bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IoT-Driven Innovations for Sustainable Resource Use and Waste Reduction
Authors: Sharanya C. , Radhakrishnan P. , Nirmalsingh N. , Ashwin Kumar D. R. , Cloudin S. , Robinson Joel M.
Published: December 2024

The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has become a crucial motivator for breakthroughs in sustainable resource usage and waste reduction. IoT solutions maximize resource usage across industries like manufacturing, urban infrastructure, and agriculture by facilitating real-time monitoring, data collection, and intelligent decision-making. Precision farming is aided by IoT-based agricultural systems that improve water management, minimize fertilizer use, and stop pesticide misuse. IoT devices are used in industrial applications to measure resource consumption, which results in less waste and more efficient energy use. IoT is used by smart cities to manage waste through automated waste collection systems and optimized recycling. All things considered, IoT-driven innovations help to reduce environmental impact and promote sustainable development by lowering waste, pollution, and needless resource usage. IoT sensors track material usage in sectors like construction to reduce waste and boost resource efficiency.
Application of MOS gas sensors for detecting mechanical damage of tea plants
Authors: Sun Yubing , Zheng Yutong
Published: December 2024

Mechanical damage of tea plant is a serious problem in tea production. This work employed metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), as an auxiliary technique, to detect tea plants with different types of mechanical damage in different severities. Various algorithms were applied. The results showed the uniformity of the results of gas sensors and GC-MS. While, it was hard for gas sensors to discriminate among tea plants with different types of mechanical damage. However, the feasibility of gas sensors for predicting the damage severity in different damaged types based on gas sensors was proven, which was more meaningful. Finally, multi-layer perceptron neural networks (MLPNN) was employed and the results showed that the correct discrimination accuracy rate for damage severity was 99.07% for the training set and 95.83% for the testing set, which indicated that MLPNN was an excellent algorithm for damage severity determination. This study provided a new technique for mechanical damage of tea plant detection and was very meaningful for tea plant protection.
Correlation of distance walked in audio signal-modified shuttle walk test with six-minute walk test
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Rishi , Rai Richa Hirendra , Singla Rupak , Kumar Lokender , Ponath Sivan Nidhi Chandra
Published: December 2024

The literature review suggested that the audio signal-modified shuttle walk test (SWTSR) was equally reliable and valid when compared to the conventional shuttle walk test. A comparison of SWTSR with the six-minute walk test (6MWT), which is considered the gold standard in walk tests, allowed us to evaluate the SWTSR and determine its validity and reliability as an alternative or supplement to the 6MWT. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between the distances walked during a SWTSR and the 6MWT in healthy, normal adults. The study recruited 42 healthy normal adults who underwent 6MWT and SWTSR on the same day. The correlation was assessed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and agreement between the tests was assessed using a Bland-Altman plot. Additionally, the acceptability of the modified test in comparison to the 6MWT was assessed by the Likert scale. The distances walked (mean ± standard deviation) in the 6MWT and SWTSR were 693.8±58.3 and 951.4±139.7 m, respectively (Pearson’s correlation coefficient of 0.918). The distance covered by the study participants in the 6MWT and SWTSR showed a strong correlation with spirometry results. The SWTSR induced a greater physiological response compared to the 6MWT. The acceptability of the SWTSR was comparable to that of the 6MWT. The distance walked in the SWTSR shows a strong positive correlation with the 6MWT and has comparable acceptability with the 6MWT. The SWTSR may provide a better index of the patient’s ability for his activities of daily living and may be a better measure for studying exercise tolerance than the 6MWT in certain clinical settings.
Sandwich Technique and Amniotic Membrane Transplantation as an Effective Method in Repairing Corneal Perforations
Authors: Ciftci Mukaddes D. , Selver Ozlem B.
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE:

To evaluate effectiveness of human amniotic membrane (hAM) transplantation in patients with nontraumatic corneal perforation.

METHODS:

This retrospective chart review included the patients who underwent hAM transplantation with sandwich technique between March 2020 and January 2023 at Ege University Hospital, Turkey. Medical records of the patients including demographic data, best-corrected visual acuity that was measured with Snellen chart, detailed ophthalmological examination, and the need for additional surgical intervention after hAM transplantation were evaluated. Complications and anatomical and functional results were presented.

RESULTS:

A total 9 eyes of 9 patients with nontraumatic corneal perforations were evaluated between 2020 and 2023. Size of perforation was ≤3 mm in all the eyes. The mean age of the patients was 67.77 ± 15.52. Female-to-male ratio was 1/8. Sandwich technique was used in all patients for hAM transplantation. Five (55.55%) cases had infectious etiology and 4 (44.44%) of them had inflammatory etiology. Of the infectious corneal perforations, 3 (33.33%) were herpes simplex virus-induced neurotrophic keratopathy and 2 (22.22%) were bacterial keratitis. The mean residence time of the amniotic membrane on the ocular surface was 21 ± 8.05 days. Tectonic keratoplasty was needed in 1 (11.11%) eye. Corneal patch grafting was required in 1 (11.11%) eye. Evisceration was performed in 1 (11.11%) eye of a patient with no light perception who had no visual prognosis. Amniotic membrane detachment was observed in one patient as a surgical-related complication associated with hAM transplantation.

