bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
СЕКСУАЛЬНА ОСВІТА ШКОЛЯРІВ ЯК НАУКОВА ПРОБЛЕМА
Authors: РОГОЖИНА Оксана
Published: October 2021

Ще донедавна питання сексуальної освіти школярів не було настільки актуальним, як сьогодні. На це є свої причини: по-перше, акселерація, що прискорила статеве дозрівання; по-друге, великий потік різноманітної пози- тивної і негативної інформації; по-третє, природна дитяча допитливість. Вже протягом тривалого часу залишається насущною проблемою необізнаність батьків, вчителів, виклада- чів у питаннях, пов’язаних із сексуальною освітою підростаючого покоління. Більшість молодих людей, спираю- чись на інформацію про особливості статевого життя, яку отримують від однолітків або з різних матеріалів, орієнтованих на дорослих, можуть наробити багато помилок у своєму юному віці, які негативно відбивати- муться не тільки на стані їхнього здоров’я, але й на подальшому житті та благополуччі. Серед основних про- блем, які вказують на дефіцит знань із питання, є зниження віку початку неповнолітніми статевого життя, що супроводжується збільшенням кількості штучного переривання вагітності, можливістю інфікування інфекція- ми, які передаються статевим шляхом та появою серед молодих дівчат матерів-одиначок. Аналіз зарубіжної та вітчизняної психолого-педагогічної літератури засвідчує наявність різних підходів до проблеми сексуальної освіти школярів, що пов’язано насамперед з низьким рівнем обізнаності дорослих з цих питань. Досліджено, що сексуальну освіту науковці трактують у вузькому та широкому його розумінні. Так, у більш вузькому значенні сексуальна освіта акцентує на фізіологічних і біологічних особливостях статей, про- блемах статевого життя, в тому числі запобіганню випадковій вагітності і досягненню безпечного статево- го задоволення. Однак більшість вживають поняття «сексуальна освіта» у широкому його трактуванні ще і формування культури почуттів, гуманного ставлення до протилежної статі, підготовку до шлюбу і сімейного життя, відповідальність. Проаналізувавши сучасний стан дослідження проблеми сексуальної освіти школярів у вітчизняній та зару- біжній педагогічній думці, було встановлено, що дослідники заклали методологічне підґрунтя та розкрили загальнотеоретичні питання статей, статевого виховання, сексуальної освіти, частково висвітлили проблеми професійної готовності вчителів до здійснення сексуальної освіти учнів. У статті здійснено огляд наукової літератури та проаналізовано теоретичні основи сексуальної освіти шко- лярів в працях вітчизняних та зарубіжних науковців. Розкрито сутність поняття «сексуальна освіта» та різні підходи до його трактування.
POLITICS OF RECOGNITION: A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORANG LOM AND STATE FOR CIVIL RIGHTS SERVICES
Authors: Murtasidin Bahjatul , Sinabutar Michael Jeffri , Sigalingging Bob Morison
Published: October 2021

Adherents of ancestral religions stand in two entities as indigenous peoples and as citizens after the Constitutional Court Decision Number 96 of 2016 provided hope for believers as citizens to express their communal identity. This research aims to find out the form of relationship between Orang Lom and the state to civil rights services and to see the efforts made by Orang Lom to gain recognition from the state so that they have access to civil services. The approach in this study put forward Axel Honneth's political theory of recognition by dissecting it through the elements of subjectivity, objectivity, and solidarity that developed in the practice of civil rights services for the Mapur Lom Tribe. This study utilized a descriptive qualitative method with a case-study approach in the Mapur Indigenous Community of Orang Lom, Belinyu District, Bangka Belitung. The data collection technique was conducted through observation, in-depth interviews, and literature studies. Moreover, data analysis applied various sources, both from key informants and secondary data. The data analysis was performed by using an interactive model in the form of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results showed that the relationship between Orang Lom and the state seemed more administrative in nature on the basis of the prevailing laws and regulations regarding civil service and population administration. At this time, Orang Lom can put their belief in God Almighty in the column of National ID Card, but traditional marriage has not been recognized so that it has an impact on children's birth certificates and education services. In terms of the funeral of the adherents of folk religions, they do not receive any rejection from the community while for the organization's administration, the existence of the Mapur Customary Institution of Orang Lom receives recognition from Majelis Luhur Kepercayaan Indonesia.
Bioactive compounds and antioxidant potential of grapefruit fruits
Authors: Šic Žlabur Jana , Družić Jasmina , Voća Sandra , Jurković Tomislav , Družić Ante , Skendrović Babojelić Martina
Published: October 2021

Plodovi grejpfruta značajno se ističu bogatim nutritivnim sastavom, posebice sadržajem vitamina C, polifenolnih spojeva i snažnom antioksidacijskom aktivnosti. Sastav i sadržaj fitokemikalija uvelike ovisi o genetskim svojstvima vrste odnosno sorte. Stoga je i cilj ovog istraživanja bio utvrditi fizikalno-kemijska svojstva, sadržaj bioatkivnih spojeva i antioksidacijski potencijal plodova grejpfruta dviju različitih sorti: 'Marsh Seedless' i 'Natzumikan'. Obje sorte grejpfruta ubrane su u nasadu agruma na području Opuzena. Istraživane sorte ne razlikuju se značajno u sadržaju ukupne suhe tvari (prosječna utvrđena vrijednost 11,55%), topljive suhe tvari (prosječna utvrđena vrijednost 9,89%) kao ni u sadržaju vitamina C (prosječna utvrđena vrijednost 42,92 mg/100 g svježe tvari). No, značajnije razlike utvrđene su u sadržaju polifenolnih spojeva prilikom čega su kod sorte 'Natzumikan' utvrđene čak 66% više vrijednosti ukupnih fenola, 76% više ukupnih flavonoida i 54% više ukupnih neflavonoida u usporedbi sa sortom 'Marsh Seedless'. Također, sorta 'Natzumikan' imala je i značajnije veći antikodiacijski kapacitet (1,68 mmol TE/L). Temeljem svega može se zaključiti kako su plodovi grejpfruta značajan izvor vrijednih fitokemikalija, značajnih za ljudsko zdravlje.
Analysis of socioeconomic factors in the participation of parents in the Ecuadorian educational context
Authors: Bustos Yépez Morayma Jimena , Navas Franco Lourdes Elizabeth , Vega Buenaño Fernando Sebastián
Published: October 2021

