bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A lightweight path consistency verification based on INT in SDN
Authors: Wu Ping , Shang Yuwei , Bai Shuaitao , Cheng Lingjian , Tang Huilin
Published: October 2023

The existing path consistency verification solutions in software-defined networking (SDN) were implemented by proactive injecting large number of probing packets or by embedding linear-scale tags as the path lengthens, which incurred significant bandwidth and communication overhead. A lightweight path consistency validation mechanism based on in-band network telemetry (INT) in SDN is proposed. Based on INT, in the scheme, the ingress switch inserts a telemetry instruction header with probability, each subsequent switch updates the telemetry data using a uniform sampling algorithm and only carries partial path information in INT packet to keep the head space size constant, the egress switch reports the final sampled telemetry data to the controller to verify the path compliance according to aggregated telemetry data. A heuristic flow selection algorithm is proposed to implement network-level path consistency validation. The proposed scheme was implemented and evaluated. The analyses and experiments demonstrate the proposed mechanism effectively limits the packet head overhead and introduces less than 7% of additional forwarding delays and 6% of throughput degradation at most.
Variations of Pre-monsoon season related atmospheric parameters over Kakinada region
Authors: Vishnu T.R. , Kumar K.S. , Ahammad S.K.H. , Kumar G.N.S. , Umakanth N. , Rao M.C. , Krishna S.
Published: October 2023

Pre-monsoon showers occur before the beginning of the rainy season. From the months of March to May, they take place, and can be anything from little drizzles to powerful thunderstorms. March, April and May are known as the pre-monsoon season (PRMS). The precipitation patterns recorded in PRMS are critical because they have an impact on a wide range of crop-related operations across the country. During PRMS, the maximum temperature (TMAX), minimum temperature (TMIN), soil moisture, relative humidity, latent heat, convective available potential energy (CAPE), and total precipitable water (TPW) were analysed at Kakinada region. These variables were collected using daily ERA5 reanalysis data for the PRMS from 1981 to 2021. Studying the convection-related characteristics over the Kakinada station during the PRMS was our goal. During the study period, the five years with the highest PRMS rainfall were 1990, 1995, 2008, 2010 and 2016 and the five years with the lowest rainfall were 1990, 1995, 2008, 2010 and 2016. In the months leading up to the monsoon, the Kakinada station experiences CAPE values between 1000 and 6000 J/kg, while TPW values are between 25 and 60 mm. The PRMS values for CAPE and TPW both show that the prerequisites for moderate to severe convection activity have been fulfilled. TPW, soil moisture, relative humidity, and CAPE parameters during PRMS were well estimated using the ARMA and ARIMA models.
The value of a modern science museum
Authors: Abeysekara Ajit
Published: October 2023

The modern science museum is not merely a collection of historical artefacts and exhibits from the natural world depicting physical, chemical and biological phenomena. It is also a science center, which creates a space for learning about and understanding science mainly through interactive exhibits. Working with interactive exhibits can play an important role in the educational process of young people interested in science. It can provide an opportunity to actively engage in making observations, analyze information and draw conclusions, in an enjoyable setting. The incorporation of these ideas in science education is reflected in the commonly used phrases, “learning science by doing science” and “science is fun”.  

 

At a time when developing an educational system relevant for Sri Lanka in the 21st century is being discussed at various levels of policy making, undue importance is given sometimes to changing syllabi and course contents.  In keeping with world-wide trends, a more important aspect of reforms should be to shift the focus from curriculum-based teacher directed education, to one that is curiosity driven, student centred active learning, particularly in the early years. In catalyzing this shift, the access to modern science museums can play a major role. It will be difficult for a school to provide children with the experience they can have in a science centre functioning within a science museum. In addition to exhibits, the museum will provide for an information system including a library and also other resources such as an auditorium for public lectures, films and demonstrations. The learning experience in a science museum is often a social experience, shared by family, friends and other visitors to the museum.

 

Thus, science museums will also serve to spread scientific knowledge and the culture of science among the general population which will help in creating an informed population, better able to take rational decisions on issues facing society.
Contribution to the Objective Evaluation of Combined Longitudinal and
Lateral Vehicle Dynamics in Nonlinear Driving Range
Authors: Raabe Justus , Fontana Fabian , Neubeck Jens , Wagner Andreas
Published: October 2023

