bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Work-Related Stress, Quality of Life, and Coping Mechanism Among Lecturers in a Tertiary Educational Institution in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Chukwuemeka Uchechukwu Martha , Okonkwo Uchenna Prosper , Njoku Chibuike Jefferen , Igwe Emeka Sylvester , Oyewumi Taiwo Joseph , Ugwuanyi Daniel Chimmuanya
Published: October 2022

Work-related stress (WRS) is a highly prevalent and pervasive problem that can result in loss of productivity and deterioration of lecturer’s health. Lecturing work requires coping with some of the stressful situations found in any workplace. The study determined the work-related stress, coping mechanisms, and quality of life among lecturers at Nnamdi Azikiwe University (NAU).
Method:This was a cross-sectional survey involving 283 lecturers consecutively recruited from NAU. The Health and Safety Executive Work Related stress (HSE-WRS), Work-Related Quality of life (WRQL), and Brief-cope Questionnaires (BCQ) were applied to assess the participant's work-related stress, quality of work life, and coping mechanism(CM) respectively. Data were analyzed using Spearman rank and Mann-Whitney U tests at a 0.05 level of significance.
Result: Age, years of practice, and academic rank had no statistically significant relationship with work-related stress with p-values given as: p=0.96, p =0.9, and 0.21 respectively. Age and gender were significantly related to the coping mechanism with p-values: p=0.00 and p= 0.01 respectively. The quality of life of lecturers was significantly associated with age with p-values of 0.03. The years of practice have no statistically significant association with coping mechanisms.
Conclusions: there was a statistically significant relationship between age and active coping; there was a statistically significant relationship between gender and work-related stress; there was no statistically significant relationship between years of experience and QOWL; the QOWL of lecturers had a statistically significant correlation with their age, and gender affected the coping mechanism of lecturers at NAU. Also, this study revealed that male lecturers coped better with the rigorous demands of the job in contrast to female lecturers
Measuring the concentration of radioactive gas in building materials
Authors: Elaraby Entesar , Sha Doaa
Published: October 2022

Radon is a noble, radioactive gas produced by the radioactive decay of radium from the dissolution of uranium in soil, water, and various rocks in the environment, which leads to harm to humans and living organisms. The CR39 nuclear track detector was used to measure radioactive rates of radon in one hundred and five samples of different building materials (sand - ceramic - granite - marble -cement - gypsum - bricks) collected from the Jazan region. The average value of radon gas concentration for all samples of buildings used in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was 286.84 ± 33.35 Bq/Kg. The results show the highest value ​​of radiation doses in Royal Gold Granite with a value of 10.98±0.87 mSv / year. The value of the quality coefficient was a correlation between the values of radium concentration and exhalation rates of building materials. As a result, it is advised not to use granite inside homes and only place it on the front of the house.
Bioinformatics analysis of IGFBP-3 and research advances in brain tumors Running title：Protein structure and biological function
Authors: Fan Guofeng , Liu Wen , aili Yirizhati , Li Yabin , Ma Xiaohu , Liu Dong , Wang Yongxin
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVE：Bioinformatics analysis of human insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) molecules and genes, and review of the pathways and regulatory mechanisms of IGFBP-3 in brain tumors ( especially gliomas ) .
METHODS：Analysis of IGFBP-3 protein open reading frame（ORF）and physicochemical properties, secondary structure, tertiary structure, signal peptide and nuclear localization signal, transmembrane structure, domain, phosphorylation and glycosylation of IGFBP-3 protein using molecular biology tools Sites, proteins and biological functions that interact with IGFBP-3 proteins.
RESULTS：The molecular formula of IGFBP-3 protein is C1390H2230N418O422S21. 104 ORFs were found in the mRNA sequence of IGFBP-3. The longest ORF is ORF2, which is 519 bp in total and can encode 172 amino acids.It is an unstable hydrophilic secreted protein, the secondary structure is mainly ring structure and helical structure, containing 67 phosphorylation sites and 3 N-glycosylation sites, no transmembrane region, 3 main domains, Having nuclear localization signals exerts biological effects in the nucleus. IGFBP-3 can participate in biological functions such as apoptosis, negative regulation of cell proliferation, negative regulation of signal transduction, and regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway.
CONCLUSIONS：The predicted results provide a basis for further research on the structure and biological function of IGFBP-3 gene and its encoded protein.
Accumulation of soxC-expressing cells facilitated by MMPreg is essential for blastema formation in annelids
Authors: Fujita Toshiyuki , Aoki Naoya , Mori Chihiro , Homma Koichi , Yamaguchi Shinji
Published: October 2022

