bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adults with Possible Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome with Crustacean Ingestion
Authors: Li Daniel Hanzhang , Wong-Pack Andrew , Macikunas Andrea Leilani , Kim Harold
Published: September 2020

Background: Food protein-induced enterocolitis (FPIES), an entity previously thought to only affect children, has been increasingly described in adults. In this study, we report a Canadian cohort of 19 adolescents and adults with recurrent non-immunoglobulin E (IgE) -mediated gastrointestinal symptoms after crustacean ingestion, consistent with FPIES.Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients in an outpatient allergy clinic from January 2005 to May 2020. Electronic records were searched using keywords for crustaceans and for symptoms consistent with FPIES. We included patients with gastrointestinal symptoms specifically to crustaceans on more than one occasion, who were 14 years or older at the time of index reaction. Exclusion criteria included symptoms suggestive of an IgE-mediated anaphylactic reaction or a likely alternative diagnosis. We identified 19 patients for our cohort who met the criteria.Results: Our cohort was 68.4% female (13) and 32.6% (6) male. The average age at first reaction to crustaceans was 34 years old with a range of 14 years to 68 years (median = 28 years; IQR = 32 years). Time from ingestion to beginning of symptoms ranged from 3 minutes to 6.5 hours, with an average of 2.8 hours (median = 2 hours; IQR = 3.25 hours). Duration of reaction ranged from less than a minute to over 48 hours, with a mean of 9.4 hours (median = 4 hours; IQR= 7.75 hours). Patients had 4.8 reactions on average; however, number of reactions ranged from 2 to 12.5 (median = 3, IQR = 3). All patients identified a “trigger” food in the crustacean group, and 12 subjects identified additional reactions to other seafood. Conclusions: We hope our case series will better characterize and advance our understanding of this disease entity in adults. There are key differences in the presentation of FPIES in adults compared to children, namely female predominance, difference in solid food trigger, and unpredictable time course. Future studies are needed to examine the pathophysiology and natural history of adult FPIES. Specific guidelines should be developed for the diagnosis and management in adults.Trial Registration: retrospectively registered
Preliminary Outcomes of the Cementless UNITED Hip System for primary Total Hip Arthroplasty at a Minimum Two-year Follow-up
Authors: Dilernia Fernando Diaz , Garcia-Mansilla Agustin , Albani-Forneris Agustin , Slullitel Pablo , Zanotti Gerardo , Comba Fernando , Piccaluga Francisco , Buttaro Martin
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

This study aimed to report the initial results of the cementless UNITED hip system in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) with a minimum follow-up of 2 years.
Methods

We retrospectively studied a consecutive series of 203 cementless THAs in 180 patients operated between 2015–2017. We included 89 female and 91 male patients with a mean age of 67 (28 to 89) years. The mean follow-up was 40 (29 to 62) months. Clinical outcome scores and radiographs were measured. Survival was calculated defining failure as the need for any further femoral or acetabular revision, irrespective of the reason.
Results

No femoral component loosening was detected. One patient had a Vancouver-B1 intraoperative periprosthetic femoral fracture treated with implant retention and cerclage wires. Two acetabular components were revised for aseptic loosening. Three patients suffered an acute infection treated with debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention. The mean Merle d'Aubigné et Postel scores improved from 13 (4 to 16) points preoperatively to 17 (12 to 18) points at the latest follow-up (p < 0.001). At a mean time of 40 months of follow-up, the survival was 99% and 100% for the acetabular and the femoral components, respectively.
Conclusion

This cementless design showed excellent preliminary outcomes in terms of fixation and patient satisfaction, comparable to that of other well-known similar systems.
Hemopneumothorax Detection Through the Process of Artificial Evolution
Authors: Sommer Adir , Mark Noy , Gerasi Rafi , Avraham Linn Wagnert , Fan-Marko Ruth , Eisenkraft Arik , Nachman Dean
Published: September 2020

