bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efecto de la ingesta de retinol en ratones albinos con cáncer inducido
Authors: Benavides R. Elena R. , Hernández F. Eloísa M. , Reyes c. Augusto M. , Moore D. Mariel
Published: September 2020

Se evaluó el efecto de la ingesta dietaría de retinol en 80 ratones albinos hembras, cepa Balb C53, inoculados vía subcutánea con Sarcoma 180. La dosis ensayada, 200 UI / día, previamente determinada en 10 de los ratones; fue administrada por vía oral. Para medir el efecto, se evaluaron tres parámetros: a) la concentración hepática de catalasa en tres grupos de ratones: 1) ratones sanos con dieta basal, 2) ratones inoculados con dieta basal, y 3) ratones inoculados con dieta suplementada con retinol; b) la supervivencia de los animales inoculados con sarcoma y divididos en los grupos A (dieta basal) y B (dieta suplementada con retinol) y c) el desarrollo del tumor. Los resultados indican una diferencia significativa entre la actividad de catalasa del grupo 2 (Act. prom.= 8,904) con relación al grupo 1 (Act. prom = 16,878); a diferencia del grupo 3 (Act. Prom = 12,778) con relación al grupo 1 (Act. Prom = 16,878). Un incremento en el tiempo de supervivencia en los ratones que ingerían la dieta suplementada con retinol (56 días) con respecto a los que ingerían la dieta basal (38 días). Con relación al desarrollo del tumor, la diferencia de peso, entre los animales inoculados que ingerían la dieta suplementada y los animales que ingerían la dieta basal, fue de 0,28 pero no significativa. Lo cual indica que el retinol cumple un rol antioxidante, evitando que disminuya la concentración de catalasa e incrementando significativamente el período de supervivencia.
Frecuencia de listeria monocytogenes y otras listerías en carne de pollo fresco y verduras frescas obtenidas en mercados y centros de abasto de Lima Metropolitana
Authors: Centurión P. Mabel S. , Takajara S. Milagros E. , López F. Benedicta C.
Published: September 2020

El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar la frecuencia de Listeria monocytogenes en carne de pollo y verduras obtenidas de diversos mercados y centros de abastecimiento de Lima. Se analizaron 50 muestras de carne de pollo fresco y 50 muestras de verduras frescas (espárrago, col, apio, espinaca y lechuga). El análisis microbiológico se realizó de acuerdo a la metodología recomendada en el Bacteriological Analytícal Manual de la FDA y la NF ISO 11290-1. Se aisló Listeria monocytogenes en una muestra de pollo (2%) y de una muestra de espárrago (2%).
Presentación
Authors: Germaná Cavero César
Published: September 2020

Es posible encontrar una compleja relación, porque existen múltiples mediaciones, entre los conocimientos que nos ofrecen las ciencias sociales y la realidad históricosocial. Las ciencias sociales están influidas por los fenómenos del medio social en donde se desarrolla pues es evidente que las problemáticas que aborda son aquellas estrechamente dependientes de las transformaciones que se producen en la sociedad; sin embargo, no obstante, a la vez, nuestras disciplinas contribuyen en la tarea de nutrir el potencial de interpretación de la existencia social y de nosotros mismos al ir construyendo una determinada imagen de nuestra realidad. Nuestra revista ESPIRAL se ha propuesto el cometido de contribuir a la realización de este doble objetivo. En este tercer número, desde diferentes disciplinas y temáticas, abordamos cuestiones que son importantes para comprender algunos aspectos relevantes del complejo mundo en el que vivimos.
El enfoque cualitativo y la renovación de la geografía escolar sustentada en el positivismo pedagógico
Authors: Santiago Rivera José Armando
Published: September 2020

El artículo analiza el enfoque cualitativo como opción para renovar la geografía escolar sustentada en el positivismo pedagógico. Desde el siglo XIX, la enseñanza geográfica se facilita con el propósito de transmitir contenidos relacionados con los rasgos físico-naturales del territorio, a partir de la perspectiva descriptiva, reproductora y memorística. Esta realidad educativa es un obstáculo epistémico, pues impide desarrollar la reflexión analítica de las situaciones geográficas comunitarias y de la época. Metodológicamente se revisó bibliografía y exponer una explicación histórica de la geografía escolar desde los fundamentos positivistas y del positivismo a la ciencia cualitativa en la enseñanza geográfica. Concluye al proponer que en la geografía escolar es relevante asumir la opinión originada en el desempeño comunitario del habitante, en el estudio de las temáticas y problemáticas identificadas de su localidad. Aporta la importancia de los testimonios de los habitantes de la comunidad al posibilitar la formación de la conciencia crítica como misión formativa de la geografía escolar.
Capitalismo de plataformas: mi jefe es una App
Authors: Dinegro Martínez Alejandra
Published: September 2020

