bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bacterial CRISPR/Cas9 system as discovery of promising solutions for all health problems and advancement in bioengineering
Authors: Hussein Adem , Abraha Bruk
Published: April 2024

Bacterial Clustered Regularly Inter Spaced Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) Associated proteins in association with a short guide RNA discovered as a bacterial adaptive immunity in the 20th century nowadays became a breakthrough gene editing tool in the arena of biomedical science and bioengineering. Historically, it was first identified as how bacteria maintain its genome integrity through a targeted endonuclease of any exogenous invading genetic elements either from plasmid or viruses by storing a memory of the first infection, expression of spacers and interference. Recognizing how it works, humans nowadays, are able to reprogram it using computer databases and genetic engineering knowledge and tools to cut and edit the genome at a targeted site for cancer therapy, viral therapy, and gene disruption for bioengineering purposes. They were also able to deactivate its endonuclease properties and making it only bind to the target site and act as a reporting signal in cooperation with other chemicals to indicate the presence of the genome so that it is being used as a diagnostic procedure for several diseases. However, the role of the system in repairing the broken DNA is unexplained or null. So in this detailed review, the historical discoveries, the mechanisms, processes, challenges and future research focus of the CRISPR/CaS9 how the system will be harnessed and un erroneously repairs the introduced break are discussed.
PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF FOOD PRODUCTS: CONTEMPORARY DINENSIONS AND ISSUE
Authors: Ruscheva D.
Published: April 2024

One of the sources for the formation of Bulgaria's food resources is the production of food products from agriculture and the food industry. It provides raw materials for the processing industry, for export and for meeting the food needs of society. The extent to which national production can meet these needs in terms of quantity, quality and range largely determines national food security. The level and structure of food consumption is in turn important for the health status of both the individual and the nation as a whole. In recent years, the production and consumption of food products in the country have been evolving in a complex and dynamically changing environment, linked to challenges posed by overlapping crises (pandemic, economic). The aim of this paper is to examine the production and consumption of staple food products in the context of national food security and in the context of crises. For its realization, changes in the parameters of their production and consumption are consistently assessed, problems are highlighted on this basis and recommendations for their future development are substantiated. Special attention is paid to the competitiveness and sustainable development of Bulgarian agriculture as an important prerequisite for the country's food security.
BULGARIA'S FOREIGN TRADE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH
Authors: Genchev E.
Published: April 2024

There is also a growing body of literature on the relationship between foreign trade and economic growth, but many of these studies need to include the import variable. This study examines the state of trade in goods between Bulgaria and the world for 2018-2022 and investigates the cointegration between both export/import and economic growth of Bulgaria through employing yearly data for 1990 -2022. The Engle-Granger's cointegrating test was used to study the long-term relationship between variables.
The results show a positive and significant long-term relationship between Bulgarian exports and imports and gross domestic product at a 99% confidence level.
This leads us to two conclusions: first, Bulgarian exports are more variable over time than Bulgarian imports, and second, the development of Bulgarian foreign trade will positively affect its economic growth.
IDENTIFYING THE POTENTIAL OF THE NORTH-WEST PLANNING REGION IN BULGARIA TO CREATE INNOVATION- BASED INCUBATORS
Authors: Blagoev D.
Published: April 2024

Traditionally, innovations have been in the focus of researchers since their introduction, as a concept by Schumpeter, to the present days. In the last decade, these trends have intensified, and more and more researchers are directing their research into the innovation field. The connections of innovations with the results of companies, the success of innovations, the environment for innovations, etc. are investigated. The main goal of the present study is to reveal the potential of the North-West Planning Region in Bulgaria to create an innovation-based incubator/s, that will be part of the innovation environment, support companies in their innovation activity and thus contribute for economic growth in the region. The main methods used are the office survey, statistical methods /collection of statistical information/, trend method, factor analysis and scenario method. Based on the collected statistical information and its secondary processing, certain regularities and trends have been deduced for the potential for creating innovation-based incubators. Through the method of scenarios, the potential usefulness of such structural elements of the innovation environment for increasing the innovativeness of the companies of the region has been determined.
Os 40 anos do descobrimento do bóson Z0: o mediador de correntes neutras
Authors: Deros Marcos Antônio de Oliveira , Silveira Gustavo Gil da
Published: April 2024

A descoberta dos bósons vetoriais massivos Z0 e W foi um marco na construção do Modelo Padrão das Partículas Elementares e permitiu a compreensão de uma gama de mecanismos de produção medidos em laboratório. Este artigo apresenta os aspectos gerais sobre teoria e instrumentação que levaram à descoberta do bóson vetorial massivo Z0 em 1983, uma das partículas mediadoras da Força Fraca e responsável pelas interações de correntes neutras. Uma breve contextualização histórica da construção da Teoria das Interações Fracas é feita, desde a descoberta da radioatividade até a proposta de sua unificação com a Eletrodinâmica Quântica, bem como a descrição dos principais experimentos envolvidos e discussão dos resultado obtidos. Por fim, os resultados obtidos nos experimentos UA1 e UA2 do S p p ¯ S são apresentados, os quais levaram ao Prêmio Nobel de 1984.
The Rachford-Rice equation: application to ternary diagram
Authors: Costa Éderson D’Martin , Braga João Pedro
Published: April 2024

