bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional network of glycan-related molecules: Glyco-Net in Glycoconjugate Data Bank
Authors: Hashimoto Ryo , Hirose Kazuko , Sato Taku , Fukushima Nobuhiro , Miura Nobuaki , Nishimura Shin-Ichiro
Published: June 2010

Background

Glycans are involved in a wide range of biological process, and they play an essential role in functions such as cell differentiation, cell adhesion, pathogen-host recognition, toxin-receptor interactions, signal transduction, cancer metastasis, and immune responses. Elucidating pathways related to post-translational modifications (PTMs) such as glycosylation are of growing importance in post-genome science and technology. Graphical networks describing the relationships among glycan-related molecules, including genes, proteins, lipids and various biological events are considered extremely valuable and convenient tools for the systematic investigation of PTMs. However, there is no database which dynamically draws functional networks related to glycans.

Description

We have created a database called Glyco-Net http://www.glycoconjugate.jp/functions/, with many binary relationships among glycan-related molecules. Using search results, we can dynamically draw figures of the functional relationships among these components with nodes and arrows. A certain molecule or event corresponds to a node in the network figures, and the relationship between the molecule and the event are indicated by arrows. Since all components are treated equally, an arrow is also a node.

Conclusions

In this paper, we describe our new database, Glyco-Net, which is the first database to dynamically show networks of the functional profiles of glycan related molecules. The graphical networks will assist in the understanding of the role of the PTMs. In addition, since various kinds of bio-objects such as genes, proteins, and inhibitors are equally treated in Glyco-Net, we can obtain a large amount of information on the PTMs.
Uterine primitive neuroectodermal tumor with adenosarcoma: a case report
Authors: Bhardwaj Minakshi , Batrani Meenakshi , Chawla Indu , Malik Renuka
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the uterus is extremely rare. They occur as either pure primitive neuroectodermal tumors or admixed with neoplasms of mullerian origin.

Case presentation

A case of uterine primitive neuroectodermal tumor with adenosarcoma in a 50-year-old Asian Indian woman is presented. Histologically, the neoplasm displayed perivascular pseudorosettes and occasional Homer-Wright rosettes. A strong positivity for neuronspecific enolase and synaptophysin was noted, while chromogranin and CD99 were negative. Merging imperceptibly with the neuroectodermal components were the areas of adenosarcoma.

Conclusion

To the best of our knowledge, this report represents the second case of a uterine primitive neuroectodermal tumor with an admixed adenosarcoma.
Psychometric properties of questionnaires evaluating health-related quality of life and functional status in polytrauma patients with lower extremity injury
Authors: Jansen Lian , Steultjens Martijn PM , Holtslag Herman R , Kwakkel Gert , Dekker Joost
Published: June 2010

Background

Long term disability is common among polytrauma patients. However, as yet little information exists on how to adequately measure functional status and health-related quality of life following polytrauma.

Aims

To establish the unidimensionality, internal consistency and validity of two health-related quality of life measures and one functional status questionnaire among polytrauma patients.

Methods

186 Patients with severe polytrauma including lower extremity injury completed the Sickness Impact Profile-136 (SIP-136), the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Health Survey (SF-36) and the Groningen Activity Restriction Scale (GARS) 15 months after injury. Unidimensionality and internal consistency was assessed by principal components analysis and Cronbach's alpha (α). To test the construct validity of the questionnaires, predetermined hypotheses were tested.

Results

The unidimensionality and internal consistency of the GARS and the SF-36, but not the SIP-136 were supported. The construct validity of the SF-36, GARS and to a lesser extent the SIP-136 was confirmed.

Conclusion

The SF-36 and the GARS appear to be preferable for use in polytrauma patients over the SIP-136.
Role of thioredoxin reductase 1 and thioredoxin interacting protein in prognosis of breast cancer
Authors: Cadenas Cristina , Franckenstein Dennis , Schmidt Marcus , Gehrmann Mathias , Hermes Matthias , Geppert Bettina , Schormann Wiebke , Maccoux Lindsey J , Schug Markus , Schumann Anika , Wilhelm Christian , Freis Evgenia , Ickstadt Katja , Rahnenführer Jörg , Baumbach Jörg I , Sickmann Albert , Hengstler Jan G
Published: June 2010

Introduction

The purpose of this work was to study the prognostic influence in breast cancer of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1) and thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), key players in oxidative stress control that are currently evaluated as possible therapeutic targets.

Methods

Analysis of the association of TXNRD1 and TXNIP RNA expression with the metastasis-free interval (MFI) was performed in 788 patients with node-negative breast cancer, consisting of three individual cohorts (Mainz, Rotterdam and Transbig). Correlation with metagenes and conventional clinical parameters (age, pT stage, grading, hormone and ERBB2 status) was explored. MCF-7 cells with a doxycycline-inducible expression of an oncogenic ERBB2 were used to investigate the influence of ERBB2 on TXNRD1 and TXNIP transcription.

