bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Health Attitude, Exercise, and Dietary Habits of People with Type 1 Diabetes: An Observational, Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Krishnan Gopika , Salis Sheryl , Sanal Geethu , Chandran Vysakh , Viji A. , Raj Sourav , Jothydev Krishnadev , Kumar Suresh , Kesavadev Jothydev
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

In managing type 1 diabetes (T1D), diet and exercise play a crucial role alongside insulin therapy. Despite their significance in glycemic control and overall diabetes management, there is a notable gap in the awareness and attention toward these aspects among individuals with T1D.

Methods:

This survey-based, cross-sectional study, conducted as the part of the Kesavadev Trust T1D Project Sweet Stars initiative, aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding health attitudes, exercise habits, and dietary behaviors among children with T1D. The study utilized a prestructured questionnaire administered by diabetes educators and dietitians during a T1D education camp. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the findings of the survey. The categorical variables were presented as frequency (%), whereas continuous variables were summarized as mean (standard deviation) or median (Q1–Q3) based on the results of the Shapiro–Wilk’s normality test. SPSS software version 27 was used for all the analyses.

Results:

Of the 80 individuals approached, 75 responded, with the majority being male (58.7%). The median age was 13 years. Most participants were diagnosed with T1D between 2015 and 2020. Basal insulin usage predominantly comprised Innovator Glargine. Participants demonstrated good health attitudes and diet habits with the majority receiving diabetes education from doctors. While diet counseling was prevalent, access to dietitians was limited.

Conclusion:

Efforts are needed to raise the awareness and improve access to comprehensive care for individuals with T1D. Emphasizing the importance of ideal exercise and dietary practices through camps and education programs can bridge the knowledge gap. Health-care providers should prioritize T1D care and stay updated on T1D management strategies.
Comparison of the Effect of Fennel and Evening Primrose Oil on Menopausal Problems and Hormonal Levels: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ghavi Fatemeh , Shakeri Fatemeh , Farahnaz Heshmat , Abdolahian Somayeh
Published: May 2024

Background:

Using natural oral supplements is one of the methods of complementary medicine that has been widely welcomed in the last decade Since studies have reported contradictory results for effectiveness of herbal medicines during menopause and no other more effective herbal medicine has been suggested yet, the researchers of this study decided to compare the fennel and Evening Primrose Oil (EPO) and their effect on menopause problems and sex hormones.

Materials and Methods:

The present study was a triple-blinded, controlled clinical trial with 125 participants randomly assigned to. An intervention group received fennel, another intervention group received evening primrose oil, and the placebo group received placebo twice daily for 8 weeks. Pre-intervention and post-intervention results were obtained using hormonal assay and the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS).

Results:

In this study, the mean follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol levels changed significantly in the fennel and EPO groups compared to placebo (p < 0.001). The difference in the mean FSH score between the fennel group and EPO group was not significant (p = 0.304), but the difference in the mean estradiol level between these groups was significant (p = 0.043). Moreover, there was a significant difference in the mean MRS score between the intervention groups before the intervention (p < 0.05). However, the difference in the mean MRS score between the fennel and EPO groups was not significant after the intervention (p = 0.322).

Conclusions:

Consumption of fennel and EPO can significantly change FSH, estradiol, and psychological menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women.
Nursing Care Challenges of Child Violence Victims
Authors: Vosoghi Nazila , Fallahi-Khoshknab Masoud , Hosseini Mohammadali , Ahmadi Fazlollah
Published: May 2024

Background:

Violence against children is a serious global phenomenon. The severity of the injuries caused due to violence toward a child is sometimes so great that it sends them to the hospital. Nurses have the first contact with Child Violence Victims (CVVs). These nurses experience different challenges. This study was aimed at exploring nurses' experiences of challenges in care provision to CVVs.

Materials and Methods:

This conventional content analysis and qualitative study was conducted in 2018–2019. Using a purposive sampling method, 17 nurses with experience in care delivery to CVVs were recruited from among those working in Children's Medical Center, Tehran, Iran, and Bu-Ali Subspecialty Hospital, Ardabil, Iran. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect the required data. Data were analyzed through the conventional content analysis method.

Results:

During data analysis, the 3 main categories of role conflict, lack of continuity of care, and emotional resentment and 9 subcategories were identified. Nurses experience challenges in care provision to CVVs. They do not have enough knowledge about CVVs, are unable to maintain the continuity of care, and experience role conflicts and emotional resentment.

Conclusions:

Nurses experience some difficulties and challenges in the process of care delivery to CVVs. They tried to overcome emotional resentment, different conflicts, and concerns about the lack of continuity of care without adequate support and resources. Thus, planning to support nurses in this regard seems essential.
Self-Compassion and Adherence to Treatment in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Khalili Neda , Bahrami Masoud , Ashouri Elaheh
Published: May 2024

Background:

Emotional disorders and depression make cancer patients reluctant about adherence to their treatment. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between self-compassion and adherence to treatment in cancer patients.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 214 patients with cancer in 2019. They were inpatients aged over 18 years. Two months had passed since their cancer was diagnosed, and they had undergone a course of chemotherapy. Data were collected using a personal details form, Neff's Self-Compassion Scale and the Modanloo Adherence to Treatment Questionnaire and were then analyzed using the mean, frequency, Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis.

