bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Texts
Authors: Pelli Giuseppe
Published: May 2021

This chapter presents select excerpts from Cesare Beccaria Bonesana's On Crimes and Punishments. It examines whether the death penalty really is useful and just in a government that is well administered. The chapter argues that the death penalty is for most people a spectacle, and for some an object of compassion blended with disdain. These are the two sentiments that take hold of the minds of spectators, rather than the salutary terror that the law claims to inspire. The chapter then takes a look at Beccaria, Gallarati Scotti and Risi's opinion Against the Death Penalty. It discusses the drafting of the new penal code — The Criminal Law Committee. Ultimately, it infers that the death penalty is inappropriate because it is irreversible; we bear in mind the inevitable imperfection of human judgements. Even if the death were a just penalty, even if it were the most efficacious of all punishments, in order for it to be justly applied to a particular criminal, it would be necessary that he be proven to be guilty in such a way that the possibility of the contrary is excluded.
Introduction
Authors: Klainerman Sergiu , Szeftel Jérémie
Published: May 2021

This introductory chapter provides a quick review of the basic concepts of general relativity relevant to this work. The main object of Albert Einstein's general relativity is the spacetime. The nonlinear stability of the Kerr family is one of the most pressing issues in mathematical general relativity today. Roughly, the problem is to show that all spacetime developments of initial data sets, sufficiently close to the initial data set of a Kerr spacetime, behave in the large like a (typically another) Kerr solution. This is not only a deep mathematical question but one with serious astrophysical implications. Indeed, if the Kerr family would be unstable under perturbations, black holes would be nothing more than mathematical artifacts. The goal of this book is to prove the nonlinear stability of the Schwarzschild spacetime under axially symmetric polarized perturbations, namely, solutions of the Einstein vacuum equations for asymptotically flat 1 + 3 dimensional Lorentzian metrics which admit a hypersurface orthogonal spacelike Killing vectorfield Z with closed orbits.
Main Theorem
Authors: Klainerman Sergiu , Szeftel Jérémie
Published: May 2021

This chapter presents the main theorem, its main conclusions, as well as a full strategy of its proof, divided in nine supporting intermediate results, Theorems M0–M8. The chapter specifies the closeness to Schwarzschild of the initial data in the context of the Characteristic Cauchy problem. The conclusions of the main theorem can be immediately extended to the case where the data are specified to be close to Schwarzschild on a spacelike hypersurface Σ‎. The chapter then outlines the main bootstrap assumptions. It also provides a short description of the results concerning the General Covariant Modulation procedure, which is at the heart of the proof.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran IPA Menggunakan Model Problem Based Learning Dengan Media Puzzle Terhadap Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Pada Ateri Pencemaran Lingkungan
Authors:   Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Lampung, Indah Neneng , Marpaung Rini Rita T ,   Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Lampung, Sikumbang Darlen ,   Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Lampung
Published: May 2021

This research aims to determine the effect of Problem Based Learning using puzzle media on students' critical thinking. The study population was all grade VII students at SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Bandar Lampung totaling 192 people. The research sample was students from 2 classes, namely class VII D and VII F who were selected from the population by using purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used a pretest-posttest sheet. The design used is the nonequivalent control group design. The data analysis used t-test with a significance of 5%. The results showed a sig significance value. (2-tailed) 0.13 <0.05, which means that the n-Gain mean of critical thinking learning outcomes of students between the experimental class and the control class is significantly different. Thus, it is known that the problem-based learning model using puzzle media can affect the critical thinking skills of students.
Analisis Manajemen Pembelajaran Online Berbasis Media Sosial WhatsApp untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Materi Sistem Pencernaan
Authors:   Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palangka Raya, Nurhayati Mieke , Hujjatusnain Noor ,   Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palangka Raya
Published: May 2021

This research is a quantitative descriptive study. The research sample were 58 students at SMPN-1 Mentaya Hilir Utara, Kotawaringin Timur Regency. The learning management instrument used an assessment questionnaire for planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating learning which was assessed by 4 observers. learning outcomes were analyzed using classical assumption tests consisting of normality tests and homogeneity tests, as well as hypothesis testing using the Paired sample T test and Independent sample T test. The results of the study found that the management of online learning based on whatsApp social media was carried out "good" and the learning motivation of students was in the "medium" category. Online learning based on whatsApp social media has a significant effect on improving the learning outcomes of students' digestive system material, so it can be recommended as an alternative learning model during a pandemic.
Mengukur Keterampilan Diskusi Tertulis di Media Sosial (Whatsapp) Menggunakan Rubrik Penilaian Diskusi
Authors:   Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Lampung, Pramudiyanti Pramudiyanti
Published: May 2021

The research objective was to explain the use of a written discussion skills assessment rubric on Whatsapp social media. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using literature review and survey methods. Respondents consisted of teaching staff in the Biology Education Study program. Data obtained using a questionnaire and google search application. The results obtained are 18 literatures regarding discussion as a learning method and as a skill, there are 4 articles that suggest face-to-face discussion assessment rubrics. The use of written discussion rubrics, namely 1) makes it easy for teachers to assess student learning activities; 2) provide directions for teachers to practice written discussion skills for students; and 3) provide an overview of the students' discussion skills.
Analisis Keterampilan Proses Sains Peserta Didik Kelas VIII Dalam Pembelajaran Daring Di SMP
Authors:   Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Lampung, Pramudiyanti Pramudiyanti , Munazir Reni ,   Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Lampung
Published: May 2021

