bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction and pre-evaluation of an in-house cylindrical ionization chamber fabricated from locally available materials
Authors: Tagoe Samuel Nii Adu , Chaphuka Clement Dominic , Hasford Francis
Published: November 2022

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to construct a very robust in-house cylindrical ionization chamber from locally available materials to minimize cost, and to assess its suitability for use in a clinical setting.

Materials and Methods: The entire body of the constructed IC was composed of Perspex (PMMA). Other components of the IC were made from locally available materials, such as paper and discarded items. The in-house IC was made waterproof by passing the triaxial cable connecting its various electrodes through a plastic tube which once served as a drainage tube of a urine bag. This connection was made such that the chamber was vented to the environment. The completed in-house IC was evaluated for: polarity effect, ion recombination, ion collection efficiency, stability, dose linearity, stem effect, leakage current, angular, dose rate and energy dependences.

Results: Although the pre-evaluation results confirmed that the in-house IC satisfied the stipulated international standards for ICs, there was a need to enhance the stem effect and leakage current characteristics of the IC. The in-house IC was found to have an absorbed dose to water calibration coefficient of 4.475 x 107 Gy/C (uncertainty of 1.6%) for cobalt 60 through a cross-calibration with a commercial 0.6 cc cylindrical IC with traceability to the Germany National Dosimetry Laboratory. Using a Jaffé diagram, the in-house IC was also found to have a recombination correction factor of 1.0078 when operated at the calibration voltage of + 400 V. In terms of beam quality correction factors for megavoltage beams, the in-house IC was found to exhibit characteristics similar to those of Scanditronix-Wellhofer IC 70 Farmer type IC.

Conclusion: The constructed in-house Farmer-type IC was able to meet all the recommended characteristics for an IC, and therefore, the in-house IC is suitable for beam output calibration in external beam radiotherapy.
Cuerpo y memoria. Un análisis de las prácticas del teatro popular de Fortaleza de la Mujer Maya
Authors: Difarnecio Doris
Published: November 2022

Este artículo expone la construcción de la metodología teatral “Cuerpo y experiencia”, desarrollada por la autora a partir de su práctica de colaboración como directora creativa del grupo teatral de la asociación Fortaleza de la Mujer Maya, en San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas. Además del proceso realizado en diálogo con las actrices tzeltales y tzotziles que forman dicho colectivo, se reseñan los efectos políticos y subjetivos de este trabajo, así como los legados que deja tal metodología en todas las participantes, en tanto que el cuerpo y la experiencia son clave no sólo para dar contenido al hecho teatral, sino también como apuesta de transformación de realidades opresivas.
Body and memory. An analysis of the practices of the popular theater of Fortaleza de la Mujer Maya 
Abstract
This article discusses the theatre methodology “Body and experience”, developed by the author in dialogue with Tzeltal and Tzotzil actresses of the group Fortaleza de la Mujer Maya, in the city of San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas. The author addresses the artistic, political, and subjective effects produced by this methodology in the participants involved. Body and experience are the key not only to provide content to the theatrical event, but also to enabling a commitment to transform oppressive realities.
Recibido: 05 de noviembre 2020Aceptado: 04 de enero 2021
Apuntes sobre una tragedia eterna: la relación tiempo y espacio en El viaje de los cantores de Hugo Salcedo
Authors: Torres Miguel Ricardo
Published: November 2022

A partir de su obra El viaje de los cantores (1988), el dramaturgo mexicano Hugo Salcedo buscó mover la conciencia del espectador-lector por medio de la dinámica con el tiempo y el espacio, cargada de una fuerte dosis cultural y social. Una de sus metas primarias era que, a través de la experimentación y el juego con dichos elementos, se diera una representación irrepetible. Así, al plantear una multiplicidad en la recepción, cada puesta en escena sería única y movería a una reflexión distinta a los espectadores. Todo esto es visto desde la idea de una tragedia cíclica y azarosa, en la que se anticipa la función protagónica del destino caprichoso, como juez final de los eventos y como verdugo perpetuo de los migrantes cantores.
Notes on an Eternal Tragedy: the Relation of Time and Space in Hugo Salcedo’s El viaje de los cantores
Abstract
In his play El viaje de los cantores (1988), Mexican playwright Hugo Salcedo sought to move the spectator-reader’s consciousness through a dynamic play of time and space, loaded with a strong cultural and social content. One of his primary goals was to create an unrepeatable performance. By proposing a multiplicity in the play’s reception, each staging would be unique and would move the viewers to diverse interpetations. The author addresses the idea of ​​a cyclical and hazardous tragedy, where the leading role of capricious destiny is anticipated as the final judge of events and as the perpetual executioner of the migrant singers.
Teatralidad, representación y ficción en el derecho
Authors: Sáez Alejandra
Published: November 2022

