bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with weight gain during COVID-19 pandemic: A global study
Authors: Huang Junjie , Chan Sze Chai , Ko Samantha , Wang Harry H. X. , Yuan Jacky , Xu Wanghong , Zheng Zhi-Jie , Xue Hao , Zhang Lin , Jiang Johnny Y. , Huang Jason L. W. , Chen Ping , Palaganas Erlinda , Viwattanakulvanid Pramon , Somrongthong Ratana , Caicedo Andrés , Medina-Arellano María de Jesús , Murphy Jill , Paredes Maria B. A. , Withers Mellissa , Wong Martin C. S. ,   On behalf of the Association of Pacific Rim Universities (APRU) Global Health Program
Published: April 2023

Background

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in changes in lifestyle habits and experiences of mental health outcomes, some of which were possibly related to weight gain, leading to an increase in the prevalence of obesity, which is associated with the development of several severe diseases. Concerns regarding weight gain and its impact on health outcomes are prevalent worldwide, with obesity being one of the highest causes of mortality in current society.

Methods

A self-reported questionnaire collected data from participants aged 18 years of age and above from 26 countries and regions worldwide. Post-hoc multiple logistic regression analyses have been done to evaluate the association between demographic and socioeconomic factors, and the perspectives that were identified to be associated with weight gain.

Results

Participants belonging to a younger age group; with a higher level of education; living in an urban area; living with family members; employed full-time; and had obesity were found to be more vulnerable to weight gain. After adjusting for socio-demographic factors, participants who were quarantined; exercised less prior to the pandemic; consumed unhealthy foods; and reported negative thoughts such as helplessness and the perceived risk of COVID-19, were more likely to experience weight gain; while negative thoughts such as having no means of control over the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic will have great personal effect were associated with females, students, and people living in the rural area.

Conclusions

Weight gain risk during the pandemic was significantly associated with certain socio-demographic and COVID-19 related factors. To improve public health outcomes, future research should conduct a longitudinal evaluation on the effects of COVID-19 experiences upon health choices. Streamlined mental support should also be provided to the vulnerable groups which were prone to negative thoughts that were associated with weight gain.
Ageing, functioning patterns and their environmental determinants in the spinal cord injury (SCI) population: A comparative analysis across eleven European countries implementing the International Spinal Cord Injury Community Survey
Authors: Sabariego Carla , Ehrmann Cristina , Bickenbach Jerome , Pacheco Barzallo Diana , Schedin Leiulfsrud Annelie , Strøm Vegard , Osterthun Rutger , Tederko Piotr , Seijas Vanessa , Eriks-Hoogland Inge , Le Fort Marc , Gonzalez Viejo Miguel A. , Bökel Andrea , Popa Daiana , Dionyssiotis Yannis , Baricich Alessio , Juocevicius Alvydas , Amico Paolo , Stucki Gerold
Published: April 2023

Background

As the European population with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is expected to become older, a better understanding of ageing with SCI using functioning, the health indicator used to model healthy ageing trajectories, is needed. We aimed to describe patterns of functioning in SCI by chronological age, age at injury and time since injury across eleven European countries using a common functioning metric, and to identify country-specific environmental determinants of functioning.

Methods

Data from 6’635 participants of the International Spinal Cord Injury Community Survey was used. The hierarchical version of Generalized Partial Credit Model, casted in a Bayesian framework, was used to create a common functioning metric and overall scores. For each country, linear regression was used to investigate associations between functioning, chronological age, age at SCI or time since injury for persons with para- and tetraplegia. Multiple linear regression and the proportional marginal variance decomposition technique were used to identify environmental determinants.

Results

In countries with representative samples older chronological age was consistently associated with a decline in functioning for paraplegia but not for tetraplegia. Age at injury and functioning level were associated, but patterns differed across countries. An association between time since injury and functioning was not observed in most countries, neither for paraplegia nor for tetraplegia. Problems with the accessibility of homes of friends and relatives, access to public places and long-distance transportation were consistently key determinants of functioning.

Conclusions

Functioning is a key health indicator and the fundament of ageing research. Enhancing methods traditionally used to develop metrics with Bayesian approach, we were able to create a common metric of functioning with cardinal properties and to estimate overall scores comparable across countries. Focusing on functioning, our study complements epidemiological evidence on SCI-specific mortality and morbidity in Europe and identify initial targets for evidence-informed policy-making.
The ripple effects of offshoring in the United States: Boosting local productivity and capital investment
Authors: Chairassamee Nattanicha , Hean Oudom
Published: April 2023

We investigate the offshoring effect on local productivity, physical and intellectual capital investment at the U.S. county level from 1999 to 2006. By using regression with fixed effects and instrumental variable to account for possible endogeneity, we find that offshoring can increase overall local productivity and capital investment. Through industry linkages, an increase in productivity and capital investment from offshoring enhances those increases in non-offshoring industries. Industries in both MSA (urban) and non-MSA (rural) counties receive benefits of productivity expansion and capital investment from offshoring. The increased capital investment from offshoring could be a channel of local productivity and capital investment expansion.
Using a topic model to map and analyze a large curriculum
Authors: Takizawa Peter A.
Published: April 2023

