bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Археологические исследования ХІХ–ХХ вв. в нижнем течении Сырдарьи
Authors: Утубаев Жанболат , Суюндикова Макпал Кожахметовна
Published: September 2023

В статье представлены результаты археологических раскопок и исследований, проведенных в нижнем течении реки Сырдарья в ХІХ–ХХ вв. Основая цель проведённой работы – всестороннее изучение, систематизация и анализ научных работ, связанных с археологическими исследованиями района в этот период. Авторами выполнен сравнительный анализ результатов исследований учёных XIX и XX вв. В результате было установлено, что в ХІХ в. вследствии реализации колониальной политики царского режима были организованы специальные экспедиции, которые возглавлялись военными чиновниками П. Рычковым, М. Мейером, А.И. Левшиным, А.И. Макшеевым, В.В. Григорьевым, П.И. Лерхом, В.В. Верещагиным. Результаты работ экспедиций отражают данные о географических особенностях, местоположении археологических памятников и их характеристику. Позднее эти сведения были дополнены членами Туркестанского кружка любителей археологии. Среди исследователей нижнего течения реки Сырдарья особый вклад внесла деятельность Хорезмской археолого-этнографической экспедиции. Члены экспедиции, в составе которой были археологи, топографы, почвоведы, геоморфологи и др., в период с 1946 по 1991 годы выявили и провели исследования более двухсот археологических памятников. Среди них: города, поселения, крепости, отдельные помещения, стоянки, места захоронения. Таким образом, были изучены данные о культуре, быте и хозяйстве народов, населявших обозначенный регион; представлены выводы о датировке памятников.
Позднесарматские погребения могильника Мамай (Западный Казахстан)
Authors: Кушаев Гаяз Абдувалиевич , Жамбулатов Кайрат Абаевич
Published: September 2023

В статье представлены материалы позднесарматских погребений, исследованных в разновременном могильнике Мамай. Всего на памятнике было исследовано девять курганов, содержащих 19 погребений, материал которых представлен широким хронологическим диапазоном от эпохи бронзы до раннего средневековья. Из этого числа пять погребений относятся к позднесарматскому времени. Их объединяют зафиксированные единые нормы погребального обряда и набор сопроводительного предметного комплекса. Так, погребения были совершены в могильной яме прямоугольной формы с подбойной нишей под западной стенкой, головой ориентированы в северный сектор, в вытянутом положении. Находки представлены типологически одинаковыми сосудами северокавказского производства, предметами вооружения, украшениями и фибулами. Последние являются устойчивым хронологическим индикатором, позволяющим датировать комплекс серединой – второй половиной III в. н.э. В целом, материал могильника отражает влияние двух центров развития позднесарматской культуры – Южного Приуралья и Нижнего Поволжья. Торгово-экономические связи тяготели больше всего к Северному Кавказу.
Potential of gene therapy in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Aleksandrowicz Karolina , Porębska Klaudia , Leśniak Monika , Zdanowski Robert , Brodaczewska Klaudia
Published: September 2023

W ostatnich latach obserwujemy coraz większe rozpowszechnienie występowania chorób neurodegeneracyjnych na całym świecie. Jest to związane ze wzrostem wieku populacji światowej. Pomimo intensywnych badań naukowych oraz prób klinicznych, w większości przypadków nie opracowano do tej pory skutecznej terapii. Tradycyjne postępowanie w przypadku zaburzeń neurologicznych łagodzi jedynie nasilenie objawów bez likwidowania przyczyny choroby. Poszukiwanie nowych metod leczenia chorób neurodegeneracyjnych jest utrudnione przez przepuszczalność BBB, ponieważ istnieją ograniczenia związane z wnikaniem leków do ośrodkowego układu nerwowego. Z powyższych względów kluczowe jest opracowanie takiej strategii terapeutycznej, która umożliwiłaby zastosowanie terapii bezpośrednio w miejscu patologicznie zmienionym. Ponadto dużym wyzwaniem jest opracowanie leczenia, które hamowałoby rozwój choroby. Prowadzone są liczne badania w celu znalezienia alternatywnych sposobów leczenia, takich jak stosowanie nanoskalowych nośników, mezenchymalnych
komórek macierzystych oraz terapii genowej. W przypadku terapii genowej w trakcie badań jest wiele leków celowanych w geny m. in. AADC, GDNF i HTT. Innowacyjne sposoby leczenia potencjalnie mogą przynieść korzyści terapeutyczne milionom osób z chorobami neurodegeneracyjnymi.
Differences in the work of rescuers in the environment of a terrorist attack
Authors: Zachaj Jakub , Stachurski Jan
Published: September 2023

Terroryzm jest problemem, który w ostatniej dekadzie dotknął wiele krajów i obszarów ludzkiej działalności. Akty terroru przybierały różne postaci: atak zorganizowanych grup bądź jednostek. Różne były też środki, które zostały wykorzystane do zadania obrażeń ofiarom ataków. Ratownicy skierowani do udzielania pomocy w miejscu zamachu terrorystycznego muszą się w takich przypadkach przygotować na pracę daleką od standardów ogólnie przyjętych, znaczną liczbę ofiar, mechanizmy urazów odmienne od tych, z którymi mają do czynienia w codziennej praktyce. Kluczowym elementem udzielania pomocy w tego typu zdarzeniach będzie przede wszystkim odpowiednie nastawienie psychiczne oraz znajomość procedur i sposobów zaopatrywania urazów powstałych w wyniku oddziaływania broni palnej i następstw wybuchu. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest wskazanie najważniejszych czynników, które należy brać pod uwagę, gdy planujemy bądź rozpoczynamy działania ratownicze w środowisku zamachu terrorystycznego.
46 XY, female. Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
Authors: Kruczyk Barbara , Sowa Anna , Grymowicz Monika , Smolarczyk Roman
Published: September 2023

