bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hacking gender in computer‐supported collaborative learning: The experience of being in mixed‐gender teams at a computer science hackathon
Authors: Kube Dana , Gombert Sebastian , Suter Brigitte , Weidlich Joshua , Kreijns Karel , Drachsler Hendrik
Published: November 2023

Background

Gender stereotypes about women and men are prevalent in computer science (CS). The study's goal was to investigate the role of gender bias in computer‐supported collaborative learning (CSCL) in a CS context by elaborating on gendered experiences in the perception of individual and team performance in mixed‐gender teams in a hackathon.

Dataset

The dataset of this study was collected at a 3‐day CSCL hackathon aimed at gaining knowledge on designing educational games. We assigned the 28 participants of the hackathon to mixed‐gender groups and asked them to fill out a questionnaire, including collective self‐esteem scales, before the start. During the hackathon, we again asked the participants to complete team progress evaluation surveys individually after each workday. Lastly, we interviewed 11 participants to elaborate on the quantitative findings with qualitative data.

Methodology

We applied an exploratory mixed‐method approach using quantitative survey data at several time points during the hackathon, which was analysed with clustering and descriptive statistics and complemented with qualitative coding of interviews with participants.

Results

The results demonstrate that social and psychological aspects of gender are important for understanding the outcomes and perceptions of gender in a CS hackathon. The analysis further suggests that collective self‐esteem can be used as a key variable to assess gender differences in CSCL studies, providing explanatory benefits. More broadly, results gave reason to believe that CSCL in the CS domain currently severely fails to account for gender representation. Interviewed participants raised substantial concerns about the underlying gender stereotypes prevalent in communication, team roles, and work division. We provide recommendations for practitioners seeking to create gender‐inclusive and counter‐stereotypical CSCL and wider, critical proposals for how we, as researchers, can assess gender with appropriate methodologies and interventions in computer science education.
A theoretical model for host-controlled regulation of symbiont density
Authors: Whittle Mathilda , Bonsall Michael B. , Barreaux Antoine M. G. , Ponton Fleur , English Sinead
Published: November 2023

There is growing empirical evidence that animal hosts actively control the density of their mutualistic symbionts according to their requirements. Such active regulation can be facilitated by compartmentalization of symbionts within host tissues, which confers a high degree of control of the symbiosis to the host. Here, we build a general theoretical framework to predict the underlying ecological drivers and evolutionary consequences of host-controlled endosymbiont density regulation for a mutually obligate association between a host and a compartmentalized, vertically transmitted symbiont. Building on the assumption that the costs and benefits of hosting a symbiont population increase with symbiont density, we use state-dependent dynamic programming to determine an optimal strategy for the host, i.e., that which maximizes host fitness, when regulating the density of symbionts. Simulations of active host-controlled regulation governed by the optimal strategy predict that the density of the symbiont should converge to a constant level during host development, and following perturbation. However, a similar trend also emerges from alternative strategies of symbiont regulation. The strategy which maximizes host fitness also promotes symbiont fitness compared to alternative strategies, suggesting that active host-controlled regulation of symbiont density could be adaptive for the symbiont as well as the host. Adaptation of the framework allowed the dynamics of symbiont density to be predicted for other host-symbiont ecologies, such as for non-essential symbionts, demonstrating the versatility of this modelling approach.

Abstract

Mathematical modelling was used to investigate regulation of symbiont density by hosts.
Disclosing a Random Walk
Authors: KREMER ILAN , SCHREIBER AMNON , SKRZYPACZ ANDRZEJ
Published: November 2023

We examine a dynamic disclosure model in which the value of a firm follows a random walk. Every period, with some probability, the manager learns the firm's value and decides whether to disclose it. The manager maximizes the market perception of the firm's value, which is based on disclosed information. In equilibrium, the manager follows a threshold strategy with thresholds below current prices. He sometimes reveals pessimistic information that reduces the market perception of the firm's value. He does so to reduce future market uncertainty, which is valuable even under risk‐neutrality.
A rare encounter: Comprehensive case review of myxoid meningiomas with a representative case
Authors: Talbot Norris C. , Proctor Carlie , Takei Hidehiro , Toms Jamie B.
Published: November 2023

Meningiomas are the most diagnosed primary central nervous system tumor. Currently, 15 different subtypes of meningioma exist with various characteristics. One extremely rare subtype is myxoid meningioma, which is a World Health Organization grade 1 benign meningioma. These specific meningiomas have only been reported 12 times in the literature. In this representative case, we present a 46‐year‐old female patient with a left frontal myxoid meningioma, describe the findings on imaging, and provide the histopathological features that are needed for diagnosis. Furthermore, this report discusses the other existing myxoid meningioma case reports found throughout the literature.
Comparison of Long‐term Follow‐Up of n‐HA PA66 Cage and PEEK Cage of Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Multi‐level Degenerative Lumbar Diseases: A Stepwise Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Li Qiujiang , Gao Qingyang , Wang Lei , Liu Limin , Yang Huiliang , Song Yueming
Published: November 2023

Objective

Previous studies have confirmed that the nanohydroxyapatite/polyamide‐66 (n‐HA/PA66) cage is an ideal alternative material for degenerative lumbar disease (DLD) comparable to the polyether ether ketone (PEEK) cage due to its similar radiographic fusion, subsidence rate, and clinical results. However, these studies were restricted to one‐level surgery. The aim of this study was to analyze the long‐term clinical and radiologic outcomes between n‐HA PA66 cage and PEEK cage for patients with multi‐level degenerative lumbar diseases (DLDs).

