bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kajian Kesenjangan Pendapatan Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Daniel Prima Audia
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh jumlah penduduk, inflasi, investasi dan pertumbuhan ekonomi terhadap kesenjangan pendapatan di Kota Jambi selama lima tahun (2007-2011). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Gini Ratio untuk kesenjangan pendapatan dan regresi berganda Durbin Watson untuk mengetahui factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesenjangan pendapatan. 
Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa seluruh variabel independen berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesenjangan pendapatan di Jawa Tengah. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Hipotesis Kuznets berlaku dalam penelitian ini. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hubungan positif antara pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kesenjangan pendapatan.
Kajian Pengaruh Belanja Daerah Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Nurdin Nudin
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini mengambil judul kajian Pengaruh Belanja Daerah Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Provinsi Jambi dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang diambil dari instansi terkait. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda dimana variabel dependennya adalah PDRB. Adapun variabel independennya adalah Belanja Tidak Langsung dan Belanja Langsung pada APBD Propinsi Jambi.
Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa setiap terjadi peningkatan Belanja Tidak Langsung sebesar 1 persen akan meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi Propinsi Jambi sebesar 0,006 persen. Sementara setiap terjadi peningkatan Belanja Langsung sebesar 1 persen akan meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi Propinsi Jambi sebesar 0,004 persen. Besarnya koefisien determinasi menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi Propinsi Jambi dipengaruhi oleh variabel independen sebesar 98,1 persen sementara untuk sisanya sebesar 1,9 persen dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak dimasukkan ke dalam penelitian ini. Analisis menghasilkan variabel independen secara bersama-sama maupun individu berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Propinsi Jambi. Secara parsial baik Belanja Tidak Langsung maupun Belanja Langsung berpengaruh positif dan signifikan pertumbuhan ekonomi Propinsi Jambi
Pengaruh Beban Operasional dan Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO) terhadap Return On Asset (ROA) pada PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (persero), TBk periode 2007-2012
Authors: Atikah Atikah
Published: August 2021

The various aspects that affect the development of a bank, can be assessed qualitatively because each element contain a variety of interrelated aspects and interplay with one another. Having regard to the development of financial statements can be obtained from portrayal of good to poor circumstances or financial position of a bank.Profit the company described the compensation that may be available to employees.The company's ability to generate profits indicate that there is a flow of cash coming in.It would be one of the reasons external parties to be able to invest their funds. Ability to obtain one of them reflected on the magnitude of the value of the Return On Assets in a Bank, where his great abilities are one of the factors that affected the operational performance of banking is one of the comparative cost of quantity is the charge indicators will operanional and operating income (BOPO). During the period 2007-2012 ROA PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (persero), TBk.
ROA PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (persero), TBk appropriate fluctuates but with a trend to decline, while in the same period BOPO also fluctuates but with the trend to increase. BOPO and ROA influence negatively with great influence of coefficient of 0.012 meaning. If BOPO increase the ROA will decrease, which each increased 1% BOPO will cause ROA declined by 0.012%.
Pengaruh Distribusi Pendapatan dan Daya Serap Tenaga Kerja Pada Industri Kecil di Kota Jambi
Authors: Sabyan Muhammad
Published: August 2021

Sektor industri mempunyai peranan penting dalam menuju kemajuan dalam sebuah perekonomian, ini dikarenakan sektor industri diyakini dapat memimpin sektor-sektor dalam menciptakan nilai tambah yang dibanding produk-produk sektor lain. Dengan menggunakan analisis CES maka dapat dilihat bahwa sektor industrialisasi dan pembangunan industri merupakan salah satu jalur untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan rakyat dalam arti peningkatan pendapatan. Searah dengan perkembangan industri, ini mencerminkan peningkatan daya serap tenaga kerja, maka diharapkan juga terjadi pendistribusian pendapatan atas pemilik modal dengan tenaga kerja yang lebih merata.
Pendidikan Dan Kaitannya Dengan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Di Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Hidayat Syurya
Published: August 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian yang dilakukan adalah untuk menganalisis kaitan pendidikan dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Sehingga pada akhirnya dapat dirumuskan kebijakan dan program peningkatan pendidikan dalam mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi di Provinsi Jambi. Metode Analisis yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif beserta metode cross-sectional. Hasil analisis menunjukan kaitan antara keluaran pendidikan menengah atas dan kejuruan, dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi belum terlihat secara maksimal. Terdapat kesenjangan antara keluaran pendidikan yang ditawarkan dengan keahlian yang diminta oleh sektor yang menjadi unggulan daerah sehingga menimbulkan pengangguran terdidik. Hal ini juga terjadi pada keluaran pendidikan tinggi.
Analisis Sektor Pertanian Terhadap Pertumbuhan Pembangunan Ekonomi Di Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Nurdin Nurdin , Sabyan Muhammad
Published: August 2021

Pertanian merupakan salah satu sektor Basis yang mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting dalam kelangsungan perekonomian di Indonesia. Dengan baik nya perjalanan sektor pertanian maka otomatis akan mempengaruhi laju pertumbuhan perekonomian negara kita. Dengan mempertimbangkan hal tersebut di atas maka dengan ini penulis merasa tertarik untuk lebih jauh meneliti sektor tersebut dalam skala yang ada di Provinsi Jambi.
Pengaruh Neraca Transaksi Berjalan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman
Published: August 2021