Since the complexity of modern vehicles is increasing continuously, car
manufacturers are forced to improve the efficiency of their development process
to remain profitable. A frequently mentioned measure is the consequent
integration of virtual methods. In this regard, objective evaluation criteria
are essential for the virtual design of driving dynamics. Therefore, this
article aims to identify robust objective evaluation criteria for the nonlinear
combined longitudinal and lateral dynamics of a vehicle. The article focuses on
the acceleration in a turn maneuver since available objective criteria do not
consider all relevant characteristics of vehicle dynamics. For the
identification of the objective criteria, a generic method is developed and
applied. First, an open-loop test procedure and a set of potential robust
objective criteria are defined. Subsequently, suitable criteria are selected for
different vehicle dynamics characteristics based on an investigation of Pearson
correlations between the objective criteria and established subjective rating
criteria. For this purpose, a subjective evaluation study with six specifically
selected vehicle variants is conducted. Finally, the applicability of the
selected objective criteria for vehicles of different segments is assessed
through a benchmark of current vehicles. The results are objective criteria for
the vehicle characteristics driving stability, oversteer/understeer, and
traction. In contrast to existing objective criteria, the identified criteria
shows a high robustness to measurement noise. Furthermore, there is a
comprehensible correlation to established subjective rating criteria for each
objective criterion. Lastly, the benchmark of current vehicles proves the
applicability of the identified criteria.
El turismo rural comunitario en San José de Bachillero: un modelo innovador de gestión
Authors: Marcillo Coaboy Gema Vanessa , Vásquez Erazo Edwin Joselito , Ramón Poma Glenda Maricela
Published: October 2023

El turismo rural comunitario ha surgido como una herramienta poderosa para impulsar el desarrollo sostenible en áreas rurales en todo el mundo. En este artículo, se presenta un modelo innovador de gestión del turismo rural comunitario en San José de Bachillero, una encantadora parroquia ubicada en la región de Manabí en Ecuador, con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de vida de los habitantes y promover el turismo sostenible en la zona. En la investigación se aplicó entrevistas y encuestas para medir las variables de estudio con el fin de conocer los recursos naturales y culturales de la parroquia además de la predisposición de participación de los habitantes. A partir del análisis, de los principales resultados obtenidos se evidenció que la parroquia cuenta con una comunidad activa y un inventario recursos naturales que deben ser potencializados, ya que, al combinar la conservación de los recursos naturales y culturales con la participación activa de los habitantes, se genera un enfoque económico, social y ambiental a nivel local. En conclusión, a través de la presentación de un modelo de gestión innovador y sostenible que promueva el bienestar de los habitantes, se busca aportar al desarrollo del turismo rural comunitario en la parroquia.
BINARY SEMI-LOCALLY CLOSED SETS IN BINARY TOPOLOGICAL SPACES
Authors: MALINI SASTHA SHYAMALA , NETHAJI OCHANAN , PREMKUMAR RAJENDRAN
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we introduce new weaker forms of locally closed sets called binary semi-locally closed, binary locally semi-closed sets, and binary generalized locally semi-closed sets and study their relations with the existing ones. We also try to establish the conditions under which these weaker forms coincide with one another. Further it is established that in a particular space, all the weaker forms of binary locally closed sets coincide with P(X,Y), the power set of (X,Y).
ELEMENTARY PROOFS FOR THE FERMAT'S LAST THEOREM IN Z USING ONE TRICK FOR A RESTRICTION IN ZP
Authors: KLYKOV SERGEY P.
Published: October 2023

An elementary and short proof of Fermat's Last Theorem (FLT) is presented, which is understandable even to a student. Perhaps this proof is precisely the lost proof, which could similar to own Fermat's proof. Restricting some coefficients of polynomials by value 0, except for the first term, allows to prove the Fermat's Last Theorem for domain Z, since in this case the canonical representation of p-adic numbers is limited to only one digit in the corresponding p-ary system. It was shown within the framework of elementary algebra, which corresponds to the Pythagorean theorem (PT) that the assumption of the existence of certain “Fermat’s triples” (FT), as integer solutions of Fermat's Last Theorem, can not be possible in Z due to some fatal inconsistencies for the PT and found by means the PT. Some equations in Zp were shown for n=3, 4 and 5
ON THE (p,q)-NARAYANA n-DIMENSIONAL RECURRENCES
Authors: KULOĞLU BAHAR , ÖZKAN ENGİN
Published: October 2023

In this study, a different perspective was brought to Narayana sequences and one-, two-, three- and n-dimensional recurrence relations of these sequences were created. Then, some identities ranging from one to n-dimensions of these recurrences were created.
OBSERVATION OF THE EXTRACTION DYNAMICS OF POLYPHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS AND SALVIA OFFICINALIS IN NATURAL WINE
Authors: BRATU MIHAELA MIRELA , BIRGHILA SEMAGHIUL , RADU MARIUS DANIEL , POPESCU ANTOANELA
Published: October 2023

