bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Charge Transfer in Self-Assembled Fullerene-Tetraphenylporphyrin Non-Covalent Multilayer
Authors: Ortiz-Soto Karla A. , Jaramillo-Quintero Oscar A. , Alvarez-Zauco Edgar , Rincon Marina E.
Published: January 2022

Self-assembly of organic molecules is a promising method for generating multilayer systems for fabrication of functional devices. In particular, fullerene (C60) and porphyrin molecules offer a variety of binding modes, including π–π interactions, dipole electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bonding, to tailor the charge separation and charge recombination limiting device performance. Here, we investigate multilayer systems obtained by the sequential physical vapor deposition of C60 and tetraphenylporphyrin (H2TPP) layers, focusing on the effect of the interfaces on the charge transfer processes. Absorbance spectra indicate noncovalent-like π-stacking, with the increment of fullerene interfaces shifting the porphyrin Soret band toward the blue. Similarly, surface photovoltage measurements in the multilayer systems show that as the number of interfaces increases, so does the photogeneration of charge. Charge separation follows carrier generation given that the recombination time, associated to trap states, decreases. This behavior indicates that the Donor-Acceptor nature of the fullerene-porphyrin bilayer system is conserved, and even enhanced in the multilayer film, and that the number of interfaces aids to the formation of selective paths for charge carrier collection, demonstrating its potential in optoelectronic devices.
Constructions of Optimal Optical Orthogonal Codes with Weights Set

5,7

via Cyclic Packing
Authors: Huang Bichang , Luo Dan , Zhu Wenxing
Published: January 2022

Double-weight optical orthogonal codes are variable-weight optical orthogonal codes (OOCs), which have been widely applied in optical networks and systems. Some works have been devoted to optimal

n
,
W
,
1
,
Q

-OOCs with

max

w
:
w
∈
W

≤
6

. So far, there is no explicit construction of optimal

n
,
W
,
1
,
Q

-OOCs with

W
=

5,7

. It is known that heavier-weight codewords have better code performance than lighter-weight codewords. So, in this paper, we use cyclic packing to construct two infinite classes of optimal OOCs with weights set

5,7

explicitly, for any prime

p
≡
3

mod
4

and

p
≥
7

. In addition, for

1
≤
t
<

p
−
1

/
2

, by breaking

t

blocks of size 7 into 3 of

31
p
,

5,7

,
1
,

1
/
2

,

1
/
2

-OOCs and

41
p
,

5,7

,
1
,

2
/
3

,

1
/
3

-OOCs, we obtain new infinite classes of optimal

31
p
,

3,5,7

,
1
,

7
t

/

p
−
1
+
6
t

,

p
−
1

/

2

p
−
1
+
6
t

,

p
−
1
−
2
t

/

2

p
−
1
+
6
t

-OOCs and

41
p
,

3,5,7

,
1
,

14
t

/

3

p
−
1
+
4
t

,

2

p
−
1

/

3

p
−
1
+
4
t

,

p
−
1
−
2
t

/

3

p
−
1
+
4
t

-OOCs, respectively.
CT Signs and Differential Diagnosis of Peripheral Lung Cancer and Inflammatory Pseudotumor: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zheng Shiyi , Shu Jie , Xue Jianan , Ying Caiyun
Published: January 2022

We aimed to systematically evaluate the imaging features of peripheral lung cancer and inflammatory pseudotumor. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Chinese Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database (Wanfang), and Chinese Biomedical Network (CBM) were searched to collect relevant studies on CT image comparison of peripheral lung cancer and inflammatory pseudotumor. The search time was from database establishment to July 15, 2021. The search language was limited to Chinese and English. Data from the literature were screened and extracted, and meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software. A total of 8 cohort studies were included in this meta-analysis, including 675 patients. Meta-analysis showed that the lesion size of inflammatory pseudotumor was greater than that of peripheral lung cancer, and the difference had statistical significance [SMD = 0.29, 95% CI (0.01, 0.58),

P
<
0.05

]. The difference in HU value between inflammatory pseudotumor and peripheral lung cancer CT had no statistical significance [SMD = −0.09, 95% CI (−0.79, 0.60),

P
>
0.05

]. The HU value of enhanced CT of inflammatory pseudotumor was higher than that of peripheral lung cancer, and the difference had statistical significance [SMD = 0.75, 95% CI (0.15, 1.34),

P
<
0.05

]. The incidence of calcification of inflammatory pseudotumor was significantly higher than that of peripheral lung cancer, and the difference had statistical significance [RR = 2.85, 95% CI (1.33, 6.11),

P
<
0.05

]. The incidence of long hair puncture sign of inflammatory pseudotumor was lower than that of peripheral lung cancer, and the difference had statistical significance [RR = 0.49, 95% CI (0.24, 0.97),

P
<
0.05

]. There was no significant difference between inflammatory pseudotumor and peripheral lung cancer in terms of cavity incidence, vacuole sign, pleural indentation, and bronchial inflation sign (

