bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and structural determination of some 1,5-disubstituted-4-ethoxycarbonyl-3-hydroxy-3-pyrroline-2-one derivatives containing nitro group
Authors: Nguyen Nguyen Tran , Dai Vo Viet
Published: April 2024

2-Pyrrolidinone is a γ-lactam heterocycle consisting of four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom. In the family of 2-pyrrolidinone heterocycles, 3-pyrroline-2-ones, also named as 1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones are important substructures of various natural products with promising biological activities. In addition, this γ-lactam heterocyclic ring also exists in synthetic medicinal compounds. In this manuscript, multi-component reactions (MCRs) were applied to synthesize three 1,5-disubstituted-4-ethoxycarbonyl-3-hydroxy-3-pyrroline-2-ones containing nitro group from aromatic aldehydes, 4-nitroaniline and sodium diethyl oxalacetate in absolute ethanol. Furthermore, the molecular structure of products has been proven via modern spectroscopic methods: nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR, 13C NMR) and electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry (ESI – HRMS).
Endoscopic decompression of the spinal canal in symptomatic thoracic disc disease. A case report
Authors:   Department of Adult Spine Surgery, Wiktor Dega Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Clinical Hospital, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland, Kubaszewski Łukasz , Kubaszewska Zofia ,   Student at Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy, Huber Juliusz ,   Department of Pathophysiology of Locomotor Organs, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Published: April 2024

The risk of disc herniation in the thoracic spine is much less common than in cervical and lumbar segments. It occurs in about 0.25 to 0.75% of reported cases [1]. Osteoarthritis of the intervertebral disc is most common between 30 and 50 years of age. Unlike in the case of disc herniation of the cervical spine, classic anterior access to the spinal canal is not possible due to the vascular structures of the thorax. A modified posterior approach similar to procedures applied in the area of the lumbar spine, is used to decompress discopathy i.e., a hernia located laterally. An important problem, however, is hernias that compress the spinal cord anteriorly. We present a case report of endoscopic decompression of the thoracic spine in the course of central disc herniation from the posterior approach using the unilateral bi-portal technique (UBE).
Post-traumatic isolated atrophy of the long head of triceps brachii. A case report
Authors:   St. Vincent de Paul Municipal Hospital in Gdynia, Poland, Dembski Marcin , Tarnawski Jakub ,   University Clinical Centre, Gdańsk, Poland, Dąbrowski Filip ,   Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Copernicus Hospital, Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland, Rachwał Izabela ,   Department of Radiology, Copernicus Hospital, Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland, Aschenbrenner Piotr ,   School of Physical Education of Gdansk, Poland
Published: April 2024

Vascular injuries of the upper extremity are usually associated with nerve damage. Neuropraxis or neurotmesis can cause atrophy of an entire group of muscles. We describe a unique case of a 24-yearold male with an isolated atrophy of the long head of triceps, resulting from a piercing arm injury in his childhood. Early post-operative examination showed acute radial palsy (due to a hematoma), which resolved over time with what seemed a full return to normal function. The patient engaged in bodybuilding 14 years post-trauma. Only after the patient had gained significant muscle mass did the difference in size between triceps brachii muscles become visible. We performed a series of imaging examinations to diagnose and determine the extent of the atrophy. USG and MRI have shown an atrophic long head of triceps brachii, of atypical presentation, intact muscular insertions and an unaffected main course of the radial nerve. Subsequently, the patient underwent a strength test to determine the level of strength deficit. We posit that the most likely aetiology for the atrophy is neurological, with the damage to the radial nerves branch to the long head of the triceps brachii resulting from either direct cutting or pressure exerted by the hematoma.
Institutions of socionormative culture of the Balkars in the activities of judicial institutions of the Nalchik district in the last third of the XIX century: problems of regulation of property relations
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Azinat Zh. Baichekueva
Published: April 2024

