bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Function and Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Cheng Chun-Hua , Huang Li-Ling , Kao Wei-Tsung , Su Chwen-Yng , Chou Frank Huang , Hsieh Kuan-Ying
Published: December 2021

Objective:

Alcohol has cognitive impacts on patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). In this study, we intended to study cognitive impairments in patients with AUD and their potential interrelationships.

Methods:

We enrolled 60 patients with AUD or alcohol intoxication in Taiwan. The severity of alcohol use was assessed using a copy for severity of alcohol dependence questionnaire (SADQ). Cognitive function was evaluated using Stroop color and word test, continuous performance test-identical pairs, trail making test, visual alternating and divided attention subscales of computerized everyday attention test, visual elevator subscale of test of everyday attention, Benton judgment of line orientation test, spatial perception subscale of visual object perception test, visual motor organization subscale of Loewenstein occupational therapy, thinking operations subscale of Loewenstein occupational therapy cognitive assessment, digit symbol coding subscale of Wechsler adult intelligence scale-third edition, as well as symbol digit modalities test. Moreover, we used a structural equation modeling (SEM) to link age, duration of alcohol use, SADQ, and cognitive impairments.

Results:

Patients with AUD had significantly impairments of “attention” (p < 0.01), “visual motor coordination” (p < 0.001), and “executive function” (p < 0.01). SEM analysis showed that the higher level of attention, visual motor coordination, and executive functional impairments were significantly linked with old age (p < 0.01), long duration of alcohol use (p < 0.01), and higher score of SADQ (p < 0.01). Furthermore, we found that the three cognitive impairments were positively associated with each other.

Conclusion:

Old age, long duration of alcohol use, and severe alcohol use were the predictors of cognitive impairments and early detection. The early screening of predictive factors and timely interventions should be considered to improve cognitive function in patients with AUD.
Lurasidone Switching in Patients with Schizophrenia Who Showed Suboptimal Effect and/or Intolerability to Current Antipsychotics
Authors: Lin Shih-Ku , Yeh Chin-Bin , Hagi Katsuhiko
Published: December 2021

Objective:

In this study, we intended to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of switching to lurasidone in patients with schizophrenia and to get clinical experiences of real-world practice in those who showed suboptimal therapeutic effect and/or intolerability to lurasidone in Taiwan.

Methods:

We enrolled adult patients (aged 20–75 years) with schizophrenia who had been receiving antipsychotic medications but still continued to show mild-to-moderate symptoms or intolerability, for switching switch to an open-label lurasidone 40–160 mg daily for six weeks. The primary end point of the study was to assess the time to treatment failure, defined as any occurrence of insufficient clinical response, worsen underlying symptoms, or discontinuation due to adverse events. Secondary efficacy measures of the study included decreased scores in the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) total and the clinical global impression-severity scale.(CGI-S), as well as increased clinical global impression-improvement scale (CGI-I). Safety measures included occurrences of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), abnormal vital signs, Electrocardiogram (ECG), and laboratory parameters.

Results:

We enrolled 54 patients with 51 completing the study. One patient terminated early due to adverse events and two patients had insufficient therapeutic efficacy. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) time to treatment failure was 27.7 ± 13.1 days. Mean ± SD changes from baseline to six weeks on PANSS, CGI-S, and were −16.8 ± 14.4, −0.6 ± 0.59, and −1.1 ± 1.0, respectively. The most common TEAE was hyperprolactinemia. Furthermore, body weight was significantly decreased from baseline to the end of the study by 0.83 ± 1.96 kg (p< 0.01). Mean ± SD blood prolactin level also was significantly decreased from baseline to week 6 (48.7 ± 52.8 ng/dL vs. 23.9 ± 57.8 ng/dL, p< 0.001).

Conclusion:

After switching from another antipsychotic, patients with schizophrenia treated with lurasidone showed a low rate of treatment failure among patients in Taiwan. The safety profile is similar to that in previous published lurasidone studies.
Identifying the Executive Function Strategies in Learning Tenses and in the Verb Gap-Fill Task Performance of an EFL Student with Dyslexia
Authors: Podobnik Uršič Simona , Pižorn Karmen
Published: December 2021

Teaching of executive function strategies in learning and task performance to EFL students with specific learning difficulties plays an important role in inclusive education. The present case study presents an investigation of the strategies supporting executive functioning in the frames of learning self-regulation, which are applied in learning tenses and the verb gap-fill task performance of a grammar school student with dyslexia. A triangulation research approach included a semi-structured interview with the participant, a qualitative assessment of her written work, a questionnaire with the parents and EFL teacher, and a study of the evaluation report. The results highlight the participant’s difficulties in tense acquisition and frequent task performance errors, weak tense knowledge and low application of strategies supporting executive functioning. The results might help teachers create an inclusive environment in EFL classes.
Media i dziennikarze w czasach pandemii COVID-19. Na przykładzie olsztyńskim
Authors: Golińska-Konecko Magdalena
Published: December 2021

The outbreak of the pandemic in the first months of 2020 significantly affected the social, political and economic life of Poles. It also substantially impacted the media and journalists themselves who, following the “infodemy” – the initial confusion caused by the excess of information – gradually shifted their focus towards informing about the statistics of illnesses, the situation in hospitals, the restrictions imposed by the government or on the unfreezing of subsequent segments of the economy. The purpose of this article is to show how the changes related to the pandemic and the resulting significant restrictions in communication have affected the content of news programs, the functioning of the media and the journalistic environment in Olsztyn. The analysis covered activities of the regional public television, TVP3 Olsztyn. Selected results of own and published research were presented.
Korelasi Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe TGT dan Motivasi Belajar Pendidikan Agama Kristen
Authors: Enos Enri Yana Putri , Supartini Tri , Hana Sarce Rien , Wijaya Hengki
Published: December 2021

