bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Influences the Demand for a Potential Flood Insurance Product in an Area with Low Previous Exposure to Insurance? – A Case Study in the West African Lower Mono River Basin (LMRB)
Authors: Wagner Simon , Thiam Sophie , Dossoumou Nadège I. P. , Daou David
Published: December 2023

Floods portray a severe problem in the riverine areas of West Africa while more frequent and intense heavy precipitation events are projected under climatic change scenarios. Already, floods cause manifold impacts, leaving the population to cope with the financial impacts of floods through their own means. As formal risk transfer mechanisms (e.g., insurance) are not yet widely available to the population, efforts to increase their accessibility are being intensified. However, studies assessing flood insurance demand currently mostly focus on regions with more established markets. Also, they are majorly applying conventional statistical modeling approaches that consider only a small number of parameters. Contrarily, this study aims to provide an approach for assessing flood insurance in a context of low previous exposure to such products, to allow for a better consideration of the research context. Therefore, a parameter selection framework is provided and machine learning and deep learning models are applied to selected parameters from an existing household survey data set. In addition, the deep learning sequential neural networks outperformed all machine learning models achieving an accuracy between 93.5—100% depending on the loss function and optimizer used. The risk to be covered, insurance perception, no access to any source, access to support from community solidarity funds, access to governmental support, or drawing upon own resources for financial coping, financial recovery time, lack of means and prioritizing more essential needs emerged as important model parameters in researching insurance demand. Future roll-out campaigns could consider the parameters pointed out by this study.
“I Felt Like I Wanted to Hug the Whole World”: Forgiveness as an Embodied Emotional Narrative Process
Authors: Haikola Anne
Published: December 2023

Earlier studies have shown that forgiveness is an emotional process. However, it is not very clear how the emotional transition is made from transgression to forgiveness, or how it is embodied. The current research explored how embodiment and emotions are used to make sense of the narrative forgiveness process. Applying McAdams’s life story interview method, 22 Finnish adults were interviewed about their experiences of forgiveness. Their responses were subjected to thematic narrative analysis. The data-driven process revealed two overarching themes: empowerment and pain. Five subthemes were formed: (1) forgiveness as a liberation, (2) forgiveness as a relief from a burden, (3) forgiveness as releasing energy, (4) forgiveness through vulnerability, and (5) forgiveness through hate. The findings indicate that forgiveness is a complex and dimensional process with nuances on emotional, sensory, and embodied levels. In the past, forgiveness and unforgiveness have been constructed as distinct entities, but the current results highlight that they may overlap. Future studies could explore forgiveness and unforgiveness together with various methods to gain deeper understanding of being hurt, releasing the hurt, and living with it.
Persistent Homology-Based Classification of Chaotic Multi-variate Time Series: Application to Electroencephalograms
Authors: Flammer Martina
Published: December 2023

In this work, we present a combination of dimension reduction techniques and persistent homology for detection of epileptic events in electroencephalograms for a special kind of epilepsy called petit-mal epilepsy. Persistent homology, one of the main methods in topological data analysis, extracts information about the structures appearing in a given data set. Since during an epileptic seizure of the above type the electrical brain activity is more synchronized, we take the resulting structure in the EEG signal as classification feature that is analyzed topologically by means of persistent homology. As preprocessing step, the dimension of the data is reduced by two alternative techniques, principal component analysis and dynamical component analysis, and their performance is compared. Our results show that in comparison to principal component analysis, dynamical component analysis captures the dynamics of the system when projected onto a low-dimensional subspace. Furthermore, the results prove that persistent homology is well-suited for the detection of petit-mal epileptic seizures by means of their inherent structure.
Fresh water management in coastal Bangladesh: preparedness and adaptation
Authors: Khan Md. Shohel , Paul Shitangsu Kumar
Published: December 2023

Water management is very significant because of changing the pattern of rainfall, seasonal variation of rainfall, sea level rising, water consumption pattern, acceleration of water quality and unavailability of fresh water in the coastal areas of Bangladesh due to adverse impacts of natural calamities. The aims were to investigate fresh water management with preparedness and adaptation strategies. Household data were collected from respective union parisad and total 338 households (out of 2789) were determined considering 95% significance level from three shoreline (Bagerhat), interim (Khulna) and inland (Satkhira) coastal regions of Bangladesh which distributed proportionately. Data were collected with self-administrated semi-structured questionnaire and three FGDs and analyzed with SPSS. Map was drawn by Arc GIS software. The study resulted that plastic bottle was dominantly used as conservation system for drinking (58.28%) and rainwater (44.08%). Besides, plastic drum, silver pots, earthen and ferro cement container were also used to conserve water. The mean weighted average index of preparedness of household and homestead agriculture is moderate (0.332) in inland and poor in shoreline (0.313) and interim (0.309) area. About 25.15% households satisfied with current water supply system. Individually, about 65.76% respondents adopted pond sand filter technology in the shoreline, followed by 16.90% (interim) and 37.35% (inland) area. Other adaptation strategies (rainwater harvesting, pond water conservation, potable jar water use, re-excavation of pond, boiling pond/canal water) were adopted by households and institutions with seasonal variations. Proper adaptation strategies should be taken with involving the local stakeholders for better performance in the study area.
Recent updates in direct radiation water-splitting methods of hydrogen production
Authors: Ali Imran , Imanova Gunel , Alharbi Omar M. L. , Hameed Ahmed M. , Siddiqui Mohammad Nahid
Published: December 2023

