bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detecting GPC3-Expressing Hepatocellular Carcinoma with L5 Peptide-Guided Pretargeting Approach: In Vitro and In Vivo MR Imaging Experiments
Authors: Li Weiyue , Xiao Xiang , Li Xiaodan , Xu Yikai , Ma Lichao , Guo Liuji , Yan Chenggong , Wu Yuankui
Published: September 2018

Objective. To investigate the potential of L5 peptide-guided pretargeting approach to identify GPC3-expressing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) as the MR probe. Methods. Immunofluorescence with carboxyfluorescein- (FAM-) labeled L5 peptide was performed in HepG2 cells. Polyethylene glycol-modified USPIO (PEG-USPIO) and its conjugation with streptavidin (SA-PEG-USPIO) were synthesized, and their hydrodynamic diameters, zeta potential, T2 relaxivity, and cytotoxicity were measured. In vitro and in vivo two-step pretargeting MR imaging was performed on HepG2 cells and tumor-bearing mice after the administration of biotinylated L5 peptide (first step), followed by SA-PEG-USPIO (second step). Prussian blue staining was performed to assess iron deposition in tumors. Results. The high specificity of L5 peptide for GPC3 was demonstrated. Generation of SA-PEG-USPIO nanoparticles with good biocompatibility (an average hydrodynamic diameter of 35.97 nm and a zeta potential of −7.91 mV), superparamagnetism (R2 = 0.1039 × 103 mM−1s−1), and low toxicity was achieved. The pretargeting group showed more enhancement than the nonpretargeting group both in vitro (60% vs 20%, P<0.05) and in vivo (32% vs 6%, P<0.001). Substantial iron deposition was only observed in HepG2 cells and tumors in the pretargeting group. Conclusion. L5 peptide-guided, two-step pretargeting approach with USPIO as the MR imaging probe is a lucrative strategy to specifically identify GPC3-expressing HCC.
The Application of Fuzzy VIKOR for the Design Scheme Selection in Lean Management
Authors: Jing Shuwei , Tang Yao , Yan Junai
Published: September 2018

Given that using the same evaluation criteria in group decision making (GDM) may cause solution bias, this research proposes the decision making model using improved fuzzy VIKOR and takes the lean management design scheme selection process in a real estate company as an example to study the way of decision making. Research results are as follows: (1) improved fuzzy VIKOR allows different decision makers to evaluate all schemes with respect to different evaluation criteria systems and, based on this, this research proposes a decision making model which can effectively avoid making decision using the same criteria system; (2) this decision making model is very scientific, as it is not sensitive to the coefficient of selection mechanism, the weight of decision maker, and the weight of evaluation criterion, so the decision results are very stable; (3) the decision making model proposed in this research can effectively obtain the optimal result and avoid suboptimal solution.
Discovery and Therapeutic Exploitation of Mechanisms of Resistance to MET Inhibitors in Glioblastoma
Authors: Cruickshanks Nichola , Zhang Ying , Hine Sarah , Gibert Myron , Yuan Fang , Oxford Madison , Grello Cassandra , Pahuski Mary , Dube Collin , Guessous Fadila , Wang Baomin , Deveau Ciana , Saoud Karim , Gallagher Isela , Wulfkuhle Julia , Schiff David , Phan See , Petricoin Emanuel , Abounader Roger
Published: September 2018

Purpose:

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and most lethal primary malignant brain tumor. The receptor tyrosine kinase MET is frequently upregulated or overactivated in GBM. Although clinically applicable MET inhibitors have been developed, resistance to single modality anti-MET drugs frequently occurs, rendering these agents ineffective. We aimed to determine the mechanisms of MET inhibitor resistance in GBM and use the acquired information to develop novel therapeutic approaches to overcome resistance.

Experimental Design: We investigated two clinically applicable MET inhibitors: crizotinib, an ATP-competitive small molecule inhibitor of MET, and onartuzumab, a monovalent monoclonal antibody that binds to the extracellular domain of the MET receptor. We developed new MET inhibitor–resistant cells lines and animal models and used reverse phase protein arrays (RPPA) and functional assays to uncover the compensatory pathways in MET inhibitor–resistant GBM.

Results:

We identified critical proteins that were altered in MET inhibitor–resistant GBM including mTOR, FGFR1, EGFR, STAT3, and COX-2. Simultaneous inhibition of MET and one of these upregulated proteins led to increased cell death and inhibition of cell proliferation in resistant cells compared with either agent alone. In addition, in vivo treatment of mice bearing MET-resistant orthotopic xenografts with COX-2 or FGFR pharmacological inhibitors in combination with MET inhibitor restored sensitivity to MET inhibition and significantly inhibited tumor growth.