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent multi‐level transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) from June 2010 to December 2016 with a minimum 6‐year follow‐up. Matched‐pair analysis was performed using a 1‐to‐1 closest neighbor approach to match patients who received an n‐HA PA66 cage with those who received a PEEK cage. Clinical outcomes and radiographic evaluations were compared between the two groups. The independent student's t‐test and χ2‐test were applied to compare the differences between groups.

Results

At the end of the propensity score matching (PSM) analysis, 48 patients from n‐HA/PA66 group were matched to 48 patients in the PEEK group. No significant difference was observed in cage subsidence and bony fusion except for adjacent segment degeneration (ASD). The occurrence of ASD was 14.58% (7/48) in the n‐HA/PA 66 group, which was significantly less than that in the PEEK group (33.33% [16/48]) (p = 0.031). Although the intervertebral space height (IH), segmental angle (SA) and lumbar lordosis (LL) significantly increased after surgery in both groups, there was no significant difference at any time point after surgery (p > 0.05). The visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores significantly improved in both groups at 3m postoperative, 1y postoperative and at final follow‐up. However, there were no significant differences in the VAS and ODI score at any time point (p > 0.05). The total complications and re‐admission rate were not different between the two groups.

Conclusion

Overall, our data suggest that the outcomes of n‐HA/PA66 cage group are comparable to those of the PEEK cage group, with a similar high fusion rate and low cage subsidence rate as PEEK cages, except its lower rate of ASD occurrence.
LAMP‐based detection of Monilinia fructigena, Monilinia polystroma and Monilinia fructicola in latently infected apple fruit
Authors: Poniatowska Anna , Michalecka Monika , Puławska Joanna
Published: November 2023

Brown rot in apples is caused by fungi belonging to the genus Monilinia and occurs annually in orchards with varying severity. The symptoms of the disease on apple fruits may occur during harvest and can also develop much later in storage. Therefore, from a practical point of view, it is very important to be able to test a sample of asymptomatic apples before putting them in storage or sending them to distant markets. Thus, there is a need to develop a quick and sensitive method of detecting disease causal agents in asymptomatically infected fruit. For this purpose, a procedure for DNA isolation from the skin of apples was developed, and a set of primers for the loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction was designed based on a fragment of the hsp60 gene encoding heat shock protein 60 of Monilinia fungi that are pathogenic to apple: M. fructigena, M. fructicola and M. polystroma. The method was validated by reactions with DNA from infected apple fruit exhibiting brown rot symptoms and DNA from infected apple fruit without visible brown rot symptoms (latent infection). To increase the sensitivity of detection before the LAMP reaction, preamplification of the target DNA was carried out. The sensitivity of detection in the LAMP assay for the DNA of all three tested species of fungi was 2 pg. The DNA preamplification significantly increased the sensitivity of Monilinia DNA detection to 0.1 pg. This study shows that the developed LAMP method can be used to detect Monilinia fungi in asymptomatically infected apples.
Grapevine Pinot gris virus in Germany: From where did the virus come, and when?
Authors: Ben Mansour Karima , Gibbs Adrian J. , Meßmer Noemi , Fuchs René , Wetzel Thierry , Winterhagen Patrick
Published: November 2023

Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) isolates were obtained from German vineyards to investigate their diversity. Phylogenetic and dating analyses of these and GPGV genes and genomes available in GenBank showed that the virus probably diverged from grapevine berry inner necrosis virus (GINV) in wild and cultivated Vitis species, notably Vitis coignetiae, growing in North‐east Asia around 3500 years ago. GPGV probably infected the Eurasian grape (Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera) when those cultivars were first taken to China during the Han Dynasty (226 BCE–220 CE). GPGV then spread to Europe around 1800 CE, probably via the dissemination of infected plants, and from there, eventually spread worldwide. German isolates were only found in all parts of the post‐1800 CE phylogeny. The German isolates were genetically more diverse, for both MP and CP genes, than those of other European populations, suggesting that the initial stages of the GPGV invasion of Europe were in Germany, not Italy. We discuss the likely North‐east Asian origin of both GPGV and GINV, and the possible coincidences of phylogenetic date estimates with changes to European and world viticulture practices.
Plant growth promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus sp. BSE01 alleviates salt toxicity in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) by conserving ionic, osmotic, redox and hormonal homeostasis
Authors: Basu Sahana , Kumari Surbhi , Subhadarshini Pritee , Rishu Aniket Kumar , Shekhar Shashi , Kumar Gautam
Published: November 2023

