bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of chronic heart failure
Authors: McGinlay Melanie , Straw Sam , Jagger Jacob , Nouri Bako , Gierula John , Witte Klaus K
Published: July 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an unprecedented challenge. Meeting this has resulted in changes to working practices and the impact on the management of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is largely unknown. We performed a retrospective, observational study contrasting patients diagnosed with HFrEF attending specialist heart failure clinics at a UK hospital, whose subsequent period of optimisation of medical therapy was during the COVID-19 pandemic, with patients diagnosed the previous year. The primary outcome was the change in equivalent dosing of ramipril and bisoprolol at 6-months. Secondary outcomes were the number and type of follow-up consultations, hospitalisation for heart failure and all-cause mortality. In total, 60 patients were diagnosed with HFrEF between 1 December 2019 and 30 April 2020, compared to 54 during the same period of the previous year. The absolute number of consultations was higher (390 vs 270; p = 0.69), driven by increases in telephone consultations, with a reduction in appointments with hospital nurse specialists. After 6-months, we observed lower equivalent dosing of ramipril (3.1 ± 3.0 mg vs 4.4 ± 0.5 mg; p = 0.035) and similar dosing of bisoprolol (4.1 ± 0.5 mg vs 4.9 ± 0.5 mg; p = 0.27), which persisted for ramipril (mean difference 1.0 mg, 95% CI 0.018–2.09; p = 0.046) and bisoprolol (mean difference 0.52 mg, 95% CI -0.23–1.28; p = 0.17) after adjustment for baseline dosing. We observed no differences in the proportion of patients who died (5.0% vs 7.4%; p = 0.59) or were hospitalised with heart failure (13.3% vs 9.3%; p = 0.49). Our study suggests the transition to telephone appointments and re-deployment of heart failure nurse specialists was associated with less successful optimisation of medical therapy, especially renin-angiotensin inhibitors, compared with usual care.
COVID-19 and cardiovascular system—a comprehensive review
Authors: AlShahrani Ibrahim , Hosmani Jagadish , Shankar Vidya Gurram , AlShahrani Abdulaziz , Togoo Rafi Ahmad , Yassin Syed M , Khan Shahrukh , Patil Shankargouda
Published: July 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a mystified cryptic virus has challenged the mankind that has brought life to a standstill. Catastrophic loss of life, perplexed healthcare system and the downfall of global economy are some of the outcomes of this pandemic. Humans are raging a war with an unknown enemy. Infections, irrespective of age and gender, and more so in comorbidities are escalating at an alarming rate. Cardiovascular diseases, are the leading cause of death globally with an estimate of 31% of deaths worldwide out of which nearly 85% are due to heart attacks and stroke. Theoretically and practically, researchers have observed that persons with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions are comparatively more vulnerable to the COVID-19 infection. Moreover, they have studied the data between less severe and more severe cases, survivors and non survivors, intensive care unit (ICU) patients and non ICU patients, to analyse the relationship and the influence of COVID-19 on cardiovascular health of an individual, further the risk of susceptibility to submit to the virus. This review aims to provide a comprehensive particular on the possible effects, either direct or indirect, of COVID-19 on the cardiovascular heath of an individual.
Thromboembolic risk stratification in atrial fibrillation—beyond clinical risk scores
Authors: Wan Darryl , Andrade Jason , Laksman Zachary
Published: July 2021

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in the adult general population. As populations age, the global burden of AF is expected to rise. AF is associated with stroke and thromboembolic complications, which contribute to significant morbidity and mortality. As a result, it remains paramount to identify patients at elevated risk of thromboembolism and to determine who will benefit from thromboembolic prophylaxis. Conventional practice advocates the use of clinical risk scoring criteria to identify patients at risk of thromboembolic complications. These risk scores have modest discriminatory ability in many sub-populations of patients with AF, highlighting the need for improved risk stratification tools. New insights have been gained on the utility of biomarkers and imaging modalities, and there is emerging data on the importance of the identification and treatment of subclinical AF. Finally, the advent of wearable devices to detect cardiac arrhythmias pose a new and evolving challenge in the practice of cardiology. This review aims to address strategies to enhance thromboembolic risk stratification and identify challenges with current and future practice.
Cardiac manifestations of COVID-19
Authors: Bielecka-Dabrowa Agata , Cichocka-Radwan Anna , Lewek Joanna , Pawliczak Filip , Maciejewski Marek , Banach Maciej
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 is a novel viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) beta-coronavirus. Epidemiological status changes dynamically as the pandemy is far from ending. Several complications of presented virus may be similar to those observed in other viral infections. Despite lacking data, the heart involvement may be comparable to cardiac complications observed previously in those with SARS as well as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). In COVID-19 we observe elevated levels of cardiac biomarkers, such as natriuretic peptides, troponins, myoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and ferritin, which is likely the result of myocardial injury. The possible mechanisms of cardiovascular injury include direct toxicity through the viral invasion of cardiac myocytes, ACE-2 receptor-mediated CV (cardiac and endothelial) injury, microvascular dysfunction and thrombosis and cytokine release syndrome (mainly IL-6 mediated). Cardiac manifestations of COVID-19 are focal or global myocardial inflammation, necrosis, ventricular dysfunction, heart failure and arrhythmia.
Safety and efficacy of less-invasive ventricular enhancement procedure with the transcatheter Revivent TCTM system in patients with left ventricular aneurysm: a systematic review
Authors: Brinza Crischentian , Cinteza Mircea , Popa Iolanda V. , Burlacu Alexandru
Published: July 2021