CONCLUSION:

hAM transplantation is one of the successful treatment methods in treatment of relatively small corneal perforation. Considering the difficulty of finding a donor cornea and the easier access to the amniotic membrane, it seems like a good alternative treatment to reduce or postpone the need for tectonic keratoplasty.
Validation of an Artificial Intelligence-based Tool – The Screening Corneal Objective Risk of Ectasia Integrated into Anterion for Detection of Corneal Ectasia/Risk of Ectasia
Authors: Raju Ramya S. , Raju C. V. Gopal
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE:

The purpose of this study was to validate the artificial intelligence-based Screening Corneal Objective Risk of Ectasia (SCORE) for the detection of corneal ectasia/risk of ectasia and to find the mean SCORE value in normal eyes.

METHODS:

This prospective observational study included 320 eyes of 160 patients undergoing screening for refractive surgery and keratoconus. All were subjected to Anterion (Heidelberg, Germany) corneal tomography. The maps were read by trained cornea specialists masked with respect to system-generated SCORE. The SCORE values were retrieved by another masked observer. The SCORE was labeled true positive if the eye was tomographically positive for ectasia/ risk of ectasia with or without clinical evidence of ectasia (i.e., clinician’s diagnosis as ectasia/ risk of ectasia) and SCORE was >/=0. The SCORE test was labeled as true negative if all the maps were normal and SCORE was <0. A false-positive test was where the eye was normal but SCORE was ≥0. A false-negative test was one tomographically there was definite evidence of ectasia/ risk; with or without clinical evidence of ectasia (i.e.,clinician's diagnosis as ectasia/ at risk of ectasia) but SCORE was <0. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated.

RESULTS:

The mean SCORE in normal eyes was −0.7 ± 0.6. Sensitivity was 83.3% and specificity was 80%. PPV and NPV were 46% and 96% respectively. In the keratoconus subgroup, specificity and PPV were 100%; sensitivity was 79% and NPV was 76.3%.

CONCLUSION:

SCORE in Anterion has moderate sensitivity and specificity for detection of ectasia/risk of ectasia. It performs best in the detection of corneal ectasia. It needs to be interpreted with caution.
Evaluation of OCTA-based Parameters in Full-thickness Macular Holes: A Prospective, Comparative, Interventional Study
Authors: Das Kalishankar , Bhunia Jit , Ganguly Purban , Ghosh Asim K. , Chatterjee Debadyuti , Bepari Sounak , Ayub Asif
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE:

This study aims to correlate optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)-based retinal microvasculature changes in cases of full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) before and after vitreoretinal surgery and its relation to patient’s visual recovery.

METHODS:

Data of 31 eyes with FTMH were evaluated preoperatively and post-operatively at 6, 12, and 24 weeks for OCTA parameters and compared.

RESULTS:

93.55% eyes (29 eyes) showed improvement in best-corrected visual acuity at 24 weeks. The mean foveal avascular zone (FAZ) significantly reduced from 0.41 ± 0.13 mm2 (preoperatively) to 0.25 ± 0.01 mm2 (postoperatively at 24 weeks). Mean preoperative vessel density (VD) in the superficial vascular plexus (SVP) progressively improved to 24.2% ± 2.2%, 25.2% ± 2.1% and 25.8% ± 2.3% at 6, 12, and 24 weeks respectively from 24.4% ± 2.1% preoperatively (P = 0.0, F = 5.1). The mean VD of foveal region in the SVP significantly improved (P < 0.0, F = 13.9) while that of the parafoveal region did not improve at 24 weeks (P = 0.3, F = 1.2) when compared with its preoperative status. The mean preoperative VD in the deep vascular plexus (DVP) was 20.2% ± 2.6%. It significantly improved at 6, 12, and 24 weeks (20.3% ± 2.4%, 21.8% ± 2.3% and 22.1% ± 2.2%, respectively; P = 0.0, F = 6.9). The mean VD of foveal region and parafoveal region in the DVP showed significant improvement when compared with its preoperative status (P < 0.0, F = 39.3, P < 0.0, F = 13.7).

CONCLUSION:

This study showed reduction in mean FAZ area and improvement in mean VD at SVP and DVP in the macula postoperatively. Routine perioperative OCTA-based documentation of macular vascularity in FTMH may throw a light in cases with anatomico-functional postoperative disparities in future.
Severe Psoriasiform Blepharitis Accompanying with Phthisis Bulbi
Authors: Güngör Kivanç , Seyyar Sevim A. , Soysal Gizem G. , Soysal Mehmet Ç. , Kanat Erhan
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study is to present a case of severe chronic blepharitis secondary to psoriasis in an eye that developed phthisis bulbi during the treatment of juvenile glaucoma. A 19-year-old male patient, who had been treated for bilateral juvenile glaucoma for many years and had phthisis bulbi in his left eye for the last 4 years, presented with the complaint of chronic eyelid inflammation in the same eye for 2 years. Examination revealed hyperemia, discharge, scaling, inflammation, and diffuse edema on the lower and upper eyelids. It was determined that she had been diagnosed with psoriasis by the dermatology clinic 3 years before her history. Psoriasis-like hyperplasia was observed in the lower eyelid biopsy. He was treated with topical periocular low potency steroid ointment (1% hydrocortisone). Clinicians should be vigilant about eyelid and eye involvement in psoriasis.
Project of optimization of the collection and exposition area “Syringarium” the “Оlexandria” State Dendrological Park of the NAS of Ukraine
Authors: Doiko Nataliia , Kryvdiuk Larisa , Dragan Nina , Sylenko Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of research of archival materials on the introduction of taxa of the genus Syringa in the “Оlexandria” State Dendrological Park of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine (Dendrological Park “Olexandria” NAS of Ukraine). Conventionally, two main stages of lilac introduction in the Dendrological Park “Olexandria” NAS of Ukraine were distinguished: the first stage – from the end of the 18th century until 1918 and the second stage – from 1946 until the present time.The laying of the monogarden “Syringarium” is considered to have appeared between 1948 and 1950. In 2021, the collection of “Syringarium” comprised two species, one artificial hybrid, and 37 cultivars and was represented by three age groups (i.e., I age group – 76 specimens of 19 cultivars; II age group – 90 specimens of 24 cultivars; III age group – 54 specimens of 15 cultivars).Considering over 70 years of lilac cultivation on one plot, it went through many difficulties, which resulted in changes in its diversity and a decrease in the quantitative composition of the collection. In particular, allelopathic soil fatigue caused significant weakening of plants and reduced their resistance to disease and pest damage. Therefore, there was a need to optimize the site of the “Syringarium” (i.e., partially replace the soil; re-root the plants on their own roots to extend their life; restore the varietal diversity by introducing the new cultivars, including those of Ukrainian selection, etc.). According to the project developed by the scientists of the Dendrological Park “Olexandria” NAS of Ukraine on optimization of the mono-garden “Syringarium”, it is planned to plant 91 specimens of 47 lilac. For the eco-educational purpose, it is also planned to create an area representing original lilacs species.
Elementele artei narative în teatrul muzical
Authors: Dalu Felicia
Published: December 2024

In this paper we have discussed a range of ideas and information that can be obtained from a musical script or score that can help us understand the text intimately as you prepare your role. But how you choose to use this information is a personal matter and will not be the same for any two actors or any two roles. Your job is to put the pieces together, like a detective, in a way that makes sense to you and agrees with the perspective of your particular production. Be careful that what you have done doesn’t simply confirm everything you wanted to feel about a role before you started the investigation. You may also find new information that could lead you to a performance you never would have imagined.
Jerzy Grotowski – via negativa
Authors: Ghimpu Anca Gabriela
Published: December 2024

In this article, we aim to provide a brief analysis of the concept of via negativa through which the renowned Polish artist and director Jerzy Grotowski articulates both his artistic view and the philosophy underlying his entire training of his acting method. This negatively formulated notion also serves as a practical research direction conducted in his theatrical laboratory. Our analysis begins with the religious implications of the term, extracts some consequences of the Grotowskian artistic vocabulary, and ends with some general observations regarding the essential features of the Polish theatre school and tradition.
Productivity of the cyanobacteria Spirulina platensis cultivated in the presence of a coordination compound with Sr(II)
Authors: NEDBALIUC Boris , CIOBANU Eugeniu , GRIGORCEA Sofia , URECHE Dumitru , COROPCEANU Eduard , BRÎNZĂ Lilia
Published: December 2024

Rezultatele experimentale prezentate în lucrare sunt axate pe analiza productivităţii tulpinii Spirulina platensis (Nordst.) Geitl – CALU – 835 cultivată pe mediul nutritiv Zarrouk și suplimentat cu un compus coordinativ al Sr(II). S-a stabilit că productivitatea spirulinei depinde mult de concentraţia compusului coordinativ testat. Cea mai înaltă productivitate a tulpinii Spirulina platensis s-a înregistrat în varianta experimentală suplimentată cu compusul coordinativ cu conţinut de Sr(II) în concentraţie de 1 mg/L, unde biomasă proaspătă acumulată a fost de 10,99 g/L, sau cu circa 4,86% mai mare decât cea acumulată de către martor.
Effect of paraprobiotics on the multiplication of probiotics in unconventional media
Authors: VASILE Mihaela-Aida , COTÂRLEȚ Mihaela , BAHRIM Gabriela-Elena
Published: December 2024