A qualitative and quantitative understanding of curriculum content is critical for knowing whether it’s meeting its learning objectives. Curricula for medical education present challenges due to amount of content, the diversity of topics and the large number of contributing faculty. To create a manageable representation of the content in the pre-clerkship curriculum at Yale School of Medicine, a topic model was generated from all educational documents given to students during the pre-clerkship period. The model was used to quantitatively map content to school-wide competencies. The model measured how much of the curriculum addressed each topic and identified a new content area of interest, gender identity, whose coverage could be tracked over four years. The model also allowed quantitative measurement of integration of content within and between courses in the curriculum. The methods described here should be applicable to curricula in which texts can be extracted from materials.
Systematic review on cost-effectiveness analysis of school-based oral health promotion program
Authors: Rochmah Thinni Nurul , Ramadhani Aulia , Bramantoro Taufan , Permata Lucindari Gea , Tun Tin Zar
Published: April 2023

Objective

This study aims to assess the variance of the cost-effectiveness ratio of the school-based oral health promotion and prevention program for elementary school children.

Methods

This review protocol was registered in the international database of Prospectively Registered Systematic Reviews in Health and Social Care (PROSPERO) (No: CRD 42022326734). The search for articles conducted in March-April 2022 focuses on any kind of school-based Promotive and Preventive Program for elementary school children that have control groups, and the outcome was Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER). Grey literatures are not eligible. This review used five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Google Scholar). Two independent reviewers referred to the PICO for inclusion and exclusion criteria and carried out the systematic review process. JBI ACTUARI Guidance for Critical Appraisal of Economic Evaluation Assessment Tools was used to assess the quality of the study.

Results

Of the total 1,473 articles found, there were 5 articles that matched the article search criteria and were included in a systematic review. It was known that the labor cost has a large proportion of the total program cost, and cost-saving programs were found in the two milk fluoridation programs (18.59 USD and 1.7 USD/averted DMF-S), fluoride mouth rinsing program (10.86 USD), and a comprehensive program with glass ionomer cement (461,766.37 USD/averted DALYs).

Conclusion

The fluoride programs and the comprehensive program with glass ionomer cement have the lowest cost-effectiveness ratio.
Predicting microbe organisms using data of living micro forms of life and hybrid microbes classifier
Authors: Raza Ali , Rustam Furqan , Siddiqui Hafeez Ur Rehman , Diez Isabel de la Torre , Ashraf Imran
Published: April 2023

Microbe organisms make up approximately 60% of the earth’s living matter and the human body is home to millions of microbe organisms. Microbes are microbial threats to health and may lead to several diseases in humans like toxoplasmosis and malaria. The microbiological toxoplasmosis disease in humans is widespread, with a seroprevalence of 3.6-84% in sub-Saharan Africa. This necessitates an automated approach for microbe organisms detection. The primary objective of this study is to predict microbe organisms in the human body. A novel hybrid microbes classifier (HMC) is proposed in this study which is based on a decision tree classifier and extra tree classifier using voting criteria. Experiments involve different machine learning and deep learning models for detecting ten different living microforms of life. Results suggest that the proposed HMC approach achieves a 98% accuracy score, 98% geometric mean score, 97% precision score, and 97% Cohen Kappa score. The proposed model outperforms employed models, as well as, existing state-of-the-art models. Moreover, the k-fold cross-validation corroborates the results as well. The research helps microbiologists identify the type of microbe organisms with high accuracy and prevents many diseases through early detection.
Kiñit classification in Ethiopian chants, Azmaris and modern music: A new dataset and CNN benchmark
Authors: Retta Ephrem Afele , Sutcliffe Richard , Almekhlafi Eiad , Enku Yosef Kefyalew , Alemu Eyob , Gemechu Tigist Demssice , Berwo Michael Abebe , Mhamed Mustafa , Feng Jun
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we create EMIR, the first-ever Music Information Retrieval dataset for Ethiopian music. EMIR is freely available for research purposes and contains 600 sample recordings of Orthodox Tewahedo chants, traditional Azmari songs and contemporary Ethiopian secular music. Each sample is classified by five expert judges into one of four well-known Ethiopian Kiñits, Tizita, Bati, Ambassel and Anchihoye. Each Kiñit uses its own pentatonic scale and also has its own stylistic characteristics. Thus, Kiñit classification needs to combine scale identification with genre recognition. After describing the dataset, we present the Ethio Kiñits Model (EKM), based on VGG, for classifying the EMIR clips. In Experiment 1, we investigated whether Filterbank, Mel-spectrogram, Chroma, or Mel-frequency Cepstral coefficient (MFCC) features work best for Kiñit classification using EKM. MFCC was found to be superior and was therefore adopted for Experiment 2, where the performance of EKM models using MFCC was compared using three different audio sample lengths. 3s length gave the best results. In Experiment 3, EKM and four existing models were compared on the EMIR dataset: AlexNet, ResNet50, VGG16 and LSTM. EKM was found to have the best accuracy (95.00%) as well as the fastest training time. However, the performance of VGG16 (93.00%) was found not to be significantly worse (P< 0.01). We hope this work will encourage others to explore Ethiopian music and to experiment with other models for Kiñit classification.
Few-Shot network intrusion detection based on prototypical capsule network with attention mechanism
Authors: Sun Handi , Wan Liang , Liu Mengying , Wang Bo
Published: April 2023

