bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Méthode pratique pour le déploiement de l’approche processus au sein d’une chaîne logistique ?
Authors: BENMOUSSA Rachid , DERROUICHE Ridha , BOURAS Abdelaziz
Published: June 2021

Cet article propose une méthode pratique pour le déploiement del’approche processus au sein d’une chaîne logistique. Cette méthode proposetout d’abord un formalisme clair et précis pour la modélisation de cettechaine, qui consiste à la découper en « macro processus, processus, activités ettâches ». Elle préconise ensuite une approche de découpage guidée par leslivrables externes et internes, permettant d’identifier les cartographiesgranulaires et de les valider par la vérification du respect du formalismeproposé. Cette approche permet au passage de décliner la vision stratégiquedu « projet de déploiement de l’approche processus », pour identifier au boutde la chaine les leviers d’actions qui permettent de réaliser cette vision. Laméthode est illustrée à travers des exemples tirés d’un cas industriel,consistant à déployer l’approche processus au sein de la chaîne logistiqued’une entreprise de production de matériaux de construction.
Modeling tolerant hardwood sapling density and occurrence probability in the Acadian forests of New Brunswick, Canada: Results 14 years after harvesting
Authors: Henneb Mohammed , Pelletier Gaetan , Fortin Mathieu , Thiffault Nelson , Giroux Marie-Andrée
Published: June 2021

Natural forest regeneration after natural or anthropogenic disturbance is difficult to predict given its high variability. The process is poorly documented for commercial northern hardwood species in the Acadian forest of eastern Canada. Our objective was to identify the silvicultural, environmental, and ecological factors that best explain the variability in sapling density and occurrence of two commercial tolerant hardwood species in New Brunswick: American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) and sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.). Forty-three permanent sample plots were established in 2002 and measured before harvesting in 2004. Sapling density and occurrence were measured 14 years after harvesting. The results showed that the interactions between the species and the residual merchantable basal area and between the species and the percent of hardwoods in the original stand best explained the sapling density and occurrence variation of tolerant hardwoods. The sapling density of sugar maple increased with increasing merchantable residual basal area. However, the effect of this variable was not significant for the density of American beech saplings. The density and occurrence of tolerant hardwood saplings both increased along with the percent of hardwoods in the original stand. These results provide an improved understanding about tolerant hardwood regeneration dynamics in New Brunswick forests.
Safety and Efficacy of Medial Plate in First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis
Authors: Kuik Leszek , Łuczkiewicz Piotr
Published: June 2021

Background. Arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP-1) is a recognized and effective procedure in advanced osteoarthritis of this joint. Fixation with a dorsal plate and a compression screw has been described as the most stable. Nevertheless, the frequency of revision procedures after MTP-1 arthrodesis has been reported to exceed 10% in some reports. The need for revision surgery is mostly related to the fixation material used and concern both its destabilization and a conflict between the implants and soft tissues. Therefore, there is still scope for developing new stabilization methods for the MTP-1 joint.
Materials and methods. With the approval of the relevant Bioethics Committee, we conducted a pilot clinical trial to assess the safety and efficacy of the use of the medial plate in MTP-1 fusion. Twenty patients qualified for treatment due to osteoarthritis of the metatarsophalangeal joint were evaluated. The clinical results of the surgical treatment were assessed at least one year after the surgery.
Results. The mean AOFAS MTP-IP score increased from 35.29±18.76 to 75.59±12.15. The mean EFAS score in­creased from 9.24±5.73 to 18.35±5.66. Pain level as per a VAS decreased from 6.24±1.48 to 1.59±2.58. A total of 18 patients were satisfied with the procedure, with the remaining 2 patients reporting the result as unsatisfactory. Two revision procedures were performed, both due to migration of the fixation material.
Conclusions. 1. The clinical results of MTP-1 arthrodesis with the medial plate are comparable to the results in the litera­ture. 2. It can be concluded that the use of the medial plate in arthrodesis of the MTP-1 joint is safe and effective, and is a va­­luable alternative to existing methods.
Eksperymentalny dom prefabrykowany
w systemie OWT w Krakowie –Kurdwanowie. Studium przypadku
Authors: Woźniczka Magdalena
Published: June 2021

Publikacja to studium przypadku, jaki stanowi prefabrykowany dom jednorodzinny w technologii OWT/65 wzniesiony
w Krakowie – Kurdwanowie w latach 1984–1988. Celem jest ukazanie, jak budowa i eksploatacja domu jednorodzinnego w systemie OWT spełniła zamierzenia oraz nadzieje projektantów. Metodami badań były analizy: systemu OWT, koncepcji domów prefabrykowanych w systemie OWT opracowanych przez Martę i Krzysztofa Woźniczkę w roku 1983, dokumentacji fotograficznej, projektów budowy i przebudowy badanego domu; oraz wywiad z Martą i Krzysztofem Woźniczką. W rezultacie badań określono, że dom w systemie OWT częściowo spełnił pokładane w nim nadzieje. Koszt jego wybudowania był niski,
a stworzona forma i układ przestrzenny mogły być dostosowywane do zmieniających się potrzeb mieszkańców. Wadami koncepcji okazała się konieczność wykonania wielu, pierwotnie nieplanowanych, prac, które wydłużyły proces budowy i zwiększyły koszty realizacji. Niemniej badany dom mimo upływu lat dobrze spełnia swoją funkcję. Jest to zasługa możliwości modernizacji i dostosowywania obiektu do bieżących potrzeb.
Analiza danych typowego roku meteorologicznego wykorzystywanych
w symulacjach komputerowych budynków
o wysokiej sprawności funkcjonowania
w projektowaniu architektonicznym
Authors: Masły Dariusz
Published: June 2021

