bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studies on strongly swirling flows in the full space of a volute cyclone separator
Authors: Hu L. Y. , Zhou L. X. , Zhang J. , Shi M. X.
Published: February 2005

The three‐dimensional (3‐D) strongly swirling turbulent flows in the full space of a volute cyclone separator was measured using laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV), and was simulated using an improved Reynolds stress equation model by modifying the empirical constants in the isotropization of production and convection model (IPCM) + wall pressure–strain term of the Reynolds stress equation, incorporated into the platform of FLUENT 6.0. Predicted Reynolds stress model (RSM) velocities are more reasonable than those obtained previously. The specific features of turbulent flows in the separation space, dust hopper, annular space, and the outlet tube are different. The results show that the time‐averaged tangential velocity profiles in the separation space have a typical Rankine‐vortex structure. In some regions, such as the entrance, the vicinity of the top of the annular space, the inner vortex‐flow region, the vicinity of the discharge port, the vicinity of the wall, the intersection part between the upward and downward flows, the turbulent intensity is very large and changes sharply; the turbulence is anisotropic in most regions, but the magnitudes of three RSM velocity components are of the same order of magnitude. The distribution of time‐averaged tangential velocity is asymmetric in the annular space. The longitudinal secondary vortexes exist near the top of the dust hopper and the top of the cyclone. The distribution of time‐averaged axial velocity in the exit tube is entirely different from that in the separation space. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 51: 740–749, 2005
Turbulent mixing in a tubular reactor: Assessment of an FDF/LES approach
Authors: van Vliet E. , Derksen J. J. , van den Akker H. E. A.
Published: February 2005

The aim of the present research was to investigate the feasibility of a probability density function (PDF) methodology combined with a large eddy simulation (LES) for turbulent reactive mixing in industrial geometries. In order to incorporate the PDF transport equation into a LES context, a filtered version was employed, denoted as filtered density function (FDF) equation. Using FDF/LES, the yield of mixing‐sensitive, parallel competitive reactants was numerically studied in a tubular reactor with perpendicular inlet operated at Re = 4,000 for varying Damköhler numbers and feed‐stream concentrations. The “interaction by exchange with the mean” (IEM) model was used to close the filtered conditional scalar energy dissipation rate (SED) appearing in the FDF equation. The modeling assumptions were assessed by means of laser induced fluorescence (LIF) experimental data, providing the mean conserved concentration field in a horizontal and vertical center plane downstream the injector, and concentration PDF's at several downstream positions. In the vicinity of the injector, the FDF/LES model slightly overpredicts both the spreading of jet and the dissipation of small scale fluctuations, which was attributed to the overprediction of the turbulent diffusivity in the transition region of the laminar jet to the the turbulent wake of the injector. Further downstream, however, the global macro transport of the reactants was qualitatively well predicted, and the sensitivity of the yield to the Damköhler number and feedstream concentration showed consistent behavior. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 51: 725–739, 2005
Flow normal to a flat plate of a viscoplastic fluid with inertia effects
Authors: Savreux Frédéric , Jay Pascal , Magnin Albert
Published: February 2005

The two‐dimensional (2‐D) flow normal to a flat plate of a Bingham fluid is studied numerically. The effects of plasticity and inertia are investigated. The detailed structure of the flow is examined in relation to a large range of the Oldroyd number (0 ≤ Od ≤ 100) and of the Reynolds number (0 ≤ Re ≤ 10). The strong influence of these parameters, especially on the rigid zones and on the vortex zone, is shown. The drag coefficient is also calculated and some analytic relationships are proposed. The results are compared with the few other data available. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 51:750–758, 2005
Mo2P4O15 — The Most Complex Oxide Structure Solved by Single Crystal Methods?
Authors: Lister Sarah E. , Radosavljevic Evans Ivana , Howard Judith A. K. , Coelho Alan , Evans John S. O.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Phase Diagram Studies of the Ti—Bi—Sn System at 400 °C.
Authors: Vassilev Gueorgui Penev
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Sm—Ru—Ge System at 1070 K.
Authors: Morozkin A. V. , Seropegin Yu. D.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Polyazide Chemistry: Preparation and Characterization of As(N3)5, Sb(N3)5, and [P(C6H5)4][Sb(N3)6].
Authors: Haiges Ralf , Boatz Jerry A. , Vij Ashwani , Vij Vandana , Gerken Michael , Schneider Stefan , Schroer Thorsten , Yousufuddin Muhammed , Christe Karl O.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Unsaturated 1,2‐Amino Alcohols and Ethers from Aziridines and Organolithiums.
Authors: Hodgson David M. , Stefane Bogdan , Miles Timothy J. , Witherington Jason
Published: February 2005

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Oxidative Rearrangement of Cyclic Tertiary Allylic Alcohols with IBX in DMSO.
Authors: Shibuya Masatoshi , Ito Shinichiro , Takahashi Michiyasu , Iwabuchi Yoshiharu
Published: February 2005

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Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Alkyl Halides with Organozinc and Grignard Reagents with 1,3,8,10‐Tetraenes as Additives.
Authors: Terao Jun , Todo Hirohisa , Watanabe Hideyuki , Ikumi Aki , Kambe Nobuaki
Published: February 2005

