bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data-driven automated predictions of the avalanche danger level for dry-snow conditions in Switzerland
Authors: Pérez-Guillén Cristina , Techel Frank , Hendrick Martin , Volpi Michele , van Herwijnen Alec , Olevski Tasko , Obozinski Guillaume , Pérez-Cruz Fernando , Schweizer Jürg
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Even today, the assessment of avalanche danger is by and large a subjective yet data-based decision-making process. Human experts analyse heterogeneous data volumes, diverse in scale, and conclude on the avalanche scenario based on their experience. Nowadays, modern machine learning methods and the rise in computing power in combination with physical snow cover modelling open up new possibilities for developing decision support tools for operational avalanche forecasting. Therefore, we developed a fully data-driven approach to assess the regional avalanche danger level, the key component in public avalanche forecasts, for dry-snow conditions in the Swiss Alps. Using a large data set of more than 20 years of meteorological data measured by a network of automated weather stations, which are located at the elevation of potential avalanche starting zones, and snow cover simulations driven with these input weather data, we trained two random forest (RF) classifiers. The first classifier (RF 1) was trained relying on the forecast danger levels published in the official Swiss avalanche bulletin. To reduce the uncertainty resulting from using the forecast danger level as target variable, we trained a second classifier (RF 2) that relies on a quality-controlled subset of danger level labels. We optimized the RF classifiers by selecting the best set of input features combining meteorological variables and features extracted from the simulated profiles. The accuracy of the models, i.e. the percentage of correct danger level predictions, ranged between 74 % and 76 % for RF 1 and between 72 % and 78 % for RF 2. We assessed the accuracy of forecasts with nowcast assessments of avalanche danger by well-trained observers. The performance of both models was similar to the agreement rate between forecast and nowcast assessments of the current experience-based Swiss avalanche forecasts (which is estimated to be 76 %). The models performed consistently well throughout the Swiss Alps, thus in different climatic regions, albeit with some regional differences. Our results suggest that the models may well have potential to become a valuable supplementary decision support tool for avalanche forecasters when assessing avalanche hazard.
Supraglacial streamflow and meteorological drivers from southwest Greenland
Authors: Muthyala Rohi , Rennermalm Åsa K. , Leidman Sasha Z. , Cooper Matthew G. , Cooley Sarah W. , Smith Laurence C. , van As Dirk
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Greenland ice sheet surface runoff is drained through supraglacial
stream networks. This evacuation influences surface mass balance as well as
ice dynamics. However, in situ observations of meltwater discharge through
these stream networks are rare. In this study, we present 46 discrete
discharge measurements and continuous water level measurements for 62 d
spanning the majority of of the melt season (13 June to 13 August) in 2016 for a 0.6 km2 supraglacial stream catchment in southwest Greenland. The result is
an unprecedentedly long record of supraglacial discharge that captures both
diurnal variability and changes over the melt season. A comparison of
surface energy fluxes to stream discharge reveals shortwave radiation as the
primary driver of melting. However, during high-melt episodes, the
contribution of shortwave radiation to melt energy is reduced by
∼40  % (from 1.13 to 0.73 proportion). Instead, the relative
contribution of longwave radiation, sensible heat fluxes, and latent heat fluxes to
overall melt increases by ∼24 %, 6 %, and 10 %
(proportion increased from −0.32 to −0.08, 0.28 to 0.34, and −0.04 to 0.06)
respectively. Our data also identify that the timing of daily maximum
discharge during clear-sky days shifts from 16:00 local time (i.e., 2 h
45 min after solar noon) in late June to 14:00 in late July and then
rapidly returns to 16:00 in early August. The change in the timing of daily
maximum discharge could be attributed to the expansion and contraction of
the stream network, caused by skin temperatures that likely fell below freezing at night.
The abrupt shift, in early August, in the timing of daily maximum discharge
coincides with a drop in air temperature, a drop in the amount of water temporarily stored in
weathering crust, and a decreasing covariance between stream velocity and
discharge. Further work is needed to investigate if these results can be
transferable to larger catchments and uncover if rapid shifts in
the timing of peak discharge are widespread across Greenland supraglacial streams and
thus have an impact on meltwater delivery to the subglacial system
and ice dynamics.
Sistem Pakar Mendiagnosa Gangguan Mental pada Diri Seseorang Mengunakan Metode Certainty Factor
Authors: Nopi Nopi Purnomo , Musthafa Haris Munandar  , Feri Irawan  , Januardi Rosyidi Lubis
Published: June 2022

People with mental disorders are very much starting in Indonesia, the results of health research in 2015, 1,193,151 people or 0.467% of the population who suffer from mental disorders. This mental disorder disease should not be silenced anymore, must be followed up or minimized in order to improve health conditions in Indonesia. The poverty rate in Indonesia until now is still relatively high and makes it difficult for people to deal with mental disorders. As for minimizing the handling of this mental disorder, it is very suitable to build an expert system using the certainty factor method, which is a method that defines a measure of capacity for a fact or rule, in expressing the level of confidence of an expert on a problem that is being faced by a patient or sufferer and can also be used as a benchmark of the results of the diagnosis of a disease suffered. By making this expert system, it can be useful for many people and can know clearly about mental disorders from symptoms and solutions based on a website and using PHP programming with a MySQL database. The results of the study using the certainty factor method with tests that have been carried out by the user or users are that the type of mental disorder suffered is the type of schizophrenia with a 56% certainty rate.
Reading the Waves: Continuity and Change in Ocean Lawmaking
Authors: Novak Gregor
Published: June 2022