Ternary phase diagrams in liquid-liquid equilibrium, for the water-ethanol-ethyl acetate system, were calculated and the results presented in rectangular and triangular diagrams. Initially, the thermodynamical background and the conditions of equilibrium are presented, involving the equality of activities and the mass balance condition. From this system of equations, the Rachford-Rice equation is deduced, transforming the problem of eight equations into a problem of one equation with one unknown. The Non-Random-Two-Liquid model was adopted to calculate activity coefficients, but other models can be easily adapted. An algorithm is presented to calculate the equilibrium compositions of this ternary system, together with numerical results. The theoretical-experimental comparison is in fair agreement, showing the robustness and simplicity of the Rachford-Rice equations. The material presented here is accessible to undergraduate students.
Construction of an assessment scale for the work environment in primary health care
Authors: Faust Sabrina Blasius , Ramos Flávia Regina Souza , Brehmer Laura Cavalcanti de Farias
Published: April 2024

Abstract Objective To describe the stages of constructing a scale to evaluate the work environment in Primary Health Care. Method methodological study with five stages: establishment of the conceptual structure; construction of questions and response scale; structuring; content validity with experts and semantic analysis with health professionals. Results construction of the conceptual structure with literature review, the analysis of researchers, experts and health professionals finalized the scale with 36 questions. The work environment is influenced by working conditions, administration and management issues, worker health, workloads, appreciation and motivation, violence and strategies for a healthy work environment. The Content Validity Index (CVI) and Percentage of agreement were performed, with values of 0.96 (CVI) and 96% agreement, respectively. Conclusions and implications for practice the scale was developed and showed agreement, according to the content validity test by experts and health professionals. Thus, the scale is capable of being used for other validation process and can contribute to the practice of health researchers in assessing the work environment.
Life of yoga and Neo-Hinduism: identities and belongings
Authors: Ladeira Thaís Assis , Bastos Cecilia dos Guimarães
Published: April 2024

Abstract This article addresses the themes of embodiment of tradition and the building of new religious identities by the case study of a Vedanta group in Rio de Janeiro. From the historical context of the transnational movements that have propagated practices and beliefs of Hindu origin, we present the interlocutors’ religious identifications and lifestyles. We then discuss the tensions and contradictions involved in the discourses, to some extent ambiguous, about autonomy and belonging. The data collected in the field reveals the meanings of a life of yoga and the different levels of engagement with the Hindu tradition and its practices and rituals. Beyond the notion of conversion, we argue that the construction of this neo-Hindu identity not only involves restrictions and adaptations to traditional precepts, but also a creative experience of transformation through the choice of certain prescriptions, identifications, and behaviours.
Breathing mode assessment with thermography: a pilot study
Authors: Telson Yasmim Carvalho , Furlan Renata Maria Moreira Moraes , Ferreira Rafael Augusto Magalhães , Porto Matheus Pereira , Motta Andréa Rodrigues
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose To present a method for analyzing breathing modes with infrared thermography. Methods This exploratory cross-sectional study used 38 thermal images of inspiration and expiration with nasal breathing and simulated mouth breathing in four nasal breathers without respiratory complaints. Three different data selection forms (line, rectangle, and ellipse) were used to extract the minimum, mean, and maximum temperatures of the regions of interest (nose and mouth) using the FLIR Tools® software. Results Among the three selection forms, there was greater temperature variability obtained with the line, revealing limitations in this measurement. There were no differences between the rectangle and ellipse values, showing that both selection forms present similar temperature extraction results. The comparison results between nose and mouth temperatures during inspiration and expiration indicated a statistically significant difference between all measurements, except for mean inspiration temperatures with the rectangle and ellipse. The breathing mode can be distinguished in both inspiration and expiration when using mean mouth temperatures with the rectangle and ellipse. Conclusion Breathing modes should be assessed based on mean mouth temperatures during inspiration, using the ellipse.
Perception of caregivers of preschool children with ASD on their behavior and occupational performance during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Silva Maene Pinheiro , Souza Rosangela Gomes da Mota de , Oliveira Karina Ferreira de , Cardoso Ana Amélia , Magalhães Lívia de Castro
Published: April 2024

