bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discovering DNA Methylation, the History and Future of the Writing on DNA
Authors: Tompkins Joshua D.
Published: October 2022

DNA methylation is a quintessential epigenetic mechanism. Widely considered a stable regulator of gene silencing, it represents a form of “molecular braille,” chemically printed on DNA to regulate its structure and the expression of genetic information. However, there was a time when methyl groups simply existed in cells, mysteriously speckled across the cytosine building blocks of DNA. Why was the code of life chemically modified, apparently by “no accident of enzyme action” (Wyatt 1951)? If all cells in a body share the same genome sequence, how do they adopt unique functions and maintain stable developmental states? Do cells remember? In this historical perspective, I review epigenetic history and principles and the tools, key scientists, and concepts that brought us the synthesis and discovery of prokaryotic and eukaryotic methylated DNA. Drawing heavily on Gerard Wyatt’s observation of asymmetric levels of methylated DNA across species, as well as to a pair of visionary 1975 DNA methylation papers, 5-methylcytosine is connected to DNA methylating enzymes in bacteria, the maintenance of stable cellular states over development, and to the regulation of gene expression through protein-DNA binding. These works have not only shaped our views on heritability and gene regulation but also remind us that core epigenetic concepts emerged from the intrinsic requirement for epigenetic mechanisms to exist. Driven by observations across prokaryotic and eukaryotic worlds, epigenetic systems function to access and interpret genetic information across all forms of life. Collectively, these works offer many guiding principles for our epigenetic understanding for today, and for the next generation of epigenetic inquiry in a postgenomics world.
Case design and flow resistance in high-alpine caddisfly larvae (Insecta, Trichoptera)
Authors: Waringer Johann , Vitecek Simon , Martini Jan , Zittra Carina , Vieira Ariane , Kuhlmann Hendrik C.
Published: October 2022

For evaluating hydraulic stress reduction strategies of caddisfly larvae, our study has three goals. First, creating a database on Reynolds numbers (Re) and drag coefficients valid for Limnephilidae larvae with cylindrical mineral cases. Second, evaluating the effects of submerged weight and biometry in cases with comparable length/width ratios. And third, collecting field data in an alpine environment for gaining insights into the hydraulic niches occupied by thirteen Drusinae species. Biometric data were subsequently combined with published Reynolds numbers and mean flow velocity data measured immediately upstream of Limnephilidae larvae at the moment of dislodgement. This provides drag coefficients for the range of Reynolds numbers obtained in the field. Data reveal that heavy cases strongly benefit from compensating drag by submerged weight, thereby enabling species to utilize high velocity spots, an important benefit for filtering species.
An overview of the SAMPL8 host–guest binding challenge
Authors: Amezcua Martin , Setiadi Jeffry , Ge Yunhui , Mobley David L.
Published: October 2022

The SAMPL series of challenges aim to focus the community on specific modeling challenges, while testing and hopefully driving progress of computational methods to help guide pharmaceutical drug discovery. In this study, we report on the results of the SAMPL8 host–guest blind challenge for predicting absolute binding affinities. SAMPL8 focused on two host–guest datasets, one involving the cucurbituril CB8 (with a series of common drugs of abuse) and another involving two different Gibb deep-cavity cavitands. The latter dataset involved a previously featured deep cavity cavitand (TEMOA) as well as a new variant (TEETOA), both binding to a series of relatively rigid fragment-like guests. Challenge participants employed a reasonably wide variety of methods, though many of these were based on molecular simulations, and predictive accuracy was mixed. As in some previous SAMPL iterations (SAMPL6 and SAMPL7), we found that one approach to achieve greater accuracy was to apply empirical corrections to the binding free energy predictions, taking advantage of prior data on binding to these hosts. Another approach which performed well was a hybrid MD-based approach with reweighting to a force matched QM potential. In the cavitand challenge, an alchemical method using the AMOEBA-polarizable force field achieved the best success with RMSE less than 1 kcal/mol, while another alchemical approach (ATM/GAFF2-AM1BCC/TIP3P/HREM) had RMSE less than 1.75 kcal/mol. The work discussed here also highlights several important lessons; for example, retrospective studies of reference calculations demonstrate the sensitivity of predicted binding free energies to ethyl group sampling and/or guest starting pose, providing guidance to help improve future studies on these systems.
Police and Duty Lawyer Perceptions of Domestic Violence Protection Order Proceedings Involving Parents: Towards Greater System Accountability and Family-Centred Decision-Making
Authors: Stambe Rose-Marie , Meyer Silke
Published: October 2022

Purpose

Domestic violence (DV) is a problem of global significance and remains a gendered issue that disproportionately affects women and children. Prevalence studies on women’s experiences of DV suggest that around 50% of victims identify as mothers. The effects of DV on mothers and children are well documented, raising implications for their protection. Civil protection orders are a legal tool used to reduce and prevent experiences of DV. Research on protection order effectiveness is mixed with research suggesting that the ongoing relationship between a respondent and aggrieved parent around child contact presents ongoing opportunities for re-victimization. This study contributes to the scant literature on the implications of protection orders on parental responsibilities.

