bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contractors and Linear Matrix Inequalities
Authors: Nicola Jeremy , Jaulin Luc
Published: June 2015

Linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) comprise a large class of convex constraints. Boxes, ellipsoids, and linear constraints can be represented by LMIs. The intersection of LMIs are also classified as LMIs. Interior-point methods are able to minimize or maximize any linear criterion of LMIs with complexity, which is polynomial regarding to the number of variables. As a consequence, as shown in this paper, it is possible to build optimal contractors for sets represented by LMIs. When solving a set of nonlinear constraints, one may extract from all constraints that are LMIs in order to build a single optimal LMI contractor. A combination of all contractors obtained for other non-LMI constraints can thus be performed up to the fixed point. The resulting propogation is shown to be more efficient than other conventional contractor-based approaches.
Creating Value in a Sport Coach Community of Practice: A Collaborative Inquiry
Authors: Bertram Rachael , Culver Diane M. , Gilbert Wade
Published: June 2015

Coach education researchers have suggested that coaches require ongoing support for their continued learning and development after initial certification. Communities of practice have been used in a variety of settings, and have been identified as an effective means for supporting coach learning and development. However, researchers have yet to fully explore the value that can be created through participating in them within sport settings. The purpose of this study was to collaboratively design, implement, and assess the value created within a coach community of practice, using Wenger, Trayner, and De Laat’s (2011) Value Creation Framework. Participants included five youth sport coaches from a soccer organization. Data collection included observations and reflections from the first author throughout the study, two individual interviews with each coach, and interactions via an online discussion platform. The findings revealed that the coaches created value within each of the five cycles of value creation in Wenger and colleagues’ framework, and that they created value that was personally relevant to their immediate coaching needs. The coaches’ learning led to an increase in perceived coaching abilities.
A 22-year-old male patient with ascites
Authors: Saraiva Nadine , Filipe Carlos , Simão Adélia , Carvalho Armando
Published: June 2015

A 22-year-old male patient presented with a 3-day history of abdominal pain, diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting. He reported abdominal distention of a couple of weeks’ duration. He had been hospitalised 7 months earlier, owing to the same symptoms, however, the cause was never clarified. Initial examination showed abdominal distention and blood tests indicated eosinophilia. An abdominal CT scan showed mild ascites and a diffuse thickening of the small intestinal loops, and a cystic formation 3 cm in diameter on the liver. The differential diagnosis included parasite infection and eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Liver MRI revealed a simple biliary cyst. Microbiological tests, stool and blood cultures as well as stool examination for parasites were negative. The diagnostic paracentesis revealed eosinophilic ascites. An endoscopy was performed and histopathology revealed presence of moderate to marked lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate containing eosinophils, compatible with eosinophilic gastroenteritis. The patient responded well to the initiation of corticosteroids.
Isolated acute sphenoid sinusitis presenting with hemicranial headache and ipsilateral abducens nerve palsy
Authors: Gupta Rahul , Shukla Rakesh , Mishra Anupam , Parihar Anit
Published: June 2015

Isolated sphenoid sinusitis is a rare disorder and may present with complications due to its anatomical location and proximity to the intracranial and orbital contents. It is frequently misdiagnosed, because the sphenoid sinus is not visualised adequately with routine sinus radiographs and is not accessible to direct clinical examination. We report a case who presented with hemicranial headache and ipsilateral abducens nerve palsy as the presenting feature of sphenoid sinusitis. The symptoms disappeared within a week of conservative treatment. Sphenoid sinusitis should be kept in the differential diagnosis of isolated sixth cranial nerve palsy, especially in the presence of headache, and all patients should be investigated with CT/MRI brain. Prompt diagnosis and management before intracranial extension can prevent devastating complications.
The disturbance regime of Norway spruce forests in Bulgaria
Authors: Panayotov Momchil , Bebi Peter , Tsvetanov Nickolay , Alexandrov Neno , Laranjeiro Lucinda , Kulakowski Dominik
Published: June 2015

Natural disturbances are among the most important factors that shape forest dynamics and forest landscapes. However, the natural disturbance regime of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forests in Europe is not well understood. We studied the disturbance regimes in three forest reserves in Bulgaria (Parangalitsa, Bistrishko branishte, and Beglika), which are representative of the range of conditions typical for P. abies ecosystems in central and southern Europe. Our data indicated that large-scale disturbances were most numerous in forests that were between 120 and 160 years old, those with unimodal diameter at breast height (DBH) distributions, and especially those located in vulnerable topographic settings. Wind disturbances ranged up to 60 ha, followed in one case by a 200 ha Ips typographus (Linnaeus, 1758) outbreak. Older forests and those with more complex structures (i.e., reverse-J DBH) were characterized by numerous small gaps but were also affected by a few larger disturbances. In some old-growth forests at highly productive sites, gaps could be so numerous that the long-term existence of old trees may become an exception. Over the past centuries, the natural range of variability of these Norway spruce forests in Bulgaria appears to have been shaped mostly by wind and bark beetle disturbances of various sizes.
Interfascicular Neurolysis for Incomplete Spontaneous Posterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy with a Surgical Delay of 17 Years: Is It Still Effective?
Authors: Ochi Kensuke , Horiuchi Yukio , Arino Hiroshi , Toyama Yoshiaki
Published: June 2015

