bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationships Between Material Hardship, Resilience, and Health Care Use
Authors: Fuller Anne E. , Garg Arvin , Brown Nicole M. , Tripodis Yorghos , Oyeku Suzette O. , Gross Rachel S.
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND:

Material hardship has been associated with adverse health care use patterns for children with special health care needs (CSHCN). In this study, we assessed if resilience factors were associated with lower emergency department (ED) visits and unmet health care needs and if they buffered associations between material hardship and health care use for CSHCN and children without special health care needs.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional study using the 2016 National Survey of Children’s Health, restricted to low-income participants (<200% federal poverty level). Separately, for CSHCN and children without special health care needs, weighted logistic regression was used to measure associations between material hardship, 2 resilience factors (family resilience and neighborhood cohesion), and 2 measures of use. Moderation was assessed using interaction terms. Mediation was assessed using structural equation models.

RESULTS:

The sample consisted of 11 543 children (weighted: n = 28 465 581); 26% were CSHCN. Material hardship was associated with higher odds of ED visits and unmet health care needs for all children. Resilience factors were associated with lower odds of unmet health care needs for CSHCN (family resilience adjusted odds ratio: 0.58; 95% confidence interval: 0.36–0.94; neighborhood cohesion adjusted odds ratio: 0.53; 95% confidence interval: 0.32–0.88). For CSHCN, lower material hardship mediated associations between resilience factors and unmet health care needs. Neighborhood cohesion moderated the association between material hardship and ED visits (interaction term: P = .02).

CONCLUSIONS:

Among low-income CSHCN, resilience factors may buffer the effects of material hardship on health care use. Future research should evaluate how resilience factors can be incorporated into programs to support CSHCN.
Two Useful Discrete Distributions to Model Overdispersed Count Data
Authors: Mazucheli Josmar , Bertoli Wesley , Oliveira Ricardo Puziol
Published: January 2020

The methods to obtain discrete analogues of continuous distributions have been widely considered in recent years. In general, the discretization process provides probability mass functions that can be competitive with the traditional model used in the analysis of count data, the Poisson distribution. The discretization procedure also avoids the use of continuous distribution in the analysis of strictly discrete data. In this paper, we seek to introduce two discrete analogues for the Shanker distribution using the method of the infinite series and the method based on the survival function as alternatives to model overdispersed datasets. Despite the difference between discretization methods, the resulting distributions are interchangeable. However, the distribution generated by the method of infinite series method has simpler mathematical expressions for the shape, the generating functions and the central moments. The maximum likelihood theory is considered for estimation and asymptotic inference concerns. A simulation study is carried out in order to evaluate some frequentist properties of the developed methodology. The usefulness of the proposed models is evaluated using real datasets provided by the literature.
Relationship Between Kendall's tau Correlation and Mutual Information
Authors: Bolbolian Ghalibaf Mohammad
Published: January 2020

Mutual information (MI) can be viewed as a measure of multivariate association in a random vector. However, the estimation of MI is difficult since the estimation of the joint probability density function (PDF) of non Gaussian distributed data is a hard problem. Copula function is an appropriate tool for estimating MI since the joint probability density function ofrandom variables can be expressed as the product of the associated copula density function and marginal PDF’s. With a little search, we find that the proposed copulas-based mutual information is much more accurate than conventional methods such as the joint histogram and Parzen window-based MI. In this paper, by using the copulas-based method, we compute MI forsome family of bivariate distribution functions and study the relationship between Kendall’s tau correlation and MI of bivariate distributions. Finally, using a real dataset, we illustrate the efficiency of this approach.
Editorial
Authors: Giraldo Ramón
Published: January 2020

Dear readers, Welcome to the first issue of the 43th volume of Revista Colombiana de Es-tadística (Colombian Journal of Statistics).Professor Liliana López has stepped down as co-editor after four years of ser-vice.  On behalf of the Statistics Department of the Universidad Nacional deColombia, I want to thank Liliana for her outstanding work during these years.We worked together since 2016 with the aim of improving the standard and visi-bility of the Journal. In addition to her teaching and scientific responsibilities, shewill continue to serve the Statistics Department in other academic tasks.I would like to thank all authors for submitting their articles and all refereeswho did a very great job of reviewing a great number of manuscripts. I also wantto thank all members of the scientific and editorial committee for their valuablehelp in coediting some works. I offer a special recognition to our assistant PatriciaChávez for her dedicated daily work. The response time on a submitted manuscriptis approximately two months. We have tried to make the review processes as fastas possible maintaining scientific standards.
Relationship between community-level variables and number of general dentists
Authors: Kuthy Raymond A , McKernan Susan C , Pooley Mark , Zimmerman M Bridget
Published: January 2020

Background. This study uses observational data (2014) to evaluate the association between the number of general dentists and several community characteristics.