Method

The study draws on surveys with duty lawyers and focus groups with police officers. A thematic analysis was used to examine perceptions and experiences of ‘no contact’ protection orders and respondent parent non-compliance where mutual children are involved.

Results

Findings suggest that ambiguous ‘no contact’ conditions and a lack of clarity around their implications for child contact play a key role in respondent parent non-compliance, ranging from uninformed non-compliance to the strategic use of children as a form of coercive control in non-compliance.

Conclusion

Findings raise implications for specialist legal advice and support for parents affected by DV to sit alongside protection order court proceedings. Findings highlight the need for greater system accountability to ensure court-issued protection orders take a family-centred approach that align with parental responsibilities and ensure child and adult victims’ safety and wellbeing.
Production and characterization of standard particles for rL-SNMS
Authors: Hanemann Paul , Bister Stefan , Raiwa Manuel , Reinhard Sandra , van Eerten Darcy , Walther Clemens
Published: October 2022

In this work, uranium-and plutonium-baring particles were produced by fast iron co-precipitation for the purpose of creating homogeneous multi-element standards. A set of single isolated particles showing no inhomogeneities in the element distribution were selected. These particles were used to determine the maximal achievable suppression ratios for uranium in Resonant Laser Secondary Neutral Mass Spectrometry (rL-SNMS) measurements of plutonium. It was shown for the first time directly that suppression-ratios in the order of three magnitudes are achievable with a resonant two-step excitation scheme for non-destructive measurements.
On Bose–Einstein condensates in the Thomas–Fermi regime
Authors: Dimonte Daniele , Giacomelli Emanuela L.
Published: October 2022

We study a system of N trapped bosons in the Thomas–Fermi regime with an interacting pair potential of the form $$ g_N N^{3\beta -1} V(N^\beta x) $$

g
N

N

3
β
-
1

V

(

N
β

x
)

, for some $$ \beta \in (0,1/3) $$

β
∈
(
0
,
1
/
3
)

and $$ g_N $$

g
N

diverging as $$ N \rightarrow \infty $$

N
→
∞

. We prove that there is complete Bose–Einstein condensation at the level of the ground state and, furthermore, that, if $$ \beta \in (0,1/6) $$

β
∈
(
0
,
1
/
6
)

, condensation is preserved by the time evolution.
Social Inclusion Challenges and the Future of Relational Wellbeing: The Case of Indonesia and South-Korea
Authors: Seda Francisia S. S. E. , Kurniawan Kevin Nobel , Pera Yosef Hilarius Timu
Published: October 2022

This research focuses on enriching the dynamics and contextual explanation of relational well-being as a representation of sustainable quality of life. Previous studies rely on economic explanations and have not shown an adequate synergy model with social factors in explaining social well-being conditions. This research intends to fill and enrich this gap by examining how vertical and horizontal forms of social inclusion have impacted on the well-being in its relational forms: the capacity to trust others, the degree of interaction, and proactivity in communal participation. By comparing the differing socio-economic conditions of Indonesian and South Korean society through correlation and multiple regression analysis, we found that a sustainable and balanced form of relational well-being does not only consist in economic attributes vertically, but also social-horizontal dimension, which is manifested through social capital and cohesion facilitated by cultural, religious and gender groups in local communities. Economic (material) factors are more dominant in explaining relational well-being at the individual level, while social (non-material) factors are dominant as explanations at the community level. This research presents a novelty related to the Easterlin Paradox thesis that the improvement of well-being in the context of societal development, does not only rely on economic attributes alone, however it is complemented and balanced by social dimension such as horizontal forms of social inclusion. The policy implications of this research show that inclusive government policies at the personal, relational, and societal level, is very fundamental to create sustainable well-being.
Trading Power
Authors: Gray William Glenn
Published: October 2022

Trading Power traces the successes and failures of a generation of German political leaders as the Bonn Republic emerged as a substantial force in European, Atlantic, and world affairs. Over the course of the 1960s and 1970s, West Germans relinquished many trappings of hard power, most notably nuclear weapons, and learned to leverage their economic power instead. Obsessed with stability and growth, Bonn governments battled inflation in ways that enhanced the international position of the Deutsche Mark while upending the international monetary system. Germany's remarkable export achievements exerted a strong hold on the Soviet bloc, forming the basis for a new Ostpolitik under Willy Brandt. Through much trial and error, the Federal Republic learned how to find a balance among key Western allies, and in the mid-1970s Helmut Schmidt ensured Germany's centrality to institutions such as the European Council and the G-7 – the newly emergent leadership structures of the West.
Shareholder Protection in Close Corporations
Authors: Koh Alan K
Published: October 2022

