bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theory of economic analysis
Authors: Бирюков Владимир , Biryukov Vladimir , Шаронин Павел , Sharonin Pavel
Published: October 2019

The textbook reveals the theoretical and organizational foundations, information support of economic analysis. It contains a description of techniques, methods and methods of analytical research used both in the practical activities of economic entities and in scientific research; characteristics of types of economic analysis; methodology for determining the value of intra-production reserves.
In the fourth edition of the textbook disclosed issues related to the documentation of the results of economic analysis. Various types of analytical reporting, their structure and features of compilation are considered.
It is structured in such a way that the student could understand not only the essence of economic analysis, but also develop practical skills of economic analysis of organizations. The material is illustrated by structural and logical schemes, generalizing analytical tables and many practical examples. To consolidate the knowledge at the end of each Chapter are questions for self-control and tasks in the test form.
Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation.
For bachelors studying in the direction of training 38.03.01 "Economics" of all profiles, graduate students, teachers of economic universities, specialists of economic and financial services organizations, auditors.
Maritime Trade and Societal Transitions in the Western Indonesian Archipelago: Samudra-Pasai at the Dawn of the European Age (c. 1200-1500)
Authors: Hall Kenneth R.
Published: October 2019

This study is the substantial update to a journal article published in 1981, focal on the first northeast Sumatra fourteenth- and fifteenthcentury Islamic Sultanate Samudra-Pasai port-of-trade. In doing so the study represents the significant transitions in Indian Ocean history that were substantially influenced by Michael Pearson’s scholarship. Samudra-Pasai was a notable eastern Indian Ocean fourteenth- and fifteenth-century Straits of Melaka international maritime stopover that competed against the west-central Malay Peninsula-based Melaka emporium for regional commercial prominence prior to Portuguese seizure of Melaka in 1511. Past histories are based on the several surviving contemporary maritime sojourner accounts, Chinese dynastic records, and the local sixteenth-century Hikayat Raja-Raja Pasai dynastic chronicle. Recent anthropological surveys of the Sumatra upstream pair with new archaeological recoveries, which include dated Arabic script inscribed dynastic tombstones, to mandate a re-evaluation of upstream downstream networking that was the basis of Samudra- Pasai’s over two-century sovereignty. This study moves beyond initially innovative 1970s conceptions of early Straits of Melaka upstreamdownstream networking in its incorporation of Michael Pearson’s adaptive characterizations of Indian Ocean port-of-trade coastline littorals, and introduces the importance of newly focal offshore communities as these are now prominent in the most recent Indian Ocean scholarship.
Liminalność krajobrazu kulturowego
Authors: Bedyński Wojciech
Published: October 2019

Liminality of the Cultural Landscape According to Tim Ingold, cultural landscape is not „land” nor „space”, but is a dweller’s narration on the reality that surrounds him or her. This narration is in permanent process, it grows with the society that lives in a certain place, parts of it die with the people that pass away. Although it is subject to individual reception, some narrations are shared by many. Therefore it is both personal and social phenomenon. This narrative landscape is full of borders and spheres that are built on symbolic values of places and objects. In traditional societies it has been well visible – one could easily distinct the narration of the forest from the narration of the village. In the modern world the landscape has gone through a major transformation, nonetheless it kept crucial mechanisms of its construction. Contemporary multi‑sited landscapes or virtual landscapes also contain borders and spheres, are individual and shared by many. This article presents recent changes in the approach to the liminality of the cultural landscape, differences that were experienced when passing from traditional to modern society. This change is particularly visible when comparing generations: new global generation (generation Y, generation Z) has a different experience of the landscape than generation of their parents and grandparents – who had grown in a still local and territorially defined places. But new landscapes do have borders and spheres, however their shape may be slightly different.
Sukcesja pojugosłowiańska – kwestie granic
Authors: Bujwid-Kurek Ewa
Published: October 2019

Slavonic Succession – Border Issues The main research goal of the article was to determine whether there are disputes between the Yugoslavian countries over the borders that divide them, and which of them are active disputes, and which of them have been referred to the International Arbitration Tribunal in The Hague and have suspended status. As the facts prove, despite the passage of time, there are still many unregulated disputes over boundaries run by the states separated from the Yugoslav Federation. Active disputes include for example the dispute led by the Republic of Croatia against the Republic of Serbia over the Danube bend and the dispute over the islands of Vukovar and Šarengra. The Republic of Croatia is in the dispute with Bosnia and Herzegovina over the islands of Mali and Veliki Školj and the island of Klek. Bosnia and Herzegovina is also involved with another dispute with the Republic of Serbia, which is not able to reach a consensus on the right to have the exclave Sastavci and the Lim River. Some examples of the suspended border disputes in the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague are the dispute between the Republic of Croatia and the Republic of Slovenia over the Bay of Pirae and the boundaries on the Dragunja river, the dispute between the Republic of Croatia and the Republic of Montenegro over the Privlaka peninsula, and the dispute between the Republic of Slovenia and the Republic of Croatia over Sveta Gara and the Mura River.
Transformacja granicy kanadyjsko-amerykańskiej po 11 września 2001 roku
Authors: Gabryś Marcin
Published: October 2019

