bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence in a Christian Perspective of Humanity and Personhood
Authors: Gunarso Gatot , Mokorowu Yanny , Boy Saragih Denni , Perangin Angin Prasasti
Published: August 2022

This article examines the notion of humanity and personhood in Artificial Intelligence (AI) from the Christian perspective. In general view, humanity is the human race collectively, while personhood is the state or fact of being a person, while for the Christian, personhood is an exhibition of the unity of the spiritual and corporeal in human existence that represents an essential characteristic of a human being. The concept is rooted in the Book of Genesis chapters one and two where God created man in His Image (Imago Dei) and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life. AI on the other hand is a machine, but not a mere machine, since it has a purpose like a human being and also can evolve autonomously and unimaginably when it plugs into a network. Realizing this fact leaves a question of whether AI could hypothetically have personhood in the future, or if it already has since the beginning of its creation, even if it is only a minimal version of personhood. This exploration shows criteria of minimal personhood qualities equal to humanity according to the Christian perspective, through the literature study of the church fathers' writings about the body, soul, free-will, and the possibility of the personhood of AI. From the Christian perspective, the current available AIs do not meet the minimal criteria of personhood. If hypothetically there will be an AI that can meet a few of the criteria, the Christian perspective sees that AI cannot supersede the image of God in which human beings are created.
Editorial
Authors: Rasikawati Ira , Wijanto Eddy , Mursita Putri Siegfrieda A.S.
Published: August 2022

Editorial to the special issue.
Antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of Andrographis paniculata and Rhinacanthus nasutus in isoniazid and rifampicin induced Wistar rats
Authors: Govindraj Akilandeswari , Ramasamy Manikandan , Shanmugam Velayuthapraphu , Muthukrishnan Saradhadevi , Balasubramanian Balamuralikrishnan , Arumugam Vijaya Anand
Published: August 2022

The present investigation aimed to identify the effects of ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata Linn. and Rhinacanthus nasutus Kurz. on enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants on isoniazid and rifampicin induced Wistar rats. Animals were randomly divided into nine groups of 6 rats each and housed in individually ventilated cages for further experimental procedure. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-s-transfersase (GST), lipid peroxides (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C (vit C) and vitamin E (vit E) and carbohydrate metabolism parameters of glucose, glycogen, glucose-6-phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase and hexokinase are estimated at the end of the study. The present study results highlighted that the leaves extract of A. paniculata and R. nasutus have an antioxidant effect and anti-diabetic activity against the toxin treated rats.
Escherichia coli and metals status of hand-dug wells and a river in oproama community, rivers state, Nigeria
Authors: Asiton-a Asifamabia Dick  , Susan Chioma Okparanta
Published: August 2022

Escherichia coli and metal status of hand-dug wells and a river in Oproama Community were investigated for both dry and wet seasons employing standard laboratory procedures. Escherichia coli recorded the highest values of 3.32x102 cfu/ml (log10 2.5211) and 3.40x102 cfu/ml (log10 2.5314) for wet and dry seasons respectively. Lead had highest values of 0.318 ppm and 0.27 ppm for wet and dry seasons respectively, copper had highest values of 0.03ppm and 0.019 ppm for wet and dry seasons respectively, zinc had highest values of 0.068 ppm and 0.03 ppm for wet and dry seasons respectively, cadmium had highest values of 0.030 ppm and 0.04 ppm for wet and dry season respectively, nickel had highest values of 0.165 ppm and 2.021 ppm for wet and dry season while mercury had highest value of <0.15 ppm for both wet and dry season. Escherichia coli counts which exceed the standard for both drinking and recreational waters pose a potential health hazard to the consumers although, the metal values were within acceptable limits, yet consumer education is highly recommended.
Pandemia e trabalho docente: na fronteira entre os inéditos viáveis e as contradições
Authors: Machado da Fonseca Valter , Prata-Linhares Martha Maria , Silva Carmen Lucia Ferreira
Published: August 2022

Este artigo analisa os desafios e as possibilidades do trabalho docente durante o período do ensino remoto em função da COVID 19. Observamos, a existência de uma diversidade de artigos e estudos que visam à supervalorização do uso das tecnologias digitais nas práticas educativas. A COVID impactou frontalmente a educação trazendo à tona as contradições e dificuldades do uso dessas tecnologias. Este trabalho trata do relato de duas experiências exitosas durante o período da pandemia. Trata-se, portanto, de um relato de duas experiências em ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem e uma no ensino presencial, a partir das quais verificamos possibilidades do uso dessas tecnologias. Embora o relato trate de duas experiências significativas com as tecnologias digitais outras experiências apontaram dificuldades em seu uso e para a necessidade de formação docente para sua utilização. Neste sentido, a pandemia trouxe à superfície as dificuldades do trabalho com as tecnologias digitais, porém, ao mesmo tempo ela apontou alternativas e possibilidades do trabalho docente no ciberespaço.
A política de formação dos funcionários da escola na educação profissional e tecnológica
Authors: Costa Neto Antonio Gomes da
Published: August 2022

