bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Macroeconomic Perspective on Urban Sprawl: A Multidimensional Approach in Poland
Authors: Lityński Piotr , Hołuj Artur
Published: January 2021

There are important relationships between the urban sprawl process and economic growth. They are usually expressed through spatial relations and changes taking place in the local, regional and national economy. The temporal and spatial dimension, including dispersed location, are the determinants of development and economic growth. Therefore, the urban sprawl phenomenon and the related location, hypothetically conditioning economic growth, should be subject to macroeconomic research. The article examines how urban sprawl affects the national budget and national economic growth. Unlike many studies where urban sprawl is studied by scattering the population around cities, we undertake more complex examination using buildings’ location. Urban sprawl, as we understand it, is a spontaneous spread of buildings around cities. To assess the spontaneity, we use a grid of squares with a side of 500 m. The squares are used to calculate the morphological indicators of urban sprawl. Therefore, quantified urban sprawl is one side of the equation; on the other side are macroeconomic variables. In this way, we examine the relationship between urban sprawl and the national budget and economic growth of Poland. The conclusions obtained are, e.g., urban sprawl does not have a negative effect on the national economy and the budget. This is a different conclusion from those thus far. There are also different conclusions on the regional level. Based on the research results, we formulate recommendations for national economic policy and spatial policy.
Regional Land Eco-Security Evaluation for the Mining City of Daye in China Using the GIS-Based Grey TOPSIS Method
Authors: Zhang Xinchang , Chen Min , Guo Kai , Liu Yang , Liu Yi , Cai Weinan , Wu Hua , Chen Zeyi , Chen Yiyun , Zhang Jianguo
Published: January 2021

Regional ecological security assessment is a significant methodology for environmental protection, land utilisation, and human development. This study aims to reveal the regional constraints of ecological resources to overcome the difficulties and complexities in quantification of current models used in land ecosystems. For this purpose, the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) was linked to a grey relational analysis and integrated with a geographic information system. The obtained method was used to construct a land eco-security evaluation on a regional scale for application in a traditional mining city, Daye, in central China. Parameter analysis was introduced to the method to produce a more realistic spatial distribution of eco-security. Subsequently, based on the pressure–state–response framework, the eco-security index was calculated, and the carrying capacity of land resources and population for each sub-region were analysed. The results showed that: (i) very insecure and insecure classes comprised 5.65% and 18.2% of the total area, respectively, highlighting the vulnerable eco-environmental situation; (ii) moderate secure classes areas comprised a large amount of arable land, spanning an area of 494.5 km2; (iii) secure areas were distributed in the northwest, containing mostly water and wetland areas and accounting for 426.3 km2; and (iv) very secure areas were located on the southeastern region, involving traditional woodland with a better vegetation cover and an overall higher eco-environmental quality. In addition, for each sub-region, the extremely low and low ecological security areas were mainly arable and urban lands, which amounted to 305 and 190 km2, respectively. Under the current ecological constraints, sub-region 1 cannot continue supporting the population size in Daye City. The present results demonstrate the accuracy of our methodology, and our method may be used by local managers to make effective decisions for regional environment protection and sustainable use of land resources.
Total Domination on Some Graph Operators
Authors: Sigarreta José M.
Published: January 2021

Let G=(V,E) be a graph; a set D⊆V is a total dominating set if every vertex v∈V has, at least, one neighbor in D. The total domination number γt(G) is the minimum cardinality among all total dominating sets. Given an arbitrary graph G, we consider some operators on this graph; S(G),R(G), and Q(G), and we give bounds or the exact value of the total domination number of these new graphs using some parameters in the original graph G.
Robust Model Predictive Control with Almost Zero Online Computation
Authors: Yan Yan , Zhang Longge
Published: January 2021

This paper provides a strategy for the problem of robust model predictive control of constrained, discrete-time systems with state and output disturbances. Using the linear matrix inequality (LMI) method, the nested geometric proportion asymptotically stable ellipsoid (GPASE) strategy is designed off-line, and then the designed shrinking ellipsoids strategy assures the system converges on the equivalent with an exponential convergence velocity. The biggest advantage of this method is the online computation is almost reduced to zero, which makes it possible to apply the designed control scheme not only to plants with slowly varying parameters, but also to fast ones. Finally, a simulation example shows the validity of the proposed technique.
Evolution of Defects in CVD-W Irradiated by H/He Neutral Beam Using Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy
Authors: Tian Xuefen , Liu Xiang , Gong Min , He Weidi , Fu Xinge , Deng Aihong
Published: January 2021

