bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Mendelssohn of the Eighteenth Century: Tonal Growth, Functional Fluidity and Formal Complication in the First Movement of the D Major Quartet, Op. 44 No. 1
Authors: Taylor Benedict
Published: April 2024

This article examines the elaborate compositional processes at work in the opening movement of Mendelssohn's Quartet in D major, Op. 44 No. 1 (1838) in the service of advancing and further refining the application of contemporary Formenlehre to nineteenth‐century music. Most conspicuous of these features is the role taken by the key of F♯ minor, iii of the tonic, which assumes increasing prominence over the course of the exposition, culminating in a curious ostensible secondary theme (bar 71) which appears initially to contradict the tonality of A major just confirmed. This harmonic argument runs alongside a fluid approach to phrase and interthematic structure, in which not only are the erstwhile first theme and transitional material subject to functional transformation but the latter is further elided with potential secondary material, while no terminating cadence (or EEC) is present either. Current analytical approaches – foremost here, sonata theory – cannot fully elucidate the subtlety of Mendelssohn's procedure (one might variously argue for an overridden medial caesura, a secondary theme starting in multiple places, a continuous or even a failed exposition), and nonetheless, clear precedents for individual elements of Mendelssohn's design can be found earlier in the music of Haydn and Mozart. Mendelssohn's movement raises significant questions about recent approaches to theorising nineteenth‐century form and its relation to Classical precedents, not all of which can be easily answered.
Complete genome sequence of
Yokenella regensburgei
isolated from a patient with urinary tract infection in India
Authors: Sahni Rani Diana , V Aravind , Suji Thangamani , V Annie Sheeba , Jayanth Selvin Theodore
Published: April 2024

Yokenella regensburgei
, an environmental organism, is an emerging pathogen in patients chiefly with immune suppression. We report the draft genome of
Y. regensburgei
, strain UU2206353, isolated from the urinary tract of an immunocompetent individual. The assembled genome consisted of 4,669,536 bp distributed over 20 contigs with 4,283 protein-coding genes.
Retrospective validation of a rapid Lyme fluorescent immunoassay in differentiating Lyme arthritis from other musculoskeletal presentations in children in a Lyme-endemic region
Authors: Donovan Alexis , Quilty Rebecca , Joy Bryn K. , Seddigh Shahriar , Coatsworth Heather , Gauthier Luke , Comeau Jeannette L. , Lang Bianca , Leblanc Jason , Hatchette Todd , Stringer Elizabeth
Published: April 2024

Lyme arthritis can present similarly to other causes of joint pain and swelling including septic arthritis and other acute and chronic arthropathies of childhood. Septic arthritis, although rare, constitutes an orthopedic emergency and requires early surgical intervention to reduce the risk of permanent joint damage. Currently, results of standard serologic tests to diagnose Lyme disease take days to weeks, which is unhelpful in acute clinical decision-making. Thus, some children with Lyme arthritis are treated empirically for septic arthritis undergoing unnecessary invasive procedures and hospital admission while on inappropriate antibiotic therapy. We retrospectively validated the Quidel Sofia Lyme Fluorescent Immunoassay, a rapid serologic assay that can detect IgG and/or IgM antibodies to
Borrelia burgdorferi
in 10 minutes, in residual serum samples collected from 51 children who had Lyme arthritis and 55 children with musculoskeletal presentations who were Lyme negative. The sensitivity and specificity of the Sofia IgG to identify cases of Lyme arthritis in children were 100% (95% confidence interval [CI] of 93.0%–100%) and 96.4% (95% CI: 87.5%–99.6%), respectively. The positive likelihood ratio (LR) was 27.5 (95% CI 7–107), and the negative LR was 0.00 (95% LR 0.00–0.15). We propose that the Sofia IgG, a rapid method for identifying Lyme arthritis, may be useful in differentiating Lyme arthritis from other forms of arthritis. Used in conjunction with readily available clinical and laboratory variables, it could help to rapidly identify children who are at low risk of septic arthritis in Lyme-endemic regions.

IMPORTANCE

Lyme arthritis is a common manifestation of Lyme disease in children, with clinical features overlapping with other causes of acute and chronic joint pain/swelling in children. We have demonstrated that the Sofia IgG is a reliable test to rule in and rule out the diagnosis of Lyme arthritis in children with musculoskeletal presentations in a Lyme-endemic region. When used in conjunction with clinical and laboratory variables routinely considered when differentiating Lyme arthritis from other diagnoses, the Sofia IgG has the potential to fill an important gap in care, especially when acute decision-making is necessary. The Sofia IgG should be included in prospective research studies examining clinical prediction tools to identify children at low risk of septic arthritis.
Langmuir wave dynamics and plasma instabilities: Insights from generalized coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations
Authors: Khater Mostafa M. A. , Elagan S. K. , Fawakhreh Anwar Jabor , Alsubei Beida Mohsen Tami , Vokhmintsev Aleksander
Published: April 2024

This study aims to tackle the generalized coupled nonlinear Schrödinger ([Formula: see text] – [Formula: see text]) equations, with a focus on understanding their physical significance and stability, especially in the realm of plasma physics. These equations are crucial for grasping the complex dynamics of wave interactions within plasma systems, which are fundamental for phenomena like wave-particle interactions, turbulence, and magnetic confinement.