A 55-year-old woman with incomplete spontaneous posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) palsy underwent interfascicular neurolysis and tendon transfer, 17 years after its onset. After one year, her nerve function partially recovered electrophysiologically. This case suggests that incomplete spontaneous PIN palsy may recover by interfascicular neurolysis, even with a long preoperative delay.
Alexander duality for monomial ideals associated with isotone maps between posets
Authors: Herzog Jürgen , Qureshi Ayesha Asloob , Shikama Akihiro
Published: June 2015

For a pair [Formula: see text] of finite posets the generators of the ideal [Formula: see text] correspond bijectively to the isotone maps from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]. In this note we determine all pairs [Formula: see text] for which the Alexander dual of [Formula: see text] coincides with [Formula: see text], up to a switch of the indices.
A classification of exceptional components in group algebras over abelian number fields
Authors: Bächle Andreas , Caicedo Mauricio , Van Gelder Inneke
Published: June 2015

When considering the unit group of [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text] the ring of integers of an abelian number field [Formula: see text] and a finite group [Formula: see text]) certain components in the Wedderburn decomposition of [Formula: see text] cause problems for known generic constructions of units; these components are called exceptional. Exceptional components are divided into two types: type 1 is division rings, type 2 is [Formula: see text]-matrix rings. For exceptional components of type 1 we provide infinite classes of division rings by describing the seven cases of minimal groups (with respect to quotients) having those division rings in their Wedderburn decomposition over [Formula: see text]. We also classify the exceptional components of type 2 appearing in group algebras of a finite group over number fields [Formula: see text] by describing all 58 finite groups [Formula: see text] having a faithful exceptional Wedderburn component of this type in [Formula: see text].
Impaired dynamics and function of mitochondria caused by mtDNA toxicity leads to heart failure
Authors: Lauritzen Knut H. , Kleppa Liv , Aronsen Jan Magnus , Eide Lars , Carlsen Harald , Haugen Øyvind P. , Sjaastad Ivar , Klungland Arne , Rasmussen Lene Juel , Attramadal Håvard , Storm-Mathisen Jon , Bergersen Linda H.
Published: June 2015

Cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in heart failure of diverse etiologies. Generalized mitochondrial disease also leads to cardiomyopathy with various clinical manifestations. Impaired mitochondrial homeostasis may over time, such as in the aging heart, lead to cardiac dysfunction. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), close to the electron transport chain and unprotected by histones, may be a primary pathogenetic site, but this is not known. Here, we test the hypothesis that cumulative damage of cardiomyocyte mtDNA leads to cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Transgenic mice with Tet-on inducible, cardiomyocyte-specific expression of a mutant uracil-DNA glycosylase 1 (mutUNG1) were generated. The mutUNG1 is known to remove thymine in addition to uracil from the mitochondrial genome, generating apyrimidinic sites, which obstruct mtDNA function. Following induction of mutUNG1 in cardiac myocytes by administering doxycycline, the mice developed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, leading to congestive heart failure and premature death after ∼2 mo. The heart showed reduced mtDNA replication, severely diminished mtDNA transcription, and suppressed mitochondrial respiration with increased Pgc-1α, mitochondrial mass, and antioxidative defense enzymes, and finally failing mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics and deteriorating myocardial contractility as the mechanism of heart failure. The approach provides a model with induced cardiac-restricted mtDNA damage for investigation of mtDNA-based heart disease.
Optical Characterization of Different Thin Film Module Technologies
Authors: Ebner R. , Kubicek B. , Újvári G. , Novalin S. , Rennhofer M. , Halwachs M.
Published: June 2015

For a complete quality control of different thin film module technologies (a-Si, CdTe, and CIS) a combination of fast and nondestructive methods was investigated. Camera-based measurements, such as electroluminescence (EL), photoluminescence (PL), and infrared (IR) technologies, offer excellent possibilities for determining production failures or defects in solar modules which cannot be detected by means of standard power measurements. These types of optical measurement provide high resolution images with a two-dimensional distribution of the characteristic features of PV modules. This paper focuses on quality control and characterization using EL, PL, and IR imaging with conventional cameras and an alternative excitation source for the PL-setup.
Increase in Central Retinal Edema after Subthreshold Diode Micropulse Laser Treatment of Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Gawęcki Maciej
Published: June 2015

Purpose. Subthreshold diode micropulse laser (SDM) treatment is believed to be safe method of treating clinical entities involving retinal edema. We present a case of serous edematous reaction of the retina to SDM treatment.Methods. Case report.Results. A patient with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) was treated with SDM Yellow multispot laser. Procedure had been preceded by careful titration of the laser power, which after achieving of the threshold parameter was decreased by 50%. The follow-up visit two days after treatment revealed significant central retinal edema and subretinal fluid. Fundus autofluorescence image showed thermal reaction from the RPE in the form of small spots of hyperfluorescence corresponding to the laser multispot pattern used for treatment. Retinal edema resolved after topical bromfenac and single intravitreal bevacizumab injection. Slight pigmentary reaction from the RPE persisted.Conclusion. In the treatment of CSCR, there is a need to significantly reduce threshold SDM power parameters or simply use very low power without titration.
Decreased eIF3e Expression Can Mediate Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition through Activation of the TGFβ Signaling Pathway
Authors: Desnoyers Guillaume , Frost Laura D. , Courteau Lynn , Wall Michael L. , Lewis Stephen M.
Published: June 2015

