bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les épreuves du sida et les images en famille
Authors: Martin-Chabot Béatrice
Published: April 2012

Résumé Être atteint du virus du sida, c’est aussi être atteint par l’image que le social renvoie du fait des modes de contamination et qui peut générer de la honte et la difficulté de parler de sa séropositivité en famille. Une façon de gérer cette problématique, c’est de se montrer. D’où l’idée d’étudier l’utilisation de la photographie de soi, de sa famille, au sein de ces familles. Les photos y favorisent la réassurance narcissique, confirment que la famille est « vivante » malgré la maladie mortelle de certains de ses membres et servent de support de paroles.
Les adaptations familiales défensives face au handicap
Authors: André-Fustier Francine
Published: April 2012

Résumé La naissance d’un enfant handicapé déclenche généralement un vécu de désaccordage dans le lien primaire entre le bébé et son entourage. Les angoisses d’effondrement sont activées, contraignant la famille à des défenses adaptatives de survie. Ce travail s’intéresse à l’aspect groupal de ces défenses que l’on peut repérer à travers le recours à des modalités fusionnelles du lien, l’identification au corps de l’enfant accompagnée d’un contre-investissement de sa vie psychique. L’auteur souligne la dimension paradoxale de ces défenses qui protègent le lien avec l’enfant tout en empêchant l’investissement de sa vie psychique.
Jeunes enfants gravement abîmés
Authors: d’Epagnier Marie-Hélène , Lafage Alain , Liévoux Nadine , Loncan Anne , Maignial Isabelle
Published: April 2012

Résumé Exerçant dans le cadre d’une consultation précoce en CMPP, les auteurs présentent le cheminement vers une modalité particulière de soin familial en groupe qui complète la thérapie psychanalytique de groupe proposée à des enfants gravement abîmés (tableaux autistiques, psychotiques, dysharmoniques). Les expériences de chacun en matière d’accueil, de soin ou de thérapie de familles ont été mises en commun dans ce but. Le cadre de la thérapie groupale des enfants est exposé ainsi que les écueils rencontrés dans la prise en compte de l’abord familial à travers les éléments transférentiels et contre-transférentiels perçus à différents niveaux. L’accueil en groupe des membres de la famille qui accompagnent l’enfant à sa thérapie a permis une élaboration collective des angoisses et défenses à l’œuvre au plan familial, une analyse des perturbations intrafamiliales liées aux troubles de l’enfant et une meilleure reconnaissance des différentes composantes du handicap qu’ils génèrent.
L'influence du handicap sur les mouvements violents ou agressifs dans la relation fraternelle
Authors: Scelles Régine , Houssier Françoise
Published: April 2012

Résumé Les auteurs montrent, à partir de diverses situations cliniques mettant en relation un enfant handicapé et un membre de la fratrie, selon quelles modalités l’agressivité ou la violence, concepts préalablement définis, se déploie. Ils insistent sur ce que génère le handicap dans la fratrie, lorsque les parents ne jouent pas leur rôle de pare-excitation : une inhibition de l’expression des motions hostiles, au profit de positions symptomatiques, jusqu’au masochisme. Dans les cas où la culpabilité du sujet non handicapé et la protection du sujet handicapé prédominent, sous l’assentiment parental, c’est l’ensemble du système des échanges familiaux qui se révèle pathogène.
L'enfant handicapé : une rupture dans la filiation ?
Authors: Grangeat Chantal
Published: April 2012

Résumé L’auteur cherche à repérer, à travers le processus de construction du lien filial, les événements qui pourraient en perturber le déroulement, quand l’enfant attendu se révèle handicapé. Il montre les effets de la rencontre traumatique qui entrave l’ajustement des relations parent-enfant, nécessaire à la reconnaissance du lien. L’auteur commence à explorer, quelques années plus tard, les aménagements réalisés en fonction du passé des parents. Des entretiens familiaux illustrent cette recherche en cours.
Relations amoureuses dans les années tardives
Authors: Kernberg Otto , Kalman Rudolf , Joubert Christiane
Published: April 2012

Résumé Tomber amoureux à l’adolescence fournit le modèle de sentiments qui naissent aussi à un âge avancé. L’auteur souligne que les caractéristiques sont alors les mêmes qu’à l’adolescence et se propose d’en rechercher d’autres qui éclaireraient des aspects méconnus de la relation amoureuse. Sauf pathologie narcissique ou répétition masochiste, une profonde intimité se crée dans le couple à travers le partage du sentiment d’insécurité lié aux risques de l’âge (maladie, dépendance, limitation du temps de vie), à travers aussi le partage du monde interne de l’autre par la connaissance de son passé. Cette intimité admet une sexualité plus libre intégrant des éléments pervers polymorphes infantiles. Théorisant l’évolution de la constellation œdipienne la vie durant, l’auteur montre les cheminements croisés qui conduisent la femme vers la maturité sexuelle et l’homme vers une relation objectale approfondie. La situation idéale décrite isole des potentialités qui vont à l’encontre de l’idée conventionnelle selon laquelle l’amour passionné devient peu probable avec l’âge et permettent de mieux comprendre la psychopathologie amoureuse.
Le processus du vieillissement et la démence : résonances familiales
Authors: Joubert Christiane
Published: April 2012

Résumé L’auteur reprend tout d’abord le processus du vieillir sur un plan psycho-dynamique, avec son cortège de pertes. Puis elle aborde le fait démentiel dans une discontinuité par rapport au vieillir et de ses résonances au niveau du fonctionnement familial. Son hypothèse est que la démence attaque les liens familiaux, entraînant indifférenciation et distorsion du lien ; sur le plan intrafamilial, elle observe un fonctionnement régressif, avec une grande souffrance syncrétique, et sur le plan généalogique, une grande souffrance transgénérationnelle. Elle parle d’une transmission des effets du traumatisme dans la filiation, avec ses processus de déliaison. Une séquence clinique illustre le propos.
L'amour sous le signe du paradoxe : lien amoureux et maltraitance
Authors: Sieca Philippe
Published: April 2012