Methods. Researchers collected community level characteristics from secondary sources for all 947 Iowa incorporated communities (N = 947) to study their relationships with mean number of general dentists per 1000 population per square mile (population density), the dependent variable. Researchers used zero-inflated negative binomial models to examine the association between the dependent and predictor variables.

Results. Only 23% of communities had a dentist. Urban, young, well educated, fluoridated communities with at least one elementary school had the highest estimated mean concentration of dentists. Isolated communities with older, less educated adults and lacking fluoridation and an elementary school had the fewest dentists.

Conclusions. Although population is an important determinant for where a dentist practices, other variables such as urbanization, demographics, fluoridation status, and presence of at least one elementary school are also predictors of the number of dentists in a community.

Practical Implications. These findings provide dental students and young practitioners useful information by highlighting community characteristics that are associated with office locations.
An Empirical Study on the Effects of Koreans in there Twenties Expected Overseas Travel Benefits Applied ERG Theory on Travel Type Selection
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Moon Myung-Joo , Koh In-Kon
Published: January 2020

In this study, based on Alderfer's (1972) ERG theory, we examined how Korean twentysomethings’, important consumers in Korea's tourism industry, expected benefits of overseas travel were motivated and how much they affected their choice of travel type. We classified travel types as package tour, package relaxation, free tour, and free relaxation travel types on the basis of group and objective. As a result of the empirical analysis, the free tour travel type was the most preferred. The existence need was the desire for respondents to satisfy the most through the free relaxation travel type, such as the growth need and free tour type, but the relationship need was low in all travel types. The discriminant analysis result also showed high discrimination power in the existence-growth-relationship need for the preferred travel type. The hit ratio was 43.4%. The characteristics of the preferred travel type group inferred by a function of the group center value were lower. The package tour group had a high relationship need, the package relaxation group had a high growth need, and the free relaxation group had a high existence need. The characteristics of the free tour group showed high self-actualization tendency. Meanwhile, most of respondents preferred personal/mental leisure, followed by social/physical leisure. As a result of crosstab analysis between the preferred leisure type and the preferred travel type, personal/mental leisure were the most frequent, except for the package tour type. This study provides useful practical implications for companies as well as academic understanding of Korean twentysomethings’ expected benefits from and motivations for overseas travel.
Network Analysis and Competitiveness Evaluation of South Korea Walking Trails Using Big Data
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Lee Mi-Kyung , Park Han-Woo
Published: January 2020

The construction of walking trails in South Korea has developed rapidly in the last ten years, but academic interest has not caught up with this trend. In addition, the scope of study has been limited to a few famous walking trails such as Jeju Olle, Jirisan Dullegil, and Korea Dullegil. This study aims to provide valuable information on South Korean walking trails from a different point of view by using big data based on web data. We collected web pages that refer to the names of 79 walking trails simultaneously until September 2018. Bing.com and the Ucinet 6 program were used for data collection and analysis. Webometrics approaches and indicators based on network analysis were adopted. The results show that the alleys within big cities and forest walking trails, rather than Jeju Olle, Jirisan Dullegil, etc., had high centrality values and drew attention from online users. As a result of investigating the structural equivalence of the South Korean walking trails network, four clusters were found.
A Study on Market Segmentation According to the Benefits Sought from Overnight Travel in a Usual Environment: Focused on Seven Metropolitan Cities
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Choi Seung-Mook
Published: January 2020

Spatial standards are applied in determining whether or not to engage in tourism, such as to leave the usual environment. However, residents’ travel has recently been drawing attention as a new trend for domestic tourism. In this study, we analyzed the benefits sought from residents’ overnight travel. Then, on the basis of the benefits sought, the market was subdivided, and we analyzed the characteristics of the segment market. As a result, the benefits sought from residents’ overnight travel were classified into four factors. The cluster analysis using the four benefits-sought factors resulted in three groups. There were no statistically significant differences in the demographic characteristics of each group. On the other hand, there were statistically significant differences in the length of stay and the composition of the overnight travel in the three groups. Based on the above analysis results, the characteristics and implications of the segmented market are suggested. This study is meaningful in that it analyzed the characteristics of residents’ overnight travel, where demand is increasing but academic studies have been lacking.
Análisis de tres obras para clarinete, viola y piano, de Liduino Pitombeira
Authors: Correa Suarez Karen Johana
Published: January 2020

Luego de una búsqueda de repertorio latinoamericano para el conjunto instrumental de clarinete, viola y piano (Correa Suárez & Sheldrick, 2019), se hace relevante dar conocer a profundidad lo encontrado. Por tal razón, este artículo provee información sobre tres de las obras escritas por un mismo compositor, Liduino Pitombeira (Brasil, 1962). Se incluye un análisis formal y del uso de los instrumentos a lo largo de las obras.
Notas sobre John Cage y la literatura
Authors: Montoya Campuzano Pablo
Published: January 2020

