bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEBUTUHAN PERAWATAN ORTHODONSI BERDASARKAN INDEX OF ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT NEED PADA SISWA SMP NEGERI 1 TARERAN
Authors: Wilar Liefany Anastasia , Rattu A. J. M. , Mariati Ni Wayan
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Malocclusion according to World Health Organization (WHO) is a defect or functional distruption that can be a hampered to a physical and emotional health from patient who needs treatment. The aim of this study is to know the needs of orthodontic treatment of students in SMPN 1 Tareran ages 13-14 years old according to IOTN. Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need consisted of two parts which are Aesthetic Component (AC) and Dental Health Component (DHC). This is a descriptive study, has done in SMPN 1 Tareran Rumoong village on March 2014. The population of this study is all the students of SMPN 1 Tareran ages 13-14 years old totaled 155 students and only 61 students included in the sampling frame. These sample observed using AC and DHC according to IOTN. The result of the study showed that according to AC (73,77%) don’t need treatment or need minor treatment, (22,95%) need a borderline treatment and (3,28%) really need treatment. According to DHC (16,39%) don’t need treatment or need minor treatment, (18,04%) need a borderline treatment and (65,57%) really need treatment. Keywords: Malocclusion, Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need, Aesthetic Component, Dental Health Component.     Abstrak: Maloklusi menurut World Health Organization (WHO) adalah cacat atau gangguan fungsional yang dapat menjadi hambatan bagi kesehatan fisik maupun emosional dari pasien yang memerlukan perawatan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kebutuhan perawatan orthodonsi siswa SMP Negeri 1 Tareran usia 13-14 tahun berdasarkan IOTN. Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need terdiri dari dua bagian yaitu Aesthetic Component (AC) dan Dental Health Component (DHC). Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, dilakukan di SMP Negeri 1 Tareran desa Rumoong pada bulan Maret 2014. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa SMP Negeri 1 Tareran usia 13-14 tahun yang berjumlah 155 siswa dan hanya 61 siswa yang termasuk dalam sampling frame. Sampel kemudian diperiksa menggunakan AC dan DHC berdasarkan IOTN. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan AC (73,77%) tidak atau butuh perawatan ringan, (22,95%) butuh perawatan borderline dan (3,28%) sangat butuh perawatan. Berdasarkan DHC (16,39%) tidak atau butuh perawatan ringan, (18,04%) butuh perawatan borderline dan (65,57%) sangat butuh perawatan. Kata kunci: Maloklusi, Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need, Aesthetic Component, Dental Health Component.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN STAIN GIGI PADA PEROKOK DI KELURAHAN BAHU LINGKUNGAN V
Authors: Sinaga Christina Putri Amin , Lampus B. S. , Mariati Ni Wayan
Published: July 2019

Abstract: The stain is a pigmented deposits in the teeth surface and is one of the aesthetic problem. Smooking increaces one factor contributing to the occutence of multiple disordersin in the oral cavity, one of which can cause tooth stain on the tooth surface. The habit of smooking cigarettes include the type, duration of smooking and number of cigarettes smoked a day. The purpose of this study to determine the knowledge of stain teeth in smokers in kelurahan Bahu lingkungan V. This is a descriptive study with cross-sectional approach. The research instrumen used was a questionnaire containing some questions about stain teeth. The result is 25 of the subject (29,4%) have a good knowledge, 39 of the subject (45,9%)enough knowledge and 21 of the subject (24,7%) poor knowledge. Based on this study, the are some suggestions, one of it is to keep the good knowledge and reduce smooking to prevent the foemation of tooth stain on tooth surface. Keywords: stain of the teeth, knowledge, smoker.     Abstrak: Stain gigi adalah deposit berpigmen pada permukaan gigi dan merupakan salah satu masalah estetik. Kebiasaan merokok meningkatkan salah satu faktor penyebab terjadinya beberapa kelainan di rongga mulut, salah satunya dapat menimbulkan stain gigi pada permukaan gigi. Kebiasaan merokok meliputi jenis rokok, lama merokok dan jumlah rokok yang dihisap per hari. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengetahuan tentang stain gigi pada perokok di kelurahan Bahu lingkungan V. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan ialah kuesioner yang berisi tentang beberapa pertanyaan tentang stain gigi. Hasilnya ialah sebanyak 25 responden (29,4%) mempunyai pengetahuan baik, 39 responden (45,9%) mempunyai pengetahuan cukup dan 21 responden (24,7%) mempunyai pengetahuan kurang. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, terdapat beberapa hal yang disarankan antara lain mempertahankan pengetahuan yang sudah cukup baik dan mengurangi kebiasaan merokok agar tidak terjadinya pembentukan stain gigi pada permukaan gigi. Kata kunci: Stain gigi, pengetahuan, perokok.
GAMBARAN PENGGUNAAN MATERIAL RESTORASI SEMEN IONOMER KACA DI POLI GIGI RUMAH SAKIT BHAYANGKARA MANADO
Authors: Sarjono Myrtle Irene , Wicaksono Dinar A. , Pangemanan Damayanti H. C.
