bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Latent crime and police statistics: The role of sense of security in the law enforcement work
Authors: Čvorović Dragana
Published: January 2023

The social response to crime is implemented through crime control, that is, through the criminal justice system, crime prevention, law enforcement, and community and social programs and intervention methods outside the justice system. Examining the impact of the crime control system and institutions on crime is a relatively new trend in criminology, which is shown in the research presented in the paper. When researching the causality that causes crime, the attention of science is inevitably directed to the criminal justice system, primarily due to social phenomena such as the phenomenon of latent crime, and the conceptual paradox of subjective and objective security. In addition to examining the creation process of criminal statistics, the paper focuses on exploring the nature of latent crime and objective and subjective security. The relationship between subjective perceptions of security and the objective security situation in today's modern risk society is given a detailed evaluation. The question rightly arises as to what the police alone can do to counteract the deterioration in the sense of security and what other social processes are involved that go beyond their scope and objective scope of action. The subjective sense of security is difficult or impossible to separate from the latent crime in the given social environment or how law enforcement agencies respond to crime. If the quality of law enforcement is primarily determined by the effort to improve criminal statistics, the gap between objective and subjective security will naturally increase.
Reformatio in peius in criminal procedure
Authors: Pejović Krsto
Published: January 2023

In the paper, we tried to comprehensively define the field of application of the prohibition of reformatio in peius, and to present theoretical, divergent, interpretations of this provision, as well as to try to illustrate all this with the practice of both regular and constitutional courts. We have seen that the provision of Article 400 of the Montenegrin Code of Criminal Procedure is not enough to be interpreted only linguistically. This provision hides much more. First of all, the phrase "appeal filed only in favor of the defendant" should be interpreted in the same way when the prosecutor filed an appeal that was rejected. In addition, we have seen that this prohibition binds both the second-instance court when deciding on the appeal and the first-instance court in the retrial, if the decision is revoked. The practice of international courts, more specifically the European Court of Human Rights and the Court of Justice of the European Union, represented an unavoidable sequence in the presentation. We have seen that the ECtHR did not affirm this prohibition in its practice. Moreover, it could be said that if the national courts respect the ECHR standards inaugurated so far, a stricter legal qualification and (or) a stricter criminal sanction against the defendant in the new proceedings would be allowed. It only remains for us to see whether the ECtHR, over time, will change this practice, or whether we, under the undoubted authority of this court, will marginalize this provision.
Elements of the principle of determination of truth in the procedural rules of the International Criminal Court
Authors: Škundrić Aleksa
Published: January 2023

The main goal of this paper is to reveal if the principle of determination of truth, understood in its traditional, continental law manner, is accepted in the criminal procedure of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and to which extent. In order to fulfill that goal, the author analyses main phases of the proceedings before ICC and points out in each of them the rules which derive from the principle of determination of truth. Also, the author explains and polemicizes with the main theoretical approaches to this issue. Furthermore, some of the most visible normative solutions that are contrary to the principle of determination of truth are being emphasised. Guided by the results of the conducted analysis, the author measures the scope of the principle of determination of truth in the ICC criminal procedure. Therefore, it has been determinated that the influence of the said principle is at its most visible in the early stages of the proceedings (investigation and confirmation of charges), while it fades out in its later stages. Finally, it is being discussed whether it would be better to incorporate the principle of determination of truth to a larger extent in the procedure before ICC, having especially in mind a great importance and historical role that ICC has (or, better said, aspires to have).
Prison sentence in the 21st century
Authors: Đurđević Milica
Published: January 2023

In this study, we analyze the features of modern imprisonment. The author, first of all, starts by pointing out the trend of penal populism which imposes a series of negative consequences for the entire social system and then evaluates five main theses related to criticism of the criminal sanctions which were indeed raised by Foucault with an aim to determine whether ultimately, today, something has been altered in the era of global integrations, self-proclaimed democratic societies and increasingly loud proclamations for the protection of human rights and freedoms. The following part of the study is committed to contemplating the positive and negative consequences of life imprisonment, as of latterly initiated punishment in the system of criminal sanctions of the Republic of Serbia, with an allusion to sole comparative law solutions.
Economic performance of specialized field crops farms producing sweet corn
Authors: Nastić Lana , Todorović Saša , Ivanović Sanjin
Published: January 2023