The article considers some problems of regulation of property relations of institutions of soci-onormative culture of Balkars in the activities of judicial institutions of the Nalchik district in the last third of the XIX century. These issues are considered on the example of disputes in the Nal-chik Mountain verbal and mediation (mediation) courts over ownership of things and real estate, ownership of land plots, loss of crops, claims for missing cattle and disputes related to inheritance and payment of kalym. Attention is drawn to the peculiarities of the involvement of witnesses in the proceedings, as the basis for the formation of the evidence base. The features of the appoint-ment of material compensation for property offenses are considered. The specifics of document-ing various forms of property relations among Balkars in the last third of the XIX century have been studied. The role of mediation (mediation) courts in resolving property disputes among the Balkars at the time under consideration is shown. It has been established that the customary law of the Balkars and Sharia were effectively applied in resolving property disputes based on some tra-ditional mechanisms: the use of witness testimony as the basis of evidence, the appointment of material compensation (fines) as a measure of responsibility for property offenses, the transfer of complex issues to the court of intermediaries, etc.
The Romanovs in the Caucasus through the lens of written sources of the 19th to the early 20th centuries
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petr A. Kuzminov , Alina M. Sherieva ,   Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the visits of representatives of the Romanov dynasty to the Caucasus and their influence on the life and customs of the mountain peoples of the Northern Caucasus. To at-tain this goal, a combination of legislative, administrative, personal history sources, and infor-mation from periodicals were used. Each type of historical source helped shed light on the unique nature of these relationships, highlighting their significance for both the Romanovs and the moun-tain peoples. Legislative sources allowed for the detailed examination of agrarian reforms, show-ing that despite Alexander II’s assertion of projects to grant land to the mountaineers, and thus be-coming law for all subjects of the Russian Empire, under pressure from the mountaineers who identified many flaws in these projects, the government was forced to reconsider the results of the reform and make significant amendments to the final version of landownership and land use in the Northern Caucasus. The memoirs of S. Siukhov depict one of the most tragic episodes of the Cau-casian War: the meeting of Emperor Alexander II with representatives of the Adyghe peoples, which ended in a new confrontation. The majority of Adyghe society chose departure to Turkey over relocation to the plains. Administrative sources described Alexander III’s meeting with rep-resentatives of the Kabardian and Balkar peoples, which resulted in the granting of alpine mead-ows to mountaineers.
Forgotten name: Lostanbi Guruzhevich Afashagov
Authors:   The Institute for the Humanities Research – Affiliated Kabardian-Balkarian Sci-entific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Inna A. Kazharova
Published: April 2024

The article presents a creative and biographical portrait of one of the forgotten representatives of Kabardian literature of the early Soviet period – poet and publicist L.G. Afashagov. Based on ar-chival sources, the history of his public activities has been reconstructed. The main directions of his work are tracked using art materials and journals, and the value accents of his works, mostly poems, which exist both original and in translation, are disclosed. The segment of the biography that covers the war years has been expanded. The reasons for his arrest have been clarified using archived information that has not before been made public. An outline of the biography of one of the KBASSR's educational figures, L.G. Afashagov's wife, F.N. Afashagova (Keyserman). New information on L.G. Afashagov's life and work has been published in scientific journals.
The image of childhood of the consciousness of the autobiographical hero of the story “Kurzhyn” (“Kurzhyn, where the childgood is hidden”) by I. Kapaev
Authors:   Karachay-Cherkessian “Badge of Honour” Order Institute for Humanitarian Research named after Kh. Kh. Khapsirokov, Nasipkhan Kh. Suyunova
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the study of some issues of the development of Soviet historiography The article considers the experience of developing the image of childhood in Isa Kapaev’s novella “Kurzhyn” (“Kurzhun, where childhood is hidden”). The writer's debut novella strives to enhance the examination of the character and awareness of a young compatriot-peer, hero-alter ego – con-cepts the author started to develop in his prose pieces of the late 60s – early 70s of the twentieth century. Since this is the story of a hero endowed with a well-developed personality and a creative worldview, the process of formation of his personality is comprehended by I.Kapaev in a socio-psychological perspective, in the logic of his maturation starting from the “origins of days.” The kurzhyn, which contains emotional objects that the nostalgic hero - a student who re-turned home on vacation - sorts through, symbolizes the novella's childhood image. These objects have significance only for their owner, they structure his memories, call up the image of child-hood in his mind: family (mother, father, grandmother), initial experience of socialization (peers), sensual experience (friendship, pain, fear overcoming, bitterness of loss). The memories of child-hood appear in the novella as a metaphor for historical memory. According to the article, "Kurzhun, where childhood is hidden" is I.Kapaev's first work in a series of subsequent stories and novels that explore the evolution of consciousness in their cross-cutting hero, an alter ego named Karamov. It is also stated that such a creative process reflects the experience gained in multinational and global literature during the development of the problem. The article uses the texts of the novella in the original language as material for analysis. The text translated into Russian is used for quoting.
An artistic solution to the problem of modern youth in the prose of A. Mizov
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Khamisha T. Timizhev , Naima B. Bozieva ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov
Published: April 2024

