bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial de apresentação
Authors: Vieira Francisco Giovanni David
Published: December 2020

Editorial de apresentação da RIMAR volume 9, número 2, julho-dezembro de 2019
Selecting the first line treatment in non-metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma - comparing clinical practice guidelines
Authors: Jogi Soumya , Varanai Radha , Bantu Sravani S. , Manne Ashish
Published: December 2020

Primary malignancy of the liver or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unique in its presentation, disease process, and management. Unlike breast or colon cancer, the staging of HCC depends on performance status and baseline liver function along with pathological characteristics. Apart from traditional options like surgery and systemic therapy, effective management can be achieved in selected cases with liver transplant and locoregional therapy (LRT) like transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), transarterial radioembolization (TARE), and ablation. Liver study societies and cancer groups across the globe proposed guidelines to aid the treating physicians in choosing first-line treatment for liver cancer. It is tough to compare these guidelines as they differ not only in treatment recommendations but also in risk assessment (and staging). The approach to the same patient may be different in the country he or she is managed. In clinical practice, decisions are usually taken on the consensus of multidisciplinary tumor boards and do not necessarily adhere to any guidelines. In the early (and very early) stage HCC, curative options like surgery, transplant, and ablation are recommended. In intermediate stage HCC, LRT (TACE and TARE) is preferred in the first line and systemic therapy for treatment failure or residual disease. Systemic therapy, including the atezolizumab/bevacizumab combination and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) like sorafenib and lenvatinib, is used for advanced stages. Supportive care is advised for terminal stage HCC.
Modified transclavicular-transmanubrial approach to cervicothoracic spine: Revisiting and Renovating the Path – Lessons learned
Authors: Vasan T , Rao Raghavendra
Published: December 2020

Introduction: A thorough knowledge of the vital structures adds to the safety in approaching the cervicothoracic spine junction. The best described method to reach the spine is via viscero-neurovascular space. We present our experience of 10 cases operated at our institute using the modified transclavicular transmanubrial approach to the cervicothoracic spine pathology.As we gained experience we have used various corridors to the operating field and used a new space to approach the lower cervicothoracic junction spine. Methods: Between February 2011 to August 2015, 10 patients with disease in upper thoracic vertebral body were admitted and evaluated clinically and radiologically. Neurological status in all cases was graded according to Frankel grading system.Patients were followed up with Histopathological reports and treated accordingly. Results: All patients(except metastasis) improved by 1 or 2 grade in post op period. Metastasis patients remained in same grade. Conclusion: Anterior approach with its modifications are the better suited biomechanically for exploring the pathology of cervicothoracic spine,its decompression and stabilization. Also it preserves the stability of shoulder girdle with good neurological and cosmetic outcome.
Racial disparities in the incidence and survival of spinal meningioma
Authors: Dibas Mahmoud , Rajab Ahmad , Atiah Mohammad , Aljundi Saadi , Ghozy Sherief , Phan Kevin , Saquib Nazmus
Published: December 2020

Objective: Race is a significant prognostic factor in various cancers, including the breast. Its prognostic association with spinal meningioma has not been established, although the incidence of spinal meningioma varies by race. In this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to investigate the association of race with the incidence and survival of spinal meningioma among a large population sample. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search was done in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database between 2000 and 2016 to identify patients with spinal meningioma. Overall and race-specific incidence were calculated. The effect of race on overall survival among these patients was determined with Kaplan–Meier curve and Cox proportional hazard models. Results: Of 3502 spinal meningioma patients, 82.6% were Caucasian, 7.7% were African-American, 8.8% were Asian/Pacific Islander and 0.7% were American Indian/Alaska Native. The overall age-adjusted incidence was 0.239/100,000; it was highest among Caucasian (0.249) and lowest among American Indian/Alaska Native patients (0.137). There was a race effect in overall survival in the unadjusted analysis with the worst overall survival reported for Caucasian patients, and the best reported for American Indian/Alaska Native patients. However, this relationship was insignificant in the adjusted analysis. Conclusions: Race was not significantly associated with overall survival among these patients. Future studies should use spinal-meningioma-specific survival as outcome to see whether there is a racial difference in survival.
Getting more out of follow-up three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography in endovascularly treated intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Phadke Rajendra , Singh Vivek , Balaguruswamy Madan , Udiya Alok , Shetty Gurucharan , Prasad Surya , Mittal Somit , Chauhan Gaurav , Dhull Vedita , Neyaz Zafar
Published: December 2020