The Transformation of the Canadian‑American Border after September 11, 2001 The aim of the article is to present the characteristics of the three periods of border relations between the United States and Canada after the end of the Cold War (openness, dominance of security and uncertainty), with particular emphasis on recent events affecting the transformation of the role of the border. Such a construction allows to analyze key changes after September 11, 2001, that led to the redefinition of the border policy, but also transformations connected with the election of Donald J. Trump in November 2016. Since then the border line have become a symbol of unprecedented tense relations between Canada and the USA.
Przemiany we współczesnej Francji w kontekście zacierania się granic kulturowych – perspektywa kulturoznawcza na wybranych przykładach
Authors: Moreno-Kamińska Natalie
Published: October 2019

Transformations in Contemporary France in the Context of Considering Cultural Borders – A Cultural Perspective in Selected Case Studies

Culture in France, as well as its society, is changing. Mobility, the decline of traditional religiosity, and the takeover of global cultural patterns are just a few manifestations of the evolution of French contemporary culture. Based on the concept of culture transfer by French scientists, Michel Espagne and Michael Werner, and Gordon Mathews’ “cultural supermarket”, the author will present examples and effects of infiltration of foreign cultures and attempts to maintain the distinctiveness and cultural identity of the French.
Kształtowanie granic rzeczywistych i wyobrażonych Jerozolimy Wschodniej w kontekście konfliktu izraelsko-palestyńskiego
Authors: Buśko Michał Ziemowit
Published: October 2019

Shaping the Real and Imaginary Boundaries of East Jerusalem in the Context of the Israeli‑Palestinian Conflict The article discusses selected goals of Israeli policy regarding East Jerusalem, presenting them as phenomena constituting the process of constructing real and imaginary city boundaries. The author analyzed two following research problems. How did Israel create the actual and imaginary city boundaries? What were the consequences of Israeli boundaries‑forming policy? The above questions were analyzed by looking at Israeli facts on the ground policy aimed to unify Jerusalem territory and consolidate its de facto jurisdiction. The investigation of the above questions allowed to draw a conclusion that Israeli policies in East Jerusalem contributed to the maintaining of the Israeli‑Palestinian conflict.
Przekraczając granice
Authors: Dmuchała Joanna
Published: October 2019

Crossing Borders: An Example of the Polish Women’s Alliance of America Less than one hundred and twenty years ago, the active participation of Polish women in the social life of the American Polonia did not fit into the “natural order of things.” Searching for the possibility of reaching out their own ethnic group and working on its behalf, Polish immigrant women made gradual efforts to create their own organization, which resulted in the establishment of the Polish Women’s Alliance of America in 1898. The idea of the creation of PWAA shows the ways by which Polish women not only constructed, but also redefined the sense of ethnic belonging, thus setting new boundaries of their activity. By showing the role of women in the organizational life of the American Polonia, the article contradicts views about their passive attitude and at the same time offers an opportunity to look at an example of crossing the next borders by women, visible in bolder and more frequent coming out of the private sphere in favor of involvement in the public one.
„Bibliofilskie przekraczanie granic”
Authors: Skubisz Joanna
Published: October 2019

“Borders Crossed by Bibliophiles”: Dutch 17th‑century Emblem Collections in the Possession of the University of Wrocław Library

The University Library in Wrocław has a rich collection of old works from the Netherlands, which proves that in the old days academic and bibliophilic research was carried out in the Silesian region. The works reflect various cultural, academic and religious connections between the inhabitants of Silesia and the ones of Western Europe. The printed texts give evidence confirming that Silesian bibliophiles purchased books abroad, as well as from the local book sellers. Thus, they participated in the academic and cultural movements of that time. The paper is to present the Dutch emblem volumes that are in the possession of the University Library in Wrocław, and especially how they made their way from the Netherlands to Silesia. A number of questions arise: why Silesian collectors used to buy works written in Dutch and whether that did not create a cognitive barrier for them. What kind of motivation could have inspired them to buy those books? Was it the so‑called peregrination academica that encouraged people to study in the Netherlands? What I would like to do as well is to show unlimited passions of library owners who were open‑minded to different fields of interest, which was reflected in their book collections that now are a part of the Library in Wroclaw.
Distributionally Robust Markovian Traffic Equilibrium
Authors: Ahipaşaoğlu Selin Damla , Arıkan Uğur , Natarajan Karthik
Published: October 2019

In a Markovian traffic equilibrium model, users move toward their destinations by a sequence of successive link choices using a discrete choice model at each node, taking congestion into account. Although a convex optimization formulation is available to compute the equilibrium flows for a continuous distribution of link utilities, practical applications have thus far been mainly restricted to the multinomial logit model and its variants. In this paper, we relax the assumption of a complete joint distribution of link utilities to only knowledge on the marginal distributions and propose a new convex optimization formulation for a distributionally robust Markovian traffic equilibrium. The formulation is provably efficiently solvable and has the flexibility of allowing for general marginal distributions, thus capturing different types of nonidentical, skewed, and heavy-tailed distributions at the link level.
Intimate Relationships and Heart Disease
Authors: Rokach Ami
Published: October 2019

