bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Redshift Evolution of Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources out to z ∼ 0.5: Comparison with X-Ray Binary Populations and Contribution to the Cosmic X-Ray Background
Authors: Scott Barrows R. , Comerford Julia M. , Stern Daniel , Heida Marianne
Published: June 2022

Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are thought to be powerful X-ray binaries (XRBs) and may contribute significantly to the redshift-dependent X-ray emission from star-forming galaxies. We have assembled a uniform sample of 259 ULXs over the redshift range z = 0.002–0.51 to constrain their physical nature and their contribution to the cosmic X-ray background. The sample is constructed by crossmatching galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey with the Chandra Source Catalog and selecting off-nuclear X-ray sources after applying astrometric corrections. The fraction of contaminants is ∼30% and shows no evolution with redshift. The host-galaxy star formation rates (SFRs) are systematically elevated relative to the parent sample when matched in host stellar mass. The specific SFRs suggest a slight preference for high-mass XRBs, and the X-ray luminosity scaling relations with host-galaxy stellar mass and SFR indicate that the highest-redshift sources represent relatively luminous XRB populations that dominate their host-galaxy X-ray emission. The fraction of galaxies hosting at least one ULX of a given luminosity increases with redshift over the full range of our sample, as expected if ULXs are preferentially found in galaxies with high SFRs and low metallicities. At z ∼ 0.5, the ULX X-ray flux is consistent with the X-ray emission from star-forming galaxies. Moreover, ULXs may account for up to ∼40% of the integrated flux from XRBs in the normal galaxy population out to z ∼ 0.5, suggesting they may contribute significantly to the overall ionizing radiation from galaxies.
Spectral Properties and Hybrid Jet Model Constraints of Fermi GRB 210610B
Authors: Chen Jia-Ming , Peng Zhao-Yang , Du Tan-Tan , Yin Yue
Published: June 2022

The jet composition of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is still an open question and the energy spectrum characteristics can provide us with evidence. GRB 210610B is a special burst with low-energy indices that are all greater than the synchrotron cutoff. We first use two empirical models, Band and CPL, and one physics model, a blackbody, to perform time-resolved spectral analysis on GRB 210610B and find that about 76.47% of the spectra need an addition thermal component to obtain a better fit. Moreover, these spectra could be well fitted by a multicolor blackbody (mBB) and the synchrotron model. We then adopt the hybrid jet model proposed by Gao & Zhang to perform a “top-down” approach to diagnose the photospheric properties (η and σ
0) of the central engine from observational data. We find both the dimensionless entropy η and the magnetization parameters (1 + σ
0) are greater than 1, indicating that the Poynting flux component may play an important role in addition to the hot fireball component. Our analysis also shows that most of the spectra have a magnetization parameter (1 + σ
15) ≃ 1 at ∼1015 cm, suggesting that nonthermal emission may originate from internal shocks. Furthermore, we find that α and E

p
show different time evolution behaviors: α exhibits a “hard-to-soft” behavior and moderately correlates with flux, while E

p
exhibits a “tracking” behavior. The magnetic field strength B and the mBB parameter kT
max also show a “tracking” behavior. Our results suggest that the empirical model CPL may be interpreted by an mBB.
Brand-to-generic Levetiracetam Switch in Patients with Epilepsy: Seizure Control and its Predictors in a Real-world Setting
Authors: Tiamkao Siriporn , Kanchanauthai Natthawaree , Sawanyawisuth Kittisak , Tiamkao Somsak
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is a common neurological disease. Treatment with original antiepileptic drugs may result in high cost. Levetiracetam (LEV) is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug. Several studies showed that generic LEV is safe, effective, and saves cost. There are limited data on predictors of seizure control in persons with epilepsy treated with LEV, particularly switch therapy to generic LEV.

METHODS: This study was a comparison study conducted at two tertiary care hospitals. One hospital used an original LEV, while another one switched to generic LEV. The outcomes of the study included seizure control after switching to generic LEV treatment, treatment cost, dosage of LEV, adverse events of LEV, switching therapy to original LEV, emergency room visit, and abnormal laboratory tests. These outcomes were compared between the generic and original LEV. Seizure control defined by free of seizure after switch therapy. Predictors of seizure control were analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS: During the study period, there were 96 eligible patients and treated with generic LEV in 61 patients (63.54%). Regarding treatment outcomes, the generic LEV group had significantly higher proportions of seizure control (91.80% vs. 45.71%) than the original LEV group. The original LEV group had significantly higher cost than the generic LEV group (65,250 vs. 9500 Baht; p < 0.001). The final model had two factors remaining: Generic LEV and frequency of seizure before switch therapy. Generic LEV was independently associated with seizure control with adjusted OR of 6.35 (95% CI of 1.73, 23.34).

