bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sąsajos tarp skubią pagalbą teikiančių darbuotojų sociodemografinių – profesinių charakteristikų, nuostatų savižudybių prevencijos atžvilgiu, psichikos sveikatos, streso įveikos strategijų, perdegimo sindromo, savižudybių intervencijos žinių bei įgūdžių
Authors: Leskaukas Darius , Lygnugarytė-Grikšienė Aidana , Jasinskas Nedas , Masiukienė Agnė
Published: April 2016

Pasaulio sveikatos organizacijos (PSO) duomenimis, Lietuva savižudybių skaičiumi Europoje pirmauja, o visame pasaulyje užima penktą poziciją. Viena iš perspektyviausių intervencijų savižudybių prevencijoje - sveikatos priežiūros specialistų mokymai. Skubios medicinos pagalbos (SMP) specialistai, esantys arčiausiai potencialiai pažeidžiamų asmenų, gali identifikuoti savižudybės riziką turinčius asmenis bei suteikti pirminę paramą ir nukreipti tolesnei pagalbai. Tyrimo tikslas buvo įvertinti sąsajas tarp skubią pagalbą teikiančių darbuotojų sociodemografinių – profesinių charakteristikų, nuostatų savižudybių prevencijos atžvilgiu, psichikos sveikatos, streso įveikos strategijų, perdegimo sindromo, savižudybių intervencijos žinių bei įgūdžių. Šiuo tikslu buvo apmokyti savižudybių prevencijos Utenos apskrities SMP specialistai. Atlikta respondentų apklausa prieš mokymus ir praėjus 6 mėnesiams po mokymų. Apklausai sudarytas klausimynas, kuriame vertinama: sociodemografinės – profesinės charakteristikos, savižudybių intervencijos žinios bei įgūdžiai, nuostatos savižudybių prevencijos atžvilgiu, psichikos sveikata, streso įveikos strategijos, perdegimo sindromas. Tyrime dalyvavo 268 SMP specialistai. 13,4 proc. tiriamųjų nustatyta savižudybės rizika, 38,4 proc. didžiosios depresijos sutrikimas, 67,2 proc. generalizuotas nerimo sutrikimas, 3,7 proc. tiriamųjų žalingas alkoholio vartojimas, 1,9 proc. priklausomybės nuo alkoholio sindromas. Praėjus 6 mėnesiams po mokymų sumažėjo respondentų skaičius, kuriems nustatyta suicido rizika bei generalizuotas nerimo sutrikimas. Geresni savižudybės intervencijos įgūdžiai siejami su: jaunesniu amžiumi; trumpesniu darbo stažu; aukštesniu išsilavinimu; didesniu darbo krūviu; teigiamesnėmis nuostatomis savižudybių prevencijos atžvilgiu; į problemą orientuota streso įveika. Praėjus 6 mėnesiams po vienkartinių savižudybių prevencijos mokymų, savižudybės rizikos veiksnių vertinimas pagerėjo, tačiau savižudybių intervencijos įgūdžiai bei nuostatos savižudybių prevencijos atžvilgiu nepasikeitė.
The ecology of the ePundit: Surveying the new opinion-making landscape
Authors: Forrest Eve , Duff Alistair S.
Published: April 2016

This paper explores hybrid forms of contemporary political opinion-making online, which we name ePunditry. The ePundit utilizes Web 2.0 technologies and networks to distribute their work: changing and challenging the boundaries and hierarchies of the existing opinion space, across multiple platforms. Drawing on the language of media ecology we define and give examples of ePunditry. We also consider the impact of the ePundit upon the wider media landscape, alongside the empowered role of the readership.
Determinants of Job Satisfaction in Higher Education Sector: Empirical Insights from Malaysia
Authors: Hanaysha Jalal
Published: April 2016

Job satisfaction is one of the most important topics in the field of management and it has received a noteworthy attention from both scholars as well as business practitioners. This is because employee job satisfaction is the main predictor of organizational success and long term performance. This paper examines the impact of four factors namely employee engagement, employee motivation, work environment, and organizational learning on job satisfaction in higher education sector. The data were collected using a survey instrument from 242 employees of public universities in northern area of Malaysia. The collected data was analysed using SPSS and structural equation modelling. Overall, the findings indicated that employee engagement has significant positive effect on job satisfaction. It was also found that employee motivation has significant positive effect on job satisfaction. Moreover, this study revealed that work environment and organizational learning have significant positive effects on job satisfaction. These results provide useful insights for the management in higher educational institutions and suggest that the selected human resource factors are very important for improving job satisfaction.
Impact of External Business Environment on Training in Nurses at a Referral Hospital in Kenya
Authors: Gichara Rael Wahu , Mutuka Samuel , Ogoti Evans
Published: April 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the political environment (government policies, devolution to county governments, professional associations and trade unions) socio-cultural environment (age, gender, education levels and peer-pressure) and technological environment (advancement in technology, evolving hospital care delivery systems, information and communication technology, invention and innovations) on staff training at a referral hospital. The study was conducted based on data collected from 322 nurses working at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Eldoret, Western Kenya. The hypotheses were tested using Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis. The findings of the study indicated that the technological environment explained 95% of the variation in nurse training (Adjusted R2 =0.942, P<0.05). On the other hand, the political and social-cultural environments were not significant predictors of training in nurses (P>0.05).
The Role of Computed Tomography in the Immediate Workup of Open Globe Injury
Authors: Allon Gilad , Beiran Itzhak , Seider Nir , Blumenthal Eytan Z.
Published: April 2016

Purpose

Immediate primary closure is indicated in cases of traumatic open globe injury. Orbital computed tomography (CT) is performed prior to primary closure in order to rule out possible intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB) and/or damage to adjacent extraocular as well as intraocular structures. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the yield of orbital CT scan in immediate clinical decision-making in cases of open globe injury.