During the last several decades the ocean has maintained its histori- cally pivotal socio-economic and geopolitical role. Humans rely on the ocean for habitation and nourishment, energy and sanitation, migra- tion and refuge, trade and communication, knowledge and meaning- giving, and the maintenance of global peace and security. Yet many who depend on the ocean are poorly served by what may be called “ocean law.” Moreover, the ocean and its resources are under acute strain through overfishing, the varied consequences of climate change and ocean degradation, sea-level rise, and the risk of marine infectious dis- eases, among other threats. This Article identifies widely-recognized de- ficiencies in “ocean law,” traces them to the design of ocean lawmaking, and draws on the latter’s history to point towards a path of democratic reform. Navigators are skilled at “reading the waves,” distilling insights about past and likely future events from ripples on the ocean’s surface. Similarly, this Article samples from the modern history of humanity’s re- lationship with the ocean to gain insights into continuities, changes, and dynamic elements in contemporary ocean lawmaking. The Article ar- gues that keeping in mind, supporting, and leveraging certain dynamic elements revealed in this lawmaking arena can help democratize ocean lawmaking and accelerate sorely needed reforms in ocean law. Such reforms are needed because contemporary ocean lawmaking has pro- duced ocean law whose main defect is not merely that it is patchy, uncoordinated, and often ineffective but that it is heavily skewed to- wards powerful actors with vested interests in the status quo. As a re- sult, it has sidelined those who must bear the downstream costs of its lawmaking outcomes and placed at risk the very survival of the ocean ecosystem and those who rely on it. In turn, any reform of ocean law- making should give more power and voice to vulnerable coastal com- munities, victims of human trafficking, refugees, maritime workers, peo- ple deriving their livelihood from the marine economy, consumers, the scientific community, indigenous peoples, future generations, and the maritime ecosystem itself.
Evidence-Based Recommendations for Improving National Environmental Policy Act Implementation
Authors: Ruple John C. , Pleune Jamie , Heiny Erik
Published: June 2022

The National Environmental Policy Act requires federal agencies to consider environmental impacts before acting.  NEPA is the Magna Carta of U.S. environmental law, a topic of intense debate, and the subject of ongoing rulemaking efforts.  Prior NEPA scholarship focuses almost exclusively on Environmental Impact Statements, which account for just 1% of all NEPA decisions.  Little is known about the length of time required to complete the other 99% of agency decisions, which involve a more streamlined review.  This is a critical gap in the literature because NEPA compliance involves an estimated 50,000 federal decisions annually.  NEPA reform, we believe, should begin with a careful understanding of NEPA practice at all levels of review.                                                                                                                                                

To help advance effective NEPA reform, we studied over 41,000 NEPA decisions completed by the U.S. Forest Service between 2004 and 2020.  Using this data, we conducted a multivariate statistical analysis of the length of time required to complete the NEPA process at each level of review.  We then investigated factors associated with longer decisionmaking times.  Our model accounts for interactions between 3 levels of NEPA analysis, 43 activities involved in these decisions, 9 geographic regions, and the year of project initiation.  Contrary to widely held assumptions, we found that a less rigorous level of analysis often fails to deliver faster decisions.  Delays, we found, are often caused by factors only tangentially related to the Act, like inadequate agency budgets, staff turnover, delays receiving information from permit applicants, and compliance with other laws.  Improving NEPA efficacy, we argue, should therefore focus on improving agency capacity.  This approach, we believe, would improve the NEPA process and advance NEPA’s mandate to engage with key stakeholders and carefully consider environmental impacts before making decisions.
Opening Remarks from the 2022 Symposium
Authors: Jaffe-Geffner Nina
Published: June 2022

Ms. Jaffe-Geffner's remarks were delivered at the 2022 Symposium The Equal Rights Amendment: A New Guarantee of Sex Equality in the U.S. Constitution. The event was co-sponsored by the Columbia Journal of Gender and Law and the Columbia Law School ERA Project.
The Equal Rights Amendment in Global Context: Gender Equality in Constitutions Worldwide and the Potential of More Comprehensive Approaches
Authors: Sprague Aleta , Heymann Jody , Raub Amy
Published: June 2022

This piece was submitted in connection with the 2022 Symposium The Equal Rights Amendment: A New Guarantee of Sex Equality in the U.S. Constitution. The event was co-sponsored by the Columbia Journal of Gender and Law and the Columbia Law School ERA Project.
Feminist and Materialist Philosophies of History in Caryl Churchill’s Top Girls
Authors: Poole Sophie
Published: June 2022

