bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Illegal crossing of the State Border of Ukraine: some aspects of elements of crime
Authors: Kuryliuk Yurii
Published: March 2020

The article analyzes elements of the crime covered by the Article 332-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, establishing criminal liability for illegal crossing of the State Border of Ukraine, and also discloses peculiarities of the criminal legal qualification of this action.

It is determined that as the patrimonial object of the crime under the Article 332-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine should be considered homogeneous social relations, covering a certain sphere of the public life that is the border security of Ukraine, violation of which causes socially dangerous harm to the components of this sphere that is defense of the State and its border protection, sovereignty, territorial integrity and inviolability. The direct object of this crime is the public relations, which provide for the normatively established and regulated procedure for crossing the State Border of Ukraine.

It has been established that the procedure for crossing the State Border of Ukraine may manifest itself in several forms: 1) by any means (by foot, by auto transport, by swimming etc.) outside the checkpoints across the State Border of Ukraine; 2) by any means (whether hidden or breaking through, or not) at checkpoints across the State Border of Ukraine without the relevant documents; 3) by any means (whether hidden or breaking through, or not) at checkpoints across the State Border of Ukraine with the documents, containing inaccurate information.

Should not be underestimated the blanket nature of the disposition of the mentioned article that requires precise determination of the relevant regulatory acts, determining the list of documents that are necessary for crossing the State Border of Ukraine by a certain category of people, and also confirm the fact of opening a specific checkpoint across the State Border of Ukraine.

The disposition of the Article 332-2 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine defines several groups of subjects, in particular: 1) a person who is prohibited from entering the territory of Ukraine; 2) a representative of a unit of the armed forces or other law enforcement agencies of the State who is an aggressor; 3) a person with the aim to illegally cross the State Border of Ukraine for harming the interests of the State. Moreover, it was established that the aim for “harming the interests of the State” is not necessary for the illegal crossing of the State Border of Ukraine by persons who are prohibited from entering the territory of Ukraine, or by representatives of a unit of the armed forces or other law enforcement agencies of the State who is an aggressor.

The criminalization of the illegal crossing of the State Border of Ukraine is an important aspect of creating conditions for the proper protection of the vital interests of an individual, the society and the State from real and potential external and internal threats in the border space of Ukraine.
Quantitative and qualitative indicators of shoplifting
Authors: Burda Oleksandr
Published: March 2020

The article presents the results of an empirical study of retail theft. The main basis of the study was the materials of the sample summarization of criminal proceedings and the adopted sentences of Ukrainian judges over the last four years.

On the basis of the obtained results an attempt was made to establish and analyze the most common quantitative and qualitative indicators of thefts committed in the retail network. The author found a significant increase in the level of thefts in the retail network. It has been suggested that there are possible causes for this growth. The substantiated explanations of the established phenomenon are given.

In assessing the actual crime rate, account is taken of the latency rates of thefts perpetrated in the retail network. The latency level was estimated based on the results of interviewing victims.

The analysis of qualitative indicators of crime was carried out by dividing the totality of thefts into certain homogeneous groups. It has been established that over the last five years there has been a tendency for an increase in the share of thefts in the retail network. It is stated that in 2018, every tenth theft in Ukraine was committed in the retail network

The time, place, the main ways of committing thefts in trading networks are separated. The seasonal nature of the investigated crimes is described. The seasonality of thefts is explained. It has been established that the most popular items that have been stolen over the last five years are: red / black caviar, chocolate, coffee. Alcohol was often stolen whiskey and brandy. Shaving supplies, toothbrushes and perfumes were stolen from the essentials.

The criminological analysis of the dynamics of thefts in the retail network was conducted. There was a slight fluctuation in the dynamics and an overall tendency to increase the number of crimes reported. It also analyzes the absolute growth, growth rate, and growth rate of thefts over the past five years.

An understanding of the price of thefts is justified. The main indicators of the amount of damage are given. The further prospects of scientific research on this issue are outlined.
The Genesis of Arbitration Laws and International Commercial Arbitration
Authors: Fedchyshyn Andriy
Published: March 2020

The article presents the historical development of arbitration law and international commercial arbitration. Arbitration, as one of the oldest institutes of alternative litigation, has repeatedly undergone fundamental changes regarding the procedure for its appointment, forms of exercise and the very subjects of litigation. The study of the periods of historical and legal formation of arbitration and arbitration courts in the territory of modern Ukraine made it possible to identify the basic prerequisites for the creation of such institutions, to determine the role of the state and the degree of participation of civil society in this long process. The peculiarities of expert support at each of the periods of historical and legal formation of arbitration and arbitration courts in the territory of modern Ukraine are indicated.

The formation of arbitral tribunals, as a form of resolution of legal conflicts, to some extent prevented the strengthening of centralized power, in particular the judiciary, the state could not coexist with a strong private jurisdiction that competed with the state judicial system.

