bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TROMBOSE SÉPTICA DO SEIO CAVERNOSO ASSOCIADO A ANEURISMA MICÓTICO
Authors: Martins Leticia Franco , Rosado Carlos Augusto Ciarlini Dantas , Cantidio Martha Sophia Costa , Campelo Vinicius Dutra
Published: April 2024

Introdução: O caso clínico refere um paciente do sexo masculino, 3 anos de idade, acometido por trombose séptica do seio cavernoso associado a aneurisma micótico supostamente por meio de uma picada de inseto que gerou uma infecção pela bactéria Staphylococcus aureus em sua cepa resistente (MRSA), um micro-organismo de preocupação clínica, conhecido por desencadear o quadro citado. Relato de Caso: Após aparecem os primeiros sintomas do paciente, tem-se a confirmação infecciosa pela bactéria MRSA. O processo infeccioso afetou inicialmente o olho direito (OD), mas houve avanço para o olho esquerdo (OE), o que levou o paciente ao isolamento clínico por 42 dias, tratado com oxacilina. Discussão: Após o desaparecimento dos sintomas e receber alta hospitalar, o OE não apresentava reatividade pupilar, baixa mobilidade oculomotora e palpebral, além de citar não enxergar pelo referido olho, danos confirmados por exames oftalmológicos, cujo OE fica sequelado com amaurose por trombose séptica do seio cavernoso. Dessa forma, confirma-se que há lesão em nervos cranianos e na inervação do respectivo olho, sem possibilidade de reparo dos danos, continuando com acompanhamento oftalmológico e pediátrico, tendo futuramente (5 anos de idade) sido encontrada uma massa compatível com aneurisma na carótida interna esquerda por meio de uma tomografia computadorizada de face e crânio, solicitada pelo pediatra por um atraso no crescimento do paciente. Conclusão: Após esse reconhecimento, o paciente submeteu-se a drenagem do aneurisma e embolização pela técnica do balão de remodelagem, realizada sem problemas, de modo que teve alta hospitalar e nenhuma complicação secundária.
IMPACTOS NA SAÚDE DECORRENTES DO USO DE ANABOLIZANTES
Authors: Martins Anna Beatriz de Souza , Oliveira Patrícia Fabíula Machado de
Published: April 2024

Introdução: Existe uma pressão social, cheia de estereótipos onde instiga-se as pessoas a buscarem o corpo perfeito, levando-as a procurar meios rápidos para alcançar o padrão de corpo desejado, recorrendo ao uso de recursos não saudáveis, dentre eles os anabolizantes androgênicos, ocasionando uma série de graves efeitos colaterais que podem ou não ser reversíveis. Objetivo: Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar os impactos na saúde decorrentes do uso de anabolizantes, investigando os efeitos colaterais associados a essas substâncias e suas implicações para a saúde. Metodologia: Consistindo em uma revisão bibliográfica do tipo integrativa, utilizadas bases de dados acadêmicos reconhecidas, incluindo PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Google Schoolar, adotando como critério de inclusão artigos publicados na integra nos últimos 10 anos. Resultados: Nos resultados foi identificado um aumento significativo na influência social, influenciada pela mídia, que impulsiona muitos indivíduos, especialmente jovens e atletas, a recorrerem ao uso de anabolizantes na busca incessante pelo corpo ideal, se expondo a uma série de riscos à saúde relacionados ao uso dessas substâncias. Conclusão: Contudo, a promoção da saúde por meio da educação e troca de informações é essencial para combater o uso envolvido de anabolizantes.
DESAFIOS PROPORCIONADOS PELA PNAB 2017 Á GESTÃO E AOS PROFISSIONAIS DA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA EM SAÚDE
Authors: Américo Mariana Ferreira , Rodrigues Marília Eduarda , Souza Amanda Faria de , Dias Ana Elisa Nunes da Rocha , Naves Elisangela Franciscon
Published: April 2024

Introdução: As diretrizes da nova política de Atenção Básica de 2017 causaram diversos efeitos na gestão das unidades de saúde, podendo ser responsáveis pela redução na qualidade no atendimento o SUS. Objetivo: Conhecer os desafios causados pela Política Nacional de Atenção Básica de 2017 nas unidades de Estratégia Saúde da Família. Metodologia: É um estudo descritivo de abordagem mista. Resultados: Encontrou-se insuficiência de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde, grande rotatividade de médicos e redução de recursos nas unidades causada pelo corte no financiamento. Conclusão: Tais desafios prejudicaram a integralidade dos cuidados primários em saúde, propiciando retrocessos nos avanços que a Atenção Básica conquistou ao longo dos anos.
Präzise Düngen schont die Umwelt: Die Motordrehzahl regelt die Menge
Authors:   Ellen-Christine Reiff
Published: April 2024

Zu viel Dünger belastet die Umwelt. Stickstoffbeispielweise können die Pflanzen über ihreWurzeln nur als lösliche Nitratverbindungenaufnehmen. Überschüssiger Stickstoffdüngergelangt dann leicht ins Grundwasser. InnovativeDüngerstreuer bringen den Mineraldünger in derrichtigen Menge genau dorthin, wo er benötigtwird. Kompakte, leistungsstarke und dabei sehrdynamische bürstenlose DC-Motoren helfen beider Präzisionsdosierung.
Laboratory changes and parenchymal changes in computed tomography after COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Kırıcı Berber Nurcan , İnceoğlu Feyza , Akçiçek Mehmet , Sarıcı Ahmet , Acun Delen Leman , Aydoğan Baykara Rabia , Şahin Gür Lale , Berber İlhami
Published: April 2024