This article reviews the connection between intimate relationships, which provide support, safety and belonging, and illness in general, and particularly, coronary heart disease which is on the rise. Personal and environmental contributors to CHD are reviewed, and the strong connection between intimacy, or lack of, and health are highlighted.
Expression Pattern of Major Poly C Binding Protein (Pcbp) Isoforms in Cancer Cell Lines of Cervix, Melanoma and Muscle
Authors: Ghosh Gargi , Basu Utpal
Published: October 2019

Poly (C) binding proteins (PCBPs) are members of sequence specific RNA binding protein family with conserved KH domain. There are four identified isoforms such as Pcbp1 or α-CP1 (α-Complex proteins), Pcbp2 or α-CP2, Pcbp3 or α-CP3 and Pcbp4 or α-CP4. Among them Pcbp1 and Pcbp2 are the most studied and found to be associated with various cellular functions such as transcriptional regulations, translational regulations and mRNA stability. Although two proteins share extensive similarity, they differ in function and localization. Pcbp1 has role in tumorigenesis, and metastasis, which are key phenomena of cancer. Role of pcbp2 has been well documented in the biology of RNA virus, namely translation and replication. Here, we studied expression pattern of Pcbp1 and Pcbp2 in three different cancer cell lines namely HeLa, RD, and A375 originated from different tissues. The results indicate not only differential abundance of these two proteins in three cell lines, but also discordant expression of pcbp1 in mRNA and protein level in three cell lines. The study therefore suggests post-transcriptional regulation of pcbp1 expression in these cell lines.
T Cells and Natural Killer Cells, but Not B Cells or Antibodies, are Affected in Overweight and Obese Saudi Females
Authors: Mahassni Sawsan Hassan
Published: October 2019

Saudi Arabia has one of the highest adult overweight and obesity rates, especially in females, leading to increased mortality, morbidity, infections, and risk for many diseases. This study determined the counts and percents of lymphocyte subtypes (CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD16 +CD56 cells) and serum IgG, IgA, and IgM concentrations in blood samples collected from sixty-four Saudi female university employees with an age range of 24-52 years. There is only one other study on the counts/numbers of lymphocyte subtypes in overweight and obese Saudi females. Anthropometric measurements were used to categorize the subjects into groups according to the body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist circumference (WC). Results were all compared to the controls. Antibody concentrations were not significantly different. The CD3and CD4 counts were significantly higher for the obese BMI group and the overweight and obese BMI, respectively. The high-risk WHR group had a significantly lower CD 3% and a significantly higher CD16 + CD56 count. The high-risk WC group had significantly higher CD3 and CD4 counts and a significantly lower CD16 + CD56%. Thus, obesity leads to changes in the cellular adaptive and innate immune systems, while not affecting the humoral adaptive immune system.
Floristic Diversity of Riparian Plants in Aswan Reservoir at the Extreme South of the River Nile, Upper Egypt: A Closed Ecological System
Authors: Badry Mohamed O. , Radwan Tarek A. A. , Ayed Fatma A. A. , Sheded Mohamed G.
Published: October 2019

The present study was undertaken to survey the floristic composition in the islands and shorelines in Aswan Reservoir, south of the River Nile at Aswan Governorate, Egypt. Four elements of vegetation were analyzed: floristic composition, lifespan, life form, and phytogeographical affinities. A total of 165 species were recorded belonging to 134 genera in 45 families of vascular plants, of which six species were new to the flora of Aswan and Nubia (Amaranthus spinosus, Doellia bovei, Eleocharis parvula, Haematoxylum campechianum, Polygonum aviculare, and Pithecellobium dulce). The most represented families are Leguminosae, Poaceae, and Compositae. Species richness is highest in low-lying areas (shorelines) liable to flooding, compared to those of the islands in the river. The recorded flora consists of 50.91% perennials and 49.09% annuals. Therophytes and phanerophytes were the predominant life forms. Phytogeographical analysis revealed the prevalence of the pantropical (28.48%), palaeotropical (17.57%), and cosmopolitan (16.36%) plant species. Monoregional chorotype was represented by 29 species (17.58%) of the recorded flora with the Sudano-Zambezian species (11.52%) being the highest chorotype, while pure Mediterranean species were very poorly represented (3.63%). Biregional chorotype was represented by 25 species (15.15%), while the pluriregional chorotype was accounted for 2.43% of recorded species.
Isolation and Identification of Actinomycetes with Anticandida Activity from Mangrove Soil
Authors: Sharifi Mohammad , Bipinraj Nirichan Kunchirman
Published: October 2019

Candida albicans, a common human commensal, is the leading cause of nosocomial infections due to the emergence of drug resistance. The present study reports the isolation and identification of actinomycetes from mangrove soil and characterization of its antagonistic activity against drug resistant Candida species. Mangrove soils from Khargar, Navi Mumbai were screened for actinomycetes with anti-candida activity. In total, 20 actinomycetes culture were isolated from mangrove soil sample, amongst the culture designated as MB was found to inhibit all tested pathogenic Candida cultures. The isolate MB was identified using biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequencing as Streptomyces viridocromogenes. MB culture showed maximum activity after incubation period of 48 to 72 h, pH of 6.2 and temperature of 30℃. Partially purified active molecule was found to be inactivated by heat treatment but resisted proteinase K, indicating the compound can be an antibiotic in nature. The study highlights the isolation of Streptomyces viridocromogenes with antagonistic activity against multidrug resistant Candida from mangrove soil. This culture is an ideal candidate for further characterization studies for anti-candida molecules.
Extraction, Characterization and Partial Purification of L-Asparaginase from the Leaves of Arachis Hypogaea L.
Authors: Niranjana Niranjana. J , Gandhi Kandasamy Arun , Sunmathi D. , Nanthavanan P.
Published: October 2019