Indonesia is a country with an open economy, which means activities in developing economies are heavily influenced by the foreign sector. The openness of the economy has an impact on a country's balance of payments relating to the flow of trade and capital flows. Various efforts are needed to increase exports in order to increase the Reserves . While the policy on imports directed to protect and develop domestic production. On the other hand domestic funding constraints need to be addressed to maintain fluency in development, so that funds from abroad in the form of loans or assistance that is still very necessary. All of this is intended to maintain the stability of International Balance of Payments (BOP) that prose foreign trade can be sustained. In one there is a structure of balance of payments current account (current account). In theory consists of the balance of current account balance on goods, services account, and unilateral transfers. Positive value or an increase in the current account means there is a current account surplus and vice versa if it is negative or the so-called current account deficit decline.
Strategi Pemberdayaan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah dalam Rangka Menyongsong Pasar Global
Authors: Rosmiati Rosmiati
Published: August 2021

The era globalization has challenged business to compete produce a quality product types. Once the importance of the role of bussines especially micro, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in producing a product, it is necessary effors and right strategies for empowering  micro, small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This study aims to develop a proper strategi to maximize and develop micro, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and area need to be known and analyzed. The method in this study is a deskriptif study of literature review study discussed the strategi of empowering micro, small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The are three (3) basic policies needed in empowering micro, small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which are (1) creating a conducive bussinessenvironment at the same time providing an evirontment that encourages the development of SMEs syistemically, independent, and sustainable, (2) creating insurance system financially to the operation of productive economic activities undertaken by SMEs and (3) provide technical assistance and managerial assistance in order to improve th e status of SME. The conclusion of this literature review provide an important means for achieving planning appropriate strategies on  micro, small and medium enterprises (SMEs).
Ekonomi Pembangunan Terhadap Pengangguran di Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Afrizal Afrizal
Published: August 2021

Unemployment in developing countries such as Indonesia, the economic development of this country as a growing number of unemployment is a problem that is more complicated and more serious than the problem of changes in income distribution are less profitable low-income residents
Unemployment in Jambi Province has reached tens of thousands of people is an urgent problem that must be solved because of the impact of unemployment it would be very dangerous to the social order of life. It is a fact that various social evils such as theft / muggings/robberies, prostitution, Jula buy children, street children and others merupakandampakdaripengangguran.
Analisis Determinan Kemiskinan di Sumatera
Authors: Mubyarto Novi
Published: August 2021

Menggunakan data panel dari 10 provinsi untuk periode 1993-2012, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor penentu kemiskinan di Sumatera. Adapun model analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah model regresi data panel dengan metode first difference. Hasil empiris menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi di sumatera selama periode 1993-2012 tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemiskinan, tetapi peningkatan ketimpangan pendapatan meningkatkan kemiskinan di wilayah tersebut. Peningkatan indek pembangunan manusia berpengaruh signifikan terhadap menurunkan kemiskinan,  Di sisi lain, variabel positif dan signifikan terkait dengan kemiskinan  di Sumatera adalah tingkat inflasi dan dummy krisis. Selain itu pengangguran tidak signifikan mempengaruhi kemiskinan di Sumatera.
Analisis Hubungan Pengeluaran Pemerintah dan PDRB Pemerintah Kabupaten Merangin
Authors: Mahmud Mahmud , Nuranti Lita Dwi
Published: August 2021

Pengeluaran Pemerintah aplikasi dari kebijakan dalam upaya peningkatan pelayanan umum dan kesejahteraan masyarakat di daerah. Oleh karena itu Pemerintah Daerah dan DPRD yang merupakan salah satu instrumen utama berupaya secara nyata dan terstruktur untuk menghasilkan APBD yang betulÃƒâ€šÃ‚Â­betul mencerminkan kebutuhan riil masyarakat di daerah sesuai dengan potensi masing-masing. Untuk melihat apakah daerah telah siap secara  pansial untuk menyongsong otonomi daerah, antara lain adalah dengan melihat apakah sumber-sumber penerimaan APBD nya mampu menutup anggaran belanja daerah yang bersangkutan.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Pendapatan Wanita Di Kota Jambi
Authors: Neldawaty Rika , Putra Iwan Eka
Published: August 2021

Kontribusi wanita bekerja sangat tinggi di kota Jambi Sebagai individu, perempuan juga memiliki harapan-harapan, kebutuhanÃƒâ€šÃ‚Â­-kebutuhan, minat dan potensi yang menekankan nilai positif manusia. Perempuan juga membutuhkan aktualisasi diri yang seoptimal mungkin demi pengembangan dirinya, sesuatu pada akhirnya juga membawa dampak positif pada pengembangan umat manusia secara umum. Perempuan yang jumlahnya lebih dari setengah jumlah penduduk dapat menjadi sumber daya manusia yang sangat potensial bagi pembangunaan masyarakat dan bangsa.
Analisis Komoditas, Produk & Jenis Usaha Unggulan Di Kota Jambi
Authors: Yuvanda Sesraria
Published: August 2021

Penelitian KPJu Kota Jambi memiliki tujuan yaitu Menetapkan KPJu unggulan tingkat Kecamatan dan tingkat Kota Jambi, Merumuskan kebyakan beserta program dan kegiatan pengembangan KPJu unggulan Kota Jambi. Untuk menganalisis tersebut digunakan model analisis Perbandingan Eksponensial, dan Metode Borda.
Berdasarkan hasil olahan dan analisis data dengan metode APE dan Metode Borda, maka dapat disimpulkan pointer tentang KPJu Unggulan Kota Jambi. : buah-buahan, kelapa sawit, sapi, ikan patin, kayu gergajian, pasir, pengolahan makanan, bahan bangunan, jasa bengkel, angkutan barang, dan wisata kuliner.
Kebyakan beserta program dan kegiatan pengembangan KPJu unggulan Kota Jambi mengacu kepada pengembangan KPJu berbasis sektoral/ subsektoral. Ini berarti, kebyakan dan program KPJu harus mampu menumbuhkembangkan KPJu unggulan di Kota Jambi pada setiap sektor/subsector terpilih.
Analisis Pajak Hotel Di Kabupaten Sarolangun
Authors: Soleh Ahmad , Suhali Suhali
Published: August 2021

Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis berapa besar kontribusi pajak hotel terhadap penerimaan pajak daerah dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penerimaan pajak hotel di Kabupaten Sarolangun. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder dan data primer dari objek dari penelitian ini. Alat analisis data dalam penelitian ini untuk mmasalah pertama menggunakan model kontribusi dan untuk model kedua menggunakan model regresi berganda.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Secara rata-rata kontribusi Pajak Hotel terhadap pendapatan asli daerah di Kabupaten Sarolangun selama tahun 2003-2012 adalah sebesar 0,098 persen dan variabel Jumlah Penerimaan Pajak, Jumlah Hotel, Jumlah Hunian dan Besaran Tarif Pajak berpengaruh secara Signifikan terhadap penerimaan pajak di Kabupaten Sarolangun.
PENGARUH UPAH DAN PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS TENAGA KERJA DI PROVINSI JAMBI
Authors: Daniel Prima Audia
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini dilator belakangi oleh rendahnya produktivitas tenaga kerja di Provinsi Jambi, dengan tujuan mengetahui dan menganalisis berapa besar pengaruh upah dan tingkat pendidikan terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja yang ada di provinsi Jambi. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuaantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder, dan menggunakan model regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa baik secara parsial dan simultan upah dan pendidikan berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja di provinsi Jambi
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI, PENDIDIKAN DAN PENGANGGURAN TERHADAP KEMISKINAN DI PROVINSI JAMBI
Authors: Sari Yolanda , Falianto Antony
Published: August 2021

Permasalahan strategis di pemerintahan Provinsi Jambi tidak jauh berbeda dengan di pemerintahan pusat (problem nasional), yakni masih tingginya angka kemiskinan di Provinsi Jambi. Oleh karena itu, kemiskinan menjadi tanggung jawab bersama, terutama pemerintah sebagai penyangga proses perbaikan kehidupan masyarakat dalam sebuah pemerintahan, untuk segera mencari jalan keluar dengan merumuskan  langkah-langkah yang sistematis dan strategis sebagai upaya pengentasan kemiskinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi, pendidikan dan pengangguran terhadap kemiskinan di Provinsi Jambi baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan.
Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder berupa data pertumbuhan ekonomi, pendidikan, pengangguran dan kemiskinan di Provinsi Jambi pada tahun 2004-2019. Metode pengolahan data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda.
Hasil analisis untuk persamaan regresi linier berganda adalah sebagai berikut:        LogY = 7,800 -  0,219LogX1 ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â€šÂ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å“ 0,406LogX2 + 0,036LogX3 + e dengan X1 Pendidikan, X2 Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, X3  Pengangguran dan Y adalah Kemiskinan di Provinsi Jambi. Kemudian dari hasil analisis diperoleh hasil bahwa X1, X2 dan X3 berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Y. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan beberapa hal sebagai berikut: 1) variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi (X1) dan pendidikan (X2) berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap Kemiskinan (Y). Dan variabel pengagguran (X3) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan (Y) di Provinsi Jambi Tahun 2004-2019. 2) Secara simultan diperoleh bahwa Pertumbuhan Ekonomi (X1), Pendidikan (X2) Dan Pengangguran (X3) mempunyai pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap Kemiskinan (Y) di Provinsi Jambi periode 2004-2019.
PENGARUH PROMOSI PENJUALAN PAKAIAN TERHADAP MINAT BELI PADA TOKO JOYA JAMBI
Authors: Marsyaf Agesha
Published: August 2021

Pada dasarnya setiap konsumen memiliki berbagai macam faktor yang mempengaruhi dalam berprilaku, salah satunya adalah minat terhadap berbagai produk termasuk produk busana atau pakaian muslim. Prilaku konsumen sangat berkaitan erat dengan sikap konsumen terhadap produk busana muslim, sikap terhadap prilaku dimana seseorang melakukan penilaian atas sesuatu yang menguntungkan dan tidak menguntungkan. Konsep sikap sangat berkaitan erat dengan kepercayaan istilah ini membentuk sikap konsumen seringkali menggambarkan hubungan antara kepercayaan, sikap dan perilaku konsumen
Hasil hitungan regresi sederhana untuk Promosi menunjukan bahwa Promosi mempunyai pengaruh yang Positif dan Signifikan, dengan nilai Koefisien regresi sebesar 0,620 dengan tingkat signifikansi sebesar 0,005, artinya variabel independen pada penelitian ini yaitu promosi berpengaruh terhadap variabel dependen yang dalam hal ini adalah minat beli
PENGARUH PDRB SEKTOR PERTANIAN UPAH MINIMUM PROVINSI TERHADAP PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA SEKTOR PERTANIAN
Authors: Basri Hasan , Putra Adi
Published: August 2021