Si analizamos el derecho desde la perspectiva de la teatralidad, vemos cómo oculta su carácter intrínsecamente ficticio, al ser un mise en scène de lo real, acusando al teatro de simulacro, incapaz de modificar o interceder en la codificación de la realidad. Ello se observa en el caso que implicó judicialmente la obra de teatro Prat, de la dramaturga chilena Manuela Infante. Aquí el derecho utiliza los instrumentos del teatro para determinar quién y cómo pueden o no cambiar los códigos de producción de sentido. Esta operación del derecho utiliza los mismos mecanismos del teatro, y devela su carácter intrínsecamente ficticio, atributos teatrales mediante los cuales impone (produce) un modelo de realidad, relegando al teatro al lugar de lo otro, de lo imposible.
Theatricality, Representation and Fiction in Law
Abstract
If we analyze law from the perspective of theatricality, we can see how it hides its fictional quality, as law is a mise en scène of the real, which presumes theatre to be a simulation incapable of modifying or interceding in reality’s unfolding. This became evident in a judicial case that implicated Chilean playwright Manuela Infante’s play, Prat. In the play, law uses theatrical instruments to determine who can change and who or cannot. Such a “legal” operation uses the same mechanisms as theatre, disclosing its inherently fictional character. By theatrical means, law imposes (or produces) a model of reality, relegating theatre to a place of the impossible other.
Recibido: 29 de abril de 2021Aceptado: 10 de agosto de 2021
Un abordaje histórico en torno a la dramaturgia del clown en Cuba
Authors: Amado González Miguel Angel
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo aborda uno de los resultados del trabajo de diploma La dramaturgia del clown teatral en la práctica artística de Teatro Tuyo: La estación (2009), Gris (2013) y Superbandaclown (2016), sustentado en la Facultad de Arte Teatral de la Universidad de las Artes (ISA) de Cuba. A partir de la interrogante ¿cuáles son los referentes históricos en los que se apoya la dramaturgia del clown en Cuba?, afronta uno de los temas todavía irresolutos en la historiografía escénica de la isla. Mediante el empleo de métodos teóricos y empíricos, atraviesa varias etapas del teatro y el circo cubanos para desentrañar el desarrollo de la dramaturgia del clown en Cuba y arrojar una serie de elementos que confirman su evolución.
A Historical Approach to Clown Dramaturgy in Cuba
Abstract
This article is based on research undertaken by the author within the Diploma course The dramaturgy of the theatrical clown in the artistic practice of Teatro Tuyo: La estación (2009), Gris (2013) and Superbandaclown (2016), supported by the Faculty of Theater Arts of the Universidad de las Artes (ISA) of Cuba. The author looks into what historical historical references support the Cuban tradition of clown dramaturgy, in order to address one of the unsolved issues in the island’s theatrical historiography. Through the use of theoretical and empirical methods, the paper goes over various historical moments of Cuban theater and circus to unravel the development of clown dramaturgy in such context.
Recibido: 24 de mayo de 2022Aceptado: 27 de junio de 2022
Síntomas psiquiátricos en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica en tratamiento de hemodiálisis en México
Authors: Niebla Guzmán Irma María , Montero Pardo Xolyanetzin , Rivera Heredia María Elena
Published: November 2022

La insuficiencia renal crónica, se ha convertido en un problema de salud pública que va en aumento, esta enfermedad se caracteriza por causar daño irreversible de la función renal y una evolución lenta y progresiva que avanza hasta el estado de uremia terminal. Objetivo. El objetivo principal del presente trabajo fue identificar las variables que predicen los síntomas psiquiátricos en pacientes con dicha insuficiencia en tratamiento de hemodiálisis. La muestra constó de treinta participantes con una edad media de 60 años, quienes contestaron las Escalas de Funcionamiento Psicosocial, Recursos Psicológicos, Relaciones Intrafamiliares y Afrontamiento del estrés, así como el Inventario de Síntomas. Treinta cuidadores primarios informales, con una edad media de 47 años, respondieron la Escala de Carga en el Cuidador de Zarit. Los resultados mostraron que los principales síntomas psiquiátricos identificados fueron la depresión y las somatizaciones; en estos se observó mediante los modelos de predicción que el mayor porcentaje de varianza explicada se obtuvo en somatización y ansiedad. Se concluye que es necesario realizar intervenciones psicológicas para mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente y del cuidador.
Evaluación de problemas de alimentación y conductas de rechazo al alimento en menores con trastorno del espectro autista
Authors: Hernández Eslava Varsovia , González García Diana Alejandra , Velásquez Carrasco Ángeles , Carré Valdez Rosa
Published: November 2022

Un problema que reportan con frecuencia los cuidadores de menores es su rechazo a la ingesta de alimentos. Existe evidencia de que dicho problema se exacerba en aquellos con diagnóstico de trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). En México se desconoce la existencia de esos problemas en dicha población, por lo que el propósito del presente estudio fue realizar un análisis exploratorio y descriptivo de la prevalencia y características de la conducta alimentaria en niños autistas. Los padres contestaron un cuestionario para obtener datos sociodemográficos, conductas problemáticas observadas al momento de comer, prácticas de alimentación, preferencias de alimentos, información médica y consumo de alimentos por parte de la familia y de los menores, hallándose que dos tercios de estos mostraban conductas problemáticas, siendo las más frecuentes el abandonar la mesa y rechazar comer. Los menores con problemas de conducta consumían menos alimentos que aquellos sin problemas. Adicionalmente, se encontró que hay una relación positiva entre el número de alimentos consumidos por los menores y por su familia. Los resultados de esta investigación representan una aproximación inicial a la evaluación de problemas pediátricos de la alimentación en menores con diagnóstico de TEA en población mexicana.
Assessing the Effect of Spiritual Intelligence Training on Spiritual Care Competency in Critical Care Nurses
Authors: Riahi Somayeh ,   Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran, Goudarzi Fateme ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran,   Fateme Goudarzi, Assistant Professor, Medical-Surgical Nursing Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran E-mail: Goudarzi.f@lums.ac.ir Tel: +989166652362, Hasanvand Shirin ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran, Abdollahzadeh Hasan ,   Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran, Ebrahimzadeh Farzad ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran, Dadvari Zahra ,   Shahid Rahimi Hospital, Khorramabad, Iran
Published: November 2022

Aim & Objective

Due to the importance of spiritual care as a part of holistic care, this study aimed to investigate the effect of spiritual intelligence training on the nurses’ competence in spiritual care in critical care units.

Methods

The study was performed on 82 nurses (40 in the experimental group and 42 in the control group). Participants were selected from critical care units of teaching hospitals affiliated to Lorestan University of Medical Sciences1. The experimental group took part in eight sessions of spiritual intelligence training, held in the form of workshops. In the control group, no intervention was made. The scale for assessing nurses’ competencies in spiritual care was completed before, immediately and one month after the sessions in two groups. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 15.

Results

The results showed that spiritual intelligence training had a positive effect on nurses’ competence in spiritual care. Also, 89% of the nurses who participated in the study had not been given any prior education regarding spiritual care. Nurses considered barriers to spiritual care including inadequate staff, cultural differences, high workload and lack of education on this subject.