Soil salinity leading to sodium toxicity is developing into a massive challenge for agricultural productivity globally, inducing osmotic, ionic, and redox imbalances in plants. Considering the predicted increase in salinization risk with the ongoing climate change, applying plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is an environmentally safe method for augmenting plant salinity tolerance. The present study examined the role of halotolerant Bacillus sp. BSE01 as a promising biostimulant for improving salt stress endurance in chickpea. Application of PGPR significantly increased the plant height, relative water content, and chlorophyll content of chickpea under both non‐stressed and salt stress conditions. The PGPR‐mediated tolerance towards salt stress was accomplished by the modulation of hormonal signaling and conservation of cellular ionic, osmotic, redox homeostasis. With salinity stress, the PGPR‐treated plants significantly increased the indole‐3‐acetic acid and gibberellic acid contents more than the non‐treated plants. Furthermore, the PGPR‐inoculated plants maintained lower 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid and abscisic acid contents under salt treatment. The PGPR‐inoculated chickpea plants also exhibited a decreased NADPH oxidase activity with reduced production of reactive oxygen species compared to the non‐inoculated plants. Additionally, PGPR treatment led to increased antioxidant enzyme activities in chickpea under saline conditions, facilitating the reactive nitrogen and oxygen species detoxification, thereby limiting the nitro‐oxidative damage. Following salinity stress, enhanced K+/Na+ ratio and proline content were noted in the PGPR‐inoculated chickpea plants. Therefore, Bacillus sp. BSE01, being an effective PGPR and salinity stress reducer, can further be considered to develop a bioinoculant for sustainable chickpea production under saline environments.
Nucleic acid amplification‐based methods for diagnosis of shrimp viral diseases
Authors: Lee Yoonhang , Vijayan Jasna , Roh HyeongJin , Park Jiyeon , Lee Ju‐Yeop , Nguyen Thanh Luan , Kim Hyoung Jun , Kim Wi‐Sik , Dhar Arun K. , Park Chan‐Il , Kim Do‐Hyung
Published: November 2023

Viral diseases are one of the constraints affecting the sustainability of the shrimp farming industry worldwide. The common causes of viral infections include white spot syndrome virus, infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus, hepatopancreatic parvovirus, Penaeus monodon nudivirus, decapod iridescent virus 1, Taura syndrome virus, yellow head virus, infectious myonecrosis virus and Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus. Accurate diagnostic methods are necessary for preventing the spread of these transboundary diseases. Many molecular diagnostic methods for shrimp viral diseases have been developed and are currently in use, including conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), nested PCR, loop‐mediated isothermal amplification PCR, recombinase polymerase assay and real‐time PCR. Although the World Organization for Animal Health (founded as OIE) recommends several PCR methods for shrimp disease diagnosis, there has been a lack of efforts to comparatively evaluate the performance of the available methods, resulting in a significant knowledge gap. Therefore, in this review, we compare various PCR assays and commercial PCR‐based diagnostic kits that have been developed and/or published previously, and discuss pros and cons of each of these methods. Our objective of this review is to offer enhanced clarity and a comprehensive overview of molecular diagnostic methods for shrimp viral diseases. This endeavour would serve as an important resource for researchers engaged in relevant studies and professionals within the shrimp‐farming industry, providing valuable guidance and insights.
Special ones? The effect of head coaches on football team performance
Authors: Bryson Alex , Buraimo Babatunde , Farnell Alex , Simmons Rob
Published: November 2023

Using data from professional football leagues in four countries, we assess the effects on team performances following head coach turnover, distinguishing between voluntary and involuntary exits. We use entropy balancing to deal with the endogeneity of coach departures, by reweighting pre‐departure covariates to obtain a comparable control group. Results reveal little, if any, positive effect from either type of turnover, though some longer‐term benefits are possible if teams experience no subsequent turnover. We discuss how these findings fit with previous literature and theory, and discuss the wider practical implications.
We know a lot about little and little about a lot: A contextualized scoping review on injury prevention in alpine ski racing
Authors: Bonell Monsonís Oriol , Spörri Jörg , Warsen Marit , Bolling Caroline , Gouttebarge Vincent , Verhagen Evert
Published: November 2023

Background

Our goal was to summarize and contextualize the available literature on alpine ski racing injury epidemiology, injury etiology, injury prevention measures, injury prevention context, and implementation issues.

Materials and Methods

We searched four electronic databases using predetermined search terms. We included original studies that assessed injury, injury risk factors, and injury mechanisms, and assessed and reported the effect of an injury prevention measure in alpine ski racing. Two authors independently conducted title–abstract screening, and one performed the full‐text review. For data synthesis and categorization, we used the Translating Research into the Injury Prevention Practice framework and a modified and adapted version of the Haddon matrix.

Results

Of the 157 included studies, most corresponded to injury epidemiology and etiology, whereas few studies encompassed injury prevention measure development, implementation and evaluation. Preventive interventions targeting equipment, rules and regulations, course design and snow preparation were the most prevalent in the literature. Furthermore, various contextual factors in the current literature have been found, including gender, competition level, countries and federations, and time periods within a season.