Introduction. The family is the axis on which the social structure develops, and that is why exploring how they participate in the school life of children becomes, over the years, something of importance. It is necessary to know how participation develops from some of the variables that can influence it. Objetive. Contrast whether the participation of parents in school activities has something to do with schooling, occupation, gender, marital status, age of parents, region, sector, and type of support of the school in which their children study. Methodology. For this, field research of cross-sectional type, of descriptive scope, was carried out, to check the levels of relationship, among the variables of this study. Chi-square test was used with the statistical software R Project. Results. As main results, it was found that the variables schooling (2.255e-12), occupation (9.578e-13), gender (6.43e-15), marital status (0.04333), sector (0.0006822) and type of school support (0.0001065) are related to the levels of parental participation, while the age of the parents (0.2975), and the region (0.6784) do not have significant levels of relationship. Conclusions. It is concluded in the study that the level of participation of parents in the Ecuadorian educational context is high; the variables that are related in a positive or negative way must be taken into consideration to improve the school processes that need this collaboration.
ATAGI 2021 annual statement on immunisation (Last updated: 19 September 2021)
Authors: Tran Catherine , Chiu Clayton , Cheng Allen C , Crawford Nigel W , Giles Michelle L , Macartney Kristine K , Blyth Christopher C
Published: October 2021

The Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (ATAGI) 2021 Annual Statement on Immunisation is the first publication in this series. It highlights the key successes, trends and challenges in the use of vaccines and control of vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) in Australia in 2020. It also signals ATAGI’s priority actions for addressing key issues for 2021 and beyond.
Mesleki ve Teknik Liselerde İnformal İletişim
Authors: CÜLHA Ali , KAYA Ahmet , DELİBALTA Betül
Published: October 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı mesleki ve teknik liselerde görev yapmakta olan yönetici ve öğretmenlerin informal iletişimi kullanma düzeylerini ortaya koyarak, informal iletişimin çeşitli değişkenlere göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını tespit etmektir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan betimsel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini mesleki ve teknik liselerde görev yapan öğretmen ve yöneticiler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada, Toytok & Doğan (2019) tarafından geliştirilen, 5 boyut ve 23 maddeden oluşan okullarda informel iletişim ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada ölçeğin Cronbach’s Alpha iç tutarlılık katsayısı .84 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde aritmetik ortalama, t-Testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada mesleki ve teknik liselerde görev yapmakta olan okul yöneticileri ve öğretmenlerin informal iletişim algı düzeylerinin ara sıra (orta) düzeyinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Mesleki kıdemi 11-15 yıl arasında olanların mesleki kıdemi 0-5 yıl arasında olanlara göre, okulda çalışma süresi 6-10 yıl arasında olanların çalışma süresi 0-5 yıl olanlara göre, Eğitim Fakültesi mezunlarının Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi mezunlarına göre informal iletişim düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Araştırma bulgularından hareketle informal iletişimle ilgili olarak mesleki ve teknik liselerde görev yapmakta olan yönetici ve öğretmenlere bazı eğitimler, atölye çalışmaları düzenlenebilir. Aynı bölümler içerisinde ve farklı bölümler arasında iletişimi arttırabilecek sosyal ve kültürel organizasyonlar yapılabilir.
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Military Police Officers of São Paulo City: The Health Promotion in Military Police (HPMP) Study
Authors: Souza Diego Ribeiro de , Silva Erivan Nobre da , Santos Leandro Porto dos , Oliveira Laiane Cristina dos Santos de , Augusto Daliana Toledo , Silva Eliane Borges da , Gritte Raquel Bragante , Souza-Siqueira Talita , Scervino Maria Vitória Martins , Poma Sarah de Oliveira , Almeida Mariana Mendes de , Diniz Vinicius Leonardo Sousa , Passos Maria Elizabeth Pereira , Domenech Paola , Silveira Amanda Santos de Almeida , Zambonatto Raquel Freitas , Salgado Beatriz Ferreira , Correa Ilana , Manoel Richelieau , Lobato Tiago Bertola , Oliveira Leandro Barbosa de , Morais Aline Correia Costa de , Dias Beatriz Belmiro , Borges Leandro , Momesso Cesar Miguel , Faria Flavio Gomez , Regonato Philipe Barreto , Pani Nicolas Falconi , Lemos Junior Jose Ribeiro , Hatanaka Elaine , Bazotte Roberto Barbosa , Cury-Boaventura Maria Fernanda , Masi Laureane Nunes , Levada-Pires Adriana Cristina , Gorjão Renata , Hirabara Sandro Massao , Curi Rui , Pithon-Curi Tania Cristina
Published: October 2021