Close corporations, which are legal forms popular with small and medium enterprises, are crucial to every major economy's private sector. However, unlike their 'public' corporation counterparts, close corporation minority shareholders have limited exit options, and are structurally vulnerable in conflicts with majority or controlling shareholders. 'Withdrawal remedies'-legal mechanisms enabling aggrieved shareholders to exit companies with monetary claims-are potent minority shareholder protection mechanisms. This book critically examines the theory and operation of withdrawal remedies in four jurisdictions: the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan. Developing and applying a theoretical and comparative framework to the analysis of these jurisdictions' withdrawal remedies, this book proposes a model withdrawal remedy that is potentially applicable to any jurisdiction. With its international, functional, and comparative analysis of withdrawal remedies, it challenges preconceptions about shareholder remedies and offers a methodology for comparative corporate law in both scholarship and practice.
Complete algebraic semantics for second-order rewriting systems based on abstract syntax with variable binding
Authors: Hamana Makoto
Published: October 2022

By using algebraic structures in a presheaf category over finite sets, following Fiore, Plotkin and Turi, we develop sound and complete models of second-order rewriting systems called second-order computation systems (CSs). Restricting the algebraic structures to those equipped with well-founded relations, we obtain a complete characterisation of terminating CSs. We also extend the characterisation to rewriting on meta-terms using the notion of
$\Sigma$
-monoid.
Seismic Signature of Rain and Wind Inferred From Seismic Data
Authors: Rindraharisaona E. J. , Réchou A. , Fontaine F. R. , Barruol G. , Stamenoff P. , Boudevillain B. , Rigaud‐Louise F. , Delcher E.
Published: October 2022

Seismic stations are increasingly used to monitor river activity and to quantify sediment transport during flood events. In tropical regions, cyclone‐induced floods are often associated with heavy rain and strong wind episodes, generating complex seismic records involving the simultaneous signature of water, sediment, rainfall and wind. Hence, seismic characterization of rain and wind is then required to better decipher each process and improve our understanding of the river seismic signature. In this study, we investigate experimentally the seismic response of rain and wind using data recorded by geophones deployed in various soil types and at different burial depth (BD), co‐located with various meteorological instruments. Our results show that the power spectral density (PSD) of the seismic noise intensifies at a frequency between 60 and 500 Hz for rain and 5 and 500 Hz for wind, in the presence of rain precipitation as low as 0.025 mm/min and/or wind speed ≥3 m/s. PSD analysis indicates that the seismic signal associated with rain decreases with the BD with a value of ∼2–5 dB in a depth difference of 10 cm. We also observe that each soil type has its own seismic signature. The 4‐min root mean square correlation between the seismic signal amplitude and the rain precipitation suggests that they best correlate with Pearson coefficient >0.90 at BD of 30 cm. The transfer function between the precipitation rate (or kinetic energy) and the seismic signal amplitude shows that the signal recorded by the geophone can be used as a robust proxy for these parameters.
Basin Sediments Geometry and Strength as Controls for Post‐Failure Emplacement Style of Alpine Sub‐Lacustrine Landslides
Authors: Klein B. , Puzrin A. M. , Stoecklin A. , Kopf A.
Published: October 2022

Predicting the evolution of underwater mass movements in their post‐failure stage is vital for risk assessment of offshore structures and ensuring safety of coastal communities threatened by tsunami waves. In the absence of sedimentological and geotechnical data, variability of the post‐failure behavior in a specific marine or lacustrine setting is often attributed to predisposition factors such as the slope height‐drop and depth to the basal shear surface. In this paper, the contribution of other geometrical parameters such as the slope inclination and the relative thickness of the frontal basin sediments is investigated using a coupled Eulerian‐Lagrangian finite element framework. An emphasis is given to the important role of the strength difference between the slope and frontal basin sediments. The suggested framework is first validated against the well‐documented Zinnen slide in Lake Lucerne (Switzerland), successfully reproducing the post‐failure geometry and capturing the main features observed in published seismic profiles. It is then applied in a parametric study to illustrate the decisive role of the frontal basin sediments in determining the post‐failure geometry of underwater mass wasting in similar settings.
Electromagnetic Ducting in the Near‐Shore Marine Environment: Results From the CASPER‐East Field Experiment
Authors: Alappattu Denny P. , Wang Qing , Yamaguchi Ryan T. , Haack Tracy , Ulate Marcela , Fernando Harindra J. , Frederickson Paul
Published: October 2022

We used the observations from the east coast of the USA and model simulations to elicit marine atmospheric surface layer (MASL) processes that controlled the spatial variability of electromagnetic ducting conditions in the near‐shore (60 km) marine environment during CASPER‐East field campaign. The estimated evaporation duct height (EDH) showed an average decrease of ∼2.5 m over every 10 km distance from the shore. The surface layer stability conditions chiefly determined the duct heights. While the mean duct height remained ∼10 m under unstable conditions, deeper (>20 m) evaporation ducts were frequently evident (∼40% of the time) during stable MASL conditions, which were responsible for the observed near‐shore EDH variability. Episodes of warm offshore flow and advection of hot and humid air from the Gulfstream region created ideal environmental conditions for stable MASL development and thus deeper ducts over the coastal ocean. A detailed case study of warm and humid Gulfstream air advection over the cooler coastal ocean is presented to elucidate the temporal evolution of the surface layer stability and associated changes in the spatial distribution of the evaporation duct height.
Low Nitrogen Fixation Related to Shallow Nitracline Across the Eastern Indian Ocean
Authors: Sato Takuya , Shiozaki Takuhei , Hashihama Fuminori , Sato Mitsuhide , Murata Akihiko , Sasaoka Kosei , Umeda Shin‐ichiro , Takahashi Kazutaka
Published: October 2022

