bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model Matematis untuk Multi-product Multi-warehouse Inventory Routing Problem
Authors: Alberto Giovano
Published: April 2023

Setiap perusahaan selalu berusaha dapat memperoleh keuntungan yang besar. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan oleh perusahaan adalah menekan biaya yang dikeluarkan. Salah satu proses yang memerlukan biaya besar adalah logistik dan dua per tiga biaya logistik ini berasal dari biaya persediaan dan transportasi. Permasalahan persediaan dan transportasi pada perspektif supply chain perlu dipertimbangkan bersama agar dapat memberikan hasil yang optimal. Permasalahan ini dimodelkan dalam inventory routing problem (IRP). Pengembangan model IRP masih terdapat gap dengan kondisi nyata. Model IRP yang dirancang belum ada yang membahas terkait dengan model Multi-product Multi-warehouse Inventory Routing Problem (MMwIRP). MMIRP mempertimbangkan kondisi jenis barang yang perlu dikirimkan beragam dan terdapat beberapa gudang yang memiliki barang dengan jenis berbeda dalam satu periode waktu. Hasil yang didapatkan setelah menyelesaikan model adalah jumlah kendaraan yang digunakan, banyak barang dari setiap jenis yang dikirimkan, rute perjalanan yang dihasilkan oleh setiap kendaraan, dan besar biaya yang dihasilkan berdasarkan rancangan rute serta persediaan di setiap lokasi.
Investigation of Applying Technical Measures for Improving Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for KCS and KVLCC2
Authors: Park Jun-Yup , Jung Jong-Yeon , Seo Yu-Taek
Published: April 2023

While extensive research is being conducted to reduce greenhouse gases in industrial fields, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has implemented regulations to actively reduce CO2 emissions from ships, such as energy efficiency design index (EEDI), energy efficiency existing ship index (EEXI), energy efficiency operational indicator (EEOI), and carbon intensity indicator (CII). These regulations play an important role for the design and operation of ships. However, the calculation of the index and indicator might be complex depending on the types and size of the ship. Here, to calculate the EEDI of two target vessels, first, the ships were set as Deadweight (DWT) 50K container and 300K very large crude-oil carrier (VLCC) considering the type and size of those ships along with the engine types and power. Equations and parameters from the marine pollution treaty (MARPOL) Annex VI, IMO marine environment protection committee (MEPC) resolution were used to estimate the EEDI and their changes. Technical measures were subsequently applied to satisfy the IMO regulations, such as reducing speed, energy saving devices (ESD), and onboard CO2 capture system. Process simulation model using Aspen Plus v10 was developed for the onboard CO2 capture system. The obtained results suggested that the fuel change from Marine diesel oil (MDO) to liquefied natural gas (LNG) was the most effective way to reduce EEDI, considering the limited supply of the alternative clean fuels. Decreasing ship speed was the next effective option to meet the regulation until Phase 4. In case of container, the attained EEDI while converting fuel from Diesel oil (DO) to LNG was reduced by 27.35%. With speed reduction, the EEDI was improved by 21.76% of the EEDI based on DO. Pertaining to VLCC, 27.31% and 22.10% improvements were observed, which were comparable to those for the container. However, for both vessels, additional measure is required to meet Phase 5, demanding the reduction of 70%. Therefore, onboard CO2 capture system was designed for both KCS (Korea Research Institute of Ships & Ocean Engineering (KRISO) container ship) and KVLCC2 (KRISO VLCC) to meet the Phase 5 standard in the process simulation. The absorber column was designed with a diameter of 1.2–3.5 m and height of 11.3 m. The stripper column was 0.6–1.5 m in diameter and 8.8–9.6 m in height. The obtained results suggested that a combination of ESD, speed reduction, and fuel change was effective for reducing the EEDI; and onboard CO2 capture system may be required for Phase 5.
Analysis of the Association Between Health Literacy, Physical Literacy, and Scholastic Achievement; A Preliminary Cross-Sectional Study Among High- School Students From Southern Croatia
Authors:   University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Split, Croatia, Geets-Kesić Marijana , Maras Nevenka ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Teacher Education, Zagreb, Croatia, Gilić Barbara ,   University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Split, Croatia
Published: April 2023

Theoretically, health literacy (HL) and physical literacy (PL) should be associated with overall education, but little is known about their association with scholastic achievement. The aim of this study was to investigate whether scholastic variables relate to HL and PL among high-school adolescents. We observed 268 high school students (202 females, 66 males) who were assessed on HL using the HLS-EU47 questionnaire and PL by PLAYself questionnaire. Scholastic variables included grade point average and excused and unexcused number of absences from school. Gender-stratified correlations, cluster analysis, and discriminant canonical analysis were calculated to establish the associations between study variables. The correlations between HL and scholastic variables were generally poor, while statistically significant correlations between grade point average and HL were noted only among girls (R=0.16, p<0.05). Cluster and discriminant analyses confirmed higher HL and PL among girls who were better at school. While associations between HL and PL with scholastic achievement were generally poor, our results point to the necessity of further investigation of a problem. Hence, specific types of knowledge should be explored as possible correlates of HL and PL in adolescence.
Mpox outbreak among men who have sex with men in Amsterdam and Rotterdam, the Netherlands: no evidence for undetected transmission prior to May 2022, a retrospective study
Authors: de Vries Henry J , Götz Hannelore M , Bruisten Sylvia , van der Eijk Annemiek A , Prins Maria , Oude Munnink Bas B , Welkers Matthijs RA , Jonges Marcel , Molenkamp Richard , Westerhuis Brenda M , Schuele Leonard , Stam Arjen , Boter Marjan , Hoornenborg Elske , Mulders Daphne , van den Lubben Mariken , Koopmans Marion
Published: April 2023

