bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing and validating intra-farm and farm-to-farm wakes across different mesoscale and high-resolution wake models
Authors: Fischereit Jana , Schaldemose Hansen Kurt , Larsén Xiaoli Guo , van der Laan Maarten Paul , Réthoré Pierre-Elouan , Murcia Leon Juan Pablo
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Numerical wind resource modelling across scales from the mesoscale to the turbine scale is of increasing interest due to the expansion of offshore wind energy. Offshore wind farm wakes can last several tens of kilometres downstream and thus affect the wind resources of a large area. So far, scale-specific models have been developed but it remains unclear how well the different model types can represent intra-farm wakes, farm-to-farm wakes as well as the wake recovery behind a farm. Thus, in the present analysis the simulation of a set of wind farm models of different complexity, fidelity, scale and computational costs are compared among each other and with SCADA data. In particular, two mesoscale wind farm parameterizations implemented in the mesoscale Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF), the Explicit Wake Parameterization (EWP) and the Wind Farm Parameterization (FIT), two different high-resolution RANS simulations using PyWakeEllipSys equipped with an actuator disk model, and three rapid engineering wake models from the PyWake suite are selected. The models are applied to the Nysted and Rødsand II wind farms, which are located in the Fehmarn Belt in the Baltic Sea. Based on the performed simulations, we can conclude that both WRF + FIT (BIAS = 0.52 m s−1) and WRF + EWP (BIAS = 0.73 m s−1) compare well with wind farm affected mast measurements. Compared with the RANS simulations, baseline intra-farm variability, i.e. the wind speed deficit in between turbines, can be captured reasonably well with WRF + FIT using a resolution of 2 km, a typical resolution of mesoscale models for wind energy applications, while WRF + EWP underestimates wind speed deficits. However, both parameterizations can be used to estimate median wind resource reduction caused by an upstream farm. All considered engineering wake models from the PyWake suite simulate peak intra-farm wakes comparable to the high fidelity RANS simulations. However, they considerably underestimate the farm wake effect of an upstream farm although with different magnitudes. Overall, the higher computational costs of PyWakeEllipSys and WRF compared with those of PyWake pay off in terms of accuracy for situations when farm-to-farm wakes are important.
Poetry’s Community
Authors: Kelen Christopher
Published: May 2022

The paper examines the idea of community by means of its expression especially in modernist poetries. Theories of Bourdieu, Blanchot, Levinas, Lingis and especially Lyotard’s construct, the differend, are applied to the project of assessing the relationship between aesthetic practices and the communities in which they arise and which they make possible.
Where is Writing Now?: Australian University Creative Writing Programs at the End of the Millennium
Authors: Krauth Nigel
Published: May 2022

In the early 1990s, creative writing programs in Australia were ‘thrust’ into the university domain by the Dawkins amalgamations. Prior to that, there was no established national focus: no national peak body, no discipline-based research agenda, no political or academic networking, and no statistical analysis to portray the nature of the activity advancing apace on isolated campuses. Compared with the visual and performing arts disciplines, creative writing programs were unorganised and separatist, but they were aware of their potential for the future. This article reviews advances made by Australian university creative writing programs to date and considers some aspects of the situation after 2000 related to teaching and research.
A Question of Genre: de-mystifying the exegesis
Authors: Brady Tess
Published: May 2022

In this paper I wish to draw together two on-going debates which are being played out, at least in part, in TEXT. These debates concern the nature of research for the discipline of Creative Writing and those dealing with problems associated with awarding and assessing research higher degrees - MAs, MA(Hons), MPhils and PhDs. In particular I wish to suggest that the combination of these two debates sheds considerable light on the nature and role of the research higher degree’s exegesis which accompanies the creative product.
Relics, Images, and Christian Apotropaic Devices in the Roman-Persian Wars (4th-7th Centuries)
Authors: Serrano del Pozo Joaquin
Published: May 2022

This paper analyses the military use of holy relics, images, and other Christian apotropaic devices in the Roman-Persian wars. I examine a wide range of literary evidence from the 4th to the 7th century exploring where, why, and how different Christian objects were used in military contexts. Moreover, I consider different factors, as the local religious practices or the rivalry between the Christian Roman Empire and Zoroastrian Persia. I argue that the earliest military uses of relics and holy images happened in the context of the Roman-Persian conflict and frontier region, and that, during the 4th-7th centuries, these uses were much more common there than anywhere else. Also, that some local practices of this region could have been adopted by military officers and the Imperial elite. I propose that three factors could explain this: First, the intensity of the cult of relics and images in Syria and the Near East. Second, the growing identification of the Roman Empire as a Christian power between the 4th and 7th centuries. Finally, the Roman-Persian conflict and the climate of religious confrontation that grew over the course of the Byzantine-Sassanian wars.
Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation in SMEs Global Performance: Testing Marketing Strategies and Technological Orientation as Mediators
Authors: Aslam Sumaira , Shahid Muhammad Naeem , Aftab Faisal
Published: May 2022

Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) plays a key role in a firm’s success, particularly in the context of globalization.  Thus, EO has gained prompt attention because of an increasing trend of globalized markets and economies. This article expands the understanding of Entrepreneurial Orientation as it studies EO to assess Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs) global performance. The study extends the knowledge of SMEs entering global markets by considering firms’ marketing strategy and technological orientation as mediators. Through these mechanisms, corporate EO leads to cross-border excellence. The findings of this study, through a sample of 155 international SMEs in Pakistan, support the impact of EO on global performance whereas the marketing strategy and technological orientation serve as the mediators in this core relationship. The data were analyzed using a variance-based structural equation model (SEM) in Smart PLS software. The findings validate that SMEs, more concentrating on EO, are more able to explore new opportunities in global markets, but their small size, inadequate access to different resources and limited experience in operating in international markets prevents them from taking full advantage of arising opportunities. Hence the findings confirm the significance of EO in the globalization of SMEs however, it was also observed that although the marketing strategy and technological orientation may reduce the direct impact of EO on international performance, these mechanisms accelerate the indirect impact of EO as a tangible and intangible resource.
Reading the History of the Roman Fort in Apsaros (Autonomous Republic of Adjara, Georgia) from a Numismatic Perspective / Odczytując historię rzymskiego fortu w Apsaros (Adżarska Republika Autonomiczna, Gruzja) z perspektywy numizmatycznej
Authors: Jaworski Piotr
Published: May 2022

An analysis of coin finds recovered in recent years from the area of the former Roman fort in Apsaros (Gonio, Georgia), allows us to look at the periodization of the history of the Roman military presence in this place from a new perspective. The chronological structure of silver and bronze coins, including those found individually, in hoards and in small foundation deposits, clearly indicates the existence of only a few stages of increased coin inflow in the almost two-hundred-year history of the presence of Roman army units in Apsaros. All of them coincide with important military events in the East and seem to be a testimony to the periodic concentration of Roman troops in the fort. Between the waves of monetary inflow, one can easily observe periods in which coins only reached Apsaros to a limited extent. The aim of the paper is an attempt to interpret the main waves of coins entering the fort in Apsaros in a historical context.
《李爾王》、《哈姆雷特》以及《馬克白》悲劇中之崇高場景和崇高感覺的相融共存
Authors: 應芳瑜 應芳瑜
Published: May 2022

莎士比亞的皇室悲劇：《李爾王》、《哈姆雷特》、以及《馬克白》以瘋狂和死亡著名。將悲劇人物的極端情緒與相對應的場景並置，是為了悲劇結局—死亡—而鋪陳或預示。埃德蒙·伯克 (Edmund Burke) 定義了兩個審美範疇—優美與崇高，後者源自於痛苦和恐懼，是悲劇人物所表達的極端情緒。基於伯克對崇高的美學解釋，本研究假設這三部悲劇可能展現崇高感覺與崇高場景融合以預示悲慘的結局。有些主角在極端感情中掙扎時，他們就出現在崇高的場景中，漆黑的夜晚、懸崖峭壁、高山、暴風雨、無邊的大海都可能與他們被摧殘的心靈相匹配。本文的研究方法採用愛德蒙·伯克針對自然景物氣候和人類情感所提出的定義和弗洛伊德針對人類心理所提出的觀點來細細分析崇高場景和悲劇角色之崇高感覺相互搭襯的關係。在《李爾王》劇中，愛德伽偽裝成一個乞丐帶領他悲痛欲絕的父親(格洛斯特)到月光照耀的多佛懸崖。李爾王因為大女兒和二女兒的背叛而感到痛苦，所以離開女兒住處，隻身一人獨自在暗夜的暴風雨中遊蕩。在《哈姆雷特》劇中，哈姆雷特深深思念他死去的父親，因而在夜景中形象化了鬼魂。在《哈姆雷特》劇中的夜景，奧菲莉亞失魂落魄，唱著哀歌來哀悼她死去的父親。《馬克白》被公認為最黑暗的戲劇之一，本劇的開場就以閃電雷鳴的場景來歡迎三位女巫，她們說出了有關馬克白稱王的預言，因而讓這位崇高且恐怖的反派角色謀殺鄧肯、班柯、麥克德夫人和她的孩子們。驚恐萬分的馬克白夫人在夜間場景中產生視覺幻象。這三部悲劇中的崇高場景包覆了悲劇角色的崇高感覺，同時也反映了隱藏在悲劇背後的痛苦與悲傷。總而言之，崇高感覺和崇高場景有著類似的黑暗和無邊無際，基於這種同質性和相容性，兩者相融共存，本文舉例說明悲劇角色的崇高感覺和崇高場景互搭的美學境界。

 

Among Shakespeare’s royal tragedies, King Lear, Hamlet, and Macbeth are renowned for madness and death. Juxtaposing tragic characters’ extreme emotions with corresponding scenes is to pave the way for or foreshadow a tragic ending—death. Edmund Burke defined two aesthetic categories—beauty and sublimity, the latter is derived from pain and fear, which are the extreme emotions expressed by tragic characters. Grounded on Burke’s aesthetic explanation of sublimity, this study hypothesizes that these three tragedies may show a fusion of sublime feelings and sublime settings, foreshadowing dismal denouements. As some of main characters struggle with their extreme feelings, they appear in sublime scenes in which dark nights, cliffs, mountains, storms, and boundless sea may match their devastated minds. This study draws on Burke’s definitions of natural elements and human emotions and Sigmund Freud’s views of the human psyche to scrutinize the juxtaposition of tragic characters’ sublime feelings and sublime settings. In King Lear, Edgar, disguised as a beggar, leads his grief-stricken father, Gloucester, to a moonlit cliff at Dover. Lear, seriously affected by his elder daughters’ betrayal, feels emotional pain, and hence roams alone at night in a thunderstorm. Hamlet, obsessed by a deep feeling of sadness for the death of his father, visualizes the ghost in night scenes in Hamlet. Ophelia becomes distracted, singing a mourning song as a lament for her father’s death, at night in Hamlet. As one of the darkest plays, Macbeth begins with thunder and lightning that welcome three witches. The sublime and terror-striking villain, Macbeth, kills Duncan and orders the murders of Banquo and Lady Macduff and her children. Horror-stricken, Lady Macbeth experiences visual hallucinations in nighttime scenes. To sum up, this article exemplifies the aesthetic effects in which the tragic characters’ sublime feelings merge into the sublime settings in these three tragedies based on the homogeneity and compatibility.

