bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CRITICAL THEMES IN SOUTH AFRICA'S FOREIGN POLICY: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Le Pere Garth
Published: June 2021

This article represents a synthetic overview of the key themes which have animated scholarly research in South Africa's foreign policy over the last two decades. These themes will be addressed and are situated against the broad contextual background of important philosophical challenges, transitional developments, and managerial dilemmas during the formative presidential periods of Mandela and Mbeki. This context provides the analytical parameters for the focus on six themes which arguably shape debates and thinking about the conduct of South Africa's foreign policy, namely: the institutional dynamics at the level of the state; the multilateral and global agenda; trade and economic diplomacy; the peace, security, and mediation dimension; the donor and development assistance role; and the scourge of xenophobia. These themes will continue to exercise a profound influence on the collective endeavour of South Africa's foreign policy community to sustain its standing as a middle-power with soft power assets that is able to shape African and global agendas. Arising from these thematic considerations, some concluding thoughts highlight on-going normative, substantive, and policy challenges for the Zuma administration.
TOWARDS A TRADE POLICY FOR DEVELOPMENT: THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF SOUTH AFRICA'S EXTERNAL TRADE, 1994-2014
Authors: Vickers Brendan
Published: June 2021

Over the past 20 years of democracy, there has been a strategic reorientation of South Africa's trade policy. In the early 1990s, the post-apartheid state undertook extensive tariff reform, driven by its multilateral and regional commitments, as well as unilateral liberalisation consistent with the austere macro-economic agenda of the time. By the second decade of democracy, an institutionalised industrial policy designed to strengthen and diversify South Africa's productive capabilities had come to determine and shape South Africa's external trade agenda and negotiations. This more strategic trade policy orientation has required the preservation and expansion of policy space in bilateral, regional and multilateral agreements, and more novel approaches to South-South economic cooperation. There was also a fundamental shift in thinking on regional integration away from a conventional market-led model premised on the European Union's experience, to a 'developmental integration' approach that concurrently prioritises market integration, infrastructure development and structural economic transformation. This article critically reviews how South Africa's trade policy and negotiating agenda have been recalibrated as instruments of industrial policy over the two post-apartheid decades. The article concludes with some observations about the future direction of South Africa's trade agenda during the third decade of democracy.
STATE-BUILDING AND NON-STATE CONFLICTS IN AFRICA
Authors: Kifle Alagaw Ababu
Published: June 2021

Contemporary state building intervention in weak states is based on the assumption that once a capable state is instituted, it will be able to ensure peace. Extant literature on state capacity and civil war onset tends to confirm this assumption. However, the relation between state capacity and the onset of non-state conflict is not adequately examined in this literature. This article, which is based on findings from research undertaken by the author at the African Leadership Centre, aims to extend the existing knowledge on state capacity and civil conflict by examining the relation between state capacity and non-state conflict in  subSaharan Africa using mixed methodological approaches. A statistical analysis of the correlation between three aspects of state capacity and non-state conflict is supplemented with a detailed qualitative analysis of selected states that experience non-state conflicts and those that did not. State capacity is dissected into state effectiveness, legitimacy and monopoly of the means of coercion. The result reveals that the legitimacy and effectiveness of the state are negatively correlated with nonstate conflicts in a statistically significant way. However, the qualitative analysis indicates that the role of state capacity in reducing non-state conflicts should not be over-stated. The occurrence or absence of nonstate conflicts is influenced by the interplay of multi-faceted factors related to the level of resource scarcity, the strength of customary dispute resolution mechanisms, patterns of intercommunity interaction, nature of state policies and political actors' stake in a conflict.
IN THIS ISSUE
Authors: Melber Henning
Published: June 2021

It is no news to anybody that the power structures in our world have considerably shifted during the last quarter of a century. Glasnost and the ultimate collapse of the Soviet Union towards the end of the 1980s brought an end to the bipolar world dominated by the East-West conflict and the Cold War since the aftermath of World War II. The end of the Soviet bloc also paved the way towards an appeasement strategy inthe Southern African sub-region. What was praised as "the end of history", meaning the ultimate victory of capitalism as the uncontested mode of production structuring societies (and classes), however, led to an only short-lived sole hegemony of the main Western powers and in particular the United States (US) during the 1990s. These were the days when 'good governance' became the terminology of a crusade against which regimes were measured and judged. The criteria were based on Western capitalist notions of development as conceptualised and imposed by the International Financial Institutions (IFIs). But as we know, little changed for many towards the better. The problem of affordable access to higher education, a demand erupting these days forcefully on South African campuses, was not least enhanced through policy recommendations in the 1990s, which neglected such investment in the social and intellectual capacity of countries and their people.1)

While old conflicts were solved, new conflicts and ideologicalbattlefields emerged. The rise of China as the world's next superpower marked the beginning of the 21st century, and the shock waves sent through the world with 9/11 opened a new era of "war against terror", in which human rights were the first victim. Development and security became integral elements of a global governance system, which since the turn of the century set paradigmatic frameworks, first with the Millennium Development Goals and now with the Sustainable Development Goals, while continuous efforts to achieve agreed measures to curb carbon emissions and bring environmental degradation and climate change to a halt have remained futile efforts. The tokenism so far only shows that governments continue to remain loyal to their own agendas. Guided by such shortsightedness,  they do not act in solidarity with humanity as an integral part of nature and habitat to increase the chances for survival. Profit maximisation at all costs remains the ultimate goal even if in the long term at too high a price.
SOUTH AFRICA'S EMERGING PARLIAMENTARY DIPLOMACY AND SOFT POWER
Authors: Masters Lesley
Published: June 2021