Abstract Introduction Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) face behavioral, sensory processing, cognitive, and language challenges that affect their ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) and necessitate access to educational, therapeutic, and health services. The COVID-19 pandemic limited access to these essential services, exacerbating the challenges faced by this vulnerable population due to imposed social distancing measures. Objective To explore the perceptions of parent caregivers of preschoolers with ASD regarding their children’s behavior and performance in ADL during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method This cross-sectional, descriptive study utilized both quantitative and qualitative approaches, interviewing 60 caregivers of preschoolers with ASD. Participants were asked about any observed changes in their child’s behavior and ability to engage in ADL during the pandemic. Child characterization involved the Autism Classification System of Functioning: Social Communication (ACSF:SC), the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory - Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT), and the Sensory Profile 2 (SP-2). Interviews were documented, with 15 recorded and transcribed for thematic content analysis. Results Participants included 43 mothers, 15 couples, and two fathers, totaling 60 children, of whom 46 (76.7%) were boys aged between 3 and 5 years (mean age 53.6 ±10.18 months). Caregivers reported changes in behavior and performance in ADL, predominantly noting deterioration. Increases in stereotypic behaviors, rigidity, and hyperfocus were observed, along with decreased participation in ADL. While the presence of caregivers benefited some children, it also led to reported stress, particularly among mothers. Conclusion The study found a predominant trend of deteriorating behavior and performance in ADL among children with ASD during the pandemic, based on caregiver reports.
Processo analítico hierárquico (AHP) aplicado ao estudo de diferentes argamassas frente ao ataque por sulfatos
Authors: Frare Andreza , Amara Marcella , Souza Diego Jesus de , Medeiros Marcelo Henrique Farias de
Published: April 2024

Resumo O concreto é um material suscetível a diferentes mecanismos de degradação que podem causar a formação de produtos expansivos, como o ataque externo por sulfatos. As adições minerais, como a cinza volante, o metacaulim, a sílica ativa e a sílica de casca de arroz são opções que possuem sua eficácia comprovada em argamassas e concretos expostos a ambientes com sulfatos. O presente estudo busca, por meio de um método de análise multicritérios de decisão, realizar a escolha do teor de aglomerante em argamassas (1: 3,2 a/agl=0,60) que apresentar melhor desempenho frente ao ataque externo por sulfato de sódio (Na2SO4) e magnésio (MgSO4). Tendo uma base de dados pré-definida, foram escolhidos critérios e subcritérios para composição da matriz hierárquica, levando em consideração a sustentabilidade, desempenho econômico das diferentes composições e o efeito do ataque químico nas propriedades mecânicas e na durabilidade das argamassas. Ao final da análise, a composição mais indicada para ambientes agressivos contendo Na2SO4 foi a argamassa contendo 10% de sílica da casca de arroz em substituição parcial ao cimento Portland e, para a exposição ao MgSO4, a utilização de cinza volante na mesma proporção.
Durability monitoring of existing reinforced concrete structures: concepts, advancements, and prospects
Authors: Costa Alessandra Augusto , Quarcioni Valdecir Angelo
Published: April 2024

Abstract This article explores the fundamental concepts related to the durability of existing reinforced concrete structures, focusing on its monitoring. It compares the current approach adopted in major projects with that applied to other structures in service. It presents the principles of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and examines various sensor solutions available on the market and developed in research projects. It emphasizes the feasibility of democratizing structural monitoring, which is currently limited by cultural barriers. To achieve this, it highlights the need for collaboration among technical professionals, researchers, professional associations, and government agencies to overcome the challenges that have led to the so-called “control blackout” in the built environment.
GPT VS. HUMAN FOR SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS: A DUAL SOURCE REVIEW ON APPLICATIONS OF CHATGPT IN SCIENCE
Authors: Wu Chenxi , Varghese Alan John , Oommen Vivek , Karniadakis George Em
Published: April 2024

The new polymath large language models (LLMs) can greatly speed up scientific reviews, possibly using more unbiased quantitative metrics, facilitating cross-disciplinary connections, and identifying emerging trends and research gaps by analyzing large volumes of data. However, at the present time, they lack the required deep understanding of complex methodologies, they have difficulty in evaluating innovative claims, and they are unable to assess ethical issues and conflicts of interest. Herein, we consider 13 geotechnical parrot tales (GPT)-related papers across different scientific domains, reviewed by a human reviewer and SciSpace, a large language model, with the reviews evaluated by three distinct types of evaluators, namely GPT-3.5, a crowd panel, and GPT-4. We found that 50% of SciSpace's responses to objective questions align with those of a human reviewer,
with GPT-4 (informed evaluator) often rating the human reviewer higher in accuracy, and SciSpace higher in structure, clarity, and completeness. In subjective questions, the uninformed evaluators (GPT-3.5 and crowd panel) showed varying preferences between SciSpace and human responses, with the crowd panel showing a preference for the human responses. However, GPT-4 rated them equally in accuracy and structure but favored SciSpace for completeness.
Preschool education teacher (in the light of the opinions of men studying Education and Early School Pedagogy)
Authors: Ordon Urszula
Published: April 2024

The issue of men’s work as pre-service education teachers is an important link in research on pre-service education and public perceptions of male teachers in international studies – but in Poland it is rarely the focus of researchers’ attention. This article supplements the modest state of research to date with information gleaned from interviewing male preschool and early childhood education teacher trainees.
Internet addiction – challenges and strategies for dealing with digital dependency
Authors: Makles Przemysław
Published: April 2024

