bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Melaninas fúngicas aplicadas à biorremediação de efluentes industriais
Authors: Eduardo Bacurau Carlos , Ferri Laura , Henrique Martins Marlon , Heloisa da Costa Yoem Rita
Published: December 2023

As melaninas fúngicas são pigmentos presentes em diversas espécies de fungos, cujas propriedades vêm sendo estudadas para serem aplicadas em diferentes usos do cotidiano. Esta revisão bibliográfica apresenta inicialmente os quatro tipos de melaninas fúngicas já estudadas até o momento (neuromelanina, feomelanina, piomelanina, eumelanina e alomelanina), além de suas respectivas vias de síntese melanótica - é válido informar que as melaninas fúngicas também podem ser sintetizadas em laboratório, o que proporciona maiores meios de aquisição deste pigmento.

Neste artigo também são abordadas as diversas propriedades e aplicações das melaninas fúngicas, a exemplificar: atividade radioprotetora, atividade quelante de metais pesados, caráter termorregulador e antioxidante, entre outras características significantes. Também são citados alguns dos setores industriais mais poluentes para o ecossistema global e a maneira com que as melaninas fúngicas são capazes de tratar estes efluentes, consequentemente beneficiam o meio ambiente. A aplicação destes pigmentos fúngicos no tratamento de efluentes industriais é um assunto emergente e são abordados cinco tipos de grandes setores industriais que podem usufruir dos benefícios da utilização das melaninas fúngicas: indústria petroquímica, indústria de pesticidas, indústria têxtil, indústria metalúrgica e de mineração.

Para a elaboração desta revisão literária, foram utilizados os seguintes sites de pesquisa como: Google Scholar e PubMed.
Relationship among Osteoporosis, Sarcopenia, Locomotive Syndrome, and Spinal Kyphosis in Older Individuals Living in a Local Mountain Area
Authors: Tanishima Shinji , Hagino Hiroshi , Matsumoto Hiromi , Tanimura Chika , Nagashima Hideki
Published: December 2023

Study Design: Cross-sectional cohort study.Purpose: This study investigated the relationship among osteoporosis, sarcopenia, locomotive syndrome, and spinal kyphosis in older individuals living in a mountain area.Overview of Literature: Kyphosis greatly reduces the quality of life of older individuals. Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are kyphosiscausing factors.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 361 individuals aged ≥65 years (mean age, 75.0 years) living in a local mountain area and underwent medical check-ups from 2014 to 2018. The survey items included kyphosis index, body mass index, back pain prevalence, back pain Visual Analog Scale score, Oswestry Disability Index, walking speed, grip strength, skeletal mass index, osteoporosis (% young adult mean [YAM]), LOCOMO 5 score, and presence of sarcopenia (Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia). The participants were divided into the N (kyphosis index: <12; n=229, 63.4%), M (kyphosis index: 12–15; n=99, 27.4%), and K (kyphosis index: ≥15; n=33, 9.2%) groups. p -values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. An association factor of kyphosis (kyphosis index: ≥15) was investigated with logistic regression analysis.Results: Age and LOCOMO 5 scores were significantly higher (p <0.05) and %YAM and walking speed were significantly lower (p <0.05) in the K group than in the M and N groups. Other survey items showed significant differences. Only %YAM (odds ratio, 0.20; 95% confidence interval, 0.04–0.96) was an independent factor associated with a kyphosis index of ≥15.Conclusions: Decreased muscle mass and muscle strength would be related to kyphosis; however, no such relations were noted. Bone loss was significantly related to kyphosis. Osteoporosis-induced decrease in vertebral body height is present in the background. Sarcopenia and locomotive syndrome were not related to kyphosis, whereas decreased bone density was independently associated with kyphosis in older individuals living in a mountain area.
Inhibition of Neurogenic Inflammatory Pathways Associated with the Reduction in Discogenic Back Pain
Authors: Canseco Jose A. , Levy Hannah A. , Karamian Brian A. , Blaber Olivia , Chang Michael , Patel Neil , Curran John , Hilibrand Alan S. , Schroeder Gregory D. , Vaccaro Alexander R. , Markova Dessislava Z. , Surrey David E. , Kepler Christopher K.
Published: December 2023

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether the initiation of anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP inhibitor) medication therapy for migraines was also associated with improvements in back/neck pain, mobility, and function in a patient population with comorbid degenerative spinal disease and migraine.Overview of Literature: CGRP upregulates pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and nerve growth factor in spinal spondylotic disease, which results in disc degeneration and sensitization of nociceptive neurons. Although CGRP inhibitors can quell neurogenic inflammation in migraines, their off-site efficacy as a therapeutic target for discogenic back/neck pain conditions remains unknown.Methods: All adult patients diagnosed with spinal spondylosis and migraine treated with CGRP inhibitors at a single academic institution between 2017 and 2020 were retrospectively identified. Patient demographic and medical data, follow-up duration, migraine severity and frequency, spinal pain, functional status, and mobility before and after the administration of CGRP inhibitors were collected. Paired univariate analysis was conducted to determine significant changes in spinal pain, headache severity, and headache frequency before and after the administration of CGRP inhibitors. The correlation between changes in the spinal pain score and functional or mobility improvement was assessed with Spearman’s rho.Results: In total, 56 patients were included. The mean follow-up time after the administration of CGRP inhibitors was 123 days for spinal pain visits and 129 days for migraine visits. Back/neck pain decreased significantly (p <0.001) from 6.30 to 4.36 after starting CGRP inhibitor therapy for migraine control. As recorded in the spine follow-up notes, 25% of patients experienced a functional improvement in the activities of daily living, and 17.5% experienced mobility improvement while taking CGRP inhibitors. Change in back/ neck pain moderately correlated (ρ=−0.430) with functional improvement but was not correlated with mobility improvement (ρ=−0.052).Conclusions: Patients taking CGRP inhibitors for chronic migraines with comorbid degenerative spinal conditions experienced significant off-target reduction of back/neck pain.
Morbidité et facteurs de risque de mortalité du nouveau-né à terme au Togo
Authors: Akolly D.A.E. , Guedenon K.M. , Chabi C. , Djadou K.E. , Douti N.K. , Azoumah K.D. , Gbadoe A.D. , Atakouma Y.D.
Published: December 2023