We determined the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among military police officers (MPOs) from the radio patrol program of the Military Police of Sao Paulo State (PMESP). Towards this goal, we analyzed the following characteristics: shift duty (daytime or nighttime patrol), service length in the PMESP, education level attained, weekly alcohol consumption, smoking, and physical activity of 93 MPOs. The MPO groups were created based on work shift [daytime (n=48) or nighttime (n=45)], and years of MPO experience [≤3 years (n=48) or ≥10 years (n=45)]. The overall prevalence of MetS among the 93 MPOs was 43%. There was a higher prevalence of MetS in the group with ≥ten years (53.3%) than that with ≤three years (33.3%); so, 1,6 times higher. The more prevalent MetS indicators (n=93) included waist circumference (76.3%), hypertension (55.9%), reduced plasma HDL-cholesterol levels (44%), hypertriglyceridemia (32.2%), and hyperglycemia (20.4%). Greater waist circumference, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, higher glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, and MetS itself were associated with the service length (i.e., ≥ten years). The work shift was not associated with any MetS indicator. Those who were overweight or obese were 2.2. times more likely to develop MetS. Hypertriglyceridemia, the best indicator of the MetS, increased the chance of developing MetS by 16 times. Conclusion: MPOs exhibit a high prevalence of MetS, associated with the years of service and age.
Modelling snowfall in southern Italy: a historical perspective in the Benevento Valley (1645-2018)
Authors: Diodato N , Gómara I , Bellocchi G
Published: October 2021

The lack of long-term, homogeneous snowfall records is a limitation in environmental studies. Statistical modelling holds potential to extend snowfall records back in time with a limited set of predictors: snow severity and winter-spring temperatures (with their variability) to reflect elevation influences. The annual number of snow days (SDY) in the Benevento Valley (southern Italy) was detailed for the period 1870-2018. Calibrated in the period 1870-1968 (R2 = 0.85) and validated in the period 1969-2018 (R2 = 0.67), the model developed here enabled the reconstruction of a time-series of SDY between 1645 and 2018. This unique series (the longest in southern Italy) shows that SDY peaked during the Little Ice Age (until ~1850), dominated by cold air masses or characterized by winter seasons extending until May (1655, 1684, 1763 and 1830) or June (1620). After the change-point detected in 1866, the modelled SDY time-series declined rapidly (Modern Warming Period, 1867-2018). The atmospheric conditions that favoured snowfall in the Benevento Valley throughout the study period were generally associated with an anomalous high-pressure system located over northern-northwestern Europe and a low in the eastern Mediterranean. This configuration allowed the incursion of cold continental air from the east-northeast into southern Italy. Our results are consistent with similar studies of snowfall in other European and mid-latitude regions of the northern hemisphere.
FARMING PROBLEMS OF SOUTHLAND AND PROGRESS IN RECENT YEARS
Authors: Faithful W.
Published: October 2021

In 1863 a surveyor, a Mr A. Tuckett, was sent south in search of a settlement for the Church of Scotland. He came as far as what is now Bluff, sailed into the Oreti estuary, and apparently looked with disfavour at the land on which Invercargill now stands. He reported that it was a mere bog totally unfit for human habitation.
FERTILITY REQUIREMENTS OF PASTURES AND THEIR DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Walker T.W.
Published: October 2021

The basic aim in an efficient system of pastoral farming must be the highest possible sustained yields of animal products consistent with the maintenance and improvement of soil fertility. This involves the maximum production of dry matter of the right quality. This paper does not deal exhaustively with quality, but it is necessary to remind ourselves that quantity and quality are not necessarily highly correlated. Both yield and quality of dry matter depend on the soil, climate, herbage species and strains, stock and pasture management and fertiliser applications.
PASTURE ESTABLISHMENT ON SWAMP LAND ON A BAY OF PLENTY DAIRY FARM
Authors: Reynolds W.M.
Published: October 2021

Because the initial establishment of grass on swamp country today generally follows a set pattern, with the use of heavy machinery, most of this paper will be concerned with the maintenance of pasture on such land. This latter aspect is the keynote to efficient grassland farming on wet country. It requires constant vigilance by the occupier; if there is any easing up, the pasture will soon revert to rushes and weed grasses and the soil will become waterlogged.
PEDIGREE PASTURE STRAINS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT
Authors: Sears P.D.
Published: October 2021

The main reason for the committee asking me for this paper was to hear some information on Grasslands Division's new longrotation ryegrass. At the outset let me say that although this new strain is still at the field testing and early seed multiplication stage, I am sure that in it New Zealand has another outstanding string to its agricultural bow. This ryegrass strain has been developed over the past 15 years or so by appropriate crosses between perennial and short-rotation ryegrass, with the selection emphasis towards the dense perennial ryegrass type of plant. In other words the effort has been to develop a perennial ryegrass with more palatability and with more winter growth than the true perennial. It is the final step in Sir Bruce Levy's concept of a series of true New Zealand ryegrass strains, from the Western Wolths, Italian, and true perennial to the rotation types suitable for different farming systems. These have all now been produced largely by the genius and painstaking green fingers of Dr Corkill and his team, which team is now led by his protege Dr Barclay. To me it is a classic example of how great a contribution to agriculture can be made by a small group of very high quality scientists provided with good assistance and facilities and knowing what they are looking for. Dr Corkill will, however, agree that the associated pasture and chemical studies at Grasslands, Plant Chemistry Division, and other research centres, and by extension workers and farms throughout the country, have all added their more indirect help, even if only in defining merits and demerits of the various models, and thus in assisting the plant breeder in his clarification of breeding objectives.
FARMING IN THE BAY OF PLENTY
Authors: Allo A.V. , Hewitt S.R.
Published: October 2021

