bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutritional controls of beef cow reproduction
Authors: Hess B. W. , Lake S. L. , Scholljegerdes E. J. , Weston T. R. , Nayigihugu V. , Molle J. D. C. , Moss G. E.
Published: November 2023

The livestock industry and animal scientists have long recognized the importance of proper nutrition for cattle to achieve reproductive success. Timely resumption of estrus following parturition is a major milestone that a cow must reach for optimal reproduction. Dynamic interplay among all strata of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-ovarian axis occurs during the cow's transition from postpartum anestrus to reproductive competence. The reproductive axis integrates a milieu of nutritionally related signals that directly or indirectly affect reproduction. Directing nutritional inputs toward anabolic processes is critical to stimulating key events that promote reproductive success. Although prepartum and postpartum energy balance are the most important factors affecting duration of the postpartum interval to first estrus in beef cows, other nutritional inputs likely impinge on the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-ovarian axis to influence reproduction. For example, feeding fat to beef cows for approximately 60 d before calving may improve pregnancy rates in the upcoming breeding season. Supplementing postpartum diets with lipids high in linoleic acid can impede reproductive performance of beef cows. Precise mechanisms through which nutritional inputs mediate reproduction have not yet been fully elucidated. Scientists investigating nutritional mediators of reproduction, or how nutritional inputs affect reproduction, must be cognizant of the interactions among nutrients and nutritional cues responsible for mediating reproduction.
Automatische Qualitätskontrolle mittels Maschinellem Lernen und SAP Leonardo
Authors: Herrmann Frank , Büttner Simon
Published: November 2023

In vielen Unternehmen werden von Menschen durch Ansehen von Produkten Produktionsfehler identifiziert. Die übersehenen Produktionsfehler führen zunehmend häufiger zu teuren Kundenreklamationen. Für die Produktion von Fußbällen wird in dieser Arbeit diese manuelle Qualitätssicherung analysiert. Als Alternative werden die Fußbälle durch einen Roboter fotografiert und durch maschinelles Lernen werden Produktionsfehler auf diesen digitalen Fotos identifiziert. Dieser Prüfprozess wird in SAP Leonardo implementiert und damit wird der bereits in einem SAP System implementierte Produktionsprozess (bzw. Unternehmensprozess) erweitert, wodurch ein durchgängig digitalisierter Gesamtprozess implementiert wird. Dadurch werden signifikant bessere Prüfergebnisse erreicht und die Durchlaufzeit des Prüfprozesses wird substantiell reduziert.
Simulation of Horizontal and Vertical Integration in Digital Twins
Authors: Simon Carlo , Haag Stefan
Published: November 2023

Horizontal integration describes the linkage of processes to simplify the flow of materials and information between different corporations. Vertical integration describes the connection or merging of processes between top and shop floors inside the very same organization to enable comprehensive possibilities for optimization, allowing – virtually as side effect – for the customized production of batch size one orders.

Both fields offer interesting issues, for example how to gain insight into what kind of effects a possible transformation could have prior to conducting said transformation – maybe assembly of a new production line, reengineering of a supply chain or managing the change of a business process due to new market constraints. Alterations naturally come at a price, thus, testing the consequences by implementation is nearly always infeasible.

To lessen the cost of change, transformations can be analyzed using digital twins – by modelling real world machinery, work pieces and processes, then simulating them and their interaction.

The authors present a possibility to implement digital twins in arbitrary magnitude and level of detail. A web-based specification and simulation environment allows for modelling both high-level business processes and field level as well as activities across companies' borders, comprising everything between.
Concepts for GDPR-Compliant Processing of Personal Data on Blockchain
Authors: Zemler Florian
Published: November 2023

Blockchain is an emerging technology that is currently highly discussed in academia and practice. It offers a new approach of sharing data with participants in a network without the need to fully trust them. Among other reasons, this can be achieved be-cause data once stored on a Blockchain is immutable. The recently introduced General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) standardizes the European privacy regulations and brings major changes regarding how to handle personal data. Literature agrees that processing personal data on Blockchain is not compliant with the requirements of the GDPR. The present paper conducts a structured literature review and identifies four possible concepts for potentially GDPR-compliant data processing using Blockchain: Encryption & Key Destruction, Legal Argumentation, Off-Chain Storage, Redactable Blockchain. Each concept is described and analyzed in view of GDPR’s requirements. It becomes clear that the concepts Legal Argumentation and Encryption & Key Destruction might at the moment not be totally compliant with the GDPR.
MAKE-TO-ORDER PRODUCTION PLANNING WITH SEASONAL SUPPLY IN CANNED PINEAPPLE INDUSTRY
Authors: Plangsrisakul Kanapath , Somboonwiwat Tuanjai , Khompatraporn Chareonchai
Published: November 2023

