bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Extent to Which Contracting Companies in Kuwait Comply with International Accounting Standards from the Point of View of the Internal Auditors
Authors: Aldaihani Hussein Shabab , Almarri Mohammad H J , Alduwaila Nabi
Published: February 2018

The study aims to demonstrate the degree to which contracting companies in Kuwait comply with the requirements of IAS 11 in terms of applying accounting disclosure requirements and applying the requirements for recognition of revenues and expenses of construction contracts. The study group consists of Kuwaiti contracting companies in the first category. The sample of the study consisted of accountants and internal auditors in contracting companies. The contracting companies in the State of Kuwait apply the requirements of accounting disclosure for construction contracts in accordance with the requirements of International Standard No. 11, and the contracting companies in the State of Kuwait apply the requirements for recognition of the revenues and expenses of construction contracts in accordance with the requirements of International Standard No. 11. The most recommendations: The necessity of contracting companies in the State of Kuwait to disclose the methods used to determine the level of completion of construction contracts under implementation, which helps in the application of full disclosure of construction contracts in addition to the possibility of integration of information elements of the financial statements. And the contracting companies to disclose the total amounts due to customers for the work of construction contracts as an asset within assets.
The Effeminized Hero or Authorial Projection: Charlotte Bronte’s The Professor
Authors: Mohammed Mahameed
Published: February 2018

Charlotte Bronte in most of her novels, as suggested by Gilbert and Guber, in The Mad Woman in the Attic (1979), has worked out a vision of an indeterminate, usually female figure (who has often come “from the kitchen or some such place”) trapped—even buried—in the architecture of a patriarchal society and imagining, dreaming or actually devising escape routes, roads past walls, lawns, antlers, to the glittering world outside. Like Charlotte Bronte, many nineteenth century women almost wrote in “a state of “trance”, about their feelings of enclosure in “feminine” roles and patriarchal households. And wrote, too, about their passionate desire to flee such roles or houses” (313).
Values Education and Physical Education in Turkey
Authors: Gorgut Ilyas
Published: February 2018

In the 21st century, science and technology have led to so many negative situations as well as positive developments for humanity. These negativities also affect human beings in a very intense way and in a natural result of this, people affect other’s livings negatively. The general belief that the decelerating the events, actions and moral corruptions which lead to missing the peace of communities and the abolition of this negative situation will be ensured only by the development of the values which the individual possesses. Also states are taking precautions and making plans for this issue. So, value education in many countries has recorded a rapid acceleration in recent years. In Turkey, there are also some sections which have theoretical course curriculum and some scientific activities about values. However, it is considered that development in value and value education concepts are not enough and the applied courses such as physical education and sports, which aim to improve the individual as a whole, do not take place as much as within the scope of value education. For this reason, it is aimed to establish a point of view in the light of the works done in the Turkish science literature and the activities carried out by the related stakeholders for value education. Research was prepared as a document analysis form. Resources related to the physical education and value education in Turkey were collected and general evaluations were made through the obtained data and finally some suggestions were made.
An Exploratory Study on the Relationship between Creativity and Processing Speed for Gifted Children
Authors: Bahar Abdulkadir , Ozturk Mehmet Ali
Published: February 2018

This study explored the relationship between processing speed and five dimensions of creativity, which were fluency, originality, elaboration, abstractness of titles, and resistance to premature closure (RPC). It is the first empirical study that examines this relationship, also relating it to gender and level of giftedness. Data came from 133 gifted students at grades one through four in three private schools in Istanbul, Turkey. Creativity was measured through the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking – Figural. Scores from the Coding subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children were used as the data on processing speed. The findings showed that girls had significantly higher scores in processing speed, elaboration, abstractness of titles, and RPC. There were no significant differences in fluency and originality. While fluency and originality were the only two subscores correlated with processing speed for boys (both positively correlated), four subscores were correlated with processing speed for girls (all four negatively correlated). Girls had higher processing speed scores in the group of low giftedness, but not in the group of high giftedness. A distinct finding about the boys of high giftedness was the high positive interrelationships among originality, fluency, and processing speed, which were not there for boys of low giftedness or girls of high giftedness. With its findings, the study supports some of the previous explanations around the topic, and generates new hypotheses to be tested experimentally.
Do Ownership Gender Diversity and Size Matter? A Focus on Intellectual Capital Performance
Authors: Chiucchi Maria Serena , Giuliani Marco , Poli Simone
Published: February 2018

The study investigates whether ownership gender diversity and size impact on intellectual capital performance of Italian SMEs. The investigation is carried out through cross-sectional OLS analysis. The intellectual capital performance, the dependent variable, is measured through VAICTM. The ownership gender diversity and size, the independent variables, are measured through a gender diversity index and the number of owners, respectively. The findings show that both gender diversity and size negatively impact on intellectual capital performance. They also show that size tends to moderate the effect of gender diversity on intellectual capital performance.
The Influence of “Euro-Leaf” Logo on Consumers’ Choices: The Italian Case of Branded and Private Label Food Products
Authors: Morrone Domenico , Schena Rosamartina
Published: February 2018

