bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges of implementing computer-aided diagnostic models for neuroimages in a clinical setting
Authors: Leming Matthew J. , Bron Esther E. , Bruffaerts Rose , Ou Yangming , Iglesias Juan Eugenio , Gollub Randy L. , Im Hyungsoon
Published: July 2023

Advances in artificial intelligence have cultivated a strong interest in developing and validating the clinical utilities of computer-aided diagnostic models. Machine learning for diagnostic neuroimaging has often been applied to detect psychological and neurological disorders, typically on small-scale datasets or data collected in a research setting. With the collection and collation of an ever-growing number of public datasets that researchers can freely access, much work has been done in adapting machine learning models to classify these neuroimages by diseases such as Alzheimer’s, ADHD, autism, bipolar disorder, and so on. These studies often come with the promise of being implemented clinically, but despite intense interest in this topic in the laboratory, limited progress has been made in clinical implementation. In this review, we analyze challenges specific to the clinical implementation of diagnostic AI models for neuroimaging data, looking at the differences between laboratory and clinical settings, the inherent limitations of diagnostic AI, and the different incentives and skill sets between research institutions, technology companies, and hospitals. These complexities need to be recognized in the translation of diagnostic AI for neuroimaging from the laboratory to the clinic.
Topology-induced chiral photon emission from a large-scale meron lattice
Authors: Wu Xuefeng , Li Xu , Kang Wenyu , Zhang Xichao , Chen Li , Zhong Zhibai , Zhou Yan , Åkerman Johan , Wu Yaping , Zhang Rong , Kang Junyong
Published: July 2023

Merons are a class of topologically protected particle-like structures created in in-plane magnetized magnetic films. The structures can act as information carriers and could be used for magnetic storage. However, the development of such applications is hampered by limitations in the size, thermal stability and magnetic-field requirements of the systems. Here we report the construction of millimetre-scale meron lattices that are stable at room temperature and under zero magnetic field. Our system is based on a trilayer structure composed of a thin iron film sandwiched between films of palladium and magnesium oxide (Pd/Fe/MgO) on a gallium nitride wafer. It is fabricated using a molecular-beam epitaxy approach that is assisted by a high magnetic field, which leads to a strong Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction. The lattices can be used for chirality transfer from merons to electrons and then to photons, and we show that the meron lattices can be used as spin injectors in nitride-based light-emitting diodes. The topology-induced spin light-emitting diode can provide 22.5% circularly polarized electroluminescence at room temperature and under zero magnetic field.
Engineered cytochrome P450 for direct arylalkene-to-ketone oxidation via highly reactive carbocation intermediates
Authors: Gergel Sebastian , Soler Jordi , Klein Alina , Schülke Kai H. , Hauer Bernhard , Garcia-Borràs Marc , Hammer Stephan C.
Published: July 2023

Ketones are crucial intermediates in synthesis and frequent moieties in many products. The direct regioselective synthesis of ketones from internal alkenes could simplify synthetic routes and solve a long-standing challenge in catalysis. Here we report the laboratory evolution of a cytochrome P450 enzyme for the direct oxidation of internal arylalkenes to ketones with several thousand turnovers. This evolved ketone synthase benefits from 15 crucial mutations, most of them distal to the active site. Computational analysis revealed that all these mutations collaborate to generate and tame a highly reactive carbocation intermediate. This is achieved through a confined, rigid, and geometrically and electrostatically preorganized active site. The engineered enzyme exploits a metal–oxo species for ketone synthesis and enables various challenging alkene functionalization reactions. This includes the catalytic, enantioselective oxidation of internal alkenes to ketones and formal asymmetric hydrofunctionalizations of internal alkenes in combination with other biocatalysts.
Disruptor: Computational identification of oncogenic mutants disrupting protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions
Authors: Kugler Valentina , Lieb Andreas , Guerin Nathan , Donald Bruce R. , Stefan Eduard , Kaserer Teresa
Published: July 2023

We report an Osprey-based computational protocol to prospectively identify oncogenic mutations that act via disruption of molecular interactions. It is applicable to analyse both protein-protein and protein-DNA interfaces and it is validated on a dataset of clinically relevant mutations. In addition, it is used to predict previously uncharacterised patient mutations in CDK6 and p16 genes, which are experimentally confirmed to impair complex formation.
Spin fluctuations from Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces in the superconducting state of S-substituted FeSe
Authors: Yu Zhongyu , Nakamura Koya , Inomata Kazuya , Shen Xiaoling , Mikuri Taketora , Matsuura Kohei , Mizukami Yuta , Kasahara Shigeru , Matsuda Yuji , Shibauchi Takasada , Uwatoko Yoshiya , Fujiwara Naoki
Published: July 2023