Left ventricular (LV) aneurysm following acute myocardial infarction (MI) represents a less common complication, but with worse clinical outcomes. Ventricular surgical reconstruction is not always the intervention of choice due to high surgical risk. There were proposed less invasive LV aneurysm exclusion techniques such as the less invasive ventricular enhancement (LIVE) procedure. Our paper represents the first systematic approach to investigate the efficacy and safety of LIVE procedure using Revivent TCTM anchor system for LV aneurysm exclusion. Studies were considered if they reported original data regarding LIVE procedure’s efficacy and/or safety using the Revivent TCTM system in patients with LV aneurysms. Five studies met the inclusion criteria. The procedure is associated with a reduction in LV volumes and an improvement in LV ejection fraction (LVEF). The means of preoperative LVEF varied between 22.8% and 35.6%, while postoperative LVEF means ranged between 34% and 45.9% (P < 0.005) across studies. All included papers reported a significant difference between preoperative and postoperative LV end-systolic volume index (P ≤ 0.001) and LV end-diastolic volume index (P ≤ 0.001). Three out of four studies achieved statistical significance (P ≤ 0.001) when comparing preoperative (means range: 2.6–3.4) and postoperative (means range: 1.4–1.9) New York Heart Association (NYHA) class. One study reported a survival rate of 90.6 (95% CI, 84.6–97.0) at 12 months following the procedure. LIVE appears to be a promising and appropriate treatment strategy for a complex condition, which could extend the indication of LV aneurysm exclusion in the future.
Prevalence and treatment of high cardiovascular disease risk in Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Xi Yunfeng , Cao Ning , Niu Liwei , Zhu Hao , Bao Han , Qiao Liying , Ji Shuqi , Yan Tao , Xu Xiaoqian , Wang Wenrui , Zhang Xingguang
Published: July 2021

Early identification of individuals with high risk is crucial to preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to determine the prevalence of high CVD risk in Inner Mongolia and to analyze the treatment of major risk factors among individuals with high CVD risk. We selected 70,380 participants aged 35–75 years in Inner Mongolia between 2015 and 2017 using multistage stratified sampling. All participants completed a questionnaire and their blood pressure, blood glucose and lipid levels, height, weight and waist circumference were measured. Participants without a history of CVD were defined as high CVD risk if the predicted 10-year risk for CVD exceeded 10%. We assessed rates of high CVD risk and the prevalence and treatment of major risk factors among individuals with high CVD risk. After excluding participants with previous CVD, 68,083 participants remained. The overall prevalence of high CVD risk was 24.96%. The age- and sex-standardized rate of high CVD risk was 22.92%. Among high-risk participants, the prevalence of risk factors was hypertension (91.9%), dyslipidemia (54.1%), obesity (34.6%), diabetes (27.6%), and smoking (24.5%); clustering of these risk factors was common. The percentage of high-risk individuals taking antihypertensive drugs was 45.94% in those with hypertension; 27.99% of those with diabetes took hypoglycemic drugs and only 5.01% of those with dyslipidemia took lipid-lowering drugs. Control rates of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were 1.20%, 4.43%, and 2.78%, respectively. Therefore, the prevalence of high CVD risk was elevated in Inner Mongolia, and treatment and control rates were low.
Lipocalin 2: could it be a new biomarker in pediatric pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease?
Authors: Zhang Hongju , Sun Tao , Yang Jiao , Sun Yan , Liu Guowen , Krittanawong Chayakrit , El-Am Edward A. , Chaaya Rody G. Bou , Xu Liyuan , Ye Zankai , Li Zhiqiang , Ma Ning
Published: July 2021

The role of lipocalin 2 (LCN2) in pulmonary hypertension (PH) in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) remains unclear. We sought to investigate whether LCN2 could be a potential biomarker for PH in pediatric patients who underwent surgery for CHD. From December 2018 to February 2020, patients undergoing surgical repair for congenital defects with and without PH were identified. Healthy children without CHD and PH served as controls. A mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) >20 mmHg was used as the definition of PH. Blood samples and echocardiograms were obtained in all patients and right heart catheterization was performed in 79 patients. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine potential predictors for PH. Among 102 patients, the median age was 10 [Interquartile range (IQR) 7.0–13] months, and 37.5% were female. Compared to non-PH patients and controls, PH patients showed elevated levels of LCN2 (P < 0.001). In addition, LCN2 levels positively correlated with the invasive haemodynamic indices of PH. In univariate regression, LCN2 (odds ratio = 2.69 [1.06–5.31], P < 0.001), N-Terminal pro Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) (OR = 1.91 [1.21–7.56], P = 0.03) and high-sensitive troponin T (hsTnT) (OR = 1.36 [1.01–3.57], P = 0.01) were associated with PH; however, only LCN2 (OR = 1.68 [1.04–4.52], P = 0.03) was significantly associated with PH on multivariate analysis. In conclusion, children with PH had increased LCN2 expression. LCN2 levels positively correlated with invasive indices of PH. These results indicate LCN2 could be a useful biomarker for prediction of PH in pediatric CHD cases.
Pauline Wengeroff’s Memoirs of a Grandmother: The Evolution of One Household Item and Its Metaphoric Value Through Generations
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Waisman Anna
Published: July 2021

