bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sind Hexen wirklich alte Frauen?
Authors: Belzer-Kielhorn Sigrid
Published: January 2022

Sigrid Belzer-Kielhorn widmet sich in ihrem Beitrag der Frage, ob die Hexenfiguren in den Märchen der Brüder Grimm als alt und weiblich definiert werden können. Um diese Frage zu beantworten, beschreibt sie zunächst einige Merkmale weiblicher Altersdarstellungen in der Literatur, wie beispielsweise die Bedeutung von Erinnerungen, die Diskrepanzen von Eigen- und Fremdwahrnehmung und die Spiegelungen durch nachfolgende Frauengenerationen. Danach analysiert sie die Hexendarstellungen in einer Reihe von Grimms Märchen und kommt zu dem Schluss, dass die Attribuierungen alt/weiblich weitgehend leere Schablonen sind, die als Zufallsprodukt einer möglichen Metamorphose betrachtet werden können und nicht als Resultat des gelebten Lebens einer literarischen Figur. Als einen Grund dieser willkürlichen Zuschreibungen nennt die Verfasserin misogyne patriarchalische Überlieferungstraditionen, die dem weiblichen Alter einen Negativstempel aufdrücken.
»Ich war ein Sack voller vergammelnder Träume«:
Authors: Saftig Simone
Published: January 2022

Simone Saftig untersucht in ihrem Beitrag Darstellungsformen von Alter in der Populärliteratur am Beispiel von Rocko Schamonis Roman »Fünf Löcher im Himmel«. Sie geht der Frage nach, inwiefern das Selbstbild des alternden Protagonisten, die Bilanzierung seines Lebens und mögliche Zukunftsvisionen besonders durch die Erinnerung an seine Jugend bestimmt werden. Unter Berücksichtigung verschiedener philosophischer, psychologischer und soziologischer Alterstheorien analysiert sie den Roman in Hinblick auf die Themen Adoleszenz und Alter, Zeit und Verfall, Erinnerung und Identität.
Barrierefreiheit in der Wohnungspolitik
Authors: Slavici Melanie
Published: January 2022

In welchen Ausprägungen nutzen die 16 Bundesländer politische Maßnahmen (»Policies«), um barrierefreien und -armen Wohnraum zu steuern? Melanie Slavici erläutert das Zusammenspiel aus Problemstrukturen, institutionellen Regelungen und Akteurshandeln am Beispiel von Sachsen-Anhalt und Hessen. Sie zeigt auf, wodurch das Zustandekommen und die konkrete Ausgestaltung dieser Policies beeinflusst wird, und macht so auf die zweifache Verortung der Thematik in der Sozial- sowie Wohnungspolitik aufmerksam.
Film als pädagogisches Setting
Authors: Neuendank Elvira
Published: January 2022

Jeder Film beruht auf pädagogischen Strukturierungen, denn Filme sind auf die Begegnung und Beschäftigung mit dem Dargestellten hin angelegt. Gerade die Art und Weise, wie im Film Zugänge zum Gezeigten ermöglicht werden, wie mediale Erfahrungsräume entstehen und Aufmerksamkeit gelenkt wird, entscheidet darüber, wie der Film als Ort der Werte- und Wissensvermittlung gedacht werden kann. Elvira Neuendank untersucht den medialen Eigenwert von Filmen als pädagogisches Setting, indem sie aus einer interdisziplinären Perspektive Ästhetik, Kultur, Geschichte und Sozialität in Bezug zueinander diskutiert.
As a Snake Sheds its Skin
Authors: Paolo Tamburelli Pier
Published: January 2022

Among the ruins of ancient Rome Bramante found the pieces he needed to assemble a much more rigorous system of forms than the one known to him in Milan. His repertoire changed, the solutions typical of the Lombard period were abandoned. This change of style is perhaps the most striking aspect of Bramante's artistic production and has not failed to attract the attention of historians of architecture. To understand his work it is necessary to start from right here, from this glaring fact-and a fairly unusual one with respect to the kind of behavior that, after centuries of romantic idolizing of the self, we tend to expect from an artist. And yet these choices were fully conscious, as is evident from an unequivocal passage in a letter from Guglielmo della Porta to Bartolomeo Ammannati (circa 1560): »Bramante asserted that anyone who came to Rome to practise as an architect had to strip himself, as a snake sheds its skin, of everything he had learned elsewhere, and he proved this himself with his own example, saying that before he saw this city he used to think himself an excellent painter and architect, but that after practising for many years he became aware of his error, and this was the reason that, after having drawn a great number of the buildings of ancient Rome, of Tivoli, of Praeneste, and many other places, studying, noting and learning something new every day, he opened the way to the good and regulated architecture of antiquity.« It is precisely the shedding of skin that took place in the move from Milan to Rome which we need to take as the starting point in our observation of Bramante's work. Just what changed? And what did not change?
Making the Donkey Drink Water, or the "Problem" of Stopping in the Digital Age
Authors: Luarasi Skender
Published: January 2022

