bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The starting period and development of heart surgery in Debrecen; The consequence of Professor József Schnitzler’s initiative
Authors: Péterffy Árpád
Published: September 2009

A debreceni szívsebészet Schnitzler József professzor kezdeményezésére és folyamatos támogatásával az Auguszta Szanatórium mellkassebészeti osztályán, Eisert Árpád, nyíregyházi sebész főorvos együttműködésével vette kezdetét az 1960-as évek első felében. Az első 5 év folyamán (1963–68) összesen 44 zárt szívműtétet végeztek (ductuslekötés, pulmonalis és mitralis commissurotomia, pericardectomia). Az első nyitott szívműtétet vendégoperatőrként Kovács Gábor szegedi szívsebészprofesszor végezte 1968-ban, miután megérkezett Clevelandből Köteles Béla, és az ottani református egyház ajándéka, egy Pemco típusú szív-tüdő motor. Gömöry András szívsebészprofesszor Debrecenben 1972-től 1983-ig irányította a szakmai tevékenységet. Az első 20 év során 310 nyitott, 220 zárt szívműtét, 612 pacemaker-beültetés, összesen mintegy 1200 beavatkozás történt. Schnitzler professzor nyugdíjba vonulása után (1983) Péterffy Árpád lett a klinika igazgatója, és vette át a szívsebészet irányítását is. Az azóta eltelt 25 év alatt 18 000 nyitott, 1500 zárt és 8500 pacemakerműtét, összesen 32 000 beavatkozás történt. 2008-tól Szerafin Tamás egyetemi docens – Péterffy professzor tanítványa – lett a szívsebészet vezetője.
Occurrence of GRB10 (+11275G > A) polymorphism in Hungarian population and its relationship to glucose metabolism
Authors: Vitai Márta , Buday Barbara , Kulcsár Enikő , Literáti-Nagy Botond , Vecsei Istvánné , Bezzegh Katalin , Péterfai Éva , Kurucz István , Korányi László
Published: September 2009

Az előkísérletünk során az egészséges és spontán hipertóniás patkányok között génexpressziós különbségeket találtunk „differencial display” eljárással. Az eltérően expresszált gének között szerepelt a GRB10 gén, amelynek terméke a GRB10 (Growth factor receptor-bound protein) fehérje. A GRB10 protein kötődik az inzulinreceptorokhoz, negatív regulátorproteinként tartják számon és polimorfizmusait összefüggésbe hozták a 2-es típusú diabétesz kialakulásával. Vizsgálatunk során a GRB10 gén
+11275G > A(RS 2237457)
polimorfizmusát vizsgáltuk magyarországi 2-es típusú cukorbetegek és egészségesek esetében (2DM-es beteg n = 85, egészséges kontroll n = 77). Kerestük az összefüggéseket a genotípus és a hyperinsulinaemiás-normoglykaemiás clamp vizsgálattal mért, a glükózhomeosztázisra jellemző paraméterek között egészséges (n = 88) és glükózintoleráns (IFG n = 15; IGT n = 29 és kezelést nem igénylő 2-es típusú diabéteszes: n = 9) betegek esetében. A hazai populációban nem találtunk szignifikáns különbséget az allélgyakoriság között az egészséges és a 2DM-csoport között (egészséges
g
vs.
a:
62% vs. 38%; 2DM
g
vs.
a:
70% vs. 30%). Az inzulinérzékenységet tükröző glükózfelhasználás nők esetében nem függött a GRB10 gén polimorfizmusától. Férfiak esetében a
gg
polimorfizmus az OGTT glükózterhelés során fokozott, de az ivGTT-terhelés során azonos mértékű inzulinelválasztással társult. Férfiakban
gg
allél esetében alacsonyabb az izomtömeg glükózfelhasználása, az egész test és az izomszövet vonatkozásában a glükózeltűnési ráta, és mindkét nemben rosszabb a lipidprofil, alacsonyabb a kisebb denzitású, nagyobb molekulájú LDL-frakciók koncentrációja, nők esetében pedig a HDL-koleszterin-vérszint. A GRB10 génpolimorfizmussal kapcsolatos anyagcsere-eltérések alátámasztják – a „prediabéteszes” időszakban – a génnek az inzulinérzékenységben és inzulinelválasztásban feltételezett szerepét, amely azonban nemhez kötött és csak férfiakban észlelhető. A po. és iv. cukorterhelés alatt mért inzulinelválasztási eltérések alapján felvethető, hogy a GRB10 gén az inkretin jelátvitelben is szerepet játszik.
A generalized occupation time formula for continuous semimartingales
Authors: Ghomrasni Raouf
Published: September 2009

We show that for a wide class of functions
F
we have lim \documentclass{aastex}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{bm}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{pifont}
\usepackage{stmaryrd}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\usepackage{portland,xspace}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra}
\usepackage{bbm}
\pagestyle{empty}
\DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6}
\begin{document}
$$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{\varepsilon \downarrow 0} \frac{1}{\varepsilon }\int\limits_0^t {\{ F(s,X_s ) - F(s,X_s - \varepsilon )\} d\left\langle {X,X} \right\rangle _s = - } \int\limits_0^t {\int\limits_\mathbb{R} {F(s,x)dL_s^x } }$$
\end{document} where
Xt
is a continuous semimartingale, (
Ltx