In today’s world, media are an integral part of everyday functioning. Regardless of age, everyone uses them every day. One of the most popular mediums in the last decade is the Internet, which not only enables communication with other people, but is also a source of a lot of information. Using the Internet offers many possibilities. One of them is getting to know other people and their opinions. Unfortunately, excessive use of the Internet leads to addiction. Cyberspace also carries numerous threats. Especially young and inexperienced people are at risk of being harmed by someone they do not know and have never seen. The phenomenon of Internet addiction is a huge problem experienced by an increasing number of users all over the world. Long term use of electronic devices, activity on social media and even obsessive involvement in online games are becoming more widespread and are generating serious side effects among various age groups. These are health issues such as difficulties with sleep or concentration, increased stress levels, depression, as well as decreased effectiveness and, above all, difficulties in maintaining social relationships. In this article, we will focus on the problem of Internet addiction. We will identify the difficulties that arise in the context of this phenomenon and present some methods that may be useful for people who want to overcome their digital dependencies. We will also present practical approaches and tools that allow you to regain control over your Internet use.
Los planes complementarios de pensión como práctica de atracción y retención de talento directivo
Authors: Duque Ospina Marcelo , Revuelto Taboada Lorenzo
Published: April 2024

Objetivo. Explorar el rol de los planes complementarios de pensiones como práctica de atracción y retención de talento directivo en las empresas multinacionales y multilatinas. Un tema directamente conectado con las tasas de cobertura que ofrecen los sistemas públicos y privados de pensiones dentro del pilar obligatorio, en estos momentos en descenso. Metodología. Para analizar estas cuestiones se realizó un análisis cualitativo a través de entrevistas en profundidad a altos ejecutivos y expertos internacionales, además del análisis de documentación interna de diversas empresas e información de fuentes secundarias. Resultados. Los resultados obtenidos permiten plantear una serie de proposiciones relacionadas con los modelos de los planes complementarios de pensiones más apropiados y el conjunto de prácticas de RRHH, internamente consistentes con ellos para hacerlos una herramienta retributiva atractiva y eficaz, al mismo tiempo que garantizan los intereses de los diversos stakeholders. Conclusiones. El modelo de plan implementado tiene una influencia esencial en su éxito como mecanismo de atracción, retención y motivación de talento directivo, así como a la hora de proteger los intereses de los stakeholders. Su éxito también depende de la articulación de medidas complementarias y congruentes con la adopción del mismo. No obstante, la actuación de los Estados tanto en materia regulatoriacomo a la hora de crear consciencia pensional y cultura del ahorro condicionan enormemente su eficacia.
Structural characteristics and properties of heat-resistant nickel β-alloys produced via the centrifugal SHS-casting method
Authors: Sanin V. V. , Aheiev M. I. , Loginov P. A. , Bychkova M. Ya. , Shukman E. S. , Mezhevaia L. Yu. , Sanin V. N. , Lobova T. A.
Published: April 2024

Employing centrifugal self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) metallurgy, complemented by advanced metallurgical processes such as vacuum induction melting (VIM) and vacuum arc remelting (VAR), yielded the alloy formulation denoted as base–2.5Mo–1.5Re–1.5Ta–0.2Ti. This study investigates the effects of various technological modes and additional metallurgical treatments on the alloy's impurity and non-metallic inclusion content, structural characteristics, mechanical behavior under compression, and its oxidation mechanisms and kinetics when exposed to temperatures of 1150 °C for 30 h. With increasing centrifugal acceleration, the proportion of non-metallic inclusions (number of points) drops from 5 to 1–2 points. The best combination mechanical properties, including σucs = 1640 ± 20 MPa, σys = 1518 ± 10 MPa, and residual deformation were observed in alloys processed under conditions of increased gravitational force (g = 50). Within a centrifugal force range of g = 20÷300, the composition of the synthesis products aligned with the theoretical expectations. The total content of impurities is 0.15 ± 0.02 %, with a decrease in gas impurities–oxygen and nitrogen levels reduced to 0.018 % and 0.0011 %, respectively. The structural analysis of the alloys revealed the presence of globular and streaked inclusions of a chromium-based solid solution embedded within the matrix. Inclusions with thickness of 2–8 μm are present in the intergranular space: (Cr)Ni,Mo,Co, (Cr)Mo,Re and (Cr)Re,Mo. The formation of the Ni(Al,Ti) phase at grain boundaries was identified, contributing to an enhancement in plastic resistance and overall strength of the alloy. Oxidation mechanisms varied across different processing modes, with the size of structural components significantly influencing oxidation kinetics. The weight gain observed in SHS samples was 70 ± 10 g/m2 with oxidation predominantly occurring along the NiAl interphase boundaries and penetrating into the depth of the sample. TEM facilitated the identification of phases enriched with Ti microadditions, reducing the levels of dissolved nitrogen and oxygen within the intermetallic phase to a combined weight percentage (ΣO,N) of 0.0223 wt.%.
Estado actual del balonmano para personas con discapacidad. Revisión sistemática
Authors: Gámez-Calvo Luisa , Gamonales Puerto José Martín , Hernández-Beltrán Víctor , Muñoz-Jiménez Jesús
Published: April 2024