We are confining our definition of the Bay of Plenty to the land covered by the Tauranga, Whakatane, and Opotiki Counties. It comprises a narrow coastal strip extending from Athenree, near Katikati in the north to Cape Runaway in the south-east, and is bounded inland by low ranges of hills rising up to 1,500 ft. The topography varies from easy rolling to hilly, with two large areas of swamp, one centred on Te Puke and the other, the Rangitaiki Plains, near Whakatane
MAGNESIUM DEFICIENCY IN PASTURES
Authors: Moody R.W.
Published: October 2021

A major break through in plant nutrition work occurred in 1958, when G. M. Will, of the Forest Research Institute, Whakarewarewa, Rotorua, clearly showed that the yellow stunted growth in seedling trees could be quickly corrected by the application of magnesium. This showed that the nursery soil was deficient in magnesium for tree growth; the burning question was, is this soil so deficient in available magnesium that a response will be obtained from an application to pasture plants? The answer was a definite yes, and for the first time we had a pasture trial giving significant responses to applied magnesium.
SHEEP PRODUCTION AND HEALTH ON PURE-SPECIES PASTURES
Authors: Mclean J.W. , Thomson G.G. , Lversen C.E. , Jagusch K.T. , Lawson B.M.
Published: October 2021

The primary objective of this trial is to obtain basic data on the problem of so-called "ill-thrift" by relating soil conditions and seasonal changes in production and chemical composition of pure stands of various pasture species to the growth and health of the grazing. animals-in other words, a study of soil-pasture-animal relationships. In addition, the effects of certain trace elements and anthelmintics on lamb thrift have been studied. This paper summarises some of the results obtained during the second year of the trial.
SOILS OF MARLBOROUGH
Authors: Gibbs H.S. , Vucetich C.G.
Published: October 2021

Marlborough is a particularly interesting province because it is the meeting ground for the soils and the farming from the North and South Islands of New Zealand. The central Awatere and Wairau districts have a landscape succession of coastal plains, downlands, hills, inland basins, and mountain slopes with similar soils, crops, and grassland usage to Canterbury. East and west of these districts the Kaikoura and Sounds regions have extensive areas resembling those of Wellington and Wairarapa hill country in soils, grassland farming, and forestry. Further contrast to the soil pattern is added by soils formed from basaltic, ultrabasic, and limestone rocks, which outcrop over small areas. After more than 100 years of settlement the land use has become related generally to the soils, but the connection could be much closer and to greater benefit, if the soil differences were better known and applied to the selection of farm practices. With the wide range of soil occurring in Marlborough, landowners need an understanding of their soils to select where best to apply experience from other districts and how to modify their practices to suit changing economic conditions.
THE INFLUENCE OF CATTLE ON PASTURE COMPOSITION AND SECOND GROWTH CONTROL
Authors: Madden E.A.
Published: October 2021

The observations, over some years, relate to two steep hill country stations where cultivation could not be undertaken and no topdressing had been done. By reducing sheep and increasing cattle, beneficial changes in pasture composition were achieved. In one case cattle were rotationally grazed; in the other they were set stocked. One property is on the East Coast toward Cape Runaway and is bounded by the sea on one side; the hills rise to about 1,000 ft. The other station is inland toward Raetihi and lies between 1,500 and 2,500 ft; the hills are very steep and valleys very narrow. Climatic conditions at the two places are quite different. Mild and fairly equable conditions prevail on the coastal station and there is only a short period of winter dormancy. Cold winters and a longer period of winter dormancy are characteristic of the inland station. Both places have a fairly well distributed rainfall of over 60 in.; short summer droughts occur.
STOCK AND PASTURE MANAGEMENT FOR IMPROVED PRODUCTION ON A SHEEP AND CATTLE FARM
Authors: Larsen H.V.S.
Published: October 2021

The area I am going to speak to you about is exactly the same 12,991 acres as that referred to in my paper to the 1951 Grassland Conference at New Plymouth. This area, with the exception of one papa farm, consists of land which was taken over in bush from the Crown about 1906. After bushfelling, burning, and grassing, the area had reverted so badly that by the 1920s the farms were abandoned to the mortgagees, who in the main were stock and station agents or companies. They in turn endeavoured to farm these areas, but without success, and finally I bought them in 1928 and 1942 for less than &4 per acre. I may say that the companies lost heavily and for many years these areas were, and still are, "blacklisted" in regard to raising of finance. Access to them up to 1920 was by clay roads and bridle tracks. There were no schools and there was little incentive for anyone to stay on the land.
THE ENTOMOLOGY OF GRASSLAND
Authors: Cottier W.
Published: October 2021

I feel that I must start off by explaining that the title of this address is something of a misnomer. I started off with the intention of telling you about as many of our insect pests of grassland as I could, but once I started on the grass grub it was clear I could not do this, as my time was being completely taken up with this one pest and I decided to ,devote the whole paper to give you an appreciation of the control position concerning grass grub today and to describe some of our plans for the future.
SOIL FERTILITY PROBLEMS IN TARANAKI
Authors: During C.
Published: October 2021

In this talk I intend to deal only with some of the major soils derived from volcanic ash, not with sand country or the hill soils derived from mudstone and sandstone. These volcanic soils of Taranaki suffer from two major deficiencies, phosphorus and potassium.
Konseling Keluarga dalam Seting Kehidupan Keluarga ( Aplikasi Pendekatan Sistem, Logo Terapi dan Perilaku)
Authors: Indah Sulistia
Published: October 2021

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengurangi beban keluarga yang dialami oleh NY. S dalam menghadapi sejumlah masalah yang dialaminya sendiri dan yang berfokus pada sistem keluarga. Mengatasi masalah yang dialami keluarga dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Pendekatan Sistem dengan tekniknya antara lain, Sculpting (mematung), confrontation, listening, recapitulation, summary, clarification dan reflection. (2) pendekatan perilaku dengan tahapan-tahapannya.

