bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving menopausal symptoms through promoting physical activity: a pilot Web-based intervention study among Asian Americans
Authors: Im Eun-Ok , Kim Sangmi , Ji Xiaopeng , Park Sooyoung , Chee Eunice , Chee Wonshik , Tsai Hsiu-Min
Published: January 2017

Objective:

Based on previous studies, a Web-based physical activity promotion program with educational modules on menopausal symptoms and physical activity has been developed for Asian American midlife women to reduce their menopausal symptoms through increasing their physical activity. The purpose of this pilot randomized intervention study was to determine the efficacy of the Web-based program in improving menopausal symptom experience of Asian American midlife women.

Methods:

This was a randomized repeated measures pretest/posttest (pretest, post 1 month, and post 3 months) control group study among 29 Asian American midlife women. Multiple instruments were used, including the Midlife Women's Symptom Index and the Kaiser Physical Activity Survey. The data were analyzed using a mixed-model growth curve analysis.

Results:

Over time, total severity scores decreased for the control group (−0.53, P < 0.10), whereas they did not exhibit a meaningful change for the intervention group. Both study groups experienced improvement in active living habits over time, but such an improvement was greater for the intervention group (β = 0.29, P < 0.001) than for the control group (β = 0.08, P < 0.10). The time × group interactions for total severity scores were not statistically significant anymore after controlling for physical activity (−0.34 for the control group, P 
= 0.10).

Conclusions:

The findings supported the feasibility of a 3-month Web-based intervention for menopausal symptom management among Asian American midlife women and the preliminary efficacy of the program in increasing their physical activity.
Normal-Tension Glaucoma Masqueraders: Detection Using Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Kuo Debbie S. , Asrani Sanjay
Published: January 2017

Purpose:

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become an important tool in the diagnosis and management of glaucoma; however, there can be overlap in the OCT findings between glaucoma and other diseases. We describe the clinical examination finings and interpretation of OCT imaging that led to the diagnosis of glaucoma masqueraders in a clinical case series.

Materials and Methods:

Four adult patients seen in the glaucoma clinic at the Duke Eye Center were included in a retrospective observational case series. Clinical presentation, history, examination, and testing (visual fields, scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, and spectral-domain OCT imaging) were reviewed.

Results:

We report a case series of 4 patients and their spectral-domain OCT findings with retinal disease or nonglaucomatous optic neuropathy, who presented for evaluation of suspected or previously diagnosed normal-tension glaucoma. The first patient showed marked diffuse retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular thinning on OCT due to cancer-associated retinopathy. The second patient, who demonstrated deep focal inferotemporal RNFL loss with a corresponding arc of macular thinning on OCT, had a previous branch retinal artery occlusion. The third patient’s OCT showed global RNFL and macular thinning from optic nerve hypoplasia. The last patient had bilateral, symmetric superior and temporal RNFL thinning on OCT with corresponding inferior arcuate defects, consistent with superior segmental optic nerve hypoplasia.

Conclusions:

In light of the clinical context and examination, optic nerve and macular OCT can be beneficial in distinguishing between glaucoma and glaucoma mimics.
Permanent Atrial Fibrillation and 2 Year Clinical Outcomes in Patients with a Left Ventricular Assist Device Implant
Authors: Oezpeker Cenk , Zittermann Armin , Pühler Thomas , Ensminger Stephan , Gummert Jan F. , Morshuis Michiel
Published: January 2017

Atrial fibrillation (AF) may increase the risk of thromboembolic (TE) complications in patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). In a single-center study, we investigated 205 patients with sinus rhythm (SR group) and 117 patients with AF (AF group). Our main read outs were 2 year overall survival (primary end point), perioperative right heart failure (RHF), and 2 year freedom from stroke, pump thrombosis, and gastrointestinal bleeding (secondary end points). Oral anticoagulation was performed with phenprocoumon (international normalized ratio target range: 2.3–2.8) and aspirin (100 mg/day). Propensity score (PS) adjustment was used for statistical analysis. Two year survival was 65.4% (n = 134) in the SR group and 51.3% (n = 60) in the AF group. The PS-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 2 year mortality was higher in the AF group than in the SR group (HR = 1.48 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–2.15; p = 0.038]). Right heart failure was a more frequent cause of death in the AF group than in the SR group (p = 0.008). The PS-adjusted odds ratio of perioperative RHF was for the AF group (reference: SR group) 1.32 (95% CI: 0.80–2.18; p = 0.280). The PS-adjusted 2 year HRs of TE and bleeding events were comparable between both groups and were for stroke, pump thrombosis, and gastrointestinal bleeding (reference: SR group) 0.90 (95% CI: 0.53–1.55; p = 0.714), 0.76 (95% CI: 0.14–4.31; p = 0.639), and 1.01 (95% CI: 0.60–1.70; p = 0.978), respectively. Our data indicate that AF increases midterm mortality, but does not influence the risk of stroke, pump thrombosis, and gastrointestinal bleeding. The higher midterm mortality in AF patients is most likely disease-related and should have no influence on LVAD implantation.
In Vitro Examination of the HeartWare CircuLite Ventricular Assist Device in the Fontan Connection
Authors: Tree Michael , Trusty Phillip M. , Slesnick Timothy C. , Yoganathan Ajit , Deshpande Shriprasad , Maher Kevin
Published: January 2017