Since May 2022, over 21,000 mpox cases have been reported from 29 EU/EEA countries, predominantly among men who have sex with men (MSM). The Netherlands was the fourth most affected country in Europe, with more than 1,200 cases and a crude notification rate of 70.7 per million population. The first national case was reported on 10 May, yet potential prior transmission remains unknown. Insight into prolonged undetected transmission can help to understand the current outbreak dynamics and aid future public health interventions. We performed a retrospective study and phylogenetic analysis to elucidate whether undetected transmission of human mpox virus (hMPXV) occurred before the first reported cases in Amsterdam and Rotterdam. In 401 anorectal and ulcer samples from visitors to centres for sexual health in Amsterdam or Rotterdam dating back to 14 February 2022, we identified two new cases, the earliest from 6 May. This coincides with the first cases reported in the United Kingdom, Spain and Portugal. We found no evidence of widespread hMPXV transmission in Dutch sexual networks of MSM before May 2022. Likely, the mpox outbreak expanded across Europe within a short period in the spring of 2022 through an international highly intertwined network of sexually active MSM.
CLUSTER ANALYSIS AS AN INTEGRATOR OF DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES FOR ASSESSING THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTHY ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Semenov Aleksey , Gayvoronskiy Ivan , Krishtop Vladimir
Published: April 2023

The influence of external factors can significantly deviate the distribution of somatotypes from the indicators of the general population, which makes researchers select the most suitable scheme of so-matotyping from the already known ones or construct their own. Applicants of military universities are a particular case of such samples, formed as a result of a complex of factors, including the work of military medical commissions. The aim was to use cluster analysis to develop an integrative classifica-tion for assessing the physical development of practically healthy adolescents. Materials and meth-ods. The object of the study was 280 applicants (234 boys and 46 girls), who were examined by spe-cialists in the medical commissions of military commissariats and were considered to be practically healthy. Anthropometric data were analyzed: body length, body weight, length of the torso, limbs, girth dimensions of the torso and limbs, as well as body component composition. Hierarchical cluster analysis by the Ward method and Kendall's correlation coefficient were used in the study. Results. By means of cluster analysis of the physical development indicators of the virtually healthy individuals, we identified a significant contribution of body mass index, weight, body length in the formation of three major groups, which we characterized as: the male macrosomatic phenotype, the male mesoso-matic phenotype, and the female phenotype. Based on the proportion of muscle and fat tissue, visceral fat, distal diameter of the forearm as an indicator of bone development, body mass index and thick-ness of the skin-fat fold of the anterior abdominal wall, the following subgroups were identified: male macrosomatic phenotype, with hyperstenic features, male macrosomatic phenotype, with normosthen-ic features, male mesosomatic phenotype with digestive features, male mesosomatic phenotype with mesotonic features, male mesosomatic muscle phenotype, female megalosomic athletic and subathletic phenotype, female stenoplastic phenotype. Conclusion. The used statistical approach allows to change the classical paradigm of searching for a universal methodology of somatotyping, to the creation of algorithms of compilation of well-known schemes of physical development evaluation in the selected population groups.
Edukasi Masyarakat tentang Konservasi Sumber Air Melalui Penghijauan Kawasan Waduk di Desa Jelantik Kecamatan Jonggat Lombok Tengah
Authors: Budianto M Bagus , Harianto Bambang , Supriyadi Anid , Setiawan Ery , Hartana
Published: April 2023

Waduk atau tampungan merupakan kolam besar di alam yang dibuat dengan cara membangun bendungan untuk menampung air pada saat air berlebih (musim hujan) untuk digunakan pada waktu dibutuhkan. Desa Jelantik memiliki sebuah waduk yang masyarakat sebut Telaga Ijo.  Kunci dari kelestarian waduk adalah terjaganya lingkungan sekitar waduk. Kelestarian waduk dapat dilakukan dengan menjaga lingkungan sekitar waduk tetap hijau melalui penghijauan dan menjaga kebersihan air di waduk. Namun untuk menjaganya membutuhkan pendekatan, sosialisasi dan edukasi ke masyarakat. Masih banyak masyarakat tidak peduli lingkungan karena keterbatasan pengetahuan yang dimilikinya. Membangun kesadaran masyarakat untuk cinta dan peduli lingkungan tidaklah mudah, memerlukan proses yang panjang melalui kerjasama berbagai pihak, sikap saling percaya dan menumbuhkan komitmen bersama. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini dengan metode PAR (Participatory Action Research) yang merupakan edukasi berdasarkan teori dan praktek. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan edukasi berbasis teori menekankan pada pengelolaan lingkungan hidup, pentingnya air bagi kehidupan dan penghijauan. Sedangkan edukasi berbasis praktek yaitu dengan penanaman berbagai jenis pohon di sekitar waduk Jelantik. Hasil dari aplikasi edukasi tersebut menunjukkan kepedulian masyarakat terhadap lingkungan semakin baik. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari antusiasnya masyarakat dari anak-anak hingga orang dewasa
Perceptions of COVID-19 vaccine among different adult age group populations in Northern Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kitara David L , Baguma Steven , Okot Christopher , Acullu Denis , Ochula Denis , Okot Pamela A , Odong Patrick O , Okot Smart G , Pebolo Francis P , Oyat Freddy W Drinkwater , Ikoona Eric N , Alema Nelson O , Oloya Johnson N , Aloyo Judith , Oballim Lawence
Published: April 2023

Background

At the time when COVID-19 was declared a pandemic in March 2020, its spread in the African continent was slow. However, confirmed cases of the virus have since risen steadily over the years in the African continent for many reasons. This study aimed to determine factors associated with perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines among adult age-group populations in northern Uganda.

