bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Continuum Modeling and Simulation of Robotic Appendage Interaction With Granular Material
Authors: Wang Guanjin , Riaz Amir , Balachandran Balakumar
Published: November 2020

Legged locomotion has advantages when one is navigating a flowable ground or a terrain with obstacles that are common in nature. With traditional terra-mechanics, one can capture large wheel–terrain interactions. However, legged motion on a granular substrate is difficult to investigate by using classical terra-mechanics due to sharp edge contact. Recent studies have shown that a continuum simulation can serve as an accurate tool for simulating dynamic interactions with granular material at laboratory and field scales. Spurred by this, a computational framework based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method has been developed for the investigation of single robot appendage interaction with a granular system. This framework has been validated by using experimental results and extended to study robot appendages with different shapes and stride frequencies. The mechanics’ results are expected to help robot navigation and exploration in unknown and complex terrains.
Thermal and Mechanical Analyses of Compliant Thermoelectric Coils for Flexible and Bio-Integrated Devices
Authors: Li Kan , Chen Lin , Zhu Feng , Huang Yonggang
Published: November 2020

Three-dimensional coil structures assembled by mechanically guided compressive buckling have shown potential in enabling efficient thermal impedance matching of thermoelectric devices at a small characteristic scale, which increases the efficiency of power conversion, and has the potential to supply electric power to flexible bio-integrated devices. The unconventional heat dissipation behavior at the side surfaces of the thin-film coil, which serves as a “heat pump,” is strongly dependent on the geometry and the material of the encapsulating dissipation layer (e.g., polyimide). The low heat transfer coefficient of the encapsulation layer, which may damp the heat transfer for a conventional thermoelectric device, usually limits the heat transfer efficiency. However, the unconventional geometry of the coil can take advantage of the low heat transfer coefficient to increase its hot-to-cold temperature difference, and this requires further thermal analysis of the coil in order to improve its power conversion efficiency. Another challenge for the coil is that the active thin-film thermoelectric materials employed (e.g., heavily doped Silicon) are usually very brittle, with the fracture strain less than 0.1% in general while the overall device may undergo large deformation (e.g., stretched 100%). Mechanical analysis is therefore necessary to avoid failure/fracture of the thermoelectric material. In this work, we study the effect of coil geometry on both thermal and mechanical behaviors by using numerical and analytical approaches, and optimize the coil geometry to improve the device performance, and to guide its design for future applications.
Airborne Disinfection by Dry Fogging Efficiently Inactivates Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Mycobacteria, and Bacterial Spores and Shows Limitations of Commercial Spore Carriers
Authors: Schinköthe Jan , Scheinemann Hendrik A. , Diederich Sandra , Freese Holger , Eschbaumer Michael , Teifke Jens P. , Reiche Sven
Published: November 2020

Airborne disinfection is not only of crucial importance for the safe operation of laboratories and animal rooms where infectious agents are handled but also can be used in public health emergencies such as the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. We show that dry fogging an aerosolized mixture of peroxyacetic acid and hydrogen peroxide (aPAA-HP) is highly microbicidal, efficient, fast, robust, environmentally neutral, and a suitable airborne disinfection method.
The SARS-CoV-2 Conserved Macrodomain Is a Mono-ADP-Ribosylhydrolase
Authors: Alhammad Yousef M. O. , Kashipathy Maithri M. , Roy Anuradha , Gagné Jean-Philippe , McDonald Peter , Gao Philip , Nonfoux Louis , Battaile Kevin P. , Johnson David K. , Holmstrom Erik D. , Poirier Guy G. , Lovell Scott , Fehr Anthony R.
Published: November 2020

SARS-CoV-2 has recently emerged into the human population and has led to a worldwide pandemic of COVID-19 that has caused more than 1.2 million deaths worldwide. With no currently approved treatments, novel therapeutic strategies are desperately needed.
Diabetes knowledge, risk perception, and quality of life among South Asian caregivers in young adulthood
Authors: Koipuram Angela , Carroll Sandra , Punthakee Zubin , Sherifali Diana
Published: November 2020

Introduction

Persons of South Asian descent have a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The management of T2DM in the South Asian community has required the support of adult children, potentially impacting the quality of life, diabetes-related knowledge, and risk perception among these caregivers.

Research design and methods

To investigate diabetes-related knowledge, quality of life, risk perception, and actual risk of developing diabetes among South Asian young adults whose parents are living with T2DM. A cross-sectional study was conducted (n=150). An online survey was administered. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results

There was a statistically significant difference in diabetes-related knowledge between males and females (p<0.001). Males (in comparison to females) had a lower risk perception of developing diabetes (p=0.06). Further, risk perception and diabetes-related knowledge were positively associated with caregiver’s physical health (p=0.002).

Conclusion

Findings highlight the importance of providing gender-specific and culturally tailored diabetes educational interventions.
Mitigating the global health threat of violent conflict: a preventive framework
Authors: Shapiro Daniel , Hua Catherine
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveTo examine the problem of large-scale violent conflict and the unique preventive role that the global health community can play.

MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive literature review and extrapolated insights from practice-based research and consultation with leaders and grassroot organisations confronting emergent and ongoing large-scale conflict.

