bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) based thin microgel films for use in cell culture applications
Authors: Sanzari Ilaria , Buratti Elena , Huang Ruomeng , Tusan Camelia G. , Dinelli Franco , Evans Nicholas D. , Prodromakis Themistoklis , Bertoldo Monica
Published: April 2020

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) is widely used to fabricate cell sheet surfaces for cell culturing, however copolymer and interpenetrated polymer networks based on PNIPAm have been rarely explored in the context of tissue engineering. Many complex and expensive techniques have been employed to produce PNIPAm-based films for cell culturing. Among them, spin coating has demonstrated to be a rapid fabrication process of thin layers with high reproducibility and uniformity. In this study, we introduce an innovative approach to produce anchored smart thin films both thermo- and electro-responsive, with the aim to integrate them in electronic devices and better control or mimic different environments for cells in vitro. Thin films were obtained by spin coating of colloidal solutions made by PNIPAm and PAAc nanogels. Anchoring the films to the substrates was obtained through heat treatment in the presence of dithiol molecules. From analyses carried out with AFM and XPS, the final samples exhibited a flat morphology and high stability to water washing. Viability tests with cells were finally carried out to demonstrate that this approach may represent a promising route to integrate those hydrogels films in electronic platforms for cell culture applications.
Defining the mechanism of the mitochondrial Atm1p [2Fe–2S] cluster exporter
Authors: Pearson Stephen A , Wachnowsky Christine , Cowan J A
Published: April 2020

Iron–sulfur cluster proteins play key roles in a multitude of physiological processes; including gene expression, nitrogen and oxygen sensing, electron transfer, and DNA repair. Biosynthesis of iron–sulfur clusters occurs in mitochondria on iron–sulfur cluster scaffold proteins in the form of [2Fe–2S] cores that are then transferred to apo targets within metabolic or respiratory pathways. The mechanism by which cytosolic Fe–S cluster proteins mature to their holo forms remains controversial. The mitochondrial inner membrane protein Atm1p can transport glutathione-coordinated iron–sulfur clusters, which may connect the mitochondrial and cytosolic iron–sulfur cluster assembly systems. Herein we describe experiments on the yeast Atm1p/ABCB7 exporter that provide additional support for a glutathione-complexed cluster as the natural physiological substrate and a reflection of the endosymbiotic model of mitochondrial evolution. These studies provide insight on the mechanism of cluster transport and the molecular basis of human disease conditions related to ABCB7. Recruitment of MgATP following cluster binding promotes a structural transition from closed to open conformations that is mediated by coupling helices, with MgATP hydrolysis facilitating the return to the closed state.
A mini mass spectrometer with a low noise Faraday detector
Authors: Tang Yang , Xu Qian , Li Dayu , Xu Wei
Published: April 2020

A low noise Faraday detector and a data processing method were developed for a miniature ion trap mass spectrometer.
Hydrothermal synthesis and tunable up-conversion white luminescence properties of KSc(MoO4)2:Ln3+(Ln = Yb, Er, Tm and Ho) crystals
Authors: Mao Yini , Jiang Li , Xian Pengfei , Fu Qiongfen , Hu Shanshan , Yang Jun
Published: April 2020

Pure hexagonal phase KSc(MoO4)2crystals with a hexagonal block shape were successfully synthesizedviaa one-step hydrothermal method.
New pronounced progress in the synthesis of group 5 polyoxometalates
Authors: Dopta Joanna , Mahnke Lisa K. , Bensch Wolfgang
Published: April 2020

This highlight summarizes new developments made in group 5 polyoxometalate science of high nuclearity clusters with focus on synthetic approaches.
Hygroscopic properties of NaCl nanoparticles on the surface: a scanning force microscopy study
Authors: Wang Xiaoxiang , Lei Haozhi , Berger Rüdiger , Zhang Yi , Su Hang , Cheng Yafang
Published: April 2020

We investigated the hygroscopic growth of sodium chloride (NaCl) nanoparticles with curvature related diameters ranging from 10 nm to 200 nm, at different relative humidities using scanning force microscopy.
Theoretical and experimental investigation on the intersystem crossing kinetics in benzothioxanthene imide luminophores, and their dependence on substituent effects
Authors: Galán Laura Abad , Andrés Castán José M. , Dalinot Clément , Marqués Pablo Simón , Blanchard Philippe , Maury Olivier , Cabanetos Clément , Le Bahers Tangui , Monnereau Cyrille
Published: April 2020

Substituent induced distortion effects play a crucial role in enhancing the intersystem crossing kinetics in benzothioxanthene imide derivatives.
3D silk fibroin/carbon nanotube array composite matrix for flexible solid-state supercapacitors
Authors: Yang Mingyue , Zeng Xian , Zhang Xiaohua , Yang Zhaohui
Published: April 2020

Silk fibroin decorates CNTA to form 3D microporous N-doped carbon frameworks for high-performance supercapacitors with high flexibility and wettability.
Access to SCN-containing thiazolines via electrochemical regioselective thiocyanothiocyclization of N-allylthioamides
Authors: Zhang Yan-An , Ding Zhong , Liu Peng , Guo Wei-Si , Wen Li-Rong , Li Ming
Published: April 2020