One of the key problems for the application of nuclear fusion energy is to select the suitable plasma facing materials (PFMs). Among the W-based materials, CVD-W exhibits some unique advantages. In order to estimate the performance of CVD-W under the fusion environment, the vacancy-type defects and their evolution are investigated by the Doppler-broadening slow positron beam analysis (DB-SPBA) combined with SEM (scanning electron microscope). There are two kinds of neutral beam irradiation, the pure H neutral beam and the H + 6 at.% He neutral beam irradiation, which are performed at the neutral beam facility GLADIS (IPP, Germany). The surface temperatures of CVD-W irradiated by H (H + 6 at.% He) are 850 and 1000 (700 and 800 °C). By comparing the samples under different conditions, the defect evolution of CVD-W is obtained. As for the pure H neutral beam irradiated samples, the DB-SPBA results demonstrate that the CVD-W sample at the surface temperature of 1000 °C, compared to the 850 °C sample, shows a decrease in S parameters, which is due to the reduction of vacancy-type defect concentration. The defect damage layer in 1000 °C sample is narrower than that of 850 °C sample and the defect type tends to be consistent in 1000 °C sample. The SEM results suggest that the surface damage of the 1000 °C sample was recovered to some extent. As for the H + 6 at.% He neutral beam irradiated samples, compared with the CVD-W sample at the surface temperature of 700 °C, the 800 °C sample shows an increased S parameters, which can be attributed to the volume increase of vacancy-type defect. The defect damage layer in the 800 °C sample is wider than that of the 700 °C sample. Both the H + 6 at.% He irradiated samples show complex defect types. The surface of the 800 °C sample exhibits more dense pinhole damage structures compared to that of the 700 °C sample.
Evolution of Microstructure during Isothermal Treatments of a Duplex-Austenitic 0.66C11.4Mn.9.9Al Low-Density Forging Steel and Effect on the Mechanical Properties
Authors: Kaltzakorta Idurre , Gutierrez Teresa , Elvira Roberto , Jimbert Pello , Guraya Teresa
Published: January 2021

In the last decades, low-density steels for forging have increasing interest in the automotive industry, and good mechanical properties are required for their real application. This paper describes the results obtained for a 0.66C11.4Mn9.9Al duplex austenitic low-density steel after applying a set of isothermal treatments at different combinations of time and temperature, aimed to promote kappa carbide precipitation, and improve the mechanical properties obtained with a water quenching treatment. The effects of the different isothermal treatments on the microstructure and on the mechanical properties have been analyzed and compared to those obtained from a quenching heat treatment. We found that isothermal treatments in the range temperature between 550–750 °C promoted the profuse precipitation of coarse kappa carbides at grain boundaries, which dramatically reduced the ductility of the alloy, whereas a traditional quenching treatment resulted in a better combination of ductility and mechanical strength.
Digitized Stress Function-Based Feed Rate Scheduling for Prevention of Mesoscale Tool Breakage during Milling Hardened Steel
Authors: Gao Yifan , Ko Jeong Hoon , Lee Heow Pueh
Published: January 2021

In this article, a digitized stress function-based feed rate scheduling algorithm is formulated for the prevention of tool breakage while having an optimum material removal rate in mesoscale rough milling of hardened steel. Instead of setting limits to the cutting forces and material removal rates, the presented method regulates the tool’s stresses. A 3D coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian finite element method (FEM) model is used to simulate a 3D chip flow-based stress according to the mesoscale tool’s rotation during cutting of hardened steel. Maximum uncut chip thickness and tool engaging angle of the uncut chip is identified as the fundamental driving factors of tool breakage in down milling configuration. Furthermore, a multiple linear regression model is formed to digitize the stress with two major factors for digitized feed scheduling. The optimum feed rates for each segment along the tool path can be obtained through finite element models and a multiple linear regression model. The feed rate scheduling method is validated through cutting experiments with tool paths of linear and arc segments. In a series of experimental validations, the algorithm demonstrated the capability of reducing the machining time while eliminating cutting tool breakages.
Increasing Solvent Tolerance to Improve Microbial Production of Alcohols, Terpenoids and Aromatics
Authors: Schalck Thomas , Bergh Bram Van den , Michiels Jan
Published: January 2021

Fuels and polymer precursors are widely used in daily life and in many industrial processes. Although these compounds are mainly derived from petrol, bacteria and yeast can produce them in an environment-friendly way. However, these molecules exhibit toxic solvent properties and reduce cell viability of the microbial producer which inevitably impedes high product titers. Hence, studying how product accumulation affects microbes and understanding how microbial adaptive responses counteract these harmful defects helps to maximize yields. Here, we specifically focus on the mode of toxicity of industry-relevant alcohols, terpenoids and aromatics and the associated stress-response mechanisms, encountered in several relevant bacterial and yeast producers. In practice, integrating heterologous defense mechanisms, overexpressing native stress responses or triggering multiple protection pathways by modifying the transcription machinery or small RNAs (sRNAs) are suitable strategies to improve solvent tolerance. Therefore, tolerance engineering, in combination with metabolic pathway optimization, shows high potential in developing superior microbial producers.
Amplifying and Fine-Tuning Rsm sRNAs Expression and Stability to Optimize the Survival of Pseudomonas brassicacerum in Nutrient-Poor Environments
Authors: Lalaouna David , Fochesato Sylvain , Harir Mourad , Ortet Philippe , Schmitt-Kopplin Philippe , Heulin Thierry , Achouak Wafa
Published: January 2021

In the beneficial plant root-associated Pseudomonas brassicacearum strain NFM421, the GacS/GacA two-component system positively controls biofilm formation and the production of secondary metabolites through the synthesis of rsmX, rsmY and rsmZ. Here, we evidenced the genetic amplification of Rsm sRNAs by the discovery of a novel 110-nt long sRNA encoding gene, rsmX-2, generated by the duplication of rsmX-1 (formerly rsmX). Like the others rsm genes, its overexpression overrides the gacA mutation. We explored the expression and the stability of rsmX-1, rsmX-2, rsmY and rsmZ encoding genes under rich or nutrient-poor conditions, and showed that their amount is fine-tuned at the transcriptional and more interestingly at the post-transcriptional level. Unlike rsmY and rsmZ, we noticed that the expression of rsmX-1 and rsmX-2 genes was exclusively GacA-dependent. The highest expression level and longest half-life for each sRNA were correlated with the highest ppGpp and cyclic-di-GMP levels and were recorded under nutrient-poor conditions. Together, these data support the view that the Rsm system in P. brassicacearum is likely linked to the stringent response, and seems to be required for bacterial adaptation to nutritional stress.
Comparison of Metal Nanoparticles (Au, Ag, Eu, Cd) Used for Immunoanalysis Using LA-ICP-MS Detection
Authors: Vlcnovska Marcela , Stossova Aneta , Kuchynka Michaela , Dillingerova Veronika , Polanska Hana , Masarik Michal , Hrstka Roman , Adam Vojtech , Kanicky Viktor , Vaculovic Tomas , Vaculovicova Marketa
Published: January 2021

