bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Bayesian and classical estimation of the new probabilistic Inverted Topp Leone Weibull distribution with application
Authors: Alomani Ghadah , Emam Walid
Published: March 2023

In this article, we present a new modification of the Weibull model with three parameters for analysing events in the real world, called the new Inverted Topp Leone Weibull distribution. The new model has many statistical advantages. The flexibility of the proposed model has been improved. The proposed model can be used to fit data with different shapes, it can be right skewed, left skewed, decreasing, curved and symmetric. The maximum likelihood approach and Bayesian estimation are used to estimate the distribution parameters. Three different loss functions are used for the Bayesian procedure. The calculations show the biases and estimated risks to obtain the best estimator. The bootstrap confidence intervals, the asymptotic confidence intervals, and the observed variance-covariance matrix are obtained. The Metropolis Hastings MCMC procedure is used for the calculations. We apply the composite distribution to two real data from the medical and engineering fields. The goodnessof-fit results show that it performs well compared to other distributions.
A laterally spreading tumor (LST) of the rectum with lymphatic metastasis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Li¹ Ben , Cui Xuechen
Published: March 2023

Background:Colorectal cancer (CRC), as one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies (10.0% of total cancer cases), is also the second leading cause of cancer death (9.4% of the total cancer deaths). Morphologically, early colorectal tumors could be divided into 3 groups: protruded tumors, depress tumors and laterally spreading tumors. Laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) are defined as lesions >10mm in diameter and extending laterally along the luminal wall, by first proposed by Kudo, a Japanese scholar, in 1993. In recent years, the incidence of LSTs has significantly increased. However, LSTs in the rectum with lymphatic metastasis are rarely report.Case presentation:Our team reported a 69-year-old man with abdominal pain, diarrhea and a rectal LST 7 cm in diameter. The rectal lesion was initially diagnosed as a tubulovillous adenoma and some areas show high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. A therapeutic strategy of laparoscopic assisted radical resection of low rectal cancer (Dixon, D3, TME) was applied. The surgeries and postoperative procedure went smoothly.Conclusions:This is a rare and clinically significant case that demonstrates the possibility of lymph node metastasis in early intramucosal carcinoma and focuses on the diagnostic and therapeutic schedule of early colorectal cancerous lesions.
Orbit Constraint of A Small Bead on A Rotating Large Circular Hoop in A Horizontal Plane
Authors: yuansheng Wang
Published: March 2023

We study the orbit constraint of a small bead on a rotating large circular hoop in a horizontal plane about an axis passing through a point on the circumference. Firstly, the oscillation of the bead on the smooth rotating hoop is studied. Secondly, the influence mechanism of friction coefficient on angular velocity, constraint force and work of the bead on the rotating hoop is studied. The calculation results are consistent with the kinetic energy theorem. Finally, the influence mechanism of initial angular velocity on the kinematics of the bead on the hoop is studied.
PARKINSON'S DISEASE — OVERVIEW OF MODERN TREATMENT METHODS
Authors: Chyniak Olha , Dubenko Olga , Potapov Olexander , Shulga Anastasia , Kotsyuba Anastasia
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative neurological disease with a slowly progressive course. In particular, it manifests as a movement disorder that includes rest tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Movement disorder in patients with PD mainly occurs due to the selective loss of pigmented dopaminergic neurons of the compact area of the substantia nigra, as a result of the depletion of dopamine in the striatum. The pathogenetic feature of this disease is the presence of intraneuronal aggregates and inclusions of α-synuclein. To date, there are no proven treatments for Parkinson's disease, but a number of medications exist offering benefits in terms of controlling movement disorders. Although they can significantly improve motor function, they can also lead to problematic side effects, especially as the disease progresses.
Materials and methods. To analyze the main directions of modern methods of Parkinson's disease treatment and to conduct a profound review and analysis of literature research data on the modern methods of Parkinson's disease treatment over the past 10 years.
The results. It has been established that modern treatment methods are based mainly on exogenous administration of drugs with dopaminergic activity and inhibitors of endogenous dopamine metabolism. Although levodopa has been used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease since its inception, numerous experimental therapeutic and neurosurgical approaches are now being investigated. These include drugs aiming at the inhibition and degradation of α-synuclein aggregation, which is considered the driving force of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. They raise expectations that a disease-modifying agent will be discovered in the short-term future. Thus, in combination with a number of regenerative and neurosurgical approaches, including stem cell and gene therapy and deep brain stimulation, significant progress will be made in the treatment of Parkinson's disease in the coming years and a number of new effective options will become available.
Prevalence of Tuberculosis among Presumptive Tuberculosis Patients Offered HIV Testing Services in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja Nigeria
Authors: Hosle Tangkat Friday
Published: March 2023