Network intrusion detection plays a crucial role in ensuring network security by distinguishing malicious attacks from normal network traffic. However, imbalanced data affects the performance of intrusion detection system. This paper utilizes few-shot learning to solve the data imbalance problem caused by insufficient samples in network intrusion detection, and proposes a few-shot intrusion detection method based on prototypical capsule network with the attention mechanism. Our method is mainly divided into two parts, a temporal-spatial feature fusion method using capsules for feature extraction and a prototypical network classification method with attention and vote mechanisms. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art methods on imbalanced datasets.
Design-led innovation for more plant-based food: An interdisciplinary approach to more consumer-centric product development
Authors: Gonera Antje , Milford Anna Birgitte , Prexl Katja-Maria , Romm Jonathan , Berget Ingunn , Varela Paula
Published: April 2023

A more plant-based diet will contribute to food sustainability. Achieving this change requires collaboration across disciplines which is not easy to achieve. This article illustrates how interdisciplinary collaboration in a large research project can be facilitated through a design-led innovation process juxtaposing approaches from design and science. Consumer insights were used in creative workshops to ideate and develop packaging and product concepts for plant-based food focusing on ‘environment’, ‘health’ and ‘Norwegian’ design imperatives. Learning loops of alignment – creation – feedback were applied to design and test six packaging prototypes of two product categories (Pea Porridge, Faba Bean Drink). Qualitative feedback was collected from 147 consumers and a quantitative survey with 1102 Norwegian consumers tested product expected liking and product-concept match. Younger consumers and users of plant-based products exhibited a higher expected liking vs. non-users and older respondents. Packaging design adopted for specific consumer segments can positively contribute to a shift to more plant-based diets. We show how a dynamic interdisciplinary innovation approach can be powerful to creating new product ideas, getting consumers’ input and fostering collaboration and learning among disciplines. We offer other researchers and the food industry actionable opportunity areas and design imperatives for their innovation activities around plant-based food.
Single-cell transcriptome profiling reveals distinct expression patterns among genes in the mouse incisor dental pulp
Authors: Enkhmandakh Badam , Bayarsaihan Dashzeveg
Published: April 2023

SOX transcription factors play key roles in cell differentiation and cell fate determination during development. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing data, we examined the expression profiles of Sox genes in the mouse incisor dental pulp. Our analysis showed that Sox4, Sox5, Sox9, Sox11, and Sox12 are mainly expressed in mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) representing osteogenic cells at different stages of differentiation. We found that in several MSCs, Sox genes co-expressed with regulatory genes such as Sp7, Satb2, Msx1, Snai2, Dlx1, Twist2, and Tfap2a. In addition, Sox family genes colocalized with Runx2 and Lef1, which are highly enriched in MSCs undergoing osteoblast differentiation. A protein interaction network analysis uncovered that CREBBP, CEBPB, TLE1, TWIST1, and members of the HDAC and SMAD families are interacting partners of RUNX2 and LEF1 during skeletal development. Collectively, the distinct expression patterns of the SOX transcription factors suggest that they play essential regulatory roles in directing lineage-specific gene expression during differentiation of MSCs.
“더 이상 돌아가기를 원치 않기에” : 『재의 수요일』에서의 앵글로가톨릭적 요소
Authors:   The T. S. Eliot Society Of Korea, JOE Sue-Jean
Published: April 2023

This essay aims to examine the centrality of the Anglo-Catholic doctrines in Eliot’s poem, Ash-Wednesday, as a part of the Anglo-faith which Eliot embraced as his way of life. The poem, as Ronald Schuchard notes in his book, Eliot’s Dark Angel: Intersections of Life and Art, could also be seen as a poem of Eliot’s journey towards penance. The poetic persona offers a prayer to a Lady of Silences—a venerated figure similar to Mary—before he begins his journey. In this way, the title itself has the Anglo-Catholic significance in that Ash Wednesday refers to a period in which people undergo their penance and wait for the Easter. Thus, Anglo-Catholic element plays a crucial role in the poetic narrative. In this way, Ash-Wednesday can be read as an Anglo-Catholic poem in a way different from other poems such as “Journey of the Magi” and Four Quartets, in which Anglo-Catholic or Christian theme appear only occasionally, often, indirectly.
Study on Ethnomedicinal Plants used against diabetes by the tribes of Gajapati district of Odisha: Ethnomedicinal plants used against diabetes
Authors: Jethi Somani , Mishra Sagar Kumar , Satapathy Kunja Bihari
Published: April 2023