Immunochemical methods are used not only in clinical practice for the diagnosis of a wide range of diseases but also in basic and advanced research. Based on the unique reaction between the antibody and its respective antigens, it serves to specifically recognize target molecules in biological complex samples. Current methods of labelling antibodies with elemental labels followed by detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) allow detection of multiple antigens in parallel in a single analysis. Using the laser ablation (LA) modality (LA-ICP-MS), it is also possible to monitor the spatial distribution of biogenic elements. Moreover, the employment of metal nanoparticle-labeled antibodies expands the applicability also to molecular imaging by LA-ICP-MS. In this work, conjugates of model monoclonal antibody (DO-1, recognizing p53 protein) with various metal nanoparticles-based labels were created and utilized in dot-blot analysis in order to compare their benefits and disadvantages. Based on experiments with the p53 protein standard, commercial kits of gold nanoparticles proved to be the most suitable for the preparation of conjugates. The LA-ICP-MS demonstrated very good repeatability, wide linear dynamic range (0.1–14 ng), and limit of detection was calculated as a 1.3 pg of p53 protein.
Variability of Seed Germination and Dormancy Characteristics and Genetic Analysis of Latvian Avena fatua Populations
Authors: Ņečajeva Jevgenija , Bleidere Māra , Jansone Zaiga , Gailīte Agnese , Ruņģis Dainis
Published: January 2021

Avena fatua is an economically detrimental weed found in cereal growing areas worldwide. Knowledge about the variation of dormancy and germination characteristics, as well as of the genetic diversity and structure can provide additional information about different populations within a region. Identification and development of potential indicators or markers of seed germination behavior, would be useful for modelling emergence and seed bank dynamics. This study aimed to describe the initial germination, dormancy, and morphological characteristics of seeds from different Latvian populations of A. fatua and to investigate the genetic structure of local populations. Seed samples from 26 to 41 locations in different regions of Latvia were collected over three years. Seed morphology, initial germination, and the effect of dormancy-breaking treatments were determined. Seeds from 18 Latvian populations with contrasting seed dormancy characteristics were genotyped. Although morphological differences between seeds from different regions were revealed, genetic analysis of the selected populations indicated that the population structure was not related to geographical location, which probably reflects the impact of anthropogenic dispersal of A. fatua seeds. The effect of dormancy-breaking treatments varied between years, between climatic zones and between populations, indicating environmental influences as well as inherited dormancy.
Enhanced Degradation of Sulfonamide Antibiotics by UV Irradiation Combined with Persulfate
Authors: Liu Zhentao , Hu Wanpeng , Zhang Haiping , Wang Hui , Sun Ping
Published: January 2021

In this study, the degradation of sulfonamide antibiotics was investigated through persulfate-enhanced UV advanced oxidation process. Factors that may affect the degradation efficiency were analyzed. Results showed that the persulfate imposed a significant enhancement on the UV oxidation process during the sulfathiazole degradation. The combined process of UV/persulfate can effectively remove about 96% of sulfathiazole within 60 min. With the increase in the dosage of persulfate, the removal efficiency increased as well. Different water matrix almost had no effect on the removal efficiency. Two intermediates were found during the sulfathiazole degradation. It can be predicted that the combined process of UV/persulfate has a broad application prospect for removing sulfonamide antibiotics in water treatment.
Monocular Visual Inertial Direct SLAM with Robust Scale Estimation for Ground Robots/Vehicles
Authors: Sahoo Bismaya , Biglarbegian Mohammad , Melek William
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we present a novel method for visual-inertial odometry for land vehicles. Our technique is robust to unintended, but unavoidable bumps, encountered when an off-road land vehicle traverses over potholes, speed-bumps or general change in terrain. In contrast to tightly-coupled methods for visual-inertial odometry, we split the joint visual and inertial residuals into two separate steps and perform the inertial optimization after the direct-visual alignment step. We utilize all visual and geometric information encoded in a keyframe by including the inverse-depth variances in our optimization objective, making our method a direct approach. The primary contribution of our work is the use of epipolar constraints, computed from a direct-image alignment, to correct pose prediction obtained by integrating IMU measurements, while simultaneously building a semi-dense map of the environment in real-time. Through experiments, both indoor and outdoor, we show that our method is robust to sudden spikes in inertial measurements while achieving better accuracy than the state-of-the art direct, tightly-coupled visual-inertial fusion method.
Building System Capacity with a Modeling-Based Inquiry Program for Elementary Students: A Case Study
Authors: Cottone Amanda M. , Yoon Susan A. , Coulter Bob , Shim Jooeun , Carman Stacey
Published: January 2021