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Rapidly Initiating Ruthenium Olefin‐Metathesis Catalysts.
Authors: Romero Patricio E. , Piers Warren E. , McDonald Robert
Published: February 2005

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Regeneration of Carbonyl Compounds by Oxidative Cleavage of Oximes with NBS in the Presence of β‐Cyclodextrin in Water.
Authors: Reddy M. Somi , Narender M. , Rao K. Rama
Published: February 2005

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Hexaphyrin(1.0.1.0.0.0). A New Colorimetric Actinoid Sensor.
Authors: Sessler Jonathan L. , Melfi Patricia J. , Seidel Daniel , Gorden Anne E. V. , Ford Doris K. , Palmer Philip D. , Tait C. Drew
Published: February 2005

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A Convenient Synthesis of Optically Active Unhindered Aliphatic Alcohols with High Optical Purity from Non‐racemic β‐Hydroxy Sulfides.
Authors: Cho Byung Tae , Kim Dong Jun
Published: February 2005

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Esters of ω‐Bromo Alcohols and Their Corresponding Quaternary Ammonium Salts.
Authors: Roeder Thorsten , Kramer Thomas
Published: February 2005

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Cu(I)‐Carbenoid‐ and Ag(I)‐Lewis Acid‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Intermolecular Insertion of α‐Diazo Compounds into N—H Bonds.
Authors: Bachmann Stephan , Fielenbach Doris , Joergensen Karl Anker
Published: February 2005

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Three‐Component, Stereoselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Functionalized Bicyclopentanoids.
Authors: Hulin Bernard , Newton Linda S. , Cabral Shawn , Walker Aaron J. , Bordner Jon
Published: February 2005

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Potassium Iodide Catalyzed Monoalkylation of Anilines under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Romera Juan L. , Cid Jose M. , Trabanco Andres A.
Published: February 2005

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A New Class of Metal‐Free Catalysts for Direct Diastereo‐ and Regioselective Mannich Reactions in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Wu Yin‐Su , Cai Jiwen , Hu Zhi‐Ya , Lin Guang‐Xin
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
2‐Alkyl‐1,2,3,4‐benzotetrazinium Tetrafluoroborates: Their Reaction with Nucleophiles.
Authors: Lipilin Dmitry L. , Smirnov Oleg Y. , Churakov Aleksandr M. , Strelenko Yuri A. , Tyurin Aleksei Y. , Ioffe Sema L. , Tartakovsky Vladimir A.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
MgI2‐Catalyzed Halo Aldol Reaction: A Practical Approach to (E)‐β‐Iodovinyl‐β′‐hydroxyketones.
Authors: Wei Han‐Xun , Timmons Cody , Farag Mohamed Ali , Pare Paul W. , Li Guigen
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Preparation of 2‐Benzoyl‐1‐bromo‐1‐nitroethene
Authors: Sadikov K. D. , Litovchenko K. M. , Makarenko S. V. , Berestovitskaya V. M.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Stereoselective [3,3]‐Sigmatropic Rearrangement Promoted by the Metal [1,3]‐Shift of Binuclear Fischer Carbene Complexes.
Authors: Kamikawa Ken , Tachibana Atsushi , Shimizu Yasunori , Uchida Kazuya , Furusho Masaru , Uemura Motokazu
Published: February 2005

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A Base‐Catalyzed Solution‐Phase Parallel Synthesis of Substituted Vinylic Benzamides from 3‐Amino‐2‐cyclohexanones.
Authors: Anderson Alan J. , Nicholson Jesse M. , Bakare Oladapo , Butcher Ray J. , Scott K. R.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Tantalum(V) Chloride Catalyzed Ring Opening of Aziridines with Aromatic Amines.
Authors: Chandrasekhar S. , Prakash S. Jaya , Shyamsunder T. , Ramachandar T.
Published: February 2005

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A General Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling of Aryl Bromides/Triflates and Thiols.
Authors: Itoh Takahiro , Mase Toshiaki
Published: February 2005

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Synthesis of Guanylhydrazones under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Martins Tales L. C. , Franca Tanos C. C. , Ramalho Teodorico C. , Figueroa‐Villar Jose D.
Published: February 2005

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Polymer—Supported Palladium N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Long Lived Recyclable Catalysts for Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Steel Patrick G. , Teasdale Christopher W. T.
Published: February 2005

