bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Grobišča pri Humku v Dobovi
Authors: Berden Tina , Pavlin Primož
Published: June 2021

V članku so predstavljeni rezultati zaščitnih izkopavanj na zemljišču Antona Humka v Dobovi, kjer so leta 1981 naleteli na 34 grobov. Sodijo v pozno bronasto dobo, rimsko dobo in zgodnji srednji vek. Iz teh obdobij so v bližini znana še druga najdišča, ki kažejo, da je bilo območje Brežiških vrat gosto poseljeno.
Kvarner u starijem željeznom dobu sjevernog Jadrana
Authors: Blečić Kavur Martina
Published: June 2021

[Kvarner v času železne dobe severnega Jadrana] V starejši železni dobi severnega Jadrana je poleg Istre imel posebno mesto tudi Kvarner. Njegovo vlogo in pomen v komunikacijah in kroženju blaga v tistem času nakazujejo starejše in novejše raziskave. čeprav so se v zadnjih dveh desetletjih izvajale predvsem zaščitne arheološke raziskave, je bilo poleg posameznih najdb zbrano veliko novega gradiva, nekaj tudi povsem nepričakovanega. V članku je predstavljen kratek pregled raziskovalcev in stanja raziskav, opisane so reprezentativne ostaline materialne kulture ter pomembnejše najno- vejše najdbe, ki omogočajo obravnavo kvarnerske skupnosti v novi luči, zlasti v konkretnejši povezavi s sosednjimi, a tudi oddaljenimi kulturnimi skupnostmi od Alp do Jadrana in od Apeninov do Balkana.
Ελληνιστικός θησαυρός από τη Μεσσηνία
Authors: Αποστολου Εύα
Published: June 2021

Un trésor trouvé à Ithômi, en Messénie hellénistique, contient 88 pièces d’argent, à savoir : 47 tétradrachmes d’Athènes ; 1 tétradrachme et 21 drachmes d’Alexandre III ; 6 tétradrachmes ptolémaïques ; 1 drachme et 10 trioboles de Sicyone ; 2 drachmes de Béotie. Sa composition correspond à la circulation monétaire du iiie s. av. J.-C. dans le Péloponnèse. Il s’agit pour l’instant du seul trésor de la région daté de cette période.
Νομισματικός θησαυρός της ύστερης αρχαιότητας από το Καραβοστάσι Οιτύλου Λακωνίας και ο σεισμός της 21ης Ιουλίου 365 μ.Χ.
Authors: Τσουλη Μαρία , Παπαγιαννησ Αριστείδης
Published: June 2021

En 2009 a été réalisée, par la Ve Éphorie des Antiquités Préhistoriques et Classiques, une fouille de sauvetage sur le terrain de P. Kalapothakis à Karavostasi, port de l’actuelle et de l’antique Oitylon de Laconie. La fouille a révélé des ruines étendues datant du ier s. au vie s. apr. J.-C. Au nombre des trouvailles significatives se trouve un trésor de 457 monnaies de bronze dissimulé dans une couche de destruction perturbée de la pièce XIV. Le trésor date du milieu du ive s. (Constance II et Julien, les dernières émissions datant de Julien II Auguste de 363). Il s’agit de l’unique trésor connu de cette époque retrouvé en Laconie. Plusieurs ateliers orientaux y sont représentés : Constantinople, Héraclée, Cyzique, Nicomédie, Sirmium, Thessalonique, Alexandrie. Les causes de la destruction qui provoqua la perte du trésor sont à rechercher dans le séisme de grande ampleur du 21 juillet 365 dont l’épicentre était localisé en Crète occidentale. Ce séisme entraîna une surélévation du sol qui a pu atteindre 9 m en Crète occidentale et à Anticythère et le tsunami consécutif a touché toute la Méditerranée orientale.
Νόμισμα και φορολογία στην Πελοπόννησο κατά τη μέση βυζαντινή περίοδο
Authors: Γερολυματου Μαρία
Published: June 2021

Un ensemble de documents qui nous fournissent des informations sur le Péloponnèse du ixe s. au xie s. confirment que la règle générale qui consistait à lever l’impôt de l’État en monnaie d’or s’appliquait également, avec une relative sévérité, aux populations marginales, comme les Slaves. L’étude, qui s’appuie sur une comparaison des témoignages écrits, révèle qu’une partie au moins de ces groupes marginaux étaient enregistrés au titre de l’impôt sur des registres ecclésiastiques. Ce que nous savons être valable pour la métropolis de Patras l’est aussi apparemment pour le monastère de Hosios Nikon à Sparte et peut-être aussi ailleurs. Les mêmes sources amènent à constater le haut degré de monétarisation de l’économie et le réel dynamisme économique du Péloponnèse entre les ixe s. et xie s. qui, de ce point de vue, se révèle être, aussi bien pour l’historien de l’économie que pour le numismate, un cas particulièrement intéressant du phénomène de recyclage de la monnaie par le biais de l’impôt.
The Technique of Single-Component Synchronous Grouting Allocation to Resist Floating in High Pressure Water-Rich Formation
Authors: Han Xiao Ming , Shen Er Bu
Published: June 2021