The failing Fontan physiology may benefit from ventricular assist device (VAD) mechanical circulatory support, although a subpulmonary VAD placed at the Fontan connection has never successfully supported the Fontan circulation long term. The HeartWare CircuLite continuous flow VAD was examined for Fontan circulatory support in an in vitro mock circulation. The VAD was tested in three different scenarios: VAD in parallel, baffle restricted VAD in parallel, and VAD in series. Successful support was defined as simultaneous decrease in inferior vena cava (IVC) pressure of 5 mm Hg or more and an increase in cardiac output (CO) to 4.25 L/min or greater. The VAD in parallel scenario resulted in a CO decrease to 3.46 L/min and 2.22 mm Hg decrease in IVC pressure. The baffle restricted VAD in parallel scenario resulted in a CO increase to 3.9 L/min increase in CO and 20.5 mm Hg decrease in IVC pressure (at 90% restriction). The VAD in series scenario resulted in a CO of 1.75 L/min and 5.9 mm Hg decrease in IVC pressure. We successfully modeled chronic failing Fontan physiology using patient-specific hemodynamic and anatomic data. Although unsuccessful in supporting Fontan patients as defined here, the HeartWare CircuLite VAD demonstrates the possibility to reduce Fontan pressure and increase CO with a VAD in the Fontan connection. This study provides insight into pump performance and design issues when attempting to support Fontan circulation. Refinements in VAD design with specific parameters to help support this patient population is the subject of our future work.
Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Temporary Right Ventricular Assist Device Support for Acute Right Ventricular Failure During Minimally Invasive Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation
Authors: Schaefer Andreas , Reichart Daniel , Bernhardt Alexander M. , Kubik Mathias , Barten Markus J. , Wagner Florian M. , Reichenspurner Hermann , Philipp Sebastian A. , Deuse Tobias
Published: January 2017

Right ventricular failure (RVF) may still occur despite the benefits of minimally invasive left ventricular assist device (MI-LVAD) implantation. Our center strategy aims to avoid aggressive postoperative inotrope use by using mechanical support to facilitate right ventricle recovery and adaptation. We herein report first outcomes of patients with minimally invasive temporary right ventricular assist device (MI-t-RVAD) support for RVF during MI-LVAD implantation. Right ventricular failure was defined as requiring more than moderate inotopic support after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass according to Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support adverse event definitions. All patients requiring MI-t-RVAD support for RVF during MI-LVAD implantation between January, 2012 and April, 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical endpoints were death or unsuccessful RVAD weaning. Overall 10 patients (90% male, mean age 49.6 ± 14.8 years) underwent MI-t-RVAD implantation. Duration of MI-t-RVAD support was 16.2 ± 11.6 days. Right ventricular assist device weaning and subsequent uneventful awake device explantation was successful in all cases. The 30 day survival was 80%. Our results confirm safety and feasibility of MI-t-RVAD support for acute RVF in the setting of MI-LVAD implantation. The potential benefits of this strategy are more stable hemodynamics in the first postoperative days that usually are crucial for LVAD patients and reduced inotrope requirement.
Changes in the Gut Microbiota After Early Administration of Oral Synbiotics to Young Infants in India
Authors: Chandel Dinesh S. , Perez‐Munoz Maria E. , Yu Fang , Boissy Robert , Satpathy Radhanath , Misra Pravas R. , Sharma Nidhi , Chaudhry Rama , Parida Sailajanandan , Peterson Daniel A. , Gewolb Ira H. , Panigrahi Pinaki
Published: January 2017

Objectives:

The authors examined the changes in the developing gut microbiota of Indian infants enrolled in a colonization study of an oral synbiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum and fructo‐oligosaccharides) preparation.

Methods:

Frozen stool samples were available from a previously published clinical study of the synbiotic preparation administered daily for 7 days to full‐term Indian infants delivered by C‐section. 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal bacterial community‐DNA was done in 11 infants sampled on day 7 and day 60 of life.