This study aims to obtain information about the level of science process skills skills of class VIII students during online learning on motion system material. The sample in this study was 161 class VIII students at SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Bandar Lampung for the 2020/2021 academic year. The research design used was Cross Sectional Ex Post Facto using Saturated Sampling technique. Methods of data collection using the method of tests, interviews, and questionnaires. Based on the results of research, the ability of science process skills carried out in online learning at SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Bandar Lampung belongs to the category "Enough" with a percentage of 46.85 %%. When viewed from the percentage of indicators, namely observing 33.13%, classifying 51.22%, predicting 58.74%, concluding 50.91%, and communicating 40.85%.
UTILIZATION OF BETEL LEAVES EXTRACT TO PREVENT THE GROWTH OF Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici 1 CAUSING FUSARIUM WILT DISEASE IN BELL PEPPER
Authors: Leana Ni Wayan Anik , Suprapta Dewa Ngurah
Published: May 2021

Utilization of betel leaves extract to prevent the growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici causing fusarium wilt diseasein bell pepper. Betel (Piper betle Linn.) is commonly used in Indonesian traditional medicine due to its antimicrobial properties,thus it is often used as an ingredient in natural pesticides. The effectiveness of betel leaf extract as a control for Fusariumoxysporum in several plants showed it’s potential to control the fungi in bell pepper. F. oxysporum f.sp. capsici is one of theimportant pathogens causing Fusarium wilt disease in bell pepper. It is one of the most devastating plant diseases due to itsability to cause a crop failure. The test on the inhibitory capacity of betel leaf extract on the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp.capsici were carried out by growing the fungi on PDA mixed with various concentrations of betel leaf extracts. The resultsshowed that betel leaf extract treatment at 0.02% concentration was able to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. capsici inPDA at 95.54%. The full inhibition of colony growth (100%) was achieved in the extract treated with the concentration of0.03%. Meanwhile treatment of 0.17% betel leaf extract was able to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. capsici on bellpepper stems. Following this result, fractionation of the betel leaf extract by column chromatography was conducted, resultingin 44 fractions. The bioassays of those fractions showed that, there were seven fractions that reveal inhibition capabilityagainst F. oxysporum f.sp. capsici.
DISTRIBUTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF FRUIT FLIES (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) ATTRACTED ON METHYL EUGANOL AND CUE LURE IN CENTRAL BANGKA REGENCY, BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Saputra Herry Marta , Afriyansyah Budi
Published: May 2021

Distribution and identification of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) attracted on methyl euganol and cue lure in CentralBangka Regency, Bangka Belitung. Not all fruit flies species of Dacini tribe were pests to fruit and fleshy vegetables. CentralBangka Regency is one of the citrus producer in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. Information about this fruit flies in thisarea was limited. This study aimed to make inventory and identification of fruit flies species of the Dacini tribe in CentralBangka Regency, Bangka Belitung. The research was conducted in Nibung, Penyak, and Terentang Villages in Central BangkaRegency, Bangka Islands. Lynfield traps were installed in a citrus cultivation area about 1.5 m above ground level. Lynfieldtraps were treated with the attractant and deltamethrin (2: 1; v / v) on dental cotton. Methyl eugenol and cue lure were usedto attract the male fruit flies. In Central Bangka Regency, 3 genera and 14 species of fruit flies were obtained from the tribeDacini. The fruit fly species of Bactrocera atrifemur, B. carambolae, B. dorsalis, B. occipitalis, and B. umbrosa were caughtin the methyl eugenol attractant trap. Meanwhile, the fruit fly species of B. albistrigata, B. fuscitibia, B. melastomatos,B. neocognata, B. nigrotibialis, Dacus nanggalae, Zeugodacus apicalis, Z. caudatus, and Z. cucurbitae were caught in thecue lure attractant trap. The fruit flies obtained from the two different attractants were used to develop dichotomous keys.
CROSS APPLICATION OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI RAW SECONDARY METABOLITES FOR CONTROLLING FUSARIUM WILT OF CHILI SEEDLINGS
Authors: Soesanto Loekas , Sari Lintang Yunita , Mugiastuti Endang , Manan Abdul
Published: May 2021