Science education in the United States should shift to incorporate innovative technologies and curricula that prepare students in the competencies needed for success in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) careers. Here we employ a qualitative case study analysis to investigate the system variables that supported or impeded one such reform effort aimed at improving elementary students’ science learning. We found that, while some program design features contributed to the success of the program (i.e., a strong multi-institutional partnership and a focus on teacher training and instructional supports), other features posed barriers to the long-term system-level change needed for reform (i.e., low levels of social capital activation, low prioritization of science learning, and frequent turnover of key personnel). In light of these findings, we discuss broader implications for building the capacity to overcome system barriers. In this way, an in-depth examination of the context-specific barriers to reform in this educational system can inform efforts for future reform and innovation design.
DYNAMICS OF NUMBER AND PRODUCTIVITY OF DAIRY AND MEAT-DAIRY COWS IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: МАТВЕЕВА Е.А. , ТЯПУГИН Е.Е. , БОГОЛЮБОВА Л.П. , НИКИТИНА С.В. , СЕМЕНОВА Н.В. , ТЯПУГИН С.Е. , КОЧЕТКОВ А.А.
Published: January 2021

Представлен анализ изменения численности пробонитированного поголовья молочного и молочно-мясного скота и уровня его продуктивности в разрезе пород в РФ за 1999—2019 гг. Изучены данные ежегодной зоотехнической отчетности подконтрольных стад. В настоящее время все подконтрольное поголовье сосредоточенно в 2564 стадах, в том числе 1074 племенных. Доминирующее положение по численности животных сохраняется за популяцией скота черно-пестрой породы (49%). Отмечается стабильный рост поголовья голштинской породы. Заметно снижается численность комбинированных пород. Маточное поголовье симментальской породы сократилось более чем в 7 раз, холмогорской — в 3,5, красной степной — в 4,8, ярославской — в 2,8, бестужевской — в 14,1, сычевской — в 7,5 и костромской породы — в 4,5 раза. Молочная продуктивность по всем породам за 20 лет в среднем увеличилась на 4487 кг, или в 2,6 раза при незначительном изменении массовой доли жира и белка в молоке.

Analysis of changing the number of valuated dairy and meat-dairy live stock and its productivity in Russia for the period of 1999—2019 is presented. The data of annual zootechnic reports of controlled herds is studied. At present all the controlled population is in 2564 herds including 1074 pedigree ones. Number supremacy of animals is for the black-and-white breed (49%). Consistent growth of the Holstein breed is on the rise. The number of combined breeds is decreasing. Nuclear herd of Simmental breed has been decreased about  more than 7 times, Kholmogorskaya — about 3,5, Red Steppe — about 4,8, Yaroslavskaya — about 2,8, Bestuzhevskaya — about 14,1, Suchevskaya — about 7,5, Kostromskaya  — about 4,5. Milk production of all the breeds for the last 20 years has been increased by  4487 kg or by 2,6 times while insignificant changes in weight content of fat and protein in milk are observed.
Quais variáveis ambientais melhor explicam a diferenciação estrutural e florística de cerrado stricto sensu e floresta estacional semidecidual?
Authors: Mariano Gabriel Venâncio Pereira , Rios Jovan Martins , Rocha Gabriela Teodoro , Silva Vanuza Garcia , Santos Lilian Cristina Silva , Oliveira Junior Valdivino Domingos , Vale Vagner Santiago
Published: January 2021

As formações de cerrado e florestais são determinadas por uma gama de variáveis abióticas, sendo importante a realização de estudos capazes de delimitar quais fatores condicionam essas formações. O objetivo deste trabalho foi definir fatores abióticos que melhor explicaram a diferenciação estrutural e florística entre as fitofisionomias de cerrado stricto sensu e floresta estacional semidecidual. Foram utilizados dados de densidade por hectare para espécies amostradas em 33 áreas localizadas no domínio do Cerrado e utilizados técnicas multivariadas para verificar padrões para estas duas fitofisionomias. As variáveis ambientais determinantes para a diferenciação das comunidades foram latitude, altitude, temperatura média anual e a distância do oceano. Foi possível delimitar três grupos em relação à composição de espécies, florestas estacionais de interior, florestas estacionais costeiras e cerrados. Em termos florísticos, as florestas localizadas no interior do país têm maior similaridade entre si em relação à similaridade entre as florestas mais próximas à costa. O mesmo ocorre para os cerrados, possuidores de alta similaridade entre as comunidades estudadas. As florestas mais costeiras apresentam forte variação florística e mesmo comunidades próximas podem ser muito divergentes em termos florísticos, logo a riqueza estimada dessas áreas é maior em relação a quaisquer comunidades de interior analisadas. Para as comunidades localizadas no interior do país, cerrados e florestas semideciduais, a distância entre as áreas parece ter um papel mais determinante sobre a composição florística.
Morfometria de Plantios de Dipteryx odorata Aubl Willd (Cumaru) no Oeste do Pará
Authors: Godinho da Silva Jéssica Aline , Pauletto Daniela , Silva Adria Fernandes da , Carvalho Cezarina do Socorro de Souza , Nascimento Hailla Gisely Gomes do
Published: January 2021

