bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Code Optimization Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Simonyan Julieta , Ohanyan Heghine
Published: January 2025

Key words: reinforcement learning, Q-learning, performance, resource-intensive applications, Python, clustering, automation, performance improvement, Python libraries

This article explores modern methods for code optimization using machine learning (ML) algorithms, with particular attention to reinforcement learning (RL) techniques. As software systems grow increasingly complex, RL algorithms such as Q-learning and Deep Q-learning provide significant advantages for enhancing application performance through the automation of the optimization process and adaptation to specific runtime conditions. The focus is placed on key optimization metrics, including time and space complexity, code modularity, and function call frequency, which are especially relevant for resource-intensive and high-performance applications. A comprehensive design approach is proposed, incorporating data collection, feature extraction, and code classification through clustering techniques, establishing a solid foundation for RL-based optimization strategies. Using Python and its libraries, such as NumPy and Matplotlib, RL algorithms are implemented and tested within a controlled environment, enabling an evaluation of their practical efficacy. Experimental results demonstrate reduced resource consumption and improved execution time, affirming the potential of RL for code enhancement. Furthermore, the article discusses prospects for applying RL to code optimization across various fields, opening avenues for future research in hybrid approaches that integrate traditional optimization techniques with ML and RL.
Invasive Teak Defoliator Hyblaea puera Outbreak Threatens Mangrove Ecosystems in Kerala, India: Implications for Biodiversity and Coastal Resilience
Authors: K. Abdul , S. Prakash , K. Pooja , T. Manjula
Published: January 2025

Mangroves play a vital role in coastal resilience by supporting biodiversity, preventing soil erosion, and sustaining local livelihoods. This study reports the first major outbreak of the invasive moth Hyblaea puera (teak defoliator) on mangroves in Kannur and Kasaragod Districts, Kerala, India. The larvae caused severe defoliation of Avicennia officinalis, Kerala's dominant mangrove species, leaving vast areas with a burned appearance. This infestation threatens the ecological and socio-economic value of mangroves, impacting their protective functions and local biodiversity. Similar outbreaks have occurred in Maharashtra's Airoli and Vashi Creek, primarily affecting Avicennia marina. The epidemic-level infestation in Kerala was noted in 2024, especially during monsoon and post monsoon months, with larvae also targeting species like Acanthus ilicifolius, Bruguiera cylindrica, Derris trifoliata, Derris trifoliata, Rhizophora mucronata, and Volkameria inermis. Pest identification was confirmed via mitochondrial COI gene sequencing. Natural predators, including birds, snails, spiders, and parasitoids, were observed, indicating potential for biological control. Future studies will focus on assessing the ecological impact and exploring management strategies like biological control, chemical treatments, and physical removal to protect mangrove ecosystems in Kerala, India.
Analisis Tindak Tutur Lokusi pada Video Pembelajaran Cara Berpikir Kritis melalui Kanal YouTube Latih Logika
Authors: Arina Izzata Amalina  , Auliana Fathiya Hanim  , Lingga Dwi Andika  , Moch. Yusuf Ilham Noer  , Siti Rizkia Latifa  , Wahidah Mustaqimah  , Asep Purwo Yudi Utomo  , Ermawati. S
Published: January 2025

Locutionary speech acts are one type of speech act that focuses on a meaning contained in a sentence. This study is based on how speakers in their pronunciation do not give a little emphasis to each utterance that is uttered. The purpose of this study focuses on locutionary speech acts which describe the intent and form of locutionary speech acts in the YouTube channel Latih Logika. In the approach process in this study, using data collection methods and using the techniques of similan, libas, bebas, andcakap at the data analysis stage, using the agih and padan methods. While the data analysis presentation techniques applied in this study are formal and informal. In this study, several locutionary speech acts, question locutions, command locutions, and news locutions were produced. In 12 videos on the YouTube channel Latih Logika contains 235 speech acts of news, 49 speech acts of questions, and 50 speech acts of commands with a total data of 334. By conducting this research, the author hopes that this research can provide quite extensive benefits for readers or other researchers as a reference source and source of reference regarding locutionary speech acts.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Penyelenggaraan Ibadah Haji Menggunakan Model Hajjsequal Pada Jemaah Haji Provinsi Daerah Khusus Jakarta
Authors: Hutomo Yoga Tri , Fathurahman Heri
Published: January 2025