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Reactions of Aroyl Chlorides with Samarium Metal in DMF—Controllable Syntheses of O‐Aroylbenzoins, 1,2‐Diarylethanones, and (Z)‐α,α′‐Stilbenediol Dibenzoates.
Authors: Liu Yongjun , Wang Xiaoxia , Zhang Yongmin
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 1‐Tetralone Derivatives Using a Stille Cross Coupling/Friedel Crafts Acylation Sequence.
Authors: Vercouillie Johnny , Abarbri Mohamed , Parrain Jean‐Luc , Duchene Alain , Thibonnet Jerome
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
[3 + 2] and [4 + 2] Cycloadditions of α‐Nitrostyrene with 2‐Hydroxymethyleneindanone and Derivatives
Authors: Hegazi Salaheddine , Titouani Soumia Lafquih , Soufiaoui Mohamed , Tahdi Abderrahim
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
First Stable 7,7,8,8‐Tetraaryl‐o‐quinodimethane: Isolation, X‐Ray Structure, Electrochromic Response of 9,10‐Bis(dianisylmethylene)‐9,10‐dihydrophenanthrene.
Authors: Iwashita Shinichi , Ohta Eisuke , Higuchi Hiroki , Kawai Hidetoshi , Fujiwara Kenshu , Ono Kazunori , Takenaka Masami , Suzuki Takanori
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Sulfonimidamides: Efficient Chiral Iminoiodane Precursors for Diastereoselective Copper‐Catalyzed Arziridination of Olefins.
Authors: Chenna Pablo H. Di , Robert‐Peillard Fabien , Dauban Philippe , Dodd Robert H.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reaction of C3 and C4 Ketoses with Alkenals and Alkenones in Water.
Authors: Saimoto Hiroyuki , Onitsuka Tomoyuki , Motobe Hironobu , Okabe Satoko , Takamori Yoshimori , Morimoto Minoru , Shigemasa Yoshihiro
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Use of Some Aryl and Heteroaryl Nitrilimines and Nitrones in the Synthesis of Spiroheterocycles.
Authors: Jedlovska Eva , Fisera Lubor
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Clean and Rapid Synthesis of 5‐Amino and 5‐Alkoxycarbonylpyrazoles Using Montmorillonite under Acid Free Conditions.
Authors: Reddy G. Jagath , Latha D. , Rao K. Srinivasa
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Routes to N‐Vinyl‐Nitroimidazoles and N‐Vinyl‐Deazapurines.
Authors: Clayton Russell , Ramsden Christopher A.
Published: February 2005

