bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelaksanaan Perlindungan Pekerja dalam Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja di PT Tun Hong Garment Indonesia
Authors: Gunawan Ricky Chrisandi , Hermawan Sapto
Published: February 2023

This research aims to determine the implementation of worker protection at PT Tun Hong Garment Indonesia, especially in terms of occupational safety and health and the obstacles that exist at PT Tun Hong Garment Indonesia in implementing occupational safety and health protection. This research belongs to a prescriptive normative legal research. The sources of law used are primary and secondary legal materials. The data analysis technique used in this legal research is to use the deduction method. The results of the analysis, it is known that the implementation of occupational safety and health protection at PT Tun Hong Garment Indonesia has not fully complied with the Regulation of the Minister of Manpower and Transmigration Number 8 of 2010, Government Regulation Number 50 of 2012 and Regulation of the Minister of Manpower Number 2 of 1980. PT Tun Hong Garment Indonesia as a company has not carried out its obligations in terms of inspecting personal protective equipment properly, has not implemented the Occupational Safety and Health Management System (SMK3) and has not carried out Periodic Health Checks, thus the rights granted by law are related to safety and Occupational Health for workers has not been fulfilled.
Peran Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Dalam Mengatasi Kekeringan Di Kabupaten Wonogiri
Authors: Arini Krismona Dewi , Nugroho Asianto
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of disaster management in Wonogiri Regency, as well as the technical and non-technical obstacles it faces. This research is a normative study with a statutory approach. The results showed that, the urgency of implementing drought disaster management in Wonogiri Regency based on the Regional Regulation of Wonogiri Regency Article 37 (2) Number 7 of 2016 through a juridical study is in accordance with vertical synchronization and harmonization of applicable laws and regulations. The Regional Disaster Management Agency of Wonogiri Regency as a disaster management task force through the Regional Budget Fund, in accordance with its authority has implemented disaster management during pre-disaster, emergency response, and post-drought disaster in 2017, 2018, 2019, and until the end. in August 2020 with the assistance of donors in the Wonogiri Regency area and from outside Wonogiri Regency.
Fungsi Perum Perhutani Kesatuan Pemangkuan Hutan (KPH) Surakarta dalam Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan di Kawasan Gunung Lawu
Authors: Martines Ida Andira , Najicha Fatma Ulfatun
Published: February 2023

This research will answer the function of forest fire control in the Gunung Lawu area by Perum Perhutani KPH Surakarta. In this study normative legal research is used with a prescriptive nature. The approach is carried out with a statutory approach, legal materials are primary and secondary legal materials. Collection of legal materials by literature study or document study and interviews. The technique of analyzing legal materials uses the deductive syllogism method, which is to draw conclusions from general matters concerning the problems at hand. The function of Perum Perhutani KPH Surakarta in controlling forest fires in the Gunung Lawu area carries out 6 (six) functions including; Planning and Evaluation Functions, Infrastructure Preparation and Maintenance Functions, Logistics Preparation Functions, Coordination Functions, and Operational Functions. In its implementation, inconsistencies with statutory regulations were found, namely in the implementation of the Operational Function for post-forest fire handling. Inconsistencies in the application of the law can have implications for lawlessness.
Pelaksanaan Fungsi Pengawasan Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kabupaten Pacitan Terhadap Pengelolaan Limbah B3 PLTU Sudimoro Di Kabupaten Pacitan
Authors: Pradana Oky Shiang , Handayani I Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi
Published: February 2023

This legal  writing  has the purpose to  knowing  the  supervision  by the Pacitan District Enviromental Services on Hazardous Waste Management at the PLTU Sudimoro in Pacitan Regency. This legal research is included in the type of empirical legal research that has character is descriptive and uses a qualitative approach. In this study the source of the data obtained is the primary data source, which is based on the results of direct interviews with related sources, namely the Pacitan District Enviromental Services. Apart from primary data, it is also based on secondary data with library research.

Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the Environmental Service of Pacitan Regency in exercising its supervisory authority for hazardous waste management has run quite well and is in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations. In the supervision of the B3 waste management, PLTU Sudimoro that has been carried out has covered all the  stages  related  to  the supervision  of  hazardous  waste  management  at  the district / city level. However, in exercising the authority to supervise the management of B3 waste from PLTU Sudimoro by the Environmental Service of Pacitan Regency, several inhibiting factors were found, namely related to human resources, activity budget, geographical conditions, and limited operational vehicles.
Fraud at Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia is Seen in Good Corporate Governance (GCG) and a Whistle-Blowing System
Authors: Siregar Erwin Saputra , Sari Gusmila , Arsa Arsa
Published: February 2023

