bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential for Hydraulic Fracture when Drilling in Dams and Levees
Authors: Schaefer Jeffrey A.
Published: November 2022

Hydraulic fracturing of embankment dams or levees and their soil foundations is a real concern when invasive techniques are used for investigation and remediation. Methods using water, drilling mud, compressed air, and grout have resulted in fracturing of the embankments or foundations as evidenced by cracking, loss of circulation, connections to other borings, and blowouts on embankment slopes. Numerous incidents have been documented in the literature, but many more undocumented cases are likely to have occurred. To predict the occurrence of hydraulic fracture, a practical model required by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers regulations was compared to laboratory and field data. The model requires estimation of the total minor principal stress and the undrained shear strength of the soil. Methods for estimating these parameters are discussed. Pressure measurement and comparison to the correct limiting pressures, in terms of total stress, are critical factors in the evaluation of hydraulic fracture potential and the potential to damage underground structures. Decisions to drill into dams and levees should be made only after proper evaluation of the risk. Drilling techniques that do not require fluids should be used when possible. If fluids are required, then pressures should be limited to gravity. If higher pressures must be used, then the pressures must be measured, and efforts must be made to keep them below the estimated threshold for hydraulic fracture.
Diseño de un sistema de costos de producción para la imprenta Grafiflex Perú S.A.C. ubicada en Santa María de Huachipa (Lima-Perú)
Authors:   , Tanta Taboada Lucero Lizeth , Correa Davila Yenny Smith , Ortiz Pecho Keyla Sofia , Perez Tambine Elizabeth Karin , Melendez Parco Maribel
Published: November 2022

El siguiente trabajo investigativo tuvo como propósito principal diseñar un sistema de costos para la imprenta GRAFIFLEX PERÚ S.A.C. ubicada en Santa María de Huachipa, así como también establecer el costo real de producción, evaluar el sistema en la elaboración de los productos y analizar la utilidad real. Para la determinación de precios de las etiquetas se elaboró un sistema de costos estándar, ajustado de acuerdo con el rubro de la empresa, detallando la cantidad exacta de medidas aplicadas para la fabricación de cada producto, así como también la cantidad de suministros e insumos que se usarán en la fabricación de cada tipo de etiqueta. Con base en los datos obtenidos, se ha tomado en consideración el costeo de materia prima directa; así como, la mano de obra y los costos indirectos de fabricación, donde se especifican los costos reales a invertir. De esta manera la imprenta tiene la posibilidad de ejecutar adecuadamente el sistema para fijar los precios más competitivos y adecuados para las etiquetas, en conformidad con los costos empleados.
Plan de marketing: galletas de tocosh Deli-cosh
Authors:   , Guerrero Linares Lester Alexander , Correa Sanchez Mercy Shirley , Quispe Quispe Brus Jaruka
Published: November 2022

En el presente trabajo se desarrolló el plan de marketing para la empresa Nutrival Corporation S.A.C. y su marca de galletas Deli-Cosh, con el objetivo de convertirse en líder del mercado peruano. El hecho de que se pretenda lanzar la marca Deli-Cosh nos impulsó a desarrollar este plan; comenzando con una investigación interna, su estrategia y compromiso con el futuro de la empresa; sus fortalezas y cuáles son las principales amenazas o debilidades que debe tener siempre una empresa de este tamaño en el entorno competitivo para seguir creciendo y liderar el mercado. Se realizó un diagnóstico a la organización para comprender sus diferencias claves en comparación con la competencia; esto le permitiría ofrecer a sus clientes la mayor oferta de valor y ganar su confianza, apoyo y lealtad. Iniciamos una evaluación exhaustiva de la variedad de marcas de galletas para identificar las principales oportunidades o áreas de mejora, con el objetivo de conocer las preferencias de los consumidores sobre este tipo de producto, tiempo de consumo, canales de compra, productos alternativos, publicidad, etc. Para obtener información precisa sobre los aspectos antes mencionados, se realizó una investigación de mercado, en la que se obtuvieron datos cuantitativos y cualitativos a través de focus group y encuestas al público objetivo identificado. Se finalizó con la formulación del plan estratégico y financiero, que apuntan a aprovechar al máximo toda la información para que la marca Deli-Cosh, de lanzarse al mercado, logre un crecimiento en ventas que permita estar al mismo nivel que la competencia.
Efecto en la estabilidad dimensional de impresiones con diferentes alginatos al ser sometidos a tres desinfectantes viricidas
Authors:   , Chavarry Vasquez Tania Carolina
Published: November 2022

