bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Malware victimisation and organisational survival: A multi-method exploration of emerging market
Authors: Ogar James Ajor , Okpa John Thompson , Abang Thelma Aya , Opoh Fredrick Awhen , Uyang Francis Abul , Ikpeme Bassey Ballantyne , Eneji Rosemary Ine , Bassey Augustine Eze , Bisong Patrick Owan , Ezikeudu Chukwudi Charles , Ebong Edem
Published: September 2023

The internet has gained widespread acceptance globally since its inception. However, the escalating threats associated with this acceptance are alarming, as cyber fraudsters continually imitate and execute grievous attacks on corporate entities. While much is known about the various dimensions of malware attacks and defense (Sharmeen et al., 2019), little attention has been given to how malware affects the socio-economic survival of organizations in Nigeria, particularly in Cross River State. This article aims to bridge this knowledge gap by presenting empirical evidence on how malware victimization impacts organizational survival in the study area. Through the use of questionnaires and in-depth interviews, a sample of 1,074 research participants, including bank staff, industrial workers, and telecommunication staff, was selected from Cross River State using a multi-stage sampling technique. The findings reveal a significant increase in malware victimization among corporate organizations in Cross River State, resulting in severe consequences for their socio-economic development. To mitigate these risks, the study recommends that organizations strengthen their network security, implement comprehensive cybersecurity awareness training programs for employees, adopt advanced detection and response technologies, and employ mobile security solutions or business internet traffic security measures to ensure their safety.
The relationships between body-related emotion intolerance and restrictive eating as a function of multidimensional perfectionism
Authors: Quesnel Danika A. , Solomon-Krakus Shauna , Uliaszek Amanda , Sabiston Catherine
Published: September 2023

Objective: Emotion intolerance and perfectionism are two
maintaining mechanisms to eating disorder psychopathology. However, it
is unclear how these mechanisms relate to one another. This study
explored whether perfectionism is a vulnerability factor for facets of
restrictive eating in the context of body-related emotions.
Methods: Female undergraduate students ( N=148)
completed questionnaires assessing baseline levels of self-critical
perfectionism and personal standards perfectionism. Participants then
engaged in an ecological momentary assessment protocol where
body-related emotion intolerance and restrictive eating facets
(cognitive restraint and behavioural restriction) were assessed over 10
consecutive days. Multi-level modeling and simple slopes analysis were
used to explore these moderated relationships. Results: Based
on the analyses, both self-critical and personal standards perfectionism
dimensions interacted with body-related emotion intolerance to predict
increases in restrictive eating facets. Conclusion: These
findings indicate that personal standards perfectionism, though
conceptualized as the less maladaptive dimension of perfectionism,
should not be ignored in eating disorder conceptualizations and
treatments. Recommendations are provided on how to refine treatment
targets to be more attuned with situations that elicit body-related
emotion intolerance.
A biogeochemical model of acidification: MAGIC is alive and well
Authors: Norling Magnus , Kaste Øyvind , Wright Richard
Published: September 2023

For 40 years MAGIC has been used to simulate the acidification of soils
and waters due to acid deposition. The original model has now been
updated and re-implemented in the C++ Mobius platform and is available
as open source. New features include multipoint calibration, forest
growth, and a soil carbon module. The Mobius platform facilitates
automatic optimisation of calibrated parameters and
multiple-calibrations using Monte-Carlo routines. The usefulness of
MAGIC is demonstrated by application to the 50-year data series for
deposition and runoff at Birkenes, a small, calibrated catchment in
southern Norway. Acid deposition has declined dramatically at Birkenes
since the peak in the 1970s. Sulphate is 90% lower. Stream water has
recovered strongly. Decreased concentrations of sulphate have led to
increased acid neutralising capacity, pH and reduced concentrations of
toxic aluminium. These changes are well-simulated by MAGIC. The new
features added as part of Mobius improve the simulations. The
MAGIC-Mobius modelling tool is now available for applications to
scenarios of land-use and climate change.
Comparative Analysis of Lipid Oxidation Stability and Bioaccessibility in Krill Oil Emulsions: Microfluidization vs. High-Pressure Homogenization
Authors: Huang Jia-rong , Zhang Jian-run , Zhang Jing , Shao Zhen-wen , Zhou Dayong , Song Liang
Published: September 2023

This study conducted a thorough investigation into the impact of two
emulsification techniques, namely high-pressure homogenization (HPH) and
microfluidization (MF), on the emulsification of krill oil. The
comprehensive analysis encompassed various aspects, including particle
size characterization, structural assessment, oxidative stability
evaluation during storage, measurement of bioaccessibility, and in vitro
simulated digestion analysis. Emulsions produced through MF exhibited
several noteworthy advantages over those generated by HPH. Most
prominently, MF-prepared emulsions featured smaller and more uniformly
distributed particles, in stark contrast to the less uniform particles
generated by HPH. Moreover, MF-based emulsions demonstrated
significantly enhanced oxidative stability during storage, with
astaxanthin degradation occurring at a substantially lower rate (38.11%
for HPH compared to 89.44% for MF). When assessing emulsion behavior
during in vitro simulated digestion, microfluidization formulations
exhibited superior stability and markedly higher bioaccessibility in
comparison to their HPH counterparts. Of particular significance was the
remarkable increase in the release of free fatty acids observed during
the intestinal phase of digestion in MF emulsions, indicating an
improved lipid digestion process. This study firmly establishes
microfluidization as the superior method for crafting emulsions of krill
oil, especially within the context of the food industry.
Microfluidization not only ensures the preservation of oil quality
during storage but also significantly enhances emulsion stability and
promotes improved digestibility. These findings hold substantial promise
for the development of delivery systems for n-3 fatty acids, making them
suitable for incorporation into a wide range of commercial food,
beverage, and pharmaceutical products.
Engineering yeast lipids for production of designer biodiesel
Authors: Ouellet Benjamin , Abdel-Mawgoud Ahmad
Published: September 2023