W artykule opisano projekt mający na celu komputerowe przeanalizowanie oraz porównanie dostępnych danych godzinowych typowego roku meteorologicznego (TRM), dla Krakowa Balic, opracowanych przez IMGW, dostępnych w materiałach archiwalnych ministerstwa właściwego do spraw budownictwa i mieszkalnictwa (ISO) oraz opracowanych w ramach projektów badawczych wykonanych przez ASHRAE. Dane te są wykorzystywane w symulacjach komputerowych na potrzeby projektowania architektonicznego budynków o wysokiej sprawności funkcjonowania. W danych IMGW oraz opracowanych na ich podstawie plikach ISO zauważono nieprawidłowość. Całkowite natężenie promieniowania słonecznego w okresie letnim, obliczone z danymi IMGW dla różnych orientacji elewacji – południowej, północnej, wschodniej i zachodniej, jest najwyższe na elewacji wschodniej. Jest wyższe od natężenia na elewacji południowej.
Coralporosis: Ocean Acidification Leaves Deep-Sea Coral Reefs at Risk of Collapse
Authors: Dybas Cheryl
Published: June 2021

As we age, our skeletons often become riddled with osteoporosis, a disease in which the body loses too much bone. As a result, our hips and wrists become weak and may break. Could the same thing happen to the skeletons of coral reefs? Recent research says yes, and points to a weakening of deep-sea corals’ “bones” from ocean acidification.
Verfassungsablösung
Authors: Eggert Friederike
Published: June 2021

In her work, the author examines the question of how democratic constitutional states can give themselves new constitutions. On the basis of a comparative analysis of constitutional practice, the author develops constitutional replacement as a sui generis institute of constitutional theory. The core of the question is in which constitutional cases and under which legal and theoretical conditions the replacement of the current constitution would be permissible. The author justifies constitutional replacement based on a democratic-legal understanding of the pouvoir constituant, the "constitution-replacing power". In this concept, the constituent sovereignty of the people becomes a right of the people to replace its constitution.
Visual Politics
Authors: Steffan Dennis
Published: June 2021

Visuals are ubiquitous in politics. They frame the way viewers understand issues and events and they affect candidate evaluations and even voting behaviour. Nevertheless, little is known about the strategic use of visuals in election campaigns. This book investigates the visual communication strategies of political parties and candidates from both a longitudinal and a comparative perspective. It analyses tools such as campaign posters and social media profiles and demonstrates the relevance of visuals in Western democracies. ‘Visual Politics’ is aimed at undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as scholars and those interested in the role of visuals in election campaigns such as campaign strategists, parties, candidates and journalists.
Post Harvest Assessment and Nutritional Evaluation of Different Cultivars of Taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) Grown in the Alluvial Soils of West Bengal, India
Authors: Momin Manisha Ch. , Jamir Alemmoa R. , Mitra Surajit
Published: June 2021

Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the nutritional content of various cultivars of taro acquired from All India Co-ordinated Research Project (AICRP) on tuber crops.

Study design:Completely randomized design (CRD) at 5% level of significance.

Place and duration of study: Department of Post Harvest Technology, faculty of Horticulture, Bidhan Chandra KrishiViswavidyalaya, West Bengal, India, between December 2019 and February 2020.

Methodology: 8 cultivars of taro were evaluated for their nutritional contents in this study and their physical attributes such as cormel girth, length, specific gravity, number of cormels per plant and weight of cormel as well as yield per hectare was calculated. Chemical attributes such as titratable acidity, starch, ascorbic acid, total phenol and total sugar as well as reducing sugar content in each cultivar was also studied.

Results: Analysis of variance showed significant variation among all the tested cultivars. Moisture content, total sugar and starch was recorded to be highest in the cultivar TTR-17-6 (72.233 %, 5.007 % and 31.805 % respectively). Total phenol (188 mg GAE 100 gm-1) and reducing sugar (2.817%) was found to be highest in TTR-17-5. Total soluble solids was highest in TTR-17-7 (3.867 0Brix). Dry matter content was highest in TTR-17-4 (37.333 %) and ascorbic acid was highest in TTR-17-2 (70.093 mg 100 gm-1).

