bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ground-Motion Model for Significant Duration Constrained by Seismological Simulations
Authors: Pinilla-Ramos Camilo , Abrahamson Norman , Phung Van-Bang , Kayen Robert , Castellanos-Nash Pablo
Published: October 2023

A duration ground-motion model for crustal earthquakes based on the normalized Arias intensity (IA) is developed. Two sets of seismological simulations are used to constrain the form and scaling of the duration model. Simulations using a 3D crustal model show that an additive model for the source, path, and site terms captures the physical behavior of duration better than a multiplicative model for the site term. Stochastic finite-fault simulations are used to constrain the saturation of the large-magnitude scaling at short distances. The duration model is developed in two parts: a duration model for the time interval between 5% and 75% of the normalized Arias intensity (D5−75) and a duration model for the ratio of the D5−X/D5−75 duration for X values from 10 to 95. Together, these two models provide a more complete description of the evolution of the seismic energy with time than a single duration metric. A new aspect of the statistical model for duration is the inclusion of a random effect for the path term in addition to random effects for the source and site terms. The source and site random effects are modeled as scale factors on the duration, whereas the path-term random effect is a scale factor on the distance slope. The distribution of the duration residuals has a skewness that is between the skewness of a lognormal distribution and the symmetry of a normal distribution. The final duration aleatory variability is modeled by a power-normal distribution with an exponent of 0.3, which accounts for the amplitude dependence of the aleatory variability of the duration with smaller aleatory variability for large-magnitude events and larger aleatory variability for small-magnitude events as compared to the variability from a lognormal distribution.
A New Statistical Perspective on Båth’s Law
Authors: Grimm Christian , Hainzl Sebastian , Käser Martin , Küchenhoff Helmut
Published: October 2023

The empirical Båth’s law states that the average magnitude difference (ΔM) between a mainshock and its strongest aftershock is ∼1.2, independent of the size of the mainshock. Although this observation can generally be explained by a scaling of aftershock productivity with mainshock magnitude in combination with a Gutenberg–Richter frequency–magnitude distribution, estimates of ΔM may be preferable because they are directly related to the most interesting information, namely the magnitudes of the main events, without relying on assumptions. However, a major challenge in calculating this value is the bias introduced by missing data points when the strongest aftershock is below the observed cut-off magnitude. Ignoring missing values leads to a systematic error because the data points removed are those with particularly large magnitude differences ΔM. The error can be minimized by restricting the statistics to mainshocks that are at least 2 magnitude units above the cutoff, but then the sample size is strongly reduced. This work provides an innovative approach for modeling ΔM by adapting methods for time-to-event data, which often suffer from incomplete observations (censoring). In doing so, we adequately account for unobserved values and estimate a fully parametric distribution of the magnitude differences ΔM for mainshocks in a global earthquake catalog. Our results suggest that magnitude differences are best modeled by the Gompertz distribution and that larger ΔM are expected at increasing depths and higher heat flows.
Integración basada en estándares de un laboratorio remoto en una plataforma de gestión de aprendizaje
Authors: Lucena Eduardo , Ruano Ruano Ildefonso , Estévez Elisabet , Gómez Ortega Juan , Gámez García Javier
Published: October 2023

Los laboratorios de tipo online tienen cada vez más aceptación dentro de la educación universitaria relacionada con las ciencias, tecnologías, ingenierías y matemáticas (CTIM o STEM en inglés), donde el trabajo práctico es de vital importancia para los estudiantes. El presente trabajo trata un ejemplo de integración de un laboratorio online en un sistema de gestión de aprendizaje (LMS-Learning Management System). Los estándares SCORM (Shareable Content Object Reference Model) y LTI (Learning Tool Interoperability) ofrecen la posibilidad de integrar laboratorios online en un LMS. En este trabajo, se ha tratado un sistema barra-bola convencional para adaptarlo y mostrar un ejemplo de integración de un laboratorio online remoto al LMS de la Universidad de Jaén usando el estándar SCORM y el protocolo RIP (Remote Interoperability Protocol) que ofrece una práctica con gamificación a los alumnos.
Percepción del alumnado sobre la perspectiva de género en las asignaturas de la rama Electrónica
Authors: Miguel Escrig Oscar , Segarra-Tamarit Jorge , Romero Pérez Julio Ariel
Published: October 2023

En este estudio se ha explorado la percepción del alumnado sobre la perspectiva de género en la docencia en carreras de ingeniería. Para ello se ha formulado un cuestionario para recoger su percepción en cuestiones generales y aplicadas a la docencia relacionadas con la perspectiva de género. Este cuestionario ha sido distribuido entre diferentes grados con distinto ratio entre mujeres y hombres. Los resultados obtenidos difieren por sexo en aspectos como el sesgo de género percibido en las áreas de conocimiento o la valoración por parte de iguales de las aportaciones hechas en el aula. También se han recogido en el cuestionario datos relativos al trabajo en grupo. Según estos datos, se ha observado que ciertas tareas desempeñadas en grupo están influenciadas según el sexo y que a su vez, las capacidades asociadas a la tarea, se perciben como potenciadas en el mismo sexo.
Enseñando diseño electrónico y control avanzado con un levitador magnético
Authors: Ramirez-Laboreo Edgar , Bono-Nuez Antonio , Montijano-Muñoz Eduardo , Sagüés Carlos
Published: October 2023

