bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Globalization Processes in Architecture
Authors: Fellahi Nadjla
Published: August 2021

The beginning of globalization according to Karl Marx’s anticipation when the Bourgeoisie class were expending their products to reach the whole globe starting from the mid of the 19th century, other scholars assume that globalization can be seen as a thread run through all the past humanities starting from our ancestors and their migration across the world which makes no fixed beginning nor an expected end of it. Globalization changed the relations between producers and consumers, also it broken various links between labor with family, daily life, as well as national attachments. The objective of this article is to discuss the progress of the globalization in the field of architecture, its signs, and its processes. The article also demonstrates how the aspect of localities has been affected by the global forces which will be done through two case studies: Algiers and Istanbul. The results expose that Globalization approach can be defined from various perspectives, but what common in these viewpoints is the "Mobility" of thoughts, objects, people, and ideas between regions, nations, and continents. The stereotype aspect of global cities which characterized by tall-sized buildings, the new materials, the sophisticated facades, new technologies etc., has impacted on the priorities of people and authorities of various countries like Algeria, and Turkey.
Application of In-Ovo Injection of Some Substances for Manipulation of Sex and Improving Performance in Chicken
Authors: Ataei Abdol Hossain , Kırkpınar Figen
Published: August 2021

In intensive production, freshly hatched cockerels are culled in the layer hatchery (7 billion males each year), On the other hand, for meat production rearing female birds has not economic benefits because of male broiler chicks have a faster growth rate and better feed efficiency than females. In this regards several methods are being developed for sex determination in the chick embryo during the incubation period. But these methods need to be rapid, cost-efficient, and suitable practical for commercial use. Additionally, sex determination should be done before pain perception has evolved in chick embryos. Biotechnology by in ovo technique to sex determination of between male and female chicks or sex reversal could improve production and eliminate ethical dilemmas for poultry industries. In birds, the differentiation of embryonic gonads is not determined by genetic gender with the certainty that occurs in mammals and can be affected by early treatment with a steroid hormone. During the development of the chick embryo, the genotype of the zygote determines the nature of the gonads, which then caused male or female phenotype. The differentiation of gonads during the period called the "critical period of sexual differentiation" is accompanied by the beginning of secretion of sexual hormones. Namely, any change in the concentration of steroid hormones during the critical period affects the structure of the gonads. Many synthetic anti-aromatases such as federazole and non-synthetic in plants, mushrooms, and fruits containing natural flavonoids have been used in the experiments in ovo injection of anti-aromatase had no negative effect on the growth performance of sexual reversal female chickens. In conclusion, administration of an aromatase inhibitor causes testicular growth in the genetic female gender, and estrogen administration leads to the production of the left ovotestis in the genetic male gender. Therefore, in the early stages of embryonic development, sexual differentiation can be affected by changing the ratio of sexual hormones. In this review, effects of some substances applied by in ovo injection technique on sex reversal and performance in chicks.
Simetrik Akarsu Kavşağında Tek Yan Koldaki Taban Eşitsizliğinin Su Yüzeyi Profiline Etkisi
Authors: Büyüker Zehra , Bombar Gökçen , Cardoso António Heleno
Published: August 2021

İki ya da daha fazla akarsuyun birleşmesiyle oluşan akarsu kavşakları, akış ağlarında sıklıkla karşılaşılan bir oluşum olup, kollardaki su seviyesinin yükselmesi gibi akış koşullarının değişmesi ve buna bağlı olarak taşkın hasarlarına ve ekonomik kayıplara neden olabileceğinden incelenmesi gereken bir konudur. Bu kapsamda, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi’nde mevcut dikdörtgen kesitli birbirine 90° açıyla bağlanan 1 m genişliğinde simetrik iki yan kola sahip ve 2 m genişliğinde ve 18 m uzunluğunda açık kanaldan oluşan simetrik akarsu kavşağı üzerinde deneyler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yan kollardan birinde taban eşitsizliği 12 cm’lik bir yükselti ile sağlanmıştır. Deneylerde sağ kol debisi 15 l/s, taban eşitsizliğine sahip sol kol debisi 20 l/s’dir. Mansap derinlikleri 15 cm ve 25 cm olacak şekilde mansap kapağı ayarlanmış ve akım derinlikleri ölçümü kanal eksenlerinde, akım yönünde ana kanalda kavşaktan mansaba kadar 50 cm, yan kollarda membadan kavşağa kadar 25 cm arayla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, yan kollardaki ve ana kanaldaki su seviyeleri mevcut raylı sistem üzerine monte edilmiş limnimetre yardımıyla elde edilmiştir. Her iki deney için su yüzeyi profili elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen deneysel sonuçlar uniform olmayan akım tiplerinden H2 tipi için su yüzeyi profili sayısal olarak çözülmüş ve karşılaştırılmıştır. Sayısal ve deneysel sonuçların akarsu kavşağı mansabında uyum içinde olduğu görülmüştür.
Rural Electrification with Solar Powered Mini-Grids and Stand-Alone Solar System Installations: Case of Somalia
Authors: Abdi Abdiaziz Hussein , Zorlu Hasan
Published: August 2021

