bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Passersby Attracted by Infants and Mothers' Acceptance of Their Approaches: A Proximate Factor for Human Cooperative Breeding
Authors: Nishiyama Kumiko , Oishi Kouji , Saito Atsuko
Published: July 2016

Humans have engaged in unique cooperative breeding insofar as multiple in-group members help mothers. Two psychological-proximate factors maintain such a breeding system—various individuals' interest in infants and mothers' positive reactions toward individuals approaching their infants—which we investigated in the present study. In Study 1, we conducted field observations to examine the first factor: what types of passersby in Japan reacted to the mother and infant. This replicated studies conducted in Western countries more than 30 years ago, allowing for the examination of the influence of culture and time. The results confirmed the differences among age groups in frequency of looking at mother and infant, and predicted its universality, especially the rise in older adults. The sex difference was not significant. In Study 2, we gathered data via questionnaires and interviews using hypothetical scenarios to investigate the second factor: how mothers felt when their infants were approached by strangers. The results revealed that mothers received strangers' approaches positively. The present study showed that humans engaged in unique cooperative breeding in the Environment of Evolutionary Adaptedness (EEA), where mothers in modern society see strangers as potential helpers as part of the EEA.
A multicenter, randomized trial on neuroprotection with remote ischemic per-conditioning during acute ischemic stroke: the REmote iSchemic Conditioning in acUtE BRAin INfarction study protocol
Authors: Pico Fernando , Rosso Charlotte , Meseguer Elena , Chadenat Marie-Laure , Cattenoy Amina , Aegerter Philippe , Deltour Sandrine , Yeung Jennifer , Hosseini Hassan , Lambert Yves , Smadja Didier , Samson Yves , Amarenco Pierre
Published: July 2016

Rationale

Remote ischemic per-conditioning—causing transient limb ischemia to induce ischemic tolerance in other organs—reduces final infarct size in animal stroke models.

Aim

To evaluate whether remote ischemic per-conditioning during acute ischemic stroke (<6 h) reduces brain infarct size at 24 h.

Methods and design

This study is being performed in five French hospitals using a prospective randomized open blinded end-point design. Adults with magnetic resonance imaging confirmed ischemic stroke within 6 h of symptom onset and clinical deficit of 5–25 according to National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale will be randomized 1:1 to remote ischemic per-conditioning or control (stratified by center and intravenous fibrinolysis use). Remote ischemic per-conditioning will consist of four cycles of electronic tourniquet inflation (5 min) and deflation (5 min) to a thigh within 6 h of symptom onset. Magnetic resonance imaging is repeated 24 h after stroke onset.

Sample size estimates

For a difference of 15 cm3 in brain infarct growth between groups, 200 patients will be included for 5% significance and 80% power.

Study outcomes

The primary outcome will be the difference in brain infarct growth from baseline to 24 h in the intervention versus control groups (by diffusion-weighted image magnetic resonance imaging). Secondary outcomes include: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score absolute difference between baseline and 24 h, three-month modified Rankin score and daily living activities, mortality, and tolerance and side effects of remote ischemic per-conditioning.

Discussion

The only remote ischemic per-conditioning trial in humans with stroke did not show remote ischemic per-conditioning to be effective. REmote iSchemic Conditioning in acUtE BRAin INfarction, which has important design differences, should provide more information on the use of this intervention in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Postnatal depression
Authors: Oakhill Ellen
Published: July 2016

The year after a baby is born is an important time in the life of any woman, and an essential period in the social and emotional development of a child. A significant number of women suffer from postnatal depression, however, only a small proportion of sufferers are diagnosed, and fewer are treated appropriately. Inadequate treatment has a detrimental effect on mothers and their families, and may lead to long-term problems in their children. Mental health problems, including suicide, are a leading cause of maternal death. Women who die due to mental illness in the postnatal period often have complicated social and medical problems. GPs are in an ideal position to detect and diagnose postnatal depression, initiate treatment and ensure referral to specialist perinatal mental health services when needed. GPs should be aware of red flag signs for postnatal mental health problems, and be able to coordinate between different services to detect and support women at high risk of harm.
Do People’s Desires to Change Their Personality Traits Vary With Age? An Examination of Trait Change Goals Across Adulthood
Authors: Hudson Nathan W. , Fraley R. Chris
Published: July 2016

Research suggests most people want to change their personality traits. Existing studies have, however, almost exclusively examined college-aged samples. Thus, it remains unclear whether older adults also wish to change their personalities. In the present study, the authors sampled 6,800 adults, aged 18 to 70, and examined the associations between age and change goals. Results indicated change goals were slightly less prevalent among older adults. Moreover, older adults expressed desires for slightly smaller increases in each trait. Nevertheless, these effects were small, and a minimum of 78% of people of any age wanted to increase in each big five dimension. These findings have implications for understanding people’s attempts to change their traits—and personality development more broadly—across adulthood.
Physician Satisfaction With Clinical Pharmacist Services in an Obstetrics and Gynecology Teaching Clinic
Authors: Forinash Alicia B. , Chamness Danielle , Yancey Abigail , Mathews Katherine , Miller Collin , Thompson Judy , Myles Thomas
Published: July 2016