This article discusses the dynamics of internal irregularities in Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia. This paper uses secondary data for 2017-2020, published annually by Islamic commercial banks. The sample of this study consisted of 10 Islamic commercial banks, which were determined based on the criteria and the availability of existing data. The data analysis is in the form of panel data regression analysis with the help of eviews and excels applications. This study indicates that partially the proportion of independent commissioners has a significant positive effect on fraud, and the variable number of audit committee meetings and the whistle-blowing system has no significant adverse effect on fraud. While simultaneously, the variable of good corporate governance with indicators of the proportion of independent commissioners, the number of audit committee meetings, and the whistle-blowing system have a significant positive effect on fraud in Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia for the 2017-2020 period.
The Measurement of The Financial Performance of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia With The Maqashid Sharia Index and Comparative Performance Index Approach
Authors: Bahri Efri Syamsul , Zam-zamiyah Frida Tis’a , Nasution Nursanita
Published: February 2023

This study aims to measure the financial performance of Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia with the Maqashid Sharia Index and Comparative Performance Index. The research design uses quantitative data using numerical data. Data were obtained from 5 Islamic commercial banks using the purposive sampling method from 2016-2019. The data analysis used the Maqashid Syariah Index and the Comparative Performance Index. This study found that Bank Rakyat Indonesia Sharia (BRIS) with the highest achievement of the Maqashid Syariah Index was 1.0881. Then, Bank Sharia Mandiri (BSM) has the lowest achievement, with a value of 0.9238. Based on the CAMEL measurement, the bank with the highest achievement was Bank Negara Indonesia Sharia (BNIS), 144.87%. At the same time, the lowest achievement was Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI) at 55.61%. Therefore, the merger of BSM, BNIS, and BRIS, is expected to improve the performance of the maqashid sharia index and Comparative Performance Index. Likewise, Bank Muamalat, as the first pure sharia bank, can rise and improve the performance of the sharia maqashid index and CAMEL.
Meta Analysis of Profitability Islamic Banking Research
Authors: Mujadiddah Sofina , Munawaroh Diah , Inayah Yuyun Ma’rifatul
Published: February 2023

Islamic banks are financial institutions whose operations and products are developed based on the Al-qur’an and Hadith. One of the most important things in banking is profitability. Islamic bank profitability studies are important tools for improving performance, evaluating bank operations and determining management plans to help increase the chances of a bank surviving in a competitive market. Therefore, this study aims to determine the map of research development related to the Profitability of Islamic Banking using the Meta Analysis approach. This research method uses purposive non probability sampling method, using descriptive statistics in the explanation. The data used in this study are 100 international and local journals issued from various accredited journals with the theme of profitability of Islamic banking during the 2010-2020 period. This study experienced an increase and decrease in the number of journals during 2010-2020, and the largest number of authors who discussed the theme of the profitability of Islamic banking were 2 journals. In addition, journals that publish papers on the theme of profitability are the International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, with a total of 6 papers. During this research, the most widely used method is the quantitative method with the model used is the analysis panel data. During this study, the journal by Dietrich and Wazenried (2011) was the study with the most citation as many as 878. 
Influence of Scan Parameters of Single and Dual-Energy CT Protocols in Combination with Metal Artifact Suppression Algorithms for THA
Authors: Schwarz Gilbert M. , Huber Stephanie , Wassipaul Christian , Kasparek Maximilian , Hirtler Lena , Hofstaetter Jochen G. , Bader Till , Ringl Helmut
Published: February 2023

Background:

Metal artifacts caused by hip arthroplasty stems limit the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of periprosthetic fractures or implant loosening. The aim of this ex vivo study was to evaluate the influence of different scan parameters and metal artifact algorithms on image quality in the presence of hip stems.

Methods:

Nine femoral stems, 6 uncemented and 3 cemented, that had been implanted in subjects during their lifetimes were exarticulated and investigated after death and anatomical body donation. Twelve CT protocols consisting of single-energy (SE) and single-source consecutive dual-energy (DE) scans with and without an iterative metal artifact reduction algorithm (iMAR; Siemens Healthineers) and/or monoenergetic reconstructions were compared. Streak and blooming artifacts as well as subjective image quality were evaluated for each protocol.

Results:

Metal artifact reduction with iMAR significantly reduced the streak artifacts in all investigated protocols (p = 0.001 to 0.01). The best subjective image quality was observed for the SE protocol with a tin filter and iMAR. The least streak artifacts were observed for monoenergetic reconstructions of 110, 160, and 190 keV with iMAR (standard deviation of the Hounsfield units: 151.1, 143.7, 144.4) as well as the SE protocol with a tin filter and iMAR (163.5). The smallest virtual growth was seen for the SE with a tin filter and without iMAR (4.40 mm) and the monoenergetic reconstruction of 190 keV without iMAR (4.67 mm).

Conclusions:

This study strongly suggests that metal artifact reduction algorithms (e.g., iMAR) should be used in clinical practice for imaging of the bone-implant interface of prostheses with either an uncemented or cemented femoral stem. Among the iMAR protocols, the SE protocol with 140 kV and a tin filter produced the best subjective image quality. Furthermore, this protocol and DE monoenergetic reconstructions of 160 and 190 keV with iMAR achieved the lowest levels of streak and blooming artifacts.