Conclusions:

These data uncover the molecular basis of adaptive resistance to MET inhibitors and identify new FDA-approved multidrug therapeutic combinations that can overcome resistance.
The Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Diary Rating Scale (NPI-Diary): A Method for Improving Stability in Assessing Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dementia
Authors: Morganti Francesca , Soli Alex , Savoldelli Paola , Belotti Gloria
Published: September 2018

Background: In health-care settings, the use of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Nursing Home (NPI-NH) may not always be consistent with the authors’ guidelines, which affects its reliability. To avoid this bias, a diary version of the NPI (NPI-Diary) was developed. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties (internal consistency and reliability) of the NPI-Diary, and examined its convergence with the NPI-NH. Methods: Two raters administered the NPI-NH and NPI-Diary to 40 participants with Alzheimer’s disease, selected randomly from a hospital’s weekly turnover. Results: The NPI-Diary exhibited adequate internal consistency (total: α = 0.581) and test-retest reliability (total: ρ = 0.711; p < 0.01). The interrater reliability values (ICC) for the NPI-NH and NPI-Diary differed significantly (Total: NPI-NH ICC = 0.506, NPI-Diary ICC = 0.879; Frequency: NPI-NH ICC = 0.51, NPI-Diary ICC = 0.798; Severity: NPI-NH ICC = 0.491, NPI-Diary ICC = 0.809). The convergent validity between the two inventories was also significant (total: ρ = 0.48; p < 0.01). Conclusions: The NPI-Diary showed more appropriate validity and reliability compared to the NPI-NH, when administered in a highly variable sample, as is generally the case in the current health-care setting.
Population-Based Screening for Trisomies and Atypical Chromosomal Abnormalities: Improving Efficacy using the Combined First Trimester Screening Algorithm as well as Individual Risk Parameters
Authors: Vogel Ida , Tabor Ann , Ekelund Charlotte , Lou Stina , Hyett Jon , Petersen Olav Bjørn ,   The Danish Fetal Medicine Study Group, and the Danish Cytogenetic Study Group
Published: September 2018

Aim: To examine the performance of the combined First Trimester Screening (cFTS) algorithm when outliers of 4 risk parameters (maternal age, nuchal translucency (NT) thickness, PAPP-A and β-hCG) were included in the classification of “high-risk”. Methods: A retrospective analysis of singleton pregnancies undergoing cFTS between 2008 and 2011 in Denmark. Abnormal karyotypes were classified as trisomy 21 (T21), trisomy 13 (T13) and trisomy 18 (T18), sex chromosome aberrations and atypical abnormal karyotypes. Results: cFTS was completed in 193,638 pregnancies. In 10,205 (5.3%) cases, cytogenetic or molecular analysis was performed pre- or postnatally. An abnormal karyotype was seen in 1,122 (11.0%). The algorithm identified 87% of T21, 80% of T13, 75% of T18, 79% of sex chromosome aberrations and 35% of atypical abnormal karyotypes. Additional classification of a single risk parameter outlier (low PAPP-A or free β-hCG (< 0.2 MoMs), high β-hCG (≥5.0 MoMs), maternal age ≥45 years or NT ≥3.5 mm) as being at high-risk would have improved detection rates to 88, 80, 81, 81 and 37% respectively. The screen positive rate increased from 4.4 to 4.8%. Discussion: Addition of outliers of the 4 parameters used in cFTS algorithm will lead to a statistically significant increase in detection rates for chromosomal abnormality.
Novel Facial Cream Containing Carnosine Inhibits Formation of Advanced Glycation End-Products in Human Skin
Authors: Narda Mridvika , Peno-Mazzarino Laurent , Krutmann Jean , Trullas Carles , Granger Corinne
Published: September 2018

Background: Accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in skin has been associated with skin aging. Inhibition of glycation of proteins of extracellular matrix may help skin texture and appearance. The objective of the study was to demonstrate the antiglycation activity of topically applied carnosine and novel facial cream (FC) containing carnosine in human skin explants ex vivo. Methods: Glycation was induced in human skin explants by methylglyoxal (MG) in culture media. FC containing carnosine (FC-CARN) or carnosine in aqueous solution (AQ-CARN) was applied topically on skin explants. Levels of AGEs carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) and pentosidine were determined in the epidermis and dermis of skin sections and were used to calculate antiglycation activity. Results: Exposure to MG led to increases in CML and pentosidine in skin explants. Antiglycation effect for AQ-CARN was CML: –64 and –41%, pentosidine: –48 and 42% in epidermis and reticular dermis respectively. Antiglycation effect for FC-CARN was CML: –150 and –122%, pentosidine: –108 and –136%, in epidermis and reticular dermis respectively. Conclusion: Topically applied carnosine protects against the glycation induced by MG. Novel FC-CARN significantly reduced levels of AGEs in both epidermis and reticular dermis in human skin explants.
Assessment of Pyrexia and Associated Sickness Behavior in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Pal Monika , Kumar Santhosh , Varma Muralidhar , Gopalkrishna Pratibha , Bhat Subraya
Published: September 2018

