bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The quest for scientific culture
Authors: Diaz Costanzo Guadalupe , Golombek Diego
Published: January 2020

What exactly is “scientific culture”? How does it relate to science communication, non-formal education or artistic interactions with the scientific world? That was the topic of the 14th International Summer School of Mind, Brain and Education (ISMBE), held 1–4 October 2019 at the Ettore Majorana Centre for Scientific Culture in Erice (Sicily), Italy. The ISMBE has a long history of bringing together researchers from diverse fields to catalyze research relating to cognitive science and neuroscience through to education, and the directors of the School, Drs. Kurt Fischer, Antonio Battro and Sebastián Lipina considered that the boundary between these fields and scientific culture was subtle enough to demand a conference on the subject and asked us to organize such a meeting.
Síndrome Autoinmune Tirogástrico (SAT) . Serie de casos
Authors: Henao Riveros Sandra Consuelo , Martínez Marin Julian David , Arteaga Díaz Juan Manuel
Published: January 2020

Un porcentaje importante de pacientes con gastritis crónica atrófica corporal autoinmune, o gastritis tipo A, desarrollan enfermedad autoinmune tiroidea (enfermedad de Graves o de Hashimoto) y viceversa, situación conocida como síndrome autoinmune tirogástrico (SAT), pero no se conoce su prevalencia, por lo que puede pasarse sin el diagnóstico completo. El desarrollo de la gastritis atrófica limita la absorción de la vitamina B12, lo que lleva a alteraciones hematológicas, neurológicas y metabólicas, por tanto, es importante realizar las pruebas necesarias para su diagnóstico y seguir de cerca la evolución de los pacientes. La detección serológica de los autoanticuerpos contra la glándula tiroides y el cuerpo gástrico muestran la etiología autoinmune y un estado inflamatorio con daño tisular. Todo paciente con enfermedad autoinmune debe ser valorado para descartar la presencia de otras patologías de etiología inmunológica.
Requerimiento de hemostasia endoscópica en pacientes de una unidad de cuidado intensivo con hemorragia de vías digestivas altas
Authors: Medina Torres Daniel Eduardo , Otero Regino William , Otero Ramos Elder Ramiro
Published: January 2020

Introducción: los pacientes hospitalizados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) tienen riesgo de hemorragia digestiva alta (HVDA). La endoscopia digestiva alta (EVDA) es el examen de elección en esos pacientes y es diagnóstica y terapéutica. Muchas lesiones identificadas endoscópicamente no requieren tratamiento endoscópico. En Colombia no hay estudios sobre la prevalencia de las diferentes lesiones sangrantes digestivas altas en pacientes de la UCI, ni sobre la utilización de EVDA terapéutica en esos pacientes.

Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal realizado en la Clínica Fundadores de Bogotá, Colombia, entre enero del 2003 a febrero del 2017. Se incluyeron pacientes adultos de la unidad de cuidado intensivo con EVDA indicada por HVDA.

Resultados: en el análisis final se incluyeron 156 EVDA. Los hallazgos fueron los siguientes: gastritis crónica 76,62% (118), esofagitis erosiva (grado A-grado D) 57,79% (89), gastritis erosiva 47,4% (73), duodenitis erosiva 21,43% (33), úlcera gástrica 18,18% (28), varices esofágicas 11,69% (18), úlcera duodenal 11,04% (17) y desgarro de Mallory-Weiss 4,55% (8). Solo el 15% de los pacientes requirió manejo endoscópico, incluidos los que tenían várices esofágicas.

Conclusión: en el presente estudio, el 15% de los pacientes con HVDA requirió tratamiento endoscópico. Se deben realizar trabajos prospectivos que permitan establecer factores de riesgo que puedan predecir la necesidad de EVDA terapéutica en pacientes con HVDA. Quien no tenga esos predictores se debe tratar empíricamente con IBP y evitar gastos innecesarios en EVDA diagnósticas.
Enfermedades hepáticas y embarazo
Authors: Toro Rendon Luis Guillermo , Correa Gutiérrez Elizabeth María , Calle Tavera Luisa Fernanda , Ocampo Mesa Adriana , Vélez Cuervo Sandra María
Published: January 2020

La prevalencia de las enfermedades hepáticas en el embarazo no es despreciable, ya que estas se presentan en 3%-5% de todas las gestaciones. Entre las múltiples causas se encuentran cambios fisiológicos del embarazo; enfermedad hepática preexistente, siendo las más comunes las enfermedades colestásicas (colangitis biliar primaria y colangitis esclerosante primaria), hepatitis autoinmune, enfermedad de Wilson, hepatitis virales crónicas, cirrosis establecida de cualquier etiología y paciente con historia de trasplante hepático; enfermedad hepática adquirida durante el embarazo, siendo las principales las hepatitis virales, la toxicidad inducida por medicamentos y la hepatolitiasis; hepatopatía relacionada con el embarazo, en la cual se encuentran 5 entidades principales: hiperémesis gravídica, colestasis intrahepática del embarazo, preeclampsia, síndrome HELLP e hígado graso del embarazo.