The eastern Indian Ocean (EIO) is characterized by oligotrophic surface water with abundant dust supply, and thus, this environment is considered to provide a favorable niche for cyanobacterial diazotrophs. However, direct measurements have reported low nitrogen fixation with the dominance of heterotrophic diazotrophs, suggesting that the EIO has unique geophysical features and nutrient supplies controlling diazotrophy, in contrast to those in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. In this study, we investigated the activity and community of diazotrophs across the EIO from the Bay of Bengal to the west of Australia. Low nitrogen fixation was observed broadly in the EIO (26.1–75.6 μmol N m−2 d−1), except in the west of Australia (82–286 μmol N m−2 d−1). Although the surface nitrate concentration was low in the EIO, the upward nitrate flux was higher because of the shallower nitracline than that in other oligotrophic oceans. This created widespread conditions with low aeFe:N (supply ratio of aerosol iron to nitrogen), resulting in low nitrogen fixation rates. NifH amplicon sequencing demonstrated the dominance of heterotrophic diazotrophs widely in the EIO, with spatial segregation from cyanobacterial diazotrophs (Trichodesmium, UCYN‐A1). In general, cyanobacterial diazotrophs were abundant in the surface waters of the Bay of Bengal and west of Australia with a high aeFe:N supply, whereas heterotrophic diazotrophs were dominant in other broad regions. This finding demonstrates that the shallow nitracline and associated high upward nitrate supply are key factors for the unique diazotrophy in the EIO.
Evaluating Single‐Collector Efficiencies of Colloid Deposition From Lagrangian Simulations: Geometric Models and Particle Release Scenarios
Authors: Xiong Xiaofeng , Yang Zhibing , Hu Ran , Chen Yi‐Feng
Published: October 2022

Single‐collector efficiency is of paramount importance in colloid filtration theory and widely used to represent the average filtration efficiency of a specific porous medium. In this work we present new formulations (unifying the stochastic and limiting trajectory cases) for efficient evaluation of the single‐collector efficiency with Lagrangian simulations in axisymmetric flow field for two commonly adopted particle‐releasing scenarios: from the envelope boundary (Happel sphere‐in‐cell) and from the upstream projected area (sphere‐in‐cylinder). We introduce an equivalent captured flux and define a capture indicator variable for each particle, to avoid calculation of local capture probability in previous studies. The single‐collector efficiencies obtained with the proposed formulations using particle trajectory simulations in axisymmetric flow field are in excellent agreement with full 3D simulation results, which validates our approach. The results are also compared with the Levich equation and published correlation equations. The differences between the two particle‐releasing scenarios are clarified and their impact on the single‐collector efficiency is quantified. The proposed axisymmetric simulation method can significantly reduce the computational time for obtaining single‐collector efficiency in comparison to 3D modeling approach, and can also be conveniently applied to studying particle transport in other practical scenarios involving axial symmetry, such as constricted tubes, impinging jet, stagnation‐point flow.
Evolving polarisation of infiltrating and alveolar macrophages in the lung during metastatic progression of melanoma suggests CCR1 as a therapeutic target
Authors: Tapmeier Thomas T. , Howell Jake H. , Zhao Lei , Papiez Bartlomiej W. , Schnabel Julia A. , Muschel Ruth J. , Gal Annamaria
Published: October 2022

Metastatic tumour progression is facilitated by tumour associated macrophages (TAMs) that enforce pro-tumour mechanisms and suppress immunity. In pulmonary metastases, it is unclear whether TAMs comprise tissue resident or infiltrating, recruited macrophages; and the different expression patterns of these TAMs are not well established. Using the mouse melanoma B16F10 model of experimental pulmonary metastasis, we show that infiltrating macrophages (IM) change their gene expression from an early pro-inflammatory to a later tumour promoting profile as the lesions grow. In contrast, resident alveolar macrophages (AM) maintain expression of crucial pro-inflammatory/anti-tumour genes with time. During metastatic growth, the pool of macrophages, which initially contains mainly alveolar macrophages, increasingly consists of infiltrating macrophages potentially facilitating metastasis progression. Blocking chemokine receptor mediated macrophage infiltration in the lung revealed a prominent role for CCR2 in Ly6C+ pro-inflammatory monocyte/macrophage recruitment during metastasis progression, while inhibition of CCR2 signalling led to increased metastatic colony burden. CCR1 blockade, in contrast, suppressed late phase pro-tumour MR+Ly6C- monocyte/macrophage infiltration accompanied by expansion of the alveolar macrophage compartment and accumulation of NK cells, leading to reduced metastatic burden. These data indicate that IM has greater plasticity and higher phenotypic responsiveness to tumour challenge than AM. A considerable difference is also confirmed between CCR1 and CCR2 with regard to the recruited IM subsets, with CCR1 presenting a potential therapeutic target in pulmonary metastasis from melanoma.
Next-generation whole exome sequencing to delineate the genetic basis of primary congenital glaucoma
Authors: Rauf Bushra , Khan Shahid Y. , Jiao Xiaodong , Irum Bushra , Ashfaq Ramla , Zehra Mubashra , Khan Asma A. , Naeem Muhammad Asif , Shahzad Mohsin , Riazuddin Sheikh , Hejtmancik J. Fielding , Riazuddin S. Amer
Published: October 2022