Memoirs of a Grandmother: Scenes from the Cultural History of the Jews of Russia in the Nineteenth Century byPauline Wengeroff (published in 1908–1910 in Berlin) is a unique example of a Jewish autobiography written by a woman that depicts the Jewish traditional, preassimilation mode of life as the Golden Age. Reminiscing on the bygone times, the author also muses over her own, rather complicated relationship with the traditional and the modern. For her, the conflict between the two signifies the battle of sexes that was lost by women. A knife, described in some contexts as a household object, in others assumes a metaphorical value symbolizing the idyllic Jewish past and the dramatic changes undergone by the Jewish people, by Jewish women and by the memoirist herself. A woman with a knife, featured in the first volume as a symbol and a defender of the Jewish tradition, later morphs into a tragic figure, both a sacrifice and a sacrificer.
The Ottoman Policies on the Jewish Colonization of Palestine in the Late 19th – Early 20th Centuries
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Dadaeva Sofia
Published: July 2021

The article considers the factors that influenced the policies of the Ottoman Empire on the Jewish colonization of Palestine at the turn of the 20th century – such as the spread and the fear of separatist sentiments, the increasing European influence, and the incompatibility of Zionism with the dominant ideology of Pan-Islamism – and discusses the mechanisms that allowed the Jews to bypass the imposed restrictions and continue their colonization efforts.
Jewish Education and the “Spiritual Problems of Rationalism” under the Reign of Nicholas I
Authors:   Kosygin Moscow State Textile University, Barkussky Ilya
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the reasons that caused public Jewish schools founded at the time of the Jewish educational reforms in the Russian Empire in the 1840s, to restrain from hiring foreign instructors. Based on the analysis of historiographic sources, it is shown that the de-cision was mainly due to the discrepancy between the original modernist vision of the reform and the traditionalist nature of its implementation.
About Origin of Some Jewish Manuscripts (Fond 182 of the RNL Manuscript Department)
Authors:   Russian State Library, Lisitsyna Alina
Published: July 2021

In the Soviet time, libraries only preserved the names of private and, occasionally, institutional collections. Standalone manuscripts or small sets of manuscripts would become part of the collections in national languages. The information concerning the origins of new arrivals was not considered valuable enough to keep record of. Such was the case of Fond 182 of the Manuscript Department of the Russian National Library, commonly referred to as the Schneerson Library. Close examination of the content, handwriting, binding, stickers and owners’ inscription may allow us to identify some of the manuscript’s former owners. Thus, the collection contains not only the manuscripts of the Schneerson family proper, but also those belonging to Zelig Persits, Yaakov Maze, Benyamin Epstein, Bentsion Ettlinger, and the Karaite national library “Karay Bitikligi”, as well as the materials – mostly fragments – that should have been ascribed to the Günzburg Collection and some “trophy” manuscripts that were brought over to the USSR after the WWII and due to the lack of qualified scholars, wound up in Fond 182.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI, KOMPENSASI, DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT. SUMBER WINDU AIR MAS BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Fajri Ratu Chaterine , Fioni Erlin Yeheskia , oktavianur
Published: July 2021

PT Sumber Windu Air Mas Bandar Lampung, sebagai perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang budidaya pertambakan udang vaname sudah seharusnya memiliki karyawan yang penuh semangat dan bermotivasi tinggi dalam bekerja dan melakukan pekerjaannya secara efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengetahui pengaruh budaya organisasi, kompensasi dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Sumber Windu Air Mas Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Karyawan PT Sumber Windu Air Mas Bandar Lampung sebanyka 80 orang dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 80 orang. Analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil uji thitung untuk variabel budaya organisasi sebesar 2,063 (thitung = 2,063 > ttabel =1,661) dan sig =0,025 < 0,05 yang berarti bahwa ada pengaruh budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Sumber Windu Air Mas Bandar Lampung. Hasil uji thitung untuk variabel kompensasi sebesar 2,198 (thitung = 2,198> ttabel =1,661) dan sig = 0,031 < 0,05 yang berarti bahwa ada pengaruh kompensasi terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Sumber Windu Air Mas Bandar Lampung. Hasil uji thitung untuk variabel motivasi kerja sebesar 5,039 (thitung = 5,039> ttabel =1,661) dan sig = 0,000 < 0,05 yang berarti bahwa ada pengaruh motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT Sumber Windu Air Mas Bandar Lampung.
Menggunakan google untuk Berhitung, Chrome, kalkulator, berhitung, perangkat lunak
Authors: setiani Leli
Published: July 2021

Perangkat lunak atau pemograman adalah gadget yang diharapkan dapat memanfaatkan PC. Pemrograman adalah sebuah gadget yang bentuknya tidak dapat dilihat oleh mata atau disentuh secara langsung, namun produk tersebut dapat digarap oleh klien atau klien. Pemrograman atau pemrograman PC adalah kumpulan informasi elektronik yang disimpan dan diawasi oleh PC, informasi elektronik yang telah disimpan oleh PC, misalnya program atau panduan yang akan menjalankan perintah. Pemrograman juga diartikan sebagai perantara perintah yang dikendalikan oleh klien PC sehingga diproses atau disiapkan oleh peralatan. Melalui pemrograman atau programming itulah sebuah PC dapat menjalankan suatu perintah. Berbicara secara komprehensif, pemrograman dapat dipartisi menjadi tiga sudut:itu adalah:1.pemrograman kerangka kerja operasi2. pemrograman kerangka aplikasi dan perangkat lunak3. bahasa pemrograman.Macam-macam pemrograman PC, khususnya:1. Pemrograman kerangka kerja2. Pemrograman penyiapan informasi3. Pemrograman penyiapan kata4. Pemrograman persiapan angka5. Tampilkan pemrograman6. Pemrograman persiapan gambar7. Kunjungi pemrograman8. Pemrograman penggambaran visual9. Pemrograman jaringan PC10. Pemrograman programKata Kunci: Software, Numbers, Computer, Google, Counting
Nostalgia and the town inside pictures
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: July 2021

