bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTEGRATED SEMINAR: INNOVATIVE PG TEACHING TOOL FOR MANAGING PATIENT LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS(PLWHA) WITH SYPHILIS
Authors: M. Mahesh , Singhal Anuj , K. Kumar Kompella , Shukla Rajat , Bahal Ashish , Pandey Kavita
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Seminars are useful teaching tool for better learning as it integrates all the participants of different departments at single place with Audio-Visual Aids. The index case was discussed with an intent as a Post Graduate teaching tool Internal Medicine to help residents learning rare case of PLWHA co-infected with syphilis. Methods:The audience were 35 Junior Residents and 20 faculties from the Departments of Medicine, Paediatrics, Microbiology, Pathology and Radiology. The case was presented by Junior Resident, moderated by senior faculty at a predetermined place and time. The competencies discussed in this seminar were confirmation of diagnosis of HIV, discussion involving work up of newly diagnosed PLWHA and to teach treatment strategies while managing such a case in out-patient department. Approved predetermined feedback form was circulated using google form on WhatsApp between JRs and faculty. Their responses were collected and compiled. Results: The case was presented and discussed in a healthy tension free atmosphere at a neutral venue with active participation from residents and faculty. The session was concluded stressing on the basic principles of management of PLWHA and monitoring of ART. At the end of the lecture the residents were very confident in suspecting a patient, approach, diagnosis of case of HIV and subsequent management. Conclusion: Integrated seminars are effective teaching tool in PG teaching specially for learning management of rare cases like syphilis co-infected with HIV where multiple departments horizontally and vertically are involved.
ROLE OF AYURVEDA IN SURVIVAL OF LIFE ON THE MOON
Authors:   M.S., Ph.D. (Shalya-Tantra) M.A., Ph.D. (Sanskrut- Scholar) Professor & HOD (Shalya-Tantra Dept.) Chaitanya Ayurved College & Hospital, Bhusaval (Maharashtra)., N. Chaudhari Maheshkumar , M. Chaudhari Mrudula ,   BAMS, MA (Sanskrit).
Published: October 2023

Nature of human kind is to search & research for making the life easy. Recently our ISRO Scientist get succeed in landing of Chandrayaan-3. Main objective of this mission is to collect & observe the surface material available on the lunar surface & search of water. Is it possible to Survive life on the Moon in future & where there is life, there is an Ayurveda. If we neglect Ayurveda\'s principles, then surviving of life on the Moon is impossible. So we have to think accordingly. Ayurveda is the ancient medical science & it has its own terms & terminologies & principles, which are eternal. So Ayurveda is sustaining till date. It is a good Step toward to try for setting the life on the Moon. But we have to think finely each & every corner regarding safetyness of life. Definitely technology & modern science has achieved great success today & they will receive much more than this. But at the Same time, we should not forget our old gold knowledge. Ayurveda’a principles will definitely play the major role in guiding us in our success. Even ISRO scientists sealing this. It is good thinking that they are well known about our Veda\'s knowledge. Now up to some extent, we can be hopped that life will survive on the Moon in future. Human beings are proceeding towards this. Only human will help to human & man has to promote himself. As per the GITA - ‘उद्धरेदात्मनात्मानम्’ which is mentioned in GITA-lesson 18 by Lord Krishna, which means ‘to promote self by ourself ’. Some principles of Ayurveda, we can apply in this sector too. The eternal principles of Veda & Ayurevda will help us to become super-power as well as Universal Guru on the basis of knowledge which is with us in our Veda & Ayurveda.
INVENTORY OF ZOOPLANKTON AND MACROINVERTEBRATES IN THE DAYA OF DAR BOUAZZA, CASABLANCA, MOROCCO
Authors:   Health and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, University Hassan II Casablanca, Morocco., Loussahi F-Z. , Ait-Benichou S. ,   Health and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, University Hassan II Casablanca, Morocco., El-Hissoufi A. ,   Health and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, University Hassan II Casablanca, Morocco., Fahde A. ,   Health and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, University Hassan II Casablanca, Morocco.
Published: October 2023

This study aims to contribute to the elaboration of an inventory of zooplankton and macro invertebrates in the daya of Dar Bouazza, Casablanca region, Morocco. The determination of macro invertebrates and zooplanktons was based on the study of benthic larvae sampled between March and June 2021 in 4 stations. In the 4 stations, the benthic macro invertebrates recorded are distributed over 4 major faunal groups, 27 families and 35 genera. Coleoptera are largely dominant with 7 families. Diptera are second with 5 families. The Hemiptera are in third place. The zooplanktonic fauna of the Daya is divided into 2 groups: Cladocerans which are represented by three genera (Bosmina, Daphnia and Diaphanosoma) and Copepods which are represented only by the genus Cyclops.The physicochemical results showed a strong mineralization in the Daya. This is probably the combined effect of the degradation of the waters of the Daya of Dar Bouazza and the water table of the coastal chaouia, of which Daya is part. These results are confirmed by bacteriological tests through the identification and enumeration of Coliforms and intestinal Streptococci. The presence of these bacteria translates a pollution of fecal origin making these waters unfit for human use.
COMPOSITION, MANUFACTURE AND APPLICATION PROCEDURES FOR COMPOST, VERMICOMPOST AND VERMIWASH IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC CROP PRODUCTION
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Life Science and Applied Science (BU)., Hakeem Rahmatullah , Shrivastava Purnima ,   A.P Department of Life Science and Applied Science (Dean Research Bhagwant University Ajmer)., a Fizayousf ,   M.Sc Student.
Published: October 2023