CONCLUSION: Switch therapy to generic LEV is an alternative therapy with comparable efficacy, lower cost, and safe. Generic LEV and frequency of seizure attack before switch therapy to generic LEV may be related to seizure control.
The Diagnostic Value of the Osteoporosis Self-assessment Tool for Asians in Vietnamese Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Nguyen Van Tuan , Hoang Thi Minh , Dam Thị Phuong Lan , Huynh Quang Thuan
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a common disease that affects many women in the postmenopausal period. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a simple and noninvasive method used to diagnose osteoporosis. The Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool for Asians (OSTA) is an osteoporosis risk assessment toolkit, used for menopausal women in Asia. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic values of the OSTA index in determining the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
Material and Methods:  This cross-sectional study was conducted on 919 postmenopausal women to determine the value of OSTA in osteoporosis risk assessment. The bone density was measured using the DXA method in the lumbar spine and femoral neck.
Results: Based on the ROC curve, the sensitivity and specitivity of OSTA were 70.3% and 63.6% at the cut-off of ≤ -1.4 at the femoral neck or lumber spine or both (p = 0.005) . At a cut-off point of ≤-1 at one of two position or both, the OSTA index showed a specificity of 87.23%, sensitivity of 66.08%, positive predictive value of 46.90%, and negative predictive value of 93.78% in predicting the osteoporosis risk.
Conclusions: The OSTA index is a simple tool that is highly sensitive and specific in predicting the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
Pollen morphology of the genera Hidalgoa and Dahlia (Coreopsideae, Asteraceae): implications for taxonomy
Authors: Sánchez-Chávez Erandi , Vovides Andrew , Sosa Victoria
Published: June 2022

Hidalgoa and Dahlia are two closely related genera in Asteraceae, tribe Coreopsideae whose limits need to be clarified. Pollen morphology has been useful for delimitation at the genus level in this family. To better define these genera, the morphology of pollen grains was observed and measured using light and scanning electron microscopy. The pollen grains of 25 species of Dahlia and Hidalgoa were acetolyzed and analyzed. Pollen is tricorporate in most of the species studied, although in a few species in Dahlia, grains were found to be hexacolporate. The most outstanding differentiating characters among species of Dahlia and Hidalgoa are colpus length (greater in Hidalgoa) and shape of spines (conical in Hidalgoa). In addition, lalongate ora are larger in Hidalgoa than in Dahlia. A PCA analysis of thirteen pollen characters, identified species of Hidalgoa in a discrete group and Dahlia cuspidata as an outlier. These distinctive attributes in pollen morphology support the idea that pollen morphology is useful for delimitation at the generic level in the Dahlia clade. Further evidence from other sources, genetic or anatomical, might contribute to demarcating Dahlia and Hidalgoa, and provide insight into the family’s evolutionary history.
Les facteurs de vulnérabilité des entreprises sous LBO. Une analyse comparée de deux ETI
Authors: Foureault Fabien , Palard Jean-Etienne
Published: June 2022

Depuis le début des années 1980, le modèle LBO s’est imposé comme un nouveau mode de financement et de gouvernance des entreprises. Or, le fort levier d’endettement utilisé dans ce type de montage et le changement d’actionnariat tendent à modifier durablement le niveau de vulnérabilité des entreprises sous LBO. Cette recherche s’appuie sur une étude de cas croisée entre deux entreprises de taille intermédiaire évoluant dans le secteur de l’optronique. Nous proposons un cadre d’analyse propre aux LBO, qui définit la vulnérabilité selon trois dimensions : financière, opérationnelle et relationnelle. L’étude approfondie de ces deux cas montre que le degré de vulnérabilité varie suivant deux paramètres principaux : les conditions financières initiales du montage et l’ampleur de l’aléa économique, qui peut produire des effets positifs ou négatifs.
Tenir la promesse du Dictionnaire universel : l’esprit encyclopédique d’Henri Basnage de Beauval
Authors: Galleron Ioana , Williams Geoffrey Clive
Published: June 2022

Cet article rend compte de l’approche encyclopédique de Basnage de Beauval, réviseur en 1701 du Dictionnaire universel de Furetière, paru en 1690. La confrontation des deux dictionnaires est possible grâce à la numérisation du Dictionnaire universel 1701 dans le cadre du projet ANR BasNum . En étudiant la terminologie couverte par Furetière, puis par Basnage, on verra comment Basnage réoriente le dictionnaire dans un sens résolument moderne. Sera également discutée l’autre innovation de Basnage, à savoir le recours à des spécialistes de certains domaines scientifiques ou techniques – un point sur lequel il s’avère précurseur d’entreprises plus vastes, comme L’Encyclopédie de Diderot et d’Alembert. On s’intéressera, plus largement, à sa vision de ce que devrait être un ouvrage alphabétique offrant une perspective globale de la langue et du savoir.
L’esprit pré-encyclopédique de la lexicographie française du XVII e au XVIII e siècle : discours enrichis et structuration du propos
Authors: Turcan Isabelle
Published: June 2022