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess pyrexia and sickness behavior such as anxiety, depression, lethargy, and weight loss in subjects with chronic periodontitis, and evaluate inflammatory mediators such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the patients with fever. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that consisted of 150 chronic periodontitis and 150 healthy subjects. Sublingual and subgingival temperatures were assessed using a digital temperature probe. Associated sickness behavior was assessed for all the subjects. Pathological tests, i.e., ESR and CRP were done for subjects with fever. Results: Evaluating the presence of fever with the severity of periodontal disease, 66.7% of the subjects with fever were in the group diagnosed with severe periodontitis, 20.4% had with moderate periodontitis, and 5.3% were in the healthy group. Subjects diagnosed with periodontitis comprised 66.2% of the subjects with higher (i.e., > 36.3°C) subgingival temperatures and healthy subjects made up the remaining 33.8% (p < 0.001). A correlation between the sublingual and subgingival temperature with the Pearson ρ correlation coefficient of 0.227 (p < 0.001) was observed. A statistically significant mean value of 37.05 ± 11.24 of ESR and 1.59 ± 1.11 mg/L of CRP was reported amongst the subjects with fever (p < 0.001). The association of sickness behavior with the severity of periodontitis was found to be significant: depression 40.006, anxiety 50.857, reported weight loss 76.463, and lethargy 141.581 (p < 0.001). Discussion and Conclusion: The study demonstrated that there is a significant increase in the sublingual temperature amongst patients with severe chronic periodontitis. The subgingival temperature has a positive correlation with the sublingual temperature. There was a linear trend of an association of sickness behavior with the severity of chronic periodontitis. A significant increase in the circulating inflammatory mediators, CRP and ESR, were noticed in subjects with elevated body temperature.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Sarcopenia and Frailty in Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Peball Marina , Mahlknecht Philipp , Werkmann Mario , Marini Kathrin , Murr Franziska , Herzmann Helga , Stockner Heike , de Marzi Roberto , Heim Beatrice , Djamshidian Atbin , Willeit Peter , Willeit Johann , Kiechl Stefan , Valent Dora , Krismer Florian , Wenning Gregor Karl , Nocker Michael , Mair Katherina , Poewe Werner , Seppi Klaus
Published: September 2018

Background: Sarcopenia and frailty are found in up to one-third of the general elderly population. Both are associated with major adverse health outcomes such as nursing home placement, disability, decreased quality of life, and death. Data on the frequency of both syndromes in Parkinson’s disease (PD), however, are very limited. Objective: We aimed to screen for sarcopenia and frailty in PD patients and to assess potential associations of both geriatric syndromes with demographic and clinical parameters as well as quality of life. Methods: In this observational, cross-sectional study, we included 104 PD patients from a tertiary center and 330 non-PD controls from a population-based cohort aged > 65 years. All groups were screened for sarcopenia using the SARC-F score and for frailty using the Clinical Frailty Scale of the Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA CFS). Prevalence rates of sarcopenia and frailty were also assessed in 18 PD patients from a population-based cohort aged > 65 years. Moreover, PD patients from the tertiary center were evaluated for motor and non-motor symptoms, quality of life, and dependency. Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia was 55.8% (95% CI: 46.2–64.9%) in PD patients from the tertiary center and 8.2% (5.7–11.7%; p < 0.001) in non-PD controls. Frailty was detected in 35.6% (27.0–45.2%) and 5.2% (3.2–8.1%; p < 0.001). Prevalence rates for sarcopenia and frailty were 33.3% (16.1–56.4%; p = 0.004) and 22.2% (8.5–45.8%; p = 0.017) in the community-based PD sample. Both sarcopenia and frailty were significantly associated with longer disease duration, higher motor impairment, higher Hoehn and Yahr stages, decreased quality of life, higher frequency of falls, a higher non-motor symptom burden, institutionalization, and higher care levels in PD patients from a tertiary center compared to not affected PD patients (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: Both frailty and sarcopenia are more common in PD patients than in the general community and are associated with a more adverse course of the disease. Future studies should look into underlying risk factors for the occurrence of sarcopenia and frailty in PD patients and into adequate management to prevent and mitigate them.
Early Achievement of Blood Pressure Lowering and Hematoma Growth in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Stroke Acute Management with Urgent Risk-Factor Assessment and Improvement-Intracerebral Hemorrhage Study
Authors: Yamaguchi Yoshitaka , Koga Masatoshi , Sato Shoichiro , Yamagami Hiroshi , Todo Kenichi , Okuda Satoshi , Okada Yasushi , Kimura Kazumi , Shiokawa Yoshiaki , Kamiyama Kenji , Itabashi Ryo , Hasegawa Yasuhiro , Kario Kazuomi , Fujita Kyohei , Kumamoto Masaya , Kamimura Teppei , Ando Daisuke , Ide Toshihiro , Yoshimoto Takeshi , Shiozawa Masayuki , Matsubara Soichiro , Yoshimura Sohei , Nagatsuka Kazuyuki , Toyoda Kazunori ,   for the SAMURAI Study Investigators
Published: September 2018

Background: Previous studies have revealed that hematoma growth mainly occurs during the first 6 h after the onset of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Early lowering of blood pressure (BP) may be beneficial for preventing hematoma growth. However, relationships between timing of BP lowering and hematoma growth in ICH remain unclear. We investigated associations between timing of BP lowering and hematoma growth for ICH. Methods: The Stroke Acute Management with Urgent Risk-factor Assessment and Improvement (SAMURAI)-ICH Study was a multicenter, prospective, observational study investigating the safety and feasibility of early (within 3 h from onset) reduction of systolic BP (SBP) to < 160 mm Hg with intravenous nicardipine for acute hypertension in cases of spontaneous ICH. The present study was a post hoc analysis of the SAMURAI-ICH study. We examined relationships between time from onset, imaging, and initiation of treatment to target SBP achievement and hematoma growth (absolute growth ≥6 mL) in ICH patients. Target SBP achievement was defined as the time at which SBP first became < 160 mm Hg. Results: Among 211 patients, hematoma growth was seen in 31 patients (14.7%). The time from imaging to target SBP and time from treatment to target SBP were significantly shorter in patients without hematoma growth than in those with (p = 0.043 and p = 0.032 respectively), whereas no significant difference was seen in time from onset to SBP < 160 mm Hg between groups (p = 0.177). Patients in the lower quartiles of time from imaging to target SBP and time from treatment to target SBP showed lower incidences of hematoma growth (p trend = 0.023 and 0.037 respectively). The lowest quartile of time from imaging to target SBP (< 38 min) was negatively associated with hematoma growth on multivariable logistic regression (OR 0.182; 95% CI 0.038–0.867; p = 0.032). Conclusions: Early achievement of target SBP < 160 mm Hg is associated with a lower risk of hematoma growth in ICH.
Impact of Dysphagia Assessment and Management on Risk of Stroke-Associated Pneumonia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Eltringham Sabrina A. , Kilner Karen , Gee Melanie , Sage Karen , Bray Benjamin D. , Pownall Sue , Smith Craig J.
Published: September 2018