Introduction : Le premier mois de vie représente la période la plus vulnérable pour la survie de l’enfant. Les principales causes de décès à cette période de la vie sont la prématurité, le sepsis néonatal et l’asphyxie périnatale. Mais quelles sont les causes précises d’hospitalisation et de décès des nouveau-nés à terme ?

Objectif : Décrire la morbidité du nouveau-né eutrophe à terme et identifier les facteurs liés à la mortalité au Togo.

Patients et méthode : Une étude transversale a été menée du 1er mars au 31 août 2019 dans le service de pédiatrie du centre hospitalier universitaire Sylvanus-Olympio de Lomé au Togo. Le recueil des données a été prospectif. L’échantillonnage était exhaustif. Les données recueillies ont été traitées à l’aide du logiciel SPSS version 25. Le seuil de signification de p était de 0,05.

Résultats : La fréquence de l’hospitalisation pour une pathologie néonatale était de 23,5 %. Les mères étaient âgées en moyenne de 28 ans. Le nombre moyen de consultations prénatales (CPN) réalisées était de quatre. Le nombre moyen de doses de sulfadoxine–pyriméthamine prises au cours de la grossesse était de 3,3. La goutte épaisse était positive au Plasmodium falciparum dans 35,2 %. L’âge médian des nouveaunés était d’un jour. La sex-ratio garçon/fille de 1,6. Les nouveau-nés avaient été référés dans 46 % des cas. Le poids moyen à l’admission était de 3071,6 g. Les principaux motifs d’hospitalisation étaient une fièvre, des difficultés respiratoires et une hypotonie. Les principales morbidités observées étaient le sepsis précoce, l’asphyxie périnatale et le paludisme dans respectivement 57,8, 26,2 et 4,3 % des cas. La durée médiane d’hospitalisation était de cinq jours. Le taux de mortalité était de 17,8 %. L’asphyxie périnatale et le sepsis néonatal précoce étaient les principales causes de décès, alors que la létalité était plus importante dans le syndrome hémorragique, l’asphyxie périnatale et les malformations congénitales. Aucun facteur maternel n’était associé au décès des nouveau-nés. Le nombre de CPN inférieur à quatre était le seul facteur obstétrical significativement associé au décès (p = 0,005). Les facteurs néonatals significativement associés au décès étaient l’admission au cours des 24 premières heures de vie (p = 0,001), le lieu de naissance en dehors du CHU (p = 0,002) et la durée de la réanimation initiale supérieure à dix minutes (p = 0.000*).

Conclusion : Les principales pathologies conduisant à l’hospitalisation du nouveau-né eutrophe à terme au Togo sont représentées par les sepsis précoces, l’asphyxie et le paludisme. La mise en place de stratégies visant à contrôler les facteurs associés à la mortalité devrait permettre de réduire celle-ci.
AI chatbot-based learning: alleviating students' anxiety in english writing classroom
Authors: Hawanti Santhy , Zubaydulloevna Khudoiberdieva Munisa
Published: December 2023

In the ever-evolving landscape of education, integrating innovative technologies can enhance the learning experience for students. ChatGPT, a cutting-edge language processing tool developed by OpenAI, offers exciting possibilities for teaching writing. This advanced AI model can be a powerful asset in the classroom, providing students with valuable resources and support as they develop their writing skills. Seventy-three college students participated in the quasi-experiment. The findings demonstrate that AI chatbot-based instruction reduces students' anxiety about learning English writing. AI chatbots offer instant feedback, allowing students to correct errors immediately. This quick feedback loop can prevent students from ruminating over their mistakes, thus reducing anxiety. With AI chatbot, students can learn at their own pace. They can take time to understand concepts, practice writing, and receive feedback without feeling rushed. This flexibility can alleviate the pressure of strict deadlines in traditional classroom settings. The findings imply teachers to implement chatbot-based learning in the classroom.
Ibero-Americanists gathered in St. Petersburg
Authors: Ermolieva Eleonora
Published: December 2023

We present to our readers an overview of the work of the international forum held in St. Petersburg.
Protective effect of Lactobacillus plantarum against Salmonella typhimurium in mice.
Authors: Salih Shahlaa M. , Zedan Zahraa K.
Published: December 2023