This research studies a make-to-order production planning problem in a canned pineapple industry. Pineapple is a seasonal perishable fruit. Thus, the cost of fresh pineapple which is the main raw material in canned pineapple products is inexpensive during its season because of its abandance. The color of the pineapple also determines the price of the canned pineapple. However, the availability of different colors (referred as â€œchoiceâ€ and â€œstandardâ€) is dependent. Specifically, if for a given month the ratio of the choice-color pineapple increases, the ratio of the standard-color pineapple decreases. There are several costs involve such as fresh pineapple cost, can cost, sugar cost, water cost, labor cost, energy cost, and inventory holding cost. This problem is formulated as a mathematical model to maximize the total profit over four-months planning horizon. Two supply uncertainty cases are tested which are low and high ratios of the choice color. The results show that the profit depends on available color ratios of the pineapple. The production planning is best if it matches with the availability of the color ratios. In certain months, some fresh pineapple purchased exceed the need of the production because of the dependency of the two colors. The inventory holding cost also influences the production decisionâ€”whether to produce the canned pineapple in earlier months or it is better to produce only the canned pineapple when it is needed to serve the customer orders.
Supramolecular umpolung: converting electron-rich resorcin[4]arenes into potent CH-bonding anion receptors and transporters
Authors: Abdurakhmanova Esma R. , Mondal Debashis , Jędrzejewska Hanna , Cmoch Piotr , Danylyuk Oksana , Chmielewski Michał J. , Szumna Agnieszka
Published: November 2023

CH-hydrogen bonding anion receptors constitute an emerging class of anion sensors and transporters which, owing to their proteolytic and pH resistance, have great potential for biological applications. However, CH groups, being weak hydrogen bond donors, require additional enhancement of their binding properties. In this work, we demonstrate a new enhancement strategy that relies on the generation of large dipole moments by a combination of electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents. More specifically, the substitution of electron-rich resorcin[4]arenes with electron-withdrawing nitro groups in the upper rim induces a dipole moment of 15.8 D and concentrates electrostatic potential at the lower rim, leading to strong CH···anion binding at this remote site. As a result, tetranitroresorcin[4]arenes, available in just two synthetic steps, acquire high affinities towards halides (Ka(Cl-) = 1.36 × 105 M-1 in THF), remarkable tolerance to water, and selective chloride transport activity (EC50 = 0.012 mol%). A pivotal role of the seemingly innocent alkyl chains surrounding the binding site in making the receptors resistant to competitive aqueous/organic solvent mixtures and enabling anion transport is also demonstrated.
Tracking Coordination Environment and Reaction Intermediates in Homo- and Heterogeneous Epoxidation Catalysts via Ti L2,3-edge NEXAFS
Authors: Lätsch Lukas , Guda Sergey A. , Romankov Vladyslav , Wartmann Christina , Neudörfl Jörg-M. , Dreiser Jan , Berkessel Albrecht , Guda Alexander A. , Copéret Christophe
Published: November 2023

Ti-based molecules and materials are ubiquitous, and play a major role in both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic processes. Understanding the electronic structures of their active sites (oxidation state, local symmetry and ligand environment) is key to developing molecular-level structure-property relationships. In that context, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) offers a unique combination of element selectivity and sensitivity to local symmetry. Commonly, for early transition metals such as Ti, K-edge XAS is applied for in situ characterization and subsequent structural analysis with high sensitivity towards tetrahedral species. Ti L2,3-edge spectroscopy is in principle complementary and offers specific opportunities to interrogate the electronic structure of five-and six-coordinated species. It is, however, much more rarely implemented, because the use of soft X-rays implies ultra-high vacuum conditions. Furthermore, the interpretation of the data can be challenging. Here, we show how Ti L2,3-edge spectroscopy can help to obtain unique information about both homogeneous and heterogeneous epoxidation catalysts and to develop a molecular-level relationship between spectroscopic signatures and electronic structures. Towards this goal, we first establish a spectral library of molecular Ti reference compounds, comprising various coordination environments with mono- and dimeric Ti species having O, N and Cl-ligands. We next implemented a computational methodology based on multiplet ligand field theory and maximally localized Wannier orbitals benchmarked on our library to understand Ti L2,3-edge spectroscopic signatures. We finally used this approach to track and predict spectra of catalytically relevant intermediates, focusing on Ti-based olefin epoxidation catalysts.
Flavin-N5OOH: A powerful nucleophile and base in nature
Authors: zhang Qiaoyu , Chen Qianqian , Wang Binju , Shaik Sason
Published: November 2023

Flavoenzymes can mediate a large variety of oxidation reactions via the activation of oxygen. As such, the chemistry of flavoenzymes is an important field that has not yet attained its full scope/recognition. Normally, the O2 activation occurs at the C4a site of the flavin cofactor, yielding the flavin C4a-(hydro)hydroperoxyl species in monooxygenases or oxidases. Using extensive MD simulations, QM/MM calculations and QM calculations, our studies reveal the formation of the common nucleophilic species, flavin-N5OOH, in two distinct flavoenzymes (RutA and EncM). Our studies show that flavin-N5OOH acts as a powerful nucleophile that promotes C–N cleavage of uracil in RutA, and a powerful base in the deprotonation of substrates in EncM. We reason that flavin-N5OOH can be a common reactive species in the superfamily of flavoenzymes, which accomplishes the generally selective general base catalysis, and the C–X (X= N, S, Cl, O) cleavage reactions that are otherwise challenging by solvated hydroxide ion base. These results expand our understanding of the chemistry and catalysis of flavoenzymes.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Mechanically Axially Chiral Rotaxanes
Authors: Gallagher Peter , Savoini Andrea , Butler Patrick , Tizzard Graham , Goldup Stephen
Published: November 2023