P
>
0.05

). Based on the available literature evidence, it can be found that there are differences in the CT signs between peripheral lung cancer and inflammatory pseudotumor, and the lesion size, HU value on enhanced CT, incidence of calcification, and incidence of burr sign may be important indicators for differentiating peripheral lung cancer from inflammatory pseudotumor.
Investigation of Weight Fraction and Alkaline Treatment on Catechu Linnaeus/Hibiscus cannabinus/Sansevieria Ehrenbergii Plant Fibers-Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composites
Authors: Rangaraj R. , Sathish S. , Mansadevi T. L. D. , Supriya R. , Surakasi Raviteja , Aravindh M. , Karthick Alagar , Mohanavel V. , Ravichandran M. , Muhibbullah M. , Osman Sameh M.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the present work is to develop novel hybrid composites using areca, kenaf, and snake grass fibers as reinforcement and epoxy as the matrix. The areca, kenaf, and snake grass fibers were extracted from Catechu Linnaeus, Hibiscus cannabinus, and Sansevieria Ehrenbergii plants, respectively, and treated with 5% NaOH to improve the interfacial adhesion between the hydrophilic fiber and the hydrophobic matrix. Hybrid composites were developed by the compression molding technique and formulated based on the weight fraction of fibers. Tensile, flexural, and impact strength and hardness samples were prepared as per ASTM D 3039, ASTM D 790, ASTM D 256, and ASTM D 2240, respectively. The effects of alkaline treatment on developed hybrid composites were investigated. The developed hybrid composites with 20% wt. snake grass and 10% wt. areca fiber present interesting mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 58 MPa, flexural strength of 124 MPa, impact strength of 5.24 kJ/m2, and hardness of 88. The results indicate that maximum mechanical properties were obtained for alkaline-treated fiber composites with 20% wt. snake grass fiber compared to untreated fiber composites owing to better adhesion between the treated fiber and the matrix. The effect of alkaline treatment was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared. The fractured surfaces of tested samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy.
Reflection Characteristics of Airy Beams Impinging on Graphene-Substrate Surfaces
Authors: Wu Fuping , Hui Yuanfei , Cui Zhiwei , Wang Ju
Published: January 2022

In this work, we analytically and numerically investigate the reflection characteristics of the airy beams impinging on graphene-substrate surfaces. The explicit analytical expressions for the electric and magnetic field components of the airy beams reflected from a graphene-substrate interface are derived. The local-field amplitude, Poynting vector, and spin and orbital angular momentum of the reflected airy beams with different graphene structure and beam parameters are presented and discussed. The results show that the reflection properties of the airy beams can be flexibly tuned by modulating the Fermi energy of the graphene and have a strong dependence on the incident angle and polarization state. These results may have potential applications in the modulation of airy beams and precise measurement of graphene structure parameters.
Biological Engineering Analysis of Vermicompost Based on Image Features and Machine Learning
Authors: Wang Hongyan , Wang Ling , Liu Jiabin , Nie Ying , Wang Daqing
Published: January 2022

Earthworm manure is a soil enhancement product that is homogeneous, permeable, ecological, and organic. It has a particle structure that is substantially greater than the soil’s surface area. Using a suitable quantity of earthworm fertilizer in the soil will improve the nutritional state of the soil surface, as well as the microbial control system and drainage capacity. Bioengineering earthworm dung is now a tough challenge, but picture quality evaluation can help enhance the organic fertilizer treatment process for earthworm manure. Researchers began researching appropriate assessment methods in order to assure the influence of earthworm excrement and to precisely and effectively measure changes in image quality. As a result, we must first determine the consistency qualities, extract the image's color and texture, and then create a comparable vector with 11 dimensions. Finally, we learn how to train the picture quality regression model using the mechanical learning (ML) approach. As a result, an effective and precise image quality evaluation system was created, and earthworm manure bioengineering was effectively applied.
Production and Optimization of Energy Rich Biofuel through Co-Pyrolysis by Utilizing Mixed Agricultural Residues and Mixed Waste Plastics
Authors: Vibhakar Chirag , Sabeenian R. S. , Kaliappan S. , Patil Pandurang Y. , Patil Pravin P. , Madhu P. , Sowmya Dhanalakshmi C. , Ababu Birhanu Habtewolde
Published: January 2022

Two totally waste products, agricultural residues and mixed plastic wastes collected from domestic and industrial sectors, are used in this study for the recovery of energy rich biofuel and value-added chemicals. The copyrolysis experiments using fixed bed reactor are conducted in order to analyse the synergetic effects. The experimental works are carried out with different proportion of mixed plastics blended with agricultural residues. The reaction temperature and biomass-to-waste plastics ratio on product distributions are studied and addressed. The thermogravimetric analysis conducted at different temperatures clearly distinguished the pyrolysis behaviours of biomass and plastics. The positive synergistic effects defined as higher yield of volatiles compared to predicted yield for bio-oil were identified at particular mixing ratio. Both biomass wastes and plastic wastes show optimal performance of 60.42 wt% oil yield at 60% addition of waste plastics. The oil products obtained under favourable conditions have a higher heating value compared to the oil obtained from biomass pyrolysis. The GC-MS study confirmed that the interaction between biomass and plastics during copyrolysis resulted in decreased oxygenated contents in the oil products.
A Novel Method for Handicrafts Design Based on Fusion of Multi-Intelligent Decision Algorithm
Authors: Sun Xiaotian
Published: January 2022