The study of the iron-based superconductor, FeSe, has resulted in various topics, such as the interplay among superconductivity, nematicity, and magnetism, Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer Bose-Einstein-condensation (BCS-BEC) crossover, and Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) superconductivity. Recently, topologically protected nodal Fermi surfaces, referred to as Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces (BFSs), have garnered much attention. A theoretical model for the S-substituted FeSe system demonstrated that BFSs can manifest under the conditions of spin-orbit coupling, multi-band systems, and superconductivity with time-reversal symmetry breaking. Here we report the observation of spin fluctuations originating from BFSs in the superconducting (SC) state via 77Se-nuclear magnetic resonance measurements to 100 mK. In a heavily S-substituted FeSe, we found an anomalous enhancement of low-energy spin fluctuations deep in the SC state, which cannot be explained by an impurity effect. Such unusual behavior implies the presence of significant spin fluctuations of Bogoliubov quasiparticles, which are associated with possible nesting properties between BFSs.
Single-atom catalysts: promotors of highly sensitive and selective sensors
Authors: Li Zehui , Tian Enze , Wang Shunli , Ye Meiyin , Li Shujing , Wang Ziyi , Ma Zizhen , Jiang Guangya , Tang Cheng , Liu Kaihui , Jiang Jingkun
Published: July 2023

This review summarizes the sensing mechanism, design strategies, structural and performance advantages of single-atom catalysts and their sensing applications.
One-pot preparation of algae-based phase change fibers with a dynamic double network structure for enhanced strength and toughness
Authors: Tang Song , Zhang Hong , Yan Ming , Zhou Guohang , Zeng Jiexiang , Bai Zijian , Jiang Jianyu , Yu Yue
Published: July 2023

In order to broaden the application area of seaweed fiber, a dynamic double network structure of inorganic nanoparticles (VSNP) was designed.
Suppressor and calibration standard limitations in cation chromatography of ammonium and 10 alkylamines in atmospheric samples
Authors: Salehpoor Leyla , VandenBoer Trevor C.
Published: July 2023

A robust gradient cation chromatography method was developed to quantify six inorganic cations and ten abundant atmospheric alkylamines. It achieved high selectivity and separation efficiency using 4 μm packed columns and resin-based suppressors.
Efficient clearance of periodontitis pathogens by S. gordonii membrane-coated H2O2 self-supplied nanocomposites in a “Jenga” style
Authors: Cao Qinghua , Xiao Xiang , Tao Chengcheng , Shi Rui , Lv Rui , Guo Ruochen , Li Xinyi , Sui Baiyan , Liu Xin , Liu Jian
Published: July 2023

Schematic illustrations of the treatment of periodontitis symbiotic biofilms by the “Jenga-style” strategy.
Themed collection on Insightful Machine Learning for Physical Chemistry
Authors: Clark Aurora E. , Dral Pavlo O. , Tamblyn Isaac , Isayev Olexandr
Published: July 2023

This themed collection includes a collection of articles on Insightful Machine Learning for Physical Chemistry.
Breaking linear scaling relationships with transition metal carbides
Authors: Prats Hector , Stamatakis Michail
Published: July 2023

Transition metal carbides (TMCs) are proposed as catalysts and supports for small metal particles to replace expensive late transition metals as heterogeneous catalysts.
Magnetic behavior and ground spin states for coordination {L·[MII(Hal)2]3}3− assemblies (Hal = Cl or I) of radical trianion hexacyanohexaazatriphenylenes (L) with three coordinated high-spin FeII (S = 2) or CoII (S = 3/2) centers
Authors: Mikhailenko Maxim V. , Ivanov Vladislav V. , Shestakov Alexander F. , Kuzmin Aleksey V. , Khasanov Salavat S. , Otsuka Akihiro , Yamochi Hideki , Kitagawa Hiroshi , Konarev Dmitri V.
Published: July 2023

A series of trianion assemblies with hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile {HAT(CN)6} and hexaazatrinaphthylenehexacarbonitrile {HATNA(CN)6} with Fe(ii) or Co(ii) ions are obtained. Parameters affecting the magnetic properties of the assemblies are discussed.
GSH resistant, luminescent 2-(pyren-1-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline-based Ru(ii)/Ir(iii)/Re(i) complexes for phototoxicity in triple-negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Das Rishav , Paira Priyankar
Published: July 2023

We have aspired to design GSH resistant phototoxic Ru(ii)/Ir(iii)/Re(i) based 2-(pyren-1-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline complexes to selectively avert the triple-negative breast cancer.
Is the surface of Hofmann-like spin-crossover {Fe(pz)[Pt(CN)4]} the same as its bulk?
Authors: Martínez Serra Alejandro , Dhingra Archit , Asensio María Carmen , Real José Antonio , Francisco Sánchez Royo Juan
Published: July 2023

High-spin fraction of {Fe(pz)[Pt(CN)4]} extrapolated from XPS (black and blue triangles) and compared with normalised magnetic susceptibility measurements (red curve).
Diallyl trisulfide ameliorates bone loss and alters specific gut microbiota and serum metabolites in natural aging mice
Authors: Zhang Feng , Xu Jia , Hu Yanzhou , Fang Jingjing , Yang Minglan , Huang Kunlun , Xu Wentao , He Xiaoyun
Published: July 2023

Aging is a major cause of bone loss and osteoporosis.
Separation and isolation of CD9-positive extracellular vesicles from plasma using flow cytometry
Authors: Khanna Karan , Salmond Nikki , Halvaei Sina , Johnson Andrew , Williams Karla C.
Published: July 2023