En el año 2019, la pandemia del COVID-19 ocasionó en la odontología una mayor preocupación ante la desinfección, siendo un problema los posibles contagios durante la manipulación de una toma de muestras con alginato. Aun así, los desinfectantes podrían producir cambios dimensionales que pueden afectar al modelo de estudio. Objetivo: Comparar el efecto de tres desinfectantes viricidas sobre la estabilidad dimensional de impresiones de modelos de estudio con diferentes marcas de alginatos. Métodos: Se usaron 220 impresiones de alginato dividas en 3 grupos de desinfectante y 1 de control. Estos, a su vez, se dividieron en subgrupos de 5 marcas de alginatos. Las muestras fueron vaciadas con yeso tipo III y medidas con un calibrador digital. Estas fueron anotadas en la ficha de recolección de datos que luego fueron pasadas al software Stata 16.1 ® donde se realizó el análisis estadístico de Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: El desinfectante a base de alcohol presentó los mayores cambios dimensionales en las impresiones a comparación de los demás grupos. Por otra parte, los alginatos fueron Tropicalgin ®, Cavex CA37 ® y Cavex Color Change ® los que presentaron las medidas más aceptables. Conclusión: Para la desinfección de muestras de impresiones con alginato, los desinfectantes de hipoclorito de sodio al 1% y a base de amonio cuaternario presentan ser opciones aceptables en conjunto con alginatos de marcas Tropicalgin ®, Cavex CA37 ® o Cavex Color Change ®.
Comparación de la resistencia a la tensión de hilos de sutura de seda negra y ácido poliglicólico sometidos a dos bebidas carbonatadas evaluados en diferentes tiempos: estudio in vitro
Authors:   , Meneses Contreras Ana Sofia
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Comparar la resistencia a la tensión de dos diferentes hilos de sutura sometidos a dos bebidas carbonatadas en tres tiempos de evaluación. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio in vitro en el cual se usaron 45 hilos de seda negra y 45 hilos de ácido poliglicólico que fueron divididos en 6 grupos en función a las sustancias de inmersión (Coca Cola®, Inca Kola® y saliva) y tiempos de evaluación (inicio, 07 y 14 días). La resistencia a la tensión se evaluó mediante la Máquina de Ensayos Universales. Los datos se analizaron mediante la prueba de Anova de un factor, Anova para muestras repetidas, Kruskal Wallis y Friedman. Resultados: A los 14 días postinmersión, los hilos de seda negra sumergidos en Coca Cola® presentaron una mayor tensión que aquellos sumergidos en Inca Kola®. Se determinó que el tiempo de inmersión no afectó la tensión de los hilos. Además, se encontró que el hilo de ácido poliglicólico presentó mayor tensión en comparación al hilo de seda negra en todos los tiempos de evaluación y sustancias de inmersión. Conclusiones: La Inca Kola® afectó más la tensión del hilo de seda negra en comparación a la Coca Cola a los 7 y 14 días. El hilo de ácido poliglicólico presentó mayor tensión en comparación al hilo de seda negra en todos los tiempos de evaluación. El tiempo no fue un factor que influyó en la disminución de la tensión para ambos tipos de hilos de sutura en las diferentes sustancias utilizadas. Relevancia Clínica: el hilo de ácido poliglicólico presentó una mayor tensión en comparación al hilo de seda negra, lo cual implicaría usarlo con mayor frecuencia en los procedimientos quirúrgicos orales.
Detección de Gallibacterium anatis en gallos de pelea en Lurín y Carabayllo, distritos de Lima Metropolitana mediante la técnica molecular de PCR
Authors:   , Ojeda Vasquez Alejandra
Published: November 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue detectar la presencia de Gallibacterium anatis en gallos de pelea clínicamente sanos en Lima Metropolitana con la técnica de PCR. Se tomaron 192 muestras (96 de tráquea y 96 de cloaca) de gallos de pelea en dos galpones ubicados en Carabayllo y Lurín lográndose aislar a Gallibacterium anatis en el 11.97% (23/192) de ellas. Las muestras fueron sembradas en agar sangre y agar MacConkey. Posteriormente, se tiñeron las colonias con tinción de Gram y se les aplicaron las pruebas bioquímicas: hidrolisis de urea, fermentación de azúcares (lactosa, sacarosa y glucosa), producción de sulfuro de hidrógeno, prueba de movilidad con el medio de sulfuro indol para movilidad (SIM), producción de indol y catalasa. Las colonias sospechosas fueron colocadas en crioviales con caldo infusión cerebro corazón (BHI) y se trasladaron a la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos donde se realizó la PCR con el gen rpoB utilizando los primers Pasrpob-L y Rpob-R. Los resultados demuestran la presencia de Gallibacterium anatis en gallos de pelea en Lurín y Carabayllo, distritos de Lima Metropolitana.
Análisis de las características arquitectónicas de la infraestructura pesquera artesanal en Cerro Azul-Cañete
Authors:   , Salazar Pajuelo Sol Isabo Geraldine
Published: November 2022

Actualmente el crecimiento en el desarrollo de la actividad pesquera motiva al cumplimiento de estándares de calidad dando como respuesta la implementación de una infraestructura que cumpla con las características arquitectónicas adecuadas, mejorando la calidad de vida de los pescadores y consumidores. En estas circunstancias el distrito de Cerro Azul-Cañete cuenta con una infraestructura pesquera deficiente frente a otras infraestructuras foráneas, por ello, el proyecto busca solucionar los problemas identificados en las entrevistas y fichas de observación, en los que se obtuvo resultados fehacientes de la insuficiencia de ambientes, superficies degradas con el tiempo, contaminación marina, alta permeabilidad espacial, entre otros. Determinando que es necesario un desembarcadero pesquero que se adecue al lugar, cumpliendo con un análisis biophilico, obteniendo confort interior como exteriormente, aportando al desarrollo del distrito, beneficiando a los consumidores y a los dueños de comercios cercanos, ofreciendo productos hidrobiológicos que cumplan las medidas sanitarias , asi como brindar un mejor espacio de trabajo a los pescadores, integrando la nueva infraestructura con el entorno urbano costero y al gran dinamismo social que se desarrolla gracias al turismo gastronómico, deportivo y recreacional.
Aplicación de aseguramiento de calidad de software y su influencia en proyectos de la empresa 3M, 2022
Authors:   , Benites Luna Carlos Alberto
Published: November 2022