The chiral mechanical axial stereogenic unit of rotaxanes was only recently recognized, despite equivalent mechanically axially chiral catenanes being discussed in the early 1960s. Here we demonstrate that a single H-bond between the groups that differentiate the faces of the macrocycle and axle appears sufficient to deliver high diastereocontrol (80% de) in the mechanical bond forming step and extend this observation to the first direct enantioselective approach in up to 70% ee.
Kinetic Resolution of Epimeric Proteins enables Stereoselective Chemical Mutagenesis
Authors: Ablat Guljannat , Lawton Neev , Hicks Thomas , Jarvis James , Mueller Manuel
Published: November 2023

Chemical mutagenesis via dehydroalanine (Dha) is a powerful method to tailor protein structure and function, allowing the site-specific installation of post-translational modifications (PTMs) and non-natural functional groups. Despite the impressive versatility of this method, applications have been limited as products are formed as epimeric mixtures, whereby the modified amino acid is present as both the desired L-configuration and a roughly equal amount of the undesired D-isomer. Here we describe a simple remedy for this issue: removal of the D-isomer via proteolysis using a D-stereoselective peptidase, alkaline D-peptidase (AD-P). We demonstrate that AD-P can selectively cleave the D-isomer of epimeric residues within GFP and several sites of histone H3, allowing the installation of non-natural amino acids with stereochemical control. Given the breadth of modifications that can be introduced via Dha and the simplicity of our method, we believe that stereoselective chemoenzymatic mutagenesis will find broad utility in protein engineering and chemical biology applications.
The Catalytic Enantioselective [1,2]-Wittig Rearrangement of Allylic Ethers
Authors: Kang Tengfei , O'Yang Justin , Kasten Kevin , Farrar Elliot , Allsop Samuel , Juhl Martin , Cordes David , McKay Aidan , Grayson Matthew , Smith Andrew
Published: November 2023

The catalytic enantioselective [1,2]-Wittig rearrangement of allylic ethers is currently unknown. This process constitutes a recognised challenge as it is traditionally considered to arise from a non-concerted reaction pathway via formation and recombination of radical pairs. This manuscript demonstrates a catalytic enantioselective solution to this challenge, and shows that [1,2]-Wittig products are generated via an alternative reaction cascade to traditional dogma. The developed process employs a chiral bifunctional iminophosphorane catalyst to promote an initial enantioselective [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement. A subsequent base promoted, stereoconvergent, ionic fragmentation-recombination that proceeds with high enantiospecificity and retention of configuration, formally equivalent to a Woodward-Hoffmann forbidden thermal [1,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement, generates [1,2]-Wittig products in up to 97:3 er. This unique chirality transfer process will have broad implications for fundamental stereocontrol in organic transformations.
Elucidating the Fluxionality and Dynamics of Zeolite-Confined Au Nanoclusters Using Machine Learning Potentials
Authors: Sun Chenghan , Sonti Siddharth , Chen Zekun , Donadio Davide , Ahn Surl-Hee , Kulkarni Ambarish
Published: November 2023

Sub-nanometric clusters (NCs) of transition metal (TM) atoms, typically consisting of fewer than 15 atoms, have exhibited remarkable catalytic activity in various industrial reactions. However, these NCs are thermodynamically unstable and susceptible to deactivation due to sintering effects. Previous experiments have proposed zeolites as effective structural supports to stabilize these NCs. Still, there has been limited exploration of the long-timescale dynamics, including fluxionality and diffusivity, of these zeolite-confined TM NCs (TM@zeolites). Traditionally, investigating dynamics on the timescale of a few nanoseconds (ns) has been challenging using conventional \emph{ab initio} molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations. This paper uses a self-adaptive workflow that leverages two state-of-the-art machine learning potential (MLP) packages, SchNetPack and Neuroevolution potential (NEP). This workflow was developed via multiple iterations of training, utilizing both AIMD and classical molecular dynamics (MD) based metadynamics simulations under an adaptive sampling framework known as query-by-committee active learning. The result was a highly accurate and robust MLP capable describing the diffusion of Au nanoclusters in zeolites. The MLP was found to be transferable across different temperatures and scalable to different zeolite topologies.
Double Aromaticity of Franck-Condon Excited States of Cyclo[16]carbon
Authors: Wu Yang , Yan Xiufen , Liu Zeyu , Lu Tian
Published: November 2023