La severidad de estas entidades tiene una amplia gama de presentaciones, desde la paciente que es completamente asintomática, hasta la falla hepática aguda e incluso la muerte. La gravedad del cuadro se asocia con una morbilidad y mortalidad significativas tanto para la madre como para el feto, lo cual hace que una evaluación rápida, diagnóstico certero y manejo apropiado por un equipo multidisciplinario (incluida obstetricia de alto riesgo, hepatología, gastroenterología y radiología intervencionista), en un servicio que tenga la posibilidad de ofrecer trasplante hepático, sean fundamentales para obtener buenos desenlaces.
Actualización con la clasificación de Londres en la interpretación de la manometría anorrectal de alta resolución
Authors: Delgado Villarreal Andres Fernando , Costa Barney Valeria Atenea , Hani de Ardila Albis Cecilia , Leguízamo Naranjo Ana María , Ardila Hani Andrés Felipe , Meza Madrid Diana
Published: January 2020

La manometría anorrectal de alta resolución es una prueba diagnóstica utilizada para los trastornos motores y sensitivos anorrectales. Consta de una medición del tono basal y de contracción anal; también valora la maniobra de pujo, reflejo rectoanal inhibitorio (RAIR) y parámetros sensitivos rectales. La interpretación convencional de la manometría anorrectal se enfoca en describir aisladamente la región anatómica disfuncional. Sin embargo, con la clasificación de Londres se busca estandarizar el informe de estos resultados, agrupándolos en trastornos mayores, menores y hallazgos no concluyentes, similar a la clasificación de Chicago para trastornos motores esofágicos.
Affective status in cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Stevanovic Aleksandar , Stefanovic Anja , Stojanovski Natasa , Tomic Gordana , Zidverc-Trajkovic Jasna , Pavlovic Aleksandra
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Cerebral small vessel disease is a neurological condition
characterized by motor, cognitive and affective disorders, often found on
brain magnetic resonance imaging scans in patients with vascular risk
factors. Affective disorders may have a major impact on patients? quality of
life, although they are often ignored as an entity in cerebrovascular
pathology. Material and Methods. This prospective study included 80 patients
with the diagnosis of cerebral small vessel disease admitted at the Clinic
of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia in the period from January 1, 2017
to January 1, 2019. Baseline demographic data and brain magnetic resonance
findings were obtained along with the results of cognitive function and
affective status tests. Data were analyzed using standard statistical tests.
Results. Standard screening tests revealed that 51.25% and 33.75% of our
patients with cerebral small vessel disease suffer from apathy and
depression, respectively. A significant correlation was found between the
severity of white matter changes on magnetic resonance scans and apathy (p =
0.0092). Additionally, white matter changes were also significantly
associated with depression (p = 0.021). Conclusion. Affective disorders are
not uncommon in cerebral small vessel disease and apathy was the leading
phenomenon among our patients. Since a strong correlation was detected
between affective disorders and severity of vascular changes on magnetic
resonance scans, we may conclude that both apathy and depression are key
features of an underlying brain injury, rather than just comorbidity.
Parental attitudes towards the use of humanoid robots in pediatric (re)habilitation
Authors: Vuklis Dragana , Krasnik Rastislava , Mikov Aleksandra , Zvekic-Svorcan Jelena , Jankovic Tanja , Kovacevic Milena
Published: January 2020

Introduction. The advancement of technology in the world is more and more
evident, as is its implementation in almost all spheres of life, and so is
its application in medicine. The use of robotics in medicine has become
increasingly important, with a wide scope of application. Thus, the aim of
this study was to determine parental attitudes towards the robot-assisted
therapy in pediatric (re) habilitation and to assess the degree of parental
acceptance and apprehension towards humanoid robots, along with their
expectations. Material and Methods. The study included 32 parents of both
genders, whose children took part in the treatment using a mobile
anthropomorphic robot with cognitive skills, and who completed the
Frankenstein Syndrome Questionnaire. Results. The study showed that parental
attitudes towards humanoid robots and robot-assisted therapy were positive.
Conclusion. In our study, parents showed neutral attitudes and positive
expectations of humanoid robots. They have accepted them socially, without
negative feelings on the religious and psychosocial levels.
Red and Processed Meats and Health Risks: How Strong Is the Evidence?
Authors: Qian Frank , Riddle Matthew C. , Wylie-Rosett Judith , Hu Frank B.
Published: January 2020

Prevailing dietary guidelines have widely recommended diets relatively low in red and processed meats and high in minimally processed plant foods for the prevention of chronic diseases. However, an ad hoc research group called the Nutritional Recommendations (NutriRECS) consortium recently issued “new dietary guidelines” encouraging individuals to continue their current meat consumption habits due to “low certainty” of the evidence, difficulty of altering meat eaters’ habits and preferences, and the lack of need to consider environmental impacts of red meat consumption. These recommendations are not justified, in large part because of the flawed methodologies used to review and grade nutritional evidence. The evidence evaluation was largely based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria, which are primarily designed to grade the strength of evidence for clinical interventions especially pharmacotherapy. However, the infeasibility for conducting large, long-term randomized clinical trials on most dietary, lifestyle, and environmental exposures makes the criteria inappropriate in these areas. A separate research group proposed a modified and validated system for rating the meta-evidence on nutritional studies (NutriGRADE) to address several limitations of the GRADE criteria. Applying NutriGRADE, the evidence on the positive association between red and processed meats and type 2 diabetes was rated to be of “high quality,” while the evidence on the association between red and processed meats and mortality was rated to be of “moderate quality.” Another important limitation is that inadequate attention was paid to what might be replacing red meat, be it plant-based proteins, refined carbohydrates, or other foods. In summary, the red/processed meat recommendations by NutriRECS suffer from important methodological limitations and involve misinterpretations of nutritional evidence. To improve human and planetary health, dietary guidelines should continue to emphasize dietary patterns low in red and processed meats and high in minimally processed plant foods such as fruits and vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and legumes.
Mascaramento de fala no Frequency-Following Response obscurece respostas espectro-temporais evocadas auditivas
Authors: Venâncio Leonardo Gleygson Angelo , Muniz Lílian Ferreira
Published: January 2020