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar de qué manera la aplicación de aseguramiento de calidad de software impacta en los proyectos de la empresa 3M. El área de pruebas que se implementó y liderado por la empresa QSYSTEM se encargó de encontrar las observaciones de las aplicaciones que utiliza la empresa 3M y que fueron testeadas en los proyectos en ejecución. Previo a esto no existía un área especializada en pruebas que detecte las fallas a tiempo por ello se presentaron distintos errores en el ambiente de producción. El enfoque de esta investigación fue cuantitativo, con diseño preexperimental , tipo aplicada y de un corte longitudinal. La muestra consta de 15 colaboradores de la empresa 3M. Los instrumentos alcanzaron un Alfa de Cronbach, para el PreTest 0.832 y para el PostTest 0.706. Se obtuvo como significancia con un Sig. = 0.000, lo cual es menor al porcentaje de margen de error de 0.05. Dado que el sig. es menor a 0.05, se rechaza la hipótesis nula y acepta hipótesis alterna. Se llegó a la conclusión de que si hay una diferencia significativa en los proyectos de la empresa 3M antes y después de la aplicación de Aseguramiento de Calidad de Software y esto impacto de manera positiva ya que se redujo considerablemente los errores en producción, incluso en muchas aplicaciones no se presentaron errores.
Características epidemiológicas y distribución geográfica y estacional de los casos de enfermedades metaxénicas transmitidas por Aedes aegypti presentados en el Perú durante el año 2020
Authors:   , De la Cruz Sicha Martin Jesus
Published: November 2022

Las principales enfermedades transmitidas por el artrópodo Ae. aegypti en el Perú son el dengue, zika y chikungunya, presentándose con mayor frecuencia en zonas tropicales. Estas enfermedades requieren una atención prioritaria en los servicios de salud a fin de reducir su impacto sobre las personas. Por ello, el estudio tuvo como objetivo describir aspectos del comportamiento epidemiológico y la distribución geográfica y estacional de los casos confirmados de enfermedades metaxénicas transmitidas por Ae. aegypti reportados en el país durante el año 2020. Para ello se diseñó un estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo a partir del registro de casos confirmados de dengue, zika y chikungunya que se encontraban registradas en el portal web del Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Prevención y Control de Enfermedades - CDC Perú del Ministerio de Salud. La información recuperada fue analizada y resumida mediante estadística descriptiva y la comparación de los casos de dengue en comparación a los cinco años anteriores se realizó mediante el Canal Endémico. Se obtuvo 11,468 reportes válidos de enfermedades transmitidas por Ae. aegypti, predominado el dengue (99.63%). Los mayores reportes correspondieron a los Departamentos de Ucayali (37.9%), Ica (24.7%), Tumbes (20.6%) y Loreto (15.5%). El zika se observó principalmente en Loreto (78.9%) y chikungunya en Madre de Dios (75%). El dengue fue más frecuente en personas del sexo femenino (53.5%), entre las semanas 40 a 53 (38.7%) y 14 a 26 (34.5%) y con el cuadro clínico sin signo de alarma (93.4%). El Canal Endémico mostró que los casos de dengue estuvieron por encima de lo esperado históricamente, en la mayoría de las unidades de tiempo evaluadas. Se concluye que en el 2020 la presentación de enfermedades transmitidas por Ae. aegypti tuvieron una condición epidémica.
Análisis morfométrico de tres marcas comerciales de conos de gutapercha: un estudio in vitro
Authors:   , Huaman Carrasco Anel Lucero
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Elaborar un análisis morfométrico de tres marcas comerciales de conos de gutapercha. Materiales y mérodos: Estudio descriptivo cuya muestra fueron 90 conos de gutapercha del mismo lote de fabricación de las marcas VDW Zipperer, Endomedic y Spident. Se utilizaron los números de serie 30, 35 y 40; 10 conos por cada marca y número. Resultados: Para la longitud se encontró que las marcas Endomedic y Spident no cumplieron con la normativa ISO, mientras que Zipperer lo hizo parcialmente. Para el calibre se encontró variaciones en el D0, por lo que, ninguna marca presentó el calibre exacto para todos sus conos. Para la rugosidad se encontró una distribución homogénea de conos lisos y rugosos, por lo que, ninguna marca presentó sus conos totalmente lisos. Conclusión: Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el calibre, la longitud y la rugosidad de los conos de gutapercha y la Normativa ISO 6877.
Calidad del sueño en estudiantes de Enfermería de la Universidad Científica del Sur
Authors:   , Berru Chinchay Kelly Del Pilar , Tamara Ortiz Andres Rodrigo
Published: November 2022