Access to electricity still remains a distant dream in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa. In the energy sector, Somalia is one of the most underdeveloped in the region. Especially in rural areas, the rate of electrification is the lowest with the high cost of power, for electricity generation, Somalia depends on imported petroleum products, and cooking relies on biomass resources, and only a small fraction of the population has safe, reliable, and affordable energy services. Generally, the population in rural areas is composed of a high percentage of poor households and low population density. For this reason, there are not attractive economic benefits for electricity supply utilities or private investors to offer electricity services to these villages. So, this work presented technical and economic challenges for introducing solar-powered mini-grid and stand-alone solar system installations in Somalia's rural areas. Solar-powered mini-grid and stand-alone solar system have been considered for supplying an electrical load in a rural area.to design an off-grid system a well-known freeware HOMER modeling tool has been used. To supply electricity directly to the load solar energy is considered as the primary source and when excess generation happens a battery bank is considered for electrical storage. During the design of this power system the community's load has been suggested for lighting, fan, school, and health clinic equipment load, television, radio, and the simulation and optimization of the system were done based on the electrical load, sources of climatic data, the economics of the power components and other parameters. Finally, a solar-powered mini-grid is developed for a collection of communities and a standalone solar system for clustered buildings is also developed. For further research, the limitations, availability, and areas have also been identified.
Design and Production of a New Smaller Diameter Axial Bearing Subjected to High Wear Loads
Authors: Dayı Sinan , Çevik Mehmet
Published: August 2021

In the steering system of a passenger car, one of the essential components is the tie rod, and the sub-assembly component is the inner tie rod, which is subject to static and dynamic bearing loads. These bearing loads are the key points to ensure the inner tie rod's performance and total lifetime. A significant drop in the inner tie rod's performance can cause uncomfortable driving conditions and noise during driving. Most of the designs are developed over-safe with bigger ball sizes to fulfill the defined requirements. On the other hand, over-safe design can cause higher prices. In this study, a new small diameter axial bearing system is developed subjected to high wear loads on the inner tie rod. Three design parameters are considered: press force, tempering method, and tempering temperature. A smaller ball diameter design is created during the development phase. After the manufacturing, the inner tie rods are tested concerning the wear test and setting behavior under the maximum loading test. Results have been compared with a bigger ball size design. By changing the production and assembly parameters, optimum assembly conditions have been defined. Functional measurements before and after testing have validated the new smaller ball diameter design for serial usage.
Biyofilik Tasarım Kriterleri Bağlamında Ofis Tasarımı
Authors: Demirkol Ahenk Karci , Önaç Ayşe Kalaycı
Published: August 2021

Çevreden gelen uyaranlar insanlar tarafından farkında olmadan algılanır ve bunun sonucunda ortaya çıkan tepkiler insanların yaşam kalitesini etkiler. Biyofili kavramı, insanların doğal çevre ve yaşayan diğer canlılar ile doğuştan gelen içgüdüsel bir bağı olduğunu ifade etmektedir. Doğal ortamlar ve doğal materyaller kullanılarak tasarlanan mekanların insanların mental ve fiziksel sağlıkları üzerine restoratif etkileri bulunmaktadır. Biyofilik tasarım ise, günümüzde ki yapılı çevrede doğal bir yaşam alanı yaratarak, insanların sağlık ve refah düzeylerini artırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Sanayi devriminden sonra artan kurumsal şirketlerin mekân ihtiyacına cevap vermek için ofis mekanları ortaya çıkmıştır. Günümüzde, insanların günlük rutininin önemli bir bölümünü çalışma hayatı oluşturmaktadır. Dolayısıyla insanlar zamanlarının büyük bir bölümünü kapalı ofis ortamlarında geçirmektedirler. Bu nedenle ofis tasarımları önem taşımaktadır. Sağlık, insanların sadece fiziksel olarak değil zihinsel olarak da kendilerini iyi hissetme hali olarak tanımlanır. Sağlık üretkenliği etkilemektedir, bu sebeple çalışma ortamları tasarımları büyük önem taşımaktadır. Sağlıklı çalışma ortamları doğa ile iç içe tasarlanan, sürdürülebilir malzemelerin kullanıldığı, termal konforun sağlandığı, iyi hava kalitesine sahip, ergonomi standartları dikkate alınarak tasarlanmış mekanlar olarak tanımlanabilirler. Günümüzde, yapılı çevreler insanları doğadan koparan önemli bir etmendir. Biyofilik tasarım, doğal unsurların iç mekanlara entegre edilmesine katkıda bulunacak tasarım ilkeleri sunarak bu kopuşun önüne geçerek insanların hayat kalitesini artırmayı hedeflemektedir. Biyofilik tasarımın ilkeleri; çevresel niteliklerin kullanılması, doğal formların kullanılması, doğal dokuların ve süreçlerin kullanılması, ışığın kullanılması, mekânsal ilişkilerin sağlanması ve insan doğa ilişkilerinin mekanlara yansıtılması şeklinde özetlenebilir. Biyofilik tasarım, mimaride yeni bir akım olmasına rağmen, insan sağlığı, ekoloji ve sürdürülebilirlik ilkelerini de kapsamaktadır. Biyofilik tasarımın temel amacı, insanın doğa ile bağını sağlayarak doğal unsurları barındıran mekanlar dizayn etmektir. Biyofilik tasarım kriterleri çerçevesinde tasarlanmış ofis ortamları; çalışanlar üzerinde konsantrasyon artırıcı, stres düşürücü etkiye sahiptir. Ayrıca doğal unsurlar ve materyaller kullanıldığı için iç mekân çevre kalitesini de artırmaktadır. Biyofilik tasarım ilkeleri doğrultusunda tasarlanmış ofis ortamları, çalışanların sağlıklarını ve yaratıcılıklarını pozitif yönde etkilemektedir. Buna bağlı olarak, çalışanların üretkenlikleri ve çalışma hayatı kaliteleri artmaktadır. Çalışmada, öncelikle biyofili ve biyofilik tasarım unsurları, literatür çalışması ışığında açıklanmıştır. Daha sonra biyofilik ofis tasarımı unsurlarına göre Amazon Seattle Ana Merkezi değerlendirilmiştir. Son olarak da biyofilik tasarım unsurlarının ofis tasarımlarına ve çalışma alanlarına entegre edilmesini sağlayan öneriler sunulmuştur.
Sectional Ductility of Wide Beams
Authors: Şen Ornela Lalaj , Çevik Mehmet , Kayhan Ali Haydar
Published: August 2021