The establishment of arbitral tribunals in the territory of modern Ukraine, as a modern toolkit for the implementation of alternative forms of justice, is a consequence of the long historical and legal development of the state and society, which was in some way influenced by a set of factors such as: the over-formalization of the judiciary (which often prevented the imposition of ); Western democracy (which accelerated the government's desire to reform and legislate democratic foundations); and certainly the ongoing development of civil society.

With the adoption of the Law of Ukraine “On Arbitration Courts” by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on May 11, 2004, for the purpose of the correct resolution of the dispute, the procedure for conducting expert examination was clarified for the first time to clarify issues requiring the use of special knowledge by an arbitral tribunal as an institution, as an appropriate non-state independent body. .

The use of alternative ways of resolving disputes is increasingly controversial in modern legal science. However, Ukraine's legal field allows alternative institutions to operate in accordance with international standards. The approaches to proving and assigning expertise in international arbitration practice vary, depending on the legal culture.
Problems issues on the application of the national courts of the European Court of Human Rights practice as a source of law
Authors: Soklakova Karina
Published: March 2020

The article explores the main problems of the application by the national courts of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights as a source of law. Analyzing the rules of the law and examining the views of the Supreme Court have highlighted the problematic issues of the obligation to apply the case law of the European Court of Human Rights to national courts as a source of law. The researchers' positions on the obligation of national courts to apply the case law of the European Court of Human Rights in cases against other states are examined and the importance of the application of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights is highlighted. Analyzing the views of scholars and experts, we have proposed ways to address the issues of the binding application of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights by reviewing the plenary sessions of high courts.

The problems of the application of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights by national courts, such as the selective application of the case law of the Court, references to general principles and interpretations, ignoring the conditions of their application, absolutization of the binding position of the Court, application of the decisions of the Court by analogy, reference to the practice Court in the presence of clear and consistent provisions of national law, etc. The following ways of solving these problems are proposed: 1) revising the concept and content of the Law of Ukraine "On the implementation of decisions and application of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights" and amending the legislation in order to bring it in line with the provisions of the new procedural legislation and modern ideas of theorists and practitioners about the legal nature of decisions The European Court of Human Rights; 2) preparing a resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court on the application of the Convention and the case-law of the Court, which should be based on a thorough analysis of the shortcomings and peculiarities of the case-law of the national courts.

The problematic issues of the application of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights in the absence of official translations of the Court's decisions are examined. Analyzing the views of scholars and experts, we have proposed ways to solve these problems by creating a single electronic database that will contain official translations of Court decisions in the Ukrainian language that will ensure their accessibility and dissemination.
On the coherent systems subject to Marshall-Olkin type shocks
Authors: OZKUT Murat , KAN Cihangir
Published: March 2020

Coherent systems and Marshall-Olkin run shock models are combined. Coherent systems consisting of n components receive some kind of shocks from n+1 different sources similar to Marshall-Olkin type. More precisely, when the component j receives k consecutive fatal shocks from the source j or k consecutive fatal shocks from the source n+1, it fails, j = 1, …,n. When the interarrival time of shocks has phase-type distribution, reliability, mean time to failure (MTTF) and mean residual life (MRL) function of the coherent systems are studied. Numerical examples and graphical representations are provided.
Siacci's Theorem for Frenet Curves in Minkowski 3-Space
Authors: ÖZEN Kahraman Esen
Published: March 2020

For motion of a material point along a space curve, due to Siacci [1], a resolution of the acceleration vector is well known. In this resolution, the acceleration vector is stated as the sum of two special oblique components in the osculating plane to the curve. In this paper, we have studied the Siacci’s theorem for non-relativistic particles moving along the Frenet curves at very low speeds relative to the speed of light in Minkowski 3-space. Moreover, an illustrative example is given to show how the aforesaid theorem works. This theorem is a new contribution to the field and it may be useful for some specific applications in mathematical and computational physics.
Integrability for the Rotation Minimizing Formulas in Euclidean 3-Space and Its Applications
Authors: Yerlikaya Fırat , Aydemir İsmail
Published: March 2020

We analyze integrability for the derivative formulas of the rotation minimizing frame in the Euclidean 3-space from a viewpoint of rotations around axes of the natural coordinate system. We give a theorem that presents only one component of the indirect solution of the rotation minimizing formulas. Using this theorem, we find a lemma which states the necessary condition for the indirect solution to be a steady solution. As an application of the lemma, the natural representation of the position vector field of a smooth curve whose the rotation minimizing vector field (or the Darboux vector field) makes a constant angle with a fixed straight line in space is obtained. Also, we realize that general helices using the position vector field consist of slant helices and Darboux helices in the sense of Bishop.
L’eau pluviale dans la rénovation de nos cités, étude de cas : l’Arlequin de la Villeneuve à Grenoble
Authors: DELLINGER F. , MORONNOZ T.
Published: March 2020

