bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Specifics of the postediting process in automated translation programmes output
Authors: Bakieva Jennet N.
Published: September 2022

The paper analyses the text quality made by computer-assisted translation programmes. The paper addresses the issue of quality of machine translation on the example of English news reports and technical manuals translated by means of the computer-assisted translation software SmartCAT from English into Russian and provides the statistics on the mistake evaluation. The research findings suggest how to avoid and correct the mistakes made by the computer-assisted translation software. The research relevancy is supported by the steady need for automation and acceleration of translation services as well as private interest in developing and advancing linguistic software. The outcome of the research is the translation algorithm that will allow editors to avoid or correct translation errors on different language levels.
E-sports discursive space: theoretical aspects of analysis
Authors: Vokhrysheva Egenia V. , Tyurin Pavel V.
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the notion of discourse and discursive space and revealing the specifics of e-sports discursive space. The article touches upon some problems of research of the discourse and discursive space in Anglo-American, French, German and Russian linguistic conceptions. The notion of e-sports discursive space is introduced for the first time in the linguistic analysis and is characterized as a hybrid dimension incorporating interplay e-sport discourse, mass media discourse, sport medical discourse and internet-discourse. E-sports discursive space may be exposed as a field structure the kernel link of which appears e-sports interplay discourse, uniting game patches and some commands and orders uttered by the cyber-sportsman in the process of the game. It is compressed, well-packed by terminological nominations and directive speech acts, comprising instructions and recommendations on using the avatars. It nominates the user name as an avatar, its game characteristics (forces, power, dexterity etc) and innovations in the system of a game. The other mentioned types of discourses lay on a periphery of the discursive field. Mass-media discourse advances the e-sports discursive space in the field of media translation giving it liveliness, fancy, imagination, expressiveness and evaluative characteristics opposite to some dryness and laconism of interplay e-sports discourse. Sport-medical discourse concerns and discusses physical, psychological and emotional states of e-sportsmen. Internet discourse is realized in the form of chats, blogs an vlogs of e-sportsmen arguing about qualities of sportsmen, advantages and disadvantages of avatars ans strategies of the game. The uniting link of all the discourses included into the single whole e-sports discursive space proves to be the criterion of integrity that is expressed through the unity of the topic, semantics, structure, time and space and event and situation continuum. A special place and significance in the e-sports discursive space is taken by a discursive personality. E-sports discursive personality is realized in e-sports discursive space heterogeneously: on the first level - as a text personality of the avatar and on the second level - as a language personality of the real e-sportsman avatar carrier. The values underlying the e-sports discursive space correspond to sport discourse values getting a victory and with personal discourse orientation getting maximum success in self-development in the field of physical and mental health, psychological robustness, reaction speed, logical strategies etc. E-sport discursive space may be represented as also a cognitive one where an important place is taken by e-sport terminology.
Metasubject educational outcomes in the contents of English textbooks for school students
Authors: Dichinskaya Lyudmila E.
Published: September 2022

Cambridge University Press, Macmillan Publishers, Prosveshcheniye Publishers as well as materials on the development of competencies for life prepared by Cambridge University and Macmillan Publishers. The research was carried out using qualitative analysis. The results showed that all textbooks under analysis contain tasks that develop competencies for life or general learning skills. Three ways of their integration into the content of foreign language teaching were identified: including communicative and information processing tasks aimed at developing communication, cooperation, critical thinking skills/ communicative and cognitive general learning skills; including tasks aimed at learning-to-learn competency / cognitive and regulatory general learning skills; including competencies for life and general learning skills as a lesson aim and topic. The results obtained can be used in foreign language lessons and extracurricular programs aimed at the development of general learning skills or life competencies.
The increase of student talking time as a means to optimize speaking teaching
Authors: Nazarova Natalia V.
Published: September 2022

The paper deals with some issues concerning optimization of speaking teaching, namely the impact of Student Talking Time on students mastering of such reproductive skill as speaking. Though methodological literature does not define the exact amount of STT and Teacher Talking Time and the correlation between the two, it is noted that the relation depends to a great degree in the level of a foreign language learning. Thus on the initial level it is quite obvious that TTT accounts for a larger portion of a lesson, including teachers explanations, pronunciation drilling, correction of mistakes, introduction of new words and grammar structures. In a group with A1 students it would be reasonable that a ration between TTT and STT corresponds to 50-50 %. In groups of A2-B2 students the amount of TTT should be about 30% with STT aiming at 70%. In advanced level groups (C1-2) a teacher should strive to the ration of 10% to 90% respectively. In addition, the amount of TTT also depends on a task or assignment and a form of a lesson.

Besides, another important factor, i.e. Student Waiting Time (SWT) should also be taken into consideration, by this we mean, the amount of time a student waits in a group for their turn to give an oral answer.

The paper presents some findings of an experiment which was conducted among 2 groups of 12 students at Samara branch of Moscow City Pedagogical University. The experiment was aimed at distinguishing the correlation between STT and SWT depending on an activity done at a lesson. It was proved that when students were asked to answer one question each their TT accounted for 12 minutes with SWT totaling at 11 minutes. When the students worked in groups of 3 and discussed 4 questions the STT increased up to 36 minutes and STW amounted at 9 minutes. When the students worked in pairs and were asked to discuss 6 question their STT was 36 minutes with SWT only 6 minutes, which showed that this form of work was the optimal.

The increase of STT and reduction of SWT stimulates the students rising their satisfaction from the lesson.
Comprehensive support of professional adaptation of young teachers for a successful career start
Authors: Ryabova Victoria A.
Published: September 2022

Comprehensive support of young teachers to work in educational institutions during the period of professional adaptation involves a practical course of support for young teachers at the first stages of work. Within the framework of this course, teachers receive psychological, professional, methodological and economic assistance.

