bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ONLINE SPACES, IMPOSSIBLE IMAGINARIES, AND SYNTHETIC SOCIALITY
Authors: Sinnreich Aram , John Nicholas
Published: April 2023

Social media enable the formation of unprecedented numbers of ties, and allow for communication at an unprecedented scale. Features such as unfriending and muting on the one hand, and favoriting and “close friends” on the other, enable users to manage this abundance, allowing them to silence certain voices and to enhance certain others. These features create situations that sometimes cannot be mapped onto familiar offline scenarios. We argue that these new, sui generis situations instantiate a set of social architectures and imaginaries that we describe collectively using the term, synthetic sociality. We analogize these synthetically social situations with Derrida’s concept of écriture, through which written language is understood not as a derivative reflection of orality, but rather as a self-contained set of communicative capacities that precedes and surrounds oral communication. To exemplify the concept of synthetic sociality, we present three forms of “born digital” social transactions: the “block” feature in Facebook (which can create a situation in which not all parties to a conversation see the entirety of the conversation), the “restrict” feature in Instagram (in which a user can respond to a post though, unbeknownst to them, they have no audience), and “favorite” contacts in address book apps (which allow for their messages to rise to the top of the inbox). In none of these cases are the resulting social architectures easily analogized to those achievable in a physical social environment, crucially because at least one party to these synthetically social situations lacks full knowledge of it.
FOLLOW ME THROUGH INSTAGRAM: FRONT-STAGE, BACK-STAGE, AND INTIMATE-STAGE IN GIORGIA MELONI’S AND MATTEO RENZI’S PERFORMANCES OF CELEBRITY POLITICS
Authors: Starita Giovanni Daniele , Trillò Tommaso
Published: April 2023

Over the last decade, social media became an indispensable tool for political campaigning for populist political leaders, who successfully used social media to circumvent traditional media elite and establish a seemingly direct relationship with their constituents. Based on this premises and adopting the lens of “digital populism”, our study presents a visual analysis of the portraits and candid shots posted on Instagram by two Italian populist party leaders: Giorgia Meloni and Matteo Renzi. Specifically, we explore a corpus of 424 images featuring the two leaders and posted on their respective profiles during 2020 (266 for Meloni, 158 for Renzi). Our analysis mostly focuses on a crucial semiotic feature of these images: setting. Recognizing that digital photography contributes to the mutual construction of self and space, we argue that the Renzi and Meloni strategically use setting to negotiate the inherent tension between their status as celebrity politicians and the “claim to ordinariness” typical of their populist political style. Thus, we claim that the two leaders navigate this tension by selectively posting images set “on stage” (e.g., while being interviewed during a talk show), “behind the scenes” (e.g., while working in their office), or on an “intimate stage” (e.g., on a day hike with their family). In our conclusions we reflect on the notion that populism is endemic in Italian politics, suggesting its digital manifestations take different shapes depending on political narratives that charismatic leaders construct for themselves through different mixes of celebrity and micro-celebrity practices.
IS THERE A TEMPLATE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVISM? – A STUDY OF UGANDAN LGBT+ ORGANIZATIONS’ DIGITAL SPACES
Authors: Strand Cecilia Karolina , Svensson Jakob
Published: April 2023

Albeit criminalization against same-sex desires is a remnant of the British colonialization, the 2009 Anti-homosexuality Bill, catapulted Ugandan state-sponsored homophobia into the international spotlight. The ensuing battle over the Bill between on one hand, local and international human rights defenders including Northern development partners and transnational conservative and religious norm entrepreneurs in partnership with local religious and political elites, on the other; highlighted that domestic identity and sexual politics are no longer local affairs.

Through a qualitative directed content analysis, the study explore to what degree six established Ugandan LGBT+ organizations engage with international norm entrepreneurs’ attempts to influence Ugandan social mores on non-heteronormative sexuality and non-conforming gender identities, in their self-controlled digital spaces - websites and Facebook- during January 2022.

With few exceptions, digital spaces displayed a conspicuous uniform human rights advocacy rhetoric, where same-sex desires and gender identities are presented in essentialist terms as in LGBT+ and universal sexual rights, as opposed to sexual desires and gender identities as embedded and realized in a unique social contexts, that at least in the Ugandan context historically has include significant pluralism and multi-positionality. LGBT+ organizations’ did not discuss the impact of waves of international norm entrepreneurs’ attempts to define and influence the struggle for equal rights, and subsequent potential re-colonialization of Ugandan understandings of sexual desires outside the heteronormative model and non-conforming gender identities. The level of rhetorical uniformity could suggests the existence of a latent template for activism, which could be an unintended consequence of dependency on international funding.
OUR DATA BODIES. RE-FRAMING OUR CONCEPTUAL AND NORMATIVE RELATIONSHIP WITH PERSONAL DATA
Authors: Suárez-Gonzalo Sara , López-Gabrielidis Alejandra
Published: April 2023