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Efficient Synthesis of Tris(4‐imidazolyl)methanol Derivatives.
Authors: Volkman Jerome , Nicholas Kenneth M.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Activity of 2‐ and 3‐(Aminomethyl)imidazo[1,2‐a]benzimidazoles.
Authors: Anisimova V. A. , Spasov A. A. , Kovalev Yu. G. , Kovalev S. G. , Dudchenko G. P.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Gold Catalysis: Mild Conditions for the Synthesis of Oxazoles from N‐Propargylcarboxamides and Mechanistic Aspects.
Authors: Hashmi A. Stephen K. , Weyrauch Jan P. , Frey Wolfgang , Bats Jan W.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Antifungal Activity Against Strains of Candida albicans of 6‐Fluoro‐4(5 or 7)‐chloro‐2‐(difluorobenzoyl)aminobenzothiazoles.
Authors: Armenise Domenico , De Laurentis Nicolino , Reho Antonia , Rosato Antonio , Morlacchi Flaviano
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Microwave‐Assisted Click Chemistry Synthesis of 1,4‐Disubstituted 1,2,3‐Triazoles via a Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Reaction.
Authors: Appukkuttan Prasad , Dehaen Wim , Fokin Valery V. , Van der Eycken Erik
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Highly Stereoselective Oxy‐Michael Additions to α,β‐Disubstituted Nitro Olefins: Asymmetric Synthesis of Pseudo‐Norephedrine Derivatives and THP* Protected α‐Hydroxy Ketones.
Authors: Buchanan David J. , Dixon Darren J. , Hernandez‐Juan Felix A.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Regioselectivity Control in a Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Diyne‐ols.
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Rudd Michael T. , Costa Moises Gulias , Lee Philip I. , Pomerantz Andrew E.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
ZrCl4‐Catalyzed Pechmann Reaction: Synthesis of Coumarins under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Smitha G. , Reddy Ch. Sanjeeva
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Solvent‐Free Synthesis of Coumarins Using a Wells—Dawson Heteropolyacid as Catalyst.
Authors: Romanelli G. P. , Bennardi D. , Ruiz D. M. , Baronetti G. , Thomas H. J. , Autino J. C.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Electrophilic Substitution in the Dihydroquercitin System. Aminomethylation.
Authors: Kukhareva T. S. , Krasnova V. A. , Koroteev M. P. , Kaziev G. Z. , Kuleshova L. N. , Korlyukov A. A. , Antipin M. Yu. , Nifant'ev E. E.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Site‐Selective Monotitanation of Dialkynylpyridines and Its Application for Preparation of Highly Fluorescent π‐Conjugated Oligomers.
Authors: Takayama Yuuki , Hanazawa Takeshi , Andou Tomohiro , Muraoka Kenji , Ohtani Hiroyuki , Takahashi Mizuki , Sato Fumie
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of 5‐Aminothiazolo[4,5‐b]pyridine‐2‐carboxamides.
Authors: Zavarzin I. V. , Smirnova N. G. , Yarovenko V. N. , Krayushkin M. M.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Condensation of 2‐Alkylcyclohexane‐1,3‐diones with Cyclic Azomethines.
Authors: Rubinov D. B. , Rubinova I. L.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Efficient N‐Arylation of Pyridazin‐3(2H)‐ones.
Authors: Kim Jeum‐Jong , Park Yong‐Dae , Cho Su‐Dong , Kim Ho‐Kyun , Chung Hyun A. , Lee Sang‐Gyeong , Falck J. R. , Yoon Yong‐Jin
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Dialkoxy Quinazolines.
Authors: Desroses Matthieu , Laconde Guillaume , Depreux Patrick , Henichart Jean‐Pierre
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Efficient Synthesis of Bis‐imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridinylmethanes.
Authors: Zhang Rui , Hu Yongzhou
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Influence of N(2)‐Substitution in the Alkylation of (4S)‐Alkyl‐2,4‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazino[2,1‐b]quinazoline‐3,6‐diones.
Authors: Hernandez Fernando , Morales Viviana , Buenadicha Felix L. , Soellhuber Monica , Avendano Carmen
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Novel 1,2‐Dihydro‐5‐methyl‐spiro[4H‐3,1‐benzoxazine‐2,3′ [3H]‐indol]‐4,2′‐diones.
Authors: Saxena Anjali , Goswami Rajeev , Khanna Pankaj , Bhagat Sunita , Jain Subhash C.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Novel Heterocyclic System — Dihydro‐2H‐1,5,2,4‐dioxadiazine. 2,4‐Dimethyldihydro‐2H‐1,5,2,4‐dioxadiazine Hydrochloride: Synthesis and NMR Study.
Authors: Anikin O. V. , Lipilin D. L. , Belyakov P. A. , Ryabtsev V. Yu. , Tartakovsky V. A.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Modular Ditopic Crown‐Shielded Phosphate Ion‐Pair Receptor.
Authors: Gunning Patrick , Benniston Andrew C. , Peacock Robert D.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Benzo‐Substituted Macrocyclic Diamides and Their Corresponding Macrocyclic Dithiodiamides.
Authors: Elwahy Ahmed H. M. , Masaret Ghada S.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Preparation of 5‐Hydroxy‐1‐alkenylboronates from 1‐Alkynylboronates, Cp2ZrCl2/2EtMgBr, and Aldehydes.
Authors: Quntar Abed Al Aziz , Srebnik Morris
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Nor‐ent‐kaurane Diterpenes and Hydroxylactones from Antennaria geyeri and Anaphalis margaritacea.
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed A. , Hussein Taha A. , Mahmoud Ahmed A. , Farag Mohamed A. , Pare Paul W. , Wojcinska Malgorzata , Karchesy Joe , Mabry Tom J.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Two Lanostane Triterpenoids from Abies koreana.
Authors: Kim Hyun Jung , Choi Eun Hwa , Lee Ik‐Soo
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Phenylpropanosids, Lignans and Other Constituents from Cremanthodium ellisii.
Authors: Wang Ai‐Xia , Zhang Qi , Jia Zhong‐Jian
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Environmentally Benign and Practical Synthesis of Sugar Orthoesters Promoted by Potassium Fluoride.
Authors: Shoda Shin‐ichiro , Moteki Masashi , Izumi Ryuko , Noguchi Masato
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Two New C19‐Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Aconitum nagarum Var. lasiandrum.
Authors: Ji Hong , Chen Dong‐Lin , Wang Feng‐Peng
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Bromotyrosine Alkaloids from the Marine Sponge Psammaplysilla purpurea
Authors: Tilvi Supriya , Rodrigues Celina , Naik C. G. , Parameswaran P. S. , Wahidhulla Solimabi
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Evaluation of ADA Gene Expression and Transduction Efficiency in ADA/SCID Patients Undergoing Gene Therapy
Authors: Carlucci F. , Tabucchi A. , Aiuti A. , Rosi F. , Floccari F. , Pagani R. , Marinello E.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Urinary Methylxanthine and Autistic Disorder: Absence of Previously Reported Correlation
Authors: Salerno C. , Crifo C.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Genetic Basis of the Interaction Between Pyrimidine 5′ Nucleotidase I Deficiency and Hemoglobin E
Authors: Escuredo E. , Marinaki A. M. , Duley J. A. , Thein S. L. , Rees D. C.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Elevated Erythrocyte CDP‐Choline Levels Associated with β‐Thalassaemia in Patients with Transfusion Independent Anaemia
Authors: Laurence A. D. , Layton M. , Duley J. A. , Simmonds H. A.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Mitochondrial Function Dependent Proliferation Assay for the Diagnosis of Mitochondrial Disorders in Human Fibroblasts
Authors: Hodges Stephen D. , Snyder Floyd F.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase mRNA and Protein Expression Analysis in Normal and Drug‐Resistant Cells
Authors: Loeffler M. , Klein A. , Hayek‐Ouassini M. , Knecht W. , Konrad L.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Liver Transplant: Adenosine Metabolism and Apoptosis
Authors: Carlucci F. , Marinello E. , Gerunda G. , Neri D. , Rosi F. , Floccari F. , Tabucchi A.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Immucillins as Antibiotics for T‐Cell Proliferation and Malaria
Authors: Schramm Vern L.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New (1‐Deaza)Purine Derivatives via Efficient C‐2 Nitration of the (1‐Deaza)Purine Ring
Authors: Wanner M. J. , Rodenko B. , Koch M. , Koomen G. J.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Antiproliferative Activity and Mechanism of Action of Fatty Acid Derivatives of Gemcitabine in Leukemia and Solid Tumor Cell Lines and in Human Xenografts
Authors: Bergman A. M. , et al. et al.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Flavonoids and Andrographolides from Andrographis paniculata.
Authors: Rao Y. Koteswara , Vimalamma G. , Rao C. Venkata , Tzeng Yew‐Min
Published: February 2005