Wide beam structures are categorized as Limited Ductility Class in Turkey and elsewhere and considered not fit for construction in areas of high seismicity. One of the main reasons that wide beam structures are considered to possess limited ductility is the perceived low local ductility of the wide beams, due to the high reinforcement ratios. Wide beams have small depths, which indeed require higher reinforcement ratios to produce the necessary moment capacities, as compared to normal beams. However, the low local ductility of the wide beams can be contested. This paper presents a database of more than 150 beam sections, some of which are normal and some of which are wide beams. The moment-rotation relationships were computed for all the sections, and the sectional ductility was calculated from the yield and ultimate rotations. The relations between sectional ductility and other parameters such as section aspect ratio, longitudinal reinforcement ratio and transverse reinforcement ratio were investigated. An example of the relation between ductility and section properties, in this case section aspect ratio is shown. Both positive and negative ductility were calculated and plotted. It should be noted that beams with section ratio of 0.5 are conventional beams, while the rest are wide beams. The values of ductility vary for all beams, and conventional beams have a slightly wider spread. While these parameters vary within the section database, the sectional ductility oscillates around 30, and no clear correlations could be established for any of the above-mentioned parameters. There were no significant differences between the average sectional ductility of conventional and wide beams. For this dataset, the mean positive ductility was 29.66 and 29.33 for conventional and wide beams respectively, and the mean negative ductility was 28.96 and 31.50 for conventional and wide beams, respectively.
Dural Arteriovenous Fistula with Retrograde Drainage into the Cortical Veins (Case Report)
Authors: Filatov A. S. , Kremneva E. I. , Konovalov R. N. , Sin’kova V. V. , Lyaskovik A. A. , Chechetkin A. O. , Dobrynina L. A. , Krotenkova M. V.
Published: August 2021

We present clinical case of a patient who was referred for brain MRI to clarify the cause of a first-time seizure. MRI examination showed cortical and medullary veins ectasia in the left cerebral hemisphere with multiple cerebral microbleeds around the medullary veins. The revealed changes were considered as a manifestation of regional venous hypertension, however, its cause remained unclear. We decided to perform non-contrast 3D-TOF angiography that revealed a dural arteriovenous fistula between the left occipital artery and the sigmoid venous sinus with retrograde drainage into cortical veins (Borden type II, Cognard type IIb). Early diagnosis and treatment of «aggressive» dural arteriovenous fistulas avoids the development of lifethreatening complications (an annual hemorrhage rate of 8,1%).
Capabilities of Imaging Methods in Preoperative Planning for the Elimination of Acquired Maxillofacial Defects
Authors: Trefilov A. A. , Kryukov E. V. , Troyan V. N. , Tereshhuk S. V. , Suharev V. A. , Aseeva I. A. , Gaydukova E. V.
Published: August 2021

In this work a comparative analysis of the possibilities and efficiency of lower extremities perforator vessels visualization using the methods of Doppler ultrasound (DUS) and computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is carried out. As a result, it is shown that DUS has a number of advantages over CTA, allowing to obtain a clearer image of perforator vessels, to determine the exact location of their anatomical localization.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CRYSTALLOGRAM OF THE ORAL FLUID IN PATIENTS WHO USE HEROIN AND METHADONE
Authors: SEVBITOV A. , DOROFEEV A. , KUZNETSOVA M. , TIMOSHIN A. , ERSHOV K.
Published: August 2021

Currently, the problem of drug addiction is one of the main not only in healthcare but also in society, because it poses a serious threat to the life and health of the working-age population. Persons suffering from drug addiction, are characterized not only by severe disorders of the Central nervous system, internal organs, but also pathological changes in the mucous membrane of the oral cavity. The results of studies indicate that persons suffering from drug dependence on opiates (mainly from heroin addiction) and taking methadone (a synthetic drug from the group of opioids used in some countries as substitution therapy in the treatment of drug dependence), along with the general toxic effects on the body, there are significant changes in the state of the dentition.The aim of the work is to analyze the results of oral fluid crystallograms in patients using heroin and methadone and to identify the features of crystal morphology depending on the substance used. For the first time, changes in crystal morphology were detected in patients taking heroin and methadone. The article presents the results of the analysis of crystallograms of oral fluid of patients using heroin and methadone, the features of their morphology, distinctive quality features, including the lack of crystal growth and rupture of its structure. It is noted that these morphological changes in the crystallization of oral fluid of drug-dependent patients identified for the first time and can be used for diagnostic purposes in dentistry to identify patients who use heroin or methadone. Analysis of the results of these crystallograms in the studied categories of patients allows to differentiate them depending on the substance used (heroin, methadone), which can be used in
clinical practice.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN IN VITRO MULTIPLICATION SYSTEM FOR RUBUS LOGANOBACCUS L.
Authors: SAEIDEH E. H. , HOSSEIN L. Y. , MOHAMMAD H. A. , SARA S.
Published: August 2021