The rapid development of data-driven technologies has led to manifold concerns on how to protect citizens from the effects of massive data exploitation, especially when “personal data” are at stake, since they are the object of a fundamental right. Personal data are legally defined as any information “relating to” an identified or identifiable natural person, the right holder. However, it is unclear in which particular sense personal data relate to a person: which is the specific type of direct connection between them. In our view, this is a crucial question both from a conceptual and a normative point of view that the academic literature has not yet addressed in enough depth. In light of this, our paper aims at advancing knowledge towards a more accurate conception of our relationship with personal data. To do so, we firstly discuss the main recent conceptions on the issue: data as property, data as raw material and data as labour. Secondly, we argue why none of them seems to be accurate from a conceptual point of view or desirable from a socio-political perspective. Finally, we propose to understand personal data as _part of oneself_ and our relationship with them as the one we have with our bodies or their parts, with _our data bodies_. We end up discussing the implications of the proposed conception, both from a conceptual and from a normative perspective.
PARENTS’ DIGITAL COPING RESOURCES WITH ONGOING POLITICAL CONFLICTS
Authors: Yeshua-Katz Daphna , Shapira Stav , Braun-Lewensohn Orna
Published: April 2023

Mobile technologies such as the instant messaging application WhatsApp have become significant resources for information and social support in times of crisis, as well as for crisis communication. In times of crisis, these applications afford the exchange of real-time information and can influence users' coping behaviors. Conversely, they have also been reported to constitute a potential source of misinformation and increased exposure to emotional distress. To date, the role WhatsApp groups play for individuals, families, and communities living in regions affected by ongoing conflicts has yet to be investigated.

This research draws upon the salutogenic and ecological theories to examine parents' digital coping processes with political violence in southern Israel. To this end, the study examines the types of coping resources provided in local online parent groups (OPGs) during violence escalation and relative calm periods. The study involves a mixed-methods approach comprising qualitative in-depth interviews with 15 couples who are parents of children under the age of 17 residing in communities near the Israel-Gaza border and an online ethnography of four local OPGs. Study findings reveal three levels of parents' coping resources on OPGs: personal, family, and communal digital coping resources. In addition, four WhatsApp affordances immediacy, reachability, mobility, and multimediality—contributed to WhatsApp's role as a shared and ubiquitous coping resource. This study expands the original models and core concepts of the salutogenic and ecological paradigms traditionally studied solely in offline environments and examines the effectiveness of digital contexts in helping parents cope with an ongoing collective stressor.
PATHWAYS TO RADICALISM: EXAMINING ONLINE COMMUNITY AND POLITICAL PATHWAYS TO MORE RADICAL BELIEFS ON REDDIT
Authors: Zulli Diana , Mann Marcus , Foote Jeremy , Ku Emily , Primm Emily
Published: April 2023

Recent research shows that “algorithmic radicalization” and “echo chambers”—the idea that recommendation algorithms on social media have a strong independent effect on radicalization and silo people into ideologically homogeneous communities—are not as prevalent nor influential as once feared. Yet, online political discourse is as toxic as ever while political misinformation continues to plague social media platforms. This begs the question: If algorithms aren’t encouraging radicalization, then what is producing it? Drawing from church-sect theory, this study interviews politically active Reddit users to better understand _how_ they arrived at their current media use, online engagement, and political beliefs. Results show that participants have a deep mistrust of mainstream media, leading them to seek alternative sources of political content. Reddit participation is also driven by a desire for “earnest” political discussions with like-minded individuals and cross-partisans, in part to “reject” partisan polarization. Despite engaging on more extreme subreddits, participants said their beliefs were unchanged, but that other Redditors had moved to more extreme beliefs over time. And, participants perceived their Reddit participation as necessary to _prevent_ radicalization and partisan polarization. Collectively, these results provide preliminary insight into the media and social/psychological pathways that could lead to online radicalization, providing an alternative explanation to algorithmic radicalization. This study also underscores the importance of interrogating the ecological pathways to radicalization for researchers and policy-makers; future interventions should account for attribution bias and the individual-level factors related to radicalization.
An Analysis of Hadith Science and Interpretation; A Review on Volume one of Khair Ul-Mafatih Sharh Mishkwat Ul-Masabih
Authors: Saeedi Muhamad Zaffar Iqbal , Bibi Amna , Younas Nazia , Shah Syed Yousaf
Published: April 2023

Islam is a complete code of life. There are five true sources that serve to derive Islamic law and jurisprudence to regulate the vital life chores of world. These Islamic sources include Quraan, Hadith, Ijtehad (Progressive reasoning), Ijma (consensus) and Qiyas (analogy). Among these Quran and Hadith find the supreme authority. Hadith further explains the sayings and acts of Hazrat Muhamad (peeace be upon him) that are greatly vital to address the various issues rising from various orientations of day to day life. Amidst all the fields of Hadith, the interpretation of Hadith is the most crucial. A great attention and care is exercised in this regard because it can either annihilate the real meaning or can comprehend it to its upright status. In this article, fully focused study is undertaken to explain the importance of Hadith science and its functions in human society. Examples from the text and related arguments have been presented to clear the understanding of the common reader.
Factores de riesgo y cambios histopatológicos asociados al desarrollo del cáncer cervicouterino en pacientes de la región de Tiquipaya 2014-2017
Authors: Carvallo Soria Ruth Sofia , Yaksic Muñoz Camilo , Suárez Córdova Daphné Gabriela , Torrico Vargas Mauricio Rodrigo
Published: April 2023

El principal factor de riesgo que predispone al desarrollo de lesiones epiteliales e intraepiteliales, que posteriormente prosperan en neoplasia cervicouterina, es la infección por el virus del papiloma humano. Se realizó un trabajo de investigación de tipo retrospectivo, transversal y descriptivo con el objetivo de analizar los factores relacionados con el desarrollo de lesiones preneoplásicas y neoplásicas cervicouterinas y su conexión con las actividades preventivas y salud reproductiva en mujeres de diversas edades.