Tujuan yang ingin dicapai pada penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana perkembangan serta pengaruh PDRB sektor pertanian, Upah Minimum Provinsi terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja sektor pertanian di Provinsi Jambi untuk menganalisis tersebut jenis data penelitian yang dipergunakan pada penelitian ini berupa data sekunder yang bersumber dari publikasi ilmiah dari lembaga pemerintah berupa data jumlah Tenaga Kerja Sektor Pertanian, PDRB sektor pertanian dan UMP Provinsi Jambi. Metode analisis data pada penelitian ini adalah menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisi kuantitatif, dimana analisis deskriptif dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengambarkan secara sistematis variabel yang di analisis sedangkan analisis kuantitatif digunakan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi penyerapan tenaga kerja sektor pertanian di Provinsi Jambi selama periode penelitian tersebut. Hasil penelitian didapatkan dapat dikemukakan dimana penyerapan tenaga kerja sektor pertanian di Provinsi Jambi bernilai negatif pada saat kondisi PDRB sektor pertanian dan UMP tidak mengalami peningkatan, tetapi jika nilai PDRB sektor pertanian dan UMP meningkat maka penyerapan tenaga kerja di sektor pertanian juga mengalami peningkatan. Pentingnya kontribusi PDRB sektor Pertanian dan Upah Minimum Provinsi terhadap peningkatan penyerapan tenaga kerja pertanian di Provinsi Jambi harus menjadi perhatian dan dukungan pemerintah daerah secara baik, bentuk dukungan tersebut dapat berupa kebijakan-kebijakan yang tepat dan dapat mendorong peningkatan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto, Pembangunan Daerah dan kesejahteraan masyarakat di Provinsi Jambi.
DETERMINAN KEMISKINAN DI PROVINSI JAMBI
Authors: Daniel Prima Audia , Soleh Ahmad , Kurniawan Hendra , Firmansyah Deni
Published: August 2021

Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang disajikan dalam bentuk data tahunan/series mulai tahun 2010-2019, yang diperoleh dari lembaga BPS RI, BPS Provinsi Jambi dan Bappeda Provinsi Jambi.  Alat analisis menggunakan model Analisis Model Regresi Berganda dan Korelasi Pearson dengan menggunakan software eviews 8.0 dan SPSS versi 21.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi (GE) dan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) secara parsial berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan dalam menurunkan kemiskinan Provinsi Jambi, sedangkan jumlah penduduk produktif (JP) justru berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan kemiskinan di Provinsi Jambi selama periode 2010-2019. Sedangkan pengeluaran pemerintah dan angkatan kerja tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap naik atau turunnya kemiskinan Provinsi Jambi selama periode 2010-2019. Namun secara simultan pertumbuhan ekonomi, pengeluaran pemerintah, jumlah penduduk, IPM dan angkatan kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap naik turunnya kemiskinan Provinsi Jambi dengan  besar R-squared 87,00 persen.
ANALISIS RASIO PROFITABILITAS PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA BANK BUMN)
Authors: Ermaini Ermaini , Kurniasih Endah Tri , Suryani Ade Irma , Herdawati Trie
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini berfokus pada analisis kinerja keuangan Bank yang berbentuk Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2016 sampai dengan 2020. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis perkembangan rasio-rasio 4 bank BUMN tersebut. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data sekunder yang bersumber dari Annual Report yaitu PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk, PT. Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk, PT. Bank Tabungan Negara Tbk dan PT. Bank Mandiri Tbk. Adapun variabel yang dijadikan penelitian yaitu rasio profitabilitas yang terdiri dari rasio NIM, ROA dan ROE. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa rasio Ã¢â‚¬â€œ rasio profitabilitas bank BUMN selama periode 2016 sampai 2020 berfluktuatif dan menunjukan trend menurun pada tahun 2020 dikarenakan wabah pandemi covid 19.
Série de raiografias
Authors: Tondeur Anaïs
Published: August 2021

"Chernobyl Herbarium": Raiografias - Impressão de pigmento em papel de algodão. Dimensões: 24x36 cm. 2011-em andamentoSobre a artista: Anaïs Tondeur é artista visual. Mestra em "Mixed-media" (Artes mistas) pela Royal College of Arts (2010), e bacharel em Artes Têxteis pela Central Saint Martins College (2008) em Londres. Já trabalhou como artista residente junto aos cientistas do Museu de História Natural, bem como da Universidade Pierre e Marie Curie, Sorbonne-Paris (2015), e no Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Paris (2015). Trabalhou ainda no Laboratório de Hidrodinâmica (LadHyx) na Ecole Polytechnique do National Centre for Scientific Research, França (2013-2015). Atualmente, realiza pesquisa em solos urbanos com antropólogos, geógrafos e ecologistas como parte do laboratório de Chamarande com curadoria da COAL (Coalition for Art and Sustainable Development).Sobre as raiografias: Projeto composto por raiogramas de plantas cresceram nos solos da Zona de Exclusão de Chernobyl, estudada pela equipe da biogenética Martin Hajduch que analisa os impactos da radioatividade na flora. As imagens foram criadas pela impressão direta de espécimes de um herbário radioativo em placas fotossensíveis. Traços de traços materiais de um desastre invisível, essas imagens são capturadas na borda do visível. Compõem o livro "The Chernobyl Herbarium: fragments of an exploded consciousness" de Michael Marder e Anaïs Tondeur, junto a 35 fragmentos de textos do filósofo Marder, os quais convidam a refletir, significar e simbolizar, fazendo um balanço da consciência fragmentada do acidente e, talvez, cultivando outra forma de viver mais afinada com o meio ambiente.
Ultra-Precision Single-Point Diamond Turning of a Complex Sinusoidal Mesh Surface Using Machining Accuracy Active Control
Authors: Ning Peixing , Zhao Ji , Ji Shijun , Li Jingjin , Dai Handa
Published: August 2021