Results:

All infants showed changes in bacterial diversity with age. While Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were predominant in all, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were initially low on day 7. In control infants, we observed a significant increase (P = 0.012) in the proportions of Actinobacteria on day 60. In the treated group, during the 60‐day period, there was a 10‐fold increase in Bacteroidetes, a somewhat smaller increase in Firmicutes, and a reduction in Proteobacteria. Compared to controls, treated infants were increasingly colonized by different Gram‐positive genera including Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium. Relatively less known taxa and some unassigned sequence reads added to enriched diversity observed in the treated group.

Conclusions:

There was a high level of bacterial diversity among infants examined in the present study. Synbiotic treatment induced an increase in overall taxa and Gram‐positive diversity, especially in the first week of life. Changes in the microbiota during early infancy should be used as a rationale for selecting probiotics in diverse clinical settings.
Relationship Between Some Single-nucleotide Polymorphism and Response to Hydroxyurea Therapy in Iranian Patients With β-Thalassemia Intermedia
Authors: Karimi Mehran , Zarei Tahereh , Haghpanah Sezaneh , Moghadam Mohamad , Ebrahimi Ahmad , Rezaei Narges , Heidari Ghazaleh , Vazin Afsaneh , Khavari Maryam , Miri Hamid R.
Published: January 2017

Objective:

To evaluate the possible relationship between hydroxyurea (HU) response and some single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in patients affected by β-thalassemia intermedia.

Materials and Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, 100 β-thalassemia intermedia patients who were taking HU with a dose of 8 to 15 mg/kg body weight per day for a period of at least 6 months were randomly selected between February 2013 and October 2014 in southern Iran. HU response was defined based on decrease or cessation of the blood transfusion need and evaluation of Hb level.

Results:

In univariate analysis, from all evaluated SNPs, only rs10837814 SNP of olfactory receptors (ORs) OR51B2 showed a significant association with HU response (P=0.038) and from laboratory characteristics, only nucleated red blood cells showed significant associations (116%±183%) in good responders versus (264%±286%) in poor responders (P=0.045). In multiple logistic regression, neither laboratory variables nor different SNPs, showed significant association with HU response. Three novel nucleotide variations (−665 [A→C], −1301 [T→G],−1199 delA) in OR51B2 gene were found in good responders.

Conclusions:

None of the evaluated SNPs in our study showed significant association with HU response. Further larger studies and evaluation of other genes are suggested.
Neurotoxicity Associated With Dimethyl Sulfoxide Used in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Ataseven Eda , Tüfekçi Özlem , Yilmaz Şebnem , Güleryüz Handan , Ören Hale
Published: January 2017

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a cryoprotective agent used in storage of frozen stem cells in stem cell transplantation. Central nervous system side effects of DMSO such as epileptic seizures, stroke, transient global amnesia, and temporary leucoencephalopathy are rarely seen. Here, we report a pediatric patient who developed seizures after DMSO-cryopreserved stem cell infusion and whose magnetic resonance imaging of the brain demonstrated parietal and occipital focal cortical T2-signal intensity increase. DMSO toxicity should be kept in mind in patients who received cryopreserved stem cell infusion and magnetic resonance imaging may be helpful in differential diagnosis of central nervous system involvement.
Viral meningitis: current issues in diagnosis and treatment
Authors: McGill Fiona , Griffiths Michael J. , Solomon Tom
Published: January 2017

Purpose of review

The purpose of this review is to give an overview of viral meningitis and then focus in on some of the areas of uncertainty in diagnostics, treatment and outcome.

Recent findings

Bacterial meningitis has been declining in incidence over recent years. Over a similar time period molecular diagnostics have increasingly been used. Because of both of these developments viral meningitis is becoming relatively more important. However, there are still many unanswered questions. Despite improvements in diagnostics many laboratories do not use molecular methods and even when they are used many cases still remain without a proven viral aetiology identified. There are also no established treatments for viral meningitis and the one potential treatment, aciclovir, which is effective in vitro for herpes simplex virus, has never been subjected to a clinical trial.

Viruses are in increasingly important cause of meningitis in the era of declining bacterial disease. The exact viral aetiology varies according to age and country. Molecular diagnostics can not only improve the rate of pathogen detection but also reduce unnecessary antibiotics use and length of hospitalization. Further research is required into treatments for viral meningitis and the impact in terms of longer term sequelae.
Decreased Urethral Volume Is Comparable to Funneling as a Predictor of Intrinsic Sphincter Deficiency
Authors: Santiago Andrea Chua , Quiroz Lieschen H. , Shobeiri S. Abbas
Published: January 2017

Objectives

The aims of this study were to determine the association between x-ray funneling and ultrasound urethral sphincter complex measurements and to compare the reliability of funneling versus urethral volume measurement in the detection of intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD).