O trabalho discorre sobre os Profissionais da Educação integrantes da Secretaria Escolar, em relação à política de formação destinada aos Funcionários da Educação Básica Pública, e como essa se operacionaliza na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica. Utiliza-se da abordagem qualitativa, levantamento documental e revisão da literatura. Constatou-se que a política de formação tem início nos anos de 1930, fator relevante não divulgado pelas pesquisas científicas. Evidenciado em tempos modernos, ausência da continuidade dos processos formativos, além da relação causal do racismo. O resultado é a manutenção dos modelos institucionais de invisibilidade e não reconhecimento profissional.
Evidências científicas do planejamento estratégico em hospitais públicos: revisão de escopo
Authors: Bezerra de Castro Sena Daniely , Pedrosa Kamyla de Arruda , Mota Márcio de Oliveira
Published: August 2022

O estudo foi delineado como uma Revisão de Escopo e objetiva mapear o processo de planejamento estratégico em hospitais públicos através da estratégia de busca nas bases de dados PubMEd, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL e BVS/Lilacs. Foram incluídos artigos relacionados ao planejamento e sua aplicabilidade em hospitais, publicados nos últimos oito anos na literatura nacional e internacional. Os dezesseis estudos selecionados eram predominantemente do tipo qualitativo e para a organização dos dados e análise de conteúdos utilizou-se o software Nvivo e Excel, onde foi evidenciado que o planejamento estratégico em hospitais está relacionado às questões organizacionais e avaliativas dos serviços, como também a qualificação dos profissionais de saúde da instituição quanto à relevância e sistematicidade deste processo para a melhoria da qualidade da assistência. Apesar do planejamento estratégico ser reconhecido como uma ferramenta valiosa para a gestão em saúde, sua aplicabilidade ainda é pouco difundida, sendo imprescindível torná-lo real nos hospitais públicos. Ademais, evidenciou-se uma prática bastante comum em alguns países, porém escassa na literatura brasileira. Poucos estudos apontaram investimentos em capacitações envolvendo profissionais da instituição, entretanto, dentre aqueles que investiram foi comprovado a construção de um planejamento democrático, participativo e legítimo.
Aglomerados Varejistas Planejados: O que atrai o consumidor com base nos 6P’s do Marketing?
Authors: Sarmento Silva Rosângela , Pinto Lourenço Fernanda Maria , Alves Figueredo Rubem , Araujo Sales Jefferson David
Published: August 2022

A pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar os fatores influenciadores da atratividade pelos consumidores através da verificação de atitudes e percepções diante de dois shoppings de varejo na cidade de Aracaju, por meio dos 6P’s de marketing (produto, preço, lojas, localização, condições de compra e atendimento). Buscou-se identificar quantitativamente os consumidores promotores e detratores de atratividade de cada shopping. Foi desenvolvido um estudo descritivo de natureza quantitativa, no qual a coleta de dados foi obtida por meio de uma survey. Foram pesquisados 508 consumidores, 305 do Shopping Jardins e 203 do Shopping Riomar e os dados foram tratados por meio da técnica de Regressão Logística. Com base nos 6P’s, o atendimento foi considerado fator promotor de atratividade em ambos os aglomerados planejados e a variável condição de compra foi considerada promotora de atratividade somente no Shopping Riomar. Conclui que, para os dois shoppings, a maioria dos consumidores se apresentaram promotores de atratividade.
Prêmio Sebrae "Prefeito Empreendedor": o caso do Projeto Sala dos Saberes e Fazeres do Município de São Cristóvão/SE
Authors: Andrade dos Santos Souza Elisangela , Sarmento Silva Rosângela , De Jesus Oliveira Halisson Deivid , Melo De Carvalho Kleverton , Mendonça Barreto de Souza Marianita
Published: August 2022