Conclusions

The present results showed that the training of spiritual intelligence could develop the nurses’ competence in spiritual care. The development of spiritual care provided by nurses can result in various outcomes such as increased satisfaction with care in patients, reduced anxiety and symptoms of depression during hospitalization, reduced length of hospitalization and, in general, improved quality of life.
أدلة اللوح المحفوظ وحكم الايمان به واختصاص الله تعالى بعلم ما فيه وسماع صريف الأقلام
Authors: Hamad Khayal Salih
Published: November 2022

الايمان بالغيب هو أصل الإيمان وأعلى صفاته وبعث الله تعالى رسوله محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم ليخبرنا بالغيب ومن الغيب الذي أخبرنا به هو اللوح المحفوظ، ووجوده والإيمان به لحكمة عظيمة منها الدلالة على عظمة الخالق وتمام علمه وهيمنته وقدرته وكمال خلقه وتدبيره تبارك وتعالى، واللوح المحفوظ من علم الغيب الذي استأثر الله تعالى بعلمه ولم يطلع عليه أحد من خلقه ويكفينا معرفته بالوجه العام دون معرفة دقائقه وتفاصيله لأن الله تعالى علم خلقه على أن عرّفهم معاني جلائل خلقه وأمره دون تفاصيلها وإيكال صفته الى الله تعالى لأنه غيب وأنه من المخلوقات التي خلقها الله تعالى للبقاء فلا يفنى ولا يزول.
وفي هذا البحث سابين ما يتعلق باللوح المحفوظ من أدلة وردت في كتاب الله وأحاديث نبوية شريفة وردت في كتب السنة وأقوال علماء الأمة في كتب العقائد والتفسير وحكم الإيمان به وبيان اختصاص الباري عز وجل بعلم ما فيه وسماع صريف أقلام الملائكة التي كانت تكتب بها وحي الله تعالى، ومما يقضيه أمره، مما كانت تنسخه الملائكة من اللوح المحفوظ، او مما اراده الله تعالى ان يكتب من أمره وتدبيره.
تحليل التذبذب والاتجاه للأمطار في العراق
Authors: Abdullah Hasen Abd AL- Ghani , Hichel Mohammed Ali
Published: November 2022

تعد دراسة الأمطار من الدراسات المناخية المهمة خاصة وان الأمطار تحتل المرتبة الاولى من حيث الأهمية مقارنة بعناصر المناخ الأخرى, لما لها من تأثير كبير على جميع مظاهر الحياة، يهدف هذا البحث الى دراسة وتحليل التذبذب والاتجاه للأمطار في العراق على المستوى الموسمي
والفصلي وقد اعتمدت الدراسة على ( 8 ) محطات مناخية موزعة جغرافياً على منطقة الدراسة للمدة ( 1987-2017) ، اعتمدت الدراسة على بعض البرامج الإحصائية المتقدمة في تحليل الاتجاه والتذبذب الذي تشهده الامطار في المنطقة ، وقد أظهرت الدراسة بأن الامطار خلال الموسم المطري تتجه نحو التناقص في جميع محطات منطقة الدراسة فقد بلغ معدل التغير خلال مدة الدراسة ( 29.56- ، 14.47- ، 53.86- ، 24.93- ، 44.57- ،  2.077 -، 49.84- ، 62.28- ) في المحطات  ( دهوك ، السليمانية ، الموصل ، بيجي ، الرطبة ، بغداد ، الديوانية ، البصرة ) على التوالي ،
    أما على المستوى الفصلي فقد اتجهت الامطار في فصلي الخريف والربيع نحو الانخفاض في جميع المحطات ما عدا محطة بغداد التي اتجهت نحو الارتفاع، إذ بلغ معدل التغير فيها (21.6+، 10.9+ ) ملم خلال فصلي الخريف والربيع على التوالي ، في حين سجل أعلى انخفاض في فصل الخريف في محطة دهوك إذ بلغ (74.9-) ملم خلال مدة الدراسة ، وسجل أعلى انخفاض في فصل الربيع في محطة الديوانية بواقع (65.1 -) ملم خلال مدة الدراسة .أما فصل الشتاء فقد سجلت جميع المحطات اتجاهاً منخفضاً ، وقد بلغ أعلى معدل انخفاض في محطة البصرة التي سجلت تغير (58.1 -) ملم خلال مدة الدراسة .
الحملات العسكرية للإمبراطور يوحنا زيمسكيس الأول على الثغور الاسلامية في الجزيرة الفراتية وبلاد الشام
Authors: Muhammad Abd Al-Salam Gomaa , Najm Al-Hamdani Raad Hussein
Published: November 2022

شهدت الإمبراطورية البيزنطية ازدهاراً كبيراً خلال عصر الأسرة المقدونية وفي عهد الامبراطور يوحنا زيمسكيس(359ـ366هـ/ 969 ــ976م) الذي كان وصياً على باسيل الثاني([i]) وقسطنطين الثامن([ii]) , والذي شن حملاته العسكرية ضد المسلمين , مستغلا الضعف والتمزق الداخلي وانفصال العديد من الاقاليم عن الخلافة العباسية التي كانت تحت التسلط البويهي , فقد عمل يوحنا زيمسكيس  على جمع كل موارد الدولة وانفقها على المؤسسة العسكرية , وكان يرمي من وراء هذه السياسة الاستيلاء على الاراضي الاسلامية , إذ كان الامبراطورية البيزنطية تعتبر تلك الاراضي هي املاك للإمبراطورية الرومانية , وإن ما دفع الامبراطور إلى توجيه الحملات ضد المسلمين في تلك المدة هو حالة الضعف والانقسام التي دبت بين حكام وولاة المسلمين ونزاعاتهم فيما بينهم والتي ادت إلى قيام الحروب بينهم تاركين الثغور والجهاد في سبيل الله , فتمكنت القوات البيزنطية في عهد ذلك الامبراطور من احراز انتصارات على المسلمين في الجزيرة الفراتية وبلاد الشام .
الصحابي الجليل ثُمَاَمة بن أثال سيرته واثره في التاريخ الاسلامي
Authors: Ahmed Muayad Mousa
Published: November 2022

الحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله محمد وعلى اله وصحبه ومن والاه إما بعد:
  مما لاشك فيه إن الدين الإسلامي قد أنتشر ونصر بفضل الله سبحانه وتعالى ثم بفضل نبيه r ثم الصحابة y الذين كان لهم دور بارز وحريصٌ على نشر الإسلام والالتزام بتعاليمه ومن ضمن الشخصيات التي كان لها دور مهم في نصرة الدين الإسلامي (الصحابي الجليل ثمامة بن أثال t) إذ برزت شخصيته كأحد الذين اسلموا من زعماء القبائل التي كانت تسكن خارج مكة المكرمة والمدينة المنورة, وقد شهدت له الروايات التاريخية أروع المآثر في حسن الاسلام والذود عنه ، فكان لزاماً منا نبرز دور هذا الصحابي الجليل.
أثر الأكاديميات التلمودية على نهر الفرات في العقيدة اليهودية
Authors: Rasheed Kifah sabir
Published: November 2022

الحمد لله على عظيم فضله , حمدا يليق بجلال وجهه الكريم وعظيم سلطانه , وصلى الله على نبينا محمد خاتم انبيائه, وعلى اله وصحبه وسلم .
أما بعد... يُعد التلمود لدى اليهود صورة صادقة التعبير عن الشخصية الاسرائيلية التي أفرزته ... فهو يجلي دفائن النفسية اليهودية , ويبرز مكوناتها الغائرة, أبتدعه شيوخ اسرائيل  تحت وطأة معاناة الشتات والاغتراب والتقطيع في الارض وتحت أثقال الاسر والقهر والتشرد, الذي ملأ نفوسهم هوانا ومذلة, وفجر فيها كل مخزونها من طاقات الحقد والحسد والكراهية , وقد وصفه جوزيف باركلي- أحد ابرز المتخصصين في الدراسات التلمودية قائلا: (... بعض اقوال التلمود مغال,وبعضه كربة,وبعضه الاخر كفر...).
ان اليهودية الراهنة  اليهودية التلمودية000  أعني  اليهودية المؤسسة  تأسيسا كليا على ((التلمود)) ومع ذلك فأن صورة التلمود- في أذهان الكثيرين  مشوشة مضطربة غائمة, كما ان الدراسات التلمودية في المكتبات العربية الاسلامية قليلة الى حد ما وهذا ينسحب على فقر المعلومات لدى الباحثين في مقارنة الاديان عن حقيقة التلمود , وأثره في العقيدة اليهودبة.
ويذكر ايضا : (على الرغم من أن أي مجمع يهودي عام لم يتبن التلمود رسميا الا أن اليهود الارثوذكس- مستقيمي العقيدة- تبنوه لأنه زودهم بشيء شعروا بحاجتهم اليه).
ويرى الدكتور أ.فابيان  قائلا: (أن التلمود أسهم بقوة في حفظ  التراث اليهودي الديني- القومي) ,بأن مكنه من أن يتأقلم مع كل زمان و مكان, في كل دولة ومجتمع, وفي كل درجة من الحضارة.
وسيتناول هذا البحث أهم المدارس والأكاديميات التلمودية  على نهر الفرات وما خفي من اسرار التلمود الذي أعتبره اليهود مساويا للتوراة في القدسية بل انه يفوقها من حيث الالزام والتطبيق ,لذلك عدوه من كتبهم المقدسة المنزلة على حاخاماتهم وربانيهم الذين لاينطقون بغير الوحي ولا يخالفهم اليهود فيما قالوا منهجا لعقيدتهم.
المدرسة الكلامية الماتريدية واهم مواقفها الكلامية
Authors: Yunus Maealim Salem
Published: November 2022

المدرسة الماتريدية ومدرسة السادة الاشاعرة هما مدرستا كلام اهل السنة والجماعة بالإضافة الى مدرسة اهل الاثر يشكلون بمنهجهم مذهب اهل السنة والجماعة ، ولقد تميزت كل مدرسة بمنهجها الخاص بها في علم الكلام فكانت المدرسة الماتريدية ذات طابع عقلي نقلي كما هي الاشعرية لكنها تميزت بميلها الى الادلة العقلية اكثر من النقلية مقارنة بالمدرسة الاشعرية لكن ذلك لم يحل بينها وبين اصول مواقفها الكلامية هي في اصلها مستندة الى الكتاب والسنة وسنسلط في بحثنا هذا الضوء على اهم تلك المواقف الكلامية للمدرسة راجين توفيق الله تعالى وثوابه .
The Translation of the Verbal Noun in the Glorious Quran into English
Authors: Hamad Rafad Sattam
Published: November 2022

This study investigates, the rhetorical function of verbal nouns (interjection) in the Glorious Quran. It aims at finding the most appropriate rendition of the interjection. It is hypothesized that semantic translation should be adopted in capturing the rhetorical function of interjection. Newmark's models (semantic and communication translation) is adopted. The study has revealed that inappropriate translation distort the intended meaning of the interjection.
الانتخابات وشرعية الوصول للحكم لدى الاتجاهات الاسلامية المعاصرة	((دراسة فقهية معاصرة))
Authors: Ahmed Zaki Yahya , Ahmed Khaled Khalil
Published: November 2022