Published: July 2019

Abstrak: Kesehatan gigi dapat terganggu oleh adanya karies. Gigi yang karies dapat dikembalikan fungsinya dengan cara membuang jaringan karies dan merestorasinya dengan material restorasi. Salah satu material restorasi yang digunakan di Poli Gigi RS Bhayangkara Manado ialah Semen ionomer kaca (SIK). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan material restorasi SIK di Poli Gigi RS Bhayangkara Manado tahun 2011 – 2013 berdasarkan waktu penumpatan, usia pasien, regio gigi dan jenis kelamin. Desain penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 55 rekam medik dan 67 tindakan. Berdasarkan waktu penumpatan, pada tahun 2011 terdapat 11 penumpatan dan mengalami peningkatan pada tahun 2012 menjadi 17 penumpatan dan tahun 2013 menjadi 39 penumpatan. Distribusi frekuensi usia berdasarkan waktu penumpatan, pasien usia dewasa lebih banyak terdapat penumpatan dibanding kelompok umur lainnya. Frekuensi regio gigi berdasarkan tahun restorasi didapatkan hasil penumpatan paling banyak pada posterior. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, jumlah penumpatan paling banyak pada jenis kelamin perempuan dibanding laki-laki. Kata kunci: Semen ionomer kaca, material restorasi, RS Bhayangkara Manado   Abstract: Dental health can be damage by the caries. Dental caries can be restored by removing carious tissue and restore it with restoration materials.One of the restorative material that used in Poly Dental of Manado Bhayangkara Hospital is Glass ionomer cement (GIC). The purpose of this research is to describe the use of restorative material GIC at Poly Dental of Manado Bhayangkara Hospital years 2011 – 2013, based on years of restoration, age, dental regions and gender.This research is a descriptive research that used cross sectional approach. The study sample number is 55 medical record and 67 action. Based on the time of fillings, in 2011 there were 11 fillings. It increased in 2012 to 17 fillings and in 2013 to 39 dental fillings. The frequency distribution of age base on years of restoration, adult patients get more fillings than other age groups. The frequency of dental regions based on years restoration show that teeth fillings most occur in posterior. By gender, the number of teeth fillings most occur in the female than male. Keywords: Glass ionomer cement, restorative materials, Manado Bhayangkara Hospital
Hubungan Nilai Carcinoembryonic Antigen dengan Kejadian Metastasis Karsinoma Kolorektal di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado
Authors: Maradjabessy Fahrizal , Kalesaran Laurens , Kalitouw Ferry , Sapan Heber
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a tumor marker which has been used worldwide as an indicator of recurrency after treatment and prognosis but not for preoperative diagnosis. This study was aimed to obtain the correlation between CEA level and the metastasis of colorectal cancer. This was an analytical correlational study. Population and samples were patients with colorectal cancer that fulfilled the inclusion criteria at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from January 2015 through December 2016. Data were analyzed with point-biserial correlation coefficient. There were 55 patients with colorectal cancer in this study. The incidence of colorectal cancer was higher in 2016 (37 patients). Most of them were males (63.3%), had colorectal cancer in the rectum (47.3%), and CEA level above normal (98.1%). As many as 36 patients with CEA level above normal had no metastasis. Of 18 patients with metastasis, the most were in liver, followed by lungs and bones. There were 9 patients with CEA level >1000 μg/dl; all had metastasis. The statistical analysis showed a rpb of 0.634 (P < 0.01). The mean level of CEA in patients with metastasis (541.82 μg) was much higher than of them without metastasis (60.19 μg). Conclusion: There was a strong and significant correlation between CEA level and metastasis.Keywords: colorectal cancer, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), metastasisAbstrak: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) merupakan salah satu tumor marker yang sudah banyak digunakan secara luas. Saat ini pemeriksaan CEA diangggap berguna untuk indikator faktor rekurensi setelah diterapi dan prognostik, namun kemampuan diagnostik CEA preoperasi masih sangat kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara CEA dengan kejadian metastasis karsinoma kolorektal. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik korelatif. Populasi dan sampel ialah semua pasien karsinoma kolorektal yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado mulai bulan Januari 2015 sampai Desember 2016. Analisis data menggunakan analisis koefisien korelasi point biserial. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 55 pasien karsinoma kolorektal dengan insiden terbanyak pada tahun 2016 (37 pasien). Terbanyak ditemukan ialah letak karsinoma kolerektal pada daerah rektum (47,3%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (63,3%), dan kadar CEA di atas normal (98,1%). Sebanyak 36 pasien dengan nilai CEA di atas normal tanpa metastasis dan 18 pasien dengan metastasis terbanyak di hati, kemudian paru, dan tulang. Terdapat 9 pasien dengan nilai CEA >1000 μg/dl; kesemuanya mengalami metastasis. Uji statistik mendapatkan rpb = 0,634 dengan P < 0,01. Nilai rerata CEA pada pasien dengan metastasis jauh lebih tinggi (541,82 μg) dibandingkan dengan nilai rerata pada pasien tanpa metastasis (60,19 μg). Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang kuat dan bermakna antara CEA dengan metastasis.Kata kunci: karsinoma kolorektal, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), metastasis
Dermal Filler