Conclusions

We provided an in‐depth and comprehensive overview of the current state‐of‐the‐art in the alpine ski racing context. We know a lot about little and little about a lot across all the areas associated with injury prevention in such context. The limitations in the literature yield a road map for designing future injury prevention studies to address the key gaps identified. A more comprehensive context‐driven approach throughout all stages of injury prevention would benefit the ultimate implementation of effective preventive strategies.
Gender and institutions moderate the relationship between conditional cash transfers and political participation
Authors: Williams Neil S.
Published: November 2023

Background

In the last 25 years, conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs have become popular assistance policies across Latin America, Africa, and Asia for combating poverty and building human capital. Despite some success in reaching these goals, questions remain about the wider political effects of CCTs on individuals and communities, especially when considering gendered relationships and the institutions in the countries where CCTs are in place.

Objective

I investigate the relationship between cash transfers and political participation, while also considering the importance of moderating forces such as gender, program enforcement, and compulsory voting.

Methods

I use data from AmericasBarometer sourced from the Latin American Public Opinion Project (LAPOP) and a series of multilevel models to examine the association between CCTs and a wide set of participatory indicators.

Results

I show CCTs to be robustly associated with higher levels of participation broadly conceived. Results also demonstrate gender and institutional features such as enforced conditions and compulsory voting can attenuate the positive effects of transfers, depending on the form of participation considered.

Conclusion

Overall, CCTs tend to be strongly associated with political participation. However, CCTs may also reinforce gendered norms of political participation and engagement. Furthermore, the potentially negative associations regarding the enforcement of program conditions are valuable to consider when evaluating the downstream, democratic potential of cash transfer programs.
Marginal log‐linear parameters and their collapsibility for categorical data
Authors: Ghosh Sayan , Vellaisamy P.
Published: November 2023

Collapsibility is a practical and useful technique for dimension reduction in multidimensional contingency tables. In this paper, we consider marginal log‐linear models for studying collapsibility and related aspects in such tables. These models generalize ordinary log‐linear and multivariate logistic models, besides several others. First, we obtain some characteristic properties of marginal log‐linear parameters. Then we define collapsibility and strict collapsibility of these parameters in a general sense. Several necessary and sufficient conditions for collapsibility and strict collapsibility are derived based on simple functions of only the cell probabilities, which are easily verifiable. These include results for an arbitrary set of marginal log‐linear parameters having some common effects. The connections of strict collapsibility to various forms of independence of the variables are explored. We analyze some real‐life datasets to illustrate the above results on collapsibility and strict collapsibility. Finally, we obtain a result relating parameters with the same effect, but different margins for an arbitrary table, and demonstrate smoothness of marginal log‐linear models under collapsibility conditions.
Effect of soil management practice on soil phosphorus dynamics: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhao Ying , Hao Yun , Liu Zhuqing , Yang Fan
Published: November 2023

Soil phosphorus (P) is pivotal for crop health and growth. We collated a dataset spanning 65 studies from 19 countries to quantify the effects of both natural and anthropogenic factors on P dynamics (dataset provided). Our meta‐analysis encompassed five variables: the type of fertilizer (chemical or organic fertilizer), tillage practices (tillage or no‐till), land use (cultivated or forest), soil texture (either loam soil or sandy loam soil) and soil depth (surface or subsurface). The interplay between soil management strategies, especially those encompassing fertilizer application and tillage, and soil phosphorus dynamics is well established. Our quantitative data suggests the use of organic fertilizers relates to a significant 82% increase in soil Olsen‐P content. Additionally, while the no‐till method has resulted in only a slight 1.6% increase in Total‐P, it has brought about a remarkable 60% increase in organic phosphorus, especially NaHCO3‐Po, in contrast to conventionally tilled soils. Further, we found that the concentrations of Total‐P and Olsen‐P in surface loam soils is elevated, being 24.8% and 1023.6% higher, respectively, compared with subsurface loam soils. In sandy loam soils, these values are 35.3% and 872.2% higher, respectively. These meta‐analysis data highlight how soil management practices can cause variation in P species in soil. They not only underscore potential strategies for refined phosphorus use in diverse farming contexts but also pave the way for further research focusing on agricultural P management.
Nitrate alleviates ammonium toxicity in Brassica napus by coordinating rhizosphere and cell pH and ammonium assimilation
Authors: Li Shuang , Yan Lei , Zhang Wen , Yi Ceng , Haider Sharjeel , Wang Chuang , Liu Yu , Shi Lei , Xu Fangsen , Ding Guangda
Published: November 2023