Modern horticulture as well as agriculture involves usage of pesticides and chemical fertilizers with an Essence of increasing the worlds food production. But they also cause several health hazard, Researchers have found and suggested bio-fertilizers as an excellent alternative to chemical fertilizers.Vermicompost is considered as a high nutrient bio-fertilizer with diverse microbial communities. It plays a vital role in improving growth and yield of different field crops, vegetables, and flower and fruit crops. Vermiwash is rich in enzymes, plant growth hormones, and vitamins along with micro- and macro-nutrients. Vermicompost maintains the soil in a proper homeostatic state. Organic farming does not allow the use of synthetic chemical fertilizer, antibiotic, herbicides or pesticides. Thus the objective of organic farming is agriculture production of fibers, grains, vegetables, flowers, fruits, foods, and animal products such as milk, egg, and meat is the best natural way. Organic farming is a specific type of farming where no chemicals were added to the soil unless they are natural. The farmer must grow their crops naturally. India ranks 33 in world in terms of area under organic farming.
A QUASI EXPERIMENTAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANNED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING DIAPER RELATED PROBLEMS AND MANAGEMENT AMONG MOTHERS OF INFANT IN SELECTED AREAS AT CHENNAI
Authors:   Lecturer cum P.hD Scholar (BIHER), Sri Lakshmi Narayana College of Nursing, Puducherry., Farveen S.
Published: October 2023

Diapers have been popular with parents for the past few decades to now. Diaper problems can be treated naturally in home itself by using home remedies. Quantitative approach, Quasi experimental research design was chosen for this study. 60 samples were selected by convenient sampling techniques. Pre-test was conducted to both the group by using self- structured questionnaire and administered Planned Teaching Programme to experimental group. The post-test was conducted for both groups. The findings were that, post-test knowledge score of experimental group (P<0.05) indicates that there is a significant increase knowledge score of experimental group. There is a significant association between knowledge score and demographic variable like mothers age, monthly income, religion and source of information. Present study suggests the need for planned teaching programme to improve the knowledge regarding diaper related problems and management among the mothers of infant.
STUDY OF PHYSICAL AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF ERBIUM IONS DOPED BARIUM-TELLURITE GLASSES
Authors:   Department of Physics, Rabindranath Tagore University, Raisen, India, 464993., Qureshi Shabnam , Bhardwaj Purvee ,   Department of Physics, Rabindranath Tagore University, Raisen, India, 464993., F. Ansari Ghizal ,   Department of Physics, Madhyanchal Professional University, Bhopal, India, 462044.
Published: October 2023

Tellurite base glass doped with Erbium ions have been synthesized by melting-quenching method. X-ray diffractogam is used to verification of the glassynature of samples. Differential scanning calorimetry determine the glass transition temperature. Density (Ï) of specimens was calculated by Archimedess principle. Other physical parameters as oxygen packing density (OPD), Erbium ion concentration (CL) in the specimen, molar volume (Vm), intermolecular distance Ri, Polaron radius Rp, erbium ion concentration and Molar index of refraction Rm, were computed. In order to study the optical characteristics of the specimens, for instance, coefficient of absorption, forbidden energy gap (Eg), refractive index, and Urbach Energy (E), UV-visible absorption characterizations of Ba-Te glasses was performed in the range of 340-1000 nm. PL characterization has performed for photoluminescence study.
UTILIZING NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH TO ENHANCE LEARNING STRATEGIES AND OPTIMIZE CURRICULUM DESIGN
Authors:   Teacher Training Department, Ovidius University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania., Badoi-Hammami Mona
Published: October 2023

Educational neuroscience is a new research field, of which results contribute to raising the percentage of effectiveness and efficiency of the educational process through the use of neuroscience to explain various educational phenomena.Effective reading techniques were developed and improved, while the knowledge management received by the individual was developed and improved, in addition to explaining the occurrence of learning during interactive activities (games or simulations) and emphasizing the ability of these activities to support the healthy growth of children and the development of their personalities. Consequently, research and studies in this field have opened new opportunities to improve learning inputs and enhance their effectiveness and outputs.The complexity and uncertainty surrounding the relationship between learning and brain function warrant attention. Although neuroscience underpins our understanding of this area, its findings cannot yet be directly applied to the educational system, partly because of the arduous task of translation. Despite this, by focusing on a specific group of learners and cautiously adapting neuroscience research, the hurdles can be cleared, as we slowly unravel its enigmas.Curriculum design can be greatly improved through the use of neuroscience education. This involves tailoring effective learning strategies to accommodate learners unique qualities. Additionally, educational neuroscience research has been integrated into teaching techniques to promote collaboration and social interaction among learners, while maintaining a state of optimal flow in learning materials. Utilizing educational neuroscience benefits, such as enhanced brain development, improved learning, and evidence-based algorithms for instructional strategies, can be achieved. Nevertheless, it is important to address the varied needs of learners and approach the application of educational neuroscience carefully.Research in educational neuroscience is a topic of interest in education. This research has the potential to change learning strategies and curriculum design but also comes with its unique challenges. Through the collected data, this study aimed to identify the benefits of educational neuroscience in improving education and present the limitations and possible solutions for implementing it successfully. This research seeks to positively revolutionize education by gaining insight into effective learning strategies.
LIVER FIBROSIS ASSESSMENT IN DIABETESMELLITUS PATIENTSUSINGELASTOGRAPHY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors:   DepartmentofGeneralMedicine., K.R Devi , Jacob Elizabeth ,   SreeGokulamMedicalCollege&ResearchFoundation, Trivandrum.
Published: October 2023

