bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of Improved Two-Stage Dual-Conv Coordinate Attention Model for Sound Event Detection and Localization
Authors: Chen Guorong , Yu Yuan , Qiao Yuan , Yang Junliang , Du Chongling , Qian Zhang , Huang Xiao
Published: August 2024

Sound Event Detection and Localization (SELD) is a comprehensive task that aims to solve the subtasks of Sound Event Detection (SED) and Sound Source Localization (SSL) simultaneously. The task of SELD lies in the need to solve both sound recognition and spatial localization problems, and different categories of sound events may overlap in time and space, making it more difficult for the model to distinguish between different events occurring at the same time and to locate the sound source. In this study, the Dual-conv Coordinate Attention Module (DCAM) combines dual convolutional blocks and Coordinate Attention, and based on this, the network architecture based on the two-stage strategy is improved to form the SELD-oriented Two-Stage Dual-conv Coordinate Attention Model (TDCAM) for SELD. TDCAM draws on the concepts of Visual Geometry Group (VGG) networks and Coordinate Attention to effectively capture critical local information by focusing on the coordinate space information of the feature map and dealing with the relationship between the feature map channels to enhance the feature selection capability of the model. To address the limitation of a single-layer Bi-directional Gated Recurrent Unit (Bi-GRU) in the two-stage network in terms of timing processing, we add to the structure of the two-layer Bi-GRU and introduce the data enhancement techniques of the frequency mask and time mask to improve the modeling and generalization ability of the model for timing features. Through experimental validation on the TAU Spatial Sound Events 2019 development dataset, our approach significantly improves the performance of SELD compared to the two-stage network baseline model. Furthermore, the effectiveness of DCAM and the two-layer Bi-GRU structure is confirmed by performing ablation experiments.
A Real-Time Intelligent Valve Monitoring Approach through Cameras Based on Computer Vision Methods
Authors: Zhang Zihui , Zhou Qiyuan , Jin Heping , Li Qian , Dai Yiyang
Published: August 2024

Abnormal valve positions can lead to fluctuations in the process industry, potentially triggering serious accidents. For processes that frequently require operational switching, such as green chemical processes based on renewable energy or biotechnological fermentation processes, this issue becomes even more severe. Despite this risk, many plants still rely on manual inspections to check valve status. The widespread use of cameras in large plants now makes it feasible to monitor valve positions through computer vision technology. This paper proposes a novel real-time valve monitoring approach based on computer vision to detect abnormalities in valve positions. Utilizing an improved network architecture based on YOLO V8, the method performs valve detection and feature recognition. To address the challenge of small, relatively fixed-position valves in the images, a coord attention module is introduced, embedding position information into the feature channels and enhancing the accuracy of valve rotation feature extraction. The valve position is then calculated using a rotation algorithm with the valve’s center point and bounding box coordinates, triggering an alarm for valves that exceed a pre-set threshold. The accuracy and generalization ability of the proposed approach are evaluated through experiments on three different types of valves in two industrial scenarios. The results demonstrate that the method meets the accuracy and robustness standards required for real-time valve monitoring in industrial applications.
Real-Time Optical Fiber Salinity Interrogator Based on Time-Domain Demodulation and TPMF Incorporated Sagnac Interferometer
Authors: Lin Weihao , Zhao Fang , Hu Jie , Liu Yuhui , Xu Renan , Chen Xingwei , Shao Liyang
Published: August 2024

A novel demodulation scheme for a point-type fiber sensor is designed for salinity concentration monitoring based on a Sagnac interferometer (SI) composed of a tapered polarization-maintaining fiber (TPMF) and optical time stretching technology. The SI, constructed using a PMF with a taper region of 5.92 μm and an overall length of 30 cm, demonstrated a notable enhancement in the evanescent field, which intensifies the interaction between the light field and external salinity. This enhancement allows for a direct assessment of salinity concentration changes by analyzing the variations in the SI reflection spectra and the experimental results indicate that the sensitivity of the sensor is 0.151 nm/‰. In contrast to traditional fiber optic sensors that depend on spectral demodulation with slower response rates, this work introduces a new approach where the spectral shift is translated to the time domain, utilizing a dispersion compensation fiber (DCF) with the demodulation rate reaching up to 50 MHz. The experimental outcomes reveal that the sensor exhibits a sensitivity of −0.15 ns/‰ in the time domain. The designed sensor is anticipated to play a pivotal role in remote, real-time monitoring of ocean salinity.
Elevating Detection Performance in Optical Remote Sensing Image Object Detection: A Dual Strategy with Spatially Adaptive Angle-Aware Networks and Edge-Aware Skewed Bounding Box Loss Function
Authors: Yan Zexin , Fan Jie , Li Zhongbo , Xie Yongqiang
Published: August 2024

