bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Um olhar docente sobre os processos de avaliação no contexto escolar
Authors: Machado Diana , Bueno Daiana Graciele , Monteiro Sabrina
Published: March 2019

O presente artigo tem por objetivo investigar e discutir os processos avaliativos no ensino, como as avaliações estão sendo compreendidas, consideradas e qual é o papel dela na escola, na visão de duas docentes de um Instituto Estadual de Educação na modalidade de Curso Normal. O delineamento metodológico desta investigação segue uma abordagem qualitativa e para a coleta de dados foi realizado um questionário, composto por cinco perguntas abertas. Como resultados, evidenciou-se que as participantes/professoras preocupam-se com as metodologias atualmente ainda presentes em sala de aula, o que sinaliza que estão dispostas e flexíveis frente a este constante desafio de mudança de concepção e práticas. Assim como, necessita-se que os processos avaliativos para a aprendizagem precisam ser repensados nos contextos escolares, pois as práticas utilizadas ainda não apresentam se houve a aprendizagem do aluno.
Utilizando o jogo Racing Fever como ferramenta de ensino de cinemática
Authors: Cavalcante Artur Araujo , Mourão Matheus Fernandes , Alves Verusca Batista , Sales Gilvandenys Leite
Published: March 2019

Este trabalho objetiva analisar o jogo eletrônico Racing Fever, para identificar se há coerências ou incoerências nos valores numéricos referentes às grandezas deslocamento, velocidade e tempo fornecidos por ele e propor o game como ferramenta de ensino de cinemática. Para tanto, aplicamos a equação da velocidade escalar para avaliar se há uma equivalência entre as velocidades fornecidas pelo jogo e as velocidades calculadas. Teoricamente, o estudo se baseou nas ideias de Gee (2003), de Coelho e Haguenauer (2004) e de Short (2012), dentre outros autores. Com nossa pesquisa, foi possível concluir que não existe uma equivalência entre os valores das velocidades fornecidas pelo jogo e as velocidades calculadas, o que nos permitiu interpretar esse jogo como incoerente. Dessa forma, propomos que os professores utilizem o jogo em sala de aula, instigando os alunos a fazerem a mesma análise do jogo.
Naziazeno, um herói problemático: seu potencial pedagógico nas lutas sociais
Authors: Silva Ciro Almeida da , Silva Solonildo Almeida da , Jucá Sandro César Silveira , Silva Simone Cesar da
Published: March 2019

Este artigo analisa “Os ratos” de Dyonélio Machado, publicado em 1935. A obra foi enquadrada no que se convencionou chamar de romance de 1930. Ela trata de evidenciar as contradições no seio do mundo burguês. O pressuposto assumido foi de que para discutir a injustiça e a desigualdade social Machado forja um protagonista que não se encaixa em nenhum arquétipo, ou seja, um herói problemático, mencionados no trabalho de Lukács sobre romance moderno. Desse modo, o objetivo da investigação é gerar uma reflexão que promova o senso de justiça e de compreensão das dinâmicas da sociedade utilizando como eixo motivador a leitura do romance em tela. A hipótese de partida consiste de que o herói problemático, através de sua inadaptação vida urbana, denuncia o capitalismo. Metodologicamente, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica. Neste trabalho, optou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa em função das questões que se colocam. Vale registrar que foi realizado uma revisão de literatura que tratam da temática da importância dos modelos sociais e do significado social da educação. Os resultados da pesquisa forneceram instrumentos de reflexão no que diz respeito à compreensão de que a educação não pode ser neutra, como bem sublinha a pedagogia freiriana. Este artigo concluiu que podemos através da literatura colaborar com um ensino que relacione os conhecimentos literários com os problemas sociais e a luta de classes.
PENGARUH TERAPI LATIHAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN FUNGSIONAL PADA KASUS CEREBRAL PALSY SPASTIK DIPLEGIA
Authors: Purnomo Didik , Kuswardani Kuswardani , Novitasari Rizka
Published: March 2019

Latar Belakang :. Instansi kesehatan di Indonesia telah mendata diantaranya YPAC Cabang Semarang dengan jumlah anak terdiagnosa Cerebral Palsy pada tahun 2008 sebanyak 41 anak, tahun 2009 sebanyak 36 anak, pada tahun 2010 sebanyak 39 anak, pada tahun 2011 sebanyak 41 anak, pada tahun 2012 sebanyak 47 anak, pada tahun 2013 sebanyak 47 anak, pada tahun 2014 sebanyak 50 anak, pada tahun 2015 sebanyak 56 anak, pada tahun 2016 sebanyak 78 anak (YPAC Cabang Semarang,2016). Penelitian dilakukan di YPAC semarang pada bulan November 2017 sebanyak 8 orang partisipan dengan tindakan fisioterapi menggunakan konsep bobath dengan teknik inhibisi, fasilitasi dan stimulasi. Penelitian menggunakan metode pretest-posttest dengan quasi eksperimen

Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi latihan dengan metode Bobath Exercise dalam meningkatkan kemampuan fungsional pada pasien Cerebral Palsy Diplegia Spastic.

Hasil : Setelah dilakukan terapi didapatkan hasil adalah tidak ada peningkatan kemampuan fungsional pasien berdasarkan hasil uji paired sample t test didapatkan nilai p (sig) sebesar 0.080 yang berada dibawah batas kritis yaitu >0,05 sehingga Ho diterima sedangkan Ha ditolak. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan antara sebelum dengan sesudah terapi.