Regeneration in many organisms involves the formation of a blastema that differentiates and organises into appropriate missing tissues. Although the mechanisms involved in blastema formation have been an intriguing topic of study in regeneration biology, the cellular and molecular basis of blastema formation remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that during regeneration in E. japonensis, which can regenerate all organs from small fragments, the Sry-related high-mobility group (HMG) box (Sox) C-expressing cells accumulate in the head blastema. In addition, using RNAi silencing, we showed that MMPreg, a member of the matrix metalloprotease (MMP) family involved in extracellular matrix remodelling, is necessary for the accumulation of soxC-expressing cells in the head blastema, suggesting that MMPreg facilitated soxC-expressing cell migration to the head blastema. These findings provide insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying blastema formation.
VE-cadherin-dependent vasculogenic mimicry-like tube formation in rheumatoid arthritic synovium
Authors: Yamazaki Noritaka , Sudo Haruka , Taya Yuji , Soeno Yuuichi , Matsumoto Hideo , Okada Yasunori , Imai Kazushi
Published: October 2022

Increased vascularity in the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is thought to result from angiogenesis. However, other possibilities to develop vasculatures by mechanism(s) like vasculogenic mimicry remain elusive. In this study, expression of vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin was immunohistochemically detected in both microvessel lining cells and fibroblastic cells in RA synovium. VE-cadherin-positive lining cells surrounded by periodic acid-Schiff staining-positive substance were occasionally negative for endothelial cell markers CD31/CD34 but positive for osteoblast (OB)-cadherin that is specific to fibroblastic cells. RA synovial fibroblast-like cells (RSFLs) in culture expressed VE-cadherin and OB-cadherin, but not CD31/CD34. Tube formation was evaluated by real-time adhesion and tube formation assays. RSFLs specifically bound to VE-cadherin-chimera-coated plates. They developed tube-like structures solely, which were hindered by anti-VE-cadherin antibody or VE-cadherin-chimera, and with endothelial cells. VE-cadherin was up-regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor-A165 (VEGF165) treatment, and shed from cell surface by treatment with tumor necrosis factor-a. RSFLs expressed VEGF and VEGF receptors (VEGFRs), and VEGF165 induced up-regulation of VE-cadherin was suppressed by inhibiting VEGFR2 activity. These data demonstrate that fibroblastic cells in RA synovium express VE-cadherin, and suggest that the fibroblastic cells are involved in formation of vasculogenic mimicry-like tubes in RA synovium through the VEGF/VEGFR2/VE-cadherin pathway.
The Temperature Dependence of Hot Prograde Flows in Solar Active Regions
Authors: Fitzpatrick Jimmy C. , Hudson Hugh
Published: October 2022

Using simultaneous observations from the EUV Variability Experiment (EVE) and imaging from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA), we characterise the temperature dependence of apparent hot flows in solar active regions. The EVE instrument performs Sun-as-a-star spectroscopy and is composed of two spectrographs, MEGS-A and MEGS-B. It is known that EVE can measure wavelength shifts, and thus can observe relative Doppler velocities in solar atmospheric plasmas over an extended temperature range. However, MEGS-A is a↵ected by a known astigmatism e↵ect (Chamberlin, 2016); inho-mogeneities in EUV brightness on the solar surface result in purely instrumental wavelength errors. We validate our methods by independently quantifying this e↵ect and comparing to Chamberlin’s results, and explore the wavelength dependence as an extension of his formula as derived for He ii 304Å304Å. MEGS-B is una↵ected by this instrumental e↵ect in any case, and this has allowed us to find evidence of hot prograde flows in active regions. Using our image-based models for astigmatism and flows, we independently confirm the MEGS-B results (Hud-son et al., 2022). We now extend our knowledge of the temperature dependence of these flows via the additional Fe emission lines available in MEGS-A. We find a monotonic increase of apparent flow speed with temperature up through lines of Fe xvi, nominally formed at about 6.4 MK.
Faster Algorithm for Finding Maximum 1-Restricted Simple 2-Matchings
Authors: Artamonov Stepan , Babenko Maxim
Published: October 2022

We revisit the problem of finding a 1-restricted simple 2-matching of maximum cardinality. Recall that, given an undirected graph G = (V, E), a simple 2-matching is a subset M ⊆ E of edges such that each node in V is incident to at most two edges in M. Clearly, each such M decomposes into a node-disjoint collection of paths and circuits. M is called 1-restricted if it contains no isolated edges (i.e. paths of length one). A combinatorial polynomial algorithm for finding such M of maximum cardinality and also a min-max relation were devised by Hartvigsen. It was shown that finding such M amounts to computing a (not necessarily 1-restricted) simple 2-matching M0 of maximum cardinality and subsequently altering it into M of the same cardinality so as to minimize the number of isolated edges. While the first phase (which computes M0) runs in O(E√V ) time, the second one (which turns M0 into M) requires O(V E) time. In this paper we apply the general blocking augmentation approach (initially introduced, e.g., for bipartite matchings by Hopcroft and Karp, and also by Dinic) and present a novel algorithm that reduces the time needed for the second phase to O(E√V ) thus completely closing the gap between 1-restricted and unrestricted cases.
Perception of a need to change weight in individuals living with and beyond breast, prostate and colorectal cancer: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Heuchan Gabriella N , Lally Phillippa J , Beeken Rebecca J , Fisher Abigail , Conway Rana E
Published: October 2022

