bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patients with Parkinson’s Disease Show Alteration in their Visuospatial Abilities and in their Egocentric and Allocentric Spatial Orientation Measured by Card Placing Tests
Authors: Fernandez-Baizan Cristina , Paula Fernandez Garcia M. , Diaz-Caceres Elena , Menendez-Gonzalez Manuel , Arias Jorge L. , Mendez Marta
Published: October 2020

Background: Visuospatial skills are impaired in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Other related skills exist, such as spatial orientation have been poorly studied. The egocentric (based on internal cues) and allocentric frameworks (based on external cues) are used in daily spatial orientation. Depending on PD onset, the allocentric framework may have a higher level of impairment in tremor-dominant and the egocentric one in akinetic-rigid. Objective: To evaluate spatial orientation and visuospatial functions in PD patients and controls, and to assess whether their performance is related to disease duration and the PD subtype (tremor-dominant and akinetic-rigid). Methods: We evaluated egocentric and allocentric spatial orientation (Egocentric and Allocentric Spatial Memory Tasks) and visuospatial abilities, span and working memory in 59 PD patients and 51 healthy controls. Results: Visuospatial skills, visuospatial span, and egocentric and allocentric orientation are affected in PD. Visuospatial skills and allocentric orientation undergo deterioration during the first 5 years of the disease progression, while egocentric orientation and visuospatial span do so at later stages (9–11 years). The akinetic-rigid subtype presents worse results in all the spatial abilities that were measured when compared to controls, and worse scores in visuospatial working memory, visuospatial abilities and allocentric orientation when compared to the tremor-dominant group. The tremor-dominant group performed worse than controls in egocentric and allocentric orientation. Conclusion: PD patients show deficits in their visuospatial abilities and in their egocentric and allocentric spatial orientation compared to controls, specifically in akinetic-rigid PD. Only spatial orientation are affected in tremor-dominant PD patients. Allocentric orientation is affected earlier in the progression of the disease.
BOT: The building topology ontology of the W3C linked building data group
Authors: Rasmussen Mads Holten , Lefrançois Maxime , Schneider Georg Ferdinand , Pauwels Pieter
Published: October 2020

Actors in the Architecture, Engineering, Construction, Owner and Operation (AECOO) industry traditionally exchange building models as files. The Building Information Modelling (BIM) methodology advocates the seamless exchange of all information between related stakeholders using digital technologies. The ultimate evolution of the methodology, BIM Maturity Level 3, envisions interoperable, distributed, web-based, interdisciplinary information exchange among stakeholders across the life-cycle of buildings. The World Wide Web Consortium Linked Building Data Community Group (W3C LBD-CG) hypothesises that the Linked Data models and best practices can be leveraged to achieve this vision in modern web-based applications. In this paper, we introduce the Building Topology Ontology (BOT) as a core vocabulary to this approach. It provides a high-level description of the topology of buildings including storeys and spaces, the building elements they contain, and their web-friendly 3D models. We describe how existing applications produce and consume datasets combining BOT with other ontologies that describe product catalogues, sensor observations, or Internet of Things (IoT) devices effectively implementing BIM Maturity Level 3. We evaluate our approach by exporting and querying three real-life large building models.
COVID-19: a case report
Authors: Mateos Nozal Jesús , Montero Errasquín Beatriz , Cruz Jentoft Alfonso J.
Published: October 2020

COVID-19 pandemic is relentlessly spreading worldwide since it was described in Wuhan in december 2019. A high incidence in health care workers has been described in Spain. The number or articles discussing this condition is exponentially growing, but few published cases report on what physicians have faced in their daily work. It is key that health care providers learn how to convey the severity that COVID-19 can reach, in order to raise awareness on the importance of prevention.
Role of the immune response in COVID-19
Authors: Gómez de la Concha Emilio
Published: October 2020

Immune response plays a dual role in COVID-19 infection. On the one hand virus
activates innate and adaptative immune responses that most of the times achieve
antiviral control. On the other hand in a minority of patients uncontrolled inflammatory
response may lead to harmful tissue damage. Here we summarize the current state of
knowledge of the factors that contribute to disease severity and death and the rationale
of the posible therapeutic strategies.
The genes to Covid-19 suceptibility
Authors: López Farré Antonio
Published: October 2020

COVID-19 is affecting people in very different ways. Among this variability in the susceptibility to COVID-19 some infected people will remain non-symptomatically affected or if they have symptoms, these will be very slight. In other viral infections, the existence of genetic polymorphisms that modify the susceptibility to viral infection and its symptoms has been demonstrated. In the case of COVID-19, genetic polymorphisms have also been identified in different proteins related to the interaction and internament of COVID-19 in the host cell. These genetic polymorphisms identified as single nucleotide polymorphism in genes encoding proteins such as ACE1, ACE2, CD140 or TMPRS have already been associated with greater ease of the virus to infect the cell, but also for infection resistance. It is evident that, the genetic variability of the proteins related to the COVIDS-19-host cell interaction is important, however, it could be also important the existence of genetic polymorphisms located in genes related to the pathological consequences promoted by COVID-19 infection, such as genes related to the thrombo-coagulation system or the inflammatory response. In addition, the influence of other factors including life-style, physical exercise but also co-morbidities may modely genetic-mediated COVID-19 infection.
COVID-19 and pathology: What do we know?
Authors: Ramón y Cajal Agüeras Santiago
Published: October 2020

