bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of Determinants of Indian Rupee Valuation against US Dollar
Authors: Preeti Singhal
Published: August 2021

The value of the Indian Rupee (INR) is generally affected by demand and supply economics. India’s demand for oil and gold creates a demand for US dollars to settle the payments, as these payments need to be settled in hardcore currency. Along with this, any Indian firm’s investment outside the country also creates the demand for US Dollars for paying for the investment. On the other hand, the export of Indian goods and services, foreign direct investments (FDIs) by companies in Indian companies and subsidiaries, and the investment by foreigners in Indian stock and bond markets typically create the supply of US Dollars. Whenever the demand of INR exceeds the supply of INR, the currency appreciates and vice versa. The present paper is an effort to understand the major determinants of Indian rupee valuation conceptually. Inputs given in the paper are based on many previous studies on the same.
The Effects of Cultural Practices and Knowledge Systems on Community Development
Authors: Ngowari Gobo Blessing , Ngwu Chris. N.  , Ogbanga, Mina
Published: August 2021

Culture and knowledge systems are important for community development. Culture characterizes us as human beings and members of acommunity. A country rich, strong, and powerful country like Nigeria is made up of diverse cultural practices, ethnic groups, and knowledgesystems that help in shaping her day-to-day life and activities. Knowledge systems held by most communities are based on theirexperience and adaptation to their culture, education, crafts, religion, theatre, natural resources management arts, dance, and music. Thispaper adopted the secondary data design in eliciting relevant information to buttress the topic considered. The purpose of this paper is toattempt the effects of cultural practices and knowledge systems on community development. In conclusion, this paper suggests thatcommunity leaders, policymakers, and relevant bodies must take up actions that preserve these cultural practices and knowledge systemsthat help in community development.
Stock Price Volatility of NSE Thematic Consumption Index: An Econometric Analysis
Authors: Sengupta Indrani , Dhaval Maheta
Published: August 2021

Had the Indian economy been a person, its income in 2020-21 and 2021-22 would be much less than what it was in 2019-20. This is whatthe recent World Bank predictions say. There is vast, perhaps unparalleled, economic pain ahead.The World Bank released its Global Economic Prospects report in the second week of June, expecting India’s gross domestic product(GDP) to contract by 3.2% in 2020-21. A moderate recovery growth is expected from 3.1% in 2021-22. India is not the only country thatwill face this quandary. As per the statistics, generally March and April each contributes to the sales turnover of 12% every year, butMarch 2020 has witnessed a downfall of 55% year on year amidst the corona-induced lockdown. Undoubtedly, the pandemic has atremendous impact on these, but the industry certainly needs to cope with the current situation and some key transitions should be madein their approach to sales, logistics, marketing to customer service. So, as an investor, we need to know how the consumption market wasjust before the Covid-19 hit the Indian premise. The consumption industry is further segregated into durable, non-durable goods andservices industries.This paper compares the price volatility of the stock prices of three firms that are into consumer goods with its related NSE Niftyconsumption index. Data has been taken from the NSE website and the time period of the study is 2015-2019. The data has further beentreated with time series analysis using multiple regression which tries to test whether there is any connection between the trends of the stockprices of firms vis-à-vis the Nifty index of the sector. The study also attempts to identify patterns between the regressor and theregressands.
Socio Economic Status and Time Management Skill of Women Teachers In Higher Education
Authors: Indira A  , V. Bala Chandra Maree
Published: August 2021

The modern woman is toiling hard to prove her worth on the fronts, her household, and her place of employment. Taking up careers createsthe need for the homemakers to fulfill dual roles – homemaking and wage-earning. Homemaking itself is a full-time job, over which thecareer demands another eight to ten hours of homemaker’s time daily. Good time management provided the ability to keep a balance inour lives or to recognize where the imbalance is. For instance, is all our focus on work rather than on leisure and social activities good?What about our family and those near and dear to us-are they allowed to play an important role in our lives, or are they constantly brushedto one side?The overall objective of the study is to analyze the socio-economic conditions of women married teachers in Higher Education in Dindiguland to examine their time management practices and skill. The nature of adjustments made by the respondents to solve the problemsmainly includes help from family members and friends, postponement of less important activities, and use of leave. The study observed thatfor the majority of the respondents, achieving goals related to the use of time is mainly due to proper use of available time and efficiency inattaining responsibilities in a limited time. This again reflects how the women teachers are successful in meeting their responsibilities
The Effects of Protectionist Policies in Romania
Authors: Kulkarni Kishore G. , Rata Nina
Published: August 2021