L’esprit encyclopédique qui s’épanouit avec l’ Encyclopédie de Diderot et d’Alembert s’est construit au cours du dernier tiers du xvii e  siècle dans un contexte de concurrence et de surenchère lexicographiques et de prise de conscience de la nécessité du travail en équipe. La curiosité pré-encyclopédique s’est exprimée par l’enrichissement des nomenclatures, des citations et références bibliographiques, le développement des marques de domaine, des renvois et des Tables , témoins textuels de son élaboration.
Qui a le droit de parler d’économie ? La parole économique légitime au prisme de l’édition économique contemporaine
Authors: Chahsiche Jean-Michel
Published: June 2022

On propose dans cet article d’étudier la construction d’une offre plurielle et concurrentielle de discours sur l’économie au travers du marché contemporain du livre d’économie. Par une analyse de correspondances multiples réalisée sur 147 auteurs récents de livres d’économie, on objective dans un premier temps les ressources et les titres au nom desquels les locuteurs s’expriment, puis on met en évidence les effets propres des éditeurs, eux aussi dotés de ressources inégales, sur les discours économiques. L’étude fait ainsi apparaître l’importance du capital académique comme principe de légitimation des discours économiques, mais aussi la façon dont le fonctionnement du champ éditorial pèse sur l’offre de livres économiques en favorisant la publication d’experts multipositionnés.
The stability with the general decay rate of the solution for stochastic functional Navier-Stokes equations
Authors: Liang Tongtong
Published: June 2022

This paper is concerned with the general stability of the solution to a stochastic functional 2D Navier-Stokes equation driven by a multiplicative white noise when the viscosity coefficient is time varying. First we give some sufficient conditions ensuring the existence and uniqueness of global solutions. Then the general stability of the solution in the sense of p-th (\begin{document}$ p\geq2 $\end{document}) moment is established. From this fact we further prove that the null solution is almost surely stable with the general decay rate. The convergence in probability of the solution is also analyzed.
Thermal energy storage using phase-change material in evacuated-tubes solar collector
Authors: Al-Abdali Akthem Mohi , Ammari Handri
Published: June 2022

The use of phase change materials in solar thermal collectors improves their thermal performance significantly. In this paper, a comparative study is conducted systematically between two solar receivers. The first receiver contains paraffin wax, while the other does not. The goal was to find out to which degree paraffin wax can enhance the energy storage and thermal efficiency of evacuated tubes solar collectors. Measurements of water temperature and solar radiation were recorded on a few days during August of 2021. The experimental analysis depended on two stages. The first stage had a flow rate of 7 L/hr, and the second stage had no flow rate. A flow rate of 7 L/hr gave an efficiency of 47.7% of the first receiver with phase-change material, while the second conventional receiver had an efficiency rate of 40.6%. The thermal efficiency of the first receiver during the day at which no flow rate was applied was 41.6%, while the second one had an efficiency rate of 35.2%. The study's significant results indicated that using paraffin wax in solar evacuated tube water-in-glass thermal collectors can enhance their thermal energy storage by about 8.6% and efficiency by about 7%. Moreover, the results revealed that the solar thermal collector containing paraffin wax had an annual cost of 211 USD/year. At the same time, the receiver's yearly fuel cost was 45 USD. Compared to an electrical geyser, the annual cost reached 327 USD, with an annual fuel cost equaled 269 USD. The first receiver's payback period was 5.35 years.
Gene subset selection using fuzzy statistical dependence technique and binary bat algorithm
Authors: Mahmoud Mohammed Sabah , Hasan Fatima Mahmood , Qasim Omar Saber
Published: June 2022

The presence of big data may adversely affect obtaining classification accuracy in many life applications, such as genes dataset, which can contain many unnecessary data in the classification process. In this study, a two-stage mathematical model is proposed through which the features are selected. The first stage relies on the Fuzzy Statistical Dependence (FSD) technique, which is one of the filter techniques, and in the second stage, the Binary Bat Algorithm (BBA) is used, which depends on an appropriate fitness function to select important parameters. The experimental results proved that the proposed algorithm, which we refer to as FSD-BBA, excels over other methods in terms of classification accuracy and the number of influencing genes selected.
Comparison of cell state models derived from single-cell RNA sequencing data: graph versus multi-dimensional space
Authors: Cho Heyrim , Kuo Ya-Huei , Rockne Russell C.
Published: June 2022

Single-cell sequencing technologies have revolutionized molecular and cellular biology and stimulated the development of computational tools to analyze the data generated from these technology platforms. However, despite the recent explosion of computational analysis tools, relatively few mathematical models have been developed to utilize these data. Here we compare and contrast two cell state geometries for building mathematical models of cell state-transitions with single-cell RNA-sequencing data with hematopoeisis as a model system; (i) by using partial differential equations on a graph representing intermediate cell states between known cell types, and (ii) by using the equations on a multi-dimensional continuous cell state-space. As an application of our approach, we demonstrate how the calibrated models may be used to mathematically perturb normal hematopoeisis to simulate, predict, and study the emergence of novel cell states during the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia. We particularly focus on comparing the strength and weakness of the graph model and multi-dimensional model.
Does land transfer have an impact on land use efficiency? A case study on rural China
Authors: Ma Jiehua , Chen Shuanglian
Published: June 2022

