bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRANSLATION FEATURES OF THE BABY TALK LANGUAGE PHENOMENON
Authors: Sapukh Tatiana V. , Kustova Anna S.
Published: September 2023

Background. The article is devoted to the study of the translation of the language phenomenon baby talk. Baby talk is a linguistic phenomenon commonly used by parents when communicating with infants and young children. This linguistic phenomenon is characterized by the following features: simplified vocabulary, exaggerated intonations, repetitive sounds and words, rhythmic patterns, non-verbal communication.

Purpose. The purpose of this article is to identify the features of the translation of the baby talk language phenomenon into Russian. To do this, it is necessary to identify the need and significance of the translation of the baby talk language phenomenon; identify the difficulties that translators may encounter in the process of translating the baby talk; identify strategies for translating the baby.

Materials and methods. To solve the tasks set, both theoretical and practical research methods were used: analysis of the literature on the theory of translation and other aspects of translation studies; continuous sampling method for creating a bank of examples of the baby talk language phenomenon, analysis and interpretation of translation strategies for the language phenomenon baby talk.

Results. Translating baby talk from one language to another can be challenging due to differences in language structures and cultural and contextual differences between the two languages. The translator may need to use various strategies, such as using existing words with similar meanings, creating new words or phrases, adapting the sounds and intonations of the source language, and providing additional context to convey meaning. Each of these strategies has its own advantages and limitations, and the best approach will depend on the specific context and needs of the translation.
REPRESENTATION OF CONCEPTUAL OPPOSITION IN A PERSONALIZED MODEL OF LANGUAGE PERSONALITY (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE CREATION ‒ DESTRUCTION DICHOTOMY)
Authors: Zdanovskaya Lidia B.
Published: September 2023

Background. The tendency of global aggravation of the confrontation of ideologies as a fundamental characteristic of the current political reality is due to the desire to consolidate the ethno-cultural priorities of the nation to preserve and assert the status of national identity correlated with the category of “linguistic personality”.

Purpose. The article is devoted to the study of the implementation of the opposition of the notion “linguistic personality” in the American linguistic culture.

Materials and methods. The material for this article was the treatises of the classics of German and French philosophy, the works of Russian representatives of the scientific schools of linguoculturology, cognitive linguistics, devoted to the theoretical issues of the semantics and pragmatics of linguistic communication, conceptual opposition, as well as the book of the American journalist B. Woodward Fear: Trump in the White House. When writing the article, the following methods were used: comparative, discursive, contextual analyses.

Results. In the course of the study the functioning of the mechanisms for the implementation of the opposition of linguistic consciousness was analyzed. The descriptive characteristics of the concept “linguistic consciousness” are presented. Various approaches to the description of the key normative characteristics of a linguistic personality are systematized. As a part of the personified model the structural organization of a linguistic personality is described based on the dichotomy “Creation ‒ Destruction”.

Practical implications. The results of the study can find practical application in the preparation of teaching aids and textbooks on the linguo-cognituve analysis of concepts based on dichotomous models.
COMMEMORATIVE PRACTICES IN THE VIRTUAL SPACE OF THE COMPUTER GAME «SECOND LIFE»
Authors: Shalyutina Nadezhda V.
Published: September 2023

Background. In contemporary reality, digital technologies not only serve as a tool for the implementation of social practices, including commemorative practices, but also fill social gaps, offering alternative ways of interaction with the past in the digital space. In this context, computer games offer a valuable research space for interactions with the past, as they allow us to see the diversity and fluidity of the contemporary commemorative culture and practices.

Purpose. This article is a review of the book Life and Death in the Virtual World. Digital Kinship, Nostalgia and Grief in Second Life” by Margaret Gibson and Clarissa Carden. The author critically examines the ethnographic research presented in the book, focusing on the specifics of memorial culture and commemorative practices in the space of Second Life computer game.

Methods. The author relies on the philosophical-cultural approach, which includes methods of selection, generalization and typology, as well as the methodology of memory studies.

Results. Three interesting observations of the authors of the reviewed book on digital memorial culture are highlighted: (1) autonomy of virtual norms in the process of experience of «powerless grief»; (2) possibility of realization of nostalgic experiences through virtual «time travel»; (3) formation of specific memorial culture in the space of «virtual third places», which is an alternative to the legitimized memorial culture. The author of the review typologizes the digital commemorative practices described in the book in terms of memory objects. It distinguishes commemorations associated with virtual history (implementing the nostalgia for the past of the game itself); imagined history (allowing to «play» history in the space of simulations) and reallife history.