Aims: Novel coronavirus-2019 (2019-nCoV) has caused a global pandemic. Fort his reason, our study is to determine the
variables of thorax tomography findings and laboratory data after covid 19 pneumonia in cases with severe covid 19 pneumonia and to detect the findings of possible interstitial lung diseases.
Methods: In this single-center study, 61 consecutive patients were examined. These patients were admitted to the COVID-19
Pandemic Clinic of Malatya Training and Research Hospital between July 15, 2020 and August 28, 2020 and were hospitalized with a diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients were discharged after the illness, and after 6 months, they applied to the outpatient clinic for follow-up. In this study, we compared the changes in laboratory variables and thorax CT scans at the time of diagnosis and 6 months later. Patients were divided into groups 1 and 2. Group 1: patients who were diagnosed with COVID 19 pneumonia at initial presentation and had thorax CT and laboratory parameters at the time of diagnosis and group 2: patients who presented to the outpatient clinic for 6-month follow-up during the postcovid pneumonia period and had control thorax CT and laboratory parameters.
Results: When the laboratory parameters of group 1 and group 2 patients were statistically compared. In addition to the
increase in glucose, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, lactate
dehydrogenase, aptt, INR, fibrinogen, neutrophil percentage, mean erythrocyte hemoglobin, albumin, the decrease in
calcium, sodium, leukocyte, platelet, hemoglobin, lymphocyte count, erythrocyte distribution range variables were found to
be statistically significant (p<0.05). In our study, ground glass opacity was seen most frequently in Group 1 Thorax CT and
was found in 57 patients. In 10 of these 57 patients, ground-glass opacity was positive on Group 1 and Group 2 Thorax CT,
while ground-glass opacity was negative on Group 2 Thorax CT in 47 patients. In 50 patients, consolidation was found on
Group 1 Thorax CT and consolidation was positive on Group 1 and Group 2 Thorax CT in 5 patients. The changes in fibrosis,
parenchymal band, reticular opacity, traction bronchiectasis, irregular interfaces, ground glass opacity, consolidation, and
pulmonary nodule variables in Group 2 Thorax CT were statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Laboratory data is very important in terms of COVID-19 infection diagnosis, prognosis and guiding treatment. It
may be due to the fact that patients with residual abnormalities on control thorax CT after COVID-19 pneumonia were older,
had more comorbid diseases, and had severe clinical disease at the time of hospitalization.
Evaluation of serum natural antioxidant levels in patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder
Authors: Canlı Derya , Demir Aslıhan Dilara
Published: April 2024

Aims: Evidence for the role of oxidative stress in psychiatric disorders is growing. This study aimed to evaluate laboratory parameters related to oxidative stress, such as uric acid, albumin, and total bilirubin, which can be easily measured in serum in patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder, and to compare them with healthy controls.
Methods: The study included 221 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder according to DSM-5 criteria and 104 healthy individuals. The patient and control groups were compared in terms of serum uric acid, albumin, and total bilirubin values.
Results: A statistically significant difference was in uric acid levels among the schizophrenia group, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, and the control group (p<0.001 for all). Similarly, significant differences were identified between the patient groups and the control group in terms of albumin levels (p= 0.002, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). Total bilirubin levels also exhibited significant differences between schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, schizoaffective disorder and control group, and bipolar disorder and the control group (p<0.04, p= 0.007, p= 0.044, respectively).
Conclusion: Patients differed from controls in terms of serum natural antioxidants. The findings in our study support a causal relationship between schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder and uric acid, albumin, and total bilirubin.
Acute grade IV toxic hepatitis due to the e-cigarette
Authors: Van Roey G , Goos W , Claessens C , Hoorens A , Verlinden W , Schouten J
Published: April 2024

A 46-year-old woman presented at the emergency department because of acute hepatitis with jaundice. After hepatological work-up including liver biopsy, drug induced liver disease (DILI) was suspected. Patient recovered completely within a few months. One year later she presented again with jaundice due to acute hepatitis. Vaping was the only agent that could be identified as causative agent for DILI. After VAPING cessation, the hepatitis resolved completely. Calculated RUCAM score was 10, making the diagnosis of toxic hepatitis very likely. During follow-up liver tests remained normal. This is the first report of severe DILI secondary to the use of e-cigarettes. In future vaping can be included in the differential diagnosis of DILI.
NEUROCIRURGIA FUNCIONAL: AVALIAÇÃO DOS RESULTADOS CLÍNICOS E COMPLICAÇÕES
Authors: Barreto Manfrine Bernardo Lopes , Carranza Brenda Louise Prado , Marques Henrique Placedino e , Silva Matheus Santos , Mendanha Denise Borges
Published: April 2024