The Rubus loganobaccus L. variety is a hybrid produced from a cross between Rubus idaeus and Rubus ursinus, which is well-known for its exatic distinguished fruits. However, a commercial cost-effective multiplication method has not been introduced yet, which micropropagation as a reliable technique could be an efficient economic procedure to generate uniform plant materials. In this case, an experiment carried out using plant buds explants the most appropriate disinfection treatments found out to be 1 to 5 min in 0.1% mercuric chloride in which healthy buds grew with no fungal/bacterial contamination. The highest rooting percentage (96.66%) and the lowest rooting percentage (60%) were observed in concentrations of phytohormones in MS +BA( 1 mg∙L-1) IBA + (0.1 mg∙L-1) and MS + 2ip (1 mg∙L-1) + IBA (0.1 mg∙L-1), respectively. The maximum and the minimum average root length were 3 cm and 1 cm, respectively. In the acclimatization stage of the plant root, the maximum percentage of survived and fresh pots 96.43%, the maximum average number of branching 8.73, the minimum average number of branching 3.13 in treatments MS + BA( 1 mg∙L-1) + IBA(0.1 mg∙L-1) and hormonefree MS medium, respectively, the maximum branch length 5.22 cm, and the minimum branch length 1.71 cm in MS + 2ip (2 mg∙L-1) + IBA (0.1 mg∙L-1) and AN + BA (1 mg∙L-1) + IBA (0.1 mg∙L-1), respectively, were observed. Overall, this protocol comperhensively addresses the whole process of micropropagation and can be further be used in commercial propagation of Rubus loganobaccus and produce plant materials with superior advantages over conventional methods.
THE CHEMISTRY TEACHING AND THE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT: A CASE STUDY IN THE STATE BASIC EDUCATION OF ESTEIO CITY, BRAZIL.
Authors: FRANCO V. de A. , BEDIN E.
Published: August 2021

It is the constant object of discussion and reflection in the academic environment the students' difficulties in understanding the contents and concepts of the chemistry discipline in basic education and the pedagogical practice itself develop in a contextualized way. Considering this premise, this study aimed to investigate and understand the factors that hinder the teaching process of Chemistry in the 2nd and 3rd years of high school of a state public school in Esteio / RS, emphasize the methodology adopted by the teacher the active participation of students in the classroom and their relation with chemistry teaching. For this exploratory research, a qualitative and quantitative field study was conducted through on-site observation of 15 hours/class and subsequent application of a questionnaire to students. The data, interpreted and reflected based on the observation and authors of the area, were exposed through percentage charts, considering the total of respondents (15 students in the second graders and 8 students in the third graders in high school). At the end, the results of the analysis of the answers given by the students reveal aspects that indicate that there is a great nonconformity in the teaching process of this subject and an inconsistency in the pedagogical saying and doing, corroborating the current educational system, which is not consistent with an expressive learning in chemistry teaching, deserving a deep reflection. Therefore, the new teaching methodologies, as well as philosophical and epistemological theories, emerged in recent decades, still failed to bring about changes in the old pedagogical practices.
STUDY OF SEA BUCKTHORN SEED POWDER EFFECT ON THE PRODUCTION OF COOKED-SMOKED MEAT PRODUCTS FROM CAMEL MEAT AND BEEF
Authors: MAKANGALI K. , KONYSBAEVA D. , ZHAKUPOVA G. , GORBULYA V. , SUYUNDIKOVA Zh.
Published: August 2021

Consumer properties of meat largely depend on the physical and chemical composition. The value of camel meat is determined by its high content of nutrients in an easily digestible form necessary for the normal functioning of the body. However, the main obstacle to the use of camel meat in the production of sausage products is meat hardness and weak moisture-binding capacity of camel meat. Thus, research in this area is relevant. This article represents the study of sea buckthorn seed powder effect on the quality indicators of cooked-smoked meat products from camel meat and beef. In this regard, the chemical composition of the sea buckthorn seed powder was studied, which showed a high content of proteins and polysaccharides. It was found that the powder from the sea buckthorn seeds is a source of such biologically active substances as tocopherol 62.15 ± 2.13 mg/100 g, carotenoids 4.21 ± 0.22 mg/100 g, and flavonoids 1.54 ± 0.06%.06%. The choice of powder from the sea buckthorn seeds as part of cooked-smoked meat product from camel meat and beef is justified. It has been scientifically proven that the powder from the sea buckthorn seeds boosts the functional and technological parameters, improves the structural, mechanical and color characteristics of the finished product. In particular, it increases the product yield by 6.8%, the moisture content by 9.35%, the moisture-binding capacity by 2%, the fat-holding capacity by 3.5%; the shearing force was 5.8 N/m. As a result of the study, the use of sea buckthorn seed powder in the production of meat products from camel meat and beef has been proposed.
THE POTENTIALITY OF THE ENERGY GENERATION FROM SLAUGHTERHOUSE SLUDGE AND WOOD SAWDUST
Authors: MENEZES K. M. da S. , PRADOS C. P. , FIGUEREDO K. S. L. de
Published: August 2021