Scope of results. The results can be applied in the study of socio-cultural transformations of commemorative practices in the digital environment, as well as in the formation of research approaches to understanding the specific socio-constructivist potential of computer games.
AS FAMÍLIAS CENTROPOMIDAE, GRAMMISTIDAE, PRIACANTHIDAE, APOGONIDAE, — POMATOMIDAE, — ECHENEIDIDAE, LUTJANIDAE E LOBOTIDAE ( PISCES, PERCIFORMES ) NA COLEÇÃO DO LABORATÓRIO DE ICTIOLOGIA DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Duarte Lopes Paulo Roberto
Published: September 2023

É apresentado o material pertencente às famílias Centropomidae, Grammistidae, Pracanthidae, Apogonidae, Pormatomidae, Echenecididae, tutjanidae e Lobotídae (totalizando 11espécies e 32 exemplares) que se encontra depositado no Laboratório de Ictiologia (Departamento de Zoologia) da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. A maioria deste material provém do litoral do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (região sudeste do Brasil), porém alguns exemplares foram coletados no litoral do Estado da Bahia (região nordeste do Brasil) e um indivíduo foi adquirido no comércio no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (região sul do Brasil) Para cada espécie considerada, são citados o nome vulgar (quando conhecido, para o litoral sudeste do Brasil), a distribuição geográfica (no Oceano Atlântico ocidental) e os dados relativos ao material estudado (procedência, total de exemplares depositados e respectivo número de registro na coleção). Nenhuma ampliação dos limites de distribuição geográfica foi assinalada para as espécies aqui consideradas.
CRIAÇÃO LITERÁRIA
Authors: Souza Castro Fred , Borges Outran , Barreto Evandro , Miranda Iderval , Magalhães Jorge , Carneiro Miguel , Souza Cremildo , Melo Carlos Augusto , Lopes Raymundo Luiz
Published: September 2023

O homem se traduz no ritmo, cifra de sua temporalidade; o ritmo, por sua vez, se declara na imagem; e à imagem volta ao homem mai os lábios de alguém repetem o poema.

Octavio Paz
MACHADO DE ASSIS: A TRAVESSIA ESTÉTICA DA HISTÓRIA
Authors: Alves Pereira Rubens
Published: September 2023

Este trabalho pretende estudar a relação texto/contexto no conto "Evolução", de Machado de Assis, a partir da, e sobretudo, na literariedade da obra, na densa produtividade estética inerente não só a este conto como à toda obra madura do escritor. Em Machado, veremos, o universo social, o dado contextual faz — uma travessia estética para se materializar sobretudo na natureza e no destino dos indivíduos (os personagens de dentro e de fora da obra).
RESENHA
Authors: Silva Mello Josué
Published: September 2023

Maria Elisabete Xavier, com base nos anais da Assembléia Nacional Constituinte de 1823 e de outras fontes históricas, analisa neste livro, a difícil questão da autonomia do pensamento pedagógico brasileiro em relação à realidade nacional, limitando-se ao tempo histórico da Independência política e das primeiras décadas da República. Pretende a autora, em cinco capítulos incluindo introdução e conclusões, explicitar o fenômeno da autonomia do pensamento pedagógico nacional, cuja compreensão tem sido prejudicada por análises reducionistas e descontextualizadas que apenas concebem a autonomia na relação da transplantação e imitação de culturas mais desenvolvidas para a superação do atraso cultural do País e de uma concepção idealista de educação. Xavier, no entanto, parte da hipótese de que no pensamento pedagógico brasileiro subjaz uma autonomia aparente que se transforma num eficiente instrumento ideológico a serviço dos interesses dominantes e, por conseguinte, da manutenção da injustiça social.
Osteoporosis – An Imminent Ethical and Legal Debacle?
Authors: Pai Satvik , Jeyaraman Naveen , Jeyaraman Madhan , Shyam Ashok
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by a decrease in bone density. Its prevalence is on the rise and is only going to continue to rise further. Fragility fractures such as neck of femur fracture fractures and intertrochanteric fractures are among the most common fractures encountered by orthopedic surgeons today. Yet, the management of these fragility fractures has unfortunately fallen short of addressing the etiology behind the fracture. Orthopedic surgeons routinely perform arthroplasty or osteosynthesis for stabilization of these fractures, but rarely do they address the coexisting osteoporosis. We explore the factors, leading to this scenario, the practical hurdles faced, the ethical and legal considerations on the matter, and the road ahead. We believe that this is a topic which should be discussed further among orthopedic surgeons to arrive at practical solutions and change in perspectives. The aim of this article was to encourage a debate on the matter, increase awareness about the current situation, and help change the trend in the management of osteoporosis in developing countries like India. Keywords: Osteoporosis, ethics, medicolegal, treatment, practices.
Treatment of Bifocal Periprosthetic Fractures above and below a Knee after Tumor using Spanning Ilizarov Device: A Case Report
Authors: Lerner Alexander , Jakusonoka Ruta , Jumtins Andris , Rothem David
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Multiple treatment options and internal and external devices have been recommended for periprosthetic fractures management around total knee arthroplasty. Case Report: We present the case of the high-energy bifocal periprosthetic fractures of the femur and the tibia after total knee prosthesis following excision of a tumor. One of the fractures was an open tibial fracture Gustilo Type IIIB and the other – comminuted subtrochanteric fracture of the femur with extrusion of periprosthetic cement pieces out from the bone defect. The Ilizarov circular external fixator was used for the skeletal stabilization and early functional treatment in this compound case. Conclusion: The use of Ilizarov external fixator for patients with complex periprosthetic fractures, who present severe technical difficulties in bone stabilization, especially by concomitant severe soft-tissue damage after high-energy injuries, is a good surgical alternative. Keywords: Periprosthetic fracture, total knee replacement, tumor prosthesis, open fracture, Ilizarov external fixator.
A Reimagination of Dialogue and Democracy in Africa via an Afrocentric Reading of the Parable of the Sower (Lk. 8:4–8)
Authors: Udo Effiong Joseph
Published: September 2023

