bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attitudes Toward the Use of Voice-Assisted Technologies Among People With Parkinson Disease: Findings From a Web-Based Survey
Authors: Duffy Orla , Synnott Jonathan , McNaney Roisin , Brito Zambrano Paola , Kernohan W George
Published: March 2021

Background

Speech problems are common in people living with Parkinson disease (PD), limiting communication and ultimately affecting their quality of life. Voice-assisted technology in health and care settings has shown some potential in small-scale studies to address such problems, with a retrospective analysis of user reviews reporting anecdotal communication effects and promising usability features when using this technology for people with a range of disabilities. However, there is a need for research to establish users’ perspectives on the potential contribution of voice-assisted technology for people with PD.

Objective

This study aims to explore the attitudes toward the use of voice-assisted technology for people with PD.

Methods

A survey was approved for dissemination by a national charity, Parkinson’s UK, to be completed on the web by people living with the condition. The survey elicited respondent demographics, PD features, voice difficulties, digital skill capability, smart technology use, voice-assisted technology ownership and use, confidentiality, and privacy concerns. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and summative content analysis of free-text responses.

Results

Of 290 participants, 79.0% (n=229) indicated that they or others had noticed changes in their speech or voice because of the symptoms of their condition. Digital skills and awareness were reported on 11 digital skills such as the ability to find a website you have visited before. Most participants (n=209, 72.1%) reported being able to perform at least 10 of these 11 tasks. Similarly, of 70.7% (n=205) participants who owned a voice-assisted device, most of them (166/205, 80.9%) used it regularly, with 31.3% (52/166) reporting that they used the technology specifically to address the needs associated with their PD. Of these 166 users, 54.8% (n=91) sometimes, rarely, or never had to repeat themselves when using the technology. When asked about speech changes since they started using it, 25% (27/108) of participants noticed having to repeat themselves less and 14.8% (16/108) perceived their speech to be clearer. Of the 290 respondents, 90.7% (n=263) were not concerned, or only slightly concerned, about privacy and confidentiality.

Conclusions

Having been added to the homes of Western society, domestic voice assist devices are now available to assist those with communication problems. People with PD reported a high digital capability, albeit those who responded to a web-based survey. Most people have embraced voice-assisted technology, find it helpful and usable, and some have found benefit to their speech. Speech and language therapists may have a virtual ally that is already in the patient’s home to support future therapy provision.
A Multimodality Machine Learning Approach to Differentiate Severe and Nonsevere COVID-19: Model Development and Validation
Authors: Chen Yuanfang , Ouyang Liu , Bao Forrest S , Li Qian , Han Lei , Zhang Hengdong , Zhu Baoli , Ge Yaorong , Robinson Patrick , Xu Ming , Liu Jie , Chen Shi
Published: March 2021

Background

Effectively and efficiently diagnosing patients who have COVID-19 with the accurate clinical type of the disease is essential to achieve optimal outcomes for the patients as well as to reduce the risk of overloading the health care system. Currently, severe and nonsevere COVID-19 types are differentiated by only a few features, which do not comprehensively characterize the complicated pathological, physiological, and immunological responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in the different disease types. In addition, these type-defining features may not be readily testable at the time of diagnosis.

Objective

In this study, we aimed to use a machine learning approach to understand COVID-19 more comprehensively, accurately differentiate severe and nonsevere COVID-19 clinical types based on multiple medical features, and provide reliable predictions of the clinical type of the disease.

Methods

For this study, we recruited 214 confirmed patients with nonsevere COVID-19 and 148 patients with severe COVID-19. The clinical characteristics (26 features) and laboratory test results (26 features) upon admission were acquired as two input modalities. Exploratory analyses demonstrated that these features differed substantially between two clinical types. Machine learning random forest models based on all the features in each modality as well as on the top 5 features in each modality combined were developed and validated to differentiate COVID-19 clinical types.

Results

Using clinical and laboratory results independently as input, the random forest models achieved >90% and >95% predictive accuracy, respectively. The importance scores of the input features were further evaluated, and the top 5 features from each modality were identified (age, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, gender, and diabetes for the clinical features modality, and dimerized plasmin fragment D, high sensitivity troponin I, absolute neutrophil count, interleukin 6, and lactate dehydrogenase for the laboratory testing modality, in descending order). Using these top 10 multimodal features as the only input instead of all 52 features combined, the random forest model was able to achieve 97% predictive accuracy.

Conclusions

Our findings shed light on how the human body reacts to SARS-CoV-2 infection as a unit and provide insights on effectively evaluating the disease severity of patients with COVID-19 based on more common medical features when gold standard features are not available. We suggest that clinical information can be used as an initial screening tool for self-evaluation and triage, while laboratory test results should be applied when accuracy is the priority.
Multimodal Recruitment to Study Ovulation and Menstruation Health: Internet-Based Survey Pilot Study
Authors: Mahalingaiah Shruthi , Cheng J Jojo , Winter Michael R , Rodriguez Erika , Fruh Victoria , Williams Anna , Nguyen MyMy , Madhavan Rashmi , Karanja Pascaline , MacRae Jill , Konanki Sai Charan , Lane Kevin J , Aschengrau Ann
Published: March 2021

Background

Multimodal recruitment strategies are a novel way to increase diversity in research populations. However, these methods have not been previously applied to understanding the prevalence of menstrual disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of recruiting a diverse cohort to complete a web-based survey on ovulation and menstruation health.

