bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrating –omics data into genome-scale metabolic network models: principles and challenges
Authors: Ramon Charlotte , Gollub Mattia G. , Stelling Jörg
Published: October 2018

At genome scale, it is not yet possible to devise detailed kinetic models for metabolism because data on the in vivo biochemistry are too sparse. Predictive large-scale models for metabolism most commonly use the constraint-based framework, in which network structures constrain possible metabolic phenotypes at steady state. However, these models commonly leave many possibilities open, making them less predictive than desired. With increasingly available –omics data, it is appealing to increase the predictive power of constraint-based models (CBMs) through data integration. Many corresponding methods have been developed, but data integration is still a challenge and existing methods perform less well than expected. Here, we review main approaches for the integration of different types of –omics data into CBMs focussing on the methods’ assumptions and limitations. We argue that key assumptions – often derived from single-enzyme kinetics – do not generally apply in the context of networks, thereby explaining current limitations. Emerging methods bridging CBMs and biochemical kinetics may allow for –omics data integration in a common framework to provide more accurate predictions.
Studying how genetic variants affect mechanism in biological systems
Authors: Raimondi Francesco , Russell Robert B.
Published: October 2018

Genetic variants are currently a major component of system-wide investigations into biological function or disease. Approaches to select variants (often out of thousands of candidates) that are responsible for a particular phenomenon have many clinical applications and can help illuminate differences between individuals. Selecting meaningful variants is greatly aided by integration with information about molecular mechanism, whether known from protein structures or interactions or biological pathways. In this review we discuss the nature of genetic variants, and recent studies highlighting what is currently known about the relationship between genetic variation, biomolecular function, and disease.
Research on key technologies in ±1100 kV ultra‐high voltage DC transmission
Authors: Liu Zehong , Zhang Fuxuan , Yu Jun , Gao Keli , Ma Weimin
Published: October 2018

Based on completely mastering ±800 kV transmission technologies, the first ±1100 kV direct current (DC) transmission demonstration project is being constructed in China. Combining theoretical analysis and a large number of experiments, the margin of switching overvoltage in converter stations, the configuration scheme and performance of lightning arresters, the shielding angles of ground lines under different geographical conditions, and the maximum air gap of lines have been determined. The switching impulse flashover characteristics of equipotential sphere and typical rod‐plane air gaps are also provided. The external insulation is designed differently for light, medium, and heavy pollution areas. For the ±1100 kV project, if the 8 × 1250 mm2 conductors are applied, the pole gap is 26 m and the height of the line is 25 m, all the electromagnetic parameters will meet the requirement of international electromagnetic standards. The key design points of ±1100 kV converter transformers, smoothing reactors, converter valves, and wall bushings are researched and the 75 mH smoothing reactors, ±1100 kV/5000 A converter valves, and ±1100 kV/5523 A wall bushings are successfully made. The optimised hierarchical connection modes and coordination control measure of the ±1100 kV project are studied and the results can provide sufficient technical support for the demonstration project.
Average BER and resource allocation in wireless powered decode‐and‐forward relay system
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Dhaka Kalpana
Published: October 2018

In this study, the authors analyse the average bit‐error rate (BER) of a wireless powered three‐node decode‐and‐forward (DF) relay system in a Rayleigh fading environment. The direct link between the source and the destination is present and the received signals are combined using equal gain combining at the destination. Data is assumed to be binary phase‐shift keying modulated. The relay node of the system is powered by the source node, i.e. the relay node harvests energy using radio frequency transmitted at the source node and forwards the signal using the harvested energy. The source data is communicated in three time slots; energy harvesting in the first time slot and selective DF relaying in the second and third time slots. The asymptotic expression of the average BER is analysed and used for the suboptimal energy allocation in different time slots. Since energy consumed in a slot depends on the transmitted power and the slot duration, the relation between them is used for the suboptimal allocation of the transmit power and time among different slots.
Oil exponent thermal modelling for traction transformer under multiple overloads
Authors: Zhou Lijun , Wang Lujia , Tang Haolong , Wang Jian , Guo Lei , Cui Yi
Published: October 2018

