bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Literature Review of Teaching and Learning on Object-Oriented Programming Course
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia and with the Institut Teknologi Pagar Alam, Pagar Alam, South Sumatra, Indonesia, Efan  , Krismadinata  , Jama Jalius , Mulya Rudi
Published: February 2023

Object-oriented programming is a paradigm that allows us to write programs by modeling real-world things in the form of classes and objects. The main goal of Object-oriented programming is to develop software that integrates various attributes, such as reusability, maintainability, and reliability. Many researchers have identified various problems and proposed concrete solutions regarding the teaching and learning process of Object-oriented programming courses. However, a map of problems and solutions is needed that summarizes what has been discussed by previous researchers so that it can be seen what the core problems related to learning in Object-oriented programming courses. In this study, we conducted a systematic literature review on course problems and solutions in OOP learning. For that purpose, we considered research works published from 2017 to 2021 in IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, and Google Scholar as many as 9664 articles based on search keywords. The method used in the SLR performs three stages, namely planning, implementation, and reporting. From the SLR process, there are 60 articles for our research and review them from related issues from three aspects, namely students, content and technology, and lecturers. Based on the analysis, four major problems were identified, namely the complexity and abstraction of the material, the learning model, the lecture time, and the background and experience of students. The majority of researchers propose the development of learning media or the development of learning models.
Heuristic Evaluation on Affective 4-Dimensional Augmented Reality Mathematics for Children with Low Vision
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Terengganu, Malaysia, Aziz Nurulnadwan , Ahmad Siti Zulaiha , Binsaleh Sariya , Rahman Wan Wan Rahzihan Zulnasyreeq Wan A
Published: February 2023

Low-vision children need engaging technology to explore learning materials regardless of visual impairment, which usually restricts their access to innovative learning tools. Understanding and learning fractions in Mathematics could be challenging for them as it requires conceptualization and visualization of the divisional concept. Having considered their ability to visualize the learning content, this study introduced a mobile 4-Dimensional Augmented Reality with the inclusion of affective attributes, which are feeling, thought, emotion, and action, known as Affective 4-Dimensional Augmented Reality Mathematics for Low Vision (ARM4LV). Before the apps are introduced to the targeted users, this study conducts a heuristic evaluation to extract comments and suggestions from the perspective of experts and validate the prototype. The heuristic evaluation is based on Nielsen and Molich’s 10 Heuristics with nine principles and engaged with six experts. They were involved in two phases of evaluation sessions. Results revealed that all experts strongly agreed that the prototype is usable and applicable to low vision needs with the overall mean score being 4.7. However, it still requires some improvement and enhancement in terms of user control expectations which will be further explored in the future.
Digital Transformation in Early Childhood Education: Teachers’ Self-regulated Model for Digital Learning
Authors:   School of Applied Science, Telkom University, Indonesia, Aditya Bayu Rima , Andrisyah
Published: February 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has impacted the world of education, especially for lower levels of education such as early childhood education. It has changed its teaching pattern into innovation by implementing online learning. Therefore, teachers need to have a good self-regulated strategy to achieve the online learning goals. This study aims to describe a conceptual model for representing the self-regulated strategy of early childhood teachers in digital learning using a quantitative survey approach. The data collection involved 100 early childhood teachers in Indonesia with a focus on the analysis of three aspects of teachers’ behavior in a digital learning environment: 1) IT experience, 2) IT motivation, and 3) online self-regulated strategy. The study proposed a conceptual model for teachers’ self-regulated strategy to implement digital learning. The study also noted that based on the technology perspective, both IT experience and IT motivation play a critical role in affecting teachers’ self-regulated strategy for digital learning. The main contribution of this study was to provide an understanding of the importance of a self-regulated strategy for teachers toward innovation in early childhood education in a digital learning environment. In doing so, the results of this study can be regarded as a starting point for incentive future research for the successful implementation of digital transformation in early childhood education.
Teaching during the Pandemic: An Exploratory Study in Portuguese and Brazilian Secondary Education Teachers
Authors:   Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies (CEIS20) and the Department of History, Political and International Studies of the Faculty of Arts of the University of Porto, Portugal, Dias-Trindade Sara , Henriques Susana , Correia Joana Duarte
Published: February 2023

The present study takes as a starting point the COVID-19 lockdown to which Portuguese and Brazilian schools were confined during 2020, to trace the scenario regarding the training needs of secondary education teachers in terms of digital skills. The research questions seek, firstly, to understand how the transition from face-to-face environments to digital environments was carried out in those countries and, secondly, to assess how to improve digital skills in education when considering a post-pandemic future. The results, obtained from responses by 300 teachers to a questionnaire survey, are in line with the conclusions of the intense research that has been conducted in this area: the COVID-19 pandemic has made teachers’ digital training more urgent, and has highlighted the importance of integrating digital environments in education, both as a strategy for the continuity and sustainability of education itself, and as a fluid space that allows the development of practices that enhance quality learning. The analysis also allows us to perceive the differences and similarities in terms of education between two countries that share the same language and have historical proximity, but different socioeconomic indices.
Blended Learning Design of English Language Course in Higher Education: A Systematic Review
Authors:   the School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Technology Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia, Yajie Chen , Jumaat Nurul Farhana Binti
Published: February 2023