The eIF3e protein is a component of the multisubunit eIF3 complex, which is essential for cap-dependent translation initiation. Decreased eIF3e expression is often observed in breast and lung cancer and has been shown to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast epithelial cells by an unknown mechanism. Here, we study the effect of decreased eIF3e expression in lung epithelial cells by creating stable clones of lung epithelial cells (A549) that express an eIF3e-targeting shRNA. Our data indicate that decreased eIF3e expression in lung epithelial cells leads to EMT, as it does in breast epithelial cells. Importantly, we show that decreased eIF3e expression in both lung and breast epithelial cells leads to the overproduction of the TGFβ cytokine and that inhibition of TGFβ signaling can reverse eIF3e-regulated EMT in lung epithelial cells. In addition, we discovered that several mRNAs that encode important EMT regulators are translated by a cap-independent mechanism when eIF3e levels are reduced. These findings indicate that EMT mediated by a decrease in eIF3e expression may be a general phenomenon in epithelial cells and that it requires activation and maintenance of the TGFβ signaling pathway.

Implications: These results indicate that inhibition of TGFβ signaling could be an efficient way to prevent metastasis in patients with NSCLC that display reduced eIF3e expression. Mol Cancer Res; 13(10); 1421–30. ©2015 AACR.
Beneficial Regulation of Metabolic Profiles by Black Raspberries in Human Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Pan Pan , Skaer Chad W. , Stirdivant Steven M. , Young Matthew R. , Stoner Gary D. , Lechner John F. , Huang Yi-Wen , Wang Li-Shu
Published: June 2015

Dietary intervention of freeze-dried black raspberries (BRBs) in a group of human colorectal cancer patients has demonstrated beneficial effects, including proapoptosis, antiproliferation, and antiangiogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate BRB-mediated metabolite changes from this same cohort of patients. Twenty-eight colorectal cancer patients were given 60 g BRB powder daily for 1 to 9 weeks. Urine and plasma specimens were collected before and after BRB intervention. A mass spectrometry–based nontargeted metabolomic analysis was conducted on each specimen. A total of more than 400 metabolites were annotated in each specimen. Of these 34 and 6 metabolites were significantly changed by BRBs in urine and plasma, respectively. Increased levels of 4-methylcatechol sulfate in both post-BRB urine and post-BRB plasma were significantly correlated with a higher level of apoptotic marker (TUNEL) in post-BRB tumors. One tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolites, cis-aconitate, was increased in post-BRB urine. Furthermore, BRB-derived polyphenols were absorbed and metabolized to various benzoate species, which were significantly increased in post-BRB specimens. Increased benzoate levels were positively correlated with enhanced levels of amino acid metabolite. These results suggest that BRBs induce significant metabolic changes and affect energy generating pathways.This study supports the hypothesis that BRBs might be beneficial to colorectal cancer patients through the regulation of multiple metabolites. Cancer Prev Res; 8(8); 743–50. ©2015 AACR.
Diagnostic and Management Challenges of Ciliary Body Tumor in an African-American Patient
Authors: Salvi Sachin M. , Singh Arun D.
Published: June 2015

Purpose: To discuss the diagnostic and management challenges of a ciliary body tumor in an African-American patient. Procedures: Our 52-year-old African-American female patient, referred with a nasal ciliary body tumor in the right eye, underwent investigations including A- and B-scan ultrasonography, Optos fundus photography and fundus fluorescein angiography at clinical consultation. A diagnostic fine-needle aspiration cytology and open flap biopsy were undertaken. Results: Histopathology and cytology confirmed a malignant melanoma, which is extremely rare in the African-American population. The patient was treated with brachytherapy with an iodine-131 plaque ensuring adequate coverage of the tumor site but, at the same time, taking special precaution not to disturb the biopsy site. Conclusions: The diagnosis of a ciliary body tumor, especially in an African-American patient, can be challenging despite advances in imaging systems, given the multitude of differential diagnoses. Uveal melanomas are extremely rare in African-Americans. On detailed questioning, our patient reported having mixed ancestry, with Caucasian ancestors on the mother's side and native Indian ancestors on the father's side. Information on true ethnicity should be specifically asked for as it alters the incidence rate. Biopsy provides the only option for a correct diagnosis and for developing a management plan. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy can be diagnostic, though an open flap biopsy is superior as it provides information on tissue architecture and the possibility of immunohistochemistry. Also, with plaque brachytherapy treatment, special care needs to be taken not to disturb the biopsy site to reduce the risk of seeding, and an innovative approach may need to be taken to ensure adequate radiation coverage of these anterior tumors.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНА ОСНОВА ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ОНТОЛОГІЇ ДЛЯ СИСТЕМАТИЗАЦІЇ ЗНАНЬ В ОРТОПЕДІЇ
Authors: Ryhan M. M.
Published: June 2015