A neurocirurgia funcional, um campo em constante evolução, abrange procedimentos que visam restaurar e preservar funções neurológicas. Esta área tem sido marcada por avanços significativos que melhoram a qualidade de vida dos pacientes, embora também apresente desafios relacionados a complicações pós-operatórias. Objetivo: O propósito desta revisão sistemática foi avaliar os resultados clínicos e as complicações associadas à neurocirurgia funcional, fornecendo uma perspectiva detalhada sobre a eficácia e segurança desses procedimentos. Metodologia: A pesquisa seguiu o protocolo do checklist PRISMA, utilizando as bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Web of Science. Os descritores empregados incluíram "neurocirurgia funcional", "resultados clínicos", "complicações", "avaliação" e "neurocirurgia". Foram selecionados artigos dos últimos dez anos que envolviam estudos clínicos, revisões e meta-análises. Critérios de inclusão abrangeram estudos com dados quantitativos sobre resultados e complicações, enquanto estudos sem foco em neurocirurgia funcional, relatórios de caso isolados e artigos sem revisão por pares foram excluídos. Resultados: Foram selecionados 13 estudos. Os resultados indicaram que, apesar dos riscos inerentes, a neurocirurgia funcional tem proporcionado melhorias significativas em condições como distúrbios do movimento e epilepsia. No entanto, as complicações, embora raras, incluíram infecções, hemorragias e, em alguns casos, deterioração neurológica. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que a neurocirurgia funcional é uma área promissora, com potencial para oferecer benefícios substanciais aos pacientes. Contudo, é imperativo um monitoramento rigoroso das complicações para otimizar os resultados e garantir a segurança dos pacientes. A revisão ressaltou a importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar e da continuidade da pesquisa para aprimorar as técnicas e minimizar os riscos associados.
APLICANDO A GEOMETRIA FRACTAL COMO ESTRATÉGIA PEDAGÓGICA NO ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA NO FUNDAMENTAL II
Authors: Ramos Graciete Ferreira
Published: April 2024

Este artigo investigou a geometria fractal, abordando seu desenvolvimento histórico, fundamentos teóricos, aplicações práticas e a incorporação no ensino de matemática. Inicialmente, o estudo destacou a origem dos fractais no final do século XIX com Henri Poincaré e, mais notavelmente, Benoît Mandelbrot na década de 1970. Mandelbrot, identificado como o pai da geometria fractal, foi pioneiro na utilização de computadores para visualizar curvas fractais, ampliando significativamente a compreensão dessas estruturas complexas. A metodologia adotada focou na análise bibliográfica dos trabalhos de autores importantes que argumentaram sobre o impacto revolucionário dos fractais na percepção das formas naturais e na estrutura do conhecimento matemático. Além disso, investigou-se a aplicabilidade da geometria fractal, em um estudo de caso, no ensino de matemática por meio de revisão de literatura e análise de experiências educacionais documentadas. As principais descobertas revelaram que, além de seu valor teórico, os fractais oferecem vastas aplicações em diversos campos, desde a modelagem de fenômenos econômicos e meteorológicos até a arte e a tecnologia de computação gráfica. No âmbito educacional, foi constatado que a introdução de fractais pode enriquecer o currículo de matemática, promovendo um maior engajamento dos alunos e proporcionando uma compreensão mais profunda da natureza irregular e complexa do mundo ao nosso redor. Conclui-se que os fractais não apenas desafiam as concepções tradicionais de geometria, mas também oferecem uma nova lente através da qual podemos explorar e entender a complexidade do universo, destacando a necessidade de pesquisas futuras para explorar plenamente seu potencial educativo e aplicado.
A free, open-source method for automated mapping of quantitative mineralogy from energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy scans of rock thin sections
Authors: Reed Miles Mark , Ferrier Ken L. , Nachlas William O. , Schneider Bil , Arson Chloé , Xu Tingting , Shen Xianda , West Nicole
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Quantitative mapping of minerals in rock thin sections delivers data on mineral abundance, size, and spatial arrangement that are useful for many geoscience and engineering disciplines. Although automated methods for mapping mineralogy exist, these are often expensive, associated with proprietary software, or require programming skills, which limits their usage. Here we present a free, open-source method for automated mineralogy mapping from energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) scans of rock thin sections. This method uses a random forest machine learning image classification algorithm within the QGIS geographic information system and Orfeo Toolbox, which are both free and open source. To demonstrate the utility of this method, we apply it to 14 rock thin sections from the well-studied Rio Blanco tonalite lithology of Puerto Rico. Measurements of mineral abundance inferred from our method compare favourably to previous measurements of mineral abundance inferred from X-ray diffraction and point counts on thin sections. The model-generated mineral maps agree with independent, manually-delineated mineral maps at a mean rate of 95 %, with accuracies as high as 96 % for the most abundant phase (plagioclase) and as low as 72 % for the least abundant phase (apatite) in these samples. We show that the default random forest hyperparameters in Orfeo Toolbox yielded high accuracy in the model-generated mineral maps, and we demonstrate how users can determine the sensitivity of the mineral maps to hyperparameter values and input features. These results show that this method can be used to generate accurate maps of major mineral phases in rock thin sections using entirely free and open-source applications.
Retrieval pseudo BRDF-adjusted surface reflectance at 440 nm from Geostationary Environmental Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS)
Authors: Sim Suyoung , Choi Sungwon , Jung Daeseong , Woo Jongho , Kim Nayeon , Park Sungwoo , Kim Honghee , Jeong Ukkyo , Hong Hyunkee , Han Kyung-Soo
Published: April 2024