This analysis considers the emergence of South Africa's parliamentary diplomacy, or the role of Parliament on the international stage, since 1994. The early discourse both within Parliament and in academic analysis, reflects an emphasis on the role of oversight and the role of Parliament in the foreign policy decision-making process. Recognition of the role of parliamentary diplomacy has been slow to develop, although Parliament is increasingly acknowledging its role as an international actor. This has seen the development of structures and policy to support this. The value of parliamentary diplomacy as part of a country's international relations, however, remains an area in need of further deliberation. This analysis begins by unpacking the concept of parliamentary diplomacy before addressing the emerging role and value of parliamentary diplomacy for South Africa, particularly through the linkages between parliamentary diplomacy and soft power in promoting foreign policy.
REINSERTING AFRICAN AGENCY INTO SINO-AFRICA RELATIONS
Authors: Lopes Carlos
Published: June 2021

The Second Forum on China-Africa Cooperation Summit held in December 2015 marked the significance and extent to which China's relationship with Africa is changing. China's tripling of its financing commitment to US$60 billion signalled its confidence in the economic transformation prospects of the African continent. The changing Sino-Africa relationship is underpinned by a shift towards a more balanced partnership that recognises Africa's socio-economic and political priorities, beyond the demand for its natural resources. This paper seeks to help unpack the different dimensions of the links between Africa and China including the "untold story" of the relationship. A story about the significant number of Africans who live in or frequently visit China, and the increasing flow of African investments  and tourists into China. Sino-Africa relations have evolved to the extent that African countries are taking a more assertive role when it comes to investment and signing trade deals, ensuring that their interests are protected.
AFRICA'S FOREIGN POLICY AND NATION BRANDING: REGIONAL LEADERSHIP AND ITS DISCONTENTS
Authors: Qobo Mzukisi
Published: June 2021

Whether they know it or not, countries are viewed through the lens of branding. Their brand equity lies in the norms and ideas that they project, as well as the actors (leaders) who champion such ideas and norms. Countries embody signs, beliefs, values, and imageries about what they stand for in the global system, and it is this that has an effectupon the imagery and preferences of others rather than merely marketing techniques. As such, countries carry — or project — a 'persona' that expresses their identity, ideas, values, and norms.This article focuses on the regional dimensions of South Africa's brand value and leadership. This is precisely because regions are crucial platforms through which countries project their ideas, norms, and leadership. It is also here that they build their brand equity. As such, this article examines the kinds of norms that South Africa projects through the region, and understands how these are perceived. Further, it analyses the predominant ideas that South Africa articulates.
COMPREHENSIVE AND HOLISTIC HUMAN SECURITY FOR A POSTCOLONIAL SOUTHERN AFRICA: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Authors: Zondi Siphamandla
Published: June 2021

At the heart of the conundrum of regional integration in Africa is the very conceptual basis of the idea and its agendas. In southern Africa, the agenda has for decades been about fighting poverty and enabling a good life for the citizens of the region, but the so-called developmental regional integration agenda is undermined by the lack of coherence and synergy between the security and development arms of the Southern African Development Community (SADC). The former has the Strategic Indicative Plan of the Organ of Security Cooperation and Defence (SIPO) and the development efforts are guided by the Regional Indicative Strategic Development Plan (RISDP). Both claim to pursue human security by placing the plight of ordinary citizens at the centre of all efforts, yet in reality this shared aspiration has not provided a basis conceptually speaking, nor practically, for a deep cohesion in the manner in which SADC pursues its overriding goals. This article provides a critical analysis of the evolution of the concept and it also anticipates how it will evolve into a holistic idea in southern Africa. It identifies major obstacles to the achievement of the goal and offers possible solutions to the conceptual confusion that confounds the idea of human security by suggesting a comprehensive understanding of the concept and how it might apply in southern Africa.
HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE ORIGIN OF MYTHS OF POST-APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICAN FOREIGN POLICY
Authors: De Rezende Saturnino Braga Pablo
Published: June 2021

The foreign policy narrative of South Africa is strongly grounded in human rights issues, beginning with the transition from a racial segregation regime to a democracy. The worldwide notoriety of the apartheid South Africa case was one factor that overestimated the expectations of the role the country would play in the world after apartheid. Global circumstances also fostered this perception, due to the optimistic scenario of the post-Cold War world order. The release of Nelson Mandela and the collapse of apartheid became the perfect illustration of the victory of liberal ideas, democracy, and human rights. More than 20 years after the victory of Mandela and the first South African democratic elections, the criticism to the country's foreign policy on human rights is eminently informed by those origin myths, and it generates a variety of analytical distortions. The weight of expectations, coupled with the historical background that led the African National Congress (ANC) to power in South Africa, underestimated the traditional tensions of the relationship between sovereignty and human rights. Post-apartheid South Africa presented an iconic image of a new bastion for the defence of human rights in the post-Cold War world. The legacy of the miraculous transition in South Africa, though, seems to have a deeper influence on the role of the country as a mediator in African crises rather than in a liberal-oriented human rights approach. This is more evident in cases where the African agenda clashes with liberal conceptions of human rights, especially due to the politicisation of the international human rights regime.
LARGER THAN LIFE? DECOLONISING HUMAN SECURITY STUDIES THROUGH FEMINIST POSTHUMANISM
Authors: Hudson Heidi
Published: June 2021