Berdasarkan hasil aplikasi teknik pendekatan tersebut di atas ternyata efektif dalam mengatasi kasus yang dialami oleh NY.S. Adapun perilaku NY.S yang dapat dikurangi dan pemahaman yang baik adalah NY.S menjadi pribadi yang tidak emosional ketika berhadapan dengan masalah dan orang lain, memiliki pemahaman dan kesadaran untuk menerima ketentuan Allah swt atas segala ujian yang diberikan dan tidak takut lagi selain kepada Allah swt, sewalapun tetap tidur  dengan pembantu yang sekaligus sebagai guru ngajinya, memahami tentang kondisi dan tanggung jawab anaknya pada keluarganya masing-masing dan profesinya bagi kesejahteraan dan kebahagian keluarga. dan menerima kesanggupan anak-anaknya untuk selalu mengunjunginya dan berkomunikasi yang intens.
Relasi Kekerabatan Antarbahasa Sasak-Sumbawa-Bima Ditinjau Dari Letak Geografisnya
Authors: - Irham
Published: October 2021

Ilmu bahasa yang menyelidiki dan mengkaji secara ilmiah disebut ilmu linguistik. Ilmu linguistik tidak hanya mengkaji sebuah bahasa saja, melainkan mengkaji seluk-beluk bahasa pada umumnya. Ilmu linguistik dapat mempelajari bahasa secara sinkronis dan diakronis. Studi sinkronis ini bersifat deskriptif, karena linguistik hanya mencoba memberikan gambaran keadaan bahasa menurut apa adanya pada kurun waktu yang terbatas. Secara diakronis, artinya mempelajari bahasa dengan pelbagai aspeknya dan perkembangannya dari waktu ke waktu sepanjang kehidupan bahasa itu. Studi bahasa secara diakronis ini disebut linguistik historis komparatif. Linguistik historis komparatif merupakan cabang linguistik yang mempersoalkan bahasa dalam bidang waktu serta perubahan-perubahan unsur bahasa yang terjadi pada kurun waktu tertentu serta menyelidiki perbandingan suatu bahasa dengan bahasa lain. Penelitian linguistik historis komparatif (LHK) terhadap bahasa-bahasa di wilayah geografis Nusa Tenggara, yang meliputi Bali, NTB, dan NTT telah dilakukan oleh para ahli. Terbukti sejumlah karya tulis berupa disertasi yang menelaah sejarah bahasa-bahasa sekerabat di wilayah tersebut telah dilakukan oleh para ahli. Penelitian bahasa-bahasa di wilayah geografis NTB yang telah ada pada umumnya masih bersifat sendiri-sendiri atau hanya meneliti pada satu bahasa saja atau bahasa-bahasa yang berkerabat saja, sedangkan penelitian ke arah perbandingan bahasa yang tidak berkerabat namun masih dalam satu wilayah geografis masih belum dilakukan secara komprehensif. Berkaitan dengan masalah tersebut, artikel ini akan membahas tentang: ”Relasi Kekerabatan Antarbahasa Sasak-Sumbawa-Bima Ditinjau dari Letak Geografisnya”.
Upaya Meningkatkan Percaya Diri Peserta Didik Dengan Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok (Role Playing) Di SMPN 4 Kota Bima
Authors: - Imriani - , - Muhamadiah , - Sarbudin
Published: October 2021