precis: One of the key principles of dialogue argues that participants in dialogue are to describe themselves and not to be described by others. Understandably, this is to avoid an incorrect characterization of others. Hence, by applying an Afrocentric lens to the Parable of the Sower, an African Christian self-description in relation to the concept and practice of dialogue and democracy in Africa is attempted in this study. This is needful since Africans have long suffered from the negative imagination and description by many Westerners. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, Africans were seen as a "people without history" and, lately, as a "people without democracy," despite the existence of people-centered values and rich social systems in Africa. By adopting a qualitative research design that combines Afrocentric hermeneutics with appreciative inquiry, the study examines the Parable of the Sower and the themes of seed-sowing, fertile ground, and transformative growth through the lens of African cultural values and experiences. It draws on the concepts of African personhood and the social ethics of communalism and ubuntu to demonstrate how an Afrocentric reading of the parable can inform a reimagination of dialogue and democracy in Africa.
Democratic Ideals for Political, Economic, and Social Development in a Pluralistic African Society: The Case of Kaduna State
Authors: Maichiki Isaac Peter , Akwe Samuel Victor
Published: September 2023

precis: This essay discusses how democratic ideals will foster political, economic, and social development in a pluralistic African society, by demonstrating how Kaduna State can achieve such development. Democracy is essential for uniting people of diverse cultures, ethnicities, and religions identities to achieve common goals and objectives, resulting in developing the society politically, economically, and socially. In an ideal democracy, when an inclusive government is practiced, people are free to participate in politics whatever their class or social status, and citizens have control of the agenda. Debate is valuable and should be employed when there is an issue, as well as in reaching a decision at the end of a process. Everybody must have the right to bring forward arguments about style, method, and implementation in the debate process. An exploratory research design was used in this study. Since achieving political, economic, and social development is central in this essay, "deliberative democracy" theory was utilized. The essay considers democratic ideals, civic dialogue, and how to achieve political, economic, and social development through democratic ideals. Finally, recommendations are offered on how these ideals will be sustained in achieving such development.
Thermal lens Z-scan measurements: theoretical and experimental uncertainties for low and high fluorescence quantum yields
Authors: Boudebs Georges , Zinoune Julien-Bilal , Cassagne Christophe , Chis Mihaela
Published: September 2023

The single-beam Z-scan thermal lens technique is
conducted to evaluate the fluorescence quantum yield of various
solutions in the case of high-moderate absorption, considering both
scenarios: solutions with substantial fluorescence and solutions with
high thermal efficiency but low fluorescence. An analytical
calculation is performed to determine the uncertainties associated
with the random errors introduced by optical detectors. The results
reveal that solutions with low fluorescence lead to a significant
error, whereas higher fluorescence can help in decreasing the
uncertainty. Additionally, the issue of random errors arising when
multiple measurements are needed to accurately estimate the
fluorescence of a solution will be discussed in different
situations.
Investigation of angle-insensitive grating color filters at periods much smaller than the wavelength of incidence
Authors: Liu Hao , Kang Guoguo
Published: September 2023

We designed and simulated one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) reflective grating color filters inside the aluminized polyethylene (PE) film. The filters have several advantages: high angle insensitivity (up to 45° for the 1D filter, 40° for the 2D filter), high reflectance at non-resonant wavelengths, deep resonance dips, and a large color gamut. Both structures are characterized by with their grating periods being much smaller than the wavelength of incidence. A grating modal analysis was utilized to reveal the physical mechanism behind such structures that exhibit angle-insensitive spectral responses which are favored in the fields of color display and packaging.
Continuous optical generation of microwave signals for fountain clocks
Authors: Lipphardt Burghard , Walkemeyer Patrick , Kazda Michael , Rahm Johannes , Weyers Stefan
Published: September 2023

For the optical generation of ultrastable microwave signals for fountain clocks, we developed a setup based on a cavity stabilized laser and a commercial frequency comb. The robust system, in operation since 2020, is locked to a 100 MHz output frequency of a hydrogen maser and provides an ultrastable 9.6 GHz signal for the interrogation of atoms in two cesium fountain clocks, acting as primary frequency standards. Measurements reveal that the system provides a phase noise level that enables quantum projection noise limited fountain frequency instabilities at the low 10−14(τ/s)−1/2 level. At the same time, it offers largely maintenance-free operation.
Polarization differential interference contrast microscopy with physics-inspired plug-and-play denoiser for single-shot high-performance quantitative phase imaging
Authors: Aleksandrovych Mariia , Strassberg Mark , Melamed Jonathan , Xu Min
Published: September 2023

We present single-shot high-performance quantitative phase imaging with a physics-inspired plug-and-play denoiser for polarization differential interference contrast (PDIC) microscopy. The quantitative phase is recovered by the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), balancing total variance regularization and a pre-trained dense residual U-net (DRUNet) denoiser. The custom DRUNet uses the Tanh activation function to guarantee the symmetry requirement for phase retrieval. In addition, we introduce an adaptive strategy accelerating convergence and explicitly incorporating measurement noise. After validating this deep denoiser-enhanced PDIC microscopy on simulated data and phantom experiments, we demonstrated high-performance phase imaging of histological tissue sections. The phase retrieval by the denoiser-enhanced PDIC microscopy achieves significantly higher quality and accuracy than the solution based on Fourier transforms or the iterative solution with total variance regularization alone.
Passivation of aluminum mirrors with SF6- or NF3-based plasmas
Authors: Rodriguez de Marcos L. V. , Wheeler V. D. , Batkis M. F. , del Hoyo J. G. , Jin E. N. , Walton S. G. , Wollack E. J. , Quijada M. A. , Boris D. R.
Published: September 2023