Zespół niewrażliwości na androgeny (AIS) to wrodzone zaburzenie rozwoju płciowego spowodowane mutacjami w genie kodującym receptor wiążący androgeny. U pacjentki w 17 rż., podczas diagnostyki pierwotnego braku miesiączki, rozpoznano zespół całkowitej niewrażliwości na androgeny. Badania cytogenetyczne wykazały kariotyp 46 XY. W badaniu ginekologicznym narządu rodnego wykazano ślepo zakończoną pochwę, nie stwierdzono obecności macicy. W badaniu przedmiotowym stwierdzono prawidłowo rozwinięte gruczoły piersiowe oraz skąpe
owłosienie pachowe i łonowe. W 18 rż. chora przeszła obustronną gonadektomię metodą laparoskopową. Przed operacją poziom testosteronu wynosił 5,6 ng/ml, a po 0,6 ng/ml. Badanie histopatologiczne wykazało obecność tkanki jąder w usuniętych gonadach, a w jednej z nich wykryto gruczolaka cewkowego. Po zabiegu pacjentka pozostawała pod kontrolą lekarską i przyjmowała 1 mg estradiolu dziennie, doustnie. W 24 rż. zdiagnozowano osteoporozę, T-SCORE wyniósł -2,6 SD, natomiast 3 lata później -2,76 SD. Pacjentka przyjmowała alendronian sodu oraz kwas ibandronowy. W 34 rż. rozpoznano u chorej cukrzycę typu 2, włączono leczenie metforminą i zalecono opiekę diabetologiczną. Stopień
6. i 7. w skali Quigleya odpowiada całkowitej niewrażliwości na androgeny. Narządy płciowe są całkowicie sfeminizowane, a noworodkom nadaje się płeć żeńską. Rozpoznanie zazwyczaj ustala się w trakcie diagnostyki pierwotnego braku miesiączki. CAIS wiąże się z koniecznością usunięcia nieprawidłowych gonad z powodu podwyższonego ryzyka wystąpienia zmian nowotworowych. Po gonadektomi niezbędne jest stosowanie substytucji estrogenowej m.in. w celu utrzymania drugorzędowych cech płciowych. Wysokie ryzyko rozwinięcia osteoporozy wymaga suplementacji wapnia i witaminy D oraz kontroli gęstości kości. Rokowanie jest dobre, a gonadektomia i estrogenowa terapia hormonalna dają zadowalające wyniki długoterminowe.
Report of the scientific and training conference Nephrocardiology 2023
Authors: Romejko Katarzyna
Published: September 2023

Tegoroczna konferencja naukowo-szkoleniowa Nefrokardiologia 2023 odbyła się w dniach 21-22 kwietnia 2023 r. w Pałacu Branickich w Białymstoku. Składała się z sześciu sesji, podczas których omówiono patomechanizmy i najnowsze możliwości terapeutyczne powikłań sercowo-naczyniowych u pacjentów z przewlekłą chorobą nerek. Podczas konferencji przedstawiono pozanerkowe aspekty działania inhibitorów kotransportera glukozowo-sodowego 2 (SGLT2), omówiono najnowsze dostępne metody leczenia hyperlipidemii, poruszono
problem otyłości i zespołu metabolicznego w kontekście kwalifikacji do przeszczepienia nerki. Nie zabrakło również tematów dotyczących genetyki – przedstawiono genetyczne przyczyny otyłości i problem programatyki metabolizmu. Omówiony został również związek dysbiozy z nadciśnieniem tętniczym oraz patomechanizm i konsekwencje nefropatii zastoinowej. Ponadto przedstawiono szacunkowe koszty opieki kardiologicznej u pacjentów dializowanych oraz możliwości indywidualizacji hemodializoterapii w przyszłości. Przedstawiono również nowe
metody leczenia zapaleń naczyń.
Intracranial stenting as a rescue therapy after unsuccessful mechanical thrombectomy for an intracranial atherosclerosis-related acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Piasecki Adam , Narloch Jerzy , Wierzbicki Marek , Dębiec Aleksander
Published: September 2023

Trombektomia mechaniczna jest zabiegiem o wysokiej skuteczności w leczeniu udaru mózgu. Mimo to, zdarzają się przypadki, kiedy użycie standardowych metod, czyli aspiracji i/lub stent retrievera, nie pozwala na osiągnięcie rekanalizacji. Obecnie brakuje jednak wytycznych postępowania w przypadku nieskutecznej trombektomii. Prezentowany przypadek dotyczy nieskutecznej trombektomii u pacjenta z udarem niedokrwiennym na tle miażdżycowego zwężenia tętnicy środkowej mózgu lewej w jej segmencie M1. W trakcie zabiegu, mimo udanego udrożnienia naczynia, obserwowano przetrwałe zwężenie z postępującą stopniową reokluzją w kontrolnych badaniach angiograficznych. Zastosowano leczenie polegające na ratunkowej implantacji stentu połączonej z podażą inhibitora glikoproteiny IIb/IIIa. Osiągnięto całkowitą i trwałą rekanalizację lewej tętnicy środkowej mózgu. Pacjent do wypisu ze szpitala osiągnął znaczną poprawę stanu neurologicznego. W badaniu kontrolnym po 3 miesiącach obecne były jedynie nieznaczne deficyty neurologiczne niewpływające istotnie na jakość życia pacjenta (mRS 1), a po roku od udaru objawy wycofały się całkowicie (mRS 0). Przedstawiony przypadek wskazuje, że u pacjentów z miażdżycopochodnym tłem
udaru i nieskutecznością trombektomii, ratunkowa implantacja stentu połączona z infuzją GPI może być skuteczną i bezpieczną metodą postępowania.
Ergoterapide Mobil Sağlık Uygulamalarının Kullanımı
Authors: Yücel Hülya
Published: September 2023