Cross application of entomopathogenic fungi raw secondary metabolites for controlling fusarium wilt of chili seedlings. Theresearch aimed to determine the effect of entomopathogenic fungi raw secondary metabolites on fusarium wilt on chili plants and on growth of chili. In vitro test used a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 5 replicate and in planta using a Randomized Block Design with 5 treatments and 5 replicatie including control, secondary metabolites of Beauveria bassiana B10, B. bassiana B16, Metarhizium anisopliae M16, dan Lecanicillium lecanii L16. Variables observed included inhibition ability, incubation period, desease intensity, plant height, root length, and phenolic compounds (tannins, saponin, and hydroquinone) content qualitatively. The results showed that secondary metabolites of B. bassiana B10, B. bassiana B16, M. anisopliae M16, and L. lecanii L16 were able to inhibit growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici by 50.62; 50,64; 48,62; 56.62%, respectively, extend incubation periods of 71.05; 73,38; 64.89; and 68.57%, respectively, suppress disease intensity by 99.99; 99.99; 99.99; and 99.99%, respectively, can increase plant height by 15.22; 18.8; 21.14; 21.69%, respectively, increasing the root length by 22.61; 25,71; 26,34; 33.50%, respectively, and can increase the content of tannins, saponins and hydroquinone compounds qualitatively compared to controls. The secondary metabolites of enthomopathogenic fungi could be used as organic control for soilborne pathogenic fungi.
Schizophrenia spectrum disorders in children and adolescents: prevalence and diagnostics
Authors: Pankova OF , Kazin NM , Ivanova SM
Published: May 2021

The significance of studying the prevalence, age- and sex-related differences and diagnostic aspects of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (F2 Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders) in pediatric and adolescent patients of mental health facilities is linked to the upcoming release of the International Classification of Diseases, Revision 11 (ICD-11). Its whole chapters have been updated, including disorders in the schizophrenia group. Diagnostic challenges posed by this debilitating group of mental disorders are associated with the diversity of clinical presentations, the incompleteness of psychopathological phenomena syndromes, and vague atypical symptoms. Changes in the prevalence of these disorders identified by the analysis of medical records at a mental health facility for children (a decline in the number of patients with F20, schizophrenia, and a surge in the number of patients with F21, schizotypal disorder) and significant disagreement about and disagreement about the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia spectrum disorders in children and adolescents, evaluation of their dynamics, outcomes, and the social functioning of the patient necessitate further prospective follow-up studies aimed at overcoming the identified difficulties in the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of such patients.
META-ANALISIS PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors:   Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, Luthfiyah Ririn Mustaqimatul , Taufiq Mohammad ,   Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, Ghufron Muhammad Syamsul ,   Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, Akhwani Akhwani ,   Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya
Published: May 2021

This study aims to describe the use of the Teams Games Tournament learning model towards learning outcomes in elementary schools. The method used in this study is the meta-analysis method. This research begins by formulating the topic to be investigated, then making the formulation of the problem and the purpose of the research, at the next stage collecting relevant articles to collect data. The data was obtained from online journal searches through Google Scholar. The keywords used are "Teams Games Tournament learning model" and "learning outcomes". From the search results there are 10 articles. Data obtained and analyzed again using quantitative methods. Based on the analysis of the Teams Games Tournament learning model with proven to be able to improve student learning outcomes with the significant result after being given treatment that 63.2 compared with the result before give treatment that is equal to 56.21 so thath in increases by 6.99. Keywords: Teams Games Tournament learning model, Learning Outcomes, Elementary School.
EKSISTENSI MEDIA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL DAN MEDIA AUDIOVISUAL DI FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN (FKIP) UNIVERSITAS PRIMA INDONESIA
Authors:   Universitas Prima Indonesia, Sembiring Rony Arahta , Waruwu Ermina ,   Universitas Prima Indonesia
Published: May 2021

This study aims to identify learning outcomes through the media used by students, focus student knowledge to determine the contribution of media in their learning, improve student expertise / knowledge, and provide opportunities for students to become innovative teachers. This research method applies descriptive qualitative data analysis and comparative quantitative. The research data was measured through test and non-test instruments. The research sample was FKIP students majoring in Indonesian and English through 2 general subjects, namely learning media and educational statistics. The results of the study have shown that the learning outcomes of the two majors do not show a significant difference. Furthermore, 24 questionnaire items showed that social media contributed more to student learning activities than audiovisual media. On the other hand, the observations show that students are more likely to behave negatively during research activities. Students feel uncomfortable if learning activities are dominated by media. Plus the imposition of online learning which requires virtual learning activities. So this research concludes that the existence of the media will be increasingly felt if it is collaborated with other relevant learning methods. Keywords: Media, Learning, Existence, FKIP Students
PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI PAEDAGOGIK GURU DALAM PENYUSUNAN PERENCANAAN PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI SUPERVISI AKADEMIK DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH SWASTA TIMBANG LAWAN BOHOROK
Authors:   MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH SWASTA TIMBANG LAWAN BOHOROK, Najmariah Najmariah
Published: May 2021