,
x
∈ ℝ,
t
≧ 0) its local time process and (〈
X, X
〉
t
,
t
≧ 0) its quadratic variation process.
Nonprincipal solutions in oscillation criteria for half-linear differential equations
Authors: Došlý Ondřej , Řezníčková Jana
Published: September 2009

We establish a new oscillation criterion for the half-linear second order differential equation\documentclass{aastex} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{bm} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{pifont} \usepackage{stmaryrd} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{portland,xspace} \usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra} \usepackage{bbm} \pagestyle{empty} \DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6} \begin{document} $$(r(t)\Phi (x'))' + c(t)\Phi (x) = 0,\Phi (x): = |x|^{p - 2} x,p > 1.$$ \end{document}In this criterion, an integral term appears which involves a nonprincipal solution of a certain equation associated with (*).
Wilson’s functional equation in algebras
Authors: Fechner Żywilla
Published: September 2009

In the present paper we investigate Wilson’s functional equation, where unknown functions are defined on a group and take their values in a complex algebra or in a Banach algebra.
Synergistic effect of crystalline metal on the plasticity of bulk metallic glasses under uniaxial synchro-compression
Authors: Han Zhen H. , He Lin , Zhong Ming B. , Jiang Feng , Sun Jun
Published: September 2009

A uniaxial synchro-compression test of a cylindrical bulk metallic glass (BMG) specimen along with a crystalline metallic ring having an inner diameter much larger than the specimen’s diameter and thereby without radial confinement on the BMG specimen was performed. The plastic deformation behavior of a conventional Zr65Cu17.5Ni10Al7.5 BMG under synchro-compression with a cupper ring was investigated. It was found that remarkably plastic deformation in the inherently brittle BMG could occur under the uniaxial stress state as the loading area of the cupper ring was sufficiently large, and multiplication of the shear band on the synergistically deformed BMG specimen could be accomplished. The synergistic effect of the crystalline metal on the plastic deformation behavior of the BMG was attributed to the reduced thermal softening extent inside the shear bands that resulted from the restraining effect of the copper ring on the spring-back action of the testing machine.
Thermal stability and corrosion resistance of nanocrystallized zirconium formed by surface mechanical attrition treatment
Authors: Han Yong , Zhang Lan , Lu Jian , Zhang Wengting
Published: September 2009

The thermal stability and corrosion behavior of the nanostructured layer on commercially pure zirconium, produced by surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT), were investigated. It is indicated that the nanograined Zr is stable at annealing temperatures up to 650 °C, above which significant grain growth occurs and the grain size shows parabolic relationship with annealing time. The activation energy for grain growth of the nanograined Zr is 59 kJ/mol at 750–850 °C, and the grain growth is dominated by grain-boundary diffusion. The as-SMATed nanograined Zr exhibits higher corrosion resistance than the 550–750 °C annealed SMATed Zr and the unSMATed coarse-grained Zr. It is indicated that the corrosion resistance of Zr tends to increase with the reduction of grain size, which is related to the dilution of segregated impurities at grain boundaries due to grain refinement and the formation of passive protection film.
Ignition and reaction mechanisms of thermal explosion reaction in the Ni-Ti-C system under air and Ar
Authors: Yang Y.F. , Wang H.Y. , Wang J.G. , Zhao R.Y. , Jiang Q.C.
Published: September 2009

The ignition and reaction mechanisms of the thermal explosion reaction in the Ni-Ti-C system under air and Ar conditions were investigated. The reaction for the formation of TiC can be initiated at a low temperature under air. The ignition temperature under air is much lower than that under Ar. Under Ar, both the ignition and reaction mechanisms consist of dissolution, reaction, and precipitation. Under air, the ignition mechanism is confirmed to be the chemical oven mechanism, and the reaction mechanism is dissolution, reaction, and precipitation. The mechanism of gas transport plays a much more minor role in the ignition and reaction processes under air.
The grain refinement mechanism of electrodeposited copper
Authors: Wang Guoyong , Jiang Zhonghao , Lian Jianshe , Jiang Qing
Published: September 2009

Microstructure features of five electrodeposited coppers with different grain sizes were systematically characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Based on the experimental observations, two mechanisms for the grain refinement in electrodeposited copper were identified: (i) twin–twin intersection can directly create grains with large-angle boundaries as small as 10 nm and (ii) grains can also be refined via formation of dislocation cells, transformation of dislocation cell walls into sub-boundaries with small misorientations, and evolution of sub-boundaries into highly misoriented grain boundaries. Besides, dislocations are also effective to cut twin lamellas into pieces and make twin boundaries curved and round.
Direct observations on the evolution of shear bands into cracks in metallic glass
Authors: Qu Rui T. , Wu Fufa , Zhang Zhe-Feng , Eckert Jurgen
Published: September 2009

The evolution of shear bands (SBs) into cracks was observed by using a high-resolution scanning electron microscope in Zr59Cu20Al10Ni8Ti3 metallic glassy samples after a small punch test with different strain rates. As shear strain increased along a radial SB, three distinctive regions of morphologies were found (I) bonded SB, (II) microcrack plus bonded SB, and (III) full crack. In region II with moderate shear strain, some glassy “extrusions” were also observed. Once shear offset increases to a critical value, the SB becomes a full crack. For two different SBs in one specimen, the critical shear offsets maintain approximately the same value, which sheds light on the critical shear failure condition of metallic glass. The critical shear offset was also found to be sensitive to the strain rate and a higher strain rate led to less critical shear offset. It is suggested that the structure evolution and heat evolution within a shearing SB should be responsible for the previous results.
Aging-induced double hysteresis loops in bismuth-doped (Ba,Ca)TiO3 ferroelectric ceramics
Authors: Yun Sining , Wang Xiaoli , Shi Jing , Xu Delong
Published: September 2009