Methods

This was a retrospective analysis, which included 54 stress incontinent women dichotomized into those with (1) ISD and (2) no ISD. The presence of bladder neck funneling was diagnosed by fluoroscopic images obtained at the time of video-urodynamics testing. Measurements of the urethral sphincter complex were obtained from ultrasound volumes. Reliability measures were obtained for both funneling and urethral volume measurements.

Results

Rhabdomyosphincter length and area were found to be smaller in patients with funneling compared with those with no funneling (P = 0.0161, P = 0.0359). The urethral volume was significantly smaller in the ISD versus no-ISD group (P = 0.0002). For those who had funneling, the ISD group had smaller urethral volume compared with the no-ISD group (P = 0.0019). For those who did not have funneling, the ISD group still had a smaller urethral volume compared with the no-ISD group (P = 0.0054). An ultrasound urethral volume of less than 3.5 cm3 had a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 64% for the presence of ISD, whereas x-ray funneling had a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 73%.

Conclusions

Smaller rhabdomyosphincter length and area on ultrasound are associated with x-ray funneling. Ultrasound urethral volume of 3.5 cm3 as a cutoff provides the same reliability as x-ray funneling for the diagnosis of ISD.
Histologic Anatomy of the Anterior Vagina and Urethra
Authors: Mazloomdoost Donna , Westermann Lauren B. , Mutema George , Crisp Catrina C. , Kleeman Steven D. , Pauls Rachel N.
Published: January 2017

Background

Vaginal and urethral histology is important to understanding the pathophysiology of the pelvic floor.

Methods

En bloc removal of 4 female cadaveric pelvises was performed, with 18 to 25 serial sections obtained from each. The vaginal and urethral lengths were divided into distal and proximal sections; urethra was divided into anterior and posterior segments as well. Innervation and vasculature were qualified as small and large and quantified per high-power field.

Results

The mean vaginal length was 7.45 cm, and the mean urethral length was 3.38 cm. A distinct vaginal fibromuscular layer was noted, without evidence of a dense sheet of continuous collagen. An epithelial, lamina propria, and muscular layer surrounded the urethral lumen. Adipose and loose fibroconnective tissue separated the urethra from the anterior vagina in 41% of slides. Nerves and vasculature were concentrated in the lamina propria. More small nerves and vessels were grossly seen compared with larger counterparts in both the vagina and urethra. No significant differences in layer thickness, innervation, or vasculature were observed along the vaginal length. The posterior urethra had greater innervation than did the anterior (P = 0.012). The distal posterior urethra had more large vessels than did the proximal posterior urethra (P = 0.03). No other differences were noted in urethral sections.

Conclusions

A vaginal fibromuscular layer was confirmed, refuting a true fascia. Innervation and vasculature were quantitatively the same along the anterior vagina. However, the posterior urethra had greater innervation than did anterior and is most innervated proximally. Nerve and vascular histology may relate to pelvic floor disorder etiology.
Knowledge, Perceptions, and Attitudes Toward Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Urinary Incontinence in Spanish-Speaking Latinas
Authors: Jackson Elisha , Hernandez Loretta , Mallett Veronica T. , Montoya T. Ignacio
Published: January 2017

Objectives

The aim of the study was to explore individual views and perceptions of Spanish-speaking Latinas living on the US/Mexico border toward pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and urinary incontinence (UI), including awareness of conditions, implications of diagnoses, knowledge, and attitudes toward available treatment options.

Methods

Spanish-speaking Latina women were recruited from clinics at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso. Focus group discussions were conducted, addressing topics including female pelvic anatomy, perceived etiology and course of POP and UI, and attitudes toward treatment options. Discussions were transcribed and qualitative analysis performed to identify common themes and concepts.

Results

Twenty-four women participated in 5 focus groups as follows: 2 groups of women diagnosed with POP/UI, 2 groups of women with POP/UI symptoms, and 1 group of asymptomatic women. Mean age of participants was 52 years. Participants had a good basic understanding of pelvic organs and function. The following 3 common themes were derived from our analysis: culture, barriers, and misconceptions. Concepts identified from common themes included views of POP/UI as “abnormal” conditions; perceptions that providers may downplay or ignore symptoms of POP/UI; fear of doctor; views of cancer as a common POP complication; embarrassment; views of “massage” therapy as an effective treatment for POP; and willingness to consider all available treatment options for POP and UI, including pessary.