Background: Probiotics are defined as living microbial food supplements that beneficially affect the host by improving its intestinal balance. In recent years there is a great interest for viable microorganisms that promote or support a beneficial balance of microbial population of gastrointestinal tract. Probiotics may be consumed in different forms, comprising foods, mainly in fermented state and pharmaceutical products, mainly as capsules or in microencapsulated forms.Methods: Twelve albino mice were divided into four groups designated as 1, 2, 3 and 4. Each group consists of 3 mice, and subject to the followings treatments: Group 1: This group was used as a control. Group 2: This group was dosed with 0.1ml. of 0.5 × 105 cfu/ml of Lactobacillus plantarum culture. Group 3: This group was dosed with 0.1ml. of 0.5 × 105 cfu/ml Salmonella typhimurium culture. Group 4: this group was dosed with 0.1ml of 109cfu/ml Lactobacillus plantarum culture, and infected with 0.1ml of 0.5 × 105cfu/ml culture of Salmonella typhimurium, then histological sections were made from intestine and examined to evaluate protective effect of Lactobacillus plantarum.Results: Histopathological study exhibited that intestinal sections of mice infected with Salmonella typhimurium showed a necrosis, degenerative changes and inflammatory cells infiltration as compared with normal sections taken from uninfected mice, while treating with Lactobacillus plantarum prevented the histopathological effect of Salmonella typhimurium on mice intestine.Conclusion: Probiotic L. plantarum had a protective effect on intestine sections of mice infected with Salmonella typhimurium
Urolithiasis: from past to present
Authors: Nikitin Oleg , Samchuk Pavlo , Krasiuk Oleksii , Korytskyi Andrii , Nasheda Serhii
Published: December 2023

Urolithiasis is a polyetiological disease associated with metabolic disorders and charac-terized by the formation of stones in the urinary tract. Today, it has become a global problem. The inci-dence and prevalence of urolithiasis have been on the rise, it depends on geographical, climatic, ethnic,

dietary and genetic factors. Upper urinary tract stones affect mainly men (approximately 3 times more

often than women). The lifetime risk of stone formation is on average 5 to 10%. The prevalence of uri-nary stones in different regions ranges from 1% to 20%. In countries with a high standard of living, such

as Sweden, Canada, or the United States, the prevalence is more than 10%. In some regions, there hasbeen an increase in rates of more than 37% over the past 20 years. In Ukraine, urolithiasis ranks secondamong all urological diseases, with more than 52 thousand patients registered annually for the first time,and the incidence ranges from 30 to 45% among all urological pathologies. Mostly young people areaffected, and the disease is associated with acute and chronic pyelonephritis and frequent recurrenceof urinary stones (30-80%). This course of urolithiasis leads to renal failure, disability, and mortality.The stone formation is a complex and polyetiological process that includes endogenous (age, gender,and heredity) and exogenous factors (geographical conditions, climate, and nutrition). It is known thathumanity has been suffering from this disease for over 7000 years. Urolithiasis has been well known for

centuries. It is clearly confirmed by various archaeological findings, as well as scriptures about pain-ful calculi and therapeutic procedures that were performed to remove them. Given the importance and

prevalence of urolithiasis, this article reviews the historical development of the diagnosis and treatmentof this disease in different regions of the world. A review of the methods of diagnosis and treatment fromearly antiquity to the most modern ones that are in use today.
The comprehensive assessment of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents
Authors: Aliusef Maiia , Churylina Alina
Published: December 2023

childhood obesity is recognized as a significant health concern by the WHO, but not all

obese individuals face the same risk of cardiometabolic disorders. This study aims to diagnose meta-bolic syndrome (MetS) in obese children according to various known definitions and to determine the

influence of all five definitions of MetS on insulin resistance using logistic regression models. The obser-vational cross-sectional study on 82 children aged 12 to 17 with obesity was conducted at the Children’s

Clinical Hospital No.6 in Kyiv. MetS was established according to five main definitions. All biochemicalanalyses were performed using the enzymatic colorimetric method by Cobas 6000, Roche Diagnostics(Switzerland). The prevalence of MetS among children with obesity was higher using the de Ferranti etal. (76.8%) definition and the lower using Viner et al. definition (29.3%), p=0.023. The construction of

a logistic regression model showed that having all the components of MetS according to different defini-tions, children and adolescents are likely to have a HOMA-2 above 2.26 (AUC more significant than 0.5,

p<0.05). Different prevalence of MetS was found, depending on the different approaches to diagnosis.The construction of a logistic regression model showed that the parameters of the metabolic syndromeinfluence the risk of high HOMA-2 IR using four of five definitions.
A clinical case of hypothalamic syndrome combined with Klinefelter syndrome
Authors: Kys Maryna , Halushko Yurii-Daniel , Yerokhovych Viktoriia
Published: December 2023

the article describes a clinical case of a hypothalamic syndrome associated with a congenital disease - Klinefelter syndrome in a 21-year-old patient. Dysmetabolic complications were studied against the background of endocrine and genetic pathologies. Klinefelter syndrome was diagnosed in the patient at the age of 10, mosaic variant of karyotype 47XXY/46XY was detected. Against the background of a rare genetic pathology, signs of a hypothalamic puberty syndrome began to appear at the age of 15: acne, pink stretch marks on the lateral areas of the abdomen and breasts, gynecomastia, and excess weight. General clinical laboratory studies, carbohydrate metabolism indicators, sexual and thyroid hormones did not differ from reference values. The cortisol level in the blood was 23.4 mcg/dL, slightly exceeding the upper limit of the reference values (4.30-22.4 mcg/dL), indicating a state of mild hypercorticism. Manifestations of dysmetabolic cardiomyopathy were noted in the cardiovascular system, complicated by stable stage II arterial hypertension. The peculiarity of the clinical case is the combination of endocrine pathology with genetic pathology, which determines the specific appearance of the patient, and the presence of dysmetabolic complications without disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism in stage III obesity. The acceleration of puberty, which often occurs with the hypothalamic syndrome, did not occur due to the concomitant hypoandrogenic effect of Klinefelter syndrome. In the presence of hypothalamic syndrome in the patient, the late development of secondary sexual characteristics was noted, which is more characteristic of Klinefelter syndrome, but normal mental activity was preserved, which is rarely observed with the mosaic form of this genetic pathology. Another clinical feature is the absence of typical manifestations of hypogonadism in the post-pubertal period, which is confirmed by a normal level of male and female sex hormones in the blood, which is atypical. Due to the peculiarity of this clinical case, the patient's fertility can be preserved. In addition to the existing dysmetabolic complications in the patient and metabolic syndrome, there is a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, osteoporosis, and breast cancer, because Klinefelter syndrome andhypothalamic syndrome complicate each other. Therefore, it is important to study the issue of the combination of these two pathologies, possible consequences, and ways to overcome them to improve thepatient's clinical prognosis and quality of life.
The influences of alkaloids of Chelidonium majus L., Colchicum autumnale L, Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don and Vinca minor L. on malignant neoplasms, the review of modern researches.
Authors: Pavlenko Oleksii , Strokina Iryna
Published: December 2023