The exploration of green energy is a demanding issue due to climate change and ecology. Green energy hydrogen is gaining importance in the area of alternative energy sources. Many methods are being explored for this but most of them are utilizing other sources of energy to produce hydrogen. Therefore, these approaches are not economic and acceptable at the industrial level. Sunlight and nuclear radiation as free or low-cost energy sources to split water for hydrogen. These methods are gaining importance in recent times. Therefore, attempts are made to explore the latest updates in direct radiation water-splitting methods of hydrogen production. This article discusses the advances made in green hydrogen production by water splitting using visible and UV radiations as these are freely available in the solar spectrum. Besides, water splitting by gamma radiation (a low-cost energy source) is also reviewed. Efforts are also made to describe the water-splitting mechanism in photo- and gamma-mediated water splitting. In addition to these, challenges and future perspectives have also been discussed to make this article useful for further advanced research.
Roles of RNA m6A modifications in plant-virus interactions
Authors: He Hao , Jia Mingxuan , Liu Jie , Zhou Xueping , Li Fangfang
Published: December 2023

Viral RNAs have been known to contain N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications since the 1970s. The function of these modifications remained unknown until the development of genome-wide methods to map m6A residues. Increasing evidence has recently revealed a strong association between m6A modifications and plant viral infection. This highlight introduces advances in the roles of RNA m6A modifications in plant-virus interactions.
Efficacy of rain barrels and rain gardens to reduce urban pluvial flooding in densely built-up residential areas: a case study on Miyahara-Cho in Saitama City, Japan
Authors: Lin Jiajing , Uchiyama Shun , Bhattacharya Yasmin , Nakamura Hitoshi
Published: December 2023

In recent years, flooding in densely built-up residential areas has tended to increase because of the increased frequency of heavy rain and climate change. Urban pluvial flooding mitigation is thus needed by reducing the runoff of sewer systems using green infrastructure solutions. In this regard, rain barrels (RBs) and rain gardens (RGs) are considered effective stormwater management methods. This study aimed to verify the effectiveness of RBs and RGs and their combined use in reducing urban pluvial flooding in densely built-up residential areas. This research undertook a case study in Miyahara-Cho, Saitama City, Japan. It involved the analysis of the total runoff of sewer systems and the flood condition in the sewer to verify the rainwater runoff control effect of RBs and RGs through simulations using the US Environmental Protection Agency’s stormwater management model. This study simulates two main types of rainfall events: short duration and long duration. The results of the short duration rainfall showed that the combination of RBs and RGs is highly effective and can reduce the impact of excess runoff. In the case of the long duration rainfall, the volume and speed of stormwater runoff of the first peak rainfall were reduced.
A comparative analysis of machine learning algorithms for predicting wave runup
Authors: Durap Ahmet
Published: December 2023

The present study uses nine machine learning (ML) methods to predict wave runup in an innovative and comprehensive methodology. Unlike previous investigations, which often limited the factors considered when applying ML methodologies to predict wave runup, this approach takes a holistic perspective. The analysis takes into account a comprehensive range of crucial coastal parameters, including the 2% exceedance value for runup, setup, total swash excursion, incident swash, infragravity swash, significant wave height, peak wave period, foreshore beach slope, and median sediment size. Model performance, interpretability, and practicality were assessed. The findings from this study showes that linear models, while valuable in many applications, proved insufficient in grasping the complexity of this dataset. On the other hand, we found that non-linear models are essential for achieving accurate wave runup predictions, underscoring their significance in the context of the research. Within the framework of this examination, it was found that wave runup is affected by median sediment size, significant wave height, and foreshore beach slope. Coastal engineers and managers can utilize these findings to design more resilient coastal structures and evaluate the risks posed by coastal hazards. To improve forecast accuracy, the research stressed feature selection and model complexity management. This research proves machine learning algorithms can predict wave runup, aiding coastal engineering and management. These models help build coastal infrastructure and predict coastal hazards.