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Xanthones from a Microfungus of the Genus Xylaria.
Authors: Healy Peter C. , Hocking Ailsa , Tran‐Dinh Nai , Pitt John I. , Shivas Roger G. , Mitchell Jennifer K. , Kotiw Mike , Davis Rohan A.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Antioxidant Lignans from Larrea tridentata
Authors: Abou‐Gazar Hassan , Bedir Erdal , Takamatsu Satoshi , Ferreira Daneel , Khan Ikhlas A.
Published: February 2005

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A Novel Series of p38 MAP Kinase Inhibitors for the Potential Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Authors: Brown Dearg S. , Belfield Andrew J. , Brown George R. , Campbell Douglas , Foubister Alan , Masters David J. , Pike Kurt G. , Snelson Wendy L. , Wells Stuart L.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New N‐Pyridinyl(methyl)‐indolalkanamides Acting as Topical Inflammation Inhibitors.
Authors: Dassonville Alexandra , Breteche Anne , Evano Johan , Duflos Muriel , le Baut Guillaume , Grimaud Nicole , Petit Jean‐Yves
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Activity of 1‐Aryl‐1′‐imidazolyl Methyl Ethers as Non‐Thiol Farnesyltransferase Inhibitors.
Authors: Li Qun , et al. et al.
Published: February 2005

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Novel, Potent and Selective Anilinoquinazoline and Anilinopyrimidine Inhibitors of p38 MAP Kinase.
Authors: Cumming John G. , McKenzie Caroline L. , Bowden Stuart G. , Campbell Douglas , Masters David J. , Breed Jason , Jewsbury Philip J.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Advances in Selective Ethylene Trimerization — A Critical Overview
Authors: Dixon John T. , Green Mike J. , Hess Fiona M. , Morgan David H.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Inhibition of Biosynthesis and Biochemical Modulation of N‐Acylneuraminic Acid (Biochemical Engineering of Sialoconjugates)
Authors: Reutter Werner , Horstkorte Ruediger
Published: February 2005

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Applications of Nonstabilized Enolates as Nucleophiles in Palladium‐Catalyzed Allylic Alkylations
Authors: Kazmaier U.
Published: February 2005

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Oxygenated Germacranolides from Compositae and Their Taxonomic Significance
Authors: Krishna Vivek , Natani Kavita , Singh Pahup
Published: February 2005

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Aminomethylation Reactions of Nitrogen and Sulfur Five‐Membered Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Varma R. S.
Published: February 2005

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Linear Tetrapyrroles as Functional Pigments in Chemistry and Biology
Authors: Mizutani Tadashi , Yagi Shigeyuki
Published: February 2005

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Host—Guest Interactions of Cyclodextrins and Metalloporphyrins: Supramolecular Building Blocks Toward Artificial Heme Proteins
Authors: Zhou Huchen , Groves John T.
Published: February 2005

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Transition Metal Promoted Syntheses of Vinylphosphonates
Authors: Maffei Michel
Published: February 2005

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Palladium Chemistry in Recent Porphyrin Research
Authors: Setsune Jun‐ichiro
Published: February 2005

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Developing Green Chemistry
Authors: Chan Tak Hang
Published: February 2005

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Pyridazino[1,2‐α]pyridazines
Authors: Haider N. , Holzer W.
Published: February 2005

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1,4‐Dioxins and Benzo‐ and Dibenzo‐fused Derivatives
Authors: Matsumoto M.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Tetrazoles
Authors: Brigas A. F.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
1,2,3‐Thiadiazoles
Authors: Wilkins D. J. , Bradley P. A.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Ramberg—Backlund Reaction
Authors: Taylor Richard J. K. , Casy Guy
Published: February 2005

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Solvent‐Free Microwave Organic Synthesis as an Efficient Procedure for Green Chemistry
Authors: Loupy Andre
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Regularities of the Spin Exchange Coupling Through a Bridge in Nitroxide Biradicals
Authors: Kokorin A. I.
Published: February 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Functional food design based on a virtual food component: wheat bran equivalents for faecal bulk
Authors: Monro John A , Martinet Eve
Published: February 2005

This paper reports the first use of a virtual food component (VFC), which is a value that represents the functional efficacy of a food in the format of a food component, to accurately formulate a functional food and evaluate its efficacy. The effect measured was faecal bulking and the functional food was a cereal bar. The faecal bulking efficacy of ingredients was determined as their content of the VFC, wheat bran equivalents for faecal bulk (WBEfb), which represents faecal bulking efficacy expressed in terms of the amount of wheat bran that would produce an equivalent effect. Using a validated animal model, we measured the faecal bulking efficacy of cereal bar ingredients individually and after combining them in a cereal bar recipe, before and after the combined ingredients had been baked. The sum of the WBEfb contents of the ingredients was 29.7 WBEfb per bar (SEM 2.4). The WBEfb of the recipe mixture before baking was 33.2 WBEfb per bar (SEM 2.4) and after baking was 28.5 WBEfb per bar (SEM 2.9). Faecal bulking efficacy was not related to dietary fibre content. We conclude that the WBEfb content of ingredients can be used to design cereal bars of specified faecal bulking efficacy and that the functionality is resistant to baking. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Potential protein degradation balance and total metabolizable protein supply to dairy cows from heat‐treated faba beans
Authors: Yu P
Published: February 2005