Conclusions

Findings suggest need for patient reassurance about the prevalence and benign course of POP and UI upon initial assessment, with continued reinforcement of basic concepts after diagnosis, and need for increased awareness and information resources for healthcare providers and Spanish-speaking Latina women regarding these common pelvic floor disorders.
Three-Year Retention Rates of Levetiracetam, Topiramate, and Oxcarbazepine: A Retrospective Hospital-Based Study
Authors: Sunwoo Jun-Sang , Park Byeong-Su , Ahn Seon Jae , Hwang Sungeun , Park Chan-Young , Jun Jin-Sun , Kim Dong Wook , Lee Soon-Tae , Jung Keun-Hwa , Park Kyung-Il , Chu Kon , Jung Ki-Young , Lee Sang Kun
Published: January 2017

Objectives

We evaluated and compared the 3-year retention rates of levetiracetam (LEV), topiramate (TPM), and oxcarbazepine (OXC) in patients with epilepsy in routine clinical practice.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients with epilepsy who were newly prescribed LEV, TPM, or OXC from 2006 to 2010. The retention rates were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier analysis, and independent risk factors for drug discontinuation were analyzed by the Cox regression method.

Results

A total of 588 patients were included: LEV (n = 345), TPM (n = 190), and OXC (n = 53). Among them, 82% had focal epilepsy, whereas 14.8% had generalized epilepsy. The 3-year retention rates for LEV, TPM, and OXC, were 81.2%, 78.3%, and 54.7%, respectively. Levetiracetam and TPM had equivalent retention rates, whereas patients remained on OXC for a significantly shorter amount of time (P < 0.001). A lower retention rate for OXC was also evident in the subgroup analysis of focal epilepsy (P < 0.001). In generalized epilepsy, LEV and TPM revealed comparable retention rates (P = 0.255). The seizure-freedom rate did not differ among groups, whereas the rate of adverse effects leading to drug withdrawal of OXC (87.5%) was higher than that of LEV (34.4%, P < 0.001) and TPM (52.5%, P = 0.012).

Conclusions

The current study suggested that LEV and TPM had comparable retention profiles in the long-term treatment for both focal and generalized epilepsy. Meanwhile, OXC therapy seemed to be relatively less useful because of its poor tolerability.
Tumour chemotherapy strategy based on impulse control theory
Authors: Ren Hai-Peng , Yang Yan , Baptista Murilo S. , Grebogi Celso
Published: January 2017

Chemotherapy is a widely accepted method for tumour treatment. A medical doctor usually treats patients periodically with an amount of drug according to empirical medicine guides. From the point of view of cybernetics, this procedure is an impulse control system, where the amount and frequency of drug used can be determined analytically using the impulse control theory. In this paper, the stability of a chemotherapy treatment of a tumour is analysed applying the impulse control theory. The globally stable condition for prescription of a periodic oscillatory chemotherapeutic agent is derived. The permanence of the solution of the treatment process is verified using the Lyapunov function and the comparison theorem. Finally, we provide the values for the strength and the time interval that the chemotherapeutic agent needs to be applied such that the proposed impulse chemotherapy can eliminate the tumour cells and preserve the immune cells. The results given in the paper provide an analytical formula to guide medical doctors to choose the theoretical minimum amount of drug to treat the cancer and prevent harming the patients because of over-treating.

This article is part of the themed issue ‘Horizons of cybernetical physics’.
Using signals to evaluate the teaching quality of MBA faculty members
Authors: Dinh Tho Nguyen
Published: January 2017

Purpose

Realizing the role of signals in the evaluation of teaching quality as well as the advantage of a set-theoretic approach to education research, the purpose of this paper is to employ a signaling framework and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to configure the roles of signal quality, including signal consistency, signal clarity, signal credibility and teaching investment in the teaching quality of Master of Business Administration (MBA) faculty members.

Design/methodology/approach

A sample of 342 MBA students in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam was surveyed to collect the data. fsQCA was employed to configure the conditions – signal consistency, signal clarity, signal credibility and teaching investment – for the occurrence of teaching quality, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the net effects of these conditions on teaching quality.

Findings

fsQCA findings reveal that teaching investment combines with signal clarity, signal consistency and signal credibility to form sufficient conditions for the occurrence of teaching quality. SEM results confirm the net effects of these conditions on teaching quality.

Practical implications

This study suggests that MBA faculty members should invest in their teaching and send clear, consistent and credible signals to their students in order to enhance their teaching quality perceived by their students.