Results:

The mean (SD) total score of self-compassion was 80.07 (15.68), and the mean (SD) total score of adherence to treatment was 134.44 (38.37). Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a direct relationship between the total score of self-compassion and the total score of adherence to treatment (p < 0.05). The linear regression analysis showed that the score of suffering as a common humanity (β = 0.47, p ≤ 0.001) and the variable of education (β = 0.27, p ≤ 0.001) were significant predictors of the total score of adherence to treatment (R2 = 0.33).

Conclusions:

According to the results, suffering as a common humanity and education were significant predictors of adherence to treatment. Oncology nurses are therefore recommended to get further educated about self-compassion, so that they take this concept more seriously in providing patient care. Nurses should also educate the patients with low levels of education about the consequences of not adhering to their treatment.
Health Anxiety among Nurses Caring for Patients with Covid-19
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Kazem , Kamali Mohsen , Azizkhani Hamed , Mohammadi Soraya
Published: May 2024

Background:

Medical personnel, especially nurses, are at the forefront of the global COVID-19 epidemic. This study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the level of health anxiety in nurses caring for patients with COVID-19.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional, descriptive study was performed on the 340 nurses working in 3 selected educational and medical centers affiliated with Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The participants were selected through census method in April and May 2020. The instrument used was the Health Anxiety Inventory. It includes 18 items in 3 subdomains. Descriptive statistics and the nonparametric Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to analyze the data.

Results:

The mean (SD) total health anxiety score of nurses was 24.68 (4.30), and 91.76% of participants had moderate health anxiety. Moreover, there was a statistically significant relationship between health anxiety level and the demographic variables of gender (Z = −4.54, p < 0.001), marital status (χ
2
3 = 32.54, p < 0.001), parenting (Z = −4.16, p < 0.001), family relationships (Z = −2.30, p = 0.020), work experience (χ
2
4 = 19.32, p < 0.001), and the workplace (χ
2
2 = 41.24, p < 0.001)

Conclusions:

The results showed that the level of health anxiety of nurses who cared for COVID-19 patients was moderate. Therefore, it is recommended that the necessary measures be taken to manage health anxiety in this group.
Effect of Nature-Based Sound Therapy on Stress and Physiological Parameters in Patients with Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Fatehimoghadam Shekoufe , Molavynejad Shahram , Rokhafroz Dariush , Seyedian Seyed Masoud , Sharhani Asaad
Published: May 2024

Background:

Non-pharmacological interventions in clinical practice, such as Nature-Based Sounds (N-BS), can be an efficient way to reduce stress in patients with Myocardial Infarction (MI). This study was an attempt to investigate the effect of N-BS on stress and physiological parameters in patients with MI.

Materials and Methods:

This double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 80 patients with MI from two selected hospitals. Using headphones, the subjects in the intervention group listened to 30 minutes of N-BS twice a day for 3 days. The control group, on the other hand, wore headphones playing no sound. The data were collected using the Persian version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale. The significance level was set at 0.05.

Results:

The repeated measure analysis showed that the within group effect is statistically significant for Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) (F = 113.32, p < 0.001), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) (F = 67.22, p < 0.001), Heart Rate (HR) (F = 28.52, p < 0.001), respiration rate (F = 36.41, p < 0.001), and stress (F = 102.82, p < 0.001). The reciprocal effect was statistically significant for SBP (F = 11.76, p < 0.001) and stress (F = 5.31, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

N-BS can provide an effective, inexpensive, and non-invasive method of reducing stress in patients with MI. Nurses can incorporate N-BS intervention into the daily care of patients with MI in order to reduce their stress and lower their SBP and HR.
Comparative Study of the Effect of Three Oral Care Protocols on Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Haghighat Somayeh , Mahjobipoor Hossein , Gavarti Samira Ghasemi
Published: May 2024

Background:

Oral care plays a significant role in reducing the incidence of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three oral care protocols on the incidence of VAP in Mechanically-Ventilated (MV) patients hospitalized in ICUs.

Materials and Methods:

This parallel randomized clinical trial was performed in 2019 on 71 MV adult patients with endotracheal intubation hospitalized in ICUs. The patients were divided into three groups: a 7-day oral care by using swab (group 1), two-times-brushing group (group 2), and four-times-brushing group (group 3) by using chlorhexidine. The data related to the incidence of pneumonia were analyzed during several days using Chi-square and ANOVA tests.