Excited-state aromaticity of molecular rings is a very interesting and meaningful topic. Inspired by the recent realization of cyclo[16]carbon (C16) with double anti-aromaticity characteristics of singlet ground state (S0 state), here we demonstrate that at the S0 minimum geometry, C16 not only exhibits evident triplet excited-state (T1 state) aromaticity, but also possesses more significant double aromaticity in quintet excited state (Q1 state), which are supported by robust aromaticity indicators in terms of induced current, magnetic shielding, and density distribution of globally delocalized π electrons. The comparative analysis also reveals the essential reason why the Q1 state of C16 has more aromaticity than the T1 state.
Laser induced temperature-jump time resolved IR spectroscopy of zeolites
Authors: Hawkins Alexander P. , Edmeades Amy E. , Hutchison Christopher D.M. , Towrie Mike , Howe Russell F. , Greetham Gregory M. , Donaldson Paul M.
Published: November 2023

Combining pulsed laser heating and time-resolved infrared (TR-IR) absorption spectroscopy provides a means of initiating and studying thermally activated chemical reactions and diffusion processes in heterogeneous catalysts on timescales from nanoseconds to seconds. To this end, we investigated single pulse and burst laser heating in zeolite catalysts under realistic conditions using TR-IR spectroscopy. 1 ns, 70 µJ, 2.8 µm laser pulses from a Nd:YAG-pumped optical parametric oscillator were observed to induce temperature-jumps (T-jumps) in zeolite pellets in nanoseconds, with the sample cooling over 1 – 3 ms. By adopting a tightly focused beam geometry, T-jumps as large as 145 °C from the starting temperature were achieved, demonstrated through comparison of the TR-IR spectra with temperature dependent IR absorption spectra and three dimensional heat transfer modelling using realistic experimental parameters. The simulations provide a detailed understanding of the temperature distribution within the sample and its evolution over the cooling period, which we observe to be bi-exponential. These results provide foundations for determining the magnitude of a T-jump in a catalyst/adsorbate system from its absorption spectrum and physical properties, and for applying T-jump TR-IR spectroscopy to the study of reactive chemistry in heterogeneous catalysts.
QUANTUM STATES OF THE ‘ENIGMATIC’ 1-D HYDROGEN ATOM: DO THEY EXIST?
Authors: Ghosh Sucheta , Bhattacharyya Shankar Prasad
Published: November 2023

The quantum states of hydrogen atom in one dimension can be obtained by a careful application of the well-known Frobenius method. The exercise is highly educative and brings to focus the subtle aspects of quantum mechanics. The allowed states turn out to be only of odd parity and non-degenerate, having energy given by E_n=-ⅇ^2/(2n^2 a_0 ) , n= 1, 2, 3,..., and a_0 being the first Bohr radius, in exact correspondence with energy levels of 3-D H-atom. In view of odd parity of all states the spectrum of 1-D H-atom is expected to be dominated by weak electric quadrupole transitions.
Strongly Reducing Helical Phenothiazines as Recyclable Organophotoredox Catalysts
Authors: Ando Haru , Takamura Hiroyoshi , Kadota Isao , Tanaka Kenta
Published: November 2023

Photocatalysts have recently attracted significant interest due to their potential applications in sustainable energy-conversion systems. In organic chemistry, recyclability of photocatalysts are important characteristics with respect to environmental concerns and economic benefits. Metal-based polypyridyl complexes of ruthenium and iridium have been widely used as recyclable homogeneous photoredox catalysts, whereas organophotoredox catalysts are less explored and usually limited to the use of polymer methods. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of recyclable phenothiazine organophotoredox catalysts (PTHS 1–3). These catalysts exhibit relatively high excited-state oxidation potentials (E1/2ox* = −2.34 to −2.40 V vs. SCE) that can efficiently promote photoredox reactions via the one-electron reduction of 1,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene and 4-trifluoromethyliodobenzene, which have high reduction potentials (Ep/2 = −2.07 to −2.16 V vs. SCE). Notably, when the recycling performance was evaluated in the cross-coupling reaction between an aryl halide and triethylphosphite, PTHS-1 can be recovered at least four times without loss of its catalytic activity. The present recyclable and reusable organophotoredox catalysts thus represent a promising tool for sustainable organic synthesis.
Therapeutic peptides are preferentially solubilized in specific microenvironments within PEG-PLGA polymer nanoparticles
Authors: Lopez-Rios De Castro Raquel , Ziolek Robert , Ulmschneider Martin , Lorenz Christian
Published: November 2023

Polymeric nanoparticles represent a highly promising drug delivery formulation. However, a lack of understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie their drug solubilization and controlled release capabilities has hindered efficient clinical translation of such technologies. Polyethylene glycol-poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PEG-PLGA) nanoparticles have been widely studied as cancer drug delivery vehicles. In this manuscript we use unbiased coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to model the self-assembly of a PEG-PLGA nanoparticle and its solubulization of the anticancer peptide, EEK. This nanoformulation has been shown to be efficacious against triple negative breast cancer cells \textit{in vivo}. The physical characteristics of our simulated PEG-PLGA nanoparticles are in good agreement with the previously reported experimentalquantities. To describe the internal structure of the nanoparticles, we apply unsupervised machine learning techniques to quantify the conformations that polymers adopt at various locations within the nanoparticle. We find that the local microenvironments formed by the various polymer conformations promote preferential EEK solubilization within specific regions of the NP. This demonstrates that these microenvironments are key in controlling drug storage locations within nanoparticles, implying that the individual polymer conformations within such nanoparticles are potentially tunable parameters for the rational design of new polymer nanoparticles for therapeutic applications.
Hydrogen Bonding Template Enables Remote meta-C-H Alkenylation of Nitroarenes
Authors: DUTTA BISHAL , Mahajan Mayank , Ghosh Animesh , Dajek Maciej , Kowalczyk Rafal , Mondal Bhaskar , Ge Haibo , Maiti Debabrata
Published: November 2023

