bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Ecological Ideas in City Square Design
Authors: Yan Yang , Wu Xin , Xi Yue Lin , Zhao Yi Feng
Published: December 2014

Through the analysis of the successful cases and the project design on aspects of ecological space design, ecological pavement design, and ecological greening design, etc., the designer forms and develops her own ideas on design strategies and points of city squares, so as to achieve the all-around harmonious and sustainable development of city in the future.
The Study of Mining Human Resources Management of Yunnan Province
Authors: Li Chun Yan , Song Huan Bing , Liu Lie Wu
Published: December 2014

This article analyses the existing problems in the management of human resources of Yunnan mining enterprises: concept is comparatively backward, human resources management system is not complete, salary incentive system is not reasonable and human resources management is not in place and so on. It analysis and evaluates several aspects of the problem of the human resources management of mining enterprise of Yunnan province. It developed human resources management countermeasures: the mining enterprises should change the traditional concept of human resources, establish a harmonious enterprise culture. Enhance the cohesive affinity of the enterprise. The enterprise and school should carry out multi-level and multi-angle cooperation to ensure the construction of labor pool. Establishing an appropriate compensation and incentive systems, and improving the logistics level.
Prediction of Groundwater Inrush into Coal Mines from Aquifers Overlying the First Coal Seam in Eastern Ningxia Coalfield, China
Authors: Hou En Ke , Feng Jie , Yang Fan , Zhang Yan Jing
Published: December 2014

In the region where Eastern Ningxia coalfield locates, with the fragile eco-environment and the relative short water resources, it is significant to make clear the influence of coal mining on the groundwater in this region. According to analyses of water-filling factors for the 21 mine fields in the 7 mining areas and 1 independent mine field of Eastern Ningxia coalfield. Firstly, this paper selects the formula in the regulations on the preserving of the coal pillar and coal mining under buildings, water, rail and main shafts (regulations for short) and the Standard on the Exploration of Hydrogeology and Engineering-Geology in the Mining Area (GB12719-91) (standard for short) to calculate the height of water-flow fractured zone in the first coal seam mining, and compares the analysis results of the above formula to the observation data of 3 working faces, and determine the estimated method on the height of water-flow fractured zone, and then use “three maps-two predictions” method to complete the criterion of aquifer water-enrichment and inbreak in safety of the first coal seam. Finally, analyzing the influence of coal mining on the direction of groundwater and recharge-runoff-discharge conditions, the final comprehensive division program on the risk of the groundwater inrush is presented. The research results served as the general guidelines for the mine operations.
Benefits of Xin’an River Water Resources and Ecological Compensation
Authors: Xu Feng Ran , Baiyin Bao Li Gao , Jia Jian Wei
Published: December 2014

Ecological compensation is being applied to deal with transboundary external effects caused by water resources conservation or exploitation in China. A concept of water resources co-conservation and sharing was applied to burden the upstream conservation cost and to share the benefit in the whole river basin. Xin’an River Basin, related to two provinces in East China, was taken as the study area. The current territorial scales of the co-conservation area and the benefit sharing area were determined. The total actual water conservation cost for Xin’an River Basin was estimated to be about 488 million CNY in 2006. By analyzing the transformation of protection costs and benefits between different districts and sections, benefits brought by water to different beneficiaries were also estimated. The conservation cost was distributed to the water users or governments in the whole sharing area according to the proportion of shared benefits.
Groundwater Flow Field Analysis and 3D Visualization System
Authors: Zhao Ying Wang , Li Xue Yuan , Chen Shi Lei , Bian Kai
Published: December 2014

According to the low accuracy of velocity filed in current software, we develop a new system to analyze and visualize the 3D groundwater flow field. We employ the most advanced algorithm to deal with the data form groundwater simulation. The system could compute the flux across arbitrary face and the velocity of arbitrary point in the research domain. The system is debugged in Microsoft Visual Studio. The interactive interface is developed in .Net and the visualization tool is OpenGL. The application shows that the system is robust.
Rheological Properties of Sandy Soils
Authors: Ter-Martirosyan Zaven , Sobolev Eugene , Ter-Martirosyan Armen
Published: December 2014

Modern models of soils to describe elastic-viscoplastic properties do not always lead to the desired results , especially when it is necessary to take into account the time factor. In particular, one cannot always describe the rheological model and creep and relaxation , as well as get extreme at kinematic mode loading. This is due to the fact that the deformation in the soil medium is accompanied by complex physical and physico-chemical phenomena , changes in the orientation of each mineral particles in space and time , their mutual offset seal ( hardening ) and decompression ( softening ) . Quantitative assessment of buildings and facilities associated with the calculation of the stress - strain state ( SSS ) foundation soils subject to numerous factors , including the physical feature of the power and influence ( statics, kinematics, dynamics ) and mechanical properties of soils under such effects ( creep , ductility ) .In the present paper the results of scientific studies of the rheological properties of sandy soils. The purpose of these studies - determination of viscosity sandy soils kinematic and dynamic triaxial test mode. A technique for determining the viscosity of soils results in triaxial kinematic mode (with speed control vertical movements). The paper considers the problem of estimating the impact of the dynamic loads on the viscosity of sandy soils.
The Mechanical Properties of Soils with Uneven Grain-Size Distribution
Authors: Ter-Martirosyan Zaven , Mirnyy Anatoly , Ter-Martirosyan Armen
Published: December 2014