Objective: To evaluate physician satisfaction with clinical pharmacy services in an obstetrics teaching clinic. Study Design: A 35-question survey was created to evaluate demographics and provider satisfaction with clinical pharmacy services using 5-point Likert scale and open response questions. Surveys were administered to all clinic attendings, maternal fetal medicine fellows, and OB/Gyn residents in June 2014 via Survey Monkey. Results: Thirty-one physicians (83.8%) completed the survey. The first set of questions utilized a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from “poor” (1) to “excellent” (5) and evaluated respondents’ impressions of the clinical pharmacists’ clinical knowledge and professional behavior. The median score was 5 (“excellent”) on all items in the survey, and many demonstrated an average response of 4.81 to 4.9 or higher, demonstrating that almost all respondents chose “excellent.” The next set of questions assessed the clinical pharmacist’s role with the clinic’s multidisciplinary team and asked respondents to answer questions based on a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from “strongly disagree” (1) to “strongly agree” (5). The majority of responses to questions in this section were between 4.19 and 4.84. Reasons for referring patients to the clinical pharmacist were smoking cessation, asthma management, psych medication use/issues, adherence/polypharmacy, medication reconciliation, counseling on medication safety in pregnancy, insulin/heparin administration, and substance abuse. Conclusions: Overall, the survey identified a positive response and high level of physician satisfaction with clinical pharmacy services. Clinical pharmacy has the capacity to enhance pregnancy care and should be more routinely integrated into the prenatal care team.
T cells expressing an anti–B-cell maturation antigen chimeric antigen receptor cause remissions of multiple myeloma
Authors: Ali Syed Abbas , Shi Victoria , Maric Irina , Wang Michael , Stroncek David F. , Rose Jeremy J. , Brudno Jennifer N. , Stetler-Stevenson Maryalice , Feldman Steven A. , Hansen Brenna G. , Fellowes Vicki S. , Hakim Frances T. , Gress Ronald E. , Kochenderfer James N.
Published: July 2016

Key Points

Anti-BCMA T cells have impressive activity against MM.
A multidisciplinary cognitive behavioural programme for coping with chronic neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury: the protocol of the CONECSI trial
Authors: Heutink Matagne , Post Marcel WM , Luthart Peter , Pfennings Lilian EMA , Dijkstra Catja A , Lindeman Eline
Published: July 2016

Background

Most people with a spinal cord injury rate neuropathic pain as one of the most difficult problems to manage and there are no medical treatments that provide satisfactory pain relief in most people. Furthermore, psychosocial factors have been considered in the maintenance and aggravation of neuropathic spinal cord injury pain. Psychological interventions to support people with spinal cord injury to deal with neuropathic pain, however, are sparse. The primary aim of the CONECSI (COping with NEuropathiC Spinal cord Injury pain) trial is to evaluate the effects of a multidisciplinary cognitive behavioural treatment programme on pain intensity and pain-related disability, and secondary on mood, participation in activities, and life satisfaction.

Methods/Design

CONECSI is a multicentre randomised controlled trial. A sample of 60 persons with chronic neuropathic spinal cord injury pain will be recruited from four rehabilitation centres and randomised to an intervention group or a waiting list control group. The control group will be invited for the programme six months after the intervention group. Main inclusion criteria are: having chronic (> 6 months) neuropathic spinal cord injury pain as the worst pain complaint and rating the pain intensity in the last week as 40 or more on a 0-100 scale. The intervention consists of educational, cognitive, and behavioural elements and encompasses 11 sessions over a 3-month period. Each meeting will be supervised by a local psychologist and physical therapist. Measurements will be perfomed before starting the programme/entering the control group, and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Primary outcomes are pain intensity and pain-related disability (Chronic Pain Grade questionnaire). Secondary outcomes are mood (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), participation in activities (Utrecht Activities List), and life satisfaction (Life Satisfaction Questionnaire). Pain coping and pain cognitions will be assessed with three questionnaires (Coping Strategy Questionnaire, Pain Coping Inventory, and Pain Cognition List).

Discussion

The CONECSI trial will reveal the effects of a multidisciplinary cognitive behavioural programme for people with chronic neuropathic spinal cord injury pain. This intervention is expected to contribute to the rehabilitation treatment possibilities for this population.

Trial Registration

Dutch Trial Register NTR1580.
SUMMATION OF AN INFINITE SERIES ARISING IN THE THEORY OF SUB-SURFACE ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS
Authors: KAUFMAN H.
Published: July 2016

In his work on sub-surface electrical measurements Buckner (1954) makes extensive use of a series defined by:
HORIZONTAL SURVEYING ACCURACY REQUIRED FOR GRAVITY METER PROJECTS
Authors: VANHOE L. F.
Published: July 2016

The paper points out the limits in accuracy of gravity meter data in areas of steep regional gradients due to errors in the locations of the gravity stations. A simple formula defines the minimum surveying requirements to obtain any desired accuracy in the gravity values.
Jump event of mid-ocean ridge during the eastern subbasin evolution of the South China Sea
Authors: Qiu Yan , Wang Yingmin , Huang Wenkai , Li Weiguo , Zhuo Haiteng , Du Wenbo , Gong Chenglin
Published: July 2016