Methods

We conducted the Ovulation and Menstruation Health Pilot Study using a REDCap web-based survey platform. We recruited 200 women from a clinical population, a community fair, and the internet.

Results

We recruited 438 women over 29 weeks between September 2017 and March 2018. After consent and eligibility determination, 345 enrolled, 278 started (clinic: n=43; community fair: n=61; internet: n=174), and 247 completed (clinic: n=28; community fair: n=60; internet: n=159) the survey. Among all participants, the median age was 25.0 (SD 6.0) years, mean BMI was 26.1 kg/m2 (SD 6.6), 79.7% (216/271) had a college degree or higher, and 14.6% (37/254) reported a physician diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome. Race and ethnicity distributions were 64.7% (176/272) White, 11.8% (32/272) Black/African American, 7.7% (21/272) Latina/Hispanic, and 5.9% (16/272) Asian individuals; 9.9% (27/272) reported more than one race or ethnicity. The highest enrollment of Black/African American individuals was in clinic (17/42, 40.5%) compared to 1.6% (1/61) in the community fair and 8.3% (14/169) using the internet. Survey completion rates were highest among those who were recruited from the internet (159/174, 91.4%) and community fairs (60/61, 98.4%) compared to those recruited in clinic (28/43, 65.1%).

Conclusions

Multimodal recruitment achieved target recruitment in a short time period and established a racially diverse cohort to study ovulation and menstruation health. There were greater enrollment and completion rates among those recruited via the internet and community fair.
The Patterns and Impact of Social Media Exposure of Journal Publications in Gastroenterology: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chiang Austin Lee , Rabinowitz Loren Galler , Alakbarli Javid , Chan Walter W
Published: March 2021

Background

Medical journals increasingly promote published content through social media platforms such as Twitter. However, gastroenterology journals still rank below average in social media engagement.

Objective

We aimed to determine the engagement patterns of publications in gastroenterology journals on Twitter and evaluate the impact of tweets on citations.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study comparing the 3-year citations of all full-length articles published in five major gastroenterology journals from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2012, tweeted by official journal accounts with those that were not. Multivariate analysis using linear regression was performed to control for journal impact factor, time since publication, article type, frequency of reposting by other users (“retweets”), and media addition to tweets. Secondary analyses were performed to assess the associations between article type or subtopic and the likelihood of social media promotion/engagement.

Results

A total of 1666 articles were reviewed, with 477 tweeted by the official journal account. Tweeting an article independently predicted increased citations after controlling for potential confounders (β coefficient=13.09; P=.007). There was significant association between article type and number of retweets on analysis of variance (ANOVA) (P<.001), with guidelines/technical reviews (mean difference 1.04, 95% CI 0.22-1.87; P<.001) and meta-analyses/systemic reviews (mean difference 1.03, 95% CI 0.35-1.70; P<.001) being retweeted more than basic science articles. The manuscript subtopics most frequently promoted included motility/functional bowel disease (odds ratio [OR] 3.84, 95% CI 1.93-7.64; P<.001) and education (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.62-13.58; P=.004), while basic science papers were less likely tweeted (OR 0.154, 95% CI 0.07-0.34; P<.001).

Conclusions

Tweeting of gastroenterology journal articles independently predicted higher 3-year citations. Wider adoption of social media to increase reach and measure uptake of published research should be considered.
Game Experience and Learning Effects of a Scoring-Based Mechanic for Logistical Aspects of Pediatric Emergency Medicine: Development and Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Cevin , Baalsrud Hauge Jannicke , Härenstam Karin Pukk , Meijer Sebastiaan
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Using serious games for learning in operations management is well established. However, especially for logistics skills in health care operations, there is little work on the design of game mechanics for learning engagement and the achievement of the desired learning goals.

OBJECTIVE

This contribution presents a serious game design representing patient flow characteristics, systemic resource configurations, and the roles of the players based on a real Swedish emergency ward. The game was tested in a set of game-based learning practices in the modalities of a physical board game and an online multiplayer serious game that implemented the same game structure.

METHODS

First, survey scores were collected using the Game Experience Questionnaire Core and Social Presence Modules to evaluate the experience and acceptance of the proposed design to gamify real processes in emergency care. Second, lag sequential analysis was applied to analyze the impact of the game mechanics on learning behavior transitions. Lastly, regression analysis was used to understand whether learning engagement attributes could potentially serve as significant predicting variables for logistical performance in a simulated learning environment.