The eco-labels in food products is an increasing presence to underline a particular attention to sustainability issues by producers and, recently, also by retailers, through their private labels (PLs). In the last years there has been a proliferation of eco-labels, generating sometimes a real confusion in consumers’ mind. Nevertheless, some of them could be really considered as a decisive factor to influence the purchasing process. It could be possible to affirm that they acquired a real “power”, producing a tangible effect on consumers’ behaviour. The present work is an attempt to calculate the effectiveness of one of the most well-known eco-label, “Euro-leaf”, that indicates products coming from organic farming. The aim of the analysis is to evaluate its incidence in the choices related to food proposals. In particular, the latter have been considered in a double way, exploring the different categories among branded and PL offers, in the continuous challenge between these two branding policies in the retail sector. Therefore, to carry out the research, the methodology adopted has been the diffusion of a questionnaire to a wide sample. More of 1.000 Italian consumers have been reached using an on line platform, shaping a stratified sample. The data elaboration shows a final result where the euro-leaf logo is able to have the same positive influence on buying propensity related both to branded and PL products. Observing the dimension of this influence, valid information are provided for practitioners and researchers to highlight a market trend where all the potentials have not yet been expressed.
Marketing Approaching for the Standards of Approved Textbooks in Study Plans of Jordanian Universities
Authors: Abu-Jalil Mohammad Mansour
Published: February 2018

The present study aimed at identifying the extent of the existence of marketing approaching for the Standards of Approved textbooks in study plans of Jordanian Universities. The sample consisted of (232) staff members. The descriptive, analytical method, and (T-Test) were used for the dual comparisons in testing the hypotheses. Results showed that there was marketing approaching in the four standards (General standards in the marketing of approved textbooks, the publisher responsibility variable, Standards concerning the rights and responsibilities of the parties who are involved in the exchange of approved textbooks, standards variable which is related to the elements of marketing mix of the approved textbooks) for the accredited textbooks in Jordanian universities study plans. In light of the findings, it was recommended that special emphasis should be given to commitment of publishers "textbooks distributors" by the general standards of textbooks marketing.
Gender Inequality in Wage Rate in Indonesia
Authors: Sridadi Ahmad Rizki , Prihantono Gigih
Published: February 2018

Education is an indicator of advanced development, as education produces high quality human resources. However, the existence of gender gap in society causes low participation of women in education compared to men. This phenomenon happens due to various factors such as government policy, socio-economic, and culture. As such, this study aims to estimate the rate of return of gender-based school in Indonesia using Mincer earnings function. This study uses database Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 4 and 5. The two-step Heckman model of ordinary least square (OLS) is used for data analysis. The findings of this study are as follows. First, return to schooling is higher for male than female, for both service and manufacturing industries. Second, years of schooling, years of schooling interaction with manufacturing industril, years of schooling interaction with in service industril, the squared years of schooling interaction with manufacturing industril, the squared years of schooling interaction with service industril, gender interaction with service industril, gender interaction with manufacturing industril and urban/rural location are significantly influence return to schooling. While, squared years of schooling is not significantly influence return to schooling.
Health Consciousness and Brand Equity in the Carbonated Soft Drink Industry in Sri Lanka
Authors: Thusyanthy Vadivelu
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this study is to assess the degree of health consciousness and customer based brand equity, and this study aims to consider further the impact of health consciousness on customer based brand equity by using the health belief model theory and brand value concept in the carbonated soft drink industry in Sri Lanka. A total of 338 usable data were collected from undergraduate students at universities in Sri Lanka. In analyzing the empirical data one sample t-test and simple linear regression analysis were used. The results show that the degree of health consciousness and customer based brand equity are in low level and moderate level, respectively, whilst health consciousness has significant positive impact on customer based brand equity. The findings of this study regarding the levels of health consciousness and customer based brand equity and the impact of health consciousness on customer based brand equity have important implications for marketing managers in the carbonated soft drink industry in Sri Lanka.
An Exploratory Approach of the Mission Statement: Case of Saudi Arabia Business Schools
Authors: Alolayan Fahad Saleh , Ragmoun Wided , Saidi Hanene
Published: February 2018

Many studies on mission statements have applied one of three perspectives, those of components, stakeholders, and objectives, in their content analysis studies. This current study analyzed the mission statements of Saudi business schools by using the three perspectives together.  Data were collected from 22 Saudi business schools’ mission statements. The results show that Saudi business schools’ mission statements are not well formulated, given that the majority of mission statements' objectives are totally absent, and the components and stakeholders are moderately mentioned in the studied missions. Drawing upon the three aforementioned perspectives, the results of this study provide business schools with valuable guidance to formulate accurate and effective mission statements.
An Empirical Study of Female E-shopper’s Satisfaction with Cosmetic Products in China
Authors: Xin Ya , Yang Shaohua
Published: February 2018

