bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Task of Machine Tool Operators in Small and Medium Enterprises in Indonesia
Authors: Wijanarka Bernardus Sentot , Nuchron Nuchron , Rahdiyanta Dwi , Habanabakize Theopile
Published: June 2021

The needs of operators for each type of industry are different because the type and the complexity of the task is different. Small and medium-sized industries require machine operators with better capabilities than operators in large companies, thus it is necessary to identify what tasks are performed by these operators. This study aim at (1) identifying duties of machine tool operators in small and medium enterprises, and (2) identifying tasks carried out by machine tool operators in small and medium enterprises. This study used a descriptive research method. The participants were eight machine tool operators from five small and medium enterprises in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The data collection used document review, observation, questionnaires and focus group discussions. The data were analysed using descriptive analysis. The results of the study were (1) five duties done by machine tool operators are identified (maintaining safe work environment, maintaining the machine tools, analyzing the blueprint, performing machining operations, cleaning the machines and the workplace), and (2) twenty seven tasks executed by machine tool operators are identified; twenty-two knowledge and skills, seventeen behaviors, and eighteen machines, tools and equipment required by machine operators.
The Influence of Problem-Based Learning and Direct Teaching on Students’ Learning Outcomes
Authors: Raharjo Heru , Khairudin M. , Baser Jamil Abd
Published: June 2021

One of the student-centered learning methods which is able to improve the students’ learning outcomes is Problem-Based Learning (PBL). This study examined (1) the difference in the learning results of students using PBL and Direct Teaching (DT) with high and low learning motivation and creativity, (2) the influence of learning methods with motivation and creativity toward learning outcomes, and (3) the difference in the learning results of students using PBL and DT in terms of learning motivation and creativity. The subject consisted of students of Vocational High Schools or Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan N 1 Ngawen. The data analysis used an ANOVA test and a T-test. The results revealed (1) insignificantly different  learning outcomes between the use of PBL and DT, (2) insignificantly different learning outcomes with the significance of 0.652 between students with high and low motivation, (3) significantly different learning outcomes with the significance of 0.039 between students with high and low creativity, (4) influence of the interaction between learning methods with learning motivation to the  learning outcomes, (5) influence of the interaction between learning methods with creativity to the learning outcomes, (6) insignificantly different  learning outcomes between students using PBL and DT in terms of learning motivation, and (7) insignificantly different learning outcomes between students using PBL and DT in terms of creativity.
Learning Outcomes Mapping of the Three Year-Electronic Engineering Diploma in Level-5 Professional Expertise of the National Qualification Framework
Authors: Handayani Peni , Putro Trisno Yuwono , Rakhman Edi , -Ching Su Jo
Published: June 2021

The issue of enhancing national competitiveness, in ASEAN, has been strengthened since the establishment of ASEAN Economic Community in 2015. The recognition of graduate competence becomes very crucial for this era. Polytechnic as vocational higher education needs to prepare its graduates in order to compete in the job market, such as through professional certification. This study aimed at mapping the learning outcomes among graduates of the three year - diploma in Electronic Engineering in Polytechnic of Instrumentation and Electronic Control System on professional qualification based on level-5 Indonesian National Qualifications Framework Curriculum and Indonesia Industrial Standard Classification 2015. This study used a qualitative method. Data were collected through observation and interviews of the competent persons to provide related research data. The results showed that the learning outcomes of the three year diploma in Electronic Engineering were suitable for the work of the services and processing industry category. This map can be used to develop learning outcomes into a professional competence for a particular job in accordance with the qualifications of the graduate program.
Implementation of a Raspberry Pi Trainer for the Subject of Microprocessors and Microcontrollers in Vocational High Schools
Authors: Juanda Enjang Akhmad , Wahidah Nurul , Khairudin M. , Mohamed Z.
Published: June 2021

A Raspberry Pi Trainer is a tool which is able to support and facilitate the learning process of the subject of microprocessors and microcontrollers.  The objective of this study was to find out the process and the results of the implementation of a Raspberry Pi Trainer for the subject of microprocessors and microcontrollers in the expertise program of industrial electronics in vocational high schools. This study used a qualitative method. The descriptive data were resulted from the observed students’ behavior in the form of the research informants’ activities covering the domains of cognitive, psychomotor, and affective. There were 20 informants divided into two classes, 10 in class XII A and 10 in class XII B. Each class consisted of 2 males and 8 females. The results showed the Raspberry Pi Trainer was well applied in practical learning activities. The average abilities of class XII B and class XII A for the domains of cognitive, psychomotor and affective were categorized as very good, good and moderate respectively.
Cultivating Responsibilities of Vocational Teachers: A Framework for Preparing Education to Work
Authors: Nurhadi Didik , Lyau Nyan-Myau
Published: June 2021