Ante el desarrollo incesante de la tecnología y de la conectividad entre mercados, personas y empresas, ha surgido un nuevo modelo de hacer negocios. Algunos la denominan “gig economy”, “sharing economy” y otros, simplemente, capitalismo de plataformas. Estos modelos de negocios están orientados a intermediar la demanda de servicios o bienes, de algunas personas, con otro sector de personas que ofrecen estos servicios o bienes de manera rápida, monitoreable y sencilla. Quienes intermedian esta conexión son plataformas digitales como Uber, Glovo, Rappi, Beat, Airbnb, UberEats, entre otras; las mismas que vienen asumiendo una interesante presencia en el Perú –en estos últimos cinco años- así como en América Latina y en varias partes del mundo. Al ser un modelo nuevo, presentan retos y desafíos, así como puntos ciegos que vienen siendo cuestionados al intentar responder algunas preguntas como ¿debe regularse la relación que se establece entre plataformas digitales y Apps con los taxistas o repartidores? O ¿Quién asume la responsabilidad si algo no sale bien? Este artículo describe el modelo de las apps de delivery, presentado como lo nuevo, y cómo viene introduciendo cambios en las relaciones laborales tradicionales al variar conceptos importantes como: contrato por “conexión”, trabajador por “colaborador”, horario de trabajo con “sé tu propio jefe”, salario por “pago por servicio” o “despido por “bloqueo de la cuenta”. Así mismo, comento la experiencia de mi breve investigación participante realizada en la ciudad de Lima y como este modelo de negocio reacciona: ¿si representa más un riesgo o una oportunidad, para las personas?
Las tres perspectivas de la Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo Mishana, Loreto 2019
Authors: Aguirre Nieri Marisol
Published: September 2020

Este trabajo etnográfico tiene como objetivo analizar las tres distintas perspectivas y sus relaciones de los actores de la Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo Mishana (RNAM). Por lo cual, para la obtención de esta información, se llevó a cabo las entrevistas y observaciones en un voluntariado en la RNAM, donde mi persona fue guardaparque voluntaria, llegando así a recolectar una información de investigación exploratoria. Para lograr el objetico se analizó las entrevistas y observaciones recolectadas en campo; posteriormente se procedió a desarrollar la metodología del mapeo de actores según Esteban Tapella. Analizada esta información, se concluye que las perspectivas de los tres actores: los pobladores de las comunidades campesinas, los guardaparques oficiales y la jefatura de la RNAM; manifiestan posiciones divergentes, provocando algunos conflictos para un desarrollo en conjunto de la RNAM.
Arqueología de Colquioc, valle del río Purísima, cuenca media del Fortaleza, Áncash
Authors: Van Dalen Luna Pieter D. , Reymundo Lume Luis , Huamaní Perlacios Joe
Published: September 2020

En el presente artículo presentamos los resultados de las investigaciones arqueológicas desarrolladas en el anexo de Colquioc, distrito del mismo nombre. Las prospecciones arqueológicas han permitido registrar sitios arqueológicos hasta hoy desconocidos para la arqueología, de los periodos Horizonte Temprano, conformado por estructuras piramidales; pequeñas unidades domésticas y áreas funerarias del Periodo Intermedio Tardío; y el pueblo viejo de datación Colonial, correspondiente al pueblo de fundación reduccional del primer siglo de dominación hispana. La zona de Colquioc adquirió una importancia estratégica en periodos prehispánicos por su ubicación, junto a la confluencia de los ríos Fortaleza y Purísima, siendo punto de encuentro de diversos grupos a través del tinkuy.
Modernidad, Covid-19 y colonialidad en el Perú. Notas introductorias
Authors: Mejía Navarrete Julio
Published: September 2020

La pandemia del coronavirus expresa las tendencias generales del patrón global moderno, cuyas graves amenazas delinean un horizonte gris de colonialidad. El estudio describe algunas ideas centrales en la vida social del Perú, lo importante es resaltar algunos elementos que permiten comprender los momentos actuales. Es interesante destacar para su análisis las transformaciones del patrón global moderno y los posibles impactos que generan en el país.
Sobre foliaciones y formas diferenciables
Authors: Jurado Cerrón Liliana Olga , Taza Chambi Galindo
Published: September 2020

En este trabajo pretendemos estudiar las foliaciones de codimensión arbitraria relacionados con las formas diferenciables, teniendo dos resultados principales. El primer resultado prueba que a partir de una foliación de codimensión q en Cn obtenemos una foliación en CPn.   El segundo resultado demuestra la caracterización de las foliaciones afines transversalmente de codimensión arbitraria en términos de matrices.
Partisipasi Politik Umat Islam dalam Aksi Massa 212 dan Implikasinya terhadap Wajah Islam Indonesia
Authors: DS Ali Thaufan , Sutiadi Dedi
Published: September 2020

This article is based on premises that mass actions are something common in a democratic country. Mass actions such as defending Islam actions (The 212 rally) “Aksi Bela Islam 212” are one of the form public political participation. If likened to on organ in body, the public political participation takes the most vital one. The 212 rally that took place at the end of 2016 have formed new alliances which often take action by labelling themselves as the 212 rally. This series of mass actions had given an impact to the state (especially in terms of ideological and practical politics) and religious life. This article shows that the post mass of the 212 rally has opens up opportunities for the beares of the idea sharia Indonesia and khilafah concept to step forward and showing their existence –although in terms of quantity they are a minority. In relation to practicel politics, alliances which are member of the alumni 212 brotherhood have determined political elections for certain presidential candidates and political parties in 2019 elections. As for religious life, the 212 rally post mass has caused tension due to defferences in attitudes torwards political action and choices.Viewed from public political participation perspective, the 212 rally in 2nd December 2016 contributed to government policy in the blasphemy case by Basuki Tjahaja Purnama.
The Route, Dose, and Interval of Epinephrine for Neonatal Resuscitation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Isayama Tetsuya , Mildenhall Lindsay , Schmölzer Georg M. , Kim Han-Suk , Rabi Yacov , Ziegler Carolyn , Liley Helen G. ,   INTERNATIONAL LIAISON COMMITTEE ON RESUSCITATION NEWBORN LIFE SUPPORT TASK FORCE
Published: September 2020

CONTEXT:

Current International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation recommendations on epinephrine administration during neonatal resuscitation were derived in 2010 from indirect evidence in animal or pediatric studies.