Single-point diamond turning (SPDT) assisted with slow tool servo (STS) is the most commonly utilized technique in the fabrication of optical modules. However, the tool path significantly affects the quality of the machined surface. In order to realize the determined machining accuracy effectively, a tool path generation (TPG) method based on machining accuracy active control (MAAC) is presented. The relationship between tool path and machining error is studied. Corner radius compensation (CRC) and the calculation of chord error and residual error are detailed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified through a machining error simulation and a cutting experiment of a complex sinusoidal mesh surface fabrication.
Passive acoustic monitoring of river dolphin (Inia geoffrensis and Sotalia fluviatilis) presence:
Authors: Muirhead Charles A
Published: August 2021

All river dolphin species are in decline as a direct result of intensified anthropogenic activity along river systems. In South America, the size and geographical complexity of their range pose a challenge to status assessment. Passive acoustic monitoring offers a cost-effective, scalable, and readily standardized method for determining species distribution and can augment the spatiotemporal coverage of visual survey efforts currently underway. A passive acoustic survey of dolphin presence was conducted in two areas of the Amazon River subject to different degrees of human use; the inland port city Iquitos and the Pacaya-Samiria National Reserve, in Peru. Surveys were based on acoustic detection of biosonar activity. Recorders were distributed at 17 sites along 61 linear km of river habitat for durations of 46 to 148 h. Dolphin presence was 45% lower near the city than in the reserve. This study demonstrates the efficacy of acoustic monitoring as a method for testing dolphin redistribution and/or decline hypotheses in the context of anthropogenic development. The methods are applicable to continuous future monitoring and status assessment of river dolphins in South America as well as in Asia.
Laser Soldering Properties of MEMS Probe for Semiconductor Water Testing
Authors: Hong Won Sik , Kim Mi-Song , Kim Myeongin , Yun Sang-Hyuk , Park Yunhwi
Published: August 2021

In this study, the laser soldering process of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) probes and multilayer ceramic (MLC) substrates was optimized with Type 4 (T4) and Type 7 (T7) Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305), Type 4 Sn-0.3Ag-0.7Cu (SAC0307), and Type 4 Sn-5.0Sb (SnSb) soldering, and the probe solder joint properties were compared. SAC0307 and SnSb were used to confirm the bonding property of the low-Ag solder and the high-temperature durability. We conducted a thermal cycling test (TCT) with 500 cycles at temperatures of -25 ℃ to 105 ℃ with a 10-min dwell time at each temperature. Before and after the TCT, the microstructure of solder joint as well as the shear strength between the probe and the MLC were examined. The results revealed that, after the TCT, the degradation rate of T7 SAC305 solder was lower than that of T4 SAC305, and the SnSb solder did not exhibit bonding strength degradation. The fracture mode of the SAC solder joint was ductile-brittle. In the case of the SnSb joint, brittle fracture was the major fracture mode because of the Sn-Sb intermetallic compounds. The SnSb solder had an excellent bonding strength and degradation property after the TCT, but the lack of toughness caused brittle fracture. These results confirm the applicability of T4 SnSb and T7 SAC305 solders for high-temperature response and fine pitch bonding.
It’s now or never! Future discounting in the application of the online privacy calculus
Authors: Lünich Marco , Marcinkowski Frank , Kieslich Kimon
Published: August 2021

Many people engage in extensive use of networked digital systems despite concerns over their privacy, a phenomenon called the “online privacy paradox.” Although privacy calculus research has argued that the benefits of usage usually outweigh the expected privacy losses, it is unclear why people come to this conclusion. We argue that users treat decisions about digital media use as intertemporal choices; that is, they mentally shift into the future the potential damage connected with risk-taking while being convinced of the immediate enjoyment of the benefits of technology use. An online survey conducted among German users for three use cases—e-commerce, online political participation, and self-tracking—indicated that users expect benefits to materialize earlier than associated costs and that the earlier the benefits occur, the higher the amount of benefits users expect. The expected time of the occurrence of benefits and risks explains digital media use in addition to cost–benefit calculations, suggesting a time-discounting bias.
Social media and eating disorder psychopathology: A systematic review
Authors: Padín Paula Frieiro , González-Rodríguez Rubén , Verde-Diego Carmen , Vázquez-Pérez Raquel
Published: August 2021

The relationship between socialization through social media (SM) and eating disorders (EDs) is a serious problem for public health, largely affecting the mental health of younger people. This work aimed to identify scientific works addressing ED psychopathologies, studying their relationship with SM usage. In this systematic review, we analyze the available scientific evidence, thereby providing tools for intervention, prevention, and treatment. A systematic review and PRISMA analysis of narrative syntheses was carried out. Works were selected from the databases of Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and PsycINFO. Out of a total of 257 references, 19 articles were identified and selected; among them, correlational studies predominated. A growing interest in the subject matter was identified, as it is undergoing constant changes. The investigations found that EDs and SM usage are influenced by the time spent on SM, the type of interactions, and shared photographs, as well as gender and sociocultural context.
The Chalmers Trilemma Re-examined
Authors: Prelević Duško ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2021

