bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supply Chain Modeling for a Process Industry
Authors: Quttineh Nils-Hassan , Lidestam Helene , Ahlstedt Mårten , Olsson Sven
Published: February 2017

Process industries of today differ from other industries in many aspects. The purpose of this paper is to consider these special properties of process industries when developing a mathematical model that can be used as a decision support tool for the supply chain planning for a chemical process industry in Sweden. A mixed-integer linear programming model is developed, and solutions to the model present how the products will be transported between the different sites of the company, the levels of the inventories, the setups and purchases from the external suppliers and also the production rates. The mathematical model takes many special properties regarding process industries into account. By using the results from the model and test different scenarios, the model can be used as an important support tool when making decisions. The decision support tool can for example be used in the company's budget process and thereby improve the chances of future profits increases.
Resource Availability Modeling and Optimization in a Car Park Management Problem
Authors: Salagaras Christoforos , Koutras Vasilis P. , Thomaidis Nikos S. , Vassiliadis Vassilios , Platis Agapios N. , Dounias Georgios , Kyriazis Constantine
Published: February 2017

This paper addresses the modeling and optimization of resource availability in car parks, serving different priority classes of customers. The authors examine various formulations of the problem concerning two general objectives: a) increasing the availability for high priority customers and b) maximizing the aggregate service level. In the current context, priority classes are specified according to different space reservation options provided by the parking management company (monthly parking, hourly parking, parking on demand, etc.). Based on actual historical traffic data and under certain methodological assumptions, they calculate the arrival and service rates for each class of customers. These are subsequently used as inputs in a Markov model that describes the evolution of the number of free parking spaces in time, given that some spaces are reserved for higher priority classes. Optimization techniques and OR heuristics are applied to deal with numerical aspects of the associated reservation planning issues.
Step Towards Pervasive Technology Assessment in Intensive Medicine
Authors: Portela Filipe , Santos Manuel Filipe , Machado José , Abelha António , Rua Fernando
Published: February 2017

This paper presents the evaluation of a Pervasive Intelligent Decision Support System in Intensive Medicine making use of Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM3). Two rounds of questionnaires were distributed and compared. The work is based on a discursive evaluation of a method employed to assess a new and innovative technology (INTCare) using the four constructs of TAM3 and statistical metrics. The paper crosses the TAM3 constructs with INTCare features to produce a questionnaire to provide a better comprehension of the users' intentions. The final results are essential to validate the system and understand the user sensitivity. The paper validates a method to access technologies in critical environments and shows an example of how a questionnaire can be developed based on TAM3. It also proves the viability of using this method and advises that two rounds of questionnaires should be performed if we want to have better evidence on user satisfaction.
Applied Pervasive Patient Timeline in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Braga André , Portela Filipe , Santos Manuel Filipe , Abelha António , Machado José , Silva Álvaro , Rua Fernando
Published: February 2017

This study has the objective of introducing an innovative way of presenting and representing information concerning patients in Intensive Care Units. Therefore, the Pervasive Patient Timeline, which has the purpose of offering support to intensivists' decision-making process, by providing access to a real-time environment, was developed. The solution is patient-centred as it can be accessed from anywhere, at any time and it contains patients' clinical data since they are admitted to the ICU until their discharge. The environment holds data concerning vital signs, laboratory results, therapeutics, and data mining predictions, which can be analysed to have a better understanding of patients' present and future condition. Due to the nature of the critical care environment, the pervasive aspect is crucial because it allows intensivists make decisions when they have to be made. The Pervasive Patient Timeline is focused on improving the quality of care by helping the intensivists perform better in their daily activity.
The Evolution of Comorbidities in Hospital Administrative Databases
Authors: Freitas Alberto , Lema Isabel Garcia , Costa-Pereira Altamiro
Published: February 2017

The analysis of inpatient comorbidities is important for hospital management, epidemiological studies, and health services research and planning. This paper aims to study the evolution of coded comorbidities in a nationwide administrative database. Specifically, data from Portuguese hospitals over the period 2000-2014 was used. Secondary diagnoses, coded with ICD-9-CM, were used to identify comorbidities in 9,613,563 inpatient episodes, using both the Elixhauser and the Charslon/Deyo methods. A description of comorbidities evolution over years, including an analysis of the associated principal diagnosis, was carried out. Results clearly evidence a positive association between the number of secondary diagnoses and coded comorbidities. It can be argued that the increased number of comorbidities over time is mostly related to an increase in the quality of coded data, and not so much to an increase in the severity of treated patients. Data analysts, researchers and decision makers should be alert to possible data quality bias, such as completeness, when using administrative databases.
A Sharp Bound on RIC in Generalized Orthogonal Matching Pursuit
Authors: Chen Wengu , Ge Huanmin
Published: February 2017

The generalized orthogonal matching pursuit (gOMP) algorithm has received much attention in recent years as a natural extension of the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP). It is used to recover sparse signals in compressive sensing. In this paper, a new bound is obtained for the exact reconstruction of every K-sparse signal via the gOMP algorithm in the noiseless case. That is, if the restricted isometry constant (RIC) δNK+1 of the sensing matrix A satisfies

then the gOMP can perfectly recover every K-sparse signal x from y = Ax. Furthermore, the bound is proved to be sharp. In the noisy case, the above bound on RIC combining with an extra condition on the minimum magnitude of the nonzero components of K-sparse signals can guarantee that the gOMP selects all of the support indices of the K-sparse signals.
Local Error Analysis and Comparison of the Swept- and Intersection-Based Remapping Methods
Authors: Klima Matej , Kucharik Milan , Shashkov Mikhail
Published: February 2017