ResultsThe field of global health has thoroughly investigated the physical and mental health consequences of violent conflict, yet there is a dire need for preventive research and action.

ConclusionsGlobal health scholars and practitioners are well-positioned to track early warning signs of violence, construct predictive models of its outbreak, lobby for policy reform to address the structural roots of conflict, and provide mediation and educational support to mitigate emerging conflict.
Management principles in patients with COVID-19: perspectives from a growing global experience with emphasis on cardiovascular surveillance
Authors: Veldtman Gruschen R , Pirisi Mario , Storti Enrico , Roomi Asad , Fadl-Elmula Fadl Elmula M , Vriz Olga , Bokhari Sabahat , Ammash Naser , Salam Yezan , Liu Guang Zong , Spinelli Stefano , Barbieri Greta , Hashmi Shahrukh
Published: November 2020

The COVID-19, due to SARS-CoV-2, has uncovered many real-world issues when it comes to healthcare management and has led to a widespread mortality. Observations thus far from the reports of COVID-19 have indicated that certain risk groups for example, those with pre-existing cardiovascular (CV) disease, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and tobacco use are prone to disease development and specifically development of severe disease and possible fatality. It is increasingly evident that many CV conditions occur frequently. These include myopericarditis, acute coronary syndromes, thrombosis, arrhythmias, hypertension and heart failure. Many professional organisations and societies related to cardiology have produced guidelines or recommendations on most of the above-mentioned aspects. Given these rapid developments, the aims of this review manuscript were to summarise and integrate recent publications with newly developed guidelines and with the first-hand experience of frontline physicians and to yield a pragmatic insight and approach to CV complications of COVID-19. We emphasise on a strategic tier-based approach for initial assessment and management of COVID-19, and then delve into focused areas within CV domains, and additionally highlighting the role of point-of-care ultrasound especially lung ultrasound, echocardiography and electrocardiography, in the management of these patients. We hope this paper will serve as a useful tool in the CV management of COVID-19 for clinicians practicing in both developing and developed countries.
Decision-Based Marginal Diffusion for Salt-and-Pepper Noise Removal in Color Images
Authors: Deng Hongyao , Song Xiuli , Fan Huilian
Published: November 2020

Salt-and-pepper noise suppression for vector-valued images usually employs vector median filtering, total variation L1 model, diffusion methods and variants. These approaches, however, often introduce excessive smoothing and can result in extensive visual feature blurring and are suitable only for images with low intensity noise. In this paper, a new method, as an important preprocessing step in cyber-physical systems, is presented to suppress salt-and-pepper noise that can overcomes this limitation. This method first detects the corrupted pixels and then restores them using channel-wise anisotropic diffusion. The means is twofold. On the one hand, the marginal approach is used to perform noise suppression separately in each channel because the contaminative pixel components are of independent distribution. On the other hand, a decision-based anisotropic diffusion method is applied to each channel to restores them. The anisotropic diffusion is an energy-dissipating process with time, and dependent on geometric analysis of shape of the energy surface. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method for impulsive noise removal achieves the state-of-the-arts results.
Shell evolution in neutron-rich Ge, Se, Kr and Sr nuclei within RHB approach
Authors: El Adri M. , Oulne M.
Published: November 2020

The exotic even–even isotopic chains from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] are investigated by means of the relativistic Hartree–Bogoliubov (RHB) approach with the explicit Density Dependent Meson-Exchange (DD-ME2) and Density-Dependent Point-Coupling (DD-PC1) models. The classic magic number [Formula: see text] is reproduced and the new number [Formula: see text] is predicted to be a robust shell closure by analysing several calculated quantities such as: two-neutron separation energies, two-neutron shell gap, neutron pairing energy, potential energy surface and neutron single particle energies. The obtained results are compared with the predictions of finite range droplet model (FRDM) and with the available experimental data. A reasonable and satisfactory agreement between the theoretical models and experiment is established.
WEAR ANALYSIS OF ALUMINUM–NICKEL INTERMETALLIC SURFACE COMPOSITE FABRICATED BY FRICTION STIR PROCESSING
Authors: SHAMANIAN MORTEZA , NASRESFAHANI MOHAMMAD REZA , BAHRAMI EBRAHIM , EDRIS HOSSEIN
Published: November 2020

In low-strength metals, the main purpose of enhancing surface properties is to increase the abrasion resistance. One of the new methods for improving the microstructure of the surface layer of metals is the surface composite. In this research, the friction stir processing (FSP) was used to develop an aluminum–nickel intermetallic surface composite. Aluminum 2024 alloy and Ni powder were used as the matrix and reinforcement agent, respectively. Comparison of composite and non-composite FSP samples indicates that adding reinforcements improves the wear resistance of a monolithic metal in all condition. Also, the wear resistance of fabricated composites using activated Al–Ni powder is higher than the others due to the presence of Al3Ni2 and Al3Ni intermetallic compounds. At low traverse speed of the FSP, powder agglomeration occurs, and the powders are not uniformly distributed, as a result, the friction coefficient rises. SEM micrographs of scratched particles of activated composite confirm the delamination mechanism in the wear stable stage.
Dynamics of stochastic predator–prey models with distributed delay and stage structure for prey
Authors: Liu Qun , Jiang Daqing , Hayat Tasawar
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we analyze two stochastic predator–prey models with distributed delay and stage structure for prey. For the nonautonomous periodic case of the model, by using Khasminskii’s theory of periodic solution, we show that the system has at least one positive [Formula: see text]-periodic solution. For the model which is disturbed by both white and telegraph noises, we obtain sufficient criteria for positive recurrence of the solutions to the model by constructing a suitable stochastic Lyapunov function with regime switching. The positive recurrence implies that both prey and predator populations will be persistent in the long term.
Sum number of fans
Authors: Mauritsius Tuga
Published: November 2020