L’objet du projet présenté, support de réflexion et d’expérimentation, est la prise en compte de la gestion des eaux pluviales par infiltration dans le cadre de la rénovation urbaine d’un quartier en politique de la ville où, jusqu’à présent, toutes les eaux collectées étaient renvoyées aux réseaux. L’étude de cas est celle de la rénovation des espaces publics sur une surface de 7 ha du quartier de l’Arlequin de la Villeneuve à Grenoble en 2017 et 2018, pour un montant d’investissement de 6,50 M€ HT. En partenariat avec les services de la métropole de Grenoble, les espaces réaménagés sont progressivement déconnectés du réseau, qui, en conséquence, est pour partie abandonné. Le travail porte autant sur les expérimentations des systèmes de gestion hydrauliques en renouvellement urbain que sur le développement conjoint d’un projet urbain et paysager, sur l’évolution des palettes végétales, sur le confort des espaces publics et la réduction des îlots de chaleur, sur la sécurité et sur la gestion de la voiture dans le quartier.
Human Astrovirus among Children with Cancer in Basrah
Authors: Jassim Morroge , Hasan Janan , Hasony Hassan
Published: March 2020

Background. The impairment of the T-lymphocyte system leads to reduced viral clearance, resulting in intensified disease and the possibility of prolonged infection.(2) The poor functioning of B lymphocytes makes the host susceptible to bacterial and viral infections, especially in cases of malignant disease.
Aim of the study. The present study set out to determine the frequency of human astrovirus infection among patients who suffered from malignancies who were being treated in the Oncology Center of the Basrah Children’s Specialty Hospital.
Patients and Method. A cross-sectional study was approved for a population of children with cancers during the period from October 1, 2015 through the end of January, 2016. Forty-five children (24 females and 21 males), all with cancers, were admitted to the Oncology Center of Basrah Children’s Specialty Hospital. Their ages ranged from under 1 year to 15 years. According to the results of a specially designed questionnaire, data were obtained from patients who were either symptomatic or asymptomatic for human astrovirus infections, including 3 newly diagnosed cases (before chemotherapy) and 38 cases (during chemotherapy), with the remaining 4 cases admitted after chemotherapy. Ninety stool samples were collected at day 0 and day 4 after admission, and all were tested using astrovirus antigen enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) kits (EIA-4456).
Results. On both days, the rate of astrovirus infections was 15.6% in the hospitalized children with cancers, and there were no statically significant differences between hematological malignancies and solid tumors (P value was 0.857). Among hematological malignancies, astrovirus was detected at a significant rate (the P value was 0.0001) in patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia, while patients with solid tumors exhibited significant expression of rhabdomyosarcoma (the P value was 0.001).
Astrovirus infection was more prevalent in females (85.8%) than in males (the P value was 0.001). Infection was most prevalent in the age group of >1–5 years (57%), and most of the infected patients (85.8%) were from rural areas (the P value was 0.012). In most of the symptomatic infected cases (71.4%) the symptom was acute diarrhea (the P value was 0.05), and this was typically during chemotherapy.
Conclusion. Astrovirus infections occur at significant rates in acute myeloblastic leukemia, among hematological malignancies, and in patients with rhabdomyosarcoma, in the solid-tumor category. Therefore, astrovirus screening should be done for all children with cancers, and especially for patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia or rhabdomyosarcoma.
Keywords: Cancer in children, human astrovirus
Assess Teachers and Students’ Interaction in Campus
Authors: Wang Whe-Min , Chang Horng-Jinh , Wang Tan-Ni
Published: March 2020

There are 3 combinations of teacher-student interaction in school, for the purpose to understand what Interactional deficiency happened in campus, we examined these 3 combinations, 358 college students joined the investigated to find out what they want and what bother them most. We found that there really problems between teachers and students. Besides, from co- authorship network analysis, we found there are also quite a few gaps among college teachers. We collected co-authorship data from 85 journal papers in the field of industrial and management science (IMS) with a time span of twenty years (1997-2016). A bibliometric network is constructed and UCINET 6 applied to calculate three centrality measures (out-degree, in-degree, and betweenness) for individual authors in this network. Also discussed the two subjects I taught to find out students’ learning effectiveness. The results confirm our argument and the mechanism is discussed.
Exploring the Impact of Openness on Inflation in Taiwan: Mediation Analysis With A Quantile Approach
Authors: Hsu Tzu-Kuang
Published: March 2020

This paper adopts an innovative method, which is totally different from the past research studies, combining mediation analysis and a quantile regression to examine the impact of openness on inflation whether through money supply or not from 1961 to 2019 in Taiwan. The result of the traditional ordinary least square approach shows that Taiwan’s trade openness affects inflation through the full mediation effect of money supply for the period of 1961-2019 and there is no direct relation between trade openness and inflation. However, the results of this innovative approach indicate that Taiwan’s trade openness affects inflation through the partial mediation effect of money supply at 0.3 and 0.5 distributions of inflation. This result indicates that trade openness not only does directly affect inflation, but also indirectly affects inflation through the money supply
Development of fluorinated benzils and bisbenzils as room-temperature phosphorescent molecules
Authors: Yamada Shigeyuki , Higashida Takuya , Wang Yizhou , Morita Masato , Hosokai Takuya , Maduwantha Kaveendra , Koswattage Kaveenga Rasika , Konno Tsutomu
Published: March 2020

