bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A rapid appraisal of the status of mental health support in post-rape care services in the Western Cape
Authors: Abrahams Naeemah , Gevers Anik
Published: January 2017

Background: Despite the well-known impact of rape on mental health and the widespread problem of rape in South Africa, mental health services for rape victims are scant and not a priority for acute-phase services. Survivors encounter multiple mental health struggles in this period including adherence to the post-exposure prophylaxis drugs to prevent HIV and finding support from important others. We have little information on what mental health is provided, by whom and how it is integrated into the post-rape package of care.

Aim: The aim of the study was to do a rapid appraisal of mental health services for rape survivors to gain a better understanding of the current acute and long-term (secondary) mental health services. Method: We conducted a qualitative study using a rapid assessment with a purposive sample of 14 rape survivors and 43 service providers recruited from post-rape sexual assault services in urban and rural Western Cape Province. Data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews and observations of survivor sessions with counsellors, nurses and doctors. The data were coded thematically for analysis.

Results: Survivors of rape experienced a range of emotional difficulties and presented varying levels of distress and various levels of coping. Receiving support and care from others assisted them, but the poor integration of mental health within post-rape services meant few received formal mental health support or effective referrals. Multiple factors contributed to the poor integration: mental health was not given the same level of priority as other rape services (i.e. clinical care, including forensic management), the inadequate capacity of service providers to provide mental healthcare, including mental health illiteracy, the lack of continuity of care, the poor linkages to ongoing mental healthcare, and the mental health challenges caused by vicarious trauma and compassion fatigue.

Conclusion: Providing effective, compassionate mental health services should be seen as essential components of post-rape care. The strengthening of support for providers and linkages to ongoing mental healthcare are essential to improve mental health services within acute post-rape services.
A quantitative bounded distance theorem and a Margulis’ lemma for $\mathbb Z^n$-actions, with applications to homology
Authors: Cerocchi Filippo , Sambusetti Andrea
Published: January 2017

We consider the stable norm associated to a discrete, torsionless abelian group of isometries

\Gamma \cong \mathbb Z^n

of a geodesic space

(X,d)

. We show that the difference between the stable norm

\| \;\, \|_{\mathrm {st}}

and the distance

d

is bounded by a constant only depending on the rank

n

and on upper bounds for the diameter of

\bar X=\Gamma \backslash X

and the asymptotic volume

\omega(\Gamma, d)

. We also prove that the upper bound on the asymptotic volume is equivalent to a lower bound for the stable systole of the action of

\Gamma

on

(X,d)

; for this, we establish a lemma
à la
Margulis for

\mathbb{Z}^n

-actions, which gives optimal estimates of

\omega(\Gamma,d)

in terms of stsys

(\Gamma,d)

, and vice versa, and characterize the cases of equality. Moreover, we show that all the parameters

n

, diam

(\bar X)

and

\omega (\Gamma, d)

(or stsys

(\Gamma,d)

) are necessary to bound the difference

d -\| \;\, \|_{\mathrm {st}}

, by providing explicit counterexamples for each case.

As an application in Riemannian geometry, we prove that the number of connected components of any optimal, integral 1-cycle in a closed Riemannian manifold

\bar X

either is bounded by an explicit function of the first Betti number, diam

(\bar X)

and

\omega(H_1(\bar X, \mathbb{Z}))

, or is a sublinear function of the mass.
Absolute continuity of the periodic Schrödinger operator in transversal geometry
Authors: Krupchyk Katsiaryna , Uhlmann Gunther
Published: January 2017

We show that the spectrum of a Schrödinger operator on

\mathbb R^n, n ≥ 3

, with a periodic smooth Riemannian metric, whose conformal multiple has a product structure with one Euclidean direction, and with a periodic electric potential in

L^{n=2}_{\mathrm {loc}} (\mathbb R^n)

, is purely absolutely continuous. Previous results in the case of a general metric are obtained in [12], see also [9], under the assumption that the metric, as well as the potential, are reflection symmetric.
Infinitely many periodic orbits of exact magnetic flows on surfaces for almost every subcritical energy level
Authors: Abbondandolo Alberto , Macarini Leonardo , Mazzucchelli Marco , Paternain Gabriel P.
Published: January 2017

We consider an exact magnetic ow on the tangent bundle of a closed surface. We prove that for almost every energy level

\kappa

below the Mañé critical value of the universal covering there are infinitely many periodic orbits with energy

\kappa

.
Using Research Methods in Human Computer Interaction to Design Technology for Resilience
Authors: Lopes Arminda Guerra
Published: January 2017