YELLAMSETTY, Anusha; BIDELMAN, Gavin M. Brainstem correlates of concurrent speech identification in adverse listening conditions. Brain research, v. 1714, p. 182-192, 2019.
Repercussão dos sintomas disfágicos na qualidade de vida em adultos com paralisia cerebral
Authors: Andrade Rodrigo Alves de , Silva Hilton Justino da , Cunha Maria Deluana da , Coriolano Maria Das Graças Wanderley de Sales
Published: January 2020

Resenha
Indikasi Pembauran Budaya Hoabinh dan Austronesia di Pulau Sumatera Bagian Utara
Authors: Wiradnyana Ketut
Published: January 2020

AbstractHoabinh sites are often linked with the periodization of Mesolithic culture to its Australomelanesoid people. The existence of Hoabinh sites either in the coast or in the mountain are always finalized with a layer of culture in the form of fragments of pottery, which is the typical of the peridization of Neolithic cultue. The Neolithic culture is always linked with the Mongoloid. The facts indicate that different two races had used the same site despite the obscure difference of activities. Other cultural aspects indicate similarities, which reflected a sustainability of religion (flexed burial), technology of stone tools and livelihood. The sustainability of those aspects may describe a blending between those two races, which later also indicate contacts between them in the form of coextistence of men and their culture. This interpretation is derived from a cultural evolution concept.AbstrakSitus-situs Hoabinh kerap dikaitkan dengan pembabakan budaya Mesolitik dengan ras pendukungnya Australomelanesoid. Keberadaan situs Hoabinh baik di pesisir maupun di pegunungan selalu diakhiri dengan lapisan budaya berupa fragmen gerabah yang merupakan ciri dari pembabakan budaya Neolitik. Budaya Neolitik dikaitkan dengan ras pendukungnya Mongoloid. Hal tersebut memberikan gambaran akan adanya dua ras yang berbeda yaitu Australomelanesoid dan Mongoloid memanfaatkan situs yang sama, sekalipun aktivitasnya tidak nampak tegas berbeda. Beberapa aspek budaya lainnya yang mengindikasikan kesamaan, mencerminkan sebuah keberlanjutan diantaranya religi (flexed burial), teknologi alat batu dan matapencaharian hidup. Keberlanjutan aspek-aspek itu mencerminkan adanya pembauran diantara ke dua ras tersebut. Adanya pembauran itu mengindikasikan terjadinya kontak antarkelompok dan dimungkinkan juga hidup saling berdampingan atau bahkan ada percampuran antarmanusia dan budayanya. Hal tersebut merupakan interpretasi yang didasarkan atas konsep evolusi kebudayaan.
Terak Besi di Gedang-1 dan Gedang-2: Bukti Penguasaan Teknologi Besi di Dataran Tinggi Jambi, Sumatera
Authors: Budisantosa Tri Marhaeni S.
Published: January 2020

AbstractIron and other artifacts were discovered in a number of megalith sites and large paleometalic water jars di dataran tinggi Jambi, Sumatera, while iron artifacts were considered by the previous researcher, Dominik Bonatz, as imported. Tiongkok and Sa Huynh, southern Vietnam have been considered as the centre of ironwork technology to South East Asian islands in the Paleometalic period. Some questions arise of the mastery of the ironwork technology by the then people inhabiting the highlands of Jambi, of the dawn era of the ironwork technology, and of the origin of the acquired iron artifacts and technology. Excavations at Gedang-1 and Gedang-2 sites resulted in the findings of slags around the megalith. The slags are identifiable through their physical appearances, while their periodization is learned through the dating analysis of the charcoal found out to be related with the slags. The analysis results cover the ironwork technology and its distribution that indicate the mastery of iron smelting and iron artifacts working by Jambi megalith community at 4th-6th century C.E.. It was presumed that the south east asian ironwork technology land spread through the Sumatran eastcoast to the highlands of Jambi.AbstrakArtefak besi bersama dengan tinggalan artefak lainnya ditemukan di sejumlah situs megalitik dan kubur tempayan dari Zaman Paleometalik di dataran tinggi Jambi, Sumatera, sedangkan artefak besi dianggap oleh peneliti sebelumnya, Dominik Bonatz merupakan barang impor. Tiongkok dan Sa Huynh, Vietnam bagian selatan dianggap sebagai pusat penyebaran teknologi besi ke pulau-pulau di Asia Tenggara pada Zaman Paleometalik. Permasalahannya adalah apakah komunitas pendukung budaya megalitik dan kubur tempayan di dataran tinggi Jambi telah mengenal teknologi besi? Kapankah wilayah tersebut mengenal teknologi besi? Dari manakah wilayah tersebut memperoleh artefak besi atau teknologi besi? Dalam ekskavasi di situs Gedang-1 dan Gedang-2 ditemukan terak besi di sekitar megalit. Terak besi tersebut diidentifikasi melalui analisis ciri-ciri fisiknya. Sementara itu, umurnya diketahui melalui analisis pertanggalan arang yang ditemukan berasosiasi dengan terak besi. Hasil analisis dibahas dalam konteks sejarah teknologi besi dan sebarannya. Ternyata komunitas megalitik dataran tinggi Jambi telah mengenal peleburan besi, tentu juga membuat artefak besi, pada sekitar abad ke- 4-6 Masehi. Selanjutnya diduga teknologi besi berasal dari Asia Tenggara daratan selanjutnya tersebar di sekitar pantai timur Sumatera sampai akhirnya di dataran tinggi Jambi.
Multiculturalism and Diversity in Urban Revitalization
Authors: Rosa Vanessa
Published: January 2020