Originality/value

The application of signaling theory to evaluate teaching quality, which has largely been ignored in prior research, and the use of fsQCA to better understand the complexity of necessary and sufficient conditions for teaching quality are two contributions of this study to the literature.
Unpacking the revised Bloom’s taxonomy: developing case-based learning activities
Authors: Nkhoma Mathews Zanda , Lam Tri Khai , Sriratanaviriyakul Narumon , Richardson Joan , Kam Booi , Lau Kwok Hung
Published: January 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose the use of case studies in teaching an undergraduate course of Internet for Business in class, based on the revised Bloom’s taxonomy. The study provides the empirical evidence about the effect of case-based teaching method integrated the revised Bloom’s taxonomy on students’ incremental learning, measured by the four constructs: knowledge application, higher-order thinking, practice evaluation knowledge and knowledge improvement.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, learning activities associated with the revised taxonomy-based learning strategy were proposed to support the development of higher-level cognitive skills. Revised application scale, higher-order thinking scale, practice evaluation knowledge scale and knowledge improvement scale were used to measure students’ perception of skills corresponding to their level of application, analysis, evaluation and creation, respectively. After completing each task pertinent to case studies, students were encouraged to complete the survey questionnaire. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to examine the relationships between constructs. Students participate in a course where case studies are employed as the main learning activities to promote higher-order thinking. Upon completing the course, they fill in a survey to evaluate the four constructs of incremental learning: level of knowledge application, higher-order thinking, practice evaluation knowledge and knowledge improvement. The relationships between the four constructs are then examined using SEM.

Findings

Analysis reveals that with the use of case-based learning activities, knowledge application creates a positive impact on higher-order thinking. Higher-order thinking has positive influence on practice evaluation knowledge. Eventually, practice evaluation knowledge produces a positive effect on knowledge improvement. The results show the desired effects of incremental learning.

Research limitations/implications

The case studies designed for teaching the Internet for Business course might not be suitable in terms of content for other courses, which limit the implication of the findings.

Practical implications

The key implication is that cognitive process is enhanced by using case studies where learning activities are designed, based on the revised Bloom’s taxonomy.

Originality/value

The paper offers a comprehensive perspective on incremental learning where students’ knowledge of Internet for Business moves developmentally towards the higher-order cognitive process dimension of the revised Bloom’s taxonomy.
Do accredited undergraduate accounting programmes in Australia meet the needs and expectations of the accounting profession?
Authors: Bayerlein Leopold , Timpson Mel
Published: January 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to assess the overall alignment of undergraduate accounting degree programmes from all Certified Practicing Accountants Australia and Chartered Accountants Australia and New Zealand accredited higher education providers in Australia with the profession’s minimum educational expectations (MEEs).

Design/methodology/approach

The paper uses a series of quantitative and qualitative analyses to determine whether or not the content and focus of these programmes prepares students for contemporary accounting practice.

Findings

The results of these analyses demonstrate that most accredited undergraduate accounting degrees in Australia are largely unaligned with the profession’s expectations, with 18 (out of 57) degree programmes showing no overlap between their learning outcomes and the profession’s MEEs. In addition, only two (out of 57) programmes are shown to address all of the profession’s minimum expectations. A subsequent analysis of the focus and structure of the evaluated degree-level learning outcomes revealed additional inconsistencies between the interpretation of individual MEEs by the profession and the higher education sector.

Originality/value

This paper demonstrates that accredited undergraduate degrees are predominantly unable to prepare students for entry into the accounting profession, and that the prior efforts to align accounting curricula with the profession’s needs and expectation have thus far been largely unsuccessful. The findings of this paper are relevant for higher education providers and the accounting profession because they reflect the current level of alignment between the content and focus of undergraduate accounting education and the profession’s expectations. In addition, the findings of this paper highlight that the current accreditation process of the professional accounting bodies in Australia does not generate the desired alignment between academia and accounting practice.
The significant of business strategy in improving organizational performance
Authors: Yuliansyah Yuliansyah , Gurd Bruce , Mohamed Nafsiah
Published: January 2017

Purpose

This research aims to investigate the extent to which business strategy mediates the relationship between reliance on integrative strategic performance measurement (RISPM) and organisational performance.

Design/methodology/approach

A self-administered survey of 157 managers in Indonesian financial institutions was used to test direct and indirect effects among the hypothesised variables.

Findings

The findings indicate that business strategy has a full mediating effect on the relationship between RISPM and organisational performance.

Originality/value

This study indicates that performance measurement systems should be designed in conjunction with business strategies to obtain superior performance. More specifically, in the Indonesian financial institutions, applying a differentiation strategy is found to be most effective in gaining competitive advantage and superior performance.
The relationship between agency theory, stakeholder theory andShariahsupervisory board in Islamic banking
Authors: Al-Nasser Mohammed Sulaiman Abdullah Saif , Muhammed Joriah
Published: January 2017

Purpose

In relation to the critical problem, this paper aims to present an understanding of the agency theory and the stakeholder theory from the perspective of the Islamic principles. Indeed, a thorough examination of the theoretical background explaining corporate governance from the Islamic perspective is necessary to conduct research analysing corporate governance in Islamic banks.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors followed a critical review discussion; this method takes into consideration presenting important theories and comparing those theories with Islamic perspective.