In natural and agricultural situations, ammonium () is a preferred nitrogen (N) source for plants, but excessive amounts can be hazardous to them, known as toxicity. Nitrate () has long been recognized to reduce toxicity. However, little is known about Brassica napus, a major oil crop that is sensitive to high . Here, we found that can mitigate toxicity by balancing rhizosphere and intracellular pH and accelerating ammonium assimilation in B. napus. increased the uptake of and under high circumstances by triggering the expression of and transporters, while and H+ efflux from the cytoplasm to the apoplast was enhanced by promoting the expression of efflux transporters and genes encoding plasma membrane H+‐ATPase. In addition, increased pH in the cytosol, vacuole, and rhizosphere, and down‐regulated genes induced by acid stress. Root glutamine synthetase (GS) activity was elevated by under high conditions to enhance the assimilation of into amino acids, thereby reducing accumulation and translocation to shoot in rapeseed. In addition, root GS activity was highly dependent on the environmental pH. might induce metabolites involved in amino acid biosynthesis and malate metabolism in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and inhibit phenylpropanoid metabolism to mitigate toxicity. Collectively, our results indicate that balances both rhizosphere and intracellular pH via effective transmembrane cycling, accelerates assimilation, and up‐regulates malate metabolism to mitigate toxicity in oilseed rape.
Feline straelensiosis: Clinical and histopathological description of a case and first genetic characterisation of Straelensia cynotis
Authors: Dumitrache M. O. , Kalmár Z. , Roumegous S. , Charmes K. , Delverdier M. , Le Net J. L. , Cadiergues M. C.
Published: November 2023

Straelensia cynotis is a trombidioid mite that causes painful, usually nonpruritic nodular dermatitis mainly in the dorsal region of dogs. This case report describes the first observation of feline straelensiosis in Europe with clinicopathological findings. Molecular characterisation of the parasite was performed and compared with mites collected from dogs.
Series and parallel coupling of 3D printed micro-perforated panels and coiled quarter wavelength tubes
Authors: Catapane Giuseppe , Petrone Giuseppe , Robin Olivier
Published: November 2023

Micro-perforated panel sound absorbers are widely used in noise control applications in the fields of architectural acoustics and transport acoustics. Combining micro-perforated panels with other resonant or sound absorbing systems may broaden the frequency range in which they absorb sound while ensuring that large sound absorption values are reached. In this work, a hybrid sound absorber that combines a micro-perforated panel and a coiled quarter wavelength tube is proposed. Series and parallel configurations of these two systems are studied from analytical, numerical, and experimental point of views. A comparison of two three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques for the production of samples highlights the main challenges for the practical implementation of the proposed design. The advantages and limitations of series and parallel arrangements are discussed and while the parallel configuration is more complex to setup in practice, it provides an improved sound-absorbing performance compared with the series configuration. Finally, the reproducibility of the hybrid absorber in parallel configuration is confirmed by testing samples that were produced with two different 3D printers and in two different laboratories.
Global torus blocks in the necklace channel
Authors: Pavlov Mikhail
Published: November 2023

We continue studying of global conformal blocks on the torus in a special (necklace) channel. Functions of such multi-point blocks are explicitly found under special conditions on the blocks’ conformal dimensions. We have verified that these blocks satisfy the Casimir equations, which were derived in previous studies.
Fast estimation of the look-elsewhere effect using Gaussian random fields
Authors: Qin Juehang , Lang Rafael F.
Published: November 2023

We discuss the use of Gaussian random fields to estimate the look-elsewhere effect correction. We show that Gaussian random fields can be used to model the null-hypothesis significance maps from a large set of statistical problems commonly encountered in physics, such as template matching and likelihood ratio tests. Some specific examples are searches for dark matter using pixel arrays, searches for astronomical transients, and searches for fast-radio bursts. Gaussian random fields can be sampled efficiently in the frequency domain, and the excursion probability can be fitted with these samples to extend any estimation of the look-elsewhere effect to lower p values. In addition, in cases where the Gaussian random field is stationary and the parameter space is Euclidean, the look-elsewhere effect correction can be computed analytically. We demonstrate these methods using two example template matching problems. Finally, we apply these methods to estimate the trial factor of a $$4^3$$

4
3

accelerometer array for the detection of dark matter tracks in the Windchime project. When a global significance of $$3\sigma $$

3
σ

is required, the estimated trial factor for such an accelerometer array is $$10^{14}$$

10
14

for a one-second search, and $$10^{22}$$

10
22

for a 1-year search.
Test of Barrow entropy using a model independent approach
Authors: Salehi A.
Published: November 2023

Taking into consideration of a fractal structure for the black hole horizon, Barrow argued that the area law of entropy get modified due to quantum-gravitational effects. Accordingly, the corrected entropy takes the form $$S\sim A^{1+\frac{\Delta }{2}}$$

S
∼

A

1
+

Δ
2

, where $$0\le \Delta \le 1,$$

0
≤
Δ
≤
1
,

indicates the amount of the quantum-gravitational deformation effects. By considering the modified Barrow entropy associated with the apparent horizon, the Friedmann equations get modified as well. We show that considering a universe filled with the matter and cosmological constant $$\Lambda $$
Λ
, it is possible to determine the amount of deviation from standard cosmology by reconstructing the parameter $$\delta $$
δ
in terms of curvature parameters $$\{q,Q,\Omega _{k}\}$$