 
Hábitos alimentarios de estudiantes universitarios. Una reflexión en torno al rendimiento académico
Authors:   Campus Universitario Siglo XXI, Ramírez María Isabel , Rojas Alonso Janira Anahi ,   Campus Universitario Siglo XXI, Fabela Sánchez Daniela Denisse ,   Campus Universitario Siglo XXI, Fuentes hernández Daniela Arisbeth ,   Campus Universitario Siglo XXI, Sánchez Juárez Dulce Isabel ,   Campus Universitario Siglo XXI
Published: May 2022

El presente escrito tiene el objetivo de exponer los resultados obtenidos en un estudio sobre hábitos alimentarios en estudiantes universitarios de distintas licenciaturas agrupadas en tres áreas de conocimiento: económico-administrativas, ciencias de la salud, recreación y alimentación. Los factores explorados fueron las preferencias, creencias y barreras al cambio de dieta, los cuales se examinan a la luz de indicadores generales de rendimiento académico. La investigación se hizo en una escuela privada ubicada en el Valle de Toluca, México; se usó un enfoque exploratorio para una muestra de 94 alumnos; los datos se recolectaron mediante la aplicación online de un cuestionario. Los resultados demostraron que la mayoría de los jóvenes refieren tener rutinas alimentarias saludables y reportan indicadores de un rendimiento académico favorable, no obstante, al realizar un análisis individualizado, se encontró que aquellos que se autoevalúan con un aprovechamiento regular manifiestan prácticas contrarias. Este comportamiento emparejado hace pensar en la falta de desarrollo de habilidades autogestivas para el aprendizaje y la vida en general. De tal manera, se recomienda que las instituciones promuevan este tipo de competencias, además de impulsar acciones para mejorar los hábitos alimentarios.
Pedagogía: teoría y praxis de la formación
Authors:   Instituto Superior de Ciencias de la Educación del Estado de México, Reyes Chávez Francisco
Published: May 2022

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación documental siendo el objetivo principal comprender el concepto de pedagogía a partir de dos categorías: la teoría y la praxis. La confrontación teórica se desarrolló, primero, desde la visión instrumental y, segundo, desde una concepción de orden filosófico. En el ejercicio de esta confrontación se comprendió que la pedagogía como teoría y práctica de la formación tiene un carácter de orden histórico-conceptual. Teóricamente se argumentó que la pragmática funcional mira a la teoría y la práctica como exteriorización de los actos, situados desde los sentidos y donde se les otorga un valor de regularidad, aplicabilidad y eficacia, por ello, resulta instrumental; en otras palabras, enseñar y aprender a partir de la realidad inmediata. Empero, por otro lado, se entiende a la pedagogía como constitutiva del hombre que se teje en y durante la experiencia interna, en este sentido, ésta concatena la teoría como un punto de partida para la reflexión histórica, misma que se resiste a las imposiciones inmediatas del mundo exterior y contribuye de forma dinámica a la interacción entre teoría y práctica que se potencian en la praxis pedagógica. El método que se utilizó fue la dialéctica crítica que propone como punto incisivo un contrapunto de la discusión conceptual arribando a ideas de orden creativo.
Russian Response to Syrian Crisis: A Neorealist Perspective
Authors: Manzoor Khan Afridi and Ali Jibran
Published: May 2022

This research aims to study the causes of military intervention of Russia into the Syrian crisis from the perspective of neorealism. Neorealism suggests that great powers are very careful about their structural position in an anarchic international system. This theory opines that self-help is the only rational behaviour of a state for its survival in anarchy. This study found that Russia has larger strategic and economic interests in Syria, particularly the fall of Assad’s regime could be detrimental to Moscow, which could threaten its position in international system. The protection of the Russian Tartus naval facility in Syria, sale of weapons, energy interests and a shield against Qatar gas pipeline in Syria are considered as a larger economic interest of Russia in Syria. The research will discuss Russia’s strategic and economic interests, which are directly related to its global position, by applying neorealism theory of international relations.
Progress and strength of response against non-communicable diseases in the US-affiliated Pacific Island jurisdictions, 2010-2021
Authors: Durand A Mark , Cash Haley , Durand Zoe
Published: May 2022

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the response to the 2010 declared regional noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) emergency in nine US-affiliated Pacific Island jurisdictions. Methods: Vital statistics and risk prevalence surveys were retrospectively reviewed using 14 standardized NCD risk, prevalence and death rate indicators to measure changes in health status over time. NCD risk and prevalence change scores were derived from subsets of these indicators, and NCD composite death rates were examined. An NCD strength-of-intervention score derived from a standardized regional monitoring tool provided measures for assessing responses aimed at curbing risk factors, prevalence and death rates. Associations between the strength-of-intervention score and changes in health status were examined. Results: Pairs of values were available for 97 of 126 individual comparisons for 14 core indicators in nine jurisdictions. The composite mean prevalence of all risk factors across the jurisdictions between baseline and follow-up (26.7% versus 24.3%, P=0.34) and the composite mean diabetes and hypertension prevalence (28.3% versus 28.2%, P=0.98) were unchanged, while NCD death rates increased (483.0 versus 521.9 per 100 000 per year, P<0.01). The composite strength-of-intervention score for the region was 37.2%. Higher strength-of-intervention scores were associated with improvements in health indicators. Discussion: Despite some improvements in selected NCD indicators at the jurisdiction level, there was no significant overall change in the prevalence of risk factors, diabetes and hypertension, and death rates have continued to increase since the NCD emergency declaration. However, the adoption of public sector NCD interventions was associated with improvements in health indicators.
Nosocomial outbreak of coronavirus disease in two general wards during the initial wave of the pandemic in 2020, Tokyo, Japan
Authors: Sakamoto Naoya , Ota Masay , Takeda Tomoko , Kosaka Atsushi , Washino Takuya , Iwabuchi Sentaro , Beppu Minako , Nishiduka Itaru , Matsui Tamano , Suzuki Motoi , Nakamura-Uchiyama Fukumi
Published: May 2022

Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first reported in China and subsequently spread worldwide. In Japan, many clusters occurred during the first wave in 2020. We describe the investigation of an early outbreak in a Tokyo hospital. Methods: A COVID-19 outbreak occurred in two wards of the hospital from April to early May 2020. Confirmed cases were individuals with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection linked to Wards A and B, and contacts were patients or workers in Wards A or B 2 weeks before the index cases developed symptoms. All contacts were tested, and cases were interviewed to determine the likely route of infection and inform the development of countermeasures to curb transmission. Results: There were 518 contacts, comprising 472 health-care workers (HCWs) and 46 patients, of whom 517 were tested. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 42 individuals (30 HCWs and 12 patients). The proportions of SARS-CoV-2 infections in HCWs were highest among surgeons, nurses, nursing assistants and medical assistants. Several HCWs in these groups reported being in close proximity to one another while not wearing medical masks. Among HCWs, infection was thought to be associated with the use of a small break room and conference room. Discussion: Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections occurred in two wards of a Tokyo hospital, affecting HCWs and patients. Not wearing masks was considered a key risk factor for infection during this outbreak; masks are now a mandated countermeasure to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospital settings.
TERAPIA MANUAL COMO TRATAMENTO DA DOR LOMBAR AGUDA
Authors: Assis Moraes Franciane , Carrijo Barbosa Gustavo
Published: May 2022

A dor lombar (DL) aguda caracteriza-se como um desconforto de início repentino e duração menor que seis semanas, que constitui uma das dez principais causas de internações, chegando a afetar 80% dos adultos no decorrer da vida. A utilização de terapias manuais (TM) como tratamento da dor lombar aguda pode promover aumento da capacidade funcional, da eficácia neuromuscular, além de prevenir lesões e evitar a realização de procedimentos cirúrgicos. Este estudo objetiva identificar ensaios clínicos que abordam técnicas de terapia manual e seus efeitos sobre a dor lombar aguda. Para isso, foi realizada uma busca on-line na base de dados PubMed® por artigos que abordassem a temática, sendo incluídos ensaios clínicos, disponíveis na íntegra, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. A amostra foi composta por cinco artigos, cuja população total compreendeu 617 participantes com dor lombar aguda, de 18 a 64 anos, dos quais 50,4% eram do sexo masculino. Os ensaios clínicos apontam a utilização de TM como promotora de efeitos benéficos sobre a DL em diferentes desfechos, desde hemodinâmicos até a melhora da satisfação do paciente e diminuição dos níveis de dor e incapacidade, que refletem diretamente na saúde desta população.

Palavras-chave: Fisioterapia; Manipulações musculoesqueléticas; Dor aguda; Dor lombar.
ANÁLISE COGNITIVA DOS GESTOS E DA DIREÇÃO DO OLHAR EM NARRATIVAS MULTIMODAIS DO PORTUGUÊS BRASILEIRO
Authors: Santos André Lisboa
Published: May 2022

Nesta dissertação, analisamos o comportamento dos gestos e da direção do olhar em narrativas multimodais do português brasileiro. Partimos da hipótese de que dois articuladores multimodais – especificamente, os gestos e a direção do olhar – configuram-se de modo independente em Espaços Mentais diferentes. A fim de demonstrar como se configuram esses articuladores em contextos narrativos no português brasileiro, selecionamos uma narrativa pessoal proferida pela atriz Marisa Orth no programa semanal “Que História é Essa, Porchat?”, do canal GNT. Em termos metodológicos, dividimos a narrativa em 11 ocorrências multimodais presentes em 3 blocos narrativos: 3 ocorrências presentes no bloco “Exposição”, a apresentação dos fatos iniciais; 5 ocorrências do bloco “Clímax” que se refere ao conflito, o momento culminante da história e 3 ocorrências do bloco “Desfecho”, a conclusão do conflito.  Em primeiro lugar, analisamos as escolhas linguísticas de cada ocorrência, e em seguida, partimos para a análise multimodal das ocorrências, com respaldo na identificação e descrição dos núcleos (strokes) gestuais e, posteriormente, identificamos a forma do gesto, levando em consideração os parâmetros do Sistema Linguístico de Anotação Gestual (LASG). No que diz respeito à marcação de Espaços Mentais pelos gestos, utilizamos os parâmetros que relacionam os gestos com o segmento da narração em que determinada interação se aloca, seja ele parte de uma interação no aqui-agora (Ground) ou parte de uma interação no contexto narrativo (Espaço Narrativo). Já no que diz respeito à marcação de Espaços Mentais pela direção do olhar, utilizamos as categorizações que verificam se o olhar de um narrador representa o olhar de uma personagem (no Espaço Narrativo) ou o olhar do próprio narrador na interação (no Ground). Apenas nos casos em que os gestos marcaram o Espaço Narrativo, analisamos logo após, se eles se configuram como gestos do ponto de vista do observador (O-VPT) ou como gestos do ponto de vista da personagem (C-VPT). Ainda nesses casos, analisamos os gestos quanto à sua função dominante no interior da narrativa: representação, expressão ou apelo. Do mesmo modo, somente nos casos em que a direção do olhar marcou o Espaço Narrativo, analisamos, também, a sua função no interior da narrativa: i) encenação da personagem e ii) narração propriamente dita. Os resultados demonstraram que a marcação predominante de Espaços Mentais pelos gestos foi a marcação do Espaço Narrativo e que a marcação predominante de Espaços Mentais pela direção do olhar foi a marcação do Ground.
Increased workplace bullying against nurses during COVID-19: A health and safety issue
Authors: Somani Rozina , Muntaner Carles , Smith Peter , Hillan Edith M. , Velonis Alisa J.
Published: May 2022