This research compares the use of NF3 and SF6 process gases for the removal of the native oxide from Al mirrors and their subsequent fluorination using low-temperature electron-beam generated plasmas. This single step process produces a stoichiometric AlF3 layer of controllable thickness which provides an excellent passivation layer for Al mirrors for far-ultraviolet optics applications. We show that NF3 produces more atomic F content within the plasma than SF6 for similar process conditions, allowing faster oxide removal and fluoride film growth. Al mirrors passivated in either SF6 or NF3 were subsequently studied as a function of gas flow concentration. We found that above a threshold value of atomic F content in the plasma (≈2 × 1018 m−3) samples processed with SF6 or NF3 exhibit similar optical and structural properties regardless of process parameters.
eQTL Catalogue 2023: New datasets, X chromosome QTLs, and improved detection and visualisation of transcript-level QTLs
Authors: Kerimov Nurlan , Tambets Ralf , Hayhurst James D. , Rahu Ida , Kolberg Peep , Raudvere Uku , Kuzmin Ivan , Chowdhary Anshika , Vija Andreas , Teras Hans J. , Kanai Masahiro , Ulirsch Jacob , Ryten Mina , Hardy John , Guelfi Sebastian , Trabzuni Daniah , Kim-Hellmuth Sarah , Rayner William , Finucane Hilary , Peterson Hedi , Mosaku Abayomi , Parkinson Helen , Alasoo Kaur
Published: September 2023

The eQTL Catalogue is an open database of uniformly processed human molecular quantitative trait loci (QTLs). We are continuously updating the resource to further increase its utility for interpreting genetic associations with complex traits. Over the past two years, we have increased the number of uniformly processed studies from 21 to 31 and added X chromosome QTLs for 19 compatible studies. We have also implemented Leafcutter to directly identify splice-junction usage QTLs in all RNA sequencing datasets. Finally, to improve the interpretability of transcript-level QTLs, we have developed static QTL coverage plots that visualise the association between the genotype and average RNA sequencing read coverage in the region for all 1.7 million fine mapped associations. To illustrate the utility of these updates to the eQTL Catalogue, we performed colocalisation analysis between vitamin D levels in the UK Biobank and all molecular QTLs in the eQTL Catalogue. Although most GWAS loci colocalised both with eQTLs and transcript-level QTLs, we found that visual inspection could sometimes be used to distinguish primary splicing QTLs from those that appear to be secondary consequences of large-effect gene expression QTLs. While these visually confirmed primary splicing QTLs explain just 6/53 of the colocalising signals, they are significantly less pleiotropic than eQTLs and identify a prioritised causal gene in 4/6 cases.
Impact of taxes and warning labels on red meat purchases among US consumers: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Taillie Lindsey Smith , Bercholz Maxime , Prestemon Carmen E. , Higgins Isabella C. A. , Grummon Anna H. , Hall Marissa G. , Jaacks Lindsay M.
Published: September 2023

Background

Policies to reduce red meat intake are important for mitigating climate change and improving public health. We tested the impact of taxes and warning labels on red meat purchases in the United States. The main study question was, will taxes and warning labels reduce red meat purchases?

Methods and findings

We recruited 3,518 US adults to participate in a shopping task in a naturalistic online grocery store from October 18, 2021 to October 28, 2021. Participants were randomized to one of 4 conditions: control (no tax or warning labels, n = 887), warning labels (health and environmental warning labels appeared next to products containing red meat, n = 891), tax (products containing red meat were subject to a 30% price increase, n = 874), or combined warning labels + tax (n = 866). We used fractional probit and Poisson regression models to assess the co-primary outcomes, percent, and count of red meat purchases, and linear regression to assess the secondary outcomes of nutrients purchased. Most participants identified as women, consumed red meat 2 or more times per week, and reported doing all of their household’s grocery shopping. The warning, tax, and combined conditions led to lower percent of red meat–containing items purchased, with 39% (95% confidence interval (CI) [38%, 40%]) of control participants’ purchases containing red meat, compared to 36% (95% CI [35%, 37%], p = 0.001) of warning participants, 34% (95% CI [33%, 35%], p < 0.001) of tax participants, and 31% (95% CI [30%, 32%], p < 0.001) of combined participants. A similar pattern was observed for count of red meat items. Compared to the control, the combined condition reduced calories purchased (−311.9 kcals, 95% CI [−589.1 kcals, −34.7 kcals], p = 0.027), while the tax (−10.3 g, 95% CI [−18.1 g, −2.5 g], p = 0.01) and combined (−12.7 g, 95% CI [−20.6 g, −4.9 g], p = 0.001) conditions reduced saturated fat purchases; no condition affected sodium purchases. Warning labels decreased the perceived healthfulness and environmental sustainability of red meat, while taxes increased perceived cost. The main limitations were that the study differed in sociodemographic characteristics from the US population, and only about 30% to 40% of the US population shops for groceries online.