In high pressure water-rich formation, the grout is diluted by groundwater, could not develop early strength as quickly as possible for the dissipation of cementing material, failed to fill effectively the space between the segment and formation, which is unhelpful to control segment floating. In this study, by adding a variety of organic and inorganic materials to reduce grout setting time, meanwhile ensure the low loss of fluidity, high anti-aqueous dispersions, low shrinkage, finally, to achieved better effect than Two-component grouting.
Influence of Boric Acid Additive on Physical Properties of Utilizing Wastes for Producing Eco-Friendly Fired Clay Tiles
Authors: Piyarat Natthakitta , Wangrakdiskul Ubolrat , Maingam Purinut
Published: June 2021

This paper aimed at studying the influence of additive material boric acid in eco-friendly fired clay tiles. It is used as additive material by mixing with rice husk ash (RHA), brown glass cullet (BGC), local clay (LC), and sediment soil (SS). Effects of boric acid on the physical properties of ceramic bodies were investigated. The texture of specimen by utilizing waste materials was also studied. Mixture formulations consisted of 60% BGC, 10% RHA, 0-30% LC, and 0-30% SS with varying boric acid addition of 0-2%. Specimens were formed by uniaxial pressing with 100 bars, fired at 850 and 900°C, heating rate 100°C/h, and soaked for 1 h. The results showed that adding boric acid up to 2% had increased the flexural strength and decreased the water absorption of these specimens when fired at 850°C. On the contrary, the effects of adding boric acid fired at 900°C had decreased flexural strength and increased water absorption that showed the phenomenon of expanding specimens. However, the optimal formula of these clay tiles both fired at 850 and 900°C have passed the Thai Industrial Standards (TIS 2508-2555); Type BIII. Scanning electron microscope should they that microstructure characterization was in the glassy crystalline phase was found in high flexural strength specimens. In summary, exploiting boric acid can improve the physical properties of specimens with a low firing temperature, and fired clay wall tiles can be developed in this study. They can be identified as an environmentally eco-friendly building product.
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of a tool to assess dementia specific quality of life: Evidence from a South Asian population
Authors: Jayakody S. , Arambepola C.
Published: June 2021

BackgroundDementia is now fast becoming a public health priority worldwide, including in South Asia. But research about the quality of life of patients with dementia in this part of the world is limited. AimsThe present study was aimed at cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Sinhala version of the Dementia Specific Quality of Life (DEMQOL) and DEMQOL-Proxy tools among patients with dementia and their caregivers in Sri Lanka. MethodsThe 28-item DEMQOL and 31-item DEMQOL-Proxy tools which were originally developed and validated in the United Kingdom were initially translated, culturally adapted using modified Delphi process with a panel of experts and tested for judgmental validity. Construct validity was assessed by using multi-trait scaling analysis and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), based on data obtained from 100 dyads of patients with mild moderate dementia and their primary caregivers attending state hospital psychiatry clinics in the Gampaha district. The structure of the DEMQOL and DEMQOL-Proxy was evaluated based on a variety of fit indices. Reliability was assessed using the test retest method and internal consistency. ResultsAll the items showed good psychometric properties in judgmental validity and item convergent discriminant validity. In CFA, using robust maximum likelihood method, the original four-factor model emerged with DEMQOL validation data, whereas a five factor model was best fitted with DEMQOL-Proxy validation data. The reliability of the DEMQOL (Cronbach’s alpha=0.87; correlation coefficient=0.864) and DEMQOL-Proxy (Cronbach’s alpha= 0.874; correlation coefficient=0.834) was satisfactory. ConclusionsThe Sinhala versions of the DEMQOL and DEMQOL Proxy scales are valid and reliable in assessing the QOL of dementia patients of mild-moderate severity in Sri Lanka. This tool can be used by healthcare professionals to understand the current level of QOL as well as to give direction towards improvement required.
Demographically-adjusted normative data for Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) among Sri Lankan adults
Authors: Dassanayake Tharaka Lagath , Baminiwatta Anuradha , Ariyasinghe Dewasmika Indrapali
Published: June 2021

Background: Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is a simple pencil-and-paper substitution task that measures divided attention, visual scanning and processing speed. It is sensitive to cognitive impairment in a wide variety of neuropsychiatric conditions. Extant normative data for the SDMT, mainly based on Western populations, may not be applicable for Sri Lankans.

Aims: We aimed to create sex-, age- and education-adjusted regression-based norms for the SDMT for Sri Lankan adults.

Methods: Four-hundred and twenty-two community-living adults (220 women, 52.1%), aged 18 to 83 years, with 5 to 23 years of education, completed the study. We conducted multiple linear regression analyses with sex, age and years of education to predict the SDMT score.