Protectionism is an economic doctrine that consists of protecting the national economy by limiting or prohibiting the import of foreignproducts. A country can filter foreign exchange through various protectionist, tariff (involves the use of customs barriers) and non-tariff(using barriers such as quotas, technical rules, administrative formalities, etc.).Governments resort to trade policy measures in a widevariety of situations: to balance the balance of payments, for a better allocation of resources (by promoting certain industries or sectorsconsidered promising), to redistribute the national income, etc. Most commonly, however, they are used when domestic industries cannotcope with external competition.The main cause is their lack of competitiveness concerning foreign producers. For this reason, states often prefer to protect their domesticindustries through trade policy measures, despite the negative effects they have on the economy as a whole. This paper outlines someissues specific to protectionist theories in foreign trade and their impact on a small country like Romania also protectionist theories, tradepolicies, and arguments in support of and against protectionism.
Measuring The Relationship Between Customer Satisfaction, Service Quality and Corporate Image: A Case Study of Airtel and BSNL
Authors: Pandey Amitabh , Jain Manjula
Published: August 2021

In the light of the changes taking place in the business world as a result of globalization, liberalization, and increasing competition nocompany can afford to ignore the importance of favourable (corporate) image since it reflects the character of a company. The morefavourable is the image, the more active people are in recommending a company’s products to their friends and relatives. The mainpurpose of the above study is to measure the relationship between service quality, customer satisfaction, and corporate image. A samplesize of 1000 customers has been taken in the study comprising of 500 Airtel and BSNL users each. The analysis indicates that both thevariables customer satisfaction and service quality have been found to be significant predictors of the corporate image of the telecomcompanies.
Defining Clinically Pathogenic HLA-Specific Antibodies - Granular Details in Characteristics in Pre and Early Time Following HLA-Antibody Incompatible Kidney Transplantation
Authors:   Renal department, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK,   Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, UK, Babu Adarsh ,   Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, UK,   University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry UK, Khovanova Natasha ,   School of Engineering, University of Warwick, UK, Higgins Robert ,   Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, UK,   University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry UK
Published: August 2021

Antibodies against donor HLA determine access to solid organ transplantation and in many cases the outcome of transplantation, but graft failure is not an inevitable consequence of their presence. Much research has been performed with two main aims – which antibodies represent the highest risk factor prior to transplantation, and second to understand how donor specific HLA antibodies behave after transplantation, with a long-term aim of being able to manipulate their production. HLA antibody incompatible kidney transplantation is the best model for examining antibody responses and this review looks at methods for interrogating the antibodies using ‘traditional’ snapshot techniques such as cytoxicity testing, and newer dissection techniques such as antibody subclass, complement binding and activity and affinity. Integral to the understanding of the large datasets generated is sophisticated mathematical analysis using techniques such as decision tree analysis and unsupervised machine learning. This review examines key aspects of this work, performed by us and others.
The Successes and Challenges of Implementing Telehealth for Diverse Patient Populations Requiring Prenatal Care During COVID-19: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Farrell Ruth , Collart Christina , Craighead Caitlin , Pierce Madelyn , Chien Edward , Frankel Richard , Tucker Edmonds Brownsyne , Perni Uma , Coleridge Marissa , Ranzini Angela C , Rose Susannah
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Although telehealth appears to have been accepted among some obstetric populations before the COVID-19 pandemic, patients’ receptivity and experience with the rapid conversion of this mode of health care delivery are unknown.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we examine patients' prenatal care needs, preferences, and experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the aim of supporting the development of successful models to serve the needs of pregnant patients, obstetric providers, and health care systems during this time.

METHODS

This study involved qualitative methods to explore pregnant patients’ experiences with prenatal health care delivery at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted in-depth interviews with pregnant patients in the first and second trimester of pregnancy who received prenatal care in Cleveland, Ohio, from May to July 2020. An interview guide was used to probe experiences with health care delivery as it rapidly evolved at the onset of the pandemic.

RESULTS

Although advantages of telehealth were noted, there were several concerns noted with the broad implementation of telehealth for prenatal care during the pandemic. This included concerns about monitoring the pregnancy at home; the need for additional reassurance for the pregnancy, given the uncertainties presented by the pandemic; and the ability to have effective patient-provider discussions via a telehealth visit. The need to tailor telehealth to prenatal health care delivery was noted.

