bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outstanding toxicologist: professor Nikolay Vasilyevich Savateev (100th birth anniversary)
Authors: Sofronov Henrikh A. , Preobrazhenskaya Tatyana N. , Lutsyk Mikhail A. , Basharin Vadim A.
Published: November 2021

The main stages of labor, scientific, pedagogical, and social activities of a participant in the Great Patriotic War, laureate of the State Prize of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, honored worker of the higher school of the Russian Federation, doctor of medical sciences, professor, major general of the medical service, Nikolai Vasilyevich Savateeva, are considered. Biographical materials are presented on the formation of N.V. Savateev as an outstanding scientist and teacher, founder of the Department of Toxicology and Medical Protection at the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy. Main areas of scientific research personally carried out by Nikolai Vasilyevich, as well as groups that he led for many years, are covered. His interests included fundamental studies of the role of acetylcholine in the higher nervous activity function, mechanisms of toxic action of organophosphorus compounds and other neurotoxicants, and the search for antidote therapy for these compound poisoning. In 1967, he was awarded a State Prize of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics for developing and creating antidotes for organophosphorus toxic substances. Nikolai Vasilievich made a significant contribution to the military toxicology and medical protection formation as a training discipline and branch of military medical science. He was one of the first scientists worldwide to begin the study of biomedical consequences of chemical accidents and problems of environmental toxicology. In subsequent years, Nikolai Vasilievich was one of the initiators to develop the disaster medicine problem. The most important place in the activities of N.V. Savateev was occupied by training scientific and pedagogical personnel, who continued the work of their teacher; many of them became well-known toxicologists in our country and abroad.
Choice of treatment method of obstructive jaundice in patients with tumors of the hepatopancreatobiliary region
Authors: Romashchenko Pavel N. , Maistrenko Nicolay A. , Kuznetsov Andrey I. , Pryadko Andrey S. , Aliev Arsen K.
Published: November 2021

The leading criteria for choosing minimally invasive surgical treatment of mechanical jaundice of tumor origin in the hepatopancreatobiliary zone are substantiated, which increase the effectiveness of surgical intervention and reduce the number of complications and mortality. The examination and surgical treatment results of 325 patients with mechanical jaundice of tumor origin, who underwent minimally invasive decompression of the biliary tract after clinical and laboratory diagnostics following national clinical recommendations, were analyzed. Based on the treatment results, the leading criteria that affect the selection of the method of minimally invasive drainage surgery are identified. The main criteria influencing the choice of minimally invasive intervention to decompress the bile ducts were as follows: level of bile duct block, severity of mechanical jaundice (according to the classification of E.I. Galperin), and the operability of the patient. Endoscopic stenting was the method of choice in inoperable cases at the level of block I with mechanical jaundice of classes A and B. Moreover, endoscopic stenting was the most successful intervention with a minimum number of complications in people with block II level. The indication for percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage was a level III biliary tract block, as well as the ineffectiveness of endoscopic stenting. Cholecystostomy is the safest and most effective in patients with block level I with class C mechanical jaundice and in operable cases with the same block level. In general, results of surgical interventions aimed at eliminating mechanical jaundice of tumor origin, conducted using modern examination methods of patients and taking into account the assessment of criteria such as the block level of the bile ducts, severity of mechanical jaundice, and general condition allow us to justify the choice of the most successful and safe option for its elimination.
Epidemiological aspects of the aortic valve pathology
Authors: Gordienko Alexander V. , Shikhverdiev Nizam N.
Published: November 2021

The dynamics of the structure of aortic valve pathology over the thirty-year (19912020) period of operation of the cardiac surgery hospital of the first department and the clinic of surgery for advanced training of doctors of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov is evaluated. 849 cases of aortic valve replacement were retrospectively studied (626 (74%) men, 223 (26%) women). The average age of the patients was 51.8 9.7 years. It was established that the main causes of aortic valve damage were rheumocarditis, calcified aortic stenosis, infectious endocarditis and congenital heart disease in the form of a bicuspid aortic valve. A significant decrease in the incidence of rheumatism as a cause of aortic malformation was revealed from 36% in the period from 1991 to 2000 to 13% in the period from 2011 to 2020. The frequency of calcified aortic stenosis during this period, on the contrary, increased from 30% to 70%, respectively. At the same time, the relationship between the increase in life expectancy of the population of the Russian Federation and the frequency of occurrence of calcified aortic stenosis is traced. This is due to a long asymptomatic period that characterizes the natural course of this pathology, as a result of which the clinical manifestations of this pathology manifest, as a rule, only in old age. During the study period, an increase in the average age of patients who needed aortic valve replacement was also noted. If in the last decade of the twentieth century. it was 41.5 years, then in the period from 2011 to 2020, the average age of patients who needed aortic valve replacement increased to 61.5 years. Thus, over the past thirty years, there has been a significant change in the structure of the pathology of the aortic valve. Calcified aortic stenosis has become the most common cause of prosthetics of aortic malformation, against the background of a significant decrease in the frequency of rheumatic genesis of aortic valve damage.
Professor Igor V. Prianikov
(08.04.1959-12.03.2021)
Authors: Petrova Marina V. , Luginina Elena  V.
Published: November 2021

On March 12, 2021, at 62 years of age, a member of the editorial colleague of the journal Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, a professor and a doctor of medical sciences Igor Valentinovich Pryanikov suddenly passed away.
Igor Valentinovich made an invaluable contribution to the development of intensive care and medical rehabilitation of patients with the consequences of serious diseases, injuries and lesions of the central nervous system, the organization of a state system of measures aimed at reducing disability and mortality rates in the Russian Federation.
On the question of the state of the cerebrospinal fluid with tabes dorsalis
Authors: Steinberg S. U.
Published: November 2021