This article discusses the logic of orthopedics. There is emphasized that the distinctive side development strategy orthopedics is focused on the development of high technology, modern trends of the technology replacement, continuous improvement of designs and tools used. It’ s presented logic and axiomatics device application ontologies to organize knowledge in orthopedics. As a first step there is created an ontology for diagnosis and treatment of gonarthrosis.
ЛОГІКА ПРИЙНЯТТЯ РІШЕНЬ В ОЦІНЮВАННІ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ МЕДИЧНОГО СТРАХУВАННЯ - ПРИНЦИПИ ПОРІВНЯЛЬНОГО АНАЛІЗУ
Authors: Dzhundubaieva S. O.
Published: June 2015

The problems of i mproving t h e health insurance business through th e use of technology monitoring performance analysis of the insurance company are discusse d. It was used the coefficients of consistency trend; the waiting for the results coefficients, etc. The main indicators for monitoring were integral characteristics, such as compliance with diagnostic and treat ment protocols. Particular attention is paid to the perfor mance of dissatisfaction with patients. There was investigated t h e q uality of medical care in 5000 patients with 135 enterprises. It was discusse d the causes and conse quences of cases of improper medical care as a result of non-compliance with its quantity or quality and the prospects of t he use of information - m at hematical strategies to assess trends in non-compliance by existing standards and protocols. It was marked proportion of diagnostic and therapeutic measures carried out not in full due to reasons beyond the control of the doctor and led to a deterioration of the patient’s condition and lengthening the period of treat ment.
ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-ОБЛІКОВА СИСТЕМА СПОСТЕРЕЖЕННЯ ЗА ХВОРИМИ НА МУКОВІСЦИДОЗ
Authors: Zhurovsky M. Z. , Horovenko N. H. , Stetsyuk V. Z. , Savytskyi A. I. , Hladush Yu. I. , Ivanova T. P. , Luhovskyi Yu. O.
Published: June 2015

To assist in controlling the process of treat ment and monitoring of patients was developed a software application that captures all the work with the patient. For developing this application were used medical records, statistical reporting forms, other medical documentation and doctor experience.
This software saves doctor’s time, or ganizes their work, improves perfor mance and allows focusing on the patient.
СПОСІБ РОЗРАХУНКУ ЛОКАЛІЗАЦІЇ ДЖЕРЕЛА ШУМІВ У ТРИВИМІРНОМУ ПРОСТОРІ ДЛЯ ДІАГНОСТИКИ ПНЕВМОНІЇ У ДІТЕЙ МОЛОДШОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Apikova A. E. , Fedotov D. A. , Klymenko V. A.
Published: June 2015

The theoretical justification for using of the GPS-technology principle for the pneumonia diagnosis was made in the article. The sensor's matrix is located on a patient's chest and it's an inactive system's component unlike satellites used in GPS. The method is i mplemented using t he GPS-navigation formula with some variables replacements. For determining of the coordinates of the sounds source in the three-dimensional space it's necessary to calculate time from sound's source to each sensor of matrix. According to the obtained coordinates the conclusion about the depth and location of the inflammation process (pneumonia) in the patient lungs can be made.
МОЖЛИВОСТІ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ В БЕЗПЕРЕРВНОМУ ПРОФЕСІЙНОМУ РОЗВИТКУ ПРОВІЗОРІВ
Authors: Babintseva L. Yu.
Published: June 2015

The possibilities of distance learning technologies to provide effective continuing professional development of ph ar macists
was discussed. Improving the quality of this study is to provide adaptability and confor mity knowledge transfer. Applying the principles of individualized learning was improved quality of learning more. Individualization of training can reduce the amount of errors in decision-making (analysis of situational tasks) more than twice was proved.
АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЯ СИСТЕМИ ВНУТРІШНЬОЛАБОРАТОРНОГО КОНТРОЛЮ ЯКОСТІ
Authors: Stetsyuk V. Z. , Savickiy A. I. , Ivanova T. P. , Olhovich N. V. , Horbenko A. O.
Published: June 2015

Quality control system base d on the principles of standardi zation of all phases of laboratory testing and analysis of internal laboratory quality control and external quality assessment. For the detection accuracy of the results of laboratory tests, carried out internally between the laboratory and laboratory quality control. Under internal laboratory quality control we understand measurement results of each analysis in each anal ytical series rendered directly in the lab every day. The purpose of internal laboratory control - identifying and eliminating unacceptable deviations from standard perfor mance test in the laboratory, i.e. identifying and eliminating harmful analytical errors. The solutions to these problems by implementing automated systems - software that allows you to optimize analytical laboratory research stage of the procedure by automatically creating process control charts was shown.
СТАТИСТИЧНЕ ОБГРУНТУВАННЯ КОМПЕНСАТОРНИХ МЕХАНІЗМІВ ЕПІТЕЛІЮ ЯСЕН В УМОВАХ НІКОТИНОВОЇ ІНТОКСИКАЦІЇ
Authors: Gasyuk N. V.
Published: June 2015

In the article the results of a comprehensive statistical study of compensatory mechanisms of restructuring epithelium nicotine gum under conditions of intoxication. The results make it possible to characterize changes сytospecific described as a tendency to develop incomplete keratinization, as evidenced virohidnene increase in the number of surface cells on the background of reduction of horny scales. The appearance in cytohrams parabasal epithelial cells ch aracterizes activation
of compensatory mechanisms in epithelial conditions nicotine intoxication.
A evolução da lei de drogas: o tratamento do usuário e dependente de drogas no Brasil e em Portugal
Authors: Ventura Carla Aparecida Arena , Benetti Débora Aparecida Miranda
Published: June 2015