Binary thinking is one of the features of coloniality, manifesting in a zero-sum game between ‘our’and ‘their’security. The development of human securityas an antidote has, however, been marked bya continuation of such divisions in a muchsubtler way. This state of affairs is exacerbated bythe fact that concepts held up as possible solutions, such as the gendering of human securityor the broader tool of decolonisation, are often also trapped in unimaginative oppositional thinkingwhich runs the risk of recolonising knowledge and harming those who are supposed to be secured. The focus in this article is therefore on the coloniality of human security scholarship and practices and how this concept can be reinvigorated through a feminist ‘post’-humanist lens. I argue that a feminist posthuman security approach that decentres the human (by going beyond asking for the inclusion of women only) and underscores agentic relations between (all) humans,the natural environment, technologyand objects more adequatelycaptures the entangled nature of human security practices, especially in the postcolony. The approach draws on a blend of six conceptual pillars, namely a poststructuralistunderstanding of agency as the product of intra-action rather than interaction; feminist critiques of equating what is male and what is human; the emphasis on intersections between race and gender in feminist postcolonial theory; the importance of situated knowledge; the agencyof matter and objects in the construction of securityand/ or insecurity; and an acknowledgement of indigenous Africacentred knowledge forms. I conclude that this kind of posthuman security frame, which merges feminist posthumanism and new materialist posthumanism, not only allows a more nuanced and inclusive understanding of the human condition but also offers a foundation for developing a decolonised human securityresearchagenda
DECOLONISING THE UNIVERSITY: A LAW PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Motshabi Khanya
Published: June 2021

Decolonisation has been said to be “working toward a vision of human life that is not structured by the forced imposition of one ideal of society over those that differ”. This paper argues that political independence, responsive to the “dialectics of identity, liberation, recognition and distribution”, is not a sufficient condition for decoloniality of being as well as decoloniality of power and knowledge; and that political independence addresses coloniality of being without confronting coloniality of power and knowledge. Scholars committed to substantive decolonisation are bound to decolonise knowledge. Decolonisation of knowledge presents at least the conceptual possibility of a decoloniality of power. Decoloniality of knowledge itself, and thus the true liberation of the academy, becomes a realistic operational possibility, though requiring considerable application. This effortis vitally important given the deep alienation of South African university students. The trend to mimic exogenous experts and sages accentuates this imperative. Apart from the trend being futile, wasteful and dreary, it forecloses fresh insightand impedes the search for truth. The aim of this paper is to fill a gap in the sparse South African legal scholarship on decolonisation, principally the lack of definitional clarity
SWAPO’s 50/50 Policy in Namibia’s National Assembly (2015-2018): Full of Sound and Fury Signifying Nothing?
Authors: Shipululo Amupanda Job , Kahelende Thomas Erika
Published: June 2021

In 2013, Namibia’s ruling party, the South West Africa People’s Organisation (SWAPO), amended its constitution to implement the 50/50 gender policy. This policy required equal representation of men and women in all its leadership structures and in its representation in institutions such as the National Assembly. The party had been zigzagging on this policy it had adopted at its 2002 congress. Four years since the implementation of SWAPO’s 50/50, an analysis of the impact of this policy in the National Assembly paints a troubling picture. At the level of substance by looking at parliamentary motions tabled, we find that SWAPO’s 50/50 policy in the National Assembly – which resulted in increased number of women in the legislature - did not lead to meaningful agenda setting in favour of women political participation. This article reflects critically on the gender policy in the 6th parliament’s National Assembly, which is the principal law-making and policy-setting arm of parliament with a view to assess whether there have been successes in facilitating women empowerment and participation in a meaningful way.
Braço Forte, ¿Mão Amiga?: Un recorrido por las prácticas de contrainsurgencia del ejército brasileño en Haití y Río de Janeiro
Authors: Percoco Juan Ignacio
Published: June 2021

A la hora de hablar de la participación de Brasil en la Misión de Estabilización de las Naciones Unidas en Haití (MINUSTAH) se tiende a rescatar lo novedoso de su aproximación. La combinación entre operaciones militares y trabajo social fue señalada como un avance a la hora de lidiar con la conflictividad urbana de Puerto Príncipe. Tradicionalmente se ha indicado al despliegue en Haití como el inspirador de las Unidades de Pacificación Policial (UPP) de Río de Janeiro. Sin embargo, quienes realizan estos planteos suelen obviar que dichas técnicas pueden rastrean su origen a las campañas de pacificación coloniales francesas y que éstas cuentan con extensa utilización dentro de Brasil.En este trabajo describimos el origen y bases doctrinarias de las técnicas de contrainsurgencia francesas que luego serán incorporadas por las Fuerzas Armadas de Brasil. Estas tácticas, aplicadas dentro de Brasil, viajarán a Haití en donde se pulirán y serán reimportadas para su utilización en Río de Janeiro. En última instancia lo que se señala es la existencia de una sinergia y retroalimentación de estas experiencias de pacificación y cómo su origen puede ser encontrado en un pasado mucho más lejano que el establecimiento de MINUSTAH en 2004.
Investigación clínica: Situación actual y problemática en la divulgación
Authors: Díaz-Vélez Cristian , Apolaya-Segura Moisés
Published: June 2021