Methods

We conducted this study as part of a larger study to determine factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy/acceptance among 723 adult age-group populations selected by stratified and systematic sampling approaches from northern Uganda. We used a questionnaire with an internal validity of Cronbach’s α= 0.772. A five-point Likert scale, with responses categorized as strongly agree “SA”, agree “A”, neutral “N”, disagree “DA”, and strongly disagree “SD”, was used to assess participants’ perceptions on COVID-19 vaccines. A multivariable regression analysis was conducted with P-value set at <0.05.

Results

Overall, 723 participated in the study with a mean age of 31.4 years (standard deviation, SD, +10.1). The majority 54.5% (n=394) were males. There were no significant differences in perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines among age-group populations (adjusted odds ratio, aOR=0.99, 95% confidence interval, CI=0.98-1.01). Key finding include: (i) it was important to take a COVID-19 vaccine (aOR=1.02, 95% CI=1.00-1.04); (ii) vaccines have unlikely unforeseen side effects (aOR=0.98, 95% CI=0.97-0.99); (iii) vaccines were unlikely being promoted for commercial gains (aOR=0.98, 95% CI=0.97-0.99); and children could take COVID-19 vaccines (aOR=1.02, 95% CI=1.00-1.03). Stratified by age-groups, the 20–29-year-old perceived COVID-19 vaccines developed in Uganda as unlikely safe and effective (aOR=0.59, 95% CI=0.35-0.97), and COVID-19 vaccines have likely unforeseen side-effects (aOR=2.1, 95% CI=1.3-3.6). While the ≥50-year-old group perceived that COVID-19 vaccines were unlikely being promoted for commercial gains (aOR=0.2, 95% CI=0.1-0.6).

Conclusions

There were no substantial differences in perceptions on COVID-19 vaccines in adult age-group populations in northern Uganda. The determinants of COVID-19 vaccine perceptions were its importance against the virus; vaccines have unlikely unforeseen side-effects, and children could take it. Stratified by age-groups, some age-groups perceived COVID-19 vaccines developed in Uganda as unlikely safe and unlikely being promoted for commercial gains.
MEHTERHÂNE-I HÜMÂYUN'DAN MÛZIKÂ-YI HÜMÂYUN'A OSMANLI MÜZIK KURUMLARINDA BATILILAŞMA TEMÂYÜLÜ
Authors: DİLBER Murat Can , KARABAŞOĞLU Cemal
Published: April 2023

Osmanlı toplumsal hayatı, II. Mahmud dönemindeki batılılaşma, yenilik hareketlerinin yanında, 3 Kasım 1839’da ilan edilen Tanzimat Fermanı ile birlikte kapsamlı bir değişim sürecine girmiştir. Bu değişim neticesinde sanat dallarında çeşitli reformlar ortaya çıkmış-tır. Geleneksel yaklaşımların yanında Batı ekolleri de yavaş yavaş etkisini göstermeye başlamıştır. Resimden heykele, edebiyattan müziğe sanatın hemen her alanında yeni yönelimler ortaya çıkmaya başlamıştır. Türk müziği icrâcılığı ve besteciliği alanında da bu yönelim ile birlikte, gelenekselden uzaklaşma ve batı formlarına doğru değişim ve dönü-şümler görülmüştür.

Osmanlı Devleti’nin kuruluşundan bu yana askerî müziğin resmî temsilcisi olan Meh-terhâne-i Hümâyun, II. Mahmud döneminde 1826 yılında görev kapsamı daraltılarak yerine, Batı müziği icrasını esas alan Mûzikâ-yı Hümâyun kurulmuştur. Bu değişim, Batı-lılaşma hareketinin müzik alanında da görülmeye başlandığını ifade etmektedir.

Batı standartlarında bir bando kurma düşüncesi ile İstanbul’da bulunan Fransız Manguel ilk olarak Mûzikâ-yı Hümâyun’da görevlendirilmiştir. Sonrasında İtalyan ekolünde yeti-şen Giuseppe Donizetti ile birlikte kurum istenilen seviyeye ulaşmaya başlamıştır. Donizet-ti, Mûzikâ-yı Hümâyun ustakârı unvanı ile göreve getirildiği gün itibari ile Batı müziği eğitimine başlayarak, kısa süre içerisinde saraya bağlı ilk Batı repertuvarı icra eden bando takımını kurmuştur.

II. Mahmud döneminden itibaren Cumhuriyetin kurulduğu döneme kadar Mûzikâ-yı Hümâyun faaliyetlerine devam etmiştir. Cumhuriyet’in ilanı ile birlikte Riyaset-i Cumhur Orkestrası adını alan Mûzikâ-yı Hümâyun, günümüzde Cumhurbaşkanlığı Senfoni Or-kestrası olarak faaliyetlerini sürdürmektedir.