Conclusion: The eight cultivars of taro studied were found to be rich in sugars, ascorbic acid, total phenols and starch. They were observed to vary in cormel girth, length, weight, specific gravity, yield, moisture, dry matter content, TSS and titratable acidity. The cultivar TTR-17-6 was found to be very high in starch, total sugar and moisture content. Therefore, this cultivar may be of considerable importance in ameliorating malnutrition in poorly resourced areas of the developing countries. Cultivar TTR-17-2 was found to be high in ascorbic acid and hence can be further used by the plant breeders to develop more cultivars of taro that are rich in such phytochemicals.
Productivity Enhancement of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.) through Critical Agronomic Interventions under Southern Agro-Climatic Zone of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Jyothi Karanam Navya , Sumathi V. , Subramanyam D. , Sudhakar P. , Krishna T. Giridhar , Sagar G. Karuna
Published: June 2021

A field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2016 and 2017 at S.V. Agricultural College farm, Tirupati to study the influence of spacing, nutrient and weed nutrient management practices on growth and yield of foxtail millet. Significant effects were noticed on growth and yield components viz., plant height, number of panicles m-2, weight of the panicle, grain weight panicle-1, grain and straw yield of foxtail millet. Among different plant geometries tried, closer spacing of 20 cm x10 cm registered taller plants, higher number of panicles m-2, higher grain and straw yield, where as the weight of the panicle, grain weight panicle-1 were found to be highest with 30 cm x10 cm. Among the micronutrient management practices, foliar application of ZnSO4@ 0.5% twice at the time of flowering and at grain filling stage along with 100% RDF registered taller plants as well as higher grain yields.Hand weeding at 20 DAS and 30 DAS outperformed other weed management practices. This was followed by pre-emergence application of butachlor @ 1 kg a.i ha-1 with one hand weeding at 30DAS.The study concluded that the closer spacing of 20cmx 10cm, foliar application of ZnSO4 at the time of flowering and 20 days after flowering along with RDF and hand weeding twice at 20 DAS and 30 DAS resulted in higher productivity of foxtail millet.
Defect‐Induced Self‐Reduction and Anti‐Thermal Quenching in NaZn(PO3)3:Mn2+ Red Phosphor
Authors: Wu Li , Sun Shaojun , Bai Yuxing , Xia Zhiguo , Wu Liwei , Chen Huimin , Zheng Lirong , Yi Huan , Sun Tongqing , Kong Yongfa , Zhang Yi , Xu Jingjun
Published: June 2021

Self‐reduction behavior of doped activators and zero‐thermal‐quenching luminescence have received much more attention in the exploration of luminescent materials for phosphor‐converted white light‐emitting diodes. Here, a combination of the two properties is demonstrated in a Mn2+ activated red phosphor, NaZn(PO3)3:Mn2+, synthesized by a high temperature solid state reaction in ambient atmosphere, which is free from thermal quenching until 250 °C. By combined first‐principles calculation and experimental investigation, the self‐reduction mechanism from Mn4+ to Mn2+ and the anti‐thermal quenching are clarified. The unique properties originate from the cation vacancy defects and the thermally induced energy transfer from the defect energy levels to the Mn2+ 3d excited state centers. This result will deepen the understanding of the effect of the crystal defect on luminescent materials, as well as inspiring more exploration on defect control to develop novel high thermal stability phosphors for practical application.
Analysis of high‐risk pedigrees identifies 11 candidate variants for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Teerlink Craig C. , Miller Justin B. , Vance Elizabeth L. , Staley Lyndsay A. , Stevens Jeffrey , Tavana Justina P. , Cloward Matthew E. , Page Madeline L. , Dayton Louisa ,   Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium, Cannon‐Albright Lisa A. , Kauwe John S.K.
Published: June 2021

Introduction

Analysis of sequence data in high‐risk pedigrees is a powerful approach to detect rare predisposition variants.

Methods

Rare, shared candidate predisposition variants were identified from exome sequencing 19 Alzheimer's disease (AD)‐affected cousin pairs selected from high‐risk pedigrees. Variants were further prioritized by risk association in various external datasets. Candidate variants emerging from these analyses were tested for co‐segregation to additional affected relatives of the original sequenced pedigree members.

Results

AD‐affected high‐risk cousin pairs contained 564 shared rare variants. Eleven variants spanning 10 genes were prioritized in external datasets: rs201665195 (ABCA7), and rs28933981 (TTR) were previously implicated in AD pathology; rs141402160 (NOTCH3) and rs140914494 (NOTCH3) were previously reported; rs200290640 (PIDD1) and rs199752248 (PIDD1) were present in more than one cousin pair; rs61729902 (SNAP91), rs140129800 (COX6A2, AC026471), and rs191804178 (MUC16) were not present in a longevity cohort; and rs148294193 (PELI3) and rs147599881 (FCHO1) approached significance from analysis of AD‐related phenotypes. Three variants were validated via evidence of co‐segregation to additional relatives (PELI3, ABCA7, and SNAP91).