إن موضوع الإمـامة العظمى هو من أهـم الأمــور في الشـريعـة الإسلامـية لأنها الحـارس لهذا الدين، واليد الطولى لنشره والذود عنه من عبث العابثين، ولما كانت أمور الناس ومصالحهم تـدور رحــاهــا حــول الـضـرورات الخمس كـــان لــزاماً أن يكـون للمجتمع المسلم رأس يجتمعـون عليه لإقامة الحق فيهم وازهاق الباطل يجتمعون بـالبيـعـة الشــرعـيـة على إمامته وولايته لأمــرهــم وهـــذا مــا يسـمى بــالإمــامــة العظـمـى ولأهــمـيـة هــذا الامر كـــان اختـيـاري لهذا الموضوع وخاصة إن صور البيعة والشورى أصبحت غير متحققة في معظم البلدان الاسلامية والصورة الجديدة لاختيار ولاة الامور هــي الانتخـابــات وكــانـت لـدى الحـركــات الاسـلامـيـة اراء شتى ومختلفة فيما بينها حول مشروعية الانتخابات كان لزاماً منا ان نبين الشي البسيط لهذه الصورة المعاصرة وباعتبار الحركات الاخرى التي لا تتصل بالجماعات الاسلامية ليس لديها ادنى شك بان الانتخابات هي من الامور التي لا اختلاف في السير من خلالها لتولي الحكم وتوصلنا لنتيجة حتمية . ان الانتخابات هي صورة معاصرة وشرعية لاختيار ولي الامر وليست بعيده عن مبدأ الشورى والبيعة وادلة المانعين مبالغ فيها بالتفسير ولا تخلو من الغلو والتطرف في بعض الاختيارات ولزوم نشر الدعوة الاسلامية في كل المجالات ودفع الباطل حتى ولو كان بشكل جزئي وبالتدريج .
Coherence of Socio-Cultural Processes: On the Problem of Methodology
Authors: Shmakov V. S.
Published: November 2022

The article deals with the problems of methodology for studying the dynamics of socio-cultural processes of local communities in the context of globalization. The purpose of the study is a methodological analysis of the problem of competition, from the point of view of global and local specifics of the development of culture and sociality. Modernization processes generate a paradigm of socio-cultural development that fixes the scale of action, methods and means of interrelation and existence of elements and subsys­tems that influence the formation of evolution models of the socio-cultural space. The emerging models of socio-cultural development have a high degree of dynamism, maintaining a certain level of locality in the sphere of socio-cultural life. The use of the coherence principle makes it possible to ensure the iden­tification of all components and modifications of the socio-cultural system.
Prescrição de inibidores do cotransportador de sódio-glicose 2 em portadores de insuficiência cardíaca: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Guimarães Hélio José Ecard , Silva Victor Rocha Rodrigues da , Oliveira Carla Resende Vaz , Reis Bruno Cezario Costa
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Analisar os benefícios da prescrição de inibidores do cotransportador de sódio-glicose 2 em portadores de insuficiência cardíaca. Avaliando, assim, a redução de eventos cardiovasculares nesses pacientes. Métodos: A abordagem metodológica deste trabalho preconiza a uma compilação de pesquisas bibliográficas de abordagem qualitativa e caráter descritivo por meio de uma revisão extensiva de literatura. As bases de dados utilizadas foram o PubMed e BVS. A busca pelos artigos foi realizada por meio dos descritores: “heart failure”, “sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors”, “mortality” e “aged”. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos de ensaio clínico controlado, randomizados ou não randomizados, estudo de incidência, estudo de prevalência, artigos de livre acesso, artigos publicados em inglês, português, espanhol, faixa etária de idosos com 65 anos ou mais, no intervalo de 2020 a 2022. Resultados: Foram avaliadas as vantagens do uso de Inibidores de SGLT2 no tratamento da insuficiência cardíaca, demonstrando resultados positivos na redução da mortalidade, internações e melhora da qualidade de vida. Considerações finais: Dessa maneira, foi observado que, com o uso dessas drogas, as taxas de morbimortalidade de pacientes portadores de IC reduziram consideravelmente, levando a diminuição dos números de hospitalizados.
Relação entre Síndrome dos Ovários Policísticos e Infertilidade
Authors: Bragato Bruno Fernandes , Vitorino Jessica de Paula
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Apresentar por meio de uma revisão de literatura relação entre Síndrome dos Ovários Policísticos (SOP) e Infertilidade. Revisão bibliográfica: Uma em cada dez mulheres em idade reprodutiva são afetadas pela SOP. A SOP também é uma causa comum e tratável de infertilidade.  Deve-se destacar também que investigar a relação entre a síndrome de ovários policísticos e a infertilidade é muito importante. Para preservar ou restaurar a fertilidade, reduzir os sintomas e prevenir complicações que podem se desenvolver em mulheres com SOP desde a adolescência até o período pós-menopausa. Considerações finais: Compreendeu-se que um diagnóstico precoce de infertilidade é muito importante. A verdade é que um diagnóstico precoce de infertilidade é tão importante que pode alterar o tipo de atendimento e afetar o resultado na mulher.
Índices de pulsatilidade e resistência da artéria uterina no segundo trimestre em gestantes com fator de risco para pré-eclâmpsia e sua associação com uso de ômega 3
Authors: Zimmermmann Juliana Barroso , Silva Caroline Souza e , Talma Sofia Machado , Pannain Gabriel Duque , Bastos Marcus Gomes
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar o índice de resistência (IR) e índice de pulsatilidade (IP) das artérias uterinas em gestantes com fator de risco para pré-eclâmpsia (PE) e associação com a suplementação de ômega 3. Métodos: Tratou-se de um ensaio clínico, randomizado, 4 braços, com 169 gestantes. Elas foram submetidas à anamnese, exame físico e exame obstétrico com doppler da artéria uterina. O ômega foi utilizado na dosagem de 500 mg, associado ao tratamento previamente proposto, seja ácido acetil salicílico (AAS) ou Heparina + AAS quando as pacientes eram trombofílicas. Resultados: A média de idade foi de 33,2 + 5,53 anos, com média 2,36 + 1,42 gestações, 0,74 + 0,93 partos e 0,65 + 1,13 abortos. O índice de resistência médio das uterinas (MIR) foi de 0,60+0,16 e o índice de pulsatilidade médio (MIP) foi 1,03+ 0,43. A associação desses índices com o tipo de tratamento (AAS; AAS + ômega; Heparina + AAS e Heparina + AAS + ômega não se mostrou diferente (p>0,05). Conclusão: A suplementação do ômega em pacientes com fator de risco para PE não reduziu os IP e IR das uterinas. O uso do ômega 3 como profilaxia de PE deve ser questionado, já que não reduz esses índices.
Asymmetric C-Alkylation of Nitroalkanes via Enzymatic Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Fu Haigen , Qiao Tianzhang , Carceller Jose , MacMillan Samantha , Hyster Todd
Published: November 2022

