bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BIOMASSA E NUTRIENTES DE EUCALIPTO CULTIVADO EM SISTEMA AGROSSILVIPASTORIL
Authors: Wink Charlote , Lange Anderson , Araújo Kamile Zompero , Silveira Ana Paula , Behling Maurel , Wruck Flávio Jesus
Published: December 2018

O objetivo foi quantificar a biomassa e o estoque de nutrientes do híbrido Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden x E. urophylla S. T. Blake (clone H13) aos 60 meses em sistema agrossilvipastoril. O estudo da biomassa residual (folhas e galhos finos), galhos grossos, madeira e casca e do estoque de nutrientes de eucalipto foi realizado na unidade de referência tecnológica de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta em Nova Canaã do Norte, MT, cultivado em arranjo simples (2x20 m), duplo (3x2x20 m), triplo (3x2x20 m) e em monocultivo (4x3 m). Apenas a biomassa de galhos grossos, madeira e casca apresentaram diferenças significativas entre arranjos. Os nutrientes se acumularam em maior quantidade na madeira, e em ordem decrescente na casca, biomassa residual e nos galhos grossos. A biomassa residual, galhos grossos e casca correspondem a fração expressiva de nutrientes que permanece no sistema, e que contribuem para menor reposição na manutenção desses, após a colheita. O arranjo triplo apresentou maior acúmulo nutricional comparado ao arranjo simples e duplo. A eficiência nutricional é maior no arranjo de linha tripla devido a maior competição intraespecífica. O teor de nutrientes nas diferentes posições ao longo do fuste não apresentou variações nutricionais significativas para a madeira, diferentemente para a casca.Palavras-chave: sistema iLPF, nutrição florestal, compartimentos. BIOMASS AND NUTRIENTS OF EUCALYPTUS CULTIVATED IN AGROSSILVIPASTORAL SYSTEM ABSTRACT:The objective was to quantify the biomass and nutrient stock of the hybrid Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden x E. urophylla S. T. Blake, (clone H13) at 60 months in the agrosilvipastoril system. The study of the residual biomass (leaves and thin branches), thick branches, wood and bark and of the nutrient stock of eucalyptus was carried out in the technological unit of crop-livestock-forest integration in Nova Canaã do Norte, MT, cultivated in a simple arrangement (2x20 m), double (3x2x20 m), triple (3x2x20 m) and monoculture (4x3 m). Only the biomass of thick branches, wood and bark presented significant differences between arrangements. The nutrients accumulate in greater quantity in the wood, and in descending order in the bark, residual biomass and in the thick branches. Residual biomass, thick branches and bark correspond to the expressive fraction of nutrients that remain in the system, and which contribute to a lower replacement in the maintenance of these, after harvesting. The triple arrangement presented greater nutritional accumulation compared to the single and double arrangement. The nutritional efficiency is higher in the triple line arrangement due to greater intraspecific competition. The nutrient content in the different positions along the stem did not present significant nutritional variations for the wood, differently for the bark.Keywords: CLF integration system, forest nutrition, compartments.
INFLUÊNCIA HIPSOMÉTRICA NA FRAGMENTAÇÃO EM REGIÕES SEMIÁRIDAS
Authors: Cunha Jéssica Stefane Alves , Feliciano Ana Lícia Patriota , Silva Emanuel Araújo , Marangon Luiz Carlos , Estigarribia Fabiana
Published: December 2018

A degradação da floresta nativa, em regiões secas, encontra-se em expansão devido a exploração da madeira e à conversão da vegetação em distintos usos. Assim, objetivou-se analisar a fragmentação da paisagem em áreas semiáridas e a influência do gradiente altitudinal nesse processo. Para tanto, as imagens RapidEye adquiridas no ano de 2014 foram segmentadas, identificadas e classificadas em Floresta e Outros usos, bem como confeccionados mapas categóricos para utilizar no software Fragstats e gerar dados para análise das métricas da paisagem. Os resultados dos parâmetros determinaram que as regiões secas possuem uma alta quantidade de fragmentos menores que cinco ha demonstrando um alto retalhamento. O ambiente Baixada é o mais prejudicado, diante da maior quantidade de fragmentos menores e da distância entre os mesmos, isso é devido a cobertura florestal desse ambiente está sob pressão sendo mais vulnerável à fragmentação, em virtude do cultivo agrícola e pastagem. De forma oposta se encontra o ambiente Chapada, no qual a classe Floresta comporta-se como a matriz da paisagem. Portanto, a altitude influencia o processo de fragmentação da vegetação nativa de regiões semiáridas, uma vez que ao aumentar a altitude também aumenta a conectividade entre os fragmentos.Palavras-chave: Análise da paisagem, métricas, Brasil, gradiente, fragstats. HYPSOMETRIC INFLUENCE IN FRAGMENTATION IN SEMI-ARID REGIONS ABSTRACT:The degradation of native forest, in dry regions, is expanding due to the exploitation of wood and the conversion of vegetation to different uses. Thus, the objective was to analyze the fragmentation of the landscape in semi-arid areas and the influence of the altitudinal gradient in this process. To do so, the RapidEye images acquired in the year of 2014 were segmented, identified and classified in Forest and Other uses, and also categorical maps were made to be used in the Fragstats software and generate data for analysis of the landscape metrics. The results of the parameters determined that the dry regions have a high amount of fragments smaller than five, demonstrating a high shredding. The Lowland environment is the most affected, due to the greater amount of smaller fragments and the distance between them, this is due to the forest cover of this environment is under pressure being more vulnerable to fragmentation, due to the agricultural cultivation and pasture. On the opposite side is the Plateau environment, in which the Forest class behaves as the matrix of the landscape. Therefore, altitude influences the fragmentation process of native vegetation of semiarid regions, since increasing the altitude also increases the connectivity between the fragments.Keywords: Landscape analysis, metrics, Brazil, gradient, fragstats.
MODELOS DE AFILAMENTO E FORMA DOS FUSTES DE EUCALIPTO, EM DIFERENTES QUALIDADES DE SÍTIO
Authors: Téo Saulo Jorge , Miguel Eder Pereira , Nascimento Rodrigo Geroni Mendes
Published: December 2018