OBJECTIVE:

Systematic review of human infant and relevant animal studies comparing other doses, routes, and intervals of epinephrine administration in neonatal resuscitation with (currently recommended) administration of 0.01 to 0.03 mg/kg doses given intravenously (IV) every 3 to 5 minutes.

DATA SOURCES:

Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and trial registry databases.

STUDY SELECTION:

Predefined criteria were used for selection.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Risk of bias was assessed by using published tools appropriate for the study type. Certainty of evidence was assessed by using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation.

RESULTS:

Only 2 of 4 eligible cohort studies among 593 unique retrieved records yielded data allowing comparisons. There were no differences between IV and endotracheal epinephrine for the primary outcome of death at hospital discharge (risk ratio = 1.03 [95% confidence interval 0.62 to 1.71]) or for failure to achieve return of spontaneous circulation, time to return of spontaneous circulation (1 study; 50 infants), or proportion receiving additional epinephrine (2 studies; 97 infants). There were no differences in outcomes between 2 endotracheal doses (1 study). No human infant studies were found in which authors addressed IV dose or dosing interval.

LIMITATIONS:

The search yielded sparse human evidence of very low certainty (downgraded for serious risk of bias and imprecision).

CONCLUSIONS:

Administration of epinephrine by endotracheal versus IV routes resulted in similar survival and other outcomes. However, in animal studies, researchers continue to suggest benefit of IV administration using currently recommended doses.
Imbibición y temperatura para romper la latencia de Ischaemum rugosum Salisb.
Authors: Portuguez-García Mary Pamela , Rodríguez-Ruiz Ana María , Porras-Martínez Carolina , González-Lutz María Isabel
Published: September 2020

Introducción. La germinación de Ischaemum rugosum Salisb. es desuniforme debido a la presencia de latencia, proceso que afecta su manejo e investigación. Objetivo. Evaluar tres métodos para la ruptura de latencia en semillas de I. rugosum Salisb. que permitan su germinación uniforme en condiciones controladas. Materiales y métodos. Tres experimentos se ejecutaron en el Laboratorio Oficial de Análisis de Calidad de Semillas del Centro para Investigaciones en Granos y Semillas de la Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica; de mayo a junio del 2016. En el primero se probaron nitrato de potasio y agua destilada, dos tiempos de imbibición, y un testigo sin imbibición. En el segundo se sometieron las semillas durante tres semanas a cuatro regímenes de temperatura constante (15 °C, 30 °C, temperaturas alternas 15 y 30 °C, y temperatura ambiental a 26 °C). En el tercero las semillas se colocaron en agua durante una hora a diferentes grados de calor (23, 30, 45 y 65 °C), se utilizó un testigo sin imbibición. Resultados. En el primer experimento los mejores tratamientos fueron 16 y 24 h de imbibición con nitrato de potasio. En el segundo experimento la temperatura fue un factor significativo, se alcanzó la germinación con tres temperaturas empleadas, solo con 15 °C no hubo germinación. En el tercer experimento la temperatura en el agua fue un factor significativo, la mayor germinación ocurrió en el tratamiento a 23 °C, mientras que a 65 °C no ocurrió germinación. Conclusión. Se descartó el uso de agua caliente como forma para romper latencia. Se concluye que los mejores tratamientos fueron KNO3 al 0,25 % por 16 o 24 h, mientras que el uso de agua solo fue efectiva en el tiempo de 16 h, en los tres casos alternando las temperaturas entre 15 y 30 °C.
Atrayentes alimenticios en trampas McPhail para captura de mosca de la piña (Diptera: Richardiidae)
Authors: Villalobos-Moreno Alfonso , Luke-Z Jesús Emilio , Villamizar-Cobos Jorge
Published: September 2020