El presente texto sobre John Cage y la literatura está construido a partir de diez y seis pequeñas secciones. En ellas se realiza una travesía por diferentes momentos del proceso creativo de Cage y se relaciona con obras de la literatura y autores de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y del XX. Finalmente se aborda la libertad en la creación de la composición musical y de la obra literaria y los diferentes sentidos que puede tomar.
Local Self-Governments in Hungary: Recent Changes through Central European Lenses
Authors: Lentner Csaba , Hegedus Szilard
Published: January 2020

This article provides an overview of the regulatory environment of the Hungarian system of local self-government based on the methods of legal dynamics and economic analyses in a historical perspective tracing events back to the aftermath of World War II. The starting point of the analysis is 1947, the launching of soviet type command economy in Hungary. Next is a detailed study of the regulation and evolution of local self-government since its beginnings in the early 1990s following the change of regime, with a brief international outlook on the post-soviet countries surrounding Hungary. In our economic analysis, emphasis is placed on the period following Hungary’s accession to the European Union, a period that held out considerable opportunities for Hungarian local self-governments, but ultimately evolved into bankruptcy. The article presents detailed reasons for the atypical nature of Hungarian local self-government indebtedness and the factors underlying this unfavourable process. Further on, the procedure of debt consolidation and the essential elements of the new regulatory environment created after 2011 are described. In a brief international comparison, debt portfolio developments are analysed through the examples of Slovenia, Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic as analogue Central European countries, in order to provide further proof of the atypical financial management of Hungarian local self-governments, i.e. non-compliance with the rules and the not always solid budgetary discipline. The focus of the research underlying this paper is the impact the Hungarian regulation of self-governments had on the financial sustainability of local self-governments’ financial management. The study confirmed the initial hypothesis that the business management rules set out with insufficient prudence, deficiencies in the control system, and excessive borrowing in foreign exchange led to bankruptcy of a number of local self-governments and consequently jeopardised the proper provision of public services.
Intensity of Judicial Review of the European Central Banks’s Supervisory Decisions
Authors: Magliari Andrea
Published: January 2020

A few years after the establishment of the Single Supervisory Mechanism, the General Court of the European Union, in its new supervisory role, annulled for the first time the decisions adopted by the European Central Bank (ECB). These judgments are of particular interest because they allow a preliminary investigation of the intensity of judicial review of the ECB’s discretionary choices in the field of banking supervision. This article claims that the first case law of the General Court points to several interesting developments and indicates the resolve to carry out a judicial review which, although adhering strictly to the “limited review” standard, does not shy away from developing judicial techniques to ensure a more incisive scrutiny of the discretion enjoyed by the ECB. Despite the novelty of the issues brought to the attention of the EU judges, it seems possible as a result of this study to envisage, on the one hand, a gradual alignment of the scrutiny of supervisory decisions with those emerged in relation to the Commission’s decisions on competition matters. On the other hand, a differentiation from the “light touch” approach adopted in the field of monetary policy can be observed.
Public Sector Reform from the Post-New Public Management Perspective: Review and Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Ropret Marko , Aristovnik Aleksander
Published: January 2020

The aim of this article is to evaluate the impact of public sector reform on academic literature from the post-NPM perspective. There have been several investigations into post-NPM public governance models and their impact on public sector reform. Yet, the research problem faced when analysing post-NPM literature is the lack of studies examining the multitude of possible public governance models (PGM) with sufficient comprehensiveness, especially in Central and Eastern European (CEE) states. In order to effectively address the research problem, a bibliometric analysis was performed, following three objectives: (i) an investigation into the evolution of PGM literature, (ii) identification of the core publications and authors based on publication frequency, and (iii) a citation network analysis (a historiograph), indicating the relations among the most-cited publications. It involved the identification of 16,374 publications in the Web of Science database, narrowed down to the 100 most cited between 1994 and 2017, and the application of the HistCite bibliometric analysis software, covering descriptive statistics, bibliometric indicators, and historiographic citation analysis. The research results reveal a growing research interest in the topic, as supported by bibliometric indicators. In addition, important differences as regards coverage and diffusion of individual post-NPM models are indicated. Namely, most publications focus on the ‘governance’ paradigm and subsequent critical rethinking, as indicated by several post-NPM modernisation proposals. Furthermore, we have shown that such evaluation of governance and related doctrines may be biased in favour of subjective, pluralistic Western ideas about governance, presumably limiting their impact within the CEE and several other regions. Hence, the regions’ particularities in terms of governance (post-socialism, Rechtsstaat culture, EU membership, small states, etc.) must be further taken into account in the post-NPM literature.
Determinants of Online Local Budget Transparency in Croatia and Slovenia
Authors: Ott Katarina , Bronić Mihaela , Stanić Branko , Klun Maja , Benčina Jože
Published: January 2020

