bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automatic analysis of prosodic structure statements of various styles
Authors: Martin Philippe
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study is to characterize automatically the boundary tones in French, from the point of view of their categories, their acoustic realizations and their distribution according to a prosodic grammar. If the automatic labelling proves pertinent, the proposed method would lead to an automatic process to determine the prosodic structure of speech recordings. From the C-PROM corpus, four spontaneous recordings with various styles (oral reading, university lecture, narration, political discourse) were automatically analyzed based on 1) the identification of prominent syllables (from the information already encoded in the corpus transcription), and 2) on the melodic contours glissando values relatives to prominent syllables. From na existing definition of prosodic contours in French, C0, C1, C2 and Cn, the validity of a prosodic gramar has been established, as reflected by the results shown in Table 1, as only one occurrence (*C2C0) not predicted by the grammar has been observed.
Prosodic graphic processing of sentences ambiguas in the quiet reading of bilingual deaf
Authors: Magalhães José Olímpio de , Carvalho Francisca Maria , Lourenço Guilherme , Silva Giselli Mara da
Published: March 2021

We start from the proposal of Fodor (2002) that both syntactic structures as the prosodic are computed during silent reading. We examined the effect of prosodic marking graphical processing of silent reading of temporary ambiguous sentences as: When dogs attacked / a girl (,) / tore her dress / yellow, considering the integration syntax-prosody. We compare the silent reading time of the third fragment of temporary subordinate ambiguous sentences in written texts of the Portuguese language for deaf bilingual Libras/Portuguese. We assume that deaf people spend more time reading than listeners, but there would also be a difference as one disambiguator comma were or not present in the sentence. The experiment made up an online test of 108 subordinate temporary ambiguous sentences, in 6 conditions, through DMDX program. 18 deaf bilingual Libras/Portuguese and 18 listeners participated. There was no significant difference in the reading time of the third fragment of temporary subordinate ambiguous sentences between deaf and listeners; also, there was no significant difference with the use of the comma. There were differences between the means Late Closure (LC) and Early Closure (EC); Semantic Control (SC) and Early Closure (EC). There was no significant difference between the types of Late Closure (LC) and Semantic Coutrol (SC) sentence.
Editorial
Authors: Lucente Luciana
Published: March 2021

It is with great satisfaction that the Journal of Speech Science publishes the first volume of its fifth edition. This special edition features works presented at the 5th Brazilian Colloquium on Prosody of Speech, held in Brasília, in October 2015. The Brazilian Colloquium on Prosody of Speech, like the JoSS, are uniciatives of LBASS - Luso-Brazilian Society of Sciences of Fala, an association that has been working since 2008 to support and promote events in the area of prosody.
Intelligibility and acceptability of time-compressed utterances: an experimental study with blind and sighted listeners
Authors: Oliveira Junior Miguel , Almeida Ayane Nazarela Santos de , Almeida René Alain Santana de , Musiliyu Oyedeji
Published: March 2021

This paper reports an experimental study on the impact of time-compressed speech on acceptability and intelligibility of utterances in Brazilian Portuguese. For the experiments, short audio sentences containing warning messages were used as stimuli. These sentences were recorded in a natural speech rate and then digitally manipulated to faster rates in a scalar fashion (from 9 to 19 syllables per second). Intelligibility and acceptability tests were then conducted with blind and sighted subjects. The results indicate that time-compressed speech has a significant impact on both acceptability and intelligibility of utterances for both groups of participants and that while blind subjects tended to give slightly higher acceptability rates across all speech rate conditions, sighted subjects performed better in the intelligibility experiment, what contradicts a trend that is often reported in the literature
Editorial
Authors: Barbosa Plínio A. , Lucente Luciana
Published: March 2021

It is a great joy for the entire team of the Journal of Speech Sciences (JoSS) to be able to offer the scientific community the first issue in honor of a researcher in our field. Let this number be dedicated to the eminent phoneticist Prof. João A. de Moraes has the moment of additional pleasure motivated not only by his brilliant career, but also by four important aspects that immediately emphasize those who live with Prof. Moraes: his erudition, his renowned scientific competence, his generosity and his kindness. It is very rare that, in the academic-scientific field, we find these qualities combined in a single person, but, in him, they are in harmony even with a well-marked Rio accent.
command intonation in Brazilian Portuguese: a dialectal description from ALiB corpus
Authors: Silva Carolina Gomes da , Miranda Luma da Silva , Carnaval Manuella , Cunha Claudia de Souza
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we described the command intonational contours in the twenty-five Brazilian capitals included in the corpus “Linguistic Atlas of Brazil” (ALiB). This work aims at: (i) describing the intonational contour of twenty-five capitals from the corpus ALiB; (ii) comparing the intonation of the directive speech acts in the five Brazilian regions and (iii) proposing a phonological representation of the variation of this contour. Our corpus is composed of fifty imperative utterances produced by male and female speakers of the analyzed capitals. We observed that there is a predominance of a rising F0 movement in the prenucleus of the command contours with the phonological notation L*+H or L+H* in the twentyfive Brazilian capitals. In the nuclear position, the pitch accent can be defined for the majority of the capitals as H+L*L%, a falling F0 movement, with the variant H*L% for the capital Belém (PA). The capital that presented a different F0 movement in the nucleus was Florianópolis (SC) that showed the predominance of a rising-falling F0 movement represented as L+H*L%.
Prosody-syntax interface and prosodic phrasing in brazilian portuguese
Authors: Serra Carolina
Published: March 2021