Introducción. La mosca de la piña (Melanoloma viatrix Hendel, 1911) fue reportada por primera vez en Colombia en 1991, y se ha convertido en una plaga limitante en el cultivo de piña en este país. Hay escasa información sobre la especie y se requiere estimar su distribución, fluctuación y densidad, para diseñar estrategias de manejo integrado de plagas. Objetivo. Evaluar atrayentes alimenticios como mecanismo de muestreo de Melanoloma viatrix Hendel. Materiales y métodos. Los ensayos se realizaron en fincas piñeras del municipio de Girón, Santander, Colombia, durante el inicio de la primera temporada de lluvias de 2003. Se evaluaron ocho atrayentes alimenticios dentro de trampas McPhail ubicadas en seis bloques al azar dentro de tres cultivos comerciales de piña de la variedad Perolera. Resultados. Los ensayos con atrayentes alimenticios dentro de trampas McPhail, capturaron más de 13 000 individuos, incluyendo dípteros, lepidópteros, himenópteros, neurópteros, hemípteros y ortópteros, pero solo 138 ejemplares de la especie de estudio. Conclusión. Se observaron diferencias significativas en las capturas de M. viatrix, siendo trozos de cáscara, extracto de cáscara y jugo natural de piña, los atrayentes que presentaron los mejores resultados de captura.
Dynamics of severity of coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix) on Coffee, in Chanchamayo (Junin-Peru)
Authors: Alvarado-Huamán Leonel , Borjas-Ventura Ricardo Roberto , Castro-Cépero Viviana , García-Nieves Leslie , Jimenez-Dávalos Jorge , Julca-Otiniano Alberto , Gómez-Pando Luis
Published: September 2020

Introduction. Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is an important crop in producing countries like Peru, where approximately two million families depend on its production, distribution, and marketing. But in recent years, climate change has increased the presence of coffee leaf rust - CLR (H. vastatrix), a disease that has decreased Peruvian production by up to 27%. Objective. Monitor the severity of CLR in different genotypes of coffee cv. Typica from April-2017 to March-2018. Material and methods. The experiment was carried out in the coffee germplasm bank at the Development Regional Institute (IRD)-Selva of the Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. The severity and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) in the lower, middle, and upper part of coffee trees were quantified. Result. There was high severity and AUDPC in the dry season (low precipitation) compared to the rainy season (high precipitation). Severity and AUDPC gradually decreased from the bottom to the top of the plant (lower>middle>upper). Also, UNACAF-24A, UNACAF-16, UNACAF-158, and UNACAF-162 genotypes stood out by showing lowest severity (0-1.1 %) and AUDPC (0-714) in the experiment. Conclusion. In this experiment, the genotypes in dry season presented high peaks of severity and UDPC of CLR, meanwhile, in rainy season the presence of CLR was lower. However, in both seasons, severity and AUDPC gradually decreased from the lower third to the upper thirf of the plant. Finally, UNACAF-24A, UNACAF-16, UNACAF-158, and UNACAF-162 presented the lowest degrees of severity of CLR.
Improving strategic management through risk analysis: small palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil industrializers, Central America
Authors: Paniagua-Molina Javier , Solórzano-Thompson Johanna
Published: September 2020

Introduction. Palm cultivation allows oil to be obtained for human and industrial consumption. Some of its development has been achieved through associations of agricultural producers, who have had access to financing to build industrial plants for oil extraction and refinement, which is of great importance to the economy developing countries. Objective. To demonstrate how strategic and risk management influence the profitability and value of the small palm oil industrializer business. Materials and methods. Financial, technical, market, and production indicators were used in a price forecast model. The Monte Carlo simulation method was performed and a time series model was fitted to forecast the international price of palm oil. Subsequently, a univariate structural econometric model was adjusted to forecast revenue based on international price and other variables. Finally, a parameterized cash flow was developed that incorporated the results of the previous models to estimate the value of the business. Results. The international oil price forecast showed high volatility that directly affected the organization’s revenue forecasts and conveyed its effect to cash flows. The value of the business and equity was negative, and in the face of debt restructuring scenarios and the elimination of unproductive assets, they improved considerably. Conclusion. Low-diversified palm oil production companies had a high exposure to changes in international prices which, together with high levels of debt for fixed asset investments with long recovery periods, affect their cash flow, the value of the company, and its assets.
Evidence Based Health Demographic Assessment of URIRI Sub-County in Migori County, Kenya
Authors: Kagoiyo Njeru S. , Wanjiku Mburu S. , Kagoiyo Sabinah W.
Published: September 2020

Objective: To assess health demographic profile of Uriri sub-County in Migori county, Kenya.

Study Design: Prospective study using a questionnaire

Study Setting: Uriri Sub-County in Migori County, Kenya

Study Participants/Subjects: Mothers with children under the age of five years. This was done purposely in order to capture the relevant information required on maternal, child health and other areas.

Results: The survey revealed many gaps that needed interventions both locally and from the National level. The literacy levels were still wanting with 70% not going past tertiary levels of education. This had an impact on diverse areas socio-economically starting with family life with children occupying 56% of the total house hold composition. This led to low literacy levels. The finding also revealed poor food security situation in Uriri constituency, with over 70% admitting they did not have enough food stocks in their households to last them till the next harvest. Three hundred and forty one (50.3%) mothers did not deliver in the available health facilities and 40.7% did not attend Antenatal Clinics.