Introduction:Diabetesmellitusisoneofthemostcommondiseasewithanestimateofaround Diabetes 400millionpopulationaffectedworldwide.Diabetesisadiseaseofcomplications,bothacute and chronic. There is a wide range of liver manifestations associated with Diabetes. Many diabetic patientshave beendetectedwithfattyinfiltrationof liver,mainlymanifestedasNon- alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).In India ,NAFLD is emerging as an important cause of liverdisease.NAFLDpatientswithDiabeteshasincreasedchanceofdevelopingcomplications of chronic liver disease including liver fibrosis.Toassess hepatic fibrosis, liver biopsy is still theonlyreliablegoldstandard.However,thismethodisinvasiveandassociatedwithpossible risks and complications, hence non-invasive imaging methods like serum biomarkers, conventional ultrasound, ultrasound elastography are beingused for assessment of liver stiffness measurement(LSM). Aims and Objectives: To studythepattern of significant liver fibrosis in diabetes mellitus patients with non alcoholic fatty liver disease usingtransient elastography. To determine the association of liver stiffness by elastography with other factors in diabetes mellitus patients.Tostudythecorrelationbetweennon-invasivescoresofNAFLDandliverstiffnessmeasure in patients with non alcoholic fatty liver disease usingtransient elastography. Method:Cross sectional study was done in 108 patients with Diabetes& Fatty liver visiting SreeGokulam medical college between May 2021 & May 2022. Correlation was studied betweenliver stiffness byelastographywith other riskfactors. Cohenskappacoefficient was used to find agreement between FIB4 Score, APRIScore,BARD Score and fibroscanresults . Result: 42%ofmale patients(18)and38%offemalepatientshadF3&F4liverstiffnesswhile 19 patients had F1 & F2 liver stiffness. The mean age of the study population is 50.12 years. 79% of males and 61 % of females were found to be obese. Out of obese patients,45 % had significant liver stiffness. 95% of patients with F3/F4 stage of liver stiffness had elevated HbA1c(n=41)whichshowedasignificantcorrelation(p<0.02).ASTelevati onhadasignificant correlation with significant fibrosis (p<0.05) .55% of elevated AST cases had F3/F4 liverstiffness.CohenskappacoefficientshowedsubstantialagreementbetweenresultsofFibroscan and APRI,BARD&FIB-4.Conclusion:Significantfibrosiswasdetectedmainlyinobesewithpoorglycaemic control&dyslipidaemia. Elevated liver enzymesalso had a significant correlation with significant fibrosis. Timely diagnosis of NAFLD and intervention is essential to reduce the risk of liver disease progressionespecially in diabetic patients.
FUNDAMENTALS OF RACHANA SHARIRA WITH RESPECT TO SUSHRUTA SAMHITA SHARIRA STHANA
Authors: Satheesh Aiswariya
Published: October 2023

Rachana Sharira is one of the vital subjects where thorough understanding of the basic principles, including micro and macro anatomy of human body is creditably available.In Ayurveda Samhitas,there is no major Samhitas without Sharira Sthana which emphasis the importance of the subject.Among all Samhitas, Sharira Sthana is best described in Sushruta Samhita.As known to us,Acharya Sushruta is the Father of Surgery. He emphasized that, without proper knowledge of Sharira(human body),a physician cannot diagnose or treat or do any surgery on the patients properly. Thus for acquiring that essential knowledge of human body,in 5th century BC,he is the first person who did the dissection of Human Dead Body,before Modern Anatomy even exists.From a shapeless form ,our human body is developed into such an amazingly complex form,which we can study fromRachana Sharira. Acharya Sushruta,congruously described the anatomy of human body in Sushruta Samhita Sharira Sthana,right from the formation of birth,with all the fundamental aspects.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF EFFICACY AND DURABILITY OF SELF-CURE AND LIGHT-CURE DESENSITIZING AGENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF DENTIN HYPERSENSITIVITY- AN IN-VIVO STUDY
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, PMNM Dental College & Hospital, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India., G. Kamakshi , M.R Pradeep ,   Associate Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, AMEs Dental College & Hospital, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India., Zohra Lingadalli Fatima ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, PMNM Dental College & Hospital, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India., S. Vandakudri Shruti ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, PMNM Dental College & Hospital, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India., Vyapaka Pallavi ,   Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College & Hospital, Salem, India.
Published: October 2023