Los sistemas de levitación magnética han sido utilizados en la enseñanza de determinados conceptos de electrónica y control automático. Son dispositivos con un evidente atractivo para los estudiantes, que permiten ilustrar los efectos de las no linealidades presentes en la realidad, tanto aquellas debidas a la física del problema como las asociadas al uso de hardware electrónico. En la Universidad de Zaragoza utilizamos uno de estos sistemas en una asignatura multidisciplinar de máster, en la que trabajamos coordinadamente profesores del área de Tecnología Electrónica y de Ingeniería de Sistemas y Automática. Aunque el levitador magnético se ha mostrado como una herramienta muy útil en el proceso de aprendizaje del estudiantado, su uso como hilo conductor de una asignatura presenta numerosos desafíos, especialmente en lo relativo a la carga de trabajo y el sistema de evaluación. En este artículo plasmamos nuestras experiencias tras casi una década, describiendo el sistema, los problemas encontrados, las soluciones que hemos adoptado y las lecciones aprendidas.
Controlador híbrido de pH para un fotobiorreactor industrial raceway
Authors: Mulero-Martinez Juan Ignacio , Baños Alfonso , Moreno Úbeda José Carlos , Guzmán José Luis
Published: October 2023

En los últimos años, la industria de producción de microalgas ha tenido una gran repercusión debido a su utilidad para la mitigación de los gases de efecto invernadero, tratamiento de residuos, producción de biocombustible, industria de cosméticos, y alimentación animal y humana. Sin embargo, la dinámica de estos sistemas es muy compleja y no lineal por lo que se requieren tanto modelos como estrategias de control avanzadas. En este trabajo se ha propuesto un control reseteado para el pH de un fotobiorreactor industrial raceway que mejora el comportamiento del sistema con respecto a otros controladores lineales.
Effect of errors on the directional characteristics of a phased antenna array with an arbitrary arrangement of elements
Authors: Biryukov V. V. , Kryuchkov E. I. , Raevsky A. S. , Shcherbakov V. V.
Published: October 2023

Currently, various types of antenna arrays (AA) are widely used in radio navigation, radar and telecommunication systems. They have a number of advantages related to the possibilities of electronic control of their characteristics and adaptation to signal-interference conditions compared to single emitters. To create the required shape of the radiation pattern, as well as the orientation of its maximum in space, it is necessary to send signals of a certain amplitude and phase to the AA elements, so to form an appropriate amplitude-phase distribution (APD). The error in setting the APD, along with errors in the alignment and determination of the position of the phase centers of individual emitters, have a significant impact on the parameters and characteristics of the AA. Errors in the installation of elements on the canvas of the AA and the deviation of their power supply from the calculated APD lead to a decrease in characteristics, which can be assessed by three criteria: a decrease in directivity (antenna gain); an increase in the level of the side lobes; a change in the accuracy of the installation and the shape of the main beam. An analytical expression for calculating the error can be obtained only for cases of an ordered arrangement of AA elements. The article presents the results of the analysis of the influence of technological errors on the directional characteristics of an AA with an arbitrary arrangement of antenna elements. Statistical averaging of an ensemble of realizations obtained by performing multiple calculations with random sets of parameters is used for the analysis. The laws of probability distribution can be any. The results of calculations for uniformly distributed errors are given as an example.
Integrated factor of efficiency of antenna system using in the radar
Authors: Zadorozhnyj V. V.
Published: October 2023

Integrated efficiency factors are used not only at the design stage, but also in the case of choosing a ready-made system. In this case, the purpose of the research is to get an answer to the question of the expediency of its purchase (deployment), or monitoring the effectiveness of the system during its operation and developing proposals for optimizing the ways of its use and modernization. Since any system has limited resources when solving assignment tasks, it is necessary to develop a generalized efficiency factor from the standpoint of analyzing the effective allocation of radar resources when using antenna systems of various types in its composition. The aim of the article is to increase the efficiency of the use of radar resources in the antenna system. Achieving this goal includes solving the following tasks: substantiation of an integrated efficiency factor of the use of the antenna system in the radar, the use of an integrated efficiency factor to compare different types of antenna systems in the radar. А comparison of the efficiency of using a digital antenna array (DAA) with two-dimensional electronic scanning of the radiation pattern and parallel space surveillance, a reflector antenna, a passive phased antenna array with one-dimensional scanning, as well as an active phased antenna array with one-dimensional scanning and parallel space surveillance has been performed. It has been shown that the efficiency of using a DAR with two-dimensional electronic scanning is 2.3...15.6 times higher than the efficiency of other types of antenna systems. The proposed efficiency factor makes it possible to compare the efficiency of the use of radar resources when using different types of antenna systems, taking into account the features of their construction and the requirements for the purpose of the radar.
Burying the carbon to dig up the future
Authors: Morgado Cerqueira Henrique , Roxo Maria José , Calvo-Cases Adolfo
Published: October 2023