Este estudo objetivou examinar o relatório do Prêmio SEBRAE "Prefeito Empreendedor", concedido ao Projeto Sala dos Saberes e Fazeres, no município de São Cristóvão - SC, em Sergipe, no contexto da economia solidária. A pesquisa caracterizou-se qualitativa de cunho exploratório através de um estudo de caso e análise de conteúdo verificando os resultados obtidos dentro das dimensões igualdade de gênero; trabalho decente e crescimento econômico; redução das desigualdades; cidades e comunidades sustentáveis; consumo e produção responsáveis; parcerias e meios de implementação. Foi possível identificar que os objetivos foram alcançados nas categorias analisadas, mostrando que com o Projeto Sala dos Saberes e Fazeres, a cidade através está buscando intensificar as políticas públicas de empreendedorismo social, economia criativa e solidária para desenvolver as práticas empreendedoras dos atores envolvidos no projeto. O Prêmio SEBRAE "Prefeito Empreendedor", além de dar visibilidade a um projeto, serviu para apresentar os resultados positivos refletidos em diversas áreas econômicas da cidade, como é o caso dos indicadores da evolução de pequenos negócios apresentados no relatório.
A Seara da Ciência da UFC, estimulando a curiosidade pela ciência, como espaço de educação não-formal
Authors: Moreira José César Pontes , Carvalho Paulo Roberto de Lima , Alves Liduina Lopes , Montenegro Nadja Glheuca Silva Dutra , Pimentel Cláudio Rogério Carneiro , Dantas Rosane Arruda
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a efetividade dos procedimentos didáticos pedagógicos no processo de aprendizagem em espaços não-formais com alunos que participaram dos cursos básicos ofertados pela Seara da Ciência da UFC. A partir da construção teórica realizada, observou-se que a Seara da Ciência se consolidou por meio de seu processo e contexto histórico como lócus de interação, criatividade e aprendizagens. Trata-se de uma abordagem metodológica do tipo bibliográfica, descritiva na vertente qualitativa. Analisando o lócus Seara da Ciência da UFC como pesquisa sobre cursos básicos para alunos do ensino médio da rede pública de Fortaleza. A presente pesquisa não se esgota no recorte realizado, mas aponta direcionamentos que devem ser considerados em outras reflexões a serem construídas, tendo em vista a relevância do tema e de saberes construídos nos espaços não-formais de educação, e sua contribuição para a formação do espírito científico dos participantes do projeto.
Productive performance of cassava ethnovarieties in relation to planting position
Authors: Tiago Auana Vicente , Rocha Vinicius Delgado da , Pedri Eliane Cristina Moreno de , Zortéa Kelli Évelin Müller , Dardengo Juliana de Freitas Encinas , Rossi Ana Aparecida Bandini
Published: August 2022

The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity of three cassava ethnovarieties, whose cuttings were planted in two positions: vertical and horizontal in the municipality of Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso state (MT), Brazil. The plants which originated from vertically planted cuttings gave rise to roots with a larger length and larger diameter when compared to those planted horizontally. Root yield was higher for the Cacau Roxa ethnovariety (13.79 t/ha), and produced 30.57% more than Cassava Amarela and 56.12% more when compared to Cassava for frying without being boiled first. This higher yield can also be observed for the weight of the aboveground part of the plant (10.60 t/ha). In both planting positions there was a positive correlation between root diameter and harvest index, as well as root yield and the weight of the aboveground part of the plant. The results show that the cultivation of the plant by placing the cuttings in the vertical position had superior performance in relation to planting them in the horizontal position in regards to the root length and diameter, but there was no difference in the root productivity when considering the planting positions of the roots.
A transformação digital na representação comercial da indústria farmacêutica
Authors: Duz Delsin Stefânia , Stettiner Caio Flavio , Padilha Moia Roberto , Formigoni Alexandre
Published: August 2022

A transformação digital conquistou um papel medular na era da alta tecnologia dentro do marketing farmacêutico e no modelo de vendas “person to person”. O acesso as facilidades digitais impactaram diretamente na interação dos profissionais médicos com os meios de busca por informações científicas e com os representantes médicos. Assim, destaca-se a relevância do tema a ser estudado, na medida em que transforma o cenário dos serviços oferecidos na representação médica, trazendo mudanças importantes dentro da era digital e econômica. O objetivo desse trabalho foi compreender a percepção da classe médica com relação ao atendimento de vendas digital. Para isso, foi utilizada a análise exploratória, qualitativa, baseada em estudo de casos múltiplos por meio do levantamento de informações feito através de entrevistas, utilizando questionários. Os médicos entrevistados disseram que a visitação remota se mostrou como um novo modelo de negócios eficaz. Ou seja, existem oportunidades para romper com o paradigma de que o médico estará sempre atendendo a visita com rapidez. O ponto fundamental é a relevância, em todos os aspectos relacionados à visita, seja ela remota ou não
Comparison of IV fentanyl with iv clonidine for attenuation of the heamodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation
Authors: Sindhurani Kadiyam , Vinay Didigi , Gubba Ramya , Jyothirmayee Jyothirmayee
Published: August 2022

Aim: To compare the efficacy of IV fentanyl with IV clonidine with regards to attenuation of haemodynamic changes during laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Methodology: This study was undertaken in Mamata Medical College, Khammam from August 2018 amongst 90 ASA grade I and II patients in the age group of 18 to 45 years. Patients were allocated into three groups with the sample size of 30 each after a detailed pre-anesthetic evaluation was done. Group A was control with normal saline, Group B had Inj. Fentanyl 2µg/Kg, and Group C had Inj Clonidine 2µg/kg anesthesia. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been used to find the significance of study parameters between three or more groups of patients. Chi-square test has been used to find the significance of study parameters on categorical scale between two or more groups. Results: Intergroup comparison of change in heart rate in first min between the study groups (Group B & Group C) showed no clinical or statistical significance (p=0.5). Statistical evaluation between the groups showed that the increase in Mean arterial pressure (MAP) observed in Group A (control group) was statistically highly significant when compared to increase in MAP in Group C but not Group F.
Development of health early childhood development centers according to the standards of the national early childhood development center
Authors: Vehachart Rungchatchadaporn , Wetwiriyasakun Phatsarabet
Published: August 2022