To quantify the non‐linear variation of top‐oil temperature with load current, and further investigate the key parameters in the thermal model, a model for calculating the oil exponent is proposed in this study. First, a global oil momentum model was established based on the fluid resistance characteristic. Then, based on the heat transfer coupling relationship between the winding, the oil flow, and the radiator (outside air), a set of control equations describing the oil temperature and the oil flow rate was established by using energy conservation. Simultaneously, the top‐oil temperature was recorded from a field traction transformer to verify the physical part of the proposed model. The regression model parameters were identified with the ordinary least‐square estimation so the oil exponent can be calculated naturally. The calculated oil exponent of the traction transformer at a wide range of load was 0.7308, so the accuracy was improved by 9.47% compared with the IEEE/IEC recommended value. Newly updated oil exponent was also verified through a dynamic overload heat run test. It is expected that the proposed oil exponent model can help in estimating top‐oil temperature with more convenience and accuracy, especially in frequent overload conditions.
Stochastic Monte Carlo‐based voltage variation analysis for low‐voltage hybrid DC/AC radial distribution feeders interfaced with DERs
Authors: Agrawal Alok , Gupta Rajesh
Published: October 2018

This study proposes a hybrid DC/AC radial distribution feeder architecture for the future microgrids. The architecture includes multiple distributed energy resource (DER) integrated household premises with AC and DC ports. Voltage unbalance (VU) and voltage drop (VD) in AC or DC distribution feeders are a research area that needs to be revisited in the light of the DERs integration. This study analyses the voltage variations occurring as a result of household DERs integration in the proposed low‐voltage hybrid DC/AC distribution feeders. The impact of DERs rating and its location on DC or AC distribution feeder voltage is analysed by varying these parameters stochastically, via Monte Carlo algorithm. Sweep backward–forward load flow analysis technique is implemented to gain knowledge of distribution node voltage profiles for different source and load scenarios. The impact of cross‐feeder VU, sag, and swell conditions is also evaluated here. The test case studies are primarily conducted for static conditions which are further extended to dynamic test profiles. This study would help in predicting a failure index of voltage fluctuations in the proposed hybrid DC/AC radial feeders in the presence of the DERs. The results are obtained through the MATLAB and PSCAD/EMTDC‐based simulation studies.
Research on optimisation of integrated energy system scheduling based on weak robust optimisation theory
Authors: Jiaqing Zhong , Lu Wang , Xiaoxiao Zhao , Bo Han
Published: October 2018

This study establishes a multi‐objective model for comprehensive energy system scheduling optimisation with wind farms, combined heat and power units, power to gas technology, circulating fluidised bed boilers and gas boilers. The goal is to minimise the operating costs and minimise the discharge of pollutants while meeting the constraints of the material balance of the circulating fluidised bed boiler. The improved weak robust optimisation theory is used to deal with the uncertainty of wind power, and the weak robust coefficient is introduced. By adjusting the coefficient, the optimal solution under the different tolerances of the deterioration of the objective function is obtained. The improved bacterial population chemotaxis algorithm is used to optimise the comprehensive energy system scheduling model, and a feasible solution with certain robustness is obtained. Sensitivity analysis under different risk levels is done. The simulation verifies the correctness and effectiveness of the optimised scheduling model and the improved algorithm.
Portfolio management of battery storages in multiple electricity markets
Authors: Huang Chenyang , Yan Zheng , Chen Sijie , Xu Xiaoyuan , Yang Su , Li Jing , Qu Haoyuan
Published: October 2018

A battery storage can diversify its portfolio by participating in the energy market, regulation market, and point‐to‐point (PTP) obligation market. In order for a battery storage to maximise profits and hedge risks, a portfolio management model that co‐optimises a storage's bids in these three markets is proposed. The proposed model is trained and validated by real market data. The performance of the proposed portfolio is compared with the portfolio without consideration of PTP obligation, indicating that the proposed method is effective in risk hedging. Numerical results also show the trade‐off between storage's expected profits and risks, which can be useful for a battery storage owner with a certain degree of risk aversion.
Computer aided diagnosis of glaucoma using discrete and empirical wavelet transform from fundus images
Authors: Kirar Bhupendra Singh , Agrawal Dheeraj Kumar
Published: October 2018

Glaucoma is a class of eye disorder; it causes progressive deterioration of optic nerve fibres. Discrete wavelet transforms (DWTs) and empirical wavelet transforms (EWTs) are widely used methods in the literature for feature extraction using image decomposition. However, to increase the accuracy for measuring features of images a hybrid and concatenation approach has been presented in the proposed research work. DWT decomposes images into approximate and detail coefficients and EWT decomposes images into its sub band images. The concatenation approach employs the combination of all features obtained using DWT and EWT and their combination. Extracted features from each of DWT, EWT, DWTEWT and EWTDWT are concatenated. Concatenated features are normalised, ranked and fed to singular value decomposition to find robust features. Fourteen robust features are used by support vector machine classifier. The obtained accuracy, sensitivity and specificity are 83.57, 86.40 and 80.80%, respectively, for tenfold cross validation which outperforms the existing methods of glaucoma detection.
CT and MRI image fusion based on multiscale decomposition method and hybrid approach
Authors: Chang Lihong , Feng Xiangchu , Zhu Xiaolong , Zhang Rui , He Ruiqiang , Xu Chen
Published: October 2018