Background: Patients with dysphagia are at an increased risk of stroke-associated pneumonia. There is wide variation in the way patients are screened and assessed during the acute phase. The aim of this review was to identify the methods of assessment and management in acute stroke that influence the risk of stroke-associated pneumonia. Studies of stroke patients that reported dysphagia screening, assessment or management and occurrence of pneumonia during acute phase stroke were screened for inclusion after electronic searches of multiple databases from inception to November 2016. The primary outcome was association with stroke-associated pneumonia. Summary: Twelve studies of 87,824 patients were included. The type of dysphagia screening protocol varied widely across and within studies. There was limited information on what comprised a specialist swallow assessment and alternative feeding was the only management strategy, which was reported for association with stroke-associated pneumonia. Use of a formal screening protocol and early dysphagia screening (EDS) and assessment by a speech and language pathologist (SLP) were associated with a reduced risk of stroke-associated pneumonia. There was marked heterogeneity between the included studies, which precluded meta-analysis. Key Messages: There is variation in the assessment and management of dysphagia in acute stroke. There is increasing evidence that EDS and specialist swallow assessment by an SLP may reduce the odds of stroke-associated pneumonia. There is the potential for other factors to influence the incidence of stroke-associated pneumonia during the acute phase.
Massive Fetomaternal Hemorrhage Remote from Term: Favorable Outcome after Fetal Resuscitation and Conservative Management
Authors: Christino Luiz Maria Flavia , Baschat Ahmet A. , Delp Cassandra , Miller Jena L.
Published: September 2018

Fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) is a rare condition that requires early diagnosis and appropriate treatment due to its potentially severe consequences. We report a case of massive FMH presenting as decreased fetal movement, fetal hydrops, and intracranial hemorrhage at 24 weeks. Treatment considerations were made and amniocentesis, fetal blood sampling, and fetal blood transfusion via cordocentesis were performed. Recurrent FMH required subsequent fetal transfusion 2 days later. Surveillance was continued twice weekly until the patient delivered a viable infant at 38 weeks after spontaneous labor. Recurrent FMH was unpredictable due to its unclear etiology and absence of precipitating events, however close surveillance proved effective.
Transport of Pollutants by the Sea Breeze in São Paulo under the South Atlantic High
Authors: Chiquetto Júlio Barboza , Ribeiro Flávia Noronha Dutra , Alvim Débora Souza , Ynoue Rita Yuri , Silva Josiane Da , Silva Maria Elisa Siqueira
Published: September 2018

The land-sea breeze circulation is important for the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (MRSP), influencing predominant wind direction during the night and day, and so, the transport of pollution in the local scale. In the summer of 2014, there were 43 exceedances of the state air quality by ozone, when the South Atlantic Subtropical High strengthened over southeast Brazil. We aimed to study how the land-sea breeze circulation influenced the transport of the pollutants CO, NO, NO2 and O3 in the study area using the WRF/Chem model in the period 28/01-01/02/2014. Two scenarios were considered: CTRL – vehicular emissions based on current emission inventories and SENS – removing 75% of emissions in the MRSP. Results were analysed through maps with the spatial distribution of pollutants in the domain and showed the importance of the land-sea breeze circulation for the transport of pollution. Analysis of the divergence field proved useful for identifying the sea breeze front. Higher O3 concentrations were simulated in the prefrontal convergence line, due to stagnation and accumulation of pollutants brought by the passage of the sea breeze over polluted areas, resulting in the transport of ozone and other pollutants to distant areas northwest during the afternoon and evening. There was also transport of pollutants to the south in the early morning caused by the land breeze. Upward air motion due to the convergence in the prefrontal region caused vertical transport of ozone during the afternoon.
Caracterização Geocronológica Como Ferramenta para Avaliação de Captura Fluvial Ocorrida no Rio Guaratuba, SP, Brasil
Authors: Patucci Natalia Nunes , Oliveira Deborah De , Conceição Jamille Santos , Faria Marina De Souza , Silva Carlos Batista , Santos Andre Henrique Bezerra dos
Published: September 2018