Vocational education is responsible for preparing the needs of a global workforce to develop the country's economy. understand the role of vocational education to work properly. The question that arises is how to cultivate their responsibilities for preparing vocational education to work? The solution offered is a framework to prepare vocational education to work. This understanding is bringing education to be able to follow the manpower needs in accordance However, issues of vocational education in developing countries are a lack of link and match between education and industry, lack of relevant skills of graduates with the needs of industry owners, the lack of quality, competencies, and professionalism of vocational teachers. The quality of teachers affects the quality of students' skills so that vocational teachers need to with local and global trends. Furthermore, using a literature review, steps to cultivate teacher's responsibilities were discussed in this paper. Finally, this framework grows teachers' quality in order to support state economic development.
Effects of Self Regulatory Learning, Personal Goal Setting and Perceptions of the Teaching Profession on Literacy of Vocational Teachers
Authors: Rosada Milla Anifatul , Putro Setiadi Cahyono , Putranto Hari
Published: June 2021

Literacy of the vocational teachers can certainly improve aspects of knowledge, skills and attitudes of a person thus the main competence of teachers can be achieved. The objective of this study was to reveal the relationship and the contribution of self regulatory learning (X1), personal goal setting (X2), and perception of the teaching profession (X3) with the literacy of vocational teachers (Y). This study used a quantitative method with descriptive correlational research design. The sample of this study consisted of the students of the bachelor degree program of Electrical Engineering Education in the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang in the academic year of 2014 with 114 respondents. Data collection techniques used a questionnaire adapted using a likert scale. Data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed there was a significant relationship between X1, X2, and X3 with Y either partially or simultaneously. The ability of self regulation learning, personal goal setting, and perceptions of the teaching profession contributed 56.3% to achieving literacy of vocational teachers, with a variable sequence that contributes from high to low were self regulatory learning, perceptions of the teaching profession and personal goal setting.
The Usage Effectivity of Project-Based Interactive E-Module in Improving Students’ Achievement
Authors: Winatha Komang Redy , Abubakar Myra Mentari
Published: June 2021

One of the changes done by the government in the field of education is changing Curriculum 2006 to be Curriculum 2013. This change impacts on the change of learning paradigm, which at the beginning it was teacher-centered learning changes to be students centered learning. Therefore, the learning strategy used by teachers should be addressed to facilitate competence achievement that in the end, it will improve students' achievement. This study was aimed to identify the effectivity of project-based interactive e-module media towards students' achievement in the subject of digital simulation. This study was categorized into pre-experimental quantitative research with one group pretest-posttest design. The data analysis method used was a paired sample t-test. The results showed the significance value obtained was 0.000 which means higher than α. This means that there is an average score difference of students' achievement between before and after using the project based interactive e-module. The post-test average score is 82.65 which is higher than the average pre-test score of 43.40. It can be concluded that digital simulation learning by using the project based interactive e-module can improve the students’ achievement.
The Impact of Undergraduate Program Developers and User Participation on the Quality of School Information System
Authors: Rahayu Nur W. , Setiani Novi , Putro Hanson P. , Maureen Irena Yolanita
Published: June 2021

Developer's expertise and user participation are two critical factors of successful School Information System (SIS). Many researchers focus on user-initiated and professional SIS, while this study observes a campus-initiated SIS which involves undergraduate developers and volunteer users. We qualify the system using the System Usability Scale (SUS) and observation. The final prototype reaches an acceptable level of SUS and the outcomes among students whose GPA above 3.0 are not much different, but we recommend to find students with good grades in the supporting courses. The volunteer users come from 2 public and two private schools in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. We also examined user participation and found they were good and even excellent, although each developer may have a different standard of perceiving user participation. This study also reveals user inconsistency and interface issues were still become problematic, as changes cause the project to be overdue.
Implementation of an Authentic Assessment Model to Improve the Quality of Learning Assessment
Authors: Agustiningsih Rini , Rahdiyanta Dwi
Published: June 2021

An assessment instrument is one of the most important factors to guarantee objectivity, fairness, and accuracy in assessing the level of students' performances in the learning process. This study aims to produce an authentic assessment model in problem solving learning. The objectives of this studyare to examine: (1) the feasibility of the developed authentic assessment model in the aspects of practicality, effectiveness, and feasibility of assessment; and (2) the accuracy of the assessment results from the authentic assessment model. This study was a research and development that adopts the Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate (ADDIE) development model. The research subjects consisted of eight teachers and 44 students selected with a purposive sampling technique. This study was conducted in 4 Vocational High Schools in Yogyakarta. The research instrument validation was examined by expert judgment. The data were collected using questionnaires and observation sheets. Its data wereanalysed with descriptive statistical techniques, inter-rater reliability, inter-item correlation, and intraclass correlation.The results of the study show that (1) the developed authentic assessment model was feasible to be implemented since it fulfilled the requirements of practicality, effectiveness and implementation; and (2) the level of accuracy of the assessment results from the authentic assessment model has a very good criteria with  κ mean  of 0.978.
Socio-Economic Determinants of Students’ Academic Achievement in Building Technology in North-Central Nigeria
Authors: Salihu Yahaya Ibn , Mohd Nordin Safarin
Published: June 2021