Bu çalışmada 19. Yüzyıl’da faaliyet gösteren Mûzikâ-yı Hümâyun ile başlayan müzik reformları ve aynı yüzyılda Osmanlı Devleti’ndeki Batılılaşma temâyülü incelenecektir.
Toxicity of Radon-222 in Groundwater across Keana in Nasarawa, Nigeria
Authors: Bako Abubakar Saidu , Rilwan Usman , Umar Ibrahim , Yusuf Samson Dauda , Mustapha Idris Muhammad , Mundi Abdullahi Abubakar , Maina Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

The most common supply of freshwater for drinking, irrigation, and other domestic uses is groundwater; however, because of increased radon concentrations brought on by mining activities, its quality is still a severe concern. Using a liquid scintillation detector, this study investigated the radon content, its related toxicity, and its risk to human health in the groundwater of the Keana in Nasarawa, Nigeria. Ten (10) borehole samples and five (5) well samples totaling fifteen (15) groundwater samples were taken. The results showed that the average radon concentration in water samples from Keana was 2.25 Bq/L. The mean annual effective dosage (ingestion) for adults and children in Keana was 0.016 mSv/y and 0.027 mSv/y, respectively. In Keana, the additional lifetime cancer risk per adult was 5.65 × 10–5, and per child, it was 8.79 × 10–5. The study’s radon concentration was lower than the benchmark of 11.1 Bq/L established in 1991 by the Nigerian Standard Organization and the US Environmental Protection Agency. The results of this study indicate that the level of radon is safe; as a result, people can continue farming and other activities. To reduce the risk of cancer, however, more research could be done in the area. Further research should be done by looking at additional sources in the study area in order to cover the entire zone. Further investigation should be carried out both during the dry and wet seasons because radon concentrations in groundwater alter over time due to dilution by recharge from rainfall.
An Application of Multiple Linear Regression Model to the Impact of N-Power Program on Poverty Reduction among Youths in Gassol Local Government Area, Taraba state, Nigeria
Authors: Yusuf Yakubu  , Danjuma Abegye Nuhu  , Abdullahi Yahaya Musa  , Ahmed Rufai
Published: April 2023

The study examined the impact of N-Power on poverty reduction among the youths in Gassol LGA of Taraba State. The population of the study is 550 out of which 232 respondents were sampled. The study adopted a self-developed questionnaire for data collection. Two hundred and thirty-two (232) copies of questionnaires were administered all were retrieved, making 100% return rate. The study employed inferential statistics (Multiple linear regression analysis) for data analysis. The results were presented in tables and discussed according to the objective. The study revealed a significant effect of N-Power on poverty reduction among youths in Gassol Local Government Area( p < a ).The study recommended that Federal Government should create more empowerment programmes that will expose youths to entrepreneurial skills and make them self-employed and self-reliance.
Female Genital Mutilation (FGM): A global pandemic with hydra-headed implications
Authors: Onyekpa IJ  , Odugu BU
Published: April 2023

Female Genital Mutilation, otherwise known as Female Genital Cutting is an age-long practice found among people of different tribes, race and religion with no obvious health benefit. It has many adverse impacts on a woman’s reproductive and sexual life and is currently considered a violation of a woman’s fundamental rights. Education and financial empowerment of the girl-child and strong political will to enact and enforce legislations against this practice will go a long way in curbing the menace.
Spina bifida in the pediatric surgery Department of Fez
Authors: Z. BENMASSAOUD, F.B. BALDE  , O. ALAOUI, A. MAHMOUDI  , K. KHATTAL  , Y. BOUABDALLAH
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Spina bifida is one of the most common neural tube defects due to its serious repercussions: neurologic, urologic, orthopaedic and others to varying degrees requiring multidisciplinary management. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study of 202 patients managed in the pediatric surgery department of the Hassan II University Hospital of Fez, during an 8-year period from January 2014 to January 2021. Results: The annual incidence of spina bifida was 40 cases/year with a male predominance. The main site of the malformation is at the lumbar and lumbodorsal level in 68%. The clinical examination was abnormal in almost 64%. Hydrocephalus was found in 83%. Transfontanellar ultrasound and CT scan were performed in all our patients, MRI in 85 %. All the patients had a surgical cure of the spina bifida, the patients with hydrocephalus had a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. The short term outcome was good in 79%. Conclusion: Spina bifida is a serious pathology, it can frequently lead to functional and vital prognosis without forgetting the psychological one. The prognosis is mainly generated by the delay of management and the presence of associated complications.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the main fungicides used against Mycosphaerella fijiensis of banana plantations in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Brice Sidoine Essis  , Demby Laetitia Muriel Kouadio  , Klotioloma Coulibaly  , Siaka Traoré  , Konan Evrard Brice Dibi
Published: April 2023