As a part of the public governance, transparency started to come forward during the New Public Management reforms, mostly for the evaluation of public sector efficiency. This article focuses on online local budget transparency (OLBT) in two neighbouring countries – Croatia and Slovenia. The article is pioneering in a comparative study of the determinants of budget transparency in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, based on a unique database and measure of transparency. The article tests the determinants of OLBT that reflect the accountability of local authorities and a cornerstone for public participation in the budget process. The following methodology was applied: using a data set of 768 Slovenian and Croatian local governments over the 2015–2017 period and testing it against several financial and socio-economic variables, and a random effects panel logistic regression, separately for Croatia, Slovenia, and a pooled sample. The results indicate that greater size of the population, higher administrative capacity and lower unemployment rate in individual local governments significantly contribute to higher levels of OLBT. This study demonstrates the possibility of developing a standardised measure of local budget transparency and using it to investigate the reasons for different levels of transparency in the two – and potentially other – CEE countries. The results of this and similar studies can serve as a basis for establishing cohesive local budget transparency policies for different countries and creating a combination of policy instruments to enhance transparency.
Inclusion by Co-Production of Social Housing: The Slovak Experience
Authors: Murray Svidronova Maria , Mikušová Meričková Beata , Nemec Juraj
Published: January 2020

The field of social housing is one of many subjected to the potentials of co-production. Specifically, the Sustainable Development Goals target 11.1 is “By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums”. The current Slovak “State Housing Policy Concept to 2020”, among others, defines specific objectives, e.g. increasing or at least maintaining the same share of public expenditure on housing, introducing a new housing allowance, and supporting the development of the non-profit sector in housing provision. The goal of this article is to investigate to what extent co-production – as joint working of the public, private for profit and private not-for profit sectors – has the capacity to address the gap in the provision of social housing in the Slovak Republic. Using the method of case study, the scale and forms of co-production in social housing are investigated and the key factors and barriers of co-production in this area are analysed. The authors suggest that co-production of social housing is the most efficient method of delivery of social housing, improves sustainability, and helps to include the beneficiaries into society. However, this approach requires extra energy from the stakeholders – especially from public officials – and is thus still rarely used in practice.
To Get to Know the Personality (Review on: M. Yu. Voronova (2019), The Theory and Practice of a Publicistic Portrait: a Scientific Edition, LAT & K, Kyiv, 312 p.)
Authors: Pidlutskyy Oleksiy
Published: January 2020

The objective of the study is to analyze Malvina Voronova’s monograph “The Theory and Practice of a Publicistic Portrait” on the basis of research of its content, as well as to identify its importance for scientific development of this issue in the Ukrainian journalistic science and further development of genre of a publicistic portrait in journalistic practice.

Methodology of the study. The methods of analysis of documentary sources, observation, selection, division and interpretation of theoretical material of the analyzed monograph, as well as analytical method are used in the research.

Results of the study. M. Voronova’s monograph is the first comprehensive and in-depth study of the theory and practice of a publicistic portrait in the Ukrainian journalistic science. The author considers it not only as a journalistic genre but also more broadly as a socio-cultural phenomenon. The original classification of types of publicistic portrait is offered. The author managed to implement organically her own research concept in the monograph. Except the theoretical parts the availability of appendixes that allow generalizing the genre practitioners’ experience attach particular importance to this monograph.

M.Voronova relies on a large volume of empirical data in her research and demonstrates the ability to conduct in-depth analysis of this data.

Conclusions. The peer-reviewed research is groundbreaking in the choice of topic and the quality of its development. It is a major contribution to further development of journalistic science, including genre studies. The monograph may also be useful for portraitistspractitioners for further upgrading their skills.
Проблемы формирования экологической культуры студенческой молодежи современной России
Authors: Деревянченко Александр Алексеевич , Ананьева Анастасия Андреевна
Published: January 2020

В статье анализируются результаты социологического исследования проблем формирования экологической культуры у российской молодежи (на примере вузов Москвы). Предложены также некоторые практические рекомендации по повышению экологической культуры студенческой молодежи.
Seismogram Synthesis for Multilayered Heterogeneous Media with Irregular Interfaces by the Global Generalized Reflection–Transmission Matrices Method
Authors: Liu Bin , Fu Li-Yun , Yu Geng-Xin , Li Qingqing , Huang Jianping
Published: January 2020

We present a semianalytical numerical method to simulate SH-wave propagation in heterogeneous multiple layers with smooth property variations. Wave propagation in such piecewise heterogeneous media will dominate the reflection and transmission at interfaces, whereas the scattered waves by volume heterogeneities inside each geological layer are superimposed on the boundary waves to cause fluctuations in amplitude and phase. The incident, boundary-scattering, and volume-scattering waves are accurately superposed through the generalized Lippmann–Schwinger integral (GLSI) equation. The multilayered heterogeneous media with irregular interfaces are sliced into horizontal and heterogeneous slabs, with each discretized into a series of volume elements. The traditional generalized reflection–transmission matrices (GRTMs) method is extended to solve the GLSI equation for each heterogeneous slab in the frequency–wavenumber domain by incorporating the boundary–volume integral equation numerical techniques. The global GRTM is obtained by integrating all the slab’s GRTMs in terms of the boundary condition across adjacent slabs. The wavefield at an arbitrary depth can be computed in a recursive relation from a source term. The accuracy of the method is tested by comparing it with other full-wave solutions to the SH problem. To show the applicability of the method, we calculate synthetic seismograms to demonstrate the significant impact of volume heterogeneities on seismic responses in layered heterogeneous media.
Ground-Motion Models for the Prediction of Significant Duration Using Strong-Motion Data from Iran
Authors: Meimandi-Parizi Ali , Daryoushi Masoud , Mahdavian Abbas , Saffari Hamid
Published: January 2020