Authors: Mawu Ferra O.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Dermal filler is a non-surgical procedure to improve facial volume or the anatomy of other parts of the body. It is also a rejuvenate therapy to achieve a younger appearance. Besides that, the need of lipodystrophy therapy is increasing. There are several types of fillers with their superiorities and inferiorities; therefore, it is pretty difficult to determine and choose the ideal filler. Dermal fillers vary in duration of therapeutic effect, filler technique, filler origin, and their physical properties. To date, there is no perfect filler so far. An ideal filler must be non-allergenic, non-carcinogenic, non-teratogenic, as well as has achievable cost and long acting effect. In case that dermal filler is therapeutical indicated, good preparation of doctor and patient is essentially needed. Consultation and information have to cover the therapy indication, filler technique, filler limitation, side effects, outcome, cost, and informed consent. As the other cosmetic procedures, to achieve optimal satis-faction, the doctor must be able to provide effective communication to the patient before and after the dermal filler therapy.Keywords: dermal fillerAbstrak: Dermal filler adalah prosedur non-bedah untuk penambahan volume wajah atau anatomi tubuh lainnya. Prosedur ini juga merupakan salah satu terapi rejuvenasi yang bertujuan untuk tampilan lebih muda. Selain itu, kebutuhan untuk terapi lipodistrofi juga makin meningkat. Terdapat berbagai jenis filler dengan keunggulan dan kekurangaood prepnnya masing-masing, sehingga agak sulit menentukan atau memilih produk filler yang ideal. Dermal filler bervariasi dalam hal lamanya efek terapi yang diperoleh, cara pemberian, asal filler, dan sifat fisiknya. Sampai saat ini tidak ada produk filler yang sempurna. Untuk menjadi ideal, produk filler harus nonalergenik, nonkarsinogenik, nonteratogenik, harga terjangkau dan berefek terapi yang panjang. Saat dermal filler menjadi pilihan terapi atau tindakan, persiapan yang tepat baik dokter maupun pasien merupakan hal yang esensial. Konsultasi dan informasi harus meliputi ketepatan indikasi pemberian filler, tehnik pemberian, keterbatasan filler, efek samping, kemungkinan hasil akhir, biaya, dan informed consent. Sebagaimana prosedur kosmetik lainnya, untuk kepuasan bersama, dokter harus mampu dan bersedia memberikan komunikasi efektif kepada pasien sebelum dan sesudah terapi dermal filler.Kata kunci: dermal filler
Hubungan antara Kebiasaan Merokok dan Hipertrofi Ventrikel Kiri pada Laki-laki Dewasa Muda dengan Obesitas Sentral
Authors: Wowor Ribka
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an independent risk factor for mortality. This state should be prevented by controlling the underlying factor, such as smoking. This study was aimed to determine the association between smoking and left ventricular hypertrophy in young adult men with central obesity. This was a case control study, conducted at Cardiology Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital in Manado from January to March 2015. Subjects were young adult male students (18-30 years old) at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital with central obesity divided into two groups: case group and control group. The case group consisted of 31 subjects with LVH meanwhile the control group consisted of 21 subjects without LVH. The statistical analysis showed that smoking was a risk factor for LVH in young adult men with central obesity, but not statistically significant (OR=3.846; 95% CI: 0.494-14.901; P=0.432). Conclusion: Smoking is a risk factor of left ventricular hypertrophy in young adult men (<30 years old) with central obesity, but not statistically significant.Keywords: smoking, left ventricular hypertrophy, young adult men, central obesityAbstrak: Hipertrofi ventrikel kiri (HVK) merupakan salah satu prediktor kematian independen. Pembesaran jantung kiri sebenarnya merupakan keadaan yang dapat dicegah dengan pengendalian faktor risiko, salah satunya ialah merokok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kebiasaan merokok dan hipertrofi ventrikel kiri pada laki-laki dewasa muda dengan obesitas sentral. Jenis penelitian ialah penelitian kuantitatif metode analitik dengan menggunakan rancangan case-control. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Bagian Kardiologi RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado selama 3 (tiga) bulan, yaitu dari bulan Januari 2015 s/d Maret 2015. Subyek penelitian ialah laki-laki dewasa muda (usia 18-30 tahun) dengan obesitas sentral dan sementara menjalani KKM di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Subyek yang mengalami HVK sebagai kelompok kasus dan yang tidak mengalami HVK sebagai kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa kebiasaan merokok merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya HVK pada laki-laki dewasa muda dengan obesitas sentral walaupun secara statistik tidak bermakna (OR=3,846; 95% CI: 0,494-14,901; P=0,432). Simpulan: Kebiasaan merokok merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya pembesaran jantung kiri pada laki-laki dewasa muda (<30 tahun), walaupun secara statistik tidak bermakna.Kata kunci: merokok, hipertrofi ventrikel kiri, dewasa muda, obesitas sentral
Sindroma Marfan – Laporan Kasus
Authors: Manoppo Rillya
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Marfan's syndrome is a FBN1 gene mutation that encodes a connective tissue protein, fibrillin-1. Patients usually present with multiple defects including mayor ocular system abnormalities such as ectopic lens and minor criteria such as flat normal cornea, various axial lengths, ciliary hypoplasia, and myopia. We reported a case of a 6-year-old boy with vision complaint since one year ago. Ophthalmological examination revealed 6/60 right eye vision and 1/60 left eye vision. The pressure of the right eyeball was 15 mmHg and of the left eyeball was 13 mmHg. Eye vision could not be corrected with lenses. There were normal eyeball movements to all directions. Examination of the anterior segment showed no injection, clear cornea, and clear anterior chamber. There were superonasal subluxation of the right eye lens with zonular pull and superotemporal subluxation of the left eye lens with zonular pull. Examination of the posterior segment showed positive non-uniform fundus reflex, however, examination of the vitreous body, retina, and macula was difficult to evaluate. The patient was treated with lens extraction and was advised to come to the eye clinic every month for further evaluation of the eye ball pressure and ophthalmological examination