Soil carbon sequestration presents a pathway towards climate change mitigation and adaptation while also fostering sustainable socio-economic development. The emergence of soil carbon markets, which monetize carbon capture and land management practices, has given new impetus to this area of study. However, the intersection of environmental, social, and economic systems inherent to soil carbon markets introduces significant complexities. To understand the research landscape and the prevailing themes within the field, we conducted a systematic literature review, sourcing articles from the Web of Science and SCOPUS databases that focused on soil carbon markets, published between January 2017 and august 2023. Our analysis revealed three primary research themes emerged: 1) Soil Ecosystem Services (61%), closely associated with the agricultural and environmental sciences; 2) Environmental Economics (21%) show the growing focus on economic valuation of ecosystem services since the Paris Agreement; and 3) Exploratory Analyses (18%) highlight recent efforts in dealing with the complex network of environmental, social, economic, political and cultural factors. However, these areas of research are often treated separately, reflecting a broader disconnect between natural and social sciences: Geography, uniquely positioned at the intersection of natural and social sciences, could bridge this divide. Through a geographical lens, one can better comprehend drivers behind land management and land-use changes and how they relate to environmental indicators and soil carbon markets. In the social sciences, cultural aspects that shape soil management practices, farmers' relationships with land and markets, and their engagement with soil carbon markets could be examined to predict actions towards improving environmental performance indicators. These settings are highly local, influenced by factors like land tenure rights, landscape ecology, political settings, and power dynamics. Geography's role extends beyond merely understanding these local factors. It also involves studying 'space' and 'place', concepts that are crucial in the context of soil carbon markets. Within the framework of complexity theory and spatial agent-based modelling for socio-ecological systems, Geography can provide valuable insights into how different entities within soil carbon markets interact and influence each other. In the context of climate change, soil ecosystem services, and by extension soil carbon markets, can influence social and economic vulnerabilities. An integrated study of land use, management practices, and their impact on soil ecosystem services, using both quantitative and qualitative approaches, can provide insights into social behaviour and ecosystem responses over time.
Study Stigma toward Depression between Chinese International Students and Chinese Local Students
Authors: Zheng Siyuan
Published: October 2023

Depression is one of the most diagnosed mental illnesses in the world, and China, the country with the largest population in the world, has more than 173 million people suffering from mental illnesses. A major factor when addressing mental illness is the stigma behind it – a derogatory view of mental illness, and in China stigma for depression is particularly high. This may be due to cultural ideas that affect Chinese people’s view of mental health. This study attempted to understand how stigma may be culturally driven, and thus what the effect of moving to a different country, with different notions of mental health, might have on Chinese students. Thus, this study collected data via an online survey from 133 Chinese international students and 273 Chinese local students. Participants were recruited for students via social media posts and through a Chinese questionnaire platform (WenJuanXing). Stigma was measured using the Depression Stigma Scale [DSS] and depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The results show that Chinese international students had a lower level of stigma than Chinese local students. Also, within the years of study abroad increase and stigma toward depression decreases. The reason could be experiencing western culture provided different views and knowledge approaches.
A Review of the New Nigeria Startup Act 2022: Benefits and Challenges for the Tech Ecosystem in Nigeria
Authors: N. Okolie Chidera , Akwiwu Ijeoma
Published: October 2023

The opening section of the new Nigeria Startup Act (NSA, Section 1(d)) recognizes the objective of the Startup Act 2022 as “positioning Nigeria’s startup ecosystem as the leading digital technology center in Africa, having excellent innovators with cutting edge skills and exportable capacity.” The Startup Bill signed into law on the 20th of October 2022, further established a ‘Startup Investment Fund” to provide relief to startups, technology laboratories, accelerators, incubators and hubs in Nigeria. In light of the Nation’s strategic reforms for development and the push for technological advancement amongst nations, the Nigerian government passed the 2022 Nigeria Startup Act as a regulatory framework to strengthen and structuralize the Nation’s fastest growing sector, as well as provide the necessary support for startups while recognizing the importance of Education, Funding and Intellectual Property to the development of the Tech ecosystem in Nigeria. The NSA also assures government involvement in the Nigerian tech ecosystem which will further strengthen and instill trust in investors and stakeholders alike. In this paper, we will attempt a review of notable provisions of this Act, implications for the Nigerian tech ecosystem, challenges posed by the NSA and recommendations for policy.
The Impact of Industry Concentration on Stability: The Case of Indonesian Islamic-Commercial Banks
Authors: Santoso Teguh , Firmansyah Egi Arvian , Sapulette Militcyano Samuel , Setiawan Maman
Published: October 2023

This study aims at investigating the impact of the banking industry’s concentration on the stability of Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia. This study used a single country setting of 14 Islamic-commercial banks in Indonesia from 2011 to 2020. The data utilized in this study comprised all Islamic-commercial banks' assets in Indonesia, excluding commercial banks with Islamic business units. The influence of concentration level on the stability of Islamic-commercial banks was investigated using a panel data model. According to Hausman's test, the fixed-effect model is more suitable than the random-effect model. The findings indicate that the “concentration-stability” hypothesis was supported-robust using two concentration level measurements: CR4 and HHI. It is implied that banks tended to be more stable at the higher competition level. From the bank’s specific characteristics, only the cost-to-income ratio significantly influenced the bank's stability, as expected. Other bank-specific characteristics, such as bank size, credit risk, and income diversity, had no substantial influence on observed bank stability. A robustness check was performed by estimating new models that included multiple control variables that did not change the effect of concentration level on the bank’s stability. This study adds to the literature by demonstrating the “concentration-stability” hypothesis in the Indonesian Islamic-commercial banking industry. Moreover, this study’s results confirm the previous study’s findings using different methods and measures of industry concentration. In addition, this study is relevant in the context of the merger action of three large Islamic commercial banks.
Identification of Predicate Crimes Related to Binary Options Affiliates Money Laundering Crime
Authors: Shafira Maya , Wibowo Dava Prawira , Husin Budi Rizki , Amrullah Rinaldy , Tamza Fristia Berdian
Published: October 2023