In the fusion process of medical computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance image (MRI), traditional multiscale methods often reduce the contrast of fused images. Although sparse representation (SR) methods overcome this shortcoming, they are often too smooth along the strong edges of the fusion image. To overcome these shortcomings, CT and MRI image fusion based on multiscale decomposition method and hybrid approach is proposed. There are three main steps. First, the cartoon parts and texture parts of CT and MRI are obtained by the improved image decomposition method using global sparse gradients. Second, the large structure cartoon parts are fused using the specific cartoon dictionary and the ‘L1‐max norm’ principle. The textured parts are fused using non‐subsampled contourlet transformation (NSCT) and the maximum energy rule. Finally, the final result is obtained by superimposing the fused cartoon part and the fused texture part. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art method SR and NSCT in terms of visual effect and objective quality.
Planetary nebula IC 5148 and its ionized halo
Authors: Barría D. , Kimeswenger S. , Kausch W. , Goldman D. S.
Published: October 2018

Context. Many round or roundish planetary nebulae (PNe) show multiple shells and halo structures during their evolutionary stage near the maximum temperature of their central star. Controversial debate is ongoing if these structures are recombination halos, as suggested by hydrodynamic modeling efforts, or ionized material. Recently, we discovered a halo with somewhat unusual structures around the sparsely studied PN IC 5148 and present for the first time spectroscopy going out to the halo of such a PN.

Aims. We investigate the spatial distribution of material and its ionization state from the center of the nebula up to the very outskirts of the halo.

Methods. We obtained long-slit low resolution spectroscopy (FORS2 at VLT) of the nebula in two position angles, which we used to investigate the nebular structure and its halo in the optical range from 450 to 880 nm. In addition we used medium resolution spectra taken with X-shooter at VLT ranging from 320 nm to 2.4 μm to derive atmospheric parameters for the central star. We obtained the distance and position in the Galaxy from various methods combined with Gaia DR2 data. We also applied Cloudy models to the nebula in order to derive physical parameters of the various regions.

Results. We obtained spatially resolved structures and detailed descriptions of the outrunning shock front and a set of unusual halo structures denoted to further shock. The halo structures appears clearly as hot ionized material. Furthermore, we derived a reliable photometric value for the central star at a Gaia distance of D = 1.3 kpc. Considering the large distance z = 1.0 kpc from the galactic plane together to its non-circular motion in the galaxy and, a metallicity only slightly below that of typical disk PNe, most likely IC 5148 originates from a thick disk population star.
Irreducible polynomials in Int(ℤ)
Authors: Antoniou Austin , Nakato Sarah , Rissner Roswitha
Published: October 2018

In order to fully understand the factorization behavior of the ring Int(ℤ) = {f∈ ℚ[x] | f (ℤ) ⊆ ℤ} of integer-valued polynomials on ℤ, it is crucial to identify the irreducible elements. Peruginelli [8] gives an algorithmic criterion to recognize whether an integer-valued polynomialg/d] is irreducible in the case where d is a square-free integer and g ∈ ℤ[x] has fixed divisor d. For integer-valued polynomials with arbitrary composite denominators, so far there is no algorithmic criterion known to recognize whether they are irreducible. We describe a computational method which allows us to recognize all irreduciblexc polynomials in Int(ℤ). We present some known facts, preliminary new results and open questions.
A numerical scheme for problems in fractional calculus
Authors: Razzaghi M.
Published: October 2018

In this paper, a new numerical method for solving the fractional differential equations with boundary value problems is presented. The method is based upon hybrid functions approximation. The properties of hybrid functions consisting of block-pulse functions and Bernoulli polynomials are presented. The Riemann-Liouville fractional integral operator for hybrid functions is given. This operator is then utilized to reduce the solution of the boundary value problems for fractional differential equations to a system of algebraic equations. Illustrative examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the technique.
Non-linear failure rate: A comparison of the Bayesian and frequentist approaches to estimation
Authors: Thach Tien Thanh , Briš Radim
Published: October 2018

In this article, a new generalization of linear failure rate called nonlinear failure rate is developed, analyzed, and applied to a real dataset. A comparison of Bayesian and frequentist approaches to the estimation of parameters and reliability characteristics of non-linear failure rate is investigated. The maximum likelihood estimators are obtained using the cross-entropy method to optimize the log-likelihood function. The Bayes estimators of parameters and reliability characteristics are obtained via Markov chain Monte Carlo method. A simulation study is performed in order to compare the proposed Bayes estimators with maximum likelihood estimators on the basis of their biases and mean squared errors. We demonstrate that the proposed model fits a well-known dataset better than other mixture models.
Intelligent ALMM System - implementation assumptions for its Knowledge Base
Authors: Dudek-Dyduch Ewa , Gomolka Zbigniew , Twarog Boguslaw , Zeslawska Ewa
Published: October 2018