as well as the possibility of further intervention treatment such as anterior lens implant in the anterior chamber.Keywords: Marfan syndrome, ectopic lensAbstrak: Sindrom Marfan adalah mutasi gen FBN1 yang mengkode protein jaringan ikat yang disebut fibrilin-1. Pasien biasanya datang dengan cacat multipel termasuk kelainan pada sistem okular yang meliputi kriteria mayor berupa ektopia lentis dan kriteria minor berupa kornea normal datar, peningkatan panjang aksial, hipoplasia silia, dan miopia. Kami melaporkan kasus seorang anak laki-laki berusia 6 tahun dengan keluhan penglihatan kedua mata kabur sejak 1 tahun lalu. Pada pemeriksaan oftalmologik didapatkan visus mata kanan 6/60, visus mata kiri 1/60, tekanan bola mata kanan 15 mmHg, dan tekanan bolamata kiri 13 mmHg. Visus kedua mata tidak dapat dikoreksi dengan menggunakan lensa. Gerakan bola mata baik ke segala arah. Pemeriksaan segmen anterior menunjukkan tidak terdapat injeksi, kornea jernih, dan bilik mata depan jernih. Lensa mata kanan mengalami subluksasi ke arah superior nasal dengan tarikan zonula Zinii sedangkan lensa mata kiri mengalami subluksasi ke arah superior temporal dengan tarikan zonula Zinii. Pemeriksaan segmen posterior kedua mata didapatkan refleks fundus positif non-uniform, sedangkan pemeriksaan untuk badan vitreus, retina dan makula sulit dievaluasi. Tindakan yang dilakukan berupa ekstraksi lentis. Pasien diminta untuk kontrol berkala di poliklinik mata setiap bulan untuk menilai tekanan bola mata dan status oftalmologiknya serta kemungkinan intervensi lanjutan seperti pemasangan lensa anterior pada bilik mata depan.Kata kunci: sindrom Marfan, ektopia lentis
Kelengkapan Rekam Medik Kasus Kekerasan Fisik akibat Tindak Pidana di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Periode September 2017- Agustus 2018
Authors: Lumentut Cherryl A. , Kristanto Erwin G. , Siwu James F.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Complete medical record is clearly important to health service of a hospital. In cases of violence, medical records play a significant role in law enforcement. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital is categorized as type A service hospital that has been fully accredited in 2015. Therefore, its medical personnels should be responsible for the completeness of each patient’s medical record, especially of violence cases. This study was aimed to determine the completeness of physical violence cases’ medical records due to criminal acts at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital in the period of September 2017-August 2018. This was a descriptive retrospective study. The results obtained as many as 40 cases of physical violence due to criminal acts. The medical record completeness of physical violence cases due to criminal acts were as follows: in Emergency Care 40%, inpatients 12%, surgery 58.82%, anesthesia/ sedation 45.45%, blood transfusion 66.67%, and informed consent 96.87%. Conclusion: In physical violence cases due to criminal acts, the medical record completeness with informed consent had higher percentage than the other medical record documents.Keywords: completeness of medical record, physical violence casesAbstrak: Kelengkapan rekam medik merupakan hal penting dalam pelayanan kesehatan dari suatu rumah sakit. Dalam kasus kekerasan, rekam medik berperan dalam penegakan hukum. RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou sebagai rumah sakit pelayanan tipe A yang telah terakreditasi paripurna pada tahun 2015, sudah seharusnya kelengkapan rekam medis bagi setiap pasien menjadi tanggung jawab tenaga medis terutama rekam medik kasus kekerasan yang ada di RSUP. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelengkapan rekam medik kasus kekerasan fisik akibat tindakan pidana di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou periode September 2017 - Agustus 2018. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebanyak 40 kasus kekerasan fisik akibat tindak pidana. Secara keseluruhan kelengkapan rekam medik pada kasus kekerasan fisik akibat tindak pidana di Instalasi Rawat Darurat sebesar 40%, rawat inap 12%, tindakan operatif 58,82%, tindakan anestesi/sedasi 45,45%, transfusi darah 66,67%, dan informed consent 96,87%. Simpulan: Pada kasus kekerasan fisik akibat tindakan pidana, kelengkapan rekam medik dengan informed consent memiliki persentase yang lebih tinggi daripada berkas rekam medik lainnya.Kata kunci: kelengkapan rekam medik, kasus kekerasan fisik
Pola kuman dari infeksi luka operasi pada pasien multitrauma
Authors: Barung Sidhit , Sapan Heber B. , Sumanti Winfrid M. , Tubagus Rudy
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Surgical site infection (SSI) is the main surgery complication which can increase morbidity, mortality, as well as the hospital cost. The prevalence of SSIs at a health care reflects its sevice quality. This study was aimed to obtain the bacterial profile of SSIs among multitraumatic patients at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital from June through December 2016. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. Pus was obtained from SSIs of laparotomy and ORIF operation wounds, and was further examined with PCR. The results showed that of 16 samples, 3 samples were negative (18.75%) and 13 samples were positive (81.25 %). The PCR test showed that the highest percentage of bacteria was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6 samples; 46.1%), followed by Escherichia coli (2 samples; 15.4%), and Enterobacter hormaechei, Alcaligenes faecalis, Enterobacter cloacae, Bacteroides fragilis as well as Proteus mirabilis (each of 1 sample; 7.7%). Conclusion: Based on the PCR test, there were 7 types of bacteria at the SSIs of multitraumatic patients at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado, all of them were Gram negative, and the most common type was Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Keywords: bacterial profile, PCR, SSIs, multitraumatic patientsAbstrak: Infeksi luka operasi merupakan salah satu komplikasi utama operasi yang dapat meningkatkan morbiditas, mortalitas, dan biaya perawatan penderita di rumah sakit. Angka kejadian infeksi luka operasi pada suatu institusi penyedia pelayanan kesehatan mencerminkan kualitas pelayanan pada institusi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pola kuman infeksi luka operasi pada pasien multitrauma di ruang perawatan bedah RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou selama bulan Juni-Desember 2016. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Apusan pus diambil dari luka operasi terinfeksi pada tindakan laparotomi dan ORIF kemudian diperiksa dengan PCR. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan dari 16 sampel yang diteliti ditemukan 3 sampel negatif (18,75%) dan 13 sampel positif (81,25 %). Berdasarkan hasil PCR ditemukan pertumbuhan kuman terbanyak ialah Pseudomonas aeruginosa sejumlah 6 sampel (46,1%), diikuti Escherichia coli sejumlah 2 sampel (15,4%), serta Enterobacter hormaechei, Alkaligenes faecalis, Enterobacter cloacae, Bacteroides fragilis, dan Proteus mirabilis, masing-masing sejumlah 1 sampel (7,7%). Simpulan: Berdasarkan hasil PCR didapatkan 7 jenis kuman pada infeksi luka operasi dari pasien multitrauma di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado, kesemuanya tergolong bakteri Gram negatif, dan yang tersering ialah Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Kata kunci: pola kuman, PCR, infeksi luka operasi, pasien multitrauma
Hubungan antara intravesical prostatic protrution, International prostatic symptom score, dan uroflowmetry pada kasus benign prostatic hyperplasia di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado
Authors: . Jefri , Monoarfa Alwin , Aschorijanto Ainun , Monoarfa Richard , Tubagus Vonny
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prostatic gland enlargement due to hyperplasia of its glandular tissue and stroma which can cause low urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). This prostatic gland enlargement could be evaluated by using intravesical prostatic protrution (IPP) with transabdominal ultrasound. This study was aimed to analyze the relationship among IPP, LUTS (evaluated by using International prostate symptom score/IPSS), and uroflowmetry in BPH patients at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was an observational analytical correlation study with a cross sectional design. Subjects were BPH patients at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital from August 2016 to December 2016. IPP with transabdominal ultrasound, IPSS, and uroflowmetry were evaluated in all subjects. Data were anlayzed by using Spearman correlation test. The results showed that there were no significant relationships between IPP and uroflowmetry (r = -0.243; P = 0.165); IPP and IPSS (r = 0.173; P = 0.246); and uroflowmetry and IPSS (r = 0.091; P = 0.360). Conclusion: There were no significant relationships among IPP with transabdominal ultrasound, IPSS. and uroflowmetry.Keywords: IPP, LUTS, uroflowmetryAbstrak: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) adalah pembesaran kelenjar prostat yang disebabkan oleh hiperplasia jaringan kelenjar dan komponen stroma yang dapat menyebabkan low urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Pembesaran kelenjar prostat dapat dievaluasi dengan intravesical prostatic protrution (IPP) menggunakan transabdominal ultrasonografi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara IPP, LUTS (yang dinilai dengan International prostate symptom score; IPSS) dan uroflowmetry pada pasien BPH di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah korelasi analitik observasional dengan studi potong lintang. Subyek penelitian ialah pasien BPH di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado sejak bulan Agustus 2016 hingga Desember 2016. Pada semua subyek penelitian dilakukan evaluasi IPP menggunakan transabdominal ultrasonografi, IPSS, dan uroflowmetry. Data dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil analisis hubungan antara IPP dan uroflowmetry menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara keduanya (r = -0,243; P = 0,165). Hasil analisis hubungan antara IPP dan IPSS menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara keduanya (r = 0,173; P = 0,246). Hasil analisis terhadap hubungan antara uroflowmetry dan IPSS menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara keduanya (r = 0,091; P = 0,360). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara hasil evaluasi IPP secara transabdominal ultrasonografi, IPSS, dan uroflowmetry.Kata kunci: IPP, LUTS, uroflowmetry
Pustulosis Eksantema Generalisata Akut
Authors: Susanti Ratna I. , Mamuaja Enricco H. , Niode Nurdjannah J.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a variant of severe drug allergic eruption that usually occurs very acutely (one day after antibiotic consumption, with a mean of 11 days in other cases), associated with fever. Early lesions are edematous and erythemaous patches followed by nonfollicular pustules. Laboratory examination showed leukocytosis dominated by neutrophils, occasionally by eosinophils. We reported a female of 64 years old with AGEP in the arms, neck, chest, back, and thighs that occurred one day after consumption of a decongestant drug, that became worsened with the eruption of pustules associated with fever one day after consumption of tetracycline, paracetamol, and diphenhydramine. Dermatological status showed nonfollicular pustules on erythematous skin, either discrete or confluenced. Gram examination of the pustules revealed PMN leucocytes. Routine blood examination showed leukocytosis 20,200/mm3. Blood smear showed eosinophil 0%, basophil 0.1%, neutrophil 90.4%, lymphocyte 7.3%, and monocyte 2.2%. Moreover, IgE total was 2,930 IU/ml. The patient was treated with methylprednisolon 62.5 mg intravenous and then the dose was tappered gradually. The patient improved at days 10 followed by desquamation. Conclusion: In this case, diagnosis of AGEP was based on anamnesis, physical examination, and other supporting tests. Steroid therapy resulted in satisfying improvement.Keywords: AGEP, allergic drug eruptionAbstrak: Pustulosis eksantema generalisata akut (PEGA) adalah varian erupsi alergi obat tipe berat. Erupsi PEGA biasanya terjadi tiba-tiba (satu hari setelah mengonsumsi