Conclusions

Warning labels and taxes reduced red meat purchases in a naturalistic online grocery store.

Trial Registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ NCT04716010.
Label-free quantitative proteomic analyses of mouse astrocytes provides insight into the host response mechanism at different developmental stages of Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Xie Huanhuan , Sun Hang , Dong Hongjie , Dai Lisha , Xu Haozhi , Zhang Lixin , Wang Qi , Zhang Junmei , Zhao Guihua , Xu Chao , Yin Kun
Published: September 2023

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an opportunistic parasite that can infect the central nervous system (CNS), causing severe toxoplasmosis and behavioral cognitive impairment. Mortality is high in immunocompromised individuals with toxoplasmosis, most commonly due to reactivation of infection in the CNS. There are still no effective vaccines and drugs for the prevention and treatment of toxoplasmosis. There are five developmental stages for T. gondii to complete life cycle, of which the tachyzoite and bradyzoite stages are the key to the acute and chronic infection. In this study, to better understanding of how T. gondii interacts with the host CNS at different stages of infection, we constructed acute and chronic infection models of T. gondii in astrocytes, and used label-free proteomics to detect the proteome changes before and after infection, respectively. A total of 4676 proteins were identified, among which 163 differentially expressed proteins (fold change ≥ 1.5 or ≤ 0.67 and p-value ≤ 0.05) including 109 up-regulated proteins and 54 down-regulated proteins in C8-TA vs C8 group, and 719 differentially expressed proteins including 495 up-regulated proteins and 224 down-regulated proteins in C8-BR vs C8-TA group. After T. gondii tachyzoites infected astrocytes, differentially expressed proteins were enriched in immune-related biological processes to promote the formation of bradyzoites and maintain the balance of T. gondii, CNS and brain. After T. gondii bradyzoites infected astrocytes, the differentially expressed proteins up-regulated the host’s glucose metabolism, and some up-regulated proteins were strongly associated with neurodegenerative diseases. These findings not only provide new insights into the psychiatric pathogenesis of T. gondii, but also provide potential targets for the treatment of acute and chronic Toxoplasmosis.
Polarized contact behavior in directionally migrating Xenopus gastrula mesendoderm
Authors: Nagel Martina , Winklbauer Rudolf
Published: September 2023

The control of cell-cell adhesion and detachment is essential for collective migration and cell rearrangement. Here, we have used the contact behavior of Xenopus gastrula mesoderm explants migrating directionally on ectoderm conditioned substratum to study the regulation of active cell-cell detachment. When colliding laterally, explants repelled each other, whereas they fused front-to-back when aligned in the direction of migration. For this mesoderm polarization by the substratum, we identified three control modules. First, PDGF-A signaling normally suppresses contact-induced collapse of lamellipodia in a polarized manner. Disruption of PDGF-A function, or of Xwnt6, decreased the polarization of explant contact behavior. Second, the Wnt receptor Xfz7 acted upstream of the kinase Pak1 to control explant fusion independently of PDGF-A-promoted lamellipodia stability. Third, ephrinB1 acted with Dishevelled (Dvl) in front-to-back explant fusion. The second and third modules have been identified previously as regulators of tissue separation at the ectoderm-mesoderm boundary. On non-polarizing, fibronectin-coated substratum, they controlled repulsion between explants in the same way as between tissues during boundary formation. However, explant repulsion/fusion responses were reversed on conditioned substratum by the endogenous guidance cues that also control oriented contact inhibition of lamellipodia. Together, control modules and substratum-bound guidance cues combine preferential front-back adhesion and diminished lateral adhesion of cells to promote collective directional mesoderm migration.
José Bonifácio, la interpretación coimbrã y la Independencia
Authors: Camfield Barbosa Luis Guilherme , Teixeira Perez Reginaldo
Published: September 2023

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo explorar el pensamiento político de José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva, a partir de su producción intelectual, en un marco temporal que comprende los momentos previos a la Independencia de Brasil (últimos meses de 1821 y primeras semanas de 1822). Sin menospreciar aspectos estructurales que habrían influido directamente en los acontecimientos históricos, se entiende que Bonifácio fue la pieza central de la secesión brasileña. Por lo tanto, comprender su pensamiento político, plasmado en sus escritos de la época, ayudaría a comprender la separación de Brasil de Portugal. La hipótesis preliminar presentada es la siguiente: José Bonifácio tradujo la interpretación de parte de la élite luso-brasileña (en particular, la élite paulista coimbrã), que se enfrentaba a la inevitabilidad de la Independencia, considerando los derroteros políticos de la Revolución Liberal en Oporto (1820).
Bachianas Brasileiras nº 1 por Villa-Lobos: representación de la identidad brasileña a través de la invención del género ensemble de violonchelos
Authors: Hoefs Lars
Published: September 2023