Résumé Pour comprendre la maltraitance comme composante de la relation amoureuse, il faut décomposer le concept « amour » en deux niveaux : le besoin de lien, de sécurité et de continuité d’une part, et d’autre part les « informations » inconscientes mises en actes dans les relations précoces qui vont spécifier la qualité du lien. Ces contenus, qui peuvent provenir, à travers les parents, des générations antérieures, s’avèrent parfois porteurs de scénarios maltraitants que l’adulte va remettre en scène dans sa vie amoureuse. La répétition, au-delà de l’intensité émotionnelle qu’elle procure, doit s’entendre comme une tentative d’exploration, de maîtrise des traumas et de réparation de soi.
Masochisme féminin et relation sexuelle
Authors: Schaeffer Jacqueline
Published: April 2012

Résumé Le masochisme, dans la relation sexuelle, est ici défini en fonction de la poussée constante de la pulsion sexuelle et de son caractère effracteur et nourricier. Ce qui amène à décrire un masochisme érotique féminin, apte à admettre dans le moi de grandes quantités de libido, favorisant la jouissance sexuelle de la femme et la création de son féminin par le masculin de l’homme. C’est la prise en compte de ce masochisme et de l’ouverture à la libido dans les deux sexes qui peut permettre le dépassement de ce que Freud a désigné comme le roc du refus du féminin dans les deux sexes.
Sexualité narcissique, sexualité génitale
Authors: Blanchard Anne-Marie , Decherf Gérard
Published: April 2012

Résumé Après un bref rappel de l’évolution psycho-sexuelle du sujet, les auteurs distinguent le narcissisme contemporain de la formation du moi et gardien de la vie, du narcissisme pathologique, lié au pôle défensif du moi, notamment à son besoin de maîtrise ou d’emprise. Ainsi activité et passivité vont marquer la sexualité. La rencontre amoureuse et la vie sexuelle se déploient différemment suivant que les partenaires sont dans une position à dominante narcissique ou à dominante objectale. Dans le premier cas, le sentiment d’incomplétude et les besoins sexuels réactivent les angoisses d’enfermement et d’abandon, le sujet doit contrôler le besoin ou l’assouvir de manière compulsive, pour pallier les angoisses d’existence. À l’inverse, la dominante objectale associe activité et passivité au profit de l’investissement du perceptif, du sensitif, de l’affectif. L’actif et le passif sont alors réversibles et interchangeables. Un exemple clinique de thérapie de couple illustre ces hypothèses.
La répudiation du corps propre
Authors: Chiland Colette
Published: April 2012

Résumé L’auteur dit l’importance de la bisexualité, entendue en un sens en partie différent de celui que Freud donne au terme. Elle dit l’importance de l’intégration de la bisexualité. Elle parle de l’impossibilité d’intégrer la bisexualité chez les transsexuels qui répudient leur corps, le sexe de leur corps, qu’ils opposent à leur genre. Leur souffrance, quelle que soit son origine, remonte aux débuts de leur vie. Y remédier est difficile. Ils demandent une transformation de leur corps, malgré le leurre qu’elle comporte, et rarement une approche psychanalytique.
La création en couple : noyau pervers et scénarios narcissiques Anaïs Nin et Henry Miller
Authors: Chouvier Bernard
Published: April 2012

Résumé Comme le groupe, le couple est un auxiliaire favorable au développement du travail créateur de chacun des protagonistes. Dans son journal intime, Anaïs Nin témoigne des effets sur sa propre création de la relation passionnelle qu’elle a entretenue, pendant près d’une année, avec Henry Miller. La relation fusionnelle avec l’autre ouvre des perspectives nouvelles d’écriture. Pour se sentir vivre, Anaïs multiplie des expériences amoureuses. La quête transgressive qu’elle poursuit dans le récit de son existence est en lien avec une scène incestueuse traumatique. Mais le couple homosexuel avec June, la femme de Miller, occupe également une place centrale pour Anaïs Nin, car il représente l’actualisation de la relation incestuelle originaire.
Le choix du roi et la différence des sexes
Authors: Ozoux-Teffaine Ombline
Published: April 2012

Résumé À partir des traditions populaires l’auteur recherche la fantasmatique sous-jacente au choix du sexe de l’enfant en adoption. Une famille en thérapie montre la fonction du fantasme en faveur de l’accès à la différence des sexes.
Les enfants parlent au nom des parents
Authors: Levisky Ruth Blay
Published: April 2012

Résumé Le but de ce travail est de mettre en lumière la rapidité et les effets des communications dans un groupe familial. Lors de la thérapie d’une famille, l’auteur s’est intéressée aux distorsions, transformations, déviations et projections dans la dynamique des processus de communication. La présence de deux enfants, respectivement âgés de deux ans et six mois, a mobilisé des réactions contre-transférentielles qui, pour la thérapeute, ont fonctionné comme une rétro-action dans la communication.
Un mouvement social paradigmatique ?
Authors: Bereni Laure , Revillard Anne
Published: April 2012