Kepuasan pelayanan publik terhadap pelayanan pemerintah masih banyak digunakan dan berguna untuk memberikan informasi kepada pembuat kebijakan mengenai ruang yang mungkin untuk perbaikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kualitas pelayanan dalam penyelenggaraan ibadah haji menggunakan model Hajjsequal pada Jemaah haji Provinsi Daerah Khusus Jakarta. Penelitian menggunakan mixed methods yaitu pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Teknik pengolahan data menggunakan metode survei dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada responden yang memenuhi kriteria populasi dan sampel penelitian. Responden yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah 193 Jemaah haji di wilayah Provinsi Daerah Khusus Jakarta. Metode pengambilan sampel adalah probability sampling dengan teknik simple random sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif untuk mengetahui tingkat kualitas pelayanan dalam penyelenggaraan haji dari sudut pandang Jemaah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Penilaian kualitas penyelenggaraan ibadah haji 2024 untuk Jemaah Haji Provinsi Daerah Khusus Jakarta menggunakan model Hajjsequal mencakup lima dimensi: kesehatan, bimbingan, akomodasi, transportasi, dan fasilitas lainnya. Untuk seluruh dimensi harus menjadi perhatian pemerintah agar kepuasan Jemaah dapat meningkat.
Analisis Pengaruh Self-Esteem, Locus Of Control dan Organizational Citizenship Behavior Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Di Fakultas Ekonomi & Bisnis Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Dengan Employee Engagement Sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Annik Khoirunnissak  , Ayudya Arifatur Niza  , Permata Rizka Melati
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the influence of Self Esteem, Locus of Control, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) on employee performance at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Ahmad Dahlan University, Employee Engagement is examined as a moderating variable. Employing a quantitative approach with a sample of 32 employees, the study found that Self-Esteem has a significant positive impact on employee performance. However, Locus of Control and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) did not exhibit significant effects. Employee Engagement was found to moderate the relationship between Self-Esteem and performance, emphasizing the crucial role of employee involvement in maximizing performance. The findings imply that organizations should focus on enhancing both Self-Esteem and Employee Engagement to optimize performance. Furthermore, the study suggests the need for further exploration of the roles of Locus of Control and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in the context of employee performance.
Ep 20 - A New Frontier in AI Sovereignty
Authors: Titus Alexander
Published: January 2025

I remember the first time I heard the term

sovereign AI

. It was one of those buzzwords that feels equal parts thrilling and ominous—a promise of autonomy wrapped in the shadow of isolation. Now, it’s a concept reshaping not just how nations think about technology but how they define themselves in a world where identity increasingly lives in code. The United States just made its stance clear.
Mapeamento das principais técnicas agroecológicas utilizadas na agricultura
Authors: Coelho Lins Luama Soraia , Freire Barbosa Anna Christina , Batista dos Santos Carlos Alberto , Silva de Lira Kalline Flávia , Diniz Michely Correia
Published: January 2025

As práticas usuais de cultivo e manejo da terra têm sofrido mudanças nos últimos tempos, impulsionadas pela necessidade de maior sustentabilidade ambiental. O objetivo deste estudo foi mapear as principais técnicas agroecológicas presentes na literatura, utilizando a plataforma Scielo e selecionando periódicos open access. Por meio de uma revisão sistemática integrativa da literatura, foram utilizados termos de pesquisa como agroecologia e agricultura familiar; agroecologia e agroindústria; agroecologia e sustentabilidade; agroecologia e manejo; e agroecologia e cultivo, com um corte temporal de dez anos. Foram analisados estudos que destacaram diferentes abordagens, algumas com metodologias similares. De modo geral, houve um esforço consistente em evidenciar a sustentabilidade nas práticas adotadas, especialmente no contexto da agricultura familiar. As práticas enfatizaram a redução de insumos externos, o manejo integrado de culturas e solo, e o controle biológico de pragas e doenças, visando minimizar impactos ambientais. Os sistemas agroflorestais e a capina manual foram identificados como as técnicas mais citadas, reforçando sua relevância para os sistemas agroecológicos analisados. Além disso, observou-se que essas práticas têm contribuído significativamente para a preservação da biodiversidade e a manutenção da fertilidade do solo. Infere-se que essas técnicas são fundamentais para promover a sustentabilidade agrícola e fortalecer os princípios da agroecologia.
THE IMPACT OF WEBSITE DESIGN ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND PURCHASE INTENTION
Authors: TOMIĆ Tamara , LAVRNIĆ Igor , Viduka Dejan
Published: January 2025

As e-commerce continues to grow, businesses are realizing the significance of having a strong online presence through well-designed websites. This study aims to establish a comprehensive understanding of the key factors that contribute to website quality and their importance from the consumer's perspective. The main objectives of this research are to identify and prioritize these factors. To achieve this, a questionnaire was distributed among a younger demographic, and participants were asked to rate the importance of 11 parameters related to website quality. The data collected from the survey were analyzed using various statistical tests, including descriptive statistics, Chi-square independence test, and factor analysis. These tests were employed to rank the parameters, examine the influence of gender on respondents' answers, identify areas of disagreement among participants, and determine if certain parameters could be grouped together. The quality of a web page is greatly influenced by various features, including its layout, visual complexity, colorfulness, user-friendliness, speed of processing visitor requests, and reliability. To analyze these features, a feature vector was created. Conducted as exploratory descriptive research, this study utilized a survey to gather data from 117 participants across different social networks. The research encompasses both qualitative and quantitative stages. The qualitative phase aims to identify variables that impact consumer engagement in social commerce, while the quantitative phase involves data collection, validation, and analysis.
THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF HYDROLOGICAL SERVICES IN MENDALAM SUB WATERSHED, KAPUAS HULU REGENCY, WEST KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA
Authors: Roslinda Emi , Yuliantini Yuliantini
Published: January 2025