Conclusion: Literacy especially amongst women is quite important in the making of a community, even though both sexes play an important part in passing education down their generations. Lack of education and information on pertinent issues of family care led to increased numbers of children which directly impacted on the overall population. Lack of financial capacity and economic empowerment was part of the reason for food insecurity in the area. The study showed that half of the women in Migori County do not visit the health facilities available in the county. This is in spite of the Government providing health resources in the region.
A Literature Review On Serious Pandemic Disease :- COVID-19
Authors: Sharma Dr. Abhishek , Kumar Sharma Dr. Bhuvnesh , Singh Dr. Ramandeep , Thaku Dr. Vishal , Jassal Dr. Supriya , Raina Sachin
Published: September 2020

The disease caused by corona virus is come under the category of sudden/acute infectious disease nwhich is caused by SARS-CoV-2. At time WHO stated that disease of COVID-19 is a worldwide contagious illness. According to WHO, this contagious disease is a 3rd acute contagious disease which is caused by infection due to corona virus in the current century after anticipated SARS. Till now the exact mechanism of COVID-19, how it produces its ill effects to the host body is still not clear.

 This disease of COVID-19 shows mild or negligible symptoms in most of the population, but usually it progresses with people of old aged groups or patient having low immunity. In the cases it started with dyspnea, progress towards pneumonia and might lead to multiple organ failure. Now a days most of the people or patients show no symptoms or otherwise are asymptomatic. Final diagnosis of the virus is confirmed by presence of virus in the secretions of respiratory tract with the help of molecular tests. First case of this pandemic was from city of wuhan, from china on 7th January, 2020.
Root knot nematode infections promoted by agricultural practice modifications in Vietnam and the impacts on rice production
Authors: Hue Nguyen Thi , Masson Anne -Sophie , Moulin Lionel , Phap Trinh Quang , Cuong Ha Viet , Bellafiore Stephane
Published: September 2020

A survey conducted on newly cultivated lowland rice fields by direct seeding method in Hai Duong Province, Viet Nam, in March 2017 revealed high devastation of the field. In these fields, farmers used an annual crop rotation cycle of rice-scallion-rice. Investigations on the devastated fields revealed that the chemical and physical soil properties were appropriate for rice cultivation. On the other hand, observations done on the root systems showed that the dead plants have symptomatic root galls suggesting the presence of plant parasitic nematodes. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rDNA genes of the nematodes showed that the root nematodes extracted from the infested fields belonged to Meloidogyne graminicola. The reproductive factor of the isolated M. graminicola population on the IR64 rice variety (Oryza sativa indica) was normal, suggesting that the impact of this plant pest was not due to the emergence of an unusual virulent population. The combination of the three factors (wrong cropping choice for rotation, using rice variety susceptible to M. graminicola and direct seeding) were obviously promoting the nematode infection and its high proliferation in the surveyed fields. Meloidogyne graminicola could parasitize and propagate in scallions of Vietnam. Since this plant is annually cultivated on a paddy field for crop rotation, preventive measures or alternative plant for crop rottion is necessary.
About Physics and Physicists of VolSU
Authors: Mikhaylova Elena , Mikhaylova Valentina , Kovalenko Ilya , Lebedev Nikolay , Yakimets Andrey
Published: September 2020

This review dedicated to the 40th anniversary of Volgograd State University contains brief information about the main achievements of a number of scientific schools and directions in various fields of physics working at University. Over many years of fruitful work at Volgagrad State University, specialists in various fields of physics have rightfully established themselves as one of the best research scientists in various fields of activity, which has allowed Volgograd State University to take a leading position in the training of highly qualified specialists among the leading universities in Russia.
Reciprocal Responsibility: why teachers should be the people to inspect schools
Authors: Smith Chris
Published: September 2020

At a time of great threat to the education of the current school cohort caused by the prolonged COVID-19 lockdown, the phrase 'never let a good crisis go to waste' sounds apt. Education will have to change to meet new demands. The author wishes to advance the case for teachers, fully
recognised as the key workers they are, to have their professional agency afforded greater respect in relation to school inspection. Teachers should become the inspectors. The article examines the current rationale for the inspectorate – one informed by politicians who have presided
over reforms to public services which incorporate the logic of the free market. The author questions how appropriate such logic is to the provision of education. He advances the case for an alternative approach to ensuring high standards in schools – one which draws on the professionalism
of serving classroom teachers and resembles a collaborative learning and professional development exercise. It is argued that this could be more efficient than the current approach, which strips teachers of their professional agency as part of a political agenda of deskilling that aims to
make teachers more compliant and less costly. The author hopes to stimulate debate about how the assessment of teaching can be conducted and how the voices of serving teachers can be better heard.
'Children and Teachers All Felt He Was a Friend': the early years of Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Schools, 1837-70
Authors: Parr Alan
Published: September 2020

In the 1830s, England began to see the introduction of schools targeted at the whole population, and soon the first inspectors were appointed. Although they came from privileged backgrounds themselves, the earliest members of the Inspectorate were remarkably quick to recognise and address
the challenges faced by teachers in elementary schools. Inspectors were welcomed for the advice and support they offered, so much so that – in what was to become a familiar story – they were attacked and subverted by politicians and officials. This article offers a fresh and vivid
insight into the nature of school inspection at that time, and the inspectors who carried it out.
Flow characteristics in continuous bends with pool–point bar topography
Authors: Liu Yujiao , Yu Minghui , Tian Haoyong , Xie Yaguang
Published: September 2020