Research in human computer interaction (HCI) covers both technological and human behavioural concerns. As a consequence, the contributions made in HCI research tend to be aware to either engineering or the social sciences. In HCI the purpose of practical research contributions is to reveal unknown insights about human behaviour and its relationship to technology. Practical research methods normally used in HCI include formal experiments, field experiments, field studies, interviews, focus groups, surveys, usability tests, case studies, diary studies, ethnography, contextual inquiry, experience sampling, and automated data collection. In this paper, we report on our experience using the evaluation methods focus groups, surveys and interviews and how we adopted these methods to develop artefacts: either interface’s design or information and technological systems. Four projects are examples of the different methods application to gather information about user’s wants, habits, practices, concerns and preferences. The goal was to build an understanding of the attitudes and satisfaction of the people who might interact with a technological artefact or information system. Conversely, we intended to design for information systems and technological applications, to promote resilience in organisations (a set of routines that allow to recover from obstacles) and user’s experiences. Organisations can here also be viewed within a system approach, which means that the system perturbations even failures could be characterized and improved. The term resilience has been applied to everything from the real estate, to the economy, sports, events, business, psychology, and more. In this study, we highlight that resilience is also made up of a number of different skills and abilities (self-awareness, creating meaning from other experiences, self-efficacy, optimism, and building strong relationships) that are a few foundational ingredients, which people should use along with the process of enhancing an organisation’s resilience. Resilience enhances knowledge of resources available to people confronting existing problems.
Entrepreneurship in project management systems: proposal of a model and preliminary empirical evidence
Authors: Belfort Ana Claudia , Martens Cristina Dai Prá , Freitas Henrique Mello Rodrigues de
Published: January 2017

This study analyzes the manifestation of the dimensions of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) and Project Management Systems (PMS). We used a qualitative approach to conduct exploratory research through a study in literature and a pilot case in a software company. Data was collected from semi structured interviews, documents, and records on file, then triangulated and treated with content analysis. The model proposed for the relationship between the types of PMS (ad hoc, Classic PM, innovation, entrepreneurship/intrapreneurship) and the dimensions of EO (innovativeness, risk-taking, proactiveness, competitive aggressiveness, and autonomy), was partially corroborated by empirical studies. New studies are suggested to validate the applicability and setup of the model.
Internet das Coisas aplicada a negócios – Um estudo bibliométrico
Authors: Galegale Gustavo Perri , Siqueira Erica , De Souza Cesar Alexandre , Silva Carolina Bertolucci Hilário
Published: January 2017

The Internet of Things is a technological innovation, based on artifacts and consolidated concepts like Internet and Smart Objects. Its growing business application of Internet of Things makes necessary to evaluate the strategy, benefits and challenges of this technology application. The main objective of this paper is to present the definition of Internet of Things, based on the most cited articles and as a secondary objective, present publication statistics classified by year and related terms, like ubiquitous computation. One of the conclusions is that papers related to business represent only 5% of all the papers analyzed by this research, considering just the papers published on journals. It shows that there is a great field to research on Business Administration.
What Influences Information Security Behavior? A Study with Brazilian Users
Authors: Klein Rodrigo Hickmann , Luciano Edimara Mezzomo
Published: January 2017

The popularization of software to mitigate Information Security threats can produce an exaggerated notion about its full effectiveness in the elimination of any threat. This situation can result reckless users behavior, increasing vulnerability. Based on behavioral theories, a theoretical model and hypotheses were developed to understand the extent to which human perception of threat, stress, control and disgruntlement can induce responsible behavior. A self-administered questionnaire was created and validated. The data were collected in Brazil, and complementary results regarding similar studies conducted in USA were found. The results show that there is influence of information security orientations provided by organizations in the perception about severity of the threat. The relationship between threat, effort, control and disgruntlement, and the responsible behavior towards information security was verified through linear regression. The contributions also involve relatively new concepts in the field and a new research instrument.
A novel latent factor model for recommender system
Authors: Kumar Bipul
Published: January 2017

Matrix factorization (MF) has evolved as one of the better practice to handle sparse data in field of recommender systems. Funk singular value decomposition (SVD) is a variant of MF that exists as state-of-the-art method that enabled winning the Netflix prize competition. The method is widely used with modifications in present day research in field of recommender systems. With the potential of data points to grow at very high velocity, it is prudent to devise newer methods that can handle such data accurately as well as efficiently than Funk-SVD in the context of recommender system. In view of the growing data points, I propose a latent factor model that caters to both accuracy and efficiency by reducing the number of latent features of either users or items making it less complex than Funk-SVD, where latent features of both users and items are equal and often larger. A comprehensive empirical evaluation of accuracy on two publicly available, amazon and ml-100 k datasets reveals the comparable accuracy and lesser complexity of proposed methods than Funk-SVD.
Junior Investigators Thinking About Quitting Research: A Survey
Authors: Stoykov Mary Ellen , Skarupski Kimberly A. , Foucher Kharma , Chubinskaya Susan
Published: January 2017

OBJECTIVE. Junior tenure-track faculty report high levels of stress and low satisfaction; the increasingly competitive funding environment compounds this discontent. We examined factors associated with junior investigators who were thinking about quitting research.

METHOD. Data were collected as part of a program evaluation of an interdisciplinary research mentoring program in an academic medical center.

RESULTS. Of the 62 mentees, 44 responded to the survey (71%). When asked “In the past year, have you considered quitting research?” 39 mentees answered the question; 17 (44%) answered in the affirmative. Those who had considered quitting had lower scores on the Clinical Research Appraisal Inventory–12 (CRAI–12) and job satisfaction and higher scores on burnout. In a regression model, we found that only CRAI–12 scores were significantly, inversely associated with thinking about quitting.