Regioselective distal C-H functionalization of nitroarenes by overriding proximal C-H activation has remained an unsolved challenge. Herein, we present a palladium-catalyzed meta-C-H alkenylation of nitroarene substrates, achieved through leveraging the non-covalent hydrogen bonding interactions. Urea-based templates comprising an elongated biphenyl linker designed in such a way that it interacts with the nitro group via strong hydrogen bonding interaction, while a cyano based directing group is attached along the template to coordinate with the palladium center, thereby facilitating the activation of the remote meta-C-H bond of nitrobenzene. Computational mechanistic investigation and the analysis of non-covalent inter-action deciphers the crucial role of H-bonding in regulating the regioselectivity.
Flora of Singapore precursors 40: Notes on Ericaceae in Singapore
Authors: Middleton D.J.
Published: November 2023

The nomenclature and typification of the species of Ericaceae in Singapore are discussed. A neotype is designated for Leucopogon malayanus Jack. Lectotypes are designated for Rhododendron longiflorum Lindl., R. javanicum (Blume) Benn. var. tubiflorum Hook.f., Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb. and, in a second step, V. malaccense Wight.
Confirmation of Morinda bracteata (Rubiaceae) in New Guinea
Authors: Ezedin Z.
Published: November 2023

The tree species Morinda bracteata Roxb. is here confirmed for New Guinea after having been previously overlooked. A brief summary of its taxonomic history is given, along with its revised distribution which now appears restricted to the east of Huxley’s Line when Palawan is included.
A revision of Codonoboea (Gesneriaceae: Didymocarpoideae) in Thailand
Authors: Middleton D.J.
Published: November 2023

The genus Codonoboea Ridl. (Gesneriaceae: Didymocarpoideae: Trichosporeae: Didymocarpinae) is revised for Thailand. Thirteen species are recognised, one of which, Codonoboea poopathii D.J.Middleton, is new to science and three of which, C. dawnii (Kiew) Kiew, C. oreophila Kiew ex C.L.Lim and C. urticoides (A.Weber) Kiew, are new records for Thailand. Didymocarpus reptans Jack is neotypified; D. hispidus Ridl. var. selangorensis Ridl., D. inaequalis Ridl., D. rugosus Ridl. and D. urticifolius Ridl. are lectotypified; and D. hispidus Ridl. is lectotypified in a second step. A key to the species is provided and all species are described.
Four new species of Gesneriaceae from Vietnam
Authors: Middleton D.J.
Published: November 2023

The new species Allocheilos villosus B.L.Burtt ex D.J.Middleton, Didymocarpus tamdaoensis D.J.Middleton, Didymocarpus dalatensis D.J.Middleton and Loxostigma vietnamensis D.J.Middleton from Vietnam are described.
Implantación de laboratorios en línea en titulaciones de Informática usando la herramienta Discord
Authors: Pardines Lence Inmaculada , Sánchez-Élez Martín Marcos , Molina Prego Mª del Carmen
Published: November 2023

En este trabajo se presenta una propuesta para implementar un laboratorio en línea en las titulaciones de Informática. Esta metodología trata de emular completamente un laboratorio presencial, asegurando una comunicación fluida entre la pareja de laboratorio y entre esta y los profesores. Utilizamos Discord como herramienta de comunicación, debido a su facilidad para crear grupos de trabajo, sus capacidades de comunicación de texto y voz, sus menores requerimientos de ancho de banda y la familiaridad de los alumnos con la misma. La calidad del laboratorio en línea diseñado está avalada por una encuesta en la que el 86,2% de los estudiantes indican estar satisfechos o muy satisfechos con el desarrollo del laboratorio.
Continuidad pedagógica en las interfaces: un análisis de la carrera de Ingeniería Industrial de la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata
Authors: Morcela Oscar Antonio
Published: November 2023