Discussion

These analyses support ABCA7 and TTR as AD risk genes, expand on previously reported NOTCH3 variant identification, and prioritize seven additional candidate variants.
Production of NiO, NiO/Ag, NiO/Au, and NiO/Pt hollow spheres by using block copolymer stabilized microspheres as a template
Authors: Koçak Gökhan , Bütün Vural , Tuncer Cansel
Published: June 2021

Hollow spheres of nickel oxide (NiO) and silver, gold, and platinum nanoparticle loaded NiO composites were successfully produced by using polystyrene (PS) latexes as hard template. Due to the presence of tertiary amine based diblock copolymer stabilizer on the surface of PS, the tertiary amine functional groups provided homogene deposition of nickel hydroxide, and then the precursor NiO salt production on the surface of PS latexes with a controlled precipitation technique. Then, NiO and NiO/metal NP hollow spheres were produced by calcination at 600 °C. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the amounts of NiO and NiO‐composite after calcination were in the range of 21.1–29.7 wt%. The diameters of metal oxide spheres were in the range of 2.0–2.7 μm and the shell thickness were in the range of 250–350 nm. These structures had very low densities due to their porous and hollow structures and had outer layers with highly rough surfaces due to formation of nanosheets, which may offer important advantages for catalysis studies.
Extraction on a Robotic Platform – Autonomous Solvent Selection under Economic Evaluation Criteria
Authors: Schreiber Mareike , Brunert Manuel , Schembecker Gerhard
Published: June 2021

Steps and necessary decisions for a liquid‐liquid extraction were pointed out for its automatic design on a robotic platform. A tool for solvent selection based on Hansen parameters was developed to simplify solvent selection. An approach was developed for automatic, visual phase boundary detection. Key performance indicators are used to ensure economically motivated decisions. The autonomous design of an extraction process is demonstrated for the separation of progesterone from a fermentation broth. The method leads to the selection of methanol and acetonitrile, with separation cost indicators of 146 and 183 € gProg.−1. This work constitutes the prospects of using autonomous robotic systems to design entire production processes.
Familiarity and Mate Preference Assessment with the Partner Preference Test
Authors: Beery Annaliese K.
Published: June 2021

In contrast to traditional laboratory animals, prairie voles form socially monogamous partnerships in the wild and exhibit lasting social preferences for familiar individuals—both mates and same‐sex peers—in the laboratory. Decades of research into the mechanisms supporting pair bonding behavior have made prairie voles an important model organism for the study of social relationships. The partner preference test is a laboratory test of familiarity preference that takes place over an extended interval (typically 3 hr), during which test subjects can directly interact with conspecifics and often engage in resting side‐by‐side contact (i.e., huddling). The use of this test has enabled study of the neural pathways and mechanisms involved in promoting or impairing relationship formation. The tendency to form partner preferences is also used as a behavioral indicator of the effects of early life experiences and environmental exposures. While this test was developed to assess the extent of social preference for mates in prairie voles, it has been adapted for use in other social contexts and in multiple other species. This article provides instructions for conducting the classic partner preference test, as well as variations including same‐sex “peer” partner preference tests. The effects of several protocol variations are examined, including duration of cohousing, separation interval, use of tethers versus barriers, linear versus branched apparatus configuration, and duration of the test. The roles of social variables including sex of the focal individual, sex of conspecifics, reproductive state, and use of the test in other species are then considered. Finally, sample data are provided along with discussion of scoring and statistical analysis of partner preference tests. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Basic Protocol: Partner preference test

Support Protocol: Behavioral scoring
Dielectric Relaxation and Non‐Overlapping Small Polaron Tunneling Model Conduction Studies of Ag2‐xNaxZnP2O7 (x = 0, 1, and 2) Materials
Authors: Dhaou Mohamed Houcine , Mallah Abdulrahman , Alsawi Abdulrahman
Published: June 2021

The Ag2−xNaxZnP2O7 (x = 0, 1, and 2) materials are prepared using the solid–solid method followed by heat treatment. The investigated samples are characterized by combining X‐ray powder diffraction and electrical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The Rietveld refinement of the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) pattern revealed that these Ag2ZnP2O7, AgNaZnP2O7, and Na2ZnP2O7 compounds are indexed in the tetragonal system with the P42/n space group. Their dielectric properties are measured in the frequency and temperature ranges of 200–107 Hz and 419–518 K, respectively. In these compounds, the dielectric relaxation can be described by a Cole–Cole model. The frequency dependence of the conductivity is interpreted in terms of Jonscher's law. For the three compounds, the activation energy for conduction has a different value compared to the activation energy for the relaxation process. This indicates that the conduction in the compound is not predicted by the simple hopping model. Then, the temperature dependence of the power‐law exponent(s) suggests that the non‐overlapping small polaron tunneling model is the dominant transport process in these materials. Moreover, the values of defect states N(EF) and the tunnel distance RW show the electrical performance of the Ag2ZnP2O7 compound.
The Health & Aging Brain among Latino Elders (HABLE) study methods and participant characteristics
Authors: O'Bryant Sid E. , Johnson Leigh A. , Barber Robert C. , Braskie Meredith N. , Christian Bradley , Hall James R. , Hazra Nalini , King Kevin , Kothapalli Deydeep , Large Stephanie , Mason David , Matsiyevskiy Elizabeth , McColl Roderick , Nandy Rajesh , Palmer Raymond , Petersen Melissa , Philips Nicole , Rissman Robert A. , Shi Yonggang , Toga Arthur W. , Vintimilla Raul , Vig Rocky , Zhang Fan , Yaffe Kristine ,   for the HABLE Study Team
Published: June 2021

Introduction

Mexican Americans remain severely underrepresented in Alzheimer's disease (AD) research. The Health & Aging Brain among Latino Elders (HABLE) study was created to fill important gaps in the existing literature.