In this paper, the numerical error of two widely used methods for remapping of discrete quantities from one computational mesh to another is investigated. We compare the intuitive, but resource intensive method utilizing intersections of computational cells with the faster and simpler swept-region-based method. Both algorithms are formally second order accurate, however, they are known to produce slightly different quantity profiles in practical applications. The second-order estimate of the error formula is constructed algebraically for both algorithms so that their local accuracy can be evaluated. This general estimate is then used to assess the dependence of the performance of both methods on parameters such as the second derivatives of the remapped distribution, mesh geometry or mesh movement. Due to the complexity of such analysis, it is performed on a set of simplified elementary mesh patterns such as cell corner expansion, rotation or shear. On selected numerical tests it is demonstrated that the swept-based method can distort a symmetric quantity distribution more substantially than the intersection-based approach when the computational mesh moves in an unsuitable direction.
Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Steady Flow in a Semi-Elliptical Cavity
Authors: Ren Junjie , Guo Ping
Published: February 2017

The lattice Boltzmann method is employed to simulate the steady flow in a two-dimensional lid-driven semi-elliptical cavity. Reynolds number (Re) and vertical-to-horizontal semi-axis ratio (D) are in the range of 500-5000 and 0.1-4, respectively. The effects of Re and D on the vortex structure and pressure field are investigated, and the evolutionary features of the vortex structure with Re and D are analyzed in detail. Simulation results show that the vortex structure and its evolutionary features significantly depend on Re and D. The steady flow is characterized by one vortex in the semi-elliptical cavity when both Re and D are small. As Re increases, the appearance of the vortex structure becomes more complex. When D is less than 1, increasing D makes the large vortexes more round, and the evolution of the vortexes with D becomes more complex with increasing Re. When D is greater than 1, the steady flow consists of a series of large vortexes which superimpose on each other. As Re and D increase, the number of the large vortexes increases. Additionally, a small vortex in the upper-left corner of the semi-elliptical cavity appears at a large Re and its size increases slowly as Re increases. The highest pressures appear in the upper-right corner and the pressure changes drastically in the upper-right region of the cavity. The total pressure differences in the semi-elliptical cavity with a fixed D decrease with increasing Re. In the region of themain vortex, the pressure contours nearly coincide with the streamlines, especially for the cavity flow with a large Re.
Inventario de experiencias revolucionarias. Los primeros hormigones de la modernidad
Authors: Blanco Agüeira Silvia
Published: February 2017

El hormigón armado se inventó muchas veces y en muchos lugares distintos a lo largo del siglo XIX, aunque necesitó de un largo recorrido para introducirse plenamente en el ámbito arquitectónico y en los circuitos de producción. Hicieron falta más de cincuenta años para que se reconocieran sus cualidades, que iban más allá de una evidente compacidad y resistencia.
Capilla San Benedicto en Kolbermoor. Alemania
Authors: Architektur&stadtplanung Kunze Seeholzer
Published: February 2017

La capilla se encuentra sobre una llanura en medio de un antiguo parque en Kolbermoor. El visitante penetra poco a poco a través de una amplia explanada a la elevada zona de entrada con campana y posteriormente al interior sagrado. Se retoma la imagen clásica de una iglesia con campanario y se interpreta de forma contemporánea e innovadora.
Puente Schanerloch en Dornbirn. Austria
Authors: Marte.Marte Architekten Arquitectos
Published: February 2017

El puente que atraviesa el desfi ladero de Schanerloch es parte de la impresionante carretera que une la ciudad de Dornbirn y la pequeña poblanción de Ebrit pintorescamente situada junto al manatial del río Dornbirner Ache, al pie de las imponentes montañas. La espectacular ruta a este antiguo asentamiento se caracteriza por una serie de túneles de roca natural y puentes de piedra. La tecnología actual ha permitido llevar la geometría de la originaria tipología del puente de arco de piedra hasta su límite.
Monumento a Shin-Yatsushiro en Yatsushiro. Japón
Authors: Kumiko Inui Arquitecto
Published: February 2017

El monumento a Shin-Yatsushiro se inauguró en 2004 para celebrar la nueva estación de tren frente a la que se sitúa. 
Centro de monitorización ambiental e interpretación (CMIA) en Tomar, Portugal
Authors: Embaixada – Arquitectura, Lda Arquitectos
Published: February 2017

Desde la última década del siglo XX, ha sido usual especialmente en la antigua Europa, para la comisión de proyectos para demandar la conservación, renovación y conversión de construcciones de un pasado cercano y de las más diversas tipologías y matrices culturales. El síndrome de la preservación en ocasiones lleva a una sobre-evaluación de las estructuras de los edifi cios. Edad no es una garantía de cualidad arquitectónica, por el contrario es un proceso de selección natural.
Casa H en Ljubljana. Eslovenia
Authors: Bevk perovicˇ arhitekti Estudio
Published: February 2017