Binary options are increasingly familiar to the public with online promotions on various social media by Indra Kenz. The link between binary options affiliation and money laundering crimes is that the money generated from promoting binary options is illegal because regulations stipulate that binary options are illegal investments. The research aims to identify predicate crimes related to binary options affiliates in action money laundering crimes. The research is normative juridical with a statute approach. The data used were primary, tertiary secondary. At the same time, data processing was obtained through data selection, classification, and systematization. The data processed was analyzed qualitatively, and conclusions were drawn using inductive methods. Based on the research and discussion results, binary options affiliation could be charged with the predicate crime of fraud as stipulated in Article 378 of the Criminal Code and Article 45A Paragraph (1) Juncto. Article 28 Paragraph (1) Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning ITE. Likewise, with gambling Article 303 Paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code. The results of playing binary options include criminal acts of money laundering due to gambling and fraud, so the origin of money or assets must be hidden first to look legal. The authors suggest that more detailed arrangements are needed to ensnare binary options affiliates. The arrangements can be learned from the modus operandi and approaches regarding affiliates and binary options.
Legal Protection of Mental Hospital Patients Who Experienced Acts of Violence Committed by Medical Personnel (A Study at Dr. Arif Zainudin Regional Mental Hospital Surakarta, Indonesia)
Authors: Budiono Arief , Wardani Septyan Wijayanti Kusuma , Mamun Abdullah Al , Prasetyo Yogi
Published: October 2023

Every citizen, including mental hospital patients, has the right to legal protection, as they are vulnerable to experiencing acts of violence by medical personnel. This study aims to analyze the legal protection for people with mental health conditions who once experienced acts of violence committed by medical personnel. This study used sociological research methods with a descriptive qualitative research approach. This study used primary and secondary sources of data. The authors collected data through observation and interviews. The data in this research were analyzed and then described as narrative texts. The results showed that people with mental health conditions could obtain legal protection from acts of violence committed by medical personnel if they truly experienced bad treatment. It ensures that people with mental health conditions obtain their rights as citizens to be equally treated before the law. In undergoing their tasks, medical personnel must follow the SOP (Standard Operating Procedures), which includes prioritizing patient safety and comfort to keep patients from rebelling when their illnesses recur.
UM PASSSEIO COM CORDÉLIA NA ATENÇÃO À INFÂNCIA NO CAMPO DA SAÚDE MENTAL
Authors: Ferraro Vitória Sander , Gonzales Zuleika Köhler
Published: October 2023

A infância teve seu lugar social reconfigurado diversas vezes durante a história, mas sempre com a demarcação do assujeitamento. Ainda se encontram políticas de saúde, assistência social e escolares que se baseiam em práticas repressivas que tomam a infância como o “problema” sobre o qual é necessário intervir. No presente artigo discutimos as práticas de cuidado voltadas para a saúde da infância no campo da saúde mental, assim como percorremos o caminho histórico do surgimento da infância e de seu cuidado. Para chegarmos em uma clínica possível no campo da saúde mental, propomos o questionamento das verdades já postas e, por meio da metodologia biografemática, escrevemos sobre outras formas de estar com a infância na saúde. Adentramos em solo de saúde mental e rede, no intento de experienciar uma prática que possa propiciar outros caminhos para expressão subjetiva infantil e a libertação das identidades cristalizadas.
HOSPITAL PSIQUIÁTRICO DA ÁGUA FUNDA
Authors: Pasquim Heitor Martins , Paula Éder Mendes
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho é um estudo histórico de base documental que discorre sobre a memória do Centro de Atenção Integrada em Saúde Mental – CAISM “Dr. David Capistrano da Costa Filho” da Água Funda, São Paulo, SP. Por meio de documentos analisados, busca-se dar visibilidade a processos de transformação e de manutenção do Hospital. O estudo discute elementos que corroboraram a transição da psiquiatria e em especial as mudanças no cuidado dispensado ao usuário do CAISM da Água Funda.
Pigeon reconnaissance and the fight against it on the western border of Russia on the eve and the beginning of the First World War
Authors: Zverev Vadim O.
Published: October 2023