Higher education has been innovated by technological advancement to fulfill the demands of various learning needs. Blended Learning (BL) is increasingly important for education institutions to transform the conventional classroom into a more open and innovative integration of teaching and learning not limited to time and space. There have been literature and systematic review on BL in various subjects, however, BL design of English courses applied in higher education lacks a comprehensive systematic review. This paper conducts a systematic review of BL in English courses to investigate the effect of BL in ETL (English Teaching and Learning) and to identify BL trends, gaps, and future directions for ETL in higher education. Based on PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, this study conducted a literature search of the following databases: Scopus, ACM, and Web of Science, using the search string of “blended learning”, “English courses”, and “higher education” and several related substrings. The search yielded 469 studies that were identified through further screening and eligibility. 69 articles were selected for inclusion in this review. The current research fields for BL in ETL can be mainly summarized into four categories: blended learning design, participants, technologies, and effects, The obtained findings identify the factors and variables related to BL that influence the effect of ETL in higher education. Additionally, the effectiveness of different BL models and approaches are investigated for ETL in higher education. The result facilitates the design and implementation of a blended or hybrid English course in higher education.
Design of optical elements for an extended light source
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Byzov E.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Doskolovich L.L. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Kravchenko S.V. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Moiseev M.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kazanskiy N.L. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: February 2023

Using the previously developed optimization method for an extended light source [Byzov EV, Kravchenko SV, Moiseev MA, Bezus EA, Doskolovich LL. Optimization method for designing double-surface refractive optical elements for an extended light source. Opt Express 2020; 28(17): 24431-24443. DOI: 10.1364/OE.400609], we designed a compact refractive optical element (the ratio of the element height to the light source size being 1.55) providing a uniform illuminance distribution in a shifted rectangular region. An application of the optimization method for calculating the so-called TIR-elements, exploiting the phenomenon of the total internal reflection of rays, is considered. For an extended light source, compact TIR-elements with freeform exit surfaces that generate uniform illuminance distributions in a rectangular region are designed. The results of the work show promise for a wide class of problems of designing compact optical elements for light-emitting diodes.
Overexpressed RAD51 promoted osteogenic differentiation by activating IGF1R/PI3K/AKT pathway in osteoblasts
Authors: Qiu Minli , Xie Ya , Tu Liudan , Zhao Minjing , Yang Mingcan , Fang Linkai , Gu Jieruo
Published: February 2023

Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is a skeleton disease induced by imbalance between osteoblast and osteoclast. Osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts is of great importance, and the regulatory mechanisms are urgent to be studied. Methods: Differentially expressed genes were screened from microarray profile related to OP patients. The dexamethasone (Dex) was used to induce osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. MC3T3-E1 cells were exposed to microgravity environment to mimic OP model cells. Alizarin Red staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining were used to evaluate the role of RAD51 in osteogenic differentiation of OP model cells. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and western blot were applied to determine expression levels of genes and proteins. Results: RAD51 expression was suppressed in OP patients and model cells. Alizarin Red staining and ALP staining intensity, the expression of osteogenesis-related proteins including runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteocalcin (OCN), and collagen type I alpha1 (COL1A1) were increased by over-expressed RAD51. Furthermore, RAD51 related genes were enriched in IGF1 pathway, and up-regulated RAD51 activated IGF1 pathway. The effects of oe-RAD51 on osteogenic differentiation and IGF1 pathway were attenuated by IGF1R inhibitor BMS754807. Conclusions: Overexpressed RAD51 promoted osteogenic differentiation by activating IGF1R/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in OP. RAD51 could be a potential therapeutic marker for OP.
Salud pública en Colombia
Authors: Sotomayor Tribín Hugo
Published: February 2023

Presenta una original aproximación al devenir sanitario del país desde la antropología médica, la epidemiología, la etnoepidemiología y la historia; es una expresión de interdisciplinariedad y transdisciplinariedad que tiene en cuenta el conocimiento ancestral, la academia y la cultura. A través de 18 capítulos distribuidos en siete apartes, Hugo Sotomayor Tribín presenta su visión de la salud en Colombia desde la época precolombina hasta el momento actual. Este libro está dirigido a las nuevas generaciones profesionales interesadas en la salud pública.
Unique truncated and non-synonymous mutations in functional domains of ORF3a SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Christian Jeanne Elvia , Yuliawuri Hartiyowidi
Published: February 2023

Previous studies showed that mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a protein can influence viral pathogenesis. Therefore, it is necessary to observe mutations, especially in the functional domain of the protein. We observed the presence of mutations in the ORF3a protein by analyzing 5,131 samples from the GISAID database since it was first discovered in March 2020 until November 2021. The sequence was aligned using Clustal Omega Multiple Sequence Alignment from EMBL-EBI and analyzed using BioEdit version 7.2.5 software using reference sequences NC045512. Samples having the letter N were omitted from the analysis. The effect of point mutations on proteins was analyzed using the Protein Variation Effect Analyzer (PROVEAN) v1.1.3 software. The functional domains of the ORF3a protein were visualized using RasWin software. We identified 312 mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a protein. In addition, from 5,131 samples, 915 samples were found to be truncated in the C-terminal region of the protein. These non-synonymous mutations data in functional domains and truncated sequences indicate that amino acid changes in the ORF3a protein require further studies to determine the effect of viral pathogenicity in humans.
Investigation of dependence of the heat flux anomalies in the rear of subduction zones on the angle and velocity of subduction
Authors: Gavrilov S. , Kharitonov A.
Published: February 2023