This issue deals with peculiarities of stress-strain state forming in a representative volume of inhomogeneous soil. Analytic solutions for describing such stress states and obtaining equivalent mechanical values for such massive are given. Basing on the performed triaxial laboratory tests the impact of diameter ratio, percentage, and contact between particles on mechanical properties of a mixture is estimated. As a conclusion some recommendations on using the research results in practical geotechnical engineering are given. The classification of inhomogeneous soils, based on granulometric data, allowing to estimate mechanical properties is presented, as a method of granulometric composition, humidity and density selection for artificial foundations.
A Coupled Model for Evaluating Surface and Subsurface Flow-MODHMS
Authors: Zou Tian Yuan , Zhang Jing
Published: December 2014

Surface water and ground water always influence each other in nature, both of which constitute an organic unity. Because of the gradual understanding of the impact of this interaction, surface water and groundwater coupled models are mostly used for the simulation and analysis of the process and its impact. This article concludes the research progress and focuses the coupled system of surface and subsurface flow to describe. However, the interaction between surface water and groundwater is still hot and difficult in today's research, because the interaction law is very complex. The application of MODHMS which is a coupled model for evaluating surface and subsurface flow is used for simulating non-point source pollution. Advantages and disadvantages of the model are analyzed for the future hydrology application.
Autotoxic Effects of the Leachates from the Invasive Eupatorium adenophorum In Vitro and in Soil
Authors: Zhu Xun Zhi , Han Hong Bo , Li Qiang
Published: December 2014

Eupatorium adenophorum (croftonweed), one of the most destructive alien species in China, has been demonstrated or indicated to have inhibitory effects on other species in laboratory bioassay. However, allelopathic compounds of E. adenophorum may play other roles more than interspecific interference. Here we investigated whether E. adenophorum aqueous leachates could influence conspecific seed germination and seedling growth with laboratory bioassay and found that it could inhibit seed germination and reduce seedling root elongation of E. adenophorum. Then we examined interactions between E. adenophorum leachate and natural soil on germination and seedling growth of E. adenophorum itself. The results showed that soil from different habitats altered the allelopathic effects usually observed in laboratory bioassay. In the heavily invaded site, E. adenophorum were inhibited by E. adenophorum leachates; whereas, in two lightly invaded sites, germination and seedling growth of E. adenophorum was significantly facilitated. We can infer that allelochemicals from E. adenophorum play a dramatic role in regulating its population density.
Development of Bacterial Consortia and Biodegradation Ability under Different PAH Stresses
Authors: Ma Jing , Zhang Shao Liang , Qu Jun Feng , Yan Ai Hua , Chen Fu
Published: December 2014

The aims of the present work were simulating actual environmental pollution to select and compare the bacterial communities under different environmental stresses such as phenanthrene and pyrene. Two bacterial consortia named as Phe consortium and Pyr consortium were enriched from activated sludge obtained from a wastewater treatment plant. The PCR-DGGE analysis showed that the original active sludge harbored abundantly diverse PAH-degrading bacteria at first, then under different environmental pressures the consortium species tended to be concentrated and had species structure differences. In addition, the abilities of the two bacterial consortia to remediate a mixture of 4 PAHs (50 mg Kg-1 each) in soil were studied. Of the 4 PAHs, greater than 80% of the fluorene and phenanthrene in soil were removed by the Phe consortium in just 7-days respectively; whereas the Pyr-consortium could degrade over 60% of anthracene and pyrene.
Optimization of the Uncooked Oratosquilla Oratoria Curing Process via Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Mao Qi Wei , Wu Jun Rui , Yue Xi Qing
Published: December 2014

Oratosquilla oratoria was the experimental raw materials in the paper. Design expert8.0.6 and Excel2007 was used to analyze the optimal process with the factors which were curing time, curing temperature, curing salt contention and the index which was the total bacteria. The pathogenic bacteria and sensory score under various curing conditions were determined simultaneously. After analyzing the significance of the various factors and interactions, the results showed the optimum curing conditions of oratosquilla oratoria were as follows: curing time 7.14h, curing temperature 14.34°C, curing salt contention 8.3%. Under this condition no pathogenic bacteria was detected and the sensory score was the highest.
Research on Correlation between the Pressure and the Grain Moisture Content in the Rectangular Silo
Authors: Wang Yang , Wu Wen Fu , Zhang Ya Qiu
Published: December 2014

In the process of grain drying, the pressure of grain formation has a certain rule when the grains flow in the silo. In the project, we research on the method of the saturated pressure would measure grain moisture in the silo. The dynamic and static pressure is set up the simulation equation in the rectangular silo. We explore dynamic and static pressure change regularity and analysis the trend of the dynamic and static pressure with height in the rectangular silo.The results show that with the increase of filling height, dynamic and static pressure has gradually becoming saturated trend. At the same time, we study on the correlation between the saturated pressure and moisture content. When the grain reaches a certain height, the pressure achieves the ultimate value.
Comparative Study of Eight Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria In Vitro Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Wang Yue Qi , Wu Yan Yan , Li Lai Hao , Wang Xi Chang , Cai Qiu Xing , Yang Xian Qing
Published: December 2014