House H se encuentra situada en una prestigiosa localización -en un barrio residencial de Rozna Dolinaen el linde entre el centro de la ciudad y los jardines de Roznik Hill. La intervención de renovación y extensión consistía en conectar la introvertida y autónoma estructura existente de los años 60 con el jardín que la envuelve.
Club de vela en Fussach. Austria
Authors: Baumschlager Eberle Arquitectos
Published: February 2017

La construcción del Puerto de Fussach es una tarea que desdeña cualquier postura arquitectónica pintoresca. La claras geometrías estructurales contrastan con el entorno natural. Desde el año 2000, el edifi cio del puerto se cierne sobre el espacio que lo rodea, dándole a la dueña, María Rohner, las amplias vistas que necesitaba.
Pabellón [C]Space DRL10 en Bedford Square. Londres. Reino Unido
Authors: Alan Dempsey & Alvin Huang Arquitectos
Published: February 2017

[C]space es la apuesta ganadora en el concurso AADRL 10 para la construcción de un pabellón , que tenía que ser construido para celebrar el décimo aniversario de la AA Design Research Lab, junto con la exposición y la publicación de un libro que documenta el trabajo integral elaborado.
Tienda principal de 3.1 Phillip Lim en Seúl. Corea del Sur
Authors: Dominic Leong y Chris Leong Arquitectos
Published: February 2017

El establecimiento central de 3.1 Phillip Lim diseñado por el estudio Leong Leong esta ubicado en Cheongdam- Dong, el principal distrito de la moda en Seúl. En un plazo de ocho meses, Leong Leong diseñaron y supervisaron la construcción de los 550 m2 destinados a tienda dentro de un edificio preexistente de cuatro alturas.
REINFORCEMENT OF NATURAL RUBBER BY SILICA/SILANE IN DEPENDENCE OF DIFFERENT AMINE TYPES
Authors: Hayichelaeh C. , Reuvekamp L. A. E. M. , Dierkes W. K. , Blume A. , Noordermeer J. W. M. , Sahakaro K.
Published: February 2017

Diphenyl guanidine (DPG) is the most commonly used secondary accelerator in silica-reinforced rubber compounds because of its additional positive effect on the silanization reaction and deactivation of free silanol groups that are left over after the silanization. However, because of health and safety concerns about the use of DPG, which decomposes to give highly toxic aniline during high processing temperature, safe alternatives are required. This work investigates the effect of various types of aliphatic amines having alkyl or cyclic structures and similar pKa (i.e., hexylamine [HEX], decylamine [DEC], octadecylamine [OCT], cyclohexylamine [CYC], dicyclohexylamine [DIC], and quinuclidine [QUI]) on the properties of silica-reinforced natural rubber (NR) compounds by taking the ones with DPG and without amine as references. When compared with the compound without amine, the use of all amine types reduces filler–filler interaction (i.e., the Payne effect) and enhances filler–rubber interaction, as indicated by bound rubber content and decreased heat capacity increment. The amines with alkyl chains can reduce the Payne effect and enhance cure rate to a greater extent compared with the amines with cyclic rings as a result of better accessibility toward the silica surface and a shielding effect because of less steric hindrance. The longer carbon tails on linear aliphatic amines ranging from HEX, DEC, to OCT lead to a lower Payne effect, lower heat capacity increment, higher bound rubber content, and higher modulus as well as tensile strength. Overall, the use of OCT provides silica-reinforced NR compounds with properties closest to the reference one with DPG and can act as a potential alternative for DPG.
Turning Listening Inside Out: Brian Eno'sAmbient 1: Music for Airports
Authors: Lysaker John
Published: February 2017

Brian Eno's Ambient 1: Music for Airports is a seminal album in the history of electronic music. Using Deleuze and Guattari's notion of the assemblage, I explore the album's compositional structure as well as its ambient function, by attending to specific tracks and locating the album in musical history, particularly relative to the work of John Cage, La Monte Young, and Steve Reich. In an extended discussion of its ambient function, I argue that the LP offers music for reverie that is capable of initiating processes of potential self-transformation.
He Saw What Was Going to Happen in the World and Put It on Stage
Authors: Magada-Ward Mary
Published: February 2017

The choreographer George Balanchine famously declared that “I don't create or invent anything, I assemble.” I take the import of this pronouncement to be that he conceived his artistic mission to be that of articulating (in movement) those liberatory tendencies that, without his work, might very well have remained inchoate for his audience, and I illustrate this reading through an examination of his 1957 masterpiece Agon, a ballet whose central pas de deux is a symbolic violation of the laws against miscegenation.
Tax Policy and Foreign Direct Investment: Empirical Evidence from Mauritius
Authors: Digumber Sharvesh , Soondram Hemavadi , Jugurnath Bhavish
Published: February 2017