Cercetările au urmărit influența suplimentării cu paraprobiotice, obținute prin tratamentul combinat încălzire ohmică și tratament termic al suspensiei de celule a culturii probiotice Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MIUG BL21, înainte și după fermentarea unor medii neconvenționale (colostru bovin și izolat proteic din zer) cu cultura starter probiotică Lactiplantibacillus paraplantarum MIUG BL74. S-a urmărit multiplicarea probioticelor prin cultivarea în condițitii aerobe și anaerobe. Astfel, au fost obținute și testate 6 produse fermentate, 3 produse fermentate pe bază de colostru bovin (P1-P3) și 3 probe fermentate pe bază de izolat proteic din zer (P4-P6), prin suplimentare cu paraprobiotice înainte și la sfârșitul fermentării. Produsele fermentate au fost caracterizate din punct de vedere al dinamicii de acidifiere și al viabilității culturii Lactiplantibacillus paraplantarum MIUG BL74. În proba P2 (proba în care paraprobioticele s-au adăugat înainte de fermentarea mediului neconvențional, colostru bovin), s-a evidențiat cea mai bună viabilitate a culturii probiotice, prin cultivare în condiții aerobe și anaerobe, respectiv 10,49±0,20 log și 9,50±0,19 log. De asemenea, pentru proba P2 aciditatea titrabilă a înregistrat cea mai ridicată valoare, respectiv 138,75°Th. Mediul de fermentare neconvențional pe bază de colostru bovin s-a dovedit a fi benefic pentru multiplicarea culturii starter de probiotice, comparativ cu cel pe bază de izolat proteic din zer.
Waste recovery procedure for obtaining new products
Authors: DUCA Gheorghe , MEREUȚĂ Aliona
Published: December 2024

Problema tehnică propusă pentru prelucrarea deșeurilor din mase plastice constă în majorarea sortimentulul de materii prime şi soluţionarea problemei ecologice de utilizare complexă şi inofensivă a deşeurilor organice industriale şi menajere. Rezultatul tehnic al invenţiei este varianta de reciclare a deşeurilor nesortate de mase plastice (fără separarea polimerilor valoroşi de celelalte tipuri de polimeri) cu conţinut de corpuri străine şi utilizarea ulterioară a acestui material mărunţit în calitate de materie primă.
Safety Assessment RP188 Genetically Modified Soybean A5547-127
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: December 2024

Following the submission of application RP188 to the Food Standards Agency (FSA) under assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1829/2003 from BASF Plc (United Kingdom), FSA/FSS (Food Standards Scotland) have undertaken a safety assessment on genetically modified soybean A5547-127. To support the safety assessment by FSA/FSS, the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) provided advice to FSA/FSS on the data submitted for the renewal of authorisation for the genetically modified soybean A5547-127, as outlined in this document. The advice of the ACNFP has been taken into account in this safety assessment which represents the opinion of FSA/FSS on the safety of genetically modified soybean A5547-127.

Soybean A5547-127 is modified to express the PAT (phosphinothricin acetyltransferase) protein from the soil bacteria Streptomyces viridochromogenes to confer resistance to glufosinate ammonium herbicide. The PAT protein prevents glufosinate ammonium herbicide from inhibiting the glutamate synthase enzyme, which is essential for nitrogen metabolism in plants.

Soybean A5547-127 has previously been authorised for food and feed uses and is most commonly used as a source of protein in animal feed. The scope of this application is for the renewal of the authorisation for placing on the market of products containing, consisting of, or produced from genetically modified soybean A5547-127. This includes food, feed, and products other than food or feed. The application does not cover cultivation and therefore no soybean A5547-127 will be grown in the UK.

In providing its advice on the safety of soybean A5547-127 for food and feed, the ACNFP considered data provided as part of application RP188 (post-market environmental monitoring reports, evaluation of systematic literature searches, additional studies performed by or on behalf of the applicant, and updated bioinformatics analyses), additional information provided by the applicant, and analyses and reports from outside contractors. The ACNFP assessed these data for possible new hazards, modified exposures, or new scientific uncertainties identified during the authorisation period and not previously assessed in the context of the original application (EFSA GMO Panel 2011).

FSA/FSS concludes, based on ACNFP advice, that there is no evidence in the renewal application RP188 of new hazards, modified exposures, or new scientific uncertainties that would change the conclusions of the original risk assessment of genetically modified soybean A5547-127 (EFSA GMO Panel 2011).
Safety Assessment RP212 Genetically Modified Soybean 40-3-2
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: December 2024

Following the submission of application RP212 to the Food Standards Agency (FSA) under assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1829/2003 from Bayer CropScience Ltd, FSA/FSS (Food Standards Scotland) have undertaken a safety assessment on genetically modified soybean 40-3-2. To support the safety assessment by FSA/FSS, the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) provided advice to FSA/FSS on the data submitted for the renewal of authorisation for the genetically modified soybean 40-3-2, as outlined in this document. The advice of the ACNFP has been taken into account in this safety assessment which represents the opinion of FSA/FSS on the safety of genetically modified soybean 40-3-2.

Soybean 40-3-2 is modified to express the CP4 EPSPS (5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase) protein from the CP4 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which has a lower binding affinity with glyphosate, conferring tolerance to glyphosate herbicides.

Soybean 40-3-2 has previously been authorised for food and feed uses and is most commonly used as a source of protein in animal feed. The scope of this application is for the renewal of the authorisation for placing on the market of food and feed products containing, consisting of, or produced from genetically modified soybean 40-3-2. This also includes products other than food or feed. The application does not cover cultivation and therefore no soybean 40-3-2 will be grown in the UK.