RESULTS

A total of 36 students from courses in engineering and management at KTH Royal Institute of Technology participated in both game-based learning practices during the autumn and spring semesters of 2019 and 2020. For the Core Module, significant differences were found for the scores for negative affect and tension compared with the rest of the module. For the Social Presence Module, significant differences were found in the scores for the psychological involvement – negative feelings dimension compared with the rest of the module. During the process of content generation, the participant had access to circulating management resources and could edit profiles. The standard regression analysis output yielded a ΔR2 of 0.796 (F14,31=2725.49, P<.001) for the board version and 0.702 (F24,31=2635.31, P<.001) for the multiplayer online version after the learning engagement attributes.

CONCLUSIONS

The high scores of positive affect and immersion compared to the low scores of negative feelings demonstrated the motivating and cognitive involvement impact of the game. The proposed game mechanics have visible effects on significant correlation parameters between the majority of scoring features and changes in learning engagement attributes. Therefore, we conclude that for enhancing learning in logistical aspects of health care, serious games that are steered by well-designed scoring mechanisms can be used.
Attitudes Toward the Use of Voice-Assisted Technologies Among People With Parkinson Disease: Findings From a Web-Based Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Duffy Orla , Synnott Jonathan , McNaney Roisin , Brito Zambrano Paola , Kernohan W George
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Speech problems are common in people living with Parkinson disease (PD), limiting communication and ultimately affecting their quality of life. Voice-assisted technology in health and care settings has shown some potential in small-scale studies to address such problems, with a retrospective analysis of user reviews reporting anecdotal communication effects and promising usability features when using this technology for people with a range of disabilities. However, there is a need for research to establish users’ perspectives on the potential contribution of voice-assisted technology for people with PD.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to explore the attitudes toward the use of voice-assisted technology for people with PD.

METHODS

A survey was approved for dissemination by a national charity, Parkinson’s UK, to be completed on the web by people living with the condition. The survey elicited respondent demographics, PD features, voice difficulties, digital skill capability, smart technology use, voice-assisted technology ownership and use, confidentiality, and privacy concerns. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and summative content analysis of free-text responses.

RESULTS

Of 290 participants, 79.0% (n=229) indicated that they or others had noticed changes in their speech or voice because of the symptoms of their condition. Digital skills and awareness were reported on 11 digital skills such as the ability to find a website you have visited before. Most participants (n=209, 72.1%) reported being able to perform at least 10 of these 11 tasks. Similarly, of 70.7% (n=205) participants who owned a voice-assisted device, most of them (166/205, 80.9%) used it regularly, with 31.3% (52/166) reporting that they used the technology specifically to address the needs associated with their PD. Of these 166 users, 54.8% (n=91) sometimes, rarely, or never had to repeat themselves when using the technology. When asked about speech changes since they started using it, 25% (27/108) of participants noticed having to repeat themselves less and 14.8% (16/108) perceived their speech to be clearer. Of the 290 respondents, 90.7% (n=263) were not concerned, or only slightly concerned, about privacy and confidentiality.

CONCLUSIONS

Having been added to the homes of Western society, domestic voice assist devices are now available to assist those with communication problems. People with PD reported a high digital capability, albeit those who responded to a web-based survey. Most people have embraced voice-assisted technology, find it helpful and usable, and some have found benefit to their speech. Speech and language therapists may have a virtual ally that is already in the patient’s home to support future therapy provision.
A modelling study across the Italian regions: Lockdown, testing strategy, colored zones, and skew-normal distributions. How a numerical index of pandemic criticality could be useful in tackling the CoViD-19. (Preprint)
Authors: De Leo Stefano , Araujo Manoel
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

As Europe is facing the second wave of the CoViD-19 pandemic, each country should carefully review how it dealt with the first wave of outbreak. Lessons from the first experience should be useful to avoid indiscriminate closures and, above all, to determine universal (understandable) parameters to guide the introduction of containment measures to reduce the spreading of the virus.

OBJECTIVE

The use of few (effective) parameters is indeed of extreme importance to create a link between authorities and population, allowing the latter to understand the reason for some restrictions and, consequently, to allow an active participation in the fight against the pandemic.

METHODS

Testing strategies, fitting skew parameters (as mean, mode, standard deviation, and skewness), mortality rates, and weekly CoViD-19 spreading data, as more people are getting infected, were used to compare the first wave of the outbreak in the Italian regions and to determine which parameters have to be checked before introducing restrictive containment measures.

RESULTS

We propose few \textit{universal} parameters that, once appropriately weighed, could be useful to correctly differentiate the pandemic situation in the national territory and to rapidly assign the properly pandemic risk to each region.

CONCLUSIONS

The numerical index of pandemic criticality introduced in this paper could be useful in tackling the CoViD-19.
Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Health Information Technology Usability Evaluation Scale: Psychometric Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Jisan , Schnall Rebecca
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Rigorous development of mobile technologies requires the use of validated instruments to evaluate the usability of these tools, which has become more relevant with the expansion of these technologies. Although various usability evaluation tools have been developed, there are relatively few simple evaluation instruments that have been validated across diseases and languages in mobile health (mHealth) information technology for use in multiple diseases.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to validate the Korean version of the Health Information Technology Usability Evaluation Scale (Korean Health-ITUES) and assess its applicability for different health conditions.