Forest ecosystem supports almost all of  the needs of  human being through its contribution of  tangible and intangible values.  Currently, the intangible values have gained less attention than the tangible values that cause  underestimation of  the total value of  the forest conversion into other more tangibly profitable usages, and miss-management of  the forest. One of  the important intangible values is the hydrological value that has been hardly calculated until now.  This research the intangible values of  water for household, transportation, agriculture and fishing in Mendalam Sub Watershed, Kalimantan. The economic values calculated based on market prices, opportunity costs and consumer’s surplus methods. The results showed that based on the    opportunity cost method the economic values of  the hydrological services was about Rp 8,043,706,237.50 per year. Meanwhile, the economic values of  the hydrological services based on the consumer’s surplus method gave lower value than the former method, i.e. Rp 8,031,351,664.60 per year. This study showed that the economic value of  the hydrological services was very high, which has not been included in the calculation yet. However, without trees there would be no forest and all other values included water value would not exist. Consequently, current forest management should put forest ecosystem as important to consider.
SOME PROBLEMS IN MAINTAINING SUSTAINABILITY OF INDONESIA'S FORESTS: DESCRIPTIVE STUDY
Authors: Handoko Cecep
Published: January 2025

Indonesia's forests have economic, social, and environmental benefits. Some national efforts, as well as support from the global community for sustaining forest development in Indonesia have been done. However, some problems were still reported during the implementation of the forest development. Thorough analysis was needed to formulate the root of the problems, and to identify solutions/supports to the current forest development to achieve its sustainability. Descriptive analysis was used in this study. The results indicated that sustainable forest development in Indonesia was still faced with the problems of uncertainty of management, insufficient management capacity, and lack of law enforcement. These conditions were indicated by high conflict of interests as well as lack of support from stakeholders, not enough forest management actions at site-level, and high forest degradation. Aiming at overcoming problems of sustainable forest development and maintaining sustainability of Indonesia's forest, national forest management needs to embrace more space for communication, openness, mutual learning, collaboration in addressing forest conflicts, and determining the future direction of its sustainability goal of management.
ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS DISTINGUISHER FOR AGARWOOD QUALITIES
Authors: Pasaribu Gunawan Trisandi , Waluyo Totok K. , Pari Gustan
Published: January 2025

Gaharu (Agarwood) is described as a fragrant-smelling wood that is usually derived from the trunk of the genus Aquilaria and Gyrinops (both of  the family Thymelaeaceae), which have been infected by a particular disease.  Based on Indonesian National Standard, agarwood can be classified into various grades, i.e. gubal gaharu, kemedangan and serbuk gaharu.  The grading system is based on the color, weight and odor.  It seems that such a grading is too subjective for agarwood classification.  Therefore, to minimize the subjectivity, more objective agarwood grading is required, which incorporates its chemical composition and resin content.  This research was conducted focusing on the analysis of  the particular grade of  agarwood  originating from West Sumatra.  The different types of  agarwood qualities are: kemedangan C, teri C, kacangan  C and super AB.  Initially, the obtained agarwood samples were grounded to powder, extracted on a Soxhlet extractor using various organic solvents (i.e. n-hexane, acetone, and methanol).  The agarwood-acetone extracts were analyzed using GC-MS to determine its chemical composition.  The results showed a positive, linier relationship in which the resin yield increased with the increase in agarwood quality grades. GC-MS analysis revealed that several sesquiterpene groups can be found in kemedangan C, teri C, kacangan C and super AB qualities. It is interesting that aromadendrene could be identified or found in all agarwood quality grades. Therefore, it is presumed that the aromadendrene compounds can act as an effective chemical distinguisher for agarwood, whereby the greater the aromadendrene content, the better is the agarwood grade.
CENTRAL KALIMANTAN’S FAST GROWING SPECIES: SUITABILITY FOR PULP AND PAPER
Authors: Adi Danang Sudarwoko , Wahyuni Ika , Risanto Lucky , Rulliaty Sri , Hermiati Euis , Dwianto Wahyu , Watanabe Takashi
Published: January 2025

Recent studies of  fast growing species grown in PT. Sari Bumi Kusuma, Central Kalimantan, show that based on their fiber dimensions there are five species, namely Endospermum diadenum, Dillenia spp., Adinandra dumosa, Adiandra sp., and Nauclea junghuhnii with good potential for pulp and paper production.  The fiber length of  those five wood species are was more than 2,200 µm on average. This paper studies the physical properties, fiber dimensions and their chemical contents to predict the paper and pulp quality. The result shows that all of  the species were classified in the medium to high density category. All species were classified into the first class quality for pulp and paper. Based on chemical contents, Dillenia sp. is the most suitable species due to its high value of  holocellulose and a-cellulose, low lignin content, and its fiber length is about 3,119 µm on average. A. dumosa also has good opportunities because it had the longest  fiber lengths (3,137 µm on average) and high value of  holocellulose, even though it has the highest lignin content. While Nuclea junghuhnii is  less suitable due to low values of  holocellulose and a-cellulose.
LOW CARBON DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY ON LAND USE SECTOR IN CILIWUNG MIDDLE-STREAM WATERSHED
Authors: Sularso Gamma Nur Merrillia , Tambunan Rudy P. , Atmoko Andreo W.
Published: January 2025