This paper focuses on the Brazilian Portuguese (PB) prosodic phrasing and has two main goals: (1) to find a correlation between the prosodic constituents boundaries, as described by the Prosodic Hierarchy Theory (Nespor & Vogel, 2007 [1986], a.o.) and the perception and production of spontaneous and reading speech breaks, and (2) to describe the phonological characteristics and the syntactic ranking of perceived and non perceived edges. The corpus under analysis includes 5 extracts both of spontaneous and reading speech lasting about 2 minutes each. The reading speech (LE) emerged from the spontaneous speech (FE) orthographic transcription which was collected from an interview in an informal environment. In the perception test, 11 referees heard the 10 speaking extracts, without punctuation, and marked the perceived breaks in the orthographic transcription of each of them. Both the 5 speakers and the 11 referees were students at UFRJ, born in Rio de Janeiro, and were between 22 and 38 years old.The results point out that the prosodic breaks are mainly perceived at the intonational phrase (I) boundary, regardless of the speech style (FE: 91%; LE 99%). However, in LE, 64% of the foreseen I boundaries, described by the Prosodic Hierarchy Theory, were perceived as breaks, but in FE, just 37% were perceived. The most usual nuclear contour in both styles is H+L* L% (this being the Portuguese neutral declarative contour), but its occurrence frequency at perceived breaks draws a distinction between LE and FE (67% and 30%, respectively). In FE, contours like L+H* H% and L*+H H% are also produced (34%). In general, descendant nuclei in LE are predominant, as well as the edge tone L; in FE, both the descendant and ascendant nuclei distribution and low or high boundaries are similar. After running a statistic test, the appearance of an L edge, as a predictive for perception, was globally significant. Concerning the syntactic boundary, it was statistically checked and the result points out that breaks are mainly perceived at the matrix phrase limit (LE: 59%; FE: 61%,), showing the endurance of the matrix phrase edge/I boundary mapping. In general, FE has proved to have a bigger variation on the relation of predicted, perceived and produced, as it was expected, which was also confirmed by statistics. Therefore, the results show that the foreseen I phrasing is fairly robust in both styles, once only 13% of the predicted I boundaries have not been produced as so, regarding intonation. Besides, just 1,4% of the predicted phonological phrase (f) boundaries (and produced as Is) were perceived as breaks by the referees. With this study one may conclude that LE and FE share the same prosodic grammar, performed by the same type of phonological/syntactic cues; nevertheless, these are more consistent in LE and have a more disperse way in FE, adding to a greater difficulty at the systematic perception of prosodic boundaries in FE than in LE.
Psycholinguistics is definitely tied up to prosody
Authors: Lourenço-Gomes Maria do Carmo
Published: March 2021

For almost two decades, phonologists, phoneticians and psycholinguists have devoted attention to the value of prosodic information during silent reading. Until then information on the influence of syntactic and semantic aspects in silent reading was the focus of attention in Psycholinguistics. Despite the joint efforts of researchers, there are many issues to be explored regarding two main domains. The first relates to individual prosodic parameters to languages that can have influence on the processing of sentences. The second refers to how the parser uses the prosodic information present in written stimulus on the understanding of silently reading. In both situations, it will be necessary to focus on methodological aspects in addition to theoretical ones. If on the one hand we already have strong evidence about the influence of prosody in silent reading, on the other hand it cannot be denied that measuring the prosody mentally organized by the reader during reading process is not an easy task. Thus, this article intends to emphasize the complexity concerning the theme and at the same time the needs for further investigation in each language alone. It presents some insights from the early researches in Portuguese language and offers some suggestions for future investigation.
Prosody and morphology
Authors: Gonçalves Carlos Alexandre
Published: March 2021

This text describes the lower units of the prosodic hierarchy (syllables, moraes and feet) to illustrate how these constituents are used by a branch of Morphology called Prosodic Morphology (McCarthy & Prince, 1986 et seq.). It seeks to present the theoretical principles of this type of approach, as well as the advantages of incorporating aspects of the prosodic structure into the morphological description. This paper focuses mainly on a variety of ways in which morphological systems can use this type of phonological structure and it shows the relevance of syllables, moraes and feet in the description of inflexion and word formation processes in natural languages. Finally, it shows that some Portuguese phenomena, such as clipping ('biju' for „bijuteria‟, “imitation jewelry”; „refri‟ for „refrigerante, “soft drink”) and reduplication ('chororô', “excessive crying”) can be satisfactorily described by this model. The idea of the paper is to show that the prosodymorphology "partnership" worked well, managing to solve a series of problems that had hitherto been unanswered or badly solved in morphological literature.
On pre-stressed high vowels raising process in brazilian portuguese
Authors: Callou Dinah , Machado Luana
Published: March 2021