Com a entrada em vigor da Lei de Drogas, Lei no 11.343/2006, o Brasil estabelecia como propósito tratar o dependente e o usuário com maior dignidade, buscando tratamento em vez de punição. Em 2000, Portugal, também preocupado com a dignidade dos dependentes e usuários de drogas, apresentou uma atitude mais inovadora do que o Brasil, descriminalizando o consumo de drogas em pequena quantidade. Nesse contexto, esta reflexão apresenta uma comparação entre a legislação recente desses dois países, especialmente no que se refere à diferenciação entre usuário/dependente de drogas e traficantes e seus respectivos tratamentos. Apesar das alterações legislativas no Brasil, há incipiente foco em programas de saúde pública que lidem com o problema das drogas no país. Assim, a experiência de Portugal pode trazer importantes elementos para o delineamento de políticas mais efetivas no Brasil, que considerem as particularidades nacionais e a multidimensionalidade do fenômeno das drogas.
Perfil do consumo de álcool e drogas ilícitas entre adolescentes escolares de uma capital brasileira
Authors: Faria Filho Edson Arantes
Published: June 2015

Este artigo descreve e analisa a exposição de adolescentes escolares às bebidas alcoólicas e drogas ilícitas a partir dos dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) 2012. Traçamos o perfil do consumo dessas substâncias na cidade de Goiânia-GO, conforme o sexo e tipo de escola. O percentual de experimentação precoce, consumo atual de bebidas alcoólicas e episódios de embriaguez foram ligeiramente maiores entre as meninas. Nas escolas privadas, o percentual de experimentação de bebidas alcoólicas foi maior e nas escolas públicas o de embriaguez foi maior. Os estudantes do sexo masculino e de escolas públicas apresentaram maior percentual de experimentação de drogas ilícitas. Esses resultados geram evidências para orientar as políticas públicas de saúde voltadas aos adolescentes.
Consequências relacionadas ao consumo de crack entre mulheres e motivações para o abandono da droga
Authors: Oliveira Michele Mandagará de , Kantorski Luciane Prado , Coimbra Valéria Cristina Crhistello , Ferreira Roberta Zaffalon , Ferreira Gabriella Bastos , Cruz Vania Dias
Published: June 2015

Este estudo objetivou conhecer as consequências relacionadas ao consumo de crack entre mulheres e motivações para o abandono da droga. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, realizado com 11 mulheres ex-usuárias de crack, através de entrevista semiestruturada. Os principais resultados foram o rompimento de laços afetivos, familiares e com o meio social, além de perdas materiais. Quanto ao que motivou o abandono da droga, foi destacada a maternidade, o afastamento das áreas de risco e a prática religiosa. Assim, sugere-se que a assistência prestada pelos serviços de saúde deve ser repensada, na intenção de valorizar a singularidade da pessoa, considerando a complexidade desse fenômeno.
Craving pelo crack nos usuários em tratamento no centro de atenção psicossocial
Authors: Lappann Nadja Cristiane , Machado Jacqueline Simone de Almeida , Tameirão Felipe Viegas , Benjamim Maria Luísa Nogueira
Published: June 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o craving em usuários de crack em tratamento no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Realizou-se estudo descritivo transversal com abordagem quantitativa. A amostra foi composta por 20 usuários de crack e, como instrumento de coleta de dados, foi utilizado o Cocaine Craving Questionnaire-Brief. O perfil verificado caracteriza-se como homem jovem, solteiro e com baixo grau de escolaridade. Observa-se maior escore do craving para os que usam crack há mais de três anos e que, quanto menor o período abstinência do crack, maior o craving pela droga. O craving é uma variável importante a ser observada no tratamento do dependente químico favorecendo a prevenção de recaída.
Associação entre depressão, estresse, ansiedade e uso de álcool entre servidores públicos
Authors: Gavin Rejane Salomão , Reisdorfer Emilene , Gherardi-Donato Edilaine Cristina da Silva , Reis Leonardo Naves dos , Zanetti Ana Carolina Guidorizzi
Published: June 2015

OBJETIVO: identificar a associação de sintomatologia depressiva com variáveis sociodemográficas, exposição e dimensões do estresse ocupacional. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: trata-se de estudo transversal, com 1.239 trabalhadores da categoria técnico-administrativa de uma universidade pública do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Foram avaliadas questões sociodemográficas, sintomatologia depressiva e ansiosa, uso problemático de álcool e estresse no trabalho. RESULTADOS: os servidores públicos relataram trabalhar sob baixa demanda psicológica e alto controle sobre o trabalho executado, além de atuar com baixa exigência. Cerca um quinto dos trabalhadores apresentou sintomatologia ansiosa e/ou depressiva e 13,2% preencheram critérios para uso problemático de álcool. CONCLUSÃO: os achados deste estudo indicam aspectos relevantes a serem enfocados por planos e estudos de intervenção, para prevenir o adoecimento mental dos trabalhadores, principalmente relacionado à sintomatologia depressiva.
An Automated Mobile Phone Photo Relay and Display Concept Applicable to Operational Severe Weather Monitoring
Authors: Longmore Scott , Miller Steven , Bikos Dan , Lindsey Daniel , Szoke Edward , Molenar Debra , Hillger Donald , Brummer Renate , Knaff John
Published: June 2015