El universo estudiado estuvo comprendido por 41 pacientes de sexo femenino que asistieron al gabinete semiológico de la Universidad Privada del Valle para la toma de muestras para examen (endocérvix y exocérvix) histopatológico de Papanicolau, cuyas edades oscilaron entre los 19 y 60 años. Los resultados muestran que el 100 % de los pacientes tienen un grado elevado de riesgo (PAPIII) y las lesiones displásicas presentan infección por el virus del papiloma humano. El promedio de edad fue de 38,4 años en pacientes con lesiones displásicas intraepiteliales. El número de embarazos llegados a término promedio por los pacientes con un grado de PAP alto era de 3. Los agentes etiológicos causales de inflamación con mayor predominancia fueron Candida albicans en un 48,78 % y Gardnerella vaginalis en un 43,9 %.

Se concluye que los principales factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de lesiones intraepiteliales inflamatorias preneoplásicas son la infección por Virus del Papiloma humano, la edad y el número de embarazos llegados a término.
Índice de necesidad de tratamiento ortodóncico evaluado en los pacientes de la Especialidad de Ortodoncia de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit del 2014 al 2017
Authors: Del Real Villagrana Manuel , Flores Carrillo Claudia Leticia , Gutiérrez Rojo Jaime Fabián , Guerrero Castellón Martha Patricia
Published: April 2023

El índice de necesidad de tratamiento ortodóncico se desarrolló en el Reino Unido por Brook y Shaw en 1989. Este índice prioriza y clasifica las maloclusiones según las necesidades de tratamiento. Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo, transversal y observacional con el objetivo de determinar el grado de maloclusión y la necesidad de tratamiento ortodóncico en los pacientes de la Especialidad de Ortodoncia de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit del 2014 al 2017, donde se evaluaron 202 modelos de estudio de pretratamiento de ortodoncia de la clínica de dicha universidad con un calibrador digital marca Mitutoyo, una computadora y el programa Microsoft Office Excel para tabular la información y realizar la estadística descriptiva.  Los resultados muestran que el componente de salud dental presentó un promedio de 2,51 ± 1,07 (donde el 84,3 % necesitaba algún tipo de tratamiento de ortodoncia). El promedio del componente estético fue de 4,9 ± 2,54 y tan sólo el 45,61 % necesitaba ortodoncia. Respecto al componente de salud dental, el 83,51 % de las mujeres y el 85,14 % de los hombres necesitaba algún tipo de tratamiento de ortodoncia. Sin embargo, sólo el 44,33 % de mujeres y el 48,65 % en hombres necesitaba algún tipo de tratamiento de ortodoncia. Se concluye que existe una mayor necesidad de tratamiento de ortodoncia al utilizar el componente de salud dental que cuando se utiliza el componente estético. Los hombres presentaron una mayor necesidad de tratamiento de ortodoncia que las mujeres al evaluarlos con ambos índices.
Eficacia de la sedación natural en pacientes sometidos a procedimientos quirúrgicos en la Clínica Odontológica UNIVALLE, Cochabamba 2017
Authors: Guarayo Molina Edwin , Aguilar Sánchez Nicolás , Claros Martínez Ximena , Revollo Sandoval Nayra , Rojas Mhur Daily , Alvarez Galindo Lourdes
Published: April 2023

La caries dental, traumatismos y otros cuadros pueden ser tan severos que no permitan la restauración del diente afectado, el que tendría que ser eliminado a través de un procedimiento quirúrgico que genera ansiedad en el paciente. En la actualidad, se dispone de muchos fármacos para el control de la ansiedad, una alternativa son los compuestos a base de plantas naturales como el Sedativol@. Se realizó un trabajo de investigación de tipo prospectivo, transversal y analítico con el objetivo de determinar la eficacia de este compuesto en pacientes sometidos a quirúrgicos. El universo estuvo constituido por 60 pacientes distribuidos en cuatro grupos: control, placebo, exodoncias simples y quirúrgicas. Las variables empleadas fueron: presión arterial, pulso y nivel de ansiedad, todas registradas antes del procedimiento quirúrgico y durante los dos controles realizados a los 30 y 60 minutos de la ingesta del Sedativol@ o La caries dental, traumatismos y otros cuadros placebo. Los resultados encontrados manifiestan el Sedativol@ no tiene efecto definido sobre los valores de presión arterial y pulso, lo que puede deberse a factores particulares de cada paciente. En los diferentes grupos de estudio se observó una reducción del nivel de ansiedad, tanto al primer como al segundo control. ElSedativol@ demostró ser eficaz en la reducción del nivel de ansiedad en los pacientes que fueron sometidos a procedimientos quirúrgicos.
Malnutrición y tabaquismo como factores predisponentes para gingivitis ulceronecrotizante: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Flores Ramos Janeth Liliam , Sanz Valencia Gloria Patricia , Mollo López Judith Rocío , Salame Villafani Layla Fayruz , Maldonado Rivera Luis Marcelo , Rojas Retamozo Alan Ricardo , Vidal Chavarría Sara Diandra
Published: April 2023

La gingivitis ulcero necrotizante es una infección gingival aguda en la cual se presenta infeccion e inflamación de los tejidos periodontales. Se caracteriza por necrosis y ulceración de la papila gingival, dolor y sangrado espontáneo, sabor desagradable y halitosis, con invasión bacteriana principalmente de espiroquetas y fusobacterias. A medida que la gingivitis ulcero necrotizante progresa, se produce la pérdida extensa de hueso, por lo que esta es una enfermedad grave y notable. 