Pigeon reconnaissance (including the possibility of using carrier pigeons to deliver intelligence reports) is considered as a new type of threat to the interests of the military (border) security of the Russian Empire on the eve and at the beginning of the First World War. The practice of combating a new military-criminal phenomenon is revealed. It is concluded that the counterintelligence and gendarmerie departments that served the Warsaw General Government paralyzed the “pigeon-spy communication channel” with their own efforts and eliminated the fastest and most reliable way to inform the enemy.
Sweden’s Policy of Non-alignment during the Korean War (1950-1953)
Authors: Sadomtseva Anna R.
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the position of Sweden in the Korean War. It demonstrates the attitude to the conflicting parties and analyzed the decisions of the Swedish government, in particular assistance to South Korea. It is also considered the Swedish politicians’ opinion of solving so-called «Korean issue». The basis of source study was formed by the documents of the Security Council and the General Assembly. The author refers to the minutes of the meetings of the Swedish Riksdag (Riksdagens protocol) which allow to determine the position of the Swedish political circles concerning the conclusion of the «Korean issue». Particular attention was paid to the Prime Minister of Sweden Tage Erlander’s memories, which were based on his diaries.
Weaving and textile industry as mainstay of economy of Laodicea in Syria in late Roman time
Authors: Kirillov Vladimir M.
Published: October 2023

The paper is dedicated to weaving and textile industry in Laodicea in Syria during the late Roman time. Based on the data from the Edict on Maximum Prices and other sources the author makes a list and analyses in details kinds of textile manufactured in the city. Also the author considers salary of workers with cloth, characterizes the niche of Laodicean textile in inner market of the Roman Empire and in international trade. The article proves an outstanding role of weaving and textile industry for economic life of Laodicea.
PRESENCIA Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DE ALGUNAS PROTEÍNAS CITOESQUELÉTICAS EN EL MEROPLASMODIO DE UN GRUPO NUEVO DE ALGAS AMEBOIDES MARINAS DEL OCÉANO ATLÁNTICO
Authors: Fliegne Ana Sofía
Published: October 2023

Se estudia la presencia y distribución de actina, tubulina, miosina y cadherina en el meroplasmodio de un grupo nuevo de algas ameboides marinas, así como el efecto de citochalasina y colchicina sobre el transporte bidireccional de partículas en sus reticulopodios. Actina tiene apariencia granulosa, tubulina está organizada en forma de microtúbulos que irradian a partir de centros de nucleación, miosina y cadherina están presentes en el meroplasmodio. Citochalasina no afecta el transporte reticulopodial de partículas, colchicina sí lo afecta.
ADN FÓSIL: ARQUEOPARASITOLOGÍA EN AMÉRICA
Authors: Guhl Felipe
Published: October 2023

Los agentes infecciosos suministran información de gran valor, especialmente cuando se identifican a partir de registros arqueológicos y de restos momificados de hombres y animales. Se puede obtener información muy precisa acerca de sus procesos evolutivos, su filogenia, su distribución geográfica, así como de sus huéspedes y reservorios en el caso de los parásitos. De igual manera brindan una clara idea del contacto que pudieron tener diferentes civilizaciones o grupos poblacionales entre sí, sus movimientos migratorios y su posible extinción. Para lograr obtener estos datos es preciso rastrear las evidencias e interpretarlas de manera correcta además de apoyarse en otras ciencias como la geología, la osteopatología, la química, la antropología y la biología molecular. Esta última ciencia en particular ha tomado enorme impulso en los últimos años y dado su alto nivel de resolución y sensibilidad se ha convertido en un aliado muy valioso en los análisis de ADN fósil. Se presenta el aislamiento y amplificación de ADN fósil de Trypanosoma cruzi, aislado de restos humanos de 9.000 años de antigüedad.
PRODUCCIÓN DE MATERIALES ELÁSTICOS POR POLIMERIZACIÓN DE α,ω-DIENOS ACÍCLICOS VÍA METÁTESIS
Authors: Zuluaga Fabio , Wagener Kenneth B. , Matloka Piotr
Published: October 2023

Los elastómeros son macromoléculas cuya longitud puede incrementarse hasta un 400 % cuando son sometidos a una fuerza externa, pero que regresan a su longitud inicial una vez ésta cesa de actuar. En este artículo se describe la aplicación de una reacción de polimerización recientemente descubierta, metátesis, en la obtención de materiales elásticos. Efectivamente, el uso de los principios básicos que explican el fenómeno de la elasticidad, en la polimerización de α, ω- dienos acíclicos, mediante la reacción de metátesis, dio lugar a la transformación de materiales inicialmente frágiles al estiramiento, en materiales crecientemente elásticos.
SUBDIVISIÓN DE LAS METAMORFITAS BÁSICAS DE LOS ALREDEDORES DE MEDELLÍN – CORDILLERA CENTRAL DE COLOMBIA
Authors: Correa M. Ana María , Martens Uwe , Restrepo A Jorge Julián , Ordóñez-Carmona Oswaldo , Martins Pimentel Marcio
Published: October 2023

Las características encontradas en las metamorfitas básicas que afloran en los alrededores de la ciudad de Medellín permiten diferenciar al menos dos grupos principales: uno compuesto por grandes cuerpos de metabasaltos anfibolíticos sin texturas reliquia que corresponden a la mayor parte de la unidad Anfibolitas de Medellín y otro grupo formado por cuerpos menos extensos de plutones bandeados y metamorfizados, los cuales constituyen los Metagabros de El Picacho. Los metagabros se metamorfizaron hidrotermalmente en facies esquisto verde -anfibolita baja y corrientemente presentan estructuras miloníticas y están relacionados espacialmente con las Dunitas de Medellín, conformando, junto con éstas, el Complejo Ofiolítico de Aburrá.
ESQUEMAS ESPACIALES DE ZONACIÓN ECOLÓGICA Y MORFOLOGÍA DE LAS LAGUNAS DE LOS ATOLONES Y COMPLEJOS ARRECIFALES DE UN ARCHIPIÉLAGO OCEÁNICO DEL CARIBE: SAN ANDRÉS Y PROVIDENCIA (COLOMBIA)
Authors: Díaz M Juan Manuel
Published: October 2023