Results: The SDMT scores of the sample ranged from 5 to 72, with a mean (SD) score of 35.98 (12.87). The regression model [predicted SDMT score = 29.395 - (1.549 × sex) - (0.434 × age in years) + (2.207 × years of education)] explained 56.5% of the variance in SDMT scores (adjusted R2 = 0.565; F=183; p
Cyclic AMP Response Element Modulator-α Suppresses PD-1 Expression and Promotes Effector CD4+ T Cells in Psoriasis
Authors: Hofmann Sigrun R , Carlsson Emil , Kapplusch Franz , Carvalho Ana L , Liloglou Triantafillos , Schulze Felix , Abraham Susanne , Northey Sarah , Russ Susanne , Surace Anna E A , Yoshida Nobuya , Tsokos George C , Hedrich Christian M
Published: June 2021

Effector CD4+ T lymphocytes contribute to inflammation and tissue damage in psoriasis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. The transcription factor CREMα controls effector T cell function in people with systemic autoimmune diseases. The inhibitory surface coreceptor PD-1 plays a key role in the control of effector T cell function and its therapeutic inhibition in patients with cancer can cause psoriasis. In this study, we show that CD4+ T cells from patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis exhibit increased production of IL-17 but decreased expression of IL-2 and PD-1. In genetically modified mice and Jurkat T cells CREMα expression was linked to low PD-1 levels. We demonstrate that CREMα is recruited to the proximal promoter of PDCD1 in which it trans-represses gene expression and corecruits DNMT3a-mediating DNA methylation. As keratinocytes limit inflammation by PD-1 ligand expression and, in this study, reported reduced expression of PD-1 on CD4+ T cells is linked to low IL-2 and high IL-17A production, our studies reveal a molecular pathway in T cells from people with psoriasis that can deserve clinical exploitation.
Evaluation of a new multi-epitope sequence of eight known Leishmania infantum antigens for HVL diagnosis by ELISA and Western blot
Authors: Taherzadeh Marzieh , Fouladvand Moradali , Kazemi Bahram
Published: June 2021

Background & objectives: Leishmaniasis, known as a disease with high prevalence proportion throughout the world, is caused by protozoan parasites. Visceral leishmaniasis is the most severe form of this condition reported sporadically from all regions in Iran. Between different diagnostic tests, serodiagnosis of this infection is of utmost importance in both humans and dogs. Although rK39 ELISA test has been extensively validated in endemic areas, there are currently challenges regarding a more appropriate serodiagnostic test.

Methods: A novel multi-epitope construct was designed consisting of highexposedB cell epitopes using eight important antigens of Leishmania infantum (Gp63, KMP-11, HSP70, CPA, H2A, H3, LACK and TRYP). Our artificial sequence, a Multi-epitope Recombinant Protein (MRP), was consequently produced and purified. Then, immunoreactivity was investigated by ELISA test and western blotting as well.

Results: In the present study, the cutoff value (1.052) for the new MRP-ELISA was determined by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis using 35 known positive and 20 known negative HVL sera previously tested for antibodies to L. infantum by DAT, showing a sensitivity of 93.1% and a specificity of 77.4%. The blotting test also showed a favorable band to detect visceral leishmaniasis.

Interpretation & conclusion: According to the results, this new antigen had acceptable potential in detecting VL positive cases once western blotting was utilized, but the ELISA test did not proceed as expected for detecting true negative cases, probably due to some optimization issues. The present study is a promising start.
Scrub typhus
Authors: Mittal Vineeta , Singh Peetam , Shukla Surabhi , Karoli Ritu
Published: June 2021

Background & objectives: Scrub typhus is a zoonotic rickettsial disease that is transmitted by the bite of the larval stage (chiggers) of trombiculid mites. The aim of this study was to determine the existence of scrub typhus in central and eastern Uttar Pradesh, India in patients with acute febrile illness (AFI) presenting to a super specialty tertiary level institute.

Methods: This prospective hospital-based study was conducted for a period of one year, from August 2018 to July 2019. About 2–5 mL of blood samples, along with clinical, epidemiological, and demographic data from a total of 125 patients presenting with acute febrile illness to outpatient and inpatient departments, were collected. ELISA testing tested the sera from blood samples for IgM antibodies against scrub typhus. Samples were also tested for dengue, leptospirosis, malaria and typhoid.

Results: During the study period, out of a total of 125 samples collected, 20% were found positive for IgM antibodies against scrub typhus. Demographically higher positivity was found in males, older age group, and in rural area. Rainfall was found to be important epidemiological parameter for presence of scrub typhus. Co-infection with dengue, leptospirosis and malaria was found.

Interpretation & conclusion: Scrub typhus is found to be an important cause of acute febrile illness. It is necessary to include it in differential diagnosis of AFI cases even in absence of eschar. Diagnostic facilities of this as a screening test should be started in primary care centers or community health centers of rural areas of districts of central and eastern Uttar Pradesh, India.
Extensive myiasis of the leg in a patient with filarial lymphedema
Authors: Kuttiatt Vijesh S. , Venkatesan Shakila , Srinivasan Vaishnavi , De Britto Lourduraj , Rahi Manju , Kumar Ashwani
Published: June 2021

Myiasis, infestation of the human body by larva of flies is an under-recognized and ignored medical condition. Not only is this condition unsightly and extremely distressing to the patient, but it also generates a ghastly feeling in care givers and health care workers as well. The authors report extensive myiasis of the leg in a patient with filarial lymphedema from southern India, which is rarely illustrated in published literature. Treatment of myiasis is described in brief. There is a need for strengthening morbidity management in filariasis elimination program.
Production of conidia using different culture media modifies the virulence of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhiziumys against Aedes aegypti larvae
Authors: Carolino Aline Teixeira , Teodoro Thais Ber[REPLACEMENT CHARACTER]ot Pontes , Gomes Simone Azevedo , Silva Carlos Peres , Samuels Richard Ian
Published: June 2021

Background & objectives: Entomopathogenic fungi are being investigated for the biological control of a range of mosquitoes. Metarhizium conidiospores (conidia) effectively kill Aedes aegypti larvae and could be deployed as an alternative to chemical insecticides. Conidial yield and virulence of fungi when cultured on three different types of solid media, was investigated.