The article discusses these areas in detail, describes the identified difficulties faced by teachers at the initial stage of work, and ways to solve these difficulties and problems.

So, due to lack of experience, young teachers need professional and methodological assistance.

The article discusses the difference between the terms "Emotional burnout" and "Overwork". Young teachers often face not only emotional burnout, but also other psychological difficulties.

Economic assistance as one of the sections of the course of comprehensive support for young teachers during the period of professional adaptation to work in educational institutions could help solve the economic problems of teachers.
Factors of reduction in efficiency of teaching foreign languages and ways to avoid them
Authors: Fedorov Ilya E.
Published: September 2022

The article presents the results of an audit of the corporate students needs in professional communication skills in foreign languages, viz. English. Conducted in 2017 and 2022 in Krasnodar among employees of five commercial organizations and a state university, the study was aimed at identifying factors of reduction in efficiency of teaching foreign languages in Russia (stop factors), as well as finding ways to avoid them (push factors). Data analysis revealed an obvious pragmatic gap between the process of learning a foreign (English) language by respondents at the school or university stage and the outcome of such learning in terms of their inability to apply gained knowledge and skills to various communicative situations at workplace. Conclusion was made that the traditional language education policy in Russia requires immediate modernization in accordance with international standards as well as incorporation of the best grading and assessment practices such as CEFR.
Pre-translation analysis of military texts on the example of chapters from the manual "Paramilitary formations in various countries of the world"
Authors: Shulipenko Valeria V. , Trofimova Yelizaveta S.
Published: September 2022

The current military-political situation is of great interest to scientists. Texts devoted to these conflicts are actively studied by linguists, conflictologists, political scientists and other specialists from various fields of science. For a detailed understanding, translations of the original texts into Russian are made, but, unfortunately, typical mistakes are made during translation, namely, due to attention not being paid to the pre-translation analysis of the text. In universities, pre-translation analysis is studied only in general terms, often without taking into account the specifics of the translated vocabulary. All this adversely affects the quality of the translated text and, in particular, military texts. In this article, the author focuses on the importance of pre-translational analysis of texts, at its stages, and also gives several examples from the manual "Paramilitary Forces in Various Countries of the World". In the pre-translation analysis of military texts, it is important to take into account all the stages, you must not miss important points, otherwise the further translation will lose its accuracy, it will not correspond to the original language, important points may be missed. When you start working with a text, it is certainly important to determine its subject matter, you need to know the genre feature. If there is terminology in the text, it is necessary to determine all the subtleties of its use in two languages. The translator also draws attention to the fact that the abundance of proper nouns, which cause special translation difficulties, is dictated by the subject matter of the text. All the more important is the pre-translation analysis of the text before proceeding with the translation, in order to facilitate the process of understanding and reliable transmission of information. So, A.V. Skvortsova distinguishes two plans present in the text: the form plan and the content plan. When translating a text of any genre and subject, we set the following task: to replace the form plan of the original, while not changing the plan of content itself. The translator analyzes the source text (original), searches for and solves the translation difficulties he encounters, and as a result, bears full responsibility for the content of the text. When working with Chinese-language sources and materials, we often translate into several languages ​​at once and analyze the results as we make unprecedented translations and appeal to the language traditions of other languages.
Dağ Akarsu Morfolojilerinde Doğal Havalandırma Süreci: Harmankaya Akarsuyu, Saha Çalışması
Authors: KÜÇÜKALİ Serhat
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'nin kuzey batısında Zonguldak'ta (41ºK-31ºD) yer alan ve su toplama alanı yaklaşık 12 km2 olan ormanlık bir dağ akarsuyu (Harmankaya) dalma havuzlarıyla ilişkili olarak incelenmiştir. Akarsuda 22 dalma havuzu tespit edilmiş olup, dalma havuzlarının düşüm yükseklikleri 0.7-20 m, ortalama havuz derinlikleri ise 0.53-1.59 m arasında değişmektedir. Seçilen bir havuzda, havuz derinliği boyunca çözünmüş oksijen (ÇO) konsantrasyonu ve sıcaklığın (Tw) değişimi farklı mevsimlerde incelenmiştir. Veriler, dalma havuzundaki çözünmüş oksijen konsantrasyonunun su sıcaklığıyla ilişkili olarak mevsimsel bağımlılığını ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca her mevsimde ÇO seviyeleri havuz yüzeyinden havuz tabanına doğru düşüş eğilimi göstermiştir. Özellikle yaz aylarında bir havuzun sıcaklığının ve çözünmüş oksijen seviyelerinin düzenlenmesi açısından nehir kıyısı bitki örtüsünün önemi ortaya konmuştur.
الحماية الإدارية لصغار السن في العراق دراسة مقارنة مع دولة الامارات العربية المتحدة
Authors: المخزومي وليد مرزة , مجيد ايلاف سعيد
Published: September 2022

بفعل ما واجه العراق في الربع الأخير من القرن الماضي من الحروب والنزاعات العسكرية وما تبعه من آثار الحصار الاقتصادي، فضلاً عن الاحتلال الأخير الذي تعرض له العراق في القرن المعاصر الذي تكلل في انفلات أمني وانتشار الإرهاب وابرز على الشارع العراقي مظاهر لم يعهدها من قبل، مهد الى تفاقم وانهيار في المنظومة المجتمعية جراء ما حصل من التغيرات السياسية والاجتماعية والخ ... كل ذلك أبرز ضرورة وجود مرافق عامة متخصصة بالحماية الاجتماعية لصغار السن تعنى بتوفير كافة المتطلبات المستجدة، وإيجاد نظام قانوني يتناسب مع الحالات والظروف الحاصلة.