Land use efficiency is one of the core elements for the high-quality development of food production and agricultural industry, and land transfer can optimize the allocation of land resources, adjust the structure of the agricultural industry, and drive the improvement of agricultural labor productivity, thereby promoting land use efficiency and realizing agricultural modernization. Taking 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in Chinese mainland from 2005 to 2019 as the research objects, this paper adopts panel OLS and panel Tobit estimation to study the overall impact of land transfer on land use efficiency. In addition, this paper explores the heterogeneous impact of land transfer on land use efficiency through cluster analysis and panel regression. Finally, this paper further analyzes the influence mechanism of land transfer on land use efficiency through industrial structure and labor productivity. The following conclusions are drawn. Firstly, land transfer significantly promotes the improvement of provincial rural land use efficiency. Secondly, the land use efficiency of various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in Chinese mainland has the characteristics of periodic changes. From the perspective of time and space, there are large differences in the land use efficiency of various provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities, and there are regional heterogeneity effects of land transfer on provincial rural land use efficiency. Thirdly, the industrial structure can enhance the promotion effect of land transfer on land use efficiency, and land transfer can promote the improvement of land use efficiency by improving agricultural labor productivity.
Critical Dialogue at the Intersections of Race, Education, and COVID-19
Authors: Slotoroff Cristofer G. , Gibson Ashley
Published: June 2022

In this chapter, two public school teachers and recent doctoral graduates recount and reflect upon the ways in which their critical dialogues inform their rendering of the stressors weighing on educators since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020. The teachers—one, a Black woman in Texas, the other a White man in New Jersey—explore how their shared, liberatory, educational goals are compromised by institutional pressures, economic uncertainties, uneven enforcement of localized curricular policies, and ongoing resistance to healthcare initiatives instituted to combat the spread of COVID-19. To accomplish this, the authors highlight how race, identity, and pedagogy are disparately addressed in their respective workplaces. The authors conclude by suggesting that increased space for continued critical dialogue may help other educators to make sense of what are often tumultuous, hasty changes made since COVID-19 first affected American schools.
Social Self-Care
Authors: Ray Nalanda , Majumdar Anindita
Published: June 2022

In a world dominated by augmented reality (AR) and hyper-digitization, the education system is on the verge of revolution. However, this rapid change has come at the expense of the pillars of knowledge-providers (i.e., educators). Based on past literature reviews, this chapter identifies the predominant sources of stress and declined well-being of teachers. These include the wave of AR, the COVID-19-triggered online transformation of classroom teaching, and the increasing diversity within classrooms. Their impact has been studied under two classifications—declined personal (reduced self-efficacy and accelerated stress) and social well-being (isolation and alienation). This chapter proposes the ‘Me Within We' model of social self-care to enable teachers to experience a high level of well-being by fostering belongingness through empathic relationships and the establishment of group identity. Future researchers are urged to empirically investigate the holistic efficacy of various dimensions of educator self-care—including social, physical, emotional, and spiritual.
Educare Is Loving Care
Authors: Clarke Karis LeToi , Moffett Noran L. , Moffett Nurah-Talibah N.
Published: June 2022

Educators have the best job in the world. They have the responsibility of helping others find their purpose in life. Every profession there is depends on them. Why is it that people with the greatest responsibility tend to not make time to care for themselves? We have often heard you cannot pour from an empty cup. In order for you to be effective and make a difference in the lives of others, you must be certain you are up for the task. The responsibility of helping others achieve their goals sometimes means putting yours on the back burner. This can lead to burnout. Educators must be better to themselves so they can be good to their students.
Sub-Saharan Africa and the Politics of Same-Sex Relationships
Authors: Arimoro Augustine Edobor , Musa Habiba
Published: June 2022

The argument in support of the rights of sexual minorities in sub-Saharan Africa should be secondary to the argument for the decriminalization of consensual same-sex intimacy. So long as sexual minorities are classed as criminals and deviants, it might be difficult to champion sexual minority rights as a human right. This chapter adopts an approach that queries the criminalization of same-sex sexual conduct among consenting adults in private. The chapter discusses crime from the perspective of the criminal law theories of harm, morality, and paternalism. It is argued in the chapter that because states determine what rights are guaranteed within their jurisdiction, if states can rethink what conduct of behavior should be criminalized, then states might guarantee sexual minority rights as human rights. The chapter recommends repealing laws criminalizing consensual same-sex sexual conduct among adults in the states in sub-Saharan Africa.
Recognition of the Rights of the Sexual Minorities in Nigeria
Authors: Ashiru Abiodun Muideen
Published: June 2022