An electrochemical thiocyclization of N-allylthioamides has been developed for the synthesis of SCN-containing 2-thiazolines and NCS-containing thiazines.
Reading the phosphorylation code: binding of the 14-3-3 protein to multivalent client phosphoproteins
Authors: Sluchanko Nikolai N.
Published: April 2020

Many major protein–protein interaction networks are maintained by ‘hub’ proteins with multiple binding partners, where interactions are often facilitated by intrinsically disordered protein regions that undergo post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation. Phosphorylation can directly affect protein function and control recognition by proteins that ‘read’ the phosphorylation code, re-wiring the interactome. The eukaryotic 14-3-3 proteins recognizing multiple phosphoproteins nicely exemplify these concepts. Although recent studies established the biochemical and structural basis for the interaction of the 14-3-3 dimers with several phosphorylated clients, understanding their assembly with partners phosphorylated at multiple sites represents a challenge. Suboptimal sequence context around the phosphorylated residue may reduce binding affinity, resulting in quantitative differences for distinct phosphorylation sites, making hierarchy and priority in their binding rather uncertain. Recently, Stevers et al. [Biochemical Journal (2017) 474: 1273–1287] undertook a remarkable attempt to untangle the mechanism of 14-3-3 dimer binding to leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) that contains multiple candidate 14-3-3-binding sites and is mutated in Parkinson's disease. By using the protein-peptide binding approach, the authors systematically analyzed affinities for a set of LRRK2 phosphopeptides, alone or in combination, to a 14-3-3 protein and determined crystal structures for 14-3-3 complexes with selected phosphopeptides. This study addresses a long-standing question in the 14-3-3 biology, unearthing a range of important details that are relevant for understanding binding mechanisms of other polyvalent proteins.
A role for TGFβ signalling in medium spiny neuron differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Fjodorova Marija , Noakes Zoe , Li Meng
Published: April 2020

Activin A and other TGFβ family members have been shown to exhibit a certain degree of promiscuity between their family of receptors. We previously developed an efficient differentiation protocol using Activin A to obtain medium spiny neurons (MSNs) from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). However, the mechanism underlying Activin A-induced MSN fate specification remains largely unknown. Here we begin to tease apart the different components of TGFβ pathways involved in MSN differentiation and demonstrate that Activin A acts exclusively via ALK4/5 receptors to induce MSN progenitor fate during differentiation. Moreover, we show that Alantolactone, an indirect activator of SMAD2/3 signalling, offers an alternative approach to differentiate hPSC-derived forebrain progenitors into MSNs. Further fine tuning of TGFβ pathway by inhibiting BMP signalling with LDN193189 achieves accelerated MSN fate specification. The present study therefore establishes an essential role for TGFβ signalling in human MSN differentiation and provides a fully defined and highly adaptable small molecule-based protocol to obtain MSNs from hPSCs.
Design and analysis of interior permanent magnet machines equipped with novel semi‐overlapping windings
Authors: Gundogdu Tayfun , Komurgoz Guven
Published: April 2020

A novel winding topology comprising semi‐overlapped windings has been proposed in this study. The main advantages of such winding over conventional‐distributed (overlapping) and fractional‐concentrated (non‐overlapping) windings are having very short‐end winding lengths and significantly low magnetomotive force harmonic content, respectively. The key design rules, basic properties, and other merits and demerits of the proposed novel winding topology are justified. The key performance characteristics of the proposed winding topology are disclosed through an interior‐permanent magnet (IPM) machine. The obtained electromagnetic analysis results are compared with those of other IPM machines having conventional‐distributed and fractional‐concentrated windings. It has been demonstrated that the proposed winding topology promises significant superiorities such as improved efficiency with substantially reduced total axial length, low eddy current losses, and low risk of irreversible magnet demagnetisation over other winding topologies. The analysis is verified by finite‐element analysis results and experiments on a prototype novel semi‐overlapping winding IPM machine.
Comparative design methods of wireless power system for sensors with extended range using Class E inverter at a certain frequency
Authors: Wang Wei , Yang Jingyu , Wang Qi , Cao Weijie
Published: April 2020

This study investigates the comparative design method of a wireless power system to power sensors in an extended range when a Class E inverter is used at a certain frequency. It is known that the compatibility of the Class E inverter and the WPT system is the premise to incorporate them together. The relationship among different system parameters is discussed to ensure the soft switching of the Class E inverter. The constraints of parameter configurations are investigated by using the quality factor of the load as the criteria. A specific method of parameter configuration for classic WPT systems (E‐2CWPT and E‐3CWPT) is proposed by taking the soft switching of the Class E inverter, the overall efficiency and the charging power into account. The efficient transfer ranges for different types of WPT systems are then compared. The simulations and the experimental results show that the Class E‐3CWPT system has a more extended effective range and better transfer performances than the Class E‐2CWPT system at a certain frequency.
Partly isolated three‐port DC–DC converter based on impedance network
Authors: Bayat Pezhman , Baghramian Alfred
Published: April 2020