Objectives:This in vivo study aimed to compare the efficacy and durability of three different varnishes/Desensitizing agents. Fluoride varnish, self-cure varnish, and light-cure varnish were used to treat dentin hypersensitivity by blocking dentinal tubules. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 patients were randomly assigned into three groups Group A: received desensitizing fluoride varnish (ProfluoridVarnish, Voco), Group B: received self-cure varnish (Systemp desensitizer, IvoclarVivadent) and Group C: received light-cure varnish (Admira Protect, Voco). Assessment of air and tactile sensitivity was done based on visual analogue scale scores at baseline, immediately after treatment, and one-monthpost-treatment. One-way ANOVA was used to assess the level of significance. Results:The results showed there was no statistically significant difference in the VAS scores for tactile and evaporative stimuli between the three groups immediately after treatment. Group C â€“ Admira Protect showed lesser mean VAS scores for both the stimuli immediately and after 30 days of application which was statistically significant with post hoc correction. Conclusion:Allthree varnishes were effective in treating DH immediately after a single application. Profluorid Varnish showed lessefficacy when compared to resin varnishes at the end of one month. Clinical effectiveness was less at the end of one month for Systemp desensitizer, a self-cure varnish when compared to Admira Protect a light cure varnish.
LAND USE CHANGES IN THE SOLOMOUGOU WATERSHED FROM 1984 TO 2021 (NORTHERN COTE DIVOIRE)
Authors:   Training and Research Unit for Marine Sciences, University of San-Pedro, City: San Pedro, Ivory Coast., Kamagate Anzoumanan , Koffi Yao Blaise ,   Training and Research Unit for Earth Sciences and Mining Resources, Soil, Water and Geomaterials Laboratory,University of Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Abidjan, Ivory Coast., Koffi Abdelaziz Kouakou ,   Department of Geosciences, University of Peleforo Gon Coulibaly, Korhogo, Ivory Coast.
Published: October 2023

Human activities affected Land use changes bya complex dynamic process, whitch affects natural resources. Poro region in general, and the Solomougou watershed in particular, is characterized by favorable natural conditions for diversified agricultural production. Remote sensing shows the extent of land use change between 1986 and 2021. Diachronic analysis reveals a decline in natural formations (forests and savannahs) in favour of crops. Interpretation of the results shows the local causes of this change, highlighting farming and pastoral practices, economic factors, urban expansion, migratory flows and deforestation, which weakens the environment by stripping the surface layers. The brightness index of high-resolution Landsat images shows a strong degradation. All this raises questions about the future of farming in this region, whose products make an essential contribution to local and national markets.
DIFFERENCES IN OUTCOMES BETWEEN MALES AND FEMALES WITH ACUTE STROKE TREATED WITH MECHANICAL THROMBECTOMY OR INTRAVENOUS THROMBOLYSIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education & Research, Surat, Gujarat, India., Mahehkumar Jaimalani Aniket , Yeritsyan Artashes ,   University of California, Berkeley, California, United States., Vinod Surve Ashka ,   Department of Anesthesiology, Baroda Medical College & SSG Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India., Olubusayo Ayinde Bolaji ,   All Saints University, School of Medicine, Dominica., Manishbhai Chokshi Priyank ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Medical College, Rajkot, Gujarat, India., Adhikari Sanjeev ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Birat Medical College, Kathmandu University, Nepal., Farouk Hamid Pousette ,   California Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience and Psychology, United States.
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Multiple studies have shown that following acute stroke, females tend to have poor outcomes as compared to males. Our study aims to discover whether these differences in outcomes are associated with the type of treatment, either mechanical thrombectomy or intravenous thrombolysis, received by the females. Methods: As per the PRISMA guidelines, we searched the PubMed/Medline and Google scholar databases to identify studies that reported differences in outcomes between males and females with stroke, undergoing either mechanical thrombectomy or intravenous thrombolysis. Results: Nine studies met out eligibility criteria, including a total of 17648 participants, out of which 9798 (55.52%) were males and 7850 (44.48%) were females. Seven studies stated that males and females had similar treatment outcomes post stroke, while two studies stated that males had better treatment outcomes as compared to females. Conclusion: We strongly suggest the need to investigate the specific cause(s) of these outcome discrepancies between males and females, and to tailor a sex-specific treatment protocol to optimize care and improve outcomes for both sexes, with particular attention to improving outcomes in females.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE ABOUT SAFE INJECTION PRACTICES AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Duty Medical Officer, Rathna Memorial Hospital, Swamiyarmadam, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India., Haja Adeena , Rizwan Mohamed ,   Duty Medical Officer, PPK Hospital, Marthandam, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: October 2023