Results

TXNRD1 was associated with worse MFI in the combined cohort (hazard ratio = 1.955; P < 0.001) as well as in all three individual cohorts. In contrast, TXNIP was associated with better prognosis (hazard ratio = 0.642; P < 0.001) and similar results were obtained in all three subcohorts. Interestingly, patients with ERBB2-status-positive tumors expressed higher levels of TXNRD1. Induction of ERBB2 in MCF-7 cells caused not only an immediate increase in TXNRD1 but also a strong decrease in TXNIP. A subsequent upregulation of TXNIP as cells undergo senescence was accompanied by a strong increase in levels of reactive oxygen species.

Conclusions

TXNRD1 and TXNIP are associated with prognosis in breast cancer, and ERBB2 seems to be one of the factors shifting balances of both factors of the redox control system in a prognostic unfavorable manner.
Surviving meningococcal septic shock in childhood: long-term overall outcome and the effect on health-related quality of life
Authors: Buysse Corinne MP , Vermunt Lindy CAC , Raat Hein , Hazelzet Jan A , Hop Wim CJ , Utens Elisabeth MWJ , Joosten Koen FM
Published: June 2010

Introduction

The purpose of this study was to evaluate associations between long-term physical and psychological outcome variables in patients who survived meningococcal septic shock (MSS) in childhood.

Methods

The study population was made up of all MSS patients requiring intensive care treatment between 1988 and 2001.

Results

A total of 120 patients visited the follow-up clinic (age at paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission 3.1 years; follow-up interval 9.8 years; age at follow-up 14.5 years (all medians)). Four major outcomes were considered: 1) major physical sequelae (defined as major scars and/or orthopaedic sequelae) (29/120), 2) mild neurological impairments (39/120), 3) problem behaviour (defined as a total score above the 90th percentile of the reference groups on questionnaires to screen for psychopathology) (16/114) and 4) total intelligence quotient < 85 (18/115). No differences were found between patients with major physical sequelae and patients without major physical sequelae as to the presence of problem behaviour or total IQ < 85. Also, no differences were found between patients with mild neurological impairments and patients without as to the presence of problem behaviour or total IQ < 85. Finally, no differences were found between patients with major physical sequelae and patients without as to the presence of mild neurological sequelae. Less favourable scores on behavioural and emotional problems were significantly associated with poorer health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). HR-QoL scores were to a lesser amount predicted by severity of illness at time of PICU admission or by adverse physical outcome.

Conclusions

Long-term adverse physical and psychological outcomes in survivors of MSS did not seem to be associated. Poorer HR-QoL was mainly predicted by problem behaviour.
The Densities of Modernism
Authors: Harney Elizabeth
Published: June 2010

This essay looks at the career of pioneering Senegalese painter Iba N'Diaye and his relation to now well-established narratives of modernism in Senegal. Typical accounts of the mid-twentieth century equate the modern with the cultural patronage, Négritude writings, and state-sponsored visual arts movement that flourished under the first president of Senegal, Léopold Sédar Senghor. N'Diaye, as one of the first instructors at an art academy founded at Senghor's request, is often featured in the beginnings of this narrative, only to be marginalized when he chooses to relocate permanently to France and pursue alternative aesthetic horizons. As a result, the subtleties of his long career, the means through which his practices “belong to the modern,” and the cartographies and densities of a complex, cosmopolitan artistic life are lost in either overdetermined histories of African modernism or narrow accounts of European art history.

This essay is not concerned with securing a place for him within the mainstream history of modernism but rather investigating how models of “alternative modernities” might enable us to foreground the dialogical attitudes and practices that characterized often overlapping, interdependent, and contingent experiences of modernity and expressions of modernism. How do re-evaluations of the spatio-temporal parameters of the modern enable us to shift accounts of the Senegalese story (and readings of N'Diaye's oeuvre)? Does N'Diaye's career enable us to challenge increasingly standardized narratives of modernism in many parts of Africa that link it primarily with reverse discourses, resistance narratives, and political independence to suggest more fluid approaches to modernist subjectivity and attention to the varied “tenses” for the modern?
The Arabic Connection in Articulating North African Modernity in Art
Authors: Shabout Nada M.
Published: June 2010

This essay explores the articulation of the Arabic letter and text in the modern art of North Africa as a liminal space of interaction. Arabic text in particular offered artists a space of intersection between the various layers of identities of North Africa (al Maghrib al-Arabi) and the Middle East (al-Mashraq al-Arabi), including the new Arab political and cultural formulations. Moreover, through the Arabic letter, North African artists, as all other Arab artists, found a solution to the modernist paradigm that demanded a severance with history and tradition. The Arabic letter served as a point of connection between their past and the present.
Sites of Refuge: A Photo-essay from Three Works
Authors: Searle Berni
Published: June 2010

Humanity ceaselessly seeks sites of refuge and reference points for values in territories offering possibilities for identifications and putting down roots. It is within this context that I would like to consider the relationship among three bodies of my work, namely, Seeking Refuge (2008), Mute (2008), and Home and Away (2003).
Exceeding Realism: Utopian Modern Art on the Nile and Abdel Hadi Al-Gazzar's Surrealistic Drawings
Authors: Shalem Avinoam
Published: June 2010

From a sociocultural point of view, the term modern and its implications have formed, shaped, and even dictated the collective identity of the twentieth century. Therefore, questions relating to the birth of this term, its assessment, its manipulative methods, and especially its mechanisms of use, appliance, and adaptation must be critically addressed. The discourse of modernism within the postcolonial context in Asia and Africa seems to be unavoidable.