Los atolones y complejos arrecifales oceánicos del Archipiélago de San Andrés y Providencia, en el Caribe sudoccidental, poseen cuencas lagunares semi-cerradas a semi-abiertas en las que se desarrollan diferentes hábitats bentónicos característicos. Ciertas zonas del fondo lagunar están cubiertas por sedimentos, a veces vegetados por algas y pastos marinos, y en otras por estructuras coralinas de varios tipos según la composición y dominancia de distintas especies de corales y la morfología y grado de desarrollo del andamiaje arrecifal. Este trabajo pretende determinar los esquemas de distribución espacial de los hábitats bentónicos de las lagunas a partir del análisis de los gradientes de los factores físicos más relevantes. Se establecieron tendencias en la presencia y abundancia de la mayoría de los hábitats en relación con el nivel de energía del oleaje, la profundidad y la presencia de islas. Ciertos tipos morfológicos de arrecifes están orientados en dirección preferencial y presentan un esquema de desarrollo espacial aparentemente en respuesta a la intensidad y dirección predominante de las corrientes y del oleaje.
SUPERREDES MAGNÉTICAS
Authors: Prieto Pedro
Published: October 2023

Una superred magnética o multicapa, consiste en un arreglo secuencial alternado de capas de un material magnético y uno no magnético con espesores en la escala de los nanómetros, dentro del rango de longitud característica de la interacción magnética entre las capas de la superred. Estas heteroestructuras exhiben comportamientos nuevos e interesantes en sus propiedades eléctricas, magnéticas y de transporte. El descubrimiento de la magnetorresistencia gigante (GMR) en ellas abrió una amplia gama de aplicaciones; la más importante ha sido como sensor de campo magnético para ser usado como cabeza de lectura en discos duros y en memorias magnéticas no volátiles (MRAM). Otro fenómeno, conocido como Exchange Bias, o polarización de intercambio, aparece cuando entran en contacto dos materiales uno ferromagnético y otro antiferromagnético. Las interacciones de sus momentos magnéticos en la superficie límite o interfaz cuando la muestra es enfriada bajo la acción de un campo magnético a temperaturas por debajo de la temperatura de Niel del material antiferromagnético hace que el ciclo de histéresis no sea simétrico y se desplace a lo largo del eje del campo la magnitud H E. Un sistema ideal para estudiar este fenómeno de corrimiento de intercambio es la manganita La 1-x Ca x MnO 3 (LCMO), el cual dependiendo del dopaje de Ca exhibe fases ferro y antiferromagnética.
COHERENCIAS Y CORRELACIONES CUÁNTICAS EN MATERIA CONDENSADA
Authors: Quiroga Luis
Published: October 2023

La búsqueda de manifestaciones cuánticas coherentes a escala macroscópica es actualmente intensa. En especial, con la fabricación de nanoestructuras semiconductoras se ha podido llegar a un nivel de control tanto espacial como temporal donde esos efectos cuánticos  asombrosos pudieran ser demostrados. En este artículo se presenta una revisión crítica de resultados recientes sobre la creación de estados cuánticos enredados en sistemas de puntos cuánticos, la observación de su decoherencia en escalas de tiempo del orden de picosegundos, así como también la transferencia de coherencias entre un estado cuántico macroscópico tipo condensado de Bose-Einstein y la luz que emite.
¿EN QUÉ SENTIDO PUEDE HABLARSE DE DIÁLOGO DE LAS CIENCIAS? ACERCA DE LAS NUEVAS CIENCIAS DE LA COMPLEJIDAD
Authors: Maldonado Carlos Eduardo
Published: October 2023

Es efectivamente posible y necesario el diálogo entre las ciencias físicas, exactas y naturales y las ciencias sociales y humanas. El lugar en el que este diálogo es efectivamente fructífero es en el espacio constituido por las nuevas ciencias de la complejidad. Pero, con el estudio de los sistemas complejos, el propio estatuto tradicional de las ciencias cambia drásticamente.
Seasonal abundance and mutual interference of Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh) on Brevicoryne brassicae
Authors: SHARMA TANVI , VERMA S. C. , SHARMA P. L. , BANSHTU TANUJA , CHANDEL V. G. S. , SHARMA PRIYANKA , CHAUHAN NIKITA , SHARMA VIBHUTI
Published: October 2023

Brevicoryne brassicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae), known as cabbage aphid, is cosmopolitan in distribution that infests cruciferous crops such as broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, and mustard. Brevicoryne brassicae is suppressed by various species of natural enemies, the most important and abundant being Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). The present study was carried out at Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni Solan, Himachal Pradesh, on the seasonal abundance and mutual interference of the parasitoid, D. rapae during the years 2020-2021. The study showed the peak population of both host (221.36 aphids/plant) and parasitoid (27.28 mummified aphids/plant) with 12.32 per cent parasitization on the 10th Standard Meteorological Week (SMW). On the 14th SMW of 2021, the aphid population was lowest (2.72 aphids/plant) and parasitization by D. rapae was highest (47.05%). The D. rapae when foraged at densities of 2, 4, 6 and 8 parasitoids per 30 and 50 constant host nymphs, the third-instar host nymphs had a higher mutual interference coefficient than fourth instar host nymphs. Therefore, D. rapae can be utilized as an important biocontrol agent in the management programme of a cabbage aphid (B. brassicae).
Effect of temperature on the development of two pupal parasitoid species of Xanthopimpla Saussure (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) on Sesamia inferens Walker
Authors: KATHIRVELU C. , MANICKAVASAGAM S. , GOPIANAND L.
Published: October 2023