Editorial (sin resumen)
Uso de antirreumáticos en covid-19 desde la hidroxicloroquina hasta la anakinra pasando por tocilizumab y baricitinib: Una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Salas-Bolaños Rosa Alejandra , Sevilla-Rodriguez David Ezequiel , Arroyo-Sánchez Abel Salvador
Published: June 2021

Actualmente nos encontramos en una pandemia mundial causada por el coronavirus 2019 o COVID–19, presentando diferentes desafíos para el sistema de salud debido a que no se cuenta aún con alguna vacuna ni con un tratamiento que haya demostrado su eficacia en totalidad, siendo el manejo actual preventivo y de soporte. Por lo que, en esta revisión se estudiará a los fármacos antirreumáticos más resaltantes que tengan un probable efecto farmacológico, como son la hidroxicloroquina, el tocilizumab, el anakinra y el baricitinib, frente al COVID–19. Se espera que brinde apoyo para futuros tratamientos e investigaciones sobre la enfermedad.
PERAN PERPUSTAKAAN DIGITAL UPN “VETERAN” JAWA TIMUR DALAM MEMENUHI KEBUTUHAN LITERASI MAHASISWA SELAMA KULIAH DARING
Authors: Maulana Andika , Prathama Ananta
Published: June 2021

Pandemi COVID-19 terjadi di berbagai belahan negara salah satunya Indonesia yang juga terkena imbasnya. Untuk mencegah penularan yang semakin besar, aktivitas masyarakat dari berbagai sector banyak yang dibatasi. Seperti sektor pariwisata dan sektor ekonomi paling terdampak, karena banyak pegawai yang dirumahkan berpotensi menghasilkan banyak pengangguran baru. Sektor pendidikan juga tidak luput dari kebijakan pembatasan tersebut. Misalnya adalah kegiatan perkuliahan juga masih dibatasi untuk digelar secara langsung. Perpustakaan berperan penting dalam proses perkuliahan. Dalam perkuliahan tatap muka secara normal, mahasiswa idealnya menghabiskan waktu perkuliahannya lebih banyak di perpustakaan, dibandingkan tatap muka dengan dosen di kelas. Terlebih lagi pada sistem perkuliahan daring, dimana mahasiswa pasti lebih membutuhkan peran perpustakaan sebagai sarana untuk memperdalam materi yang diterima. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan yaitu agar dapat mengetahui peran perpustakaan digital UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur dalam memenuhi kebutuhan literasi mahasiswa selama kuliah daring. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peran perpustakaan digital UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur dalam memenuhi kebutuhan literasi mahasiswa selama kuliah daring yaitu: 1) Penambahan koleksi lebih cepat; 2) mempercepat akses informasi yang dibutuhkan; 3) dapat diakses dari mana saja dan kapan saja; dan 4) dapat diakses tidak hanya berupa format cetak.
Dynamic blinking in the head of hardyhead silverside fish
Authors: Iwasaka Masakazu
Published: June 2021

Dynamic light reflection can be used to provide an efficient tool for biological sensing of micro and nano-organisms. It is therefore interesting that evidence of dynamic light reflection can also be found in the animal kingdom and that there may be alternative methods of light control actuation. In this study, it is discovered that several features in the heads of hardyhead silverside fish, particularly those located around the edges of the iris, caused a blinking phenomenon using environmentally scattered light. Analysis of the blinking using recorded video of the fish iris revealed that circular cells that exist in the iris changed their light intensity at approximately 2 Hz. These cells, which are 5–10 μm in diameter, are normally blue. However, it is found that a distinct light intensity changed in 0.04 s, and additional green and yellow colors then overlapped with the blue.
A Comprehensive Review on Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: C. D Anisha , K. G Saranya
Published: June 2021

The pandemic situation due to the emergence of Covid-19 presents various problems physically, economically and mentally for the individuals world-wide, therefore faster solutions with wider access is essential to solve the problems which aids as a support to the healthcare. This is made possible through the incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology to handle the situation of pandemic. This paper aims to present a comprehensive re-view of the applications employed using AI for the problems faced during Covid-19 pandemic. The AI applications involved in screening, predicting, forecasting, neighborhood contact tracing and drug discovery of Covid-19 are addressed in this review. This review also presents detailed working of AI algorithms in each application. This paper helps the researchers with vivid information of AI applications of Covid-19 pandemic.
Maternal Health Education (Pregnant, Childbirth and Postpartum Periods) during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Literature Review
Authors: Manurung Suryani
Published: June 2021