natural alkaloids of Chelidonium majus L., Colchicum autumnale L. and Catharanthus

roseus (L.) G.Don are anticancer agents. Some of them, such as colchicine, vincristine and vinblas-tine, are used in modern medicine, as chemotherapy medicines against malignant neoplasms, some of

them are effective supplement to conventional methods or works to prevent cancer onset (chelidonine,

sanguinarine, chelerythrine, protopine and allocryptopine). The effect of mitotic poisons that are al-kaloids of Colchicum autumnale colchicine, Catharanthus roseus vincristine and vinblastine against

malignant neoplasms began to be studied in the last century, the fact of mitotic spindle violation is giv-en in a large number of works. However, the mechanisms of apoptosis under their influence have been

little studied. The alkaloids of Chelidonium majus and Vinca minor L. have been much less studied,

both in clinical studies and experimental ones, including insufficiently researched their anti-prolifera-tive action, the ability to cause apoptosis and its possible mechanism. The research of apoptosis mech-anisms caused by natural antitumor agents, will allow creating more effective and saving medicines

based on the active ingredients of plant raw materials in the future. The aim of the paper was the anal-ysis of the effect of the main alkaloids of Chelidonium majus, Colchicum autumnale, Catharanthus

roseus and Vinca minor on malignant neoplasms and the mechanisms of such an influence with thehelp of analytic review of foreign and Ukrainian literature for the period 2002-2023 using medicaldatabase PubMed. The researched data obtained on cell lines, laboratory animals (in vitro) and clinicstudies were analyzed. According to the analysis of the literature of recent years, the cytotoxic and

anti-proliferative effects of natural alkaloids of Chelidonium majus chelidonine, Colchicum autum-nale colchicine, Catharanthus roseus vincristine and vinblastine and Vinca minor vincamine on ma-lignant neoplasms can be considered proven. Colchicine caused apoptosis in high doses, chelidonine,

on the contrary, caused apoptosis of malignant cells in relatively low doses; in large doses it causedautophagy. The signaling pathways of apoptosis mechanisms of malignant cells under the influenceof chelidonine, colchicine, vincristine, vinblastine and vincamine are much less studied and requireadditional research. Most of the results support the mitochondrial pathway, but there is a view in favorof the receptor-mediated pathway. The medicine, which contained alkaloids of Chelidonium majus, showed a positive effect when used in combination with conventional antitumor therapy. Chelidoniummajus and Vinca minor alkaloids are candidates for their use in antitumor therapy, but clinical studiesof these agents are insufficient.
Antisynthetase syndrome: a case report and review of the literature.
Authors: Fiialkovska Olesia , Karasevska Tetiana , Ivashkivskyi Oleksiy , Potomka Ruslana , Novytska Hanna , Dzhus Marta
Published: December 2023

antisynthetase syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease characterized byinterstitial lung disease, non-erosive arthritis, myositis, Raynaud's disease, and/or "mechanichand" when autoantibodies directed against aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are detected.Antisynthetase syndrome belongs to the group of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and isthe so-called overlap myositis. The article provides the latest literature data on the diagnosticvalue of myositis-specific autoantibodies based on a literature review for the period from2013 to 2023 using the scientometric databases MEDLINE/ PubMed, Wiley Online Library,and Scopus. Data from the literature show that certain myositis-specific autoantibodies,namely anti-PL-7 and anti-PL-12, can affect the risk of developing interstitial lung disease,and determine the course and prognosis of the disease. The presence of interstitial lungdisease in patients with myositis correlates with increased morbidity and mortality. Thearticle describes a clinical case of the debut of the antisynthetase syndrome from interstitiallung disease, which was falsely diagnosed as a coronavirus disease. The patient's condition

improved only because of using glucocorticoids, which the patient stopped taking over time,which led to the worsening of pulmonary symptoms, the appearance of new clinical signs ofdamage to the joints and skin, progressive decrease in muscle function, and dysphagia. Afteran examination in the rheumatology department, based on the presence of interstitial lungdisease in the patient - fibrotic alveolitis, which was confirmed by computer tomography,myositis, arthritis, characteristic skin changes, the presence of antinuclear antibodies, anti-SS-A/Ro52, specific antisynthetase antibodies (Jo-1, Pl-7, Pl-12), the diagnosis of theantisynthetase syndrome was established. A detailed laboratory and instrumental examinationmade it possible to rule out a paraneoplastic process at the time of examination. Theprescribed treatment included pulse therapy with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide,which led to improvement in the patient's condition. The work carried out emphasizes theneed for interdisciplinary interaction of pulmonologists, rheumatologists, and infectiousdisease specialists at the stage of verification of the final diagnosis and the therapyappointment. Achieving clinical and laboratory remission of the disease requires long-termmonitoring by a rheumatologist.
Approach to lymphadenopathy: how to diagnose tuberculosis lymphadenitis
Authors: Tanisha  , Melnychuk Iryna , Sharayeva Maryna
Published: December 2023