This paper discusses the hypothesis that the outputs of derived pre-stressed high vowels [i] and [u], in Brazilian Portuguese, are acoustically different from the outputs of the non-derived high vowels, although both are perceptually equivalent. The sample totalizes 1152 tokens extracted from a controlled corpus, recorded at the Phonetic Laboratory of Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UFRJ), with eight university graduate students, four men and four women, from Rio de Janeiro, using acoustic measurements (PRAAT) and multivariational analysis (GOLDVARB X) in order to detect the conditioning factors related to the first and second formant values. The results reveal differences between underlying and derived vowels.
Describing, listening and teaching questions and orders´ intonation in mexican, caribbean and castilian spanish to brazilian learners
Authors: Pinto Maristela da Silva , Couto Leticia Rebollo
Published: March 2021

The study intends to present results obtained from a methodology of intonation teaching, based on metacognition assumptions (Flavell, 1976; Gombert, 1992; Ribeiro, 2003). The methodology has five stages labelled as: 1 - learner's awareness of the transfering their mother tongue (LM) into the target foreign language (LEA); 2 - description of the intonational contour of total and partial interrogative utterances; 3-perception; 4-mimetic repetition; 5 - oral production based on careful listening. According to Cortés (2002), intonation is essential to convey messages in an appropriate way, showing an expressive meaning - besides syntactic-semantic aspects- and the meaning of the utterances. According to PINTO (2009), the E / LE learner transfers the intonational pattern of the LM when he or she in he/her LEA. How to teach intonation? This author proposed and applied a methodology of describing and teaching Spanish intonation to undergraduate students of Letras - Portuguese / Spanish, from a public university in Rio de Janeiro. For this study, 18 utterances were written in Spanish as a foreign language, based on the Interactive Atlas of the Spanish intonation. The corpus is composed of 9 utterances in Brazilian Portuguese as L1, both compared to 9 utterances in Spanish as L1, totaling 36 statements. For such data collection, the informants received CD's composed of yes/no questions, confirmatory questions and declarative imperatives of request in the dialect chosen by each student- the Castilian, the Caribbean and the Mexican. Recordings were made at two specific moments: before and after exposure to our methodology of description and intonation teaching. After teaching, we described the utterances phonetically and analyzed them with the aid of PRAAT software and following the Autosegmental Metric (AM) model. After this analysis, we compared the implementation of F0 and the tonal accent of these utterances, in order to check if the learner's accomplishment of the prosodic system undergoes alteration after the work of awareness, description, perception, mimetic repetition and production stuck in attention. We observed in our results that learners, before being submitted to our methodological proposal of intonation description and teaching, transfer characteristic of Brazilian Portuguese contours into the production of Spanish as a foreign language for all listed varieties. This fact confirmed the transfer process. However, when learners are submitted to our methodological proposal, they mostly implement the expected outlines according to the chosen varieties.
Editorial
Authors: Barbosa Plínio Almeida , Lucente Luciana
Published: March 2021

In this new issue, the Journal of Speech Sciences (JoSS) team launches a new journal section comprising debates: the Debate Section. This first issue explores new methodological avenues on charismatic speech, introducing a debate paper. The issue is completed with two other papers on experimental prosody, focusing on L2 research.
Advancing research and practice in entrepreneurship through speech analysis – From descriptive rhetorical terms to phonetically informed acoustic charisma profiles
Authors: Niebuhr Oliver , Brem Alexander , Tegtmeier Silke
Published: March 2021

Entrepreneurs aim at introducing innovations into the market, e.g., in the form of new products or services. However, innovations always mean changes, and people tend react reluctantly to changes. Moreover, introducing the innovations into the market is often linked with a higher investment risk. Thus, before ideas can become tangible reality, they first of all need to be "sold", for example, to supervisors, potential investors, and, finally, customers. For these reasons, it is particularly critical for entrepreneurs to have a charismatic way of speaking with which they can persuade others of their ideas. Against this background, we motivate and outline in this concept paper a new interdisciplinary line of research that focuses on the speaker's tone of voice. The new line of research builds upon traditional rhetorical descriptions of a speaker's charismatic tone of voice and is meant to extend and eventually replace this descriptive terminology by an objective acoustically based and perceptually informed tone-of-voice analysis, evaluation, and learning. We outline initial promising findings we have made within this new line of research, also in comparison to the established Charismatic Leadership Tactics (CLTs) whose focus is on the verbal aspects of charismatic speech.
Editorial
Authors: Barbosa Plínio Almeida
Published: March 2021

In this new issue, the Journal of Speech Sciences (JoSS) publishes a letter that addresses the opening paper Advancing research and practice in entrepreneur- ship through speech analysis - from descriptive rhetorical terms to phonetically informed acoustic charisma metrics by Oliver Niebuhr, Silke Tegtmeier and Alexander Brem, which came out in the previous issue.
Audible breath intakes in monologues
Authors: Mettouchi Amina
Published: March 2021