METHODS

To develop the Korean Health-ITUES, we used a validation process involving the following 3 steps: (1) customization of the Health-ITUES for menstrual symptoms, (2) translation of the Health-ITUES from English into Korean, and (3) examination of the reliability and validity of the instrument. The translation process adhered to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for translation and back-translation, expert review, and reconciliation.

RESULTS

The Korean Health-ITUES showed reliable internal consistency with Cronbach α=.951; meanwhile, factor loadings of the 20 items in the 4 subscales ranged from 0.416 to 0.892.

CONCLUSIONS

The Health-ITUES demonstrated reliability and validity for its use in assessing mHealth apps’ usability in young Korean women with menstrual discomfort. Given the strong psychometric properties of this tool in Korean and English and across 2 different health conditions, the Health-ITUES is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the usability of mHealth apps. The Health-ITUES is also a valid instrument for evaluating mHealth technologies, which are widely used by patients to self-manage their health and by providers to improve health care delivery.
O Parque Augusta e a multiplicação do potencial construtivo: a TDC para a implantação de Parques Municipais no PDE-SP de 2014
Authors: Souza Amanda Paulista de , Peretto Flávia Taliberti , Seo He Nem Kim
Published: March 2021

A Transferência do Direito de Construir (TDC) é um instrumento urbanístico que permite a transferência ou a alienação do potencial construtivo de um imóvel munido de interesse público. No município de São Paulo, a modalidade de TDC para a implantação de Parques Municipais tem chamado atenção, especialmente após sua utilização no acordo a respeito do Parque Augusta firmado entre prefeitura, Ministério Público, sociedade civil e as construtoras Cyrela e Setin. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as transferências realizadas como resultado das Declarações de Potencial Construtivo Passível de Transferência emitidas para os terrenos do Parque Augusta. Para isso, com base nos dados coletados até julho de 2020, o estudo realizou simulações de TDC para os parques da cidade de São Paulo a fim de evidenciar a multiplicação exacerbada de potencial construtivo decorrente da modalidade, bem como para apontar os possíveis efeitos dessa multiplicação e indicar as disposições legais que geraram tal distorção, exclusiva da modalidade de TDC para Parques Municipais.
Quantum control with a multi-dimensional Gaussian quantum invariant
Authors: Simsek Selwyn , Mintert Florian
Published: March 2021

The framework of quantum invariants is an elegant generalization of adiabatic quantum control to control fields that do not need to change slowly. Due to the unavailability of invariants for systems with more than one spatial dimension, the benefits of this framework have not yet been exploited in multi-dimensional systems. We construct a multi-dimensional Gaussian quantum invariant that permits the design of time-dependent potentials that let the ground state of an initial potential evolve towards the ground state of a final potential. The scope of this framework is demonstrated with the task of shuttling an ion around a corner which is a paradigmatic control problem in achieving scalability of trapped ion quantum information technology.
POLÍTICA DE VALORIZAÇÃO DO SALÁRIO MÍNIMO E SUA RELAÇÃO COM O DESEMPREGO
Authors: Curi Rafael Luis Comini , Ribeiro Matheus Pereira , Rodrigues Cristiana Tristão
Published: March 2021

Este estudo busca identificar o vínculo existente entre um aumento do saláriomínimo e a probabilidade de o indivíduo transitar de uma situação de empregado paraa condição de desempregado, bem como pretende fornecer subsídio à formulação depolíticas públicas. O período escolhido é de 2011 a 2015, após a nova lei de metodologia de reajuste do salário mínimo, e a análise de impacto realiza-se ano a ano, a partirde dados da Pesquisa Mensal do Emprego (PME). Para tanto, utilizam-se os métodosde propensity score matching e de diferença em diferenças. O grupo de tratamentoé formado por indivíduos que recebem entre o antigo e o novo salário mínimo. Osindivíduos que recebem entre 1,5 e 2,5 vezes o novo salário mínimo, por sua vez, pertencem ao grupo de controle. Observa-se que, nas transições de 2011 para 2012 e de2012 para 2013, o aumento do salário mínimo pode ter contribuído para o aumento daprobabilidade de um indivíduo estar desempregado. Tal fato não é observado para osdemais períodos analisados.
ESTIMAÇÃO DE CLUBES MUNICIPAIS DE CONVERGÊNCIA NO BRASIL NO PERÍODO DE 2000 A 2010
Authors: Lima Sergiany Da Silva , Ruiz Ana Urraca
Published: March 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa é estimar os clubes de convergência municipaisdo Brasil com base no modelo de crescimento neoclássico ampliado. A evidênciaempírica acerca da existência de equilíbrios múltiplos (clubes de convergência) sugereque há fortes diferenças de produtividade entre as funções de produção agregadasdos municípios. Para testar essa hipótese, são usados os métodos de misturas finitas(MMF) e equação threshold, dada a baixa consistência dos estimadores de convergência em um único equilíbrio (DURLAUF; JOHNSON, 1995). O MMF estima os clubesde convergência pela distribuição de probabilidade dos determinantes de crescimento econômico. O threshold identifica as diferenças de produtividade da funçãode produção agregada. Os resultados encontrados são consistentes com a teoria, poisconstatam múltiplos equilíbrios em clubes de convergência municipais, assim como apersistência da desigualdade de renda no tempo. O MMF identifica os determinantesdo crescimento econômico municipal por clube, explicitando as elasticidades da dotação de fatores e da difusão tecnológica por nível de desenvolvimento econômico.Os clubes threshold sugerem que o diferencial de produtividade se explica pelos diferenciais na eficiência do uso do capital e na absorção tecnológica. Os maiores efeitos esignificâncias dos parâmetros estimados ocorrem nos clubes mais avançados.
UMA COMPARAÇÃO DO PODER PREDITIVO DE DIFERENTES VARIÁVEIS PARA PERÍODOS DE RECESSÃO DA ECONOMIA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Cavalcante Vitor Fernandes , Vieira Heleno Piazentini
Published: March 2021