This study demonstrates, through the use both qualitative and quantitative data, that there are several factors determining Foreign Direct Investment flows between two countries. A total of 180 accountants were surveyed in this study, whereby the majority of respondents agreed that Capital Gains Tax is an important factor determining FDI flow within a tax treaty but is not the only significant factor. The study also used regression analysis through a gravity equation to confirm the survey’s conclusion. Using Mauritius and a host of its tax treaty partners as proxies, it was found that Gross Domestic Product per capita, Capital Gains Tax, common language and distance were major factors affecting Foreign Direct Investment flow in a bilateral tax treaty. This study gives a good insight on the reasons why foreign investors use the Mauritian tax treaty network as a platform for investment. The main rationale for such investments was attributed to Mauritius offering a 0% Capital Gains Tax rate and being a low tax jurisdiction. However, this study sheds new light on this reasoning and provides evidence that investment does not depend solely on Capital Gains Tax levy but also a host of other important factors.
A Validated HPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Perindopril Arginine, Amlodipine, and Indapamide: Application in Bulk and in Different Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
Authors: El-Bagary Ramzia I , Elkady Ehab F , Mowaka Shereen , Attallah Maria A
Published: February 2017

A simple, accurate, and precise LC method with a reversed stationary phase was developed and validated for the determination of perindopril (PER) arginine, amlodipine (AML), and indapamide (IND) alone and in binary mixtures (PER arginine is found in two dosage forms, i.e., with either AML or IND). Chromatographic separation was carried out on a BDS Hypersil® C18 column (100 × 3 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase, consisting of 0.05 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH 2.6)–methanol (50 + 50, v/v), was pumped through the column whose temperature was maintained at 50°C at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min using isocratic elution, and UV detection at 215 nm was performed. Acceptable values of linearity, accuracy, and precision of the method were found over the concentration ranges of 5–80 μg/mL PER, 2.5–80 μg/mL AML, and 0.5–20 μg/mL IND. The proposed chromatographic method was statistically compared to that of reference methods using one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the methods. The developed method proved reliable for use in accurate QC of the drugs in their pharmaceutical preparations.
Sanitary Status of the Grapevine Germplasm Collection in Republic of Srpska
Authors: Delić Duška , Lolić Biljana , Đurić Gordana , Jovanović-Cvetković Tatjana
Published: February 2017

In July 2015, 179 grapevine plants belonging to 16 grapevine autochthonous cultivars were assessed for sanitary status using DAS ELISA test for the presence of: Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1), Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 (GLRaV-2)and Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3). Furthermore, surveyfor the phytoplasma presence and laboratory analyses using nested-PCR/RFLP assay was conducted at the beginning of September 2015 on grapevine cultivars which were not positive in DAS ELISA test for the presence of the four viruses. Out of 179 tested plants with DAS ELISA test, 146 (81%) were positive for the presence of at least one virus. The most widespread viruses were GFLaV- 1 and GFLaV- 3 with approximately 80 % of grapevines infected. Nested–PCR/RFLP assay showed that out of 33 tested samples 2 were positive for the presence of phytoplasmas from 16SrXII group. Sanitation of infected grapevine cultivars is needed in near future.
Morphological Characteristics of Roses Cut Flower after Vase Life
Authors: Kraljičak Jasna , Parađiković Nada , Tkalec Monika
Published: February 2017

Investigation was conducted under controlled conditions in the laboratory for plant production at the Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek. The cut roses used in the study were „Red Naomi“. Three different mediums of 300 ml volume were used in the study: ordinary tap water, Chrysal clear, Crystal soil gel. After symptoms of decay such as weariness of neck and yellowing and drying of petals were observed, each rose was taken out of medium and the volume of the residual liquid was measured. Leaves, neck and head of decayed roses were separately weighed, placed in paper bags and dried at 70 ºC for 24h and 48h respectfully. The smallest loss of medium volume (5.45 %) was recorded in cut roses that were stored in the Crystal soil gel, while the greatest loss of medium volume (47.71 %) was recorded in cut roses stored in Chrysal clear.
The undatables: Quantifying uncertainty in a highly expanded Late Glacial‐Holocene sediment sequence recovered from the deepest Baltic Sea basin—IODP Site M0063
Authors: Obrochta S. P. , Andrén T. , Fazekas S. Z. , Lougheed B. C. , Snowball I. , Yokoyama Y. , Miyairi Y. , Kondo R. , Kotilainen A. T. , Hyttinen O. , Fehr A.
Published: February 2017

Laminated, organic‐rich silts and clays with high dissolved gas content characterize sediments at IODP Site M0063 in the Landsort Deep, which at 459 m is the deepest basin in the Baltic Sea. Cores recovered from Hole M0063A experienced significant expansion as gas was released during the recovery process, resulting in high sediment loss. Therefore, during operations at subsequent holes, penetration was reduced to 2 m per 3.3 m core, permitting expansion into 1.3 m of initially empty liner. Fully filled liners were recovered from Holes B through E, indicating that the length of recovered intervals exceeded the penetrated distance by a factor of >1.5. A typical down‐core logarithmic trend in gamma density profiles, with anomalously low‐density values within the upper ∼1 m of each core, suggests that expansion primarily occurred in this upper interval. Thus, we suggest that a simple linear correction is inappropriate. This interpretation is supported by anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility data that indicate vertical stretching in the upper ∼1.5 m of expanded cores. Based on the mean gamma density profiles of cores from Holes M0063C and D, we obtain an expansion function that is used to adjust the depth of each core to conform to its known penetration. The variance in these profiles allows for quantification of uncertainty in the adjusted depth scale. Using a number of bulk 14C dates, we explore how the presence of multiple carbon source pathways leads to poorly constrained radiocarbon reservoir age variability that significantly affects age and sedimentation rate calculations.
How well does wind speed predict air‐sea gas transfer in the sea ice zone? A synthesis of radon deficit profiles in the upper water column of the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Loose B. , Kelly R. P. , Bigdeli A. , Williams W. , Krishfield R. , Rutgers van der Loeff M. , Moran S. B.
Published: February 2017