L-asparaginase has been a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma. In recent times, due to the side effects of commercially available bacterial L-asparaginase and its unavoidable importance, plants are being explored as the source of L-asparaginase. The enzyme L-asparaginase was partially purified from Arachis hypogaea L. The crude enzyme extract was subjected to different purification steps including ammonium sulphate precipitation, dialysis followed by separation on Sephadex G-100 gel filtration (size exclusion chromatography) to obtain partially pure form of L - asparaginase. The enzyme was partially purified to 118 folds and contained specific activity of 4686.86 U/mg with 9.85% yield. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis of the partially purified enzyme revealed that it was a single protein with molecular weight of 70 kDa. The study on physiochemical properties showed that L - asparaginase from Arachis hypogaea L. was potassium-dependent in nature, where its optimum pH of enzyme activity was found to be 8.0 and temperature as 40°/50°C with reaction time of 15 - 20 minutes. Also it was observed that the L-asparaginase activity increased with the presence of metal ions such as Na+, Mg++, making it an enzyme dependent on metal ions for its reaction. In addition to this, it was revealed that the enzyme was partially inhibited in presence of certain chelators. The specificity of L-asparaginase obtained from Arachis hypogaea L. with lack of urease activity and minimal glutaminase activity along with less cytotoxicity on human blood indicated it as an efficient chemotherapeutic agent that could be investigated further in future studies.
Comparison of Baumgaertner and Chang reduction quality criteria for the assessment of trochanteric fractures
Authors: Mao Wei , Ni Haofei , Li Linli , He Yiqun , Chen Xujun , Tang Han , Dong Youhai
Published: October 2019

Objectives

Different criteria for assessing the reduction quality of trochanteric fractures have been reported. The Baumgaertner reduction quality criteria (BRQC) are relatively common and the Chang reduction quality criteria (CRQC) are relatively new. The objectives of the current study were to compare the reliability of the BRQC and CRQC in predicting mechanical complications and to investigate the clinical implications of the CRQC.

Methods

A total of 168 patients were assessed in a retrospective observational study. Clinical information including age, sex, fracture side, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, tip-apex distance (TAD), fracture classification, reduction quality, blade position, BRQC, CRQC, bone quality, and the occurrence of mechanical complications were used in the statistical analysis.

Results

A total of 127 patients were included in the full analysis, and mechanical complications were observed in 26 patients. The TAD, blade position, BRQC and CRQC were significantly associated with mechanical complications in the univariate analysis. Only the TAD (p = 0.025) and the CRQC (p < 0.001) showed significant results in the multivariate analysis. In the comparison of the receiver operating characteristic curves, the CRQC also performed better than the BRQC.

Conclusion

The CRQC are reliable in predicting mechanical complications and are more reliable than the BRQC. Future studies could use the CRQC to assess fracture reduction quality. Intraoperatively, the surgeon should refer to the CRQC to achieve good reduction in trochanteric fractures. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2019;8:502–508. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.810.BJR-2019-0032.R1.
Adsorption and Desorption Behavior of Herbicide Using Bio-Based Materials
Authors: Shanmugam Saravanan Ramiah , Adhikari Sushil , Nam Hyungseok , Patil Vivek
Published: October 2019

Highlights

Glyphosate sorption using bio-based adsorbents was investigated in this study.

Biochars showed poor sorption of glyphosate in comparison to the activated carbons.

Total pore volume of bio-based adsorbents played a key role in sorption of glyphosate.

Abstract. This study examined the glyphosate sorption ability of different bio-based materials, including biochars and activated carbons synthesized from Douglas fir, kraft lignin, and mixed wood pellets. All the biochars showed poor sorption of glyphosate in comparison to the activated carbons derived from biochars and the commercial powdered activated carbon (PAC) investigated in this study. All the biochar-derived activated carbons produced in the laboratory showed comparable glyphosate sorption in comparison to PAC. The activated carbons synthesized from Douglas fir biomass showed the highest glyphosate sorption among the activated carbons investigated. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to describe the adsorption kinetics of glyphosate onto activated carbons. Adsorption capacity showed better correlation (R2 = 0.989) with the total pore volume in comparison to the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and microporosity. The results of batch desorption tests indicated that the biochar-derived activated carbons and PAC showed >60% glyphosate retention. The results of this study indicate that activated carbons derived from biochars produced with thermochemical conversion processes could effectively sorb herbicide such as glyphosate similarly to commercial activated carbon and could be used either as a replacement for PAC in water treatment plants or for on-site treatment of agricultural runoff water. Keywords: Adsorption, Desorption, Herbicides, Kraft lignin, Model isotherms, Pore volume.
Prospective Molecular Profiling of Circulating Tumor Cells from Patients with Melanoma Receiving Combinatorial Immunotherapy
Authors: Lin Selena Y , Chang Shu-Ching , Lam Stella , Irene Ramos Romela , Tran Kevin , Ohe Shuichi , Salomon Matthew P , Bhagat Ali Asgar S , Teck Lim Chwee , Fischer Trevan D , Foshag Leland J , Boley Christine L , O'Day Steven J , Hoon Dave S B
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