The original roots of complementary medicine continue to be found in India, where it is still widely used in public healthcare. Due to the significant rise in frequency in India, diabetes mellitus has recently attracted attention. It is characterized by an increase in blood sugar levels over the threshold and an overflow of added sugar into the urine. The purpose of this research is to look into the traditional medical knowledge of plants used to cure diabetes in the Gajapati district of Odisha. Interactions with the Savara, Shaber, Kandha and Lodha tribes of the district were used to gather information on the anti-diabetic plants. Interacting with the traditional medicine men allowed researchers to chronicle the indigenous knowledge of the plants' anti-diabetic qualities. There are 19 plants in all, spread across 14 families, which have been identified as being used to treat diabetes mellitus. The medicinal plant belonging to the family of Euphorbiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Araceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Apocynaceae and Polypidiaceae are the most frequently used. Roots and leaves were the most frequently used, and decoction extracts were most frequently employed. Our research found a large number of these plants and the products they produce. With more thorough research, the future of diabetes treatment may be promising. For these plants to become recognized as secure and efficient anti-diabetic drugs, additional clinical and pharmaceutical intervention investigations are required.
GlassDB: An Efficient Verifiable Ledger Database System Through Transparency
Authors: Yue Cong , Dinh Tien Tuan Anh , Xie Zhongle , Zhang Meihui , Chen Gang , Ooi Beng Chin , Xiao Xiaokui
Published: April 2023

Verifiable ledger databases protect data history against malicious tampering. Existing systems, such as blockchains and certificate transparency, are based on transparency logs --- a simple abstraction allowing users to verify that a log maintained by an untrusted server is append-only. They expose a simple key-value interface without transactions. Building a practical database from transparency logs, on the other hand, remains a challenge.

In this paper, we explore the design space of verifiable ledger databases along three dimensions: abstraction, threat model, and performance. We survey existing systems and identify their two limitations, namely, the lack of transaction support and the inferior efficiency. We then present GlassDB, a distributed database system that addresses these limitations under a practical threat model. GlassDB inherits the verifiability of transparency logs, but supports transactions and offers high performance. It extends a ledgerlike key-value store with a data structure for efficient proofs, and adds a concurrency control mechanism for transactions. GlassDB batches independent operations from concurrent transactions when updating the core data structures. In addition, we design a new benchmark for evaluating verifiable ledger databases, by extending YCSB and TPC-C benchmarks. Using this benchmark, we compare GlassDB against four baselines: reimplemented versions of three verifiable databases, and a verifiable map backed by a transparency log. Experimental results demonstrate that GlassDB is an efficient, transactional, and verifiable ledger database system.
ELPIS: Graph-Based Similarity Search for Scalable Data Science
Authors: Azizi Ilias , Echihabi Karima , Palpanas Themis
Published: April 2023

The recent popularity of learned embeddings has fueled the growth of massive collections of high-dimensional (high-d) vectors that model complex data. Finding similar vectors in these collections is at the core of many important and practical data science applications. The data series community has developed tree-based similarity search techniques that outperform state-of-the-art methods on large collections of both data series and generic high-d vectors, on all scenarios except for no-guaranteesng-approximate search, where graph-based approaches designed by the high-d vector community achieve the best performance. However, building graph-based indexes is extremely expensive both in time and space. In this paper, we bring these two worlds together, study the corresponding solutions and their performance behavior, and propose ELPIS, a new strong baseline that takes advantage of the best features of both to achieve a superior performance in terms of indexing and ng-approximate search in-memory. ELPIS builds the index 3x-8x faster than competitors, using 40% less memory. It also achieves a high recall of 0.99, up to 2x faster than the state-of-the-art methods, and answers 1-NN queries up to one order of magnitude faster.
PreFair: Privately Generating Justifiably Fair Synthetic Data
Authors: Pujol David , Gilad Amir , Machanavajjhala Ashwin
Published: April 2023

When a database is protected by Differential Privacy (DP), its usability is limited in scope. In this scenario, generating a synthetic version of the data that mimics the properties of the private data allows users to perform any operation on the synthetic data, while maintaining the privacy of the original data. Therefore, multiple works have been devoted to devising systems for DP synthetic data generation. However, such systems may preserve or even magnify properties of the data that make it unfair, rendering the synthetic data unfit for use. In this work, we present PreFair, a system that allows for DP fair synthetic data generation. PreFair extends the state-of-the-art DP data generation mechanisms by incorporating a causal fairness criterion that ensures fair synthetic data. We adapt the notion of justifiable fairness to fit the synthetic data generation scenario. We further study the problem of generating DP fair synthetic data, showing its intractability and designing algorithms that are optimal under certain assumptions. We also provide an extensive experimental evaluation, showing that PreFair generates synthetic data that is significantly fairer than the data generated by leading DP data generation mechanisms, while remaining faithful to the private data.
Oral administration of wild plant‐derived minerals and red ginseng ameliorates insulin resistance in fish through different pathways
Authors: Takase Kiyomi , Kakuta Izuru
Published: April 2023