To delineate the genetic bases of primary congenital glaucoma (PCG), we ascertained a large cohort consisting of 48 consanguineous families. Of these, we previously reported 26 families with mutations in CYP1B1 and six families with LTBP2, whereas the genetic bases responsible for PCG in 16 families remained elusive. We employed next-generation whole exome sequencing to delineate the genetic basis of PCG in four of these 16 familial cases. Exclusion of linkage to reported PCG loci was established followed by next-generation whole exome sequencing, which was performed on 10 affected individuals manifesting cardinal systems of PCG belonging to four unresolved families along with four control samples consisting of genomic DNAs of individuals harboring mutations in CYP1B1 and LTBP2. The analyses of sequencing datasets failed to identify potential causal alleles in the 10 exomes whereas c.1169G > A (p. Arg390His) in CYP1B1 and c.3427delC (p.Gln1143Argfs*35) in LTBP2 were identified in the control samples. Taken together, next-generation whole exome sequencing failed to delineate the genetic basis of PCG in familial cases excluded from mutations in CYP1B1 and LTBP2. These data strengthen the notion that compound heterozygous coding variants or non-coding variants might contribute to PCG.
Expression and regulation of recently discovered hyaluronidases, HYBID and TMEM2, in chondrocytes from knee osteoarthritic cartilage
Authors: Shiozawa Jun , de Vega Susana , Yoshinaga Chiho , Ji Xang , Negishi Yoshifumi , Momoeda Masahiro , Nakamura Tomomi , Yoshida Hiroyuki , Kaneko Haruka , Ishijima Muneaki , Okada Yasunori
Published: October 2022

Destruction of articular cartilage in osteoarthritis (OA) is initiated by depletion of the hyaluronan (HA)-aggrecan network, followed by degradation of the collagen fibrils. Previously, we reported the implications of HA-binding protein involved in HA depolymerization (HYBID), alias cell migration-inducing protein (CEMIP) and KIAA1199, for HA degradation. However, transmembrane protein 2 (TMEM2), which is ~ 50% homologous to HYBID, was discovered as another hyaluronidase, but their expression and regulation by OA chondrocytes remain elusive. Here we report that the absolute mRNA copy numbers of HYBID are significantly (7.1-fold) higher in OA cartilage than normal cartilage, whereas TMEM2 levels are not different between the groups. HA-degrading activity of cultured OA chondrocytes disappeared by siRNA-mediated knockdown of HYBID, but not TMEM2. HYBID expression was significantly up-regulated by treatment with interleukin-6 (IL-6) or tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and additively increased by the combined treatment. No significant changes in the TMEM2 expression were seen by the factors examined. IL-1α remarkably enhanced IL-6 production and increased HYBID expression when soluble IL-6 receptor was supplemented. These results demonstrate that in stark contrast to the constitutive expression of TMEM2 and its negligible HA-degrading activity, HYBID is overexpressed in OA cartilage and up-regulated by IL-6 and TNF-α in OA chondrocytes.
Ultrafast nanoscale exciton dynamics via laser-combined scanning tunneling microscopy in atomically thin materials
Authors: Mogi Hiroyuki , Arashida Yusuke , Kikuchi Ryusei , Mizuno Ryosuke , Wakabayashi Jun , Wada Naoki , Miyata Yasumitsu , Taninaka Atsushi , Yoshida Shoji , Takeuchi Osamu , Shigekawa Hidemi
Published: October 2022

Long-term stable excitons, bound pairs of electrons and holes, in van der Waals materials were found to be handled at room temperature, paving the way to develop optoelectronic/photonic devices for future high-speed communication technology. To miniaturize and integrate such functions to achieve highly efficient excitonic devices, understanding and manipulation of exciton dynamics in the nanoscale structures is absolutely essential. Since the spatial resolution of the optical techniques, which have been mainly used in the research of this field, is limited to μm to several tens of nm, the introduction of new technology is strongly desired. Here, we demonstrate a method to probe and visualize neutral excitons using the laser-combined multiprobe scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) system. Ultrafast dynamics of excitons in the nanostructures produced in an in-plane WS2/WSe2 heterostructure, such as dynamics in the ps region of many-body effects under high density and spatial variation in the effect of local defects on lifetime, was successfully revealed with a spatial resolution of 1 nm order. This method is expected to accelerate research on exciton dynamics and the development of applications directly based on the experimental results of nanoscale.
Composition space of PtIrPdRhRu high entropy alloy nanoparticles synthesized by solvothermal reactions
Authors: Bertelsen Andreas Dueholm , Hansen Alexander Reinhardt , Broge Nils Lau Nyborg , Mamakhel Aref , Bondesgaard Martin , Iversen Bo Brummerstedt
Published: October 2022