CONCLUSION. Factors associated with thinking about quitting included lower confidence in research skills, reduced job satisfaction, and higher levels of burnout.
Forced Aerobic Exercise Preceding Task Practice Improves Motor Recovery Poststroke
Authors: Linder Susan M. , Rosenfeldt Anson B. , Dey Tanujit , Alberts Jay L.
Published: January 2017

OBJECTIVE. To understand how two types of aerobic exercise affect upper-extremity motor recovery post-stroke. Our aims were to (1) evaluate the feasibility of having people who had a stroke complete an aerobic exercise intervention and (2) determine whether forced or voluntary exercise differentially facilitates upper-extremity recovery when paired with task practice.

METHOD. Seventeen participants with chronic stroke completed twenty-four 90-min sessions over 8 wk. Aerobic exercise was immediately followed by task practice. Participants were randomized to forced or voluntary aerobic exercise groups or to task practice only.

RESULTS. Improvement on the Fugl-Meyer Assessment exceeded the minimal clinically important difference: 12.3, 4.8, and 4.4 for the forced exercise, voluntary exercise, and repetitive task practice–only groups, respectively. Only the forced exercise group exhibited a statistically significant improvement.

CONCLUSION. People with chronic stroke can safely complete intensive aerobic exercise. Forced aerobic exercise may be optimal in facilitating motor recovery associated with task practice.
Systematic Review of Occupational Therapy and Adult Cancer Rehabilitation: Part 1. Impact of Physical Activity and Symptom Management Interventions
Authors: Hunter Elizabeth G. , Gibson Robert W. , Arbesman Marian , D’Amico Mariana
Published: January 2017

This article is the first part of a systematic review of evidence for the effectiveness of cancer rehabilitation interventions within the scope of occupational therapy that address the activity and participation needs of adult cancer survivors. This article focuses on the importance of physical activity and symptom management. Strong evidence supports the use of exercise for cancer-related fatigue and indicates that lymphedema is not exacerbated by exercise. Moderate evidence supports the use of yoga to relieve anxiety and depression and indicates that exercise as a whole may contribute to a return to precancer levels of sexual activity. The results of this review support inclusion of occupational therapy in cancer rehabilitation and reveal a significant need for more research to explore ways occupational therapy can positively influence the outcomes of cancer survivors. Part 2 of the review also appears in this issue.
Atmospheric Chemistry, Sources, and Sinks of Carbon Suboxide, C3O2
Authors: Keßel Stephan , Cabrera-Perez David , Horowitz Abraham , Veres Patrick R. , Sander Rolf , Taraborrelli Domenico , Tucceri Maria , Crowley John , Pozzer Andrea , Vereecken Luc , Lelieveld Jos , Williams Jonathan
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Carbon suboxide, O = C = C = C = O, has been detected in ambient air samples and has the potential to be a noxious pollutant and oxidant precursor; however, its lifetime and fate in the atmosphere is largely unknown. In this work, we collect an extensive set of studies on the atmospheric chemistry of C3O2. Rate coefficients for the reactions of C3O2 with OH radicals and ozone were determined using relative rate techniques as k4 = (2.6 ± 0.5) × 10−12 cm3 molecule−1 s1 at 295 K (independent of pressure between ~ 25 and 1000 mbar) and k6
Assessment of nocturnal Aerosol Optical Depth from lunar
photometry at Izaña high mountain Observatory
Authors: Barreto África , Román Roberto , Cuevas Emilio , Berjón Alberto J. , Almansa A. Fernando , Toledano Carlos , González Ramiro , Hernández Yballa , Blarel Luc , Goloub Philippe , Yela Margarita
Published: January 2017