Biodiesels constitute a growing class of fuel in the world which is
increasingly inclined towards more ecological and sustainable energy.
Despite their advantages, biodiesels are of limited cold flow properties
and of larger NOx emissions, which are mostly attributed to the chemical
composition of their oil feedstocks. This study presents a novel
approach to produce Genetically Engineered Biodiesel from genetically
manipulated oleaginous yeast oils for improving biodiesel properties and
performances. Using full-factorial central composite design, the best
chemical composition of an optimal biodiesel was predicted. Then, simple
and combined MFE1, PEX10 and POX2 mutants of the oleaginous yeast
Yarrowia lipolytica were constructed and showed interesting lipid
profiles whose biodiesel is predicted to have better cold flow
properties. These mutants showed also higher lipid titers by 2-3 folds
compared to the parent strain. This study provides a genetic engineering
strategy for tailor design of biodiesel properties and performance.
The cause of negative CO2 forcing at the top-of-atmosphere: the role of stratospheric vs. tropospheric temperature inversions
Authors: Chen Yan-Ting , Merlis Timothy , Huang Yi
Published: September 2023

Increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere usually reduces
Earth’s outgoing longwave radiation (OLR). The unusual case of
Antarctica, where CO2 enhances OLR and implies a negative forcing, has
previously been explained by the strong near-surface inversion or
extremely low surface temperature. However, negative forcing can
occasionally be found in the Arctic and tropics where neither of these
explanations applies. Here, we examine the changes in infrared opacity
from CO2 doubling in these low or negative forcing climate states, which
shows the predominant role of the stratospheric contribution to the
broadband forcing. Negative forcing in today’s climate demands a
combination of strong negative forcing caused by a steep stratospheric
temperature inversion and a weaker positive forcing in the atmospheric
window, which can be caused by a low surface temperature or a strong
high cloud masking effect. Contrary to conventional wisdom, the
near-surface inversion has little impact on the forcing.
Space-time monitoring of seafloor velocity changes using seismic ambient noise
Authors: Guo Peng , Saygin Erdinc , Kennett Brian L. N.
Published: September 2023

We use seismic ambient noise recorded by dense ocean bottom nodes (OBNs)
in the Gorgon gas field, Western Australia, to compute time-lapse
seafloor models of shear-wave velocity. The extracted hourly
cross-correlation (CC) functions in the frequency band 0.1 – 1 Hz
contain mainly Scholte waves with very high signal to noise ratio. We
observe temporal velocity variations (dv/v) at the order of 0.1% with a
peak velocity change of 0.8% averaged from all station pairs, from the
conventional time-lapse analysis with the assumption of a spatially
homogeneous dv/v. With a high-resolution reference (baseline) model from
full waveform inversion of Scholte waves, we present an elastic wave
equation based double-difference inversion (EW-DD) method, using arrival
time differences between the reference and time-lapsed Scholte waves,
for mapping temporally varying dv/v in the heterogeneous subsurface. The
time-lapse velocity models reveal increasing/decreasing patterns of
shear-wave velocity in agreement with those from the conventional
analysis. The velocity variation exhibits a ~24-hour
cycling pattern, which appears to be inversely correlated with sea level
height, possibly associated with dilatant effects for porous,
low-velocity shallow seafloor and rising pore pressure with higher sea
level. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using dense passive
seismic surveys for quantitative monitoring of subsurface property
changes in the horizontal and depth domain.
Intercalibration of multiple thermochonometric systems at the Little Devil's Postpile contact aureole
Authors: Shuster David L , Reiners Peter W , Karlstrom Leif , Schmidt Jennifer L , Zeitler Peter K
Published: September 2023