Günümüzde varlığı her geçen gün daha çok ihtiyaç hissedilen teknoloji, hayatımızda deneyimlenerek yer bulmaktadır. COVID-19 salgın döneminde yüz yüze temasın zorlaşması mobil hizmetlere duyulan ihtiyacı artırmış ve ergoterapide telerehabilitasyon programlarının geliştirilmesi ve kullanılmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Sağlık sisteminde daha iyi bir hizmet sunabilmek için mobil sağlık uygulamaları ergoterapistler tarafından kullanılmaktadır. Bireylerin günlük yaşam aktivitelerindeki bağımsızlığı ile toplumsal katılımlarını ve yaşam kalitelerini arttırmak için hem değerlendirme hem de tedavi amaçlı olarak tercih edilmektedir. Tedavide mobil sağlık uygulamalarından faydalanmak ergoterapistin danışanla ilgili doğru bilgiler edinmesi, sonuçlara daha hızlı ve kolay ulaşabilmesi ve müdahale planını güçlendirmesi için gereklidir. Ergoterapide mobil sağlık uygulamalarının kullanımıyla ilgili mevcut uluslararası ve ulusal kaynaklar yetersizdir. Bu derleme için, Google Scholar, PubMed ve ScienceDirect elektronik veri tabanlarında “mobil sağlık uygulamaları”, “mSağlık”, “mhealth app” ve “pediatric mobile health apps” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak seçilen makaleler incelenmiştir. Ergoterapi hizmetlerinde mobil sağlık uygulamaları; pediatrik, yetişkin ve geriatrik yaş gruplarındaki tanılara göre uygulama örnekleri ile sunulmuştur. Bu çalışmanın mobil sağlık uygulamalarının gelecekteki ihtiyaçlara göre değişimi ve dolayısıyla daha çok danışan tarafından kullanılabilmesi için rehber olacağı düşünülmektedir.
ANALISIS REALISASI BIAYA PADA KEGIATAN OVERBURDEN REMOVAL DI PT ABC KABUPATEN LAHAT PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: M. Ikbal Aziz  , Lina Rianti  , Lendra Sagita Putri
Published: September 2023

Mining sector is very closely related to mechanical device utilization and is inseparable from cost so that production targets can be achieved. Operational costs can affect the company’s income, so an analysis of operational costs is necessary. This study analyzed the realization of operational costs in fleet 1 overburden removal activities to determine lost opportunities experienced by a company. The analysis process was conductued by identifying the target and actual production of overburden fleet 1. The production target of overburden removal was 15,000 BCM with the tools used 1 digging equipment and 3 hauling equipment and the operational cost consisted of solar cost, oil cost, filter cost, grease cost, tire cost, repair/maintenance cost and operator salary cost. The total operational cost for overburden removal activity was Rp237,579,500 with the overburden transportation cost of Rp29,500 for a distance of 1.2 Km, the gross income carned was Rp435,309,080. The factors that caused the lost opportunity were the unachieved production factor of overburden removal fleet 1 which was Rp7,190,920 and the mechanical equipment maintenance factor which was Rp103,261,000 with a lost opportunity of Rp110,451,920.
Analisis Wacana Kritis Konten Youtube Caknun.com pada Playlist Jurnal Medsos dan Rahmatan Lil’alamin
Authors: Romeli  , Ni’amah Luthfi Ulfa
Published: September 2023

This study seeks to explain Cak Nun's da'wah messages related to social media. The approach used is the theory of critical discourse analysis modeled by Teun A. van Dijk which describes three levels, namely text content, social cognition, and social context. The results of the study explain that Cak Nun invites all people to be wise in using social media and to be able to use social media properly to foster grace for all mankind. This starts with self-applied behavior or attitude of responsibility and awareness in using it so that it can spread benefits to others. Social media can greatly influence humans to obtain thoughts about religion through da'wah content on social media. With this, the use of social media for good can make it one of the tools to compete in terms of goodness to create a harmonious society and one form of creating world peace.
Pelaksanaan E-Pembayaran Dalam Pengurusan Kutipan Sumbangan Masjid Di Selangor: Satu Kajian Rintis
Authors: Idris Junainah , Mat Nor Fadilah , Atan Nur Syaheera , Azman Aza Shahnaz
Published: September 2023