Background: Tension pneumothorax is a leading cause of preventable death on the battlefield. Current prehospital diagnosis relies on a subjective clinical impression complemented by a manual thoracic and respiratory examination. These techniques are not fully applicable in field conditions and on the battlefield, where situational and environmental factors may impair clinical capabilities. We aimed to assemble a device able to sample, analyze, and classify the unique acoustic signatures of pneumothorax and hemothorax. Methods: Tested on an ex-vivo porcine model, we have assembled a device consisting of two sensitive digital stethoscopes and sampled 12 seconds of mechanical ventilation breathing sounds over the animals’ thorax. The thoracic cavity was injected with increasing volumes of 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 ml of air and saline to simulate pneumothorax and hemothorax, respectively. The data was analyzed using a multi-objective genetic algorithm that was used to develop an optimal mathematical detector through the process of artificial evolution, a cutting-edge approach in the artificial intelligence discipline. Results: The algorithm was able to classify the signals according to their distinctive characteristics and to accurately predict, in up to 80% of cases, the presence of pneumothorax and hemothorax, starting from 400 ml, and regardless of background noise.Conclusions: We present a potential objective and rapid diagnosis modality that can overcome independent and subjective factors that may delay diagnosis and treatment of potentially lethal thoracic injuries, with emphasis on field conditions. A future diagnostic device could be embedded with the algorithm and provide real-time detection and monitoring of pneumothorax and hemothorax.
The effects of different doses of caffeine on maximal strength and strength-endurance in women habituated to caffeine
Authors: Wilk Michal , Filip Aleksandra , Krzysztofik Michal , Tufano James J. , Zajac Adam , Coso Juan Del
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe main goal of this study was to assess the acute effects of 3 and 6 mg of caffeine intake per kg of body mass (b.m.) on maximal strength and strength-endurance in women habituated to caffeine. MethodsTwenty-one healthy resistance-trained female university students (23.0±0.9 years, body mass: 59.0±6.6 kg), with a daily caffeine intake of 5.8±2.6 mg/kg/b.m. participated in a randomized, crossover, double-blind design. Each participant performed three experimental sessions after ingesting either a placebo (PLAC) or 3 mg/kg/b.m. (CAF-3) and 6 mg/kg/b.m. (CAF-6) of caffeine. In each experimental session, the participants underwent a 1RM test and a strength-endurance test at 50%1RM in the bench press exercise. Maximal load was measured in the 1RM test and the time under tension, number of preformed repetitions, power output and bar velocity were registered in the strength-endurance test. ResultsThe one-way ANOVA showed a main effect of caffeine on 1RM bench press performance (F=14.74; p<0.01). In comparison to the PLAC (40.48±9.21 kg), CAF-3 (41.68±8.98 kg; p=0.01) and CAF-6 (42.98±8.79 kg; p<0.01) increased 1RM bench press test results. There was also a main effect of caffeine on time under tension during the strength-endurance test (F=13.09; p<0.01). In comparison to the PLAC (53.52±11.44 s), CAF-6 (61.76±15.39 s; p<0.01) significantly increased the time under tension during the maximal strength-endurance test. ConclusionAn acute dose of 3-to-6 mg/kg/b.m. of caffeine improves maximum muscle strength. However, the effect of these doses had minimal ergogenic effect on strength-endurance performance.
Large-scale in vitro cultivation of Plasmodium falciparum under atmospheric air
Authors: Crispim M. , Verdaguer Ignasi Bofill , Silva Sofia F , Katzin Alejandro Miguel
Published: September 2020

Background: The most important tool for the study of the malaria parasite is probably the in vitro culture that was established in 1976 by Trager and Jensen. However, the methodology is technically complex, expensive, and unsuitable for use in laboratories and regions with limited resources. Human factors such as hormones and the immune system are frequently ignored, and the similarity between the in vitro culture conditions and physiologic-like environment has been questioned. One of the most controversial factors about Plasmodium culture is the gaseous composition employed in vitro, which consists of a mixture poor in O2 (1%–5%) and rich in CO2 (approximately 5%).Results: The requirement of employing commercial gaseous mixtures and their suitability for use in reusable glass bottles under agitation for culturing were assessed. The methodology presented here is suitable for small- and large-scale culturing in cell culture flasks or hermetic and sterile glass bottles in agitation and provides an easier and cheaper Plasmodium culture alternative, which dispenses several sophisticated technical requirements of the classical methodology. The parasite viability, free oxygen, and drug-screening assays under these conditions were compared with those in the classic conditions. The cultivation under atmospheric air did not substantially affect the free oxygen levels and parasitic proliferation for periods longer than two years. However, it changed atovaquone, artesunate, and chloroquine efficacy in a different ways across the different isolates. Oxygraphic experiments demonstrated that the free oxygen concentration contained in the media was slightly superior compared to both the human blood and the media employed the classical methodology.Conclusions: The results indicate that the described culture conditions are suitable for parasite maintenance and can be used to obtain high yields of parasite. Although parasites proliferate under various culture conditions, it is clear that it is necessary to evaluate the different gaseous conditions to validate an antimalarial candidate. With this, it will be possible to detect an oxygen level that encompasses the physiological oxygen levels of human blood. Since oxygen decreases through media layers, future studies should further explore the use of oxygen-rich mixtures as a strategy to expose static cultures to more physiologic-like conditions.
The Neurotrophic and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of β-asarone on the DA-Induced the Pathology of Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors: wang Jian , Wang Xuebao , Liu Leping , Yu He , You Ruimin , Lu Xiaoai , Ding Saidan
Published: September 2020

Background: The mechanism underlying the impaired cognitive function and memory loss in Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) remains unclear. Dopamine (DA) is reported to be associated with dementia. Methods: In this study, we investigated mechanism underlying DA-induced MHE pathology by immunoblotting, ELISA, FM4-64 and fluorescence staining. Results: We observed that MHE brains showed the increased content of DA, after administration of anti-DA antibody, and cognitive loss in MHE rats was recovered to the normal level, indicating the involvement of DA in the pathogenesis of MHE. Moreover, DA (10 μM) treatment obviously induced the decrease in the production of GDNF/NGF and the increase in TNFα levels in primary cultured neurons, which were blocked by addition of β-asarone (βASA). We also demonstrated that DA stimulated the activation of ASK1/JNK1 pathway. and the addition of anti-TNFα antibody reversed the inactivation of Notch signaling, the downregulation of neurotrophins and synaptic loss.Conclusions: Overall, we suggested that DA stimulated abundant production and secretion of neuronal TNFα, which elicited progressive loss of neurotrophic factors, leading to cognitive disorder of MHE.
Global expression of noncoding RNome reveals dysregulation of small RNAs in patients with HTLV-1–associated adult T-cell leukemia: a pilot study
Authors: Nacimento Andrezza , de Souza Daniela Raguer Valadão , Pessôa Rodrigo , Pietrobon Anna Julia , Nukui Youko , Pereira Juliana , Casseb Jorge , de Oliveira Augusto César Penalva , Loureiro Paula , Duarte Alberto José da Silva , Clissa Patricia Bianca , Sanabani Sabri Saeed
Published: September 2020