Abstract. This work is a first approach to correct the systematic errors observed in the aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrieved at night-time using lunar photometry and calibration techniques dependent on the lunar irradiance model. To this end, nocturnal AOD measurements were performed in 2014 using the CE318-T master Sun-sky-lunar photometer (Lunar-Langley calibrated) at Izaña high mountain Observatory. This information has been restricted to 59 nights characterized as clean and stable according to lidar vertical profiles. A phase angle dependence as well as an asymmetry within the Moon's cycle of the ROLO model could be deduced from the comparison in this 59-nights period of the CE318-T calibration performed by means of the Lunar-Langley and the calibration performed every single night by means of the common Langley technique. Nocturnal AOD has also been compared in the same period with a reference AOD based on daylight AOD extracted from the AERONET network at the same station. Considering stable conditions, the difference ΔAODfit, between AOD from lunar observations and the linearly interpolated AOD (the reference) from daylight data, has been calculated. The results show that ΔAODfit values are strongly affected by Moon phase and zenith angles. This dependency has been parameterized using an empirical model with two independent variables (Moon phase and zenith angles) in order to correct the AOD for these residual dependencies. The correction of this parameterized dependency has been checked at four stations with quite different environmental conditions (Izaña, Lille, Carpentras and Dakar) showing a significant reduction of the AOD dependence on phase and zenith angles, and an improved agreement with daylight reference data. After the correction, absolute AOD differences for day-night-day clean and stable transitions remain below 0.01 for all wavelengths.
Soil microbial community structure and diversity are largely influenced by soil pH and nutrient quality in 78-year-old tree plantations
Authors: Zhou Xiaoqi , Guo Zhiying , Chen Chengrong , Jia Zhongjun
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Forest plantations have been recognized as a key strategy management tool for stocking carbon (C) in soils, thereby contributing to climate warming mitigation. However, long-term ecological consequences of anthropogenic forest plantations on the community structure and diversity of soil microorganisms and the underlying mechanisms determining these patterns are poorly understood. In this study, we selected 78-year-old tree plantations that included three coniferous tree species (i.e., slash pine, hoop pine and kauri pine) and an eucalypt species in subtropical Australia. We investigated the patterns of community structure, and the diversity of soil bacteria and eukaryotes by using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes. We also measured the potential methane oxidation capacity under different tree species. The results showed that slash pine and Eucalyptus significantly increased the dominant taxa of bacterial Acidobacteria and the dominant taxa of eukaryotic Ascomycota, and formed clusters of soil bacterial and eukaryotic communities, which were clearly different from the clusters under hoop pine and kauri pine. Soil pH and nutrient quality indicators such as C : nitrogen (N) and extractable organic C : extractable organic N were key factors determining the patterns of soil bacterial and eukaryotic communities among the different tree species treatments. Slash pine and Eucalyptus had significantly lower soil bacterial and eukaryotic operational taxonomical unit numbers and lower diversity indices than kauri pine and hoop pine. A key factor limitation hypothesis was introduced, which gives a reasonable explanation for lower diversity indices under slash pine and Eucalyptus. In addition, slash pine and Eucalyptus had a higher soil methane oxidation capacity than the other tree species. These results suggest that significant changes in soil microbial communities may occur in response to chronic disturbance by tree plantations, and highlight the importance of soil pH and physiochemical characteristics in microbially-mediated ecological processes in forested soils.
A research port test bed based on distributed optical sensors and sensor fusion framework for ad hoc situational awareness
Authors: Rüssmeier Nick , Hahn Axel , Nicklas Daniela , Zielinski Oliver
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Maritime study sites utilized as a physical experimental test bed for sensor data fusion, communication technology and data stream analysis tools can provide substantial frameworks for design and development of e-navigation technologies. Increasing safety by observation and monitoring of the maritime environment by new technologies meets forward-looking needs to facilitate situational awareness. Further, such test beds offer a solid basis for standardizing new technologies to advance growth by reducing time to market of up-to-date industrial products and technologies. Especially optical sensor technologies are well suited to provide a situational and marine environmental assessment of waterways for (i) online detection of relevant situations, (ii) collection of data for further analysis and (iii) reuse of data, e.g. for training or testing of assistant systems. The test bed set-up has to consider maintainability, flexibility and extensibility for efficient test set-ups. This means that new use cases and applications within the test bed infrastructure, here presented by a research port, can be easily developed and extended by installing new sensors, actuators and software components. Furthermore, the system supports reliable remote communication between onshore and offshore participants. A series of in situ experiments at the research port of Bremerhaven and in other maritime environments were performed, representing applications and scenarios to demonstrate the capability for the proposed system framework and design.
Development and testing of a community flood resilience measurement tool
Authors: Keating Adriana , Campbell Karen , Szoenyi Michael , McQuistan Colin , Nash David , Burer Meinrad
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Given the increased attention on resilience strengthening in international humanitarian and development work, there is a growing need to invest in its measurement and the overall accountability of resilience strengthening initiatives. The purpose of this article is to present our framework and tool for measuring community-level resilience to flooding and generating empirical evidence and to share our experience in the application of the resilience concept. At the time of writing the tool is being tested in 75 communities across eight countries. Currently 88 potential sources of resilience are measured at the baseline (initial state) and end line (final state) approximately 2 years later. If a flood occurs in the community during the study period, resilience outcome measures are recorded. By comparing pre-flood characteristics to post-flood outcomes, we aim to empirically verify sources of resilience, something which has never been done in this field. There is an urgent need for the continued development of theoretically anchored, empirically verified, and practically applicable disaster resilience measurement frameworks and tools so that the field may (a) deepen understanding of the key components of disaster resilience in order to better target resilience-enhancing initiatives, and (b) enhance our ability to benchmark and measure disaster resilience over time, and (c) compare how resilience changes as a result of different capacities, actions and hazards.
International Bankruptcy with an Emphasis on Trade Bill Approved in 2013
Authors: Kefayati Soheyla , Ashouri Mehdi
Published: January 2017