This study aims to highlight the extraction capacity of natural wine for polyphenolic acids from sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). At the same time, the dynamics of the extraction process of polyphenolic acids, the evolution of the anthocyanin content and the antioxidant activity of the extract over 21 days were monitored. Observation of the extraction dynamics of polyphenolic acids from the selected plants showed that the wine has moderate extractive qualities for this class of compounds. Thus, some phenolic acids of major interest for antioxidant activity were less extracted (gallic acid, 3-methyl gallic acid, and chlorogenic acid) while other acids (p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid) showed better extraction. Also, during extraction, degradation of anthocyanin pigments in wine could be observed, which reduces the therapeutic value of extracts prepared by traditional methods. The chemical changes that occurred during the extraction process showed that a reduction of the extraction period to 8-11 days would be suitable for this type of preparations; thus, the development of degradation processes of polyphenolic compounds can be avoided.
WEARABLE GAIT DEVICE FOR LONG-TERM MONITORING
Authors: CACIULA ION , IONITA GIORGIAN MARIUS , COANDA HENRI GEORGE , COLTUC DINU , ANGELESCU NICOLETA , ALBU FELIX , HAGIESCU DANIELA
Published: October 2023

This study describes a low-cost and easy to deploy gait monitoring system that uses an ESP32 microcontroller and an ICM-20948 module. The ESP32 microcontroller collects data from the ICM-20948 module and these data are used to train a convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify gait patterns into two categories: normal and pathological. The results show that the system can achieve a high accuracy for binary gait classification, being able to correctly classify 97.05% of the normal gait samples and 84.54% of the pathological gait samples. The power consumption of the devive was measured using a calibrated and dual-acquisition digital multimeter. The estimated operating time was around 12 hours, with a battery capacity of 1800 mAh LiPo type. Therefore, it could be used to track the gait of patients with neurological disorders or to assess the effectiveness of gait rehabilitation treatments.
INVESTIGATING TENSILE STRENGTH OF BAMBOO PETUNG (DENDROCALAMUS ASPER) TREATED SALTWATER AND MOLASSE COMPARED WITH STEEL REBAR REINFORCEMENT: AN EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDY
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia, Subchan Bagas R.
Published: October 2023

The use of steel leads to carbon production which can worsen global warming. An alternative material to replace steel becomes an urgent prerequisite that needs to be considered. Bamboo can be the main choice due to its characteristic biomass, environmentally friendly properties, and low cost. However, bamboo is still in deficit due to its natural properties. Therefore, its mechanical properties are demonstrated in the treatment of natural resources and biological wastes such as salt and molasses. Experimental tests and numerical simulations were performed to characterize its tensile properties. Furthermore, a nonlinear finite element analysis was built in ABAQUS and proposed with plasticity, ductile fracture, and damage modelling. The results show that simulation and experiment are in good agreement in representing bamboo and steel subjected to tensile loads. The use of bamboo as a substitute for steel can be considered an application of steel reinforcement to concrete and requires further research.
The connotation of equal educational opportunities and its policy implications
Authors:   B-B-18 Residensi Rimbun carry hills,jalan Zamrud utama 4300 kajarg, Selangor, malaysia,Ulu langat,4300, solangor, Yinzhi Ma
Published: October 2023

Equal education has always been the goal of the vast number of educators. I n a ncient C hina, Confucius used the f our c haracters "education w ithout c lass" t o m ean "e veryone h as t he s ame r ight t o e ducation". T his a rticle d iscusses t he m eaning o f "equality" and "equal o pportunities i n education" a nd p oints o ut that "equality" m eans t hat e veryone h as t he s ame r ight t o e ducation, t hus distinguishing between "e quality" a nd equal o pportunity". T he a rticle a rgues t hat equality is a p ossible e quality, t he e ssence o f w hich i s equality o f e qual o pportunities, a nd a t t he s ame t ime a n e qual r ight. At the same time, this paper also makes some reflections on the necessity of China's current policy of equal educational opportunities.
OPTIMALISASI PERAN POSYANDU DALAM PENCEGAHAN STUNTING DI DESA RIMBO PANJANG WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS TAMBANG KECAMATAN TAMBANG KABUPATEN KAMPAR
Authors: Hindratni Findy , Sartika Yan , Sari Septi Indah Permata
Published: October 2023

Strategi nasional percepatan pencegahan stunting adalah melalui intervensi gizi spesifik, intervensi gizisensitif dan lingkungan pendukung (supportive environment). Intervensi gizi spesifik menyumbang 30%dalam menurunkan kasus stunting, intervensi ini ditunjukkan kepada rumah tangga pada 1000 HariPertama Kehidupan (HPK), dilakukan oleh sektor kesehatan, jangka pendek, dan hasilnya dapat dicatatdalam waktu yang relatif singkat. sementara intervensi gizi sensitif menyumbang 70% dalammengurangi stunting dilakukan oleh sektor di luar kesehatan dan sasarannya adalah masyarakat umum.Lingkungan yang mendukung ditujukan pada faktor-faktor dasar yang berhubungan dengan status giziseperti pemerintah, pendapatan dan pemerataan. Penyelenggaraan posyandu yang efektif sesuai denganpetunjuk teknis tentunya akan menurunkan angka kejadian stunting pada balita terutama optimalisasipada langkah IV dan V posyandu yaitu pemberian pendidikan kesehatan oleh kader dan pelayanankesehatan oleh tenaga kesehatan. Namun pencapaian indikator kinerja Posyandu di Indonesia masihbelum optimal, salah satunya adalah rendahnya jumlah kunjungan balita ke Posyandu. PengabdianMasyarakat ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus – Desember 2020 dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkanpengetahuan dan kemampuan kader posyandu dalam memberikan pendidikan kesehatan kepadakelompok sasaran intervensi gizi khusus: sasaran prioritas (ibu hamil, ibu menyusui dan anak 0-23bulan) di Desa Rimbo Panjang Kecamatan Pertambangan Kabupaten Kampar.
Street Level Bureaucracy in Public Services to the Elderly in Kosovo
Authors: Leminota Valtiza
Published: October 2023