Entre los años 1930-1945, Villa-Lobos compuso las nueve Bachianas Brasileiras, suites que combinaban elementos de la música popular y tradicional brasileña con características de la música de J. S. Bach. La primera y quinta de la serie fueron escritas para la instrumentación inusual de una «orquesta de violonchelos», una formación que casi no existía anteriormente. La síntesis estilística única de Villa-Lobos, combinada con su tratamiento tremendamente hábil para la orquesta de violonchelos, dio como resultado obras que sentaron las bases para un nuevo género, el ensemble de violonchelos. Las Bachianas Brasileiras nº 1 y 5, y especialmente la nº 1, desde entonces han sido adoptadas y celebradas por violonchelistas y grupos de violonchelos de todo el mundo. Estas obras ayudaron a formar el género, ahora floreciente, del ensemble de violonchelo y continúan hasta nuestros días como los mejores y más representados ejemplos del repertorio para el ensemble de violonchelos.
Antonio Candido y Silviano Santiago: puntos de encuentro teóricos entre la literatura y las ciencias sociales desde la crítica literaria brasileña
Authors: Reséndiz Delgado Oscar Alejandro
Published: September 2023

Los puntos de encuentro entre la literatura y las ciencias sociales son inevitables. Debido a esto, es necesario estudiar esas zonas fronterizas para comprender las diferentes formas en que estos campos de estudio se relacionan, colaboran o discuten. En este sentido, integrar en la discusión autores de todos los lugares se vuelve tarea urgente, en especial cuando se trata de un espacio con una tradición crítica tan importante como Brasil. Así, la obra de Antonio Candido y Silviano Santiago se convierten en voces que pueden ayudar a dilucidar nuevas posibilidades en esta compleja relación interdisciplinaria. Este artículo presenta y discute algunos de los aportes más significativos de los autores antes mencionados con relación a la zona fronteriza entre la crítica literaria y las ciencias sociales, esto con la intención de explorar su visión sobre el problema y algunas de sus posibles áreas de desarrollo.
Algunos aspectos relacionados con la medicina árabe y la práctica de necropsias de cadáveres en la película El médico (2013)
Authors: Ambicho-Díaz Luz , Espinoza-Lecca Raul Eduardo , Contreras-Pulache Hans
Published: September 2023

Se plantea la objeción a una pregunta que hasta el día de hoy es muy discutible, ¿se sabe que las necropsias se iniciaron en el siglo III AC? En este documento daremos a conocer la percepción de la teoría referente a Avicena, un médico islam. Para esto precisamos momentos exactos de la película El médico / The Physician (2013) de Philipp Stölzl. El personaje «Avicena» centra su enseñanza de la medicina basada en escritos y no en las prácticas vivenciales, sin embargo cuando «Robert Cole» llega a la escuela trae consigo el conocimiento basado en la medicina tradicional y plantea requerir aún más el conocimiento de su maestro «Avicena», este logra conseguir el conocimiento anatómico escrito y tiende a la necesidad de querer saber que hay dentro del cuerpo humano, por ello realizará su primera necropsia de un cuerpo humano fallecido recientemente. Cabe mencionar que las necropsias estaban prohibidas por la religión de ese entonces. En síntesis, vamos a mencionar que, en efecto, si, se realizó la necropsia del cuerpo humano en el siglo III AC, llegando a un punto de concordancia con la anatomía humana hasta el día de hoy.
La conciencia y la esencia del médico en dos películas
Authors: González-Blasco Pablo , De Carballo-Moura Juliana , Moreto Graziela , Lamus Francisco
Published: September 2023

Dos películas -una española ambientada en Colombia, la otra belga- que tienen un denominador común, y provocan un cuestionamiento vocacional: ¿Cuál es el sentido de ser médico? ¿Por qué elegir esta profesión? Y, a continuación, la pregunta lógica: ¿Cómo formar médicos hoy en día, cuando parece que el sistema no ayuda? La construcción del profesionalismo médico enfrenta desafíos únicos que ven de dentro del sistema sanitario. La atención está centrada en procesos y resultados, y el paciente es, con mucha frecuencia, olvidado. El enfermo se transforma en un detalle o, peor, en un elemento que problematiza el sistema, diseñado para situaciones teóricas, sin contemplar la necesaria imprevisibilidad del ser humano. La solución posible sugiere la necesidad de formar una cultura en grupo, trabajar en conjunto con profesionales que son felices, y tiene orgullo de ser médicos y dedicarse vocacionalmente a cuidar de los pacientes. El médico es una conciencia frente a una confianza que el paciente le otorga. Por eso, reflexionar sobre la práctica médica es fundamental para el aprendizaje y el despertar de esta conciencia profesional. Sólo cuando pensamos en nuestro desempeño, en cómo aprendemos de cada encuentro con el paciente, podemos mejorar y adquirir nuevas actitudes. Postura que es integridad y al mismo tiempo dedicación y cuidado amoroso, donde se injerta la verdadera competencia y sabiduría, como la demostrada por los médicos ejemplares de todas las épocas. Aprender, que la sabiduría no es sólo saber las cosas, sino también amarlas.
La Academia de los Linceos y su historial de resurgimientos
Authors: Bottasso Oscar
Published: September 2023

El manuscrito hace una revisión sobre la historia de la Academia de Los Linceanos creada a principios de siglo XVII con todas las vicisitudes que rodearon una existencia la cual ya supera los 500 años. Como una muestra cabal de sus claroscuros se efectúa un repaso de las peripecias atravesadas en los años del fascismo, la política antisemita que la atravesó y la posterior reconstitución concluida la guerra. Vayan pues para ella, los deseos de una travesía en plena armonía y no más sobresaltos.
The Allegory of the African Continental Free Trade Area; An Optimistic Prescription?
Authors: Formella Collins Nkapnwo
Published: September 2023

The African Continental Free Trade Area is an initiative aimed at establishing an economic block across the African continent, drawing parallels with the antecedent of the European Community, which pioneered economic activities and integration in Europe prior to its full assimilation into the broader framework of the European Union in 2009. The intention of this paper is to uncover potential opportunities while also illuminating possible obstacles that, if not adeptly managed, could impede the trajectory of economic integration in the promising African continent. The choice of an allegorical title is deliberate, aligning with the nuanced points this paper seeks to underscore, derived from a series of observations, although infused with substantial optimism. This study examines the potential influence of structural, contextual, and operational dynamics, predominantly observed within many African countries, on the outcomes of major integration initiatives and its associated goals. Drawing insights from the experiences of other nations and continental economic alliances, the analysis assesses how these shared dynamics may condition and shape the consequences of this landmark integration decision. Notably, the emphasis shifts from the investigation itself to the prospective impacts of integration, as informed by empirical evidences and contextual considerations. Key dimensions such as capital accumulation, labor growth, and increase in productivity emerge as critical factors in reinforcement of the quest for sustainable economic growth.
Global Prevalence of Psychological Distress and Comorbidity With Disorders of Gut-Brain Interactions
Authors: Trindade Inês A. , Hreinsson Jóhann P. , Melchior Chloé , Algera Joost P. , Colomier Esther , Törnblom Hans , Drossman Douglas , Tack Jan , Palsson Olafur S. , Bangdiwala Shrikant I. , Sperber Ami D. , Simrén Magnus
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION:

This study focused on defining the global prevalence of clinically relevant levels of psychological distress and somatic symptoms and the prevalence of coexistence between these symptoms and disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI). We also analyzed how clinically relevant psychological distress and somatic symptoms and coexistent DGBI are associated with health-related outcomes.

METHODS:

We included a representative sample of 54,127 adult participants (49.1% women; mean age of 44.3 years) from 26 countries worldwide. Participants completed an Internet survey (the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study) with validated self-report questionnaires.

RESULTS:

Clinically relevant psychological distress and/or somatic symptom severity was reported by 37.5% of the sample. These participants had 4.45 times higher odds to have at least one DGBI than individuals without psychological distress and/or somatic symptoms. Compared with participants with psychological distress and/or somatic symptoms with vs without DGBI, participants with a DGBI reported increased healthcare and medication utilization (with OR from 1.6 to 2.8). Coexistent DGBI in participants with psychological distress and/or somatic symptoms was the variable most strongly associated with reduced mental (β = −0.77; confidence interval [−0.86 to −0.68]) and physical (β = −1.17; confidence interval [−1.24 to −1.10]) quality of life.

DISCUSSION:

This global study shows that psychological distress, somatic symptoms, and DGBI are very common and frequently overlap. The coexistence between psychological distress/somatic symptoms and DGBI seems to be especially detrimental to quality of life and healthcare utilization. Individuals with psychological distress/somatic symptoms and DGBI coexistence seem to be a group vulnerable to psychosocial problems that should be studied further and would likely benefit from psychological/psychiatric interventions.
Sustainable materials in the flexible packaging industry – an overview
Authors: Papageorgiou Konstantinos , Theochari Stamatina , Milioris Konstantinos
Published: September 2023

The article presents the latest solutions for sustainable flexible packaging materials, covering articles published in 2017–2022. Discussed, among others bio-based, biodegradable, and recycled polymers, and paper, which are slowly being adopted by the industry and are expected to replace traditional packaging materials from non-renewable sources in the coming years.
An application of cognitive diagnostic models in the evaluation of reading comprehension in Chilean university students
Authors:   Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, España, Puente Aníbal , Alvarado Jesús M. ,   Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, España, Gutierrez de Blume Antonio ,   Georgia Southern University, Estados Unidos, Calderón Maureira Juan Felipe ,   Universidad Andres Bello, Chile
Published: September 2023

Reading Comprehension skills are fundamental to the academic performance of university students. These abilities are not innate; therefore, systematic training is required before entering university. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the reading comprehension skills of Chilean University Students. Method: A sample of 579 students participated in the study, responding to four texts that comprise the Reading Comprehension Strategies for University Students (ELCU). An automated platform was used to apply and correct the test with immediate results and feedback. The tool allowed the use of a broad and representative sample of the various regions of Chile. The ELCU was developed using a cognitive diagnostic assessment (CDA) considering cognitive, metacognitive and linguistic strategies. The analyses were performed using two different approaches: The Linear Logistic Test Model (LLTM) and the deterministic inputs, noisy “and” gate (DINA) model. Results: The rejection of the LLTM implies that the strategies do not differ in cognitive complexity (difficulty) while the adequate goodness of fit to the DINA model allows to characterise the students according to their reading abilities. Conclusion: The ELCU test provides reliable and valid information on the reading comprehension ability and metacognitive awareness of university students.
Scholars and Literati at the Accademia della Crusca (1583–1800)
Authors: Vitale Mara
Published: September 2023

This note summarizes our research into the group of scholars and literati who were at the Accademia della Crusca from 1583 to 1800.
On the strong connectivity of the 2-Engel graphs of almost simple groups
Authors: Dalla Volta Francesca , Mastrogiacomo Fabio , Spiga Pablo
Published: September 2023