Blood molecular profiling of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) can enable monitoring of patients with metastatic melanoma during checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy (CII) and in combination with targeted therapies. We developed a microfluidics-based CTC platform to explore CTC profiling utility in CII-treated patients with melanoma using a melanoma messenger RNA (mRNA)/DNA biomarker panel.

METHODS

Blood samples (n = 213) were collected prospectively from 75 American Joint Committee on Cancer-staged III/IV melanoma patients during CII treatment and those enriched for CTCs. CTC profiling was performed using 5 known melanoma mRNA biomarkers and BRAF V600E DNA mutation. CTC biomarker status associations with clinical outcomes were assessed.

RESULTS

CTCs were detected in 88% of blood samples from patients with melanoma. CTC-derived biomarkers and clinical variables analyzed using classification and regression tree analysis revealed that a combination of lactate dehydrogenase, CTC-mRNA biomarkers, and tumor BRAF–mutation status was indicative of clinical outcomes for patients with stage IV melanoma (n = 52). The panel stratified low-risk and high-risk patients, whereby the latter had poor disease-free (P = 0.03) and overall survival (P = 0.02). Incorporation of a DNA biomarker with mRNA profiling increased overall CTC-detection capability by 57% compared to mRNA profiling only. RNA sequencing of isolated CTCs identified significant catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1) overexpression (P <0.01) compared to nondisease donor blood. CTC-CTNNB1 was associated with progressive disease/stable disease compared to complete-responder patient status (P = 0.02). Serial CTC profiling identified subclinical disease in patients who developed progressive disease during treatment/follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

CTC-derived mRNA/DNA biomarkers have utility for monitoring CII, targeted, and combinatorial therapies in metastatic melanoma patients.
A Multiplex, Droplet Digital PCR Assay for the Detection of T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles and Kappa-Deleting Recombination Excision Circles
Authors: Profaizer Tracie , Slev Patricia
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND

T-cell receptor excision circles (TREC) and κ-deleting recombination receptor excision circles (KREC) concentrations can be used to assess and diagnose immune deficiencies, monitor thymic and bone marrow immune reconstitution, or follow responses to drug therapy. We developed an assay to quantify TREC, KREC, and a reference gene in a single reaction using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR).

METHODS

PCR was optimized for 3 targets: TREC, KREC, and ribonuclease P/MRP subunit p30 (RPP30) as the reference gene. Multiplexing was accomplished by varying the target's fluorophore and concentration. Correlation with clinical results was evaluated using 47 samples from healthy donors, 59 samples with T-cell and B-cell markers within the reference interval from the flow cytometry laboratory, 20 cord blood samples, and 34 samples submitted for exome sequencing for severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID).

RESULTS

The limit of the blank was 4 positive droplets, limit of detection 9 positive droplets, and limit of quantification 25 positive droplets, or 2.0 copies/μL. TREC and KREC copies/μL were as expected in the healthy donors and cord blood samples and concordant with the healthy flow cytometry results. Of the samples from the SCID Panel, 56.5% had a TREC count <20 copies/μL and 17.7% had a KREC count <20 copies/μL, suggestive of low T- and B-cell numbers, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Our multiplex ddPCR assay is an analytically sensitive and specific method for the absolute quantification of TREC and KREC. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to describe the simultaneous quantification of TREC, KREC, and a reference gene by use of ddPCR.
O Telejornal da RTP mostrou o Maio de 68 e escondeu a Crise Académica de 69. Porquê?
Authors: Godinho Jacinto
Published: October 2019

Este artigo procura aprofundar a reflexão sobre o impacto político do jornalismo televisivo durante o período final do Estado Novo. A RTP tem sido pensada como um dos bastiões do regime de Salazar e Caetano, usada prioritariamente como meio de divulgação propagandística. A clara predominância de homens próximos destes dois Presidentes do Conselho no comando da informação televisiva, a governamentalização dos telejornais com a exclusão de notícias relacionadas com a oposição ou de qualquer outro assunto que desagradasse ao Governo, leva à conclusão de que uma RTP manipulada só pode ter funcionado como um instrumento que ajudou a prolongar a ditadura.Analisando dois casos semelhantes de agitação estudantil, “Maio de 68” em França e a “Crise Académica” em Coimbra, ocorridos no curto espaço de um ano entre 1968 e 1969, anos decisivos em que a direcção do Governo mudou de Salazar para Caetano, verificamos que a estratégia da RTP foi completamente oposta. Analisando os Telejornais verificamos que a RTP cobriu com abundância de peças os acontecimentos em França que levaram à paralisação da Universidade da Sorbonne em Maio de 68, mas um ano depois, em Abril de 1969, decidiu não cobrir noticiosamente os protestos que levaram ao encerramento da Universidade, à intervenção da GNR e à prisão de dezenas de estudantes. A RTP mostrava, lá de fora no estrangeiro, o que não podia ou não queria mostrar cá de dentro, em Portugal. Que razões podem explicar esta estranha estratégia informativa? Sugerimos neste artigo uma nova interpretação da política de imagens do Estado Novo e levantamos a hipótese de a televisão em Portugal ter sido um mediador evanescente do regime ditatorial.
Romper com o passado: a Revolução nos Média (Portugal, 1974-1975)
Authors: Rezola Maria Inácia
Published: October 2019