حتى بات واجب على الدولة في ظل هذه التحديات المعاصرة توفير كافة المتطلبات الضرورية لفئة صغار السن وبكافة الوسائل الممكنة وفاءاً للواجب الوطني في الرعاية والحماية لكافة المواطنين، ووفاءاً للالتزامات الدولية الملقاة على عاتقها كونها جزء لا يتجزاء من المجتمع الدولي، وهذا ما سنحاول تسليط الضوء عليه من خلال البحث، من خلال بيان اهم الانشطة التي تؤديها مرافق الحماية الاجتماعية المعنية بصغار السن وعرض السلطات الإدارية المختصة بمباشرة هذا النشاط، ومحاولة عرض اهم التشريعات التي تمثل أساس للحماية الإدارية المقدمة الى هذه الفئة وما قد يشوبها من عيوب او نقص، وذلك في اطار مقارنة مع دولة الامارات العربية المتحدة.
الاطار القانوني للعقد المستقبلي في سوق الاوراق المالية
Authors: نافع خالص امين , محمد اياد جواد
Published: September 2022

يتم الاتفاق من خلال العقد المستقبلي على تأجيل الاستلام ودفع الثمن الى اجل محدد يتم الاتفاق عليه ابتداء ، والذي هو في حقيقته اجل تسوية الفرق بين سعر محل العقد يوم الابرام وسعره يوم التسوية، و من النادر ان ينتهي العقد المستقبلي بالتسليم . وهو بهذا الفهم ورقة مالية قابلة للتداول في الاسواق المنظمة ويحل محل البائع او المشتري في مركزهما القانوني شخص اخر بغض النظر عن موافقة الطرف الاخر .وهو عقد حظي باهتمام المشرع العراقي الذي نظم بعض احكامه في قوانين عديدة.
سياسة التجريم في القوانين الجنائية الخاصة
Authors: الشمري كاظم عبدالله , عبد زينة عبد الجليل
Published: September 2022

سياسة التجريم في القوانين الجنائية الخاصة تنصب بالأصل على الافعال المخلة بنظام الجماعة، والتي تمثل اعتداءً على مصالح جديرة بالحماية الجزائية ، حيث تتميز هذه السياسة التجريمية بطبيعتها الخاصة النابعة من طبيعة التجريم  في هذه القوانين من حيث كونه في الاعم الاغلب تجريم: ( نفعي، تحوطي)، ومن مصادر التجريم التي تختلف عموماً عن مصادر التجريم في قانون العقوبات، فبالإضافة الى القانون الصادر من السلطة التشريعية هناك حالات معينة تتولى فيها السلطة التنفيذية صلاحية إصدار أنظمة وتعليمات( لوائح) تكون كمصدر للتجريم والعقاب في هذه القوانين ، واخير فأن خصوصية هذه السياسة في القوانين الجنائية الخاصة متأتية من معايير التجريم في هذه القوانين ، إذ يتخذ المشرع الجزائي من خصوصية المصلحة المحمية جنائياً وطبيعتها التي غالبا ما تتسم بالطابع المتغير، ومن طبيعة الخطر في بعض الجرائم على المصالح التي قدر المشرع حمايتها معاييراً للتجريم في هذه القوانين.
الوساطة الجنائية كنظام بديل عن الدعوى الجزائية في التشريع العراقي
Authors: حسين الاء ناصر , خلف سحر عباس
Published: September 2022

إن الوساطة الجنائية تعد وسيلة من الوسائل المستحدثة التي تسعى الى حل المنازعات الجنائية بعيداً عن الإجراءات التقليدية للدعوى الجزائية وخارج ساحة القضاء ولكن تحت إشرافه ورقابته، وتقوم عملية الوساطة على فكرة الرضائية في أنهاء النزاع حيث تعطي لكل من الجاني والمجني عليه دوراً في حل النزاع القادم بينهما خارج نطاق القضاء، وذلك يتم بتدخل طرف ثالث من الغير (الوسيط) والذي يكون له الدور الرئيسي في نجاح عملية الوساطة، ويلزم الوسيط بتبليغ الجهة القضائية بما انتهت اليه الوساطة من نتائج، ومن ثم يكون للجهة القضائية فيما بعد سلطة تقديرية في تقرير العودة والاستمرار بإجراءات الدعوى الجزائية أو إنهاؤها. ورغم أهمية نظام الوساطة وانسجامه مع الطبيعة الاجتماعية للمجتمع العراقي، كونه مجتمع ذو علاقات اجتماعية مترابطة، وهذا ما يساعد على نجاح الوساطة الجنائية في النزاعات إلا إن التشريع الاجرائي العراقي لم يأخذ به.
الضمانات الجنائية لضحايا الإرهاب
Authors: الشمري منيف حواس
Published: September 2022

ان الجرائم الإرهابية تمس أساساً حياة الإنسان في سلامة الجسم والحق في حماية الملكية؛ وحقوق اخرى؛ الامر الذي يتطلب اتخاذ اجراءات سريعة وفورية لتوفير الحماية الجنائية لضحايا تلك الجريمة؛ وتبدأ هذه الاجراءات من لحظة انتهاء الجريمة ومن هنا كانت الانطلاقة في محاولة لم الشتات لأجل تسليط الضوء على الحقوق التي يتمتع بها ضحايا الجريمه الإرهابيه منذ لحظة ارتكابها ولغاية تنفيذ القصاص العادل  لذلك فان البحث في حقوق ضحايا الإرهاب يعد من المواضيع المتجددة وهذا ما دعت وشجعت الجهود الدولية المعنية بمنع الجريمة والعدالة الجنائية في جذب انتباه المجتمع الدولي الى ضرورة حماية حقوق ضحايا الارهاب واتخاذ إجراءات فعالة للحد من الآلام والاضرار الناجمة عن الجريمة تعزيزا للشعور الوطني بالأمن والأمان.         ولاشك في أن الأهمية لازالت تتصاعد في العالم لكون اضرار الجرائم الإرهابية اكثر فداحة وأشد أثرأ من نظيراتها في الدول المتقدمة التي يمكنها بثرائها وثرواتها وارتفاع مستويات المعيشة فيها امتصاص كثير من الأضرار المترتبة على الجريمة فيها.
الحماية الدولية للناشطين في مجال الدفاع عن حقوق الإنسان
Authors: حميد سعد ناصر
Published: September 2022