This study investigated the factors affecting female e-shopper’s satisfaction with cosmetic products. Particularly it focuses on the online purchasing of cosmetics by female e-shoppers in five northwestern provinces in China. Previous literature claimed that price, quality and delivery speed of cosmetics have a profound impact on customer’s online shopping satisfaction. Through comparison with physical stores’ performance, price differences between online and offline, quality of products and delivery time help us understand the changes in e-shopper buying behavior. To bridge a gap in the current literature, we attempted to investigate which factor is most important to female e-shopper’s satisfaction when they purchase cosmetic products online in China. We adopted a quantitative method in study. Factors analysis and reliability testing was conducted via SPSS. Our analysis indicated that price consciousness is the most influential factor in female e-shopper’s satisfaction. Based on our findings and insights in this study, it suggested that if the online sellers can further adjust the price of cosmetic products or have regular online promotions, it will attract more consumers. In addition, online stores and suppliers should reach an agreement on small profits with quick turnover, thus achieving the dual interests of buyers and sellers. Several policy implications of female e-shopper’s satisfaction with cosmetic products are discussed as well. Through our research, this study further provided conceptual basis for the study of Chinese consumers’ online buying behavior.
Understanding the Influence of CEO Tenure and CEO Reputation on Corporate Reputation: An Exploratory Study in Italy
Authors: Conte Francesca
Published: February 2018

The study aims at investigating the main activities of corporate reputation in which CEOs are actively engaged, focusing also on the influence of CEOs tenure on their commitment in reputation management. Moreover, the paper analyzes the CEO’s view on the relation between CEO reputation and company’s reputation. Through a structured questionnaire, a web survey has been carried out addressing CEOs of large companies located in Italy and included in the report of Mediobanca. Findings highlight a relevant CEO commitment in corporate reputation management, above all in leadership, performance and workplace activities. Long-tenured CEOs tend to be more involved in managing firm’s reputation, than short-tenured CEOs. The study also shows CEOs are aware that their reputation are increasingly intertwined with the corporate reputation. The paper supports the strategic leadership perspective, contributing to the ongoing debate on CEO reputation. The influence of CEOs’ good name on company’s reputation stimulates them, and communication managers, to create an effective CEOs’ brand. The paper is the first study that provides empirical evidence on the increasing importance of CEO’s role in Italian large companies, and it can be viewed as a starting point for future cross-country comparison.
Influence of Viral Marketing Dimensions on Customer Satisfaction in Fast Food Restaurants in Jordan
Authors: Muala Ayed Al
Published: February 2018

This study mainly aims to investigate the impact of viral marketing dimensions, namely, promotion, brand awareness, trust and brand association on customer satisfaction in fast food restaurants in Jordan. The researcher used a questionnaire survey to elicit data from the participants. A total of 159 questionnaires were distributed over several fast food restaurants in Jordan, particularly in Zarqa city. Analyses were carried out in Statistical Package for Social Sciences, where reliability analysis, descriptive statistics and regression analyses were performed. The results illustrated that brand awareness, trust and brand association have direct positive impact on customer satisfaction in fast food restaurants in Jordan, whereas, promotion has no direct positive impact.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Politics and Law, Vol. 11, No. 1
Authors: Tai William
Published: February 2018

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Politics and Law, Vol. 11, No. 1, 2018.
Diferencias conceptuales entre publicidad y propaganda: una aproximación etimológica
Authors: Méndiz Noguero Alonso
Published: February 2018

La confusión entre publicidad y propaganda tiene visos de perpetuarse en la discusión académica: unos consideran sinónimos ambos vocablos, otros prefieren expresiones genéricas que eludan la diferenciación conceptual (“comunicación persuasiva de masas”) y otros entienden que el primero se refiere sólo al ámbito comercial y el segundo, al ideológico. La investigación etimológica – perspectiva recientemente recuperada en comunicación– puede proporcionar elementos para una clarificación nocional de ambos términos. Así, veremos que el concepto original francés (publicité) nace en el ámbito jurídico, como sinónimo de notoriedad, y sólo después adquiere su significación comercial.
Publicidad encubierta: la información que vende
Authors: Labio Aurora
Published: February 2018

La diferencia entre periodismo y publicidad  parece una  cuestión que no plantea,  en principio,  ninguna  duda.  Mientras  la comunicación pe­ riodística persigue una finalidad  social, la publicitaria  busca un objetivo eco­ nómico  a través del consumo.  Sin  embargo, la complejidad  de la  empresa informativa está provocando cierta confusión entre los límites que separan a ambas actividades. Los grupos de comunicación son hoy en día corporaciones que no sólo se pliegan a los grandes anunciantes,  sino que poseen negocios que necesitan promocionar para fomentar  sus intereses. De esta manera, la infor­ mación  se convierte en un  instrumento  útil para  dar a conocer productos y ramificaciones multimedia de la compañía.  El mensaje periodístico pierde así su función pública para transformarse en publicidad  encubierta.
Els escenaris de la cultura. Formes simbóliques a l'era digital
Authors: Garrido Lora Manuel
Published: February 2018

Jordi  Busquet DuránBarcelona, Trípodos (Facultar de Comunicació 1 Blanquerna), 2005.
La huella de la publicidad. Crónica de unas marcas bien anunciadas
Authors: Hermida Congosto Alberto
Published: February 2018

Ricardo PérezCórdoba,  Almuzara, 2005
La profesión de crear
Authors: Ramos Serrano Marina
Published: February 2018