Sweet corn is not commonly produced at Serbian family farms, although it has a significant economic potential. Besides, there is a lack of research related to economic performance of the sweet corn production. Therefore, the goal of this research was to determine economic effects of introducing sweet corn in the sowing structure of specialized field crops farms in Serbia. The analysis was performed on the model of family farm specialized in the field crops production. Determination of average gross margin for appropriate field crops was followed by the optimization of farms' sowing structure (by applying linear programming approach). Authors analyzed three variants depending on sweet corn participation in the sowing structure. It was determined that the optimization itself increases the use of labor force and positively influences the level of farm gross margin. By combining the optimization with the introduction of sweet corn in the sowing structure even better results are achieved. Therefore, family farms specialized in the field crops production should be encouraged to extend their sowing structure by producing sweet corn. The paper offers an important insight into the combination of crops which can improve an overall economic performance of family farms.
After Action Review as a tool for implementation of the knowledge management program
Authors: Vukanović-Dumanović Vesna , Avlijaš Goran , Jokić Stevo
Published: January 2023

The lack of practical tools enabling the effective management of knowledge flows usually leads to business failures. It is common for organizations to face challenges, but it is also quite reasonable to expect that they will encounter the same problems unless the time is invested in problem analysis and lessons learned are developed. This paper investigates the capabilities of the After-Action Review, a tool designed to systematically manage the knowledge gained from experience as an extremely valuable source. We believe that the knowledge derived from experience becomes a compass that helps organizations understand everything that has happened, anticipate the challenges ahead and prepare their response. Literature review confirmed that After Action Review tool provides support to organizations in their efforts to transform their strategy and make it knowledge oriented. A primary research conducted as part of this paper confirmed that capturing, documenting, and sharing of lessons learned plays a significant role in identifying learning potentials and using experience, while maintaining the focus towards the future.
Website promotion of dental institutions: An example of Serbia as a dental tourism destination
Authors: Garabinović Dušan , Anđelić Slavica , Papić Miloš
Published: January 2023

Modern means of tourism promotion have become difficult to imagine without the Internet usage. As one of the oldest forms of presentation on the Internet, a website still plays an important role that should not be neglected. In this paper, website is considered as the basis for establishing better promotional activities of the existing dental institutions in health tourism, or dental tourism, to be more specific. Health tourism is one of the potentials for tourism development in the Republic of Serbia, although not exploited in its full potential. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the dental tourism institutions marketing management practice overview in Serbia, indicating the situation in online presence of health institutions highlighted by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Serbia. Forty dental institutions were analysed from the point of the official website existence as well as their structural and content characteristics.
Development of a trading strategy for risk-averse investors based on VaR models
Authors: Cicmil Danica , Đaković Miloš , Inđić Milica
Published: January 2023

In this paper various topics related to programming, statistics and financial modelling were addressed with the main idea of establishing a trading strategy. As discussed in the paper, no research has been done on this topic. On the other hand, much research has been done on which model is better, which distribution or confidence level is more appropriate or provides better forecasting capabilities. No one has investigated whether these differences could lead to a development of trading strategy. The paper starts with a definition of the gap in literature and practice. Then the research methodology is outlined in detail. Formulas and parameters are defined and presented. The main conclusion of this paper is the importance of GARCH VaR and the possibility of creating trading strategies. As long as the difference between the GARCH VaR and the other two VaRs does not exceed 1.5%, there is no need to leave the market. Should this situation change, one should leave the market as long as these differences do not fall below 1.50%.
Combating the criminal offense of tax evasion as a key factor in the fight against the "grey" economy
Authors: Jovanović Aleksandra
Published: January 2023

Tax liability, the interest of the social community in order to finance its vital interests, represents a legal obligation and the most important source of budget revenue. Taxpayers, feeling this obligation as a burden on their own economic position, change their economic decisions, which commit criminal acts against the economy, have a negative effect on the economy and harm the social community, affecting the amount of financing of public goods and common needs. The purpose of the article is to highlight the importance of prevention and criminal law repression in order to suppress the criminal offense of tax evasion, and all in the interest of the social community, its economic stability and the economy, by analyzing the form of threats to the fiscal system of violation of tax regulations. To that end, the first part of the article deals with the economic impact of tax evasion, the normative framework of tax evasion and their application in practice, and the second part provides a comparative overview of the causes of tax evasion and measures to combat it. The conclusion of the paper contains de lege ferenda proposals for combating tax evasion, through an institutional, legal and socioeconomic framework.
Pandemic crisis: Macroeconomic effects and reaction of economic authorities
Authors: Jakšić Pavle
Published: January 2023