على الرغم من دور الحكومات الأساسي في تحمل المسؤولية الأساسية في حماية حقوق الإنسان بموجب المعايير والصكوك الدولية لحقوق الإنسان ، إلا أنها ليست الجهة الوحيدة المسؤولة عن ضمان تنفيذ تلك الحقوق ، فالأفراد ذاتهم عليهم واجب تجاه مجتمعهم في مراعاة واحترام وتعزيز تلك الحقوق والحريات والعمل على حمايتها بالوسائل كافة، وهذا ما تؤكده الفقرة (1) من  المادة (29) من الإعلان العالمي لحقوق الإنسان لعام 1948 والتي تنص "على كل فرد واجبات نحو المجتمع الذي يتاح فيه وحده لشخصيته أن تنمو نموا حرا كاملا.

         وعلى مر التاريخ برز العديد من الإفراد والجماعات سواء على المستوى الدولي أم الوطني وعلى اختلاف مسمياتهم " ناشط ، مدافع ، عامل ، مراقب" الذين كان لهم الدور الكبير والفاعل في الدعوة إلى تطبيق وتفعيل حقوق الإنسان في مجتمعاتهم ، ودفعوا حياتهم وحرياتهم ثمنا لذلك، فضلا عن عمليات التضييق والترهيب والمراقبة بمختلف الوسائل للحد من فاعليتهم ، نذكر منهم الناشطون في مجال حقوق الإنسان "مارتن لوثر ونيلسون مانديلا" اللذان افنيا اعمارهم في مجال مكافحة التمييز العنصري .

       وبالمقابل نجد أنه ليس هناك سعي حقيقي من الحكومات  للتعامل مع الاعتداءات التي تطالهم أو إرادة سياسية لحمايتهم باعتبارهم مكونا هاما من المكونات الضرورية لخلق عالم أكثر أمنا وعدلا خاصة في بلدنا الحبيب ، وقد تنبه المجتمع الدولي لاحقا لأهمية الدور الذي يؤديه الأفراد في ذلك الجانب وضرورة توفير الحماية الدولية لهم ، عندما اعتمدت الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة عام 1998باتفاق الآراء، الإعلان المتعلق "بحق ومسؤولية الأفراد والجماعات وهيئات المجتمع في تعزيز وحماية حقوق الإنسان والحريات الأساسية المعترف بها عالميا" ، الذي يعد خطوة كبيرة كونه اعطى مركزا قانونيا للناشط وصلاحيات وحقوق فضلاً عن كونه بيّن إجراءات الحماية التي يجب اعتمادها من قبل الدول .

         وعليه سعينا من خلال بحثنا التعريف بالناشطين في مجال حقوق الإنسان وبيان المركز القانوني الدولي وآليات الحماية الدولية والوطنية المتاحة لهم ، فضلا عن تسليط الضوء على الانتهاكات التي تطالهم والتحديات والمعوقات التي تعترض عملهم  ، وتوصلنا في الختام إلى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها:

1ـ يمثل الإعلان المتعلق بحقوق المدافعين عن حقوق الإنسان لعام 1998  إنجازاً هاما على المستوى الدولي ، كونه يعترف بالدفاع عن حقوق الإنسان كحق في حد ذاته ، ومنح الناشطين في مجال الدفاع عن حقوق الإنسان مركزا قانونيا مهما لمزاولة عملهم .

2ـ  اتخاذ الإجراءات اللازمة لضمان عدم إساءة استعمال القوانين النافذة كتلك المتعلقة بالأمن لتقييد عمل الناشطين والحد من حريتهم منها المادة (200) والفقرة (5) من المادة (372 ) من قانون العقوبات العراقي النافذ لعام 1969.
مبدأ الاتساق والتكامل في احكام القضاء الدستوري حكم المحكمة الاتحادية رقم 46 /اتحادية/2020 في 27/10/2021 أنموذجاً
Authors: الهلالي علي هادي
Published: September 2022

يصدر القضاء الدستوري احكامه على وفق اختصاصاته المتعددة ، وأخصها احكامه المعدمة للقوانين المخالفة للدستور ، لذا فإن ذاتية احكامه وصفاتها تمايزت عما سواها من الاحكام القضائية ، وامتازت عليها بخصائص العموم والالزام المطلق والبتات النهائي ؛ من هنا تقايست تلك الاحكام مع القواعد القانونية التي تسن بخصائص العموم والتجريد حتى باتت تنشر بالجريدة الرسمية ذاتها وأصبحت لا تقبل المطاعن التمييزية كونها مقترنة بقرينة الصحة والمشروعية والدستورية دون قبول مصادمتها بطعن أو عوار .
تعليق على قرار المحكمة الاتحادية العليا رقم (90) لسنة 2021 (العدول عن مبدأ السوابق القضائية في دستور جمهورية العراق لسنة 2005)
Authors: طالب مصدق عادل
Published: September 2022