Bismuth-doped (Ba1−xCax)TiO3 ceramics (x = 0.10, Bi-BCT) were prepared by a conventional solid-state reaction technique. An abnormal double-like hysteresis polarization–electric (P–E) loop was observed at room temperature for aged Bi-BCT. Raman scattering gives critical evidence for the formation of O2− vacancies in Bi-BCT. The change from the single P–E loops in the fresh samples to the double loops in the aged samples excludes the existence of a ferroelectric–antiferroelectric transition in Bi-BCT. A reversible domain switching mechanism resulting from a symmetry-conforming short-range ordering of point defects gives a reasonable explanation for the naturally age-induced double-like P–E loops in Bi-BCT.
The effect of porosity on the austenite to bainite transformation in powder metallurgy steels
Authors: Warke Virendra S. , Sisson Richard D. , Makhlouf Makhlouf M.
Published: September 2009

The effect of porosity on the kinetics of the austenite to bainite isothermal transformation in powder metallurgy steels was characterized using a high-speed quenching dilatometer. The measurements revealed that the presence of porosity shortens the incubation time as well as the overall isothermal transformation time. An Avrami-type equation was fitted to the measured data, and the effect of porosity on the nucleation rate of bainite was quantified. In addition, the activation energy for diffusion of carbon atoms during nucleation of bainite was calculated and was found to decrease with increasing porosity.
Optical absorbance enhancement by electrochemical surface roughening of CuInS2 thin films
Authors: Cayzac Romain , Boulc'h Florence , Hornebecq Virginie , Djenizian Thierry , Bendahan Marc , Pasquinelli Marcel , Knauth Philippe
Published: September 2009

This work presents a simple electrochemical etching method to increase the surface roughness of copper indium disulphide (CIS) thin films using low concentration of hydrochloric acid. Film morphologies were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The structure of films was investigated using x-ray diffraction. A comparative study of optical properties of as-deposited and roughened CIS thin films by transmittance and reflectance experiments show a strong enhancement of absorbance for wavelengths between 600 and 900 nm.
Improved thermal properties of Al powders coated with submicron-sized hollow nickel particles
Authors: Cheng Jialiang , Hng Huey H. , Ng Hsiao Y. , Soon Pei C. , Lee Yiew W.
Published: September 2009

This work investigates the coating of nano- to submicron-sized hollow nickel particles onto Al powders to optimize the thermal and combustion properties of Al-based energetic materials. Different wt% of hollow nickel particles coated onto Al particles was synthesized using an autocatalytic aqueous reduction method. X-ray diffraction results showed distinct crystalline Al and Ni phases indicating that a pure coating process was achieved. Homogeneous coating of hollow nickel particles onto individual Al particles was also reflected from the scanning electron microscope images. All the samples showed significant improvements in terms of their ignition and kinetics of combustion as compared to untreated Al. The most promising candidate produced was the 30wt%Ni–Al sample whereby the %complete combustion of Al exhibited the largest improvement. The hollow Ni-coated Al samples were also found to perform better than their physically mixed Ni–Al powder samples, as there is more intimate contact between the two components to hasten the overall combustion kinetics.
Effects of defects on the morphologies of GaN nanorods grown on Si (111) substrates
Authors: Lee Kyu Hyung , Lee Jeong Yong , Kwon Y.H. , Kang Tae Won , You J.H. , Lee D.U. , Kim Taewhan
Published: September 2009

Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images and selected area electron diffraction pattern showed that the one-dimensional GaN nanorods with [0001]-oriented single-crystalline wurzite structures were formed on Si (111) substrates by using hydride vapor-phase epitaxy without a catalyst. Although some stacking faults and inversion domain boundaries existed in the GaN nanorods, few other defects such as threading dislocations were observed. The formation of the facet plane in the N-polar region of the GaN nanorod containing an inversion domain boundary originated from the slow growth rate, followed by the lateral adatom diffusion from the Ga-polar region to reduce the length difference.
Synthesis of cobalt-doped bismuth vanadate by combustion-synthesis: Influence of fuel on phase content and morphology
Authors: Roy Banasri , Fuierer Paul A.
Published: September 2009

Cobalt (15 at.%) doped bismuth vanadate, Bi4(V0.85Co0.15)2O11-δ (BICOVOX0.15), is known to have high oxygen ion conduction in the medium temperature range (400–600 °C). Small grain size may be important in stabilizing the highly conductive and disordered γ-phase at lower temperature. In this article, we report for the first time the synthesis of highly porous nanoscale BICOVOX powders by a solution combustion technique. The effects of fuel-to-oxidizer ratio, and postcombustion heat treatment temperature and time on the phase content and microstructure of the powders were investigated. As-combusted powders were revealed to be a mixture of Bi2O3, BiVO4, and γ-BICOVOX phases that were converted to phase pure γ-BICOVOX during heat treatment.
Lack of Correlation Between Thiazide‐Induced Hyperglycemia and Hypokalemia: Subgroup Analysis of Results from the Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses (PEAR) Study
Authors: Smith Steven M. , Anderson Shawn D. , Wen Sheron , Gong Yan , Turner Stephen T. , Cooper‐DeHoff Rhonda M. , Schwartz Gary L. , Bailey Kent , Chapman Arlene , Hall Karen L. , Feng Hua , Boerwinkle Eric , Johnson Julie A. , Gums John G.
Published: September 2009

Study Objective. To determine whether changes in serum glucose, serum potassium, and plasma insulin levels are correlated in a cohort of hypertensive patients.