Methods

All cases of open globe injury treated in our institute during a 10-year period were reviewed. All underwent a CT scan before any surgical intervention, regardless of trauma severity. The influence of the CT scan results on decisions regarding the immediate treatment of the open globe injury was analyzed.

Results

A total of 125 cases of open globe injury were included in the present study. In none of these cases did the CT scan results have any influence on immediate treatment. The CT scan results did influence decisions that were made after the immediate operative stage.

Conclusions

Computed tomography scan has limited value in immediate clinical decision-making in cases of open globe injury scheduled for primary closure. While not crucial prior to the initial procedure, it is of value in managing the case during the following few days as well as later on. This study suggests that a CT scan performed after the initial globe exploration and suturing procedure is a valid alternative to stalling the definite globe suturing process until a CT scan is obtained and interpreted.
Our Early Experience of the Corin Minihip Prosthesis
Authors: Teoh Kar H. , Lee Paul Y.F. , Woodnutt David J.
Published: April 2016

Purpose

Although there have been several varieties of short-stem hip prosthesis in the market, there have been no published clinical results of the Corin MiniHip (Corin, Cirencester, UK) to date. The aim of this study is to describe our early results and experience of this stem in a nondesigner, single-surgeon series; calculate 5-year survival with stem revision as an endpoint; evaluate complications and early revisions; and assess radiolucency and stem subsidence at the latest follow-up review.

Methods

Over a 5-year period, 275 MiniHip were implanted in 239 patients. The mean age of the patients was 63 years (range 20-84); mean follow-up was 37 months (range 12-72 months).

Results

The mean Harris Hip Score and Oxford Hip Score improved significantly to 87 (range 49-100) and 41 (range 32-48) at the final follow-up (p = 0.038; p = 0.017). There were 9 intraoperative calcar fractures (3%) of which only 1 required cerlage wiring. 10 patients died in our series and none were lost to follow-up. 2 patients had their stem revised for failure of fixation (secondary to possible undersizing) and sink. The risk of revision was 0.73% at 5 years. The Kaplan Meier estimate of survivorship of cumulative failure gave an implant survival rate of 99.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 27.0-100) at 5 years for revision for any reason as the endpoint.

Conclusions

This novel, short-stem prosthesis has shown good survival in the short term, similar to other short-stem prostheses currently available. We describe the largest series in the literature of this prosthesis.
Reliability in the Diagnosis of Femoroacetabular Impingement and Dysplasia Among HIP Surgeons: Role of Surgeon Volume and Experience
Authors: Malviya Ajay , Raza Ali , Witt Johan D.
Published: April 2016

Purpose

To evaluate the degree of inter-rater agreement in identifying important radiographic features of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and hip dysplasia. In addition, the effect of supplementary investigations (CT and/or MRI) and clinical experience of the observer was determined.

Methods

During the British Hip Society meeting 2013 participants were asked to remark on various radiological parameters of FAI and dysplasia, make a diagnosis, and recommended treatment. Free-Marginal Multirater Kappa analysis was performed to determine multi-rater agreement.

Results

The ‘crossover sign’, ‘ischial spine sign’ and ‘lateral centre-edge angle’ were found to have the highest inter-rater agreement. For the whole group only fair agreement was seen for the diagnosis of type of FAI ( κ = 0.3) and dysplasia ( κ = 0.3) after plain radiographs with supplementary investigations being only marginally helpful in improving the diagnosis of type of FAI ( κ = 0.4). In contrast, high-volume hip preservation surgeons had a substantial improvement in diagnosis after supplementary investigations (type of FAI κ = 0.75, and dysplasia ( κ = 0.65).

Conclusions

Our study shows that agreement on diagnosis and treatment on the basis of plain radiographs is low amongst general hip surgeons. This improved with surgeon volume and experience, suggesting that protocols for diagnosis of these conditions need to be altered as assessment appears to be rather subjective.
A New Approach for Semiempirical Modeling of Mechanical Blood Trauma
Authors: Poorkhalil Ali , Amoabediny Ghassem , Tabesh Hadi , Behbahani Mehdi , Mottaghy Khosrow
Published: April 2016

Purpose

Two semi-empirical models were recently published, both making use of existing literature data, but each taking into account different physical phenomena that trigger hemolysis. In the first model, hemoglobin (Hb) release is described as a permeation procedure across the membrane, assuming a shear stress-dependent process (sublethal model). The second model only accounts for hemoglobin release that is caused by cell membrane breakdown, which occurs when red blood cells (RBC) undergo mechanically induced shearing for a period longer than the threshold time (nonuniform threshold model). In this paper, we introduce a model that considers the hemolysis generated by both these possible phenomena.