This study proposed a novel partly isolated three port converter (PITPC) based on a quasi‐Z source converter for photovoltaic applications. Compared with the conventional quasi‐Z source converter, the proposed DC–DC converter has dual input sources and uses the switched capacitors and coupled inductor techniques, helping the converter to gain a high voltage. To achieve the power flow control, the proposed converter uses only three power switches with low voltage stress and it is developed for hybridising photovoltaic panels, rechargeable batteries and isolated loads. For this purpose, the proposed PITPC can be easily reconfigured into dual‐input single‐output, single‐input dual‐output and single‐input single‐output modes; so it can even operate when the photovoltaic panel fails to provide energy to the load. Moreover, the study thoroughly discusses various converter operating modes and provides explanations and necessary relationships for circuit operations. The study also explains the control strategy as well as the pulse width modulation waveforms for the proposed converter. Simulation results from MATLAB/Simulink examine the proposed topology performance. The experimental results confirm the advantages claimed for the proposed converter; the results also show a well‐distributed efficiency curve and a peak of 96.3%.
Some multiple flow direction algorithms for overland flow on general meshes
Authors: Coatléven Julien
Published: April 2020

After recalling the most classical multiple flow direction algorithms (MFD), we establish their equivalence with a well chosen discretization of Manning–Strickler models for water flow. From this analogy, we derive a new MFD algorithm that remains valid on general, possibly non conforming meshes. We also derive a convergence theory for MFD algorithms based on the Manning–Strickler models. Numerical experiments illustrate the good behavior of the method even on distorted meshes.
High resolution time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with 11 eV laser pulses
Authors: Lee Changmin , Rohwer Timm , Sie Edbert J. , Zong Alfred , Baldini Edoardo , Straquadine Joshua , Walmsley Philip , Gardner Dillon , Lee Young S. , Fisher Ian R. , Gedik Nuh
Published: April 2020

Performing time- and angle-resolved photoemission (tr-ARPES) spectroscopy at high momenta necessitates extreme ultraviolet laser pulses, which are typically produced via high harmonic generation (HHG). Despite recent advances, HHG-based setups still require large pulse energies (from hundreds of μJ to mJ) and their energy resolution is limited to tens of meV. Here, we present a novel 11 eV tr-ARPES setup that generates a flux of 5 × 1010 photons/s and achieves an unprecedented energy resolution of 16 meV. It can be operated at high repetition rates (up to 250 kHz) while using input pulse energies down to 3 µJ. We demonstrate these unique capabilities by simultaneously capturing the energy and momentum resolved dynamics in two well-separated momentum space regions of a charge density wave material ErTe3. This novel setup offers the opportunity to study the non-equilibrium band structure of solids with exceptional energy and time resolutions at high repetition rates.
Solution-processed ITO thin-film transistors with doping of gallium oxide show high on-off ratios and work at 1 mV drain voltage
Authors: Wang Yafang , Wang Zhaogui , Huang Kairong , Liang Xiaoci , Liu Chenning , Chen Changdong , Liu Chuan
Published: April 2020

Indium tin oxide (ITO) is generally used as an electrode material but has recently been demonstrated to be a competitive candidate for use in semiconductor layers in high-performance thin-film transistors (TFTs), due to its high mobility and strong resistance to wet-etching. Here, we demonstrate TFTs using solution-processed, ultra-thin ITO films with outstanding switching performance. These devices exhibit a mobility of up to 15 cm2 V−1 s−1 and a high on-off ratio of 108. Because the device exhibits significant instability under stress tests, moderate doping with Ga as a dopant is introduced to form Ga-doped ITO TFTs. The resulting device has much enhanced stability, near-zero turn-on voltage, and a high on-off current ratio of 108. Through further involvement of an AlOx dielectric layer, the Ga-doped ITO TFTs exhibit a high apparent mobility of more than 40 cm2 V−1 s−1 and operate at small gate voltages (3 V). Remarkably, the device maintains an on-off ratio of over 104 at drain voltages as small as 1 mV.
Order and disorder at the C-face of SiC: A hybrid surface reconstruction
Authors: Machado-Charry Eduardo , González César , Dappe Yannick J. , Magaud Laurence , Mousseau Normand , Pochet Pascal
Published: April 2020

In this Letter, we explore the potential energy surface (PES) of the 3 × 3 C-face of SiC by means of the density functional theory. Following an extensive and intuitive exploration, we propose a model for this surface reconstruction based on an all-silicon over-layer forming an ordered honeycomb-Kagome network. This model is compared to the available scanning tunneling microscope (STM) topographies and conductance maps. Our STM simulations reproduce the three main characteristics observed in the measurements, revealing the underlying complex and hybrid passivation scheme. Indeed, below the ordered over-layer, the competition between two incompatible properties of silicon induces a strong disorder in the charge transfer between unpassivated dangling bonds of different chemistry. This effect in conjunction with the glassy-like character of the PES explains why it has taken decades to provide an accurate atomistic representation for this structure.
Forward modeling of Doppler velocity interferometer system for improved shockwave measurements
Authors: Erskine David J.
Published: April 2020