Maternal is the condition of the mother during pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperal. One of the susceptible individuals infected with COVID-19 is maternal. This condition causes the mother to worry both herself and the baby, so these problems need to be identified and prevented through health education. This article aimed to identify problems and maternal health education (pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperal) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data collected through an online portal that is PubMed, the Jakarta Health Polytechnic I ProQuest, Google Scholar, and Google-based website. Keywords used to search for information related to the topics discussed are the epidemiology of SARS-COV-2, pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperal during the COVID-19 period, the maternal immune system, complaints, and maternal questions of the COVID-19 pandemic period, and prevention of COVID-19 infection on maternal. The results found a risk of COVID-19 infection in the maternal in the amount of 4.9/1000 pregnant women. Based on COVID-19 infections from nine infected, seven were found dead, and two were surviving. Maternal infection during pregnancy has complications, including fetal distress (2 cases), membrane rupture (2 cases), preeclampsia (1 case), is a factor in preterm labor, mature delivery (1 person). In conclusion, maternal is a high-risk group for exposure to infection. The risk of vertical infection of the mother to the baby has not been proven. Maternal requires information on prevention and care during pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperal
Implementación de TIC en las prácticas educativas de la educación superior
Authors: Hémbuz Falla Germán Darío , Polo Osso Edith , González Camacho Cristian Camilo
Published: June 2021

Desde su llegada las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) han simplificado la vida del ser humano de manera que han sido potencializadas desde el campo de la educación, optimizando los procesos de aprendizaje de los individuos en cada nivel académico. Incluso, hay discursos que han entrado en contradicción, cuestionando la relación entre las prácticas educativas y la implementación de herramientas tecnológicas, que cuestionan la calidad de la educación. En el presente artículo se presenta una revisión teórica focalizada en la implementación de herramientas tecnológicas en las practicas formativas de diversas instituciones de educación superior a nivel nacional e internacional, con el propósito de indagar la manera en que las universidades están ejecutando sus procesos educativos. Concretando, se discute con sentido crítico los logros del profesorado de la Universidad Surcolombiana sobre la ejecución de su quehacer docente, que determina el grado de implementación de las herramientas tecnológicas como estrategia didáctica, teniendo como punto de referencia que ahí, en la implementación de las TIC, inicia la anhelada calidad educativa, que hoy ofrece oportunidades de formación de profesionales íntegros e individuos justos para un nuevo sentido de sociedad.
Conocimiento didáctico-matemático en docentes de básica y media
Authors: Prada Núñez Raúl , Gamboa Suárez Audin Aloiso , Hernández Suárez Cesar Augusto
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo de investigación muestra un análisis cuantitativo - descriptivo de las características de  un  grupo  de  docentes en   ejercicio   que   orientan la  asignatura de Matemáticas en diversas instituciones educativas de carácter oficial en la ciudad de San José de Cúcuta – Colombia. Se aplicó un cuetionario a 73 docentes de 13 instituciones públicas aplicando para su selección el muestreo no probabilístico bajo la aplicación de la técnica de muestreo intencional. Los resultados muestran que las concepciones y conocimientos matemáticos que tienen los docentes, orientan su actuar pedagógico y se relacionan con la preparación de las clases, las actividades en las aulas, los recursos didácticos que implementa en el proceso de enseñanza y la evaluación de los aprendizajes.
Aproximación al rol del profesor de educación básica primaria en Colombia
Authors: Cifuentes Medina José Eriberto , Poveda Pineda Derly Francedy
Published: June 2021

En el proceso de elaborar una hermenéutica del rol del profesor de educación básica primaria, es vital la comprensión del sistema educativo del país; desconocer los fundamentos epistemológicos del ser del maestro es semejante a olvidar parte de la esencia y las

vivencias en cada comunidad educativa en donde es activa su presencia.

La investigación es de corte documental y de revisión de fuentes secundarias. Siendo objeto fundamental y eje dinamizador la descripción del rol del profesor de educación primaria en Colombia según la normatividad vigente, el papel de las escuelas normales, las universidades a través de las facultades de educación en su formación y la importancia de su presencia en las comunidades educativas en el ámbito rural y urbano; según las dinámicas de cada contexto y escenario entre otros elementos de consideración para el objeto de estudio.

Entre los aspectos que sobresalen en el rol del profesor de educación básica primaria se infiere que aún falta un estudio concluyente y categórico que conduzca a razonamientos denotativos y estudios comparados de los avances y retrocesos de este nivel educativo en Colombia tanto en la formación de profesores como en la educación impartida por ellos a los niños. El objetivo de la investigación es orden teórico, por lo que se hace necesario derivar otras investigaciones en detalle del rol del profesor de Educación Básica Primaria en el ambiente rural y urbano, promoviendo el análisis de los modelos pedagógicos, las prácticas pedagógicas, los decretos de escalafón   y las directrices emanadas del Ministerio de Educación Nacional.
Programación Neurolingüística como estrategia en el desempeño académico de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y de la educación. UPC
Authors: Arjona De León Jhon , De la Hoz Contreras Eva , Mercedes Colina María , García Romero Teovaldo
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de la investigación es analizar la programación neurolingüística como estrategia en el desempeño académico de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y de la Educación. Las variables de estudio quedaron definidas como programación neurolingüística, sustentada por Goleman, Grinder y Blender (2015), (Echeverría, 2014), y desempeño académico por Edel (2012), Torres, (2010), De Giraldo (2013). El proyecto está soportado por el paradigma positivista, con diseño no experimental, de campo descriptivo transaccional en su dimensión temporal; por su naturaleza cuantitativa lo lleva al proceso de codificación, tabulación, y análisis estadístico; para ello se toma como población (8) docentes y 17 estudiantes de la facultad de ciencias básicas y de educación, considerando desde el primer semestre hasta el quinto; se les aplico un cuestionario tipo Likert con escala de cuatro alternativas de respuesta, para medir las variables propuestas. El análisis de los resultados permitió establecer estrategias para el fortalecimiento de las habilidades estudiantiles desde el comienzo de la carrera apoyándose en el desarrollo de competencias sobre la programación   neurolingüística,   aumentando el compromiso y responsabilidad social como futuros licenciados del país.
Usar ou não usar rubricas? um olhar para as práticas avaliativas a partir dos desempenhos discentes
Authors: Blass Leandro , Brasil Irala Valesca
Published: June 2021