The present work aims to develop a structured exploratory systematic review, based on the results found around the terms "Handball" and "Disability". To carry out the search of the documents, the following keywords were used: "Handball" and "Disability". The documents were searched in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, obtaining a final number of 6 valid documents published prior to September 2021. To adjust the search to the object of study, a series of inclusion and exclusion criteria were established. In the results, it is observed that the most repeated studies are Empirical Studies with Qualitative Methodology about the performance of Wheelchair Handball players. In conclusion, the documents on handball for people with disabilities show that Wheelchair Handball can be beneficial in improving quality of life, functionality, independence, and the acquisition of healthy lifestyles.
Porque a escribir se aprende escribiendo. Una propuesta para el aula de ELE Writing for learning to write / A proposal for the Spanish language classroom
Authors: Díez-Coronado Mª Ángeles
Published: April 2024

Resumen La escritura es unade las destrezas que elestudiante de una L2 debemanejar. En las aulasnormalmente su enseñanzapasa por el conocimiento degramática y se vincula a élhasta el punto de sugerirse losejercicios de escritura casicompletamente en relación conla morfología o sintaxisestudiada. Esta metodología noprepara para la producciónescrita; afianza la gramática,pero deja de lado la formaciónpara producir textos creativos.Lo que se propone en esteartículo, tras una brevecontextualización, son unaserie de ejercicios que resultanútiles para desarrollar lacapacidad de la escritura enalumnos de L2 con cierta base. Abstract Writing is one of theskills that students of a L2 haveto know. Normally, it is inrelation with grammar, and thewriting exercises are useful foracquiring morphology orsyntax. But this methodologydoes not prepare for thecreative writing. In this article,after a brief contextualization,are proposed a series ofexercises that are useful fordeveloping the writing skillbetween students of a L2, whenthey are not beginners.
Metodologías activas. Un estudio de AICLE/CLIL en Tecnología e Inglés / Active Learning. A study of CLIC/AICLE in Technology and English
Authors: Warburton Susan
Published: April 2024

Resumen: La importancia del idioma inglés para los alumnos universitarios hace necesario reforzar sus habilidades lingüísticas con el objetivo de que se conviertan en usuarios competentes en lengua inglesa. La finalidad de este trabajo es analizar el tipo de errores cometidos en la producción escrita durante el uso libre de la lengua inglesa, sin la realización de actividades gramaticales dirigidas. Para ello se utilizó la herramienta virtual Foro de la plataforma Moodle. Se planteó a los estudiantes una serie de cuestiones de carácter general relacionadas con noticias de actualidad en las que tuvieran que expresar su opinión en lengua inglesa. Se contabilizaron los errores cometidos por los alumnos y se analizaron los resultados obtenidos. Estos errores son en muchas ocasiones consecuencia de la inmediatez del discurso (los fallos de incorrección gráfica); fruto de estrategias de compensación en las que el alumno transfiere estructuras de su primera lengua a la segunda; y generalización de reglas gramaticales de la segunda lengua. El alumno no sólo necesita reforzar sus conocimientos gramaticales sino sistematizarlos a través de la práctica para así ir puliendo los errores cometidos.
Palabras clave: Foro; comunicación oral; análisis de errores; interlengua; inglés como segunda lengua.
 
Abstract: University students need to improve their language ability in English in order to become proficient language users. This paper aims to analyze the mistakes committed in the written domain during actual communication. An improvement in their performance in the grammar activities has been noticed but they still make mistakes when communicating without restrictions. The students were asked to debate and exchange opinions concerning current affairs in the news. The mistakes were recorded and analyzed. Different types were found: spelling mistakes consequence of the immediateness of the discourse exchange; mistakes as a result of compensation strategies using first language structures and generalization of grammar rules. Thus, students not only need to improve their knowledge of the rules but also to systematize it by practice in order to polish the mistakes committed.
Key words: Forum; Oral Communication; Error Analysis; Interlanguage; English as a second language.
El grado de determinación en la clasificación de los nominales: una experiencia en la escuela secundaria / The degree of determination in nominal classification: an experience in secondary school
Authors: Funes María Soledad , Poggio Anabella Laura
Published: April 2024

Resumen:

Partiendo de los resultados obtenidos en Funes y Poggio (2015), estudio centrado en la enseñanza del nominal en la escuela secundaria desde el Enfoque Cognitivo-prototípico (ECP), el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la influencia del grado de determinación de los nombres en la categorización de los nominales que realizan los alumnos. Se sostienen las siguientes hipótesis: (1) a mayor grado de determinación, más facilidad en el reconocimiento de los nominales; sin embargo, (2) más allá del tipo de basamento (determinante), el contexto discursivo es fundamental para categorizar los nominales; 3) los nominales sin basamento se ubican en la zona intermedia del continuum categorial, ya que el plural y el significado colectivo se acercan a la indefinición. Para comprobar estas hipótesis, se realizaron pruebas a alumnos de primer año de una escuela privada de Buenos Aires (Argentina).