In order to achieve lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with high antioxidant activity and provide a theoretical reference for the development of natural antioxidants, 8 stains of LAB were studied by hydroxyl radical scavenging experiments, DPPH and hydroxyl radical assays, anti-lipid peroxidation assays and reducing powder evaluation experiments. The results showed that the antioxidant capabilities of the 8 strains of LAB were quite different and the fermentation supernatant had better antioxidant activity than the intact cell and the intracellular extracts. Moreover, Lb,Lr and Lm1strains demonstrated better capacity on antioxidant activity than others, which could be considered as potential antioxidant strains to be applied in functional foods.
Lipid Oxidation during Processing of Traditional Salting Fish of White Chinese Croaker(Argyrosomus amoyensis)
Authors: Cai Qiu Xing , Wu Yan Yan , Li Lai Hao , Yang Xian Qing , Zhao Yong Qiang , Wang Yue Qi
Published: December 2014

Lipid oxidation during processing of Chinese traditional salting fish of White Chinese Croaker (Argyrosomus amoyensis) were studied by evaluating the changes in physicochemical parameters, peroxide value (POV),and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and lipoxygenase (LOX) activities. ANOVA-partial least squares regression (APLSR) analysis showed that POV and TBARS were negtive related to moisture content, and TBARS was positive related to salt content, but they were all poorly related to LOX activity. Therefore, proper salinity can promote lipid oxidation, and autoxidation may be the main cause of lipid oxidation in salting fish.
Temperature Monitoring for Grape Cold Chain Based on Temporal-Spatial Fusion Theory
Authors: Liu Jing , Du Shi Chun
Published: December 2014

Energy consumption problem and redundant data processing have become cause for concern in wireless sensor networks. In the article, a parameter estimation method based on temporal-spatial data fusion technology is proposed to reduce huge amounts of data transmission, reduce the node energy consumption, and increase network life cycle. Because of the layout of sensors, monitoring values will be different at different times in different places. Traditionally, though arithmetic average method has some anti-interference ability, there are many shortcomings in the accuracy of measurement. The proposed method can get drastically more accurate and reliable monitoring results in improving quality control of cold chain.
A New Method of Fermenting Northeast Sauerkraut Rapidly by Lactic Acid Bacteria
Authors: Zhao Li Wei , Sun Han , Yu Zi Yang , Lu Bo , Zhao Yan , Wang Xin Tong , Zhao Chun Yan
Published: December 2014

The paper is concerned with changes of acidity and the amount of microorganism in China Northeast sauerkraut fermentationin.It studies the effect of lactic acid bacteria, culture temperature and the concentration of sodium chloride on sauerkraut acidity ,microbial number, vitamin C and nitrite content .Methods of natural traditional fermentation sauerkraut and artificial inoculating lactic acid bacteria fermentation sauerkraut are compared,the results show artificial inoculating fermentation sauerkraut can effectively prevent the growth of harmful bacteria and inhibit formation of carcinogens such as nitrite,avoid some shortcomings in Chinese cabbage natural fermentation process.
Research on Intelligent Bait Casting Method Based on Machine Vision Technology
Authors: Wei Yu Yan , Zheng Di , Hu Li Yong , Zhan Jian Ming
Published: December 2014

At present, in the aquaculture environment, bait casting process of feeding machine is using time quantitative; such feeding way did not consider too much fish feeding law which will cause bait wasting and environmental pollution. An effective way to solve the problem is how to set the feeding amount through observing the fish aggregation. An intelligent bait casting method is proposed in this paper based on the machine vision technology, according to calculate the fish shoal area and shoal ratio in the feeding process. The calculate method of the fish shoal degree and flow chart of the main program is introduced. The feeding quantity is more close to the fishing bait habit. The advantage of using this method is making the bait casting more scientific and reasonable, not only saving the breeding cost, but also reducing the environment pollution.
Study on Facilities Agriculture Remote Monitor and Control System Based on Tri-Networks Convergence
Authors: Shi Li Juan , Yu Xiu Xia , Zhao Jian , Du Qin Sheng
Published: December 2014

Facility agriculture environment monitoring system of the existing main adopts the wired communication technology, such as serial bus technology and field bus technology for communication. This system has the advantages of good interoperability, strong anti-interference ability, but the poor stability, low reliability, difficult to deploy, installation and maintenance costs high, which greatly limits its application in the design of facilities agriculture field. Three nets fusion refers to the 3G, RFID and Internet combination. In this paper, the 3G network, wireless radio frequency technology and Internet technology combining, in order to solve the above problems, the use of 3G network and the Internet to a large amount of data real-time remote transmission, using radio frequency network RFID technology through the short distance wireless data transmission terminal sensors to collect information, these information in time through the3G network and the Internet are transmitted to the the remote controller. The remote controller sends according to terminal sensor control information, through the 3G network and the Internet will control information is transmitted to the radio frequency network, wireless RF network through wireless communication control information is transmitted to the terminal controller, the final completion of the remote monitoring and control of agricultural facilities. The experimental results show that, the system can meet the real-time and can perform remote transmission for large data, provide the technical basis of visual audio data monitoring information transmission for agricultural facilities.
Topological Relations between Rivers in Updating Increments
Authors: Leng Liang , Yang Guo Dong , Zhang Yan
Published: December 2014