Purpose
People living with and beyond cancer (LWBC) are advised to achieve a body mass index (BMI) within the healthy range (≥18.5 and <25). Not perceiving a need for weight change may be a barrier to achieving a healthy weight. This study aimed to explore factors associated with perceived need for weight change among people LWBC.
Methods
Adults diagnosed with breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer were recruited through National Health Service sites in Essex and London. Participants (N=5,835) completed the ‘Health and Lifestyle After Cancer’ survey, which included a question on perceived need to change weight. Associations between perceived need for weight change and BMI, and perceived need for weight change and health and demographic variables, were analysed using chi-square tests and logistic regression, respectively.
Results
The proportion of participants perceiving a need to lose weight differed according to BMI category: healthy weight (23%), overweight (64%), obese (85%) (P<0.001). Having overweight or obesity but not perceiving a need to lose weight was associated with being older, male, non-white, not married or cohabiting, and having cancer that had spread, no formal qualifications, and no comorbidities.
Conclusions
Perceived need to lose weight is prevalent among people LWBC with obesity and overweight. This group may be interested in weight management support. Demographic and health factors were associated with having obesity or overweight but not perceiving a need to lose weight.
Implications
Weight loss interventions for people LWBC are needed. A subset of people LWBC with overweight and obesity may need additional information or motivators to engage with weight management.
A systematic description of continent ileostomy revision techniques
Authors: Ecker Nils Karl Josef , Tönsmann Mathias , Ecker Karl-Wilhelm
Published: October 2022

Based on the anatomic site and severity of the respective complication, a systematically classified approach to the appropriate techniques for continent ileostomy revision surgery is presented. By analyzing 133 revision procedures performed over 30 years, four classes of complications are defined: class A refers to the nipple valve, class B to the pouch, class C to the stoma, and class D to the afferent loop. The severity of the complication or complexity of the revision procedure is surmised by a subdivision from a to d. The resulting surgical variants are shown in schematic illustrations with accompanying descriptions of technical details, the respective fields of application, and the special indications. Trial registration numbers: None
Relation Correlations-Aware Graph Convolutional Network With Text-Enhanced for Knowledge Graph Embedding
Authors: Yu Hong , Tang Jinxuan , Peng Zhihan , Liu Dun
Published: October 2022

Long-tail distribution is a diffiffifficult challenge for knowledge graph embedding.We expect to solve the problem by complementing the information of a few shot relations through the neighbor aggregation mechanism of GCN. However, the GCN method and its derivations ignore semantic information and are unable to learn the representation of edges. To address this problem, we propose RCGCN-TE, Relation Correlations-aware Graph Convolutional Network with Text-Enhanced for knowledge graph embedding. As far as we know, this is the fifirst effffort to enable GCN to learn the representation of relations directly. First, the pre-trained language model is used to extract semantic information from description text. Then, the relation correlation graph is constructed by defifining the relation relevance function based on the co-occurrence pattern and semantic similarity of relations. Finally, two GCNS are designed to learn entities and relations respectively, with the loss function allowing them to learn jointly. The experimental results reveal that the proposed model outperforms the baselines on the tasks such as triple classifification and link prediction. For example, Hits@10, Hits@3, and Hits@1 improved by 8.23%, 37.49%, and 46.94%, respectively, on the entity prediction task.
Caffeine Improves Elevated IOP by modulating Oxido-inflammatory responses in Rat Models of Glaucoma
Authors: Adekeye Adeshina , Fafure Adedamola , Mellah Faith Seember , Zubairu Mahmud Kamaru , Enye Linus , Oni James Olukayode
Published: October 2022

Glaucoma, a neurodegenerative disease caused by continuous damage to the retina and optic nerve, is the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally. Caffeine, a central nervous system stimulant, is widely consumed for its psychoactive effects. This study aimed to determine caffeine's anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory role on elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) following hyaluronic acid and hypertonic saline injections. Thirty (30) adult Long-Evans rats were distributed randomly into six (n=6) groups. The Control group received 50 µL of dH20. H.A. received 25 µL of hyaluronic acid into the corneosclera junction. H.S., 50 µL of hypertonic saline into the episcleral vein. PHA and PHS were treated with an intraperitoneal injection of 20mg/kg caffeine. Group CAF received an intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg of caffeine. IOP measurement was taken, and markers of oxidative stress, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) were assayed. The inflammasome immunoreactivity was evaluated. We observed severe inflammasome activation in the H.S. model of elevated IOP. H.A. and H.S. injections induced antioxidant imbalance by increased and decreased levels of MDA and SOD, respectively. In addition, an increase in the IOP and retina damage was observed following H.A. and H.S. injection, while caffeine demonstrated an ameliorative role in reviving the RGC damage. Caffeine demonstrated an ameliorative role in reducing the intraocular pressure and rejuvenating effect on the RGC, which was more evident in the hypertonic saline model of elevated IOP.
Criteria for the use of conventional clip and over-the-scope clip for closure of mucosal defects after duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Jinushi Ryuhei , Tashima Tomoaki , Sato Ryo , Komori Kengo , Shin Takahiro , Terada Rie , Shiomi Rie , Muramatsu Takahiro , Ishikawa Tsubasa , Fujita Akashi , Tanisaka Yuki , Mashimo Yumi , Mizuide Masafumi , Kawasaki Tomonori , Ryozawa Shomei
Published: October 2022

Purpose

Over-the-scope clip (OTSC) is used for treatment of gastrointestinal perforation, postoperative anastomotic leakage, and for mucosal defect closure after duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). However, OTSCs are expensive and associated with fatal complications; therefore, proper OTSC usage is necessary. There are no clear criteria for OTSC use for mucosal defect closure after duodenal ESD. Therefore, we examined the closure outcomes achieved using OTSCs or conventional clips for patients that underwent duodenal ESD. We also analyzed the resected specimen area and preoperative estimated size of tumors treated with each method to determine the criteria for using either OTSC or conventional clip.