A fundamental assumption in thermochronology is extrapolation of kinetic
parameters over geologic timescales, temperatures, and mineral
compositions that often differ significantly from the laboratory
conditions used to quantify them. In this study, we aim to test and
intercalibrate kinetic parametersof multiple thermochronometric systems
using a tractable, natural thermal perturbation associated with the
emplacement of a small, young basalt intrusion into granite in the
Sierra Nevada, the site of the classic study of Calk and Naeser (1973).
We collected a suite of samples along a linear transect orthogonal to
the contact, from which the minerals apatite, zircon, titanite, epidote,
magnetite, biotite, horneblende, K-feldspar, and plagioclase were
separated. Our results to date reveal that the (U-Th)/He system in
apatite was completely reset within ~7 m of the contact
during basalt emplacement ~8 Ma. At distances
>16 m from the contact, the apatite He ages are uniformly
~58 Ma, which likely represents the background (i.e.,
unperturbed) cooling ages of the granite. Apatite 4 He/ 3 He
thermochronometry and an observed transition from background-to
rest-ages of these samples are quantitatively consistent with a higher
degree of thermal perturbation nearer to the contact. As predicted by
our current quantification of radiation damage accumulation influence on
He diffusion kinetics (Flowers et al, 2009), we observe correlation
between the “effective uranium” concentration and He ages of
individual apatite crystals, particularly within this transition zone.
In contrast, the (U-Th)/He system in zircon is only partially reset
~7 m from the contact, and the background cooling ages
at distances >10 m are ~78 Ma, consistent
with a 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age-spectrum from a distal K-feldspar that rises
from ~70 to ~80 Ma; both observations
are consistent with the relative, experimentally determined temperature
sensitivities of these minerals. We present ongoing numerical modeling
that provides a framework with which to quantitatively compare and
assess these results with forthcoming 40 Ar/ 39 Ar and fission track
results in various mineral systems. Inversion of data using these
multi-material conductive models will be used to assess the sensitivity
of results to assumptions about geometry (1D, 2D, 3D), duration of
basalt emplacement, and pre-intrusion cooling rate.
Climatology of the Residual Mean Circulation of the Martian Atmosphere and Contributions of Resolved and Unresolved Waves Based on EMARS
Authors: Asumi Anzu , Sato Kaoru , Kohma Masashi , Hayashi Yoshi-Yuki
Published: September 2023

The objective of this study was to examine both the climatology of the
residual mean circulation, and the roles of resolved wave (RW) and
unresolved wave (UW) forcings over four Mars years, based on the
transformed Eulerian mean equation system using the EMARS reanalysis
dataset. While RW forcing was estimated directly as Eliassen–Palm flux
divergence, the forcing by UWs, including subgrid-scale gravity waves,
was estimated indirectly using the zonal momentum equation. This
indirect method, devised originally for study of Earth’s middle
atmosphere, is applicable to latitudinal regions having angular momentum
isopleths connected from the surface to the top of the atmosphere, which
are usually mid- and high-latitude regions. In low latitudes of the
winter hemisphere, a strong residual mean poleward flow is observed at
an altitude range of 40–80 km, where the latitudinal gradient of the
absolute angular momentum is small. The strong poleward flow crosses the
isopleths of angular momentum in the regions of its northern and
southern ends, indicating the necessity of the wave forcing. Our results
suggest that the structure of the residual mean circulation at mid- and
high-latitude regions is largely determined by UW forcing, particularly
above the altitude of 60 km, whereas the RW contribution is also large
below the altitude of 60 km.
A cadaveric study of anatomical variations of the radial nerve and their clinical significance
Authors: Aksic Milan , Djurdjevic Katarina , Kapor Slobodan , Puskas Laslo , Eric Drazan , Stijak Lazar , Aleksic Dubravka , Aleksandric Dejan , Malis Milos , Djulejic Vuk
Published: September 2023

Background/Aim. The radial nerve (RN) is the largest terminal branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. Upon leaving the axilla, the RN moves to the posterior compartment of the arm, where it makes close contact with the humerus. By penetrating the lateral intermuscular septum, RN enters the anterior compartment and, in the very proximity of the lateral epicondyle, divides into two terminal branches. The anatomy of this nerve is characterized by remarkable variability, the knowledge of which is of utmost importance in the fields of orthopedics and traumatology. The aim of the study was to examine the anatomy of the RN, including two parameters: the location and the way the RN divides into terminal branches, with a particular emphasis on the clinical implications of this data. Methods. The research was conducted on 27 cadavers, 15 female and 12 male, with a total of 54 upper extremities. After careful dissection, variations in the location and way of termination of the RN were observed on both the right and left hands. Collected data were then analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel. A classification where the division of the RN into terminal branches above the biepicondylar line (BEL) is defined as type A, while the division of RN below BEL is defined as type B was used. Results. According to the proposed classification, we observed a higher incidence of type A (66.7%) compared to type B (33.3%) in the total sample of 54 extremities. In addition, a higher prevalence of type A was observed in the female population, while a higher prevalence of type B was observed in the male population. There were differences in the distribution of types A and B between the left and right arms, but there were no variations in the way of termination of the RN. Conclusion. The present study showed an important complexity in the domain of RN anatomy with significant clinical implications. With that in mind, it is crucial for every patient that the limits of safe zones be defined while performing surgical procedures in the elbow to protect the RN and its branches from iatro-genic injuries.
Distribución de Poisson en el análisis de defunciones en menores de un año
Authors:   Universidad Estatal de Bolívar Ecuador, Argüello Pazmiño Verónica Janeth , Cargua Suárez Salomón Rodrigo ,   Universidad Estatal de Bolívar Ecuador, Argüello Pazmiño Andrés Miguel ,   Universidad Metropolitana del Ecuador, Argüello Pazmiño Alexandra Maribel ,   Universidad Estatal de Bolívar Ecuador
Published: September 2023