CONCLUSIONS

Although previous studies have demonstrated that telehealth is a flexible and convenient alternative for some prenatal appointments, our study suggests that there may be specific needs and concerns among the diverse patient groups using this modality during the pandemic. More research is needed to understand patients' experiences with telehealth during the pandemic and develop approaches that are responsive to the needs and preferences of patients.
Dicionário monolíngue de língua estrangeira: visitas guiadas como instrumentalização para uma autonomia no aprendizado da língua
Authors: Hwang Álvaro David
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho inspira-se na preocupação de muitos estudiosos de lexicografia em promover o papel dos dicionários no ensino/aprendizagem de línguas. Com base num suporte teórico de autores como Binon e Verlinde (1999), Lehmann (2014) e Galisson (1983, 1987), cujos trabalhos abordam o papel do dicionário como ferramenta de aprendizagem, propomos aqui uma visita guiada a um dicionário monolíngue de língua francesa, a exemplo daquelas que comumente são propostas para uma abordagem pedagógica em museus, catedrais e monumentos, a fim de promover, junto aos potenciais usuários de obras lexicográficas dessa natureza, uma familiarização com o enunciado lexicográfico e, por conseguinte, um interesse por uma leitura mais observadora das informações, tendo como objetivo principal a compreensão de que a consulta pode se transformar num espaço de descobertas que vai além daquilo que, eventualmente, suscitou a consulta. Esse percurso tem um valor puramente demonstrativo, de modo que, diante de suas múltiplas configurações possíveis e o interesse por aspectos específicos e variados da descrição, ele pode ser enriquecido e direcionado de outras formas por aqueles que compreendem que relegar o usuário à própria sorte, armado apenas do domínio da ordem alfabética, não basta para um bom aproveitamento do uso dos dicionários. As visitas guiadas teriam, nesse sentido, um papel importante também como exercício de sedução, com o intuito de estreitar as relações do usuário com o dicionário.
O caráter patológico na definição de homossexualidade em dicionários escolares
Authors: Barbosa Pauler Castorino Oliveira , Xavier Vanessa Regina Duarte
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho almeja discutir a feição patológica presente no verbete “homossexualismo” em dicionários escolares do tipo 4, que são destinados a estudantes do ensino médio. À luz dos estudos da Lexicografia, pretende-se discutir as implicações da definição de “homossexualismo” em uma sociedade que ainda discrimina a comunidade de lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, transexuais, queer e mais (LGBTQ+). Para isso, foram utilizados como aporte teórico os textos de Gianastacio (2009), Dapena (2002), Borba (2003), dentre outros que estudam, respectivamente, o sufixo -ismo, Lexicografia e ideologia em obras lexicográficas. Os resultados apontam que os organizadores das obras supramencionadas tendem a deixar suas ideologias marcadas no verbete analisado.
Determinantes de gastos en salud durante el último año de vida de la población mexicana de 50 años o más
Authors:   Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, Zazueta-Borboa Jesus Daniel , Ham-Chande Roberto ,   El Colegio de la Frontera Norte
Published: August 2021

En las edades mayores el último año de vida es cuando la salud más se deteriora y es la etapa más demandante de atención médica y de cuidados. En consecuencia, también es la etapa más costosa. Se analizan diferencias por sexo en los determinantes de los gastos en salud por cuenta propia durante el último año de vida de personas de 50 o más, usando la encuesta del Estudio Nacional de Salud y Envejecimiento en México. Con estimaciones de gasto en tres niveles: ninguno, medio-bajo, y alto, controlando por variables sociodemográficas los resultados indican que el número de noches de hospital es la mayor determinante de gastos en salud, por encima de los relacionados con las enfermedades reconocidas como causa de muerte. Este factor tiene implicaciones en los gastos tanto por cuenta propia y como de las instituciones médicas. Son temas relevantes ante los cambios en el sistema de salud pública.
Matrimonio forzado y embarazo adolescente en indígenas en Amatenango del Valle, Chiapas. Una mirada desde las relaciones de género y el cambio reproductivo
Authors:   El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Luna-Pérez Juana , Nazar-Beutelspacher Austreberta ,   El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Mariaca-Méndez Ramón ,   El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Ramírez-Pérez Dulce Karol ,   Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas
Published: August 2021

En este estudio, se analizan los cambios en la frecuencia del matrimonio forzado y del embara-zo adolescente en una comunidad indígena tseltal de Chiapas. Fueron utilizadas metodologías cuantitativas y cualitativas, así como una revisión de fuentes secundarias de información. Los resultados muestran que el matrimonio forzado ha disminuido y, entre las más jóvenes se han incrementado las uniones “voluntarias” que acompañan la disminución de la edad de unión. Lo anterior, pese al incremento de la escolaridad de las mujeres, el acceso al trabajo remunerado y a los métodos anticonceptivos. Se discute el papel de las relaciones de género en el matrimonio forzado y el embarazo adolescente, así como el posible impacto que tendría la modificación de la legislación para prohibir el matrimonio infantil en México.
Trabajo infantil doméstico y violencias en la ciudad de Tapachula, Chiapas 2017-2018
Authors:   Universidad de Buenos Aires, Miranda-Juárez Sarai
Published: August 2021