The South China Sea is one of the largest marginal seas in the Western Pacific region, and it has been widely accepted that the evolution of the basin and the development of its oceanic crusts is closely linked to seafloor spreading. A great controversy, however, is around whether or not there was a jump of mid-ocean ridges during seafloor spreading, particularly in the eastern South China Sea subbasin. A tectonostratigraphic interpretation using high-resolution seismic data demonstrated that: (1) a southward jump event of the mid-ocean ridge took place in the eastern subbasin during the seafloor spreading; (2) the orientation of the mid-ocean ridge had dramatically changed after the event resulting in that the abandoned mid-ocean ridge is along an east–west direction, whereas the younger one is generally east–northeast/west–southwest oriented; (3) the corresponding surface caused by the jump tectonic event and the pre-event sequence can be traced throughout the earlier formed oceanic crust; and (4) paleo-magnetic data showed that the event occurred at approximately 25–23.8 Ma. The results of this study could be used to better understand the evolution and filling of the South China Sea and other associated marginal basins.
Microtubule-independent secretion requires functional maturation of Golgi elements
Authors: Fourriere Lou , Divoux Severine , Roceri Mila , Perez Franck , Boncompain Gaelle
Published: July 2016

The Golgi complex is responsible for processing and sorting of secretory cargos. Microtubules are known to accelerate the transport of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi complex and from the Golgi to the plasma membrane. However, whether post-Golgi transport strictly requires microtubules is still unclear. Using the retention using selective hooks (RUSH) system to synchronize the trafficking of cargos, we show that anterograde transport of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is strongly reduced without microtubules. We show that two populations of Golgi elements co-exist in these cells. A centrally located and giantin-positive Golgi complex that sustains trafficking, and newly formed peripheral Golgi mini-stacks that accumulate cargos in cells without microtubules. Using a genome-edited GFP–giantin cell line, we observe that the trafficking-competent Golgi population corresponds to the pre-existing population that was present before removal of microtubules. All Golgi elements support trafficking after long-term depletion of microtubules and after relocation of Golgi proteins to the ER after treatment with Brefeldin A. Our results demonstrate that functional maturation of Golgi elements is needed to ensure post-Golgi trafficking, and that microtubule-driven post-Golgi transport is not strictly required.
Disruption Risk and Optimal Sourcing in Multitier Supply Networks
Authors: Ang Erjie , Iancu Dan A. , Swinney Robert
Published: July 2016

We study sourcing in a supply chain with three levels: a manufacturer, tier 1 suppliers, and tier 2 suppliers prone to disruption from, e.g., natural disasters such as earthquakes or floods. The manufacturer may not directly dictate which tier 2 suppliers are used but may influence the sourcing decisions of tier 1 suppliers via contract parameters. The manufacturer’s optimal strategy depends critically on the degree of overlap in the supply chain: if tier 1 suppliers share tier 2 suppliers, resulting in a “diamond-shaped” supply chain, the manufacturer relies less on direct mitigation (procuring excess inventory and multisourcing in tier 1) and more on indirect mitigation (inducing tier 1 suppliers to mitigate disruption risk). We also show that while the manufacturer always prefers less overlap, tier 1 suppliers may prefer a more overlapped supply chain and hence may strategically choose to form a diamond-shaped supply chain. This preference conflict worsens as the manufacturer’s profit margin increases, as disruptions become more severe, and as unreliable tier 2 suppliers become more heterogeneous in their probability of disruption; however, penalty contracts—in which the manufacturer penalizes tier 1 suppliers for a failure to deliver ordered units—alleviate this coordination problem.

This paper was accepted by Yossi Aviv, operations management.
Renegotiating gender through dress in Bollywood: The new Indian woman
Authors: Strubel Jessica , Josiam Bharath M.
Published: July 2016

Drawing upon the components of the social role theory and postcolonial theory, this study examined the role of Bollywood diaspora films on the formation or renegotiation of identity among non-resident Indian women as manifested in their dress. We were specifically interested in the creation of a new hybrid Indian identity for young women of the diaspora, the women who are able to move seamlessly between their two worlds, and in looking at the role of Bollywood as it reconciles traditional Indian values with the progress of postcolonial India.
The role of neurotransmitters in regulation of energy homeostasis and possibility of drug correction of its disturbances in obesity
Authors: Dedov Ivan I. , Troshina Ekaterina A. , Mazurina Natalya V. , Galieva Marina O. , Logvinova Oksana V.
Published: July 2016

In today's world the problem of obesity is discussed in the context of non-communicable diseases, leading to significant encumbrances on society. This article provides information about the basics of the regulation of energy balance and eating behavior. Particular attention is paid to the role of neurotransmitters, including serotonin, a metabolic disorder that is one of the suspected causes of eating disorders. Demonstrated experience in the use of sibutramine in the world, and in the Russian practice, taking into account the impact on the development of comorbid conditions and their complications.
8. Bremer eBook-Tag
Authors: Krug Katharina
Published: July 2016