En la Universidad hemos sido abrumados con mucha información dejando de lado la importancia que tiene dicha información en la aplicación de los conocimientos y arremetiendo al docente en la clase, es así que invitamos en la presente investigación a caracterizar y modelar las muertes en menores de un año, mediante modelos lineales generalizados a través de la distribución de Poisson. Este estudio tuvo una investigación descriptiva puesto que se aplicó un análisis exploratorio que permitió conocer la tasa de mortalidad y que causas de muerte son las más influyentes, se contó con una investigación correlacional, con el número de eventos en menores de un año que va a permitir modelar los datos de conteo y se verificó la medida de calidad del modelo mediante AIC. Las estimaciones de los coeficientes del modelo, se verificó que todas las variables son significativas debido a que tiene el valor p menor que el nivel de significancia de 0.05. Finalmente la regresión de Poisson es la que mejor se ajusta a los datos, además tiene un 𝑅2 de 0.858 y un AIC de 650.72, se concluye que el modelo puede utilizar datos de mortalidad infantil de menores de un año de todo el Ecuador.
Respons i fokus. Lärares normer och attityder till andraspråksdrag i studenttexter
Authors: Eklund Heinonen Maria , Nyroos Lina
Published: September 2023

Under två decennier har högre utbildning haft breddad rekrytering som målsättning, vilket har fört med sig nya och mer heterogena studentgrupper. En av dessa är studenter med annat modersmål än svenska, och återkommande tenderar deras skrivförmåga att fokuseras i debatten. Att skrivande är sammankopplat med det sociala sammanhang där skrivandet sker har beskrivits väl inom fältet Academic Literacies. I den här artikeln presenteras en studie med fokus på lärares attityder och förhållningssätt till andraspråksstudenters skrivande. Syftet med studien är att belysa normer som präglar skrivandets sammanhang, för att på så vis få en bättre bild av de förutsättningar som präglar och omgärdar andraspråksstudenters skrivande i olika ämnen under deras utbildningsprogram. För att undersöka detta har lärares skriftliga respons som rör språket analyserats med avstamp i teorier om respons. De lärare som skrivit responsen har också intervjuats om sin respons med hjälp av stimulated recall-teknik. Resultaten visar att lärarnas respons präglas av deras egna erfarenheter, syn på skrivprocessen samt den egna rollen inom utbildningen. Sammantaget visar undersökningen att bristen på kollegial samsyn mellan ämnen inom programmet ger utrymme för parallella normer att existera, vilket resulterar i att studenterna möter ett brett spann av förväntningar på hur texter ska utformas. 
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Response in focus. Teachers’ norms and attitudes towards second language structures in student texts
For two decades, it has been a statutory provision in the Higher Education Act to strive for widening participation. This has led to new and more diverse student groups, one of which being students with a mother tongue other than Swedish. Recurrently, their writing ability tends to be focused in the debate. In the field of Academic Literacies, writing is considered to be a socioculturally rooted practice, in which teachers’ attitudes strongly impact the writing process. This article presents a study of teachers’ attitudes towards second language students’ writing, aiming to shed light on norms and conditions surrounding L2 students’ academic writing. Teachers’ written feedback concerning linguistic features has been analysed based on theories on feedback practices. The same teachers have also been interviewed regarding their feedback, using stimulated recall-technique. The results show that the teachers’ feedback reflect different perspectives on the writing process, as well as their own role in the education system. In sum, the study shows that the lack of collegial consensus allows for parallel norms to exist, which results in the students within the same educational program being exposed to a wide range of expectations regarding how texts ought to be written.
Dushta Vrana W.S.R. to Varicose Ulcer - A Standpoint through Ancient Discipline
Authors: Sud* Sushant
Published: September 2023

Although varicose veins were probably recognized in pre-history, the first written reference appears to be the Ebers papyrus, dated 1550 BC. However, Hippocrates was the first to note the association between venous veins and ulceration. During roman times, a number of physicians including Galen, Celsus, Aetius of aminda and Paules Aegien advised avulsion and cauterization for treatment of varicose veins and the use of bandages for the treatment of leg ulcers. In 10th to the 18th century, various physicians attributed ulceration of the legs to the accumulation of black bile, menstrual blood. They believed that ulceration in the legs served a useful purpose in getting rid of these vile substances. In 19th century various authors like Brodie, Astley Cooper, and Hodgson stressed the importance of leg ulceration and the term Varicose Ulcer was coined [1]. Even in our Ayurvedic classics the explanation of wound and its management were being explained in detail since the pre- vedic period.
Health, Illness, Yoga
Authors: F* Lorin
Published: September 2023

T. Krishnamacharya’s teachings on yoga have spread throughout the world through four of his students: BKS IYENGAR, PATTABHI JOY, TKV, DESIKACHAR, T. SHRIBASHYAM, and the latest two being his sons. I had the privilege to meet TKV Desikachar in 1965 in Gstaad, Switzerland when he was the guest of Jiddu Krishnamurti to whom he was then giving âsana-s and prânâyâma s courses. When I started taking classes with him in 1966, in Chennai, I was surprised and fullfilled when I understood it was 121 courses. Furthermore, during the rather lengthy span of years I returned to study with him, from 1966 to the end of the eighties, I could appreciate the evolution, adaptation and deepening of their teachings, his' and his father's. The first years, the stress was put on learning âsana-s and prânâyâma-s as adaptables tools for health and well-being, together with the in depth study of Patanjali's masterly yoga reference book : yoga sugar. In the course of time, I understood how to apply the numerous means which yoga offers: âsana-s, prânâyâma-s, bandha-s, mudra-s, dharana-s, dhyana, etc. not only as ways to realize the inner self, Consciousness, but also how to help people with physical disabilities or mental illnesses. Moreover it unable me to show a holistic, a deep, a joyous approach to living, helping them to free themselves from fear, addictions, stress and the like.
Soil is Life and the Importance of Asking Questions
Authors: Hague* Andrew
Published: September 2023