Tuberculosis is a communicable disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, considered a major risk to global health security. This study determined the prevalence, treatment outcomes, and factors associated with tuberculosis among 737 presumptive tuberculosis patients in Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria from 1st April 2019 to 30th May 2021 through retrospective cross-sectional study and multi-stage sampling. From Non-Municipal Area Councils, Bwari was selected while from Health Facilities, General Hospital Bwari and Gwarimpa were selected from Bwari and Abuja Municipal Area Council respectively by simple random sampling and data abstractions were done and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0 Software. The prevalence of tuberculosis amongst the patients was 19.4%. The tuberculosis treatment outcome showed that 66.4% were cured, 14.7% completed treatment, 7.0% failed treatment, 5.6% lost to follow-up and 0.7% removed from the Register. The prevalence of tuberculosis in the Bwari Area Council was 8.2%. The association between Area Council of Resident and tuberculosis was significant (p = 0.001). Patients that reside in Bwari Area Council were 0.078 times less likely to have tuberculosis compared to those who reside in Abuja Municipal Area Council and, Area Council of Residence was a predictor of tuberculosis (aOR = 0.001; 95% C.I. = 0.043 - 0.141). The prevalence of tuberculosis amongst patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus was 29.6%. The association was significant (p = 0.001) but not a predictor of tuberculosis (aOR = 0.840; 95% C.I. = 0.617 - 1.810). Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Presumptive, Tuberculosis.
Are Primary Health Care Workers in Ikere Local Government Area of Ekiti State Making Diagnosis or Classification of Diseases before Giving Treatment?
Authors: Adepoju Rasheed Adeyemi
Published: March 2023

Diagnosis is the establishment of a disease condition affecting an individual by a clinician. It is the end result of a process in which a clinician synthesis various combinations of symptoms and signs exhibited by a patient to make a list of possible disease conditions afflicting the patient. This study aimed to ascertain whether Primary Health Care Workers In the Ikere Local Government of Ekiti State were making diagnoses or classifications of diseases before giving treatments. The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether Primary Health Care Workers In the Ikere Local Government of Ekiti State were making diagnoses or classifications of diseases before giving treatments. The study was a retrospective cross-sectional in nature and used secondary data from eight (8) primary health centers within the Local Government, comprising of two (2) Comprehensive and six (6) Basic Health Centers. A total of 513 out-patient cards were examined in the eight selected health facilities. Data was collected and analysed using SPSS version 2.0. Attempt at making a diagnosis were made in 206(40.2%), while no diagnosis were made in 307 (59.6%). 40 different diagnoses were made with malaria alone, 113 (54%) been the most diagnosed. Other diagnoses included wound 17 (8.1%), road traffic accident 10 (4.8%), malaria in combination with typhoid 8 (3.8%), malaria with peptic ulcer and malaria with infection at 2 (1%) each, dysentery, and typhoid 4 (1.9%) each. The uses of physical examination and laboratory investigation as well as diagnosis/ classification before treatment, were low. Keywords: Classification, Diagnosis, Primary health care, Primary health care workers.
Barriers to HIV Testing among Clients of Female Sex Workers an Assessment of Ogoja Local Government Area
Authors: Agada Simon J,
Published: March 2023

Frequent engagement of men in sexual encounters with female sex workers (FSWs) while not using condoms places them at high risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. HIV testing has been noted to be among the necessary methods to stop HIV transmission and acquisition. However, it’s illustrious that not all men voluntarily test for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), take a look at how to stop Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and/or acquisition. This study aimed to spot barriers to accessing Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing services among men. World Health Organization square measure shoppers of female sex workers (clients) in Ogoja Cross River North, South-South Nigeria. A comprehensive search of recent literature uncovered a fancy array of social, Personal, and behavioural barriers, as well as knowledge/awareness of the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection’s existence, perception of human immunodeficiency (HIV) risk, stigma from care suppliers or family/partners/friends, distrust of care providers/systems. The purpose of this study is to explore possible barriers to HIV counseling and testing uptake among clients of Female Sex Workers in the Ogoja Local Government area of Cross River State, Nigeria, and to see possible ways of mitigating the barriers to epidemic control. This study was conducted in Ogoja Cross River State, Nigeria, with a sample size of 100 male clients of female sex workers, via random sampling technique through an online survey system known as Mwater for data collection. Frequency counts and percentages were used for data analysis. Vital findings of the study conclude: stigma and trust impact uptake of HIV test among male clients of female sex workers. Keywords: Acquired immunodeficiency syndromes, Barriers, Female sex workers, Human immunodeficiency virus, Human immunodeficiency virus testing, Male.
Factors Influencing Integration of Social Determinants of Health into Clinical Practice in Hospitals in Uganda
Authors: Emmanuel Higenyi
Published: March 2023

The overall objective of this study was to assess the factors influencing the extent of integration of social determinants of health (SDH) into clinical practice in hospitals in Uganda. This was cross-sectional. Data was collected from 1042 health workers using a self-administered questionnaire. The factors influencing integration were elucidated using multiple regression modeling. The final model of the influencing factors contained the factor domains health worker confidence, hospital environment, health worker attitude, adoption level for strategies of integration, disease characteristics, and accreditation to the Nurses and Midwives Council. The study successfully elucidated the model for factors influencing the integration of social determinants into clinical practice. The findings have educational, practice, administrative, and policy implications. The multi-method approach was used to limit social desirability bias among health workers; however, the study did not adjust for carry-over effects arising from health workers who were also practicing in private clinics and medical centres. Keywords: Clinical practice; Factors, Integration; Social determinants.
To Identify the Consequence of Social Distancing on the Social Affinity Needs in the Lives of the Elderly
Authors: Ghodke Babasaheb
Published: March 2023