Level of Evidence:

Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
NEOICHNOLOGY OF ARMADILLOS: KEYS FOR THE PALEOECOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL INTERPRETATION OF FOSSIL TETRAPOD BURROWS
Authors: CARDONATTO M. CRISTINA , MELCHOR RICARDO NÉSTOR
Published: February 2023

This study is based on the analysis of burrow casts of three species of armadillos from central Argentina: Chaetophractus villosus, Chaetophractus vellerosus, and Zaedyus pichiy (Chlamyphoridae: Euphractinae). The aim of this work was to identify key ichnologic signatures of Euphractinae armadillo burrows for application to the paleoecological and behavioral interpretation of fossil examples. A total of 15 active burrows from different biogeographic provinces were casted with polyurethane foam and then excavated. About two hundred uncasted burrows and foraging pits were also measured at the same localities. Euphractinae burrows are clearly distinguished from Chlamyphorinae burrows by its filling, surface ornamentation, and size. It is suggested that fossil armadillo (Euphractinae) burrows would be characterized by a single ramp with one entrance and massive or laminated fill, horizontal diameter larger than 100 mm, strongly marked sets of three claw traces that are arranged oblique to the ramp axis, and absence of feces or plant remains. The distinctive surface ornamentation present in the casted burrows is tentatively linked to a particular excavation mechanism involving rotation of the body along the antero-posterior axis. Burrow systems with a chamber are interpreted as permanent burrows, whereas those lacking chamber are considered as temporary/shelter burrows. Armadillo burrow systems (either temporary or permanent) are longer, less inclined, and have lower relative diameter indices (RDI) than armadillo foraging pits. Euphractinae burrows are linked to producers with solitary, fossorial, opportunistic omnivorous habits that excavate several burrows during their lives. They are left open after abandonment, and preferably located in xeric shrub lands and grasslands. The described morphological features of the burrows systems can be useful for the interpretation of fossil (post-Eocene) burrows.
Paleomagnetism of the Taseeva Group (Yenisei Ridge): on the Issue of the Geomagnetic Field Configuration at the Precambrian–Phanerozoic Boundary
Authors: Vinogradov E.V. , Metelkin D.V. , Abashev V.V. , Vernikovsky V.A. , Matushkin N.Yu. , Mikhaltsov N.E.
Published: February 2023

—We report results of a detailed study of the paleomagnetic record in the sedimentary rocks of the Taseeva Group of the Yenisei Ridge in three typical sections in the lower courses of the Angara, Taseeva and Irkineeva rivers. Our results confirm that the geomagnetic field was in an anomalous state at the Precambrian–Phanerozoic boundary. It is well known that Ediacaran rocks in general have preserved several different paleomagnetic directions that do not conform to the geocentric axial dipole model. For example, Siberian sections display two equally valid groups of paleopoles that cause many debates over the geometry of the geomagnetic field and whether any of the components correspond to its dipole configuration. The paleomagnetic record we studied is unique in that the rocks of the Chistyakovka and Moshakovka formations have captured both these components, which is factual evidence of a synchronous existence of two sources. To explain these findings, we propose an original hypothesis in which the bipolar component that is widely present in the rocks and corresponds to the Madagascar group of paleomagnetic poles is associated to the field of the geocentric axial dipole. The less widespread monopolar component corresponding to the Australian–Antarctic group of poles is reflective of a stationary anomalous source. The recording of this source became possible due to the abrupt decrease in the strength of the virtual dipole moment that probably was at its lowest during the accumulation of the Chistyakovka and Moshakovka formations. The new paleomagnetic pole calculated for the bipolar component – 39.2°N, 61.1°E – plots on the apparent polar wander path for Siberia and can be considered a key determination for the age ~570 Ma.
Intraperitoneal injection of MDMB-4en-PINACA mixed with clozapine: Biochemical, Behavioral and Histopathological assessment
Authors: Hassan Dalia Abd Elwahab , Ghaleb Sherien S. , Abdalla Ahmed G. Sobhi , Sharkawi Souty M.Z. , Abdelghany Asmaa K. , Hassan Randa Mohamed , Ahmad Manar . A
Published: February 2023