Tempo de ruturas, o 25 de Abril de 1974 é, incontestavelmente, um acontecimento central na história de Portugal. Com este artigo, propomo-nos analisar algumas das mutações então operadas no campo dos média, procurando lançar pistas para uma reflexão mais ampla sobre a relação dos media com o(s) novo(s) poder(es) político(s) e sobre o seu lugar na luta política do Portugal Revolucionário. Partindo de investigações por nós anteriormente desenvolvidas sobre a Revolução de 1974-1975 e, ainda, sobre os saneamentos levados a cabo nas empresas de comunicação social (nomeadamente na RTP e na Emissora Nacional ), analisaremos algumas mudanças centrais nas relações laborais e na estrutura empresarial, e, tendo como pano de fundo a enorme conflituosidade que percorreu o sector, a complexa relação dos media com os novos centros de poder.
“Recomeçar a construção do socialismo”
Authors: Gomes Pedro Marques
Published: October 2019

No período de transição da ditadura para a democracia em Portugal é inegável a relevância dos media. Estes criaram factos políticos e estiveram, eles próprios, no centro de alguns dos mais emblemáticos combates então travados. Neste artigo, analisa-se o contexto dos jornais e do modo de praticar jornalismo na revolução, através de um estudo de caso: do jornal A Luta, criado em agosto de 1975. Próximo do Partido Socialista, A Luta tomou posições e assumiu-se, inequivocamente, como defensor da legalidade democrática enquanto via política para o futuro do país.
Casos de ensino: narrativas de professores de Língua Espanhola de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior
Authors: Duarte André Frangulis Costa , Calil Ana Maria Gimenes Corrêa
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem por finalidade analisar situações pedagógicas que constituem o conhecimento profissional dos docentes de Língua Espanhola de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior localizada na região do Vale do Paraíba, buscando-se extrair dados que contribuam para este e para outros ambientes educacionais. Tal análise foi realizada por intermédio de quatro narrativas em formato de casos de ensino compostas por estes professores e fundamentando-se, em grande medida, nas categorias da base do conhecimento (SHULMAN, 2014). A base metodológica desta pesquisa é a abordagem qualitativa (BOGDAN; BIKLEN, 1994), levando-se em conta a perspectiva, a subjetividade e a vivência dos participantes no seu próprio ambiente natural como fonte direta da obtenção de dados descritivos sobre seu conhecimento profissional. O instrumento de coleta de dados utilizado foi um pedido para composição individual de casos de ensino. Fundamentou-se o uso deste instrumento nos estudos realizados por Shulman (2000) e Nono e Mizukami (2002). Os principais resultados encontrados apontam, dentre outras, para as seguintes conclusões: percebeu-se a validade de desenvolver a aprendizagem dos seus alunos sob uma perspectiva integral; de se aprender com a própria experiência; e de se compartilhar casos de ensino como os aqui analisados, no intuito de agregar experiências de companheiros ao seu próprio conhecimento profissional e, desta forma, potencializar as oportunidades de aprendizagem dos alunos desta Instituição de Ensino.
Situações escolares envolvendo a questão religiosa: recursos docentes e suas origens
Authors: Valente Gabriela Abuhab
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar e analisar as origens dos recursos utilizados pelos docentes para gerir situações escolares envolvendo a questão religiosa. A constituição de recursos para a prática docente não advém apenas da experiência profissional, principalmente quando se trata de um assunto para o qual não há normas ou prescrições oficiais. Desta forma, questiona-se: quais são os recursos mobilizados pelos docentes em situações envolvendo a questão religiosa? Quais são as origens desses recursos para a ação em situação real, muitas vezes, imprevisível? Tem-se como hipótese que os recursos de ação utilizados nas práticas docentes condizem com a pluralidade de referências que constituem a identidade docente. A partir de entrevistas etnográficas com 18 docentes do Ensino Fundamental II no Estado de São Paulo, foram recolhidas 54 situações envolvendo a questão religiosa. Todas as situações foram analisadas no que concerne aos recursos utilizados pelos docentes. Para este artigo, foram selecionadas quatro situações que serão expostas por serem representativas e por exemplificarem e auxiliarem no argumento aqui desenvolvido. Conclui-se que a origem dos repertórios utilizados na prática docente, no que concerne à questão religiosa, advém das competências pessoais dos profissionais que, por sua vez, estão intimamente associadas com características da configuração sociocultural brasileira, como a mistura entre esfera pública e esfera privada e as disposições híbridas de habitus que culminam com a naturalização do religioso na prática docente.
Infective Endocarditis of a Left Ventricular Myxoma in a Heroin User
Authors: Patel Neil , Arkonac Derya , Aoi Shunsuke , Finkielstein Dennis
Published: October 2019