The crisis caused by the pandemic of the Covid-19 virus has affected all aspects of life, and therefore economic activity on both the micro and macro levels. The aim of the paper is to identify the negative consequences of the Pandemic crisis on the financial markets of the most developed economies in the world. Using the method of analyzing the key macroeconomic parameters of the selected countries, it is possible to compare the intensity of the impact of the aforementioned crisis. Also, by comparing the movement of the value of the gross domestic product during the Global Recession and the Pandemic Crisis, the author intends to compare which crisis had a greater impact on the decline in the value of the mentioned indicator. In addition, the paper also shows the key economic measures undertaken during 2020 and how these measures affected the movement of public debt in relation to the gross domestic product.
Evaluation of transport and storage performance in the European Union
Authors: Lukić Radojko
Published: January 2023

The evaluation of transport and storage performance is continuously current, significant and complex. This paper analyzes the performance of transport and storage in the European Union based on the MARCOS method. The research results show that in terms of transport and storage performance, the top five countries in order include: Germany, France, Spain, Italy and Poland. The developed countries of the European Union are therefore in question. The performance of transport and storage is better in Croatia than in Slovenia due to, among other things, the significantly lower overall procurement of goods and services. The improvement of transport performance can be significantly influenced by effective control of analyzed factors (number of companies, number of employees, turnover, total procurement of goods and services, personnel, added value by factor costs and gross operating surplus). The implementation of the concept of sustainable development and digitization of the entire transport and storage business plays a significant role.
Analysis of urban development on land cover changes of three cities of Gujarat state, India
Authors: Patel Alpesh , Suthar Anil
Published: January 2023

Urbanization generally serves as a key navigator of the economic growth and development of the country. There is a need for fast and accurate urban planning to accommodate more and more people in the city area. Remote sensing technology has been used for planning the expansion and design of city areas. A novel machine learning (ML) classifier formed by combining AdaBoost and extra trees algorithm have been investigated for change detection in the urban area of three cities in the Gujarat region of India. Using Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) Resourcesat-2 LISS IV satellite images, the performance of the object-based AdaBoosted extra trees classifier (ABETC) in terms of overall accuracy (OA) and kappa coefficient (KC) for urban area change detection was compared to benchmarked object-based algorithms. As the first step in object-based classification (OBC), the Shepherd segmentation algorithm was used to segment satellite images. For all three cities, the object-based ABETC demonstrated the highest efficiency when compared to conventional classifiers. The rise in the built-up area of Ahmedabad city has been noted by 87.39 sq km from the year 2011 to 2020 showing the urban development of the city. This increase in the built-up area of Ahmedabad was compensated by the depletion of 30.26 sq. km. vegetation area, and 57.13 sq. km. of open land class. The built-up area of Vadodara and Rajkot city has been enlarged by 17.24 sq km and 6.79 sq km respectively. The highest OA of 96.04% and KC of 0.94 has been noted for a satellite image of Vadodara city with a novel object based ABETC algorithm.
The effects of using social networks on the self-esteem of adolescents and their attitude towards education and the future
Authors: Glušac Dragana , Perić-Prkosovački Bojana , Nikolić Milan
Published: January 2023

The paper presents a study aimed at determining the connection between the use of the Internet and social networks and the level of adolescent self-esteem and self-assessment of their own qualities and abilities, as well as determining the correlation between the social network use with children's educational aspirations. Adolescents' attitudes towards people, fear of the future, their willingness to take risks, reading classic books and attitudes towards multimedia learning and reading were also detected. The research was conducted by examining the attitudes of adolescents aged 14 to 19 years. The data were obtained by processing N=599 questionnaires of a representative focused sample of adolescents - high school students in the Republic of Serbia. The research was conducted in 2021. Descriptive, correlation and regression analysis was used in data processing. Descriptive analysis showed that the lowest average score was achieved for the dimension related to reading classic books, and the highest for the dimensions of attitude towards people and fear of the future. Correlative analysis between the dimensions showed that self-esteem and the use of social networks are not related, but the more positive attitude towards education, the higher are standards and the more positive are attitudes towards people. A similar finding is in the regression analysis, which shows that what affects self-esteem is the value of one's own standards, the attitude towards people, as well as the fear of the future.
The influence of claims payments on the investment portfolio of insurance companies
Authors: Pantić Nemanja , Mikulič Karmen , Lekovič Miljan
Published: January 2023

The need for insurance dates back from the distant past. A lot of time has passed from the primitive insurance forms to its institutionalization and legal implementation. The modern insurance market, regardless of its global character is not equally developed. The unevenness of development is one of its main characteristics, often connected with the achieved level of economic development. Numerous factors influences on the investment activities of insurance companies as the carriers of the insurance market. The subject of this paper will be the examination of the connection of payments of insured sums (damages) on the redistribution of the investment portfolio on the capital market. For this purpose will be formulated two hypotheses, separately for the non-life and life insurance market. Examination of the relationship between the considered variables will be conducted by using SPSS statistical software, ie the Chi-squared test. Regardless of proving the hypotheses will not be possible to draw unique conclusions for both markets.
Evolution of earnings management practice: A new threat to the quality of financial reports
Authors: Miletić Snežana , Radić Siniša
Published: January 2023