The relevance of the material presented in this article is related to the identification of the dependence of the anomalous heat flux magnitude on the angle and velocity of lithospheric subduction, and assuming the constancy of the effective viscosity of the upper mantle material and the conductive mechanism of dissipative heat transfer. We analytically solved the equation of dissipative heat transport in a mantle wedge over a flatly subducting lithospheric plate on the basis of the method estimating the anomalous heat flux carried to the day surface from the mantle wedge in the rear of subduction zones. As a result, exemplified by Amur and Adriatic plates, for which the velocity of subduction is determined by modern geodetic methods (approximately 10 mm per year) and the angle of subduction — from seismological data (25–30 degrees), the obtained dependence of the anomalous heat flux on the angle and velocity of lithospheric subduction is proved valid. The previously unmeasured velocity of the Black Sea microplate subduction under the Crimea was estimated of 3 mm per year. With the obtained velocity of matter in the mantle wedge at the roof of the mantle, the upward conductive flow can provide the observed removal of heat and hydrocarbons from the mantle to the day surface and the formation of hydrocarbon deposits.
O potencial das boas práticas de compliance para o fortalecimento da salvaguarda do patrimônio imaterial agroalimentar
Authors: Pinheiro Rosana Sampaio , Paiva Carlos Magno de Souza , Nogueira Roberto Henrique Porto , Silva Flávia Coelho Augusto
Published: February 2023

O Direito do Patrimônio Cultural é autônomo em relação ao Direito Ambiental, já que a tutela jurídica aos bens naturais não se aplica aos bens culturais de maneira adequada. Por sua vez, a salvaguarda do Patrimônio Cultural Imaterial no Brasil ocorre, sobretudo, por meio do registro, mecanismo criado pelo Decreto n.º 3.551/2000. No entanto, as ações de proteção decorrentes desse instrumento parecem ser insuficientes diante das peculiaridades do Patrimônio Imaterial Agroalimentar. Por isso, em pesquisa teórica apoiada no método de análise documental e subsidiada por referências sociojurídicas, foi investigado se as boas práticas de Compliance teriam o potencial de contribuir para a salvaguarda do Patrimônio Agroalimentar. Por fim, concluiu-se que as boas práticas de Compliance, por meio do Programa de Integridade, podem fortalecer a proteção das organizações coletivas formadas por detentores dos modos de fazer produtos agroalimentares.
Importância da pesca artesanal para a diversificação proteica e manutenção da segurança alimentar em uma comunidade litorânea do nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Vieira Freitas Yasmim , Sánchez-Botero Jorge Iván , Garcez Danielle Sequeira
Published: February 2023

Este estudio evalúa características del consumo de alimentos de 15 familias de la villa de pescadores de Emboaca (Estado de Ceará, nordeste del Brazil), que registraron su consumo de proteínas por 45 días (2017-2018). Pescado y pollo fueran equivalentes en la frecuencia de consumo, constituyendo 82% de la proteína animal en las comidas familiares. Pescados representan un consumo anual de alrededor de 52 kg per capita. Al menos 14 especies de pescados integraron las comidas de las familias avaluadas, con énfasis en ariacó, biquara, arraia, cavala y serra, que en conjunto concentraron el 76% de los registros. El pescado de origen marina es considerado una importante fuente de proteína animal, como base económica para las familias de Emboaca. El estudio indica que los pobladores de la comunidad se mantienen resistentes y resilientes ante a los cambios regionales impulsados por el turismo creciente y las adversidades impuestas por la pandemia del COVID-19. Concluimos que la pesca artesanal y el consumo de peces marinos son fuertes agregadores comunitarios, fundamentales para mantener la seguridade alimentar y las prácticas culturales locales.
Kekerasan Intelektual dalam Sejarah Peradaban Islam
Authors: Agustiansyah Agustiansyah , Fuadi Zainul , Putrawan Agus Dedi
Published: February 2023

Paper ini mengangkat kajian tentang Imam Ahmad Ibn Hanbal dalam mempertahankan argumentasinya di tengah kebijakan Mihnah yang diberlakukan  khalifah Abasiyah (Makmun, Mu’tasim dan Watsiq) di mana diketahui banyak intelektual atau ulama pada masanya menjadi korban kekerasan dan penyiksaan oleh khalifah, ada yang langsung berubah sikap dan pendapatnya, namun berbeda dengan sang imam yang sangat konsisten dengan pendapat dan argumenya. Imam Ahmad bin Hambal merupakan salah seorang intelektual islam, ulama besar yang sampai hari ini mazhabnya berkembang di seluruh penjuru dunia. Tidak dipungkiri bahwa latar belakang sosial politik merupakan bagian dari proses muncul tumbuh dan berkembangnya Mazhab Hambali hingga hari ini. Paper ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan historis, yang terkait bagaimana terjadinya kebijakan mihnah dan apa yang melatarbelakangi munculnya kekerasan dan mengapa imam Ahmad Ibn Hanbal tidak berdusta saja untuk menghindari penyiksaan (mengingat beliau adalah seorang imam mujtahid yang dapat berfatwa) disesuaikan dengan kondisi yang dialami?. Fokus Paper ini mengungkap sejarah bagaimana peristiwa intimidasi dan kekerasan yang dialami imam hanbali oleh penguasa (khalifah). Dalam menemukan jawabanya penulis mencoba melihat dari kacamatad dengan teori Relasi kuasa (power relation) yang dikembangkan oleh Michel Foucault.
‘Makkalai Thedi Maruthuvam’ scheme in Tamil Nadu: an intersectionality-based analysis of access to NCD care.
Authors: Thiagesan Rajeswaran , Soundari Hilaria , B Kalpana , Gopichandran Vijayaprasad
Published: February 2023