The paper introduces the concept of implementation assumptions about the Knowledge Base (KB) system cooperating with intelligent information system for the discrete optimization of problem solving, named Intelligent ALMM System. This system utilizes a modeling paradigm named Algebraic Logical Meta Model of Multistage Decision Processes (ALMM) and its theory, both developed by Dudek-Dyduch E. The system solves combinatorial and discrete optimization problems including NP-hard problems with possible user assistance. The models of problems are stored in a Problem Model Library. In this paper the idea of KB for the storage of the properties of problems is presented. The concept of the KB on problems presented in previous works has been extended by introducing an additional module pertaining to the properties of a problems library. A discussion was presented in the context of the selection of tools that enable the construction of such a library as well as its architecture. In the adopted strategy of storing the properties of problems, the interface for exchanging information is compatible with the library of problems using polymorphic and component properties of object-oriented programming. Considerations are explained by means of a sample UML diagram and interface prototypes.
Evolutionary algorithms with and without adaptive mutation in AI based cryptography
Authors: Tybura Mateusz
Published: October 2018

The key role of cryptography is to make cipher so hard to reproduce without knowing all the details that no one besides the recipient could decipher the message. Those algorithms which are used nowadays gets its security mostly from highly reliable algorithms and/or complicated cryptographic keys. Unfortunately, those human-made methods aren‘t invulnerable so sooner or later they compromise. So, it could be really useful to make a cipher which could change. But currently only neural networks are capable of thing known as transfer learning. In this article similar method was proposed in order to make it possible to re-learn already established evolutionary algorithm to do new, similar task.
The modified metric for self-organization wireless MESH networks
Authors: Paszkiewicz Andrzej , Zapała Przemysław
Published: October 2018

This paper concerns the modified metrics for MESH wireless networks. This metric is important when a specific data transmission path is being chosen. The parameters regarding the connection quality and overload are introduced in it. Therefore, the proposed metric takes a closer look at changing conditions of the wireless environment and contributes to a better self-organization functioning of this type of network. Its importance increases for networks characterized by the transmission of converged traffic. The paper also presents the results of a simulation showing the dependence of metric values on transmission parameters for selected wireless transmission technologies.
Searching for optimal machine learning algorithm for network traffic classification in intrusion detection system
Authors: Gerka Alicja
Published: October 2018

The main problem associated with the development of an effective network behaviour anomaly detection-based IDS model is the selection of the optimal network traffic classification method. This article presents the results of simulation research on the effectiveness of the use of machine learning algorithms in the network attacks detection. The research part of the work concerned finding the optimal method of network packets classification possible to implement in the intrusion detection system’s attack detection module. During the research, the performance of three machine learning algorithms (Artificial Neural Network, Support Vector Machine and Naïve Bayes Classifier) has been compared using a dataset from the KDD Cup competition. Attention was also paid to the relationship between the values of algorithm parameters and their effectiveness. The work also contains an short analysis of the state of cybersecurity in Poland.
Two-warehouse inventory model for deteriorating items with partial backlogging and advance payment scheme
Authors: Al-Amin Khan Md. , Shaikh Ali Akbar , Panda Gobinda Chandra , Konstantaras Ioannis
Published: October 2018

Advance payment has a great influence on making the optimal decision in an inventory system. Two-warehouse inventory system is another imperative factor in inventory analysis. Due to competitive marketing situation, the position of a warehouse performs a significant role in business strategy. Generally, retailers want to find a shop in a popular marketing place. So, they need an additional store room due to insufficient space in a popular marketplace. Also, we have considered the advance payment scheme which is made by equal installment up tontimes before receiving the products. Using all of these concepts in together, we have developed a two-warehouse inventory model for deteriorating items with advanced payment scheme. Shortages are allowed with a constant partial backlogging rate. Demand of the product is dependent on selling price. We have presented this physical problem in mathematically and solved. Also, we proved the optimality mathematically as well as graphically and proposed one theorem in order to show the optimality in theoretically. We have supplied a numerical example to illustrate the proposed inventory model. To validate the numerical result of the proposed model, we have plotted 2D and 3D graphs by using MATLAB and observed these satisfy the numerical result. Finally, we have performed sensitivity analysis changing one parameter and keeping others the same.
A System of Didactic Games as a Foundation of Teaching History in Secondary School
Authors: Makarova Nadegda , Potemkina Marina , Chernova Nina , Dorozhkin Andrey
Published: October 2018