En su etiología están implicados factores dependientes de la microbiota con fenómeno de invasión y factores relacionados con el huésped (alteración capilar e inmunológica y desnutrición). Se presenta un caso clínico de gingivitis ulcero necrotizante en un paciente masculino de 23 años, quien recibió el tratamiento respectivo con resultados muy satisfactorios; además, se discutió la importancia de tomar en cuenta un programa de soporte y mantenimiento eficaz con revisiones periódicas para disminuir el riesgo de recurrencias.
Eficacia de desinfección de pernos colados con descontaminación previa en detergente enzimático realizada en la Clínica Odontológica Univalle. 2017
Authors: Flores Zamorano Lidia , Maldonado Gómez García María Rebeca
Published: April 2023

La rehabilitación de piezas dentarias no vitales con gran destrucción coronaria precisa de un perno colado intrarradicular desinfectado que brinde soporte a la corona definitiva. Se realizó una investigación in vitro de tipo prospectivo, transversal y analítico con el objetivo de determinar la eficacia de desinfección de pernos colados con descontaminación previa en detergente enzimático. El universo fueron 40 pernos colados, inmersos en caldo de Tripticasa soya y, posteriormente, las muestras fueron cultivadas en Agar Sangre y MacConkey para la identificación de microorganismos. El grupo control comprendió seis pernos sin tratamiento, muestras que resultaron positivas a la presencia de microorganismos. Las muestras de seis pernos descontaminados con detergente enzimático por 10' fueron positivas y a 20' de inmersión resultaron negativas. En cuatro pernos descontaminados y desinfectados con alcohol isopropílico al 70% por 10' y 20' se obtuvieron resultados positivos. Los siguientes tres grupos constituidos por cuatro pernos cada uno, descontaminados con detergente enzimático y desinfectados con clorhexidina al 2%, hipoclorito de sodio al 2,5% y glutaraldehído al 2% respectivamente, resultaron negativos. Similar resultado se encontró al desinfectar cuatro pernos con alcohol isopropílico al 70% sin descontaminación previa. En cuatro pernos desinfectados solo con clorhexidina al 2% por 5' se encontró resultado positivo y a 15' el resultado fue negativo, los últimos cuatro pernos fueron desinfectados únicamente en glutaraldehído al 2% por 10', encontrándose resultado positivo, y a 20' negativo. Se sugiere aplicar el protocolo de descontaminación y desinfección de pernos colados, para evitar contaminación del conducto radicular estéril.
Lesiones en mucosas producidas por prótesis dental removible en pacientes de la Clínica OdontolÓgica Univalle, Cochabamba, 2016
Authors: Ugarte Antezana Tania , Revollo Sandoval Nayra
Published: April 2023

La pérdida dentaria parcial o total es motivo de preocupación según transcurre la vida de una persona, esta afecta el cotidiano vivir de quien lo padece, en lo estético, psicológico, físico y funcional. Se realizó un trabajo de investigación de tipo prospectivo, transversal y descriptivo con el objetivo de evaluar la prevalencia de lesiones bucales relacionadas con el uso de prótesis removible. La muestra estuvo constituida por 51 pacientes portadores de prótesis removible con edades que fluctuaron entre 38 a 92 años. 33 pacientes (65%) de sexo femenino y 18 pacientes (35%) de sexo masculino. Se confeccionaron historias clínicas prostodónticas de las que se recopilaron datos que fueron tabulados en el programa Excel v. 15; las figuras fueron realizadas en el paquete estadístico SPSS v.18. Los resultados evidencian que las lesiones paraprotéticas con mayor prevalencia fueron la estomatitis subprotésica hallada en 25 pacientes (49%) y épulis fisurado o hiperplasia paraprotética en 14 pacientes (27,5%). Respecto a la estomatitis subprotésica, en el estudio realizado en la Clínica Odontológica Univalle Cochabamba, pacientes de sexo femenino fueron las más afectadas con 63,3% y pacientes de sexo masculino presentaron un 36,7%, esta mayor tendencia de daño para el sexo femenino puede deberse a los cambios hormonales experimentados por las mujeres, especialmente luego de la menopausia. La recomendación final debe enfocarse en educación sobre higiene oral y control periódico post instalación de la prótesis removible.
Diagnóstico y tratamiento del retraso en la erupción por causa de mesiodens: reporte de caso
Authors: Mollo López Judith , Flores Ramos Janeth Lilian , Averanga Huber Claros , Condori Espinoza Mayra Rossio
Published: April 2023

Los dientes supernumerarios son un problema de desarrollo muy frecuente en niños. El mesiodens es un diente supernumerario presente en la línea media entre los incisivos centrales. Su etiología no está totalmente clara, aunque se considera la hiperactividad de la lámina dental como factor determinante. Entre las complicaciones que puede dar lugar el mesiodens están: retraso en la erupción, erupción ectópica, rotación de los incisivos permanentes y diastema en la línea media lo cual altera la oclusión y por consiguiente la estética. Otros hallazgos que se cree que se deben a la presencia de dientes supernumerarios son la reabsorción de la raíz de dientes permanentes, formación de quistes, y erupcion del diente supernumerario en la cavidad nasal. Por lo tanto, es importante que el clínico diagnostique el mesiodens oportunamente para permitir un tratamiento óptimo pero minimo, el mismo que consiste en la remoción quirúrgica de la pieza supernumeraria. La intervención oportuna no solo previene la maloclusión sino también el tiempo necesario para la corrección de la ortodoncia.