Seit 2006 richtet der Bibliotheksdienstleister Missing Link den Bremer eBook-Tag aus. Auf der diesjährigen Veranstaltung ging es schwerpunktmäßig um das Thema Metadaten und um den Umgang mit elektronischen Medien an den Universitäten und Hochschulen. Weiterhin wurden Neuerungen im E-Book-Bereich vorgestellt und zukunftsfähige Entwicklungen im Bereich elektronisches Lehrbuch diskutiert. Der vorliegende Beitrag bietet einen Überblick über die Veranstaltung und fasst die Vorträge zusammen.
Cold hardening protects cereals from oxidative stress and necrotrophic fungal pathogenesis
Authors: Pogány Miklós , Harrach Borbála , Bozsó Zoltán , Künstler András , Janda Tibor , von Rad Uta , Vida Gyula , Veisz Ottó
Published: July 2016

The effects of cold hardening of cereals on their cross-tolerance to treatments leading to oxidative stress were investigated. Long-term exposure to low non-freezing temperatures provided partial protection to wheat and barley plants from the damage caused by paraquat and hydrogen peroxide treatments. It also conferred resistance in two barley cultivars to the necrotic symptoms and growth of the fungal phytopathogen Pyrenophora teres f. teres. Pathogen-induced oxidative burst was also reduced in cold hardened plants. The possible roles of host-derived redox factors and other signaling components in the observed forms of cereal cross-tolerance are discussed.
Transient iatrogenic heart block following foetal intracardiac transfusion for severe twin anaemia-polycythaemia sequence
Authors: Dassios Theodore , Ali Kamal , Hickey Ann , Greenough Anne
Published: July 2016

Background:

Intrauterine blood transfusion is an important treatment of foetal anaemia. Although the standard access to the foetal vasculature for transfusion is the umbilical vein, the intracardiac route is used when foetal or placental positions make other accesses technically challenging. Intrauterine, intracardiac blood transfusion is associated with complications including haemopericardium, damage to cardiac tissues and foetal bradycardia.

Highlights of the present report:

We report a case of monochorionic twins with twin anaemia-polycythaemia sequence (TAPS). Intracardiac, intrauterine blood transfusion of the donor twin was complicated by haemopericardium and sustained bradycardia which necessitated delivery by emergency caesarean section. Postnatally, the bradycardia was sustained and was diagnosed electrocardiographically as heart block, which spontaneously reversed on the second day after birth. The management of heart block in the neonatal period is discussed.

Conclusion:

Foetal intracardiac intrauterine blood transfusion can be associated with transient congenital heart block (CHB).
Hypomagnesaemia: a modifiable risk factor of diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Bherwani Sonny , Jibhkate Srushtee Bipin , Saumya A.S. , Patel Sitendu Kumar , Singh Ritu , Ghotekar L.H.
Published: July 2016

Background:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous disease characterised by an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin and insulin resistance. Diabetes is occurring at younger age in India. It is estimated that 20% of the type 2 DM patients reach end-stage renal disease (ESRD) during their lifetime. Recently, it has been proposed that hypomagnesaemia is a novel factor implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Considering this, a study was designed to estimate the prevalence and association of hypomagnesaemia with diabetic nephropathy in North Indian population.

Materials and methods:

The investigated clinical group composed of 100 type 2 diabetics, grouped into two, on the basis of presence or absence of diabetic nephropathy with n=50 each. Biochemical investigations including fasting blood sugar (BS-F), blood urea, creatinine, magnesium (Mg), urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (U-A/C ratio) were carried out. Descriptive statistics was applied to described frequency and means. χ2-Test and Student’s t-tests were used to analyze associations between categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Pearson’s correlation was done to find the association of nephropathy with hypomagnesaemia.

Results:

We observed that 37% of diabetic patients had hypomagnesaemia (mean=1.40±0.16 mg/dL). There was also a significantly higher prevalence of hypomagnesaemia (52%) in DM nephropathy patients (mean=1.62±0.31 mg/dL) compared to without nephropathy patients (22%, mean=1.86±0.28 mg/dL). Serum magnesium levels were significantly inversely correlated with serum creatinine (r=–0.222, p=0.026) and U-A/C ratio (r=–0.352, p=0.000), and positively correlated with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (r=0.304, p=0.002).

Conclusion:

We concluded that hypomagnesaemia was significantly associated with higher prevalence of diabetic nephropathy and can be used as a marker for the risk of development of diabetic nephropathy.
The Nasal Geometry of the Reindeer Gives Energy-Efficient Respiration
Authors: Magnanelli Elisa , Wilhelmsen Øivind , Acquarone Mario , Folkow Lars P. , Kjelstrup Signe
Published: July 2016