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, handicraft design has developed from artificial design to artificial intelligence design. Traditional handicraft design has the problems of long time consumption and low output, so it is necessary to improve the process technology. Artificial intelligence technology can provide optimized design steps in handicraft design and improve design efficiency and process level. Handicrafts are regarded as important social products and exist in people’s daily life. In the current society, many people do handicrafts and there are major exhibitions. Furthermore, the display of handicrafts is also very grand and shocking. In the design of handicrafts, the traditional design method cannot completely keep up with the production speed and efficiency of handicrafts. Therefore, this paper adopts the fusion multi-intelligent decision algorithm of multi-node branch design in the design method of handicraft. The algorithm model combination is used to analyze and design the layout of the handicraft, which speeds up the design efficiency and production of the handicraft. In this paper, two intelligent algorithms will be used for fusion; they are genetic algorithm and GA-PSO fusion algorithm obtained by particle swarm optimization and they are embedded in handicraft design method for application through mathematical model construction and function construction. After comparing the performance parameter index data of three intelligent algorithms and GA-PSO fusion algorithm, it is obtained that GA-PSO fusion algorithm is 97% correct and has 82% readability, 72% robustness, and 61% structure, making it have better important indicators. Four algorithms optimize each design problem in all aspects of handicraft design at present. Design efficiency, image distribution rate, image optimization degree, and image clarity are compared by simulation experiments. Compared with three intelligent algorithms, traditional design methods, and manual design methods, GA-PSO fusion algorithm can effectively improve the design method and design effect of handicrafts with 92.1% design efficiency, 82.7% image distribution rate, 94.3% image optimization degree, and 84% layout void rate. Finally, the space complexity experiment of four algorithms shows that GA-PSO algorithm can achieve 9.73 dispersion with 11.42 space complexities, which makes the dimension reduction relatively stable, and the algorithm can maintain stability in the design and application of handicrafts.
An Empirical Study of Platform Enterprises’ Privacy Protection Behaviors Based on fsQCA
Authors: Tang Yaojia , Wang Luna
Published: January 2022

Firms’ privacy protection strategies are affected by multiple factors. This study adopted a configurational perspective to examine how regulation policy environment, market structure, and the heterogeneity among enterprises affect their privacy protection policies. Using a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis of Chinese listed platform enterprises, we found that three configuration conditions were associated with enterprises formulating a privacy policy with a high level of protection and two configuration conditions were associated with enterprises formulating a privacy policy with a low level of protection. The results showed that privacy protection laws were a necessary condition to ensure that enterprises actively exercised privacy protection. Coordinated regulation systems based on the Personal Information Protection Law and industry standards are recommended as the best practice to safeguard privacy protection in China. As lack of competition can result in two polarized privacy protection strategies, regulatory policies should emphasize the balance between data protection and encouraging necessary data sharing. Furthermore, the conjunctive effect between market structure and business models affected privacy policy formulation, which suggests that the positive effects of users’ rational choices in a competitive market should be further reinforced.
Sapanisertib plus Fulvestrant in Postmenopausal Women with Estrogen Receptor–Positive/HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer after Progression on Aromatase Inhibitor
Authors: García-Sáenz José Á. , Martínez-Jáñez Noelia , Cubedo Ricardo , Jerez Yolanda , Lahuerta Ainhara , González-Santiago Santiago , Ferrer Nieves , Ramos Manuel , Alonso-Romero Jose L. , Antón Antonio , Carrasco Eva , Chen Jingjing , Neuwirth Rachel , Galinsky Kevin , Vincent Sylvie , Leonard E. Jane , Slamon Dennis
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

This phase II study investigated daily or weekly sapanisertib (a selective dual inhibitor of mTOR complexes 1 and 2) in combination with fulvestrant.

Patients and Methods:

Postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor–positive (ER+)/HER2-negative (HER2−) advanced or metastatic breast cancer following progression during/after aromatase inhibitor treatment were randomized to receive fulvestrant 500 mg (28-day treatment cycles), fulvestrant plus sapanisertib 4 mg daily, or fulvestrant plus sapanisertib 30 mg weekly, until progressive disease, unacceptable toxicity, consent withdrawal, or study completion.

Results:

Among 141 enrolled patients, baseline characteristics were balanced among treatment arms, including prior cyclin-dependent kinase-4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor treatment in 33% to 35% of patients. Median progression-free survival (PFS; primary endpoint) was 3.5 months in the single-agent fulvestrant arm, compared with 7.2 months for fulvestrant plus sapanisertib daily [HR, 0.77; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.47–1.26] and 5.6 months for fulvestrant plus sapanisertib weekly (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.53–1.45). The greatest PFS benefits were seen in patients who had previously received CDK4/6 inhibitors. The most common adverse events were nausea, vomiting, and hyperglycemia, all occurring more frequently in the combination therapy arms. Treatment discontinuation due to adverse events occurred more frequently in the two combination therapy arms than with single-agent fulvestrant (32% and 36% vs. 4%, respectively).