This paper attempts to identify the aesthetic models of Kabardino-Circassian literature in its evo-lution, through the patterns of affirmation of ideals, stereotypes and cliches, appropriate for de-termining authors and specific time periods. The object of this study is the works of one of the brightest representatives of rural prose, a follower of the “writers of the sixties” Ahmed Mizov. The work focuses on identifying the peculiarities of the modern artist’s worldview, the connection of his works with life and a pronounced attitude to the reliability of the presentation. The rele-vance of the research topic is determined by its innovative nature associated with the analysis of unexplored works of Kabardino-Circassian literature. Researchers drew the following conclusions based on their scientific research of the prose writer's work: a) A. Mizov is a master of the short story; b) a sensitive perception of the surrounding world allowed the author to create a whole gal-lery of artistic images, memorable for their immediacy; c) significant changes in social and polit-ical life, in everyday life, in the psychology of the ethnic group over the past decades, the artistic need to understand and show them underlie the novels, short stories, short stories by Ahmed Mi-zov. He fills his novels, short stories, and short stories with an artistic vision of the world. Their heroes are lively, original people, young people, mostly rural and their problems. In the course of the study of the writer’s work, a set of scientific methods was applied, including comparative, comparative-historical, description and literary analysis, which, from the point of view of usage, makes it possible to determine both structural models and the content-conceptual aspect of the artist’s work. The practical significance of the article is the results obtained, which can become a theoretical aid in further research of the work of modern authors and in the study of Kabardino-Circassian literature. They can also be used to prepare undergraduate and graduate students in philological faculties, as well as lecture courses on linked peoples’ literature and Russian litera-ture. The article is intended to facilitate the entry of works of national literature into the all-Russian cultural context.
Language features of the song "Kanshaubiy," or "Crying of princess Goshayah"
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Mariam A. Akhmatova , Mahti Z. Ulakov ,   Institute for Humanitarian Studies – Branch of the Kabardin-Balkarian Scientific Cen-ter of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sahadin M. Khubolov ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov
Published: April 2024

This article examines the linguistic features of the song “Kanshaubiy,” or “Crying Princess Goshayah.” Folklore is known to be invaluable material for research in linguistics, ethnography, and linguopholkloristics. In the text of this song, lexical and pictorial expressive means are used to represent the imagery and colorfulness of the language of the work. The study discovered that the linguocultural aspect of this song is expressed through comparative constructs, epithets, meta-phor, phraseological turns, paroemias, benevolence, and potion. The onomastic lexicon of the song was then identified and described, as were various thematic groups, confirming the richness of the lexical composition of this work’s language. It should be noted that the song “Kanshaubiy,” or “Crying of Princess Goshayah,” traces various customs, traditions, and morals of the Karachay-Balkarian ethnic group, its mental foundations and everyday life, as well as some aspects of peo-ple’s lives.
The problem of defining the concept of "socio-political vocabulary of the Kabardino-Circassian language"
Authors:   Institute for the Humanities Research – Affiliated Federal State Budgetary Scien-tifi c Establishment «Federal Scientifi c Center «Kabardian-Balkarian Scientifi c Cen-ter of the Russian Academy of Sciences», Khazhismel Ch. Zhiletezhev
Published: April 2024

The article delves into one of the most understudied aspects of Kabardino-Circassian vocabulary: sociopolitical vocabulary. According to an analysis of the existing literature, there is no linguistic consensus on the name for this group of words. The most commonly used terms in linguistics are “socio-political vocabulary” and “socio-political terminology”. Both domestic and foreign lin-guistics use a variety of names to refer to the group of words under consideration, including polit-ical vocabulary, ideologically related vocabulary, social and socio-political terminology, political lexicon, social science terminology, and sociopolitical dictionary. It should be noted that the dif-ference in terminology relates to the aspect of the research object being analyzed. The author em-phasizes that the most appropriate of them is the name “socio-political vocabulary” since it re-flects the life of society and the state accurately, and is the most specific term, as well as has a wide range of distribution and use. The analysis of the material reveals that the main components of sociopolitical vocabulary are “power,” “state,” and “society.” Based on the analysis of the ex-isting literature, it was found that large discrepancies are also observed in the number of thematic classes included in the socio-political vocabulary. The author comes to the conclusion that in the modern Kabardino-Circassian language there is no thematic classification of socio-political vo-cabulary that meets the current state of the language and modern requirements of linguistics. The article draws attention to the fact that the thematic classification is quite conditional, since many components of this group of words often overlap. The author offers his own version of the classi-fication of the socio-political vocabulary of the Kabardino-Circassian language, according to which 6 lexical and thematic groups are distinguished: political vocabulary; vocabulary character-izing political parties, organizations, social movements; legal vocabulary; military-political vo-cabulary; vocabulary expressing the spiritual and moral sphere of public life; legal vocabulary. The research is important because many theoretical and practical issues concerning the study, generalization, and analysis of the Kabardino-Circassian language’s sociopolitical vocabulary must be addressed. The paper employs a descriptive analytical method, contextual analysis, and statistical calculations.
Review of the collection of documents «Sheikh Mansour in the materials of the Kizlyar and Mozdok commandant archives: a collection of documents / identification, archeographic. pro-cessing, preface, introductory article, comment., indexes by S.B. Manyshev. – M.: Publishing house "Kuchkovo field": X-HISTORY, 2022. – 464 p.»
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Dmitry V. Ovsyannikov
Published: April 2024