Design. Prespecified subgroup analysis of results from a prospective, multicenter, randomized, open‐label, parallel‐group study.

Setting. Primary care clinics at three tertiary care medical centers.

Patients. Community‐based ambulatory population of 202 patients (age range 17–65 yrs) with a new diagnosis of hypertension, untreated hypertension, or known hypertension, who were previously treated with fewer than three antihypertensive drugs and had no evidence of cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus.

Intervention. Monotherapy with oral hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 or 25 mg/day for 9 weeks.

Measurements and Main Results. Fasting serum glucose, serum potassium, and plasma insulin levels were obtained at baseline (before hydrochlorothiazide therapy was started) and after 9 weeks of therapy. Significant elevations were noted in fasting serum glucose (mean ± SD 3.42 ± 10.38 mg/dl, p<0.0001) and plasma insulin (2.35 ± 9.47 μlU/ml, p<0.0001) levels, and a significant reduction in serum potassium level (0.30 ± 0.44 mEq/L, p<00.0001) was noted. No significant correlation was observed between changes in fasting serum glucose and potassium levels (r = 0.022, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.120−0.164, p=0.757) or between changes in serum potassium and plasma insulin levels (r = −0.112, 95% CI −0.256‐0.037, p=0.140). Changes in serum glucose levels did not differ significantly between patients maintaining serum potassium levels of 4.0 mEq/L or greater and those with levels below 4.0 mEq/L.

Conclusion. Changes in serum potassium and serum glucose levels were not correlated in individuals receiving hydrochlorothiazide monotherapy; thus maintenance of normal potassium levels may not attenuate the risk of thiazide diuretic‐induced hyperglycemia.
Overview, Prevention, and Treatment of Rabies
Authors: Nigg Andrea Julia , Walker Pamela L.
Published: September 2009

Each year, approximately 55,000 individuals worldwide die from an infection due to the rabies virus. Rabies is a life‐threatening disease caused by an RNA virus that is usually transmitted to humans through bites from rabid animals. More recently, reports of transmission by means of organ transplantation have been reported. Since human rabies is nearly 100% fatal if prophylactic measures are not followed, an increased awareness of who should receive prophylaxis and when prophylaxis should be administered is necessary. Preexposure prophylaxis entails the administration of the rabies vaccine to individuals at high risk for exposure to rabies viruses (e.g., laboratory workers who handle infected specimens, diagnosticians, veterinarians, animal control workers, rabies researchers, cave explorers). Preexposure prophylaxis involves a three‐dose series of the rabies vaccine that may confer some protection from the virus while simplifying postexposure prophylaxis regimens. Postexposure prophylaxis consists of a multimodal approach to decrease an individual's likelihood of developing clinical rabies after a possible exposure to the virus. Regimens depend on the vaccination status of the victim and involve a combination of wound cleansing, administration of the rabies vaccine, and administration of human rabies immune globulin. If used in a timely and accurate fashion, postexposure prophylaxis is nearly 100% effective. Once clinical manifestations of rabies have developed, however, treatment options for rabies are limited, and to date, only seven individuals have survived rabies virus infection. Treatment of clinical rabies consists of medical support in an intensive care unit, using a multifaceted approach that includes supportive care, heavy sedation, analgesics, anticonvulsants, and antivirals. The recently developed Milwaukee Protocol added induction of therapeutic coma to supportive care measures and antivirals; however, its use has shown inconsistent outcomes.
Key Articles and Guidelines Relative to Intensive Care Unit Pharmacotherapy: 2009 Update
Authors: Erstad Brian L. , Brophy Gretchen M. , Martin Steven J. , Haas Curtis E. , Devlin John W. , Welage Lynda S. , Dager William E.
Published: September 2009

Compilations of key articles and guidelines in a particular clinical practice area are useful not only to clinicians who practice in that area, but also to all clinicians. We compiled pertinent articles and guidelines pertaining to drug therapy in the intensive care setting from the perspective of experienced critical care pharmacists. A broad assembly of practitioners with expertise in various areas of intensive care unit pharmacology were involved in the compilation of this update.
Hyperkalemia‐Induced Paralysis
Authors: Wilson Nikita S. , Hudson Joanna Q. , Cox Zachary , King Tabitha , Finch Christopher K.
Published: September 2009

Hyperkalemia is an electrolyte abnormality that can lead to severe consequences. Paralysis induced by hyperkalemia has been described in only a few reports. We describe a 60‐year‐old man who experienced paralysis presumably due to hyperkalemia. He presented to the emergency department with severe weakness in all extremities. The patient's serum potassium concentration was greater than 8 mEq/L and his serum creatinine concentration was 7 mg/dl. Findings on electrocardiography were abnormal. Of note, his drug therapy included lisinopril and naproxen. After treatment for hyperkalemia, the patient's symptoms resolved; however, he was admitted for further workup for renal failure. The patient was discharged after approximately 1 week with a diagnosis of end‐stage renal disease. Use of the Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale indicated a probable relationship (score of 5) between the patient's paralysis and hyperkalemia. Although hyperkalemia as a cause of paralysis is extremely rare, clinicians should be aware of this potentially life‐threatening, noncardiac toxicity.
Revisiting Read‐Aloud: Instructional Strategies That Encourage Students' Engagement With Texts
Authors: Morrison Vanessa , Wlodarczyk Lisa
Published: September 2009

This article discusses the importance of comprehension strategy instruction in the early grades. It explains how one teacher integrated Alphaboxes, making connections, and the discussion web as part of her read aloud instructional practice. The article argues that, through careful planning, higher order thinking strategies can be modified for young students.