Diagnostic significance of studies of cerebrospinal fluid in general and reactions of Nonne-Apelt'a, studies of pleocytosis and reaction of Wassermann'a in particular, have long won the rights of citizenship when clarifying the nature of most organic diseases of the nervous system, especially the diseases of syphilitic and parasyphilitic, including the last and tabes dorsalis.
Towards casuistic acromegal gigantism
Authors: Kapustin A. A.
Published: November 2021

The possibility of combining acromegaly and gigantism at the present time can be considered established; so, Massalongo in 1892, Dana in 1893, later Brissaud and Meige Waads Hutchinson quite definitely pointed to the relationship between acreomegaly and gigantism. M. Sternberg believes that in almost 40% of cases of gigantism there were manifestations of acromegaly; tѣm at least on some of the details in this area and for this time have stopped little, for example. on the hereditary-family character of the disease (cf. 2 cases of Bonardi and Schwonera).
Minutes of the III meeting of the Society on March 27, 1914
Authors: Darkshevich L.
Published: November 2021

Chaired by prof. Darkshevich under the secretary Voroshilov. Attended by: prof. Osipov, prof. Mislavskiy, prof. Tonkov, prof. Dobrovolskiy, Nikolaev, Idelson, Osipova, Donskov, Bulkryltsev, Baklushinskiy, Levchatkin, Arnstein, Chirkovskiy, Zaytsev.
Estimated income and expenditure of the Society of Neuropathologists and Psychiatrs for 1915
Authors: Baklushinsky I. D.
Published: November 2021

Estimated income and expenditure of the Society of Neuropathologists and Psychiatrs for 1915.
On the question of operative interventions in epilepsia partialis continua
Authors: Steinberg S. U.
Published: November 2021

For the first time, surgical intervention for epilepsia partialis continua with the aim of scooping up the affected center was applied in the Kazan clinic of nervous diseases in a year.
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Al Tarjamah Al Fauriyah dalam Meningkatkan Maharah Al Qira’ah Mahasiswa Semester 6 Pendidikan Bahasa Arab UIN Sunan Kalijaga Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Fuadah Salimatul
Published: November 2021

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah adanya hasil observasi dan wawancara dari mahasiswa yang sudah menempuh mata kuliah Al-Tarjamah Al-Fauriyah, bahwa pembelajaran ini sangatlah dapat membantu mahasiswa dalam meningkatkan Maharah Al-Qira’ah beserta banyak menambah wawasan dalam segi mufradat dan gramatika Qira’ah bagi mahasiswa. Adanya proses pembelajaran ini dapat meningkatkan kemauan dan dorongan untuk bisa menguasai bacaan maupun teks berbahasa Arab yang disediakan oleh dosen pengampu. Karena itu, dibutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan tujuan penelitian mengetahui bagaimana proses pembelajaran Al-Tarjamah Al-Fauriyah serta keefektivitasan pembelajaran Al-Tarjamah Al-Fauriyah dengan adanya peningkatan Maharah Al-Qira’ah mahasiswa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan uji Paired-Samples Test melalui software SPSS 16.0. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan sebelum dan sesudah menerima materi. Perbedaan ini dapat dilihat dari hasil nilai rata-rata pre-test sebesar 76,52 sedangkan hasil nilai rata-rata post-test sebesar 83,81. Hasil nilai rata-rata terakhir sebesar 83,81 yang menyatakan bahwa pembelajaran ini berjalan sangat efektif, hasil N gain sebesar 0,9 yang menyatakan efektif, karena N gain 0,7, dan diperkuat dengan tanggapan beberapa mahasiswa berjalan secara efektif. Sedangkan hasil Uji “t” nilai pre-test dan post-test menghasilkan nilai Sig. (2-tailed) 0,001 kurang dari 0,05 yang artinya bahwa Ha diterima. Dapat ditarik kesimpulan dari hasil analisis semua data, menunjukkan bahwa mata kuliah pilihan Al-Tarjamah Al-Fauriyah bukan mata kuliah pilihan semata, tetapi mata kuliah ini layak untuk ditempuh bagi mahasiswa semester 6 karena berjalan dengan cukup efektif dan dapat meningkatkan Maharah Al-Qira’ah mahasiswa Pendidikan Bahasa Arab UIN Sunan Kalijaga.
Pengembangan Buku Ajar Bahasa Arab Komunikatif untuk Mahasiswa Program Studi Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Rahmawati Eka Dewi
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar bahasa Arab berbasis Komunikatif yang ditujukan pada mahasiswa Ekonomi Syariah. Bahan ajar ini dikembangkan demi terpenuhinya tujuan utama dalam berbahasa menurut pendekatan komunikatif, yaitu untuk berkomunikasi. Berdasarkan observasi awal yang dilakukan, diketahui bahwa bahan ajar yang digunakan sebelumnya belum berbasis Komunikatif. Pengembangan bahan ajar ini juga bertujuan mengembangkan kompetensi komunikasi berbahasa Arab mahasiswa yang disesuaikan dengan bidangnya, dalam penelitian ini pengembangan bahan Ajar komunikatif disesuaikan dengan bidang perekonomian. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil setelah dilakukannya penelitiani adalah bahan ajar Bahasa Arab berbasis Komunikatif ini layak digunakan untuk pembelajaran mata kuliah bahasa Arab Program Studi Ekonomi Syari’ah berdasarkan pada  hasil rata-rata penilaian validator ahli materi Ekonomi Syariaah, ahli bahasa dan ahli desain. Produk bahan ajar ini diharapkan dapat membantu mahasiswa dalam memahami bahasa Arab dan menggunakannya dalam berkomunikasi khususnya pada bidang Ekonomi Syariah.
Breathe Easy, There's an App for That: Using Information and Communication Technology to Avoid Air Pollution in Bogotá
Authors: Blackman Allen , Hoffmann Bridget
Published: November 2021