Results:

The incidence of pneumonia on the fourth day of the intervention in the first group (35.00%) was significantly higher than that of the two intervention groups (10.00%) (χ
2 = 5.86, df = 2, p = 0.03)). The mean score of modified clinical pulmonary infection in the third group was significantly lower seven days after the intervention than before the intervention (p = 0.04) and the fourth day of intervention (p = 0.003). In the first group, this score was significantly higher in the fourth day of the intervention than the seventh day (p = 0.003).

Conclusions:

Based on the results, the oral care protocol, including four-times-brushing, reduced the risk of VAP more than two times brushing. Therefore, the use of this protocol is recommended to provide a minimum level of oral care and reduce the risk of VAP in MV patients.
Needlestick Injury and Psychomotor Performance as Measured by Pursuit-Aiming Test in Health-Care Professionals
Authors: Pouryaghoub Gholamreza , Azizi-Alvandi Akbar , Izadi Nazanin
Published: May 2024

Background:

Several factors play a role in Needlestick Injury (NSI). We aimed to determine the association of NSI with psychomotor performance in health-care workers.

Materials and Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, demographic, occupational characteristics, and needlestick history were completed for 357 health personnel of a university hospital of Tehran in 2019 through a checklist. Psychomotor performance was measured using a pursuit-aiming test.

Results:

Most of the NSI occurred in nurses. The mean age of the workers with a positive history of NSI was significantly lower compared to their peers with a negative history, and similarly, they had lower work experience. After adjustment for the confounding variables, the correct pursuit-aiming test had a borderline association with the occurrence of the NSI.

Conclusions:

Psychomotor performance had a borderline association with the history of NSI.
Compassion Fatigue in Nurses: The Role of Spiritual Well-Being, Emotion Regulation and Time Perspective
Authors: Ariapooran Saeed , Abdolmaleki Bahram
Published: May 2024

Background:

Nurses experience many psychological problems in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Compassion Fatigue (CF) in nurses and the role of Spiritual Well-being (SW), Emotion Regulation (ER), and Time Perspective (TP) in predicting it.

Materials and Methods:

The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical samples of this study included 394 nurses in Iran who were selected by the census sampling method. The sub-scale of CF from the Professional Quality of Life Scale, SW questionnaire, ER, and the short form of TP questionnaires were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance tests were used to analyze the data.

Results:

The prevalence of CF in nurses in the COVID-19 outbreak was 59.39%. CF in female nurses was higher than that in male nurses (F3,392 = 15.23, p < 0.001); in married nurses, it was higher than that in single nurses (F3,392 = 14.23, p < 0.001); and in nurses on fixed shifts, it was higher than that in nurses on rotating shifts (F3,392 = 5.63, p < 0.001). Also, CF in the emergency nurses, intensive care unit nurses, and coronary care unit nurses working under COVID-19 pandemic was higher than that in the emergency nurses and nurses who worked in other wards (F3,388 = 14.31, p < 0.001). The results of hierarchical regression showed that SW, ER, and positive past negatively and suppression, present-fatalistic, negative past, and negative future positively predicted the CF (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Based on the results, programs and psychological trainings based on SW, ER, and TP are suggested to reduce CF in nurses in the COVID-19 outbreak.
The Living Experience of Patients with Burn Injuries from Art Nursing Care: An Unspoken Mystery
Authors: Saadatmehr Seyed Reza , Sanagoo Akram , Jafari Rad Abdolreza , Bakhshian Fereshteh , Jouybari Leila
Published: May 2024

Background:

Although art and aesthetics are important aspects in nursing care, there is scarcity of literature regarding this area, particularly in relation to patient expectations of art nursing care. This study aims to explore the perceptions of patients with burn injuries regarding art nursing care.

Materials and Methods:

The present phenomenological study was conducted on 14 patients with burn injuries based on convenience and purposive sampling. Data were collected through deep open-ended and semi-structured interview. Data analysis was performed based on van Manen’s Hermeneutic Phenomenology.

Results:

Patients’ experience of art nursing care emerged in the form of three main themes, including “being a healer for patients’ wounds”, “skilled and specialized care”, “praiseworthy care”, and six subthemes.

Conclusions:

The patients in the burn unit demonstrated an understanding and appreciation for the qualities of patience, hard work, compassion, and love that the nurses possess. They also noted the meticulous attention paid by the nurses to their needs, which exemplifies the purest human traits and professional characteristics in patient care and can be seen as an art form in nursing.
The Role of Electronic Health Tools in Unwanted Pregnancy Prevention, Abortion and Post-Abortion Follow-Up: A Systematic Review
Authors: Shahrokhi Seyedeh Nafiseh , Salmani Hosna , Ahmadi Maryam
Published: May 2024

Background:

More than 30% of women experience at least one abortion. To date, there has been no comprehensive mobile health project on the impact of technology on access to abortion, contraception, and post-abortion follow-up. The purpose of this study was to review published studies on the role of electronic health in the prevention of unwanted pregnancy, abortion, and post-abortion follow-up.