Conclusions:

Fulvestrant plus sapanisertib daily/weekly resulted in numerically longer PFS in patients with ER+/HER2− advanced or metastatic breast cancer, compared with single-agent fulvestrant. The combination was associated with increased toxicity. Further development of sapanisertib using these dosing schedules in this setting is not supported by these data.
Genetic Subtyping and Phenotypic Characterization of the Immune Microenvironment and MYC/BCL2 Double Expression Reveal Heterogeneity in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Xu-Monette Zijun Y. , Wei Li , Fang Xiaosheng , Au Qingyan , Nunns Harry , Nagy Máté , Tzankov Alexandar , Zhu Feng , Visco Carlo , Bhagat Govind , Dybkaer Karen , Chiu April , Tam Wayne , Zu Youli , Hsi Eric D. , Hagemeister Fredrick B. , Sun Xiaoping , Han Xin , Go Heounjeong , Ponzoni Maurilio , Ferreri Andrés J.M. , Møller Michael B. , Parsons Benjamin M. , van Krieken J. Han , Piris Miguel A. , Winter Jane N. , Li Yong , Xu Bing , Albitar Maher , You Hua , Young Ken H.
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is molecularly and clinically heterogeneous, and can be subtyped according to genetic alterations, cell-of-origin, or microenvironmental signatures using high-throughput genomic data at the DNA or RNA level. Although high-throughput proteomic profiling has not been available for DLBCL subtyping, MYC/BCL2 protein double expression (DE) is an established prognostic biomarker in DLBCL. The purpose of this study is to reveal the relative prognostic roles of DLBCL genetic, phenotypic, and microenvironmental biomarkers.

Experimental Design:

We performed targeted next-generation sequencing; IHC for MYC, BCL2, and FN1; and fluorescent multiplex IHC for microenvironmental markers in a large cohort of DLBCL. We performed correlative and prognostic analyses within and across DLBCL genetic subtypes and MYC/BCL2 double expressors.

Results:

We found that MYC/BCL2 double-high-expression (DhE) had significant adverse prognostic impact within the EZB genetic subtype and LymphGen-unclassified DLBCL cases but not within MCD and ST2 genetic subtypes. Conversely, KMT2D mutations significantly stratified DhE but not non-DhE DLBCL. T-cell infiltration showed favorable prognostic effects within BN2, MCD, and DhE but unfavorable effects within ST2 and LymphGen-unclassified cases. FN1 and PD-1–high expression had significant adverse prognostic effects within multiple DLBCL genetic/phenotypic subgroups. The prognostic effects of DhE and immune biomarkers within DLBCL genetic subtypes were independent although DhE and high Ki-67 were significantly associated with lower T-cell infiltration in LymphGen-unclassified cases.

Conclusions:

Together, these results demonstrated independent and additive prognostic effects of phenotypic MYC/BCL2 and microenvironment biomarkers and genetic subtyping in DLBCL prognostication, important for improving DLBCL classification and identifying prognostic determinants and therapeutic targets.
Exposure–Response Analysis to Support Nivolumab Once Every 4 Weeks Dosing in Combination with Cabozantinib in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Hamuro Lora , Hu Zheyi , Passarell Julie , Barcomb Heather , Zhang Joshua , Goldstein Shay , Bello Akintunde , Roy Amit , Zhu Li
Published: January 2022

Purpose:

A benefit:risk assessment for a less-frequent nivolumab 480 mg every 4 weeks + cabozantinib 40 mg every day dosing regimen was predicted using modeling and simulation of clinical trial data from nivolumab monotherapy studies and from the nivolumab 240 mg every 2 weeks + cabozantinib 40 mg every day dosing regimen, which demonstrated clinical benefit versus sunitinib in previously untreated advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) in the phase III CheckMate 9ER trial (NCT03141177).

Patients and Methods:

Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses were conducted using nivolumab monotherapy data in previously treated aRCC and data from CheckMate 9ER to evaluate progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and grade ≥2 immune-mediated adverse events (IMAE).

Results:

Nivolumab 240 mg every 2 weeks + cabozantinib versus nivolumab monotherapy showed improvement in PFS (HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.31–0.47), OS (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.46–0.85), and increased risk of grade ≥2 IMAEs (HR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.79–2.67). Nivolumab exposure was not a predictor of PFS/OS or grade ≥2 IMAEs. Lower nivolumab clearance, male sex, higher baseline bodyweight, and Karnofsky performance (100) were each associated with PFS/OS improvements. Region and International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium poor score were negative OS predictors. Age, baseline albumin, and programmed death ligand 1 status were not significant PFS/OS predictors. Cabozantinib was a significant grade ≥2 IMAE predictor, driven by diarrhea and hepatic events. Model-predicted PFS/OS and grade ≥2 IMAE rates were similar (<2.5% difference) for nivolumab 240 mg every 2 weeks + cabozantinib and 480 mg every 4 weeks + cabozantinib.

Conclusions:

Comparable benefit:risk was predicted for nivolumab 480 mg every 4 weeks + cabozantinib and nivolumab 240 mg every 2 weeks + cabozantinib.
Association Between Aspirin Use and Gastric Adenocarcinoma: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kwon Sohee , Ma Wenjie , Drew David A. , Klempner Samuel J. , Leonardo Brianna M. , Flynn Jacqueline J. , Cao Yin , Giovannucci Edward L. , Bao Ying , Fuchs Charles S. , Song Mingyang , Chan Andrew T.
Published: January 2022