The first act of Caryl Churchill’s Top Girls does away with temporal boundaries, inviting women across historical periods, artistic masterworks, and literary epics to a dinner party. During the evening, the women share their life stories, interrupt each other, and attempt to be heard over the roar of their fellow guests. In some ways, it resembles an indecipherable oral history. What is history if not indecipherable? It is the role of the historian to wade through primary and secondary sources, cultural memories and forgotten artifacts, in order to construct a written, visual, or auditory historical narrative. Thus, a history as we consume it, although based in fact, necessarily relies on narrative structure. Top Girls reminds us that history is like any other narrative: shaped by social, political, and economic forces; made unintelligible, fantastical, and surreal at times, by representative modes and their failings. By playing with the notion of history, notably combining fictional and historical figures in the first act, Top Girls emphasizes the claim that history is, among other things, reliant on both factual and fictional elements, like concrete dates and narrative structures. Top Girls narrows in on two models of historical narratives: the feminist history and materialist history. In this play, there are only women onstage. Women picture, or reference, the men in their past and present—an alcoholic father, a lousy ex-husband, an insecure coworker, Rocky Mountain Jim, and the Emperor of Japan—but a man never sets foot on stage. Only women enter and exit, only women go to and from work, only women tell their histories, signaling Churchill’s dual interest in a Marxist philosophy of history and the notion of a feminist history, which emerged in the feminist movement in the ‘70s and ‘80s. Through the dramatic form, which provides a fantastical element, Churchill animates and complicates history as a feminist and socialist practice.
Reinforcement of White Native-Speakerism: An Analysis of English Language Teacher Training Materials
Authors: Brittain Elise
Published: June 2022

This article draws awareness to Whiteness as a centered phenomenon in ELT which contributes to discriminatory practices through reliance on and privileging of White norms on a global scale. This study sought to address this issue through a critical discourse analysis of 14 English as a foreign language (EFL) open-source teacher training modules with the following guiding question: How are ideologies that reinforce White native-speakerism demonstrated in open-source English teaching methodology training materials designed for global ELT audiences? Critical Whiteness Studies (CWS; Nayak, 2007), the concept of native-speakerism (Holliday, 2006), and the ‘native speaker’ frame (Lowe, 2020) informed the theoretical assumptions of the study. Critical Discourse Studies (CDS; Wodak & Meyer, 2015) provided an analytical lens to examine discourses of power and framing of ideology in the texts. The main thread that emerged from the analysis was an avoidance of stance, demonstrated through contradictory, simultaneous representations of resistance to and reinforcement of ideologies of White native-speakerism. This avoidance of stance is exemplified through representation of language varieties, the emergence of a monolingual view of teaching, representations of culture, and the framing of authenticity.
Keywords: White native-speakerism, Whiteness, English teacher training, training materials, English as a foreign language (EFL), English language teaching (ELT), reinforcement, resistance
Rethinking Metaphors of Classroom Assessment
Authors: Odo Dennis
Published: June 2022

The lenses and metaphors we use to describe the world around us affect the way we view and interact with the world. bearing this truism in mind, this essay urges educators to revisit the popular assessment as puzzle metaphor. I contend that while this methphor has served scholars and practitioners well in the past our current understandings of the assessment process point to a need to upgrade this image. While the puzzle metaphor allowed an expanded conception of assessment it also obscured the static view of assessment that it promoted. The organism within an ecosystem metaphor proposed here may help policymakers understand that the larger purpose of assessment is not solely about collecting and evaluating artifacts but it is rather about making well informed decisions that support the learning needs of students. This perspective shift may help us better appreciate the complexity of effective assessment as well as the need for ongoing professional development that supports teachers’ assessment literacy growth.
Empowering ESOL Social Studies Students with Historical Based Children's Literature
Authors: Southall Aubrey Brammar
Published: June 2022

In this self-reflective essay, an experienced secondary social studies speaks for the use of historical based children’s literature in the high school ESOL social studies classroom. The teacher, who is certified to teach social studies and ESOL, explains the activities and books she uses with her Untied States history students to make her classroom more culturally and linguistically relevant to her students.
All the different voices:A teacher’s journey to shifting paradigms in language variation and diversity
Authors: Poindexter April Linnea
Published: June 2022

As a veteran educator, I prided myself on embracing a pedagogy that valued diversity in the classroom.  However, it wasn’t until I enrolled in a graduate course in language variation and diversity that I was challenged to deeply explore my evolving language paradigm.
Engaging Adult English Language Learners in Distance Education: An ESL Program’s Experience During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Baxter Mary
Published: June 2022

Traditionally, adult English as a Second Language (ESL) programs, also known as English as an Additional Language (EAL), deliver instruction through in-person classes rather than distance education, as was the case at Georgia Piedmont Technical College (GPTC). However, due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, distance education became a tool used at GPTC to engage students in learning while school campuses were closed. This paper gives details about how administrators, instructors, and staff at GPTC quickly built a distance education program for adult English language learners in response to the pandemic, including resulting challenges, insights, and successes. Research on the topic of distance education and its possible benefits for adult English language learners is explored in order to inform the efforts of building this type of program. The information provided can help guide other adult EAL programs seeking to incorporate distance education for adult English language learners.
Keywords: adult ESL/EAL programs, language program administration, English language learners, distance education
New stability indicating RP-UFLC method for the quantification of Efavirenz in pharmaceutical dosage forms
Authors: Aluri Sai Gnaneswari , Mathrusri Annapurna Mukthinuthalapati
Published: June 2022