تلخيص البحث: تصف هذه المقالة أهمية تعليم إستراتيجية الاستيعاب في الصفوف الأولى. وتشرح الطريقة التي أدمجت معلمة فيها صناديق أبجدية واتصالات ونقاش الشبكة العالمية كجزء من ممارسة القراءة الجهرية التعليمية. إذ تقدم هذه المقالة الحجة بأن الإستراتيجيات الذهنية العالية المستوى قد تتعدل للطلاب الصغار من خلال تخطيط محترس.

本文讨论小学低年级阅读理解教学的重要性。文章阐释一名教师如何结合字母方格单字表(Alphaboxes)、建立连接、讨论网这三种教学技巧，应用于朗读教学实践中。本文认为高层次思维策略教学，经过审慎的计划及修改后，便可以适用于教导年幼的学生。

Cet article discute l'importance d'un enseignement de stratégies de compréhension lors des premières années d'école. Il explique comment un enseignant a intégré AlphaBoxes (boîtes alphabétiques), en établissant des connections et la discussion sur la Toile en tant que partie de sa pratique de lecture à haute voix. L'article soutient que, si l'on procède à une planification soignée, des stratégies cognitives de haut niveau peuvent être adaptées à l'intention des jeunes élèves.

Статья посвящена освоению учащимися начальных классов стратегий понимания текста. Необходимость такой учебной деятельности представлена на примере практики одной учительницы, которая, читая с детьми вслух, интегрировала в этот процесс работу с графическим организатором “Альфа‐клетки”, установление логических связей и таблицу “перекрестная дискуссия”. Авторы доказывают, что при тщательном планировании можно адаптировать стратегии мышления высокого порядка для младших школьников.

Este artículo discute la importancia de la enseñanza de estrategias de comprensión en los primeros grados. Explica cómo una maestra logró integrar en su clase de lectura en voz alta el uso de Alphaboxes que permite hacer conexiones y tener discusiones en la red. Este artículo propone que, por medio de la planificación cuidadosa, se pueden modificar las estrategias de pensamiento de orden superior en los adultos jóvenes.
Coordinated Primary Care (“Medical Home” Model)
Authors: Garnica Mary Petermann
Published: September 2009

Health care is inaccessible and too expensive for a large segment of the U.S. population. In addition, the past decade has produced many reports of significant problems related to safety, quality, and effectiveness in U.S. health care. The future of primary care is in question because of a current and projected worsening shortage of primary care physicians. A physician-led coordinated primary care model has been endorsed by major physicians groups as having the potential to address many of these problems. The model, also known as the “medical home,” has gained momentum and appears likely to play a central role as the nation moves forward to reform health care. Nurse practitioners have traditionally practiced “coordinated primary care” and are ideally suited to lead practices adopting this model of care. This article provides rationale for nurse practitioners to be fully recognized as team leaders of coordinated primary care practices.
Effect of Dental Plaque Control on Infection of Helicobacter pylori in Gastric Mucosa
Authors: Jia Chun‐Ling , Jiang Guang‐Shui , Li Chun‐Hai , Li Cui‐Rong
Published: September 2009

Background: Data on the role of dental plaque in the transmission of Helicobacter pylori have varied. Furthermore, there has been few reports on the relationship between dental plaque control and H. pylori infection of gastric mucosa. The purpose of this study was to elucidate this potential relationship.

Methods: The 13C urea breath test was conducted on 56 subjects who received dental plaque control and 51 subjects who did not.

Results: The prevalence of H. pylori in the gastric mucosa was 19.64% in patients who received dental plaque control, which was significantly lower than in those without dental plaque control (84.31%).

Conclusion: Long‐term professional dental plaque control was associated with less gastric reinfection by H. pylori, suggesting that dental plaque control may help to prevent H. pylori‐induced gastric disease or reinfection.
Effect of Platelet‐Rich Plasma on the Healing of Intrabony Defects Treated With an Anorganic Bovine Bone Mineral: A Pilot Study
Authors: Döri Ferenc , Kovács Viola , Arweiler Nicole B. , Huszár Tamás , Gera István , Nikolidakis Dimitris , Sculean Anton
Published: September 2009

Background: Periodontal therapy using the combination of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) and different grafting materials has been suggested as a modality to enhance the outcome of regenerative surgery. In most clinical studies, a barrier membrane was used to cover the defects, and thus, the effects of PRP may have been masked by the effects of the barrier. The data from controlled clinical studies evaluating the effect of regenerative therapy using various grafting materials with or without PRP are still limited. The purpose of this study was to clinically compare the healing of intrabony defects treated with either a combination of an anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM) and PRP to those obtained with ABBM alone.