This study investigated socio-economic determinants of students’ academic achievement in building technology in North-central Nigeria. It was a quest to probe into the incessant cases of students’ poor achievement in building technology to identify students’ determining factors. Survey research design was adopted in carrying out the study. Data were collected from 113 students on their socioeconomic attributes and their academic record. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and multiple regression analysis. The results of the study showed that building technology education in Nigeria is male dominated and majority of colleges of education students in North-central Nigeria are under 20 years. Socio-economic determinants of students’ academic achievement in building technology include gender, age, study hours, family size, stipends per month, group reading, students’ health status, credit pass in SSCE and truancy. The challenges facing building technology students in the study area include epileptic power supply, inadequate ICTs, lack of functional building technology workshop among others.
Psychological Capital, Social Support, and Career Capital of Indonesian Students in Taiwan
Authors: Jo Ching Su , Siswanto Ibnu , Febriana Rina
Published: June 2021

International experience helps people to obtain an excellent human capital which significantly plays a crucial role to predict individuals’ accomplishment both in academic and career. Therefore, this study purports to explore the psychological capital, social support, and career capital among Indonesian students who study in Taiwan. The participants consist of 120 students who were randomly selected and completed the online questionnaires. The findings of this study revealed that Indonesian students who study in Taiwan achieve an above average on their career capital, social support, and psychological capital. Furthermore, there were high and medium relationships among the three variables. It also demonstrated that students’ social support fully mediated the relationship between students’ career capital and psychological capital. Based on the research findings, conclusions and practical implications were provided.
The Usage of Mobile Application to Teach Practical Skills among Catering Students
Authors: Md Sahak Adibah Aishah , Md Yunus Melor , Abdul Rahman Abdul Wafi , Harun Hairuddin , Marwanti Marwanti , Tukiran Nor Anis Intan Aqiah
Published: June 2021

Latest educational media based on mobile application nowadays is an important tool for teaching and learning which can help to attract the students’ attention and the students will be more efficient since they can study by their own anywhere and anytime with  different situations surround them. This paper focuses on the usage of the mobile application in teaching practical skills among catering students. In line with the issues nowadays where the live demonstration is too backdated rather than use the mobile application to enhance the enjoyment of the cooking process in catering classroom. Teaching and learning with the mobile application was perceived to assist the learning process in cooking by following ways: increasing the comprehension of the cooking process and real-time to reassurance in the cooking process, enhancing the enjoyment of the cooking process and acquire new cooking skills. The findings show that the usage of mobile application is at moderate level. On the other hand, the positive implication towards students is at medium level. Overall, for this study, researchers found that the usage of mobile application among catering students was good and perceived positively towards students.
The Hypothetic Model of Integrated Production-Based Learning with the 21st Century Learning Skills in Mechanical Engineering
Authors: Yudiono Heri , Pramono Pramono , Basyirun Basyirun
Published: June 2021

Vocational education building and development must consider the needs of the industry and the demands of 21st-century skills graduates. For these two requirements, it is necessary to innovate the learning model to improve the students’ learning experience and graduates’ performance. This study aims to develop a production-based learning model that is integrated with 21st-century learning skills to improve skills in mechanical engineering. The study employed focus group discussion and experts’ judgment. This study involved the mechanical engineering lecturers, the head of laboratory at the mechanical engineering department, the head of the department of mechanical engineering, the head of mechanical engineering vocational education, the head of the mechanical laboratory at the vocational schools, mechanical engineering teachers, vocational technology education experts, and curriculum specialists. The results show that the utility, feasibility, propriety, and accuracy of the production-based learning model integrated with 21st-century learning skills met the expected criteria and could be used to improve mechanical engineering skills.
Development of Knowledge Management System of Teachers’ Competency
Authors: Saraswati Annisa , Hermadi Irman , Wijaya Sony Hartono
Published: June 2021

Teachers had a strategic role in helping achieving an educational purpose. Every teacher should have specific competencies. Sustainable quality improvement of teachers needed to get support and attention from various stakeholders including leaders at schools and government.  Therefore, a medium was required to facilitate the process of various knowledge of teacher competency which had been documented and unlimited to time and location. One of the solutions was developing a knowledge management system. The research method was adopted from Knowledge Management System Life Cycle (KMSLC) method. Results of this research was a web-based knowledge management system with features supporting the process of capturing, developing, distributing, and utilizing knowledge. Development of the knowledge management system could facilitate teachers to gain knowledge related to teachers’ competencies easily.
Interactive Animation Based Learning Media on Starter System Materials for Vocational Students
Authors: Priambodo Arif , Arifin Zainal
Published: June 2021

This study aimed at (1) developing interactive animated learning media on starter system materials for the subject of light electrical vehicle maintenance, (2) examining the effectiveness of developed media assessed from the aspects of display, program, and interactive based on students’ responses. The research model used was the development model of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) developed by Branch. This study was conducted at SMK PGRI 4 Ngawi. Instruments used to obtain data were interviews and questionnaires. Product development was validated by material experts and media experts, then was tested in small (limited) and large trials (field). The results of this development study were as follows: (1) The analysis result of developed media showed that the media is feasible to be used in learning or in a good category. (2) The results of the assessment showed that the aspects of display, program and interactivity were all in the good category.
Head-to-Head Comparison between Indonesia and Taiwan to Provide Professional Vocational Teachers in Fashion Education
Authors: Zahro Siti
Published: June 2021