Kesimpulan : Terapi latihan dengan metode Bobath Exercise seperti inhibisi dan fasilitasi, latihan dengan easy stand dan latihan berjalan pada paralel bar serta pemberian edukasi  epada partisipan belum dapat menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan fungsional partisipan, keberhasilan terapi juga membutuhkan kerja sama yang  aik antara pasien, orang tua pasien dengan terapi dan durasi waktu terapi juga mempengaruhi keberhasilan dalam pelaksanaan terapi.
O neoliberalismo chileno (1973-1990) e seus desafios à integração sul-americana dos anos 1980
Authors: Santos Rafael Macedo da Rocha
Published: March 2019

Recebido:    18/04/2018 Aprovado:   27/05/2018Publicado:  10/06/2018O modelo econômico chileno adotado por Pinochet não encontrou similaridade de política econômica em nenhuma das demais ditaduras militares da América do Sul. O pioneiro do neoliberalismo chileno contribuiu para a formação pós-redemocratização de um país com características distintas do restante da América Latina: um Chile cuja inserção em blocos regionais fora relativizada em prol de um alinhamento com potências como Japão, EUA e Europa. Nesse sentido, associamos o não-ingresso do Chile no Mercosul com essa política de afastamento do continente. O objetivo do artigo, portanto, é analisar as origens do modelo econômico chileno e sua relação com a integração. Palavras-Chave: liberalismo, ditadura, blocos econômicos, América Latina.
A pesquisa em história da educação: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Da Costa Osnar , Salviano Leonardo
Published: March 2019

Recebido:    22/01/2018 Aprovado:    17/04/2018Publicado:   10/06/2018O presente artigo desenvolve uma reflexão sobre a pesquisa em História da Educação, enfocando os debates sobre a historiografia em educação no Brasil e seus métodos investigativos em relação as suas fontes, métodos e práticas. Pretende-se apresentar as principais obras, os pesquisadores e suas contribuições para essa temática no âmbito do desenvolvimento educacional do país, se tornando, este objeto, numa divulgação destes trabalhos e sua influência no desempenho profissional de professores do país, bem como na sua apresentação mais antiga para a sua mais recente, e como, a partir daí, foram agregadas uma nova análise desse conhecimento, proporcionando assim, inovações nessa área. Palavras-chave: Historiografia Brasileira, Pesquisa, História da Educação.
Efficacy of miltefosine compared with glucantime for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Iranpour Sohrab , Hosseinzadeh Ali , Alipour Abbas
Published: March 2019

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is most common form of leishmaniasis and is characterized by ulcerative skin lesions. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials that compared the efficacy of miltefosine and glucantime for the treatment of CL. We searched the following databases: Cochrane, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform search portal of World Health Organization, Sid, Irandoc, Magiran, and clinicaltrials.gov. We used keywords including “miltefosine,” “glucantime,” and “Leishmania.” The quality of studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. A random-effects model was employed for the analysis. We assessed heterogeneity by the chi-square test and the I2 index statistic. When heterogeneity was present, meta-regression analyses were performed. The Egger method was used to assess publication bias; when it was significant, the trim-and-fill method was used to test and adjust for publication bias. A total of 1,570 reports were identified, of which 10 studies were included in the meta-analysis. In the meta-analysis, there was no significant difference between the efficacy of miltefosine and glucantime; however, subgroup analysis showed that, regarding parasite species other than Leishmania braziliensis, miltefosine was significantly superior to glucantime (intention to treat; relative risk, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 1.32). In the meta-regression, only the glucantime injection type was significant at the p=0.1 level. The Egger test found statistically significant publication bias; however, including the 3 missing studies in the trim-and-fill analysis did not change the results. This meta-analysis found that miltefosine seems to be more effective than glucantime, at least in species other than L. braziliensis, for treating CL.
Synthesis, characterization and acute toxicity of new Schiff base derived from phenylethyl amine and 2-hydroxy naphthaldehyde
Authors: Hatim Ibtihal Hassan , Al-Masoudi Wasfi Aboud , Ghadhban Rashad Fadhil
Published: March 2019

There is an urgent need for the design and development of new and safer drugs, this has attracted organic chemists to synthesize new compounds with potential of biological and chemotherapeutic activities. Here we report, the condensation of phenylethylamine with 2-hydroxy naphthaldehyde yielded Schiff base derivative in good yield. Characterization of synthesized compound was carried by elemental analysis, IR, 1H-, 13C- and HSQC-NMR spectroscopy. The toxicity of the synthesized compound was determined using Balb/c mice model. Dixon’s up and down method was found to have an LD50 of 827.2 mg/kg of body weight, moderate toxicity.
Simultaneous determination of bisoprolol fumarate and rosuvastatin calcium in a new combined formulation by validated RP-HPLC
Authors: Zaki Marco Mounir , Abdelwahab Nada Sayed , Ali Adel Ahmed , Sharkawi Souty Mounie Zaki
Published: March 2019