أصدرت المحكمة الاتحادية العليا قرارها المرقم 90/اتحادية/2019 الصادر في 28/4/2021 الذي جاء فيه (لابد للمحكمة الاتحادية العليا من العدول عن قراراتها السابقة بخصوص استحصال موافقة مجلس النواب بشكل مطلق عن أي جريمة يتهم بها أياً من أعضاء مجلس النواب واقتصار ذلك بحالة واحدة فقط وهي (عدم جواز تنفيذ مذكرة القبض الصادرة عن جريمة جناية غير مشهودة متهم بها عضو مجلس النواب خلال مدة الفصل التشريعي او خارجه الا بعد استحصال الاذن بذلك من مجلس النواب بالأغلبية المطلقة خلال الفصل التشريعي او من رئيس مجلس النواب اذا كان ذلك خارج مدة الفصل التشريعي وفيما عدا ذلك تتخذ الإجراءات القانونية بدون موافقة مجلس النواب او رئيسه في حالة اتهامه بارتكاب جريمة من جرائم الجنح والمخالفات التي لا علاقة لها بعمله داخل مجلس النواب او احدى لجانه والموصوفة بالحصانة الموضوعية المشار اليها أعلاه) واعتبار ذلك مبدأ جديداً وعدولاً عن المبدأ السابق المتعلق بحصانة عضو مجلس النواب. اما مفهوم الأغلبية المطلقة لرفع الحصانة عن عضو مجلس النواب الصادرة بحقه مذكرة قبض عن جناية غير مشهودة فانها بحسب احكام المادة (63/ب) من الدستور يقصد بها اكثر من نصف العدد الكلي لعدد أعضاء مجلس النواب ويعد ذلك عدولاً عن قرار المحكمة السابق بالعدد (23/اتحادية/2007) الصادر بتاريخ 21/10/2007 بخصوص تفسير المقصود بالأغلبية المطلقة اذ ان المشرع الدستوري قصد بالأغلبية المطلقة اكثر من نصف العدد الكلي لأعضاء مجلس النواب أينما وردت عبارة (الأغلبية المطلقة) سواء اقترن ذكرها بعبارة عدد أعضائه ام جاءت مجردة، اما المقصود بالأغلبية البسيطة فأنها تعني اكثر من نصف العدد الفعلي لأعضاء مجلس النواب الحاضرين بعد تحقق نصاب انعقاد جلسات المجلس بحضور الأغلبية المطلقة لعدد أعضائه واعتبار ذلك مبدأ جديداً وعدولاً عن المبدأ السابق المتعلق بتفسير الأغلبية وفقاً للتفصيل المشار اليه انفاً)[i].

 

[i] - جاء اصدار قرار المحكمة الاتحادية العليا اعلاه بناءً على الطعن المقدم من قبل النائب (ط.خ.ع) الى المحكمة والمتضمن طلب الغاء قرار مجلس النواب برفع الحصانة رقم (727) في 19/8/2019.
The juridification of vulnerability in the European legal culture
Authors: Catanzariti Mariavittoria
Published: September 2022

Although not being a codified legal concept, vulnerability has been increasingly used over the past years in the reasoning of the European Court of Human Rights. Some relevant cases dealing with the multi-faceted notion of vulnerability are retrospectively presented to exemplify this trend, considering two aspects. First, the paper explores the process of juridification of vulnerability in the ECtHR’s case law from the perspective of the sociology of law. Through the emerging uncodified notion of vulnerability, it seeks to inquire the relationship of juridification and legal culture focusing on the legal response to social needs arising from the use of vulnerability. Second, the paper conceptualizes vulnerability looking at its interplay with different human rights’ violations. The paper ultimately aims to re-theorize the role of legal culture as a catalyst for juridification, taking vulnerable conditions and their relevance to the law as a paradigmatic example of social change.
Committees of Inquiry
Authors: Młynarska-Sobaczewska Anka
Published: September 2022

Committees of inquiry are a permanent part of parliamentary systems in most countries. They are designed as bodies referred to in extraordinary situations where a crisis or scandal raises questions about the accuracy and diligence of government action and calls into question the operation of regular mechanisms of executive oversight. The tasks of committees of inquiry are therefore an excellent environment for the enforcement of government accountability by the legislature. The paper examines how committees of inquiry in three parliamentary systems (Italy, Germany and Poland) are designed – what are the crucial factors and features of the legal framework for exercise of accountability? The second aim is to analyse how they have worked and what have been subject matter of COIs during last two decades. The experience of committees in the selected countries leads to the conclusion that – despite an important role in discovering and assigning blame for faults and maladministration – they are losing their ability to enforce governmental accountability, and parliaments seem to have abandoned the search for the real causes of undesirable phenomena in favour of managing blame and creating an impression of being involved in matters of interest to voters.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BAHASA ANAK USIA DINI MELALUI BERCERITA PANGGUNG BONEKA
Authors: Dhaifi Ilzam , Jannah Wardatul
Published: September 2022

A very important factor for children in expressing their emotions is through language. Language for children can be obtained through their experiences in daily life. One method that can be an alternative in developing language for early childhood is using the puppet stage storytelling method. Through listening activities, children can absorb the information contained in the story. The formulation of the problem in this study is (1) How is the implementation of improving early childhood language skills through storytelling on a puppet stage in group B children?. (2) How are the results of improving early childhood language skills through puppet stage storytelling in group B children. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) with problem solving carried out in cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, action, observation and reflection with the aim of improving the quality of classroom learning. While the results of this study include; (1) The process of implementing the storytelling on the puppet stage begins with asking the children to line up in a circle to tell the story on the puppet stage. The teacher calls the children one by one to come to the stage and the children start telling stories in turn according to the teacher's directions. (2) the results of the study showed an increase in aspects of children's language skills through puppet stage storytelling, namely pre-cycle, the percentage value reached 30%. With an average value of 3.9, after the first cycle of action, the percentage value reached 50%. With an average value of 5.2. The second cycle of action, the percentage value reached 80%, with an average value of 6.7%.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KONSEP BILANGAN MELALUI METODE MONTESSORI PADA ANAK KELOMPOK A DI RA NURUL HIKMAH PALANGAN JANGKAR
Authors: Suyanti Suyanti , Hozeiningsih Hozeiningsih
Published: September 2022