Background
Adult T cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATLL) is a peripheral T-cell neoplasm caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1). Small RNAs (sRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), play a pivotal role in the initiation and development of hematological malignancies and may represent potential therapeutic target molecules. However, little is known about how these molecules impact on the pathogenesis of ATLL. In this study, we aimed to identify sRNA expression signatures associated with ATLL and to investigate their potential implication in the pathophysiology of the disease.
Methods
Small-RNAseq analysis was performed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HTLV-1- associated ATLL (n = 10) in comparison to asymptomatic carriers (n = 8) and healthy controls (n = 5). Sequencing was carried out using the Illumina MiSeq platform, and the deregulation of selected miRNAs was validated by real-time PCR. Pathway analyses of most deregulated miRNA were performed and their global profiling was combined with transcriptome data in ATLL.
Results
The sequencing identified specific sRNAs signatures associated with ATLL patients that target pathways relevant in ATLL, such as TGF-β, Wnt, p53, apoptosis, and MAPK signaling cascades. Network analysis revealed several miRNAs regulating highly connected genes within the ATLL transcriptome. miR-451-3p was the most downregulated miRNA in active patients.
Conclusions
Our findings shed light on the expression of specific sRNAs in HTLV-1 associated ATLL, which may represent promising candidates as biomarkers that help monitor the disease activity.
Clinical Outcome of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Blockers in Treatment of Hypertensive Patients with COVID-19:  A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Laurentius Andrea , Mendel Brian , Prakoso Radityo
Published: September 2020

Background: Novel coronavirus disease 2019 has been stated as global disease pandemic due to its rapid spread worldwide. Up to 30% of Coronavirus Disease 2019 patients with hypertension are more susceptible to death. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers has been used as primary line of medication for hypertension; nonetheless, conflicting data arises as numerous studies showed contradictory results. Methods: Aiming to show clinical outcome of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers in hospital treatment of hypertensive patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019, systematically searched literatures through eight databases were intensively appraised using Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklists for cohort studies. Results: Six encompassed studies in this meta-review showed in-hospital hypertensive Coronavirus Disease 2019 patients receiving antihypertensive drugs were associated to overall risk reduction of all-cause mortalities (hazard ratio = 0.54, confidence interval 95% = 0.33 – 0.86). Conclusion: Therefore, the results support recommendation by American Heart Association not to discontinue antihypertension regimens in Coronavirus Disease 2019 patients with hypertension. Further researches are required as that majority of the studies are originated from Asian countries along with comprehensive standardization of baseline characteristics.
Radiological findings in low dose CT for COVID-19 pneumonia in 182 patients: correlation of signs and severity with patient outcome
Authors: Bieb Charlotte M. , Desmet Jeroen N. , Dubbeldam Adriana , Cockmartin MSc Lesley , Coudyzer MSc Walter M , Coolen M.D. Johan , Verschakelen M.D. Johny A , De Wever M.D. Walter
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVESTo characterize CT-findings of COVID-19 pneumonia and their value in diagnosis and outcome prediction.METHODSChest CTs of 182 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 infection by RT-PCR were evaluated for the presence of CT-abnormalities and their frequency. Regarding the patient outcome each patient was categorized in 5 progressive stages and the duration of hospitalization was determined. Regression analysis was performed to find which CT findings are predictive for patient outcome and to assess prognostic factors for the hospitalization duration.RESULTSMultivariate statistical analysis confirmed a higher age (OR= 1.023, p= 0.025), a higher total visual severity score (OR= 1.038, p= 0.002) and the presence of crazy paving (OR= 2.160, p= 0.034) as predictive parameters for patient outcome. A higher total visual severity score (+ 0.134 days; p= 0.012) and the presence of pleural effusion (+ 13.985 days, p= 0.005) were predictive parameters for a longer hospitalization duration.CONCLUSIONSAn increasing percentage of lung opacity as well as the presence of crazy paving and a higher age are associated with a worse patient outcome. The presence of a higher total visual severity score and pleural effusion are significant predictors for a longer hospitalization duration.
Immune checkpoint proteins CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1 in melanoma as predictive biomarkers to guide clinical decisions
Authors: Tiemann Markus , Samoilova Vera , Atiakshin Dmitri , Buchwalow Igor
Published: September 2020

Background

CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1 are potential targets in cancer immunotherapy. However, to predict patients who are likely to respond to treatment with PD-1/PD-L1/CTLA-4 blockers still remains a challenge. Unfortunately, it is often ignored that CTLA-4 exists also in cells other than lymphocytes. This study aimed to assess the expression and diagnostic significance of predictive biomarkers for melanoma.
Methods

To address this issue, we performed an immunophenotyping of CTLA4/PD1/PD-L1-positive cells in melanoma employing multiple immunofluorescent immunolabeling. For immunolabeling, we used primary antibodies to PD-1 and PD-L1, a panel of anti–CTLA-4 antibodies of different clones and a panel of CD antibodies against diverse cell types (CD1a, CD3, CD8 and CD68).
Results