El objetivo del presente trabajo es informar del abordaje quirúrgico y ortodóntico de un paciente masculino de 8 años, para el tratamiento de un diente supernumerario y la ausencia del incisivo central derecho. En conclusión, la presencia de un mesiodens produce el retraso de la erupción de los incisivos superiores, signo que debe alertarnos para un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno.
Feature Extraction for Big Data Using AI
Authors: V Jalajakshi , A N Myna
Published: April 2023

Internet around the world is producing loads of data every second in different ways, the speed of this information is being spread across the corners of the globe in very few seconds. A multi-feature information retrieval approach is utilized, and predicated on this, an ai - powered big data MFE scheme is intended, with the regular news framework as an application example, where it would be expanded, and necessary analysis is performed. This method is taken to the algorithm design of hot event identification using a news article as the sender. As a result, a twostage multi-function fusion clustering l. To analyze keywords, a multi-functional fusion model is created in the first step, which combines word frequency and a part of speech attribute. We use it to extract keywords that describe current events and news.
Samhandling med pårørende og profesjonelle tjenester: erfaringer til pasienter med varige psykiske helseutfordringer
Authors: Gamme Wenke Iren , Danbolt Lars Johan , Hynnekleiv Torfinn
Published: April 2023

Purpose and background: This study explores patients with severe and persistent mental health challenges in a municipality and their experiences of collaboration. The patient group has complex needs and is dependent on cross-disciplinary services. Methods: Every patient with severe and persistent mental health challenges in the municipality (208 in total) was invited, of which 106 participated in semi-structured interviews which were then qualitatively analyzed through systematic text condensation. Results and implications: The patients expressed a fundamental need for understanding of their long-term illness and associated needs. The users expressed satisfaction with the understanding from and collaboration with relatives. The participants sought more respect in their relationships with the professional services and for the professional services to take responsibility for collaboration, particularly regarding comprehensive measures that included somatic problems. Further and more specific development work ought to be carried out with the patients to optimize collaboration. Keywords: collaboration, mental health care, severe and persistent mental illness
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF HYPERGLYCEMIA ON THE POSTOPERATIVE COURSE IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC SURGERY IN PEDIATRICS
Authors: НАЛИБАЕВ А.Ш. , КАЛИАКБАРОВА М.Ж.
Published: April 2023

В статье представлены результаты ретроспективного анализа 117 пациентов с врожденными пороками сердца (ВПС), перенесших кардиохирургическое оперативное вмешательство. Исследование проводилось в отделении анестезиологии и реанимации кардиохирургии на базе Научного центра педиатрии и детской хирургии. В исследование были включены дети от 1 дня жизни до 2 лет с ВПС. Наличие сопутствующих заболеваний не рассматривалось. В ходе исследования было произведено измерение уровня глюкозы в операционный и послеоперационный периоды. Гипергликемия встречалась у 85,5% пациентов и разрешалась самостоятельно в течение 24 часов. Гипергликемия распространена среди детей после кардиохирургического вмешательства. Было оценено влияние гипергликемии на послеоперационное течение у пациентов, определялась связь между гипергликемией и неблагоприятными исходами после кардиохирургических операций. Не было отмечено статистической корреляции между гипергликемией и диагнозом или типом оперативного вмешательства.

Мақалада хирургиялық емдеуден өткен туа біткен жүрек кемістігі бар 117 науқасты ретроспективті талдау нәтижелері келтірілген. Зерттеу Педиатрия және балалар хирургиясы ғылыми орталығының анестезиология және жан сақтау бөлімінде жүргізілді. Зерттеуге өмірдің 1 күннен 2 жасқа дейінгі балалар кірді. Қосалқы аурулар ескерілмеді. Зерттеу барысында операция және операция кейінгі кезендегі глюкоза деңгейі өлшенді. Гипергликемия 85,5%-нда пайда болды және 24 сағат ішінде өздігінен қалпына келді. Зерттеуде гипергликемияның операциядан кейінгі кезенге әсері бағаланды, гипергликемия мен кардиохирургиялық операциядан кейінгі қолайсыз нәтижелер арасындағы байланысты бағаланды. Гипергликемия және операция түрі арасында статистикалық байланыс болған жоқ.

The article presents the results of a retrospective analysis of 117 patients with congenital heart defects who underwent cardiac surgery. The study was conducted in the department of anesthesiology and intensive care of cardiac surgery at the Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery. The study included children from 1 day of life to 2 years. The presence of concomitant diseases was not considered. Glucose levels were measured during the surgical and postoperative periods. Hyperglycemia occurred in 85,5% of patients and was resolved independently within 24 hours. The effect of hyperglycemia on the postoperative course was evaluated, the relationship between hyperglycemia and adverse outcomes after cardiac surgery was determined. There was no statistical correlation between hyperglycemia and the diagnosis or type of surgery.
Kilka uwag o pojęciu „sprawiedliwość”
Authors: Rosner Andrzej
Published: April 2023