antibiotik, rerata 11 hari pada kasus lainnya), dan disertai demam. Lesi awal berupa bercak merah yang diikuti munculnya pustul nonfolikular pada kulit yang eritematosa dan edematosa. Pemeriksaan laboratorium menunjukkan leukositosis dengan dominasi neutrofil, kadang eosinofil. Kami melaporkan kasus PEGA pada seorang perempuan, 64 tahun di daerah lengan, leher, dada, punggung, dan paha yang timbul sejak satu hari setelah mengonsumsi obat pilek. Keluhan semakin parah dengan munculnya bintil bernanah disertai demam sehari setelah mengonsumsi tetrasiklin, parasetamol, dan difenhidramin. Status dermatologik didapatkan pustul nonfolikular di atas kulit yang eritematosa, sebagian pustul diskret dan sebagian kecil berkonflues. Pemeriksaan Gram dari cairan pustul mendapatkan leukosit PMN. Pemeriksaan darah rutin memperlihatkan: leukosit 20.200/mm3. Apusan darah tepi didapatkan: eosinofil 0%, basofil 0,1%, neutrofil 90,4%, limfosit 7,3%, monosit 2,2%. Pemeriksaan IgE total 2.930 IU/ml. Pasien diterapi metilprednisolon 62,5 mg intravena, selanjutnya dosis diturunkan secara bertahap. Perbaikan pasien tampak pada hari perawatan ke-10 diikuti terjadinya deskuamasi. Simpulan: Telah dilaporkan kasus PEGA dengan diagnosis ditegakkan berdasar anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan penunjang. Terapi steroid menunjukkan hasil yang memuaskanKata kunci: pustulosis eksantema generalisata akut, erupsi alergi obat
Perbandingan Penyembuhan Luka Insisi Menggunakan Pisau Bedah dan Pisau Elektrokauter Dinilai dengan Vancouver scar score pada Operasi Luka Bersih
Authors: Mitaart Diadon , Hatibie Mendy , Noersasongko Djarot
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Skin incision is usually performed by using a scalpel. It is assumed that electrocautery knife, a more recent alternative, can increase the risk of infection, impair healing, and result in poor cosmetic scar. This study was aimed to compare the healing process of incision wounds performed by using sclapels and electrocautery knives assessed with Vancouver Scar Score (VSS) at three months after operation. This was an experimental study. Subjects were 17 male patients, aged 18-55 years old, with elective operation (categorized as clean wound operation) from March through June 2016 at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. Each incision was performed with a scalpel first (Group A) and continued with an electrocautery knife (Group B). After 3 months of operation, the wound scars were assessed with VSS. The Wilcoxon signed ranks test showed no significant difference between the VSS of the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: There was no difference in wound healing of incised wounds performed by using scalpels and by using electrocautery knives.Keywords: VSS, electrocautery, wound healing, scarAbstrak: Insisi kulit biasanya dilakukan dengan menggunakan pisau bedah. Peralatan elektrokauter merupakan alternatif baru yang dianggap meningkatkan risiko infeksi, memperlambat penyembuhan, dengan hasil secara kosmetik yang buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan proses penyembuhan dari luka insisi menggunakan pisau bedah dan pisau elektrokauter yang dinilai dengan Vancouver Scar Score (VSS) pada operasi dengan luka bersih. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental. Penelitian dilakukan selama periode Maret 2016 s/d Juni 2016 pada 17 orang pasien berjenis kelamin laki-laki, berusia 18-55 tahun yang memerlukan operasi elektif di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dan dikategorikan operasi dengan luka bersih. Setiap insisi selalu dilakukan terlebih dahulu dengan pisau bedah (kelompok A) dan sisanya dilakukan dengan pisau elektrokauter (kelompok B), kemudian luka dinilai dengan VSS setelah 3 bulan kemudian. Hasil uji Wilcoxon signed ranks terhadap hasil VSS saat 3 bulan setelah operasi memperlihatkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara hasil perlakuan A dan B (P > 0,05). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan dalam penyembuhan dari kedua bagian luka insisi yang menggunakan pisau bedah dan pisau elektrokauter pada operasi dengan luka bersih.Kata kunci: VSS, elektrokauter, penyembuhan luka, jaringan parut
Terapi Hipotermia Ringan Menurunkan Kadar Protein MMP-9 dan Memperbaiki FOUR Score pada Cedera Otak Traumatik Risiko Tinggi
Authors: . Hendra , Wijaya Halim , Prasetyo Eko , Oley Maximillian Ch.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: In this study, patients with high risk traumatic brain injury (TBI) were treated with mild therapeutic hypothermia and their serum MMP-9 levels as well as neurological outcome were evaluated. This was an experimental analytical study conducted at Intensive Care Unit Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado. The results showed that there were 20 patients with high risk TBI (the FOUR score <7) prospective randomly assigned to mild therapeutic hypothermia and control groups. Patients were evaluated at the time of admission and after 72 hours. The serum MMP-9 level was examined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the clinical outcome was evaluated by using the FOUR score. Levels of the variables were compared between the two groups. In the hypothermia group, level of serum MMP-9 was decreased (P > 0.05) after 72 hours and there was a significant improvement of the FOUR score (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Mild therapeutic hypothermia could reduce serum MMP-9 level and significantly improve the neurological outcome after 72 hours.Keyword: mild hypothermia, MMP-9, FOUR scoreAbstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap penderita cedera otak akibat trauma (COT) risiko tinggi yang diberi perlakuan hipotermia ringan (HPTr) dengan mengevaluasi kadar MMP-9 serum dan hasil klinis yang dinilai melalui skor FOUR. Jenis penelitian ini ialah eksperimental analitik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Intensive Care Unit (ICU) RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Terdapat total 20 pasien dengan COT risiko tinggi (skor FOUR <7) yang secara random dibagi dalam kelompok kontrol dan kelompok HPTr. Pasien dinilai saat masuk dan setelah 72 jam kemudian. Kadar MMP-9 serum dinilai menggunakan enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Perbedaan level dari kedua variabel ini dibandingkan pada kedua kelompok. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pada kelompok perlakuan HPTr, kadar MMP-9 serum berkurang setelah 72 jam walaupun tidak bermakna (P > 0,05) dan terdapat peningkatan skor FOUR secara bermakna (P < 0,05). Simpulan: Perlakuan hipotermi ringan dapat menurunkan kadar MMP-9 serum dan memberikan peningkatan hasil klinis melalui penilaian skor FOUR setelah 72 jam kemudian.Kata kunci: hipotermi ringan, MMP-9, FOUR score