Today, an important part of an education system is use of various didactic tools. Among them a significant role belongs to didactic games that allow realising purposeful development of intellectual skills of children, their interest in studies, as well as formation of creative potential and independent work in teaching history. In the course of analysis of an experience of using didactic games at history lessons, the authors were guided by works of S.A. Ezhov, O.S. Gazman, V.P. Bespalko, R.M. Mironova, P.I. Pidkasistiy, G.K. Selevko et al. The empirical basis of the study included practical classes of teachers of history in Magnitogorsk and their analysis at methodological seminars and round tables. Besides, the authors used guidance papers published earlier. An important source and a legal basis for application of didactic games at school are the Federal State Educational Standard. To achieve the set goal, such methods were applied as: a method of generalizing advanced practices of teachers of history; a study of foreign and domestic scientific works in psychology, pedagogy, devoted to the problems of education, non-traditional forms of teaching lessons, modern pedagogical technologies. At present, in the historical education, role-playing, theatrical and business games have gained the most widespread. Analysis of these games and peculiarities of their use at school among schoolchildren of different age groups has shown that a business game should be used predominantly at high school, while role-playing and theatricalized games have already become applicable in 5-7 grades.
Reciprocity Principle Within Mutual Aid Relations
Authors: Reutov Evgeniy , Reutova Marina , Shavyrina Irina
Published: October 2018

The paper considers the analysis of reciprocity principle in reproduction of social relations and functioning of mutual aid practices within local communities. The reciprocity is considered as the principle of interpersonal and social relations implying clear and latent mutual obligations among participants. The study covers the empirical diagnostics of such parameters as family, friends, neighbors, and professional networks of mutual aid as intensity and regularity of functioning and orientation of resource transfer (receiving/rendering), nature of reciprocity of obligations, motivation of resource interchange. It is shown that children characterize the resource interchange with parents and adults by the highest degree of intensity. At the same time, the majority of participants of such exchanges do not rely on the equivalent volume of reciprocal services, and these interactions are generalized and reciprocal. Towards “weak” links (with neighbors, fellow workers, acquaintances) there is a focus on balanced reciprocity: when receiving help, from 50% to 57% of respondents count on equivalent return. In motivating the mutual aid, the balanced reciprocity is most obviously expressed in professional and neighbor networks of mutual aid. In relations with friends, it is counterbalanced with emotional, valuable and existential motives, which are dominating in family relations. The regulatory importance of the reciprocity principle and its backbone character in various types of networks of mutual aid is justified. At the same time, it is confirmed that the reciprocity in family relations, first of all, has emotional, psychological and valuable background, while in other networks of mutual aid the balanced nature of resource interchange serves a condition of their stability..
Role and Place of Religious Consciousness in Culture Formation
Authors: Bobyreva Ekaterina , Zheltuhina Marina , Dmitrieva Olga , Busygina Maryana
Published: October 2018

The article deals with the characteristics of religious discourse and peculiarities of religious consciousness; it is noted that religion and religious consciousness influence many constituents of culture and as a result of such influence religious philosophy, religious morality, religious art arise. Religious principle forms the basis of any culture. Main features and levels of religious consciousness realization are considered in the article. A large number of lexical units having religious origin and functioning in the language are evidence of the impact of religion on the culture formation. The impact of religion on the formation of culture is also manifested in common features of the normative base of a particular religion and culture in which it functions and the basis of which it forms.
Communication Code as Pillar of Successful Communication in Social Cultural Institution (by Example of Theatrical Discourse)
Authors: Vikulova Larissa , Serebrennikova Evgeniia , Vostrikova Olga , Borbotko Liudmila
Published: October 2018

The paper attempts to define constituting features of theatrical discourse which determine functioning of the latter in theatre communicative space. Communication code moderates the addresser-addressee interrelations thus playing a key role in the realization of theatrical discourse as a ritualized, institutional and conventional semiotic unit. The study also aims at introducing a typology of theatrical discourse participants and at defining the addressing vector direction. Communication code is estimated as a moderator of theatrical communication processes and an indicator of communication success / failure. The audience is viewed as a social addressee – an element obligatory for theatrical discourse to be externalized. The audience’s behavioral pattern is largely attributed to the existing communication code: the audience is conscious of their silent role, the verbal communication being somewhat one-way. Conversely, theatrical discourse implies reaction on behalf of the audience. The communication code significantly affects the temporal and spatial framework of theatre communication alongside the actual theatre space existence. The social cultural institution of theatre is targeted at sustaining the society moral values and forming new cognitive and ethical ones. These functions of theatre are also of primary importance. The research results in the drafted principles of the code of verbal communication applied to theatrical discourse, viz. the principle of temporal and spatial organization; the principle of muteness; the principle of prescript observation and the axiological awareness principle.
Dependence of Learning Activity When Mastering Competencies at Level of Professional Identity Development
Authors: Alexander Chernov , Shutova Olga , Bulanova Irina
Published: October 2018