Ambient air pollution is a leading cause of death in developing countries. In theory, using smartphone apps, text messages, and other personal information and communication technologies to disseminate real-time information about such pollution can boost avoidance behavior like wearing face masks and closing windows. Yet evidence on their effectiveness is limited. We conduct a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the impact of training university students in Bogotá, Colombia to use a newly available municipal government smartphone app that displays real-time information on air quality. The training increased participants acquisition of information about air quality, their knowledge about avoidance behavior, and their actual avoidance behavior. It also enhanced their concern about other environmental issues. These effects were moderated by participants characteristics. For example, the training was generally less effective among job holders.
Importancia de los interferones tipo I en la respuesta inmune antiviral contra el Virus del Papiloma Humano
Authors: Peña-López Brigitte Ofelia , Rincón-Orozco Bladimiro , Romero-Bohórquez Arnold R.
Published: November 2021

Los interferones (IFNs) son citoquinas fundamentales en la modulación de la inmunidad innata y adaptativa del hospedero, el papel de los IFNs tipo I en el control de la infección por el Virus del Papiloma Humano (VPH) es crucial para una eficiente respuesta antiviral del huésped. Esta revisión profundiza sobre las funciones de los IFNs tipo I en la infección causada por el VPH y los mecanismos de evasión de este virus para inactivar los IFNs tipo I, todos estos mecanismos necesarios para el desarrollo y progresión de lesiones malignas en los tejidos infectados por el VPH.
Effect of Contact Lenses on Contrast Sensitivity under Various Lighting Conditions
Authors: Mahjoob Monireh , Heydarian Samira
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To assess contrast sensitivity in clear and colored soft contact lenses under different lighting conditions.
Methods: This study was performed on 34 medical students. Visual acuity was measured using a tumbling E chart at a distance of 6 m, and contrast sensitivity was determined by Pelli Robson chart at a distance of 1 m. These tests were repeated in mesopic (3 lux) and glare (2000 lux) conditions. Then, a clear contact lens was applied to one eye and a colored contact lens was applied to the other. After 2 hr, visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were measured for each individual. The results were compared with and without contact lenses under normal, mesopic, and glare conditions.
Results: The mean refractive error was 0.44 ± 0.20 diopters. Repeated measures ANOVA showed a decline in contrast sensitivity with colored and clear contact lenses as compared to no-lens condition (P < 0.001). Additionally, lighting conditions had a significant impact on contrast sensitivity (P < 0.001); contrast sensitivity was lower in mesopic and glare conditions than under normal lighting condition.
Conclusion: In addition to the drop in contrast sensitivity under unusual lighting conditions (e.g., glare and mesopic), wearing soft contact lenses can further reduce contrast sensitivity in different lighting conditions. Therefore, people who wear contact lenses should be aware of this reduction in visual performance in conditions like driving at night or in the fog.
Outcomes of Phaco-viscocanalostomy in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma versus Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma
Authors: Azaripour Ebrahim , Khakpour Yaser , Soltani-Moghadam Reza , Moravvej Zahra , Medghalchi Abdolreza , Behboudi Hassan , Alizadeh Yousef , Soltanipour Soheil , Kianmehr Shila
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Viscocanalostomy represents an alternative to standard penetrating glaucoma surgery. The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of combined phacoemulsification and viscocanalostomy in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) versus eyes with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG).
Methods: In this prospective non-randomized comparative study, eyes with cataract and POAG or PEXG were enrolled. Pre- and postoperative data including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and the number of antiglaucoma medications administered were recorded at each visit. All patients underwent phacoviscocanalostomy. Complete success was defined as the IOP of 21 mmHg or less without the administration of medication while a qualified success reported the same IOP parameters either with or without the administration of medication.
Results: Fifty-four eyes with POAG and fifty-four with PEXG underwent phacoviscocanalostomy. The mean follow-up time was 23.36 ± 8.8 months (range, 6–40 months). The mean postoperative IOP reduced significantly in both groups, although the mean IOP reduction was significantly greater in PEXG eyes (14.7 ± 8.9 vs 10.1 ± 7.7 mmHg) (P = 0.05). At the final follow-up visit, the mean postoperative IOP was 14.1 ± 2.1 and 16.6 ± 3.5 mmHg in the PEXG and POAG eyes, respectively (P = 0.001). A complete success rate of 88.9% and 75.9% was achieved in PEXG and POAG eyes, respectively (P = 0.07). The qualified success rate was 100% in the PEXG and 85.2% in POAG groups (P = 0.03).
Conclusion: Phacoviscocanalostomy achieved significant IOP reduction and visual improvement in both POAG and PEXG patients. Our results indicated that in terms of IOP reduction, this procedure was more effective in treating PEXG.
INVENTÁRIO DE EMISSÕES VEICULARES DO MUNICÍPIO DE MANAUS
Authors: Pinheiro Clairon Lima , Rocha Kevin Lucas Silva da , Santos Dianna Grandal dos
Published: November 2021