The present study aimed to examine the interrelatedness of three key variables: The social affinity needs of the elderly, the social needs of elderly individuals, and Social distance. To do this, a path analysis was conducted on a sample of elderly individuals. In conclusion, this study provides evidence of a complex relationship between social distance, social affinity needs and the social needs of the elderly. Social space has a positive relationship with both social affinity needs, and the social needs of the elderly, and social affinity needs have a positive relationship with the social needs of the elderly. This study provides valuable insights into the impact of social distancing on the social needs and social affinity needs of the elderly population. It highlights the need for interventions to support older adults during periods of social distancing. The previous two years were unpredictable. The epidemic has had a remarkable effect on all population subgroups. In response to the global spreading of the corona infection, the government devised social distance restrictions aimed at high-risk age groups. The indicated age group was those less than 65 years old. They are more susceptible to such a sickness due to age-related symptoms, lower antibodies, physical and psychological dependency upon one another, and especially lack of mobility. More than the danger of infection, the stigma connected to this circumstance significantly impacts the elderly. This generation faces increased mortality-related problems because of the comorbid condition. Keywords: Elderly People, Pandemic, Social distancing, Vulnerable.
TRANSIÇÕES ELETRÔNICAS EM α-Fe2O3: MODELOS TEÓRICOS E LIMITAÇÕES
Authors: Santos Isabela , de Faria Dalva
Published: March 2023

ELECTRONIC TRANSITIONS IN α-FE2O3: THEORETICAL MODELS AND LIMITATIONS. Addressing electronic transitions of hematite (α-Fe2O3) is still considered a topic in active debate, even though it is one of the most widely used compounds from ancient times to the present and also one of the most extensively investigated iron oxides. In this review, a general analysis of the approaches and theoretical models which had been used to explain the electronic absorption spectrum of α-Fe2O3, from the first proposal presented by Tandon and Gupta (1970) to the more recent results obtained by quantum mechanical calculations, is presented. The analysis of the already published studies is made pointing out the main factors that must be considered to allow a more reliable understanding of the UV-Vis-NIR spectra of α-Fe2O3. Furthermore, controversies in the calculated results are discussed, analysing the suitability of each of the approaches used. Reasons for differences observed in the experimental data reported in the literature are also discussed.
MACHINE LEARNING-BASED VIRTUAL SCREENING, MOLECULAR DOCKING, DRUG-LIKENESS, PHARMACOKINETICS AND TOXICITY ANALYSES TO IDENTIFY NEW NATURAL INHIBITORS OF THE GLYCOPROTEIN SPIKE (S1) OF SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Cobre Alexandre , Böger Beatriz , Fachi Mariana , Ehrenfried Carlos , Stremel Dile , De Melo Eduardo , Tonin Fernanda , Pontarolo Roberto
Published: March 2023

To identify natural bioactive compounds (NBCs) as potential inhibitors of spike (S1) by means of in silico assays. NBCs with previously proven biological in vitro activity were obtained from the ZINC database and analyzed through virtual screening and molecular docking to identify those with higher affinity to the spike protein. Eight machine learning models were used to validate the results: Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), Gradient Boosted Tree Discriminant Analysis (XGBoostDA), Soft Independent Modelling of Class Analogies (SIMCA) and Logistic Regression Discriminate Analysis (LREG). Selected NBCs were submitted to drug-likeness prediction using Lipinski’s and Veber’s rule of five. A prediction of pharmacokinetic parameters and toxicity was also performed (ADMET). Antivirals currently used for COVID-19 (remdesivir and molnupiravir) were used as a comparator. A total of 170,906 compounds were analyzed. Of these, 34 showed greater affinity with the S1 (affinity energy < -7 kcal mol-1). Most of these compounds belonged to the class of coumarins (benzopyrones), presenting a benzene ring fused to a lactone (group of heterosides). The PLS-DA model was able to reproduce the results of the virtual screening and molecular docking (accuracy of 97.0%). Of the 34 compounds, only NBC5 (feselol), NBC14, NBC15 and NBC27 had better results in ADMET predictions. These had similar binding affinity to S1 when compared to remdesivir and molnupirvir. Feselol and three other NBCs were the most promising candidates for treating COVID-19. In vitro and in vivo studies are needed to confirm these findings.
La inteligencia emocional, una oportunidad para la gestión de la convivencia escolar
Authors: Molina-Isaza Liliana , Nova-Herrera Adriana Judith
Published: March 2023

