bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Classification Cervix Image Using Machine Learning Algorithm to Detect Malignant Area
Authors: Hussein Nashwan Jasim , A.N. Alanssari , Altaher Ammar Wisam
Published: January 2022

Cervical Cancer (CC), sexually transmitted diseases, and cervicovaginal microbiota. In this Sees and Surveys, we center on a few themes in connection to the uterine cervix and barrenness: early cervical cancer and richness saving surgery, cesarean scar deformity, cervical inadequacy, and cervical Mullerian peculiarities. the case of cervix woman cancer proposed in this work revelation and classification system using the modern convolutional updated neural frameworks (CNNs). The cell pictures are fed into a CNNs appear to remove deep- classic algorithm learned highlights. At that point, an extraordinary learning machine (ELM)-based classifier classifies the input pictures. CNNs appear is utilized through trade learning updated algorithm and fine calculate method tuning. Choices to the ELM, multi-layer and perceptron algorithm (MLP) and auto en-algorithm-coder (AE)-based classifiers are in addition work with investigated.
The Analysis of Craft SMEs Performance and Prosperity in Denpasar
Authors: Mahadipta Ngurah Gede Dwi , Utama Made Suyana , Yasa I Gusti Wayan Murjana , Setyari Ni Putu Wiwin
Published: January 2022

The purpose of economic development is to improve people's prosperity. National economic growth is largely determined by the dynamics of regional economy, while regional economy is generally supported by MSME-scale of economic activities, one of them is the sector of handicraft. The empowerment of MSMEs is aimed at making prosperous lives of MSME subject. To obtain a prosperous life, small and medium enterprises in Denpasar have many limitations, therefore this business has not been able to be optimally developed, especially during COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this research is to analyze (1) the influence of financial performance and capital expenditure on economic performance; (2) the influence of financial performance, capital expenditure and economic performance on people's prosperity; and (3) analyze indirect effect of financial performance and capital expenditure on people's welfare through economic performance in districts and cities of Bali. This research was conducted toward 97 samples and data collection was carried out through questionnaire. The analysis was done by SEM-PLS method. The results of research and data analysis indicated that (1) the role of government has positive and insignificant effect, while social capital has significant positive effect on business performance; (2) the role of government, social capital, and business performance have positive and significant impact on business prosperity and (3) the role of government does not have an indirect effect, while social capital has indirect effect on business prosperity through business performance. Government plays an important role in empowering MSMEs. Government has not been able to improve business performance however they are able to improve the prosperity of a business subject. Social capital is able to improve business performance and business subject prosperity, moreover, business performance is able to mediate the relationship of social capital to the people prosperity in Denpasar.
Improved Context Aware PSO Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing
Authors: B. Siva Rama Krishna , E. Sreenivasa Reddy
Published: January 2022

One of the major advantages of switching to the clouds is the scalability ability of the applications. Contrary to the grids, the ability to scale the cloud resources allows their real-time provisioning so as to meet the application constraints Generation of optimal schedule for given set of tasks and machines. Different experiments show that although having an optimum solution is almost impossible but having a sub-optimal solution using heuristic algorithms seems possible. In this paper, we propose a Context Aware PSO Task Scheduling scheme to analyze various scenarios with different parameters in cloud computing system corresponding to APSO In each scenario, we change one parameter and keep other parameters constant.
Quantization of Images based on Color Levels in Histogram
Authors: Almiahi Osama Majeed Hilal , Alzaki Haider Makki , Albu-Salih Alaa Taima
Published: January 2022

In this paper, developed an algorithm of image quantization based on histogram distribution. Aim of study presented an algorithm that working on separating regions of images depending on real brightness ranges of colors in the histogram representation and color intensity distribution. The new way of image quantization represented lead to avoiding overlap of regions and reducing calculation’s complexities for image segmentation that followed image quantization stage, where it’s acts main steps in Image analysis and preprocessing. The proposed algorithm providing high accuracy of image quantization comparing with the methods of quantization presented recently.
Life Coping Skills & English Language Attitude among College Students in Chennai
Authors: M. Lydia , P. Dr.Suresh , N. Dr.Vijayalakshmi
Published: January 2022