The relation between the levels of professional identity and competencies being mastered in the learning process in high school is disputable. Empirical evidence shows the influence of the levels of the professional identity on the process of mastering competencies needed for the chosen profession. The results of the empirical research are of practical value. They can help to improve educational technologies that are used in high school. A set of educational technologies should reflect the efforts to achieve the levels of the professional identity suitable for change of the positive attitude to competencies being mastered. Interactive and the heuristic technologies are typical examples.
Quantity VS Quality: Logical-Philosophical and Cognitive Bases of Interaction
Authors: Fedyaeva Elena V.
Published: October 2018

The article discusses some interaction aspects of basic universal categories of quantity and quality. Within the logical-philosophical approach, the categories of quantity and quality reflect the objective aspects of existence and the reality objects relationship. This explains the significant correlation between these categories and language: different knowledge formats about the quantitative and qualitative side of being find their linguistic embodiment. Studying these categories interaction from the standpoint of human cognitive activity within anthropocentric linguistics and cognitive-discursive paradigm reveals some new potential for analysis which implies the possibility of qualitative characteristics interpretation of language units with quantitative meaning. The conclusions are: 1) both quality and quantity reflect the objects properties and characteristics, thus showing a close connection which enables the interpretation of quality via quantity; 2) ontologically motivated association of quantity and quality signifies that a language unit contains both explicit (quantitative) and potentially inferred implicit (qualitative) characteristics; 3) QUANTITY as a modus or evaluative concept is the result of the quantitative aspect of being comprehension and is capable to profile the qualitative characteristics of the reality objects; 4) the phenomenon of inference, acting as a ‘bridge’ between quantity and quality is a cognitive basis for the quantitative interpretation of quality.
Metaphoric Term as Translation Unit of Technical Text
Authors: Fedyuchenko Larisa
Published: October 2018

The article considers the technical metaphoric term as a dynamic cognitive structure, which contains a fragment of the global technical picture. The author starts with a critical review of the existing approaches to the definition of a translation unit and suggests that this term should be considered as a dynamic unit of the text’s semantic structure. In this regard, the procedure is not limited to a simple extraction of a translation unit in the source text, but it leads to a complex linguistic analysis at the pre-translation stage. To extract the translation unit, the author suggests using a criterion of an unexpected collocation, which is why the metaphoric term is the subject of the study. Having justified the approach, the author presents the stages of the carried out linguistic analysis. Based on the results, the author formed fourteen thematic groups and described typical collocations of the structural elements. In the course of the analysis, the following functions of the metaphoric terms were singled out: 1) operational function, 2) shaping function, 3) intermediary function, 4) transfer function, 5) comprehension function, and 6) interpretation function. Such integrated approach to the analysis of the translation unit ensures adequate translation and minimizes critical translation errors.
Student-Centered Education in Context of Second-Language Learning
Authors: Glukhova Irina , Sorokina Olga
Published: October 2018

Recent higher education policy promotes multilingualism due to the process of globalization in all spheres of our life. The main focus of this article is on “student –centered learning” which claims to be one of the effective tools in the learning process. In this regard, the given research centers on the impact of adopting student-centered education in language acquisition. It is based on facilitating effective learning, which implies strong interaction between the learner and the teacher. This paper examines the structure of student-centered learning which is aimed at creating subjective experience of the learner but not training students` cognitive abilities. The paper aims to consider the notion “multicultural identity” of students which is considered to be the main consequence caused by learning one more foreign language. The authors of the research determined principles and outlined tasks which contribute to effective implementation of student-centered education in second language acquisition.
Synthetic Method in Interdisciplinary Terminological Landscape Research of Digital Economy
Authors: Kononova Olga , Prokudin Dmitriy
Published: October 2018

The science in the digital age focuses on interdisciplinary research as the main driver of the development. Modern studies of semantic and thematic contexts taken from the digital scientific resources are important for tasks of information technology use in science, education, management and business. As a rule, interdisciplinary research emerges in response to the trends in social and economic development. Socio-political and cultural environment has also a great influence on the introduction of new terminology into the scientific discourse. The delay of scientific discourse regarding the public discourse generates problems of both scientific and philosophical nature. Furthermore, those challenges influence the education system, making demands for new curricula and courses, which, among other things, reflect the categorical and conceptual basis of the new subject areas. The actual objective is to reveal the trends in the terminological landscape of developing interdisciplinary research directions. The present study offers the Synthetic Method, which combines various approaches and tools of Digital Humanities. This Method allows using context query for the search for information resources; the context knowledge explication and clarification of the terminological landscape of interdisciplinary scientific direction “Digital Economy: e-governance and smart technology”.
Framing in Russian TV News: How to Shape Reality?
Authors: Lukyanova Galina
Published: October 2018

In a democratic society, the mass media play an enormous role, as they broadcast various points of view that exist in the society. By using various media effects, authors of information messages influence the formation of certain attitude to a particular political event reflected in the media, thus contributing to the legitimation or de-legitimation of political power. The purpose of this study is to examine the news on Russian federal television channels in order to identify frames that play a role in the process of political power legitimation. Qualitative content analysis shows that media framing is actively used by leading state TV channels as a technology for legitimizing the power. The most frequently used frames are “the Great Power,” “Ineptitude of Other Countries,” “Confrontation / Opposition,” “International Intervention,” and “the Strong Leader.”
Linguo-Stylistic Properties of Business English Discourse
Authors: Minasyan Eva , Midova Venera , Trostina Kira , Torosyan Liya
Published: October 2018

In this globalized business environment, businessmen attach great importance to establish long-term and friendly relationship with partners and clients through business communication. The primary aim of the paper is to investigate the linguistic and stylistic properties of Business English, mainly metaphors, euphemisms and idioms as core figurative elements used to enhance and enrich business speech. The authors of the article have made an attempt to analyze the use and functions of figurative patterns in Business English, to reveal their realization through lexical and grammatical patterns and illustrate implied meanings. The research methods include comparative study and classification the lavish use of stylistic devices in business discourse with the reference to the conceptualization of abstract notions from source domains bound to human behaviour, personality and actions, sports and competition, nature and disasters, military and other tangible notions. The particular linguistic point made by figurative language is proved to be common not only in poetry and prose, but also in nonfiction discourse, in this case in business.
Expression Plane of English Idioms in Gender Semantics Studies
Authors: Nezhelskaya Galina , Samarina Varvara , Shibkova Oksana
Published: October 2018

In recent years gender studies have become connected with language studies, because language reflects, records and transmits social, cultural and gender differences. Idioms in any language transfer underlying ideas, principles and values of this particular society or culture, so they are considered as the main source for gender studies in linguistics. This paper deals with corpus-based studies of English idioms with gender components. The authors analyze the expression plane of English idioms and give a model representation of English gender-marked idioms. The method of identification of key lexical items has been applied. As a result, the dominant gender lexical items in English gender-marked idioms have been identified and ranked on the basis of their frequency. The authors have also revealed the most/least common gender components and gender oppositions in English idioms.
Suggestive Resources of Complex Verbal Models
Authors: Rogozhnikova Tatiana
Published: October 2018

The article describes the results obtained in the decoding process of the suggestive potential of verbal models. A verbal model is defined by the author as a materialised model of any complexity level (sound-letter, word, text), bearing an inner form through the outer manifestation of which latent information content and resource of impact of a particular model is implemented. Any text is considered as a “translator” from the language of idiostates to the language of reality control. For the article the author has selected the examples which are centered around the texts written by N. I. Bukharin during the most complicated period of his life. The author discussed the dramatic result of the collision of two and more suggestions: suggestively strong intense texts created by N. I. Bukharin and the Powers reaction on them. One more group of the analyzed texts covers the quatrains (mantras), which were used for preparing warriors in medieval China. The author has made the model of the suggestive effect trajectory of sound-resonant sets of the given quatrains and has traced the picture of unusual brain rhythmic activity which appears in the course of the intensive multiple repeating of the texts by the training recruits.
Role of Projects in the Study of Mathematics
Authors: Sergeeva Elena
Published: October 2018

Today, it is difficult to imagine the education of children at schools and universities without the use of a project-based approach. Pupils and students carry out projects in all subjects on a variety of topics. Mathematics is one of the most difficult subject at schools. Mathematics is the most abstract subject out of all studied at school, and this is one of the reasons for difficulties the students face. This may be solved by introducing projects showing the applied value of mathematics, its relationship to other subjects, and to life in general. Projects help students to better understand the topic, to demonstrate their creativity. While implementing the project tasks students develop their cognitive skills, ability to independently navigate in the information space, ability to independently produce and design knowledge and many others. Students also carried out cross-disciplinary projects, which clearly demonstrated the relation of mathematics to everyday life and to other subjects. Then, scientific and practical conference was held based on the results of the projects.
Modern Means and Technologies for Estimation of Results of Training
Authors: Smirnova Zhanna V. , Vaganova Olga L. , Frolova Nina V. , Ogorodova Marina V. , Rozarenov Vasiliy V.
Published: October 2018