Este trabalho busca comparar o poder preditivo de diferentes variáveis nasrecessões datadas para a economia brasileira no período de 1997 a 2017. O modeloeconométrico utilizado é um probit simples que fornece a probabilidade de a economia brasileira entrar em recessão de um a oito trimestres à frente. Com isso, é possívelconstruir o pseudo R2, o qual permite comparar a performance de diferentes variáveispara cada horizonte de previsão. Dentre os resultados encontrados, destacam-se, paraprevisões de curto prazo, a utilização de variáveis que captam a situação fiscal do país,o índice de preços internacional das commodities e variáveis financeiras, como o retorno do índice Ibovespa e o risco-país. Entretanto, o trabalho identifica um gap naliteratura referente a variáveis que possam prever recessões para horizontes de tempomais distantes.
IS IT POSSIBLE TO DEVELOP SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL SKILLS OF ADOLESCENTS? EVIDENCE FROM BRAZILIAN PROGRAM
Authors: Oliveira Felipe Resende , Pazello Elaine Toldo , Menezes Tatiane Almeida de
Published: March 2021

There are scarce but relevant researches stating the importance of educatingsocioemotional competencies to the youth as it impacts individual’s success in life, andwhat is even more scarce is the analysis of the results and impact of programs that worktowards that educational goal, either implemented though public policies and Government funded projects. This paper seeks to evaluate the impact of the Academia EducarProject in 2016, focusing on its’ development of socioemotional skills on students usingthe methods of propensity score matching and differences in differences. Positive andsignificant effects were found on sociability (12% of initial value), assertiveness (16% ofinitial value) and political participation (double the initial percentage of treaties interested in participating in the country’s policy). The results for locus control and imaginative variables were significant and in the direction expected only in part of the specifications; for volatility, the results do not suggest impact. Several robustness analyzes wereperformed to validate the results found.
FRAGILIDADE FINANCEIRA DAS EMPRESAS NÃO FINANCEIRAS DE CAPITAL ABERTO NO BRASIL ENTRE 2010 E 2016: UMA ANÁLISE SETORIAL A PARTIR DE MINSKY
Authors: Rolim Lilian Nogueira , Cattan Rafael , Antonioli Jorge
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo examina a fragilidade financeira das empresas não-financeiras de capital aberto no Brasil entre 2010 e 2016 a partir da tipologia proposta por Minsky (1992). Com base na metodologia proposta por Bacic (1990), foi analisado o perfil de dezenove dos vinte setores econômicos do sistema Economatica. Foi possível constatar que, para o período observado, marcado pela queda dos preços das commodities, desaceleração da economia internacional e da economia brasileira e deterioração das fontes de financiamento, houve uma redução das firmas em posição hedge e, como contrapartida, houve um aumento de empresas especulativas e ponzi. Entretanto, há padrões setoriais específicos que sugerem que alguns setores são mais resilientes do que outros. Assim, existem indícios que permitem afirmar que, durante o período de reversão do ciclo econômico, aumentou-se a fragilidade financeira das empresas não-financeiras de capital aberto no país.
NÍVEL DE INTENSIDADE TECNOLÓGICA E LEI DE THIRLWALL MULTISSETORIAL NO BRASIL (1998-2014)
Authors: Teixeira Felipe Orsolin , Missio Fabrício José
Published: March 2021