Palabras clave: Enfoque cognitivo-prototípico, gramática, enseñanza, nominal, determinación

 

Abstract:

Stemming from the results of Funes & Poggio (2015), our previous study on the teaching of the nominal in higher education, based on the Prototypical-cognitive approach, the present paper aims to analyse the influence of the degree of determination of nouns in the categorization of nominals by high school students. We hold the following hypothesis: (1) a higher degree of determination will allow students to identify more easily the nominals; however, (2) beyond the type of grounding, the discursive context is essential to categorize nominals; 3) nominals without grounding are located in the intermediate area of categorial continuum , as the plural nouns and collective nouns  have meaning of indefiniteness. In order to prove these hypothesis, we have set tests to first year students (age: 13 years old) of a private high school in Buenos Aires (Argentina).  

Key words: Cognitive-prototypical Approach, grammar, teaching, nominal, determination
CODA: 3D tissue reconstruction pipeline | HuBMAP | JHU-TMC v2
Authors: Sang Han Kyu , Wu Pei-Hsun , Sunshine Joel , Kiemen Ashley , Reddy Sashank , Wirtz Denis
Published: April 2024

CODA pipeline with 6 parts
SOP for genome size estimations from collection specimens v1
Authors: François Flot Jean , Tawfeeq Mohammed , Riesgo Ana
Published: April 2024

Genome size data is crucial now for comparative studies with the goal of understanding the mechanisms of genomic change and their biological implications related to genome size diversity. But also, now this data is actively sought by thebiodiversity genomics community given that is a a valuable proxy for the estimations of the cost and challenge of sequencing and assembling a potential target genome. Given the (sometimes) extreme diversity of genome sizes among the organisms within the same phyla or even genus, it is important to provide genome size estimations for the maximum number of taxa possible, to aid on the accuracy of genome sequencing depth, among other things. Traditionally, genome size estimations for multicellular species are performed using two methods: Feulgen densitometry (now most often based on image analysis) and flow cytometry. In both cases, live/fresh or flash-frozen (e.g., in liquid nitrogen or on dry ice) material of animal tissues are preferred over fixed material because the nuclei remain intact and can be prepared and stained more easily. However, this poses many challenges and limitations for rare taxa and those coming from extreme environments or sites that are very difficult to access. Therefore, estimations from preserved material are now more necessary than ever if we want to accomplish the difficult task of sequencing virtually the whole biodiversity of the planet.
An Analysis of Approaches to Reduction of HIV Stigma across the World through educational interventions: A Scoping Review
Authors:   Shahid  Beheshti  University  of  Medical  Sciences,, Ebrahimi Hamideh , Atashzadeh Shoorideh Foroozan ,   Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Reza Sohrabi Mohammad ,   Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Ebrahimi Masoumeh ,   Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Hosseini Meimanat ,   Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Published: April 2024

Objective. To determinate the educational interventions for reducing the stigma caused by HIV worldwide. Methods. This scoping review study analyzed all papers published from early 2000 to the end of 2022 by searching all the scientific databases, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and CINHAL. The quality assessment of the papers was done using the ROBIS tool checklist. Results. 31papers were admitted to the scoping review process. Stigma reduction intervention was founded on three parts: Society, health and therapeutic services providers, and the patients who had HIV and their families. The interventions included education on the reduction of fear, and shame, observation of protective standards, conducting tests and treatment at the above levels, as well as the support provided by the society, policymakers, religious leaders and families of patients in economic, psychological and cultural terms, together with the establishment of social centres and organization of campaigns. Conclusion. The stigma associated with HIV is a significant obstacle before treatment, life expectancy and living quality of patients. Therefore, the stigma associated with this disease can be reduced, and the living quality of patients can be raised using approaches such as education of healthcare service providers and afflicted people, as well as economic, social, cultural, and psychological support.
α1-Antitrypsin deficiency
Authors: Karchevskaya N. A. , Belevskiy A. S.
Published: April 2024

α1-Antitrypsin deficiency is classified as an orphan disease. The main target organs are the lungs, liver and skin. Typical respiratory manifestations are emphysema and bronchiectasis, which often lead to disability as the disease progresses. To slow the progression of lung pathology, replacement therapy with an α1-proteinase inhibitor is used worldwide.

The aim of this article is to familiarize physicians with a rare lung disease that leads to the early development of emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Conclusion. Early detection of lung pathology associated with α1-antitrypsin deficiency allows timely prescription of the necessary replacement therapy, which in turn leads to an increase in the duration and improvement in the quality of life of patients with this pathology.
TRIBVNVS MILITVM. Kariery senatorskie rzymskich trybunów wojskowych w epoce Sewerów
Authors: Okoń Danuta
Published: April 2024

