bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La proline dans les vins
Authors: Colagrande Osvaldo , Mazzoleni Valeria , Del Re A.
Published: November 2016

On sait depuis longtemps que la proline constitue l'un des acides aminés présent en plus grande quantité dans les moûts et dans les vins. Récemment, plusieurs auteurs ont proposé de choisir la teneur en cet aminoacide comme indice de pureté d'un vin.

Dans le but de caractériser les vins d'appellation d'origine contrôlée, nous avons cherché à étudier les teneurs en proline de quelques vins ; nous en présentons ici les premiers résultats.
Os indígenas Xavante no Censo Demográfico de 2010
Authors: Souza Luciene Guimarães de , Gugelmin Silvia Angela , Cunha Barbara Coelho Barbosa da , Atanaka Marina
Published: November 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar, a partir de dados do Censo Demográfico de 2010, a distribuição geográfica e algumas características sociodemográficas dos indígenas da etnia Xavante no Brasil. Para tanto, foram utilizadas as seguintes variáveis do questionário básico do Censo: etnia; situação de domicílio; localização do domicílio (dentro ou fora de Terra Indígena – TI); cor ou raça; língua falada no domicílio; renda; e alfabetização. A captação dos dados foi realizada no Banco Multidimensional de Estatística (BME) do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, considerando as TI Xavante, os 15 municípios onde estão inseridas as TI, os três municípios no entorno dessas TI e o município de Cuiabá. Dos 19.259 declarados indígenas Xavante, 91,6% residiam em área rural e 85,9% falavam a língua indígena no domicílio. Os municípios de Campinápolis, Barra do Garças, Nova Nazaré e General Carneiro, juntos, somavam 75,1% do contingente populacional residente em área rural. Nas TI Areões, Pimentel Barbosa e  Sangradouro-Volta Grande, todos se declararam indígenas e da etnia Xavante. Nas TI Chão Preto e Marechal Rondon somente a pergunta “se considera indígena” conseguiu captá-los, pois todos se declararam em outras categorias de cor ou raça. Uma comparação com outra fonte de informações indica que os dados populacionais totais do Censo 2010 são  compatíveis com aqueles encontrados no registro da área da saúde. Considera-se que, para o caso Xavante, o Censo de 2010 tem um grande potencial para análises de dados demográficos e poderia ser avaliado para outras etnias indígenas específicas, desde que comparados com informações socioantropológicas.
Nupcialidade indígena: possibilidades e limitações de análise utilizando os dados do Censo Demográfico de 2010
Authors: Longo Luciene Aparecida Ferreira de Barros , Ferreira Luciane Ouriques , Azevedo Marta Maria do Amaral
Published: November 2016

O presente artigo analisa os dados disponíveis na amostra do Censo Demográfico de 2010 a respeito da nupcialidade da população autodeclarada indígena. Se há uma significativa produção antropológica sobre organização social dos povos indígenas no Brasil, o que contempla aspectos referentes a casamentos, pouco se sabe, a partir de uma perspectiva demográfica, sobre a nupcialidade desse segmento da população e como se dão as uniões endogâmicas e exogâmicas considerando os grupos de raça/cor. Assim, tem-se como objetivo apresentar uma análise dos padrões de nupcialidade, utilizando as categorias pesquisadas do quesito raça/cor no Censo Demográfico de 2010, com foco na população indígena. Especificamente se realiza uma análise da idade média à união e ao casamento e das taxas de homogamia por raça/cor, inclusive separando os casais por grupos de idade da mulher, status marital, situação do domicílio e residentes em municípios com Terras Indígenas. Apesar das evidentes limitações dos dados, e com uso de métodos demográficos indiretos, os resultados revelam que, entre todas as categorias de raça/cor, a idade média à união dos indígenas é a menor e suas taxas padronizadas de endogamia por raça/cor são as mais altas.
The Xavante in perspective: anthropology and history in the study of indigenous populations
Authors: Dent Rosanna
Published: November 2016

Review ofCOIMBRA JR., C. E. A.; WELCH, J. R. (Org.). Antropologia ehistória Xavante em perspectiva. Rio de Janeiro: Museu doÍndio/Funai, 2014. 216p.
La construcción de poblaciones utilizando los censos de población en Latinoamérica
Authors: Molina Santiago J.
Published: November 2016

Reseña deLOVEMAN, Mara. National colors: racial classification and the state in Latin America. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014, xix+377p.
On the Criteria for Classifying Religious Organizations, or How Wallis “Ascended” the Moonies
Authors: Sinani Danijel
Published: November 2016