The biology of two pimplini parasitoids viz., Xanthopimpla flavolineata and X. stemmator were investigated in the laboratory by using the pupae of Sesamia inferens Walker. The host insect pupae were collected from the field and maintained in the laboratory for rearing the pimplini parasitoids. The results showed that the developmental period of X. flavolineata was 33.87 ± 0.18 and 18.54 ± 0.15 days, and X. stemmator was 36.08 ± 0.16 and 18.95 ± 0.19 days under 20°C and 28°C, respectively. The morphometric studies of two pimplini parasitoids showed that X. stemmator was larger than X. flavolineata in all the life stages. The longevity of X. flavolineata males and females was 21.09 ± 0.14 days for males and 34.53 ± 0.26 days for females when fed with 50 per cent honey at 20°C., while X. stemmator males and females survived for 26.94 ± 0.22 days and 38.90 ± 0.25 days. At 28°C, the lifespan of X. flavolineata male and female was 16.17 ± 0.09 and 26.55 ± 0.13 days, respectively, while in X. stemmator, it was 17.47 ± 0.16 and 27.08 ± 0.17 days in male and female, respectively, when fed with 50 per cent honey. Thus, females lived longer than males when fed with honey (50%) solution as a food source followed by sucrose (50%). From the results, it is concluded that the temperature and developmental period are inversely proportional and these details can be integrated into the development of a standardized mass-production technique for both parasitoids.
Experience of using drilling injection EDT piles in emergency response of a public building
Authors: Sokolov N.S.
Published: October 2023

The case of ill-considered construction of a two-storey brick building in the zone of geotechnical influence of the operated building which resulted in its emergency condition was considered. Timely accident prevention measures, including reinforcement of the foundation by means of drilled injection EDT piles and safety measures, such as arrangement of prestressed ties from eight rows of high-strength valves enclosing a supporting wall of two rows of drillinginjection EDT piles of Ø350mm, made by electric-discharge technology from the side of the altar, allowed to save the monument of federal architecture from collapse
Investigation of factors affecting preschool teachers’ attitudes towards teaching profession in Vietnam
Authors: Vu Hien Thi Thanh , Nguyen Tuan Van , Vu Hang Thi Thuy , Lam Trang Ho Thuc , Tran Thao Thi Thu
Published: October 2023

