bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influences Of Knowledge, Social Media On Entrepreneurial Interest In State University Jakarta
Authors: Handayani Estu , Ragasiwi Diah Ayu , Usman Osly
Published: May 2024

Indonesia faces serious challenges as the population growth is not proportional to the available job opportunities, resulting in an increasing unemployment problem. In the context of entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurial knowledge and social media usage are significant factors in shaping entrepreneurial spirit, which is expected to be improved through research to contribute to the country's economic growth. This study examines the relationship between entrepreneurial knowledge, the use of social media Instagram and TikTok, and entrepreneurial interest among students of the Faculty of Economics, State University of Jakarta. Using descriptive verification method and Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis using Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM), the results show that entrepreneurial understanding and activities on social media affect students' interest and decision in entrepreneurship. The decision to engage in business also plays an important role in generating entrepreneurial interest and mediating the relationship between variables in Faculty of Economics students.
Education Problems, Quality of I Evaluating and Enhancing the Quality of Education in Indonesia
Authors: Tarigan Ruth Abigail
Published: May 2024

Education is an important effort in improving the quality of human resources. The purpose of this study is toevaluate the weaknesses in Indonesia's current education system. Education is recognized as a top priority in every country, and the quality of education is an important indicator of a nation's progress. This research adopts adescriptive qualitative approach and uses literature research as its method. The author collected information fromsources considered valid and relevant.
The results of this study show that the quality of education in Indonesia is still low. This is due to a number of educational problems that Indonesia faces, including macro issues such as a complex curriculum, educational inequality, costs, teacher placement and low teacher quality. Key issues also involve monotonous teachingmethods, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, and unsatisfactory student learning outcomes.
In the discussion, some solutions are suggested that are expected to overcome the problems of education in Indonesia and improve the quality of education, so that Indonesia can compete with or even surpass other countries.This paper aims to increase individual awareness in building a better and more advanced Indonesia, as well aspreparing quality human resources.
Exploring Technology Readiness and Acceptance of Small-scale Farmers in Sabah towards the Adoption of Internet of Things Technology
Authors: Mohd Yaakub Nurul Alam , Sumin Viduriati , Ung Ling Ling
Published: May 2024

This study aims to explore and propose a conceptual framework to study the determinants of Internet of Things (IoT) adoption intention of small-scale farmers in Sabah for their farming practices. Report from Twelfth Malaysia Plan presented a tremendous decrease of workforce in agriculture sector over the years. In addition, in this contemporary era marked by technological advancements, all industry players in the agriculture sector are compelled to integrate new technologies relevant to agrobusiness. Hence, there is an urgent need of intervention to solve this issue as it will affect food production in Malaysia in the near future. The objective of this study is to formulate a conceptual framework based on semi-structured literature reviews on agricultural technology, incorporating theoretical frameworks from case studies, government reports and statistics. The paper discusses on which framework and its mode of integration that could be adopted in order to study the intention of IoT adoption among small scale farmers in Sabah. This initial conceptual framework provides insights into the needs and concerns of small-scale farmers regarding IoT adoption, serving as a guide for IoT service providers and policymakers in shaping initiatives for agricultural transformation in Sabah.
A Descriptive Study Of Demographic Factors And Takaful Subscription In Kota Kinabalu Sabah Based On The Theory Of Planned Behaviour
Authors: Mohd Damit Mohd Rozie , Mohammed Rozita @ Uji Binti
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the multifaceted relationship between demographic attributes and the preferences for Takaful Protection within the diverse workforce of Kota Kinabalu City. Employing the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) as its foundational framework, the research explores the collective impact of gender, age, religious affiliation, marital status, education, occupation, income levels, and work experience on individuals' decisions regarding Takaful Subscription. Using a cross-sectional research design and structured questionnaires administered to 102 respondents, the study reveals compelling insights. It demonstrates that age, marital status, education level, occupation background, income range, and work experience significantly influence Takaful choices, whereas gender and religious affiliation have minimal impact. Additionally, the study identifies the most preferred Takaful products and highlights barriers to participation, shedding light on a generally low Takaful Subscription within the surveyed population. The research applies descriptive statistical analysis, cross-tabulations, and chi-square tests as analytical techniques to unravel the intricate interplay of these demographic factors within the TPB framework, providing nuanced insights into the dynamics of Takaful decision-making among a diverse workforce. The findings of this study underscore the complex interplay of demographic factors in shaping Takaful participation within a diverse workforce in Kota Kinabalu City. While gender appears to have minimal influence, age, marital status, educational background, occupation background, income range, and work experience are the key determinants of insurance choices.
The Components of Intellectual Capital and Firm Performance: An Investigation of Indonesian Banking Companies
Authors: Manurung Agustina Dian Putri , Isfenti Sadalia  , Syahyunan
Published: May 2024

This paper investigates whether intellectual capital components (capital employed, human capital, structural capital) have meaningful information on firm performance. 39 listed Indonesian banking companies make up the full sample, which was chosen between 2017 and 2021 based on a number of factors. This study is quantitative, employing panel data regression as the research model and E-Views as the testing tool. Additionally, we discovered a strong detrimental impact of VACA on firm performance as well as a big favorable impact of VAHU. However, we were unable to demonstrate the impact of STVA on firm performance in our study. Based on our research, we advise managers to enhance their management of the company's financial resources and its people resources, both of which will benefit the business in the long run.
The Analyzing F&B Instagram Digital Marketing in State University Jakarta: A Student Perspective
Authors: Angelica Prakoso Brinda , Rosada Maisya , Usman Osly
Published: May 2024

In digital marketing on Instagram, there are several forms, including Instagram Ads Marketing, KOL Marketing, and UGC Marketing. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of the effectiveness of each variable on the interest and purchasing decisions of F&B consumers through the social media platform Instagram. This research employs a quantitative descriptive approach using the Structural Equation Model with the Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM) method. The results of this study demonstrate that Instagram Ads and KOL Marketing significantly influence Purchasing Decisions for F&B Products, whereas UGC Marketing does not significantly affect Purchasing Decisions for F&B Products. Instagram Ads, KOL, and UGC Marketing have a significant influence on Purchasing Intentions for F&B Products. Purchasing Intentions significantly influence Purchasing Decisions for F&B Products. Purchasing Intentions can mediate the significant impact of Instagram Ads Marketing on Purchasing Decisions. Purchasing Intentions can mediate the significant impact of Key Opinion Leader Marketing on Purchasing Decisions. Purchasing Intentions can mediate the significant impact of User Generated Content Marketing on Purchasing Decisions. This research provides various implications that are valuable for companies, marketers, and researchers in gaining a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of advertising on social media platforms, especially Instagram.
The Role of Entrepreneurial Education towards Entrepreneurial Intention : A Theoretical Approach
Authors: Indah Larasati , Suparno
Published: May 2024

This study aims to analyze the extent to which entrepreneurship education affects entrepreneurial intention. The research was conducted using a qualitative method, with a theoretical rivew approach. This research elaborates on previous research as a reference. The results showed that through entrepreneurship education is proven to affect entrepreneurial intention, through entrepreneurship education a person will be able to develop the knowledge, skills and attitudes needed in entrepreneurship.
Creativity The Relationship Between Student Creativity And Accounting Learning Outcomes Of Accounting Department Students Of Smk Negeri 21 Jakarta
Authors: Shofiany Shofiany
Published: May 2024

Law Number 20 of 2003 regulating the National Education System serves as the basis for regulations governing education in Indonesia. The curriculum implemented in Indonesia is always being updated and improved according to community needs. At school children are trained to only look for one answer to a problem. Answers must be single and uniform, according to what the teacher wants.
The creativity achieved by students after participating in accounting learning activities is generally used as a parameter for success in learning accounting itself. Until now, the condition of accounting teaching is not as expected, criticism and highlights are still being expressed Creativity in good accounting teaching and learning means that teachers must be able to create an atmosphere that makes students enthusiastic about the problem. Teachers need to help activate students to think, because basically teachers are facilitators who encourage students to learn independently as best as possible. In this case, it also plays a role as a consultant in helping students plan activities and teachers should be able to accept differences between students in their ability to think of new ideas and in the speed of completing assignments given by their teacher
Determinants of User Trust in Financial Technology Usage in Indonesia
Authors: Zahra Hafizha Isaura  , Chikita Putri Prameswari  , Osly Usman
Published: May 2024

The objective of this research is to examine the variables that influence the level of user confidence when utilizing Financial Technology (Fintech) in Indonesia. There are six hypotheses tested, each of which links the variables of perceived security, knowledge, ease of use, and user experience with user trust in Fintech. Data was collected from respondents who have used Fintech in Indonesia and analyzed using SmartPLS 4 software. The outcome of the research indicated that security perception significantly and positively influences ease of use, while knowledge has a positive and significant impact on user experience, and user experience positively and significantly affects Trust. Nonetheless, the study found no significant influence of security perception and knowledge on trust. The implication of these results suggests that Fintech companies operating in Indonesia should consider these factors to promote user trust in their services.
Orthopaedic Surgery Attrition Before Board Certification: A National-Cohort Study of US MD Graduates in Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Programs
Authors: Gerull Katherine M. , Pérez Maria , Cipriano Cara A. , Jeffe Donna B.
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Little is known about attrition before American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) board certification for orthopaedic residents training in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-accredited orthopaedics programs. This national-cohort study examined orthopaedic surgery attrition, associated risk factors, and specialties pursued by residents who left orthopaedics.

Methods:

From August 2022 through July 2023, we analyzed deidentified, individual-level data from the Association of American Medical Colleges for 129,860 US MD-granting medical-school matriculants in academic years 1993 to 1994 through 2000 to 2001. Graduates with records of training ≥1 year in orthopaedic surgery during GME and of board certification as of May 2020 were included. Retention was defined as being ABOS-certified; attrition was defined as being certified by another specialty board and not ABOS. We identified variables independently associated with attrition from orthopaedics using multivariable logistic regression analysis and reported adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results:

Of 4,319 US medical-school graduates from 1997 to 2009 with ≥1 year of orthopaedic surgery GME, 4,085 (94.6%) obtained ABOS board certification (retention) and 234 did not (attrition). Women (OR 2.8, 95% CI 2.0-3.9), first-generation college graduates (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.2), Asians (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4-2.7), and residents who placed greater importance on innovation/research in choosing medicine as a career (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.7) and completed ≥1 year of research during GME (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.7-3.5) were more likely to leave orthopaedics. Overall, 121 trainees who left orthopaedics selected surgical specialties for board certification, most commonly plastic surgery (n = 66) and general surgery (n = 45).

Conclusions:

The increased risk of attrition among women, Asians, first-generation college graduates, and trainees endorsing higher importance of innovation/research in choosing medicine and participating in research during GME raises concerns about the potential loss of underrepresented groups among orthopaedic surgeons and surgeon-scientists. Efforts to mitigate attrition among residents in high-risk groups are warranted.
Postoperative Outcomes of Total Humerus Replacement for Oncologic Reconstruction of the Upper Limb
Authors: Gonzalez Marcos R. , Werenski Joseph O. , Lozano-Calderon Santiago A.
Published: May 2024

Background:

Total humerus replacement (THR) is a reconstruction procedure performed after resection of massive humeral tumors. However, there is limited literature on the rates of failure and functional outcomes of this implant. Our study aimed to determine the main failure modes, implant survival, and postoperative functional outcomes of THR.

Methods:

A comprehensive search of the PubMed and Embase databases was conducted. We registered our study on PROSPERO (448684) and used the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist for quality assessment. The Henderson classification was used to assess endoprosthesis failure and the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score for functional outcomes. Weighted means and standard deviations were calculated.

Results:

Ten studies comprising 171 patients undergoing THR were finally included. The overall failure rate was 32.2%. Tumor progression (12.6%) and prosthetic infections (9.4%) were the most common failure modes, followed by soft-tissue failures (5.9%), aseptic loosening (3.5%), and structural failure (1.8%). Two-year, 5-year, and 10-year implant survival rates for the entire cohort were 86%, 81%, and 69.3%. Ten-year implant survival for primary THRs was 78.3%, compared with 38.6% for revision THRs (p = 0.049). The mean MSTS score at the last follow-up was 77%. Patients whose implants did not fail had a higher MSTS score (79.3%) than those with failed implants (71.4%) (p = 0.02).

Conclusion:

One-third of THR will fail, mostly due to tumor progression and prosthetic infection. Overall functional scores were acceptable, with MSTS scores displaying great hand and elbow function but limited shoulder function.

Level of Evidence:

Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Consumer-Driven Product Innovation Revolutionizes Indonesia's Snack Industry
Authors: Mubarok Fajar Ibnu , Jakaria Ribangun Bamban
Published: May 2024

The research on consumer preferences for Sam Agung's tempe mendoan and spicy stuffed tofu products reveals significant insights into the desired product attributes. The conjoint analysis indicates that consumers prefer tempe mendoan with a slightly salty savory taste, a non-pungent aroma, a large shape, a soft texture, a half-cooked maturity level, paper box packaging, and a small logo. For spicy stuffed tofu, the preferred attributes include a sweet spicy taste, a non-pungent aroma, a round shape, a crispy texture, a mature maturity level, paper box packaging, and a small logo. These findings suggest that Sam Agung should consider these attributes for product improvement to align with consumer preferences, potentially enhancing customer satisfaction and sales. The importance values highlight critical attributes like the logo, shape, and maturity level for tempe mendoan, and taste, logo, and maturity level for spicy stuffed tofu. Future research could expand the sample size and explore additional product attributes or different market segments to further refine these insights and support broader applicability.
Highlight:

Consumer Preferences: Identified key attributes for tempe mendoan and spicy stuffed tofu.
Conjoint Analysis: Used to determine and prioritize consumer preferences.
Product Improvement: Suggested enhancements to better meet consumer demands.

Keywoard: Consumer Preferences, Conjoint Analysis, Tempe Mendoan, Spicy Stuffed Tofu, Product Improvement
Fusing SVR with PSO Improves E-commerce Sales Prediction with 8.98% MAPE
Authors: Angela Fitrah Cornellya , Sukmono Tedjo
Published: May 2024

This study explores the integration of Support Vector Regression (SVR) with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to forecast clothing product sales at Nara Gallery Collection Boutique, addressing the challenge of achieving high forecast accuracy in e-commerce. Through literature review, direct observation, and interviews with a textile SME owner, SVR parameters are optimized using PSO. Results indicate a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) value of 8.98% with optimized parameters (C = 34.3642, ε = 0.0110, σ = 0.3677, cLR = 0.1062, λ = 0.0117), enhancing decision-making in inventory management and strategic planning for e-commerce businesses. This research highlights the potential of integrating SVR with PSO for accurate sales forecasting and suggests avenues for further exploration in alternative forecasting methods and optimization techniques.
Highlight:

Enhanced Forecasting Accuracy: SVR and PSO integration improves e-commerce sales predictions.
Parameter Optimization: PSO optimizes SVR parameters, reducing Mean Absolute Percentage Error.
Strategic Inventory Management: Accurate forecasts aid in effective e-commerce inventory control.

Keywoard: Support Vector Regression, Particle Swarm Optimization, Sales Forecasting, E-commerce, Inventory Management
Railroad infrastructure management : a novel tool for automatic interpretation of GPR imaging to minimize human intervention in railroad inspection
Authors: Alzarrad Ammar , Wise Caleb , Chattopadhyay Arka , Chowdhury Sudipta , Cisko Abby , Beasley Jeremy
Published: May 2024

Regular monitoring and inspection of military railroad tracks are necessary to ensure the safe transportation of military freight. Manual railroad inspection has drawbacks and limitations that can impact accuracy and efficiency. This study introduces a novel tool designed to automate Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) imaging interpretation for railroad ballast condition assessment, aiming to reduce human intervention in inspections. The tool uses advanced signal processing techniques, such as the Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and Wavelet Transform (WT), to quantify ballast fouling levels accurately, enhancing maintenance and safety protocols for railroad tracks. Validation through comprehensive testing, including two case studies, demonstrates the tool’s superior efficacy over traditional manual inspection methods. This research represents a pivotal step towards more efficient and reliable infrastructure management, ensuring critical railroad systems’ safety and operational integrity.
Exploring the Influence of Seismic Source and Improvement Methods on Tunnel Seismic Prediction
Authors: Lu Xinglin , Wang Wei , Yang Chao , Hu Xuquan , Liao Xian , Fu Zhihong
Published: May 2024

Tunnel seismic advanced prediction method is essential for detecting abnormal bodies ahead of the tunnel face and minimizing risks during tunnel construction. Selecting the seismic source plays a crucial role in influencing the precision and effectiveness of data acquisition. At present, tunnel seismic data is usually collected using explosive and sledgehammer sources. Nevertheless, the various sources are located in different positions within the tunnel excavation zone, resulting in distinct characteristics observed on the surface and reflected waves in the acquired tunnel seismic data. The explosive source has minimal surface wave interference, but it is expensive. However, the sledgehammer source is economical yet plagued by inadequate energy and substantial surface wave disruption. Regrettably, there is a lack of research on seismic sources in tunnels, which impairs the precise interpretation of forecasting conclusions from these sources. This paper seeks to investigate how various sources impact tunnel seismic prediction and suggests a new method that integrates data acquisition and processing from these sources. The explosive source is used once, while the sledgehammer source is used 24 times. Cross-correlation calculations are conducted to enhance the resolution of sledgehammer source data, reducing surface wave interference, based on seismic data obtained from the explosive source. Extensive numerical simulations and tunnel experiments support the validity of this method, highlighting its potential to lower data acquisition expenses and enhance tunnel seismic prediction accuracy.
Design of agricultural product traceability system based on blockchain and RFID
Authors: Miao Fengjuan , Tian PengBo , Tao Bairui , Peng Zhang
Published: May 2024

The system uses blockchain technology, centralized database, and RFID tags to build a secure agricultural product traceability system, which can retain the detailed information of agricultural product traceability and ensure that the summary information of agricultural products on the chain cannot be modified; The reader device uses the SM3 algorithm to summarize the original agricultural product traceability data and upload it to the central database, add the timestamp of the summary data to the chain storage, and write the summary data into the RFID tag User area. Realize the linkage of traceability data of agricultural products to ensure the accuracy of data. The overall architecture of the system mainly includes RFID readers, RFID tags, blockchain platforms, and centralized storage platforms. This system optimizes the SM3 algorithm to improve the execution efficiency, the execution time of 192 byte message is 210 µs, and the experimental results show that the algorithm efficiency is increased by about 30%, which can meet the requirements of agricultural product traceability data using SM3 to complete the summary.
Spatial analysis of aquifer vulnerability using DRASTIC, SI, GODS and SINTACS models, (Study area: Mashhad Plain aquifer - Northeast Iran)
Authors: Gholizade Vajihe , Saffari Amir , Ahmadabadi Ali , Karam Amir
Published: May 2024

The vulnerability of the Mashhad aquifer has been analyzed by spatial analysis approach using DRASTIC, SI, GODS and SINTACS models. The Mashhad aquifer in northeast Iran is now considered a critical area due to its special circumstances, the presence of industrial and agricultural activities, and large settlements. This study aims to evaluate the vulnerability zones of the Mashhad aquifer using four models DRASTIC, SI, GODS and SINTACS. The parameters of the models are explained and measured by GIS capabilities. After weighting, ranking, and integrating the layers in the ArcGIS software, we have produced vulnerability maps of the aquifer. The results have indicated that in the DRASTIC model, the study area is categorized into five vulnerability zones very low (5.81%), low (26.03%), moderate (44.45%), high (22.57%), and very high (1.13%). In the SI model, the study area is categorized into five vulnerability zones very low (0.40%), low (24.63%), moderate (23.98%), high (18.71%), and very high vulnerability (32.25%). In the GODS model, it is categorized into five vulnerability zones very low (0.93%), low (31.11%), moderate (11.45%), high (1.56%), and very high (54.95%). In the SINTACS model, the area is also categorized into the vulnerability five zones very low (0.44%), low (25.57%), moderate (28.58%), high (2.79%), and very high (42.61%). For validating the results, the vulnerability maps have been compared with the TDS quality index. The results showed that all four models have high accuracy in categorizing the vulnerability of the Mashhad aquifer. The comparison among the results of the models has indicated that the vulnerability of the aquifer generally increases from southeast to northwest and then decreases from the central region towards the northwestern areas.
Therapeutic effect of small-dose remifentanil infusion on severe emergence agitation after general anesthesia for major abdominal surgery in adults: Study protocol for a randomized and controlled trial (RF-TEA Trial)
Authors: Wang Li-Qing , Wu Pin , Yang Hui-Qi , Zhu Ye-Ke , Wu Jun-Chao , Yao Yong-Xing
Published: May 2024

Background
Emergence agitation (EA) after general anesthesia is one of the most common complications in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). However, there are still no currently established guidelines for the treatment of EA in adults. Previous studies have shown that continuous infusion of remifentanil during recovery has a preventive effect on the occurrence of EA. One report showed that remifentanil can reduce the recurrence rate of moderate EA, but no studies have evaluated the therapeutic effects of remifentanil on severe EA and circulating cytokine levels. This study aims to observe the therapeutic effect of small-dose remifentanil infusion on severe EA and circulating cytokine levels in adult patients who underwent major abdominal surgery.
Methods
In this randomized controlled clinical study, we will enroll a total of 80 adult patients aged 18–75 years who underwent hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery and had American Society of Anesthesiologists classification I-III severe EA in the PACU. Severe EA was defined as a score of ≥ 6 using the Riker Sedation-Agitation Scale. Patients will be randomized at a 1:1 ratio into two groups, receiving either a bolus of 1 µg/kg remifentanil injection followed by a 0.1 µg/kg·min infusion in the remifentanil group or the same volume of normal saline in the control group. The primary objective is to observe the therapeutic effect of remifentanil on severe EA in adults after general anesthesia in the PACU. Circulating cytokine concentrations will be determined during the emergence period.
Discussion
There is no currently established method for the treatment of EA. Previous studies have focused on the preventative effect of remifentanil on EA. There are no studies on the therapeutic effect of remifentanil on severe EA. To our knowledge, this will be the first randomized and controlled trial conducted to observe the therapeutic effect of small-dose remifentanil infusion on severe EA after general anesthesia for major abdominal surgery in adult patients and on circulating cytokine concentrations during the emergence period.
Trial registration:
ChiCTR2300072522. Registered on June 15, 2023
Analysis of bolt bonding surfaces by the finite element method based on the equivalent Iwan model
Authors: Sun Litai , Li Ling
Published: May 2024

Aiming at the force-displacement relationship and its energy dissipation of the bolted bonding surface under the action of small-amplitude tangential displacement, a finite element model with the Iwan model is established and used to investigate the stiffness and energy dissipation phenomena of the bolted bonding surface. First, the force-displacement relationship of the Iwan model is converted into stress-strain relationship through the hybrid hardened intrinsic model, and the subroutine based on UMAT and UHARD realizes the elastic-plastic change of the Iwan model during the contact of the bonding surface in the finite-element model of the stress-strain representation; then, the three-dimensional modeling and the joint simulation of the subroutine are carried out by using the ABAQUS finite-element software; finally, through the experimental data, the validity is verified, and the effects of multiple factors on the bolt bonding surface are analyzed. Finally, the validity is verified by experimental data to analyze the influence of multiple factors on the force-displacement relationship of the bolt bonding surface, and the polynomial function of the loading and unloading curves is established by using the interpolation fitting method to explore the energy dissipation phenomenon of the bolt bonding surface. The results show that the finite element method can accurately reflect the hysteresis and energy dissipation phenomenon of the force-displacement relationship of the bonding surface, and has the ability to investigate the relevant influencing factors. Through this study, it provides a basis for the study of the finite element method of the bolt bonding surface.
The relationship between Alexithymia and aggressive behavior: the mediating role of perceived stress
Authors: Wei Changjiao , Fan Xianglin , Xu Yan
Published: May 2024

Individuals with alexithymia, due to the fragmentation of cognitive and emotional components in their behavioral sequences, tend to interpret cues in a hostile manner and exhibit maladaptive behaviors such as aggression. The disconnect between subjective stress evaluation and autonomic response may exacerbate these externalized behavioral problems. However, this perspective has not been sufficiently validated in the college student population. The current study measured 754 college students in northern China using validated scales for alexithymia, aggressive behavior, and perceived stress. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between alexithymia and perceived stress, aggressive behavior(t = 0.602,t = 0.410,P < 0.001), the direct predictive effect of alexithymia on aggressive behavior was significant (B = 0.574, t = 12.191, P < 0.001).This finding supports the notion that alexithymia can influence an individual's predisposition towards aggressive behavior. Furthermore, the study explored the mediating role of perceived stress in this relationship. Perceived stress, the predictive effect of alexithymia on aggressive behavior remained significant (B = 0.363,t = 6.284, P < 0.001) after the introduction of the mediating variable. The indirect effect, mediated by perceived stress, is 0.145, accounting for 36.62% of the total effect. The findings provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between alexithymia, aggressive behavior, and perceived stress in college students, which can guide future research and interventions aimed at reducing aggressive behavior in this population.
Impacts of biochar-based amendment on soil cadmium immobilization, rice grain cadmium accumulation and yield
Authors: Han Junnan , Wu Donghai , Yang John , Li Zhengguo
Published: May 2024

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in soil is of severe health and environmental concern because of its threat to human health, food safety, and ecosystem sustainability. The in situ stabilization of Cd has been recognized as a potentially economical technique for the rehabilitation of soil polluted with Cd. Biochar has recently received much attention as an eco-friendly and recyclable soil amendment, which is more beneficial for plant growth, soil health, and restoration of contaminated soil. An experiment was performed in the field to study the efficiency of three different types of biochar: maize straw biochar, bamboo biochar, and coconut shell activated carbon in combination with rape organic fertilizer (ROF), calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (CMPF), and fulvic acid (MFA), respectively, on soil Cd immobilization, Cd uptake by rice, and rice yield. The experiment indicated that the biochar-based amendments reduced soil Cd bioavailability and rice Cd content by 9.58%-27.06% and 19.30%-71.77%, respectively. The transformation of exchangeable Cd (Ex-Cd) to carbonate bound Cd (Ca-Cd), Fe-Mn oxide bond (Ox-Cd), and residual (Re-Cd) in soil accounted for the mitigation of Cd absorption and enrichment by rice. In addition, the biochar-based amendments altered soil physicochemical properties and promoted soil health. Biochar-based amendments enhanced Fe and Mn plaques by 47.31%-160.34% and 25.72%-73.09%, respectively. The correlation analysis revealed that leaf Cd and Fe/Mn plaques primarily controlled Cd uptake by rice, and soil pH, Eh, CEC, SOC, Fe/Mn plaques, and TP influenced Cd bioavailability in soil. This field study demonstrated that maize straw and bamboo biochar-based amendments had a higher benefit and were potentially applicable to ameliorating metal-contaminated agricultural soil.
Men with HIV Have Increased Alveolar Bone Loss
Authors: Skelton Michelle , Callahan Cameron , Levit Michael , Finn Taylor , Kister Karolina , Matsumura Satoko , Cantos Anyelina , Shah Jayesh , Wadhwa Sunil , Yin Michael
Published: May 2024

Background: Periodontal health in men with HIV remains understudied, despite suggestions of associations between HIV infection and gingival pocketing, periodontal attachment loss, and gingival inflammation. As antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved the quality of life for people living with HIV (PLWH), aging-related risk factors and comorbidities, including periodontitis, have emerged. This study aims to assess alveolar bone height, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) cytokines, and periodontal disease activity in men with and without HIV.
Methods: Ninety-three men (50 HIV+, 43 HIV-) aged 35-70 years were recruited from Columbia University Irving Medical Center clinics. Periodontal examination, GCF collection, and intraoral radiographs were conducted.
Results: While no significant differences were observed in bleeding on probing, clinical attachment loss and pocket depths, men with HIV exhibited significantly greater alveolar crestal height on radiographs compared to men without HIV (HIV + 3.41+/-1.35 mm, HIV- 2.64+/-1.01 mm; p = 0.004), reflecting greater alveolar bone loss. GCF IL6 levels showed a trend towards elevation in men with HIV (HIV + 0.349+/-0.407 pg/ml, HIV- 0.220+/-0.228 pg/ml; p = 0.059).
Conclusions: Men with HIV demonstrate increased alveolar bone loss compared to those without HIV, possibly mediated by elevated IL6 levels. These results underscore the importance of comprehensive oral health management in PLWH and highlight the need for further research understanding the mechanisms linking HIV infection, cytokine dysregulation, and periodontal health.
Years of life lost due to COVID-19 and other causes of death in Australia, 2019-2022
Authors: Ibrahim Aaliya F , Li Ammie , Hao Brandon , Schlegel Clement , Hood Greg M , Agnew Michael , Kirk Martyn D , Jordan Kayla , Kelly Paul M , Gould Phillip
Published: May 2024

Background
Years of life lost (YLL) is a measure of fatal burden, quantifying the toll associated with premature death. YLL is an important and useful metric for assessing the mortality impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we calculated the fatal burden associated with COVID-19 and other causes of death in Australia from 2019 to 2022.
Methods
The analysis was conducted using demographic and death data contained within the Person Level Integrated Data Asset. The study population included all deaths which occurred between 2019 to 2022 in Australia that were received and registered by the Australian Bureau of Statistic (ABS) by 31 March 2023. We calculated YLL using the 2019–2021 Australian life tables published by the ABS, which provided more contemporary single-age and gender breakdowns of aspirational life expectancy than standard reference life tables found in the Global Burden of Disease studies.
Results
Between 2019 and 2022, the fatal burden in Australia increased from an age-standardised YLL of 74.14 per 1,000 population in 2019 to 80.88 per 1,000 population in 2022, an increase of 9.1%. However, this increase was not linear, with a slight decrease observed in 2020, followed by a rise to baseline in 2021 and a continued increase in 2022. Throughout the four-year period, the YLL per 1,000 population in males was consistently around 1.5 times that observed for females, though females experienced a higher proportional increase in total fatal burden between 2019 and 2022 (10.1% in females compared to 8.8% in males). Fatal burden from COVID-19 increased considerably between 2020 to 2022. In 2022, based on age-standardised YLL per death, COVID-19 was the third leading cause of fatal burden in Australia, following cerebrovascular diseases and ‘other cardiac conditions’ (cardiac disease that is not coronary artery disease). The only conditions which showed a reduction in fatal burden in 2022 compared to 2019 were influenza and pneumonia and chronic lower respiratory diseases.
Conclusions
Our findings contribute to improving our understanding of the mortality impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia and how these have evolved over time. The results highlight areas of health where COVID-19 has had a disproportionate impact, which can support the implementation of more targeted and nuanced public health measures.
Hydrogen Storage Materials Could Meet Requirements for GW-Scale Seasonal Storage and Green Steel
Authors: Breunig Hanna , Rosner Fabian , Saqline Syed , Papadias Dionissios , Grant Elenya , Brooks Kriston , Autrey Tom , Ahluwalia Rajesh , King Jennifer , Hammond Steven
Published: May 2024

Tightly coupling Gigawatt-scale wind- and solar-sourced H2 with industry depends on the ability to store and deliver otherwise-curtailed H2 during times of shortages. Thousands of tonnes of H2 will require storage in regions where subsurface storage is scarce, which may only be possible using liquid organic H2 carriers. Herein, we evaluate the scale and operation of aboveground systems storing and delivering otherwise-curtailed H2 using TOL/MCH at 50,052 locations in the United States suitable for Gigawatt-scale wind- and solar-powered electrolyzer systems. Modeling results suggest that the levelized cost of storage is highly spatially heterogeneous, with minor impact on the cost of H2 in the Midwest, and potentially significant impact in areas with emerging H2 economies such as Central California and the Southeast. While TOL/MCH may be the cheapest aboveground bulk storage solution evaluated, upfront capital costs, modest energy efficiency, reliance on critical materials, and greenhouse gas emissions from heating remain concerns.
The Use of Apple Smartwatches to Obtain Vital Signs Readings in Dental Surgical Patients
Authors: Alzahrani Shadi , Alghamdi Mohammed , Baabdullah Razan , Bawajeeh Othman , Bayoumi Mohammed , Alghamdi Abdulrahman , Bayoumi Amr , Nadershah Mohammed
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Wearable devices, such as Apple smartwatches, have been widely used for medical and healthcare purposes. Although they provide a wide array of applications, such as heart rate and oxygen saturation determination, only a few studies have demonstrated the reliability and accuracy of these devices. Hence, this study aimed to assess the reliability of the Apple smartwatch series 8 (ASWs8) in determining heart rate and oxygen saturation against conventional monitoring devices (CMD).
Methods: This cross-section study encompassed a cohort of 52 patients from King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. We collected heart rate and oxygen saturation data via the ASWs8 and CMD. Subsequently, the mean measurement of each parameter was compared and evaluated for any significant differences.
Results: The ASWs8 yielded a mean heart rate measurement of 83.04 ± 13.4 BPM, while CMD produced 82.81 ± 13.5 BPM. The mean difference stood at -0.23 ± 0.7 BPM, with limits of agreement ranging from -25 to 25%. No significant difference emerged in the determination of heart rate (Cronbach α= 0.999, p= 0.311). Additionally, the ASWs8 recorded an average oxygen saturation measurement of 97.10 ± 1.6%, compared to CMD’s 98.23 ± 1.0%. This resulted in a mean difference of 0.74% and limits of agreement spanning from -3 to 1%. Once again, the analysis unveiled that no statistically significant difference existed in the obtained oxygen saturation levels (Cronbach α= 0.735, p= 0.094).
Conclusion: In this study, we have uncovered compelling evidence that the ASWs8 stands as a reliable and accurate device. It exhibits strong concordance with the CMD, rendering it suitable for continuous vital signs, particularly for heart rate and oxygen saturation. Furthermore, this device can play a pivotal role in clinical management, facilitating the early detection of abnormal physiological parameters among pre-operative patients, thereby potentially reducing hospital admissions.
Early contraceptive implant removal and associated factors among women attending public family planning clinics, Mbarara City, Southwestern Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Rwebazibwa Joseph , Migisha Richard , Munaru Gideon , Byamukama Onesmus , Abesiga Lenard , Mugyenyi Godfrey R. , Kalyebara Paul Kato , Tibaijuka Leevan , Ngonzi Joseph , Kajabwangu Rodgers , Turanzomwe Stuart , Mohammed Fadumo , Muhumuza Joy , Collins Agaba David , Fajardo Yarine Tornes , Ssalongo Wasswa G. M. , Kayondo Musa , Kanyesigye Hamson
Published: May 2024

Background
Early implant removal not only results in method wastage and strains healthcare resources but also exposes women to the risk of unplanned pregnancies and associated complications if an alternative contraceptive is not promptly adopted. Studies have demonstrated that prevalence and factors associated with contraceptive use vary across different cultures and regions even within Uganda. We determined the prevalence and associated factors of early implant removal, among women attending public family planning clinics in Mbarara City, southwestern Uganda.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study from April to July 2023 at four public family planning clinics in Mbarara City. We consecutively enrolled women and administered a questionnaire to obtain data on demographic, and medical characteristics. We defined early removal as implant discontinuation within a period < 2 years. We excluded women who did not have a written record of the date of insertion of the contraceptive implants. We used modified Poisson regression analysis to determine factors associated with early implant removal.
Results
We enrolled 406 women, with a mean age of 29 ± 6 years. The prevalence of early contraceptive implant removal was 53% (n = 210; 95%, CI: 48%-58%). Factors associated with early implant removal were experiencing side effects (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.20–2.21), inserting an implant to achieve career goals (aPR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.26–2.81) and intending to use the implant for < 24 months (aPR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.11–1.66).
Conclusion
Approximately half of the surveyed women removed their contraceptive implant early. Women who experienced side effects, chose an implant due to career obligations and those whose intended implant use was < 2 years were more likely to have an early contraceptive implant removal compared to their counterparts. We recommend strengthening of pre- and post- insertion counselling to address concerns among those who may experience side-effects. Women who intend to use implants for < 2 years and those who have career obligations should be encouraged to use short-acting methods as an option.
Does the microbial community play a role in the different colour morphs of the breadcrumb sponge Halichondria panicea?
Authors: Alhaddad Sakinah Husain , Caldwell Gary , Clare Anthony
Published: May 2024

Halichondria panicea has two different seasonal colours, green and yellow, which may reflect the effect of temperature on the abundance of green microalgal species. There is, however, no definitive identification of the strain responsible for the colour change. This question was addressed by metagenomic analysis of the 16S and 18S rRNA V4 regions and comparison of chlorophyll fluorescence of the two colour morphs by epifluorescence microscopy. H. panicea samples were collected for analysis in four seasons in 2022 along the Northumberland coast, North East England. The chlorophyll concentration in green sponges was higher than in yellow sponges. Moreover, the bacterial and cyanobacterial abundance, diversity, and predicted bacterial functions were significantly higher in the green morph. The eukaryotic community in green sponges contained an abundance of specific green microalgal genera and higher eukaryotic abundance. Interestingly, yellow sponges had a higher abundance of golden-brown dinoflagellates known as the Dino-Group-I-Clade-I genus. These dinoflagellates exhibit parasitic behaviour in marine organisms. It is suggested, therefore, that the yellow colour is a sign of a diseased H. panicea rather than a seasonal colour morph. A comprehensive analysis of 16S and 18S rRNA sequences from sponge samples and their predicted functions provided a deeper understanding of sponge colour variations.
Satisfaction of Digestive Endoscopy Service Users with the Sedation by Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study
Authors: HIDALGO-CABANILLAS Miriam , LAREDO-AGUILERA José Alberto , COBO-CUENCA Ana Isabel , MOLINA-MADUEÑO Rosa María , SANTACRUZ-SALAS Esmeralda , RODRIGUEZ-MUÑOZ Pedro Manuel , CARMONA-TORRES Juan Manuel
Published: May 2024

Background The satisfaction of patients with sedation by nursing staff is an issue of interest for the quality of health care, influencing the recovery and well-being of patients as well as their confidence in and adherence to treatment.Aim To determine patient satisfaction with sedation via digestive endoscopies by nurses.Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in the Digestive Endoscopy Service at the University Hospital of Toledo, Spain. The sample consisted of 660 adult patients from the digestive endoscopy service who were sedated. The degree of satisfaction with the service was measured.Results Patients who reported satisfaction with the treatment were very satisfied with the sedation provided by the nurses. The most valued item was the attention of the nursing professionals. The least valued items were the waiting time for the appointment and the time spent in the waiting room on the same day. The incidents recorded during the test were minimal (2% of all patients). The sedative of choice was 1% propofol.Conclusions Most patients are satisfied with the sedation administered by nurses via digestive endoscopies, and complications were rare, supporting the efficacy and acceptance of this practice. Clinical practice guidelines and consensus documents in Spain guarantee that nurses have autonomy to administer sedation in digestive endoscopy services, but there is a lack of national regulations to support this technique. The current consensus in Spain is that specific training is necessary for such nurses.