International bankruptcy has been grown by international trade. It has been created a wide literature about it. It is one of the essential factors to survive in the international trade space. Setting and enacting laws in this regard remarkably will help solve the legal troubles in the case of international trade. The aim of the present research is to investigate international bankruptcy with an emphasis on trade bill approved in 2013. The results show that new bill has somewhat been able to make general regulations and intended fundamental principles in UNCITRAL Model Law considered. It is done with regard to United Nations Commission on International Trade Law regarding borderless bankruptcy. By investigating different articles of the new bill it can be inferred that the tendency of the legislator is towards a theory of regionalism. Although it is somehow adjusted (regionalism based on interactions). The absolute basis of regionalism has been deduced from that. Therefore it could be said that the legislator has somewhat been lead to the theory of regionalism based on international interactions.
Design and Stability Analysis of Multi-Objective Ensemble Classifiers
Authors: Pourtaheri Zeinab Khatoun , Zahiri Seyed Hamid , Razavi Seyed Mohammad
Published: January 2017

Some important topics, which affects directly on the performance of the designed ensemble classifier, inflict a complex search space with high dimensions on the researcher. So, heuristic algorithms can be applied to find best solutions because of their capability of efficient search in the solution space. Due to the stochastic nature of heuristic algorithms, it's necessary to perform stability analysis of heuristic ensemble classifiers. In this paper, Multi-Objective Inclined Planes Optimization (MOIPO) algorithm, as a novel multi-objective technique, is used to design ensemble classifiers and the performance of created ensemble is compared with ensemble designed by Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) algorithm.Experimental results confirm the supremacy of MOIPO for designing ensemble classifiers. So, in the next step, for the first time, the stability of this ensemble classifier is analyzed by using statistical method and suitable model for stability analysis is specified.
La nueva identidad visual de la EAP
Authors: Aguillón Gutiérrez Dario D. , Jaime Cepeda Magdalena
Published: January 2017

La Escuela de Artes Plásticas de la Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, en México, ha sido durantedécadas una de las instituciones de enseñanza de arte y diseño más importantes en el norte del país. Susnecesidades de comunicación actuales, así como su constante crecimiento, hicieron necesario el diseño de unanueva identidad visual, coherente con su personalidad y consciente del entorno en el que se desenvuelve. Esteproyecto fue realizado entre directivos, docentes y estudiantes de la Escuela de Artes Plásticas, con el objetivo dedotar a la institución de una identidad propia y profesional.
La normalización entre el proceso de diseño y la producción gráfica
Authors: Pozo Puértolas Rafael
Published: January 2017

Esta reseña aporta una breve síntesis de la evolución del Proyecto de Normalización Español realizado en AENOR, a través del comité AEN/CTN 54 Industrias gráficas, que estudia los mecanismos de comunicación técnica entre el proceso de diseño y la producción gráfica. Y presenta las nuevas Normas UNE 54117:2014 y la serie UNE 54131:2014.
Application of the Clark-Wilson Model for Business Intelligence System Security Improvement
Authors: Buława Paweł , Kowalczyk Marcin
Published: January 2017

This paper presents the theoretical issues of data security in information systems, a practical implementation of the Clark-Wilson model on the
example of Business Intelligence tool, performing the function of a telecommunications operator sales module, and an evaluation of the increase of
security of the system created, using risk analysis.
Simulation of Polymer Injection Molding: A New Practical Approach to Improve Computation Accuracy
Authors: Narowski Przemysław , Wilczyński Krzysztof
Published: January 2017

Simulation of injection molding of polymeric materials is still a series scientific and engineering problem. The quality of the input data is crucial for
computation accuracy. The original, relatively simple tool has been designed to validate simulations. This allows a fast identification of the critical
input data, and next their proper adjustment to computations. FEM simulations have been compared with directly registered pictures of cavity filling
process in a special injection mold with a sight-glass.
Programas de transferência de renda em duas Unidades de Conservação na Amazônia brasileira e Sustentabilidade
Authors: Lima Deborah De Magalhães , Peralta Nelissa
Published: January 2017

O artigo examina o impacto de benefícios na economia doméstica das duas primeiras RDS do Amazonas – Mamirauá e Amanã. Na amostra de 920 domicílios, em 2010, a renda média mensal foi de 1,5 salários mínimos e R$ 148,00 per capita. A distribuição da renda se mostrou uniforme (Gini=0,075), com diferenciação econômica ligada ao ciclo de desenvolvimento doméstico – famílias abaixo da linha da pobreza são maiores e têm chefes mais jovens. A contribuição dos benefícios chega a 44% da renda e alcança 87% dos domicílios. A venda da produção – referência de campesinidade – contribui com 37% da renda total, mas em valores absolutos é maior entre os que recebem benefícios, sugerindo que criam condições favoráveis para a produção. Os benefícios ajudam a elevar o padrão de consumo em 30% e aumentam a compra de bens domésticos (70%); significam maiores oportunidades de acesso à educação e saúde, por meio do usufruto de bens e serviços disponíveis nas cidades. Nas Reservas de Uso Sustentável os benefícios contribuem com o compromisso de melhoria das condições de vida. Apesar desse aporte, o padrão de renda se mantém baixo e 62% das famílias tiveram renda per capita abaixo do estabelecido como linha de pobreza.
EUM: It's about Continual Improvement
Authors: Lafrance David B.
Published: January 2017