Methods

Endoscopic resection was performed for 133 superficial duodenal epithelial tumors at our institution from April 2017 to February 2022. Complete closure of mucosal defects after duodenal ESD was attempted for 82 tumors; these were divided into the OTSC group and the control group (for which conventional clips were used). Closure outcomes were analyzed.

Results

The overall rate of complete mucosal defect closure in the OTSC and control groups was 98.8% (95% confidence interval = 93.39–99.97%). There were significant differences in the median estimated tumor size (20 mm vs 15 mm; p < 0.001) and median resected specimen area (339.1 mm2 vs 169.6 mm2; p < 0.001) between the groups.

Conclusion

If the estimated preoperative tumor size is ≤ 18 mm, complete closure of mucosal defects after duodenal ESD can be achieved with only conventional clips. Based on this study, we suggest that OTSC is not necessary for small lesions.
A Novel Metaheuristic Method: Gravitational-based Global Optimization
Authors: ERTUĞRUL Ömer Faruk , ALDEMİR Erdoğan , ÖZTEKİN Abdulkerim , ACAR Emrullah
Published: October 2022

Metaheuristic optimization methods provide a satisfactory solution for complex engineering problems. In this study, a novel metaheuristic searching approach was proposed to tackle engineering problems. The relative slope-based gravitational searching algorithm, namely XAR, provides a novel searching strategy, which is built on the law of gravity and interaction of the inertia mass. Making to move the searching agents using the slope-based gravity is the original contribution to this work. Searching agents of the method, i.e., balls, evolutionarily move regarding the relative slope of the consecutive balls. The algorithm determines a set of resolutions by the numbers of the balls aggregated. In other words, the method converges to the area in search space, where the greatest number of agents is located. The algorithm has been tested on a wide range of benchmark function sets and a complex real-world engineering problem. The implementation results confirm a notable achievement for a diverse set of cost functions. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves a notable achievement of global optimum compared to the state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, a satisfactory rate of convergence for all functions was found. In other word, the method converges to the optimal position (minimum cost) in search space, where the greatest number of agents is located.
Does infant sensory responsiveness explain exclusive breastfeeding 6 months after birth? A cohort prospective study
Authors: Freund-Azaria Adi , Bart Orit , Regev Rivka , Bar-Shalita Tami
Published: October 2022

Background
Although exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months of life, breastfeeding rates in most developed countries are low. Sensory responsiveness has been found to interfere with infant and childcare, development, and routines, but have not yet been examined as breastfeeding barrier. The aim of this study was to explore the association between infant sensory responsiveness and exclusive breastfeeding and whether it can predict exclusive breastfeeding cessation prior to 6 months of age.
Methods
In this cohort prospective study participants were 164 mothers and their infants recruited 2 days after birth in a maternity ward between June 2019 and January 2021. At this time, participating mothers completed a demographic and delivery information questionnaire. At 6 weeks after birth, the mothers completed the Infant Sensory Profile2 (ISP2), reporting their infants’ sensory responsiveness in daily activities. At 6 months, infants' sensory responsiveness was assessed using the Test-of Sensory-Functions-in-Infants (TSFI) and the Bayley-Scales-of-Infant-and-Toddler-Development-3rd -Edition was administered. Additionally, mothers provided information about their breastfeeding status and were divided into two groups accordingly: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and non-exclusive breastfeeding (NEBF).
Results
The incidence of atypical sensory responsiveness (mostly of the sensory over-responsivity type) at 6 weeks was twice as high among NEBF infants than EBF infants (36.2% vs. 17%, χ2 = 7.41, p = .006). Significant group differences were found in the ISP2-touch section (F = 10.22, p = .002). In addition, NEBF infants displayed more sensory over-responsivity behaviors than EBF infants in the TSFI-deep touch (F = 2.916, p = .001) and tactile integration subtests (F = 3.095, p < .001), and had lower scores in the adaptive motor functions subtest (F = 2.443, p = .013). Logistic regression modeling revealed that ISP2 at 6 weeks (typical vs. atypical) and TSFI-total score at 6 months predicted 28% of NEBF at 6 months (χ2 = 23.072, p = .010).
Conclusions
Infant atypical sensory responsiveness, predominantly of the sensory over-responsivity type, were found to predict NEBF at 6 months after birth. This study contributes to the understanding of exclusive breastfeeding barriers, highlighting the importance of early identification of sensory over-responsivity in infants. Findings may suggest developing early sensory interventions and providing individualized breastfeeding support tailored to the infant’s unique sensory profile.
Fine-structure of the dehydration boundary diaspore = corundum + H2O as indication of a system of PVT-anomalies
Authors: Mirwald Peter W.
Published: October 2022