We present 34 profiles of radon‐deficit from the ice‐ocean boundary layer of the Beaufort Sea. Including these 34, there are presently 58 published radon‐deficit estimates of air‐sea gas transfer velocity (k) in the Arctic Ocean; 52 of these estimates were derived from water covered by 10% sea ice or more. The average value of k collected since 2011 is 4.0 ± 1.2 m d−1. This exceeds the quadratic wind speed prediction of weighted kws = 2.85 m d−1 with mean‐weighted wind speed of 6.4 m s−1. We show how ice cover changes the mixed‐layer radon budget, and yields an “effective gas transfer velocity.” We use these 58 estimates to statistically evaluate the suitability of a wind speed parameterization for k, when the ocean surface is ice covered. Whereas the six profiles taken from the open ocean indicate a statistically good fit to wind speed parameterizations, the same parameterizations could not reproduce k from the sea ice zone. We conclude that techniques for estimating k in the open ocean cannot be similarly applied to determine k in the presence of sea ice. The magnitude of k through gaps in the ice may reach high values as ice cover increases, possibly as a result of focused turbulence dissipation at openings in the free surface. These 58 profiles are presently the most complete set of estimates of k across seasons and variable ice cover; as dissolved tracer budgets they reflect air‐sea gas exchange with no impact from air‐ice gas exchange.
Cell Membrane Camouflaged Hollow Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for Synergistic Photothermal‐/Chemotherapy of Cancer
Authors: Chen Wansong , Zeng Ke , Liu Hong , Ouyang Jiang , Wang Liqiang , Liu Ying , Wang Hao , Deng Liu , Liu You‐Nian
Published: February 2017

Nanodrug‐based cancer therapy has been actively developed in the past decades. The main challenges faced by nanodrugs include poor drug loading capacity, rapid clearance from blood circulation, and low antitumor efficiency with high risk of recurrence. In this work, red blood cell (RBC) membrane camouflaged hollow mesoporous Prussian blue nanoparticles (HMPB@RBC NPs) are fabricated for combination therapy of cancer. The stability, immune evading capacity, and blood retention time of HMPB@RBC NPs are significantly enhanced compared with those of bare HMPB NPs. Doxorubicin (DOX), as a model drug is encapsulated within HMPB@RBC NPs with loading capacity up to 130% in weight. In addition, DOX loaded HMPB@RBC NPs show pH‐/photoresponsive release. The in vivo studies demonstrate the outstanding performance of DOX@HMPB@RBC NPs in synergistic photothermal‐/chemotherapy of cancer.
Interfacial Stress in Physically Transient Layered Structures: An Experimental and Analytical Approach
Authors: Chen Yuanfen , Jamshidi Reihaneh , Hong Wangyujue , Montazami Reza
Published: February 2017

Transient materials are an emerging class of materials that are designed to undergo disintegration at a predefined rate and a predefined manner. Transient materials are utilized in structures and devices to enable device transiency, in particular, transient electronics. While interfacial stress in layered structures is well studied and—to a large extent—well understood, the same in transient layered structures remains a challenging matter to study and understand. This is solely because of the dynamic chemical and physical properties of the transient materials as well as swelling‐induced stress that is introduced to the interface due to the mismatch in physical properties of the dissimilar materials forming layers. In this work, interfacial interactions of a particular case of polymeric substrate with lithium titanate electrode coating layer are studied and reported. The structure is analogous to that of the anode in a type of lithium‐ion batteries; yet, it can be extended to more general cases of soft electronics. This coordinated experimental–analytical simulation study exhibits formation, accumulation, and propagation of swelling‐induced stress through the membrane‐coating interface, when in transient mode. Swelling‐induced stress as a function of electrode thickness is studied; the analytical data and simulations are verified by experimental results. The stress analysis method can be extended to analyze interfacial stress in a wide range of layered structures with dynamic properties.
Green Organocatalytic Synthesis of Indolines and Pyrrolidines from Alkenes
Authors: Theodorou Alexis , Kokotos Christoforos G.
Published: February 2017

Employing a green and efficient 2,2,2‐trifluoroacetophenone‐catalyzed oxidation of alkenes, which utilizes H2O2 as the green oxidant, a novel and sustainable synthesis of indolines and pyrrolidines was developed. This constitutes a cheap, general and environmentally‐friendly protocol for the synthesis of substituted nitrogen‐containing heterocycles. A variety of substitution patterns, both aromatic and aliphatic moieties, are well tolerated leading to the desired nitrogen heterocycles in good to excellent yields.