In optical remote sensing image object detection, discontinuous boundaries often limit detection accuracy, particularly at high Intersection over Union (IoU) thresholds. This paper addresses this issue by proposing the Spatial Adaptive Angle-Aware (SA3) Network. The SA3 Network employs a hierarchical refinement approach, consisting of coarse regression, fine regression, and precise tuning, to optimize the angle parameters of rotated bounding boxes. It adapts to specific task scenarios using either class-aware or class-agnostic strategies. Experimental results demonstrate its effectiveness in significantly improving detection accuracy at high IoU thresholds. Additionally, we introduce a Gaussian transform-based IoU factor during angle regression loss calculation, leading to the development of Edge-aware Skewed Bounding Box Loss (EAS Loss). The EAS loss enhances the loss gradient at the final stage of angle regression for bounding boxes, addressing the challenge of further learning when the predicted box angle closely aligns with the real target box angle. This results in increased training efficiency and better alignment between training and evaluation metrics. Experimental results show that the proposed method substantially enhances the detection accuracy of ReDet and ReBiDet models. The SA3 Network and EAS loss not only elevate the mAP of the ReBiDet model on DOTA-v1.5 to 78.85% but also effectively improve the model’s mAP under high IoU threshold conditions.
Long-Range Imaging of Alpha Emitters Using Radioluminescence in Open Environments: Daytime and Night-Time Applications
Authors: Kong Lingteng , Scott Thomas Bligh , Day John Charles Clifford , Megson-Smith David Andrew
Published: August 2024

Alpha emitters like plutonium pose severe health risks when ingested, damaging DNA and potentially causing cancer. Traditional detection methods require proximity within millimeters of the contamination source, presenting safety risks and operational inefficiencies. Long-range detection through alpha radioluminescence (RL) offers a promising alternative. However, most of the previous experiments have been carried out under controlled conditions that preclude the overwhelming effect of ambient light. This study demonstrates the successful detection of a 3 MBq alpha emitter in an open environment using a compact alpha camera. This camera incorporates a deep-cooled CCD and a low f-number lens system designed to minimize the blue shift effects of filters. Night-time imaging was achieved with a dual-filter system using a sandwich filter assembly centered at 337 nm and 343 nm for capturing alpha RL and subtracting background light, respectively. At night, the alpha source was detected from 1 m away within one minute, and the lowest detection limit can be calculated as 75 kBq. The system was also evaluated under simulated urban lighting conditions. For daytime imaging, a stack of tilted 276 nm short pass filters minimized sunlight interference, enabling the detection of the alpha source at 70 cm within 10 min under indirect sunlight. This research highlights the viability of long-range optical detection of alpha emitters for environmental monitoring in real-world settings.
Low-Cost and Paper-Based Micro-Electromechanical Systems Sensor for the Vibration Monitoring of Shield Cutters
Authors: Zhang Yazhou , Li Xinggang , Fu Jiangfan , Liu Linpeng , Zhang Changchao , Duan Ji’an
Published: August 2024

Vibration sensors are widely used in many fields like industry, agriculture, military, medicine, environment, etc. However, due to the speedy upgrading, most sensors composed of rigid or even toxic materials cause pollution to the environment and give rise to an increased amount of electronic waste. To meet the requirement of green electronics, biodegradable materials are advocated to be used to develop vibration sensors. Herein, a vibration sensor is reported based on a strategy of pencil-drawing graphite on paper. Specifically, a repeated pencil-drawing process is carried out on paper with a zigzag-shaped framework and parallel microgrooves, to form a graphite coating, thus serving as a functional conductive layer for electromechanical signal conversion. To enhance the sensor’s sensitivity to vibration, a mass is loaded in the center of the paper, so that higher oscillation amplitude could happen under vibrational excitation. In so doing, the paper-based sensor can respond to vibrations with a wide frequency range from 5 Hz to 1 kHz, and vibrations with a maximum acceleration of 10 g. The results demonstrate that the sensor can not only be utilized for monitoring vibrations generated by the knuckle-knocking of plastic plates or objects falling down but also can be used to detect vibration in areas such as the shield cut head to assess the working conditions of machinery. The paper-based MEMS vibration sensor exhibits merits like easy fabrication, low cost, and being environmentally friendly, which indicates its great application potential in vibration monitoring fields.
Bengali-Sign: A Machine Learning-Based Bengali Sign Language Interpretation for Deaf and Non-Verbal People
Authors: Raihan Md. Johir , Labib Mainul Islam , Jim Abdullah Al Jaid , Tiang Jun Jiat , Biswas Uzzal , Nahid Abdullah-Al
Published: August 2024

Sign language is undoubtedly a common way of communication among deaf and non-verbal people. But it is not common among hearing people to use sign language to express feelings or share information in everyday life. Therefore, a significant communication gap exists between deaf and hearing individuals, despite both groups experiencing similar emotions and sentiments. In this paper, we developed a convolutional neural network–squeeze excitation network to predict the sign language signs and developed a smartphone application to provide access to the ML model to use it. The SE block provides attention to the channel of the image, thus improving the performance of the model. On the other hand, the smartphone application brings the ML model close to people so that everyone can benefit from it. In addition, we used the Shapley additive explanation to interpret the black box nature of the ML model and understand the models working from within. Using our ML model, we achieved an accuracy of 99.86% on the KU-BdSL dataset. The SHAP analysis shows that the model primarily relies on hand-related visual cues to predict sign language signs, aligning with human communication patterns.
Improved Unsupervised Stitching Algorithm for Multiple Environments SuperUDIS
Authors: Wu Haoze , Bao Chun , Hao Qun , Cao Jie , Zhang Li
Published: August 2024