The study of the collection of papers and materials gathered by S.B. Manyshev "Sheikh Mansur in the materials of the Kizlyar and Mozdok commandant archives" published in Moscow in 2022 is provided. The reviewer describes both the document selection process and the conceptual pieces that come before the documentary component. A historiographical essay and examination of the history of Russian-Chechen relations in the framework of Mansur's Caucasus movement are criti-cal for determining the current condition of modern historical research on this topic. The archaeo-graphical prelude also informs the reader about the history of archive finances and the challenges of their maintenance. The reviewer praises the collection's high quality and the author-compiler's abilities.
The Chechens and the Ingush in the Ottoman empire in the second half of the 19th century: the processes of emigration and re-emigration
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Akhmed K. Chapanov
Published: April 2024

The mountain peoples of the North Caucasus were forced to relocate to the Ottoman Empire in the mid-19th century as a result of the Russian Empire's deliberate strategy. The High Porte was also highly interested in relocating the highlanders to its domain. The article examines the process of Chechen and Ingush return to their homeland from the Ottoman Empire. The author focuses on the difficulties encountered by the re-emigrants, describ-ing the ways the highlanders resettled back home. In spite of the fact that resettlement flows con-tinued throughout the 1860s. The active phase of Chechen and Ingush emigration took place in 1865. Statistical data shows that the process of Chechen and Ingush return to their homeland was not widespread because there were no organized activities on the part of the Ottoman and Russian empires. Overall, it was a rather piecemeal, chaotic and spontaneous process that lasted through-out the 19th century. Some highlanders still managed to return to their former places of residence; others were settled in remote regions of the Russian Empire. However, many were forbidden to return to their homeland. In addition, the position of the official authorities of the two countries was quite clear – their return was undesirable. Those who remained in the Ottoman Empire subse-quently formed the basis of today's Vainakh diasporas in Turkey, Syria, and Jordan. The study is based on materials from the Russian archives.
The archive activities of the Mikhail Alexandrovich Polievktov in 1920-1930-s
Authors:   Tbilisi state uneversity, Yuri S. Sulaberidze
Published: April 2024

The study, based on archival materials introduced into scholarly circulation for the first time, shows the archival efforts of the eminent Russian historian-caucasus expert M.A. Polievktov (1872-1942) during the "tiflis period" of scientific invention (1920-1942). It is stated in the scien-tific literature that the scientist's archiving activity has not yet become a research subject. The au-thor intends to disclose similar characteristics of this behavior in the 1920s and 1940s. The article demonstrates that the name of M.A. Polievktov, a representative of the St.Petersburg historian school, is significantly linked with the construction of historial archives of the Caucasus in Geor-gia (from 1924 s.), training of specialists in archiving, setting up a course on archiving M.A. Po-lievktov developed the problems of Caucasian archeography, uncovered a number of archaeologi-cal materials on Georgian history and Russian-Geogian ties, and introduced them into scholarly circulation. Documents relating to the origins of diplomatic ties between Georgia and Russia were discovered in the Central Archives of the USSR as a result of scientific visits arranged by the Cen-tral Archives of the SSR of Georgia. M.A. Polievktov's archiving activities occurred during a crit-ical juncture in the development of Soviet archival research, as the internal political struggle worsened and historical science became more ideologically oriented. All of this was reflected in the fate of the scientist and architect. During the fifth, he was subjected to discrimination against dissidents («kondrativism») and was temporarily barred from working at the SSR of Georgia's Central Archive.
Azerbaijani population of Georgia in 1989-2014: demographic and linguistic aspects
Authors:   Federal Research Centre Southern Scientific Center, Dmitry I. Uznarodov
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes the demographic and linguistic aspects of the Azerbaijani issue in modern Georgia. Based on the analysis of official statistics data, the main trends in the demographic de-velopment of the Azerbaijani population of Georgia in the period from 1989 to 2014 are revealed. It is concluded that the number of Azerbaijani population in Georgia decreased by 24.23 % from 1989 to 2014, which was because of the large-scale outflow of the Azerbaijani population from Georgia during the 90s. The main linguistic aspects of the Azerbaijani issue in modern Georgia are also identified. It is concluded that, at present, among the national minorities of Georgia, the Azerbaijanis are the least integrated into the country’s linguistic space, as evidenced by the low percentage of the Azerbaijani population who are fluent in Georgian – only 18.7 %.
Analysis of University Admission Types’ University Life Outcomes Using Multi-Arm Causal Forest
Authors:   Korean Society for Educational Evaluation, o o , o o , o o
Published: April 2024