Efavirenz is an active non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1. A simple and validated new stability indicating RP-UFLC method has been developed for the estimation of Efavirenz in pharmaceutical dosage forms i. e. tablets. Shimadzu UFLC system (PDA detector) with Zorbox C18 column was chosen for the chromatographic study with flow rate 1.2 mL/min (UV detection at 252 nm). Beer-Lambert’s law was obeyed over a concentration range 0.05-160 µg/mL. The linear regression equation was found to be y = 44317x + 8491.1 (R2 = 0.9993). The LOD and LOQ was found to be 0.0142 and 0.0429 µg/mL respectively. Stress degradation studies were performed and the method was validated as per ICH guidelines. The proposed method is simple, precise, accurate and robust and can be applied for the quantification of Efavirenz formulations.
Családi kapcsolatok és evési szokások, zavarok összefüggései
Authors: Péczka Anita , Tanyi Zsuzsanna , Kovács Dóra , Mészáros Veronika , Jakubovits Edit , Szili Ilona , Kövi Zsuzsanna
Published: June 2022

Kutatásunk célja a családi kapcsolatok és evési szokások összefüggéseinek vizsgálata. A táplálkozás tudatos kontrollálásának számos pozitív és negatív velejáróját vizsgálták már. Az intuitív evés, a korábbi kutatásokhoz képest, más szemszögből közelíti meg a táplálkozást. Ez a táplálkozás adaptív formája, mely során a fizikai éhségérzetünkre és testünk (akár tudattalan) jelzéseire támaszkodunk különféle korlátozások nélkül. Az evéssel kapcsolatos zavarok bio-pszicho-szociális megközelítése a környezet, s így a család szerepét is meghatározónak véli az evés szempontjából. Vizsgálatunkban 146 egyetemi hallgató (126 nő, 15 férfi) vett részt. A minta átlagéletkora 20,82, mely 18 és 38 év között oszlik meg (szórás 2,76). Vizsgálatunk során a családi kapcsolatok mérésére a Family Relationship Questionnaire-t, az intuitív evés vizsgálatára pedig az Intuitív Evés Skálát alkalmaztuk, melyek papír-ceruza teszt formájában kerültek kitöltésre és jelenleg adaptálás alatt állnak. A kutatás során a szülői támogatás, általános érzelmi kötődés, önállóságra nevelés, bántalmazás, illetve a tekintélyelvű nevelés és az intuitív evés összefüggéseit vizsgáltuk Pearson-féle korrelációs mátrix, illetve Spearman-féle rangkorrelációs mátrix segítségével. Az eredményeket tekintve szignifikáns, pozitív irányú kapcsolat található az önállóságra nevelés és az intuitív evés egyes skálái között, a szülői dominancia, tekintélyelvű nevelés esetén pedig negatív irányú összefüggés fedezhető fel. Érdemes lenne nagyobb, a nemek arányosabb eloszlását tartalmazó mintát alkalmazni és többféle korcsoportot bevonni az intuitív evés későbbi kutatásai során, mely a táplálkozás kutatásában újfajta megközelítést jelenthet.
Testkép és intuitív evés látássérülteknél
Authors: Nagy Gabriella , Kovács Dóra , Tanyi Zsuzsanna , Jakubovits Edit , Szili Ilona , Mészáros Veronika , Kövi Zsuzsanna
Published: June 2022

A kutatás célja, hogy feltárja, van-e jelentősége a látás képességének a testhez és evési szokásokhoz való viszonyulásban, illetve a kérdés elsőkénti vizsgálata magyar mintán. A kutatás 29 látó és 35 látássérült – vak, aliglátó és gyengénlátó – fő bevonásával folyt, a csoportok összehasonlító vizsgálatok mintáját képezték. A kitöltés online zajlott, a kutatási személyek kiválasztása hozzáférés alapon, főként közösségi oldalon és levelezőlistán való megosztással történt. A felvett kérdőívek Tylka és Kroon Van Diest (2013) intuitív evésre vonatkozó (IES-2), illetve Tylka és Wood-Barcalow testi elégedettségre vonatkozó (BAS-2) kérdőívei. A kapott eredmények szerint a látássérült személyek nagyobb elégedetlenséget mutatnak testükkel kapcsolatban a kontroll csoporthoz képest, azonban nincs különbség köztük intuitív evés tekintetében. A látásvesztés időpontja egyik változóra sincs hatással. A testtel való elégedettség és az intuitív evés között látó mintán közepesen erős, pozitív, látássérült mintán nem szignifikáns az együttjárás. Mindezek fényében megállapítható, hogy a látás hiánya, illetve korlátozottsága összességében alacsonyabb testi elégedettséggel jár, de nem okoz problémát a testi jelzésekre támaszkodó étkezési szokások kialakulásában.
Dr. Halil İbrahim Molla Hâtır el-Azzâmî, es-Sünnetü’n-Nebeviyyetü Vahyün
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Furkan
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmada Dr. Halil İbrahim Molla Hâtır'ın es-Sünnetü’n-Nebeviyyetü Vahyün adlı eserinin tanıtımı yapılmaktadır.
QUESTIONING OF PATIENTS AS A METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF MEDICAL CARE. LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Дарибаев Нурлан
Published: June 2022