In 2011, the United Nations Human Rights Council passed its first resolution recognizing LGBT rights, following which the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights issued a report documenting violations of the rights of LGBT people, including hate crimes, criminalization of homosexual activity, and discrimination. There are reports of human rights violations based on real or perceived sexual orientation and gender identity in Nigeria. In 2018, the Initiative for Equal Rights and other organizations' reports show 213 human rights violations based on real or perceived sexual orientation and gender identity in Nigeria. Using a doctrinal method of analyses, the chapter examines critically the human rights provisions of the Nigerian law to determine whether or not sexual minority rights are recognised. The chapter concludes on the note that the Nigerian government has overstepped in regulating what transpires in the private affairs of two consenting adults of the same sex. It is the recommendation of the chapter that same sex sexual conduct should be decriminalised.
Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ahmed Ameer Asra , Patrick Harold Andrew
Published: June 2022

Though the company InnAccel Technologies Pvt. Ltd. started as an incubator in 2012, it combined its operations with Coeo Labs and Sattva Medtech, the former incubates, in 2019, thereby creating a single entity with a portfolio of innovative and life-saving products in the field of medical technology. It developed three innovative products, namely VapCare, Fetal Lite, and SAANS. With growing COVID-19 cases worldwide, there was a dire need for respiratory support, which could be in the form of invasive and non-invasive ventilation systems. Hence, InnAccel launched Saans Pro, which is a non-invasive ventilation system, an infrastructure independent technology for COVID-19 patients in ICU. It could be used to treat patients who are not stressed and have no other organ failure. The case presents the three main challenges faced by firms: commercialization, consumer acceptance of its products (Indian) in domestic and international markets, and dilemma of whether to venture into the international markets.
Response of the Ayurvedic Healthcare Sector to COVID-19
Authors: Shagun  , Gupta Manisha , Kovid Raj K. , Rani Madhu
Published: June 2022

The WHO, in collaboration with national and international health authorities, set the standard for preparing global healthcare systems facing the pandemic which claimed more lives than any other single disease during the corona pandemic. The preparedness and management of the pandemic, being the subject of national priority, witnessed concrete measures taken by the Indian Government to fight the pandemic with executive support of the Ministry of Health and other nationwide Health Services. Ayurveda, an Indian indigenous wholistic healthcare approach, was widely adopted at large. Ayurvedic medicine producing companies saw exponential growth in their revenue during the period of pandemic. This chapter aims at exploring responses of certain constituents of the Ayurvedic treatment system in India—the leading Ayurvedic companies and AYUSH department—to the coronavirus pandemic. The Ayurvedic companies and the AYUSH department responded to the pandemic in a varied way including product diversification, digital marketing, and promotion of yogic exercises and herbal remedies.
Introduction to Meteorology and Weather Forecasting
Authors: Pattani Ketaki Anandkumar , Gautam Sunil
Published: June 2022

Meteorology refers to the scientific study and analysis of weather conditions and atmospheric phenomenon on the earth, processes that cause these weather conditions, and their future predictions. Not just limiting to prediction, meteorologists note the physical conditions of the atmosphere above them, and they study the raw data from maps, satellite, and radar. Forecasts are highly needed for applications that are tailored to specific industries. Gas and electric utilities, for example, may need to have forecasts of temperature within one or two degrees a day ahead of time, or government may need to have data of rainfall for the areas having lower ground level to predict water overflow. The chapter provides a detailed introduction to weather forecasting, its requirements and types of forecasts, and its applications. Importance of data, weather prediction models and methods, machine learning approaches, and baseline measures in the weather prediction are also discussed. Thereby, it opens up an area of research and future developments in this direction.
Enhancement of Meteorological Observational Systems Using the Internet of Things
Authors: Goswami Ramesh Chandra , Joshi Hiren , Gautam Sunil
Published: June 2022

Weather forecasting has an important role in meteorology, and it has long been one of the world's most systematically difficult problems. Severe weather events pose a threat to a complex method of weather forecasting with only a partial explanation. Weather forecasting accuracy has a significant impact on various sectors of the economy, necessitating the development of a system that allows for greater accuracy in real-time monitoring and future weather prediction. Farmers are exposed to weather threats since the agricultural process, such as soil preparation, sowing, irrigation, harvesting, and storage of crops, is directly dependent on weather conditions. The internet of things is currently growing at an exponential rate. The internet of things (IoT) is becoming increasingly important in a variety of fields. In this chapter, the authors look at how the IoT can help with weather forecasting.
Tools and Techniques to Implement AIoT in Meteorological Applications
Authors: Kudari Jayashree M. , Nachappa M. N. , Gowda Bhavana , Adlin Jebakumari S.  , Girish Smita , Sushma B. S.
Published: June 2022