This month's column from AWWA's chief executive officer is a discussion of the guidance document called “Effective Utility Management” (released in June 2008). The 2008 EUM framework and guidance document is evergreen ‐ meaning the principles and practices can withstand the test of time. However, because one of EUM's five management keys is “continual improvement,” the collaborating organizations decided it was best to practice what they preached, and in 2016 a slightly larger group of collaborating organizations met and examined demographic, environmental, social, technological, and other trends and changes that had occurred over the past decade. The group's conclusion was that EUM needed a minor but meaningful tune‐up.
On Water and Works
Authors: Mercer Kenneth L.
Published: January 2017

Mercer discusses the changes in this month's Journal AWWA. The cover has assumed more of a table‐of‐contents view that should allow you to quickly find what you want to read first. It's also a nod to the past when the Journal cover was a direct read of what was in the current issue. The peer‐reviewed articles have been moved forward in the printed version to increase the prominence of original research pertinent to the water industry.
Direct Potable Reuse: Widespread Implementation Requires Ready Operators
Authors: Walker Troy , Stanford Ben
Published: January 2017

Research has been conducted on how to effectively control microbial hazards for an increasing number of water reuse projects in the United States and around the world. Operators play a vital role in today's ever‐evolving water reuse management frameworks.
Write Consumer Confidence Reports Customers Can Understand
Authors: Phetxumphou Katherine , Roy Siddhartha , Davy Brenda M. , Estabrooks Paul , You Wen , Dietrich Andrea M.
Published: January 2017

Consumer Confidence Reports (CCRs) should be clearly understood by all consumers, but they often fall short of their goal. Using common communication tools, water utilities can improve their CCRs.
Metering Trends Advance Water Utility Management
Authors: Anderson Kristie
Published: January 2017

Continued industry advancements in technology, products, and services offer water utilities many tools for improving operational efficiency and delivering accurate, responsive customer service.
Water Risk Drives Investment in Water Reuse, Alternative Business Models
Authors: Casey Erin Bonney
Published: January 2017

As much of the US continues to face water scarcity and drought conditions, longstanding solutions to water supplies, including wastewater reuse, will play an increasing role in key water‐stressed markets. High population growth and high water usage are driving investment in alternative water supplies. Companies competing in the water space must rethink their business models to adjust to this ongoing reality.
De fremtidsløse tager ordet. Klasse, prekariat og velfærdskritik i dansk samtidsprosa
Authors: Lund Nicklas Freisleben
Published: January 2017

Nicklas Freisleben Lund: “Futureless Children of the Plan”The article demonstrates how class, inequality and social segregation in recent years have become recurring and significant themes in contemporary Danish literature. Exemplified through analyses of Kenneth Jensen’s Tragedy plus time (2015), Morten Pape’s The Plan (2015) and Dennis Gade Kofod’s Nancy (2015), the article argues that an increasing number of literary works share a set of thematic, formaland political characteristics. Thus, they are characterized by 1) attempts to map out the precariat – the new underclass; 2) formal innovations of traditional working class literature; and 3) disillusioned portraits of a welfare state that has betrayed its original promises of equality and solidarity.
L’émergence et l’avenir de la criminologie environnementale1
Authors: South Nigel , White2 Rob , Dubois Florence
Published: January 2017

Cet article propose une introduction générale à la criminologie environnementale et à l’étude du crime environnemental. Il examine l’émergence de cette approche, les concepts clés, les questions empiriques et les enjeux susceptibles d’être abordés dans les futurs travaux dans ce domaine. L’article s’intéresse entre autres à l’écojustice (relative à des types spécifiques de victimisation environnementale) et à l’écocide (liée à la criminalisation du dommage environnemental). Les transgressions touchant les humains, les écosystèmes et les espèces non humaines offrent un cadre général de discussion des types spécifiques de crimes et de dommages, de la pêche illégale à la pollution contribuant au réchauffement climatique. Une analyse rétrospective et un tour d’horizon permettent de tracer les grandes lignes conceptuelles, passées et présentes, de la criminologie environnementale.
La criminalité environnementale et l’industrie du gaz de schiste au Québec
Authors: Vega Cardenas Yenny , Vega Nayivé
Published: January 2017

Le Québec a amorcé une vaste réflexion sur le développement de l’industrie du gaz de schiste en 2009 et a mandaté à deux reprises le Bureau d’audiences publiques sur l’environnement (BAPE). Celui-ci a déposé un premier rapport sur les enjeux liés à l’exploration et à l’exploitation du gaz de schiste en 2011 et un deuxième en décembre 2014. Force est de constater qu’il existe autour de la fracturation hydraulique et de l’industrie du gaz de schiste d’importantes controverses reliées aux conséquences des procédés de cette industrie pour la santé humaine et pour l’environnement. De plus, le cadre juridique au Québec ne semble pas être suffisant pour prévenir et sanctionner les dommages qui peuvent être causés à la santé et à l’environnement à la suite des activités de cette industrie. Les principes mis de l’avant par l’école de pensée portant sur la criminalité environnementale peuvent nous éclairer face à cette problématique. En fait, cette école souligne l’importance de sanctionner criminellement les conduites qui génèrent des dommages graves non seulement à la santé humaine, mais également à tous les êtres vivants et à leur habitat sur la planète, et ce, même si ces activités peuvent être considérées comme licites.
Les femmes détenues d’Unité 9 : entre espace fictionnel et réalité
Authors: Cousineau1 Sophie , Frigon Sylvie
Published: January 2017