Graph labeling deals with assigning labels to one or more elements of a graph. It has a wide variety of applications including: coding theory, communication network addressing, data base management system and secret sharing schemes to mention a view. A mapping [Formula: see text] is called a sum labeling of a graph [Formula: see text] if it is an injection from [Formula: see text] to a set of positive integers, such that [Formula: see text] if and only if there exists a vertex [Formula: see text] such that [Formula: see text]. In this case, [Formula: see text] is called a working vertex. In general, a graph [Formula: see text] will require some isolated vertices to be labeled in this way. The least possible number of such isolated vertices is called the sum number of [Formula: see text]; denoted by [Formula: see text].

A sum labeling of a graph [Formula: see text] is said to be optimum if it labels [Formula: see text] by using [Formula: see text] isolated vertices.

In this paper, we investigate the lower bounds for the number of isolates required by an even fan and an odd fan, and then we construct optimum sum labelling for the graphs to prove: [Formula: see text]
Chronic intermittent hypoxia impairs diuretic and natriuretic responses to volume expansion in rats with preserved low-pressure baroreflex control of the kidney
Authors: AlMarabeh Sara , O’Neill Julie , Cavers Jeremy , Lucking Eric F. , O’Halloran Ken D. , Abdulla Mohammed H.
Published: November 2020

We examined the effects of exposure to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) on baroreflex control of renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and renal excretory responses to volume expansion (VE) before and after intrarenal transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) blockade by capsaizepine (CPZ). Male Wistar rats were exposed to 96 cycles of hypoxia per day for 14 days (CIH) or normoxia. Urine flow and absolute Na+ excretion during VE were less in CIH-exposed rats, but the progressive decrease in RSNA during VE was preserved. Assessment of the high-pressure baroreflex revealed an increase in the operating and response range of RSNA and decreased slope in CIH-exposed rats with substantial hypertension [+19 mmHg basal mean arterial pressure (MAP)] but not in a second cohort with modest hypertension (+12 mmHg). Intrarenal CPZ caused diuresis, natriuresis, and a reduction in MAP in sham-exposed (sham) and CIH-exposed rats. After intrarenal CPZ, diuretic and natriuretic responses to VE in CIH-exposed rats were equivalent to those of sham rats. TRPV1 expression in the renal pelvic wall was similar in both experimental groups. Exposure to CIH did not elicit glomerular hypertrophy, renal inflammation, or oxidative stress. We conclude that exposure to CIH 1) does not impair the low-pressure baroreflex control of RSNA; 2) has modest effects on the high-pressure baroreflex control of RSNA, most likely indirectly due to hypertension; 3) can elicit hypertension in the absence of kidney injury; and 4) impairs diuretic and natriuretic responses to fluid overload. Our results suggest that exposure to CIH causes renal dysfunction, which may be relevant to obstructive sleep apnea.
Comparative Safety and Efficacy of Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion with the Watchman Device and Amplatzer Cardiac Plug: Results of the Russian National Registry
Authors: Davtyan Karapet , Simonyan Georgiy , Topchyan Arpi , Kalemberg Andrey , Romanov Alexander , Shabanov Vitaliy , Lebedev Dmitriy , Gureev Sergey , Miller Yulia , Merkulov Evgeniy , Pevzner Dmitry , Mozgovoy Pavel , Ufimtsev Vladimir , Boytsov Sergey , Drapkina Oksana
Published: November 2020

Purpose. This multicenter, prospective registry evaluated the comparative safety and efficacy of left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) using the Watchman device (WD) and the Amplatzer Cardiac Plug (ACP) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) in real‐world clinical practice in Russia. Methods. The study included data from 200 consecutive NVAF patients (66.8 ± 7.8 years, 44.5% female, median CHA2DS2VASc 4, median HAS‐BLED 3) who had undergone LAAO implantation using WD (n = 108) or ACP (n = 92) from September 2015 to December 2017 in 5 medical centers in Russia. The primary safety endpoint was the procedure‐related major adverse events, and the primary efficacy endpoint was the composite of thromboembolic events, device thrombosis, hemorrhagic events, and unexplained death during the 12‐month follow‐up. Results. Successful LAAO was performed in all 92 (100%) patients with ACP and 105 (97.2%) with WD (p = 0.053). At 12 months, primary safety endpoint occurred in 6.5% of patients in the ACP group with no events in the WD group (6.5% vs. 0%, p = 0.008). During the 12‐month follow‐up, the primary efficacy endpoint has occurred in 8.3% of patients in the WD group (n = 9) and 1.1% of patients in the ACP group (n = 1) (p = 0.016). Conclusions. In this multicenter prospective registry, LAA closure with the WD was associated with significantly higher thromboembolic events rate in NVAF patients. Patients, receiving the ACP, had more procedure‐related major adverse events. However, further multicenter studies are necessary to evaluate these findings.
Prediction of Fluid Responsiveness by Stroke Volume Variation in Children Undergoing Fontan Operation
Authors: Song Yun’an , Hou Huiyan , Bai Jie , Gu Hongbin
Published: November 2020

