bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Gluten-Free and Casein-Free diet on the quality of life of Autistic children and Adolescents: A Scoping review
Authors: Zafirovski Kristina , Aleksoska Mirjana Trpevska , Thomas Joe , Hanna Fahad
Published: May 2024

Background: Gluten and casein-containing foods could aggravate the symptoms of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and subsequently impact their quality of life. However, there is a mixed opinion among researchers concerning the impact of alternative diet on reducing ASD symptoms. Objective: This scoping review aimed at examining the impact of the ‘’gluten-free, casein-free’’ (GFCF) diet on health outcomes and the quality of life among autistic children and adolescents. Methods: A scoping review of the literature was performed following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines. Four databases including EbscoHost, Medline, CINAHL and ProQuest were used to obtain subject-specific studies relevant to the research question and published between July 2013 and March 2024. A comprehensive search using keywords such as “autism spectrum disorder”, “gluten-free diet”, and “casein-free diet” was conducted to obtain articles related to the research focus area. Only full-text, peer-reviewed, written in English articles were selected. Data extraction and data analysis were performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses- extension to Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) protocol. Results: From the initial 586 studies a total of 27 articles were included in the final analysis of the review. The thematic analysis included ‘GFCF diet and improvement of the core autistic symptoms’’, “the gut-brain link’’, ‘’dietary interventions and autism’’, ‘’possible side effects due to the GCFC diet’’, and ‘’ inconclusive studies and mixed opinions’’. Majority of the studies showed positive effect of the GFCF diet on a variety of autistic symptoms including positive changes in cognitive skills, behaviour, and gastrointestinal symptoms while some showed conflicting evidence. Conclusion: The currently available evidence on the impact of ‘GFCF’’ diet on the quality of life of autistic children and adolescents may warrant potentially effective interventions for alleviating symptoms of autism spectrum disorders. However, this scoping review highlighted the need for more research to provide more reliable evidence on the health outcomes and quality of life of ASD sufferers to guide practice.
Possibilities of Increasing the Ampacity of Overhead Lines Using HTLS Conductors in the Electric Power System of the Slovak Republic
Authors: Margita Frantisek , Bena Lubomir , Malska Wiesława , Pijarski Paweł
Published: May 2024

The examination of ampacity in overhead transmission lines offers a comprehensive overview, covering its definition, thermal evaluation methodologies, standards, practical applications, and the potential of high-temperature low-sag (HTLS) conductors. By navigating through static and dynamic approaches to thermal evaluation and detailing methodologies prescribed by international standards like those from CIGRE and IEEE, this study provides a solid understanding of how ampacity is determined and optimized. Furthermore, the exploration of HTLS conductors introduces a forward-looking perspective on enhancing transmission capacity whereas mitigating the need for extensive infrastructure modifications. Through an analysis of regional considerations and preferences using Slovak standards and CIGRE Technical Brochure 601, insights are provided on how environmental factors influence transmission line performance. The analysis of the transition from traditional ACSR to advanced ACCC (Aluminium Conductor Composite Core) conductors demonstrates the tangible benefits of adopting advanced conductor technologies in real-world scenarios.
Non-Insulin Antidiabetic Agents and Lung Cancer Risk in Drug-Naive Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Tabernacki Tomasz , Wang Lindsey , Kaelber David , Xu Rong , Berger Nathan A.
Published: May 2024

Lung cancer (LC) is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths in the U.S. Insulin therapy, a key treatment for managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), may increase LC risk. The impact of non-insulin antidiabetic drugs, particularly GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), on LC risk is not well understood. This study evaluated LC risk in T2DM patients comparing seven non-insulin antidiabetic agents to insulin. Using the TriNetX Analytics platform, we analyzed de-identified electronic health records of 1,040,341 T2DM patients treated between 2005-2019, excluding those with prior antidiabetic use or LC diagnoses. We calculated hazard ratios and confidence intervals for LC risk and used propensity score matching to control for confounding factors. All non-insulin antidiabetic drugs, except alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, significantly reduced LC risk compared to insulin, with GLP-1RAs showing the greatest reduction (HR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.59). GLP-1RAs were consistently associated with lowered LC risk across all histological types, races, genders, and smoking statuses. These findings suggest that non-insulin antidiabetic drugs, particularly GLP-1RAs, may be preferable for managing T2DM while reducing LC risk.
Nitrogen-Mineralization of Selected Organic Materials and Their Combined Effects with Nitrogen Fertilizer on Spinach Yield
Authors: Mgolozeli Sibongiseni , Nciizah Adornis D. , Wakindiki Isaiah I.C. , Mudau Fhatuwani F.
Published: May 2024