Background: We retrospectively re-evaluated follow-up three-dimensional (3D) time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in patients with aneurysms treated with coiling at our Institute. Aims: To document the type and frequency of postcoiling residue patterns as seen on follow-up MRA and to document their evolution with time where a further follow-up MRA was available. To assess the implications of the location of the aneurysm on residue and recurrence. Subjects and Methods: 3D TOF MRA for 104 aneurysms were evaluated for residue size and residue pattern. Mainly, three residue patterns were identified. The aneurysms were allocated to different groups depending on the location. Multiple MRA studies were available in subgroup 1* and subgroup 2* where the residue growth or reduction and pattern change was noted and residue growth rates were calculated. Results: Collectively 54 (51.92%) aneurysms showed occlusion (pattern 1 and 1A), 31 (29.81%) showed neck residue (pattern 2A, 2B and 2C) and 19 (18.27%) showed recurrence (pattern 3A, 3B and 3C, residue size >3 mm) at the last follow-up MRA. Type 2A/3A patterns were more common. In terms of residue and recurrence, the distally located aneurysms (Group 3) appeared to do well. For those showing growing residue/recurrence, the average growth rate was calculated at 0.094 mm/month and 0.15 mm/month, respectively, for subgroup 1* and subgroup 2*, although the difference was not statistically significant. With longer follow-up the persisting and growing residues from both the subgroups, not warranting early re-treatment, showed a low growth rate at approximately 0.05 mm/month. Conclusions: TOF MRA helps in identifying different residue patterns in coiled aneurysms. Serial follow-up MRA appears useful in showing the pattern and size changes in the residual aneurysm. Although more work is required in this regard, calculation of aneurysm/residue growth rate may be useful in prognostication and in scheduling further follow-up or retreatment. The risk factor related to the location of the aneurysm warrants further study.
Determination of Critical Pattern of 60 Meter Ship Construction Project Using Precedence Diagram Method (PDM)
Authors: Sumantri Siswo Hadi , Thamrin Suyono , Putra Apriyanto I. Nengah , Suhardono Edi , Rudiawan Beny , Susanto Arica Dwi
Published: December 2020

PT. XYZ in Surabaya is engaged in the production of commercial ships, providing ship repair and maintenance services as well as general engineering with specifications based on orders. Along with the development of the technology industry, ship production requires every shipyard to evaluate the system used. The time delay is the problem of building a 60 meter commercial ship. The Precedence Diagram Method (PDM) is a method for scheduling project time and showing critical trajectories of project activities. The results showed that in the project scheduling, there are 13 activities that have a zero value or critical activity which are activities Hull Fabrication, Hull Sub Assembly, Hull Assembly, Hull Erection, Blasting and Painting Raw Material, Finishing Hull, Anode, Machinery Outfitting, Cabling, Computing and Information, Machinery Commisioning, Equipment Commisioning, Harbour Acceptance Test, Yard Trial, Delivery to Customer So that it needs more strict control and supervision from the contractor in carrying out the activities of the 60 meter commercial ship building project activities for each activity/activity so that it does not experience delays and the project can be completed on time.
Топос «Киборга»: Европа vs Азия
Authors: Obolkina Svetlana V.
Published: December 2020

Статья посвящена теме постгуманизма и футурологической перспективе киборгизации. Мифологема «киборг» и ее воплощение во франшизе «Призрак в доспехах» выступает предметным полем исследования и анализируется в качестве вторичной интенции. Метод топологической рефлексии позволяет рассматривать это произведение массового искусства как культурное «бессознательное» и поставить главный вопрос: является ли данная футурологическая интенция универсальной или существует специфика азиатского и европейского подхода к киборгизации? Проведенный анализ позволяет утверждать, что мифологема «киборг», демонстрируя топологическую непрерывность в качестве атмосферы киберпанка, все же распадается на два топоса – азиатский и европейский. В этих топосах традируются базовые для этих культур религиозные установки (в их секулярном воплощении); топос «киборга» реализуется в форме двух футурологических «сюжетов» – филлидозного и богоборческого. Таким образом, как минимум на данный момент представление о некоем универсальном глобальном будущем и о «стирании» культурной дифференциации выступает ошибкой прогнозирования; выявленные «сюжеты» не могут быть реализованы в качестве универсальной перспективы развития, поскольку они выступают конфликтующими версиями будущего. Данный вывод может иметь значение как для футурологии, так и для широкого круга исследований, касающихся социокультурной специфики Азии и Европы.
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF ADVANCED RAILWAY TECHNOLOGY IN NIGERIA
Authors: Ebipre Pullah
Published: December 2020

Railways network system has created billions of dollars in different economies around the world. The railway system has served as a source of revenue for many advanced nations. This study tends to look at the economic benefit of railway system in Nigeria. Two research questions were used for the study. The survey research design was used in the study. The researchers used a total of 740 individuals including business operators for the study. The study used random sampling technique to select 240 experts which represents 10% of the population used for the study. The researcher developed an instrument titled “Economic Impact of Advanced Railway Technology” (EIART). The instrument is a questionnaire item consisting of 2 items. The data obtained from the study was computed using percentages. Findings from research question 1, table 1 revealed that 47% of individuals to a very high extent agreed that advanced railway system can encourage economic growth in Nigeria. Also, 47% of individuals to a high extent agreed that advanced railway system can encourage economic growth in Nigeria. 6% of individuals to a moderate extent agreed that advanced railway system can encourage economic growth in Nigeria. Research question 2, table 2 revealed that 8% of individuals to a very high extent agreed that advanced railway technology will create jobs and other business opportunities in Nigeria. Also, 46% of individuals to a high extent agreed that advanced railway technology will create jobs and other business opportunities in Nigeria. 39% of individuals to a moderate extent agreed that advanced railway technology will create jobs and other business opportunities in Nigeria. Finally, 7% of individuals strongly disagree that advanced railway technology will create jobs and other business opportunities in Nigeria. Finally it was recommended that government should advance its projects towards installing advanced railway system to encourage more industrialization and movement of goods and services to the benefit of the nation.
On The Curves $N-T^{\ast }N^{\ast }$ in $E^3$
Authors: KILIÇOGLU Şeyda , ŞENYURT Süleyman
Published: December 2020