Extracellular vesicle subpopulations can be separated and isolated by flow cytometry. Isolated extracellular vesicles can be concentrated for use in downstream applications.
Cation-dependent assembly of hexagonal DNA origami lattices on SiO2 surfaces
Authors: Pothineni Bhanu Kiran , Grundmeier Guido , Keller Adrian
Published: July 2023

The assembly of hexagonal DNA origami lattices at the SiO2-electrolyte interface is investigated in dependence of ionic buffer composition and substrate temperature. Ca2+ is found to be superior to Mg2+ in promoting the assembly of ordered lattices.
Design of an aryne-platform for the synthesis of non-racemic heterocyclic allocolchicinoids
Authors: Gracheva Iuliia A. , Schmalz Hans-Günther , Svirshchevskaya Elena V. , Shchegravina Ekaterina S. , Fedorov Alexey Yu.
Published: July 2023

The first chiral allocolchicine–aryne intermediate for the diversity-oriented synthesis of heterocyclic allocolchicinoids in non-racemic form.
Expedient synthesis of imino-C-nucleoside fleximers featuring a one-pot procedure to prepare aryl triazoles
Authors: Wong C. H. Andy , Hubert Jonathan G. , Sparrow Kevin J. , Harris Lawrence D. , Tyler Peter C. , Brimble Margaret A.
Published: July 2023

An assisted tandem Chan–Lam/CuAAC reaction was developed for the rapid assembly of triazole analogues.
Surface lattice enhancement of red-emitting fluorides enabled by embedding small cations
Authors: Wan Pingping , Yang Chen , Wang Aolin , Yu Liping , Lian Shixun , Zhou Wenli
Published: July 2023

Embedding Si4+ or Ge4+ cations into the inert shell (K2TiF6) surrounding the K2TiF6:Mn4+ particle increases surface lattice covalence, significantly enhancing fluoride stability.
Glowing selenates: novel alkaline earth nanoparticles
Authors: Kuhlmann Natalie , Wickleder Claudia
Published: July 2023

Alkaline earth selenate nanoparticles like SrSeO4 and SrSeO4:Eu3+ could be synthesized for the first time using a micro emulsion method combined with an in situ-sintering step.
The application of biosurfactant-producing bacteria immobilized in PVA/SA/bentonite bio-composite for hydrocarbon-contaminated soil bioremediation
Authors: Purnomo Adi Setyo , Putra Surya Rosa , Putro Herdayanto Sulistyo , Hamzah Afan , Rohma Nova Ainur , Rohmah Alya Awinatul , Rizqi Hamdan Dwi , Asranudin  , Tangahu Bieby Voijant , Warmadewanthi I. D. A. A. , Shimizu Kuniyoshi
Published: July 2023

Oil spills that contaminate the environment can harm the surrounding ecosystem.
Exploring the redox characteristics of porous ZnCoS@rGO grown on nickel foam as a high-performance electrode for energy storage applications
Authors: Afzal Amir Muhammad , Awais Muhammad , Yasmeen Aneeqa , Iqbal Muhammad Waqas , Mumtaz Sohail , Ouladsmane Mohamed , Usman Muhammad
Published: July 2023

A ZnCoS@rGO//PANI@AC asymmetric hybrid supercapacitor device is designed. A remarkable specific capacity of 141 C g−1 is achieved. An outstanding energy density of 45 W h kg−1 and power density of 5000 W kg−1 are achieved.
Rational design for the fabrication of bulk Ni3Sn2 alloy catalysts for the synthesis of 1,4-pentanediol from biomass-derived furfural without acidic co-catalysts
Authors: Rodiansono  , Azzahra Atina Sabila , Ansyah Pathur Razi , Husain Sadang , Shimazu Shogo
Published: July 2023

The bulk Ni3Sn2 alloy catalysts exhibited highly active and selective for de/hydration–hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural to produce 1,4-pentanediol (87%) without the acidic co-catalyst.
An insight into the hydrogen bonding, halogen bonding and chalcogen bonding interactions in manganese(iii) complexes with N2O2donor salicylidine Schiff base ligands
Authors: Karmakar Mridul , Sk Wahedur , Gomila Rosa M. , Drew Michael. G. B. , Frontera Antonio , Chattopadhyay Shouvik
Published: July 2023

The formation of recurrent motifs of four manganese(iii) Schiff base complexes in their solid state structures via halogen and chalcogen bonding interactions has been analyzed by DFT calculations.
Concurrent alloying and vacancy engineering for intensifying hydrogen spillover towards alcohol–water co-electrolysis
Authors: Xu Hui , Wang Kun , He Guangyu , Chen Haiqun
Published: July 2023

A PdRu–RuO2heterostructure with a well-defined PdRu alloy and oxygen-vacancy-enriched RuO2is constructed to intensify the hydrogen spillover from Ru to RuO2.
3D printed inks of two-dimensional semimetallic MoS2/TiS2 nanosheets for conductive-additive-free symmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Panagiotopoulos A. , Nagaraju G. , Tagliaferri S. , Grotta C. , Sherrell P. C. , Sokolikova M. , Cheng G. , Iacoviello F. , Sharda K. , Mattevi C.
Published: July 2023