Background. Fontan operation is a palliative medical procedure performed on children with single‐ventricle defects. As postoperative success of the procedure largely depends on the preload volume, it is necessary to maintain an appropriate pressure gradient between the systemic vein and the left atrium to ensure the effective volume of systemic circulation. However, there is a lack of effective indexes to evaluate fluid responsiveness in Fontan patients. Stroke volume variation (SVV) is a dynamic hemodynamic parameter based on cardiopulmonary interaction in mechanical ventilation. This study is aimed at validating the sensitivity and specificity of SVV and central venous pressure (CVP) in assessing the fluid responsiveness of Fontan patients. Method. Sixty‐four children with single ventricle who underwent modified Fontan operation between May 2018 and January 2020 were included in this study. Patients were administered 10 ml·kg-1 albumin for fluid challenge within 10 min after cardiopulmonary bypass. Before and after fluid challenge, the invasive arterial pressure module was connected to MostCare™ equipment to collect the cardiac index (CI) and SVV dynamically in a time window of 30 s at a frequency of 1000 Hz. According to the range of CI change, patients with ΔCI ≥ 15% were classified into the responder (R) group and those with ΔCI < 15% into the nonresponder (NR) group. Using SVV and CVP as indicators, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the patients was established, and the area under curve (AUC), diagnostic threshold, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated. Results. The SVV values were 16.28% (25th and 75th percentiles 14.17%‐19.24%) and 13.68% (25th and 75th percentiles 12.90%‐15.89%) before and after fluid challenge treatment in responders, respectively, and the values were 18.60 ± 1.83 mmHg before and 20.20 ± 2.39 mmHg for CVP after treatment. The AUC of SVV was 0.74 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54‐0.94, P < 0.05), and the cutoff value was 16%, offering a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 91.7%. Meanwhile, the AUC of CVP was 0.70 (95% CI 0.50‐0.92, P > 0.05), and the cutoff value was 19.5 mmHg, offering a sensitivity of 58% and a specificity of 76%. Conclusion. SVV exhibited a good predictive value for fluid responsiveness in pediatric Fontan patients. Appropriate fluid therapy according to SVV could improve the cardiac function of such patients. Trial registration. This study was registered in Chinese Clinical Trail Registry on Jan 26, 2018. Registration number is ChiCTR1800014654. Registry URL is http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=25019. This observational prospective study was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SCMCIRB‐K2017035).
On the Complex Oscillation of Meromorphic Solutions of Nonhomogeneous Linear Differential Equations with Meromorphic Coefficients
Authors: Chen Chuang-Xin , Cui Ning , Chen Zong-Xuan
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we study the higher order differential equation

f

k

+
B
f
=
H

, where

B

is a rational function, having a pole at

∞

of order

n
>
0

, and

H

≡

0

is a meromorphic function with finite order, and obtain some properties related to the order and zeros of its meromorphic solutions.
miR-106a-5p Functions as a Tumor Suppressor by Targeting VEGFA in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ma Jun , Wang Wenguang , Azhati Baihetiya , Wang Yujie , Tusong Hamulati
Published: November 2020

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate progression of different cancers. Nevertheless, there is limited information regarding the role of miR-106a-5p in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Herein, we demonstrate that miR-106a-5p levels are drastically decreased in clear cell RCC (ccRCC) tissues and cell lines, which subsequently contribute to a poor patient overall survival and a high tumor stage. By screening and analyzing, we found that miR-106a-5p directly targets the 3

′

-UTR of the VEGFA mRNA and led to a decrease in VEGFA. This process is important for tumor cells’ growth and colony formation, and overexpression of miR-106a-5p can especially kill kidney tumor cells. Therefore, our data reveal that miR-106a-5p functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating VEGFA and ccRCC may be susceptible to miR-106a-5p therapy.
Performance Analysis of Decentralized VS Centralized Control for the Traffic Signal Synchronization Problem
Authors: Adacher Ludovica , Tiriolo Marco
Published: November 2020

This paper suggests the adoption of a spatial decomposition method to solve the signal synchronization problem. A good signal setting maximizes the number of vehicles passing through intersections, while minimizing gas emissions and possible delays experienced by drivers. The signals synchronization issue can be defined as the problem of finding the offsets, the green timings, and the cycle length for a series of controlled intersections, minimizing the total delay of the network subject to admissibility constraints. In this paper, the authors optimized the signal setting through a new Surrogate Method calculating the objective function via the