The available composition space of the high entropy alloy PtIrPdRhRu, synthesized under solvothermal conditions, has been explored varying precursor ratios.
Graphene oxide membranes with a confined mass transfer effect for Li+/Mg2+ separation: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Wu Jinman , Li Nan , Liu Shengkai , Shi Wenxiong , Min Chunying , Zhu Bo , Shao Ruiqi , Pei Xiaoyuan , Cai Zhijiang , Xu Zhiwei
Published: October 2022

Molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the influence of the confined mass transfer effect on the separation of Mg2+ and Li+ from graphene oxide membranes, both in terms of layer spacing and degree of oxidation.
Mixture screening strategy of efficient transition metal heteronuclear dual-atom electrocatalysts toward nitrogen fixation
Authors: Zhu Zhouhao , Chen Mengshan , Sun Mingyuzhi , Wang Jinhu , Zhou Yingtang , Li Xibao , Tao Hengcong
Published: October 2022

A simple mixture screening strategy is proposed to rapidly evaluate the NRR activity of M1M2-NC. VRu-NC exhibits a high NRR activity (UL = −0.21 V) and suppression of the competitive HER following the mixed mechanism.
Correction: CTL–doxorubicin (DOX)–gold complex nanoparticles (DOX–AuGCs): from synthesis to enhancement of therapeutic effect on liver cancer model
Authors: Liu Qiqian , Liu Hui , Sacco Pasquale , Djaker Nadia , Lamy de la Chapelle Marc , Marsich Eleonora , Li Xiaowu , Spadavecchia Jolanda
Published: October 2022

Correction for ‘CTL–doxorubicin (DOX)–gold complex nanoparticles (DOX–AuGCs): from synthesis to enhancement of therapeutic effect on liver cancer model’ by Qiqian Liu et al., Nanoscale Adv., 2020, 2, 5231–5241. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0NA00758G.
The structural feature of Ni–Al-LDH nanosheets and their adsorption performance for ethyl mercaptan from methane gas
Authors: Zhao Huijian , Hu Lifang , Wang Liping , Zhu Jichao , Cui Hongshan , He Jie
Published: October 2022

The adsorption of ethyl mercaptan (EM) on Ni–Al layered double hydroxide nanosheets (Ni–Al-LDH-NS) was investigated by an adsorption experiment on a fixed bed adsorption apparatus and density functional theory calculations (DFT).
Rh(ii)-catalyzed synthesis of 5H-isochromeno[3,4-b]indolizines from 4-diazoisochroman-3-imines and pyridines
Authors: Wang Yingxiao , Xie Jianwei , Lu Ping , Wang Yanguang
Published: October 2022

A Rh(ii)-catalyzed (3 + 2) annulation of pyridines with 4-diazoisochroman-3-imines furnished 5H-isochromeno[3,4-b]indolizines with moderate to good yields and complete regioselectivity.
An empirical model of theGaiaDR3 selection function
Authors: Cantat-Gaudin Tristan , Fouesneau Morgan , Rix Hans-Walter , Brown Anthony G. A. , Castro-Ginard Alfred , Kostrzewa-Rutkowska Zuzanna , Drimmel Ronald , Hogg David W. , Casey Andrew R. , Khanna Shourya , Oh Semyeong , Price-Whelan Adrian M. , Belokurov Vasily , Saydjari Andrew K. , Green G.
Published: October 2022

Interpreting and modelling astronomical catalogues requires an understanding of the catalogues’ completeness or selection function: what properties determine an object’s probability of being including in the catalogue? Here we set out to empirically quantify the completeness of the overall catalogue ofGaia’s third data release (DR3). This task is not straightforward becauseGaiais the all-sky optical survey with the highest angular resolution to date and no consistent ground truth exists to allow direct comparisons. However, well-characterised deeper imaging enables an empirical assessment ofGaia’sG-band completeness across parts of the sky. On this basis, we devised a simple analytical completeness model ofGaiaas a function of the observedGmagnitude and position over the sky, which accounts for both the effects of crowding and the complexGaiascanning law. Our model only depends on a single quantity: the median magnitudeM10in a patch of the sky of catalogued sources withastrometric_matched_transits≤10. We note thatM10reflects elementary completeness decisions in theGaiapipeline and is computable from theGaiaDR3 catalogue itself and therefore applicable across the whole sky. We calibrated our model using the Dark Energy Camera Plane Survey (DECaPS) and tested its predictions againstHubbleSpace Telescope observations of globular clusters. We found that our model predictsGaia’s completeness values to a few per cent (RMS) across the sky. We make the model available as a part of thegaiaunlimitedPython package built and maintained by the GaiaUnlimited project.
Probabilistic Safety Assessment for internal and external events on nuclear power plants and on mitigation strategies/H2020 European projects NARSIS, R2CA and BESEP
Authors: Foerster Evelyne , Girault Nathalie , Helminen Atte
Published: October 2022