When near-instantaneous shocks are recorded by using a Doppler velocity interferometer velocity interferometer system for any reflector (VISAR), they typically exceed the detector’s ability to react and “skipped fringes” result, where its visibility briefly reduces. Traditionally, replacing skipped fringes required guesswork in analysis, which increased arrival time errors. Second, the use of long but velocity-sensitive interferometer delays with fast detectors which can resolve the delay has traditionally been avoided because of the fear of confusing the arrival time signal. However, shorter delays produce smaller fringe phase shifts per velocity and, thus, can decrease velocity precision. We realize that while some loss of fringe information occurs at shock events, this is often just a partial loss and the residual fringe information can still hold valuable information. We describe a forward model (FM) of the interferometer action and detector blurring that assists with VISAR fringe analysis at skipping events: (1) more precise shock arrival times, (2) arrival time precision not limited by long delays, and (3) improved ghost subtraction, which improves accuracy over a broad time region. We demonstrate the utility of a FM on National Ignition Facility and Laboratory for Laser Energetics Omega shots and discuss data process methods to increase the high time resolution of VISAR systems despite their limitations and complexities.
Global solutions to a model with Dirichlet boundary conditions for interface motion by interface diffusion
Authors: Bian Xingzhi , Luan Liping
Published: April 2020

We prove the global existence of weak solutions to an initial-boundary value problem for a new phase-field model, which is a system consisting of a degenerate parabolic equation of fourth-order for an order parameter coupled to a linear elasticity sub-system. This model is applied to describe, at the mesoscopic scale, the motion of grain boundaries in elastically deformable solids. One typical example of this process is sintering. The boundary conditions for this order parameter are of Dirichlet type.
Analytical model for gravity segregation of horizontal multiphase flow in porous media
Authors: Rabinovich Avinoam , Bedrikovetsky Pavel , Tartakovsky Daniel M.
Published: April 2020

Simultaneous horizontal injection of two immiscible fluids into a porous medium gives rise to three regions of constant saturation. Due to gravity impact, the region with fluid saturation reflecting the volume fraction and viscosity ratio of the injected fluids morphs into two horizontal layers fully saturated with one fluid or the other. The location of the discontinuity separating constant saturation regions is often estimated with the Stone–Jenkins (SJ) formula. Our numerical simulations of multiphase flow in porous media demonstrate that, for a wide range of hydraulic parameters of practical significance, the SJ formula has substantial error. We derive an approximate analytical solution, which neglects the vertical component of flow velocity and introduces a correction factor to enforce mass conservation. Comparison with numerical simulations reveals that our solution is accurate in the parameter regimes for which the SJ formula is not and vice versa. The two solutions are complementary, covering the entire range of physically realizable parameters.
The role of Ru passivation and doping on the barrier and seed layer properties of Ru-modified TaN for copper interconnects
Authors: Kondati Natarajan Suresh , Nies Cara-Lena , Nolan Michael
Published: April 2020

Size reduction of the barrier and liner stack for copper interconnects is a major bottleneck in further down-scaling of transistor devices. The role of the barrier is to prevent diffusion of Cu atoms into the surrounding dielectric, while the liner (also referred to as a seed layer) ensures that a smooth Cu film can be electroplated. Therefore, a combined barrier + liner material that restricts the diffusion of Cu into the dielectric and allows for copper electro-deposition is needed. In this paper, we have explored barrier + liner materials composed of 1 and 2 monolayers (MLs) of Ru-passivated ϵ-TaN and Ru doped ϵ-TaN and focused on their interactions with Cu through the adsorption of small Cu clusters with 1–4 atoms. Moreover, different doping patterns for Ru doping in TaN are investigated to understand how selective doping of the ϵ-TaN surface influences surface stability. We found that an increased concentration of Ru atoms in the outermost Ta layer improves the adhesion of Cu. The strongest binding of the Cu atoms was found on the 100% Ru doped surface followed by the 1 ML Ru passivated surface. These two surfaces are recommended for the combined barrier + liner for Cu interconnects. The closely packed arrangements of Cu were found to exhibit weak Cu–slab and strong Cu–Cu interactions, whereas the sparse arrangements of Cu exhibit strong Cu–slab and weak Cu–Cu interactions. The Cu atoms seem to bind more favorably when they are buried in the doped or passivated surface layer due to the increase in their coordination number. This is facilitated by the surface distortion arising from the ionic radius mismatch between Ta and Ru. We also show that the strong Cu–Cu interaction alone cannot predict the association of Cu atoms as a few 2D Cu clusters showed stronger Cu–Cu interaction than the 3D clusters, highlighting the importance of Cu–surface interactions.
Solid-like mean-square displacement in glass-forming liquids
Authors: Schrøder Thomas B. , Dyre Jeppe C.
Published: April 2020