Um inventário de emissões é útil para estudar as emissões gasosas em uma áreadurante um período. Com ele pode-se identificar fontes de emissão e, assim, propor estratégiasde controle da qualidade do ar. Este trabalho apresenta um inventário de emissões veicularespara Manaus. As fontes foram veículos divididas em: automóveis (A), comerciais leves (CL),veículos pesados (VP) e motocicletas (M). Nos cálculos do inventário, considerou-se: tipo decombustível, idade da frota e distância anual média percorrida. Os automóveis a gasolinaapresentaram emissões de monóxido de carbono (CO), aldeídos e óxidos de nitrogênio (NOx)de 11.294; 16,4 e; 4.274 ton/ano, respectivamente. Nos CL a gasolina, a emissão dehidrocarbonetos (HC) foi de 178 ton/ano. As motos tiveram emissões expressivas de CO e HCcom 1.829 e 178 ton/ano, respectivamente. Os VP tiveram as maiores emissões de NOx e MP(material particulado). Estas informações são úteis no estudo de dispersão atmosférica e paraórgãos ambientais.
Frequency, territorial distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella spp. on bovine cattle feces from the Altos Sur region of Jalisco State, Mexico
Authors: Navarro Villarruel Claudia Luz , Ibarra Velázquez Luz María , Diosdado Rojas Joel David , Madriz Elisondo Ana Luisa , Cardona López Marco Antonio , Varela Hernández Juan José , Silva Sánchez Jesús , Arvizu Medrano Sofía María , Padilla Frausto J. Jesús
Published: November 2021

Multidrug resistance is a global public health problem. In 2017, in Mexico, Salmonella caused 192,771 foodborne zoonosis cases. Sonora, Hidalgo, Mexico State and Jalisco have reports of multi-resistant Salmonella strains in chicken and beef carcasses in slaughterhouses; however, the prevalence in livestock herds is unknown. From January 2012 to October 2013, 144 diarrheal stool samples were collected from bovine hatchlings from the Altos Sur region of the Jalisco State. As a result, the presence and serotype of Salmonella was determined, as well as the antibiotic resistance profile, and the genetic relationship, using PFGE. The Salmonella prevalence was 4.16 % (6/144) in feces, identifying the serotypes Anatum, Pullorum, Poona, Typhi, Gallinarum and Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae. All the strains showed resistance to ampicillin, cephalothin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and some of them, additionally, to amikacin, cefotaxime and/or ceftriaxone. In addition, the persistence and potential spread of two Salmonella Anatum strains was discovered in one herd. This is the first study conducted in neonate bovine in the Jalisco State, Mexico, to detect multidrug resistant Salmonella. Continuous monitoring of multi-drug resistance in animal biota for human food and ongoing training of veterinary doctors are key elements for efficient prophylaxis and antimicrobial pharmacotherapy.
Multimedia Open Educational Resource Materials for Teaching-Online Diversity and Leadership: Aligning Bloom’s Taxonomy and Studio Habits of Mind
Authors: Johnston Elizabeth , Burleigh Cheryl , Rasmusson Xeno , Turner Patrick , Valentine Drena , Bailey Liston
Published: November 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore, develop, test, and refine processes to incorporate meaningful and equitable use of open educational resources (OER) in online classrooms. Method: The intent of this qualitative study was to use an action research process of interactive discussions between higher education practitioners to shape collective understanding of how to teach in an online learning environment using OER. Results: The study resulted in the identification six exemplar learning opportunities which could be incorporated into the blended pedagogical model. Each exemplar OER included all four types of knowledge as defined by Bloom's taxonomy and required skills of observe and envision as defined in the Studio Habits of Mind (SHoM). A second criteria for our purposive selection was that each exemplar could be used to teach in multiple contexts for multiple purposes across a spectrum of higher education online courses. Conclusion: This study reminds us that educators need a new mindset to work with multimedia and visual resources. The blended pedagogical model provides scaffold teaching and learning opportunities that were not visible in either Bloom's taxonomy or SHoM alone. This blended pedagogical model scaffolds the “how” when using a visual approach to curriculum development that may enrich the learning experiences of students when presented in online higher education classrooms. Implication for Practice: Educators might replicate this study or transfer findings for purposes of comparing and testing further the use of OER in their online higher education classes to further engage student learning. Applying new understanding in a project that is shared with the larger learning group is essential as students understand and begin to own new skills and insights. The blended pedagogical model presented in this paper could be helpful to educators to maximize the benefits from the integration of technology and OERs to support online higher education.
Metáforas de la guerra en textos de divulgación sobre la pandemia
Authors: Cisneros Estupiñan Mireya , Muñoz Dagua Clarena
Published: November 2021

Los textos publicados en medios periodísticos se constituyen en orientadores en un tema de alcance mundial. Este artículo se enfoca en la conceptualización bélica de la COVID-19, con base en analogías fundamentadas en el desorden, la decadencia y la invasión, las cuales en su composición corroboran cómo los conceptos sobre los que se construyen estos textos reflejan una forma de mirar la sociedad, replicarla e instalarla en el cuerpo humano. Nuestra reflexión se fundamenta en metáforas seleccionadas de textos de periodismo científico publicados en internet entre marzo y septiembre del 2020, los cuales reformulan información compleja para acercarla a un público amplio y no especializado. Hacemos énfasis en las posibilidades que ofrecen las representaciones metafóricas para ver un concepto en términos de otro y,al mismo tiempo, llamamos la atención sobre el uso reiterativo de imágenes bélicas en las que priman ideas sobre batallas, armas, defensas y ataques, que evidencian cómo el discurso de la autoridad y el control subyace y se instala en la metáfora que infunde temor.
Análisis sísmico espectral de tanques cilíndricos verticales de acero
Authors: Saint-Felix-López Nelson , Álvarez-Deulofeu Eduardo-Rafael , Candebat-Sánchez Dario
Published: November 2021