We employ analytical methods such as the generalized rational ([Formula: see text]at) and Khater II ([Formula: see text]hat.II) techniques, along with characterizing the system using Hamiltonian principles, to carefully examine the stability of solutions. The relevance of this model extends across various plasma phenomena, including electromagnetic wave propagation, Langmuir wave dynamics, and plasma instabilities.

By applying these analytical techniques, we derive solutions and investigate their stability using Hamiltonian dynamics, providing valuable insights into the fundamental behavior of nonlinear plasma waves. Our findings reveal the existence of stable solutions under specific conditions, thus advancing our understanding of plasma dynamics significantly.

This research carries significant implications for fields such as plasma physics, astrophysics, and fusion research, where a deep understanding of plasma wave stability and dynamics is crucial. Essentially, our study represents a scholarly effort to offer fresh perspectives on the behavior of [Formula: see text] – [Formula: see text] equations within plasma systems, contributing to the academic discourse on plasma wave phenomena.
Feature Extraction and Classification of Power Quality Disturbances Using Optimized Tunable-Q Wavelet Transform and Incremental Support Vector Machine
Authors: Samanta Indu Sekhar , Rout Pravat Kumar , Swain Kunjabihari , Mishra Satyasis , Cherukuri Murthy
Published: April 2024

The widespread integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) into power systems using power electronics-based interface devices has led to a substantial rise in power quality (PQ) issues. There is an immediate requirement for effective monitoring, detection, and classification of power quality disturbances (PQDs) that is needed to take remedial measures and design planning of the system architecture. This study presents a hybrid approach with an objective for the feature extraction and classification of PQDs. The proposed hybrid approach is comprised of an optimized tunable-Q wavelet transform (OTQWT) for the feature extraction and incremental support vector machine (ISVM). A four-stage approach is suggested for the PQ detection and classification in this study. In the first stage, the various data are retrieved both in the form of synthetic data by mathematical formulations and real-time data with prototype design setup. In the second stage, regardless of the specified wavelet function, the PQD signals are decomposed into low-pass and high-pass sub-bands using the tunable-Q wavelet transform (TQWT). However, the utilization of default decomposition parameters to address nonstationary PQ signals may lead to information loss and reduced performance of the system. To avoid this limitation, an OTQWT as an enhanced technique to TQWT based on an Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) is suggested. A modified objective function based on the mean square error (MSE) is used to improve the decomposition process. In the third stage, an efficient classifier is suggested based on the ISVM. Lastly, to test and evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, twelve types of PQDs including noise and multiple occurrences are considered. The comparative analysis with other popular methods reflects the better performance of the proposed approach and justifies its use for PQ detection and classification purposes in real-time​ conditions.
A New Fractional Representation of the Higher Order Taylor Scheme
Authors: Batiha Iqbal M. , Jebril Iqbal H. , Abdelnebi Amira , Dahmani Zoubir , Alkhazaleh Shawkat , Anakira Nidal
Published: April 2024

In this work, we suggest a new numerical scheme called the fractional higher order Taylor method (FHOTM) to solve fractional differential equations (FDEs). Using the generalized Taylor’s theorem is the fundamental concept of this approach. Then, the local truncation error generated by the suggested FHOTM is estimated by proving suitable theoretical results. At last, several numerical applications are given to demonstrate the applicability of the suggested approach in relation to their exact solutions.
ContourTL-Net: Contour-Based Transfer Learning Algorithm for Early-Stage Brain Tumor Detection
Authors: Md. Ashafuddula N. I. , Islam Rafiqul
Published: April 2024

Brain tumors are critical neurological ailments caused by uncontrolled cell growth in the brain or skull, often leading to death. An increasing patient longevity rate requires prompt detection; however, the complexities of brain tissue make early diagnosis challenging. Hence, automated tools are necessary to aid healthcare professionals. This study is particularly aimed at improving the efficacy of computerized brain tumor detection in a clinical setting through a deep learning model. Hence, a novel thresholding-based MRI image segmentation approach with a transfer learning model based on contour (ContourTL-Net) is suggested to facilitate the clinical detection of brain malignancies at an initial phase. The model utilizes contour-based analysis, which is critical for object detection, precise segmentation, and capturing subtle variations in tumor morphology. The model employs a VGG-16 architecture priorly trained on the “ImageNet” collection for feature extraction and categorization. The model is designed to utilize its ten nontrainable and three trainable convolutional layers and three dropout layers. The proposed ContourTL-Net model is evaluated on two benchmark datasets in four ways, among which an unseen case is considered as the clinical aspect. Validating a deep learning model on unseen data is crucial to determine the model’s generalization capability, domain adaptation, robustness, and real-world applicability. Here, the presented model’s outcomes demonstrate a highly accurate classification of the unseen data, achieving a perfect sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) of 100%, 98.60% specificity, 99.12% precision, 99.56% F1-score, and 99.46% accuracy. Additionally, the outcomes of the suggested model are compared with state-of-the-art methodologies to further enhance its effectiveness. The proposed solution outperforms the existing solutions in both seen and unseen data, with the potential to significantly improve brain tumor detection efficiency and accuracy, leading to earlier diagnoses and improved patient outcomes.
Proposing Smart System for Detecting and Monitoring Vehicle Using Multiobject Multicamera Tracking
Authors: Huu Phat Nguyen , Anh Bang Nguyen , Minh Quang Tran
Published: April 2024