Este trabalho teve como objetivo ajustar e selecionar modelos de afilamento para estimar diâmetros, volume por seção e volume acumulado com casca, ao longo do tronco de árvores de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex. Maiden, em Rio Verde – GO, para estudar a forma dos fustes das árvores em diferentes classes de sítio. Foram cubadas rigorosamente pelo método de Smalian, 812 árvores em um povoamento florestal cuja densidade inicial foi de 1.111 árvores por hectare, com idade de 80 meses. Os modelos de afilamento testados foram os Polinômios de 2º e de 5º Graus e o Polinômio de Potências Fracionárias e Inteiras de Hradetzky. A função de afilamento mais acurada para estimar os diâmetros e volumes por seção, ao longo do fuste das árvores foi o Polinômio de Hradetzky, para todas as classes de sítio testadas. No entanto, para estimar os volumes acumulados, a função de afilamento de melhor desempenho foi o Polinômio de 5º Grau para as classes de sítio II e III, e o Polinômio de Hradetzky, para a classe de sítio I. Os fustes das árvores de Eucalyptus grandis apresentam melhor forma nos sítios de melhor qualidade, enquanto na pior classe de sítio, apresentam maior conicidade.Palavras-chave: modelos polinomiais, perfil do fuste, Eucalyptus grandis. TAPER MODELS AND STEM FORM OF EUCALYPTUS, IN DIFFERENT SITE QUALITIES ABSTRACT:The objective of this paper was fitting and selecting taper models to estimate diameters, volume section and accumulated volume outside bark, throughout stem of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex. Maiden trees, in Rio Verde – GO, Brazil, as well as, study the stem form of the trees at different site classes. Altogether, it was measured by Smalian volume calculation procedure, 812 trees of a forest stand with initial density of 1,111 trees per hectare and age of 80 months. The taper models tested was the 2º and 5º Degree Polynomial and the Hradetzky Polynomial of Fractioned and Entire Potencies. The most accurate taper function for estimating diameters and volume section outside bark, throughout stem was Hradetzky Polynomial function, for all site classes tested. However, to estimate accumulated volume outside bark, the best performance was the 5º Degree Polynomial taper function for II and III site classes, and the Hradetzky Polynomial, for the site class I. The stems of the Eucalyptus grandis trees present better form in the sites with better quality, whereas in the poorest site class the stems are more conical.Keywords: polynomial models, stem profile, Eucalyptus grandis.
LANDSCAPE DISTRIBUTION OF THE WILLOW TIT (PARUSMONTANUS, CONRADVONBALDENSTEIN, 1827) IN SOUTH BAIKAL IN NEST PERIOD
Authors: Glyizina A.Yu. , Safonov F.S. , Salovarov V.O.
Published: December 2018

This article focuses on the location of brown-headedtit (Parus montanus CONRAD VON BALDENSTEIN, 1827) on the territory southern Baikal region. The article presents literature data on the intra-landscape placement of chubby tit and gives a complete description of areas suitable for the habitat of these birds.
PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK INFORMASI MASYARAKAT SEBAGAI SALURAN BERBAGI INFORMASI PENANGKAPAN TELUR IKAN TERBANG DI KABUPATEN MAJENE DAN POLMAN
Authors: Makkarana Abdillah , Cangara Hafied , Ali Syamsu Alam
Published: December 2018

ABSTRAK Keterbatasan akses dan kemampuan masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan informasi dan kesenjangan informasi dikalangan masyarakat pedesaan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Peranan Kelompok Informasi Masyarakat (KIM), (2) bentuk informasi yang mereka bagi diantara para nelayan penangkap telur ikan terbang serta (3) startegi pemerintah dalam memberdayakan Kelompok Infomasi Masyarakat di Kelurahan Mosso Kabupaten Majene dan Desa Pambusuang Kabupaten Polman.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang dilakukan pada KIM di Kelurahan Mosso Kabupaten Majene dan desa Pambusuang Kabupaten Polewali Mandar, Provinsi Sulawesi Barat. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari hasil observasi dan wawancara mendalam oleh informan atau narasumber.Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Peran Kelompok Informasi Masyarkat (KIM) hingga saat ini belum berjalan dengan baik dan dari Kelompok Informasi Masyarakat memiliki peran yang dapat dikelompokan kedalam lima kegiatan, yaitu: sebagai fasilitator bagi masyarakat, sebagai mitra pemerintah daerah, sebagai penyerap dan penyalur aspirasi masyarakat, dan sebagai terminal informasi bagi masyarakat.Walaupun peran menjadi mitra pemerintah dalam menyebarluaskan informasi belum berjalan dengan baik, masih berbentuk penerapan dalam menyebarkan informasi melalui tatap muka untuk saat ini, hal ini yang perlu dibenahi dan mesti diperbaiki dari segi sistem komunikasi antara pemerintah desa/kelurahan terhadap kelompok informasi masyarakat (KIM), dan koordinasi terhadap pemerintah daerah dan pemerintah desa.
KONSTRUKSI REALITAS PEMILUKADA DI MEDIA ONLINE (ANALISIS FRAMING BERITA TRIBUN TIMUR ONLINE TENTANG PEMILUKADA KABUPATEN TAKALAR)
Authors: Malik Rohadi , Sultan Muhammad Iqbal , Kahar Kahar
Published: December 2018

ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: untuk menganalisis bingkai berita Pilkada Kabupaten Takalar yang dipublikasi Tribunnews.com. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan paradigma konstruktivistik, dimana data diinterpretasi sesuai teori framing. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pembingkaian berita Pilkada Kabupaten Takalar yang dipublikasikan oleh media online Tribun Timur. Pendekatan metode penelitian ini adalah analisis framing Pan dan Kosicki. Kerangka berita yang dianalisis adalah (a) struktur sintaksis, cara wartawan menyusun fakta. (b) struktur skrip, cara wartawan mengisahkan fakta. (c) struktur tematik, cara wartawan menulis fakta. (d) struktur retoris, cara wartawan menekankan fakta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Tribunnews.com, mengangkat dua tema dominan tentang Pilkada Kabupaten Takalar antara lain opini simpatisan dan kampanye dalam momen Pilkada Kabupaten Takalar. Framing opini simpatisan adalah kategori berita yang paling menonjol, namun Tribunnews.com secara proporsional menyuarakan opini simpatisan baik dari kubu Bur-Nojeng sebagai petahana maupun rivalnya SK-HD. Proses seleksi isu merupakan hal yang diprioritaskan oleh pimpinan redaksi dalam rapat redaksi dan wartawan dapat berinisiatif mengusulkan tema pemberitaan yang sesuai realitasnya di lapangan.
The Vietnam sovereignty on Truong Sa (Spratly islands) and Hoang Sa ( Paracel islands) through analysis of related documents in English
Authors: Nguyen Nha
Published: December 2018

A 500-pages collection of documents in English showing the sovereignty of Vietnam on Hoang Sa (Paracel islands) & Truong Sa (Spratly islands) was introduced at Harvard University on 16/6/2012 after having been sent to the U.S. National Geographic Society and two Senators John McCain and Jim Webb office and the The Center For Strategic & Internatinonal Studies in 2011. This document is being proofread and completed in English in order to bring to overseas libraries especially in the United States at the addresses where the documents used to be distributed by the U.S. Army in the Pacific in 1960s over the sovereignty of Vietnam on disputing territory. It has 11 pages of summary and the full text is nearly 500 pages, including Part I that consists of textual analysis in the sovereignty dispute over the Hoang Sa and Truong Sa by U.S. Army in the Pacific in 1960. The 37 quotations from geography books , Journey of the Western countries from the 19th century and before had clearly stated from 1816 Hoang Sa has belonged to Vietnam. Part II consists of three presentations at the conferences in Hanoi and Philadelphia, USA in 2010. Part III includes the full text of a history dissertation entitled “Establishment of Vietnam’s sovereignty on Hoang Sa and Truong Sa” and the annexes of the thesis updated by the author. There are no other countries like Vietnam where the official history, codified policy books, geography books of Vietnam especial texts of the state, the local commanding sheets, clearly state the establishment of Vietnam’s sovereignty on Hoang Sa and Truong Sa. The most valuable document is the codified policy book of Nguyen dynasty (the nineteenth century reports from high-ranked officers of the Government, and other agencies or the king announcement about the establishment of Vietnam's sovereignty over Hoang Sa archipelago under the Nguyen Dynasty as the current expedition, measuring, sketching Hoang Sa, plug milestone...
Cooperation to settle conflicts in the East Sea - some suggestions from Vietnam’s perspective
Authors: Tran Tien Nam
Published: December 2018

Sovereignty disputes in the East Sea keep the record of time, complexity, distance, number of islands and number of claimants in the history of maritime disputes. The innovative models of bilateral and multilateral cooperation have had a certain effect on reducing tensions, enhancing cooperation and encouraging dialogues among the parties involved. However, these efforts have not been considered effective to settle the issues. Concerning that reality, countries around the East Sea, especially the claimants have continued to find, develop and implement collaborative activities. From such awareness, this paper aims at studying the collaborative models which have been applied in the East Sea. Then, we would continue to study the advantages and disadvantages of these models. Finally, we would like to propose new suitable models to enhance effective cooperation and avoid conflicts and painful consequences that may occur in the East Sea. All models are built up from the perspective of Vietnam, basing on the fundamental interests of Vietnam, along with the investigation and reconciliation of the claimants’ interests in the region.
Islands and archipelagos of Vietnam in the East sea in the process of economic - social development and national security defense
Authors: Le Thoa Thi Kim , Ngo Long Hoang Dai , Nguyen Thuy Thi Thu
Published: December 2018

Islands and archipelagos of Vietnam in the East Sea play an important role in the process of economic development and national security defense. With over 3,000 sea islands located in waters of Vietnam, they are classified into three groups based on the distance between the mainland and Vietnamese waters. As we have seen, under International Law, ownership of small islands without inhabitants or in unlivable condition is not because of natural resources over these islands but rather a large extent of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) surrounding them. Because of this reason, ownership of these islands is a great concern for many countries around the East Sea in particular and others in the world in general. This article presents an overview of islands and archipelagos of Vietnam in the East Sea, identifies the important role of these sea island groups in terms of geo-economic and geo-political aspects as well as shares some personal suggestions on possible solutions to sustainable cooperation in economic development and national security defense given the context of territorial sovereignty disputes over islands and archipelagos in the East Sea.
Economics, culture and social issues of coastal areas in Southern Vietnam and sustainable development
Authors: Phan Tuyet Thi Yen
Published: December 2018