In providing its advice on the safety of soybean 40-3-2 for food and feed, the ACNFP considered data provided as part of application RP212 (post-market environmental monitoring reports, evaluation of systematic literature searches, additional studies performed by or on behalf of the applicant, and updated bioinformatics analyses), additional information provided by the applicant, and analyses and reports from outside contractors. The ACNFP assessed these data for possible new hazards, modified exposures, or new scientific uncertainties identified during the authorisation period and not previously assessed in the context of the original application (or the first renewal in 2012).

FSA/FSS concludes, based on ACNFP advice, that there is no evidence in the renewal application RP212 for new hazards, modified exposures, or new scientific uncertainties that would change the conclusions of the original risk assessments on genetically modified soybean 40-3-2 (EFSA GMO Panel 2010, UK-ACNFP 1995).
Safety Assessment: Synthetic Cannabidiol (CBD) as a Novel Food for Use in Food Supplements
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: December 2024

“An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency (FSA) and Food Standards Scotland (FSS) in January 2021 from Chanelle McCoy CBD Ltd (“the applicant”) for the authorisation of synthetic cannabidiol (CBD) as a novel food.

The novel food is a synthetic >98% pure form CBD which is intended to be used as food supplements for adults.

For CBD a provisional Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 10 mg/day has been published by the FSA and was considered in assessing this novel food. The provisional ADI (section 2.7) was recommended, subject to the existing advice to consumers that pregnant and breastfeeding women and people taking any prescription medication should avoid the consumption of CBD. Consumers on regular medications should seek advice from a medical professional before using any type of CBD food product. In addition, children and prospective parents trying for a baby are advised against consumption of CBD, as are those who are immunosuppressed, due to remaining data gaps and residual uncertainties concerning the safety of CBD for these groups of consumers. These contraindications would also apply to this novel food.

To support the FSA and FSS in their evaluations of the application, the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) were asked to review the dossier and supplementary information provided by the applicant. Please note the Committee did not consider any potential health benefits or claims arising from consuming the food, as the focus of the novel food assessment is to ensure the food is safe, and not putting consumers at a nutritional disadvantage.

The FSA and FSS concluded based on the advice of the ACNFP, that the applicant had provided sufficient information to assure the novel food, synthetic CBD, was safe under the proposed conditions of use. The anticipated intake levels and the proposed use in foods and food supplements was not considered to be nutritionally disadvantageous.

The views of the ACNFP have been taken into account in the regulatory assessment which represents the opinions of the FSA and FSS. ”
ON THE INFLUENCE OF INCOMPLETE SETS OF DATA ON MODELING PROCESSES IN ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY
Authors:   EPS JSC BELGRADE, BRANCH ĐERDAP KLADOVO, Marinović Dragan , Jovanović Goran ,   EPS JSC BELGRADE, BRANCH ĐERDAP KLADOVO, Rakić Bojan ,   EPS JSC BELGRADE, BRANCH ĐERDAP KLADOVO, Nikolić Petar ,   EPS JSC BELGRADE, BRANCH ĐERDAP KLADOVO, Nestorović Žarko ,   EPS JSC BELGRADE, BRANCH ĐERDAP KLADOVO, Stamenov Slobodan ,   EPS JSC BELGRADE, BRANCH ĐERDAP KLADOVO
Published: December 2024

Processes in electricity industry are monitored by the data which represents
the certain state parameters of the system or its parts. Obtained data represent the
processes which are discretized in time and the question is if those processes could be
modelled with the adequate accuracy to aproximate certain process. In that way, instead
of discrete set with potentially huge amount of data, it is possible to utilize the function
what could significantly increase the analysis of certain process. The large scale of data
could result with dficulties in process analysis while the inadequate discretization could
lead to the loses of important data about analyzed process. This fact motivated the authors
to research the process of temperature changes of A6 turbine's guide bearing in the
Djerdap 1 power plant with the aim to find out the model's changes i.e. its deviation from
the measured data depending on the excluded substes of data
IMPLEMENTATION OF ENTSO-E EMERGENCY AND RESTORATION RULES IN THE CASE OF A SYSTEM SPLIT
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Institute Mihailo Pupin, Bundalo Igor , Jakupović Goran ,   University of Belgrade, Institute Mihailo Pupin, Popović Marija ,   University of Belgrade, Institute Mihailo Pupin, Subotić Srđan ,   JSC ELEKTROMREZA SERBIA, Janošević Kristina ,   SECURITY COORDINATION CENTRE SCC LTD. BELGRADE, Simić Predrag ,   SECURITY COORDINATION CENTRE SCC LTD. BELGRADE, Prešić Dušan ,   SECURITY COORDINATION CENTRE SCC LTD. BELGRADE
Published: December 2024