Este artículo de revisión presenta resultados parciales de un proyecto adelantado en el marco de una tesis que estudia el fenómeno de la gestión de la convivencia escolar a partir del desarrollo de la inteligencia emocional, como una oportunidad para la resolución de conflictos. El objetivo se centró en analizar las características y las incidencias de la gestión de la convivencia y el desarrollo de la inteligencia emocional en los escolares, a partir de una revisión de los estudios realizados por otros investigadores. Para alcanzarlo, se hizo uso de la técnica de análisis de contenido a la producción científica, partiendo de preguntas orientadoras. Dentro de los resultados, se resalta que la gestión de la convivencia implica toma de decisiones, formulación de actividades para la mejora de las conductas, vivencia de valores, formas de relacionarse de los miembros de la comunidad educativa y el establecimiento de estrategias para favorecer el clima escolar. Las falencias en la gestión de la convivencia pueden ocasionar trastornos en los procesos pedagógicos y en el convivir.
Synthesis of Chiral Heterocycles from Asymmetric Cascade Palladium Catalysis
Authors: Pellissier Hélène
Published: March 2023

This review updates the field of asymmetric cascade palladium catalysis applied to
the synthesis of chiral heterocycles since 2019. It illustrates how much a diversity of chiral palladium
catalysts promote unprecedented asymmetric domino reactions of many types, allowing
direct access to a wide variety of complex and densely functionalized chiral heterocyclic molecules.
The Potential Effect of Dapsone on the Inflammatory Reactions in
COVID-19: Staggering View
Authors: Al-Kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , Elekhnawy Engy , Alexiou Athanasios , Batiha Gaber El-Saber
Published: March 2023

Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection is linked with an overstated immune response with the
succeeding release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and progression of the cytokine storm. In addition,
severe SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with the development of oxidative stress and coagulopathy.
Dapsone (DPS) is a bacteriostatic antibiotic that has a potent anti-inflammatory effect.
Thus, this mini-review aimed to elucidate the potential role of DPS in mitigating inflammatory
disorders in COVID-19 patients. DPS inhibits neutrophil myeloperoxidase, inflammation, and neutrophil
chemotaxis. Therefore, DPS could be effective against neutrophilia-induced complications
in COVID-19. In addition, DPS could be effective in mitigating inflammatory and oxidative stress
disorders by suppressing the expression of inflammatory signaling pathways and the generation of
reactive oxygen species (ROS) correspondingly. In conclusion, DPS might be effective in the management
of COVID-19 through the attenuation of inflammatory disorders. Therefore, preclinical
and clinical studies are reasonable in this regard.
Vitamin D Activates miR-126a-5p to Target GSK-3β and Alleviates
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in MRL/LPR Mice
Authors: Zou Min-Shu , Song Qiu-Ju , Yin Tai-Yong , Xu Hong-Tao , Nie Guo-Ming
Published: March 2023

Background:

The etiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is complex, and the
disease is thus difficult to cure. In this regard, it has been established that SLE patients are characterized
by differing levels of vitamin D-hydroxylation; however, the direct effects of vitamin D
(VitD) in these patients remain unknown.

Objective:

Therefore, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of action of VitD in the context
of SLE.

Methods:

The effects of VitD on MRL/LPR mice were studied by synthesizing glycogen synthase
kinase-3β (GSK-3β)-interfering lentiviruses and transfecting with miR-126a-5p mimics. Changes
in the body weight of mice were recorded for 6 weeks. Western blotting was performed to determine
the levels of T-bet, GATA3, and GSK-3β protein expression, and qRT-PCR was performed
to determine the levels of miR-126a-5p and GSK-3β mRNA expression. ELISA was performed to
determine the levels of ANA, dsDNA, and snRNP/Sm in mice serum.

Results:

GSK-3β and miR-126a-5p were expressed at high and low levels, respectively, in
MRL/LPR mice. VitD (30 ng/kg) was found to reduce the expression of GSK-3β and increase
miR-126a-5p expression, which targets GSK-3β. T-bet and GATA3 were found to be positively
regulated by miR-126a-5p and VitD and negatively regulated by GSK-3β. The body weight of
mice was not altered by VitD. ANA, dsDNA, and snRNP/Sm were positively regulated by miR-
126a-5p and VitD and negatively regulated by GSK-3β. The effects of GSK-3β were enhanced in
response to the inhibition of miR-126a-5p expression.

Conclusion:

VitD upregulated miR-126a-5p to target GSK-3β expression, thereby alleviating the
SLE in MRL/LPR mice.
Targeting Hepatic Stellate Cell Death to Reverse Hepatic Fibrosis
Authors: Zhang Xiangting , Zeng Yuan , Zhao Luying , Xu Qian , Miao Dan , Yu Fujun
Published: March 2023

To date, the incidence and mortality of chronic liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular
carcinoma due to the continued progression of hepatic fibrosis are increasing annually.
Unfortunately, although a large number of studies have exhibited that some drugs have great potential
for anti-fibrosis in animal and clinical trials, no specific anti-fibrosis drugs have been developed,
and there is no better treatment for advanced cirrhosis than liver transplantation. It is a prevailing
viewpoint that hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), as the mainstay of extracellular matrix secretion,
are of great concern in the development of hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, targeting HSCs becomes
extremely important to confront hepatic fibrosis. As previous studies described, inhibition
of HSC activation and proliferation, induction of HSC death, and restoration of HSC quiescence
are effective in reversing hepatic fibrosis. This review focuses on the current status of research on
the treatment of hepatic fibrosis by inducing HSC death and elucidates the HSC death modes in detail
and the crosstalk between them.
Valsartan Protects in High Fat Diet During Ischemic Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Singh Nirmal , Kaur Simrat , Kumar Kuldeep , Jaggi Amteshwar Singh
Published: March 2023

Aim:

The study investigates the effect of Valsartan, an Angiotensin II type 1 receptor
blocker (ARB), on the blunted neuroprotective response of ischemic post-conditioning (iPoCo) in
rats subjected to High Fat Diet (HFD).