The use of waste for energy production through processes like pyrolysis, combustion and oil extraction is a sustainable solution to serious environmental problems like centralization of the energy matrix in nonrenewable materials and pollutants and the volume of urban solid waste. In this context, this work aimed to analyze the energy potential of two solid waste biomasses: municipal slaughter sludge and wood sawdust generated in the city of Gurupi –TO. Were evaluated the contents of humidity, volatile content, ash, fixed carbon through the immediate analysis and upper (PCS) and lower (PCI) calorific value were evaluated for all samples collected. In the immediate analysis it was found that the sludge sample had higher ash content than the sawdust and both had high volatile contents. The sawdust presented higher calorific power (4882 cal kg-1) than the sludge (3952.5 cal kg-1), but the process of obtaining energy from the sludge requires less heat. It can also be concluded that both materials present viable alternatives for obtaining energy.
CHRISIN: A REVIEW OF ITS THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS
Authors: KULTZ T. W. , ROZISCA E. A. , CAMARGO L. E. A.
Published: August 2021

The chrysin, flavonoid mainly encountered in plants and beekeeping products, has awakened the interest between researchers from all over the world, due the wide range of therapeutic properties, like anti inflammatory and antioxidant activities and also your potent antitumor effect. The goal of this task was investigate the various therapeutic applications of chrysin, relating in vitro and in vivo assays, as well as your applications in nanotecnology field. Because of that, this article has been developed with researches relating keywords in scientific search sites, like PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar, etc. Gathering great part of recent literature, it could be seen that the biological properties of chrysin, such as anti inflamatory, antioxidant and antitumoral activities, can be verified by using plants extracts properly treated and purified, or in applications using nanotecnology as being an alternative for a directly and precise use of these activities. Thus, it has been verified the uses against breast cancer, thyroid cancer and uterine colon cancer. Therefore, concludes that chrysin features numerous activities and therapeutic properties tested by in vitro and in vivo assays, in addition to all its nanoapplication potential. These results show and justify the importance of this research for society and for the scientific scope. The differential of this article is the combination of nanotechnology studies and the therapeutic properties of chrysin, which contributes to future research on the topics.
NEW VOLTAMMETRIC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF PHENANTHRENE IN GROUNDWATER
Authors: FERREIRA A. P. M. , TEIXEIRA E. J. N. , OLIVEIRA I. M. de , PINHEIRO H. de A. , MARQUES A. L. B.
Published: August 2021

This work proposes a new method for the determination of phenanthrene (FEN) in aqueous medium with a cobalt phthalocyanine modified glassy carbon electrode (ECV / CoPc), using Differential Pulse Voltammetry (VPD), whose oxidation of FEN occurs between 1,3 and 1,4 V. The electrode was modified with a 1x10-3 mol∙L-1 CoPc methanolic solution containing 10% Nafion. For voltammetric measurements in Differential Pulse mode, an amplitude of 0.7V and a scan rate of 0.04V s-1 were used. Experimental parameters were optimized for the purpose of determination of FEN in groundwater collected in a water well of a São Luis-MA fuel station. Under these optimized conditions, an analytical curve was obtained in the 0.49 to 2,4 μM concentration range, with a detection limit of 1,2 x 10-10 mol∙L-1. The method was applied to a real groundwater sample from a water well located at a fuel station, and an average concentration of 0.037 μM FEN was found (n = 5), presenting a variation coefficient of 0.88, indicating good precision. Accuracy was assessed by the recovery test, whose average value was 99.9%. These results indicate that the proposed procedure is a good alternative for the analysis of FEN in natural water.
EFFECT OF HIGH-CURRENT ELECTRON BEAM IRRADIATION ON RESISTANCE OF SULFIDE-OXIDE CORROSION OF NI-CR-AL-Y ION-PLASMA COATINGS
Authors: BYTSENKO O. A. , SHATILOV A. V. , DANEKO A. I. , FILONOVA E. V. , MARKOV A. B.
Published: August 2021

Recently, the emergence of accelerators of high-current electron beams and powerful electron ion beams has contributed to the creation of unique effects of concentrated energy flows on materials. Upgrading of production processes and development of new technological processes of both domestic aircraft propulsion engineering and aviation arms remain topical and needed. Engine operational reliability depends on that of turbine blades. They are the most loaded details because they are experienced to action of static, dynamic and cyclic loadings as well as are subjected to cyclic thermal stresses. Therefore the main objective of our paper is to analyze the effect of high-current electron beam irradiation on-resistance of sulfide-oxide corrosion (SOC)of Ni-Cr-Al-Yion-plasma coatings. To achieve this purpose, beam irradiation was performed using the RITM-SP complex automated electron-beam setup. Modification of surface layer of SDP 2+VSDP16 ion-plasma coating by microsecond high-current electron beams of selected mode made it possible to increase considerably the SOC resistance. An analysis of the surface and microstructure of samples after SOC testing enabled to determine different effects of medium on sample coating depending on the state of the sample surface. When investigated samples microstructure, we found that after modification certain cracks on sample surface did not develop in the course of testing. It was found that some craters were not necessarily centers of corrosion damage origin, i.e., the existence of given types of craters and their impact on SOC resistance stability are ambiguous.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION HPLC METHODS OF THE FLUOROQUINOLONE ANTIBIOTICS - MOXIFLOXACIN HYDROCHLORIDE AND NORFLOXACIN IN SUPPORT OF ADSORPTION STUDY ON NATURAL ZEOLITES
Authors: RUBASHVILI I. , ZAUTASHVILI M. , KORDZAKHIA T. , EPRIKASHVILI L.
Published: August 2021