Показатель удовлетворенности пациентов качеством медицинской помощи является индикатором реализации пациентоориентированного подхода при оказании медицинских услуг. Результаты, полученные в ходе исследования, должны использоваться в организации медицинской помощи как показатель успешности развития учреждения по актуальным для потребителей направлениям. История изучения социологических исследований началась в 70- х годах 20-го века, и сегодня существует огромное количество инструментов для их оценки, но среди них нет единого унифицированного и стандартизированного метода, который бы применялся на государственном уровне. В данной работе представлены разнообразные опросники для изучения уровня удовлетворенности медицинской помощью, проведено их сравнение между собой, а также проанализированы исследования по статистической оценке качества опросников. Кроме того, авторы определили критерии оценки уровня удовлетворенности, а также некоторые результаты его измерения в разных странах.

The indicator of patient satisfaction with the quality of medical care is an indicator of the implementation of a patient-centered approach in the provision of medical services. The results obtained during the research should be used in the organization of medical care as an indicator of the success of the development of the institution in the areas relevant to consumers. The history of the study of sociological research began in the 70s of the 20th century, and today there are a huge number of tools for assessing it, but there is no single unified and standardized method among them that would be applied at the state level. This paper shows a variety of questionnaires for studying the level of satisfaction with medical care, compares them with each other, and also analyzes studies on the statistical assessment of the quality of questionnaires. In addition, the authors identified criteria for assessing the level of satisfaction, as well as some results of its measurement in different countries.
«CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OF EUPHORBIA HUMIFUSA WILLD. AND THEIR SPECIFIC PHARMACEUTICAL PROPERTIES»
Authors: Гани Г.М. , Жакипбеков К.С. , Датхаев У.М. , Аширов М.З. , Жакып Н.А. , Кусаинов А.З.
Published: June 2022

В научной статье представлены результаты проведенных в научной литературе исследований химических соединений молочая приземистого (Euphorbia humifusa Willd), принадлежащего к семейству Euphorbiaceae, и их специальных фармацевтических свойств. Цель исследования: Обзор опубликованных в научной литературе данных о растении Euphorbia humifusa Willd. Методы исследования: при подготовке исследования использовались систематические, описательные и ретроспективные методы. Заключение. Результаты исследования показали, что экстракт растения содержит различные фитохимические добавки как углеводы, белки и аминокислоты, гликозиды, флавоноиды, сапонины. Эти вторичные метаболиты обладают многими биологическими и терапевтическими свойствами, поэтому ожидается, что этот вид растений будет широко использоваться в лечебных целях.

This scientific paper presents the results of research conducted in the scientific literature on chemical compounds of Euphorbia humifusa Willd belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae and their special pharmaceutical properties. Study objective: To review the data published in the scientific literature about the plant Euphorbia humifusa Willd. Research methods: Systematic, descriptive and retrospective methods were used in preparing the study. Conclusion. The results showed that the plant extract contains various phytochemicals like carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins. These secondary metabolites have many biological and therapeutic properties, so this plant species is expected to be widely used for medicinal purposes
STATE AND PROSPECTS OF PRODUCTION OF MEDICAL DEVICES IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: САРЫБАЕВ Б.А. , УСТЕНОВА Г.О. , АЛТЫНБЕКОВ К.Д.
Published: June 2022

В данной статье рассмотрена проблема состояния и перспективы развития производства отечественных медицинских изделий в Республики Казахстан. Представлены данные прогноза по развитию мирового рынка медицинских изделий до 2030 года. Показаны ведущие мировые страны с крупнейшими рынками медицинских изделий. Представлены объемы импорта и экспорта медицинских изделий Республики Казахстан по категориям стран. Разъяснены категории изделий, входящие в обобщающие понятие «Медицинское изделие» (МИ). Иллюстрированы количества и доли от всего зарегистрированных отечественных и зарубежных медицинских изделий в Республики Казахстан. Показана динамика и стремительная популярность сертификации среди ведущих государств согласно международному стандарту «Изделия медицинские» Системы менеджмента качества ГОСТ ISO 13485-2017. по дальнему и ближнему зарубежью, что указывает на большой потенциал и возможности данного направления

This article considers the problem of the state and prospects for the development of the production of domestic medical devices in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The data of the forecast for the development of the world market of medical devices until 2030 are presented. Shown are the world's leading countries with the largest markets for medical devices. The volumes of import and export of medical devices of the Republic of Kazakhstan by country categories are presented. The categories of products included in the generalizing concept of "Medical device" (MD) are explained. The numbers and shares of the total registered domestic and foreign medical devices in the Republic of Kazakhstan are illustrated. The dynamics and rapid popularity of certification among leading countries in accordance with the international standard "Medical Products" of the Quality Management System GOST ISO 13485-2017 is shown. in far and near abroad, which indicates the great potential and possibilities of this direction.
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF PHARMACOPOEIA REQUIREMENTS FOR THE QUALITY AND SAFETY OF MEDICINAL PLANT RAW MATERIALS OF BARBERRY
Authors: АБДЫКЕРИМОВА С.Б. , ИБРАГИМОВА Л.Н. , КОЖАНОВА К.К. , ТЕРНИНКО И.И. , САКИПОВА З.Б. , КЕЛЕКЕ А.С. , ЕРГАЛИ А.
Published: June 2022

Проведена сравнительная оценка фармакопейных требований к качеству и безопасности лекарственного растительного сырья различных видов барбариса. На основании результатов оценки установлен фармакопейный уровень требований к качеству и безопасности лекарственного растительного сырья барбариса илийского (Berberis iliensis M.Pop) и барбариса шароплодного (Berberis sphaerocarpa Kar. et. Kir.). Разработаны спецификация качества на лекарственное растительное сырье в соответствии с исследуемой частью растения и АНД.