Reindeer in the arctic region live under very harsh conditions and may face temperatures below 233 K. Therefore, efficient conservation of body heat and water is important for their survival. Alongside their insulating fur, the reindeer nasal mechanism for heat and mass exchange during respiration plays a fundamental role. We present a dynamic model to describe the heat and mass transport that takes place inside the reindeer nose, where we account for the complicated geometrical structure of the subsystems that are part of the nose. The model correctly captures the trend in experimental data for the temperature, heat and water recovery in the reindeer nose during respiration. As a reference case, we model a nose with a simple cylindrical-like geometry, where the total volume and contact area are the same as those determined in the reindeer nose. A comparison of the reindeer nose with the reference case shows that the nose geometry has a large influence on the velocity, temperature and water content of the air inside the nose. For all investigated cases, we find that the total entropy production during a breathing cycle is lower for the reindeer nose than for the reference case. The same trend is observed for the total energy consumption. The reduction in the total entropy production caused by the complicated geometry is higher (up to -20 %) at more extreme ambient conditions, when energy efficiency is presumably more important for the maintenance of energy balance in the animal. In the literature, a hypothesis has been proposed, which states that the most energy-efficient design of a system is characterized by equipartition of the entropy production. In agreement with this hypothesis, we find that the local entropy production during a breathing cycle is significantly more uniform for the reindeer nose than for the reference case. This suggests that natural selection has favored designs that give uniform entropy production when energy efficiency is an issue. Animals living in the harsh arctic climate, such as the reindeer, can therefore serve as inspiration for a novel industrial design with increased efficiency.
Fetal loss following invasive prenatal testing: a comparison of transabdominal chorionic villus sampling, transcervical chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis
Authors: Niederstrasser Svenja Laura , Hammer Kerstin , Möllers Mareike , Falkenberg Maria Karina , Schmidt Rene , Steinhard Johannes , Klockenbusch Walter , Schmitz Ralf
Published: July 2016

Objective:

The aim of this study was to compare transabdominal chorionic villus sampling, transcervical chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis with respect to their total fetal loss rates.

Methods:

We retrospectively evaluated procedures of invasive prenatal testing performed during a 14-year period (2001–2014) including 936 amniocentesis procedures and 1051 chorionic villus samplings, of which 405 cases were executed transabdominally and 646 transcervically. Only singleton pregnancies before 24 weeks and 0 days of gestation where the pregnancy outcome was known were included. Fetal loss was defined as an abortion occurring either before 24 weeks and 0 days of gestation or <2 weeks after the procedure.

Results:

The total fetal loss rates were determined to be 1.73% for transabdominal chorionic villus sampling, 2.01% for transcervical chorionic villus sampling and 1.18% for amniocentesis. No statistically noticeable differences between the total fetal loss rates of all three procedures were found (P=0.399).

Conclusion:

Our study has shown that chorionic villus sampling (either transabdominal or transcervical) and amniocentesis are equal methods for invasive prenatal testing with respect to their abortion risk.
New modification of Maheshwari’s method with optimal eighth order convergence for solving nonlinear equations
Authors: Sharifi Somayeh , Ferrara Massimiliano , Salimi Mehdi , Siegmund Stefan
Published: July 2016

In this paper, we present a family of three-point with eight-order convergence methods for finding the simple roots of nonlinear equations by suitable approximations and weight function based on Maheshwari’s method. Per iteration this method requires three evaluations of the function and one evaluation of its first derivative. These class of methods have the efficiency index equal to

8

1
4

≈
1.682

${8^{{\textstyle{1 \over 4}}}} \approx 1.682$

. We describe the analysis of the proposed methods along with numerical experiments including comparison with the existing methods. Moreover, the attraction basins of the proposed methods are shown with some comparisons to the other existing methods.
Kinetics of oxygen adsorption on ZnS nanoparticles synthesized by precipitation process
Authors: Ahmadi Reza , Sadrnezhad Seyyed Khatiboleslam , Zangeneh Rashin Namivandi , Oghabian Mohammad Ali
Published: July 2016

ZnS nanoparticles were synthesized through a one-step precipitation process. Effect of time and temperature on the formation reaction was investigated. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet (UV) visible absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectrophotometry. Based on XRD and UV-Vis data, the particles produced at 70 °C had a mean particle size of about 5 nm. Increasing time and temperature of the synthesis reaction resulted in photoluminescence intensification. PL spectroscopy helped understanding the adsorption kinetics of oxygen on ZnS nanoparticles during the precipitation synthesis process. Fabrication of ZnS structures with appropriate oxygen adsorption capacity was suggested as a means of PL emission intensity control.
Ultrasound mediated synthesis of CuS nanocrystallites
Authors: Panda B.B. , Sharma B. , Rana R.K.
Published: July 2016

We present a unique ultrasonication based method for the preparation of copper sulphide nanoparticles in ambient air using a single precursor complex, which acts as a source of both metal and sulphur. The nanoparticles of 3.31 nm have been prepared successfully by the method and characterized using powder X-ray diffractogram (PXRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis UV-Vis spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results proved that copper sulphide nanoparticles of hexagonal structure (covellite phase) can be prepared by sonochemical method within a very short reaction time of ~5 min. The band gap of the nanomaterial has also been calculated from absorption spectrum and was found to be 2.36 eV.
Modification in surface properties of poly-allyl-diglycol-carbonate (CR-39) implanted by Au+ions at different fluences
Authors: Sagheer Riffat , Rafique M. Shahid , Saleemi Farhat , Arif Shafaq , Naab Fabian , Toader Ovidiu , Mahmood Arshad , Rashid Rashad , Hussain Irshad
Published: July 2016