Many kinds of fish are characterized by a limited efficiency to use carbohydrates. For this reason, raw fish and mixed feed containing a lot of fish meal have been used as feed for fish farming. However, continuing to use high‐protein diets not only increases the cost of fish farming, but may also fuel animal protein shortages. Furthermore, carbohydrates are added to improve the texture of the feed and act as a binding agent and are usually contained at 20% in the feed. It makes sense, therefore, to find ways to make good use of carbohydrates rather than wasting them. The physiological mechanisms of glucose intolerance in fish are not yet well understood. Therefore, we investigated the glucose utilization of fish, omnivorous goldfish Carassius auratus and carnivorous rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Furthermore, the effects of oral administration of wild plant‐derived minerals and red ginseng on the glucose utilization in these fish muscle cells were investigated. As a result, we found the following. (1) An extremely high insulin resistance in fish muscle and the symptom was more pronounced in carnivorous rainbow trout. (2) Administration of wild plant‐derived minerals promotes the translocation of the insulin‐responsive glucose transporter GLUT4 to the cell surface of white muscle via activation of the PI3 kinase axis, whereas administration of red ginseng not only promotes GLUT4 transfer and translocation to the cell surface of white muscle via AMPK activation as well as promoting glucose uptake into muscle cells via a pathway separate from the insulin signaling system. (3) In fish, at least goldfish and rainbow trout, both PI3K/Akt and AMPK signaling cascades exist to promote glucose uptake into muscle cells, as in mammals.
High sodium intake does not worsen low potassium‐induced kidney damage
Authors: Zhang Yahua , Arroyo Juan Pablo , Bock Fabian , Zhang Ming‐Zhi , Harris Raymond C. , Terker Andrew S.
Published: April 2023

High sodium and low potassium intake have both been linked to poor cardiovascular health outcomes and increased mortality rates. A combination of the two is thought to be particularly detrimental. While mechanisms are multiple, the kidney is an important target of harmful effects and low potassium influences on both proximal and distal nephron segments are especially potent. We recently reported that a combined high sodium/low potassium diet causes kidney injury and that low potassium in isolation can have similar effects. However, how sodium intake alters this process is not well‐understood. Here we tested the hypothesis that a high sodium intake amplifies effects of low dietary potassium on kidney injury. We observed adding high sodium to low potassium caused an expected increase in blood pressure, but did not worsen markers of kidney injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. It also did not increase abundance or phosphorylation of the sodium chloride cotransporter or its regulatory kinases, SPAK and OxSR1, known renal targets of low potassium. Findings support the claim that dietary potassium deficiency, and not high sodium, is a dominant factor affecting kidney injury in animal models of high sodium/low potassium intake. This suggests further investigation is required to identify optimal ranges of sodium and potassium intake in both healthy populations and in those with kidney disease.
Multi-response Optimization by Using Taguchi Based Grey Relational Analysis to Develop Chafe Resistance Underwear
Authors: Jamshaid Hafsa , Ahmad Naseer , Khan Awais , Hussain Uzair
Published: April 2023

This paper presents a multi-response optimization technique to study the effect of linear density and fiber blend (%) on the chafe resistance of knitted fabric. As underwear fabrics come in direct contact with the skin, they demand better chafe resistance properties that depend on the frictional behavior of the garments. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of different blends (%) of cotton, Coolmax, and micro polyester fibers, as well as two linear densities, i.e., 24/1s and 30/1s (Ne), on the friction and comfort properties of knitted underwear. The yarns’ frictional coefficient and tensile strength were tested. Thermo-physiological and tactile/hand properties of the knitted fabric were also investigated. It was concluded that both factors, blend % and yarn linear density, influenced fabric comfort properties. Combination of natural and synthetics fibers with finer linear density results in better-performing fabrics with regard to friction and moisture management. The statistical tool, analysis of variance, was used to evaluate the significance of the results. Grey relational analysis (GRA) was performed for the optimization of parameters and the sorting of the samples having the best-required properties. The sample containing 50 % cotton and 50 % micro polyester with a 30/1s yarn count was declared as the best sample based on the GRA.
Increased Network Inhibition in the Dentate Gyrus of Adult Neuroligin-4 Knock-Out Mice
Authors: Muellerleile Julia , Vnencak Matej , Sethi Mohammad Valeed Ahmed , Jungenitz Tassilo , Schwarzacher Stephan W. , Jedlicka Peter
Published: April 2023