A comparative assessment of pharmacopoeial requirements for the quality and safety of medicinal plant raw materials of various types of barberry has been carried out. Based on the evaluation results, the pharmacopoeia level of requirements for the quality and safety of medicinal plant raw materials of Berberis iliensis M.Pop and Berberis sphaerocarpa Kar. et. Kir. was established. The quality specification for medicinal plant raw materials has been developed in accordance with the studied part of the plant and the AND.
STUDY OF STABILITY AND ASCERTAINMENT OF SHELF LIFE OF MEDICINAL LOLLIPOPSWITH HERBAL SUBSTANCE "9 HERBS"
Authors: БЕКЕЖАНОВА Т.С. , САКИПОВ А.Е. , КОЖАНОВА К.К. , ИБРАГИМОВА Л.Н. , СЕРМУХАМЕДОВА О.В. , КЕЛЕКЕ А.С.
Published: June 2022

В статье представлены результаты изучения стабильности в режиме долгосрочных испытаний (long-term/real time testing) леденцов лекарственных с растительной субстанцией «9 трав». Путем оценки физических, химических, физико-химических, микробиологических свойств получены результаты исследования стабильности за период хранения 12 месяцев. Значимых изменений параметров спецификации стабильности не выявлено, результаты находятся в пределах регламентируемых норм. Исследования проводились в предполагаемой маркетинговой упаковке, результаты подтверждают, что материалы упаковки и сама упаковка обеспечивают стабильность леденцов за исследуемый период в условиях 25 ± 2°C и 75 ± 5% RH. На данном этапе долгосрочные испытания стабильности продолжаются.

The article presents the results of studying the stability in the mode of long-term testing (long-term / real time testing) of medicinal lozenges with the herbal substance «9 herbs». By evaluating the physical, chemical, physicochemical, microbiological properties, the results of a stability study over a storage period of 12 months were obtained. Significant changes in the stability specification parameters were not revealed, the results are within the regulated limits. The studies were carried out in the intended marketing packaging, the results confirm that the materials of the packaging and the packaging itself ensure the stability of the medicinal lozenges during the study period at 25 ± 2°C and 75 ± 5% RH. At this stage, long-term stability testing is ongoing
CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OF HOUTTUYNIA CORDATA THUNB AND THEIR SPECIFIC PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES
Authors: Курманбаева А.К. , Датхаев У.М. , Сатмбекова Д.К. , Кабылкак А.
Published: June 2022

На сегодняшний день исследование фитопрепаратов является одной из актуальных тем, потому как,, растительные препараты менее токсичны, лояльны по ценовой категории и временами эффективнее по сравнению с синтетическими лекарственными средствами. Эта статья посвящена литературному обзору по лекарственному растительному сырью Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Данное лекарственное растительное сырье применятся в народной медицине продолжительно время и научно доказаны его специфические фармакологические активности против инфекций и вирусов.

Today, research into herbal medicines is one of pressing issues, because herbal medicines are less toxic, more costly and even more effective than synthetic medicines. This review focuses on a literature review of medicinal plant material that bears the name Houttuynia cordata Thunb, which has scientifically proven pharmaceutical activity against infections and viruses.
La movilidad de las trabajadoras del servicio doméstico. Escenarios múltiples en Buenos Aires
Authors: Blanco Jorge , Bosoer Luciana
Published: June 2022

El presente trabajo aborda un conjunto de situaciones de movilidad cotidiana referido al colectivo social de las trabajadoras del servicio doméstico en la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. La propuesta pretende identificar –desde una mirada estructural– los rasgos generales de la movilidad de dichas trabajadoras y su relación con la diferenciación social como una característica propia de la ciudad metropolitana. Las trabajadoras del servicio doméstico constituyen un porcentaje elevado de las trabajadoras metropolitanas, es un colectivo con altas condiciones de vulnerabilidad social y precariedad laboral. Respecto a la movilidad, realizan los viajes más largos, con más transbordos y principalmente en transporte público. La espacialidad de sus desplazamientos pone de manifiesto la geografía social de las ciudades y su desigualdad residencial. Nos basamos en un análisis cuantitativo de las bases generadas por organismos públicos en clave de diferenciación socio territorial. Los resultados dan cuenta de la articulación metropolitana y la diferenciación de las localizaciones de residencias y trabajos, distinguiéndose tres subsistemas de movilidad: local, subregional y metropolitano. Este abordaje ayuda a comprender las dinámicas metropolitanas actuales como ciudades de escenarios de interacciones múltiples y temporalidades sociales diversas evidenciando procesos de segregación socio espacial en modelos de ciudad y movilidad que favorecen la desigualdad.
Las mujeres en la producción del espacio autoconstruido: contraconducta e interseccionalidad
Authors: López Rivera Luz Daniela , López Mares Lourdes Marcela , Molina Ayala María Elena , Ortiz Brizuela Miguel Adolfo
Published: June 2022