I talked about a study from my colleagues that reminds me of the feeling of being nostalgic for a place and time I have never been in.
Studi Analisa Kasus Mengenai Kompetensi Profesional Guru di Sekolah Tingkat Menengah Pertama
Authors: Kalalo Merry Elisabeth
Published: July 2021

This study aims at examining the description on the professional competence of teachers which includes the development of school-based curriculum, the mastery of learning material, management of learning program, classroom management and the use of media and sources of learning at SMP Islam Al-Azhar 24 Makassar. The location of the study was centered at SMP Islam Al-Azhar 24 Makassar. The type of research of the study was descriptive qualitative research. The data sources were selected purposively. The techniques used in collecting the data were observation, interview, and documentation. The data then were analyzed using descriptive qualitative method by conducting data reduction, data presentation and data verification. The results of the study concluded that (i) the development of school-based curriculum had been conducted standard and basic competence as well, (ii) the mastery of learning material, teachers had fulfilled the standard, (iii) the management of learning program had been conducted well, (iv) classroom management was conducted well, and (v) the implementation of media and sources of learning were used well and appropriate to the needs of learning
FINAL EKONOMI SYARIAH (Hijriani_90500120044)
Authors: HIJRIANI
Published: July 2021

TUGAS FINAL EKONOMI SYARIAH
Machine learning thermobarometry and chemometry using amphibole and clinopyroxene: a window into the roots of an arc volcano (Mount Liamuiga, Saint Kitts)
Authors: Higgins Oliver , Sheldrake Tom , Caricchi Luca
Published: July 2021

The physical and chemical properties of magma govern the eruptive style and behaviour of volcanoes. Many of these parameters are linked to the storage pressure and temperature of the erupted magma, and melt chemistry. However, reliable single-phase thermobarometers and chemometers which can recover this information, particularly using amphibole chemistry, remain elusive. We present a suite of single-phase amphibole and clinopyroxene thermobarometers and chemometers, calibrated using machine learning. This approach allows us to intimately track the range of pre-eruptive conditions over the course of a millennial eruptive cycle on an island arc volcano (Saint Kitts, Eastern Caribbean). We unpick the story of Mount Liamuiga, a stratovolcano that pops its upper-crustal (2 kbar), dacitic cork at the beginning of the Lower Mansion Series eruptive sequence. This permits a progressive increase in the thermal maturity of the magma arriving at the surface from the middle to upper crust (2 – 5.5 kbar) through time. The temperature increase correlates well with matrix plagioclase chemistry, which itself displays a remarkable progression to less evolved (more anorthitic) composition in time. We find that amphibole is a reliable themobarometer (SEE = 1.4 kbar; 40 ˚C), at odds with previous studies. We suggest it is the regression strategy, as opposed to the abject insensitivity to pressure, that has hindered previous calibrations of amphibole only thermobarometers. By recognising this, we have constructed a high-resolution, quantitative picture of the magma plumbing system beneath an arc volcano.
Effective spelling training is not enhanced by tDCS in adults
Authors: Caruana Nathan , Gelding Rebecca , Zucco Maia , McArthur Genevieve
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study was to test the effects of tDCS on adult reading and spelling abilities. Experiment 1 examined whether tDCS improved adults' performance on reading and spelling tests. We found no evidence that left temporal tDCS stimulation improved word spelling, word reading accuracy, or word reading fluency compared to sham stimulation. Experiment 2 tested the effect of left-temporal tDCS stimulation on spelling training in adults. There was no evidence for a facilitatory effect of tDCS on spelling training despite its large and significant effects on adults' ability to spell difficult words. These results, paired with previous studies, argue against the use of tDCS as an intervention for poor reading and spelling until we identify a tDCS paradigm that reliably improves reading and spelling skills.
Public Opinions About Paying College Athletes And Athletes Protesting During The National Anthem: A Focus on Race/Ethnicity and Political Identities
Authors: Allison Rachel , Knoester Chris , Ridpath B. David
Published: July 2021