Large field-of-view images are increasingly used in various environments today, and image stitching technology can make up for the limited field of view caused by hardware design. However, previous methods are constrained in various environments. In this paper, we propose a method that combines the powerful feature extraction capabilities of the Superpoint algorithm and the exact feature matching capabilities of the Lightglue algorithm with the image fusion algorithm of Unsupervised Deep Image Stitching (UDIS). Our proposed method effectively improves the situation where the linear structure is distorted and the resolution is low in the stitching results of the UDIS algorithm. On this basis, we make up for the shortcomings of the UDIS fusion algorithm. For stitching fractures of UDIS in some complex situations, we optimize the loss function of UDIS. We use a second-order differential Laplacian operator to replace the difference in the horizontal and vertical directions to emphasize the continuity of the structural edges during training. Combined with the above improvements, the Super Unsupervised Deep Image Stitching (SuperUDIS) algorithm is finally formed. SuperUDIS has better performance in both qualitative and quantitative evaluations compared to the UDIS algorithm, with the PSNR index increasing by 0.5 on average and the SSIM index increasing by 0.02 on average. Moreover, the proposed method is more robust in complex environments with large color differences or multi-linear structures.
Bio-Inspired Energy-Efficient Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for the IoT in Disaster Scenarios
Authors: Ahmed Shakil , Hossain Md Akbar , Chong Peter Han Joo , Ray Sayan Kumar
Published: August 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a promising technology for sensing and monitoring the environment to reduce disaster impact. Energy is one of the major concerns for IoT devices, as sensors used in IoT devices are battery-operated. Thus, it is important to reduce energy consumption, especially during data transmission in disaster-prone situations. Clustering-based communication helps reduce a node’s energy decay during data transmission and enhances network lifetime. Many hybrid combination algorithms have been proposed for clustering and routing protocols to improve network lifetime in disaster scenarios. However, the performance of these protocols varies widely based on the underlying network configuration and the optimisation parameters considered. In this research, we used the clustering parameters most relevant to disaster scenarios, such as the node’s residual energy, distance to sink, and network coverage. We then proposed the bio-inspired hybrid BOA-PSO algorithm, where the Butterfly Optimisation Algorithm (BOA) is used for clustering and Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) is used for the routing protocol. The performance of the proposed algorithm was compared with that of various benchmark protocols: LEACH, DEEC, PSO, PSO-GA, and PSO-HAS. Residual energy, network throughput, and network lifetime were considered performance metrics. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm effectively conserves residual energy, achieving more than a 17% improvement for short-range scenarios and a 10% improvement for long-range scenarios. In terms of throughput, the proposed method delivers a 60% performance enhancement compared to LEACH, a 53% enhancement compared to DEEC, and a 37% enhancement compared to PSO. Additionally, the proposed method results in a 60% reduction in packet drops compared to LEACH and DEEC, and a 30% reduction compared to PSO. It increases network lifetime by 10–20% compared to the benchmark algorithms.
Filter Cake Neural-Objective Data Modeling and Image Optimization
Authors: Wayo Dennis Delali Kwesi , Irawan Sonny , Satyanaga Alfrendo , Kim Jong , Bin Mohamad Noor Mohd Zulkifli , Rasouli Vamegh
Published: August 2024

Designing drilling mud rheology is a complex task, particularly when it comes to preventing filter cakes from obstructing formation pores and making sure they can be easily decomposed using breakers. Incorporating both multiphysics and data-driven numerical simulations into the design of mud rheology experiments creates an additional challenge due to their symmetrical integration. In this computational intelligence study, we introduced numerical validation techniques using 498 available datasets from mud rheology and images from filter cakes. The goal was to symmetrically predict flow, maximize filtration volume, monitor void spaces, and evaluate formation damage occurrences. A neural-objective and image optimization approach to drilling mud rheology automation was employed using an artificial neural network feedforward (ANN-FF) function, a non-ANN-FF function, an image processing tool, and an objective optimization tool. These methods utilized the Google TensorFlow Sequential API-DNN architecture, MATLAB-nftool, the MATLAB-image processing tool, and a single-objective optimization algorithm. However, the analysis emanating from the ANN-FF and non-ANN-FF (with neurons of 10, 12, and 18) indicated that, unlike non-ANN-FF, ANN-FF obtained the highest correlation coefficient of 0.96–0.99. Also, the analysis of SBM and OBM image processing revealed a total void area of 1790 M µm2 and 1739 M µm2, respectively. Both SBM and OBM exhibited notable porosity and permeability that contributed to the enhancement of the flow index. Nonetheless, this study did reveal that the experimental-informed single objective analysis impeded the filtration volume; hence, it demonstrated potential formation damage. It is, therefore, consistent to note that automating flow predictions from mud rheology and filter cakes present an alternative intelligence method for non-programmers to optimize drilling productive time.
Global Dynamics of Gastrointestinal Colonisations and Antimicrobial Resistance: Insights from International Travellers to Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Seijas-Pereda Laura , Carmena David , Rescalvo-Casas Carlos , Hernando-Gozalo Marcos , Prieto-Pérez Laura , Cuadros-González Juan , Pérez-Tanoira Ramón
Published: August 2024