The bar–pool morphology is a typical feature of meandering channels that strongly affects flow and transport patterns. In this study, the three-dimensional flow velocity was measured in detail at six cross-sections in two continuous reverse bends with pool–point bar topography. The streamwise velocity, cross-sectional distributions of circulation, net transversal flow, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and turbulent shear stress (TSS) were analysed. High values of the streamwise velocity, TKE and TSS were located in the point bar region (PBR), which were closer to the bed surface in the downstream bend. The circulations, including the main circulation (MC), upper remaining circulation (URC) and outer-bank circulation (OBC), were observed to interact with each other and affect the net transversal flow. The URC was found to exist in the PBR of the downstream bend, which restrained the tendency of the MC to move towards the inner bank. The OBC decreased the net transversal flux of fluid mass towards the inner bank or increased the flux towards the outer bank. The variations in the flow characteristics for different water depths were also analysed. The experimental data can help to validate numerical simulations and predict the evolution of meandering channels, which will provide a technical basis for river regulation.
Removal of Maxilon Golden Yellow GL EC 400% from the Wastewater by Adsorption Method Using Different Clays
Authors: GÜNEŞ DURAK Sevgi
Published: September 2020

This study was to evaluate the adsorption capability of clay minerals of halloysite, bentonite, kaolinite and natural clay (obtained from the Avanos) to remove Maxilon Golden Yellow GL EC 400% (MGY400) from aqueous solution. Different amounts of adsorbents (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g.) were taken from the samples and according to the results obtained the most color removal clay material and adsorbent amount was found. Adsorption was applied on all clays at 25 oC temperature, 200 rpm mixing speed and different contact times (2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 min) in the batch reactor. Bentonite provided the highest dyestuff removal. Therefore, the second phase adsorption was continued with bentonite. The adsorption with bentonite were performed at different temperature (13 oC, 25 oC, 50 oC) and pH values (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12). When the pH was 12 and the temperature was 25 oC, it was determined that the removal rate of the dyestuff of bentonite reached up to 99.7%. According to the results, adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated, and evaluation was made for working conditions.
The Potential of the Karaman Wastewater Treatment Plant to Generate Electricity with MHP and Reduction of Electricity Bill Amounts by Adjusting Working Hours of the Facility
Authors: SÜĞÜRTİN Ufuk , ÇAVUŞ Türker Fedai
Published: September 2020

In this study, in order to reduce the electricity consumption / cost of the Karaman Wastewater Treatment plant, which has the highest flow and electricity consumption in Sakarya, the arrangements that can be made during the working hours of the treatment plant and the generation of electricity by the MHP that can be installed between the outlet of the facility and the discharge point of the wastewater are examined. A change of 17% in the electricity bill costs and up to 50% in the flow rates were observed. Wastewater treatment plant projects keep their capacities high, considering the needs of the next 20-30 years. Based on these results, it is determined that if the electricity consumption amounts in the peak time interval where the unit price of electricity is high is shifted to day and night time zones, the electricity costs of the facilities will decrease. In addition, it has been shown that a part of its own electricity consumption will be met by the micro hydro power plant to be installed between the outlet of the facility and the discharge point.
WILLIS -HOBBS AGAR v1
Authors: Angel Roey , Lara-Rodriguez Ana
Published: September 2020

For the diferential isolation of Clostridium sp.
Acute toxicity of injected drugs and substances in fish v1
Authors: Patrícia D.c. Bruna , Alana Gomes Pinto Sabrina , Aquino Moura Layana , Silva Diógenes , Christina Ferreira Castro Kelly , Maximino Caio
Published: September 2020

This protocol, modified from OECD 203 (Acute toxicity test, adult fish), tests toxic (lethal and nonlethal) effects of substances that have been injected intraperitoneally in adult fish. While OECD 203 is appropriate for testing the effects of waterborne substances (e.g., sewage effluents, pesticides, and other toxicants that can reach water bodies), the modified version can be added in a drug screening pipeline
OKUL ÖNCESİ ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN BİLİM VE SÖZDE BİLİM AYRIMI: ASTRONOMİ VE ASTROLOJİ
Authors: ÜNAL Merve
Published: September 2020

Bu araştırmada, okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin astronomiyi bilim ve astrolojiyi sözde bilim olarak ayırt edip edemediklerini saptamak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma tarama modelinde olup, 2016-2017 eğitim öğretim yılında Malatya il merkezinde bağımsız anaokullarında görev yapan 115 okul öncesi öğretmeni ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin astronomiyi bilim ve astrolojiyi sözde bilim olarak ayırt edip edemediklerini saptamak için Kallery (2001) tarafından hazırlamış altı maddelik bir anket kullanılmıştır. Anket maddeleri araştırmacı tarafından Türkçeye çevrilmiş ve uzman görüşü almak için 4 uzmana gönderilmiştir. Uzmanların önerileri doğrultusunda ankete son hali verilmiştir. Öğretmenlerin ankete verdiği cevaplar betimsel analize tabi tutularak öğretmenleri bilim (astronomi) ve sözde bilim (astroloji) algılarına bakılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda öğretmenlerin yarısından fazlasının burçlarını bazen okudukları, yarısının da hem astroloji hem de astronomiyi bilimsel olarak gördükleri belirlenmiştir. Öğretmenlerin çoğunluğunun astrolojinin kişinin karakterini ve kaderini Güneş, gezegen ve yıldızların konumlarından anlaşılacağı öngörüsüne kısmen katıldıkları belirlenmiştir. Bu durum araştırmaya katılan öğretmenlerin bilim ile sözde bilim arasında ayrım yapamadıklarını göstermiştir.
HUMAN DIGNITY THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE GERMAN LEGAL DOCTRINE
Authors: Kravchenko M.
Published: September 2020