Economic and socio-cultural issues of 9 coastal provinces and cities in southern Vietnam were investigated within the framework of sustainability which viewed development as not only fulfilling the needs of current generations but future ones also. At the same time, development had to insure synchronized growth in economics – society – environment according to aims and plans of the region in particular and the whole country in general. Moreover, we approached the issues within theoretical framework of cultural ecology, area studies, ecology and anthropology by applying interdisciplinary methods. For secondary data, we accessed reports from related offices in the provinces and cities, and the national and provinces’ Decisions of sea strategies until 2020. We discovered that the issues of economics, society and culture of the region have always been involved environmental protection, resources preservation and preparation for potential huge damages of climate change which are significant contents and challenges of sustainable development. To solve the problems in the relations between human and physical environment in maritime anthropological perspectives is to solve the relationship between maritime environment and human subsistent activities based on which proper strategies toward sustainable development for the communities may be attained. The problems of aquaculture’s sustainable development in the region are definitely environmental ones which should be taken into account in the provinces’ and cities’ proposing and implementing resource management policies in order for the environment to revive and thus ensure a sustainable living habitat for human.
现代农业蔬菜栽培技术探讨
Authors: 张 琳琳
Published: December 2018

近几年来,在农业蔬菜种植中温室蔬菜栽培逐渐成为农业生产中主要采取的种植方式之一,而且朝着规模化方向发展,有些地区建立了区域示范基地,机械化普及水平也得到一定程度的提高。现代化的技术应用以后,农业蔬菜产品显著提高。本文详细讨论了现代农业技术及现代农业蔬菜栽培技术要点,旨在为今后的农业蔬菜栽培工作提供一定的理论依据。
砚山县农作物种子质量管理问题及对策
Authors: 普 碧
Published: December 2018

农作物种子质量管控,是维持农业发展、社会稳定的关键,若存在种子质量问题,则必将引起不可预料的后果。砚山县地处我国云南省东南部,国土面积3822平方公里,总耕地面积160余万亩,全县农作物播种面积200余万亩,对种子需求量极大,而这也使种子质量管理工作尤为重要。对此,笔者以自身经验为参考,探讨砚山县农作物种子质量管理中存在的问题及整改对策,仅供借鉴。
发挥好气象信息在农业现代化进程中的作用探究
Authors: 李 国龙 , 李 东萍 , 邱 世善
Published: December 2018

随着社会经济的快速发展,科学技术也取得了巨大的进步。而信息技术的快速发展则为气象信息化发展提供了良好的技术支持。通过开发与运用气象信息技术,有效地解决了农业发展过程中的灾害性问题,使得农业发展因气象灾害引起的经济损失降到了最低。以下内容对气象信息在现代化进程中的作用,以及发挥好气象信息在现代化进程中作用的必要性进行了分析,并在此基础上提出了发挥好气象信息在现代化进程中作用的有效措施。望能够给相关工作人员带来一定的启示作用。
МАТЕМАТИЧНЕ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ДОЗВУКОВОГО ТУРБУЛЕНТНОГО ОБТІКАННЯ ПРОФІЛЮ NACA 0015, ЩО КОЛИВАЄТЬСЯ
Authors: РЕДЧИЦЬ Д.О. , МОІСЕЄНКО С.В.
Published: December 2018

Представлено результати розрахунків профілю NACA 0015, що коливається, для трьох режимів течії: слабкий відрив потоку, що відповідає середньому куту атаки 4°; розвинений відрив – 11° (докритичне обтікання профілю); масивний відрив – 15° (закритичне обтікання профілю). Для чисельного моделювання обтікання профілю, що коливається, застосовуються осереднені за Рейнольдсом нестаціонарні рівняння Нав'є-Стокса нестисливої рідини, замкнуті однопараметричною моделлю турбулентної в'язкості. Розроблений неявний скінчено-об'ємний чисельний алгоритм базується на методі штучної стисливості, що модифікований для розрахунку нестаціонарних задач. Аналізуються отримані поля завихренности, миттєві лінії течії, гістерезисні криві нестаціонарних аеродинамічних навантажень профілю для трьох характерних режимів обтікання. Розроблена методика дозволяє відтворювати структуру нестаціонарного відривного обтікання профілю, що коливається. Відмінності в аеродинамічних характеристиках стаціонарного профілю і профілю, що коливається, при одних і тих же кутах атаки добре узгоджуються з експериментальними даними. Порівняння результатів розрахунків обтікання профілю, що коливається з експериментальними даними і відомими розрахунками інших авторів показало перевагу моделі турбулентності SALSA в порівнянні з іншими моделями, що тестувались особливо при наявності масивного відриву потоку.
ДІАГРАМНИЙ ПІДХІД У СТАТИСТИЧНІЙ ТЕОРІЇ ФАЗОВОГО ПЕРЕХОДУ ГАЗ-РІДИНА
Authors: ВІРЧЕНКО Ю.П. , ДАНИЛОВА Л.П.
Published: December 2018