Materials and Methods:

The Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and EMBASE databases were searched to find relevant articles published between 2008 and 2018. A systematic review study was conducted on 33 relevant articles. All studies related to the use and impact of electronic health on unwanted pregnancy prevention, abortion and post-abortion follow-up in English from January 2008 to December 2018 were included. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the PRISMA-S.

Results:

Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria for the review. The Studies were divided into four main groups of women’s experiences on the use of mobile health and telemedicine technologies for at-home medical abortion, unwanted pregnancy prevention, abortion, and post-abortion follow-up. The results showed the significant impact of using electronic health on unwanted pregnancy prevention, abortion, and post-abortion follow-up.

Conclusions:

Health technologies have the potential to be used as a low-cost and accessible method to replace abortion services. They can facilitate remote care and quick access to information to complete the gaps in access to abortion. Therefore, it is necessary for health service providers to be aware of the possibility of the client’s access to electronic health tools.
Factors Predicting Mothers' Intention toward Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination of Adolescents
Authors: Azh Nezal , Hosseinzadeh Kazem , Javadi Amir , Gholami-Toranposhti Samaneh
Published: May 2024

Background:

Adolescents are prone to Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) such as Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Although HPV is a preventable disease, the vaccination rate is low. As parents should vaccinate their children to prevent HPV, the goal of this study was to identify the factors related to mother's intention to vaccinate adolescents against HPV.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study was performed in Qazvin from 2019 to 2020. The participants included 126 literate mothers who had a daughter between 12 and 14 years and health system information registry. To collect the data, a questionnaire was made based on the educational model of behavioral intent. Parents were interviewed in person in health centers or via phone at home. Data were analyzed using Spearman's correlation.

Results:

The mean (SD) age of the mothers, fathers, and girls were 39.60 (6.18), 43.51 (7.58), 13 (0.82) years, respectively. They hadn't received education regarding HPV. The mean (SD) of the knowledge, attitude, and HPV vaccination intention scores were 27.77 (18.08), 67.38 (10.25), and 15.44 (18.44), respectively. The factors related to HPV vaccination intention were parents' knowledge (r = 0.29, p = 0.001), positive attitude (r = 0.22, p = 0.010), parents' education (r = 0.22, p = 0.050) and family income (r = 0.21, p = 0.010).

Conclusions:

The high cost of vaccines, economic problems, and lack of knowledge were strong limitations for HPV vaccination. Thus, health workers should have informed parents and teens of the benefits of HPV vaccination. This process should be supported by policy makers.
The Effect of Self-Care Education on Adherence to Treatment in Elderly Patients with Heart Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Eimer Saeed , Mahmoodi-Shan Gholam Reza , Abdollahi Ali Akbar
Published: May 2024

Background:

Noncompliance with treatment in the elderly with Heart Failure (HF) may result in a lack of recovery, a decrease in longevity, rehospitalization, and additional costs. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of self-care education on adherence to treatment among elderly patients with HF.

Materials and Methods:

This study was a parallel clinical trial on 90 elderly people over 60 years of age who were hospitalized in cardiac wards. Data were collected using a demographic characteristics form and the adherence to treatment questionnaire. Individuals who met the study inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group training was performed before and after discharge. The adherence to treatment questionnaire was completed again by both groups 2 months after discharge. Data were analyzed using Chi-squared test; ex. (?2 = 3.95, df = 1, p = 0.046), paired and independent t-tests, and analysis of covariance.

Results:

The mean (standard deviation) total score of adherence to treatment in the intervention group was 39.71 (4.51) and 78.72 (10.47) before and after the self-care education, respectively. Paired t-test showed a significant difference in both groups after the intervention compared to before the intervention, and independent t-test showed a significant difference between the groups after the intervention (p = 0.001).

Conclusions:

Self-care education before discharge and home-based education were effective in promoting adherence to treatment among patients with HF. Therefore, self-care education before discharge may improve adherence to treatment among elderly patients with HF.
An Investigation of Undergraduate Nursing Students’ Therapeutic Communication with Patients
Authors: Ghiyasvandian Shahrzad , Abdolrahimi Mahbobeh , Zakerimoghadam Masoumeh , Ebadi Abbas
Published: May 2024

Background:

Therapeutic Communication (TC) is the process of purposeful and understandable communication between patients and caregivers, which helps facilitate optimized care. Here, we assessed nursing students’ interaction with patients and its related factors.

Materials and Methods:

In this descriptive-analytical study, a convenience sample of 240 undergraduate nursing students from Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, completed consent forms, a demographic information questionnaire, and a TC questionnaire in 2018. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:

TC score of most students was moderate and good, with the mean (SD) of 143.07 (12.86). Factors, including gender (Χ2 = 8.02, p ≤ 0.01), semester (Χ2 = 4.01, p ≤ 0.05), employment (r = 0.49, p ≤ 0.01), and workshop attendance (r = 0.80, p ≤ 0.01), influenced the students’ TC knowledge and skills.