A simple, specific, and precise RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of Bisoprolol fumarate (BIS) and Rosuvastatin calcium (ROS) in new formulated tablets. The developed RP-HPLC method depended on chromatographic separation using C18 column (150×4.6 mm, 0.5 μm) with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.05 aqueous solution of orthophosphoric acid at the ratio of 65:35 % (v:v) with a flow rate of 1 mL/min and UV detection was carried out at 230 nm. Factors affecting the developed methods were studied and optimized and the retention times for BIS and ROS were found to be 2.758 and 4.974 min, respectively. Linearity of the proposed method was observed over a concentration range 0.2-50 μg/mL for each of BIS (r = 0.9999) and ROS (r = 0.9998). The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of the studied drugs in their bulk powder, laboratory prepared mixtures and in the formulated tablets. The developed method is the first chromatographic method for determination of those drugs and showed no significant difference when compared with the reported methods.
Investigation of nigrosine, alizarin, indigo and acid fuchsin removal by modification of CaO derived from eggshell with AgI: Adsorption, kinetic and photocatalytic studies
Authors: Radhi Ibtighaa Kadhim , Hussein Mouayed Abdulaali , Kadhim Zaki Naser
Published: March 2019

Successful removal of nigrosine, alizarin, indigo and acid fuchsin dyes from aqueous solutions using modified CaO nanoparticles has been investigated. The CaO was obtained from eggshells and modified with AgI. The adsorbents were characterized using X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The kinetic studies were also investigated, the results showed that the adsorption of alizarin dye follows the pseudo-first-order model, while the adsorption of the nigrosine, indigo, and acid fuchsin follow the pseudo-second-order model onto modified and unmodified CaO. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of modified adsorbent was tested under sunlight. The modified adsorbent showed a strong photocatalytic activity, a 0.01 g modified adsorbent was sufficient to absorb 100% of acid fuchsin through only 5 min after exposes to sunlight.
Investigation of ZnTiO3/TiO2 composites and their application in photocatalysis
Authors: Pei Zhenzhao , Wang Pei , Li Zhiguo
Published: March 2019

In this work, we report that ZnTiO3/TiO2 composites, which were synthesized by hydrothermal method possessed photocatalytic and potential spraying properties. The obtained ZnTiO3/TiO2 composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction techniques (XRD). Photocatalytic activities of ZnTiO3/TiO2 composites were evaluated by using Rhodamine B (RhB) as a model pollutant under visible light irradiation. The experimental results showed that the as-prepared ZnTiO3 (2%)/TiO2 composite exhibited better photocatalytic activity than that of pure TiO2.
Editorial Board
Authors: Arslan Hakan
Published: March 2019

Editorial Board
Anatomy of the Thigh Gap
Authors: Leboeuf Céline
Published: March 2019

This article explores the ongoing obsession with the thigh gap ideal in certain pockets of Western societies. A thigh gap is the space some women have between their inner thighs when they stand with their feet together. The thigh gap ideal is flaunted on “thinspo” websites, which compile diet and exercise tips and display pictures of fashion models and “real women” in their efforts to inspire women to become thinner.  I aim to identify what is wrong with the thigh gap obsession and to suggest a way to overcome it. I begin by describing the genesis of the obsession. I then argue that the relation women in the grip of this preoccupation have to their bodies is an instance of what I call bodily alienation. Next, I consider responses to the thigh gap phenomenon. I claim that a viable response, besides broadening standards of beauty, lies in pursuing bodily activities for their own sake. I call the view I articulate “sensualism.” I conclude by discussing the merits of an individual response of the type I advocate, in light of the structural character of women’s oppression through standards of beauty.
Integrated Enterprise Resilience Architecture Framework for Surviving Strategic Disruptions
Authors: Mohamed Hassan Ahmed Hassan
Published: March 2019

Resilient business enterprises are able to survive strategic disruptions like technology disruptions and come back more successful. They succeed because they develop and effectively implement the resilience strategies of mitigation, adaption, and transformation. This paper proposes an integrated resilience framework that is based on a combination of enterprise architecture and business architecture frameworks. At the core of the proposed framework is a meta-model and a method. The framework guides the development of a unified vision of how a business enterprise can address a specific strategic disruption and transform itself in a successful way. The framework articulates the vision through the lens of business blueprint views that guide the formation of transformation initiatives. Through the mapping capabilities of the framework, the transformation initiatives cross over the boundaries between organization structures and domains. In the last section we demonstrate our proposed method and meta-model with the help of a case study.
Total and Viscosity Cross Sections for Krypton Gas at Boiling Point
Authors: Al-Maaitah Ibtisam. F.
Published: March 2019

We have calculated total and viscosity cross sections for krypton gas at boiling point by using a Galitskii-Migdal-Feynman (GMF) formalism which is essentially an independent-pair model ‘dressed’ by a many-body medium. The interaction potential in our work is theHartree-Fock dispersion (HFD-B) potential.
Reply to the Readership regarding Ilgren & Hoskins (2018) Anthophyllite Mesothelioma Articles
Authors: Ilgren E. B.
Published: March 2019

Reply to the Readership regarding Ilgren & Hoskins (2018) Anthophyllite Mesothelioma Articles.
Impact of External Debt on Economic Growth in Jordan for the Period (2010-2017)
Authors: Moh’d AL-Tamimi Khaled Abdalla , Jaradat Mohammad Sulieman
Published: March 2019