Graphical Abstract
The Skeptic and the Veridicalist
Authors: Avnur Yuval
Published: December 2023

This Element explores the nature and formulation of skepticism about the external world by considering an important anti-skeptical strategy, 'veridicalism.' According to veridicalism, even if you are in a skeptical scenario, your beliefs about the existence of ordinary objects are still true. For example, even if you are in a global simulation, things such as tables exist as simulated objects. Therefore, your ignorance of whether you are in such a scenario does not negate your knowledge that there are tables. This strategy fails because it raises an equally troubling skepticism about what such objects are: is the table you now see a simulated object? That this is equally troubling suggests that the core skeptical problem is about what the causes of our experiences are, regardless of whether they count as ordinary objects like tables. This motivates a reconsideration of the standard formulation of the skeptical argument, and undermines some other anti-skeptical strategies as well.
Experts in Government
Authors: Kettl Donald F.
Published: December 2023

From Caligula and the time of ancient Rome to the present, governments have relied on experts to manage public programs. But with that expertise has come power, and that power has long proven difficult to hold accountable. The tension between experts in the bureaucracy and the policy goals of elected officials, however, remains a point of often bitter tension. President Donald Trump labeled these experts as a 'deep state' seeking to resist the policies he believed he was elected to pursue—and he developed a policy scheme to make it far easier to fire experts he deemed insufficiently loyal. The age-old battles between expertise and accountability have come to a sharp point, and resolving these tensions requires a fresh look at the rule of law to shape the role of experts in governance.
Distinguishing between translational science and translational research in CTSA pilot studies: A collaborative project across 12 CTSA hubs
Authors: Schneider Margaret , Woodworth Amanda , Ericson Marissa , Boerger Lindsie , Denne Scott , Dillon Pam , Duguid Paul , Ghanem Eman , Hunt Joe , Li Jennifer S. , McCoy Renee , Prokofieva Nadia , Rodriguez Vonda , Sparks Crystal , Zaleski Jeffrey , Xiang Henry
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

The institutions (i.e., hubs) making up the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded network of Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSAs) share a mission to turn observations into interventions to improve public health. Recently, the focus of the CTSAs has turned increasingly from translational research (TR) to translational science (TS). The current NIH Funding Opportunity Announcement (PAR-21-293) for CTSAs stipulates that pilot studies funded through the CTSAs must be “focused on understanding a scientific or operational principle underlying a step of the translational process with the goal of developing generalizable solutions to accelerate translational research.” This new directive places Pilot Program administrators in the position of arbiters with the task of distinguishing between TR and TS projects. The purpose of this study was to explore the utility of a set of TS principles set forth by NCATS for distinguishing between TR and TS.

Methods:

Twelve CTSA hubs collaborated to generate a list of Translational Science Principles questions. Twenty-nine Pilot Program administrators used these questions to evaluate 26 CTSA-funded pilot studies.

Results:

Factor analysis yielded three factors: Generalizability/Efficiency, Disruptive Innovation, and Team Science. The Generalizability/Efficiency factor explained the largest amount of variance in the questions and was significantly able to distinguish between projects that were verified as TS or TR (t = 6.92, p < .001) by an expert panel.

Conclusions:

The seven questions in this factor may be useful for informing deliberations regarding whether a study addresses a question that aligns with NCATS’ vision of TS.
Interaction between forced and natural convection in a thin cylindrical fluid layer at low Prandtl number
Authors: Rein F. , Carénini L. , Fichot F. , Favier B. , Le Bars M.
Published: December 2023

Motivated by nuclear safety issues, we study the heat transfers in a thin cylindrical fluid layer with imposed fluxes at the bottom and top surfaces (not necessarily equal) and a fixed temperature on the sides. We combine direct numerical simulations and a theoretical approach to derive scaling laws for the mean temperature and for the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the system. We find two asymptotic scaling laws depending on the flux ratio between the upper and lower boundaries. The first one is controlled by heat transfer to the side, for which we recover scaling laws characteristic of natural convection (Batchelor, Q. Appl. Maths, vol. 12, 1954, pp. 209–233). The second one is driven by vertical heat transfers analogous to Rayleigh–Bénard convection (Grossmann & Lohse, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 407, 2000, pp. 27–56). We show that the system is inherently inhomogeneous, and that the heat transfer results from a superposition of both asymptotic regimes. Keeping in mind nuclear safety models, we also derive a one-dimensional model of the radial temperature profile based on a detailed analysis of the flow structure, hence providing a way to relate this profile to the imposed boundary conditions.
Boundary layer transition due to distributed roughness: effect of roughness spacing
Authors: Ma Rong , Mahesh Krishnan
Published: December 2023

The influence of roughness spacing on boundary layer transition over distributed roughness elements is studied using direct numerical simulation and global stability analysis, and compared with isolated roughness elements at the same Reynolds number

$Re_h=U_eh/\nu$

(

$U_e$

is the boundary layer edge velocity, h is roughness height and

$\nu$

is the kinetic viscosity of the fluid). Small spanwise spacing (

$\lambda _z=2.5h$

) inhibits the formation of counter-rotating vortex pairs (CVP) and, as a result, hairpin vortices are not generated and the downstream shear layer is steady. For