Ion implantation has a potential to modify the surface properties and to produce thin conductive layers in insulating polymers. For this purpose, poly-allyl-diglycol-carbonate (CR-39) was implanted by 400 keV Au+ions with ion fluences ranging from 5 × 1013ions/cm2to 5 × 1015ions/cm2. The chemical, morphological and optical properties of implanted CR-39 were analyzed using Raman, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The electrical conductivity of implanted samples was determined through four-point probe technique. Raman spectroscopy revealed the formation of carbonaceous structures in the implanted layer of CR-39. From FT-IR spectroscopy analysis, changes in functional groups of CR-39 after ion implantation were observed. AFM studies revealed that morphology and surface roughness of implanted samples depend on the fluence of Au ions. The optical band gap of implanted samples decreased from 3.15 eV (for pristine) to 1.05 eV (for sample implanted at 5 × 1015ions/cm2). The electrical conductivity was observed to increase with the ion fluence. It is suggested that due to an increase in ion fluence, the carbonaceous structures formed in the implanted region are responsible for the increase in electrical conductivity.
Crystal structure of aqua-(5-nitrosalicylato-κ2
O,O′)-(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2
N,N′)copper(II), C19H13CuN3O6
Authors: Tang Zhiwei , Xie Guixiang , Dong Yan , Wen Decai
Published: July 2016

C19H13CuN3O6, monoclinic, P21/c, a = 7.208(3) Å, b = 21.720(8) Å, c = 11.098(5) Å, β = 99.085(17)°, V = 1715.8(12) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0428, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1044, T = 293 K.
Review of the Performance of High-Strength Rubberized Concrete and Its Potential Structural Applications
Authors: Li D. , Mills J. E. , Benn T. , Ma X. , Gravina R. , Zhuge Y.
Published: July 2016

Partially replacing concrete aggregates with recycled materials could help to combat the decreasing availability of some natural resources (like natural sand) and at the same time help to utilize growing quantities of waste material like used tires. This idea has been put into practice to develop a more sustainable concrete material called rubberized concrete or crumbed rubber concrete (CRC). CRC has improved structural ductility and impact resistance but can have lower strength than traditional concrete. Most research to date has focused on low strength CRC and its non-structural applications. However, recent research has shown that high-strength CRC (HSCRC) can be achieved through rubber pre-treatment, using various additives, optimal rubber content, or good grading of combined rubber sizes. This paper reviews the research undertaken to date in HSCRC (defined as compressive strength over 30 MPa), focusing primarily on the material properties but also considering the potential structural applications of HSCRC. Finally, the future research necessary to prove the viability of HSCRC for structural reinforced concrete applications is discussed.
A Test Apparatus for Alternating Flow in Geotechnical Engineering
Authors: Kayser Jan , Karl Fabian , Schürenkamp David , Schwab Nora , Oumeraci Hocine
Published: July 2016

Alternating flows in the ground have a detrimental effect on the internal stability of the ground at the bottom of bodies of water, at offshore structures, coastal protection structures, and revetments. A test apparatus for alternating flow was constructed for the purpose of investigating various problems relating to alternating flow in the ground. It was used to conduct investigations into the stability of granular filters for offshore wind turbines subjected to high levels of alternating hydraulic loads. The design criteria for granular filters subjected to oscillating loads must be considerably more stringent than those for granular filters subjected to unidirectional flow. It was also possible to demonstrate that the hydraulic loads due to waves have a significant effect on the filter stability in the area relevant for offshore structures.
Enhanced Hardenability and Tempering Resistance of AISI 4130 Steel by Ni Addition
Authors: Martínez-Cazares G. M. , Almanza A. , Almanza E. , Lozano D. E.
Published: July 2016

The AISI 4130 steel grade is commonly used in piping systems, where optimum chemical composition and heat treatment can exhibit high yield strength, good ductility, and moderate weldability depending on composition. However, this steel grade is characterized by its low hardenability, which limits a good transformation during quenching in heavy sections. In order to improve hardenability, Ni was added and C was reduced for the same level of CE (0.7). Two chemical compositions were used; samples were quenched at critical cooling rate and tempered. With the addition up to 0.5 wt. % Ni, the alloy exhibited great improvement on strength and toughness; additionally, the alloy allowed an increase of 40°C on the tempering temperature for the same strength level. In the case of post-welding, heat treatment is required so that the alloy is less susceptible to suffering a drop in mechanical properties. Results of chemical composition, strength, and toughness are discussed.
Isolation of Separate Ureaplasma Species From Endotracheal Secretions of Twin Patients
Authors: Beeton Michael L. , Maxwell Nicola C. , Chalker Victoria J. , Brown Rebecca J. , Aboklaish Ali F. , Spiller O. Brad ,   for the ESCMID Study Group for Mycoplasma Infections
Published: July 2016