Masjid adalah satu institusi yang yang penting dalam kalangan masyarakat Muslim. Peranan masjid tidak hanya terhad pada aspek solat sahaja bahkan ianya juga meliputi semua aktiviti berkaitan umat Islam sama ada dari aspek sosial ataupun ekonomi. Antara sumber kewangan terbesar masjid yang membantu perjalanan aktiviti masjid adalah dari sumber sumbangan masyarakat Muslim itu sendiri. Pengurusan kutipan sumbangan ini banyak menimbulkan isu terutama dari segi ketelusan dan kecekapan. Isu penyelewengan duit masjid, kehilangan dan kecurian adalah isu yang tidak boleh dipandang ringan dan perlu ditangani demi memastikan kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap pengurusan masjid tidak hilang. Selari dengan perubahan landskap pasaran daripada konvensional kepada digital, masjid juga seharusnya tidak terkecuali dari mengadaptasi perubahan teknologi agar kekal relevan dan dapat meningkatkan kecekapan pengurusan kewangan mereka. Kaedah e-pembayaran adalah satu kaedah yang dilihat dapat membantu memudahkan dan meningkatkan kecekapan pihak pengurusan masjid dalam menguruskan proses kutipan sumbangan masyarakat Muslim. Justeru itu kajian ini akan melihat apakah persepsi pihak pengurusan masjid terhadap pelaksanaan e-pembayaran di masjid mereka. Pengumpulan data bagi kajian rintis ini adalah melalui edaran borang soal selidik kepada 20 responden yang terdiri daripada jawatankuasa pengurusan masjid di lapan buah masjid di Sepang, Selangor. Data telah dianalisis menggunakan perisian SPSS version 26. Dapatan bagi kajian ini diharapkan dapat membantu pihak pengurusan dalam membuat keputusan sama ada perlunya pelaksanaan e-pembayaran di masjid mereka.
The effects of social media influencers’ credibility on product evaluation, product attitude, and purchase intention: The mediating effects of product-influencer fit
Authors: Gubalane Alona , Ha Yongsoo
Published: September 2023

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the impact of social media influencers' credibility, knowledge, and attractiveness on customers' evaluations of products and services within the domain of social media. This investigation was conducted by utilizing the theoretical framework of source credibility theory. This study also investigates the impact of product appraisal on customers' views about the product and its subsequent influence on their intentions to make a purchase. This study identified three key qualities, including source credibility, product appraisal, and product-influencer fit, which were found to be significant. Additionally, this study also revealed the mediating impact of these characteristics. A web-based survey was administered, and the collected data was subjected to analysis via structural equation modeling (SEM). This study found that out of the three elements of source credibility, trustworthiness was the only one that had a statistically significant impact on product appraisal. The findings from the conducted tests indicate that there was no statistically significant impact of competence and attractiveness on the appraisal of the product. Furthermore, it is important to note that the concept of product-influencer fit played a role as a mediator solely in the association between trustworthiness and product appraisal. Also, a significant correlation was seen between product evaluation and product perception. More importantly, it was determined that the purchase intentions of customers were notably impacted by their perceptions and evaluations of the respective products. Therefore, given the influence of trustworthiness on customers' evaluations of items and their positive brand perceptions, social media influencers could be a reliable and effective medium for disseminating marketing communications to consumers.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЮ БЕЗПЕКОЮ БУДІВЕЛЬНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ У ВОЄННИЙ ПЕРІОД
Authors: ТКАЧЕНКО Тетяна Петрівна , ТУЛЬЧИНСЬКА Світлана Олександрівна
Published: September 2023

У статті обґрунтовано аспекти управління економічною безпекою будівельних підприємств у сучасних умовах. Проаналізовано тенденції розвитку будівельної сфери економічної діяльності. Виокремлено специфіку функціонування будівельних підприємств, яка пов’язана з отриманням ліцензій на проведення робіт та різнорідних дозвільних документів; залежністю діяльності від державних структур та органів місцевої влади при отриманні дозволів на будівельну діяльність; залежністю від природних факторів, що зумовлює тривалість та послідовність виконання будівельних робіт; високою вартістю будівельних робіт; аритмічністю діяльності, що пов’язана із сезонністю будівництва; необхідністю залучення великих обсягів інвестування при будівництві; можливістю використання продукції лише за місцем її виробництва при дотриманні різнорідних регламентованих процедур. Обґрунтовано, що управління економічною безпекою підприємства це динамічний процес взаємопов’язаних аспектів планування, організації, контролю, стимулювання, що представляється як певна система та забезпечує стійкість функціонування та подальший розвиток підприємства за рахунок використання різноманітного інструментарію, важелів, методів, а також креативного, структурно-функціонального та процесного підходів, які в сукупності спроможні дати синергетичний ефект для розвитку підприємства. Доведено, що ефективне управління економічною безпекою будівельних підприємств дає можливість забезпечити: більш ефективне використання фінансових ресурсів будівельних підприємств; формування та розвиток інтелектуального капіталу та підвищення ефективності управління персоналом; застосування новітніх процесів та технологій у будівельній діяльності; підвищення якості робіт та продукції відповідно до міжнародних норм та стандартів; здійснення ефективного інформаційного забезпечення будівельної діяльності та підвищення ефективності контролю будівельного виробництва; зменшення витрат та дотримання екологічних норм при будівництві; підвищення ефективності протистояння загрозам та ризикам за рахунок їх вчасного виявлення та розроблення напрямів подолання або пристосування до нових умов господарювання; підвищення взаємодії із контрагентами та стійкості конкурентних позицій на ринку.
The association of vitamin D level with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A comparative cross- sectional study
Authors: Rahaman Kazi Majidur , Remli Rabani , Tan Hui Jan , Mustafa Norlaila , Abdul Manaf Mohd Rizal , Ng Chen Fei
Published: September 2023