$\lambda _z=5h$

, the CVP and hairpin vortices are induced by the first row of roughness, perturbing the downstream shear layer and causing transition. The temporal periodicity of the primary hairpin vortices appears to be independent of the streamwise spacing. Distributed roughness leads to a lower critical roughness Reynolds number for instability to occur and a more significant breakdown of the boundary layer compared with isolated roughness. When the streamwise spacing is

$\lambda _x=5h$

, the high-momentum fluid barely moves downward into the cavities and the wake flow has little impact on the following roughness elements. The leading unstable varicose mode is associated with the central low-speed streaks along the aligned roughness elements, and its frequency is close to the shedding frequency of hairpin vortices in the isolated case. For larger streamwise spacing (

$\lambda _x=10h$

), two distinct modes are obtained from global stability analysis. The first mode shows varicose symmetry, corresponding to the primary hairpin vortex shedding induced by the first-row roughness. The high-speed streaks formed in the longitudinal grooves are also found to be unstable and interact with the varicose mode. The second mode is a sinuous mode with lower frequency, induced as the wake flow of the first-row roughness runs into the second row. It extracts most energy from the spanwise shear between the high- and low-speed streaks.
Rapid and synchronous response of outlet glaciers to ocean warming on the Barents Sea coast, Novaya Zemlya
Authors: Carr Rachel , Murphy Zoe , Nienow Peter , Jakob Livia , Gourmelen Noel
Published: December 2023

The Arctic is a hotspot for climate warming, making it crucial to quantify the sea level rise contribution from its ice masses. Novaya Zemlya's ice caps are the largest glacier complex in Europe and are a major contributor to contemporary sea level rise. Here we show that Novaya Zemlya outlet glaciers on the Barents Sea coast respond rapidly and consistently to oceanic forcing at annual timescales, likely due to their exposure to Atlantic Water variability. Glaciers on the Kara Sea show more variable response, likely reflecting their reduced exposure to Atlantic Water. Data demonstrate that the pause in glacier retreat previously observed on Novaya Zemlya between 2013 and 2015 has not persisted and that these changes correspond to ocean temperature variability on the Barents Sea coast. We document a marked shift to warmer air and ocean temperatures, and reduced sea ice concentrations from 2005 onwards. Although we identify ocean warming as the primary trigger for glacier retreat, we suggest that multi-year thinning, driven by the shift towards warmer air temperatures since 2005, pre-conditioned Novaya Zemlya's glaciers to retreat. Despite commonality in the timing of outlet glacier retreat, the magnitude is highly variable during rapid retreat phases, which we attribute to glacier-specific factors.
Diaspora Mobilization and Identity Construction of Ukrainian Immigrants in Turkey: “Ukrainians Started to Become More Ukrainian”
Authors: Özgür E. Murat , Deniz Ayla
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the role of Ukrainian associations on construction of immigrant identity in Turkey at the intersection of diaspora politics and diaspora-lived experiences. Ukrainian immigrant associations – whose numbers and members rapidly increased after Russia’s annexation of Crimea – became critical players in immigrants’ ethno-national identity construction. This aligned with the Ukrainian government’s changing diaspora policy and shaped immigrants’ relationship with the homeland. The associations, therefore, facilitated diaspora activism from above and below. These associations are mainly engaged in activities related to the teaching of Ukrainian language, history, and culture so that immigrants can distinguish themselves from Russians and discover their own uniqueness. They also consider the migrant status of Ukrainians in Turkey and develop an awareness of ethno-national identity by negotiating transnational identities.
The Reproduction of Nationalism and the Nationalism of Reproduction: Putin’s Biopolitics of Defending Tradition, 2012–2021
Authors: Naterstad Tora Berge
Published: December 2023

After Putin’s return to the Russian presidency in 2012, a further turn toward authoritarianism has been coupled with attacks on Western secularism, multiculturalism, and alleged moral decay. At home, the Kremlin has been increasingly preoccupied with defining and addressing problems related to citizens’ bodies, linking “traditional values” to national security. Central to this discourse are issues relating to reproductive norms. This analysis uses the Foucauldian concept of “biopower” as an epistemic point of departure in an attempt to understand the central role of reproduction in the Kremlin’s identity project. Administering the bodies of a population simultaneously produces and delimits that population according to bodily criteria. Thus, this “bodily turn” in Russian nation-building may be understood as “bionationalism,” a depoliticizing style of nationalism that relies on biopolitical techniques. The analysis explicates the mechanisms of this style of nationalism: how and why this discourse functions, legitimates problematic practices, excludes “abnormals,” expands the state into the everyday lives of citizens, and marginalizes and even securitizes alternative notions of national identity. Putin’s bionationalism may be read as an existential nationalism and thereby as producing a specific mobilizational context.
Flow charts as a method to transfer self-sealing from plant models into programmable materials and related challenges
Authors: Cao Bo , Ghavidelnia Naeim , Speck Olga , Eberl Christoph
Published: December 2023