Methods: Three culture media were tested: a) Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA); b) rice flour yeast agar (RYA) and c) rice grains. Conidia produced using these substrates were tested for virulence against Ae. aegypti larvae obtained from field collected eggs. Larvae (2nd – 3rd instar) were exposed to aqueous conidial suspensions and survival monitored over 7 days. Survival analysis was performed using Log-Rank and Kaplan Meier tests, while fungal growth and conidial yields were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA.

Results: There were only small differences between growth rates on RYA and SDA; however, ESALQ 818 showed the highest conidial yield on rice. Conidia produced on rice grains were more virulent, rapidly reducing survival rates of mosquito larvae. ESALQ 818 conidia produced on rice grains, RYA and SDA killed 100% of the larvae on the 2nd, 3rd and 4th day of exposure, respectively. IP 46 virulence of was consistently lower than ESALQ 818 for all the media tested.

Interpretation & conclusion: The choice of culture media can influence the virulence of fungal conidia to Ae. aegypti larvae, demonstrating the importance of not only selecting the most virulent isolate but also standardizing growth conditions when screening for virulence.
Community sensitization to improve acceptability of indoor residual spraying (IRS) in Mewat district of Haryana, India
Authors: Goel Pawan Kumar , Kumar Arun , Rahi Manju , Joshi P.L. , Maheshwari VP
Published: June 2021

Background & objectives: Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) is an important part of malaria prevention and control strategies for villages with annual parasitic incidence (API) of more than 5, or other criteria by National Program of the country. At the time of conception of the study, i.e., in 2012, district Mewat in Haryana state, India was malaria endemic including 35 malaria high risk villages with API more than 5. The current study aimed to improve acceptability of IRS among the residents of Mewat district.

Methods: This was a community based interventional study. Out of the 14 sub-centers, there were 12 sub-centers catering the population of 79 villages, out of which 35 villages had API of more than five, and hence, fulfilled the criteria for regular IRS. Considering sub-center as the unit of randomization, out of all the 12 sub-centers which cater population of villages with API > 5, equal number of the sub-centers matched according to the population size of those villages were assigned to the intervention and non-intervention (control) groups by randomization using lottery technique. The intervention comprised community sensitization through community meetings, wall paintings and distribution of pamphlets. Baseline and post intervention acceptability of IRS was measured and compared.

Results: There was 21.7% (95% CI 16.12 to 27.15) increase in intention to accept IRS as per guidelines, and 15.2% (95% CI 9.50 to 20.80) increase in the actual acceptance of IRS in intervention group of villages in Mewat district.

Interpretation & conclusion: The intervention can bring about significant increase in the acceptability of IRS which is an important component of malaria control under national programme in district Mewat, Haryana, India.
Ekip Çalışması ve Profesyonel Özerklik Uyumlu mu ve İyileştirilmiş Hastane Bakımı ile Sonuçlanıyor Mu?
Authors: ORHAN Sibel , GÜMÜŞ Muhammet , CEYLAN Ayşenur , KIZILKAYA Emine
Published: June 2021

Disiplinler arası ekip çalışması ile hasta ve hemşire özerkliği arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmak için, Türkiye’de 32 hastanede 10.022 hemşirenin katıldığı bir çevrimiçi anket araştırması yapılmıştır ve hemşire bakım kalitesi değerlendirilmiştir. Hemşirelik özerkliği, kaynakları üzerinde kontrol, doktorlarla ilişki, duygusal tükenme ve karar vermenin temel değişkenlerinin birbirleriyle ilişkili olduğu ve aynı zamanda hemşire ile değerlendirilen bakım kalitesi ve hemşire memnuniyeti ilişkisinin olduğu bulunmuştur. Hemşirelik özerkliği, sunulan hizmetin kalitesinin daha iyi algılanması ve daha yüksek iş tatmini seviyeleri ile pozitif olarak ilişkilendirilmiştir. Ekip çalışmasının iş özelliklerine göre analizi, tam zamanlı ve yarı zamanlı hemşireler arasında ekip çalışması düzeyinde küçük ama anlamlı bir fark olduğunu göstermiştir. Sözleşme türüne (kalıcı ve kısa vadeli), servis / birimin uzmanlığı, vardiya uzunluğu veya iş unvanına göre önemli farklılıklara rastlanmamıştır. Ekip çalışması puanları daha yüksek olan hemşirelerin işlerinden memnun olma olasılığı, işlerinde kalmayı planlama ve tükenmişlik puanları önemli ölçüde daha yüksektir. Daha yüksek ekip çalışması puanları, daha yüksek hemşire tarafından değerlendirilen bakım kalitesi, geçen yıl algılanan kalite artışı ve hastaların taburcu olduklarında bakımlarını yönetebileceklerine dair güven ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Ekip çalışması puanları daha yüksek olan hemşireler de, daha yüksek düzeyde özerklik ortaya çıkmıştır ve karar verme sürecine daha fazla dâhil olmuşlardır. Ekip çalışması ile özerklik arasında güçlü bir ilişki bulunmaktadır; bu etkileşim, çatışmadan çok sinerjiyi akla getirmiştir. Bu nedenle kuruluşlar, ekip çalışmasına zarar verebileceğinden, korkmadan hemşire özerkliğini teşvik etmektedir.
VALORACIONES SOBRE EL CLAUSTRO DEL PROFESORADO DE EDUCACIÓN SECUNDARIA OBLIGATORIA Y DE BACHILLERATO
Authors: González Álvarez María
Published: June 2021