Masalah penelitian ini adalah percaya diri siswa rendah. Permasalahannya adalah “apakah terdapat peningkatan rasa percaya diri siswa yang rendah dengan menggunakan layanan bimbingan kelompok (role playing) pada siswa kelas VII SMPN 4 Kota Bima.” Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui peningkatan rasa percaya diri siswa yang rendah dengan menggunakan layanan bimbingan kelompok (role playing) di SMPN 4 Kota Bima. Kegunaan dalam penelitian ini adalah secara teoritis dan secara praktis. Asumsi yang di ajukan dalam penelitian ini adalah jika layanan bimbingan kelompok (role playing) efektif dan efesien diberikan maka dapat meningkatkan rasa percaya diri peserta didik di SMPN 4 Kota Bima. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kunatitatif, penelitian ini  bersifat preksperimen dengan jenis desain one group pretest-posttest, untuk mengetahui apakah ada peningkatan nilai antara pretest yang belum memberikan perlakuan dan posttest setelah memberikan perlakuan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMPN 4 Kota Bima terdiri dari 4 kelas yang berjumlah 89 orang siswa. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 20 orang siswa kelas VII2 yang memiliki percaya diri rendah. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah angket yang berupa pretest dan postest. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan skala percaya diri dan bimbingan kelompok, untuk meningkatkan rasa percaya diri peserta didik di SMPN 4 Kota Bima. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat peningkatan percaya diri dengan mengunakan layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing, dengan rata-rata peningkatan sebesar 10.50 terbukti dari hasi lanalisis data percaya diri menggunakan ujiwilcoxon, darihasi pretest dan posttest diperoleh=-3,935 > 0,05 = 1,645.. Dengan demikian, Ho ditolak, artinya terdapat peningkatan percaya diri dengan menggunakan layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik role playing pada siswa kelas VII di SMPN 4 Kota Bima.
Efektivitas Penerapan Ice Breaking Untuk Mengatasi Kejenuhan Mahasiswa Dalam Pembelajaran Bk Kelompok
Authors: Faijin Faijin , Nurmaya Alya , Muhamadiah Muhamadiah
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi munculnya berbagai perilaku mahasiswa pada saat kegiatan pembelajaran berlangsung. Perilaku tersebut berupa adanya perasaan acuh tak acuh dalam mengamati pelajaran yang diberikan, kurang semangat, selalu gelisah, rasa enggan, malas, lesu dan merasa tidak bergairah dalam belajar. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk  mengetahui efektivitas ice breaking dalam mengatasi kejenuhan mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran BK kelompok. Tehnik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan observasi. Sampel penelitian adalah 20 orang mahasiswa yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok eksperimen 10 orang dan kelompok control 10 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan eksperimen (true eksperimen desain) dalam bentuk pretes-postes kontrol grup desain. Analisis data yang di gunakan adalah uji wilccoxon dengan  analisis statistic deskriptif nonparametrik. Hasil perhitungan statistik uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test (WSRT) diperoleh nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0.005 lebih kecil dari taraf signifikansi 0.05 (0.005<0.05) maka hipotesis yang diajukan yang berbunyi ice breaking efektiv dalam mengatasi kejenuhan mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran BK kelompok dapat diterima.
EVALUASI DAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM SURVEILANS DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS 1 DENPASAR BARAT TAHUN 2019
Authors: Rubianti Irma , Azmin Nikman , Olahairullah Olahairullah
Published: October 2021

Kota Denpasar merupakan daerah endemis DBD, dengan jumlah kasus DBD menampati urutan ke-5, dan Incidence Rate (IR) menempati urutan ke-8 di Provinsi Bali. Pencegahan dan penanggulangan DBD diupayakan dari segi preventif yaitu dengan memutus mata rantai penularan DBD, diantaranya dengan pelaksanaan surveilans. Dari hasil surveilans diharapkan bisa menekan jumlah kasus dan angka kesakitan DBD. Program tersebut dapat terlaksana dengan baik atau tidak sangat dipengaruhi oleh peran serta dari seluruh pihak seperti pejabat setempat, petugas kesehatan dan seluruh lapisan masyarakat, sehingga perlu dilakukan evaluasi pelaksanaan surveilans kasus DBD di wilayah kerja Dinas Kesehatan Kota Denpasar berdasarkan atribut surveilans. Metode evaluasi sistem surveilans dilakukan  secara kualitatif meliputi input, proses, dan output, dan berdasarkan atribut surveilans. Pengembangan sistem surveilans menggunakan metode intervensi dengan mengidentifikasi, mengadvokasi, dan menbagikan formulir KD/RS DBD kepada 12 praktek dokter swasta yang ikut dalam pengembangan sistem surveilans DBD. Hasil penelitian: Dari 12 praktek dokter swasta yang harus teridentifikasi, hanya 10 dokter yang berhasil ditemukan oleh peneliti. Setelah melakukan evalusi selama 3 bulan, tidak   ada satupun dokter praktek swasta yang melaporkan kasus DBD sehingga laporan kasus berjumlah o (nol). Tidak adanya kasus DBD yang dilaporkan disebabkan diantaranya adalah: pada saat   membagikan   formn   KD/DBD   kepada   dokter,   ada   beberapa   dokter   yang menyatakan bahwa apabila ada kasus DBD mereka langsung merujuknya ke Rumah sakit, dan bila ditemukan  suspect DBD akan disarankan melakukan pemeriksaan darah di Laboratorium, setelah itu biasanya pasien akan langsung ke Rumah Sakit. Ada juga Penyebab lainnya kemungkinan dokter tidak ada waktu karena banyaknya pasien yang harus ditangani untuk mengisi form KD/DBD dan menghubungi peneliti untuk pelaporan kasus DBD. Selain itu juga karena praktek dokter swasta merasa tidak berkewajiban untuk melaporkan kasus DBD kepada pihak puskesmas. Pengembangan sistem surveilans untuk pelaporan kasus DBD oleh praktek doktek swasta tidak berhasil dalam menjadikan data kasus DBD yang lebih akurat dan representatif. Hal ini disebabkan karena praktek dokter swasta yang berjumlah 10 orang, selama 3 bulan tidak ada yang melaporkan kasus DBD ke Puskesmas I Denpasar Bara
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA TANAM HIDROPONIK TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN TERONG (Solanum melongena)
Authors: Azmin Nikman Nikman , Hartati Hartati , Nasir Muh , Bakhtiar Bakhtiar , Nehru Nehru
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media tanam hidroponik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produktifitas tanaman Terong (Solanum melongena). Penelitian ini mengunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Parameter pengamatanya adalah tinggi tanaman, lebar daun, jumlah daun, banyaknya cabang dan banyaknya buah dari setiap perlakuan yang ada. Penelitian dianalisis anova. Hasil penelitin menunjukkan bahwa: 1) penggunaan media tanaman hidroponik yang berbeda akan berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman terong, ini dibuktikan dengan hasil pengamatan yang menunjukkan fhitung lebih besar dari ftabel. Hal ini didukung dengan hasil penelitian pada umur dua minggu nilai FHitung > FTabel (8,13 > 4,07), empat minggu setelah tanam menunjukkan nilai Fhitung sebesar 7,99 dengan perbandingan karena FHitung (7,99) > FTabel (4,07) dan minggu keenam menunjukkan FHitung > FTabel (14,34 > 4,07); 2) penggunaan media tanam hidroponik yang berbeda akan berpengaruh terhadap jumlah daun tanaman terong, ini dibuktikan dengan hasil pengamatan terhadap jumlah daun tanaman terong pada umur dua minggu setelah tanam dengan nilai FHitung > FTabel (17,00 > 4,07), sementara pada usia tanaman empat minggu setelah tanam menunjukkan nilai Fhitung sebesar 7,99 dengan perbandingan karena FHitung (7,58) > FTabel (4,07) dan minggu keenam setelah tanam menunjukkan FHitung >FTabel (6,44> 4,07)
PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT BANK RAKYAT INDONESIA (PERSERO) CABANG BIMA
Authors: Sukardi Sukardi , Said Sitaman , Mukhlis Mukhlis
Published: October 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Cabang Bima. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia Cabang Bima  yang berjumlah 215 orang karyawan dan sampel diambil sebanyak 80 orang responden responden. Penentuan sampel menggunakan non probability sampling. Teknik analisis data dengan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui teknik analisis regresi linier sederhana. Analisis data dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap uji analisis, yakni: uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik dengan uji multikolinieritas, uji heteroskedastisitas, uji normalitas, analisa regresi linier sederhana, dan uji hipotesis (uji t). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan disiplin kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja. Uji hipotesis telah menemukan hasil bahwa variabel disiplin kerja dengan nilai thitung sebesar 3,272 dan ttabel sebesar 2,000 sedangkan signifikansi sebesar 0,002 lebih kecil dari (a) = 0,05
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI PEGAWAI KANTOR DINAS KEPENDUDUKAN DAN PENCATATAN SIPIL KOTA BIMA
Authors: Akhyar Akhyar , Iptidaiyah Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Terhadap Motivasi Berprestasi Pegawai Kantor Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil (Dukcapil) Kota Bima. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Desain penelitian dalam penelitian ini merupakan penelitian explanatory research yaitu jenis penelitian yang menjelaskan kausal atau hubungan sebab akibat antara variabel melalui pengajuan hipotesa sehingga memungkinkan diperoleh suatu kesimpulan. Pupulasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai yang ada di dinas Dukcapil Kota Bima berjumlah 80 orang. Adapun  teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan kuesioner/angket. Sementara teknik analisis data dengan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui teknik analisis regresi sederhana, dengan tahapan analisis, yaitu: uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, analisa regresi linier sederhana, dan uji hipotesis (uji t). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap motivasi berprestasi pegawai, dengan sumbangsih pengaruh sebesar 86,3%, sedangkan sisanya 13,7% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain diluar variabel penelitian ini.
Brain structural complexity and consciousness
Authors: Song Chen
Published: October 2021