RÃ©sumÃ© Si l'intérêt d'une approche en termes de genre commence à être reconnu par la sociologie des mobilisations collectives en France, les travaux sur les mouvements des femmes restent largement ignorés. Or ces recherches, au-delà de leur intérêt empirique, invitent à repenser les catégories fondamentales d'analyse des mouvements sociaux. Fondé sur une revue non exhaustive de la littérature, au croisement de l'histoire, de la sociologie et de la science politique, cet article montre que l'étude des mouvements des femmes interroge trois frontières souvent excessivement rigidifiées par la sociologie des mobilisations collectives et du militantisme : entre privé et public, entre militantisme et non-militantisme, et entre mouvements et institutions.
Les professeurs des écoles et la psychologie
Authors: Morel Stanislas
Published: April 2012

Résumé Situé à l'intersection de la sociologie des professions et de la sociologie du travail, cet article analyse, à partir d'une enquête réalisée dans une école primaire, les usages que les professeurs des écoles font de la psychologie d'inspiration psychanalytique. Dans un contexte de relatif déclin de la valeur sociale de leur profession, le recours à la psychologie vise d'abord à apporter une caution scientifique aux pratiques professionnelles des enseignants. Outil de professionnalisation du groupe, la psychologie est aussi à l'origine de sa segmentation : outre qu'elles donnent lieu à des pratiques contrastées, les compétences psychologiques, inégalement distribuées, sont en effet mobilisées dans le cadre de stratégies distinctives. Le recours à la psychologie s'explique enfin par le caractère opérationnel de cette science appliquée : c'est en centrant l'analyse sur le travail et en décrivant ses applications qu'on se donne les moyens de comprendre la large diffusion du registre psychologique chez les professeurs des écoles.
Prototipo para la creación de un Sistema de Información Geográfica WEB para la gestión de elementos universitarios localizados espacialmente
Authors: Gascueña C. M. , Guadalupe R.
Published: April 2012

Este trabajo nace con la necesidad de ofrecer un Sistema de Información Geográfico implantado en un entorno Web, para una comunidad de usuarios, que proporcione información sobre recursos, instalaciones y servicios que se ofrecen localizados espacialmente.

Se trata de estudiar y seleccionar ciertos objetos de interés relevantes para una Comunidad universitaria, en concreto se ha utilizado el Campus Sur de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Estos objetos serán representados en su localización geográfica, sobre el mapa de los exteriores del Campus o sobre planos digitalizados de los interiores de algunos de los edificios que lo componen. La Escuela Universitaria de Informática es la utilizada para el prototipo presentado en este trabajo. Además los objetos de interés llevarán asociada información temática con distintos formatos. Este sistema podrá aplicarse en la planificación de futuras obras, tanto nuevas como de remodelación, de los elementos que constituyen el Campus como, edificios, caminos, aparcamientos, etc.
FcγRIIb and BAFF Differentially Regulate Peritoneal B1 Cell Survival
Authors: Amezcua Vesely María C. , Schwartz Marc , Bermejo Daniela A. , Montes Carolina L. , Cautivo Kelly M. , Kalergis Alexis M. , Rawlings David J. , Acosta-Rodríguez Eva V. , Gruppi Adriana
Published: April 2012

B1 cells produce most natural Abs in unimmunized mice and play a key role in the response to thymus-independent Ags and microbial infection. Enlargement of B1 cell number in mice is often associated with autoimmunity. However, the factors that control peripheral B1 cell survival remain poorly characterized. Mice lacking the inhibitory receptor FcγRIIb exhibit a massive expansion in peritoneal B1 cells, implicating this receptor in B1 cell homeostasis. In this study, we show that peritoneal B1 cells express the highest levels of FcγRIIb among B cell subsets and are highly susceptible to FcγRIIb-mediated apoptosis. B1 cells upregulate FcγRIIb in response to innate signals, including CpG, and the B cell homeostatic cytokine BAFF efficiently protects activated B1 cells from FcγRIIb-mediated apoptosis via receptor downregulation. BAFF-transgenic mice manifest an expansion of peritoneal B1 cells that express lower levels of FcγRIIb and exhibit reduced susceptibility to apoptosis. Whereas both peritoneal B1 cells from wild-type and BAFF-transgenic mice immunized with CpG exhibit an increase in FcγRIIb levels, this change is blunted in BAFF-transgenic animals. Our combined results demonstrate that FcγRIIb controls peritoneal B1 cell survival and this program can be modulated by the BAFF signaling axis.
TLR9 and MyD88 Are Crucial for the Development of Protective Immunity to Malaria
Authors: Gowda Nagaraj M. , Wu Xianzhu , Gowda D. Channe
Published: April 2012

Effective resolution of malaria infection by avoiding pathogenesis requires regulated pro- to anti-inflammatory responses and the development of protective immunity. TLRs are known to be critical for initiating innate immune responses, but their roles in the regulation of immune responses and development of protective immunity to malaria remain poorly understood. In this study, using wild-type, TLR2−/−, TLR4−/−, TLR9−/−, and MyD88−/− mice infected with Plasmodium yoelii, we show that TLR9 and MyD88 regulate pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines, Th1/Th2 development, and cellular and humoral responses. Dendritic cells from TLR9−/− and MyD88−/− mice produced significantly lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines and higher levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines than dendritic cells from wild-type mice. NK and CD8+ T cells from TLR9−/− and MyD88−/− mice showed markedly impaired cytotoxic activity. Furthermore, mice deficient in TLR9 and MyD88 showed higher Th2-type and lower Th1-type IgGs. Consequently, TLR9−/− and MyD88−/− mice exhibited compromised ability to control parasitemia and were susceptible to death. Our data also show that TLR9 and MyD88 distinctively regulate immune responses to malaria infection. TLR9−/− but not MyD88−/− mice produced significant levels of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and IL-18, by other TLRs/inflammasome- and/or IL-1R/IL-18R–mediated signaling. Thus, whereas MyD88−/− mice completely lacked cell-mediated immunity, TLR9−/− mice showed low levels of cell-mediated immunity and were slightly more resistant to malaria infection than MyD88−/− mice. Overall, our findings demonstrate that TLR9 and MyD88 play central roles in the immune regulation and development of protective immunity to malaria, and have implications in understanding immune responses to other pathogens.
Engineering DNA Nanoparticles as Immunomodulatory Reagents that Activate Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Huang Lei , Lemos Henrique P. , Li Lingqian , Li MingHui , Chandler Phillip R. , Baban Babak , McGaha Tracy L. , Ravishankar Buvana , Lee Jeffrey R. , Munn David H. , Mellor Andrew L.
Published: April 2012