Prospective data examining the association of aspirin use, according to dose and duration, with long-term risk of gastric adenocarcinoma in non-Asian cohorts are lacking. We evaluated the association between aspirin use and risk of gastric adenocarcinoma in two large prospective U.S. cohort studies, the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate multivariable adjusted HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Among the 159,116 participants, we documented 316 gastric adenocarcinoma cases (176 women, 140 men) over 34 years encompassing 4.5 million person-years. Among women, regular aspirin use (at least two times or more per week) was significantly associated with lower risk of gastric adenocarcinoma (multivariable HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.37–0.73) compared with nonregular use. However, regular aspirin use was not associated with gastric adenocarcinoma risk among men (multivariable HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.77–1.52; Pheterogeneity for sex = 0.003). Among women, the lower risk of gastric adenocarcinoma was more apparent with increasing duration of aspirin use (Ptrend < 0.001) and more than five tablets per week (multivariable HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.31–0.84). Regular, long-term aspirin use was associated with lower risk of gastric adenocarcinoma among women, but not men. The benefit appeared after at least 10 years of use and was maximized at higher doses among women. The heterogeneity by sex in the association of aspirin use with risk of gastric adenocarcinoma requires further investigation.

Prevention Relevance:

Novel prevention is urgently needed to reduce incidence and mortality of gastric cancer. We found that regular aspirin use was associated with lower risk of gastric adenocarcinoma among women, but not men. The benefit appeared after at least 10 years of use and was maximized at higher doses among women.

See related Spotlight, p. 213
Concordance of Cytological Specimens with Histological Tissue for Detection of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chua Tzy Harn , Chuah Khoon Leong
Published: January 2022

Introduction: There is increasing need for more testing in non-small cell lung cancer given the introduction of newer targeted therapies. Cytological specimens including conventional smears (CS), cell blocks (CB), and liquid-based cytology (LBC) are an alternative to histologic tissue (HT) specimens in detecting EGFR mutations, but the concordance of these 2 specimens is yet to be determined. The aim of the present systematic review is to determine the concordance rates between different cytologic specimens with HT in detecting EGFR mutations. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were utilized in the primary search, along with reference lists of electronically retrieved full-text articles. Concordance rates were pooled together if 2 or more studies reporting the same type of cytologic specimen were available. Results: Overall, 15 studies were included in this review, with 13 studies included in the pooled analysis. There was an overall concordance rate of 92.8% in 593 paired cytologic and HT specimens, with LBC having the highest concordance rate of 96.0%, followed by CS and CB, each with a concordance rate of 95.8%, although the concordance rate of CS and/or CB was lower at 90.6% with a larger pool of studies. LBC was found to have a significantly higher concordance rate than CS and/or CB. Conclusion: Cytological specimens have a high concordance rate in detecting EGFR mutations, when compared to HT. LBC has shown superior concordance rates compared to CS and CB. Cytological specimens should be considered as an additional and alternative source of diagnostic material for EGFR testing.
The Preventive Effects of Boron-Based Gel on Radiation Dermatitis in Patients Being Treated for Breast Cancer: A Phase III Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Sahin Fikrettin , Pirouzpanah Mohammad Bagher , Bijanpour Hossein , Mohammadzadeh Mohammad , Eghdam Zamiri Reza , Ghasemi Jangjoo Amir , Nasiri Behnam , Saboori Hojjatollah , Doğan Ayşegül , Demirci Selami , Ayşan Erhan , Çağrı Büke Ahmet , Naseri Ali Reza , Shakouri Seyed Kazem , Aghamohammadi Dawood , Alizade-Harakiyan Mostafa , Seyed Nejad Farshad
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Radiation dermatitis (RD) is a side effect of radiation therapy (RT) which is experienced by over 90% of patients being treated for breast cancer. The current clinical trial was conducted to measure the preventative effects of a boron-based gel on several different clinical outcomes (dermatitis, erythema, dry desquamation, and moist desquamation) after 25 radiotherapy sessions. Methods: This research used a double-blind parallel-group design with a placebo control (n = 76) and randomized group (n = 181), with all participants being between 18 and 75 years old. Fifteen minutes before each radiotherapy, participants in the intervention group were given a gel containing 3% sodium pentaborate pentahydrate, while those in the placebo group received a gel with no chemical substance. Dermatitis, erythema, dry desquamation, and moist desquamation were compared between the 2 groups. Results: At baseline, there were no significant differences between the groups (p > 0.05), except for body mass index. After 14 days of treatment, dermatitis (98.7% vs. 9.9%; p < 0.001), erythema (96.1% vs. 12.2%; p < 0.001), dry desquamation (50% vs. 3.9%; p < 0.001), and moist desquamation (18.4% vs. 0.6%; p < 0.001) were much more common in the placebo group than the intervention group. To prevent dermatitis, erythema, dry desquamation, and moist desquamation in 1 patient, on average, 1.1 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–1.2), 1.2 (95% CI: 1.1–1.3), 2.2 (95% CI: 1.7–2.9), and 5.6 (95% CI: 3.8–11.0) patients need to be treated, respectively. Conclusion: The boron-based gel has a significant preventive effect on several categories of RD which might be used by clinicians in breast cancer.
Hematohidrosis, Hemolacria, and “Trichorrhage”: A Systematic Review
Authors: Carrion-Alvarez Diego , Trejo-Castro Alejandro I. , Salas-Garza Mauricio , Fajardo-Ramirez Oscar Raul , Salas-Alanis Julio Cesar
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Hematohidrosis and hemolacria are 2 conditions surrounded in religiousness, mysticism, and supernatural superstitions. While the mechanism is still unclear, these cases have amazed physicians for centuries. Methods: We performed a systematic review in PubMed from 2000 to mid-2021 accounting for 75 studies from which we included 60 cases in 53 articles which were described. Results: The median age of apparition was 24 years with the youngest case being 12 and the oldest 81. Some of the diseases were secondary to other causes such as hemangiomas and other neoplasias or epistaxis episodes. Most of the cases have been reported in India and the USA; most of them correspond to hemolacria alone (51.6%). Discussion: We have stated the basics of the substances involved in the coagulation process that have been described as genetically altered in some patients such as mucins, metalloproteinases, and fibrinogen, as well as propose a mechanism that can explain the signs of this particular entity and approach to its treatment as well as provide the first trichoscopy image of a patient with hemolacria.
Prognostic Importance of Pulmonary Artery Pulsatility Index and Right Ventricular Stroke Work Index in End-Stage Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Bayram Zubeyde , Dogan Cem , Efe Suleyman Cagan , Karagoz Ali , Guvendi Busra , Uysal Samet , Akbas Ravza Betul , Acar Rezzan Deniz , Akbal Ozgur Yasar , Yilmaz Fatih , Tokgoz Hacer Ceren , Kirali Mehmet Kaan , Kaymaz Cihangir , Ozdemir Nihal
Published: January 2022