Over the years, university admission types have primarily been the subject of social discussions on the
dimension of fairness. However, considering the original purpose of university admissions system, it is also
crucial to evaluate how well each type performs in selecting students who can successfully navigate academic
life at each university. Accordingly, this study aimed to analyze the university life outcomes (sense of
belonging, adaptability, intention to reselect the university, intention to reselect the major, GPA) according
to different university admissions types: the admission officer(AO) system, high school grade-focused(HSG)
selection system, and College Scholastic Ability Test-focused(CSAT) selection system, using the data from the
Korea Education Longitudinal Study(KELS) 2013 collected in ’20~’21(N=2,011). Assuming the effects may
vary according to the baseline characteristics, the study employs the Conditional Average Treatment Effects
(CATE) perspective through the Multi-arm Causal Forest technique(Athey, Tibshirani, & Wager, 2019). The
main findings are summarized as follows: First, on average, students admitted through AO system exhibit
superior outcomes across all considered aspects of college life, with a notable emphasis on higher intentions
to reselect both the university and major. Second, it appears that parental income and education, high
school academic achievement levels and their university-level average were significant conditioning variables
predicting heterogeneous treatment effects on college life outcomes. Last, the effect heterogeneity of CSAT
system, depending on the values of major conditioning variables, was more prominent compared to that of
AO system. Based on these findings, suggestions for interpreting the research results and directions for
future studies were provided.
Evaluating the Effects of Major-Job Matching on First Job Satisfaction among College Graduates Using a Causal Forest
Authors:   Korean Society for Educational Evaluation, Baek Yeheun , Chung Hyewon
Published: April 2024

This study was conducted to explore the impact of major-job matching on first job satisfaction
among college graduates. To do so, the casual forest technique, a machine learning-based causal
inference method, was applied to the Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey (GOMS) 2019 data to
analyze the average treatment effects of major-job matching on first job satisfaction and the
heterogeneous treatments effects by covariates. The main findings are as follows. First, major-job
matching had a positive and significant effect on first job satisfaction even after controlling for
personal, university, and workplace characteristics as covariates. Second, heterogeneous treatment effects
were observed by gender, participation in job camps, and business type. Based on the key findings,
the implications for high job satisfaction among young college graduates through employment related
to their majors were discussed.
The influence of school factors on the classification of core competencies in the high school credit system: A focus on general-vocational high schools
Authors:   Korean Society for Educational Evaluation, Shin Yunbeom , Won Hyoheon
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the impact of school factors on students’ categorisation of core competencies
in general and vocational high schools, leading up to the full implementation of the high school
credit system. The study’s conclusions are summarised based on the main findings. The results of the
latent profile classification showed that both general and vocational upper secondary schools could be
classified into three types of core competence profiles, namely ‘top core competence’, ‘upper core
competence’ and ‘middle core competence’, and that the levels of the four sub-competences in each
profile were similar. According to the results of the multinomial logistic regression analysis, the
variables that showed statistical significance for the top group in both general and vocational upper
secondary schools based on the middle group of core competences were ‘relevance of elective courses
to careers’, ‘teaching method (interaction)’, ‘degree of reflection of students’ opinions’ and ‘city and
region’, and the most influential variable in both groups was ‘teaching method (interaction)’. For the
variables ‘teaching method (individualised)’, ‘no experience with optional courses’, ‘small and
medium-sized town’ and ‘private school’, only general secondary schools showed statistically significant
effects on group classification, while ‘large town’ showed a statistically significant negative regression
value only for vocational schools.
Development and Content Validity Verification of an Evaluation Rubric for Admission Officer System Considering High School Credit System
Authors:   Korean Society for Educational Evaluation, Jo Minhuwi , Lee Yoonsun
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to develop an evaluation rubric of admission officer system considering
the high school credit system. Interviews with stakeholders, including high school teachers, admission
officers, and evaluation experts, were conducted to derive evaluative elements that accurately reflect the
High School Credit System and students' educational experiences. The outcome is a rubric with four
dimensions: Career Exploration, Exploratory activity and level, Basic learning ability, and Sense of
Paricipation and responsibility, each evaluated across three levels and within a nine-point scale. These
dimensions are designed to assess various aspects such as students' career exploration, in-class inquiry
activities, academic achievements, and individual talents, as evidenced in their school records. Then,
this study verified the content validity of the evaluation rubric with content experts, aiming to present
a more reliable evaluation tool. This rubric is anticipated to significantly enhance the objectivity and
validity in the University Admission Officer System, while also serving as a guiding framework for
students, teachers, and parents to understand and improve educational outcomes.
Eastern motifs in the works of Victor Pelevin (based on the novel “Numbers”)
Authors: Meiping Yan
Published: April 2024