Nanoparticles containing DNA complexed with the cationic polymer polyethylenimine are efficient vehicles to transduce DNA into cells and organisms. DNA/polyethylenimine nanoparticles (DNPs) also elicit rapid and systemic release of proinflammatory cytokines that promote antitumor immunity. In this study, we report that DNPs possess previously unrecognized immunomodulatory attributes due to rapid upregulation of IDO enzyme activity in lymphoid tissues of mice. IDO induction in response to DNP treatment caused dendritic cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) to acquire potent regulatory phenotypes. As expected, DNP treatment stimulated rapid increase in serum levels of IFN type I (IFN-αβ) and II (IFN-γ), which are both potent IDO inducers. IDO-mediated Treg activation was dependent on IFN type I receptor signaling, whereas IFN-γ receptor signaling was not essential for this response. Moreover, systemic IFN-γ release was caused by TLR9-dependent activation of NK cells, whereas TLR9 signaling was not required for IFN-αβ release. Accordingly, DNPs lacking immunostimulatory TLR9 ligands in DNA stimulated IFN-αβ production, induced IDO, and promoted regulatory outcomes, but did not stimulate potentially toxic, systemic release of IFN-γ. DNP treatment to induce IDO and activate Tregs blocked Ag-specific T cell responses elicited in vivo following immunization and suppressed joint pathology in a model of immune-mediated arthritis. Thus, DNPs lacking TLR9 ligands may be safe and effective reagents to protect healthy tissues from immune-mediated destruction in clinical hyperimmune syndromes.
Improvements of organic aerosol representations and their effects in large-scale atmospheric models
Authors: Tost H. , Pringle K. J.
Published: April 2012

Abstract. Organics dominate the composition of the atmospheric aerosol, especially in the fine mode, influencing some of its characteristics such as the hygroscopicity, which is of climatic relevance for the Earth system. This study targets an improvement in the description of organic aerosols suitable for large-scale modelling, making use of recent developments based on laboratory and field measurements. In addition to the organic mass and particle number distribution, the proposed method keeps track of the oxidation state of the aerosol based on the OH exposure time, describing some of its chemical characteristics. This study presents the application of the method in a global chemistry climate model, investigates the sensitivity to process formulations and emission assignments, provides a comparison with observations and analyses the climate impact. Even though the organic aerosol mass distribution is hardly affected by the new formulation, it shows impacts (regionally of the order of 10% to 20%) on parameters directly influencing climate via the direct and indirect aerosol effects. Furthermore, the global distribution of the organic O:C ratio is analysed in detail, leading to different regimes in the oxidation state: low O:C ratios over the tropical continents due to small OH concentrations caused by OH depletion in chemical reactions, and enhanced oxidation states over the tropical oceans based on the OH abundance and at high altitudes due to longer atmospheric residence time. Due to the relation between O:C ratio and the aerosol hygroscopicity the ageing results in a more accurate description of aerosol water uptake by the organic aerosol. In comparison with observations reasonable agreement within the limits of a global model of the simulations is achieved.
Natural variability and anthropogenic effects in a Central Mediterranean core
Authors: Alessio S. , Vivaldo G. , Taricco C. , Ghil M.
Published: April 2012

Abstract. We evaluate the contribution of natural variability to the modern decrease in foraminiferal δ18O by relying on a 2200-yr-long, high-resolution record of oxygen isotopic ratio from a Central Mediterranean sediment core. Pre-industrial values are used to train and test two sets of algorithms that are able to forecast the natural variability in δ18O over the last 150 yr. These algorithms are based on autoregressive models and neural networks, respectively; they are applied separately to each of the δ18O series' significant variability components, rather than to the complete series. The separate components are extracted by singular-spectrum analysis and have narrow-band spectral content, which reduces the forecast error. By comparing the sum of the predicted low-frequency components to its actual values during the Industrial Era, we deduce that the natural contribution to these components of the modern δ18O variation decreased gradually, until it reached roughly 40%, as early as the end of the 1970s.
The climate in the Baltic Sea region during the last millennium
Authors: Schimanke S. , Meier H. E. M. , Kjellström E. , Strandberg G. , Hordoir R.
Published: April 2012

Abstract. Variability and long-term climate change in the Baltic Sea region is investigated for the pre-industrial period of the last millennium. For the first time dynamical downscaling covering the complete millennium is conducted with a regional climate model in this area. As a result of changing external forcing conditions the model simulation shows warm conditions in the first centuries followed by a gradual cooling until c. 1700 before temperature increases in the last centuries. This long-term evolution, with a Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and a Little Ice Age (LIA), is in broad agreement with proxy-based reconstructions. However, the timing of warm and cold events is not captured at all times. We show that the regional response to the global climate anomalies is to a strong degree modified by the large-scale circulation in the model. In particular, we find that a positive NAO-phase simulated during MCA contributes to enhancing winter temperatures and precipitation in the region while a negative NAO-anomaly in the LIA reduces them. In a second step, the regional ocean model RCO is used to investigate the impact of atmospheric changes onto the Baltic Sea for two 100 yr time slices representing the MCA and the LIA. Besides the warming of the Baltic Sea the water becomes fresher at all levels during the MCA. This is induced by increased runoff and stronger westerly winds. Moreover, the oxygen concentrations in the deep layers are slightly reduced during the MCA. Additional sensitivity studies are conducted to investigate the impact of even higher temperatures and increased nutrient loads. The presented experiments suggest that changing nutrient loads may be more important determining oxygen depletion than changes in temperature or dynamic feedbacks.
Vegetation history of Central Chukotka deduced from permafrost paleoenvironmental records of the El'gygytgyn Impact Crater
Authors: Andreev A. A. , Morozova E. , Fedorov G. , Schirrmeister L. , Bobrov A. A. , Kienast F. , Schwamborn G.
Published: April 2012