Abstract. In remote sensing applications, enhancing the precision of level 2 (L2) algorithms relies heavily on the accurate estimation of the surface reflectance across the ultraviolet (UV) to visible (VIS) spectrum. However, the mutual dependence between the L2 algorithms and surface reflectance retrieval poses challenges, necessitating an alternative approach. To address this issue, many satellite algorithms generate Lambert Equivalent Reflectance (LER) products as a priori surface reflectance data; however, this often results in an underestimation of these data. This study introduces a novel approach to surface reflectance retrieval, termed background surface reflectance (BSR), which leverages a semi-empirical Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) model to simulate surface reflectance based on BRDF components. This study pioneered the application of the BRDF model to hyperspectral satellite data in the UV-VIS region, aiming to provide more realistic preliminary surface reflectance data. In this study, the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) data was used, and a comparative analysis of the GEMS BSR and GEMS LER revealed an improvement in the relative Root Mean Squared Error (rRMSE) accuracy of 3 %. Additionally, a time-series analysis across diverse land types indicated a greater stability exhibited by the BSR than by the LER. For further validation, the BSR was compared with other LER databases using ground-truth data, yielding superior simulation performance. These findings present a promising avenue for enhancing the accuracy of surface reflectance retrieval from hyperspectral satellite data, thereby advancing the practical applications of remote sensing algorithms.
Ice-nucleating particles active below -24 °C in a Finnish boreal forest and their relationship to bioaerosols
Authors: Vogel Franziska , Adams Michael P. , Lacher Larissa , Foster Polly , Porter Grace C. E. , Bertozzi Barbara , Höhler Kristina , Schneider Julia , Schorr Tobias , Umo Nsikanabasi S. , Nadolny Jens , Brasseur Zoé , Heikkilä Paavo , Thomson Erik S. , Büttner Nicole , Daily Martin I. , Fösig Romy , Harrison Alexander D. , Keskinen Jorma , Proske Ulrike , Duplissy Jonathan , Kulmala Markku , Petäjä Tuukka , Möhler Ottmar , Murray Benjamin J.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Cloud properties are strongly influenced by ice formation, hence we need to understand the sources of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) around the globe. Boreal forests are known as sources of bioaerosol and recent work indicates that these dominate the INP spectra above -24 °C. To quantify the INP population at temperatures below -24 °C, we deployed a portable cloud expansion chamber (PINE) in a Finnish boreal forest from March 13, 2018 to May 11, 2018. Using the 6 min time resolution PINE data, we present several lines of evidence that INPs below -24 °C in this location are also from biological sources: an INP parameterization developed for a pine forest site in Colorado, where many INPs were shown to be biological, produced a good fit to our measurements; a moderate correlation of INP with aerosol concentration larger than 0.5 μm and the fluorescent bioaerosol concentration; a negative correlation with relative humidity that may relate to enhanced release of bioaerosol at low humidity from local sources such as the prolific lichen population in boreal forests. The absence of correlation with ultrafine particles (3.5 to 50 nm) indicates that new particle formation events are not sources of INP. This study should motivate further work to establish if the commonality in bioaerosol ice nucleating properties between spring in Finland and summer in Colorado is more generally applicable to different coniferous forest locations and times, and also to determine to what extent these bioaerosols are transported to locations where they may affect clouds.
Synergistic effects of previous winter NAO and ENSO on the spring dust activities in North China
Authors: Xu Falei , Wang Shuang , Li Yan , Feng Juan
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Dust plays an important role in influencing global weather and climate via impacting the Earth's radiative balance. Based on the atmospheric and oceanic datasets during 1980–2022, the impacts of preceding winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the following spring dust activities over North China are explored. It is found that both NAO and ENSO exert significant effects in influencing the dust activities over North China, particularly during their negative phases. A synergistic influence on the dust activities in North China is observed when both NAO and ENSO are in negative phase, with their combined impacts exceeding that of either factor alone. The previous winter NAO exhibits significant impacts on the sea surface temperatures (SST) in the North Atlantic, associating with an anomalous SST tripole pattern. Owing to the persistence of SST, these anomalies can extend into the following spring, when anomalous atmospheric teleconnection wave trains would be induced, thereby influencing the dust activities in North China. ENSO, on the one hand, directly impacts dust activities in North China by modulating the circulation in the Western North Pacific (WNP). Moreover, ENSO enhances the NAO's effect on the North Atlantic SST, explaining their synergistic effects on the dust activities over North China. This study explains the combined role of NAO and ENSO on the dust weather over North China, providing one season ahead signals for the forecast of spring dust activities in North China.
Enhancing Long-Term Vegetation Monitoring in Australia: A New Approach for Harmonising and Gap-Filling AVHRR and MODIS NDVI
Authors: Burton Chad A. , Rifai Sami W. , Renzullo Luigi J. , Van Dijk Albert I. J. M.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Long-term, reliable datasets of satellite-based vegetation condition are essential for understanding terrestrial ecosystem responses to global environmental change, particularly in Australia which is characterised by diverse ecosystems and strong interannual climate variability. We comprehensively evaluate several existing global AVHRR NDVI products for their suitability for long-term vegetation monitoring in Australia. Comparisons with MODIS NDVI highlight significant deficiencies, particularly over densely vegetated regions. Moreover, all the assessed products failed to adequately reproduce inter-annual variability in the pre-MODIS era as indicated by Landsat NDVI anomalies. To address these limitations, we propose a new approach to calibrating and harmonising NOAA’s Climate Data Record AVHRR NDVI to MODIS MCD43A4 NDVI for Australia using a gradient-boosting decision tree ensemble method. Two versions of the datasets are developed, one incorporating climate data in the predictors (‘AusENDVI-clim’: Australian Empirical NDVI-climate) and another independent of climate data (‘AusENDVI-noclim’). These datasets, spanning 1982–2013 at a spatial resolution of 0.05°, exhibit strong correlation and low relative errors compared to MODIS NDVI, accurately reproducing seasonal cycles over densely vegetated regions. Furthermore, they closely replicate the interannual variability in vegetation condition in the pre-MODIS era. A reliable method for gap-filling the AusENDVI record is also developed that leverages climate, atmospheric CO2 concentration, and woody cover fraction predictors. The resulting synthetic NDVI dataset shows excellent agreement with observations. Finally, we provide a complete 41-year dataset where gap filled AusENDVI from January 1982 to February 2000 is seamlessly joined with MODIS NDVI from March 2000 to December 2022. Analysing 40-year per-pixel trends in Australia’s annual maximum NDVI revealed increasing values across most of the continent. Moreover, shifts in the timing of annual peak NDVI are identified, underscoring the dataset's potential to address crucial questions regarding changing vegetation phenology and its drivers. The AusENDVI dataset can be used for studying Australia's changing vegetation dynamics and downstream impacts on terrestrial carbon and water cycles, and provides a reliable foundation for further research into the drivers of vegetation change. AusENDVI is open access and available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10802704 (Burton, 2024).
Analysis of chi angle distributions in isolated amino acids via multiplet fitting of proton scalar couplings
Authors: Syed Nabiha R. , Masud Nafisa B. , Smith Colin A.
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Scalar couplings are a fundamental aspect of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments and provide rich information about electron-mediated interactions between nuclei. 3J couplings are particularly useful for determining molecular structure through the Karplus relationship, a mathematical formula used for calculating 3J coupling constants from dihedral angles. In small molecules, scalar couplings are often determined through analysis of one-dimensional proton spectra. Larger proteins have typically required specialized multidimensional pulse programs designed to overcome spectral crowding and multiplet complexity. Here we present a generalized framework for fitting scalar couplings with arbitrarily complex multiplet patterns using a weak coupling model. The method is implemented in FitNMR and applicable to 1D, 2D, and 3D NMR spectra. To gain insight into the proton-proton coupling patterns present in protein side chains, we analyze a set of isolated amino acid 1D spectra. We show that the weak-coupling assumption is largely sufficient for fitting the majority of resonances, although there are notable exceptions. To enable structural interpretation of all couplings, we extend a self-consistent Karplus parameterization of side chain chi 1 to chi 2–4. An enhanced model of side chain motion incorporating rotamer statistics from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) is developed. Even without stereospecific assignments of the beta hydrogens, we find that two couplings are sufficient to exclude a single-rotamer model for all amino acids except proline. While most isolated amino acids show rotameric populations consistent with crystal structure statistics, beta-branched valine and isoleucine deviate substantially.
The travail of multi-faith religious education in Britain
Authors: Barnes L. Philip
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this article is to consider the post-confessional history of religious education in Britain, that is, multi-faith religious education, which is the form of religious education that succeeded confessional religious education, and to enquire why (and in what ways) it is in such a ‘lamentable’ state. The focus is on weaknesses rather than strengths, for it is weaknesses that are increasingly becoming apparent and increasingly discussed. Attention is given both to the commitments and ideas that have shaped the changing character of multi-faith religious education over the last fifty years and to identified weaknesses, as revealed in observational research in classrooms and in pupil surveys.
Nivel educacional y lenguaje expresivo verbal en personas mayores: rol mediador de la memoria episódica verbal
Authors: Medina Valdebenito Damian , Cancino Andrade Margarita
Published: April 2024