La calidad de sueño es pieza clave para el desarrollo de las distintas actividades del quehacer diario del ser humano. El presente estudio tuvo como finalidad determinar la calidad del sueño de los estudiantes de la carrera de enfermería de la Universidad Científica del Sur. Métodos: El estudio fue tipo descriptivo, no experimental de corte trasversal, la población fue de 281 estudiantes de la carrera de enfermería de la Universidad Científica del Sur y la muestra fue de 192. La técnica empleada fue la encuesta y se utilizó el instrumento de Índice de Calidad de Sueño de Pittsburgh. Resultados: Se halló que el 56% presentó una calidad subjetiva de sueño bastante mala o muy mala; el 33% tarda en conciliar el sueño de 31 a 60 minutos; el 70,84% duerme de 6 a 7 o más horas; el 78% tienen una eficiencia mayor a 85%; el 63,5% de estudiantes presentan perturbaciones de sueño menos de una vez a la semana; 84% refiere no haber consumido medicinas para dormir y el 62% presenta disfunciones diurnas una o más de 3 veces a la semana. Conclusiones: Se concluye que solo el 17,2 % de la población encuestada tiene una buena calidad de sueño y el 82,8% tiene una mala calidad, ya que según la puntuación sumada de cada componente el 32,3% merece atención médica, 47,4% merece atención médica y tratamiento y un 3,1% tiene un problema grave de sueño.
Cambio del nivel de riesgo ergonómico en posturas forzadas y movimiento repetitivo por rediseño de máquina sopladora de botellas de plástico
Authors:   , Flores Guillen Raul Danny
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: El presente estudio tiene por objetivo el comparar el cambio del nivel de riesgo ergonómico en posturas forzadas y movimiento repetitivo por rediseño de máquina sopladora de botellas de plástico en el puesto de trabajo de operadores en una fábrica en la ciudad de Lima en el año 2020. Material y Métodos: El criterio para la selección de la población fue el tomar el total de los operadores del puesto de trabajo de la máquina sopladora de botellas de plástico de dicha fábrica. Las metodologías empleadas para determinar la medición de los niveles de riesgo en posturas de trabajo y de movimiento repetitivo de extremidades superiores fueron las normas internacionales ISO 11226:2000 y OCRA Checklist (ISO 11228-3:2007). Resultados: En la determinación de nivel de riesgo de los trabajadores, en la primera evaluación de OCRA Checklist para movimientos repetitivos, éstos se encontraban entre los niveles de “riesgo medio” y “riesgo elevado” y en la evaluación para posturas forzadas evaluada mediante el método ISO 11226:2000 se obtuvo como resultado el nivel “no recomendado”. Luego del rediseño ergonómico se obtuvo el nivel “riesgo aceptable” para movimientos repetitivos y “riesgo aceptable” para posturas forzadas. Conclusión: En conclusión, se observó que, en el proceso de abastecimiento de botellas de las máquinas sopladoras, inicialmente no se presentaban criterios aceptables para los segmentos corporales, impactando en la valoración del riesgo ante la exposición a los peligros ergonómicos de movimiento repetitivo de extremidades superiores y posturas de trabajo. No obstante, al realizar el rediseño del puesto de trabajo se obtuvo la minimización de niveles de riesgos ergonómicos a niveles “aceptables”.
El proceso creativo como estrategia para desarrollar el pensamiento crítico en alumnos de la carrera de Diseño de Modas en una institución privada de Lima, Perú, 2021
Authors:   , Zorrilla Soto Christi Eimme
Published: November 2022

La crítica, autocrítica y su relación con el contexto sociocultural es parte importante del proceso creativo artístico. El presente estudio analiza la relación del pensamiento crítico y el proceso creativo durante la creación de una colección de moda entre estudiantes y docentes en Perú. Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo con entrevistas en profundidad para una muestra de 22 estudiantes, 3 docentes de la carrera de Diseño de Modas de un instituto privado de Lima, Perú y 2 diseñadores profesionales. El estudio evidenció que existe una relación simbiótica entre el proceso creativo y el pensamiento crítico, el cual permite crear colecciones que respondan a las necesidades del público objetivo, llevando al diseñador a ocupar un lugar destacado como diseñador o empresario de la moda. Sin embargo, el proceso de creación durante la carrera de pregrado carece de algunas etapas críticas como la autoevaluación, la sustentación conceptual o la solución de problemas, dando como resultado propuestas que no responden totalmente a las necesidades del contexto, público objetivo o requerimiento laboral.
Finite element analysis for mechanism of occasional anterior longitudinal ligament rupture with posterior correction procedure for adult spinal deformity using LLIF
Authors: Takeda Hiroki , Abe Yuichiro , Imai Takaya , Rashid Mohd Zaim Mohd , Ikeda Daiki , Kawabata Soya , Nagai Sota , Hachiya Kurenai , Fujita Nobuyuki , Kaneko Shinjiro
Published: November 2022

Background:
There are several advantages of using lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) for correction surgeries for adult spinal deformity (ASD); however, we currently have unresolved new issues, including occasional anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) rupture during posterior correction procedure. When LLIF was initially introduced, only less lordotic cages were available and we experienced ALL rupture more frequently than later periods when more lordotic cages were available. We performed finite element analysis (FEA) regarding the mechanism of ALL rupture during a posterior correction procedure.
Methods:
We introduced a spring (which mimics ALL) at the location of ALL in the FEA and employed a LLIF cage with two different lordotic angles: 6 and 12 degrees (6DC/12DC). To assess the extent of burden on the ALL, we measured the extension length of the spring during the correction procedure and examined the location of the rotation center.
Results:
We observed significantly higher degree of length extension of the spring during the correction procedure in the FEA model with 6DC compared with that of 12DC. We also observed that the location of the rotation center was shifted posteriorly in the FEA model with 6DC compared with that of 12DC.
Conclusions:
It is considered that the posterior and rostral edge of the less lordotic angle cage became a hinge, and the longer lever arm increased the burden on ALL as the principle of leverage. It is important to use a LLIF cage with a sufficient lordotic angle, that is compatible with the degree of posterior osteotomy in ASD correction.
Long COVID and Associated Factors in Individuals From Southern Brazil: a Population-based Study on COVID
Authors: Saes Mirelle de Oliveira , Vieira Yohana Pereira , Rocha Juliana Quadros Santos , Silva Carine Nascimento , Soares Abelardo Oliveira , Neves Rosália Garcia , Gonçalves Cristiane de Souza , Duro Suele Manjourany Silva
Published: November 2022