3D printed electrodes of 1T′/1T MoS2/TiS2 nanosheets without conductive additives have been demonstrated to perform for durable supercapacitors.
Nanomaterials enabled and enhanced DNA-based biosensors
Authors: Stangherlin Stefen , Liu Juewen
Published: July 2023

For biosensors based on DNA or aptamer probes and nanomaterials, aside from studying DNA adsorption and desorption, it is also important to examine the effect of target adsorption and other possible surface interaction mechanisms.
Highly effective ruthenium-doped mesoporous Ti1−xRuxO2−y crystals for photocatalytic tetracycline degradation
Authors: Jiang Yin , Wang Zhaoyang , Zhou Qihang , Yang Peizhi , Qin Peng , Huang Fuqiang , Yang Wen
Published: July 2023

The design of mesoporous Ti1−xRuxO2−y crystals in a two-step process offers an effective way for the preparation of efficient photocatalysts based on high photon absorption and charge extraction simultaneously.
Distributed consensus‐based estimation for non‐linear systems subject to missing measurements and Denial of Service attacks
Authors: Guo Yongzhen , Li Li , Xia Yuanqing , Wen Yanxin , Guo Jingjing
Published: July 2023

This article studies a distributed consensus‐based estimation problem for discrete time‐varying non‐linear systems with missing measurements and Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. The probability of missing measurements is independent for each sensor. The communication link between sensor nodes is unreliable and subjected to DoS attacks. To achieve accurate state estimation against missing measurements, a local estimator with compensation mechanism is designed for each sensor node. A stochastic event‐triggered mechanism is used to lessen additional information transfer. Based on this, a distributed consensus‐based estimator is constructed by continually fusing local neighbours information matrixs and vectors. Moreover, the analysis of the designed estimator boundedness is presented. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by three numerical examples.
Position‐aware spatio‐temporal graph convolutional networks for skeleton‐based action recognition
Authors: Yang Ping , Wang Qin , Chen Hao , Wu Zizhao
Published: July 2023

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have been widely used in skeleton‐based action recognition. Though significant performance has been achieved, it is still challenging to effectively model the complex dynamics of skeleton sequences. A novel position‐aware spatio‐temporal GCN for skeleton‐based action recognition is proposed, where the positional encoding is investigated to enhance the capacity of typical baselines for comprehending the dynamic characteristics of action sequence. Specifically, the authors’ method systematically investigates the temporal position encoding and spatial position embedding, in favour of explicitly capturing the sequence ordering information and the identity information of nodes that are used in graphs. Additionally, to alleviate the redundancy and over‐smoothing problems of typical GCNs, the authors’ method further investigates a subgraph mask, which gears to mine the prominent subgraph patterns over the underlying graph, letting the model be robust against the impaction of some irrelevant joints. Extensive experiments on three large‐scale datasets demonstrate that our model can achieve competitive results comparing to the previous state‐of‐art methods.
A novel transmission loss compensation method for radome based on non‐linear frequency modulation waveform design
Authors: Liang Da , Li Haoyang , Fu Yixiang , Pang Xiaoyu
Published: July 2023

The radome can protect the enclosed antenna from harsh weather and environmental conditions; however, it will cause a non‐negligible effect particularly transmission loss on the wideband signal which has been widely used in electronic systems. For this, a novel transmission loss compensation method for radome based on non‐linear frequency modulation (NLFM) waveform design is proposed. First, the transmission coefficient calculation process is given, Then, the detailed NLFM waveform design method is described in detail. Finally, the simulation experiments are demonstrated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed compensation method. Based on the designed NLFM waveform, the transmission loss can be compensated and a flat frequency response can be obtained, which can achieve excellent performance of pulse compression in the range direction. The proposed NLFM design method has great potential application value in the electronic system.
LiteDEKR: End‐to‐end lite 2D human pose estimation network
Authors: Lv Xueqiang , Hao Wei , Tian Lianghai , Han Jing , Chen Yuzhong , Cai Zangtai
Published: July 2023

The 2D human pose estimation plays an important role in human‐computer interaction and action recognition. Although the method based on high‐resolution network has superior performance, there is still room for improvement in terms of speed and lightweight. Here, a LiteDEKR, a 2D pose estimation method that combines lightweight and accuracy, is proposed by designing a lightweight network based on DEKR and constructing two scientifically valid loss functions. The method, constructs a multi‐instance bias regression loss that matches the true distribution of keypoint bias, improves the accuracy of bias regression, and constructs a keypoint similarity loss with the object keypoint similarity index of keypoints as the optimization objective to achieve end‐to‐end training of the network. In addition, this paper has designed a lightweight DEKR, using LitePose as the backbone network. With the optimization of the above two loss functions, LiteDEKR not only achieves lightweight but also has high accuracy. Comparative experiments on the COCO and CrowdPose datasets show that compared to the current state‐of‐the‐art Contextual Instance Decoupling, LiteDEKR achieves a similar accuracy with only 10% of its network complexity. It also shows better robustness to low‐resolution input images.
Structuring meaningful bug‐fixing patches to fix software defect
Authors: Li Hui , Liu Yong , Qi Xuexin , Yu Xi , Guo Shikai
Published: July 2023