Gastrointestinal microorganism resistance and dissemination are increasing, partly due to international travel. This study investigated gastrointestinal colonisations and the acquisition of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes among international travellers moving between Spain and low- and middle-income countries (Peru and Ethiopia). We analysed 102 stool samples from 51 volunteers collected before and after travel, revealing significantly higher rates of colonisation by both bacteria and protists upon return. Diarrhoeagenic strains of E. coli were the most notable microorganism detected using RT-PCR with the Seegene Allplex™ Gastrointestinal Panel Assays. A striking prevalence of β-lactamase resistance genes, particularly the TEM gene, was observed both before and after travel. No significant differences in AMR genes were found between the different locations. These findings highlight the need for rigorous surveillance and preventive strategies, as travel does not significantly impact AMR gene acquisition but does affect microbial colonisations. This study provides valuable insights into the intersection of gastrointestinal microorganism acquisition and AMR in international travellers, underscoring the need for targeted interventions and increased awareness.
‘The Lost Peace’: Evidencing the Syndemic Relationship between Neglected Tropical Diseases and Mental Distress in Liberia
Authors: McCollum Rosalind , Barrett Carrie , Zawolo Georgina , Johnstone Rachel , Godwin-Akpan Tiawanlyn G. , Berrian Hannah , Chowdhury Shahreen , Kollie Jerry , Kollie Karsor , Rogers Emerson , Parker Colleen , Phillip Maneesh , Sempe Lucas , Seekles Maaike , Smith John Solunta , Seekey Wede , Wickenden Anna , Zaizay Zeela , Theobald Sally , Dean Laura
Published: August 2024

Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) are a group of chronic infectious diseases of poverty affecting over one billion people globally. Intersections of NTDs, disability, and mental ill-health are increasingly evidenced but are rarely studied from a mixed-methods perspective. Here, we advance syndemic understandings by further assessing and contextualising the syndemic relationship between NTDs (particularly their associated disability) and mental distress in Liberia. Participatory qualitative methods, including body mapping (56 participants), social mapping (28 participants), and in-depth interviews (12) provided space for persons affected by NTDs to narrate their experiences. Simultaneously, 201 surveys explored experiences of common mental health conditions among persons affected by skin NTDs. An intersectionality approach was applied within the analysis for both qualitative and quantitative methods informed by Meyer’s minority stress model, adapted for NTDs. Qualitative data was analysed thematically and gender-disaggregated, univariable and multivariable analyses were applied to survey data for the outcome measures depression (PHQ-9) and anxiety (GAD-7). Disability was associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety (p < 0.001). An interaction between disability and being a women increased incidence risk ratio of depression (p < 0.001). In alignment with qualitative findings, persons affected experienced additional generalised (financial concerns), external (experience of stigma) and internal (experience of pain and physical symptoms) minority stressors, to varying degrees, which contributed towards their mental distress, and mental health conditions. These findings were used to co-develop a syndemic-informed person-centred health system response to address the suffering associated with NTDs and mental distress, including a focus on strengthening relationships between formal and informal community health actors and the broader health system.
Quantum Effects on Cosmic Scales as an Alternative to Dark Matter and Dark Energy
Authors: Chen Da-Ming , Wang Lin
Published: August 2024

The spin-torsion theory is a gauge theory approach to gravity that expands upon Einstein’s general relativity (GR) by incorporating the spin of microparticles. In this study, we further develop the spin-torsion theory to examine spherically symmetric and static gravitational systems that involve free-falling macroscopic particles. We posit that the quantum spin of macroscopic matter becomes noteworthy at cosmic scales. We further assume that the Dirac spinor and Dirac equation adequately capture all essential physical characteristics of the particles and their associated processes. A crucial aspect of our approach involves substituting the constant mass in the Dirac equation with a scale function, allowing us to establish a connection between quantum effects and the scale of gravitational systems. This mechanism ensures that the quantum effect of macroscopic matter is scale-dependent and diminishes locally, a phenomenon not observed in microparticles. For any given matter density distribution, our theory predicts an additional quantum term, the quantum potential energy (QPE), within the mass expression. The QPE induces time dilation and distance contraction, and thus mimics a gravitational well. When applied to cosmology, our theory yields a static cosmological model. The QPE serves as a counterpart to the cosmological constant introduced by Einstein to balance gravity in his static cosmological model. The QPE also offers a plausible explanation for the origin of Hubble redshift (traditionally attributed to the universe’s expansion). The predicted luminosity distance–redshift relation aligns remarkably well with SNe Ia data from the cosmological sample of SNe Ia. In the context of galaxies, the QPE functions as the equivalent of dark matter. The predicted circular velocities align well with rotation curve data from the SPARC (Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves database) sample. Importantly, our conclusions in this paper are reached through a conventional approach, with the sole assumption of the quantum effects of macroscopic matter at large scales, without the need for additional modifications or assumptions.
Pseudomonas aestus Isolation from the Nasal Cavity of a Cat with Chronic Rhinitis
Authors: Abreu Raquel , Mouro Sofia , Guerreiro Joana F. , Sousa Sílvia A. , Leitão Jorge H. , Pissarra Hugo , Cunha Eva , Tavares Luís , Oliveira Manuela
Published: August 2024