Self-sealing is becoming a necessary function in sustainable systems for enhancing materials lifetime and improving system resilience. In this context, plants are prime models as they have developed various concepts. Moreover, implementing self-sealing into engineering applications is becoming more feasible with the advent of programmable materials. That is because these materials are able to implement simple algorithms by locally and globally processing information and adapting to changing conditions. However, the transfer of bio-inspired system functions into technological applications is tedious. It requires an intimate understanding of the selected biological models and the technological problem. To support the transfer of concepts and principles, we propose easy-to-read flow charts as a common language for biologists and engineers. Describing the functions of biological models and their underlying functional principles as process flow diagrams, allows to convert detailed biological insights into sequential step-wise algorithms, which turns the focus on building blocks necessary to achieve specific functions. We present a first set of flow charts for selected plant models exhibiting different self-sealing mechanisms based on hydraulics, mechanical instabilities, and sap release. For these plant-inspired control flows, we identified technical statements to classify metamaterial mechanisms and unit cells, which represent possible solutions for the steps in the algorithms for sealing procedures in future technical applications. A common language of flow charts will simplify the transfer of functional principles found in plant models into technological applications. Programmable materials expand the available design space of materials, putting us within reach to implement self-sealing functions inspired by plants.
A NOTE ON THE ZEROS OF L-FUNCTIONS ASSOCIATED TO FIXED-ORDER DIRICHLET CHARACTERS
Authors: CORRIGAN C. C.
Published: December 2023

We use the Weyl bound for Dirichlet L-functions to derive zero-density estimates for L-functions associated to families of fixed-order Dirichlet characters. The results improve on previous bounds given by the author when
$\sigma $
is sufficiently distant from the critical line.
2-LOCAL ISOMETRIES OF SOME NEST ALGEBRAS
Authors: YU BO , LI JIANKUI
Published: December 2023

Let H be a complex separable Hilbert space with
$\dim H \geq 2$
. Let
$\mathcal {N}$
be a nest on H such that
$E_+ \neq E$
for any
$E \neq H, E \in \mathcal {N}$
. We prove that every 2-local isometry of
$\operatorname {Alg}\mathcal {N}$
is a surjective linear isometry.
The Front Lines: A Space of Violence. Characteristics, Mechanisms, and Contexts of Military Violence in the First World War between Containment and Escalation
Authors: Überegger Oswald
Published: December 2023

This article deals with the war crimes committed during the First World War. Whereas in historiography the presence of franc-tireurs, the new industrial warfare or the specific military and radicalised command culture of individual armies often served as explanatory patterns for the escalation of violence, this contribution attempts to introduce a different perspective into the discussion. The focus is on the specific violence of mobile warfare, which was articulated in the context of military “forward panics” (Randall Collins) on the Eastern and Balkan fronts and was responsible for a considerable part of the war crimes committed there. The article therefore deals with the nature and character of these military forward panics. Starting with a description of the spatial characteristics of the front as a specific space of violence, the role of military orders and the significance of the front as a soldierly space of imagination, the article analyses above all the structural violence of forward panics. In this context, the article discusses three factors that played an essential role in this escalation process: first, the special soldierly frame of reference of combat in mobile warfare, which continuously lowered the inhibition thresholds for the escalation of violence; second, the escalation-forcing dynamics that the swift advance or the flight-like retreat of the troops brought with it for the process of violence; and finally, third, the significance of soldierly group pressure for the process of escalation of violence.
Ellen Craft's “Spanish” Masquerade: Racially (Mis)Reading Hispanicism in Her Cross-Dressing, Feigning Disability, and Running to Sea
Authors: MARTINEZ ROSA
Published: December 2023

An overlooked advertisement, entitled “An Incident at the South” (1849), calls attention to Ellen Craft's Spanish masquerade during her 1848 escape from American slavery. The author underscores her masculine costume, feigning disability, running to sea, and “a darkness of complexion that betokened Spanish extraction.” Despite contemporary criticism, the advertisement asserts Spanish-ness in the production history of Ellen's escape; thus the essay considers a reinterpretation of Ellen's transnational masquerades by reexamining the advertisement (1849) and in relation to her portrait (1850) and slave narrative (1860). Of emphasis is a history of hemisphere conflict – over land, at the borderlands, and at sea – during Anglo-American expansion, Spanish/Mexican displacement, and antebellum enslavement. Ellen's story is also contextualized with rising literary traditions of the mid-nineteenth century.
Subject-verb dependency formation and semantic interference in native and non-native language comprehension
Authors: Fujita Hiroki , Cunnings Ian
Published: December 2023