The article examines the artistic embodiment of Victor Pelevin's view on the historical transition of Russia from the era of wild capitalism to the era of vertical power. The author concludes that in Pelevin's image of Russia of the noughties, despite the existing legal institutions, their capacities are unable to satisfy citizens' demands for justice. It is not laws but mystical practices associated with the magic of numbers, including those associated with the ancient Chinese book of divination, the I Ching. Pelevin guesses the tendency for Russia to turn to the East.
MASTERING THE COSMOS: LEVERAGING MACHINE LEARNING TO OPTIMIZE SPACEX FALCON 9 LAUNCH SUCCESS RATES
Authors: Edafetanure-Ibeh Faith
Published: April 2024

This study explores the predictive analysis of SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launch outcomes, utilizing multiple machine learning models to improve prediction success rates. Rocket launch efficiency and dependability have become critical as the commercial space exploration industry proliferates (brown et al., 2023). This exploration period was led by the Falcon 9 rocket, renowned for its revolutionary reusability feature. Predicting results, however, is extremely difficult due to the intricacy of launch variables. This study examines historical launch data through extensive data collecting and organization, concentrating on elements like cargo weight, launch site conditions, and rocket parameters. The research attempts to determine the most accurate predictor of launch success by utilizing many classification models, such as logistic regression, decision trees, and random forests. By identifying significant trends and variables that have a major impact on launch outcomes, the results provide valuable information for improving mission planning and lowering operating risks. This research and its contribution to the corpus of knowledge in predictive analytics and aerospace engineering affect the future of sustainable and affordable space exploration. The results represent a significant advancement in the pursuit of efficient space exploration as they highlight the potential of machine learning to improve the predictability and reliability of commercial space missions.
Detection of sea ice floe flooding in the Southern Ocean using Sentinel-1 SAR imagery.
Authors: Williams Jullian C.B. , Ackley Stephen F. , Mestas-Nunez Alberto , Macdonald Grant , Arndt Stefanie
Published: April 2024

During the summer months in the Antarctic, perennial and seasonal sea ice floes flood. Flooding is caused by snow at the surface weighing down the ice, causing a negative freeboard and flooding the basal snow layer with seawater. This creates a brine-slush layer. Alternatively, or simultaneously, meltwater can percolate through the snow and flood the surface of the ice floe. The appearance of these flooded ice floes changes dramatically in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) scenes with season and as the dielectric constant changes with brine content. In addition to this, the incident look angle of the radar imager affects the returned backscatter intensity across the scene. The Sentinel-1 instrument began collecting data with its S1A instrument in 2014 and later S1B in 2016 and continues to acquire SAR data across the globe. Sentinel-1 supplies an unprecedented, dual-band look at sea ice in the North and South poles to understand the dynamics of sea ice processes during polar nighttime. The satellite instrument provides a unique opportunity to study the signal attenuations and the subsequent backscatter intensities in the SAR scene that change with seasonal ice flooding. This paper uses the Sentinel-1 radar data to understand the changes in backscatter intensity in flooded floes in the Amundsen, whose changes in floe flooding show spatial and spectral changes throughout the seasons.
The influence of mantle structure on dynamic topography in southern Africa
Authors: Gourley Kenneth , Harig Christopher
Published: April 2024

Due to relatively high terrain and negligible active tectonics, the southern Africa region boasts over thirty independent estimates of dynamic topography. These published estimates display a wide variance due to both the variety of methods used in computation and a lack of constraints on the regional mantle structure. Here we show that a focus on regional mantle structure is important to generate accurate models of dynamics and dynamic topography. Global average mantle properties are not representative of a particular region, and it is necessary to generate viscosity profiles specific to a region of interest. We develop a Bayesian inversion using dynamic geoid kernels, existing seismic tomography models, and Slepian functions to invert for a localized radial viscosity profile that best explains the geoid in southern Africa. With an understanding of viscosity uncertainty, we place constraints on the amount of dynamic topography in southern Africa to between 1000 and 2000 m. Additionally, we model vertical displacements from 112 GNSS stations across our region to examine the long-term, long wavelength pattern of present-day vertical motion, revealing that up to 1.5 mm/yr of vertical motion can be explained by ongoing dynamic topography. Our study demonstrates the utility of dynamic geoid kernels in local nonlinear inversions of non-unique geophysical data. Furthermore, we present evidence that there the mantle beneath southern Africa is generating significant dynamic support for and vertical displacement of the lithosphere in this region.
Direct communication of conflict in close relationships and intention to change behavior: A within-person experiment
Authors: Kakinuma Kyosuke , Izuma Keise
Published: April 2024