{
q
,
Q
,

Ω
k

}

as $$\Delta =\frac{(Q-1-\Omega _k)(1+\Omega _k)}{(1+\Omega _k+q)^{2}}$$

Δ
=

(
Q
-
1
-

Ω
k

)

(
1
+

Ω
k

)

(
1
+

Ω
k

+
q
)

2

. Here, q is the deceleration parameter and Q is the third derivative of scale factor. This relation provides some advantages. The first is that it indicates that there is profound connection between quantum-gravitational deformation effects and curvature effects, for $$\Omega _k\simeq 0$$

Ω
k

≃
0

the pair $$\{q,Q\}$$

{
q
,
Q
}

can be regarded as deviation curvature factors which reflect the amount of deviation of the model from the standard model. The second interesting feature is that, since this pair are observational parameters which can be directly measured in a model independent approach, they can be regarded as powerful tools to enable us to put constraint on parameter $$\Delta $$
Δ
and test the Barrow entropy model. Our analysis predicts the value for $$Q_{0}$$

Q
0

which is slightly deviates from 1 as $$(Q_{0}-1)<0.001$$

(

Q
0

-
1
)
<
0.001

. This can be a relativity well target and criterion for theoretical and observational measurements of parameter $$Q_{0}$$

Q
0

. Hence we can hope and wait the improvement of the high redshift data in the future to support it.
Motion of spinning particles around dynamic phantom AdS black holes
Authors: Shahzad M. Umair , Khalid Sana , Övgün Ali
Published: November 2023

This work is devoted to discussing spinning particles’ motion in the surrounding dynamic phantom AdS Black hole (BH) with phantom scalar field k. The primary goal of this research is to differentiate between the effects of electric and magnetic charges on dynamic phantom AdS BH. The study analyzes the dependence of the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO), responsible for interactions between charged particles and the external magnetic field, and observes the circular orbits of particles revolving around the compact object. It is also observed that as electric and magnetic charges increase, the ISCO radius decreases. Additionally, stability of orbit, Keplerian frequency, and harmonic oscillations of charged particles are also discussed. We also find the condition, electric and magnetic charges of the dynamic phantom AdS BH effect the energy of the center of mass with magnetized, electrically charged, and neutral particles due to the collision. Lastly, we discuss the accretion process and obtain generalized equations for the speed of sound $$c^2_{s}$$

c
s
2

sec, 4-velocity u(r), energy density $$\rho (r)$$

ρ
(
r
)

and mass ($${\dot{M}}$$

M
˙

). We also plot these physical parameters against constant values of mass, electric and magnetic charges, and distinct values of state parameter $$\omega $$
ω
to study the accretion process. We observe that radial velocity and energy density of the fluid remain positive and negative, and the rate of change of mass is increased and decreased for stiff, dust, quintessence, and phantom-like fluid, respectively.
A new third-order EXP-WENO scheme for Hamilton–Jacobi equations
Authors: Abedian Rooholah
Published: November 2023

The authors of this research paper have introduced a new method for solving Hamilton–Jacobi (HJ) equations called third-order weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) method. This method uses exponential polynomials to construct numerical fluxes and smoothness indicators, which helps distinguish between singular and smooth regions more efficiently. The smoothness indicators are created using a finite difference operator that eliminates exponential polynomials. The numerical flux is constructed using an interpolation method based on exponential polynomials, which results in better outcomes around steep gradients. The new method maintains a high level of accuracy (i.e. three) in smooth regions, even near critical points. The authors have presented some numerical results to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new method and compared it with other WENO methods.
A census of small Schurian association schemes
Authors: Lansdown Jesse
Published: November 2023

Using the classification of transitive groups of degree n, for [Formula: see text], we classify the Schurian association schemes of order n, and as a consequence, the transitive groups of degree n that are 2-closed. In addition, we compute the character table of each association scheme and provide a census of important properties. Finally, we compute the 2-closure of each transitive group of degree n, for [Formula: see text]. The results of this classification are made available as a supplementary database.
Linear and nonlinear electric and magneto-optical absorption coefficients and relative refractive index changes in WxMo1−xS2 monolayer: Role of tungsten contents
Authors: Jemaï Mohsen , Mastour Nouha , Ridene Said
Published: November 2023

In this work, we study the electric and magneto-optical absorption coefficients (ACs) and relative refractive index changes (RRICs) in W[Formula: see text]Mo[Formula: see text]S2 ternary alloys under the control of tungsten contents using the compact density matrix approach. With the influence of external electric and magnetic fields, the results show that there are a series of resonant peaks for both intra-band and inter-band transitions. With an increase in W-concentration and electric and magnetic fields, the resonant peaks give a blue (red) shift and reduce (increase) their amplitudes. These results suggest a potential application of monolayer W[Formula: see text]Mo[Formula: see text]S2 in future nanoscale electronic and magneto-optical devices.
Nonlinear Vibrations and Stability Analysis of GPL Reinforced Pipes Conveying Fluid Excited by Arbitrary Initial Conditions: An Optimized Analytical Solution
Authors: Sabahi Mohammad Ali , Saidi Ali Reza , Bahaadini Reza
Published: November 2023