Drawing on insights from Critical Race Theory and framing theory, as well as previous research, this study ties together and analyzes public opinions about two racialized and politicized sports-related issues: a) the financial compensation of college athletes, and b) athlete protests during the national anthem. Consequently, we highlight racial/ethnic identities, racial attitudes, and political identities as predictors of these public opinions. Data for our analyses come from a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults who were surveyed just prior to the 2016 presidential election. Descriptive results suggest that well over half of U.S. adults opposed having the NCAA pay college athletes; also, about two-thirds of adults viewed athlete protests during the national anthem as unacceptable. Regression results reveal that Black and Latinx adults were more supportive of paying college athletes and athlete protests during the national anthem than White adults. Other people of color were also more likely than White adults to support paying college athletes. Racial attitudes such as a lack of recognition of racial/ethnic inequalities in education and support for Black Lives Matter also shaped public opinions about these issues in expected ways. Finally, we find that political identities were linked to public opinions about these issues even after accounting for racial/ethnic identities and racial attitudes. Overall, this study documents public opinions about these prominent sports-related issues just prior to the 2016 election of a President who particularly racialized and politicized sports issues. Even then, these sports-related issues had been similarly filtered through both a White racial frame that encourages colorblind racism and a counter frame that promotes antiracist activism. Altogether, the present study offers further evidence of how sports provide cultural terrain for individuals to enact and negotiate racialized and politicized views of sports and society and illustrates how these processes were reflected in public opinions in 2016.
Uslubul Istifhām Fȋ Al-Juz Al-Tāsi’ Wa Al-‘Isyrȋn Wa Tsalȋsȋna Min Al-Qur’an Al-Karȋm (Dirāsah Balagiyah)
Authors: Naili Muhammad , Abunawas Kamaluddin , Khalid Rusydi
Published: July 2021

هذا البحث يهدف إلى كشف أسرار أسلوب الاستفهام من بلاغيته فى الجزء التاسع العشرين والثلاثين.  وقام الباحث بتقسيم المناهج إلى منهجين منها: الأول: منهج استقراء المواد وجمعها عندا يقوم الباحث باستقراء مصادر البيانات وجمعها، والثانى: منهج تحليل المواد عندما تحدث الباحث عن أساليب الاستفهام فى الجزء التاسع والعشرين والثلاثين بذكر أغراضها ومعانيها وأسرارها من الناحية البلاغية. ومن نتائج البحث أن الاستفهام المجازي أو الدلالة المجازية هي أكثر الاستفهام التى وقعت فى القرآن الكريم حتى فى الجزء التاسع العشرين والثلاين لكثرتها ما فيه من الأغراض واللطائف وهذا مايسميه البلاغيون بخروج الاستفهام عن معانيه الوضعية إلى معان أخرى مجازية تفهم من السياق ومقامات الكلام، وأيضا هناك أسلوب الاستفهام يقع فى أول سورة من القرآن الكريم خاصة فى الجزء التاسع والعشرين والثلاثين.
Tharīqah al-Simāìyah al-Syafahiyah wa Taṫbīqihā fī Muassasati al-luģati al-‘Arabīyah “al-Fuṡhā”Lampung
Authors: Sya'bani Muhammad
Published: July 2021

إن الفصحى هو إحدى المؤسسة التي تركز في تعليم اللغة العربية في لامبونج، وفي الحقيقة  تشارك هذه المؤسسة  في مجال تعليم اللغة العربية والقرآن. وقد تم تعليم اللغة العربية بشكل عام في العديد من المدارس أو في مؤسسات تعليم اللغة العربية مع طرقها المتنوعة. فوجد الباحث في بحثه أن مؤسسة اللغة العربية الفصحى قد قام بعذه الطريقة. والهدف من هذا البحث هو وصف عملية تعليم اللغة العربية في هذه المؤسسة وتاريخ الطريقة السمعية الشفهية وتطورها. والمنهج المستخدم لهذا البحث هو الوصفي. ونتيجة من هذا البحث هي أن مؤسسة اللغة العربية الفصحى طبقت طريقة السمعية الشفهية على ثلاث أنماط وهي تطبيق الحوار بالمرافقة مع المعلم و تكوين الجملة من الأساليب اللغة واستخدام وسيلة البطاقة في تعليم المفردات.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI AT-TA'BIR AL-MUSHAWWAR DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR BAHASA ARAB DAN MAHARATUL KALAM
Authors: L Agel Nasra , Usman Syahruddin , Rappe Rappe
Published: July 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menyajikan sebuah strategi yang dapat meningkatkan minat dan mahāratul kalam peserta didik melalui strategi at-Ta'bir al-Mushawwar (media gambar). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain Quasi eksperimen, dalam menganalisis data peneliti menggunakan uji t beda dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, tes dan angket. Adapun populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas X yang terdiri dari kelas X MIA1, X MIA2 dan X IIS. sedangkan sampel yang digunakan adalah kelas X MIA1, X MIA2 berjumlah 20 peserta didik pada masing-masing kelas. Dasil hasil analisis data terbukti bahwa strategi at-tabir al-mushawwar (media gambar) dapat meningkatkan minat dan maharatul kalam peserta didik kelas eksperimen dilihat dari rata-rata hasil pre-tes kelas eksperimen 55.75 sebelum diberikan perlakuan, post-test kelas eksperimen 84.00 setelah diberikan perlakuan. Dan strategi at-tabir al-ala al-roisiyyah (peta konsep) sama-sama dapat meningkatkan minat dan maharatul kalam peserta didik dilihat dari rata-rata hasil pre-tes kelas kontrol 55.5 sebelum diberikan perlakuan dan post-tes kelas kontrol 80.25 setelah diberikan perlakuan. Berdasarkan perhitungan menggunakan rumus Uji T beda, ditemukan Minat belajar bahasa arab peserta didik diperoleh nilai Thitung 1.007 < Ttable 2021 dan Mahāratul kalam peserta didik diperoleh nilai Thitung 1.757 < Ttable 2021 Dari hasil perbandingan nilai Thitung < Ttabel  maka Ho diterima dan H1 ditolak, yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan antara kelas yang diterapkan dan yang tidak diterapkan strategi at-Tabir al-Mushawwar. Media gambar dan peta konsep sama-sama dapat digunakan dalam  meningkatkan minat dan maharatul kalam peserta didik
PSI: New Diagnostics for the Determination of Particle Size and Shape in Thermal Spray Processes
Authors: Streibl T. , Landes K.D. , Forster G.
Published: July 2021