В рамках формалізму рівноважної статистичної механіки пропонується аналітичний алгоритм побудови послідовних наближень для обчислення тиску в моделі решіткового газу як функції від щільності числа частинок і температури. Алгоритм будується на основі відомого в статистичній механіці віріального розвинення тиску за степенями щільності частинок ρ. Отримана на основі застосування такого алгоритму термодинамічна функція описує фазовий перехід газ-рідина так, що у неї є критична точка при зміні температури. При цьому при температурі нижче за критичну, в залежності щільності від тиску, є стрибок. Запропонований алгоритм дозволяє обчислювати за допомогою розкладання за спеціальним малим параметром ν фазові (P, T)− і (ρ, T) − діаграми системи разом з критичною точкою. З фізичної точки зору цей параметр дорівнює відношенню радіуса взаємодії до радіуса кореляцій. Математично, параметр вводиться в модель решіткового газу за допомогою приписування кожній діаграмі Майєра без вершин зчленування ваги, пропорційного підходящого степеня параметра ν. Для побудови розвинення за степенями ν існує потреба в апріорній інформації про значення хімічного потенціалу, при якому відбувається фазовий перехід. Воно дорівнює середній величині взаємодії пробної частинки з усією іншою системою. Цей факт раніше встановлений Лі і Янгом для систем з потенціалами тяжіння. Він є наслідком теореми про розташування нулів статистичної суми за параметром активності z. У даній роботі показано, що це справедливо для будь-якого потенціалу, що підсумовується. Отримана в нульовому наближенні за параметром ν формула для тиску відповідає наближенню самоузгодженого поля. Знайдена формула для тиску в наступному наближенні, яке пропорційне першому степеню ν. На її основі отримуються поправки до критичної температури, величини стрибка щільності і до форм кривих фазових (P, T)− і (ρ, T) − діаграм. При цьому, природно, виявляється заборона на існування фазового переходу в одновимірної системі.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ТРІОДНИХ ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ ГАРМАТ ВИСОКОВОЛЬТНОГО ТЛІЮЧОГО РОЗРЯДУ ІЗ ПЛОСКИМ ДОПОМІЖНИМ ЕЛЕКТРОДОМ
Authors: МЕЛЬНИК І.В. , ПОЧИНОК А.В.
Published: December 2018

У статі описується математична модель тріодних електродних систем високовольтного тліючого розряду із плоским допоміжним електродом. Такі електронні гармати знаходять широке впровадження у промисловості для виконання технологічних операцій зварювання, паяння, відпалювання виробів, нанесення композитних керамічних покриттів та для переплавлення тугоплавких металів з метою їх очищення від шкідливих домішок. Запропонована математична модель базується на визначенні положення плазмової межі через аналітичне розв’язування кубічного рівняння з використанням формул Кордано з урахуванням реальної геометрії електродів. Задача пошуку положення плазмової межі в електродній системі високовольтного тліючого розряду вирішується через розв’язок рівняння балаансу заряджених часток у розрядному проміжку. Спочатку задача визначення положення плазмової межі відносно катода була розв’язана для аксиально-симетричної системи із лінійною геометрією електродів. У статті розглянута структурна схема такої електродної системи та визначені базові параметри сформованої математичної моделі. Після цього, також через аналітичне розв’язування кубічного рівняння з використанням формул Кордано, отримана формула для перерахунку положення плазмової межі з одномірної системи до системи із конусним анодом. У статті також отримані формули для разрахунку енергетичної ефективності тріодної електронної гармати із конусним анодом та пламтинчатим електродом. Наведені та проаналізовані результати розрахунку енергетичної ефективності реальної електронної гармати. Розрахункові результати порівнюються з експериментальними даними. Всі експерименти були проведені в лабораторії електронно-променевих технологічних пристроїв Національного технічного університета України «Київський політехнічний інститут імені Ігоря Сікорського». Отримана точність розрахунків, порівняно із експериментальними даними, складає біля 10 – 15%. Отримані в статті наукові результати є вкрай цікавими та важливими для науковців та інженерів, які займаються розробкою електронно-променевого технологічного обладнання та його впровадженням у сучасне виробництво.
Photo-catalytic degradation of gaseous pollutants in paper mills of southern China
Authors: Tong Xin , Li Jiao , Ma Jun , Chen Xiaoquan , Shen Wenhao
Published: December 2018

Studies were undertaken to evaluate gaseous pollutants in workplace air within pulp and paper mills and to consider the effectiveness of photo-catalytic treatment of this air. Ambient air at 30 sampling sites in five pulp and paper mills of southern China were sampled and analyzed. The results revealed that formaldehyde and various benzene-based molecules were the main gaseous pollutants at these five mills. A photo-catalytic reactor system with titanium dioxide (TiO2) was developed and evaluated for degradation of formaldehyde, benzene and their mixtures. The experimental results demonstrated that both formaldehyde and benzene in their pure forms could be completely photo-catalytic degraded, though the degradation of benzene was much more difficult than that for formaldehyde. Study of the photo-catalytic degradation kinetics revealed that the degradation rate of formaldehyde increased with initial concentration fitting a first-order kinetics reaction. In contrast, the degradation rate of benzene had no relationship with initial concentration and degradation did not conform to first-order kinetics. The photo-catalytic degradation of formaldehyde-benzene mixtures indicated that formaldehyde behaved differently than when treated in its pure form. The degradation time was two times longer and the kinetics did not reflect a first-order reaction. The degradation of benzene was similar in both pure form and when mixed with formaldehyde.
Importance of specimen preparation for edgewise compressive strength (ECT) testing
Authors: Loza Jerry , Cash Doug , Frank Benjamin
Published: December 2018

While more than 50 years of published studies recognize the importance of rectangular, parallel edgewise compressive strength (ECT) specimens, none of the existing test methods address the degree to which a sample specimen is defined as sufficiently parallel. We present a detailed exploration of ECT results for specimens whose edges deviate from parallel with varying severity. We work to identify causes of variation in dimensional measurements and the corresponding ECT values across several industry standard cutters. These variations present a significant challenge to the industry in satisfying customer expectations for performance-based packaging, as well as to the development of improved predictive models for packaging performance.
On the nominal transverse shear strain to characterize the severity of creasing
Authors: Coffin Douglas , Panek Joel
Published: December 2018