Life on land depends on soil. From it grow plants that feed animals. If the soil is impoverished then so is food and health suffers
Antimicrobial Properties of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Lantana camara (L) and its Effect on the Powdery Mildew of Coccinia grandis (L)
Authors: NN Kulkarni
Published: September 2023

The growing population of human beings is demanding more food from the land under cultivation. It means that the cultivators use better varieties which will give higher yields per unit land. Secondly it has become a practice to do Integrated Disease Management to protect the crop from many diseases (especially of fungal origin). Synthetic chemicals are no doubt being used for this purpose, but these pose a threat to the biodiversity of the environment by their residual effect. Scientist is now looking at biological alternative for this purpose. One such disease is the mildew on various vegetable, fruit and flowering plants. These are very difficult to manage once these are seen. These diseases spread like wild fire and put the plant under severe stress by reducing their photosynthetic activities. One such weed – Lantana camara (L) has been studied for its antimicrobial properties. Methodology: The leaves of the plant were collected and dried in shade. These were pulverized and then extracted in deionized water and ethanol. The anti-microbial properties were studied using the agar well method. Finally field trials were carried out by spraying the extracts on infected leaves. Results: The ethanolic extracts showed marked antifungal properties against Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus oryzea whereas the aqueous extract were showing some anti-bacterial properties. The field trials showed that the ethanolic extract could clear more than 50% of the leaf surface with improved photosynthesis. Conclusion: The leaf extract of Lantana camara has the potential to be used as an anti-fungal agent against diseases like powdery mildew.
Phytotherapeutic Practices of a Folk Medicinal Practitioner in Tangail District, Bangladesh: Comparison with Ayurvedic Uses
Authors: AA Shorna
Published: September 2023

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to document the therapeutic uses of plants by a folk medicinal practitioner (FMP) in Tangail district, Bangladesh and compare such uses with Ayurvedic uses. Methods: Interviews of the FMP was conducted with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire and the guided field- walk method. Plant specimens were photographed and identified by a competent botanist and deposited at the Medicinal Plant Collection Wing of the University of Development Alternative. Results: The FMP was observed to use a total of nine plants to treat a number of ailments including diabetes, obesity, rheumatism, filariasis, gastrointestinal disorders, reproductive disorders, cardiovascular disorders, respiratory disorders, abscess, thyroid problems, snake bite, fever, high cholesterol, aging, and cancer. Conclusion: Comparison of the folk medicinal uses of the plants with established Ayurvedic uses suggests that at least a part of the knowledge of the FMP may have been derived from Ayurvedic practices
VARIETIES OF MEDIA DISCOURSE IN RESEARCH OF THE UNIVERSITY OF RZESZOW COMMUNICATION PRAGMATICS DEPARTMENT
Authors:   Instytut Polonistyki i Dziennikarstwa Kolegium Nauk Humanistycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Poland, Filip Grażyna , Majchrowska Justyna ,   Instytut Polonistyki i Dziennikarstwa Kolegium Nauk Humanistycznych, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Poland
Published: September 2023

The Internet, as a new medium, has quickly led to a change in patterns of discourse genres. Contemporary research in this field mainly concerns the description and the assessment of the implementation of linguistic and communication phenomena, with the determination of their aspects. Such a descriptive-prescriptive research method is recommended by media linguistics (cf. 29: 2014a), as it enables to notice the state and degree of transformation of each variety representatives, and in the future it may be used as a comparative material in linguistic and cultural studies. The following article includes an analysis of the media discourse as well as an indication of the direction of research led by the employees of the University of Rzeszów Communication Pragmatics Department in order to popularize research and encourage scientists from around the world to cooperate. The text is divided into two parts. Each of them involves a different type of media discourse, including the review one (Non-genreness as a feature of film review discourse. Journalism of Zygmunt Kałużyński and Tomasz Raczek by Grażyna Filip) and the Internet one (Internet website as a genre in the form of a collection in the Internet discourse by Justyna Majchrowska). Both of the mentioned subdiscourses constitute specific part which can be used as a starting point in further analyses. Specifying each of the discourses – as part of the case of study and the descriptive method – is intended to indicate the possibility of further research in this field. The discussed analyses – a case study and a descriptive one, show the potential of the media discourse which has become a determinant of research conducted at the University of Rzeszow Communication Pragmatics Department. Multi-species closed in sub-discourses shows hybridity, and is also the effect of genological reductionism, which are the implementation of contemporary tendencies.
Analisis komponen bioaktif dan atribut sensori seduhan kopi Arabika Kalosi Enrekang dengan pengolahan pascapanen berbeda [Analysis of bioactive compounds and sensory attributes of Kalosi-Enrekang Arabica coffee prepared different postharvest processing]
Authors: Yulianti Yulianti , Adawiyah Dede Robiatul , Herawati Dian , Indrasti Dias , Andarwulan Nuri
Published: September 2023