Structure shapes function. Understanding what is structurally special about the brain that allows it to generate consciousness remains a fundamental scientific challenge. Recently, advances in brain imaging techniques have made it possible to measure the structure of human brain, from the morphology of neurons and neuronal connections to the gross anatomy of brain regions, in-vivo and non-invasively. Using advanced brain imaging techniques, it was discovered that the structural diversity between neurons and the topology of neuronal connections, as opposed to the sheer number of neurons or neuronal connections, are key to consciousness. When the structural diversity is high and the connections follow a modular topology, neurons will become functionally differentiable and functionally integrable with one another. The high levels of differentiation and integration, in turn, enable the brain to produce the richest conscious experiences from the smallest number of neurons and neuronal connections. Consequently, across individuals, those with a smaller brain volume but a higher structural diversity tend to have richer conscious experiences than those with a larger brain volume but a lower structural diversity. Moreover, within individuals, a reduction in neuronal connections, if accompanied by an increase in structural diversity, will result in richer conscious experiences, and vice versa. These findings suggest that having a larger number of neurons and neuronal connections is not necessarily beneficial for consciousness; in contrast, an optimal brain architecture for consciousness is one where the richest conscious experiences are generated from the smallest number of neurons and neuronal connections, at the minimal cost of biological material, physical space, and metabolic energy.
Adipose Tissue-Derived Microvascular Fragments From Male and Female Fat Donors Exhibit a Comparable Vascularization Capacity
Authors: Später Thomas , Marschall Julia E. , Brücker Lea K. , Nickels Ruth M. , Metzger Wolfgang , Mai Ann-Sophie , Menger Michael D. , Laschke Matthias W.
Published: October 2021

Adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments (MVF) represent effective vascularization units for tissue engineering. Most experimental studies exclusively use epididymal fat tissue of male donor mice as a source for MVF isolation. However, in future clinical practice, MVF-based approaches may be applied in both male and female patients. Therefore, we herein compared the vascularization capacity of MVF isolated from the epididymal and peri-ovarian fat tissue of male and female donor mice. Freshly isolated MVF from male and female donors did not differ in their number, length distribution, viability and cellular composition. After their assembly into spheroids, they also exhibited a comparable in vitro sprouting activity. Moreover, they could be seeded onto collagen-glycosaminoglycan matrices, which were implanted into full-thickness skin defects within mouse dorsal skinfold chambers. Repetitive intravital fluorescence microscopy as well as histological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed a comparable vascularization and incorporation of implants seeded with MVF of male and female origin. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the vascularization capacity of MVF is not gender-specific.
SimpleChartsRI: A User-Friendly Web-Tool for Creating Effective Visualizations
Authors: Matthew Michael Spaulding , Khang Sean , Sally Hamouda
Published: October 2021