Weather forecasting is an important role in meteorology and has long been one of the world's most systematically difficult problems. This plan deals with the structure of a weather display system that may be built by electronics hobbyists utilizing low-cost components. Severe weather occurrences present a challenging forecasting problem with just a partial explanation. Developing communication methods makes it possible. Technology-enabled applications provide severe weather alerts and advisories. The airline industry is highly sensitive to the weather. Accurate weather forecasting is crucial. The IoT enables agriculture, notably arable farming, to become data-driven, resulting in more timely and cost-effective farm production and management while lowering environmental impact. Applying AIoT and deep learning to smart agriculture combines the best of both worlds.
Deep Learning Solutions for Analysis of Synthetic Aperture Radar Imageries
Authors: Memon Nimrabanu , Patel Samir B. , Patel Dhruvesh P.
Published: June 2022

The potential of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) to detect surface and subsurface characteristics of land, sea, and ice using polarimetric information has long piqued the interest of scientists and researchers. Traditional strategies include employing polarimetric information to simplify and classify SAR images for various earth observation applications. Deep learning (DL) uses advanced machine learning algorithms to increase information extraction from SAR datasets about the land surface, as well as segment and classify the dataset for applications. The chapter highlights several problems, as well as what and how DL can be utilized to solve them. Currently, improvements in SAR data analysis have focused on the use of DL in a range of current research areas, such as data fusion, transfer learning, picture classification, automatic target recognition, data augmentation, speckle reduction, change detection, and feature extraction. The study presents a small case study on CNN for land use land cover classification using SAR data.
Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Drought Management
Authors: Singh Ved Prakash , Khedikar Shirish , Mathew Jimson , Garg Tanvi
Published: June 2022

Unlike other natural hazards, drought is a slow-onset, creeping natural hazard. Its effects often accumulate slowly over a considerable period and may linger for years after the termination of the drought events. Absence of precise and universally accepted definition of drought adds to the confusion while declaring drought and its degree of severity. Adverse impacts of drought are non-structural and typically spread over a larger geographical region than are damages resulting from other natural hazards. It is critical that the stakeholders in the concerned geographic region understand their exposure to the drought hazard. Drought risks are the joint effects of both the region's exposure to the drought event and the vulnerability of its society to a drought at that point. However, there are various conventional ways to mitigate these adverse impacts, but modern technological advancement have shown a path to harness artificial intelligence methods towards facing drought challenges more efficiently with accurate prediction of its location-specific occurrence and duration estimation.
Effective Means, Methods, And Performance Evaluation for Conducting Practical Sessions for Improved Learning Outcomes
Authors: Mundhe Sandeep Bhagwanrao , Taralkar Suyogkumar Vijay
Published: June 2022

The effective way of conducting practical sessions in a stipulated time period and engaging students in knowledge impartment is an art for every teacher. Undergoing through chemical engineering curriculum, the graduate should acquire skills like ability of manipulation of materials, energy and information thereby creating benefits for humankind. To fulfill the needs of skill development for engineering graduates and implementation of innovations in technology are mainly based on effective conduction of engineering curriculum. It is very important to understand the engineering principles through practical sessions. This paper emphasizes on role of practical sessions, planning, effective modes and methods for engaging practical sessions, its time schedules, performance evaluation and regular assessment. The procedure given here will ensure fulfillment of course outcomes set for practical sessions. It also includes detail case study carried out on heat transfer, one of the common subject in engineering curriculum. Course outcomes of practical course are defined and evaluated based on feedback received. The objectives of this paper are to bring betterment in skill based education and guide new teachers in engineering education.
Knowledge Flows Through Unbounded Innovation
Authors: Yilmaz Ayse Asli , Tuzlukaya Şule Erdem
Published: June 2022

Beyond the boundaries of the organizations, they act fearlessly to adopt open innovation tactics and models in order to gain access to the necessary resources. In open innovation, “open” refers the sharing of organizational tacit knowledge. Knowledge management is essential in organizations because it promotes the development of a successful organizational business model and makes a difference in completing various organizational tasks and forms that may lead to the discovery of new knowledge. This journey starts from the flow of information and takes organizations toward innovation that has no boundaries. For this reason, the research question involves the kind of relationship that exists between knowledge flow and open innovation. This chapter aims to illustrate the importance of knowledge flow through unbounded innovation, particularly the correspondence between aspects of knowledge management and open innovation.
Enhanced Knowledge Sharing Adoption Model in the Halal Food Industry
Authors: Melatu Samsi Siti Zakiah
Published: June 2022