Pure organic phosphorescent molecules are attractive alternatives to transition metal complexes-based phosphores for biomedical and technological applications owing to their abundance and nontoxicity. This article discloses the design, synthesis, and photophysical property of fluorinated benzil and bisbenzil derivatives as potential pure organic room-temperature phosphorescent molecules. These compounds were separately converted from the corresponding fluorinated bistolanes via PdCl2-catalyzed oxidation by dimethyl sulfoxide, while non-fluorinated bistolane provided the corresponding bisbenzil derivatives exclusively in a similar manner. Intensive investigation of the photophysical properties of the benzil and bisbenzil derivatives in toluene at 25 °C showed both fluorescence with a photoluminescence (PL) band at a maximum wavelength (λPL) of around 400 nm and phosphorescence with a PL band at a λPL of around 560 nm. Interestingly, intersystem crossing effectively caused fluorinated benzils to emit phosphorescence, which may be due to immediate spin-orbit coupling involving the 1(n, π)→3(π, π) transition, unlike the case of fluorinated or non-fluorinated bisbenzil analogues. These findings would become useful tool to develop novel pure organic room-temperature phosphorescent materials.
Repetitive presuppositions with again: Un-severing the external argument
Authors: Ausensi Josep , Yu Jianrong , Smith Ryan Walter
Published: March 2020

Since Marantz (1984) and Kratzer (1996), it has been widely accepted in the literature on argument structure that agents are introduced as external arguments via a functional head VOICE through secondary predication, using semantic composition rules like EVENT IDENTIFICATION. The widely cited evidence for such a position is the fact that while internal arguments can condition special semantic interpretations of the surface verb, agents never do. In this paper, we present evidence against such a view, arguing that a well-defined class of verbs can impose intentionality entailments and also require representation of the agent argument internally within their lexical semantics. The crucial empirical evidence we utilize is modification by again, specifically the range of available repetitive presuppositions it can introduce. We show that again behaves differently with respect to how its repetitive presupposition can be satisfied by verbal roots whose agent argument is introduced externally versus verbal roots that must entail intentionality and representation of its agent argument. Together with widely accepted assumptions about the syntax and semantics of again-modification, we argue that not all external arguments can be severed from the verbal root.
Aguaruna speculative clause: Evidentiality meets focus
Authors: Rozonoyer Benjamin
Published: March 2020

The speculative clause in Aguaruna presents us with two distinctive and interacting semantic phenomena – evidentiality and focus – both of which have been objects of recent interest cross-linguistically. Following the alternative semantics theory of focus developed by Rooth (1992), I analyze Aguaruna's alternating speculative focus enclitics, and incorporate the evidentiality-focus complex into a compositional semantics for Aguaruna. By formally modeling the interplay of evidentiality and focus, this analysis hopes to glean a more precise understanding of each phenomenon individually, and to contribute to a more complete typology of both.
Predicting object mass nouns across languages
Authors: Erbach Kurt
Published: March 2020

The hypothesis explored in this paper is that the amount of object mass nouns (e.g., furniture, jewelry) in a given language is related to the amount of morphosyntax that indicates the countability of nouns (e.g., many, much) in that language. This hypothesis, together with the analysis of Sutton & Filip (2016) best captures the occurrence of object mass nouns across languages. The analysis of Sutton & Filip (2016) accurately predicts which class of nouns will have object mass nouns across languages—collective artifacts—and the novel hypothesis provides a means of predicting the amount of object mass nouns in a given language: languages with many morphosyntactic reflexes of the mass/count distinction will likewise have many object mass nouns—e.g. English—and languages with few morphosyntactic reflexes of the mass/count distinction will likewise have few object mass nouns—e.g., Greek, Hungarian, and Japanese.
On interpretation of resultatives with locative alternation verbs
Authors: Nakazawa Tsuneko
Published: March 2020

Resultative phrases in Japanese are generally believed to be predicated of the object of transitive verbs just like English counterparts (e.g., I painted the car yellow). However, some exceptions are also known in which resultatives describe an oblique argument (e.g., otoko-wa kabe-ni penki-o akaku nutta ‘the man smeared paint on the wall (so that the wall became) red)'. Using BCCWJ-NT corpus data, this paper shows that resultatives with locative alternation verbs in Japanese are generally interpreted as description of the argument that is lexically specified to undergo a change of state, rather than of the direct object.
*ABA effects in kinship allomorphy & syncretism
Authors: Truong Tran
Published: March 2020