Methods

Since hemolysis can possibly be caused by permeation of hemoglobin through the RBC functional membrane as well as by release of hemoglobin from RBC membrane breakdown, our proposed model combines both these models. An experimental setup consisting of a Couette device was utilized for validation of our proposed model.

Results

A comparison is presented between the damage index (DI) predicted by the proposed model vs. the sublethal model vs. the nonthreshold model and experimental datasets. This comparison covers a wide range of shear stress for both human and porcine blood. An appropriate agreement between the measured DI and the DI predicted by the present model was obtained.

Conclusions

The semiempirical hemolysis model introduced in this paper aims for significantly enhanced conformity with experimental data. Two phenomenological outcomes become possible with the proposed approach: an estimation of the average time after which cell membrane breakdown occurs under the applied conditions, and a prediction of the ratio between the phenomena involved in hemolysis.
Motivating health professionals through control mechanisms: A review of empirical evidence
Authors: Smaldone Pierluigi , Vainieri Milena
Published: April 2016

This paper summarizes the findings of the literature on the levers used in the health care sector to motivate workers, with a particular focus on the impact of management control tools (such as Performance Measurement Systems (PMS) and Pay for Performance) on motivation. A review of the literature was carried out using the ISI Web of Knowledge, Pubmed and JSTOR search engines on the topic of motivation of health care workers, including, if possible, all the involved categories of employees. The research focused on empirical studies published in Europe, North America and Oceania from 1990 to 2015. Developing countries were intentionally excluded because of their specific needs and motivation perspectives that mainly focus on recruitment or retention strategies to ensure services provision. Studies on motivation generally focus on three main perspectives: (1) Employees’ satisfaction and emotions; (2) Retention; (3) Motivation or attitudes to carry out specific tasks or to behave appropriately. A few studies considered compensation strategies and monetary rewards as a driver of health care workers’ motivation. These studies did not report the crowding out effect of external locus of causality on motivation. On the contrary, most of the studies highlighted the importance of the relationship with patients and colleagues as a crucial factor affecting workers’ motivation, in particular referring to job satisfaction. Despite the large number of articles on the topic of employee motivation, there have been very few studies on the impact of the most popular managerial mechanisms introduced since the mid 1990s in health care systems.
Prescribing errors and uncertainty: Coping strategies of physicians and pharmacists in a tertiary university hospital
Authors: Emmanuel Anyika , Okeke Joy I.
Published: April 2016

Introduction: Prescribing errors and uncertainty are of increasing concern to health professionals due to their prevalence and implications for patient safety and wellness.Objectives: To assess the coping strategies of doctors and pharmacists who experienced or observed prescribing errors and uncertainty in a tertiary university hospital, and the implications for therapeutic outcomes.Methods: A self-assessment questionnaire was used to elicit information from a convenience sample of 94 physicians and 35 pharmacists of at least 2 years working experience in a tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria, from October to December 2014. Ethical approval was sought and obtained for the study. The research instrument was validated by experts in the field of medicine, hospital pharmacy, and strategic management, and pilot-tested. Concerns and attitudes to committing/observing prescription errors and at different uncertainty levels were assessed. Also the outcomes of their encounters, specific actions taken by the two professional groups when faced with prescribing errors, causes of, and non-detection of prescribing errors, methods used to deal with the errors, and the extent to which pharmacy intervention was successful, were evaluated.Results: Doctors and pharmacists (35.1% vs. 40%) admitted committing medication errors, while both professional groups (10.6% vs. 20%) admitted having avenues to discuss prescription errors. They also admitted prescribing or dispensing more, respectively when decision uncertainty was least. None of the doctors and few pharmacists admitted telling the patient about any prescription errors committed or observed respectively. There were varied responses on the causes of errors and non-detection of prescription errors. Coping strategies in terms of the use of technologies, medium and mode of communication, and use of continuing education to minimize errors, all fall below expectations for mitigating errors in prescribing and uncertainty.Discussion and Conclusions: A number of variables assessed on good prescribing decisions and uncertainty were at variance with the studies from other countries. An organizational culture and structure that promote collaboration in prescribing decisions, infrastructural facilities, effective communication, enabling decision support systems, and relevant continuing education are needed to foster a care-process that is less prone to prescribing errors and uncertainty.
The Effect of Portfolio-Based Assessment on Jordanian EFL Learners’ Writing Performance
Authors: Obeiah Salameh F. , Bataineh Ruba Fahmi
Published: April 2016

This study examines the effect of portfolio assessment on Jordanian EFL tenth grade learners’ overall writing performance and their performance on the sub-skills of focus, development, organization, conventions and word choice. The study is quasi-experimental in which an experimental group and a control group of 20 students each were purposefully drawn from tenth grade classes at the public schools for girls in the North-Eastern Badia Directorate of Education.  The experimental group was instructed on how to generate ideas, structure, draft, and edit their written pieces following Hamp-Lyons and Condon’s (2000) while the control group was instructed conventionally as prescribed in the Teacher’s Book. The findings revealed that the portfolio group outperformed the conventionally instructed group (at a≤ 0.05) in their overall writing performance and in their performance on the writing sub-skills of focus, development, organization, conventions and word choice.
Is There a Place for Cross-cultural Contastive Rhetoric in English Academic Writing Courses?
Authors: Zhou Lin
Published: April 2016