Methods

Community‐dwelling Mexican Americans and non‐Hispanic White adults and elders (age 50 and above) were recruited. All participants underwent comprehensive assessments including an interview, functional exam, clinical labs, informant interview, neuropsychological testing, and 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. Amyloid and tau positron emission tomography (PET) scans were added at visit 2. Blood samples were stored in the Biorepository.

Results

Data was examined from n = 1705 participants. Significant group differences were found in medical, demographic, and sociocultural factors. Cerebral amyloid and neurodegeneration imaging markers were significantly different between Mexican Americans and non‐Hispanic Whites.

Discussion

The current data provide strong support for continued investigations that examine the risk factors for and biomarkers of AD among diverse populations.
Menopausal symptoms and risk of heart failure: a retrospective analysis from Taiwan National Health Insurance Database
Authors: Huang Ching‐Hui , Kor Chew‐Teng , Lian Ie‐Bin , Chang Chia‐Chu
Published: June 2021

Aims

Women with menopausal symptoms show evidence of accelerated epigenetic ageing, vascular aging and low‐grade systemic inflammation status. However, data are limited regarding menopausal symptoms and risk of heart failure (HF). We aimed to explore the impact of menopausal symptoms on risk of HF.

Methods

We included 14 340 symptomatic menopausal women without a history of coronary heart disease (CHD) or HF from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database as the experimental cohort. We included 14 340 asymptomatic women matched for age and comorbidities as controls. We surveyed possible comorbidity‐attributable risks of HF and assessed whether menopausal symptoms play a role in risk of HF. Additional analyses were conducted to ascertain the association of CHD and HF in different risk factor burdens categories in both cohorts and CHD was applied as a sensitivity analysis.

Results

The incidence of HF was not significantly lower in the experimental than in the control cohort (4.87 vs. 5.06 per 1000 person‐years, P = 0.336). Participants with a higher comorbidity burden had a proportionally increased risk of HF and CHD in both cohorts. The burden of risk factors had a greater impact on risk of HF in the control than in the experimental cohort (≥five risk factors, adjusted hazard ratio 25.69 vs. 14.75). Participants undergoing hormone therapy had no significant effect on the risk of HF, regardless of the presence or absence of menopausal symptoms. Subgroup analysis revealed that compared with the control cohort, the risk of HF in the experimental cohort did not increase significantly in all subgroups.

Conclusions

Menopausal symptoms were associated with CHD risk but not with risk of HF. Traditional risk factors rather than menopausal symptoms play important roles in the HF risk among middle‐aged women.
MHD stagnation point flow of Casson fluid over a convective stretching sheet considering thermal radiation, slip condition, and viscous dissipation
Authors: Dessie Hunegnaw
Published: June 2021

This study presents the problem of MHD stagnation point flow of Casson fluid over a convective stretching sheet considering thermal radiation, slip condition, and viscous dissipation. The partial differential equations with the corresponding boundary conditions that govern the fluid flow are reduced to a system of highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations using scaling group transformations. The fourth‐order method along shooting technique is applied to solve this system of boundary value problems numerically. The effects of flow parameters on the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are presented via graphs. The impact of the physical parameters on the skin friction coefficient reduced Nusselt numbers and reduced Sherwood numbers are investigated through tables. Comparison of the present findings with the previously published results in the literature shows an excellent agreement. It is also noted that a rise in the Eckert number results in a drop in the temperature of the fluid in the thermal boundary layer region of the fluid flow.
Coverage analysis of indoor users from mm‐wave multi‐RAT small cells deployed along roads
Authors: Ghatak Gourab
Published: June 2021

The initial deployment of millimeter‐wave (mm‐wave) base stations (BSs), for example, by Verizon and AT&T will be on top of lamp‐posts along the roads of an urban scenario. These deployments will mainly target the outdoor pedestrian users and provide on‐demand ultra‐high data rates. However, as the mm‐wave deployments mature, the operator must necessarily dimension the network by taking into consideration the requirements of the indoor cellular users as well. In this paper, we study the extent of indoor coverage with on‐road BS deployments, so as to enable the network operators with necessary system design and network dimensioning insights. We derive the tier and radio access technique (RAT) selection probabilities of the typical indoor user, and consequently, we characterize its signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) coverage probability. Based on the density of roads in the city, we prescribe the optimal density of the BSs required to maximize the SINR coverage of the indoor users.
Sarcopenia in geriatric psychiatry: feasibility of the diagnostic process and estimation of prevalence within a hospital context
Authors: Sperlich Esther , Fleiner Tim , Zijlstra Wiebren , Haussermann Peter , Morat Tobias
Published: June 2021

Background

Sarcopenia is an age‐related progressive and general skeletal muscle disease associated with negative consequences such as falls, disability, and mortality. An early‐stage diagnosis is important to enable adequate treatment, especially in geriatric psychiatry. However, there presently is little information about the feasibility of diagnostic procedures and the prevalence of sarcopenia in clinical geriatric psychiatry settings. The aim of this study is to implement a diagnostic process for sarcopenia in a geriatric psychiatry hospital, to investigate its feasibility and to analyse the prevalence rates.

Methods

A single‐centre cross‐sectional study over 3 months was conducted in a geriatric psychiatry hospital. All admitted patients with a diagnosis of dementia, depression, or delirium were screened regarding the clinical impression of frailty and sarcopenia according to the current diagnostic algorithm of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2).