CTM

UT

model while performing a simulation. A spatial decomposition approach is here suggested with a simultaneous analysis of different levels of cooperation among subnetworks. This study tries to identify a subnetwork that might be representative of the entire network while taking into consideration two factors: efficiency and efficacy. A comparison between centralized and decentralized control is performed.
FDA Approval Summary: Alpelisib Plus Fulvestrant for Patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative, PIK3CA-mutated, Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Narayan Preeti , Prowell Tatiana M. , Gao Jennifer J. , Fernandes Laura L. , Li Emily , Jiang Xiling , Qiu Junshan , Fan Jianghong , Song Pengfei , Yu Jingyu , Zhang Xinyuan , King-Kallimanis Bellinda L. , Chen Wei , Ricks Tiffany K. , Gong Yutao , Wang Xing , Windsor Katherine , Rhieu Steve Y. , Geiser Gerlie , Banerjee Anamitro , Chen Xiaohong , Reyes Turcu Francisca , Chatterjee Deb K. , Pathak Anand , Seidman Jeffrey , Ghosh Soma , Philip Reena , Goldberg Kirsten B. , Kluetz Paul G. , Tang Shenghui , Amiri-Kordestani Laleh , Theoret Marc R. , Pazdur Richard , Beaver Julia A.
Published: November 2020

On May 24, 2019, the FDA granted regular approval to alpelisib in combination with fulvestrant for postmenopausal women, and men, with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA)-mutated, advanced or metastatic breast cancer as detected by an FDA-approved test following progression on or after an endocrine-based regimen. Approval was based on the SOLAR-1 study, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of alpelisib plus fulvestrant versus placebo plus fulvestrant. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS) per RECIST v1.1 in the cohort of trial participants whose tumors had a PIK3CA mutation. The estimated median PFS by investigator assessment in the alpelisib plus fulvestrant arm was 11 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 7.5–14.5] compared with 5.7 months (95% CI, 3.7–7.4) in the placebo plus fulvestrant arm (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.50–0.85; two-sided P = 0.001). The median overall survival was not yet reached for the alpelisib plus fulvestrant arm (95% CI, 28.1–NE) and was 26.9 months (95% CI, 21.9–NE) for the fulvestrant control arm. No PFS benefit was observed in trial participants whose tumors did not have a PIK3CA mutation (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.58–1.25). The most common adverse reactions, including laboratory abnormalities, on the alpelisib plus fulvestrant arm were increased glucose, increased creatinine, diarrhea, rash, decreased lymphocyte count, increased gamma glutamyl transferase, nausea, increased alanine aminotransferase, fatigue, decreased hemoglobin, increased lipase, decreased appetite, stomatitis, vomiting, decreased weight, decreased calcium, decreased glucose, prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, and alopecia.
Metabolomics of Prostate Cancer Gleason Score in Tumor Tissue and Serum
Authors: Penney Kathryn L. , Tyekucheva Svitlana , Rosenthal Jacob , El Fandy Habiba , Carelli Ryan , Borgstein Stephanie , Zadra Giorgia , Fanelli Giuseppe Nicolò , Stefanizzi Lavinia , Giunchi Francesca , Pomerantz Mark , Peisch Samuel , Coulson Hannah , Lis Rosina , Kibel Adam S. , Fiorentino Michelangelo , Umeton Renato , Loda Massimo
Published: November 2020

Gleason score, a measure of prostate tumor differentiation, is the strongest predictor of lethal prostate cancer at the time of diagnosis. Metabolomic profiling of tumor and of patient serum could identify biomarkers of aggressive disease and lead to the development of a less-invasive assay to perform active surveillance monitoring. Metabolomic profiling of prostate tissue and serum samples was performed. Metabolite levels and metabolite sets were compared across Gleason scores. Machine learning algorithms were trained and tuned to predict transformation or differentiation status from metabolite data. A total of 135 metabolites were significantly different (Padjusted < 0.05) in tumor versus normal tissue, and pathway analysis identified one sugar metabolism pathway (Padjusted = 0.03). Machine learning identified profiles that predicted tumor versus normal tissue (AUC of 0.82 ± 0.08). In tumor tissue, 25 metabolites were associated with Gleason score (unadjusted P < 0.05), 4 increased in high grade while the remainder were enriched in low grade. While pyroglutamine and 1,5-anhydroglucitol were correlated (0.73 and 0.72, respectively) between tissue and serum from the same patient, no metabolites were consistently associated with Gleason score in serum. Previously reported as well as novel metabolites with differing abundance were identified across tumor tissue. However, a “metabolite signature” for Gleason score was not obtained. This may be due to study design and analytic challenges that future studies should consider.