The study presents a re-examination of the dehydration reaction diaspore to corundum + H2O between 450° − 600° C in the pressure range 1 to 3 GPa. The high-pressure study bases on differential pressure analysis and simultaneous monitoring of piston displacement performed in a piston-cylinder apparatus. In quasi-isobaric runs the reaction of dehydration and re-hydration is documented by a temperature interval of about 30° width indicating that the reaction is affected by kinetics. In contrast to previous studies which explored the pressure range up to 5 GPa, the re-examined boundary is not presented by a smooth curve, but is structured by pressure anomalies at 1.0, 1.8 and 2.75 GPa. Literature data suggest further anomalies in the pressure range below 1.0 GPa, at 200 and 400 MPa. Comparison with earlier dehydration studies shows a striking similarity in this respect, and suggest a largely temperature independent general system of high-pressure anomalies. Literature examples show that these anomalies are also to be found in other materials of very divers composition.
Glyphosate affects Tetragonisca angustula (Latreille, 1811) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) worker’s locomotion, behavior and biology
Authors: Prado Isabela Sousa , Rocha Agda Alves da , Silva Lais Alves , Gonzalez Vinícius Cunha
Published: October 2022

Declining bee populations diminish pollination services, damaging plant, and agricultural biodiversity. One of the causes of this decline is the use of pesticides. Pesticides with glyphosate as an active ingredient are among the most used pesticides worldwide, being the most used in Brazil. This study determined the 24 and 48 hours LD50 (median lethal dose) of the herbicide glyphosate by ingestion, identified sublethal doses, and investigated its effects on the locomotion and behavior of Tetragonisca angustula workers. The LD50 found indicates that glyphosate is highly toxic to T. angustula. The doses applied, including concentrations found in nature and recommended dosage, caused death, motor changes (decreased speed and tremors), excessive self-cleaning, and disorientation (return to light and stop). These results suggest that this herbicide can negatively affect the pollination activity of T. angustula. Toxicity and sublethal effects evaluation of pesticides on bees contributes to a better understanding of the harmful effects on hives and to adopt strategies to reduce intoxication.
Mathematical modelling for detection of polarity in online social networks using Dempster−Shafer theory and fuzzy functions
Authors: Shekarbaigi Mohsen
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we introduce a mathematical modeling of a relative polarity of onlinesocial networks users. For this purpose, we create a fuzzy model of communities andfinally, we detect the polarity of all users. To achieve this goal, we are faced with theproblem of uncertainty. To solve this problem, we calculated the major methods ofdecision integration, including voting, rank, score, behavior and the Dempster Shafer method. Another initiative of this paper is in it’s ultimate goal which clearly deals with the polarity of a society by a new mathematical modeling. In order to be able toevaluate our proposed method correctly and accurately, we should first implement it and then examine the tools that are produced. Python programming language has been used in Spider software to implement community polarity detection. At each stage we have used the required libraries which have about 3500 lines of useful code. To evaluate the proposed method in Section 2, we implemented our proposed method. The evaluation of the proposed method was done in two ways, first, we compared the second phase of the third phase with different methods of decision integration and after selecting the best method, we reviewed the output results according to the opinions of experts.
In-situ formation of an ultra-low wear boundary tribofilm from carboxylic acid molecules
Authors: Wang Bin , Chang Qiuying , Wang Kai , Li Zhe , Gao Kai
Published: October 2022

This paper describes series of four-ball tribological and atomic force squeezing test results obtained under different contact pressures and sliding speeds (or squeezing speeds) and performed with poly-alpha-olefin suspended 0.5% weight percentage of different types of carboxylic acids. Results indicated that under a confined zone (contact pressures varied from 2.4~3.9 GPa), there is a critical turning speed at which the friction performances of carboxylic acid change dramatically. When the sliding speed exceeds the critical turning speed, carboxylic acid molecules or their incomplete decomposition products would adsorb, deposit, and spread in the friction surface, thus form an island–like aggregate tribofilm with an approximately thickness of 150 nm achieving a super–low wear.
Intraperitoneal injection of 5-azacytidine alleviates nerve injury-induced chronic neuropathic pain in rats: the involvement of DNA methylation in the lumbar spinal cord
Authors: Li Xuan , Liu DeZhao , Dai ZhiSen , You YiSheng , Chen Yan , Lei ChenXing , Lv YouYou , Wang Ying
Published: October 2022