Dans cet article, nous nous penchons surUnité 9, une télésérie québécoise portant sur l’univers carcéral au féminin, pour dresser un parallèle entre celle-ci et l’incarcération des femmes de ressort fédéral. Dans un premier temps, nous exposons un bref historique de l’enfermement au féminin et nous soulignons quelques particularités inhérentes à cette population carcérale. Nous présentons ensuite le synopsis de la série et nous brossons un portrait qui souligne la pertinence, les avantages ainsi que les lacunes des analyses télévisuelles. Dans un deuxième temps, nous théorisons l’espace carcéral, les dynamiques qui y prennent place ainsi que la résistance entreprise par les femmes (Bosworth, 1999 ; Butler, 1988, 2006a, 2006b ; DeGraff et Kilty, 2016 ; Frigon, 2000, 2012 ; Joël-Lauf, 2009 ; Lavigne, 1999 ; Smoyer, 2016). Dans un troisième temps, nous dressons des liens entre fiction et réalité en explorant quatre espaces : le secteur des admissions, le secteur de l’isolement, les unités résidentielles et les unités mère-enfant. Nous y relevons diverses nuances de résistance, d’aliénation ou de soumission. Ainsi, cet article met en lumière le rapport entre l’espace carcéral et les femmes incarcérées : non seulement celles de ressort fédéral, mais aussi celles d’Unité 9.
Les dilemmes d’une pratique d’accompagnement en formation d’enseignants. Analyse de l’activité réelle du maître de stage
Authors: Matteï-Mieusset Claire , Brau-Antony Stéphane
Published: January 2017

Cet article rend compte d’une recherche dont l’objectif est d’étudier l’activité réelle du maître de stage dans sa pratique d’accompagnement auprès d’un enseignant débutant, dans le secondaire en France. Le cadre de la clinique de l’activité a été choisi pour appréhender le sens et l’efficience de l’activité du maître de stage, en situation de travail. Quinze entretiens, de type instruction au sosie, ont été menés dans quatre disciplines d’enseignement. Une analyse de contenu des verbatims fait apparaitre neuf facettes structurant cette fonction, traversées de huit dilemmes. L’analyse des éléments constitutifs de l’activité dans ces dilemmes, à travers une étude de cas, révèle que le maître de stage oriente son activité d’accompagnement sans véritables repères professionnels dans cette fonction. À partir d’une conceptualisation développementale du métier qui repose sur un équilibre entre quatre instances : personnelle, interpersonnelle, transpersonnelle, et impersonnelle, un déficit des deux dernières apparaît, laissant présager des difficultés de développement de l’activité.
Selecting the most appropriate time points to profile in high-throughput studies
Authors: Kleyman Michael , Sefer Emre , Nicola Teodora , Espinoza Celia , Chhabra Divya , Hagood James S , Kaminski Naftali , Ambalavanan Namasivayam , Bar-Joseph Ziv
Published: January 2017

Biological systems are increasingly being studied by high throughput profiling of molecular data over time. Determining the set of time points to sample in studies that profile several different types of molecular data is still challenging. Here we present the Time Point Selection (TPS) method that solves this combinatorial problem in a principled and practical way. TPS utilizes expression data from a small set of genes sampled at a high rate. As we show by applying TPS to study mouse lung development, the points selected by TPS can be used to reconstruct an accurate representation for the expression values of the non selected points. Further, even though the selection is only based on gene expression, these points are also appropriate for representing a much larger set of protein, miRNA and DNA methylation changes over time. TPS can thus serve as a key design strategy for high throughput time series experiments. Supporting Website: www.sb.cs.cmu.edu/TPS
Three new karst-dwellingCnemaspisStrauch, 1887 (Squamata; Gekkoniade) from Peninsular Thailand and the phylogenetic placement ofC. punctatonuchalisandC. vandeventeri
Authors: Wood Jr Perry Lee , Grismer L. Lee , Aowphol Anchalee , Aguilar César A. , Cota Micheal , Grismer Marta S. , Murdoch Matthew L. , Sites Jr Jack W.
Published: January 2017