Infected cardiac myxomas are rare and can have disastrous sequelae; urgent surgical resection is typically indicated. We report the case of a 43-year-old user of intravenous heroin who presented with weakness and dyspnea. He was diagnosed with infective endocarditis of a myxoma attached to the left ventricular lateral wall. The patient underwent successful surgical resection of the myxoma and then completed 4 weeks of antibiotic therapy. In addition to discussing this patient's case, we briefly review the relevant medical literature, in which we found only 4 previous reports of left ventricular myxoma associated with infective endocarditis.
Adam Christian Thebesius' Channels into the Human Heart: the Thebesian Veins and the Thebesian Valve
Authors: Mazurak Magdalena , Kusa Jacek
Published: October 2019

In 1708, Adam Christian Thebesius, a 22-year-old student at Leiden University, presented his graduate thesis, Disputatio medica inauguralis de circulo sanguinis in corde. More than a doctoral dissertation, this groundbreaking work opened new channels into the study of the human coronary venous system. Thebesius' theory about the vascular communication between the coronary arteries and the chambers of the heart helped to advance understanding of hemodynamic principles and to clarify the physiologic pathways of the coronary circulation. The following article—the third in a trilogy about Lower Silesian scientists—provides an overview of the life story and achievements of this Silesian physician and innovator, whose name was immortalized in 2 cardiac eponyms: the Thebesian veins and the Thebesian valve.
Characterization of Flax, Jute, and Sisal Fibers after Sodium Perborate Modification
Authors: Seki Yasemin , Kıilıinç Ahmet Çağrıi , Dalmıiş Ramazan , Köktaş Serhan , Çelik Erdal
Published: October 2019

The aim of this research is to investigate sodium perborate tetrahydrate (SP) modification of cellulosic fibers. Flax, jute, and sisal fibers were treated with aqueous solutions of SP at three different concentrations. The changes in surface characteristics were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray difraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). No significant changes in the crystallinity index for all fibers tested were observed as SP treatments only produced surface modification. SEM images showed partial removal of non-cellulosic components occurred. Increased SP concentrations led to greater surface cleaning and fiber separation, imparting a more hydrophobic surface character.
Konglomerasi Media dan Partai Politik: Membaca Relasi MNC Group dengan Partai Perindo
Authors: Khamim Anggalih Bayu Muh. , Sabri Muhammad Fahmi
Published: October 2019

Konglomerasi media telah membawa Hary Tanoe mampu membuat Partai Perindo untuk memfasilitasi kepentingan politiknya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan bagaimana strategi Perindo yang membangun hubungan dengan pemilih dengan dukungan sumber daya dari MNC Group. Untuk memenuhi tujuan tersebut, artikel ini ditulis dengan pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan menelusuri berbagai artikel jurnal, laporan penelitian serta liputan media daring mengenai Partai Perindo. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Hary Tanoe berusaha membesarkan Perindo dengan memanfaatkan pengerahan sumber daya MNC Group untuk mendukung partai dan meningkatkan citra dirinya. Keberhasilan Hary Tanoe sebagai pebisnis menjadi arahan bagi Perindo untuk mengerahkan berbagai bantuan UMKM untuk meraih dukungan dan kesetiaan dari pemilih. Perindo juga memberikan berbagai barang untuk memastikan bahwa pemilih benar-benar mendukung Perindo saat pemilihan. HT juga mengerahkan orang-orang terdekatnya di MNC Group untuk mensolidkan mesin partai dengan duduk di kantor pusat Perindo. Perindo juga memanfaatkan MNC Group untuk menayangkan berbagai iklan politik untuk mengenalkan partai pada pemilih secara masif.
The effect of written text on comprehension of spoken English as a foreign language: A replication study
Authors: Wang Xuan , Tragant Elsa
Published: October 2019

The use of written text has been acclaimed to enhance L2 listening comprehension, yet some argue that using written text does not effectively prepare learners to listen in real situations. Thus, the study was conducted to explore the effect of written text on learners’ perceived difficulty, listening comprehension and learning to listen through replicating the research by Diao, Chandler & Sweller (2007. The effect of written text on comprehension of spoken English as a foreign language. The American Journal of Psychology 237–261). Participants were 101 low-proficient English learners who were divided into three groups: listening with subtitles, listening with a full script and listening only. Each group first listened to a passage in their respective mode, then all three groups listened to another passage in the listening-only mode. Participants rated their perceived difficulty and completed a free recall task after each listening. Results suggest that the difficulty of written text should be tuned with learners’ proficiency level so that they can benefit from the presence of written text in listening.
#Metoo/#Aidtoo and Creating an Intersectional Feminist NPO/NGO Sector
Authors: Gillespie Elizabeth M. , Mirabella Roseanne M. , Eikenberry Angela M.
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this essay is to explore the implications of #metoo and #aidtoo for understanding nonprofit/nongovernmental organization (NPO/NGO) theory and practice. We provide an overview of how women have experienced sexual violence in the context of NPOs/NGOs and draw on an intersectional feminist theory lens to highlight the context that enables violence to persist, and which requires more than implementing bureaucratic accountability reforms. We end by discussing potential avenues for creating change to end such violence.
Good Enough for Government Work? An Incomplete Contracts Approach to the Use of Nonprofits in U.S. Federal Procurement
Authors: Thornton Jeremy , Lecy Jesse
Published: October 2019