El análisis de las interfaces es crucial para comprender los factores que determinan el éxito en sistemas complejos, como una carrera universitaria en Argentina, que enfrenta restricciones presupuestarias, de recursos humanos, estructurales y de contexto. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar los factores que describen las interfaces de este sistema y evaluar el impacto de las estrategias de intervención en el producto final: profesionales de ingeniería, graduados con la calidad y en el tiempo que el sistema requiere. A partir de los objetivos planteados y el análisis de las evidencias recopiladas, se postula que la flexibilización de las restricciones estructurales de la carrera tiene un efecto positivo en la retención de estudiantes y en la tasa de graduación. Además, se destaca la necesidad de realizar un estudio sistemático de los indicadores, con información desagregada, para determinar políticas y estrategias coherentes con las necesidades identificadas.
ANTI-COLONIAL DISCOURSE IN VISUAL IMAGES OF THE EAST OF THE XIX CENTURY
Authors: Fisun Kateryna
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the semantics of images of the East in European painting of the XIXth cent., which reflected the anti-colonial (emancipator, humanist) discourse in the era artistic consciousness of the XIXth cent. The relevance of the study is due to the insufficient knowledge representation of cultural policies in classical painting, as well as the active development of the research into new forms of imperialism and colonialism in the field of media, social communications and modern culture. Anti-colonial discourse is understood as a discourse on the significance and the identity of other cultures representatives and their acceptance as equals to representatives of Western culture. Orientalism is associated, first of all, with the images of harem scenes and odalisques, thanks to which the political ideology of empires throughout the history of Western colonialism formed the image of a depraved, wild, immoral East in the public consciousness of the West. The scientific novelty of the study consists of anti-colonial images of semantics determining of the East in European painting of the XIXth cent., and in an attempt to identify their typology. Methodologically, the author is based on the Postcolonial Studies (Edward Said, E. Ann Kaplan), the studies of modern forms of imperialism and colonialism (Richard Bernstein, Oliver Boyd- Barrett), the Visual Studies (John Berger, Linda Nochlin, Susan Woodford). The object of the study is well- known and the same time as little-known subjects of the XIXth cent. painting that represents colonial and anti-colonial rhetoric. The author aims to explore the images of Islamic, Jewish religiosity and everyday life, mosques and synagogues, deeply religious Muslim and Jewish women. The author introduces the concept of “external Others” of the empire (living on the borders or outside the boundaries of the empire) and “internal Others” (living within the boundaries of the empire), who can be classified depending on geographical, religious proximity or political ties with one or the other empires and communities. The author develops the East images typology of the anti-colonial (emancipator, humanist) direction and analyzes their semantics, which are characterized by the emphasized spiritual sublimity of the East, a positive image of the religious experience of the inhabitants of the East, hidden femininity and Eastern everyday life.
BEING–DASEIN AMONG LITERAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES OF UKRAINIAN TRANSLATION
Authors: Zakhlypa Daria
Published: November 2023

The long–term presence of being as one of the fundamental philosophical concepts in many languages and congruous semantic locutions bears record to its literal and contextual insularity, and at the same time, autonomy position among regional variations of word usage. As a result, the concept of being can be considered an inherently non adopted one, which means: in each individual case, it is evolved according to the cultural features of specific language community, the topicality of which only increases because of this fact. For its part, the local alternatives to the concept of Dasein, which has turned into an untranslatable paradigm, continue to be cultivated in today's realities, within the confines of post–Heideggerian ontology. The concept of Dasein entered the Ukrainian philosophical glossary in a dominant way according to the Russian translation in the form of presence, carried out by V. Bibikhin, the critique around which has not subsided to this day. Moreover, one should always be guided by the logic of a clear definition of the conditions for the appearance of self–evident conceptual adaptations, which increasingly make up Ukrainian philosophical lexicon today. At the same time, they both represent its thematic boundaries and limits, acting as the real consequences of durable isolation of Ukrainian language from the European process of reconstruction and creation of new philosophical concepts to reflect the idea of being as a whole. For Ukrainian–speaking philosophical community, the problem of protracted exclusion of its language from the European discourse of word formation with its congruous concepts is especially timely, ignoring actualization of which risks leaving a substantial number of essential concepts for ontology in an undeveloped state, i.e., without real translation alternatives. Due to this reason, there is a rapid revival of interest in the creation of author's linguistic units: both in the framework of the translation of elaborated concepts in the history of philosophy, and those ones that pretend to enter the Ukrainian philosophical glossary on authentic basis, which can be observed in the analysis of being-nature concept. The current article is a logical reproduction and continuation of this process. Furthermore, today's critique of the monolithic model of being is gaining momentum alongside the phenomena of its restructuring, that cannot but affect the prospects of working on ontologically rooted concepts. That is why the synthesis of letter and philosophical sense in the translation of Dasein–type concepts, which are fundamental for ontology, has chosen as the key aim of this article, including the perspectives of minimizing ordinary mistakes of copying and paraphrasing, thus bringing the problems of Ukrainian translation to the level of original authorship.
Real-time monitoring of environmental parameters in agriculture using WSN
Authors: Ushaa Eswaran , Vishal Eswaran
Published: November 2023

The use of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has become increasingly popular in agriculture for real-time monitoring of environmental parameters. This study presents the development and evaluation of a WSN implemented using Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and XBee modules for real-time monitoring of temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and light intensity in a greenhouse. The results demonstrate that the system provides reliable and accurate data with low power consumption, thereby highlighting the feasibility of using WSNs for agricultural monitoring. This substantiates the feasibility and practicality of employing WSNs as invaluable tools for agricultural monitoring. As agriculture undergoes a transformative shift towards precision and sustainability, this research underscores the potential of WSNs to revolutionize farming practices, enhance resource allocation, increase crop yields, and ultimately contribute to the promotion of environmentally responsible agriculture. This study serves as a significant step in the convergence of technology and agriculture, fostering more efficient and eco-conscious farming methodologies.
Relationship between social intelligence and social media among student teachers
Authors: Anbalagan S. , Kasirajan V.
Published: November 2023