The writing of this School Action Research (PTS) was carried out by researchers of 9 educators (teachers) which consisted of 2 cycles by implementing the Improvement of Teacher's Pedagogical Competence in Preparing Learning Plans through Academic Supervision Can Improve the Quality of Teaching Teachers at Private Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Weigh Against Bohorok, The report on the results of the calculation of the Teacher's Learning Planning Ability about the initial correlation to the first cycle of 0.738 and the t test value of 4.283, as well as the calculation of the correlation of the first cycle to the second cycle of 0.921 and the t test value of 16.156 and the results of the calculation of the Learning Planning Component about the initial correlation to the first cycle of 0.713 and the value of the t test of 2.507, the calculation of the correlation between the first cycle and the second cycle is 0.875 and the t test value is 6.466. As well as the Improvement of Teacher's Pedagogical Competence in Preparing Learning Planning through Academic Supervision Getting Student Learning Outcomes at Private Madrasah Weigh Against Bohorok, with reports on the results of the calculation of the Average value of 9 Subjects about the initial correlation to the first cycle of 0.778 and the t-test value of 5.222 and calculations. The correlation between the first cycle and the second cycle is 0.934, and the t test value is 19.293. All calculation results show a significant value. Keywords: Teacher Pedagogic Competence, Learning Planning Compilation, Academic Supervision, Teacher Teaching Quality
PENGEMBANGAN PENUNTUN PRAKTIKUM IPA INOVATIF UNTUK SMP/MTs KELAS VIII SESUAI KURIKULUM 2013 Se-KABUPATEN TAPANULI TENGAH
Authors:   STKIP Riama Medan, Sianturi Bronika Septiani , Dongoran Jhonas ,   STKIP Riama Medan
Published: May 2021

This research was conducted to develop an integrated science practicum guide with the theme of inquiry-based photosynthesis for junior high school students with student learning outcomes and activities. This research is a Research and Development research with small-scale trials in class VIII A and large scale at VIIIB. The results showed that the practical guide was valid and feasible to use by obtaining an average score of> 3.2 from each expert. After calculating the n gain formula, the classical gain n value is 0.56 (moderate), with the classical completeness percentage is 100%. The results of the analysis of students' understanding using practicum guides have been developed with an average of 83.84. Meanwhile, the understanding of students who did not use the practicum guide that had been developed obtained an average of 62.20. This shows that the understanding of students using the practicum guide that was developed is higher than without using the practicum guide that has been developed. The results of student activity increased after the second meeting with an average of 85.47% of students belonging to the "active" and "very active" categories. So it can be concluded that the integrated science practicum guide for inquiry-based photosynthesis for junior high school students has proven valid and suitable for use in learning. Keywords: Research and Development (R & D), Inquiry, Practicum Guide
Health system status as an indicator of the realization of the right to health care
Authors: Goncharov Vitaly V. , Idrisov Hussein Vakhaevich , Sukhinina Sukhinina
Published: May 2021

This study analyses the impact of legal regulation that ensures the realization of the right to health care and medical care on the state of the health system. This study examines the concept and content of the right to health care and paid and free medical care, reveals the concepts of categories of quality and accessibility of medical services, and draws attention to their various aspects. The analysis of the current state of the health system is carried out. Some features of the provision of medical services to citizens are characterized, and the problems of violation of the right of citizens to medical care, the availability and quality of medical care are analysed. The study examines the varieties of health care management models existing in the world practice and reveals their advantages and disadvantages. The conclusion is made about the possibility of using individual elements of the studied models in Russian health care management.
Data-driven education quality management
Authors: Savinykh Galina P. , Shmeleva Anna G. , Ponomarev Vladimir G. , Kozlova Nadezhda P. , Polozhentseva Irina V.
Published: May 2021

A review of foreign and Russian research on the problems of assessing the quality of education at the institutional level is undertaken. Various aspects of the problem including the cross-country and sub-national contexts, the impact of international comparative research about in-school assessment, and teachers’ training in working with assessment data are compared. The effect of regional policies on the development of internal education quality evaluation systems in Russian schools is studied through analyzing official departmental websites. Expert evaluation method and the concordance coefficient are used to determine the key factors of the internal quality assessment system in general education institutions. The authors go beyond the control and inspection paradigm of education quality management and consider said systems from the point of the information-analytical paradigm. Data-driven management involves using data analysis and interpretation to predict students’ progress and motivational choice of educational profiles to design the content of electronic educational environments and individual educational trajectories.
Vejez: Protección Social y el Derecho a la Ciudad
Authors: Villacrés Endara Hugo , Saavedra Yépez Lorena
Published: May 2021

Este trabajo de investigación analiza la ausencia de correlación entre el crecimiento económico del Ecuador, ligado a la explotación petrolera, y un mayor número de afiliaciones a la Seguridad Social. En la práctica esto se traduce en menos protección social para los adultos mayores, es así que, actualmente, una de cada cuatro personas mayores de sesenta años recibe una pensión en el Ecuador, mientras en el IESS existen cinco afiliados por cada jubilado a octubre del 2020. Esta realidad se complejiza más si revisamos las características demográficas de la población, el aumento de la esperanza de vida, la reducción en la tasa de fecundidad y el decrecimiento del índice de natalidad de nuestro país. El bono demográfico del que actualmente gozamos concluirá en la década de los 40 de este siglo y todo parece indicar que el país no ha sido los suficientemente hábil como para acumular y redistribuir una mayor cantidad de riqueza (PIB per cápita) teniendo como premisa una mayor cantidad de población comprendida entre 15 y 60 años de edad (población en edad de trabajar). Como consecuencia de esto, es necesario replantearnos el esquema de seguridad social y el derecho a la ciudad para los adultos mayores en los próximos años, pues al 2050 representaremos el 20 % del total de habitantes en el país; y lo decimos de manera inclusiva porque los adultos jóvenes de hoy seremos los adultos mayores del mañana.
Estabilidad temporal y validez discriminante del Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck
Authors:   Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, Pagano Alejandro Emilio , Vizioli Nicolás Alejandro ,   Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Published: May 2021