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One‐Pot Assembly of Highly Functionalized Cyclopenta[b]pyrroles via a Calcium(II)‐ and Copper(II)‐Catalyzed Reaction Sequence
Authors: Marin Lucile , Gandon Vincent , Schulz Emmanuelle , Lebœuf David
Published: February 2017

A user‐friendly, calcium(II)‐ and copper(II)‐catalyzed one‐pot reaction sequence to furnish cyclopenta[b]pyrroles with a high level of complexity is depicted. The reaction involves the following sequential transformations: (i) an aza‐Piancatelli cyclization, (ii) a hydroamination/isomerization process and (iii) a subsequent Friedel–Crafts‐type reaction to afford the desired compounds from readily available 2‐furylcarbinols, anilines and secondary alcohols with a minimum of precautions.

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Mass transfer performance and correlations for CO2 absorption into aqueous blended of DEEA/MEA in a random packed column
Authors: Gao Hongxia , Xu Bin , Han Liang , Luo Xiao , Liang Zhiwu
Published: February 2017

The mass transfer performance of CO2 absorption into blended N,N‐diethylethanolamine (DEEA)/ethanolamine (MEA) solutions was investigated using a lab‐scale absorber (H = 1.28 m, D = 28 mm) packed with Dixon ring random packing. The mass transfer coefficient KGav, the unit volume absorption rate Φ, outlet concentration of CO2 (yCO2), and the bottom temperature Tbot of CO2 in aqueous DEEA/MEA solutions were determined over the feed temperature range of 298.15–323.15 K, lean CO2 loading of 0.15–0.31 mol/mol, over a wide range of liquid flow rate of 3.90–9.75 m3/m2‐h, by using inert gas flow rate of 26.11–39.17 kmol/m2‐h and 6–18 kPa CO2 partial pressure. The results show that liquid feed temperature, lean CO2 loading, liquid flow rate, and CO2 partial pressure had significant effect on those parameters. However, the inert gas flow rate had little effect. To allow the mass transfer data to be really utilized, KGav and yout correlations for the prediction of mass transfer performance were proposed and discussed. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 3048–3057, 2017
Bioelectrical impedance vector reference values for assessing body composition in a Spanish child and adolescent population
Authors: Redondo‐del‐Río María Paz , Camina‐Martín María Alicia , Marugán‐de‐Miguelsanz Josí‐Manuel , de‐Mateo‐Silleras Beatriz
Published: February 2017

Objectives

Reference values of the bioelectrical impedance vector for the Spanish child and adolescent population are needed for assessing body composition and hydration status in this population. The aim of this study is to provide reference values of the bioelectrical impedance vector in Spanish children and adolescents aged 4‐18 years from Castilla y León.

Methods

This was a cross‐sectional descriptive study conducted in 4401 Spanish healthy children and adolescents aged 4‐18 years (2265 boys and 2136 girls). Resistance and reactance were measured with a single‐frequency impedance analyzer at 50 kHz (tetrapolar analysis). The values of resistance and reactance normalized by height were used to plot the bivariate 50th, 75th, and 95th percentiles of the population by age group. Mean impedance vectors were compared with Hotelling's T2 test for vector analysis (differences being considered significant if p < .05).

Results

Tolerance ellipses were drawn for the Spanish child and adolescent population studied. The mean impedance vector showed displacement across all age groups except for (1) girls aged 12–13 years, (2) girls aged 15–18 years, and (3) boys aged 16–18 years. There were sex‐related differences in the mean impedance vector in all age ranges, even in prepubertal children. Among adolescents, the patterns of the vector displacement were consistent with the timing of normal growth and development in all groups and are attributable to the maturation process.

Conclusions

New tolerance ellipses have been constructed for Spanish children and adolescents by sex and age. These ellipses reflect the timing of normal childhood growth and development.
Childhood cancer predisposition syndromes—A concise review and recommendations by the Cancer Predisposition Working Group of the Society for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology
Authors: Ripperger Tim , Bielack Stefan S. , Borkhardt Arndt , Brecht Ines B. , Burkhardt Birgit , Calaminus Gabriele , Debatin Klaus‐Michael , Deubzer Hedwig , Dirksen Uta , Eckert Cornelia , Eggert Angelika , Erlacher Miriam , Fleischhack Gudrun , Frühwald Michael C. , Gnekow Astrid , Goehring Gudrun , Graf Norbert , Hanenberg Helmut , Hauer Julia , Hero Barbara , Hettmer Simone , von Hoff Katja , Horstmann Martin , Hoyer Juliane , Illig Thomas , Kaatsch Peter , Kappler Roland , Kerl Kornelius , Klingebiel Thomas , Kontny Udo , Kordes Uwe , Körholz Dieter , Koscielniak Ewa , Kramm Christof M. , Kuhlen Michaela , Kulozik Andreas E. , Lamottke Britta , Leuschner Ivo , Lohmann Dietmar R. , Meinhardt Andrea , Metzler Markus , Meyer Lüder H. , Moser Olga , Nathrath Michaela , Niemeyer Charlotte M. , Nustede Rainer , Pajtler Kristian W. , Paret Claudia , Rasche Mareike , Reinhardt Dirk , Rieß Olaf , Russo Alexandra , Rutkowski Stefan , Schlegelberger Brigitte , Schneider Dominik , Schneppenheim Reinhard , Schrappe Martin , Schroeder Christopher , von Schweinitz Dietrich , Simon Thorsten , Sparber‐Sauer Monika , Spix Claudia , Stanulla Martin , Steinemann Doris , Strahm Brigitte , Temming Petra , Thomay Kathrin , von Bueren Andre O. , Vorwerk Peter , Witt Olaf , Wlodarski Marcin , Wössmann Willy , Zenker Martin , Zimmermann Stefanie , Pfister Stefan M. , Kratz Christian P.
Published: February 2017