Teachers must have three major components, including content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, and pedagogical content knowledge. A teacher of Technology and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) has an important role in the learning process of students in vocational education because the quality of teachers determines that of graduates of vocational schools. Therefore, the teacher candidates in TVET must have work experiences in the industry, so that they produce students who have high quality and can compete in the labour market. The teacher candidates must be prepared through a process of quality education to become professional teachers in the future. Providing professional fashion teacher candidates is not easy, for it takes a certain curriculum content and long processes. With literature review method with head-to-head approach, the paper aims to understand how to provide professional teachers for fashion department. Furthermore, the curriculum of fashion teacher candidates in Taiwan and Indonesia, the line of becoming professional TVET teacher, and future framework for establishing professional teachers in Indonesia were discussed
Implementing Multimedia-Based Integrated Learning of Concrete Construction and Entrepreneurship to Improve the Students’ Entrepreneurial Spirit
Authors: Hariyanto V. Lilik , Jaedun Amat , Rahardjo Nuryadin Eko , Ma'arif Faqih
Published: June 2021

The objectives of the study were: (1) to formulate a multimedia-based integrated learning model of concrete construction and entrepreneurship and, (2) to measure the improvement of the students’ entrepreneurial spiritby implementing this developed integrated learning model in the classroom. This study was classified as a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group design. A pretest, treatment, andposttest were presented to the experimental and control groups. This study was conducted in 8 meetings at the Stone Installation and Concrete Constructionworkshop, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Data were collected through tests to measure students' competence in entrepreneurship and Concrete Construction. The Concrete Construction skills were measured through product assessment. Testing of the validity and the reliability of the instruments used expert judgment and Cronbach Alpa respectively. Data were analyzed with a statistical t-test, with consideration of (a) the data normality, and (2) the homogeneity for the variance of each data group. This study concluded: (1) the integrated learning model was successfully formulated (2) there were positive and significant differences in the students' entrepreneurial spirit between the students treated with the developed integrated learning model and the students treated with the conventional learning model.
Development of Practice Learning Media Based on Programmable Logic Controller
Authors: Haque Md. Masudul , Jakaria Yaya
Published: June 2021

The objectives of the study were (1) to produce PLC-based Electrical Machine Practice learning media (2) to determine the performance of PLC-based Electrical Machine Practice learning media products and (3) to determine the feasibility level of PLC-based Electrical Machine Practice learning media products. This study was Research and Development which refers to the ADDIE model according to Branch. The stages in this study include analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Data collection methods used in this study were interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The instruments used in the study were the observation sheet and questionnaires. The results of this study indicated: (1) the product of learning media for Electrical Machine Practice based on PLC Schneider SR2B201FU; (2) the product of PLC-based Electrical Machine Practice learning media has good performance; (3) the product of PLC-based Electrical Machine Practice learning media has eligibility in the very feasible category to be used in learning, which is supported by the acquisition of a consecutive score of 3.65; 3.58 and 3.58 on a 4.0 scale according to the validation of material experts, media experts, and students.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗМІН МІКРОЦИРКУЛЯТОРНОЇ ЛАНКИ СИСТЕМИ КРОВООБІГУ ПРИ МЕТАБОЛІЧНОМУ СИНДРОМІ В ЗАЛЕЖНОСТІ ВІД ПОЄДНАННЯ КІЛЬКОСТІ ЙОГО ОЗНАК У ОСІБ ПОХИЛОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Коркушко О. В. , Ніколаєв Р. С. , Шатило В. Б. , Чижова В. П. , Сафонова М. І. , Самоць І. А. , Дужак Г. В. , Ковтонюк Т. І.
Published: June 2021

Дуже важливим для розуміння є те, що кількість компонентів, що входять до складу метаболічного синдрому, це фактори ризику серцево-судинних захворювань, прогресування попередніх захворювань серцево-судинної системи та змін системи мікроциркуляції. Відомо, що порушення толерантності до глюкози та порушення рівня глюкози натще є проміжними стадіями розвитку цукрового діабету. Ризик ранньої смерті від серцево-судинних захворювань у пацієнтів з проміжною стадією цукрового  діабету в кілька разів вище, ніж у здорових людей. У той же час, механізми взаємного впливу метаболічного синдрому та предіабетичних розладів на особливості мікроциркуляції сьогодні недостатньо вивчені. Цей факт і обумовив мету нашої роботи: зрозуміти роль предіабетичних порушень вуглеводного обміну при метаболічному синдромі в розвитку змін мікроциркуляції. З цією метою обстежено 142 людини різного віку. За ознакою поєднання компонентів метаболічного синдрому і предіабетичними розладами всіх пацієнтів поділили на різні групи. Найбільш виражені порушення метаболізму глюкози та мікроциркуляторної функції були виявлені у групи пацієнтів із поєднання 3–5 симптомів (гіпертонія, переддіабет, ожиріння та дисліпідемія). Більшість пацієнтів були у віці 60 років і старше. Хворі цієї групи характеризувались суттєво вищим рівнемь глюкози та порушеннями мікроциркуляції. Негативний вплив на параметри мікроциркуляції та вищий ризик гіперкоагуляції відзначено у пацієнтів 40–59 років. Ці зміни мають ще виражені ший характер у літніх людей, які мають предіабетичні зміни. Формування переддіабету при метаболічному синдромі залежить від кількості компонентів метаболічного синдрому. Враховуючи наявність предіабетичних змін на фоні метаболічного синдрому, виявлені зміни мікроциркуляції можна розуміти як ранні прояви мікроангіопатії задовго до розвитку цукрового діабету та його загрозливих для життя судинних ускладнень.
ПОРІВНЯЛЬНА ОЦІНКА АНТИГІПЕРГЛІКЕМІЧНОЇ ТА АНТИОКИСЛЮВАЛЬНОІ АКТИВНОСТІ МЕТАБОЛІТІВ СУКЦИНАТВМІСНОГО АНТИДІАБЕТИЧНОГО ЗАСОБУ
Authors: Палагіна І. А.
Published: June 2021