Morphological contiguity domains are pockets of natural language grammar wherein formal irregularity in one component predicts co-irregularity in a related, and often more marked, component. At the surface level, they foreclose certain allomorphic and/or distributional possibilities, producing so-called *ABA effects. Contiguity phenomena have been documented in the study of comparatives, case, pronouns, tense/aspect, inter multa alia. To this expanding list, this study adds kinship. It shall be shown that nonsingular pronouns in Lower Arrernte exemplify an apparent *ABA allomorphy-constraining distribution in which the agnate-disharmonic and non-agnate forms must co-supplete. An implementation using toy features demonstrates that the emergence of at least some *ABA patterns may be artifactual of how a paradigm is set up, and that Lower Arrernte nonsingulars do not instantiate Bobaljik (2012)'s containment hypothesis. These results are consonant with a picture of contiguity effects as a group of etiologically and derivationally heterogeneous phenomena, instead of an unambiguous diagnostic for syntactic hierarchical structure.
Begging for bags: BAG-raising and prescriptive ideologies in Spokane Washington
Authors: Crosby Drew , Dalola Amanda
Published: March 2020

Prevelar raising, the raising of /æ/ and /ɛ/ before /g/ and /ŋ/, has been noted during the last decade as a feature of Pacific Northwest English (PNWE). Previous research has focused mainly on gender and age as predictors, revealing a complex interplay that generally points to a decline in usage among younger generations. The present research reveals contradictory findings and identifies a novel category in the debate—speaker attitude towards the variable—which is found to condition it more robustly than other established predictors.
Standard language ideology is alive and well in public speaking textbooks
Authors: De Cuba Carlos , Slocum Poppy
Published: March 2020

For more than 50 years, the field of linguistics has recognized the equality of human languages, including all dialects of all languages. In this study we examine how current popular public speaking textbooks handle issues of linguistic variation in English. We looked specifically at textbook discussions of accent, grammar and pronunciation. Unfortunately, we have found that the majority of textbooks we examined serve to maintain the outdated “deficit” model of language variation, to the detriment of students.
The aspectual distribution and modal licensing in Russian infinitival constructions
Authors: Melnikova Anna
Published: March 2020

The puzzle to be explored here is why Russian Modal Dative Infinitival Constructions (DMCs) are restricted in their aspectual choice. Specifically, in declarative environments, only imperfective is grammatical. Perfective requires non-veridical environments. This paper offers a unified account for the aspectual distribution in DMCs in terms of licensing conditions on a covert future modal. Extending Todorović and Wurmbrand’s (2016) analysis of future infinitives to Russian DMCs, I propose that the difference between perfective and imperfective structures is attributed to the absence/presence of the present tense. The main claim is that similar to English and BCS future tense constructions, DMCs involve a covert future modal (e.g, need), which needs to be licensed by non-veridical operators when the infinitival DMC lacks the tense components. The licensing conditions on covert future modals lay the foundation to understanding the aspectual distribution in infinitival structures across languages.
A unified approach to domains in word- and phrase-level phonology
Authors: Harðarson Gísli Rúnar
Published: March 2020

This paper discusses parallels between the conditioning of phonological processes at the word- and phrase-level. The approach taken here is a direct reference approach in which apparent mismatches between morphosyntactic domains and phonological domains are derived from the spell-out procedure. The analysis relies on two main ingredients, i) inclusion of the output of spell-out in subsequent cycles, and ii) layering of concatenation. Under (i), the phonological output of spell-out is visible and can be affected, however the internal structure is not. This can yield the effects of phonological domains extending beyond the morphosyntactic domain. Under (ii), processes are specified to apply at either early or late concatenation, where early and late concatenation are determined by the selectional relationship between the elements, limiting the application of phonological processes within the spell-out domain. This is first illustrated by the application of umlauts in Icelandic and then this approach is extended to penultimate vowel lengthening (PVL) in Zulu.
Adjective ordering in Arabic: Post-nominal structure and subjectivity-based preferences
Authors: Kachakeche Zeinab , Scontras Gregory
Published: March 2020

Adults have a collective tendency to choose certain adjective orderings in nominals with multiple adjectives. For example, English-speaking adults prefer the order big blue box over blue big box; they are uncomfortable with the latter ordering, yet they are unable to articulate why. Scontras, Degen & Goodman (2017) showed that subjectivity is a robust predictor of adjective ordering preferences in English. That is, less subjective adjectives are preferred closer to the noun. In the example big blue box, big is more subjective than blue, so it is preferred farther from the noun. This paper investigates adjective ordering preferences in Arabic, a language with post-nominal adjectives (i.e., a language where adjectives occur after the noun they modify). We have found that native speakers of Arabic have adjective ordering preferences, and, like English, these preferences are predicted by subjectivity. In addition to establishing the preference baseline in monolingually-raised Arabic speakers, we also ask what happens to ordering preferences in heritage speakers: bilinguals who shifted their language dominance from Arabic to English early in childhood.
Too little, too late: A longitudinal study of English corrective focus by Mandarin speakers
Authors: Yeung Alex Hong-Lun , Baek Hyunah , Takahashi Chikako , Buttner Stephen , Hwang Jiwon , Broselow Ellen
Published: March 2020