There are gross inequities in access to non-communicable disease (NCD) care in India. The Indian state of Tamil Nadu recently launched the “Medicine at people’s doorstep” (Makkalai Thedi Maruthuvam — MTM) scheme in which screening and medications for NCDs are delivered at people’s doorsteps. This is likely to improve geographical access to NCD services in the community. The objective of this study is to analyse the MTM scheme and recommend policy interventions for improved and equitable access to NCD services in the community. We analysed the MTM policy document using the intersectionality-based policy analysis framework. This analysis was supplemented further with literature review to enhance understanding of the various intersecting axes of inequities, such as gender discrimination, caste oppression, poverty, disabilities and geographical access barriers. The MTM policy document, while it removes the physical access barrier, does not frame the problem of NCDs from an intersectionality perspective. This can increase the chances of inequities in access to NCD services persisting despite this scheme. We also recommend interventions for the short, intermediate and long term to make NCD care more accessible. Creation of a gender, caste, class, geographical access, and disabilities disaggregated database of patients with NCDs, using this database for monitoring the delivery of MTM services, dynamic mapping of vulnerability of the target populations for delivery of MTM services and long term ongoing digital surveillance of factors inducing inequities to access of NCD services can all help reduce inequities in access to NCD care.
AMOBA: Innovation barriers of the millennial generation
Authors: Putra Febrianur Ibnu Fitroh Sukono , Haziroh Awanis Linati , Budiantoro Risanda Alirastra , Lestari Selvia Puji , Arsanda Tiara Daffa
Published: February 2023

The millennial generation is closely related to the Industrial Revolution 4.0, which focuses on digitalization and automation patterns in human life. There are six main barriers: usage perception barriers, perceived value barriers, risk barriers, tradition barriers, image barriers, and perceived cost barriers. Therefore, the role of universities is needed in encouraging the millennial generation to create more contemporary innovations. This study aims to analyze the negative impact of internal and external barriers that affect the low innovation of the millennial generation. The research method is quantitative exploratory, with a total sample of 274 respondents from various private universities in Semarang City. The sampling method used purposive sampling, and the data collection technique used a survey with a questionnaire designed in certain procedure. Analysis of research results using multiple linear regression, which in principle can address the hypothesis statistically and comprehensively. The results of this study are usage perception barriers, perceived value barriers, risk barriers, tradition barriers, image barriers, and perceived cost barriers have a negative significant effect on the low innovation level of the millennial generation. The importance of this research is to encourage university administrators to facilitate students to develop self-competence and create creative innovations.
An Evaluation of Association Rule Mining for Market Basket Analysis
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Dept of MCA,SRM Arts and Science College,Chennai, MR S.Sivakumar
Published: February 2023

Association Rule Mining (ARM) is now playing a very important role for identifying market strategies and to find out what are the items purchased consistently by various customers. ARM is a data mining function that discovers the probability of the co-occurrence of items in a collection. It is mainly used for focusing on the purchase of the items, to improve the sales strategy consistently with the help of sales transaction data and to maintain the inventory level positively. In this paper, the main objective is on the survey of association rule mining for market basket analysis. This paper provides vast detail about association rule mining which will be useful to minimize complexities of market basket analysis.
Vulnerabilidad socioambiental, agroquímicos e impactos en la salud en el corredor costero y periurbano sur de Mar del Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Authors:   CONICET - Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Molpeceres María Celeste , Loyza María Belen ,   Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Zulaica María Laura ,   Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Calderon Gabriela ,   Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mujica Camila Magali ,   Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata
Published: February 2023

En consonancia con las tendencias globales, la agricultura argentina se ha destacado en las últimas décadas por sus acelerados procesos de intensificación. Dicha situación se vincula especialmente con el llamado paquete tecnológico derivado de la Revolución Verde, ligado a propuestas tecnológicas, químicas y mecánicas, altamente dependientes de insumos como el petróleo. Como contrapartida, este enfoque implica un alto costo ambiental y social. Esta condición se verifica especialmente en la región pampeana argentina. En su interior, el partido de General Pueyrredon (PGP) es escenario de tensiones y controversias ligadas al uso de agroquímicos desde hace más de dos décadas. El presente estudio evalúa la vulnerabilidad socioambiental de la población expuesta a agroquímicos en el corredor costero y periurbano sur de Mar del Plata (PGP), Provincia de Buenos Aires, a fin de reflexionar sobre los posibles riesgos a la salud y su abordaje por parte de la gestión local. Para ello se construyó un índice de vulnerabilidad socioambiental (IVSA) que da cuenta de la capacidad de la población para prevenir, reducir o afrontar los riesgos asociados a tal exposición. Se analizaron la distribución espacial del IVSA y sus indicadores mediante un sistema de información geográfica y se identificaron las zonas más críticas. Los resultados revelan mejores condiciones del IVSA en zonas costeras próximas al ejido urbano, donde la infraestructura de servicios de saneamiento básico incide favorablemente. Este trabajo, junto con el monitoreo de las condiciones de salud, constituye un insumo para el diseño de políticas de planificación que contribuyan al desarrollo sostenible.
Elucidación del mecanismo de remoción de arsénico en disolución acuosa con residuos metalúrgicos
Authors:   Departamento de Química AnalíticaFacultad de Química AnalíticaEdificio B, Posgrado, Laboratorio 104Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, González-Chávez José Luz , Chiken Soriano Anai ,   Facultad de Química, UNAM, Martín Romero Francisco ,   Instituto de Geología, UNAM, Ceniceros-Gómez Agueda Elena ,   Facultad de Química, UNAM
Published: February 2023