Topological relations between rivers (TRR) are sophisticated for rivers are shown as various patterns in Geographical Information Sciences (GIS). In this paper, basic models which were simplified into directed lines (DL) and directed bandings (DB) were used to represent TRR. Based on the nine-intersection model (NIM), topological relations (TR) were represented into 3 types of DL-DL TR, 7 types of DL-DB TR, and 8 types of DB-DB TR. Otherwise, the four-intersection model (FIM) and common region-region topological relations were testified not suitable to represent TRR in updating increments (UI).
Study on Tourism Climate Comfort Level in East China Based on GIS
Authors: Zhang Ming
Published: December 2014

This paper calculated THI and K with GIS technology, and analyzed the tourism climate comfort level of East China based on the monthly average meteorological data of 30 years from 132 whether stations in East China. Results show that THI of East China decrease gradually from south to north, from low altitude to high altitude. The annual period of comfortable climate is longer when analyzed in terms of K rather than THI. The tourism climate comfortable period of East China shows significant regional difference, the maximum value distributed around Fujian province, and the minimum value distributed around Tai Mount in Shandong province. The predominant length of climate comfortable period in China is 5 months per year, while areas that have climate comfortable period for 10 months are most limited.
Study on Stratigrafic Division and Correlation of Formation Yingcheng-Shahezi of Lishu Rift
Authors: Zhu De Yan , Xiong Wei , An Tian Xia
Published: December 2014

Stratigrafic division and correlation are the basis study on sedimentation and reservoir. Guided by the theory of sedimentology,using drilling,logging,sesmic and other data,with the integrated application of various methods,124 wells which drilled in formation Yingcheng-Shahezi of Lishu rift were carried out classification and correlation,which have shown that formation Shahezi overlapped from sag to high positon,and formation Yingcheng suffered severe erosion later. Three regional marker beds can be identified,formation Yingcheng and Shahezi can be divided into four sand groups. Sangshutai sag was the deep depression of each sand group,Qinjiatun,Sujiatun and Shuanglong area were sub-sags,sedimentary center steadily developed.
Analysis for Gas Control Technology of Coal Mine in Southwest Guizhou
Authors: Li Qing Song , Li Guo Hong , Heng Xian Wei , Zhang Shu Jin
Published: December 2014

Through on-site inspection for the typical coal mines of each coal tectonic units in Southwest Guizhou as well as analysis of gas parameter, highlight information and gas control technology, the thesis makes the following conclusions. Namely, the overall state of coal seam gas occurrence in Southwest Guizhou mining area presents characteristics with high degree in north and west together with low degree in east. With regard to the existing problems in gas control of this region, it has put forward some suggestions. For example, people shall add test parameters for coal seam gas in most mines, find out status of the mine gas occurrence, make specialized design in terms of gas emission characteristics and perform strict management to ensure proper implementation. Moreover, people can carry out targeted research for outburst prevention indicator, establish suitable predictor system, optimize instrument and equipment, match with current advanced production technology, introduce professional talents and strengthen training for related technology and management personnel.
The Application of TEM on Detecting Mine Goaf
Authors: Li Yong Jun , Li Xiao Ming , Chen Ting
Published: December 2014

Transient electromagnetic method is one of the geophysical prospecting methods to detect mine goaf. The paper analyzes the unique electrical characteristics of the stratum containing goaf. TEM inverts the apparent resistivity and delineates the mine goaf and determines water content by observing the pure secondary field. The method is sensitive to geologic bodies of low resistivity and has higher resolution. The paper takes some one mine in Shanxi as example to prove the practicability and effectiveness of TEM in production. It has certain reference significance in detecting mine goaf.
Study on Extended Reach Horizontal Well Multistage Fracturing Techniques for Tight Oil
Authors: Tan Xin , He Ting Ting , Wang Fu Qun
Published: December 2014

Tight oil can be commercially recovered by horizontal well multistage fracturing. With the development of multistage fracturing tools, extended reach horizontal well could be a way to enhance unconventional tight oil economical efficiency. On the base of the study on Cardium formation, fracturing fluids were analyzed and slick water fracturing fluid was optimized. Frac port multistage fracturing string was studied and applied in pilot tests. Three extended reach horizontal wells with average 40 stages and 2954m horizontal length pilot tests were applied and studied. Comparison of well costs and production between extended reach horizontal wells and offset short horizontal wells were studied, extended horizontal reach wells get much more profits after six months producing when oil price above 101 CAD/bbl, and save 50% well construction costs and producing management costs.
The Nitrogen Mineralization of Five Forest Types Soil in Eastern Slope of Gaoligongshan Mountains
Authors: Yu Ming Qian , Meng Guang Tao , He Li Ping , Li Ning Yun , Li Gui Xiang , Chai Yong
Published: December 2014