This paper examines the use of the nonprofit organizational form to mitigate the impact of incomplete contracts in the public sector Transaction costs economics (TCE) predicts that the expense of incomplete contracts will rise with contract complexity and asset specificity. Previous research shows that government agencies increase their use cost-plus style contracts to economize on these costs. However, cost-plus style contracts may also increase the propensity to inflate procurement costs, also known as gold-plating, when relationally specific investments are required. Consistent with this expectation, we find that federal agencies reduce their use of cost-plus style contracts as asset specificity rises. The paper then explores the use of nonprofit organizations as an alternative tool to reduce contracting costs. Using data from the Federal Procurement Data System, we examine the choice of organizational form by federal agencies, as contracts become more or less incomplete. Consistent with our hypotheses, we find that the use of nonprofit organizations increases with contract complexity. In contrast to cost-plus style contracts, we find that the use of nonprofits also increases with asset specificity. We apply this finding to support the conjecture that the nonprofit organization form is used by government agencies to mitigate contract incompleteness without the associated risk of cost inflation. We conclude by offering suggestions for why nonprofit contracts appear relatively infrequently in federal procurement data.
The Role of Mandatory Evacuations as Costly Signals during Interstate Disputes
Authors: de Zamaróczy Nicolas , Mahanta Upasana
Published: October 2019

International Relations (IR) scholars, particularly those working in the rationalist tradition, argue that costly signalling is one of the main tools that policymakers have to resolve interstate bargaining disputes and, ultimately, to minimize the occurrence of war. Recent rationalist work has greatly advanced our understanding of how costly signalling works in global politics, particularly by unpacking how militarized escalations can signal potential antagonists (e.g. Slantchev 2011). But the current literature is too hasty in dismissing the importance of non-militarized signalling during international crises, particularly for leaders worried about the risk of accidental wars. This paper presents mandatory evacuations (MEs) as a form of non-militarized escalation that states have been increasingly using since World War II to credibly signal their opponents. We illustrate our claims with a case study of China’s preparations for the 1979 Sino-Vietnamese War, when it ordered a massive evacuation along its northern border as a costly signal towards the Soviets.
Hyletic Phenomenology and Hyperobjects
Authors: Daves Seth
Published: October 2019

In this paper, I attempt to argue alongside Clayton Crockett that Timothy Morton’s hyperobjects can be extended to encompass every object, not merely those that are large in comparison to human beings. However, unlike Crockett who uses the works of Derrida and Lacan to achieve this goal, I turn to Husserl’s underdeveloped theory of hyletic phenomenology and hyle. Despite Husserl’s articulation of hyletic phenomenology ending as quickly as it is announced, I argue that three lessons can be learned from what Husserl does have to say about hyle. Specifically, hyle is non-intentional, it is co-constitutive of intentionality, and hyle contains the possibility of broadening our traditional understanding of objects. Taken together, I suggest that Husserl’s understanding of hyle caries considerable overlap with both Crockett and Morton’s understanding of hyperobjects.
How Dumb Are Big Dumb Objects? OOO, Science Fiction, and Scale
Authors: Isto Raino
Published: October 2019

This article considers the potential intersections of object-oriented ontology and science fiction studies by focusing on a particular type of science-fictional artifact, the category of ‘Big Dumb Objects.’ Big Dumb Objects is a terminology used—often quite playfully—to describe things or structures that are simultaneously massive in size and enigmatic in purpose: they stretch the imagination through both the technical aspects of their construction and the obscurity of their purpose. First used to designate the subjects of several science fiction novels written in the 1970s, Big Dumb Objects (often called BDOs) have been understood in terms of science fiction’s enduring interest in the technological sublime and the transcendental. While object-oriented ontology has often turned to science fiction and weird fiction for inspiration in rethinking the possibilities inherent in things and their relations, it has not considered the implications of BDOs for a theory of the object more broadly. The goal of this article is to consider how extreme size and representations of scale in science fiction can help expand an understanding of the object along lines that are similar to those pursued by object-oriented ontology, especially Timothy Morton’s notion of hyperobjects.
Magneto-electric multiferroics: designing new materials from first-principles calculations
Authors: Varignon Julien , Bristowe Nicholas C. , Bousquet Eric , Ghosez Philippe
Published: October 2019

In parallel with the revival of interest for magneto-electric multiferroic materials in the beginning of the century,first-principlessimulations have grown incredibly in efficiency during the last two decades. Density functional theory calculations, in particular, have so become a must-have tool for physicists and chemists in the multiferroic community. While these calculations were originally used to support and explain experimental behaviour, their interest has progressively moved to the design of novel magneto-electric multiferroic materials. In this article, we mainly focus on oxide perovskites, an important class of multifunctional material, and review some significant advances to which contributedfirst-principlescalculations. We also briefly introduce the various theoretical developments that were at the core of all these advances.