Background: In the last 5 years, synthetic cannabinoids (SCBs) rapidly developed as common drugs of abuse in Europe and the US. Rapidly different preparations became available online and in business institutions. Most of these preparations consist of inert plant materials laced with SCBs and are mixed with unknown pharmaceutical materials to possess pharmacological properties like Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC). Most of synthetic cannabinoids (SCBs) are smoked, but preclinical studies usually rely on injection for drug delivery. MDMB-4en-PINACA is extensively metabolized as many other synthetic cannabinoids.
Methods: A total of twenty-one male mice were divided into three groups at random (7 per each). Control group; not exposed to any treatment; MDMB-PINACA with clozapine low dose, MDMB-PINACA with clozapine high dose intraperitoneal injection. In our study we assessed this mixture for its abuse liability by an assessment of oxidative stress markers, histopathological and behavioral changes.
Result: intraperitoneal injection of MDMB-PINACA mixed with clozapine induced classic cannabinoid effect (tetrad effect) in mice(hypothermia, hypolocomotion, and increased latency in both catalepsy and tail immersion tests in mice); in addition to the biochemical alterations in brain neurotransmitters, cardiac enzymes and histopathological changes in brain and heart (acute inflammatory changes on both brain and heart) at high doses, besides hypothermia and antinoception with low doses
Conclusion: Exposure to MDMB-PINACA mixed with clozapine in high doses through intraperitoneal injection induced behavioural, biochemical, and histopathological alterations in nervous and cardiac systems of mice.
Investigating Fairness in Machine Learning-based Audio Sentiment Analysis using Spectrograms and Bag-of-visual-words
Authors: Luitel Sophina , Liu Yang , Anwar Mohd
Published: February 2023

Audio sentiment analysis is a growing area of research, however fairness in audio sentiment analysis is hardly investigated. We found research on machine learning tools’ reliability and fairness in various demographic groups. However, fairness in audio sentiment analysis regarding gender is still an uninvestigated field. In this research, we used 442 audio files of happiness and sadness -- representing equal samples of male and female subjects -- and generated spectrograms for each file. Then we used bag-of-visual-words method for feature extraction and Random Forest, Support Vector Machines and K-nearest Neighbors classifiers to investigate whether the machine learning models for audio sentiment analysis are fair among the two genders. We found the need for gender-specific models for audio sentiment analysis instead of a gender-agnostic general-model. Our results provided three pieces of evidence to back up our claim that the gender-agnostic model is bias in terms of accuracy of the audio sentiment analysis task. Furthermore, we discovered that a gender-specific model trained with female audio samples does not perform well against male audio files and vice versa. The best accuracy for female-model is 76% and male-model is 74%, which is significantly better than the gender-agnostic model’s accuracy of 66%.
Dysregulation of long non-coding RNA Rian expression in the brain of memory-impaired diabetic mice
Authors: Safari Razieh , Sanchooli Naser , Golalipour Mohammad Jafar , Sepehri Hamid , Golalipour Masoud
Published: February 2023

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease caused by complications in the body. One of these complications is memory deficit and learning disability. The hippocampus (HP) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) are the main regions of the brain involved in memory and learning. HP and PFC regions have specific long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) signature that possibly regulate their functions. In this study, we aimed to evaluate highly-expressed lncRNAs level change in the brain of diabetic mice. The diabetic mice were divided into memory loss and normal memory groups. The lncRNA expression changes were measured in HP and PFC regions. The expression level of several lncRNAs was changed in HP and PFC. Most importantly lncRNA Rian was increased in PFC and HP regions post-diabetes. The lncRNA Rian protects neuronal cells from injuries through GATA3 regulation. It is possible that overexpression of Rian is a protective response to diabetes-related injuries. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that several lncRNAs expressions have changed in the HP and PFC of diabetic mice suggesting the potential therapeutic targets for the alleviation of diabetes-induced neuronal toxicity.
WITHDRAWN: Modeling of left-turn vehicle trajectories and exit lane selection at signalized intersections
Authors: Lin Wuguang , Han Hao , Dong Yu , Tayijiang Dilinazi , Yu Qifeng
Published: February 2023

Under the urban road system, the most frequent locations for traffic accidents are concentrated at road intersections, where left-turning traffic is one of the most direct and important factors causing intersection conflicts. There are relatively few applied models that can effectively explain the trajectory change characteristics and exit lane selection behavior of left-turning vehicles, making it more difficult to achieve accurate analysis and prediction of intersection vehicle conflict behavior. This study extracted trajectories of left-turning vehicles at the intersection based on the video captured by the UAV, and a vehicle left-turning trajectory model was proposed based on the curvature change of the vehicle trajectory. Also, based on the geometric parameters of the intersection and video data, a vehicle exits lane selection model with intersection turning angle, vehicle type, vehicle position at the entrance lane, vehicle speed and following clearance, and front car position at the exit lane as variables was developed using random utility theory. The results show that the left-turn trajectory could be fitted with a flat curve, and the curvature of the trajectory varies with the aspect ratio of the intersection in a quadratic parabolic relationship. The left-turn trajectory model established in the paper could effectively characterize the driving trajectory of left-turning vehicles at different intersections. The exit lane selection model could effectively predict the distribution of left-turning vehicles in the exit lane position, as the turning angle, vehicle position at the entrance lane and vehicle speed have a significant effect on the choice of exit lane for left-turning vehicles.
HuMenDisCo: A Hungarian Speech Corpus of Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective and Bipolar Disorders
Authors: Szabó Martina Katalin , Vincze Veronika , Guba Csenge , Dam Bernadett , Solymos Adrienn , Bagi Anita , Szendi István
Published: February 2023