lymphadenopathy is considered as abnormal finding local or generalized that can becaused by neoplasm or infection, as tuberculosis lymphadenitis. Cervical localization has prevalence

in the variety of disorders, can has a similar kind of clinical presentation and to differentiate them be-comes extremely difficult. We provided a case report of the new onset of extrapulmonary tuberculosis

lymphadenitis in 42-year-old Indian man. The patient complained of multiply enlarged painful lymphnodes on left anterior neck and was also concerned about sore throat persistent for a year. Objectiveexamination and analysis were without evident inflammatory signs. Previous ultrasound, pulmonaryand abdominal CT-scan investigations also revealed conglomerate of left mediastinal lymph nodes,moderate splenomegaly. The preliminary diagnosis of lymphoma was excluded due to confirmationof typical tuberculosis lymphadenitis with specific testing and morphological changes of the resected

lymphatic node. Sputum microscopy was found to be negative, which meant that the patient was neg-ative for social transmission of tuberculosis. Affected lymph nodes resolved completely after appro-priate therapy during one-year treatment. This case report of extrapulmonary tuberculosis highlights

the importance of tissue diagnosis in unclear situations. We used clinical protocol for unspecifiedlymph node enlargement as complete history taking and physical examination that is preliminary fordiagnosis, while laboratory tests, imaging diagnostic methods and tissue samplings are gold standardevaluation for definite lymphadenopathy. Tuberculosis lymphadenitis is popularly known as collarstud abscess and is the most common benign cause of cervical lymphadenopathy in endemic areas.This observation determined the details of the immunocompromised state of the patient, conclusionwas supported by the evidence of Pseudomonas putida associated pharyngitis. The main differentialsigns between lymphoma as immunoproliferative disorder and infectious tuberculosis lymphadenitiswere provided.
Клінічний випадок успішного лікування пацієнта з перфорацією дивертикула сигмовидної кишки, ускладненого сепсисом на тлі COVID-19
Authors: Martyniuk Nikita , Byk Pavlo
Published: December 2023

описано випадок успішного лікування пацієнта, у якого після перенесеного COVID-19виникла перфорація дивертикула сигмовидної кишки, що ускладнилась перитонітом та сепсисом,спочатку бактеріальним, потім грибковим. На фоні проведеної консервативної терапії в перед іпісляопераційному періоді та частого застосування нестероїдних протизапальних препаратів,зокрема метамізолу натрію у хворого розвинулась важка лейкопенія та тромбоцитопенія, щобули частково рефрактерними до глюкокортикоїдів. Через відсутності можливості призначеннярекомбінантних факторів росту у даного пацієнта був застосований нестандартний підхід якийполягав у призначенні ціанокобаламіну в комбінації з фолієвою кислотою, що в комплексі з іншимизаходами дозволили нормалізувати рівень лейкоцитів та тромбоцитів.
Psychohygienic evaluation of depression level among Ukrainian youth forced to emigrate to Canada due to the war in Ukraine
Authors: Kozyr Olena , Blagaia Anna
Published: December 2023

the ongoing war in Ukraine since 2014 has led to the forced migration of thousands ofpeople, resulting in a range of social and psychological problems, including depression. In light of this,the purpose of the research was to investigate the level of depression among youth who were forced toemigrate abroad due to the war. The study was conducted in Canada in 2023 using the Patient HealthQuestionnaire-9 of young people aged 16 to 30 years old who emigrated from Ukraine due to the war

escalation on the 24th of February 2022. The PHQ-9 is a questionnaire used to assess the level of de-pression symptoms in the last two weeks based on 9 questions which show the level of the depression

disorder or indicate the risks of its development. The research aims to raise awareness of the psycholog-ical well-being issue among war-displaced people between Russia and Ukraine to determine the level of

depression, which allows providing practical recommendations for managing depression in the contextof migration and developing psychological support and rehabilitation programs for this population.The study’s findings suggest that a moderate level of depression, with increased levels of the moderateoption, was observed among Ukrainian refugees aged 16 to 30 years old who migrated to Canada. Theresults also showed that the number of respondents who did not have signs of depression decreased dueto the war. The average value of the sample slightly increased from 9.4 in 2022 to 10.9 in the currentstudy. However, values of 9 and 10 are borderline for distinguishing «mild» and «moderate» levels ofdepression, so it can be assumed that this year was transitional between these conditions. The resultsof studying the most popular answers to some survey questions show that problems with falling asleep,poor sleep quality or too much concern more than half of the respondents almost every day. It can beargued that the stress associated with migration and war significantly affected the quality of sleep amongyoung people. One-third of respondents reported poor appetite or overeating, which can be resolvedwith simple recommendations and advice. These findings highlight the potential need for mental healthsupport for this population. The data obtained can be useful for government agencies in Canada andUkraine, social services, psychological counsellors, and all those working with military and civilianrefugees in the territories of North America and Europe.
Review of the Role of Biomechanical Research in Developing Rehabilitation Physiotherapy Programs for Patients with Coxarthrosis
Authors: Hryshyn Ivan , Antonova-Rafi Julia
Published: December 2023