Loss-of-function mutations in neuroligin-4 (Nlgn4), a member of the neuroligin family of postsynaptic adhesion proteins, cause autism spectrum disorder in humans. Nlgn4 knockout (KO) in mice leads to social behavior deficits and complex alterations of synaptic inhibition or excitation, depending on the brain region. In the present work, we comprehensively analyzed synaptic function and plasticity at the cellular and network levels in hippocampal dentate gyrus of Nlgn4 KO mice. Compared with wild-type littermates, adult Nlgn4 KO mice exhibited increased paired-pulse inhibition of dentate granule cell population spikes, but no impairments in excitatory synaptic transmission or short-term and long-term plasticityin vivo.In vitropatch-clamp recordings in neonatal organotypic entorhino-hippocampal slice cultures from Nlgn4 KO and wild-type littermates revealed no significant differences in excitatory or inhibitory synaptic transmission, homeostatic synaptic plasticity, and passive electrotonic properties in dentate granule cells, suggesting that the increased inhibitionin vivois the result of altered network activity in the adult Nlgn4 KO. A comparison with prior studies on Nlgn 1–3 knock-out mice reveals that each of the four neuroligins exerts a characteristic effect on both intrinsic cellular and network activity in the dentate gyrusin vivo.
Coumestrol induces oxidative stress and impairs migration and embryonic growth
Authors: Marbrey Margeaux W , Douglas Elizabeth S , Goodwin Emma R , Caron Kathleen M
Published: April 2023

In brief

Healthy development of the placenta is dependent on trophoblast cell migration and reduced oxidative stress presence. This article describes how a phytoestrogen found in spinach and soy causes impaired placental development during pregnancy.

Although vegetarianism has grown in popularity, especially among pregnant women, the effects of phytoestrogens in placentation lack understanding. Factors such as cellular oxidative stress and hypoxia and external factors including cigarette smoke, phytoestrogens, and dietary supplements can regulate placental development. The isoflavone phytoestrogen coumestrol was identified in spinach and soy and was found to not cross the fetal–placental barrier. Since coumestrol could be a valuable supplement or potent toxin during pregnancy, we sought to examine its role in trophoblast cell function and placentation in murine pregnancy. After treating trophoblast cells (HTR8/SVneo) with coumestrol and performing an RNA microarray, we determined 3079 genes were significantly changed with the top differentially changed pathways related to the oxidative stress response, cell cycle regulation, cell migration, and angiogenesis. Upon treatment with coumestrol, trophoblast cells exhibited reduced migration and proliferation. Additionally, we observed increased reactive oxygen species accumulation with coumestrol administration. We then examined the role of coumestrol within an in vivo pregnancy by treating wildtype pregnant mice with coumestrol or vehicle from day 0 to 12.5 of gestation. Upon euthanasia, fetal and placental weights were significantly decreased in coumestrol-treated animals with the placenta exhibiting a proportional decrease with no obvious changes in morphology. Therefore, we conclude that coumestrol impairs trophoblast cell migration and proliferation, causes accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and reduces fetal and placental weights in murine pregnancy.
O projeto C-ORAL-BRASIL
Authors: Raso Tommaso , Mello Heliana , Mittmann Maryualê
Published: April 2023

This paper reports on the C-ORAL-BRASIL Project, a spontaneous speech corpus compilation effort to document Brazilian Portuguese. C-ORAL-BRASIL is a sister project to the European C-ORAL-ROM, and follows its same architecture and compilation parameters. In this paper C-ORAL-BRASIL features are described, the major ensuing studies from it are presented and the new research and corpus compilation efforts under way are introduced.
Problemas de recogida y fijación de muestras del discurso digital
Authors: Cantamutto Lucía , Vela Delfa Cristina
Published: April 2023

One of the challenges faced by the analyst of digital communication consists on the establishment of a corpus that preserve the representativeness and which responds to the nature of these samples of language, in particular as regards two parameters: multimodality and the multi-simultaneity. The article has three objectives. On the one hand, we review the situation of samples of digital speech at international level and specifically for the Spanish.Then, we show a methodological reflection on the problems of collecting and setting of data in the digital speech, from four cornerstones (communicative situation, nature of the data, representativeness of the sample and ethical issues). Finally, we propose guidelines to collect and transcript samples of digital speech (textual or enriched with multimodal data) for the CoDiCE repository feed.
Aportaciones de la Lingüística de Corpus al estudio de la conferencia como género académico de divulgación científica / Corpus Linguistics contributions to the study of conference presentations as an academic discourse
Authors: Robles Garrote Pilar
Published: April 2023

This article aims to present an overview of what the research landscape Corpus Linguistics has contributed to the study of conference presentation as an academic discourse to the dissemination of scientific knowledge. To this end, a brief review is done through various contributions from studies based on the analysis of corpus which in recent years have addressed the scientific conference presentation genre from different perspectives, outlining the empirical approach to this field of Linguistics.
La variazione semasiologica di sottocodice: un esempio di analisi lessicale corpus-based
Authors: Budinich Leo
Published: April 2023