The effects of pressure toasting (100, 118 and 136 °C for 3, 7, 15 and 30 min) on potential protein nutritional value of faba beans were evaluated with the NRC 2001 dairy model, by determining undegraded (RUP) and degraded rumen protein (RDP), undegraded (RUST) and degraded rumen starch (RDST), truly absorbed undegraded protein (ARUP), microbial protein (MCPRDP) synthesized in the rumen from rumen‐available protein, truly absorbed rumen synthesized microbial protein (AMCP), truly absorbed rumen endogenous protein (AECP), total metabolizable protein (MP) in the small intestine, and the protein degradation balance (PDB). The treatments increased RUP, RUST, ARUP and MP (p < 0.001), and decreased RDP, RDST, MCPRDP and PDB (p < 0.001), the effects increasing with increasing temperature and time. The treatments increased (p < 0.001) ARUP without affecting AECP and AMCP, so that the net absorbable total MP in the small intestine was increased. The PDB was reduced (p < 0.001) but never became negative. These results indicated that potential microbial protein synthesis would not be impaired due to sufficient nitrogen in the rumen, but the high positive PDB values with most treatments, except 136 °C for 15 min (PDB 2.0 g kg−1 DM) indicated that there were large potential losses of nitrogen in the rumen, particularly for the control with a value of 88.9 g kg−1 dry matter. It is concluded that predicted potential protein degradation balance and total metabolizable protein supply from faba beans were improved by the treatments. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Microstructural, cooking and textural characteristics of potato (Solanum tuberosum L) tubers in relation to physicochemical and functional properties of their flours
Authors: Singh Narpinder , Kaur Lovedeep , Ezekiel Rajaranganathan , Singh Guraya Harmeet
Published: February 2005

Potato tubers from six different cultivars were freeze‐dried, ground into flour and analyzed for thermal, pasting and textural characteristics (using differential scanning calorimetry, Rapid Visco analyzer and Instron universal testing machine, respectively) to study the relationship between flour characteristics and cooked potato mealiness. The potatoes with higher sensory mealiness scores resulted in flours having lower transition and pasting temperatures, higher amylose content, setback, peak and final viscosity. The flour gels from the mealier potatoes also exhibited higher values of textural parameters such as hardness, cohesiveness, chewiness and springiness. The microstructure of the tuber parenchyma (studied using scanning electron microscopy), cooking and sensory characteristics of potatoes were found to be related to the pasting and textural characteristics of their flours. Potato cultivars with lower mealiness scores, loosely packed cell arrangement, with comparatively large‐size cells and thinner cell walls showed lower values of textural parameters for both raw and cooked potatoes. This information may prove useful for the selection of potato cultivars with desirable textural and flour‐making properties for specific end‐uses. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
In vivo determination of fat content in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) with a mobile NMR spectrometer
Authors: Veliyulin Emil , van der Zwaag Claas , Burk Wolfgang , Erikson Ulf
Published: February 2005

A new method for the rapid measurement of the fat content in live (or slaughtered) Atlantic salmon, based on a mobile low‐field NMR analyser, has been developed and tested. The instrument, calibrated against a set of reference samples (fish oil in agarose), was used for non‐destructive fat determination of the Norwegian quality cut (NQC) of anaesthetized fish. The total analysis time per fish was about 20 s. The fat content (range 90–182 g kg−1) showed significant correlation (r = 0.92) with chemical extraction data obtained after slaughtering the same fish. The spatial distribution of fat in the NQC was obtained and visualized as a ‘fat image’ using novel software. It was concluded that the mobile NMR spectrometer has potential for implementation in connection with on‐line quality control. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Long‐chain fatty acid supplemented infant formula does not influence calcium and magnesium bioavailability in weanling rats
Authors: Vaquero M Pilar , Sarriá Beatriz
Published: February 2005

The influence of infant formula supplementation with long‐chain‐polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) on calcium and magnesium bioavailability was assessed in rats. Two test diets containing a plain, unsupplemented (PF) or supplemented (SF) infant formula as the fat source and a control diet (C) were administered to weaning rats and food intake and body weight gain were monitored for 28 days. In order to assess calcium and magnesium bioavailability, during the last week faeces and urine were collected and apparent absorption and retention were calculated. Food intake and body weight showed no significant differences between PF and SF but were lower in both groups compared with C. Calcium and magnesium intake did not differ between PF and SF, although both parameters were lower compared with C. Calcium absorption efficiency in PF and SF was significantly higher than in C. However, both groups showed higher urinary calcium excretion and thus no differences were observed in calcium retention. Magnesium absorption efficiency was also significantly higher in PF and SF compared with C, but magnesium absorption was significantly lower in SF compared with PF and C. Nevertheless, urinary magnesium excretion and magnesium retention were similar in the three groups. The consumption of a diet containing an infant formula supplemented with LCPUFA compared with the plain formula does not affect calcium and magnesium bioavailability in rats. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Cathlink® 20: A subcutaneous implanted central venous access device used in children with sickle cell disease on long‐term erythrocytapheresis—a report of low complication rates
Authors: Raj Ashok , Bertolone Salvatore , Bond Sheldon , Burnett Diane , Denker Audria
Published: February 2005

Background

Experience with the use of central venous access device (CVAD) in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) on hypertransfusion is limited and published studies report wide variability in the rates of CVAD‐associated complications.