In this study, nonlinear vibrations and stability of multilayer functionally graded (FG) pipes conveying fluid laying on nonlinear elastic foundation and reinforced by graphene nanoplatelets (GPLs) are investigated with an emphasis on optimized analytical method. Various types of GPL distribution patterns are considered and to estimate the mechanical characteristics of the reinforced pipe the Halpin–Tsai micromechanics theory is applied. The nonlinear differential equation of motion is obtained by using Von–Kármán strain relations in conjunction with the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and applying Hamilton’s principle. The Galerkin technique has been used for discretizing the partial differential equation. The optimized homotopy analysis method (HAM), as a strong analytical method, is utilized to solve the nonlinear differential equation by considering different initial excitations. The convergence-control parameter is taken into account to guarantee the convergence of the analytical solution. In this study, an exact solution based on HAM for the critical flow velocity and [Formula: see text]th nonlinear frequency is presented. Additionally, series solutions for the nonlinear time responses of the transverse and longitudinal vibrations of fluid-conveying pipe based on optimized HAM are obtained for the first time. In the numerical results, the effects of arbitrary initial conditions and different physical characteristics on the nonlinear frequencies and time responses are extensively examined. It is shown that the nonlinear frequencies and critical flow velocity of the pipe depend not only on the initial excitation amplitude, but also on the entire initial excitation function applied on the pipe.
Scale-Dependent MSG Formulations for Vibrational Study of Honeycomb Microplates Covered by Piezoelectric Nanocomposite Patches
Authors: Li WanMin , Huang GuoFeng
Published: November 2023

This study investigates free vibration analysis of a microplate featuring a honeycomb (HC) core and incorporates two nanocomposite piezoelectric (NP) layers. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are hired to enhance the electro-mechanical performance of the piezoelectric patches, which are subjected to an externally applied electric voltage. All layers are tightly bonded together and are supported by an elastic substrate according to the Pasternak model, capable of withstanding both normal and shear loads. To establish the kinematic relations, a trigonometric plate theory is employed. The governing equations of motion are deduced through the application of Hamilton’s principle and variational technique. The modified strain gradient theory, which includes three material length-scale parameters (MLSPs), is used to account for the scale effect. An analytical approach based on Fourier series functions is employed to solve the differential equations of motion. Subsequently, the impact of various factors, such as the geometrical characteristics of the HC core, distribution patterns of CNTs, and other significant parameters, on the normalized frequencies of the model is assessed after validating the accuracy of the results. The outcomes of this research have the potential to facilitate the advancement and production of lightweight and intelligent structures and devices, ultimately enhancing their efficiency.
Testing, Modelling, and Performance Evaluation of a Rotary Eddy-Current Damper with Inherent Nonlinear Damping Characteristics for Structural Vibration Control
Authors: Cheng Zhipeng , Wang Zhihao , Bi Kaiming , Cui Kaiqiang , Gao Hui
Published: November 2023

This paper investigates the inherent nonlinear damping characteristics of a rotary eddy-current damper (RECD) and evaluates its vibration control performance on a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system subjected to harmonic and seismic excitations. First, a RECD prototype was manufactured to experimentally identify its intrinsic nonlinear eddy-current damping characteristics. A magic formula model is then proposed to characterize the relationship between the eddy-current damping force and the velocity of the RECD, and its applicability in depicting the nonlinear damping characteristics of the RECD is evaluated by comparing with the electromagnetic finite-element (FE) model and the commonly used Wouterse’s model. Moreover, by comparing the experimental and analytical frequency–domain responses of an SDOF structure equipped with a RECD, the applicability of the magic formula model in evaluating the structural vibration control performance of the RECD is further verified. Finally, the control performance of the RECD for an SDOF structure subjected to earthquake ground motions is numerically evaluated and compared. Results show that the eddy-current damping force of the RECD presents obvious nonlinear characteristics with increasing velocity, and the proposed magic formula model can adequately depict the nonlinear eddy-current damping characteristics of the RECD. Moreover, the RECD exhibits superior structural control performance under harmonic and seismic excitations.
Generalized cutoff for late time acceleration and inflation: The cosmology of holographic fluid
Authors: Aziza Altaibayeva , Chattopadhyay Surajit
Published: November 2023