Background: Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent worldwide, followed by depressive disorders. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI; Beck et al., 1988) has been developed to assess the severity of anxiety symptoms and perform a differential diagnosis between anxiety and depression disorders. Objective: To examine the temporal stability of the BAI in its version adapted to Argentina and obtain evidence of discriminant validity. Method: In a sample of 52 people, the intraclass correlation coefficient was analyzed. Then, in a sample of 225 people, a correlation analysis between BAI scores and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II; Beck et al., 2006) was performed; subsequently, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with reagents from both instruments was conducted and the heterotrait-monotrait ratio of correlations (HTMT) was calculated. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient was .82 (95% CI = .69 - .90). The correlation between the BAI and the BDI was .56 (moderate effect size). The EFA showed two well-differentiated factors and an HTMT proportion value of .66 (95% CI = .55 - .74) was found. Conclusions: An adequate temporal stability is observed and evidence of the discriminant validity of the instrument is provided.
Genotypic evaluation of cowpea germplasm for salinity tolerance at germination and during seedling growth
Authors: Kouam Eric Bertrand , Ngompe-Deffo Toscani , Beyegue-Djonko Honoré , Mandou Marie Solange , Chotangui Asafor Henry , Adamou Souleymanou , Tankou Christopher Mubeteneh
Published: May 2021

Soil salinity represents a major constraint limiting crop production in arid and semi-arid countries. The effect of salinity induced by sodium chloride (NaCl) at five levels (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM) was investigated on four germination traits and thirteen seedling growth characteristics in twenty cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] genotypes (ET11, KEB-CP004, KEB-CP006, KEB-CP009, KEB-CP 010, KEB-CP020, KEB-CP033, KEB-CP038, KEB-CP039, KEB-CP045, KEB-CP051, KEB-CP054, KEB-CP057, KEB-CP060, KEB-CP067, KEB-CP068, KEB-CP118, MTA22, NO74 and NO1036). The germination tests were carried out on Petri dishes in the laboratory while seedling growth experiments continued in plastic pots in the greenhouse, both setting up using a randomised complete block design with three replications. Genotypic responses were significant for all germination traits (p < 0.001). Germination percentage, germination rate index, and coefficient of velocity of germination were all decreased by salt stress. However, the mean germination time increased with increasing saline conditions. Significant differences were found between genotypes for most growth attributes. Growth rate (centimeter increased in height per week) decreased significantly with increasing salinity, starting at 100 mM NaCl (24.20% reduction, 2.66 cm / week) with maximum reduction (38.58%) corresponding to 2.16 cm/week observed at 200 mM NaCl, compared to control (3.51 cm/week growth rate). Also, significant decline in shoot weights, number of functional leaves and dry matter production were observed under salinity. Salinity also reduced water content in shoot and root and did not affect root weights. Under salinity, significant correlations were found between all germination variables (p < 0.001). Growth rate was significantly associated with ten out of the twelve other seedling growth traits. Also, the dry matter production under salinity was significantly associated with all other seedling growth characteristics with the exception of root water content. Given the effect of salt stress, cowpea genotypes, namely NO1036, KEB-CP004, KEB-CP038 and KEB-CP051, were the most tolerant while KEB-CP068 and ET11 were the most sensitive ones. The results confirm substantial genetic variation in salt stress tolerance among the studied genotypes. The most tolerant genotypes should be further explored in genetic improvement programs and should be promoted for culture in regions affected by salinity.
Школьный проект – один из видов самостоятельной творческой работы учащихся
Authors: Цибринская Н.А. , Бухта О.В.
Published: May 2021

Рассматриваются организация, этапы выполнения и результаты проекта «Флорариум – миниатюрный сад из растений-суккулентов»
Проведение эксперимента «Доказательство менделеевских закономерностей наследования признаков у Drosophilamelanogaster» в курсе «Генетика» для студентов биологических специальностей высшей школы
Authors: Быковская Н.В.
Published: May 2021

Обсуждается проявление законов Менделя в учебном эксперименте на дрозофиле.
LA SEGURIDAD HUMANA: POLÍTICA PÚBLICA PARA LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DEL DERECHO A LA SALUD (HUMAN SECURITY: PUBLIC POLICY FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RIGHT TO HEALTH)
Authors: Fernández Pérez Emilio
Published: May 2021