In this study, new prediction equations for significant duration (DS5–75 and DS5–95) are developed using an Iranian strong ground-motion database. The database includes 2228 records of 749 earthquakes with small to large magnitudes up to the year 2018. The functional form of the model is an additive natural logarithm of four predictor variables, namely moment magnitude (Mw), rupture distance (Rrup), time-averaged shear-wave velocity in the top 30 m (VS30), and the style of faulting effect (Fm), which is considered as an indicator directly in the functional form for the first time. The proposed models can be used to estimate significant durations of earthquakes with moment magnitudes (Mw) from 4.5 to 7.6 and rupture distances of up to 200 km. The models are compared with four existing significant-duration prediction models. The results indicate proper agreement between the proposed models and the models that use the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center-Next Generation Attenuation-West2 Project (PEER-NGA West2) database (say PEER models). Based on the results, our proposed models indicate an increasing trend of significant duration with an increase in the rupture distance. However, unlike the PEER models, the rate of increase in significant duration is decreasing in our model.
Evidence of Fault Immaturity from Shallow Slip Deficit and Lack of Postseismic Deformation of the 2017 Mw 6.5 Jiuzhaigou Earthquake
Authors: Li Yuexin , Bürgmann Roland , Zhao Bin
Published: January 2020

The Mw 6.5 Jiuzhaigou earthquake occurred on 8 August 2017 36 km west-southwest of Yongle, Sichuan, China. We use both ascending and descending Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data from Sentinel-1 and coseismic offsets of four Global Positioning System sites to obtain the coseismic surface deformation field and invert for the fault geometry and slip distribution. Most slip of the left-lateral strike-slip earthquake occurred in the 3–10 km depth interval with a maximum slip of about 1 m and a large shallow slip deficit (SSD). An eight-month InSAR time-series analysis documents a lack of resolvable postseismic deformation, and inversions for the distribution of postseismic slip demonstrate the lack of shallow afterslip. We argue that the observations of a pronounced SSD and no early afterslip of the Jiuzhaigou earthquake are indicative of an immature fault and that all incipient young strike-slip faults likely feature a SSD. We would expect a complex rupture geometry with distributed coseismic failure in the uppermost part of the brittle crust during the fault-zone development. As faults mature, they straighten out, develop a localized fault-zone core, and the SSD diminishes. By calculating the static Coulomb stress change and nine-year viscoelastic stress change caused by the Wenchuan earthquake, we also show that the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake did not significantly affect the time of occurrence of the 2017 Jiuzhaigou earthquake.
Characteristics of the Seismogenic Faults in the 2018 Lombok, Indonesia, Earthquake Sequence as Revealed by Inversion of InSAR Measurements
Authors: Wang Chisheng , Wang Xinyu , Xiu Wenqun , Zhang Bochen , Zhang Guohong , Liu Peng
Published: January 2020

We invert Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar observations for the slip models of the 28 July Mw 6.4, 5 August Mw 6.9, and 19 August Mw 6.9 earthquakes in the 2018 Lombok earthquake sequence. The geodetic measurements and aftershock distribution suggest three south-dipping fault planes with shallow depths for the three events. They are likely associated with the imbricate thrust faults above the main Flores fault. Obvious strike and dip differences were found on the seismogenic faults, which implies probable fault segmentation and explains the cascading fault behaviors with moderate magnitudes. The three events peaked at depths of 12.38, 16.9, and 25.9 km. The estimated moments reach 7.59×1018, 3.33×1019, and 4.61×1019  N·m, equal to Mw 6.52, Mw 6.95, and Mw 7.04 events, respectively. The derived slip distribution covers most of the area in the Lombok fault plane. Future seismic hazard on the seismic gap to the east of Lombok should be noted.
Coseismic Displacements and Surface Fractures from Sentinel-1 InSAR: 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquakes
Authors: Xu Xiaohua , Sandwell David T. , Smith-Konter Bridget
Published: January 2020

Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar is an important tool for imaging surface deformation from large continental earthquakes. Here, we present maps of coseismic displacement and strain from the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes using multiple Sentinel-1 images. We provide three types of interferometric products. (1) Standard interferograms from two look directions provide an overview of the deformation and can be used for modeling coseismic slip. (2) Phase gradient maps from stacks of coseismic interferograms provide high-resolution (∼30  m) images of strain concentration and surface fracturing that can be used to guide field surveys. (3) High-pass filtered, stacked, unwrapped phase is decomposed into east–west and up–down, south–north components and is used to determine the sense of fault slip. The resulting phase gradient maps reveal over 300 surface fractures, including triggered slip on the Garlock fault. The east–west component of high-pass filtered phase reveals the polarity of the strike-slip offset (right lateral or left lateral) for many of the fractures. We find a small number of fractures that have slip polarity that is retrograde to the background tectonic stress. This is similar to observations of retrograde slip observed near the 1999 Mw 7.1 Hector Mine rupture, but the Ridgecrest observations are more completely imaged by the frequent and high-quality acquisitions from the twin Sentinel-1 spacecrafts. Determining whether the retrograde features are triggered slip on existing faults, or compliant fault deformation in response to stress changes from the Ridgecrest earthquakes, or new Coulomb-style failures, will require additional field work, modeling, and analysis.
The July 2019 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquake Sequence Recorded by Creepmeters: Negligible Epicentral Afterslip and Prolonged Triggered Slip at Teleseismic Distances
Authors: Bilham Roger , Castillo Bryan
Published: January 2020

We report sequential triggered slip at 271–384 km distances on the San Andreas, Superstition Hills, and Imperial faults with an apparent travel-time speed of 2.2 ± 0.1  km/s, following the passage of surface waves from the 4 July 2019 (17:33:49 UTC) Mw 6.4 and 6 July 2019 (03:19:53 UTC) Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquakes. Slip on remote faults was not triggered instantaneously but developed over several minutes, increasing in duration with distance. Maximum slip amplitudes varied from 10  μm to 5 mm within minutes of slip nucleation, but on the southernmost San Andreas fault slip continued for two months and was followed on 16 September 2019 by a swarm of microearthquakes (Mw≤3.8) near Bombay Beach. These observations add to a growing body of evidence that fault creep may result in delayed triggered seismicity. Displacements across surface faults in the southern epicentral region and on the Garlock fault in the months following the Ridgecrest earthquakes were negligible (<1.1  mm), and they are interpreted to characterize surface strain adjustments in the epicentral region, rather than to result from discrete slip on surface faults.
Öykü Temelli Etkinliklerin Çocukların Yaratıcılık Becerilerine Etkisi
Authors: YAZICI Elçin , BOLAY BELEN Hayrunnisa , YAMAN BAYDAR İşıl , OKUTAN Nesrin Şermin , AKSU Gökhan
Published: January 2020

Bu araştırma, öykü temelli etkinliklerin anaokuluna devam eden 61-66 aylık çocukların yaratıcılık becerilerine etkisini ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubuna deney (n:45) ve kontrol (n:40) grubu olmak üzere toplam 85 çocuk dâhil edilmiştir. Araştırmada 61-66 aylık çocukların yaratıcılık becerilerine “Öykü Temelli Etkinlikler”in etkisini incelemek amacıyla ön test/son test kontrol gruplu deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada “Torrance Resimlerle Yaratıcılık Testi” kullanılmıştır. Deney grubuna “Öykü Temelli Etkinlikler” haftanın beş iş günü yaklaşık 40 dakika-bir saat süre ile toplam altı hafta süresince uygulanmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel analizleri sonucunda; deney ve kontrol grubundaki çocukların yaratıcılık becerilerine ilişkin puan ortalamaları incelendiğinde uygulanan “Öykü Temelli Etkinlikler”in deney grubu lehine etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir
Beginning Early Childhood Teachers’ Reflections on Their Student Teaching Experiences
Authors: BEŞKEN ERGİŞİ Meral
Published: January 2020

Student teaching experiences in teacher education programs hold a crucial part since they provide teacher candidates with practical experience before they enter the profession. This study inquires the role of split student teaching employed in early childhood teacher education program at a southwestern U.S. state universityon experiences of beginning teachers’ who graduated from this program.  In this qualitative research, participants’ reflections to their field experiences in the program were gathered through two in-depth individual interviews and one focus group interview.  An analysis of interview data revealed that beginning teachers’ student teaching experiences partially fulfilled their need of having adequate in-classroom experience before starting their teaching careers; yet they highlighted some suggestions for student teaching assignments to better prepare prospective teacher candidates in the program.The length and timing of student teaching has also emerged as an important result of this study.Furthermore, participants highlighted the role and importance of mentor-teachers during their student teaching.
Piedra hincada: una "villa" romana singular en el "ager Calagurritanus" (Pradejón, La Rioja)
Authors: Cinca Martínez José Luis
Published: January 2020