This research aims 1) to draw lessons learned from implementing under the National Standard for Early Childhood Development (NSECD) passing the standard criteria 2) to develop the NSECD implementing model and 3) to suggest Early Childhood Development (ECD) using qualitative research with teachers and administrators of 9 ECD Centers passing criteria covered 6 working units. The content analysis of data collection administered from June to November 2021 were documentary analysis, group discussion, interview and institutional observation forms. The findings were:1) ECD Centers administrated the NSECD with 6 components of ECD:1.1) holistic approach of Early Childhood(EC) management, service and development.1.2) developing and strengthening EC with family 1.3)systematic and mechanic early childhood learning through playing development 1.4) ECD systematic management and procedural practice associated with the NSECD 1.5) work practice revision and reflection with research procedure raising EC quality and disseminate knowledge and 1.6) management focusing on making EC become global good citizen 2) the NSECD implementing model consists of principles, purposes, components, implementation, successful conditions of the NSECD implementing and four-level-suggestions: 2.1) the authoritative working unit level should place ECD as national agenda 2.2) the policy director level should collaborate with concerned working unit to enhance ECD associated with the NSECD
epidemiological aspects associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection
Authors: Rukadikar Atul R , Rukadikar Charushila A , Munne Kiran , Raut Sharmila Sanjay , Tankhiwale Supriya
Published: August 2022

The widespread bacteria causing sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide is Chlamydia trachomatis. The prevalence of chlamydial diseases that are spread via sexual contact is relatively high throughout the world. Urethritis and cervicitis are often caused by C. trachomatis, and its aftereffects include ectopic pregnancy, reactive arthritis, epididymitis, tubal factor infertility, proctitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). In addition, chlamydial infections may cause severe ocular or reproductive illness, resulting in infertility or blindness, depending on the bacterial strain. There have been many ways to calculate transmission probability, but each has drawbacks. It is linked to a broad spectrum of short- and long-term health repercussions and sequelae. In low- and middle-income nations like India, where the majority of the burden goes unreported and where there is a lack of systematic data to assess the situation, improved urogenital C. trachomatis infection management is especially crucial. This study's goal was to highlight the current state of the significant epidemiological factors related to chlamydial infections.
role of yoga philosophy in human excellence
Authors: Prabhu P. , Manivannan K.
Published: August 2022

The art and science of yoga is dedicated to creating union between body, mind and soul. Its objective is to assist the practitioner in using the breath and body to foster an awareness of ourselves as individualized beings intimately connected to the unified whole of creation.  In short it is about creating balance and equanimity so as to live in peace, good health and harmony with the greater whole.  This art of right living was perfected and practiced in India thousands of years ago and the foundations of yoga philosophy were written down in the Yoga Sutra of Patanjali, approximately 200 AD.  This sacred text describes the inner workings of the mind and provides a blueprint for controlling its restlessness so as to enjoy lasting peace. Yoga is now practiced by millions across the globe. This is great for humanity, however a lot of yoga that is being practiced today is merely just asana & some amounts of pranayama. Even asana has been diluted to a mere form of exercise and often teamed with other things (like heat, chocolate, music, weights etc...) that are completely external to classical yoga. Very few practitioners go beyond asana.
Representation of disability and childhood trauma in what happened to you and a helping hand
Authors: Praveen Gowri , Sulthan M. S. Sarangi , Mol Krishnaja K.
Published: August 2022

Children with disabilities are more prone to be traumatized, especially when they happen to recall  painful experiences from their pasts that might have proximities to their impairments. Authentic representation of disability is lacking in literature targeting children and young adults.Authors with disabilities have to undergo many hindrances for publishing their literary works. The study aims to critically analyze the two texts by comparing the representation of characters with disabilities by disabled, and non-disabled writers. The study shows that there is misrepresentation in characterisation and use of language in the narrative by a non-disabled author. Diversity in children’s literature is given the required justice only when readers, both disabled and non-disabled are able to see and relate themselves in the books that they read. It is important to educate young readers to socialize with disabled people, and to create awareness regarding the suppressed psyche of people with disabilities and to let their voices be heard.
Work engagement and job satisfaction in the medical sector
Authors: Gkliati Alexandra , Saiti Anna
Published: August 2022

Work engagement and job satisfaction are among the aspects of psychological well-being. This study is an empirical investigation regarding the levels of work engagement and job satisfaction among doctors who work in Greek public hospitals. Moreover, the purpose of the paper is to examine the relationship between these two concepts. Results revealed that the concepts of work engagement and job satisfaction are strongly positively correlated, while work engagement appears to be a very important predictor of intrinsic satisfaction but it can also predict extrinsic satisfaction to some extent.
Quality markers evaluation in chocolates with different cocoa content
Authors: Prencipe Sabrina A. , Maddaloni Lucia , Ruggieri Roberto , Vieri Simone , Vinci Giuliana
Published: August 2022