Aims
To investigate the role of DNA methylation in modulating chronic neuropathic pain (NPP), identify possible target genes of DNA methylation involved in this process, and preliminarily confirm the medicinal value of the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor 5-azacytidine (5-AZA) in NPP by targeting gene methylation.
Methods
Two rat NPP models, chronic constriction injury (CCI) and spinal nerve ligation (SNL), were used. The DNA methylation profiles in the lumbar spinal cord were assayed using an Arraystar Rat RefSeq Promoter Array. The underlying genes with differential methylation were then identified and submitted to Gene Ontology and pathway analysis. Methyl-DNA immunoprecipitation quantitative PCR (MeDIP-qPCR) and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT‒qPCR) were used to confirm gene methylation and expression. The protective function of 5-AZA in NPP and gene expression were evaluated via behavioral assays and RT‒qPCR, respectively.
Results
Analysis of the DNA methylation patterns in the lumbar spinal cord indicated that 1205 differentially methylated fragments in CCI rats were located within DNA promoter regions, including 638 hypermethylated fragments and 567 hypomethylated fragments. The methylation levels of Grm4, Htr4, Adrb2, Kcnf1, Gad2 and Pparg, which are associated with long-term potentiation (LTP) and glutamatergic synapse pathways, were increased with a corresponding decrease in their mRNA expression, in the spinal cords of CCI rats. Moreover, we found that the intraperitoneal injection of 5-AZA (4 mg/kg) attenuated CCI- or SNL-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Finally, the mRNA expression of hypermethylated genes such as Grm4, Htr4, Adrb2, Kcnf1 and Gad2 was reversed after 5-AZA treatment.
Conclusion
Increasing methylation is a novel negative regulatory mechanism of target gene expression in chronic NPP. In rats, the intraperitoneal injection of 5-AZA alleviated spinal nociception, an effect accompanied by the reversed expression of hypermethylated genes. Thus, DNA methylation inhibition represents a promising strategy for protection against chronic NPP following nerve injury. Our study lays a theoretical foundation for 5-AZA to become a clinical targeted drug.
Evaluating the performance of flood susceptibility through novel hybrid machine learning approach in tropical plateau basin, India
Authors: Kundu Moumita , Zafor Md Abu , Maity Ramakrishna
Published: October 2022

Floods are catastrophic natural disasters that inundate large areas and cause loss of life and property, property, and crops. The nature and extent of floods are much higher in the lowland plains than in the plateau region through the accumulation and inundation of a higher volume of water from the upland. The flood susceptibility model is essential to identifying the proper inundation zone for socio-cultural, industrial, and human development. This article highlights the flood susceptibility zonation along the Rupnarayan basin in southwestern West Bengal. It carries through the Rarh region, using a new approach by integrating Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and machine learning (ML) techniques. An integrated model was employed using two or more individual models to obtain the best combination for delineating the flood susceptible zone of the study area. The result reveals that the probability of flood risk is much higher in the lower part of the study area, and in the western part, about 60% of the study area belongs to the moderate to very high class. Cross-validation using the ROC curve implies a good prediction accuracy, and KNN has the highest prediction rate (0.971). Nonetheless, this study recommended adapting several management techniques such as the dam's construction, check dam, embankment, ban on sand mining, change in land-use practices, to resist the severity of flood effect in this study area.
Stilbene Glucoside Ameliorates Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder by Regulating BDNF Signal Pathway and Inhibiting Neuro-inflammation in Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Sun Jichao , Li Weiwei , Zhang Bixia , Chen Songlin , Zhu Wanqing , Xie Sheng , Pang Lihong
Published: October 2022

Background
We investigated the effect of Stilbene on inflammation and the underlying mechanisms in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).
Methods
Rats were divided into the control group, the model group, the positive group (4.56 mg/kg/day), Stilbene LD group (40 mg/kg), Stilbene MD group (60 mg/kg), and Stilbene HD group (80 mg/kg). The open field test (OFT) and Morris water maze test (MWM) were used to compare the behavior of the rats among the groups, while real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot were used to compare the expression of cytokines in different brain tissues among the groups.
Results
OFT and MWM revealed that stilbene significantly reduced hyperactivity and impulsivity, and improved spatial memory in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Stilbene reduced DHA levels in striatum and hippocampus, but increased the mRNA expressions of AKT1, BDNF, SOS1, PIK3CG, GAB1, and NTRK2, and the protein levels of SOS1, GAB1, AKT1, TrkB, and Kinase P110 beta in prefrontal, striatum, and hippocampus.
Conclusions
Stilbene reduced neuroinflammation and attenuated symptoms of ADHD in SHRs.
Paroxetine mediate macrophage polarization by regulating GRK2-EP4-cAMP-pCREB signaling pathway in treating mice with DSS-induced colitis
Authors: Zhang Jiawei , Zhang Xianzheng , Lu Mingdian , Chang Yan , Wang Qingtong , Tu Jiajie , Wu Huaxun , Wang Chun , Hong Zhongyang , Xiong Maoming , Song Lihua , Wei Wei
Published: October 2022