Entre los diversos asentamientos rurales de época romana localizados en el entorno de Calahorra, destaca Piedra Hincada por la extensión de materiales y los restos encontrados en superficie. Al tratarse de terreno agrícola en explotación, las roturaciones llevadas a cabo asiduamente han permitido recuperar diferente material y conocer diversos aspectos en torno a la villa y su actividad, pero también ha supuesto un progresivo deterioro del yacimiento, siendo el objetivo de este artículo, alertar de la posible destrucción del mismo. Cronológicamente, los materiales recuperados en superficie abarcan desde las cerámicas más antiguas correspondientes a época flavia hasta las más recientes de la quinta centuria, cronología similar a otros muchos asentamientos del valle medio del Ebro, cuyo abandono se generaliza a raíz de las invasiones del siglo V.
“Daremos ao mundo o ‘homem cordial’”: as representações sobre o Brasil nos livros didáticos de história do Brasil e história da América de Joaquim Silva
Authors: Dos Santos Vaz Felipe Augusto
Published: January 2020

Objetos culturais que carregam consigo determinadas representações da realidade, os livros didáticos são elaborados com vistas a ratificar certas memórias, fomentando o complexo jogo de tensões estabelecido no campo social. Servindo como importante ferramenta de construção da cultura e da identidade nacional brasileira, muitas obras didáticas apresentaram em seus conteúdos as especificidades de nosso caráter nacional. Em face a estas questões, a pesquisa que ora se apresenta busca evidenciar determinadas representações sobre o Brasil nos livros História do Brasil: para a primeira série ginasial e História da América para a segunda série do ginasial, de Joaquim Silva, com o intuito de perceber como tais objetos podem ser interpretados como importantes instrumentos que legitimam, no caso brasileiro, a ideia do homem cordial.
ÁNGELES EZAMA GIL, “Las musas suben a la tribuna. Visibilidad y autoridad de las mujeres en el Ateneo de Madrid (1882-1939)”, Genueve Ediciones, Logroño [etc.], 2018
Authors: García Conde María Silas
Published: January 2020

ÁNGELES EZAMA GIL, Las musas suben a la tribuna. Visibilidad y autoridad de las mujeres en el Ateneo de Madrid (1882-1939), Genueve Ediciones, Logroño [etc.], 2018.
JOSÉ LUIS GÓMEZ URDÁÑEZ, "Fernando VI y la España discreta", Punto de Vista Editores, Madrid, 2019
Authors: Martínez Shaw Carlos
Published: January 2020

JOSÉ LUIS GÓMEZ URDÁÑEZ, Fernando VI y la España discreta, Punto de Vista Editores, Madrid, 2019.
Introducción al estudio de los navegantes vascos de la carrera de Indias y su participación en la trata atlántica de esclavos del siglo XVI
Authors: Ortiz Arza Javier
Published: January 2020

En el presente artículo analizamos el papel desempeñado por los mareantes vascos en la trata esclavista castellana del siglo XVI, con especial atención a dos figuras clave: el transportista de esclavos y el navegante-comerciante. Esta propuesta no pretende ser exhaustiva, sino plantear un esquema preliminar de cara a futuros estudios, sugerir una serie de nombres y perfiles a los que seguir la pista y sondear las posibilidades de investigación que esta temática nos ofrece en el marco de la documentación conservada en los archivos hispalenses, fundamentalmente la registral del Archivo General de Indias y la notarial del Archivo Histórico Provincial de Sevilla.
INTEGRATION OF TRADITIONS IN CROSSOVER MUSIC AS A WAY TO BRIDGE THE INTERGENERATIONAL GAP
Authors: Evgenyevna Shafazhinskaya Natalya , Lvovna Kats Mariya , Vladimirovich Smirnov Alexander , Aleksandrovna Ovsyannikova Vera , Gennadievna Kruglova Marina
Published: January 2020

Purpose of the study: The purpose of the article is to study the crossover style as a result of one of the increasingly growing world tendencies to mix the characteristics of different types of arts and blur the boundaries between them, to dialogization and integration of traditions through inter-ethnic exchange, combination of different in time phenomena in the process of globalization of culture and activation of intercultural communication. The novelty of this phenomenon and lack of knowledge about it determine the relevance of the study.

Methodology: The methodological basis of the study consists of sociological and cultural studies devoted to the phenomena of academic and pop art, its specificity and its role in the modern socio-cultural situation. The study relies on scientific provisions related to the phenomena of "classical crossover" and "mass culture". The main methods were sociological observation, survey and analysis of documents.

Main Findings: Due to the high educational and developmental potential of crossover compositions, as well as the aesthetic appeal of this music for young people, it is advisable to use the material of these compositions in the process of vocational training of vocalists, teachers, musicians, social and cultural specialists. Against the background of the problem of familiarizing the new generation with the world music classics, an appeal to the crossover style repertoire seems promising. Working with singers, many modern teacher-vocalists adhere to the principle of "non-separation" of their vocal styles and prefer universal techniques that are effective for training all performers in rapidly changing socio-economic requirements.