The NARSIS project aimed at improving assessment methodologies to be integrated into “extended Probabilistic Safety Assessment” (PSA) procedures for nuclear plants in case of single, cascade and combined external natural events. An open-access framework tool has been released to build multi-hazard scenarios, and various risk integration approaches (e.g., Bayesian Networks) have been implemented and compared, identifying their advantages and limits for further collaborative research activities. The R2CA project aims at harmonizing the safety analysis methods for best estimate evaluations of the radiological consequences, in case of Design Basis Accidents and Design Extension Conditions without significant fuel melting. It is planned to improve models and upgrade existing simulation tools and calculation chains used in safety studies. Finally, the BESEP project is to support safety margin determination, by developing best practices for safety requirement verification against external hazards, using efficient and integrated set of Safety Engineering practices and PSA. The project is carried out in a benchmark exercise based on case studies previously performed by the consortium participants. All three projects aim to improve nuclear safety within the European research and development framework. The research objectives are achieved by the development and improvement of proven and justified safety assessment methodologies for the verification of stringent safety requirements of nuclear industry.
A Study on a New Computer Network-assisted English Teaching Model
Authors: Zhou Mei
Published: October 2022

With the integration of information technology and foreign language education, it has exerted a profound influence on foreign language learning, and has formed a new open, free and personalized foreign language learning system. In order to give full play to the advantages of computer network-assisted English teaching, it is necessary to take students' learning demands as the core and interpret correctly the multiple advantages of computer network-assisted English teaching, actively constructing a new model of computer network-assisted English teaching. Based on the analysis of the background of the development of computer network-assisted English teaching and the innovation of English teaching, this paper puts forward some strategies for constructing a new model of computer network-assisted English teaching.
Research on the Mechanism of Information Leadership on Information Technology Participation in Service Innovation
Authors: Yang Haiyan
Published: October 2022

The rapid development of information technology, for the overall promotion of service innovation provides a good development opportunity, but also put forward higher requirements for innovation capacity. As a key driving factor of development and innovation, information technology needs more attention. It leadership will accelerate the service process on the basis of promoting the strategic development, which will have a profound and positive impact on service innovation. Based on the study of the mechanism of information leadership in service innovation, this paper puts forward some suggestions to strengthen information construction and enhance innovation ability.
Research on Higher Vocational Computer Education Based on Big Data Background
Authors: Gan Dufen
Published: October 2022

With the application of big data technology becoming more and more mature, in the process of computer education in higher vocational colleges, we should adapt to the basic environment of the rapid development and application of intelligent technology, and stress the professional characteristics, it is necessary to work out a talent training plan that integrates big data and computer education in higher vocational colleges, reconstruct the computer education mode and teaching idea, and improve the training efficiency of computer talents in higher vocational colleges. Based on the big data environment, this paper puts forward the corresponding reform strategies in view of the practical problems existing in higher vocational computer education.
Digitalization Mining and Protection of Security Language Resources in Big Data Environment
Authors: Bai Aruna
Published: October 2022

The Baoan language is the language of the Chinese security people. It is also used in some parts of Monguor people. As an important carrier for the dissemination and inheritance of minority culture, it is of great practical significance to excavate and protect the resources of the security language. In the context of modern culture, the minority language, represented by the Baoan dialect, is facing a great survival crisis and communication pressure, and even is on the verge of being lost. Faced with the new big data environment, we should give full play to the technical advantages, use the digital way to excavate and protect the security language resources reasonably and scientifically, and ensure the security language to develop in an orderly way. By analyzing the current situation of security language resources and combining with big data environment, this paper puts forward the strategy of digitalization mining and protection of security language resources.
Research on Library Personalized Push System Based on Big Data Decision
Authors: Zheng Aiju
Published: October 2022

Big Data is the product of the rapid development and application of information technology, and it is also the inevitable trend of the development and application of intelligent technology. In the environment of big data, by giving full play to the advantages of big data decision-making system and actively constructing library personalized push system, we will break the foundation of Library Service Space and time, fully guarantee the information system and service ability of the library. In the process of operation, libraries should make full use of big data resources and accurately identify the service demand, reading behavior and individual characteristics of library users, innovate the Information Mode and personalized service method, continuously improve the user’s reading experience, improve the user relationship, thus form the accurate, personalized and intelligent book information service system.
The Value Orientation of Electronic Commerce Law Based on Computer Network
Authors: Qin Di , Mu Zhaonan , Yue Sijialu
Published: October 2022

In the era of legal globalization, e-commerce platform increasingly mature environment, in order to better meet the practical requirements of e-commerce activities, in the process of e-commerce legislation, practice, should always adhere to the value orientation of fair and equitable legal benefits, and by respecting the existing legal framework, integrate the operation and development environment of computer networks, and formulate e-commerce law in line with the modern e-commerce environment, effectively safeguard the order of e-commerce activities. Based on the analysis of the current situation of e-commerce practice and the legislation of e-commerce law, this paper puts forward the value orientation and practical suggestions of e-commerce law based on computer network.
Research on RFID Assisting the Intelligent Construction of University Library Information Resources
Authors: Yanxiang Lu
Published: October 2022