Results

We found that short physical performance tests, such as the handgrip strength testing (91%) or 4 m walking test (91%), were applicable in our sample. The original standardized instructions of longer tests could not be performed appropriately, for example, in the five‐times‐sit‐to‐stand‐test (32%), the timed‐up‐and‐go‐test (68%), and the 400 m walking test (38%). Muscle mass measurements using bioelectric impedance analysis were feasible in all patients (100%). The analysis revealed an estimated prevalence rate for sarcopenia of 65% for patients suffering from dementia and 36% for patients suffering from depression. In our final analysis, 15 patients suffering from dementia, 19 suffering from depression, and no patient suffering from delirium were included [22 female (64.7%) and twelve male (35.3%) patients]. The patients were on average 78.9 ± 7.7 years old, with the youngest patient being 61 years old and the oldest patient 93 years old. Out of the total sample, 14 patients suffering from dementia and eight patients suffering from depression were diagnosed with a severe stage of sarcopenia.

Conclusions

The EWGSOP2 algorithm seems to be applicable in the clinical routine of a geriatric psychiatry hospital. The high estimated prevalence rates of sarcopenia highlight the need for an early and comprehensive screening for sarcopenia in geriatric psychiatry.
Synthesis and Nitrite/Sulfite Electrochemical Response Investigation of Fluorene‐Based, Cross‐Linked Polyisocyanide
Authors: Xu Kunfang , Shi Wei , Zhang Kesong , Liu Sai , Xie Zhengfeng
Published: June 2021

As compared to the widely studied linear‐type polyisocyanides (PICs), the development of cross‐linked PICs has not attracted much attention, and their applications in electrochemical fields are scarcely reported by far. Herein, a type of novel fluorene‐based isocyanide monomer (BIF), which bears two isocyano (─NC) groups, is successfully synthesized via Hofmann method with 9, 9‐bis (4‐aminophenyl) fluorene as the precursor. Corresponding fluorene‐based, cross‐linked PIC derivative (PBIF) is successfully prepared by Ni2+‐catalyzed polymerization of BIF. Chemical structure, elemental composition, accumulation state, thermal stability, microstructure, porous characteristics, and specific surface area of PBIF are characterized. NO2− and SO32− electrochemical responses of the modified glassy carbon electrode (PBIF/CS/GCE), which is fabricated with PBIF as the active material and chitosan (CS) as adhesive agent, is systematically analyzed here. Experimental results show that PBIF/CS/GCE exhibits strengthened NO2−/SO32− electrochemical response, suggesting that PBIF has a potential application prospect as novel non‐conjugated polymer‐based NO2−/SO32− electrochemical probing material.
Investigating the interplay of device type, product familiarity, and shopping motivations on the accuracy of product size estimations in e‐commerce settings
Authors: Chung Sorim , Karampela Maria
Published: June 2021

Research on diverging device conditions remains scarce, particularly in relation to how they affect online shoppers' product assessments. This research investigates the effects of online shoppers' device type on the accuracy of their product size evaluations and reveals, for the first time, the complex mechanisms behind these effects by examining the role of confidence about product size, product familiarity, and shopping motivations. The findings from four experimental studies show that using a PC (vs. a smartphone) to view products results in greater size‐estimation errors than do smartphones. Moderated‐mediation analyses suggest that viewing products on a PC (vs. a smartphone) leads to overconfidence about product sizes, which then results in greater size‐estimation errors, and this mediation effect is stronger for unfamiliar products. However, the mediation effect is reversed with utilitarian motivations—PC users become more accurate in estimating product sizes. Overall, the findings encourage online retailers to consider their customers' device type as one of the factors influencing size‐related returns; thus, optimizing their product showcases by carefully monitoring customers' device information, which is easily identifiable through websites, is important in improving the accuracy of product assessment.
General massless field equations for higher spin in dimension 4
Authors: Lávička Roman , Souček Vladimír , Wang Wei
Published: June 2021

Massless field equations are fundamental in particle physics. In Clifford analysis, the Euclidean version of these equations has been dealt with, but it is not clear, even in dimension 4, what should be the right analogue of massless field equations for fields with values in a general irreducible Spin(4)‐module. The main aim of the paper is to explain that a good possibility is to take the so‐called generalized Cauchy–Riemann equations proposed a long time ago by Stein and Weiss. For this choice of the equations, we show that their polynomial solutions form different irreducible Spin(4)‐modules. This is an important step in developing the corresponding function theory.
How we approach hemangiomas in infants
Authors: Mayer Jennifer L.R. , Intzes Stefanos , Oza Vikash S. , Blei Francine
Published: June 2021

Pediatric oncologists are increasingly involved in the management of benign vascular tumors and their associated life‐threatening complications. Hemangiomas are the most common referring diagnosis to multidisciplinary vascular anomalies clinics. However, as contemporary research has revealed, hemangiomas are not a single, easily defined entity but rather a diverse set of related vascular tumors, each having a unique natural history, growth pattern, and response to therapy. This manuscript seeks to illustrate how we evaluate and manage these complex tumors, their complications, and associated syndromes, while remaining ever vigilant for malignant hemangioma mimickers such as soft tissue sarcomas and congenital leukemia.
Chain transfer to solvent in BN 2‐vinylnaphthalene radical polymerization
Authors: Ji Yuyang , Klausen Rebekka S.
Published: June 2021