Motivated by the work of Nojiri et al. [Phys. Lett. B 797 (2019) 134829], we utilize the holographic principle in the early universe to realize the holographic origin through inflation. A similar argument can be made for its well-researched late-time application, and the early-time horizon contraction naturally boosts holographic energy density at inflationary scales. After accounting for the IR cutoff adjustment and using holographic Ricci dark energy as the inflationary fluid, we have shown the significance of [Formula: see text] in the inflation realization. For holographic Ricci dark fluid’s potential to realize inflation, several restrictions were derived. The e-folding number was used to discuss inflationary observables and determine the slow-roll parameters. The study covered the effects of reconstructing the IR cutoff and the potential for inflation to be realized after taking into account holographic Ricci dark energy as a special instance of the most generalized Nojiri–Odintsov holographic dark energy [S. Nojiri and S. D. Odintsov, Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 38 (2006) 1285–1304]. Additionally, some time intervals for the potential of inflation have been calculated, and the behavior of the equation of state parameter has also been discussed.
Non-Hermitian two-dimensional harmonic oscillator in noncommutative phase-space
Authors: N’Dolo Emanonfi Elias
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we extend the result of [A. Fring et al. J. Phys. A 43 (2010) 345–401] in Noncommutative phase-space (NCPS). We compute the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian of a harmonic oscillator in NCPS. We construct a new [Formula: see text]-symmetry in NCPS and prove that the system does not possess a broken [Formula: see text]-regime. We then compute the eigenvalue spectrum of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian of the system.
Seismic Performance and Damage Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures Based on Field Investigation Made After February 6, 2023, Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes
Authors: Sevim B. , Ayvaz Y. , Akbulut S. , Aydıner M. F. , Uzun S. , Ari A.
Published: November 2023

On 6 February 2023, an earthquake doublet occurred, the first at Kahramanmaraş Pazarcık district ([Formula: see text]) at local time 04:17 and the second, which approximately 9 hours after the first earthquake, occurred at Kahramanmaraş Elbistan district ([Formula: see text]) at local time 13:24 in Türkiye. It is a disaster affected 11 cities in the eastern region in Türkiye and is referred as “Disaster of the Century”. Earthquake disasters allow humanity to investigate seismic behavior under related construction details and revising the seismic codes.

The authors conducted observational research to obtain interpretive information and digital data by investigating structural damages of moderately and heavily damaged buildings from earthquake sites. In this paper, performance evaluation is done based on existence of soft storey, weak column-strong beam, deficiencies and pounding effect. Damages are classified as beam, column, beam-column joint and shear wall, infill wall, roof and scaffolding damages. Ampleness of soft storey, column damages, inadequate joint reinforcement, inadequate structural ductility and low capacity, strong beam-weak column effect, and infill wall damages have been observed from the field. As a result of field observation, structural deficiencies, irregularities and mismatching capacity design principles have been concluded as common problems of reinforced concrete buildings in the Kahramanmaraş earthquake site.
Asymptotically flat Fredholm bundles and assembly
Authors: Hunger Benedikt
Published: November 2023

Almost flat finitely generated projective Hilbert [Formula: see text]-module bundles were successfully used by Hanke and Schick to prove special cases of the Strong Novikov Conjecture. Dadarlat later showed that it is possible to calculate the index of a [Formula: see text]-homology class [Formula: see text] twisted with an almost flat bundle in terms of the image of [Formula: see text] under Lafforgue’s assembly map and the almost representation associated with the bundle. Mishchenko used flat infinite-dimensional bundles equipped with a Fredholm operator in order to prove special cases of the Novikov higher signature conjecture. We show how to generalize Dadarlat’s theorem to the case of an infinite-dimensional bundle equipped with a continuous family of Fredholm operators on the fibers. Along the way, we show that special cases of the Strong Novikov Conjecture can be proven if there exist sufficiently many almost flat bundles with Fredholm operator. To this end, we introduce the concept of an asymptotically flat Fredholm bundle and its associated asymptotic Fredholm representation, and prove an index theorem which relates the index of the asymptotic Fredholm bundle with the so-called asymptotic index of the associated asymptotic Fredholm representation.
Are two H-spaces homotopy equivalent? An algorithmic view point
Authors: Šimková Mária
Published: November 2023

This paper proposes an algorithm that decides if two simply connected spaces represented by finite simplicial sets of finite [Formula: see text]-type and finite dimension [Formula: see text] are homotopy equivalent. If the spaces are homotopy equivalent, the algorithm finds a homotopy equivalence between their Postnikov stages in dimension [Formula: see text]. As a consequence, we get an algorithm deciding if two spaces represented by finite simplicial sets are stably homotopy equivalent.
Facile morphological construction of VO2 and its application in aqueous Zn-ion batteries
Authors: Liu Xin , Jiang Jianhua , Wu Yi , Zhu Huilin , Wu Jinggao , Shi Wei , Huang Jing
Published: November 2023

Three distinct morphologies of VO2, namely flake-shaped VO2 (VO2(PIAN)), disc-shaped VO2 (VO2(BING)) and rod-shaped VO2 (VO2(BANG)) were synthesized using a facile one-pot hydrothermal method. As a cathode for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), the VO2(PIAN) demonstrates relatively superior electrochemical performance for aqueous zinc storage, including the high discharge specific capacity and long cycle life. After 500 cycles at a current density of 1000 mA/g, it retains a discharge capacity of 208.83 mA h/g, with a Coulombic efficiency nearing 100%, which can be attributed to the larger specific surface area and shortened Zn[Formula: see text]diffusion distance, promoting faster electric transfer and Zn[Formula: see text]diffusion kinetics. This work broadens the understanding of the electrochemical behavior of VO2-based AZIBs.