Applications of this study: This study may be useful in the organization and implementation of educational and cultural, as well as leisure and entertainment programs (radio and television), the development and adjustment of state policy in the field of social life and culture, programs aimed at socialization of youth, the development of tolerance and the solution of social problems related to the spiritual values of generations.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The originality of the study consists in the fact that it proves the conclusion that crossover introduces young people classics, minimizing the intergenerational value gap. Intercultural communication is expressed in the dialogue of classics and modernity as the spiritual values of different generations, the convergence of which leads to the solution of social problems of modern society.
Theoretical and Practical Approaches to Analysing Sharing Economy Business Models – Intercultural Perspective
Authors: Olko Slawomir
Published: January 2020

In modern society sharing economy as a business and economy phenomenon and theoretical concept is more and more important. For a large number of consumers it occurs by using electronic applications organizing the sharing economy markets by linking tenderers and recipients. In practice, it is realized on local, national and global scale, but there is question if we are heading towards universal, global pattern of sharing economy business models or there are some cultural differences related to shared values determining the consumer behaviours. Besides the technological factors, like ICTs enabling consumers to share product and services, social factors become very important in creating value propositions for the customers. This is the key factor for developing business models based on sharing economy principles. The paper has two purposes: to investigate the differences between approaches to analysis and design sharing economy business models and to identify main factors stimulating consumers to take the advantages of sharing economy. To achieve the first purpose systematical literature analysis was implemented (both theoretical and practical approaches presented in the world literature). To achieve the second purpose the direct research of international students were conducted. The main research question referred to the main factors stimulating students to use sharing economy benefits. The limited number of students form different countries in Europe, Asia, Latin America and Africa studying at Silesian University of Technology take part in the research – pilot studies of the broader research on collaborative economy business models.
Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Shopping Behaviors and Fruit and Vegetable Consumption of Farmers’ Market Incentive Program Users in Illinois
Authors: Singleton Chelsea R. , Kessee Nicollette , Chatman Corey , Spreen Connie
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Farmers’ market incentive programs, such as Link Match, provide monetary incentives to Supplemental Nutri­tion Assistance Program (SNAP) participants to promote their use of local farmers’ markets. Information on racial/ethnic differ­ences in the shopping behaviors and fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption of farmers’ market incentive program users is scarce. This research aimed to address this need by examining users of the Link Match incentive program in Illinois.Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 328 Link Match users (39.6% non-Hispanic White; 45.4% non-Hispanic Black; and 15.0% other) was conducted in 2016 and 2017. Information on each participant’s demographics, farmers’ market shopping behaviors, and monthly frequency of FV consumption was collected from Link Match users. Chi-square and ANOVA tests were used to assess differences in farmers’ market shopping measures by race/ethnicity. Logis­tic regression models were used to examine the association between race/ethnicity and frequency of FV consumption.Results: A significantly higher percentage of non-Hispanic Black participants reported being an infrequent farmers’ market user (ie, shopping ≤ once a month) compared with non-Hispanic White and other partici­pants (P=.01). After adjusting for covariates, non-Hispanic Black participants had lower odds of consuming fruit daily (OR: .44; 95% CI:.22-.86) compared with non-Hispanic White participants. Other participants had lower odds of consuming both fruit and veg­etables compared with non-Hispanic White participants (OR: .30; 95% CI:.12-.71).Conclusions: Differences in shopping behaviors and FV consumption were ob­served by race/ethnicity among Link Match users. Future research should examine the nutritional implications of these differences. Ethn Dis.2020;30(1):109-118; doi:10.18865/ed.30.1.109
The Jackson Heart Study: Preparing African American High School Students for Health Careers and Research
Authors: Harris Kisa K. , Henderson Frances , White Wendy B. , Mohamed Amel , Srinivasan Asoka
Published: January 2020

In 1999, Tougaloo College (TC), located in Jackson, Mississippi, was charged, as a part of its role in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS), with creating a pool of well-trained high school students who, upon entering college, could successfully complete undergraduate and graduate or professional degrees in the health professions, biomedical research, and public health. TC identified the following educational challenges experienced by Mississippi high school students: inadequate exposure to reading, writing, logic, and quantitative skills; inadequate course work in science and mathematics; lack of mentors and role models in science-related fields as well as for exploration and identification of career options in the health professions and biomedical research. To this end, the JHS Undergraduate Training and Educa­tion Center (JHS UTEC) developed three four-week summer workshops in Science, Language Arts, and Mathematics (SLAM) for high school students in grades 9 through 11. Since SLAM’s inception, more than 900 students have completed the program, and more than 90% have enrolled in college. In addition, according to National Student Clearinghouse and participant-reported data, many of the SLAM participants have earned not only undergraduate degrees in science, but also graduate degrees in a health-related and STEM fields. This article details the SLAM curricula and strategies for recruiting, selecting, training, and retain­ing high school students; we also present data to illustrate the success of the SLAM program. Ethn Dis. 2020;30(1):25-32; doi:10.18865/ed.30.1.25