Esta pesquisa visa corroborar com o estudo de capturas fluviais ocorridas no sudeste brasileiro, especialmente quanto aos materiais de recobrimento superficiais formadores de feições morfológicas fluviais. Foram coletadas amostras das coberturas superficiais dos solos que recobrem o vale seco ou o antigo terraço do rio Guaratuba, região do divisor de bacias entre o alto Guaratuba e Rio Claro, para avaliação granulométrica, morfoscópica, mineralógica e palinológica. As amostras de material arenoso foram submetidas à datação absoluta através do método de Luminescência Opticamente Estimulada (LOE), enquanto as de material orgânico foram submetidas à datação absoluta de 14C via Espectrometria de Massa por Aceleradores (AMS). Os materiais de cobertura foram classificados na análise macromorfológica como Gleissolos, Espodossolos, Organossolos e Cambissolos os quais continham cascalheiras com mais de 1m de profundidade. Ocorre a predominância da fração arenosa em todos os horizontes descritos na análise granulométrica, assim como de quartzo e mica na análise mineralógica. Na análise morfoscópica da fração areia, observou-se o arredondamento dos grãos de quartzo em todos os horizontes, o que indica que esses grãos sofreram no passado erosão mecânica por fluxo de corrente. A avaliação de grãos de pólen fossilizados revelou um total de 6 táxons distintos preservados no vale seco, 1 Gimnosperma e 6 Angiospermas, sendo os sedimentos correspondentes ao Pleistoceno Tardio e Holoceno, o que indica possibilidade de correlação da formação dessa feição com flutuações climáticas. Estudos sistêmicos tornam-se referências importantes ao elucidarem em seus resultados o papel dos materiais formadores de feições morfológicas fluviais decorrentes de capturas.
Classificação do Padrão de Ocupação Urbana de São Paulo Utilizando Aprendizagem de Máquina e Sentinel 2
Authors: Rosa Marcos Reis
Published: September 2018

Mapear o padrão de ocupação urbana e intra-urbana é essencial para planejamento das grandes cidades. O Google Earth Engine, classificação com aprendizagem de máquina e imagens do Sentinel 2 permitem uma classificação detalhada das áreas urbanas que pode ser aprimorada pelo conjunto de bandas utilizadas, algoritmo e balanceamento das amostras. Foram produzidas classificações do município de São Paulo/SP para o ano de 2017 com o melhor resultado produzido pelo Random Forest com 87,2% de exatidão global quando utiliza as bandas de reflectância, índices espectrais, temporal e de textura. O resultado demonstra a capacidade de utilizar a plataforma e imagens livres com algoritmos de aprendizagem de máquina para classificar padrão de ocupação urbana e intra-urbana.
Uso da Terra e Variações da Temperatura do Ar no Interior e Áreas Limítrofes ao Parque Nacional da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais
Authors: Jardim Carlos Henrique , Galvani Emerson
Published: September 2018

No estado de Minas Gerais-Brasil a Serra do Espinhaço exerce importante influência na organização climática local e regional e abriga importantes unidades de conservação, destacando-se o Pq. Nacional da Serra do Cipó, próximo à Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Considerando as características de ocupação, marcada por forte alteração do estrato geoecológico, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a influência dos diferentes tipos de uso da terra nas variações de temperatura do ar, comparando o interior e áreas limítrofes do parque. A análise dos dados incluiu o exame dos dados das Normais Climatológicas (1961-1990), séries temporais anuais de estações meteorológicas (INMET) no período entre 1961-2016 e séries horário-diárias obtidas em campo (abril de 2016 até setembro de 2017). Foi utilizada a análise de tendência e correlação nas séries de longo-prazo e recursos de análise microclimatológica (estatística, cartografia etc.) às séries de dados horário-diárias. Em relação aos resultados pode-se destacar dois aspectos principais: (1) indícios de alteração dos componentes do balanço de radiação decorrente das alterações introduzidas no uso da terra em favor de maior disponibilidade de calor sensível no eixo Belo Horizonte – Sete lagoas demonstrado pelos valores de correlação; (2) o papel relativo da vegetação em atenuar as variações de temperatura, condição exibida apenas no interior do ambiente de mata ciliar com predomínio total de estrato arbóreo denso.
Suscetibilidade Morfológica e Geológica aos Escorregamentos no Planalto de Paraitinga-Paraibuna (SP)
Authors: Oliveira Maria Rita Pelegrin de , Carvalho Vieira Bianca , Ross Jurandyr Luciano Sanches
Published: September 2018

O Planalto de Paraitinga – Paraibuna é uma morfoescultura cujo modelado de relevo é de morros altos, alongados, com topos convexos e encostas de alta declividade. Este modelado de relevo está condicionado às estruturas geológicas de dobras, falhas transcorrentes e uma litologia composta por rochas de médio grau metamórfico e rochas ígneas intrusivas sintectônicas. A conjugação destas características morfológicas e litoestruturais podem agir como fatores condicionantes dos movimentos de massa -  processos recorrentes na região. Assim, objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a suscetibilidade aos escorregamentos considerando aspectos geológicos e morfológicos do relevo. Aplicou-se o método do índice de potencial de escorregamento para avaliar o grau de suscetibilidade aos escorregamentos, considerando a relação entre o inventário de ciatrizes, o ângulo de encosta e a litologia. Os resultados parciais mostraram que a classe litológica do metatexito nebulítico foi a mais suscetível à ruptura, com valor de potencial de escorregamento de 222%; e a classe de ângulo de encosta de 30°-58° foi a mais suscetível aos escorregamentos, apresentando um valor de potencial de escorregamento de 250%. Notou-se também que os escorregamentos se concentraram ao longo de eixos de dobra e de falhas transcorrentes, indicando um possível controle estrutural. Para ser confirmado, necessita-se dados sobre a relação entre a geometria dos planos de descontinuidades (foliação, xistosidade e/ou bandamento), geometria das encostas e os escorregamentos.
Diagnóstico da Precipitação e EVI em Dois Eventos de Seca no Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Correia Filho Washington Luiz Félix , Santos Tatiana Vanessa dos , Diogo Anacleto Marito , Amorim Ricardo Ferrreira Carlos de
Published: September 2018