In this paper we have defined and examined the new kind curves, with the principal normal vector of the first curve and the vector lying on the osculator plane of the second curve are linearly dependent. As a result we
have called these new curves as $N-T^{\ast }N^{\ast }$ curves. Also similiar to the other offset curves under the spesific condition, we give Frenet apparatus of the second curve based on the Frenet apparatus of the
first curve.
TO THE PROBLEM OF STUDYING THE PREREQUISITES OF THE NATIONAL STATEHOOD OF THE CHUVASH
Authors: Korshunova Olga N. , Kadyrov Ramil V.
Published: December 2020

The article presents a historiographical analysis of methodological approaches to the concepts of “the service class Tatars”, “the service class Chuvash” and “the tribute Chuvash”. These social categories of the population of the late medieval period who lived in the territory of the Middle Volga region, including the Chuvash region, for a long period caused historians’ interest to the problem of their ethnicity. In the period of land expansion of the Moscow state and the formation of the Russian state (second half of the 16th–19th centuries), individual representatives of the Chuvash ethnos formed part of the ethnosocial category of service class people. As representatives of the military service class, they participated in military companies on the side of the Moscow state and drew duties of a security service for the protection of its south-eastern borders. In the middle of the 16th–17th centuries the Chuvash region became a territory of colonization and integration into the system of the Russian statehood. Moreover, the Chuvash land became one of the most important outposts in the process of expanding the territorial borders of Russia. The Chuvash, who were in the service corporation, took an active part in the events. The process of colonization and integration into the system of Russian statehood became a stage for the formation of prerequisites for the formation of the Chuvash ethnos, which later developed into a state-constituting one. It is in the era under consideration in the Chuvash region that the settlement structure, specifics of spiritual culture, economic and domestic life were formed, as well as the city-fortress Alatyr was built which was one of the leading strategic points of the Moscow state in the eastern direction.

The retrospective analysis of the statehood history of the Chuvash prompts to have a new look at historical processes related to the prerequisites of its formation and, in particular, interaction with other peoples of the Middle Volga region, and to enrich ideas about the role of the Chuvash in the formation of a multinational Russian state.
ACTIVITIES OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AND PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF MORDOVIA ON ADAPTATION OF MIGRANT STUDENTS TO THE NEW SOCIO-CULTURAL SPACE: HISTORY AND MODERNITY
Authors: Akhanteva Natalia V. , Abduganiev Nazirjon N.
Published: December 2020

The Russian Federation is a multinational state. Globalization of the modern world leads to an increase in international ties. All this is reflected in the main directions of the state policy in the field of strengthening international cooperation and forming respect for historical values and cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian state.

The authors consider the main directions of activities carried out by regional higher educational institutions and public organizations in the field of adaptation of migrant students in the sociocultural space which is new for them.

Since migrant students are a special category of population because of their age and social status, it is characterized by a number of special problems. Migrant students face many stressful effects of their new life environment. The quicker they adapt to new conditions, the more successful their learning process will be. Adaptation of international students has a long time character, as it is a very complex process. Students-migrants face great difficulties, among which are: a new sociocultural environment, unusual climatic conditions, an unfamiliar language and educational system.

As practice shows, for a large number of foreign students, getting education in Russia is the so-called “launching pad” into future life. When receiving Russian education, foreign students hope to relocate to Russia for permanent residence, taking the citizenship of our state.

Mordovian higher educational institutions continue to increase the export of educational services. Every year the geography of countries is expanding, admission of students from abroad increases. This trend will continue, as one of the objectives of the national project “Education” is to increase the number of foreign students.
The Academic Motivation Scale (AMS): Factorial Structure, Validity and Reliability of The Romanian Version
Authors: Miulescu Amalia
Published: December 2020

This study presents the Romanian adaptation of The Academic Motivation Scale (AMS). The AMS scale was based on Self-Determination Theory (Ryan & Deci, 1985) which identifies, along a continuum, from not self – determined behavior to self – determined, 3 different types of motivation: amotivation, extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation, grouped in seven dimensions. Two studies were conducted to examine the factorial structure and validity (i.e., construct, concurrent and predictive validity) of the scale along with its reliability properties. For study 1, the results obtained from a sample that included 228 students from the University of Bucharest, confirmed the 7 factors structure of the scale and verified adequate psychometric properties of this version (Cronbach alpha ranged between .69 to .87 with a mean of .81). Study 2, evaluated the temporal stability using a sample of 107 participants (r test-retest, ranged from .52 to .69). The findings of the present study showed that AMS is a valid measure and can be used in the Romanian cultural area.
Construção de residências populares visando soluções de baixo custo sob o conceito da eficiência energética e a sustentabilidade
Authors: Rocha Raul Ferreira , Turdera Eduardo Mirko Valenzuela
Published: December 2020