Новий вітчизняний антидіабетичний засіб розроблено на основі β-фенілетиламіда 2-оксисукцинанілової кислоти (β-ФЕАОСАК). Основним механізмом його дії є пригнічення оксидативного стресу, стимуляція біоенергетичної активності мітохондрій та зниження неферментативного глікозилювання. Метаболітами першої фази біотрансформації β-ФЕАОСАК є 2-гідроксифеніл- (2-ГФСА) і β-фенілетилсукцинамід (β-ФЕСА), які можуть відігравати певну роль у механізмі антидіабетичної дії цієї сполуки.

Мета дослідження — оцінити антиокислювальний та антигіперглікемічний потенціал 2-гідроксифеніл- та β-фенілетилсукцинаміда порівняно з їх вихідною сполукою – β-фенілетиламідом 2-оксисукцинанілової кислоти.

Антигіперглікемічну активність сполук визначали в тесті толерантності до глюкози на щурах, яким вводили 2-ГФСА і β-ФЕСА перорально в дозах 17 мг/кг м.т., 18 мг/кг м.т, які еквімолярні ефективній дозі β-ФЕАОСАК, що дорівнює 25 мг/кг м.т. Рівень глікемії оцінювали за показниками базальної глікемії та площі під глікемічною кривою. Дослідження антиокислювальної активності метаболітів β-ФЕАОСАК проведено in vitro на суспензії жовточних ліпопротеїдів шляхом визначення вмісту активних сполук, що реагують з тіобарбітуровою кислотою, у системі з антиоксидантом та без нього. Досліджені концентрації сполук в інкубаційному середовищі знаходились в діапазоні 25–500 мкМ. β-ФЕАОСАК служила сполукою порівняння, яку застосовували у таких же концентраціях.

Встановлено, що 2-ГФСА та β-ФЕСА, як і β-ФЕАОСАК, не проявляють антигіперглікемічної активності в тесті толерантності до глюкози. Метаболіти β-ФЕАОСАК in vitro в умовах їх ізольованого надходження демонструють помірно виражений антиокислювальний ефект, який за умов їх комбінованої дії посилюється та має адитивну залежність у певному діапазоні концентрацій. За ступенем антиоксидантної активності β-ФЕСА достовірно перевершує інший метаболіт в діапазоні концентрацій 100–250 мкМ. Проте обидва метаболіти, навіть при сумісному впливі, поступаються за ступенем сумарної антиокислювальної активності β-ФЕАОСАК, яка є їх вихідною сполукою.

Отже, метаболіти першої фази біотрансформаціі β-фенілетиламіда 2-оксисукцинанілової кислоти 2-гідроксифенілсукцинамід та β-фенілетилсукцинамід, не виказують антигіперглікемічної активності, але in vitro проявляють антиоксидантну дію та роблять певний внесок у прояв антиокислювального ефекту їх вихідної сполуки.
МЕНОПАУЗАЛЬНИЙ МЕТАБОЛІЧНИЙ СИНДРОМ: ПОГЛЯД ЕНДОКРИНОЛОГА
Authors: Чернявська І. В. , Микитюк М. Р.
Published: June 2021

Мета огляду — узагальнити сучасні знання про менопаузальний метаболічний синдром (ММС) і обґрунтувати необхідність застосування комплексного персоніфікованого командного підходу для курації жінок із цією патологією. В огляді представлено багатофакторний вплив обмінно-ендокринних порушень, характерних для періоду інволюції репродуктивної системи у жінок, які сприяють розвитку ММС і погіршують його перебіг. Третина життя сучасної жінки припадає на пери- і постменопаузу. Недооцінка вікових особливостей функціонування репродуктивної системи може призводити як до гіпердіагностики і невиправданим лікувальним заходам, так і до несвоєчасного виявлення латентної гінекологічної патології. Клімактерій — оптимальний період для оцінки загального стану здоров'я жінки і розробки заходів, метою яких є підготовка жінки до фізіологічних змін, асоційованих з менопаузою. Командний підхід дає можливість оптимізувати процеси діагностики і лікування ММС, забезпечити кращий результат і дозволяє лікарю досягти експертного рівня в вирішенні конкретної проблеми. Головний принцип курації жінок із ММС — це комплексний і персоніфікований підхід за участі команди спеціалістів різного профілю (лікар загальної практики-сімейної медицини, ендокринолог, дієтолог, кардіолог, гінеколог, психоневролог), визначення сумісно з пацієнткою реальних цілей, компенсації проявів синдрому і моніторинг факторів ризику і/або супутніх захворювань.
Volatilidad y COVID-19: evidencia empírica internacional
Authors: Gómez Rodríguez Tomás , Ríos Bolívar Humberto , Zambrano Reyes Adriana
Published: June 2021

Se estudió la relación entre los efectos de la pandemia de COVID-19 y la volatilidad realizada. Además, se analizó el posible nexo entre las medidas de mitigación y contención adoptadas por los gobiernos y la volatilidad realizada. El período de estudio abarca del 2 de febrero de 2020 al 28 de agosto del mismo año. Este período a su vez se dividió en catorce muestras dos para cada mes, lo que dio origen a los catorce paneles no balanceados usados en las estimaciones. El método de estimación utilizado es Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios con efectos fijos de dos vías y el método de Mínimos Cuadrados Generalizados Estimados (EGLS) con efectos aleatorios de una vía (período). Se utilizaron datos de volatilidad realizada de sesenta y cinco de los principales índices bursátiles. Los resultados exhiben evidencia que apoya la existencia de una relación estadística significativa entre las medidas de contención y mitigación y la volatilidad realizada, principalmente en los meses de febrero y marzo, sin embargo, no se encontró uniformidad en los resultados. Por otro lado, no se encontró evidencia suficiente a favor de la existencia de una relación positiva entre los efectos de la pandemia COVID-19 y la volatilidad realizada.
Public Deficits in USMCA Economies During the COVID-19 Economic Crisis
Authors: Vázquez Muñoz Juan Alberto , Muller Durán Nancy Ivonne , Zavaleta González Josué
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to evaluate the fiscal policy implemented by the USMCA economies to deal with the COVID-19 economic crisis. We estimate the economic capacity (potential output) and the Cyclical Primary Balance as a percentage of GDP (CPB) of each of the scrutinized economies. Then we obtain the Cyclical Adjusted Primary Balance as a percentage of GDP (CAPB) as the difference between the Primary Balance (PB) and the CPB. Unlike previous CPB estimations, we obtain the potential output reference as the Economic Capacity methodology (Shaikh and Moudud, 2004), which overcome some alternative methodologies problems. According to our empirical analysis, an asymmetric fiscal policy stands across USMCA economies. Canada and the United States are using a countercyclical fiscal policy, while Mexico uses a procyclical one. Mexico should abandon its current fiscal policy, implement an alternative to support households and firms during crisis periods, and execute a progressive fiscal reform. Our paper's limitation is that we use PB and not its components to estimate the CPB; however, we use a more extended time series, contributing to obtaining more robust results.
Afectaciones financieras en los principales países de América Latina con mayores registros de COVID-19
Authors: Olivares Aguayo Héctor Alonso
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de la investigación es determinar las afectaciones que ha causado la pandemia COVID-19 en los principales mercados de América Latina (Brasil, Argentina, Colombia y México). Se realiza un análisis del Valor en Riesgo a diferentes niveles de confianza para la conformación de portafolios de inversión óptimos del tipo Markowitz y Sharpe en los componentes del BOVESPA, S&P Merval, COLCAP y S&P BMV/ IPC. Los resultados muestran que para ambos tipos de portafolios las mayores pérdidas esperadas las tiene el mercado argentino y las menores el mexicano. Por lo que de las economías analizadas en esta investigación es más recomendable invertir en el mercado accionario de México. Como limitación se asume el supuesto de rendimientos gaussianos. El trabajo es original porque los datos históricos diarios consideran el periodo del COVID-19. Se concluye que, a pesar, que Brasil es el país con mayor número de contagios por COVID-19 de América Latina, con base en la métrica de Valor en Riesgo, Argentina es el más afectado financieramente y México el menor.
La pandemia Covid-19, la crisis financiera y la dinámica (Overshooting) del tipo de cambio
Authors: Landa Díaz Heri Oscar , Cerezo García Verónica
Published: June 2021

Nuestro objetivo es analizar la dinámica del tipo de cambio ante las políticas expansivas adoptadas por varios países para confrontar choques exógenos durante el periodo 2000:01-2020:03. Nuestros resultados, fundamentados en un modelo ARDL y funciones de impulso-respuesta, confirman la presencia de overshooting en Corea, México, Reino Unido y Estados Unidos. En Alemania, Japón y Brasil no encontramos evidencia de overshooting, probablemente debido al carácter semifijo del euro, la reprimarización de la economía brasileña y el estancamiento con deflación de Japón. Nuestra contribución original y conclusión más importante consiste en que las políticas expansivas para paliar la crisis financiera de 2007/08 y la inducida por el Covid-19 afectan la dinámica del tipo de cambio, lo cual implica efectos significativos en: la deuda externa, la hoja de balance de los sectores institucionales, la balanza de pagos y el crecimiento económico. Es recomendable que los gobiernos adopten medidas para contrapesar estos desequilibrios. Las limitaciones de nuestro estudio estriban en que, por ausencia de suficientes datos, no estimamos la magnitud del impacto del overshooting inducido por la pandemia en estas últimas variables.
Metodología de estimación agregada "gruesa" de los ingresos fiscales
Authors: Ortega-Laurel Carlos , Simental-Franco Víctor Amaury
Published: June 2021

Aportar a las subáreas de estimaciones fiscales-tributarias del área de finanzas públicas, una “metodología de estimación gruesa” aprovechando la estadística histórica de los ingresos, es el objetivo. A través del método de caso, se realiza el análisis y discusión de experiencias y situaciones fiscales de la Ciudad de México. Como resultado se obtiene la metodología, apoyada en el arreglo polinómico para funciones tabulares de recaudación por Interpolación con diferencias divididas de Newton. Se recomienda el uso de la metodología para la proyección y el análisis de los ingresos fiscales-tributarios en “entes” con autosuficiencia financiera. Se ubica como la principal limitación para la aplicación de la metodología, que la recaudación está centralizada y no hay autosuficiencia financiera en diversos “entes”. Esta investigación es original dado que aporta una metodología de trabajo al área de estimaciones fiscales de las finanzas públicas. Se concluye que, es factible utilizar la metodología propuesta para realizar estimaciones de los ingresos fiscales-tributarios, considerando como dato la estadística histórica de tales, que ha internalizado los efectos de las variables económicas.
Decisiones fiscales, crecimiento económico y desigualdad del ingreso
Authors: Marroquín-Arreola Juan , Ríos Bolívar Humberto
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar de qué manera los instrumentos de política fiscal influyen en el crecimiento y en la desigualdad del ingreso en México. Para lo cual se presentan los antecedentes teóricos y se utiliza un modelo de crecimiento endógeno que incorpora variables fiscales. Asimismo, se estima un modelo econométrico mediante la técnica de datos de panel. Los resultados empíricos muestran que; el gasto corriente no impacta al crecimiento económico; los impuestos directos ejercen un impacto negativo en el crecimiento, mientras que los impuestos indirectos no arrojan resultados significativos en el modelo; el gasto corriente contribuye a reducir la desigualdad; los impuestos directos contribuyen a una reducción de la desigualdad, mientras que los impuestos indirectos contribuyen a aumentarla. La originalidad y principal contribución de este trabajo radica en su enfoque por entidad federativa considerando aspectos redistributivos. La limitante de este tipo de estudios se debe a la escasez los datos fiscales en algunas entidades federativas. Se recomienda considerar otras variables para determinar el causal entre eficiencia y equidad cuando se determinan variables fiscales.
Detrimental Effects of Online Pro–Eating Disorder Communities on Weight Loss and Desired Weight: Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Feldhege Johannes , Moessner Markus , Bauer Stephanie
Published: June 2021

Background

Online pro–eating disorder (pro-ED) communities are considered harmful because of their detrimental effects on their users’ body dissatisfaction, dieting, and help seeking. To date, it is unknown to which extent participation in pro-ED communities affects users’ body weight and desired weight loss.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the changes in the current and desired body weight of users of a pro-ED community (r/proed) on the social media website Reddit over time.

Methods

Data on 1170 users and the unsolicited weight information they shared with the pro-ED community were collected over a period of 15 months. Linear growth models were used to model changes in the users’ current and desired BMI over time.

Results

Both current and desired BMI decreased over time, with a predicted rate of 0.087 and 0.015 BMI points per week, respectively. Weight loss was moderated by the users’ activity level in the community, with more active users losing more weight. Users with a higher baseline BMI experienced greater weight loss, but even users with a very low baseline weight (BMI <17 kg/m2) lost weight during their participation. In addition, users decreased their desired weight over time, with many pursuing extremely low, unrealistic weight goals. Changes in the desired weight were moderated by the baseline current BMI and baseline desired BMI. Users with higher desired weight and lower body weight at baseline decreased their desired weight more over time.

Conclusions

This is the first study to demonstrate the detrimental effects of pro-ED communities in a longitudinal study based on a large data set of user-generated online data. The results extend the literature detailing the harmful effects of online pro-ED communities by showing users’ weight loss, decreases in desired weight, and that higher activity levels lead to greater weight loss. Users could be driven to pursue very low, unrealistic weight loss goals by images of very thin bodies presented in these communities.
Digital health services during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study among Chinese men who have sex with men (Preprint)
Authors: Xiong Yuan , Xie Yewei , Jiang Hongbo , Shen Guangquan , Zhou Yi , Lin Kaihao , Yan Yao , Tucker Joseph , Wu Dan , Tang Weiming
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

In early 2020, many HIV and sexual health clinics shut down or only provided limited services because of COVID-19. How to ensure high-quality HIV and sexual health services for MSM during emergency responses is a critical challenge. This study evaluates Chinese MSM medical seeking behaviors before and during COVID-19 measures and explores the use of digital health (e.g., health information, online consultation, WeChat-based virtual hospitals) during the COVID-19 measures.

OBJECTIVE

MSM have sub-optimal healthcare seeking for health problems due to fear of unintentional disclosure of sexual orientation, fear of discrimination by healthcare workers. Digital health provides a comfortable alternative and is gaining popularity among MSM for both general and sexual health problems. This paper examines how MSM use digital health for common health issues and whether COVID-19 have any effects on their use of digital health.