A resposta da vegetação é um dos indicadores utilizados na avaliação da dinâmica da Seca no Nordeste do Brasil (NEB), muito recorrente nos últimos vinte anos. Neste trabalho, o objetivo geral foi diagnosticar a precipitação e Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) em dois eventos de seca no NEB. Foram utilizados dados de acumulados mensais de precipitação e de EVI mensal, durante os anos de 2011-2012 (La Niña) e 2015-2016 (El Niño), para avaliar estes eventos de seca. No La Niña de 2011-2012, o padrão anômalo no Oceano Atlântico Tropical favoreceu a irregularidade e nos baixos índices de precipitação sobre o NEB. Este efeito é constatado principalmente no Semiárido, com valores de precipitação inferiores a 25 mm.mês-1. O EVI apontou diminuição na perda de biomassa entre os meses de março a setembro nessa região, com valores inferiores a 0,3, provocados pela estiagem. Durante o El Niño de 2015-2016, houve um acréscimo sutil na precipitação em relação ao La Niña de 2011-2012, principalmente no mês de janeiro. Em janeiro, os sistemas frontais desprendidos da Zona de Convergência do Atlântico Sul, e também, de uma tempestade tropical contribuíram para precipitação expressiva na região, em especial no Semiárido, que registrou valores superiores a 350mm. Esta precipitação contribuiu para o aumento do teor vegetativo nesse período, com valores de EVI entre 0,2 a 0,5, que minimizou os efeitos da seca. Concluiu-se que os dois eventos apresentaram forte irregularidade na precipitação que resultou na expansão e agravamento das estiagens, principalmente no Semiárido.
String-pulling in African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus): performance in discrimination tasks
Authors: Chaves Molina Adriano Bruno , Masuet Cullell Teresa , Colell Mimó Montserrat
Published: September 2018

Many studies have used the string-pulling paradigm in order to assess causal understanding of the physical domain in a great variety of species of birds, primates and other mammals. Another area of interest is how subjects manage to solve these tasks, i.e., through trial-error learning, relying on perceptual cues, or through some kind of insight. In our study, we tested three juvenile female African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) on some string discrimination tasks. Our individuals seemed to base their choices on associations with perceptual cues rather than in a functional understanding of the tasks. They relied on trial-error learning instead of insight, and their performances were influenced by operant conditioning. However, their behaviour was goal-directed, as they frequently changed their first choice once they realized that they had chosen the wrong string.
Checklist of oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) of the Russian Far East and Northeast of China
Authors: RYABININ NIKOLAY A. , LIU DONG , GAO MEIXIANG , WU DONG-HUI
Published: September 2018

The present paper reviews the taxonomic studies of the mite suborder Oribatida in the Russian Far East South and Chinese North-East Territories. At present, 746 species of oribatid mites are registered in China, including 175 species in the soils of Northeast China. In the Russian Far East, there were 605 species of oribatids, including 344 species in the south of the Far East. The fauna of the oribatid mites of the Northeast of China and the south of the Russian Far East has 446 species and subspecies representing 190 genera and 80 families. 72 species of oribatid are common for both territories. The modern fauna of the oribatid mites of the Northeast of China and the south of the Far East was formed as a result of prolonged interaction between the boreal and palaearchaearctic faunas. The oribatid fauna of this region is distinguished by the presence of a large number of endemics, some of which are relics of the late Tertiary time and which can be considered as autochthonous. The checklist includes data from more than 100 locations of this enormous region. In addition, a short climatic and historical review of oribatid mites study is presented.
Redescription of Cerceis biforamina Javed & Yousuf, 1996 from the Gulf of Oman (Crustacea: Isopoda: Sphaeromatidae) with remarks on the status of Cymodoce insolita Yousuf, 2011
Authors: KHALAJI-PIRBALOUTY VALIALLAH
Published: September 2018

Cerceis biforamina Javed & Yousuf, 1996 is redescribed and illustrated based on material from the Iranian coasts of the Gulf of Oman. This species is distinguished by the smooth pereonites 1–6, pereonite 7 with a row of tubercles and short setae; pleon dorsal surface with multiple prominent tubercles medially; pleotelson with two prominent semilunar tuberculate ridges and clearly trilobed posterior margin. Cerceis insolita Yousuf, 2011 is transferred to genus Cymodoce and synonymised with Cymodoce manorii (Nooruddin, 1965). An extended diagnosis is provided for the genus Cerceis.
A new species of Monoblastus Hartig, 1837 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tryphoninae) from South Korea
Authors: KASPARYAN DMITRI R. , CHOI JIN-KYUNG , KANG GYU-WON , LEE JONG-WOOK
Published: September 2018

A new ichneumonid species, Monoblastus koreensis sp. nov. is described from South Korea. New data on the taxonomy and distribution of M. clauseni (Uchida), M. erythrurus Townes et al. and M. nigriventus Lee & Cha are given. The taxonomic position of M. nigriventus and its similarity to M. ermolenkoi Kasparyan from Russian Kuril Islands is discussed. All these species are keyed and illustrated. Erromenus alpinator Aubert sensu Lee & Cha (= Monoblastus koreensis sp. nov.) is excluded from the fauna of South Korea.
Key for identification of the ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of European Russia and the Russian Caucasus (native and alien species)
Authors: BIEŃKOWSKI A.O.
Published: September 2018