When people experience conflicts between their ideal standards and their partner’s actual state, they often attempt to directly regulate their partner (e.g., by requesting their partner to change behavior). Numerous observational studies suggest that direct regulation attempts are positively associated with partner behavior change. However, previous research using between-person and correlational designs has provided limited evidence. In this study, we employed a within-person experimental paradigm in which we systematically manipulated requests from one (requester) to the other (actor) and tested whether direct regulation attempts change partners’ intentions and behaviors in romantic relationships (N = 78 couples). We asked an actor to rate the actual frequency of 40–80 important actions and a requester to rate the ideal frequency of the actor's actions. These actions were then randomly assigned to either the discrepancy feedback or no-feedback condition. Results showed that discrepancies were positively associated with actors’ intentions to improve their behavior (but not with behavioral changes). These findings suggest that although people can facilitate their partner's intention to change important actions by simply directly communicating the discrepancies, they need to make additional efforts (e.g., suggesting a solution, promoting prospective memory) to get the partner to execute the intention. Using the within-person experiment, this study provides direct evidence supporting the psychological process of partner regulation.
(Don’t) Stop Believing: A Signal Detection Approach to Risk and Protective Factors for Engagement with Politicized (Mis)Information in Social Media
Authors: Winter Stephan , Valenzuela Sebastián , Santos Marcelo Luis Barbosa , Schreyer Tobias , Iwertowski Lena , Rothmund Tobias
Published: April 2024

Prior misinformation research often lacks comparisons with the processing of true information and specifically focuses on the dangers of right-wing or conservative misinformation. By employing a signal detection framework, this research addresses the ability to discern between true and false (discrimination sensitivity) as well as the tendency to prefer belief-congruent messages (confirmation bias) and reject belief-incongruent messages (disconfirmation bias), regardless of veracity, and aims to provide a comprehensive view on the ideological and cognitive factors that promote or inhibit engagement with politicized (mis)information across the political spectrum. In a pre-registered online experiment (N = 992), participants evaluated 16 social media posts (true vs. false, supporting left-wing vs. right-wing views) with regard to perceived credibility. Results identified the dark factor of personality and social media usage as risk factors that were connected to lower discrimination sensitivity. With regard to political orientation, bias occurred on both sides of the political spectrum: Rightists exhibited a stronger confirmation bias, while leftists were more likely to reject belief-incongruent messages even if they were true (higher disconfirmation bias). These findings highlight the relevance of unpacking (mis)information-related behavior into a more nuanced approach.
Multidimensionality of Hallucination-like Experiences: A Factor Structure Refinement of the Launay-Slade Hallucination Scale
Authors: Honcamp Hanna , Goller Lisa Karin , De Fátima Pereira Amorim Maria , Duggirala Suvarnalata Xanthate , Johnson Joseph F , Schwartze Michael , Pinheiro Ana P. , Kotz Sonja A.
Published: April 2024

Background: Previous research on the multidimensionality of hallucination-like experiences (HLEs) across the psychosis continuum highlights methodological disparities, emphasizing the need for a cautious interpretation of findings and transparent reporting of parameters used in the analysis. Methods: This study aimed to refine the factorial structure of the 16-item Launay-Slade Hallucination Scale (LSHS), enhance methodological clarity, and improve the comparability and generalizability of LSHS factor solutions. To this end, an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed on a large, heterogeneous sample (N = 278) with specified parameters (e.g., estimation procedure) that remain true to data characteristics and assumptions underlying EFA. Results: The results revealed a four-factor structure including "Multisensory HLEs", "Auditory daydreaming", "Vivid thoughts and inner speech”, and "Personified HLEs”. Our investigation introduces a new factor specific to the perceived presence of another person or another voice. This aligns with theories on self-monitoring difficulties associated with an external attribution bias as hallucination proneness (HP) increases across the continuum. Conclusion: The current results provide an opportunity for investigating neurophysiological and neurobehavioral correlates of HP considering highly differentiated individual profiles of HLEs. Future studies should focus on validating the robustness of the four-factor structure derived from this research across diverse samples of the general population (e.g., different age groups and cultural backgrounds). Specified composite scores underlying HLEs could be of additive value when assessing emerging clinical risk on the psychosis continuum.
Evaluation of some bio pesticidal plants in the management of Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Bulus Julius , Kwanashie Adobe Joshua , Utono Iliyasu Mohammed , Habila James Dama , Alao Sheikh Emmanuel Laykay , Zarafi Afiniki Bawa , Bamaiyi Lucius Joseph , Abubakar Ahmed , Kashina Boniface David
Published: April 2024