This article examines the uses of “diversity” in the revitalization of two public housing projects in Toronto, Canada: Regent Park and Lawrence Heights. Both revitalization plans emphasize a diversity of use, diversity of income, and diversity of culture. I argue the diversity of diversity serves as a legitimizing tool for the revitalization projects and that the use of the term is productively ambiguous and draws from the cachet of Canadian multiculturalism, without explicitly naming race and racial inequality. My analysis sheds light on tensions between the types of diversity, challenging the potential for the framework to address structural inequality via revitalization. While both diversity and mix (mixed income or diversity of incomes, for example) are generally taken-for-granted terms in planning discourse, promoting more equitable planning practices requires analyzing them more closely in context.
COMMUNITY FINDING AS LEARNING: IMPACTS OF A NOVEL MODEL FOR COMMUNITY ENGAGED, PROJECT BASED LEARNING IN ENGINEERING
Authors: Chong Alan , Irish Robert K. , Foster Jason
Published: January 2020

This paper explores the impact of a specific implementation of community engaged engineering design pedagogy. By asking students about their experience in choosing, engaging with, and researching a community to develop an understanding of and clearly articulating a design problem in a Requests for Proposals, we seek to understand how student initiated community engaged learning (CEL) can contribute to learning about design.

Results of the survey show that students did pick up skills and experiences that reflected course and activity learning objectives. Students engaged and relied on – sometimes to their detriment – personal contact and communication with stakeholder communities for information. They expressed an awareness of the importance of personal investment in the community, even if that investment was limited in their own projects. Not unexpectedly, students also reported a preference for and greater perceived learning in a more conventional design education experience. However, the act of community finding and engagement did impact their understanding of engineering design, particularly around often neglected aspects, and helped them to see design more holistically.
DISCIPLINE-BASED EDUCATION RESEARCH (DBER) – WHAT IS IT, AND WHY SHOULD ENGINEERING EDUCATION RESEARCH SCHOLARS BE TALKING ABOUT IT MORE?
Authors: Paul Robyn , Brennan Robert
Published: January 2020

Engineering Education Research (EER) is a growing field in Canada. However the interdisciplinary nature of our field means we frequently face challenges, often in the form of deficits: funding, support from colleagues, sufficient interdisciplinary expertise, and recruitment of and support for post-graduate students. In order to continue growing the EER field, we need to provide academic scholars and students with the necessary interdisciplinary support systems. This paper provides an overview of the field of Discipline-Based Education Research (DBER) and makes recommendations on how EER scholars can more intentionally engage. Specifically, through knowledge sharing, communities of practices, and collaborative infrastructures and systems.
UTILIZATION OF VIRTUAL REALITY FOR ENGINEERING DISCIPLINE SELECTION
Authors: Hungler Paul C. , Marshall Joshua A. , Parent J. Scott , Tremblay Eric A. , Karan Max , Clarke Daniel
Published: January 2020

Fully immersive Virtual Reality (VR) has the ability to take students to remote locations or allow them to interact with a simulated environment without having to leave campus. This study investigated whether VR is an effective tool to help students increase their knowledge and understanding of various engineering programs and as a result increase their confidence when selecting an engineering discipline. Two purpose-built VR applications were developed; one for Mining Engineering and one for Engineering Chemistry at Queen’s University. The intention of the VR applications was to introduce students to the program of study by bringing them directly into the classroom or lab environment as well industrial sites where engineers in that discipline work. Each VR application took 5-7 minutes to complete and was intended to be interactive. To determine if the VR applications increased the student knowledge, understanding and confidence when selecting an engineering discipline, a series of questions were added to the annual first year engineering survey at Queen’s. Results from the study showed that the VR applications strongly or moderately increased the knowledge and understand of numerous students who attend the Mining Engineering and Engineering Chemistry discipline selection nights. Furthermore there were a number of students whose confidence when making their discipline selection was enhanced by the VR applications.
How to Win Friends and Influence Industry Collaborators
Authors: Perks Alan , Dimitrova Rozalina
Published: January 2020

The Capstone process helps prepare Civil Engineering students for a rapidly evolving practice now facing many urgent social, economic and environmental pressures. Recent experience in identifying suitable capstone projects and working effectively with industry collaborators and student teams will be discussed. The project portfolios will be reviewed, and the approach to recruiting and retaining collaborators, working with faculty advisors, and supporting student teams will be summarized. Lessons learned from all these perspectives provided important adjustments to the uOttawa approach, which in past semesters has succeeded in providing all students in as many as to 25 teams in a semester with an industry collaborator and a valuable opportunity to enhance their skills in communications, planning, creative engineering solutions, and interdisciplinary teamwork.
THE INVERTED/INTEGRATIVE/OPEN LAB COURSE: A MECHANICAL ENGINEERING LAB EXAMPLE
Authors: Lemay Jean
Published: January 2020