The paper considers the criteria for the classification of religious organizations utilized by Roy Wallis and Gordon Melton in their typologies. The Unification church, which can be found in categories established in accordance to different criteria in the work of the two aforementioned authors, is used as an example for consideration. These typologies have handled the changes in operation and organization of this religious movement differently. Aside from noting a specific kind of paradox with regard to the position of the Unification church in these typologies and posing a number of questions pertaining to the choice of “adequate” criteria for the classification of religious organizations, the paper presents a critical overview of Wallis’ and Melton’s typologies, as well as the Unification church itself.
“I Believe in God and Judgment day.” Hayrun Yahya and the Contemporary Contextualization of Apocalyptic Hadiths
Authors: Pišev Marko
Published: November 2016

The motif of the apocalypse has fascinated mankind from the very beginnings of oral history and is present in various myths and religious traditions, finding its expression in the art of all time periods. Even today it hasn't lost its grip on human imagination. In modern Islamic contexts, the phenomenon of the apocalypse incorporates anti-western ideologies, which reflect, to a large extent the sociocultural heritage of former anti-colonialist struggles, as well as the anti-imperialist attitudes which are present in a large number of contemporary Muslim societies. When paired with apocalyptic narratives, these notions can lead to negative essentializations of so-called “western morals and ethics”, which are subsequently interpreted as a clear sign of the   End times. Aside from the wider consideration of the symbolism of Islamic apocalyptic narratives, the paper will deal with a critical analysis of the visualizations of the Signs of the Last Day books by religious author Hayrun Yahya, who considers the topic of the apocalypse, as presented in the Koran and hadiths, in an affirmative light. We will attempt to puzzle out why the textual version of Signs utilizes certain quotes from the hadiths, while other, equally relevant quotes are avoided. We will rely on the so-called “interdiscursive” aspect of the enclosed quasi- documentary film, or rather, the heterogeneous elements which make up its audio-visual “text”. This analysis should uncover the ideological notions behind this specific instrumentalization of scripture for the aim of religious, cultural and moral critique of contemporary (both Muslim and non-Muslim) societies; however, we will also attempt to point out the multifunctional idea – suggested to the viewing/reading audience of apocalyptic narratives – that Judgment day is near, and can come around at any moment.
Modern Holiday Calendar of the Russians
Authors: Frolova Alexandra
Published: November 2016

Holiday is an indispensable condition for social existence of mankind, who have a unique ability to embrace in their lives other people’s joy and cultural experiences of previous generations. Numerous forms of festivities, which are a necessary component of social life of mankind, are one of the manifestations of its social force. Out of a great variety of holidays the article dwells on the most popular much loved Russian festivities, existing in Russia at the beginning of ХХI century. It should be noted that the author adheres to the names and classifications of holidays existing in ethnography and conditionally divides into two groups: 1. civil holidays, among which attention is devoted to public, professional, literary and folk holidays, and 2. orthodox and calendar holidays.
Beginnings and Importance of Romantic Wandering in Mid-18th Century
Authors: Molnar Aleksandar
Published: November 2016

In the article, the author is discussing the importance of the wandering experiences for the emergence of Romanticism in the mid-18th century. His point of view is that without such experiences the rising culture of novels would not be able to trigger the correspondent take off in romantic arts and philosophy. Only during wanderings in the unknown nature it was possible not only to contemplate the alternative universes reveled by novels, but also to feel the possibility of their existence. And the most precious experiences wanderings could offer were the experiences of the possibility that the golden age was not only part of a mythic past but could be re-established again. Romantic wanderings were always part of the search for such golden age and source of the urge to re-invent the alternative to the oppressive bourgeois society. Such a view on the importance of romantic wanderings the author tries to demonstrate on examples of Jean-Jacques Rousseau in France and Johann Gottfried Herder in Germany. He considers them as first Romantics (along with Johann Georg Hamann in Germany) whose early wandering experiences shaped to a great extent their intellectual development and enabled them to engage passionately in battle with the ideals of Enlightenment.
Wandering Motive and Its Appeal On Reluctantly Wandering Franz Schubert
Authors: Jeremić Molnar Dragana
Published: November 2016