Findings

The authors presented important arguments on the difference between ordinary theories to explaining corporate governance and Islamic perspective. The paper browsed into whether theShariahSupervisory Board is a fit with the agency theory by explaining the agency theory and how it differs from the Islamic banking concepts. The paper involved an analytical review on stakeholder theory and presented a critique and the rationale as to why there is ample room for theShariahSupervisory Board to be considered a fit with the stakeholder theory, as theShariahSupervisory Board is an independent body influencing the firm.

Originality/value

The paper is of important value to those conducting research in the area of governance in Islamic banks; they may find it beneficial in terms of underlining theory building their research framework.
Creating successful and sustainable educational administrative internship experiences
Authors: Deschaine Mark Edward , Jankens Benjamin P.
Published: January 2017

Purpose

With increase requirements and a more clinical approach for administrator internships in principal preparation programs, universities are taking a look at their internships and how they are implemented. The purpose of this paper is to propose a structure and framework incorporating promising practices from recent literature and explores how to successfully implement new standards and state requirements. Additionally, a framework for practice is included as a foundation for a clinical internship program that applies theory and promising practices.

Design/methodology/approach

Internships are a critical aspect of the principal preparation program and are crucial to preparing students to fulfill their future leadership roles. This brief reviewed the related literature, which revealed the lack of quality in various educational leadership programs and posited that the internship is an essential element to principal preparation. Key considerations to successful internships, and why they are necessary to overall candidate preparation were also presented. Additionally, a sample program was described that included aspects of both performance and accountability and served as a framework for new and revised internships.

Findings

Although the internship experience is but one part of a larger curricular sequence, it has a central role in the preparation of future school administrators. School administrator preparation programs have an obligation to allow participants to fully experience the breadth and depth of issues and environments that they will encounter. A structure and framework is needed that incorporates promising practices from recent literature, and explores how to successfully implement new standards and state requirements for a clinical internship program applying current theory and promising practices.

Originality/value

Creating and maintaining effective internship experiences is an ever-evolving process that requires dedicated faculty and resources. Learning through internships is a central element of future principal candidates’ overall success. Authentic practice and experience in real school settings ensures that future educational leaders receive the best preparation that universities and faculty can provide.
The demand for qualified personnel: a case study on Northern Italy
Authors: Bertolini Sonia , Goglio Valentina
Published: January 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the debate on the employability of graduates from the standpoint of employers by presenting original empirical evidence from a case study on Piedmont, in Northwestern Italy.

Design/methodology/approach

The empirical material of this paper provides an encompassing view of the educational system and of the labor market, based on qualitative data collected from 98 qualitative interviews and two focus groups that involved employers, teachers, school administrators, and public service authorities.

Findings

Despite important differences between big and small companies, the findings show some common traits that influence decisions on hiring: interpersonal skills, reliability, and motivation to learn and adapt to change are highly valued; social networks play a central role in finding a job, with consequences in terms of equality of opportunities; firms tend to establish long working relationships with the new hirees (especially college graduates), considering them as investments whose potential will be fulfilled in the long run.

Originality/value

The focus on the aspect of the demand is the added value of this paper. In fact, while scholars have largely addressed the supply of human capital, the demand side has received little attention and little evidence is available on employers’ decision-making process in hiring new personnel. In addition, the Northwest of Italy is known for its good economic performance but also has some potential weaknesses due to a production system that is rather traditional. Although geographically delimited, the case study provides interesting insights on the employers’ demand, which can be generalized to other contexts. The findings of this work can also have significant applications in other European contexts with similar characteristics, particularly Southern European countries.
Professional competency-based analysis of continuing tensions between education and training in higher education
Authors: Perera Srinath , Babatunde Solomon Olusola , Pearson John , Ekundayo Damilola
Published: January 2017

Purpose

The education and training of construction graduates are highly influenced by the higher education institutions which produced them and the relevant professional bodies, which set the competencies that guide both academic and industrial learning. Thus, it is important to ascertain what the key stakeholders perceive construction graduates should achieve in competencies. Construction is a practice-oriented collection of professions, thus, this research focussed on the quantity surveying (QS) profession that is responsible for cost control and management of construction projects, and accredited by the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors. The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyse the expected level of competencies attained by QS graduates, assess the industry perception of the achievement of competencies by QS graduates, and the ranking of competencies in the order of perceived importance.

Design/methodology/approach

The study adopted three different data gathering phases to include literature review, expert forum, and two surveys – industry and academia.

Findings

The research revealed unrealistically high expectations by the construction industry of QS graduates achieving a high level of competency in ten mandatory, seven core, and seven optional competencies. The research found that there were significant levels of dissatisfaction with the expected level of achievement of mandatory, core, and optional competencies by the QS graduates. Thus, a perception gap was identified between the academia and the industry.

Practical implications

This research will provide a benchmarking tool for curricula alignment for the construction degree programmes in higher education.