According to WHO, a safe injection is one which is prepared with clean hands in a clean area, medication drawn from a sterile administered with a sterile needle and syringe, which are discarded after use in a puncture proof container for appropriate disposal. Safe injection practices are intended to prevent transmission of infectious diseases between one patient and another, or between a patient and health care personnel during preparation and injection of medications. Thiscross-sectional study was conducted during May-June 2021 among interns and questionnaire with 25 questions regarding the awareness of safe injection practices were used to assess the levels of awareness. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel sheet. Analysis is done using SPSS software. Data was analysed using percentages. Result shows all 72 interns filled out the questionnaire. Out of the 72 interns, 56 (77.8%) had good knowledge and 16 (22.2%) had poor knowledge about safe injection practices. 54 (75%) students had good attitude and 18(25%) had poor attitude safe injection practices. 50(69.4%) had good practice in administering safe injection whereas 22 students (30.6%) had poor practice. The present study shows that 77.8% has good knowledge, 75% has good attitude and 69.4% has good practice in safe injections among the Interns. The present study also shows that the practices of safe injection are less than that of knowledge and attitude towards it. So, there is a need for proper practical training in safe injection practices.
Infection of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei in a cat imported to Poland from South Korea
Authors: JAŃCZAK DAWID , GÓRECKI PIOTR , MAJ ALEKSANDRA KORNELIA
Published: October 2023

Spirometra tapeworms are causative agents of sparganosis, an emerging zoonosis in Europe. Many mammal species in Poland, such as wild boar and American mink, are among its paratenic hosts. Red foxes and raccoon dogs are recognized as both intermediate and definitive hosts. Very little is known about the prevalence of Spirometra among dogs and cats. Only a few cases of infection in cats have been described worldwide. The aim of this paper was to describe a very important aspect of long distances parasite migration. In March 2023, a mixed breed cat was brought from South Korea to Poland. In fecal examination, eggs similar to those of tapeworms from the Diphyllobothridae family were found. Molecular identification of the tapeworm showed a 100% similarity to Spirometra erinaceieuropaei deposited in GenBank®. One dose of praziquantel was effective against infestation. This case of the cat imported into Poland without previous deworming or vaccination highlights the problem of potentially dangerous parasites entering countries along with pets.
Prevalence of subclinical heart disease in apparently healthy American Staffordshire Terriers
Authors: SZPINDA OKTAWIA , JANK MICHAŁ , CZOPOWICZ MICHAŁ , JOŃSKA IZABELLA , PARZENIECKA-JAWORSKA MARTA
Published: October 2023

The American Staffordshire Terrier (AST) is a breed characterized by a specific body build and high activity. The predisposition of the AST to cardiovascular diseases has not been investigated thoroughly yet. The study population consisted of 88 adult dogs showing no signs of cardiovascular diseases. The tested dogs were of different gender, age and body weight. Systolic blood pressure, clinical examination, echocardiography, electrocardiography, thoracic radiograph were performed in each dog, additionally, the blood was taken for laboratory tests. Subclinical heart disease was found in 67% of the tested dogs. Diseases of atrioventricular valves were most prevalent, significantly more common than aortic and pulmonary valve diseases. The most common subclinical heart disease was mitral valve regurgitation. A large part of the examined dogs had accelerated LVOT and RVOT in relation to the reference values adopted for the general canine population. The subclinical heart diseases are common in the Polish population of adult AST. Detection of the heart murmur in auscultation, respiratory sinus arrythmia in ECG, qR pattern of the QRS complex in ECG, PQ ≥ 0.11s, and LA/Ao ≥ 1.4 in an asymptomatic adult AST is suggestive of the subclinical heart disease and is an indication for a complete echocardiographic examination. Performing cardiac screening tests in adult AST dogs enables the elimination of sick individuals from breeding. Full echocardiographic examination including Doppler technique is a mainstay of the cardiologic diagnostics in modern veterinary medicine. It is the only method that allows the diagnosis of subclinical heart diseases.
Exploring CO2 storage potential in Lithuanian deep saline aquifers using digital rock volumes: a machine learning guided approach
Authors: Malik Shruti , Makauskas Pijus , Sharma Ravi , Pal Mayur
Published: October 2023

The increasing significance of carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) as a climate mitigation strategy has underscored the importance of accurately evaluating subsurface reservoirs for CO2 sequestration [1]. In this context, digital rock volumes, obtained through advanced imaging techniques such as micro-Xray computed tomography (MXCT), offer intricate insights into the porous and permeable structures of geological formations [2]. This study presents a comprehensive methodology for assessing CO2 storage viability within Lithuanian deep saline aquifers, namely Syderiai and Vaskai, by utilizing petrophysical properties estimated from digital rock volumes [3, 4]. These petrophysical properties were derived from core samples collected from these formations. Utilizing machine learning algorithms, porosity was estimated while the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) was applied to determine permeability [5]. The methodology employed for estimating these petrophysical parameters was initially validated using samples from formations analogous to Lithuanian formations. Subsequently, it was applied to rock samples specifically obtained from Lithuanian formations. The estimated petrophysical properties were compared with peer-reviewed data from published literature. When fluids such as CO2 or H2 are injected into sub-surface reservoirs, they can alter pore and grain characteristics. Therefore, it is crucial to extract representative element volumes (REVs) from segmented volumes to study the impact of fluids on porosity and their distribution [6]. These mini models, representing small portions of the larger formation, assist in predicting fluid flow within the formation, which is vital for assessing the efficiency and safety of carbon capture and storage (CCS) operations. Subsequently, numerical modelling was conducted using the petrophysical parameters as inputs to assess the storage capacity of the Lithuanian formations using tNavigator software [7]. This research contributes to an enhanced understanding of pore space distribution and its role in various aspects of long-term CO2 storage. It also demonstrates the potential of integrating advanced imaging techniques, machine learning, and numerical modeling for accurate assessment and effective management of subsurface CO2 storage. This study shall aid in enhanced understanding of pore space distribution and their contribution towards various aspects of long-term storage. The results can be extended to study the geochemical reactions and geo-mechanical behaviour of the rocks. Such studies shall further facilitate identification of reservoir(s) wherein sequestration potential can be reliably explored.
Adsorption of fluoride from water using Al–Mg–Ca ternary metal oxide-coated sand
Authors: Modaresahmadi Kiana , Khodadoust Amid P. , Wescott James
Published: October 2023