En el presente trabajo se pretende realizar un estudio exploratorio sobre el claustro del profesorado de los centros de ESO y Bachillerato. Los objetivos que se proponen se refieren a la formación inicial y permanente recibida por el profesorado respecto al claustro, la valoración de la importancia de sus competencias y el cumplimiento de estas, el claustro como órgano de participación, su eficacia y la atención que le prestan las administraciones educativas. Se elaboró y puso a disposición del profesorado un protocolo específico que fue enviado por correo electrónico a una muestra de centros seleccionados al azar en función de su titularidad y de la población de las distintas provincias de España. Respondieron a este 1318 profesores y profesoras. Se realizaron los correspondientes análisis descriptivos, diferencia de medias y análisis multivariado. El coeficiente de fiabilidad de Cronbach es de .96. Del análisis se colige que el profesorado otorga una alta valoración a la importancia de las competencias del claustro para la educación del alumnado y el funcionamiento del centro, por lo que se encuentra satisfecho como miembro de este y se considera un órgano razonablemente eficaz. El profesorado entiende que debe mejorarse su formación inicial y permanente respecto a los temas referidos a este órgano, así como el grado de cumplimiento de sus competencias, la valoración que las administraciones educativas realizan de su funcionamiento y la atención que prestan a sus acuerdos.
'My coming to South Africa made everything possible': The socio-economic and political reasons for migrant teachers being in Johannesburg
Authors: Anganoo Lucille , Manik Sadhana
Published: June 2021

Teacher migration is a phenomenon that gained international momentum more than eighteen years ago. South Africa was one of the developing countries within the Commonwealth which were greatly affected by the loss of homegrown skills in respect to teacher emigration to the United Kingdom. In the past ten years, however, South Africa has attracted teachers from neighbouring countries. Whilst there have been some studies on migrant teachers in South Africa, research on migrant teachers in primary schools is a neglected area. This paper reports on some of the findings of a qualitative teacher immigration study undertaken in Johannesburg which focussed on primary school teachers. The paper explores the economic, political, and social reasons for migrant teachers teaching in Johannesburg. The push and pull theory of the seminal scholar, Lee (1966) and Bett’s (2010) insights into survival migration and chain migration provide the theoretical dimensions for this paper. Primary school teachers from both public and private schools participated in this research and data was generated through interviews and focus group discussions. Migrant teachers select Johannesburg, South Africa as a survival strategy for a range of economic, political and social reasons. Primary schools in Johannesburg have been overcoming their teacher shortages with this influx of migrant teachers, benefitting from this brain gain.
The Viability of a Bimodal Application of an Interactive-GIS-Tutor within Low-Resourced South African Schools
Authors: Fleischmann Elfrieda , van der Westhuizen Christo
Published: June 2021

Adhering to the United Nations’ call to implement Geographical Information Systems (GIS) education, GIS was phased into the South African Further Education and Training (FET) Geography curriculum over the period 2006-2008. Yet, following the global trend, the slow adoption rate of GIS education points to the presence of GIS implementation barriers, due to a lack of educational GIS research. This implies that GIS curriculum development has outpaced GIS educational research. To support Geography teachers, an Interactive-GIS-Tutor (IGIST) application has been developed. This multiple case study evaluates the bimodal use of the Interactive-GISTutor (IGIST) on i) computers and ii) a projector/whiteboard within large classes, in low resourced schools. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used. Preliminary learner (n=149) and teacher (n=6) evaluations of the IGIST are being analysed and discussed, followed by learner focus group (n=6 x 8) and teacher interview (n=6) discussions. In this article, we advocate the IGIST and its bimodal use option as desirable and a viable and flexible GIS teaching option.
A school in distress: The manifestations of poverty at a selected satellite school in the Masvingo district, Zimbabwe
Authors: Tarisayi Kudzayi Savious
Published: June 2021

Although there is a plethora of studies on poverty in schools, poverty in satellite schools in Zimbabwe remains a neglected phenomenon. Satellite schools are newly established temporary schools which are attached to a registered school. This paper derives from a study that focused on the social capital influences of communal farmers and land reform beneficiaries on satellite schools in the Masvingo district, Zimbabwe after the year 2000. The study drew on the capability approach by Sen (2000) and the poverty pyramid by Baulch (2011). The study was qualitative and it was positioned in the interpretive paradigm. The paper reports on one case study of communal farmers in the Masvingo district. Four semi-structured interviews and a focus group discussion with a purposive sample of ten participants were carried out in the Sambo community. Qualitative content analysis was utilized to analyse the findings and draw conclusions. The manifestations of poverty at Sambo satellite school were infrastructure challenges; physical resources allocation; a natural resource challenge; and learners’ participation in extra-curricular activities with other schools. Due to a multiplicity of manifestations of poverty, Sambo satellite school was clearly in distress. It is recommended that the Zimbabwean government provide additional funding to support satellite schools that are located in poor, environmentally challenging contexts.
Odour assessment of school toilets in Gauteng, South Africa – before and after bioremediation
Authors: Evans Mary , Bowman Graham , Odgers Kyle
Published: June 2021