The Continuum Hypothesis seems to be a counterexample to David Chalmers’s A Priori Scrutability thesis, according to which there is a compact class of truths (the scrutability base) from which all truths are a priori scrutable. Chalmers’s three-part answer to this problem (which I call the “Chalmers trilemma”) runs as follows: either the Continuum Hypothesis is indeterminate; or adding a new axiom will settle the issue; or, if these two options do not work, we should add the Continuum Hypothesis (or its negation) to the scrutability base. I argue that Chalmers’s answer is unsatisfactory: the first horn of the trilemma can be interpreted in several ways, and either it departs from common mathematical practice and rests on weak analogies, or it shares the same problems with two other horns; the second horn does not provide good reasons to believe that from a fixed system of axioms all truths about our world are scrutable; the third horn of the trilemma renders Chalmers’s project empty.
Swedish reciprocal ransoms and multinational solutions to insecurity in the Mediterranean, c. 1720�1740
Authors: �stlund Joachim
Published: August 2021

This article compares the Swedish government�s legal practices to secure protection for its trade and shipping with the legal strategies for protection which circulated among sailors and consuls along the Swedish trade route to the Mediterranean in the late 17th and early 18th centuries. One major threat to Swedish commercial interests at the time were the �Barbary corsairs�, and the challenges when they captured ships and seized crews, whether Swedish sailors (many of them from Sweden�s Baltic and German provinces) on foreign-flagged ships or foreign sailors on Swedish ships. Consuls and traders knew of the problems caused when sailors crossed legal borders and challenged the rules of state protection. To counter this a more international model of maritime security was tested by attempting to strengthen the presence of the state in ransoms affairs in northern Africa. This model was developed when the Swedish Levant Company was founded. The main idea was shared responsibility between nations to ransom sailors serving under foreign flags, culminating in �reciprocal ransom agreements� in 1742. Even though reciprocal ransom agreements were short-lived, it shows two different modes to counter insecurity in the Mediterranean, one based on local customs and regional elite networks and the other on multinational agreements and the discourse of international law.
« Un somnifère dans la pâtisserie fédéraliste » ? La réception du rapport Pepin-Robarts au sein des sphères intellectuelles indépendantistes québécoises : le cas de L’Action nationale*
Authors: Carlos1 Jean-Philippe
Published: August 2021

Organe de presse de la Ligue d’action nationale et carrefour intellectuel du mouvement nationaliste depuis sa fondation par Esdras Minville en 1933, L’Action nationale s’est positionnée de manière à établir un dialogue idéologique faisant le pont entre l’indépendantisme « pur et dur » et le fédéralisme renouvelé durant la décennie 1970. La revue fut d’ailleurs l’un des rares périodiques québécois à suivre de près les activités de la commission Pepin- Robarts, démontrant un réel intérêt par rapport à l’évolution des travaux des commissaires. Cet article propose donc de revenir sur les positions de L’Action nationale vis-à-vis les travaux et les recommandations finales de la commission Pepin-Robarts et de déterminer quelles furent les retombées de cet épisode dans l’orientation de la ligne éditoriale de la revue à l’heure de la marche vers la souveraineté-association.
La « formule d’amendement constitutionnel » de la commission Pepin-Robarts : sa genèse,
ses mérites et ce qu’il en reste aujourd’hui*
Authors: Guénette1 Dave
Published: August 2021

Parmi les différentes recommandations de la commission Pepin-Robarts, la « formule
d’amendement constitutionnel » qu’elle proposait a eu peu de répercussions, probablement
parce que celle-ci ne s’est pas reflétée dans la procédure mise en place lors du
rapatriement de 1982. Or, en comparant cette proposition avec
les formules de Fulton-Favreau et de la Charte de Victoria, puis avec la procédure de
révision adoptée lors du rapatriement et les mécanismes qui s’y sont ensuite greffés, on
parvient non seulement à mieux cerner les origines et les mérites de ce que proposait la
commission Pepin-Robarts en matière de révision constitutionnelle, mais également comment
certains de ces mécanismes se sont finalement fait un chemin dans le paysage constitutionnel
canadien. À ce titre, les veto régionaux et le référendum constitutionnel représentent
quelques exemples de dispositifs faisant partie de la formule d’amendement constitutionnel
de la commission Pepin-Robarts et qui trouvent aujourd’hui application lors d’une
modification de la Constitution.
Étude des représentations poétiques de l’exilé et de l’étranger : Saint-John Perse et Yvan Goll à la revue catholique La Nouvelle Relève (1941-1948), au coeur des réseaux littéraires et intellectuels francophones de la Seconde Guerre mondiale
Authors: Guay Élyse
Published: August 2021

Cet article propose une analyse comparée des poétiques de l’exil chez Saint-John Perse et Yvan Goll à la revue catholique La Nouvelle Relève (1941-1948). En centrant le regard sur les archives et les correspondances de trois médiateurs québécois (Simone Aubry-Beaulieu, Paul Beaulieu et Louis-Marcel Raymond), il retrace la circulation de ces textes poétiques au sein du réseau transaméricain des revues francophones. L’autrice situe ces échanges culturels dans une nouvelle perspective internationale, tributaire du contexte incertain de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, et fait l’hypothèse qu’ils coïncident avec l’avènement de la francophonie littéraire.
Urbi et Orbi. Les revues missionnaires catholiques québécoises au XXe siècle
Authors: Desautels Éric , Warren Jean-Philippe
Published: August 2021

Cet article a pour objectif d’effectuer un survol de l’histoire des revues missionnaires canadiennes-françaises au XXe siècle. Trois périodes façonnent cette histoire des revues missionnaires : la multiplication des revues dans le but d’informer et de propager la foi (1900-1944), les défis de la presse missionnaire (1945-1960) et les remises en question en lien avec un plus large processus de sécularisation (1961-2000). Ce survol permet une meilleure compréhension des activités apostoliques de l’Église canadienne-française en insistant sur les transformations matérielle et idéologique de ces revues. Au-delà de l’image projetée, du prosélytisme, des préjugés et du racisme qu’elles véhiculent, ces revues retracent l’évolution de l’Église catholique et de son mouvement missionnaire ainsi que celle de la société québécoise et de son rapport aux sociétés et aux cultures étrangères.
Development and genetics of red coloration in the zebrafish relative Danio albolineatus
Authors: Huang Delai , Lewis Victor M , Foster Tarah N , Toomey Matthew B , Corbo Joseph C , Parichy David M
Published: August 2021