A 2-month incubation study was carried out using two soil types to determine nitrogen mineralization of different inorganic-organic amendments. The following seven treatments (T) were established; T1 = control, T2 = 5 g of dry algae per kg of soil (100%DA), T3 = 136g of agri-mat per kg of soil (100%GA), T4 = 61 g of ground grass per kg of soil (100%GG), T5 = 2.5 g of dry algae + 2.5 g of nitrogen fertilizer (NF) per kg of soil (50%DA50NF), T6 = 50%GA50NF, T7 = 50%GG50NF. Three samples per treatment were drawn at 0, 3, 7, 15, 30, 45, and 60 days for mineral-N determination. A 2-month glasshouse experiment was established afterwards with the following five treatments: T1 = Control, T2 = 50%DA, T3 = 50%GA, T4 = 50%GG, and T5 = 100NF. The results indicated that nitrogen mineralization was significantly higher in organic-inorganic amendments compared to sole organic amendments. The percentage differences ranged from 157% to 195%. The 50%DA treatment increased spinach yield by 20.6% in sandy loam and 36.5% in loam soil. It is difficult to fully recommend the 50%DA treatment without field-scale evaluation, but it is a promising option to be considered.
The Entropy of the Collapsing Molecular Cloud
Authors: Kumssa Gemechu Muleta
Published: May 2024

The study of the change in entropy during the formation of stars in collapsing molecular clouds is an important area of research in astrophysics. As the cloud decreases in size, the presence of gases leads to an increase in entropy. However, the extent of this change in entropy is influenced by the amount of space available for the gases. In this scientific investigation, I conduct a detailed analysis of entropy on a small scale within the contracting cloud, following the principles of the second law of thermodynamics. Initially, my focus is on a turbulent cloud composed of N particles with a mass of M, which collapses under the force of gravity. It becomes clear that in order for the collapse to occur, gravitational energy must overcome other pressure forces that oppose it. This process results in the rapid movement of particles within the cloud, ultimately leading to a change in entropy
Connecting Quantum Mechanics and General Relativity: The Role of Electromagnetic Spacetime
Authors: Tewari Shreyash
Published: May 2024

We propose a novel framework for understanding quantum phenomena through the lens of a modified electromagnetic spacetime, governed by Einstein field equations. By assuming the existence of an electromagnetic spacetime that adheres to these modified equations and provides the Coulomb force law in weak-field approximations, we explore the derivation of Maxwell’s equations and highlight the necessity of incorporating spin to validate these equations. We derive the wave equation for the normalized transverse metric and establish its equivalence with the de Broglie wave proposition, suggesting a relationship between this metric and the particle's wavefunction. This approach offers a classical explanation for several quantum phenomena, including the double-slit experiment, entanglement, tunneling, non-locality, and wavefunction collapse. Additionally, it posits a method to visualize atomic orbital structures in line with quantum mechanical predictions. Our findings suggest that the foundational principles of quantum mechanics can be interpreted as linearized approximations of general relativity applied to electromagnetic spacetime. While this theory does not yet extend to the correlations between general relativity, quantum electrodynamics (QED), and quantum chromodynamics (QCD), it provides a valuable visualization tool for physicists and advances our understanding of the unresolved challenges linking quantum mechanics with general relativity.
Transdisciplinary Approach: Toward Innovative Recovery and Disaster Risk Reduction
Authors: Ishiwatari Mikio , Ohara Miho , Razak Khamarrul Azahari , Inoue Masashi , Zheng Xiang , Shaw Rajib
Published: May 2024

Disasters affect multiple sectors; therefore, the need for interdisciplinary and collaborative efforts becomes increasingly apparent. The session “Transdisciplinary Approach: Toward Innovative Recovery and Disaster Risk Reduction” aimed to explore the importance and need for a transdisciplinary approach toward advancing disaster risk reduction and recovery. The approach can provide a systematic framework for organizing knowledge and perspectives across different disciplines. Panelists from different countries presented concepts and case studies to illustrate the effectiveness and challenges of this approach. Through presentations and discussions, it was found that this approach can foster innovation and inclusiveness, and that the data generated by science and technology are crucial for the formulation of disaster risk reduction policies.
Disaster Education Model for Prospective Science Teachers: Needs Analysis and Initial Development
Authors: Aroyandini Elvara Norma , Supriyadi  , Rusilowati Ani , Hartono  , Juhadi
Published: May 2024

Disaster problems in Indonesia are complex. Apart from geographically having a high risk of disaster, community disaster literacy is low. Moreover, innovation in disaster matters is lacking, owing to the lack of 21st century skills. Further, disaster literacy and 21st century skills of prospective science teachers in Indonesia are inadequate. This study assumes that a disaster education model for prospective science teachers must be developed. Therefore, this assumption needs to be proven by conducting a needs analysis before developing the model. This study aimed to analyze the needs for the development of the Problem-Based Learning Cycle-Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics-Disaster (PBLC-STEM-D) disaster education model through a sequential-exploratory research design and thereafter develop the initial model with the analysis, design, and development stages. The results of the study revealed that it is necessary to develop the PBLC-STEM-D disaster education model for prospective science teachers. Therefore, the model was developed conceptually.
EFECTO ECONÓMICO DE LA CERTIFICACIÓN DE IVA E IEPS EN EL SECTOR MAQUILADOR EN CIUDAD JUÁREZ
Authors: Ruiz Ruiz Alan Eduardo
Published: May 2024