Based on the CEAB investigation attribute requirements, the Laval University Mechanical Engineering department has entirely modified its philosophy regarding the lab course. This course is now based on teamwork projects that take place throughout the semester. Different experimental setups are available to accommodate up to 20 teams of three students on a 24h/7d schedule. This paper offers some examples of lab benches and problems designed for this approach. To begin, student teams must describe the apparatus on which they will conduct an investigation and propose a problem they intend to study. Next, teams present theoretical background and a literature review. They determine the physical quantities to be measured and describe the measuring instruments to be used. Then, they plan and prepare a test campaign, including development of their own data acquisition, control and processing programs using LabVIEW. Finally, teams conduct their test campaign, analyze the results (including detailed uncertainty analysis) and report on their findings.
UNDERGRADUATE WRITING ASSIGNMENTS IN ENGINEERING: TRACKING ATTRIBUTE 7 IN TWO ACCREDITATION CYCLES
Authors: Marcynuk Kathryn , Parker Anne
Published: January 2020

This paper reports on two iterations of our study of course syllabi in the Faculty of Engineering, University of Manitoba. The first iteration was part of a national study investigating the writing demands placed on students in a variety of disciplines, including those in the Social Sciences and the Humanities as well as Engineering. This first iteration followed an accreditation visit and the Faculty’s introduction of the C.E.A.B. graduate attributes and outcome-based assessment. Although one would expect Engineering to have far fewer written assignments than these other disciplines, such was not always the case. For example, the national study captured results for Political Science that closely matched those for Mechanical Engineering; Political Science students typically wrote, on average, 2.3 written assignments in year 2 of their program, 2.4 written assignments in year 3, and 4.2 written assignments in year 4, while Mechanical Engineering students wrote 4, 3 and 4.2 written assignments in those same years. Such a finding suggested that more writing was happening in the Faculty of Engineering than we might realize – and quiteapart from that done in the mandatory communication class. So, our second iteration of the study followed another accreditation cycle, but this time we focused solely on the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Manitoba. In this second iteration, our goal was to refresh the data so that we could clarify how Attribute 7, “communication skills,” is being met in the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Manitoba.
The Work of Art in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: What Artists Can Teach Us About the Ethics of Data Practice
Authors: Stark Luke , Crawford Kate
Published: January 2020

Problematic use of data, patterns of bias emerging in AI systems, and the role of platforms like Facebook and Twitter during elections have thrown the issue of data ethics into sharp relief. Yet the focus of conversations about data ethics has centered on computer scientists, engineers, and designers, with far less attention paid to the digital practices of artists and others in the cultural sector. Artists have historically deployed new technologies in unexpected and often prescient ways, making them a community able to speak directly to the changing and nuanced ethical questions faced by those who use data and machine learning systems. We conducted interviews with thirty-three artists working with digital data, with a focus on how artists prefigure and commonly challenge data practices and ethical concerns of computer scientists, researchers, and the wider population. We found artists were frequently working to produce a sense of defamiliarization and critical distance from contemporary digital technologies in their audiences. The ethics of using large-scale data and AI systems for these artists were generally developed in ongoing conversations with other practitioners in their communities and in relation to a longer history of art practice.
Mathematical Modeling of Fault-Tolerance of the Information Systems
Authors: Goleva A. I. , Storozhenko N. R. , Potapov V. I. , Shafeeva O. P.
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the problem of reliability of information systems, in order to solve this problem, a method for assessing the fault tolerance of data transmission systems using the apparatus of mathematical modeling of faulttolerant systems with three levels of operation was introduced. Also the mathematical model in the form of a graph of states and the probability of failure with a system of differential equations for its description was formulated. The solution of mathematical model allows to obtain the probability of failure at different levels of functioning of information systems in order to detect and find faults and equipment failures.
Koryak historical narratives about reindeer-breeder’ collectivization
Authors: Golovaneva T. A.
Published: January 2020