Isidoro Arroyo AlmarazMadrid,  Laberinto,  2005
La publicidad y sus complejas relaciones con el discurso científico
Authors: Medina Cambrón Alfons , Sorbías Morales Carolina , Ballano Macías Sonia
Published: February 2018

Este artículo se aproxima desde un punto de vista teórico a la compleja relación que se establece a menudo entre publicidad y ciencia. Se denuncia la utilización de una idea estereotipada sobre el conocimiento científico como sinónimo de verdad absoluta. Esta concepción de la ciencia propia del positivismo y, por tanto, completamente superada por la teoría científica, se convierte en una fuente de argumentos sugerentes para una cierta radicalización del discurso postmoderno.
Propaganda y publicidad comercial: un principio diferenciador
Authors: Pineda Cachero Antonio
Published: February 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es establecer una distinción conceptual entre la propaganda y la publicidad comercial. Frente a los enfoques centrados en los formatos mediáticos, los procedimientos de comunicación o el contenido de los mensajes, la intención comunicativa se entiende como el criterio diferenciador entre propaganda y publicidad, de lo cual se derivan otras consecuencias. Los desarrollos históricos de la propaganda y la publicidad refuerzan la idea de que las causas de la publicidad no tienen el mismo carácter transhistórico que las de la propaganda. En cualquier caso, la publicidad puede reflejar contenidos ideológicos e incluso ser instrumentalizada propagandísticamente.
Redacción publicitaria. Técnicas para aprender a crear anuncios publicitarios
Authors: Rey Juan
Published: February 2018

Raúl E. Beltrán y Cruces, México, Trillas & Eduforma, 2006
Impacts of Downtown Developments to Facilitate Environmental Sustainability and Presence of Core and Frame: A Case Study of Saddar, Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Tanveen A. Rasheed  , M. Imran Akram  , Azra Parveen Azad
Published: February 2018

A real sustainable world and a livable environment for everyone is currently needed and becoming an extraordinarily challenging task. Sustainability for whom-who benefits and who loses? The increasing environmental problems are also hampering the sustainability. The remarkable increase in population and severe food shortages has brought unprecedented burden on land.Land is considered as space, territory, location, ecosystem, reserve and human habitat above all. Land-use provides a basis for identification of different functional zones in the city thus providing a framework for shaping the internal structure of a city. The best-planned development of any area is possible when the problems of that area are well understood, well documented and closely monitored. Systematic information on land-use / land cover classes, environmental problems and the available arrangement is critically important for future planning of an area.The rationale of this study is to indicate the presence of core and frame in the downtown area of Saddar, Karachi and to examine how finished downtown developments are designed to facilitate environmental sustainability. The field inventory has been conducted to find out the functional and physical developments and sustainability of the study area. In addition the process models have been applied to find out the environmental sustainability. The results of filed investigations show that Saddar does not fulfill the requirement of any of the classical land use models. With reference to the planned development of the core area, zoning laws should be applied to place the functions properly to their respective location. The main problems should be considered as prime matters for the city planners and agencies.
VIRUSI - AKTUELNI ALIMENTARNI PATOGENI
Authors: Dimitrijević Mirjana , Ilić Nevena , Karabasil Neđeljko , Teodorović Vlado , Vasilev Dragan , Vučinić Snežana , Lausević Dejan
Published: February 2018

Virusne infekcije prenosive hranom sve se češće javljaju u mnogim delovimasveta. Procena realne zastupljenosti virusnih bolesti koje se prenose putem hraneotežana je usled neprijavljivanja infekcija i nepostojanja sveobuhvatnih sistemaza nadzor. Nekoliko grupa virusa može izazvati oboljenje ljudi nakon konzumacijekontaminirane hrane. Na osnovu simptoma infekcije, mogu se razvrstati na: onekoji izazivaju gastroenteritis (Norovirus-NoV, Rotavirus-HRV, Astrovirusi, Adenovirusii Sapovirusi), zatim one koji iz creva migriraju u jetru i uzokuju hepatitis (HepatitisA-HAV i Hepatitis E-HEV) i virusi koji se umnožavaju u crevima, a do bolestidovode jedino ako migriraju u druge organe, na primer u centralni nervni sistem(Enterovirusi). Trenutno najznačajniji alimentarni patogeni su Norovirus (NoV) iHepatitis A virus (HAV). Svi pomenuti virusi se šire fekalnom kontaminacijom, ali idirektnim kontaktom ili transmisijom virusnih čestica putem aerosola. Hrana možebiti primarno kontaminirana virusom ili naknadno tokom čitavog lanca hrane. Virusise u njoj ne razmnožavaju, ali mogu opstati duži vremenski period ili u samoj hrani,ili kao infektivne čestice u okruženju. Danas dostupna Real Time RT-PCR metoda jeglavna tehnika detekcije virusa u hrani, vodi i drugim uzorcima. Kao preventivne ikontrolne mere u sprečavanju virusnih infekcija preko hrane preporučiju se: podizanjesvesti rukovaoca hranom
MOGUĆNOST DIJAGNOSTIKE BRUCELOZE DOMAĆIH ŽIVOTINJA
Authors: Stević Nataša , Milovanović Milovan , Radojičić Sonja , Valčić Miroslav
Published: February 2018