O número de seres humanos vem aumentando ano após ano, logo, é natural se preocupar com a quantidade de moradias suficientes para comportar todo esse contingente. Para atender esta demanda, sem grandes impactos ao meio ambiente, é preciso levar em consideração o conceito de sustentabilidade, que nada mais é que uma totalidade de ações, ideias e estratégias que são viáveis economicamente e são corretas do ponto de vista ecológico social. O objetivo deste projeto foi desenvolver uma casa sustentável no consumo de energia elétrica, baseando-se no programa social do Governo Federal “Minha Casa, Minha Vida”. O primeiro passo foi tomar como modelo um imóvel já entregue na cidade e, partir dele, aplicar a sustentabilidade. O segundo passo foi pesquisar no comércio, equipamentos sustentáveis para a construção de residências, tais como tijolo modular e telhas ecológicas. Após a pesquisa, com a ajuda de uma engenheira civil credenciada, foi feito o orçamento da construção deste imóvel usando os materiais encontrados. Por fim, estimou-se com detalhes o consumo de energia elétrica e, a partir desse valor, foi dimensionado um sistema fotovoltaico, juntamente com o custo de um jardim vertical e, dessa forma, se obteve o custo total do imóvel. Conhecendo o número de casas entregues até o momento (2018) pelo projeto “Minha Casa, Minha Vida” realizou-se uma projeção para o número de moradias que seriam construídas e entregues nos próximos 20 anos. Com isso, multiplicou-se o número total de residências encontrado por meio da projeção, pelo consumo elétrico anual médio de uma casa, para assim se obter demanda de energia elétrica que seria poupada. Com esse cálculo foi possível detectar a redução no consumo de energia e, com isso, realizar uma análise sobre a geração de créditos de carbono e importação de gás natural de outros países.
Marketplace descentralizado para a Geração Distribuída – estrutura, governança e contribuições para o debate regulatório
Authors: Rolim Luiz A. G. , Toshioka Frank , Kussler Paulo Cesar , Vinícius Marcos
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho apresenta um Marketplace descentralizado para a geração distribuída (GD) baseado em Blockchain, uma tecnologia disruptiva de alto potencial de utilização na formação de mercados e aplicabilidade no setor elétrico. Motivado pela importância em se manter os estímulos de expansão da GD frente às iniciativas de transformação do mercado, o Marketplace, objeto de um projeto de P&D ANEEL, visa habilitar transações de energia diretamente entre prosumidores e consumidores, criando assim alternativas para a comercialização dos excedentes da produção renovável. O trabalho apresenta a estrutura do mercado, seus participantes, o modelo transacional baseado em leilões, o instrumento monetário E-token, os componentes da governança da rede de suporte Blockchain e contribuições para o debate regulatório, abordando a sustentabilidade do modelo proposto e pontos relacionados à sua inserção no mercado de energia elétrica.
Os desafios regulatórios e políticos do primeiro projeto de terminal de GNL no Brasil, elaborado pela Comgás em 1972: considerações acerca do cancelamento da obra e lições de uma iniciativa pioneira
Authors: Ramos Karina Ninni , Costa Hirdan Katarina de Medeiros , Santos Edmilson Moutinho dos
Published: December 2020

Em 1972, a então Companhia Municipal de Gás, Comgás, elaborou um ambicioso Plano de Expansão que incluía a construção de um terminal de gás natural liquefeito (GNL) no litoral paulista. Naquele momento, a capital do estado de São Paulo era considerada um enorme mercado potencial de gás canalizado, com atendimento aproximado de apenas 80 mil clientes a partir de gás manufaturado de nafta, em uma usina recém-inaugurada. Foram consideradas opções de implantação de um terminal receptor em duas cidades litorâneas: Santos e São Sebastião. Entretanto, o transporte de óleo e gás era monopólio da União por meio da Lei 2004/53, que criou a Petrobras. As tentativas da Comgás de trazer GN para o Brasil não se concretizaram. A construção do terminal foi cancelada durante a gestão de Olavo Setúbal (Arena) na prefeitura de São Paulo (1975-1979), e o tema foi objeto inclusive de um esclarecimento prestado pelo ex-prefeito à CME da Câmara dos Deputados, em 1975. Este artigo se debruça sobre os desafios regulatórios e políticos do projeto pioneiro da Comgás e busca entender como esses desafios têm sido tratados recentemente – tendo em vista o desinvestimento da Petrobras em seus ativos no setor e também a perspectiva do país garantir acesso, a terceiros, aos terminais de regaseificação operados pela Petrobras, por meio de um Substitutivo à Lei do Gás (PL 6.407/2013).
Reflexões sobre o Programa Novo Mercado de Gás: abertura de mercado, transição e expansão do setor de gás natural no Brasil
Authors: Campos Adriana Fiorotti , Pereira Júnior Amaro Olímpio , Felipe Ednilson Silva
Published: December 2020

A importância do gás natural no contexto energético brasileiro é inquestionável, mesmo com a dificuldade de obtenção de investimento para ampliação da infraestrutura setorial. Para o enfrentamento deste obstáculo, sugeriu-se, nos últimos anos, que a ampliação da concorrência atrairia investimentos para o setor e, consequentemente, permitiria o desenvolvimento da indústria gasífera nacional. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os principais itens estabelecidos no Programa Novo Mercado de Gás e verificar se os esforços empreendidos de abertura de mercado de gás foram eficazes na expansão setorial. Conclui-se que a falta de harmonização entre as regulações estaduais e federal pode dificultar a formação de um mercado livre de gás natural ao ampliar os riscos regulatórios e políticos.
La consagración intelectual en la sociología argentina tras la recuperación de la democracia: un análisis de la publicación en revistas político-culturales
Authors: Bonacci Juan Martín
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo toma por objeto el proceso a través del cual las revistas político-culturales se erigieron como un modo de consagración intelectual de la sociología argentina durante el exilio y tras el retorno de la democracia. Considerando las diferentes facetas de su publicación, se propone comprender las redes que unieron a estas revistas con la sociología argentina y el modo en que la autoría intelectual propia de estas revistas incidió en la producción de los sociólogos en un contexto de reconstrucción del campo cultural local, prestando especial atención a las trayectorias de publicación de influyentes figuras como Juan Carlos Portantiero y José Aricó. El análisis se centra en las relaciones entre este tipo de publicaciones y el campo editorial. Finalmente, se subrayan algunos rasgos del declive de las revistas político-culturales, a pesar del reconocimiento que habían logrado en las nuevas generaciones de sociólogos formados en la democracia.
Analysis of the potential and fiscal effort of the countries of the West African Economic and Monetary Union
Authors: Kobyagda Larba Issa , Binin Kouadio Yves Arnaud
Published: December 2020