Background & Objective: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Vitamin D deficiency has been shown to be prevalent among patients with type 2 DM, particularly in those with DPN. This study aimed to look at the association of serum vitamin D level with peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 DM.
Methods: This was a comparative cross- sectional study conducted in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia. Fifty diabetic patients with DPN and fifty diabetic patients without DPN were recruited. Serum vitamin D level was determined by measuring 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level. The patients were clinically assessed and screened with Diabetic Neuropathy Symptoms score. Nerve conduction study was performed for patients with DPN.
Results: The serum 25(OH)D level was significantly lower in patients with DPN (11.81 [9.09-18.06] vs 18.63 [11.25-22.63] ng/ml; p=0.006). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that DPN was significantly associated with higher BMI, longer duration of DM, insulin usage and serum 25(OH)D level. The usage of fibrates had negative association with DPN. Subgroup analysis of the DPN group showed that patients with painful DPN had significant lower serum 25(OH)D level (p<0.001) and the clinical severity of DPN negatively correlated with serum 25(OH)D level (p=0.015).
Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with DPN in patients with type 2 DM. In addition, patients with painful DPN tend to have significantly lower serum 25(OH)D level.
Free vitamin D and vitamin D binding protein in multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Dönmez Recep , Kayım Yıldız Özlem , Görgülü Ümit
Published: September 2023

Objective: In multiple sclerosis (MS), where low vitamin D level is a risk factor, there is no previous study evaluating the level of free vitamin D by direct measurement, and there is little information about vitamin D binding protein (DBP). This study assessed free vitamin D and DBP in patients with MS.
Methods: The study subjects consisted of 43 MS patients and 25 controls. Free vitamin D and DBP levels were measured through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) kit.
Results: The patient group had a mean age of 36.58 ± 9.4 (19-60) and the control group had a mean age of 33.56 ± 9.65 (24-52) years (p=0.210). The patient had free vitamin D level of 21.51 ±9.72 pg/ml and the free vitamin D level of the control group was 26.02 ±9.29 pg/ml. Free vitamin D levels did not significantly differ across the groups (p=0.065). The patient group (34.78 ±18.24 ng/ml) had a significantly higher DBP level than the control group (15.36 ±10.64 ng/ml) (p<0.001).
Conclusion: MS patients have higher DBP than healthy control, while the free vitamin D levels of the patients tend to be lower.
Evaluation of the functional status of the “unaffected” hand in hemiplegic patients
Authors: Bolkan Günaydın Elzem , Öcalan Mustafa Çağrı , Uzunkulaoğlu Aslıhan , Ay Saime
Published: September 2023

Objectives: To evaluate the functional status of the unaffected hand in hemiplegic patients and its relationships with activities of daily living.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 30 right, 30 left hemiplegic patients with ischemic cerebrovascular accident history in last year, and 30 healthy volunteers. All participants were right-hand dominant. Data on age, gender, height, weight, comorbidities, duration of stroke, Brunnstrom recovery stages were recorded. Handgrip strength (with Jamar-type dynamometer), pinch strengths (with pinch-meter), and hand dexterity [with Nine Hole Peg Test (NHPT)] were evaluated in unaffected hand in patient groups and in both hands in control group. Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (Lawton-IADL) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) were applied to patient groups.
Results: Hand grip and pinch strengths were lower, NHPT duration was longer in right (p=0.004, p=0.03, p<0.001) and left (p=0.03, p=0.02, p=0.002) hemiplegia groups compared to control group. Hand grip and pinch strengths were positively, NHPT duration was negatively correlated with FIM self-care performance (r:0.47 p<0.00, r:0.38 p=0.003, r:-0.40 p=0.002), and Lawton-IADL scores (r:0.48 p<0.001, r:0.42 p=0.001, r:-0.56 p<0.001).
Conclusion: Ipsilesional hand, which is considered unaffected, functions are impaired in hemiplegic patients. This functional impairment is associated with greater dependence on activities of daily living.
Could tear endothelin-1 levels be associated with disability in multiple sclerosis?
Authors: Mustafa çam  , Sehitoglu Hilal
Published: September 2023

Background: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor substance mainly secreted by endothelial cells. Increased ET-1 levels in plasma or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been identified in multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to analyze tear ET-1 levels; visual evoked potential (VEP) and disability scores in patients with MS and in healthy controls.
Methods: Adult patients (18-65 year-old) diagnosed with MS according to the McDonald criteria, and healthy controls were recruited for the study. Demographic features, VEP, and tear ET-1 levels were evaluated. Disability in the MS group was assessed and grouped by EDSS score (<3 vs. ≥3). The EDSS score in healthy controls was zero.
Results: Both in the total number of patients overall and in the patients with EDSS score <3, tear ET-1 levels were higher in the MS group than that in the controls (p<0.001). In the MS group, the ET-1 level was higher in the patients with EDSS score ≥3 than in those with EDSS score <3 (p<0.001). The tear ET-1 level was positively correlated with age and EDSS score in the MS group (p<0.001).
Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, there is no study in the literature that measures tear ET-1 levels in MS and examines their relationship with EDSS score and VEP. Higher tear ET-1 levels seem to be associated with disability and abnormal VEP in MS. Tear ET-1 measurement may be a simple new noninvasive marker indicating the disability in the patients with MS in the future.
Paraneoplastic seropositive AQP4-IgG neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder associated with sigmoid adenocarcinoma
Authors: Abu Hassan Sarah Hasnor , Sonu Sumit Kumar
Published: September 2023

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a relapsing demyelinating and inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, mediated by aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoimmunity. Although NMOSD is most commonly an idiopathic autoimmune condition, it may also occur as a paraneoplastic syndrome in rare instances. Hereby, we report a rare case of a 61-year-old lady with paraneoplastic AQP4-IgG NMOSD associated with adenocarcinoma of sigmoid colon.
Prevalence and risk factors of post-stroke pain in a Malaysian stroke centre: A cross sectional study
Authors: RAJAH RATHIKA , SHAHRUL AZMIN  , MOHD RIZAL ABDUL MANAF  , Wan Nur Nafisah Wan Yahya
Published: September 2023