Sequential soil coring and in situ exposure of largely undisturbed soil columns technique was used to study the nitrogen mineralization of five forest types soils in the east side of Gaoligongshan mountains, which were Dry-Hot Vally (D), Montane Rain Forest (MR), Monsoon Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest (M), the Mid-Montane Humid Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest (H), Tsuga Forest (Ts). The results indicated that NH4+-N content decreased for all the forest types soil after four months training, the order of decrease proportion is monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest (84.1%)> montane rain forest (69.3%)> the mid-montane humid evergreen broad-leaved forest (34.7%)> dry-hot vally (8.7%)> tsuga forest (7.3%). And NO3--N content increased for the soils, the increasing multiples is tsuga forest (39.0 times)> dry-hot vally (18.8 times)> the mid-montane humid evergreen broad-leaved forest (4.7 times)> monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest (4.0 times) > montane rainforest (2.8 times). We conclude that NH4+-N is the main form of inorganic nitrogen in forest soil, which is the main reason of changing the soil nitrogen mineralization and mineralization rate.
Study on the Influential Factors of Shear Degradation of Polymer
Authors: Qiao Hong Yu , Xu Miao , Fan Qi , Wang Yong Ping
Published: December 2014

In order to study the regularity of shear degradation of polymer solution, the artificial core is used to simulate the flow of polymer formation[1]. The influence of mass concentration, molecular weight and shear rate on the rheological of polymer solution is studied. And the stability of the polymer solution after degradation were analyzed through method of indoor simulation experiment Research shows that Polymer solution is degraded after shearing , the viscosity reduced and it will not rebound with the passage of time. When the solution was sheared through the porous medium, degradation rate increases with the increase of shear rate. Also it can be seen, in the case of the same concentration, the degradation rate increases with the increase of relative molecular mass. In the case of the same relative molecular mass, the degradation rate increases with the increase of the mass concentration.
The Experimental Research of P110 Casing Wear-Resisting Property in Oil Base Mud
Authors: Mi Hong Xue , Li Guo Liang , Wang Xiao Zeng , Yu Yang , Dou Yi Hua
Published: December 2014

The contact and slide under high pressure between casing and tool joint leads to wear of the casing inner surface in cemented well. The reduced collapse and burst strength of worn casing threats to the safety of oil and gas well. In order to calculate the wear depth and residual strength of the casing wear, the wear efficiency and friction coefficient is measured in the different wear time, the contact force and the rotating speed. The wear efficiency is in proportion to the contact force and the rotating speed. The wear efficiency of P110 casing change from 2 to 4×10-131/Pa. Friction coefficient reaches maximum value under certain contact force and rotating speed. The rotating speed has less influence on the wear mechanism of casing, while the contact force play a greater influence on the wear mechanism.
Atomic Force Microscope Manifestation of Heat-Resistant Polymer Thermal Stability
Authors: Chen Tao Ping , Qiu Biao , Wang Na , He Ru
Published: December 2014

Aimed at BH heat-resistant polymer, 4500mg/L solution is compounded by oilfield sewage, and then diluted into 1500mg/L solution by oilfield sewage again under room temperature, aging in the constant temperature box of 95°C finally. Test slides are made of different aging time BH heat-resistance polymer solution, whose thermal stability is manifested by atomic force microscope. Results show the aggregation degree of BH heat-resistant polymer solution are different after aging for 30d, 60d, 90d under 95°C. They gather largely before aging, are into a loose branch distribution. After aging for 30d, their aggregation degree declines, branch length becomes shorter. After aging for 60d, their aggregation status change greatly, are into "╫╫" shape comb distribution. After aging for 90d, they gather into about 10μm in diameter short fat wafer, and are not easy to expand.
The Phylogenetic Analysis and Identification of a Novel Remorin Member from Rice(Oryza sativa L) by Proteomics under Salt Stress
Authors: Cheng Yan Wei , Feng Ai Qing , Zhang Zhen Bo , Zhang Yan Zhao , Han Jian Ming
Published: December 2014

Rice root proteomics research identified to a new remorin1 protein,named OsREM1,which significantly increased (approximately 1.7-fold) compared with control under salt stress by Two-dimensional electrophoresis. It is found that the protein molecular weight is 29 kD, isoelectric point is 4.54. The bioinformatics analysis showed that: (1) The protein contains 195 amino acids, whose theoretical molecular weight is 21.3 kD, whose theoretical isoelectric point is 5.06. There are some differences with the experimental results, which may be the result of post-translational modification, such as glycosylation, phosphorylation; (2) The different crop remorin protein sequence alignment analysis found that the same rate of the amino acids is more than 50%, indicated that remorins are highly conserved protein; (3) Phylogenetic analysis showed OsREM1 had a low sequence identity with potao and tomato REM1, which is the agreement with traditional classification.
The Research and Evaluation of Finely Layered Water Injection Standard in Low-Permeability Reservoirs - A Case from Block A in one Low-Permeability Reservoir
Authors: Wang Ming Xian , Luo Wan Jing , Ding Jie
Published: December 2014