El objetivo del artículo es identificar las violencias que se intersectan contra niñas y adolescentes trabajadoras domésticas en la ciudad de Tapachula, Chiapas. Se enfatiza en las violencias racia-les asociadas al origen étnico y la condición migratoria. La metodología aplicada es cualitativa e incluyó diversas estrategias puestas en marcha de julio de 2017 a julio de 2018. Se aplicaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas a niñas y adolescentes inmigrantes e indígenas procedentes de Guatemala que realizan trabajo doméstico en hogares de terceros y a otros actores involucrados. Se observaron reiteradas violencias a razón de la etnia, género, edad y condición migratoria, que se ejercen en un contexto local caracterizado por inercias globales imbuidas de miedo e inseguri-dad frente a lo extranjero. Se muestra la renovación de discursos xenofóbicos y estigmatizadores por parte de las oligarquías y clases medias locales, que al ejercer violencias se benefician de trabajo doméstico y de cuidado a muy bajo costo.
Población y desarrollo sostenible en México: revisión de sus relaciones complejas
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, González-Bejarano Diego Abelardo , Holguín-García Margarita Josefina ,   Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Published: August 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo revisar la relación entre la población y los indicadores del desarrollo para México en el periodo de 2010 a 2016. Iniciamos con la revisión del desarrollo conceptual, metodológico e instrumental aplicado a la experiencia del México reciente. Se pro-pone una visión de conjunto de los conceptos e indicadores que constituyen un sistema que puede orientar la discusión respecto del avance en la consecución de objetivos y metas determinados de la población y el desarrollo sostenible de México. En términos simples el trabajo busca revisar qué variables se integran al binomio de la población y desarrollo sostenible. Para empezar, se sostiene que la dimensión demográfica está ausente en la discusión del desarrollo sostenible y que merece una revisión desde el punto de vista sistémico.
¿Migraciones transnacionales en crisis? Debates críticos desde el cono sudamericano (1970-2020)
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Lube Guizardi Menara , Stefoni Carolina ,   Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Gonzálvez-Torralbo Herminia ,   Universidad Central de Chile, Mardones-Charlone Pablo ,   Universidad Central de Chile
Published: August 2021

El artículo discute las regularidades y contradicciones de las diversas formas de migración trans-nacional en, desde y hacia Latinoamérica, enfocándose, particularmente, en el Cono-Sur Ameri-cano. Para tal, reincorporamos nuestras experiencias investigadoras en Argentina, Brasil y Chile contrastándolas con la revisión del estado del arte sobre migración transnacional latinoamerica-na. Primero, analizaremos el periodo entre 1970 y 2001, caracterizado por las tensiones del final de la guerra fría, por la globalización y por la emergencia de una “euforia multicultural” vincula-da al neoliberalismo de fin de siglo. Segundo, abordaremos los “impulsos desglobalizantes” que caracterizan la transición entre el 2001 y el 2015. Tercero, abordaremos el escenario “posglo-balizante” y la “crisis migratoria” en América Latina desde 2015. Finalizamos con reflexiones analíticas sobre los usos del transnacionalismo migrante en Sudamérica.
Implementation of Principles of New Urbanism on Malegaon City (Nashik District)
Authors: Aher Ms. Jayshree B.
Published: August 2021

Abstract: In the past era the towns were formed by settlements of people around their place of work. The workers used to construct temporary residences as close to their workplace such as factories and industries to reduce travelling distances. These temporary residences eventually converted into permanent residences and in the same way entire towns were established. Due to lack of planning and haphazard uncontrolled land usage various problems started to grow in these towns. This project focuses on one such town named Malegaon in Nashik district in Maharashtra. This town was formed by accumulation of handloom workers around handloom industries which have been in this city for many decades. Improper distribution of land and lack of planning of development have given rise to problems such as traffic congestions, poverty, riots between multiple communities, lack of employment opportunities other than looms and overall deprivation of standard of living. This project focuses on solving a few of these problems by implementation of principles of new urbanism on the Malegaon city. The principles upon implementation will help to improve transportation efficiency, easier access to public facilities and utilities, elevation of standard of living of the citizens and overall development of the area. Keywords: New Urbanism, Malegaon, Nashik, Walkability, Connectivity, Diversity, Housing, Transportation, Sustainability, neighborhood, Density, Architecture
Large Deformation Analysis of Rubber by Software Fusion 360
Authors: Dudipala Sathvik Reddy
Published: August 2021