Background:

The neuroprotective response of iPoCo is blunted in conditions of vascular endothelial
dysfunction (ED) associated with hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, hypertension, etc.

Objectives:

The study was undertaken to investigate the effect of Valsartan, an ARB, on the blunted
neuroprotective response of iPoCo in rats subjected to HFD.

Methods:

Wistar rats were subjected to HFD for 56 days. The cerebral ischemic injury was induced
by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) for 12 min followed by reperfusion
of 24 hrs. iPoCo was induced by three preceding cycles of ischemia and reperfusion lasting 1 min
each given immediately after BCCAO at the onset of prolonged reperfusion. The extent of the injury
was assessed in terms of memory impairment using the Morris Water Maze test (MWM), sensorimotor
disturbance using the neurological severity score (NSS), and cerebral infarct size using
triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining. Series of biochemical estimations including brain thiobarbituric
acid reactive species (TBARS); reduced glutathione (GSH); myeloperoxidase (MPO); tumor
necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); Nrf-2 and serum cholesterol, serum nitrite levels were performed.

Results:

BCCAO produced significant cerebral injury indicated by increased cerebral infarct size,
memory impairment, increased NSS, and various biochemical alterations (increased cholesterol,
TBARS, MPO, TNF-α, Nrf-2, and decreased nitrite and GSH levels). Significant neutrophil infiltration
was also observed. iPoCo attenuated BCCAO-induced injury with respect to the above parameters
in normal rats. The protective response of iPoCo was lost in HFD-treated rats. Treatment
of Valsartan attenuated cerebral injury, potentiated the neuroprotective response of iPoCo in normal
rats, and also restored the blunted neuroprotective effect of iPoCo in HFD-treated rats along
with enhanced Nrf-2 levels.

Conclusion:

Valsartan exerted a neuroprotective effect by virtue of its multiple actions with a crucial
role of Nrf2 activation.
Effects of Xuezhikang versus Pravastatin on Triglyceride Level in Patients
with T2DM and Dyslipidemia: Study Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized
Controlled Trial
Authors: Xu Jin , Zhu Liyuan , Xie Yingying , Zhang Miao , Xiao Zixi , Su Rongkai , Wen Tie , Liu Ling
Published: March 2023

Background:

Hypertriglyceridemia, is commonly found in patients with diabetes. Xuezhikang,
an extract of red yeast rice, is effective in reducing cardiovascular events in Chinese patients with
diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD). Xuezhikang has been reported to significantly decrease the
level of triglycerides (TG), a potential causal risk factor for myocardial infarction. On the basis of a
similar reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, this study will evaluate the effect of xuezhikang
on TG levels compared with pravastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and
dyslipidemia.

Methods:

This is an open-label, multicenter, randomized controlled study to assess the effects of
xuezhikang (1.2 g/day) and pravastatin (20 mg/day) on TG and other blood lipid parameters in patients
with T2DM and dyslipidemia. A total of 114 patients will be enrolled and randomly assigned 1:1 to
receive xuezhikang or pravastatin treatment for 6 weeks.

Result:

The primary outcome measure is the change from baseline in fasting TG levels after 6 weeks.
The change from baseline in other fasting and postprandial lipid parameters, and glucose profiles at 1, 2,
and 4 h after a nutritious breakfast will also be explored.

Conclusion:

This study will evaluate the effect of a 6-week treatment with xuezhikang compared with
pravastatin on fasting and postprandial TG levels and other blood lipid parameters in patients with
T2DM and dyslipidemia without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The results will provide
more information on optimizing the lipid control of patients with diabetes in the primary prevention
of ASCVD.

Trial Registration:

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100046704. Registered 27 May 2021.
Various Techniques for Molecular and Rapid Detection of Infectious and
Epidemic Diseases
Authors: Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam , Sun Wenli
Published: March 2023