O objetivo do artigo é estimar a Lei de Thirwall Multissetorial para o Brasil(1998-2014), considerando-se as heterogeneidades regionais em setores produtivospara cada nível de intensidade tecnológica. Para tanto, utiliza-se o modelo economé-trico de dados em painel, com a metodologia system GMM, para a estimação das elasticidades-renda a partir das exportações e importações estaduais. Os principais resultados validam a hipótese de que o crescimento brasileiro sofreu com a restrição externaadvinda da condição de equilíbrio intertemporal do balanço de pagamentos e que ascategorias de produtos classificadas em alta e média-alta intensidade tecnológica apresentaram maior elasticidade-renda da demanda por exportações.
OBESIDADE, DESNUTRIÇÃO E POBREZA: A INSEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL NA ÓTICA DO ESPAÇO SOCIAL ALIMENTAR
Authors: Braga Cicero Augusto Silveira , Costa Lorena Vieira
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho busca analisar a insegurança alimentar e nutricional (IAN)através de uma abordagem objetiva. Entendendo a multidimensionalidade do tema, o trabalho o mensura considerando três aspectos: ingestão calórica insuficiente, obesidade eproporção da renda gasta com alimentação. Essas medidas são escolhidas a fim de se entender as diferentes dimensões da IAN, aliadas às mudanças de hábito alimentar da população brasileira e aos diferentes impactos no bem-estar domiciliar. Utiliza-se, para tal, os dados da Pesquisa de Orçamento Familiar (2008). Os resultados são estimados a partir de trêsdistintas regressões logísticas. As evidências mostram que as características do ambiente edo domicílio estão especialmente ligadas à IAN quando medida pela vulnerabilidade derenda, evidenciando a provisão de serviços públicos de qualidade, além da estrutura urbana/rural, como fatores que impactam na IAN. Conclui-se que o tema possui um carátermultidimensional e, portanto, aponta-se a necessidade de uma análise a partir de suas particularidades, exigindo esforços para uma metodologia mais complexa.
Reverse logistics of pesticide packages in Arapiraca, Alagoas – Brazil
Authors: Bomfim Sócrates Mesquita , Cavalcante Marcelo
Published: March 2021

Arapiraca is the municipality of Alagoas with the largest number of cases of poisoning by pesticides, not only due to direct contact with the product, but due to inappropriate disposal of packaging. This research aimed to diagnose the reverse logistics of pesticide packaging in Arapiraca/AL at eight pesticide dealers, 31 family farmers, technicians responsible for ADRAAL, ADEAL and State Public Ministry, through interviews, using semi-structured questionnaires. Although the dealers provided information on the management of empty pesticide packages (87.5%), 71.4% of farmers did not return it, burying or burning it most of the time (59.6%). When returned, the presence of waste was the main problem cited by dealers. A total of 2,341 units and 1,482 kg of packages were picked by the itinerant service performed by ADRAAL in 2018. ADEAL has a staff limited to 10 workers and lacks a computerized system to control and monitor the use of pesticides. In the 15 inspections in 2017, irregularities were observed in 91.7% of dealers, with the absence of environmental licensing being the most frequently observed infraction. The results show deficiencies regarding the fulfillment of responsibilities by the actors involved in the reverse logistics process: the dealers, the farmers and the government.
High Burden of Acquired Morbidity in Survivors of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Loh Sin Wee , Gan Ming Ying , Wong Judith Ju-Ming , Ong Chengsi , Mok Yee Hui , Lee Jan Hau
Published: March 2021

Introduction: With improving mortality rates in pediatric acute
respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS), functional outcomes in survivors
are increasingly important. We aim to describe the change in functional
status score (FSS) from baseline to discharge and to identify risk
factors associated with poor functional outcomes. Methods: We examined
clinical records of patients with PARDS admitted to our pediatric
intensive care unit (PICU) from 2009 to 2016. Our primary outcome was
acquired morbidity at PICU and hospital discharge (defined by an
increase in FSS ≥3 points above baseline). We included severity of
illness scores and severity of PARDS in our bivariate analysis for risk
factors for acquired morbidity. Results: There were 181 patients with
PARDS, of which 90 (49.7%) survived. Median pediatric index of
mortality 2 score was 4.05 (1.22, 8.70) and 21 (26.6%) patients had
severe PARDS. 59 (65.6%) and 14 (15.6%) patients had acquired
morbidity at PICU and hospital discharge, respectively. Median baseline
FSS was 6.00 (6.00, 6.25), which increased to 11.00 (8.75, 12.00) at
PICU discharge before decreasing to 7.50 (6.00, 9.25) at hospital
discharge. All patients had significantly higher median FSS score at
both PICU and hospital discharge compared to baseline. Feeding and
respiratory were the most affected domains. After adjusting for severity
of illness, severity categories of PARDS was not a risk factor for
acquired morbidity. Conclusion: Acquired morbidity in respiratory and
feeding domains was common in PARDS survivors. Specific attention should
be given to these two domains of functional outcomes in these children.
The effect of postoperative early mobilization on healing process and quality of life following radical cystectomy and ileal conduit: A randomized prospective controlled trial
Authors: Peker Sevgi , Çakmak Özgür , Muezzinoglu Talha , Aslan Guven , Baydur Hakan
Published: March 2021

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of postoperative
early mobilization in patients who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) and
ileal conduit in terms of healing process and QOL. Methods: This
multicenter prospective randomized controlled study was conducted with
40 patients who were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention
group was mobilized within the first 16 hours postoperatively in
accordance with the mobilization procedure which determined according to
literature. Data were collected using the case report form, HADS and
SF-36 QoL scale. Results: Postoperative hospitalization, duration of
narcotic analgesic administration, first oral food intake, flatus,
defecation and NG tube termination time were shorter in the intervention
group. In the control group blood glucose and pulse values were higher
after mobilization. SF-36 physical function, physical role difficulty
and general perception of health were higher in intervention group at
the postoperative first and third month (p <0.05). Conclusion:
Our study showed that early mobilization contributed to the healing
process positively and improved the quality of life in the patients who
underwent radical cystectomy (RC) and ileal conduit surgery. Keywords:
Early Mobilization, Radical Cystectomy, Ileal conduit, Quality of Life,
Convalescence
Accelerating optical reporting for conformation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in solutions
Authors: Wang Feng , Vasilyev Vladislav
Published: March 2021