The article studies the right to human dignity through the prism of German legal doctrine. During the research, a wide range of general scientific and special legal methods of scientific cognition has been used, in particular: methods of dialectical logic, comparative legal and system-structural methods. The paper analyses domestic and German legal resources on the right to human dignity, in particular the works of S. von Puffendorf, I. Kant and G. Durig. As a result of the study, the author states that the German legal opinion formed the fundamental doctrine of the right to human dignity. This doctrine began in Germany, back in the Renaissance. For the first time, it was systematized in the works of a German researcher S. von Puffendorf. The article illustrates that human dignity is revealed in the German doctrine of fundamental human rights through a number of characteristics. The right to human dignity is the foundation of social value and respect for human beings. It prohibits the conversion of a person to an object in state procedures. Human dignity is not only the individual dignity, but also the dignity of a person as a species. Everyone possesses it regardless of its characteristics, achievements and social status. It also belongs to someone who cannot act reasonably because of his or her physical or mental state. They do not lose their human dignity even through "unworthy" behaviour, for example, by committing any crime. No one can be deprived of human dignity. Attention is drawn to the fact that German law does not intentionally give a definitive definition of the right to human dignity. It merely defines a comprehensive list of requirements for the protection of this fundamental human right. The reason for this is that any definition cannot guarantee the absolute protection of this human right. In other words, such a normative definition of this human right will inevitably lead to such a situation where it cannot protect the human dignity of an individual or even be the legal basis for its restriction. In this part, the German approach to the definition of the right to human dignity differs significantly from the domestic approach, since for the national science and practice of lawmaking it is quite logical to take a different approach, in particular to formulate clear and comprehensive definitions of legally significant phenomena and categories. It has been established that, according to the German doctrine of fundamental human rights, human dignity must be protected in any way within any relationship. It was found that the German Nazis had a negative influence on the German doctrine of the human dignity. This is due to the fact that the protection of human dignity was not built around what was allowed to be done, but about what was forbidden under any circumstances. Keywords: human dignity, a fundamental human right, a human rights doctrine, a state, legislation.
Ações para reduzir o risco de infecções relacionados à assistência à saúde
Authors: Siman Andréia Guerra , Dutra Cynara Christine Ferreira , Amaro Marilane de Oliveira Fani , Cunha Simone Graziele Silva , Santos Fernanda Batista Oliveira
Published: September 2020

Identificar as ações realizadas pela equipe de SCIH e Gestão da Qualidade para alcançar a meta redução do risco de infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde. Pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva, realizada em duas instituições hospitalares. Houve triangulação de dados com entrevistas, observação e análise documental. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo. As ações mais realizadas foram educação permanente, identificação e correções de problemas em procedimentos, busca ativa, vigilância e higienização das mãos. Foi possível identificar a ocorrência de eventos adversos. A comunicação e os problemas estruturais aparecem como dificultadores no alcance da meta. As ações identificadas foram práticas tradicionais e muitas vezes ineficientes. A prevenção e o controle de infecções ainda são desafios para as instituições de saúde. Há necessidade de adoção de estratégias inovadoras para alcançar a meta de redução do risco de infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde.
Aplicativos para estimular a prática de atividade física em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros
Authors: Piola Thiago Silva , Pacífico Ana Beatriz , Bacil Eliane Denise Araujo , Silva Michael Pereira da , Campos Wagner de
Published: September 2020

Este estudo objetivou avaliar a qualidade de aplicativos para estimular a prática de atividade física de crianças e adolescentes brasileiros. Foi conduzida uma busca sistemática de aplicativos em português nas plataformas iTunese PlayStore, utilizando os seguintes termos: nível de atividades física, atividade física, aptidão física, exercício, exercício físico, atividade motora, esporte, caminhada, comportamento sedentário e inativo. A qualidade dos aplicativos foi avaliada através da Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS). A presença ou ausência de técnicas de mudança de comportamentos foi avaliada usando a taxonomia de técnicas de mudanças de comportamentos. A relação entre a qualidade dos aplicativos a as técnicas de mudanças de comportamento foram verificadas pelo coeficiente de correlação de Kendall’s Tau. Quatro aplicativos atenderam a todos os critérios e foram incluídos na análise, apresentando qualidade aceitável. Sobre as técnicas de mudança de comportamentos, apenas o feedback dos usuários é comum a todos os aplicativos. Aplicativos não são baseados em recomendações para promoção da atividade física.
MICROVASCULAR DECOMPRESSION IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA
Authors: Lazarchuk D. M , Alekseev G. N , Kamadey O. O , Chemidronov S. N
Published: September 2020