The application of RFID technology is growing fast in university libraries, mainly reflected in self-help borrowing and return, literature navigation, book inventory. Based on the application practice of RFID in Jianghan University Library, this paper explores the path and method of applying RFID technology in the intelligent construction of literature resources in university libraries, such as readers profile, resources profile, co-construction and sharing. RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is a kind of non-contact automatic identification technology. It realizes data exchange and automatic identification of targets by non-contact data communication and reading and writing by sending and receiving radio frequency signals and electronic tags. Unlike traditional barcodes based on optoelectronic principles, RFID tags do not require manual operations, but use wireless frequency communication for automatic identification, tracking and management.
Research on computer graphic and image design method based on visual communication technology
Authors: Zhang Wei-wei
Published: October 2022

The current computer graphics and image design is not only limited to the performance of images, more attention to visual communication, enhance the performance of images and visual communication effect. With the development and application of intelligent technology, the application of visual communication technology in computer graphic design will improve the aesthetic feeling of design works, at the same time, continue to enhance the ability of design appreciation and perception. By analyzing the overview of computer graphics and image design and Visual communication definition, and combining the relevant design elements, the paper analyzes the method of computer graphics and image design based on visual communication technology.
The application of Computer Information Technology in the analysis system of volleyball game technique and tactics
Authors: Li Jian
Published: October 2022

Volleyball is a very strong confrontation, with a series of basic techniques, complex tactical routines of the collective project. In order to improve the technical and tactical level of volleyball match, it is necessary to study the basic situation, law and development trend of the game. As the technical and tactical analysis of volleyball matches requires high professionalism and relatively complex data, it is necessary to actively explore the computer-aided application strategy. Through the establishment of volleyball game skills, tactics analysis system, provide more comprehensive and effective after the game for the learners of the skills and tactics evaluation model, in order to make up for and improve the level of volleyball game.
Research on the application of multimedia information technology in modern English situational teaching
Authors: Yang Jing
Published: October 2022

In the process of modern English teaching, teachers should not only explain the basic English theory to students, but also expand the teaching contents according to the students'training requirements, provide support for students to acquire richer knowledge content. In developing situational English teaching, we should make full use of the advantages of multimedia information technology in order to help students master all kinds of English knowledge and skills and understand the English application scene effectively, through the reconstruction of English classroom, the ideal effect of English teaching wisdom innovation can be realized. This paper analyzes the background of the application of multimedia information technology in modern English situational teaching, and puts forward some concrete application strategies.
Design and implementation of kindergarten information management system under the background of Internet
Authors: Ke Xinchen , Wu Jienan
Published: October 2022

With the development and application of the "double reduction" policy becoming more and more mature, and with the continuous advancement of Information Technology 2.0, we are making full use of information technology to promote the reform of kindergarten education and improve the quality of kindergarten running, it has become an important way to make full use of the advantages of information technology and adapt to the new trend of teaching reform. In order to improve the quality of kindergarten teaching, management and education, it is necessary to take the advantage of the application of Internet technology as the basis, and design a stable function and smooth interface kindergarten information management system, improving the quality of preschool education. Through the analysis of the background of the design of the kindergarten information management system under the internet background, this paper puts forward the system design ideas and implementation path.
Exploration and research on the construction of university faculty in the era of Big Data
Authors: Hu Huixiong
Published: October 2022

In the era of big data, in order to realize the ideal goal of establishing morality and cultivating people in colleges and universities, it is necessary to improve the intellectual education system and optimize the teaching staff in colleges and universities, we will promote the integration of artificial intelligence, big data, and the building of a highly qualified, intelligent, and professional teaching force to drive the strategy of building a strong country through education. Based on the realistic problems existing in the construction of university teachers in the era of big data, and combined with the requirements of all-round education in universities, this paper probes into the strategies of the construction of university teachers.
Research on the teaching innovation model of the integration of information technology and music education
Authors: Ma Erhong
Published: October 2022

In the environment of intelligent education, in order to comprehensively improve the quality of music education, we should adhere to the application advantages of information technology as the basis, by reconstructing the form of music education, optimizing the music teaching process, and enriching the music teaching materials, so that students can better understand music Teaching content, to achieve the essential innovation of music education model. Through the analysis of the current problems in music education, combined with the interpretation of the advantages of the integration of information technology and music education, a teaching innovation model of the integration of information technology and music education is proposed.
Research on remote education intelligent recommendation system of computer network Ancient Literature Resources Database
Authors: Gao Chenchen , Zhang Kai
Published: October 2022

With the development of intelligent education and the development of distance education becoming more and more intelligent and three-dimensional, an intelligent recommendation system is constructed on the basis of learners'individual demands, will achieve learning requirements and recommended content of the precise match. The construction of ancient literature resource database by means of computer network and the timely push of intelligent recommendation system to students will promote the essential change of distance education on the basis of reconstructing the ecology of distance education. This paper analyzes the significance of the remote education intelligent recommendation system of the computer network ancient literature resources database, and probes into the construction strategy of the remote education intelligent recommendation system of the computer network ancient literature resources database.