Quality assessment of cocoa-based food products (i.e., chocolate) reached increasing interest by scientific research, as it is rich in bioactive compounds (BCs) (i.e., catechins, methylxanthines, serotonin, etc.), which can have beneficial effects on human health (cardiovascular, immunomodulatory, mood regulator, etc.). Thus, the cocoa content may influence the quality of chocolate products. In this regard, the study aimed at a comprehensive evaluation of different BCs: biogenic amines (BAs), free fatty acids (FFAs), and antioxidant compounds (Total Polyphenols Content, TPC and Antioxidant Activity, AA), in chocolate samples with different cocoa contents (50%, 60%, 70%, 85%, 100%). By means of HPLC-UV/RF analysis, chocolates samples with higher cocoa content showed the highest concentration of serotonin, which represented the 25% of the total BAs concentration. Considering the total FFAs, unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic and oleic) accounted for 30 to 50% in all chocolate samples analyzed. Antioxidant assays showed a great variability within samples, mainly highlighting a gradual increase of TPC and AC as a function of higher cocoa content. The findings of this study provide useful insights into cocoa-based products, showing that cocoa content influences the BCs concentration, thus improving the nutritional characteristics and the quality of the final product.
The economic and social burdens of military spending in Iraq
Authors: Rageeb Wisam Nemah Jaafar , Ali Sameerah Saeed
Published: August 2022

Given the conditions that Iraq has undergone throughout the previous decades of wars, sieges, and geopolitical upheavals that have significantly impacted the lives of Iraqis, notably on the economic and social levels, Robert McKinmar, the US Secretary of Defense, argues, "National security does not lay just in military force, but equally in the establishment of stable models of economic and political progress). Despite what Iraq boasts of riches, raw resources, water, agricultural areas, topographical variety, and geographical position, military expenditure has left its extensive detrimental impressions at all levels. The intended goals of the research The researcher employed the descriptive technique.
Measurement and analysis of 222RN in the commonly used building construction materials
Authors: Kolhe Dipali K. , Shrivastava Shilpi , Dharmadhikari V. N.
Published: August 2022

Humans are constantly exposed to ionizing radiation, which is naturally occurring in the earth's crust. On the surface of the earth, the composition of radionuclides varies from place to place depending on the geological condition. Radon is a radioactive inert gas that emits radiation, contributing a large portion of the amount of radiation received by humans on earth. For radon studies, commonly used building material and soil samples are collected such as rocks, soil, sand and various types of cement etc from the local market, construction site and hardware stores. The concentration of 222Rn and mass exhalation rate was studied in the samples of building materials used in the province of Pune District, Maharashtra, India. In the present study active device AQTEK Smart RnDuo was used to measure the radon concentration and mass exhalation rate for the building construction material. In the current study, for soil samples shows radon concentration varies from 279±22Bq/m3 to 457±23Bq /m3 for with a mean value 342±22 Bq/m3, radon mass extraction rate varied from 9.64±0.54 mBq/Kg/hr to 18.84±1.5mBq/Kg/hr with mean value 13.5±1.04 mBq/Kg/hr.
Customers’ awareness and satisfaction of products and services offered by the general insurance companies in the Tiruchirappalli district
Authors: Yuvarani M. , Jaisankar V.
Published: August 2022

An individual is exposed to various risks in daily life and it will surprise one to note how many of these can actually be insured. General insurance companies offer a variety of products covering different types of risks. Not only is there a dearth of knowledge about these but also most individuals are not aware of the value that Insurance, as an option, could add to their lives. While the affordability factor, and an individual’s priority for Insurance are important aspects why some do not opt for insurance, the lack of awareness about the types of Insurances available and the inability to perceive Insurance as a protection tool are other reasons why a few have chosen to remain uninsured The General Insurance industry has played an unparalleled role in creating access to financial services and to protection. Supported by the largest health insurance programme globally, the industry prides itself on having added over three million beneficiaries in a short span of six years. Further, a majority of the beneficiaries are from the below poverty-line segment, which goes a long way in contributing to the policy objectives of universal financial inclusion.
effectiveness of single leg mini squat and straight leg raise on pain intensity, muscle strength and physical function in patients with osteoarthritis KNEE in geriatric population
Authors: Bhatnagar Gaurav , Sahu Rajesh Kumar , Rafi Mohammed , Basha Abdul Syed Khader , Chavhan Harshada Hanwantrao
Published: August 2022

Background: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease, occurring primarily in older person, characterized erosion of articular cartilage, hypertrophy of the bone at the margins. Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disorder among adults 45 to 80 years of age or older, symptomatic disease occurs in approximately 12.1% population. Method: A total number of 40 participants of age between 60 to 80 years were divided into 2 groups as group A and group B, in which each group consist of 20 participants. The group A received single leg mini-squat exercise with hot pack and IFT and group B received straight leg raise exercise with hot pack and IFT for 15 days (20 times twice daily).the number of exercises was increased by five every two days so that by end of the program (15 day), the participants was performed 55 single leg MSE twice a day of group A and 55 SLRE twice a day of group B. Result: The participants in the two groups showed improvement after the treatment but there was significantly more decrease in pain, increase muscle strength and physical function among participants in single leg mini squat exercise group when compared to SLRE.
Status of circulatory level of secreted frizzled related protein 4 in metabolic syndrome
Authors: Yadav Sushil , Singh Vinod Kumar , Kumar Pradeep , Sharma Preeti
Published: August 2022