In contrast to the currently accepted view, immunolabeling with anti-CTLA-4 antibodies of different clones permitted to reveal CTLA-4 in cells other than lymphocytes. CTLA-4 and PD-L1 are both expressed in the tumor microenvironment cells including antigen-presenting cells ÷ macrophages and dendritic cells. PD-1 is expressed solely in T-lymphocytes. CTLA-4 and PD-L1 in melanoma are not expressed in malignant cells.
Conclusion

Accordingly, PD-L1 expression by tumor cells cannot serve as a biomarker of clinical response to checkpoint blockade in melanoma immunotherapy, but PD-L1 and CTLA-4 expressed in the tumor microenvironment cells are valuable biomarkers to guide clinical decisions. The expression of CTLA-4 also in cells other than T-lymphocytes suggests the involvement of this molecule in alternative CTLA-4 signaling pathways together with the well-known classical scheme for the regulation of T-lymphocyte activity.
Comparative Analysis of Genetic Variations in the Nav1.5 Sodium Channel Subunits that Underlie Brugada Syndrome Using Patient-Specific iPSC-CMs
Authors: Zhu Yue , Wang Linlin , Cui Chang , Chen Shaojie , Chen Hongwu , Qin Huiyuan , Lin Yongping , Cheng Hongyi , Jiang Xiaohong , Chen Minglong
Published: September 2020

Background: Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an autosomal dominant disorder that causes a high predisposition to sudden cardiac death. Several genes have been reported to be associated with BrS. Considering that the heterogeneity in clinical manifestations may result from genetic variations, the application of patient-specific induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) may help to reveal cell phenotype characteristics resulting from different genetic backgrounds. The present study was to compare the structural and electrophysiological characteristics of sodium channel subunits with different genetic variations and evaluate the safety of quinidine for use with BrS patient-specific iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes.Methods: Two BrS patient-specific iPS cell lines were constructed that carried missense mutations in SCN5A and SCN1B. One iPS cell line from a healthy volunteer was used as a control. The differentiated cardiomyocytes from the three groups were evaluated by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, electron microscopy, as well as calcium transient and patch clamp analyses to assess different pathological phenotypes. Finally, we evaluated the drug responses to varying concentrations of quinidine by measuring the action potential.Results: Compared to the control group, BrS-CMs showed a significant reduction in sodium current, prolonged action potential duration and varying degrees of decreased Vmax, but no structural difference was observed. After applying different concentrations of quinidine, the disease-specific groups and the control group had a downward trend in maximal upstroke velocity, resting membrane potential and action potential amplitude, and exhibited prolonged action potential duration without increasing incidence of arrhythmic events.Conclusion: Both patient-specific iPSC-CMs recapitulated the BrS phenotype at the cellular level. Although the SCN5A variation led to a markedly lower sodium current than what was observed with the SCN1B variation, their responses to quinidine were quite similar. The present study provides an advantageous platform for exploring disease mechanisms and evaluating drug safety in vitro.
Hypoxia-Preconditioned Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Combined with Scaffold Promote Urethral Reconstruction by Up-Regulation of Angiogenesis and Glycolysis
Authors: Wan Xiang , Xie Min-kai , Xu Huan , Wei Zi-wei , Yao Hai-jun , Wang Zhong , Zheng Da-chao
Published: September 2020

Rationale: Tissue engineering is a promising alternative for urethral reconstruction, and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are widely used as seeding cells. Hypoxia preconditioning can significantly enhance the therapeutic effects of ADSCs. The low oxygen tension of postoperative wound healing is inevitable and may facilitate the nutritional function of ADSCs. This study aimed to investigate if hypoxia preconditioned ADSCs, compared to normxia preconditioned ADSCs, combined with scaffold could better promote urethral reconstruction and exploring the underlying mechanism.Methods: In vitro, paracrine cytokines and secretomes that were secreted by hypoxia- or normoxia-preconditioned ADSCs were added to cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to measure their functions. In vivo, hypoxia- or normoxia-preconditioned ADSCs were seeded on a porous nanofibrous scaffold for urethral repair on a defect model in rabbits.Results: The in vitro results showed that hypoxia could enhance the secretion of VEGFA by ADSCs, and hypoxia-preconditioned ADSCs could enhance the viability, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and glycolysis of HUVECs (p < 0.05). After silencing VEGFA, angiogenesis and glycolysis were significantly inhibited (p < 0.05). The in vivo results showed that compared to normoxia-preconditioned ADSCs, hypoxia-preconditioned ADSCs combined with scaffolds led to a larger urethral lumen diameter, preserved urethral morphology and enhanced angiogenesis (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Hypoxia preconditioning of ADSCs combined with scaffold could better promote urethral reconstruction by upregulating angiogenesis and glycolysis. Hypoxia-preconditioned ADSCs combined with novel scaffold may provide a promising alternative treatment for urethral reconstruction.
Combined Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Stem Cell and Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Effectively Preserved the Neurological Function and Brain Architecture in Rat After Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Yip Hon-Kan , Lin Kun-Chen , Sung Pei-Hsun , Chiang John Y. , Yin Tsung-Cheng , Wu Re-Wen , Chen Kuan-Hung
Published: September 2020