En este trabajo se busca elucidar el mecanismo de remoción de arsenito con escorias mediante la evaluación de cinco materiales: A1, C1, N1 (industria del acero), M1 (industria del plomo) y M2 (industria del hierro), todos ellos con diferente área superficial, tamaño de poro, y composición química y mineralógica. Las escorias se caracterizaron físicamente, determinándose su área superficial (1.6 a 10 m2/g), tamaño de poro (6.5 a 16.8 nm) y punto de carga cero (5.5); químicamente por fluorescencia de rayos X (FRX), identificándose mayoritariamente Si, Ca y Fe, y se descartó la liberación de elementos peligrosos por lixiviación a distintos pH (5, 7 y 9). La mineralogía determinada por difracción de rayos X (DRX) muestra compuestos de hierro. La remoción de arsenito se evaluó mediante un diseño experimental 2k en muestras contaminadas sintéticamente en el laboratorio. Se evaluaron el tiempo de agitación, la cantidad de escoria y la concentración inicial de arsenito. Las condiciones óptimas de remoción fueron: 250 mg de escoria, 10 mg/L de arsenito y 60 min de agitación. La escoria C1 removió más del 90 % del arsenito inicial y se sugiere que la fijación ocurre por quimisorción en sitios heterogéneos del material, así como a través de la difusión intrapartícula. Los análisis de espectroscopía de DRX e infrarroja (IR) de la escoria después de fijar arsénico, muestran que existe una interacción directa del arsenito con el hierro.
The Design of Piecewise Integrated Composite Bumper Beam With Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Ham Seokwoo , Cheon Seong S.
Published: February 2023

In the present study, piecewise integrated composite (PIC) bumper beam for passenger cars was proposed and design optimisation process for composite bumper beam against IIHS test was carried out with the help of machine learning. Several elements in IIHS bumper FE model have been assigned to be references, in order to collect training data which, allow the machine learning model to study the method of predicting loading types of each finite element. 2-D and 3-D implementations were provided by machine learning models, which determined stacking sequences of each finite element in PIC bumper beam. It was found that the PIC bumper beam, which was designed by machine learning model has direct impact on reducing the possibility of failure as well as increasing bending strength effectively than conventional composite bumper beam. Moreover, 3-D implementation produced better results compared with 2-D implementation since it was preferable to choose loading type information which was achieved from surroundings when the target elements were located either at corner or junction of planes instead of using information came from the same plane of target.
First Study on Gyrodactylus (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) in Morocco, with Description of a New Species from Cyprinids (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae)
Authors: Shigoley Miriam Isoyi , Rahmouni Imane , Louizi Halima , Pariselle Antoine , Vanhove Maarten P.M.
Published: February 2023

To date, 41 species of Gyrodactylus have been described from Africa. However, none of these have been reported in Morocco. After identifying and examining 738 cyprinid host specimens, 26 specimens belonging to Gyrodactylus were found to parasitize the gills of nine species of Luciobarbus, Carasobarbus, and Pterocapoeta. The current study describes in detail 12 specimens of Gyrodactylus isolated from the gills of Luciobarbus pallaryi (Pellegrin, 1919) and Luciobarbus ksibi (Boulenger, 1905). Based on morphoanatomical observations, the characterization of the specimens collected suggests a species of Gyrodactylus new to science, described here as Gyrodactylus nyingiae n. sp. The new species is different from previously described gyrodactylids infecting African cyprinid hosts because it has a longer hamulus total length, a longer hamulus root, a downward projecting toe, a trapezium shaped ventral bar membrane with slightly striated median portion and small rounded anterolateral processes. This study brings the total number of Gyrodactylus spp. found in African cyprinids to four.
ЛИНЕЙНЫЕ ВОЛНЫ В ТРЁХМЕРНЫХ С ТРАТИФИЦИРОВАННЫХ ТЕЧЕНИЯХ ВРАЩАЮЩЕЙСЯ ПЛАЗМЫ В ПРИБЛИЖЕНИИ БУССИНЕСКА
Authors:   ИКИ РАН, Федотова Мария , Петросян Аракел
Published: February 2023

Развита магнитогидродинамическая теория стратифицированных течений вращающейся плазмы в поле силы тяжести в приближении Буссинеска. Учёт силы Кориолиса произведён в четырёх различных приближениях: приближение стандартной f -плоскости, приближение нестандартной f -плоскости (с учётом горизонтальной компоненты силы Кориолиса), приближение стандартной β-плоскости, приближение нестандартной β-плоскости. Получены дисперсионные уравнения магнитных инерционно-гравитационных волн, магнитострофических волн и волн магнито-Россби. В приближении β-плоскости показана эквивалентность низкочастотной волны магнито-Россби в приближении Буссинеска и в магнитогидродинамическом приближении мелкой воды.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ГАММА-ВСПЫШЕК ЗЕМНОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ, ЗАРЕГИСТРИРОВАННЫХ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТОМ GBM КОСМИЧЕСКОЙ ОБСЕРВАТОРИИ FERMI
Authors:   МФТИ, Дзюба Евгения , Позаненко Алексей ,   ИКИ РАН, Минаев Павел , Выборнов Вадим
Published: February 2023