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a set of metabolic disorders and is considered as a predictor of cardiovascular risks. The expression of several specific genes and the related protein products also show their significance in pathophysiology of Metabolic Syndrome. Secreted Frizzled Related Protein 4 is a product of expression of SFRP4 genes. SFRP4 has been linked with inflammatory responses quite similar to the responses as in metabolic syndrome pathogenesis. Aim: The current study aimed to assess the circulatory level of Secreted Frizzled Related Protein 4 among metabolic syndrome individuals. Method: Estimation of SFRP4 was done by ELISA technique by using Human SFRP4 ELISA kit (Make- Bioassay Technology Laboratory, Cat no- E2327Hu, Zeijhang, China). Results: Mean concentration of serum SFRP4 in Metabolic Syndrome subjects (2.06 ± 1.39 ng/ml) was significantly higher than the mean concentration of healthy controls (1.28 ± 1.29 ng/ml)  (p< 0.05 *). Conclusion: A significant correlation of serum SFRP4 level with Fasting blood glucose and HbA1c seen in the findings of this study puts on an extra contribution to consider this protein as a potential Biomarker for Type II Diabetes Mellitus.
Analysis of gestational trophoblastic disease in Baghdad Teaching Hospital
Authors: Kadhim Hanan Jawad , Aleessa Raghad Abdul-Haleem
Published: August 2022

Background:  Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTD) are important and interesting part of gynecological oncology. Women diagnosed with GTD should be counseled that about 8% become malignant and GTN is a significant cause of morbidity, fertility loss and unfortunately mortality in young women. All form of GTD produce B- hCG and monitoring this hormone is a precise biomarker for screening, diagnosis, therapeutic response and follow up of patients. Objectives: To analyze and determine the types, complications, management and outcomes of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) and those with irregular follow-up in Baghdad Teaching Hospital through an observational descriptive based approach. Study design: Observational descriptive study. Setting: Department of Maternity, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq. Patients and methods: During  the  period  from  January  2013  to  January  2014,  (60)    patients   admitted  to  our  hospital  were  diagnosed and  registered  to have GTD  on  the  basis  of  histopathological  report,  were  enrolled  in  this  study.
A Plea for More Skepticism Toward Fluid Inclusions: Part I. Postentrapment Changes in Fluid Density and Fluid Salinity Are Very Common
Authors: Zhang Daohan , Audétat Andreas
Published: August 2022

This contribution focuses on fluid inclusions in quartz, which is the most commonly investigated host mineral for fluid inclusions. We demonstrate based on petrographic relationships, cathodoluminescence (CL) images, and microthermometric data that postentrapment migration and/or dismemberment of fluid inclusions in quartz is a very common phenomenon that leads to major changes in the recorded fluid properties. The phenomenon is not restricted to samples that experienced shear stress but is common also in freely grown, euhedral quartz crystals that grew within open-space veins and miarolitic cavities. Generally, both migration and dismemberment lead to substantial increases in fluid density and, thus, in decreased fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures by up to several hundred degrees Celsius. Fluid salinities were commonly less affected, although some high-temperature brine inclusions record salinity increases by up to 30% relative.

A good fluid inclusion preservation state is indicated (but not proven) if the inclusions occur on well-defined trails or growth zones, show constant phase proportions, and provide tightly clustered microthermometric data. In contrast, well-developed negative crystal shapes cannot be taken as evidence for a good preservation state. Randomly distributed, regular-shaped fluid inclusions in high-temperature (>300°C) quartz samples are in most cases not of primary origin but rather represent migrated pseudosecondary fluid inclusions. Evidence for fluid inclusion migration and dismemberment includes the occurrence of tiny solid inclusions (mostly mica and rutile) within the host quartz, scattered microthermometric data, and the presence of irregular or c-axis-parallel, dully to nonluminescent quartz patches that depart from healed fracture planes visible in cathodoluminescence images. In summary, pressure-temperature information obtained from fluid inclusions should generally be treated with great caution, unless they meet the above-mentioned criteria for good inclusion preservation.
A Plea for More Skepticism Toward Fluid Inclusions: Part II. Homogenization via Halite Dissolution in Brine Inclusions from Magmatic-Hydrothermal Systems Is Commonly the Result of Postentrapment Modifications
Authors: Audétat Andreas
Published: August 2022