This paper aims to illustrate how corpus linguistics tecniques allow to study the sociolinguistic phenomenon of semasiological variation. Semasiological variation can be described as that kind of lexical variation that implies the presence of two or more semantic meaning-variants for a single form, where the variation between semantic structures can correlate with the variation of social variables. Adopting a prototypically structured model of lexical meaning and using collocation analysis as a means to provide a representation of the usage features exhibited by a lemma in a corpus, assumed as a representative sample of a given sociolinguistic variety, it becomes possible to characterize the different semantic configurations displayed by a lexeme in different language varieties. Four case-studies of Italian lexemes illustrate a possible implementation of this kind of methodology with regards to the sociolinguistic dimension of field variation, using data extracted from the RIDIRE web-corpus.
Determining the functions of second-person pronoun forms cê/ocê/você in Brazilian Portuguese through acoustic analysis
Authors: Ferrari Lúcia de Almeida , Teixeira Bárbara Helohá Falcão
Published: April 2023

This paper presents a research on Brazilian Portuguese second-person pronoun forms cê/ocê/você. Our aim is to propose a new methodology for studying the functional properties of these forms based on the acoustic analysis of spontaneous speech data from the C-ORAL-BRASIL corpus (Raso & Mello 2012). We propose that the possible cliticization and the functional properties of these forms must be assessed through prosodic and distributional, rather than syntactic, criteria.
Is subordination viable? The case of Hebrew ?? 'that'
Authors: Inbar Anna
Published: April 2023

In this paper, patterns of clause combining that include the particle ?? (usually translated as ‘that’, ‘which’) in spontaneous Israeli Hebrew will be discussed. I will suggest a classification of the functions of this particle, which is considered as a subordination marker in Hebrew studies. After tracing the origin of the term subordination in grammar and reviewing some of its traditional and recent grammatical conceptions, I will outline some of the problematic issues in applying the notion of subordination to conversational data. The notion of subordinate clause will be re-examined in light of spoken corpus evidence, based on The Corpus of Spoken Israeli Hebrew (CoSIH). I will then show what can be learned from the phenomenon of clause combining about the processes of formation of syntactic structures from pragmatic ones.
Cognitive and interactional motivations for prosodic phrasing: A corpus-based analysis of the clause in spoken Israeli Hebrew
Authors: Shor Leon
Published: April 2023

Focusing mainly on elicited narrative discourse, past research has tended to explain prosodic phrasing in terms of underlying cognitive motivations, such as memory constraints and processing limitations. However, when one examines instances of prosodic phrasing in conversational discourse, additional types of motivations emerge, namely interactional ones, reflecting speaker’s awareness of the sensitivity of the situation, of the recipient’s emotional and cognitive state, and of the discourse structure of the conversation. In this paper, instances of clauses realized over several prosodic units will be presented, and underlying motivations of such phrasing will be discussed. The suggested conclusion will be that each instance of prosodic phrasing might exhibit, to a varying degree, both cognitive and interactional motivations, stressing the importance of taking into consideration the communicative context within which the analyzed syntactic structure is embedded.
Contribuições prosódicas para a construção da crítica no discuso político
Authors: Moura Leandro
Published: April 2023

This paper aims to investigate the contribution of prosody in the expressions of attitudes in televised political-electoral debates, showing the argumentation role of prosody in these communicative situations. In order to do so, we conducted an acoustic study aiming to observe how the fundamental frequency (F0), the duration and intensity behave in the expression of criticism in statements extracted from four debates with candidates for the Minas Gerais State government in 2014 Brazilian elections. We made measurements in global points of F0 and calculated the articulation and speech rates, together with the average duration of pauses and unstressed syllables, statements’ final tonic syllable and average intensity of utterance. Our results showed that speakers make adjustments in the prosodic parameters during the expression of attitudes and these adjustments work as nuances shaping the criticism. Finally, criticism can be characterized with higher F0 values and different speech rate compared to attitudinally neutral statements.
La influencia de los Tasso en la poesía amorosa de Francisco de Quevedo
Authors: Ceribelli Alessandra
Published: April 2023

La poesía amorosa de Francisco de Quevedo está diseminada por influencias de varios poetas italianos pospetrarquistas, entre los cuales encontramos a Bernardo y Torquato Tasso. Sobre todo en el caso de este último, podemos notar una cercanía en la consideración filosófica del amor, cantando a una dama cruel que deja solo al amante y a un sentimiento poderoso que mueve los planetas pero que ya no es motivo de esperanza.Palabras clave: Francisco de Quevedo, Torquato Tasso, Bernardo Tasso, poesía amorosaL’influenza dei Tasso nella poesia amorosa di Francisco de QuevedoRiassunto: La poesia amorosa di Francisco de Quevedo è disseminata d’influenze di vari poeti italiani post petrarchisti, tra i quali ritroviamo Bernardo e Torquato Tasso. Soprattutto per quanto riguarda quest’ultimo, possiamo notare una vicinanza nella considerazione filosofica dell’amore, cantando una dama crudele che lascia solo l’amante e un sentimento potente che riesce a muovere anche i pianeti, ma che non è già più motivo di speranza.Parole chiave: Francisco de Quevedo, Torquato Tasso, Bernardo Tasso, poesia amorosa.
La visión moral de Luis Buñuel en Nazarín: una emancipación de la novela galdosiana
Authors: Vázquez Couto David
Published: April 2023