Polymerase chain reaction is an approach to make numerous copies of specific DNA.
PCR has been applied for the investigation of infectious sicknesses caused by viral, protozoan, bacterial,
fungal, or other infectious factors. This review manuscript aims to survey the usage of PCR,
LAMP, RPA, and RAA in rapid detection and highlight molecular detection of various diseases and
pathogens. Scientific sources like Science Direct, PubMed, Research gate, Scopus, and Google
Scholar with highlighting on Science Direct and Scopus have been applied. A review of the literature
was prepared by using the keywords PCR, LAMP, infectious disease, pathogen, RAA, RPA,
and virus. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a nucleic acid amplification method
presenting the substitute to PCR. The LAMP assay is more rapid than nested PCR, is cost-efficient,
and is simple to perform. LAMP technology has been widely used for the detection of crop pests,
human pathogenic, pathogenic, organisms, bacteria, and components in meat products. Recombinase
polymerase amplification (RPA) is a new isothermal technique to amplify the DNA as well
as RPA. RPA combined the advantages of isothermal PCR with clarity and rapid amplification. Recombinase-
aided amplification (RAA) assay has been successfully applied in the detection of bacterial
and viral pathogens and controls the technical problems posed by DNA amplification techniques
because it does not require thermal denaturation of the template and utilizes at a debilitated
and continuous temperature. This manuscript has highlighted the importance of PCR and molecular
detection as significant tools in the detection of infectious organisms, pathogens, toxins, and biological
research.
Current Progress in Targeting Telomere and Telomerase Enzymes for the
Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Garg Aakriti , Khan Imran , Nidhi  , Khan Mohd. Ashif
Published: March 2023

Telomere is the repetitive sequence of non-coding DNA that protects chromosomes from
damage. However, with cell division, the length of the telomere gets shortened ultimately leading to
cell senescence. Telomere shortening is compensated by the addition of telomeric sequence by telomerase
enzyme and thus preventing senescence which may lead to abnormal cell growth and ultimately
result in cancer. There might not be a direct effect of telomerase on carcinogenesis, however, the role of
telomerase in maintaining the length of telomere and thus tumor growth progression is quite evident.
Various studies have reported the significance of telomerase activity in tumor cells. Therefore, targeting
the telomerase enzyme can be an effective approach for the management of cancer, and drugs targeting
telomerase inhibition are possible therapeutic candidates to be used clinically for the treatment of cancer
in the future. Thus, in the current paper, we aim to review various telomerase inhibitors against cancer,
challenges in proposing telomerase inhibitors for the treatment of cancer, and future perspectives
on developing telomerase inhibitors for the management of cancer.
An Empirical Selection of Wavelet for Near-lossless Medical Image
Compression
Authors: Palanisamy Kalavathi , Viswanathan Punitha
Published: March 2023

Wavelets are defined as mathematical functions that segment the data into different frequency levels. We can easily capture the fine and coarse
details of an image or signal referred to as a subband. And it also helps in subband thresholding to achieve good compression performance. In
recent days in telemedicine services, the handling of medical images is prominently increasing and it leads to the demand for medical image
compression. While compressing the medical images, we have to concentrate on the data that holds important information, and at the same time, it
must retain the image quality. Near-Lossless compression plays an essential role to achieve a better compression ratio than lossy compression and
provides better quality than lossless compression. In this paper, we analyzed the sub-banding of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) using
different types of wavelets and made an optimal selection of wavelets for subband thresholding to attain a good compression performance with an
application to medical images. We used Set Partitioning In Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) compression scheme to test the compression performance
of different wavelets. The Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Bits Per Pixel (BPP), Compression Ratio, and percentage of number of zeros are
used as metrics to assess the performance of all the selected wavelets. And to find out its efficiency in possessing the essential information of
medical images, the subband of the selected wavelets is further utilized to devise the near-lossless compression scheme for medical images.
Naphthofuran Derivative BF4, a New Potent SIRT1 Activator, Regulates
Lipid Metabolism in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via the SIRT1-AMPK Pathway
Authors: Gao Jian , Li Fan , Huang Ye , Li Shihao , Lin Qisi
Published: March 2023

Aim:

Our previously reported naphthofuran derivative BF4, identified as a potent silent
information regulator 1 (SIRT1) activator, could alleviate high glucose stimulating apoptosis and
inflammation response in human renal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells.

Introduction:

In this study, the underlying effects of BF4 on lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
were investigated.

Methods:

The effects of BF4 on pre-adipocyte differentiation and adipocyte lipolysis were studied
using oil red O staining and quantitative glycerol and triglyceride content assay kits. Moreover, the
molecular mechanism of BF4 on adipogenesis and lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was investigated
by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting analysis.

Results:

We found that compound BF4 significantly decreased adipogenesis and lipid accumulation
and inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes into adipocytes. Moreover, compound
BF4 decreased the expressions of several key regulators in adipocyte differentiation, including
C/EBPβ and PPARγ, and their downstream lipogenesis targets via the activation of the SIRT1/
AMPK pathway.