Quartz-hosted brine inclusions that homogenize via halite dissolution occur in many magmatic-hydrothermal systems. In many cases their calculated minimum entrapment pressures are geologically unrealistically high, which has been interpreted to reflect accidental entrapment of halite crystals, and hence, to indicate halite saturation. Here it is demonstrated based on microthermometric trends and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry analyses of fluid inclusion assemblages from eight different ore deposits that the phenomenon of inclusion homogenization via halite dissolution is commonly caused by postentrapment changes in fluid inclusion volume rather than by cotrapping of halite. Many of the investigated assemblages show highly variable liquid-vapor homogenization temperatures at relatively constant fluid salinity—a trend that cannot be produced by cotrapping of halite or by cotrapping of vapor. Furthermore, in those assemblages that do display variable fluid salinities, the elemental Cl/X concentration ratios (where X denotes any element other than Na) do not increase with increasing fluid salinity. The observed microthermometric and compositional trends are best explained by variable extents of postentrapment reduction in inclusion volume, which increased fluid density and in some cases was accompanied by H2O loss and migration of the inclusions within the host quartz. The fact that such trends can be observed even in seemingly well preserved fluid inclusion assemblages suggests that postentrapment modifications in fluid inclusion volume and H2O contents may be widespread and thus that temperature and pressure estimates from quartz-hosted fluid inclusions should generally be treated with caution. This is particularly true for samples that may have experienced deformation, such as massive quartz veins and rock-forming quartz.
Reflections: Valborg Werbeck-Svärdström’s Uncovering the Voice
Authors: Gray Atha Marisa
Published: August 2022

Born in Gäyle, Sweden, in 1879, Valborg Werbeck-Svärdström studied and performed opera before moving to Germany, where she met Rudolph Steiner, proponent of anthroposophy and founder of Waldorf education. Through her own internal work, and her ongoing collaboration with Steiner, Werbeck came to an understanding of the voice that inspired her to found Schule der Stimmenthüllung (School for Uncovering the Voice), the first anthroposophical singing school, in 1924. She published Uncovering the Voice: The Cleansing Power of Song in 1938. The School for Uncovering the Voice still continues today worldwide and is frequently found in Waldorf teacher training programs.
Focus of Attention in Voice Training and Performance: Applications to the Voice Studio
Authors: Treinkman Melissa
Published: August 2022

In all of motor learning theory, focus of attention is certainly among the areas of research with the most relevance to singers. This article aims to guide and to provide strategies to teachers wishing to translate internal focus directives into external ones, when appropriate. Issues of posture, breath, vocal tract space, and tension are examined, along with ways to engage powers of imitation and imagination to activate automatic control processes.
Research Status and Development Prospect of Steel Truss Bridge Joints
Authors: Deng Haiqian
Published: August 2022

In recent decades, with the increasing demand of long-span bridges and the continuous progress of construction technology, steel truss bridges have been more and more widely used. In general, the joint form of steel truss bridge can be divided into two types: splice joint and integral joint. The selections of the joint forms in steel truss bridges have gradually become the focus of the designers and researchers. Based on the engineering cases of steel truss bridges, this paper introduces the characteristics and advantages of the splice joint and the integral joint, respectively. The engineering performances of these two kinds of joints are compared under the same working condition. The corresponding conclusions on joint selection are obtained, and the prospect of joint design for steel truss bridges is proposed.
Study on Seismic Design and Behaviour of the Integral Abutment
Authors: Cai Yuankun
Published: August 2022

The integral abutment bridge (IAB) has been regarded as an efficient and effective seismic design in bridge structures by many civil engineers in recent years. In this paper, some advantages of IAB are shown. By comparing with the traditional abutments, the design of IAB can save the cost of those expansion devices in both the construction phase and maintenance phase. Moreover, the seismic performance of IAB is proved to be better for its unique advantages such as increasing integrity by cancelling the expansion joints and bearings, reducing the backfilling pressure, and limiting the rotation. Therefore, the application of IAB has been spread in many countries, especially in America. However, this paper also conducts some problems in the field of IAB which can be regarded as the potential research direction. The first is the delay of IAB’s application in China and the corresponding urgent requirement. The second is the absence of a unified specification. And the last is that the advanced-performance piles in the integral abutment are expensive. The information presented in this paper aims to help arise and expand the relative emphasis and research in the field of IAB.
Building Information Modeling Application in Civil Engineering Field -- Take Gongbei Tunnel as an Example
Authors: Wang Shumao
Published: August 2022

Building Information Modelling (BIM), the direct product of digital technology, is now widely applied in the civil engineering field as a tool to enhance the overall construction project design and implement. Compared with Europe and the US, China has a later start in BIM technology, but has still achieved certain results in the past decade. Therefore, this research studies the application of BIM technology in the field of civil engineering and selects an example to analyze. This research reviews the development of BIM in China, revealing the broad development prospects in China's market. And by selecting the BIM application in Gongbei tunnel as an example, the detail functions of BIM software and their advantages are concluded: (1) Visualization of models; (2) Higher collaboration efficiency; (3) Higher cost management efficiency. This research can help promoting the future development of BIM in China.
Comparison of Safety Risk Identification of Bridge and Tunnel Engineering
Authors: Li Xuanfeng , Zhang Fuxia , Zhang Minli , Wang Jianxiong
Published: August 2022