An aluminum–magnesium–calcium-coated sand (AMCCS) sorbent was evaluated as a low-cost ternary metal oxide adsorbent for adsorption and removal of fluoride from water with potential application in flow-through water filtration systems. The AMCCS sorbent coating contained mostly amorphous oxides of aluminum, magnesium, and calcium. The adsorption of fluoride occurred in less than an hour, while fluoride adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The favorable adsorption of fluoride onto the AMCCS sorbent occurred according to the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equations, whereas the physical adsorption of fluoride onto the AMCCS sorbent occurred based on the Dubinin–Radushkevich adsorption equation. The adsorption of fluoride occurred over a broad pH range from 2 to 10.5 with a decrease in adsorption at pH above 10.5, indicative of the adsorption of fluoride onto the positively charged surface of AMCCS sorbent at pH below the AMCCS sorbent pHPZC of 10.4. The AMCCS sorbent was able to remove fluoride from natural waters with appreciable alkalinity, total hardness and total dissolved solids, indicative of AMCCS sorbent selectivity for fluoride adsorption. The AMCCS sorbent was re-coated and reused after several adsorption cycles, rendering the AMCCS sorbent a recyclable and sustainable adsorbent for effective and rapid removal of fluoride from water.
The Effects of Resveratrol Supplementation on the Metabolism of
Lipids in Metabolic Disorders
Authors: Ghavidel Farideh , Hashemy Seyed Isaac , Aliari Mahdeyeh , Rajabian Arezoo , Tabrizi Masoud Homayouni , Atkin Stephen L. , Jamialahmadi Tannaz , Hosseini Hossein , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: October 2023

Lipids are stored energy sources in animals, and disturbance of lipid
metabolism is associated with metabolic disorders, including cardiovascular diseases,
obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and diabetes. Modifying dysregulated lipid
metabolism homeostasis can lead to enhanced therapeutic benefits, such as the use of
statin therapy in cardiovascular disease. However, many natural compounds may have
therapeutic utility to improve lipid metabolism. Resveratrol is a polyphenol extracted
from dietary botanicals, including grapes and berries, which has been reported to affect
many biological processes, including lipid metabolism. This review evaluates the effects
of resveratrol on lipid metabolism dysregulation affecting atherosclerosis, diabetes, and
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In addition, it details the mechanisms by
which resveratrol may improve lipid metabolism homeostasis.
EPHA2 Receptor as a Possible Therapeutic Target in Viral Infections
Authors: Vincenzi Marian , Mercurio Flavia Anna , Leone Marilisa
Published: October 2023

Background:

The receptor tyrosine kinase EphA2 plays a role in many diseases,
like cancer, cataracts, and osteoporosis. Interestingly, it has also been linked to viral
infections.

Objective:

Herein, current literature has been reviewed to clarify EphA2 functions in viral
infections and explore its potential role as a target in antiviral drug discovery strategies.

Methods:

Research and review articles along with preprints connecting EphA2 to different
viruses have been searched through PubMed and the web. Structures of complexes
between EphA2 domains and viral proteins have been retrieved from the PDB database.

Results:

EphA2 assumes a key role in Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)
and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infections by directly binding, through its ligand
binding domain, viral glycoproteins. For human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), the role of
EphA2 in maintaining virus latency state, through cooperation with specific viral proteins,
has also been speculated. In certain cells, with high EphA2 expression levels, following
ligand stimulation, receptor activation might contribute to severe symptoms accompanying
a few viral infections, including lung injuries often related to severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Conclusion:

Since EphA2 works as a host receptor for certain viruses, it might be worth
more deeply investigating known compounds targeting its extracellular ligand binding
domain as antiviral therapeutics. Due to EphA2's function in inflammation, its possible
correlation with SARS-CoV-2 cannot be excluded, but more experimental studies are
needed in this case to undoubtedly attribute the role of this receptor in viral infections.
The Impact of Alcohol-Induced Epigenetic Modifications in the Treatment of Alcohol use Disorders
Authors: Fanfarillo Francesca , Ferraguti Giampiero , Lucarelli Marco , Fuso Andrea , Ceccanti Mauro , Terracina Sergio , Micangeli Ginevra , Tarani Luigi , Fiore Marco
Published: October 2023

:

Alcohol use disorders are responsible for 5.9% of all death annually and 5.1%
of the global disease burden. It has been suggested that alcohol abuse can modify gene
expression through epigenetic processes, namely DNA and histone methylation, histone
acetylation, and microRNA expression. The alcohol influence on epigenetic mechanisms
leads to molecular adaptation of a wide number of brain circuits, including the
hypothalamus-hypophysis-adrenal axis, the prefrontal cortex, the mesolimbic-dopamine
pathways and the endogenous opioid pathways. Epigenetic regulation represents an important
level of alcohol-induced molecular adaptation in the brain. It has been demonstrated
that acute and chronic alcohol exposure can induce opposite modifications in epigenetic
mechanisms: acute alcohol exposure increases histone acetylation, decreases histone
methylation and inhibits DNA methyltransferase activity, while chronic alcohol exposure
induces hypermethylation of DNA. Some studies investigated the chromatin status
during the withdrawal period and the craving period and showed that craving was associated
with low methylation status, while the withdrawal period was associated with elevated
activity of histone deacetylase and decreased histone acetylation. Given the effects
exerted by ethanol consumption on epigenetic mechanisms, chromatin structure
modifiers, such as histone deacetylase inhibitors and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors,
might represent a new potential strategy to treat alcohol use disorder. Further investigations
on molecular modifications induced by ethanol might be helpful to develop new
therapies for alcoholism and drug addiction targeting epigenetic processes.
Bacterial Polyhydroxyalkanoates-based Therapeutics-delivery Nano-systems
Authors: Durán-Lara Esteban F. , Rafael Diana , Andrade Fernanda , G. Olga Lobos , Vijayakumar Sekar
Published: October 2023

:

Microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are bio-based aliphatic biopolyester
produced by bacteria as an intracellular storage material of carbon and energy under
stressed conditions. PHAs have been paid attention to due to their unique and impressive
biological properties including high biodegradability, biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity,
and different mechanical properties. Under this context, the development of
drug-delivery nanosystems based on PHAs has been revealed to have numerous advantages
compared with synthetic polymers that included biocompatibility, biodegradability,
non-toxic, and low-cost production, among others. In this review article, we present
the available state of the art of PHAs. Moreover, we discussed the potential benefits,
weaknesses, and perspectives of PHAs to the develop drug delivery systems.
Significant Advancement in Various Synthetic Strategies and Pharmacotherapy of Piperine Derivatives: A Review
Authors: Joshi Sagar , Salahuddin  , Mazumder Avijit , Kumar Rajnish , Shabana Km , Tyagi Sonakshi , Rana Kavita , Ahsan Mohamed Jawed , Yar Mohammad Shahar , Arya Arvind , Khurana Navneet
Published: October 2023

Background:

Piperine is a natural compound found in black pepper that has been traditionally
used for various therapeutic purposes. In the ayurvedic system of medication there is a lot
of evidence which shows that the piperine is widely used for different therapeutic purpose. In recent
years, there has been an increasing interest in the pharmacological and therapeutic potential
of piperine and its derivatives in modern medicine. In order to increase the bioavailability and therapeutic
effectiveness of piperine and its analogs, researchers have been looking at various extraction
methods and synthesis approaches. Many studies have been conducted in this area because of
the promise of piperine as a natural substitute for synthetic medications.

Objectives:

The objective of this review article is to provide an up-to-date analysis of the literature
on the synthesis of piperine analogs, including their extraction techniques and various biological
activities such as antihypertensive, antidiabetic, insecticidal, antimicrobial, and antibiotic effects.
Additionally, the review aims to discuss the potential of piperine in modern medicine, given its traditional
use in various medicinal systems such as Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani. The article also
provides a comprehensive analysis of the plant from which piperine is derived.

Conclusion:

This review article provides a thorough examination of piperine and the source plant.
The best extraction technique for the extraction of piperine and the synthesis of its analogs with
various biological activities, including antihypertensive, antidiabetic, insecticidal, antibacterial,
and antibiotic properties, are covered in the article. This review aims to provide an updated analysis
of the literature on the synthesis of piperine analogs.
Comprehensive Study on Scoring and Grading Systems for Predicting the
Severity of Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Mahendrakar Pavan , Kumar Dileep , Patil Uttam
Published: October 2023

Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is a degenerative joint ailment characterized by cartilage loss, which can be seen using imaging modalities and converted into imaging features. The older population is the most affected by knee OA, which affects 16% of people worldwide who are 15 years of age and older. Due to cartilage tissue degradation, primary knee OA develops in older people. In contrast, joint overuse or trauma in younger people can cause secondary knee OA. Ear-ly identification of knee OA, according to research, may be a successful management tactic for the condition. Scoring scales and grading systems are important tools for the management of knee osteoarthritis as they allow clinicians to measure the progression of the disease's severity and provide suggestions on suitable treatment at identified stages. The comprehensive study reviews various subjective and objective knee evaluation scoring systems that effectively score and grade the KOA based on where defects or changes in articular cartilage occur. Recent studies reveal that AI-based approaches, such as that of DenseNet, integrating the concept of deep learning for scoring and grading the KOA, outperform various state-of-the-art methods in order to predict the KOA at an early stage.
A Review of Medicinal Plants and Phytochemicals for the Management of Gout
Authors: Frazaei Mohammad Hosein , Nouri Roghayeh , Arefnezhad Reza , Pour Pardis Mohammadi , Naseri Maryam , Assar Shirin
Published: October 2023