Throughout 42 years of the Severan rule (193–235), approximately 588 tribuni laticlavii and at least five times more tribuni angusticlavii served in Roman military units. Out of these, we currently know 123 people who later became senators and performed various functions in the administration of the Empire. In this monograph, I present their cursus honorum and I determine the impact of holding the military tribunate on their subsequent careers – to what extent the military tribunate made it possible for them to attain magistracies and offices of praetorian rank and, in the future, the consulship and post-consular offices. Four chapters contain analyses of senatorial careers of tribuni militum (laticlavii and angusticlavii) presented in a problematic way, taking into account the chronology of the cursus honorum. For this purpose, I used my career typology, presented for the first time in 2017 in the second volume of the Album senatorum monograph. In Chapter One, I presented basic information about the tribunes: their number, nomenclature, appointment procedure, period of service and territorial and social origin. In Chapter Two, I discussed a group of individual distinctions (dona militaria, adlectio and commendatio Augusti) and their connection with attaining magistracies. I determined to what extent special distinctions were a result of merits from the period of military service, and to what extent they were due to social origins. I devoted Chapter Three to higher command positions: legatus legionis, praepositus, dux with an indication of the rules that governed their attainment (and exceptions to them). I answered questions about the qualifications of Roman senators to perform these functions and about the existence of the viri militares category. In Chapter Four, I included information on the structure of the governorship of Roman provinces, taking into account the proportions between praetorian and consular provinces, and imperial and senatorial provinces. I paid particular attention to provincial governorships with legions, to which people with military experience were predestined. I showed the order in which provincial governorships and a possible consulship and proconsulships of Asia and Africa appeared in the cursus honorum. In the Conclusion, I presented two career models: tribuni laticlavii and tribuni angusticlavii, highlighting their similarities and differences. In this monograph, I proved that the military tribunate held at a young age had a significant impact on a person’s further career.
70 Years - from DNA Double Helix via Approaching Systems Genomics to a Generalized Unified Evolution Theory
Authors: Knoch Tobias A.
Published: April 2024

70 Years
-
from
DNA Double Helix
via
Approaching Systems Genomics
to a
Generalized Unified Evolution Theory
Marginalizált társadalmi csoportok láthatósága kapcsolathálózati szempontból
Authors: Vida László
Published: April 2024

The study examines the segregation of different marginalized social groups – ex-prisoners, gypsies, gays and lesbians, homeless people – and their visibility in society. Using a size generator network method, the study builds negative binomial models to compare the segregation of marginalized groups within a representative sample of 1000 people. The alpha value in these models indicates the level of overdispersion. According to the results, the level of segregation varies between the overall network and the trust network. Specifically, the level of segregation for gypsies is the lowest in the overall network, whereas in the trust network, it is the lowest for gays/lesbians. The segregation of homeless people is extremely high, which is due to the fact that they are confined to their own space. Individuals with low education, belonging to lower classes, living in villages have the smallest network size. However, they have the highest number of marginalized social group members. A smaller network is associated with lower levels of peer support. The lack of weak bonds makes the social network homophilic and „island-like” social exlusions are formed where poverty and vulnerability are typical.
A reprodukcióra vonatkozó politikák változása Magyarországon 2010 és 2022 között
Authors: Sipos Alexandra , Szalma Ivett
Published: April 2024

This paper examines Hungarian reproductive policies, their changes and their restrictions in relation to pronatalist objectives between 2010 and 2022. The aim of the study is to present and interpret legislative changes in reproductive policies in the context of the pronatalist policies in Hungary. Reproductive policies include the regulation of assisted reproductive technologies, adoption, abortion, contraception, and sex education. In the development of these policies, we assume that a fundamentally pronatalist approach prevails, but we also identify various specific related constraints: heteronormativity, marriage-centredness, and the maintenance and reinforcement of traditional gender roles. We assume that Hungary’s reproductive policies have become increasingly selective since 2010 after the second Orbán government. These policies can be considered selective because they do not encourage all social groups to have children. These result in the exclusion of for example socially disadvantaged groups, single people and same-sex couples from reproduction due to legal constraints, a lack of financial support, access, and transfer of information. In conclusion, selective, heteronormative and marriage-based pronatalism is most identifiable in the adoption context, but abortion regulation, the legal environment for assisted reproductive technologies and sex education, in general, may reinforce pronatalist objectives.
A felsőoktatás értelmiségképző aspektusai
Authors: Kocsis Nóra
Published: April 2024

Bocsi Veronika (2022): Értelmiségképzés és felsőoktatás. Belvedere Kiadó, Szeged, 286 oldal
The Influence of Freezing-thawing on the Properties of Sludge from Water Treatment Facilities and the Prospects for its Disposal
Authors: Belkanova M.Yu. , Avdin V.V. , Galimov D.M.
Published: April 2024

It has been shown that the freezing-thawing method allows a sharp increase in the water-yielding capacity of water treatment sludge (WTS sludge) and leads to an increase in the median particle size of the dispersed phase of sludge. The distribution of bound water types in WTP sludge was studied using thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal thermogravimetry (DTG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and mass spectrometry of gaseous thermolysis products (MS). It has been established that the release of water and carbon dioxide is completely completed at a temperature of 600°C. The specific surface area of the solid phase of WTP sludge before and after freezing-thawing was determined. The pore size distribution was studied. The BET isotherm of WTP sludge corresponds to mesoporous sorbents.
Assessment of the Ra-226 and Ra-228 Content in the Bottom Sediments of the Kolva and Usa Rivers (Bolshezemelskaia Tundra of the Nenets Autonomous Region and the Komi Republic)
Authors: Puchkov A.V. , Yakovlev E.Yu. , Druzhinin S.V.
Published: April 2024