The second (2nd) and third (3rd) segment of  Ciliwung middle-stream watershed land use have changed drastically over the past two decades. The second (2nd) and third (3rd) segment of  Ciliwung middle-stream watershed land use have changed drastically over the past two decades. This paper analyses the land use change from 1989-2012 and its impact on decreasing carbon stock or increasing CO2 eq emission, as well as to establish projected Reference Level (RL) to 2020. Best RL projection was used to establish the Low Carbon Development Strategy (LCDS) in both segments. The land use changing from 1989-2012 indicated a reduction of  green space area by 2,575.57 ha whereas the non-green space area increased by 2,575.57 ha. These changes decreases the carbon stock by 26,900 ton C and released CO eq emission by about 98,723 ton CO2eq. Population growth, demand on land and land constraints were found to be the driving factors of  land use changes in this area. Reference Level 2020 was established based on business as usual (BAU) and forward looking (FL) scenarios. The projection showed that FL was the best scenario which estimated carbon storage at 217,610 ton C in 2020. Low carbon development strategy directed to the area of  green space added up to 20% carbon storage through the implementation of  the strategy based on green space and non-green space which covered the areas from protection, supervision, extension or awareness and law enforcement.
PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSES OF Eucalyptus nitens Maiden AT INITIAL STAGES OF ROOT-ROT INFECTION
Authors: Agustini Luciasih , Beadle Chris , Barry Karen , Mohammed Caroline
Published: January 2025

Root-rots are known to be latent diseases that may be present in plants for an extended period without any noticeable expression of  symptoms above ground. Photosynthetic responses of Eucalyptus nitens saplings artificially inoculated with the root-rot pathogen, Armillaria luteobubalina were examined to characterize the initial stages of  root-rot infection. This paper studies three photosynthetic parameters, i.e. photosystem II yield (Fv/Fm), chlorophyll content and photosynthetic capacity (Amax) for two strains of  A. luteobubalina over a seven-month period. Root systems were either wounded or left intact before inoculation. A significant difference was observed in the Fv/Fm ratio between the uninoculated control and inoculated saplings. Photosystem II yield was considered the most sensitive parameter for the early detection of  root-rot disease. Chlorophyll content and Amax decreased for all trees, including controls, during the period of  the experiment, and most likely reflected host responses to seasonal change rather than treatment effects. Fungal re-isolations from symptomatic roots of  inoculated trees confirmed the presence of  A. luteobubalina. Findings from this preliminary trial indicated that there were detectable physiological changes associated with early infection of  root-rot. However, to detect more widespread physiological changes an experiment  of  longer duration is needed.
EFFECT OF PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE AND SILVER NITRATE ON DEGRADATION PATHWAYS OF N-OCTADECANE BY Fusarium sp. F092
Authors: Hidayat Asep , Tachibana Sanro
Published: January 2025

The aliphatic fraction is usually the largest component in crude oil. Its removal from oil contaminated fields has become an environmental priority and been considered useful for enhancing recovery. Our previous studies reported the isolation of Fusarium sp. F092 based on the ability to degrade chrysene. It also could degrade crude oils and their aliphatics fractions. However, aliphatic degradative pathways in crude oil have not been clearly understood. The identification of aliphatic metabolite pathways using a representative compound n-octadecane was carried out in this study, as well as the effect of Piperonyl Butoxide (PB) and Silver Nitrate (AgNO3) on the degradation of n-octadecane and its metabolite. We determined that Fusarium sp. F092 had ability to break down n-Octadecane from about 125 to 13 mg L-1 after 60 days incubation. During degradation, several metabolite products could be detected and identified to form carboxylic acid groups. By the addition of PB and AgNO3, inhibitor of monooxgenase and dioxygenase enzymes, Fusarium sp. F092 had ability to convert n-octadecane to form alkyl hydroperoxides via terminal oxidation pathway with involving a dioxygenase
PARENT IDENTIFICATION IN A MULTI LOCATION TRIAL SEED ORCHARD OF ACACIA MANGIUM USING MICROSATELLITE MARKERS
Authors: Nurtjahjaningsih I. L. G.
Published: January 2025

Variation of  parent gametes' contribution might affect the growth patterns among offspring produced from seed orchards. This paper studies the mating system statuses and to identify parent trees that produce good growth performance of  offspring in seedling seed orchard of A. mangium. The study was conducted in two seed orchards, i.e. a first generation seedling seed orchard (F1 SSO) of  A. mangium, used as the parent population hereafter and a multi location trial (MLT) as an offspring population. Based on 10 microsatellite markers, mating system in the F1 SSO was under panmictic equilibrium condition. The good growth trees in the MLT originated from various parent genes contribution in the F1 SSO. Several behaviors were observed: a). the best trees in MLT dominantly originated from singlepair trees, between maternal and paternal trees, in F1 SSO; b). a maternal tree was pollinated by two paternal trees; c). a paternal tree pollinated several maternal trees. Flowering synchronization and genetic compatibility among trees might be responsible for these mating system patterns. In order to maximize seeds production, studies on male and female flowers characteristic should be employed to assess flowering synchronization among individual trees in the seed orchard.
A COMPATIBLE ESTIMATION MODEL OF STEM VOLUME AND TAPER FOR Acacia mangium Willd. PLANTATIONS
Authors: Krisnawati Haruni
Published: January 2025