Methods: Thirty patients with advanced chronic periodontal disease and displaying one intrabony defect were randomly treated with PRP + ABBM or ABBM alone. The following clinical parameters were evaluated at baseline and 1 year after treatment: plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), and clinical attachment level (CAL). The primary outcome variable was CAL.

Results: No statistical significant differences in any of the investigated parameters between the two groups were observed at baseline. Healing was uneventful in all patients. In the PRP + ABBM group, mean PD decreased from 8.6 ± 1.8 mm to 3.4 ± 1.4 mm (P <0.001) and mean CAL changed from 9.9 ± 1.7 mm to 5.3 ± 1.8 mm (P <0.001). In the ABBM group, mean PD decreased from 8.5 ± 2.0 mm to 3.2 ± 1.3 mm (P <0.001) and mean CAL changed from 9.6 ± 1.9 mm to 4.9 ± 1.5 mm (P <0.001). CAL gains ≥3 mm were measured in 80% (12 of 15 defects) of cases treated with PRP + ABBM and in 87% (13 of 15 defects) of cases treated with ABBM alone. No statistically significant differences in any of the investigated parameters were observed between the two groups at the 1‐year reevaluation.

Conclusions: Within the limits of the present study, it can be concluded that 1) at 1 year after regenerative surgery with PRP + ABBM and ABBM alone, significant PD reductions and CAL gains were found, and 2) the use of PRP failed to improve the results obtained with ABBM alone.
Dental Implants Placed in Extraction Sites Grafted With Different Bone Substitutes: Radiographic Evaluation at 24 Months
Authors: Crespi Roberto , Capparè Paolo , Gherlone Enrico
Published: September 2009

Background: Reduction of alveolar height and width after tooth extraction may provide some problems in implant placement, especially in the anterior maxilla for esthetic reasons. Different graft materials have been advocated to prevent bone‐volume reduction. The aim of this study was to evaluate radiographic parameters of implants positioned in grafted alveoli with three different biomaterials: magnesium‐enriched hydroxyapatite (MHA), calcium sulfate (CS), and heterologous porcine bone (PB).

Methods: In 15 patients, 45 fresh extraction sockets with three bone walls were selected. Fifteen sockets received MHA, 15 sockets received CS, and 15 sockets received corticocancellous PB as a graft material. Three months after bone filling, titanium dental implants were placed in grafted sites. Three months after implant placement, temporary restoration was performed. Follow‐up examinations were conducted, and intraoral digital radiographs were taken at baseline and 12 and 24 months after implant placement to evaluate the marginal bone level in each patient. Comparisons for marginal bone loss over time between groups were performed by the Student two‐tailed t test.

Results: At the 24‐month follow‐up, a survival rate of 100% was reported for all implants. For the MHA group, a mean mesial bone loss of −0.21 ± 0.08 mm and a mean distal bone loss of −0.22 ± 0.09 mm (mean bone loss: 0.21 ± 0.09 mm) were reported; for the CS group, a mesial bone loss of −0.14 ± 0.07 mm and a distal bone loss of −0.12 ± 0.11 mm (mean bone loss: −0.13 ± 0.09 mm) were measured; for the PB group, a mean mesial bone loss of −0.15 ± 0.10 mm and a mean distal bone loss of −0.16 ± 0.06 mm (mean bone loss: −0.16 ± 0.08 mm) were reported. No statistically significant differences were reported among groups (P >0.05).

Conclusion: At the 24‐month follow‐up, the present study showed that placement of implants in grafted sockets was not influenced by the three different biomaterials because they did not negatively impact the clinical outcome.
Effects of Enamel Matrix Derivative on Proliferation/Viability, Migration, and Expression of Angiogenic Factor and Adhesion Molecules in Endothelial Cells In Vitro
Authors: Bertl Kristina , An Na , Bruckmann Corinna , Dard Michel , Andrukhov Oleh , Matejka Michael , Rausch‐Fan Xiaohui
Published: September 2009

Background: The aim of this study was to test in vitro the effect of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) on the proliferation/viability, migration, and expression of angiogenic factor and adhesion molecules in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). To date, discussions on angiogenic effects of EMD are rather controversial.

Methods: The effect of EMD on the proliferation/viability of HUVECs after 24 hours was measured using 3,4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and direct cell counting. Cell migration was observed in an especially adapted in vitro monolayer wound‐healing model. The expression of angiogenic factor angiopoietin‐2 (ang‐2) and adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)‐1 and vascular endothelium‐selectin (E‐selectin) was quantified with real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results: The proliferation/viability of HUVECs measured in MTT assay was stimulated by 0.1 μg/ml EMD and inhibited by higher doses (50 to 100 μg/ml), but the total number of cells was not affected. Cell migration in the wound‐healing assay was promoted by EMD at doses of 0.1 to 50 μg/ml and inhibited at 100 μg/ml. The highest expression level of all three tested genes (ICAM‐1, E‐selectin, and ang‐2) was observed at 50 μg/ml EMD.

Conclusion: The results of the present in vitro study show the potential influence of EMD on the angiogenic activity of HUVECs, which may play an important role in periodontal tissue regeneration and wound healing.
The Association of a Polydioxanone Tent Without a Guided Tissue Regeneration Membrane to a Coronal Sliding Flap for Root Coverage
Authors: de Toledo Lourenço Aneliese Holetz , de Toledo Lourenço Evandro , Fraga Marcelo Reis , Vitral Robert Willer Farinazzo
Published: September 2009

Background: This study verifies clinical results of using a polydioxanone (PDS) tent without a guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane for root coverage.