The crucial connection between governmental policy and citizens' daily life is represented by street-level bureaucracy. This article examines the various aspects that affect street-level bureaucrats' decision-making, with a focus on their use of discretion, policy interpretation, resource allocation, communication, ethical considerations, and receptivity to criticism. As a defining characteristic of street-level bureaucracy, discretion gives bureaucrats the freedom to customize policies to specific situations, improving the usefulness of services. To maintain equity and accountability, it is crucial to strike the correct balance of discretion. The decision-making process is heavily influenced by the interpretation of policies, the distribution of scarce resources, and the involvement of ethical considerations. It's crucial to communicate with service users clearly and sympathetically. Continuous improvement is made possible via accountability and feedback mechanisms. Maintaining openness and public confidence requires keeping records of decisions and preserving moral principles. The success and fairness of public services depend heavily on the sound, moral, and compassionate decisions made by street-level bureaucrats, who act as the backbone of public administration. To support them in meeting the different demands of the public and creating responsive, egalitarian, and accountable public administration, it is crucial to provide them with training, resources, and ethical advice.
Prevalence of De-Quervain’s Tenosynovitis in Female Tailors in District Wazirabad
Authors: Minahel Shiza , Shahzad Aqdas , Shehza Sundus , Iqbal Syeda Amna , Saeed Arslan , Pervaiz Amna , Khaliq Farwa , Hanan Abdul
Published: October 2023

Purpose: De Quervain's tenosynovitis affects the thumb abductors close to the radiostyloid process, causes a painful wrist complaint. When performing particular jobs incorrectly, the wrist and thumb might lead to De Quervain's Tenosynovitis. It is associated with work that necessitates repetitive wrist and thumb motion. Pain, numbness, tingling, burning, stiffness, and exhaustion are a few of the warning signs and symptoms. Complaints include a loss of normal sensation, a restriction in range of motion, and a decline in grip strength. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of De-Quervain's Tenosynovitis in female tailors in district Wazirabad.

Methodology: Amongst female tailors, a cross-sectional survey was done. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 289 participants were chosen through convenient sampling technique. The process was described to the study participants. The degree of the pain was evaluated using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and an assessment of the illness was made using the Finkelstein test. Both hands were put to use for the test. Pain over the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons at the wrist is a sign of a positive diagnosis. The SPSS program was used to examine the data. Data was presented in for of tables and charts.

Findings: De-Quervain's Tenosynovitis was present in 43% of the population overall. When the results of the right and left hands were compared, it was discovered that 33% females had right hand had De Quervain's tenosynovitis and 10% had it in both hands. Sixty of the respondents reported experiencing mild pain, 41 women reported moderate pain, and 23 reported severe pain. This study concluded that the prevalence of De-Quervain’s Tenosynovitis in female tailors is low.

Recommendations: The study was grounded in the Cumulative Stress Theory, emphasizing repetitive motion's impact on occupational health. Tailors should receive training on ergonomics, use ergonomic tools, and undergo regular wrist health check-ups. Policy makers must set occupational health standards for tailors, ensuring ergonomic tool usage, and mandate periodic health audits in tailoring establishments
Laporan Keuangan untuk Mengukur Kinerja Keuangan Berdasarkan Rasio Likuiditas dan Solvabilitas pada PDAM Prabujaya Kota Rabumulih
Authors: Amaliah Mufida
Published: October 2023

This research aims to determine the liquidity and solvency ratios to measure financial performance at PDAM in Prabumulih. This research uses types of quantitative descriptive research. This research uses a descriptive method to describe research objects or research results. The data in this research was collected through documentation, observation, and methods of interviews. The research results show the liquidity ratio, calculated from the analysis of PDAM Tirta Prabujaya City Prabumulih’s current ratio and quick ratio for 3 (three) last year, was good. Because the amount of current assets available is huge while the amount of current liabilities is small, this can be seen in the ratio value Liquidity in 2020, 2021 and 2022. The value of the Current Ratio is 8.08 times, 7.48 times and 6.24 times; the value of the Quick Ratio is 6.39 times, 5.78 times and 5.23 times, and the Cash Ratio values are 96%, 30% and 17%. Solvency Ratio, the overall financial performance of PDAM Tirta Prabujaya Prabumulih City during the last 3 (three) years it has been in good condition because its total assets and the company's available capital is greater than the total debt it has company. This can be seen in the 2020, 2021 and 2022 ratio values. The value of Debt to Assets Ratio of 54%, 38% and 69%. Next, the Debt to Equity, Ratio values of 92%, 23% and 94%.
Business Educators Perception of Digital Skills Required by Office Technology and Management Students for Employability
Authors: Dibbari John Celestina , Patience Lawrence
Published: October 2023