Knowledge sharing (KS) is one method for businesses to build knowledge within their walls and create a learning environment. It enables the achievement of common goals, which improves organisational performance and competitiveness. The willingness to contribute and participate in knowledge-sharing activities are the most important issues that must be addressed and for which a management solution is required. This chapter will investigate the factors that influence Halal food organisation staff to participate in and contribute to the organization's knowledge sharing activities. A phenomenology approach was used to investigate employees' attitudes or levels of adoption toward knowledge sharing in a case study of one Halal food organisation in Malaysia. The enhanced adoption model for Halal organisations is established using the TOE framework as the theoretical lens and the concept of knowledge sharing from an Islamic perspective.
People-Based Interaction in Modern Marketing
Authors: Vieira Armando Luis
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is interfering with one of our most important needs as human beings: people-based interactions. While a post-pandemic future is still uncertain, people feel the need to get back as soon as possible to that 'human touch', which has always been a fundamental characteristic of marketing. Based on a sample of representatives of hotels and their privileged interlocutors in corporate clients, this chapter focuses on the quality of business-to-business relationships, in which each organisation is represented by an individual, and proposes a relationship quality model from a people-based, inter-organisational perspective, while providing relevant insights in the context of the integration between traditional and digital approaches in modern marketing.
Neuromarketing
Authors: Goswami Arijit , Deshmukh G. K.
Published: June 2022

The concept of neuromarketing is emerging in recent years. It signifies the use of research on the brain in the managerial context. Gradually this concept gained popularity in academics as well as the practical world. Neuromarketing is an evolving interdisciplinary discipline that blends psychology, neuroscience, and economics. Neuromarketing is an essential change as it gives insight into the way the subliminal mind facilitates the buyers to make decisions. The chapter focuses on studying the influence of neuromarketing tools to understand the purchasing behavior of consumers. The enhanced application of neuromarketing methods for gauging preferences of customers and making purchasing decisions will be an added benefit for both consumers and marketers.
An Experimental Investigation of Customer Engagement in Indian Retail Banking
Authors: Bansal Ajit , Kumar Sanjeev , Johri Amar , Kalra Sushil , Agarwal Sumit , Sharma Ajay Kumar
Published: June 2022

Customer engagement (CE) with brands has come to hold a major place in brand management research and practice in recent years, since it has been shown to result in increased firm sales, competitive advantage, and stock returns. Scholars have investigated CE's conceptualization, operationalization, and nomological networks in light of various theoretical viewpoints. Despite significant progress, the intellectual framework of the whole literature of CE scholarship remains shaky, as this chapter explores. Customer interaction may have originated in other fields, but then in today's crowded and fiercely competitive industry, it is especially important in marketing. Confidence, dedication, loyalty, and advocacy have all been identified as components of customer involvement. Co-creation was the second aspect that developed. The length of time spent working with the bank was a key element in determining the level of involvement and co-creation.
The Effects of Workplace Incivility on Employee Voice Behavior in EdTech Companies
Authors: Kumar Madhan , Policepatil Siddanagouda , Balakrishnan Latha Lavanya
Published: June 2022

Drawing on stressor-strain outcome (SSO) and conservation of resource (COR) theoretical framework, this study examines employee irritation as a mediator and psychological detachment as the moderator in the relationship between workplace incivility on employee voice behavior. A cross-section design was used, with multi-source data through convenience sampling from 492 EdTech employees and their supervisors. The effect of moderator and mediator is examined by employing the SPSS process macro. Results revealed that the proposed hypothesis was supported. The findings of this study also open up new lines of research in the EdTech industry and provide implications for HRD professionals, practitioners, and scholars.
The Balanced Scorecard and Competitiveness in the Hospitality Industry
Authors: Quesado Patrícia Rodrigues
Published: June 2022

The objective of the chapter is to provide an insight into the potential of the BSC, as a performance evaluation and strategic management tool, to improve the hospitality industry's competitiveness. To fulfil this objective, a qualitative methodology will be followed, based on a systematic review of the literature published on the subject in question. The main contribution of the chapter is to gather information that will enable hospitality industry managers to focus on their essential issues, evaluating their performance in a more realistic way, and enabling strategic management. In addition, it will be possible to draw a general profile of the scientific production on the BSC in the hospitality industry, providing historical and statistical data to strengthen future studies in this area of knowledge.
Novel Ensemble Model With Genetic Algorithm and Principal Components Analysis for Classification of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Sahu Sanat Kumar
Published: June 2022