Abstract: This paper articulates you the large deformation procedure of a rubber sheet. Nowadays, material selection of a component is very important as per the trend and compact ability, materials like rubber nitrile, rubber silicone is considered for the structural analysis of rubber. By the application of Fusion 360 software with the boundary conditions, the parameters like stress, strain and deformation is known for the specific material. Keywords: Fusion 360, rubber, silicone, nitrile, stress, strain, deformation.
Prospects of Tourism Planning in Nashik City
Authors: Jibhau Jadhav Sachin
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Urban planning is a tool that helps in managing the things that need a spatial approach and it also helps in conducting the other activities. While planning the urban cities the past and recent condition should also be taken into account for better result. But each and every one is concern about the growth and development, though tourism includes different sectors and have different criteria according to the place, but the impact factors are almost common in all the aspects of tourism. Tourism cities have tremendous potential of research in their filed, but the problem should be identified specifically and proper methodology should be used during their process the government policies should also be taken into account and based on that solution should be plan of such places. In short recognized the impacts and work on it and according to that the urban planning should be done to boost tourism sector to next level. Once the impacts are taken out and work on such impact are carried out than the development of such places will automatically goes on increasing and it help to keep the environment and that specific place neat and clean and also help it to grow it original and natural beauty. Nashik city in Maharashtra state is one of the oldest city which have most important historical ,culturally and religious importance and one of the city who hold kumbha mela and most of the people visit this city throughout the year and if the impacts are solved at it basic and ground level than the development may rapidly increase and gives better life to the surrounding environment.
Application of Virtual Reality (VR) Technologies in Management and Education
Authors: Sosnilo A. I.
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes immersive education, augmented and virtual reality technologies and their forms of application in modern economic conditions both abroad and in Russia. Advantages and disadvantages of application of these technologies and constraints of their development are outlined. Reasons and factors inﬂuencing the application of these technologies in manage-ment and education are justiﬁed. We studied the change in interest in the concept of “virtual reality” according to the search queries of the Google trends service. The practice of AR/VR tools application in management and educational process was summarized. Statistics on the prospects for the development of the global market for virtual and augmented reality tech-nologies were analyzed. The domestic practice of development of AR/VR projects and platforms is summarized. Proposals for the development of immersive technologies in education and business are formulated.
Digital Transformation Strategy as a Tool for Implementing the Business Strategy of a Company in the Oil and Gas Sector of Modern Russia
Authors: Kuklina E. A.
Published: August 2021

The article provides a classiﬁcation of the factors of increased risk of functioning of the up-stream business segment of the oil and gas industry (natural, predictive, behavioral). The results of the analysis of the implementation of innovative development programs by the leading Russian oil and gas companies in the upstream business segment are presented and the programs of their digital transformation are analyzed. The experience of developing a strategy for the digital transformation of a Russian vertically integrated oil company (using the example of Gazprom Neft) is considered. Key problems of digitalization of the industry are formulated and promising directions for their solution are proposed.
Measures for the Development of Investment Activity as an Incentive for Economic Growth
Authors: Miroshnikov S. N.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the issues of state management of investment attractiveness and capi-tal investment increase. It is shown that among the problematic issues are the development of infrastructure, long-term predictability of project implementation conditions, reducing the costs of investors in the implementation of investment projects and access to ﬁnancial re-sources. It is concluded that attracting investment in modern conditions requires new manage-ment approaches. The possibilities of using various tools to attract and support investment projects for the development and reconstruction of infrastructure facilities are analyzed.
Problems and Prospects for the Development of the Municipal Infrastructure Management System in the Russian Federation
Authors: Katanandov S. L. , Demin A. Yu.
Published: August 2021

In modern conditions, the solution of the national development tasks of the Russian Federa-tion, aimed primarily at ensuring the high level and quality of life of the population, is constrained by the ineﬃciency of the functioning of communal infrastructure systems. The high wear and tear of its networks and facilities, as well as the lack of eﬀective management, pose many challenges. The root cause of these problems is in a contradictory system of government, in which municipal authorities, most interested (by their nature) in solving them, are deprived of the necessary resources and opportunities for making eﬀective decisions. The preservation of the situation may lead in the medium term to signiﬁcant budgetary costs for the restoration of serviceability and the development of communal infrastructure against the background of a further decrease in the quality of infrastructure services. There was a need to change the approach to addressing the problems. The article proposes this kind of approach, based on the redistribution of powers and giving local governments real opportunities to inﬂuence the management of communal infrastructure.
Waste management of traditional dairy farming for alternative energy: A feasibility study on biogas processing in Dusun Banyudono, Semarang Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Dewi Ritma Kartika , Wahyuningsih Dwi , Sari Dwi Elita , Jatiningrum Setia Humani , Handayani Widhi
Published: August 2021

Dairy farming's waste contributes to greenhouse (GHG) gas emission, and its conversion into biogas is of potential benefit to reduce emission while providing alternative energy for the dairy farmers. Although biogas conversion has been conducted in Banyudono, Semarang Regency, not all dairy farmers are interested in this biogas processing, and it seems to be related to the question of the benefit they would receive. This research aims to explain the management of the waste of dairy farming in Banyudono and a feasibility study on dairy farming in Banyudono, if biogas processing is not to be included and along with biogas processing. This study combines qualitative and quantitative approaches by conducting interviews, direct observation, documentation, and a feasibility study on biogas processing. This study finds that 8,400 kg of cow manure and 4,950 liters of urine are produced every day, by only 5.76% is processed into biogas, 11.25% is processed into manure, while 82.98% of the waste is left unused. The feasibility study indicates that biogas processing tends to increase the benefit received by independent farmers instead of the member of the dairy farmer group discussed in the study. Furthermore, our study reveals issues regarding the dairy farmers' environmental awareness, poor management of biogas distribution on the farmer group level, and technology adoption problems. Finally, a model of integrated farming system is composed to address the issue of waste management in Banyudono.
Genotyping of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Viruses Collected in Sudan Between 2009 and 2018
Authors: Knowles Nick , Raouf Yazeed A. , Wadsworth Jemma , Bi-Tarif Abdelghani , Gray Ashley R. , Habiela Mohammed , A/Almutalb Amira , Yousif Hanan , Ragab Maysa , Fouz Wefag Al , Ahmed Nussiba H. , Ibrahim Inas , Almustafa Ahmed , Tibbo Markos , Almajali Ahmad M. , Maanen Cornelis , Lyons Nicholas , King Donald
Published: August 2021