It has been a challenge in automated analysis of medical and chemical
knowledge to extract represent quantitative structure–activity
relationship (QSAR) using intelligent computing in drug discovery. One
of many domain-specific bottlenecks in drug discovery is robust
conformation search in three-dimensional (3D) space for flexible drug
candidates. The process involves researchers and machines working
together to achieve their own strengths for greater outcome. The present
study has been developing a method for conformational sampling
conformers in the class of 4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives for
epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinases inhibitors
(TKIs). We use AG-1478 to demonstrate how the new intelligent computing
method helps to quantum mechanically determine 22 target drug conformer
clusters and their properties from conformational sampling, based on
density functional theory (DFT) method, time-dependent (TD)-DFT in
solvents and clustering analysis (CA). The UV-vis spectra of the
preferred conformers agree well with earlier experimental measurements
in which the conformer dependent UV-Vis spectral shift of AG-1478 can be
as large as approximately 15 nm. We are further developing this method
to study and design new 4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives of EGFR TKIs.
THE PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS OF UTILITARIANISM IN THE CONTEXT OF CRISIS AND ETHICS IN THE WORLD
Authors: Bachniak Katarzyna , Podlecki Franciszek
Published: March 2021

The concept of the following paper is to show the essence and message of philosophical aspects of utilitarianism in the context of crisis and ethics in the world. The main concept is to pay attention to the influence of the ethics of utilitarianism on the human beings’ behaviour and activities within not only political, but also social life. The major issue connected with the above mentioned topic is whether the ethics is the key to solve and to overcome the crisis which has been present everywhere since time immemorial. The basic questions which ought to be taken into a further consideration are as follows: what is crisis? what is utilitarianism and ethics? how do they react with each other? The article is divided into a few parts: the first one refers to the aims of people’s actions in the context of ethics of utilitarianism which in fact was described by Mill as the greatest happiness principle. What should be emphasized is the meaning of ethical values which show the opportunity to change the world order. It strongly pays attention to the utilitarianism as a philosophy not only in economical aspects, but also the social ones. It is a well- known fact that the process of changes is affected by Good Common Sense which will be shortly discussed in the further part of the article. The second part refers to the axiology, the philosophical study of value in life and the comprehensive world in the point of view of Sir Thomas More and his own philosophy of life influenced by spiritual experience and some reflection on the economic situation. It is significant to mention about the times of new insight at Renaissance as the concept of a new man and new approach, and finally ethics.
A CONCEPÇÃO DE EDUCAÇÃO E ESCOLA DE WILLIAM KILPATRICK E RUDOLF STEINER E SUAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A EDUCAÇÃO CONTEMPORÂNEA
Authors: Rodrigues de Paula Helena Maria , Carlos Moreira Evando
Published: March 2021

Os processos de educação escolar no Brasil e no mundo têm sido questionados quanto à sua efetiva contribuição para a vida de crianças e jovens, bem como para os adultos que se tornarão. Dessa forma, o presente ensaio tem como objetivo refletir sobre os pressupostos teóricos de William Kilpatrick, na obra “Educação para uma civilização em mudança” (1978), e de Rudolf Steiner, nas obras “A prática pedagógica” (2000) e “Fundamentos da Arte de Educar” (2015), quanto à organização do ensino, ao papel do professor e à avaliação da aprendizagem, tendo como elemento central uma educação para aprender a desenvolver um pensamento livre e democrático. Pressupomos que tais concepções teóricas podem contribuir para a melhoria da educação e para a formação contemporânea a partir de experiências vivas e significativas para crianças e jovens. Sugere-se ainda que o trato pedagógico e a sua postura diante do que vem a ser o conhecimento seja transformado para que a sociedade também se transforme, todavia, para isso, o trabalho em sala de aula precisa ser vivo, criando condições para a construção do pensamento livre de ideologias e de massificação.
LARVICIDAL AND ANTIFEEDANT ACTIVITIES OF CLOVE LEAF OIL AGAINST Spodoptera litura (F.) ON SOYBEAN
Authors: Fateha Rizka Nur , Grasela Maria , Ichwan Muhammad Nur , Purwanti Eny Wahyuning , Kurniasari Irianti
Published: March 2021