Nowadays, the strong development of the economy and society has driven the increase in traffic participation, making traffic management increasingly difficult. To effectively address this issue, AI applications are being applied to improve urban traffic management and operations. Therefore, we propose a smart system to detect and monitor vehicles across multiple surveillance cameras. Our system leverages data collected from traffic surveillance cameras and harnesses the power of deep learning technology to detect and track vehicles smoothly. To achieve this, we use the YOLO model for detection in conjunction with the DeepSORT algorithm for precise vehicle tracking on each camera. Furthermore, our system uses a ResNet backbone model for feature extraction of objects within each camera’s frame. It utilizes cosine distance to identify similar objects in other cameras, facilitating multicamera tracking. To ensure optimal performance, our system is implemented using the NVIDIA DeepStream SDK, enabling it to achieve an impressive speed of 21 fps on each camera and an average of precision approximately 85% for three modules. The results of our study affirm the system’s suitability and its potential for practical applications in the field of urban traffic management.
Supplementary Table 3 from Modeling Myeloma Dissemination In Vitro with hMSC-interacting Subpopulations of INA-6 Cells and Their Aggregation/Detachment Dynamics
Authors: Kuric Martin , Beck Susanne , Schneider Doris , Rindt Wyonna , Evers Marietheres , Meißner-Weigl Jutta , Zeck Sabine , Krug Melanie , Herrmann Marietta , Hartmann Tanja Nicole , Leich Ellen , Rudert Maximilian , Docheva Denitsa , Seckinger Anja , Hose Dirk , Jundt Franziska , Ebert Regina
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Table 3
Supplementary Table 2 from Modeling Myeloma Dissemination In Vitro with hMSC-interacting Subpopulations of INA-6 Cells and Their Aggregation/Detachment Dynamics
Authors: Kuric Martin , Beck Susanne , Schneider Doris , Rindt Wyonna , Evers Marietheres , Meißner-Weigl Jutta , Zeck Sabine , Krug Melanie , Herrmann Marietta , Hartmann Tanja Nicole , Leich Ellen , Rudert Maximilian , Docheva Denitsa , Seckinger Anja , Hose Dirk , Jundt Franziska , Ebert Regina
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Table 2
Supplementary Figures 1-8 from Modeling Myeloma Dissemination In Vitro with hMSC-interacting Subpopulations of INA-6 Cells and Their Aggregation/Detachment Dynamics
Authors: Kuric Martin , Beck Susanne , Schneider Doris , Rindt Wyonna , Evers Marietheres , Meißner-Weigl Jutta , Zeck Sabine , Krug Melanie , Herrmann Marietta , Hartmann Tanja Nicole , Leich Ellen , Rudert Maximilian , Docheva Denitsa , Seckinger Anja , Hose Dirk , Jundt Franziska , Ebert Regina
Published: April 2024

Supplementary Figure 1. Principle and quantification of the V-well adhesion assay of fluorescently labeled myeloma cells adapted by Weetall et al. 2001.

Supplementary Figure 2. Validation of image cytometric analysis of cell cycle in four INA-6 cultures.

Supplementary Figure 3. Cell cycle analysis of INA-6 pellets gained from V-Well Adhesion assay (Fig. 3).

Supplementary Figure 4. Representative (one of the four independent sample sets as seen in Supplementary Figure 3) curve fitting analysis of cell cycle profiles generated by Image Cytometry.

Supplementary Figure 5. Correlation of RNAseq with qPCR Left: Validation of RNAseq results (Fig. 4) with qPCR showing the log2(foldchange expression) of 18 genes.

Supplementary Figure 6. Functional enrichment analysis by Metascape using genes that are differentially expressed between MSC-interacting subpopulations.

Supplementary Figure 7. Expression levels of adhesion genes that are downregulated and associated with survival (p < 0.01). Bone Marrow Plasma Cell (BMPC), Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS), Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (sMM), Multiple Myeloma (MM), Multiple Myeloma Relapse (MMR).

Supplementary Figure 8. Expression levels of adhesion genes that are not downregulated and associated with survival (p < 0.01).
FIGURE 3 from Modeling Myeloma Dissemination In Vitro with hMSC-interacting Subpopulations of INA-6 Cells and Their Aggregation/Detachment Dynamics
Authors: Kuric Martin , Beck Susanne , Schneider Doris , Rindt Wyonna , Evers Marietheres , Meißner-Weigl Jutta , Zeck Sabine , Krug Melanie , Herrmann Marietta , Hartmann Tanja Nicole , Leich Ellen , Rudert Maximilian , Docheva Denitsa , Seckinger Anja , Hose Dirk , Jundt Franziska , Ebert Regina
Published: April 2024