Franz Schubert was not generous in commenting his own creative procedures, or in revealing his artistic inspirations. Therefore, it is even today not clear why Wilhelm Müller’s collection of poems entitled Winter journey attracted Schubert so strongly that he was so determined to set it as a whole to the music. In this article the author mentions, and rejects as well, couple of commonly accepted interpretations. The path to the lieder cycle Winter journey was paved neither by Schubert’s identification with the main character – outcast overwhelmed by desperation and anticipation of the approaching death – and his strange ways of experiencing the world; neither by composer’s acceptance of impious beliefs hidden in Müller’s poems. The author argues that both poet and composer of Winter journey shared the affinity for the wandering (and wanderer) motive which was one of the central topics in the rising romantic Weltanschauung. Schubert was dealing with this motive from 1815 until his death mainly in his lieder, sometimes in very complex manner. In order to understand the real nature of Schubert’s artistic rapprochement to the motive of wandering, the author was obliged to consider and, at the first place, evaluate the works of scholars (such as Theodor Adorno, David Gramit, and Jeffrey Perry) who have been dealing with this problem. After that the author focuses her attention to the narrative entitled My dream, the most extensive and enigmatic writing left behind Schubert; she analyses the role of wandering in it, arguing that Schubert was participating in the spiritual currents of his time even unconsciously and trying to adapt them in order to serve as the solutions to his own existent ional dilemmas. Finally, she concludes that the composer was very sensitive for the complexity of the phenomena of wandering, when romantic Weltanschauung was at its peak, and eager to come to terms with this complexity artistically, paying the most attention to one of its layers – the regenerative one.
Female Technology: The Identity of Neolithic Potters
Authors: Vuković Jasna
Published: November 2016

If the object of research is Neolithic ceramics, it would seem that the researcher is at a loss when it comes to illuminating certain social aspects of the manufacture of pottery. In archaeological inquiry the artisan always remain “invisible”, even though their identities are crucial in the reconstruction of social relations. Thus, if we wish to identify the gender and social standing of artisans in the deeper layers of history, we must turn to ethnoarchaeological and anthropological research.

A number of ethnoarchaeological and anthropological studies confirms the conclusion that pottery can be considered a female occupation in non-industrialized societies. However it seems that a rough, gender-based division of production to non-specialized – female and specialized – male, is too simplified. According to this point of view, women engage in pottery only when they have no other work to do – be it household chores or agricultural labor, and they produce pottery only to meet the needs of their own household. Ethnoarchaeological research, however, shows that women can indeed become specialized artisans.

The specialization of women can be observed in three forms: 1. In those communities where only some households engage in production of pottery, 2. In specialized communities and 3. In communities where female pottery makers belong to specific social groups.

 Based on anthropological research, we can assume that the adoption of pottery is directly linked to the gender based division in everyday activities. Beliefs, rituals and taboos connected to the production of pottery which have been ethnographically documented, and wherein the production of pottery is equated with the shift in the life cycle, birth and death, only serve to vouch for the identity of the artisan in the earliest ceramic communities.
Food – The Story of Our Life: A Contribution to the Studies of Food and the Anthropology of Taste
Authors: Đerić Gordana
Published: November 2016

By approaching the phenomenon of food (consumption) as an identity issue of the first order, as man’s alimentary, only true biography, and an authentic expression of self and experience, but also as a key phenomenon in the development of man and mankind, the author points toward the anthropologically relevant aspects of research pertaining to food (the mythological, cultural and historical, economic, aesthetic, linguistic, political). The development of the art and philosophy of food (consumption) is considered in the context of history of the ideas of Epicureanism, empiricism and lametrism, as well as in the context of the end of the cult of culture” in its traditional meaning. Moving between issues of art theory and epistemology, the author pays special attention to the causes of the theoretical neglect of the senses of taste and smell, historical reasons of the second-rate position of gastronomy among the other sciences and arts, as well as changes taking place at the end of the “short 20th century” which enabled a revolution in aesthetics and social values – the expansion of food studies and the art of cookery. Thus the aim of the paper is twofold: on the one hand it is an attempt to shed some light on the history of this revolution in the context of the theoretical and aesthetic relationship toward food and the art of its preparation, and on the other, it should be an argument incentive to have the basic issue of food (consumption) find its way onto our own academic menu.
A Good Death – On the Evolution of Social Acceptable Ways to Die
Authors: Kuljić Todor
Published: November 2016

Socially acceptable ways to die have been historically variable. The paper gives a historical overview of what was considered a good death in Europe. The difference between the traditional, the modern and the postmodern view of a good death is highlighted. The real conditions of dying on average have undergone fundamental changes, thus the image of a normal death has shifted as well. The conditions and meaning of living have imposed a vision of its desirable ending. Earlier, a good death was prepared and one would die in the presence of a priest, afterwards dying took place in hospitals, and today death is even more isolated. The death of private and public persons has changed as well, along with ways of mourning. In politics, a good death was always the one which was endowed with symbolic capital. Traditionally, in many cultures the heroic death has been reserved for those sacrificing themselves in war, while today heroic dying is more inclusive. The political utilization of death was always dependent on the hegemonic pattern of a good death in the given historical context. The utilization of the symbolic capital of death hasn’t stopped; rather, it was adopted in accordance with new social complexity, along with the image of the socially acceptable death.
An Essay on the Anthropology of Underground Economy: The Economic Behavior of the Tenants of a Building in Dorcol
Authors: Kovačević Ivan , Antonijević Dragana
Published: November 2016