Background: Right ventricular (RV) failure is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with left ventricular (LV) end-stage heart failure (ESHF). Pulmonary artery pulsatility index (PAPi) and RV stroke work index (RVSWI) are invasive parameters related to RV function. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of PAPi and RVSWI in these patients. Methods and Results: In this study, 416 patients with ESHF were included. The adverse cardiac event (ACE) was defined as LV assist device implantation, urgent heart transplantation, or cardiac mortality. There were 218 ACE cases and 198 non-ACE cases over a median follow-up of 503.50 days. Patients with ACE had lower PAPi and similar RVSWI compared to those without ACE (3.1 ± 1.9 vs. 3.7 ± 2.3, p = 0.003 and 7.3 ± 4.9 vs. 6.9 ± 4.4, p = 0.422, respectively). According to the results of multivariate analysis, while PAPi (from 2 to 5.65) was associated with ACE, RVSWI (from 3.62 to 9.75) was not associated with ACE (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.55–0.95], p = 0.031; HR: 0.79, 95% CI: [0.58–1.09], p = 0.081, respectively). Survival analysis revealed that PAPi ≤2.56 was associated with a higher ACE risk compared to PAPi >2.56 (HR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.11–1.92, p = 0.006). PAPi ≤2.56 could predict ACE with 56.7% sensitivity and 51.3% specificity at 1 year. Furthermore, the association between RVSWI and ACE was nonlinear (J-curve pattern). Low and high values seem to be associated with higher ACE risk compared to intermediate values. Conclusion: The low PAPi was an independent risk for ACE and it had a linear association with it. However, RVSWI seems to be have a nonlinear association with ACE (J-curve pattern).
Effect of Obesity and Roux-En-Y Gastric Surgery on Omeprazole Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Portolés-Pérez Antonio , Paterna Ana Belén Rivas , Sánchez Pernaute Andrés , Torres García Antonio José , Moreno Lopera Carmen , Chicharro Luis M. , Bandrés Fernando , López-Picado Amanda , Rubio Miguel A. , Castrillón Emilio Vargas
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally. The principal aim was to evaluate whether gastric bypass surgery modifies the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of omeprazole. Methods: Controlled, open-label, bioavailability clinical trial in patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Healthy patients with obesity (body mass index >35) were included and assessed for omeprazole PKs before and after RYGB (1 and 6 months). PK sampling was done at baseline and several times up to 12 h after drug dosing. Pre- and post-surgery parameters were compared using paired ANOVA or Wilcoxon tests, and control versus cases using ANOVA or Mann-Whitney tests. Given the post-surgery change in body weight, parameters were corrected by dose/body weight. Results: Fourteen case and 24 control subjects were recruited; 92% were women (N = 35/38). In patients who underwent RYGB, maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was significantly reduced at 1 and 6 months after surgery compared with presurgery values (p = 0.001). Regarding the AUC, the values are lower at 1 and 6 months after surgery than at baseline (p < 0.001). The drug clearance was also increased in the first month after surgery. No differences were found between patients 6 months after surgery and controls. Cmax and AUC corrected by dose/body weight were significantly different between the baseline surgery subjects and controls. Discusion/Conclusions: Omeprazole bioavailability is reduced in patients with obesity at 1 and 6 months after RYGB. However, omeprazole PK parameters 6 months after RYGB are similar to control subjects, and thus no dose correction is required after RYGB for a given indication.
Complex Compound with Transitional Metal of Akway Bark (Drimys piperita Hook F.) as Low Molecular Weight Scavenging Antioxidant: A Computational Study
Authors:   Brawijaya University, Malang, Papua University, Papua., Hutasoit Hostalige , Joseph Djoko Dionysius ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawiaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia, Sumitro Sutiman ,   Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia, Bambang Widjanarko Simon ,   Faculty of Agricultural, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia
Published: January 2022