Gout, characterized by elevated uric acid levels, is a common inflammatory joint dis-ease associated with pain, joint swelling, and bone erosion. Existing treatments for gout often re-sult in undesirable side effects, highlighting the need for new, safe, and cost-effective anti-gout drugs. Natural products, including medicinal plants and phytochemicals, have gained attention as potential sources of anti-gout compounds. In this review, we examined articles from 2000 to 2020 using PubMed and Google Scholar, focusing on the effectiveness of medicinal plants and phyto-chemicals in managing gout. Our findings identified 14 plants and nine phytochemicals with anti-gout properties. Notably, Teucrium polium, Prunus avium, Smilax riparia, Rhus coriaria, Foenic-ulum vulgare, Allium cepa, Camellia japonica, and Helianthus annuus exhibited the highest xan-thine oxidase inhibitory activity, attributed to their unique natural bioactive compounds such as phenolics, tannins, coumarins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Herbal plants and their phytochemicals have demonstrated promising effects in reducing serum urate and inhibiting xanthine. This review aims to report recent studies on plants/phytochemicals derived from herbs beneficial in gout and their different mechanisms.
Natural Nanoparticulate Cosmeceuticals: Boon for Hyperpigmentation
Authors: Pingale Prashant L. , Patil Rupali A. , Bedse Anjali P. , Raut Shilpa S.
Published: October 2023

Recently nanotechnology has emerged with more attention to the cosmetic industry.
Formulations for skin whitening are widely applied but hyperpigmentation treatment remains
unnoticed. This review summarises use of nanotechnology in hyperpimentaion. Various organic
and inorganic nanoparticles used in cosmeceuticals are explained. Various approaches for treatment of hyperpigmentation, barriers for Nanodelivery, availability of organic and inorganic synthetic nanoparticles are stated in the study. The advantages and disadvantages of these organic
and inorganic compounds are enlisted. Special emphasis has been given to natural substances
including arbutin, Aloesin, hesperidin, niacinamide, liquorice, mulberry, polyphenols, ginseng,
gingko which are used used in hyperpigmentation. Regulatory challenges and issues for clinical
translation, Patents and publications available in last 20 years related to nanotechnology in hyperpigmentation are discussed in brief. It has been observed that amongst nanocosmeceuticals
used for hyperpigmentation, lipid nanoparticles are most widely used due to more skin permeability, biocompatibility, and biodegradable nature. Nonetheless, investigation on health effects
and safety profile of nanomaterials are essential for understanding the impact of using these materials.
Correction: Uncovering Important Drivers of the Increase in the Use of Virtual Care Technologies in Nursing Care: Quantitative Analysis From the 2020 National Survey of Canadian Nurses (Preprint)
Authors: Beauséjour Waldo , Hagens Simon
Published: October 2023

UNSTRUCTURED
The Real-World Usability, Feasibility, and Performance Distributions of Deploying a Digital Toolbox of Computerized Assessments to Remotely Evaluate Brain Health: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Attarha Mouna , Mahncke Henry , Merzenich Michael
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

An ongoing global challenge is managing brain health and understanding how performance changes across the lifespan.

OBJECTIVE

We developed and deployed a set of self-administrable, computerized assessments designed to measure key indexes of brain health across the visual and auditory sensory modalities. In this pilot study, we evaluated the usability, feasibility, and performance distributions of the assessments in a home-based, real-world setting without supervision.

METHODS

Potential participants were untrained users who self-registered on an existing brain training app called BrainHQ. Participants were contacted via a recruitment email and registered remotely to complete a demographics questionnaire and 29 unique assessments on their personal devices. We examined participant engagement, descriptive and psychometric properties of the assessments, associations between performance and self-reported demographic variables, cognitive profiles, and factor loadings.

RESULTS

Of the 365,782 potential participants contacted via a recruitment email, 414 (0.11%) registered, of whom 367 (88.6%) completed at least one assessment and 104 (25.1%) completed all 29 assessments. Registered participants were, on average, aged 63.6 (SD 14.8; range 13-107) years, mostly female (265/414, 64%), educated (329/414, 79.5% with a degree), and White (349/414, 84.3% White and 48/414, 11.6% people of color). A total of 72% (21/29) of the assessments showed no ceiling or floor effects or had easily modifiable score bounds to eliminate these effects. When correlating performance with self-reported demographic variables, 72% (21/29) of the assessments were sensitive to age, 72% (21/29) of the assessments were insensitive to gender, 93% (27/29) of the assessments were insensitive to race and ethnicity, and 93% (27/29) of the assessments were insensitive to education-based differences. Assessments were brief, with a mean duration of 3 (SD 1.0) minutes per task. The pattern of performance across the assessments revealed distinctive cognitive profiles and loaded onto 4 independent factors.

CONCLUSIONS

The assessments were both usable and feasible and warrant a full normative study. A digital toolbox of scalable and self-administrable assessments that can evaluate brain health at a glance (and longitudinally) may lead to novel future applications across clinical trials, diagnostics, and performance optimization.