El análisis del efecto económico derivado de las empresas certificadas en materia de IVA e IEPS en el sector maquilador en Ciudad Juárez tiene por objetivo analizar el efecto económico que conlleva el desarrollo de la inversión extranjera directa en la ciudad y las dificultades que enfrentan las empresas para certificarse o mantener su certificación, así como brevemente explora sus implicaciones fiscales. La metodología utilizada es cualitativa, se realizaron entrevistas a personas especializadas en el comercio exterior e internacional de empresas en la región, tales como un agente aduanal, un gerente de aduanas de una empresa maquiladora y un presidente corporativo socio, accionista principal de una empresa IMMEX con inversión en Ciudad Juárez. En conclusión, se determinó que, además de la certificación en IVA e IEPS, la cual permite un crédito fiscal para las empresas maquiladoras por el 100 % del IVA generado en importaciones temporales según el artículo 28 de la Ley del Impuesto al Valor Agregado, el principal atractivo para inversionistas extranjeros en México hoy es el salario mínimo, pues proporciona mano de obra barata.
Validating Orthopaedic Data Evaluation Panel (ODEP) Ratings Across 9 Orthopaedic Registries
Authors: Hoogervorst Lotje A. , van Tilburg Maartje M. , Lübbeke Anne , Wilton Tim , Nelissen Rob G.H.H. , Marang-van de Mheen Perla J.
Published: May 2024

Background:

Orthopaedic Data Evaluation Panel (ODEP) ratings of total hip (TH) and total knee (TK) implants are informative for assessing implant performance. However, the validity of ODEP ratings across multiple registries is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to assess, across multiple registries, whether TH and TK implants with a higher ODEP rating (i.e., an A* rating) have lower cumulative revision risks (CRRs) than those with a lower ODEP rating (i.e., an A rating) and the extent to which A* and A-rated implants would be A*-rated on the basis of the pooled registries’ CRR.

Methods:

Implant-specific CRRs at 3, 5, and 10 years that were reported by registries were matched to ODEP ratings on the basis of the implant name. A meta-analysis with random-effects models was utilized for pooling the CRRs. ODEP benchmark criteria were utilized to classify these pooled CRRs.

Results:

A total of 313 TH cups (54%), 356 TH stems (58%), 218 TH cup-stem combinations (34%), and 68 TK implants (13%) with unique brand names reported by registries were matched to an ODEP rating. Given the low percentage that matched, TK implants were not further analyzed. ODEP-matched TH implants had lower CRRs than TH implants without an ODEP rating at all follow-up time points, although the difference for TH stems was not significant at 5 years. No overall differences in CRRs were found between A* and A-rated TH implants, with the exception of TH cup-stem combinations, which demonstrated a significantly lower CRR for A*A*-rated cup-stem combinations at the 3-year time point. Thirty-nine percent of A*-rated cups and 42% of A*-rated stems would receive an A* rating on the basis of the pooled registries’ CRR at 3 years; however, 24% of A-rated cups and 31% of A-rated stems would also receive an A* rating, with similar findings demonstrated at longer follow-up.

Conclusions:

At all follow-up time points, ODEP-matched TH implants had lower CRRs than TH implants without an ODEP rating. Given that the performance of TH implants varied across countries, registries should first validate ODEP ratings with use of country-specific revision data to better guide implant selection in their country. Data source transparency and the use of revision data from multiple registries would strengthen the ODEP benchmarks.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Post-tubercular Lumbosacral Kyphotic Deformity in a 11-Year-Old Child
Authors: Mahajan Rajat , Goswami Sutanu , Kumar Ganesh S.
Published: May 2024

Case:

An 11-year-old girl with intact neurology presented with a lumbosacral kyphotic deformity due to healed tuberculosis. Radiological imaging showed sagittal balanced spine with compensatory thoracic lordosis and cervical kyphosis. She underwent L4 and L5 posterior vertebral column resection (PVCR) with posterior instrumentation from L2 to pelvis. The patient demonstrated immediate correction of compensatory curves postoperatively. At 3-year follow-up, she returned to her activities of daily living with Oswestry Disability Index and Scoliosis Research Society scores of 12 and 4.8% respectively.

Conclusion:

Pediatric post-tubercular deformities in the lumbosacral region are rare. They can cause secondary changes in other regions, such as the loss of thoracic kyphosis or cervical lordosis. These deformities should be addressed at an early age to prevent structural changes in compensatory curves.
ALTARABIN, Mahmoud. The Routledge Course in Arabic Business Translation. New York, Routledge, 2022, 198 pp., ISBN 9780367773335
Authors: Solá Portillo Sara
Published: May 2024

Review of the book: The Routledge Course in Arabic Business Translation.
Referentes culturales en páginas web de joyería
Authors: Policastro Ponce Gisella , Álvarez Jurado Manuela
Published: May 2024