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is widely distributed in Sudan where
outbreaks occur on an annual basis especially during the winter months
(December-February). This study aimed to increase our understanding of
the epidemiological patterns of FMD in Sudan and connections to
neighbouring countries by characterising the genetic sequences of FMD
viruses (FMDV) collected from seven Sudanese states over a 10-year
period (between 2009 and 2018). FMDV was detected in 91 of the 265
samples using an antigen-detection ELISA. Three serotypes were detected:
O (46.2%), A (34.1%), and SAT 2 (19.8%). Fifty-three of these samples
were submitted for sequence analyses, generating sequences that were
characterised as belonging to O/EA-3 (n=18), A/AFRICA/G-IV (n=23) and
SAT 2/VII/Alx-12 (n=12) viral lineages. Phylogenetic analyses provided
evidence that FMDV lineages were maintained within Sudan, and also
highlighted epidemiological connections to FMD outbreaks reported in
neighbouring countries in East and North Africa (such as Ethiopia and
Egypt). This study motivates continued FMD surveillance in Sudan to
monitor the circulating viral lineages and broader initiatives to
improve our understanding of the epidemiological risks in the region.
Empirical analysis of agricultural development financing and the ways to improve agribusiness management
Authors:   Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Abuselidze George , Chkhaidze Irma ,   Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Makharadze Nanuli ,   Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University
Published: August 2021

Uncertain future under the conditions of COVID-19 has changed population`s behaviour, views, daily rhythm without coercion in real practice. Global world suddenly found himself in the midst of an economic recession. All branches of sectoral structure of economy have actually become a hostage of the healthcare. It`s begun not only the strengthen of population`s interests on the development of the domestic economy, but it`s begun the reverse migration of the village immigrated population from town to the village too. In such conditions, the introduction of integrated management practice of agribusiness plays a great role in the country, which should ensure the effectiveness of the natural resources management. In the article, it`s been reviewed one of the priority branch in the sectoral structure of Georgian economy - problems and perspectives of rural and agricultural development, the effectiveness of sector funding has been assessed. In particular, what kind of influence international and state projects, funded in agro-sphere, have on rural development, raising the level of welfare, growth the volume of products, produced in agriculture and at the development level of the national economy of the country. The goal of the research is to learn, analyse and evaluate the effectiveness of the state programs, funded and implemented for the development of agribusiness, features of project management. According to economic and statistical analysis and synthesis methods of the research, it`s been determined how was able the projects, funded for the development of rural entrepreneurship to develop the sector, also how personal and public welfare was created by them. The results of the research have revealed the influence of COVID-19 on the development of family farming and new strategies for the development of agribusiness have been set. In the near future, this process can be used as a basis of maximum utilization and use the agricultural potential.
Development of breeding lines by zigotic ovule culture in Nigella sativa L.
Authors: Uysal Hüseyin , Sevindik Emre
Published: August 2021

This study was carried out in order to develop an embryo culture technique
and to establish breeding lines with this technique. Ovule culture was
preferred in the study because the seeds were too small and embryo isolation
was difficult. Embryo cultures were done by using populations obtained from
producers in Samsun, Denizli, Isparta, Mersin in Turkey and ?ameli black
cumin variety. Hybridizations were done according to the semi-diallel
hybridization method to gain zygotic embryos. LS2.5 and MS (Sigma Aldrich
Catalog number: M5519) mediums were used for ovule culture and MSD4 medium
was used growing the plants obtained from the ovules. As a result of the
research, a total of 2904 ovules were cultured in LS2.5 medium. 148 of them
showed callus development; callus formation rate was 5.10%. The highest
callus formation rate in the investigated combinations was obtained from
?ameli x Denizli combination at 7.26%. Plant regeneration could not be
obtained from these calluses. A total of 3526 ovules were cultured in MS
medium. Sixty plantlets were obtained from these ovules and plant formation
rate was determined as 1.70%. 41 plants from these matured and were
harvested.
The morfological and molecular identification of Fusarium verticillioides causing fusariosis on wheat grain
Authors: Savic Iva , Nikolic Milica , Nikolic Ana , Vico Ivana , Mladenovic-Drinic Snezana , Duduk Natasa , Stankovic Slavica
Published: August 2021