The management of any organization be it private or public expects its employees to possess relevant digital skills to perform effectively in this dispensation. The study examined business educators’ perception of digital skills required by Office Technology and Management students for employability. Based on the objectives of the study, two research questions guided the study. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population of the study consisted of 111 business educators drawn from Polytechnics in North-East Nigeria. The entire population was studied, no sample since the population was manageable. A structured questionnaire developed on a five point Likert rating scale tagged ‘’Business Educators perception of Digital Skills Required by Office Technology and Management students for Employability’’ (BEPDSOTMSE) with 23 items was used to elicit data from the respondents. The instrument was validated by three specialists in the field. The reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbrach Alpha which yielded a co-efficient of 0.77 signifying that the instrument was reliable. Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The findings of the study revealed that all the skills were highly required for employability by OTM students’ based on the perception of business educators. The researchers recommended among others that Management of institutions should ensure that orientation be given to prospective candidates which is vital in the early stage of entry into the Polytechnics about the skills required for employment.
Retirement Planning Issues, Problems, and Opportunities in Malaysia
Authors: A Chek. M. Z. , I. Ismail.
Published: October 2023

Retirement planning in Malaysia faces significant challenges and opportunities. Inadequate retirement savings pose a pressing issue, as many Malaysians have insufficient funds to support their retirement needs. Financial literacy is another concern, with limited knowledge about retirement planning strategies and investment options. Rising healthcare costs further compound the challenges, requiring careful planning to ensure healthcare needs are adequately met during retirement. However, amidst these challenges, there are opportunities for improvement. The government has implemented initiatives and incentives to promote retirement savings and enhance financial security. These programs provide tax benefits, employer contributions, and attractive investment options. Private sector retirement solutions have also emerged, offering a range of services and personalized plans to complement existing government programs. Additionally, there is a growing awareness and demand for financial planning among Malaysians. People are recognizing the importance of planning for their financial future, including retirement. This increased awareness creates opportunities for financial institutions to develop accessible and user-friendly retirement planning tools and resources. Addressing the current issues in retirement planning and capitalizing on the opportunities can lead to a more secure and fulfilling retirement for Malaysians. It requires efforts to increase retirement savings, improve financial literacy, and navigate the challenges of rising healthcare costs. By leveraging government initiatives, private sector solutions, and fostering financial awareness, individuals can better plan and prepare for a financially stable retirement. Retirement planning in Malaysia faces challenges such as inadequate savings, limited financial literacy, and rising healthcare costs. However, there are opportunities for improvement through government initiatives, private sector solutions, and growing financial awareness. By addressing these issues and seizing the opportunities, individuals can enhance their retirement planning and ensure a more financially secure future.
CIRCULAR ECONOMY OF CARBON, A MECHANISM FOR ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT - EXPERIENCE OF KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: Ali Shiekheldien ELNOR Omaima , Raid ALOTAIBI Moodhi
Published: October 2023

This study aim that circular economy of Carbon plays an important role in achieving effective sustainable development. Study question; What are the most important economic and environmental contributions that a circular economy can make? Hypothesis of study: circular carbon economy transforms waste from a burden into an economic resource. The importance of study, suggestions and recommendations that benefit interested and future researchers in field of circular economy of carbon. The methodology is descriptive and analytical, and case study is used.
ISLAMIC FEATURES AMONG ARAB POETS BEFORE ISLAM
Authors: Ghazi ALI Iman
Published: October 2023

Islam is the religion of virtuous morals, praiseworthy characteristics, and lofty principles, and not only Islam, but all divine religions and divine laws enjoin justice, benevolence, courage, generosity, forbearance, honesty, and patience, in addition to enjoining the worship of God, the One and Only, and referring to Him and uniting Him in worship. From this point of view, all that was contained in the speech of the Arabs before Islam, urging people to believe in God and return to Him, encouraged the creation of virtuous morals and human values, whether this speech was prose or poetry, because it is considered one of the religious features in general and Islamic in particular, and therefore I thought to highlight The light on some of these values and principles in the poetry of the Arabs before Islam, and that was the main reason for writing this research. This research was divided into an introduction and two sections. As for the introduction, I introduced the definition of the word “features” and clarified its meanings and derivation, and then divided what remained into two main sections based on two important aspects, the doctrinal side, from the command to worship God Almighty alone and belief in death and resurrection after death, and urging righteousness and benevolence and other matters that are counted on the side dogmatic. As for the second topic, I devoted it to other moral values, such as forbearance, patience, honesty, chastity, generosity, and other moral values and lofty principles, and other things that the Arabs used to do in word and deed.
GENERAL CONDITIONS IN SERBIA UNDER THE OTTOMAN RULE UNTIL 1804 AD
Authors: Muhammad Jamil AL-AGHA Abbas , Hamid KAZEM Iman
Published: October 2023