O objetivo do artigo é relatar o desenvolvimento das práticas avaliativas adotadas como estratégias docentes ao longo de um conjunto de seis semestres letivos, nos quais três deles foram caracterizados pelo uso de rubricas e três deles não, em uma disciplina de Cálculo Numérico ministrada pelo mesmo professor a diferentes cursos de graduação. A metodologia adotada é mista (quanti-quali), com predominância do viés quantitativo e foco na intervenção pedagógica (DAMIANI et al., 2013). Ao todo, foram analisados desempenhos de 305 alunos. Os dados foram tratados por meio da Estatística Descritiva e foi realizado o teste não-paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis, no qual se constatou diferença nos desempenhos entre os semestres com e sem adoção de rubricas. O pos hoc identificou que apenas o semestre 2017.2 (sem rubricas) não diferiu do semestre 2019.1 (com rubricas). Conclui-se, de forma geral, que os resultados se mostraram favoráveis à adoção de rubricas na avaliação discente.
Bolos artesanais: saberes populares fazendo-se saberes escolares
Authors: Renner Lúcia Fernanda , Venquiaruto Luciana Dornelles , Weyh Cênio Back
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o intuito de dar visibilidade a saberes usualmente silenciados no currículo escolar. O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que investigou os saberes populares relacionados ao preparo artesanal de bolos com um grupo de boleiras da região missioneira do Rio Grande do Sul. O objetivo da pesquisa foi valorizar e estudar estes saberes populares com a intensão de torná-los saberes escolares, mais especificamente saberes que envolvam o ensino de Química. A pesquisa está sendo caracterizada como do tipo etnográfica. Fez-se uso de técnicas de entrevistas e da observação participante com a finalidade de evidenciar os saberes da prática cotidiana sobre o preparo de bolos artesanais. A interlocução com as informantes da pesquisa possibilitou reflexões acerca desta investigação e estas, por sua vez, propiciaram a construção de interações a serem desenvolvidas no âmbito escolar, mais especificamente referente a conteúdos curriculares que envolvem reações químicas e funções inorgânicas.
Contributos da abordagem dos saberes populares para o Ensino de Química
Authors: Frantz de Faria Laís , Medeiros da Fonseca Eril , Hernandez Lindemann Renata
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho discute uma proposta implementada acerca dos saberes populares da produção de pão e vinho, em aulas de Química. A intervenção pedagógica foi desenvolvida com alunos do 3º ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola estadual de Dom Pedrito-RS. Foram realizadas, distintas produções textuais, que permitiram a participação ativa dos estudantes. Aponta-se que os saberes populares articulados ao ensino de química, permitiram identificar indícios de apropriação da linguagem química, perceber a potencialidade do trabalho coletivo e ressignificar a prática pedagógica.
Jogo das Cores: uma atividade interativa no Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Benedetti Filho Edemar , Gomes Letícia Asheley , Martins Gabriel Moraes Reche , Maia João Marcos Soares
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento e aplicação de um jogo didático, envolvendo conceitos básicos referentes à teoria das cores. O jogo foi concebido para alunos do Ensino Fundamental II, a partir de uma temática para os conteúdos que estavam sendo trabalhados em sala de aula pelo docente da disciplina de Ciências. O jogo, chamado “Cores”, pedagogicamente permitiu revisar, de forma lúdica no Clube de Ciências, a temática sobre a composição das cores propiciando aos alunos um processo de ensino e de aprendizagem mais prazeroso, e como divulgação científica, a atividade foi aplicada para os participantes da Feira de Ciências. Através de uma metodologia qualitativa o docente da turma do 6º ano relatou que a revisão dos conceitos foi altamente satisfatória para o processo de consolidação da aprendizagem, e inclusive a exploração de habilidades de socialização que a proposta apresentou, foi elogiada pelo corpo docente da escola. Os alunos que participaram da atividade demonstraram grande aceitação por essa metodologia alternativa e solicitaram sua aplicação para outras turmas na escola.
ТИТРОВАНИЕ ДЕЦИМОЛЯРНОГО РАСТВОРА ОРТОФОСФАТА НАТРИЯ Na3 PO4 ДЕЦИМОЛЯРНЫМ РАСТВОРОМ НСl ПО ВТОРОЙ И ТРЕТЬЕЙ СТУПЕНЯМ
Authors: Хасанов И.И. , Хасанов А.И. , Алисултанова А.Р. , Висеркаева Э.И.
Published: June 2021