Animal pigment patterns play important roles in behavior and, in many species, red coloration serves as an honest signal of individual quality in mate choice. Among Danio fishes, some species develop erythrophores, pigment cells that contain red ketocarotenoids, whereas other species, like zebrafish (D. rerio) only have yellow xanthophores. Here, we use pearl danio (D. albolineatus) to assess the developmental origin of erythrophores and their mechanisms of differentiation. We show that erythrophores in the fin of D. albolineatus share a common progenitor with xanthophores and maintain plasticity in cell fate even after differentiation. We further identify the predominant ketocarotenoids that confer red coloration to erythrophores and use reverse genetics to pinpoint genes required for the differentiation and maintenance of these cells. Our analyses are a first step toward defining the mechanisms underlying the development of erythrophore-mediated red coloration in Danio and reveal striking parallels with the mechanism of red coloration in birds.
The emergence of a first paradigm in vocabulary research: The bibliometrics of system
Authors: Meara Paul
Published: August 2021

This paper uses a bibliometric method to analyse the vocabulary research published in the journal System between 1976 and 2017. The bibliometric method used here is co-citation analysis, an approach which allows us to map the influences that have significantly impacted on vocabulary research. The analysis is intended to expand on an earlieranalysis by Lei and Liu (2019), which studied the outputs in System but also analyses the features of all the papers published in the journal. This paper identifies five main clusters in the System data set. It also reports how these clusters grow and change over time. It argues that the data point to the emergence of a first paradigm in vocabulary research (Kuhn, 1971), and suggests some ways in which this paradigm might shift in response to demographic changes among the researchers who publish in System.
Predictors and outcomes of cyberbullying among college students: A two wave study
Authors: Giumetti Gary W. , Kowalski Robin M. , Feinn Richard S.
Published: August 2021

Existing research on cyberbullying has primarily focused on adolescents in cross‐sectional survey studies, with less research focusing on college students or employed adults over longer periods of time. To extend this literature, the current study examined new predictors and outcomes of cyberbullying perpetration (CP) and victimization (CV) among college students from two different universities that were followed across two time points. Risk factors were measured in line with previous theoretical models, including biological or personality‐related variables (e.g., low self‐control, dark‐side personality traits, empathy) and environmental variables (e.g., perceived social support, lack of rule clarity, and internet use). Additionally, we examined several possible outcomes of CV and CP. Results from path analyses revealed that involvement with traditional bullying (either as a perpetrator or a victim) as well as Machiavellianism significantly predicted CV and CP. With regard to the cross‐lagged associations between CV and CP, we found that Time 1 CV predicted time 2 CP, but Time 1 CP did not predict Time 2 CV. That is, being a victim of cyberbullying during the Fall semester predicted involvement as a perpetrator in the Spring semester. However, being a perpetrator during the Fall semester did not predict being a victim during the Spring semester. Regarding outcomes, we found that CV significantly predicted anxiety, depression, and helping behavior, and CP significantly predicted deviant behavior, but not GPA nor alcohol consumption. These findings have practical implications for college students as well as university student support services.
Gate‐Defined Quantum Confinement in CVD 2D WS2
Authors: Lau Chit Siong , Chee Jing Yee , Cao Liemao , Ooi Zi‐En , Tong Shi Wun , Bosman Michel , Bussolotti Fabio , Deng Tianqi , Wu Gang , Yang Shuo‐Wang , Wang Tong , Teo Siew Lang , Wong Calvin Pei Yu , Chai Jian Wei , Chen Li , Zhang Zhong Ming , Ang Kah‐Wee , Ang Yee Sin , Goh Kuan Eng Johnson
Published: August 2021

Temperature‐dependent transport measurements are performed on the same set of chemical vapor deposition (CVD)‐grown WS2 single‐ and bilayer devices before and after atomic layer deposition (ALD) of HfO2. This isolates the influence of HfO2 deposition on low‐temperature carrier transport and shows that carrier mobility is not charge impurity limited as commonly thought, but due to another important but commonly overlooked factor: interface roughness. This finding is corroborated by circular dichroic photoluminescence spectroscopy, X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy, cross‐sectional scanning transmission electron microscopy, carrier‐transport modeling, and density functional modeling. Finally, electrostatic gate‐defined quantum confinement is demonstrated using a scalable approach of large‐area CVD‐grown bilayer WS2 and ALD‐grown HfO2. The high dielectric constant and low leakage current enabled by HfO2 allows an estimated quantum dot size as small as 58 nm. The ability to lithographically define increasingly smaller devices is especially important for transition metal dichalcogenides due to their large effective masses, and should pave the way toward their use in quantum information processing applications.
Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Azo‐Ene Cyclization
Authors: Kim Junsu , Lee Da Hye , Kim Jinho
Published: August 2021

A copper‐catalyzed aerobic oxidative azo‐ene cyclization has been developed. The developed CuI/DMAP/O2 system efficiently facilitates the aerobic oxidation of ene‐containing hydrazides to azo compounds, which undergo azo‐ene cyclizations for the synthesis of oxazolidinones. In addition, the present approach enables the synthesis of lactams, as well as a nitroso‐ene cyclization. Preliminary mechanistic studies revealed that two carbonyl groups were essential for the successful azo‐ene cyclization and that a concerted mechanism might be plausible for this azo‐ene cyclization.