The attitudes of preschool teachers toward the teaching profession are crucial because they have a direct influence on their job satisfaction, motivation, classroom dynamics, and overall efficacy in providing quality education and fostering the development of young children. The main aim of this study was to examine the elements that preschool teachers in Vietnam view as having the most significant impact on their perspective of the teaching profession. Preschool teachers were given a survey questionnaire containing questions about subjective and objective factors that influenced their perceptions of the profession, and then given instructions on how to complete it.  A sample of 347 early childhood educators from the Central Highlands of Vietnam participated in the study. The most significant finding was that a majority of preschool teachers' perceptions for their work were significantly influenced by a variety of subjective and objective factors. Possessing a positive attitude toward the teaching profession was one of the most important factors influencing the level of professional success and the quality of teaching activities. A significant number of preschool employees began their careers without enthusiasm or passion for the field, as well as without a comprehensive comprehension of the humanistic and moral principles that guide the field.
Increased Levels of IFN-γ, PAI-1, and NT-proBNP are Associated with the Occurrence of Hypoxemia in COVID-19
Authors: Kholis Fathur Nur , Farhanah Nur , Limantoro Charles , Widyastiti Nyoman Suci , Sobirin Mochamad Ali
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one of the severe complications of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that can lead to the occurrence of hypoxemia. Hypoxemia occurs due to the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines and coagulation factors. Several studies have shown that interferon (IFN)-γ, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are biological markers that can be used to evaluate the severity and prognosis of the disease in severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This study was conducted to evaluate the association between IFN-γ, PAI-1, NT-proBNP and hypoxemia in COVID-19 patients.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of COVID-19 subjects with hypoxemia. Hypoxemia assessment was performed based on arterial blood gas analysis. IFN-γ and PAI-1 were measured with ELISA, while NT-proBNP levels were measured with Roche NT-proBNP.RESULTS: Fifty-five COVID-19 subjects with hypoxemia were observed. Thirty subjects experiencing moderate to severe hypoxemia and 25 with mild hypoxemia. Levels of IFN-γ, PAI-1, and NT-proBNP were higher in COVID-19 subjects with moderate to severe hypoxemia compared to those with mild hypoxemia (261.14 (121-348.60) pg/mL vs. 145.50 (59.90-348.60) pg/mL, p<0.001; 5.47 (3.50-8.50) pg/mL vs. 3.40 (2.20-9.30) pg/mL, p<0.001; 760 (112-34,066) pg/mL vs. 71 (48-364) pg/mL, p<0.001).CONCLUSION: Elevated levels of IFN-γ, PAI-1, and NT-proBNP are associated with hypoxemia in COVID-19 patients, suggesting that these markers may be useful in assessing hypoxemia in COVID-19 patients.KEYWORDS: IFN-γ, PAI-1, NT-proBNP, hypoxemia, COVID-19
Presence of blaCTXM-1, blaCTXM-9, and blaTEM-1 Genes in Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Hospital Wastewater
Authors: Tolenada Charlene Princess Salvador , Dayrit Geraldine Budomo
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) are selectively proliferated in the human gut, excreted through feces, and deposited through wastewater lines, with hospital wastewater acting as a major reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes and resistant bacteria, thus pose adverse effects to human health. This study aimed to determine the presence of blaCTXM-1, blaCTXM-9, blaTEM-1, and blaSHV-1 genes in ESBL-EC in wastewater from selected hospitals in Manila and Quezon City, the Philippines.METHODS: Influent and effluent in twelve hospital wastewater treatment plants were collected, screened for cefotaxime-resistant E. coli, and examined for the ESBL production through phenotypic characterization using conventional bacterial identification, disk diffusion method, and VITEK® 2 Compact system and genotypic identification of ESBL-EC blaCTXM-1, blaCTXM-9, blaTEM-1, blaSHV-1 genes using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR).RESULTS: Conventional bacterial identification methods and the VITEK® 2 Compact system results showed that both influent and effluent samples were positive for ESBL-EC at 33.3% and 16.7%, respectively. Multiplex PCR results revealed that various E. coli isolates were of ESBL-EC blaCTXM-1, blaCTXM-9, and blaTEM-1 genes. Multi-drug resistance was observed among all ESBL-EC isolates with resistance being highest against ampicillin, cefuroxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, piperacillin, and aztreonam.CONCLUSION: As the study revealed the presence of ESBL-producing bacteria, efforts must be made to ensure the prudent antimicrobial use with possible emphasis on antibiotic rotation accompanied by intensified infection prevention and control in hospital settings.KEYWORDS: antimicrobial resistance, beta-lactams, blaCTXM, blaTEM, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, E. coli, hospital wastewater
High Leptin and Low Adiponectin Levels in The Metabolic Syndrome Patients with Malignancy
Authors: Ambarwati Ria , Santosa Damai , Pangarsa Eko Adhi , Setiawan Budi , Tobing Mika Lumban , Sofro Muchlis Achsan Udji , Dharminto Dharminto , Pemayun Tjokorda Gde Dalem , Suharti Catharina
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is characterized by insulin resistance, adipocyte accumulation, and obesity, has been linked to malignancy development. Both leptin, an adipose tissue-produced cytokine-like hormone, and adiponectin, a hormone secreted by adipose tissue, play roles in the progression of MetS. However, the presence of leptin and adiponectin is also assumed to be associated with cancer proliferation. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the profile of leptin and adiponectin levels in MetS patients with malignancy and non-malignancy.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving 80 MetS subjects with and without malignancy. Leptin and adiponectin levels of subjects were analyzed by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare leptin and adiponectin levels between groups.RESULTS: Leptin levels were significantly higher in MetS patients with malignancy (32.99±22.47 ng/mL) than those without malignancy (6.17±7.46 ng/mL). Conversely, adiponectin levels were lower in the malignancy group (10.11±7.66 µg/mL) compared to the non-malignancy group (13.44±8.29 µg/mL), with both differences being statistically significant (p<0.001 for leptin, p=0.023 for adiponectin).CONCLUSION: Leptin levels were found to be higher while adiponectin levels were found to be lower in MetS patients with malignancy compared to those without malignancy. Therefore, it is suggested that leptin and adiponectin levels might be used as malignancy markers in MetS patients.KEYWORDS: adiponectin, leptin, metabolic syndrome, malignancy
Transformation of educational practices associated with citizenship training and Theory of Mind: a study of IAP with children and preschool teachers
Authors: Sandoval Pinto Natalia , Bejarano Gómez Alejandro
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study was to design and implement, in a collaborative way, a psychoeducational strategy aimed at transforming the educational practices associated with citizen training, in which teachers, parents (caregivers) and students of the transition grade (preschool) participate. of educational institutions in Bogota, Colombia. A Qualitative Investigation was developed with the design of Participatory Action Research (IAP), through four phases. In the initial phase, a process of diagnosis and identification of specific needs of the studio contexts was carried out; this first phase made it possible to identify the needs for training and strengthening, on which a psychoeducational intervention proposal was developed (second phase) aimed at strengthening theory of mind skills associated with citizen training, specifically, skills for identifying emotions , the recognition of the perspective of the other and the management of rules. Subsequently, the application of the intervention was carried out and, finally, for the fourth phase, a balance of the implemented strategy was carried out. Within the results, the implemented methodological route is described, and the results are detailed for each of the phases of the study. The article ends and discusses the positive effects derived from the intervention implemented and points out some advantages and recommendations for future work that seek to work in citizen training from the theory of the mind. It was concluded that the development process made it possible to strengthen the integral development and training processes in this population and laid solid foundations for its continuation in the scenario of the daily practices of the population.