:  La salud como un derecho humano, es una obligación para todo Estado su reconocimiento y salvaguarda; estar frente a una emergencia sanitaria ha traído consigo el que el ser humano se replantee su verdadero propósito dentro de un mundo donde han cambiado las reglas, donde el hombre ha sabido que frágil es y que no es inmune a todo, e incluso a la propia naturaleza, la cual le ha pasado la factura, que sea reflejado en millones de infectados con Covid-19, y lo peor millones de muertes, reflejando la debilidad de los diferentes sistemas de salud.En México se tomaron las medidas establecidas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, con el único objetivo aplanar la curva de contagio y de esa manera evitar la sobre saturación del incipiente sistema de salud, que ya de por sí, no cubría las necesidades de la población, mucho menos en una época de emergencia sanitaria.Razón por la cual, la ciencia jurídica tiene que sufrir una metamorfosis, para poder cubrir con las necesidades de las nuevas conflictividades sociales.
LEGALIDAD Y PONDERACIÓN EN EL SISTEMA MEXICANO (LEGALITY AND WEIGHTING IN THE MEXICAN SYSTEM)
Authors: De la Fuente Alonso Alejandro , Álvarez Montero José Lorenzo , Armenta Ramírez Petra
Published: May 2021

México está en un momento de transformación de los paradigmas jurídicos imperantes con un proceso de centralización jurídica que implica la atención de nuevos temas, que exigen la atención de fenómenos hasta ahora inatendidos y que por la experiencia de otras latitudes pueden ser enriquecidos, a fin de alcanzar la protección plena y garantía de los derechos humanos contenidos en el texto constitucional.La pluralidad de órdenes normativos sustantivos en materia penal y la existencia de un solo orden adjetivo lleva a problemas de aplicación que trastocan los principios exigibles en toda sentencia judicial, lo que a la larga provocará impunidad al existir violaciones al debido proceso al momento de sentencias sin la motivación adecuada o en su caso provocará la elusión del derecho al ejecutar actos ilícitos en los territorios donde las sanciones sean inexistentes o en su caso sean más benignas a los responsables del injusto penal.
DERECHO INTERNACIONAL Y DERECHOS POLÍTICOS EN MÉXICO (INTERNATIONAL LAW AND POLITICAL RIGHTS IN MEXICO)
Authors: Gómez Hernández Jorge Enrique
Published: May 2021

Con la reforma al constitucionalismo mexicano de 10 de junio de 2011, se actualizó un nuevo paradigma para la protección de los derechos políticos. El concepto de garantías individuales es sustituido por el de derechos humanos, establecido desde la Declaración Universal de 1948 y en las constituciones de algunos países después de la segunda guerra mundial. De lo anterior, podemos entender que los derechos políticos quedan comprendidos dentro de las definiciones de derechos fundamentales y humanos por la amplitud de su connotación. Con estas conceptualizaciones que son parte de la transición jurídica en nuestro país, con las cuales se construye la democracia y el estado constitucional de derecho, nos lleva a reflexionar en las siguientes líneas sobre el nuevo paradigma mexicano de los derechos políticos y su vinculación con el Derecho internacional, particularmente, con el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos.
PREVALENCE OF RISK FACTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Surinov Daniil Vladimirovich
Published: May 2021

Today, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world’s population. It is generally known that disease prevention is the best method for maintaining human health. This article discusses the most common risk factors for CVD among young people, older people, as well as men and women, the prevention of which helps to increase the life expectancy of the population
MYOKINES, THEIR ROLE IN MUSCLE CONTRACTION
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Vladimirov Nikolay Mikhailovich
Published: May 2021

Skeletal muscles are the largest organ in the human body, making up 40–50% of the total human body weight. This work is devoted to the study of physical activity on the athlete’s body. Given that the muscular system is more multifunctional than previously thought, and is able to aff ect many systems of the body through the synthesis and secretion of cytokines-classical regulators of the immune system, classifi ed as myokines. In this review article, we summarize our current knowledge of the main identifi ed and characterized myokines, focusing on their biological activity and functions. Through regular exercise, muscle-induced factors called myokines can exert and play an important role in protecting against many diseases.
CIE S 017/E:2020 ILV: International Lighting Vocabulary, 2nd Edition
Authors:   CIE JTC 8
Published: May 2021