Implications:

Metabolic profiling can distinguish benign and neoplastic tissues. A novel unsupervised machine learning method can be utilized to achieve this distinction.
Neuropsychiatric Aspects in a Patient Diagnosed with Corticobasal Degeneration: Clinical Case of Low Incidence and Prevalence in Colombia
Authors: Hurtado González Carlos Alberto , Piedrahita Carolina , Vivas Álzate Diana , García Borrero Juan José , Marmolejo Escobar Carlos Steven , Ospina Otalvaro Sebastián , Arango Pablo Miguel , Gutiérrez Lenis Paola Andrea , Varela Daniela Díaz , Molano Estela López , Allin Ramírez Danny Vanesa , Rinco Ausberto , Sánchez Juanita , Hernández Viviana ,   Researcher Team on Basic and Applied Clinical Neurosciences SEMINEC,   Researcher Team on Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Libre University Cali Colombia CINEPSIS
Published: November 2020

Corticobasal degeneration (CBD) is a pathology of low incidence and prevalence worldwide; it is accompanied by symptoms such as dystonia, rigid akinetic syndrome (bradykinesia), gait disturbances, neurological deterioration associated with severe cortical subcortical atrophy, and progressive to moderate to severe neurocognitive deficits, especially in immediate verbal memory and dorsolateral or dysexecutive syndrome. We identified neurocognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric symptoms in a patient diagnosed with CBD. Participant was a 70-year-old female patient, single; she presented progressive memory loss of an immediate verbal nature. Initially, she was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and Lewy body dementia, finding that she had no characteristic signs and symptoms of these pathologies. The patient presented conciliation insomnia, gait disturbances, and severe neurocognitive deficit, especially in executive functions, immediate verbal memory, and visuospatial functioning. It was found that the patient presented neurocognitive alterations of the executive type (frontal lobe) such as decision making, planning, inhibition and operative memory, correlated with a severe alteration in her basic, instrumental and advanced activities of daily life, with a high risk factor for developing dementia. It is necessary to diagnose in an assertive and timely manner in order to generate functional neurorehabilitation plans in people diagnosed with CBD, with the main objective of positively impacting quality of life, at the individual, family, and social level.
Comparison of the Themes of Malaysian Friday Sermons between the Year 2010 and 2015
Authors: ‘Aasim Asyafi’ie bin Ahmad Muhammad , Bin Harun Mokhtar , Inayat binti Khalid Puspa , Ibrahim Shapiai Mohd , Najib bin Ibrahim Md. , Zaleha Abdul Hamid Siti
Published: November 2020

One of the analyses used in the field of corpus linguistics is comparing the word occurrence from different text corpora. This technique can be used to identify how a certain discipline change over time through text analysis. In this study, the changes of the context of Malaysian Friday sermons are investigated. The text corpus was developed by taking the Friday sermons spoken in Kuala Lumpur mosques in the year 2015. A total of 52 sermons were used for the text corpus because there are a total of 52 Friday sermons in a year. The Malay text corpus was constructed by using PHP and MySQL, and only the top words spoken were inserted into the text corpus. This text corpus is then compared with a previously developed text corpus from 2010 Friday sermons. The new text corpus overlapped with the old text corpus by 82%. Analysis also shows the difference of semantic between 2010 and 2015 Friday sermons.
Abstract 151: Barriers and Opportunities for a Drone-Delivered AED Network in Durham, North Carolina
Authors: Starks Monique A , Sperling Jessica , Cardenas Amy , Blewer Audrey L , Sharpe Edward , Buckland Daniel M , Joiner Anjni , Zegre-Hemsey Jessica , Mark Daniel B
Published: November 2020

Background:
The general public is unfamiliar with the concept of medical drones delivering life-saving technologies. Our research sought to define stakeholder attitudes towards development of drone-based emergency care for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Methods:
Using qualitative methodology, we explored key stakeholder attitudes about using a drone to deliver automated external defibrillators (AED), challenges and facilitators to early establishment of a drone AED network, implementation considerations, and factors related to long-term sustainability. We identified 22 key individuals as potential respondents based on professional position; 16 respondents participated in data collection. Research participants included leaders in government, healthcare, emergency services, business, community, and the aviation industry (regulation and drone operation). Interview data were recorded and transcribed; data were analyzed using NVivo. A coding schema was developed based on constructs identified in previous literature and inductive consideration of this study’s data, including both thematic and descriptive coding.

Results:
We found broad support for a drone-delivered AED network. Such a network was perceived as valuable for reduced response times and for enhanced access to hard-to-reach areas. Identified challenges included operationalizing an autonomous drone AED network, privacy and safety concerns, current legal and regulatory requirements, financial liabilities, public buy-in and concern for public actually using an AED, and the need for research on treatment and cost- effectiveness of a drone network. Facilitators of development for a drone AED network included solidifying key partnerships (including integration into current EMS or fire services), identifying viable funding from private and public entities, and learning from existing drone models (e.g. commercial package or medical supply delivery).

Conclusion:
This study found general and conceptual support for the development of a drone network for AED delivery across key informants from an array of related fields. Such information should be considered in developing a regional drone AED network.
Nationwide Analysis of Endovascular Thrombectomy Provider Specialization for Acute Stroke
Authors: Stein Laura K. , Tuhrim Stanley , Jette Nathalie , Fifi Johanna , Mocco J , Dhamoon Mandip S.
Published: November 2020

Background and Purpose:

Determine the extent of cerebrovascular expertise among the specialties of proceduralists providing endovascular thrombectomy (ET) for emergent large vessel occlusion stroke in the modern era of acute stroke among Medicare beneficiaries

Methods:

Retrospective cohort study using validated
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision
, Clinical Modification codes to identify admissions with acute ischemic stroke and treatment with ET. We identified proceduralist specialty by linking the National Provider Identifier provided by Medicare to the specialty listed in the National Provider Identifier database, grouping into radiology, neurology, neurosurgery, other surgical, and internal medicine. We calculated the number of proceduralists and hospitals who performed ET, ET team specialty composition by hospital, and number of proceduralists who performed ET at multiple hospitals.