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR JALAN MELALUI PNPM-PPIP DI DESA MUNTE KECAMATAN TUMPAAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN
Authors: Repi Bryan , Porajouw Oktavianu
Published: July 2019

This study aims to measure the level of public participation in the development of road infrastructure in the village plantations Munte through PNPM - PPIP . Data collection was conducted from July 2014 - February 2015. Data collection was conducted from July 2014 - February 2015. The data is in the form of primary data through a list of questions or questionnaires , and secondary data is data obtained from government Munte village , as well as scientific papers related to the study . , previous literature or from the internet . The analysis technique used in this study is a descriptive analysis techniques that will be qualitative and quantitative results of this study are presented in tabular form . The results showed that the level of participation in middle category . In the planning stages of the majority of respondents are less active in participating by reason of busy work . Stages of implementation of the most respondents are not actively participating in the grounds committee perdeasaan infrastructure development program is not consistent with the results of the meeting or the decisions taken in the planning stage different from its implementation . While pemelihraan stage only 1 respondent who is not active in this stage by reason of busy work and the rest are in the active and less active , this is because the respondents have felt the results of the development so that the respondents or the public want to be involved in this stage.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN PETANI TOMAT PADA LAHAN SAWAH DI DESA TOSURAYA SELATAN KECAMATAN RATAHAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA TENGGARA
Authors: Wangke Welson , S Benu Olfie L.
Published: July 2019

This study aims to determine how much income and costs of tomato growers in paddy fields. The method used is descriptive quantitative method. The sampling method in this study is simple random sampling method is simple random method by taking a random sample. The number of samples of tomato growers and rice farmers are respectively of 7 farmers. Analysis of the data used in this research is descriptive analysis. To determine the level of income of farmers used the analysis of income. The results of this study are income tomato farmers in paddy fields Rp. USD 40,000,000 and expenses. 11,769,000. That means farming tomatoes tomato farmers benefit because the value of R / C > 1 is 3:39 Income tomato farmers in paddy fields is greater when compared with income of rice farmers.  ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berapa besar pendapatan dan biaya yang dibutuhkan petani tomat pada lahan sawah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah metode simple random sampling yaitu metode acak sederhana dengan mengambil sampel secara acak. Jumlah sampel petani tomat dan petani padi sawah masing-masing sebanyak 7 petani. Analisa data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis deskriptif. Untuk mengetahui tingkat pendapatan petani digunakan analisis pendapatan. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu Pendapatan petani tomat pada lahan sawah yaitu  sebesar  Rp.   40,000,000 dan pengeluaran Rp. 11,769,000. Itu berarti usahatani tomat memberikan keuntungan bagi petani tomat karena nilai R/C > 1 yaitu 3.39 Pendapatan petani tomat pada lahan sawah lebih besar jika dibandingkan dengan pendapatan petani padi sawah.
POTENSI PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI KOTA BITUNG
Authors: Suoth Jubert M. J. R. , Kaunang Rine , Sondak Lorraine W. TH.
Published: July 2019

Regional development is an integral part of national development one of benchmart for regional devel-opment is regional economic know previously the potential of a region that can be develop optimally. The asms of this study to determine the potential of the region has major effect of economic growth in Bitung cluring 2010 to 2013, and contribution of economic sector to economic growth in Bitung. This study used PDRB data Bitung City and North Sulawesi Province from 2010 to 2013. Data were obtained from the relevant agencies. Data ana-lyted using LQ analysis. The result showed that sector has LQ > 1 is processing Industry with average LQ 2,84 %, electricity, gas and pure water sector with average LQ 2,22 %, Transportasion and Communications sector with average LQ 1,82 % and Agriculture sector with average LQ 1,07 %. From the four sector showed that the four basic sector has economic strength and influence to increase economic growth in Bitung and this sector has been able to infest the needs of their own region. The industrial sector development as a basic sector, suggested to used local raw industrial, efficient and competitive and directed the development of Agriculture and fisheries industry, improving quality and economics product. The fourth development of the base sectors namely manufac-turing, electricity, gas and water supply, transport and communications and agriculture sector without neglecting the development of the non base which also has the potential for the sector is developed as the financial, real es-tate and business services sector and the services sector expected to be able to increase the rate of economic growth Bitung.Keywords: Potential Economic Growth
PROFIL USAHA KLAPERTAART MANADO
Authors: Mekel Crystalinda T. O. , Baroleh Jenny ., , Pakasi Caroline B. D.