Se analizan los resultados de la respuesta dinámica de un tanque cilíndrico de acero, ubicado en la zona sur-oriental de Cuba; sometido a excitación sísmica horizontal, a partir del desarrollo de diferentes modelos de cálculo; tomando como referencia el código de diseño API 650 del 2013 y los parámetros que caracterizan el peligro sísmico de la República de Cuba, establecidos en la NC 46:2017. En la investigación se desarrollan dos modelos matemáticos de cálculo; uno simplificado basado en el sistema mecánico equivalente descrito por Housner en 1963 y otro complejo, el cual integra la técnica de los elementos finitos y el método del análisis modal espectral, con la ayuda del software profesional SAP2000, v.22.0 Al analizar los resultados se concluye que, (1) los valores de períodos en tanques son elevados debido a las oscilaciones del fluido almacenado, (2) existe concordancia entre el método analítico, especificado en API. 650, y los modelos computacionales basados en elementos finitos, (3) el modelo desarrollado a partir de elementos finitos, corrobora la existencia de deformaciones en la parte baja de las paredes del tanque, conocidas como “pata de elefante” y “punta de diamante”, así como, pandeo en la parte superior de la pared lateral del tanque, causado por el efecto del oleaje y (4) de acuerdo con las relaciones de aspecto tenidas en cuenta (H/R), en las cuales el radio es constante, el período del modo convectivo disminuye su valor, en la medida que disminuye dicha relación de aspecto; tornándose el modo impulsivo menos dominante.
Estandarización del proceso de perforación y voladura en labores de exploración y desarrollo, mediante la aplicación de emulsiones y detonadores no eléctricos, en la Unidad Minera Santa Filomena de la Empresa Sotrami S.A.
Authors:   , Noreña Vasquez Erle Neptalí
Published: November 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación busca implementar una metodología de diseño de mallas de perforación y voladura en la empresa Minera Sotrami S.A, perteneciente al rubro de pequeña minería, con fines de estandarizarlo. La ejecución de dicha investigación se realiza mediante la utilización del algoritmo matemático de Holmberg que permite definir un modelo numérico para el diseño de una malla de perforación, y con la consideración de criterios operacionales encontrar una malla técnica que permita mejorar los rendimientos en las labores de exploración y desarrollo. Para el logro del mismo, se consideró como variable fija el tipo de roca (tipo III A) y las características geomecánicas presentes en ella; el diámetro del taladro de perforación como variable fija; y, el tipo de explosivo y accesorio de voladura como cambiantes, ya que se reemplazó la utilización de guías, mecha de seguridad y dinamita por el empleo de detonadores no eléctricos (Exaneles) y emulsiones encartuchadas. La oportuna y pertinente estandarización del proceso de perforación y voladura permitió obtener los siguientes resultados: el avance por disparo pasó a 1.62 m, el factor de carga se redujo a 13.46 kg/m y el factor de potencia disminuyo considerablemente.
Edukacja europejska w nauczaniu podstaw przedsiębiorczości
Authors: Rojewska Marta
Published: November 2021

połeczeństwo polskie o edukacji europejskiej wie stosunkowo niewiele, stąd też często formułowane jest w dyskursie publicznym wezwanie do wprowadzania do polskiej szkoły tak zwanej edukacji europejskiej, która z jednej strony miałaby być edukacją „o Europie”, z drugiej zaś edukacją „dla Europy”. O ile ta pierwsza nie wymaga wyjaśnienia swojego celu, o tyle druga już tak: ma to być nauczanie ukierunkowane na wykształcenie postaw proeuropejskich. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest wykazanie, iż edukacja europejska może i powinna być elementem nauczania przedmiotu podstawy przedsiębiorczości w szkole ponadpodstawowej, choć nie jest to przewidziane jej podstawą programową. W części pierwszej przeanalizowane zostały argumenty świadczące o zasadności uwzględnienia elementów edukacji europejskiej w treściach nauczania podstaw przedsiębiorczości, w tym poparte analizą podstawy programowej kształcenia ogólnego dla liceum ogólnokształcącego i technikum. W części drugiej pojawiła się syntetyczna analiza treści „europejskich”, jakie mogą lub powinny być zrealizowane w ramach tego przedmiotu. Część trzecia została natomiast poświęcona metodom, środkom i narzędziom, jakie mogą być użyte w czasie „lekcji europejskich” na lekcjach przedsiębiorczości.
„Equity crowdfunding” w perspektywie sektora MŚP
Authors: Biela Michał
Published: November 2021