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Domino Ring‐Opening of N‐Tosyl Vinylaziridines Triggered by Aryne Diels‐Alder Reaction
Authors: Liu Jiupeng , Li Jiaqi , Ren Bowen , Zhang Yun , Xue Linyi , Wang Yanying , Zhao Jingjing , Zhang Puyu , Xu Xuejun , Li Pan
Published: August 2021

The reactivity of N‐tosyl vinylaziridines toward arynes has been demonstrated under mild and transition‐metal‐free conditions to yield 2‐(phenanthren‐9‐yl)ethan‐1‐sulfamides in moderate to good yields. The selective synthesis of N‐H and N‐aryl products was accomplished using CsF in MeCN and KF/18‐C‐6 in 1,4‐dioxane, respectively. This cascade process involves a sequential Diels‐Alder reaction, ring‐opening aromatization, ene‐reaction, and selective N‐arylation reaction.

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Organic Hyperbolic Material Assisted Illumination Nanoscopy
Authors: Lee Yeon Ui , Posner Clara , Nie Zhaoyu , Zhao Junxiang , Li Shilong , Bopp Steven Edward , Wisna Gde Bimananda Mahardika , Ha Jeongho , Song Chengyu , Zhang Jin , Yang Sui , Zhang Xiang , Liu Zhaowei
Published: August 2021

Resolution capability of the linear structured illumination microscopy (SIM) plays a key role in its applications in physics, medicine, biology, and life science. Many advanced methodologies have been developed to extend the resolution of structured illumination by using subdiffraction‐limited optical excitation patterns. However, obtaining SIM images with a resolution beyond 40 nm at visible frequency remains as an insurmountable obstacle due to the intrinsic limitation of spatial frequency bandwidth of the involved materials and the complexity of the illumination system. Here, a low‐loss natural organic hyperbolic material (OHM) that can support record high spatial‐frequency modes beyond 50k0, i.e., effective refractive index larger than 50, at visible frequencies is reported. OHM‐based speckle structured illumination microscopy demonstrates imaging resolution at 30 nm scales with enhanced fluorophore photostability, biocompatibility, easy to use and low cost. This study will open up a new route in super‐resolution microscopy by utilizing OHM films for various applications including bioimaging and sensing.
Brain Structure and Degeneration Staging in Friedreich Ataxia: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Volumetrics from the ENIGMA‐Ataxia Working Group
Authors: Harding Ian H. , Chopra Sidhant , Arrigoni Filippo , Boesch Sylvia , Brunetti Arturo , Cocozza Sirio , Corben Louise A. , Deistung Andreas , Delatycki Martin , Diciotti Stefano , Dogan Imis , Evangelisti Stefania , França Marcondes C. , Göricke Sophia L. , Georgiou‐Karistianis Nellie , Gramegna Laura L. , Henry Pierre‐Gilles , Hernandez‐Castillo Carlos R. , Hutter Diane , Jahanshad Neda , Joers James M. , Lenglet Christophe , Lodi Raffaele , Manners David N. , Martinez Alberto R. M. , Martinuzzi Andrea , Marzi Chiara , Mascalchi Mario , Nachbauer Wolfgang , Pane Chiara , Peruzzo Denis , Pisharady Pramod K. , Pontillo Giuseppe , Reetz Kathrin , Rezende Thiago J. R. , Romanzetti Sandro , Saccà Francesco , Scherfler Christoph , Schulz Jörg B. , Stefani Ambra , Testa Claudia , Thomopoulos Sophia I. , Timmann Dagmar , Tirelli Stefania , Tonon Caterina , Vavla Marinela , Egan Gary F. , Thompson Paul M.
Published: August 2021

Objective

Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is an inherited neurological disease defined by progressive movement incoordination. We undertook a comprehensive characterization of the spatial profile and progressive evolution of structural brain abnormalities in people with FRDA.

Methods

A coordinated international analysis of regional brain volume using magnetic resonance imaging data charted the whole‐brain profile, interindividual variability, and temporal staging of structural brain differences in 248 individuals with FRDA and 262 healthy controls.

Results

The brainstem, dentate nucleus region, and superior and inferior cerebellar peduncles showed the greatest reductions in volume relative to controls (Cohen d = 1.5–2.6). Cerebellar gray matter alterations were most pronounced in lobules I–VI (d = 0.8), whereas cerebral differences occurred most prominently in precentral gyri (d = 0.6) and corticospinal tracts (d = 1.4). Earlier onset age predicted less volume in the motor cerebellum (rmax = 0.35) and peduncles (rmax = 0.36). Disease duration and severity correlated with volume deficits in the dentate nucleus region, brainstem, and superior/inferior cerebellar peduncles (rmax = −0.49); subgrouping showed these to be robust and early features of FRDA, and strong candidates for further biomarker validation. Cerebral white matter abnormalities, particularly in corticospinal pathways, emerge as intermediate disease features. Cerebellar and cerebral gray matter loss, principally targeting motor and sensory systems, preferentially manifests later in the disease course.

Interpretation

FRDA is defined by an evolving spatial profile of neuroanatomical changes beyond primary pathology in the cerebellum and spinal cord, in line with its progressive clinical course. The design, interpretation, and generalization of research studies and clinical trials must consider neuroanatomical staging and associated interindividual variability in brain measures. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:570–583