Economic losses due to infestation by the soybean armyworm, Spodoptera litura can reach up to 100%. Some farmers often used insecticide to control the armyworm. However, regular use of insecticide can cause several negative effects such as environmental pollution, residual toxicity, and health hazard for human. The objective of this research was to determine the larvicidal, antifeedant, and activities of clove leaf oil (CLO) against the armyworm S. litura on soybean. The research was carried out at the plant pest control laboratory of Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Malang. Clove leaf oil was evaluated for its larvicidal and antifeedant activities against ten third instar larvae of the armyworm. Completely randomized design was used with concentration levels of CLO as treatments. i.e. 0.4, 0.5, 0.67, 1.0, and 2.0% by volume. Profenofos 500 g L 0.1% and distilled water were include as control. Each treatment consisted of five replications. Mortality of the larvae and antifeedant activity were analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by probit analysis for calculating LC 50 and LT 50 -1. The results showed that CLO at 2.0% concentration was the most effective with regard to larvicidal and antifeedant activities. The LC 50 of CLO was 0.09% with LT 24.6 hours. This study revealed that the environmentally friendly CLO can be used as an alternative to synthetic insecticide for control S. litura.
Brexit and Beyond: Nation and Identity
Authors: Keller Daniela , Habermann Ina
Published: March 2021

This volume explores the cultural significance of Brexit, situating it in debates about nation and identity. Contributors to this collection seek to contextualise Britain’s decision to leave the EU and to assess its reverberations in language, literature and culture. Addressing such aspects as British exceptionalism, myth making, medievalism and nostalgia, contributions range from travelogues, ladybird books and rural cinema going to ageing. An important focus lies on marginalised groups and geographical fringes as contributors attend to the Irish situation and the “dearth of literary representation of EU migrants” (Berberich). Finally, two essays widen the perspective to assess American parallels to the discourses about a Brexit that is still far from “done.”
Hashtag as modern text format in linguistics
Authors: Burikova Svetlana A. , Ovchinnikova Ekaterina
Published: March 2021

Nowadays modern Internet technologies play an important role in our life. The present article deals with the peculiarities of hashtags as new text format used in social network. The article presents characteristic features of hashtag text, classification of hashtag functions, types of hashtags according to their construction and the position of hashtags in the post. Different types of hashtags were subjected to the analysis. Continuous sampling method, descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis allowed the authors to come to the conclusion about hashtags as linguistic tools. As a result, five hashtag functions and six hashtag types were identified. These findings would help to understand modern online discourse and to prove the idea that hashtags are considered as meaningful elements of social network communication.
Investigation of Dynamic Range of Silicon Photoelectronic Multiplyers
Authors:   Belarusian State Academy of Communications, Minsk, Belarus, Zenevich A.O. , Kochergina O.V. ,   Belarusian State Academy of Communications, Minsk, Belarus
Published: March 2021

For detecting the low-intensity optical radiation the silicon photoelectronic multiplyers are used more often. However, not all characteristics of these photoelectronic multiplyers have been thoroughly studied. So, there is no information about the influence of supply voltage on the value of the dynamic range. In the work as the study objects, the test specimens Si-PEM with a p+–p–n+ structure, produced by JSC Integral (Republik of Belarus), have been used, as well as the serially produced silicon photomultiplyers Ketek PM 3325 and ON Semi FC 30035. It has been found that an increase in the supply voltage leads to the critical decrease. It has been discovered that an increase an in the supply voltage leads to a decreased value of the threshold intensity. It has been proved that the dependence of the dynamic range on the supply voltage has a maximum. To ensure the maximum dynamic range of registration in the photo-detector devices based on the Si-photomultiplier tubes, it is necessary to select the photo-detector supply voltage, corresponding to this maximum. The results obtained in this article can be applied in the development and design of the devices for recording the optical radiation based on silicon photomultiplier tubes.
Spin Valves in Microelectronics. Review
Authors:   Institute for Design Problems in Microelectronics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Iusipova Iu.A. , Popov A.I. ,   National Research University of Electronic Technology, Moscow, Russia
Published: March 2021

The base element of micromagnetic devices are the layered spin-valve structures. Small sizes, compatibility with the CMOS technology, scaling ability and various work conditions make the spin-valve structures a universal component of modern microelectronics. The purpose of present work is the analysis, systematization and generalization of the data of the work theoretical bases, experimental data and the application of spin valves. In the review, the hard disc drives, random-access magnetoresistive memory, the spin-transfer nano-oscillators, the magnetic biosensors, as well as various computing systems, operating on the principles of stochastic and deterministic logic, have been considered. The key theoretical works devoted to giant magnetoresistance and spin transfer have been used. The data on various types of the hard-disc readheads have been systematized, their architecture and parameters have been compared, and it has been shown how modern scientific research of nanomagnetic phenomena accelerates the growth rate of the recording density. The analysis of modern research devoted to magnetoresistive random access memory has been carried out. The problems of energy efficiency and increasing the degree of the integration for these devices have been discussed. The latest achievements in the field of materials, geometry and the properties of the spin-transfer nano-oscillators, as well as the problems and prospects for the development of this technology have been considered. The analysis of theoretical and experimental works, in which the spin-gate structures have been used to perform the logical operations of Boolean and non-Boolean logic, has been carried out. It has been shown how the probabilistic nature of the unstable switching of spin gates is used in the op-eration of the unconventional computing systems, namely, neuromorphic or Bayesian networks. The principles of operation of the spin valves as magnetic biosensors have been considered and the advantages of their application have been discussed.