Sprawiedliwość jest jedną z podstawowych wartości etyki, co powoduje, że podobnie jak inne wartości (dobro, prawda, piękno) pojęcie sprawiedliwości ma silny dodatni ładunek emocjonalny. Z tego względu termin ten jest często wykorzystywany w tzw. logice perswazyjnej, służy wówczas do manipulacji poglądami i postawami. Jest nadużywany dla osiągnięcia celów politycznych, ekonomicznych, społecznych itp. Z punktu widzenia formalnego można wyróżnić wiele zasad sprawiedliwości dystrybucyjnej, takich jak: „każdemu to samo”, „każdemu według zasług” itp. Wybór zasady sprawiedliwego podziału nagród lub kar jest arbitralną decyzją, są one równie poprawne. Ważne jest jedynie, aby obdarowywani spełniający w równym stopniu przyjętą zasadę byli traktowani w ten sam sposób. Sam wybór zasady dystrybucji, nagradzania lub karania jest wskaźnikiem światopoglądu decydującego o tym wyborze. W praktyce jednak często wartość etyczna służy do uzasadnienia wyboru, który w rzeczywistości podejmowany jest ze względów pragmatycznych. Uzasadnienie tego wyboru wykorzystuje mechanizmy manipulacji związane z logiką perswazji.
On the Notion of Justice
Authors: Rosner Andrzej
Published: April 2023

Justice is one of the basic values of ethics, which means that, like other values (good, truth, beauty), the concept of justice has a strong positive emotional charge. For this reason, the term is often used in persuasive logic, it is then used to manipulate views and attitudes. It is used to the extent to achieve political, economic, and social goals, etc. From the formal point of view, a number of principles of distributive justice can be distinguished, such as: the same to everyone, the same according to the contribution, etc. The choice of the principle of fair distribution of rewards or penalties is an arbitrary decision, they are equally correct. It is only important that the recipients who equally meet the adopted principle are treated equally. The very choice of distribution, reward or punishment principle is an indicator of the worldview that determines this choice. In practice, however, ethical value is often used to justify a choice that is in fact made for pragmatic reasons. The justification for this choice uses manipulation mechanisms related to the logic of persuasion.
Obchody Jubileuszu 50-lecia Instytutu Rozwoju Wsi i Rolnictwa Polskiej Akademii Nauk
Authors: Halamska Maria , Wilczynska Elwira
Published: April 2023

Obchody Jubileuszu 50-lecia Instytutu Rozwoju Wsi i Rolnictwa Polskiej Akademii Nauk.
Military Conflict in Fourteenth-Century Castile and the Rise of Mayorazgo
Authors: Villalon Andrew
Published: April 2023

Mayorazgo is a conditional property tenure that arose in the central Iberian kingdom of Castile during the later Middle Ages and by 1500 had come to dominate property holding within that kingdom’s aristocracy. An estate held in mayorazgo could not be alienated from the family’s possession or divided among heirs. Instead, it had to be passed down intact to the next in line. Mayorazgo continued as a significant economic force in Iberia until its disestablishment in 1836. While primarily utilized for holding landed wealth, a family mayorazgo could also incorporate rents and material items, such as money, arms and armor, artwork and books, documents—in short, anything the family wished to maintain possession of over time. Although the origins of mayorazgo date at least as far back as the mid-thirteenth century, this form of tenure underwent a great expansion during and because of warfare that dominated the peninsula during the second half of the fourteenth century—warfare that brought the Trastámaran dynasty to the throne when Enrique II “the Bastard” assassinated his legitimate half brother, Pedro I “the Cruel,” and seized the throne. This article examines mayorazgo and how the wars of the period promoted its growth.
Questioning Sardità―Approaches to Island Identity Issues in the Mediterranean
Authors: Hock Jonas , Linzmeier Laura
Published: April 2023

This article analyzes a bundle of tensions tied to the (self-)representations of the larger Mediterranean subnational islands: island-specific identities are often used in aspiring to political independence and in moving toward linguistic unification, even when they run counter to historically evolved complexity and contemporary cultural heterogeneity. Taking Sardinia as an example, this article questions the construction of sardità along two main axes: language policy and literary production. The authors begin by noting that Sardinian often serves as an umbrella term for several local linguistic varieties whose attribution to that language is in part contested. The authors next assert that the self-conception of the islanders, as reflected in Sardinian literature, is also partly stamped by outside perspectives. Focusing on the case of Sardinia, but with comparative outlooks on Corsica and Sicily, this article shows that the tensions between homogenization trends and cultural-linguistic complexity undermine and at the same time found claims of island exceptionalism.
Accuracy of visual inspection, cytology and colposcopy in the diagnosis of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Kuerten Beatriz Maykot , Kanzler Sandro Aparecido , Fedrizzi Edison Natal
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Cervical cancer is still one of the leading causes of cancer and mortality in women, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Normally, the prevention of its occurrence is done through efficient screening and treatment programs for high-grade epithelial lesions, which are pre-malignant lesions. Cheaper diagnostic techniques ensure greater access to women, which can prevent a large number of cancer cases worldwide. Objective:The aim of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of visual inspection either with acetic acid or with Lugol’s iodine, cervical cytology and colposcopy in the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 and 3. Methods: This is a study of diagnostic accuracy. We evaluated 115 women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion confirmed by biopsy, 54 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 and 61 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3, from January 2016 to December 2018 at the Lower Genital Tract Pathology and Colposcopy Service of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil. A comparative analysis of the visual inspection, Pap smear and colposcopy diagnostic methods was performed. Results: The average age was 33.1 years (standard deviation=9.83) for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 cases and 35.2 years (standard deviation=7.97) for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3. In the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 group, visual inspection tests were positive for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in 98.1% of the cases with acetic acid and 94.4% with Lugol’s iodine. Colposcopy identified a probable high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in 94.4% of the cases, while cytology only in 42.6%. In the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3 group, the visual inspection tests were positive for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in 91.8% of the cases with acetic acid and 95.1% with Lugol’s iodine. Colposcopy identified a probable high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in 93.5% of the cases, while cytology in 65.6%. Conclusion: Visual inspection with acetic acid and Lugol’s iodine, and colposcopy test were more accurate for the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 and 3 than through cytopathology.
Mastite granulomatosa idiopática
Authors: Raimundo Cecília Daher Ribeiro , Perfete Samara Carvalho , Crud Raphaella dos Santos Maia , Fontes Tereza Maria Pereira , Mendonça Kátia Alvim , Santos Roberto Luiz Carvalhosa dos
Published: April 2023