In the paper some features of the collectivization among the koryak reindeer-breeders of Kamchatka (chauchuvens) are shown through historical and family narratives. From governmental point of view narratives containing the descrip- tion of collectivazation were interpreted as antisoviet agitation, and, therefore, such stories weren’t written or published. An interview (2015–2018) with old chauchuvens had shown that memories of those tragic events are still live in Koryak folk history. In nowadays records containing the descriptions of collectivazation time before Soviet power is shown as a time of deer prosperity in families. The idealization of the image of rich reindeer-breeders is also found. In popular and official versions, the polarity of the image of a reindeer-breeder is obvious: from idealization (in popular) to completely negative (official documents and fiction literature). According to historical narratives reindeer-breeders were trying to hide their herds from bolshevists. Unfortunately the hiding of herds was usually followed by arrest of the reindeer-breeders. Attempts of hiding the family herds from the Soviet power are interpreted by narrators as a saving of herds. The Soviet power itself is considered as a destroying power. In narratives reindeer-breeders the opposition is very dis- tinct: local vs foreign. In this type of narratives negative attitude to foreign Russian who destroyed local balance is very strong. The generation who witnessed the collectivization has already gone but their children who listened to the stories about the collectivization and know all those tragic events are still alive. The dying-out of deers and great hunger started after collectivization.
Crane tunes and dances in Kalmyk traditional culture
Authors: Dordzhieva G. A.
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the documentation of music-related phenomena of the Togrun Bi (Crane dance of Kalmyks). The traditional music of Kalmyks is deeply rooted in the culture of Oirad. The new geographical and ethnic environment changed and transformed it. The most obvious shift took place in the dances and musical instruments (their organology, performing style, and tunes). At the same time, on this outskirt of the Mongolian world, some unique forms and genres have been preserved. The sources of the present research are field materials collected by author in late 1990 th in Kalmykia: non-fiarytale prose, two-string dombra tunes with singing, onomatopoeia, and round dances. The participants of Сrane praising ritual were women and children. Similar components are revealed in the ritual Togrugan biilulkhm (Force Crane to dance) and Ova täkh (a sacrifice to a host-spirit of the place). In personal stories and memoires, the mythologic idea of the curse cast by cranes made a connection to arrests, exile and other tragic events in the history of the Kalmyks in the XX century. Characteristics of Crane dances is presented in the musical notations (made by author) and their description. There are the similarities between the Kalmyk round dance with imitations of Crane movements and calls (video recording from the settlement of Yashkul) and circular dances of Evenki, Yakuts, and some other Turkic-languages peoples of Siberia. These rare elements of Kalmyk tradition trail to the regions of South Siberia and Central Asia, from where some Oirad groups brought it to Volga region.
Iatrogenic pulmonary edema as a cause of death in burns
Authors: Thamir M. Kadhim
Published: January 2020

Global mortality from the burn is decreasing while in Iraq is still rising. This study was designed to determine the paucity of data regarding the cause of death in the burn, which may be a participating factor and should eliminate it. A post-mortal field study was conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine in the province of Babylon, Iraq, for a year period, from the 1st of January 2017 to the 1st of January 2018. The total deaths were 1310, and the whole number of deaths by burn accidents in Babylon, Iraq, was 81(6.18% of all causes of death in a year). 65 were females (80.24%), 16 were males (19.75%). Deaths with no history of admission more than 3day in burn units, age over 45years, cardiovascular diseases patients, heavy smokers, inhalational injuries victims, all were excluded, so 68 burn victims were subjected to a full, typical autopsy at the Department of Forensic Medicine in the province of Babylon for one year period, with all necessary laboratory tests, in order to diagnose the direct cause of their death. For assessing small size area burn, we used small paper the size of the victim whole hand (represent 1% of TBSA), for a larger area, the Lund and Browder chart was used. Deaths were divided into 2 groups according to the period of admission at the burn unit. The first group (3-7 days of admission) with 60 victims, and the second (more than 7 days) with 8 victims. 17 victims with in the first group, had no prominent autopsy findings, but severe pulmonary edema, edema of other organs, no pathogenic organisms were isolated, the laboratory tests were accepted. Their medical records in the burn unit showed overestimation in the assessment of burn area size above the actual percentage by (20-35%). The major causes of death in the first group were septicemia 42.46%, pneumonia 32.35% and primary pulmonary edema 25%, caused mainly by overloading the circulation with fluids. Precise assessment of burn area size, ensuring proper fluid replacement and lowering the mortality rate.
Heightening the solubility of poorly soluble fenofibrate by Solid Dispersion Technique
Authors: Yasmin Begum M  , Prathyusha Reddy G
Published: January 2020

The intention of the current study was to boost the solubility of Fenofibrate by solid dispersion technique which is an efficient technique in improving the solubility and hence the dissolution rate of poorly soluble drugs in the form of eutectic mixtures by producing fine dispersion when in contact with gastrointestinal fluid and also the technique offers the choices of carriers to be combined with drug conveniently to improve the solubility to a considerable extent. Fenofibrate a BCS class II Antihyperlipidemic drug belongs to fibrate class and it is a lipid-lowering drug used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Fenofibrate is insoluble in water and hence shows poor dissolution in gastric fluid with reduced absorption characteristics. In order to improve the solubility, dissolution rate, gastrointestinal absorption and oral bioavailability, it was decided to prepare fenofibrate solid dispersion and evaluated. They were prepared using poly ethylene glycol 4000, 6000, 8000 and β-cyclodextrin by fusion technique and optimized solid dispersion was also lyophilized. Physical characterization of solid inclusion complex of fenofibrate was studied and showed that there were no drug excipients interactions. Dissolution studies showed a momentous rise in a dissolution of Fenofibrate when dispersed in polymers. Inturn aqueous solubility was enlarged linearly as a function of the concentration of β- Cyclodextrin.
Detection of Aflatoxin B1 in secondary school students in Al-Diwanyia city
Authors: Baheeja A.Hmood Al-Khalidi  , Hayder Kamil Jabbar Al-Kaabi  , Khatam Ibrahem Al-Mhnna
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate mycotoxin (Aflatoxin B1) in high school student blood samples. Thus, 350 blood samples were collected randomly from students in various schools in Al-diwanyia city, and then toxin was detected using ELIZA method. The results showed 287 ( 82% ) of student were had aflatoxin in their blood in a different concentration varying from 2.301 to 3.245 ng/ml and these concentrations were high (2.610  to  3.245) n/L in male rather than female  (2.301 to 2.541) ng/L. Intrahepatic AFTs-B1 is activated by the enzymes p450 hemogenic protein, which is reborn into AFTs-B1-8, 9 epoxide, which is responsible for the effects of cancer within the secreted organ. Based on the fact that AFB1 recorded the most important effects of strong malignant tumor disease in both humans and animals, and thanks to the acute problems related to the contamination of AF More attention has been paid to food and feed and its negative impact on public and economic health compared to various fungal toxins. Because absolute safety is incredibly difficult to achieve, many developing countries have tried to reduce aflatoxin toxicity under the rules that management exposure prohibits the limits of such toxins in food and feed. This research was therefore designed to determine the levels of aflatoxin B1 in secondary school students ' blood samples.
PELAYARPUTIHAN ROMAN L'ÉLÉGANCE DU HÉRISSON KARYA MURIEL BARBERY KE FILM LE HÉRRISON KARYA MONA ACHACHE (SEBUAH KAJIAN EKRANISASI)
Authors: Sunahrowi Sunahrowi , Putri Widya Arga
Published: January 2020