Here we present a Hungarian corpus of spontaneous speech texts produced by patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective or bipolar disorder, as well as those of healthy controls. Recordings which were later transcribed were produced in three different directed spontaneous speech tasks in a clinical environment. The survey was carried out involving 90 subjects and 526 texts were produced. Then, the collected recordings were manually transcribed by our research group. The written corpus texts were processed with a set of Natural Language Processing methods and tools. The final corpus consists of 158,386 tokens all together, without punctuation. During the data processing procedure, we also applied specific lexicons to enable us to examine linguistic intensification in the case of mental disorders. The dataset can be utilized in several related research tasks, like semantic-pragmatic analyses and in the automatic discrimination of the patients and the controls using our linguistic features.
The role of abandoned Short Rotation Forestry (SRF) plantations in plant carbon storage: a case study in Central Italy
Authors: Paletto Alessandro , Ceotto Enrico , Becagli Claudia , Casagli Alessandro , Manici Maria Luisa , De Meo Isabella
Published: February 2023

At the end of the last century, European Union (EU) energy policy encouraged the use of dedicated (Short Rotation Forestry or SRF) plantations in member countries in which fast-growing woody species are grown for energy purposes. Recently, in Italy some SRF plantations developed in the 90s have been abandoned or managed more extensively for economic and environmental reasons. However, these abandoned plantations can play a key role in biodiversity conservation and carbon storage. The present study is aimed to investigate the role of abandoned SRF plantations in climate change mitigation through the estimation of the plant carbon stock (C-stock) and fluxes (C-sequestration) in a case study in Central Italy. The C-stock and C-sequestration were estimated in three different 20-years SRF plantations (hybrid poplar, willow, black locust) located on the same site and unmanaged for 15 years. The results show a C-stock considering three of five C pools) equal to: 47.30 MgC ha− 1for hybrid poplar (65.3% in biomass and 34.7% in deadwood respectively), 23.02 MgC ha− 1for willow (77.6% and 22.4% respectively), and 80.41 MgC ha− 1for black locust (95.9% and 4.1% respectively). The average C-sequestration for the period 2008–2021 is estimated in 2.22 MgC ha− 1yr− 1for hybrid poplar, 1.91 MgC ha− 1yr− 1for willow, and 3.29 MgC ha− 1yr− 1for black locust plantations. Outcomes of the present research offer support for the forest restoration practices of similar abandoned SRF plantations. The application of extensive management techniques and the development of the naturalization process will ensure the role of “stepping stone” of these plantations, helping their evolution toward semi-natural systems mainly oriented to biodiversity conservation, habitats provision and C sink.
Exploring the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on co-morbid sleep disorders in preschool children with ADHD
Authors: Yilin Jiang , Heng Zhou , Jiayang Liu
Published: February 2023

Background

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) is one of the most common neurological developmental disorders in children and sleep disorders (SD) are a common co-morbidity in children with ADHD. There are currently no pharmacological treatment options for SD in children with ADHD of preschool age (4–6 years). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a novel non-invasive neuromodulation technique. This study explored the effectiveness of rTMS for co-morbid SD in preschool-aged children with ADHD.

Methods

Thirty-five children of preschool age with ADHD and co-morbid SD were recruited for this study. They met the diagnostic criteria for ADHD in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). The children were divided into a parent behaviour management training (PBMT) group (n = 19) and a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with parent behaviour management training group (n = 16). Both groups underwent eight weeks of PBMT. Children in the rTMS combined with PBMT group were given a right DLPFC low frequency stimulation intervention three times a week for the first four weeks. The children's SD levels were assessed using the Chinese version of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), which was measured before the start of the intervention, at the end of the eight-week intervention and four weeks after the end of the intervention, and was used to measure the effects of both intervention methods. Within-group differences were compared using a one-way ANOVA, and between-group differences were compared using an independent samples T-test.

Results

Both the PBMT group and the rTMS combined with PBMT group significantly improved the SD of preschool-aged children with ADHD (p < 0.05), but the effect of the intervention was more pronounced in the rTMS combined with PBMT group (p < 0.05) and lasted longer than the PBMT group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS) is a promising non-pharmacological therapy to improve SD in preschool-aged children with ADHD.
WITHDRAWN: Further refinement to the mathematical foundation of quantum mechanics
Authors: Lingfang Kong
Published: February 2023