Although they have long been used in the transcription of spoken interactions, audible breath intakes have seldom been studied in their own right. This paper is a first step towards the analysis of their role and functions in a lesser-described language, Kabyle (Berber), in which oral storytelling is part of the traditional skills of older female speakers. Based on forty minutes (408 audible breath intakes) of monologue (two folktales and a personal recount), told by the same speaker, this perception- and acoustic-based study tests some hypotheses proposed in the literature concerning the correlation of breath intakes with disfluencies or sociolinguistic factors. It provides evidence for correlations between genre and audible breath intakes: while standalone audible breath intakes preceded by non-terminal boundary tones characterize the recount, the folktales are marked by a high number of complex pauses, preceded by terminal boundary tones, involving a silent pause preceding an audible breath intake. This qualitative study underlines the importance of segmenting various pause types, and annotating them.
Génération automatique de la structure prosodique en français
Authors: Martin Philippe
Published: March 2021

An automated process for building a prosodic structure form transcribed speech recordings in French is presented, based on the incremental prosodic model [1, 2, 3]. In this model, the prosodic structure is defined incrementally by dependency relations instantiated by melodic contours located on the last syllable of the last word of stress groups, subject to a rhythmic constrain limiting the gap between successive stressed syllable to a 250-1250 ms range. Although they frequently contain lexical words (noun, verb, adverb, adjective), stress groups in French can also include only grammatical words (pronoun, conjunction, preposition). Melodic contours are phonologically defined from their melodic rise or fall and their glissando value ensuring their function as dependency markers between stress groups. The algorithm proceeds from an orthographic transcription as follows: 1. Automatic segmentation of the orthographic text into IPA and word tiers 2. Automatic annotation of stressed vowels in three classes (followed by 250 ms silence, above the glissando threshold and lexical category based) 3. Assignment of melodic contours from fundamental frequency values at stressed vowels boundaries. Comparisons with automatic and manual stressed syllable annotation on existing corpora are given, showing the validity of the phonological rules implemented in the algorithm.
Study on French Baroque singing by accent and intonation segmentation
Authors: Schweitzer Claudia
Published: March 2021

The baroque music is modelled on the language, so the claim of the composers of the time and the report of the musicians and musicologists of today. It is thus national because it always refers to a specific language. Typically, we consider as a proof the work of the composer Jean-Baptiste Lully who, as the saying goes, would have formed his recitatives according to the declamation of the actress Champmeslé. Starting from a specific linguistic material, Baroque music is national: it is French, Italian, German, English ... Numerous studies, in particular musicological, have shown the treatment of language rhythm among composers. In this article we will discuss the subject from a wider angle and try to show by an accentuated and intonational segmentation of the text and the melody composed by the musicians, to what extent the prosody of French and the French Baroque music correspond.We use the prosodic segmentation model proposed by Piet Mertens for French, and we base our study on a body of recitatives, because this genre is considered extremely close to declamation, and therefore to the spoken language. Despite the differences between the language used in the compositions and the standard Parisian French of the 21st century, due to the style and evolution of French, Mertens' approach proves to be convincing in describing the compositional setting of the text by composers French Baroque. The research thus confirms the close proximity between textual and musical prosody for the French Baroque recitative.
Editorial
Authors: Barbosa Plínio Almeida , Constantini Ana Carolina
Published: March 2021

É com grande prazer que oferecemos à comunidade científica, em dois números seguidos, cinco trabalhos apresentados durante o I Congresso Brasileiro de Prosódia, realizado de 4 a 8 de novembro de 2019 no Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Esses cinco artigos foram selecionados pelo público participante como melhores apresentações e, em seguida, seus autores foram convidados a apresentar seus artigos estendidos que foram então submetidos a pelo menos dois pareceristas externos. O resultado desse trabalho de revisão e de discussão científica pode ser visto neste número 8.1 e no seguinte, o número 8.2, que abrilhantam assim o Journal of Speech Sciences.
Prosody in the interpretation of ambiguity
Authors: Almeida René Alain Santana de , Oliveira Junior Miguel , Cozijn Reinier
Published: March 2021

The present paper aims to analyze the role of prosody in the resolution of global ambiguity in sentences of the type NP1 - Verb - NP2 - Adverb of place - Adverb of intensity (very) - Attribute, e.g., “The guitarist received the drummer at the room very drugged” (O guitarrista recebeu o baterista no quarto bastante drogado), in Brazilian Portuguese (BP). We consider the hypothesis that prosodic cues, such as stress and pause, assist in the process of disambiguation, both in isolation and in conjunction. The experimental paradigm of the present study used an off-line method of linguistic processing through a questionnaire with Likert scale questions. The results revealed a predominance of non-local apposition judgments in all analyzed conditions. However, the choice of assigning the adjective to the first nominal phrase increased, in a statistically significant way, in the conditions in which there was prosodic manipulation for that purpose, confirmation our hypothesis.
perception of brazilian Portuguese open and close mid vowels by native Russian speakers
Authors: Henriques Anna Smirnova , Skrelin Pavel A. , Evdokimova Vera V. , Kachkovskaia Tatiana V. , Borrego Maria Cristina , Ferreira Léslie Piccolotto , Zuleta Patrícia Piccin Bertelli , Ruseishvili Svetlana , Madureira Sandra
Published: March 2021