Conclusions:

Future nurses’ TC can be improved by part-time employment and practical training. Conducting more research with a larger sample size from all nursing faculties is suggested.
The Relationship between Perineal Trauma and Striae Gravidarum
Authors: khamseh Fatemeh Khademol , Zagami Samira Ebrahimzadeh , Ghavami Vahid
Published: May 2024

Background:

Perineal trauma is a common problem seen after vaginal delivery, which has negative effects on different aspects of women's lives. Poor skin elasticity has been introduced as a predictor of perineal trauma, and the appearance of striae gravidarum is associated with poor skin elasticity. This review aimed to determine the association between perineal trauma and striae gravidarum through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Materials and Methods:

We searched with MeSH terms (“Perineum” AND “Lacerations” OR “Rupture” AND “Striae Distensae”) and their equivalents in databases PubMed, Scopus, Science direct, Web of Science, ProQuest, Scientific Information Database (SID), Magiran, and Google Scholar search engine without time and language restrictions from the beginning of May until the beginning of September 2020. After reviewing the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and quality evaluation, ten articles were included in the systematic review, and we analyzed data of 6 articles using Stata ver 11.2.

Results:

The results indicated that the rate and severity of perineal trauma were directly related to the severity of striae gravidarum (OR = 8.28, 95%CI = 2.49–27.54, I2 = 86.64%).

Conclusions:

Based on the research results, the probability of perineal trauma was higher in individuals with moderate to severe striae than those with mild or without striae; therefore, we suggest evaluating striae score in the third trimester of pregnancy as a simple and noninvasive method to predict the risk of perineal trauma during childbirth. For reducing perineal injuries in women at risk, some supportive measures such as episiotomy and perineal massage are recommended.
Assessment and Reduction of Human Error using SHERPA Technique in Chemotherapy Department of a Large Military Hospital
Authors: Teymourzadeh Ehsan , Mehdizadeh Parisa , Yaghoubi Maryam , Firoozjaie Iman Taghizadeh
Published: May 2024

Background:

Medical errors are numerous in medical activities. Considering the sensitivity and importance of the medical group’s professions, the emergence of an apparently simple error can cause the death of an individual or even a group of individuals. The present study aims the evaluation and reduction of human error using a system human error reduction and prediction approach System Human Error Reduction and Prediction Approach (SHERPA) in the nurses of Baqiyatallah hospital’s chemotherapy ward in 2019.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the chemotherapy ward using the SHERPA technique. Then, the duties were determined in detail using Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA). The errors were identified using the SHERPA checklist, and the risk outcomes and intensities were finally evaluated.

Results:

Based on the study findings, there are 109 possible errors for 48 sub-duties. The most frequent errors fall in the functional area (54%) and the least frequent errors pertain to the area of selection (3%).

Conclusions:

In order to reduce the errors and increase the quality of the services and safety of the patients, errors can be identified by using the SHERPA technique; after identifying these errors, using this technique, it is possible to prevent the recurrence of the identified errors by careful planning. Considering the fact that the most frequent error was found in the functional domain, modern protocols can be codified in this area, and standards can be observed for putting the problems of this section atop of the priority list and reducing the errors and increasing safety of the patients.
The Process of Deciding Mother’s Role for Preparing Children as Part of an Online Sexual Crime-Free Digital Society: A Grounded Theory
Authors: Saleha Nurmukaromatis , Andreswari Desi , Aprilatutini Titin , Nurlaili Nurlaili , Ema Komala Encik Putri
Published: May 2024

Background:

In this technological era, there is a serious global threat to child development, the phenomenon of child sexual abuse via the internet (Internet Child Sexual Abuse/ICSA), and mothers must adapt to the era’s needs. The purpose of this study is to explore the decision-making process regarding the role of mothers in protecting their children from sexual harassment in the digital age.

Materials and Methods:

A grounded theory approach was used in Bengkulu, Indonesia, in 2021. Data were obtained through focus group discussions on 12 mothers, 4 girls, and 4 female activists (who were selected by theoretical sampling), which were analyzed using thematic analysis. Memos were generated after categorical analysis was sorted after saturation occurred.

Results:

Five theoretical categories formed the core category. The five categories of the theory were “mother’s views on sexual education in children,” “strategies for sexual communication with children,” “the negative impact of online media,” “limits in carrying out supervision,” and “preparation needed by children.” The memo was drawn theoretically, “new challenges in parenting,” which was then made into a core category. The core category was “preparing children to be part of a sex crime-free digital society.”

Conclusions:

Parents teach their kids self-control, awareness, and the importance of using virtual media wisely and selectively. The parenting and technology recommendations assist mothers in protecting their children from internet-based sexual crimes. Maternity nurses should promote reproductive health through the creation of relevant media.
Effect of Implementing a Life Skills Program on the Perceptions of Aging and Self-efficacy in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Dibaj Zahra , Boromandfar Zahra , Maghsoudi Jahangir
Published: May 2024

Background:

Complications experienced by women during menopause affect their self-efficacy and can cause a negative attitude toward this period and lifestyle changes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a life skills program on the perception of aging and self-efficacy in postmenopausal women.