modern biomechanical research has introduced innovative possibilities for crafting re-habilitation physiotherapy programs. These investigations are transforming conventional approaches

in designing rehabilitation physiotherapy programs for coxarthrosis treatment, leading to enhancedpatient outcomes through pain reduction and improved quality of life. The objective of this study is to

emphasize the contemporary application of biomechanical research in shaping rehabilitation phys-iotherapy programs for individuals with coxarthrosis. The following hypothesis is put forward within

the framework of the raised issue: «Integration of biomechanical studies in the development of re-habilitation physiotherapy programs for patients with coxarthrosis will have a positive effect in the

development of rehabilitation personal software techniques». The article anticipates the application ofsynthesis and analysis methods aimed at a comprehensive study of the role of biomechanical researchin the development of effective physiotherapy rehabilitation programs for patients. The analysis andsynthesis of scientific literature in the review article serve not only to summarize existing data but alsoto form a new level of understanding of the problem, which is an important step in improving clinicalpractice and developing new physiotherapy methods. Based on the specified methods, an analysis isbeing conducted to identify challenges in the implementation of biomechanical research methods andexplore potential solutions within the framework of monitoring the outcomes of physical therapy in thetreatment of coxarthrosis. Conclusion – examining the role of biomechanical research in rehabilitatingpatients with coxarthrosis is justified in terms of addressing the relevance of the issue and outlining thecontemporary need for effective treatment methods, increased objectivity and quality of rehabilitation,and the search for ways to improve the quality of life for patients. During this review, it was establishedthat biomechanical research of rehabilitation physiotherapy programs for coxarthrosis is an importantmethod for evaluating the effectiveness of these programs.
Гостро кровоточивий рак шлунка, ускладнений перфорацією
Authors: Pliuta Iryna , Skuba Volodymyr , Stets Mykola , Trepet Sergey , Ivanko Oleksandr
Published: December 2023

покращення та оптимізація діагностики та лікування ускладнень раку шлунка.Було проліковано 56 пацієнтів із ускладненим раком шлунка. Середній вік хворих становив56 років. З них жінок було 13 (або 23,21%), а чоловіків – 43 (або 76,79%). Під час всебічногодіагностично-лікувального моніторингу було виявлено, що 15 пацієнтів (або 26,79%) страждаливід шлунково-кишкової кровотечі, 12 пацієнтів (або 21,43%) мали стеноз шлунка різного ступеняважкості, а у решти 29 пацієнтів (або 51,79%) рак шлунка ускладнився перфорацією шлунка,при цьому у 21 пацієнта перфорація виливалася в кровотечу. Досліджували також вік, стать,передопераційну діагностику, місцезнаходження перфорації, глибину інвазії стінки шлунка,наявність метастазів у лімфатичних вузлах, вид операції, рівень лімфатичної диссекції, стадіюта інші ускладнення. Відсоток ускладнення у вигляді перфорації серед раку шлунка становив51,79%. Захворювання частіше зустрічалося на III/IV стадії (70%). Проведені операції:гастректомія у 16 хворих та атипова резекція зони ураження шлунка з відновленням дефектуу 10 пацієнтів. Смерть, пов’язана з хірургічним втручанням, спостерігалася у 4 пацієнтів.Було виконано 10 субтотальних гастректомій і 6 тотальних гастректомій. У 15 пацієнтівспостерігалася клінічно виражена шлунково-кишкова кровотеча, яка проявлялася у виглядімелени, гематемезису або у вигляді мелени та гематемезису одночасно (2,5%). Середнійвік становив 68 ± 12 (діапазон 47–87). Ускладнення у вигляді стенозу шлунка було виявлено у12 пацієнтів (21,43%). Під час дослідження у 5 пацієнтів було виявлено субкомпенсованийстеноз пілоричного відділу шлунка, у решти пацієнтів – декомпенсований стеноз. Вибір методуоперативного втручання проводився індивідуально, залежно від стану хворого, ступеня стенозуі характеру патоморфологічних змін, стану секреторної та моторної функції шлунка, наявностісупупровідньої патології та стадії раку шлунка. Перевагу надавали субтотальній резекціїшлунка. У цій групі пацієнтів наявний 1 випадок летальності, який був обумовлений ІV стадієюраку шлунка та декомпенсованим стенозом з вираженими розладами водно-електролітногобалансу і кислотно-лужної рівноваги.
Vzniká globální občanská společnost? Nestátní aktéři ve světové politice
Authors: Císař Ondřej
Published: December 2023