An assessment was made of the content of natural radionuclides Ra-226 and Ra-228, as well as petroleum products, in the bottom sediments of the Kolva and Usa rivers (Bolshezemelskaia tundra of the Nenets Autonomous Region and the Komi Republic). The values of the specific activities of the studied radionuclides, their isotope ratios, the concentration of petroleum products are obtained, and the correlation dependences of the specific activities of Ra-226 and Ra-228 on the concentration of petroleum products are established. It has been demonstrated that certain sections of the Kolva river are characterized by increased content of Ra-226 in bottom sediments. It was concluded that the likely source of radionuclide entry into bottom sediments is the entry of oil and gas waste into surface waters.
Inter-Ethnic Violence in Nigeria and the Proposed Solution to Address Them
Authors: Justus Femi Chukwudi,
Published: April 2024

Inter-ethnic violence in Nigeria refers to conflicts and tensions between different ethnic groups within the country. It is a complex issue with deep-rooted historical, social, and political factors. The subject matter of this paper is to examine the prevalence of inter-ethnic tensions in Nigeria, which is defined as an act of aggression or violence between clusters of two or more distinct ethnicities. It identifies the underlying reasons for this violence, which include sectarian strife, ethnic rivalry for resources, political instability, and economic disparity. It also examines the impact of this violence on Nigeria's population and economy, which has been linked to an increase in poverty, dislocation, and migration. Finally, this paper provides an investigation of the approaches employed by the government of Nigeria to tackle this issue, including their successes and failures, and proposes effective solutions to reduce the occurrence of this type of violence. To address these challenges, some proposed solutions include promoting dialogue and reconciliation between ethnic groups, implementing inclusive governance structures, and investing in education and economic opportunities for all communities. Ultimately, this paper emphasizes the need for inter-ethnic collaboration to reduce the incidence of this form of violence and promote security and stability in Nigeria.
ROMPIMENTO DE BARRAGENS E RESPONSABILIDADE PENAL DA PESSOA JURÍDICA
Authors: Bianchini Marcos Paulo Andrade , Araújo Giselle Marques de , Oliveira Ademir Kleber Morbeck de
Published: April 2024

O rompimento da barragem de mineração em Brumadinho (MG) suscitou discussão sobre a responsabilidade penal da pessoa jurídica em razão dos danos ambientais. Levando em consideração o tema, buscou-se investigar a eficiência da responsabilidade penal da pessoa jurídica no contexto do rompimento das barragens mantidas por empreendimentos de mineração, tendo como objeto da pesquisa e discussão especial o rompimento da barragem em Brumadinho. Utilizou-se o método dialético, possibilitando o questionamento sobre as certezas até então estabelecidas, propiciando negá-las e, desse exercício intelectivo, extrair um conhecimento seguro. Como hipótese, a imputação de responsabilidade penal à pessoa jurídica se revela como legislação simbólica que se traduz em uma atuação aparente do Estado com a finalidade de conferir aparente solução aos problemas e desafios para a proteção ambiental. Ainda, blinda o tema e impede que as discussões avancem na busca de respostas eficientes. O trabalho conjectura a aplicação do Direito de Intervenção, proposto por Hassemer, por meio de suas manifestações no Direito brasileiro. Como conclusão, identificou-se que a ausência das condições jurídicas e materiais para a responsabilização penal da pessoa jurídica estabelece uma falsa percepção de cumprimento das promessas proclamadas da proteção ambiental que constam da Constituição Federal de 1988.
Biosafety Regulations and International Trade in Africa
Authors:   University of Strathclyde Glasgow, UK, Afoakwa Emmanuel
Published: April 2024

Biosafety refers to a set of measures aimed at regulating and ensuring the safe use of genetic engineering and transnational movements of genetically modified organisms. It falls within the scope of the Cartagena Biosafety Protocol under the Convention of Biological Diversity that is intended to lay the foundation for a global system for assessing and managing the impact of genetic modified organisms on biodiversity. Most African governments believe that genetic engineering biotechnology is inherently safe, and only its misuse needs to be prevented. This is important as some products of modern biotechnology raise certain environmental safety issues.
Capacity Building and Development for Africa
Authors:   African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Oniang'o Ruth
Published: April 2024

For many years we have talked about the need to have a critical mass of well trained professionals to run certain aspects of the government/ economy if Africa has to realize any meaningful development. The talk is so rife that to demonstrate our seriousness, there is always a session in most conferences where organizations showcase what they have done in capacity development. No one can quarrel with that. The only problem is that the equation just does not balance. These same organizations extract more professionals from Africa than they train. Some only extract and do not even train. Many African governments are struggling to educate their people, but then find it difficult to retain their top performers just because these are marketable elsewhere, and the level of remuneration at home just cannot compete with what they get offered in the more developed parts of the world. Whereas patriotism is good, it is no good if it does not put food on the table.