Profit management mechanisms can be realized by applying accounting techniques or by undertaking real transactions. In the first case, opportunistic behavior is directed towards the calculation components of accounting results, while manipulations of real transactions have repercussions on cash flows. Based on a qualitative analysis of relevant international and domestic literature related to the problem of profit management, the paper presents the consequences, limitations and risks associated with different profit management techniques. In many researches conducted in developed economies, the evolution of profit management practices from accounting manipulations to manipulations through real transactions has been confirmed. As methodological instruments for assessing real manipulations are still scarce, the aim of the paper is to draw the public's attention to the practice of profit management through real transactions because it is a more perfidious form that significantly reduces the risk of detection. In addition, the paper contributes to the definition of a new area of research towards which the academic accounting community should direct its efforts in the future.
The role of logistics in creating company value
Authors: Issa Hemed , Dašić Miloš , Todorov Janko
Published: January 2023

The management of production companies as a dynamic and complex process is aimed primarily at the efficient and effective use of limited resources in order to realize the set goals. In this way, the successful competitive position of the company is conditioned by an adequate and capable management that follows the changes in the environment, which manifest as opportunities and risks for the company. In modern business conditions, as an area with extremely high potential for creating a favorable competitive position is logistics, i.e. supply chains, as the aspiration of business entities to integrate their business activities and extend their influence all the way to consumers. Such an open system influences the value creation process and offers much greater potential for profit.
I fight, therefore I am: Success factors of Roma university students from Serbia
Authors: Simić Nataša , Vranješević Jelena
Published: January 2023

In spite of the improvements in the inclusive policies and practices, Roma students are still underrepresented in higher education (HE) in Serbia. The main aim of this study is to ascertain contextual and personal factors of the success of Roma university students. Study participants were Roma studying at four public universities in Serbia who filled in a questionnaire on their familyand school-related experience, and participated in interviews on their educational trajectories, as well as in a two-day workshop dedicated to empowering students through reflecting upon their educational trajectories and personal strengths. Qualitative thematic analysis was applied on one open-ended question on life mottos from 89 questionnaires, 20 interviews and their products and elaborations of 16 workshop participants. It showed that psychological and instructional support from parents and teachers, in some cases - peers and Roma NGOs, together with scholarships and affirmative measures by enrolment, were important success factors. Students' life mottos predominantly contained the themes of fight and persistence. Most personal strengths were related to proactivity and optimism. This points to a highly developed psychological capital of Roma university students. Besides continuous financial support, participants stressed that the provision of continuous psychosocial support, informal learning opportunities and opportunities for peer mentorship and networking would result in a higher number of Roma students in HE.
Personality traits and self-presentation tactics
Authors: Belić Milena , Vrcić-Amar Anida
Published: January 2023

Self-presentation is an omnipresent form of behaviour that involves building a self-image in front of other people. This form of behaviour aims at structuring the impression of a person. Self-presentation explains numerous social relations and situations, but it also depends on numerous factors, primarily personality factors, as well as a number of situational factors. The main goal of this research is to examine the relationship between broad personality dimensions, operationalized by the Big Five + 2 personality model (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Aggression, Conscientiousness, Openness, Positive Valence and Negative Valence) and self-presentation. The possibility of predicting self-presentation in total, as well as some of its individual tactics, based on broad personality dimensions, is also examined. The survey uses the Big Five + 2 Personality Questionnaire and the Self-Presentation Tactics Scale. The sample included 526 respondents, average age 21.6 years (SD=2.88). Of all the examined personality dimensions, Neuroticism and Negative Self-Image have the strongest correlations with overall self-presentation. The Conscientiousness dimension records the highest number of negative correlations, while the Openness dimension records the lowest number of statistically significant correlations with the overall self-presentation and individual self-presentation tactics. As for the prediction of self-presentation, all dimensions of personality, except Openness, are important predictors, but their constellation is different in relation to the content of self-presentation tactics. The obtained findings make it possible to predict the direction of the presentation of self-image. Namely, knowing the personality traits, we can assume which self-presentation tactics will be used, especially in a situation when people are motivated to do so.
Common experiences and psychological difficulties during the pandemic: Insights from psychological support sessions
Authors: Vukčević-Marković Maša , Šapić Draga , Stanković Biljana
Published: January 2023