Introdução: A mastite granulomatosa idiopática é uma doença inflamatória benigna e rara da mama de etiologia desconhecida, não responsiva a antibioticoterapia convencional, mas que pode estar associada a alguns agentes etiológicos, como Staphylococcus aureus em 13% dos casos. Relato de caso: Paciente de 27 anos foi encaminhada ao hospital com quadro de mastite crônica (evolução de cinco meses), com formação de abscessos e drenagens espontâneas, sem resposta terapêutica com o uso de cefalexina. Havia tido três gestações e amamentado por poucos dias cada filho. Ao exame clínico das mamas em 21 de julho de 2021: ambas tinham mamilo invertido, a direita era maior que a esquerda e apresentava duas fístulas em fase de cicatrização em quadrante inferior lateral e área de flutuação com sinais logísticos medindo 6 cm na união dos quadrantes superiores da mama aumentada. O exame revelou múltiplos nódulos heterogêneos na mama direita, medindo o maior 3,3 × 1,4 cm e localizando-se no quadrante superior lateral. Observou-se ainda um nódulo de natureza mista (cístico e sólido) na união dos quadrantes mediais da mesma mama, medindo 9,2 × 0,9 cm. Foi realizada a drenagem do abscesso e o material foi enviado para cultura e antibiograma e exame citológico. No acompanhamento da paciente, ela não respondeu ao tratamento com clindamicina 600 mg associado a metronidazol. Diante do resultado da cultura inespecífica (estafilococos áureos) foi prescrita rifampicina por apresentar a menor concentração inibitória (MIC≤0,03). Nesse dia foi realizada core biopsy, solicitaram-se exames para a pesquisa de tuberculose e de Mycobacterium tuberculosis na secreção mamária. O resultado da core biopsy revelou ausência de malignidade. Ao exame clínico, a paciente começava a apresentar melhora, o que nos fez manter a rifampicina. Ela retornou com melhora clínica do quadro e todos os exames de pesquisa de tuberculose negativos. Após manter a medicação por quatro meses, retornou com resolução completa do quadro inflamatório, com cicatrização das fístulas e não percepção, à palpação, das nodulações na mama direita. Conclusão: A tuberculose mamária deve ser considerada no diagnóstico diferencial de qualquer caso de massa mamária dolorosa, mastite ou abscesso mamário que pareça refratário à terapia convencional, sobretudo em áreas endêmicas de tuberculose. Seu reconhecimento e diferenciação de uma patologia maligna da mama é absolutamente necessária. O diagnóstico baseia-se na suspeita clínica e nos achados histopatológicos. Em algumas situações a cultura específica para BK não detecta o bacilo, e a necessidade de terapia com antituberculínicos impõe-se. No caso de nossa paciente, houve regressão do processo infeccioso e das fístulas apenas com a rifampicina por quatro meses.
Efficacy of Some Herbicides on Growth, Tuber Production and Viability of Purple Nut-sedge (Cyperus rotundus L.)*
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed Abdel Halim , Ali Eltom E. , Elamin Salah E.
Published: April 2023

An experiment was conducted at the Sugarcane ResearchCenter, Guneid, during 2004/05 and 2005/06 seasons to evaluate theefficacy of some foliar herbicides on the growth of purple nutsedge(Cyperus rotundus L.) and to assess the effect of the treatments on theproduction and viability of tubers. The products tested were Krismat 75WG (Trifloxysulfuron-sodium+ametryn) at three rates (1.79, 2.38 and2.98 kg product ha-1 ) and Envoke 75 WG (Trifloxysulfuron-sodium) atthree rates (0.025, 0.030 and 0.035 kg product ha-1 ). Ametryn (Gesapax50 FW) + Atrazine (Gesaprim 50 FW) were used at the recommendedrates (3.81 L + 3.81 L product/ha), as a control. The results showed thatstatistically significant control of purple nut-edge was attained by allchemical treatments compared with the untreated check. Envoke 75 WGat 0.035 kg product/ha and the standard mixture of Gesapax + Gesaprimat its recommended rate significantly (P=0.05) reduced the number ofpurple nut-sedge compared with the untreated check. Gesapax +Gesaprim gave the lowest number of green leaves per plant. Envoke 75WG and Krismat 75 WG showed consistent reductions in tuberproduction and sprouting. Therefore, their successive application maylead to persistence and continuous reduction in the population density ofpurple nut-sedge in the fields of sugarcane.
Effect of Two Sudanese Cooking Methods on the Nutritional Value of Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Variety Draga
Authors: Elfaki Ahmed E. , Abbsher Afaf M.
Published: April 2023