The article discusses the use of modern tools and technologies for assessing learning outcomes. Evaluation of learning outcomes is inextricably linked with the quality of education provided by an educational institution. It is noted that today there is no single interpretation of the concept of “quality of education”. Because of the introduction of the competence approach, graduates now form not just a certain amount of knowledge and skills, but the ability to use it, apply the experience gained in practice, so modern assessment should be fundamentally new and different from traditional methods. The features of the competency assessment system are determined. The basic provisions of the assessment methodology are established and on their basis; we have identified the components of the model of the system of automated assessment of professional competencies. The principles of constructing the competency assessment model were singled out. The analysis of existing modern means of estimation is carried out. Among them, the methods specific to the authentic approach were highlighted, as well as the advantages of using the electronic platform Moodle for conducting the evaluation procedure.
Design of Teaching Methods Using Virtual Educational Environment
Authors: Starichenko Boris , Antipova Elena , Slepukhin Alexander , Semenova Irina
Published: October 2018

The purpose of the presented article is the review of approaches to design of modern methods of training developed and creation of design technology option of training methods in the conditions of using the virtual educational environment for formation of common cultural and professional competences of students of majoring in pedagogical education. Within the prescriptive theory by means of a subject and design method, conceptual modeling of a set of methods of students’ training in the conditions of using information-communication saturated environment was carried out. The modeling allowed one to allocate design stages of methods of students’ training in a pedagogical field of a “modern” educational paradigm when using the virtual educational environment. The general approach to design of activity of teachers including design of training methods on the basis of the accounting of main structural components of educational technologies is reflected in presented results. The given results of research of features and opportunities of the virtual educational environment allow one to define essence of enrichment of training methods and mechanisms of self-adjustment and self-improvement of the system of training methods in information educational environments, and to formulate a conclusion about impossibility of creation of the modern educational process without the virtual educational environment.
Universal and Specific Components in the Article Semantics in Non-Distant Kindred Languages (in Relation to the Material of Parallel Texts)
Authors: Timoshenko Irina
Published: October 2018

The article presents the results of the study of articles’ functioning in English and French article analogues in articleless (Russian) language. The conducted scientific work includes the comparison of English and French articles and the peculiarities of their interaction with linguistic and extra-linguistic context by means of contrastive analysis. The semantic invariant of the article common to the considered article languages has been identified, the correlation of this invariant with the ways of referencing the noun in articleless languages has been substantiated. The materials of the article are of practical value for comparative study of languages of different degree of kinship and training of specialized specialists in the field of translation and translation.
Everyday Ethnocultural Adaptation of Newly Arrived and Indigenous Populations in Yugra
Authors: Tkachev Boris , Fedulov Igor , Moldanova Tatyana , Tkacheva Tatyana
Published: October 2018

This publication presents results of a study of everyday ethnocultural adaptation of newly arrived and indigenous populations in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra. A survey has helped identify levels of frustration in newly arrived and indigenous populations. The authors have concluded that ethnocultural adaptation of newly arrived population is slow and patchy. The newly arrived population is more frustrated than the indigenous community is. To reduce the level of frustration, the newly arrived population needs to connect with ethnic customs and traditions of indigenous small numbered peoples of the North, understand how unique they are and ensure ethnic tolerance on both sides.
Database Strategy in Development of Digital Ecosystem for Quality Control in Education
Authors: Evdokimov Ivan , Danilava Halina , Yamskikh Tatiana , Tsarev Roman
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this research in educational environment is to improve the quality of the educational process with the help of new information technologies. The paper examines practical issues of digital ecosystems implementation in education on the basis of relational databases, as, from the authors’ point of view, in the organization data are less subject to change in time than business processes. Therefore the strategy of information systems development where the database functions as a cornerstone provides the result, that is more stable than, for example, a functional approach in software development. Within the frames of this research information technologies of quality control in education are being created. They are intended for the exact and full representation of teaching materials as a system used as a source of information for the assessment of learning and teaching materials and creation of electronic resources on this platform. The structure of the created database, operation practices and topical issues of its introduction in more large-scale digital ecosystems are considered. As a result the database ready for use as a management solution for higher education institutions is created. This is important as information technologies provide additional opportunities for the development in the sphere of higher education, quality improvement of the educational process. The authors conclude that introduction of innovative information technologies in management system of higher education institution is relevant and perspective.