Cílem této stati je odpovědět na otázky, které byly formulovány v souvislosti s rostoucím významem nevládních organizací a sociálních hnutí ve světové politice. Základní otázkou, kterou tento text klade, je: Dochází skutečně ke konstituci globálních struktur občanského aktivismu? Jinými slovy řečeno, konstituuje se v souvislosti s rozvojem globálních politických struktur globální občanská společnost? Pokud ano, jak se tato globální občanská společnost vztahuje k lokálním aktérům? Funguje jako partner pomáhající při budování lokálního aktivismu? A jakým způsobem se aktéři globální občanské společnosti dotýkají postavení států? Překonávají jejich omezení? Proto, aby mohly být tyto otázky zodpovězeny, stať nejprve mapuje diskuzi, která se kolem transnacionálních vztahů rozvinula. Problematika transnacionálních vztahů se během posledního desetiletí konstituovala jako významný výzkumný problém v rámci nejméně dvou sociálně-vědných disciplín - v teorii mezinárodních vztahů a v teorii kolektivního jednání. Pozornost věnovaná transnacionálním hnutím a sítím nevládních organizací navíc podstatným způsobem ovlivnila diskuzi v určitých oblastech politické teorie, kde se tato hnutí pod výše uvedeným označením globální občanská společnost stala ztělesněním reformních nadějí vkládaných do globálně koordinovaného občanského aktivismu, jenž by měl v konečném důsledku přispět ke světové demokratizaci a k realizaci sociální spravedlnosti. V tomto smyslu jde o interdisciplinární problém a význam jeho studia může být v různých disciplínách různý. Hlavním cílem stati je odpovědět na výše uvedené otázky. Stať se proto snaží reflektovat nejdůležitější problémy diskuze o transnacionálním politickém jednání. Její ambicí je zahrnout jak více empiricky orientované přístupy, tak i normativně motivované úvahy o demokratizačním potenciálu transnacionálních hnutí v současné fázi vývoje moderní společnosti, tj. ve fázi tzv. globalizace. Základní argument stati tvrdí, že koncept globální občanské společnosti je do určité míry použitelný k popisu politického jednání "vně státních hranic", pokud jej však nechápeme v silném smyslu jako pojem popisující alternativu k institucím národních států a pokud jej zbavíme jeho ideologické náplně.
KESADARAN HUKUM MASYARAKAT DALAM RANGKA PENDAFTARAN TANAH
Authors: Fazlur Rizvi Hadziq  , Muhammad Andri
Published: December 2023

Di zaman milenial ini, memiliki sertifikat tanah sangat diwajibkan untuk menghindari hal-hal yang mengakibatkan masalah atau perkara-perkara mengenai tanah. Namun dengan begitu, masih saja ada masyarakat yang tidak memiliki sertifikat tanah, padahal hal ini sangat penting mengingat begitu mudahnya untuk memanipulasi sistem sertifikasi, begitu juga dengan kesadaran hukum yang dimiliki masyarakat khususnya di Desa Gedangan, Kecamatan Sumobito, Kabupaten Jombang. Yang bahkan hampir sebagian masyarakat Desa Gedangan tidak memiliki sertifikat tanah sama sekali. Maka permasalahan yang akan dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah: Bagaimana tingkat kesadaran hukum masyarakat dalam mendaftarkan tanahnya? Faktor-faktor apakah yang menjadi penghambat dan pendukung yang dihadapi masyarakat dalam mendaftarkan tanahnya? Solusi seperti apakah agar pendaftaran tanah menjadi lebih baik? Penelitian ini termasuk dalam tipelogi penelitian Empiris. Data dikumpulkan dengan dua cara, yaitu wawancara serta mengisi kuesioner dan dianalisis secara kualitatif serta mengunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan serta prinsip hukum yang berlaku yang menjadi patokan dalam menentukan kesadaran hukum masyarakat. Data dari lapangan tersebut diperoleh melalui diskusi serta melalui media elektronik yang fokus terhadap permasalahan.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Kesadaran Hukum masyarakat dalam mendaftarkan tanahnya masih tergolong kurang, masih banyak masyarakat yang tidak mengerti tata cara serta aturan hukum yang berlaku dalam mendaftarkan tanahnya, hal ini rawan terpicu terjadinya konflik sengketa serta pemalsuan akta sertifikat. Pemerintah setempat harus lebih giat dalam mempercepat sertifikasi tanah, karena apabila program telah dijalankan tanpa adanya sosialisasi terlebih dahulu maka kebanyakan masyarakat tidak mengetahuinya.
ANALISIS PENANGANAN PERKARA HUKUM PADA TINDAK PIDANA TERORISME MENURUT HUKUM POSITIF DI INDONESIA
Authors: Putri Maha Dewi
Published: December 2023

Kewenangan lembaga-lembaga Negara yang khusus menangani kasus tindak pidana terorisme di Indonesia, negara memberikan kewenangan sepenuhnya kepada Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia dalam hal penyidikan dan dari pihak Kejaksaan dalam hal pengambilan keputusan oleh Hakim sesuai dengan Undang-undang dan kenyataan kejahatan yang dilakukan. Kewenangan penangkapan sebagai bentuk upaya paksa dalam proses penegakan hukum hanya bisa dan boleh dilakukan oleh aparat penegak hukum, diantaranya Polisi, Jaksa dan lembaga penegak hukum lainnya, seperti Terorisme,  sebagaimana  diatur  dalam  KUHAP  dan  peraturan  lainnya.  Prosedur penanganan kasus tindak pidana terorisme di Indonesia, sesuai dengan UU No.15 Tahun 2003 wajib dilaksanakan oleh lembaga-lembaga Negara yang diberikan wewenang dengan penuh rasa tanggung jawab dan serius. Baik dari pihak TNI, Kepolisian dan Badan Intelijen Negara dalam rangka proses penyelidikan dan penangkapan yang sama-sama mendukung kelancaran dari pada proses penyidikan yang akan digelar nanti. Proses penyelidikan, penyidikan, penahanan, penangakapan, pembuatan berita acara terpola menjadi unsur suplement di antara ketentuan-ketentuan Hukum Acara Pidana tersebut. Dalam hal ini mengenai prosedur penanganan kasus tindak pidana terorisme, segala proses yang akan dilewati oleh lembaga-lembaga yang terkait seperti Densus 88 Polri, Detasemen 81 TNI dan Badan Intelijen Negara, serta lembaga atau badan-badan lain yang menanggulangi permasalahan terorisme.
ANALISIS YURIDIS KEDUDUKAN HAK WARIS BAGI ANAK LUAR NIKAH MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Muhammad Fikri Wardhana Muhammad Fikri Wardhana , Mohamad Rafi'ie
Published: December 2023