COVID-19 is an infection in which symptoms may persist after the acute phase. The aim of the present study was to verify the prevalence and factors associated with COVID-19 and to describe the main residual symptoms after 6–10 months of infection in individuals from the extreme south of Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study of 2919 individuals older than 18 diagnosed by RT‒PCR with COVID-19 in the city of Rio Grande/RS, Brazil, from December 2020 to March 2021 who were symptomatic, with data collected by telephone interview or home visit. The COVID-19 outcome was obtained from the sum of all symptoms that the individual claimed to continue having at the time of the interview, ranging from zero to 19. For the crude and adjusted analyses, we used Poisson regression with robust adjustment of variance calculating prevalence ratios (PRs) and their respective 95% confidence intervals. The adjusted analysis was performed by means of a hierarchical model built in four levels. The significance level adopted was 5%, and the analyses were performed with the statistical package Stata 16.1. The prevalence of COVID-long was 48.3% (95% CI 46.5; 50.1). The most prevalent residual symptoms were fatigue, memory loss, loss of attention, headache, loss of smell, muscle pain and loss of taste. The groups more likely to develop COVID-19 were female, exhibited anxiety, hypertension, heart problems, diabetes mellitus, musculoskeletal problems, respiratory problems, previous morbidities and hospitalization in a ward or ICU. Physical activity and self-perception of good and very good health were protective factors for the outcome. When adjusted, female gender, anxiety, morbidities and who were hospitalized remained associated with the outcome, while self-perception of good and very good health had a lower probability. This study showed that almost half of the individuals in the sample developed long COVID after 6–9 months of infection. Among the associated factors, female individuals and those with chronic conditions stand out, demanding the creation of public policies to promote integral and continued assistance to these individuals.
Suicidality and Non-Fatal Self-Injury Behaviors Among Epileptic Patients in Neurology Clinic at Zewditu Memorial Hospital and Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Anbessie Mohammed N. , Gebrehanna Ewnet , Zewde Yared Z. , Ayele Biniyam A.
Published: November 2022

Background: - Suicidality /suicidal ideation and plan/ and non-fatal self-harm behaviors are more frequent among People living with Epilepsy (PWE) than the general population. The increased risk of suicidality and non-fatal self-harm behaviors and associated factors among people with Epilepsy varies across sociodemographic and disease-related factors as well as comorbid psychiatric conditions. The study aimed to determine the magnitude of suicidality and non-suicidal self-injury behaviors and identify its associated factors among People with Epilepsy seeking medical care at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital and Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2021.
Methods: - Facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on randomly selected 345 epileptic patients that attended the outpatient neurology treatment service at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital and Zewditu Memorial Hospital. The study was conducted from 15 December 2020 to 15 February 2021. The WHO composite international diagnostic interview (CIDI) was used to assess suicidality, depression, and epilepsy-related factors. Association between outcome variables and selected independent variables was tested using a logistic regression model.
Result: - The magnitude of suicidal ideation, plan, and non-fatal self-injury behavior among people living with epilepsy were 21.2, 18.3, and 11.9% respectively. Living alone, Poor social support, and comorbid depression were significantly associated with suicidal ideation, plan, and nonfatal self-injurious behavior. Those who were taking 2 or more Anti-Epileptic Drugs also showed statistical association with suicidal ideation (AOR 0.45, 95% CI= .21, .97; p=0.041) and suicidal plan (AOR 0.36, 95% CI= .162, .815; p=0.014) respectively.
Conclusion - The prevalence of suicidal ideation, and non-fatal self-injurious behavior among people with epilepsy was high among Ethiopian epileptic patients in a hospital setting. Routine screening and proper intervention for comorbid depression as well as avoiding polytherapy might prevent suicidality and non-fatal self-injurious behavior, A strong social support also helped in preventing suicide as well as improving quality of life.
Relationships of perception of health risks by use of pesticides: A Man-Environment look.
Authors: Silverio Astrid Merino , Cunha Maristela Casé Costa , de Andrade Wbaneide Martins , Simplício Luane dos Santos
Published: November 2022

The use of agricultural pesticides is increasingly associated with public health problems and negative impacts on the environment, in addition to the lack of protective actions developed by Brazilian environmental agencies. Our objective in this study was to analyze the relationships in the process that lead to the perception of risk of damage to human health by the use of pesticides in the riverine farming communities of the São Francisco Valley, in Brazilian northeast. We carried out a qualitative literature review, using the Constructivist Grounded Theory applied to the review of published scientific articles. The elements in the perceptive process found were: 1) the environment; 2) conditioning factors; 3) the perception of the human body; 4) the memory; 5) socio-cognitive processing; 6) automatic response; 7) the decision process and 8) the behavior. Each of those elements and its relationships guide where the causes of an inadequate perception to resolve them.
Challenges and Approaches when Realizing Online Surface Inspection Systems with Deep Learning Algorithms
Authors: STEPHANI Henrike , WEIBEL Thomas , RÖSCH Ronald , MOGHISEH Ali
Published: November 2022