Kada se bruceloza ustanovi u jednoj zemlji, međunarodni veterinarski propisinameću ograničenja kretanja životinja i trgovine, što dovodi do velikih ekonomskihgubitaka. Izolacija Brucella spp. konvencionalnim bakteriološkim tehnikamaje dugotrajna, rizična za laboratorijske radnike i niske osetljivosti zbog čestekontaminacije materijala. Negativna izolacija ne isključuje postojanje bruceloze.Najbolji rezultati do sada su dobijeni kombinovanjem metoda izolacije i PCR metodena kliničkim uzorcima. Nedostatak PCR metoda baziranih na razlici među sojevimaunutar vrste stimulisao je razvoj novih tehnika „otisaka prstiju
PROMJENE PROTEINA U TOKU SMRZAVANJA I SKLADI
Authors: Savanović Danica , Grujić Radoslav
Published: February 2018

Smrzavanje je jedan od najstarijih i najčešće korištenih postupaka konzervisanjamesa. Pored brojnih prednosti korištenja ovog načina konzervisanja, postupci smrzavanjamogu negativno uticati na formiranje određenih svojstava smrznutog mesa iproizvoda od mesa. Treba naglasiti da su negativni uticaji tokom smrzavanja i skladištenjamesa skoro zanemarivi u poređenju sa pozitivnim učincima.U toku smrzavanja i skladištenja proizvoda u smrznutom stanju, u proizvodu se odvijajurazličite hemijske promjene sastojaka, koje dovode do destabilizacije proteinskihgelova i emulzija i povećanog otpuštanja vode iz proizvoda tokom odmrzavanja.Najznačajnije promjene proteina u toku smrzavanja i skladištenja smrznutih proizvodasu denaturacija, oksidacija, kao i modifikacija aminokiselinskog lanca, formiranjeproteinskih polimera, smanjenje rastvorljivosti proteina, povećanje proteolitičkeaktivnosti, agregacija ili fragmentacija proteina, povećanje koncentracije karbonila.Navedene promjene povezane su sa smanjenjem funkcionalnih svojstava proteina ismanjenjem kvaliteta mesa i proizvoda od mesa nakon odmrzavanja.U ovom radu je analizirana literatura sa ciljem da se sistematizuje znanje o promjenamaproteina koje se dešavaju tokom smrzavanja i skladištenja mesa i proizvoda odmesa u smrznutom stanju i da se najnovije informacije iz ove oblasti prikažu stručnjacimau naučnim institucijama i praksi.
Recensão: Dismantling Public Policy. Preferences, Strategies and Effects [Michael W. Bauer et al., 2012, Oxford, Oxford University Press]
Authors: Araújo Luísa
Published: February 2018

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Uniões binacionais entre espanhóis e brasileiros em Espanha
Authors: Checa Juan Carlos , Arjona Ángeles
Published: February 2018

The the aim of this paper is to identify the main marriage patterns that develop between people of Spanish and Brazilian nationality. The data are obtained from Natural Population Movement (MNP). The results show that unions between nationals of Brazil residents in Spain and Spaniards are a growing phenomenon since 2005. Particularly noteworthy are the links established between Spanish and Brazilian. And homosexual unions are more prevalent among Brazilian and Spanish men than among women of both countries. Similarly, it is observed that homosexual mixed marriages from 2005 to 2010 are more heterogamous than heterosexual mixed marriages.
Não-alinhados? Jovens não utilizadores de sites de redes sociais: uma abordagem weberiana
Authors: Neves Barbara Barbosa , Rente Rita
Published: February 2018

Responding to the dominant body of research on young people and their use of social networking sites, this article analyzes narratives of non-use. Drawing on 30 interviews with young adults, we explored meanings of voluntary exclusion of digital platforms that seem to be progressively embedded in the daily life of this cohort. Findings show that non-use is diverse and transient, being deeply connected to identity(ies) and social actions. As such, we identify four types of non-users: rejecters, resisters, surrogate users, and potential converts. This typology challenges the dichotomies present in the literature around use and non-use, access and non-access, and consumption and non-consumption. We suggest and discuss the sociological perspective and “ideal type” of Max Weber as a valuable analytical approach to deconstruct such dichotomies.
Fronteiras coletivas e repertórios étnorraciais no Brasil contemporâneo
Authors: Oliveira Nuno
Published: February 2018

The article argues that ethnic policy in Brazil has changed in such a way as to adopt more assertive concepts of group belonging. Analysing affirmative action in favour of Black people in contemporary Brazil, the article discusses three differentiated repertoires with implications for the construction of collective boundaries of an ethnoracial nature, which the author calls dilution, negotiation and salience. These frameworks make it possible to organise the perception of ethnic and racial diversity. The importance of narratives of national identity in the ways these frameworks are structured is highlighted. The article also posits the need to consider the role of the state and its agents in the establishment of the legitimate codifications of belonging.
Depois dos 35 anos, quais as intenções de fecundidade dos sul-europeus?
Authors: Freitas Rita , Mendes Maria Filomena , Maciel Andreia
Published: February 2018