Differences between native (L1) and non-native (L2) comprehension have been debated. This study explores whether a source of potential L1/L2 differences lies in susceptibility to memory-based interference during dependency formation. Interference effects are known to occur in sentences like The key to the cabinets were rusty, where ungrammaticality results from a number mismatch between the sentence subject and verb. Such sentences are sometimes misperceived as grammatical due to the presence of a number-matching “distractor” (“the cabinets”). Interference has been well-examined in a number agreement. However, whether and how forming thematic relations is susceptible to interference remains underexplored in L1 and L2 language comprehension. In six preregistered experiments, we investigated semantic interference in language comprehension and explored whether potential L1/L2 differences can be attributed to different degrees of susceptibility to interference. The results did not show that L2 speakers are more susceptible to interference than L1 speakers. Also, the observed interference patterns were only partially consistent with existing theories of memory retrieval during comprehension. We discuss how these theories may be reconciled with our findings and argue our results suggest that similar processes are involved in L1 and L2 subject-verb dependency formation.
Metaphorical Machines or Mindless Consumers: Young Working-Class Femininity in Early Postwar Turkey
Authors: Akgöz Görkem
Published: December 2023

The simultaneous processes of secular state-building and state-led industrialisation resulted in a new ideology of women's labor in Turkey in the 1930s and the first half of the 1940s. As the country moved away from protectionist, state-led industrialisation in the post-war period, female industrial labor received increasing and contradictory attention from policy makers, employers, the new trade union movement, and middle-class feminists. On the one hand, there emerged an idealized image of factory women that emphasized their productive potential by metaphorically linking them with technology and mass production. However, this proud, progressive message was counterbalanced by an anxious, conservative view of young women's work—one that criticized factory girls’ consumption choices as posing a threat to respectable femininity. Weaving together lines of inquiry such as the change in industrialisation policy, women's access to technology, the sexual division of labor, and the emergent consumption patterns, I unpack the tropes of working-class productivity and femininity against the backdrop of the post-war expansion of capitalism in Turkey.
“Successful sit-ins seem a particularly Scottish phenomenon”: Gender, Memory and Deindustrialization
Authors: Clark Andy
Published: December 2023

Memory has become increasingly important in the study of deindustrialization over the last decade. The ways in which those who witnessed drastic socio-economic change reflect on their experiences decades later are crucial in understanding the ramifications. In this paper, I am concerned with the relationships between individual and popular/public memory for women manufacturing workers who participated in militant industrial action to oppose closure. Over a fourteen-month period in 1981 and 1982, three Scottish workforces refused to accept the relocation of their factories and launched occupations in resistance. The workers at the multinational factories of Lee Jeans (Greenock), Lovable Bra (Cumbernauld), and Plessey Capacitors (Bathgate) launched action to oppose shutdowns, which were announced during a period of accelerated closure in Britain. This aspect makes these workers unique in the history of factory closings; as has been demonstrated extensively, militant resistance was very much the exception. The vast majority of industrial workers reluctantly accepted management decisions, with most energy from the labor movement spent on securing enhanced redundancy packages.1 These workers are therefore exceptional among those who experienced the brutality of deindustrialization. They are additionally unique as the workers involved were predominantly women, whose experiences have not been sufficiently incorporated in previous studies of manufacturing closure.2 The disputes were widely reported on at the time; the story of Scottish women fighting against multinational corporations’ “unfair” decisions during a period of rapidly increasing unemployment captured the attention of the labor movement, journalists, and politicians. And, whilst they were not part of a coordinated response to closure, there were clear links between the actions, and significant overlap among the workers involved.
‘It blew my mind’. Creating spaces for integrating creativity, electroacoustic music and digital competencies for student teachers
Authors: Tejada Jesús , Murillo Adolf , Mateu-Luján Borja
Published: December 2023

This exploratory study describes the design and implementation of a sound-based intervention in the initial training of specialist music teachers at a Spanish university. It aimed to create spaces geared towards more creative and contemporary approaches to musical learning in order to gauge the perceptions of trainee teachers regarding this kind of approach. The intervention (45 h of class time) was based on the creation of electroacoustic compositions following the SBM (Sound Based Music) approach using digital tools (Aglaya Play, AP). Qualitative process data were collected through self-reports, individual memories, and nine focus groups. The results suggest that the implementation of new intervention models that take into account the development of future teachers’ creativity with activities focused on exploration, experimentation, and creation with sound can generate new opportunities to enrich their teaching identities.
Ivabradine for congenital ectopic tachycardia in newborn
Authors: Pamukcu Ozge , Citli Rümeysa
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Congenital junctional ectopic tachycardia is a rare arrhythmia that occurs in patients without previous cardiac surgery. In this report, we wanted to present a 6-hour-old newborn with congenital junctional ectopic tachycardia resistant to conventional anti-arrhythmic medications, who was successfully treated with ivabradine and amiadarone combination.