Background: This study tested the hypothesis that combined therapy with human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HUCDMSCs) and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) was superior to either one on preserving neurological function and reducing brain-hemorrhagic volume (BHV) in rat after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) induced by intracranial injection of collagenase. Methods and Results: Adult-male SD rats (n=30) were equally divided into group 1 (sham-operated control), group 2 (ICH), group 3 (ICH + HUCDMSCs/1.2x106 cells/intravenous injection at 3h and days 1/2 after ICH), group 4 (ICH + HBO/at 3h and days 1/2 after ICH) and group 5 (ICH + HUCDMSCs-HBO), and euthanized by day 28 after ICH. By day 1, the neurological function was significantly impaired in groups 2 to 5 than in group 1 (p<0.001), but it did not differ among groups 2 to 5. By days 7/4/28, the integrity of neurological function was highest in group 1, lowest in group 2 and significantly progressively improved from groups 3 to 5 (all p<0.001). By day 28, the BHV was lowest in group 1, highest in group 2 and significantly lower in group 5 than in groups 3/4 (all p<0.0001). The protein expressions of inflammation (HMGB1/TLR-2/TLR-4/MyD88/TRAF6/p-NF-κB/IFN-γ/IL-1ß/TNF-α), oxidative-stress/autophagy (NOX-1/NOX-2/oxidized protein/ratio of LC3BII/LC3BI) and apoptosis (cleaved-capspase3/PARP), and cellular expressions of inflammation (CD14+, F4/80+) in brain tissues exhibited an identical pattern, whereas cellular levels of angiogenesis (CD31+/vWF+/small-vessel number) and number of neurons (NeuN+) exhibited an opposite pattern of BHV among the groups (all p<0.0001). Conclusion: combined HUCDMSC-HBO therapy offered better outcomes after rat ICH.
A NOTCH1/LSD1/BMP2 Co-Regulatory Network Mediated by miR-137 Negatively Regulates Osteogenesis of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells
Authors: Fan Cong , Ma Xiaohan , Wang Yuejun , Lv Longwei , Zhu Yuan , Liu Hao , Liu Yunsong
Published: September 2020

Background: MicroRNAs have been recognized as critical regulators for the osteoblastic lineage differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs). Previously, we have displayed that silencing of miR-137 enhances the osteoblastic differentiation potential of hASCs partly through the coordination of lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), and mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (SMAD4). However, still numerous molecules involved in the osteogenic regulation of miR-137 remain unknown. This study aimed to further elucidate the epigenetic mechanisms of miR-137 on the osteogenic differentiation of hASCs.Methods: hASCs transfected with miR-137 overexpression or knockdown lentiviruses were used to assess the osteogenic capacity by testing the alkaline phosphatase activity, matrix mineralization degree, relative expression level of osteogenesis-associated genes and ectopic osteogenesis in nude mice. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to examine the targeting of the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of NOTCH1 by miR-137. Interrelationships of signaling pathways of NOTCH1-hairy and enhancer of split 1 (HES1), LSD1, and BMP2-SMAD4 were thoroughly investigated by separate knockdown of NOTCH1, LSD1, and BMP2.Results: We confirmed that miR-137 directly targeted the 3' UTR of NOTCH1 while positively regulated HES1. After knocking down NOTCH1 or BMP2 individually, we found that these two signals formed a positive feedback loop and activated LSD1. In addition, LSD1 knockdown induced the expression of NOTCH1 while suppressed HES1.Conclusions: Collectively, we proposed a NOTCH1/LSD1/BMP2 co-regulatory signaling network to elucidate the modulation of miR-137 on the osteoblastic differentiation of hASCs, thus providing mechanism-based rationale for miRNA-targeted therapy of bone defect.
Enhancing Innovation Speed through Trust: - A Case Study on Reframing Employee Defensive Routines
Authors: Mitcheltree Christina Marie
Published: September 2020

Trust in organizations plays an essential role for efficient innovation implementation. However, trust between managers and employees is under communicated in relation to innovation speed. Innovation speed is related to innovation adoption, concerning new ways of performing laboratory services within the health sector. The purpose of this case study is to investigate how trust mechanisms may enhance innovation speed by reducing employee decisions to perform defensive routines. The focus is related to trust as a social condition for enhancing innovation acceptance in the context of management and organizing styles subject to the Norwegian working life model. The study found that a lack of employee participation and involvement, may result in emotional tension, a sense of uncertainty, disconnect, and various defensive mechanisms towards management and the innovation. Consequently, employees’ attention, loyalty and responsibility might be redirected away from the innovation.
Contribution of syndecans to the cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Hudák Anett , Szilák László , Letoha Tamás
Published: September 2020