Black Sigatoka, caused by Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet (Pseudocercospora fijiensis [Morelet] Deighton), is one of the most devastating diseases of banana. In commercial banana cropping systems, Black Sigatoka is mainly managed by fungicides. The emergence of resistant strains of M. fijiensis to commonly used fungicides has necessitated an evaluation of their efficacy on untreated (wild) populations. Our study on the effectiveness of the main fungicide molecules used in Côte d’Ivoire in the control of black leaf streak disease (BLSD) was conducted to develop new sustainable control strategies. The efficacy test of the different fungicides on M. fijiensis strains made it possible to classify the fungicides according to their capacity to reduce and delay the appearance of the first symptoms of the disease. trifloxystrobin (strobilurin) was most effective in controlling black stripe disease, followed by propiconazole, mancozeb and methyl thiophanate. However, the best result was obtained with mancozeb about the appearance of the first symptoms of the disease.
Linguística aplicada indisciplinar
Authors: CONCEIÇÃO Claudia Zilmar da Silva
Published: April 2023

O Professor Luis Paulo da Moita Lopes é titular do Programa Interdisciplinar de Linguística Aplicada da UFRJ e Pesquisador do CNPq. É PhD em Linguística Aplicada pela Universidade de Londres. Foi presidente da Associação de Linguística Aplicada do Brasil, atuou como representante da área de Letras e Linguística no Conselho de Assessores do CNPq e como conselheiro da Associação de Pós-Graduação em Letras e Linguística (ANPOLL)...
[Recebido: 07 set. 2015 – Aceito: 08 nov. 2015]
Research of Tribological and Thermodynamic Parameters of the WC-Cu Braking System of the Experimental Modular Electric Vehicle
Authors: Varecha Daniel , Galik Jan , Kohar Robert , Gajdosik Tomas , Gajdac Igor , Jenis Jozef
Published: April 2023

The authors of this manuscript present the development of a braking system with friction material base WC-Cu coating for the electric vehicle. This manuscript follows on from the original development of an AGV multi-disc braking system and an experimental investigation of the friction factor of WC-Cu coatings. In addition to developing the mechanical elements and construction of the electric vehicle, the tribological parameters of three samples of the steel substrate, the C45 with WC-Cu coating, were investigated in the tribological laboratory. A metallic coating of the WC-Cu base was applied on the C45 steel substrate using electro-spark deposition coating technology. The experiment used three samples with different percentage ratios of chemical elements in the coating structure. The tribometer working on a “Ball on Plate” principle was an investigation of the friction factor of all samples during the experiment. Subsequently, the surface of the samples was modified structure WC-Cu with laser technology. The microhardness of modified and unmodified coatings according to the Vickers methodology was investigated in the next stage. At the end of the experimental investigation, a braking simulation was created in the programming environment of the Matlab® software, considering all driving resistances. The researchers also focused on the simulation of heat conduction during braking for some considered driving modes with braking on a level and with a 20% slope roadway. The simulation of heat flow was carried out in the Matlab® programming environment using the Fourier partial differential equation for non-stationary heat conduction.
13S Battery Pack and Battery Management System Design and Implementation for Electric Bicycles
Authors: KURT Yasin Fatih , ÖZER Tolga
Published: April 2023

In this study, the battery pack and ESP32 microcontroller-based battery management system (BMS) design for the electric bicycle have been carried out. The software updates were realized when the battery pack was in the box, thanks to the built-in Wi-Fi feature of the ESP32. The voltage values were read precisely, and a stable BMS was created with a 12-bit ADC-based ESP32 controller. The battery had temperature control from 7 different points. The temperature data was received from DS18B20 digital temperature sensors, and the charging current was cut off when the threshold value was exceeded. At the same time, the ACS712 5A current sensor was used to determine and prevent the excessive current draw. The charging current was defined as 2A. BMS cuts off the charging current to protect the battery pack when the charging current exceeds 3A. The resistor used for passive balancing in BMS was isolated from the ESP module with the KPS2801 optocoupler. The voltage of the battery pack was charged from 3.7 V to 3.85 V in the real-time test. The charging process continued for one hour, and the voltage changes of each cell were obtained in 10-minute periods. It was observed that all cells were charged in a balanced way at the end of the charging process. Thus, the charging process of the designed battery pack was carried out successfully through the designed BMS.
The effect of Laser Shock Peening on Fatigue Life Using Pure Water and Hydrofluoric Acid As a Confining Layer of Al – Alloy 7075-T6
Authors: Hassan Shaker Sakran , Hamzah Mohsin Nori , Abed Raad Mohammed
Published: April 2023

Laser shock peening (LSP) is deemed as a deep-rooted technology for stimulating compressive residual stresses below the surface of metallic elements. As a result, fatigue lifespan is improved, and the substance properties become further resistant to wear and corrosion. The LSP provides more unfailing surface treatment and a potential decrease in microstructural damage. Laser shock peening is a well-organized method measured up to the mechanical shoot peening. This kind of surface handling can be fulfilled via an intense laser pulse focused on a substantial surface in extremely shorter intervals. In this work, Hydrofluoric Acid (HF) and pure water as a coating layer were utilized as a new technique to improve the properties and to harden the treated surface of the Al -alloy 7075-T6. Fatigue life by means of laser peened workpieces was improved to 154.3%, 9.78%, respectively, for Hydrofluoric (HF) and pure water compared to un-peened specimens. And the outcomes of Vickers hardness test for laser shock peening with acid and pure water as well as un-peened specimens were 165.2HV30, 143.95HV30 and 134.7HV30, respectively showed a significant improvement in the hardness property.
Efficient Cost Management in the Housing Projects
Authors: Husain Safaa AL-Deen , Alkindi Sajeda kadum , Alwan Kreem Hassn
Published: April 2023