A transverse shear strain was utilized to characterize the severity of creasing for a wide range of tooling configurations. An analytic expression of transverse shear strain, which accounts for tooling geometry, correlated well with relative crease strength and springback as determined from 90° fold tests. The experimental results show a minimum strain (elastic limit) that needs to be exceeded for the relative crease strength to be reduced. The theory predicts a maximum achievable transverse shear strain, which is further limited if the tooling clearance is negative. The elastic limit and maximum strain thus describe the range of interest for effective creasing. In this range, cross direction (CD)-creased samples were more sensitive to creasing than machine direction (MD)-creased samples, but the differences were reduced as the shear strain approached the maximum. The presented development provides the foundation for a quantitative engineering approach to creasing and folding operations.
A hundred years of corrosion in the pulp and paper industry
Authors: Moskal Max
Published: December 2018

Through the decades, the pulp and paper industry greatly expanded production capacity to meet increasing demands. Correspondingly, the cost of corrosion damage soared. The most serious corrosion control challenges were researched and met by university and governmental researchers, and by task groups within the TAPPI Engineering Division’s Corrosion and Materials Engineering Committee. Today, thanks to material and process advances, mills encounter less corrosion than in the past. This overview takes a historical look back, covering many decades, at how corrosion problems have been managed in the pulp and paper industry. Yet, corrosion keeps on going, and today mills appear less able to manage corrosion problems for which known solutions are available. This paper also addresses the significant yet underrated task of optimizing corrosion control management in the present and into the future. Discussion is provided on best practices needed to mitigate new and ongoing corrosion problems.
Factors affecting particulate removal efficiency of kraft recovery boiler electrostatic precipitators: a technical review
Authors: Jaroudi Ezzat , Sretenovic Ivan , Evans Greg , Tran Honghi
Published: December 2018

Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) are used in most pulp mills to remove particulate from recovery boilers, power boilers, and lime kilns. As environmental regulations have become increasingly stringent in recent years, maintaining high ESP performance is of vital importance in mill operation. This paper discusses results of a literature review of the ESP technology used in industrial combustion units, including recovery boilers, as well as results of a parametric study using the well-known Deutsch-Anderson equation to correlate recovery boiler operating conditions with ESP collection efficiency. The results show that for particles up to about 0.3 μm, the ESP collection efficiency decreases drastically with increased particle size and with decreased temperature. For particles larger than 0.5 μm, however, the trend reverses; the collection efficiency increases with increased particle size and decreased temperature. The results also suggest that the particle concentration (or loading) in the flue gas has no effect on collection efficiency and that sodium chloride particles are more readily captured than sodium sulfate particles. The latter prediction, however, appears to be in contradiction with mill experience that sodium chloride particles are more difficult to capture.
Factors affecting the free shrinkage of handsheets: apparent density, fines content, water retention value, and grammage
Authors: Mayeli Nader
Published: December 2018

Industrial papermaking is a high-speed process during which a suspension of cellulosic fibers is formed into a continuous web via dewatering followed by drying. Dewatering in the paper machine occurs mechanically in the forming and pressing sections; however, most of the remaining water, whose removal requires applying high temperatures, evaporates in the dryer section. As a result, the paper web shrinks, due to the shrinkage of individual fibers in the paper web. On the paper machine, the paper web is under restraint in the machine direction (MD), whereas it can shrink in the cross-machine direction (CD). The edges of the web shrink more than the center of the web. A shrinkage profile is therefore created in the CD of the web. All machine-made papers exhibit a CD shrinkage profile. The CD shrinkage profile is significant because it affects the final product quality and manufacturing efficiency. The prime cause of the CD shrinkage profile during drying is free shrinkage. The effects of several wood pulp fibers on the free shrinkage of handsheets were investigated to obtain deeper understanding of the mechanism of paper shrinkage during drying processes.
Remendar ou reinventar o mundo, a partir de nós? Paulo Freire nos instiga, nos provoca, nos convoca...
Authors: Calado Alder Júlio Ferreira
Published: December 2018

Há cerca de vinte anos, pouco depois da “grande viagem” de PauloFreire, ousei ensaiar uns versos, em memória e homenagem deste Tecelão da Utopia. O mote das aludidas estrofes (dez estrofes, em versos decassílabos, com rimas abbaaccddc) era o seguinte: “Paulo Freire vaguei no Universo, atiçando as centelhas da Utopia”2. Com efeito, a vida, a obra e o legado freireanos estiveram - e seguem estando - organicamente vinculados à esperança (não no sentido de aguardar passivamente, mas no sentido freireano de “esperançar”) de um mundo novo, alternativo à barbárie capitalista, que agride e avilta, de mil formas, a Mãe-Terra, inclusive os humanos e toda a comunidade dos viventes. Coisifica o ser humano, impede ou bloqueia o processo de humanização3. Não desumaniza ou avilta apenas suas vítimas – a Terra e a imensa maioria da humanidade, mas também desumaniza seus algozes – alertava Freire -, por a todos reduzir a objetos do lucro, de uma ganância necrófila. Toda a Terra geme em dores de parto, vítima das formas mais atrozes de agressão, de exploração, de esgotamento de bens do Planeta,ao protagonizar sucessivas e crescentes ameaças aos filhos e filhas da Mãe- Terra. A humanidade clama por uma sociabilidade alternativa a essa barbárie.
Paulo Freire na formação de especialistas em educação e formação de adultos e intervenção comunitária
Authors: Alcoforado Luís
Published: December 2018