The study investigates the effect of external debt on economic growth in Jordan by using annual data for the period (2010-2017) by using external debt as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) as an independent variable, and GDP growth rate (A proxy for economic growth) as a dependent variable. The study starts with theoretical literature for the impact of external debt on economic growth, then empirical literature for previous studies that analyze the same relationship, after that analyzing the impact of external debt on economic growth in Jordan during the period (2010-2017). The study finds the same conclusion as previous studies that there is a negative and significant impact of external debt on economic growth during the study period, and recommends relying on other financing methods like foreign direct investment.
Foreign Direct Investment, Export Performance and Sustainable Development in Nigeria
Authors: Adejumo Akintoye Victor
Published: March 2019

This study sets out to examine the role of manufacturing sector Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the quest for export sector diversification in Nigeria for sustainable development. This objective was achieved by estimating the effects of manufacturing sector FDI on manufactured goods export from Nigeria using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag estimating technique. The study discovered that FDI inflows into the country’s manufacturing sector impacted negatively on manufactured exports in the short run. The short run result nevertheless gave way to a positive and significant influence of FDI on manufactured exports in the long run, indicating that this form of foreign capital is important for manufactured export promotion in Nigeria. The resulting long run positive FDI- spillovers on export performance in Nigeria is in tandem with the neoliberal theoretical viewpoint that developing countries can rely on FDI as ladder to sustainable development. The findings suggest that sustainable development can be enhanced in Nigeria by exploiting the channel of positive spillovers from sector specific FDI inflows. The study concludes that with appropriate policy stance, one important way of pursuing the long run goal of sustainable development is to route FDI inflows in the direction of the country’s manufacturing sector.
Hot Spot Phenomenon and Greedy Routing Failure in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks
Authors: Habboush Ahmad Khader
Published: March 2019

Lately, Greedy Forwarding Strategy (GFS) is express as a basic mechanistic in geographic routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). GFS employs the shortest path between two connected nodes. The research’s analysis of networks that using GFS indicates that some areas of the MANET are more decumbent to high traffic load compared with other places. This situation is called hot spot phenomenon. Accordingly, these hot spot nodes become constrained in terms of many issues and seem to be died fast. The performance of GFS becomes limited to these hot spot nodes. The whole MANET fails, as GFS fails to function well in this area. This paper takes an in depth look at the reason behind greedy failure. Lastly, the work concludes the most appropriate characteristics that should be consider for enhancing greedy scheme to be compatible with the unique features of MANET.
Coverage of Child Right Abuse in Nigerian Newspapers
Authors: Ifeoma C. Ojiakor, , Cajethan O. Ihenancho, , Adeline Nkwam-Uwaoma , Peter N. Dibia,
Published: March 2019

Studying and analyzing the newspaper coverage on issues of children is sine- qua non to the overall development of Nigeria because it would serve as an insight into the conditions in which our children find themselves today and a guide for preparing them to be socially and spiritually responsible in the society. This study, therefore, analyzed the manifest media contents of two major newspapers in Nigeria namely Daily Sun and Punch (January-April 2017) with a view of ascertaining the frequency, depth, direction and prominence of coverage of reports on child rights in Nigeria. Based on the findings from the content analyzed newspapers, it was discovered that the select newspapers did not give adequate coverage on child rights abuse issues in Nigeria. Both newspapers did not give prominence to the stories reported as almost all were buried in the inside pages. The study recommends that Newspapers publishers in Nigeria should train reporters that will report daily on child right abuse so as to increase the visibility of child rights reports in the media. Also, Newspapers in Nigeria should give more prominence to child right abuse cases by placing them on the front pages of their editions and publishing periodic editorials on child rights related issues.
Modelling and Forecasting of Mung Production in India
Authors: Vishwajith K. P. , Sahu P. K. , Mishra P. , Devi Monika , Dubey Anurag , Singh R. B. , Dhekale B. S. , Fatih Chellai , . Suman
Published: March 2019

A large proportion of the Indian population is vegetarian and pulses are important sources of protein in the daily diet .In this paper an attempt has been made to summarize the overall nature of area, production and productivity of mung in India. By and large there has been considerable expansion in area, production and productivity of mung in all the states under study including whole India during the study period. Among the states under study, the maximum annual growth in area (9.75%) and production (14.55%) of mung was observed in Rajasthan. Bihar stands first in productivity of mung among the states under study. Rajasthan, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh have fails to reach national average per hectare production of 367.37 kg/ha. In this paper an attempt has been made to summarize these measures along with some new measures with an objective to study the yield sustainability of particular crop over the growing regions and compare across the states/regions. Sustainability in yield of mung in different states along with whole India has been measured with the help of existing and proposed measures of sustainability indices. Whole India is showing higher sustainability in yield of mung as per the two existing and proposed methods. According to all the indices including developed two methods Rajasthan is having comparatively lower sustainability to produce mung among the states under study. Results of existing measures and proposed measure are almost in conformity with each other. From the forecasted value, it can be said that, mung productivity of India would increase to 408.84 kg/ha in 2022 as compared to 2012. In Mung, area, production and productivity Rajasthan would be leading state of India in 2022.This projection would be helpful for policy implication and planning.
Rapid Tissue Clearing in Pre-warmed Xylene Without Compromising Staining Adequacy and Histoarchitecture
Authors: Onyegbula K. C. , Afahaene O. N. , Awolaja S. T. , Makinde O.
Published: March 2019

Aims: To determine the adequacy of nucleo-cytoplasmic staining characteristics and preservation of nucleo-cytoplasmic morphology of mouse liver tissue cleared in pre-warmed xylene at predetermined temperatures and durations using haematoxylin and eosin staining procedure.