Methods: Forty‐nine gingival recessions (in 16 patients) were treated with a PDS tent inserted under the coronally positioned gingival flap. The recession level (RL), probing depth (PD), and keratinized mucosa width (KMW) were registered. Statistical analysis was performed with the Wilcoxon test.

Results: In 48 cases, there was a significant reduction in the RL (2.55 ± 1.11 mm on day 0 and 0.34 ± 0.65 mm on day 120; P = 0.0001). PD showed the same values at the beginning and end of treatment in 47 cases (0.99 ± 0.71 mm on days 0 and 120; z = 0.000). There was a significant increase of KMW in 46 cases (2.38 ± 0.76 mm on day 0 and 3.18 ± 0.90 mm on day 120; P = 0.0001).

Conclusions: The association of the PDS tent without the GTR membrane to a coronal sliding flap for root coverage of Miller Class I and II gingival recessions allows root coverage, gain of attachment level, and an increase of keratinized mucosa. For root coverage, it is not necessary to use the GTR membrane associated to the PDS tent, thereby reducing surgical costs. Future studies should be conducted to assess the sole performance of the PDS as an alternative method to a connective tissue graft and coronal sliding flap, thus decreasing risks and post‐surgery discomfort.
Clinical Periodontal and Microbiologic Parameters in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Stein Jamal M. , Kuch Bernhard , Conrads Georg , Fickl Stefan , Chrobot Jaroslaw , Schulz Susanne , Ocklenburg Christina , Smeets Ralf
Published: September 2009

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of clinical periodontal parameters and the presence of periodontal pathogens in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods: A total of 104 subjects (54 patients with AMI and 50 healthy controls) were included. Subgingival plaque samples were analyzed for periodontal pathogens Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa; previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Tannerella forsythia (Tf; previously T. forsythensis), and Prevotella intermedia (Pi) using dot‐blot hybridization.

Results: Patients with AMI had a significantly higher frequency of probing depths (PDs) ≥4 mm than controls (39.2% versus 14.9%; P <0.0001). Among different cutoff levels, the frequency of >50% sites with PDs ≥4 mm showed the highest discrepancy between both groups (33% versus 0%; P <0.001). All periodontal pathogens were overrepresented in patients with AMI and positively correlated with increased periodontal PD and clinical attachment level (CAL). After adjustment for age, gender, smoking, body mass index, hypertension, plaque index, statin intake, and ratio of cholesterol to high‐density lipoprotein, Pg remained a significant predictor for AMI (odds ratio [OR]: 13.6; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.1 to 59.8; P = 0.0005). Furthermore, the simultaneous presence of Aa + Pg (P = 0.0005) and Aa + Pg + Tf (P = 0.0018) were found with significantly higher frequency in patients with AMI than controls.

Conclusions: The results of our study confirm an association between periodontitis and AMI in which periodontal destruction was correlated with the presence of periodontal pathogens. In particular, Pg might be considered a potential risk indicator for AMI.
Mechanical Tension Alters Semaphorin Expression in the Periodontium
Authors: Spencer Amber Y. , Lallier Thomas E.
Published: September 2009

Background: Periodontal remodeling requires coordinated cell movement. Semaphorins are cell‐surface signals that regulate cell migration and may be differentially regulated by periodontal cells. Mechanical tension can regulate periodontal ligament (PDL) remodeling. We predicted that mechanical tension alters the expression of the subset of semaphorins in the periodontium likely to be most involved with regulating the remodeling of this tissue.

Methods: PDL and gingival cells were exposed to mechanical tension, and their attachment and movement on collagen matrices were evaluated. Alterations in extracellular matrix and semaphorin transcript expression were monitored by semiquantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Mechanical tension induced osteoclast regulatory transcripts in the PDL cells to a greater extent than gingival fibroblasts, increasing the expression of osteoprotegerin and decreasing receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B ligand. These mechanical forces reduced PDL cell mingling, without altering cell attachment or motility. Concurrently, these forces induced dynamic changes in several semaphorin molecules in PDL cells, increasing semaphorin 3D and 5B and decreasing semaphorin 7A. In addition, plexin transcript expression was altered, decreasing plexin A1 and increasing plexin C1. These changes were different than those observed in gingival fibroblasts.

Conclusions: These data suggest that a subset of semaphorins and plexins are dynamically regulated in the PDL. Because these molecules may be involved in cell guidance, changes in semaphorins may play a pivotal role in periodontal remodeling, affecting angiogenesis or PDL cell invasion into sites of injury.
Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome and Periodontal Disease in Japanese Adults
Authors: Kushiyama Mitoshi , Shimazaki Yoshihiro , Yamashita Yoshihisa
Published: September 2009

Background: Metabolic syndrome is becoming a common disorder worldwide. Studies have shown a relationship between metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease, although information on the relationship is limited.

Methods: We analyzed 1,070 Japanese people aged 40, 50, 60, and 70 years who participated in health and periodontal examinations in Miyazaki City, Japan. We examined the relationship between each component and the number of positive components of metabolic syndrome (obesity, high blood pressure, low high‐density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and high plasma glucose) and periodontal status assessed using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI).