Although ladybirds of European Russia and the Caucasus have been the subject of numerous ecological and faunistic investigations, there is an evident lack of appropriate identification keys. New, original keys to subfamilies, tribes, genera, and species of ladybirds (Coccinellidae) of European Russia and the Russian Caucasus are presented here. The keys include all native species recorded in the region and all introduced alien species. Some species from adjacent regions are added. In total, 113 species are treated and illustrated with line drawings. Photographs of rare and endemic species are provided. Information on the distribution of species within the region under consideration is provided. Chilocorus kuwanae Silvestri, 1909 is recognized as a subjective junior synonym (syn. nov.) of Ch. renipustulatus (Scriba, 1791).
Black corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the deep (916 m–2542 m) Coral Sea, north-eastern Australia
Authors: HOROWITZ JEREMY , OPRESKO DENNIS M. , BRIDGE TOM C.L.
Published: September 2018

Black corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) occur in all the world’s oceans in a wide range of habitats from shallow-water coral reefs to the deep-sea. However, the taxonomy of black corals is poorly known compared to many other anthozoan groups. This knowledge gap is particularly acute for the deep-sea, where collecting specimens is logistically difficult and costly. Here, we identify 21 black coral specimens collected from the western Coral Sea adjacent to north-east Australia. The specimens represent five nominal species from five genera and two families. All species represent new records for the region, including the first record for the family Cladopathidae Brook, 1889. We describe the morphology of these specimens, note geographic and bathymetric range expansions, and provide evidence to support the hypothesis that Bathypathes seculata Opresko, 2005 is the juvenile stage of Bathypathes patula Brook, 1889, thus warranting synonymization. Our findings demonstrate that deep-sea antipatharians in this region are much more diverse than previously reported. Furthermore, this study highlights the importance of museum collections in terms of increasing our understanding of taxonomy and patterns of biodiversity, particularly for poorly-studied habitats such as the deep-sea.
Three new species of the genus Lasianobia Hampson, 1905 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) from China, with a revised checklist for the genus
Authors: SALDAITIS AIDAS , VOLYNKIN ANTON V. , TRUUVERK ANDRO
Published: September 2018

Three new species of Lasianobia Hampson, 1905 are described from China: Lasianobia dvoraki Saldaitis, Volynkin & Truuverk, sp. nov. (W Sichuan), Lasianobia labranga Saldaitis, Volynkin & Truuverk, sp. nov. (SW Gansu) and Lasianobia qinghana Saldaitis, Volynkin & Truuverk, sp. nov. (Qinghai). Adults and male genitalia of these new species and their relatives are illustrated, and a generic check list presented.
Neck Muscle Mass Index as a Predictor of Post-Laryngectomy Wound Complications
Authors: Bozkurt Gülpembe , Elhassan Hassan Ahmed , Mahmutoğlu Abdullah Soydan , Çelebi İrfan , Mcleod Robert W. J. , Soytaş Pınar , Erol Zeynep Nur , Sözen Esra
Published: September 2018

Objective:

We investigated the relationship between paravertebral muscle cross-sectional area (PVM CSA) at the third vertebra (C3) level using computerized tomography (CT) neck images and its relationship with complications after total laryngectomy.

Design:

Retrospective analysis of 60 advanced laryngeal cancer patients who underwent total laryngectomy was performed. The cross-sectional areas of paravertebral neck muscles using neck CT at C3 level images obtained preoperatively were analyzed.

Results:

A significant difference in PVM CSA between complication and no complication groups, F(1, 53 = 4.319, P = .043), was identified by ANCOVA. There were no significant differences in between-subject effects: T-stage ( F = 1.652, P = .204), body mass index ( F = 0.889, P = .35), albumin ( F = .359, P = .552), age ( F = 1.623 P = .208), and smoking ( F = 4.319, P = .41).

Conclusion:

The PVM CSA measured at C3 level on pretreatment CT may help identify patients at higher risk of postoperative wound complications after total laryngectomy and who may particularly benefit from preoperative optimization of nutritional status.
‘Talent-spotting’ or ‘social magic’? Inequality, cultural sorting and constructions of the ideal graduate in elite professions
Authors: Ingram Nicola , Allen Kim
Published: September 2018

Graduate outcomes – including rates of employment and earnings – are marked by persistent inequalities related to social class, as well as gender, ethnicity and institution. Despite national policy agendas related to social mobility and ‘fair access to the professions’, high-status occupations are disproportionately composed of those from socially privileged backgrounds, and evidence suggests that in recent decades many professions have become less socially representative. This article makes an original contribution to sociological studies of inequalities in graduate transitions and elite reproduction through a distinct focus on the ‘pre-hiring’ practices of graduate employers. It does this through a critical analysis of the graduate recruitment material of two popular graduate employers. It shows how, despite espousing commitments to diversity and inclusion, constructions of the ‘ideal’ graduate privilege individuals who can mobilise and embody certain valued capitals. Using Bourdieusian concepts of ‘social magic’ and ‘institutional habitus’, the article argues that more attention must be paid to how graduate employers’ practices constitute tacit processes of social exclusion and thus militate against the achievement of more equitable graduate outcomes and fair access to the ‘top jobs’.
Unpicking contemporary thrift: Getting on and getting by in everyday life
Authors: Holmes Helen
Published: September 2018