Abstract. Frozen sediments from three cores bored in permafrost surrounding of the El'gygytgyn Impact Crater Lake have been studied for pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs, plant macrofossils, and rhizopods. The palynological study of the cores contributes to a higher resolution of time intervals presented in a poor temporal resolution in the lacustrine sediments; namely the Allerød and succeeding periods. Moreover, permafrost records better reflect local environmental changes, thus, allowing more reliable reconstruction of the local paleoenvironments. The new data confirm that shrub tundra with dwarf birch, shrub alder and willow dominated in the lake surroundings during the Allerød warming. Younger Dryas pollen assemblages reflect abrupt changes to grass-sedge-herb dominated environments reflecting significant climate deterioration. Low shrub tundra with dwarf birch and willow dominate the lake vicinity at the onset of the Holocene. The founds of larch seeds indicate its local presence around 11 000 cal. yr BP and, thus a northward shift of treeline by about 100 km during the early Holocene thermal optimum. Forest tundra with larch and shrub alder stands grew in the area during the early Holocene. After ca. 3500 cal. yr BP similar-to-modern plant communities became common in the lake vicinity.
Technical Note: On the memory effects in the analysis of δ2H and δ18O water samples measured by different laser spectroscopes
Authors: Penna D. , Stenni B. , Šanda M. , Wrede S. , Bogaard T. A. , Michelini M. , Fischer B. M. C. , Gobbi A. , Mantese N. , Borga M. , Bonazza M. , Sobotková M.
Published: April 2012

Abstract. This study focuses on the assessment of the practical implications of memory effects on the isotopic measurements of δ2H and δ18O in water samples analysed by means of laser spectroscopy. A set of ten depleted stable isotope samples featuring a broad range of isotopic compositions was measured by two Off-Axis Integrated Cavity Output Spectroscopy and two Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy instruments. The analysis scheme was set up to encompass both small (less than 2‰ for δ2H and 1‰ for δ18O) and large differences (up to 201‰ for δ2H and 25‰ for δ18O) in isotopic compositions between adjacent vials. All samples were injected 18 times for each analysis and the memory effect was computed for the entire run. Results showed that samples most affected by high inter-vial isotopic difference exhibited a tendency to stabilize after the first 7 or 8 injections, most likely as a result of memory effects during the run. These memory effects were quantified amounting to 14% and 9% of δ2H and δ18O measurements, respectively, with a decline to negligible values when first injections were discarded. The lowest percentages of memory effects were found for those instruments employing a long analysis time per injection, which most likely facilitated the removal of residual water molecules from the cavity. The measurement variability (range and standard deviation) for each sample was found to be strongly dependent on the isotopic differences between adjacent vials. A significant increase in measurement precision was obtained when injections most affected by memory effects were discarded from the computation of the reportable delta value. In conclusion, this study provides practical solutions to avoid or reduce the consequences of memory effects.
Analysis of SMOS brightness temperature and vegetation optical depth data with coupled land surface and radiative transfer models in Southern Germany
Authors: Schlenz F. , dall'Amico J. T. , Mauser W. , Loew A.
Published: April 2012

Abstract. Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) L1c brightness temperature and L2 optical depth data are analysed with a coupled land surface (PROMET) and radiative transfer model (L-MEB) that are used as tool for the analysis and validation of passive microwave satellite observations. The coupled models are validated with ground and airborne measurements under contrasting soil moisture, vegetation and temperature conditions during the SMOS Validation Campaign in May and June 2010 in the SMOS test site Upper Danube Catchment in Southern Germany with good results. The brightness temperature root-mean-squared errors are between 6 K and 9 K and can partly be attributed to a known bias in the airborne L-band measurements. The L-MEB parameterization is considered appropriate under local conditions even though it might possibly further be optimised. SMOS L1c brightness temperature data are processed and analysed in the Upper Danube Catchment using the coupled models in 2011 and during the SMOS Validation Campaign 2010 together with airborne L-band brightness temperature data. Only low to fair correlations are found for this comparison (R < 0.5). SMOS L1c brightness temperature data do not show the expected seasonal behaviour and are positively biased. It is concluded that RFI is responsible for most of the observed problems in the SMOS data products in the Upper Danube Catchment. This is consistent with the observed dry bias in the SMOS L2 soil moisture products which can also be related to RFI. It is confirmed that the brightness temperature data from the lower SMOS look angles are less reliable. This information could be used to improve the brightness temperature data filtering before the soil moisture retrieval. SMOS L2 optical depth values have been compared to modelled data and are not considered a reliable source of information about vegetation due to missing seasonal behaviour and a very high mean value. A fairly strong correlation between SMOS L2 soil moisture and optical depth was found (R = 0.65) even though the two variables are considered independent in the study area. The value of coupled models as a tool for the analysis of passive microwave remote sensing data is demonstrated by extending this SMOS data analysis from a few days during a field campaign to a long term comparison.
Operational evaluation of the Mediterranean Monitoring and Forecasting Centre products: implementation and results
Authors: Tonani M. , Nilsson J. A. U. , Lyubartsev V. , Grandi A. , Aydogdu A. , Azzopardi J. , Bolzon G. , Bruschi A. , Drago A. , Garau T. , Gatti J. , Gertman I. , Goldman R. , Hayes D. , Korres G. , Lorente P. , Malacic V. , Mantziafou A. , Nardone G. , Olita A. , Ozsoy E. , Pairaud I. , Pensieri S. , Perivoliotis L. , Petelin B. , Ravaioli M. , Renault L. , Sofianos S. , Sotillo M. G. , Teruzzi A. , Zodiatis G.
Published: April 2012