Man is a social animal. Any education aims to form the person to live following others. It is an essential quality during the adolescent period, especially for college students. This study focuses on the life coping skills of students such as home, health, social, emotional and educational in their developmental period along with their learning attitude, especially the English language in and around Chennai. Becoming a person of sociability will enhance their learning attitude. The major problems concerning adjustment include a series hierarchy and differences in Emotional, Social, Health, Home and Educational realms. Though every human being is responsible for growing with their identity, educational institutions need to provide a systematic and scientifically proven psychological ground or avenue to foster integrated human persons. According to Erickson, a healthy personality is the ultimate task of any young person during adolescence.
IoT Based Smart Monitoring System for Efficient Poultry Farming
Authors: Orakwue Stella Ifeoma , Al-Khafaji Hamza Mohammed Ridha , Chabuk Mays Zahid
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a smart system using Internet of things (IoT) for monitoring and controlling environmental conditions of poultry farming. Environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and air quality in a poultry house which are vital for the survival of poultry birds were monitored in order to adequately nurture poultry birds, reduce mortality rate and improve production. The system utilizes ESP32 microcontroller which has embedded Wi-Fi function, DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, the PIR motion detector sensor, and MQ135 gas detector sensor. In addition, a buzzer was added to alert the farmer in the event of an intruder, while the integrated Wi-Fi unit would send a message to the farmer. Furthermore, the proposed system controls the brightness of a lamp inside the poultry house to either increase or reduce its temperature. This work which is a prototype, was implemented in a small poultry house. All the tests carried out illustrated that the designed system is sufficient and that the aim has been achieved.
Ridge Regression based Missing Data Estimation with Dimensionality Reduction: Microarray Gene Expression Data
Authors: K. Ashfaq Ahmed , Akthar Dr. Shaheda
Published: January 2022

Data is considered to be the important element in the field of Data Science and Machine Learning. Performance of Machine Learning and Data Mining algorithms greatly influenced by the characteristics of data and data with missing values. Performance of all these Machine Learning algorithms greatly improved and they can give accurate results when the data is in full without missing values. So before applying these algorithms; dataset and its missing values are completely filled. To impute these missing values in the dataset there are numerous methods were proposed. In this paper we used micro array gene expression dataset; by introducing various percentages of missing values a new methodology is proposed to impute these missing values in the data set. The nature of micro array gene expression dataset is huge in dimensionality, so at first, we used recursive feature elimination method to select the best features which contributes much for model was selected then we apply the Ridge Regression for imputation. Imputations with other methods are compared. We evaluate the performance of all models by using the metrics like MSE, MAE, R-square. To select the best model in the set of models we used Normalized Criteria Distance (NCD) to rank the models under proposed metrics. The model with least NCD rank selected as the best model among other models, in our paper proposed model has got the lowest value among other models and considered to be the best model among other models.
Deposit and Loan Guarantee Institutions and it’s Role in Restoring Confidence in the Iraqi Banking Sector
Authors: Al-Bahadli Sadiq T. , Al-Aqili Riad H. , Ameen Hafedh Abdulameer
Published: January 2022

Pacing from the part of deposits and loans in supporting banking stability, any peril that threatens this part constitutes direct trouble to the banking system. Thus, should develop the mechanisms to cover and guarantee the rights of depositors (deposit guarantee), and mechanisms to cover banks from remitment of bank credit and cover them from ruin and ruin through the establishment of an institution guaranteeing loans, which represents an abecedarian demand to guarantee and stabilize the banking system and restore lost Confidence in the Iraqi banking system. Consequently, the exploration problem surfaced from a set of questions: Do deposit and loan guarantee institutions lead to the banking system's stability? Does this affect the degree of stability of deposits and attract further deposits, especially since deposits within the banking system are (23), while there's a chance (77) of the financial mass outside the banking system? As well as the question, will the bank credit increase after the loan institution guarantees this credit? Therefore, cranking the Deposit Guarantee Law and approving the Loan Guarantee Law will contribute to the anticipated part in restoring Confidence in the Iraqi banking system? It represents the fundamental problem of exploration, primarily since the Deposit Law, despite its blessing, has not been enforced.
Smart Insurance and the Missing Contribution to Sustainable Development in Iraq
Authors: Hujaimi Sohaila Abdul-Zahra , Khalaf Sadiq Tohme , Muslim Hamdyai Shaker
Published: January 2022

The insurance sector in Iraq needs a real revolution with procedures and work mechanisms, especially since this sector has made an effective contribution to increasing revenues and has become one of the sources of national income diversification in many countries with the tremendous development in the use of modern means and technologies in smart insurance. On the other hand, the insurance sector in Iraq still has a weak role and its contribution to the GDP does not exceed 0.05%, and there is no real contribution to sustainable development in Iraq. This is due to many reasons, including insurance in Iraq. It has been practiced according to the traditional method despite the issuance of the Electronic Signature and Electronic Transactions Law No. 78 of 2012, and to achieve development in the insurance sector to achieve a higher contribution to sustainable development, it is necessary to benefit from experiences that preceded the Iraqi experience in the smart insurance sector, which passes through the digitization portal and includes the four areas (technology, improving customer experience, offering customized products in the field of insurance, and expanding distribution channels), through digitization, modern technology, and enabling smart insurance, it is possible to read the market, analyze customer behavior, reach them, and design products that suit them.
An Innovative Career Management Platform Empowered by AI, Big Data, and Blockchain Technologies: Focusing on Female Engineers
Authors: Jang Jiyoung , Kyun Suna
Published: January 2022