Detachment of INA-6 daughter cells after cell division. A–D, INA-6 divisions in interaction with confluent hMSCs. Seeding ratio INA-6:MSC = 4:20. A, Three examples of dividing INA-6 cells generating either two MA, or one MA and one nMA daughter cells as described in G. Dashed circles mark mother cells (white), MA cell (blue), and first position of nMA cell (green). Scale bar: 20 µm. B, Cell division of MSC-adhering (MA) mother cell can yield one mobile non–MSC-adhering (nMA) daughter cell. C, Frequencies of INA-6 pairs defined in A and B per observed cell division. A total of 65 divisions were evaluated for each of three independent time-lapse recordings. D, Rolling duration of nMA cells after division did not depend on hMSC donor [H(2) = 5.250, P-unc = 0y.072]. Datapoints represent single nMA cells after division. E–G, Adhesive and cell cycle assessment of MSC-interacting INA-6 subpopulations using the V-Well assay. E, Schematic of V-Well Assay (see Supplementary Fig. S1 for detailed analysis). MSC-interacting subpopulations were separated by subsequent centrifugation and removal of the pellet. The pellet size was quantified by its total fluorescence brightness. Adhering subpopulations were resuspended by rough pipetting. F, Relative cell pellet sizes of adhesive INA-6 subpopulations that cycle either asynchronously or were synchronized at mitosis. Gray lines in-between points connect dependent measurements of cocultures (n = 9) that shared the same hMSC-donor and INA-6 culture. Cocultures were incubated for three different durations (1, 2, and 3 hours after INA-6 addition). Timepoints were pooled, since time did not show an effect on cell adhesion [F(2,4) = 1.414, P-unc = 0.343]. Factorial RM-ANOVA shows an interaction between cell cycle and the kind of adhesive subpopulation [F(1, 8) = 42.67, P-unc = 1.82e-04]. Technical replicates = 4 per datapoint. G, Cell cycles were profiled in cells gathered from the pellets of four independent cocultures (n = 4) and the frequency of G0–G1 cells are displayed depending on coculture duration (see Supplementary Fig. S3 for cell cycle profiles). Four technical replicates were pooled after pelleting. Statistics: D: Kruskal–Wallis H-test. F: Paired t test. G: Paired t test, two-factor RM-ANOVA. Datapoints represent INA-6 from independent cocultures with hMSCs from 3 unique donors.
Data from Modeling Myeloma Dissemination In Vitro with hMSC-interacting Subpopulations of INA-6 Cells and Their Aggregation/Detachment Dynamics
Authors: Kuric Martin , Beck Susanne , Schneider Doris , Rindt Wyonna , Evers Marietheres , Meißner-Weigl Jutta , Zeck Sabine , Krug Melanie , Herrmann Marietta , Hartmann Tanja Nicole , Leich Ellen , Rudert Maximilian , Docheva Denitsa , Seckinger Anja , Hose Dirk , Jundt Franziska , Ebert Regina
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Multiple myeloma involves early dissemination of malignant plasma cells across the bone marrow; however, the initial steps of dissemination remain unclear. Human bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC) stimulate myeloma cell expansion (e.g., IL6) and simultaneously retain myeloma cells via chemokines (e.g., CXCL12) and adhesion factors. Hence, we hypothesized that the imbalance between cell division and retention drives dissemination. We present an in vitro model using primary hMSCs cocultured with INA-6 myeloma cells. Time-lapse microscopy revealed proliferation and attachment/detachment dynamics. Separation techniques (V-well adhesion assay and well plate sandwich centrifugation) were established to isolate MSC-interacting myeloma subpopulations that were characterized by RNA sequencing, cell viability, and apoptosis. Results were correlated with gene expression data (n = 837) and survival of patients with myeloma (n = 536). On dispersed hMSCs, INA-6 saturate hMSC surface before proliferating into large homotypic aggregates, from which single cells detached completely. On confluent hMSCs, aggregates were replaced by strong heterotypic hMSC–INA-6 interactions, which modulated apoptosis time dependently. Only INA-6 daughter cells (nMA-INA6) detached from hMSCs by cell division but sustained adherence to hMSC-adhering mother cells (MA-INA6). Isolated nMA-INA6 indicated hMSC autonomy through superior viability after IL6 withdrawal and upregulation of proliferation-related genes. MA-INA6 upregulated adhesion and retention factors (CXCL12), that, intriguingly, were highly expressed in myeloma samples from patients with longer overall and progression-free survival, but their expression decreased in relapsed myeloma samples. Altogether, in vitro dissemination of INA-6 is driven by detaching daughter cells after a cycle of hMSC-(re)attachment and proliferation, involving adhesion factors that represent a bone marrow–retentive phenotype with potential clinical relevance.
Significance:
Novel methods describe in vitro dissemination of myeloma cells as detachment of daughter cells after cell division. Myeloma adhesion genes were identified that counteract in vitro detachment with potential clinical relevance.
O Melodrama e o Naturalismo em La Terra Trema
Authors: Aguilera Yanet
Published: April 2024

La Terra Trema is conceived by Visconti as a work that operates both as fiction and documentary in which the difficulties and exploration of the people deprived of their own land are seen through a surprising mixture of commotion and objectivity. Devices generally associated with objectivity such as the plastic elements of the image and the recourse to a narrative voice function as a means to hide the process of identification that lies behind the objective view they suggest. In between these two opposite narrative options, La Terra Trema addresses the spectator in an attempt to rise its critical conscience.
Do “Brasil” de Rousseau ao “Brasil” de Defoe: Indivíduo e Novo Mundo
Authors: Prado Raquel de Almeida
Published: April 2024