Due to the common problems of waterflood in low-permeability reservoirs, the reasearch of finely layered water injection is carried out. This paper established the finely layered water injection standard in low-permeability reservoirs and analysed the sensitivity of engineering parameters as well as evaluated the effect of the finely layered water injection standard in Block A with the semi-quantitative to quantitative method. The results show that: according to the finely layered water injection standard, it can be divided into three types: layered water injection between the layers, layered water injection in inner layer, layered water injection between fracture segment and no-fracture segment. Under the guidance of the standard, it sloved the problem of uneven absorption profile in Block A in some degree and could improve the oil recovery by 3.5%. The sensitivity analysis shows that good performance of finely layered water injection in Block A requires the reservoir permeability ratio should be less than 10, the perforation thickness should not exceed 10 m, the amount of layered injection layers should be less than 3, the surface injection pressure should be below 14 MPa and the injection rate shuold be controlled at about 35 m3/d.
Water Temperature Modeling and Water Temperature Stratification Pattern of Reservoir Based on the Three-Dimensional Environment Fluid Dynamics Code Model
Authors: Yan Fen Fen , Han Long Xi , Chen Rong Xu , Zhang Lin , Chen Qi Liang
Published: December 2014

The three-dimensional flow-temperature numerical coupling model was established based on the Three-Dimensional Environment Fluid Dynamics Code Model. The reservoir water temperature was simulated coupled flow and water temperature and stratification pattern was analyzed attempting to provide scientific reference for water design and operation management on proposed reservoir, which could slow down the influence of low temperature water of proposed reservoir on ecological environment and aquatic biodiversity of the downstream river. Results show that reservoir water temperature stratification pattern distinguishes obviously among low temperature period, rising temperature period, high temperature period and cooling period and the temperature hysteresis effect is remarkable. The drainage of low-temperature water in summer should be prevented from influencing downstream ecological environment and the mechanism of the impact of high-temperature water in winter on ecological environment needs further study.
A Study of Identification Marks of Sequence Boundary of GaoTaizi Reservoir in Qijia Area
Authors: Yu Xun Tao , Zhang Yun Feng
Published: December 2014

According to the high resolution sequence stratigraphy’s theory[1] and the information of rock-mineral analysis, geophysics data, biological stratigraphy and geochemistry, this paper made a systematical and in-depth research on sequence boundary identification marks of Gaotaizi reservoir of Qijia area in songliao basin. We use core identification, logging curve, paleontology, heavy mineral analysis and seismic prospecting data to explain how to find the sequence boundary. And there are two types of boundary were recognised on G3,G4 oil layer group of Qijia area, which are used to be the basis to make G3,G4 into 5 parts, one is the transition surface of deltaic plain and shallow lake, the other is the top of ascending order of delta front.
Effects of Nonylphenol on the Enzyme Activity of ERND in Gastropods (Cipangopaludina chinensis)
Authors: Wang Hong Wei , Zhao Wen Bo , Zhang Jie , Cai Duan Bo , Yin Rui , Zhang Ling Ling , Lu Shan Shan , Yang Fu Kai
Published: December 2014

Cipangopaludina chinensis were exposed to different concentrations of Nonylphenol (NP) in experimental groups. The effects of NP on the enzyme activity of erythromycin N-demethylase (ERND) in stomach were studies. The result showed that different concentrations of NP in settlings had different influence on the enzyme activity of ERND. The overall trend was that the activity of enzyme ERND showed decrease tendency at the beginning, then increased. Later, the enzyme activity of ERND in the stomach in the median concentration and high concentration was higher than Group Ⅲ (Environment group). Consolidating half-lethal concentration measurement results NP was shown that it has toxicity, so its impact on the environment can not be ignored.
Study on the Influence of Carbon Emission Constraint on Generation Right Trade
Authors: Liu Dun Nan , Xu Yu Jie , Zhao Yan , Li Lei
Published: December 2014

Carrying out the generation right trade is an important mean to achieve an orderly resource allocation and improve the power generation compensation benefits between generators. Carbon emissions trade will certainly have an influence on the desire of the generation right trade. Based on the compare of trade price change with and without carbon trade, this paper focuses on the influence of carbon emission trade on the price of generation right trade, providing the basis for establishing the appropriate trade price to achieve coordinating transaction of electric and carbon.
Automobile Consumption and Ecological Civilization Construction
Authors: He Yu Hong , Zhang Li
Published: December 2014

"To promote the construction of ecological civilization" is a scientific judgment and significant decision made at the CPC’s Eighteenth National Congress. The construction of ecological civilization is facing a huge challenge. This paper, from the perspective of the relationship between consumption of automobile and the construction of ecological civilization, analyzed the negative effects of automobile consumption on the construction of ecological civilization, elaborated on the social root of non-ecological consumption of automobiles, and advocate the construction of ecological civilization needs the automobile consumption to be back in ecological rationality to provide some inspiration or ideas for Chinese ecological civilization construction.
A Study on the Sustainability of Chinese Pasturing and Semi-Pasturing Grassland Based on Ecological Footprint Model
Authors: Yang Chun , Wang Guo Gang , Wang Ming Li
Published: December 2014