Materials and Methods:

This study was performed as a field trial on 70 postmenopausal women referring to Imam Ali and Navaab Safavi health centers in Isfahan, Iran, in 2018–19. The eligible subjects were randomly divided into experimental and control groups using a number table. The experimental group received the life skills program in five sessions and the control group shared their experiences in two sessions. Data were collected using a demographic characteristics form and the Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire (APQ) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) and were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests in SPSS software.

Results:

The results revealed that the mean score of aging perception immediately and 1 month after the intervention in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p < 0.001). There was a significant increase in the self-efficacy score in the experimental group immediately (F1,67 = 121.89, p < 0.001) and 1 month after the intervention (F1,67 = 121.89, p < 0.001) compared to the control group.

Conclusions:

This life skills program was able to reduce the perception of aging and physical complaints during menopause and improve self-efficacy in women. Therefore, the implementation of this intervention is recommended in women.
Relationship among Maternal Perception of Childbirth Experience, Spiritual Health and Maternal-Infant Relationship in the Postpartum Women: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Akhtarkia Zohreh , Kamrani Mahnaz Akbari , Farid Maliheh , Dana Hoorvash Faraji
Published: May 2024

Background:

Birth represents an influential moment in women’s lives that can be a powerful or traumatic experience. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the relationship among maternal perception of childbirth experience, spiritual health, and maternal-infant relationship in the postpartum women.

Materials and Methods:

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 305 postpartum women referred to Health Centers in Karaj. The data were collected using the Perception of Birth Scale (POBS), maternal postnatal relationship scale, and spiritual health questionnaire.

Results:

In this study, the mean (standard deviation (SD) age of the participants was 27.50 (5.56) years. The Spearman’s correlation test results showed that there was a significant positive relationship among the maternal perception of childbirth experience, the general maternal-infant relationship (r = 0.34, p < 0.001), quality of relationship (r = 0.17, p = 0.002), pleasure with interaction (r = 0.32, p < 0.001), and absence of hostility (r = 0.28, p < 0.001). In addition, a positive relationship was observed among spiritual health and general maternal-infant relationship (r = 0.21, p < 0.001), pleasure in interaction (r = 0.08, p = 0.164), absence of hostility (r = 0.15, p = 0.008), and the maternal perception of childbirth experience (r = 0.11, p = 0.039).

Conclusions:

It seems that to promote maternal-infant relationship, health care providers should not only try to promote physical intimacy between mother and infant but also create a positive emotional state for the mother during birth.
Current State of Palliative Care in Iran and Related Issues
Authors: Bagheri Imane , Hashemi Narges , Bahrami Masoud
Published: May 2024

Background:

Palliative research studies seem to be limited and disperse in Iran. The present study was therefore conducted to review and categorize the Palliative Care (PC) studies performed in Iran in terms of the research type, the type/focus of PC, the measured outcomes in interventional palliative studies and their related results, the disease type, and their geographical distribution.

Materials and Methods:

This narrative review was conducted in 2021 in which both Iranian and international databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of science, CINAHL, ProQuest, Magiran, SID, Noormags, ISC were searched. The inclusion criteria were original articles conducted in Iran and results published in Persian or English journals ab initio in which PC was assessed as a variable (dependent or independent) or the main concept.

Results:

A total of 1096 articles were identified from which only 44 articles were reviewed. The research studies were mainly focused on cancer and majority conducted in Tehran. Majority of studies were quantitative-interventional leading to a variety of positive changes in dependent variables, including reduce in pain severity, change in life pattern, a good response to therapy, increase life expectancy, improve in dysphagia, improve quality of life, reduce patients' metastasis, and increase in nurses' self-efficacy.

Conclusions:

The PC studies distributed across different fields and cities in Iran resulted to a number of positive outcomes for patients. More focused and robust research studies with different patients need to be conducted in this emerging field in Iran.
Protection Behaviors and Related Factors Against COVID-19 in the Healthcare Workers of the Hospitals in Iran
Authors: Toghanian Reyhaneh , Ghasemi Saeed , Hosseini Meimanat , Nasiri Malihe
Published: May 2024

Background:

Protective behaviors play a key role in reducing the incidence of COVID-19 in HealthCare Workers (HCWs), and these behaviors are related to other factors. These related factors have not been comprehensively evaluated and determined in the literature. This study aimed to determine protection behaviors against COVID-19 and their related factors using the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) among HCWs of hospitals in Tehran, Iran, in 2021.

Materials and Methods:

For this cross-sectional study, 270 HCWs of different wards in 3 hospitals in Tehran, Iran, were selected through multistage sampling (April to July 2021). The participants completed a self-reporting questionnaire which consisted of a demographic characteristics form and questions about protective behaviors against COVID-19 and other constructs of the PMT (60 items). Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential methods.