Using deep learning in complex online surface inspection systems is challenging due to different framework conditions. First, time restrictions in production are usually fixed in terms of clock rate and response time. Furthermore, these methods need a lot of data, while typically the data situation is thin in the beginning as well as continuously unbalanced: defects occur rarely and thereby providing few example data for learning, while the desired detection rate is 100%. Another important issue is that although defect catalogues exist, they often change, especially when automatic inspection is applied for the first time. This is due to imaging systems usually being able to detect more defects than visual-manual inspection, therefore production, management, and quality assurance usually reiterate their prior defect catalogues. However, data driven methods depend heavily on consistent annotation. Therefore, respective parties must be made aware of this issue on the one hand, on the other hand, annotation and reannotation must be easy and useable by non-experts. Related is the issue of parametrization and traceability. Both are not inherent to neural networks but must be provided to some level to help building trust in machine learning methods. In this paper, we present a quality inspection system that uses deep neural networks for defect detection under real production conditions in wood manufacturing. We will address how we systematically deal with the above issues both in terms of process and algorithm.
Range margin reduction in carbon ion therapy: potential benefits of using radioactive ion beams
Authors: Sokol Olga , Cella Laura , Boscolo Daria , Horst Felix , Oliviero Caterina , Pacelli Roberto , Palma Giuseppe , Simoni Micol , Conson Manuel , Caroprese Mara , Weber Ulrich , Graeff Christian , Parodi Katia , Durante Marco
Published: November 2022

Sharp dose gradients and high biological effectiveness make heavy ions such as 12C an ideal tool to treat deep-seated tumors, however, at the same time, sensitive to errors in the range prediction. Tumor safety margins mitigate these uncertainties, but during the irradiation they lead to unavoidable damage to the surrounding healthy tissue. To fully exploit the Bragg peak benefits, a large effort is put into establishing precise range verification methods. Despite positron emission tomography being widely in use for this purpose in 12C therapy, the low count rates, biological washout, and broad activity distribution still limit its precision. Instead, radioactive beams used directly for treatment would yield an improved signal and a closer match with the dose fall-off, potentially enabling precise in vivo beam range monitoring. We have performed a treatment planning study to estimate the possible impact of the reduced range uncertainties, enabled by radioactive 11C ions treatments, on sparing critical organs in tumor proximity. Compared to 12C treatments, (i) annihilation maps for 11C ions can reflect sub- millimeter shifts in dose distributions in the patient, (ii) outcomes of treatment planning with 11C significantly improve and (iii) less severe toxicities for serial and parallel critical organs can be expected.
Preconditioning with interleukin-1 alpha is required for the neuroprotective properties of mesenchymal stem cells after ischaemic stroke in mice
Authors: Wong Raymond , Smith Craig , Allan Stuart , Pinteaux Emmanuel
Published: November 2022

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) pre-conditioning with interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1ɑ) drives MSCs toward a potent anti-inflammatory and pro-trophic phenotype. The aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic potential of IL-1ɑ preconditioning of MSCs, administered intra-arterially (a clinically relevant approach in the setting of thrombectomy) after experimental cerebral ischaemia in mice. Focal ischaemic stroke was induced by filament occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in mice. After 3 h from start of occlusion, animals were treated with vehicle, 9.1x104 non-conditioned or IL-1ɑ preconditioned MSCs by intra-arterial administration. Animals were allowed to recover for 3 days or 14 days post-stroke and lesion volume and functional outcomes were evaluated. To assess reperfusion cerebral blood flow was measured at 1.5 h after treatment using laser speckle imaging in a separate cohort of animals. Preconditioned MSCs reduced lesion volume and neurological deficits compared to vehicle by 67%, while non-conditioned MSCs had no effect, at 3 days post-stroke. A separate cohort of animals recovered to 14 days post-stroke also showed reduced infarct volume at 48 h (assessed by MRI) when treated with preconditioned MSCs, along with lower neurological deficits at 14 days and better weight recovery compared to vehicle treated mice. Cerebral blood flow was increased by preconditioned MSCs compared to vehicle by 32%. Preconditioning MSCs with IL-1α increases their neuroprotective capability and improves functional recovery after delayed intra-arterial administration in a mouse model of focal cerebral ischaemia. With increasing use of thrombectomy the adjunct use of preconditioned MSCs therefore represents a highly relevant therapy to improve outcomes in ischaemic stroke.
Nairobi Fly Dermatitis outbreak Investigation in Bodite town AdministrationWolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia, April, 2018
Authors: Gunta Mesay , woldetensai Abate , Hailu Mesay , Sugerman David , Bekele Haile , Shibeshi Behailu
Published: November 2022