Currently, software projects require a significant amount of time, effort and other resources to be invested in software testing to reduce the number of code defects. However, this process decreases the efficiency of software development and leads to a significant waste of workforce and resources. To address this challenge, researchers developed various solutions utilising deep neural networks. However, these solutions are frequently challenged by issues, such as a vast vocabulary, network training difficulties and elongated training processes resulting from the handling of redundant information. To overcome these limitations, the authors proposed a new neural network‐based model named HopFix, designed to detect software defects that may be introduced during the coding process. HopFix consists of four parts: data preprocessing, encoder, decoder and code generation components, which were used for preprocessing data, extracting information about software defects, analysing defect information, generating software patches and controlling the generation process of software patches, respectively. Experimental studies on Bug‐Fix Pairs (BFP) show that HopFix correctly fixed 47.2% (BFPsmall datasets) and 25.7% (BFPmedium datasets) of software defects.
A MUSE/VLT spatially resolved study of the emission structure of Green Pea galaxies
Authors: Arroyo-Polonio A. , Iglesias-Páramo J. , Kehrig C. , Vílchez J. M. , Amorín R. , Breda I. , Pérez-Montero E. , Pérez-Díaz B. , Hayes M.
Published: July 2023

Green Pea galaxies (GPs) present among the most intense starbursts known in the nearby Universe. These galaxies are regarded as local analogs of high-redshift galaxies, making them a benchmark in the understanding of the star formation processes and the galactic evolution in the early Universe. In this work, we performed an integral field spectroscopic (IFS) study for a set of 24 GPs to investigate the interplay between its ionized interstellar medium (ISM) and the massive star formation that these galaxies present. Observations were taken in the optical spectral range (λ4750 Å–λ9350 Å) with the MUSE spectrograph attached to the 8.2 m telescope VLT. Spatial extension criteria were employed to verify which GPs are spatially resolved in the MUSE data cubes. We created and analyzed maps of spatially distributed emission lines (at different stages of excitation), continuum emission, and properties of the ionized ISM (e.g., ionization structure indicators, physical-chemical conditions, dust extinction). We also took advantage of our IFS data to produce integrated spectra of selected galactic regions in order to study their physical-chemical conditions. Maps of relevant emission lines and emission line ratios show that higher-excitation gas is preferentially located in the center of the galaxy, where the starburst is present. The continuum maps, with an average angular extent of 4″, exhibit more complex structures than the emission line maps. However, the [O III]λ5007 Å emission line maps tend to extend beyond the continuum images (the average angular extent is 5.5″), indicating the presence of low surface brightness ionized gas in the outer parts of the galaxies. Hα/Hβ, [S II]/Hα, and [O I]/Hα maps trace low-extinction, optically thin regions. The line ratios [O III]/Hβ and [N II]/Hα span extensive ranges, with values varying from 0.5 dex to 0.9 dex and from −1.7 dex to −0.8 dex, respectively. Regarding the integrated spectra, the line ratios were fit to derive physical properties including the electron densities ne = 30 − 530 cm−3, and, in six GPs with a measurable [O III]λ4363 Å line, electron temperatures of Te = 11 500 K–15 500 K, so the direct method was applied in these objects to retrieve metallicities 12 + log(O/H)≃8. We found the presence of the high-ionizing nebular He IIλ4686 Å line in three GPs, where two of them present among the highest sSFR values (> 8 × 108 yr−1) in this sample. Non-Wolf-Rayet (WR) features are detected in these galaxy spectra.
Measuring galaxy cluster mass profiles into the low-acceleration regime with galaxy kinematics
Authors: Li Pengfei , Tian Yong , Júlio Mariana P. , Pawlowski Marcel S. , Lelli Federico , McGaugh Stacy S. , Schombert James M. , Read Justin I. , Yu Po-Chieh , Ko Chung-Ming
Published: July 2023

We probed the dynamical mass profiles of ten galaxy clusters from the HIghest X-ray FLUx Galaxy Cluster Sample (HIFLUGCS) using galaxy kinematics. We numerically solved the spherical Jeans equation and parameterize the dynamical mass profile and the galaxy velocity anisotropy profile using two general functions to ensure that our results are not biased toward any specific model. The mass-velocity anisotropy degeneracy is ameliorated by using two “virial shape parameters” that depend on the fourth moment of velocity distribution. The resulting velocity anisotropy estimates consistently show a nearly isotropic distribution in the inner regions, with an increasing radial anisotropy toward large radii. We compared our derived dynamical masses with those calculated from X-ray gas data assuming hydrostatic equilibrium, finding that massive and rich relaxed clusters generally present consistent mass measurements, while unrelaxed or low-richness clusters have systematically larger total masses than hydrostatic masses by, on average, 50%. This might help alleviate current tensions in the measurement of σ8, but it also leads to cluster baryon fractions below the cosmic value. Finally, our approach probes accelerations as low as 10−11 m s−2, comparable to the outskirts of individual late-type galaxies. We confirm that galaxy clusters deviate from the radial acceleration relation defined by galaxies.
Taxonomic and functional responses of macroinvertebrate communities to dam construction in a non-wadeable river
Authors: Bo Tiziano , Doretto Alberto , Marino Anna , Laini Alex , Candiotto Alessandro
Published: July 2023