Procedure

In this study, a total of 18 Cathlink® 20 ports (Bard Access systems, Salt Lake City, UT) were implanted in 15 patients aged 7–20 years with SCD for 19, 230 catheter patient days.

Results

No peri‐operative complications were observed. Three episodes of catheter occlusion requiring replacement occurred in two patients for an observed rate of 0.16 per 1,000 catheter patient days for thrombotic occlusion. One patient required port replacement and another patient required replacement twice. In 13 out of 15 patients, the median duration of port use was 45 months. No episode of catheter‐associated bacteremia or catheter tunnel infections was observed.

Conclusions

Comparing our results with other reported studies of CVAD‐associated complications in patients with SCD, we observed a lower rate of complications with the use of Cathlink 20 ports. These findings may be partly related to the design of the port and partly to a dedicated group of nurses accessing the ports in a controlled environment in an apheresis unit. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2005;44:669–672. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Allogeneic versus autologous versus peripheral stem cell transplantation in CR1 pediatric AML patients: A single center experience
Authors: Anak Sema , Saribeyoglu Ebru Tugrul , Bilgen Hülya , Unuvar Aysegul , Karakas Zeynep , Devecioglu Omer , Agaoglu Leyla , Gedikoglu Gunduz
Published: February 2005

Background

Treatment of childhood acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) in first remission, is still evolving. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in patients with a donor has been well established, but the role of autologous transplantation remains of interest, particularly in the light of some encouraging results in adults.

Procedure

Out of 81 pediatric patients with AML in first CR, 67 were biologically randomized for allogeneic (n = 31), autologous (n = 20), or peripheral stem cell transplant (n = 16) after completing consolidation treatment, with the remaining (n = 11) dropping out or receiving chemotherapy. Disease free survival (DFS) of these different groups were analyzed.

Results

Allogeneic transplantation is not superior to autologous and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) (DFS in 5 years is 61%, 50%, and 75%). The 5 years DFS in the autologous PBSCT group is significantly better than in the autologous BMT group (75% vs. 50%, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

In pediatric AML patients without a donor, autologous BMT or autologous PBSCT appears to be an effective treatment option with low transplant related mortality especially in less privileged countries where the chemotherapy only results are still low. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2005;44:654–659. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transient hyperglycemia in Hispanic children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Baillargeon Jacques , Langevin Anne‐Marie , Mullins Judith , Ferry Robert J. , DeAngulo Guillermo , Thomas Paul J. , Estrada Jaime , Pitney Aaron , Pollock Brad H.
Published: February 2005

Background

Transient hyperglycemia occurs commonly during the treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence of and risk factors for transient hyperglycemia during induction chemotherapy in Hispanic pediatric patients diagnosed with B‐Precursor ALL.

Procedure

The study cohort consisted of 155 Hispanic pediatric patients diagnosed with ALL and treated at one of two South Texas pediatric oncology centers between 1993 and 2002. Hyperglycemia was defined as ≥2 glucose determinations of ≥200 mg/dl during the first 28 days of induction chemotherapy.

Results

Overall, 11.0% of the study cohort developed transient hyperglycemia during induction chemotherapy. Age and body mass index (BMI) were both positively associated with the risk of hyperglycemia. Females exhibited a substantially higher risk of hyperglycemia than males, but this association did not reach statistical significance after adjusting for other covariates. Among patients who developed hyperglycemia, 100% of those who required insulin were in the 13–18‐year age group and reported a family history of diabetes. Hyperglycemic patients classified as obese (BMI ≥95 centile) were more than twice as likely to have required insulin therapy compared to overweight patients (BMI 85–<95 centile) and three times as likely to have required insulin compared to normal weight (BMI <85 centile) patients.

Conclusions

The incidence of chemotherapy‐induced transient hyperglycemia in the present study cohort is comparable to that reported in previous pediatric ALL patients. This finding is interesting in view of the elevated prevalence of obesity and the underlying dietary behaviors in this Hispanic study cohort. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immune thrombocytopenia following successful treatment of cancer in children
Authors: Price Victoria , Barnes Chris , Canning Patricia , Blanchette Victor , Greenberg Mark
Published: February 2005

A predisposition to developing immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) has not been reported in survivors of childhood cancer. We report a case series of childhood cancer survivors who developed an isolated thrombocytopenia in the presence of a normocellular bone marrow. Five children, two with endodermal sinus tumors and three with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, developed ITP at a median of 4 years (range: 0.2–8 years) after completion of therapy. We suggest the association of ITP in survivors of childhood malignancy may not be co‐incidental as chemotherapy may cause persistent immune dysfunction. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regulation of body mass and management of childhood overweight
Authors: Daniels Stephen R.
Published: February 2005