This essay discusses a particular moment in the history of Egypt, in which a modern supplement, or rather injection, was slipped into the blood of the Egyptian national identity. Thus, this essay deals with modernity in translation in the postcolonial zone and contributes to the effort to highlight the artistic activity in the Muslim world in the twentieth century—a century that has been mainly defined as Western and usually excludes any non-European and non-Western components from its modern discourse. In this article, several drawings and paintings of the modern Egyptian artist Abdel Hadi Al-Gazzar are discussed. The core of the discussion, however, centers on four of al-Gazzar's surrealist drawings that also include surrealist poems, written either by Al-Gazzar or by the Alexandrian poet Ahmad Mursi. These works of art clearly adopt the surrealist aesthetic language, both visual and verbal. The drawings illustrate a particular zeitgeist in the Egyptian artistic milieu and mirror the individual and genuine artistic response of Al-Gazzar to the utopian and almost mythical status given to surrealism in Egypt in the first half of the twentieth century. In addition, his works will be dealt with here as a reflection of the changing social and political context in Egypt at the end of the 1940s and during the 1950s.
Modernity and Postcolonial Ambivalence
Authors: Enwezor Okwui
Published: June 2010

There is a dual narrative that is often taken to be characteristic of modernity: the first is the idea of its unique Europeanness, and the second is its translatability into non-European cultures. This narrative argues for the mutability of modernity, thus permitting its export and enhancing its universal character while putting a European epistemological stamp on its subsequent reception. The traveling character of this dimension of modernity as export understands modernity as emerging from Europe, say, from the mid-fifteenth century, and slowly spreading outward like a million points of light into the patches of darkness that lie outside its foundational center. Modernity in this guise was projected as an instrument of progress. The guiding concepts often associated with it—instrumental rationality, the development of capitalism—emerged in the debate between theological and scientific reason. These concepts also provided the foundation for the Renaissance and Enlightenment in Europe, in which feudalism and theological absolutism—two structures of power and domination that marked the Middle Ages—collapsed. Scientific rationality and individual property, which formed the basis of capital accumulation, were triumphant. The collapse of feudalism and theological absolutism shifted the scales of sovereign power from the theological to the secular.
Mrs Hanan Farraj & Mr Bassem Farraj vs. 1. King's Healthcare NHS Trust & 2. Cytogenic DNA Services Limited
Authors: Gillings Stuart
Published: June 2010

Mrs Farraj, a patient of a Jordanian hospital, was concerned that her pregnancy might be affected by beta thalassaemia major (BTM). Her obstetrician sent a small, blood-stained and poor quality tissue sample to King's Healthcare NHS Trust to test. King's sent it to Cytogenetic DNA Services Ltd., a private laboratory, with instructions to ‘culture only’. King's analysed the cultured sample and reported that all was well. When the child was born that reassurance proved wrong. He had BTM, with the lifetime consequences for treatment and care which that condition entails. King's analysis had been carried out on maternal not fetal tissue. The parents sued the hospital and the laboratory, and succeeded against both at a High Court trial on liability and jurisdiction. The judge found there had been a fundamental failure of communication between the hospital and the laboratory. King's appealed against the judgment. The Claimants cross-appealed, relying on the judgment but also arguing that King's had a non-delegable duty of care. The Court of Appeal found in favour of King's on the appeal and cross-appeal. The laboratory is liable for the parents' damages and for the legal costs of the parents and of King's. The case has implications for legal advisers and risk managers when services are contracted out to private providers, though the outcome of the argument on non-delegable duty of care may have been different if Mrs Farraj had been directly under King's care as a patient.
Death and quality in cardiac surgery
Authors: Nashef Samer AM
Published: June 2010

Quality monitoring in medicine was a neglected field until the last two decades. Doctors traditionally did their best, but how good that was could not be evaluated. This situation remains in some areas of medicine, but specialties with clearly-defined interventions and outcomes have progressed in quality of care evaluation, and cardiac surgery leads the way. Measuring the risk of an intervention allows prediction of the outcome and is essential for quality monitoring: without knowing the predicted outcome, the actual outcome cannot be evaluated. Cardiac surgery risk models like EuroSCORE and others have been adopted worldwide, so that measuring risk-adjusted performance is now an integral part of the delivery of good cardiac surgical care. When mortality for a procedure is higher for one surgeon (or hospital) than another, this can be due to one of three reasons, or a combination of the three: the difference is due to chance, or variation in risk profile, or better and safer service. We now have the tools to distinguish between the above factors. We can also observe performance over time: cusum curves plot the performance of surgeons and hospitals by showing hypothetical ‘lives saved’. This provides early warning of deterioration in performance before a problem reaches statistical significance. With the appropriate tools, it is possible not only to identify a problem, but also to anticipate and thus prevent a problem from happening. Monitoring clinical performance is an exciting and rewarding field for future development, and one that will yield real improvements in patient outcomes.
Monitoring viral RNA in infected cells with LNA flow-FISH
Authors: Robertson Kelly L. , Verhoeven Anne Brooks , Thach Dzung C. , Chang Eddie L.
Published: June 2010