Trata-se aqui de mostrar a distância que separa a representação do indivíduo na obra de Rousseau daquela de Defoe, apesar da eleição, no Emílio, de Robinson Crusoe como modelo do “homem natural”.
Céu sem Deuses
Authors: Ferreira José Bento Machado
Published: April 2024

Trata-se de vincular alguns temas comuns às poesias de Hölderlin e Cruz e Souza.
O Descanso da Vontade na Estética de Schopenhauer
Authors: Salviano Jarlee Oliveira Silva
Published: April 2024

The text intends to do an analysis of Schopenhauer's aesthetics contained in the third book of his work "The World as will and representation" and in the supplement to this work (added in the second publication in 1844). So we take as guide the concept "denial of will", which relates his aesthetics to his ethics contained in the fourth book.
Older People and Connectivity: How Has the Pandemic Changed the Older Population’s Use of ICT s and Social Networks?
Authors: Mairal-Llebot María , Latorre-Cosculluela Cecilia , Liesa-Orús Marta , Cored-Bandrés Sergio
Published: April 2024

The arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic has triggered numerous changes in our lives. Digital tools have made it possible to continue with the development of tasks or activities of multiple kinds. This fact has not bypassed the elderly who often find themselves in a situation of inequality caused by the generational digital divide. Using a mixed methodology combining quantitative and qualitative techniques, this study aims to understand and analyze how this situation has influenced the use of ICT s and social networks by the elderly. The research participants are 415 students from the University of Experience of a Spanish university aged 55–84 years old. The results obtained show changes in the way participants relate to technology since the beginning of the pandemic in terms of time and purpose. It also highlights the need to take measures to combat the generational digital divide, a problem that older people recognize as their own.
The Social and Biomedical Hurdles Associated with COVID-19: Eclectic Contexts
Authors: Mungai Ndungi wa , Kang’ethe Simon Murote
Published: April 2024

The advent of COVID-19 continues to present social and biomedical challenges that this article endeavors to explore through a systematic critical review of the literature. The article has also benefited from the researchers’ intuition and experiences they have acquired from investigating trends of SARS-CoV-2 virus dynamics. It has also benefited from engaging in informal conversations with researchers and lay people interested in addressing the myriad challenges posed by COVID-19. Findings have generated the following thematic discussions: stigma and stigmatization surrounding the disease, skewed global response, gender disparity, human rights dynamics, vaccine dynamics and dilemmas, and poverty associated with coronavirus advent. The article concludes by recognizing both biomedical and socioeconomic implications and the emerging social disparities and unequal access to pharmacotherapeutics.
A new species of Habenaria (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae, Orchideae) from Yunnan, China
Authors: LIN DONGLIANG , QIN SHIYU , JIN XIAOHUA
Published: April 2024

A new species of Orchidaceae, Habenaria tiechangensis, from Yunnan province is described and illustrated based on morphological characters and molecular phylogenetic analysis. The results indicated that it belongs to H. josephi group and is similar to H. diplonema but differs from the latter by having short and lanceolate lateral lobes of lip and a pair of distinctive horn-like stigmas.
Petrorhagia dubia subsp. mustafanus (Caryophyllaceae), a new subspecies from Turkey
Authors: OSKAY DILEK
Published: April 2024

Petrorhagia dubia subsp. mustafanus (Caryophyllaceae) is described as a new subspecies from Dede mountain in Soma (Manisa), west Anatolia, Turkey. Diagnosis, description, preferential habitat, distribution, conservation status, and original photographs are given, as well as a comparison with the similar P. dubia subsp. dubia is discussed.
Erratum: KIRAN GANGADHAR CHAKRAL, SUCHANDRA RANJIT DUTTA, HENSAL RODRIGUES & MAYANK DWIVEDI (2024) Revisionary insights into the genus Ledebouria (Asparagaceae) from India. Phytotaxa 641 (1): 1–21.
Authors: CHAKRAL KIRAN GANGADHAR , DUTTA SUCHANDRA RANJIT , RODRIGUES HENSAL , DWIVEDI MAYANK
Published: April 2024

Erratum
A new Scaphoideini leafhopper genus from China (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae)
Authors: HU SHANGMI , WEI XINGTAO , XING JICHUN
Published: April 2024

A new genus of the tribe Scaphoideini from China, Paramelanetettix gen. nov. with P. expansivus sp. nov. as type species is described and illustrated. The type specimen of the new species is deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).
Study of rarely occurring males of Bosminopsis сf. africanus Daday, 1908 (Cladocera: Bosminidae) from SE Asia permits clarification of male-character based differentiation within the genus
Authors: GARIBIAN PETR G. , KOTOV ALEXEY A.
Published: April 2024