This is a primary study investigating the pedagogical approach of employing cross-cultural contrastive rhetoric (CCCR) comparisons in graduate-level writing courses. Two 501-level (advanced) classes were recruited to participate in this study: one class received CCCR instruction and participated in CCCR discussions, and the other class did not receive CCCR instruction and discussions. The study entailed both quantitative and qualitative investigations involving the grading of the results, the counting of use of dependent clauses and cohesive devices in students’ writing samples; pre- and post-study surveys, questionnaires and interviews. The findings show that students who received CCCR instructions and participated in CCCR discussions demonstrated more active use of connectives and showed increased metacognition about the similarities and differences between English academic writing academic writing in their L1s.
From the CLIL craze to the CLIL conundrum: Addressing the current CLIL controversy
Authors: Pérez Cañado María Luisa
Published: April 2016

This article provides an updated account of the evolution of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), from an initial period of CLIL craze to one of CLIL critique to, at present, what could be considered a CLIL conundrum. The controversies which currently affect this approach are documented on three main fronts (characterization, implementation, and research), illustrating how the so-called pendulum effect is at work in all of them. The concomitant challenges posed by these controversies are identified and specific ways to redress them are provided via concrete research-based proposals stemming from two governmentally-funded research projects. The ultimate aim is to identify the chief hurdles which need to be tackled within the CLIL arena in the very near future and to signpost possible ways of superseding them in order to continue advancing smoothly into the next decade of CLIL development.
Characteristics of Older Adults Admitted to Hospital versus Those Discharged Home, in Emergency Department Patients Referred to Internal Medicine
Authors: Hominick Kathryn , McLeod Victoria , Rockwood Kenneth
Published: April 2016

Background Frail older adults present to the Emergency Department (ED) with complex medical, functional, and social needs. When these needs can be addressed promptly, discharge is possible, and when they cannot, hospital admission is required. We evaluated the care needs of frail older adults in the ED who were consulted to internal medicine and seen by a geriatrician to determine, under current practices, which factors were associated with hospitalization and which allowed discharge. Methods We preformed a chart-based, exploratory study. Data were abstracted from consultation records and ED charts. All cases had a standard Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA which records a Clinical Frailty Scale (CFA) and allows calculation of a Frailty Index (FI). Results Of 100 consecutive patients, 2 died in the ED, 75 were admitted, and 23 were discharged, including one urgent placement. Compared with discharged patients (0.39 ± SD 0.16), those admitted had a higher mean FI-CGA (0.48 ± 0.13; p < .01). Greater mobility dependence (2% in discharged vs. 32% in admitted; p < .05) was notable. Conclusions Discharge decisions require assessment of medical, functional, and social problems. Ill, frail patients often can be discharged home when social and nursing support can be provided. The degree of frailty, impaired mobility, and likely delirium must be taken into account when planning for their care.
Comparison of Alternate and Original Items on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
Authors: Lebedeva Elena , Huang Mei , Koski Lisa
Published: April 2016

Background The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a screening tool for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in elderly individuals. We hypothesized that measurement error when using the new alternate MoCA versions to monitor change over time could be related to the use of items that are not of comparable difficulty to their corresponding originals of similar content. The objective of this study was to compare the difficulty of the alternate MoCA items to the original ones. Methods Five selected items from alternate versions of the MoCA were included with items from the original MoCA administered adaptively to geriatric outpatients (N = 78). Rasch analysis was used to estimate the difficulty level of the items. Results None of the five items from the alternate versions matched the difficulty level of their corresponding original items. Conclusions This study demonstrates the potential benefits of a Rasch analysis-based approach for selecting items during the process of development of parallel forms. The results suggest that better match of the items from different MoCA forms by their difficulty would result in higher sensitivity to changes in cognitive function over time.
Laser-Based Online Sliding-Window Approach for UAV Loop-Closure Detection in Urban Environments
Authors: Wang Anqing , Li Chi , Liu Yisha , Zhuang Yan , Bu Chunguang , Xiao Jizhong
Published: April 2016

Online loop-closure detection serves as an essential task for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with laser scanners. Due to the inherent errors in UAVs' pose estimation, a 3-D reconstruction algorithm is adopted to perform 3-D map building, which establishes probabilistic models of the system according to the assumption of errors. To meet the demand of online loop-closure detection using sequential 2-D laser data, a robust ISW-NDT (incremental sliding-window-based NDT) approach is proposed, which compares the appearance similarity between two scans by sliding a window with fixed size. Compared with the conventional 3-D NDT approach, the proposed loop-closure detection algorithm is capable of providing superior performance in large-scale outdoor environments, achieving higher recall rate at 100% precision and ensuring successful online implementation. Experimental results show the validity and robustness of the proposed method.
On a Miniature Free-Swimming Robotic Fish with Multiple Sensors
Authors: Yu Junzhi , Chen Shifeng , Wu Zhengxing , Wang Weibing
Published: April 2016