Results:

The mean score of the protective behaviors of the HCWs was 4.20 (SD = 0.56) and was significantly higher in the nurses, women, married individuals, and those with a BSc degree compared with others (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that protection behavior among HCWs could be strongly predicted by the type of profession, protection motivation/intention, and self-efficacy constructs (F14, 255 = 16.34, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

The protection behaviors of HCWs against COVID-19 were relatively desirable and these behaviors were related to and predicted by various factors. These results could apply to developing plans for protective behaviors against COVID-19 and possibly other infectious diseases among HCWs. Further research in this regard is recommended.
Safety and Health Management System, Safety Climate, and Accident Occurrences in Hospitals: The Study of Needlestick, Sharp Injuries and Recidivism Rates
Authors: Akbari Jafar , Ghadami Ahmad , Taheri Mohammad Reza , Khosravi Nasrin , Zamani Shirin
Published: May 2024

Background:

Hospital Safety and Health Management System (HSH-MS) and Hospital Safety Climate (HSC) are the significant elements to develop safe work practices. The current study aimed to examine the dimensions of HSH-MS and HSC and the association with the prevalence of Needlestick and Sharp Injury (NSI) and NSI recidivism.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1070 nurses in Iranian hospitals (89% response rate).

Results:

More than 54% (n = 579) had sustained at least 1 NSI in the previous year. The NSI recidivism rate was 8.6% and recidivists were more likely to be younger, female, married, with higher Body Mass Index (BMI), and on night shift. Two aspects of HSH-MS including management leadership and employee participation were associated with the incidence of NSIs Odds Ratio (OR): 1.91 and 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.69–1.21; OR: 1.29 and 95% CI: 0.92–1.82) and NSI recidivism rate (OR: 1.98 and 95% CI: 0.55–1.74; OR: 1.12 and 95% CI: 0.83–1.49). Furthermore, three dimensions of HSC comprising management support (OR: 1.02 and 95% CI: 0.93–1.11 for NSIs; OR: 1.21 and 95% CI: 0.77–1.22 for NSI recidivism), absence of job hindrances (OR: 1.06 and 95% CI: 0.98–1.16 for NSIs; OR: 1.11 and 95% CI: 0.96–1.30 for NSI recidivism) and cleanliness/orderliness (OR: 1.07 and 95% CI: 0.98–1.08 for NSIs; OR: 0.84 and 95% CI: 0.87–0.97 for NSI recidivism) were correlated with reduced NSIs risk.

Conclusions:

This study suggests that HSH-MSs and employees’ safety climate are significant factors, which are correlated with not only the prevalence of recurrent NSIs but also the single NSI in hospitals.
Challanges of Meeting the Palliative Care Needs of Colorectal Cancer patients in Iran
Authors: Bahrami Masoud , Sadeghi Alireza , Mosavizadeh Rohallah , Masoumy Masoumeh
Published: May 2024

Background:

Despite the high prevalence of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) in Iran and the need to pay more attention to the Palliative Care (PC) needs of patients with this disease, a few studies have previously examined the PC needs of them by gaining the patients', family members', and treatment team's views. This study aimed to investigate the challenges in the way of meeting the PC needs of CRC patients.

Materials and Methods:

This study was a qualitative content analysis study conducted on 43 participants (including 15 patients, 20 health care providers, and eight family members) through purposive sampling and semi-structured individual interviews in Omid Educational and Medical Center and Iranian Cancer “Control Center (MACSA) in Isfahan from May 2020 to December 2021. Data analysis was performed simultaneously with data collection using conventional qualitative content analysis with the Graneheim and Lundman approach. In order to assess the trustworthiness of the obtained data, credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability criteria were used.

Results:

Data analysis led to the production of 615 primary codes, 16 sub-categories, and five main categories. These five main categories included “Lack of facilities and equipment”, “Lack of quality of services provided by the treatment team”, “Insufficient financial support to the patient and family”, “Insufficient psychological and emotional support from the patient and family”, and “Inefficiency of the patient and community awareness process”.

Conclusions:

To improve the quality of care and increase patients’ satisfaction with the provided services, it is recommended that policymakers should meet the challenges of the PC.
Correlation between Quality of Work-Life and Job Burnout in Midwives
Authors: Malekzade Najme , Janighorban Mojgan , Dadkhahtehrani Tahmineh
Published: May 2024

Background:

Job burnout of healthcare professionals results in poor quality of care, making them leave the profession. A direct relationship between quality of work-life and job burnout is not clear among midwives. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the quality of work-life and burnout in midwives.

Materials and Methods:

This correlational cross-sectional study was conducted by using census sampling and participation of 282 midwives working in all private and public hospitals with labor wards (n = 17) in Isfahan, Iran, in 2018. Quality of Work-life Questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory were used. Partial correlation and regression analysis were used to analyze the data in SPSS.19 software.