This study was designed to study the relationship between social intelligence and social media among Student teachers. In the present study, normative survey research method is used. A sample of 300 student teachers was carefully chosen from a different kind of B.Ed. College from Tirunelveli District in the State of Tamil Nadu, India. The simple random technique was adopted to select the subjects for the present study. The collected facts were investigated by using the statistical techniques as descriptive and regression analysis. The conclusions of the study presented that there is a significant relationship between social intelligence and social media among student teachers.
Teachers' responsibility in the participation of students in scholarship examinations
Authors: Selvi P. , Vakkil M.
Published: November 2023

National Means cum Merits Scholarship (NMMS) scheme is to identify the excellent students from economically weaker sections for class 8th and enable them to continue their studies and complete secondary education. Teachers' responsibility is of vital significance in the development of society. The study's objective was to find out teachers' responsibility in students' participation in the scholarship examination among government schools. The investigator adopted a descriptive survey method, and samples have been randomly selected from 50 government secondary school teachers in Salem district. Statistical techniques used are Mean, Standard Deviation, 't' test and 'F' test. The major findings of this study are that there was a significant difference between teachers' responsibility in the participation of students in the scholarship examination among government schools of their locality (t=6.25, p<0.01), with educational qualifications (t=17.07, p<0.01), and teaching experience (t=4.30, p<0.01). The recommendation of this study is that the government shows more interest to the secondary school students to get awareness about NMMS examination; all government schools must provide the model reference books for NMMS examination; and it will help the curriculum planners to make the needed changes in the text books by making provision for varied contents related to the competitive examination of the students.
Importance of citizen participation in the election process in Kenya
Authors: David Sande Ouma
Published: November 2023

After the repeal of Section 2A of the former constitution in 1992, which led to the pluralization of the country's politics, the stakes of all subsequent general elections have required the contribution of every individual to achieve a desired outcome. This has manifested itself during campaigns and the inclusion of different groups, such as women, men, youth, and persons living with disabilities. The thematic areas that highlight the significance of citizen participation in an election have been identified in this paper. These areas include avoiding post-election conflicts and violence, representing the citizens' ideas and aspirations, promoting inclusivity and eliminating marginalization, enhancing the legitimacy of the election, selecting office bearers, and serving as a catalyst for the nation's development. The paper emphasizes that in order to make meaningful strides towards cherishing and achieving national unity and tranquility, it is imperative to provide every person with an equal chance without prejudice.
A study on assessment of teaching and learning methods for secondary school biology subject content as an approach to addressing environmental degradation in Malawi: A case study of Karonga district
Authors: Vinnaras Nithyanantham , Jacob Eston Chiyombo
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study was to assess teaching and learning methods for the secondary school biology subject content as an approach to addressing environmental degradation in Malawi. The study was guided by specific research objectives, such as assessing how success criteria in secondary school biology syllabi are framed to address environmental degradation in Malawi, investigating the appropriateness of the methods of teaching and learning biology that address environmental degradation, and examining how biology teachers assess students' fieldwork required by the syllabus. A mixed-methods approach was used in this study. Sixty secondary school teachers were selected from 40 secondary schools in the Northern Education Division of the Ministry of Education in Malawi as research participants. Schools and participants were selected through convenience and purposive sampling techniques, respectively. In this study, data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, and document analysis. Data analysis was done thematically and using statistics. The research study found that the success criteria, content, and teaching and learning methods in biology would not address environmental degradation because the success criteria were not framed well and had many action verbs such as "explain," "describe," and "state." Additionally, explanation was the main teaching and learning method used by secondary school biology teachers, which would not address environmental degradation since it did not encourage learning through practice. The findings also revealed that biology teachers in secondary schools assessed learners with the aim of passing public examinations and did not assist learners in acquiring skills to deal with issues of environmental degradation.
Diligence and intelligence in “Makato and the Cowrie Shell” and “Ang Pagong at Ang Matsing”
Authors: Felimon Bonita Blanco
Published: November 2023

A comparative study of folk tales between Thailand and the Philippines is conducted. Thailand's "Makato and the Cowrie Shell" and the Philippines' "Ang Pagong at ang Matsing" are studied and compared using pre-identified areas of comparison, which include orality, characters, setting, plot, conflict, theme, and moral lesson. Content analysis is used as a critical lens in the study of these two famous Asian folk tales. This comparative literature study reveals that both folk tales share common Asian values of thrift, hard work, diligence, and intelligence. The findings also show the strong agricultural background of these two Asian countries, which is depicted in the concept of planting found in both stories. This portrayal highlights how farming is an important communal work that engages members of society.
How do the farmers cope with salinity on the Southwestern coast of Bangladesh?
Authors: Tarik Aziz
Published: November 2023