Serbia is located at the crossroads of a historical European road, as it was a buffer zone between East and West represented by two empires, the Ottoman Empire, the Austrian Empire, and it was a battlefield in favor of the great powers. The Austrians in particular, and that their control over it took place after several attempts in the year 1450 AD. It became clear through research that Serbia is an agricultural country primarily dependent on agriculture and animal husbandry, and the Ottomans imposed taxes on them. As for education in Serbia, it was primitive and within the church only, and that the law used It is the law of Dushan and the teachings of the church in addition to some Ottoman laws. The national spirit grew to obtain independence among the Serbs after they were exhausted by taxes, the treatment of the Janissaries, and their domination, in addition to many of the reasons that prompted them to revolt and demand independence, which eventually led to the Serbian revolution in 1804 AD
HELPING BEHAVIOR AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO MORAL MOTIVATION AMONG POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS
Authors: Yaseen ZGHAIR Lamyaa
Published: October 2023

The current research aims to know: 1 Helping behavior of postgraduate students. 2- The moral motivation of postgraduate students. 3- The relationship between helping behavior and moral motivation among postgraduate students 4- Significance of the difference in the relationship between helping behavior and moral motivation among postgraduate students and sex (male-female) For the purpose of verifying this, the descriptive approach was used, the correlational study, for its suitability in achieving the objectives of the current research. The helping behavior scale prepared by Cody (2020) and prepared according to the definition developed by Sigelman (1981) based on Pandora's social learning theory, was adopted, and it consists of (39) items distributed over three domains (favor 13 items, donation 14 items, help in an emergency of 15 items) and the five response alternatives were (always, often, sometimes, rarely, never), The Janoff & Carner (2016) measure of moral motivation was adopted and built according to Rolomay et al. (1999) translated by Khasaf (2021), which includes (30) items distributed over six domains: (self-control, diligence or self-reliance for success, nonharm, help). Or fairness, social order, social justice) and in front of each paragraph there are alternatives (always apply to me, often apply to me, sometimes apply to me, always rarely apply to me, never apply to me) and the two scales were applied to a sample of (120) chosen randomly, stratified‏‏Results: Graduate students in behavior among themselves, as was the case in the case of a statistically correlated relationship between helping behavior and moral motivation, according to gender (male-female) and specialization (scientific-human). In the light of the findings of the research, made a number of recommendations and proposals.
KUFAH'S JUDGES IN THE SECOND ABBASID PERIOD ( 232-334/846-945)
Authors: Falah KASASSBEH Hussein
Published: October 2023

Objectives: This study aims to know what the nature of Kufah’s judges, and the authority of appointing them in the second Abbasid period. It also aims to clarify their characteristics, qualifications, specializations, doctrines, ethnic origins, social backgrounds, and their relations with the Caliph and the various administrative bodies. Methodology: In Kufah, 18 judges were counted in a specific period of time, and by tracing their lives in the primary sources, their biographies were studied and the common points between them were explored to reach the results according to the historical research method. The primary material was collected from its original sources, the novels were compared and analyzed, then the positive internal criticism was applied. Then sorting them out, excluding the unreliable ones, subjecting the reliable ones to negative internal criticism, and then formulating the historical material. Results: The results of the study show that the judiciary in the first Abbasid period was an official religious institution, and the choice of who would take over was one of the competences of the Caliph, regardless of the influences he was subject to or the consultations and opinions he might hear when choosing any judge. The results of this study also show the qualities and qualifications of judges. These qualifications may differ from one judge to another, but in their entirety they emphasize good qualities and high qualifications. Their knowledge was not limited to the sciences of the Arabic language and its literature, history and genealogy, but the religious sciences were among the most important sciences that the judges were keen to acquire, so most of them were scholars of Hadith and jurists, who belonged to different schools of thought: six of them were Hanafi judges, two were Shafi’i judges, and two were Maliki. The three Sunni doctrine prevailed in Kufah, and the Hanbali doctrine was absent there. Among the results of this study is the strength and rigor of the judge's exercise of his authority and the breadth and diversity of his competences. In addition to the purely judicial tasks, some of them practiced work of a judicial or non-judicial nature. As for the social backgrounds of the Kufah’s judges, their origins were diverse, dating back to different cities and multiple families. The origins of two of the eighteen judges of Kufah were of Ajami origins, and the rest were descended from different Arab tribes. Conclusion: Like the rest of the cities of the Abbasid Caliphate, the judge of Kufah enjoyed a decent position that enabled him to practice his work under clear sovereignty that contributed to the application of rulings to the people of Kufah away from the interference of the administrative authority in the state
THE REALITY OF TEACHERS' KNOWLEDGE OF DYSLEXIA IN THE ELEMENTARY STAGES IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN RAMALLAH AND AL-BIREH GOVERNORATE
Authors: ASIA Salam , OMRAN Muhammad
Published: October 2023