Este trabajo se centra en el estudio de los referentes culturales presentes en páginas web de joyería y bisutería con objeto de analizar la carga cultural y la dimensión semiótica y simbólica del lenguaje de la joyería. Para acometer este propósito, consideramos conveniente el empleo de páginas web ya que estas podían satisfacer de manera apropiada nuestras necesidades ya que ofrecen una serie de ventajas. Por una parte, la página web es un canal de comunicación actualizado y de fácil y libre acceso; por otra parte, presenta tanto elementos textuales como multimodales lo que facilita el propósito comunicativo que nos proponemos alcanzar y, además, ofrecen una amplia variedad de unidades de significación especializada. Así pues, delimitamos un corpus de páginas web corporativas de empresas de joyería y bisutería que ofrecen versiones tanto en español como en francés. Una vez rastreada la presencia de referentes culturales en nuestro corpus ad hoc, llevamos a cabo una reflexión sobre su trasvase lingüístico y cultural, basándonos en una serie de criterios de análisis previamente definidos. Asimismo, sometemos a observación los recursos semióticos involucrados en la construcción del significado en este tipo de textos con el fin de interpretar el simbolismo cultural de cada pieza. Finalizamos este trabajo con una detallada revisión de los objetivos propuestos y la metodología empleada en este estudio y reflexionamos sobre las implicaciones de nuestros hallazgos.
Diccionarios y glosarios de genética en lengua alemana
Authors: Cuéllar Lázaro Carmen
Published: May 2024

En un mundo globalizado en el que la traducción se hace cada vez más presente, su ejercicio está ligado, en muchos casos, al conocimiento de un campo especializado. Así pues, el traductor profesional debe documentarse y estar preparado para trabajar con esa información especializada. En este estudio, nos acercamos al campo del saber de la genética, que por su complejidad y amplitud abarca distintas disciplinas como la medicina y la biología. Hoy en día, son muchos los recursos que se pueden encontrar en internet para documentarse. En la primera parte de este trabajo, presentamos una selección de diccionarios y glosarios en lengua alemana sobre genética, a los que se tiene acceso a través de internet de manera gratuita y que pueden ser de ayuda al traductor para entender los conceptos de un texto especializado. Algunos de ellos tienen un carácter divulgativo, mientras que otros están dirigidos a un público especializado. Por otra parte, en algunos casos se trata de recursos elaborados desde la perspectiva de la medicina y en otros, sin embargo, el punto de partida es la biología. Divergen también en el volumen de términos, desde diccionarios enciclopédicos a pequeños glosarios. No obstante, en todos ellos la finalidad es acercar la genética, sus términos y conceptos al lector interesado, ya sea con carácter divulgativo (para el estudiante o el público lego), ya sea de una manera más especializada (para el profesional y el investigador). En segundo lugar, analizamos en qué medida los diccionarios de medicina publicados en soporte papel para la pareja de lenguas alemán y español pueden ser útiles al traductor ante un texto especializado sobre genética. Tras el análisis, concluimos poniendo de relieve cuál de los diccionarios comparados es el más completo.
Duplex RTqPCRs for detection and relative quantification of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC)
Authors: Carcereny Albert , Garcia-Pedemonte David , Bosch Albert , Pintó Rosa M , Guix Susana
Published: May 2024

During the evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, new variants of the virus have emerged and spread worldwide. The increased transmissibility and proclivity of some of these variants to cause more serious disease threatens public health responses against the virus, thus being its monitoring relevant. While Next-Generation-Sequencing (NGS) is the gold standard to identify variants, it cannot always be rapidly implemented in some settings to provide information as an early warning tool. Duplex quantitative real time RTqPCR assays offer a sensitive and easy-to-use tool to detect, discriminate, and estimate relative proportions of SARS-CoV-2 variants containing signature mutations from variants lacking it, using allelic discrimination probes. We developed ten multiplexed RTqPCR assays that can detect Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), Omicron (B.1.1.529), Omicron BA.1 (B.1.1.529.1), Omicron BA.2 (B.1.1.529.2), Omicron FLip (XBB.1.5-like + L455F + F456L), Omicron BA.2.86 (B.1.1.529.2.86) and Omicron DeFLiRT (JN.1 + delS31) variants by targeting 21765_21770DelTACATG, 22281_22289DelCTTTACTTG, 28262_28263InsAACA, 22029_22034DelAGTTCA, 28362_28370DelGAGAACGCA, 22121InsGAGCCAGAA, 21633_21641DelTACCCCCTG, G22927T, T22928C and T22930A (L455F and F456L SNVs), ins21610ATGCCGCTGTTT and 21654_21656DelCTT deletions, insertions and SNVs in their genomes. Alpha, Beta, Delta, Omicron BA.1, Omicron BA.2, Omicron Flip, Omicron BA.2.86 and Omicron DeFLiRT markers are mapped to the S gene (residues 69/70, 241/243, 157/158, 214, 25/27, 455/456, 16 and 31 respectively), Gamma insertion is located between the end of ORF8 and the beginning of N gene, and Omicron (B.1.1.529) deletion is mapped to the N gene (residues 31/33). The duplex RTqPCR assay targeting 21765-21770DelTACATG mutation affecting residues HV69/70 has been previously used to estimate the relative proportion of Alpha VOC (Carcereny et al., 2021), and is also suitable to estimate the proportions of Omicron BA.4 and BA.5. All duplex RTqPCR assays targeting signature mutations may be used as a complementary tool to NGS for rapid variant tracking and surveillance in wastewater-based epidemiology.
Development of an ICF Core Set for frailty older people – Study Protocol
Authors: Batalha Diogo , Alvarelhão Joaquim , Almeida Sara , Pinto Joana
Published: May 2024