With the advent of the fourth industrial revolution, professional resource management in the engineering sector has been gaining importance. And countries around the world are paying special attention to realizing and using the potential of female engineering talent that has been on the rise. Nevertheless, there is still a leaky pipeline of female engineering talent. As such, this study aims to provide a new platform that incorporates the latest technologies to promote female engineering talent. First, it introduces the existing career management platforms developed for female engineering students, along with their limitations to become a lifelong career management platform. In addition, the study proposes a customized career management platform for female engineering talents in line with their life cycles, empowered by artificial intelligence, big data and blockchain technologies which are characteristic of the fourth industrial revolution. With the help of a career management platform reinforced by such latest technologies, career interruption and a loss of female engineering talent will be prevented, and through sustainable career management of talent, the overall national competitiveness will be enhanced.
Learner Model for AI Convergence Education in Technology Subject
Authors: Lim Mika
Published: January 2022

This study devises a model of learner for individualized learning of AI convergence in technological problem solving on technology subjects. It uses the Kolb's research method, which derives four learning styles by synthesizing the correlation between two types of information perception methods and two types of information processing methods. In this study, a creativity-execution model was devised in consideration of the ‘adaptation-innovation type’ of the creativity level and the ‘reflection-action type’ of the execution level. In addition, an interactive-attitude model was devised in which the 'independent-cooperative type' in the interaction dimension and the 'avoidance-participation type' in the attitude dimension act dynamically. Furthermore, a three-factor learner model was developed considering the dimensions of cognitive judgment, creativity, and execution. Also, a five-factor learner model for technological problem-solving was devised and presented, with all five dimensions of cognition-judgment, creativity, execution, interaction, and attitude of the technological problem-solving learning style as factors. The learner characteristics defined through the model design suggested the direction of AI convergence education considering individual characteristics of learners and provided basic data for it. In the future, it is suggested that specific individualized teaching and learning development research be conducted in AI convergence education, considering the characteristics of learners according to the learning style of technological problem-solving.
Mobile AR Contents Production Technique for Long Distance Collaboration
Authors: Byeon Gongkyu , Yu Sunjin
Published: January 2022

This study proposes that mobile AR users with different physical spaces can use one collaboration coordinate by synchronizing each other's coordinates. When each user uses mobile AR remote contents from a distance, it is difficult to maintain the same working environment depending on their physical environment. In order for physical spaces to maintain the same working environment in different situations, the coordinates of the virtual object must be matched to the direction of each client. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a coordinate synchronization technology using a shared coordinate flag. Through this technique, the interaction of all subsequent objects can be performed based on the shared coordinate system of the local client. The user installs a coordinate synchronization flag on a map formed based on each physical space. Through this flag, the location of the virtual object may be synchronized based on each client to perform collaboration. To verify the proposed technology, the mobile AR remote technology was implemented as a painting contents application. Three users synchronized the coordinate system together on three Android mobile devices to verify the feasibility of the technology proposed in this paper.
Development of Teaching-Learning Contents for AI Core Principles at the Elementary School Level: With a Focus on Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Hwang Yuri , Cho Eunsun , Park Namje
Published: January 2022

With the rapid development and multifarious application of artificial intelligence technology, elementary learners are demanded to learn about AI. At the same time, due to the pandemic, classes without face-to-face contact have been increasing. This study aims to develop teaching-learning contents instructing core principles of artificial intelligence, respectively in face-to-face and non-face-to-face learning environments. Proposed teaching-learning contents mainly target elementary learner and provide simplified experience for convolutional neural network(CNN) algorithm. Learners accomplish convolution operation with simple numbers then extract feature map. Students experience CNN process with 5x5 virtual input image consists of numbers. 2x2 filter is given for convolution operation, and students fill 4x4 feature map with the results. These same teaching-learning activities can be also offered with online interactive worksheets, using ‘LIVEWORKSHEETS’ website. By transforming printed worksheets into online ones, learners in distance learning classes can accomplish identical coursework clicking and typing then score themselves. Teachers and learners can choose appropriate teaching-learning way or mix both of them flexibly based on their situation. Subsequent studies are expected to revise the contents after sufficient pilot classes with diverse learner groups and devise additional physical teaching-learning activity suitable for elementary learners. This study proposes the importance of continuous research on artificial intelligence education for young learners and versatile teaching-learning contents for various learning environment.
RISC-V Hardware Synthesizable Processor Design Test and Verification Using User-Friendly Desktop Application
Authors: An Hyogeun , Kang Sudong , Kanda Guard , Ryoo Kwangki
Published: January 2022