Objective and design This study aimed to investigate the role of GRK2 in macrophage polarization of ulcerative colitis and to detect weather paroxetine could alleviate the symptoms of DSS-induced colitis in mice by regulating GRK2 translocation to affect macrophage polarization.
Subjects After informed consent, colonic biopsies were obtained from a total of 22 patients with ulcerative colitis group and 22 volunteers who have received colonoscopy as control group. GRK2 heterozygous mice on the C57BL/6J background and WT littermates were used in this study. In vitro experiments were conducted in THP-1 cell.
MethodsLamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs) were isolated from surgically resected colonic tissue by using enzymatic technique. THP-1 cells were stimulated by PMA (100 ng/ml) for 48 h to differentiate into macrophages (THP-M). Experimental colitis was induced in mice by administrating 3.5% dextran sodium sulfate for consecutive 7 days. Pathological changes in the colon tissues were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The levels of infammatory factors, including PGE2, cAMP, IL-1β, and IL-10 were determined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. The expression levels of GRK2, EP4, and pCREB proteins were measured by Western blot analysis. The mRNA levels of IRF5 and IRF4 weremeasured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The levels of CD68, CD86, CD206 and F4/80 were detected by flow cytometric analysis.
Results
UC patients showed higher PGE2 level and higher M1/M2 ratio than control group patients. In mice, the absence of GRK2 prevented higher disease activity index DAI and higher spleen index. In THP-1, the pIRES-EGFP-GRK2 plasmids transfection enhanced the release of IL-1β and increased the ratio of M1/M2. Paroxetine could influence macrophage polarization by down-regulating EP4/cAMP/pCREB-dependent GRK2 translocation, and alleviated the symptoms in mice with DSS-induced colitis.
Conclusion GRK2 mediates the changes of PGE2-EP4-cAMP-pCREB pathway may influence M2 polarization in LPMCs of UC patients. Paroxetine alleviated the symptoms in mice with DSS-induced colitis and maybe a potential target for UC.
The MYC-YBX1 Circuit in Maintaining Stem-like Vincristine-Resistant Cells in Rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Fritzke Madeline , Chen Kenian , Tang Weiliang , Stinson Spencer , Ito Misa , Xu Lin , Chen Eleanor
Published: October 2022

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a devastating pediatric soft tissue sarcoma with no effective therapy for relapsed disease. There is limited knowledge on the mechanisms underlying treatment failures. We demonstrated that treatment of RMS cells with vincristine led to an increase of CD133-positive stem-like resistant cells. By single cell RNAseq analysis, MYC and YBX1 were among the top-scored transcription factors in CD133-high expressing cells. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeting of MYC and YBX1 reduced stem-like characteristics and viability of the vincristine-resistant cells. MYC and YBX1 exhibited mutual regulation with MYC binding to the YBX1 promoter and YBX1 binding the MYC mRNA. A MYC inhibitor, MYC361i, synergized with vincristine to reduce tumor growth and deplete the stem-like cells in a zebrafish model of RMS. MYC and YBX expression showed positive correlation in RMS patients. High expression of MYC correlated with poor survival. Targeting the MYC-YBX1 axis represents a promising option for improving survival of RMS patients.
It\^o--distribution from Gibbs measure and a comparison with experiment
Authors: bhattacharyay Arijit , Dhawan Abhinav
Published: October 2022

Langevin dynamics of a confined Brownian particle with coordinate--dependent diffusion involves multiplicative noise. Mathematically, equilibrium of such a stochastic system with multiplicative noise is an It\^o--process. However, in physics literature, the process and resulting It\^o--distribution is not considered to represent equilibrium because it is a modified Boltzmann distribution. It\^o--distribution is derived in this paper from Gibbs measure without involving any convention for stochastic integration, hence, no It\^o vs Stratonovich dilemma results. Then, in the light of an existing experiment reported in 1994 by Faucheux and Libchaber, we compare the Boltzmann distribution with the modified one for thermal equilibrium of Brownian particle near confining walls causing coordinate dependence of diffusion. Distribution corresponding to the It\^o--process (modified Boltzmann) is shown to adequately account for the experimental results where the Boltzmann--distribution fails.
Abnormal variations of the four factors in osteoporotic fractures
Authors: Binwang
Published: October 2022

Objective: The classical osteoporotic signaling pathways include the four key factors (LRP5, Runx2, Osterix, and RANKL) influencing the regulation of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the variations of these four factors in bone specimens associated with fractures of osteoporotic rats. Methods: Osteoporotic rats as osteoporotic group were randomly divided into three groups: group A, group B and group C. Non-osteoporotic rats as control group were divided into three groups: A0, B0 and C0, using the same method. The rats were killed on the third day of fractures in groups A and A0, on the seventh day of fractures in groups B and B0 and on the fourteenth day of fractures in groups C and C0. The bone specimens were taken from the femur. The expression level of each factor in bone specimens was detected using RT-qPCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results: LRP5, Runx2 and Osterix expressions were decreased in osteoporotic rat fractures and then increased with the increase in time. The expression of RANKL was elevated in osteoporotic rat bone specimens, and then after that, it keeps going up decreased. Conclusion: The four factors can inform on an ideal interventions in the prevention and management of osteoporosis.
Unveiling knowledge structure and research trends in human libraries: A systematic synthesis of bibliometric, thematic, and content analysis
Authors: Fung-Mei  , Chiao-Min
Published: October 2022