The paper represents a case study of the economic behavior of the tenants of a building in downtown Belgrade. The data was gathered through ethnographic methods of observation and informal interviews. The external indicators of spending, as well as the researcher’s knowledge about the professions and income of a number of tenants pointed toward the conclusion that informal economy plays a major role in the earnings of the observed households. The goal of this paper is to point out the shortcomings of official statistical data on the income of Serbian citizens on which assessments of the standard of living are based. The outline of an “anthropology of informal earning” is given, and suggested as a way to access information on a wide variety of informal means of acquiring income which are left out of formal statistics, yet enable a significant proportion of Serbian citizens to attain a better standard of living than is suggested by official data. Another goal was to, by making a connection between informal economy and the political choices of Serbian citizens; point out the fact that the revolts occurring over the past two decades were mainly motivated by political and not economic reasons as would be expected. This is especially relevant, keeping in mind the catastrophic economic situation in the country which is often emphasized in public discourse, and taking into account the different events and parameters – starting with the hyperinflation in the first half of the 90’s, international sanctions, the increase in public spending on the part of all the regimes that had been in power, great budget deficits and national debt, up to and including the lack of much needed economic reform. Given all this, it is confounding that economic reasons do not cause the people to revolt, unless, we look to the informal economy which allows a significant number of Serbian citizens to have a more comfortable existence than public data suggests.
Why Contemporary Children and Adults Like Fairytales
Authors: Trebješanin Žarko , Jovanić Goran , Stajić Mladen
Published: November 2016

The paper is based on field research on parents’ opinions and attitudes toward fairytales. The research was conducted in 2012, using a specially prepared questionnaire. The sample consisted of rural and urban parents of both sexes in Jagodina and Levca county. The paper represents an analysis of the opinions of parents on the pedagogical and psychological importance of the fairytale as a genre of folklore. The results show who tells fairytales to children today, and which traditional fairytales are favored by contemporary children and their parents. Empirical data provides us with a reliable answer to the question of what contemporary parents in Serbia think about whether “brutal” or “bloody” fairytales are harmful to children or not. The discovery of what parents think about why children like fairytales and what they can learn from the fantastic stories is especially important.
Why Have the “Cantankerous Old People” Left the Neighborhood? The Representation of Old Age in Serbian Television Commercials – a Repeated Study
Authors: Milosavljević Ljubica
Published: November 2016

The paper represents an attempt to examine to what extent the way in which older members of society are represented in Serbian television commercials has changed in comparison to representations which were present in commercials during the three months in 2009 (Milosavljevic 2010a) when the first study was conducted. As was the case in the first study, the focus is on dominant societal attitudes toward old people and old age which were utilized in making the television commercials in question. This was accomplished through analyzing both the positive and the negative stereotypes used to convey meaning in the commercials which were analyzed, as well as through the analysis of the proportional representation of older characters in advertising. The commercials which were analyzed here were broadcasted during the second half of December 2012, January and the first half of February 2013.
The Story of Dorćol: The “Jevremova – Street of Meetings” Manifestation and the Multicultural Construction of Place of Memory
Authors: Antonijević Dragana
Published: November 2016

The paper considers the manifestation “Jevremova Street – Street of Meetings” as a new custom instated by the Belgrade municipality of Stari Grad (Old Town), as a means to promote the spirit of neighborly relations and tolerance, as well as evoke the collective memory of the multiethnic and multiconfessional makeup of the inhabitants of the oldest part of the city – Dorćol. The obvious intent to keep up with the global trend of multicultural policies initiated not only this manifestation, but also a specific kind of “branding” of Dorćol through a series of different activities and publications dedicated to emphasizing the cultural specificity of this part of the city which is characterized by a unique topography, the great age of the city center, and a multicultural past. The attempts made by administrative governments and cultural organizations to promote Dorćol and revitalize its significance as a “place of memory” and an attractive tourist, cultural, educational and commercial location, a multiethnic location rife with urban spirit was motivated, in this author’s opinion, by political reasons and was supposed to serve as a means to demonstrate the extent of the democratic and civil changes in Serbia after the year 2000. The data presented here was gathered through the ethnographic method of participant observation. The main characteristics of the “Jevremova – Street of Meetings” celebration have been described, and its function within the context of historical, ethnic and confessional specificities of Dorćol have been analyzed. The paper also includes an analysis of the urban semiotics of the neighborhood.
Salvation and Eternal Life in an Alternative Religious Movement – The Raëlian Book of the Cloned
Authors: Sinani Danijel
Published: November 2016