Las mujeres juegan un rol preponderante pero poco valorado en la producción de su hábitat, especialmente si este es autoconstruido; luchan por asegurar la tenencia de la tierra, atraer servicios y equipamientos y gestionar apoyos para consolidar sus viviendas. Sin embargo, la participación directa de las mujeres en la construcción de la vivienda es reducida por ser una tarea reservada a los hombres. Las colonias Los Limones y Luis Donaldo Colosio en San Luis Potosí, México, comparten una historia protagonizada por mujeres que se organizaron para construir sus viviendas y formalizar sus predios. A partir de estos casos, este estudio analiza cómo, desde las capas de desventaja que sufren las mujeres de entornos periféricos, surgen actos de contraconducta para la mejora del entorno habitable. Este trabajo cualitativo empleó entrevistas, instrumentos perceptuales y esquemas temporales para recabar las narrativas de las participantes. Los hallazgos más importantes indican que, mediante actos de resistencia, las mujeres de estas colonias se movieron entre lo político y lo ético para producir ciudad, conquistar la esfera parroquial y hacerse escuchar en la pública, construir asociacionismos con otras mujeres, negociar sus roles y cambiar su autoconcepto para proclamarse autoconstructoras.
Soñar con quedarse: experiencias de mujeres frente al desalojo en la Ciudad de México
Authors: Linz Jess , Soto Villagrán Paula
Published: June 2022

El artículo analiza los efectos diferenciales del género en los casos de desalojo forzado del hogar y de desplazamiento hacia la periferia experimentados por mujeres habitantes de la Ciudad de México. El desalojo es uno de los problemas menos abordados en los estudios urbanos, a pesar de tener una importancia fundamental para discutir las cuestiones de ciudad y vivienda desde una perspectiva feminista. Hipotetizamos que se trata de una expulsión que afecta no solo a las mujeres, sino que a las mujeres racializadas. Reuniendo los conceptos de desalojo, movilidad e inmovilidad, “racial banishment”, gentrificación, entre otros y, través de un método de investigación cualitativo que reconstruye los relatos de desalojo y desplazamiento recogidos mediante entrevistas con mujeres de la “Red de Desalojados de la Ciudad de México”, damos textura emocional y encarnada a estos procesos urbanos abstractos. En este contexto, los hallazgos muestran cómo las cuestiones étnico-raciales cruzan interseccionalmente y tienen efectos de género específicos. Asimismo, ubicamos cómo el desplazamiento forzado puede ser entendido desde una perspectiva de movilidad e inmovilidad, donde aspectos como la accesibilidad a la ciudad y la inseguridad son muy sensibles para las mujeres. Finalmente, abordamos cómo entender la experiencia del desalojo desde una perspectiva emocional.
“Compartir las satisfacciones del triunfo o las desventuras de la derrota”: Perú y Bolivia en los albores de la guerra del Pacífico (1847-1878)
Authors: Donoso Rojas Carlos
Published: June 2022

Nuestra investigación analiza las relaciones de Estado entre Perú y Bolivia en los años previos al inicio de la guerra contra Chile, en 1879. Argumenta que sus lazos bilaterales, presentados como próximos y ligados a un pasado común, se contraponen a evidencias que aluden a recurrentes tensiones armadas derivadas de las condiciones impuestas en los tratados comerciales firmados entre 1847 y 1878. Sometiendo a Bolivia a un férreo control de su comercio de importación y exportación, durante el período en estudio, el Perú intervino en asuntos políticos y financieros internos bolivianos, transformando al país en un aliado funcional para contener el avance chileno sobre el desierto de Atacama. La conversión de Chile en un enemigo común permitió al Perú extender el proceso interventor sobre la industria salitrera hacia reservas bolivianas y reivindicar, pocos meses antes de la guerra, la extensión de su límite meridional a partir de la revisión de los antecedentes jurídicos del uti possidetis colonial.
Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan Terhadap Kinerja Perangkat Desa Bunga Jadi Kecamatan Muara Kaman
Authors: Setyawan Muhson Danny , Sabtohadi Joko , Suhartono Hedi
Published: June 2022

Abstract:The purpose of this research is to know the device profile flower village So subdistrict of Muara Kaman Kutai Kartanegara Regency and to know the influence of educational level on performance of devices flower village So Sub Muara Kaman District Kukar.The value t calculate amounted to 5.51 while theoretical value t with the degrees of freedom (the degree of the freedom) to the respondents amounted to 46 with the calculation rules (n-2/46-2 = 44) at the 5% level (α = 0.05) is 1.680230 or 1.68 1.68 > 5.51 meaning. Thus the hypothesis put forward, namely: that the level of education affects the performance of the device so the flower village sub district of Kutai Kartanegara Regency Muara Kaman is acceptable because it has been proven to be true.Keywords: Level Of Education, The Performance Of The Device Of The Village
Towards formulating a methodology for the integrated management of vacant areas to enable the development of Egyptian cities
Authors: Al-Atta Tariq Abdel Latif Abu , Elgabar Mohamed Aly
Published: June 2022