METHODS

Data were collected from a nationwide online survey between 18 May to 2 June of 2020, a period when lockdown in China was easing. Men who ever had sex with another man, were 18 years or older, and assigned as male at birth were eligible. Survey collected information on health seeking behavior and use of digital health in three months before and during COVID-19 measures (23 January 2020). Variables that may associate with digital health use were evaluated.

RESULTS

Among 731 men (age: 29.2±7.3) recruited, most were never married (86.5%, 632/731), and identified as gay (81.7%, 597/731). The proportion of men who sought offline medical services at hospitals decreased from 49.1% (359 /731) before COVID-19 measures to 30.2% (221/731) during COVID-19 measures (P<0.001). Half (50.8%, 371/731) of the participants ever used digital health before COVID-19 and 35.6% (260/731) used it during the pandemic. Only 27% (197/731) reported that digital health services met their medical needs in general during the pandemic. Men living with HIV (AOR=1.92, 95%CI: 1.08-3.45) were more likely to use digital health during COVID-19 measures.

CONCLUSIONS

COVID-19 affected access to facility-based medical services. MSM were able to use some digital health services when facility-based services were not available. Further research is needed to optimize digital health services.
An Analysis of Health Care Team Communication Needs Among Younger vs Older Breast Cancer Survivors: Web-Based Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Vollmer Dahlke Deborah , Yoshikawa Aya , McAdam Molly , Malatok Sharyn , Gonzales Elaine D
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Prior studies indicate that the age of onset of breast cancer is an important element in considering communication between patients and the health care team. Younger women aged 45 and under diagnosed with breast cancer are often at a higher risk of being more vulnerable to psychosocial issues compared to older women aged 46 years and above. Few studies have examined age differences in patient perceptions of treatment-related discussion and communication during transition with their health care team.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this survey were (1) to better understand breast cancer survivors’ perspectives regarding communication with health care providers during treatment and during transition to posttreatment care; and (2) to determine the differences between younger women with breast cancer (≤45 years of age) and older women (≥46 years of age). It was hypothesized that (1) breast cancer survivors’ psychosocial and finance-related communications with health care providers may lack effectiveness; (2) younger women experience greater needs for patient-centered communication with physicians and health care providers, especially about psychosocial care and transition to posttreatment care; and (3) younger breast cancer patients (≤45 years of age) need more information on survivorship and follow-up care.

METHODS

An internet-based survey was conducted with 143 women in Central Texas with 35% (n=50) aged 45 years or under and 65% (n=93) aged 46 years and above. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed to assess differences in participants’ perceptions about communication with health care providers by age group: younger (≤45 years of age) and older (≥46 years of age) women.

RESULTS

Statistically significant results pertained to rating health care team and patient discussions about transition from treatment to posttreatment using scores of 0 as “no discussion” and 100 as “in-depth discussion.” For the questions about management of posttreatment care, the overall mean score of the groups was 56.26 and that of the younger group was 43.96; the mean score of the older group was 61.96 (P=.02). For the question about the timing of follow-up appointments, the overall mean score was 64.29; the mean score of the younger group was 54.44, and that of the older group was 68.88 (P=.05). All the group scores related to psychosocial and financial support discussions with health care providers were low, with a rollup average of only 30.02 out of 100, suggesting that this is an important area for improving patient-centered communication.

CONCLUSIONS

For all patients, transition from treatment to posttreatment requires a greater level of engagement and communication with the health care team. It appears that younger patients aged ≤45 years require more in-depth and personalized messaging to better understand their posttreatment care requirements.
Менеджмент симптоматичної епілепсії після оперативного втручання у зв’язку з фармакорезистентністю
Authors: Dubenko A.Ye. , Naboka M.V.
Published: June 2021

Питання менеджменту хворих, які були прооперовані з приводу фармакорезистентності, не є розробленим не тільки в Україні, а й у всьому світі. Але такі хворі існують, їх кількість зростає, і неврологам, які їх спостерігають, потрібно розуміння цього процесу. На сьогодні недостатньо доказової бази для обґрунтування раціональних рекомендацій щодо тактики післяхірургічного медикаментозного лікування. Незважаючи на те, що класифікація ILAE та класифікація, яку раніше запропонував J. Engel Jr, мають дуже багато рубрик, що свідчать про покращення стану хворих та можливе покращення якості їх життя, вдалим лікування, що досягло контролю нападів, можна вважати лише в тих пацієнтів, які відповідають кваліфікаційному пункту 1 згідно з класифікацією ILAE або ІА згідно з класифікацією Engel, і тільки в тих осіб, які відповідають цим критеріям протягом не менше одного року. Це розуміння є дуже важливим для подальшого вибору терапевтичної тактики. З огляду на те, що внаслідок хірургічного лікування має бути подолана фармакорезистентність, подальше медикаментозне лікування має проводитися так само, як і у хворих без фармакорезистентної епілепсії. Питання менеджменту хворих на епілепсію, які отримали хірургічне лікування у зв’язку з фармакорезистентністю, потребує подальшої розробки, особливо в умовах збільшення кількості таких хворих. Автори визначають, що всі питання та положення, що були викладені в роботі, мають дискусійний характер і можуть бути кореговані залежно від клінічної ситуації.