Obesity has become an increasingly important public health problem. Recent evidence suggests that obesity has become a close second to tobacco use as a preventable cause of death in the United States. During the past decade an increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adolescents has been observed. The association of type 2 diabetes and obesity is well established and most adolescents with type 2 diabetes have body mass index (BMI) in a range that would already be considered obese in an adult. Childhood overweight is also associated with the atherosclerotic process. In the Bogalusa autopsy study, Berenson et al. found that the extent of fatty streaks and fibrous plaques in the aorta and coronary arteries was associated with BMI. There are three modalities currently available for the treatment of overweight in children and adolescents, including behavioral approaches, pharmacologic approaches, and surgical approaches. Surgical intervention may be considered if the BMI ≥40 kg/m2 and a severe medical comorbidity including type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea or pseudotumor cerebri, or if the BMI is ≥50 kg/m2 and comorbid conditions such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, or the metabolic syndrome are present. Behavioral intervention is usually made by a psychologist, behavioral therapist, dietician, or exercise physiologist. There is evidence that the effect of behavioral therapy for weight loss in childhood will be longer lasting than that seen in adults. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2005;44:589–594. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute lymphocytic leukemia in adolescence with multiple osteolytic lesions and hypercalcemia mediated by lymphoblast‐producing parathyroid hormone‐related peptide: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Shimonodan Hidemi , Nagayama Jun , Nagatoshi Yoshihisa , Hatanaka Michiki , Takada Akiko , Iguchi Haruo , Oda Yoshinao , Okamura Jun
Published: February 2005

Background

Osteopathy is one of the common initial symptoms of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in children and adolescents, but multiple osteolysis accompanied by hypercalcemia is rarely observed.

Procedure

We treated a 14‐year‐old female who had multiple osteolytic lesions and hypercalcemia at initial onset of ALL. In this case we examined some humoral factors, which are known to associate with hypercalcemia in malignancies.

Results

Parathyroid hormone‐related peptide (PTHrP) was elevated in serum, and reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry revealed that the lymphoblasts produced PTHrP directly. Other humoral factors related to hypercalcemia were not detected. ALL relapsed in the bone marrow 3 months after achieving complete remission, and hypercalcemia and elevation of serum PTHrP were also observed. A second remission could not be achieved and hypercalcemia continued. The patient received allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. The serum calcium level became normal after the conditioning therapy. Before engraftment, however, the patient died of infection.

Conclusions

The present case suggests that blast‐producing PTHrP might be associated with multiple osteolytic lesions and hypercalcemia. PTHrP expressed in the lymphoblasts may, in itself, confer a survival advantage to lymphoblasts and contribute to the refractory nature of the disease. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dexrazoxane for the prevention of cardiomyopathy in anthracycline treated pediatric cancer patients
Authors: Anderson Barry
Published: February 2005

Anthracyclines play a major role in chemotherapeutic regimens for a variety of childhood cancers, but produce dose‐related cardiotoxicity. Dexrazoxane, a chelating agent that binds iron intracellularly, has been cautiously included in anthracycline‐based regimens. Our understanding of anthracycline and dexrazoxane pharmacokinetics in children is very limited. In addition, the administration schedule used for adults (bolus dexrazoxane prior to bolus anthracycline) may not be the best to attain both short‐ and long‐term cardioprotection. Dexrazoxane could diminish the anti‐tumor activity of and/or increase toxicities from anthracyclines. Pediatric oncologists must be assured this intervention does not diminish the success in curing children with cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2005;44:584–588. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and characteristics of a novel aliphatic polycarbonate, poly[(propylene oxide)‐co‐(carbon dioxide)‐co‐(γ‐butyrolactone)]
Authors: Lu Lingbin , Huang Kelong
Published: February 2005

A novel aliphatic polycarbonate, poly[(propylene oxide)‐co‐(carbon dioxide)‐co‐(γ‐butyrolactone)] [P(POCO2GBL)], was synthesized by the copolymerization of carbon dioxide, propylene oxide (PO) and γ‐butyrolactone (GBL). The resulting copolymers were determined by FTIR and NMR spectral analysis with viscosity‐average molecular weights (Mv) from 50 000 to 120 000 g mol−1. According to elemental analysis, the calculated data of elemental contents in P(POCO2GBL)44 were close to the found data. The result showed that GBL was inserted into the backbone of poly[(propylene oxide)‐co‐(carbon dioxide)] successfully. GBL offered an ester structural unit that gave the copolymer better degradability. The correlations between reaction conditions and properties were studied. When GBL content increased, the Mv and the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the copolymers improved relative to an identical copolymer without GBL. Prolonging the reaction time of the copolymerization resulted in increases in Mv and Tg. P(POCO2GBL) exhibited a high Tg above 40 °C. The rate of backbone degradation increased with increasing GBL content. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
Physics of thick polymers
Authors: Marenduzzo Davide , Flammini Alessandro , Trovato Antonio , Banavar Jayanth R. , Maritan Amos
Published: February 2005

We present the results of analytical calculations and numerical simulations of the behavior of a new class of chain molecules that we call thick polymers. The concept of the thickness of such a polymer, viewed as a tube, is encapsulated by a special three‐body interaction and impacts on the behavior both locally and nonlocally. When thick polymers undergo compaction because of an attractive self‐interaction, we find a new type of phase transition between a compact phase and a swollen phase at zero temperature with increasing thickness. In the vicinity of this transition, short tubes form space‐filling helices and sheets as observed in protein native‐state structures. With increasing chain length, or with an increasing number of chains, we numerically find a crossover from secondary‐structure motifs to a quite distinct class of structures akin to the semicrystalline phases of polymers or amyloid fibers in polypeptides. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 650–679, 2005