The experience of recent months in the study of the pathology associated with COVID-19 infection is showing histological alterations similar to other infections associated with previous pandemics, such as diffuse alveolar damage, signs of endotheliitis, inflammatory infiltrates and fibrin microthrombi. In the samples of patients with COVID-19, a greater number of cases with signs of endothelitis and a greater number of microthrombi stand out, both at the level of the lung parenchyma and in other locations, such as the colon, myocardium, liver …
The study of the biopsies of patients who have overcome the acute phases of COVID is showing the presence of interstitial inflammatory infiltrates at the lung level and areas of fibrosis, and various factors that may predict the greater or lesser probability of the development of fibrosis are being studied pulmonary in such patients.
Impact of non-invasive respiratory support in severe patients with COVID-19
Authors: Zamarrón Ester , Carpio Carlos , Santiago Ana , Alcolea Sergio , Figueira Juan Carlos , García-Río Francisco , Álvarez-Sala Rodolfo
Published: October 2020

Objectives: to assess the impact of non-invasive respiratory therapies in critically ill patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
Methods: retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 hospitalized patients who required non-invasive respiratory support. The impact of these treatments was evaluated in three groups of patients: pre-intensive care patients, discharged patients from critical care unit (CCU) and non-CCU admitted patients. The impact was assessed 30 days after completing respiratory therapy and was categorized as hospital discharge, transfer to a rehabilitation center, admission to the UCC and deceased.
Results: a total of 80 patients were included (average age: 65.9 ± 11.9; men = 45 [56.3%]). 29 (36.3%) patients received BIPAP, 35 (43.8%) CPAP and 27 (33.4%) high-oxygen nasal cannula. Regarding the groups for the indication of respiratory treatment, 37 (46.3%) patients corresponded to the pre-intensive care patients, 24 (30%) were discharged patients from the CCU and 19 (23.8%) to the non-CCU admitted group. In the pre-intensive care, admission to a CCU was avoided in 19 (52.8%) patients and, on the other hand, 14 (38.9%) patients finally were admitted in a CCU. In the group of discharged patients from the UCC 19 (82.6%) patients showed a favorable course of disease. Only 3 (13%) patients were admitted in a UCC or died. Finally, in the group of non-CCU admitted, 6 (31.3%) improved after the use of respiratory therapy and 13 (68.4%) were deceased.
Conclusions: respiratory therapies have a favorable impact on critically ill patients affected by COVID-19, both in patients with an indication for admission in the CCU, in those who are discharged from the CCUs and in those who do not have criteria for admission in these units.
Impact of Covid-19 in the field of oncology
Authors: Collazo-Lorduy Ana , Calvo Virginia , Provencio Mariano
Published: October 2020

The outbreak of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become the greatest threat to public health worldwide. Oncological patients have an increased risk of infection due to their oncological disease, which supresses the immune system and mielosupressive effects of antincancer treatments.
Throughout this article, the impact of COVID-19 in the oncological field will be reviewed, centering in diagnosis (susceptibility, differential diagnoses, delays in diagnosis in post-COVID era, triage systems); treatment (treatment of COVID-19 infection, surgeries, oncological treatments); impact in mortality and emotional impact.
Maintaining quality of care in patients as vulnerable as cancer patients is a huge challenge in the face of possible outbreaks or future times when we have to face living with the infection but maintaining quality standards in healthcare.
Impact of Covid-19 in adult patients with hematologycal malignancies: report of the Covid-19 registry of the madrid society of haematology (AMHH)
Authors: García-Suárez Julio , De La Cruz Javier , Diez-Martin José Luis , Martínez-López Joaquín
Published: October 2020

Background: Preliminary studies on patients with COVID-19 and haematological malignancies (HM) show a high mortality in this population. The AMHH aimed to collect data from adult patients with HM.
Objective: The primary outcome was mortality and evaluation of potential predictive parameters of mortality.
Methods: This was a multicentre registry-based study with prospective data collection admitted to 27 Italian hospitals within the Madrid region between Feb 28 and May 25, 2020, with laboratory-confirmed and symptomatic COVID-19. This case series included consecutive patients with HM aged ≥18 years. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify factors associated with mortality.
Results: Of 833 patients reported, 697 were enrolled with a median follow-up of 43 days (IQR 32-53). Median age was 72 years (IQR 60–79), 413 (60%) patients were male, and 479 (69%) and 218 (31%) had lymphoid and myeloid malignancies, respectively. Most (87%) patients were managed as inpatients. Overall, 230 (33%) of 697 patients died. When compared with the general population with COVID-19, the HM patients have 3-fold higher rates of mortality (33% vs 10%). In multivariable analyses, older age (hazard ratio 5.20, 95% CI 2.12–12.8); diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia (2.22, 1.31–3.74), recent use of cytotoxic chemotherapy (1.50, 0.99–2.29) or MoAb (2.02, 1.14–3.60), and severe or critical COVID-19 who did not receive antiviral therapy (HR 2.20, 95% CI 1.44-3.35) were associated with worse overall survival.
Conclusion: This study adds to the evidence that patients with HM have worse outcomes than the general population with COVID-19. The high mortality among HM patients with these risk factors highlights the need for aggressive infection prevention strategies, at least until effective vaccination or treatment strategies are available.
Providing health care to elderly people. Also during a pandemic crisis?
Authors: Castellano Arroyo María , Sánchez Castellano Carmen
Published: October 2020

The authors analyze the health care provided to elderly people in their own homes, nursing homes and hospitals, during the peak period of the COVID-19 pandemic. They discuss appropriate considerations and proposals aimed to a better organization of this care in the future, while maintaining the requisite scientific, legal, and ethical principles.
Towards the spanish vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Esteban Mariano , García Arriaza Juan
Published: October 2020

There is a general consensus that the only way to stop the pandemic caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is through the development of an effective and safe vaccine. Various countries have move forward to develop a vaccine, and currently a number of preclinical and clinical trials phase I/II revealed that some of the vaccines triggered activation of humoral and cellular immune responses that could be relevant in protection against the coronavirus, but it remains yet to demonstrated efficacy in the population of any of the vaccines. Our group of Poxvirus and Vaccines at the CNB-CSIC started with the development of a vaccine immediately after the full genome (30.000 nucleotides) sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 was published in January 10, 2020. In this article we describe the steps that we have follow up to develop a vaccine candidate using as a vector (vehicle) an attenuated strain of modified vaccinia virus strain (MVA) expressing the full-length S (Spike) protein of SARS-CoV-2. We have demonstrated in cultured cells and in animals (mice) that the vaccine fulfills relevant criteria to be considered a candidate against COVID-19, like expression of the entire protein at the cell membrane, formation of oligomers (trimers), high stability and ability to induce neutralizing antibodies, a type of Th1 response and induction of a wide spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells, like CD4+, CD8+, Tfh, Tregs and memory cells. We have programmed efficacy studies in animals (humanized mice and macaques) and phase I/II and III clinical trials. The GMP lot is under production by an Spanish company and a patent has been presented.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON NIOSOMES
Authors: Preeti Budhlakoti  , Kapil Kumar  , Deepak Teotia
Published: October 2020

Niosomes are a bilayered non-toxic, non-immunogenic nanoparticular delivery system; it is being used for drug delivery. Owing to its cost-effectiveness and easy manufacturing processing, niosomes are gaining popularity as a coveted drug carrier. Main constituents of a niosomes are cholesterol and a non-ionic surfactant, although several additives like charged molecule (Solulan C24) can be added to modify the surface charge of the particle and enhance its stability. There are various methods of manufacturing niosomes like hand shaking method, micro fluidization, sonication, bubble method to name a few. The fact that niosomes are amphiphillic molecules make them a versatile drug carrier as they can entrap both hydrophilic and lipophillic drugs. Applications of niosomes in the pharmaceutical industry therapeutic use, some of the most important ones being as cosmoceuticals, etc. In this review an effort has been made to document the key concepts relating to niosomes and the advances that have been made in terms of research in the field of niosomal drug delivery.

Keywords: niosomes, nanoparticles, cholesterol, carrier, non-ionic, vesicles.
The Virtues of Being Human: Faith, Hope, and Love in James Gray's The Immigrant (2013), The Lost City of Z (2016), and Ad Astra (2019)
Authors: John Adair
Published: October 2020

James Gray’s three most recent features reflect on the Christian virtues of faith, hope, and love, revealed and developed through encounters with others. The Immigrant (2013) reveals the way faith informs familial commitments, social bonds, and a life-giving response to suffering and injustice. The Lost City of Z (2016) portrays a dreamer, a man whose hopeful vision of another world animates every aspect of his being. And Gray’s most recent feature, Ad Astra (2019) traces a man’s turn toward relationship as he discovers what it means to love. In each case, as Gray’s characters display these virtues, the characters transcend their boundedness, giving us a picture of the way these virtues guide us outside of ourselves, to our neighbors, and ultimately to God.
PATTERN OF WATER SUPPLY IN RELATION TO DIFFERENT WATER SOURCES IN METROPOLITAN KANO
Authors: Suleiman Abubakar Hadiza
Published: October 2020

The study carried out on pattern of water supply in relation to different water sources in metropolitan Kano was aimed to assess the pattern of water supply in the area. Eight local government areas were found in the area but six local government areas were selected in conducting the research work. The selected local government areas included dala, Fagge, Kano Municipal, Gwale, Tarauni, Nassarawa. The research work was conducted through the following methods of data collection, (questionnaire and interview). Krecjie and morgan sampling techniques was adopted in administering the questionnaire, because it was the best sampling techniques that suited the study. The result of the findings indicated that ground water sources are now the major sources of water used in the study area, pipe borne water was generally inadequate. Dala, Kano Municipal, Fagge and Gwale were the areas mostly affected with scarcity of pipe borne water. Other sources of water for household usage included water from vendors and water supply Tankers. Some sources of water were founded inactive (that is sources of water producing less or no water due to some problems). Most people in the area depend on sachet water as their source of drinking water. Finally, in order to overcome some of the problems of water is their source of drinking water. Finally, in order to overcome some of the problems of water supply it was recommended that there should be alternative sources of power, regular maintenance, train of manpower, and effective management of water supply systems.
Las aulas multigrado en el medio rural en Andalucía. Visiones docentes
Authors: González Alba Blas , Cortés González Pablo , Leite Méndez Analia
Published: October 2020

El aula multigrado es una de las señas de identidad de las escuelas rurales, sus características y singularidades pedagógicas y organizativas la convierten en un espacio educativo y escolar particular y heterogéneo. A través de entrevistas abiertas y grupos de discusión recuperamos las voces del profesorado de educación infantil y primaria que desarrolla su práctica en centros educativos ubicados en entornos rurales. El objetivo principal de la investigación es conocer las potencialidades y debilidades de las aulas multigrados a partir de diversas experiencias docentes. Los resultados revelan las potencialidades contextuales, pedagógicas y didácticas inherentes al aula multigrado, mostrando una escuela rural inclusiva, cooperativa y abierta a las nuevas tecnologías y a las metodologías didácticas, pero también nos acercan a conocer las debilidades de la escuela rural, relacionadas principalmente con la dotación de recursos humanos y materiales y la formación inicial y continua del profesorado, revelándose como una escuela poco conocida por los docentes noveles, por los estudiantes de magisterio y por el profesorado universitario.
Redes de líderes educativos. Herramientas para la colaboración
Authors: Achach Sonda Leydi Gabriela
Published: October 2020

Redes de líderes educativos. Herramientas para la colaboración fue elaborado por el Centro de Desarrollo del Liderazgo Educativo (CEDLE), institución ubicada en Chile que trabaja en conjunto con el Ministerio de Educación de dicho país. Este centro se dedica principalmente a generar y difundir conocimiento para el desarrollo profesional de actores educativos, como docentes, directores y administradores, y así alcanzar la mejora de la calidad educativa. Entre sus acciones más destacadas se encuentra el fortalecimiento de las habilidades docentes a través de la transferencia de prácticas exitosas en cuestión de liderazgo, abordadas dentro de redes de aprendizaje. Uno de sus alcances es la proporción de recursos educativos y materiales al Ministerio de Educación de Chile para incrementar y mejorar las políticas sobre el liderazgo escolar del país.
PENGARUH SWEDISH MASSAGE TERHADAP PENURUNAN NYERI KEPALA KARENA MIGRAIN PADA LANSIA
Authors: Djoar Raditya Kurniawan , Anggarani Anastasia Putu Martha
Published: October 2020

Nyeri kepala adalah rasa nyeri atau rasa tidak mengenakkan di seluruh daerah kepala dengan batas bawah dari dagu sampai ke belakang kepala. Pada lansia prevalensi nyeri kepala sebesar 3,7-5,8% (Davis, 2006). Kejadian nyeri kepala ini telah menjadi pusat perhatian peneliti karena merupakan jenis gejala yang paling banyak dijumpai yang berakibat menjadi keterbatasan dalam melakukan pekerjaan sehari-hari. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh swedish massage terhadap penurunan nilai nyeri kepala karena migraine pada lansia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan pendekatan quasi eksperimental, dengan desain penelitian pre and post test two groups design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah lansia sebanayak 56 dimana sample diambil dengan cara purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah VAS untuk mengevaluasi nyeri yang dirasakan lansia. Data dianalisis menggunakan program SPSS dengan menggunakan uji komparatif tidak berpasangan untuk data numerik (uji t tidak berpasangan/Mann whitney).Hasil uji statistic menunjukkan nilai signifikan 0.000 yang berarti ada pengaruh Swedish massage terhadap penurunan nilai nyeri migraine pada lansia. Tindakan massage memberikan efek pada system syaraf parasimpatis yang memungkin terjadinya relaksasi. Kondisi relaksasi memungkinkan sirkulasi darah menjadi lancar dalam pengiriman oksigen dan produk metabolisme yang ke system syaraf pusat. Gerakan efflurage pada Swedish massage memberikan pengaruh pada peningkatan aliran darah vena yang dapat menurunkan tekanan vena dan meningkatkan sirkulasi arteri. Gerakan kneading memberikan bantuan dalm aliran balik vena, sednagkan tindakan kompresi dapat meningkat sirkulasi pembuluh darah local dan tepi. Kondisi inilah yang memungkinkan terjadinya penurunan nyeri kepala atau migraine pada lansia.

Kata Kunci : Massage, nyeri kepala, lansia
Cicero among the Martyrs: A Reassessment of the First Edition of Nicholas Grimald’s Thre bokes of duties (1556)
Authors: Schmidt Gabriela
Published: October 2020

Nicholas Grimald’s translation of Cicero’s De officiis has long been revered as the standard version of one of the most popular Tudor school texts, as well as one of the first contributions towards a theory of translation in English. This article reassesses the work’s cultural and political impact through a close examination of its paratexts within the immediate publishing context at the office of Richard Tottel in 1556. It argues that Tottel’s material presentation of the book in a larger publishing program subtly re-encodes the work’s political, ideological, and religious message for his Marian readership. Tottel’s strategy in publishing Grimald’s Duties at this juncture was both to reclaim Cicero’s authority for the Marian program of Catholic restoration and to invest this program with the humanist credentials of influential early Tudor educational reformers.
Tails of Cross-Channel Comets: From Acclaim to Obscurity
Authors: Demers Patricia
Published: October 2020

This article explores the diverse materialities of texts created by three female luminaries that expand our understanding of translation and transformation in early modern Europe. Lady Anne Cooke Bacon’s translation of Bishop Jewel’s Apologia was praised as the official text of the Elizabethan Settlement and printed without change for the edification of both English readers and Continental sceptics. Yet despite its centrality in the vitriolic controversy between Jewel and Louvain Romanist Thomas Harding, within a generation Bacon’s name disappeared. Bilingual calligrapher and miniaturist Esther Inglis prepared and presented stunning manuscript gift books, often including self-portraits, to patrons on both sides of the Channel. Her artisanal expertise emulated and often outdid the typographic variety of the printed text. Scholarly and lionized participant in the Neo-Latin Republic of Letters, Anna Maria van Schurman, whose landmark Dissertatio was translated as The Learned Maid, scandalized her conservative Calvinist supporters by embracing Labadism and praising its simple ways in her autobiography Eukleria. These three early modern women, distinct in temperament, time, and social status, are the subject of this exploration, which seeks to understand the dynamics and fluctuations of cross-Channel transmission and the role played by the Channel divide or bridge in creating a brief notoriety soon to be followed by obscurity.
Yritys irrottautua köyhyydestä karjankasvatusprojektin avulla
Authors: Crombie Majorie
Published: October 2020

ICAE:n IV maailmankokouksen osanottajat osallistuivat kukin isäntämaansa Thaimaan järjestämiin solidaarisuusvierailuihin (solidarity visits), joissa voitiin konkreettisesti tutustua thaimaalaisen aikuiskasvatuksen arkipäivään niiden epäkohtien ja ongelmien keskellä, joissa Thaimaan yhteiskunta elää. Suomalaiset kokousedustajat osallistuivat Koillis-Thaimaaseen suuntautuneeseen kahden päivän retkeen, jota Majorie Crombien matkareportaasi käsittelee.
Lukutaito ja kestävä kehitys
Authors: Ariyaratne A. T.
Published: October 2020

Kirjoittajan aiheena on kestävän kehityksen käsite ja lukutaito köyhän kehitysmaan näkökulmasta. Uudenlaista lukutaito- ja kehitysstrategiaa edustavan Sarvodaya-liikkeen presidentti tuo traditionaalisen ja funktionaalisen lukutaitokäsitteen rinnalle uuden, enlightenment literacyn, jonka kirjoittaja katsoo sopivan verrattomasti paremmin sorrettujen ja syrjittyjen kansankerrosten pyrkimyksiin parantaa asemaansa.
Sapattivapaalle
Authors: Kinnunen Kari
Published: October 2020

Viime kuukausien aikana aikuiskoulutuksen kehittämisessä on vihdoinkin siirrytty vuosikausia kestäneiden suunnitelmien parista käytännön toimiin. Aikuiskoulutuksen opintososiaalisen tuen edistyminen on nyt kiistaton tosiasia. Samanaikaisesti kun opetusministeriö on aktivoitunut aikuiskoulutuksen opintososiaalisen tuen uudistamiseen jätti tammikuussa sosiaali- ja terveysministeriön asettama sapattivapaatoimikunta mietintönsä.
Ammatillinen aikuiskoulutus ja aikuiskouluttajakoulutus
Authors: Helakorpi Seppo
Published: October 2020

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan ammatillisen aikuiskoulutuksen haasteita. Uusi tekniikka ja uudet työn organisointimuodot muuttavat työtä ja ammatteja. Ne asettavat suuria vaatimuksia myös ammatilliselle aikuiskouluttajakoulutukselle. Artikkelissa kuvatun kahden Ammattillisessa opettajakorkeakoulussa Hämeenlinnassa suoritettavan aikuiskoulutuskokeilun avulla pyritään ongelmia kartoittamaan ja ratkaisemaan.
Työpaikkakoulutustoimikunnan mietinnön herättämiä ajatuksia oppisopimuskoulutuksesta
Authors: Taanila Matti
Published: October 2020

Työpaikkakoulutustoimikunnan mietinnön herättämiä ajatuksia: Mahdollinen oppisopimusjärjestelmästä luopuminen puhututtaa. Seuraavassa asiaan ottavat kantaa Ammattienedistämislaitoksen rehtori Matti Taanila ja SAK:n työvoima- ja koulutuspoliittinen sihteeri Jari-Pekka Jyrkänne.
Behavioristisesta oppimiskäsityksestä reflektiiviseen
Authors: Rauste-von Wright Maijaliisa
Published: October 2020

Vaikka kansainvälisen tiedeyhteisön piirissä on siirrytty käsittelemään oppimis/opetusprosessia vuorovaikutuksena, vallitsee meillä koulutustutkimuksen alueella elinvoimaisena behavioristisen ihmiskuvan piilovaikutus ja perinne. Niinpä oppimis/opetusprosessin problematisointiin ei ole liiemmälti tunnettu tarvetta. Tehokkaan oppimisen edellytyksenä on kuitenkin, että oppijalla on oppimaan oppimisen valmiuksia ja ns. itsereflektiivisiä taitoja. Niillä tarkoitetaan yksilön valmiuksia ymmärtää omaa toimintaansa sekä ohjata ja korjata sitä.
Aikuisopetuksen resurssien vertailua Pohjoismaissa
Authors: Engelhardt Johan
Published: October 2020

Tässä kirjoituksessa on pyritty tekemään yhteenvetoa tilastotiedoista, jotka koskevat eri Pohjoismaiden julkisten varojen käyttöä aikuiskoulutukseen. On syytä painottaa, että eri maiden aikuiskoulutusta koskevia tilastotietoja on vaikeaa vertailla. Seuraavaan numeroaineistoon onkin syytä suhtauduttava tietyin varauksin. Ja epäilemättä voidaan esittää kritiikkiä niitä vertailevia kuvauksia vastaan, joita on otettu mukaan tähän kirjoitukseen huolimatta edellä mainituista epävarmuustekijöistä. Samalla on annettu lähteitä ja viittauksia tilastoaineistoon niin, että kriittisellä lukijalla on itsellään mahdollisuus arvioida, tuntuvatko vertailevat kuvaukset sopivilta.
Tilastomateriaalin antamaa kuvaa vuodelta 88/89 on täydennetty numerotiedoilla, jotka valaisevat kehitystä vuosikymmenellä eteenpäin vuoteen 1989. Siten saadaan ehkä näkyviin joitakin kehityslinjoja, jotka voidaan ottaa huomioon pohdittaessa resurssien jakoa aikuiskoulutuksessa.
Ajankohtaista
Authors: Toimituskunta
Published: October 2020

Opetushallitus aloitti – aikuiskoulutusasiat omalla linjalla ; ICAE:lle uusi pääsihteeri ; Nordens Folkliga Akademi muutti Göteborgiin ; Seppo Niemelä Maaseudun Sivistysliittoon ; Dialog on yhteispohjoismainen lehtikuopus ; Opintokeskusten määrää supistetaan rajusti Norjassa ; Säästötoimia vapaassa sivistystyössä
Sivistys ja suoritus
Authors: Niemelä Seppo
Published: October 2020

Artikkelissa pohditaan sivistyksen juuria ja tilaa vapaassa sivistystyössä ja kasvatustieteessä. Kirjoittaja näkee painopisteen olleen jo kauan hallitsemistiedossa, joka kohdistuu ulkoisen luonnon, yhteiskunnan tai muun todellisuuden hallintaan, kun sivistystiedon tehtävä on toisaalla, ihmisen sisäisessä kehittämisessä. Suomelle ei ole hyötyä koulutuksesta, joka ei kehitä suomalaisen kulttuurin ymmärtämistä, sen arvostamista ja eettistä valmiutta tehdä työtä Suomen puolesta, kirjoittaja toteaa.
Aikuiskoulutukseen osallistuminen kasautuu entistä enemmän hyväosaisille
Authors: Katajisto Jukka
Published: October 2020

Artikkelissa selvitellään niitä trendejä ja muutoksia, joita suomalaisten aikuiskasvatukseen hakeutumisessa on tapahtunut viimeisen kahden vuosikymmenen aikana. Samalla kerrotaan kursoorisesti, mitä keskeisiä muutoksia eri aikuiskasvatusväylissä on samana aikana tapahtunut. Selvitys perustuu pääosin Tilastokeskuksen ja Opetusministeriön tuoreeseen aikuiskoulutustutkimukseen 1990. Aikuiskasvatuksen kasvu, joka kohdistuu kaikkiin aikuiskasvatusmuotoihin, on ollut erityisen voimakasta ammatillisella puolella. Samalla kasautuminen hyväosaisiin on selvä trendi. Kirjoittaja pitää mahdollisena, että tulevaisuudessa yhteisöllisyys, eettiset elämänarvot ja elämänhallinta nousevat nykyistä selkeämmin esiin myös ammatillisessa aikuiskoulutuksessa.
Kokeileminen, muuttuminen, tulkitseminen
Authors: Korhonen Liisa
Published: October 2020

Ei tullut takkia, tuli viitta. Näin tulkitsen loppusuoralla olevaa Kansan Sivistystyön Liiton ja Työväen Sivistysliiton kokeiluprojektia Aikuinen ja työ (ks. Ulla Puro, Aikuiskasvatus 4/90). Viitta saattaa olla parempi: se hulmuaa vapaasti, sen helma pyyhkii mennessään jotain pölyä sivistystyöstä. Tässä viittoja matkalle:
A construção social da identidade do pedagogo: relatos de educadores
Authors: Sippe Fáguida Eller , Batista Eraldo Carlos
Published: October 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender como os pedagogos constroem sentidos sobre sua identidade social orientada pelo Construcionismo Social (GERGEN; GERGEN, 2010). Participaram da pesquisa sete pedagogos de duas escolas da rede municipal de ensino de um município da Zona da Mata do Estado de Rondônia. Mediante uma pesquisa qualitativa, as informações foram coletadas por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisadas de acordo com a técnica de análise do discurso, sob as orientações da psicologia discursiva. Foram identificados os seguintes repertórios interpretativos: a) a concepção do ser pedagogo; b) os fatores contribuintes na formação da identidade social do pedagogo; c) a identidade profissional percebida no meio social; d) a participação de pais e alunos na construção social da identidade do educador; e e) a desvalorização social versus valorização pessoal. Conclui-se que, embora haja discursos valorativos acerca do pedagogo, ainda permeia na sociedade um discurso carregado de conotação negativa, o que influencia a construção social da identidade desse profissional. 
Palavras-chave: Identidade social; Pedagogo; Discurso.
Setting Health-Care Priorities: A Reply to Tännsjö
Authors: Goodin Robert E.
Published: October 2020

This paper firstly distinguishes between principles of “global justice” that apply the same anywhere and everywhere – Tännsjö’s utilitarianism, egalitarianism, prioritarianism and such like – and principles of “local justice” that apply within the specific sphere of health-care. Sometimes the latter might just be a special case of the former – but not always. Secondly, it discusses reasons, many psychological in nature, why physicians might devote excessive resources to prolonging life pointlessly, showing once again that those reasons might themselves be morally significant.
INFLUENCE OF COLLABORATIVE STRATEGIC READING (CSR) IN TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Saori Sopian
Published: October 2020

This study is aimed to find out whether there is a significant difference in reading achievement between the students who are taught by using CSR and that of the students who are taught by using another technique. This study used quasi experimental design. This research was conducted from January 13 to February 17, 2014. The participants of this study were the second year students of State Islamic Junior High School of Yogyakarta II. There were two intact classes taken as the subject of this study. Each class consisted of 32 students performing as experimental group and 32 students as a control group. The pretest and posttest were used as the instrument to collect the data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The research findings showed that after students were taught by using collaborative strategic reading, the students’ mean score of the experimental group was higher (68.12) than that of the mean score of the control group (60.75) with mean difference 7.22. The F value (12.74) was higher than the F table (4.00) with 5 % level in the degree of freedom was 60 and the p value (.001) was lower than (.05).
THE MEANING OF THE ENGLISH VARIETY SPOKEN BY THE BALINESE VENDORS IN KUTA BEACH, BALI
Authors: Setianingsih Tri
Published: October 2020

This study is concerned with the meaning of the English variety spoken by the Balinese vendors in Kuta beach, Bali which is located south of Denpasar City and become a tourism icon. As a part of tourism industry, Kuta beach is often visited by tourists from all over the world. There is a variety phenomenon in speaking English that may influence misinterpretation even though misunderstanding in face to face communication among the vendors and the tourists. This study aims to describe how is the semantic meaning which refers to the meaning in the dictionary and pragmatic meanings of the English variety of the Balinese vendors in Kuta beach, Bali. The result of this study is expected to be able to give new information to the readers about the meaning of the English variety spoken by the vendors in Kuta beach, Bali as a part of Sociolinguistics study. As descriptive study, the data findings in this study are described in form of words, phrases, and sentences. The data were collected by using two methods, participant observation and interview. Participant observation was mainly used to get the significant data from the subjects of the study. Audio and note taking techniques were used to collect the data during the participant observation. The result of the present study shows the meaning and characteristic English of Balinese vendors in Kuta beach, Bali is different from the meaning of the English used by the tourists (native speaker). Some English phrases which they use sound uncommon and sometimes they are ambiguous when they are used within a sentence.
THE AMBIGUITY OF ENGLISH ADVERTISEMENT
Authors: Cahyani Dian Anik , Islam Aang Fatikhul
Published: October 2020

This is a qualitative research on applied linguistic which is conducted to find applied semantic theory about ambiguity, a condition where an utterance has two or more interpretations. The writers uses Kreidler’s theory which classifies ambiguities into three kinds; lexical, referential, and syntactic which is devided into two types; surface structure and deep structure. The discussion includes kinds of ambiguity that are found and their interpretations. The data sources is English advertisement and the data is English advertisement utterances in banners, posters, and billboards. The writers collects the datas by taking in a picture, sellecting, and presenting. The next is analysis and conclusion. There are 33 datas that are found, they are twelve banners, eleven posters, and ten billboards. From banners, there are three lexical, no referential, six surface structure, and three deep structure ambiguities. From posters, there is no lexical, one referential, four surface structure, and six deep structure ambiguities. From billboards, there are two lexical, two referential, four surface structure, and two deep structure ambiguities. Generally, the ambiguities are dominated by surface and deep structure ambiguity.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Melalui Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Ngroup To Group Exchange (NTGE) pada Mata Pelajaran Fikih bagi Siswa MTs. Al-Ikhlas Mentigi
Authors: Haulid Haulid
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine the increase in learning outcomes through cooperative learning type Ngroup To Group Exchange (NTGE) in the Fiqih subject for students class VII MTs. Al-Ikhlas Mentigi. This research uses Classroom Action Research with the subjects of students class VII MTs. Al-ikhlas Mentigi with a total of 20 people. The research instrument used learning outcomes tests to obtain quantitative data and observation sheets to obtain qualitative data. The collected data were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the increase in student learning outcomes with the results of the initial reflection before the implementation of the action with an average in the first cycle can be said to be insufficient or still lacking, namely 68.62 then increased in the second cycle by 80.03. So it can be concluded that; (1) The application of the Ngroup To Group Exchange (NTGE) type of learning model is one of the best choices in motivating students' interest. (2) The application of the NTGE type learning model makes learning directed and innovative. (3) The application of the NTGE type learning model can improve student learning outcomes so that it shows changes in student attitudes to be more caring and creative about the learning atmosphere.
Families in the Household Registers of Seventeenth-Century Korea:
Capital, Urban and Rural Areas
Authors: Lee Donggue , Han Sangwoo
Published: October 2020

Because of the Japanese (1592–1598), and Manchu (1627, 1636–1637), invasions, the seventeenth century was a turning point in the Neo-Confucian transformation of Chosŏn dynasty. Changes and continuities in Korean society and families can be seen in household registers published in the seventeenth century. Occupational records and family structures from the top to the bottom of society show that social hierarchies and governmental systems were well preserved even after the invasions. This study also highlights the value of household registers as a primary
historical source for the study of Korean social and family history.
From feeding habits to food webs: exploring the diet of an opportunistic benthic generalist
Authors: van der Reis AL , Jeffs AG , Lavery SD
Published: October 2020

Deep-sea benthic ecosystems are difficult to study, particularly when trying to clarify diet and trophic relationships. New Zealand scampiMetanephrops challengeriare endemic, commercially prized deep-sea lobsters that are bottom trawled. These lobsters are typically the dominant mobile megafaunal species in the deep-sea benthic habitat, and their burrowing behaviour plays an important role in bioturbation of seafloor habitats. DNA metabarcoding was undertaken on the gut contents of 66 scampi from 4 fishery management areas using COI and 18S rRNA markers to better understand their feeding habits and trophic role. Scampi were confirmed to be opportunistic benthic scavengers, with the gut samples containing over 150 species, ranging from small (e.g. alveolates) to large eukaryotes (e.g. fish). The main dietary components consisted of crabs and prawns, but also included macroalgae and fish. Significant differences were found among scampi gut contents when comparing season and geographic region, but not when comparing sex and size. Due to their generalist scavenging nature, scampi play an important role in the deep-sea benthic ecosystems and are natural benthic samplers that are well suited to being used as deep-sea ecosystem/biodiversity monitors.
Spatiotemporal segregation of ocean sunfish species (Molidae) in the eastern North Pacific
Authors: Arostegui MC , Braun CD , Woodworth-Jefcoats PA , Kobayashi DR , Gaube P
Published: October 2020

Ocean sunfishes or molas (Molidae) are difficult to study as a result of their extensive movements and low densities in remote waters. In particular, little is known of the environmental niche separation and differences in the reproductive or movement ecology of molids in sympatry. We investigated spatiotemporal dynamics in the distribution of the common mola Mola mola, sharptail mola Masturus lanceolatus, and slender mola Ranzania laevis in the eastern North Pacific. We used observer data from a commercial fishery consisting of 85000+ longline sets spanning 24 yr, >50° in longitude, and >45° in latitude. Satellite altimetry analysis, species distribution modeling, and multivariate ordination revealed thermal niche separation, spatiotemporal segregation, and distinct community associations of the 3 molid species. Our quantitative findings suggest that the common mola is a more temperate species, while slender and sharptail mola are more (sub)tropical species, and that slender (and possibly also sharptail) mola undergo spawning migrations to the region around the Hawaiian Islands. In addition, we identified potential effects of fishing gear type on molid catch probability, an increasing trend in catch probability of a vulnerable species perhaps related to a shift in the distribution of fishing effort, and the possible presence in the fishery of a fourth molid species being misidentified as a congener, all of which are important conservation considerations for these enigmatic fishes.
Motives of loneliness in poetry by Todos Osmachka: existential and dialogical interpretation
Authors: Tokman Hanna
Published: October 2020

The paper deals with the works by the Ukrainian poet Todos Osmachka (1895—1962). Attention is focused on the motive of loneliness in the poems from the collection “The Tassels of Time” (1953). Taking into account the memories of the poet’s contemporaries, the researcher analyzes the texts and interprets their existential meanings. The poems contain both individual facts of human life and philosophical generalizations. The loneliness of T. Osmachka’s lyrical character is caused by historical events, emigration, the absence of friends and his beloved one. The hero is an artist, so he needs a reader who can understand and feel his work. The poet expresses feelings of an emigrant writer who left his unhappy occupied country. The poems depict the author’s life among people who are strangers for him in terms of spirit. The poet needs loneliness for his creative work, and it is high loneliness of spirit.

Osmachka’s philosophical statements make sense of the human solitude as a feature of unique individual existence. The researcher cites the works of philosophers M. Heidegger, J. Ortega y Gasset, G. Marcel, which help to interpret T. Osmachka’s texts. M. Heidegger’s ideas of being-toward-death, Dasein, human self, essential loneliness, and others were used as parallels to the poetic texts. The researcher refers to the theses of Ortega y Gasset’s philosophy concerning loneliness as the initial state of a man and attempts to find the Other, friendship, and love. The article also uses the theory by Marcel on the phenomenology and metaphysics of hope.

The dialogue between poetry and existential philosophy reveals the meanings of poetic images and specifics of creative work. The analysis allowed the researcher to define some distinctive style features of T. Osmachka’s philosophical poems and indicate some samples of expressionistic and surrealistic poetics in his works.
Crisis is a Gateway to Censored Information: The Case of Coronavirus in China
Authors: Steinert-Threlkeld Zachary , Hobbs William , Chang Keng-chi , Roberts Margaret
Published: October 2020

Crisis and anxiety motivate people to track news closely. We examine the consequences of this increased motivation in authoritarian regimes that normally exert significant control over access to media. Using the case of the COVID-19 outbreak in China, we show that crisis spurs censorship circumvention to access international news and political content on websites blocked in China. Once individuals have circumvented censorship, they not only receive more information about the crisis itself, but the crisis becomes a gateway to unrelated information that the regime has long censored. Through this mechanism, crisis both increases attention to information relevant to individuals’ cur- rent circumstances and incidentally increases access to information that the regime considers sensitive.
GLOBALISATION AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: A REFLECTION ON THE EFFECTS OF CORONA VIRUS (COVID 19)
Authors: Matthew Mare , Chingono Fortunate , Mangezi Simbarashe , Mbazangi Spencer
Published: October 2020

This study is informed by the threat posed by the novel Corona Virus to international relations. The Coronavirus has a lot of hidden dimensions and implications, conspiracy theories, disaster profiteering, threats of retreating and pulling off from treaties and conventions entered into by member states, rise of African consciousness, scramble of Africa and economic implications, amongst others. In terms of predictions, this study chiefly is of the view that, the escalating conspiracy theories over Coronavirus by China and USA have higher chances of triggering WW111. Corona virus has seen hidden variables and chief among them is threat to global peace in an attempt by China to alter the world order. States are investing in conventional warfare negating unforeseen threats to national security like health pandemics, natural disasters, corruption, and smuggling amongst others.
A Rare Cause of Thrombocytopenia: Pseudothrombocytopenia
Authors: Akbayram Hatice Tuba , Pekpak Esra
Published: October 2020

Pseudothrombocytopenia is caused by in vitro platelet clumping in anticoagulated blood. Electronic blood count shows a low platelet count in subjects with normal platelet levels. The situation may be mistaken with true thrombocytopenia and may lead to incorrect diagnosis and treatment. Microscopic examination of the peripheral blood smear is of key importance to confirm the diagnosis. The aim of this case report was to draw attention to pseudotyhrombocytopenia, which is one of the possible causes of thrombocytopenia.

Keywords: thrombocytes, thrombocytopenia, blood platelet disorders