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel emerging pathogen causing an unprecedented pandemic in 21st century medicine. Due to the significant health and economic burden of the current SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, there is a huge unmet medical need for novel interventions effectively blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection. Unknown details of SARS-CoV-2 cellular biology significantly hamper the development of potent and highly specific SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics. Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) has been reported to be the primary receptor for SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry. However, emerging scientific evidence suggests the involvement of additional membrane proteins, such as heparan sulfate proteoglycans, in SARS-CoV-2 internalization. Here we report that syndecans, the evolutionarily conserved family of transmembrane proteoglycans facilitate the cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2. Among syndecans, syndecan-4 was the most efficient in mediating SARS-CoV-2 uptake, yet overexpression of other isoforms, including the neuronal syndecan-3, also increased SARS-CoV-2 internalization. The S1 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein plays a dominant role in the virus’s interactions with syndecans. Besides the polyanionic heparan sulfate chains - the established binding sites for several viruses - other parts of the syndecan ectodomain, such as the cell-binding domain, also contribute to the interaction with SARS-CoV-2. During virus internalization, syndecans colocalize with ACE2, suggesting a jointly shared internalization pathway. Both ACE2 and syndecan inhibitors exhibited significant efficacy in reducing cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2, thus supporting the complex nature of internalization. Among these inhibitors, a peptide compromising the spike protein’s heparin-binding PRRAR motif significantly reduced SARS-CoV-2 cellular uptake, highlighting the need to go beyond the ACE2 paradigm for developing efficient therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. Data obtained on syndecan specific in vitro assays present syndecans as novel cellular targets of SARS-CoV-2 and offers molecularly precise, yet simple strategies in overcoming the complex nature of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
It’s Not the Flu: Popular perceptions of the impact of COVID-19
Authors: Niemi Laura , Kniffin Kevin , Doris John M.
Published: September 2020

Messaging from authorities about COVID-19 has been widely divergent. This research aims to clarify popular perceptions of the threat of COVID-19 and its effects on victims. In four studies with over 4,100 U.S. participants, we consistently found that people perceive the threat of COVID-19 to be substantially greater than that of several other causes of death to which it has recently been compared, including the seasonal flu and automobile accidents. Participants were less willing to help COVID-19 victims, who they considered riskier to help, more contaminated, and more responsible for their condition. Additionally, politics and demographic factors predicted attitudes about victims of COVID-19 above and beyond moral values; whereas attitudes about the other kinds of victims were primarily predicted by moral values. The results indicate that people perceive COVID-19 as an exceptionally severe disease threat, and despite prosocial inclinations, do not feel safe offering assistance to COVID-19 sufferers.
Effect of an antiviral drug control in host COVID-19 kinetics
Authors: CHATTERJEE AMAR NATH , MONDAL JAYANTA , SAMUI PIU
Published: September 2020

The article proposes and analyzes a system of diﬀerential equations modeling the interaction of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the epithelial cells of the human lungs. Optimal control strategies representing antiviral drug treatment eﬀects of this model are explored here. The Pontryagin’s max-imum principle is used to clarify the optimal control strategies. The exis-tence of optimal control is proved and eﬀective strategies are illustrated. Numerical simulations, eﬃciency analysis, and cost-eﬀectiveness analysis reveal that time-dependent antiviral drug with other control mechanisms, would reduce the viral load and control the infection process at low cost.
Neurological Outcome of Chest Compression-Only Bystander CPR in Asphyxial and Non-Asphyxial Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: An Observational Study
Authors: Javaudin François , Raiffort Julien , Desce Natacha , Baert Valentine , Hubert Hervé , Montassier Emmanuel , Cornec Clément Le , Lascarrou Jean-Baptiste , Bastard Quentin Le
Published: September 2020

Background: According to guidelines and bystander skill, two different methods of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are feasible: standard CPR (S-CPR) with mouth-to-mouth ventilations and chest compression-only CPR (CO-CPR) without rescue breathing. CO-CPR appears to be most effective for cardiac causes, but there is a lack of evidence for asphyxial causes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Thus, the aim of our study was to compare CO-CPR versus S-CPR in adult OHCA from medical etiologies and assess neurologic outcome in asphyxial and non-asphyxial causes.Methods: Using the French National OHCA Registry (RéAC), we performed a multicenter retrospective study over a five-year period (2013 to 2017). All adult-witnessed OHCA who had benefited from either S-CPR or CO-CPR by bystanders were included. Non-medical causes as well as professional rescuers as witnesses were excluded. The primary end point was 30-day neurological outcome in a weighted population for all medical causes, and then for asphyxial, non-asphyxial and cardiac causes. Results: Of the 8 619 subjects included for all medical causes, 6 742 had a non-asphyxial etiology, including 5 904 of cardiac causes, and 1 710 had an asphyxial OHCA. 8.6%; 95% CI [8.1-9.3] of subjects had a good neurological outcome (i.e. cerebral performance category of 1 or 2). Bystanders who performed S-CPR began more often immediately (89.0%; 95% CI [87.3-90.5] versus 78.2%; 95% CI [77.2-79.2]) and in younger subjects (64.1 years versus 65.7; p < 0.001). In the weighted population, subjects receiving bystander-initiated CO-CPR had an adjusted relative risk (aRR) of 1.04; 95% CI [0.79-1.38] of having a good neurological outcome at 30 days for all medical causes, 1.28; 95% CI [0.92-1.77] for asphyxial etiologies, 1.08; 95% CI [0.80-1.46] for non-asphyxial etiologies and 1.09; 95% CI [0.93-1.28] for cardiac-related OHCA.Conclusions: We observed no significant difference in neurological outcome when lay bystanders of OHCA initiated CO-CPR or S-CPR, whether the cause was asphyxial or not. CO-CPR should probably be promoted in adults because it has many advantages (easier to learn and lower infection risk).
Konsep Ilmu Dan Pendidikan Dalam Persfektif Surat Al-Mujadilah Ayat 11
Authors: Fahrudin Ahmad , Fauziah Arbaul
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Education is one of the main things that can make a significant contribution to the development and progress of a nation. This fact is evidenced by the existence of a generation of people who are quality-produced from educational institutions in Indonesia, if the young generation of this nation does not attend education, perhaps the development and progress of the times will not be able to be like today. Education, especially in Muslims, one of the foundations and guidelines for which is the Koran, through some of the verses it contains, there are some instructions and knowledge that are very extraordinary if we dig into the meaning for the meaning. So it is important for Muslims to make Al-Qur'an as a guide in processing their studies. Education and knowledge are two main things that are interrelated, they are like two sides of a coin that cannot be separated, even always in pairs. In the context of this article, the concept of knowledge and education from the perspective of the Koran will be discussed, namely taking one of the verses in Surah al-Mujadilah, verse 11. The verse explains the various things it contains, then explains Asbabun Nuzul, describes the verse, Menafsiri is then analyzed, hopefully, what is discussed here becomes a study that can increase wealth, both theoretical wealth and scientific wealth practically.