Abstract. A web-based validation platform has been developed at the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) for the Near Real Time validation of the MyOcean-Mediterranean Monitoring and Forecasting Centre products (Med-MFC). A network for the collection of the in-situ observations, the nested sub-basin forecasting systems model data (provided by the partners of the Mediterranean Operational Oceanography Network, MOON) and the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) satellite data has been developed and is updated every day with the new available data. The network collects temperature, salinity, currents and sea level data. The validation of the biogeochemical forecast products is done by use of ocean colour satellite data produced for the Mediterranean Sea. All the data are organized in an ad hoc database interfaced with a dedicated software which allows interactive visualizations and statistics (CalVal SW). This tool allows to evaluate NRT products by comparison with independent observations for the first time. The heterogeneous distribution and the scarcity of moored observations reflect with large areas uncovered with measurements. Nevertheless, the evaluation of the forecast at the locations of observations could be very useful to discover sub-regions where the model performances can be improved, thus yielding an important complement to the basin-mean statistics regularly calculated for the Mediterranean MFC products using semi-independent observations.
The Posthuman Future of Man: Anthropocentrism and the Other of Technology in Anglo-American Science Fiction
Authors: Pordzik Ralph
Published: April 2012

Novels and short stories written since the last decades of the nineteenth century and employing discourses of technology have contributed to shaping the idea of the “posthuman condition” in the West to such a degree that some critics already feel entitled to announce the Age of the Posthuman. This essay interrogates some of the embarrassingly quixotic proposals of posthumanism, taking H. G. Wells's Time Machine (1895), William Gibson's Neuromancer (1984), and Margaret Atwood's Oryx and Crake (2004) as paradigmatic texts exploring patterns of mutation, virtuality, and bioengineering. In their concern for the apocalyptic and their sometime depiction of the glorious moment of Herculean victory over classical “human” man (or the “liberal subject”), these novels articulate the Western self's undaunted desire for the perfect Other, implying critical and even ironic gestures that question the propagation of a “new” human condition or the idea of absolute boundaries of the human.
Apocalyptic Visions and Utopian Spaces in Late Victorian and Edwardian Prophecy Fiction
Authors: Stähler Axel
Published: April 2012

Prophecy fiction emerged around the turn of the nineteenth to the twentieth century. It is suggested in this article that, like modernist literature, it articulates a reaction to, and against, modernity, providing an alternative response to its fragmenting, decentering, and spiritually draining impact on traditional societies. In contrast to the mostly cerebral engagement of modernist fiction with religious experience recently argued for by Pericles Lewis, these texts are shown to retort affirmatively and exhortatively to the widespread crisis of faith of their time with literary (re)visions of scriptural apocalyptic prophecy. It is argued that prophecy fiction amalgamates utopian and apocalyptic elements in order to promote a specific imagined community and its spatial correlative.
Quodlibet: Giorgio Agamben's Anti-Utopia
Authors: Salzani Carlo
Published: April 2012

The article analyzes the ethical and political stakes in Giorgio Agamben's The Coming Community. The book was first published in Italian in 1990 and was translated into English in 1993. It was then republished in Italian in 2001, with a short new apostil by the author that reaffirms its persistent and actual “inactuality.” In this text Agamben establishes the philosophical foundations of the long-lasting project started with the publication of Homo sacer (1995). Its republication in 2001 seems thus to reaffirm the politics of his analysis of the past fifteen years. The argument revolves around the analysis of the “whatever singularity” (qualunque in Italian, quodlibet in Latin) as the subject of the “coming community,” a singularity that presents an “inessential commonality, a solidarity that in no way concerns an essence.” Whatever must not be understood as “indifference” but, rather, as “being such that it always matters.” The ethical and political proposal consists in the call to adhere to this singularity without identity and representation in order to construe a community without postulates and thus also without “subjects.” The paradigm of this politics is identified in Nancy's term inoperativeness (inoperosità), a messianic “de-creation.” The inoperative whatever is directed toward a politics che viene, à-venir as distinct from futura, future: It implies in fact the renunciation of construing images of the future—“utopia is the very topicality of things.”
Quem são os cuidadores de idosos em situação de final de vida atendidos pela Estratégia Saúde da Família?
Authors: Reis Daniele Tavares dos , Eiras Daniela De Lira , Jacóia Stéphanie Caroline , Silva Lucía , Bousso Regina Szylit
Published: April 2012

Introdução: A situação de final de vida impõe maior dependência ao idoso, podendo acarretar impacto na família e sobrecarga para o cuidador. Objetivo: Identificar o perfil de cuidadores de idosos em situação de final de vida atendidos pela Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) de município do interior paulista. Métodos: Realizou-se uma pesquisa do tipo descritivo-exploratória de abordagem quantitativa, em unidades da ESF, em Botucatu/SP, por meio de consulta a prontuários. Os dados foram organizados e analisados utilizando-se estatística descritiva. Resultados: Dos 54 cuidadores, 83,3% eram familiares; 70,4%, mulheres; 20,3%, aposentados; 22,2% tinham entre 40 e 50 anos; e 42,6%, de quatro a oito anos de aprovação escolar. Conclusões: Os cuidadores de idosos são predominantemente mulheres de meia idade, sendo na maioria familiares do idoso. Conhecer melhor o perfil desses cuidadores pode contribuir para direcionar ações de cuidados profissionais, sobretudo, para amenizar o desgaste que acarreta o papel de único cuidador.
Hipertrofia do miocárdio e alteração hemodinâmica em ratos expostos à fumaça de cigarro
Authors: Reis Junior Dermeval , Sales Bocalini Danilo , Antonio Ednei Luiz , Tonicelo Ricardo , Serra Andrey Jorge , Abreu Luiz Carlos de
Published: April 2012