The perception of Brazilian Portuguese (BP) mid vowels is mainly investigated by foreign researchers who work with learners of Brazilian Portuguese, native speakers of English or Spanish. In Brazil, this field has been poorly explored. This work contributes to filling this gap by investigating the perception of two Brazilian Portuguese minimal vowel pairs in the group of 103 native Russian speakers and nine French speakers, most of them residing in Brazil. The test has been designed to evaluate the perception of the mid high and low front vowels [e] - [ε], and the mid high and low back vowels [o] - [ɔ]. The test is conducted online and includes 30 trials distributed in three types of tasks: image identification (8 trials), vowel identification (4) and word discrimination (18). It also contains a short sociolinguistic questionnaire. Our findings indicate that native Russian speakers do not differentiate the Brazilian Portuguese mid vowels very well: the mean percentage of the correct answers in the Russophone group was 68%, while in the French group it was 87% and in the Brazilian control group 99%. No correlation was found between the percentage of correct answers and residence time in Brazil or type of language instruction. As next steps, we plan to investigate the differentiation of the Brazilian Portuguese open and close mid vowels by Russophones at the level of production. We also intend to create a training corpus and develop strategies for perception training of the Brazilian Portuguese mid vowels, monitoring their efficiency at different time points.
Editorial
Authors: Mello Heliana , Ferrari Lúcia , Rocha Bruno
Published: March 2021

Speech and gestures meet at their departure point which is actionality. The same departing point keeps the two channels connected through their execution in the creation of meaning and interactivity. Both speech and gestures require segmentation in order to be studied and understood scientifically, as knowing what the units of analysis are is crucial to the scientific endeavor. Prominence is both a characteristic carried by prosody (be it defined functionally, physically or cognitively), as well as by several gestural acts, such as widening of the eyes, increased speed in hand motion, head tilting, among others. This link permits our joining multimodality, segmentation and prominence in speech as a topic for a scientific journal. As our knowledge about spoken language grows, thanks to empirically and experimentally based studies, the necessity for the never ending refining of methodologies is called into action, as well as the broadening of their boundaries. The understanding that gestuality actively interacts and partakes in communication is not a novel perception, as gesture forms a single system with speech and is an integral part of the communicative act (Kendon 1980; McNeil, 1992). However, the accurate pairing of how this interaction occurs is still not fully understood. Are gestures and speech additive, parallel, complementary? How are they linked in terms of the cognitive-neurological and motor routines involved?
Response from the editor to "toward open data policies in phonetics: what we can gain and how we can avoid pitfalls"
Authors: Barbosa Plínio Almeida
Published: March 2021

It is a great pleasure to welcome this letter by eleven prominent researchers of the field of phonetics who open a very important discussion that touches a crucial aspect of open science: open data. The main point presented by this letter is that "journals publishing original research articles about phonetics decide that archiving of primary data is now a prerequisite for submissions" by understanding that availability of data is a point related to "the same activity that results in the publication of research papers".
annotation of gesture and gesture / prosody synchronization in multimodal speech corpora
Authors: Cantalini Giorgina , Moneglia Massimo
Published: March 2021

This paper was written with the aim of highlighting the functional and structural correlations between gesticulation and prosody, focusing on gesture / prosody synchronization in spontaneous spoken Italian. The gesture annotation used follows the LASG model (Bressem et al. 2013), while the prosodic annotation focuses on the identification of terminal and non-terminal prosodic breaks which, according to L-AcT (Cresti, 2000; Moneglia & Raso 2014), determine speech act boundaries and the information structure, respectively. Gesticulation co-occurs with speech in about 90% of the speech flow examined and gestural arcs are synchronous with prosodic boundaries. Gesture Phrases, which contain the expressive phase (Stroke) never cross terminal prosodic boundaries, finding in the utterance the maximum unit for gesture / speech correlation. Strokes may correlate with all information unit types, however only infrequently with Dialogic Units (i.e. those functional to the management of the communication). The identification of linguistic units via the marking of prosodic boundaries allows us to understand the linguistic scope of the gesture, supporting its interpretation. Gestures may be linked at different linguistic levels, namely those of: a) the word level; b) the information unit phrase; c) the information unit function; d) the illocutionary value.
Modelling automatic detection of prosodic boundaries for brazilian portuguese spontaneous speech
Authors: Raso Tommaso , Teixeira Bárbara , Barbosa Plínio
Published: March 2021