Isolation of Ureaplasma spp. from preterm neonates and the association with development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia has been previously investigated. However, few studies have contrasted the nature of infection in twins. In this article, we report that dizygotic twins (1 girl, 1 boy) born at 24 weeks gestation both yielded culturable Ureaplasma from endotracheal secretions. The samples were part of a serial blind collection cohort of ventilated premature neonates, and analysis of repeat cultures showed stable, separate infections over a period of 17 and 21 days, respectively. Immunoblot and probe-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis determined that Twin 1 was solely infected with Ureaplasma parvum (specifically, serovar 6 by gene sequencing), whereas Twin 2 was solely infected with Ureaplasma urealyticum (specifically, genotype A- serovars 2, 5, and 8 by gene sequencing). Immunoblot analysis found that the major surface antigen (multiple-banded antigen) altered relative mass for both strains during the course of infection. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of extracted endotracheal aspirates confirmed no evidence of mixed infection for either twin. Failure of sentinel ventilated preterm infants on the same ward to acquire Ureaplasma infection after the first week of birth suggests no cot-to-cot transfer of Ureaplasma infection occurred. This study demonstrated not only a contrasting clinical outcome for a set of twins infected with 2 separate species of Ureaplasma, but also the first real-time demonstration of multiple-banded antigen alteration and evolution of Ureaplasma over the course of a clinical infection.
Mejores prácticas para el lavado y manipulación de la bolsa de alimentación enteral Kangaroo
Authors: Cubero Alpízar Consuelo , Flores Martínez Luz Marina , Rodríguez Rodríguez Jenny
Published: July 2016

Introducción: La nutrición enteral es una valiosa herramienta en la terapia de los pacientes hospitalizados, especialmente en las unidades de cuidado intensivo y en pacientes que, por sus patologías, pierden su habilidad de ingerir alimentos.Metodología: se aplicó la metodología  que señala la práctica clínica basada en evidencia (PCBE) que trata de localizar hallazgos que respondan a la pregunta clínica planteada mediante el estudio y análisis de investigaciones primarias y originales de alta calidad científica.Resultados: Ningún estudio respondió directamente a la pregunta, sin embargo, varias investigaciones aluden que el lavado de manos y el uso de guantes limpios funcionan como estrategia para la manipulación y lavado de este dispositivo. La calidad de los estudios encontrados es baja ya que provienen de investigaciones basadas en la opinión de expertos y revisión de literatura de poca calidad.Conclusiones. No se encuentra evidencia significativa que respalde el uso de técnica aséptica médica y quirúrgica para el manejo y lavado de la bolsa Kangaroo de alimentación enteral.
Free vibration of functionally graded sandwich plates with stiffeners based on the third-order shear deformation theory
Authors: Dat Pham Tien , Thom Do Van , Luat Doan Trac
Published: July 2016

In this paper, the free vibration of functionally  sandwich grades plates with stiffeners is investigated by using the finite  element method. The material properties are assumed to be graded in the  thickness direction by a power-law distribution. Based on the third-order  shear deformation theory, the governing equations of motion are derived from  the Hamilton's principle. A parametric study is carried out to highlight the  effect of material distribution, stiffener parameters on the free  vibration characteristics of the plates.
Distribuição de colmo na estrutura vertical de pastos de capim Aruana e azevém anual submetidos a pastejo intermitente por ovinos
Authors: Zanini Guilherme Doneda , Santos Gabriela Trevisan , Schmitt Daniel , Padilha Deisy Andrade , Sbrissia André Fischer
Published: July 2016

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a participação relativa de colmo na estrutura vertical de pastos de capim Aruana e azevém anual submetidos a estratégias de pastejo intermitente por ovinos. Os tratamentos para o capim Aruana corresponderam a pastejos realizados quando os pastos atingiam 95 e 98% de interceptação da luz incidente (IL) até as alturas pós-pastejo de 10 e 15cm. Para o azevém anual, os tratamentos corresponderam a pastejos realizados quando os pastos atingiam 15 e 25cm de altura pré-pastejo até as alturas pós-pastejo de 4 e 8cm. O delineamento experimental utilizado para as duas espécies foi inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2x2, com três repetições. Para quantificação da massa de colmo na estrutura vertical dos pastos, foram realizadas duas amostragens no pré-pastejo por unidade experimental (piquetes de 196m²) utilizando-se um quadrado de 25cm x 25cm de lado, em cada ciclo de pastejo. As amostras foram coletadas de forma estratificada a cada 5cm até o nível do solo. Após o corte estratificado, o material foi separado em colmo, folhas e material morto. Independente da espécie vegetal ou da altura de entrada, aproximadamente 90% de todo o colmo dos pastos encontra-se presente até 50% da altura do pasto, indicando que possíveis reduções em consumo a partir desse momento no rebaixamento podem ser atribuídas a dificuldades em manipulação e apreensão da forragem.
A-frame rocker bearing replacement at Humber Bridge, UK
Authors: Collins John , Smith Daniel
Published: July 2016

Routine inspections of the A-frame bearing rockers on the Humber Bridge, UK, led to concerns over lack of articulation and potential premature wear. Following design optioneering, an innovative scheme was selected to replace the main span’s A-frames with a pair of vertically orientated pendels and a wind shoe at each tower, thus separating out the horizontal and vertical forces, with benefits for construction and maintenance. This paper describes the design and £4 million, 2 year replacement project. The works were carried out in a very confined environment, and required significant strengthening to the existing bridge to accommodate the new permanent and temporary design elements. The project was completed in 2015, all under live traffic, and has ensured the future integrity of this world-class structure.
Recycling construction materials – proud tradition and bright future
Authors: Sims Ian
Published: July 2016