Tertiary nitroalkanes and the corresponding α-tertiary amines represent important motifs in bioactive molecules and natural prod-ucts. The C-alkylation of secondary nitroalkanes with electrophiles is a straightforward strategy for constructing tertiary nitroal-kanes, however, controlling the stereoselectivity of this type of reaction remains challenging. Here we report a highly chemo- and stereoselective C-alkylation of nitroalkanes with alkyl halides catalyzed by an engineered flavin-dependent ‘ene’-reductase (ERED). Directed evolution of the old yellow enzyme from Geobacillus kaustophilus provided a triple mutant, GkOYE-G7, capable of synthesizing tertiary nitroalkanes with high yield and enantioselectivity. Mechanistic studies indicate that the excitation of an enzyme-templated charge-transfer complex formed between the substrates and cofactor is responsible for radical initiation. Moreover, a single-enzyme two-mechanism cascade reaction was developed to prepare tertiary nitroalkanes from simple nitroal-kenes, highlighting the potential to use one enzyme for two mechanistically distinct reactions.
3D-Printed Microfluidic Device for High-Throughput Production of Lipid Nanoparticles Incorporating SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein mRNA
Authors: Lin Wan-Zhen , Bostic W. Kristian , Malmstadt Noah
Published: November 2022

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are drug carriers for protecting nucleic acids for cellular delivery. The first mRNA vaccines authorized by the United States Food and Drug Administration are the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) and BNT162b (BioNTech/Pfizer) vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We designed a 3D printed Omnidirectional Sheath-flow Enabled Microfluidics (OSEM) Device for producing mRNA-loaded LNPs that closely resemble the Moderna vaccine: we used the same lipid formulations to encapsulate mRNA encoding SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The OSEM device is made of durable methacrylate-based materials that can support flow rates in the mL/min range and was fabricated by stereolithography (SLA), incorporating readily adaptable interfaces using commercial fluidic connectors. Two key features of the OSEM device are: 1) a 4-way hydrodynamic flow focusing region and 2) a staggered herringbone mixer (SHM). Superior to conventional planar fluid junctions, the 4-way sheath flow channel generates an evenly focused, circular center flow that facilitates the formation of LNPs with low polydispersity. Downstream, fluid mixing in the SHM is intensified by incorporating a zig-zag fluidic pathway to deliver high mRNA encapsulation efficiency. We characterized the mRNA-loaded LNPs produced in the OSEM device and showed that the enhanced 3D microfluidic structures enable a 5-fold higher throughput production rate (60 mL/min) of LNPs than commercial multi-thousand-dollar micromixers. The device produced LNPs of diameter less than 90 nm, with low polydispersity (2-8%) and high mRNA encapsulation efficiency (> 90%). At a significantly lower cost (US $1.5) compared to commercial instruments, the OSEM device provides an unprecedented all-in-one solution to LNP production from lab to market.
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Authors: Geraldine Menezes Dr.
Published: November 2022

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Presentation and Management of an Unusual Foreign Body Stone in a Child
Authors: Shinde* Nandkishor , Moinuddin Mohammed , Joy Sam
Published: November 2022

Foreign body ingestions are common in children between the ages of 6 months to 3 years. We report a case of 5-month-old infant presented with accidental ingestion of a sharp-edged stone of size 5 times 4 times 2 cm while playing. It went inside causing perforation of esophagus and reached right pleural cavity. It was removed following right thoracotomy and esophageal repair was done. Early recognition of foreign body ingestions and its complication and appropriate early management can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality.
Endobronchial-Valve Therapy for Emphysema
Authors: P S Shankar
Published: November 2022

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Histomorphological Patterns of Endometrial Hyperplasia
Authors: P Shashikala , GU Kavita , Gunpreet AJ** * , Hasilkar*** Nandini
Published: November 2022

Background and Aims Endometrial hyperplasia is a pathological condition characterized by an increase in the endometrial gland to stromal ratio when compared to the normal proliferative endometrium. It is the precursor of endometrial carcinomamdashthe most common malignancy of female genital tract. The increased risk of endometrial hyperplasia is found to be more evident in women with abnormal uterine bleeding. Hence we decided to study the histopathological pattern of endometrial hyperplasia in women of different age groups.Methods All the endometrial biopsies with microscopic diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia over a period of 1 year were retrieved from histopathology records. Information related to age and clinical diagnosis was noted from the accompanying laboratory request forms. Histological typing of endometrial hyperplasia was done depending on the new criteria used in the World Health Organization WHO classification.Results The present study included 40 cases n 40 of endometrial hyperplasia diagnosed by histopathological examination on endometrial biopsies. Age of the patients ranged from 21-70 years. About half of the patients 45 presented with abnormal uterine bleeding and were in the 5th decade of life. Non-atypical endometrial hyperplasia n 34 cases 85 was the most common histological type of endometrial hyperplasia.Conclusions Histopathological examination of endometrium is used for the diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding. Endometrial biopsy and curettage are the important sampling methods to detect endometrial hyperplasia. Hence vigilant screening of the endometrial samples plays an important role in the diagnosis and further management.
Inflammatory Profile in Novel Coronavirus Infection: Biochemical Perspective
Authors: A Priyanka , Sen Debalina , Delphine Silvia CR* Wilma
Published: November 2022

The whole world is reeling under the coronavirus disease-2019 COVID-19 pandemic. It is caused by the novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 SARS-CoV-2. The diagnosis of COVID-19 is based on clinical manifestations history of exposure positive findings on chest computerized tomography CT and laboratory tests. It has been reported that increased release of pro-inflammatory mediators due to an overactive immune system plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. This review provides an insight into the different types of coronavirus strains and inflammatory profile involved in COVID-19 with special emphasis on biomarkers such as procalcitonin lactate dehydrogenase LDH ferritin D-dimer and cytokines.
Qualidade de vida dos estudantes universitários: uma proposta de oficina a partir de um projeto de pesquisa e extensão
Authors: Santos Daniela Copetti
Published: November 2022