This work was carried out to assess the nutritive value of dragavariety of potato which was subjected to two cooking methods (boilingand frying). Proximate chemical analysis, minerals content, amino acidscontent and sensory evaluation were studied. Boiling resulted ininsignificant decrease in protein, ash, fat and starch and increase in fibreand a significant decrease in total carbohydrates, while frying increasedall tested components (protein, ash, fat, fibre, starch and totalcarbohydrates ). Generally, boiling and frying decreased significantly Na,K, P and Mg contents, while Fe was significantly increased. Ca wassignificantly increased by frying, while it was significantly decreased byboiling. The amino acids results showed that the two methods of cookingdestructed phenylalanine, methionine, tyrosine and lysine. However,arginine was destructed by boiling only. Tryptophan recorded completeabsence in all samples (raw, fried and boiled). Other amino acids (leucine,isoleucine, valine, histidine, aspartic acid, serine, glutamine and glycine)decreased by boiling and frying. Sensory evaluation revealed that therewas no significant difference between the two methods of cooking withregard to texture and colour. However, flavour, taste and overall qualityof fried potatoes were more acceptable than boiled ones.
Performance of Sudan Desert Sheep Fed Different Nitrogen Levels in Molasses-based Fattening Rations
Authors: Lutfi Asim A. A. , Fadl Soad A.
Published: April 2023

Twenty-four yearling uncastrated males of Sudan desert sheep(Hamari ecotype), ranging in weight between 26 and 30 kg, were used ina completely randomized design with the objective of studying the effectof feeding different nitrogen levels (14.5%, 16.7% and 18.7% crudeprotein) in complete isocaloric molasses-based fattening diets on sheepperformance, some rumen metabolites (ammonia nitrogen) and blood ureanitrogen. There was no significant treatment effect on average finalweight, average daily gain, daily dry matter intake, daily water intake orfeed conversion ratio. There was a tendency of increased growth rate anddry matter intake with the increase of nitrogen level. The best feedconversion ratio was found at 14.5% crude protein, whereas 16.7% crudeprotein exhibited the least. There was a significant (P<0.05) treatmenteffect on rumen pH when samples were taken before feeding. Treatmenthad no significant effect on ammonia nitrogen or blood urea nitrogenwhen samples were taken before and six hours after feeding. However,treatment failed also to induce a significant (P<0.05) effect on ammonianitrogen three hours after feeding.
Nutritional and Physiological Responses of Sudan Desert Sheep and Nubian Goats to Water Restriction
Authors: Hassouna Sulafa M. H. , Lutfi Asim A. A.
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted to compare the nutrient utilization,concentration of some rumen metabolites, blood urea nitrogen and somephysiological responses to water restriction in Sudan desert sheep andNubian goats. Three yearling uncastrated intact males from each species,averaging 18.37 kg (for sheep) and 13.21 kg (for goats), were randomlyallotted to four treatments in a completely randomized block design witha 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments to determine the effects ofanimal species and water restriction. Both species were offered either adlibitum feed and water or water restricted to 50% of ad libitum level withad libitum feed. Animal species resulted in a significant (P<0.01) increasein dry matter intake, water intake, faecal dry matter and respiration rateand a decrease (P<0.01) in water intake: dry matter intake ratio in sheepcompared with goats. Sheep showed also higher (P<0.05) urine volumevalue than goats. Rectal temperature was not affected by animal species.Dry matter intake, faecal dry matter and urine volume decreasedinsignificantly with water restriction. However, water intake and waterintake: dry matter intake ratio decreased significantly (P<0.01) withtreatment. Rectal temperature and respiration rate values were almostsimilar at the two levels of water intake. Species x treatment interactionshowed a significant (P<0.01) increase in water intake in sheep comparedwith goats given water ad libitum. Water intake, however, decreased inboth species as a result of water restriction. Animal species induced asignificant effect on the apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter,organic matter, crude protein, crude fibre, nitrogen free extract and totaldigestible nutrients. Ether extract digestibility did not differ betweenspecies. Goats had lower digestibility coefficients and total digestiblenutrients compared with sheep. Except for ether extract digestibility, the

 

 

233Sulafa M. H. Hassouna and Asim A. A. Lutfidigestibility coefficients of nutrients as well as total digestible nutrientsincreased with water restriction. Sheep had the highest nitrogen balancevalue. Nitrogen balance showed similar trend whether it is expressed as apercentage of nitrogen intake or digested nitrogen. Species x treatmentinteractions were not found for digestibility and nitrogen balance data.Rumen pH and ammonia nitrogen were not affected significantly byspecies. Water restriction did not induce a significant effect on rumen pHand blood urea nitrogen. A significant species and treatment effect onblood urea nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen, respectively, was recorded.
Larvicidal Effects of Three Plant Ethanolic Extracts against Culex quinquefasciatus SAY. Larvae (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Sebit Ruaa , Osman Huda Elfatih , Taha Awad Khalafalla , Sidahmed Omer A. A.
Published: April 2023

Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate thelarvicidal activity of ethanol extracts from the leaves of three plantspecies: Ricinus communis L. (castor plant), Vinca rosea L. (vinca) andLantana camara L. (lantana). Each of three extracts was used at fiverates; namely, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm, against the 3rd instarlarvae of Culex quinquefasciatus SAY. Larval mortality percentages wererecorded 24 hours after treatment. The larvicidal effect of each extractwas compared with the standard larvicide temephos (Abate® ). The threetested extracts showed larvicidal effects at all rates. Castor extract had thegreatest larvicidal effect with the lowest LC 50 (323.0 ppm), followed byvinca and lantana extracts. These results suggest that the leaf extracts ofthe three plant species should be considered as promising larvicidesagainst Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae