bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PP2A-Tws dephosphorylates Map205, is required for Polo localization to microtubules and promotes cytokinesis in Drosophila
Authors: Guelle Marine , Emond-Fraser Virginie , Archambault Vincent
Published: December 2024

Background

Mitosis and cytokinesis are regulated by reversible phosphorylation events controlled by kinases and phosphatases. Drosophila Polo kinase, like its human ortholog PLK1, plays several roles in this process. Multiple mechanisms contribute to regulate Polo/PLK1 activity, localization and interactions. We previously showed that the microtubule-associated protein Map205 interacts with Polo during interphase and cytokinesis, inhibiting and sequestering Polo on microtubules. During mitosis, phosphorylation of Map205 at a Cyclin-Dependent Kinase site allows Polo to dissociate from Map205, when Polo must fulfill its mitotic functions. How the Polo/Map205 interaction is restored during mitotic exit remained unknown.

Results

Here we show that PP2A-Tws/B55 is required to dephosphorylate Map205, and enables the Map205-dependent localization of Polo to microtubules during cytokinesis. In addition, we show that PP2A-Tws is required for spindle function during cytokinesis, consistent with the essential role of Polo in this process.

Conclusions

These findings complement previous studies to provide an understanding of the full cycle of Polo regulation by Map205, kinases and phosphatases. Our findings have implications for the wider network of cell cycle regulatory circuitry.
Cancer Organoids as reliable disease models to drive clinical development of novel therapies
Authors: Blandino Giovanni , Satchi-Fainaro Ronit , Tinhofer Ingeborg , Tonon Giovanni , Heilshorn Sarah C. , Kwon Yong-Jun , Pestana Ana , Frascolla Carlotta , Pompili Luca , Puce Aurora , Iachettini Sara , Tocci Annalisa , Karkampouna Sofia , Kruithof-de Julio Marianna , Tocci Piera , Porciello Nicla , Maccaroni Klizia , Rutigliano Daniela , Shen Xiling , Ciliberto Gennaro
Published: December 2024

On September 23–24 (2024) the 6th Workshop IRE on Translational Oncology, titled “Cancer Organoids as Reliable Disease Models to Drive Clinical Development of Novel Therapies,” took place at the IRCCS Regina Elena Cancer Institute in Rome. This prominent international conference focused on tumor organoids, bringing together leading experts from around the world.

A central challenge in precision oncology is modeling the dynamic tumor ecosystem, which encompasses numerous elements that evolve spatially and temporally. Patient-derived 3D culture models, including organoids, explants, and engineered or bioprinted systems, have recently emerged as sophisticated tools capable of capturing the complexity and diversity of cancer cells interacting within their microenvironments. These models address critical unmet needs in precision medicine, particularly in aiding clinical decision-making. The rapid development of these human tissue avatars has enabled advanced modeling of cellular alterations in disease states and the screening of compounds to uncover novel therapeutic pathways.

Throughout the event, distinguished speakers shared their expertise and research findings, illustrating how organoids are transforming our understanding of treatment resistance, metastatic dynamics, and the interaction between tumors and the surrounding microenvironment.

This conference served as a pivotal opportunity to strengthen international collaborations and spark innovative translational approaches. Its goal was to accelerate the shift from preclinical research to clinical application, paving the way for increasingly personalized and effective cancer therapies.
Swab Testing to Optimize Pneumonia treatment with empiric Vancomycin (STOP-Vanc): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Freiberg Jeffrey A. , Siemann Justin K. , Qian Edward T. , Ereshefsky Benjamin J. , Hennessy Cassandra , Stollings Joanna L. , Rali Taylor M. , Harrell Frank E. , Gatto Cheryl L. , Rice Todd W. , Nelson George E. ,   for the Vanderbilt Center for Learning Healthcare
Published: December 2024

Background

Vancomycin, an antibiotic with activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), is frequently included in empiric treatment for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) despite the fact that MRSA is rarely implicated in CAP. Conducting polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing on nasal swabs to identify the presence of MRSA colonization has been proposed as an antimicrobial stewardship intervention to reduce the use of vancomycin. Observational studies have shown reductions in vancomycin use after implementation of MRSA colonization testing, and this approach has been adopted by CAP guidelines. However, the ability of this intervention to safely reduce vancomycin use has yet to be tested in a randomized controlled trial.

Methods

STOP-Vanc is a pragmatic, prospective, single center, non-blinded randomized trial. The objective of this study is to test whether the use of MRSA PCR testing can safely reduce inappropriate vancomycin use in an intensive care setting. Adult patients with suspicion for CAP who are receiving vancomycin and admitted to the Medical Intensive Care Unit at Vanderbilt University Medical Center will be screened for eligibility. Eligible patients will be enrolled and randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either receive MRSA nasal swab PCR testing in addition to usual care (intervention group), or usual care alone (control group). PCR testing results will be transmitted through the electronic health record to the treating clinicians. Primary providers of intervention group patients with negative swab results will also receive a page providing clinical guidance recommending discontinuation of vancomycin. The primary outcome will be vancomycin-free hours alive, defined as the expected number of hours alive and free of the use of vancomycin within the first 7 days following trial enrollment estimated using a proportional odds ratio model. Secondary outcomes include 30-day all-cause mortality and time alive off vancomycin.

Discussion

STOP-Vanc will provide the first randomized controlled trial data regarding the use of MRSA nasal swab PCR testing to guide antibiotic de-escalation. This study will provide important information regarding the effect of MRSA PCR testing and antimicrobial stewardship guidance on clinical outcomes in an intensive care unit setting.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06272994. Registered on February 22, 2024.
Pulmonary infection caused by Tropheryma whipplei: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Shi Jianglong , Liu Ren , Qiu Jiehui , Wei Chunping , Pan Dejin , Xiang Tianxin , Cheng Na
Published: December 2024

Background

Tropheryma whipplei pneumonia is an infrequent medical condition. The clinical symptoms associated with this disease are nonspecific, often resulting in misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. Therefore, sharing and summarizing the experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease can deepen global understanding and awareness of it.

Case presentation

The patient is a 78-year-old married Han Chinese female who was admitted to the hospital after experiencing fever, dry cough, and fatigue for 4 days. A lung computed tomography scan revealed inflammatory exudation in the lower left lung, accompanied by pleural effusion. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was subjected to further analysis using metagenomic next-generation sequencing, which identified 41 genetic sequences associated with Tropheryma whipplei. Consequently, she was diagnosed with Tropheryma whipplei pneumonia. After initiating treatment with doxycycline and biapenem, the patient’s symptoms showed significant improvement. Upon discharge, the patient continued treatment with a combination of doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine, which was discontinued after 4 days. At 12-month follow-up, the patient reported overall good health, with no symptoms of fever, cough, or any other discomfort.

Conclusion

Tropheryma whipplei pneumonia is a rare condition with nonspecific symptoms. The application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing technology in pulmonary infections helps to rapidly identify rare pathogens, providing a solid foundation for precise and effective antibacterial treatment for patients.
Moringa oleifera products as nutraceuticals for sustainable poultry production
Authors: Egbu Chidozie Freedom , Mulaudzi Anzai , Motsei Lebogang Ezra , Mnisi Caven Mguvane
Published: December 2024

Moringa (Moringa oleifera) products hold promise as sources of nutraceuticals in poultry diets due to the presence of proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, and polyphenolic compounds with growth-boosting, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. Moringa leaves, seeds, or their extracts are among the natural additives that contain polyphenolic substances such as quercetin, catechin, alkaloids, and kaempferol that have been extensively exploited to optimise poultry nutrition. These substances can stimulate fast growth rates, boost the nutritional quality of poultry products, and suppress pathogenic gut microbial proliferation. However, high levels of primary (fibre) and secondary metabolites (tannins, saponins, cyanogenic glycoside, and phytates) in moringa seeds or leaves limit their utilization as nutraceuticals in poultry feeds. Consequently, various conflicting findings have been reported regarding the potential benefits of moringa products in poultry diets. For this review, data from 43 research articles sourced from PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, AGRICOLA, CAB Direct, and Scopus met the inclusion criteria. The review provides an overview of the nutraceutical composition of moringa products and their feeding value in poultry production. The challenges and benefits of adopting moringa products in conventional poultry diets and potential strategies that can enhance their utility in poultry nutrition to warrant a positive impact on food security were discussed. We also delved into the importance of determining optimal dosage levels given that low doses result in limited positive impacts while higher doses may cause debilitating antinutritional effects. We found that tailoring the inclusion dosages based on poultry species, physiological stages, form of moringa products, and bioprocessing techniques can mitigate the impact of antinutrients, thus allowing for higher inclusion rates. Conclusively, the use of moringa nutraceuticals could improve poultry production efficiency and promote food security and sustainable agricultural practices. Policy implications must include establishing clear guidelines for the safe and effective use of moringa products in poultry diets as alternatives to synthetic additives.
AOH1996 targets mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism in leukemic stem cells via mitochondrial PCNA inhibition
Authors: Kang HyunJun , Valerio Melissa , Feng Jia , Gu Long , Hoang Dinh Hoa , Blackmon Amanda , Sharkas Shawn , Pathak Khyatiben , Jossart Jennifer , Li Zhuo , Zhang Hongyu , Zhang Bin , Pirrotte Patrick , Perry J. Jefferson P. , Hickey Robert J. , Malkas Linda , Marcucci Guido , Nguyen Le Xuan Truong
Published: December 2024

Cytoplasmic proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, supporting oxidative metabolism and leukemia stem cell (LSC) growth. We report on AOH1996 (AOH), an oral compound targeting cancer-associated PCNA, which shows significant antileukemic activity. AOH inhibited growth in AML cell lines and primary CD34 + CD38 − blasts (LSC-enriched) in vitro while sparing normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). In vivo, AOH-treated mice demonstrated prolonged survival compared to controls (50 vs. 35 days; p < 0.0001) with reduced LSC burden, as shown in secondary transplants (42 vs. 30 days, p < 0.0001). Mechanistically, AOH disrupted mitochondrial PCNA’s binding to the OPA1 protein, enhancing OPA1’s interaction with its E3 ligase, MARCH5, which led to OPA1 degradation. This process reduced mitochondrial length, fatty acid oxidation (FAO), and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), thereby inhibiting LSC expansion. The addition of venetoclax (VEN), an FDA-approved Bcl-2 inhibitor, further enhanced AOH’s effects, reducing mitochondrial length, FAO, and OXPHOS while improving survival in AML models. While VEN is approved for AML, AOH is under clinical investigation for solid tumors, and our findings support its broader therapeutic potential.
Aseismic deformation within fold-and-thrust belts: example from the Tsengwen River section of southwest Taiwan
Authors: Le Béon Maryline , Chen Chang-Chih , Huang Wen-Jeng , Ching Kuo-En , Shih Jhih-Wei , Tseng Ya-Chu , Chiou Yi-Wei , Liu Yen-Chiu , Hsieh Meng-Long , Pathier Erwan , Lu Chih-Heng , Fruneau Bénédicte
Published: December 2024

We report a rarely observed case of steady aseismic deformation in the context of a fold-and-thrust belt, with a well-documented structural and lithological background. We focus on a 12-km-long section across the foothills of southwestern Taiwan, where about 23 mm/yr of westward compression is observed. From west to east, the surface geological structures include an anticline, a thrust and a backthrust. We determine Holocene uplift rates based on fluvial terraces, invert the interseismic 3D velocity field using existing geodetic datasets, and build a geological cross-section to constrain the possible deep geometry for the structure responsible for the observed surface deformation. Geodetic vertical velocities and Holocene uplift rates show a similar pattern, with rates rapidly increasing eastward, then remaining relatively constant across the fold axis and thrust, and finally sharply decreasing across the backthrust, across which InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) observations suggest a velocity discontinuity. Our observations show that active deformation is occurring mainly aseismically and involves the anticline and backthrust. Our cross-section illustrates a 4–5 km deep wedge with a passive roof thrust corresponding to the backthrust, on the hanging wall of which the anticline is located. A classical fault-bend fold model with a slip rate of 21 ± 2 mm/yr can explain most of the observations, yet local misfit suggests a possible contribution to uplift from pure shear of clayey rocks in the anticline core. Based on published records from a deep well drilled across the fold core and backthrust, clay-rich lithology and elevated fluid content are likely to favor aseismic slip.
Potential role of electroencephalographic monitoring for diagnosis and treatment of local anesthetic systemic toxicity during general anesthesia: a case report
Authors: Wakabayashi Ryo , Azuma Seiichi , Hayashi Saori , Ueda Yuji , Iwakiri Masaki , Asamoto Masaaki , Uchida Kanji
Published: December 2024

Background

Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication. Under general anesthesia, neurological signs are often masked, delaying diagnosis and increasing the risk of sudden cardiovascular collapse. Therefore, early detection methods are critically needed.

Case presentation

A 48-year-old male patient (height: 182 cm, weight: 98 kg) underwent resection of a mediastinal goiter. He received 10 mL of 4% lidocaine for topical airway anesthesia and 20 mL of 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine for chest wall anesthesia. Thirty minutes after airway anesthesia, continuous theta waves appeared on the frontal electroencephalogram (EEG), which were enhanced following chest wall anesthesia. These waves transitioned into a repeating pattern and evolved into sharp periodic discharges. After administering 150 mL of 20% lipid emulsion, the EEG normalized.

Conclusions

This case highlights that EEG monitoring during general anesthesia may facilitate the early detection of LAST and provide real-time feedback on treatment efficacy.
Accountability and objectivity: Humanitarian narratives at the intersection of evidence and localisation
Authors: Turner Ellen , Lokot Michelle , Lange Isabelle L. , Wake Caitlin , Roberts Bayard
Published: December 2024

In the last decade, there has been a push for greater evidence-based practice within the humanitarian sector, alongside an increasing turn towards localising humanitarian assistance. Humanitarian actors and organisations have been increasing their production and use of evidence, while also being encouraged to reflect more critically on power hierarchies and decolonise humanitarian aid. This paper explores the intersection of these two narratives, examining how the use of evidence in humanitarian decision-making fits within a localisation agenda. Based on interviews with humanitarian health practitioners located globally, we examine how evidence is defined, and how it is used, including to inform both hierarchical and bottom-up approaches to decision-making. We find clear hierarchies about what counts as good evidence, with a weighting towards randomised-controlled trials, and that the perspectives of populations most affected by crises and the expertise of local actors were not routinely seen as central forms of evidence. Narratives about needing to build the capacity of local actors persist, alongside the notion of evidence as objective. We suggest that a disconnect exists between humanitarian discourses about evidence and localisation, arguing for the need to view evidence as political and influenced by researcher positionality This suggests that more consideration of locally-driven knowledge is needed and will strengthen humanitarian decision-making. We argue that a distinction between evidence and localisation does a disservice to both agendas and that finding synergies between these concepts would strengthen both.
Anticipatory actions: lessons from the storm Ana in Mocuba district, Mozambique
Authors: Popat Meizal , Rathod Komal , Artur Luis , de Perez Erin Coughlan , Sharma Akriti , Beca Noah , Van Sant Carolyn
Published: December 2024

In January 2022, the Mozambique Red Cross provided non-food items to people who were forecasted to be impacted by flooding from the tropical storm Ana in the district of Mocuba, Zambezia province, Mozambique. This was an activation of their anticipatory action protocol, an innovative mechanism for forecast-based action. While anticipatory action is growing rapidly around the world, there is a lack of evidence on the effectiveness of different anticipatory actions across hazards. In this study, we compare reported health outcomes and asset losses from a survey of beneficiaries of an anticipatory action program in Mozambique, implemented by the Mozambique Red Cross. Given the short warning time, Mozambique Red Cross was able to provide non-food items, namely early warning messages, buckets, cups, mosquito nets, soaps, and COVID-19 masks to 855 number of people 24h before the flooding occurred. Using propensity score matching, we did not find statistically significant differences in health outcomes loss of assets or personal documents during the flood event, between beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries (comparison group). The lack of observable statistical differences between the groups could be due to either the late timing of intervention or a lack of tangible utility of the non-food items for the intended objectives. Our findings suggest that early warning and action need to be backed by proper and timely logistical and organizational investments and tailored to local contexts if they are to bear significant results. Further investment in anticipatory action systems should ensure that actors have the infrastructure and personnel ready to act quickly enough based on the forecast.
Designing a humanitarian relief logistics network considering the cost of deprivation using a robust-fuzzy-probabilistic planning method
Authors: Ghahremani-Nahr Javid , Nozari Hamed , Szmelter-Jarosz Agnieszka
Published: December 2024

This study addresses deprivation costs in humanitarian logistics by incorporating direct and indirect impacts into a robust-fuzzy-probabilistic framework to optimize resource allocation and minimize delays in disaster response. This model has concepts such as facility location and optimal flow allocation. The results show that with the increase in the uncertainty rate and as a result of the increase in the number of people affected by the accident and the demand for relief items at the scene of the accident, the costs related to the supply and transportation of the items and the injured have increased. Also, by examining the effect of deprivation cost on the results of the model, it was observed that with the increase of deprivation cost, the model aims to increase the goods transferred to satisfy the demand fully. Therefore, the expenses related to deprivation have decreased, but on the other hand, the costs associated with the transfer of products have increased. As a result, the cost of the entire relief logistics network has increased. Finally, by examining the effects of the weighting coefficient of the objective function on the values of the objective function of the problem, it can be seen that with the increase of this weighting coefficient, the value of the objective function has increased due to the increase in the volume of transfers of relief items.
INI1 (SMARCB1) deletion of lung cancer: a case report and literature review
Authors: Ma Hong-Yan , Shi Shuai , Sang Yin Zhou , Sun Jie , Wang Xing-guang , Zhang Zhi-Gang
Published: December 2024

Background

Integrase interaction factor 1 (INI1), also known as switch/sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF)-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1 (SMARCB1), is a tumor suppressor gene. The INI1 protein is widely expressed in normal cell nuclei. This case report described a series of lung adenocarcinomas with deletion of the INI1 gene.

Case presentation

The patient, a 65-year-old female, underwent lung biopsy surgery at our hospital in April 2023. The tumor tissue was stained with immunohistochemistry and ultimately diagnosed as INI1-deficient lung adenocarcinoma. Lack of expression of the INI1 gene has been relatively rare in lung cancer. The INI1 (SMARCB1) protein is a subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. Undifferentiated cancers with missing SWI/SNF complexes have been demonstrated to be associated with poor sensitivity to traditional chemotherapy drugs and a poor prognosis. However, histone methyltransferase inhibitors may be effective in treating this tumor.

Conclusions

The purpose of our report was to enhance the understanding of this tumor among clinical and pathological doctors.
Book Review: “Communication and the Pandemic”, Edited By Minaeva L.V.
Authors: Lukanina M.
Published: December 2024

The article reviews the monograph “Communication and the Pandemic”, written by a team of researchers (mostly from the Department of International Communication, School of World Politics, Lomonosov Moscow State University) and edited by Liudmila V Minaeva. The monograph analyzes communication models, methods and instruments in three distinct and interconnected areas: media landscape, political communication and businesscommunication, which is reflected structurally in three chapters of the book. The book may be of interest to all those engaged in communication and media studies, public relations and world politics, and may be used for educational purposes in universities and institutes.
Communication Passport of a Modern Migrant From Central Asia
Authors: Maslova Irina
Published: December 2024

The study is devoted to understanding the communicative behavior of migrant workers from Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan who come to the Russian Federation for the purpose of employment. The study is based on the hypothesis that the dominant feature of their communicative behavior is bilingualism, therefore, the concept of "bilingual communicative behavior" of a person is introduced. It is proved that there are different types of bilingualism, among which the bilingualism of migrant workers seems to be poorly studied. In addition, there is no doubt about the proximity of bilingualism and diglossia. However, diglossia, unlike bilingualism, is characteristic of certain social relationships, and bilingualism is a feature of an individual linguistic personality. It has been established that it is bilingualism, or rather, the degree of proficiency in different languages, one of which is native and the second is acquired, that affects the socialization of migrants in the Russian Federation. The proof of this is the analysis of the communicative behavior of migrants in the everyday and institutional spheres of communication. As a result of the observations, it was found that the behavior patterns of people coming to the Russian Federation "for work" have similarities related to their nationality, level of education, spheres of communication, belonging to the post-Soviet space. The most significant is the institutional sphere of communication, which highlights with the greatest clarity the features of the bilingual communicative behavior of migrants from Central Asia, which allow us to talk about the concept of a "communicative migrant passport".
Gagauz Carpet as a Tool of Communication and Transmission of Cultural Identity
Authors: Voevoda E. , Kuznecova V.
Published: December 2024

The article addresses the specifics of the Gagauz carpet as an instrument of preservation and transmission of cultural identity. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the need to preserve and broadcast the intangible cultural heritage of the Gagauz culture, which includes carpet weaving. The aim of the article is to identify the role of the Gagauz carpet as an intergenerational tool of communication and transmission of the Gagauz cultural identity. The research is based on socio-cultural and historical approaches using the following methods: comparative-historical analysis, descriptive analysis, analysis of literature on the topic of the article, observation of carpet weaving techniques in Gagauzia. The study reveals the influence of Ottoman culture on Gagauz carpet weaving. The paper shows that the Gagauz carpet is an intergenerational tool of communication and contributes to the preservation and transmission of cultural identity. The authors conclude that it is necessary to create a centre for the revival of carpet weaving in Gagauzia and to hold classes under the guidance of experienced weavers. The practical significance of the article lies in the possibility of using the results obtained in the course of the cultural history of Gagauzia.
The Problem of Interaction of Cultural Objects: Metaphysics of Communication from the Perspective of Object-Oriented Ontology
Authors: Chertovskih M.
Published: December 2024

This paper attempts to design the metaphysics of communication from the perspective of object-oriented ontology. For this purpose, the main provisions of object-oriented philosophy have been analysed with close attention to the description of ways, possibilities and conditions of object interaction. Employing the method of conceptual engineering, an image of what objectoriented communication should be is constructed from the theoretical and analytical review. Its descriptive and predictive capabilities are analysed. Special attention is paid to the conditions of communication breakdown, which reveal a set of relations inherent in its objects and make it possible both to describe the actual state of the communicative system and to predict its further behaviour. The theoretical provisions of the article are illustrated by examples from various spheres of communicative turnover of cultural objects: everyday communication, literature, crisis communications. The results of the study allow us to compile a set of methodological principles for conducting studies of communication in different cultural fields within the given approach.
Modern Intercultural Foreign Language Education
Authors: Berdichevskiy Anatoliy
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the current state of foreign language education at the present stage of development of foreign language teaching methods. At present, there is a departure from the absolutization of the communicative approach and purely communicative competence as the ultimate goal of education and a change in the philosophy of education: a transition from a knowledge-centric paradigm of education to a culturally consistent one. Particular attention is paid to the difference between communicativeness and communication, which is put forward as the main goal of foreign language education.

Teaching a foreign language as a phenomenon of constant communication of a student with another culture in the course of linguistic communication is intercultural in nature.

The transition from the knowledge-centric paradigm of education to the culturally appropriate one required a change in the entire education system: the content, methods, units and means of education, which are considered in detail in the article.

The thesis is substantiated that only a conscious and theoretically substantiated intercultural orientation of the process of teaching a foreign language can form a personality free from prejudices and stereotypes in relation to a foreign culture.
Popularisation of Scientific Knowledge in the Media Environment: Positive and Negative Aspects
Authors: Starovoytova I.
Published: December 2024

Modern media are integrated into many spheres of society. Scientific discourse is also influenced by the objective process of mediatization. The aim of the article is to highlight important problems of mediatization of science by means of the Internet. The study is based on the analysis of scientific works by famous foreign and domestic authors on the topic of mediatization. The article outlines the main features of social media, which play an increasingly important role in popularizing scientific knowledge and in communication between scientists. The article notes the positive aspects of mediatization of science, and also identifies the following problems: inability to select a universal method of transmitting information; mythologization of scientific knowledge; infantilization of the audience; demonization of media discourses by the academic community; formation of a pseudoscientific functional style; the problem of discrepancy between the communicator and the recipient (dilettantism); creation of false meanings alien to science. The article may be of interest to researchers of mediatization of science and higher education, as well as managers in the field of science.
Overtraining and Burnout: The Hidden Toll of Professional Sports on Athlete Health
Authors: Grzelak Alicja , Langner Sara
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Professional sports demand exceptional physical and mental dedication, yet the intensive training and competitive pressures can often lead to overtraining and burnout among athletes. These phenomena not only compromise athletic performance but also pose significant risks to long-term physical and mental health, raising concerns within the sports and medical communities.
Purpose of Work: This study explores the hidden toll of overtraining and burnout on professional athletes, examining their effects on physical health, psychological well-being, and career longevity. It aims to highlight underlying causes, consequences, and strategies for prevention and intervention.
State of Knowledge: Existing research identifies overtraining syndrome as a key contributor to chronic fatigue, decreased performance, and vulnerability to injury. Burnout, often stemming from emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, is linked to anxiety, depression, and withdrawal from sports. Despite growing awareness, gaps remain in comprehensive strategies to mitigate these challenges, particularly in integrating mental health support within training programs.
Material and methods: The study utilized a systematic review approach, searching across well-known academic databases like PubMed and Google Scholar, and then carefully screening the results to select pertinent studies for detailed examination.
Summary: This paper synthesizes the current research on overtraining and burnout, outlining the challenges faced by athletes and the common physical and mental health issues they confront. The findings underscore the need for proactive interventions, such as customized training schedules, psychological support, and comprehensive education programs for both athletes and coaches.
Managing Blue Light Exposure: Impacts on Sleep Quality and Circadian Health
Authors: Grzelak Alicja
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Blue light, a high-energy visible light emitted from natural and artificial sources, plays a crucial role in regulating circadian rhythms and sleep quality. While essential for maintaining alertness and synchronizing the biological clock, excessive exposure, especially during evening hours, disrupts melatonin production, adversely impacting sleep and overall health.
Purpose of Work: This paper investigates the effects of blue light exposure on circadian rhythms and sleep quality, aiming to evaluate its biological mechanisms and health implications. Additionally, it explores evidence-based preventive measures to mitigate its negative impacts.
State of Knowledge: Research reveals that prolonged blue light exposure delays sleep onset, shortens sleep duration, and impairs sleep efficiency by suppressing melatonin secretion. Disrupted circadian rhythms are linked to mood disorders, cognitive decline, and metabolic imbalances. Preventive strategies, including blue light-blocking glasses, screen filters, optimized lighting environments, and adherence to healthy screen-time habits, demonstrate effectiveness but require further validation in diverse populations.
Material and methods: This study employed a systematic literature review approach, comprising a comprehensive search across scientific databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, followed by a screening process to identify relevant studies for further investigation.
Summary: Blue light exposure significantly influences circadian rhythms and sleep quality, with implications for mental and physical health. Preventive measures, when adopted consistently, offer promising solutions to mitigate adverse effects. Continued research is necessary to refine these strategies and ensure widespread applicability in an increasingly digital world.
Pelvic Organ Prolapse – General Overview and Latest Therapy Possibilities
Authors: Wojtas Aneta Klaudia , Cygnarowicz Aleksandra , Sacher Karolina , Zabojska Krystyna , Korotko Urszula , Mandziuk Aneta , Witowska Kinga , Turemka Mariola , Biskupski Mikolaj , Hosseinnejad Negar
Published: December 2024

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a very common health problem, which affects increasing number of women. The etiology involves multiple factors, especially ageing or increased abdominal pressure. It refers to the downward displacement of the pelvic organs and its protrusion. This condition can significantly affect the quality of life, causing urinary and fecal incontinence, sexual dysfunctions and self-consciousness. The examination includes both physical and imaging studies. Patients can be offered an observations, pessaries and surgeries, such as obliterative and reconstructive surgeries. A literature for this review was gathered on PubMed and Google Scholar, using keyword “pelvic organ prolapse”, combined with “epidemiology”, “pathophysiology”, “risk factors”, “symptoms”, “complications”, “treatment”, “surgery” and “pessaries”.
Endometriosis - A Medical Challenge: Impact on Fertility and Treatment Method
Authors: Zwierzchowska Maria , Stachowiak Julia , Sosin Julia , Pilarz Anna , Sojka Aleksandra , Salamon Dariusz , Domagała Wojciech
Published: December 2024

Aim of study:
The subject of this review is to highlight the complexity of the disease known as endometriosis. This disease affects 10% of women of reproductive age, causing a number of symptoms of various origins, and additionally affects women’s fertility, mental health and role in society. The work aims to systematize knowledge about endometriosis, the mechanism by which it affects fertility and possible therapies, including surgical methods and assisted reproductive technology (ART.). The issue of infertility associated with endometriosis is has not been fully explored yet. A personalized treatment plan including medication, surgical assisted reproductive techniques and psychological support should be developed to improve the quality of life of patients with endometriosis and enable them to become pregnant.
Material and methods:
A systematic review of scientific and medical literature from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases was conducted.
 
Results:
Currently, the most effective treatment for infertility is in vitro fertilization (IVF). Successful treatment of endometriosis-related infertility should be discussed in detail with each patient and the decision on the therapy plan should be individual and comprehensive.
Keywords: endometriosis, infertility, chronic pelvic pain, gynecology, IVF, IVI
Red Wine: Poison or the Secret to Eternal Youth?
Authors: Makowska Karolina , Lis Laura , Perwejnis Sebastian
Published: December 2024

Red wine has been the subject of extensive research due to its complex polyphenolic composition and potential health effects on the human body. This review examines the cardioprotective effects of red wine, highlighting the role of polyphenols in promoting cardiovascular health, increasing insulin sensitivity, and offering protective benefits against type 2 diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. Despite these potential benefits, red wine consumption is also associated with several adverse effects, including liver damage, headaches, and increased risk of depression. This duality highlights the importance of moderation in alcohol consumption..
Bipolar disorder - analysis of the impact of selected factors on treatment and course - review
Authors: Janicka Ewelina Justyna , Rosińska Kamila , Skibicka Julia Natalia , Niedźwiedzka Monika , Rosiński Mateusz
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Bipolar Disorder (BD) affects millions worldwide, impacting emotional, social, and cognitive functioning. This disorder, characterized by alternating episodes of mania and depression, carries high risks including suicide. Pharmacological treatment is the cornerstone of management, but its effectiveness can be limited, prompting the exploration of adjunctive treatment methods. This paper discusses the potential of interventions such as physical activity, sleep regulation, psychotherapy, and research on inflammation and gut microbiota as supplementary elements to standard BD treatment.
Objective: This review aims to evaluate the role of adjunctive therapies, including physical activity, sleep regulation, inflammation, gut microbiota interventions, and psychotherapy, in improving outcomes for patients with BD.Materials and Methods: A literature review covering research on various forms of treatment for bipolar disorder, the impact of physical activity, inflammation, microbiota, sleep and psychotherapy in the treatment of this disease, published on the PubMed and Google Scholar platforms.Conclusions: Emerging evidence suggests that non-pharmacological interventions can complement standard treatments for BD. Physical activity helps alleviate depressive symptoms and improve psychosocial functioning, while regulating sleep patterns can reduce mood disturbances and suicidality. Managing systemic inflammation and optimizing gut microbiota may address neuropsychiatric symptoms and enhance cognitive performance. Psychotherapeutic approaches like CBT and MBCT lower relapse rates and improve quality of life. Integrating these strategies into routine care could enhance long-term management of BD.
Semaglutide, liraglutide and tirzepatide: Comparison of effectiveness in the treatment of obesity – a literature review
Authors: Baran Karolina , Jankowska Marlena , Jańczyk Natalia , Mędrysa Karolina , Pokrzepa Jakub , Presak Michał , Blecharz Gabriela , Szwech Julia , Winkowska Alicja , Machalica Jan
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Obesity is a complex, multifactorial condition characterized by an excessive accumulation of body fat. It is widely recognized as a major public health issue due to its strong association with numerous chronic diseases. [1][2]
The use of GLP-1 receptor agonists in obesity treatment began with the recognition that these drugs, initially developed for type 2 diabetes, could significantly reduce body weight due to their effects on appetite regulation and satiety. Liraglutide was the first to be approved specifically for obesity, followed by semaglutide, The development of tirzepatide, which targets both GLP-1 and GIP receptors, has further expanded the potential for obesity treatment. As clinical evidence continues to support their efficacy and safety, GLP-1 receptor agonists are becoming an important tool in the management of obesity, offering a promising option for individuals struggling with weight and related health conditions [3][4][5].
Aim of the study
The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of semaglutide, liraglutide and tirzepatide in reducing body weight in obesity.
Materials and methods
The article was created based on the PubMed and Cochrane databases. The literature was analyzed using the fallow keywords: Obesity treatment, liraglutide, tirzepatide, semaglutide, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists
Results
The research  proved that tirzepatide is more effective in reducing body weight compared to semaglutide and liraglutide [6][7].
Conclusion
Thanks to the comparison of results from multiple studies, we can assume that, at this point, tirzepatide is the most effective pharmacological treatment for obesity, which, when used in combination with lifestyle changes, provides a lasting effect on weight reduction and, consequently, helps treat obesity-related comorbidities[6][8].
Priapism – we need to act fast. Definition, diagnosis and management
Authors: Gorczyca Przemysław , Borowiec Agnieszka , Borowiec Kinga
Published: December 2024

Priapism refers to a prolonged erection caused by dysfunction in the mechanisms that control penile tumescence, rigidity, and flaccidity. An accurate diagnosis of priapism is urgent and requires identifying the underlying hemodynamic causes. The aim of this study is to identify the different types of priapism, examine its pathogenesis and epidemiology, and to present evidence-based guidelines for effective management. A thorough review of the current guidelines and relevant literature was conducted. The articles with the highest level of evidence were chosen. Swift diagnosis and effective management of priapism are crucial to prevent unnecessary interventions and ensure the best possible outcomes for erectile function.
3D Printing's Green Revolution: A Review of Usage of Sustainable and Recycled Polymers
Authors: Gada Dhiyan Vimal
Published: December 2024

The convergence of sustainability concerns and additive manufacturing technologies has sparked significant interest in the use of recycled plastics for 3D printing. This review paper examines the current state of research and practice in this rapidly evolving field. It explores the processes involved in recycling various types of plastics for 3D printing applications, with a focus on commonly used materials such as PLA and ABS. The review finds that while it is feasible to use recycled plastics in 3D printing, particularly in fused deposition modelling (FDM), the quality and consistency of the resulting products can vary significantly. Recycled PLA tends to show some degradation in mechanical properties, while recycled ABS generally maintains its properties better through the recycling process. Interestingly, recycled materials often produce smoother surface finishes in 3D printed objects. The paper also highlights the need for further research in areas such as standardization of recycling processes for 3D printing, long-term performance studies of products made from recycled materials, and life cycle assessments comparing recycled and virgin plastics in 3D printing contexts. Overall, this review underscores the potential of using recycled plastics in 3D printing as a significant step towards more sustainable manufacturing practices.
Punica granatum – based ternary metal oxide Nanoparticles: Degradation of Methylene Blue and Antimicrobial Study
Authors: Thakur Manita , Sharma Ankita , Kumar Ajay , Sharma Arush , Kumari Swati , Sharma Ajay , Pathania Deepak
Published: December 2024

The production of nanoparticles derived from plant extracts has attracted considerable attention due to their cost-effectiveness, eco-friendly nature, and effective performance in different applications such as wastewater treatment and biomedicine. The present research emphasizes the eco-friendly synthesis of a nano-hybrid structure consisting of punica granatum (PGE) extract with zinc, lead, and manganese (ZPM). It is designed for efficient degradation of Methylene blue (MB) in nano-hybrid water systems. Punica granatum incorporated Zinc, lead and manganese (PGE/ZPM) nanohybrid structure was characterized using various techniques including FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy), FESEM (Scanning electron microscopy) with elemental mapping, HRTEM (Transmission electron microscopy), XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) XRD (X-ray diffraction), TGA (Thermogravimetric analysis) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The study included a thorough investigation of the optimization parameters specifically analyzing the effects of pH, dye concentration and catalyst dosage. The results showed that under solar exposure, 83.68% of Methylene blue (MB) was removed within 3 hours. The degradation mechanism follows pseudo-first order kinetics and the highest rate of degradation of MB at pH 6.0 was determined to be k= 0.0159 min-1. The photocatalyst was reused for five cycles, showing only a minor decline in degradation effectiveness. Antibacterial effectiveness of PGE, ZPM and PGE/ZPM was also assessed against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). In summary, the cost-effective and environmentally friendly method used to synthesize PGE/ZPM has proven to be a versatile photo-catalytic and antibacterial agent.
Exploration of cadmium-resistant bacteria in cadmium-contaminated rice fields in Karawang District, Indonesia
Authors: AZIS NOVRIANTY RIZQI , NURAINI YULIA , PRAYOGO CAHYO , ISHAQ RIZKY MAULANA , NUTTAPOL NOIRUNGSEE
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Azis NR, Nuraini Y, Prayogo C, Ishaq RM, Nuttapol N. 2024. Exploration of cadmium-resistant bacteria in cadmium-contaminated rice fields in Karawang District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3637-3644. Cadmium is a heavy metal naturally present in the soil, but its presence can increase due to human activities (anthropogenic). Increased cadmium content in soil due to human activities can occur due to agricultural activities, such as the continuous use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. These chemical products contain harmful heavy metals such as cadmium, which results in soil pollution due to the accumulation of these metals in the soil and the entry of these metals into agricultural products, thus affecting health. The problem can be solved by soil bioremediation that utilizes indigenous bacteria. This study aims to explore cadmium-resistant bacteria with high resistance levels that can be used for the bioremediation of cadmium-contaminated soil. Cadmium-resistant bacteria were explored from 4 locations in Karawang District, Indonesia, with soil cadmium content >0.5 ppm, namely 2 locations in Telukjambe Village, 1 in Purwajaya Village, and 1 in Lemahmukti. 14 cadmium-resistant bacterial isolates with different characteristics were obtained from these 4 locations. Microbiological tests conducted include Gram staining test, resistance test, pathogenicity test, and bacterial DNA test. Seven bacterial isolates were found to be non-pathogenic to humans and plants. The best three bacterial isolates from 7 non-pathogenic isolates with resistance ability 50-500 ppm can potentially be used as a bioremediation of cadmium-contaminated soil. The three isolates are isolates B1, B6, and B12. DNA test results stated that isolate B1 is Shewanella decolorationis strain NSSD01, B6 is Chryseobacterium cucumeris strain E1-3, and B12 is Aeromonas hydrophila strain GX5.