Frailty is more common as age increases but is not synonymous of ageing. Identifying frail older people should be one of the bases of geriatric care, since this is a complex and important issue associated with aging, with implications for older people and for the functioning of health services. The ICF has the potential to design standardized coding for the various health domains, characterizing the specific functional challenges of individuals, being a first step towards the standardization of the evaluation of results, with several additional advantages. The development of a Core Set allows the creation of practical instruments adjusted to a specific health condition, sufficiently comprehensive and multidisciplinary. It involves formal decision-making and a consensus-seeking process that integrates not only the evidence found in preliminary and already conducted studies but also the creation of a focus group with frail older people, health professionals and experts. We aim to develop an ICF Core Set for frailty and identifying the categories of the ICF most applicable to the weak, according to the frail older people’s perspective and based on international consensus
A mass spectrometry-based workflow to analyze histone post-translational modifications and the associated acid extractome
Authors: Verhelst Sigrid , De Clerck Laura , Willems Sander , Puyvelde Bart Van , Daled Simon , Deforce Dieter , Dhaenens Maarten
Published: May 2024

Worldwide, there is an increasing interest in epigenetics because of its involvement in several diseases. An important epigenetic mechanism is the histone post-translational modifications and the histone code they generate. Mass spectrometry (MS) offers the opportunity to comprehensively characterize the histone code in one single experiment. We developed a workflow that allows starting from a cell pellet to: 1) extract the histones, 2) analyze them via bottom-up proteomics using data-dependent acquisition (DDA) mass spectrometry, and 3) identify and quantify them via our data analysis pipeline. The time required to complete the entire workflow is highly dependent on the number of samples to be analyzed and should be considered as at least 1 week of sample preparation prior to the acquisition, approximately 90 minutes of acquisition time per sample and thereafter one to several weeks of data analysis depending on the complexity of the data.
Plate-based ISSAAC-seq for multimodal profiling of chromatin accessibility and gene expression in single cells
Authors: Xu Wei , Chen Yawen , Hu Yukun , Chen Xi
Published: May 2024

Here, we described a step-by-step protocol for plate-based in situ SHERRY after ATAC-seq (ISSAAC-seq), a highly sensitive and flexible single cell multi-omics method to interrogate chromatin accessibility and gene expression from the same single nucleus. ISSAAC-seq is based on the combination of the recently developed Sequencing HEteRo RNA-DNA-hYbrid (SHERRY) and previously established scATAC-seq approaches, and compatible with both plate-based formats and droplet microfluidics. Plate-based ISSAAC-seq is suitable for small scale preliminary tests at low cost. Main reactions in this protocol are performed in bulk, then single cells were isolated using FACS. Generally, it obtains data quality of ~10,000 ATAC reads in peaks and 2000-5000 detected genes per cell. Library construction for ISSAAC-seq could be completed in 1-2 days. This protocol is related to the publication “ISSAAC-seq enables sensitive and flexible multimodal profiling of chromatin accessibility and gene expression in single cells” in Nature Methods.
“Development and Feasibility Testing of Supported Housing Programme on Independent Living Skills of Homeless Women with Severe Mental Illness: A Prospective Study”
Authors: Lydia.V  , Jagannathan Aarti , Thirthalli Jagadisha , L Ponnuchamy
Published: May 2024

Homelessness and mental illness are inextricably linked and this bidirectional phenomenon forms a vicious circle from which an escape seems complicated. One of the most pertinent needs of the HWSMI when they recover from mental illness is to return to their families. However, catering to this need has been challenging due to several reasons. HWSMI, when institutionalized get trapped in a system that reduces access to normative resources and solidifies social withdrawal. In this context, we aim to develop a supported housing program (SHP) for HWSMI & examine the effect of SHP on their Independent Living Skills.
Comparative evaluation of canal transportation, centering ability, and remaining dentin thickness between Race Evo and Protaper Next Rotary systems by using CBCT in mesial curved root canals of mandibular molar teeth
(A comparative inVitro Study)
Authors: Ashkar Ahmed El , sadik Hany samy
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study is to assess the shaping ability of Race Evo files system in comparison to Protaper Next files System (X1 #17/.04, X2 #25/.06) by evaluating: The canal transportation, centering ability, and the remaining dentin thickness in curved root canals at three root levels (apical, middle, and coronal) using CBCT.
Direct Biomolecule Discrimination in Mixed Samples using Nanogap-Based Single-Molecule Electrical Measurement
Authors: Ryu Jiho , Komoto Yuki , Oshiro Takahito , Taniguchi Masateru
Published: May 2024