The development of the concept of children's numbers is one of the important things in the growth of early childhood. The concept of number is an abstract form that provides information on the number of objects symbolizing numbers which can be numbers or writing that can be stimulated in early childhood. The learning process of introducing the concept of numbers to make it fun for children uses learning media to group objects through number cards and picture cards. The formulation of the problem in this study is (1) How to improve the ability of number concepts through the Montessori method in group A children at RA Nurul Hikmah Palangan Angkar Situbondo (2) How the results of increasing number concept skills through the Montessori Method in group A children at RA Nurul Hikmah Palangan Angkar Situbondo. This research refers to Classroom Action Research (CAR) which is carried out by planning, implementing, observing and reflecting on actions through cycles. The results of this study are (1) The process of implementing the Montessori Method one by one from students grouping objects in a sequence of 1-10 using number cards and picture cards, after finishing counting, children will begin to distinguish shapes, colors and sizes of objects. (2) The results showed an increase in the ability to recognize the concept of numbers through the Montessori Method, namely the pre-cycle percentage value of 20%, after the implementation of the first cycle it reached 53%, the second cycle the indicator achievement increased by the percentage of 86.6%. In each cycle there has been an increase in the development of number concept skills in children in recognizing numbers.
PENERAPAN OUTBOUND KIDS DALAM MENINGKATKAN MOTORIK KASAR ANAK
Authors: Masruroh Farhatin , Muslimin Muslimin , Sofyani Mutma’innah
Published: September 2022

Gross motor is a body movement that uses large muscles, either most or all of the limbs that are influenced by the maturity of the child itself. The formulation of the problem in this study is how the process of exercising for children's gross motor skills through the application of outbound kids games in improving physical motor skills and how the results of implementing outbound kids games in improving children's physical motoric in group B at RA Riyadul Ulum Botolinggo Bondowoso. The type of research used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) by solving learning problems in class, problem solving is done in a cycle. Each cycle consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection with the aim of improving the quality of learning in the classroom. Based on observational research, it can be seen that (1) the implementation of outbound kids to improve gross motor development of children at RA Riyadul Ulum includes; the teacher explains how to play outbound footprint and hand with the illustrated carpet media, one by one they walk, jump, on the footprint and hand media through illustrated commands made from the carpet, then the teacher asks again their movements, correct or not the sequence of movements according to the instructions from the picture . (2) The results showed an increase in aspects of children's gross motor development through outbound kids, namely pre-cycle, the percentage value reached 30%. The average achievement of the indicators for children is 3 after the Cycle I action is carried out, the percentage value reaches 50%. Meanwhile, the average achievement of the indicators achieved by children is 5. Actions in Cycle II, the percentage value reaches 100%. The average value of the child's indicator achievement is 7.8 which found a comparison on the level of gross motor development of children that children experienced an increase in gross motor development after outbound kids.
MENINGKATKAN MOTORIK KASAR ANAK MELALUI PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL GOBAK SODOR
Authors: Karimah Aushafil , Siti Nur Aini Menia Siti Nur Aini Menia
Published: September 2022

Children's gross motor development can be developed through the traditional game of gobak sodor.The formulation ofthe problem in thisresearch is howthe process ofimplementing gobak sodor playing activitiesinimproving gross motor skills of early childhood, how to increase children's gross motor skills through traditionalgames of gobak sodor, and howthe results ofimplementing gobak sodor playing activitiesin improving gross motorskillsof early childhoodingroupBatMutiaraSemiringMangaranKindergartenSitubondo.ThetypeofresearchusedisClassroom Action Research (CAR) by solving learning problemsin class, problem solving is done in a cycle. Eachcycle consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection with the aim of improving the quaty of learning in theclassroom. Based on observationalresearch,it can be seen thatthe results ofthe implementation oftheGobak Sodorgame to improve the gross motor development of children in MutiaraKindergarten include; Firstthe teacher dividesthe groups, each group consists of 4-5 children.The resultsshowed an increase in aspects of children's gross motordevelopmentthroughtheGobakSodorgame, namelyPre-cycle,thepercentage value reached39%. asfortheaverageachievement ofthe child indicators are 4.4. afterthe action of Cycle I,the percentage value reached 61%. While theaverage achievement of the indicators achieved by children are 5.2 and the Cycle II action, the percentage valuereaches 83%.The average value ofthe child'sindicators of achievementis: 5.9 it has been found a comparison ofthelevelofgrossmotordevelopmentof childrenshowsthatchildrenhaveincreasedtheirgrossmotordevelopment.
HUBUNGAN BERMAIN GAME ONLINE DENGAN GANGGUAN KESEHATAN MATA ANAK USIA DINI DI TK DHARMA WANITA PERSATUAN PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Asmi Asmi , Wulandari Heny , Komariah Kanada
Published: September 2022