Introdução: É previsto que o fumo promova alterações morfofuncionais no miocárdio; entretanto, são obscuros os mecanismos atuantes. Objetivos: Visa-se avaliar as influências morfofuncionais cardíacas da fumaça de cigarro em ratos. Métodos: Utilizaram-se ratos Wistar machos, divididos nos grupos: F, fumante (n=10), submetidos à fumaça de cigarros e C, controle (n=10), ao ar ambiente, duas vezes ao dia, oito semanas consecutivas. Mediram-se parâmetros biométricos e hemodinâmicos. Resultados: O F teve menor ganho de peso corporal e massa miocárdica absoluta (1014 ± 31 mg) e indexada (2,60 ± 0,07 mg/g) maiores comparados ao C (770 ± 12 mg e 2.2 ± 0,04 mg/g, nesta ordem). A +dP/dt foi maior em F (15870 ± 188 mmHg/s) versus C (12800 ± 78 mmHg/s). Conclusão: Verificou-se que ratos expostos ao fumo crônico tiveram tendência à atenuação no ganho de peso corpóreo, miocárdio hipertrofiado e aumento da +dP/dt ventricular esquerda.
Análise do controle autonômico de controladores de tráfego aéreo por meio da variabilidade cardíaca
Authors: Pacetti Giovani Arnaldo , Kawaguchi Leandro Y. A. , Parente Márcio , Aimbire Flávio , Silveira Nelson José Freitas da , Albertini Regiane
Published: April 2012

Objetivo: Analisar o comportamento do SNA por meio da análise da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em controladores de tráfego aéreo. Métodos: Vinte alunos foram submetidos a dois protocolos: a) repouso e b) prática simulada de não radar. Os intervalos RR foram registrados por meio de um monitor cardíaco e tratados pela transformada Wavelet contínua. Resultados: O comportamento do sistema nervoso simpático calculado pela área sob a curva entre 0,04 e 0,15 Hz (LF) foi igual a 852,46 ± 519,67, durante a prática simulada de não radar, e de 332,4 ± 286,58, para o sistema simpático durante repouso p ≤ 0,05. Analisando o comportamento da FC nas situações de prática simulada de não radar e repouso, obtiveram-se valores, respectivamente, de 86,424 ±12,36 e 60,80 ±7,30, p≤0,05. Conclusão: Os controladores de tráfego aéreo apresentaram predomínio de estímulo simpático e aumento de FC, mostrando alto índice de estresse durante a atividade.
Avaliação da qualidade de vida e da flexibilidade de mulheres climatéricas após alongamento – estudo piloto
Authors: Silva Andressa Da , Macri Silmara Patrícia Correia da Silva , Cabral Cristina Maria Nunes
Published: April 2012

Objetivo: Verificar o efeito do alongamento muscular na qualidade de vida e na flexibilidade de mulheres climatéricas. Métodos: Foram selecionadas 10 mulheres sedentárias, no período do climatério, com pelo menos dois sintomas climatéricos há seis meses. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada por meio do Questionário da Saúde da Mulher, e a flexibilidade, pelo teste terceiro dedo-solo. As participantes realizaram alongamento muscular ativo, durante seis semanas, três vezes por semana, e duração de 40 minutos cada sessão. Resultados: Houve uma melhora significante da flexibilidade após o alongamento muscular (p=0,05). Os domínios de qualidade de vida que apresentaram melhora importante após o alongamento foram a memória e concentração (p=0,024) e os sintomas vasomotores (p=0,020). Conclusões: Pode-se inferir que o alongamento muscular proporcionou melhora da flexibilidade e de alguns domínios da qualidade de vida, tais como memória e concentração e sintomas vasomotores.
Impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida de crianças de 6 a 10 anos
Authors: Motta Lara Jansiski , Tanizaga Nilza Haga , Guedes Carolina Cardoso , Fernandes Kristianne Porta Santos , Mesquita-Ferrari Raquel Agnelli , Bussadori Sandra Kalil
Published: April 2012

Introdução: A saúde bucal é um componente indissociável da saúde geral. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida de escolares entre 6 e 10 anos. Métodos: Aplicou-se um questionário de necessidade percebida Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) e realizou-se exame clínico em escolares entre 6 e 10 anos de idade (n=265). Utilizou-se o teste qui quadrado para a associação entre as variáveis categóricas e análise de variância (ANOVA) para comparação de médias. Resultados: Observou-se que o índice de cárie mais alto foi encontrado nas crianças de 7 anos (número de dentes comprometidos por cárie =2) e a distribuição das respostas do OHIP-14 apresentou uma média de 3,7311. Em relação ao impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida, 89,4% apresentaram impacto fraco. Conclusões: O impacto de saúde bucal na população estudada foi fraco; porém, observou-se que, quando ele foi forte, interferiu nas atividades diárias das crianças.
Motivação de higiene dental utilizando brinquedos com temas odontológicos
Authors: De Moraes Kelly Regina , Aldrigui Janaina Merli , Oliveira Luciana Butini , Rodrigues Célia Martins Delgado , Wanderley Marcia Turolla
Published: April 2012