In the thermal spraying process the quality of the produced coating is determined by the state of the particles before they impact on the substrate[l]. For the spray particle diagnostics a new method is offered by the development of the Particle-Shape-Imaging (PSI) technique. This method is intended for the analysis of size and shape of individual particles within the plasma jet. The method is based on telemicroscopic imaging of the particle shades. Similar to the Laser-Doppler-Anemometry a cw laser beam is split into two beams of equal intensity, which are superimposed in the focal plane of a Long-Distance-Microscope. The detection system consists of a CCD camera with a Micro-Channel-Plate intensifier allowing exposure times of few nanoseconds. When a particle passes the measuring volume exactly in the focal plane, the two laser beams generate individual shades, which congruently superimpose on the CCD Chip in the image plane of the telemicroscope. If a particle passes the measuring volume not exactly in the focal plane, the two generated shades are separated in the image plane. By this effect the position of the particle relatively to the focal plane can be measured. From the area and the contours of the shades, particles can be classified regarding size and form. Corresponding distributions of the particles within the plasma jet as well as changes of the particle form in the melting process can be determined.
Theory of Particle Composition Analysis During Thermal Spraying
Authors: Wilden J. , Frank H.
Published: July 2021

The properties of thermally sprayed coatings significantly depend on the alloy composition and the adjusted process parameters. In addition to the powder certificate it may be useful to analyse the chemical composition of the sprayed powder during the spraying process itself. The principle of composition analysis is similar to the chemical analysis in an ICP plasma but the boundary conditions are more complex because the sprayed powder should not be completely evaporated in a thermal spray process. Nevertheless all thermal spraying processes lead to a certain evaporation of the species and to excitation of atomic states. The transition into the ground state occurs under emission of characteristic lines. The intensity of these lines is influenced by the plasma temperature, the particle temperature, the temperature dependent evaporation rate of the alloying elements and the powder feed rate. In consideration of the boundary conditions and the information from a detailed analysis of the emitted spectra the lines can be used to quantify the chemical composition of the sprayed alloys online. The theory of the principle for on-line analysing the chemical composition will be deduced and the first experimental validation will be presented.
An Attempt to Improve the Deposition Efficiency of AI2O3 Coating by HVOF Spraying
Authors: Shimizu Y. , Sugiura K. , Sakaki K. , Devasanapathi A.
Published: July 2021

High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) method using propylene as a fuel gas was employed to spray alumina particles. In order to improve the coating characteristics such as the deposition efficiency and the hardness, three HVOF gun nozzles of varying geometry were designed and tested experimentally. The spraying process was also simulated numerically for each of the nozzle geometries to understand their effectiveness in influencing the velocity and temperature of the sprayed particles. The coating was characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro-vickers hardness test and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). Results showed that with the use of a convergent and divergent type gun nozzle, similar to that of a Laval nozzle, the extent of melting of the alumina particles could be increased. This was exhibited by an increase in the deposition efficiency to the extent of 45%. However, the sharp changes in the convergent and divergent nozzle geometry, resulted in fusion and agglomeration of alumina particles leading to spitting during the spraying process. The results clearly showed that alumina coatings of excellent hardness in the range of 920-1290 HV, with a relatively dense microstructure could be obtained in HVOF method irrespective of the gun nozzle geometry, provided the spraying parameters are properly controlled.
Modeling of Spray Deposition and Robot Motion Optimization for a Gas Turbine Application
Authors: Hansbo A. , Nylén P.E.
Published: July 2021

The complexity of many components being coated in the aircraft industry today makes the traditional trial and error approach to obtain uniform coatings inadequate. To reduce programming time and further increase process accuracy a more systematic approach to develop robot trajectories is needed. In earlier work, a mathematical model was developed to predict coating thickness for thermal spray deposition on rotating objects with rotationally invariant surfaces. The model allows for varying spray distance and spray direction but is simple enough to give very short simulation times. An iterative method for robot feed optimization to obtain uniform coatings was also proposed. Currently, the use of the model in engineering practice is being evaluated. A MATLAB implementation of the model has been integrated with a commercial off-line programming system, giving a powerful and efficient tool to predict and optimize coating thickness. Simulations and experimental verifications are presented for two zirconia plasma sprayed parts.
Simulation of Thermal Spray Process Based on Particle Tracing Method
Authors: Wada K. , Ito M. , Takahashi M. , Takaishi K.
Published: July 2021