This article aimed to analyse the fiscal potential of member countries of the West African Economic and Monetary Union Commission (WAEMU) space. This issue seems to be relevant insofar as fiscal resources are a function of the states’ budget. The method of analysis used in this paper is the stochastic frontier model of Kumbakar, Lien & Hardaker (2014) for the period 1987-2017. The results showed that the tax burden is determined by structural factors and that in most countries the tax potential can be further exploited. Similarly, the tax effort can be improved for a more visible performance in terms of resource mobilisation in the majority of countries. These results can contribute to improving the choice and decisions of the WAEMU Commission on fiscal policies.
Does digitalisation improve the mobilisation of tax revenues in Africa?
Authors: Bate Docteur Akouété Paulin
Published: December 2020

The objective of this paper is to examine the effect of digitalisation on tax revenue mobilisation in Africa. Using panel data from 40 selected african countries over the period 1980-2017, econometric estimates were implemented using the generalised method of moments. Our results indicated that digitisation has both a positive and significant effect on tax revenue mobilisation in Africa over the study period. They also revealed that economic activity, level of education, financial and industrial development are the channels through which digitalisation affects tax revenue mobilisation in Africa. These results urged policy makers to further promote the digitalisation of African economies for better tax revenue mobilisation. Finally, this study encourages African states to formulate policies with a focus on the factors that should lead to economic growth, human capital formation, financial and industrial development.
Civic pride and tax compliance in Kenya
Authors: Otindo Clement , Mbaire Racheal , Kanina Jane
Published: December 2020

Every government aspires to foster voluntary tax compliance; thus, the need to understand what citizens think about paying taxes other than taxes being a legal requirement. This paper analysed data collected through a nationwide survey on tax compliance. An ordered probit regression model was employed to examine the relationship between civic pride and tax compliance in Kenya. The findings indicated that tax compliance pertains to the relationship between individuals and the state. Individuals who are proud to be Kenyan and have faith in both the Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA) and the government depicted higher levels of compliance than those who were not proud and did not have faith in the institutions. Other factors that were found to significantly influence voluntary tax compliance in Kenya included age, gender, satisfaction with democracy, corruption in government and a fair tax system. Therefore, to improve voluntary tax compliance, the government and tax administration should adopt strategies aimed at increasing taxpayers’ confidence in the system. This include improved service delivery to the citizenry especially health and education, fair and equitable distribution of resources, fair treatment to all, eradication of corruption and having a fair tax system.
Osmanlı İdaresinde Arnavutluk’ta Görülen Kripto (Gizli) Hıristiyanlar Üzerine Genel Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: RRUGA İlir
Published: December 2020

Balkan yarımadası Osmanlı Devleti’nin hâkimiyetine girdikten sonra orada yaşayan farklı milletler ile Osmanlılar arasında karşılıklı bir şekilde sosyo-kültürel, ekonomik, dinî vb. alanlarda bir etkileşim ve gelişim meydana gelmiştir. Bu etkileşim ve gelişimin nasıl olduğuna dair objektif ve sübjektif bazı çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bu hususla ilgili son araştırmalarda ortaya çıkan ortak kanaat, Osmanlıların fethettikleri yeni bölgelerdeki Gayri Müslimlere İslâm dinini telkin etmekle birlikte onların din, gelenek ve örflerini zorla değiştirme politikaları izlemedikleri gerçeğidir. Nitekim Osmanlılar Balkanlarda 5 asır hâkimiyet sürmekle birlikte 20. yüzyıla gelindiğinde sadece Arnavutların ekseriyeti ve Boşnakların İslam’ı benimsedikleri görülmektedir. Arnavutların İslâm dinini benimsedikleri dönemlere bakıldığında Kripto (gizli) Hıristiyan grupların değişik bölgelerde ve dönemlerde ortaya çıkmaları dikkatimizi çekmektedir. Kripto Hıristiyan vakaları Osmanlı’nın diğer Balkan bölgelerinde, Kıbrıs, Adalar, Trabzon vb. gibi yerlerde de görülmüştür. Bu makale günümüz Arnavutluk’un sınırları içerisinde meydana gelen Kripto Hıristiyan olaylarını incelemeyi amaçlar. Araştırmanın temel kaynaklarını o dönemin papaz raporları ve Osmanlı arşiv belgeleri oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca bu konuyla ilgili yapılan yerli ve yabancı yeni çalışmalara da atıf yapılmıştır.
BUILDINGS DESIGN INTEGRATION WITH GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES AND AIR CONDITIONING APPLICATIONS
Authors: Osama Radwan Abeer
Published: December 2020