The cost management of cost indicators in housing projects, on the level of planning and design, is the most important quality indicators, for adoption of strategies of planning and design efficient in managing these indicators. So this research points out the need to highlight the most effective and influential cost indicators in housing projects, and to determine strategies in the management of these indicators in order to raise the efficiency of housing projects quality, to seemly the income level target group, taking into consideration the quality of housing standards, to achieve the basic requirements of housing. This paper highlights the importance of the cost  management, the types of housing cost, the method of  control and the most important planning and design strategies to be adopted in order to achieve efficient cost management in housing projects. One local project under construction was selected as case study, to evaluate the application of the indicators the efficiency of the cost management on planning and design levels.
Optimization of Cutting Parameters on Delamination of Drilling Glass-Polyester Composites
Authors: Faidh-Allah Majid Habeeb , Ismail Sanad Abdulkareem
Published: April 2023

This paper attempted to study the effect of cutting parameters (spindle speed and feed rate) on delamination phenomena during the drilling glass-polyester composites. Drilling process was done by CNC machine with 10 mm diameter of high-speed steel (HSS) drill bit. Taguchi technique with L16 orthogonal layout was used to analyze the effective parameters on delamination factor. The optimal experiment was no. 13 with spindle speed 1273 rpm and feed 0.05 mm/rev with minimum delamination factor 1.28.
Üslûbu’l-Kur’ân’a Yeni Bir Bakış: Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’de Bir İfade Tarzı Olarak Ecvibe-i Müskite
Authors: GÖRGÜN Muhammed Emin
Published: April 2023

Câhiliye döneminde edebiyat alanında ileri bir seviyede olan Arap toplumu kendilerinden bir peygamber ve kendi dillerinden bir kitap gönderilmek suretiyle son din olan İslâm’a davet edilmiştir. Bu ilahi davete iman edenler olduğu kadar kendilerine gönderilen peygamberi ve kitabı kabul etmeyip inkâr yolunu tercih edenler de olmuştur. Her ne kadar belâgat ve fesâhatta ileri bir seviyede olsalar da işittikleri Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in eşsiz nazmı, muhtevası ve belâgati karşısında hayranlıklarını gizleyemeyen bu inkârcılar, ilk olarak “sihir, şair sözü, peygamberin uydurması” gibi ifadelerle Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’i küçümsemeye kalkışmışlardır. Ne var ki kendilerine Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in benzeri getirilmesi hususunda meydan okunduğunda çaresiz duruma düşmüşler ve acizliklerini itiraf etmek zorunda kalmışlardır. Hatta onların Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’e dönük iddia ve inkârlarına verilen cevaplar dışında; öldükten sonra dirilmeyi inkâr, ilahlık iddiasında bulunma ve benzeri gibi pek çok iddialarına susturucu cevaplar verilmiştir. Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in inkârcılara verdiği bu susturucu cevaplar edebiyat literatüründe ecvibe-i müskite kavramıyla ifade edilmektedir. Özünü hızlı ve aniden, güçlü delillerle muhatabı susturan ve muhatabın karşılık vermesinin önünü kesen cevapların oluşturduğu bu ifade üslûbu, Arap edebiyatında îcâz ve i‘câz özellikleriyle öne çıkan bir ifade tarzıdır. Câhiliye döneminden itibaren Arapların sosyal hayatta da sıkça kullandığı bu ifade tarzı, temsil alanını diğer tüm alanlarda olduğu gibi Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’de bulmakta ve Müslüman bir şahsiyet için başta tebliğ ve irşat olmak üzere doğru ifade aracını kullanma noktasında rehberlik etmektedir. Arap edebiyatında önemli bir yeri olan bu üslûbun edebî yönüyle Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’de yer alan kullanım örneklerini ele alan müstakil bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada başta tehaddî âyetleri olmak üzere Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in mucize olmasının bir unsuru olan i‘câz özelliğini temsil ettiğini düşündüğümüz ecvibe-i müskite içerikli âyetler, muhteva ve muhatap açısından tasnif edilecek; söz konusu üslup ile tefsir ilimleri arasındaki ilgi analiz edilecektir.
Performance Analysis in Quantitative Traits of Local Chickens (Gallus gallus sp.) In Kediri Regency East Java
Authors: Nurwahyuni Eka , Putri A. R. I. , Febrianto N. , Marom M. A. , Azhar R. F.
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to determine the phenotypic diversity of the quantitative characteristics and the results of the analysis of kinship relationships of local chickens in Kediri by using 60 adult male local chickens. Data were obtained by directly observing the quantitative characteristics according to the variables: head length, chest-length, wing length from right to left, shank length, back length, neck circumference, and chest circumference. The results showed that the majority of phenotypes were from local chickens in Kediri, consisting; of a wing length of 52.1cm, head length of 8.58cm, chest length of 28.8cm, shank length of 12.4cm, a back length of 25.35cm, neck circumference 13.98cm, and chest circumference 40.4cm. It can be concluded that local chickens in Kediri have a variety of quantitative characteristics, and the average results for each sub-district are not much different from the others. It is hoped that the results of this study can be used as primary data for further research to determine the quality and superior breeding selection.
Book Review of Meandering Sobriety: A Refreshing Journey
Authors: Jin Ruining
Published: April 2023