La expectativa de vida a nivel mundial ha aumentado considerablemente en las últimas décadas. Asimismo, se ha evidenciado que el nivel educacional es uno de los factores más influyentes en la cognición general, así como también en el desarrollo de deterioro cognitivo. Asimismo, se ha demostrado que tanto el lenguaje expresivo verbal (LEV), como la memoria episódica verbal (MEV) son habilidades cognitivas que pueden cambiar durante el proceso de envejecimiento. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la relación entre el nivel educacional y el LEV, y si esta relación está mediada por la MEV en personas mayores. Se evaluó el nivel educacional, el LEV y la MEV en una muestra de 206 personas mayores chilenas (X̅ 69 años; D.E. = 7.2). Se encontró un efecto directo y significativo del nivel educacional tanto en el LEV (β = 0.438, p < .001), como en la MEV (β = 0.411, p < .001), además, de un efecto directo de la MEV en el LEV (β = 0.634, p < .001). Sumado a esto, se identificó una mediación significativa a través de la MEV (β = 0.268, p < .001). Se concluye que el nivel educacional es un factor que contribuye a la neuroprotección en personas mayores, y que predice el rendimiento en MEV y el LEV. Asimismo, se identifica una mediación parcial de la MEV en la relación entre nivel educacional y LEV.
Análisis biomecánico de la voz y percepción de la capacidad vocal como herramientas para la detección de dificultades vocales en el alumnado y profesorado universitario y de interpretación vocal
Authors: García Escudero Fernando , Gutiérrez Fonseca Raimundo , Rodríguez Caravaca Gil , Fernández-Baillo y Rodríguez de Sacristana Roberto , González Díaz Alba , Durán Poveda Manuel
Published: April 2024