The theoretical framework of quantum mechanics consists of five assumptions, and academic circle generally believed that the correctness of the assumptions can only be proved by experiments and cannot be proved theoretically. In this paper, according to the stochastic process problem in probability theory, we used Fourier transform, delta function and other methods to study stochastic motion, derived the wave function, superposition state and other concepts, thus giving the theoretical proof process of five assumptions. This paper is based on the basic concepts of quantum mechanics, the derivation process further improves the mathematical basis of quantum mechanics, but the derivation conclusion can be applied to both quantum mechanics and classical mechanics.
Differential recruitment of brain circuits during fear extinction in non-stressed compared to stress resilient animals
Authors: Estela-Pro Valerie , Pearson-Leary Jiah , Feindt-Scott Elizabeth , Yan Jason , Vigderman Abigail , Luz Sandra , Bangasser Debra , Ross Richard , Kubin Leszek , Bhatnagar Seema
Published: February 2023

Dysfunctional fear responses in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be partly explained by an inability to effectively extinguish fear responses elicited by trauma-related cues. However, only a subset of individuals exposed to traumatic stress develop PTSD. Therefore, studying fear extinction deficits in models of individual differences could help identify neural substrates that underlie vulnerability to the effects of stress. We used a rat model of social defeat in which passively coping rats exhibit vulnerability to stress and actively coping rats are stress-resilient. Adult male rats exposed to 7 days of social defeat were tested for fear extinction, retention of extinction, and persistence of retention using both shock-based contextual fear and ethologically-relevant fear tests. Passively coping rats exhibited elevated freezing in response to the previously extinguished context. Analyses of inter-region c-Fos correlations showed that actively coping rats had high correlations within hippocampal subregions, while passively coping rats had high correlations between the hippocampus and amygdala. Interestingly, although control rats and actively coping rats showed similar levels of extinction, there was little similarity between activated structures, suggesting stress resilience in response to chronic social defeat could involve an adaptive switch in brain circuits recruited to successfully extinguish fear memories.
A large pelvic stone with urothelial carcinoma on the wall of its cyst: a rare case report
Authors: Shen Jinhong , Xue Liang , Liu Wei , Zhao Yan
Published: February 2023

Background:The case of a huge pelvic stone with cystic wall urothelial carcinoma is extremely rare. The disease has no specific clinical manifestation, and its formation mechanism is unclear. There is no relevant literature report at present.Case introduction:In this report, a 65-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital because of frequent urination for more than 5 years and hematuria for half a year. After admission, a cystoscopy was performed and no new organisms were found on the inner wall of the bladder. Computer tomography(CT) showed a high-density shadow mass with a diameter of 61 mm in the pelvic cavity, with soft tissue density at the edge. The cystography results also showed that the high-density mass was located at the back of the bladder, and the inner wall of the bladder was complete. Laparoscopic surgery was performed after the relevant preparations were completed. The whole pelvic mass was removed completely. The inside of the mass was a huge stone with a smooth surface. The pathological examination result of the cyst wall was infiltrating urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation. The tumor thrombus was seen in the vein. The stone was cut and analyzed. The results were carbonate apatite and magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate. Follow-up after 3 months showed that the patient was in good condition without urination discomfort.Conclusions:This is an extremely rare case of a high density pelvic stone presenting with cystic mural urothelial carcinoma with a diameter of 61 mm reported in this report. Coupled with the various examinations after admission, leads to speculation that it may have originated from "ectopic bladder" or normal bladder tissue. In the future, this case can serve as a reference for similar cases.
RETRACTED: Microstructure and dielectric properties of Cu and Ho modified BaZrTiO3 ceramics for energy storage applications
Authors: Lather Aryan Singh , Poonia Kanika , Kundu RS , Ahlawat Neetu , Nehra Anuj , Kaur Shubhpreet
Published: February 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Determinants of Adoption of Improved Maize Varieties by Small Holder Farmers in Abuna Gindeberat, Ethiopia
Authors: Amante Adunaa
Published: February 2023

Maize is one of stable food populated and its production is widely practiced by farmers in different agro-ecology of Ethiopia. Improving its production is believed to be one of the most crucial strategies for food security in the countries. Qualitative and quantitative mixes of research approach were utilized. Study employed a three-stage sampling approach that included a purposive selection of district and Kebeles, as well as random sampling. Adopters and non-adopters were identified using stratified sampling, and respondents were chosen using simple random sampling.. Maize is one of the high yielding cereal crops that play an important role in the food security of the district. However, different sets of factors affecting adoption of improved maize varieties practices. The study indicate that there is positive relationship between adoption decision and practices of adoption of improved maize varieties in case of educational level, family size, extension contact, and attending demonstration. So, by giving emphasis on those variables would improve improved maize varieties adoption. Adoption decision of improved maize varieties by small holder farmers is influenced by their current status of demographic, institutional, socio-economic and psychological factors
Mapping of Road Surface Condition features for Unpaved Roads Through the use of Remotely Sensed Imagery from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Oppong-Adu Welbeck
Published: February 2023