The study aims to discover the reality of teachers' knowledge of dyslexia in the elementary stage in public schools in Ramallah and Al-Bireh governorate. The study sample included 76 male and female teachers in schools that have a resource room. The researcher designed a questionnaire by referring to the conceptual network on the subject of dyslexia and the arbitration of a group of specialized professors. The scale has a high degree of validity and reliability and consists of 65 items distributed over five dimensions (symptoms of reading difficulties, reading comprehension, writing, behavioral and psychomotor indicators, spelling, and reading aloud). The results of the study concluded as follows: There are no statistically significant differences between the average responses of the respondents according to the variable of gender, educational qualification and years of experience
Potenciais antecedentes da adoção de Business Analytics na contabilidade
Authors: Araujo Leticia Silva , Behr Ariel , Momo Fernanda da Silva
Published: October 2023

O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar quais fatores antecedem a intenção de adoção de Business Analytics (BA) na contabilidade, de acordo com profissionais atuantes na área. Aplicou-se métodos mistos com estratégia explanatória sequencial operacionalizada por meio de survey e por entrevistas semi-estruturadas, com profissionais de contabilidade. Como técnicas de análise de dados utilizou-se PLS e análise de conteúdo. O resultado da pesquisa apresentou diversos fatores tecnológicos, organizacionais, ambientais e humanos que impactam negativa ou positivamente na intenção para adotar BA, a maior parte com lastro na literatura, contudo surgiram fatores novos, alguns específicos do contexto contábil. Evidenciaram-se variáveis moderadoras da intenção de adoção de BA. A pesquisa apresenta uma lista de fatores que contribuem para direcionar a adoção de BA e abrir possibilidades para que a comunidade contábil, gestores e fornecedores de tecnologia atuem na promoção da adoção de BA.
¿El producto en una sola mano? La Unión Azucarera Argentina S.A. y los convenios de comercialización en un contexto de crisis (1895-1902)
Authors: Moyano Daniel
Published: October 2023

A finales del siglo XIX, la industria azucarera argentina ingresó en su primer ciclo de sobreproducción. Tras casi dos décadas de crecimiento, en 1895 se superaron las necesidades del consumo interno, cuya consecuencia directa fue la abrupta caída de los precios. Los intereses involucrados instrumentaron diferentes soluciones, concluyendo que sólo mediante la exportación lograrían estabilizar la plaza doméstica. Así, se ensayaron convenios entre productores y comercializadores, se gestionaron subsidios a la exportación, y se formó la “Unión Azucarera Argentina” S. A., encargada –en principio– de comprar los stocks y dosificar las ventas dentro y fuera del país para elevar las cotizaciones. La historiografía muestra considerables avances en el análisis de esta crisis, el accionar corporativo y los entretelones de la sanción de leyes de primas a la exportación. Con todo, un estudio centrado en esta firma comercial –fundamental en la arquitectura político/empresarial orientada a la exportación–, permitirá acercarnos con mayor detalle a la conformación y funcionamiento de acuerdos comerciales intrasectoriales, para dialogar con las interpretaciones generales sobre esta coyuntura y aportar nueva evidencia sobre las primeras prácticas colusorias en la industria argentina.
El extraño caso de las pistolas meteóricas
Authors: Asúa Miguel de
Published: October 2023

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Reseña. Dimensiones transatlánticas de la iushistoria
Authors: Eiris Ariel Alberto
Published: October 2023

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Emergency Department Overcrowding in Canada: Multistakeholder Dialogue
Authors: Rader Tamara , Ritchie Lindsay
Published: October 2023

During 3 multistakeholder dialogue sessions, patients, families, community members, emergency department (ED) staff and trainees told us that ED overcrowding results from a wider health care system dysfunction. They communicated that a major driving force is hospitals operating at or over capacity and large proportions of alternate level of care patients unable to be discharged due to lack of long-term care spaces.

We heard that an absence of health care resources available within communities could worsen the problem by filling the ED with patients who could be managed more appropriately elsewhere. Participants described how this creates frustration among patients and families and can contribute to staff burnout and moral distress.

Participants suggested that to effect change, solutions need to address accountability and incorporate integration across the health care systems. We heard that the specific health needs of patients and families should drive decision-making about solutions.

Participants described that currently available technologies and data are not being used to their full potential.
Avacopan (Tavneos)
Authors: CADTH
Published: October 2023

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.

The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.

This review assesses avacopan (Tavneos), 30 mg (3 oral capsules of 10 mg each), twice daily.