We previously showed the feasibility of using locked nucleic acid (LNA) for flow cytometric–fluorescence in situ hybridization (LNA flow-FISH) detection of a target cellular mRNA. Here we demonstrate how the method can be used to monitor viral RNA in infected cells. We compared the results of the LNA flow-FISH with other methods of quantifying virus replication, including the use of an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) viral construct and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. We found that an LNA probe complementary to Sindbis virus RNA is able to track the increase in viral RNA over time in early infection. In addition, this method is comparable to the EGFP construct in sensitivity, with both peaking around 3 h and at the same level of infected cells. Finally, we observed that the LNA flow-FISH method responds to the decrease in levels of viral RNA caused by antiviral medication. This technique represents a straightforward way to monitor viral infection in cells and is easily applicable to any virus.
Direct detection of RNA in vitro and in situ by target-primed RCA: The impact of E. coli RNase III on the detection efficiency of RNA sequences distanced far from the 3′-end
Authors: Merkiene Egle , Gaidamaviciute Edita , Riauba Laurynas , Janulaitis Arvydas , Lagunavicius Arunas
Published: June 2010

We improved the target RNA-primed RCA technique for direct detection and analysis of RNA in vitro and in situ. Previously we showed that the 3′ → 5′ single-stranded RNA exonucleolytic activity of Phi29 DNA polymerase converts the target RNA into a primer and uses it for RCA initiation. However, in some cases, the single-stranded RNA exoribonucleolytic activity of the polymerase is hindered by strong double-stranded structures at the 3′-end of target RNAs. We demonstrate that in such hampered cases, the double-stranded RNA-specific Escherichia coli RNase III efficiently assists Phi29 DNA polymerase in converting the target RNA into a primer. These observations extend the target RNA-primed RCA possibilities to test RNA sequences distanced far from the 3′-end and customize this technique for the inner RNA sequence analysis.
Transcriptome and targetome analysis in MIR155 expressing cells using RNA-seq
Authors: Xu Guorong , Fewell Claire , Taylor Christopher , Deng Nan , Hedges Dale , Wang Xia , Zhang Kun , Lacey Michelle , Zhang Haitao , Yin Qinyan , Cameron Jennifer , Lin Zhen , Zhu Dongxiao , Flemington Erik K.
Published: June 2010

Previous studies have demonstrated the utility of microarray expression analysis to identify potential microRNA targets. Nevertheless, technical limitations intrinsic to this platform constrain its ability to fully exploit the potential of assessing transcript level changes to explore microRNA targetomes. High-throughput multiplexed Illumina-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) provides a digital readout of absolute transcript levels and imparts a higher level of accuracy and dynamic range than microarray platforms. We used Illumina NGS to analyze transcriptome changes induced by the human microRNA MIR155. This analysis resulted in a larger inferred targetome than similar studies carried out using microarray platforms. A comparison with 3′ UTR reporter data demonstrated general concordance between NGS and corresponding 3′ UTR reporter results. Nonharmonious results were investigated more deeply using transcript structure information assembled from the NGS data. This analysis revealed that transcript structure plays a substantial role in mitigated targeting and in frank targeting failures. With its high level of accuracy, its broad dynamic range, its utility in assessing transcript structure, and its capacity to accurately interrogate global direct and indirect transcriptome changes, NGS is a useful tool for investigating the biology and mechanisms of action of microRNAs.
The HCV IRES pseudoknot positions the initiation codon on the 40S ribosomal subunit
Authors: Berry Katherine E. , Waghray Shruti , Doudna Jennifer A.
Published: June 2010

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) genomic RNA contains an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) in its 5′ untranslated region, the structure of which is essential for viral protein translation. The IRES includes a predicted pseudoknot interaction near the AUG start codon, but the results of previous studies of its structure have been conflicting. Using mutational analysis coupled with activity and functional assays, we verified the importance of pseudoknot base pairings for IRES-mediated translation and, using 35 mutants, conducted a comprehensive study of the structural tolerance and functional contributions of the pseudoknot. Ribosomal toeprinting experiments show that the entirety of the pseudoknot element positions the initiation codon in the mRNA binding cleft of the 40S ribosomal subunit. Optimal spacing between the pseudoknot and the start site AUG resembles that between the Shine–Dalgarno sequence and the initiation codon in bacterial mRNAs. Finally, we validated the HCV IRES pseudoknot as a potential drug target using antisense 2′-OMe oligonucleotides.
Bayesian estimation of semiparametric nonlinear dynamic factor analysis models using the Dirichlet process prior
Authors: Chow Sy‐Miin , Tang Niansheng , Yuan Ying , Song Xinyuan , Zhu Hongtu
Published: June 2010

Parameters in time series and other dynamic models often show complex range restrictions and their distributions may deviate substantially from multivariate normal or other standard parametric distributions. We use the truncated Dirichlet process (DP) as a non‐parametric prior for such dynamic parameters in a novel nonlinear Bayesian dynamic factor analysis model. This is equivalent to specifying the prior distribution to be a mixture distribution composed of an unknown number of discrete point masses (or clusters). The stick‐breaking prior and the blocked Gibbs sampler are used to enable efficient simulation of posterior samples. Using a series of empirical and simulation examples, we illustrate the flexibility of the proposed approach in approximating distributions of very diverse shapes.
Antenatal Consent in the SUPPORT Trial: Challenges, Costs, and Representative Enrollment
Authors: Rich Wade D. , Auten Kathy J. , Gantz Marie G. , Hale Ellen C. , Hensman Angelita M. , Newman Nancy S. , Finer Neil N. ,   for the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network
Published: June 2010

OBJECTIVES:

The purposes of this study were to quantify the time and effort involved in obtaining prenatal consent for the Neonatal Research Network Surfactant Positive Airway Pressure and Pulse Oximetry Randomized Trial (SUPPORT) and to determine whether the enrolled infants were representative of the eligible population.