Nowadays global warming and thermal islands in modern cities are spending much energy on heating and cooling spaces. Geothermal energy considered a renewable energy technology for space heating and cooling. The ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) are increasingly interested in their expressive potential to reduce fossil fuel consumption and hence reduce greenhouse gases. Geothermal energy used for both electricity generation and direct use, depending on the temperature and the chemistry of the resources. Recently, direct utilization has varied significantly, and there are several methods available for temperatures typically ranging from 4°C up to 80°C. (Lund J.W., 2012). This paper presents a comprehensive literature-based review of ground source heat pump technology, cooling, and heating applications buildings to achieve precisely human thermal comfort. Subsequently, propose the influence factors of the system components that would undoubtedly reflect on the optimal design of the building. As a result, achieve precisely an integrated building.
Subprojeto PIBID-Artes Visuais/UFSM: interlocuções entre arte e cultura afro-brasileira na educação básica
Authors: Taschetto Uberti Mariete , Valle Lutiere Dalla , Rosa Igor Carvalho da
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem como foco a formação docente a partir da abordagem edu(vo)cativa com base em experiências de aprendizagem realizadas junto ao Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação a Docência (PIBID) Artes Visuais – UFSM, na E. E. E. B. Augusto Ruschi, cidade de Santa Maria, RS. A partir da inserção dos estudantes na escola, foram desenvolvidos projetos que objetivaram, através do ensino das artes visuais, fomentar o debate entorno das questões étnico-raciais com uma turma de EJA Ensino Médio durante o segundo semestre de 2019. Fruto da articulação entre formação inicial e continuada, estudantes e docentes implicaram-se com a experiência artística onde objetos artísticos produzidos por artistas negros e negras, bem como suas narrativas, constituíram-se disparadores das aprendizagens. Como embasamento teórico-metodológico, foram utilizados Fernando Hernández (1998, 2007, 2013) no que diz respeito à perspectiva educativa da cultura visual e dos projetos de trabalho. Para abordar a potência edu(vo)cativa das imagens, recorremos a Lutiere Dalla Valle (2017, 2018, 2019) para analisar os relatos
programa residência pedagógica na perspectiva dos preceptores da área de ciências da natureza, na Universidade de Brasília
Authors: Murtadha Farah Camila , Pedreira Ana Júlia
Published: December 2020

A formação docente pode ser dividida em inicial e continuada, sendo a primeira a graduação e a segunda qualquer processo formativo que venha ocorrer após essa. O Programa Residência Pedagógica foi realizado durante os anos de 2018 e 2019, auxiliando no processo de formação dos discentes de licenciatura, complementando os estágios supervisionados obrigatórios da Universidade de Brasília. Isso se deve ao fato de que, os estágios têm como maior foco, a regência, não dispondo de muito tempo para outras atividades extraclasse. O Programa Residência Pedagógica de 2018 totalizou 440h de imersão do residente, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de outras atividades essenciais para a futura prática docente, favorecendo assim, a formação dos licenciandos. O objetivo dessa pesquisa, foi de investigar a percepção dos preceptores dos subprojetos da área de Ciências da Natureza, sobre o impacto do Programa na formação inicial de professores. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os preceptores, seguidos de uma análise de conteúdo. Como resultados observou-se que todos os preceptores reconhecem que o Programa Residência Pedagógica colaborou para a formação dos residentes e reforçam que não foi unidirecional, ou seja, o Programa também acrescentou na formação continuada dos próprios. São apontadas, também, críticas, tais como o não esclarecimento de algumas informações e a falta de acompanhamento. Porém, conclui-se que, na visão deles, a RP trouxe vantagens para a formação docente como um todo, aspirando a continuidade do projeto, com futuros editais.
Sequência didática em aulas de química: análise de percepções e aprendizagem sobre o tema polímeros
Authors: Pereira da Silva Lucicléia , Freitas da Silva Cássia de Paula , Bispo Gomes Edinelma , De Almeida Coelho Eduardo
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho é fruto das ações de intervenção promovidas por bolsistas de Química do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) da Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA). Teve como objetivo avaliar o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de alunos do 3º ano do ensino médio sobre o tema polímeros, desenvolvido por meio de uma Sequência Didática (SD). A pesquisa realizada possui cunho qualitativo, sendo o material empírico analisado as respostas dos alunos obtidas por meio da aplicação de dois questionários com perguntas abertas. O primeiro contendo questões para levantamento de conhecimentos prévios e o segundo voltado para análise de conhecimentos construídos e/ou (re) elaborados após aplicação da SD. Fez-se uso da análise de conteúdo para categorização e interpretação das respostas. Os resultados alcançados demonstraram a efetividade das ações, reforçando a importância de incluir temáticas associadas ao cotidiano dos estudantes para promoção de um ensino de química contextualizado e dinâmico.
Correlations Between Linear and Nonlinear Functions of Discrete Random Variables
Authors: Pandharikar Nanda
Published: December 2020

In this article correlation between simple linear and nonlinear functions of two random variables have been discussed. The study is carried out for two bivariate geometric distributions.
Gerilla’dan Simyacı’ya Nazir Akalın’ın Şiiri
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Tacettin , ARSLAN Mahmut Abdullah
Published: December 2020

Nazir Akalın (1964-2002) Erzurum’un yetiştirdiği şair, yazar ve akademisyenlerdendir. Türk edebiyatında “1980 Kuşağı” olarak anılan şairler arasında yer alır. Akalın’ın şiiri, Baki Asiltürk’ün “80 Kuşağı” tasnifinde iki farklı grup olarak ele aldığı “imge şiiri”yle “gelenekselci şiir”in birleştiği kavşakta doğar ve büyür.