China is a prairie giant, where available grassland area of pasturing and semi-pasturing areas account for 61.5% of national total grassland area. As China is paying more and more attention to ecological environment construction, pasturing and semi-pasturing areas become the key areas of grassland ecological protection, and the grassland sustainability status is attracting more and more attention. Based on ecological footprint model in this study, the relevant data from 2006 to 2013 are used for empirical analysis on per capita ecological footprint and per capita ecological carrying capacity of Chinese pasturing and semi-pasturing grassland. Results show that since 2006, per capita ecological footprint demand of Chinese pasturing and semi-pasturing grassland shows a small growth, while per capita ecological carrying capacity falls slightly. The pasturing and semi-pasturing areas generally present a sustainable development situation, and the per capita ecological surplus of grassland shows an overall growth, but falls slightly over the last two years. Therefore, it is still required to further strengthen the ecological protection of Chinese pasturing and semi-pasturing grassland.
Control Methods of CO2 Emission in Iron & Steel Industry in China
Authors: Wang Meng , Chen Fan , Cui Qing , Qiu Xin Xin
Published: December 2014

The iron & steel industry in China is facing a wide range of problems, such as the ill-structured energy utilization and the long production cycle, lead to the high-level of CO2 emission discharge and severely hinder the development of this industry. Based on the current situations of CO2 emission and its regulations in China’s iron & steel industry, this paper identified the underlying causes of difficulties in CO2 discharge reduction as the lack of effective management system and reduction techniques. To explore a feasible strategy and approach for controlling CO2 emission in the iron & steel industry, this paper puts forward suggestions in the aspect of management, techniques and researches.
Correlation Study on Energy Consumption and Economic Sustainable Development of Liaoning
Authors: Wang Zhi Wen , Zhang Jie , Luo Xiao Qing
Published: December 2014

As one of old northeast industrial base, Liaoning province, whose economic growth depends largely on energy consumption, which is not conducive to sustainable economic development. According to the GDP and energy statistical data of Liaoning in 1988~2012, we use the correlation analysis and regression analysis of statistical methods to research the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth,then getting the correlation coefficient and regression models.Through analyzing results and combining with real situation of Liaoning, we put forward suggestions from the following seven aspects, they are improving energy efficiency, accelerating energy marketization, adjusting energy structure, optimizing industrial structure, developing circular economy, enhancing energy-saving ideas and establishing strategic alliances to promote energy and economic sustainable development.
Analysis of Carbon Emissions from Petroleum Energy Consumption in Heilongjiang Province
Authors: Wang Zhong Hua , Yuan Wen Qi
Published: December 2014

Due to the climate and energy challenge, carbon reduction is expected to play an important role in environmental protection. In this research, we characterize the relationship between carbon emissions and petroleum energy consumption in Heilongjiang Province of China. This article calculates carbon emissions of petroleum energy consumption of Heilongjiang Province from 2005 to 2012. Moreover, it analyzes the gray correlation between the carbon emissions of petroleum energy consumption and its selected influence factors. Analysis of the results covered the influence petroleum energy consumption effect on the carbon emissions. Accordingly, we acquire GDP of Heilongjiang Province was driven mainly by petroleum energy consumption which was responsible for carbon emissions. In order to change this situation, utilizing clean energy, strengthening government management and advocating low carbon consumption in Heilongjiang Province are necessary in response to reducing carbon emissions.
Research on Chinese Emissions Trading System Pilots
Authors: Yang Su , Zhao Tian
Published: December 2014

Climate change has become one of the most concerned problems throughout the world. Since carbon trading is an essential way to reduce the emission, China has conducted seven ETS pilots and the size of market as well as the level of activity is in the world-leading status. Now Chinese carbon market is in the period of rapid development, and the development of national market has been put on the agenda. All pilots grow fast with highlights in the scheme design, but still, problems are exposed in the first commitment period caused by immature market. Based on the analysis of current development of carbon market and situation of the pilot scheme, the paper explores the existing problems and put forward relevant recommendations on carbon trading market construction.
China Emission Trading Scheme: An Up-to-Date Analysis
Authors: Chu Dan , Guo Ru , Li Feng Ting
Published: December 2014

Becoming the second largest carbon market after the EU ETS in the world, China steadily runs the pilot carbon emission trading markets for more than half year. Political and economical context with Chinese Characteristics cultivated a new market from previous EU ETS. Intensive enterprise compliance in June and July witnessed an examination on policy design and implementation. Do the answers test the real performance and satisfy with domestic policy makers, enterprises and the public? Anyway, insights from existing pilot markets will be useful for future national market also for other emerging regimes.
Research Progress of Adsorption Properties of Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Fan Hai Lin , Hou Zhao Xia , Wang Shao Hong , Wang Mei Han , Hu Xiao Dan
Published: December 2014

Nowadays, serious environmental pollution demands enterprises to dispose waste water, especially for the printing, dyeing and nonferrous metal ones. Wastewater treatment technology is needed to improve urgently. Hydroxyapatite with large specific surface area and more microporous structure becomes a hot research topic in recent years for its strong adsorption ability. In this paper, the pollution situation, adsorption properties, adsorption mechanism, influencing factors and adsorption kinetic of hydroxyapatite are introduced.
Research on Ecological Tourism Competitiveness of Sustainable Development Strategy - A Case Study of Wanlv Lake
Authors: Hu Xiao Jing
Published: December 2014