Case:

A six-hour-old newborn girl was hospitalised in neonatal ICU because transient tachypnoea of the newborn. She was tachycardic, and supraventricular tachycardia was noticed. There was no answer to the adenosine esmolol treatment; even synchronised direct cardioversion intravenous amiodarone was started. Junctional ectopic tachycardia was diagnosed. We have added propranolol to the treatment and followed patient for 2 days. On the fourth day, junctional ectopic tachycardia rhythm still persisted; therefore, ivabradine treatment was added to the treatment. On the following day, the heart rhythm was slowed to 110/min, and propranolol was stopped; intravenous amiodarone treatment was changed to the oral form. The rhythm turned into sinus; two days after starting ivabradine and oral amiodarone.

Conclusion:

Tachyarrhythmia originating in the atrioventricular node and atrioventricular junction including the bundle of His complex are junctional ectopic tachycardia. Congenital junctional ectopic tachycardia is rare, and it is mostly resistant to the conventional treatment.

Ivabradine is a new anti-arrhythmic agent, used extensively to decrease sinus rate in the treatment of cardiac failure. Ivabradine may be an option for the resistant congenital ectopic tachycardia
People, Paper and Power: The Birth of the Passport in International Law
Authors: SOOMRO Anam
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a genealogy of the passport in international law. For the most part, the origins of our contemporary mobility order are narrated from the vantage point of the grand principles of sovereignty, hospitality, and liberty. The nuts and bolts through which people access mobility – passports and visas – are generally understood to be the natural, inevitable, and fair by-products of these principles. This paper contributes to existing debates on the coloniality of international migration law by examining the universalization of the passport under the League of Nations. I argue that the universalization of the passport meant abandoning the old idea that the rights of free movement belonged to everyone and, instead, instituted a system that ranks human mobility based on national origins. Theoretically, it is proposed that attention to these “lowly” practices of mobility governance allows us to track the afterlives of race in the international order.
The Beep-Speed Illusion Cannot Be Explained With a Simple Selection Bias
Authors: Meyerhoff Hauke S. , Gehrer Nina A. , Frings Christian
Published: December 2023

Abstract: An object appears to move at higher speed than another equally fast object when brief nonspatial tones coincide with its changes in motion direction. We refer to this phenomenon as the beep-speed illusion ( Meyerhoff et al., 2022 , Cognition, 219, 104978). The origin of this illusion is unclear; however, attentional explanations and potential biases in the response behavior appear to be plausible candidates. In this report, we test a simple bias explanation that emerges from the way the dependent variable is assessed. As the participants have to indicate the faster of the two objects, participants possibly always indicate the audio-visually synchronized object in situations of perceptual uncertainty. Such a response behavior potentially could explain the observed shift in perceived speed. We therefore probed the magnitude of the beep-speed illusion when the participants indicated either the object that appeared to move faster or the object that appeared to move slower. If a simple selection bias would explain the beep-speed illusion, the response pattern should be inverted with the instruction to indicate the slower object. However, contrary to this bias hypothesis, illusion emerged indistinguishably under both instructions. Therefore, simple selection biases cannot explain the beep-speed illusion.
Comparison of Continuously Recorded Seismic Wavefields in Tectonic and Volcanic Environments Based on the Network Covariance Matrix
Authors: Barajas Andrés , Journeau Cyril , Obara Kazushige , Shapiro Nikolai M.
Published: December 2023

Extended and sufficiently dense seismic networks capture spatiotemporal properties of the continuously recorded wavefields and can be used to compute the level of their coherence at different frequencies via the analysis of the network covariance matrix, which has been successfully used to study volcanic seismicity. Here, we present an application of the covariance matrix method in a subduction zone environment. We show that most coherent signals identified through the covariance matrix analysis are related to regional earthquakes with the wavefield properties affected by the scattering, which depends on the source location. Tectonic tremors, on the other hand, are not characterized by a high level of coherence. We compare real data results with a set of synthetic tests aimed at mimicking the properties of seismic sources and the main features of wave propagation. We conclude that highly coherent volcanic tremor wavefields could be produced in two ways: by a spatially localized group of monochromatic seismic sources or by a single source located in a highly heterogeneous medium. In both cases, the stability of the source position is a necessary condition to reproduce the observations in volcanoes. On the other hand, the low coherence of tectonic tremor wavefields can be explained by a spatially extended distribution of sources, in agreement with large portions of the subduction interface being nearly simultaneously involved in the episodes of slow deformation.
Three‐Dimensional Global Hybrid Simulations of Mercury's Disappearing Dayside Magnetosphere
Authors: Guo Jin , Lu San , Lu Quanming , Slavin James A. , Sun Weijie , Ren Junyi , Wang Xueyi , Lin Yu , Hajra Rajkumar , Wang Rongsheng
Published: December 2023