This study aims to appraise the key features and components of chronic kidney disease (CKD) problems in the case of the classification task. There are different types of the classifier which presented a result with low accuracy. A new combined classifier may be needed to achieve better results. Classification techniques used include k-nearest neighbors (k-NN), naive bayes (NB), and their proposed ensemble model. A feature selection technique (FST) based on genetic algorithms (GA) is presented and compared to famous dimensionality reduction techniques (DRT), namely principal component analysis (PCA). The proposed ensemble model classifiers have higher accuracy rates on the CKD dataset than the other classification models before and after applying the FST and DRT. The results demonstrated that employing FST using GA and DRT as PCA has enhanced classification accuracy. This model can be used for the identification of CKD in the early stage.
The Deep Ocean Observing Strategy: Addressing Global Challenges in the Deep Sea Through Collaboration
Authors: Smith Leslie M. , Cimoli Laura , LaScala-Gruenewald Diana , Pachiadaki Maria , Phillips Brennan , Pillar Helen , Stopa Justin E. , Baumann-Pickering Simone , Beaulieu Stace E. , Bell Katherine L.C. , Harden-Davies Harriet , Gjerde Kristina M. , Heimbach Patrick , Howe Bruce , Janssen Felix , Levin Lisa A. , Ruhl Henry A. , Soule Adam , Stocks Karen , Vardaro Michael F. , Wright Dawn J.
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Deep Ocean Observing Strategy (DOOS) is an international, community-driven initiative that facilitates collaboration across disciplines and fields, elevates a diverse cohort of early career researchers into future leaders, and connects scientific advancements to societal needs. DOOS represents a global network of deep-ocean observing, mapping, and modeling experts, focusing community efforts in the support of strong science, policy, and planning for sustainable oceans. Its initiatives work to propose deep-sea Essential Ocean Variables; assess technology development; develop shared best practices, standards, and cross-calibration procedures; and transfer knowledge to policy makers and deep-ocean stakeholders. Several of these efforts align with the vision of the UN Ocean Decade to generate the science we need to create thedeepocean we want. DOOS works toward (1) ahealthy and resilient deepocean by informing science-based conservation actions, including optimizing data delivery, creating habitat and ecological maps of critical areas, and developing regional demonstration projects; (2) apredicted deepocean by strengthening collaborations within the modeling community, determining needs for interdisciplinary modeling and observing system assessment in the deep ocean; (3) anaccessible deepocean by enhancing open access to innovative low-cost sensors and open-source plans, making deep-ocean data Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable, and focusing on capacity development in developing countries; and finally (4) aninspiring and engaging deepocean by translating science to stakeholders/end users and informing policy and management decisions, including in international waters.
The Estuarine Ecological Knowledge Network Makes Progress: International Project Sites and Potential Ways Forward
Authors: McCall Grant S. , Akpan Anthony , Banaduc Doru , Figueroa Diego , Fontoura Nelson , Hitchcock Robert , Horn Sherman , Kar Devashish , Tran Thong
Published: June 2022

Abstract The Estuarine Ecological Knowledge Network (EEKN) brings together scientists and coastal fishing communities in seeking new ways forward for Earth's major river deltas and estuaries, including the Mississippi (United States), Rio Grande (United States), Danube (Romania/Ukraine),
Ganges (India/Bangladesh), Niger (Nigeria), and Mekong (Vietnam) river deltas, and the Patos Lagoon (Brazil). Such environments are universally understood as crucial for the biological productivity of oceans and they are home to hundreds of millions of human inhabitants, many of whom directly
depend on that marine richness in terms of the operation of their socioeconomic systems. As human-induced climate change and its consequences for Earth's oceans and coastlines increases, estuarine ecosystems are particularly threatened by problems such as sea-level rise, coastal erosion, saltwater
intrusion, and increased impacts from tropical storms. These problems are often amplified by human dynamics of environmental degradation, including overfishing, pollution, and large-scale landscape modification projects. The EEKN is designed to enhance communication and cooperation between
fishing communities, scientists, and policy makers in learning about the complexity of both ecological and socioeconomic systems in estuaries and deltas, and in developing more effective policy for managing fisheries, protecting and restoring coastlines, and increasing the resilience of coastal
communities.
A Global Ocean Map is Not an Ambition, But a Necessity to Support the Ocean Decade
Authors: Coley Kira
Published: June 2022

Abstract The Nippon Foundation-General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) Seabed 2030 Project is a collaboration between The Nippon Foundation, Japan's largest private philanthropic organization, and the GEBCO, which has more than a century of experience in ocean-floor
mapping and is jointly administered by the International Hydrographic Organization and UNESCO's Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission. Its mission is to create a comprehensive, publicly available map of the entire ocean floor by 2030, which will empower the world to make informed policy
decisions, use the ocean sustainably, and undertake scientific research based on detailed bathymetric information. Knowing the shape of the seabed is critical to understanding ocean circulation patterns and their associated impact on climate and weather, wave action, tsunami wave propagation,
improving species distribution models, supporting the management of fisheries and marine-protected areas, and identifying underwater geohazards. This knowledge is essential to achieving the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development societal outcomes. With only 8 years left to
map the remaining 80% of the ocean, it can be achieved but will require the support and mobilization of the global community.
Arithmetically equivalent fields in a Galois extension with Frobenius Galois group of 2-power degree
Authors: Kida Masanari
Published: June 2022

Let
$F_{2^n}$
be the Frobenius group of degree
$2^n$
and of order
$2^n ( 2^n-1)$
with
$n \ge 4$
. We show that if
$K/\mathbb {Q} $
is a Galois extension whose Galois group is isomorphic to
$F_{2^n}$
, then there are
$\dfrac {2^{n-1} +(-1)^n }{3}$
intermediate fields of
$K/\mathbb {Q} $
of degree
$4 (2^n-1)$
such that they are not conjugate over
$\mathbb {Q}$
but arithmetically equivalent over
$\mathbb {Q}$
. We also give an explicit method to construct these arithmetically equivalent fields.