The problem in this study is the lack of student motivation in following Christian Religious Education subjects. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to determine the extent of the effect of the cooperative learning model of the team games tournamnet type on the motivation to learn Christian Religious Education in seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Simbuang Tana Toraja. The author uses the method of distributing questionnaires to 20 students in the form of open statements and open interviews to 10 students. The purpose of conducting interviews is to strengthen the results of the questionnaires distributed and direct observations. From the correlation results of data analysis using SPSS, it shows that the team games tournament type cooperative learning model has an effect on students' intrinsic motivation with a significant result, namely 0.671 which is in a strong/high relationship, while the Teams Games Tournament on extrinsic motivation gets a significant result, namely 0.479 which is at moderate/moderate relationship. Students' learning motivation increases both intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. Thus, it can be concluded that the team games tournament type cooperative learning model has an effect on students' learning motivation. AbstrakPermasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah kurangnya motivasi belajar siswa dalam mengikuti mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen. Untuk itu, tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauhmana pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe teams games tournamnet terhadap motivasi belajar Pendidikan Agama Kristen siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Simbuang Tana Toraja. Penulis menggunakan metode pembagian angket kepada 20 siswa dalam bentuk pernyataan yang bersifat terbuka dan wawancara terbuka kepada 10 siswa, Tujuan dilakukan wawancara untuk memperkuat hasil dari angket yang dibagikan dan observasi yang dilakukan secara langsung. Dari Hasil korelasi analisa data menggunakan SPSS menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Teams Games Tournament berpengaruh terhadap motivasi intrinsik siswa dengan hasil signifikan yaitu 0,671 yang berada pada hubungan kuat/tinggi, sedangkan Teams Games Tournament terhadap motivasi ekstrinsik mendapatkan hasil yang signifikan yaitu 0,479 yang berada pada hubungan cukup/sedang. Motivasi belajar siswa meningkat baik motivasi intrinsik maupun motivasi ekstrinsik. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Teams Games Tournament berpengaruh terhadap motivasi belajar siswa.
Serious Neurological Disorders That Mimic Bell’s Palsy: A 10-Year Experience
Authors: Kim Yo Sep , Seok Jung Im , Lee Dong Kuck , Park Jae Han , Park Jung A
Published: December 2021

Background: Unilateral peripheral facial nerve palsy may have a detectable cause (secondary facial nerve palsy) or may be idiopathic (Bell’s palsy). Facial palsy is attributable to various causes ranging from mild infection to severe neurological disorders. We investigated the prevalence and types of serious neurological disorders in patients with unilateral facial palsy.Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients with unilateral facial nerve palsy and identified patients diagnosed with facial palsy secondary to serious or life-threatening causes. We investigated the clinical characteristics, as well as electrodiagnostic and imaging findings in these patients.Results: Of 924 patients with facial palsy, 11 patients (1.2%) were diagnosed with the following serious neurological disorders: acoustic schwannoma in two patients, facial nerve schwannoma, glossopharyngeal schwannoma, meningioma, epidermoid cyst, parotid gland tumor, pontine infarct, skull base osteomyelitis, brain metastasis, and pachymeningitis.Conclusions: Although unilateral facial palsy is rarely associated with serious neurological disorders, early detection of the etiopathogenetic contributors is important for prompt initiation of optimal management. Therefore, clinicians should be mindful of disorders that can mimic Bell’s palsy.
A Rare Case of Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy and Acute Transverse Myelitis Overlap Syndrome
Authors: Kwak In Hee , Kim Na Hee , Kim Yoo Hwan
Published: December 2021

Previous studies show few cases of concomitant Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and acute transverse myelitis (ATM), also described as GBS and ATM overlap syndrome. We experienced a patient who presented with acute progressive leg weakness and hyperreflexia at initial stage, but was followed by areflexia. The spine magnetic resonance imaging revealed radiological findings of ATM and nerve conduction studies showed electrodiagnostic findings of acute motor axonal neuropathy, known as GBS subtype. The response to treatment with intravenous immune globulin was good.
Kontribusi Doa Mistik Karl Rahner bagi Kalangan Reformed di Era Pascakebenaran
Authors: Salim Firdaus
Published: December 2021

Kalangan Reformed konservatif cenderung bersikap curiga dan bermusuhan terhadap berbagai pengalaman iman yang sifatnya pribadi dan subjektif. Teologi Reformed yang berakar pada karya Calvin telah dianggap mengutamakan akal budi dan rasionalitas semata. Mencermati perkembangan zaman, kalangan Reformed perlu menyadari bahwa dunia sedang berhadapan dengan sebuah era, yakni era pascakebenaran. Era pascakebenaran, yang sering ditempatkan hanya dalam konteks politik, ternyata mempunyai dampak pula terhadap dinamika iman. Era pascakebenaran ini telah membuat rasionalitas dan hal-hal yang sifatnya objektif menjadi kurang lagi menarik. Unsur misteri dan kekaguman dalam iman yang sifatnya subjektif justru perlu mendapatkan tempatnya. Menghadapi era yang demikian, makalah ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan bahwa karya Calvin, terutama Institutes dan tafsiran Mazmurnya, tidak bersikap bermusuhan terhadap pengalaman pribadi. Justru karya Calvin tidaklah lepas dari pengaruh tulisan mistik dan bahkan menunjukkan keterbukaan terhadap pengalaman religius. Dengan keterbukaan Calvin yang demikian, doa mistik Karl Rahner dapat menjadi sebuah sarana bagi kalangan Reformed konservatif untuk menghadirkan aspek misteri dan kekaguman dalam iman.
A COMPARATIVE CLINICAL STUDY OF MATRAVASTI AND PICHU WITH RASNA TAILA IN SANDHIGATAVATA W.S.R TO OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Biswas Nupur , Singh Kultar
Published: December 2021