The paper examines the conceptualization of salvation and eternal life within the Raëlian movement. After a brief overview of this alternative religious movement, we will give an analysis of certain aspects of the movement’s religious teachings relevant for our paper. Based on a specific biblical exegesis and latter developments of the basic teachings, the founder of the movement and his disciples bring a wholly new interpretation of these, perhaps most important religious themes. By positioning intelligence and science into the focus of their eschatology, Raelians introduce the idea of cloning as a path to eternal life. However, even with the attempts made by the founder to represent the Raelian belief system as a total break from the “primitive” understanding and practices of religion, the holy texts of this movement do contain old religious ideas as well as other familiar mechanisms of engaging the religious commitment of its members.
Zangbeto: The Traditional Way of Policing and Securing the Community among the Ogu (Egun) People in Badagry, Nigeria
Authors: Okunola Rashidi Akanji , Ojo Matthias Olufemi Dada
Published: November 2016

This paper is an ethnological and anthropological study of Zangbeto among the Ogu (Egun) people of Badagry, in Nigeria. The study utilized survey design approach with emphasis on qualitative method: interview, focus group discussion and key informant investigation. Purposive and convenience sampling procedures under non –probability sampling were used in selecting the study area and respondents who participated in the study (n=40).  The data gathered from the field of study were analyzed, using content analysis method. The findings in the study revealed that Zangbeto still remains an effective social machinery of policing and securing the lives and properties in the Badagry community. It also played a prominent role in making peace among the feuding parties in the community and still remains an avenue of social entertainment and cultural display. The study called for the legal backing of Zangbeto as a traditional way of policing and security the lives and properties in this community and the continuous researches of African societies to uncover ways through which African societies can help themselves where westernization has failed them.
Economic Transformation and the Utilization of Tradition: Achieving Covert Benefits through the use of Reciprocity in Rites of Passage in Serbian Villages
Authors: Naumović Slobodan
Published: November 2016

The paper, which is part of a larger whole, offers an attempt to interpret new forms of behavior, especially the complex interplay between different forms of gift giving and consumption in contemporary marital rites. These forms of behavior, which tend to mimic traditional patterns, but are far from them, represent the symbolic responses of peasants to the economic pressures of the outside environment. The concept of the use of tradition is offered as a framework through which it is possible to link the entirety of socio-economic conditions with deliberate actions by individuals or groups in a rural environment. Playing with the multiple meanings which can be ascribed to the forms of behavior that mimic traditional patterns, especially the reciprocity of different forms of exchange of gifts and wedding feasts, enables the transformation of interests which it isn’t advisable to endorse into actions which are acceptable to everyone.  To use Bourdieu’s terms, consciously resorting to traditional forms of behavior enables the “euphemization” of their original meaning and the real reasons behind their use, and constitutes the first step in the use of tradition. The second step in this process is linked to choice between different behavioral patterns (the flows of reciprocity on the one hand, and conspicuous, prestigious consumption on the other) and playing with the social consequences of such choices. The possibility of using elements of the traditional cultural pattern of the wedding in order to maintain or elevate one’s social status was present before, especially due to the multifaceted practice of gift giving, or rather, the possibility of giving a gift which is larger than the expected return gift. The only difference between the traditional and the contemporary model of wedding practices is that today it’s possible to elevate one’s status through consumption which completely sidesteps the established channels of reciprocity and mutuality. Namely, while the former patterns of behavior made it possible to elevate one’s status only to the extent to which other members of the community received gifts, or the extent to which other members of the community profited from “excessive” gift giving, today it is necessary to build one’s social standing through consumption which completely sidesteps the channels of mutuality (like spending money on ordering songs, on orchestras, large tents, limos etc.) In a system like that, the practice of utilizing tradition, the public focus on gift giving and other forms of mutual exchange, serves primarily (but not only) to diminish the intrusiveness of new forms of behavior, especially “pure status consumption”, and to make their social consequences more acceptable.
The Return of Napoleon Chagnon: On American “Cowboys” and Amazonian Indians, again
Authors: Gorunović Gordana
Published: November 2016

The immediate motive for the writing of this paper is the renewed interest in the controversial anthropologist Napoleon Chagnon, whose name, scientific work and authority (or the dubious value thereof) is firmly linked to the Yanomami people of South America. The image of the “paleolithic -neolithic” warrior culture of the Yanomami in the contemporary world, which was construed by the American anthropologist through his books and ethnographic films, was received by millions of people all over the world, including members of the Yanomami community. At the turn of the 21st century, this image backfired at its author, his ethnographic subjects and the discipline itself, and began to disintegrate. The ensuing controversies are the topic of this paper.
Ernest Brummer and the Coffin of Nefer-renepet From Akhmim
Authors: Anđelković Branislav , Elias Jonathan P.
Published: November 2016