Background & Objectives: Post-stroke pain (PSP) is a common complication that is often overlooked. It leads to depression, impaired quality of life (QoL) and increased economic burden. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of PSP in a Malaysian stroke centre.
Methods: This is a single-centered, cross-sectional study of 175 post-stroke patients attending the neurology clinic. Their demographic data and clinical variables were collected. They were interviewed using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Barthel Score (BI) and EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) questionnaires.
Results: The prevalence of PSP was 26.3%, with most of them aged 51-70 years (52.2%). The types of pain included headache (30.4%), pain secondary to spasticity (32.6%), central post-stroke pain (26.1%) and shoulder joint pain (19.6%), in which they first experienced the pain between a week to three months post-index stroke. Our study showed that a high NIHSS, prolonged hospital stay for index stroke, poor modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and no post-discharge rehabilitation increased the probability of developing PSP. This resulted in depression, regression of functional status and poor QoL. There was no correlation between older age, gender, ethnicity, and pre-existing medical conditions with the development of PSP.
Conclusion: PSP should be diligently screened and treated in every stroke survivor to improve quality of life.
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in young children with inflammatory bowel disease: A report of two cases
Authors: Mohd Ranai Norashikin , Chew Kee Seang , Lim Wei Kang , Fong Choong Yi , Li Limin , Ng Ruey Terng , Lee Way Seah
Published: September 2023

We describe two young children aged 2 and 5-year-old with very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), who developed focal seizures during an acute flare of disease. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) was confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance venography of the brain. CVST is a rare complication of paediatric IBD that can cause significant morbidity and mortality. The important risk factor for CVST in our children was active disease, which exposed them to an increased prothrombic state. Aggressive treatment of IBD resulted in full neurological recovery of our patients and resolution of the CVST. Our case report is the youngest reported age of CVST associated with IBD to date and highlights the need for clinicians to be vigilant for this rare complication, even in young children with IBD.
Rescue treatment with tPA for refractory thromboembolism during stent-assisted coiling of a ruptured intracranial aneurysm: A case report
Authors: Kim Sanghyeon , Kang Myongjin
Published: September 2023

Thromboembolic complications during stent-assisted coiling of ruptured intracranial aneurysms are major complications that can cause serious neurological deficits. Management strategies include medical thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy with suction aspiration or stent retrieval, and rescue stenting. The existing literature suggests that tissue plasminogen activator agents should be used cautiously because of the high risk of severe bleeding at the aneurysm. We present the case of a ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm. Acute in-stent thrombosis occurred during the stent-assisted coiling of the aneurysm. Rescue therapy with tirofiban, suction aspiration, and rescue stenting was attempted; however, these methods failed. Finally, tissue plasminogen activator infusion was performed, which successfully dissolved the thrombus and restored blood flow. Follow-up brain computed tomography revealed no increase in hemorrhage volume.
Chronic kidney disease is an independent risk factor of postoperative seizures after burr hole surgery for chronic subdural hematomas
Authors: Zheng Tao , Wang Nian-Hua , Leng Hai-Bin , Que Si-Wei , Meng Nie  , Hua Chen  , Xu Li-Xin
Published: September 2023

Background: Postoperative seizures are serious neurological complications of chronic subdural hematomas (CSDH). The identification of risk factors of seizures after CSDH is needed to determine which patients require antiepileptic prophylaxis.
Methods: We retrospectively collected data on patients diagnosed with CSDH from 2015 to 2018. Postoperative seizures are defined as those occurring within 30 days after surgery. Non-hemorrhagic subdural effusion and acute subdural hemorrhage after craniotomy were precluded in the study. We collected data from 221 patients who had burr hole surgery. We retrospectively recorded patient characteristics, hematoma characteristics, symptoms at admission, comorbid conditions, and other related parameters to evaluate the impact of these parameters on postoperative seizures.
Results: Postoperative seizures occurred in 16 patients (7.24%). The univariate analysis showed that previous chronic kidney disease (31.25% vs. 5.37%, p= 0.001), age (60.44 vs. 66.54 y, p = 0.029), low Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) at admission (13.69 vs. 14.46, p = 0.015), and preoperative midline shift (9.79 vs. 8.57 mm, p = 0.021) were significantly correlated with postoperative seizures. The multivariate analysis revealed that previous chronic kidney disease (odds ratio [OR] = 27.103; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.887-150.296; p < 0.001), younger age (OR = 0.921; 95% CI = 0.866-0.979; p = 0.009) and preoperative midline shift (OR = 1.782; 95% CI = 1.175-2.702; p = 0.007) were independent risk factors of seizures. However, there was no significant difference in GCS at admission.
Conclusions: The independent predictors of postoperative seizures in patients with CSDH were preoperative midline shift, chronic kidney disease, and younger age. For younger patients with chronic kidney disease and preoperative midline displacement, we recommend antiepileptic preventive measures during the perioperative period.
What happens to the health-related quality of life of multiple sclerosis patients if they benefit from health literacy related to multiple sclerosis? A cross-sectional study in a developing country
Authors: Zahra Zeraatkar  , Maryam Kazerani  , Maryam Shekofteh  , Mohammad Reza Bardideh
Published: September 2023