The genus Bosminopsis Richard, 1895 (Cladocera: Bosminidae) is common in the tropics and subtropics of different continents. B. deitersi Richard, 1895 was regarded as a cosmopolitan taxon, but in our previous publications, we have demonstrated the presence of at least four species in the world fauna. We have found that B. cf. africanus Daday, 1908 inhabits the Paleotropical zone, however, we were unable to provide a complete morphological description of its male. Now, thanks to the discovery of the males from SE Asia, we have the opportunity to make its description. We also make a comparison of the male morphology within the B. deitersi species group and for the first time provide a key for species identification based on male morphology.
Two new species of Bryaxis Kugelann, 1794 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae) from Montenegro
Authors: KOLIMÁR ROBERT , HLAVÁČ PETER , BAŇAŘ PETR
Published: April 2024

Two new species of the genus Bryaxis Kugelann, 1794, Bryaxis duboki sp. nov. and Bryaxis biogradensis sp. nov. from Montenegro are described and illustrated.
Divided by blood: Race and religion in early-modern Iberia
Authors: García-Arenal Mercedes
Published: April 2024

This article argues that the mass religious conversions that took place in early-modern Iberia from the end of the fourteenth century had enormous consequences, one of which was the increasing racialisation of religion. Jewish and Muslim minorities were forced to receive baptism, and although in principle the Church made no distinction among people who had been baptised, in practice the presence of large numbers of recent converts to Catholicism called this theology into question. In the process, as I will demonstrate in this article, religion was racialised, as many people became convinced that religion (both beliefs and ritual) was biological and was transmitted by blood. To support this argument, the article will focus, as a case study, on the discussion about whether to deny baptism to the children of Moriscos (converted Muslims) in the years preceding the general expulsion from Spain of the Moriscos (1609–11).
Hidden to Whom? Aspects of Visibility among People Who Died While Affected by Homelessness and Implications for Outreach
Authors: Neil Greene Richard
Published: April 2024

Service providers and researchers often describe people affected by homelessness as hidden. This study aims to study social relationships and implications for outreach services through a qualitative content analysis of reports written by field investigators for the New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator that involve people affected by homelessness who died between 2014 and 2019 across the state ( N = 512). Findings describe variation in what is newly conceptualized as the aspects of the visibility framework, which organizes people as most engaged and surveilled, most visible and exposed, or most hidden. Recommendations include facilitating greater engagement with hotel/motel management and staff about harm reduction and engaging more with local business communities and first responders (including the criminal-legal system). This research also conceptualizes subsistence ties, acquaintances that both provide longer-term support and further hide people who are precariously housed. Future research and policy recommendations are described.
The origins of film, psychology and the neurosciences
Authors: Evans Bonnie
Published: April 2024

The invention of film technologies in France at the end of the 19th century inspired neurologists and associated professionals to engage with this new medium to demonstrate their theories of the brain, the nervous system, and the mind. Beginning with the origins of cinema in Paris, this article explores how film technologies were used at La Salpêtrière, and beyond, to visualise internal mental processes, and to support the burgeoning sciences of the mind. This film-making became increasingly sophisticated by the late 1910s and early 1920s, creating innovative ways to present psychological experiences on film. This article focuses on films produced by Albert Londe, Vincenzo Neri, Gheorghe Marinescu, and Jean Comandon. It argues that these polymaths created new filming techniques that built complexity into the visual articulation of psychological concepts. Their films were essential to shaping early debates in neurology, psychology, and the observational sciences during this critical period in the establishment of the modern sciences of the self.
Effect of Service-Learning Physical Activity Programs on Kinesiology Students’ Attitudes Toward People With Disabilities
Authors: Park Junghoon , Garcia Elizabeth , Ichihara Michihito , Jung Taeyou , Narasaki-Jara Mai
Published: April 2024

Background: Service-learning (SL) programs have been shown to be effective for college students in developing positive attitudes toward people with disabilities (PWDs). Such positive attitudes are particularly important for Kinesiology (KIN) students as they are trained to become future health and fitness professionals. Purpose: The present study investigated the effect of a 10-week in-person versus virtual SL program on KIN students’ attitudes toward PWD. Methodology/Approach: A pre- postintervention, three-way, analysis of variance was utilized. This 3  ×  2 mixed model design was utilized to assess students’ attitudes toward PWD with three independent variables (in-person program, virtual program, and control) on two dependent variables (pre and post). Findings/Conclusions: There was significant Group × Time interaction. The between-group comparison showed a significant increase in Attitudes Toward Disabled Person scale score in the in-person SL group ( p < .05) compared to non-SL group. There were no significant differences in the virtual SL group. Implications: These results indicate that in-person SL is effective for improving students’ attitudes toward PWD, whereas virtual programs may not be as effective as in-person. In-person SL programs for KIN students may positively improve their attitudes toward PWD thus ameliorating interpersonal skills and creating more inclusive health and fitness professionals. KIN programs should consider SL programs with an emphasis on PWDs.
Bribe-Switching
Authors: Bologna Pavlik Jamie , Desierto Desiree
Published: April 2024