Due to identified mental health difficulties among populations worldwide, evidence-based mental health and psychosocial support interventions are recognized as a priority for the health response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The main aim of this study was to provide in-depth understanding of the common experiences and psychological difficulties among the people affected by COVID-19. The study included 32 persons (28 females), with the average age of 38.5 (SD 13.2), those with a confirmed or suspected COVID-19 diagnosis or those whose family or friends were infected with COVID-19, receiving online psychological support from December 2020 to June 2021. Protocols of the support sessions were analysed by relying on the principles of thematic analysis. The study results showed that anxiety, somatization, sadness over the loss of close ones and guilt were the most prominent psychological difficulties among the people seeking psychological help during the pandemic. The main factors which made coping with psychological difficulties more challenging include previous life circumstances, uncertainty and the lack of social support. The study enabled greater understanding of the common experiences and most prominent psychological difficulties, and provided evidence which can be used as a foundation for the creation of more focused psychological programs that could support people during the pandemic.
Acoustic features of voice in adults suffering from depression
Authors: Calić Gordana , Petrović-Lazić Mirjana , Mentus Tatjana , Babac Snežana
Published: January 2023

In order to examine the differences in people suffering from depression (EG, N=18) compared to the healthy controls (CG1, N=24) and people with the diagnosed psychogenic voice disorder (CG2, N=9), nine acoustic features of voice were assessed among the total of 51 participants using the MDVP software programme ("Kay Elemetrics" Corp., model 4300). Nine acoustic parameters were analysed on the basis of the sustained phonation of the vowel /a/. The results revealed that the mean values of all acoustic parameters differed in the EG compared to both the CG1 and CG2 as follows: the parameters which indicate frequency variability (Jitt, PPQ), amplitude variability (Shim, vAm, APQ) and noise and tremor parameters (NHR, VTI) were higher; only the parameters of fundamental frequency (F0) and soft index phonation (SPI) were lower (F0 compared to CG1, and SPI compared to CG1 and CG2). Only the PPQ parameter was not significant. vAm and APQ had the highest discriminant value for depression. The acoustic features of voice, analysed in this study with regard to the sustained phonation of a vowel, were different and discriminant in the EG compared to CG1 and CG2. In voice analysis, the parameters vAm and APQ could potentially be the markers indicative of depression. The results of this research point to the importance of the voice, that is, its acoustic indicators, in recognizing depression. Important parameters that could help create a programme for the automatic recognition of depression are those from the domain of voice intensity variation.
The COVID-19 pandemic and mental health of healthcare workers in Serbia
Authors: Džamonja-Ignjatović Tamara , Simonović Anja , Popović Dragoslav
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic was a challenging experience for many professionals worldwide. Healthcare workers in particular had to invest a lot of efforts to cope with the stressors related to professional challenges, which can adversely affect their mental health and cause burnout syndrome. However, it is important to explore mental health outcomes of the pandemic among healthcare workers in the context of a specific country. This study examined the effects of increased professional and personal demands on the health workers' mental health after almost two years of dealing with the pandemic. A cross-sectional online anonymous survey was conducted during October 2021. The sample consisted of 286 healthcare workers (76.7% male) from all regions of Serbia. The questionnaire included socio-demographic data, professional and personal experiences during the pandemic, mental health difficulties, and burnout. The results indicate that more than half of the participants experienced a high or moderate level of depressive symptoms, anxiety and stress. Emotional exhaustion as a symptom of burnout was reported by almost all participants (91.9%), followed by moderate compassion fatigue (60.8%) and lower level of self-efficiency (23.8%). The most significant predictors of burnout and mental health difficulties referred to impaired working conditions and insufficient instructions from superiors, a high level of personal concern about the infection, and maladaptive coping strategies. The results point to the importance of providing psychosocial support to healthcare workers in order to prevent further mental health impairments. Still, interventions should be focused on the external organizational factors instead of addressing solely individual vulnerability.
Variability in ratio between ear and plant height among maize top cross hybrids ear and plant height of maize top cross hybrids
Authors: Popović Aleksandar , Kravić Natalija , Branković-Radojčić Dragana , Golijan Jelena , Mladenović Marko , Vančetović Jelena , Babić Vojka
Published: January 2023