Study Design: Tissues for clearing were first divided into 3 broad experimental groups (A, B and C) based on pre-determined tissue clearing temperature. Each broad group were further divided into 4 sub-groups (A1 to A4, B1 to B4 and C1 to C4) based on duration of tissue clearing.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria and Department of Oral Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. January-June, 2015.

Methodology: Tissues assigned to sub-groups A1 to A4 were cleared in pre-warmed xylene at 25°C for 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes respectively, while tissues assigned to sub-groups B1 to B4 were cleared in pre-warmed xylene at 30°C for 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes respectively and tissues assigned to sub-groups C1 to C4 were cleared in pre-warmed xylene at 35°C for 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes respectively. As a consequence of this procedure, adequacy of nucleo-cytoplasmic staining characteristics and preservation of nucleo-cytoplasmic morphology were subsequently determined.

Results: Adequacy of nuclear and cytoplasmic staining were both assessed using a 2-point grading scale of 0 being inadequate and 1 being adequate, while preservation of both nuclear and cytoplasmic morphology were also assessed using a 2-point grading scale of 0 being poorly preserved and 1 being well preserved. Adequate nuclear and cytoplasmic staining were observed in tissues cleared in pre-warmed xylene at 25°C for 45 and 60 minutes, at 30°C for 30 and 45 minutes, at 35°C for 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes. Well preserved nuclear morphology were observed in tissues cleared in pre-warmed xylene at 25°C for 30, 45 and 60 minutes, at 30°C for 30 and 45 minutes and at 35°C for 30, 45, 60 and 90 minutes. However, only tissues cleared at 35°C for 30, 45 and 90 minutes exhibited well preserved cytoplasmic morphology.                                                               

Conclusion: Adequate nucleo-cytoplasmic staining and well preserved nucleo-cytoplasmic morphology of tissues for histopathologic demonstration may be achieved rapidly by clearing tissues in 35°C pre-warmed xylene for as short as 30 minutes.
Complete Case versus Inverse Probability Weighting Methods of Fitting Incomplete Longitudinal and Survival Data Joint Models
Authors: Nyaboga D. O. , Mwangi A. , Lusweti D.
Published: March 2019

Missing data is a common problem in real word studies especially clinical studies. However, most people working with such data, often drop missing cases from individuals with incomplete observations that occur when patients do not complete the treatment or miss their scheduled visits. This may lead to misleading results and ultimately affect the decision of whether an intervention is good or bad for the patients under treatment. The comparison of Complete Case (CC) and Inverse Probability Weights (IPW) techniques of handling missing data in various models has been addressed, however little has been done to compare these methods when applied to joint models of longitudinal and time to event data. Therefore, this paper seeks to investigate the impact of assuming CC analysis on clinical data with missing cases, comparing it with IPW method when fitting joint models of longitudinal and survival data setting full data model as the baseline model. This paper made use of randomized aids clinical trial data. The model with Deviance Information Criteria (DIC) close to that of full data joint model is considered the best. From the results, joint models from full data, CC and IPW had DIC of 10603.94, 8410.33 and 10600.95 respectively. The joint model obtained from IPW data had a DIC too close to that of full data joint model as compared to model from CC data.
Similarity Solution of Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer of a Nanofluid Over a Porous Plate in a Darcy-Forchheimer Flow
Authors: Falana A. , Alao Ahmed A.
Published: March 2019

In this work, a similarity solution of the flow, heat and mass transfer of a nanofluid over a porous plate in a Darcy-Forchheimer flow is explored. The nanofluid model includes Brownian motion and Thermophoresis diffusion effects. The governing transport equations are made dimensionless using similarity transformation technique which reduce them into ordinary differential equations with the associated boundary conditions. The equations are then solved numerically using the classical fourth order Runge-Kutta method and the results are benched marked with available results in literature and are found to be in good agreement. The results for the flow velocity, the shear stress, the temperature distribution, the nanoparticle volume concentration, the skin friction coefficient, the reduced Nusselt number, and the reduced Sherwood number, are presented graphically illustrating the effects of permeability, inertia, thermophoresis, Brownian motion, Lewis number and Prandtl number on the flow. Our analysis shows, among others, that the Nusselt number is a decreasing function, while the Sherwood number is an increasing function of the thermophoretic number
Inhibitory Effect of the Stem Bark Extracts of Albizia chevalieri Harms on the Activity of Alpha-glucosidase Obtained from Aspergillus niger
Authors: Damilola Oso Abdulhafiz , Bello Idris , Sa’idu Yusuf , Andrew Onu
Published: March 2019