The synthesis of vinyl alcohol copolymers is limited due to the poor radical reactivity of vinyl acetate (VAc), the traditional precursor to polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Main group monomers such as BN 2‐vinylnaphthalene (BN2VN) have attracted attention as alternatives to VAc to form side chain hydroxyls via oxidation, but outstanding questions of molecular weight control remain. Herein we report systematic investigation of solvent, temperature, and initiator concentration as factors influencing BN2VN degree of polymerization. We find increased chain transfer to toluene, hypothesized to arise from differences in radical stabilization and reactivity by aromatic and BN aromatic rings. As a result of these combined efforts, high molecular weight (Mw ~ 105 g mol−1) BN2VN homopolymers and BN2VN‐styrene copolymers were obtained.
Community modulated recursive trees and population dependent branching processes
Authors: Bhamidi Shankar , Fan Ruituo , Fraiman Nicolas , Nobel Andrew
Published: June 2021

We consider random recursive trees that are grown via community modulated schemes that involve random attachment or degree based attachment. The aim of this article is to derive general techniques based on continuous time embedding to study such models. The associated continuous time embeddings are not branching processes: individual reproductive rates at each time t depend on the composition of the entire population at that time, and hence vertices do not reproduce independently. Using stochastic analytic techniques we show that various key macroscopic statistics of the continuous time embedding stabilize, allowing asymptotics for a host of functionals of the original models to be derived.
CNSi/MXene/CNSi: Unique Structure with Specific Electronic Properties for Nanodevices
Authors: Bai Haoyun , Ai Haoqiang , Li Bowen , Liu Dong , Lo Kin Ho , Ng Kar Wei , Shi Xingqiang , Kawazoe Yoshiyuki , Pan Hui
Published: June 2021

2D materials have been interesting for applications into nanodevices due to their intriguing physical properties. In this work, four types of unique structures are designed that are composed of MXenes and C/N‐Si layers (CNSi), where MXene is sandwiched by the CNSi layers with different thicknesses, for their practical applications into integrated devices. The systematic calculations on their elastic constants, phonon dispersions, and thermodynamic properties show that these structures are stable, depending on the composition of MXene. It is found: 1) different from MXene or N‐functionalized MXene (M2CN2), SiN2/M2X/SiN2 possess new electronic properties with free carriers only in the middle, leading to 2D free electron gas; 2) CNSi/MXene/CNSi shows an intrinsic Ohmic semiconductor‐metal‐semiconductor (S‐M‐S) contact, which is potential for applications into nanodevices; and 3) O/M2C/SiN2 and N/M2C/OSiN are also stable and show different electronic properties, which can be semiconductor or metal as a whole depending on the interface. A method is further proposed to fabricate the 2D structures based on the industrial availability. The findings may provide a novel strategy to design and fabricate the 2D structures for their application into nanodevices and integrated circuits.
Reviving the performative hypothesis?
Authors: van Elswyk Peter ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: June 2021

A traditional problem with the performative hypothesis is that it cannot assign proper truth-conditions to a declarative sentence. This paper shows that the problem is solved by adopting a multidimensional semantics on which sentences have more than just truth-conditions. This is good news for those who want to at least partially revive the hypothesis. The solution also brings into focus a lesson about what issues to consider when drawing the semantics/pragmatics boundary.
Analysis of fine particulates from fuel burning in a reconstructed building at Çatalhöyük World Heritage Site, Turkey: assessing air pollution in prehistoric settled communities
Authors: Shillito Lisa-Marie , Namdeo Anil , Bapat Aishwarya Vikram , Mackay Helen , Haddow Scott D.
Published: June 2021

The use of wood, dung and other biomass fuels can be traced back to early prehistory. While the study of prehistoric fuel use and its environmental impacts is well established, there has been little investigation of the health impacts this would have had, particularly in the Neolithic period, when people went from living in relatively small groups, to living in dense settlements. The UNESCO World Heritage Site of Çatalhöyük, Turkey, is one of the earliest large ‘pre-urban’ settlements in the world. In 2017, a series of experiments were conducted to measure fine particulate (PM2.5) concentrations during typical fuel burning activities, using wood and dung fuel. The results indicate that emissions from both fuels surpassed the WHO and EU standard limits for indoor air quality, with dung fuel being the highest contributor for PM2.5 pollution inside the house, producing maximum values > 150,000 µg m−3. Maximum levels from wood burning were 36,000 µg m−3. Average values over a 2–3 h period were 13–60,000 µg m−3 for dung and 10–45,000 µg m−3 for wood. The structure of the house, lack of ventilation and design of the oven and hearth influenced the air quality inside the house. These observations have implications for understanding the relationship between health and the built environment in the past.
Ancillary science with Ariel: feasibility and scientific potential of young stellar object observations
Authors: Gyürüs B. , Kiss Cs. , Morales J.C. , Nakhjiri N. , Marton G. , Ábrahám P. , Kóspál Á. , Moór A. , Szabó Gy.M. , Szabó R.
Published: June 2021