Nurses are the backbone of healthcare organizations. However, as frontline workers, nurses are regularly exposed to perilous conditions and workplace harassment, with a few or no avenues to report or seek adequate support. This causes frustration and stress among nurses and can eventually lead to compromised patient care. This also contributes to workplace bullying, which results in a toxic and stressful work environment. This problem is a global health and safety issue due to its highly negative impact on both individuals and organizations. Recent studies indicate that the COVID 19 pandemic has significantly increased incidents of workplace bullying against nurses. Several contributing factors have been highlighted, when considering the underlying causes of workplace bullying against nurses, including power disparity, organizational attributes, and the image of nurses, as portrayed in the media. Because the pandemic has brought the challenge of creating a safe work environment for nurses to the fore, now more than ever, healthcare organizations need to take bold actions to protect nurses. Nursing management needs to implement bullying prevention interventions that provide nurses with a safe work environment. Using empirical and theoretical literature as its basis, this paper aims to discuss workplace bullying against nurses and consider how this problem has been impacted by the COVID 19 pandemic. This paper recommends the application of a Socio Ecological Model (SEM), which provides evidence-based interventions intended to reduce workplace bullying against nurses.
A Survey of Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Orthopaedic Surgeon: Identifying Injuries, Exacerbating Workplace Factors, and Treatment Patterns in the Orthopaedic Community
Authors: Swank Katherine R. , Furness Jamie E. , Baker Erin , Gehrke Corinn K. , Rohde Rachel
Published: May 2022

Introduction:

As demand for orthopaedic care increases, the orthopaedic community must preserve access to skilled physicians. Workplace hazards and related injuries or conditions contribute to musculoskeletal (MSK) stress on orthopaedic surgeons, which can lead to undesirable medical leaves of absence or early retirement. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize work-related and non–work-related MSK conditions that affect orthopaedic surgeons and differential injury patterns among male and female surgeons. This study hypothesized that MSK conditions would be exacerbated by work, correlate with age, and show gender-based disparities. Identifying MSK conditions and associated workplace hazards may ultimately help guide preventive or protective efforts.

Methods:

Following IRB and society approvals, a modified 15-question physical discomfort survey was emailed to a randomized selection of American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) members and all Ruth Jackson Orthopaedic Society members. Data were deidentified and merged by AAOS; analyses were performed by the authors.

Results:

Most surgeons reported at least one MSK condition (86%; 95% male versus 82% female, P = 0.317), with an average of two conditions per surgeon. Low back pain (56%) and neck pain (42%) were the two most common conditions reported. Male surgeons were more likely to report medial epicondylitis (P = 0.040), lateral epicondylitis (P ≤ 0.001), low back pain (P = 0.001), and lumbar radiculopathy (P = 0.001); however, male respondents were significantly older than female respondents (57 versus 43 years, P ≤ 0.0001), and some conditions were age-correlated. Most respondents reported at least one work-attributed MSK condition (64%; 68% male versus 62% female, P = 0.806). Caseload was not associated with an increased number of work-related MSK conditions; yet, 60% of surgeons reported that work worsened symptoms. Surgical treatment was sought most often for lumbar radiculopathy (6%) and carpal tunnel syndrome (6%). Sixty-nine leaves of absence were reported; most less than 1 month (55%). Exacerbating workplace factors included positioning (patient/surgeon), instruments, and personal protective equipment.

Discussion:

Work-related MSK conditions are common among orthopaedic surgeons. Greater awareness of potential workplace-related hazards and conditions is needed to address and mitigate negative MSK health effects on orthopaedic surgeons.
Alveolar echinococcosis located in the liver: Report of a case
Authors: Ozsoy Mehmet , Buyuker Fatih , Baysal Hakan , Alimoglu Orhan
Published: May 2022