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest prezentacja założeń teoretycznych oraz praktycznej implementacji equity crowdfundingu w perspektywie europejskiego sektora MŚP. W artykule ukazano, w jaki sposób przebiega komunikacja podczas kampanii crowdfundingowej pomiędzy podmiotami biorącymi w niej udział oraz przedstawiono kluczowe mechanizmy wchodzące w skład procesu związanego z pozyskiwaniem kapitału przy pomocy equity crowdfundingu. Analizie poddano również to, w jaki sposób equity crowdfunding może być odpowiedzią na wyzwania stojące przed europejskim sektorem MŚP w zakresie pozyskiwania kapitału oraz deficytu innowacyjności w obliczu słabnącej koniunktury gospodarczej. W artykule jako metodę badawczą zastosowano analizę treści, której implementacja umożliwiła analizę istniejącej literatury przedmiotu.
LITERATURE REVIEW: SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF VDRL AND RPR AS SCREENING TESTS OF SYPHILIS IN PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: Kadarusman Tamara Audrey , Thirafi Sacharissa Zerlina Tsarwah , Bangsa Niki Kusuma , Widyatama Rufina Adelia , Nugroho Lutfi Dewanda , Surya Prima Ardiansah , Lestari Pudji
Published: November 2021

Early detection of syphilis, especially during pregnancy, is important to prevent comorbidities for the mother and the baby. This study aims to determine whether VDRL is more sensitive and specific than RPR as a diagnostic screening test for syphilis infection in pregnant women. Literature searches for relevant articles were conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, and Proquest using the keywords "VDRL AND RPR AND pregnancy AND syphilis". From the search results, we found 7 articles in Pubmed, 2.290 articles in Proquest, and no relevant articles were found in Cochrane. Title and abstracts were screened for their conformity with the case and clinical questions that had been made. Selected articles were then critically appraised. The results of the study in selected articles indicated that VDRL and RPR showed a false positives rate of 10.5% and 9.6%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of VDRL were 71.6% and 89.5%, and those of RPR were 73.5% and 90.5%. VDRL and RPR have a moderate agreement with the TPHA (kappa = 0.6). From these studies it can be concluded that VDRL is not more sensitive and specific than RPR, implying that RPR is a better diagnostic screening test for syphilis infection in pregnant women than VDRL.
Proses Sosialisasi dan Komunikasi Planned Organizational Change PTAM Giri Menang kepada Karyawan
Authors: Panggita Andariesta Adhani
Published: November 2021

Suatu perubahan dapat terjadi dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan masyarakat, tidak terkecuali pada ranah organisasi. Perubahan yang terjadi pada suatu organisasi pun tidak serta merta hanya berdampak pada lingkup eksternal saja. Namun, perubahan yang terjadi juga sangat berpengaruh di dalam lingkup internal suatu organisasi yang mengalami perubahan. Pada tahun 2020 lalu, PT. Air Minum Giri Menang yang sebelumnya merupakan perusahaan berbasis Perusahaan Daerah harus berubah menjadi sebuah perusahaan daerah berbasis Perseroan Terbatas (PT). Perubahan tersebut memberikan dampak yang signifikan di dalam internal perusahaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran bagaimana komunikasi internal PTAM Giri Menang dalam Mensosialisasikan Perubahan Organisasi PTAM Giri Menang kepada Karyawan. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perubahan pada perusahaan PTAM Giri Menang yang berdampak pula terhadap perubahan internal perusahaan. Perubahan tersebut dikategorikan sebagai Planned Organizational Change. Perubahan tersebut memunculkan perbedaan makna yang dipahami oleh para karyawan. Muncul reaksi-reaksi karyawan khususnya pada karyawan lama atas dan berdampak pada restrukturasi karyawan. Sehingga, terjadi pula perbedaan strategi yang dilakukan oleh tim manajemen dalam mengkomunikasikan dan mensosialisasikan perubahan organisasi tersebut.
Hubungan Antara Pengetahuan Lingkungan dengan Perilaku Siswa SMKN di Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara
Authors: Rahman Arif , Adyatma Sidharta , Setiawan Faisal Arif
Published: November 2021

Pentingnya menjaga kelestarian lingkungan salah satu bentuk kesadaran siswa di lingkungan sekolah. Berperilaku peduli lingkungan dalam pengelolaan lingkungan sangat dipengaruhi oleh peran siswa yang memiliki pengetahuan lingkungan tinggi maupun rendah. Tujuan peneliti dalam penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan lingkungan dan perilaku peduli lingkungan siswa SMKN di Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara, untuk menganalisis pengetahuan lingkungan berhubungan atau tidak dengan perilaku siswa SMKN di Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara, dan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan lingkungan dan perilaku peduli lingkungan siswa antara siswa SMKN 02 Banjarmasin dengan siswa SMKN 04 Banjarmasin terdapat perbedaan atau tidak. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kuantitatif dan komparatif. Penelitian ini memiliki populasi sebesar 980 siswa dengan jumlah sampel 328 sampel siswa. Analisis penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis persentase, analisis uji Korelasi Product Pearson Moment, dan analisis uji Independent Sample T-test. Dilakukannya penelitian oleh peneliti memiliki hasil yang menyatakan pengetahuan lingkungan siswa SMKN di Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara masih tergolong tinggi, perilaku peduli lingkungan siswa SMKN di Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara tergolong baik, hubungan variabel bebas pengetahuan lingkungan tidak signifikan dengan variabel terikat perilaku peduli lingkungan siswa SMKN di Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara, dan hasil uji tingkat perbedaan menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan pengetahuan dan perilaku peduli lingkungan antara siswa SMKN 02 Banjarmasin dengan siswa SMKN 04 Banjarmasin.
Persepsi Guru Geografi Mengenai Pemanfaatan Aplikasi Pembelajaran Daring Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Di SMA/MA Se Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara
Authors: Azizah Tsara Fairuz , Hastuti Karunia Puji , Rahman Akhmad Munaya
Published: November 2021