It was recently shown that the real part of the frequency-dependent fluidity for several glass-forming liquids of different chemistry conforms to the prediction of the random barrier model (RBM) devised for ac electrical conduction in disordered solids [Bierwirth et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 248001 (2017)]. Inspired by these results, we introduce a crystallization-resistant modification of the Kob–Andersen binary Lennard-Jones mixture for which the results of extensive graphics-processing-unit-based molecular-dynamics simulations are presented. We find that the low-temperature mean-square displacement is fitted well by the RBM prediction, which involves no shape parameters. This finding highlights the challenge of explaining why a simple model based on hopping of non-interacting particles in a fixed random energy landscape with identical minima can reproduce the complex and highly cooperative dynamics of glass-forming liquids.
A novel calibration method for atmospheric NO3 radical via high reflectivity cavity
Authors: Wang Dan , Hu Renzhi , Xie Pinhua , Li Zhiyan
Published: April 2020

The NO3 radical is one of the important indicators of atmospheric oxidation capability at night, and its accurate detection has been extensively investigated. High reflectivity cavity instruments, such as cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) and cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (CEAS), are generally employed for NO3 radical detection. However, sampling detection easily adsorbs radicals on surfaces, which causes complications and even additional loss. According to the chemical conversion relationship between NO3 radical and NO2, a method of absolute calibration different from the previous relative calibration method is applied by combining the CRDS and CEAS instruments for the NO3 radical and NO2, respectively. Experimental results show that the overall transmission efficiency of the NO3 radical for the CRDS instrument is approximately 75% ± 9% at a flow rate of 6.5 SLPM. Comparative experiments between the two methods are conducted to estimate the accuracy of this method. The achieved results indicate that absolute calibration is a reliable and feasible method for radical calibration in the laboratory. Furthermore, the absolute calibration method has the potential to realize accurate real-time calibration in field measurements.
Signal processing techniques for efficient compilation of controlled rotations in trapped ions
Authors: Groenland Koen , Witteveen Freek , Schoutens Kareljan , Gerritsma Rene
Published: April 2020

Quantum logic gates with many control qubits are essential in many quantum algorithms, but remain challenging to perform in current experiments. Trapped ion quantum computers natively feature the Mølmer–Sørensen (MS) entangling operation, which effectively applies an Ising interaction to all pairs of qubits at the same time. We consider a sequence of equal all-to-all MS operations, interleaved with single-qubit gates that act only on one special qubit. Using a connection with quantum signal processing techniques, we find that it is possible to perform an arbitray SU(2) rotation on the special qubit if and only if all other qubits are in the state

1

. Such controlled rotation gates with N − 1 control qubits require 2N applications of the MS gate, and can be mapped to a conventional Toffoli gate by demoting a single qubit to ancilla.
Design of Branch Predictor Based on Jaccard Coefficient
Authors: Zhang YICHENG
Published: April 2020

Reasonable design of the branch predictor is one of the main factors that affect the performance of contemporary processors. In view of the fact that the high precision of existing single prediction algorithm is confined to the type of branch instructions, this paper proposes a composite branch prediction method with the combination of global predictor and local predictor. The branch selector based on Hamming distance and bitwise adder chooses the more rational prediction from local branch predictor and global branch predictor, leading to high-accuracy prediction about different types of branches. Results of functional simulation indicate that the composite branch predictor proposed in this paper can make highly precise prediction about various programs.
Application of Hybrid Intelligent Algorithms in Path Planning
Authors: Cuan Ying , Li Yike , Li Xiangjuan
Published: April 2020

Combining with the classical combinatorial optimization problem in the field of mathematics, this paper decides to take the optimal path planning problem as the research object. A new neighborhood search operator is introduced into the basic worker bee colony algorithm, and the optimization strategy of the algorithm is updated by combining the simulated annealing algorithm. Finally, the improved algorithm is applied to the optimal layout of the path planning, and the optimization results are compared with those of other algorithms. The simulation test shows that the intelligent optimization scheme proposed in this paper can get better optimization results, and has certain feasibility in the path planning. It provides valuable reference for solving the classical problems of the same type.
Office Garbage Intelligent Classification Based on Inception-v3 Transfer Learning Model
Authors: Feng Jie-wen , Tang Xiao-yu
Published: April 2020

With the increase in garbage production, the problem of garbage pollution is becoming more and more serious. Garbage recognition and classification can reduce the environmental burden, but there are still some challenges. Image classification, an image processing method that separates different categories of objects according to different characteristics reflected in the image information. This paper collected and produced an image data set with 2313 photos of different office garbage, and proposed an intelligent classification garbage can to solve the realistic problems. That method based on transfer techniques to retain the excellent feature extraction ability of the Inception-v3 model of TensorFlow, which can recognize objects through the convolutional neural network model. The experimental results showed that the garbage classification effect was obvious and the average accuracy rate reached 95.33%.
A Joint Learning Information Extraction Method Based on an Effective Inference Structure
Authors: Ma Shaopeng , Chen Xiong
Published: April 2020