The fluoroquinolone antibiotics have been widely used in human and animal medicine. Residual antibiotics pollution has become one of the most serious environmental and human health problems today. Therefore, it has been a great exigency to develop some efficient and cost-effective treatment methods and technologies for antibiotics removal from industrial and household contaminated water. There is the most used technique - adsorption for the treatment of wastewaters. Due to high cation-exchange ability as well as to the molecular sieve properties, natural zeolites can be used as adsorbents for removal of the above-mentioned antibiotics from wastewaters and in the purification process. The present research concerns the development and validation of new, selective, sensitive and rapid HPLC methods for the quantitative determination of the most frequently used fluoroquinolone antibiotics – moxifloxacin hydrochloride and norfloxacin in aqueous solutions to measure their adsorption on the natural zeolites and for routine analysis of wastewaters. The proposed HPLC methods were validated with respect to robustness (standard solution stability study, membrane filter compatibility test, critical factors effect study using design of experiments - DoE), system suitability test, specificity, linearity-range (over the concentration range of 0.05 to 2000 μg/mL for both antibiotics), precision, accuracy, limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ). The LOD and LOQ were 0.01 and 0.05 μg/mL for moxifloxacin hydrochloride and 0.008 and 0.05 μg/mL for norfloxacin, respectively. Adsorption experiment by natural zeolites in static and dynamic conditions was used for sample preparation of both test fluoroquinolone antibiotics.
RATIONALE FOR THE USE OF THERAPEUTIC AND PROPHYLACTIC COMPLEX TO PREVENT INTOLERANCE TO ACRYLATES IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERFUNCTION OF THE THYROID GLANDS
Authors: SEVBITOV A. , ZHAD KO S. , ERSHOV K. , BORISOV V. , MIRONOV S.
Published: August 2021

This investigation is devoted to the analysis of acrylic removable denture’s effect on the mucous and hard tissues of the oral cavity of patients with hyperthyroidism and, also, to rationale for application the curative and prophylactic range of measures based on the preparation “Endonorm” for precaution of events of intolerance of patients with mentioned pathology. Morphological and functional changes in the thyroid gland Note: This study is the continuation and expansion of a previously published study. Affect the general state of the human body, including tissues of the oral cavity, and these impairments usually manifest by the early loss of teeth due to caries and periodontal diseases. Oral manifestations of thyrotoxicosis include increased susceptibility to caries, periodontal disease, enlargement of extraglandular thyroid tissue, maxillary or mandibular osteoporosis, accelerated teething, and burning mouth syndrome. This problem in such patients, in particular, those suffering from hyperfunction of the thyroid gland, should be resolved by means of complex medicinal therapy to increase resistance and reduce the level of body sensitization. “Endonorm” is a mixture of dry vegetable extracts of white cinquefoil, prepared according to special technology, the main active component of the product is Albinin. Purpose of studying the indicators of trypsin-like activity of mixed saliva in patients with hyperfunction of the thyroid gland, whose dentures were manufactured by standard compression method, and by using proposed therapeutic and prophylactic measures. After the applying of removable dentures was defined, the increase of saliva’s enzyme activity on 17% as compared with indices, which was before the beginning of the prosthesis. It established that the proposed curative and prophylactic range of measures permits to prevent the risk of development of events of acrylate intolerance and to normalize the studied indices on 1 month after the prosthesis.
PROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF LIPID SPECTRUM PARAMETERS AND VASCULAR INFLAMMATORY MARKERS AS A VARIANT OF A PERSONIFIED APPROACH TO PROGNOSIS OF UNDESIRABLE CORONARY EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE AFTER ANGIOPLASTY
Authors: PETELINA T. I. , MUSIKHINA N. A. , GAPON L. I. , DYACHKOV S. M. , SHAROYAN Y. A.
Published: August 2021