Ao longo das últimas décadas, a educação de Adultos tem vindo a reforçar a sua especificidade, quer enquanto problemática, quer enquanto campo de práticas, assumindo a importância de Paulo Freire como autor central deste processo. As Universidades, um pouco por todo o mundo, têm vindo a integrar-se neste esforço promovendo a construção de conhecimento e formando especialistas. Neste texto apresentamos experiências educativas ligadas ao Mestrado de Educação e Formação de Adultos da Universidade de Coimbra, que têm na obra de Paulo Freire um dos principais pontos de interesse e trabalho. Indicamos as opções teóricas e recenseamos os temas geradores escolhidos pelos/as alunos/as no planejamento e desenvolvimento de Círculos de Cultura.
WORKSHOP E-FAKTUR, E-BILING AND E-FFILING FOR STUDENT GRADUATE STUDENT CENTER SMK ACCOUNTING IN CILEDUG AND SURROUNDING
Authors: Mariani Desy , Suryani Suryani
Published: December 2018

Vocational High School (VHS) is a level of education that prioritizes the development of student's ability to implement certain types of work and preparing students to enter the world of work and develop a professional attitude. One of the majors in VHS is an Accounting with one of the competencies taught is tax. The development of information technology requires all activities to be fast and accurate so the government made innovations in taxation to be electronic and online. The Activities used tax applications such as e-SPT, e-NOFA, e-Invoice, e-Billing and the most recent is eFiling. With this training is expected to provide additional competence for students, especially to students who will enter the world of work, so they can compete in applying in business and industry.
مقارنة بين بعض طرائق تقدير انموذج الانحدار الخطي بوجود الارتباط الذاتي للاخطاء مع التطبيق على بيانات الحنطة في العراق
Authors: احمد احمد ذياب
Published: December 2018

يدرس هذا البحث انموذج الانحدار الخطي بوجود مشكلة الارتباط الذاتي عندما الخطأ العشوائي يتوزع توزيعا طبيعيا اذ يستعمل الانحدار الخطي في دراسة وتحليل العلاقة بين المتغيرات ومن خلال هذه العلاقة يمكن التنبؤ بقيمة احد المتغيرات بوجود قيم المتغيرات الاخرى, وتمت المقارنة بين الطرائق (طريقة المربعات الصغرى, طريقة المعدل غير الموزون, طريقة ثايل وطريقة لابلاس) باستعمال متوسط مربعات الخطأ (MSE) وباسلوب المحاكاة وان الدراسة تضمنت اربعة احجام للعينات (15, 30, 60, 100), واظهرت النتائج ان طريقة المربعات الصغرى هي الافضل, وطبقت الطرائق الاربعة على بيانات انتاج الحنطة والمساحة المزروعة لمحافظات العراق للسنوات (2010), (2011) , (2012), (2013), (2014).
The Impact of Combine Level of Capital Structure and Dividend Policy on Firm Stock Price An apply study of companies listed on Amman Stock Exchange
Authors: مجيد ارشد فؤاد , ابو سمرة وفاء حسين
Published: December 2018

Although a great deal of works has been done on the area of capital structure and dividend policy, there is still insufficient knowledge of how these policies affect stock prices. This shortcoming may have been originated from the separation between both policies when investigating their effect on stock prices. Based on this point, this research adopts a new technique (completely randomized design), to combine the effect of capital structure and dividend policy on stock prices rather than separating between them. The study used panel based regression analysis depending on the sample of 30 service and industrial Jordanian firms for the period of 2001-2010. The result of test hypotheses found the following; 1) dividend payout has a positive effect on firm stock prices. 2) Firm leverage has a negative effect on firm stock prices. 3) Combined level of capital structure and dividend policy has an effect on stock prices. 4) Different levels of combined level of capital structure and dividend policy affect stock prices in a different way
PREDIKSI HARGA KOMODITI JAGUNG MENGGUNAKAN K-NN DAN PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMAZATION SEBAGAI FITUR SELEKSI
Authors: Lasulika Mohamad Efendi
Published: December 2018

Jagung merupakan komponen terpenting pakan pabrikan di dunia, terutama di daerah tropis. Fluktuasi harga produk pertanian akan mengakibatkan ikut berfluktuasinya pendapatan yang diterima oleh petani dari hasil produksi pertanian mereka. Salah satu upaya untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya fluktuasi harga adalah dengan melakukan peramalan harga. Peramalan harga dimaksudkan untuk melakukan prakiraan/prediksi harga masa depan dalam kurun waktu tertentu, dengan hasil keluaran berupa harga masa depan. metode KNN dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi harga komoditi. Hasil eksperiment yang telah dilakukan peneliti menunjukkan bahwa algoritma K-NN berbasis Particle Swarm Optimazation lebih baik dibandingkan dengan algoritma K-NN tanpa fitur seleksi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian nilai RMSE terendah terdapat pada K-Nearest Neighbor berbasis Particle Swarm Optimazation untuk data jagung dengan variabel periode 4 parameter k 7 nilai population 5 Max Of Generation 40 dengan nilai RMSE 0,06
Making ends meet in financial scarcity in old age
Authors: Nøhr Brünner Rikke
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this paper is to explore qualitatively how older people (aged 69–85 years) living in relative poverty experience their daily life and how they make ends meet (N = 16). The empirical analysis shows that despite deprivations, the interviewees are mostly satisfied, and in order to analytically understand this satisfaction I draw on three individual and structural aspects: (1) The Danish welfare state ensures the interviewees’ basic ontological safety. (2) As the interviewees lived in financial scarcity during other phases of their lives, they are familiar with being thrifty, and they have a practical sense of making ends meet. (3) Although none of the interviewees had saved up for their retirement, some had saved up social capital, which enables them to modify or take a break from financial scarcity. Thus, although the interviewees’ financial capabilities are similar, their actual daily lives are very different from each other.
PREDICTION OF SHEAR CAPACITY OF UHPC – CONCRETE COMPOSITE STRUCTURAL MEMBERS BASED ON EXISTING CODES
Authors: Yin Hor , Shirai Kazutaka , Teo Wee
Published: December 2018