Health literacy is an important pathway that provides insights into appraise of health information, the ability to search health information, knowledge of caring for the disease and successful practices in health conditions, and also opportunities for effective change in individual health. Health-related quality of life refers to the physical and mental health of an individual or group over time. Both heath literacy and health related quality of life are the priorities of WHO. This study aimed to determine the relationship between health literacy and health-related quality of life among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, refered to Fars MS society, Shiraz-Iran, a developing country. This is a descriptive- correlational study. Three hundred and nine persons with MS completed two forms: the Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders and Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale validated questionnaires. Health literacy was significantly related to health quality of life in MS patients. The dimensions of health literacy had a significant relationship with health quality of life, and the physical dimension was significantly correlated with health literacy. Among the demographic variables, “source of health information” was most related to heath literacy, and “age” was most related to health quality of life. Thus, holding training classes, communicating with other patients, effective communication with medical staff, using disease-related web facilities, finding correct information in the web environment, and using the facilities of hospital libraries can ensure quality of life of MS patients.
CAV-3-related age-dependent muscle diseases: A novel mutation in mother and son
Authors: Tekin Hande , Edem Pınar
Published: September 2023

The caveolin-3 protein encoded by the CAV-3 gene is a muscle-specific protein found in skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. Caveolin-3 defects lead to several muscle diseases: rippling muscle disease (RMD), limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD1C), distal myopathy, familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and asymptomatic hyper-CK-emia. While some variants that cause mutations in this gene cause a pure type of disease, some variants may appear as overlap syndromes. Even in the same variants of CAV-3 mutation, the type of muscle disease, its severity, and time of occurrence can be variable. For this reason, it should be known that CAV-3-related diseases and all overlapping diseases can be seen over time, and the patient should be followed up. We report here a 9-year- old boy and his 38-year-old mother who were investigated for asymptomatic hyper-CK-emia and diagnosed with caveolinopathy. The boy had calf hypertrophy and percussion-induced rapid muscle contraction (PIRCs). His mother had calf hypertrophy, contractions due to percussion, and proximal muscle weakness. Mother’s proximal muscles and m. gastrocnemius magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was normal. The mother had complaints of weakness, showing slow progression starting from the second decade. Heterozygous (ENST000003cav3849.2) c.298A>T p.Ile100Phe variant in exon 2 was detected in the CAV-3 gene. This mutation is classified as pathogenic according to The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) criteria (PM1, PM2, PP3, PM5). In conclusion, calves’ pseudohypertrophy and mildly raised CK without weakness can be the initial presentation of caveolinopathy. Percussion-induced muscle contractions, rather than muscle rippling, can occur at a young age. The onset of muscle weakness can be delayed during adolescence and can have a slowly deteriorating course associated with myalgia.
Serum galectin-3 as a potential predictive biomarker Is associated with post-stroke depression
Authors: Yuan Weiyuan , Feng YiMeng , Yang Ting , Mahemuti Kedierya , Yao Ensheng
Published: September 2023

Objective: As an inflammatory mediator, serum galectin-3 is involved in a variety of biological processes, including fibrosis, angiogenesis, apoptosis and immune activation, as well as in the physiological and pathological processes of multiple nervous system diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum galectin-3 and post-stroke depression in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.
Methods: Baseline data of patients with AIS admitted to the Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine from October 2021 to May 2022 were continuously collected. The general data of the patients were collected and serum galectin-3 levels were measured. Hamilton Depression Scale was used to evaluate the occurrence of post-stroke depression.
Results: The level of serum galectin-3 was increased in AIS patients with post-stroke depression. The prevalence of post-stroke depression increased with the increase of serum galectin-3 level, suggesting that serum galectin-3 was associated with post-stroke depression. The findings from the ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of serum galectin-3 as a possible biomarker for diagnosing post- stroke depression in AIS patients was 0.719. The sensitivity and specificity were 78.1% and 65.2%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum galectin-3 level remained to be a predictor of post-stroke depression.
Conclusions: Elevated serum galectin-3 levels are linked to a higher risk of post-stroke depression. Serum galectin-3 may be a promising biomarker for clinical monitoring of post-stroke depression.
Acupuncture in the treatment of stroke: A bibliometric analysis based on Citespace
Authors: Zhang Yajing , Shen Yu , Dang Xixi , Chen Xiaomeng , Yang Yirong , Xiong Ying , Hong Daojun
Published: September 2023

Background & Objectives: Stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity, high mortality and high disability rate. Acupuncture has been widely used in the treatment of stroke. However, bibliometrics on acupuncture for stroke are still lacking. This study aims to analyze the global research trend of acupuncture treatment for stroke in the past 20 years.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted in Web of Science about acupuncture in the treatment of stroke. The databases were searched from inception to August 2022. Citespace is a service that researches the underlying knowledge in the scientific literature. We used it to analyze the relationship between publication year and country, institution, journal, author, bibliography, and keywords about acupuncture for stroke.
Results: A total of 897 articles were included for analysis. Over the past 20 years, the results showed a steady increase in the number of articles about acupuncture treatment for stroke. The country with the largest number of publications is the People’s Republic of China (670), and the institution with the largest number of publications is Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (66). Keyword analysis showed that acupuncture in the treatment of post-stroke conscious cognitive impairment is the research development trend and focus on this field.
Conclusion: This study provides a visual analysis method for the trends and frontiers of acupuncture treatment for stroke. Acupuncture is the research development trend for the treatment of post-stroke conscious cognitive impairment. Although most studies conclude that acupuncture has a positive effect on stroke, a large sample, randomized controlled trials are still needed to analyze the efficacy and physiological mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of stroke.
Ticagrelor plus aspirin vs clopidogrel plus aspirin in mild non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke: A protocol of a randomized, controlled, active comparator arm, outcome assessor blind, feasibility study
Authors: Sharifi-Razavi Athena , Moghadam Ahmadi Amir , Tabrizi Nasim , Daz Razieh
Published: September 2023