A espécie Dipteryx odorata Aubl Willd (Cumaru) pertencente à família das leguminosas, tem se destacado entre as espécies florestais utilizadas em plantios silviculturais, fato justificado pelo seu potencial de produtos madeireiros e não madeireiros. Por essa razão o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as características morfométricas da espécie em diferentes arranjos florestais no oeste do Pará. Foram amostrados 5 sistemas localizados nos municípios de Alenquer, Belterra e Mojuí dos Campos, onde foram coletadas variáveis de 25 indivíduos, obtendo-se altura total, altura comercial, inserção de copa, diâmetro à altura do peito e diâmetro de copa. O sistema 3 (Cumaru e laranja) apresentou as maiores médias de Diâmetro a altura do Peito (14,1 cm ± 2,60 cm), Altura Total (9,88 m ± 1,69 m), Diâmetro de Copa (7,25 m ± 0,76 m), Comprimento de Copa (7,83 m ± 1,20), Área de copa (41,72 m2 ± 8,69) e Proporção de Copa de 75%. O Índice de Saliência mostrou que a espécie apresenta baixa taxa de crescimento, o Grau de Esbeltez indicou plantios instáveis, necessitando da adoção de desbastes. O sistema 2 (Cumaru, graviola, pimenta-do-reino, açaí e cupuaçu) apresentou os melhores valores de IMAh (1,94 m3), IMAd (1,64 cm), Inserção de copa (3,46 m ± 0,74 m), altura comercial (9,88 m ± 1,11 m), Formal de Copa (0,78) e Índice de Saliência (39,4). Os sistemas 2 e 3, foram considerados os mais produtivos pelas variáveis morfométricas, indicando que podem servir de modelos de arranjo para o plantio dessa espécie na região.
Variação em propriedades da madeira de Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis e Pinus tecunumanii
Authors: LIMA ISRAEL LUIZ DE , De OLIVEIRA Ivanka Rosada , BARBOSA Juraci de Andrade , Ranzini Maurício
Published: January 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar as propriedades da madeira de Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis e Pinus tecunumanii, em indivíduos de 50 anos de idade, na região de Itirapina, SP. Para isso, foram abatidas cinco árvores de cada espécie, e destas retirados um disco de 7 cm de espessura do diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP). De cada disco foram coletadas amostras em cinco posições diferentes, no sentindo medula-casca, para avaliar as seguintes propriedades: densidade básica, comprimento de traqueíde, espessura da parede de traqueíde, resistência ao cisalhamento e a retração volumétrica. Foi verificado que o Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis e o Pinus tecunumanii não diferem significativamente para as propriedades avaliadas. Entretanto, variaram significativamente, no sentido da medula-casca, para todas as propriedades. A densidade básica, comprimento de traqueíde e a retração volumétrica apresentaram uma tendência crescente no sentido da medula à casca. Para Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis ocorreram correlações positiva entre posição radial com: densidade básica, comprimento e espessura da parede de traqueídes. Com o Pinus tecunumanii ocorreram correlações entre posição radial com: densidade básica, espessura da parede de traqueídes e retração volumétrica.
Uso de serragem de diferentes espécies florestais no processo de compactação
Authors: Schneid Eduardo
Published: January 2021

A serragem, resíduo advindo do desdobro de toras, torna-se uma alternativa viável para a geração de energia renovável. O objetivo da pesquisa é mensurar as propriedades tecnológicas da serragem compactada, avaliando o efeito da mistura de serragens oriunda de diferentes espécies na qualidade final do produto compactado para uso como combustível. Para isso, foi utilizado serragem de quatro espécies florestais para confecção de 30 corpos de prova compactados para cada tratamento. Os tratamentos T1, T2, T3 e T4 são compostos por serragem de cada espécie e o T5 é composto a partir da mistura das serragens. Foram realizados testes para mensurar as propriedades físicas, mecânicas, químicas e energéticas. Os dados foram submetidos a ANOVA e à análise de correlação de Pearson entre algumas propriedades. Para as propriedades físicas, os valores médios de Da (densidade aparente) dos corpos de prova compactados para cada tratamento apresentaram diferenças estatísticas significativas, exceto entre os tratamentos T1 e T5, sendo que o tratamento T5 apresentou maior valor. Nas propriedades mecânicas, todos os tratamentos podem ser classificados como muito pouco friável. Quanto as propriedades energéticas, a média da DE (densidade energética) entre os tratamentos foi de 3,90 Gcal.m-3. As correlações estatisticamente significativas foram entre Dg (densidade a granel) e PCS (poder calorifico superior) e entre RTCD (resistência a tração) e dureza Rockwell. A partir dos resultados, conclui-se que a mistura da serragem de diferentes espécies (T5) apresentou qualidade final satisfatória, sendo viável a utilização da mistura para produção de combustível sólido compactado.
Evaluation of Eucalyptus microcorys wood properties
Authors: Nogueira Marta Cristina de Jesus Albuquerque , Vasconcelos Juliano Souza , De Araujo Victor Almeida , Christoforo André Luis , Lahr Francisco Antonio Rocco
Published: January 2021

Eucalypt varieties have been identified as multipurpose materials. With origins in those nations of Oceania, this genus has been applied for purposes such as pulp and paper, bioenergy, civil construction, and furniture. Very suitable as firewood and charcoal, Eucalyptus microcorys would have good potentialities as structural solutions for construction. But, this wood species is not easily found as building parts in the Brazilian market. This paper aimed to develop a broad evaluation of this species to highlight their features for the utilization as structural lumber. Based on the Brazilian standard document on wooden structures, sixteen properties were evaluated to emphasize such potentialities. Using two moisture contents, these conditions were adopted to identify each wood property at green and dried points. About 966 repeats were realized in these tests. Nine properties showed influences with the moisture reduction as well as perceptible increases in their resistances: static bending, parallel and perpendicular compressions, and parallel tensile in the modulus of rupture; perpendicular compression and parallel tensile in the modulus of elasticity; and, shear stress and hardness properties in parallel and perpendicular directions. Eucalyptus microcorys wood reached good resistance properties, justifying its potentiality for construction in structural uses.
Naturaleza procesal y alcances del procedimiento arbitral nacional o doméstico
Authors: Gutiérrez Sánchez Primitivo
Published: January 2021