Indication: For the adjunctive treatment of adult patients with severe antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody–associated vasculitis (granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis) in combination with standard background therapy including glucocorticoids. Avacopan does not eliminate glucocorticoid use.
Hypogammaglobulinemia, a new risk factor for hepatitis B virus reactivation : about two cases.
Authors: de Leuze F , Havelange V , van Dievoet M-A , Horsmans Y , Dahlqvist G
Published: October 2023

Reactivation of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) with immunosuppressive status has been well established, mainly due to medications such as immunosuppressive therapy like cytotoxic chemotherapy, rituximab and biologic therapy, immunosuppression after solid and bone-marrow transplantation or long-term corticosteroids therapy. We report here two cases of HBV reactivation due to global hypogammaglobulinemia. Regular HBV serologic screening and PCR for HBV-DNA should be applied for each patient with primary immunosuppressive status and history of chronic HBV infection. The necessity of a preemptive treatment remains debated.
Granulomatous peritoneal disease associated with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy for ampullary adenocarcinoma: a case report
Authors: Vermeersch G , Cruyt N , D’Hondt E , Geers J , Hertveldt K , Stockman A , Lambrecht G
Published: October 2023

Adenocarcinomas of the ampulla of Vater represent only 0.2% of all gastrointestinal cancers. Due to the low incidence no large clinical trials evaluating efficacy of treatments are available. Adjuvant therapy is often administered in patients with stage IB or higher. Oxaliplatin is considered as an effective and well tolerated therapeutic option. Adverse events associated with this therapy include cardio-, neuro-, nephrotoxicity and myelosuppression. Previously granulomatous pulmonary and liver manifestations have been described in oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. In this report peritoneal manifestation of granulomatous disease associated with oxaliplatin is described for the first time. Sarcoidlike reactions may be misinterpreted as tumour progression or metastatic disease, and may consequently result in over-treatment.
Dumping syndrome after bariatric surgery: prevalence, pathophysiology and role in weight reduction – a systematic review
Authors: D’hoedt A , Vanuytsel T
Published: October 2023

Background: Dumping syndrome is a frequent and wellknown adverse event after bariatric surgery and covers a dynamic spectrum of early and late dumping. Accelerated gastric emptying is generally considered to be the cause of gastrointestinal and vasomotor complaints. However, there is much uncertainty regarding the exact pathophysiology of dumping. It has been speculated that the syndrome is a desired consequence of bariatric surgery and contributes to more efficient weight loss, but supporting data are scarce.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed in July-August 2021. The prevalence of dumping after the most frequently performed bariatric procedures was analyzed, as well as underlying pathophysiology and its role in weight reduction.

Results: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is associated with the highest postoperative prevalence of dumping. The fast transit induces neurohumoral changes which contribute to an imbalance between postprandial glucose and insulin levels, resulting in hypoglycemia which is the hallmark of late dumping. Early dumping can, when received in a positive way, become a tool to maintain a strict dietary pattern, but no significant relationship to the degree of weight loss has been shown. However, late dumping is detrimental and promotes overall higher caloric intake.

Conclusion: Dumping syndrome is common after bariatric surgery, especially after RYGB. The pathophysiology is complex and ambiguous. Currently available data do not support dumping as a necessary condition to induce weight loss after bariatric surgery.
Biliary papillomatosis
Authors: Gelders F , Struyve M , van Malenstein H
Published: October 2023

Biliary papillomatosis (BP) is a rare disorder of the biliary tract characterized by the presence of multiple papillary adenomas spread along the biliary tree. Although benign, it carries a significant risk of malignant transformation. Due to low sensitivity and specificity of conventional radiologic modalities, the diagnosis as well as estimation of disease extent is difficult. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) are superior although direct peroral cholangioscopy (POC) is currently the most accurate diagnostic method. Mainly because it provides more detailed information and makes targeted histological diagnosis possible. The treatment of biliary papillomatosis consists of surgical resection, liver transplantation (LT) or a combination of both. Unfortunately, the recurrence rate after radical surgery without LT remains high due to the diffuse distribution of the disease.
Treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections with faecal microbiota transplantation: peri-procedural methods in a consecutive case series
Authors: Korpak K , Defourny L , Lali S , Delvallée M , Demeester R , Toussaint E
Published: October 2023

Background: Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has high efficacy against recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Despite the increasing use of this therapy, the delay between diagnosis and treatment is excessive. Furthermore, donor selection is an important and time-consuming process.

Methods: We reviewed patients who underwent FMT for recurrent CDI at the CHU Charleroi Hospital between 2015 and 2022. The general context, type of administration, adverse events, and donor selection were reported. FMT was conducted using gastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, and enema with either fresh or frozen material.

Results: Ten patients with multiple comorbidities were treated by FMT. Seven patients were cured after one procedure. One patient was successfully cured after a change to an unrelated donor, and preliminary efficacy was established.

Conclusions: FMT is an effective treatment that should be considered during the earlier phases of treatment. Stool donors should be thoroughly screened for infectious diseases and other criteria related to microbiota composition.