Aplikasi pembelajaran daring dimanfaatkan oleh guru untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran secara daring yang semula pembelajaran dilakukan secara konvensional (tatap muka) berubah menjadi daring karena adanya pandemi COVID-19. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis persepsi guru mengenai pemanfaatan aplikasi daring sebagai media pembelajaran daring di SMA/MA se Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 13 orang guru geografi SMA/MA se Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara. Data dikumpulkan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada 13 guru geografi SMA/MA se Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara. Analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan skala likert yaitu persentasi tabulasi untuk menganalisis dan mengukur tingkat persepsi guru geografi mengenai pemanfaatan aplikasi pembelajaran sebagai media pembelajaran daring di SMA/MA se Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pemanfaatan aplikasi pembelajaran daring terhadap guru geografi SMA/MA se Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara termasuk dalam kategori tinggi yaitu 71%. Pelaksanaaan pembelajaran secara konvensional berubah menjadi secara daring. Aplikasi pembelajaran sudah pernah digunakan guru sebelum adanya pandemic COVID-19 dengan metode Blended Learning, kemudian dengan adanya pandemi COVID-19 dan kebijakan pemerintah untuk melakukan pembelajaran secara jarak jauh (daring) maka pembelajaran dialihkan  sepenuhnya secara E-Learning. Kekurangan pembelajaran secara daring (E-Learning) berupa penggunaan aplikasi yang sangat bergantung dengan jaringan internet, sulitnya mengontrol siswa, tidak efektifnya pembelajaran, dan hasil belajar siswa dari aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik tidak meningkat. Adanya pembelajaran daring guru dituntut kreatif dan paham aplikasi pembelajaran daring agar siswa tidak bosan dengan pembelajaran yang sepenuhnya dilakukan secara daring.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Booklet Materi Lapisan Atmosfer Kelas X di MAN 1 Murung Raya
Authors: Erwin Erwin , Rahman Akhmad Munaya , Saputra Aswin Nur
Published: November 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengembangan terhadap media pembelajaran booklet lapisan atmosfer. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah research and development (RnD) dengan menggunakan model 4D (four-D) yang tersusun atas empat tahap dimulai dari tahap define atau pendefinisian, diikuti oleh tahap design atau perancangan, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan tahap develop atau pengembangan, dan diakhiri dengan tahap disseminate atau penyebaran. Namun dalam penelitian ini tahap yang dilaksanakan hanya sebatas uji validasi produk yang terdapat tahap develop atau pengembangan. Uji validasi dilakukan oleh tim validasi ahli yang terdiri dari lima validator yakni tiga orang dari dosen pendidikan geografi Universitas Lambung Mangkurat dan dua orang guru mitra. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen atau angket yang berisi tentang beberapa poin yakni kelayakan terhadap isi, kelayakan terhadap penyajian, kelayakan terhadap bahasa,  kelayakan terhadap kegrafikan, dan saran dari validator. Hasil terhadap penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa validitas kelayakan isi 88,75%, kelayakan penyajian 93,33%, kelayakan bahasa 90%, dan kelayakan kegrafikan 99,56% dengan rata-rata validitas 90,74% dengan kriteria sangat valid.
Penerapan 3R (Reuse, Reduce, Recyle) Dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Di Kelompok Karang Lansia Sejahtera TPS Alalak Utara
Authors: Prayoga Prayoga , Angriani Parida , Arisanty Deasy , Alviawati Eva
Published: November 2021

Keadaan sampah yang telah menunjukan gejala serius terhadap pencemaran lingkungan khususnya di Kelurahan Alalak Utara, Kecamatan Banjarmasin Utara, Kota Banjarmasin, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Jenis sampah yang terdapat di TPS 3R Alalak Utara yaitu sampah organik dan sampah anorganik yang kemudian dikaitkan dengan penerapan 3R (Reuse, Reduse, Recyle). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis penerapan 3R (Reuse, Reduse, Recyle) dalam pengelolaan sampah di Kelompok Karang Lansia Sejahtera TPS Alalak Utara. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik statistik dari Dharma yang meliputi pengolahan dan penyajian data, melakukan berbagai perhitungan untuk mendeskripsikan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Kelompok Karang Lansia Sejahtera TPS Alalak Utara yang menjadi responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 50 responden, dalam keikutsertaan responden melakukan program penerapan kegiatan pelaksanaan 3R (Reuse, Reduce, Recycle), pengelolaan sampah, pengambilan manfaat, dan evaluasi yaitu sebanyak 50 responden atau 100%. Membuktikan bahwa anggota Kelompok Karang Lansia Sejahtera TPS Alalak Utara 100% menerapkan program 3R (Reuse, Reduce, Recycle), pengelolaan sampah, pengambilan manfaat, dan evaluasi, akan tetapi dari jumlah keikutsertaan atau kehadiran responden tidak merata dikarenakan oleh kendala atau kesibukan pribadi responden yang tidak menentu.
Foreign Terrorist Fighters as a Factor of Securitization of the EU Migration Policy
Authors: Potyomkina O.
Published: November 2021