Because low fertility is common in Southern European countries and considering that in recent decades both men and women have been postponing their fertility projects, it is of our interest to study the determinants of reproductive decision-making. Particularly, of Southern Europeans older than 35, age from which it is considered that those who have no children, or that have only one child, have postponed their fertility projects. The findings show that negative perceptions about the situation of the country inhibit the process of having a child, specially the second one. This paper reports to the importance of considering values and perceptions of individuals about their lives and the situation of the country as predictors of fertility behaviour.
Alterations of in vivo CA1 network activity in Dp(16)1Yey Down syndrome model mice
Authors: Raveau Matthieu , Polygalov Denis , Boehringer Roman , Amano Kenji , Yamakawa Kazuhiro , McHugh Thomas J
Published: February 2018

Down syndrome, the leading genetic cause of intellectual disability, results from an extra-copy of chromosome 21. Mice engineered to model this aneuploidy exhibit Down syndrome-like memory deficits in spatial and contextual tasks. While abnormal neuronal function has been identified in these models, most studies have relied on in vitro measures. Here, using in vivo recording in the Dp(16)1Yey model, we find alterations in the organization of spiking of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, including deficits in the generation of complex spikes. These changes lead to poorer spatial coding during exploration and less coordinated activity during sharp-wave ripples, events involved in memory consolidation. Further, the density of CA1 inhibitory neurons expressing neuropeptide Y, a population key for the generation of pyramidal cell bursts, were significantly increased in Dp(16)1Yey mice. Our data refine the ‘over-suppression’ theory of Down syndrome pathophysiology and suggest specific neuronal subtypes involved in hippocampal dysfunction in these model mice.
Identification of PNG kinase substrates uncovers interactions with the translational repressor TRAL in the oocyte-to-embryo transition
Authors: Hara Masatoshi , Lourido Sebastian , Petrova Boryana , Lou Hua Jane , Von Stetina Jessica R , Kashevsky Helena , Turk Benjamin E , Orr-Weaver Terry L
Published: February 2018

The Drosophila Pan Gu (PNG) kinase complex regulates hundreds of maternal mRNAs that become translationally repressed or activated as the oocyte transitions to an embryo. In a previous paper (Hara et al., 2017), we demonstrated PNG activity is under tight developmental control and restricted to this transition. Here, examination of PNG specificity showed it to be a Thr-kinase yet lacking a clear phosphorylation site consensus sequence. An unbiased biochemical screen for PNG substrates identified the conserved translational repressor Trailer Hitch (TRAL). Phosphomimetic mutation of the PNG phospho-sites in TRAL reduced its ability to inhibit translation in vitro. In vivo, mutation of tral dominantly suppressed png mutants and restored Cyclin B protein levels. The repressor Pumilio (PUM) has the same relationship with PNG, and we also show that PUM is a PNG substrate. Furthermore, PNG can phosphorylate BICC and ME31B, repressors that bind TRAL in cytoplasmic RNPs. Therefore, PNG likely promotes translation at the oocyte-to-embryo transition by phosphorylating and inactivating translational repressors.
Fidaxomicin jams Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase motions needed for initiation via RbpA contacts
Authors: Boyaci Hande , Chen James , Lilic Mirjana , Palka Margaret , Mooney Rachel Anne , Landick Robert , Darst Seth A , Campbell Elizabeth A
Published: February 2018

Fidaxomicin (Fdx) is an antimicrobial RNA polymerase (RNAP) inhibitor highly effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNAP in vitro, but clinical use of Fdx is limited to treating Clostridium difficile intestinal infections due to poor absorption. To identify the structural determinants of Fdx binding to RNAP, we determined the 3.4 Å cryo-electron microscopy structure of a complete M. tuberculosis RNAP holoenzyme in complex with Fdx. We find that the actinobacteria general transcription factor RbpA contacts fidaxomycin, explaining its strong effect on M. tuberculosis. Additional structures define conformational states of M. tuberculosis RNAP between the free apo-holoenzyme and the promoter-engaged open complex ready for transcription. The results establish that Fdx acts like a doorstop to jam the enzyme in an open state, preventing the motions necessary to secure promoter DNA in the active site. Our results provide a structural platform to guide development of anti-tuberculosis antimicrobials based on the Fdx binding pocket.
Characterizing Adverse Events Reported Immediately After Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment
Authors: Degenhardt Brian F. , Johnson Jane C. , Brooks William J. , Norman Lisa
Published: February 2018

Context

Although adverse events in various types of manual therapy have been previously investigated, little is known about the incidence and types of adverse events that occur after osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT).

Objective

To estimate the incidence and characterize the types of adverse events that patients report after OMT and prior to leaving the office to increase the likelihood of identifying adverse events caused by OMT.

Methods

As part of a prospective study evaluating the use and effectiveness of OMT, patients assessed how they felt immediately after OMT compared with before OMT using a 5-point ordinal rating scale (much better, better, about the same, worse, much worse). For patients who indicated they felt their condition had changed, a follow-up, open-ended question asked them to describe how it had changed. Patients who felt worse or much worse were considered to have experienced an adverse event. Two reviewers independently coded the types of adverse events based on the descriptions provided by the patients. Generalized logistic regression models were used to calculate incidence rates and 95% CIs for the types of adverse events. These models were also used to calculate the ORs and 95% CIs for associations of adverse events with demographic characteristics and with individual OMT techniques after accounting for demographic characteristics.