Background: Nairobi fly dermatitis is unusual form of contact dermatitis caused by pederine, ahemolymph fluid released when the insects are crushed against the skin. Patients often present with a sudden onset burning sensation and cutaneous pain. The insects are belonging to the genus Paederus. These insects are found worldwide, although the concentration is higher in tropical and subtropical areas. In Ethiopia, more particularly in Wolaita, Nairobi fly dermatitis is uncommon previously. Hence, we aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and identify risk factors prone to the disease.
Methods: We conducted unmatched case-control study (ratio 1:2) with 45 cases and 90 controls from April 5 to 14, 2018 in Ade charake Village, Southern Ethiopia. Cases were patients who had a history of linear dermatitis, kissing/mirror image/ lesions, multiple vesiculo-pustular lesion, extensive pustules, blistering and papulo-pustular lesions over face, neck, arms, shoulders, axillaries region, lower limbs, chest, upper limbs or any other area of the body in Ade Charake Village in the study period. Controls were asymptomatic individuals selected randomly from the households or neighbors during the outbreak period. The investigators initially developed a clinical-epidemiological questionnaire to obtain data from cases as well as controls. Basic descriptive summary including attack rate, in addition to bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was computed. The odds ratio was computed at 95% CI with a P-value <=0.05 to ascertain the association.
Results: Among 45 cases, 60 %( 27/45) were females. The commonly affected age groups were between 8-15 years 31% (14/45). The frequently appearing clinical manifestation was Erythmato-vesicular lesions 40% (18/45) and most patients 71% (32/45) presented with a complain of burning sensation followed by pruritus 62% (28/45).We found that use of light during sleep (AOR=8.5,95% CI, 1.033-64.8), disposing wastes near vicinity(AOR=5.44, 95% CI 2.094,14.1250) and proximity of dense vegetations or fruit in the vicinity (AOR=7,95% CI, 1.143-43.78) were risk factors to develop Nairobi fly dermatitis.
Conclusion: We found that Nairobi fly dermatitis predominantly affects females while sleeping with light on and disposing of wastes near vicinity. The presence vegetation’s and/or fruits in the neighborhood found to be the risk factors for Nairobi fly dermatitis.
Toward Reduced CO2 Emissions from Vehicles: Onboard Capture and Storage System Using Metal-Organic Frameworks
Authors: Pezzella Giuseppe , Bhatt Prashant M. , AlHaji Abdulhadi , Ramirez Adrian , Grande Carlos A. , Gascon Jorge , Eddaoudi Mohamed , Sarathy S. Mani
Published: November 2022

The transportation sector is among the largest contributors to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and demands immediate action. Although electrification is a promising technology to decarbonize light-duty vehicles, it has limited potential when applied to heavy trucks due to their longer travel distances and weight constraints. Hence, possible mitigation pathways must be identified to lower trucks’ carbon footprint. In this work, we propose an onboard post-combustion capture and storage system on heavy-duty freight vehicles using two state-of-the-art metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with high CO2 selectivity and high-storage-capacity, respectively. We selected KAUST-7 as the capturing material because of its high stability and selectivity toward CO2 even in humid conditions; while Al-soc-MOF-1 as a CO2 storing material for its high gravimetric and volumetric CO2 uptake between 10 and 50 bar. Our solution aimed to reduce heavy-duty vehicle CO2 emissions by at least 50% and achieve above 95% CO2 purity at the storage point. First, we measured and modeled KAUST-7’s thermodynamic and kinetic properties, then we simulated and optimized the process conditions for the carbon capture system in response to dynamic engine behavior. Additionally, we minimized the capture and storage mass, offering as result innovative methods to mitigate carbon emissions in the heavy-duty freight industry.
Detecting long-term effects of mining-induced ground deformation on plant patterns in semi-arid areas using a cellular automata model
Authors: Mi Jiaxin , Zhang Shaoliang , Hou Huping , Hua Yifei , Yang Yongjun , Ding Zhongyi
Published: November 2022

Contexts
Mining-induced ground deformation has various effects on different plant communities. However, little is known about the effects of ground deformation on plant patterns after spontaneous succession, and there is currently no quantitative approach to the detection of these long-term effects.
Objectives
A plant community succession model (PCSM) based on cellular automate was developed, and the 30-year plant succession within a subsidence area in the Yungang mining area in China under mining and non-mining scenarios, as well as under two sets of initial conditions (plant-covered and bare), were simulated and compared.
Methods
The normalized mean square error (NMSE) was applied to test the accuracy of the PCSM and to reveal the effects of ground deformation at the patch scale, which was 0.06–0.59 for simulated and observed plant patterns. Six landscape indicators (contagion index (CONTAG), patch cohesion index (COHESION), landscape division (DIVISION), Shannon’s diversity index (SHDI), Shannon’s evenness index (SHEI), and aggregation index (AI)) were calculated for the mining and non-mining scenarios and compared to reveal the effects at the landscape scale.
Results
The results show that the DIVISION, SHDI, and SHEI were significantly higher in the mining scenario than in the non-mining scenario under plant-covered conditions; while the DIVISION was greater for the mining scenario than for the non-mining scenario, indicating that the ground deformation resulted in a loose, separated, and mixed plant pattern. The dynamics of the plant coverages and patterns in the two scenarios reflect the negative and positive effects of ground deformation on the tree and shrub communities, respectively. In terms of the shrub and tree communities, the NMSEs fluctuated at a high level under bare conditions, especially at the patch scale of 10 × 10 m, for which it was maintained at >0.5.
Conclusion
Overall, the mining-induced ground deformation chronically influenced the plant succession by limiting tree communities and promoting shrub communities, and it led to a heterogenous plant pattern. The results of this research provide a reference for detecting the long-term effects of mining-induced ground deformation on plant patterns, and they also provide insights into the effects of underground mining on different plant communities.
Expression of programmed cell death 1 on neuroblastoma cells in TH-MYCN transgenic mice
Authors: Takeuchi Yuta , Inoue Seiichiro , Odaka Akio
Published: November 2022