Data visualization tools can help teachers engage students who are visual learners. Current web-tools that focus on the creation of visualizations are not beginner-friendly and require little support for teachers wishing to implement visualizations into their classrooms. As a result, teachers rarely use visualization tools. This paper addresses the lack of visualization tool usage in classrooms, analyzes why this is based on previous research and current research we conducted, and offers potential focuses a visualization tool should have—through the lens of our own tool SimpleChartsRI—for pedagogical use. SimpleChartsRI aims to help high-school teachers create effective visualizations through a simple user-friendly interface that guides them on best practices.
Linear Parameter Varying Path Tracking Control for Over-Actuated Electric Vehicles
Authors: Gimondi Alex , Corno Matteo , Savaresi Sergio Matteo
Published: October 2021

This paper discusses a multi-layer linear parameter varying path tracking controller for autonomous full electric vehicles with 4 wheel drive. Many approaches for path tracking are present in the literature, but the majority of them utilize only the steering wheel. Nowadays, the massive introduction of electric vehicles opens new opportunities for vehicle dynamics control; multiple electric motors, via differential torque, offer an alternative way to influence vehicle motion. The multi-layer structure, managing separately steering wheel and electric motors, permits the exploitation of pre-existing control systems and maintains a straightforward tuning process. Furthermore, the robustness of the path tracking controller is enhanced by introducing tire nonlinearities. Linear parameter varying models offer a direct way to incorporate tire characteristics in the design process. Exploiting H∞ technique the scheduled controller can be seamlessly synthezised. The proposed strategy has been compared in simulation to a benchmark integrated, i.e., a unique controller that manages all the actuators, approach. During double lane changes beyond the vehicle limits, the multi-layer controller guarantees stability and excellent tracking with an average error of 12 and 24 cm on high and low grip respectively.
Left Ventricular Rotational Abnormalities in Treated Hypopituitarism: Insights From the Three-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiographic MAGYAR-Path Study
Authors: Kormányos Árpád , Gyenes Nándor , Horváth Ágnes , Ambrus Nóra , Lengyel Csaba , Valkusz Zsuzsanna , Nemes Attila
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Hypopituitarism is a rare, often underdiagnosed, complex hormonal disease caused by the decreased secretion of one or more hormones in the pituitary gland. The present study was designed to assess left ventricular (LV) rotational mechanics in patients with treated hypopituitarism. It was also aimed to find possible differences in these parameters according to the origin of hypopituitarism (congenital vs. acquired).

Methods: The present prospective study involved 35 treated patients with hypopituitarism; however, 4 patients had to be excluded due to inferior image quality. The mean age of the remaining 31 cases was 56.3 ± 13.2 years (18 males). The control group consisted of 29 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (mean age: 55.3 ± 4.8 years, 14 males). In all cases a complete two-dimensional echocardiography examination was performed followed by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography.

Results: No significant differences could be found in LV volumes between the controls and patients with hypopituitarism and hypopituitary subgroups. LV apical rotation (8.1 ± 5.1° vs. 10.6 ± 3.5°, p < 0.05) and LV twist (11.9 ± 5.3° vs. 15.1 ± 3.8°, p < 0.05) were impaired in the hypopituitary group with normally directed LV rotational mechanics as compared to the healthy controls. However, 13% of patients showed a near absence of LV twist called LV “rigid body rotation” (LV-RBR). There were no significant differences regarding LV apical and basal rotations and twist between acquired and congenital hypopituitary subgroups.

Conclusions: Impaired LV apical rotation and twist could be demonstrated in hypopituitarism regardless of its origin. In the present study with small number of patients with hypopituitarism, LV-RBR was present in 13% of cases.
A Machine Learning-Based Prediction Model for Cardiovascular Risk in Women With Preeclampsia
Authors: Wang Guan , Zhang Yanbo , Li Sijin , Zhang Jun , Jiang Dongkui , Li Xiuzhen , Li Yulin , Du Jie
Published: October 2021

Objective: Preeclampsia affects 2–8% of women and doubles the risk of cardiovascular disease in women after preeclampsia. This study aimed to develop a model based on machine learning to predict postpartum cardiovascular risk in preeclamptic women.

Methods: Collecting demographic characteristics and clinical serum markers associated with preeclampsia during pregnancy of 907 preeclamptic women retrospectively, we predicted the cardiovascular risk (ischemic heart disease, ischemic cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, chronic kidney disease, metabolic system disease or arterial hypertension). The study samples were divided into training sets and test sets randomly in the ratio of 8:2. The prediction model was developed by 5 different machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest. 10-fold cross-validation was performed on the training set, and the performance of the model was evaluated on the test set.

Results: Cardiovascular disease risk occurred in 186 (20.5%) of these women. By weighing area under the curve (AUC), the Random Forest algorithm presented the best performance (AUC = 0.711[95%CI: 0.697–0.726]) and was adopted in the feature selection and the establishment of the prediction model. The most important variables in Random Forest algorithm included the systolic blood pressure, Urea nitrogen, neutrophil count, glucose, and D-Dimer. Random Forest algorithm was well calibrated (Brier score = 0.133) in the test group, and obtained the highest net benefit in the decision curve analysis.

Conclusion: Based on the general situation of patients and clinical variables, a new machine learning algorithm was developed and verified for the individualized prediction of cardiovascular risk in post-preeclamptic women.