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the ambiguous role of biochemical mediators in the development of angioplasty complications with stenting and the lack of consensus on the timing of laboratory indicators determine to specify the approaches to the study of biochemical parameters that indicate the nature of the course of coronary heart disease (CHD) and the development of possible undesirable complications after percutaneous coronary intervention. This article aims to analyze the parameters of lipid spectrum and markers of vascular inflammatory reaction in patients with CHD, in groups with stable angina and unstable angina episode after angioplasty with stenting, to trace the dynamics of biochemical parameters and to reveal the predictors of undesirable coronary events. Patients with CHD with significant coronary artery stenosis (CKS, n=95) revealed after coronary angiography (CAG) at the point of maximum increase in the markers of the inflammatory response (3 months after angioplasty) are divided into 2 groups – patients with stable angina pectoris (AP, n=77) until the end of the study and patients with a developed post-revascularization episode of unstable angina (UA, n=18) after angioplasty with stenting. It was established that patients with UA at the initial stage have a significantly higher risk of developing coronary blood flow instability in the post-revascularization period due to initially elevated levels of homocysteine and rf-CRP. The results obtained are very important for the implementation of an optimal program for monitoring patients with coronary artery disease, improving measures to increase adherence to therapy at the outpatient stage of treatment.
PURIFICATION OF ALKALINE ELECTROLYTE FROM DISSOLVED REACTION PRODUCTS DURING WORK OF THE AIR-ALUMINUM CHEMICAL CURRENT SOURCE
Authors: OKOROKOVA N. S. , PERCHENOK A. V. , SUVOROVA E. V. , FARMAKOVSKAYA A. A.
Published: August 2021

The relevance of the article is based on the fact that the state of work on the creation of power sources (PS) with AA chemical current sources (CCS) is at the stage of development and testing of prototypes. The purpose of this article is to calculate dimensions of the electrolyte circuit and the crystallizer. There were experimental studies of the decomposition kinetics of the process solutions of potassium aluminate in the range of temperatures and compositions corresponding to operating conditions with PS AA CCS for various purposes. This study presents the results of applying various methods of cleaning an alkaline electrolyte from dissolved reaction products formed during the operation of an air-aluminum (AA) chemical current source (CCS). The kinetic parameters of decomposition of aluminate solutions were experimentally determined, depending on temperature, the concentration of dissolved aluminum, concentration of initial aluminum hydroxide and the size of the first surface. The dimensions of the electrolyte purification systems from dissolved reaction products — electrolyte circuit and crystallizer — were calculated, which significantly increased the time continuous operation of power sources (PS) based on AA CCS. It was demonstrated that for a 100 W power supply, the crystallizer volume should be 1.3 l with initial concentration of 20 % of mass. The mass of water consumed during the operation of the PS for 6 hours is 1.4 kg.
ENVIRONMENTALLY-ORIENTED TRAINING IN THE PROCESS OF THE PROFESSIONAL PROGRAMME FOR STUDENTS
Authors: DLIMBETOVA G. K. , ABENOVA S. U. , MANDYKAYEVA A. R. , STUKALENKO N. M. , BAKIROVA K. S.
Published: August 2021

Chemical processes form the basis for the existence of all living and inanimate matter. Moreover, the basis for the development of the material world and the determination of the objects’ and materials’ features belongs to the subject area of chemical processing. In this regard, the use of natural resources becomes an urgent problem in order to determine the possibility of its maximum conservation with more intensive use of it. For students of the Faculty of Chemistry, this is especially important since it is they who implement the processes of chemical production that cause the most significant harm to the ecological environment. In addition, the main task of ecologization is to minimize the damage received. Maintaining balance in this regard is the relevance of the research. The novelty of the research is determined by the fact that for the first time environmental competence is considered as a process of future professional support of work in the chemical industry. In the process of research, it was used the longitudinal method, which included a parallel experiment, in which participated the control and the experimental groups. The authors assume that environmental competence should be determined at the beginning of the work of each professional and influence them by applying specialized knowledge. The article reveals the methodological and essential characteristics of applying environmental competence in the professional training of senior students. The use of the proposed approach will allow the regional authorities to exercise operative control and model the scenarios for the development of the processes of ecologization of the territory due to the ecologization of education, taking into account the external environment changes.
THE WAYS OF IMPROVEMENT OF THE METHODS OF HYPOSPADIAS TREATMENT IN CHILDREN: LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: ZHARKIMBAYEVA A. D. , DYUSEMBAYEV A. A. , AUBAKIROV M. T. , GAMZAYEVA Y. M.
Published: August 2021

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that hypospadias is a congenital defect of the urogenital system in boys. The incidence rate of hypospadias differs in different countries. The main etiological factor of this defect development is a hormonal imbalance of different origin in mothers. Hypospadias can be corrected only surgically. Currently, there are a number of surgical approaches used, but still, the number of complications in the postoperative period remains high. The purpose of the article was to evaluate the outcomes of surgical correction of hypospadias in children observed after different approaches to urethroplasty involving transplanting. The authors performed a search for articles in electronic databases Pub Med, Elsevier, Scopus, Web of Science for the period from 2007 to 2018. The authors reviewed 265 articles dedicated to the correction of hypospadias by the following methods: TIP (tabularized incised plate), Mathieu, GTIP (graft tabularized incised plate) and two-stage Bracka urethroplasty. The most widespread complications mentioned in different studies were fistulas, stenosis of the urethral neo-meatus, and secondary deformation of the penis. Current approaches to surgical correction of hypospadias in children do not provide complete recovery from post-operative complications. Due to this fact, the issues of treatment of hypospadias remain relevant, requiring the development of new approaches to urethroplasty.
DYNAMICS OF FORMATION OF FUTURE TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE AMONG FOREIGN STUDENTS
Authors: AKHTARIEVA R. F. , IBRAGIMOVA E. R. , PUCHININA O. P.
Published: August 2021