This work highlights the main variant treatment of patients with trigeminal neuralgia, with a proven neurovascular conflict, microvascular decompression of the trigeminal root. Microvascular decompression is the main radical treatment method which allows to relieve hyperfunctional syndrome manifested by prosopalgia. In the course of this study, the variant anatomy of the neurovascular conflict in patients with trigeminal neuralgia was described in detail. The group of patients whose clinical diagnosis at the stage of selection was based on a neurological examination and taking into account the progression of symptoms as well as the performed instrumental examination (CT angiography). The results are described in the article. Atrophic changes of the root of the trigeminal nerve are visualized and described. The nature of its blood supply is classified according to the type of the origin of the artery or arterial branches of the trigeminal nerve root. The main types of neurovascular conflict classified according to the type of blood vessel are presented. Variant neuroanatomy of the trigeminal nerve root as well as the interaction with the arteries of the vertebrobasilar basin and the veins of the posterior cranial fossa are described. The course of microvascular decompression of the trigeminal nerve root, used in the neurosurgical department of Samara Regional Clinical Hospital n.a. V.D. Seredavin is described
A MODERN APPROACH TO THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CLASS II DISTAL OCCLUSION OF THE 1ST SUBCLASS BY ENGLE
Authors: Dikova A. A
Published: September 2020

Distal occlusion is a widespread dental anomaly among all dental diseases. Protrusion of the upper jaw incisors during distal occlusion is quite common. Orthodontic treatment is characterized by its high duration. In this regard, the issue of creating methods to reduce the time of orthodontic treatment of patients with distal occlusion Class II Engle subclass 1 and improve the quality of life of the patient is relevant. When treating patients with distal occlusion, it is necessary to create conditions for the distalization of the second molars of the upper jaw; therefore, it becomes necessary to use additional equipment at the initial stages of the active period of orthodontic treatment. The devices developed by the author allow the body to distalize the second molar of the upper jaw and stabilize its position in the process of orthodontic treatment.
DEvELopMENT of TEOHNiQuEs FoR THE DETERMiNATioN oF MoisTuRE (Loss oN DRYING) oF MEDiOiNAL PLANT RAW MATERiALS oF MoRPHoLoGiOAL group “FRUiT” by infrared thermogravimetric method
Authors: Zhdanov D. A , Braslavsky V. B
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the development of new and perspective for the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (SP RF) techniques for determining of the moisture (loss on drying) of medicinal plant raw materials of the morphological group “Fruit” and medicinal plant preparations by the use of infrared thermogravimetric (IRTGM) method. The techniques for determination of moisture (loss on drying) IRTGM-method as exemplified by the fruit of the following medicinal plants: Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., Rosa cinnamomea L. and Anethum graveolens L. were developed. The comparable results for determining of the moisture (loss on drying) of the medicinal plant raw materials of investigated plants were obtained by means of two methods: IRTGM and pharmacopoeial method, which allow us to recommend the developed techniques for inclusion into the relevant monographs of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.
STUDY OF STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF JAWS USING THE FINITE-ELEMENTS METHOD
Authors: Trunin D. A , Revyakin A. V , Postnikov M. A , Kolganov I. N , Zakharova I. A , Zakharov M. L , Razumnyj V. A , Malceva A. V
Published: September 2020

This work is devoted to the study of the stress-strain state (SSS) model by using the finite-elements method (FEM) of jaw-bones (the system of lower jaw (LJ) - upper jaw (UJ)) and is the next step in understanding the mechanism of mastication as one of the main functions of the maxillofacial system (MFS). At the same time, reliable information about SSS of the LJ and UJ bones with account of the peculiarities of their anatomical and topographical structure will, firstly, reveal the main regularities of the jaw bone deformations. It will make possible to choose prosthetic appliances that will provide the minimum level of intensity of atrophic processes in supporting tissues and the most favorable biomechanical interaction of bone structures, soft tissues and elements of the prosthetic appliance. The results of mathematical calculations allowed to identify the characteristic features of the deformation and interaction of the LJ and UJ bones, which will ensure a scientifically based choice of those prosthetic appliances contributing to the most prolonged and normal functioning of the maxillofacial system in general.
Risk factors AND Ecology of uRiNARY iNOoNTINENOE
Authors: Amirov A. R , Lobkarev O. A , Bodrova R. A
Published: September 2020

Urinary incontinence is an unsolved problem in urology. Awareness of the predisposing risk factors and the etiology of urinary incontinence contributes to its prevention, to facilitate timely diagnosis and the choice of the correct tactics for the correction of urinary disorders. The main causes of incontinence may be dysfunction of the detrusor, its hyperactivity, hyperreflexia, low elasticity, disruption of the sphincter apparatus, paradoxical ishuria, and extraurethral incontinence. In the treatment of incontinence, it was originally recommended to use conservative therapy; in the absence of effect, one can think of surgical methods of treatment depending on the degree of the disorder. This review considers literature data on the identification of risk factors and etiology in the development of urinary incontinence.
MIOROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF UROLITHIASIS OF INFECTIOUS ORIGIN IN SERVICEMEN
Authors: Magomedov J. K , Pryanichnikova M. B , Tagozhonov Z. F , Rizoev H. H , Teleeva G. L
Published: September 2020

This article studies the role of endogenous and exogenous factors in its development. Bacteriological investigation of urine samples of 1208 (100%) patients was performed. All the patients were servicemen of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan, they underwent treatment in three different hospitals in 2010-2016. The results of the research showed that the infectious process is an integral part in development of urolithiasis.