Damming and impoundment are among the main flow-related alterations in rivers worldwide. However, compared to the highland river sections where the impacts associated with dams have been largely studied, still scarce evidence is available in scientific literature for large, lowland rivers. In this study, the ecological effects of a hydropower dam in the Po River (Italy) on the taxonomic and functional responses of benthic macroinvertebrates were examined by comparing one station upstream of the dam with one downstream station over a six-year period. Weak and not significant differences were observed for taxon richness, abundance and community composition. By contrast, community-level proportion of macroinvertebrates associated with water velocity increased during medium and high flow condition and decreased during low flow condition in downstream stations. Such differences were also mirrored by the Flow-T index, that is a biomonitoring index recently developed to assess hydraulic conditions in rivers. Results of this study support the adoption of stressor-specific metrics in river biomonitoring.
Intérêt de la cartographie conceptuelle en formation initiale de médecine dentaire
Authors: Sadki Asmaâ , Frenay Mariane , Leloup Gaëtane , Mateu-Ramis Séverine , Vanpee Dominique , Denef Jean-François
Published: July 2023

Contexte : L’apprentissage à l’université est une activité complexe qui implique la mise en œuvre de stratégies d’apprentissage efficaces. Pour de meilleures performances académiques (PA), l’étudiant doit construire un savoir ancré dans une compréhension approfondie. La carte conceptuelle (CC) est un outil cognitif qui favorise l’apprentissage signifiant et la compréhension approfondie. But : Examiner les effets de la participation à des ateliers visant à développer des CC, proposés à des étudiants de première année en médecine dentaire, sur la qualité d’une CC produite à l’examen ainsi que les liens avec les performances des étudiants à court et à moyen terme. Méthodes : Deux cohortes successives d’étudiants de première année en formation dentaire (N = 110) ont été suivies pour deux unités d’apprentissage (UE), UE1 en année 1 (A1) et UE2 en année 2 (A2). En A1, des ateliers CC facultatifs furent proposés. Des PA ont été mesurées au travers des questions lors de l’évaluation finale (examen). Des régressions linéaires multiples en relation avec la participation aux ateliers et la qualité des CC ont été réalisées incluant d’autres variables explicatives. Résultats : Il y a effectivement un lien statistiquement significatif et positif entre la participation aux ateliers, la qualité des CC et les PA, mais d’autres variables interviennent également comme l’historique académique, la thématique et les performances antérieures en A1. Conclusion : Les PA, à court et à moyen terme, sont globalement associées à la qualité de la CC. L’effet des ateliers sur les PA se manifeste à moyen terme.
Formation par concordance de script en orthophonie : récit de pratique en évaluation des troubles acquis de la communication
Authors: Maftoul Rebecca , Marcotte Karine
Published: July 2023

Contexte : Le programme de maîtrise professionnelle en orthophonie de l’Université de Montréal a connu une refonte complète de programme en 2020, et s’inscrit maintenant dans une approche par compétence. La formation par concordance de script (FpC) a été intégrée au programme de formation afin de contextualiser plus rapidement les apprentissages et ainsi réduire l’écart entre l’apprentissage théorique en classe et l’apprentissage pratique en milieu clinique. Objectif : Rapporter l’expérience de pratique de la FpC réalisée auprès d’étudiant.e.s en orthophonie et explorer les liens entre cette activité pédagogique et les dimensions constituantes du raisonnement clinique ainsi que la position d’apprentissage des étudiant.e.s. Méthodes : Une FpC portant sur l’évaluation des troubles acquis de la communication a été développée avec l’aide de dix panélistes. La FpC a été administrée à un groupe de 71 étudiant.e.s de première année de maîtrise professionnelle en orthophonie. Les réponses des étudiant.e.s ont été comparées à celles des panélistes. Un bilan réflexif a aussi été complété par près de la moitié des étudiant.e.s et une analyse qualitative des réponses a été réalisée. Résultats : Les réponses des étudiant.e.s se sont avérées plus concordantes à celles des panélistes après la partie « entraînement ». Les résultats obtenus auprès des étudiant.e.s témoignent de leur appréciation de cette nouvelle modalité d’apprentissage. Selon les réponses au bilan réflexif, la FpC semble favoriser une perception de développement du raisonnement clinique chez les apprenant.e.s et semble leur permettre d’adopter spontanément une position d’apprentissage. Conclusion : Bien que la tâche ait été perçue comme complexe par les étudiant.e.s, les résultats indiquent qu’iels sont capables de mobiliser les connaissances apprises en classe et d’exercer un jugement clinique sur la base de ces connaissances malgré une faible exposition clinique.
Advanced sustainable design and experimental assessment to address climate neutrality in Mediterranean areas
Authors: Leuzzo Alessia , Mangano Giuseppe
Published: July 2023