The Pseudomonas genus includes ubiquitous bacteria frequently described as animal and human opportunistic pathogens. A 9-year-old cat was referred for rhinoscopy at the Veterinary Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal, for an investigation of the chronic respiratory signs. Upon rhinoscopy, nasal and nasopharyngeal discharge were observed, and the nasal turbinates showed signs of inflammation. The nasal biopsies were evaluated by histopathology and mycological and bacterial cultures. The histopathology revealed chronic lymphoplasmacytic inflammation. The mycological culture was negative, but the bacterial culture revealed the growth of a bacterial isolate in the pure culture, identified as P. aestus by the sequencing of a 1750 bp PCR amplicon obtained with BCR1 and BCR2 primers, followed by homologous sequences analysis using the NCBI database. The isolate’s susceptibility profile towards 14 antimicrobials was evaluated through the disk diffusion method, being observed that it presented a multidrug resistance profile. The studies available on this environmental Pseudomonas strain focused on its potential use for biocide production and application in agricultural settings, and, to the authors’ best knowledge, there are no reports describing its association with infectious diseases in humans or animals, highlighting the importance of establishing protocols aiming at the identification and characterization of non-traditional, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas in the clinical setting.
Unveiling the Pathways: Mapping and Understanding Hidden Homelessness Among 2SLGBTQ+ Youth in Ontario
Authors: MacEntee Katie , Elkington Nicole , Segui John , Abramovich Alex
Published: August 2024

Transphobic and homophobic violence and discrimination within homes and housing programs lead many 2-Spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (2SLGBTQ+) youth to find alternative, temporary, and insecure housing. These types of living situations are considered “hidden homelessness”. This study interviewed 2SLGBTQ+ youth (n = 6) and key informants (n = 12) who have experienced and/or who support hidden homelessness across three sites in Ontario (Toronto, York Region, and London). The results suggest experiences of hidden homelessness for 2SLGBTQ+ youth are nonlinear, with pathways driven by family conflict combined with the high cost of living and lack of employment, making independent living unaffordable. Additionally, youth avoid services where they experience discrimination and often experience social isolation. In rural and suburban areas, youth have fewer options for safe and inclusive services. When services are accessible, wrap-around supports that address the complexity of their situations help youth exit hidden homelessness. Prevention strategies should focus on addressing family conflict and supporting reunification when it is safe to do so. For those who are unable to return home, there is a need for increased financial support and more affordable housing. Building comprehensive population-based support services is recommended to address the overrepresentation of 2SLGBTQ+ youth experiencing homelessness.
Design and implementation of a lab-on-a-chip for assisted reproductive technologies
Authors: Safaefar Firooz , Karamdel Javad , Veladi Hadi , Maleki Masoud
Published: August 2024

Introduction: The microfluidic device is highly optimized to remove oocytes from the cumulus-corona cell mass surrounding them. Additionally, it effectively captures and immobilizes the oocytes, aiding in assessing their quality and facilitating the injection of sperm into the oocyte. In this study, a novel microfluidic chip was designed and manufactured using conventional soft lithography methods. Methods: This research proposes the utilization of a microfluidic chip as a substitute for the conventional manual procedures involved in oocyte denudation, trapping, and immobilization. The microfluidic chip was modeled and simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics® 5.2 software to optimize and enhance its design and performance. The microfluidic chip was fabricated using conventional injection molding techniques on a polydimethylsiloxane substrate by employing soft lithography methods. Results: A hydrostatic force was applied to guide the oocyte through predetermined pathways to eliminate the cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte. The oocyte was subsequently confined within the designated trap region by utilizing hydraulic resistance along the paths and immobilized by applying vacuum force. Conclusion: The application of this chip necessitates a lower level of operator expertise compared to enzymatic and mechanical techniques. Moreover, it is feasible to continuously monitor the oocyte's state throughout the procedure. There is a reduced need for cultural media compared to more standard approaches.
Frontrunning, Free-Riding and Over-Aspiring: A Case Study Exploring How Configurations of Involvement, Social Comparison and Organizational Goal Attainment Affect Perceived Network Goal Attainment
Authors: der Weert Galina van , Burzynska Katarzyna , Knoben Joris
Published: August 2024