The aim of the current study is to evaluate the inhibition of α-glucosidase activity by stem bark extract of Albizia chevalieri. The activity of alpha glucosidase was assayed in vitro using 50 mM acetate buffer pH 6.0 (prepared from acetic acid and sodium acetate) and various concentration of maltose (0.5 mM to 10 mM). Five test tubes, labeled TA – TE, each containing 1.5 ml of acetate buffer, 0.5 ml of alpha glucosidase and 0.5 ml of a known concentration of plant extract and control tubes (CA – CE) were assessed for Alpha glucosidase activity. The results showed that hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts inhibited α-glucosidase activity. The results further indicated that the extracts act by competitive inhibition with inhibition constant of 232 mg/ml, 157 mg/ml and 67 mg/ml for hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts, respectively. The value for the inhibition constants shows that there is a strong binding of the enzyme to the inhibitor as the polarity of solvent increases. The inhibitory activity of Albizia chevalieri may be due one or more of the phytochemicals present in the extracts.
Study of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1and 2 Mutations in Adult Egyptian Patients with Denovo Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia, Their Relation to Clinical Characteristics, FLT3/ITD and Nucleophosmin 1 Mutations and Impact on Treatment Outcome
Authors: Samir Barakat Sherine , Elsatar Elsorady Manal Abd , Wagdy Ayad Mona , Elmoety Elneely Dalia Abd , Abd Elfatah Fatma Mohamed
Published: March 2019

Background: Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a malignancy that is heterogeneous in nature characterized by genetic abnormalities some of which are established in the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. An additional role for alterations in epigenetic mechanisms has been also highlighted in the pathogenesis of the disease. This may have a role in determining the disease outcome, impact the treatment decision and provide options for targeted therapies especially in patients who lack genetic aberrations. One of the modes of epigenetic dysregulation is mutation in genes encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 that has been observed in AML with a higher incidence in patients with normal karyotype (NK).

Aim of the work: The aim of this work was to study the frequency of IDH1 (R132) and IDH2 (R140Q, R172K) mutations in adult Egyptian patients with de novo acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), their relation with clinical characteristics, other molecular markers (the internal tandem duplication (ITD)) mutation of FLT3 gene and NPM1 gene mutation) and impact on treatment outcome.

Methods: Peripheral blood samples from 50 adult patients with denovo acute myeloid leukemia, admitted to the haematology unit at Alexandria Main University Hospital from February 2015 to February 2017, were used. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method (PCR-RFLP) was used for detection of IDH1 codon R132 and IDH2 codons (R140, R172) mutations on genomic DNA. PCR was used for detection of FLT3-ITD mutation on genomic DNA. PCR was used for detection of NPM1 mutation on RNA.

Results: IDH 1and 2 mutations occurred in 30% of newly diagnosed AML patients and 47.6% of NK patients. Both mutations did not co-occur except in one case. IDH positive patients were significantly older than IDH negative patients (p=0.003). There was no statistically significant correlation between any of the clinical parameters and the IDH mutations. FAB-M2 was the most common FAB subtype among IDH positive patients. No correlation between IDH mutations and NPM1 or FLT3 could be demonstrated. IDH positive patients had significantly lower CR rates after induction chemotherapy than IDH negative patients (p=0.021).

Conclusion: IDH1, 2 mutations are recurring genetic alterations in AML with a higher incidence in patients with normal karyotype and they may have an unfavorable impact on clinical outcome in adult AML patients.
Full‐Spectrum Persistent Luminescence Tuning Using All‐Inorganic Perovskite Quantum Dots
Authors: Gong Zhongliang , Zheng Wei , Gao Yu , Huang Ping , Tu Datao , Li Renfu , Wei Jiaojiao , Zhang Wen , Zhang Yunqin , Chen Xueyuan
Published: March 2019

Applications of persistent luminescence phosphors as night or dark‐light vision materials in many technological fields have fueled up a growing demand for rational control over the emission profiles of the phosphors. This, however, remains a daunting challenge. Now a unique strategy is reported to fine‐tune the persistent luminescence by using all‐inorganic CsPbX3 (X=Cl, Br, and I) perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) as efficient light‐conversion materials. Full‐spectrum persistent luminescence with wavelengths covering the entire visible spectral region is achieved through tailoring of the PeQD band gap, in parallel with narrow bandwidth of PeQDs and highly synchronized afterglow decay owing to the single energy storage source. These findings break through the limitations of traditional afterglow phosphors, thereby opening up opportunities for persistent luminescence materials for applications such as a white‐emitting persistent light source and dark‐light multicolor displays.
Lichtinduzierte orthogonale Bildung kovalenter Bindungen durch zwei Wellenlängen
Authors: Menzel Jan P. , Feist Florian , Tuten Bryan , Weil Tanja , Blinco James P. , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher
Published: March 2019

Wir stellen lichtinduzierte Reaktionen in einem Mehrkomponentensystem vor, die durch die Wahl der Wellenlänge und des Lösungsmittels reihenfolgenunabhängig λ‐orthogonal durchgeführt werden können. 2,5‐Diphenyltetrazole werden durch Licht einer LED mit Emissionsmaximum λmax=285 nm mit N‐Ethylmaleimid in einer Lösung aus Acetonitril und Wasser umgesetzt, während gleichzeitig vorliegende o‐Methylbenzaldehyd‐Thioether nicht reagieren. Im Gegenzug werden die o‐Methylbenzaldhyde durch längerwelliges LED‐Licht, λmax=382 nm, über eine o‐Chinodimethanzwischenstufe mit N‐Ethylmaleimid in Acetonitril umgesetzt, wahrend das entsprechende Tetrazol erhalten bleibt. Diese unerwartete photochemische Selektivität wird durch Kontrolle der Menge und Wellenlänge der eingestrahlten Photonen sowie die optischen Eigenschaften und Quantenausbeuten der Reaktanten im ausgewählten Lösungsmittelgemisch ermöglicht.
The surface behaviour of white sharks during ecotourism: A baseline for monitoring this threatened species around Guadalupe Island, Mexico
Authors: Becerril‐García Edgar E. , Hoyos‐Padilla Edgar M. , Micarelli Primo , Galván‐Magaña Felipe , Sperone Emilio
Published: March 2019

Cage diving is the most important activity for the sustainable use of white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias). However, information related to their behaviour during ecotourism is scarce.