Adaptasi karya sastra, roman dalam hal ini, ke dalam film menyebabkan banyak sekali perubahan. Beberapa unsur utama seperti alur, latar, dan penokohan mengalami perubahan yang signifikan. Hal tersebut diakibatkan oleh hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan tujuan film itu sendiri yang lebih menekankan pada sisi komersialisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan perubahan-perubahan unsur-unsur alur, latar, dan penokohan dari media karya sastra ke film yang diakibatkan oleh adaptasi atau ekranisasi tersebut. Objek material dalam penelitian ini adalah roman l’Élégance du Hérisson Karya Muriel Barbery dan Film Le Hérisson karya Mona Achache. Sedangkan objek formal dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Ekranisasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif analitik.Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan terhadap objek material di atas dihasilkan 16 penciutan, 13 penambahan, dan 8 variasi pada analisis alur. Kemudian pada analisis latar terdapat perubahan berupa 5 penciutan dan 1 variasi, dalam hal ini latar tidak mengalami penambahan karena peristiwa yang terjadi hanya di sekitar apartemen, seperti yang terdapat dalam roman. Terakhir pada analisis tokoh terdapat 5 penciutan, 1 penambahan, dan 2 variasi.
THE VALIDITY OF INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA ON IONIC BOND MATERIAL
Authors: Ilyasa Deiya Gama , Dwiningsih Kusumawati
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Interactive multimedia is needed to improve student's understanding of certain material. The purpose of this study is to analyze the validity of interactive multimedia on ionic bonding material. The type of research used in this study is 4P research model (Define, Design, Development, and Dissaminate) but in this study only limited on Development step which adapted from Ibrahim (2014). The validity results showed that: (1) The content validity and construct validity obtained highly valid criteria with average percentage range gradually 90% and 91,04%. From the results, it can be conclude that the developed media was declared valid to be used as interactive multimedia on ionic bond materials.
DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ WORKSHEET WITH MIND MAPPING STRATEGY TO IMPROVE THE STUDENTS’ CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS ON STOICIOMETRY MATERIALS
Authors: Wardani Hikma
Published: January 2020

The learning process of 2013 curriculum emphasizes on the students’ skill, it also demands them to be more active and have extraordinary abilities such as creative thinking skills. The purpose of this study is to describe the feasibility of the Students’ Worksheet with the mind mapping strategy to improve the students’ creative thinking skills on stoichiometry material. There are tree aspects which were observed in the students’ worksheets to measure the feasibility, those are content, presentation, and language. This study was conducted based on 4-D development model which has been modified into 3-D (define, design, and develop). The limited trial was implemented on 12 students of X Science 2 in Senior High School 3 Mojokerto. Furthermore, the results showed that from the three aspects of students’ worksheet which were content, presentation and language were categorized to be very feasible with the percentage 91.88%;93.55%;86.67 % . The students’ activities and responses were the data that obtained through the limited trials with the percentage 97.62% and 88.02% of each. Moreover, the increasing of the students’ creative thinking skills and learning outcomes can be seen from the N-Gain value which were 0.74 and 0.75, and belonged to high category. Based on the results it can be concluded that the students’ worksheet with a mind mapping strategy was feasible and able to improve the students’ creative thinking skills and learning outcomes on stoichiometry material
PENGARUH SUPERVISI KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN MOTIVASI KERJA GURU TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SD DI UPTD DIKBUD KECAMATAN WONOSALAM KABUPATEN DEMAK
Authors: Sumarmi Wiwik , Egar Ngasbun , Nurkolis Nurkolis
Published: January 2020