Salinity is one of the major disasters faced on the southwestern coast of Bangladesh, and it causes a lot of damage in the agriculture sector. This study explores the impact of salinity on agriculture in coastal areas. It outlines the strategies adopted by farmers and the government to overcome the adverse effects of salinity on agriculture. Using qualitative methods, data are collected from Raruli Union in Paikgaccha Upazila of Khulna district, Bangladesh. Findings show that salinity spread in most of the cultivable land due to Cyclone Aila, which struck on May 25, 2009. Aila caused extensive damage to fruits, forestry, and fisheries in the region. Many cultivable lands have become fish ghers due to salinity, and the farmers are leaving the agricultural production and are willing to involve themselves in the gher business after Aila. Some farmers are leaving farming and moving to different occupations (garments, brick kilns). The government has already undertaken a project to repair the coastal embankments and dig dead rivers to overcome this saline effect. Farmers are also taking collective strategies to resolve this problem, such as preparing land for 3-5 days before cultivation, irrigating the land with fresh water, and not leaving the land for a long time. The study argues that indigenous strategies help coastal farmers cope with salinity-induced problems, but government support is needed to increase their farming capacity. The study suggests that medicine for livestock, fisheries and poultry to combat viral diseases, salinityresilient vegetables, rice varieties, and the supply of virus-free small fry to fishermen, raising awareness among the farmers, and providing training are needed to minimize the effect of salinity.
Development of control systems that operate independently without human intervention
Authors: P. Paul Shalini
Published: November 2023

The development of control systems that operate independently without human intervention is a rapidly growing field in instrumentation and control engineering. These systems are designed to function autonomously, using artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques to make decisions and perform tasks. Applications of these systems can be found in a variety of fields, including autonomous vehicles, robotics, and industrial automation. The key benefits of these systems are their ability to perform tasks without human intervention, which can lead to increased efficiency and productivity. They also have the ability to operate in environments that may be too dangerous for humans, such as deep-sea exploration or space. Additionally, they are able to collect and process large amounts of data in real-time, which can be used to improve decision-making and control. This includes the use of machine learning and evolutionary algorithms to improve the ability of systems to adapt to changing conditions. This research is also focused on the integration of these systems with communication networks, such as the internet, to enable remote monitoring and control. Overall, the development of control systems that operate independently without human intervention is a rapidly growing field with many potential applications. With advancements in technology and increasing demand for automation, it is expected that autonomous systems will play an increasingly important role in various industries in the future.
Gas leakage detection system using IoT
Authors: Harry Kachule , Martin Mzumara , Glorindal
Published: November 2023

Gas leakages are a worldwide threat and adversely affect the lives of all living beings. These gas leakages can increase poor air quality across most parts of the world, which is one of the primary reasons for the declining health and increasing diseases among humans and animals. It is essential to start tracking these gas leakages before they cause problems. In Malawi, due to the current shortage of energy and power, people have turned to other sources of energy and power, frequently using gas for cooking and other activities. Therefore, there is a high and increasing number of gas leakage threats, which are becoming a significant concern for our daily lives in Malawi. Therefore, controlling gas leakage will be essential. With an IoT-based system, a system has been created that can detect gas leakage and monitor safety whenever gas equipment is being used at home. It will use the Brute Force algorithm and the BCrypt algorithm as well, which is a password hashing function.
IoT-based industrial energy management system
Authors: Francis Makwinja , Silvester Shaban Dafter , Brian Khoriyo , Chikumbutso Chirwa , Gift Mpehera , Glorindal Selvam
Published: November 2023

The ESCOM (Electricity Supply Corporation of Malawi) currently faces difficulties in monitoring and controlling critical parameters, such as electricity generation, transmission, and distribution in real-time. Inefficient energy management, lack of fault detection mechanisms, manual interventions, and limited data-driven decision-making capabilities are hindering ESCOM's ability to deliver reliable and efficient electricity services to the people of Malawi. The main objective of this work is to address the pressing challenges faced by ESCOM (Electricity Supply Corporation of Malawi) in effectively managing and optimizing electricity distribution within their infrastructure. This paper introduces an IoT-based industrial management system designed to tackle these challenges and enhance ESCOM's operational efficiency, energy management, and overall performance.
Leveraging ResearchGate for increased collaboration among LIS researchers
Authors: Anthonia Eghieso Omehia , Victor Wagwu , Innocent Chima Mmejim , Bolaji David Oladokun
Published: November 2023

This study examines the transformative role of ResearchGate in improving collaboration among Library and Information Science (LIS) researchers. By exploring the myriad features and possibilities, this study uncovers how it has redefined the way professionals in LIS engage with one another, share their findings, and contribute to the advancement of their field. The emergence of digital platforms has revolutionized the landscape of academic collaboration, and ResearchGate stands as a beacon of opportunity for researchers in the field of LIS. This research examined how the utilization of ResearchGate fosters increased collaboration among LIS researchers. This study employed existing ideas through a literature review. The benefits of leveraging ResearchGate in LIS collaboration are undeniable. This study contributes to the usability of ResearchGate for collaboration among LIS researchers. As LIS researchers collectively forge a path toward a future where collaboration is at the forefront of advancement, ResearchGate has emerged as a pivotal instrument to empower them.