In single-molecule measurements, metal nanogap electrodes directly measure the current of a single molecule. This technique has been actively investigated as a new detection method for a variety of samples. Machine learning has been applied to analyze signals derived from single molecules to improve the identification accuracy. However, conventional identification methods have drawbacks, such as the requirement of data to be measured for each target molecule and the electronic structure variation of the nanogap electrode. In this study, we report a technique for identifying molecules based on single-molecule measurement data measured only in mixed sample solutions. Compared with conventional methods that require training classifiers on measurement data from individual samples, our proposed method successfully predicts the mixing ratio from the measurement data in mixed solutions. This demonstrates the possibility of identifying single molecules using only data from mixed solutions, without prior training. This method is anticipated to be particularly useful for the analysis of biological samples in which chemical separation methods are not applicable, thereby increasing the potential for single-molecule measurements to be widely adopted as an analytical technique.
Unveiling the Lead-Lag Relationship Among Metal Derivatives in the Multi Commodity Exchange (MCX) of India: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Arcot Purna Prasad , Naidu B.Diwakar
Published: May 2024

This research paper delves into the substantial impact of commodity exchanges in India on the economy, specifically focusing on the areas of improved price discovery and the facilitation of systematic derivatives trading. Market participants, including hedgers and traders, effectively utilize futures contracts as strategic tools to control prices and capitalize on market volatility. Both agricultural and non-agricultural products are actively traded in the spot and futures markets, with metals emerging as the dominant category on the Multi Commodity Exchange (MCX). The process of price discovery within financial markets is a pivotal factor that ensures sustainable trading practices. Through an extensive study analyzing the relationship between spot and futures prices of seven metal derivatives traded on the MCX over a decade-long period, significant correlations have been identified across all cases.JEL Codes: C32, C58,G13
New insights into an old problem: Rethinking the risk factor of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with choroidal detachment from the viewpoint of treatment patterns: A retrospective study
Authors: Li Tao , Lai Kunbei , Gao Kai , chen ziye , Lin Zhuangling , Zheng Wenbin , Liu Yaping , Liu Baoyi , Ma Yuan , Chen Zitong , Tuxun Rebiya , Jiang Lan , Tsai Chinling , Xu Zhuojun
Published: May 2024

Background: To compare the proportion of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with choroidal detachment (RRDCD) in the emergency surgery group with the routine inpatient surgery group and determine risk factors for RRDCD.
Methods: A total of 694 patients (eyes) diagnosed with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in the emergency surgery group were included from the Department of Ophthalmic Emergency, and 692 patients (eyes) in the routine inpatient surgery group were selected randomly from the Ocular Fundus Department. Demographics, refractive status, macular status, lens status, extent of retinal detachment, number of retinal breaks, duration of symptoms before surgery, and the incidence of RRDCD were compared. A logistic regression analysis was used to determine potential risk factors for RRDCD.
Results: Compared to the routine inpatient surgery group, the emergency surgery group had a significant less median time to surgery (P < 0.001) and a decreased proportion of RRDCD (2.88% vs. 10.84%, P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that a prolonged duration of RRD [OR 3.51, 95% CI (1.98-6.23)], pseudophakia/aphakia status [OR 2.74, 95% CI (1.50-4.98)], multiple retinal breaks [OR 1.67, 95% CI (1.03-2.70)], and a substantial extent of RRD [OR 11.58, 95% CI (7.12-18.84)] were independent risk factors for RRDCD.
Conclusions: Emergency surgical pattern of RRD demonstrated a lower incidence of RRDCD. The adoption of an expedited surgical approach has the potential to reduce the duration of RRD, possibly correlating with a decreased risk of RRDCD development.
Muti-omics revealed the mechanisms of MT-conferred tolerance of Elymus nutans Griseb. to low temperature at XiZang
Authors: Zhuoma Pubu , Tondrob Dorjeeh , Qunpei Tudeng , Fu Juanjuan , Dan Sang
Published: May 2024

Background
Low temperature seriously limited the development of grass and crops in plateau. Thus, it is urgent to develop an effective management strategy for improving the plant cold tolerance and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Results
we found that MT improved could tolerance of ENG via enhancing antioxidant enzymes and accumulating flavonoids. Further integration of transcriptome and metabolome profiles showed that both cold exposure (CE) and MT reprogrammed the transcription pattern of galactose and flavonoids biosynthesis, leading to changes in compositions of soluble sugar and flavonoids. Additionally, CE inhibited the photosynthesis, and destroyed the antioxidant system of ENG, leading to accumulation of oxidant radicals represented by MDA. Of note, MT improved the activity of antioxidant system, reduced the MD content and maintained normal expression of photosynthesis-related genes of ENG even under CE. Importantly, MT mainly enhanced cold tolerance of ENG via activating zeatin signal to regulate flavonoid biosynthesis in vivo. Numerous transcription factors (WRKY17, WRKY11 and MYB59) involved in regulating zeatin synthesis were activated by MT in ENG.
Conclusions
our research gain insight into the global mechanisms of MT in promoting cold tolerance of ENG, then provided guidance for protecting plant from cold stress in plateau.
Probing the oral-brain connection: Oral microbiome patterns in a large community cohort with anxiety, depression, and trauma symptoms, and periodontal outcomes
Authors: Malan-Müller Stefanie , Vidal Rebeca , O'Shea Esther , Montero Eduardo , Figuero Elena , Zorrilla Iñaki , de Diego-Adeliño Javier , Cano Marta , García-Portilla María , González-Pinto Ana , Leza Juan
Published: May 2024