Akway (Drimys piperita Hook f.) was known as an endogenous plant of Indonesia. This plant was investigated as free radical scavenger based on paramagnetic properties. This study aimed to identify the bioactive compound and the role of Fe metals ions to enhance the free radical scavenger capacity as Low molecular weight antioxidant (LWMA) of akway. This study was designed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with ultra-high-resolution time of flight-mass spectrometry detector (TOF-MS), docking (Pyrex and Discovery Studio 2016 Client) and pharmacokinetic properties prediction (SwissADME). UPLC-TOF-MS analysis showed that herbal akway bark has five molecular formula (C4H3N10O21-, C14H19N4O91-, C4H7N6O51-, C15H28NO31+, and C23H32NO71+). The docking was illustrated the complex binding akway formula with Fe and its role as a metal donor and metal acceptor. It also confirmed on pharmacokinetics properties prediction which molecular compounds of akway have aqueous solubility. It meant the herbal akway bark complexed to Fe could be a low molecular weight antioxidant and it could be escalated free radical scavenger capacity
The Identity of the Herb Toddaâ€“Vaddi in Van Rheedeâ€™s Hortus Malabaricus
Authors:   Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Daniel Jisha , Sukumaran Santhoshkumar Ettickal ,   Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Rajendraprasad Madhavan ,   Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, William Decruse Sabarimuthan ,   Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram
Published: January 2022

The ambiguity in the botanical identity of Todda-vaddi in van Rheede’s Hortus Malabaricus is clarified and reinstated as Biophytum reinwardtii (Zucc.) Klotzsch. A detailed description, photographs, and other relevant notes are provided. Keywords: Biophytum reinwardtii, B. candolianum, Todda-vaddi, Hortus Malabaricus
In silico Characterization of UGT74G1 Protein in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni Accession MS007
Authors:   Department of Plant Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, Khan Afiqah , Mokthar Nor ,   Department of Plant Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, Zainuddin Zarina ,   Department of Plant Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia, Samsulrizal Nurul ,   Department of Plant Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
Published: January 2022

Due to its low-calorie property, Stevia rebaudiana is being promoted as an alternative sweetener for diabetic and obese patients. The steady demand in the market for high-quality stevia extracts presents a challenge for the enhanced production of steviol glycosides that are safe for human consumption. This study characterized the structure and content of the gene involved in the production of UGT74G1 protein for Stevia rebaudiana accession MS007 through in silico analysis using a transcriptome dataset of stevia MS007. Homologous search using BLASTp shows high similarity to Q6VAA6 RecName: Full=UDP-glycosyltransferase 74G1 (S. rebaudiana) as the top hit sequence. InterPro family and domain protein motif search revealed UDP-glucuronosyl/UDP-glucosyltransferase (IPR002213) and UDP-glycosyltransferase family, conserved site (IPR035595). The phylogenetic tree construction was done by selecting 14 out of 102 protein sequences from BLASTp search. The phylogenetic analysis revealed a high value of bootstrapping, which was 100, indicating the high similarity between UGT74G1 (Q6VAA6.1 and Cluster-31069.45201) in S. rebaudiana. ProtParam ExPASy, PSIPRED, and Phyre2 computed the primary, secondary, and tertiary structures for UGT74G1 protein. The UGT74G1 predicted tertiary structure scored 100.0% confidence by the single highest scoring template and coverage of 96%. The model has dimensions (Å) of X: 57.609, Y: 70.386, and Z: 58.351. Outcomes of this research will help enhance understanding UDP-glycosyltransferase 74G1 (S. rebaudiana MS007) characteristics and enhance target identification processes to improve understanding of protein-protein interaction in S. rebaudiana MS007.
Mutation Analysis and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of TP53 Gene in Breast Cancer in East Java
Authors:   State University of Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia, Radhiyah Rizqa , Ardana I Kade Karisma ,   State University of Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia, Wisnubroto Wisnubroto Wisnubroto ,   Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital of Malang, Malang, Indonesia, Listyorini Dwi ,   State University of Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia, Susanto Hendra ,   State University of Malang, Malang 65145, Indonesia
Published: January 2022

The Incidence of Indonesia breast cancer case in 2018 was reported at 20.7% or 160,653 in number. The factors that caused breast cancer is TP53 gene mutation and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP). This study aimed to determine the mutation and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) of TP53 gene in breast cancer. Samples of this study were 9 people chosen based on a purposive technique. The methods include total DNA isolation, DNA quantification, PCR, and sequencing. The results of the sequencing were then analyzed using alignment and blast. The SNP is browsed by the SNP finder on NCBI both followed by protein modeling. The results of this study indicate the existence of mutation in the exon and intron regions. Substitution of Guanine (G) to base Adenine (A) is occur in codon 496 which is a coding region. SNP was also obtained in exon of sample 12. The conclusion of this study is breast cancer can be caused by mutations that occur in the exon and altered the structur of protein structure, so then affect the binding affinity between p53 and its target domain. Tp53 gene mutation is not the only cause of breast cancer staging development, there are other genes that also contribute to the development of cancer stage. In addition, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the TP53 gene can be used as a predisposition marker of breast cancer that has potential to be inherited
Hepatitis B prevalence in Brazilian waste pickers: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Souza-Silva Gabriel , Mol Marcos Paulo Gomes
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE: To describe the hepatitis B prevalence in Brazilian waste pickers. METHODS: We performed a literature search in the SciELO, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), PubMed and Web of Science databases using the descriptors: “hepatitis B” AND (“informal recycling” OR “waste picker” OR “recyclable waste collectors” OR “solid waste segregator”) AND (“recyclable waste” OR “solid waste”) AND Brazil. Epidemiological studies on HBV in Brazilian waste pickers published prior to February 2020 were included and evaluated for quality and bias using a funnel plot. RESULTS: This meta-analysis consisted of five articles. Prevalence of HBV surface antigen seropositivity was 14% (95%CI: 6%–22%) in Brazilian waste pickers. CONCLUSION: HBV prevalence in Brazilian waste pickers remains high. There should be more campaigns showing the importance of vaccination and personal protective equipment use.
Adaptação transcultural do Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire
Authors: Pereira Flávia Garcia , Viana Maria Carmen
Published: January 2022