The Engel graph of a finite group 𝐺 is a directed graph encoding the pairs of elements in 𝐺 satisfying some Engel word.
Recent work of Lucchini and the third author shows that, except for a few well-understood cases, the Engel graphs of almost simple groups are strongly connected.
In this paper, we give a refinement to this analysis.
Geometric classifications of k-almost Ricci solitons admitting paracontact metrices
Authors: Li Yanlin , Patra Dhriti Sundar , Alluhaibi Nadia , Mofarreh Fatemah , Ali Akram
Published: September 2023

The prime objective of the approach is to give geometric classifications of

k

k

-almost Ricci solitons associated with paracontact manifolds. Let

M

2
n
+
1

(

φ
,
ξ
,
η
,
g

)

{M}^{2n+1}\left(\varphi ,\xi ,\eta ,g)

be a paracontact metric manifold, and if a

K

K

-paracontact metric

g

g

represents a

k

k

-almost Ricci soliton

(

g
,
V
,
k
,
λ

)

\left(g,V,k,\lambda )

and the potential vector field

V

V

is Jacobi field along the Reeb vector field

ξ

\xi

, then either

k
=
λ
−
2
n

k=\lambda -2n

, or

g

g

is a

k

k

-Ricci soliton. Next, we consider

K

K

-paracontact manifold as a

k

k

-almost Ricci soliton with the potential vector field

V

V

is infinitesimal paracontact transformation or collinear with

ξ

\xi

. We have proved that if a paracontact metric as a

k

k

-almost Ricci soliton associated with the non-zero potential vector field

V

V

is collinear with

ξ

\xi

and the Ricci operator

Q

Q

commutes with paracontact structure

φ

\varphi

, then it is Einstein of constant scalar curvature equals to

−
2
n

(

2
n
+
1

)

-2n\left(2n+1)

. Finally, we have deduced that a para-Sasakian manifold admitting a gradient

k

k

-almost Ricci soliton is Einstein of constant scalar curvature equals to

−
2
n

(

2
n
+
1

)

-2n\left(2n+1)

.
Recent progress in dielectric/metal/dielectric electrodes for foldable light-emitting devices
Authors: Zhang Buqi , Gong Ruixin , Zhang Yuanbo , Li Yanan , Zhu Lianqing
Published: September 2023

Flexible optoelectronic devices have a broad application prospect in the field of wearable electronic devices, among which the superior transparent electrode is the core problem in achieving high-performance flexible optoelectronic devices. The brittle indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent electrode, which is currently commonly used, is difficult to be compatible with the flexible substrate. Multilayer dielectric/metal/dielectric (DMD) structure films are attracting attention as next-generation ITO-free electrodes. High optical transmittance, super electrical conductivity, and mechanical flexibility of DMD electrodes make them promising for highly efficient optoelectronic devices. Despite substantial research on the optimization of DMD electrodes, a large gulf still exists in obtaining foldable and transparent conductive electrodes and applying them to light-emitting devices, including organic light-emitting diodes (LEDs), quantum dot LEDs, and perovskite LEDs. In this perspective, we review the superiority of DMD electrodes in terms of optical and electrical performance, and mechanical flexibility, and summarize their applications in LEDs. Furthermore, we also give future research directions for DMD electrodes regarding physical properties, mechanism stability, and application reliability.
A Majestic Anthropology?
Authors: Kohli Candace L.
Published: September 2023

Sixteenth-century Christological debates sought to clarify the philosophical implications of the hypostatic union thesis formulated at Chalcedon. The genus maiesticatum, in particular, permitted that Christ’s created human nature could be said to possess divine attributes and powers. Other systematic regions like theological anthropology were implicated in this concept as well; the elevation of Christ’s human nature provided a conceptual framework for understanding the way divine indwelling might elevate human moral capacities in the elect. Medieval Scholastics after Lombard sought to clarify what type of relation indwelling might be. Was it a hypostatic union as in Christology or something else? At the start of the sixteenth-century, Protestant reformers inherited this question. Their engagement with it demonstrates the systematic implications of Christological metaphysics and clarifies conceptual continuities and shifts that occurred across this historical moment of reform.
The cult of Iupiter Dolichenus in the Central European Barbaricum?
Authors: Jílek Jan , Nejedlá Alena , Kvetánová Ivana , Selucká Alena , Lukeš Ladislav
Published: September 2023

The study evaluates and interprets a new find of fragments of a triangular votive plaque of Iupiter Dolichenus from Újezd u Rosic, Brno-Country District (Moravia, Czech Republic) and places it in the context of the Central European Barbaricum and the Roman Middle Danube region. The team of authors presents a revision of older finds (bronze statuettes from the Homeland Museum at Hlohovec, Slovakia and from Berlin-Lichtenberg, Germany) as well as an elemental and material analysis of the find from Újezd u Rosic. Due to their isolated occurrence in the landscape, the fragments of the triangular votive plaque from Újezd u Rosic are an evidence for ritual behaviour of the local barbarian populations rather than a lost item. The presence of the plaque outside the Roman border can hypothetically be connected with the events of the Marcomannic Wars, or with the period of unrest between the Germanic tribes and the Roman power under the Late Severans.