As applications of thermal spray processes are expanding, the importance of computer-aided design systems and computer-aided engineering systems for these processes has been growing. The principal objective of this study is to propose a new analytic method for the prediction of coating thickness and deposition efficiency. This method is called the particle tracing method and is based on the Monte Carlo simulation method. In order to evaluate the validity of this model, several tests were carried out. The same stainless steel 316L layers coated by the HP/HVOF process (TAFA JP-5000) were used throughout each test. First, spray patterns were observed which had formed on flat-plate specimens from various spray gun angles. Coating thickness distributions on several curved planes were consequently investigated. Finally, the coating process for a blade of a compressor in a gas turbine was simulated. In the right of the results of these experiments, it is summarized that the calculated values of the coating thickness obtained by our method are in good agreement with experimental values. The accuracy is within 10% of the maximum thickness value in each specimen, except for at the edge of the work-piece. In conclusion, the particle-tracing method can be applied to the fundamental analytic model in the CAD or CAE system for thermal spray processes.
Characterization of Al2O3 and SiC Particles, Reinforced Al Powders, and Plasma Sprayed Wear Resistance Coatings
Authors: Bach Fr.-W. , Duda T. , Babiak Z. , Bohling P. , Formanek B.
Published: July 2021

Aluminum coatings reinforced with either Al2O3 or SiC particles were deposited onto aluminum substrates and subjected to various tests. The coatings were made with mechanically alloyed powders via atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). Both types of coatings had uniformly distributed hard particles, porosities in the range of 4 to 5%, and bond strengths of around 20 MPa. The wear resistance of the SiC-reinforced coatings, however, was almost 35% higher than the coatings containing Al2O3. X-ray examination (XRD) showed that the Al2O3 particles undergo partial phase transformation during spraying, making them more prone to wear.
Microstructure and Property Control of CoNiCrAlY Based Abradable Coatings for Optimal Performance
Authors: Wei X. , Mallon J.R. , Correa L.F. , Dorfman M.R. , Ghasripoor F.
Published: July 2021

A CoNiCrAlY-hBN/Polyester material has recently been developed for clearance control applications in gas turbine compressors that use titanium alloy blades. While engine tests serve as the final evaluation of the coating performance, quality assurance laboratories and production shops would rely upon the more readily available coating hardness values to predict performance. This paper will focus on the reproducibility of coating macrohardness with a plasma spray process. It is shown that plasma spray parameters affect the hardness of CoNiCrAlY-hBN/Polyester coatings by changing the level of polyesters retained in the coating and the volume percentage of metallic matrix. The correlation between hardness, retained polyester level and microstructure of these coatings is captured in a coating hardness map from which desired microstructure and polyester entrapment are determined. Based on the understanding of the correlation between coating hardness and microstructural features, the use of additional criteria other than hardness such as retained polyester level and non-metallic portion of the coating is recommended in order to assure the quality of the coating more effectively.
Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of HVOF Sprayed 316L Stainless Steel and Ni Base Alloy Coatings
Authors: Kuroda S. , Fukushima T. , Kodama T. , Sasaki M.
Published: July 2021

316L stainless steel and Hastelloy C alloy powders were sprayed by an HVOF apparatus onto mild steel substrates. The microstructure, pore size distribution, composition and corrosion resistance of thus obtained coatings were evaluated experimentally. Corrosion resistance in sea-water was examined by monitoring the impedance and corrosion potential of samples immersed in artificial sea-water at 300 K over a period of more than 3 months and also by polarization measurement. It was found that the stainless coatings composed mainly of plastically deformed particles and some splats which were molten at the impact. By increasing the combustion pressure, the porosity as measured by mercury porosimeter could be reduced to below 1%. In comparison, Hastelloy C deposits sprayed under the standard condition were so dense that its porosity could not be measured by the porosimeter. The polarization curve and the results of impedance monitoring both exemplified that the Hastelloy C coatings possess much superior corrosion resistance to the stainless coatings in sea-water, which was attributed to the higher density and better adhesion of the Ni-base alloy coatings.
Influence of Flame Parameters on Stainless Steel Coatings Properties
Authors: Gourlaouen V. , Verna E. , Beaubien P.
Published: July 2021

Owing to high particle velocity upon impact, and consequently low porosity and high bond strength of so-obtained coatings, HVOF spraying process is widely used to improve components life in service. However, many parameters can affect metallic coatings properties, especially un-melted particles and oxidation level. Flame parameters, such as calorific power, combustion ratio and temperature, are of prime importance. The aim of this work was focused on the influence of these parameters on stainless steel coatings characteristics. For different substrate temperatures, maintained through CO2 cooling nozzles, those parameters varied independently. Flame characteristics were computed using a simple model for propylene as fuel gas. Microstructure investigation as well as oxide content measurements and microhardness were obtained. It appeared that combustion temperature, in the range studied (2600-2750K) was not a critical factor. However, combustion ratio and calorific power greatly influenced coating properties: an increase of oxide content, and consequently a higher microhardness, was observed when combustion ratio decreased as well as when calorific power increased.
Tribological Solutions for Engineering Industries by HVOF–Topgun Spraying
Authors: Chandak A. , Sivakumar R. , Balasubramanian G.
Published: July 2021

Shreenath has been engaged in the manufacturing and reclamation of engineering components by using the full range of thermal spraying since 1990. The analytical case studies of some of the tribological solutions provided to the core industries in Central India by HVOF spraying are presented in this paper. The case studies presented in this paper are the reclamation of the Vertical shaft of a bowl mill used for feeding crushed coal to the power plant, the engine spares of the earth moving machinery of the mining industries and the press rolls made up of chilled cast alloy steel, of defence industry. The surface characteristics needed for these applications, along with high hardness, bond strength and thermal conductivity could be achieved by the HVOF spraying using Topgun. In all the cases, the component life has been increased few folds and a direct cost saving of 30-70% was achieved. In addition, such an optimized reclamation reduces the down-time loss and improves the working efficiency.
Processing Quasicrystalline Powders to Produce Variable and Unique Coating Properties
Authors: Hermanek F.J.
Published: July 2021