Speech is segmented into intonational units marked by prosodic boundaries. This segmentation is claimed to have important consequences on syntax, information structure and cognition. This work aims both to investigate the phonetic-acoustic parameters that guide the production and perception of prosodic boundaries, and to develop models for automatic detection of prosodic boundaries in male monological spontaneous speech of Brazilian Portuguese. Two samples were segmented into intonational units by two groups of trained annotators. The boundaries perceived by the annotators were tagged as either terminal or non-terminal. A script was used to extract 111 phonetic-acoustic parameters along speech signal in a right and left windows around the boundary of each phonological word. The extracted parameters comprise measures of (1) Speech rate and rhythm; (2) Standardized segment duration; (3) Fundamental frequency; (4) Intensity; (5) Silent pause. The script considers as prosodic boundary positions at which at least 50% of the annotators indicated a boundary of the same type. A training of models composed by the parameters extracted by the script was developed; these models, were then improved heuristically. The models were developed from the two samples and from the whole data, both using non-balanced and balanced data. Linear Discriminant Analysis algorithm was adopted to produce the models. The models for terminal boundaries show a much higher performance than those for non-terminal ones. In this paper we: (i) show the methodological procedures; (ii) analyze the different models; (iii) discuss some strategies that could lead to an improvement of our results.
Visual and auditory cues of assertions and questions in brazilian portuguese and Mexican Spanishy
Authors: Miranda Luma da Silva , Silva Carolina Gomes da , Moraes João Antônio de , Rilliard Albert
Published: March 2021

The aim of this paper is to compare the multimodal production of questions in two different language varieties: Brazilian Portuguese and Mexican Spanish. Descriptions of the auditory and visual cues of two speech acts, assertions and questions, are presented based on Brazilian and Mexican corpora. The sentence “Como você sabe” was produced as an yes-no (echo) question and an assertion by ten speakers (five male) from Rio de Janeiro and the sentence “Apaga la tele” was produced as a yes-no question and an assertion by five speakers (three male) from Mexico City. The results show that, whereas the Brazilian Portuguese and Mexican Spanish assertions are produced with different F0 contours and different facial expressions, questions in both languages are produced with specific F0 contours but similar facial expressions. The outcome of this comparative study suggests that lowering the eyebrows, tightening the lid and wrinkling the nose can be considered question markers in both language varieties.
method for lexical tone classification in audio-visual speech
Authors: Menezes João Vítor Possamai de , Cantoni Maria Mendes , Burnham Denis , Barbosa Adriano Vilela
Published: March 2021

This work presents a method for lexical tone classification in audio-visual speech. The method is applied to a speech data set consisting of syllables and words produced by a female native speaker of Cantonese. The data were recorded in an audio-visual speech production experiment. The visual component of speech was measured by tracking the positions of active markers placed on the speaker's face, whereas the acoustic component was measured with an ordinary microphone. A pitch tracking algorithm is used to estimate F0 from the acoustic signal. A procedure for head motion compensation is applied to the tracked marker positions in order to separate the head and face motion components. The data are then organized into four signal groups: F0, Face, Head, Face+Head. The signals in each of these groups are parameterized by means of a polynomial approximation and then used to train an LDA (Linear Discriminant Analysis) classifier that maps the input signals into one of the output classes (the lexical tones of the language). One classifier is trained for each signal group. The ability of each signal group to predict the correct lexical tones was assessed by the accuracy of the corresponding LDA classifier. The accuracy of the classifiers was obtained by means of a k-fold cross validation method. The classifiers for all signal groups performed above chance, with F0 achieving the highest accuracy, followed by Face+Head, Face, and Head, respectively. The differences in performance between all signal groups were statistically significant.
Nordestes, curadoria e identidade
Authors: Lima Pedro Ernesto Freitas
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo, síntese da minha tese de doutorado, se detém sobre como obras de artistas contemporâneos do Nordeste têm sido interpeladas a partir de narrativas identitárias em uma série de curadorias de Moacir dos Anjos dedicadas à discussão de sua proposição sobre o “artista nordestino”, compreendendo eventos realizados entre os anos de 1998 e 2006 nas cidades de Fortaleza, Recife e São Paulo. Questionamos como os trabalhos desses artistas reverberam e lidam com essa interpelação identitária, atravessada por questões como a “invenção” do Nordeste e o “regionalismo” freyreano. Para isso, discutimos a trajetória de algumas obras recorrentes nesses eventos e o modo como foram interpeladas por outras narrativas propostas por diferentes curadores. Procuramos demonstrar como obras e curadorias se beneficiam de associações estratégicas e temporárias às identidades, complexificando noções como “rótulo” e representação.
Dispositivos de imersão e a autorrepresentação do espectador
Authors: Simão Luciano Vinhosa
Published: March 2021

Neste artigo discuto as dificuldades estéticas que o uso do televisor, nas primeiras experiências com vídeo, impôs aos artistas. No percurso, chamo a atenção para as diversas ordens de rearranjos epistemológicos na arte e nos espaços museológicos que o vídeo induziu. Detenho-me sobre a solução de um certo tipo de cabine de imersão, pensada como escultura/dispositivo ativo de captura direta, a qual implica o espectador em uma relação dialógica que o coloca na posição incomum de performer espontâneo ao se deparar com sua autorrepresentação.
Arte abstrata no Brasil
Authors: Costa Gil Vieira
Published: March 2021