The article analyzes the impact of the Foreign Terrorist Fighters’ (FTF) phenomenon on the securitization of the European Union’s migration policy. The author follows the construction of the FTF as a serious security threat to the European Union’s strategies and action plans, and demonstrates the EU’s practical actions to respond the threat: criminalization of “suspicious travel”, strengthening border security, preliminary screening of asylum seekers at the border. The article pays special attention to the EU plans to achieve compatibility of the European Union information systems, while emphasizing new opportunities for the law enforcement bodies to access migration databases for combating terrorism. Exploring the new EU integration plan for migrants, the author notes that this is for the first time that the European Commission focuses its efforts not only on migrants, but also on the EU citizens with “migratory background”, which is undoubtedly dictated by a fear of the extremist ideology influence on young people. The article exposes certain similarities between the Commission’s methods to coordinate integration and inclusion of migrants, reintegration of the FTF and their families, which indicates that the migration policy is becoming a part of the EU security policy. That leads to a conclusion that securitization of migration policy aims not only and not so much at preventing the potential threat of the returnees’ terrorist activities, but at curbing migration flows as a whole and reducing the number of asylum seekers, in particular. Nevertheless, terrorism and migration seem to be closely linked in public discourse, despite the absence of an empirical basis to conclude that these factors directly influence each other. The author considers the most difficult problem of modern migration policy to be the definition of the red line beyond which its securitization can be justified.
The Aegean Sea of Contradictions (Part II)
Authors: Gudev P.
Published: November 2021

The Aegean Sea as a common sea region for Greece and Turkey is not only an important source of aquatic biological and energy resources, but also a water area where both countries have their own interests in its economic development and use. Traditionally, this sea area, most of which is a high sea in terms of rules and provisions of the modern international maritime law, has been used by both states on a parity basis, and other extra-regional countries have had equal rights with them here. However, the desire of Greece and Turkey to extend their zones of sovereignty, sovereign rights and jurisdiction over maritime zones, seabed and subsoil has given rise to new maritime disputes. It is no coincidence that the problem of delimiting the continental shelf, i. e. the underwater margin of the continent where coastal countries are vested with rights to explore and exploit its resources, has accompanied the Turkish-Greek negotiations for decades. Greece has even initiated legal proceedings before the International Court of Justice on the issue, but for various reasons the Court found that it had no jurisdiction to hear the case. To date, the positions of the parties on this issue have not changed; they are directly opposite and mutually exclusive. This and other circumstances, as well as the fact that Turkey is not a party to either the 1958 Geneva Conventions or the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, severely limits the possibility of a new trial. Moreover, the legal positivism of the Greek position on the entire spectrum of Aegean Sea problems, i. e. an appeal solely to the applicable rules and provisions of international law of the sea, not only fails to satisfy Turkey but also has negative consequences for other countries. First of all, this concerns issues related to the freedom of navigation. Greece’s claim to extend the outer limits of its territorial sea from 6 to 12 nautical miles around the huge number of Greek islands in the Aegean Sea would inevitably lead to a significant reduction of the high sea. Although at a minimum the right of innocent passage and at a maximum the more liberal rule of the law of the sea – the right of transit passage – will apply, the legal regime for these maritime areas will be fundamentally different and more heavily regulated. The passage of merchant ships and warships, as well as the overflight of military aircraft, including those of any foreign country, also of the U.S. and Russian Federation, will not be as free as on the high seas. All of these issues are dealt with in this (second) part of the paper. Acknowledgements. The article was prepared within the project “Post-Crisis World Order: Challenges and Technologies, Competition and Cooperation” supported by the grant from Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation program for research projects in priority areas of scientific and technological development (Agreement № 075-15-2020-783).
REB indexes
Authors: Aukutsionek S. , Batyaeva A. , Dyomina N. , Egorov A. , Matveev A.
Published: November 2021

“REB indexes” cover a wide range of economic indicators of Russian industrial enterprises. The article presents basic statistical data collected on a monthly, quarterly and semi-annual base by the Russian Economic Barometer by means of direct questioning of managers of industrial and agricultural enterprises. Regular extension of rows allows seeing dynamics of more than 70 series of indicators and conducting comparative analysis of data collectedsince 1991.
A Fast Lightweight Based Deep Fusion Learning for Detecting Macula Fovea Using Ultra-Widefield Fundus Images
Authors: Wang Han , Yang Jie , Wu Yaoyang , Du Wencai , Fong Simon , Duan Yutong , Yao Xiaoping , Zhou Xiaoshu , Li Qingqian , Lin Chen , Liu Jiang , Huang Lina , Wu Feng
Published: November 2021

Macula fovea detection is a crucial prerequisite towards screening and diagnosing macular diseases. Without early detection and proper treatment, any abnormality involving the macula may lead to blindness. However, with the ophthalmologist shortage and time-consuming artificial evaluation, neither accuracy nor effectiveness of the diagnose process could be guaranteed. In this project, we proposed a deep learning approach on ultra-widefield fundus (UWF) images for macula fovea detection. This study collected 2300 ultra-widefield fundus images from Shenzhen Aier Eye Hospital in China. Methods based on U-shape network (Unet) and Fully Convolutional Networks (FCN) are implemented on 1800 (before amplifying process) training fundus images, 400 (before amplifying process) validation images and 100 test images. Three professional ophthalmologists were invited to mark the fovea. A method from the anatomy perspective is investigated. This approach is derived from the spatial relationship between macula fovea and optic disc center in UWF. A set of parameters of this method is set based on the experience of ophthalmologists and verified to be effective. Results are measured by calculating the Euclidean distance between proposed approaches and the accurate grounded standard, which is detected by Ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomograph (UWF-OCT) approach. Through a comparation of proposed methods, we conclude that, deep learning approach of Unet outperformed other methods on macula fovea detection tasks, by which outcomes obtained are comparable to grounded standard method.