As for the recent scientific findings, carbon neutrality is no more sufficient within the research for a sustainable development, as climate change effects are becoming crucial factors to be considered. Therefore, in developing strategies and applying design technologies for sustainability in urban settlements, a focus on climate neutrality is required, to build climate resilience together with energy efficiency. This paper presents an experimental methodology applied within the ABITAlab activities for the assessment of the Urban Regeneration Integrated Plan (PIRU) for the Mediterranean city of Taranto. In this experience the Advanced Sustainable Design (ASD) was applied by addressing both energy efficiency and climate resilience for climate neutrality. The importance of the experimentation is defined by the relation upon which, since Regenerative Design principles apply to ASD, the presented assessment methodology is applied to the ASD Process, through which, by studying regenerative scenarios, the goal of production of positive environmental and social impacts overcome the concern for the reduction of negative environmental impacts. The paper is structured as follows: after research reported in the literature section, the proposed assessment methodology is built interpolating three types of validated assessment methodologies to address climate neutrality: (1 and 2) through NbS and SUDS for climate resilience; (3) through PEDs for energy efficiency. Then, the methodology is validated through its application to the presented project experience within a regenerative scenario of transformative resilience. At the end, the experimentation results validate: (a) the workflow methodology divided in three different steps; (b) the scientific contribution of the methodology based on the integration of three different assessment methods. The work presented is validated for the Advanced Sustainable Design for climate neutrality within regenerative scenario, replicable in the Mediterranean area.
Robotics and Automation in Education
Authors: Madaev S. M. , Turluev R. R. , Batchaeva Z. B.
Published: July 2023

This article explores the potential of robotics and automation to improve learning outcomes and increase access to learning opportunities around the world. It examines the benefits that robotics and automation can bring to education, such as increased efficiency, improved accuracy, increased collaboration and communication, and personalized learning. It also discusses the potential risks associated with these technologies in terms of privacy violations. Finally, it offers strategies for successfully implementing robotics and automation in education while respecting privacy rights. The potential benefits of implementing robotics and automation in education are examined, including increased efficiency, increased accuracy, increased collaboration and communication, and personalized learning. It also examines the privacy rights risks associated with these technologies, as well as strategies for successfully implementing robotics and automation in education while respecting privacy rights.
Digitalization of the Russian Education System: Opportunities and Prospects
Authors: Masaeva Z. V. , Kagermazova L. Ts.
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the article is to determine the current state, opportunities and prospects for the digitalization of the Russian system of (higher) education while maintaining the existing approach to state regulation of this process and developing a new (improved) approach to speed it up. For this purpose, in this study, a method is used to assess the degree of digitalization of the system of (higher) education. As a result, it was found that at present the greatest degree of digitalization is considered through the characteristics of additional indicators of the functioning of the system of (higher) education in modern Russia, such as the work of library resources, state and public control. At the same time, the degree of digitalization of the main indicators (educational and scientific activities of universities) is at a low level. At the same time, the digitalization infrastructure of the Russian system of (higher) education is sufficiently developed, which determines significant opportunities for the further development of this process. The final degree of digitalization of the Russian system of (higher) education is estimated at 25.8% and is very low. The reason for this problem lies in the insufficient state regulation of the process of digitalization of the Russian system (higher education).
Formation of Environmental Culture of Students in Universities of Samara Oblast (Russia)
Authors: Makarova E.A. , Ilyina V.N. , Mitroshenkova A.E. , Kozlovskaya O.V. , Kozlovskaya T.N.
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes the experience of the development of environmental consciousness and the formation of environmental culture of students of several universities in the Samara oblast, including pedagogical, technical and orthodox. The urgency of the chosen problem is determined by the aggravated ecological crisis, the way out of which is possible only on condition of increasing the level of ecological culture of the population. According to a number of researchers, properly organized system of environmentally-oriented education will contribute to the development of environmental consciousness of the teacher, the formation of environmental culture of students and schoolchildren. The authors of the article describe the system of environmental education of students, which has developed at the Faculty of Natural and Geography of Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education and some other universities of the Samara oblast. The article also presents the results of diagnostics of ecological consciousness and ecological culture of students in the first and fourth years of study. The received results allow to draw a conclusion that integration of various directions of educational and methodical, research, social and educational work in higher educational institutions promotes development of ecological consciousness and formation of ecological culture of students. In the process of higher education there is a steady increase in the level of their environmental consciousness and ecological culture.
Directions and Risks of Application of Artificial Intelligence in Industries
Authors: Dzhafarova Z. K. , Batashev R. V. , Tukhugov Y. S.
Published: July 2023

This article is devoted to the study of promising areas of application of artificial intelligence in individual sectors of the economy as an essential condition for improving the state management of socio-economic processes in the context of strategic development. Perspective branches of application of artificial intelligence are allocated and proved taking into account a current condition of a social and economic infrastructure of the Russian Federation. The study aims to substantiate the use of artificial intelligence in the identified industries and sectors of the economy, taking into account the emergence of potential risks. Strengths and weaknesses of artificial intelligence as a tool for managing individual socio-economic processes are also outlined. It is concluded that the growing importance of artificial intelligence in the modern economy brings with it both significant opportunities and risks. While artificial intelligence can increase productivity and economic growth, there are also concerns about employment, economic inequality, and ethical and legal implications.
Human Resource Development in the Context of Global Trends
Authors: Dokhkilgova D. M. , Saralinova Dzh. S. , Malganova I. G.
Published: July 2023