Salvaging and recycling construction materials, which has gone on for thousands of years, looks set to increase in the future. Ian Sims of RSK Environment reports on the latest trends detailed in a recent themed issue of the Institution of Civil Engineers’ journal Construction Materials.
Comparison of ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) with cuffed and uncuffed endotracheal tubes in infants
Authors: Ozden Eyyup Sabri , Meco Basak Ceyda , Alanoglu Zekeriyya , Alkıs Neslihan
Published: July 2016

We aimed to compare cuffed and uncuffed endotracheal tubes (ETTs) with ProSealTM laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) in terms of airway security and extubation, starting out from the hypothesis that PLMA will provide alternative airway safety to the endotracheal tubes, and that airway complications will be less observed. After obtaining approval from the local Ethics Committee and parental informed consent, 120 pediatric patients 1-24 months old, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-II, requiring general anesthesia for elective lower abdominal surgery, were randomized into PLMA (Group P, n = 40), cuffed ETT (Group C, n = 40), and uncuffed ETT (Group UC, n = 40) groups. The number of intubation or PLMA insertion attempts was recorded. Each patient’s epigastrium was auscultated for gastric insufflation, leak volumes and air leak fractions (leak volume/inspiratory volume) were recorded. Post-operative adverse events related to airway management were also followed up during the first post-operative hour. Demographic and surgical data were similar among the groups. There were significantly fewer airway manipulations in the Group P than in the other groups (p < 0.01), and leak volume and air leak fractions were greater in the Group UC than in the other two groups (p < 0.01). Laryngospasm was significantly lower in the Group P during extubation and within the first minute of post-extubation than in the other groups (p < 0.01). Based on this study, PLMA may be a good alternative to cuffed and uncuffed ETTs for airway management of infants due to the ease of manipulation and lower incidence of laryngospasm.
Taming Distraction: The Second Screen Assemblage, Television and the Classroom
Authors: Stauff Markus
Published: July 2016

This article argues that television’s resilience in the current media landscape can best be understood by analyzing its role in a broader quest to organize attention across different media. For quite a while, the mobile phone was considered to be a disturbance both for watching television and for classroom teaching. In recent years, however, strategies have been developed to turn the second screen’s distractive potential into a source for intensified, personalized and social attention. This has consequences for television’s position in a multimedia assemblage: television’s alleged specificities (e.g. liveness) become mouldable features, which are selectively applied to guide the attention of users across different devices and platforms. Television does not end, but some of its traditional features do only persist because of its strategic complementarity with other media; others are re-adapted by new technologies thereby spreading televisual modes of attention across multiple screens. The article delineates the historical development of simultaneous media use as a ‘problematization’—from alternating (and competitive) media use to multitasking and finally complementary use of different media. Additionally, it shows how similar strategies of managing attention are applied in the ‘digital classroom’. While deliberately avoiding to pin down, what television is, the analysis of the problem of attention allows for tracing how old and new media features are constantly reshuffled. This article combines three arguments: (1) the second screen is conceived of as both a danger to attention and a tool to manage attention. (2) To organize attention, the second screen assemblage modulates the specific qualities of television and all the other devices involved. (3) While being a fragile and often inconsistent assemblage, the second screen spreads its dynamics—and especially the problem of attention—far beyond television, e.g. into the realm of teaching.
Hungarian Energy Prices in an OECD Comparison
Authors: Bartha Zoltán
Published: July 2016

The goal of the study is to assess the effect of the utility cost reductions announced by the Hungarian government in 2012 on Hungarian energy prices. The effects are discussed in an OECD comparison. It is concluded that the government price control has resulted in a 15% steeper price reduction occurring 5-7 quarters earlier, compared to other OECD countries. The price reductions saved around 202 billion HUF for Hungarian households in 2014, which was around 0.63% of the GDP. If prices are compared to the monthly average wages however, household energy prices are still high in Hungary. One of the costs of the reduction in household energy prices was an increase in energy prices for industry: the industry/household price ratio is highest among OECD countries in the case of natural gas, and third highest for electricity.
Green Supply Chain Management : Motivation, Methods and Expectations – in Hungarian Automotive Oems
Authors: Gábriel Monika
Published: July 2016

The aim of the paper is to analyse the green supply chain management (GSCM) practices of Hungarian automotive OEMs (original equipment manufacturers) – three car manufacturers and a truck manufacturer. For the analysis I performed a questionnaire survey that included the topics of motivation and barriers of GSCM, the methods applied, cooperation in the supply chain and green performance. The results show the importance of GSCM in Hungarian automotive OEM operation, the most improved fields and the most popular methods. We will see what the strongest motivation factors for green practices are, and what improvements the companies experience in theirperformance.
Factors Affecting the Amount of Time Required to Prepare Investment Decisions in Hungarian Processing Industries
Authors: Szűcs Markovics Klára
Published: July 2016

The present study addresses factors that influence the amount of time required to prepare investment decisions in Hungarian processing industries based on the findings of a survey conducted among Hungarian manufacturing companies in 2012. The aim of this study is to investigate the amount of time companies spent on preparing high-volume investment decisions and to find out whether equity ratios or company size have any impact on the length of decision preparation. The survey revealed that companies spent several months on making investment-related decisions. The findings also showed that small companies spent less time on pre-investment activities than large companies.