METHODS:

Eligible subjects were likely to deliver in the SUPPORT gestational age window (24–2767 weeks). Data included who approached the subjects for consent, how often they approached, the duration of each contact, whether consent was obtained, and whether subjects were enrolled in the trial. Eligible, nonenrolled infants entered into the Neonatal Research Network Generic Database throughout the period of SUPPORT enrollment were compared with enrolled infants.

RESULTS:

A total of 2826 women were identified at 18 sites, 2228 were approached for consent, and 1219 (54.7%) agreed. For 76.9% of those approached, <3 visits (mean: 2.0 ± 1.2 visits) were required to complete the consent process. Of the 659 infants with consent who were delivered within the study window, 611 were enrolled. Mothers who received a neonatal consultation were more likely to give consent (P < .001). The proportion of infants not exposed to steroids was significantly greater in the nonapproached group than in the approached group (20.0% vs 3.4%; P < .0001).

CONCLUSION:

In a trial that involved preterm infants and required prenatal consent, >5 women were identified as being likely to deliver in the SUPPORT gestational age window for each 1 who delivered an enrolled infant.
A spontán pneumothorax kezelése különös tekintettel a videothoracoscopiára
Authors: Szentkereszty Zsolt , Csiszkó Adrienn , Boros Miklós , Veres Lukács , Sz. Kiss Sándor
Published: June 2010

Absztrakt

Bevezetés: A spontán pneumothorax kezelésében a mellkasdrainage mellett a videothoracoscopia jelentős szerepet játszik. Jelen közlemény célja a különböző terápiás eljárások értékelése, a korai eredmények szempontjából. Betegek és módszer: A szerzők 5 év alatt 243 beteget (184 férfi, 59 nő) 302 esetben kezeltek spontán pneumothorax miatt. A primer pneumothorax miatt kezelt 114 beteg átlagéletkora (23,1 ± 5 év) szignifikánsan alacsonyabb volt a 129 szekunder ptx (51,5 ± 15 év) miatt kezeltekénél. Partialis pneumothorax esetén observatio 24 (8%), aspiráció 6 (2%) esetben történt. A mellkas csövezését 241 (67,6%) esetben végezték. Műtéti indikáció volt a recidív, a korábbi ellenoldali, valamint a drainage hatására nem gyógyuló pneumothorax. Videothoracoscopiát 71 (23,5%), minithoracotomiát 5 (1,7%), axillaris thoracotomiát 13 (4,3%) esetben indikáltak. A műtétet 25 esetben partialis pleurectomiával, 32 esetben talcumos, 3 esetben mechanikus pleurodesisszel egészítették ki. Eredmények: A konzervatív kezelés 80%-ban, a drainage 84,7%-ban vezetett gyógyuláshoz. A 71 VATS során 8 esetben (11,3%) konvertálták a műtétet. VATS, thoracotomia és minithoracotomia után valamennyi beteg meggyógyult. A posztoperatív szövődmények aránya VATS után 6,3%, thoracotomia után 7,7% volt. Az ápolási napok száma drainage után 8,5, VATS után 9,1, thoracotomia után 11,3 nap volt. A szekunder ptx-os csoportban drainage utáni ápolási idő (9,2 vs. 7,4 nap) szignifikánsan, a halálozás (2,6 vs. 0%) nem volt szignifikánsan magasabb, mint a primer ptx-os csoportban. Következtetés: A szekunder spontán légmell az idősebb korosztályt érinti, az ápolási idő és mortalitás magasabb, mint a primer ptx miatt kezelteknél. Kezelés alapvetően a mellkasi drainage. Recidíva, a drainage eredménytelensége és ellenoldali korábbi pneumothorax esetén elsősorban VATS javasolt.
Acenocumarol-túladagolás okozta rectus abdominis bevérzések
Authors: Antal András , Kovács Zoltán , Varga József , Horváth László
Published: June 2010