Reinforced concrete (RC) structural members strengthened with ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC) have shown excellent performance in past experimental investigations. However, methods of predicting their capacity are currently very limited. This paper presents six independent methods of predicting the shear capacity of UHPC–concrete composite members based on the application of existing design codes. Three of these methods are based on the conversion of the volume fraction of steel fibres in the UHPC in an equivalent longitudinal steel ratio. The other three methods involve the computation of the shear strength as a sum of the contributions to the shear strength by the RC member and the UHPC layer, each of which is independently calculated. It was demonstrated that the proposed methods based on existing design codes are able to predict the strength of UHPC–concrete composite members with reasonable accuracy.
METHODOLOGY TO GENERATE NAVIGATION MODELS IN BUILDING
Authors: Lewandowicz Elżbieta , Lisowski Przemysław
Published: December 2018

Indoor route networks models are created for use in navigation. They may be built manually, but it is better to generate them automatically, based on the building floor plans. Research has been conducted in this field in many research centers. The authors undertook to develop their own methodology for generating navigation networks, using topological neighborhood relations and semantic data. The research project focuses on one floor in a building, which consists of rooms and an expanded corridor with an obstacle in the form of an open space between the floors. The first stage of the project consisted in the segmentation of the corridor space to improve its resolution. The objective of the conducted research was to select special points (five suggestions) for the segmentation. As a result, five different segmentations of the corridor space were obtained. The aim of the second stage was to automatically generate five navigation network models. The graphically presented results have been verified against the routes generated between the selected points in the building plan. A comparison of the results with other solutions shows that the routes generated in the presented methodology are more straight-line and less zigzagging.
Hard-to-recover, high quality oils in the Russian Arctic
Authors: Yashchenko Irina , Polishchuk Yury
Published: December 2018

The paper presents an analysis of the physico-chemical properties of hard-to-recover, high quality oils in the Russian sector of the Arctic. In view of the insufficient knowledge of the properties and conditions occurrence of hard-to-recover, high-quality oils in the Russian Arctic, the new results provided in the article on the properties of such oils determine the scientific novelty of the work. The main aim of the study is to study the physico-chemical properties and occurrence conditions of hard-to-recover, high quality oil in the Arctic zone of Russia based on information from the global database on the physico-chemical properties of oils. Based on the quality index and generalised petroleum classification proposed by the authors, a large collection of nearly 3,000 samples of hard-to-recover high-quality oils from the fields of the Russian Arctic was analysed. The features of the physico-chemical properties of hard-to-recover high-quality oils have been studied. It has been shown that hard-to-recover, high quality oil is generally of light or medium density, has medium or high viscosity and, as a rule, is impoverished by petroleum gas, sulphur and heavy metals. It is established that the content of resins and asphaltenes is minimal in the oil of the West Siberian basin and the maximum in the oil of the Leno-Tungusskiy basin. The results of the research are of great practical interest and can be used in developing new and improving existing methods and technologies for oil production, transport and processing of hard-to-recover high-quality oils from the localities of the Russian Arctic.
Assessment of senior medical care majors’ knowledge in antimicrobial chemotherapy
Authors: Bontsevich Roman A. , Kirienko Yulia A. , Bogatova Viktoriya Ye. , Miliutina Elena V. , Kovalenko Vladimir S. , Melnichenko Aleksandra A. , Goncharova Natalia Y. , Batishcheva Galina A. , Agapov Andrey V.
Published: December 2018

Introduction: The resistance of microorganisms to antimicrobials has been gradually increasing since 2011 and is now recognized by the World Health Organization as a global biological threat. Causes of antimicrobial resistance must be actively addressed. Healthcare workers’ awareness of rational antimicrobial prescribing practices is of great importance. The increasing relevance of this issue is considered within this study, which started in 2014.

Materials and methods: The article represents the results of anonymous prospective surveys within the framework of the KANT multi-centered research project aimed at assessing students’ knowledge of rational antimicrobial prescribing practices also known as “antimicrobial stewardship”. The survey involved 309 Medical Care majors in their fifth- and sixth- years in two Russian regional centers: Belgorod and Voronezh. The answers to four main questions of the survey were analyzed in this work.

Results and discussion: According to the survey, 51.5% of the respondents properly identified a pharmacological group of an antimicrobial; 79.3% of the students would change an antibiotic if the desired therapeutic outcome was not achieved within two or three days of treatment; 29.8% of the students believed that an antimicrobial substitution was required even when a positive therapeutic outcome was achieved; and nobody could correctly identify all the proposed pharmacologically irrational combinations of antimicrobials.

Conclusions: The survey showed that senior medical students have insufficient knowledge in antimicrobial stewardship. Appropriate use of antibiotics and antimicrobial prescribing practices need to be considered more thoroughly in Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Medical Care curricula. Likewise, educational activities on antimicrobial stewardship and best prescribing practices are of great importance for students as they will help with improving the knowledge of future doctors.
Assessing the Bleeding Patient: Factors Affecting Hemostasis and Common Coagulation Studies
Authors: Liedl Chad P. , Friedrich Tammy P.
Published: December 2018

This column discusses the factors affecting hemostasis and the common coagulation studies used to assess patients with bleeding disorders.