The strategic goal of the European Union is to improve the resilience and
reliability of the current Electric Power System (EPS) against a growing number of
threats and vulnerabilities that may affect such a critical infrastructure, exposing
weaknesses with potentially damaging effects on different stakeholders and final
customers. The Horizon Europe project R2D2 addresses this challenge through a range
of dedicated products aimed at prevention, protection, and restoration of EPS across
diverse disturbance scenarios. One such product is the Resilience Suite for Transmission
System Operators & Distribution System Operators (IRIS), which encompasses the
System Split Application. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of this application
within the IRIS suite. Through the utilization of real-time network topology changes and
precise Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) frequency measurements, the application
effectively identifies system splits as they occur and new islands boundary.
Subsequently, the coordination component of the application guides communication at
the regional level in Southeastern Europe (SEE), following predefined scenarios, and
facilitates operational decision-making based on established rules and procedures. This
paper describes the architecture of the Emergency & Restoration – System Split module
and its individual components, with an emphasis on the description of the coordination
component
APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR IR IMAGE PROCESSING IN REMOTE TEMPERATURE MONITORING
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Nikola Tesla Institute of Electrical Engineering, Serbia, Milić Saša D. , Kožicić Miša ,   EPS JSC BELGRADE, HPPS ĐERDAP, KLADOVO, SERBIA
Published: December 2024

Today's technological advancements offer a range of industrial applications
for infrared (IR) cameras to quickly capture moving industrial objects, providing
information about the temperature distributions of these objects. The IR cameras can
detect heated and/or overheated surfaces in real time, enabling rapid fault detection and
the potential monitoring of its gradient for future predictions. The paper describes the
methodology for the application of artificial intelligence in the analysis of infrared images
for remote temperature monitoring. The proposed methodology should improve the
existing measurement system. The improvement would be based on replacing the current
optical measurement assembly with an infrared industrial camera and a real-time image
analysis measurement algorithm for detecting overheated rotor poles of the hydro
generator. A basic presentation of several approaches in the application of machine
learning models for image and video processing is given. Two fundamental concepts and
one detection algorithm are presented in detail: a concept based on convolutional neural
networks, a concept based on two types of autoencoder networks, and the YOLO
algorithm for the classification and detection of complex objects. The advantages and
disadvantages of the proposed concepts and detection algorithm are analyzed in detail to
practically improve the existing monitoring system and take into account the key
requirements: improving the functionality while ensuring the required reliability and ease
of maintenance.
ENHANCING SCADA SYSTEM SECURITY THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PAIRED INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FIREWALLS
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Institute Mihailo Pupin, Ilić Predrag , Stamatović Radomir ,   University of Belgrade, Institute Mihailo Pupin, Konečni Gordan ,   University of Belgrade, Institute Mihailo Pupin, Gojković Ivan ,   University of Belgrade, Institute Mihailo Pupin
Published: December 2024

The security of SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)
systems is critical due to their key role in managing and controlling industrial processes.
This paper explores the security aspects of SCADA systems, with a particular focus on
the implementation of paired internal and external firewalls as a primary protective
measure. SCADA systems are often exposed to various types of threats, including
malware, unauthorized access, and targeted attacks, which can lead to serious
consequences for production processes and infrastructure.
Internal firewalls serve as the first line of defense within the network, filtering traffic
between different segments of the SCADA network and preventing potentially malicious
activities within the network itself. External firewalls, on the other hand, provide
protection at the network perimeter, filtering incoming and outgoing traffic and
preventing unauthorized access from external threats.
The paper analyzes different threat scenarios and vulnerabilities, best practices for
firewall system configuration and management, including network segmentation, traffic
rules, and activity monitoring. It also considers the importance of regular updates and
maintenance of firewall rules to respond to new threats.
The conclusion emphasizes the importance of an integrated approach to SCADA
system security, where firewalls represent a critical, but not the only, component of a
comprehensive protection strategy. Establishing layered security through a combination
of technological solutions and operational procedures is essential for effectively
maintaining the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of SCADA systems.
EXAMPLE OF INTRODUCING SOLAR POWER PLANTS INTO THE REMOTE MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM
Authors:   ELEKTROPRIVREDA BIH D.D. SARAJEVO, Cernica Elvedin , Borovina Džemo ,   ELEKTROPRIVREDA BIH D.D. SARAJEVO, Paši Ensar ,   ELEKTROPRIVREDA BIH D.D. SARAJEVO
Published: December 2024

The paper describes specific ways of introducing solar power plants into
the system of remote monitoring and management on the example of two locations in the
area of the city of Mostar. At one location, we have a set of three adjacent power plants
with a rated power of 149kW each, from which information collection and management
functions are combined. At another location, there is a power plant with a nominal
power of 735 kW, which has slightly different equipment in the function of a remote
monitoring and control system. In order to connect with the control center, a network of
digital radio modems is used, as well as connection paths based on optical fibers. The
paper will include a description of the selected equipment within the solar power plant
facilities themselves, a description of the connection path and applications in the control
center.
LECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS: DEVELOPMENT, MAINTENANCE AND HUMAN FACTOR
Authors:   FLANER DOO, Belgrade, Serbia, Bogojević Dragan
Published: December 2024