Although the RISC-V ISA has not been around for long, it is a processor architecture that has been highlighted by many businesses and individuals for its low-cost and rapid pace of development. They are open-source-synthesizable hardware processors with minimal functionality that is ideal for current IoT applications involving simple sensors and actuator controls. Due to some qualities of hardware, they can operate in areas where software programs and applications cannot be used whereas, these software programs that run on such hardware equally help in understanding how hardware operates. This paper, therefore, proposes and discusses the design, implementation, and internal verification and test platform for a Reduced Instruction Set Code-V’s (RISC-V) Instruction Set Architecture (ISA), using an interactive desktop program for a 32-bit single-cycle processor. This paper developed a system that functions as interactive assistance to RISC-V's ISA design and debugger using a more user-friendly desktop UI application. The uniqueness of this design is the flexibility of testing and debugging that is possible through either the software interface or through hardware peripherals such as Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) protocols in FPGA or even both. These peripherals allow users to view the contents of the register files and RAM being utilized by the implemented processor on the FPGA. The proposed desktop User Interface program monitors and controls the sequential processing and states of a 32-bit single-cycle RISC-V processor’s operation on an FPGA. Contents of the proposed processor’s registers and memory are displayed alongside other temporal or internal data. Internal components such as Program Counters (PC), Random Access Memory (RAM), are displayed all through the proposed User Interface (UI) program and also through various peripherals on the FPGA board. The software program is implemented using C# programing language through Microsoft Visual Studio 2019 Integrated Development Environment (IDE). The proposed hardware synthesizable processor core is implemented using Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL) and synthesized with Xilinx Integrated Synthesis Environment (ISE) version 14.7. The proposed processor and its corresponding hardware test modules occupy 6476 Look-Up-Tables (LUT) and operate at a maximum frequency of 49MHz and its operation is verified on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The proposed processor and its test platform can serve as a good educational tool as well as a help for processor design engineers both experienced and beginners.
High-Precision Position Protocol for Vehicle to Pedestrian Using 5G Networks
Authors: Cho Moon-ki , Chun Yang-ha
Published: January 2022

In a 5G environment, it is possible to provide various services that have not been experienced before based on high-speed, ultra-low latency, high reliability, and ultra-connectivity infrastructure. In particular, intelligent convergence technology that provides high-quality services requires precise location measurement data with a very low error range. This includes high-precision data positioning in self-driving cars. Such a positioning data will enable driverless vehicles to run in a safer and more stable manner. At present, it is possible to measure the exact position of a vehicle through sensors and communication among cars using Global Positioning System (GPS) but it is still difficult to figure out the position between vehicles and pedestrians. Therefore, this paper proposes a communication protocol for Vehicle to Pedestrian (V2P) services using 5G networks. This protocol may identify distances between the vehicle and the pedestrian by using signals to identify distances between the vehicle and the repeater, the repeater and the pedestrian, and the pedestrian and the pedestrian. And if you calculate the direction angle using triangulation, you can know the exact location. Based on this location information, the relationship that predicts the time when an accident occurs according to the change in the speed of the vehicle and the walking speed of the pedestrian was analyzed through simulation. According to the simulation results, it was confirmed that the speed of the vehicle and the speed of the pedestrian had a great influence on the time when the accident occurred. Therefore, it also affects the time when a warning message or warning sound should be sent to both the vehicle and the pedestrian, which means that it can actively respond to collisions between the vehicle and the person. In particular, it will be more useful if it is used with sensors when it is difficult to secure visibility due to low-speed intersections, crossings, child protection areas, and fog, and accidents will be reduced if the above-mentioned cases are prevented. In summary, this paper developed a protocol for high-precision positioning of pedestrians to prevent emergencies that may occur with pedestrians in autonomous driving based on the 5G communication network reflecting the structure of SDN. In addition, the correlation between the speed of the vehicle and the time when an emergency situation occurs according to the change in the walking speed of the pedestrian was analyzed through a simulation.
Performance Analysis of CC-8PSSK System with SC Diversity Technology through T2T Channel
Authors: Kim Eon Gon
Published: January 2022

For performance improvements of T2T (train to train) communication, it is demanded to adapt a hybrid technique such as coding and diversity reception to overcome double fading channel. To ensure performance improvements of transmitted data generated by modulator, a proposed method adopts PSSK (phase-silence-shift-keying) modulation which is the hybrid method of PPM and PSK. In this paper, the performance of CC(convolutional coded) 8 PSSK system with SC(selective combining) diversity reception technique is analyzed under T2T channel which is described by double Rician fading channel using Simulink in the matlab. A core of proposed method is hybrid of convolutional coding which is securing the hamming distance between symbols and SC diversity technique which is selecting more power sequences. Therefore, avoid a deep fading by properly combining multipath signals. As result, using proposed method it makes possible to improve BER performance under T2T channel environments. By adapting proposed method, it is expected that perfprmance is improved for T2T communication applications.
MQTT Protocol Extension for Real Time Location based Service
Authors: Jung In Hwan , Lee Jae Moon , Hwang Kitae
Published: January 2022