The coffin of Nefer-renepet was donated to the National Museum in Belgrade by Ernest Brummer (born in Sombor in 1881) in 1921. The coffin is a fine example of the artistry of the funerary industry of ancient Akhmim. Previous publications have classified this object as belonging to the 22nd-25th Dynasty or Ptolemaic period. The present analysis indicates that it dates to the period of the mid-4th century B.C., i.e. 30th Dynasty, based on stylistic comparisons, orthography and genealogical information from similar coffins in other collections. This stylistic/chronological phase is not well-represented numerically, and this makes Nefer-renepet’s coffin all the more important. The design characteristics of the phase broadly emulate those of the 26th Dynasty, but they are clearly distinguishable as belonging to a later era. Among the many distinctive aspects of Nefer-renepet’s coffin is the interior decoration of its lid, published here for the first time, showing the ‘gliding Nut motif with upward streaming hair’ accompanied by abbreviated texts derived from the Book of Day and Book of Night. The goddess represented on the coffin trough is Imentet, with the maat-feather on her head as a reduction of the full hieroglyphic symbol for West.
Tracing the Oldest Audio Recordings of Vocal Musical Tradition of Germans in Bačka
Authors: Ivkov Vesna
Published: November 2016

This paper represents an attempt by the author to contribute to the history of ethnomusicology in Serbia, by brining to light new data on the fieldwork conducted by Gustav Kipers – Sonenberg in Bačka for the purposes of making audio recordings and collecting German traditional melodies. The aim of the research is to study the opinions of contemporary members of the German national community in Bačka on the melodies gathered by Gustav Kipers – Sonenberg. This approach and the data gathered become the basis for considering further directives for the study of German traditional music in Serbia.
Conditions of Labour Migrants in the Republic of Serbia: Preliminary Perspective
Authors: Antonijević Dragana , Krstić Marija , Banić Grubišić Ana
Published: November 2016

Issue of foreign labour migrants in Serbia does not occupy very prominent place in Serbian governmental policies. These policies are mainly focused towards Serbian Diaspora and Serbian labour migrants working abroad. Conversely, national policies on foreigners in Serbia are mostly concentrated on suppression of illegal immigrants and inclusion and readmission of Serbian refugees. The development of Serbian migratory policies represents part of national Euro-integration strategy. Therefore we find relevant to draw attentions to this topic. In this paper we outline basic national legislation procedures, laws and migratory strategies and give review of basic national and other bodies. Furthermore, we focus on gaps in processing problems of labour migrants in Serbia.
The concept of the risk environment and riсs factors in the social-epidemiological studies of public health
Authors: Žikić Bojan
Published: November 2016

Rhodeс’ concept of the riсk environment became the dominant heuriсtic tool in the сocial epidemiological сtudieс of iссueс connected to HIV/AIDS and HCV in the decade after the publication of the firсt theoretical paper (2002) on the concept. Even though the concept of riсk environment haс been widely utilized in a number of paperс on the iссue, it haс not been theoretically expanded on – there haс been no clearer highlighting of riсk factorс – a key part of the concept – not haс it been expanded in order to be applicable to a wider range of public health topicс, with an accent on vulnerability, marginality and marginalization, which iс the topic and aim of thiс paper.
Knowledge Yearning for Freedom
Authors: Gavrilović Ljiljana
Published: November 2016

The paper is concerned with the restriction of access to knowledge/books in the contemporary digitalized global world, in which the access to knowledge has to be paid for, and wherein definitions of modes of payment control who has or doesn’t have the right to knowledge. The second part of the article deals with the struggle for the freedom of words/knowledge, and actions through which the authors/producers of knowledge and art fight the restrictions not only to the freedom of speech, but also creativity and innovation, which should be the aim of all copyright and intellectual right laws, the contemporary application of which has become its own opposite.
Music as a Cultural Phenomenon
Authors: Ristivojević Marija
Published: November 2016

From an anthropological perspective music is a cultural phenomenon. This means that in order to understand it, one must understand the meanings which are attributed to it through the interaction with the environment wherein it is practiced and produced. In this paper, the concept of music is interpreted through the double role it takes on as a result of that interplay. The first part of the analysis considers music as a cultural “product”, while the second part focuses on its role as a “producer” (of identity). A simple division like this is a useful methodological tool with which I endeavor to highlight not only the fluidity of meaning, but the importance and relevance of music in anthropological study.
On Maintaining National Identity and Cultural Heritage in European Integrations: Basic Misconceptions and Important Possibilities
Authors: Milenković Miloš
Published: November 2016