To investigate the feasibility of ancillary target observations with ESA’s Ariel mission, we compiled a list of potentially interesting young stars: FUors, systems harbouring extreme debris discs and a larger sample of young stellar objects showing strong near/mid-infrared excess. These objects can be observed as additional targets in the waiting times between the scheduled exoplanet transit and occultation observations. After analyzing the schedule for Ariel an algorithm was constructed to find the optimal target to be observed in each gap. The selection was mainly based on the slew and stabilization time needed to observe the selected YSO, but it also incorporated the scientific importance of the targets and whether they have already been sufficiently measured. After acquiring an adequately large sample of simulation data, it was concluded that approximately 99.2% of the available – at least one hour long – gaps could be used effectively. With an average slewing and stabilization time of about 16.7 minutes between scheduled exoplanet transits and ancillary targets, this corresponds to an additional 2881 ± 56 hours of active data gathering. When this additional time is used to observe our selected 200 ancillary targets, a typical signal-to-noise ratio of $\sim 10^{4}$
∼
1

0

4

can be achieved along the whole spectral window covered by Ariel.
Sense-making of autonomy and control: Comparing school leaders in public and independent schools in a Swedish case
Authors: Nordholm Daniel , Arnqvist Anders , Nihlfors Elisabet
Published: June 2021

This article analyses how school leaders depict their autonomy and how they make sense of the relationship between autonomy and control. Attention is drawn to three leadership focuses: the pedagogical direction of the school, decision-making over the internal organisation, and school improvement work. The article integrates survey data on Swedish school leaders (n = 1286). In addition, two theoretical categories were applied in the qualitative data analysis to explore how school leaders and local education authorities and its independent counterpart make sense of the relationship between autonomy and control: technical sense-making (TSM) and critical reflective learning. The findings showed that school leaders, both in public and independent schools, experienced a rather high degree of autonomy within the three focuses. The findings also indicated that school leaders in independent schools experienced a higher degree of autonomy regarding the pedagogical direction of the school and school improvement work. However, the effect sizes were low, indicating that the results must be considered with caution. The qualitative data analysis, in turn, revealed an overall emphasis on TSM among school leaders both in public and independent schools, reducing the possibilities for a novel and vibrant leadership. Based on these results, the article concludes that autonomy could constitute an important prerequisite for school leadership, but making sense of the relationship between autonomy and control stands out as even more important for successful school improvement.
Recycled algae-based carbon materials as electroconductive 3D printed skeletal muscle tissue engineering scaffolds
Authors: Bilge Selva , Ergene Emre , Talak Ebru , Gokyer Seyda , Donar Yusuf Osman , Sınağ Ali , Yilgor Huri Pinar
Published: June 2021

Skeletal muscle is an electrically and mechanically active tissue that contains highly oriented, densely packed myofibrils. The tissue has self-regeneration capacity upon injury, which is limited in the cases of volumetric muscle loss. Several regenerative therapies have been developed in order to enhance this capacity, as well as to structurally and mechanically support the defect site during regeneration. Among them, biomimetic approaches that recapitulate the native microenvironment of the tissue in terms of parallel-aligned structure and biophysical signals were shown to be effective. In this study, we have developed 3D printed aligned and electrically active scaffolds in which the electrical conductivity was provided by carbonaceous material (CM) derived from algae-based biomass. The synthesis of this conductive and functional CM consisted of eco-friendly synthesis procedure such as pre-carbonization and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) catalysis. CM obtained from biomass via hydrothermal carbonization (CM-03) and its ash form (CM-03K) were doped within poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) matrix and 3D printed to form scaffolds with aligned fibers for structural biomimicry. Scaffolds were seeded with C2C12 mouse myoblasts and subjected to electrical stimulation during the in vitro culture. Enhanced myotube formation was observed in electroactive groups compared to their non-conductive counterparts and it was observed that myotube formation and myotube maturity were significantly increased for CM-03 group after electrical stimulation. The results have therefore showed that the CM obtained from macroalgae biomass is a promising novel source for the production of the electrically conductive scaffolds for skeletal muscle tissue engineering.
Joint optimization of an autoencoder for clustering and embedding
Authors: Boubekki Ahcène , Kampffmeyer Michael , Brefeld Ulf , Jenssen Robert
Published: June 2021

Deep embedded clustering has become a dominating approach to unsupervised categorization of objects with deep neural networks. The optimization of the most popular methods alternates between the training of a deep autoencoder and ak-means clustering of the autoencoder’s embedding. The diachronic setting, however, prevents the former to benefit from valuable information acquired by the latter. In this paper, we present an alternative where the autoencoder and the clustering are learned simultaneously. This is achieved by providing novel theoretical insight, where we show that the objective function of a certain class of Gaussian mixture models (GMM’s) can naturally be rephrased as the loss function of a one-hidden layer autoencoder thus inheriting the built-in clustering capabilities of the GMM. That simple neural network, referred to as the clustering module, can be integrated into a deep autoencoder resulting in a deep clustering model able to jointly learn a clustering and an embedding. Experiments confirm the equivalence between the clustering module and Gaussian mixture models. Further evaluations affirm the empirical relevance of our deep architecture as it outperforms related baselines on several data sets.