Sandhigata Vata (Osteoarthritis) is a type of Vatavyadhi (degenerative disease) that mainly occurs in Vrid- dhavastha (Old age) due to Dhatukshaya (cellular degeneration). Vagabhatta has also considered Vata Vyadhi as a Maharoga. It appears from the point of view of modern medical sciences that Sandhigata vata can be simulated with Osteoarthritis in its clinical appearance. Osteoarthritis is the most common articular disorder that begins asymptomatically in the 2nd and 3rddecades and is extremely common by age 70. Almost all persons by age 40 have some pathologic change in the weight-bearing joint. 25% of females and 16% males have symptomatic OA. This disease has been described in Ayurveda from ancient times. The disease Arthritis causes work disability. It limits everyday activities such as walking, dressing, bathing etc, thus making individuals handicapped. No treat- ment is available which can prevent the disease process. In western medical science, mainly analgesics, anti- inflammatory drugs or surgery are the options for the treatment of Osteoarthritis; don’t provide remarkable recov- ery but causes great adverse effect. Researchers are trying their level best for making drugs that can prevent or slow down or reverse joint damage. Panchakarma therapy is one of the important branches of Ayurveda, which deals mainly with the purification of the aggravated Doshas from the human system. This is the reason behind the selection of the topic entitled “A COMPARATIVE CLINICAL STUDY OF MATRA VASTI AND PICHU WITH RASNA TAILA IN SANDHIGATA VATA W.S.R TO OSTEOARTHRITIS”. We have used Panchakarma treatment procedure. Panchakarma treatment is believed to help in the radical elimi- nation of the disease-causing factors and maintain the equilibrium of doshas. The selection of Matravasti and pichu both are based on repeated recommendations of different Acharyas on Sandhigatavata. We used Rasna taila.
Keywords: Sandhigata vata, Osteoarthritis, MatraVasti, Pichu, Rasna taila
PHARMACEUTICAL STUDY OF TRIBHUVANKIRTI RASA: A HERBOMINERAL FORMULATION
Authors: Tikhat Kirti B. , Tekale Ganesh S.
Published: December 2021

Tribhuvankirti means familiar in three lokas i.e. Akash, Patal, Pruthvi. The disease which persists at the time of birth and death is Jwara. Tribhuvankirti Rasa is the most efficacious herbomineral ayurvedic drug widely prescribed by physicians for the treatment of different types of Jwara especially Sannipataj Jwara. It is a Kharaliya Rasayana which contains Hingula, Vatsanabha, Trikatu, Tankan, Pippalimoola and Bhavana of Tulsi Patra Swaras, Ardrak Swaras and Dhattur Patra Swaras. In this paper, pharma- ceutical aspects of Tribhuvankirti Rasa prepared by the reference of Yogaratnakar are discussed i.e. de- tailed pharmaceutical procedures adopted for the preparation of Tribhuvankirti Rasa have been dis- cussed such as Vatsanabha Shodhan, Hingul Shodhan, etc. This study will serve as a guide for those who want to reproduce Tribhuvankirti Rasa in future that provide them with the details on what has to be done at each step of production.
Keywords: Tribhuvankirti Rasa, Hingul, Tankan, Borax, herbomineral preparation.
AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE PARENTAL DOSHA PRAKRITI OF AUTISTIC CHILDREN
Authors: S Parvathy , K N Ananda Lakshmy
Published: December 2021

Prakriti refers to the genetically determined physical and mental constitution of an individual. Autism is a lifelong disability identified by impaired communication, social interaction and repetitive behaviours. The genetic, envi- ronmental and immunological factors play an important role in generating autism. Genetic factors are more pre- dominant in autism pathogenesis than the environmental factors that would modulate the phenotype. Until now, no interventions have proven widely effective in providing complete relief to autism. Therefore, the prevention of autism needs supreme attention. To a greater extent, prakriti of an individual can determine proneness to particu- lar diseases. To assess the prakriti of both parents of 30 diagnosed cases of autistic children attending the OPD and IPD of Govt. Ayurveda College, Kannur were randomly selected. They are subjected to detailed history taking based on specially prepared proforma and assessments were recorded. Their prakriti assessment was done using a validated computer-assisted questionnaire software Ayusoft developed by C-DAC Pune. The data was statistically analysed. In this study, Vata pitta prakriti was significantly seen in mothers of autistic children.
Keywords: Prakriti, Autism
X-RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS OF MRITYUNJAYA RASA
Authors: Abhishek Abhishek
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Mrityunjaya Rasa is a Herbo-Mineral formulation, mentioned in Jwara Chikitsa along with various Anupana like Madhu, Aardraka Swarasa, and Jeeraka Kashaya with Guda. Ingredients like Shudha Hingula, Shudha Gandhaka, Shudha Vatsanabha, Shudha Tankana, Pippali and Maricha with properties of Tikta, Katu Rasa Teekshna Guna and Deepana-Pachana, Swedajanana, Yogavahi and Jwaraghna action show the significant result on various types of fever. To attain desired qualities in the finished product, it is much needed to check efficacy on modern parameters for standardization purposes. Thus, Mrityunjaya Rasa was subjected to X- ray diffraction spectroscopy to ensure SOPs followed for preparation. Aim: The study aimed to analyse the results of X-ray diffraction spectroscopy of Mrityunjaya Rasa. Materials and Methods: X-ray diffraction spectroscopy of Mrityunjaya Rasa was carried out at MIT–central instrumentation facility – innovation centre, Manipal, Udupi. Results: XRD study indicates that Mrityunjaya Rasa contains HgS (cinnabar), mercury sulphide in major phase and borax and elements Na, Ca, Mn, Mg, K, P, Zn, C, Cl2, Fe and B in minor phase. Conclusions: Mrityunjaya Rasa contains HgS (cinnabar), mercury sulphide in major phase and borax and other elements like Na, Ca, Mn, Mg, K, P, Zn, C, Cl2, Fe, and B are also present. Compounds and elements are present due to ingredients and Shodhana media which were used. This study can be a path for establishing the thumbprint of SOP for Mrityunjaya Rasa, a herbomineral compound formulation.
Keywords: Mrityunjaya Rasa, XRD, HgS, S, Borax, Na, Ca, Mn etc.
A COMPARATIVE CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF KASANTAKA CHOORNA AND SITOPALADI CHOORNA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF VATAJA KASA (TROPICAL PULMONARY EOSINOPHILIA)
Authors: Kumar Nitin , Y Raghvendra , Dubey Ratnesh
Published: December 2021

In this study, VatajaKasa is compared to Tropical Pulmonary Eosinophilia, which is having symptoms ShuskaKasa, PrasktaVega, ParshwaShula, ShiraShoola, Urashula, SwaraBheda and Kanthakandu similar to that in T.P.E. hence taken for the study. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of Kasantakachoorna and Sitopaladichoorna in in the management of VatajaKasa w.s.r.t. T.P.E. The symptoms which are expressed in Tropical Pulmonary Eosinophilia, are very nearer to the symptoms of vatajakasa. Evaluate the effect of KasantakaChoorna in Vatajakasa (T.P.E). Evaluate the effect of Sitopaldi Choorna in Vatajakasa (T.P. E). To compare the efficacy of Kasantaka Choorna and Sitopaladi Choorna in the management of Vatajakasa (T.P.E). Sample size – 40 patients of Vatajakasa were selected and divided into 2 groups, comprising 20 patients in each group. Kasantaka Choorna: This is more effective on ShushkaKasa, HrutShoola, Prasakta Vega Kantha Kandu because Kasantaka Choorna ingredients contains Snigdha, Rasayana and Kaphavatahara properties.
Sitopaladi Choorna: ingredients include Ela, Twaka, Pippali, Vamsalochana etc. These herbs promote various medical properties that help in improving the immune system and its having Kaphashamaka, Vatanulomaka,Pittashamaka and Antitussive properties. Sitopaladi Choorna acts more effective on Shira Shool, Parshwashool and SwaraBheda.
Keywords: Kasantaka Choorna, Sitopaladichoorna, Vatajakasa Tropical pulmonary Eosinophilia,
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF AGNIKUMARA RAS IN DUSHTA PRATISHYAYA
Authors: Sripada Archana , Babu G. Ramesh , Narayana V. Badari , Ch. SriDurga
Published: December 2021

In Ayurveda, the disease sinusitis can be co-related with “Dushta Pratishyaya” which arises as a complication of the disease “Pratishyaya”. A detailed description of Pratishyaya has been mentioned in Sushruta Samhita (Su. Ut 24/4). While explaining the complication of Pratishyaya, Dushta Pratishyaya has been mentioned. The features of the disease Dushta Pratishyaya, in general, is similar to that of Chronic Sinusitis in modern science. In modern medicine, management of Sinusitis includes Antibiotics, analgesics, Nasal steroids, Nasal Irrigation, Surgery etc. Even then there is no complete cure for Chronic Sinusitis through modern management. Hence to find out a solution through Ayurveda, Agnikumara Ras has been selected for the present study. Agni kumara Ras has been selected from the text Basavarajeeyam. It consists of five ingredients- Shuddha Vatsanabha, Maricha, Kushta, Mustha and Vacha.
Keywords: Dushta Pratishyaya, Agnikumara Ras, Clinical evaluation
MUKHA KRIYAKALPA - PROCEDURES FOR PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF ORAL CAVITY DISORDERS
Authors: Magi Sujata , Hiremath Veerayya R , D K Shashikala , N Gururaj
Published: December 2021

Mukha (oral cavity) is considered as a gateway for the alimentary canal, health of the oral cavity reflects the body health as healthy oral cavity aids in proper digestion of the food consumed. The oral cavity also takes part in bodi- ly functions like respiration and speech. It also contributes to the beauty and confidence of an individual. Mukha is comprised of Osta (lips), Dantamula (Gums), Danta (Tooth), Jinhva (Tongue), Taalu (Palate), Gala (Throat). Since the Oral cavity is constantly exposed to the external environment, there are more chances of trauma and infections. Hence to avoid the chances of oral cavity diseases it is very important to maintain good oral hygiene. Kriyakalpa is the therapeutic procedure applied locally and are considered under bahirparimarjana chikitsa. Ka- vala, Gandusha and Pratisarana are kriyakalpas explained for good oral hygiene. These can be used as a daily regimen to maintain good oral hygiene and in mukharoga as therapeutic procedures. These mukha kriyakalpa- due to their cleaning action and by increasing defence mechanism, promotes oral health and prevents many oral disorders. Various formulations for mukha kriyakalpa are available for a healthy person based on prakriti and for treatment based on vitiated dosha avastha.
Keywords: Mukha kriyaklpa, Oral hygiene, kavala, Gandusha, Pratisarana.
A REVIEW ON UNDERSTANDING OF SCOLIOSIS AND ITS AYURVEDIC ASPECTS
Authors: P. V Fathima , M. J George
Published: December 2021

The spinal curvatures are important for balancing the body and it help us to stand upright. If any one of the curves become too large or small, our posture may appear abnormal. There are three main types of spinal curvature disor- ders, viz: scoliosis, kyphosis and lordosis. Among these, scoliosis is the common one. Scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine that occurs most often during the growth spurt just before puberty. In 80% of scoliosis patients, the cause is unknown. In most of the cases the curve is mild, but in some children the curve continues to worsen as the child grows. Children who have mild scoliosis need to be monitored closely. In such cases, no treatment is usually necessary. Some of them will need to wear a brace. The ultimate treatment for a progressive curve in children is surgery. While going through Ayurveda literature, we see the word Kubja, and is a common term used by Acharyas to describe a hump like appearance. This article is intended to review scoliosis, its classification, symptoms, diag- nosis and treatment and its Ayurvedic aspects.
Keywords: Scoliosis, Brace, Kubja
VISHAHARA DRAVYAS IN MADANAPALA NIGHANTU – A REVIEW ARTICLE
Authors: M Haritha , S Ravikrishna , K Sreejith , Hebbar Chaithra S
Published: December 2021

Background: Ayurveda is the science of life that deals with the protection of the health of the healthy and pacify- ing the disease of the diseased. Agada tantra is one of the branches of Ayurveda that deals with the signs and symptoms with treatment of visha of all types. Madanapala Nighantu is one of the ancient Nighantu written by King Madanapala. A total of 13 chapters are explained in Madanapala Nighantu and there are many vishahara dravyas explained throughout these chapters. Materials and Method: Here an attempt is made to collect and re- view the Vishahara dravya mentioned in the various vargas of Madanapala Nighantu with its botanical name, family and indication and is presented in the table. Observations and results: Among 13 Chapters of Mada- napala Nighantu 105 dravyas are vishahara in nature. Conclusion: Either a single drug preparation or their com- binations can give great results in the management of various poisoning.
Keywords: Agada tantra, Madanapala Nighantu, Visha, Vishahara.
AKSHADI TAILA NASYA AND VIDDHAKARMA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PRATH-AMAPATALAGATATIMIRA - A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Patil Priyanka , Radaye Nutan R , Lihinar Govind
Published: December 2021

The eye is the prime sense organ among all sense organs, thus the word Drushti indicates the function of vision. Sushruta has described 12 Drishtigat rogas in Uttartantra. The anatomical consideration of Patalas & symptoms of the vitiated Doshas situated in these Patalas reveals that the word Timira which is described as an ocular pathol- ogy in Ayurveda is nothing but errors of refraction. Myopia, a form of refractive error where the distant vision is compromised, embraces a large section of the present-day population. In today's world, the pace of life has become fast, irregular and stressful, due to which the visual acuity gets impeded, which can be correlated with Timira de- scribed in Ayurvedic classics. Prathama Patalagata Timira is explained by all Acharyasas a Sadhya Drishtigata Roga. When vitiated Doshas reaches the Pratham Patala of the eye, the patients have blurred vision; this stage is characterized by Avyaktasdarshana (Sushruta) & Animitta Avyakata Rupa Darshana (Vagbhata). Vagbhata has described Nasya as a treatment modality for Urdhwajatrugata Vikaras Sushruta has described Viddhakarma as a treatment modality for Timira in Sutrasthana. Akshadi Taila Nasya Yoga is explained in Ashtang Hrudaya. In the present trial, 30 patients of Prathama Patalagata Timira were selected and Nasya of Akshadi Taila was done along with Viddhakarma.
Keywords: Timira, Nasya, Akshadi Taila, Simple myopia, Viddhakarma
CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF RAJASWALA CHARYA IN RELATION WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) IN CHILDREN - A SURVEY STUDY
Authors: T.V Shamna , K.V Venkatakrishna
Published: December 2021

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or ADHD is the commonest neurological disorder that affects the
behaviour of children.1 World Health Organization put forth that, mental disorders are to shoot up by 50% in 2020 at international level. Indian studies rate the psychopathology among children as 5-15% and ADHD has the highest incidence among all the other developmental disorders2. There is no disease by the name ADHD
described in Ayurveda, but some conditions of abnormal behaviour can be screened from Ayurvedic literature like Anavasthita Chittatva3, Manovibhrama4, Buddhivibhrama5, Smritivibhrama 4, Sheelavibhrama6 Cheshtavibrama7, and Acharavibhrama. It is found that emergence of the ADHD does not follow a single responsible factor7 and thus a single line of treatment does not cure it7,2. The prevalence of ADHD is increased recently, and people started turning to alternative and complementary medicine especially Ayurveda, it is worthwhile to understand the probable aetiology to prevent the emergence of disease. It is known that the Rajaswala period is the largest and most important period among women's life and need to be healthy in this phase to have a better progeny. But in the present era, women are in hurry to reach the mainstream of society and under much physical and mental stress ends up with lack of care on their health even during menstruation which may lead to ill effect in later life8. This study is to put light on the importance of following regimens and avoiding Apathyas especially during menstruation explained in Ayurvedic classics concerning ADHD.
Keywords: Rajaswala, ADHD, paricharya
FOCUS ON HEALTH BENEFITS OF TAMBUL SEVAN VIDHI AS DINCHARYA UPAKRAMA - A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Joshi Shradha Venkatrao , Chavan Shital O.
Published: December 2021

In Ayurveda classics, there is a detailed explanation of what a person should practice from getting up early in the morning to sleeping at night under dincharya upakrama. Tambul Sevan (chewing betel leaf) is described as one of the dincharya upakram i.e., daily regimen. Tambul Sevan means chewing betel leaf mixed with betel nut and other aromatic herbs. Tambul Sevan is an important social component. In Indian tradition, Tambul or paan has been consumed from vedic era that is 5000 years ago. But nowadays the traditional betel leaf and betel nuts are replaced by tobacco and other masala paan. Therefore, the whole concept of Tambul Sevan and its usefulness has been changed. Now there is a need to understand what Tambul Sevan Vidhi is. Ayurveda says Tambul Sevan maintains good oral hygiene and good taste of mouth, it also prevents bad odour and other oral cavity diseases. Tambul Sevan maintains agni (digestive fire) at its samya avastha (normal condition), so it is said to be consumed at end of the meal i.e., bhojananate tambul sevan. Here, this review article highlights the traditional way of Tambul Sevan Vidhi and its health benefits briefly.
Keywords: Tambul, Tambul Sevan Vidhi, betel leaf, dincharya, health benefits.
A REVIEW OF RAKTAVAHA SROTAS AND ITS DISEASES
Authors: Baghel Ravindra Singh , Marwaha Rita , Chourasia Swatantra Kumar , Panda Shiba Datta
Published: December 2021

The subject which deals with the study of the human body and its part is called "Rachna Sharir” which forms the basic principle for understanding the concept of Àyurveda. In Ayurveda, the principle of Srotas is like the roots of the tree. The channel that transport nutrition to their destiny is called Srotas. The human body is the collaboration of the Srotas. Srotas take part in the modification, conveyance, absorption and excretion of many substances which are transported through them. The number of Srotas are different by different authorities of Ayurveda. The Srotas have their self Mulasthan or root. Any disturbance in the Srota, at the structural or functional level, leads to the commencement of diseases. Every Srotas have different functions and Dusti Lakshana. Raktavaha Srotas is the Srotas which is related to blood circulation and its formation. Its Mulasthana are Yakrit, Pleeha and Raktavahini- dhamani as mentioned the Ayurvedic literatures. There are many diseases of Raktavaha Srotas, which occurs as a result of Srotas Dusti. The disease of the Raktavahasrotas is Kustha, Visrpa, Pidika, Kamala, Asrgdar, Arubuda, Arsha etc. all the skin diseases, haemolytic disease, gynaecological disorders, metabolic disorders. The diseases of Raktavahasrotas are important for diagnosis and clinical practices. The presentation is aimed to review the concept of Raktavaha Srotas and its importance.
Keywords: Srotas, Mulastha, RaktavahaSrotas
AN AYURVEDA CONCEPTUAL STUDY ON EIGHT DOMAINS IN THE ASSESSMENT OF MIND
Authors: H. A Dhaneshwari , Shetty Suhas Kumar
Published: December 2021

History taking, clinical examinations play a major role in confirming the diagnosis and predicting the prognosis of the illness. This is applicable in psychiatric as well as psychosomatic disorders. Sometimes organic diseases may simulate the presentation of psychiatric disorders and vice versa. Many types of examination techniques are ex- plained in Ayurveda which help directly or indirectly to elicit and diagnose psychiatry disorders. Astavibhrama, impairment in eight domains of mental faculties - thinking process (Mano vibhrama), intellect (Buddhi vibhrama), consciousness and orientation (Sanjnajnana vibhrama), memory (smriti vibhrama), desire or interest (Bhakti vibhrama), temperaments (sheela vibhrama), behaviour (chesta vibhrama), conduct (achara vibhrama); a concept adopted for the diagnosis of unmada (insanity). These eight domains can be generalised for eliciting the mental status of an individual.
Keywords: Astavibhrama, Mental status examination, Psychiatric disorder
MANA IN BHAISHAJYA KALPANA: A CRITICAL REVIEW
Authors: Sharma Rachana , Shukla Govind Sahay , Agarwal Rajaram , Goyal Manisha
Published: December 2021

The utility of weights and measures is an integral part of today’s life. From any part of human history, the indirect or direct clues for the use of measuring units can be readily traced. This system of measurements is considered a basic principle when it comes to the study of any sciences. Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana in Ayurveda deal with studies on medicine dosage and administration in the prescribed manner. In ancient Mana methods of Magadha Mana and Kalinga Mana are compared in this article. Pautavamana, Druvayamana, and Payyamana are three types of mana based on the nature of the substance that is highly useful in Aushadha sevan matra. Therefore, for all purposes (pharmaceutical as well as therapeutic) the consideration of 'Mana' is essential. Be- cause of the greater significance laid upon 'Mana' in the field of medicine.
Keywords: Mana, Magadha mana, Kalinga mana, Pautavamana, Druvayamana, Payyaymana.
AMA FROM AYURVEDIC AND MODERN PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Kulkarni Archana Arun , Dohare Rashmi Arvindkumar
Published: December 2021

Agni is one of most powerful transformative principles of Ayurveda. Deranged Agni leads to the formation of Ama. Ama is responsible for causing most of the diseases in human beings. The disease produced, clinically mani- fests itself in form of various signs and symptoms. These signs and symptoms are the principal tools for a physi- cian to diagnose the disease and treat it promptly. On the basis of these symptoms, all diseases can be classified in Samavastha and Niramavastha. If an objective Parameter that could measure the severity of Ama is searched, it will prove to be an advantage for the physician, who could then catch the cause (Ama) and save patients from this harmful disease entity. A definite line of treatment of Ama can be planned after considering the symptoms and severity of the condition. Keeping this approach, the review is carried out to understand Ama from Ayurvedic and Modern perspectives. After reviewing it can be concluded that Ama has no direct correlation in modern science but can best be equated to 'toxins'. They may be endotoxins like enzymes, hormones, catalysts, etc. when these are unable to function properly or entirely, different metabolites are formed which are not acquired by the body. On further process these go on accumulating in different systems, affecting the normal mechanism of that respective
system or exotoxins produced by some bacteria or micro-organism when they enter into the body. Keyword: Agni, Ama, Toxin
AYURVEDIC CLINICAL APPROACH FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF AMAVATA (RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS)
Authors: Debnath Saroj Kumar , Barik Laxmidhar , Sahu Dipsundar , Das Debajyoti
Published: December 2021

In Ayurveda, Acharya Madhava Kar mentioned first the Amavata as a special disease entity. According to the clinical features and pathogenesis Amavata very closely resembles Rheumatoid arthritis. In Amavata, Ama (bio- toxin) and Vata (biophysical force or kinetics) are playing the most important role in the samprapti (pathogenesis) of this disease. The Chikitsa (management) of Amavata (Rheumatoid arthritis) is more clearly and precisely de- scribed in Chakradutta. Acharya Chakradatta was the pioneer in describing the principles of treatment for this disease, which are Langhana (body lightness procedure), Swedana (warm compress), drugs having Tikta-Katu Rasa (bitter-pungent taste) and Deepana (gastric stimulant) action, Virechana (purgation therapy), Snehapana (intake of grita or oil) and Anuvasana (enema with Ayurvedic oil) as well as Ksharabasti (enema with Ayurvedic alkali preparation).
Keywords: Amavata, Rheumatoid arthritis, Chikitsa, management, Chakradutta
MANAGEMENT OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE BY AYURVEDA – A LITERARY REVIEW
Authors: Bande Mahendra , Mishra Smriti S , Kolarkar Rajesh
Published: December 2021

Background – Antibiotic resistance is rising to dangerously high levels worldwide. WHO’s new Global Antimi- crobial Surveillance System (GLASS) reveals widespread occurrence of Antibiotic resistance among 500000 people with suspected bacterial infections across 22 countries. India is no different from it, facing the problem of rising cases of multidrug-resistant TB which adds to the burden of infectious disease in India. Aim – In this literary review problem, current scenario, causes and solution on Antibiotic Resistance from an Ayurvedic perspective will be assessed. Methodology - Articles on Antibiotic Resistance from research papers, journals, and various sites and basic principles from Samhitas and various Ayurvedic Journals, Articles and Research papers on this perspective will be reviewed. Conclusion – Conclusion will be drawn after a thorough literature review on the above subject.
Keywords- Antibiotic Resistance, Panchkarma, Rasayana
ECO – FRIENDLINESS OF AYURVEDA
Authors: Begum Shainaz , K.V Venkatakrishna , S. A Asha
Published: December 2021

Ayurveda is the old age science it is time tested which is still proven for today. Ayurveda mainly emphasizes both preventive and curative aspects the main aim of Ayurveda is “Swastasya Swasthya Rakshana Aturasya Vikara Prashamana” there has been more than hundreds of different treatment approaches said in Ayurveda. For preven- tion Dincharya, Ritucharya etc. mentioned, in curative aspect Shamana, Shodana have mentioned the waste gen- erated in all these procedures are organic and eco-friendly. Keywords: Eco-friendly, Environment, Environmental factors, Bio-medical waste, Ayurveda.
NEW DOSAGE FORM IN AYURVEDA - THERMO-SENSITIVE VAGINAL GEL OF PVK EXTRACT
Authors: Behera Kirtidhara , Sharma Usha , Mitra Shuchi , Sharma Khem Chand
Published: December 2021

Rasashastra & Bhaisajya Kalpana is the prime branch of Ayurveda because of the preparation of medicine described in this branch. In ancient times pharmacokinetics of the drug was described in the principle of Dosha and Dushya which is a comprehensive matter for Ayurvedic professionals. But for global acceptance, we need to describe this view (pharmacokinetics) in the form of pharmacological language and convert this ancient medicine in the form of new dosage forms like gel, granules, syrup etc. Panchavalkal Kashaya was described for the treatment of women disease wounds and ulcers in different Ayurvedic texts like Charaka Samhita, Sharangdhara Samhita, Kashyapa Samhita, Bharat Bhaisajya Ratnakar, Bhava-Prakash. In this article, an attempt has been made to describe how to prepare the thermo-sensitive vaginal gel form, of Panchavalkal Kashaya extract for the use of women diseases like leucorrhoea. The thermosensitive gel is in the liquid form at room temperature (20- 25°C) and undergoes gelation when in contact with body fluid (35-37°C). There are many thermo-sensitive polymers like cellulose derivatives, poloxamer, poly (ethylene oxide) /poly (D, L- lactic acid-glycolic acid).
Keywords: Ayurveda, Panchvalkal Kashaya, Thermo-sensitive gel, Charaka Samhita.
AYURVEDIC CONCEPT OF VAGINAL DISCHARGE: (YONIGATA STRAVA)
Authors: Pawshe Nisha Baban , Khalache Tinku-Ganesh P.
Published: December 2021

Vaginal discharge is one of the major problems encountered in gynaecological practice. It is a very common con- dition that has been experienced by most women of all ages, especially in childbearing or reproductive age. Vaginal discharge is a condition that causes great discomfort to a woman and hampers her normal activity. It is believed that vaginal discharges produce loss of strength & confidence, also there is the presence of fear that it may be due to malignancy. Nowadays it is essential to study differential diagnosis of vaginal discharge.
In Ayurvedic texts, various conditions giving rise to white discharge per vaginum had been described but the sub- ject was never dealt with as a separate entity. Therefore, in this study, an effort has been put forth to make a con- ceptual study covering almost all the aspects of Yonigata Strava as per Ayurveda as well as per modern.
Keywords: Leucorrhoea, Vaginal Discharges, Yonigata Strava.
VAYAHSTHAPANA DASHAKAYA - A REVIEW
Authors: L.A.W.J Chathurika , R.D.H Kulathunga
Published: December 2021

Vayahsthapana Dashakaya is a medicinal group including herbal plants and organic minerals mentioned in Ayur- veda authentic text Charaka Samhita. Amruta, Abhaya, Dhatri, Mukta, Shveta, Jivanti, Atirasa, Mandukaparni, Sthira, and Punarnava are the ten ingredients of Vayahsthapana Dashakaya. The majority of these ingredients contain Rasayana action which is beneficial in anti-ageing treatment. Through Rasayana treatment, which is also known as a promotive treatment, one can attain effects including longevity, youthful age, excellent lustre, and complexion. This study was focused to analyze the Pharmacodynamic, Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacological potentials of Vayahsthapana Dashakaya and their action in anti-ageing treatment. The contents were collected from authentic Ayurveda texts, monographs, dictionaries, websites, and research articles. Results of the study re- vealed that 80% possibility of Deepana action, Rasayana action (70%), Balya (50%), Medhya (50%), Hridya (40%), Vrushya (20%), and Brunhana (20%) were present as prominent actions of Vayahsthapana dashakaya which are beneficial in delaying the ageing process and its ill effects.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Rasayana, Vayahsthapana Dashakaya, Anti-ageing,
CONCEPT OF RASAYANA AND ITS UTILITY (REJUVENATION THERAPY): A REVIEW
Authors: Sethi Yatendra Kumar , Gill Gurpreet Kaur , singh Bhanu Pratap , C.R. Yadav
Published: December 2021

Ayurveda is preponderant and antique health science of prime importance. Being a health science, it adheres to an exclusive approach that is entirely different from contemporary science. It fulfils the goal of health by focusing on maintenance of health and treatment of disease as holistic. Rasayana is an important branch of Ayurveda. It is one of the eight branches of Ayurveda (Ashtanga Ayurveda). Rasayana is useful for persons of all age groups. It is equally important in the treatment of diseases as well as in maintaining health. Given this plethora of information, it can be rightly stated that Rasayana is a boon given to the world by Ayurveda. The description of Rasayana comes in detail in all the Ayurvedic texts. This branch of Ayurveda appears to have been practised in ancient lines as an important speciality aiming at rejuvenation and geriatric care. Rasayana is one of the eight branches of Ayurveda. Rasayana Chikitsa plays a critical role in the prevention as well as cure of the disease. In Ayurveda, too much importance is given to this branch that the chapters of Rasayana find a foremost place in the Charaka Samhita Chikitsa sthana whereas in Sushruta Samhita it is pushed back to chapters 27-30 of Chikitsa sthana. In Ashtanga Hridaya Rasayana does not find a special place in Chikitsa sthana and is described only briefly in the 39th chapter of Uttar Tantra. This reflects on the declining importance of Rasayana therapy in the Samhita period itself. In Sushruta Samhita, which is otherwise considered more precise and practical has given a competitively moderatedescription of the Rasayana in four chapters out of which two chapters deal with Divya Rasayana i.e., the divine drugs, which are not available today.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Ashtanga Ayurveda, Rasayana, Rejuvenation, Geriatric Care
CONCEPTUAL STUDY OF AROGYAVARDHINI VATI
Authors: Ghule Vrushali Dipak , Deshmukh Kavita , Jadhav Kalyani
Published: December 2021

Ayurveda is considered by many scholars to be the oldest healing science. In Sanskrit, Ayurveda means "The Sci- ence of Life". We are experiencing a renaissance of an ancient system of health promotion; disease prevention and treatment and this indigenous knowledge has transformative potential to heal mental and physical ailments but in maximum cases, there is a lack of data regarding their detailed mechanism of actions. The present study aims to compile all the information and literature regarding one of the classical formulations "Arogyavardhini Vati". It is official in the ayurvedic formulary of India and is safe and effective in hyperlipidaemia, ear discharge with its hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity. It is also used in jaundice, skin disorders, fevers, oedema, indigestion, and obesity. We will see the review of "Arogyavardhini Vati' in this article. Keywords: Arogyavardhini, Kustha.
A REVIEW ON THE ROLE OF VIRECHANA IN VARIOUS SKIN DISEASES
Authors: Thakur Kanchan , Singh Suneel Pal
Published: December 2021

Virechan is one of the Shodhan Chikitsa described in ayurvedic texts. It is mainly advised in the pitta and rakta Pradhan diseases. All skin diseases in ayurveda have been considered under kustha. At present time antibiotics and antifungal medicines are being resistant, so it is becoming difficult day by day to cure such skin diseases, but in Ayurveda, Virechan karma is a very powerful therapy to combat these diseases. Skin is the index of our body. Healthy skin represents a healthy body. Improper usage of foods and drinks along with unhealthy activities mani- fest diseases. Virechan karma is the second therapy in the sequence of panchakarmas, the most widely used pu- rificatory procedure especially for paitika and raktas diseases. It is also useful in the disorders in which pitta is associated with vata or kapha. Ayurveda states that sluggish liver (dysfunction of the liver) associated with doshic imbalance causes skin diseases. There are so many skin diseases that are not curable by other procedures. Accord- ing to Ayurveda Virechan karma is very much beneficial in curing the different obstinate skin diseases as psoria- sis, eczema, acne vulgaris, vitiligo, leukoderma etc. Ayurveda always looks to the root cause so the patient can restore their body to a healthy state and eliminate the symptoms of skin diseases. This article deals with various skin diseases and their treatment by using Virechan therapy.
Keywords: Virechan, Shodhanchikitsa, Skin Diseases, Psoriasis, Panchkarma,