The increasing use of mobile phones (MPs) equipped with digital cameras and the ability to post images and information to the Internet in real time has significantly improved the ability to report events almost instantaneously. From the perspective of weather forecasters responsible for issuing severe weather warnings, the old adage holds that a picture is indeed worth a thousand words; a single digital image conveys significantly more information than a simple web-submitted text or phone-relayed report. Timely, quality-controlled, and value-added photography allows the forecaster to ascertain the validity and quality of storm reports. The posting of geolocated, time-stamped storm report photographs utilizing an MP application to U.S. National Weather Service (NWS) Weather Forecast Office (WFO) social media pages has generated recent positive feedback from forecasters. This study establishes the conceptual framework, architectural design, and pathway toward implementation of a formalized photo report (PR) system composed of 1) an MP application, 2) a processing and distribution system, and 3) the Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System II (AWIPS II) data plug-in software. The requirements and anticipated appearance of such a PR system are presented, along with considerations for possible additional features and applications that extend the utility of the system beyond the realm of severe weather applications.
On the Impact of NWP Model Background on Very High–Resolution Analyses in Complex Terrain
Authors: Kann Alexander , Wittmann Christoph , Bica Benedikt , Wastl Clemens
Published: June 2015

The capability to accurately analyze the spatial distribution of temperature and wind at very high spatial (2.5–1 km) and temporal (60–5 min) resolutions is of interest in many modern techniques (e.g., nowcasting and statistical downscaling). In addition to observational data, the generation of such analyses requires background information to adequately resolve nonstatic, small-scale phenomena. Numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are of continuously increasing skill and are more capable of providing valuable information on convection-resolving scales. The present paper discusses the impact of two operational NWP models on hourly 2-m temperature and 10-m wind analyses as created by the Integrated Nowcasting through Comprehensive Analysis (INCA) system, which includes a topographic downscaling procedure. The NWP models used for this study are a revised version of ARPEGE–ALADIN (ALARO; 4.8-km resolution) and the Applications of Research to Operations at Mesoscale (AROME; 2.5-km resolution). Based on a case study and a longer-term validation, it is shown that, generally, the finer the grid spacing of the background model and the higher the resolution of the target grid in the downscaling procedure, the slightly more accurate is the analysis. This is especially true for wind analyses in mountainous regions, where a realistic simulation of topographic effects is crucial. In the case of 2-m temperature, the impact is less pronounced, but the topographic downscaling at very high resolution at least adds detail in complex terrain. However, in the vicinity of station observations, the analysis algorithm is capable of spatially adjusting the larger biases found in the ALARO model while having a lesser effect on the downscaled AROME model.
Annualized implementation data on comprehensive intrastate peace accords, 1989–2012
Authors: Joshi Madhav , Quinn Jason Michael , Regan Patrick M
Published: June 2015

This article introduces the Peace Accords Matrix Implementation Dataset (PAM_ID). We present time-series data on the implementation of 51 provisions in 34 comprehensive peace agreements negotiated in civil wars since 1989. We follow the implementation process for up to ten years following the signing of each agreement. The data provide new insights into the types of provisions that are more or less likely to be implemented, how implementation processes unfold over time, how implementation processes relate to one another, and how implementation affects various post-accord outcomes. We outline our coding methodology and case selection, and examine descriptive statistics. We illustrate one potential use of the data by combining eight different provisions into a composite indicator of security sector reform (SSR). A survival analysis finds that implementing security sector reforms contributes to long-term conflict reduction not only between the parties to the accord but also between the government and other non-signatory groups in the same conflict.
Heterogeneity in the Determinants of Population Growth at the Local Level
Authors: Gutiérrez-Posada Diana , Rubiera-Morollon Fernando , Viñuela Ana
Published: June 2015

Formal modeling of local population growth has usually tended to focus on identifying patterns that are presumed to hold universally. However, as Glaeser, Ponzetto, and Tobio highlighted, these laws are reliable for long-term dynamics; but in some moments or for some places, the balance between the different factors may change, giving rise to different specific behaviors. In this article, we study local population growth in Spain with no intention of searching for universal patterns. Rather, we are interested in identifying how relevant the temporal and spatial heterogeneity may be, that is, to assess the even and uneven effects that population growth determinants can exert across time and space. The geographically weighted regression (GWR) approach applied in this article for two different decades, 1991–2001 and 2001–2011, captures the spatial heterogeneity. Results on the spatially differentiated population growth factors are compared with the global ordinary least squares (OLS) estimators for both decades. Essential factors in urban and regional economics such as size (initial population) or distance (either to the big cities or to the coast) can have different effects on population growth across both space and time, corresponding to the global estimated effects for some areas but diverging from these in others. Using GWR estimation procedures, we can identify changes in the sign or in the intensity of a factor’s effect across space, such that some factors could enhance population growth in one place but reduce it in another. Only after all spatially differentiated local effects have been analyzed and taken into consideration can appropriate national or regional policies be designed à la carte to promote, retain, or deter population growth.
Generation and Management of Electronic Waste in India
Authors: Borthakur Anwesha
Published: June 2015