Este artigo trata sobre arte abstrata no Brasil a partir da cidade de Belém (PA), em suas ligações com outros campos artísticos. Foca-se em três casos vivenciados nesta cidade entre 1957 e 1961: a obra da artista Estela Campos, o Clube de Artes Plásticas da Amazônia (CAPA) e a Equipe Gestalt. Esses casos são estudados principalmente a partir de textos em jornais e da bibliografia existente sobre o tema, usando a abordagem teórica e metodológica da história social da arte. São mostradas as tendências não-figurativas adotadas por alguns artistas em Belém, bem como a recepção crítica de suas obras. As relações com a ideologia artística abstracionista são analisadas a partir das ideias de arte “atrasada” e “avançada”, presentes em muitos discursos de intelectuais e artistas.
“Desde menina eu me apaixonava pelos objetos”
Authors: Sacchettin Priscila
Published: March 2021

Partindo do termo “geometria sensível”, analiso a obra pictórica de Maria Leontina Franco da Costa, elegendo como recorte temporal o período entre o final da década de 1940 e o início da década de 1960. Pretendo examinar as implicações formais e poéticas da permanência da alusão figurativa no trabalho da artista, que no entanto se desdobra no campo da abstração. Para isso, faço um breve percurso comentado por telas do período mencionado, e considero também depoimentos da artista a respeito de sua prática. Demonstro assim como o posicionamento estético de Leontina aponta para uma problematização do abstracionismo, na medida em que opera com a conciliação - e não a ruptura - entre abstrato e figurativo.
Toward a Common Configurative Impulse
Authors: Cabañas Kaira M.
Published: March 2021

Brazilian art critic Mário Pedrosa’s theorization of art’s affective power, whereby the relational contract with the spectator is neither rational nor purely visual but is infused with feeling, was decisive for understandings of geometric abstraction as expressive in the 1950s. “Toward a Common Configurative Impulse” turns to another modernism, nestled alongside the geometric ones that would come to define the aesthetic of artists associated with Concrete Art in these years. Beyond Concrete Art, Pedrosa’s modernism also encompassed the creative production of diverse practitioners, among them, popular artists, self-taught artists and psychiatric patients (the latter is the subject of my book Learning from Madness: Brazilian Modernism and Global Contemporary Art). With this in mind, this essay tracks the historical and discursive origins for such an inclusive modernism and how Pedrosa’s embrace of different artistic subjectivities calls for a necessary shift in the historiography of Brazilian modernism at mid-century.
denominador comum da vanguarda
Authors: Barros Regina Teixeira de
Published: March 2021

Este artigo examina as obras laureadas pelo Prêmio Leirner de Arte Contemporânea, distribuído anualmente entre 1958 e 1962 pela Galeria de Arte das Folhas, sediada em São Paulo. Financiados pelo industrial Isaí Leirner, os prêmios contemplavam as quatro categorias tradicionais da arte (pintura, escultura, desenho e gravura) e tinham caráter aquisitivo. Grande parte do conjunto é constituída por trabalhos abstratos de vertente não geométrica, mas há também um número considerável de trabalhos figurativos de tendências as mais diversas. Dadas a importância do Prêmio – um dos mais disputados à época – e a heterogeneidade do conjunto, faz-se necessário repensar as narrativas canônicas relativas à produção artística no Brasil entre o final da década de 1950 e início dos anos 1960. A julgar pelos Prêmios Leirner, a abstração lírica se desdobrava em múltiplas facetas, os artistas figurativos continuavam sendo reconhecidos, enquanto o concretismo e o neoconcretismo estavam longe de figurar na ordem do dia.
Heitor dos Prazeres
Authors: Geraldo Sheila Cabo
Published: March 2021

O texto tem como objetivo levantar as condições de produção da obra pictórica de Heitor dos Prazeres, na condição de artista instaurador de territorialidade simbólica, e fazer a crítica do pensamento colonial, que requer qualidade universal ocidental das obras, identificando Prazeres como descendente de africanos escravizados, portanto, “primitivo”.
Ecologia da forma abstrata no Brasil
Authors: Siqueira Vera Beatriz
Published: March 2021

O artigo aborda a abstração na obra do artista e paisagista Roberto Burle Marx (1909-1994), responsável pela ambientação cultural e natural da forma racional moderna no Brasil. A ideia básica é analisar a peculiaridade de sua adesão ao abstracionismo, compreendendo-a no seio de seu pensamento ecológico mais vasto, que envolve a preservação da natureza e das tradições culturais brasileiras, buscando investigar como se processou essa ecologia da forma abstrata.
Embates da Revista Fundamentos com a Abstração
Authors: Lopes Almerinda Silva
Published: March 2021