Background: Complex problems in healthcare (fragmentation, specialization, and increased costs) are often addressed by implementing collaborative interorganizational networks. Theoretical models prescribe organizational practices that should ensure the effectiveness of these networks. However, these models are mostly aimed at organizing networks to achieve optimal effectiveness. One of the mechanisms increasing effectiveness, is the involvement of network members. We argue that even though network involvement may be high, there are mechanisms at play that decrease the member’s perceived network goal attainment, resulting in dissatisfied and dissociated members. One of these mechanisms is the comparison of input and output versus the input and output of other members; while the other is the pursuit of organizational goals by network membership. In combination with each other, these may lead to low perceived network goal attainment. Methods: We apply a mixed method study in a local primary care network (PCN) in the Netherlands. We collect and analyse two types of data: (1) interviews, analysed using thematic analysis, and (2) surveys, analysed using crisp-set qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). Results: We found three different pathways to low perceived network goal attainment. Members that are highly involved with the network, can still feel dissatisfied with the network’s goal attainment if they engage in social comparison or if they pursue organizational goals rather than network goals by network membership. We called these pathways over-achieving, and frontrunning. The third pathway, freeriding, describes members that are not very much involved in the network, but pursue organizational goals rather than network goals, and are also dissatisfied about the network’s goal attainment. Conclusion: Network member involvement positively affects perceived network goal attainment. We argue however, that even high network involvement can result in low perceived network goal attainment. Member’s comparison of each other’s input and output, as well as the pursuit of organizational goals, result in low perceived goal attainment even if members’ involvement is high. Future research aimed at network level effectiveness should take member level characteristics and sociodynamic factors into account.
Resilience: Now What? Comment on "Re-evaluating Our Knowledge of Health System Resilience During COVID-19: Lessons From the First Two Years of the Pandemic"
Authors: Kihlström Laura , Karreinen Soila
Published: August 2024

In this paper we draw upon the review article "Re-evaluating Our Knowledge of Health System Resilience During COVID-19: Lessons from the First Two Years of the Pandemic" by Saulnier et al to propose some additional themes to be considered regarding ongoing conversations on health system resilience. Complementing the lessons learned brought forward in the article, we propose three thematic areas which may enrichen this conversation. These three themes are posed as questions: (1) Transformation – towards what? (2) Crises and shocks – what counts as such? and (3) Levels and scales – can tensions be reconciled? While our insights are strongly rooted in research results on health system resilience during COVID-19 in Finland, we seek to discuss their wider implications for health system resilience and beyond the context of a single country
We Need a Combination of Approaches to Evaluate Health System Resilience Comment on "Re-evaluating Our Knowledge of Health System Resilience During COVID-19: Lessons From the First Two Years of the Pandemic"
Authors: Zimmermann Julia , Karanikolos Marina , Cylus Jonathan , McKee Martin
Published: August 2024

Health system resilience has become a desirable health system attribute in the current permacrisis environment. The article by Saulnier and colleagues reviews the literature on health system resilience and refines the concept, pinpointing dimensions of resilience governance that have not reached consensus, or that are missing from the literature. In this commentary we complement the findings by discussing different conceptual frameworks for understanding resilience and introducing resilience testing, a method to assess health system resilience using a hypothetical shock scenario. Resilience testing is a mixed-methods approach that combines a review of existing data with a structured workshop, where health system experts collaboratively assess the resilience of their health system. The new method is proposed as a tool for policy-making, as the results can identify attributes of the current health system that may hinder or boost a resilient response to the next crisis.
The ASPS Darwin workforce project: past, present and future
Authors: Whitton Thomas , Raj Zaman Shahriar , Farrell Gillian
Published: August 2024

The Darwin workforce project has made plastic surgery accessible for patients in the Northern Territory. The authors discuss the project’s impact and encourage interested plastic surgeons to get involved.
ANALYSIS OF PALEOVALLEYS SYSTEMS IN THE SOUTHWESTERN PART OF THE KARA SEA ACCORDING TO SEISMIC DATA
Authors: Замотина З.С. , Старовойтов А.В. , Токарев М.Ю. , Терёхина Я.Е. , Колюбакин А.А.
Published: August 2024