Absztrakt

A betegek tartós anticoagulans kezelésére gyakran választjuk az acenocumarolt. A gyógyszer túladagolása esetén a szervezet különböző helyein bevérzés keletkezhet. Három betegünknél különleges helyen, a rectus abdominis területén figyeltük meg suffusiók kialakulását. A jelenség diagnosztikus nehézséget okozhat, mivel a panaszok kezdetekor a hasfal bőrén elszíneződés nem látszik. A kórok megállapítását az anamnaesisben szereplő tartós véralvadásgátló-szedés segíti. A tapintáskor észlelt nyomásérzékeny hasfali rezisztencia a gyanút fokozza. A magas INR a haemorrhagiás szövődmény lehetőségét támogatja. Egyszerű esetben a diagnózis az anamnaesis, a tapintás, az INR és az ultrahang alapján felállítható. A bonyolultabb esetek tisztázásában a CT segíthet, de egyik betegünknél csak laparoscopiával jutottunk pontos diagnózishoz. A csökkent plazma-prothrombinszintet K-vitamin adásával minden esetben normalizálni tudtuk.
Acut hasi katasztrófát okozó, kizáródott, traumás eredetű rekeszsérv több évvel a balesetet követően
Authors: Pataki István , Horzov Myroslav , Chanis William
Published: June 2010

Absztrakt

A balesetből kifolyólag keletkezett rekeszsérvet szövődmények esetén az életet veszélyeztető állapotok közé soroljuk. Főleg tompa hasi vagy mellkasi erőbehatások hozhatják létre, de előfordulnak nyílt sérülések esetében is. Békeidőben elsősorban közlekedési balesetek következményei. A bemutatott 59 éves férfibetegünk tipikus esete az acutan fel nem ismert és 16 év elteltével hasi katasztrófát okozó, kizáródott trauma eredetű rekeszsérvnek. A beteget ezen időszak alatt mellüregi izzadmány és COPD miatt kezelték.
Systematics of Allomedeia, a New Genus of Afrotropical Chloropidae (Diptera)
Authors: Mlynarek Julia J , Wheeler Terry A
Published: June 2010

Allomedeia new genus is described for five new species of oscinelline Chloropidae from the Afrotropical region. The following species are described; Allomedeia prolata new species (Kenya, Uganda); Allomedeia pulva new species (South Africa); Allomedeia stuckenbergi new species (South Africa); Allomedeia xanthotes new species (South Africa, type species of genus); and Allomedeia xuthomaina new species (Nigeria). Three additional species from South Africa and Nigeria represented only by females or damaged specimens are not formally described but are included in a key to species. Allomedeia belongs to the tribe Elachipterini, in a clade that also includes the Old World tropical genera Disciphus Becker, Alombus Becker, Sepsidoscinis Hendel, and Anatrichus Loew.
Molecular Cloning and Expression Pattern of a Lysophospholipase Gene from Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
Authors: Liu Yan-Qun , Li Yu-Ping , Wu Song , Xia Run-Xi , Shi Sheng-Lin , Qin Li , Lu Cheng , Xiang Zhong-Huai
Published: June 2010

Lysophospholipase (LysoPLA) is one of the most important deacylating phospholipases. The LysoPLA gene from Antheraea pernyi (Guérin-Méneville) (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) (ApLysoPLA), a well-known wild silkmoth, was isolated and characterized. The isolated ApLysoPLA cDNA sequence was 1151 bp, with an open reading frame of 663 bp encoding a polypeptide of 220 amino acids. The deduced ApLysoPLA protein sequence has 89 and 82% identity with Heliconius reato (L.) LysoPLA and Bombyx mori L. LysoPLA, respectively; however, it shows 66, 62, 50, and 47% identity with Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) LysoPLA, Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen) LysoPLA, Homo sapiens LysoPLA I, and Mus musculus LysoPLA I, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that lepidopteran LysoPLAs, including ApLysoPLA, might be a new member of the LysoPLA family. Semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the ApLysoPLA gene was transcribed during four developmental stages (egg, larva, pupa, and adult) and that it was present in all tissues tested (blood, midgut, silk glands, Malpighian tubules, spermaries, ovaries, brain, muscle, fat body, and body wall), with the most abundance in Malpighian tubules. Consequently, we refer that ApLysoPLA plays an important role in the development of A. pernyi.
Comparison of Fecundity and Body Size of Mexican and Argentinian Populations of Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
Authors: Moya-Raygoza Gustavo , Garcia-Medina Cecilia
Published: June 2010

The corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (Delong & Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), is the most important vector of maize, Zea mays L., pathogens throughout the Americas. This species originated in central Mexico, and the farthest southern latitude of the corn leafhopper' range is in Argentina. A comparison of reproductive and phenotypic traits between Argentinian and Mexican (native) populations can aid in understanding the adaptation of Argentinian populations of the same species. In this study, we compare the fecundity and body size (wing length and head width) of central Mexican D. maidis populations from low (<1,000-m) and high (>1,000-m) elevations with Argentinian D. maidis populations from low (<1,000 m) and high (>1,000 m) elevations. Argentinian populations from high elevations show higher fecundity than Mexican high elevation populations. Furthermore, Argentinian females from high elevations are larger in body size than Argentinian females from low elevations and Mexican females from low and high elevations.
Morphological Characterization and Distribution of Antennal Sensilla of Six Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Hu Fei , Zhang Guo-Na , Jia Fu-Xian , Dou Wei , Wang Jin-Jun
Published: June 2010