This study describes the establishment of  a compatible volume estimation model for Acacia mangium Willd on the basis of  279 felled sample trees collected from the A. mangium plantation stands in South Sumatra, Indonesia. The model comprises of  a total volume model and a stem taper model, which is compatible in the sense of  the total volume obtained by integration of  the taper model being equal to that computed by the total volume model. Several well-known total volume functions were evaluated including constant form factor, combined variable, generalized combine variable, logarithmic, generalized logarithmic and Honer transformed variables. A logarithmic model was determined to be the best and was then used as the basis for deriving the taper model. Appropriate statistical procedures were used in model fitting to account for the problems of  heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation that are associated with the construction of  volume and taper functions. The simultaneous fitting method of  the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) improved the parameter estimates and goodness-of-fit statistics while ensuring numeric consistency among the component models and reducing the total squared error obtained by an independent fitting method. The developed model can be used to estimate total stem volume, merchantable volume to any merchantability diameter limit at any height, and (possibly) height of  any diameter based on only easily measurable parameters such as diameter at breast height and total tree height for the species analysed.
GENETIC PARAMETER ESTIMATES FOR GROWTH TRAITS IN AN Eucalyptus Urophylla S.T. Blake PROGENY TEST IN TIMOR ISLAND
Authors: Sumardi Sumardi , Kurniawan Hery , Prastyono Prastyono
Published: January 2025

Genetic parameters were estimated for growth traits of Ampupu (Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake) progeny test grown in Southern Central Timor - East Nusa Tenggara Province, Timor Island. When the trial was one year old data were collected from 45 half-sib open pollinated families and assessed. There were genetic variations in height and diameter among families of E. urophylla. Growth traits had moderate heritability, both individually and in family, i.e. 0.28 and 0.55 for height and 0.41 and 0.66 for diameter, respectively. Genetic correlation between height and diameter was strong (0.96). However, the estimation of genetic parameter should be interpreted carefully since the trial was very young. Re-assessment of the trial should be carried out periodically to provide better understanding of the species regarding the dynamic of the genetic interaction between the species and its environment, effective age of selection and prediction of genetic gain.
PHENOLOGY, CLIMATE, AND ADAPTATION: HOW DOES DIPTEROCARPS RESPOND TO CLIMATE?
Authors: Winarni Nurul L. , Kurniasari Dewi R. , Hartiningtias Diny , Nusalawo Meyner , Sakuntaladewi Niken
Published: January 2025

Temperature, rainfall and extreme weather have been indicated to affect the phenological patterns and forest productivity by shifting flowering and fruiting seasons and patterns, as well as crop production. Dipterocarpaceae are high value trees for both timber and non-timber forest products. This study aims to determine the response of phenological patterns of flowering and fruiting of Dipterocarps to climate variables. The study was conducted at Way Canguk Research Station of the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP), Lampung during May-November 2012 by analyzing 14 years (1998-2012) of phenological data of Dipterocarps. The phenology surveys were carried out on monthly basis by estimating the percentage of flowering, fruiting (divided into 0-4 scoring) and the crop production. The results indicated that the phenological patterns of Dipterocarps in the area depicted major and minor patterns without mass-flowering time, different from what have been reported for Kalimantan or North Sumatra. Minor peak flowering season showed regular flowering, particularly during March to July every year. However, there were major flowering seasons in November 2002 (20.2%), September 2006 (21%), and October-November 2011 (20.3%). Average monthly fruit production showed a peak at the end of the dry season. Major flowering season seemed to coincide with the period of major El Nino events in November 2002 and September 2006, while others associated with La Nina. This study suggest that phenology and climate change may have implications in designing strategies for collection of seed materials to support the conservation and plantation programs of the Dipterocarps.
EFFECT OF GAMMA IRRADIATION ON SEED GERMINATION, STORAGE, AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF Magnolia champaca L.
Authors: Zanzibar Muhammad , Sudrajat Dede J.
Published: January 2025

Gamma irradiation of seeds is known as an important factor in stimulating biochemical and physiological processes. This paper investigates the effect of seed irradiation on the seed germination, storability, and seedling growth traits of Magnolia champaca. Seeds were irradiated with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 Gy by Cobalt-60. The treated seeds were grouped into three lots, namely germination test, storage test and seedling growth characteristics. Observations were made for seed germination percentage, germination index, mean germination time, germination value and growth traits such as height, collar diameter, number of leaves, root length, and dry weight. Results showed that irradiation at a dose of 30 Gy was close to LD50, and irradiation at doses of 80 Gy and higher caused lethal effect. The maximum increase of germination parameters on irradiated seed was recorded at a dose of 10 Gy, and then it decreased. Growth rate in terms of seedling height, collar diameter, number of leaves, and dry weight have also increased in gamma irradiation doses up to 80 Gy, but the dose of 10 Gy resulted in survival and growth that was more stable and gave the highest values for most of the parameters. Hence, lower dose (10 Gy) of irradiation treatment can be used to increase seed germination, storability and seedling growth of M. champaca.
MAN’S BEST FRIEND ON THE BORDERS OF THE GREEK OIKUMENE: THE SO-CALLED DOG BURIALS AND THE ROLE OF DOGS IN TANAIS
Authors:   Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Mediterranean and Oriental Cultures, Iwaszczuk Urszula , Matera Marcin ,   University of Warsaw, Faculty of Archaeology
Published: January 2025