Utilization of compounds in extracts derived from medicinal plants is in vogue now for managing Meloidogyne incognita on crops owing to the unpopular use of synthetic nematicides especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, extracts from Azadirachta indica A. Juss and Hyptis suaveolens obtained using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol were tested for their efficacy in inhibiting egg hatching and inducing larval mortality of Meloidogyne incognita obtained from tomato bioassay maintained in Screenhouse. The extracts obtained from each solvent were reconstituted using Tween80+Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and evaluated on hatching inhibition and larval mortality of Meloidogyne incognita at concentrations of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%. Furadan served as standard checks while distilled water and Tween80+(DMSO) as controls. Two separate experiments were conducted with 39 treatments each arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four repetitions on the laboratory bench for the hatching inhibition and larval mortality. Ninety (90) µL of each extract was added to 10 µL suspension containing either 15 eggs or second-stage larvae of Meloidogyne incognita pipette into cavity glass blocks. Hatching inhibition and larval mortality readings were recorded at 6, 12, 24, and 36 hours. Results indicated that Neem and Hyptis mixture at all concentrations extracted using any of the solvents gave 100% egg hatching inhibition from the 6th to the 36th h after treatment application. Only Neem and Hyptis mixture at 0.5% extracted in chloroform gave 100% larval mortality at the 6th h till the 36th h among the lowest concentration of the mixtures of the plant extracts. Combined solvent extracts of the two plants showed the highest activity in both hatching inhibition and larval mortality but individual solvent extracts showed the highest activity only at the highest rates used. The acute toxicity test of the most effective solvent extract of Neem and Hyptis at 0.5% extracted in Chloroform did not cause any sign of toxicity or death in the test animals.
Analisis Sistem dan Prosedur Pemungutan Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah dan Bangunan (BPHTB) Pada Badan Pendapatan Daerah Kabupaten Sanggau
Authors: Syapparani Syapparani , Safrizal Safrizal
Published: April 2024

Governments from the central to regional levels need funds to carry out their duties. This also includes fulfilling work programs whose goal is to create prosperity and welfare for the community. Of course, to obtain funds to support all these activities, the government must be diligent in exploring various existing funding sources. Sources of these funds can be obtained from the tax sector, investment, and so on. The tax sector is the largest source of funds or income obtained by local governments. The purpose of this research is to determine the system analysis and procedures for collecting land and building acquisition fees (BPHTB) at the Sanggau Regency Regional Revenue. The research method uses analytical descriptive. The results of this research indicate that the process of collecting fees for the acquisition of land and building rights can be handled by following predetermined systems and procedures. It is known that the Regional Revenue Agency is one of the Regional Government Organizations that provides public services, which seek to improve the quality of service-oriented performance to the user community. This research also succeeded in summarizing or finding out about the system and procedures for collecting fees for the acquisition of land and building rights at the Regional Revenue Agency of Sanggau Regency.
Pengaruh Service Quality Terhadap Customer Saticfaction di PT Pos Indonesia KCP Leles
Authors: Azzahra Luthvia , Mi’raj Irdan Fattur
Published: April 2024

This study aims to explore the relationship between the service quality of PT. Pos Indonesia KCP Leles and customer satisfaction levels. The purpose of this research is to identify the extent to which customer satisfaction at PT. Pos Indonesia Leles is influenced by the quality of services provided by the company. The study employs a quantitative, ex-post facto methodology to investigate the level of customer satisfaction at PT. Pos Indonesia KCP Leles influenced by its service quality. Customers who have completed transactions at PT. Pos Indonesia Leles constitute the population of this study. Incidental sampling is the sampling method used. Data acquisition is carried out through questionnaires. The results of this study indicate that customer satisfaction at PT. Pos Indonesia Leles is significantly influenced by service quality, with an influence of 53.3%.
Pengaruh Service Quality dan Product Quality terhadap Customer Satisfaction di XX Catering Bandung
Authors: Garnida Gilang Gerry , Kurnia Muhammad Adly , Nursyifa Tiara Ismaya
Published: April 2024

Food service providers, including accommodation and beverage services, have faced notable declines in revenue due to governmental travel and social restrictions. This impact is evident in businesses like XX Catering, a party catering company. This study aimed to assess customer responses towards XX Catering's service quality, product quality, and overall satisfaction amidst these challenges. The research involved 134 participants, primarily female, aged between 26 and 30, holding bachelor's degrees, and employed in the private sector. Results from validity and reliability assessments of the questionnaire indicated reliable data for analysis. Descriptive analysis revealed mean values exceeding 4 for most indicators, suggesting relatively high service and product quality. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that service and product quality significantly influenced customer satisfaction, explaining 63.6% of the variation.
The Murderous Act as a Response to Identity Crisis in Trifles
Authors: Sharma Bam Dev
Published: April 2024

Trifles is one of the revolutionary one act plays dealing with murder in which John Right is murdered by the wife, Minnie Right. She, however, refuses that she was fast asleep when the murder took place. The circumstances, however, evince that she is responsible for the murder. The play does not clearly manifest any such clues except the narrated accounts of other characters regarding her personality and her emotional and psychological. She behaves eccentrically when Mr. Hale, a close neighbor, comes to her house inquiring her husband, John Right. The investigation, then, takes place led by country attorney and other members. They enter the farm house, examining several rooms in course of investigation. On this story backdrop, this article tries to explore the cause of murder due to identity crisis. To make this claim justifi able, the research article is based on identity theory proposed by Peter Bourke, Castelles Manual, and David De Grazia.