Originality/value

The identification of the exact nature of industry competencies requirements and any variations will assist the construction graduates to connect more effectively to the industry. These research findings confirm the need for continued expansion of curricula and diversification of pedagogies.
Work-based learning for the creative industries
Authors: Riley Tim
Published: January 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the knowledge and insight gained building a work-based learning (WBL) degree apprenticeship developed through the Higher Education Funding Council for England Catalyst Fund. Requirements of the funding stipulated that, in addition to work WBL provision, the course should be offered as a two-year fast-track. This was required to help reduce the increased financial burden placed on students, which arose from the substantial rise in HE tuition fees sanctioned by the UK Coalition Government in 2010.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper presents a case study detailing the advantages and pitfalls of integrating WBL into fledgling but rapidly expanding creative industries, such as web media production and social media. The development and composition of WBL model was adapted from an existing and successful three year, traditionally structured, BA (Hons) web media production course. It adopted a model whereby partnerships between external organisations and educational institutions are established through a contractual agreement.

Findings

Growth of the web media sector, while rapid, is still embryonic. Consequently many employers, particularly in social media, remain small or micro businesses, many capable of only employing one student. This caused several accumulative and administrative and issues along with funding implications. While for many micro businesses the WBL model was appealing by provided employers with an appropriately skilled workforce that addressed the technical and digital skills gap, government funding and partnership initiatives proved to be more directly suitable for larger businesses.

Originality/value

The author considers the case study to be a distinctive insight into the development of creative and vocationally orientated subjects. The paper examines degree apprenticeships and WBL from the perspective of creative industries employer partnerships, particularly in the area of web and social media micro businesses. These are crucial areas for expansion as higher-level degree apprenticeships are rolled out in the UK.
Field of study choice: using conjoint analysis and clustering
Authors: Shtudiner Ze’ev , Zwilling Moti , Kantor Jeffrey
Published: January 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to measure student’s preferences regarding various attributes that affect their decision process while choosing a higher education area of study.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper exhibits two different models which shed light on the perceived value of each examined area of study: conjoint analysis and clustering k-means algorithm.

Findings

The findings of the used methods exhibit not only which of the attributes have the greatest influence on students’ decision-making process, but also shed light on which types of study areas are most preferred by respondents.

Originality/value

The paper addresses a new view on students’ definition of higher education when adding the choice of selecting the “proper” area of study to one’s profile.
Confessions of sex offenders: extracting offender and victim profiles for investigative interviewing
Authors: Beauregard Eric , Busina Irina , Healey Jay
Published: January 2017

Purpose

Although offender profiling has been cited as an effective tool to interview suspects, empirical profiling methods have completely excluded interviewing suggestions when testing the validity of this technique. The purpose of this paper is to explore the utility of empirically derived profiles of offender- and victim-related sexual assault case characteristics (n=624) in the preparation of the interrogation strategies in sexual assault investigations.

Design/methodology/approach

Latent class analysis was used to extract profiles of offender- and victim-related sexual assault case characteristics in a sample of 624 incarcerated sex offenders. Moreover, relationships between offender and victim profiles were conducted using χ2analyses.

Findings

Findings show that specific offender-victim profiles are related to greater likelihood of confession during the interrogation. Possible interrogation strategies for each profile are suggested and implications for the practice of interviewing suspects are discussed.

Originality/value

The study is the first to examine both victim and offender profiles in order to assess the significant victim-offender profile combinations and their associated probabilities of resulting in confession.
Reproductive success is driven by local site fidelity despite stronger specialisation by individuals for large‐scale habitat preference
Authors: Patrick Samantha Clare , Weimerskirch Henri
Published: January 2017

There is widespread evidence that within populations, specialists and generalists can coexist and this is particularly prevalent in marine ecosystems, where foraging specialisations are evident.

While individuals may limit niche overlap by consistently foraging in specific areas, site fidelity may also emerge as an artefact of habitat choice, but both drivers and fitness consequences of site fidelity are poorly understood.

Here, we examine an individual metric of site and habitat fidelity, using tracking data collected over 11 years for black‐browed albatrosses (Thalassarche melanophris). Fidelity was calculated as the similarity between pairs of foraging zones, quantifying measures for within and between years. Foraging areas were identified using area‐restricted search, defined as periods during which birds decrease speed and increase turning.

Our results demonstrate that birds were considerably more specialised in the habitat in which they forage than the exact location they use within years, and there was a similar pattern between years. However, despite this, it was site fidelity that explained reproductive success. Within a single year, females which were more faithful to a specific location had higher reproductive success than non‐specialists, and between years there was a tendency for both sexes.

Our results suggest that black‐browed albatrosses are highly faithful in their foraging habitat but it is rather site fidelity that is more clearly associated with reproductive success.