The role of the oral microbiome in mental health has recently been appreciated within the proposed oral-brain axis. This study examined the structure and composition of the salivary microbiome in a large-scale population-based cohort of individuals reporting mental health symptoms (n = 306) compared to mentally healthy controls (n = 164) using 16S rRNA sequencing. Mental health symptoms were evaluated using validated questionnaires and included depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder, with accompanying periodontal outcomes. Participants also indicated current or previous diagnoses of anxiety, depression, periodontitis, and gingivitis. Mental and periodontal health variables influenced the overall composition of the oral microbiome. PTSD symptoms correlated with reduced Haemophilus sputorum and elevated Prevotella histicola levels. Anxiety disorder diagnosis was associated with decreased Neisseria elongate and increased Oribacterium asaccharolyticum. P. histicola abundance was also positively associated with depressive scores and negatively associated with psychological quality of life. A higher abundance of Shuttleworthia and a lower abundance of Capnocytophaga were evident in those who reported a clinical periodontitis diagnosis. Functional prediction analysis revealed a potential role for tryptophan metabolism/degradation in the oral-brain axis, which was confirmed by lower plasma serotonin levels across symptomatic groups. Higher Eggerthia and lower Haemophilus parainfluenzae abundance were associated with reported clinical periodontitis diagnosis and psychotherapeutic efficacy. This study sheds light on the intricate interplay between oral microbiota, periodontal outcomes, and mental health, emphasizing the need for further exploration of the oral-brain axis to pave the way for novel therapeutic interventions and predicting therapeutic response.
Adsorption of amoxicillin by chitosan and alginate biopolymers composite beads.
Authors: Pinheiro Claudio Pereira , Tokura Beatriz Kaori , Germano Natália Soares , de Moraes Mariana Agostini , Bresolin Igor Tadeu Lazzarotto
Published: May 2024

Amoxicillin is one of the most used antibiotics worldwide, and due to incomplete metabolism in the human body or inadequate disposal, it has been detected in the receiving water bodies. One of the major concerns is the promotion of antibiotic resistance, as well as its toxicity to aquatic organisms such as fish, invertebrates, and algae, and its ability to disrupt the natural microbial communities in water bodies. Moreover, water and wastewater treatment plants struggle to effectively treat water contaminated with amoxicillin. Consequently, new processes need to be explored to complement traditional water and wastewater treatments. Adsorption, being a relatively economical and simple technique, appears promising for this purpose. Numerous adsorbents are found in the literature to adsorb drugs, however, the fabrication of all these adsorbents involves various complex steps and substances when compared to the chitosan and alginate beads. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the adsorption of amoxicillin on chitosan and alginate beads. The optimal pH was found to be 4 for both beads. The kinetics study indicates that external diffusion governs adsorption for alginate, while internal diffusion governs adsorption for chitosan. Thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that adsorption is a spontaneous and endothermic process.
Rupture of subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm after clavicle nonunion surgery in adolescents: a case report
Authors: Zhou Yuxing , Li Genhe , Liu Zhenjiang , Shen Chulong , Shen Zhaoxiong
Published: May 2024

Background Adolescent clavicle fractures usually have a satisfactory prognosis after conservative treatment and an extremely low incidence of nonunion. This article reports a rare case: a clavicle nonunion and congenital absence in most of the first-rib patients. He was found to have a ruptured subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm after clavicle nonunion surgery.
Case presentation A 15-year-old boy sustained a right clavicle fracture three years ago, which, left untreated, gradually progressed to clavicle nonunion. The patient came to our hospital for surgical treatment. The admission X-ray revealed mid-clavicle nonunion and congenital absence of most of the first rib. We performed open reduction and internal fixation of the clavicle nonunion after a thorough examination. A rupture of the subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm was found 2 days after surgery, and the patient was sent to emergency intervention for embolization of the subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm. The hematoma compression caused a brachial plexus nerve injury. The patient gradually recovered after rehabilitation.
Conclusions Congenital rib deformity in adolescents may be combined with peripheral vascular and nerve variations, and long-term compression of the subclavian artery by clavicle nonunion can aggravate vascular malformation. Such patients should prevent vascular rupture during surgery.
Comparative transcriptome investigation reveals defense responses against soft rot induced by Pectobacterium aroidearum and Pectobacterium carotovorum in Pinellia ternata
Authors: Luo Ming , Wang Mingxing , Xu Jiawei , Qu Kaili , Miao Yuhuan , Liu Dahui
Published: May 2024