Results

Immediately after OMT, 884 patients provided data at 1847 office visits (663 [76%] women; 794 [92%] identified as white; mean [SD] age, 51.8 [15.8] years). Patients reported they felt worse or much worse immediately after OMT at 45 office visits; the incidence rate for adverse events was 2.5% (95% CI, 1.3%-4.7%). Pain/discomfort was the most commonly identified type of adverse event (16 [0.9%]; 95% CI, 0.5%-1.6%). Insufficient information was provided to determine the type of adverse event at 20 office visits. Women reported adverse events more frequently than men (OR, 13.9; 95% CI, 1.7-115.6; P=.01).

Conclusion

The incidence of adverse events immediately after OMT, most commonly pain/discomfort, was lower than previous reports from other manual medicine disciplines. Larger studies are needed to determine the incidence of serious adverse events and to assess adverse events that occur in the days following OMT.
Influence of Transverse Process Landmark Localization on Palpation Accuracy of Lumbar Spine Models
Authors: Snider Eric J. , Pamperin Kenneth , Pazdernik Vanessa , Degenhardt Brian F.
Published: February 2018

Context

Accurate determination of transverse process displacement in the horizontal plane requires accurate transverse process landmark localization followed by accurate discrimination of asymmetry by the examiner's palpating digits.

Objective

To determine whether the accurate localization of transverse process landmarks influences overall accuracy of asymmetry determination in third-year osteopathic medical students evaluating covered lumbar spine models.

Methods

A class of third-year osteopathic medical students was split into 2 groups and asked to determine whether the right transverse processes of covered lumbar spine models were anterior or posterior relative to the left transverse process. The marked model group (group A) was provided covered models with black dots on the fabric covers over the transverse process landmarks, while the covered models given to the students in the unmarked model group (group B) had no markings. Both groups were asked to assess asymmetry differences from L1 to L5 on 2 models. Landmarks were randomized for asymmetry (ranging from 2 mm to 6 mm) and direction (anterior or posterior on the right side). The number of correct responses was modeled as a binomial random variable in a generalized linear model to compare the effects of marked vs unmarked models on accuracy of palpation. The predicted probability of correctly determining the direction of the asymmetry and 95% CIs were calculated.

Results

The probability of correctly identifying the direction of asymmetry was 0.89 (95% CI, 0.87-0.91) for group A and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.71-0.78) for group B, a 15 percentage point difference (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.3; P<.001). Assuming accurate perception of digit asymmetry and accurate localization of landmarks are independent and correct answers are given only if both events occur, then students were more likely to accurately perceive digit asymmetry (0.89) than accurately localize landmarks (0.83=0.74/0.89). Overall, more students accurately identified the direction of asymmetry when the right transverse process was anterior (0.87; 95% CI, 0.84-0.90) than when it was posterior (0.81; 95% CI, 0.77-0.84) (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2-2.1; P=.001).

Conclusions

Student palpation accuracy was better when transverse process landmark localization was provided on the lumbar spine models than when it was not. Students were more likely to accurately perceive digit asymmetry than accurately localize the landmarks. Improving palpation accuracy requires developing educational methods to improve both accurate landmark localization and accurate digit asymmetry perception.
Physician-Mentored Patient Rounds to Observe and Assess Entrustable Professional Activities 1 and 2 in Preclinical Medical Students
Authors: Chamberlain Neal R. , Sexton Patricia S. , Hardee Matthew R. , Baer Robert W.
Published: February 2018

Context

Thirteen entrustable professional activities (EPAs) for entering residency were created to aid medical educators as they prepare preclinical students for their residency and to assess student readiness for residency. The A.T. Still University Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine (ATSU-KCOM) developed a program called physician-mentored patient rounds (PMPR), which focuses on EPA 1 and EPA 2.

Objective

To determine whether PMPRs could be used to assess expected behaviors of EPA 1 (gather a history and perform a physical examination) and EPA 2 (prioritize a differential diagnosis after a clinical encounter).

Methods

The PMPR sessions at ATSU-KCOM take place over several weeks (30-minute sessions per week), during which students gather a patient's history (sessions 1 and 2), observe a physical examination by the physician mentor (session 2), analyze diagnostic test results (session 3), and formulate a treatment plan (session 4). The PMPRs in this study used a real patient with confirmed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study did not include the session-4 treatment plan. Between sessions, students completed an assignment to further demonstrate their behaviors as expected in the EPAs. Student responses were analyzed and summarized for physician feedback in the subsequent PMPR session. Students’ diagnostic accuracy was measured at the conclusion of each session.

Results

A total of 516 students were included in the study. The PMPR weekly attendance was high (453-475). Although history gathering in the large-group setting was disorderly, diagnostic accuracy over the 3-session period improved. After history taking, 411 students (86.5%) included COPD in the differential diagnosis. A smaller number, 235 students (49.5%), listed COPD as the most likely diagnosis. After the physical examination, 439 included COPD in the differential diagnosis, and 385 listed COPD as the most likely diagnosis. After analysis of diagnostic test results, 468 students listed COPD as the most likely diagnosis.