Electricity companies in Serbia have owned telecommunication networks
based on optical cables for twenty years. In that period, SDH/PDH, IP MPLS, DWDM
and IP MPLS over transport DWDM networks were developed. A brief overview of the
telecommunications networks that were put into operation after development and are
the subject of regular maintenance activities is given. An analysis of publicly available
strategic documents and development plans gives a limited view of what can be expected
in the near future. This paper additionally analyzes the organizational structure in the
field of telecommunications and ICT in state-owned electricity companies, as well as the
human factor. By reviewing the activities in development and maintenance and the
responsibilities of employees, the conclusion is drawn that the human factor has become
a critical element that should be given much more attention.
Hiding MBR Formatted Storage Medium’s Partition on Linux-based Operating Systems
Authors:   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Niš Serbia, Draskovic Vukadin
Published: December 2024

Digital forensics is a cybersecurity discipline that aims to reconstruct events that occur on digital devices. As such, it plays a key role in suppressing cybercrime. This paper examines digital forensics of storage mediums, focusing on Hard Disk Drives (HDDs), Solid State Drives (SSDs), and partitioning formats like Master Boot Record (MBR) and GUID Partition Table (GPT). Partition hiding is a common activity cybercriminals can use to hide their actions, which is handled by subtype of digital forensics called storage medium forensics. Two different approaches to hiding disk partitions on Linux-based operating systems, followed by methods for detecting and recovering hidden partitions are proposed in this paper.
Sistem za kontrolu semafora na raskrsnici implementiran uz pomoć VHDL jezika za opis hardvera
Authors:   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Niš Serbia, Miljković Sandra , Đorđević Aleksandar ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Niš Serbia, Danković Milica ,   University of Niš, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Niš Serbia
Published: December 2024

U ovom radu opisan je sistem za kontrolu semafora na raskrsnici uz pomoć VHDL jezika za opis hardvera. Sistem je implementiran na nivou simulacije, korišćenjem Vivado Xlinx softvera, ali i na protoploči, korišćenjem standardnih komponenata poput dioda i otpornika, uz korišćenje razvojnog okruženja Zybo Z7.
Peramalan Instrumen, Sekuritas Menggunakan Metode Analisis Kluster, ECM, dan Time Series Regression pada Indeks Saham IDXBUMN20
Authors: Prameswari Putri Dita , Narania Sella , Handayani Melita , Nabila Helvy Tiana Rosa , Rabbani Dzakki Damar , Hibatullah Fausania
Published: December 2024

Investasi saham menjadi instrumen penting dalam perekonomian modern, berperan signifikan dalam mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi melalui penciptaan lapangan kerja, peningkatan kapasitas produksi, dan pengembangan infrastruktur berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemilihan saham terbaik dalam indeks IDXBUMN20, yang terdiri dari 20 saham perusahaan Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap ekonomi nasional. Metode yang digunakan mencakup analisis klaster, Error Correction Model (ECM), dan regresi time series. Analisis klaster diterapkan untuk mengelompokkan saham berdasarkan karakteristik keuangan seperti rasio keuangan, expected return, dan risiko, guna membantu investor mengidentifikasi emiten dengan karakteristik performa yang sejenis. Selanjutnya, ECM digunakan untuk menilai hubungan jangka panjang dan jangka pendek antar variabel ekonomi yang memengaruhi harga saham, memungkinkan investor memahami dinamika pergerakan harga saham menuju ekuilibrium. Terakhir, regresi time series diterapkan untuk memproyeksikan pola harga saham berdasarkan tren historis dan variabel ekonomi eksternal seperti kurs USD, harga emas, dan suku bunga. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan strategis bagi investor dalam memilih saham BUMN dengan potensi pertumbuhan optimal, menciptakan portofolio yang tahan terhadap fluktuasi pasar dan memberikan hasil yang stabil dalam jangka panjang. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini berkontribusi pada literatur investasi dengan memberikan panduan aplikatif mengenai kombinasi analisis teknikal dan fundamental untuk mendukung pengambilan keputusan investasi yang lebih terinformasi.
The Impact of Social Media Technology Development on Minors
Authors: Katili Syalomita Dealova Melody , Pongoh Deitje S , Matu Deswita Dealove , Rumantir Injilia Grachiella , BlessTindas Divano , Tumuwo Cliff Hiskia
Published: December 2024

The rapid development of social media technology has significantly influenced various aspects of society, particularly among minors. This research aims to explore the impact of social media technology on minors, focusing on both the positive and negative consequences. As minors increasingly engage with social media platforms, they experience changes in social behaviors, self-esteem, and mental health. The research identifies various effects, such as enhanced connectivity and access to information, alongside risks like cyberbullying, addiction, and exposure to inappropriate content. Through surveys and interviews, this study investigates the extent of social media’s influence on minors and offers recommendations for parents, educators, and policymakers to mitigate potential harm. The findings emphasize the need for balanced and responsible use of social media to foster healthy online interactions among minors.
Online Management System for Universities Based on A Website
Authors: Tangkudung Robby R S , Wartabone Isabella Nurhaifa , Saraisang Chealsy Meisy , Komalig Falda Rivaly Miracle , Radjak Aprilia A , Injili Lionel Kisra
Published: December 2024