Цель работы – рассмотреть и изучить титрование солей ортофосфорной кислотыН_3 PO4 по второй и третьей ступеням на примере титрования децимолярного раствора ортофосфата натрия децимолярным раствором соляной кислоты. Показано, что последующее прибавление децинормального раствора НСl к децимолярному раствору ортофосфата натрия приводит к образованию дигидроортофосфата натрия, который способствует возникновению новой буферной системы, состоящей из гидроортофосфата натрия Na2 НPO(4,), в который превратился весь ортофосфат натрия при достижении первой точки эквивалентности, и дигидроортофосфата натрия NaH2 PO_4. Поэтому расчет рН раствора нужно вести, используя уравнение Гендерсона-Хассельбаха. Приведены формулы для расчета изменяющихся концентраций кислых солей, составляющих буфер (NaH2 PO_4Na2 НPO4).В статье рассматривается и третья ступень титрования раствора ортофосфата натрия. Найдены значения рН после первой, второй и третьей точек эквивалентности при титровании децимолярного раствора Na3 PO4 децинормальным раствором соляной кислоты.
ПОСТРОЕНИЕ И АНАЛИЗ КРИВОЙ ТИТРОВАНИЯ ДЕЦИМОЛЯРНОГО РАСТВОРА ОРТОФОСФАТА НАТРИЯ Na3 PO4 ДЕЦИМОЛЯРНЫМ РАСТВОРОМ НСl
Authors: Хасанова Р.И. , Хасанов А.И. , Астамирова А.М.
Published: June 2021

Цель работы – на основе теоретических расчетных данных, полученных при титровании децимолярного раствора 0,1000 М раствора ортофосфата натрия Na3 PO4 децимолярным (0,1000 М) раствором соляной кислоты НСl, построить и проанализировать теоретическую кривую титрования раствора ортофосфосфата натрияNa3 PO4 раствором сильной соляной кислоты НСl.
При анализе первой точки эквивалентности выбраны индикаторы: [2,8]
– тимолфталеин– показатель титрования рТ = 10,00, интервал (область) перехода цвета от красного к синему находится в области изменения рН среды от 9,40 до 10,60;
– фенолфталеин– показатель титрования рТ = 9,00 и интервал (область) перехода цвета от бесцветного к красному находится в области изменения рН среды от 8,20 до 10,00.
Оба индикатора проверены на Н+– ошибка, и выявлено, что погрешность допустимая и индикаторы тимолфталеин и фенолфталеин могут быть использованы при титровании до первой точки эквивалентности. Аналогично проанализированы вторая и третья точки эквивалентности. Подобраны индикаторы и сделано заключение. Построены графики теоретических кривых.
NÍVEL DE ANSIEDADE, DEPRESSÃO E ESTRESSE EM ESTUDANTES DE UM CENTRO UNIVERSITÁRIO DO ESTADO DE RONDÔNIA
Authors: Santos Renata Gonçalves Silva , Souza Maria Eduarda Brotto de , Vasconcelos Neto Raimundo Benício de , Rivoredo Rebecca Shaiane Soares Nunes , Souza Sofia dos Santos , Carvalho Gesanaje da Paz , Queiroz Allyson Ryann José da Silva , Miranda Gabriel Rubens Bernardo , Araujo Adalberto Pascelli Medeiros , Martins Liz Kéthone Monteiro , Albuquerque Saymon de , Branco Junior Arlindo Gonzaga , Silio Luis Felipe
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Analisar o nível de ansiedade, depressão e estresse em estudantes do Centro Universitário São Lucas (UniSL) em ensino remoto, bem como dimensionar o impacto psicológico da pandemia em alunos submetidos à esta metodologia. Métodos: Foi realizada a aplicação de um formulário via online com a concordância do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido por parte dos acadêmicos participantes. As perguntas foram elaboradas de acordo com a Escala de Ansiedade Depressão e Estresse-21 (EADS-21). Foram exclusos aqueles que não são maiores de 18 anos, os que estão a partir do 9º período e os que não são do Centro Universitário São Lucas. Resultados: O questionário foi respondido de forma válida por 160 aluno, destes, a predominância é do gênero feminino e de alunos matriculados no 4º período. Conclusão: De acordo com os dados coletados, é possível concluir que o período de isolamento social impactou diretamente na saúde mental dos acadêmicos analisados. A dificuldade em adaptar-se à nova metodologia e os desafios para cumprir as atividades cotidianas são os principais aspectos para o comprometimento da saúde dos analisados.
Além da sala de aula: relatos sobre ensino, pesquisa e extensão
Authors: Coutinho Taís de Souza Alves , Silva Kelly da , Faria Marco Antonio Barroso
Published: June 2021