The aim of the International Lighting Vocabulary (ILV) is to promote international standardization in the use of quantities, units, symbols and terminology related to the science and art of light and lighting, colour and vision, metrology of optical radiation over the ultraviolet, visible and infrared region, photobiology and photochemistry, and image technology. This vocabulary provides the definitions and essential information necessary for the understanding and correct usage of the terms included. It does not give extensive detail or explanations of the application of these terms; such information, relevant for experts in each specialized field, is available in the Technical Reports and International Standards produced by the CIE.-\n--\n--\n-The first edition of the ILV was published in 1938, the latest, the first edition of CIE S 017, in 2011. In 2015 CIE JTC 8 was established and received the task to address any issues regarding terms and definitions related to the ILV. This includes coordination within CIE Divisions to maintain and update the ILV, coordination with the IEC on questions related to the incorporation of ILV terms and definitions into IEC 60050-845 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Lighting , coordination with ISO/TC 12 on questions related to the incorporation of ILV terms and definitions into ISO 80000-7 Quantities and units ? Part 7: Light and radiation , and any further terminology issues within CIE.-\n--\n--\n-This new edition of the ILV is the result of intensive work carried out by CIE JTC 8 in order to harmonize the content of the ILV in its version of 2011 (published as CIE S 017:2011) with the content of the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV), subject area Lighting (IEC 60050-845), considering the rules for drafting definitions as given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. In addition parallel work in ISO/TC 12/WG 19 (Revision ISO 80000, all parts) was considered in the harmonization process. This document has been harmonized with IEC 60050-845, which is published in its second edition with the identical technical content, in close cooperation with IEC TC 1 and IEC TC 34.-\n--\n--\n-This document cancels and replaces CIE S 017/E:2011 and CIE S 017-SP1/E:2015. Keywords: lighting, definitions
HIV/AIDS: evolução e depressão em pessoas soropositivas: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Freitas José Doriberto , Maciel Regina Heloisa Mattei de Oliveira
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Verificar a evolução da depressão em pessoas que vivem com o vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana/Síndrome da Imunodeficiência adquirida (HIV/AIDS) na atualidade. Revisão bibliográfica: Durante a seleção dos artigos, foi observado que a maioria das publicações sobre a temática Depressão e HIV/AIDS enfatiza os aspectos psicopatológicos e/ou epidemiológicos da depressão e que a pessoa portadora da síndrome convive com a depressão que causa sofrimento e incapacidade perante a vida. Pode-se perceber uma estreita relação entre depressão e HIV/AIDS no que se refere aos seus impactos negativos na saúde e qualidade de vida dessa população. Há variedade de sintomas apresentados pelos indivíduos: alteração do humor e do afeto, tristeza profunda, perda de prazer, aumento e diminuição do apetite e alterações da fisiologia do sono. Considerações finais: A luta contra a depressão em pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS exige esforços e apoio familiar e social, bem como um posicionamento governamental e incentivo à comunidade técnico-científica para proporcionar uma melhor qualidade de vida para este segmento tão estigmatizado e marginalizado.
ANALISIS FAKTOR TERJADINYA PERUBAHAN EKOSISTEM SAWAH
Authors: Himmah Ana Alimatul , Choiriyah Siti Zahrotul , Rohmah Alfiatur , Fikri Achmad Ali
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine the factors of changes in the rice field ecosystem. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques by observation, interviews and supported by literature study from relevant reference sources. Based on the results of observations, interviews and literature studies that have been conducted, three factors have been found to change the rice field ecosystem. Starting from the most influential factors, namely the use of fertilizers and chemicals, genetic engineering, and land narrowing. With this, the authors hope to provide information to the community about changes in the ecosystem caused by their own exploitation of agricultural land.
CUKA AREN (Arenga pinnata): KAJIAN PEMANFAATAN OLEH INDIGENOUS PEOPLE KAMPUNG ADAT KUTA BERDASARKAN FLOK KNOWLEGDE
Authors: Dwisandi Reza Fauzi , Hernawati Diana , Nuryadin Egi
Published: May 2021

Palm vinegar is one of the processed products from a type of plant from the Arecaceae family, namely Arenga pinnata. Arenga vinegar is used by the people of the Kuta traditional village as a traditional medicine to treat a disease or prevent disease, this is based on folk knowledge, experience and ancestral traditions passed down from generation to generation in using plants as medicine. However, their utilization practices have not been published, identified and documented. Therefore, this study aims to describe the stages of making arenga vinegar and the practice of using it as a traditional medicine in Kuta Traditional Village. This research was conducted in Kuta Traditional Village, Tambak Sari District, Karangpaninggal Village, Ciamis Regency, in January-February 2021. This research is qualitative research study using the phenomenological method, the data collection technique used in this study are passive participation and active participation observation, semi-structured interviews with 4 people, namely 3 men and 1 woman, and document studies were carried out. The results showed that the arenga vinegar making stages in Kuta Traditional Village includes the process of lodong sterilizer, tapping arenga juice, filtering arenga juice, storing and fermenting arenga juice. As for its use, arenga vinegar is believed to be a traditional medicine such as types of fever, aches, liver, diabetes, stomach acid and external wounds.
МЕТОД ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИОННО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ОБЪЁМНЫХ РЕЗОНАТОРОВ
Authors: Тимофеев В.В.
Published: May 2021

В работе выполнен анализ известных технических решений в области частотного разноса принимаемого и передаваемого сигналов радиочастотных ретрансляторов сигналов и проблемных вопросов технического характера, связанных с их реализацией, предложено собственное решение улучшения амплитудно-частотных характеристик систем фильтров с использованием объёмных резонаторов, выполненное с учётом современных тенденций реализации подобных систем. Целью работы является повышение технических характеристик объёмных резонаторов. В работе предлагается вариант повышения эксплуатационно-технических характеристик объёмных резонаторов. Предлагаемое решение апробировано на практике, выполнена метрологическая оценка его результатов. Результатом исследования является разработка метода повышения эксплуатационно-технических характеристик объёмных резонаторов, ориентированная на улучшение качества их работы. Предлагаемое решение может быть применено при производстве ремонта и регламентном обслуживании объёмных резонаторов, в ходе их эксплуатации в системах радиосвязи различного назначения, реализованных с их использованием.