This study provides useful information for monitoring C. carcharias during cage‐diving activities around Guadalupe Island, Mexico. Surface behaviour of 106 white sharks was recorded for 87 days on‐board six cage‐diving boats in 2012, 2013, and 2014.

Of the observed sharks, 63% were immature specimens (n = 67) and 37% were considered mature (n = 39). Seventy‐one per cent were males (n = 75) and 29% were females (n = 31).

Interactions were classified into one of the 11 behaviours: parading, close inspection, horizontal attack, vertical attack, bait catching, feeding, not feeding, buoy catching, encounter, escape, and staying.

Parading, close inspections, and horizontal attacks were performed more often by mature males, whereas immature females performed more vertical attacks, with no differences between mature and immature males.

A total of 1,542 ethograms were registered. Each ethogram consisted on average of 6.3 ± 5.6 behaviours with a significant transitional pattern from horizontal attacks to parading and close inspections, and from vertical and horizontal attacks to bait being caught.

A pattern related to feeding in a simple stimulus response reflex was observed. The shark's length seems to play an important role in the efficiency of the attacks, presumably resulting from the experience of mature individuals. Intentional feeding should be avoided to prevent negative effects related to ecotourism.

This study constitutes a baseline for future research on white shark behaviour. It can be applied in other regions regardless of environmental conditions, quantity and size of the boats, and types of bait. Using this standard method could improve the monitoring, management, and conservation of this vulnerable species.
An interactive computational strategy for teaching the analysis of silo structures in civil engineering
Authors: García‐Macías Enrique , Castro‐Triguero Rafael , Saavedra Flores Erick I. , Yanez Sergio J. , Hinrechsen Karen
Published: March 2019

In this article, a Matlab‐based software environment called Guide Silo Design (GSD) is proposed to help undergraduate students to better understand the complex phenomena involved in the analysis process of silo structures. The software is integrated with two commercial finite element softwares. These are the Open Application Programming Interface (OAPI) code in SAP2000 and the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL) code in ANSYS. GSD allows civil engineering students to create a virtual simulation environment in which an effective and appropriate teaching‐learning process can be experienced. The GSD environment is programmed in Matlab using a finite element‐based mathematical framework. Furthermore, as the analysis of silo structures is highly relevant in real engineering projects, students can acquire fundamental knowledge for their future works as engineers. The present interactive virtual environment has great potential to improve the learning process of the analysis of silo structures.
Very long‐term survivors among patients with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Carbonnaux Mélodie , Brahmi Mehdi , Schiffler Camille , Meeus Pierre , Sunyach Marie‐Pierre , Bouhamama Amine , Karanian Marie , Tirode Franck , Pissaloux Daniel , Vaz Gualter , Ray‐Coquard Isabelle , Blay Jean‐Yves , Dufresne Armelle
Published: March 2019

Background

Metastatic soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a group of rare and heterogeneous mesenchymal tumors with a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of long‐term survivors and describe their presentation and management in a large cohort of patients with metastatic STS.

Methods

We collected information of patients with metastatic STS managed in Centre Leon Berard between 1985 and 2015 aiming to compare the group of patients alive 5 years after the diagnosis of metastases vs the others. Prognostic factors of patients and tumors characteristics were investigated by logistic regression analysis. For “long‐term survivors,” we explored therapeutic strategies at metastatic stage.

Results

Out of 436 patients enrolled, 39 (9%) were still alive 5 years after diagnostic of metastases with a median survival of 146 months (12 years). This “long‐term survivors” group included more female and younger patients, with better performance status, more synovial sarcoma or endometrial stromal sarcoma, more patients with simple genomic sarcomas, lower tumor grade, smaller tumor, and longer disease‐free interval. In multivariate analysis, age below 55 at metastatic stage (P = 0.0002) and grade 1 tumor (P < 0.0001) were significantly associated with the “long‐term survivors.” Their therapeutic management was usually aggressive (intensified or polychemotherapy, repeated local treatment of metastases), leading to 62% of complete response in first‐line setting.

Conclusions

Very long‐term survivors are observed in metastatic STS. Selection of patients in good condition with less aggressive tumor and administration of intensive treatment may lead to obtain these motivating results in a poor prognosis disease.
Facile Synthesis of BiVO4 for Visible‐Light‐Induced C−C Bond Cleavage of Alkenes to Generate Carbonyls
Authors: Han Sung Su , Park Joon Yong , Hwang Ho Seong , Choe Hye Rin , Nam Ki Min , Cho Eun Jin
Published: March 2019

BiVO4 crystals synthesized by an ultrasonic‐assisted method (Sono‐BiVO4) showed improved efficiency as a heterogeneous photocatalyst under visible‐light irradiation. Sono‐BiVO4 was successfully used for the C−C bond cleavage of alkenes to generate carbonyl compounds. Styrene derivatives were converted into carbonyl compounds in the presence of Sono‐BiVO4 under highly sustainable conditions requiring only natural sources, that is, molecular oxygen, visible light, and water at room temperature. Additionally, Sono‐BiVO4 could be easily separated from the reaction mixture and reused.
A comparison of the association between large haplotype blocks under selection and the presence/absence of inversions
Authors: Lamichhaney Sangeet , Andersson Leif
Published: March 2019