Postharvest processing affects the chemical components and sensory attributes of coffee beans. This  study aimed to evaluate the effect of postharvest processing on caffeoylquinic acids and alkaloids (bioactive compounds) and sensory attributes (aroma and taste) of brewed coffee. Coffee beans of Kalosi-Enrekang were processed using three postharvest processing methods (honey, natural, and full-washed), roasted at a medium degree, and brewed with tubruk brewing techniques. Bioactive compounds were analyzed using UPLC-PDA and sensory attributes were analyzed using the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis method. The data were analyzed using single-factor ANOVA and Principal Component Analysis. The research showed that postharvest processing did not affect the bioactive compound of brewed coffee. Postharvest processing affected the aroma and taste attributes of brewed coffee. Natural processing had dominant attributes of fruity, spicy, sweet, and caramelized. Honey processing had dominant attributes of nutty and roasted, while full-washed processing did not have dominant attributes. The result also showed that caffeoylquinic acids and alkaloids did not affect coffee brewed's aroma and taste attributes.
Profil gelatinisasi, karakteristik mikrobiologi dan sifat fungsional pati jagung ketan terfermentasi [Gelatinization profile, microbiological characteristics and funtional properties of fermented waxy corn starch]
Authors: Une Suryani , Killa Rizky , Ahmad Lisna , Antuli Zainudin , Panggi Husain
Published: September 2023

Waxy corn (AJU1) is widely cultivated in Gorontalo Province, but its utilization is limited to corn on cobs.  A potential diversified product of processed waxy corn to be developed is waxy corn starch. One simple method to improve the functional properties of waxy corn starch is fermentation. This study aimed to determine the effect of different fermentation conditions and fermentation times on the gelatinization profile and functional properties of waxy  corn starch. The research method used a completely randomized factorial design with two treatment factors namely fermentation conditions (aerobic and anaerobic) and fermentation time (3, 6, and 9 days).  Results showed that the fermentation conditions significantly affected property of waxy corn starch.  During fermentation, there was a change in the number of cells of lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and mold. The gelatinization profile of  fermented waxy corn starch was to have resistant to stirring and high temperatures and reduced its retrogradation tendency. The fermentation process also changed the functional properties of glutinous corn starch, namely an increase in solubility, swelling, and acidity (decrease in pH).Keywords: aerobic, anaerobic, fermentation, starch, glutinous corn [AJU1]
The Provision of Dowry in Iranian Civil Law according to Imamiyah School
Authors: Hidayah Okti Nur Hidayah
Published: September 2023

In Iranian wedding tradition, the dowry (mahr) is not paid upfront as done in Arab culture, and there is no set deadline for its payment. The regulations regarding dowry in Iran are outlined in the Civil Code of the Islamic Republic of Iran, which states that anything that can be considered property, owned, and controlled can be designated as dowry. In the subsequent article, it is explained that dowry can be entirely or partially deferred. This article aims to elucidate the concept of deferred dowry (mahar dihutang) in Iranian civil law from the perspective of the Imamiyah School of Thought, which is the predominant school of thought in Iran. This study is conducted through a literature review with a normative approach. The research findings reveal that items eligible to be considered as dowry are those with an associated market value, in alignment with the principles of the Imamiyah school. Deferred dowry is permitted within the Imamiyah school, but when the husband is incapable of paying the dowry, the wife is allowed to make a decision to abstain from conjugal relations with him. This, however, cannot be used as a reason for divorce. In Iran, there exists a phenomenon known as "mahar prisoner" for husbands who fail to pay the dowry in full after marriage.
Çanakkale Cephesi’ne Ait Yeni Askerî Veriler Işığında Kayıp Şehitler ve Kayıp Bir Batarya Şehitliğinin Tespiti
Authors: KARATAŞ Murat
Published: September 2023

Milli Savunma Bakanlığı tarafından 1998 yılında yayınlanan beş ciltlik Şehitlerimiz isimli eser, arşiv kayıtlarına göre hazırlanması bakımından konu ile ilgili ana kaynak olarak kullanılan en temel eserler arasındadır. Ancak savaşlar zamanında tutulan harp cerideleri ile diğer askerî ve resmî evraklara yansıyan şehitlere dair veriler de ana kaynak niteliğindedir; birinci el rafine bilgi sağlamaktadır.

Bu makalede, Birinci Dünya Savaşı sırasında Çanakkale Cephesi’ndeki İntepe-Çakaltepe mıntıkasında görevli iken şehit olanlara dair Milli Savunma Bakanlığı tarafından yayınlanan Şehitlerimiz isimli eserdeki veriler ile 1915 yılına dair Osmanlı askeri arşiv belgelerinde yeni ortaya çıkan verilerin karşılaştırılması yoluyla aradaki farklar ortaya çıkarılmış; bu yolla, eksik veya hatalı bilgilerin giderilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca günümüzde bahsi geçen mıntıka içerisinde mevcut olmayan ancak 1915 yılında mevcut olduğu anlaşılan bir Batarya Şehitliği hakkında yeni tarihsel askerî veriler sunulmuştur.
KONSEP MAQASID AS SYARIAH DALAM PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Alwi Muhammad , Kara Muslimin , Abdullah M. Wahyuddin , Fachrurrazy Muhammad
Published: September 2023