Com as facilidades da vida moderna, muitos hábitos são modificados dia após dia. Entre eles, podemos destacar o hábito alimentar, que vem passando por mudanças como, por exemplo, a inserção de alimentos ultraprocessados, ricos em gorduras e sódio e que estão atingindo a população mundial. O sedentarismo somado à alimentação desregrada está aumentando o número de indivíduos com patologias oriundas dos maus hábitos. Com a finalidade de conscientizar estudantes universitários sobre esses maus hábitos, foi realizada uma oficina, em que fizemos uma pesquisa sobre a alimentação e hábitos diários desses estudantes, como prática de atividades físicas e horas de sono.  A partir das respostas, eles puderam observar que existem comportamentos inadequados em suas vidas e que estes deveriam ser alterados. Como forma de conscientização, foi apresentada uma palestra referente aos hábitos saudáveis e solicitado a eles que desenvolvessem materiais didáticos que poderiam conscientizar crianças e adolescentes desde cedo sobre como devem se comportar na busca de uma melhor qualidade de vida.
Sector bancario mexicano, estructura de mercado y competitividad
Authors: Ortiz Zarco Eusebio
Published: November 2022

El desarrollo de instituciones financieras es un aspecto fundamental en las economías del mundo y el sistema bancario no es la excepción. Existen diversos enfoques que buscan explicar la estructura optima y objetivos alcanzables en un sistema bancario organizado y eficiente; en la presente investigación se realiza una discusión teórica y de estado del arte de la naturaleza de las instituciones bancarias en el contexto de sus objetivos de desarrollo financiero y económico; así mismo, se describe el comportamiento del sistema bancario mexicano con base en los principales indicadores de mercado, llegando a la conclusion de que se tiene una esrtuctura oligopólica que ha cumplido relativamente con la naturaleza del proceso de intermediación financiera no obstante los indicadores crediticios aún son deficientes. Áreas de oportunidad se encuentran en mejores regulaciones, desarrrollo de nuevos sistemas óptimos de comunicación, así como políticas claras y flexibles de crédito que permitan una permeación más profunda en el Sistema Financiero y en la Economía.
Las cuatro claves para entender el discurso antifeminista
Authors: Payarola Mario Andrés
Published: November 2022

La discusión acerca de quienes son más violentos, si los varones o las mujeres, trascendió el ámbito público, para ingresar también al ámbito académico, generándose acaloradas polémicas en los últimos veinte años. Se ha formado una verdadera “brecha”, entre quienes piensan que las hipótesis del feminismo (acerca de la preminencia de la violencia masculina) son las correctas y aquellos que no. Estos últimos prefieren indagar más en las características psicológicas de los agresores, que de acuerdo a esta mirada pueden ser tanto varones como mujeres y también el grupo LGByT, que en los determinantes sociales de la conducta violenta.  En este trabajo intentaremos analizar y contrastar ambas hipótesis, las que hemos caracterizado como pro-feministas y anti-feministas. De esta manera, pensamos que el lector contará con nuevos elementos para sacar sus propias conclusiones.
VIRTUOSITY OF RAJA RAVI VARMA AND SHYAM BENEGAL’S BHUMIKA – A VISUAL RELATION
Authors: Kumar Rishabh , Kumar Anketa
Published: November 2022

Aside from providing amusement and beauty, art and film have always served as a reflection of society and culture. Both the arts and film have had an impact on society. The works produced in both mediums have received recognition and acclaim on a global scale. Artists draw inspiration from the world around them to produce works of art. In his classical paintings, the well-known artist Raja Ravi Varma addressed "Art" and "Life" aesthetically by blending true Indian mythological sense with European Academic Art. Indian Modern Art Movement can be traced back to the exploration in Varma's works of art. Similar to this, film directors try to depict place, time, and common practices using their actors. This analysis of Bhumika1 (Role), a feature film by Benegal, aims to give a broad overview of the film's formal components as they symbolise the avant-garde ideal of balancing "Art" and "Life." The essay is an analytical attempt to look at art and life in relation to Raja Ravi Varma's artworks and the female character in the film Bhumika.
Optimizing pathological assessment of breast cancer in Brazil: recommendations from a multidisciplinary working group on the tumor-tissue journey
Authors: Gobbi Helenice , Carvalho Filomena Marino , Rahal Rosemar Macedo Sousa , Klôh Maria Ines , Pitol Dimitrius Leonardo
Published: November 2022

Timely and correct assessment of histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular features of biopsy and surgical specimens is of paramount importance in the provision of care to patients with breast cancer, particularly in the current era of precision oncology. In order to ensure that tissue samples are obtained, processed, analyzed and reported in an optimal way, a concerted effort is required by institutions and individuals, taking into account state-of-the-art scientific and technical knowledge and circumventing logistic and operational constraints. This may be particularly challenging in some settings due to several sources of economic, structural, organizational and communication inefficiencies. In the current article, we present a brief review of breast cancer epidemiology and challenges in the disease diagnosis, especially in Brazil, and report the results of a multidisciplinary working group convened in May 2020 in an expert panel to identify and discuss the barriers and challenges related to the journey of breast cancer samples in Brazil. Following the identification of the issues, the working group also discussed and proposed recommendations for improving the journey and quality of breast cancer samples based on their professional experience and the current scientific literature, including guidelines of national and international health organizations (e.g. World Health Organization), consensus of medical societies and other published literature on the topic. We outline the most salient issues related to that journey in Brazilian public and private medical institutions, based on the experts’ clinical experience, since all of them are actively working at both sectors, and discuss current recommendations to address these issues aiming at mitigating and preventing preanalytical and analytical issues affecting diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. Such issues are grouped under four headings pertaining to education, communication, procedures in the operating room and sample transportation, and procedures in the pathology laboratory. Selected recommendations based on the current literature and discussed by the group of Brazilian experts are reviewed, which may mitigate the issues identified and optimize diagnostic and therapeutic decisions for patients with breast cancer, currently the most frequent malignant tumor worldwide and in Brazil. This paper has been submitted and published jointly, upon invitation and consent, in both the Surgical and Experimental Pathology and the Mastology journals.
The attitude of people towards the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOS) in post-boko haram insurgency in north-eastern part of Nigeria
Authors: Musa Hassan El-Zaman  , Samaila Bare
Published: November 2022