Conclusion

Physician-mentored patient rounds seem to be an effective means to assess preclinical students’ expected behaviors as described in EPA 1 and EPA 2.
Evaluation of adherence and persistence with oral versus long-acting injectable antipsychotics in patients with early psychosis
Authors: Titus-Lay Erika N. , Ansara Elayne D. , Isaacs Alex N. , Ott Carol A.
Published: February 2018

Introduction:

Despite the theory that long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics should be more likely to improve adherence, reduce gaps in therapy, and prevent relapse compared with oral antipsychotics, there is little published evidence on this issue, specifically in patients with early psychosis.

Methods:

Patients with a new diagnosis for a psychotic disorder between July 1, 2013, and August 31, 2014, were retrospectively evaluated during a 12-month duration. The primary outcomes were adherence and persistence. Adherence was determined by proportion of days with medication, and persistence was defined as zero gaps in medication therapy. The secondary outcome was the number of times a psychiatric acute care service was used. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on their antipsychotic prescription history: oral only, LAI only, or both formulations at separate times throughout the study period.

Results:

Forty-seven patients met inclusion criteria. The average proportions of days with medication were 32%, 76%, and 75% for the oral, LAI, and both formulations groups, respectively (P < .001). For medication persistence, there were 32 patients (91%), 3 patients (75%), and 5 patients (63%) with at least 1 gap in therapy for the oral, LAI, and both formulations groups, respectively (P = .098). For acute care services, there was a median number of zero acute care visits for each of the 3 groups (P = .179). A post hoc subgroup analysis found medication adherence to be statistically different between the oral and LAI groups.

Discussion:

Long-acting injectable antipsychotics were associated with better adherence compared with oral antipsychotics in patients with early psychosis.
Combination of venlafaxine and phentermine/topiramate induced psychosis: A case report
Authors: Homola Jaclyn , Hieber Robin
Published: February 2018

Background:

Various publications have noted increases in dopamine, specifically in the mesolimbic region of the brain, to have a direct correlation to psychotic-like symptoms. Venlafaxine, a first-line medication for depression, inhibits the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine. Additionally, venlafaxine weakly inhibits the reuptake of dopamine. Phentermine/topiramate (Qsymia®), specifically the phentermine component, functions by blocking the dopamine and norepinephrine transporter, similar to amphetamine.

Case Report:

A 40-year-old Hispanic woman was admitted to the inpatient mental health unit based on reports of delusional thinking and several attempts of self-harm. Past medical history was significant for major depressive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, irritable bowel syndrome, and migraines. The patient was started on venlafaxine (75 mg extended-release by mouth once daily) for depression approximately 1 month prior to admission. Furthermore, the patient was restarted on a previously prescribed medication, oral phentermine/topiramate for weight loss, in combination with venlafaxine, approximately 1 week prior to the bizarre behavior. The patient denied any psychosis or changes in behavior when medications were taken individually prior to the combination. The patient was treated with lurasidone (40 mg by mouth daily) with resolution of psychosis.

Discussion:

A PubMed search revealed no current literature or case reports on psychosis induced by the combination of venlafaxine and phentermine/topiramate. Individual case reports of psychosis in patients on venlafaxine alone and the phentermine component of phentermine/topiramate alone have been reported.
Algoritma Genetika untuk Pemecahan Masalah Rute Kendaraan dengan Ukuran dan Campuran Armada, Trip Majemuk, Pengiriman Terbagi, Produk Majemuk, dan Kendaraan dengan Kompartemen Majemuk
Authors: Suprayogi Suprayogi , Paillin Daniel Bunga
Published: February 2018

This paper discusses a variant of the basic vehicle routing problem (VRP) by including the following characteristics: fleet size and mix, multiple trips, split delivery, and multiple compartments. One of real cases of this problem is related to determining tanker’s routes in delivering fuel products from a supply port to a number of destination ports. Each tanker has several compartments where each compartment is dedicated to a certain fuel product. In this paper, a solution approach based on genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed and tested using nine hypothetical instances. Experiment results show that the proposed GA gives consistent results measured by coefficient variations
Perbandingan Algoritma Simulated Annealing dan Harmony Search dalam Penerapan Picking Order Sequence
Authors: Octavia Tanti , Angelica Septiananda
Published: February 2018

Implementation of mobile rack warehouse is commonly used in manufacturing industry because it can minimize the warehouse area used. Applying picking orders in taking of Stock Keeping Unit (SKU) on mobile rack warehouses could give fast loading order. This research aims to find out which algorithm is better in applying picking order sequence in mobile rack warehouse. The algorithm used is Simualted Annealing (SA) and Harmony Search (HS) algorithm. Both of these algorithms will be compared in terms of the gap with the shortest path method.The result shows that the HS algorithm produces a better solution than the SA algorithm with lower CPU time, but the convergence rate of HS is lower than that of SA.HS was able to produce a better solution than the shortest path method of 9 cases, while SA only 8 cases from 15 cases.