На основе данных 2D/3D-сейсморазведки стандартного (2D/3D СР), высокого (2D СВР) и сверхвысокого (2D ССВР) разрешения, акустического профилирования (АПр) и многолучевого эхолотирования (МЛЭ) идентифицированы палеодолины в юго-западной части Карского моря. По имеющимся материалам выделены три генерации палеодолин, формирование которых связано, предположительно, с флювиальными, флювиогляциальными и экзарационными процессами, существовавшими во времена регрессий плиоцен(?)-четвертичного времени. Большая часть палеодолин характеризуется значительными абсолютными отметками глубин залегания тальвегов (более 200 м), что свидетельствует либо (1) об их дочетвертичном времени образования, либо (2) о влиянии неотектонического опускания в позднечетвертичное время. Отсутствие более древних отложений в районе Восточно-Новоземельского желоба и областей, прилегающих к нему, в случае (1), возможно, связано с ледниковой денудацией дочетвертичных отложений во время позднечетвертичных оледенений. В процессе детального анализа внутреннего строения палеодолин выявлено, что большая часть из них (более 60%) характеризуется U-образным поперечным профилем, что может быть связано как с преобладанием процессов боковой эрозии в спокойных тектонических условиях, так и с первостепенной ролью ледников, вероятно, существовавших в районе Восточно-Новоземельского желоба и областей, прилегающих к нему, в позднечетвертичный период.

The paleovalleys were identified based on 2D/3D standard (SR), high (HR), very high (VHR) resolution seismic, sub-bottom profiling (SBP) and multibeam echosounder data (MBES) in the southwestern part of the Kara Sea. Three paleovalleys generations formation of which may be connected with fluvial, fluvioglacial and exaration processes that were in the Pliocene-Quaternary regression periods were identified according to available data. The main part of paleovalleys is characterized significant thalweg absolute depth elevation (more 200 m) that can be evidence either (1) their Pre-Quaternary time of formation or (2) influence neotectonic subsidence in the Late Quaternary. The lack of more ancient sediments in the Novaya Zemlya Through and the adjacent areas in the case (1) may be connected with glacial denudation of Pre-Quaternary sediments during the Late Quaternary glaciations. In the detail analysis of paleovalleys internal structure there were revealed the main part of them (more 60%) is U-shaped that can be connected either with the priority of the processes of the lateral erosion in the calm tectonic conditions or the primary role of glaciers were been in the Novaya Zemlya trough and adjacent areas in the Late Quaternary period.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR WOMEN AFTER CESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Шурухина Г.А. , Ризванова Л.Р. , Шаяхметова Э.Ш.
Published: August 2024

В статье показана эффективность программы психологического сопровождения женщин после операции кесарево сечение. Обследование проводилось на базе Государственного бюджетного учреждения здравоохранения "Республиканский клинический перинатальный центр" Министерства здравоохранения Республики Башкортостан. В исследовании приняли участие 22 женщины после операции кесарево сечение. Для решения исследовательских задач использован комплекс опросных методик, направленных оценку психоэмоционального состояния рожениц. Использование программы психологического сопровождения повышает интерес к жизни, изменяет самоотношение к себе и окружающим; снижает ситуативную тревожность; нейтрализует трудности с засыпанием.

The article shows the effectiveness of the program of psychological support for women after caesarean section. The examination was carried out on the basis of the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution "Republican Clinical Perinatal Center" of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The study involved 22 women after cesarean section. To solve research problems, a set of survey techniques was used to assess the psycho-emotional state of women in labor. Using a psychological support program increases interest in life, changes self-attitude towards oneself and others; reduces situational anxiety; neutralizes difficulties falling asleep.
BLOOD THIOLDISULFIDE STATUS OF PATIENTS IN THE RADIOLOGICAL DEPARTMENTS OF THE ONCOLOGICAL CLINIC
Authors: Корытова Л.И. , Резункова О.П.
Published: August 2024

В биологии и медицине появилось понятие "окислительный стресс", которое отражает состояние организма, вызываемое воздействием различных физических, химических, биологических и социальных факторов, инициирующих усиленное образование в клетках и тканях свободных радикалов и пероксидных соединений. Онкологические заболевания, а также современные агрессивные методы лечения являются типичными индукторами окислительного стресса, поставщиками свободных радикалов и ингибиторами эндогенных антиоксидантных систем.

In biology and medicine the concept "oxidative stress" which reflects the status of an organism called by influence various physical, chemical, biological and social factors, initiating amplified (strengthened) education in cells (cages) and fabrics of free radicals and peroxides connections has appeared. Oncological diseases, and also modern aggressive methods of treatment, are typical inductors of oxidizing stress, suppliers of free radicals and inhibitors of endogenic antioxidizing systems.
Human society as a natural ecological system
Authors: Резунков А.Г. , Резункова О.П.
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматривается история эволюции живого на планете Земля, эволюция биосферы после появления человека. Что послужило причиной образования человеческого общества, является это благом для жизни, для планеты, для Вселенной или несёт скрытую угрозу? Возможна ли ноосфера или это утопия? Обсуждаются объективные и субъективные предпосылки возникновения человеческого общества как природосообразной экологической системы.