Sanitation in school toilets is often considered peripheral to the academic project, yet has a significant impact on productivity and the school experience. A micro-study, pilot project to quantify the perception of odours in toilets at two schools in Gauteng Province, South Africa, using olfactory tests, reveals the presence of select odour-forming compounds. The compounds of butyric acid, indole, p-cresol and dimethyl trisulfide, reconstituted faecal odour and stale urine odour were presented to staff at the two schools in the form of ‘Sniffin’ Sticks’. All the odours were identified in the toilets at levels of unbearable in School A which has a septic tank system, and tolerable in School B which uses a flush system, during the pre-test. A post-test was conducted after an effective bioremediation treatment product was applied. We found that 100% of the participants noted a marked improvement in the odours in the toilets after the treatments were combined with efficient cleaning regimes.
‘What is this curriculum doing to my subject?’ Using geographical questions to interpret the CAPS curriculum
Authors: Rusznyak Lee
Published: June 2021

An important aspect of preparing pre-service teachers is to develop their understanding of what constitutes meaningful learning in the study of Geography. This understanding is necessary for prospective and practising Social Science and Geography teachers to interpret existing and changing curricula as thinking professionals. This paper argues that there are several organising concepts that make classroom learning geographical in nature. These are place, spatial distribution, spatial processes, and human-environment interactions. The paper draws on the nature of geographical enquiry to consider what questions could steer classroom learning. This set of questions is then used as a lens to reflect on the way in which the current national curriculum (namely, CAPS) supports (and sometimes constrains) learners’ development of geographical thinking. To teach Geography effectively, Social Science teachers need to identify the central concepts they foreground in their lessons, as well as how to develop geographical thinking around those concepts. I suggest that teachers need to regard themselves first as subject experts, and then as interpreters of curricula, in order to be able to interpret the geographical nature of the content to be taught.
Feminist Pedagogy and the South African Curriculum: The case of Women and Food Security
Authors: Dirsuweit Teresa
Published: June 2021

There is a food security crisis in South Africa and black working-class women are the shock absorbers of this crisis. It follows that where food studies are included in the South African curriculum, the relationship between women and food security should be understood and critiqued by learners. Improvements in gender equality have also been identified as one of the primary drivers of improvements in food security. In this paper, the South African curriculum is analysed in terms of food studies, gender studies and the promotion of gender equality. Using the lens of feminist pedagogy, a set of qualitative indicators were developed to assess the content and praxis of the curriculum. While there is content which deals with gender and with food, these are presented separately. In the Geography and Agriculture curricula, there is a marked lack of focus on gender concerns. This article concludes that the curriculum could be reoriented to include an awareness and critique of the nexus of women and food and that more positive representations of women as active and powerful agents are needed in the South African Curriculum Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS).
Efecto de la Neuroeducación en tiempos de Pandemia
Authors: Palma Morales Silvia Judith , Monroy Díaz Liliana Elizabeth , Castillo Mendoza Jim Roberto , Guillén Dardón Dick Randolfo , Balán González Ingrid Irlanda
Published: June 2021

La Neuroeducación encontró diversos desafíos para contribuir al proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje, debido a distintos factores contextuales y emocionales que obstaculizaron su aplicación en las distintas metodologías de estudio. Componentes socioculturales limitaron el acceso a una parte de la población estudiantil guatemalteca a teléfonos y computadoras de gama alta, siendo indispensables para sus clases virtuales o híbridas. Estos elementos también generaron frustración en cuidadores y   educadores debido a la escasa o nula capacitación para su manejo. Una metodología ortodoxa que valora más en términos cuantitativos que cualitativos al estudiante, deponiendo su humanidad, anulando o invalidando sus emociones que por consecuencia de la pandemia y el estrés generado en casa y en el ambiente escolar no son apreciadas dentro del desarrollo cognitivo del estudiante, ignorando que son fundamentales para un exitoso proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje.  La impotencia de padres, cuidadores y educadores, se desplaza a los niños y adolescentes que en su afán de preservación ignoran el aprendizaje escolar. Literatura diversa aunada a conversatorios con educadores y padres de familia nos llevaron a concluir que el conocimiento del cerebro y su incidencia en la conducta es indispensable para adecuar metodologías de estudio individualizadas sin ignorar las emociones y el juego como precursor y base del aprendizaje.
STRATEGI CITY BRANDING MELALUI GELARAN BUDAYA TARI SPARKLING SEBAGAI KOMUNIKASI PARIWISATA KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Lestari Seyla Pratiwi , Agustiningsih Glorya
Published: June 2021