The study was designed to evaluate the attitude of people towards the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in post-boko haram insurgency in north-easthen part of Nigeria. The researcher uses descriptive design of a survey type to collect relevant information. The sample size for the study was 359 participants comprising 25 staff of states ministry of health, and 334 respondents from IDPs and general public. The researcher stratified random sampling technique was used to draw the sample needed for the study in three geopolitical Zones in the States, (Zone A, B and C). Structured questionnaire was the major instruments used collect data for analysis. Result presented in tables analyses the perception of people on the role of saves the children program of WHO in the north east, item 1 state that provision of food and shelter helps in reviving the children, this state was accepted with a mean and standard deviation of 3.56 and 1.46 respectively. Item 2 also state that, in post-boko haram insurgency food provision was accessible to everyone illegible individual this statement was also accepted with 3.76 and 1.48 mean and standard deviation respectively. Similarly, item 3 state that, the food aid saved the life of many and avoided starvation in the affected areas, the statement was accepted with a mean and standard deviation of 3.56 and 1.46 respectively. Item 4 also state that food provision of food is not the best way to revive the victims, this statement was vehemently rejected with a mean and standard deviation of 2.56 and 1.87 respectively. item 5 on the other hand discuses provision of well-balanced diet given to the vulnerable so that they will not be malnourished, this statement was accepted by the respondent with a mean and standard deviation of 3.56 and 1.46 respectively.
Training course in human anatomy: Experience report
Authors: Guilherme Jardim Teles  , Hadyne Dielly Fonteneles  , Joiciane Cruz Lopes  , Maria Victoria Alves Lima de Sousa  , Antônio Carlos Guilherme Rocha  , Karinn de Araújo Soares
Published: November 2022

This work discusses the experience obtained in the extension project entitled "Training Course in Human Anatomy", provided by the Human Anatomy League (LAMAH) of the Federal University of Piauí (UFPI). The objective of this work is to expose the experience of nursing students facing the training course, highlighting the advantages and obstacles encountered. An active methodology was chosen, in which students shared their knowledge about each system with other members during meetings, in an active teaching-learning system. Thus, we infer that the methodology both provides a new experience and contributes positively to a better absorption and retention of the contents seen. However, an obstacle observed in the meetings was evidenced by the gap in the handling and mastery of natural anatomical pieces. Furthermore, the extension activity presented here constitutes an object to support the authors' knowledge of Human Anatomy.
SARS-COV-2 infection in patients with hereditary thrombophilia: Is there a worsening in COVID-19 symptoms?
Authors: Marina Cristina Peres  , Samantha Sanches de Carvalho  , Anna Carolina Blanco Capassi Santos  , Thaís Moura Gascón  , Luiz Vinícius de A Sousa  , Glaucia Luciano da Veiga  , Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca  , Beatriz da Costa Aguiar Alves
Published: November 2022

Patients with COVID-19 who progressed to a more advanced stage of the disease were observed to develop coagulation disorders. Mutations in genes encoding clotting factors, such as Prothrombin Factor II, Leiden Factor V and MTHFR are associated with the development of thromboembolism. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of genetic variants present in these genes in patients with COVID-19, and to associate their presence with disease severity and D-dimer values. 405 patients with different manifestations of COVID-19 were genotyped by qPCR; genotypes were associated with disease severity and D-dimer values. A slightly prevalence of the FVL mutated allele in the group with positive diagnosis was found; also, higher levels of D-dimer in patients who required treatment in intensive care were observed. Individuals with hereditary thrombophilia are at greater risk of developing a thrombolytic event after infection (long-term COVID). Our data show the benefits of performing genetic screening for hereditary thrombophilia in individuals infected with SARS-Cov-2 in order to establish, together with classical laboratory parameters, a risk factor for the development of thrombosis both during the infectious process and for post-COVID and thus avoid a vascular event.
Status Kesuburan Tanah Sawah Pasang Surut di Desa Pasir Kecamatan Mempawah Hilir Kabupaten Mempawah
Authors: Arief Feira Budiarsyah , Lestari Risky Ananda , Manurung Rinto , Krisnohadi Ari
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine and study the soil fertility status of Tidal Paddy soil based on the type of overflow as a consideration in land management and provide fertilizer suggestions for tidal paddy soil in Pasir Village. This research method is a soil survey with sampling at a depth of 0-20 cm with a grid system, the samples taken are located in the three types of paddy soil, namely types A, B, and C overflow and analyzed in the laboratory. Soil parameters measured were soil pH, C-organic, N-total, P-total, K-dd, K2O Mg-dd, KTK, KB. The results showed that the soil fertility of the paddy soil in the overflow types A, B, and C have has low criteria. The soil fertility is classified as low due to the low KTK, KB, P-total and C-organic values of the soil. Efforts to fulfill the nutrients found in the land are given fertilization suggestions as follows: in the paddy soil of overflow type A 282.60 kg / ha urea, SP-36 at a dose of 112.41 kg / ha and KCL at a dose of 292.15 kg / Ha. In the paddy soil of overflow type B, 271.73 kg / Ha of urea, SP-36 at a dose of 115.02 kg / Ha and KCL at a dose of 334.75 kg / Ha. Overflow type C paddy soil with a dose of 280.43 kg / Ha of urea SP-36 at a dose of 58.63 Kg / Ha and KCL is recommended to provide a of 254.49 kg / Ha.