Este texto reflete sobre os embates travados por intelectuais de esquerda, defensores do realismo, contra a linguagem abstrata e a sua premiação na I Bienal Internacional de São Paulo (1951), com base nas matérias publicadas na Revista Fundamentos, fundada em São Paulo (1948) por Monteiro Lobato. As críticas eram dirigidas também ao empresário Francisco Matarazzo Sobrinho (1898-1977), fundador do Museu de Arte Moderna de São Paulo e da Bienal, e ao norte-americano Nelson Rockefeller (1908-1979), ligado ao Museu de Arte Moderna de Nova York. Os colaboradores da revista suspeitavam que o apoio do empresário estrangeiro às instituições culturais brasileiras empanasse outros propósitos: aproximar-se do governo brasileiro, visando ampliar aqui seus negócios e lucros; submeter antidemocraticamente a área artística e cultural à política expansionista e colonialista da Guerra Fria, inaugurando um inusitado ciclo de debates no Brasil.
Antiaula vanguardista
Authors: Martins Sérgio B.
Published: March 2021

Tomando como ponto de partida exercícios de desenho que Lygia Pape passava aos seus alunos, este artigo passa em revista a trajetória da artista entre os anos 1950 e o final dos anos 1960, enfocando três diferentes categorias que entram em questão na medida em que a artista vai expandindo seu repertório de meios: o plano (em sua gravura concreta), a página (em seus livros neoconcretos) e o palco (em seus balés). Ao tomar o questionamento da estabilidade convencional dessas três categorias como facetas de um mesmo movimento crítico, sustentamos, em primeiro lugar, que advém daí um nexo de coerência na obra de Pape irredutível à ideia de linguagem artística ou estilo. Além disso, buscamos situar a exata articulação entre este movimento crítico e a expansão ambiental de sua obra a partir de meados dos anos 1960.
Pintoras e gravadoras expressivas
Authors: Avelar Ana
Published: March 2021

Neste artigo, visa-se estabelecer considerações sobre a arte informalista e expressionista abstrata no Brasil, a partir da atuação de gravadoras e pintoras que aderiram às abstrações não-geométricas ou experimentaram nessa direção, entre as décadas de 1950 e 1960, sendo que muitas também desempenharam funções pedagógicas. Nomes como Fayga Ostrower e Yolanda Mohalyi são mais conhecidos, tendo sido objeto de textos críticos de época e de exposições individuais ao longo dos anos. Na gravura, chamam atenção Anna Bella Geiger e Edith Behring, além do ateliê de gravura do Museu de Arte Moderna do Rio de Janeiro – MAM RJ, na qual atuaram como estudante e professora, respectivamente. Entretanto, a pintora Sheila Brannigan é uma referência pouco lembrada, embora frequente na imprensa da época. Conceitualmente esta reflexão apoiar-se-á, por um lado, na crítica brasileira de meados do século XX sobre essas artistas; por outro, nos estudos de orientação feminista sobre o Expressionismo Abstrato, trazendo novas análises sobre a produção de artistas como Elaine de Kooning, Hedda Sterne e Helen Frankenthaler. O corpus eleito para a pesquisa concentra-se na coleção do Museu de Arte Contemporânea da Universidade de São Paulo – MAC USP, uma vez que conta com exemplares significativos da obra das artistas mencionadas.
Além da ordem e da razão
Authors: Espada Heloisa
Published: March 2021

Este artigo revisa a participação suíça na 1a Bienal do Museu de Arte Moderna de São Paulo a partir da análise de textos críticos de época e da correspondência entre os organizadores da mostra, o artista Max Bill e autoridades suíças, depositados no Arquivo Wanda Svevo da Fundação Bienal e no Arquivo Federal da Suíça, em Berna. Além disso, a identificação da maior parte das obras que integraram a delegação suíça na 1a Bienal demonstra que o país apresentou um panorama variado da arte moderna desenvolvida em seu território e que, mesmo os exemplos de arte concreta presentes na mostra não constituíram uma unidade conceitual. A pesquisa revela que não houve entre os artistas suíços um consenso sobre o conceito de arte concreta e que a visão de Max Bill sobre o assunto, longe de ser uma unanimidade entre seus pares, não se limitou a uma defesa de métodos matemáticos rígidos.
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Authors: Canciana Canciana , Nirtha Indah , Khair Riza Miftahul
Published: March 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan alat pelindung diri dalam keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja terhadap produktivitas karyawan pabrik kelapa sawit. Kegiatan penelitian dilakukan dengan mengamati data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer yang diperlukan adalah lembar kuesioner tentang jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, usia, masa kerja, K3, APD, dan produktivitas karyawan. Untuk data sekunder berupa data dari SHE mengenai kecelakaan kerja yang terdapat di PT. HCT dan dilakukan analisis departemen yang Bangka kejadian kecelakaan kerjanya paling tinggi. Kemudian dilakukan pengolahan data melalui tahap coding (setelah data terkumpul dilakukan pemberian skor jawaban berdasarkan bobot tertentu setiap jawaban dengan skala), tabulating (proses menghitung skor masing-masing variable dan ditampilkan dalam bentuk tabel agar lebih mudah dipahami), dan entry data (memasukkan data tabulasi kelembar kerja untuk diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan program statistika computer).