Background & Objectives: The risk of recurrence after a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke is high especially within three months after first event. The aim of study is assessing the efficacy of ticagrelor plus aspirin in reduction of mild non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke or high risk TIA recurrence during first 3 months.
Methods: This is a randomized, controlled, active comparator arm, outcome assessor blind, parallel group, feasibility study design on 90 patients with diagnosis of non-cardioembolic minor ischemic stroke or high risk TIA admitted in Bou-Ali Sina Hospital, Sari, Iran. After meeting all inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients will be randomized to ticagrelor 90 mg BID plus aspirin (ASA) 80 mg daily or clopidogrel 75 mg daily plus ASA 80 mg daily (1:1 ratio) until 21 days and then ASA 80 mg daily. Participants will be visited at month one and three. Any adverse events, serious side effects and outcome events will be recorded. The primary outcome is defined as ischemic stroke recurrence.
Conclusion: Ticagrelor plus ASA is expected to be effective for prevention of recurrence in mild non-cardioembolic stroke and high risk TIA. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04738097
Temporal trends of stroke incidence over 14 years in Iran: Findings of a large-scale multi-centric hospital-based registry
Authors: Sadeghi Masoumeh , Jamalian Marjan , Nouri Fatemeh , Roohafza Hamidreza , Oveisegaran Shahram , Marzieh Taheri  , Sarrafzadegan Nizal , Rahban Habib
Published: September 2023

Background: The burden of stroke is high worldwide, especially in low-middle income countries. We aim to explore the temporal trends of the incidence rate (IR) of stroke over 14 years in Iran’s central areas.
Methods: Stroke registry as part of cardiovascular disease (CVD) registry in Isfahan that focused on hospitalized patients (≥15 years) with first or recurrent stroke from 2001 to 2015. Factors included date of symptoms, demographics, management, survival at 28 days, date of admission, history of stroke, and other CVD and clinical diagnosis according to Computer Tomography Scan. We calculated age-, sex, and place-of-residence-adjusted IR based on multiple reference populations. Data were analyzed by bootstrap robust zero-truncated negative binomial regression models using R Statistical Software.
Results: From 19,174 registered patients with stroke assessed by ICD-10; 18,010 (93.93%) cases were identified based on WHO-MONICA. Approximately 51% of hospitalized stroke patients were women. The average annual increase in stroke incidence based on ICD-10 ranged from 1.56% (95% CI, 0.14, 2.97) to 2.67% (95% CI, 1.25, 4.09) for different reference populations. In addition, a similar trend was also observed for stroke IR based on WHO-MONICA during the study period for the whole reference population, with an average annual change of 2.5% (95% CI, 1.28, 3.72) to 3.64 % (95% CI, 2.47, 4.82).
Conclusion: Given that temporal trends of stroke have increased in both sexes, especially in Iran’s urban areas, prevention programs are needed for public awareness and physician motivation in order to identify risk factors as well as primary and secondary prevention.
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on epilepsy patients
Authors: Uçan Tokuç Firdevs Ezgi , Genç Fatma , Altunç Fatma Zehra , Gömceli Yasemin Biçer
Published: September 2023

Background: Pandemics like the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) bring along many individual and social problems. We aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in patients with epilepsy and if seizures worsened because of it.
Methods: During their routine outpatient follow-up appointments, the patients were probed using questionnaires prepared in advance and we also administered Beck depression and Hamilton anxiety scales to the patients.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 34.9 years and 39.5% of the patients were male. It was asked whether patients had problems accessing medications, hospitals, and doctors or whether they had difficulty receiving tests such as EEG-MRI, and 14.9 % of the patients said they had issues accessing them. About 6.8% of all patients and 5/17 patients with COVID-19 infection reported an increase in seizure frequency of more than 50%. While 49 (30.3%) of 161 patients stated they had insomnia during the pandemic period, 58 (36.02%) patients said they started to experience symptoms of anxiety and depression during the pandemic period. Depression was diagnosed in 71 (44.1%), and anxiety was observed in 34 (21.2%) of 161 patients.
Conclusion: As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine measures, epilepsy patients have been affected significantly. There was a considerable rise in the number of seizures in a large number of patients, and most of them expressed anxiety, depression symptoms, and insomnia. These rates were observed to be greater in individuals who had refractory epilepsy and a history of COVID infection.
A variant in SLC12A5 for a familial benign Rolandic epilepsy
Authors: Kim JONG HUN , Kim Hyoung Seop
Published: September 2023

Benign Rolandic epilepsy (BRE) is the most common cause of epilepsy in childhood. Childhood epilepsies have high heritability, and many BRE cases show an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Thanks to the advancement of genomics, the causal genes of BRE were being elucidated. Although BRE is a genetic disorder, most BRE cases cannot be explained by known causal genes. Pleiotropy is a common phenomenon in genes related to epilepsy. For example, the same variant in a gene related to BRE can cause diverse epileptic syndromes from mild BRE to Landau-Kleffner syndrome, a severe form of epilepsy. Although BRE is classified as idiopathic focal epilepsy, BRE can be caused by the same genes or loci related to idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). Using whole exome sequencing, we tried to find causal variants and copy number variations in the known genes for BRE and IGE. We found a novel missense variant in SLC12A5 as a cause of a familial BRE. Although SLC12A5 is a known causal gene for IGE, it may cause BRE, because many genes related to BRE can cause diverse epilepsy syndromes including IGE.