Background It has been more than 20 years since the inception of the human library in 2000. Because no scholar so far has ever conducted a comprehensive review of the development of the human library, our knowledge about human library research is limited.
Purpose This study applied the methodology of systematic review to the literature on human library to understand the development and knowledge structure of the research field.
Scope/Method 46 documents on human library were extracted from Scopus according to PRISMA guidelines. Descriptive statistics were obtained through bibliometric analysis. Thematic analysis identified the research themes. Content analysis examined the knowledge structure of human library research.
Findings This study clarified major characteristics of human library research, such as top articles and journals, most productive authors and countries, and citations, etc. The themes of human library development, diversity, and oral history formed a research strand that focused on the development and operation of human library. The themes of prejudice reduction and inclusion formed another research strand that was interested in the interaction between human books and readers. Finally, the study proposed a comprehensive framework integrating the major themes and facets relating to human library research.
Originality This study conducted a systematic literature review of human library with state-of-the-art of techniques. To the best of the authors’ limited knowledge, to date, the study is the first attempt to combine bibliometric, thematic, and content analysis to study library development in the field of libraries and information science.
CD8+ T cell clonotypes from prior SARS-CoV-2 infection predominate during the cellular immune response to mRNA vaccination
Authors: Ford Emily S. , Mayer-Blackwell Koshlan , Jing Lichen , Sholukh Anton M. , Germain Russell St. , Bossard Emily L. , Xie Hong , Pulliam Thomas H. , Jani Saumya , Selke Stacy , Burrow Carlissa J. , McClurkan Christopher L. , Wald Anna , Holbrook Michael R. , Eaton Brett , Eudy Elizabeth , Murphy Michael , Postnikova Elena , Robins Harlan S. , Elyanow Rebecca , Gittelman Rachel M. , Ecsedi Matyas , Wilcox Elise , Chapuis Aude G. , Fiore-Gartland Andrew , Koelle David M.
Published: October 2022

Almost three years into the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, hybrid immunity is highly prevalent worldwide and more protective than vaccination or prior infection alone. Given emerging resistance of variant strains to neutralizing antibodies (nAb), it is likely that T cells contribute to this protection. To understand how sequential SARS-CoV-2 infection and mRNA-vectored SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) vaccines affect T cell clonotype-level expansion kinetics, we identified and cross-referenced TCR sequences from thousands of S-reactive single cells against deeply sequenced peripheral blood TCR repertoires longitudinally collected from persons during COVID-19 convalescence through booster vaccination. Successive vaccinations recalled memory T cells and elicited antigen-specific T cell clonotypes not detected after infection. Vaccine-related recruitment of novel clonotypes and the expansion of S-specific clones were most strongly observed for CD8+ T cells. Severe COVID-19 illness was associated with a more diverse CD4+ T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 both prior to and after mRNA vaccination, suggesting imprinting of CD4+ T cells by severe infection. TCR sequence similarity search algorithms revealed myriad public TCR clusters correlating with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles. Selected TCRs from distinct clusters functionally recognized S in the predicted HLA context, with fine viral peptide requirements differing between TCRs. Most subjects tested had S-specific T cells in the nasal mucosa after a 3rd mRNA vaccine dose. The blood and nasal T cell responses to vaccination revealed by clonal tracking were more heterogeneous than nAb boosts. Analysis of bulk and single cell TCR sequences reveals T cell kinetics and diversity at the clonotype level, without requiring prior knowledge of T cell epitopes or HLA restriction, providing a roadmap for rapid assessment of T cell responses to emerging pathogens.
Flushing of the Follicles in Ovum Pick-up Procedures Gives a Better Chance for Pregnancy in Low Ovarian Reserve Patients
Authors: Oral Serkan , Şişmanoğlu Alper
Published: October 2022

Background
This study aims compare the pregnancy and live birth rates between the oocytes retrieved without follicular flushing FF(-) in the oocyte pick-up (OPU) procedure performed in women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and those retrieved by follicular flushing FF(+).
Results
The study was conducted among patients diagnosed with DOR according to Bologna criteria and applied to the clinic for IVF between 2017–2020. A total of 358 infertile women with follicles three and below on the hCG day, between the ages of 21 and 42, without severe male factor, without uterine anomaly, without uterine surgery, and who did not undergo PGD were included in the study. Each follicle was aspirated once in the OPU procedure, and if a follicle was retrieved, it was moved to the other follicle. If the follicle could not be retrieved, the oocyte was tried to be retrieved by flushing a maximum of 3 times. The number of oocytes retrieved, clinical pregnancy rate, and live birth rate were compared. Since all the oocytes retrieved in 143 patients were retrieved directly without the need for FF, it was named FF(-) group. Since at least one oocyte of the remaining 215 patients was retrieved by performing FF, it was named FF(+) group. Since some of the oocytes retrieved from 112 patients in the FF(+) group were retrieved with FF and some without FF, they were excluded from the study, and the remaining 103 cases formed the FF(+) group a total of 246 patients were compared. The mean number of MII oocytes ,the pregnancy rates, rates of live births and the abortion rates between two groups did not show any statistical difference.
Conclusion
FF applied during oocyte retrieval in DOR did not positively affect the number of retrieved oocytes, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates even doing this may decrease the pregnancy rate because of the probable low quality egg but we should not forget that if we did not do flushing after once we aspirated the follicle we would not be able to obtain any pregnancy at all in this patients.