Tujuan dari penelitan ini adalah sebagai berikut: (1) untuk mengetahui pengaruh supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru. (2) untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi kerja guru terhadap kinerja guru. (3) untuk mengetahui pengaruh supervisi kepala sekolah dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru SD di Kecamatan Wonosalam Kabupaten Demak.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif korelasional atau mencari pengaruh supervisi kepala sekolah dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru. Populasi dalam penelitian ini guru SD di Kecamatan Wonosalam dengan jumlah 424 orang, sedangkan jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 206 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik proportional random sampling.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: (1) terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan supervisi kepala sekolah terhadap kineja guru sebesar 39,9% sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain, (2) terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan motivasi kerja guru terhadap kinerja guru sebesar 58,8%. sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain, (3) terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan supervisi kepala sekolah dan motivasi kerja guru secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja guru SD di Kecamatan Wonosalam sebesar 69,4% sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain.
PENGARUH PERAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN IKLIM ORGANISASI TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA GURU SD NEGERI DI KECAMATAN TENGARAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Handayani Harti , Retnaningdyastuti Retnaningdyastuti , Roshayanti Fenny
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) mengetahui pengaruh peran Kepala Sekolah terhadap kepuasan kerja guru, (2) mengetahui pengaruh iklim organisasi terhadap kepuasan kerja guru, dan (3) mengetahui pengaruh peran Kepala Sekolah dan iklim organisasi secara bersama-sama terhadap kepuasan kerja guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri di kecamatan Tengaran Kabupaten semarang.Populasi penelitian 320 guru SD Negeri di kecamatan Tengaran Kabupaten Semarang. Sampel 76 guru yang dipilih secara proporsional random sampling. Pengambilan data melalui kuesioner. Uji validitas, reliabilitas, normalitas data, linearitas, multikolinearitas, heterokedastisitas, uji regresi tunggal dan regresi ganda menggunakan SPSS for windows 21.           Hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan (1) pengaruh peran KepalaSekolah terhadap kepuasan kerja guru sebesar 33,7% dengan persamaan regresi Ŷ=77,556 + 0,248 X1, (2) pengaruh iklim organisasi terhadap kepuasan kerja guru sebesar 29,8 % dengan persamaan regresi Ŷ= 63,114 + 0,483 X2, dan (3) pengaruh peran Kepala Sekolah dan iklim organisasi secara bersama-sama terhadap kepuasan kerja guru sebesar 37,4%, persamaan regresi dengan koefisien positif Ŷ= 62,504 + 0,166 X1+ 0,239 X2Saran penelitian (a) dinas pendidikan hendaknya melakukan monitoring terhadap kinerja Kepala Sekolah secara terprogram, membuat program pengukuran iklim organisasi sekolah, memonitoring dan evaluasi kedisiplinan guru serta melakukan pembinaan kepala sekolah dan guru secara intensif (b) kepala sekolah hendaknya memperkuat iklim organisasi sekolah sehingga tercipta kegiatan belajar mengajar yang lebih kondusif, serta melibatkan guru dalam setiap pengambilan keputusan (c) guru hendaknya meningkatkan kepatuhan dan kedisiplinan dalam bekerja untuk mewujudkan kegiatan KBM yang lebih baik dan mendukung program kerja kepala sekolah.
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM MANAJEMEN PEMBIAYAAN PENDIDIKAN DI SMP IT NURUL ISLAM TENGARAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Wijayanti Enik , Sudharto Sudharto , Roshayanti Fenny
Published: January 2020

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) Partisipasi masyarakat dalam perencanaan pembiayaan pendidikan, (2) Partisipasi masyarakat dalam pelaksanaan pembiayaan pendidikan, (3) Partisipasi masyarakat dalam evaluasi pembiayaan pendidikan, (4) Masalah yang menghambat partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembiayaan pendidikan di SMPIT Nurul Islam Tengaran.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Peneliti sebagai instrumen atau alat penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun pengecekan keabsahan data melalui kredibilitas, keteralihan, kebergantungan dan kepastian.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya partisipasi masyarakat dalam perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi pembiayaan pendidikan di SMPIT Nurul Islam Tengaran Kabupaten Semarang. Partisipasi masyarakat dalam perencanaan dilakukan dengan melibatkan masyarakat pada pengambilan keputusan. Partisipasi masyarakat dalam pelaksanaan tidak hanya dalam bentuk pengembangan sarana dan prasarana sekolah, tetapi juga tenaga untuk membantu kegiatan-kegiatan yang ada di sekolah. Partisipasi masyarakat dalam evaluasi dilaksanakan dengan berdasar pada prinsip transparansi penggunaan anggaran di mana setiap dana yang masuk dan keluar dalam berbagai kegiatan dilakukan pengadministrasian. Masalah-masalah yang muncul berkaiatan dengan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembiayaan pendidikan antara lain belum semua masyarakat ikut berpartisipasi, dan belum memaksimalkan partisipasi masyarakat melalui CSR, LSM atau perguruan tinggi di sekitar sekolah
FEATURES AND DETERMINANTS OF DEVIANT BEHAVIOR OF TEENAGERS
Authors: Kulakova Julia , Smirniva Olga
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of deviant behavior of adolescents. The authors conclude that one of the factors of deviant behavior is the inferiority of the family, namely attention deficit. The material well-being of the family, the level of prosperity also affects the deviance of minors. Deviant behavior can occur for various reasons from internal experiences to external pressure from adults, including criminals. Significant age characteristics of minors that cause behavior deviations are: incompleteness of the process of personality formation; lack of their own mechanisms for overcoming difficulties; contradictory feelings, a combination of sensitivity and cruelty; increased sexual desire; inadequate self-esteem and self-doubt; impulsivity; maximalism in assessments; stubbornness and suggestibility; insufficiently developed ability to objectively assess specific actions, to self-control behavior; lack of life experience, skills for constructive problem solving; not the ability to find the most acceptable ways to resolve complex life situations, low resistance to stress.
Features of the regulation of land relations during the Great Patriotic War
Authors: Sharno Oksana , Frolov Sergey
Published: January 2020

The paper considers the features of legal regulation of land resources during the Great Patriotic War, analyzes the legal prerequisites for land management preceding the war period, the specifics of land use in the war years, assesses the advantages and disadvantages of land military management in the context of land relations in modern Russia.