Play online games more than 4 hours a day this includes the abnormal category because the normal category of children playing online games is (> 2 hours a day) this study aims to determine the relationship between playing games and eye health disorders in early childhood dharma wanita unity kindergaten, lampung province the formulation of problem in this research is there a relathionship between playing online game with eye health disorders in early chilhood.This type of research is quantitative research with cross sectional method. This type of research is to look at the relationship jbetween one variable and another. Data collection techniques jused are through questionnaires, Observations, and documentation. The population in this study were 24 children in the dharma wanita unity kindergaten in lampung province. The sample in this study were 24 children using purposive sampling technique. Based on the results of data analysis, it is known that there is a maderate and significant relationship between playing online games with health problems with a corelation value of 0,517 and sig 0,01 < 0,05. The relationship that occurs in positive or unidirectional, so that if children often play online games the higher the chance that the child will experience eye helath problems.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF ANAK AUTIS DALAM MENGENAL KONSEP WARNA MELALUI PERMAINAN ALAT MUSIK ANGKLUNG
Authors: Wahyuni Nur
Published: September 2022

The focus of this research is how the form of the implementation of the game using angklung media in recognizing the concept of color to improve aspects of the cognitive development of autistic children and how the results of applying the angklung musical instrument game method to the cognitive abilities of autistic children in KB Inclusion Angrek Mandiri. The method used is the Kemmis and Mc class action research cycle model. Tanggart. The subjects studied were autistic children in the Anggrek Mandiri KB Inclusion with a total of eight children. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive qualitative and quantitative. The assessment instrument for observation activities is an observation sheet (checklist). The standard indicator of classical completeness in this study is 75% of the indicators achieved by children. The results showed that there was an increase in cognitive ability to recognize the concept of color in autistic children after practicing through the Angklung musical instrument. The results of observations in the pre-cycle that reached the completion criteria of 12.5% ​​then increased by 50% in the implementation of the first cycle and increased by 75% in the second cycle.
PENGEMBANGAN KREATIVITAS MELALUI PERMAINAN KONSTRUKTIF PADA ANAK
Authors: Sulastri Sulastri
Published: September 2022

The formulation of the problem in the research is how the process and results of implementing constructive game activities in an effort to develop children's creativity through constructive games for group A children at KB Nuril Asror Trigonco Asembagus. The type of research used is study room activity research by destroying homeroom school issues. Critical thinking is pursued in stages from pre-cycle, cycle I, to cycle II. Each cycle consists of Composition, Activity, Perception, and Reflection. Determined to work on the nature of the training in the study room. Based on observational exploration, the results of the study show that the use of productive game exercises to build children's imagination at KB Nuril Asror Trigonco Asembagus includes the educator inviting the children to sit on the sofa and work area, then, at that time, the instructor understands the movement and offers examples of strategies. to play. The test results show that there is an increase in children's imagination through productive games where children can make various types of structures with puzzles, especially pre-cycles, the average value reaches 37.5% there is also normal achievement. of the child's score is 4, 5. After trying the Cycle I activities, the level value reaches 75%, there is also the normal achievement of the child's instructions, which is 6.5 and the Cycle II pattern, the value reaches 87.5%, the normal value of the child's achievement is 7.5. Tests have found fair and equitable development of children's creativity through valuable play assuming that children face an increase in their imagination.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN SAINS ANAK MELALUI KEGIATAN EKSPLORASI BINATANG DI KELOMPOK A TK PGRI 7 TAPEN BONDOWOS
Authors: Dhaifi Ilzam , Qamariyah Iqmatul
Published: September 2022

One of the aims of learning science for early childhood is for children to acquire knowledge and have a scientific attitude. Through exploration activities, it will be easier for children to gain more knowledge and experience because of the unlimited nature of exploring. Based on the results of action research conducted in group A of TK PGRI 7 Tapen Bondowoso on Improving science through animal exploration activities, the following results were obtained: a) the implementation process consisted of two cycles. In cycle 1, the teacher invites children to observe animals from the pictures given and observe animals directly in cycle II. The teacher explains and asks questions about the animals that have been observed. Learning is carried out actively and fun. The teacher gives a lot of ice breaking and invites children to play so that children still enjoy the learning that is carried out. In the assessment carried out, the teacher refers to eight predetermined indicators. Learning runs effectively and efficiently as evidenced by the results of observations and learning outcomes obtained, namely in the first cycle reaching 52%, and increasing in the second cycle 78%. while the classical mastery target set is 75%.
KONSISTENSI PENILAIAN DALAM MELAKSANAKAN PEMBELAJARAN DI PAUD
Authors: Khulusinniyah Khulusinniyah
Published: September 2022

Carrying out an assessment is one of the teacher's obligations in carrying out a series of learning. Even in PAUD, assessment becomes an obligation for teachers to find out the extent of child development and the success of the stimulation carried out by the teacher. The results of the assessment will then become an evaluation of the learning process carried out, so that the assessment must be truly objective. To achieve the objectivity of an assessment in PAUD, there needs to be consistency in setting indicators, assessment criteria, and learning outcomes, so that children are not disadvantaged, and the follow-up of these assessments can really develop the child's potential optimally.
Effect of Wall Colors and Usage Rates on The Perception of Interior Spaces
Authors: AKSOY ÖZLER Kübra , HİDAYETOĞLU M. Lütfi , YILDIRIM Kemal
Published: September 2022

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of colors and the usage rates in interior spaces on the spatial perceptions of users. With this objective, a living space was designed in a manner that would have three different colors (warm, neutral, and cool) and usage rates at 10%, 50%, and 100% and digital visuals were prepared. A total of 233 subjects participated in the research questionnaire and the data obtained were analyzed. In conclusion, it was determined that the living spaces which were colored at a low rate were perceived more positively according to the Semantic Differentiation Scales compared to the completely colored spaces. The spaces where warm and cool colors were used at the rate of 10% were perceived as more spacious and beautiful compared to the spaces where colors were used at the rates of 50% and 100%, whereas it was observed that when the values received were from positive to negative, they were listed in the form of 10% > 50% > 100%. Despite this, it was determined that the spaces where warm colors were used at the rates of 50% and 100% were perceived as more informal. Furthermore, it was observed that the differences in the colors used on the walls and the usage rates were changing according to gender and professions. Accordingly, it was determined that especially females and interior architects preferred, even more, the spaces with warm colors having a low usage rate.
Impacto de la afectación pulmonar y el estado inflamatorio sobre el gasto metabólico basal y el estado nutricional en pacientes con fibrosis quística
Authors:   , Fernández Adriana
Published: September 2022