Inversions may contribute to ecological adaptation and phenotypic diversity, and with the advent of “second” and “third” generation sequencing technologies, the ability to detect inversion polymorphisms has been enhanced dramatically. A key molecular consequence of an inversion is the suppression of recombination allowing independent accumulation of genetic changes between alleles over time. This may lead to the development of divergent haplotype blocks maintained by balancing selection. Thus, divergent haplotype blocks are often considered as indicating the presence of an inversion. In this paper, we first review the features of a 7.7 Mb inversion causing the Rose‐comb phenotype in chicken, as a model for how inversions evolve and directly affect phenotypes. Second, we compare the genetic basis for alternative mating strategies in ruff and timing of reproduction in Atlantic herring, both associated with divergent haplotype blocks. Alternative male mating strategies in ruff are associated with a 4.5 Mb inversion that occurred about 4 million years ago. In fact, the ruff inversion shares some striking features with the Rose‐comb inversion such as disruption of a gene at one of the inversion breakpoints and generation of a new allele by recombination between the inverted and noninverted alleles. In contrast, inversions do not appear to be a major reason for the fairly large haplotype blocks (range 10–200 kb) associated with ecological adaptation in the herring. Thus, it is important to note that divergent haplotypes may also be maintained by natural selection in the absence of structural variation.
On‐chip electromembrane extraction of acidic drugs
Authors: Roman‐Hidalgo Cristina , Santigosa‐Murillo Elia , Ramos‐Payán María , Petersen Nickolaj J. , Kutter Jörg P. , Pedersen‐Bjergaard Stig
Published: March 2019

In the present work, a new supported liquid membrane (SLM) has been developed for on‐chip electromembrane extraction of acidic drugs combined with HPLC or CE, providing significantly higher stability than those reported up to date. The target analytes are five widely used non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): ibuprofen (IBU), diclofenac (DIC), naproxen (NAX), ketoprofen (KTP) and salicylic acid (SAL). Two different microchip devices were used, both consisted basically of two poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) plates with individual channels for acceptor and sample solutions, respectively, and a 25 µm thick porous polypropylene membrane impregnated with the organic solvent in between. The SLM consisting of a mixture of 1‐undecanol and 2‐nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) in a ratio 1:3 was found to be the most suitable liquid membrane for the extraction of these acidic drugs under dynamic conditions. It showed a long‐term stability of at least 8 hours, a low system current around 20 µA, and recoveries over 94% for the target analytes. NPOE was included in the SLM to significantly decrease the extraction current compared to pure 1‐undecanol, while the extraction properties was almost unaffected. Moreover, it has been successfully applied to the determination of the target analytes in human urine samples, providing high extraction efficiency.
A case study of atypical Larsen syndrome with absent hallmark joint dislocations
Authors: Kodra Neslida , Diamonstein Callie , Hauser Natalie S.
Published: March 2019

Background

A family with skeletal and craniofacial anomalies is presented. Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) analysis indicated a diagnosis of Larsen syndrome, although their clinical presentation does not include the hallmark joint dislocations typically observed in Larsen syndrome.

Methods

Patient consent for the sharing of de‐identified clinical and genetic information, along with use of photographs for publication, was obtained.

WES and variant segregation analysis by WES were performed by commercial laboratory, GeneDx (Gaithersburg, MD), on peripheral blood samples from the proband, her brother, and her parents using methods detailed on their website for testXomeDx Whole Exome Sequencing Trio(https://www.genedx.com/test-catalog/available-tests/xomedx-whole-exome-sequencing-trio/). WES uses next‐generation sequencing (NGS) technology to assess for variants within the coding regions, or exons, of approximately 23,000 genes. For theFLNBgene (NM_001457.3), 100% of the coding region was covered at a minimum of 10x. GeneDx uses Sanger sequencing to confirm NGS variants.

Results

WES revealed a heterozygous pathogenic variant, p.Glu227Lys (c.679G>A), in theFLNBgene in three out of the four family members tested. This variant is associated with Larsen syndrome, a skeletal dysplasia condition with a wide range of phenotypic variability that usually includes congenital joint dislocations.

Conclusion

This is a highly unusual presentation of Larsen syndrome in which the identifying hallmark trait is absent in the patients’ phenotypes.
Cost function optimization for predictive control of a five‐phase IM drive
Authors: Arahal Manuel R. , Martín Cristina , Kowal Agnieszka , Castilla María , Barrero Federico
Published: March 2019

Model predictive control has been used, for some time now, as a method to directly control power converters in electrical systems. The usual practice is tuning the cost function of the controller to obtain a certain compromise solution over the whole operating range of the system. This method is extended here to consider multiple, locally optimal, and tunings. The design objectives (tracking error, switching frequency, etc) are used to define a unique performance index that is locally optimized. In this way, the parameters of the cost function are linked to the current operating point. The tuning at each operating point is obtained numerically solving the optimization of the performance index. Although the idea can be applied to induction machines with any number of phases, in this paper, a five‐phase induction motor is considered for presentation. This system is a demanding case due to the extra number of phases compared with the traditional three‐phase motor. Simulation and experimental results are presented to assess the proposed predictive controller.