City branding is a strategy used by a city to build and communicate city’s strong positioning regionally and globally through tourism promotion. City branding of Surabaya is a form of Surabaya marketing communication tool in tourism, following the era where cities today rely on branding for packaging and promoting tourism in the city. Sparkling Surabaya promotional activities are carried out in various forms summarized in promotion and cooperation. Promotional material in the form of brochures, books, calendars, posters, pamphlets, stickers, photos, videos, maps, souvenirs, and free magazines can be found at the Tourist Information Center (TIC), hotels, and various other places that are easily accessible to the tourists. One of marketing communications tools of city branding arised nowadays is a cultural event, such as Sparkling Surabaya dance that expresses the city of Surabaya through motion as language of symbols. This study aims to determine the city branding strategy in an effort to promote tourism through the Sparkling dance culture event in Surabaya. The research method uses a qualitative approach with interviews and documentation as data collection techniques. The results of the research are useful for scientific development in the field of communication, especially for city government and the tourism industry in practical terms.

 

Keywords: City Branding, Sparkling Surabaya Dance, Tourism Communication.
SIMBOL DAN MAKNA SIRIH PINANG PADA SUKU ATONI PAH METO DI TIMOR TENGAH UTARA
Authors: Suminar Erna
Published: June 2021

This paper investigates social interaction, the meaning of messages and,  human actions are activities based on certain symbols. This research focuses on the Sirih pinang tradition of the people of the Atoni Pah Meto tribe. Sirih Pinang has a role in the fundamental cultural symbols in the life of social courtesy and social interaction. Using the Symbolic Interaction Theory Herbert Blumer (1986), this study explains the symbolic function and meaning of Sirih Pinang which will be useful for everyone in establishing social, economic, educational and,  political relations with the Atoni Pah Meto tribe, also for the Atoni Pah Meto community. This study uses a qualitative method with participant observation. Three Indigenous Elders who have in-depth knowledge of this tradition were critical informants in the study. Participant observations were carried out in the field by living and living with the Atoni Pah Meto tribe during the survey in the Kefetoran Aplal North Central Timor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The results of this study indicate a relationship between the Sirih Pinang symbol and the local religious beliefs of ancestral heritage. In ritual communication to honor the spirits of sirih pinang is a symbol that has ethical values ​​and meaning. Sirih Pinang is included in unifying tribal members and in breaking up as a practice of various forms of communication that has the value and meaning of family and friendship. Furthermore, humans modify the meaning, the result of developing social interaction. Sirih Pinang is used as a tool for negotiation, lobbying, and enters the realm of political communication and then experiences a shift in meaning.

 Keywords: Symbolic Interaction Theory, Intracultural Communication, Atoni Pah Meto Tribe,   Indonesian Culture, Sirih Pinang.
Analysis of the financial planning system in the company (on the example of JSC “NC “Kazakhstan Temir Zholy”)
Authors: Тurekulova D. M. , Bermukhamedova G. B. , Zhamkeyeva M. K. , Petrova M.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the article is to review the main financial indicators of JSC “NC “KTZ”. The analysis of dynamics and structure of active and passive balance of the company is studied. The official documents that regulate the activities of the national company are studied. On the basis of statistical data and reports of the company, using the method of financial planning, the study of the main indicators of JSC “NC “KTZ”. The analysis of planned and actual values of indicators noted that the company needs to improve the system of financial planning and budgeting. Finally the conclusions are made and the main problems of sustainable development of the company are stated. JSC “NC “KTZh” is a transport and logistics holding, the history of formation and development of which began in Soviet times. Because of repeated transformations and reorganizations, the holding currently carries out sea and rail transportation, renders services of transport and logistics centers; provides airport, maritime, road and rail infrastructure services. The functions of JSC “NC “KTZh” include acting as an operator of the main railway network, transportation of goods and passengers. The authors of the article note that the unstable dynamics of indicators for the main types of services directly affects the profitability of the company. As before, the main revenue is generated by cargo transportation, primarily transit transportation.
Proportional method under the conditions of separate accounting of objects of taxation
Authors: Nurgalieva R. N. , Veriga Y. A. , Koba E. V.
Published: June 2021

Recently the definition and verification of taxable objects are associated with the so-called business loophole “commercial secret”. In these tough conditions, auditors and taxpayers should master the techniques of conducting separate tax accounting of taxable objects. Taxpayers are forced to make a choice: which side of the tax system is more preferable to this or that version of the proportional method? The purpose of the article is to recommend ways of applying the proportional method of determining the objects of taxation in the conditions of separate tax accounting. The data of the first two options show that renting out premises for an LLP is unprofitable. The authors believe that it is necessary to review the terms of lease agreements and reduce the cost of renting premises. The calculations in the third variant indicate a significant and significant impact of the specific weight of the average number of employees on financial and tax indicators. When applying the third option of calculations, the company will pay significantly less CIT with unchanged financial and tax results. The company will prefer to fix the application of the proportional method in the accounting policy according to the latter option. This calculation option, according to the authors, helps to clarify not only the size of total expenses by type of activity, but also helps to distribute and clarify in detail information about taxable income, retained earnings and the amount of CIT by type of activity. Detailed information about the main performance indicators of the company contributes to the real content of the financial and tax reporting forms.
Ecological tourism as a factor of rural region development of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Tleuberdinova A. T. , Kulik V. B. , Kulik X. V.
Published: June 2021