Keeping in mind the present transcendence of the national/democratic dichotomy and the recent turn from governmental to cultural elites in the policies of the EU and the European Council directed at the Republic of Serbia, the paper recommends a new field of application of ethnology and anthropology, based on previous analyses and modifications of identity policies of the EU. The foundation of the baseless idea of Europe as a framework in which national identities and cultural heritage are weakened and even disappear will be considered, and the fact that the EU is the largest global consumer of identity will be pointed out, along with the possibilities this brings to the domain of maintaining the national identity and cultural heritage of the citizens of Serbia. Ethnologists and anthropologists can participate in this process not only professionally, as researchers, or privately as political actors, but also in the domain of the application of science, helping culturally legitimate elites recognize that the protection of national identities and cultural heritage within the confines of an international budget is a lucrative, sustainable and efficient way to maintain interpretative sovereignty, especially in times of crisis for national budgets. Seeing as trained ethnologists and anthropologists are professionally trained for consulting in the domain of identity issues, they are in the unique position to point both sides in the process of European integrations toward the huge potential within further redirecting of incentives toward culturally legitimate elites.
Fashion, Media and the Elite: Ethnography of the Exploitation of the Slovenian Transitional Media Promenade
Authors: Kotnik Vlado
Published: November 2016

The article is an attempt to represent a particular social practice, which has, due to its currency and ubiquity in the media as of late, gained a surprisingly naturalized legitimacy within the Slovenian mediascape. After Slovenia gained its independence in 1991, two parallel processes could be observed. On the one hand, the state itself was searching for a new identity which it could project both inward and outward, it was looking for a way to communicate the national tale of itself through numerous ruling discourses of politics, economy, tourism, sports and culture. On the other hand, the transitional ruling class and the emergent social force of postsocialist rich, chosen and owners needed new elements in the process of social differentiation.  Fashion became one of the reinvented refuges or simply “discoveries” of the new Slovenian political, economic and media elite, which used the media to establish a visual order of transitional social differentiation. At the core of fashion as a mode of social distinction is a ceremonialized and spectacularized display of cultural differences within a society. Elites have been caught in the social obligation of constant invention of novelty, in order to create the necessary social difference from the non-elite or the masses. Namely, difference itself has no wider social value if there is no one to notice or desire it. This article methodologically authenticates the conclusions through the analysis of specific media perceptions and an ethnography conducted among actors on these levels: producers of fashion as social distinction (the elite) vs reproducers of fashion as social distinction (the media) vs consumers of fashion as social distinction (the audience).
“I’m a Poor Lonesome Cowboy and a Long Way from Home…”: Serbian Documentary Films about Guest Workers
Authors: Krstić Marija
Published: November 2016

In this paper I will analyze Serbian documentary films about guest workers dating from the last decade of the 20th and the first decade of the 21st century, using the perspective of visual anthropology. I question the popular cultural notions about guest workers in films Весеље у Ждрелу (A Celebration in Zdrelo) by author Kamenko Katic, Звона позне јесени (The Bells of Late Autumn) by author Zoran Milenovic, Кад је Милорад удавао ћерку (When Milorad Gave His Daughter in Marriage) by author Vladimir Milisavljevic, Странац тамо, странац овде  (A Foreigner There, a Foreigner Here) by author Sandra Mandic and 242 метра живота (242 Meters of Life) by author Novica Savic. The films deal with a number of issues: the economic aspects of guest workers’ lives, their liminal character, the issues of the second and third generations of guest workers, going away “temporarily” to work, and religious rituals. Even though the films were made recently, they all follow the lives of Vlach and Serbian, or rather Yugoslav guest workers who left to find temporary work abroad in Western Europe in the 1960’s and 1970’s. This serves the purpose of avoiding to deal with contemporary reasons for emigrating from Serbia and thus the possible critiques of current regimes or policies in power at the time the films were made.
The Narrative Reproduction of Contemporary Montenegrin Identity in The Process of Euroatlantic Intergrations (Part II)
Authors: Banović Branko
Published: November 2016

If we conceptualize reality as a large narrative we “build ourselves into” as social beings, and consider social activities and identities as narratively mediated,  the full extent of the capacity of narratives in the creation, shaping, transmission and reconstruction of contemporary social identities, as well as the reproduction of the concept of nation in everyday life becomes apparent. The imagined Euro- Atlantic future of Montenegro demands certain narrative interpretations of the past, which, in latter stages tend to become meta-narratives susceptible to consensus.  The linkage of significant historical events to the process of Euro-Atlantic integrations of Montenegro is preformed through different meta-discursive practices, most often through ceremonial evocations of memories of significant events from the recent as well as further history of Montenegro. In this context, celebrations of Statehood Day and Independence Day are especially important, as they serve as reminders of the decisions of the Congress of Berlin, the Podgorica Assembly, the antifascist struggle of World War II and the independence of Montenegro attained through the referendum held in 2006. The clearly defined key points, along with the logical coherence the narrative is based on, provide the narrative with a certain “flexibility” which enables it to take in new elements. Narrative interpretations of the past have a significant role in the reproduction of the nation, as well as the shaping and consolidation of a desirable national identity, while the established narrative continuity between the past, present and imagined Euro-Atlantic future of Montenegro emerges as the “official” mediator in the reproduction of contemporary Montenegrin identity in the process of Euro-Atlantic integrations. In order to fully comprehend this narrative, it is advisable to conceptualize it both in a synchronic as well as a diachronic perspective, as can be shown in two charts which, depending on the context, I have tentatively named “the sovereignty graph” (wherein the “end” of the narrative is a prerequisite for the beginning of Euro-Atlantic integrations) and “the identity graph” (wherein Euro-Atlantic integrations are conceptualized as a dialectic equilibrium of independence and non-independence).
What Kind of Archaeology do We Need?
Authors: Babić Staša
Published: November 2016