This study tracks the production of English corrective focus by Mandarin speakers (MS) living in the US over a two-year period. We show that the MS differed from English speakers (ES) in the alignment of the corrective focus pitch accent: while ES productions typically showed a pitch peak on the stressed syllable, followed by an abrupt fall, the pitch rise and fall for MS was later and less steep. While the MS productions became more English-like over time in some respects, the failure to correctly align pitch accent persisted over time. We argue that this misalignment of pitch peak cannot be attributed to a lack of sensitivity to English stress, but rather represents a common failure to master the complex timing patterns involved in synchronizing pitch, intensity, and duration cues with segmental structure in a second language.
The status of word-final phonetic phenomena
Authors: Rouch Megan , Lunden Anya
Published: March 2020

The right edge of the word is a known domain for processes like phonological devoicing. This has been argued to be the effect of analogy from higher prosodic domains, rather than an in situ motivated change (Hock 1999, Hualde and Eager 2016). Phonetic word-level phenomena of final lengthening and final devoicing have been found to occur natively word-finally (Lunden 2006, 2017, Nakai et al. 2009) despite claims that they have no natural phonetic pressure originating in this position (Hock 1999). We present the results of artificial language learning studies that seek to answer the question of whether phonetic-level cues to the word-final position can aid in language parsing. If they do, it provides evidence that listeners can make use of word-level phonetic phenomena, which, together with studies that have found them to be present, speaks to their inherent presence at the word level. We find that adult listeners are better able to recognize the words they heard in a speech stream, and better able to reject words that they did not hear, when final lengthening was present at the right edge of the word. Final devoicing was not found to give the same boost to parsing.
Homophone auditory processing in cross-linguistic perspective
Authors: Lu Youtao , Morgan James L.
Published: March 2020

Previous studies reported conflicting results for the effects of homophony on visual word processing across languages. On finding significant differences in homophone density in Japanese, Mandarin Chinese and English, we conducted two experiments to compare native speakers’ competence in homophone auditory processing across these three languages. A lexical decision task showed that the effect of homophony on word processing in Japanese was significantly less detrimental than in Mandarin and English. A word-learning task showed that native Japanese speakers were the fastest in learning novel homophones. These results suggest that language-intrinsic properties influence corresponding language processing abilities of native speakers.
Southern Pomo syncope is metrically conditioned: Metrical opacity and stratal derivation
Authors: Kaplan Max J.
Published: March 2020

Southern Pomo displays a process of rhythmic vowel deletion that appears to be sensitive to a metrical structure that is incompatible with surface stress, and is thus metrically opaque. This pattern implicates a metrical reversal, which is best accounted for by re-ranking constraints at different derivational stages in Stratal OT. The first stratum defines weak positions by building structure from left to right, while the second stratum deletes vowels in those weak positions and reassigns prominence from right to left. Some prior work has asserted that stratal models of rhythmic phonotactics overgenerate, making typologically strange predictions. This literature has argued that cases like Southern Pomo should instead be analyzed in surface-oriented, parallel systems. This paper demonstrates that Southern Pomo syncope cannot be generated in parallel, nor in derivational frameworks that are more restrictive, i.e. Harmonic Serialism. This work suggests strata are necessary, with further evidence coming from phrasal and word-internal processes, and diachronic change.
Perceptual dissimilation of /l/ and (not) /n/
Authors: Hall Nancy , Godinez Bianca , Walsh Megan , Garcia Sarah , Carmona Araceli
Published: March 2020

We test Ohala’s (1993) hypothesis that phonological dissimilation can result from perceptual errors. Using a task in which American English speakers hear and orthographically transcribe nonce words, we test whether they are more likely to omit an acoustically present /l/ or /n/ when heard in a word where another token of the same sound is present. We find that this is the case for /l/ but not for /n/. These results mirror the actual prevalence of dissimilation in American English, where /l/-dissimilation occurs occasionally, but /n/-dissimilation rarely or never.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS’ LEARNING STYLES AND STUDENTS’ ENGLISH LINGUISTIC INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Rezeki Tri Indah , Sagala Rakhmat Wahyudin , Damanik Rabukit
Published: March 2020