Bio-inspired robotic fish hold strong promise for underwater missions. This paper deals with the design and control issues of a miniature free-swimming robotic fish with multiple sensors. Specifically, a synthesized mechanical design scheme mainly relying on a two-link serial mechanism and a pair of mechanical pectoral fins is first presented. Next, a bio-inspired Central Pattern Generator (CPG) based control method aided by feedback information from multiple sensors of various types to achieve three-dimensional swimming is proposed. Finally, experimental results on the 35-centimetre-long robotic fish verify the efficacy of the proposed mechatronic design and control methods. It is found that the CPG control combined with sensory information greatly contributes to swimming ability and intelligence of the robotic fish.
Traditional and Alternative Risk: Application to Hedge Fund Returns
Authors: Boido Claudio , Fasano Antonio
Published: April 2016

This study compares the risk-adjusted performance of traditional and alternative investments. Instrumental to this design, we introduce a specific metric for assessing hedge fund performance, comprising both the relative advantage and the extra-risk of an alternative investment over a traditional one. We are concerned with the impact of the crisis. Common wisdom tells us that during phases of market euphoria, investors’ wishful thinking can make them overconfident of the high returns promised by the leveraged structures and the aggressive investment policies typical of this asset class; conversely, when the downturns hit, the “big bets”, taken by hedge fund managers, in risky and illiquid investments, can trigger severe losses in their investors’ portfolios. We found evidence that regime switches in stock returns emphasise the performance gap among the different fund investment policies; furthermore, some styles can effectively capitalise on managerial skill, outperforming traditional equity investment in terms of adjusted performance.
Las objeciones a la declaración de inconstitucionalidad del régimen especial de reconocimiento de las universidades católicas
Authors: Polo Sabau José Ramón
Published: April 2016

ResumenEn este trabajo se estudia el contenido de los numerosos votos particularesformulados a la sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional que, en 2013, decretó la invalidez de régimen especial de reconocimiento concedido a las universidades católicas por la Ley Orgánica de Universidades de 2001. Se realiza un análisis crítico de la perspectiva globalmente adoptada en esos votos y, especialmente, de algunas de las premisas que en ellos se adoptan, como es el caso de la llamadaconcepción proporcional de la igualdad religiosa, tradicionalmente asumida por un sector de la doctrina científica a partir de lo estipulado en el art. 16.3 CE y ahora también aceptada generalizadamente en el seno de estas opiniones disidentes.AbstractThis paper deals with the study of the numerous dissenting opinions present in the decision of the Spanish Constitutional Court that in 2013 invalidatedthe special legal status granted to the catholic universities in Spain’s Law bythe 2001 Universities Act. Extensive consideration is here give to the meaningof the main conceptions common to those dissenting opinions, and particularlyto the notion of the so called «proportional equality», traditionally developed by certain scholars with the aim to justify the different legal treatment given in Spain’s Law to the different denominations and now also present in most of those above mentioned dissenting opinions.
Izquierda, democracia e insurgencia sindical en México: nucleares, mineros y metalúrgicos, 1972-1985
Authors: Gracia Gerardo Necoechea , Leglise Patricia Pensado
Published: April 2016

Este artículo analiza la historia de la insurgencia sindical en México durante los años 1970 y la relación que se dio entre la izquierda y la clase obrera. Para ello, se analizan las experiencias del Sindicato Único de Energía Nuclear y de las secciones 11 y 147 del sindicato minero-metalúrgico. En el primer caso, se observa su relación con el movimiento democrático de los trabajadores electricistas y la corriente del nacionalismo revolucionario y en el segundo su vinculación con la organización política Línea Proletaria, de filiación maoísta. Ambas corrientes plantearon estrategias distintas que revivieron la tensión existente en el movimiento obrero mexicano de principios de siglo, entre quienes pensaban que los sindicatos no debían aliarse a partidos políticos y en cambio ejercer la acción directa en el trabajo y quienes abogaban por alianzas políticas, en lo que llamaban acción múltiple. Ambos movimientos confluyeron en el movimiento sindical del periodo, que reclamaba democracia sindical y se manifestaba contra la política de austeridad que el gobierno imponía, así como también por la defensa de los recursos naturales. Por otra parte, se manifestaba el activismo obrero en un medio de una mayor rebeldía que conjuntó a otros grupos sociales, situación que comprueba el ascenso en las luchas de los trabajadores de la industria y en servicios, y su incidencia en la vida política, social y cultural del País.
Clases sociales, ideología y cuestión nacional en el debate entre las FAR y el PRT-ERP en Argentina
Authors: Campos Esteban
Published: April 2016

El propósito de este artículo es explorar los principales nudos argumentativos del debate entre las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias (FAR) y el Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores-Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (PRT-ERP), dos organizaciones armadas argentinas de la década de 1970. La discusión se desarrolló entre abril y noviembre de 1971, y su disparador fue un reportaje a las FAR publicado en la revista Cristianismo y Revolución. A este documento le siguió “Responde el ERP”, una breve réplica de presos políticos, y a continuación la respuesta de las FAR con sus “Aportes al proceso de confrontación de posiciones y polémica pública que abordamos con el ERP”. En este trabajo indagamos puntualmente el papel atribuido en el debate a las clases sociales, para profundizar su relación con otros tópicos, como la cuestión nacional y la ideología. Nos interesa estudiar el significado de estas categorías desde el punto de vista de los actores históricos, para rastrear en que constelación ideológica y discursiva se ubican.
Left-wing, democracy, and trade union insurgency in Mexico: nuclear, mining, and metallurgical workers, 1972-1985
Authors: Gracia Gerardo Necoechea , Leglise Patricia Pensado
Published: April 2016