Background
Immunotherapy may improve the poor prognosis of high-risk neuroblastoma. Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) is expressed in several cancers. The tyrosine hydroxylase MYCN (TH-MYCN) transgenic mouse model is widely used in neuroblastoma research, but detailed information on its immunological background is lacking. Therefore, we studied the immunological tumor microenvironment and tumor cell surface antigen expression in homozygote and hemizygote mice and effects of antibody therapy against PD-1.
Methods
CD4, CD8, CD11b, and CD11c expression in immune cells from retroperitoneal lymph nodes and spleen was analyzed by flowcytometry. Tumor cell surface antigen expression was confirmed, and data from homozygote and hemizygote mice were compared. Effects of anti-PD-1 antibody were evaluated.
Results
CD4-, CD8-, CD11b-, and CD11c-positive cells were not significantly different in homozygote and hemizygote mice, and CD11b- and CD11c-positive cells were identified in the tumor microenvironment in both. Tumor cells expressed PD-1, and anti-PD-1 antibody had anti-tumor effects and significantly reduced the percentage of living tumor cells in cultures after 2 hours.
Conclusion
The immunological background is similar in homozygote and hemizygote TH-MYCN transgenic mice, and both have PD-1–positive tumor cells. Anti-PD-1 antibody suppresses tumor growth. This mouse model may be a useful for studying immunotherapy of neuroblastoma.
Underground Lightning - A Possible Earthquake Occurrence Mechanism and Early Warning Application
Authors: jianfeng Su , hai Chen
Published: November 2022

Through the comparative and analysis of the positive anomaly characteristics of atmospheric electric field before lightning and terrestrial electric field before earthquake, this paper proposes that one of the mechanisms of earthquake generation is underground lightning, that is, huge underground electrical energy accumulates and releases instantaneously, and electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy instantaneously, causing the rupture of the solid structure of the underground lithosphere to form an earthquake. Based on this mechanism, the feasible methods of earthquake early warning are explored.
Approximation of Elasticity Modulus of Groundnut Shell Ash Based Self-Consolidating High-Performance Concrete (SCHPC) Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
Authors: Buari T. A , Adeleke J. S. , Olutoge F. A. , Ayinnuola G. M. , Dahunsi B. I.O.
Published: November 2022

The focus of this study is the prediction of Elasticity Modulus (ME) of Self-Consolidating high-performance concrete (SCHPC) incorporated with Groundnut Shell Ash (GSA) with Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The present research utilized GSA as a SCM in the development of SCHPC with GSA (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%) to produce concrete (SCHPC0, SCHPC10, SCHPC20, SCHPC30 and SCHPC40) and a designed concrete mix of 41 N/mm2 was employed in accordance with ACI and EFNARC guidelines. The compressive strength, tensile strength, Elasticity Modulus and microstructure densifications of SCHPC were the major parameters measured. The Elasticity Modulus was modelled with curing age, percentage substitution of GSA, tensile strength and compressive strength as input while output layer has only one neuron which represents modulus rupture as the target value, in this case, the Modulus Elasticity of GSA Blended SCHPC. Adequacy of adopted models was determined using coefficient of determination (R2) and Mean Square Error (MSE). phase transformation and microstructural analysis of SCHPC showed microstructure densification with an improved interface obtained from SCHPC10 and SCHPC20.The adopted model (back propagation 4-8-4-1) adequately predicted the EM properties of SCHPC (R2: 0.67–0.96; MSE: 0.28–4.81).
A Critical Study Based on Achievement between Public and Private Secondary Schools in Tehsil Lal Qilla District Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Altaf
Published: November 2022

The present study was conducted to compare the achievement based performance of the public and private secondary schools on different variables such as leader’s leadership styles, management practices and physical facilities provided in these schools. Two public and two private secondary schools were selected as case study from Tehsil Lal Qilla on the basis of convenience and accessibility. The stakeholder’s views approach was adopted for case study. The secondary school principals, teachers, students of 9th and 10th classes and their parents were identified as stakeholders of these schools. Interview protocol for each stakeholder, observation and document analysis were used as instruments of data collection. In this way interviews were conducted for these cases including interviews from public and private secondary schools. The school management/leadership, practices of heads, implementation of departmental policies, teaching learning environment and discipline in schools, lesson planning, available facilities, co-curricular activities and future developmental plans etc. were explored in different interview protocols from each stakeholder. Data was analyzed by using qualitative analysis methods. It was found that, the public schools have better facilities, spacious buildings, highly qualified staff and people oriented management styles as compared to private schools. The heads and teachers of private schools desired to shift in public schools. It is recommended that Government should bound the private sector to provide infrastructure and facilities to the students similar to the public schools.
Comparison of two statistical methods to identify groups in a student satisfaction survey
Authors: Álvarez-Vaz Ramón , Vernazza Elena
Published: November 2022

This work studies the main characteristics of the construction of Student Satisfaction in the undergraduate courses of the Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y de Administra ción from Universidad de la República, Uruguay, by using and comparing two multivariate data analysis techniques: Cluster Analysis and Latent Classes Analysis. Data used for the implementation presented in this work originate from a survey applied on a sample of undergraduate students in 2009. This questionnaire is structured in sets of questions: the first set contains variables which allow characterize students sociodemographically. On the other hand, variables from the ECSI (European Customer Satisfaction Index) model which shall be used to characterize Student Satisfaction are presented. The 6 observed/manifest variables considered as input for the construction and characterization of Student Satisfaction are: student - expectations (E) when they begin studying in the institution, the image (I) they have of the institution, the quality of education received (CSA) and of services provided (CSF), the personal needs and desires with regards to College (ND), and the perceived value (VP). On the one hand, results presented arise from considering that there is an actual hidden/latent variable referred to Student Satisfaction and that this variable is defined from the interaction of the 6 manifest variables, by 4 latent classes. On the other hand, with reference to clusters, it is proposed to group students into 3 groups based on the analysis of results arising from clustering using Ward’s method. Additionally, the comparison of results obtained using both techniques is presented.