This article explores contemporary thrift. To date scholarly attempts to define thrift are always focused on consumption, centring upon household finances and how thrift revolves around the peaks and troughs of spending and saving. In this article the author argues that this financial focus ignores the myriad of thrifty practices which occur beyond the point of purchase but which are no less central to thrift. Instead, the author suggests that contemporary thrift occurs within a continuum of motivations which extend far beyond the practice of shopping, and overspill the categories of consumption and production: the extreme points of which are financial necessity, conscience and enjoyment. Three particular empirical moments of household activity – shopping, cooking and repair and making – are used to illustrate how these motivations to be thrifty overlap, compete and interweave. In doing so, the author contends that thrift is about value and how value is perceived, produced and released through different contexts, motivations and activities. This article adds to the growing body of scholarly work on the sociology of everyday life, illustrating how thrift encompasses a broad range of activities which are part of the intricacies and intimacies of getting by and getting on in everyday life.
Livelihood Patterns and Survival Strategies of the Poor in Kolkata
Authors: Chaudhuri Saswati
Published: September 2018

The urban poor living a life of uncertainty and insecurity throughout the year, are compelled to adopt various survival strategies to meet the challenges of their daily existence. In our study, micro-level data gathered through field surveys conducted in Kolkata’s slums was used to develop an understanding of the multi-dimensional nature of poverty and the diversification of these livelihood strategies. It was observed that a major chunk of workers earn their livelihood through physical labour, although income levels differ across and within occupational categories. As households move up the economic ladder, the contribution to the total household income from domestic work and scavenging declines, while that from self-employment rises. The transport sector workers, however, defy such trends. Using probit regression, we examined the determinants of the choice of modes of employment by poor urban workers, and note that more educated workers heading large households and having their fathers engaged in self-employment made them more likely to be involved in forms of self-employment activities.
Educational Inequalities, Class Structure and the State: Evidence from a Study of a Village in Punjab
Authors: Shergill Baldev Singh , Tiwana Satjeet Singh , Sharma Manjit
Published: September 2018

This research project explores the level of education among various economic and social groups by examining the literacy rate, enrollment rate and the attainment of education in Sekha village located in Ludhiana district of Punjab. Wide levels of disparity were seen among groups and classes in accessing education, right from the primary level to the higher level. Differences were evident in the expenditure on education incurred by parents, in the average year of schooling, expected years of schooling and even in the Human Development Index of the area. It has been argued that structural inequalities inherent in a village further perpetuate inequalities in education. More than 70 years after Independence, the village surveyed showed that not only did inequalities remain in a village's class, caste and gender structures but they manifested themselves in education, too. Nation-wide the literacy rate has improved in India, but inequalities spanning generations have remained.
Taking Children’s Advertising Literacy to a Higher Level: A Multilevel Analysis Exploring the Influence of Parents, Peers, and Teachers
Authors: De Pauw Pieter , Cauberghe Verolien , Hudders Liselot
Published: September 2018

Few studies focus on how children’s environment affects their ability to cope with contemporary advertising. This study uses multilevel analysis techniques to explore how parents’, classmates’, and teachers’ characteristics influence primary school children’s dispositional advertising literacy, while acknowledging these children’s own individual features. To this end, three surveys were conducted, resulting in four data sets linking information obtained from 9- to 12-year-old children ( n = 392), their peer group (children aggregated per class; n = 22), their parents ( n = 191), and their teachers ( n = 22). The results show that children’s cognitive and attitudinal advertising literacy is to a large extent (12%-13%) determined by class-level processes (especially peers). Children’s moral advertising literacy is primarily an individual matter (1%), albeit greatly influenced by their teachers. In general, parents’ impact is mainly expressed through socioeconomic factors.
Perceived CSR and Corporate Reputation: The Mediating Role of Employee Trust
Authors: Yadav Rama Shankar , Dash Sanket Sunand , Chakraborty Shreyashi , Kumar Manoj
Published: September 2018

Executive Summary

This research article focuses on the importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in building corporate reputation of an organization. Scholars have studied CSR as an antecedent of corporate reputation, but the underlying mechanism of this process has been rarely explored. In order to fill this research gap, authors conducted an empirical study on 210 employees working in an automobile organization in India. The conceptual framework based on comprehensive literature review hypothesized that the perceived CSR of an organization may lead to trust development among the employees which in turn may lead to building of corporate reputation of the organization. The model was tested and all the hypotheses were accepted. Hence, it may be inferred that perceived CSR of an organization may develop a sense of trust among employees of an organization and in turn leading to the building of corporate reputation.

The study has several implications for managers and scholars. The findings give a clear understanding that CSR activities of any organization can lead to trust development among employees at the same time they may aid in enhancing the corporate reputation of an organization. Hence, we suggest that in order to gain maximum benefits from CSR, managers should ensure that all the employees are aware of their firm’s CSR activities. Further, managers should adopt CSR activities that have high salience among current or potential employees so that its benefits are positively impacting its stakeholders and the firm. Such CSR activities can include investments in institutions where training is imparted to the organization’s workforce; organizing social welfare activities in areas close to the company’s location. The study also has future research implications for researchers working in the area of CSR. Scholars can explore other mediating variables which may explain the underlying mechanism between CSR and corporate reputation. The study can also be replicated in other sectors in order to enhance the generalizability of the findings.