La demanda comunicativa oral aumenta diariamente en el ejercicio de funciones laborales en las que la voz es necesaria para el desempeño del trabajo diario. Profesores, cantantes, actores, teleoperadores, comunicadores, taquilleros, sanitarios, entre otras profesiones, se encuentran sometidos a una carga vocal muy elevada ya que utilizan su voz en alta intensidad durante amplios periodos de tiempo, presentando una mayor predisposición e incidencia de desarrollar patología vocal.
El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar las diferencias en cuanto a dificultades vocales entre un grupo de Educación Artística (GE-A) y un grupo de Educación no Artística (GE-NA) mediante un procedimiento de cribado basado del análisis biomecánico de la voz junto con el cuestionario discapacidad vocal del VHI-10.  
La hipótesis sugiere que los integrantes del grupo GE-A presentan mayor grado de alteración funcional que el GE-NA motivado por la sobrecarga diaria que genera la alta demanda vocal propia de la especialidad.
Se recogieron muestras de 182 participantes, 80 hombres y 102 mujeres. Los datos del cribado por análisis biomecánico de las cuerdas vocales revelan un perfil con mayor desequilibrio en la dinámica de los pliegues vocales durante la fonación en el GE-A. Estos resultados podrían estar asociados a una mayor demanda vocal en los GE-A y justificaría implementar medidas periódicas de diagnóstico y prevención, así como tratamientos específicos de rehabilitación logopédica en el presente grupo.
Impact of Synthetic Extracellular Matrices in Combination Therapy with Amniotic Allografting in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Wounds: A Case Series
Authors:   Department of Veteran Affairs, Southern Arizona Veteran Affairs Healthcare System, Tucson, Arizona, Evensen Arthur , Walters Jodi ,   Department of Veteran Affairs, Southern Arizona Veteran Affairs Healthcare System, Tucson, Arizona, Dancho James ,   Department of Veteran Affairs, Southern Arizona Veteran Affairs Healthcare System, Tucson, Arizona, Samoy Valarie ,   Department of Veteran Affairs, Southern Arizona Veteran Affairs Healthcare System, Tucson, Arizona, Jolley David ,   Department of Veteran Affairs, Southern Arizona Veteran Affairs Healthcare System, Tucson, Arizona
Published: April 2024

Synthetic extracellular matrices are artificial polymers that are elongated and deposited as a matrix of nanofibers which mimic the native extracellular matrix. RenovoDerm® Anthem™ Wound Matrix (Columbus, Ohio) is comprised of polyglycolic acid and poly (L-lactide-co-caprolactone) which degrade by hydrolysis into a-hydroxy and fatty acids, lowering the pH and promoting regenerative cellular activity including angiogenesis. Amniotic allografts contain growth factors, cytokines, amino acids, extracellular matrix proteins, and hyaluronic acid which are recognized as intrinsic to the wound healing process. Synthetic extracellular matrices alone or in combination with amnio allografts do not have large bodies of evidence which demonstrate their effectiveness in the treatment of wounds. Presently, no prior studies have been performed to assess what impact these therapies may have on wound healing when used concurrently. The aim of this investigation was to assess whether a synergistic effect is produced with combination therapy using synthetic extracellular matrix and amniotic allografting. In this article, we present four cases of diabetic foot ulcerations treated with combination therapy. An amniotic fluid allograft, and/or membrane amniotic allograft, was implanted with a synthetic extracellular matrix dressing over top of the graft(s) at weekly intervals. All wounds demonstrated a greater than 80% decrease in wound size within four applications and achieved more than 95% wound closure after six applications.
Breaking the Silence: A Quantitative Analysis of Challenges among Orphaned Children in Sargodha District Orphanages
Authors: Asif Rashna , Gilani Tahira , Iqbal Mateen , Imran Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Orphans represent a significant population worldwide, and orphan homes are responsible for providing support for holistic development in the lives of children. The purpose of the study was to investigate the psychological, social, and educational challenges faced by orphan children in orphan homes. The theoretical framework of the current study was based on the Attachment Theory by Bowlby, which states how early caregiver relationships influence the psychological, social, and educational development of orphan children in orphan homes. All of the orphan children in SOS Children Village district Sargodha made up the population of the current study. A sample of 206 orphan children was selected randomly from SOS Children Village district Sargodha. Reliable data were gathered using a quantitative survey study design, and the instrument's reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's Alpha, which was found to be 0.89. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviations, frequency percentages, and inferential statistics, for instance, the t-test. The results showed that gender was found to be significant regarding psychological, social, and educational challenges. In addition, female orphan children have a greater mean score as compared to males concerning psychological and social challenges. While, concerning educational challenges male orphans have a greater mean score as compared to female orphan children.  However, to overcome these challenges it is suggested that it is essential to create efficient programs that can recognize and tackle the emotional, social, and academic difficulties orphaned children confront.
Reemergencia de la encefalitis equina del oeste (WEEV) en la Argentina: una revisión de aspectos epidemiológicos, virológicos y clínicos de relevancia
Authors: González Ayala Silvia Elena , Morales María Alejandra , Enría Delia A.
Published: April 2024