La sinopsis histórica del país, con relación a la institución del arbitraje, invita a un sin número de inferencias, como ser: la evidencia de regulación inherente al arbitraje casi simultánea a la fundación, la incorporación del proceso arbitral al sistema jurisdiccional durante 165 años (1832-1997) y su escasa aplicación en las relaciones civiles y comerciales durante este tiempo. En la década de los 90s, bajo la égida de la Ley Modelo de Arbitraje Comercial CNUDMI-1985, se promulga la Ley N° 1770 de Arbitraje y Conciliación-1997, que implica la separación del procedimiento civil. La actual Ley N° 708 de Conciliación y Arbitraje-2015 abroga la anterior y adecua la misma a la Constitución Política del Estado (CPE)-2009. No obstante, el procedimiento y la práctica arbitral nacional no concuerdan ni se ajustan a la naturaleza jurídica del arbitraje, ni a los principios inmanentes de esencia arbitral y, menos, a la doctrina que la sustenta. Palabras clave: Procedimiento arbitral / principios esenciales del arbitraje/ Medios Alternativos de Solución de Conflictos (MASC).
Arbitraje de los contratos administrativos: Un enfoque desde el Derecho Público
Authors: Andaluz Vegacenteno Horacio
Published: January 2021

De acuerdo con la Ley de Arbitraje de Bolivia, los contratos administrativos no pueden ser objeto de arbitraje. Este artículo demuestra que dicha prohibición no tiene fundamento en una supuesta naturaleza sustantiva de dichos contratos.
Sobre as preposições de trajetória do português brasileiro: tipologia e valor aspectual
Authors: Ferreira Thayse Letícia , Basso Renato Miguel
Published: January 2021

Neste trabalho, investigamos no quadro da semântica formal as preposições de trajetória do português brasileiro (PB) representadas por ‘de’, ‘por’, ‘até’ e ‘para’. Utilizando a tipologia para essa classe desenvolvida por Zwarts (2005, 2008), buscaremos uma classificação e uma interpretação semântica para esses itens. Além disso, sabendo que certos PPs direcionais podem alterar propriedades dos eventos denotados pelo VP, objetivamos compreender o comportamento dessa classe frente às propriedades acionais dos eventos. Assim, discutindo a relação entre os domínios verbal e preposicional, demonstraremos que preposições e PPs não-cumulativos e direcionados para o ALVO da trajetória, desde que incluam esse ponto em sua denotação, podem alterar a telicidade do evento. Dentre as classes discutidas, apenas as preposições de FONTE não permitem uma leitura télica para um VP de movimento porque tratam da posição mínima de uma trajetória espacial.
Resenha: SILVA, Giovani José da & COSTA, Anna Maria Ribeiro F. M. da. Histórias e culturas indígenas na educação básica. Belo Horizonte, Autêntica, 2018.
Authors: Silva Maurício
Published: January 2021

Resenha do livro:SILVA, Giovani José da COSTA, Anna Maria Ribeiro F. M. da. Histórias e culturas indígenas na educação básica. Belo Horizonte, Autêntica, 2018.
Puta: a sintaxe e a semântica de um controverso intensificador
Authors: Basso Renato Miguel , Mendes de Souza Luisandro
Published: January 2021

O artigo discute aspectos sintáticos e semânticos da expressão intensificadora puta, a partir de uma abordagem formal do significado. Embora apareça precedendo um nome dentro do sintagma nominal, argumentamos que semanticamente o termo modifica a combinação do nome com um adjetivo, seja ele explícito ou não. Se o adjetivo estiver implícito, ele sempre faz avaliação positiva; ao passo que se estiver explícito, a avaliação positiva ou negativa depende da conotação do adjetivo adjunto do nome. Mostramos também que isso desencadeia uma ambiguidade estrutural, vista em sintagmas como uma puta festa legal, que pode designar “uma festa muito boa e legal” ou “uma festa muito legal”. Argumentamos também que puta contribui para as condições de verdade, sendo similar ao significado de muito, isto é, alça o padrão contextual da escala dada pelo adjetivo; enquanto no plano expressivo designa envolvimento subjetivo do falante, sendo, portanto, um item veri- e uso-condicional, um item misto.
A expressividade no português brasileiro sob um olhar experimental
Authors: Sudré Tatiane Gonçalves
Published: January 2021

Este artigo visa identificar a classe de adjetivos do português brasileiro (PB) que pode ser licenciada em contextos que denotam certo grau de expressividade, com base em uma investigação experimental.  Mostraremos os resultados de dois experimentos linguísticos, realizados com falantes nativos do português. Estes experimentos foram realizados a partir de um estudo experimental realizado para o inglês (BRASOVEANU; RETT, 2017), o qual tinha por objetivo investigar a natureza da expressividade nesta língua, a partir de construções adjetivais e diferentes tipos de adjetivos. Veremos que não é qualquer adjetivo do PB que pode ser licenciado em contextos em que a expressividade é revelada e, como no inglês, ser um adjetivo de grau (KENNEDY; McNALLY, 2005) é condição essencial para a classe dos adjetivos nesses contextos.  E dentre os adjetivos de grau, os de grau relativo são os que mais se destacaram no licenciamento da expressividade. Este trabalho enquadra-se na teoria da Semântica Formal, tendo a Semântica de Graus como aporte teórico central.
Provocações morfológicas à gramática cognitiva
Authors: Lemos de Souza Janderson
Published: January 2021