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are important pests of many fruits and vegetables. In this study, the external morphology, types, and distribution of antennal sensilla in both male and female adults of the six fruit fly species, including Bactrocera tau (Walker), Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett), Bactrocera minax (Enderlein), Bactrocera diaphora (Hendel), and Bactrocera scutellata (Hendel), were observed by using scanning electron microscopy. The antennae of the six fruit fly species consist of a basal scape, pedicel, and an elongated flagellum. Arising from the proximal dorsal ridge of flagellum there is an arista consisting of two short basal segments and a long thin distal segment. Six distinct morphological types of sensilla are recorded in both sexes, including microtrichial sensilla, sensilla chaetica, sensilla trichoid, sensilla basiconica, short type of sensilla basiconica, and sensilla coeloconica. The abundance and distribution of these six sensilla types on the antennae of both sexes are recorded. In addition, the possible functions of the above-mentioned sensilla types are discussed in light of previously published literature. The functions include the mechanoreception of microtrichial sensilla, sensilla chaetica, and sensilla trichoid; olfactory functions of sensilla basiconic, and sensilla coeloconica; and thermoreception of the short type of sensilla basiconica. Future functional antennal morphology and electrophysiological studies are needed to confirm these proposed functions.
Habitat and Grazing Influence on Terrestrial Ants in Subtropical Grasslands and Savannas of Argentina
Authors: Calcaterra Luis A , Cabrera Sonia M , Cuezzo Fabiana , Peréz Ignacio Jiménez , Briano Juan A
Published: June 2010

The maintenance of species diversity in modified and natural habitats is a central focus of conservation biology. The Iberá Nature Reserve (INR) protects highly diverse ecosystems in northeastern Argentina, including one of the largest freshwater wetlands in South America. Livestock grazing is one of the major disturbances to these ecosystems; however, its effect on ant diversity is poorly known. The objective of this work was to study the effect of savanna versus grassland and grazing on the structure and composition of subtropical terrestrial ants focusing on the particular response of the native red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren. Unbaited pitfall traps were used to capture worker ants in 25 grazed and 20 nongrazed sites. Fifty ant species were collected. The savanna showed more species, individuals, biomass, and functional groups of ants than the grassland. S. invicta was the most frequently captured (61.4%) and numerically dominant species; however Camponotus punctulatus punctulatus Mayr showed the highest biomass. Grazing simplified vegetation structure in both habitats, but its impact on vegetation seemed only to promote a higher total biomass especially in the grassland, and/or functional groups, favoring occurrence of hot-climate specialists in the savanna. This study revealed that habitat type strongly affected the organization of the terrestrial ant assemblages at the INR. However, as in other studies, we did not find clear evidence that habitat modification by grazing significantly affected terrestrial ant assemblages. The weak grazing influence could be the consequence of the short enclosure time as to recover the original ant communities, the differential response of ant species to habitat type, and/or the resilience of ants.
Pleistocene Diversification of theOdontophotopsis unicornisSpecies-Group (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae)
Authors: Wilson Joseph S , Pitts James P
Published: June 2010

Many recent studies have suggested that a majority of the species-level diversification in the arid-adapted North American biota was driven by mountain-building events that took place in the late Neogene (15-2 Ma). This assertion was tested with a phylogeographic analysis of the Odontophotopsis unicornis species-group by using the rDNA internal transcribed spacer regions internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1 and ITS2 and a Bayesian methodology. The validity of the two species in this species-group [Odontophotopsis unicornis Schuster and Odontophotopsis erebus (Melander) ] was tested both morphologically and molecularly. The female of O. unicornis was previously unknown and was associated with the male using molecular data. Here, O. unicornis is described and compared with that of its sister species O. erebus. Divergence dates for the O. unicornis species-group were estimated using the programs r8s and BEAST and calibrated with fossils from Dominican amber. These analyses resulted in a well supported phylogenetic tree that reinforces the notion that O. unicornis and O. erebus are distinct species. Little or no phylogenetic structuring was found among populations of either species. The species in this group seem to have evolved in the middle Pleistocene (≈1 Ma). The lack of phylogeographic structuring in each of the species of the O. unicornis speciesgroup is probably due to the recent origin of these species. This analysis represents one of the few instances of Pleistocene age species-level divergences in desert-adapted taxa.
Influence of Male Age and Diet on Reproductive Potential of Orius laevigatus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)
Authors: Bonte Maarten , Clercq Patrick De
Published: June 2010

When assessing the reproductive potential of laboratory-reared predatory insects, the role of males is often neglected, although they may have a significant impact on the reproductive output of their female mates. The current study investigated the effect of age and diet of males on the reproductive capacity of the anthocorid predator Orius laevigatus (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). The tested diets consisted of eggs of Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller) and an egg yolk-based artificial diet. Regardless of their diet, virgin females did not produce any mature oocytes, indicating that mating is required to complete ovarian development. Food source and age of the males affected the reproductive potential of their female mates. When both males and females were offered the artificial diet, male age had a significant effect on female oocyte counts. Virgin females that were mated with 0-d-old virgin males produced fewer offspring than those mated with 8-d-old virgin males. In contrast, male age did not affect fecundity when the males were fed A. kuehniella eggs. The implications of the findings for the mass production of O. laevigatus are discussed.
Revision of the Family Helotidae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea): V. Species Group Classification of the Genus Neohelota Ohta and Revisions of N. laevigata and N. helleri Species Groups
Authors: Lee C-F
Published: June 2010