The crisis generated by the COVID-19 pandemic has revealed both threats and opportunities for human development in a new reality. The key point is the recognition of the importance of the policy of creating and investing in human capital. Education is the main tool for developing human potential and equipping young people with the skills to respond to new opportunities. When the education system is adequate to the existing reality and its demands, it can become a powerful tool for changing the social climate and economic landscape. To strengthen sustainability and protect the well-being of future generations, Governments need to take urgent policy measures and invest in human capital. Digital education and job opportunities accompanying global trends promise to democratize access to skills and jobs.
Economic Policy and Sustainable Development of Regions
Authors: Salman K. A. , Suleymanov M. M. , Isaeva Sh. M.
Published: July 2023

The proposed economy is green due to the fact that, according to the authors, it is based on resource and energy conservation and energy efficiency, rational use of natural resources, as well as the disposal of man-made and household waste. Thus, with the energy saving potential in Russia of 40%, respectively, less land will be used for the extraction of fossil hydrocarbons, the area of pollution of adjacent areas during transportation will be reduced, and territories will also be freed up due to the processing of industrial waste and solid waste. All of these measures will help conserve the land and its overlying green spaces. As a result of the unprecedented economic growth of recent decades due to the anthropogenic factor - deforestation, the construction of mines, mines and oil wells, the unprecedented growth of cities, the almost uncontrolled burning of fuel, the expansion of areas occupied by industrial and domestic waste, the useful green surface of the planet (forests, farmland, parks, gardens, swamps) has been significantly reduced. That is, there is a growing imbalance of natural and physical capital. And the green color is a kind of indicator of this disharmony (balance) on the planet, which occurs due to human activity. Therefore, the new economic model should be energy efficient, low carbon, innovative, and necessarily green.
Existing Barriers to the Development of the Climate Agenda for Banks
Authors: Salamova A. S. , Kantemirova Mira , Gishlakaev S.
Published: July 2023

In the face of declining external demand for climate action and weak domestic competition, the climate agenda in Russia may be perceived by companies and financial institutions as additional difficulties in conducting their activities. Even in the presence of an evolving national regulatory environment, it is difficult for banks to quickly change internal processes in the interests of low-carbon development. Banking organizations face certain obstacles that the Russian financial market and business in general have yet to overcome. Despite the growing trend and attention to the climate agenda, not all banks understand the value of low-carbon investing. Banking organizations consider investment loans for green projects either less profitable or too risky. Low-carbon projects have not yet been widely developed in Russia, which does not allow in practice to assess the economic benefits and risks of investing in them.
Business Processes in the Digital Environment in the Context of Sustainable Development
Authors: Saida Labazanova , Marina Peryakina
Published: July 2023

Despite the significant industry specifics and the uneven introduction of digital technologies, almost all researchers and experts agree in the highest assessments of the importance of digitalization for socio-economic development. Many authors note that this process has virtually no alternative even in the most technologically inert industries. Moreover, the more “strong” term “digital transformation” has recently become widespread, which, in our opinion, reflects the growing expectations of radical shifts and effects from the introduction of a new generation of digital technologies.
The Environment as an Arena for Cooperation and Competition
Authors: Agaev Murat , Shardan Saida , Magomaev Tamirlan
Published: July 2023

Climate change, ozone depletion, water, air and soil pollution, deforestation, desertification, depletion of fisheries, waste accumulation and loss of biodiversity are becoming a growing barrier to economic development and an increasingly important security threat, especially for developing countries. And in some cases even a threat to the existence of all mankind. During the coronavirus pandemic, the anthropogenic pressure on the environment has slightly decreased. However, there was no significant cleansing of nature. After the end of the first wave of restrictions, air pollution quickly returned to its previous level. The amount of plastic pollution in the world has only increased. At the end of 2020, CO2 emissions decreased by about 7%. Since the source of climate change is not the volume of annual emissions per se, but their concentration, which simply increased slightly less in 2020, the pandemic will only minimally slow down the process of temperature increase.
Expression of Empathy in Speech Acts
Authors: Tambieva Fatima , Dzeitova Khaifa , Yusupova Svetlana
Published: July 2023

The article focuses on one of the current problems: verbal empathy. Verbal empathy is an inescapable ability that is an integral part of interpersonal communication. The inability or unwillingness to show verbal empathy creates communication difficulties. Verbal empathy is a speech act that expresses feelings of empathy towards others. The use of these speech acts is a natural necessity for building healthy verbal communication. Verbal empathy is conditioned by our perception of the world, i.e. our thoughts, emotions, feelings and knowledge. According to research, verbal empathy is an integral part of human existence. It is a way of communicating together, not only between people of different cultures, but also between people of the same culture.
Lexico - Semantic Interpretation of Transitive And Intransitive Constructions in The Grammar of The German Language
Authors: Abdukadyrova Tumisha , Khasieva Marina
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the description of studies of transitivity-intransitivity categories as a grammatical category of the German language.The author pays special attention to the question of the function and place of the accusative in a German sentence. It should be noted that the interpretation of the accusative is directly related to the interpretation of the nominative. Many scientists, emphasizing the crucial role of the accusative not only in the content, but also in the structure of the sentence. However, they deny him the right to be called a case, since this case is controlled. From the standpoint of generative grammar, an accusative cannot be included in the number of nuclear components, since a verbal phrase is split into a verb and an object only at a later stage.