Heritable predisposition is an important cause of cancer in children and adolescents. Although a large number of cancer predisposition genes and their associated syndromes and malignancies have already been described, it appears likely that there are more pediatric cancer patients in whom heritable cancer predisposition syndromes have yet to be recognized. In a consensus meeting in the beginning of 2016, we convened experts in Human Genetics and Pediatric Hematology/Oncology to review the available data, to categorize the large amount of information, and to develop recommendations regarding when a cancer predisposition syndrome should be suspected in a young oncology patient. This review summarizes the current knowledge of cancer predisposition syndromes in pediatric oncology and provides essential information on clinical situations in which a childhood cancer predisposition syndrome should be suspected.
Reactive compatibilization and performance evaluation of miscanthus biofiber reinforced poly(hydroxybutyrate‐co‐hydroxyvalerate) biocomposites
Authors: Muthuraj Rajendran , Misra Manjusri , Mohanty Amar Kumar
Published: February 2017

Dicumyl peroxide (DCP) initiated reactive compatibilization of poly(hydroxybutyrate‐co‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)/miscanthus fibers (70/30 wt %) based biocomposite was prepared in a twin screw extruder followed by injection molding. In the presence of DCP, both the flexural and the tensile strength of the PHBV/miscanthus composites were appreciably higher compared with PHBV/miscanthus composite without DCP as well as neat PHBV. The maximum tensile strength (29 MPa) and flexural strength (51 MPa) were observed in the PHBV/miscanthus composite with 0.7 phr DCP. The enhanced flexural and tensile strength of the PHBV/miscanthus/DCP composites are attributed to the improved interfacial adhesion by free radical initiator. Unlike flexural and tensile strength, the modulus of the PHBV/miscanthus/DCP composites was found to slightly lower than the PHBV/miscanthus composite. The modulus difference in the PHBV/miscanthus composite with and without DCP has good agreement with the observed crystallinity. However, the flexural and tensile modulus of all the prepared biocomposites was at least two fold higher than the neat PHBV. The storage modulus value of the PHBV/miscanthus and PHBV/miscanthus/DCP biocomposites follows similar trend like tensile and flexural modulus. The melting temperature and crystallization temperature of PHBV/DCP and PHBV/miscanthus/DCP samples were considerably lower compared with the neat PHBV and PHBV/miscanthus composites. The surface morphology revealed that the PHBV/miscanthus/DCP composites have good interface with less fiber pull‐outs compared with the corresponding counterpart without DCP. This suggests that the compatibility between the matrix and the fibers is enhanced after the addition of peroxide initiator. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44860.
Physicochemical changes in rice straw after composting and its effect on rice‐straw‐based composites
Authors: Qu Ping , Huang Hongying , Zhao Yongfu , Wu Guofeng
Published: February 2017

A composting method was applied to improve the processability of rice straw (RS) and its interfacial interaction with a biodegradable resin, hydrolyzed‐soy‐protein‐modified urea formaldehyde adhesives. The composted RS was characterized by fiber testing, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. We found that the particle size of RS was reduced from 0.6–2.0 to 0.2–0.6 mm. The cellulose content decreased, and the lignin content increased; unstable bonds were decomposed after composting. All of the results were beneficial for improving the plasticity of RS. Composted RS with inoculant exhibited a higher peak degradation temperature (352 °C) than the untreated RS (347 °C). The porous structure and tissue in RS were destroyed by the microorganism. The best bonding results were obtained by the composted RS with inoculant. Compared with untreated composites, the modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and tensile strength of the composites were improved by 14.94, 25.36, and 27.21%, respectively. In addition, a mechanism of the structural changes of RS during composting was also proposed. The full biodegradable composites have potential applications in agriculture toward the achievement of sustainable development. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44878.
Effects of image‐based and text‐based active learning exercises on student examination performance in a musculoskeletal anatomy course
Authors: Gross M. Melissa , Wright Mary C. , Anderson Olivia S.
Published: February 2017

Research on the benefits of visual learning has relied primarily on lecture‐based pedagogy, but the potential benefits of combining active learning strategies with visual and verbal materials on learning anatomy has not yet been explored. In this study, the differential effects of text‐based and image‐based active learning exercises on examination performance were investigated in a functional anatomy course. Each class session was punctuated with an average of 12 text‐based and image‐based active learning exercises. Participation data from 231 students were compared with their examination performance on 262 questions associated with the in‐class exercises. Students also rated the helpfulness and difficulty of the in‐class exercises on a survey. Participation in the active learning exercises was positively correlated with examination performance (r = 0.63, P < 0.001). When controlling for other key demographics (gender, underrepresented minority status) and prior grade point average, participation in the image‐based exercises was significantly correlated with performance on examination questions associated with image‐based exercises (P < 0.001) and text‐based exercises (P < 0.01), while participation in text‐based exercises was not. Additionally, students reported that the active learning exercises were helpful for seeing images of key ideas (94%) and clarifying key course concepts (80%), and that the image‐based exercises were significantly less demanding, less hard and required less effort than text‐based exercises (P < 0.05). The findings confirm the positive effect of using images and active learning strategies on student learning, and suggest that integrating them may be especially beneficial for learning anatomy. Anat Sci Educ 10: 444–455. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.
Hopscotch technique: A novel method for percutaneous closure of paravalvular leaks
Authors: Ruiz Carlos E. , Chi‐Hion Li , Vladimir Jelnin , Gila Perk , Dillon Weiss , Itzhak Kronzon , Chad Kliger
Published: February 2017

Objectives

To describe the feasibility and safety of the Hopscotch Technique, a novel method to close paravalvular leaks.