Keywords: Science, Education, Al-Mujadilah.

 

Abstrak                                                                                                     

Pendidikan merupakan salah satu perkara pokok yang mampu memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap perkembangan dan kemajuan suatu bangsa. Fakta ini dibuktikan dengan adanya generasi bangsa yang secara kualitas dihasilkan dari bangku lembaga pendidikan yang ada di Indonesia, jika generasi muda bangsa ini tidak mengenyam bangku pendidikan, mungkin perkembangan dan kemajuan zaman tidak mampu seperti sekarang ini. Pendidikan khususnya dalam umat Muslim, salah satu landasan dan yang menjadi pedomannya adalah al-Qur’an, melalui beberapa ayat yang dikandungnya, terdapat beberapa petunjuk dan ilmu yang sangat luar jika diselami makna demi maknanya. Maka menjadi penting bagi umat Muslim menjadikan al-Qur’an sebagai pegangan dalam berproses di dalam menuntut ilmu. Pendidikan dan ilmu merupakan dua hal pokok yang berkaitkelindan, keduanya ibarat dua sisi mata uang logam yang tak mampu dipisahkan, bahkan selalu berpasangan. Dalam konteks artikel ini, maka akan di bahas kosep ilmu dan pendidikan dari persfektif al-Qur’an, yaitu mengambil salah satu ayatnya dalam surat al-Mujadilah ayat 11. Ayat tersebut dijelaskan berbagai hal yang dikandungnya, kemudian dijelaskan asbabun nuzul, mendeskripsikan ayat, menafsiri kemudian dianalisis, semoga apa yang dibahas di sini menjadi sesuatu kajian yang mampu menambah kekayaan, baik kekayaan secara teoritis maupun kekayaan keilmuan secara praktis.

Kata Kunci: Ilmu, Pendidikan, Al-Mujadilah.
Photovoltaic and Wind Turbine: A Comparison as Building Integrated Renewable Energy in Indonesia
Authors: Susan Susan , Wardhani Dyah Kusuma
Published: September 2020

The research aimed to comprehensively review the systems related to Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) and Building Integrated Wind Turbine (BIWT). The review purposed to observe the advantages and disadvantages of the application. Designers could use that comparison for consideration of choosing the most suitable Building Integrated Renewable Energy (BIRE) concept for projects. The research presented a literature review of BIRE systems, particularly on BIPV and BIWT systems. The critical analysis focused on some parameters related to their main energy source, type, influencing factor, efficiency, and boundary. The observation about BIPV would be divided into subgroups according to photovoltaic (PV) materials, modules, efficiency, performance’s boundaries, and the general rule of thumb of its installation. The research finds that the BIPV application has advantages in terms of the building’s application scale. It can be applied from small-scale to large-scale. Furthermore, the BIPV application does not need extra space and could directly replace the conventional building envelope materials. The issues of non-uniformity and heat transfer in BIPV can be solved by installing PV in folding-concept and placed an air gap with fins inside. On the other hand, BIWT also has an abundant energy source, but the application limits to windy areas (rural areas or urban areas in high elevation). Aside from those limitations, the BIWT application also has issues of structure, noise, and aesthetical value.
Study on reversal and lateral vibration in the stepped well
Authors: Han Chunjie , Guo Ming , Wang Xiangxu , Yan Tie , Jing Guolin
Published: September 2020

The reversal and lateral vibration of the drill string are very complex motion and can affect the normal operation of the drill string. The movement of the drill string in the stepped well is different from the movement of the drill string in the regular well. The vibration of the drill string in the stepped well varies with the size of the wellbore and can be visually reflected by the phase speed. To find out the relationship between reversal and lateral vibration, the natural frequency of lateral vibration of the drill string was solved by using the method of energy conservation. The analysis shows that the phase speed of flexural wave in the stepped well is faster in small size wellbore than in large size wellbore. The reversal and lateral resonance is easy to happen in small size wellbore, and the reversal will excite lateral vibration. When the sum of reversal and rotational angular frequencies approaches the natural angular frequency of lateral vibration, the lateral resonance will occur.
Ensino de Enfermagem no Brasil e em Portugal
Authors: Moura Saraiva Ana Karinne , De Campos Oliveira Maria Amélia , Gil Cabrito Belmiro
Published: September 2020