Results:

Forty-two percent (n=5612) of ET were performed by radiology-background proceduralists, with unclear knowledge of how many were cerebrovascular specialists. Neurosurgery- and neurology-background interventionalists performed fewer but substantial numbers of cases, accounting for 24% (n=3217) and 23% (n=3124) of total cases, respectively. ET teams included a neurology- or neurosurgery-background proceduralist at 65% (n=407) of hospitals that performed ET and included both in 26% (n=160) of teams.

Conclusions:

Almost two-thirds of ET teams nationwide include a neurology- or neurosurgery-background proceduralist and higher volume centers in urban areas were more likely to have neurology- or neurosurgery-background proceduralists with cerebrovascular expertise on their team. It is unclear how many radiology-background interventionalists are cerebrovascular specialists versus generalists. Significant work remains to be done to understand the impact of proceduralist specialty, training, and cerebrovascular expertise on ET outcomes.
Anomalous Dynamics of QBO Disruptions Explained by 1D Theory with External Triggering
Authors: Match Aaron , Fueglistaler Stephan
Published: November 2020

The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is an alternating, descending pattern of zonal winds in the tropical stratosphere with a period averaging 28 months. The QBO was disrupted in 2016, and arguably again in 2020, by the formation of an anomalous easterly shear zone, and unprecedented stagnation and ascent of shear zones aloft. Several mechanisms have been implicated in causing the 2016 disruption, most notably triggering by horizontal eddy momentum flux divergence, but also anomalous upwelling and wave stress. In this paper, the 1D theory of the QBO is used to show how seemingly disparate features of disruptions follow directly from the dynamics of the QBO response to triggering. The perturbed QBO is interpreted using a heuristic version of the 1D model, which establishes that 1) stagnation of shear zones aloft resulted from wave dissipation in the shear zone formed by the triggering, and 2) ascent of shear zones aloft resulted from climatological upwelling advecting the stagnant shear zones. Obstacles remain in the theory of triggering. In the 1D theory, the phasing of the triggering is key to determining the response, but the dependence on magnitude is less steep. Yet in MERRA-2, there are triggering events only 20% weaker than the 2016 triggering and equal to the 2020 triggering that did not lead to disruptions. Complicating matters further, MERRA-2 has record-large analysis tendencies during the 2016 disruption, reducing confidence in the resolved momentum budget.
Mapping Altimetry in the Forthcoming SWOT Era by Back-and-Forth Nudging a One-Layer Quasigeostrophic Model
Authors: Le Guillou Florian , Metref Sammy , Cosme Emmanuel , Ubelmann Clément , Ballarotta Maxime , Le Sommer Julien , Verron Jacques
Published: November 2020

During the past 25 years, altimetric observations of the ocean surface from space have been mapped to provide two dimensional sea surface height (SSH) fields that are crucial for scientific research and operational applications. The SSH fields can be reconstructed from conventional altimetric data using temporal and spatial interpolation. For instance, the standard Developing Use of Altimetry for Climate Studies (DUACS) products are created with an optimal interpolation method that is effective for both low temporal and low spatial resolution. However, the upcoming next-generation SWOT mission will provide very high spatial resolution but with low temporal resolution. The present paper makes the case that this temporal–spatial discrepancy induces the need for new advanced mapping techniques involving information on the ocean dynamics. An algorithm is introduced, dubbed the BFN-QG, that uses a simple data assimilation method, the back-and-forth nudging (BNF), to interpolate altimetric data while respecting quasigeostrophic (QG) dynamics. The BFN-QG is tested in an observing system simulation experiments and compared to the DUACS products. The experiments consider as reference the high-resolution numerical model simulation NATL60 from which are produced realistic data: four conventional altimetric nadirs and SWOT data. In a combined nadirs and SWOT scenario, the BFN-QG substantially improves the mapping by reducing the root-mean-square errors and increasing the spectral effective resolution by 40 km. Also, the BFN-QG method can be adapted to combine large-scale corrections from nadir data and small-scale corrections from SWOT data so as to reduce the impact of SWOT correlated noises and still provide accurate SSH maps.
TIPS: Time-aware Personalised Semantic-based query auto-completion
Authors: Tahery Saedeh , Farzi Saeed
Published: November 2020

With the rapid growth of the Internet, search engines play vital roles in meeting the users’ information needs. However, formulating information needs to simple queries for canonical users is a problem yet. Therefore, query auto-completion, which is one of the most important characteristics of the search engines, is leveraged to provide a ranked list of queries matching the user’s entered prefix. Although query auto-completion utilises useful information provided by search engine logs, time-, semantic- and context-aware features are still important resources of extra knowledge. Specifically, in this study, a hybrid query auto-completion system called TIPS ( Time-aware Personalised Semantic-based query auto-completion) is introduced to combine the well-known systems performing based on popularity and neural language model. Furthermore, this system is supplemented by time-aware features that blend both context and semantic information in a collaborative manner. Experimental studies on the standard AOL dataset are conducted to compare our proposed system with state-of-the-art methods, that is, FactorCell, ConcatCell and Unadapted. The results illustrate the significant superiorities of TIPS in terms of mean reciprocal rank (MRR), especially for short-length prefixes.
Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma accompanied by hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy in a non-epidemic region: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhu Ning , Lin Shanhong , Xu Ning , Chen Lei , Piao Zhenghua , Cao Chao
Published: November 2020