Гамма-вспышки земного происхождения (TGF) - короткие (~100 мкс) импульсы гамма-излучения с энергией до 40 МэВ, регистрируемые приборами на околоземной орбите. В работе использованы данные эксперимента GBM космической обсерватории Fermi. Исследование TGF сопряжено с рядом проблем, одной из которых является искажение регистрируемого потока из-за эффектов мёртвого времени. Искажения вносят существенный вклад, когда скорость счёта в детекторе приближается к 1/τ, где τ - мёртвое время. Цель работы - восстановление истинного потока гамма-фотонов, падающих на детектор, т. е. оценка количества потерянных фотонов для событий TGF различной интенсивности. Такая оценка проводится непараметрическим образом на основании гипотезы, что при регистрации эффекты мёртвого времени не влияют на события с небольшими потоками, а искажения при регистрации остальных событий связаны только с эффектами мёртвого времени. Все события были разделены на пять групп по интенсивности так, чтобы суммарные интенсивности групп были приблизительно равны. Для каждой группы проведено суммирование индивидуальных кривых блеска относительно их максимума. Кривая блеска наименее интенсивной группы считалась неискажённой эффектами мёртвого времени. Cравнением кривых блеска более интенсивных группы с кривой блеска наименее интенсивной группы получены оценки количества потерянных фотонов в зависимости от интенсивности. Для наиболее интенсивных TGF потери достигают 90 % интегрального (по времени) потока.
СТЕНД ДЛЯ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ИСПЫТАНИЙ НА ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЕ МАГНИТНОГО ПОЛЯ
Authors:   МГУ, Егоров Матвей , Морозов Олег , Николадзе Георгий , Поляков Пётр , Сазонов Василий , Харабадзе Давид , Шевцов Владислав
Published: February 2023

Разработан, изготовлен и аттестован испытательный стенд для проведения испытаний изделий ракетно-космической техники на воздействие постоянного магнитного поля, а также проведены расчёты, необходимые для обеспечения заданных метрологических характеристик.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПОВЕРХНОСТЕЙ ОБЛУЧЁННЫХ ОБРАЗЦОВ ЗАЩИТНЫХ СТЁКОЛ СОЛНЕЧНЫХ БАТАРЕЙ
Authors:   МГТУ им. Н. Э. Баумана, Колонтаева Ева
Published: February 2023

Изучены радиационно-стимулированные изменения защитных покрытий солнечных батарей космических аппаратов под действием протонов с энергией 20 кэВ. Облучение проводилось в вакууме 10-4 Па при плотности потока частиц φ = 6·1010 см-2·с-1, флюенс 14 16 -2 р частиц (Φр) варьировался в диапазоне 10-10 см . Исследования поверхностей исходных и облучённых пластин из стекла К-208 методами атомно-силовой микроскопии показали, что при протонном облучении в приповерхностном слое образуются газонаполненные пузырьки. Разрушение газонаполненных пузырьков в экспериментах наблюдалось при флюенсах облучения Φр ≥ 7,0 см. Установлено, что основные изменения спектров отражения пластин К-208 при протонном облучении указанными флюенсами происходят в диапазоне длин волн 200-550 нм.
ИЗМЕРЕНИЕ ПОСТОЯННОЙ ХАББЛА ПО ВРЕМЕННЫМ ЗАДЕРЖКАМ МЕЖДУ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЯМИ SN REFSDAL
Authors:   ИКИ РАН, Круглов Алексей , Лыскова Наталья , Бакланов Петр ,   ИТЭФ
Published: February 2023

В настоящее время значения основных космологических параметров известны с очень высокой точностью. Однако недавно было обнаружено расхождение на уровне значимости примерно 3σ величины постоянной Хаббла H 0, определяющей темп расширения Вселенной в современную эпоху. Для понимания причин этого расхождения необходимо привлечение независимых подходов, способных c высокой точностью определять фундаментальные космологические параметры. Одной из таких возможностей стало использование наблюдений гравитационно линзированных систем, в частности, гравитационно линзированных сверхновых. Первая обнаруженная гравитационно линзированная сверхновая с множественными изображениями - SN Refsdal - предоставила уникальную возможность измерить значение постоянной Хаббла H 0. Как известно, запаздывание между различными изображениями сверхновой обратно пропорционально H 0, т. е. точность определения постоянной Хаббла ограничена точностью определения временной задержки между изображениями источника. На основе построенной физической модели предсверхновой, удовлетворяющей фотометрическим наблюдениям в разных фильтрах, получены уточнённые значения временных запаздываний и коэффициентов усиления между изображениями SN Refsdal. Исходя из этой информации и моделей гравитационного потенциала скопления-линзы, доступных в литературе, оценена постоянная Хаббла. Полученные результаты также могут послужить независимым тестом различных моделей распределения масс в линзе-галактике.
ОПТИКО-ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА СВЕТОПОГЛОЩАЮЩИХ НИКЕЛЬ-ФОСФОРНЫХ ПОКРЫТИЙ И ИХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ В КОСМИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМАХ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ ДЛЯ ПОДАВЛЕНИЯ РАССЕЯННОГО СВЕТОВОГО ФОНА
Authors:   АО «НИИМП-К», Марусев Дмитрий
Published: February 2023