Tanais, the town located in the steppe zone of the northern coast of the Sea of Azov, was founded at the end of the 1st / the beginning of the 2nd quarter of the third century BC. At the end of the first century BC, Tanais was destroyed, rebuilt in the first century AD, and existed until the mid-third century AD, however the settlement in this area existed until the turn of the 3rd and 4th quarters of the fifth century AD. During the four seasons of excavations of the Trench XXV (2016–2019) at Tanais, the number of 42,217 animal remains were discovered. These elements came from wild and domestic mammals, birds, amphibians and fish. The remains of domestic mammals included many dog elements accounted for 17.4% of all the remains in this group dated to the Hellenistic times, and only 11.7% dated to the Roman period. The dog bones were found in the layers and pits located in the defensive ditch and represented all the skeleton elements. This paper discusses all dog remains, including the dog remains described during the excavations and in the course of the preliminary analysis as “the dog burials” that were preserved in the material as more or less complete skeletons in Hellenistic and Roman structures. Additionally, the dog burial from the earlier excavated Pit 17/2003 was reexamined. The morphological and statistical analysis showed that the dogs represented three different morphotypes. The measurements showed a change in the size of the dogs between the Hellenistic and Roman times with a swift towards larger individuals. Large breeds were commonly used as shepherd dogs, which was probably reflected in the material from Roman times. Such a change can be connected with arriving of nomadic tribes. Additionally, at least one of the pits dated to the Hellenistic period contained the dog’s burial, together with bird bones and a goat horn, a ritual practice used in ancient Greek construction of public buildings and fortifications.
Life History and Blood Feeding Activity of a Philippine Population of Aedes albopictus Skuse (Diptera:Culicidae) under Laborat
Authors: Aguila Ariza Minelle A. , Caom Barbara L.
Published: January 2025

The life history, fecundity and blood feeding time of Aedes albopictus, an emerging important vector of dengue viruses in the Philippines, was investigated under laboratory conditions (26.7 ± 0.9 °C and 83% I± 5. 7% RH). The average developmental period of the life stages are as follows: eggs, 1.84 ± 0.8 days; larval stage: first instar, 2.31 ± 0.5 days; second instar, 1.11 ± 0.1 days; third instar, 1.12 ± 0.1 days; fourth instar 1.33 ± 0.2 days; pup I stage, 1.94 ± 0.1 days; and 3.91 ± 1.2 days for the adult longevity. The ,observed total developmental time from egg to adult was 13.55 ± 1.0 days. Male to female ratio was 1.2:1.0. Females laid an average of 46.3 ± 31.4 eggs. Mortality factor from egg to pupal stage was K= 0.3808. Using arm-in-cage method, the peak feeding time of Ae. albopictus regardless of age was observed at 07:00H, which is the first exposure period to the host. Highest frequency of probing during this time was observed in 5 days old (DO) Ae. albopictus females, followed by 7, 4, 6 and 3 DO. Additional peak biting time of 6 and 7 DO females was at 1 0:00H, while that of 3 DO females was at 21:00H and 3:00H. In addition, no null observation was recorded at any data gathering time. These results can serve as basis for designing an effective indoor and outdoor management control strategy preventing Ae. albopictus vectorial activity anytime of the day.
Elucidating the Resistance Response of Irradiated Banana cv. Lakatan to Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV) Infection Transmitted by the Banana Aphid Pentalonia nigronervosa Concquerel
Authors: Dela Cueva Fe M. , Sison Maria Luz J. , Dinglasan Eric G. , Damasco Olivia P.
Published: January 2025

Development of banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) - resistant banana va ·ety Lakatan through gamma-irradiation had been successfully done as pa of integrated management strategies against the disease. Ten irradiated La atan lines exhibited resistance to BBTV. Resistance of these lines was ev luated based on symptomatology and host-vector and host-virus rel tionship. Insect colony development on Lakatan banana irradiated lines wa monitored by artificially inoculating viruliferous banana aphids, Pe talonia nigronervosa, and counting the resulting number of aphids per pla t at weekly intervals. Resistance to virus multiplication of Lakatan irradiated lines was characterized by quantifying the virus titer through Enzyme-Linked lmmunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results showed that not all lines were suitable as hosts in establishing aphid population. The reaction of mutant lines to the vector and the pathogen varied to some extent. Disease incidence in some cases was correlated with aphid preference. Disease incidence was significantly higher (>50%) on lines that were preferred by aphids and lower (<50%) on those that were not colonized. Some mutant lines with very low aphid colony count, however showed high BBTV incidence. Variability in the results could be affected by other factors such as the developmental stage of the plant and prevailing environmental conditions during the conduct of the experiment. Virus titer was also reduced on these mutant lines, thus reduced virus multiplication. Non-irradiated (control) Lakatan banana had comparably high population of aphids, high disease incidence, and high virus titer.

Based on the results of the study, resistance of irradiated Lakatan line to BBTD could be attributed to non-preference of the aphid vector to colonize and reproduce thus resulting in lower BBTD infection. In addition, reduced virus multiplication as indicated by low virus titer on irradiated lines, was correlated with resistance response to the disease infection.
Pollen Sources of Bees in Pagbilao Mangrove Ecosystem
Authors: Almazol Amalia E. , Cervancia Cleofas R.
Published: January 2025

Hived colonies of bees Apis cerana, Apis mellifera and Tetragonula biroiwere installed in the vicinity of Pagbilao Mangrove Swamp Experimental Forest to determine the melliferous plants in the area and assess the potential of beekeeping in mangrove ecosystem. Bee bread were collected from the combs of each species to analyze and identify the pollen grains present.