Species of the genus Neohelota are classified into six species groups, and 60 species are recognized. Taxonomy of the laevigata and helleri species groups is presented in detail. Two new species are described: N. viklundi sp. nov. from Myanmar and N. satoi sp. nov. from Laos. A lectotype is designated for N. tibialis Ritsema. Protibiae, genitalia, aedeagal internal sacs, eighth abdominal tergites, and fifth abdominal ventrites are illustrated for all species.
Description of Males of Ptychoderes brevis and Ptychoderes jekeli, with a Cladistical Reanalysis of Ptychoderes (Coleoptera: Anthribidae)
Authors: Mermudes Jose Ricardo M , Mattos Ingrid
Published: June 2010

A recent study of the material housed in the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris, France) provided new information to describe and illustrate the males of Ptychoderes brevis Jordan and Ptychoderes jekeli Mermudes & Napp (Coleoptera; Anthribidae). These males were previously unknown, and their characters had never been studied by the cladistical method. A reanalysis of the genus was carried out, which included 50 characters and 24 taxa (seven as outgroup). The resulting single most-parsimonious cladogram corroborates previous hypotheses of the relationships among the genera of Ptychoderini and groups of Ptychoderes species. The male of P. brevis is characterized by; rostrum 1.5× longer than wide across base; sides not swollen between scrobe and eye; scrobe with a deep narrow extension and a deep distal pit; antennae elongated, reaching middle of elytra; ventrite I swollen, with moderately developed setiferous sex patch, closer to apical margin, clothed with dense yellow pilosity; and ventrite V with lateroapical projections not acuminate. The male of P. jekeli has rostrum slightly longer than wide across base; sides not swollen and the extension shallow; antennae exceeding apical elytron by segment XI; ventrite I with well developed setiferous sex patch, closer to apical margin and with olive green pilosity; and ventrite V strongly impressed, with lateroapical angles not projected and somewhat expanded. The relationship between P. brevis and P. jekeli was confirmed, and this group belongs to the P. crustatus+, corroborating the most basal lineage by the vestiture of the sides of prosternum with a vitta of the same color as the dorsal vestiture, and elytra transversely impressed behind the basal gibbosities.
Worldwide Diaspora of Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), a Nest Parasite of Honey Bees
Authors: Lounsberry Zachary , Spiewok Sebastian , Pernal Stephen F , Sonstegard Tad S , Hood W Michael , Pettis Jeffery , Neumann Peter , Evans Jay D
Published: June 2010

Native to sub-Saharan Africa, Aethina tumida Murray (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) is now an invasive pest of honey bee, Apis mellifera L., colonies in Australia and North America. Knowledge about the introduction (s) of this beetle from Africa into and among the current ranges will elucidate pest populations and invasion pathways and contribute to knowledge of how a parasite expands in new populations. We examined genetic variation in adult beetle samples from the United States, Australia, Canada, and Africa by sequencing a 912-base pair region of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene and screening 10 informative microsatellite loci. One Canadian introduction of small hive beetles can be traced to Australia, whereas the second introduction seems to have come from the United States. Beetles now resident in Australia were of a different African origin than were beetles in North America. North American beetles did not show covariance between two mitochondrial haplotypes and their microsatellite frequencies, suggesting that these beetles have a shared source despite having initial genetic structure within their introduced range. Excellent dispersal of beetles, aided in some cases by migratory beekeeping and the bee trade, seems to lead to panmixis in the introduced populations as well as in Africa.
Examining the Link Between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Dating Aggression Perpetration
Authors: Taft Casey T. , Schumm Jeremiah , Orazem Robert J. , Meis Laura , Pinto Lavinia A.
Published: June 2010

This study examined the role of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms with respect to dating aggression perpetration among a sample of 199 undergraduates. Almost one-third of the overall sample reported physical dating aggression perpetration in the past year, and approximately 80% reported engaging in psychological dating aggression. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses indicated that the effects of trauma exposure on dating aggression were fully indirect via PTSD symptoms. PTSD symptoms were associated with psychological dating aggression in part through its association with anger, and alcohol problems were also directly related to this outcome. Results generalize findings from other populations suggesting the salience of trauma and PTSD symptoms in intimate relationship aggression and point to possible etiological pathways for these associations.
External Barriers to Help-Seeking Encountered by Canadian Gay and Lesbian Victims of Intimate Partner Abuse: An Application of The Barriers Model
Authors: St. Pierre Melissa , Senn Charlene Y.
Published: June 2010

While understanding of intimate partner abuse (IPA) in gay and lesbian relationships has increased within the past decade, there remain several gaps in the help-seeking research. In particular, research examining the external barriers to help-seeking encountered by gay and lesbian victims of IPA has been largely atheoretical. To address this gap, an application of The Barriers Model was undertaken. This mixed-methods study surveyed 280 gay, lesbian, and/or queer participants living in Canada. Findings revealed that victims encountered external barriers in the environment (i.e., Layer 1 of the model), such as lack of availability of gay and lesbian specific services. Results also suggested that barriers due to family/socialization/role expectations (i.e., Layer 2 of the model), such as concealment of sexual orientation, had an impact on help-seeking.