Pectobacterium carotovorum and Pectobacterium aroidearum represent the primary pathogens causing variable soft rot disease. However, the fundamental defense responses of Pinellia ternatato pathogens remain unclear. Our investigation demonstrated that the disease produced by P. carotovorum is more serious than P. aroidearum. RNA-seq analysis indicated that many cell wall-related genes, receptor-like kinase genes, and resistance-related genes were induced by P. aroidearum and P. carotovorum similarly. But many different regulatory pathways exert a crucial function in plant immunity against P. aroidearum and P. carotovorum, including hormone signaling, whereas auxin-responsive genes were responsive to P. carotovorum, while ethylene and gibberellin-responsive genes were responsive to P. aroidearum. 12 GDSL esterase/lipase genes and 3 fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein genes were specifically upregulated by P. carotovorum, whereas 11 receptor-like kinase genes and 8 disease resistance genes were up-regulated only by P. aroidearum. Among them, a lectin gene (part1transcript/39001) was induced by P. carotovorum and P. aroidearum simultaneously. Transient expression in N. benthamianademonstrated that the lectin gene improves plant resistance to P. carotovorum. This study offers a comprehensive perspective on P. ternata immunity produced by different soft rot pathogens and reveals the importance of lectin in anti-soft rot of P. ternata for the first time.
The role of national nutrition programs on stunting reduction among under-two years’ children in Rwanda using machine learning classifiers. Author’s list
Authors: Munyemana Jacques , Kabano Ignace H. , Uzayisenga Bellancile , Cyamweshi Athanase Rusanganwa , Ndagijimana Emmanuel , Emmanuel Kubana
Published: May 2024

Background
In Rwanda, the prevalence of childhood stunting has slightly decreased over the past five years, from 38% to about 33% today. It is evident whether Rwanda's multi-sectorial approach to reducing child stunting is consistent with the available scientific knowledge. The study was to examine the benefits of national nutrition programs on stunting reduction under two years in Rwanda using ML classifiers.
Methods
Data from the Rwanda DHS 2015–2020, MEIS and LODA household survey were used. The model was constructed using five algorithms: Support Vector Machine, Logistic Regression, K-Near Neighbor, Random Forest, and Decision Tree. We estimated the hazard ratio for the Cox Proportional Hazard Model and drew the Kaplan-Meier curve to compare the survivor risk of being stunted between program beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries. Precision, recall, F1 score, accuracy, and Area under the Curve (AUC) are the metrics that were used to evaluate each classifier's performance to find the best one.
Results
Based on the provided data, the study revealed that the ECD program (OR = 0.406, 95 percent CI: 0.172–0.961, p-value = 0.041), NSDS program (OR = 0.463, 95 percent CI: 0.340-
The nexus between detection uncertainty and quantifying meteorological extremes of the Euro-Atlantic atmospheric rivers
Authors: Thandlam Venugopal , Rutgersson Anna , Sahlee Erik
Published: May 2024

While orographic and regional climate effects play a crucial role in how Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) affect the weather, it is essential to reduce uncertainty in detecting ARs to understand their impact on weather patterns better. This study delves into the relationship between AR detection uncertainty and the characterisation of meteorological extremes over the Euro-Atlantic region using long-term historical data from ERA5 during 1940-2022. Leveraging the Bayesian AR detection (BARD), a form of statistical machine learning model in the Toolkit for Extreme Climate Analysis (TECA), we examine AR detections and variability and their consequential impact on precipitation,
wind speeds and temperature patterns over Europe, the UK and Scandinavia. There is widespread uncertainty and disagreement among AR detections from 1024 sets of AR priories (detectors) from the model at a given instance, which led to a large spread in the aggregated detected AR probabilities (ARP) spatially and temporally. The study reveals significant differences in ARs’ attributes, such as frequency, intensity, and their impact on weather phenomena at selected probability thresholds across space and time. The magnitude of meteorological phenomena associated with ARs over land varies based on the chosen deciles of ARPs. Although AR frequencies and intensities are increasing in many parts of Europe and the UK, the effects of AR detection uncertainties are more prominent over inland Europe and Scandinavia than over coastal Europe and the UK. Using the
entire probability spectrum is an alternative to reduce uncertainty but may result in computational constraints and imprecise discernment of extreme events. Understanding meteorological extremes induced by AR uncertainties can help us develop effective strategies to mitigate hazards and adapt to changing climate conditions.
Breastfeeding in Children with Down Syndrome
Authors: Rodríguez Alejandra Ochoa , Puente Silvestre García de la , Arizmendi Karla Adney Flores , Robledo Tania Tonantzin Vargas
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Babies with Down syndrome (DS) present physical characteristics that can make breastfeeding difficult, including hypotonia of the muscles of the oral cavity and pharynx which can create problems with sucking and swallowing. Breastfeeding has proven beneficial for babies, and it is recommended to be exclusive for the first 6 months. However, babies born with DS have a higher probability of not being breastfed. Objective. Describe the frequency and characteristics of breastfeeding in children with DS at the National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City. Materials and Methods. This was an observational, descriptive, prospective, and cross-sectional study with 100 mothers concerning their breastfeeding experience, using the 2019 ENSANUT questionnaire. The analysis was performed with descriptive statistics. Results. The mothers reported that 98% of their babies had received mother’s milk at least once and that 64% had received infant formula in the first three days of life. The median duration of breastfeeding was three months; 32.4% of the babies were exclusively breastfed for 6 months. Risk factors for not being breastfed were problems with sucking, swallowing, and not providing feeding on demand, as well as improper technique. Conclusions. Only 32% of babies were exclusively breastfed, for various reasons.