Background

Successful closure of paravalvular leaks requires the complete seal of irregular defects, frequently interrupted by remaining sutures or tissue that converts a large defect into a complex series of contiguous smaller defects. Successful treatment with devices placed in a single space is impossible with constrained appearance and significant residual leak; therefore, new techniques to deploy smaller devices in the correct location are needed.

Methods

We retrospective analyzed all the patients with mitral PVLs undergoing percutaneous closure with the Hopscotch technique from November 2011 to January 2016.

Results

Sixteen procedures were performed in 15 patients (median age 66‐year‐old, 67% male, STS 3.9%), most of them with biological prostheses (73%). Mean PVL size was 12.5 mm located in the lateral position. Percutaneous transapical access was the final approach in nine procedures and success of the procedure was achieved in 12. Usually, the technique was performed by 1 Hopscotch crossing/jump; however, complex procedures requiring 2 or 3 crossings were utilized in 4 patients, even possible between aortic and mitral leaks along the aortic‐mitral continuity. Residual mitral paravalvular regurgitation of ≤mild was achieved in 93% of procedures.

Conclusions

The Hopscotch technique is feasible and safety for patients with mitral paravalvular leak when boundaries prevent full device expansion. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Comparative Study on the Separation of Different‐Shape Particles Using a Mini‐Hydrocyclone
Authors: Niazi Saber , Habibian Mahmoud , Rahimi Masoud
Published: February 2017

The separation efficiency from water of different‐shape particles was studied experimentally using a mini‐hydrocyclone. Spherical and flaky (plate‐like) aluminum particles with the same particle size distributions were employed. Also, the effects of the feed flow rate and the temperature on the separation performance were studied. The results were investigated in terms of slurry recovery, total efficiency, and partition curves. The separation efficiency of the spherical particles increased with increasing particle size, temperature, and feed flow rate, as expected. The fishhook effect, as a noticeable phenomenon, was observed for the spherical particles. In case of the flaky particles, the separation showed an unusual behavior: The separation efficiency decreased with increasing particle size in the largest particle fraction, which has so far not been reported and addressed in this way.
FTIR chemometrical approach for clonal assessment: Selection of Olea europaea L. optimal phenotypes from cv. Cobrançosa
Authors: Machado Manuela , Machado Nelson , Gouvinhas Irene , Domínguez‐Perles Raúl , Barros Ana I.R.N.A.
Published: February 2017

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has been applied in tandem with multivariate statistical approaches, with the prospect of developing a methodology for the prediction of interesting traits in distinct clones of “Olea europaea L.” For this purpose, the infrared spectra of either the drupes or the corresponding olive oils of 6 distinct clones of the Cobrançosa cultivar, in 2 ripening stages (semi‐ripe and ripe), have been registered resorting to an attenuated total reflection accessory. These clones were previously evaluated with respect to antioxidant activity and olive oil yield, while multivariate analyses, namely, partial least squares regression and discriminant analysis have been applied to the spectral data collected to obtain a prediction model for the assessment of these traits in distinct clones through the infrared spectra.

This methodology leads to minimal erroneous classification rates in the validation procedure of 3.9% and 6.3% for olives and olive oils, respectively, using the first derivative of the spectra. Thus, the suitability of this methodology for the assessment of different clones has been shown with visible benefits for a time consuming and costly process such as clonal selection. Furthermore, this procedure might be extended for other cultivars or different species once proper calibration models are attained for each matrix.
State estimation and non‐linear model based control of a continuous stirred tank reactor using unscented Kalman filter
Authors: Panda Atanu , Jagadeesan Prakash
Published: February 2017

In this paper a non‐linear model based control (NMBC) scheme for the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) process is proposed. The proposed control law is a function of the model state(s) and the measured output variable(s). Performance comparison of the proposed NMBC scheme with that of non‐linear model predictive control scheme (NMPC) is reported. From the extensive simulation studies on the CSTR process, it can be inferred that servo and regulatory performances of the proposed NMBC scheme is found to closely match the NMPC scheme, with the proposed control scheme being computationally less intensive. In addition, a non‐linear model based control scheme using an unscented Kalman filter (UKF‐NMBC) and an inferential control scheme (INF‐UKF‐NMBC) for the CSTR process affected by random disturbances and random errors in measurements are formulated. Performance comparisons of the UKF‐NMBC with UKF based NMPC and INF‐AUKF‐NMBC with INF‐AUKF‐NMPC, highlighting offset free servo performance, rejection of unmeasured disturbance, and robustness to model‐plant mismatch are reported.