Conclusion:

Our results demonstrated that the novel SIRT1 activator BF4 might be a potent candidate
for regulating lipid metabolism.
Recent Progress in Maritime Rainfall Noise
Authors: Du Libin , Li Huming , Lu Yuming , Wang Lei , Ma Lu , Liu Shu , Lv Zhichao
Published: March 2023

:

The acoustic radiation generated by underwater marine rainfallis an important component of marine ambient noise, which is an interfering background for various hydroacoustic equipment and directly affects the performance of hydroacoustic equipment. At the same time, marine environmental noise is rich in marine information, and underwater noise from rainfall can reflect features such as rainfall intensity, raindrop particle size distribution, and wind-induced angle of entry. This paper studies the latest research progress in this field, presenting three main elements: the sound generation mechanism of individual raindrops, the research on underwater noise from rainfall, and marine rainfall noise intensity inversion. The study of underwater noise generated by rainfall can provide theoretical support for underwater noise field forecasting and marine environment monitoring and provide a reference for improving sonar performance.
Surface Modification of β-MnO2 Nanorods as Nanolubricant
Authors: Attia Yasser A. , El-Ghannam Gamal
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Nanolubricants are substances that use nanoparticles as lubricant additives. The proposal for wear reduction has piqued interest in nanolubricants. Particle agglomeration is the main drawback of using nanomaterials as lubricating oil additives, and creating novel nanolubricants is one of the most difficult challenges.

Objective:

Evaluation of the nano β-MnO2 nanorods as nanoadditives for enhancing lubricating oil characteristics.

Methods:

After producing β-MnO2 nanorods by a modified hydrothermal process, oleic acid was used to modify their surfaces. Next, the physical and tribological characteristics of lubricating oil before and after the addition of nanoadditives were assessed.

Results:

The physical parameters of lubricating oil, including flash point, pour point, thermal stability, antiwear ability, and viscosity, were all improved by varying concentrations of surface-modified MnO2 nanorods by rates 8.19%, 50%, 63.04%, 10.9%, 8.96% at 40ºC and 4.18% at 100ºC, respectively. The findings demonstrate that the shear strain is reduced and an anti-wear boundary coating is created as a result of the deposition of nanoparticles produced by tribochemical reaction products during the friction process.

Conclusion:

The development of a protective film using nanoadditives improves lubricant requirements, ushering in a revolution in the lubricant industry.
PUPC-GANs: A Novel Image Conversion Model using Modified
CycleGANs in Healthcare
Authors: Taneja Shweta , Suri Bhawna , Kumar Aman , Chowdhry Ashish , Kumar Harsh , Dwivedi Kautuk
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT)
both have their areas of specialty in the medical imaging world. MRI is considered to be a safer
modality as it exploits the magnetic properties of the hydrogen nucleus. Whereas a CT scan uses
multiple X-rays, which is known to contribute to carcinogenesis and is associated with affecting
the patient's health.

Methods:

In scenarios, such as radiation therapy, where both MRI and CT are required for medical
treatment, a unique approach to getting both scans would be to obtain MRI and generate a CT
scan from it. Current deep learning methods for MRI to CT synthesis purely use either paired data
or unpaired data. Models trained with paired data suffer due to a lack of availability of wellaligned
data.

Results:

Training with unpaired data might generate visually realistic images, although it still
does not guarantee good accuracy. To overcome this, we proposed a new model called PUPCGANs
(Paired Unpaired CycleGANs), based on CycleGANs (Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks).

Conclusion:

This model is capable of learning transformations utilizing both paired and unpaired
data. To support this, a paired loss is introduced. Comparing MAE, MSE, NRMSE, PSNR, and
SSIM metrics, PUPC-GANs outperform CycleGANs.
New Stars are Born
Authors: Popoviciu Dan Răzvan
Published: March 2023

Another valuable target is at our ease. The two gas giants of the Solar System, Jupiter
and Saturn, host their mini-systems of various-sized moons. Among these, the four
Galilean moons (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) and Titan are the largest.
While all these moons can be settled, they do not have enough light and heat to allow
terraformation. The way to change this is by helioforming the two gas giants. Turning
Jupiter and Saturn into mini-stars would efficiently thaw the major moons, creating
atmospheres, hydrospheres and landmasses needed for life seeding.
Once triggered, the process might be even faster than on Mars. At the same time, some
engineering effort is needed to correct the rotation rate of these tidally-locked worlds
and ensure full human habitability.
The Edges of the System
Authors: Popoviciu Dan Răzvan
Published: March 2023

The Outer Solar System is an enormous region, offering plenty of potential living space
and valuable resources for humankind. It comprises Uranus and Neptune with their
moon systems, myriads of trans-Neptunian dwarf planets and planetoids including
Pluto, Charon, Eris etc. and putative planetary or substellar-sized objects.
The most feasible approach for ice giant planets seems to be helioformation, followed
by terraforming and colonizing their moons, using methods similar to those that should
be employed on Jupiter and Saturn.
Since many other celestial bodies are too far from any light source, turning them into
habitable worlds requires altering their orbit. While such a process requires a carefully planned and sustained effort, it would be made easier by the low mass of these
planetoids.
Ethical Issues
Authors: Popoviciu Dan Răzvan
Published: March 2023

Space settlement, while drawing much support from public opinion, also has its critics.
They bring various counterarguments, from the need to "fix” Earth’s problems first to
the use of nuclear explosives and military devices, which might go against international
treaties. However, the main argument is the desire to preserve eventual life forms,
including microscopic ones, that might be encountered in the C.
Here, we argue that the highest likelihood is that of life scarcity in our Universe. Life
forms are, most probably, rare, usually microbial and living in environmental niches
which would not be affected by terraforming. Intelligent life should be even much
scarcer.
Furthermore, we argue that space expansion is not just a desire but an imperative for
preserving and growing our species and our entire Biosphere. 
New Worlds: Colonizing Planets, Moons and Beyond
Authors: Popoviciu Dan Răzvan
Published: March 2023

Terraforming is the process of modifying a planet, moon, or other body to a more habitable atmosphere, temperature, or ecology. The idea of terraforming or colonizing other planets has recently become a topic of intense scientific interest and public debate. Geoengineering and terraforming, at their core, have the same goal: to enhance or revive the ability of a specific environment to support human life, society, and industry.