Introdução: A motivação é importante para o sucesso na orientação de higiene dental de pré-escolares. Objetivo: Comparar o índice de placa em crianças, antes e após motivação de higiene dental, realizada por meio de brinquedos com motivos odontológicos. Métodos: Trinta e cinco crianças (4 a 6 anos) foram divididas em: grupo controle – orientação com manequim e escova; grupo experimental – orientação com manequim e escova e motivação com brinquedos. Realizou-se índice de placa antes e após 7 e 15 dias da orientação de higiene. Os dados foram submetidos ao teste Kruskal-Wallis (p
Sonolência diurna e qualidade do sono em estudantes universitários de fisioterapia
Authors: Almeida Jarly Oliveira Santos , Siqueira Pedro Paulo Simões de , Lima Anna Myrna Jaguaribe de , Brasileiro-Santos Maria Do Socorro , Galindo Filho Valdecir Castor
Published: April 2012

Objetivo: Traçar um perfil da qualidade do sono e sonolência diurna dos universitários acadêmicos de graduação em Fisioterapia, possibilitando identificar a prevalência dos distúrbios do sono da amostra analisada. Métodos: Foram entrevistados 260 acadêmicos usando-se o Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI) e a Escala de Sonolência de Epworth (ESE). Resultados: Observou-se que 48% (n=124) dos estudantes apresentavam escores do PSQI ≥ 5. Na análise da ESE, 28% (n=74) dos participantes apresentavam sonolência diurna classificada entre os três níveis. Conclusão: Neste trabalho, demonstrou-se que os estudantes analisados subestimam sua qualidade do sono. Considerando o papel do sono na vida do indivíduo, um nível de sono não adequado afeta diretamente os compromissos da vida acadêmica e da cotidiana. Portanto, é essencial a realização de mais estudos para identificar os mecanismos que alteram a normalidade dessa função.
Comparação da força muscular entre mulheres brasileiras com e sem síndrome metabólica
Authors: Tibana Ramires Alsamir , Tajra Vitor , César Denis , De Farias Darlan Lopes , Teixeira Tatiane Gomes , Prestes Jonato
Published: April 2012

Introdução: A síndrome metabólica (SM) é caracterizada pelo agrupamento de fatores de risco cardiovascular como obesidade abdominal, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, resistência à insulina, intolerância à glicose/diabetes do tipo 2 e dislipidemia. Estudos têm demonstrado que baixos níveis de força muscular estão fortemente associados à prevalência de SM; no entanto, em nenhum estudo analisou-se a força muscular em mulheres brasileiras com SM. Objetivo: Comparar a força muscular entre brasileiras com e sem síndrome metabólica. Métodos: Foram avaliadas 17 (37,2±8,2 anos) mulheres brasileiras com SM, e 21 sem (33,2±7,6 anos). A SM foi definida de acordo com o National Cholesterol Education Program – Adult Treatment Panel III e a força muscular foi mensurada pelo teste de preensão manual. Resultados: A força muscular normalizada pelo peso corporal foi significativamente menor em mulheres com SM (p=0,005). Conclusão: Mulheres com SM apresentam valores de força muscular relativa menores do que as saudáveis.
Correlação entre perfil clínico, qualidade de vida e incapacidade dos pacientes da Associação Brasil Parkinson
Authors: Silva Paula Fernanda da Costa , Pereira Rita Pavione Rodrigues , Silva Soraia Micaela , Corrêa João Carlos Ferrari , Corrêa Fernanda Ishida
Published: April 2012

Introdução: Portadores da Doença de Parkinson (DP) apresentam sintomas como os tremores de repouso, o freezing, a bradicinesia e a rigidez muscular que levam ao declínio funcional e dificuldades na execução das atividades de vida diária (AVD), consequentemente, comprometendo sua qualidade de vida (QV). Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil clínico e percepção de QV de parkinsonianos assistidos na Associação Brasil Parkinson (ABP) e correlacionar com a progressão da doença e nível de incapacidade. Método: A avaliação clínico-funcional dos indivíduos foi realizada por meio da Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rate Scale (UPDRS), Escala de estágios de incapacidade de Hoehn e Yahr (HY) modificada e Questionário da doença de Parkinson (PDQ-39). Resultados: Não houve correlação significante entre progressão da doença e QV; porém, observou-se correlação moderada (r=0,5) entre incapacidade e QV, p
Efeito agudo da espirometria de incentivo sobre os volumes pulmonares em indivíduos hemiparéticos
Authors: Lima Íllia Nadinne Dantas Florentino , Ferrreira Gardênia Maria Holanda , Campos Tânia Fernandes , Fregonezi Guilherme Augusto de Freitas
Published: April 2012

Introdução: O acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) gera numerosas repercussões no sistema respiratório. Objetivos: Comparar as variações volumétricas da caixa torácica durante o uso da espirometria de incentivo (EI) volume-orientada e avaliar seu comportamento entre indivíduos hemiparéticos pós-AVC e sujeitos saudáveis. Foram estudados 14 indivíduos (7 hemiparéticos e 7 saudáveis) utilizando a Pletismografia Opto-eletrônica. Resultados: O grupo AVC em relação ao controle apresentou, em mediana, valores menores de CVF (L), CVF%, VEF1(L), PEmáx (cmH2O) e PEmáx (%), assim como mostrou volume corrente 32,3% menor (p = 0,031), durante a realização da EI. Conclusão: Houve participação 25% menor do compartimento caixa torácica pulmonar, no grupo AVC no volume corrente, comparada a do controle (p = 0, 0156), e para o compartimento abdominal, o grupo AVC apresentou 43% maior participação no volume corrente, comparada a do controle (p = 0,031), no período pré EI.