O presente estudo objetivou conhecer formação inicial do enfermeiro no Brasil e em Portugal, identificando suas semelhanças e diferenças.Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa por meio da análise de documentos e entrevistas em profundidade. Nesses países a formação em enfermagem é de nível superior, em instituições públicas e privadas, tendo por base dispositivos legais que recomendam um perfil generalista para o desenvolvimento de competências. Contudo, há diferentes nuances na compreensão de enfermagem, saúde/doença e o compromisso social da formação. Resguardadas asespecificidades histórico-sociais decada país, aformação inicial em enfermagem expressa, em grande parte,o movimento geral de privatização e mercadorização da educação superior, bem como o modelo vocacional e tecnicista da formação inicial em enfermagem.
Osteopontin is a prognostic factor in patients with advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Yazici Ozan , Dogan Mutlu , Ozal Guze , Aktas Sedef Hande , Demirkazik Ahmet , Utkan Gungor , Senler Filiz Cay , Icli Fikri , Akbulut Hakan
Published: September 2020

Objective:

Osteopontin (OPN), a phosphorylated sialoprotein, has been shown to overexpress in a variety of cancers and to contribute tumor progression and metastasis by increasing cell migration and adhesion. In the current study, we
aimed to investigate the prognostic and predictive role of OPN in patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Methods:

A total of 42 consecutive chemonaive patients with advanced gastric cancer and 29 healthy controls were included. The patients were treated with a modified DCF regimen. The blood samples were obtained before each chemotherapy
cycle from the patients and once from the healthy controls. The plasma OPN measured by ELISA.

Results:

The overall response and disease stabilization rates were 25% and 72%, respectively. The median serum OPN level of the patient group was significantly higher compared to healthy controls (176.9 ng/ml (range: 41.5 -521.4) vs 64.3
ng/ml (range 42.1-105.3 ng/ml), p<0.0001).The median overall survival time was 7.0 ± 1.1 (95% CI: 4.9–9.2) months and 1-
year overall survival rate was %20.8. The patients who respond to mDCF had lower plasma OPN levels than the nonresponder ones (110.7±29.3 ng/mL, 211.9±24.4 ng/mL respectively, p=0.002). The performance status and the plasma OPN
levels were found to be significant factors for overall survival in the multivariate analysis (p=0.004 and 0.016, respectively).

Conclusion:

The serum OPN seems to be a novel significant prognostic and predictive factor in patients with advanced
gastric cancer whom treated with DCF regimen.
DESCRIPTION OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND BEHAVIORAL BREASTFEEDING ON WORKING MOTHER IN THE ARJASA COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER WORKING AREA IN JEMBER REGENCY
Authors: Al Vianita Fitri , Kurniawati Dini , Juliningrum Peni Perdani
Published: September 2020

Exclusive breastfeeding is an effective way to prevent child mortality. One of the factors that become an obstacle in exclusive breastfeeding is the status of the mother who works, which affects the mother to give exclusive breastfeeding, especially if the mother doesnâ€™t know about exclusive breastfeeding. The purpose of this study was to find out how the description of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of exclusive breastfeeding on working mothers in the Arjasa Community Health Center Working Area in JemberRegency. This type of research is descriptive with a cross-sectional approach and use a purposive sampling technique. Data collection was finished using a questionnaire. Univariate analysis was used to determine the frequency and percentage of each subvariable. The results showed that 3% of working mothers have less knowledge, 3% have enough knowledge, and 61% have good knowledge. 16% of working mothers have enough attitude, 51% have a good attitude. Working mothers who gave exclusive breastfeeding as much as 40% and did not give exclusive breastfeeding as much as 27% of the total of respondents. Knowledge and attitudes towards exclusive breastfeeding cansupport mothers to give exclusive breastfeeding. Knowledge and attitude are not the only factors that influence exclusive breastfeeding, in this region the status of the work plays a greater role. Works can not be used as an excuse for the mother not to give exclusive breastfeeding. The rights and welfare of the mother have been guaranteed and protected by the Health Law and Labor Law
GETTING READY FOR EARTHQUAKE DISASTER WITH TABLETOP EXERCISE FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Authors: Ulya Ikhda , Kusumaningrum Bintari Ratih , Rini Ika Setyo
Published: September 2020

Disaster is an event that can destruct the community living. Malang is a city which have an active seismic, that have high potential of earthquake. To reduce the risk or effect of disaster we need tabletop exercise for disaster management as a mitigation activity. The purpose of this study was to knowing the effect of tabletop exercise on staff readiness once deal with earthquake disaster. This study was quasy experimental with purposivesampling technique. We obtained 24 respondents from administrative staff of medical Faculty Universitas Brawijaya. They were devided into intervention group (n=12) dan control group (n=12). The readiness was measured with knowledge and attitude score pre and post table top exercise. Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that there were significant differences between score pre and post test of knowledge about disaster management in control group (p value= 0.033) and in intervention group (p value=0.005). Dependent Ttest showed that there were significant effect on attitude pre and post table top exercise for disaster management simulation (p value =0,001), but no significant effect in control group (p value =0.376). Independent T-test for attitude and mann whitney test showed that there is no difference between intervention and control group in attitude (p value= 0.318) and knowledge (p value =0.680). In conclusion there is significant effect of tabletop exercise to readiness of the staff medical faculty Universitas Brawijaya once deal withearthquake disaster. But there is no difference in both method of education