Vacant areas are a vital resource for the provision of housing projects, services, and infrastructure in Egyptian cities, and can be used, according to their sizes, ownership, and shapes, to support sustainable development processes, and according to the databases of the cities under study from researchers, which represent 20 Egyptian cities, vacant areas represent a proportion ranging between 9-35% of the land use budget. In addition, during the period (2015-2020), the state allowed citizens to return the occupied lands, which contributed to the existence of large areas, but there are many challenges facing the vacant areas management system in terms of the lack of an integrated information system in terms of registration, updating maps, information available to investors and inventory of vacant areas in the state. Also, the institutional framework of vacant areas suffers from fragmentation and is a complex framework. The legislative framework also suffers from the conflict of legislation, so there is a need to review and evaluate the situation currently, and what are the successfully integrated management ideas in reforming the vacant areas system to maximize its role in sustainable development in Egyptian cities.
Children's nutrition and the risk of developing neoplasms in childhood and adolescence.
Authors: TETOROU ELENI MARIA , VOLIKAKI VASILIKI
Published: June 2022

Background: The effect of children's eating habits on the development of cancers in childhood and adolescence has been of great concern to researchers in recent years. This literature review aims to present the foods that may be related to the prevention or the incidence of cancer at the children between 0-18 years of age. Methods: A research on nutrition and the appearance of tumors in children and adolescents between the ages of 0-18 years old was done regardless of gender, educational level and nationality. A literature review was conducted using online databases and words, such as “Nutritional Habit”, “Nutritional Status”, “Diet’’, “Adolescence’’, “Childhood’’, “Pediatric Cancer’’, “Neoplasm’’, “Carcinoma’’, “Lymphoma’’ and “Leukemia’’. We collected and analyzed a total of 34 surveys, including three meta-analyses, ten case-control studies, one cross-sectional study and two research articles. Results: Worldwide the results showed a protective interrelation between breastfeeding, and the consumption of fruits, vegetables and dairy products in the development of childhood cancer. In contrast, the consumption of meat, cured meats, smoked fish, vegetable oils, soft drinks such as cola, junk food, but also the exposure to heavy metals, stand as the risk factors for childhood cancer cases. Conclusion: The Disease’s prevention is associated with intrauterine life and the mother's diet during pregnancy. The nutrition of the child is crucial in the first years of life and eating habits then affect food choices at an older age. A Balanced children’s nutrition is important and depends on the parents who should consult health care professionals. Finally, due to the constant appearance of new data, it is considered necessary to further study this field in Greece and cross-culturally.
Does ESG Rating Affect Corporate Innovation?
Authors: Chen Shiying , Shen Tingru
Published: June 2022

Promoting the development of innovation is the core requirement for achieving economic growth in the new era. The performance of Environmental, Social responsibility and Governance (ESG) is an important indicator to measure the sustainable development ability of enterprises. How the ESG rating affects the corporate innovation is still a hot issue that needs to be answered urgently. Based on the quasi-natural experiment of SynTao Green Finance's announcement of ESG rating in 2015, we use Chinese listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2011 to 2019 as samples to test the impact of ESG rating on corporate innovation and its transmission mechanism. The research results show that there is a significant positive relationship between ESG rating and corporate innovation, and ESG rating mainly promotes corporate innovation by reducing agency costs and easing financing constraints. This research helps to clarify the relationship between ESG rating and corporate innovation, and can provide an important reference for the Chinese government to formulate relevant policies to improve the ESG rating system, promote corporate innovation and sustainable economic development.
Working Fluid modeling Based on Air Turbine Rocket Engine and Propellant Comparative Analysis
Authors: Wang Shangchun , Liu Yang , Wu Yue , Ni Zheng
Published: June 2022

The propellant of the Air Turbo Rocket (ATR) engine is burned in the gas generator to produce primary gas. This paper uses the established ATR engine working fluid calculation model to calculate the physical parameters and components of the primary gas produced by the combustion of four propellants at a given pressure and temperature, and compares and analyzes them according to the propellant selection requirements, Choose the appropriate propellant for the ATR engine.
Acoustic Signal Imaging Method Based on Synthetic Aperture Focusing and Full Matrix Capture
Authors: Gao Tian , Jiang Liwei , Sun Wenjing , Zhu Tongwei , Zhang Jiarong , Qiu Liyuan
Published: June 2022

In order to observe and understand the effect of acoustic signal detection more intuitively, imaging analysis is needed to obtain clearer detection results, and the detection situation is analyzed manually. The commonly used imaging method is B-scan imaging, which is also widely used in medical imaging. In this paper, an acoustic signal imaging method based on synthetic aperture focusing and full matrix capture is proposed. The application of synthetic aperture focusing method in acoustic signal imaging was improved. Hilbert transformation was used to construct complex signal sequence, and the imaging processing process of full matrix method is proposed. From the aspects of data acquisition, analysis and processing, the echo signals are analyzed, and the differences between synthetic aperture focusing and full matrix method in acoustic signal imaging are compared.