The fundamental problem of artificial intelligence has always been how the robot stops; not how to make the robot walk, say »Hello!« or »Good Morning!«; do things so complicated as to make us mumble in awe: »Wow!«, but rather how not to act, how not to say »Hello!« at the right, or rather wrong moment. What is this moment? How can it be found? This paper asks such questions in the context of design and architecture: How does architecture stop? How do we close a design process, or choose among different design variations? Such concern for stopping has persisted in history, even if it has been eclipsed by what could be called, perhaps redundantly, the ideology of self-generation. Architects are always busy discoursing about generation, how architecture should come about, by itself, NOW!, in an eternal present. Upon close inspection, however, we find that the desire for stopping has been there all along, creeping from between the building blocks of architecture, undermining the absolutism of self-generation. From the projectiles of Vitruvius foundering in mud to the 'hermaphrodite' forms of Ronchamp, and today, in our deceptively fluid digital age, there are architects who have paid as much attention to stopping architecture as they have to generating it. This paper focuses precisely on the problem of stopping in the digital age.
Depth in Aesthetic Perception
Authors: Han Eugene
Published: January 2022

This paper reconceives of perceptual depth by integrating Sergei Eisenstein's theory of mise-en-cadre with graphic analyses using eye-tracking data. Contrary to the commonplace understanding of depth-as-distance, it is argued that techniques such as linear perspective simulate a quantitative understanding of depth, whereas depth in perception is fundamentally qualitative. Scanpath information was taken from three recordings, in which subjects viewed a variety of images. Rather than employing eye-tracking as a means to explain perceptual behaviors, it was used to provide an additional perspective into a fundamentally aesthetic problem. Depth is conceived as the collision of intra-image moments that inform a total, yet dynamic 'picture' through a subject's perception.
'Oumuamua: A Mysterious Visitor From Deep Space
Authors: Khalil M. , Said M. , Osman H. , Younis N. , Khaled N. , Amr Y. , A. Mohamed Nour , Ibrahim A.
Published: January 2022

The mysterious visitor 'Oumuamua is the first interstellar object ever seen in our solar system. It was discovered by the Pan-STARRS tele-scope on 19 October 2017. A short overview of 'Oumuamua is presented in this paper. Moreover, we present this work to spotlight on the fact that, there are trillions of such interstellar objects that could visit our solar system.Â Â
Tracking Comets and Asteroids Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning: A Review
Authors: Khalil M. , Said M. , Ibrahim A. , Gamal M. , A. Mobarak M.
Published: January 2022

Comets and asteroids are considered as very dangerous objects to Earth. Machine Learning and Deep Learning tools can be used to identify and track such hazardous objects early enough prior to impact. Preparation strategies require several years, so the early detection of such hazardous objects is very crucial aspect. In this paper, the importance of using Machine Learning and Deep Learning to identify and detect asteroids and comets is discussed briefly.Â Â Â
The nutritional potentials and the fatty acid profile of the seed and seed oil of Caesalpinia bonducella
Authors: Adeniyi Adeyeye , Wasiu Kayode Sulaiman , Olakunle Abayomi Akinyode
Published: January 2022

The physicochemical properties of the seed and fatty acid profile of the seed oil of Caesalpinia bonducella were analyzed in this study, using standard methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The proximate composition was found as follows: Moisture (3.24%), crude fat (41.76%), crude protein (28.63%), crude fibre (4.35%), ash content (2.94%) and carbohydrate (19.08%). The total unsaturated fatty acids (57.36%) was more abundant than the total saturated ones (42.68%). The seed oil had a high level of linoleic acid (28.15%), followed by oleic (18.41%), stearic (13.83%) and palmitic (13.56%). Other fatty acids had less than 10% each. There was a high level of unsaturation (57.36%) with oleic and linoleic acids dominating all other fatty acids with a total of 46.56%. The percentage of essential fatty acids (linoleic & linolenic acids) (32.96%) was also high at about â…“ of the total oil content. The total poly-unsaturated fatty acids (36.99%) was higher than those of mono-unsaturated (20.37%). The high level of poly-unsaturated fatty acids in the oil sample is an advantage as these are essential components of the diet of man. The good total unsaturated/saturated (or P/S) ratio of the oil, (i.e.1.344), makes it to be very nutritionally useful if adopted for domestic purposes.Â Â
Evaluation of essential and heavy metal levels in pasteurized and long-life cow milk
Authors: Atiga Elbagermi Mohamed , Abdulmajid Bin Haleem Antisar , Muftah Elsherif Khaled
Published: January 2022

In the present investigation, 11 cowâ€™s milk samples (pasteurized and long life) were collected from supermarkets in Misurata city, Libya. For the determination of metal contents, the milk samples were subjected to the optimized microwave digestion method using HNO3 and H2O2. The levels of Na, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Cu, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Cd, and Pb were evaluated by Microwave Plasma - Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer (MP-AES 4100). It was found that potassium is the most concentrated essential metal while zinc is the highest detected heavy metal in all milk samples. The levels of Co and Cd were not detected in all milk samples under investigation (lower than instrumental detection limits). The mean concentrations of the detected metals were as follows: 828.05Â±0.82, 587.57Â±0.87, 512.38Â±0.30, 73.79Â±0.19, 2.014Â±0.19, 1.89Â±0.16, 0.178Â±0.03, 0.061Â±0.02, 0.074Â±0.01, 0.053Â±0.001, and 0.045Â±0.001 for: K, Ca, Na, Mg, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Cr ppm, respectively. There is no significant difference in the mean concentrations of Ni, Cr and Pb between the investigated milk samples. Though, the levels of essential and heavy metals observed were similar with other reported values in the literature.Â Â
A chemical review on cancer immunology and immunodeficiency
Authors: Heidari Alireza , Schmitt Katrina , Henderson Maria , Besana Elizabeth
Published: January 2022

Cancer is the most popular reason of death worldwide that many people struggle with it. Although the cancer is dangerous, but if it detects in early stages increases the chance of patient survival. The miRNAs are one of the important ways for early cancer detection that it caused to return an interesting field for researches. All the miRNAs havenâ€™t any role in cancer detection. The Quantum Genetic Algorithm (QGA) is a developed Genetic Algorithm (GA) that by using of quantum computing on top of the genetic algorithm to alleviate the pre convergence problem. The interest of this study is to adopt the QGA for solving of informative miRNAs selection and irrelevant miRNAs removing problem. However, in the suggested algorithm, SVM classifier performance and the dimension of the selected feature vector are dependent on heuristic information for QGA. As a result, the proposed approach selects the adaptive feature subset with respect to the shortest feature dimension and the improved performance of the classifier. The performances of this method are evaluated on the popular data set which the experimental results show that since QGA-SVM is used as one of wrapper methods, as a result, its overall performance is better separation between normal and cancer expression for all types of cancer and better classification rate.Â Â
Method development and validation of clobazam in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms by using high performance thin layer chromatographic method
Authors: R Chaithra , Kumar GP Senthil , P. Poojashree. , DN Vidya , DR Bhadresh , S. Manojkumar.
Published: January 2022

In the present research a simple, accurate, precise and cost-effective High-performance thin layer chromatographic method for the estimation of clobazam, in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form was illustrated. The RF value of the drug was found to be 0.74 in the mobile phase, acetone: toluene: formic acid (1: 1: 0.05 v/v/v). A linear response was observed in the range of 100-700 ng with a regression coefficient of 0.999. Validation parameters were carried out as per the guidelines of International Conference for Harmonization (ICH). This method can be used in the industries for determination of clobazam to analyze the quality of formulation without interference of the excipients.Â
An encyclopedic review on stereotactic hypofrac tionated radiotherapy, re-irradiation, and cancer genome research
Authors: Heidari Alireza , Peterson Victoria
Published: January 2022

Cancer is a disease that humans have been involved with, and scientists have done great efforts to treat it. But they have not had much success, On the other hand Nano science as a new scientific in various branches of science have been made many changes. Hence can be used to treat cancer of Nano science. Currently, cancer treatment is such that drugs used are not selectivity. The cancer cells are not specifically identified, it destroys healthy tissue and cause harm to the human body. So if we can reduce drug dose of the drug to the targeted tissue must be, we have partially solved the problem. With earlier studies, researchers in the field of folate and gold nanoclusters have done, specified in the detection and destruction of cancer cells are highly effective and very promising future. The gold nanoclusters were used because it has unique properties such as adsorption of heat for the destruction of cancer cells and is also well connected to the folate. the 4-aminothiophenol (4Atp) is one of the best linker for binding folate and gold Nano clusters. In this study we used computational method for computing stability of complex (folate and Nano clusters) and geometrical and physicochemical properties.Â
Comparative viscometric study of pure and acetylated gum Arabic using different plot methods
Authors: S.I Alhassan , S.Y Sule , R. Murtala , H.I Rasheed , A.A Baso , F.A Sheshe , S.C Jafar
Published: January 2022

Acetylation of gum Arabic was achieved using acetic anhydride as solvent. The ester group formed was confirmed by FTIR spectra having absorption band of 750 cm-1 â€“ 700 cm-1. Viscometric study of the pure and acetylated samples was carried out. Relative viscosity of acetylated gum was found to be higher than that of the pure gum. Intrinsic viscosity was determined for the two samples using different plot methods taking Hugginâ€™s plot as standard. The intrinsic viscosity was found to be 86.43 cm3/g and 64.59 cm3/g for acetylated and pure gum arabic respectively. Relative errors of other methods for the two samples was compared to that of Huggins and the plots that are most comparable to Huggins with relative errors less than 5% are; Martin, Lyon-Tobolsky, Staudinger-Heuer, Maron-Reznik and our proposed method. The proposed method which was a modification of the Kreiser method gave relative error less than 2 %, for both pure and modified gum. Whereas the Kreiser method gave relative error greater than 15 % for both methods. The critical concentration for the samples was found to be 0.0116 g/cm3 and 0.0155 g/cm3 for acetylated and pure gum respectively. This shows that there was no molecule-molecule entanglements during viscosity measurements.Â
Study of ternary association of anti-microbial drug 1, 10-phenanthroline and Î± - amino acid with copper salt, an ultrasonic investigation of competitive interaction
Authors: Kumar Sahoo Ashok , Kumar Pradhan Sunil , Kumar Patnaik Ajaya , Das Smrutiprava
Published: January 2022

Molecular interaction studies using ultrasonic technique and spectroscopic investigation in ternary liquid mixture of drug 1,10-Phenanthroline, an Î±- amino acid Glycine and a transition metal salt like CuCl2 in aqueous medium has been carried out at 300.15K and 2 MHz frequency. Using experimental values of density (Ï),ultrasonic velocity (U) and UV analysis, different acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (Î²),intermolecular free length (Lf), acoustic impedance (z),relative association (RA),apparent molar volume (Vâˆ…), apparent molar adiabatic compressibility (Kâˆ…) are evaluated for the mixture of drug, glycine and inorganic salt CuCl2 at various concentrations. The ultrasonic and spectroscopic investigation clearly shows coordinative association of drug as a ligand with transition metal salt. Further interaction of glycine as an Î±- amino acid indicates a competitive association in the ternary system. The outcomes were expressed in terms of molecular interactions and the variation in parameters under varying solute concentrations providing conclusive remarks regarding the strength of intermolecular interactions in the ternary system with a bio-physical novelty.Â
Synthesis and characterization of pullulan derived hydrogel matrix as carrier for slow release of anti-cancer drug
Authors: Bello Kabiru
Published: January 2022

The present study is aimed at designing a pullulan based hydrogel through grafting technique for slow release of fluorouracil drug. To achieve this, pullulan grafted acrylic acid was synthesized and characterized by FTIR, and FESEM analyses. Swelling was done in different pH solutions with better swelling in pH 2. As such, the drug loading was done in the specified pH environment. The release profile revealed that more than 90 % of the drug could be released within 5 days. The prepared hydrogel may be considered as stimuli responsive materials for oral drug delivery of anti-cancer drugs.Â Â
Formulation of Paint using Natural Pigment from Lawsonia Inermis Leaves
Authors: Y. Abba Z. , M.Gumel S. , A.Idris A. , A.Ibrahim M.
Published: January 2022

The increased application of paint in coating industry for interior and exterior decoration and corrosion inhibition, has inspired research in paint formulations. However, due to the toxic effect of preparatory chemicals used in paints, and the restrictive environmental legislation, research efforts have been directed to a more green process. In this work colouring matter from Lawsonia inermis leaves were extracted using water and analyzed by TLC and FTIR spectroscopy. White emulsion paint was formulated using pigment volume concentration (PVC) of 0.07%, the colouring matter extract was dispersed providing colour for the paint. The paint produced with the natural colourant was found to have similar properties with the paint produced using commercial pigment. Paint produced with aqueous extract faded under exposure to 5000 watts Tungsten Lamp after 48 hours but showed excellent fastness to rubbing. The extract induced excellent brownish colouration in the paint which maintained excellent, opacity, adhesion and good water resistance.Â Â Â
Development and validatation of HPTLC method for estimation of irbesartan in bulk and tablet dosage form
Authors: C S Yogeesh , H G Sowmya , Gnana Babu C Jose
Published: January 2022

A simple, rapid and accurate High performance thin layer chromatography is described for the Development and validation of HPTLC method for Irbesartan in bulk and Pharmaceutical dosage form. The separation is carried out on Merck TLC aluminum sheets of silica gel 60 F254 using Ethyl acetate: Chloroform (6.5:3.5v/v) mobile phase. Quantification was done by Densitometric scanning at 254nm. The linearity was found to be the range of 100-500ng/spot for Irbesartan with the correlation coefficient of 0.9992. The regression equation was found to be Y=7.2733x+703.15. The Rf value of Irbesartan was found to be 0.55. The LOD and LOQ were found to 8.24 and 24.74 respectively. Average recovery was found to be 99.66% which show that the method was free from interference from excipients present in the formulation. Simultaneously the Percentage relative standard deviation was well within the range of 2%. The above method was validated according to the ICH guidelines. The established method enabled accurate, precise and applied to the analysis of Irbesartan in bulk and Pharmaceutical dosage form.Â Â
Hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) determination of total arsenic in lipstick
Authors: E. Ghanjaoui M. , Adraoui I. , Gammoun A. , Cervera L. , El Rhazi M. , De la Guardia M.
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to determine the total arsenic concentration in lipsticks and evaluate the potential health risks due to daily ingestion of this toxic element from this product. The samples were analyzed using atomic fluorescence spectrometry technique after mineralization and hydride generation (HG-AFS). The calibration curve is linear over a concentration range from 0.125 to 2 Âµg L-1 with a regression coefficient of the order of 0.9899. The limit of detection is reaches 3 ng g-1. The standard deviation is of the order of 4%.The accuracy of this method was evaluated by calculating the recoveries of additions of arsenic to three lipstick samples. These results indicate recovery rates between 91% and 98%. Finely, the results found demonstrate that the method used in this work is suitable for arsenic detection in lipsticks samples.Â Â
Development and validation of HPTLC method for the estimation of cefadroxil in bulk and tablet dosage form
Authors: S V Kirankumar , Gnana Babu C. Jose , H G Sowmya
Published: January 2022

A novel and simple HPTLC method has been developed for the estimation of Cefadroxil (CFD) in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form on silica gel precoated aluminum 60F254 plates, (10 cm x10 cm) with 0.25 mm thickness. The separation was carried out using ethyl acetate: chloroform (8:2v/v) as mobile phase. The Chromatographic scanning was carried out at 254 nm. The Rf (Â± SD) values were found to be 0.38 Â± 0.05 for CFD. The linearity for analyte was in the range 100-500 ng/band for CFD with correlation coefficients, r2 = 0.9996. The percentage recovery obtained for CFD was in the range of 99.28-100.13% respectively. The proposed method was optimized and validated as per the ICH guidelines17.Â Â
Molecular interaction on imidazolium based ionic liquids and serum albumin: A spectroscopy approach
Authors: Kumar Banjare Manoj , Kumar Banjare Ramesh , Kumar Ghosh Kallol
Published: January 2022

Interaction between globular proteins with imidazolium based ionic liquids (ILs) is extremely significant considering that of the vast use of ILs, since protein stabilizer in the current years. The present work, the interaction of human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium octylsulphate (BmimOS) and 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (DmimBF4) have been examine the use of fluorescence and FTIR. Fluorescence spectra of HSA/BSA are extinguished by BmimOS /DmimBF4 ILs by way of the dynamic method. The various thermodynamic parameters were revealing that very susceptible interactions exist between HSA/BSA and BmimOS /DmimBF4. The conformational adjustments of HSA/BSA were observed by means of FTIR analysis. Fluorescence methods were completed to find out about the thermal balance of HSA/BSA at different temperature. The thermal balance of BSA in the presence of ILs follows the style BmimOS/DmimBF4 and presence of extra hydrophobic IL, decay increases swiftly as a characteristic of concentration.Â Â
Biogas production from blends of fonio husk and donkey dung via anaerobic digestion for sustainable development
Authors: Harrison Ogala , Ayodeji Rapheal Ige
Published: January 2022

There is growing public concern over potential impact on environmental quality caused by animal wastes. Anaerobic digestion, a biological conversion process can be used to obtain energy from biologicall wastes. This study explored the production of biogas from co-digestion of fonio hus and donkey dung using anaerobic biological conversion. The digesters were labeled as; digester A â€“Fonio husk only, digester B - donkey dung only, digester C â€“ Fonio husk (300g) and Donkey Dung (200g), digester D â€“ Fonio husk (200g) and donkey dung (300g). Proximate analysis of the substrates before and after digestion were determined such as total solids (TS), volatile solid, carbon content, nitrogen content, ash content, etc., and pH before and after digestion process. The biogas produced during this period was collected by water displacement method and subsequently measured. The results showed that Fonio husk in bio-digesters A and B gave a cumulative average biogas volume of 4972 ml and 5222 ml (week 3) while pig dung in bio-digesters C and D gave a cumulative average biogas volume of 5564 ml and 5978 respectively (week 3) within three weeks of fermentation. The digester is capable of producing 0.007m at average working temperature of 320C. Digester D produces higher volume of biogas as a result of improved nutrient provide by donkey dung as shown in the results obtained from the proximate analysis and has the best neutral pH, there was a reduction in the startup time.Â Â
Phytochemistry and antibacterial activity of the methanol, petroleum ether and aqueous extracts of the leaves, stem bark and roots of bobgunnia fistuloides
Authors: E. Anwani Samuel , B. Etsuyankpa Muhammed , P.I. Ogah Suleman. , K. Mensah Peter
Published: January 2022

Ethno-medicinally, Bobgunnia fistuloides parts (leaves, bark and roots) have been used by the Nupe communities in Niger State, Nigeria to treat various diseases for decades. The phytochemical and antibacterial activity of the methanol, petroleum ether and aqueous extracts of the leaves, roots and stem bark of Bobgunnia fistuloides were investigated using standard methods. The leaves, roots and stem bark of Bobgunnia fistuloides plant were collected from Binin village, Gbako Local Government Area (LGA) in Niger State Nigeria. The antibacterial activities of the plant extracts were determined using 5 pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoneae, Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli). The result of the phytochemicals, in mg/100 g, revealed the values of 479.73Â±0.20, 465.98Â±0.14, 482.77Â±0.17; 1.71Â±0.06, 25.14Â±0.02, 23.90Â±0.03; 29.09Â±0.20, 36.77Â±0.06, 24.79Â±0.14; 22.40Â±0.02, 25.14Â±0.02, 23.90Â±0.03; 577.29Â±0.24, 586.52Â±0.11, 230.19Â±0.03 respectively for the phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and saponnins contents of the roots; leaves and stem bark of the plant. In this study, the saponnins and phenol contents of the plant parts were relatively higher than the other parameters investigated. The leaves were found to contain more active principles, followed by the roots and stem bark. Based on the antibacterial activities, the result revealed that the respective zones of inhibition of the growths of the test microorganisms, with the exception of the aqueous leaves extract (against Staphylococci aureus; 25.00Â±1.00 mm) recorded highest values for the petroleum ether extracts of the stem bark (32.67Â±0.58, 33.00Â±1.00, 31,67Â±0.58 and 35.10Â±1.00 mm for E. coli, B. subtilis, S. typhii and K. pneumonea respectively). Statistically, Klebsiella pneumoneae (17.13Â±0.00 mm) recorded the highest average zones of inhibition based on the susceptibility of the pathogens to the extracts, followed by Salmonella typhi (16.92Â±1.00mm). The least zone of inhibition (12.00Â±0.50 mm) was recorded for B. subtilis using the stem bark aqueous extract of the plant while the highest value was recorded for the petroleum stem bark extract against K. pneumonea (35.00Â±1.00 mm). The MIC and MBC of the extracts ranged from 12.50 to 100.00 mg/cm3 respectively. The phytochemical components and antibacterial activities of the plant extracts in this study support the therapeutic value and the ethno-medicinal applications of this plant by the Nupe communities of Niger State Nigeria.Â Â Â
Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of silver nanoparticles embedded alkyd resin derived from pine seed oil
Authors: Magaji A , Musa H , A Sheshe F , I Alhassan S
Published: January 2022

Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by reducing 0.1mmol silver Nitrate salt with 5ml of neem leaf extract, in an environmental friendly process. The nanoparticles were tested to have strong zones of inhibition on the antibacterial and antifungal isolates; E. Coli, staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus fumigatus, and mucor species used. UV-visible spectrophotometric analysis was carried out on both the silver nitrate salt and silver nanoparticles, which show bathochromic shift from 221nm (AgNO3) to 440nm (AgNPs). Pine seed oil was condensed to alkyd resin via two step reactions; alcoholysis and esterification reactions respectively, and was characterized by FTIR, acid value and viscometric measurement. Antimicrobial evaluation was carried out on the pine seed oil with its alkyd resin. Pine alkyd resin was used in the formulation of paints with percentage Pigment Volume Concentrations (%PVC) 4 and 5% respectively, and is classified as automotive clearcoat. Chemical resistance, scratch resistance, light fastness, and drying schedule tests were conducted on the paints and are found to exhibit good properties which are similar to commercial paints. Antimicrobial evaluation of the paints incorporated with silver nanoparticles revealed more inhibition zones than those without silver nanoparticles.Â Â
Analysis of Herbicides Residues of Farmland Soil Samples in Some Selected Villages from Pankshin Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: M Gudam T. , A Shibdawa M. , Y Chindo I. , W Lungfa C.
Published: January 2022

Most recently, there has been an increase in the use of herbicides to control weeds by farmers in Pankshin Local Government Area (LGA), Plateau State. The use of herbicides in farming activities has significantly provided more hope and assurance for sustainable food security in most countries of the world as bumper harvest have always been recorded.in its usage however the residues of the herbicides after successive accumulation by the years could be a threat to humans and other non-target organisms after they have performed their primary roles. From an interview with the farmers it was discovered that glyphosate, paraquat dichloride and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid are mostly used within the study area which are hazardous and should be handled with utmost care. Soil samples were obtained from Bumnan, Bwarak, Larpya and control. The samples were pretreated and subjected to the following analysis: Extractions, crystallization and recrystallization with the aid of acetone, dichloromethane, hexane and methanol as solvents. Physicochemical properties of the soil samples were determined and the following range of results were obtained: pH 5.2-5.3, % organic matter 4.02-8.23, EC 10-50 ÂµS/cm, residual moisture 0.5-3.0% and CEC 16.52-29.63cmolKg-1. GC analysis was carried out on the crystals and extracts to determine the herbicides concentrations and the following results were obtained in mg/kg: Bumnan â€“ 0.005 and 0.026, Bwarak- 0.004 and 0.008, Larpya- 0.015 and 0.033 and control 0.002 and 0.007 concentrations of 4, 4- bipyridine and 2,4-diphynoxyacetic acid respectively.Â Â
Physico-chemical and combustion analyses of bio-briquettes from biochar produced from pyrolysis of groundnut shell
Authors: Ayodeji Rapheal Ige , Cosmos Moki Elinge , Muhammad Aliyu , Mohammed Gwani , Gusau Hassan Lawal , Umar BirninYauri Abubakar
Published: January 2022

The initiative of using biomass as a preference source of energy is vindicated by its availability, abundance, easy accessibility and its eco-friendly nature. This therefore calls for the conversion of agricultural wastes to usable form. This study is aimed to investigate the physicochemical and combustion properties of briquettes obtained from pyrolyzed biochar of groundnut shell. The groundnut shell biochar briquette bonded with cassava starch as binder were molded and analyzed. Proximate analysis, ultimate analyses, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Calorific values, density and compressive strength, among other properties, were determined for the fabricated briquettes. A high heating value of 45.20 MJ/Kg was recorded for groundnut shell biochar briquette compared to 25.20 MJ/Kg of raw groundnut shell briquette. While the ash contents of 5.12 % and 6.40 % were recorded for raw groundnut shell briquette and groundnut shell biochar briquette respectively. It took groundnut shell biochar briquette approximately 10 minutes to boil 1000 cm3 of water, while raw groundnut shell briquette boiled same quantity of water in 20 minutes. The finding of this study shows that the biochar obtained from the pyrolysis of groundnut shell is suitable for fuel briquette production.Â Â
A new strategy to destroy cancer cells using osmium dioxide (OsO2) and osmium tetroxide (OsO4) nanoparticles and magnetic fields under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations
Authors: Heidari Alireza , Hotz Margaret , MacDonald Nancy , Peterson Victoria , Caissutti Angela , Besana Elizabeth , Esposito Jennifer , Schmitt Katrina , Chan Ling-Yu , Sherwood Francesca , Hendrson Maria , Kimmel Jimmy
Published: January 2022

In the current research, a new strategy to destroy cancer cells using Osmium Dioxide (OsO2) and Osmium Tetroxide (OsO4) nanoparticles and magnetic fields under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations is investigated. The calculation of thickness and optical constants of Osmium Dioxide (OsO2) and Osmium Tetroxide (OsO4) a new strategy to destroy cancer cells using Osmium Dioxide (OsO2) and Osmium Tetroxide (OsO4) nanoparticles and magnetic fields under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiations produced using solâ€“gel method over glassy medium through a single reflection spectrum is presented. To obtain an appropriate fit for reflection spectrum, the classic Drudeâ€“Lorentz model for parametric diâ€“electric function is used. The best fitting parameters are determined to simulate the reflection spectrum using Lovenbergâ€“Marquardt optimization method. The simulated reflectivity from the derived optical constants and thickness are in good agreement with experimental results.Â Â Â A new strategy to destroy cancer cells using Osmium Dioxide (OsO2) and Osmium Tetroxide (OsO4) nanoparticles and magnetic fields under synchrotron and synchrocyclotron radiationsÂ Â
Growing concerns of emissions from the burning of biomass residues have led to a demand for more efficient technologies to mitigate the effect of excess residues. The moisture content of the biomass used decreased from 8.1% to 5.5% after the torrefaction
Authors: E. Eseyin Anthonia , Uzoeshi Tochukwu , R. Gungshik John , R. Gungshik John , E. Ankwai Godwin , E. Ankwai Godwin , Ibrahim Mohammed , Ibrahim Mohammed
Published: January 2022

Growing concerns of emissions from the burning of biomass residues have led to a demand for more efficient technologies to mitigate the effect of excess residues. The moisture content of the biomass used decreased from 8.1% to 5.5% after the torrefaction process. Results of the % volatile content indicated a significant reduction from 70.05% to 12.4%. The ash content increased from 5.25% to 10.7%, the percentage amount of fixed carbon increased significantly, from 16.6% to 71.4%. % C increased from 46.51% to 65.15%, while % O reduced significantly from 47.44% to 29.57%. There was a slight increase in % N, with a reduction in % H. Torrefied corn stalks were applied to soil samples, using three different application rates (1%, 3% and 5% w/w). The addition of torrefied corn stalks led to increase in soil pH across all 3 treated samples. Electrical conductivity values increased from the control value of 1.87 to as high as 4.05. There were also positive improvements in the cation exchange capacity and water holding capacity of all treated soil samples. Treatment of soil with torrefied biomass improved soil quality significantly, with the potential of fostering food security.Â Â
Carbon performance, carbon disclosure, and economic performance: the mediating role of carbon (media) legitimacy in the UK
Authors: Rohani Alireza , Jabbour Mirna , Abdel-Kader Magdy
Published: January 2022

There has been a continuous and controversial debate about the relationship between carbon performance, carbon disclosure, and economic performance. This study investigates whether corporate economic performance is influenced by carbon performance and disclosure and whether carbon (media) legitimacy mediates such relationships. This study provides a broader understanding of the relationship between carbon performance, disclosure, and economic performance by investigating the mediating role of carbon (media) legitimacy, and offers further evidence from the UK context. Based on a balanced panel data of 95 UK firms between 2009 and 2014 (amounting to 475 observations in total) and using path analysis, we find that improving the companyâ€™s carbon performance is not financed by shareholders, and carbon (media) legitimacy as an intangible asset enhances the economic performance of the firm. We also find that while carbon disclosure does not directly improve economic performance, it indirectly does so via carbon (media) legitimacy. Finally, the results show while carbon performance is not reflected in carbon (media) legitimacy, carbon disclosure as a legitimizing tool strongly enhances carbon (media) legitimacy. Overall, our results suggest that voluntary carbon disclosure, regardless of the firmâ€™s underlying carbon performance, is an effective tool to manage corporate (media) legitimacy, and subsequently improve economic performance. Thus, voluntary carbon disclosure in the UK may hinder future improvements in a firmâ€™s carbon performance.Â Â Â
Facies Analysis, Sedimentology and Petrographic studies of the Eocene Ameki Formation, SE Nigeria
Authors: C.K Ndeze , A.U Okoro , K. A. Haruna , C.G Kalu , O.O Afolayan , O.O Afolayan
Published: January 2022

Detailed sedimentology and petrographic studies of outcrop sections of the Eocene Ameki formation exposed in the Northern depobelts of the Niger Delta was done to, characterize the sediment facies, determine the depositional environment and also to development a depositional model for the study area. Three facies associations were have been identified in the study area based on lithology, primary sedimentary structures, fossil content, geometry, lateral and vertical succession of beds and the nature of bedding contacts,and they include; brackish swamp, braided fluvial channels and Tidal creek environments. Results from polished section study showed the percentage distribution of the maceral groups as Huminite = 58.25%, Liptinite = 34.35%, Inertinite = 7.5%. The lignites are mainly Duroclarite in nature, deposited in swamp vegetation with preserved cell structures in a slightly oxic to anoxic condition. Furthermore results from petrographic studies of representative sandstone samples showed that the predominant mineral is quartz with a greater number of them showing Monocrystalline features, while the feldspars are mostly of the plagioclase type. Ternary diagram plots for the sandstones suggest a subarkose to lithic subarkose, and Arkose to lithicarkose for the sandstones, a mixed provenance of plutonic, metamorphic and recycled sedimentary sources which are consistent with humid climatic conditions.Â Â Â Â
Solving 2nd Order Nonlinear Differential Equations Using Piecewise Analytic Method (Pendulum Equations)
Authors: Abassy Tamer Ahmed
Published: January 2022

In this paper, piecewise analytic method (PAM) is used for solving highly nonlinear 2nd Â order differential equation (pendulum equations) which is a big problem for engineers and scientists. PAM is used for showing the nonlinear dynamics of the solution with and without linearizion. The error and accuracy of the solution are controlled easily according to our needs.
Edge cordial and total edge cordial labeling for eight sprocket graph
Authors: A. Sathakathulla A. , G Fajlul Kareem M.
Published: January 2022

This papers deals with the Edge cordial labeling of newly introduced eight sprocket graph. This graph is already proven as cordial and gracious in graph labelling. In our study we have further proved that Eight Sprocket graph related families of connected edge-cordial graphs. Also the path union of Eight Sprocket graph, cycle of Eight Sprocket graph and star of Eight Sprocket graph are Edge-cordial.Â
Extension of the TOPSIS method to group decision-making
Authors: ZARE Sougoursi Jean Yves , SAVADOGO ZoÃ¯nabo , ZONGO Wambie , SAWADOGO Somdouda , SOME Blaise
Published: January 2022

TOPSIS (Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution) is a very practical decision support method used in several areas of life. This method already exists in the literature in the context of a single decision maker. In order to adapt this method to group decision making, which can be easily applied in various situations, this work extended the TOPSIS method to group decision making using the quadratic mean and the geometric mean. In this work, numerical applications have been made and interesting results have been obtained.
Factors associated with hemodialysis adequacy among end stage renal disease patients on maintenance hemodialysis in Rwanda
Authors: Ndahayo Didace , Bimenyimana Gapira Emmanuel , Mbabazi Theos , Chironda Geldine
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to assess the factors associated with dialysis adequacy in ESRD patients on maintenance hemodialysis in Rwanda. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. A sample size of 66 hemodialysis patients was selected using purposive sampling strategy. An interview scheduled guide was used to collect data. Dialysis adequacy was calculated using kt/v Daugirdas & Schneditz formula. The mean hemodialysis adequacy was 1.26Â± 0.34. Most participants [41(62%)] had optimal hemodialysis adequacy of equal or greater than to 1.2, 19 (29%) had near optimal hemodialysis adequacy (0.8 - 1.2 kt/v) and only 6 (9%) had less than optimal hemodialysis adequacy (kt/v <0.8). Factors associated with hemodialysis adequacy were hospital settings (p = .010), age (p = .007), BMI (p =.004) and blood pressure level ((p = .018). Moreover, mode of transport and type of drinking water was significantly associated with hemodialysis adequacy (p = 0.032 and 0.030 respectively). In conclusion, the level of hemodialysis adequacy was low in 38% of ESRD patients with associated factors predominantly demographics. Therefore, further research inquiry is needed on additional factors which include technical aspects to establish their association with hemodialysis adequacy.Â Â
Community liquid waste management system in Gili air tourism area and its management strategy based on a SWOT analysis
Authors: Edy Swandayani Rosaina , Pahriana Sulastri Meilinda
Published: January 2022

Lombok island is one of the international tourism destinations because of its topography and natural beauty which has its own charm for both domestic and foreign tourists. One of the famous marine tourism destinations on the island of Lombok is Gili Air. Most of the waste problems in Gili Air are domestic liquid waste, both from community waste and tourism business waste. This study is a descriptive exploratory study by exploring and describing the liquid waste management system by the community, hotel managers and restaurants in the tourism area of Gili Air. The observations were made in residential areas, hotels and restaurants on Gili Air. The determination of sampling areas and resource persons is determined by purposive sampling. Data were collected by conducting a survey at the research location through direct observation and interviews with informants. SWOT analysis were used to determine a liquid waste management strategy in Gili Air. Based on the study conducted in Gili Air, which includes residential areas, hotels and restaurants, the liquid waste management system is carried out individually using a septic-tank, land use management for wastewater with a septic tank placed at the side / back of the house and a waste management strategy can be implemented by establishing a communal and environmentally friendly waste management facility in the form of a Waste Final Disposal Plant (IPAL) for liquid waste.Â Â
Oral hygiene and dietary choices of 8-11year-old children with respect to the evidence-based oral health messages (diet and tooth brushing) in 3rd and 4th class children in primary schools in cork, Ireland, and their relationship to BMI taking account
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed , Mairead Harding Dr. , Janas Harrington Dr.
Published: January 2022

Background: Dental caries and obesity are growing public health conditions over the word. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of being overweight and obese amongst 8-11-year-old children in Cork city and county, and whether there is an association with oral hygiene practices, dietary choices, and BMI.Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis using secondary data. Data came from the Cork Childrenâ€™s Lifestyle Study (CCLaS); were analysed using logistic regression and controlling for potential confounder for 1061 children aged 8-11 years.Result: This study included 1,061 children, 58% of the sample were boys at median age 9 years (8-11 years). There was an association between BMI and toothbrushing (P >0.005). The relationship between BMI and diet frequency (breakfast, dinner meals and favorite snack) was statistically significant. Regarding diet quality, Junk food was only found statistically significant associated with BMI. While the relationship between BMI and diet quantity, several variables were found statistically significant associated with BMI include (Sum) Kcal-all-foods, total sugar from all include all beverages per day, and fibreaoac.Conclusion: The data from CCLaS suggested that the negative association between BMI and toothbrushing frequency in children aged 8 to 11 years-old requires further study. Dietary choices, especially sweets have an important role in being overweight and suffering obesity as indicated in this study and sugars are the principle etiological cause of dental caries. Therefore, strategies should be developed on a multidisciplinary level with a common risk factor approach.Â Â