Results: Of the five components of metabolic syndrome, high blood pressure and low HDL cholesterol level were each significantly associated with having a high CPI code (code 4). The subjects with three components and those with four or five components of metabolic syndrome had a significantly higher prevalence of a high CPI code compared to those having no components after adjusting for confounding variables; the odds ratios were 2.13 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22 to 3.70) and 2.34 (95% CI: 1.08 to 5.08), respectively.

Conclusion: This study supports the suspected but unproved relationship between metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease.
Improving management for the benefit of people and pigs: Synchronized farrowing in the pig
Authors: Wähner Martin , Hühn U.
Published: September 2009

The induction of farrowing within a reproductive management framework already plays a considerable routine role in the husbandry of the sow herd. This issue increases the awareness of the effects that the various chosen farrowing synchronizing injections and treatment programs have in parturient sows and piglets. The application of biotechnologically derived methods to synchronize the commencement of the birth process and the management of farrowing can be traced back to the 1970?s. Following the availability of Prostaglandin F2? various treatment programs for synchronizing farrowings were developed. The injection to induce farrowing must not be given prior to the 114th day of gestation, in order to ensure minimal risk of affecting the final and important growth surge of the fetuses. The combination of PGF2? with a long acting Oxytocin (Hypophysin?) allows for a further reduction in the individual variation in the commencement of farrowing and reduces the duration of farrowing for each parturient sow. The synchronization eases the observation, recording and husbandry tasks required for the sow and neo-natal piglets, facilitates an effective cross fostering system and where problematic, reduces the frequency of dystocias and MMA type disorders.
Investigation of some factors of behavior and milk production of cows bred tied with milk duct
Authors: Jecov Jeco , Popova Yovka , Gaidarsca Verginia , Dimova Vania
Published: September 2009

The ethological research took part on the farm of the Institute of Animal Breeding in Stara Zagora, Bulgaria with three groups consisting of five cows each, leveled by the method of the analogues in regard to the breed, age lactation, and milk yield. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the influence - changing of the permanent places of cows, change of the sequence of milking and changing of the neighbors bilateral under the main behavior reactions (standing, lying, feeding, moving) and milk production of lactating cows bred tied with milking performed by milk duct. During this research we made visual observations of main reactions of behavior (standing and lying) by the method of group chronometer measuring after 5 min, a day before and 2 days after the change. A control was done under an average daily milk yield and continuing of the milking of each cow from the three groups. We found that the complex change in the investigated factors registered impermanent changes in the built stereotype of animals shown with the changing of main behavior reactions and increase of average daily milk yield.
Improvement of production performance of domestic spotted cattle using Montbeliard bulls
Authors: Perkovic Stevan , Bulj Milan , Stepic Rajko , Petrovic Milan
Published: September 2009

Improvement of breed structure of cattle, that is improvement of their production performance and characteristics, as well as phenotype, is main task of centers for artificial insemination and expert services. During the period 1992 - 2000, in Republic of Serbia, 8 Montbeliard bulls were active in AI Centre Krnjaca. Bulls originated from Montbeliard heifers imported from France into Negotin region. Bulls were raised, exploited in AI Centre Krnjaca and tested on the territory of the Republic. Of total 8 bulls, 6 completed progeny testing and for 2 bulls test is ongoing. Testing was carried out by A control compared to Simmental bulls used and tested in identical conditions and under same criteria. Results of the test concerning milkiness are higher by 296 l, and lower by O,54% for milk fat. Exterior traits in average are increased with the exception of body mass that is in average lower by 16 kg.
Results of the poll concerning the consumption of beef and consumer attitude towards meat as food stuff
Authors: Pavlovski Zlatica , Aleksic Stevica , Lukic Milos , Miscevic Branislav , Skrbic Zdenka
Published: September 2009

In order to investigate consumption of beef and consumer attitude towards beef as foodstuff, 504 consumers of different sex, age, financial status and profession were included in carried out poll. Consumers were given questionnaires containing questions about their habits relating to meat purchasing, also meat preparation methods, weekly consumption of meat and factors influencing the meat quality. Answers of polled consumers were processed according to sex, profession, age and income. Based on obtained results the following can be concluded: majority of polled male and female consumers consider meat to be very important in their nutrition; female consumers, students don't think of meat as very important in their nutrition; 48,7% of male consumers and 50,8% of female consumers use meat because of it's nutritious value; all polled consumers regardless of their age, sex, income or profession consume beef more than lamb meat; poled consumers mostly buy meat at the butcher's, however consumers of moderate financial status mostly purchase meat in the country; most frequent method of preparation is cooking, while male students mostly cook meat, female consumers mostly roast or grill meat; majority of polled consumers consider breed, sex and age of animal to be main factors influencing meat quality.
The use of the biologically active substances from plant and animal products for the stimulation of the reproduction in domestic animals
Authors: Kistanova Elena
Published: September 2009

The important aim of animal industry is the production of ecologically clean animal products. It is known that the wide use of synthetic hormones for stimulation of reproductive functions had shown numerous negative consequences, most important being their ability to accumulate in meat and milk. During the last 10 years the researches concerning the use of natural bio stimulants for reproduction have progressed. In this literature preview the experience in application of different bio stimulants from plant and animal products (placenta, colostrum, plant extracts, plant hormone) is described, which can improve the male and female reproductive functions of domestic animals.