In a large number of plant species, including maize, different phenotypic traits have undergone major changes through the breeding process, resulting in the creation of varieties and hybrids of good agronomic performance. This study aimed to examine the variability of the plant height (PH) and plant height to the uppermost ear (EH) of maize top cross hybrids obtained from crossing 31 local landraces with three genetically divergent testers (L217, L73B013 and L255/75-5). Top cross hybrids were tested in a two-year experiment, at four locations, in two replicates. The grand mean of top cross hybrids for PH and EH were 255.8 cm and 101.8 cm. Analysis of variance showed that all sources of variation (environment - year × location (E), landrace (B), tester effect (A), as well as their interactions) were highly significant (p≤0.01), except for triple interaction (A × B × E). The coefficients of variation for the PH and EH were 4.76% and 8.87%. A highly significant correlation was found between the examined traits (r=0.785; p <0.01). Linear regression of PH and EH shows that the increase of EH by 0.5 cm is followed by the 1 cm of PH increase. Based on the results, the general combining ability (GCA) of landraces for the examined traits, is under the influence of the additive effect of genes, i.e. tall landraces per se in crosses with all three testers give tall hybrids and inversely. In maize production, a trait of interest is the small EH/PH ratio. Landraces MB1960, MB642 and MB1890 showed the best GCA for a given trait, so they can serve as sources of a given trait in pre-breeding programmes.
Evaluation of health risks that dominantly affect the health potential of the student population during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Savić Nikola , Kocić Sanja , Bogdanović-Vasić Slobodanka , Pantelić Vladimir , Mladenović Marija , Kaljević Jelena , Lukić Igor , Đorđević Slavica , Milošević Nevena
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the health potential of populations around the world. The student population was greatly affect-ed by the conditions of the pandemic, quarantine and state of emergency. Health risks that dominantly affect the level of health potential of the stu-dent population have been significantly changed in these conditions of life and social functioning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health risks that students were predominantly exposed to during the coronavirus disease pandemic. The research is designed as a cross-sectional study, and the research technique is a survey. The research instrument is a survey questionnaire, constructed for the needs of this study. The ques-tionnaire examines the health risks to which the student population was exposed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted in the period from May to June 2022 at the Faculty of Health and Business Studies in Valjevo, Singidunum University. The sample of respondents is not-randomized, 142 students participated in the research. The research was voluntary and anonymous. The majority of students believe that ex-posure to health risks is greater during the pandemic (80%). Health risks that are dominantly present in the student population are an improper diet, increased stress levels, feelings of anxiety and depression, physical inactivity, sleep and rest disorders, cigarette and alcohol consumption, excessive use of social networks. Health risks were more frequent in the population of female students, while health potential and personal per-ception of one's own health were lower in students with chronic diseases and comorbidities. The pandemic conditions negatively affected the health potential of the student population. The presence of health risks can permanently jeopardize young people's health, quality of life and can lead to irreversible consequences. The presence of multiple health risks in people with chronic diseases can influence the development of chronic diseases and affect the length of life.
Analysis of fibre and sugar content in foodstuffs commonly used by the population in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Dodevska Margarita
Published: January 2023

A healthy diet is an important part of a healthy lifestyle, which is considered a prerequisite for good health of both an individual and the population. To be considered healthy, food must first meet certain principles of rational nutrition, i.e., it should ensure the consumption of optimal quantities of macronutrients, micronutrients and biologically active compounds to promote health. According to diet recommendations, 45-60% of all energy consumption should come from carbohydrates. Foods rich in complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides), especially dietary fibres, which have been confirmed to play a role in the prevention of diabetes mellitus type 2, cardiovascular disease and obesity by numerous scientific studies should be the sources of carbohydrates. In this study, enzymatic-gravimetric method (AOAC 985.29) was used to determine total dietary fibre, while sucrose, D-glucose and D-fructose were quantified using an enzymatic-spectrophotometric method. Total fibre and total sugar content were determined in fifty-eight samples (fruits and vegetables, fruit and vegetable products, baked goods, fine bakery wares and snacks, and cocoa-based products). The highest total sugar content was found in dried apricots (53.6 g/100 g) and the lowest in chopped mushrooms (0.2 g/100 g), which also had the lowest total carbohydrate content (2.8 g/100 g). The highest carbohydrate content was observed in shelf-stable sweet pastries (68.5 g/100 g), while the highest percentage of the recommended daily allowance per serving for dietary fibre was found in raspberries (40.0%) and in boiled legumes (26.7-36.4%). Relevant data for dietary fibre and sugar is of interest as it is important for maintaining good health and preventing certain diseases, and for formulating diet recommendations for both the population at risk and the general population.
New insights in assessment of total antibodies after receiving booster dose of different COVID-19 vaccines in Serbia
Authors: Kelić Ivana , Jovanović Verica , Bukumirić Zoran , Stošić Maja
Published: January 2023

We analyzed results of total antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 after receiving the booster dose of 3 different vaccines available in Serbia: BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer-BioNtech), Sinopharm BBIBP-CorV (Vero Cell®), GamCOVID-Vac (Sputnik V) from three blood samples for each of the 193 study participants drawn in intervals (before booster dose, 7 and 28 days after the booster dose). Sample analysis was performed with qualitative WANTAI ELISA immunoassay (BEING, CHINA). During the study period, there was a significant increase in total antibodies (B = 2.042; p < 0.001, e2 = 0.21). There was no significant difference between homologous and heterologous regimen booster immunization (B=-0.522; p=0.134). Thyroid diseases (B = -2.023) and age 65+ (B = -3.654) were independently associated with a lower level of total antibodies. These results suggest that regardless of COVID-19 vaccine types analyzed and the regimens applied, all vaccines provided benefits with the significant increase in total antibody levels.
Flipped classroom: A model of hybrid teaching
Authors: Bojović Žana , Stojkanović Jelena
Published: January 2023

In the field of education, special attention has been paid recently to improving the quality of the teaching process as well as readiness to adapt to many challenges of modern society, especially in extraordinary circumstances such as the COVID-19 pandemic. One of the alternative ways of teaching is the model of the Flipped Classroom, whose basic settings come from the Theory of Self-Determination. The essence of the Flipped classroom is in creating a stimulating learning environment in accordance with one's own abilities and interests, outside the classic classrooms. The didactic-methodical implications of the application of this teaching model are reflected in the possibility of individualizing the learning process (students choose the type of teaching material offered, determine the time, place and pace of learning), in developing students' cognitive abilities for independent research, critical analysis and use of different sources (printed and electronic) for additional explanations of curriculum content. The received feedback increases the motivation to learn. The work of students is harmonized with their possibilities, interests and prior knowledge. Disadvantages of this model are: insufficient training of teachers to create and work on e-learning platforms, which requires additional training in computer literacy for both teachers and students, preparation of materials takes a lot of time, greater cognitive load for students, adapting the curriculum to this model, and students spending a lot time in front of a computer.
Digital violence among secondary school pupils
Authors: Jevtić Radoje
Published: January 2023

Today's way of working and living involves the use of many products of new technologies. Many analyses of the influence of modern technologies on people and children emphasize benefits of modern technologies. But there are also some very bad effects of the use of modern technologies that are much less noted. One of the very frequent and very dangerous effects of the use of modern technologies is digital violence (cyberbullying). Increasing use of mobile phones, laptops, computers, the Internet, social networks and the like caused this type of violence to become very frequent, especially among school age children. The constant increase of this type of violence implies serious and detailed strategies for their reduction and elimination. This paper had both scientific and professional goals. The scientific goal of the paper was to identify the presence and exposure extent of digital violence among secondary school pupils. The professional goal was to present the results of the research conducted by a questionnaire as well asto emphasize the importance of such survey of pupils in order to better and more effectively monitor digital violence impact on pupils. The research presented in this paper was conducted by the author of this paper and included pupils from secondary schools in Niš.
Advantages and limitations of the use of e-textbooks in the Serbian language teaching from the perspective of teachers and future teachers
Authors: Purić Daliborka , Sekač Vuk
Published: January 2023

Electronic textbook as a product of digital technology has a potentially important role in the learning and teaching process. The authors examine the opinions of teachers (N = 266) and future teachers (N = 176) regarding (a) the advantages and (b) limitations of the use of e-textbooks in the Serbian language teaching in younger grades of elementary school. The research findings show there is an agreement in the assessment of positive and negative aspects of the use of this textbook format in teaching. Multimedia, interactivity and hypertextuality are recognized as the most important advantages, and as the most important limitations - the weakening of direct communication between pupils and teachers, screen reading and the impossibility of its application to certain teaching contents. Effectiveness and efficiency of the use of e-textbooks in teaching and learning is determined both by the characteristics of its structure and content and by the way they are used. In that sense, a significant role in achieving the potential developmental and formative impact of electronic textbooks on students is played by a teacher, who is responsible for creating an optimal learning environment.
The GeoGebra software application in the perimeter concept formation in lower grades of elementary school
Authors: Milikić Milan , Maričić Sanja , Vulović Nenad
Published: January 2023

Numerous experimental studies have shown the advantages of using educational software in teaching mathematics. One of the dynamic educational software that has recently gained great popularity in teaching mathematics is GeoGebra. The geometric transformations and dynamic functions of the software can be effectively applied at various education levels, from elementary school to university level. The aim of this paper is to present, through selected examples, some possibilities of GeoGebra software that can help students in lower grades of elementary school become proficient in the concept of the perimeter of a figure in a plane (rectangle, square and triangle), thus allowing them to follow each step in the pattern formation for calculating the perimeter.
Open-ended tasks as a means of encouraging logical thinking in initial teaching of mathematics
Authors: Lazić Bojan , Milošević Marina , Sabo Kristina
Published: January 2023

Logical thinking represents an important process of reasoning and a basic skill in building students' knowledge and experience which should accompany the learning process and develop students' potential at all levels of education. The program of teaching and learning mathematics in primary education in Serbia contains a large number of topics that support the goal of learning mathematics, but there is also room for improvement. The paper deals with the possibility of propaedeutics of logic and the encouragement of logical thinking, the application of open-ended tasks in the initial teaching of mathematics. Respectively to the program contents of the mathematics class, examples of open-ended tasks are presented, as support and analog to teachers in creating teaching practice, in order to promote the development of students' logical thinking, as an important component of mathematics learning outcomes.
Relationship between students' faith and habits with certain parameters and participation in additional physical activities after school: Pilot research
Authors: Bubnjević Ksenija , Milošević-Stolić Jasmina , Glavač Boris
Published: January 2023

School-age children are recommended to participate in physical activities for at least 60 minutes daily. It is considered that half of that time should be used for physical activities at school where children spend a lot of time. It has been emphasized that motivation for active participation in physical education decreases during schooling. Family habits are considered to be very important and have an impact on the active participation of a child in physical education as well as in all other forms of physical activity. The aim of the present pilot research was to indicate the possible relationship between variables that have an impact on students' motivation (BMI, physical exercise motivation, healthy habits concerning healthy diet and sleeping, parental sports habits, family beliefs and devotion or child's acquired internal beliefs) and their active participation in any of extracurricular sport activities. The survey of parents (N = 12) whose children are at primary school was conducted. It was found that children (aged 7-14) have optimal BMI values (16.3 kg / m2). It also showed that each child is involved in some sport activity. It was estimated that every child takes enough fruit/vegetables per day, as well as sweets. Children sleep enough (9 hours a day). When asked about faith (belief), the parents referred to faith in "God" or belief in "Self". It can be concluded that there is very little interest in free sport activities. At the same time, the parents prefer sport activites organized outside the school.
The influence of the additional body movement on the transformation of motor abilities of younger school-age female students
Authors: Marković Živorad
Published: January 2023

Numerous research papers emphasise the problems of regular Physical Education lessons. The most common problem is insufficient influence on the development of motor abilities. The goal of the present research was to study possible statistically significant differences in the transformation of motor abilities of younger school-age female students in relation to regular and additional body movements and exercises. The research was conducted during the second term of 2021/2022 school year in the primary school "Jovan Jovanović Zmaj" in Svilajnac in the form of a pedagogical experiment of longitudinal character with parallel groups. The sample of 39 female students was divided into two special sub-samples - according to the criterion of the additional body movement-exercise: the experimental group with 19 female students who had two additional exercises during one week which lasted for 90 minutes apart from regular Physical Education lessons. The additional exercises were in the form of volleyball training. There was also the control group with 20 female students who did not have any additional exercises apart from regular Physical Education lessons. 6 standardised movement tasks were applied in the evaluation of students' motor abilities. Apart from the procedures of descriptive statistics, for the processing of data the t-test was applied both to the dependent and independent samples. On the basis of the obtained results and the observed differences, it can be stated that the effects of experimental treatment in the studied variables of motor abilities influenced the improvement of motor abilities in both groups from the initial to the final evaluation. All the improvements are greater in experimental group, so that statistically significant differences between the experimental and the control group in the final evaluation were observed in five out of six studied variables and they are in favor of the experimental group. The results indicate that the application of the additional body movement - exercises outsideregular Physical Education lessons is completely justified.
Razvojne mogućnosti zajedničkih aktivnosti učenika sa smetnjama u razvoju
Authors: Rečickaja Grigorjevna , Zurobjan Antonovič , Zurob'ân Žirajrovna
Published: January 2023

U radu se razmatra razvoj mogućnosti za zajedničke aktivnosti učenika sa smetnjama u razvoju putem obrazovne saradnje. Prikazuju se efikasne tehnike i nastavne metode: organizacioni oblici zajedničkih, kolektivno raspoređenih aktivnosti, grupni projekti, zadaci u obliku potrage, treninzi u obliku igre i primena informacionog obrazovnog okruženja.