Introducción: Los pacientes con Fibrosis quística (FQ) presentan (GER) aumentado. Durante las exacerbaciones respiratorias (ER) se produce aumento de la inflamación y disminución de la función pulmonar (FP) que podrían alterar el requerimiento energético. Objetivo: Evaluar el GER, la FP y el estado inflamatorio en un grupo de niños con FQ que requirieron tratamiento antibiótico endovenoso (EV) de una ER. Materiales y métodos: Estudio prospectivo sobre pacientes ≥ 6 años internados para recibir tratamiento EV. Al ingreso y al alta se midió: GER mediante calorimetría indirecta, antropometría, FP y laboratorio. Variables obtenidas: GER (absoluto y % Schofield); peso, talla e IMC (absolutos y puntaje z), pliegue tricipital y circunferencia braquial; VEF1 (absoluto y % predicho) eritrosedimentación (ERS) y proteína C reactiva (PCR). Se compararon medias con test de t para muestras pareadas. Resultados: Sobre 17 pacientes, 14 completaron el protocolo. Edad x: 13.25 años 46% femenino. 30% presentaba infección crónica por Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Se encontró aumento significativo del peso (35,91/36,76 p 0,002), VEF1 absoluto (1,39/1,69 p 0,001) y % predicho (57/72,45 0 <0,001) y pliegue tricipital (10,86/11,44 p 0,023). Mejoría de IMC absoluto y puntaje Z no significativas estadísticamente (p 0,196/0,116). Descenso de la PCR no significativo (p 0,256) y de la ERS (p 0,03) con significación estadística. El GER registrado al inicio y final del tratamiento (1313/1393 cal/k/d p 0,105, % de Schofield 111,5/116 p 0.199) no tuvo diferencias significativas y tampoco la circunferencia braquial (21,21/21,14 cm (p 0,35) Conclusiones: Se encontró un GER aumentado sin modificaciones luego del tratamiento. El aumento de peso observado podría deberse a depósito de masa grasa. La FP mejoró con un probable descenso del estado inflamatorio. Se requiere de una muestra mayor para arribar a conclusiones definitivas.
The Intention to Use Co-Working Space: Is it related to Rental Fees, Location, and Training?
Authors: Krishnan K. Sarojani Devi , Abdul Rani Nazatul Shima , Suda Khairul Azizan
Published: September 2022

Objective - Entrepreneurs today strive to manage their business successfully, which they may accomplish by reducing costs while maintaining optimum productivity. A trendy choice for entrepreneurs today is to use co-working space instead of renting the space independently, which can incur heavy overhead. Thus, this study investigates the relationships between SMEs' intention to use co-working space and rental fees, location, and training provided by co-working space owners.
Methodology/Technique –The sample consists of 267 young entrepreneurs in Malaysia. Questionnaires were distributed to the sample, and the items focused on the intention to use co-working space, rental fees, location, and training provided by co-working space owners. The sample used a Likert scale with ratings from 5(Strongly Agree) to 1(Strongly Disagree) to rate the items.
Finding – The analysis shows that rental fees have a positive, significant, and weak relationship to co-working space, while location and training have a positive, substantial, and moderate relationship to co-working space.
Novelty –The study has implications for co-working space owners to provide attractive packages or incentives, including facilities, training and location, and work atmosphere. More importantly, monetary packages with low costs or attractive promotions could be offered to attract young entrepreneurs to use co-working spaces for their business activities which will benefit both owners and users.
Type of Paper: Empirical
JEL Classification: L26, L29, M13.
Keywords: Intention to Use; Rental fees; Location; Training; Workshops.
Reference to this paper should be referred to as follows: Krishnan, K.S.D; Rani, N.S.A; Suda, K.A. (2022). The Intention to Use Co-Working Space: Is it related to Rental Fees, Location, and Training?, GATR-Global J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Review, 10(3), 172–179. https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2022.10.3(6)
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN BUSINESS: SOCIAL ASPECTS OF THEORETICAL MODELING, ANALYTICS AND PRACTICE
Authors: Ladyzhets N.S.
Published: September 2022

The analysis of artificial intelligence (AI) in recent decades has acquired an obvious interdisciplinary character, with various industry projections in the fields of economics, manufacturing, medicine, culture, education, as well as in the development and application of military equipment. The main conceptualizations and theoretical models of AI belong to the Western analytical tradition, proving to be in demand both for substantiating the conditions for achieving sustainable development and the positions of political and economic leadership of the United States of America and Western European countries, and for drawing attention to the ever-increasing riskiness of society and the radicalization of modernity. One of the many industry projections of artificial intelligence analysis has become its application in business. Here, as well as in continuation of the "tradition" of analytics in other areas, the constancy of the confusion of terms is obvious, therefore one of the subsections of the article is devoted to terminological clarifications. The dynamics of changes in recent years related to the development of AI is also disclosed. The article considers the formation of modern business landscapes, which is taking place with the increasing rooting of the impact of AI in everyday practices. It is shown that decision-making using business intelligence tools controlled by artificial intelligence is becoming a relevant innovative trend for large corporations interested in achieving strategic leadership and interaction. The social aspects of the AI service model are revealed, as well as the strengthening of the relationship between artificial intelligence and big data, the formation of a competitive business environment that significantly increases management and consumer risks. The results of research on the use of AI in Russian business, confirmed by industry experts, are presented.