Russian science remains interested in the formation of the intercultural competence of students. Intensive migration processes taking place in the world lead to the social interaction of representatives of different communities and nations. The relevance of this study lies in the fact that it considers the professional intercultural competence as a necessary condition of acculturation processes among foreign students in polyethnic educational environment of the university. The need to increase competitiveness of Russian higher education institutions in the area of international educational services necessitates creation of appropriate conditions in Russian educational institutions for the full development of a personality of a foreign student as a professional in a particular field of activity in accordance with the social order between the states. The article presents the results of studying the dynamics of formation of future teachers’ professional intercultural competence among foreign students living in Russia from 0 to 5 years. The authors carried out diagnostics of the general level of tolerance among the interviewed students, types of ethnic identity, and positive ethnic identity. The attitudes towards acculturation strategies were also investigated. The study based on the results of a written survey revealed the degree of formation of this competence among the respondents.
STUDY OF THE THERMOPHYSICAL AND PHYSICAL - MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH-ALLOYED ALUMINUM CAST IRON CHYU22SH
Authors: ZHUMADILOVA Z. O. , KALDYBAYEVA S. T. , NURULDAEVA G. Zh , KUMAR D. B.
Published: August 2021

Highly alloyed alloys, in which expensive chromium and nickel are alloying elements, are widely used as heat-resistant materials. Their total content in heat-resistant alloys reaches 30% or more. However, the life of working parts made of heat-resistant alloys is limited. Moreover, the higher the operating temperature, the shorter it is. This leads to increased costs for maintaining the units in working condition. Examples of such parts are the grate of agglomeration machines, details of boiler plants, roasting, heating, and glass melting furnaces, casting molds, exhaust manifolds of forced automobile engines, etc. In this regard, reducing the cost of heatresistant products, while maintaining their operating characteristics and life, becomes very actuality. One of the promising options to solve it is to manufacture these parts made of high-alloyed heat-resistant aluminum cast iron CHYU22SH (CHYU22SH - standard cast iron). Castings made of cast iron CHYU22SH differ, first of all, by being heat resistance at high temperatures in air (up to 1100°C) and in media containing sulfur, sulfur dioxide, oxides of vanadium, and water vapor. In addition, they can functionally operate as a wear-resistant product having high strength at normal and elevated temperatures. The paper presents the thermal and mechanical properties of casting, as well as the results of microstructure analysis of aluminum cast irons. The results of analyses and tests show that cast iron CHYU22SH can be obtained by casting with long walls of a thickness of 4 mm without external and internal defects. By doing so the castings have a uniform structure, high and stable mechanical properties, as well as lower by ~17-24% weight than similar cast of gray iron. The results of experimental - industrial testing laboratory studies confirm the influence of solidification conditions on the parameters of the structure of cast iron CHYU22SH.
WEB-ORIENTED QUALITY ASSESSMENT SYSTEM FOR SURFACE WATERS OF RIVER BASIN
Authors: JAMALOV J. K. , NURSEITOV D. B. , GOTOVTSEV A. V.
Published: August 2021

This article presents the Software as a service system that allows creating scenario modeling of pollution transfer for diffuse sources of pollution using the example of the Ili river basin (Republic of Kazakhstan). The development of technologies that determine hydrological state of the lake and water in it are analyzed. The practicability of modeling the discharges and distribution of pollutants is substantiated. The FORTRAN Hydrological Simulation Program software, a computer model that allows us to model the concentration of nitrate compounds (NO3), total ammonium, and biochemical oxygen consumption with one day time resolution for the period from 1980 to 2016 was described. The model was calibrated using the field observations data from 6 hydrological posts, which made it possible to obtain satisfactory water discharge values. To work with the system, a graphical interface was developed which allows the user who is not familiar with the FORTRAN Hydrological Simulation Program software to make calculations. Implemented was an algorithm for automated starting of scenario calculations with post-processing and presentation of results. The web-based approach facilitates multi-user, one-time and fast access to the system from anywhere in the world. The efficiency of results of programming was investigated and the dynamics of changes after using the FORTRAN Hydrological Simulation Program software was established.
NUMERICAL MODELING AND SOFTWARE FOR DETERMINING THE STATIC AND LINKAGE PARAMETERS OF GROWING BODIES IN THE PROCESS OF NONSTATIONARY ADDITIVE HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
Authors: KUZNETSOVA E. L. , RABINSKIY L. N.
Published: August 2021

Currently, methods of three-dimensional printing of products from polymer, metal and ceramic materials are widely used. Layer-by-layer synthesis technologies make it possible to obtain high-quality products with sufficiently high mechanical characteristics close to those realized using traditional technological processes. A related problem is solved, including calculating the temperature in the product and the operation area surrounding it in a flat setting based on two different approaches. For a layer-by-layer extensible body, the unsteady heat conduction problem is stated. At each step, the height of the computational region increases due to the filling of a new layer of powder. One time step of the calculation is determined by the interval between two consecutive passes of the laser. The temperature distribution found at each step is used as the initial conditions for the calculations at the next step. The temperature field obtained as a result of solving the problem that is implemented in the product in question with a step of 1000 (after applying and melting 1000 layers) is further compared with the solution of the quasi-stationary problem for the finite dimensions product. Using the example of the simple geometry taken, it is shown that a quasi-stationary solution can provide a satisfactory estimate of the macroscopic thermal state of the growing product.