La versión cinematográfica de la novela galdosiana Nazarín, dirigida por Luis Buñuel, afronta la problemática de la adaptación como proceso de traducción de la obra. El trasvase del texto escrito al ámbito de la imagen trae consigo, además de la complejidad estructural inherente a cada medio, los elementos creativos del cineasta insertos en el relato. Las aportaciones de Luis Buñuel a la novela transforman el significado del mensaje y lo llevan hacia una nueva dimensión moral que emancipa al film del texto literario.Palabras clave: Luis Buñuel, Benito Pérez Galdós, cine, literatura, adaptación.The moral vision of Luis Buñuel in Nazarín: an emancipation of Galdosian novelAbstract: The film version of galdosian novel Nazarín, directed by Luis Buñuel, confronts the problem of adaptation as a translation of the work. The transfer of written text to the field of image brings with it, besides the structural complexity inherent in each medium, the creative elements of the filmmaker inserted in the story. Luis Buñuel’s contributions to the novel transform the meaning of the message and lead it to a new moral dimension that emancipates the film from the literary text.Key words: Luis Buñuel, Benito Pérez Galdós, cinema, literature, adaptation.
Lo excepcional en la excepción: la estela de la fábula animal en Mario Benedetti y Virgilio Piñera
Authors: Abellán Chuecos Isabel
Published: April 2023

Si bien es sabido que la fábula originalmente no era solamente la de animales, es cierto que a través de las fábulas de La Fontaine la idea que ha ido adentrándose en la sociedad ha sido ésta. En este sentido, nos encontramos con dos autores que siguen esta estela aunque de manera puntual: Mario Benedetti y Virgilio Piñera. Sin embargo, aunque en estos casos la estela sea seguida de forma puntual, no por ello es menos excepcional. Nos encontramos con sendos cuentos que toman este modelo y se desmarcan en el corpus. Son dos muestras anómalas en la producción de los autores que no por ello tienen menos valor. Además, dan un giro a la fábula de animales aunque enraizándose con ella, lo cual presenta un punto de vista muy atractivo.Palabras clave: fábula clásica, fábula animal, recepción, Mario Benedetti, Virgilio Piñera.What’s exceptional in the exception: the trail of the animal fable in the works of Mario Benedetti and Virgilio PiñeraAbstract: It is a well known fact that originally fables were not only about animals, but also, through the fables of La Fontaine, this is the idea that has gone deep into society. In this sense, we find two authors who follow this trail in an unusual, although not exceptional, manner, Mario Benedetti and Virgilio Piñera. We find tales that adopt this model and, at the same time, are distanced in the corpus. There are two anomalous samples in the production of both authors that, despite that fact, aren’t less valuable. On one hand, both stories remain rooted in the tradition, and on the other, they give a twist to animal fables and this show a very attractive point of view.Key words: classic fable, animal fable, reception, Mario Benedetti, Virgilio Piñera.
Analysis of the state of the art in the problem of determining the pose of on-orbit service objects
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Fokov A.A.
Published: April 2023

Recently considerable attention has been paid to the problem of estimating the pose of an on-orbit service object. Determining the pose at a close distance still remains an open line of research, especially for non-cooperative objects (targets) of on-orbit service. The goal of this work is to overview the state of the art in the problem of determining the relative motion parameters of on-orbit service objects with emphasis on close proximity operations with non-cooperative and unknown targets. The method employed is the analysis of publications devoted to this problem over the last decade. The analysis showed the following. Determining the pose of a non-cooperative orbital object using video systems is a classical approach due to the advantages of light weight and low power consumption. Video camera based pose estimation algorithms usually require prior knowledge of the target features. The main methods of pose estimation still involve approaches based on the recognition and correspondence of image features for consecutive frames or with a target model. Another major approach to pose determination is lidar navigation, where the recognition and correspondence of features based on lidar-derived target surface point clouds are also common methods. Recently, a trend has emerged towards the development of non-feature methods for target pose determination, including unknown targets. The three-dimensional nature of lidar point cloud data is favorable for target pose estimation without any target model. As to the applicability of target pose estimation methods to an unknown target, the implementation of the obvious approach based on constructing a three-dimensional model of the target by processing a series of its images prior to estimating its spatial motion takes a lot of time, which is critical in close proximity operations. The trend in target pose estimation is the development of methods for simultaneous estimation of the pose and shape of an unknown object. In general, the case of an unknown object has not yet been fully investigated.