Electronic waste (E-waste) or waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) refers to obsolete and discarded appliances that operates on electricity. Due to our constantly evolving dependence on electrical and electronic equipments (EEEs) in every walk of lives, the amount of E-waste generated worldwide is thriving at an alarming rate, while the management practices and policy-level initiatives are still at an embryonic stage, especially in most of the developing countries. With respect to countries like India, the current methods of storage, processing, recycling, and disposal of E-waste have immense potential to harm human health and environment. This article is an attempt to evaluate the involvement of various stakeholders in the generation and management of E-waste in India by identifying and assessing them. The dominance of informal E-waste recycling sector along with its all socio-economic, health, and environmental implications is addressed. Current status of formal recycling units in the country is assessed upon. A case study assessing various stakeholders’ involvement is incorporated. The findings and conclusions of the article call for an integrated approach in Indian E-waste management scenario including significant considerations such as the identification of diverse range of stakeholders in the E-waste generation and management processes. A sustainable E-waste management system in the country is only possible by identification of the functionalities of various stakeholders.
Polychlorinated biphenyls
Authors: Faroon Obaid , Ruiz Patricia
Published: June 2015

Millions of pounds of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) compounds have been produced in multiple countries for industrial applications over the last several decades. PCB exposure induces various adverse health effects in animals and humans. Environmental and occupational exposures to PCBs have been associated with liver, kidney, endocrine, and neurodevelopmental adverse effects. We have collected and reviewed animal and human data cited in the US National Library of Medicine from 2000 to 2010. In brief, our review shows new evidence, that is, in animal studies, exposure to one of the PCBs, A1221, induces a significant alteration of serum luteinizing hormone. The effects were more profound in the F2 generation, particularly with respect to fluctuations in hormones and reproductive tract tissues across the estrous cycle. Morphological analyses of brain tissue from rats exposed to A1254 confirmed the results of an earlier work which showed that the relative size of the intra- and infrapyramidal (II-P) mossy fibers was smaller than that in the controls and also reduction in growth was selective for the II-P mossy fibers. PCB exposure increased anogenital distance and prostate size but decreased epididymal weight, epididymal sperm count, and motile epididymal sperm count. No effects were observed on testicular weight or size. The epidemiological data showed an association between diabetes mellitus prevalence and elevated concentrations of PCB 153. Additionally, prenatal PCB exposure studies were associated with a smaller thymic index at birth and could adversely affect immune responses to childhood vaccinations and resistance to respiratory infections. PCB exposure was also reported to adversely affect enamel development in children in a dose-dependent manner. Because PCBs and their metabolites are potential health hazards, understanding the risk factors associated with individual PCBs, PCB mixtures, and PCB metabolites is important. PCB exposures of vulnerable populations (pregnant women, fetuses, infants, and children) are of particular concern because of heightened sensitivity during this period of brain development.
Health Promotion in Multicultural Populations
Authors: Brown David
Published: June 2015

Health Promotion in Multicultural Populations: A Handbook for Practitioners and Students (3rd ed.) is a 20-chapter book that provides health education and health promotion students and practitioners a quality overview of issues and concerns when working with multicultural and diverse populations. The authors of the chapters provide practical information, and the use of case studies is innovative and helpful for health education and health promotion students and practitioners working or planning to work in these areas.
Outcomes and complications after percutaneous release for trigger digits in diabetic and non-diabetic patients
Authors: Huang H.-K. , Wang J.-P. , Wang S.-T. , Liu Y.-A. , Huang Y.-C. , Liu C.-L.
Published: June 2015

We compared the short-term (3 months) and long-term (2 years) outcomes and complications of percutaneous release of 187 trigger digits of 154 patients treated between 2009 and 2012, all treated by a single surgeon. The 154 patients included 48 patients with diabetes mellitus and 106 non-diabetic patients. The only short-term complication was pain, occurring in three digits (5%) in the diabetic patients and six digits (5%) in the non-diabetic patients. The long-term complications were pain in 15 digits (25%) in the diabetic patients and 18 digits (14%) in the non-diabetic patients. This was not significant ( p = 0.058). Recurrent triggering occurred in nine digits (15%) in the diabetic patients, which was significantly greater than the six digits (5%) in the non-diabetic patients ( p = 0.013). The non-diabetic patients were significantly more satisfied.

Level of Evidence: level III
Effect of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Accuracy on Clinicians’ Retrospective Decision Making in Diabetes
Authors: Mahmoudi Zeinab , Johansen Mette Dencker , Nørgaard Hanne Holdflod , Andersen Steen , Pedersen-Bjergaard Ulrik , Tarnow Lise , Christiansen Jens Sandahl , Hejlesen Ole
Published: June 2015

Background:

The use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in clinical decision making in diabetes could be limited by the inaccuracy of CGM data when compared to plasma glucose measurements. The aim of the present study is to investigate the impact of CGM numerical accuracy on the precision of diabetes treatment adjustments.