Artikel ini memiliki tujuan mendeksripsikan mekanisme perbankan syariah, konsep maqasid syariah dan implementasi maqasid syariah pada perbankan syariah. Kajian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian perpustakaan (library research). Di mana sumber data utama dikaji dari berbagai sumber relavan dengan tema kajian baik dari jurnal ilmiah, buku dan berbagai sumber lain yang mendukung. Kajian penelitian mengungkapakan bahwa Perbankan syariah dalam menjalankana kegiatan bisnis syariah mengaju pada ketentuan undang-undang perbankan syariah Pasal 1 ayat 20-25 dan ayat 28, terkait tentang  Simpanan, Pembiayaan, dan jasa yang ditawarkan perbankan syariah. Selain itu perbankan syariah juga menerima dan mengelola dana zakat, infaq dan sedekah, hibah dan wakaf. Konsep maqasid syariah yaitu mengaju pada kemaslahatan sebagaimana tujuan syariat itu sendiri, Imam Syatibi merumuskan konsep maqasid menjadi tiga yaitu, yaitu: Dharuriyat, Hajiyat dan Tahsiniyat. sementara konsep maqasid syariah yang ditawarkan oleh Abu Sahra membagi dalam tiga aspek yaitu Tahzibul Fardi (Mendidik Individu), Iqamah al Adl (Menegakan Keadilan), dan Maslahah (Public Interest). Implementasi konsep maqasid syariah pada PT. Bank Muamalat sudah diterapkan dengan baik  maqasid syariah pada PT Bank Muamalat Indonesia sudah diterapkan, selain itu program kerja CSR BRI Syariah menjadi indikator pelaksanana konsep maqasid syariah dan mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Perbankan syariah di Indonesia pada tahun 2017-2020 berdasarkan indeks maqasid syariah menununjukkan capaian kinerja yang baik.
Sustainable investment strategies in the palm oil industry in Indonesia
Authors: Yuslaini Nina , Sumadinata R. Widya Setiabudi , Fedryansyah Muhammad , Abdillah Abdillah , Prianto Andi Luhur , Febriyanti Doris
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to look at the negative environmental impacts and social problems, which require a government response to maintain the sustainability of the palm oil industry. This research uses Online Research Methods (ORMs) to collect data and information through the internet and other digital technologies. The collected data was then coded using Nvivo 12 Plus. The purpose of this study is to fill the research void left by previous researchers by analyzing investment strategies and services in supporting the sustainability of the palm oil industry in Riau Province. This study shows that to support the potential of the palm oil industry to remain optimal, the central and local governments coordinate to provide investment services and pay attention to the sustainability issues of the palm oil industry. Some important aspects to consider are strengthening regulations, an integrated plantation licensing system, improving access to markets, RSPO certification, realization of foreign investment, downstream industry, replanting programme, plantation revitalisation programme, and sustainable plantation partnerships. However, there are still some crucial challenges, particularly land conflicts, climate change, environmental issues, limited technology and innovation, and export market dependence. These challenges may hamper future investment opportunities.
Analysis of 2,570 responses to Dog Aging Project End of Life Survey demonstrates that euthanasia is associated with cause of death but not age
Authors: Pearson Elizabeth B. , Hoffman Jessica M. , Melvin Rachel L. , McNulty Kellyn E. , _ _ , Creevy Kate E. , Ruple Audrey
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE

The Dog Aging Project End of Life Survey was used to evaluate factors associated with manner of death (euthanasia vs unassisted death), including cause of death (CoD), reason for euthanasia (RFE) if performed, medical symptoms, old age characteristics, and perimortem quality of life (QoL).

SAMPLE

Responses collected between the End of Life Survey launch (January 20, 2021) through December 31, 2021, from 2,570 participants whose dogs died.

METHODS

Response frequencies were described. Associations between manner of death and medical symptoms or old age characteristics were evaluated using logistic regression. Factors associated with RFE were evaluated using multinomial regression. The effects of CoD, age at death, and QoL on the frequency of euthanasia as the manner of death were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression.

RESULTS

2,195 (85.4%) dogs were euthanized, and 375 (14.6%) experienced unassisted death. The most frequent owner-reported CoD was illness/disease (n = 1,495 [58.1%]). The most frequently reported RFE was pain/suffering (n = 1,080 [49.2% of those euthanized]). As age increased, RFE was more likely to be “poor QoL” than any other response. In a multivariate regression including CoD, chronologic age, and QoL, euthanasia as the manner of death was not significantly associated with age.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Euthanasia was a common manner of death for dogs in the US. Compared with unassisted death, euthanasia was associated with CoD illness/disease, lower QoL scores, and the presence and number of medical symptoms and old age characteristics. Understanding factors associated with manner of death is important to veterinarians who care for dogs at the end of life.
Preliminary investigation of the prevalence and genotype distribution of Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia duodenalis in cats in Siirt, Turkey
Authors: Çelik Burçak Aslan , Çelik Özgür Yaşar , Ayan Adnan , Akyildiz Gürkan , Kilinç Özlem Orunç , Ayan Özge Oktay , Ercan Kerem
Published: September 2023

Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis are protozoan parasites found in humans and many animal species worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and genotypes of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in cats and to evaluate the zoonotic potential of these agents. The animal material of the study consisted of a total of 40 cats brought to the Veterinary Faculty. Fresh fecal samples taken from the cats were placed in individual sample containers. All samples were examined under the microscope by Kinyoun Acid Fast staining for Cryptosporidium spp. and by the native-Lugol method for Giardia duodenalis. Nested PCR and sequence analyses were then performed. As a result of microscopic and nested PCR analyses for Cryptosporidium spp., no positivity was found in any sample. The prevalence of Giardia duodenalis was 2.5% in both microscopic examination and nested PCR analyses. When the DNA sequences of the β-Giardin gene obtained in the study were compared with the database in NCBI Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, it was determined that one sample overlapped with Assemblage B samples. As a result of this study, the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in cats was determined and the presence of Assemblage B was revealed. It is recommended that repetitive studies should be carried out as much as possible to determine the possible role of these parasites in the transmission of these parasites to humans.
Determination of the antibacterial effect of bee venom against rainbow trout pathogens and antibiotic resistance gene expression
Authors: Kabakci Dilek , Ürkü Çiğdem , Önalan Şükrü
Published: September 2023

Bee venom (BV) is a rich source of secondary metabolites from honeybees (Apis mellifera L.). It contains a variety of bioactive ingredients including peptides, proteins, enzymes, and volatile metabolites. This study investigated the antibacterial effects of the bee venom obtained from honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) against bacterial fish pathogens, such as Lactococcus garvieae (Lg1, Lg2, Lg3), Vibrio anguillarum (Va1, Va2, Va3), Yersinia ruckeri (Yr1, Yr2, Yr3), and Aeromonas hydrophila (Ah1, Ah2, Ah3) and the expression levels on the antibiotic resistance genes hly and fbp (hemolysin and fibronectin-binding prot) of them. It was determined that bee venom had an antibacterial effect against L. garvieae, L. anguillarum, and Y. ruckeri strains, while it had no effect only against Ah3 and Ah2 bacterial strains. As staded by the gene expression of hly (hemolysin) and fbp (fibronectin-binding protein), among the antibiotic resistance genes the effect levels of bee venom on bacterial species varied, although it affected antibiotic resistance and gene expression level in all bacteria. It was revealed that the expression level was the highest for V. anguillarum strains, whereas it was below the control group for L. garvieae. i.e the effect of bee venom on the resistance mechanism for L. garvieae was much less compared to V. anguillarum. Based on the results in the current study it could be concluded that applying bee venom to pathogenic bacteria that cause mortality in the aquaculture sector could induce the defense-related gene and change the broad-spectrum biocontrol activity at the molecular level.
Involutory Negator of Basic Belief Assignments
Authors: Dezert Jean , Tchamova Albena
Published: September 2023

This paper analyzes the different definitions of a negator of a probability mass function (pmf) and a Basic Belief Assignment (BBA) available in the literature. To overcome their limitations we propose an involutory negator of BBA, and we present a new indirect information fusion method based on this negator which can simplify the conflict management problem. The direct and indirect information fusion strategies are analyzed for three interesting examples of fusion of two BBAs. We also propose two methods for using the whole available information (the original BBAs and their negators) for decision-making support. The first method is based on the combination of the direct and indirect fusion strategies, and the second method selects the most reasonable fusion strategy to apply (direct, or indirect) based on the maximum entropy principle.
A Fuzzy Programming Based Approach to a Multi-Objective Multi-Echelon Green Closed-Loop Supply Chain Problem
Authors: Kocken Koray , Ozkok Beyza , Kocken Hale Gonce
Published: September 2023

It has become a social and legal obligation to take into account environmental factors as well as economic factors when designing the supply chain network. Reducing the emission of harmful gases in supply chain operations, recycling and efficient use of resources must be taken into consideration for future generations. The supply chain created in this study, in addition to the abovementioned features, includes supplier selection, warehouse and distribution center setup, transportation amounts between facilities, and transportation modes of products to be transported. This model, which is a multi-objective multi-echelon green closed-loop supply chain, is a mixed integer linear mathematical model and tries to maximize the joint satisfaction of the objectives with the help of a fuzzy approach using Zimmermann’s minimum operator.
Predicting User Behavior in e-Commerce Using Machine Learning
Authors: Ketipov Rumen , Angelova Vera , Doukovska Lyubka , Schnalle Roman
Published: September 2023

Each person’s unique traits hold valuable insights into their consumer behavior, allowing scholars and industry experts to develop innovative marketing strategies, personalized solutions, and enhanced user experiences. This study presents a conceptual framework that explores the connection between fundamental personality dimensions and users’ online shopping styles. By employing the TIPI test, a reliable and validated alternative to the Five-Factor model, individual consumer profiles are established. The results reveal a significant relationship between key personality traits and specific online shopping functionalities. To accurately forecast customers’ needs, expectations, and preferences on the Internet, we propose the implementation of two Machine Learning models, namely Decision Trees and Random Forest. According to the applied evaluation metrics, both models demonstrate fine predictions of consumer behavior based on their personality.
Modelling and Simulation of Traffic Light Control
Authors: Vatchova Boriana , Boneva Yordanka , Gegov Alexander
Published: September 2023

This study presents design of traffic light system with feedback control that considers a crossroad in an urban area. Two types of controllers are designed – fuzzy and analytical, which have been tested separately on Aimsun platform through a simulation. The aim of the study is to compare the performance of both controllers in terms of increasing traffic flow and decreasing queue length. The controllers manage the duration of the green light according to the traffic flow. Two different formal models are designed, tested, and compared. They have produced adequate solutions in terms of developing controllers for modeling and simulation of transportation tasks.