Published: July 2019

This study aims to provide a description of the Petra klapertaart business in terms of raw materials, capital, labor, production, costs, and the amount of profit earned.This research was conducted for one mounth on October 2015. The data used are primary data get from the owner. Petra klapertaart is one of the home industries that can give value added to coconut plants, particularly coconuts, so it can help coconut farmers to improve their economy. Constraints limited capital to run the business, get solution from the Ministry of Agriculture that is Petra klapertaart registered as one of a member the Independent Institute Rooted in the Community (LM3), which receive capital assistance in the form of funds. This led to make a research to see the description of the business profile Petra klapertaart after getting financial aid from the Ministry of Agriculture. Data obtained with primary data taken by researchers from business owners as the the main source. Data collection techniques were done by direct observation and interviews with business owners. The results showed that the Petra klapertaart business is a small-scale business that uses coconut raw materials that processed into klapertaart and became one of the members of the Independent Institute Rooted in the Community (LM3) which get funding. On Klapertaart marketing activities, business owners deal directly with consumers to sell klapertaart. Based on the results, the amount of production, the amount of production in September 2015, which is 12 times the production made two recipes in each production, produce 348 klapertaart cup aluminum foil, make a profit with the ratio of R / C> 1 is equal to 1.84 in September 2015 means, Petra business get the benefits, so this business is effort to develop
FAKTOR PENENTU PILIHAN KONSUMEN KOMODITI PERTANIAN TERHADAP TEMPAT BERBELANJA DI PASAR TRADISIONAL DAN PASAR MODERN DI KOTA MANADO
Authors: Karouw Zely Ela , Laoh O. Esry H. , Mandei Juliana R.
Published: July 2019

This study aims to describe the factors which determine consumer decisions of agricultural commodities to shop at traditional markets and modern markets in the city of Manado. This study took place in June 2015 until July 2015 at Traditional and Modern Market Market in the city of Manado. In this study, the data used is primary data obtained from questionnaires and secondary data obtained from the relevant agencies, namely the Manado Statistics Central Agency (BPS) and Department of Industry and Trade of Manado. Variables measured were age, education level, income, location, product, price, atmosphere in the outlets, service, comfort, prestige. Analysis of the data used is the logistic regression model analysis.The results showed that there are two variables that significantly determine the consumer’s decision of choosing to shop in agricultural commodities at Traditional Market or Modern Market in the city of Manado is the atmosphere in the stores and services. Consumer’s who want a high atmospheric in the stores, preferring to go shopping to the modern market, while consumer’s who want good services, prefer to shop in tradisional market.
PERBANDINGAN PENDAPATAN USAHATANI JAGUNG MANIS DAN JAGUNG BIASA DI DESA TONTALETE KECAMATAN KEMA KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA
Authors: Gifelem Calvin N. , Kaunang Rine ., , Ruauw Eyverson .,
Published: July 2019

This study aimed to determine and compare the average income from farming of sweet corn and regular corn in Tontalete village Kema District of North Minahasa Regency for one planting season. This research was conducted during the three months from April to June 2015, located in the village of Tontalete, District of Kema Minahasa Utara Municipality. The data were obtained using a questionnaire. Sampling was done in two stages. The first step is determining the sample villages in doing a purposive sampling. The second step is determining the farmers sampled using simple random sampling method. Number of samples of each farm by 15 farmer or a total of 30 farmers. The results showed that the income per hectare of sweet corn farming for Rp 52.950.800 higher than the regular corn farming income only amounted Rp 21.799.100. Total land area is in use by all corn farmers by 43 hectares consisting of 23.5 ha for sweet corn farming, or by an average of 1.6 ha per farmer and 19.5 ha for regular corn farming or by an average of 1.3 ha per farmer. Costs incurred in the regular corn farming is greater than the costs incurred in the farming of sweet corn.*er
MODAL SOSIAL SEBAGAI STRATEGI BERTAHAN HIDUP BURUH TANI DI DESA KOPIWANGKER, KECAMATAN LANGOWAN BARAT, MINAHASA
Authors: Hutapea Wolter Widyatama , L.S. Benu Olfie , Ngangi Charles R.
Published: July 2019

This research aims to determine and describe how farm-workers can survive by social strategy as their strategy. From the three elements of social capital, that’s trust, norms, and networks, which one has the greater influence for a survival strategy of Kopiwangker farm-workers in village. This research was conducted over five months, from February until June 2016 started from preparation until making research reports. This study has used primary data and secondary data. The number of respondents is 30 respondents of whom are farm-workers. The sampling method which used in this research is purposive sampling and data analysis method used is descriptive qualitative which quantified using the Likert Scale. The results of this research indicate that social capital can be a survival strategy for Kopiwangker village farm-workers, especially on the elements of the network (patron-client networks) because it has the highest score, that is 450. But according to several informants that ever happened was also a problem among some farm-workers (as clients) and patrons, but always can be resolved.
KINERJA KOPERASI UNIT DESA (KUD) WENANG DITINJAU DARI BALANCED SCORECARD
Authors: Br. Sagala Romaida ., , Pangemanan Lyndon R.J. , Rori Yolanda P. I.
Published: July 2019

Research aims to determine how the performances of Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD) Wenang in Manado City evaluated from Balanced Scorecard are financial perspective, customer perspective, internal business processes perspective, and learning and growth perspective. Research carried out in July until September 2016. Data used is quantitative and qualitative with data source are primary and secondary data obtained from KUD with a total sample of 96 member respondents, 96 non member respondents with accidental sampling (technique) and 25 employees with sensus. Therefore the total samples are 217 respondents. Data analysis that used Balanced Scorecard method and criteria for the balance of the balanced scorecard that analyzes of financial perspective, customer perspective, internal business processes perspective, and learning and growth perspective while the balance is using a rating scale criteria. Research result showed that the performance of Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD) Wenang reviews from the Balanced Scorecard is internal business process perspective are considered good and satisfying customer perspective rated good and satisfying, as well as financial perspective judges not good enough with an overall score is 0,4 or equal to pretty good.