Echinococcosis is a parasitic infection caused by larval and cyst stages of Echinococcus granulosus living in dogs in humans. The definitive host of the parasite is dog, intermediate hosts are sheep, cattle and humans. The causative pathogen is mostly Echinococcus granulosus. Echinococcus multilocularis (alveolaris) and other agents are less common. Only 3% of hepatic hydatid cysts are alveolar hydatid cysts. In this study, we aimed to present a case of Alveolar echinococcosis located in the right lobe of the liver due to Ecinococcus alveolaris, together with the operation images.
We evaluated the preoperative, peroperative and postoperative course of a patient who was examined with abdominal pain in our clinic and in radiological and serological examinations, we found an alveolar hydatid cyst located in the liver and underwent surgery.
Our patient was a 31-year-old female. She applied for abdominal pain. Ultrasonography revealed a cystic mass of approximately 17 cm in diameter in the right lobe of the liver. In laboratory examinations, the hydatid hemagglutination test was positive at a titer of 1/2560. Hematological and biochemical parameters were normal. MRI showed a 171*125 mm sized, lobulated, locally calcified cystic mass in the right lobe of the liver. After evaluating the relationship of the lesion defined in CT angiography imaging with vascular structures, the decision to operate was made with the diagnosis of Alveolar echinococcosis.. Nonanatomical segmental right hepatectomy and total cyst excision operation was performed in our patient who was thought to have Alveolar echinococcosis based on clinical, serological and radiological findings. The patient, who had an uneventful postoperative period, was discharged on the 7th postoperative day with full recovery.
In cases of echinococcosis, the treatment is determined according to the type of the agent, the stage and localization of the lesion. Medical treatment, PAIR and surgery are the treatment options that can be applied. Total excision of the mass is recommended in cases of Alveolar echinococcosis.
Cystic Echinococcosis in Children: Addressing Research Needs, Filling Knowledge Gaps
Authors: Borhani Mehdi , Bazargan Nasrin , Eslami Shahryar , Fathi Saeid , Harandi Majid
Published: May 2022

Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) is a common neglected disease in many communities around the world, causing substantial costs on the endemic communities. CE has been considered a disease of adulthood, mostly affecting age groups within 20-59 years. However, CE can be seen in early life even in patients younger than 5 years. While the disease is frequently reported from children in the endemic areas across the globe, children CE is even more neglected and under-represented in the literature. Here we present an overview on this topic, summarizing main features of pediatric CE, current findings, existing knowledge and information gaps and research needs on this issue.
In adults the lungs are involved in less than 30% of CE cases, however in children, pulmonary hydatid disease has been reported to be up to 67%. Different patterns of hydatid cyst and multiple organ involvement have been frequently observed in children, probably due to the immature filtering mechanisms of the liver and lungs during infancy and childhood and the role of intestinal lymphatic channels in dissemination of the parasite. It is believed that children immune system is less responsive to hydatid cysts, therefore serological assays of CE in children are likely to result in more false negative outcomes. As the proportion of internal organs occupied by the cyst is much greater in children than the adult patients, CE in children is more likely to be symptomatic than adults.
Another peculiar aspect of pediatric CE is that the disease has been more frequently observed in boys than girls. According to the data recently published by the European Register of Cystic Echinococcosis the contribution of male patients is more than the females in children and adolescents. While males constitute 65% of the CE patients in 0-9 years age group, the proportion decreased to 50% and 45% in 30-39 and 70-79 years age groups, respectively.
Considerable gaps of knowledge exist in pediatric echinococcosis and further investigations are required on this topic. Major information gaps in children CE include the lack of age-specific data, natural history, detailed clinical picture, clinical trials of non-surgical approaches, genotype data, specific guidelines for diagnosis and treatment and WHO ultrasound classification.
Corporate Social Responsibility in Indonesia: A Transformation of Local Wisdom Perspectives
Authors: Djufri  , Wilestari Median , Molina
Published: May 2022

This paper seeks to explore the motivation of management to conduct corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and disclose it in financial reports from their understanding of local wisdom, using Indonesian companies as a case study. The methodology was carried out through several steps: 1) Survey method by sending questionnaires to selected companies; 2) Content analysis method to determine the scores of CSR disclosures based on the required disclosure standards; 3) Analyzing the results of the company's financial performance to its CSR activities. The empirical evidence proofing that CSR is the transformation of local wisdom into actions and strategies of the company even has not fully become the company's core program. But there are limitations of this study, including the subjectivity of respondents' views concerning the cost of CSR. In addition, it needs to be further clarified because interview (qualitative) data are still very limited. The paper enhances the altruistic attitude shown by the company's management about CSR implementation from their understanding of the local wisdom as a contribution. Therefore, it can be recommended to be a national CSR movement in terms of sustainable development in Indonesia for the next.
Prueba de videovigilancia, tutela de los derechos fundamentales y justificación del despido disciplinario: límites y requisitos de razonabilidad jurídica
Authors: Monereo Pérez José Luis
Published: May 2022

Esta sentencia del Tribunal Supremo de 285/2022, de 30 de marzo, versa sobre la problemática de la admisibilidad de la prueba de videovigilancia aportada por la empresa para justificar el despido disciplinario del trabajador, y asimismo sobre los requisitos necesarios de la prueba basada en la videovigilancia y la atención a los principios de "balanceamiento" o ponderación entre los derechos en juego. La admisibilidad de una prueba de videovigilancia para despedir disciplinariamente al trabajador está sometida a un sistema de límites y condiciones de validez ineludibles, cuya inobservancia puede afectar a la calificación judicial del despido.
This judgment of the Supreme Court of 285/2022, of March 30, deals with the problem of the admissibility of the video surveillance evidence provided by the company to justify the disciplinary dismissal of the employee, and also with the necessary requirements of the evidence based on video surveillance and the attention to the principles of "balancing" or weighting between the rights at stake. The admissibility of video surveillance evidence for the disciplinary dismissal of the employee is subject to a system of unavoidable limits and conditions of validity, the non-observance of which may affect the judicial qualification of the dismissal.
Levels of Heavy Metals Contamination (As, Cd, Hg, Pb) in Some Human Consumption Water Sources in Agbangnizoun and Za-Kpota Town Halls, Southern Benin
Authors: Azokpota Emmanuel , Karim Alassane Youssao Abdou , Avocefohoun Alphonse , Moussa Abdoul Kader Alassane , Adandedjan Constant , Ahyi Virgile , Alowanou Jean Christian , Adounkpe Julien , Mama Daouda , Sohounhloue Dominique
Published: May 2022

In the current decades, the increasing presence of metallic contaminants in water for human consumption has become a major public health concern. This concern is even more pronounced in rural areas such as in the Town Halls of Agbangnizoun and Za-Kpota where the majority of households use surface water, wells and tanks to satisfy their daily drinking water needs, without any prior treatment, due to the low level of access to drinking water supplied by the State. This study aims at assessing the levels of contamination of these resources in mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As). The mercury was determined using the cold vapor technique by the Direct Mercury Analyzer (DMA-80) while lead and cadmium were analyzed by molecular absorption spectrophotometry by the DR 3900. The Arsenic was extracted by distillation using the silver diethyldithiocarbamate method then measured by molecular spectrophotometry technique. The results show that surface waters contain great quantities of metals than well and cistern waters. Lead (220.97 ± 9.45 µg/L) and cadmium (20.13 ± 0.17 µg/L) in surface waters have levels above WHO guidelines and Bénin standards. On the other hand, there is no significant difference between the metal concentrations of well and cistern waters at the 5% threshold compared to the borehole water (witness sample). Significant correlations are established between toxic metals (Pb and Cd) and physical parameters (turbidity and suspended matters) at the threshold of 1 %. As for mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As), the concentrations are very lower than these of Cd and Pb and below the quantification limit of the device. These results confirm that the surface waters consumed by the populations of the Town Halls of Agbangnizoun and Za-Kpota do not respect drinking water standards.
Perfectionism vis-à-vis Dance Motivation of students in learning the Art Form in selected Local Colleges in Pampanga, Philippines
Authors: Joseph Lobo  , Genesis Dimalanta  , Clarenz Bautista
Published: May 2022

A descriptive-correlational study which aims to determine the relationship between perfectionism and dance motivation of students learning the art form from selected local colleges in Pampanga, Philippines. DMQ and BTPS were used to gather data from (378) Bachelor of Physical Education (BPEd) and Bachelor of Performing Arts (BPeA) students. Pearson r analysis result found out that perfectionism has a positive significant relationship to dance motivation of students. Based on the result, this study concludes that perfectionism has a positive outcome to students’ dance motivation in learning the said art form. This study provides new and valuable insight into perfectionism and dance motivation, most specifically in dance research. Limitations of this study is acknowledged and directions for future research is recommended.
EFFICACY OF TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE COMPARED WITH ENTECAVIR TO TREAT CHRONIC HEPATITIS B VIRUS MONOINFECTION PATIENTS
Authors:   Tehsil Head Quarter Hospital Pindigheb Attock Pakistan, Saleem Saira , Iqbal Naila ,   Izzat Ali Shah Hospital Wah Cantt Rawalpindi, Pakistan, Shabbir Sundas ,   Quetta Institute of Medical Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan, Iqbal Firdous ,   Al-Aleem Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan, Ghazal Lubna ,   Wah Medical College Wah Cantt Rawalpindi Pakistan, Zahra Fatima Tuz ,   Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (National University of Medical Sciences), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Published: May 2022

Objectives: To assess the efficacy among tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and entecavir (ETV) in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B monoinfection patients. Material and Methods: A cross sectional analytical study carried out at District Headquarter Hospital Attock at PKLI (Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute) between January 2019 to July 2020. Total 120 chronic HBV patients with quantitative PCR having DNA viral load > 20,000IU /ml after the treatment failure with any other Nucleos(t)ide Analogues (Lamivudine, Adefovir, Telbivudine) or PEG-IFN (peglyated interferon) were considered. The patients were sorted in two groups, 60 were given TDF (group 1) and 60 were given entecavir (group 2) for a period of 6 months. Follow up carried out after 24 weeks by comparing HBV-DNA levels to compare efficacy between two drugs. Assessment of treatment eligibility for chronic HBV mono-infection is formed by investigating the extent of existing liver disease by ultrasound examination, complete blood count (CBC), liver function tests (LFTs) and Aspartate aminotransferase to platelets ratio index (APRI) score. Results: Range for age of patients was 15~65 years, divided further into three groups 15~19 years 12(10%), 20~60 years 84(70%) and 61~65 years 24(20%). The gender distribution based on these groups was 84(70%) males and 36(30%) females. After 6 months of treatment with TDF / entecavir drugs, compensated liver with better prognosis was showed by TDF 60(50%) and decompensated liver 19(15.8%), cirrhosis 29(24.2%), and fibrosis 12(10%) by entecavir with significant p value <0.001. Post treatment virological response (HBV-DNA levels) at 24 weeks was markedly higher among group 1 (TDF treatment) rather than group 2 (ETV treatment) i.e. 53(88.3%) and 42(70%) respectively. Conclusion: Efficacy of TDF is better than ETV for treatment of chronic HBV monoinfection patients. Key Words: APRI score, Chronic HBV, Entecavir, Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.
Aplicação do IVCF-20 adaptado para o telefone como estratégia de avaliação em tempos de Covid-19
Authors: Silva Rosa Renata , Da Silva Constante Daniel , Cheche Pina Fábio Luiz
Published: May 2022

ResumoIntrodução: o risco de fragilidade em idosos é algo que deve ser monitorizado, sendo importante seu acompanhamento pelo sistema de saúde, especialmente durante uma pandemia. Objetivo: estimar o risco de fragilidade em idosos comunitários adscritos de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) durante a pandemia de COVID-19 com a aplicação do questionário de Índice de Vulnerabilidade Clínico-Funcional-20 (IVCF-20) adaptado para telefone. Métodos: estudo transversal com 152 idosos (≥ 60 anos) de ambos os sexos, cadastrados na Estratégia em Saúde da Família referente a uma UBS na região urbana de Londrina-PR. A coleta de dados foi realizada em etapa única, durante contato telefônico, utilizando para o registro de informações o IVCF-20, sendo realizadas três tentativas de contato telefônico. Resultados: 68,4% dos idosos eram hipertensos e 24,3% diabéticos. Com relação à moradia, 94,7% dos idosos “não” moram sozinhos e 70,4% possuem uma “boa percepção de saúde”. Para classificação do IVCF-20, 73,0% dos homens são classificados como “robustos”, quando comparados às mulheres (51,7%). Conclusão: a aplicação do IVCF-20 por telefone apresenta capacidade de uso em momentos de risco para a saúde pública, como a pandemia de COVID-19.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN SUAMI DENGAN TINGKAT STRES IBU YANG MEMILIKI ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS DI SEKOLAH LUAR BIASA
Authors: Hendrikus Novanolo Laia  , Friska Sinaga  , Susanti Niman
Published: May 2022

Berdasarkan hasil studi pendahuluan dengan melakukan wawancara pada 10 ibu ABK di SLB, didapatkan ibu mengatakan sering mangalami kelelahan, sakit kepala dalam merawat, mengawasi anak berkebutuhan khusus, kurangnya pembagian tugas dalam membantu mendampingi, mengasuh, dan memberikan informasi tentang cara menghadapi ABK dari suami. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan suami dengan tingkat stres ibu ABK di SLB. Dukungan adalah informasi dan umpan balik dari orang lain yang menunjukkan bahwa seseorang dicintai, dihargai, dihormati dan dilibatkan dalam jaringan komunikasi dan kewajiban timbal balik. Stres adalah suatu reaksi fisik dan psikis terhadap setiap tuntutan yang menyebabkan ketegangan dan mengganggu stabilitas kehidupan sehari-hari. Metode penelitian ini yaitu kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif korelasional melalui pendekatan cross­-sectional dengan analisa data menggunakan uji Spearman rank. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan angket yang dibagikan pada 146 ibu ABK dengan teknik total sampling. Hasil penelitian didapatkan ada hubungan antara dukungan suami dengan tingkat stres ibu yang memiliki ABK di SLB dengan (p-value 0,004 <0,05). Peneliti menyarankan kepada SLB untuk membuat kegiatan “Family Support Group”.
PENGETAHUAN DALAM MENERAPKAN EARLY WARNING SCORE MAHASISWA PROFESI NERS UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA
Authors: Hanna Diana manurung  , Untung Sudharmono
Published: May 2022

Kasus henti jantung bisa terjadi dimana saja. Kematian yang diakibatkan oleh henti jantung dapat diturunkan dengan Early Warning Score System yaitu sebuah system peringatan dini yang berupa skor yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan terjadinya perburukan kondisi pasien dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan pengelolaan perawatan pasien secara menyeluruh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan early warning score system pada mahasiswa profesi Ners Universitas Advent Indonesia mengenai hal-hal yang mungkin dilakukan untuk menurunkan angka kematian yang diakibatkan oleh henti jantung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian pre eksperimental yang menggunakan the one group post test only. Jumlah subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 mahasiswa perawat Universitas Advent Indonesia jenjang profesi. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan hasil pada data mean nilai pengetahuan mahasiswa dalam menerapkan early warning score system adalah 81. Hal ini berarti mahasiwa profesi ners mempunyai pengetahuan dalam menerapkan arly warning score system dalam kategori tinggi.
TINJAUAN KELENGKAPAN PENGISIAN RESUME MEDIS RAWAT INAP PADA KASUS KEBIDANAN DAN KANDUNGAN GUNA MENUNJANG KUALITAS REKAM MEDIS INFORMASI KESEHATAN DI RSUD CILEUNGSI
Authors: Friska Putri Novrianti  , Imelda Retna Weningsih
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini didasarkan adanya temuan persentase kelengkapan pengisian resume medis rawat inap pada kasus kebidanan dan kandungan di RSUD Cileungsi sebesar 70%. Resume medis adalah ringkasan seluruh perawatan dan pengobatan pasien selama dirawat di rumah sakit yang dilakukan oleh dokter. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui gambaran mengenai kelengkapan pengisian resume medis rawat inap pada kasus kebidanan dan kandungan di RSUD Cileungsi. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dan sampel sebanyak 95 resume medis rawat inap pada kasus kebidanan dan kandungan di RSUD Cileungsi periode 2018-2020. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu standar operasional prosedur belum mengatur secara spesifik mengenai pengisian reume medis rawat inap, persentase kelengkapan pengisian 95 resume medis rawat inap masih belum terisi 100%. Faktor penyebab tidak terisinya resume medis diantaranya adalah faktor manusia (dokter, perawat dan petugas rekam medis), faktor metode (prosedur) dan faktor mesin (SIMRS Modul Rekam Medis) yang berdampak pada kualitas informasi resume medis. Sudah dilakukan upaya untuk menangani masalah tersebut tetapi belum berdampak secara signifikan. Disarankan kepala rekam medis megevaluasi buku pedoman untuk membahas mengenai standar operasional prosedur spesifik yang mengatur kriteria pengisian resume medis rawat inap, jika terdapat item yang tidak dapat dilengkapi maka diisi dengan kata “tidak ada” atau tanda “-“ (strip), kemudian mengevaluasi design resume medis khususnya bagian margin resume medis agar resume medis menjadi lebih sederhana dan mudah untuk diisi dan dilengkapi.