The study was carried out within the framework of program-targeted funding by the Committee of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan ("Development of the concept and mechanisms of balanced territorial development of the economy and society of Kazakhstan"). The purpose of the study is to determine the role and significance of the development of ecological tourism in the Republic of Kazakhstan as a factor in the diversification of the sectoral structure of the country's rural economy. The study used a structuralfunctional approach, a review of scientific publications, including foreign authors from the Scopus, Web of Science databases; state programs and regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan on this issue in the Republic of Kazakhstan, statistical data. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the theoretical foundations of economic diversification and its benefits. The theoretical and methodological aspects of the development of ecological tourism as a factor in the socio-economic development of rural areas have been studied. As part of the state program for the development of the tourism industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2019–2025, tools have been proposed for transforming tourism into a highly profitable sector of the economy, the tasks of which include the creation of 75 thousand jobs in remote rural areas. The authors of the article consider the issues of priority of the development of rural areas, the need to find ways to normalize living conditions and economic growth, which should be the diversification of the economy. Tourist and recreational resources that provide the regions of the country necessary for the development of ecotourism were identified and substantiated.
Communication aspect of museum activities (experience and innovation of museums of florence)
Authors: Fayzullina G. Sh. , Kubasheva E. I.
Published: June 2021

The aim of the research presented in the article is to study the directions and mechanisms of action of museums in innovative practice. The modern museum as a cultural center is more focused on the individual, takes on the functions of organizing the leisure of citizens, responding to the social order, lifestyle. The study of the experience of museums in this context is focused on considering innovation at the local level - the museums of the city of Florence (center of Tuscany), which are a vivid example of the communicative model of the museum. This model of the museum is especially in demand today against the background of the problem of attracting (and retaining) visitors existing in museums around the world and in Kazakhstan. The study of valuable experience and innovative approaches in the communication activities of the best museums in the world can give impetus to the development of museums in Kazakhstan. The situation with the COVID–19 Pandemic has made its own adjustments in the relationship between visitors and museums. Both Florentine and Kazakhstani museums reacted to the situation with interesting projects. It is concluded that the introduction and development of information systems in museums in Italy made it possible to significantly optimize their work, and this, in turn, allowed them to reach a qualitatively new level of presentation of their services and collections. There are ample opportunities for the world museum community to access the Italian heritage.A great help in this study was the master's thesis by Irene di Pietro, which was written in the city of Bologna in 2017. An important source was the personal observations of E.I. Kubasheva in direct acquaintance with the museums of Florence. The research was carried out using narrative and historical-genetic methods.
Competence-based approach in the professional development of civil servants
Authors: Sergaliyeva R. T. , Bugubayeva R. O. , Talimova L. A.
Published: June 2021

In the current context, competencies are becoming a universal measure of the success and effectiveness of human activity in any profession. The civil service of Kazakhstan is promising and trainable. Today, an important task is to train civil servants of the “new generation”. As a global information world, digital transformation requires them to understand the new specifics of civil service and improve their skills and competencies. Therefore, the competence-based approach in the professional development of civil servants that is becoming increasingly relevant. It motivates civil servants to further advance in their professional careers, and is also the basis for the formation of information support for the management of civil service personnel in almost all countries. The competence-based approach has recently been declared as the starting point of all personnel management activities. It can be used to select personnel, evaluate the quality of their work, and build a career and training system. In this article, the authors give the concept of the competence approach, professional development of civil servants. The purpose of this study is to study the features of the organization of professional development of civil servants in foreign countries, to compare the composition of the competencies of the presented models for further development of ways to reform the system of professional training of civil servants in Kazakhstan. The analysis of the main components of the models of competencies of civil servants in different countries is presented. The development of professional competencies of civil servants should acquire a strategic character, be designed for the future. The research methodology is based on the application of the process approach, historical analysis, modeling and classification methods, and the method of scientific generalizations.
Use of the “internet of things” in public transport system
Authors: Orumbayev T. A. , Kegenbekov Zh. K.
Published: June 2021

Due to the increase in the number of movements, people are increasingly expecting sales at the ticket office. The purpose of tickets is different: for a movie show, trips by land and air transport and etc. Science is changing, so technology needs to be transformed. The individual stays in the transport until he is in the right place for himself. The paper examines a significant number of logistics social systems that implement round-the-clock transport activities at bus stops in accordance with the schedule of automobile traffic. Thus, people wait for the bus at the bus stop because they are not aware of the bus schedule, which ends up wasting time. Another problem is related to the lack of conductors who provide passengers with information about the fare of travel tickets. There are also other problematic aspects in the logistics of settlements. In order to eliminate them, it is advisable to develop a special application, thanks to which the presence of individuals at bus stops will be reduced. The actual issue of the present time is the queue when selling tickets. The purpose of this work is to form a comprehensive vision of the phenomenon of the “Internet of things”, which can optimize the activity of social transport. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are set: to study the phenomenon of the “Internet of things”; to identify current problems of logistics systems of settlements; to develop initiatives that can optimize the activities of the transport social complex. Methods used in the work: analytical; complex; observational.