In our fast-paced world, it is common to feel overwhelmed by the chaos of the outside world and yearn for moments of sobriety. “Meandering Sobriety” by Quan-Hoang Vuong can provide readers with those moments through a collection of humorous and thought-provoking short stories. The book was ranked 1st in Amazon Best Sellers of Philosophy books during 21-24 April.
A novel route-based accessibility measure and its association with transit ridership
Authors: Oliveira João Lucas Albuquerque , Pereira Rafael H. M. , Oliveira Neto Francisco Moraes
Published: April 2023

Transit systems play a key role in improving access to job opportunities and basic services such as health and education. Most studies in the literature calculate transit accessibility using traditional place-based indicators that measure accessibility at a given location. However, because transit routes are the main unit of analysis in most approaches for planning and operation of transit systems, these accessibility indicators provide limited information to inform transport planning at the route-level. In addition, previous studies have demonstrated the methodological limitations of traditional place-based accessibility metrics to study the association between accessibility and transit ridership. In this paper, we propose a route-based accessibility measure to fill the mentioned gaps. The indicator measures the average level of access to opportunities provided by a given transit route to the population in its extended catchment area. This indicator is flexible enough that it can be calculated using different travel cost functions and can be applied to measure access to different activity types for the whole population or for specific groups. To illustrate the applicability of the proposed indicator, we calculated the employment accessibility provided by all routes of the transit system of Fortaleza, Brazil. We also show that the proposed indicator has greater predictive power of transit ridership than other route-level accessibility measures found in the literature. This paper provides a methodological contribution that could help transport planners incorporate accessibility analysis into transit system redesign projects, and help practitioners anticipate what accessibility impacts and subsequent changes in transit ridership could be expected from route-level service changes, and to examine the influence of accessibility on transit ridership.
Evaluating the Impact of an Online Autism Training on Employers’ Autism Knowledge and Commitment to Inclusion in the Workplace
Authors: Ashworth Maria , Heasman Brett , Crane Laura , Remington Anna
Published: April 2023

Employers’ knowledge about autism can be a key barrier to autistic people obtaining employment. The current study evaluated the efficacy of an online autism training programme, [training name], in changing employers’ autism knowledge and commitment to inclusion in the workplace. Employers (N = 129) from 22 organisations in the UK completed the training with an autistic (n = 45) or non-autistic (n = 84) trainer and completed surveys measuring (a) autism knowledge and (b) commitment to inclusion in the workplace (CIW), before and after the training. Results showed that at a group level, autism knowledge and commitment to inclusion in the workplace improved from before training to after training for all participants, for both the autistic and non-autistic trainer. This latter result may be attributable to the training being co-designed by autistic people. At an individual level, however, only a minority of participants (both with an autistic and non-autistic trainer) showed a significant increase in autism knowledge (10.1%), and CIW (5.8%), suggesting autism training was more effective for some participants than others. Autism training should not be the sole initiative to address barriers to employment for autistic people but should be part of a broader package of support for employers.
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Published: April 2023

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Assessing multi-hazard susceptibility to cryospheric hazards: lesson learnt from an Alaskan example
Authors: Elia Letizia , Castellaro Silvia , Dahal Ashok , Lombardo Luigi
Published: April 2023

Classifying a given landscape on the basis of its susceptibility to surface processes is a standard procedure in low to mid-latitudes. Conversely, these procedures have hardly been explored in periglacial regions, primarily because of the limited presence of human settlements and, therefore, the little need for risk assessment. However, global warming is radically changing this situation and will change it even more in the future. For this reason, understanding the spatial and spatiotemporal dynamics of geomorphological processes in peri-arctic environments can be crucial to make informed decisions in such unstable environments and shed light on what changes may follow at lower latitudes. For this reason, here we explored the use of data-driven models capable of recognizing locations prone to develop retrogressive thaw slumps (RTSs) and/or active layer detachments (ALDs). These are cryospheric hazards induced by permafrost degradation, and their development can negatively affect human settlements or infrastructure, change the sediment budget dynamics and release greenhouse gases. Specifically, we test a binomial Generalized Additive Modeling structure to estimate the probability of RST and ALD occurrences in the North sector of the Alaskan territory. The results we obtain show that our binary classifiers can accurately recognize locations prone to RTS and ALD, in a number of goodness-of-fit (AUC_RTS = 0.83; AUC_ALD = 0.86), random cross-validation (mean AUC_RTS = 0.82; mean AUC_ALD = 0.86), and spatial cross-validation (mean AUC_RTS = 0.74; mean AUC_ALD = 0.80) routines.Overall, our analytical protocol has been implemented to build an open-source tool scripted in Python as part of an interactive Jupyter notebook where all the operational steps are automatized for anyone to replicate the same experiment. Our protocol allows one to access cloud-stored information, pre-process it, and download it locally to be integrated for spatial predictive purposes. Data and codes can be accessed at this GitHub repository: https://github.com/zincoblenda/CryoS
Rapid-antigen testing for SARS-CoV-2 in Germany: Citizens’ selective granting of freedoms for negatively tested, vaccinated, recovered, and other citizens
Authors: Rebitschek Felix G. , Spinner Christian , Wagner Gert G. , Meder Björn
Published: April 2023