Esta obra é composta por algumas das atividades de pesquisa e extensão realizadas por docentes, ex-docentes, discentes e egressos que fazem ou fizeram parte da história da Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais. A coletânea apresenta textos com as experiências desses atores no processo de construção, experimentação e divulgação de práticas pedagógicas no ambiente escolar ou de reflexão sobre os contextos em que elas se situam.
Analysis of Production Process in Small Business Using Value Stream Mapping Approach
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitas Riau, Indonesia, Susilawati Anita , Sarwar Muhammed ,   Emeritus Professor at Northumbria University, UK, Darji Toni ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitas Riau, Indonesia, Iksan Agusti Nur ,   Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitas Riau, Indonesia
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to identify waste and analyse production process activities using the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) in a small business as a case study. The waste was identified by a waste relationship matrix and waste assessment questionnaire to determine the percentage of waste that occurs. Furthermore, a detailed selection of waste mapping based on the value stream analysis tool was carried out. Based on the VSM analysis, it was found the value added activities of 59% of the total production time and 41% of other activity times (non value added). In the case study occurred the waste for the operator's work method at the station of printing and cutting station. The VSM was performed to reducing the waste. The result depicted reduction in lead time on the production floor was 1.5 hours. So, the company in the case study can eliminate the waste time in their production process activities
Simuliidotoxicosis of horses in the city of Kaluga and combat measures
Authors:   Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Veterinary and Animal Physiology Department of the Kaluga Branch of the Russian State Agrarian University – Timiryazev Moscow Agricultural Academy, Kaluga, Russian Federation, Nikanorova A. M. , Maslennikova T. V. ,   5th year Student, of the Kaluga Branch of the Russian State Agrarian University – Timiryazev Moscow Agricultural Academy, Kaluga, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

Simulidotoxicosis is a toxic-allergic disease caused by the bites of midges of the order Diptera, family Simuliidae. Manifested by itching, papules, tissue edema, hyperemia. In the blood of animals, leukocytosis (eosinophilia), anemia and other signs of toxicoallergy are observed. The article describes the species composition of midges parasitizing on horses in Kaluga and the results of testing two insecticides for the prevention of equine simuliidotoxicosis. On the territory of Kaluga, the following species of midges parasitizing horses have been identified: Wilhelmia equina Linnaeus and Odagmia ornata Meigen. When insecticidal treatment of animals with preparations, the use of the spray-repellent "Extra Strength Insect Repellent" is more effective by 28% solution of wild rosemary, therefore, it is preferable for the prevention of simuliidotoxicosis of horses in the territory of Kaluga
Pasteurellaceae prevalence in livestock farms in different regions of Russian Federation
Authors:   Candidate of Chemical Sciences, Senior Researcher, All-Russian State Center for Quality and Standardization of Medicines for Animals and Feed, Moscow, Russian Federation, Pobolelova Yu. I. , Yatsentyuk S. P. ,   Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of the Department of Genodiagnostics of Infectious Animal Diseases, All-Russian State Center for Quality and Standardization of Medicines for Animals and Feed, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kozlova A. D. ,   Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher, All-Russian State Center for Quality and Standardization of Medicines for Animals and Feed, Moscow, Russian Federation, Rudnyaev D. A. ,   Postgraduate Student, All-Russian State Center for Quality and Standardization of Medicines for Animals and Feed, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of a PCR study of the prevalence of Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica, Bibersteinia trehalosi and Histophillus somni in livestock farms in 10 regions of Russia. In animals without signs of disease, P. multocida was the most common (25%), the rarest was Bibersteinia trehalosi (<1%). Most often, Pasteurellaceae bacteria were found in Tatarstan and Udmurtia; P. multocida type A was found in 96% and 89% of samples, respectively.
Evaluation of the cumulative properties of the drug Delcid 7,5®
Authors:   Applicant for the Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology named after A. N. Golikov and I. E. Mozgov, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Burmistrova M. I. , Engashev S. V. ,   Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor of the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Deltsov A. A. ,   Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology named after A. N. Golikova and I. E. Mozgov, Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Engasheva E. S. ,   Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Researcher, All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – a Branch of the Federal Scientific Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine by K. I. Skryabin and Ya. R. Kovalenko Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

Cumulative properties (accumulation of a substance or its effect upon repeated administration in equal doses) is determined on the basis of a quantitative indicator – the cumulation coefficient. Before carrying out chronic toxicological experiments, it is necessary to determine the cumulation index of the pharmacological substance – the ratio of LD50 with a single administration to LD50 with multiple administration. According to the Lim method, the cumulative properties of the drug Delcid 7,5® were studied, the cumulation coefficient of the drug was Kkum = 1,09. In accordance with the classification of chemicals, including pesticides by L.I. For a bear, the drug belongs to a group of substances with pronounced cumulation.
Akurasi dalam Mendeteksi Penyakit Kulit Menular menggunakan Gabungan Metode Forward Chaining dengan Certainty Factor
Authors: Caniago Deosa Putra , Sumijan
Published: June 2021

The skin is the outer protective organ for humans. Skin is the most interacting layer with the environment. Interactions that occur are not always safe against bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites, so they will cause harm. Poor interactions will result in skin diseases. This skin disease is often considered normal, but can be dangerous and deadly and contagious. Due to the natural conditions and lack of medical personnel, sufferers of skin diseases have problems in examining their skin diseases. So this research was conducted by using an Expert System (Expert System) to help sufferers of skin diseases and help get solutions to these diseases. The solution obtained from the symptoms felt by sufferers. The method used in this study is Forward Chaining (FC) and processed using the Certainty Factor (CF) Method. The results of this study can determine the right initial steps in dealing with infectious skin diseases. So this research is very helpful for sufferers in knowing the type of skin disease, the solution in its prevention and its prevention precisely.