Este artigo discute motivações semânticas sobre a morfologia nos termos da gramática cognitiva, modelo da linguística cognitiva. Para tanto, recupera as distinções entre coisa e relação, tipo e instância, autonomia e dependência, analisabilidade e composicionalidade, tendo em vista demonstrar que a morfologia tem lugar desde o início do modelo e defender a articulação entre a formação de significados e a formação de palavras com base na polissemia. O enfoque no uso criativo das construções (produtividade) implica deslocar a prioridade de um processo cognitivo de domínio geral, a esquematização, para um processo cognitivo de domínio específico, a instanciação. A principal conclusão é que a noção de interface morfologia-semântica é menos adequada ao modelo que a concepção da morfologia como uma das manifestações da semântica.
Educação decolonial: opa!!! Não, essa escola tem que começar a ser diferente
Authors: Torquato Cloris Porto , Kondo Rosana Hass
Published: January 2021

Este artigo visa discutir os processos de resistência e reexistência empregados por professores indígenas, não indígenas e membros de uma comunidade Guarani, situada no Norte do Paraná, tendo como propósito a construção de um currículo intercultural, no qual os conhecimentos, a cultura, o modo de ser, ensinar, aprender e viver indígena sejam respeitados e valorizados assim como outras ciências e culturas. Metodologicamente, este se estudo se caracteriza como qualitativa/interpretativista etnográfica (LUDKE; ANDRÉ, 1986; ANDRÉ, 1995), especificamente uma etnografia da linguagem (GARCEZ; SCHULTZ, 2015), pois, além de procurarmos entender como se articulam as vozes na construção desse currículo indígena, também participamos das discussões e reflexões nesse processo. Para a geração de dados, utilizamos a observação participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas, rodas de conversa e diário de campo. A análise foi realizada a luz das teorias do pensamento decolonial (MIGNOLO, 2003, 2010; QUIJANO, 2005), pedagogias decoloniais (WALSH, 2013, 2017) as epistemologias do sul (MENESES; SANTOS, 2010). A análise dos dados nos leva a concluir que: : a) os Guarani do Pinhalzinho estão conscientes do papel e do poder que a educação exerce dentro e fora da comunidade, por isso defendem um ensino que, além de formar os alunos academicamente, também se preocupe com a formação política; b) a organização política da comunidade e as práticas de engajamento e de resistência têm feito diferença na educação escolar indígena dessa comunidade; c) os resultados apontam para a ausência de diálogos por parte do sistema educacional no processo de construção de políticas educacionais relacionadas à educação escolar indígena, assim como se identifica d) o distanciamento em relação ao que a Constituição Federal (1988) e a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases (1996) determinam sobre a autonomia no gerenciamento de recursos e a construção de currículos próprios e a prática administrativa da SEED. Assim, assinalamos a perpetuação de práticas colonialistas por parte do sistema educacional do Paraná.
IMÁGENES DE UN CUERPO VACÍO: REPRESENTACIONES DE LAS MUJERES INDIAS DEL BRASIL (SIGLOS XVI Y XVII)
Authors: Soler Elena Losada
Published: January 2021

En los primeros textos portugueses sobre Brasil, donde el indio es el Otro, la india es doblemente Otra. Si las primeras europeas en América, salvo contadísimas excepciones, son un magma anónimo, sin espacio ni voz propia, cómo iba a ser mejor el destino y la situación de esas mujeres dos veces invisibles. Para intentar vislumbrar algo entre tanto velo, y aunque es premisa esencial para no repetir el equívoco de los indigenistas del siglo XIX y de los primeros etnólogos recordar que el “indio” como universal no existe y la “india” tampoco, debemos tener en cuenta que las representaciones de la mujer india del Brasil en los siglos XVI y XVII, especialmente las gráficas, se acercan mucho más a la representación de un universal que a una verdadera imagen individual.
A palavra como arma: metáforas de guerra na conceptualização do antagonismo verbal
Authors: Vereza Solange Coelho
Published: January 2021

Apoiando-se na Teoria da Metáfora Conceptual (TMC), que se insere na área da Linguística Cognitiva, este artigo tem como objetivo investigar a natureza dos mapeamentos cognitivos, e seus efeitos de sentido, que são projetados do domínio-fonte GUERRA para diferentes domínios-alvo. Exploraremos, a partir da análise de 10 memes da internet, o modo com que elementos do frame GUERRA, como domínio-fonte, é projetado (mapeados) em domínios-alvo que dizem respeito a formas de antagonismo verbal e sua “arma” principal: a palavra. Os conceitos de mapeamento (FAUCONNIER, 1997), metáfora conceptual (LAKOFF; JOHNSON (1980 [2002]) e metáfora situada (VEREZA, 2013) representam a base teórico-metodológica da discussão empreendida a partir do corpus. A análise, além de corroborar o postulado da corporeidade que está no cerne da linguística cognitiva, revelou, mais especificamente, como a metáfora conceptual PALAVRA É ARMA licencia uma série de mapeamentos online (metáforas situadas) que evidenciam a ubiquidade da conceptualização bélica de PALAVRA e seus efeitos subjetivos.
Apresentação Diadorim Vozes e escritas nos diferentes espaços da língua portuguesa
Authors: Batista da Silveira Eliete
Published: January 2021