Over the past few years, natural language processing is getting much attraction from more scholars and institutions. Knowledge graph has been regarded as a crucial role in pushing natural language understanding forward. The task of information extraction is the first step to build a large-scale knowledge graph, which means to identify information from the natural language text and extract it in the form of entity and relation triplets. Some joint learning method have been proposed in this domain recently. In this paper, we inherit the idea of joint learning, use a simple, lightweight but effective structure to solve this task and compare our method with some recent algorithms on the benchmark dataset NYT and WebNLG. Results show that our method can get an improvement in F1 score.
Towards The Development of a Smart Drone Police: Illustration in Traffic Speed Monitoring
Authors: Thoa Mac Thi , Copot Cosmin , Lin Chyi-Yeu , Hong Hai Hoang , Ionescu Clara M.
Published: April 2020

Applications, such as, mapping, highway traffic monitoring and punishment (drone police), surveillance, rescues, precision agriculture, medical resupply missions, require a stable mobile platform for remote sensing. Sensing is an important component to prevent traffic congestion and traffic monitor to make decision. This paper studies a smart drone police based on a unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV): Illustration in traffic speed monitoring. The using of a UAV instead of static cameras/sensors provide some advantages, such as, its super flexibility, real-time operations, rich information and low cost. The experiment is performed on a lab-scale system to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Image Defect Detection and Root Cause Analysis
Authors: Liu Tiancheng , Yu Haoran , Han Xu , Gu Haisong
Published: April 2020

Artificial Intelligence has played an increasingly important role in visual defect detection in recent years, while there are many challenges using deep learning for this application, such as the shortage of data, lack of knowledge of root cause of defects. In this paper, we combine deep learning with traditional AI methods, not only to solve unshaded defect detection but also find root causes of detected defects. First, we propose a taxonomy method called DataonomySM to extend a meta defect dataset with a small number of samples and a deep learning method to detect the image defects. For detected defect images, we use a generalized multi-image matting algorithm to extract common defects automatically. We apply this technology to identify defects that stem from systematic errors in a product line and later extended its use to watermark processing. Experimental results have shown great capability and versatility of our proposed methods.
Abnormal Behavior Detection Based on the Potential Field Forces in Surveillance Scenarios
Authors: Qiang Yong , Fei Shumin , Li Liuwen
Published: April 2020

In a social environment, there is a natural mutual force between people. This paper proposes a method for detecting group abnormal behavior based on the potential field method. The movement of a pedestrian is described as the movement towards the target under the combined action of several forces. Forces on pedestrians include the attractive force for themselves and the repulsive force between pedestrians. By calculating the resultant force between them, the behavior of pedestrians is judged according to a set threshold. It is verified through experiments on public data sets that our method has high accuracy and robustness.
A Review: Robust Locomotion for Biped Humanoid Robots
Authors: Xie Ye , Lou Bin , Xie Anhuan , Zhang Dan
Published: April 2020

One of the most interesting and pressing challenges in the study on biped humanoid robots is to achieve high robustness in locomotion. This paper presents a brief overview of work and methods on robust walking and running for bipedal robots. So far, many robust walking methods have been proposed to reject terrain disturbances and impulsive force disturbances. The applications of the proposed methods to real robots improve the robustness and adaptivity of robots by large margin. Up to now, bipedal robots can traverse unknown terrains with ground variation exceeding 20% of leg length. The height of obstacles increases more than threefold compared to decades ago. With regards to unexpected external force, bipedal robots can recover the balance from sudden push not only at stationary state, but also during the walk. On the other hand, the biped running is underdeveloped compared to the robust walking. Still the highest running speed is less than 3.0 m/s, not to mention the poor robustness to large disturbances.
S & T interventions on quality planting material production of Batikuling (Litsea leytensis Merr.) for the wood-based industry of Paete, Laguna, Philippines
Authors: Gutierrez K E , Tinamisan E J , Dimailig E A , Durante W S , Gatson C V , Nolasco A M , Ravanzo J V , Maldia L SJ
Published: April 2020

The production of high quality planting stocks should not be dependent on the volume and seasonal availability of the seeds of the target forest tree species to be planted. Adopting a scientific way of producing and conserving indigenous forest trees for agroforestry could prevent the use of inferior planting materials. Quality planting material production of a threatened indigenous forest tree species like Batikuling (Litsea leytensis Merr.) is necessary to increase its declining population in forestlands. Wood of Batikuling is used in Paete, Laguna for carving statues, architectural additions, and souvenirs that are known in the country and the world. With the existing clonal forestry facility of Southern Luzon State University, the tree species was produced through vegetative reproduction and raised in a nursery adopting the tested protocol. The process will assure the production of the needed volumes of quality planting stocks at any time of the year without waiting for the flowering or fruiting of forest trees in the wild. The project encouraged greater participation from the local government unit, tree farmers and youth as they showcased their contribution in conserving this important indigenous tree species to increase economic productivity while securing sustainability of ecological services.
Effect of ultraviolet-C treatments and storage room condition on the respiration rate, weight loss, and color change of Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) during storage
Authors: Fauziah P Y , Bintoro N , Karyadi J N W
Published: April 2020

Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) is one of Indonesia’smain agricultural commodities that has many benefits and high economy value. However, this commodity is very easily damaged after being harvested, such as high weight loss, fungal attacks, sprouting, and decay. UV-C treatments is one of technologies that can be used to maintain the quality of agricultural products, safely and non-toxic. UV-C treatments, in measureable doses, capable to inhibit the growth of microbial contaminants that cause damage, so it can reduce the rate of quality deterioration. During the process, an ionization process will occur which can cause collisions of chemical bonds in DNA molecules, this reaction will inhibit microbial growth in irradiated material. When the irradiation process is stopped, there is no negative energy left, in other words, the irradiation process does not result in food being radioactive or contaminated by radiation. This study was intended to evaluate the effect of combination treatment, between the duration of ultraviolet-C irradiation and room storage temperature on the respiration rate, weight loss, and color change on shallots during storage. The material used in this study was fresh shallots which had been cleaned from roots and leaves, then treated with UV-C for 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 90 minutes. Shallots that had been treated by UV-C were stored at various room storage condition, T 5°C-RH 93.5%, T 10°C-RH 45.5%, and T 28°C-RH 76.1% (room temperature). Quality parameters, include respiration rate, weight loss, and color change observed every 1 week for 12 weeks. The results showed that the combination of ultraviolet-C irradiation treatment and low temperature room storage was able to inhibit the respiration rate (p < 0.05), and inhibit the weight loss of shallots during storage for 12 weeks (p < 0.05). The peel color of shallots was significantly affected by room storage temperature, but wasn’t significantly affected by UV-C treatment. So that this method was considered capable of being applied to maintain the quality of the shallots during storage.
Modification of nanochitosan with NaCl and surfactant for wood preservative
Authors: Primaningtyas A , Listyanto T , Lukmandaru G , Weasa B M
Published: April 2020

Chitosan is a natural preservative which is really potential termicide to resist attack termites. Chitosan in size nanometers (nanochitosan) is expected to improve the effectiveness of the nature of anti-termite properties. The smaller size of particles has advantage to easily penetrate the wood pores. Nanochitosan was modified with surfactants (polysorbate-20 and polysorbate-80) and NaCl to increase retention and penetration of preservatives and its anti-termite properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of surfactant and NaCl on the parameters of preservation tests which included absorption, retention and termite mortality, and particle size data as supporting data. The average value of absorption and retention of preservatives ranged from 105.79-124.43 kg/m3 and 9.18-18.26 kg/m3. The termite mortality was 33.11-46.89 % for 4 weeks of observation. Data were analyzed using variance analysis (ANOVA) to determine the significance of each treatment. It showed that polysorbate had significant effect to the absorption of preservatives and termite mortality while the retention was influenced by the type and concentration of surfactants. The treatments with the various single compounds showed that both surfactants had a significant effect on absorption, whereas polysorbate-20 had a significant effect on all treatment interactions, and NaCl treatment significantly affected the termite mortality. It was thought that he surfactant treatments increased the retention of nanochitosan by hydrophobic interactions whereas the addition of NaCl increased anti-termite properties and made particles smaller and stable which caused in higher retention. In this study, nanochitosan had an average size of 233 - 798 nm.
Weed extracts as potential biopesticides against Cabbage black rot in an upland of Southern Philippines
Authors: Marin M B , Bautista C V
Published: April 2020

. In vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate different plant parts of Solanum biflorum Lour. in combination with Lantana camara Linn. as biopesticide against black rot of cabbage. There were nine treatments replicated three times. The least disease severity rating was consistently observed in T4 (fruits of S. biflorum + leaves of L. camara) which was comparable to T1 (Kocide) at 14, 21 and 28 Days After Treatment (DAT). Highly significant variation was observed among means on the number of harvested heads, weight of cabbage and adjusted yield per hectare. Furthermore, T1 (Kocide) and T4 (fruits of S. biflorum + L. camara leaves) had the most number of harvested heads comparable to T6 (roots of S. biflorum + leaves of L. camara). On the adjusted yield per hectare, T1 (Kocide) had the highest yield of 16,800 kg/ha which differed significantly from the other treatments. Among the extracts, T4 (fruits of S. biflorum + leaves of L. camara had the highest mean of 9,600 kg/ha comparable to T6 (roots of S. biflorum) with 9,200 kg/ha. Based on the results, the fruits of S. biflorum and L. camara leaves proved effective in the control of black rot of cabbage.
Development of agroforestry oil palm for peatland restoration in Jambi Province: establishing process and initial results
Authors: Sundawati L , Pamoengkas P , Siregar I Z , Mardhatillah M , Rangkuti AB , Hartoyo A P P , Fadillah A
Published: April 2020