New Worlds: Colonizing Planets, Moons and Beyond examines extra-terrestrial colonization plans with a critical eye. The ten chapters of the book provide a detailed review of the demographic and economic reasons behind this space imperative, technical and ecological solutions to improve the settlement of our own planet, enhancements of our current space industry. The book also covers interesting topics such as the terraformation of Mars, the moon, and other planets like Venus, colonizing the outer solar system (and beyond), and the ethical considerations in favor of space expansion. This simple, yet informative treatise is an essential read for anyone interested in the subject of space colonization
Infection Control in Pediatric Dentistry
Authors: Goyal Prachi , Sakhare Dhanashree
Published: March 2023

Centres for disease control and prevention (CDC) has developed a
framework for healthcare personnel and healthcare systems for the delivery of non emergent care. Infection control is important in dentistry because patient saliva may be
contaminated with oral commensal and opportunistic pathogens. In addition, it can
harbour specific pathogens during infection as well as during the carrier state, including
SARS-CoV-2. Due to the nature of the dental procedures, exposure to the blood and
saliva aerosols is unavoidable. Direct contact with fluid-contaminated environmental
surfaces, instruments and equipment is also a potential source of pathogen
transmission. In a dental practice, the dentist, dental assistant, instrument processing
and administration staff, as well as the patients, are at risk of transmission of infections.
Dental laboratory staff members are also at risk due to the cross-contamination
between the clinic and the laboratory. In addition, it can be extended to their families if
the infection control measures are not taken correctly. Therefore, historically step by
step infection control measures have been recommended by the CDC and countries
across the globe have drawn up individual country-specific guidelines.
Isolation Techniques in Pediatric Dentistry
Authors: Sakhare Dhanashree , Goyal Prachi
Published: March 2023

Isolation of the operating field is a fundamental aspect of pediatric dentistry.
The complexity of the oral environment presents many obstacles to performing dental
treatment procedures. To minimize them, proper isolation is required to control the
operating field as well as provide safe and quality treatment [1]. A rubber dam is
considered the optimum isolation technique due to several advantages, such as
providing an aseptic environment, minimizing the potential risk of transferring
infective microbes between the operator and the patient, and preventing any ingestion
or aspiration of dental instruments during a dental procedure [2]. Children may feel that
the treatment takes place outside of their mouth. Nevertheless, children indeed tolerate
longer treatments once the rubber dam has been applied. Other techniques such as
cotton rolls and saliva ejectors are routinely used in paediatric dentistry besides rubber
dams due to their ease of usage.
Space Management
Authors: Raghunath Reddy M.H. , Chandra H. Sharath , Thankachan Clins
Published: March 2023

Deciduous teeth play a significant role in the normal development of
occlusion, as a guide for the eruption of permanent successors. Early loss of deciduous
teeth in the primary and mixed dentition stage alters the integrity of dental arches and is
one of the main causes of malocclusion in permanent dentition. Management of space
created by early loss of the deciduous tooth is important to prevent or intercept
malocclusion, either by eliminating the need for orthodontic correction in future or to
reduce the complexity of correction in permanent dentition. Hence, the role of
paediatric dentistry is immense in space management as a part of managing developing
dentition and occlusion in comprehensive oral health care of children. 
MENTAL PREPARATION WOMEN AT HIGH-RISK PREGNANCY
Authors:   Department of Midwifery Medicine Faculty, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Marlinawati Iin
Published: March 2023

Background: Pregnancy becomes risk period in woman’s life which need to make adjustment in physical and psychological. Improper handling can cause serious problem. Women need to be readiness before entry to next phase become a mother. Objective: To reveal about mental readiness of pregnant women at high-risk pregnancy. Method: This paper was review which supported by literature review from PubMed, Medline and Cinahl database research published journal from 2017-2021 which talk about pregnant women at high-risk during pregnancy and the fetus. Results: 15-20% of pregnancies are high risk; pregnancies are complicated by the presence of a high risk or serious condition that affects the outcome of the mother and the fetuses. Women with high-risk pregnancies had 5.2x greater anxiety than women with low-risk pregnancies. High-risk pregnancies require more intensive or frequent treatments. Mental preparations need to be supported by many supporting system and holistic interventions. Conclusion: High-risk pregnancy and childbirth are two risk factors associated with anxiety during pregnancy. The mental preparation of pregnant women needs to be supported with adequate mental health to minimize adverse outcomes, maintain normal social relationshop and interactions, physical activity, oriented interventions to bring better quality of preparation. Keywords: mental, high-risk pregnancy, childbirth.