La encefalitis equina del oeste (WEEV, por su sigla en inglés, Western Equine Encephalitis) es una enfermedad reemergente en Argentina a partir del año 2023. La comunicación inicial fue en 1933, las últimas epizootias ocurrieron en 1983 y el último caso humano se registró en 1996. Se revisan las características del agente causal, la ecología con especial referencia a los vectores iden- tificados en el país, su competencia en la transmisión y el ciclo así como los factores de riesgo para adquirir la enfermedad. La situación epidemiológica en equinos y humanos desde noviembre 2023 hasta marzo 2024 es analizada. Se describen las formas clínicas de presen- tación de la enfermedad humana, las posibilidades evo- lutivas, los datos disponibles en los casos confirmados y el tratamiento. La metodología y algoritmo empleados para el diagnóstico etiológico en el Centro Nacional de Referencia son detallados. Las estrategias para la prevención y el control se basan en la vacunación de los equinos, el saneamiento ambiental y el control del foco ante la presentación de la enfermedad animal (vigilancia epidemiológica activa).
Silahlandırılmış Yapay Zekâ Otonom Silah Sistemleri ve Uluslararası Hukuk
Authors: Poyraz Mevlüde
Published: April 2024

Kitabın yazarı Dr. Adem Özer, Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Uluslararası İlişkiler bölümünde öğretim görevlisi olarak görevine devam etmektedir. 2022 yılında Adalet Yayınevi tarafından birinci baskısı gerçekleştirilen, 381 sayfadan oluşan kitabın özü, esasında yazarın, Gazi Üniversitesi Doktora Programı kapsamında, Prof. Dr. Fatma Taşdemir danışmanlığında oluşturulan “Uluslararası İnsancıl Hukuk (jus in bello) Açısından Otonom Silah Sistemleri” adlı doktora tezinden esinlenilerek oluşturulmuştur. Yazarın bu konuda, yazdığı bu kitap dışında, makaleleri ve bildirileri de mevcuttur. Kitabın esin kaynağı olan doktora teziyle Özer, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü, 2023 Yılı En İyi Doktora Tezi Ödülünü almıştır.
Kitabın temel amacı, gelecekte silahlı çatışmalarda kullanılması muhtemel olan otonom silah sistemlerinin, uluslararası hukuk açısından yaratacağı sorunları, uluslararası insancıl hukuk, uluslararası insan hakları hukuku ve hesap verebilirlik temelinde uluslararası ceza hukuku çerçevesinde değerlendirmektir. Literatürdeki farklı çalışmalar, uluslararası anlaşmalar, uluslararası teamül hukuku, uluslararası hukukun genel ilkeleri, mahkeme kararları, sivil toplum kuruluşlarının raporları göz önüne alınarak mukayese yöntemiyle değerlendirilerek oluşturulan çalışmada Özer, kitabını, anlama öğretisi olarak tanımlanabilecek, “yorumsamacı yaklaşım” ile ele aldığını belirtmektedir. Aktardığı bilgileri tablolar ve şekiller ile de desteklemiştir. Çok çeşitli ve sayıca oldukça fazla kaynağa yer veren yazarın kaynakçasını; uluslararası hukuk alanında yazılmış bir kitap olmasından dolayı çoğunlukla yabancı kaynaklar oluşturmuştur. Ele aldığı konuları, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi, İşkenceye Karşı Sözleşme, Belirli Konvansiyonel Silahlar Sözleşmesi, İnsan Hakları Evrensel Beyannamesi, Medeni ve Siyasal Haklar Sözleşmesi, Cenevre Sözleşmesi gibi sözleşmelerin maddeleriyle dayanak oluşturmuş; Uluslararası Adalet Divanı, Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi, Ruanda Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi gibi mahkeme kararlarıyla da desteklemiştir. Kitabın muhataplarının uluslararası hukuk ile etkileşim içerisinde olan kişiler olduğu düşünüldüğünde, dilinin anlaşılır olduğu ve her türlü görüş karşılaştırmasıyla okuyucunun zihninde de bir düşünce oluşturacağı söylenebilir. Kitap konusu itibariyle üstün teknolojiyle oluşturulan muhtemel bir sistemi ele aldığından okuyucunun düşünme yetisini zorlayan, zihinsel etkinliklerle anlamlandırabileceği bir alan oluşturmaktadır. Özer de konunun başlangıçta düşünce dünyasını tarumar ettiğini, anlamlı insan kontrolünün olmadığı böyle bir sistemin var olabileceğinin mümkün gelmediğini ancak teknolojik gelişmeler ışığında geliştirilebileceklerini kabul ettiğini belirtmiştir. Söz konusu eser, alanında yazılmış nadir eserlerden olması ve muhtemel gelecekte yüzleşeceğimiz/yüzleşmek zorunda kalacağımız sorunlara işaret ettiğinden büyük önem atfedilecek bir eserdir.
Changes in theta and gamma oscillations of the medial prefrontal cortex following hippocampal-focused ultrasound stimulation
Authors: Baek Jiwon , Seo Younghee , Kim Bong Soo , Na Young Cheol , Chang Won Seok
Published: April 2024