Rapid degradation of peatland forest in Indonesia is caused by conversion into plantation forest and agriculture land, including oil palm plantation by farmers. Restoration of peatland is then needed with involvement of local farmers as main stakeholder. This paper presents establishment process and initial result from an action research on peatland restoration using biodiversity enrichment experiment in existing oil palm smallholder plantation to develop oil palm agroforestry. The experiment was established in Sinar Wajo Village, Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency, Jambi Province in which 30 plots in sizes of 25m2, 100 m2, and 400 m2 placed systematically over about 21 ha oil palm plantation belong to a group of farmers. There were 1,180 trees of 6 species, i.e. blangeran (Shorea blangeran), pinang (Areca pinanga), petai (Parkia speciosa), durian (Durio zibethinus), jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum), and kopi liberika (Coffea liberica) with 0, 3, and 6 diversity levels, created tree island on the sea of oil palms. Approach to local leaders was very important for the initiation of the action research. Focus group discussion with farmer group, provision of seedlings and labour wages were conducted to ensure farmer willingness of participation. Capacity building, such as training on tree cultivation, bio-fertilizer production and study tour was conducted as incentive for farmers. The initial result of plant growth measurement from experiment plots showed 21 months after planting many planted trees grew well. Blangeran as native species of peatland forest showed the best growth performance. Pinang, Kopi Liberika and Durian were also showed relatively good growth performance. Only Petai and Jengkol showed less growth performance. High farmer participation on the establishment of oil palm agroforestry as peatland restoration model was mostly driven by provision of incentives. Oil palm agroforestry is a promising model for restoration of already planted by oil palm peatland area, and involving farmers is important factor for the success of peatland restoration through appropriate social approaches.
Telajakan and mixed gardens landscape as household based agroforestry supports environmental aesthetics and religious ceremonies in Bali
Authors: Purba J H , Manik I W Y , Sasmita N , Komara L L
Published: April 2020

Telajakan and mixed gardens are land management systems in Bali. The existing plants are a combination of tree plants, shrubs, palms, bamboo and others by combining agricultural crops and or livestock. This practice is found in one land management unit to the landscape of rural agroecosystems. In the agroforestry system, this system is more of a family-based activity (household-based agroforestry). This study discusses and examines the value of plant species, as well as the benefits for the household level in Tabanan Bali. The study was conducted from January to June 2019 in Pinge Village, Tabanan Regency, Bali, which is a village that provides green space and the beauty of environmental aesthetics. Observation of various species of plants was carried out using Quick Biodiversity Survey (QBS) method, the complementary of the Rapid Agro Biodiversity Appraisal (RABA) method. The observations were carried out on 40 plots representing agroforestry land-use systems. The results showed that the biodiversity and species richness level belonged to the medium category. There are 55 plant species from a combination of agricultural and forest plants. The vegetation structure of Telajakan and mixed gardens guarantees a natural regeneration process. Telajakan and mixed gardens cause the development of commercial species with high economic value and fast-growing species. The plants used by the community for aesthetics, religious ceremonies, food, medicines, building materials, and household utensils. Most of the purposes of use are for green open spaces and environmental aesthetics, subsistence consumption. The results of other plants that are useful for commercial purposes are special crops that are cultivated intensively. The community believes that by observing the environment and the aesthetics of nature is the realization of worship in the relationship between humans, nature and God (Tri Hita Karana).
Geochemistry features of sediments of small urban arctic Lake Komsomolskoye, Murmansk region
Authors: Slukovskii Z. I. , Dauvalter V.A. , Denisov D.B. , Siroezhko E.V. , Cherepanov A.A.
Published: April 2020

First data of geochemistry and mineralogy of recent sediments of small Lake Komsomolskoye located in Monchegorsk town from Murmansk region (Russia) are presented. The high concentrations of heavy metals were found in surface layers of researched lake sediments. The most accumulation level is initialled for copper and nickel, which are entered to lake from copper-nickel plant complex situated near the arctic town. Other metals also can enter to waterbody in result of activity of this factory complex. In addition, lead, cadmium, antimony, thallium and other elements may be products of the atmospheric transport of pollutants from industries of North and East Europe. Moreover, we have studied main fractions of heavy metals from upper layers of Lake Komsomolskoye and morphology and composition of technogenic particles of nickel, copper, iron and other metals. The origin of these particles is directly associated with the different stages of processing technology of nickel and copper ore on the copper-nickel plant complex (crushing, flotation, roasting, and smelting).
Spacing optimization of horizontal wells in Pu 34 tight oil reservoir of Daqing oilfield
Authors: Liu Lifeng , Ran Qiquan , Kong Jinping , Wang Xin
Published: April 2020

The geological conditions of Fuyu tight reservoirs in Pu34 well area of Daqing Oilfield are complex. The drainage area of horizontal wells with hydraulic fracturing under different well distribution methods is not clear, and the reasonable well spacing is difficult to determine. Based on the study of the geological characteristics and engineering parameters of the Pu34 well area, this paper establishes the multi-medium geological models of different scales for fluvial sediments in Fuyu reservoir, and studied the reasonable well spacing under different well distribution modes by numerical simulation. The results shown that the development effect of well distribution along the channel direction is better than that along the cutting channel direction. The optimum well spacing along the channel direction is 1800m, and the optimum well spacing along the cutting channel direction is 500m. This research provides a basis for the arrangement of horizontal wells in Fuyu tight oil reservoirs of Daqing Oilfield.