Akalın, Gerilla Türküleri (1993) ile başladığı kitaplı şair serüvenini Kanayan Simya (1997) ile sürdürür. Başlangıçta atak, kavgacı bir karakterin yansıdığı şiirleri, sonraki dönemlerde yerini daha dingin ve bilge bir söyleyişe bırakır; klasik şiirle çağdaş söyleyişi sentezleyen bir çizgiye yaklaşır. Ses, ritim ve içerik bakımından klasik şiirden beslenir, imge ağırlıklı bir şiir kurar. Gazel, kaside gibi eski nazım biçimlerini kullandığı şiirleri de vardır. Aşk, yalnızlık, hüzün, özlem, yaşama sevinci, yurt sevgisi gibi temaları işleyen Akalın, sadece bireysel hassasiyetlerin değil, medeniyet düşüncesinin de şiirini yazar.

Nazir Akalın, şiirin teorik problemleri üzerinde de düşünür, poetikasını Şairin Eldivenleri (2003) adlı kitapta bir araya getirir.

Bildiride kitaplarından hareketle, doküman analizi yöntemiyle Nazir Akalın’ın poetikası tespit edilecek, şiirinin biçim ve içerik özellikleri incelenecek ve tematik yapısı üzerinde durulacaktır.
Finland’s Policy towards the Russian Federation under M. Ahtisaari (1994–2000): A Cognitive Approach
Authors: Romanov D. G.
Published: December 2020

The paper examines views of the President of Finland Martti Ahtisaari on the development of the Russian-Finnish relations in 1994–2000. This issue has been thoroughly studied by both Russian and Western scholars, both in terms of bilateral relations and within a broader framework of Finland’s foreign policy in a post-bipolar world. This paper, however, attempts to address the issue from the perspective of a cognitive approach. According to the author, this approach may not only provide insights on the models of thinking of M. Ahtisaari, who played a key role in the formation of Finland’s foreign policy in 1994–2000, but also to reassess the dominant views by placing them within a new theoretical framework. To this end, the paper provides a cognitive mapping of a sample of speeches and articles written by the President of Finland in 1994–2000. The author identifies the most significant and pronounced themes specific to M. Ahtisaari’s foreign policy discourse, and establishes causal links between them. On that basis the author creates a cognitive map which in turn makes it possible to detect the central causal line: a set of closely related themes and ideas which provided a general framework that defined president Ahtisaari’s views on policy towards Russia. The subsequent analysis of the cognitive map reveals a hierarchical system of the key objectives and determinants in the M. Ahtisaari foreign policy agenda setting. The cognitive mapping shows that during M. Ahtisaari’s presidency the main goal of Finland’s foreign policy towards the Russian Federation was to promote peace and security in Europe in general and in the Northern Europe and the Baltic Sea region in particular. In that regard special attention was paid to the Northern Dimension programme. It was considered as a primary means of the EU-Russia rapprochement aimed at enhancing political dialogue and increasing economic cooperation between them, as well as at promoting reforms in the post-Soviet Russia.
An addition of two Tortricidae species to the Bulgarian fauna with notes on genital morphology (Lepidoptera)
Authors: Zlatkov Boyan , Sivilov Ognyan
Published: December 2020

Two species, Falseuncaria degreyana and Epibactra immundana, are reported new for Bulgaria. They were found in endangered grassland habitats in the Danubian Plain. The moths and their genitalia are illustrated, and the vesicae are described for the first time.
MEDFARM : JURNAL FARMASI DAN KESEHATAN
Authors: Andari Susilowati
Published: December 2020

Jahe (Zingiber Officinale) merupakan merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian yang menempati posisi penting dalam perekonomian masyarakat indonesia, sebagai rempah-rempah yang diperdagangkan secara luas. Selain sebagai obat, dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai kepentingan, seperti bumbu dapur, campuran bahan industri makanan dan minuman, kosmetik, dan parfum. Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar minyak atsiri pada rimpang Jahe Gajah yang diekstraksi dengan Air dan alkohol 90% . Desain penelitian adalah eksperimental dengan sampel yang diambil langsung dari perkebunan. Metode ekstraksi yang dipilih adalah destilasi dengan pengulangan tiga kali menggunakan teknik analisa data uji t. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa kadar minyak atsiri pada rimpang jahe gajah yang diekstraksi dengan air sebesar 1,20%, 1,20%, 0,80%, dengan kadar rata-rata 1,07%,  sedangkan kadar minyak atsiri rimpang jahe gajah yang diekstraksi dengan alkohol 90% sebesar  0,79%, 0,79%, 0,40% dengan kadar rata-rata 0,66%. Hasil analisa uji t menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang nyata (α = 0,05) kadar minyak atsiri pada rimpang jahe gajah yang diekstraksi dengan air dan alkohol. Minyak atsiri yang diekstrak dengan air lebih besar/banyakdibanding dengan minyak atsiri yang diekstraksi dengan alkohol 90%.
MEDFARM : JURNAL FARMASI DAN KESEHATAN
Authors: Hita I Putu Gede Adi Purwa , Arimbawa Putu Eka , BP Dhiancinantyan Windydaca
Published: December 2020

Pengobatan jerawat dewasa ini didominasi oleh kosmetika khususnya kosmetika sintetis memiliki efek samping yang tinggi, sehingga memerlukan alternatife yaitu pengobatan obat herbal. yang memiliki efek samping lebih sedikit dari obat sintetis. Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat herbal khas Indonesia yang secara empiris digunakan untuk mengobati berbagai macam penyakit. Untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol 70% daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) terhadap bakteri Staphyloccocus aureus. Pembuatan ekstrak dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 70% dan uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram yang diukur diameter zona hambatnya. Sebanyak 84,04 gram ekstrak kental daun binahong yang memiliki warna hijau kehitaman, bau khas, dan rasa pahit didapatkan melalui proses ekstraksi. Diameter zona hambat ekstrak yang dihasilkan sebesar 12,97 ± 0,54 mm, kontrol positif (kloramfenikol) 30,18 ± 0,08 mm, dan kontrol negatif tidak memberikan zona hambat. Ekstrak etanol 70% daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang kuat terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.
Modern Dönem Şiîlik Eleştirileri Bağlamında Ahmed Kesrevî’nin Görüşleri ve Pâkdinîyân Hareketi
Authors: AHMETOĞLU Şahin
Published: December 2020