Using the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to Wanlv Lake in Guangdong Province as an example for empirical study, Wanlv Lake ecological tourism destination competitiveness is the main cause of strong destination level of natural resources, tourism resources heterogeneity is higher.Based on this conclusion, we put forward Wanlv Lake ecological tourism destination of competitiveness as the main countermeasure of sustainable ecological environment protection and effective management.
Factors Affecting Tourists’ Involvement in Environmental Protection
Authors: Wang Li Mei
Published: December 2014

Based on the survey (2013) of Mount Qian tourist attraction in Liaoning and the questionnaire on tourists home and abroad, the writer analyzes the data concerning tourists’ protection of tourism environment and thus draws the conclusion that a host of factors can account for the difference in tourists’ behavior and attitudes to environmental protection. Key factors include gender, level of education, awareness of environmental protection, attitude to environment and pressure from people around. Pressure from others is the most influential variable among these factors. Statistics also show that travellers tend to be passive in their involvement in enviromental protection.
Study on Derivatising Condition of Cadaverine with Dansyl Chloride as Pre-Column Derivatising Agent
Authors: Wang Xiao Yun , Feng Jin Sheng , Guo Hao , Tang Xiao Ying
Published: December 2014

A rapid ultrasonic wave-assisted dansylation procedure was developed for the derivatization of cadaverine prior to HPLC determination. Cadaverine was quantitatively dansylated in 10 min using a ultrasonic power of 200 W and a operating frequency of 40 KHz .In this case, the excellent derivatising condition are determined as follows: pH of buffer, 9.5; concentration of dansyl chloride, 5 mg/mL; time of reaction, 10 min. This method is fast, reproducible and practical for the analysis of cadaverine.
Health Risk Assessment of Arsenic in Soils of School Playgrounds and Residential Areas, Central China
Authors: Liu Yan Zhong , Ma Jun Wei , Lin Chun Ye , Liu Xi Tao , Yan Hong Xia , Ren Yu Qing
Published: December 2014

Soil samples were collected from school playgrounds and residential areas of children in Hubei Province, China. Total arsenic content in 2 partial fractions (0-0.25mm and 0-2mm) of soil samples were analyzed. The average total arsenic content of samples in 0-0.25 fraction were 8.43 and 9.43 mg kg-1 in rural and urban soils, respectively, while in the 0-2mm fraction, the average arsenic content were 9.09 and 11.64 mgkg-1. Risk assessment for children in these study sites implied that hazard quotient of arsenic with the reason of soil ingestion were below 1, and the carcinogenic risk was acceptable (<1.0×10−6) in all the sample sites. There was significant difference between the risk assessment with the total arsenic value in 0-0.25mm and 0-2mm fractions in urban soils. While in soil samples of rural areas, risk assessment of different soil fractions had similar results.
Numerical Simulation on Influences of Wind Speed to Leaking Diffusion of Liquid Ammonia
Authors: Xu Wen , Dong Cheng Jie , Li De Sheng
Published: December 2014

A three-dimensional numerical model was developed based on CFD software FLUENT to simulate leakage process of liquid ammonia tank. The results show the scope of ammonia gas expands with the increasing of wind speed, And the ammonia gas gathers in the upper space of the leaking tank when the wind speed is low.
Zoning and Prevention Measures for Geo-Hazard of Youyu County, Shanxi Province
Authors: Hao Wen Xin , Ding Feng , Wang Li Jie , Wang En Man
Published: December 2014

This paper studies the influence factor and the mechanism of geo-hazard with quantitative methods. Youyu County can be divided into1 low susceptible zone,6 middle susceptible areas, and 2 high susceptible zones, whose percentage respectively is 11.11%,66.67%,22.22%.Finally the authors put forward countermeasures to geo-hazards in Youyu County.
The Evaluation of Water Quality and Investigation of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Stone-Horse River of Dongjiang (China)
Authors: Wang Hong Wei , Li Lin Feng , Zhang Jie , Yin Rui , Cai Duan Bo , Li Qiu Liang , Huo Ran , Li Da
Published: December 2014

The benthic macroinvertebrates community biodiversity of Stone-horse River of Dongjiang (China) was investigated in 2013, and evaluation system of river health assessment was established based on the benthic macroinvertebrates diversity. It provides relevant data which distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates for the basin of river pollution detection, evaluation and treatment.
Study on Effects of Smoking on Indoor Particle Characteristics in an Office Environment
Authors: Zhao Zheng Zheng , Gao Yue Fen , Zheng Guo Zhong
Published: December 2014

This article selected a typical office as the research object to study the effects of smoking on indoor particles. It analyzed the indoor particle characteristics in different conditions. It also compared the indoor particle characteristics in two different environments: opened-window and closed-window. The results indicate that, smoking has significant impacts on the mass and number concentrations of indoor particles. The particles with size of less than 1μm are significantly influenced. Opened-window mainly influences the indoor particles less than 2.5μm and it is beneficial for the disperse of the indoor particles.