Pulmonary lymphatic epithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) is a rare and unique subtype, accounting for 0.9% of all lung cancers. To date, just over 200 cases have been reported worldwide. The Epstein–Barr virus plays a role in the pathogenesis of LELC. Most patients are from East Asia, especially southeastern China. Chest computed tomography mainly shows a single lump or nodule around the lung. In this article, we report a 49-year-old male patient from a non-epidemic area who was hospitalized for “intermittent blood in his phlegm for more than 4 months”. Imaging revealed two nodules in the left lower lobe of his lung. Transbronchial lung biopsy was performed on one of the nodules, and he was diagnosed with primary LELC. Single-photon emission computed tomography revealed that he had hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy, which is a rare symptom of paraneoplastic syndrome. Because the preoperative evaluation considered early-stage disease, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for the left lower lobe and mediastinal lymph node dissection were performed. Both lesions were eventually diagnosed as LELC. Fortunately, lymph node metastasis did not occur, and he did not receive other postoperative treatments. He was followed up for 1 year, and no recurrence was found.
Concurrent unity power factor and constant mutual flux control for PMSG-WT MPPT
Authors: Elsonbaty Nadia A , Enany Mohamed A , Elymany Mahmoud
Published: November 2020

In this paper, a new concurrent unity power factor and constant stator flux linkage (UPF-CFL) control is presented. The main goal of this technique is to introduce the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) as an optimal wind energy transducer. The handled generator load angle and back EMF control achieve the optimum requirements for wind applications namely Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). To do this, both UPF and CFL are integrated into one control methodology to obtain the advantages of each one. While the first well utilizes the apparent power increasing the generator side converter capability, the second protects the generator against magnetic saturation to enable higher speed operation. Mathematical model based on constant current fed equivalent circuit is presented taking the constraints of each individual control algorithm into account. The concurrent performance characteristics are presented and compared with each of concurrent separated algorithm characteristics for assessments. The control technique is implemented and finally, simulation testing is provided for evaluation.
Optimum time-energy-jerk trajectory planning for serial robotic manipulators by reparameterized quintic NURBS curves
Authors: Wu Guanglei , Zhao Wenkang , Zhang Xuping
Published: November 2020

This paper deals with the trajectory planning for serial robotic manipulators passing through key points by minimizing execution time, energy consumption and joint jerks. Quintic NURBS curves are adopted to fit the trajectory, of which the trajectory is reparameterized with respect to time for generation of geometric path and motion laws, aiming at continuity of the robot velocity, acceleration and jerk. A trajectory planning approach for optimum robot performance is proposed by solving a multi-objective optimization problem to attain optimal curve parameters and distributed execution time along curve segments simultaneously. The proposed technique of trajectory planning is numerically illustrated with a robotic arm and evaluated by experimental measurements. The comparison of total execution time and joint dynamics with/without variables optimization shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Variable intake manifold geometry influence on volumetric efficiency enhancement at gaseous engine starting speeds
Authors: Jemni Mohamed Ali , HadjKacem Sahar , Ammar Mariem , Saaidia Rafaa , Brayek Mohamed , Abid Mohamed Salah
Published: November 2020

This paper studied the effect of variable intake length manifold on filling and volumetric efficiency at starting engine speeds using numerical and experimental process. The investigation is based on acoustic supercharging phenomenon. For this purpose, 1-D engine gas-flow model was developed and optimum intake lengths for several low engine speeds were determined using acoustic theory based-resolution. Using the method of characteristics, pressure waves were predicted at the end of intake line length (intake valve level) in order to test the dynamic inertial supercharging phenomena. The quarter-wave resonator technique was taken into consideration to explore the inlet pressure pulsations. Simulations of pressure wave propagation were achieved during intake stroke and intake valve closed phase. Simulation predictions confirmed the analytically calculated optimum intake length. Numerical investigations were carried out on five in-cylinder flow moving through intake system; air, air-gasoline, air-LPG, air-H2 and air-LPG-H2 blend. The percentages of supplied hydrogen with LPG were 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% in volume.

To experimentally validate the analytical founded lengths, an instrumented cold-flow four cylinder Ford SI engine test bench was prepared. Flow through variable intake length manifold was analyzed. Geometry variation was performed on the plenum length. Three engine low speeds are tested; 500 rpm, 750 rpm and 1000 rpm. The experiment results showed an in-cylinder velocity increase by about 60%, 58% and 48% using the optimal intake length at 500 rpm, 750 rpm and 1000 rpm respectively. Furthermore, the collected data proves that varying intake pipe length continuously with the engine speed leads to an average of 39.7% improvement in volumetric efficiency from the original engine configuration at 1000 rpm.