The paper analyzes the known technical solutions in the field of frequency separation of the received and transmitted signals of radio frequency signal repeaters and technical issues related to their implementation, and offers its own solution to improve the amplitude-frequency characteristics of filter systems using cavity resonators, made taking into account current trends in the implementation of such systems. The aim of this work is to improve the technical characteristics of cavity resonators. In this paper, we propose a variant of improving the operational and technical characteristics of cavity resonators. The proposed solution was tested in practice, metrological evaluation of its results was performed. The result of the research is the development of a method for improving the operational and technical characteristics of cavity resonators, focused on improving the quality of their work. The proposed solution can be applied in the production of repairs and routine maintenance of cavity resonators, during their operation in radio communication systems for various purposes, implemented with their use.
РАЗРАБОТКА ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ОТСЛЕЖИВАНИЯ МЕСТОПОЛОЖЕНИЯ СРЕДСТВ ОЧИСТКИ И ДИАГНОСТИКИ ТРУБОПРОВОДОВ
Authors: Кильмухаметов И.Ф. , Сафин Э.М.
Published: May 2021

Цель исследования – создание нового решения по автоматизации отслеживания местоположения внутритрубных объектов при его движении в трубопроводе. Выполнены следующие задачи: разработаны алгоритм отслеживания точного местоположения, логические программы работы эмулятора, панель оператора системы отслеживания местоположения внутритрубных объектов. Предложенное решение по автоматизации отслеживания местоположения внутритрубных объектов позволитповысить эффективность обслуживания трубопроводов. В результате разработана информационно-измерительная система отслеживания местоположения средств очистки и диагностики трубопроводов на базе ПЛК SIEMENS серии SIMATIC S7 -1200/1500.

The purpose of this article is to develop a new solution for automating the tracking of the location of in-line objects during its movement in the pipeline. The following tasks were completed: an algorithm for tracking the exact location, logical programs for the emulator, and a virtual model of the system for tracking the location of in-line objects were developed. Hypothesis: the proposed solution for automating the tracking of the location of in-line facilities makes it possible to increase the efficiency of pipeline maintenance. As a result, an information and measurement system for tracking the location of pipeline cleaning and diagnostics tools based on the SIEMENS SIMANTIC S7 -1200/1500 series PLC was developed.
АДАПТИВНЫЙ ВИРТУАЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗАТОР В СИСТЕМЕ УСОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАННОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Никитин Д.А. , Цыбин Д.Е. , Хафизов А.М. , Мишин С.А. , Тайчинов А.Ф. , Сафин Э.М.
Published: May 2021

В данной статье рассматривается разработка адаптивного виртуальногоанализаторов (ВА) показателей качества для проекта системы усовершенствованного управления Advanced Process Control (СУУТП, далее «APC»). Построение моделей ВА произведено с помощью регрессионных методов по параметрам, влияющих в наибольшей степени на выброс монооксида углерода, содержание кислорода в дымовых газах, температуры змеевика. В качестве метода оценки моделей предложен векторный критерий, определяющий значения ширины окна ВА с наиболее оптимальными значениями коэффициента детерминации и среднеквадратичной ошибкой. Интеграция моделей ВА в систему управления обеспечивает оптимизацию параметров работы с целью улучшения качественных и количественных показателей производимой продукции, а также позволяет существенно снизить затраты в области оборудования поточной аналитики.

This article discusses the development of adaptive virtual analyzers (VA) of quality indicators for the project of the advanced control system Advanced Process Control (SUUTP, hereinafter referred to as "APC"). The construction of VA models was carried out using regression methods for the parameters that affect to the greatest extent the emission of carbon monoxide, the oxygen content in the flue gases, and the coil temperature. As a method for evaluating models, a vector criterion is proposed that determines the values ​​of the VA window width with the most optimal values ​​of the determination coefficient and the root-mean-square error. Integration of VA models into the control system ensures optimization of operating parameters in order to improve the qualitative and quantitative indicators of manufactured products, as well as significantly reduce costs in the field of flow analytics equipment.
НЕЧЁТКИЙ РЕГУЛЯТОР ДЛЯ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ТЕМПЕРАТУРНЫМ РЕЖИМОМ В КОЛОННЕ СИНТЕЗА АММИАКА
Authors: Ермолаев М.С. , Хафизов А.М.
Published: May 2021

Все реальные системы имеют нелинейный характер, обычные контроллеры не всегда могут дать хорошие и точные результаты. Нечёткий логический контроллер используется для получения лучшего отклика. Модель для моделирования разрабатывается, и все предположения делаются до разработки модели. Была сделана попытка проанализировать эффективность нечёткого регулятора по сравнению с традиционным ПИД-регулятором для системы управления температурным режимом колонны синтеза аммиака, и их результаты были сопоставлены. Анализ выполняется посредством компьютерного моделирования с использованием набора инструментов CoDeSys V2.3 и Matlab-Simulink. Это исследование показывает, что применение нечёткого логического контроллера дает лучший результат.

All real systems are non-linear; conventional controllers cannot always give good and accurate results. The fuzzy logic controller is used to get the best response. The model for the simulation is developed and all assumptions are made before the model is developed. An attempt was made to analyze the effectiveness of a fuzzy controller versus a conventional PID controller for an ammonia synthesis tower temperature control system, and the results were compared. The analysis is performed by computer simulation using the CoDeSys V2.3 and Matlab-Simulink toolkit. This research shows that using a fuzzy logic controller gives better results.