Представлены результаты исследований оптико-физических свойств светопоглощающих покрытий на основе сплава NiP, методика их изготовления и влияние внешне воздействующих факторов. Предложено нанесение светопоглощающих никель-фосфорных покрытий на поверхности конструкционных деталей оптического тракта оптоэлектронных систем наблюдения космических аппаратов, как промышленная технология чернения.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ПРОХОЖДЕНИЯ ЧАСТИЦ ИЗ ГРУППЫ СРЕДНИХ ЯДЕР ГАЛАКТИЧЕСКИХ КОСМИЧЕСКИХ ЛУЧЕЙ ЧЕРЕЗ АТМОСФЕРУ ЗЕМЛИ
Authors:   ПГИ, Маурчев Евгений , Балабин Юрий
Published: February 2023

Сделано предположение, что при относительно высокой энергии (от 1 ГэВ/нуклон и выше) для ядер первичных космических лучей с зарядовым числом Z меньше двух повышается вероятность испытывать неупругие соударения при прохождении нижних слоёв атмосферы Земли, в ходе которых рождаются каскады вторичных частиц, способные приводить к увеличению скорости ионизации. Представлены результаты расчётов для ядер азота и кислорода, полученные при помощи программного комплекса RUSCOSMICS. Показаны оценки их вклада в скорость образования пар ионов для диапазона высот от 0 до 80 км (область нижней атмосферы) и локации, соответствующей географическим координатам Апатит (высокие широты). В результате проведённых вычислений доказано, что частицы космических лучей с Z > 2 могут значительно влиять на процесс ионообразования.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ МИГРАЦИИ ПРИМЕСИ В ПОЛИМЕРНОМ КОМПОЗИТЕ В СЛУЧАЕ НЕРАВНОМЕРНОГО РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ НАПОЛНИТЕЛЯ
Authors:   МГТУ им. Н. Э. Баумана, Мелешко Валентина
Published: February 2023

Предложен общий подход к моделированию потери массы полимерных композиционных материалов в условиях космического пространства. Рассмотрено влияние дрейфового компонента на потерю массы таких материалов при вакуумнотепловом воздействии. Установлено, что наличие дрейфовой составляющей в потоке мигрирующих в полимерном композите летучих веществ в зависимости от направления скорости дрейфа либо замедляет, либо ускоряет их выход через свободную поверхность материала в вакуум.
Outcomes of Endoscopic Tympanoplasty for Large Perforations: A Multicenter Retrospective Study in South Korea
Authors: Choi Sung-Won , Moon Il Joon , Choi Ji Eun , Kang Woo Seok , Moon In Seok , Kong Soo-Keun , Cho Hyong Ho , Lee Il-Woo , Chung Jong Woo , Hur Dong Gu , Lee Jong Dae
Published: February 2023

Objectives. Endoscopic tympanoplasty (ET) provides minimally invasive transcanal access to the middle ear and improves middle ear visibility for the treatment of tympanic membrane (TM) perforations. However, the literature on surgical outcomes for large TM perforations is lacking and limited to small series. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical benefits of ET for large TM perforations.Methods. This retrospective cohort study was conducted at nine tertiary referral hospitals in South Korea, where 252 patients who underwent ET as primary surgery from September 2019 to August 2021 were included. The outcome measures included the graft success rate and pre- and postoperative audiometric data.Results. In 239 patients, the graft success rate of ET for large or subtotal perforations was 86.2% (206 patients), while the graft failure rate was 13.8% (33 patients). The graft failure rate was directly correlated with surgical techniques, including overlay and medial or lateral underlay tympanoplasty (P=0.027). Lateral underlay tympanoplasty showed the most favorable results. Sex, laterality, etiology, site and size of perforation, operation time, and graft materials did not vary significantly between the graft success and failure groups (P>0.05). The mean air-bone gap (ABG) improved significantly in both groups (graft success group: 10.0±0.6 dB and graft failure group: 7.7±0.3 dB; P<0.001). However, the ABG improvement did not significantly differ between the groups. Analysis of covariance revealed that the postoperative 500-Hz bone conduction threshold improved after successful ET (adjusted coefficient, –11.351; 95% confidence interval, –21.491 to –1.212; P=0.028).Conclusion. This study involved the largest population to date of large TM perforations treated by ET. The study findings suggest that ET is feasible and effective in treating large TM perforations.
Expectant Management, Tendon Transfer, or Nerve Transfer Surgery for Radial Nerve Injury
Authors: Lieberdorfer Adam , Shivakumar Nirmala , Stonner Macyn M. , Brogan David M. , Ray Wilson Z. , Mackinnon Susan E. , Dy Christopher J.
Published: February 2023

Background:

After a radial nerve injury, patients must weigh a complicated set of advantages and disadvantages to observation or surgery. We conducted semistructured interviews to characterize the decision-making process that these patients undertake.

Methods:

We recruited participants who were treated with expectant management (nonoperatively), received only a tendon transfer, or received a nerve transfer. Participants completed a semistructured interview that was transcribed and coded to identify recurring themes, to describe the influence of qualitative findings on treatment decision-making.

Results:

We interviewed 15 participants (5 expectant management, 5 tendon transfer only, and 5 nerve transfer). Participants’ primary concerns were returning to work, hand appearance, regaining motion, resuming activities of daily living, and enjoying hobbies. Delayed diagnosis and/or insurance coverage led 3 participants to change treatment from nerve transfer to isolated tendon transfer. Interactions with providers early in diagnosis and treatment had strong effects on how members of the care team were perceived. The hand therapist was the primary person who shaped expectations, provided encouragement, and prompted referral to the treating surgeon. Participants valued debate among the care team members regarding treatment, provided that medical terminology was explained.