Quasicrystals are materials whose structure cannot be understood within classic crystallographic methodology. Quasiperiodic structures have a long-range orientation order but lack transitional periodicity. This non-periodic structure gives quasicrystals a unique range of physical properties including: poor thermal conductivity; excellent crystallographic stability up to their melting point; can be thermally sprayed to display either wear resistant or abradable characteristics; possess excellent release properties (low coefficient of friction); and, they are non-work hardenable. This effort describes parametric conditions utilized to deposit coatings of identical parent metal chemistry but with vastly different end properties.
Plasma Spraying of Thick Stainless Steel Coating of a Stereolithography Resin
Authors: Hédacq S. , Borit F. , Guipont V. , Jeandin M. , Guyen F.N. , Gibert R. , Guilhot B. , Medard C.
Published: July 2021

The use of plasma spraying can be very beneficial in a rapid prototyping/manufacturing route for producing industrial metallic parts, e.g. tools and molds. Compared to the most recent and advanced laser-based or flame/arc spray-based methods, plasma spray basically shows a higher efficiency and process control in addition to a wider range of coating materials and better coating properties. This work deals with plasma spraying of AISI 316 stainless steel onto conventional MVA 200 acrylate resin as the second stage of a rapid prototyping route involving stereolithography plus plasma spray. This resulted in a 3 key issues : - Achieving a good coating/substrate adhesion, notwithstanding the preventing from previous grit blasting of the resin and poor physico-chemical bonding between the organic substrate and stainless steel ; - Good building-up of the sprayed particles up to a rather high thickness (i.e. of a few mm) through adequate plasma spray conditions, which limits the residual stress level; - Coating conforming closely to the substrate geometry, which precludes from surface damaging under spraying. The work showed that the process can meet all the previously-mentioned requirements combined with the achievement of high-quality coatings (i.e. with a low porosity in particular). A major part consisted in optimizing the plasma spray conditions using a CAPSATC ("Controlled Atmosphere/Temperature Plasma Spraying") unit. This included the development of an original thermal pre-treatment of the substrate (patented), namely "PINPRO", to promote coating/substrate adhesion. SEM, EDS, EPMA, FTIR, QIA (Quantitative Image Analysis), ... were particularly employed to study microstructures and interfaces. Phenomenological approaches to the involved adhesion mechanisms and coating build-up are discussed. For the latter, the first steps in the application of Lattice-Gas Modeling (LGM) of stainless steel layer build-up were made. LGM is a new and powerful simulation tool for the spray operator or user.
Preliminary Investigation on the Potential of VC-WC-Co HP/HVOF Powders and Coatings
Authors: de Villiers-Lovelock H.L. , Luyckx S.
Published: July 2021

It has been observed that VC-WC-Co hardmetals have a better wear resistance than conventional WC-Co hardmetals. This work represents a first attempt to add VC to thermal spray powders in order to determine whether this would increase the wear resistance of HVOF hardmetal coatings. Standard WC-Co and WC-CoCr thermal spray powders were compared to two experimental VC-WC-Co powders in terms of size distribution, morphology and phase composition. Coatings were produced from the powders using the TAFA JP-5000 High Pressure High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HP/HVOF) process. The microstructure, phase composition, hardness, dry solid particle erosion and three body abrasion of the coatings were compared. It was found that due to the non-homogeneous dispersion of VC particles in the powders, the experimental coatings were not optimised. Nevertheless they showed some advantage over the conventional coatings, particularly in low angle erosion tests. This result is regarded as promising, and it is believed that a homogeneous dispersion of VC particles in the coatings would result in a significant increase in wear resistance. In order to test this, the manufacture of improved powders and optimised coating microstructures would be necessary as a next step.
Enhanced Copper Coating Properties Obtained by Electric Wire Arc Spraying Process
Authors: Gourlaouen V. , Verna E. , Beaubien P.
Published: July 2021

Among the different wires used in arc spraying, copper is a material of choice in some applications. Its malleability is used to allow an easy machining procedure after spraying. This article focuses on the limitations of the oxidation of copper during arc spraying and its influence on coating process and properties. The aim of this series of experiments was to improve coating properties of copper sprayed with the electrical wire arc spraying process by substituting compressed air with nitrogen. These experiments show that coating properties, as well as electric wire arc spraying process, are strongly influenced by the gas employed as the atomising element.
Investigations of Arc Behavior and Particle Formation in the Wire Arc Spray Process Using High Speed Photography
Authors: Hussary N.A. , Heberlein J.
Published: July 2021

The wire arc spraying process, one of several thermal spray processes, gained a sizable part of the thermal spray market, however, more control is needed for this process to be used for high precision coatings. This study is aimed at investigating the liquid metal droplet formation process in order to identify methods for droplet trajectory control. A high speed Kodak imaging system has been used to observe the droplet formation for different operating conditions. Decreasing the upstream pressure and the current levels lead to the reduction in the asymmetric melting of both anode and cathode. By decreasing the interactions of the large eddy structures with the formed metal agglomerates one can achieve better control of the particle trajectories and jet divergence. Thus, coatings can be obtained with higher definition and improved reliability.