A total of 49 plant species were foraged by the bees. Thirteen species are classified as mangrove namely; Lumnitzera littorea, Marinda citrifolia, Aegiceras corniculatum. Aegiceras floridum, Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea, Acanthus ilicifolius, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Terminalia catappa, Xylocarpus granatum, Jntsia retusa, Nypa fruticans, Excoecaria agallocha and Rhizophora mucronata. There was an overlap in the plant species visited by A. cerana, A. mellifera and T. biroi.
Does Regulating Distress Behavior Influence the Digital Transformation of Insurance Firms in Kenya?
Authors: Odindo John , K’Aol George , Njenga Kefah
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the influence of regulating distress adaptive leadership behavior on digital transformation within the framework of adaptive leadership theory. Employing a positivist approach and a descriptive research design, the study targeted a population of 392 supervisors from all 56 registered insurance firms in Kenya. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. A stratified random sampling technique yielded a final sample of 127 respondents (63% response rate). Operationalization of regulating distress behavior was via inclusion and diversity; reward & recognition; and open communication dimensions, while digital transformation was assessed through metrics of digital innovation, customer experience, and return on assets. Comprehensive statistical analyses, including means, standard deviations, correlation analysis, chi-square tests, ANOVA, and ordinal logistic regression, were employed to analyze data and test hypotheses. The ordinal regression model results indicated that regulating distress behavior accounted for 20.3% of the variance in digital transformation, as demonstrated by the Nagelkerke Pseudo R² value of .203. The parameter estimates indicated that regulating distress behavior predicted digital transformation, β3= -19.280, p ≤ .05. Meaning that this behavior had significant influence on digital transformation. The study recommends that leaders should regulate employee distress via inclusion and diversity, rewards and recognition and open communication to achieve successful digital transformation. To extend the generalizability of these findings, future studies should explore the applicability of this framework in other industries outside the financial service industry.
Projections of greenhouse gas emissions 2020–2050
Authors:   Český hydrometeorologický ústav, Gaálová Gabriela , Slámová Jitka ,   Český hydrometeorologický ústav
Published: January 2025

Greenhouse gas projections are the key tool for the Czech Republic's efforts to comply with international climate change targets. The GHG projections take into account various sectors, including energy, industrial processes and product use (IPPU), agriculture, land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF), and waste. Future GHG emissions are projected using the WEM (With Existing Measures) and WAM (With Additional Measures) scenarios. According to the findings, total emissions are expected to fall by 78.29 Mt CO2 -eq by 2050 under the WAM scenario, representing a 63% decrease compared to the last reported emissions in 2020 (124.34 Mt CO2 -eq). Under the WEM scenario, a decrease of 71.23 Mt CO2 -eq is expected, i.e. 57%. The Energy sector is a significant contributor to emissions, accounting for 67.1% of total emissions in 2020; however, policies encouraging the growth of nuclear power and the transition to renewables are expected to reduce emissions in this sector. Industry and Agriculture also account for a significant share of emissions, but emissions are likely to fall in the future, especially of fluorocarbons in the Industry sector.
Influence of meteorological factors on concentrations of selected air pollutants
Authors:   Český hydrometeorologický ústav, Škáchová Hana
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the influence of air temperature, precipitation, wind speed and ventilation index on the concentrations of particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5, and nitrogen dioxide NO2 by multivariate regression analysis in the period 2011–2020 with respect to the cold and warm seasons. The concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, and NO2 show a close relationship with meteorological and dispersion conditions. The greatest influence on PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations is the ventilation index, less so air temperature and wind speed. In both cold and warm seasons, concentrations decrease with increasing values of ventilation index and wind speed. The effect of air temperature varies with the season. In the cold season, concentrations decrease with increasing air temperature, while they increase during the warm season. NO2 concentrations in both cold and warm seasons depend most on wind speed and ventilation index, less on air temperature, while concentrations decrease with the increasing values of both of the meteorological factors. Episodes with high PM10 concentrations are more frequently observed during anticyclonic large-scale weather situations. Long-lasting episodes, in which Smog Warning and Regulation System alerts have been issued, correspond to situations where the centre of the anticyclone or its rear part is located over the Czech Republic and massive temperature inversions are formed.
Rizikos visuomenė: centralizuoto šildymo sistemos atvejis Lietuvoje
Authors: Leonavičius Vylius , Genys Dainius
Published: January 2025

Straipsnyje analizuojama galima grėsmė didelei Lietuvos visuomenės daliai, kylanti dėl centralizuoto šildymo sistemos funkcionavimo rizikos. Aptariama, kaip sovietiniu laikotarpiu didelė visuomenės dalis tapo energetikos sistemos įkaitu ir kaip pažangia laikyta centralizuoto šildymo sistema šiandien yra sunki našta daugybei šalies gyventojų. Analizuojant „organizuoto neatsakingumo“ reiškinį, atskleidžiamas rizikos visuomenėsparadoksas (kuris apibūdina dualistinę rizikos – rizikos kūrimo ir politinės atsakomybės vengimo – prigimtį), iš dalies paaiškinantis atsakingų institucijų nesugebėjimą spręsti centralizuotos šildymo problemos.
Subjektyviosios gerovės sąvokos struktūros taikymo empiriniuose tyrimuose rezultatų nuoseklumas
Authors: Gataūlinas Artūras
Published: January 2025