Texto de apresentação para o Dossiê 22-3, Projeto Capes/PrInt.
STRATEGY OF PESANTREN NGALAH PASURUAN IN CHANGE RELIGION RADICALISM
Authors: Yusuf Achmad
Published: January 2021

Islam is a universal religion,perfect, dynamic, flexible, elastic, and canadapt to situations and conditions. Islam isalso known as a religion that isaccommodative to local traditions andikhtilāf ulama in understanding theirreligious teachings through pesantreneducation. Pesantren is an institution ofIslamic culture in Indonesia. Its existenceis quite rooted in the Indonesian society.In addition to being an enlightening agentof faith for santri and Muslims in theirrespective neighborhoods, pesantren alsoserves as cultural transforming agents thatcan bring messages of solidarity andpeace. Pesantren Ngalah Pasuruan as anindigenous education institution that playsan important role in maintaining andpreserving local traditions. This articleaims to describe, analyze about (1) how isthe Education Pattern of Pesantren NgalahPasuruan in countering religiousradicalism? (2) how is education strategyof Pesantren Ngalah Pasuruan incountering religious radicalism? This research uses qualitative approach.Through observation, interview anddocumentation. The data in this studyconsist of (1) primary data and (2)secondary data. Data analysis was donecontinuously along with data collectionuntil this research ended. The technique ofdata validity using inspection techniques.The results of this study are summarized(1) Ngalah Pesantren organizes education"campursari" which is socio-cultural alasunan Kalijogo, and the socio-structuralstyle of NU which includes education (a)formal, (b) non formal, (c) informal. (2)Ngalah's pesantren education strategy incountering religious radicalism (1)Walisongo's strategy of non-violence byusing (a) embracing not hitting, (b) givingnon-hate, (c) non-humorous, (d) (e)looking for friends not looking foropponents.
Kachkaniraqmi: el pensamiento social andino paritario frente al pensamiento occidental individualista
Authors: Añasco-Huariccallo Luis Alberto , Mamani-Jilaja Dometila , Mamani-Coaquira Humberto
Published: January 2021

The andean Qapaq thought has been transmitted from generation to generation in the ayllus, where it maintains modes of thinking, own lifestyles, clearly differentiated from western and eurocentrist individualistic models of life. The objective of the study was to analyze the terms of andean Qapaq thinking and to differentiate western approaches. Under the qualitative methodology, the descriptions were traced bibliographically and the authors were interpreted in reference to the phenomenon of indigenous claim. It was evidenced that in the ayllus or native peasant communities such as Sucuca Urinsaya and the Sucuca Anansaya community, the practice of the andean principles of the Allin Yachay or Wali Yatiña, meaning to know well, is still in force. There is also the principle of the Allin Munay or Wali Munaña translated as wanting well and finally there is the Allin Ruray or Wali Luraña translated as doing well to achieve the Sumaq Kawsay. Therefore, these manifestations in the different daily work and activities of the communeros qhari-warmi or chacha-warmi, which means male and female, support the common philosophy of the true inhabitants of the invisibilized peoples of the Tahuantinsuyano Peru.
Family Education of Tengger People In Instilling Islamic Education Values towards Children
Authors: Reni Anjasari  , Ahmad Marzuki  , Munif Shaleh
Published: January 2021

Family education is very important if the existing pattern of society is a pluralistic society like in Tengger. The purpose of this study are to: 1) Describe the understanding of Tengger ethnic parents about Islamic education and 2) Analyze the role of parents in instilling the values ​​of Islamic education toward childrens. The author chose a qualitative approach and data collection techniques are three techniques: interviews, observation and documentation. The results of this study include: 1) Understanding of parents about the values ​​of Islamic education is classified by: a) Aqeedah in the form of belief where as Muslims have different beliefs that are different from friends of non-Muslim children , b) Shari'a in the form of commands and prohibitions as well as permissible in the law ranging from worship to mu'amalah and c) Morals that foster awareness to do good by preserving morals and doing it sincerely and 2) The role of parents in instilling Islamic educational values, namely acting as educators and protectors for their children. Then various ways or methods are: a) Modeling, b) the habit method, c) the method of advice and d) the method of supervision.
TSO-DSO Operational Planning Coordination through Surrogate Lagrangian Relaxation
Authors: Bragin Mikhail , Dvorkin Yury
Published: January 2021

With the proliferation of distributed energy resources (DERs), located at the Distribution System Operator (DSO) level, uncertainties propagate from Transmission System Operator (TSO) to DSOs and vice versa. Therefore, to enable interoperability, while ensuring higher flexibility and cost-efficiency, both systems need to be efficiently coordinated to operate in sync. Moreover, because of the intermittency of renewable generation, voltages exhibit fluctuations thus necessitating the inclusion of AC power flow. Difficulties behind creating such TSO-DSO coordination include the combinatorial nature of the operational planning problem involved at the transmission level as well as the nonlinearity of AC power flow within both systems. These considerations significantly increase the complexity even under the deterministic setting. In this paper, a deterministic TSO-DSO operational planning coordination problem is considered and a novel decomposition and coordination approach is developed. Within the new method, the problem is decomposed into TSO and DSO subproblems, which are efficiently coordinated by updating Lagrangian multipliers. The nonlinearities at the TSO level caused by AC power flow constraints are resolved through a novel dynamic linearization. Numerical results based on the coordination of 118-bus TSO system with 32 DSO 34-bus systems indicate that both systems benefit from the coordination.