Results:

Regarding the three dimensions of job burnout, an average level of emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment as well as a low level of depersonalization were observed in the participants. The total score of quality of work-life had a significant inverse correlation only with the dimension of emotional exhaustion (r = −0.43, p > 0.001). The dimensions of quality of work-life were predictive of 28% and 12% variance of job burnout in the dimensions of emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment (R2 = 0.28 and R2 = 0.12, respectively).

Conclusions:

Job burnout is correlated to the quality of work life among midwives. To improve the quality of midwives’ services and prevent their job burnout, especially emotional exhaustion, more attention should be paid to improving the quality of their work-life.
The Experiences of Nurses of Infectious and Non- Infectious Wards of Caring COVID-19 Patients in a Big Hospital in Iran
Authors: Yousefi Mehdi , Ebrahimi Zahra , Fazaeli Somayeh
Published: May 2024

Background:

Nurses play a very important role in caring for patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). They are on the frontline fighting COVID-19. The objective was to explore the experiences of nurses in the surgical and infectious wards about caring for patients with COVID-19 in a large and tertiary care hospital in Iran.

Materials and Methods:

This was a qualitative study. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 18 nurses in the Imam Reza Hospital Complex from April to May 2020, Mashhad, Iran. Data analysis was performed using the method proposed by Lundman and Granheim. The Maxqda10 software was used.

Results:

The experiences were summarized into three categories: (1) experiencing new feelings and relationships with colleagues and patients, (2) viewpoints about managers' performance, and (3) concern about getting infected with COVID-19. Findings reflected similar experiences on personal protective equipment between nurses in the surgical and infectious wards. Experiencing new feelings and relationships with colleagues and patients and concern about getting infected and spreading the COVID-19 were mostly expressed by infectious nurses and surgical nurses, respectively.

Conclusions:

This research results provide evidence of the experiences of infectious and non-infectious disease nurses who are currently caring for COVID-19 patients. Due to some differences between the experiences of these two groups in COVID-19, it is suggested to pay more attention to the needs and required skills in the staff mix during a crisis.
Impact of Continued Social Network-based Learning Based on Midwives Knowledge and Implementation of the Helping Babies Breathe Program
Authors: Hosseini Seyyed-Mohammad Reza , Naghdi Reza , Atarodi-Kashani Zahra , Sharifzadeh Gholamreza , Bameri Ferdows
Published: May 2024

Background:

The Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) program is a simple neonatal resuscitation protocol implemented in low-resource clinical systems. Therefore, it is necessary to train midwives on the implementation of this program and ensure the sustainability of the learned materials. The present study aimed to assess the impact of continued social network-based learning based on midwives knowledge and implementation of the HBB program.

Materials and Methods:

This randomized controlled field trial was performed on 50 midwives who were selected by the available sampling method. All midwives attended the HBB workshop; thereafter, in the intervention group, the learned materials were reinforced for 3 months using WhatsApp messenger. Data were collected using Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), which was administered before the HBB program and 3 months later (HBB guide; 2th Ed, 2018). The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 19) using independent and paired t-tests.

Results:

Based on the results, the mean knowledge score was not significantly different in both groups (control and intervention) immediately after the workshop. The mean scores of knowledge and skill variations did not decrease significantly in the WhatsApp group during the 3 months; nonetheless, a marked decrease was observed in the control group (t21 = 16.68, p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

The results of this study pointed out that continued social network-based education promoted the knowledge and skills of health care providers, highlighting the importance of social networks in education.
Telerehabilitation and Monitoring Physical Activity in Patient with Breast Cancer
Authors: Keikha Leila , Maserat Elham , Mohammadzadeh Zeinab
Published: May 2024

Background:

Timely rehabilitation in patients with Breast Cancer (BC) has a great impact on improving their physical and mental conditions. Thus, the appropriate follow-up method is essential especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to review the different technology-assisted interventions for improving physical activity in BC patients.

Materials And Methods:

In this systematic review, the original studies were extracted from the beginning of indexing in databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science until 2019. Finally, 45 papers were included in this study based on the inclusion criteria for before the Covid-19 pandemic and 3 articles extracted for the Covid-19 period.

Results:

The most widely used technologies for BC patients were in the United States (46.67%). Telephone, mobile application, and web with 28.89%, 15.56%, and 8.89% frequencies were the most common technologies, respectively. Although the majority of the participants were satisfied with the intervention method, in some cases, the patients were unsatisfied due to the complexity of the technology. These technologies were used for various purposes, such as physical activity and functions, control of pain severity, fitness, quality of life, diet behavior, fatigue, muscle strength, cardio-respiratory capacity, as well as arm and shoulder exercises.

Conclusions:

In conclusion, virtual communication can improve the health of BC patients and also increases patients' desire and hope to continue treatment. It is worth noting that in the Covid-19 pandemic, with the strengthening of virtual communication infrastructure, more attention was paid to BC patients due to their sensitive conditions.