This article analyzes the history of trade union insurgency in Mexico during the 1970s and the relationship established between the left and the labor class. To do this, experiences of the Mexican National Nuclear Energy Trade Union and those of sections 11 and 147 of the mining-metallurgical trade union are analyzed. In the first case, its relationship with the democratic movement of electrical workers and the current of revolutionary nationalism are observed and in the second its links with the political organization Línea Proletaria, which has a Maoist affiliation. Both currents proposed various strategies that revived the tension existing in the Mexican labor movement in the early century, between those who thought that trade unions should not ally to political parties and instead exert direct action at work and those who advocated for political alliances, which they called multiple action. Both movements converged in the trade union movement of that period, which demanded trade union democracy and demonstrated against the austerity policy imposed by the government, as well as for the defense of natural resources. On the other hand, labor activism was manifested in an environment of greater rebelliousness combined with other social groups, a situation that ascertains advances in the struggles of workers from the industry and services, and its impact on the political, social, and cultural life in the country.
The development of the popular movement and rise of the revolutionary left in Chile (1953-1978)
Authors: Donoso Igor Goicovic
Published: April 2016

The Movimiento de Izquierda Revolucionaria (MIR) of Chile, was a political-military organization, ideologically attached to Marxism-Leninism, but also inheritor in the political and symbolic level of the Cuban Revolution and Guevarism. The MIR was founded in August 1965, and has extensive and relevant political career. Nevertheless, the studies on the MIR are still scarce and multiple aspects associated with their insertion in the political history of Chile in the last third of the 20th century, remain unknown. In this article we analyze the historical conditions in which the Chilean MIR was formed and its contribution to the process of political radicalization that took place in Chile between 1967 and 1973. Similarly, its ability to react to the repressive violence deployed by the dictatorship from 1973 and its role in organizing popular resistance are also studied.
Artifacts and Artifices among Memory and History
Authors: Falcão Luiz Felipe
Published: April 2016

This paper intends to discuss ideas, actions, and experiences of people who self-identify as “left-wing” and are also considered by their opponents as the “new left wing”, as proposed by a number of scholars to distinguish them from communist groups of traditional formation (Stalinists, Trotskists, etc.). Having been already in operation since the  1950 decade or earlier, with highlights as resistance to the civil-military dictatorship that ruled Brazil between 1964 and 1985, they particularly support the struggle for better conditions of life and work, as well as freedoms in general. Documents produced by these people and found in both public and private spheres have been used to observe this phenomenon.  There is particular focus on the joint participation of the left wing movements in trade unions and social movements, as well as in civil society organizations and even institutionally, in frequent clashes with the liberal and populist opposition. The objective is to understand the relevance (or not) of their participation and the possible influences that they may have exerted in the contemporary path that Brazil has taken. Since many of its members were in tune with criticism of the lacking independence of subaltern class mobilizations and organizations, as well as with the importance of fighting for the rights of women and social minorities, they may have given rather unique characteristics to the redemocratization process in the country (1985-1989).
The Argentine guerrilla and the masses: the ERP and its insertion
Authors: Pozzi Pablo A.
Published: April 2016

Between 1959 and 1977, there were more than 17 armed organizations in Argentina. Beyond the success achieved, all of them proposed a combination of armed struggle and popular mobilization. To do this, they tried to carry out the so-called “mass work.” Two of them, Montoneros and PRT-ERP, were very successful in “inserting” the organization among the population as a whole. Herein, the insertion of the second of these organizations is addressed, and we postulate that guerrilla as a theme, in Argentina, was much more complex than we assume. In fact, the relationship between guerrilla and popular organization proposes that armed struggle was the result of a historical process and social demands, and not merely a conjunctural fact.
Antifascist Front and military politics of the Communist Party of Chile under dictatorship, 1973-1980
Authors: Silva Claudio Pérez
Published: April 2016

This article inquires about the route of the military politics of the Communist Party of Chile, particularly under its political commitment to the Antifascist Front (1973-1980). In this regard, we argue that, in a first stage, this party pursued its military politics primarily based on evaluations about the causes of Allende’s defeat. This implied an almost unrestricted continuity of its military politics during the early years of dictatorship. However, after the first measures taken in order to palliate its shortcomings, and also face the imminent extension and institutionalization of dictatorship, there was a slow, but significant expansion of its military politics in the late 1970s, a dynamics that ended up contributing both to the political reconfiguration of its militancy and its commitment to bring the dictatorship to an end.
Estudio de caracterización de accidentes biológicos en estudiantes de pregrado de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Libre. Seccional Cali. 2013
Authors: García Gómez Mercedes
Published: April 2016

Objetivos: Caracterizar los accidentes biológicos en estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Libre en el ejercicio de la práctica clínica.

Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo de corte transversal mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario autodiligenciado, de participación voluntaria, a estudiantes de los programas de medicina y de enfermería de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud  de la Universidad Libre de Cali.

Resultados: Los resultados muestran un 17,1% (41) de estudiantes con  accidentes biológicos durante las prácticas asistenciales. El mecanismo de transmisión más frecuente fueron los  pinchazos con elementos cortopunzantes en miembro superior, representados con el 65,9% (27), el segundo mecanismo fue la exposición a mucosas oculares con sangre o fluidos corporales con un 17% (7). El  área clínica de mayor ocurrencia fueron las Clínicas Quirúrgicas con 46,2% (19), Básicas y Comunitarias con un 29,3% (12) .Los estudiantes de medicina sufrieron el 63,4% (26) de los  accidentes, mientras que  enfermería el 36,6% (15). El 41,5% (17) recibió atención médica de urgencias. En el 4,9% (2) de los  estudiantes se consideró como necesaria  la utilización de la profilaxis postexposicion al accidente. En cuanto  al  sitio  de  ocurrencia  el mayor porcentaje fue extramural, correspondiente a las instituciones de salud, con los que la universidad tiene convenios para las prácticas asistenciales formativas. Los accidentes ocurridos en el área de anfiteatro 21,9% (9) corresponden exclusivamente a estudiantes del programa de medicina, el cual está ubicado dentro de las instalaciones de la universidad .El 43,9% (20) de accidentes biológicos no fue reportado por el estudiante que lo padeció.

Conclusiones: Los accidentes biológicos en estudiantes de pregrado son frecuentes en las áreas clínicas de Básicas y Comunitarias, y mayormente en Clínicas Quirúrgicas probablemente por la mayor  instrumentación. El 9,5% de  los estudiantes de la facultad no utiliza ninguna protección. Por lo que se recomienda, el fortalecimiento de un programa que contemple acciones de prevención  y fomento  de la adherencia a las normas de precaución estándar con seguimiento en la modificación de las prácticas  de riesgo dirigidas a los estudiantes de pregrado de la Facultad de Salud.
Implicaciones del hostigamiento psicológico (mobbing) sobre los testigos: Un estudio observacional en enfermería
Authors: Cardoso dos Santos Meiremar , Fornes-Vives Joana , Gili Margalida
Published: April 2016

El hostigamiento psicológico en el trabajo (mobbing) es un problema de considerable magnitud para el personal de enfermería a nivel mundial. Aunque el maltrato psicológico laboral esté basado en comportamientos subjetivos, el elevado número de personas que lo testifica plantea, como mínimo, una mayor reflexión sobre este tema.

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la problemática del mobbing desde el punto de vista exclusivo de los testigos y conocer las repercusiones psicológicas del fenómeno sobre los mismos.

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, usando cuestionarios autoadministrados. La muestra está compuesta de 204 profesionales de enfermería, de los cuales el 28.4% reportaron haber testificado conductas hostiles hacia sus compañeros de trabajo. Las conductas más observadas fueron el desprestigio profesional, la humillación, el rechazo profesional, el ninguneo y el aislamiento profesional.

Los resultados demostraron que los testigos de hostigamiento psicológico, aunque no se percibían víctimas de ello, presentaban significativamente más síntomas de estrés que los no testigos, así como un mayor deseo de abandonar la profesión y una mayor percepción de que la enfermería es una profesión poco valorada. Los resultados indican que el mobbing en enfermería es un comportamiento objetivable y que su impacto repercute negativamente en los observadores del mismo, convirtiéndolos en víctimas secundarias del fenómeno.
Enfermedades profesionales de los trabajadores de limpieza en los hospitales: propuesta educativa para minimizar la exposición
Authors: De Souza Souza Raulene , Antunes Cortez Elaine , Gomes do Carmo Thalita , Santana Rosimere Ferreira
Published: April 2016

Objetivos: Identificar la enfermedad profesional de los trabajadores de limpieza del hospital; describir los factores causales de las enfermedades profesionales en este grupo de trabajadores, y ofrecer actividades educativas para minimizar la exposición a las enfermedades profesionales en este grupo.

Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integral de la literatura de los últimos cinco años realizada en las bases de datos Lilacs , Medline y BDEnf . Se seleccionaron ocho artículos y después de la lectura y el análisis surgieron tres categorías: (1) las enfermedades profesionales, (2) los factores causales de las enfermedades profesionales, (3) Medidas educativas para minimizar la exposición

Resultados:. Los trabajadores del Servicio de limpieza en sus actividades de trabajo están expuestos a todos los riesgos laborales. Las enfermedades profesionales identificadas en estos trabajadores son diversas, pero llaman la atención: los trastornos musculoesqueléticos y dermatitis. Las medidas educativas deben centrarse en la formación / educación continua.