20. yüzyılın ilk yarısında İran’ın önemli düşünürlerinden biri olan Ahmed Kesrevî, yaşadığı dönemin sorunlarına çözüm arayışına girmiş bilginlerdendir. Siyasi ve içtimaî hayata Meşrutiyet Devrimi ile birlikte adım atmış, Tebriz merkezli birçok önemli olaya şahit olmuştur. Onun İran’ın farklı bölgelerinde devlet memurluğu yapması, toplumu daha yakından tanımasına sebep olmuştur. Kesrevî’nin çalışma-ları siyasi, içtimai, filoloji, din, mezhep, kültür, tarih ve örf gibi çeşitli alanları içer-mektedir. Bununla birlikte Kesrevî, faaliyetlerine dergi ve gazete neşrederek başla-mış, dinî ve mezhebî konularda tenkidî yönüyle öne çıkan eserler kaleme almıştır. Özellikle Şiîlik üzerine yaptığı çalışmalar, bu fırkanın ortaya çıkışı ve görüşleriyle ilgili sorgulayıcı ve bazen de yargılayıcı açıklamalarda bulunması onu hedef hâline getirmiştir. Şiî ulema, Kesrevî’nin sert eleştirilerine karşı büyük bir tepki göstermiş, onu kâfir ve mürted ilan etmiştir. Çalışmamızda Ahmed Kesrevî’nin hayatı, eserleri, dinî, mezhebî, siyasi ve içtimaî görüşleri ele alınacak, kurmuş olduğu Pâkdînîyân hareketi incelenecek, kendisine yöneltilen eleştiriler orijinal kaynaklardan yararlanıla-rak açıklığa kavuşturulacaktır.
GINCANA ESCOLAR: POR UMA CULTURA DE PAZ INTEGRANDO CONHECIMENTOS
Authors: FANTINEL C. C. T. , CHIAPINOTO A. M.
Published: December 2020

Vivemos em uma realidade com diferentes tipos de violência na sociedade atual. Essa violência gera atitudes de indisciplina e falta de respeito consigo mesmo e com o outro perante o meio social em que os indivíduos estão envolvidos, inclusive dentro da escola, onde são evidenciados comportamentos desapropriados em sala de aula.
The Riding House: las caballerizas del siglo XVII de St. Giles House en Dorset, Inglaterra
Authors: Piqué Gascón Marc
Published: December 2020

‘The Riding House’ es un ejemplo excepcional de la evolución histórica de las caballerizas de una casa de campo inglesa. El edificio, desocupado durante varios años, ha sido rehabilitado respetando su materialidad histórica y configuración de planta existente. Se partió de una inspección inicial y un análisis histórico para conocer el estado y evolución del edificio, así como para guiar los trabajos de conservación. La cubierta y suelos de madera han sido reparados introduciendo mejoras en las condiciones térmicas, acústicas y de seguridad contra incendios. Asimismo, se rejuntaron los muros y cosieron las grietas, reemplazando solo los materiales degradados sin posibilidad de reparación. Se han conservado igualmente los techos y tabiques históricos de listones y revocos de cal, suelos y carpinterías de madera, y se han reabierto aquellas puertas y ventanas tapiadas durante el siglo XIX para recuperar el diálogo visual perdido con la casa principal y sus jardines.
Restauración de la fachada de Casa Batlló de Gaudí
Authors: Villanueva Xavier , Olona Joan , Iglesias-Campos Manuel Angel , Bosch Mireia , Rosell Joan Ramon , Navarro Antonia , Villanueva Ignasi
Published: December 2020

De acuerdo con el plan director, el proyecto inicial de restauración de la fachada de la casa Batlló del arquitecto Antoni Gaudí, contemplaba una mínima intervención de mantenimiento y conservación. Previamente al inicio de la restauración, se realizaron estudios y ensayos para conocer, testar y determinar las diferentes metodologías y materiales que se iban a utilizar. Desvelaron procesos patológicos y hallazgos hasta la fecha no documentados sobre las técnicas constructivas. El estudio organoléptico y los resultados de estos ensayos permitieron consensuarlos procedimientos y materiales a emplear.
Gender, Age, and Survival of Italian Jews in the Holocaust
Authors: Welch Susan
Published: December 2020

Political scientists have examined the role of gender in genocide but have largely ignored the Holocaust in these analyses. Yet, the Holocaust is the largest genocide in human history and there is much we do not know about how gender affected individual experiences. Nor do we have a very precise understanding of the impact of age in survival, beyond the common wisdom that old and young people usually did not survive. Here we examine in more detail the impact of gender and age and their intersection among the nearly 7,000 Italian Jews deported to the east, mostly to Poland and mostly to their deaths. Unlike most previous work on gender that uses personal recollections as the data source, here we use individual data collected and published by Liliana Picciotto in Il Libro della Memoria. Examining survival rates and places of death, we find distinct gender and age differences and an important interaction between the two characteristics.