Conclusions:

This study highlights the importance of initial, collaborative care in setting expectations for patients with radial nerve injuries. Many participants named returning to work and hand appearance as primary concerns. Hand therapists were the primary source of support and information during recovery.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Solitary Radio-Opaque Lesion of Wrist (Tumoral Calcinosis) Disappears Spontaneously After Causing Acute Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Athanaselis Efstratios D. , Mylonas Theodoros , Mylonas Theodoros , Saridis Alkis , Ioannou Maria , Malizos Konstantinos N. , Karachalios Theofilos , Varitimidis Sokratis
Published: February 2023

Case:

We describe the case of a 53-year-old male patient with a history of acute carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) provoked by a radio-opaque mass on the palmar side of the wrist. Although the mass disappeared in new radiographs 6 weeks later without any intervention apart from the carpal tunnel release, excisional biopsy was conducted on the residue, revealing tumoral calcinosis.

Conclusion:

Both acute CTS and spontaneous resolution are clinical manifestations of this rare condition on suspicion of which biopsy can be avoided by following a “wait and see” strategy.
Combined Repair of Medial Meniscal Ramp Lesions and Posterior Root Tears of the Lateral Meniscus During Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Moran Jay , Homan Morgan D. , LaPrade Christopher M. , Kennedy Nicholas I. , LaPrade Robert F.
Published: February 2023

Case:

This case report describes the clinical outcomes for 2 patients who underwent a primary or revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with a combined inside-out and transtibial pullout repair for a medial meniscal ramp lesion (MMRL) and a lateral meniscus root tear (LMRT), respectively. Promising short-term outcomes were seen at the one-year follow-up for both patients.

Conclusions:

Utilization of these repair techniques can successfully treat a combined MMRL and LMRT injury at the time of primary or revision ACL reconstruction.
Cost comparison of dupilumab and omalizumab for the treatment of severe allergic asthma patients from the Brazilian private healthcare system perspective
Authors: Magro Frederico , Barbosa Aline , Taminato Alexandre , Migliavaca Celina , Federico Priscila , Tebyriçá Renata , Cançado Jose Eduardo D. , Giavina-Bianchi Pedro , Falavigna Maicon
Published: February 2023

Objective: To compare the costs of dupilumab and omalizumab for treating severe allergic asthma patients from the perspective of the Brazilian private healthcare system. Methods: Using clinical and demographic inputs from the literature, we simulated a cohort of 5,000 severe allergic asthma patients and estimated the treatment cost with omalizumab. Results: In the simulated cohort, 81.3% were female, the mean body weight was 75.1 kg (SD 13.1), and the mean serum IgE was 532 IU/mL (SD 688). All patients were eligible for treatment with dupilumab, but 830 (16.6%) were ineligible for treatment with omalizumab due to serum IgE level and/or body weight combinations, according to the product label. Over four weeks, the mean dose of omalizumab was 537 mg (SD 285). The annual mean per-patient cost for treatment with omalizumab was BRL 110,783.89 (SD 58,385.81), ranging from BRL 31,797.49 to BRL 246,643.15. The treatment cost with dupilumab is BRL 111,724.21 for the first year and BRL 107,599.91 for subsequent years. Conclusions: We observed slightly lower mean treatment costs with dupilumab than with omalizumab. However, while the treatment cost with dupilumab is fixed and predictable, the treatment cost with omalizumab is highly variable, depending on patients’ characteristics. Health managers should consider these findings for reimbursement and clinical protocol development decisions.
Uma abordagem de Análise de Decisão Multicritérios (MCDA) para identificar e priorizar critérios de tomada de decisão para tratamentos da osteoporose pós-menopausa no Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil
Authors: Mensor Luciana L. , Rosim Mariana P. , Marchesan Thiago H. M. , Rigo Deborah , Sallum Frederico , Amaral Laura
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: Identificar os principais critérios e preferências na tomada de decisão em saúde para osteoporose pós-menopausa, por três grupos de stakeholders (n=3, cada): médicos; representantes de pacientes; gestores de saúde. Métodos: Uma estrutura de Análise de Decisão Multicritério (MCDA) foi realizada para gerar priorização entre tecnologias: uma revisão da literatura formou conjuntos de critérios; um painel online validou os critérios selecionados; o método AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) atribuiu pesos de importância para cada critério, por consenso. Resultados: Os critérios avaliados foram: eficácia (fraturas clínicas, vertebrais, não vertebrais e de quadril, densidade mineral óssea), segurança (eventos adversos e tolerabilidade), conveniência (adesão e comodidade posológica) e economia (razão de custo-efetividade incremental – RCEI, custo por respondedor, impacto orçamentário e custos indiretos). Fraturas clínicas e de quadril apareceram nas primeiras posições para todos os grupos. Para os médicos, fratura de quadril (26,11%) e eventos adversos (14,64%) foram os principais critérios de priorização; para os representantes dos pacientes, fratura clínica (25,09%) e de quadril (22,84%), enquanto critérios econômicos receberam os menores pesos (1,2% a 0,98%), abaixo da comodidade posológica, por exemplo (4%). Gestores públicos priorizaram RCEI (19,44%) e fratura de quadril (16,21%). Conclusões: Os resultados apresentados têm potencial para auxiliar na tomada de decisão e priorização de tratamentos para osteoporose e estão em linha ao observado em estudos de preferência nesta área terapêutica. Embora os pesos finais tenham variado entre os grupos, os desfechos de eficácia que envolvem fraturas foram os critérios priorizados.