The US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) prohibits the payment of bribes to foreign public officials. We uncover an unintended consequence—the shadow economies of the countries of these officials increase after FCPA enforcement. Our hypothesis is that corrupt officials may be switching to taking bribes from illegal markets. We find that one case of FCPA enforcement alone increases the shadow economy by as much as 0.27 percentage points (pp), tree loss—an indicator of illegal logging—by 0.027 pp, and trade misinvoicing by 0.5 pp. Our results suggest the need to harmonize anti-corruption policies across all sectors—legal and illegal.
Hate-sharing: A case study of its prevalence and impact on Gab
Authors: Weigel Moira , Gitomer Adina
Published: April 2024

This article brings frameworks from literary and cultural studies and methods from network science to bear on a central topic in political communication research: polarization. Recent studies have called into question the argument that digital “echo chambers” exacerbate polarization by preventing members from encountering a diversity of information and opinions. Using Gab, a far-right social media platform, as a case study, we offer further evidence that even members of highly polarized publics do engage in “cross-cutting.” However, we develop a distinct concept of hate-sharing, or sharing content for the purpose of disagreeing with or denigrating it. We show that hate-sharing is common on Gab. Moreover, it is associated with stronger community structure than other kinds of sharing and appears to confer substantially greater influence on those who engage in it. We interpret these findings as evidence that social networks incentivize the production of networked outrage—where “hating on” linked content merges with hate.
Accuracy and Feasibility of Using a Smartphone Application for Carbohydrate Counting Versus Traditional Carbohydrate Counting for Adults With Insulin-Treated Diabetes
Authors: Shehab Mohammad , Cohen Robert M. , Brehm Bonnie , Bakas Tamilyn
Published: April 2024

Background:

Patients with insulin-treated diabetes struggle with performing accurate carbohydrate counting for proper blood glucose control. Little is known about the comparative accuracy and feasibility of carbohydrate counting methods.

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to determine whether carbohydrate counting using a smartphone application is more accurate and feasible than a traditional method.

Theoretical/conceptual framework:

Based on a conceptual model derived from the Technology Acceptance Model, feasibility was defined as usefulness, ease of use, and behavioral intention to use each method.

Methods:

A standardized meal was presented to 20 adults with insulin-treated diabetes who counted carbohydrates using traditional and smartphone methods. Accuracy was measured by comparing carbohydrate counting estimates with the standardized meal values. Perceived feasibility (usefulness, ease of use, behavioral intention) was measured using rating forms derived from the Technology Acceptance Model.

Results:

The number of training and estimation minutes were significantly higher for the traditional method than the smartphone method ( Z = −3.83, P < .05; Z = −2.30, P < .05). The traditional method took an additional 1.4 minutes for estimation and 12.5 minutes for training. There were no significant differences in accuracy between traditional and smartphone methods for carbohydrate counting (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Z = −1.10, P = .28). There were no significant differences between traditional and smartphone methods for feasibility (usefulness, Z = −.10, P = .95; ease of use, Z = −.36, P = .72; or behavioral intention, Z = −.94, P = .35).

Conclusion:

While both traditional and smartphone methods were found to be similar in terms of accuracy and feasibility, the smartphone method took less time for training and for carbohydrate estimation.
Predictive Value of Nasal Nitric Oxide for Diagnosing Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kim Do Hyun , Shin Hyesoo , Stybayeva Gulnaz , Hwang Se Hwan
Published: April 2024

Objectives

The primary aim of this study was to assess disparities in nasal nitric oxide (NO) levels between individuals diagnosed with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) and those without ECRS. The second aim was to ascertain the comparative predictive efficacy of these nasal NO levels for the presence of ECRS.

Methods

A systematic analysis was conducted on relevant studies that compared nasal NO levels in individuals with ECRS and those without. Furthermore, the discriminatory capacity of nasal NO in distinguishing ECRS from non-ECRS cohorts was quantified. The risk of bias across studies was evaluated utilizing the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Results

The comprehensive review encompassed a total of 5 studies involving 470 participants. Findings revealed that patients diagnosed with ECRS exhibited significantly higher levels of nasal NO, as measured in parts per billion (ppb), compared to their non-ECRS patients. The mean difference was 130.03 ppb (95% confidence interval: [66.30, 193.75], I2 = 58.7%). The diagnostic odds ratio for nasal NO in identifying ECRS was 9.29 ([5.85, 14.75], I2 = 26.4%). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.82. The correlation between sensitivity and false positive rate was 0.53, suggesting a lack of heterogeneity. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value were 69% ([0.55, 0.79], I2 = 77.0%), 83% ([0.73, 0.90], I 2 = 68.5%), 77% ([0.69, 0.83], I 2  = 50.1%), and 75% ([0.67, 0.82], I 2  = 41.5%), respectively.