Conclusión: Se concluye que la educación continua puede ser una alternativa para minimizar los diversos riesgos laborales a que estos trabajadores están expuestos, ya que las actividades con un enfoque en la capacitación no son muy eficaces.
Oppdragelsen til verdensborgerskap i kunstnerisk perspektiv
Authors: Hohr Hansjörg
Published: April 2016

In this text, features of fiction are discussed as to their ability for handling cultural diversity in cosmopolitan education. The argument is developed in two steps. First, the biblical story about the construction of the the tower of Babel is analyzed and discussed with respect to what is says about diversity and how it says it. In a second step, aspects of art are gathered from various sources, Aristotle, Cassirer, Gadamer, Langer, Kant, Rorty, in order to define the communicative possibilieties of art with respect to cosmopolitan education.
Paideia and Cosmopolitan Education: On Subjectification, Politics and Justice
Authors: Adami Rebecca
Published: April 2016

Can human rights in education enhance students and teachers capacity to reimagine their local community and to rethink the rules and laws that support such a social community? This paper is a political philosophical inquiry into human rights in education, drawing on the work of Hannah Arendt, Cornelius Castoriadis and Adriana Cavarero. By placing learning at the center of political philosophy through the notion of paideia, we need to ask how such an education can look like. According to Castoriadis, society exists only insofar as it is embodied in its social individuals. Society and its individuals are in a constant process of becoming toward relational autonomy that implies a moral self-limitation. At the core of my philosophical inquiry into moral subjectification is the need to re-think human rights and the pedagogical subject in relational terms that imply self-limitation and political engagement in a wider cosmopolitan community
Refugees and Europe: a dilemma or a turning point?
Authors: Mahrdt Helgard
Published: April 2016

Europe is facing a wave of refugees and migrants. To solve the many inherent problems is primarily a practical political task. However, there are existential experiences, democratic values, human attitudes, and political principles involved, and I am going to look particularly to the following three aspects of the refugee crisis, 1) the existential (I refer to the philosopher Martin Heidegger and to the political thinker Hannah Arendt), 2) the political (I turn to the EU’s steps for a common refugee policy), and 3) the legal (I refer to Immanuel Kant’s notion of hospitality and Seyla Benhabib’s notes on Human Rights). Finally, I will make a concluding remark on education’s task (I refer to Hannah Arendt’s and Aristotle’s notion of philia).
Potentialité des zones humides infiltrant des eaux routières dans la nappe rhénane – étude de huit bassins de rétention et d’infiltration à Wolfisheim, Alsace
Authors: Nuel Maximilien , Laurent Julien , Bois Paul , Chenon Pascale , Benbrahim Mohammed , Reeb Georges , Toulet Fabien , Milliot Benoît , Belot Emmanuel , Wanko Adrien
Published: April 2016

Quatre filières de rétention et d’infiltration des eaux de ruissellement situées sur la route départementale 45 (RD 451) dans le Bas-Rhin constituent l’objet de l’étude. Chaque filière est composée : d’un bassin de rétention étanchéifié et équipé d’un « peigne végétal », d’un bassin d’infiltration végétalisé et équipé de plaques lysimétriques qui permettent de récupérer les eaux infiltrées à 25 et 50 cm de profondeur et d’un piézomètre/qualitomètre pour le suivi qualitatif et quantitatif de la nappe (mesure des concentrations en hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) et en métaux). Enfin, une station météorologiquein situdonne accès aux paramètres climatiques et permet ainsi de déterminer les flux de ruissellement, d’infiltration, d’évaporation, d’évapotranspiration et d’évapoconcentration. Suite aux différents épisodes pluvieux, la capacité d’infiltration des bassins perméables reste excellente, aucun colmatage n’ayant été observé. Les végétaux implantés se sont bien développés et leur rôle de filtre est constaté pour la fraction particulaire en surface. L’analyse de la qualité des eaux de surface et infiltrées, relevées mensuellement, met en évidence la présence de HAP et de métaux (aluminium, baryum et plomb). Les eaux de la nappe rhénane au droit du site étudié sont quant à elles dépourvues de HAP; cependant il est à noter la présence d’aluminium et de baryum, entre 30 et 130 µg∙L‑1. Les prélèvements ont permis de mettre en évidence l’absence d’écotoxicité des eaux qui s’infiltrent en aval de la filière no 3 sur deux niveaux trophiques de l’écosystème souterrain, et sur des organismes d’eau de surface. Des préconisations méthodologiques et instrumentales sont faites afin d’accroître le champ des connaissances techniques et scientifiques concernant la structure, le rôle et le fonctionnement des bassins d’infiltration d’eaux routières ainsi que les interactions entre différentes matrices (sol, végétal et liquide) qui les composent.
(Re)descobriram o Ceará? Representações dos sítios históricos de Icó e Sobral: entre areal e patrimônio nacional
Authors: Clewton do Nascimento José
Published: April 2016

(Re)descobriram o Ceará? foi premiado pelo VI Prêmio Brasileiro Política e Planejamento Urbano e Regional da ANPUR como melhor tese de doutorado defendida no período de fevereiro de 2007 a março de 2009. Esta obra, desenvolvida cuidadosamente por José Clewton do Nascimento, propõe uma discussão acerca das transformações do Estado do Ceará, sejam elas de caráter urbano, social, cultural ou representativo. É proposta, aqui, uma análise crítica do cotidiano das cidades, do patrimônio e do turismo, tendo como ponto de partida as cidades sertanejas cearenses de Icó e Sobral, ambas tombadas pelo IPHAN.