Pandemic management of SARS-CoV-2 has involved temporary freedom restrictions to curb the spread of infection. In this study, citizens are asked for whom they would grant freedoms and it is examined how their granting is influenced by risk perceptions, and to what extent granting and individuals' test intentions are related to an understanding of test performance.When large-scale rapid-antigen testing was introduced as a means for pandemic management, we conducted a longitudinal study (March to May 2021) with a representative panel of German citizens who are online (N=4,991). We assessed granting of freedoms to participate in various activities (e.g., visiting restaurants) depending on health status (negative rapid antigen test, vaccinated, recovered from COVID-19, or neither), and respondents’ understanding of the performance of rapid antigen tests. An experiment with the panel (N=1,660, May 2021) investigated how information from a national health authority on the societal benefit of regular testing and on test performance relate to respondents’ test comprehension and freedom granting.Granting for tested and vaccinated people was associated with their perceived infectivity. Substantial freedoms were only granted for negatively tested and vaccinated citizens, until in May 2021 recovered people were roughly put on par with those groups. Restricting activities for other citizens who fulfilled none of these criteria remained highly accepted. Providing evidence-based information improved comprehension of test performance over a control group without information and decreased granting for negatively tested groups. Adding societal benefit information mediated this decrease in granting. Respondents testing intentions were not affected by the provided information. Citizens were uncertain about both infectivity risks and test properties. Presenting them with performance information improved understanding of test performance and reduced freedom granting for negatively tested people. Evidence-based information has the potential to inform a critical acceptance of targeted granting of freedoms as a measure of pandemic management.
Consolidation enhances multistep anticipatory judgements but diminishes access to perceptual features
Authors: Tarder-Stoll Hannah , Baldassano Christopher , Aly Mariam
Published: April 2023

Many experiences unfold predictably over time. Memory for these temporal regularities enables anticipation of events multiple steps into the future. Because temporally predictable events repeat over days, weeks, and years, we must maintain — and potentially transform — memories of temporal structure to support adaptive behavior. We explored how individuals build durable models of temporal regularities to guide multi-step anticipation. Healthy young adults (Experiment 1: N = 99, Experiment 2: N = 204) learned sequences of scene images that were predictable at the category level and contained incidental perceptual details. Individuals then anticipated upcoming scene categories multiple steps into the future, immediately and at a delay. Consolidation increased the efficiency of anticipation, particularly for events further in the future, but diminished access to perceptual features. Further, maintaining a link-based model of the sequence after consolidation improved anticipation accuracy. Consolidation may therefore promote efficient and durable models of temporal structure, thus facilitating anticipation of future events.
The Attitude of Students in The Information and Documentation Degree Program toward Ethical Values
Authors: Pérez-Pulido Margarita , González-Teruel Aurora
Published: April 2023

In European universities, teaching ethics has acquired special relevance with the Bologna Process and changes in curriculum. In Spain, the White Book of the Degree in Information and Documentation incorporates ethics as a specific competence, through the combination of ethical, social, and legal content, as a transversal competence. In this context, this study aimed to detect whether changes in attitude toward ethical values occur in a group of LIS students as a consequence of the training received and to test a qualitative approach to identify these changes. A questionnaire based on the vignette technique was used, presenting students with cases of conflict or ethical dilemmas, in most cases in the context of an information unit. For each vignette, they were asked to assess the performance of the information professional and to explain what they would have done if they were in their place, before and after they received the training. The results obtained showed that the attitude of the students who received training changed from individual ethics to professional ethics. We can consider that the content used for the training was correct, although the knowledge about the different ethical theories and ethical reasoning models for decision making should have been deepened. To the theoretical content, we must add a teaching methodology based on the effective study of cases and scenarios in our work. On the other hand, the application of the vignette technique and content analysis as a methodological approach to the students’ discourse is very useful, since it was decisive in identifying the reasons that helped the students make a certain decision, before and after the training session, for checking to see whether this decision was made following their individual ethics or guided by normative ethics, and for knowing the degree of acceptance and depth of the training session.
Eko Kökenli Terim ve Kavramlarının Yazım Birliği Sorunu
Authors: SEVGİ Orhan
Published: April 2023

Ekoloji alanındaki bilgi gün geçtikçe daha artmakta ve buna bağlı olarak ekoloji kapsamından üretilen kavram ve terimler tüm dillerde olduğu gibi Türkçede de artmaktadır. Bununla birlikte ekoloji kavram ve terimlerinin yazılışında bazı sorunlar görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, İngilizcede eco(-)Sözük (combining form) ile üretilen kavram ve terimlerin Türkçe yazım birliğinin oluşturulması üzerine odaklanmıştır. Türkçede eko şeklinde yazımlarla ilgili 4 sınıf belirlemiş ve bu sınıflara yönelik modeller oluşturulmuştur. Bu modeller, ekoSözcük, ekoSözcük, eko-Sözcük ve ekolojik Sözcük şeklinde belirlenmiştir. Türkçede birleştirme şekli olmadığı için eko ifadesini ayrı ayrı yazmak uygun değildir. Benzer şekilde eko-kelime yazımları, özellikle Türkçe'de önek kullanımı olmadığı için gramer olarak doğru değildir. Bu terimler içinde eko Sözcük, ekoSözcük ve eko-Sözcük yazımlarında eğer eko ekolojik anlamındaysa, bu kullanımların yerine ekolojik Sözcük şeklinde kullanılması önerilmektedir. Türkçede ekoSözcük yazımlarında İngilizce okunuşları kullanılıyorsa, kelimenin Türkçesi belirlenene kadar italik yazılarak kullanılması önerilmektedir.