The management of university operations has become increasingly complex with the growing demand for efficient administrative processes and student services. Traditional methods often lead to inefficiencies, errors, and delays. This study focuses on the development of an online management system for universities, utilizing a website-based platform to streamline various university operations. The system integrates features such as course registration, attendance tracking, grade management, and communication tools, providing a centralized solution to enhance administrative efficiency. By leveraging web technologies such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and backend frameworks, the proposed system offers a user-friendly interface that is accessible to students, faculty, and administrators. The platform’s flexibility allows for easy access from any location with internet connectivity, improving workflow and overall user experience. The research demonstrates the effectiveness of a web-based system in improving university management processes and contributing to the digital transformation in higher education.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF PUBLIC ACCOUNTING REFORMS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF MOROCCAN ADMINISTRATIONS
Authors: Madani Noureddine
Published: December 2024

The modernization of public sector accounting is a crucial issue for countries seeking to improve their public administrations' performance, transparency and accountability. In Morocco, the adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) represents a significant reform aimed at aligning accounting practices with international standards. This study proposes a systematic literature review examining these reforms' impact on Moroccan administrations' performance. Through an analysis of various academic and institutional sources, we highlight the advances, challenges encountered, and implications for public finance management in Morocco. The results indicate that, despite institutional and technical obstacles, accounting reforms have helped to improve financial transparency, budgetary efficiency and accountability within public administrations. Finally, recommendations are formulated to strengthen IPSAS implementation and optimize the performance of the Moroccan public sector.

 

JEL: H83, H61, M41, G38, O55

 

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CAREER PATHWAYS OF BS LEGAL MANAGEMENT GRADUATES: A K-MODE CLUSTER ANALYSIS THROUGH THE LENS OF KRUMBOLTZ'S SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
Authors: Clapiz Sharone Mae , Montaño Vicente
Published: December 2024

This research focuses on the career history of BS Legal Management graduates about the Social Learning Theory of Career Decision Making by Krumboltz. The research aims to explore the factors interplaying in graduates' career history by conducting descriptive-correlational research and K-Mode Clustering analysis. Seventeen graduates surveyed in this study covered employment status, job characteristics, and career satisfaction. Results show that there are distinct clusters concerning career outcomes, underpinning both prevalent patterns and individual trajectories among graduates. These results suggest that whereas many respondents secure positions pertinent to their field of study, variability in career paths is notable, conditioned by contextual factors, educational experiences, and unanticipated circumstances. It shows the value of university education in many job positions, even those not directly related to legal management. High satisfaction levels are reported in many careers, which supports Krumboltz's contention that adaptability and learning are critical roles in career development. The findings offer a wealth of information relevant to curriculum development and career counseling in the instruction of legal management—this being an argument for a view that students need to be prepared for diverse career possibilities and embrace dynamism in career journeys within the modern job market.

 

JEL: J24, M12

 

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AN EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF EXTERNAL DEBT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN SIERRA LEONE
Authors: Marah Moses Balla , Dumbuya Laima Abu Kay
Published: December 2024

The study sets out to determine whether external debt has a significant relationship with economic growth indices in Sierra Leone. An ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study. Data on gross domestic product, external debt, capital expenditure, and exchange rate were obtained from the Bank of Sierra Leone Statistical Bulletin 2024 for the period 1993-2023. Ordinary Least Square Method of regression was used in which external debt was regressed on gross domestic product, capital expenditure, and exchange rate. A diagnostic test was done using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test, as well as the co-integration and error correction method. Findings show that there is a positive relationship between external debt on one side and gross domestic product (GDP), exchange rate and capital expenditure. The findings imply that small external debt accumulation stimulates the economy, while huge debt has a negative impact. External debts were misappropriated, while debt servicing and repayment stifled infrastructural development. The study recommends, amongst other things, that external debt should be obtained when it is absolutely necessary and applied for productive ventures but not for social services, ensuring that the marginal productivity of the loan is greater than the interest incurred as a result of it. At the same time, the government should strengthen anti-corruption agencies to reduce embezzlements and misappropriations to the barest minimum by reviewing laws establishing them.

 

JEL: F34; E22; C22; H63; O11

 

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ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION PROBLEMS AMONG VIETNAMESE LEARNERS OF ENGLISH: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Authors: Tu Le Thanh , Du Tran Thanh
Published: December 2024

In oral communication, inaccurate pronunciation or pronunciation errors may create serious consequences, such as conversational discomfort, business disruption, and negotiation failure, leading to miscommunication or, at times, regrettable occupational accidents. Unfortunately, in a number of educational institutions in Vietnam, inadequate attention has been paid to the teaching and learning of English pronunciation. This is why Vietnamese learners of English seem to have neither full awareness, and thus, nor good performance of English pronunciation. Through qualitative and quantitative data collected from an experimental survey, the study indicates that non-English majors at University of Transport, Ho Chi Minh City (UTH) encounter various pronunciation problems due to various reasons, both objective and subjective. The study also results in strategies and techniques that may be beneficial to both the lecturers and the students in teaching and learning English pronunciation at UTH in particular and in the Vietnamese contexts in general.
 

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