Conclusion

Nasal NO has the potential as a noninvasive diagnostic measure and endotype tool for ECRS.
The Role of Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms and Post Migration Life Difficulties for Future Aspirations of Iraqi and Syrian Asylum Seekers
Authors: Demirli Yıldız Aylin , Strohmeier Dagmar
Published: April 2024

The majority of asylum seekers experience some kind of traumatic events before or during their flight and their challenging experiences do not end after resettlement. Still, they need to envision and build their future life in the host country. Moreover, asylum seekers’ future aspirations need to be differentiated from the satisfaction of essential needs. We (1) measured future aspirations (FA); (2) explored whether FA and post-migration life difficulties (PMLD) differ between asylum seekers with high and low levels of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS); and (3) examined whether PTSS, PMLD, gender, age, and length of stay are associated with different types of FA. In total, 139 Iraqi and Syrian asylum seekers (55 female, 83 male) aged 18 to 67 years ( M = 34.03, SD = 10.35) participated. A four-factor structure of FA was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Participants with high levels of post-traumatic stress symptoms reported higher levels of PMLD and lower levels of FA related to their home country. FA related to the host country and FA related to occupation were predicted by lower levels of post-traumatic stress symptoms, while future aspirations related to the home country were predicted by higher levels of PMLD. Results indicate that asylum seekers who experienced more traumatic events before they migrated are more reluctant to return to these places in the future. Treating the psychological impairments of this highly vulnerable group and relaxing the manifold structural barriers are crucial to foster their construction of a future life.
A 10-year Retrospective Review of Patient-to-Patient Transmitted Pathogens in Culture-Positive Burn Wounds at a Tertiary Burn Center
Authors: Kim Patrick Jinhyung , Gallo Lucas , Chen Jeffrey , Yuan Morgan , Gallo Matteo , Main Cheryl , Coroneos Christopher
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Burn wound infection can progress to sepsis and is a significant source of morbidity and mortality. Prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms are high in burn patients; these organisms can be transmitted between patients leading to poor outcomes. Objectives: To characterize patient-to-patient transmission of pathogens causing burn wound colonization at a single tertiary hospital burn center in Hamilton, Canada from 2011 to 2020. Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients admitted to the burn trauma unit at Hamilton General Hospital between 2011 and 2020. Antibiotic susceptibility panels of pathogens cultured from burn patients’ wound swab/tissue cultures were compared against pathogens cultured from other burn/nonburn patients with overlapping admission dates. Pathogens were categorized into likely, possible, or unlikely transmission, or normal skin flora on a case-by-case basis. Results: There were 173 burn patients with positive wound culture and 613 nonburn patients included in the study. Included burn patients had median age 52 years, mostly male (73%) with flame injury (65%), and median total body surface area 18%. There were 18 patients (10%) with likely transmission and 54 patients (31%) with possible transmission. Most frequently implicated pathogens for likely patient-to-patient transmission were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (7 patients) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (4 patients). Both burn and nonburn patients were implicated. Conclusion: The burden of patient-to-patient transmission in culture-positive burn wounds was estimated to be between 10% and 41%. Greater care should be taken to avoid patient-to-patient transmission of pathogens to minimize burn infection morbidity and mortality. Prospective studies should be conducted with genomic sequencing and correlation with clinical outcomes.
Health Beliefs and Practices Among Subaltern Women: An Ethnographic Account From Rural Telangana, India
Authors: Bheenaveni Ram Shepherd , Punyamurthy Chandaneshwari , Methri Shireesha
Published: April 2024

Apart from biological factors, social determinants play a major role in shaping health beliefs and paving the way for various behaviours. Subaltern women, being the lowest strata of the caste hierarchy, have additional barriers to accessing modern healthcare and may be more likely to experience poor health outcomes due to a combination of social, economic and cultural factors. Structural violence represents a dynamic process that impedes an individual’s social, economic and biological potential, affecting both socially excluded, economically disadvantaged and historically marginalized subaltern communities. Social justice significantly influences individuals’ life prospects and health outcomes, with health disparities stemming from social disadvantage and inequality. Addressing disparities in health, the Health Gap underscores the importance of acknowledging the role of social determinants of health. Health equity entails enhancing the well-being of marginalized social groups and tackling the broader social determinants of health. The current qualitative study was conducted in three villages in the Nalgonda district of Telangana, India. In addition to focus group discussions and one-on-one interviews, the ethnography method was employed to capture subaltern women’s health beliefs and practices regarding food habits, puberty, menstruation, sexuality and sexual life, childbearing and childbirth, breastfeeding and the role of primary healthcare centres in promoting healthcare. Subaltern women experience double discrimination as members of a lower caste and a weaker gender, and access to healthcare, like other fundamental human rights, is a recurring issue. Many of them are impoverished and unable to afford contemporary medical care, forcing them to rely on the more cost-effective traditional model of healthcare. Despite being forbidden from accomplishing many things owing to a range of societal and age-old customary sanctions, modernization and state-owned institutional mechanisms are bringing about a good shift towards better health.
Governance Framework Trajectory for Major Public Projects: The Case of Canada
Authors: Brunet Maude , Choinière Olivier
Published: April 2024

The aim of this article is to understand the dynamic evolution of a governance framework for major public projects. Drawing on Ralf Müller’s contributions in the field of project studies regarding governance, combined with a theoretical anchoring in neo-institutionalism, we seek to shed light on the evolutive aspects of a governance framework, also framed as a public policy. Based on the case of Canada, relying on secondary sources and ethnographic sensitivity, we trace the trajectory of the policy (the governance framework) and highlight the main evolutions and turning points. Five iterations are documented, resulting in increasing complexity over time and institutional layering. The theoretical contribution is to uncover the dynamic and evolving nature of governance frameworks, whereas the practical benefit is to enable decision makers to understand the implications of layering and find the right balance between novelty and overlap for optimal project governance.