The article examines the history of the evolution of life on planet Earth, the evolution of the biosphere after the appearance of man. What was the reason for the formation of human society, is it a boon for life, for the planet, for the universe, or does it pose a hidden threat? Is the noosphere possible or is it a utopia? The objective and subjective prerequisites for the emergence of human society as a natural-like ecological system are discussed.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH IN THE CORRECTION OF AGE-RELATED COGNITIVE DISORDERS
Authors: Лисова Н.Л.
Published: August 2024

Представлены результаты внедрения способа коррекции лёгких когнитивных нарушений у лиц пожилого возраста, включающего курс нейропсихологических упражнений и биологической обратной связи. До проведения коррекции выявлены значительные отклонения от нормативных показателей по уровню постоянных потенциалов, когнитивных тестов у пожилых людей. После месяца занятий наблюдалось улучшение показателей когнитивных тестов и нормализация биоэлектрических показателей активности мозга.

The results of the introduction of a method for correcting mild cognitive impairment in the elderly, including a course of neuropsychological exercises and biofeedback, are presented. Prior to the correction, significant deviations from the normative indicators were revealed in terms of the level of constant potentials and cognitive tests in the elderly. After a month of classes, there was an improvement in cognitive test scores and normalization of bioelectric indicators of brain activity.
THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF DIDACTIC APPROACHES TO TEACHING THE DEAF IN RUSSIAN SURDOPEDAGOGY
Authors: Базырина О.А.
Published: August 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию дидактических подходов в обучении лиц с нарушением слуха. Автор анализирует труды учёных-сурдопедагогов и прослеживает путь становления отечественной сурдопедагогики. Особое внимание уделяется использованию разных форм речи в обучении глухих детей.

The article is devoted to the study of didactic approaches in teaching people with hearing impairment. The author analyzes the works of scientists-teachers for deaf children and traces the path of formation of Russian surdopedagogy. Special attention is paid to the use of different forms of speech in teaching deaf children.
The efficacy of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) for delayed mental and speech development due to Perinatal CNS involvement
Authors: Ильичева А.Н. , Хаминский А.М.
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматриваются результаты наблюдения формирования психических познавательных процессов и формирование когнитивной сферы с 2010 по 2022 гг. после применения транскраниальной магнитной стимуляции (ТМС) у ребенка с задержкой речевого и психоэмоционального развития вследствие перинатального поражения центральной нервной системы. Представлены протоколы ТМС способствующие формированию ВПФ, устранению нарушений психоэмоциональной сферы, нейро-динамических нарушений, психических познавательных процессов. Проанализированы когнитивные процессы ребенка с задержкой речевого и психоэмоционального развития, начиная с дошкольного детства и заканчивая юностью.

The article introduces and explains the tracking results the development of cognitive structures over time (2010 to 2022) after the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in a child with delayed in the normal pace psycho-emotional development, which is manifested in the violation of the function of speech and behavioral skills, weakening of memory and inability to concentrate attention due to perinatal Central Nervous System involvement. Tracking the development of cognitive structures over time findings that shed light on formation of HMF mechanisms are discussed. Furthermore, emotional and behavioral disorders neurodevelopmental disorders, cognitive and mental disorders are analyzed. The article finished with a discussion of these observations that could improve and enhance treatment response to TMS.
PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS OF WOMEN-WEIGHTLIFTERS
Authors: Гронская А.Е. , Бугаец Ю.Е.
Published: August 2024

Представлены результаты психофизиологического исследования квалифицированных женщин-тяжелоатлеток в переходный период спортивной подготовки. Высокий уровень силы воли и настойчивости, средние уровни терпения и социальной смелости, оптимальный баланс между стремлением к риску и высокой осторожностью, предрасположенность к агрессии, небольшое преобладание женских признаков над мужскими, положительное сочетание силы и сбалансированности нервных процессов, доминирование нормотонии вегетативного статуса были опознаны.

The results of psychophysiological study of qualified women-weightlifters in the transition period of sports training are presented. A high level of willpower and perseverance, average levels of patience and social courage, an optimal balance between the desire for risk and high caution, a predisposition to aggression, a slight predominance of feminine signs over masculine, a positive combination of strength and balance of nervous processes, the dominance of normotonia of vegetative status were identified.
SOCIAL PRIORITIES OF STUDENTS OF SAINT PETERSBURG TECHNICAL COLLEGES
Authors: Резунков А.Г.
Published: August 2024

Целью работы является изучение жизненных ценностей современной российской молодёжи в переломный момент времени на примере технических колледжей Санкт-Петербурга. Особое внимание автором в статье было уделено таким ценностным ориентирам, как ответственность, учёба и образование, материальные ценности, семья и друзья, патриотизм, самореализация и пути их достижения. На основе полученных результатов автор делает вывод, что бытующее мнение о том, что современное поколение потеряно, не соответствует действительности, что с ним можно и нужно работать, и это принесёт должные плоды.

The aim of the study is to examine the life values of contemporary Russian youth at a crucial moment in time using technical colleges in Saint Petersburg as an example. The author of the article paid particular attention to such values as responsibility, education and learning, material possessions, family and friends, patriotism, self-realization, and the ways to achieve them. Based on the results obtained, the author concludes that the prevailing opinion that the current generation is lost is not accurate, and that working with them will yield positive results.