Objective: Neuromodulation is a rapidly growing field of treatment, encompassing implantable and noninvasive technology-based approaches. Focused ultrasound (FUS), a noninvasive method, has the potential to modulate neural activity in deep brain regions with spatial precision based on the penetrance of sound waves into the bone and soft tissue. However, neuromodulation is limited by the inability to confirm modulation in real-time. Electrophysiological technology is required to overcome this limitation. In this study, we aimed to confirm neural activity using Neuropixel electrodes during FUS sonication.Methods: Six male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to ultrasound sonication in the hippocampus. Simultaneously, local field potential (LFP) measurements were performed using Neuropixel electrodes. The experimental groups were divided into three categories: before, during, and after FUS sonication and the measured LFP data were compared between groups.Results: Theta and gamma waves were extracted from the recorded LFP data and compared between the groups. The theta and gamma oscillations changed after FUS sonication compared to before. The theta graph showed significant changes between the pre- and during-treatment groups and between the during- and post-treatment groups (theta: 4–8 Hz, F=23.91, p<0.0001). However, the gamma graph did not show significant changes in any groups (gamma: 30–50 Hz). Additionally, the expression of c-fos, a marker of neuronal activity, increased after FUS sonication.Conclusion: Although further research is needed—including longer follow-up LFP measurements after FUS sonication and the collection of more LFP data—neuromodulation with FUS can be considered usable in other neurological disease models.
Analysis of the current overview of solid waste management in the municipality of Sousa-PB
Authors: Ruana Lima Mendes Jéssica
Published: April 2024

Objective this article is to analyze the current scenario of solid waste management in the municipality of Sousa-PB. Such an approach proves to be of paramount importance given the need to adapt to environmental standards and deadlines, for the correct disposal of solid waste generated, therefore, a study of this nature is necessary in order to understand the reality of the locality and rethink solutions to that problem. The research will be used as an approach method, the inductive method, starting from particular data, sufficiently verified, a general or universal truth is inferred. Regarding the research technique, bibliographic and documentary research will be used, through the main legislation and documents, as well as bibliographic research on doctrines and scientific articles on the subject, and also, a field study is carried out, in the sanitary landfill. UTR SOUSA/PB. And it starts with the following problem: What is the panorama of solid waste management in the municipality of Sousa-PB? Thus, although the analyzed Municipality directs the generated MSW to the UTR SOUSA sanitary landfill, the operationalization in practice presents latent deficiencies that make it impossible to effectively comply with the PNRS, and the new basic sanitation framework. What can be concluded that the theme cannot be kept in the background, or only when the money is left over by the federated entities, given that the garbage problem is relevant, which above all requires cooperation from all those involved, from the Public Power to the citizen, from the public to the private sector.
Expansion analysis of urban microdrainage in Sergipe cities
Authors: Santos Neris Carolaine , Cristine Gomes de Araujo Laline , Caetano Vieira Zacarias
Published: April 2024

We aim to explore the criteria surrounding urban microdrainage, as well as analyze its expansion in the state of Sergipe. The investigation was carried out based on data made available by the National Sanitation Information System (SINIS), using the years 2017 to 2021 as a reference.  The growth in the number of public roads and data on variations in the number of gutter inlets will be analyzed in each of the 75 municipalities in Sergipe. To survey and analyze the development in each municipality of Sergipe, EXCEL was used to organize the data and create graphs for analysis.
P.E. OSTROVSKIKH'S ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDIES OF THE KHAKASS IN 1894
Authors: Чертыков В.К.
Published: April 2024

Студент Санкт-Петербургского университета П. Е. Островских летом 1894 г. по заданию Академии наук занимался сбором этнографических предметов и древностей у хакасов - коренного населения Минусинского округа Енисейской губернии. Исследования он проводил в основном на территории Абаканской инородной управы, и частично - в Сагайской Степной думе. Результаты его работы нашли отражение в статье «Этнографические заметки о тюрках Минусинского края». В статье дается анализ результатов исследования П. Е. Островских.

In the summer of 1894, a student of Saint Petersburg University,on the assignment of the Academy of Sciences, P. E. Ostrovskikh was engaged in collecting ethnographic objects and antiquities from the Khakass - the indigenous population of the Minusinsk Region of the Yenisei Governorate. He conducted research mainly on the territory of the Abakan Indigenous Council, and partly in the Sagai Steppe Duma. The results of his work are reflected in the article «Ethnographic notes on the Turks of the Minusinsk Region». The article analyzes the results of P.E. Ostrovskikh's research.
COLLECTIVIZATION IN BURYATIA: SEARCH FOR AN EFFECTIVE FORM
Authors: Маншеев Д.М.
Published: April 2024

В статье на основе известных и новых опубликованных архивных источников по истории коллективизации в Бурятии проведена попытка выявления компонентов процесса поиска эффективной модели организации сельского хозяйства в СССР. Исследование показало, что работающая модель коллективного хозяйства в виде сельскохозяйственных артелей была сформирована большевиками за короткий срок на практике путем проб и ошибок.

Based on known and new published archival sources on the history of collectivization in Buryatia, the article made an attempt to identify the components of the process of searching for an effective model of organizing agriculture in the USSR. The study showed that the working model of collective farming in the form of agricultural artels was formed by the Bolsheviks within a short time in practice by trial and error.
Methodology for Fifth Generation District Heating and Cooling Network Simulation
Authors: Prétot Charlie , Lamaison Nicolas
Published: April 2024

5th generation district heating and cooling networks (5GDHC) will play a rolein the reduction of CO2 emissions and the resilience to global warming. Our analysis of the literature points out that no simulation study proposes a comprehensive enough description of such networks. The simulation solution presented in this article considers the intertwined influences between the thermal-hydraulic balance in the network, the behavior of the decentralized heat pumps and chillers at substations, and the thermal coupling with the ground. For a given simulation scenario, the 3 developed models are iteratively solved until convergence is reached. After showing how the latter is handled,we exhibit an original result about the influence of the differential pressure between the hot and cold pipes.