With the development of science and technology and the changes of the times, the transportation industry is developing rapidly all over the world. As a key and difficult project in the transportation industry, the bridge and tunnel project has many problems, such as complex engineering structure, large building scale, long construction period and changeable construction environment, which leads to frequent bridge and tunnel construction accidents. Based on the domestic and international theoretical research of risk management and safety risk , this paper adopts LC risk identification method to identify and horizontally compare safety risk accidents of bridges and tunnels in the same project. The aim is to figure out the difference of construction safety risk types between bridge and tunnel projects. It is significant to improving the efficiency of construction safety management via refining the evaluation indexes and comparing and analyzing the evaluation results from multiple angles.
The Factors Affecting Dam Safety and Seepage Control Measures
Authors: Li Shengxi
Published: August 2022

Dam plays an important role in the development of economy, measurement of flooding, human life and property safety. If dam broken occurs, it could cause massive damage and casualties. Seepage is one of the main problems that influence the dam safety. Therefore, it’s significant to study the dam safety and seepage control measurements. This research focuses on the factors that affecting dam safety and evaluate the seepage fold control methods. Results show that the influence factors of dam safety include geological condition, overtopping, human factors and dam structure. They affect dam safety by causing geological hazards like flood or reducing the dam's ability to withstand these disasters. Seepage prevention and control is effective to alleviate dam safety problems. There are some methods such as concrete impermeable panel, concrete impermeable wall and improvement of dam body. Different measures are applied in different kinds of dam and have specific features.
Applications of Intelligent Artificial and Communication Technologies in Intelligent Buildings
Authors: Zhao Wangchu
Published: August 2022

With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, more and more technologies are being applied to the intelligent building system. The study summarizes and analyzes the development status of intelligent buildings, then analyzes and generalizes the advantages, disadvantages, and applications of several artificial intelligence and communication technologies in the intelligent building system. Results show that this paper introduces the three applications of artificial intelligence systems in intelligent buildings, including expert control systems, artificial neural systems, and intelligent decision systems, as well as the application of communication technology in intelligent buildings, including virtual LAN technology, communication network technology and broadband network technology. Artificial intelligence technology can reflect the current situation of buildings to people in real-time, judge emergencies instead of experts, and make the best choice to prolong the service life and stability of buildings. Communication technology can help users realize remote offices and home offices. The application of these technologies in intelligent buildings may not be mature at this stage, but the development and application potential are still very considerable.
Evaluation of Systems and Technologies Of Underground Pipeline Gallery, Haikou
Authors: Cao Keli , Jiang Nier , Su Jiayi
Published: August 2022

As the urban areas become denser, the built environment and land resources have limited the scope for further development of the urban areas. Haikou, as one of ten pilot cities to develop underground space, is chosen as the case in this study. Haikou Underground Pipe Gallery is a current underground building structure system that maximizes the utilization rate of land. This study investigates and analyzes the most useful and valuable technologies and systems of the Underground Pipe Gallery by survey and research. The result shows that U-shape construction technology is the most beneficial one and the electrical system is the largest and most widely used one. There are four high-tech applications in the electrical system: load power supply, construction of electrical distribution, power supply cable, and lighting facilities. In addition, a combination of green (sponge project), blue (water control) and gray (underground pipe network) infrastructure is utilized to create an optimal drainage system. It has made good use of the large area of urban green space and rainwater storage facilities.
A New Workshop Hub Design for University in The Post-Pandemic period
Authors: Fan Zhiyi , Lu Haobo , Tao Ruiqi
Published: August 2022

It turns out that Covid-19 has not only affected our health, but also influenced our surrounding areas where we live, work or study. Nowadays, in the post-pandemic era, universities reopen instead of taking virtual teaching, keeping social distance is still of great importance. This essay aims to design a new place for students and academics to study, with a priority of their safety in the post-pandemic campus. Engineering Building of Xi’an Jiaotong Liverpool University and the Benzie Building of Manchester Metropolitan University have been selected as case study since they have a similar building use and made different changes after Covid-19 breaking out. To collect enough information before making a design proposal, a number of interviews and questionnaires have been individually taken place in two buildings. By analysing results from research, good design will be considered into our final design while shortages will be improved. Our design will be based on Engineering building in Xi’an Jiaotong Liverpool University to make a new workshop hub with the purpose of ensuring safety, enhancing interaction and achieving sustainability.
Frank Gehry, Zaha Hadid and the value of Deconstructivism
Authors: Liu Yimo , Ye Junyuan
Published: August 2022

The paper aims to compare and discuss the value of deconstructivism in today's society by choosing two famous architects, Zaha Hadid and Frank Gehry. From Zaha's Guangzhou Opera House, some relationships with the buildings around can be found, and their association largely illustrates the importance of flexible and unusual buildings. Moreover, Gehry has a strong inspiration for everything that happens horizontally, which is a perfect illustration of Zaha and deconstructivism. By analyzing his architecture philosophy and aesthetics, the indispensable part of deconstructivism can be understood with a clear view of how modern architects apply it to their designs.