OBJETIVO: Traduzir, adaptar e validar o conteúdo do Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire para uma versão em português, vigente no Brasil, nomeada como Questionário Internacional de Experiências Adversas na Infância. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo metodológico de adaptação transcultural de instrumentos de avaliação, em que são apresentados os resultados da equivalência semântica entre o instrumento original e a versão adaptada. A equivalência semântica do instrumento envolveu as seguintes etapas: 1) duas traduções e uma síntese das traduções; 2) duas retraduções; 3) validação de conteúdo realizado por oito profissionais da área da saúde; 4) síntese das retraduções; 5) pré-testes para avaliar a aceitabilidade, a compreensão e o impacto emocional das questões; e, por fim, 6) a elaboração da versão final do instrumento. RESULTADOS: A versão adaptada demonstrou ser de fácil aplicação e compreensão e obteve boa equivalência semântica quando comparada à original. As propriedades psicométricas do instrumento devem, ainda, ser avaliadas. Limitações e recomendações para a melhoria do instrumento e para a sua utilização são apresentadas. CONCLUSÃO: O processo de adaptação transcultural do Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire proporcionou uma versão adaptada para o português vigenteno Brasil.
Quantifying Cognitive Factors in Lexical Decline
Authors: Francis David , Rabinovich Ella , Samir Farhan , Mortensen David , Stevenson Suzanne
Published: January 2022

We adopt an evolutionary view on language change in which cognitive factors (in addition to social ones) affect the fitness of words and their success in the linguistic ecosystem. Specifically, we propose a variety of psycholinguistic factors—semantic, distributional, and phonological—that we hypothesize are predictive of lexical decline, in which words greatly decrease in frequency over time. Using historical data across three languages (English, French, and German), we find that most of our proposed factors show a significant difference in the expected direction between each curated set of declining words and their matched stable words. Moreover, logistic regression analyses show that semantic and distributional factors are significant in predicting declining words. Further diachronic analysis reveals that declining words tend to decrease in the diversity of their lexical contexts over time, gradually narrowing their ‘ecological niches’.
Idiomatic Expression Identification using Semantic Compatibility
Authors: Zeng Ziheng , Bhat Suma
Published: January 2022

Idiomatic expressions are an integral part of natural language and constantly being added to a language. Owing to their non-compositionality and their ability to take on a figurative or literal meaning depending on the sentential context, they have been a classical challenge for NLP systems. To address this challenge, we study the task of detecting whether a sentence has an idiomatic expression and localizing it when it occurs in a figurative sense. Prior research for this task has studied specific classes of idiomatic expressions offering limited views of their generalizability to new idioms. We propose a multi-stage neural architecture with attention flow as a solution. The network effectively fuses contextual and lexical information at different levels using word and sub-word representations. Empirical evaluations on three of the largest benchmark datasets with idiomatic expressions of varied syntactic patterns and degrees of non-compositionality show that our proposed model achieves new state-of-the-art results. A salient feature of the model is its ability to identify idioms unseen during training with gains from 1.4% to 30.8% over competitive baselines on the largest dataset.
Reconstruction of intrageneric relationships within the Indo-West Pacific littoral crab genus Metopograpsus (Decapoda, Brachyura, Grapsidae): an alternative speciation order according to a 28S rDNA molecular phylogeny
Authors: Mock Elisabeth , Schubart Christoph D.
Published: January 2022

The genus Metopograpsus H. Milne Edwards, 1853 is widespread throughout the Indo-West Pacific and currently consists of seven species that can only be separated by minor morphological differences. Therefore, it represents a good example for the usefulness of genetic analyses for identification and classification. In order to obtain phylogenetic information at both lower and higher evolutionary levels, it is best to use a combination of mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers. Here we present for the first time a molecular phylogeny based on a relative long fragment of the 28S rRNA nuclear gene for the genus Metopograpsus, after application of newly developed primers. Our data suggest an alternative intrageneric speciation order, with M. thukuhar and M. cannicci holding a basal position and a monophyletic grouping of M. frontalis, M. oceanicus and M. quadridentatus, which differs from prior phylogenetic reconstructions. Previously recognized intraspecific phylogeographic patterns in M. latifrons and M. quadridentatus could not be confirmed, due to limited variability of this conserved nuclear gene and due to an incomplete geographic coverage of the corresponding species. In contrast, the previously indicated phylogenetic subdivision within the formerly widespread species M. thukuhar, which led to the recent description of M. cannicci, is here supported.