During the 2014-2017 period, wheat samples were collected from discoloured
spikes affected by Fusarium head blight (FHB) from 20 locations in Serbia.
After isolation, fungi were cultivated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 25oC
for 7 days. Based on the in situ identification on PDA, 36 isolates of the
section Liseola were selected for further analyses. The pathogenicity of all
isolates was confirmed on wheat leaves. The virulence of isolates was
determined by measuring the lengths of spots formed at the inoculation leaf
site. In order to prove the presence of the species Fusarium
verticillioides, a pair of primers FV-F2/FV-R was used. This pair of primers
amplifies the sequence of the gaoB gene, and it proved to be specific for
the stated species. Moreover, for the same purpose, a pair of primers
VER1-VER2 based on the calmodulin partial gene was used. The reference
isolate RBG 1603 Q27 was used as a positive control. The pair of primers
VER1-VER2 produced a band of the expected size - 578 bp in 18 isolates,
while using FV-F2/FV-R, a 370bp long band confirmed the presence of F.
verticillioides in 16 samples. Sixteen out of 18 isolates verified with
VER1-VER2 were also identified as F. verticillioides with FV-FS/FV-R. No
amplification was observed in a negative control.
Questionnaire for evaluating information, knowledge, and attitudes on donation, storage, and application of induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Rascanin Sanja , Jovanovic Mirjana , Stevanovic Dejan , Rancic Nemanja
Published: August 2021

The discovery of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) opened the
possibilities for reprogramming adult somatic cells back to a pluripotent
state in vitro by inducing a forced expression of specific transcription
factors. Thus, iPSCs might have potential application in regenerative
medicine, transplantation, avoidance of tissue rejection, disease modeling,
and drug testing. Because of apparent ethical issues connected with donation
and derivation of biomaterials, iPSCs are considered as a research
alternative to ethically highly disputed Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs).
Objective: The aim of this paper was to describe the development of a
questionnaire for evaluating information, knowledge, and attitudes on
donation, storage, and application of iPSCs (i.e., the QIPSC). We performed
a prospective qualitative study based on the development, validation and
reliability testing of the QIPSC. The study included 122 respondents and the
final version of the QIPSC with 34 items. The reliability analysis for part
of information and knowledge of respondents according to iPSCs was then
performed with the questions included in this two-component model and
obtained a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.783 and 0.870, respectively. It has
been shown that the range of correct answers to questions in part of
knowledge of respondents according to iPSCs was from 17.2-63.1%. The results
of our study show that the QIPSC was a unique, reliable, and valid
questionnaire for assessing the level of information, knowledge, and
attitudes on donation, storage, and application of iPSCs.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Tax Management: The Moderating Effect of Beliefs about Corporate Tax Duty
Authors: Davis Ann Boyd , Moore Rebekah D. , Rupert Timothy J.
Published: August 2021

Limited empirical evidence exists regarding investor perceptions of tax management and whether investors consider paying taxes a social responsibility. To fill this gap, we use an experiment to explore investor perceptions about the corporate duty to pay or minimize taxes. We find that investors view paying taxes (rather than minimizing taxes) as socially responsible. We also measure participants' attitudes about the corporate duty to pay or minimize taxes and find that participants lean more toward a view that corporations have a duty to pay taxes. In a path analysis, we find that a firm's tax management and its performance in a non-tax area of CSR both influence investors' perceptions of managerial quality that ultimately impacts investors' willingness to invest. We also find that the investor's attitude about the corporate tax duty moderates the association between tax management and investor perceptions of the quality of managerial decision-making.

JEL Classifications: H25; H26; M14.
Intestinal Microbiocenosis Disorders Correction With Intestinal Lavage in Patients With Acute Poisoning
Authors: Matkevich V. A. , Potskhveriya M. M. , Simonova A. Yu. , Vasina T. A. , Petrikov S. S.
Published: August 2021

Background. In acute poisoning, accompanied by a violation of microbiocenosis, the problem of its correction has not been studied enough.

Aim of study. Evaluate the possibility of correcting violations of microbiocenosis using intestinal lavage in cases of poisoning with psychopharmacological preparations and cauterizing substances.

Material and methods. 50 male (76.4%) and female (23.6%) patients aged 42 (36; 52) years with psychopharmacological drugs and cauterizing substances poisoning were examined, the composition of the fecal microflora was studied. A total of 100 studies of up to 10 species of microorganisms were conducted. In order to correct violations of the species composition of microbiocenosis, 30 patients underwent intestinal lavage. The comparison group included 20 patients who did not use intestinal lavage.

Results. In patients with these poisonings, violations of the specific microbial composition of feces were detected. Intestinal lavage, in contrast to standard therapy, had a corrective effect on fecal microbiocenosis.