Learning style is the key to develop processes in working, learning at school, and interaction social with people. Each students has different learning style types and it influences students’ English linguistic intelligence forming. The aim of this study is to find out kinds of learning styles and the correlation to their linguistic intelligence at Eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Binjai Kab. Langkat. This study was correlation research that used to know whether there was a correlation between learning styles and English linguistic intelligence at Eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Binjai Kab. Langkat. This study was done by taking 50 respondents at Eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Binjai Kab. Langkat that had English linguistic intelligence based on random sampling. The collecting of data in this study used questioner method. The technique of data analysis in this study used correlation product moment. The result of study showed that rhitung from correlation between learning styles (Visual, Auditory, and Kinesthetic) and English linguistic intelligence were bigger than rtabel (0.564, 0.656, 0.495) to N=50 by its sig 0% with the result that H0 was refused and Ha was accepted that had mean there was a significant correlation between learning styles and English linguistic intelligence at Eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Binjai Kab. Langkat. The result showed the students had varieties frequencies of English linguistic intelligence because it was appropriate by learning styles that they had. It can be concluded there is a correlation between learning styles and English linguistic intelligence at Eleventh grade students of SMA N 1 Binjai Kab. Langkat. Keywords: Learning Styles, English Linguistic Intelligence
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH PROGRAM LINIER DENGAN MEMAMFAATKAN SOFTWARE QM PADA MAHASISWA STKIP BUDIDAYA BINJAI
Authors: Harleni Silvia , Susilawaty Enny
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan model Problem Based Learning terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah program linier dengan memanfaatkan software QM pada mahasiswa STKIP Budidaya Binjai. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen, dengan desain penelitian pre-test and post-test control group design. Program QM dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alat bantu dalam pembelajaran pemrograman linier tanpa melupakan pentingnya penguasaan konsep, teori, dan prosedur. Data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan uji regresi sederhana. Rata-rata nilai tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika mahasiswa kelas eksperimen sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran adalah 60,63 dan 81,36. Pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji-r, setelah dilakukan perhitungan diperoleh nilai rhitung  kemampuan pemecahan masalah mahasiswa kelas eksperimen adalah 0,86, sedangkan nilai rtabel adalah 0,388. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat efektivitas penggunaan model Problem Based Learning terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah program linier dengan memanfaatkan software QM pada mahasiswa STKIP Budidaya Binjai.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MULTIMEDIA BERBASIS KOMPUTER TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI PADA MATERI POKOK SISTEM REPRODUKSI MANUSIA DI SMA AL-ULUM MEDAN
Authors: M.Pd Khairina Afni
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh penggunaan multimedia berbasis komputer terhadap hasil belajar biologi pada materi pokok sistem reproduksi manusia di kelas XI IPA SMA Al-Ulum Medan. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap siswa SMA Al-Ulum semester genap tahun pembelajaran 2017/2018, dengan melakukan pengajaran menggunakan multimedia berbasis komputer sebagai kelas eksperimen dan pengajaran menggunakan charta sebagai kelas kontrol pada materi pokok sistem reproduksi manusia.            Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan teknik pengambilan data sampel total, dimana jumlah populasi sama dengan sampel yaitu seluruh siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Al-Ulum Medan yang terdiri dari 2 kelas yang masing-masing berjumlah 38 orang, sehingga total seluruh sampel adalah 76 orang.            Alat pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah tes yang berbentuk pilihan berganda sebanyak 25 soal dengan 5 pilihan (a, b, c, d dan e) sebelum item tes digunakan sebagai instrument, terlebih dahulu peneliti mengujikan soal tersebut ke siswa yang berbeda untuk mengetahui validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Dari hasil pengujian diperoleh 25 soal yang valid dan memiliki reliabilitas tes yang tinggi. Setelah instrument diujikan diperoleh bahwa sampel berdistribusi normal, dan mempunyai varians yang sama (homogen).            Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan multimedia berbasis komputer lebih tinggi daripada pengajaran menggunakan charta, dimana diperoleh  dan SD  untuk multimedia berbasis komputer, sedangkan untuk pengajaran menggunakan charta diperoleh dan SD . Sedangkan persentase peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen sebesar 26,52% dan persentase peningkatan kelas kontrol sebesar 9,4%. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan tact>ttable (5,43 > 1,995). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh penggunaan multimedia berbasis komputer terhadap hasil belajar biologi siswa pada materi pokok sistem reproduksi manusia kelas XI IPA SMA Al-Ulum Medan tahun pembelajaran 2017/2018.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERSEPSI GURU TENTANG KONDISI FISIK LINGKUNGAN KERJA DENGAN MOTIVASI PRESTASI GURU SMK ABDI NEGARA BINJAI TAHUN PEMBELAJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: M.Si Nurul Hasanah
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMK Abdi Negara Binjai pada tahun 2018. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 31 orang guru. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan random sampling. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan jenis  penelitian  kuantitatif dengan alat ukur berupa skala lingkungan kerja dan skala motivasi berprestasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah korelasi product moment dari pearson dengan menggunakan SPSS (Statitical Package For The  Social Sciene) 20.0 For Windows Program. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh nilai korelasinya atau p = 0,000 yang p <0,05 maka yang artinya ada hubungan yang signifikan antara lingkungan kerja dengan motivasi prestasi. Nilai variabel motivasi prestasi terdistribusi  secara normal dengan nilai p > 0,05 ( 0,967 > 0,05 ). Dan nilai variabel lingkungan kerja terlihat secara normal dengan nilai  p > 0,05 ( 0,978 > 0,05 ). Nilai linearitas sebesar 1,000 atau p > 0,05 yang artinya kedua variabel berhubungan secara signifikan. Hasil reliabilitas menggunakan formula koefisien Crobach’Alpha di nyatakan tinggi jika mendekati angka 1, skala lingkungan kerja 0,940 dan skala motivasi prestasi 0,931 dan dua skala tersebut dapat dilihat bahwa reliabilitas skala sangat kuat karena nilai reliabilitas mendekati angka 1. Analisis ini dengan mengkorelasikan masing-masing skor item dengan skor total. Dan hasil validasi skala lingkungan kerja dari 40 skala yang di uji terdapat 6 item yang tidak valid artinya p < 0,025, sedangkan skala motivasi prestasi dari 40 item yang di uji terdapat 5 item yang tidak valid.
HUBUNGAN KETERLIBATAN ORANGTUA DENGAN PERENCANAAN KARIR SISWA KELAS XI SMK SWASTA AN-NAAS BINJAI TAHUN PELAJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Simarmata Sari Wardani
Published: March 2020

Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterlibatan orangtua dengan perencanaaan karis siswa di SMK AN-NAAS BINJAI Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif korelasional yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui antara variable bebas yaitu keterlibatan orangtua dengan variable terikat yaitu perencanaan karir. Dengan populasi berjumlah 120 siswa, terdiri dari 5 kelas dan yang menjadi sampel 30 siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode korelasi. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui skala mengenai keterlibatan orangtua dengan perencanaan karir siswa. Sebelum dilakukan pengujian hipotesis terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji normlitas dan uji linearitas. Untuk menguji hipotesis digunakan rumus product moment. Dari hasil uji hipotesis yaitu nilai r hitung > r tabel yaitu 0,450 > 0,361  dapat disimpulkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara keterlibatan orangtua dengan perencanaan karir siswa SMK AN-NAAS Binjai Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019.
HUBUNGAN PROFESI ORANG TUA DENGAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI SMK NURUL HUDA PADANG TUALANG TAHUN PELAJARAN 2018 / 2019
Authors: MA Hadi Widodo
Published: March 2020

Seiring dengan hal itu banyak pertanyaan yang timbul mengapa orang tua khawatir anak-anaknya tidak berprestasi, apakah motivasi belajarnya 2 rendah atau mutu pendidikan di sekolah yang kurang baik atau aktivitas orang tua yang terlalu sibuk sehingga sedikit waktu untuk belajar bersama mereka.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI Nurul Huda Padang Tualang yang berjumlah 35  orang . Apabila jumlah subjeknya kurang dari 100 maka lebih baik diambil semua sehingga penelitiannya merupakan penelitian populasi.Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai rhitung > rtabel sehingga Ho ditolak, dan Ha diterima maka ada hubungan antara profesi orang tua dengan Kemandirian Belajar  siswa kelas XI SMK Nurul Huda Padang Tualang tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Nilai rata-rata hasil angket/kusioner profesi orang tua sebesar 38,9 sedangkan nilai rata-rata angket/kusioner Kemandirian Belajar  siswa sebesar 37,7.Dari hasil perhitungan di dapat rhitung sebesar 0,374 sedangkan pada rtabel taraf 5% sebesar 0,334. Jadi dapat di simpulkan bahwa nilai rhitung > rtabel sehingga Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima maka ada hubungan antara profesi orang tua dengan Kemandirian Belajar  siswa kelas XI SMK Nurul Huda Padang Tualang tahun pelajaran 2018/2019.
THE EFFECT OF REAL MEDIA ON THE STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN WRITING PROCEDURE TEXT OF THE EIGHTH YEAR STUDENTS OF SMP SWASTA DEWANTARA PUTRA SEBERTUNG AT ACADEMIC YEAR 2018/2019
Authors: M.Hum Efrini Panjaitan
Published: March 2020

The study deals with an experimental research design which seeks for the effect of real media on students’ ability in writing procedure text. The problems that had been identified by the writer are including many of junior high school students have difficulties in understanding the genres of text, they still get lack of vocabularies which makes the students difficult to compose any kinds of text, the procedural texts seem hard for students to comprehend without any practical media, the written language is more complicated than spoken one, and teacher does not have very effective strategy to overcome the students’ inability in learning procedural text. 70 students at the eighth year students at SMP Swasta Dewantara Putra Sebertung in academic year of 2018/2019 are taken as the subject of the study. Multiple choices are used to obtain the data on the variable. The final data then is analyzed by using technique of t-test analysis. The result shows that coefficient of tcounted (3.37) was greater than the ttable coefficient (1.66757). This means that there is the effect of real media on students’ ability in writing procedure text of the 2018/2019 eighth year students of SMP Swasta Dewantara Putra Sebertung. Therefore, the hypothesis of the study is accepted.