From the time of the constitution of archaeology as an academic discipline to the present, two radical changes have taken place of theoretical postulates, aims, methods, relationships with other disciplines. However, potentially far-reaching consequences of these fundamental changes have not had the same impact in all the academic communities. The critical assessment of the epistemological foundations of archaeology in Serbia indicates that our professional community has remained resistant to the large extent to the paradigm changes in the wider disciplinary surrounding, so the culture-historical approach still prevails, even though it was severely criticized as early as by the middle of the 20th century. Facing this significant delay raises many important questions, starting by the issue of selection among various, sometimes mutually conflicting theoretical approaches, being a part of archaeological research for several decades and implying certain consequences in terms of methodological aspects of the discipline. Partial, non-critical and insufficiently theoretically informed borrowing of individual elements of research may lead to equally bad results as the total rejection of influences from other archaeological environments. It is therefore necessary to bring into the discipline the comprehension of the social responsibility of archaeologists, the importance of the academic narratives we produce and the ways of their creation.
Ancient Egypt in our Cultural Heritage?
Authors: Vasiljević Vera
Published: November 2016

Inspiration derived from ancient Egypt is usually expressed through the Egyptian motifs in arts and popular culture of the 19th and 20th centuries, as well as through the non-scientific interpretations of the culture, very much based upon the Renaissance ones. The number and variety of material and non-material traces of this fascination are most expressed in the countries where, along with the early support for the institutional development of Egyptology, there existed economically potent educated middle classes (Western and Central Europe, USA), but may also be traced elsewhere. The public fascination by ancient Egypt has not ceased by the times of foundation of Egyptology, marked by the decipherment of the hieroglyphic script in 1822. Until the end of the 20th century Egyptologists have rarely dealt with the prelude to their discipline, limiting their interest to the critical approach to ancient sources and to noting the attempts to interpret the hieroglyphic script and the function of pyramids. However, the rising importance of the reception studies in other disciplines raised the interest of Egyptologists for the “fascination of Egypt”, thus changing the status of various modes of expressing “Egyptomania” – they have thus become a part of the cultural heritage, registered, documented, preserved and studied. The research of this kind is only beginning in Serbia. The line of inquiry enhances the knowledge of the scope, manifestations and roles of the interest in Egypt, not limited by the national or political borders.  On the other hand, the existence of the cultural heritage similar to the wider European view of ancient Egypt – short remarks by Jerotej Račanin, “Kandor” by Atanasije Stojković, the usage of architectural motifs derived from Egypt, the emergence of small private collections, to mention several early examples – all show that the research into the reception of ancient Egypt may contribute to the knowledge about the history and understanding of the complexity of the cultural life of Serbia.
Archaeology on Screen: Representing Archaeology on Film in Serbia
Authors: Bandović Aleksandar
Published: November 2016

Reading the popular culture may contribute to the reflexive view on a discipline such as archaeology. Film, as a part of popular culture, frequently unveils the hidden messages, which may be an echo of a discipline or its distorted image in the mirror. Film and archaeology share not only the common origins in the modernity, but also the imaginary spaces where the past and the present meet and intertwine. The subjects treated in films, the contexts in which archaeology appears, speak of the place the discipline holds in the society, reminding us at the same time of all the elements encompassed by the archaeological discourse.  On the other hand, if we compare the portraits of the imaginary archaeologists (such as Professor Mihajlo Pavlović, Vera Zarić), with the witnesses of archaeology in Serbia over the 20th century (Nikola Vulić, Dragoslav Srejović, Milutin Garašanin), we shall approach the meeting point between academic and general public, science and the audience, theory and practice. Extraordinary individuals, unemployed dreamers living at the borders of the worlds, charming connoisseurs of the underworlds – these are but some of the qualities ascribed to the discipline by the films. However, these stereotypes do not generate out of the void, they are the consequence of the self-representation. This mystification of the discipline leads us back to the debate on the responsibility and ethics of the social scientists inside the society they live in. Of course, the suggested reading is one of the many possibilities, one of the archaeological interpretations.