Di dalam hukum perdata pasal 43 ayat (1) Undang – Undang Perkawinan dijelaskan bahwa anak diluar nikah hanya memiliki hubungan perdata dengan pihak ibunya dan keluarga ibunya sedangkan hubungan antara sang anak di luar nikah dengan pihak ayah biologisnya dan keluarga dari ayah biologisnya dianggap tidak ada sehingga sehingga hukum waris tidak berlaku di antara keduanya , kemudian UU ini dijudicial review oleh Machicha Mokhtar sehingga keluarlah putusan 17 Februari 2012 yang menyatakan anak yang lahir di luar perkawinan mempunyai hubungan perdata dengan ibunya dan keluarga ibunya serta dengan laki-laki sebagai ayahnya yang dapat dibuktikan melalui ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi . Pada paasal 186 Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) menyebutkan: Anak yang lahir diluar perkawinan hanya mempunyai hubungan saling mewarisi dengan ibunya dan keluarga dari pihak ibunya sedangkan dalam Islam, apabila seseorang telah terang ada hubungan darahnya dengan ibu dan ayahnya , maka dia mewarisi ibu dan ayahnya begitu juga ibu dan ayahnya juga mewarisinya selama tak ada suatu penghalang pusaka dan selama syarat-syarat pusaka telah cukup sempurna, dan tak dapat seseorang dipandang mempunyai hubungan darah dengan ibu saja tanpa dipandang ayah ..Pasal 100 KHI memuat rumusan yang tidak jauh berbeda dengan Pasal 43 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Perkawinan, di mana anak luar kawin hanya memiliki hubungan nasab dengan ibu dan keluarga ibunya. Walaupun secara hukum keperdataan Islam anak luar nikah tidak memiliki hubungan nasab dengan bapak biologisnya, bukan berarti bapak biologis secara kemanusiaan tidak memiliki tanggung jawab kepada anak yang dilahirkan hasil dari benihnya.
Researchers’ Experiences of Obtaining Informed Consent to Participate in Human Research and Its Facilitating Factors: A Qualitative Study
Authors:   Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Spiritual Health Research Center, School of Nursing, Qom University of Medical Science, Qom, Iran., Abbasinia Mohammad , Babaii Atye ,   Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Spiritual Health Research Center, School of Nursing, Qom University of Medical Science, Qom, Iran., Kazemnejad Maryam ,   Spiritual Health Research Center, Vice President for Research and Technology, Qom University of Medical Science, Qom, Iran., Amiri Nazanin Zeinab ,   Spiritual Health Research Center, Vice President for Research and Technology, Qom University of Medical Science, Qom, Iran.
Published: December 2023

Background and Objectives: Considering the lack of information about the ethical principles required to obtain informed consent, this issue should be given more attention by researchers. This study aims to extract the rich experiences of researchers regarding obtaining informed consent to participate in human research and its facilitating factors. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted with the content analysis approach in 2023. Using targeted sampling, 17 researchers from the Qom University of Medical Sciences were selected, and quasi-structured and individual interviews were conducted until data saturation. Data were analyzed simultaneously with data collection using the Granheim and Lundman method. Results: According to the results of this study, based on the nature of the study, researchers can use any of the written, oral, or electronic methods to obtain informed consent. The researchers believed that the principles of obtaining informed consent include voluntariness, avoiding coercion, the existence of two-way interaction between the researcher and the research samples, and providing necessary information to the research samples. According to researchers’ experiences, the factors that facilitate obtaining informed consent include establishing effective communication with researchers and samples, the appropriateness of the text of the informed consent, preparing a multimedia file of the informed consent, holding training courses, and having clear and up-to-date instructions. Conclusion: The principles of obtaining informed consent and the facilitating factors mentioned in this research can help researchers observe this critical aspect of ethics in research.
The Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Spiritual Intelligence and Resilience of Emergency Medical Technicians
Authors:   Pre-Hospital Emergency and Incident Management Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran., Esmaeili Seyed-Mahdi , Sadeghi Mahdi ,   Pre-Hospital Emergency and Incident Management Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran., Abbasi Mohammad ,   Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Bahonar Elahe ,   Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran., Sbakian Bandpey Behnam ,   Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ehsani Maryam ,   Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2023

Background and Objectives: Emergency medical technicians (EMTs), as the front line of dealing with patients with COVID-19, are exposed to the intensification of stress caused by these conditions, and it is essential to identify related factors, such as resilience and spiritual intelligence in this context. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between perceived stress, spiritual intelligence, and resilience of EMTs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 108 EMTs in Shahroud in 2021. Data collection tools included the demographic checklist, Cohen’s perceived stress questionnaire, King’s spiritual intelligence questionnaire, and Conrad Davidson’s questionnaire (CD-RISC). To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential (independent t-test, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression) statistics were used. Results: The mean scores of perceived stress and resilience of employees were at medium and high levels, respectively. There was no significant relationship between perceived stress and spiritual intelligence (r=-0.49, P=0.24), but there was a meaningful negative correlation between perceived stress and resilience (r=-0.31, P=0.002). A positive and significant relationship was observed between perceived stress score and age and work experience. Conclusion: Considering the significant relationship between perceived stress and resilience in the present study, it is suggested that the administrators provide solutions such as creating training courses to manage stress and increase resilience in EMTs.