This paper introduces an extension of the MQTT protocol to reduce communication overhead in real-time location-based service system where mobile MQTT clients move and change their administrative district location frequently. The MQTT protocol was extended to handle UNSUBSCRIBE and SUBSCRIBE processing with a single step and the LBS server was revised to handle the extended protocol. Instead of directly processing SUBSCRIBE and UNSUBSCRIBE, mobile clients need to send their GPS location to the LBS server. LBS Server communicate with MQTT Broker to using extended protocol on behalf of each client. In an environment where large number of clients frequently move, the extended MQTT protocol can drastically reduce the number of messages between MQTT Broker and clients. This is mainly because clients do not need to issue SUBSCRIBE and UNSUBSCRIBE request to MQTT Broker. In addition, in contrast to our previous study where clients receive new administrative area name after sending its GPS location to LBS server, in this research, using extended MQTT protocol, mobile clients do not need to receive new administrative name even though they move across different district areas and as a result, the number of message exchanges can also be reduced. The LBS system applying the extended MQTT protocol can be used as a real-time location-based information service for large-scale mobile devices, such as real-time pedestrian population and vehicle traffic analysis, and location-based message delivery.
Digital Twin for Immersive Exhibition Space Design
Authors: Kim Dubeom , Kim Byung K. , Hong Sung D.
Published: January 2022

This research aimed to find an efficient method of responding to the various variables that may arise during the process of designing and constructing an immersive exhibition space. A digital twin of the exhibition space was generated, a real-time rendering method was applied using a game engine, and the optical phenomena of several typical devices used in immersive exhibitions were simulated. The functions simulated in this study are applicable to the generated digital twin to predict how the various devices installed in the exhibition space would operate in the actual exhibition. Thereby, the possibility that the simulation results of the core elements that constitute the exhibition content be immediately applied to the operation of the various devices in the exhibition space in real-time could be explored. Not all the devices and functions used in an immersive exhibition were simulated, so the model used in the paper must be modified according to the circumstances of the applications. Through additional research, the method of responding to various installations and devices must be expanded.
A Study on Intermediate Code Generation for Security Weakness Analysis of Smart Contract Chaincode
Authors: Lee Yangsun
Published: January 2022

The hyperledger fabric is a modular blockchain framework used by private companies to develop blockchain-based products, solutions, and applications using plug-and-play components. The smart contracts operating in this framework is created by implementing a chaincode. When implementing a chaincode, there may be a security weakness inside the code, which is the root cause of the security vulnerability. However, when the contract is completed and the block is created, the chaincode cannot be arbitrarily modified, so the security weakness must be analyzed before execution. This paper conducted a study on chaincode intermediate code generation for security weakness analysis of chaincode operating in hyperledger fabric blockchain framework. Analysis of security weaknesses at the source code level is not easy because the code logic is not clear and the complexity is high. On the other hand, security weakness analysis at the intermediate code level is easy to analyze because the code logic of the source code is clearly represented and the complexity is lower than that of the source code.
Effects of Binaural Beats on EEG and Reaction Time While Driving
Authors: Kim Kyubeom , In Chungkyo , Seo Sanghyeok , Chung Sooncheol , Min Byungchan
Published: January 2022

Speed and accuracy are important in the cognition, judgment, and action processes of drivers while driving. The better these processes are performed, the lesser are the chances of accidents occurring. The purpose of this study is to propose the use of binaural beats (BBs) to shorten the reaction time (RT) (cognition, judgment, and action) while driving. The hypotheses of this study are as follows. First, the higher the appearance of β-waves during concentration and awakening, the shorter is the RT. Second, β-waves can be increased using BBs. To test these hypotheses, physiological responses were observed during driving without BBs and driving with BBs. The electroencephalogram of six female drivers was measured using a graphic driving simulator, and frequency and spectrum analyses were conducted. The results showed that the β-power was more predominant and the RT score was higher when driving with BBs (6 and 18 Hz) than when driving without BBs. Therefore, the use of BBs can be effective in avoiding traffic accidents by reducing the RT (cognition, judgment, and response) while driving.
Equate Goals and Risks in the Convenience of Investing
Authors: Eka Andi Primafira Bumandava , Disman Nugraha , Waspada Ikaputera
Published: January 2022

During this uncertain pandemic situation, the number of investors is increasing all over the world. Nevertheless, this trend does not indicate the right investment decision, especially for young investors who have specific characteristics. Risk-based portfolio preference is expected to be a bridge or mediation that can contribute to investment decisions caused by goal-based investing. The objective of this study is to analyze the interrelation of goal-based investing, risk-based portfolio preference, and investment decision among young investors in Rumah Saham Indonesia/RSI (Indonesian Stock House). The population of this research was 935 young individual investors registered with RSI. Using a proportionate random sampling, 280 young investors participated as the respondents. The data were collected through questionnaire surveys, and the Structural Equation Model was employed to analyze the interrelationship among the construct variables. The results reveal that Goal-Based Investing has a positive influence on Risk-Based portfolio Preference and Investment Decision, Risk-based portfolio preference has a positive influence on Investment Decision. In the model, Risk-Based Portfolio Preference functions as a mediating variable.
Building Smart House based on Speech Detection and Recognition System
Authors: Saleh Kawther Thabt , Ahmed Safa Ameen , Chyad Haitham Salman
Published: January 2022

Technology in all areas has entered into life in homes (achievement of housework), streets and work, in order to facilitate life matters and saving effort and time, also, the technology has entered the areas of entertainment and communication and achievement of works even remotely and achievement of work that needs strength and short time. Also, artificial intelligence has entered various applications to improve its performance; this research will offer one of the smart technology applications, which is the smart home where the instructions can be handled and performed through speech, in order to add more facilities to our lives and help some people (e.g., elderly or disabled people who live alone) who have difficulty to move and handle the regular appliances in the house. And due to the lack of voice command recognition research in Arabic has resulted in making It difficult to stratify smart house voice command services, especially in the Middle East. Speech recognition is also a nontrivial task in the processing of natural language; this proposed smart house system is based upon detection and recognition of the speech in the Arabic language. Arduino programming was used to accomplish this system.
Attacking the Knapsack Public-key Cryptosystem
Authors: Khalaf Rifaat Z. , Habib Hamza B. , Jawad Thakwan Akram
Published: January 2022

Merkle–Hellman knapsack cryptosystem is a public-key cryptosystem, which means, two keys are used, a public key for the encryption and a private key for the decryption. This cryptosystem is not secure against the cryptosystem attacks, such as LLL Algorithm. In this paper, we introduce a new study to attack the knapsack problem. This study is based on discussing certain facts regarding the public key to extract the multiplier. Also, based on some facts we can find the modulus that is used in the cryptosystem. Therefore, the experimental outcome shows that this method is easier and faster to attack the knapsack cryptosystem.
Gender Classification of Mixing and De-mixing Speech
Authors: Abed Sawsan Hadi , Abbas Nidaa A.
Published: January 2022

Gender classification is growing in popularity due to the variety of fields in which it can be used. It can be employed in various fields, including criminal investigations and security and authentication services. Gender Classifying speech for different speakers is still a demanding and challenging task for recognizing overlapped speech and building a robust prediction model. The paper provides a gender classification system that uses Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and several machine learning algorithms to identify mixing and de-mixing speech signals. ICA is employed to separate the mixed signal into their source signals. The system consists of two stages: the first stage is the mixing and separating process for signals. The second stage involves combining feature extraction and constructing a classification model to determine whether a signal is male or female based on its acoustic attributes. The system will evaluate the efficacy and significance of machine learning algorithms for selecting the optimal method to identify the speaker's gender with the most excellent efficiency and accuracy. Experimentation shows that the best accuracy value for an SVM model with mixing speeches is 87.1 %, and the best accuracy value for a Neural Net and SVM model with de-mixing speeches is 97.8 %.
An Improved User Identification based on Keystroke-Dynamics and Transfer Learning
Authors: Tewari Anurag , Verma Prabhat
Published: January 2022

Transfer learning is one of the most appreciated classification techniques, when a small size of training dataset and limited computer capabilities exist along with the presence of noisy data. Such a scenario is encountered in keystroke dynamics whereby the typing gesticulation composed to form ‘keystroke dynamics’, is used to distinguish a human. Keystroke dynamics is persistently gaining reputation as one of the most promising and cost-effective behavioral biometrics. AlexNet and ResNet are two separate types of pre-trained convolutional neural network models, normally used to apply deep transfer learning concepts within image-based systems. Conversion of keystroke data into image data and then the formation of the artificial image data by extending available data are crucial attraction of this paper. In this paper, the pre-trained models are utilized by applying fine-tuning (of parameters in some layers) and used as an end-to-end learning and classification system by us. On the keystroke dataset, the feature extraction method (support vector machine for classification) is also applied here with pre-trained models. A relative analysis of both approaches is provided and lastly, the better one is employed in the proposed (recognition based) system. Finally, 98.57% accuracy of successful recognition is recorded.
Internal Control System between Fraud Asset Management and Local Governance: A Social and Organizational Perspective
Authors: Pattawe Abdul , Haris Nurhayati , Natsir Muhammad , . Jamaluddin , . Masruddin , Din Muhammad , Larija Andri Gustama
Published: January 2022

This study aims to examine the effects of peer influence and outcome expectancies on fraud in local government asset management. This study is also to analyze moderating effect of the internal control system between peer influence and outcome expectancies on the fraudulent behavior. By utilizing purposive sampling method to obtain data from government units of Palu City and by using PLS with the help of WarpPLS software, the results show that peer influence has a positive effect on fraudulent behavior, while outcome Expectancies have a negative effect on the fraudulent behavior. Moreover, internal control system is able to moderate the influence of peer influence and outcome expectancies against fraudulent behavior. The results would imply that strong internal control system is more likely able to reduce or weaken the influence of peer influence on fraudulent behavior.
Impact of Factors on Work Life Balance Due to Technology Transformation with Respect to Information Technology Employees
Authors: R. Dr.Vijay Raja , K. Dr.Soundarapandian
Published: January 2022

A balanced work and family life leads to a strong work life balance. Due to the increase of employment, longer working hours due to inadequate family income, target driven work culture makes it problematic for a good work life balance. It is also seen that the advancement in the digital technology have made everyone reachable beyond traditional working hours. This study focuses and investigates on the factors which influence the ‘Work-Life’ balance of employees in the selective IT companies. After various references from articles, a research model was derived. Remote Work (RW), Increased Communication (SE), Work Extension (WE), Permeability (PER) and Flexibility (FLE) are the independent Variables and Work Life balance (WLB) is the dependent variable taken into consideration for the study. Convenience sampling is adopted for the study. Out of the 266 questionnaires distributed, 213 responded. After neglecting the 9 incomplete or invalid responses, the sample size was determined to be 204. The study shows that remote work has a positive influence on work life balance whereas the permeability and flexibility has a significant influence on the other way.
On the Finite Element Approximation of Fourth-Order Singularly Perturbed Eigenvalue Problems
Authors: Roos Hans-Görg , Savvidou Despo , Xenophontos Christos
Published: January 2022

We consider fourth-order singularly perturbed eigenvalue problems in
one-dimension and the approximation of their solution by the h version of
the Finite Element Method (FEM). In particular, we use a

C
1

{C^{1}}

-conforming
FEM with piecewise polynomials of degree

p
≥
3

{p\geq 3}

defined on an
exponentially graded mesh. We show that the method converges uniformly,
with respect to the singular perturbation parameter, at the optimal rate when
the error in the eigenvalues is measured in absolute value and the error in the
eigenvectors is measured in the energy norm. We also illustrate our theoretical
findings through numerical computations for the case

p
=
3

{p=3}

.
Monodromy of elliptic curve convolution, seven-point sheaves of G
2 type, and motives of Beauville type
Authors: Collas Benjamin , Dettweiler Michael , Reiter Stefan , Sawin Will
Published: January 2022

We study Tannakian properties of the convolution product of perverse sheaves on elliptic curves. We establish that for certain sheaves with unipotent local monodromy over seven points the corresponding Tannaka group is isomorphic to

G
2

{G_{2}}

. This monodromy approach generalizes a result of Katz on the existence of

G
2

{G_{2}}

-motives in the middle cohomology of deformations of Beauville surfaces.
Long time behavior of discrete volume preserving mean curvature flows
Authors: Morini Massimiliano , Ponsiglione Marcello , Spadaro Emanuele
Published: January 2022

In this paper we analyze the Euler implicit scheme for the volume preserving mean curvature flow.
We prove the exponential convergence of the scheme to a finite union of disjoint balls with equal volume for any bounded initial set with finite perimeter.
Nomination Struggles in the Post-nuclear Senate
Authors: Cottle Emily M. , Roberts Jason M.
Published: January 2022

Three times in the last decade Senate majorities have re-interpreted the rules of the Senate to limit the ability of Senate minorities to obstruct presidential nominees. Each of these invocations of the so called nuclear option have either reduced the threshold of votes needed to invoke cloture on a nominee or shortened the amount of post-cloture debate on nominees. In the current Senate, cloture can be invoked on nominees with a simple majority vote and most nominees are subject to only two hours of post-cloture debate. Despite these re-interpretations of the Senate’s rules, presidents are still struggling to secure confirmation for many of their nominees. As of this writing, fewer than 40% of President Biden’s nominations have secured confirmation, and more than 140 who have cleared committee are awaiting floor action in the Senate. We explore the factors that are inhibiting the confirmation process and discuss potential changes in the process that could expedite the confirmation of executive nominations.
A goblet-shaped quad band-notched UWB antenna and its MIMO configurations
Authors: Wu Ling , Cao Xia
Published: January 2022

A goblet-shaped quad band-notched antenna is proposed as a prototype antenna. With three CSRR slots and two symmetrical C-like metal stubs, the antenna produced four notched bands to suppress 3.5 GHz WiMAX, 5.3 GHz lower band of WLAN, 5.8 GHz upper band of WLAN and 8.3 GHz X-band. To increase channel capacity and data rate, a two-port UWB-MIMO antenna-1 with quad notched-bands is introduced by placing two identical prototype antenna perpendicularly. The UWB-MIMO antenna-1 easily achieves high isolation of more than 25 dB, but it has big volume of 30 × 60 × 0.8 mm3. To keep miniaturization in size, a two-port UWB-MIMO antenna-2 is constructed by arranging two identical prototype antenna in parallel. With a slot in the common ground and an I-type metal parasitic stub, better than 15 dB port isolation is realized. The simulated and measured data indicate that the UWB-MIMO antenna-2 can reject the above four bands in working band of 3–11 GHz. Meanwhile, other characteristics of high port isolation, good radiation pattern and stable gain are observed. Having compact structure and favorable characteristics, the UWB-MIMO antenna-2 not only realized four notch bands, but also effectively improved the spectrum utilization, which is the highlight of the work.
Potential application of Six Sigma method in operation and maintenance management of UHVDC converter station
Authors: Huang Chenyang , Zhang Enhu , Guo Kai , Yang Yiyong , Zhang Chong , Wei Jianfeng
Published: January 2022

The ultra high voltage direct current (UHVDC) technology plays an important role in the long-distance and large-capability transmission of renewable energy. Power grid company has to improve the reliability and efficiency of UHVDC transmission systems to support renewable energy utilization. In this paper, Six Sigma method is considered for improving the operation and maintenance (O&M) performance of UHVDC converter stations. The working tasks for the operation team and the maintenance team are introduced at first, respectively. The limitation of current O&M management is analyzed. A five-stage implementation of Six Sigma method is discussed in detail. The formed negative feedback ensures the sustainability of implementation and realizes closed-loop management. A representative equipment disposal case is used to demonstrate the adaptability and operability of the potential application of Six Sigma method.
An improvement of derivative-free point-to-point iterative processes with central divided differences
Authors: Hernández-Verón Miguel Ángel , Magreñán Ángel Alberto , Martínez Eulalia , Singh Sukhjit
Published: January 2022

In this article, we introduce a new Steffensen-type method with the advantage that its behavior is very similar to Newton’s method; therefore, it is a very remarkable way of avoiding the drawback that Newton’s method presents for nondifferentiable operators. In our study, we perform an exhaustive comparative study between the semilocal convergence of Newton’s method and the derivative-free point-to-point iterative process considered; in the case of differentiable operators, we use the majoring sequences and the majorant principle. In the nondifferentiable case, we impose conditions on the starting point and on the nonlinear operator to obtain a semilocal convergence result for the iterative process considered. In both cases, we complete the theoretical convergence proofs with a dynamical study and a numerical test. In the case of differentiable operators, this study confirms that the accessibility and numerical behavior of both iterative processes, Newton’s method and the derivative-free point-to-point iterative process considered, are very similar.
Der Zusammenhang zwischen sozialen Ungleichheiten und Covid-19 Fallzahlen auf Stadtteilebene – Eine Fallstudie für 46 Stadtteile der Stadt Duisburg
Authors: Straßburger Max-Leon , Mewes Lars
Published: January 2022

Während der laufenden SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie hat die Forschung gezeigt, dass sozio-ökonomische Ungleichheiten eine entscheidende Rolle beim Verständnis der Ausbreitung des Virus spielen. Menschen mit einem niedrigeren sozio-ökonomischen Status haben eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit, sich mit COVID-19 zu infizieren und an dem Virus zu sterben. Da sozio-ökonomische Ungleichheiten eine starke räumliche Dimension haben, z. B. aufgrund zunehmender Ungleichheiten innerhalb von Städten, könnte dieses Wissen zur Erklärung und zur Vorhersage der geographischen Ausbreitung des Virus beitragen. Empirische Belege auf feiner geographischer Ebene innerhalb von Städten sind jedoch äußerst rar. Wir adressieren diese Forschungslücke und untersuchen die Beziehung zwischen SARS-CoV-2-Fällen pro 100.000 Einwohner und dem sozio-ökonomischen Status auf der Grundlage detaillierter Daten auf Stadtbezirksebene in Duisburg, Deutschland, welche vom Gesundheitsamt der Stadt Duisburg zur Verfügung gestellt wurden, sowie Daten des KECK-Atlasses. Unsere Regressionsergebnisse deuten stark auf einen negativen Zusammenhang zwischen sozio-ökonomischem Status und Morbiditätsraten für die zweite Welle der aktuellen Pandemie in Duisburg hin. Unsere Ergebnisse verbessern das Verständnis der geographischen Ausbreitung von SARS-CoV-2 in Städten und liefern politischen Entscheidungsträgern detaillierte Informationen darüber, wie geographisch sensible Maßnahmen zur Eindämmung der Pandemie konzipiert werden können, um sozio-ökonomisch benachteiligte Menschen in unserer Gesellschaft besser zu schützen.