Three new species of Rock GeckosCnemaspis lineogularissp. nov.,C. phangngaensissp. nov., andC. thachanaensissp. nov. of thechanthaburiensisandsiamensisgroups are described from the Thai portion of the Thai-Malay Peninsula. These new species are distinguished from all other species in their two respective groups based on a unique combination of morphological characteristics, which is further supported by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene (ND2).Cnemaspis lineogularissp. nov. is differentiated from all other species in thechanthaburiensisgroup by having a smaller maximum SVL 38 mm, 13 paravertebral tubercles, enlarged femoral scales, no caudal bands, and a 19.5–23.0% pairwise sequence divergence (ND2).Cnemaspis phangngaensissp. nov. is differentiated from all other species in the siamensis group by having the unique combination of 10 infralabial scales, four continuous pore-bearing precloacal scales, paravertebral tubercles linearly arranged, lacking tubercles on the lower flanks, having ventrolateral caudal tubercles anteriorly present, caudal tubercles restricted to a single paraveterbral row on each side, a single median row of keeled subcaudals, and a 8.8–25.2% pairwise sequence divergence (ND2).Cnemaspis thachanaensissp. nov. is distinguished from all other species in the siamensis group by having 10 or 11 supralabial scales 9–11 infralabial scales, paravertebral tubercles linearly arranged, ventrolateral caudal tubercles anteriorly, caudal tubercles restricted to a single paravertebral row on each side, a single median row of keeled subcaudal scales, lacking a single enlarged subcaudal scale row, lacking postcloaclal tubercles in males, the presence of an enlarged submetatarsal scale at the base if the 1st toe, and a 13.4–28.8% pairwise sequence divergence (ND2). The new phylogenetic analyses placeC. punctatonuchalisandC. vandeventeriin the siamensis group withC. punctatonuchalisas the sister species toC. huaseesomandC. vandeventerias the sister species toC. siamensis, corroborating previous hypotheses based on morphology. The discovery of three new karst-dwelling endemics brings the total number of nominal ThaiCnemaspisspecies to 15 and underscores the need for continued field research in poorly known areas of the Thai-Malay Peninsula, especially those that are threatened and often overlooked as biodiversity hot spots.
RelocaTE2: a high resolution transposable element insertion site mapping tool for population resequencing
Authors: Chen Jinfeng , Wrightsman Travis R. , Wessler Susan R. , Stajich Jason E.
Published: January 2017

Background

Transposable element (TE) polymorphisms are important components of population genetic variation. The functional impacts of TEs in gene regulation and generating genetic diversity have been observed in multiple species, but the frequency and magnitude of TE variation is under appreciated. Inexpensive and deep sequencing technology has made it affordable to apply population genetic methods to whole genomes with methods that identify single nucleotide and insertion/deletion polymorphisms. However, identifying TE polymorphisms, particularly transposition events or non-reference insertion sites can be challenging due to the repetitive nature of these sequences, which hamper both the sensitivity and specificity of analysis tools.

Methods

We have developed the tool RelocaTE2 for identification of TE insertion sites at high sensitivity and specificity. RelocaTE2 searches for known TE sequences in whole genome sequencing reads from second generation sequencing platforms such as Illumina. These sequence reads are used as seeds to pinpoint chromosome locations where TEs have transposed. RelocaTE2 detects target site duplication (TSD) of TE insertions allowing it to report TE polymorphism loci with single base pair precision.

Results and Discussion

The performance of RelocaTE2 is evaluated using both simulated and real sequence data. RelocaTE2 demonstrate high level of sensitivity and specificity, particularly when the sequence coverage is not shallow. In comparison to other tools tested, RelocaTE2 achieves the best balance between sensitivity and specificity. In particular, RelocaTE2 performs best in prediction of TSDs for TE insertions. Even in highly repetitive regions, such as those tested on rice chromosome 4, RelocaTE2 is able to report up to 95% of simulated TE insertions with less than 0.1% false positive rate using 10-fold genome coverage resequencing data. RelocaTE2 provides a robust solution to identify TE insertion sites and can be incorporated into analysis workflows in support of describing the complete genotype from light coverage genome sequencing.
Metagenomic identification of active methanogens and methanotrophs in serpentinite springs of the Voltri Massif, Italy
Authors: Brazelton William J. , Thornton Christopher N. , Hyer Alex , Twing Katrina I. , Longino August A. , Lang Susan Q. , Lilley Marvin D. , Früh-Green Gretchen L. , Schrenk Matthew O.
Published: January 2017

The production of hydrogen and methane by geochemical reactions associated with the serpentinization of ultramafic rocks can potentially support subsurface microbial ecosystems independent of the photosynthetic biosphere. Methanogenic and methanotrophic microorganisms are abundant in marine hydrothermal systems heavily influenced by serpentinization, but evidence for methane-cycling archaea and bacteria in continental serpentinite springs has been limited. This report provides metagenomic and experimental evidence for active methanogenesis and methanotrophy by microbial communities in serpentinite springs of the Voltri Massif, Italy. Methanogens belonging to family Methanobacteriaceae and methanotrophic bacteria belonging to family Methylococcaceae were heavily enriched in three ultrabasic springs (pH 12). Metagenomic data also suggest the potential for hydrogen oxidation, hydrogen production, carbon fixation, fermentation, and organic acid metabolism in the ultrabasic springs. The predicted metabolic capabilities are consistent with an active subsurface ecosystem supported by energy and carbon liberated by geochemical reactions within the serpentinite rocks of the Voltri Massif.