Method:

CGM profiles with maximum 5-day duration from 12 patients with type 1 diabetes treated with a basal-bolus insulin regimen were processed by 2 CGM algorithms, with the accuracy of algorithm 2 being higher than the accuracy of algorithm 1, using the median absolute relative difference (MARD) as the measure of accuracy. During 2 separate and similar occasions over a 1-month interval, 3 clinicians reviewed the processed CGM profiles, and adjusted the dose level of basal and prandial insulin. The precision of the dosage adjustments were defined in terms of the interclinician agreement and the intraclinician reproducibility of the decisions. The Cohen’s kappa coefficient was used to assess the precision of the decisions. The study was based on retrospective and blind CGM data.

Results:

For the interclinician agreement, in the first occasion, the kappa of algorithm 1 was .32, and that of algorithm 2 was .36. For the interclinician agreement, in the second occasion, the kappas of algorithms 1 and 2 were .17 and .22, respectively. For the intraclinician reproducibility of the decisions, the kappas of algorithm 1 were .35, .22, and .80 and the kappas of algorithm 2 were .44, .52, and .32, for the 3 clinicians, respectively. For the interclinician agreement, the relative kappa change from algorithm 1 to algorithm 2 was 86.06%, and for the intraclinician reproducibility, the relative kappa change from algorithm 1 to algorithm 2 was 53.99%.

Conclusions:

Results indicated that the accuracy of CGM algorithms might potentially affect the precision of the CGM-based insulin adjustments for type 1 diabetes patients. However, a larger study with several clinical centers, with higher number of clinicians and patients is required to validate the impact of CGM accuracy on decisions precision.
Horizontal RNA transfer mediates platelet-induced hepatocyte proliferation
Authors: Kirschbaum Marc , Karimian Golnar , Adelmeijer Jelle , Giepmans Ben N. G. , Porte Robert J. , Lisman Ton
Published: June 2015

Key Points

Platelets stimulate proliferation of HepG2 cells, which requires uptake of platelets by the HepG2 cell. Platelets stimulate HepG2 cell proliferation in part by transfer of RNA from the anucleate platelet to the nucleated HepG2 cell.
A T-cell–directed chimeric antigen receptor for the selective treatment of T-cell malignancies
Authors: Mamonkin Maksim , Rouce Rayne H. , Tashiro Haruko , Brenner Malcolm K.
Published: June 2015

Key Points

T cells transduced with a CD5 CAR demonstrate limited and transient fratricide and expand ex vivo. CD5 CAR T cells eliminate T-ALL blasts in vitro and control disease progression in xenograft T-ALL mouse models.
Applicability of standard Euler deconvolution, modeling, and amplitude magnetic data inversion in Greenfield programs: The Leite target case study, Carajás Mineral Province, Brazil
Authors: de Souza João Paulo Gomes , Leão-Santos Marcelo Henrique , de Oliveira Freitas Cantidiano , Matos Fernando Martins Vieira , de Carvalho Diogo Luiz Orphão
Published: June 2015

The Leite target is located in Carajás Mineral Province and has a magnetic anomaly with 140 nT of amplitude, elongated in the northwest–southeast direction. Four exploratory drillholes were performed to test the magnetic anomaly. The test showed that the source of the anomaly is a narrow magnetite hydrothermal alteration zone bearing copper mineralization up to 2%. In addition, geologic and geochemical data, magnetic susceptibility (MS) measurements were collected to identify the lithotypes with ferromagnetic minerals. We use three different techniques to estimate the depth and geometry of the magnetic source: standard Euler deconvolution, total field magnetic anomaly modeling, and magnetic amplitude inversion. When visualized in 3D, the depth of solutions from Euler deconvolution crossed the real magnetic layer with less inclination. The modeling, using the solutions from Euler deconvolution, was performed, and the magnetic anomaly produced by the body modeled achieved a low misfit. The body used in the forward modeling is geometrically similar to the geologic magnetic layer. The magnetic amplitude inversion successfully recovered the MS distribution. Finally, we carried out a borehole magnetic survey in two drillholes to validate the obtained models and investigate the magnetic source. This survey confirmed that the models were intercepted and the magnetic anomaly was associated, a hydrothermal alteration zone, with magnetite intercepted by drillholes. In this study, we demonstrated that the use of those techniques was effective in Greenfield exploration programs.
Stochastic and Chaotic Parameters Analysis of the Cardio-Respiratory System in the Indigenous and Newly Arrived Population of the Ugra
Authors: Химикова  , Khimikova O. , Соколова  , Sokolova A. , Ватамова  , Vatamova S. , Филатова  , Filatova O. , Гараева  , Garaeva G.
Published: June 2015

The current paper presents the difference in parameters of cardio-vascular system in the indigenous and newly arrived population of the UGRA. The problem of human body adaptation of newly arrived population compared with indigenous people (the Khanty) who have been living in Ugra for a long period of time is the main problem of human ecology. The solution of the problem is provided according to the theory of chaos – self-organization. The parameters of quas-iattractors and traditional stochastic parameters are compared. The effective calculation of matrixes of inter-quasi-attractor distances for estimation of such differences is shown.The authors have proved that chaotic parameters present peculiarities of human body in the Ugra population better than traditional stochastic parameters of cardio-respiratory system of a human living in the North.