Road surface condition evaluation is a critical component for the operation and maintenance of road infrastructure. The situation is more heightened for unpaved roads as they lack protective hard surfaces such as concrete or asphalt. New methods are now emerging for the identification and extraction of road surface condition parameters from remotely sensed imagery. Accordingly, this study illustrates an approach to identify and extract road surface condition parameters from remotely sensed imageries obtained from unpaved roads with unique environmental characteristics. An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) was used to capture images on unpaved roads where they were pre-processed, and analysed by building a digital elevation model (DEM) and orthomosaic. The processed imagery was validated with a conventional field measurement of road defects. The number of road defects identified and their severity was similar for both approaches. The defects counts were similar for all except one defect which vary for both approaches. The predictions of the extent of defect severity identified as percent count were exact – vegetation encroachment had the highest 100% and depression had the lowest of 25%. These findings illustrate the potential use of remotely sensed imagery from UAV to identify, extract, and measure road surface condition parameters for unpaved roads. The results can facilitate the monitoring operation of road agencies in the country towards low-cost and effective maintenance of roads.
ANALYSIS OF PATTERNS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT ON COMPONENTS OF NATIONAL SECURITY OF THE STATE
Authors: Tenytska Iryna , Samusevych Iaryna , Hordiienko Vita
Published: February 2023

As a result of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the activities of many production enterprises were suspended, many specialists lost their jobs, budgets at all levels received an additional burden due to the need for increased financial support for the normal functioning of health care institutions and medical personnel. All these destructive effects, individually and in combination, led to the deterioration of the level of national security of the countries of the world. Since in the scientific literature, national security is usually considered through the prism of social, economic and environmental security (which was confirmed with the help of bibliometric analysis using the Publish or Perish software product), these components of national security were chosen as the object of this study. The main task of the study is to empirically assess the extent of the destructive impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the components of the national security of the state and to determine the pre-pandemic and pandemic patterns of their formation. In order to test the main hypothesis of the study about the large-scale destructive impact of the pandemic on the components of the national security of the state, the growth rates of each of the indicators of the quantitative assessment of the corresponding block of the component of the national security of the state in the pre-pandemic period (2019/2000) and the pandemic period (2021/2019) were calculated. This study was conducted for a sample of 7 European countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, Romania, Ukraine). The assessment of the growth rate of the collected statistical indicators showed that among the determinants of social security during the outbreak of the pandemic, there was a decrease in the birth rate and life expectancy, an increase in the unemployment rate and mortality. Among the determinants of environmental security during the pandemic period, a decrease in CO2 emissions was recorded among all analyzed countries, except for Ukraine. The growth rates of alternative and nuclear energy and electricity generated from combustible renewable sources became incomparable due to their low relevance and prevalence at the beginning of the 20th century. Among the indicators of economic security, in most of the analyzed countries because of COVID-19 foreign direct investment and the level of public spending on education and military spending have significantly decreased, while the amount of current spending on health care has increased. The obtained empirical results based on the conducted statistical analysis mostly confirmed the hypothesis regarding the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the components of national security. The practical value of the obtained results lies in providing an informational basis for the development of short-, medium- and long-term policies that will pave the way for a strong and sustainable recovery of national security.
ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF THE STATISTICAL FORECAST FOR THE SHARE PRICE
Authors: Herasymenko Valeriia
Published: February 2023

The stock market is an important part of the world's economy, but the values of stocks change at a significant speed and finding an effective method of forecasting the price of stocks will be a significant victory for investors. The article is devoted to the use of statistical methods in the stock market, evaluating their effectiveness on the example of determining the forecast share price and comparing it with the real share price. In addition, work was carried out to determine the relevance of the research topic by means of bibliographic analysis based on the results of searching a selection of publications in the Scopus database with the subsequent use of the VOSviewer software toolkit. A time series covering the period of daily values of stock prices of Apple Inc. was chosen as the input test sample for developing the forecast. from December 12, 2016 to December 12, 2021. At the same time, the median values of the prices of the monthly financial shares of the Apple com corporation were used to build forecast models, since there is no information that fell on weekends for the studied time period. Forecasts are published using Statgraphics 19 software, which generates 17 forecast models: random walk, random walk with drift, constant mean, linear trend, quadratic trend, exponential trend, S-shaped trend, simple moving average, simple exponential smoothing with a smoothing coefficient α = 0.9999, linear exponential Brownian smoothing with smoothing factor α= 0.5705, linear exponential Holt smoothing with smoothing coefficients α = 0.9999 and β = 0.0359, quadratic exponential Brownian smoothing with smoothing coefficients α = 0.3046, ARIMA model. Akaike's information criterion was used to assess the quality of the models. As a result of the analysis, the ARIMA(1,0,0) model has the lowest value according to Akaike's criteria. On the basis of ARIMA(1,0,0), a forecast of stock market exchange rates was built 6 months ahead of the age of the final value of the input array. In the process of comparison with real data, a significant discrepancy between the forecasting results and the real share price in the forecasted period was found, however, the obtained models were tested for statistical significance. The conducted research showed that it is possible to use classical statistical methods to develop a forecast on the stock market only for a short-term period, while it is necessary to take into account the risk factors inherent in the stock market (the frequency of share price changes during the day, liquidity risks, operational risks, political situation in the world).
Abundance, foraging behavior and pollination efficiency of insects visiting the flowers of Aonla (Emblica officinalis)
Authors: Sihag Ram Chander , Saini Reena
Published: February 2023