Conclusion. With the help of intestinal lavage, it is possible to correct violations of microbiocenosis in acute poisoning in a short time.
Possibilities of Surgical Treatment of Pulmonary Embolism in Patients After Spinal Surgery
Authors: Fedorov S. A. , Medvedev A. P. , Kravets L. Ya. , Tselousova L. M.
Published: August 2021

Aim of study. Comprehensive assessment of clinical and hemodynamic results of surgical treatment of high- and intermediate-high risk of pulmonary embolism in a group of patients who underwent spinal surgery.

Materials and methods. The analysis of the results of open surgical treatment of pulmonary embolism in high- and intermediate-high-risk patients after neurosurgical operations on the spine in the period from 2013 through 2019. The study group included 5 patients. The average age of patients was 59.74±3.42 years. The Wells index was 9.2±2.4. The Pesi index of the studied patients was in the range of 100–126, which allowed them to be classified as a high-risk group of 30-day mortality (class IV). Clinical manifestations of pulmonary embolism developed on average by 5.8±1.08 days after the initial neurosurgical intervention. The calculated pressure in the pulmonary artery was 56.6±8.22 mm Hg. In all cases, surgical intervention was performed for emergency indications, in conditions of artificial blood circulation, without aortic compression during the main stage of the operation.

Results. The 30-day survival rate of patients was 100%. Among non-lethal postoperative complications, acute cardiovascular failure and hepatic-renal failure prevailed, which were levelled by the time the patients were transferred to a cardiac hospital. In 1 patient, the early postoperative period was complicated by the development of exudative pericarditis with cardiac tamponade, which required a finger revision of the anterior mediastinum, its drainage for 2 days. In all cases, there was an improvement in the condition of patients, in the form of increased tolerance to physical activity. The estimated pressure in the pulmonary artery at the time of discharge was 24.69±8.03 mm Hg.

Conclusions. Surgical treatment of acute pulmonary embolism of high- and intermediate-high risk of early death in a group of patients with a neurosurgical profile is a highly effective and reliable method with great prospects for application.
Application of the Technique of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Patient With Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated With Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Kruglyakov N. M. , Levitova D. G. , Bagzhanov G. I. , Gubarev K. K. , Ochkin S. S. , Parinov O. V. , Petrikov S. S. , Popugaev K. A. , Samoilov A. S.
Published: August 2021

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease characterized by pathologically rapid fatigue of striated muscles [1]. The main symptom of myasthenia gravis is the presence of pathological muscle weakness with involvement of the ocular, bulbar and skeletal muscles in the pathological process. The provoking factors for the development of myasthenia gravis can be infectious diseases, surgery, drugs [2, 3]. The main danger is represented by myasthenic and cholinergic crises, which are characterized by a severe course and high mortality; therefore, the problems of treating myasthenia gravis are still of high medical and social significance. The prevalence of myasthenia gravis is 17.5–20.3 per 100 thousand population, and the number of patients is increasing by 5–10% annually [4, 5]. In recent years, there has been a steady increase in morbidity with an increase in age over 50 years [6, 7]. Myasthenia gravis is a serious disease with a high mortality rate of up to 30–40% [3]. There are difficulties in the early differential diagnosis of muscle weakness in patients with respiratory failure between myasthenia gravis, myasthenic syndrome and critical illness polyneuropathy. These difficulties and insufficient awareness of patients and doctors of various specialties about myasthenia gravis can lead to the choice of the wrong treatment tactics and the development of myasthenic crisis, which is manifested by respiratory failure, requiring respiratory support. The progression of respiratory failure against the background of myasthenic crisis may require the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

It is necessary to expand the differential diagnosis of muscle weakness in a patient during the period of resolution of respiratory failure, allowing to move away from compulsory respiratory support, termination of ECMO.
Acute Appendicitis With Appendiceal Intususseption
Authors: Fetisov N. I. , Maskin S. S. , Matyukhin V. V. , Yuan J.
Published: August 2021

Intussusception of the appendix is the introduction of the appendix into the lumen of the cecum may be accompanied by the development of acute appendicitis, or proceed without it. The combination of intussusception and acute inflammation of the appendix makes the diagnosis of appendicitis difficult due to the absence of classic clinical symptoms. The article presents the case of successful treatment of a patient with an untypical clinical presentation of acute appendicitis that developed in an invaginated vermiform appendix.
Development of Spiritual IPA Module on Environtment Pollution Subject for Junior High School
Authors: Sartika Rahma , Lufri Lufri
Published: August 2021

The purposes of this research are to produce valid and practice nuanced spiritual module  about Environment Pollution for class VII SMP/MTs. This study uses three stages of plomp models. The subjects of this study were 29 students of class VII SMP Negeri 25 Padang  and 2 teachers. The object of this research is spirituality module IPA on the material of Environment Pollution in validated human validator 3. The data of this research are primary data collected from validity and questionnaire of data practicality. The result of validity is 86,63% with valid criterion, practicality by teacher and student  practical with 82,46% value by teacher and 88,69% by student. Key words: Spiritual module, Environment Pollution