An important discovery of MESSENGER is the occurrence of dayside disappearing magnetosphere (DDM) events that occur when the solar wind dynamic pressure is extremely high and the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is both intense and southward. In this study, we investigate the DDM events at Mercury under extreme solar wind conditions using a three‐dimensional (3‐D) global hybrid simulation model. Our results show that when the solar wind dynamic pressure is 107 nPa and the magnitude of the purely southward IMF is 50 nT, most of the dayside magnetosphere disappears within 10 s after the interaction between the solar wind and the planetary magnetic field starts. During the DDM event, the ion flux is significantly enhanced at most of the planetary dayside surface and reaches its maximum value of about 1010 cm−2 s−1 at the low‐latitude surface, which is much larger than that under normal solar wind conditions. During the DDM events, the dayside bow shock mostly disappears for about 9 s and then reappears. Moreover, the time evolution of magnetopause standoff distance under different solar wind conditions is also studied. When the solar wind dynamic pressure exceeds 25 nPa and the IMF is purely southward, a part of the dayside magnetosphere disappears. Under the same IMF, the higher the solar wind dynamic pressure, the faster the magnetopause standoff distance reaches the planetary surface. When the solar wind conditions are normal (with a dynamic pressure of 8 nPa) or the IMF is purely northward, the dayside magnetosphere does not disappear. The results provide a clear physical image of DDM events from a 3‐D perspective.
Enhancing Biopsychosocial Care for Disorders of Gut–Brain Interaction: 10-Year Growth of an Integrated Pediatric Gastroenterology Psychology Program
Authors: Turner Elizabeth , Rodriguez Kelly O’Neil , Holbein Christina , Fussner Lauren , Wilkes Caroline , Szabo Margo , Baber Kari , Piccoli David
Published: December 2023

Objective:

Effective treatment for disorders of gut–brain interaction (DGBIs) is furthered by integrated interdisciplinary care. Initial efforts at psychology integration in pediatric gastroenterology (GI) clinics may encounter physician referral variability and low patient utilization as barriers to patient access and program growth.

Method:

In this brief report, clinical service approaches and educational efforts to address these barriers and enhance biopsychosocial care for pediatric patients with DGBIs are described, including program structure and growth considerations, levels of outpatient care (e.g., group interventions, specialized interdisciplinary clinics) for patients with DGBIs, and innovative physician and patient/family education on biopsychosocial treatment for DGBIs.

Results:

Over a decade, our established GI Psychology program has grown both in terms of service providers and visit volume to achieve increased access to psychological services and biopsychosocial care for patients with DGBIs and other GI conditions.

Conclusions:

Recommendations for GI Psychology program growth with financial sustainability are discussed.

Implications for Impact Statement

Gastroenterology (GI) Psychology programs can utilize clinical service expansion and educational efforts to enhance biopsychosocial care for pediatric patients with disorders of gut–brain interaction (DGBIs). A strong partnership between GI Psychology and GI leadership is essential to successful program growth and sustainability. Specific strategies that may reduce barriers to biopsychosocial care for patients with GI conditions include distinct levels of outpatient GI Psychology care, Health and Behavior Assessment and Intervention codes for billing, provision of telehealth services, scheduling access via multiple avenues, and departmental efforts to improve health care equity.
Innovations in the Psychological Care of Pediatric Disorders of Gut–Brain Interaction
Authors: Essner Bonnie S. , Boyle Shana L.
Published: December 2023

Objective:

Disorders of gut–brain interaction (DGBI, formerly known as functional gastrointestinal disorders [FGIDs]) are highly prevalent in the pediatric population. DGBIs in youth are often associated with academic, physical, and psychosocial impairments. Assessment and treatment of DGBIs are best conceptualized using a biopsychosocial approach. The inclusion of psychological therapies as part of integrated care for pediatric DGBIs is well supported. The purpose of this special issue is to present innovations in the psychological treatment of pediatric DGBIs.

Method:

Articles inclusive of topics on novel assessment and treatment approaches, quality improvement work, program development, case examples, and commentaries addressing pediatric DGBIs were considered for this special issue.

Results:

This special issue includes eight articles that highlight innovations in the psychological treatment of pediatric DGBIs. Articles cover a wide range of conditions, treatment delivery models, and intervention modalities. Future directions for areas of study, as well as discussion of clinical challenges, disparities in care, program development initiatives, and dissemination opportunities within pediatric psychogastroenterology are also offered.

Conclusions:

The articles included in this issue are expected to guide future evidence-based assessment and treatment of pediatric DGBIs across various settings.

Implications for Impact Statement

This special issue seeks to expand the current research base on psychological assessment and intervention for pediatric disorders of gut-brain interaction. Guidance regarding ethical, logistical, financial, and other potential barriers to expansion and delivery of psychological DGBI-related care are embedded throughout the special issue.