Many insect species visit the flowers of a plant and play an important role in their pollination. Of late, the interest of the pollination biologists has been to determine their relative contribution towards the reproductive success of the plant. Such information is lacking on the pollinators of Aonla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.), a plant of very high nutritive and medicinal importance. Therefore, let’s attempt to make this study to generate such information on this plant. The study was conducted on three varieties of Aonla (viz. Chakaiya, NA-7 and NA-10) for two years. An entire range of flower visitors of this fruit plant was captured with hand net from its field during its flowering period and were identified. On the basis of foraging mode, the flower visitors were characterized as pollinators and non-pollinators. Their abundances, foraging rates, activity durations and number of pollen grains carried on the surface were recorded, and these parameters were used to determine their relative contribution towards the reproductive success of this plant. Among the 12 insect species visiting the flowers of Aonla at the study site, 5 belonged to Hymenoptera, 6 to Diptera and one to Lepidoptera. Apis dorsata was the most abundant visitor having maximal foraging rate and carried maximal number of loose pollen grains, followed by A. mellifera, A. florea and Sarcophaga sp; other visitors had lesser values of these parameters. On the basis of these parameters, melittophilous mode of pollination was found to predominate in Aonla. However, the plant was found to be benefitted from the multispecies pollinator guild, and the pollinator diversity seemed to matter for maximization of pollination in Aonla. Therefore, there is a dire need to conserve the pollinator diversity
Bacterial Culture Results of Septic Arthritis in Cattle
Authors: Francoz David , Desrochers André , Fecteau Gilles , Fortin Mado
Published: February 2023

Septic arthritis is a common cause of lameness in cattle. Affected animals are very lame and their productive life seriously compromised. Treatment with systemic antibiotics should be started rapidly to decrease the chance of permanent lesions affecting the animal. Because bacteriological results are rarely available before 48 to 72 hours after specimen submission, the knowledge of commonly isolated bacteria will help the clinician to start the appropriate antibiotic therapy until further results. The objectives of this study were to estimate the frequency of positive bacterial culture of clinically affected cattle with septic arthritis and to describe the type of bacteria most commonly isolated.
Efficacy of Intramammary Tilmicosin at Drying-off, and Other Risk Factors, for Prevention of New Intramammary Infections during the Dry Period
Authors: Dingwell R. T. , Duffield T. F. , Leslie E. , Keefe G. P. , DesCôteaux L. , Kelton D. F. , Lissemore K. D. , Schukken Y. H.
Published: February 2023

This study compared the efficacy of an intramammary infusion containing tilmicosin phosphate to an infusion of a negative-control intramammary placebo for preventing new intramammary infections (IMI) during the dry period.
Hyperkaluria as a Risk Factor for Periparturient Paresis in Dairy Cows
Authors: Eicher R. , Settler M. , Tschudi P.
Published: February 2023

Periparturient hypocalcemia is one of the main metabolic challenges in dairy cows. Traditionally, high dietary calcium during the dry period was hypothesized to be the major risk factor for periparturient paresis. However, recent research has shown that metabolic alkalosis induced by high potassium in the diet plays a major role in the development of parturient hypocalcemia 1. Therefore, anionic diets are increasingly being used in practice to prevent milk fever. In rations based on forages with high potassium content, anionic diets are problematic because of the quantity of anionic salts needed, leading to a reduction of dry matter intake. The following case report illustrates the influence of a high potassium load on the incidence of milk fever in a herd without a prevention program for periparturient hypocalcemia.
Early Weaning
Authors: Arthington John D.
Published: February 2023

Recent results from our research have shown that early-weaned, first-calf heifers require approximately 50% less energy to achieve and maintain moderate body condition compared to lactating heifers of the same age. Early weaning also has positive implications on the value of the calves post-weaning. The use of early weaning, followed by 100 days of winter annual grazing, produces calves that have recovered from weaning stress and know how to eat. Further, researchers from the University of Illinois have reported that early weaning improved the percentage of calves grading USDA Choice or higher by over 80% compared to normal weaned calves.
Nutritional Management Opportunities for Veterinarians
Authors: Herd D. B.
Published: February 2023

Improved decisions can be made both in nutrition and veterinary practice advice when both cattle performance and herd economic information is available to all involved. Conception rates, percent calf crop and pounds weaned per cow exposed are good measures of cattle performance. Cost per pound of calf weaned is very helpful. Total costs per cow, if possible broken down by pasture, supplemental feed, veterinary, etc. helps further. Veterinarians would do well to encourage producers to conduct a SPA analysis and share this information with everyone involved with managing or advising the operation.