Straipsnyje pateikiama subjektyviosios gerovės (SG) sąvokos struktūros taikymo empiriniuose tyrimuose rezultatų nuoseklumo analizė Europos vertybių tyrimo ir Europos socialinių tyrimų atvejais. Kadangi SG tyrimai yra nauja socialinių tyrimų kryptis, palyginti su objektyviąja gerove, akcentuojančia pajamas ir turtą, todėl svarbu įvertinti SG duomenų nuoseklumą įvairių empirinių SG tyrimų kontekste. Taikant grafinę SGempirinių duomenų analizę buvo nustatyti buvusios komandinės ekonomikos regiono, Pietų Europos regiono ir tradicinių rinkos ekonomikos šalių regiono bendri savitumai SG lygių atžvilgiu. Žemesnė nei ES vidurkis vidutinė SG yra būdinga buvusios komandinės ekonomikos šalių regionui ir kai kurioms Pietų Europos regiono šalims. Aukštesnė nei ES vidurkis vidutinė SG yra būdinga tradicinių rinkos ekonomikos šaliųregionui. EVT (Europos vertybių tyrimas) ir EST (Europos socialinis tyrimas) duomenų bazių SG rodiklių reikšmių koreliacinė analizė patvirtina SG sąvokos struktūros taikymo empiriniuose tyrimuose nuoseklumą.
Socialinės kaitos poveikis švietimo funkcijoms
Authors: Andriekienė Rūta Marija , Trakšelys Kęstutis
Published: January 2025

Straipsnyje siekiama atskleisti, kiek įtakos švietimo funkcijoms turi visuomenės socialinė kaita. Analizuojamos tos funkcijos, kurios tapo svarbios po Lietuvos nepriklausomybės paskelbimo, nes Lietuvai perėjus prie laisvosios rinkos, vienos aktualiausių yra švietimo funkcijos, turinčios užtikrinti švietimo prieinamumą ir socialinį teisingumą. Pagrindinis švietimo funkcijų tikslas – sušvelninti socialinę nelygybę, sumažinti skurdąir socialinę atskirtį. Straipsnio autorių nuomone, pagrindinės švietimo funkcijos, galinčios užtikrinti didesnę visuomenės homogenizaciją, yra: socializacija ir kultūrinė reprodukcija, socialinė kontrolė ir socialinė integracija.
Habilidades comunicativas y pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de licenciatura de preescolar
Authors: Pérez Mendoza Ana Yolanda , Soto Castillo Josefina , Cristerna Becerra Aidé Carolina , Valdivia Hernández Rosa Isela , Vaca Ruiz Juan José , Vaca Herrera Juan José
Published: January 2025

Las habilidades comunicativas se entienden como el conjunto de capacidades que permiten a las personas expresar ideas, pensamientos y emociones de manera precisa y eficaz, así como interpretar y responder adecuadamente a los mensajes de los demás. Por otro lado, el pensamiento crítico es la habilidad de analizar, evaluar y sintetizar información de forma lógica y reflexiva, permitiendo tomar decisiones. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo principal evaluar las habilidades comunicativas y el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Educación Preescolar de la Escuela Normal “Estefanía Castañeda y Núñez de Cáceres". En Mexicali Baja California México. En este sentido, se buscó describir y comprender cómo se manifiestan estas competencias. El estudio se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental. La muestra estuvo conformada por 33 estudiantes, y para la recolección de datos se utilizó un instrumento basado en una escala tipo Likert. El análisis y procesamiento de los datos se realizó a cabo mediante el software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). En lo que respecta a las habilidades comunicativas, los resultados revelaron que el 27% de los estudiantes presentaron un nivel bajo, el 30% un nivel medio y el 43% un nivel alto. En cuanto al pensamiento crítico, se identifican porcentajes similares: el 30% mostró un nivel bajo, el 27% un nivel medio y el 43% un nivel alto. Se concluye que existe fundamento estadístico significativo para aceptar la hipótesis de investigación planteada y rechazar la hipótesis nula.
Sexual Transgression Space In Fujoshi Texts On X
Authors: Lutfia Rahma Ellysa , Vidia Rosa Dien , Prasetyo Hery
Published: January 2025

The popularity of female fans of homosexual fiction stories, known as fujoshi in Japanese, is growing and spreading to several countries, including in Indonesia. The existence of fujoshi was initially linked to the resistance movement against conventional discourse on sexuality. Now, fujoshi have created a transgressive space through text and works of art on social media, especially those uploaded on X. Through the postmodernist perspective and raising gender performativity theory from Judith Butler, this research found that fujoshi in Tapal Kuda tend to camouflage when enjoying boys love content, with the majority of the population being Moslem, they have to put on performances that conform to the teachings of their religion. Among other conclusions, it has been discovered that fujoshi create a zone that better accommodates their interests in homosexual fiction.
El net.art feminista como herramienta identitaria, política y emancipadora del sujeto femenino
Authors: Chamón Gómez Maria
Published: January 2025

El movimiento artístico net.art, situado en la etapa de la internet temprana, de finales del s. XX y principios del s. XXI, desafía la supuesta neutralidad del ciberespacio que, en aquel momento, se consideraba libre de sesgos patriarcales. Este artículo revisita y analiza diez obras de net.art, fundamentales para el feminismo dentro de un escenario de cultura digital reciente. Las obras de Wilding (1974), VNS Matrix (1992), Lialina (1996), Sollfrank (1997), Cheang (1998), Bookchin (1999), Abrahams (2001-2003), Flanagan (2003), Menkam (2010) y Laboria Cuboniks (2015) recuperan la agencia creativa de las mujeres artistas dentro del ámbito tecnológico y establecen un marco identitario del sujeto femenino desde el arte digital como brazo político y activista del ciberfeminismo.