bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El sicariato y la problemática de la justicia penal y el tratamiento de los adolescentes infractores en el Distrito Judicial de Lima
Authors: Paredes-Sotelo Javier Wilfredo
Published: January 2022

Con el paso de los años los niveles de criminalidad se han incrementado y Perú no ha escapadode esa realidad. Distintos factores motivan a las organizaciones criminales a cometer actos ilícitos, siendolos más utilizados, el sicariato y la extorsión, los cuales en la mayoría de los casos son efectuados pormenores de edad. Así, en el presente estudio tuvimos como objetivo reconocer las deficiencias de lajusticia penal juvenil que influyen en el tratamiento de los adolescentes infractores en el Distrito Judicialde Lima. Llegando al resultado de que existe una relación directa y moderada (Rho de Spearman = .529)entre las variables. De esta manera se demostró que, en efecto, el sicariato afecta a los infractores a la leypenal, en el sentido en que muchos jóvenes menores de edad que se encuentran por un mal camino sonrequeridos para ejecutar los planes referidos al sicariato, aprovechándose de su situación legal y tratar dedeslindarse de toda responsabilidad penal. Finalmente arribamos a la conclusión de que existe unanecesidad jurídica en cuanto a la responsabilidad penal restringida del adolescente infractor y así prevenirel sicariato y la problemática de la justicia penal en el Perú.
Lógicas Institucionais na Mensuração e Gestão de Custos em Hospitais Acreditados
Authors: Da Silva Beatriz Negrelli , Abbas Katia , Crubellate João Marcelo
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: analisar qual a influência das lógicas institucionais na adoção das práticas de mensuração e gestão de custos em hospitais acreditados brasileiros.
Método: utiliza como estratégia o levantamento, por meio de um questionário. A amostra compreende 85 respostas e a análise dos dados foi feita por meio da estatística descritiva e modelagem de equações estruturais.
Originalidade/Relevância: verificou-se poucos estudos surveys acerca da temática. Ainda, na literatura nacional há poucas pesquisas teórico-empíricas acerca do tema de custos, além da ausência de orientação teórica nas existentes (Ramalho, 2016), não sendo identificado estudos que abordam a contabilidade de custos sob ótica das lógicas institucionais.
Resultados: as motivações que levam a fazer a mensuração e gestão de custos estão relacionadas às questões profissionais (envolvendo qualidade e excelência do serviço prestado); de mercado (necessitando sustentabilidade financeira); burocráticos (estabelecendo padrões e protocolos); e comunidade (considerando acessibilidade e transparência). A análise estatística aponta que a lógica de mercado influencia na adoção de mais práticas de custos que as demais, seguida da lógica de comunidade.
Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: ao considerar que as lógicas concorrentes, atuando no mesmo campo, contribuem para a gestão como um todo, atendendo a demanda por qualidade, acessibilidade e redução de custos, este estudo contribui para o entendimento sobre o que pode estar influenciando ou não a utilização das práticas de mensuração e gestão de custos, que são importantes para controle e gerenciamento dos hospitais.
Management’s support and implementation of electronic document and records management systems in government departments
Authors:   , Ndebele Ivory
Published: January 2022

E-government implementation initiatives achieve different levels in implementing Electronic Document and Records Management Systems (EDRMS). Only a small percentage of e-government systems in developing countries are successful in this regard, while the rest are either total or partial failures (Elkadi 2013: 166; Nengomasha & Chikomba 2018: 254). The public sector has always lagged in adopting new technologies and approaches (Schoonraad & Mthethwa 2018: 26). Government departments in KwaZulu-Natal should align with the e-government strategy to implement the Integrated Document and Records Management System. This study aims to determine the significant impact of EDRMS at KZN COGTA and its role in implementing the system. The objectives of this study are to determine the impact of EDRMS at KZN COGTA. The study also sought to establish factors affecting the implementation of EDRMS at KZN COGTA and assess the role of management in implementing EDRMS at KZN COGTA. The researcher adopted a mixed-method approach whereby closed-ended questions were used for the quantitative data, and interviews were conducted for the qualitative data. Quantitative data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), and qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis. Purposive sampling for the quantitative data was used to select a sample size of 181 participants out of 341 population. The 341 population were selected because they were trained to use the system. Census sampling was used for the qualitative data. The population was nine and all nine were selected to participate in the study. This study revealed that EDRMS is an essential system to have, provided that it is utilised to its full potential. It emerged that planning and change management are the factors that hindered the success of the implementation of EDRMS in the department of KZN COGTA. Therefore, management needs to put more effort into overcoming the department’s shortcomings in implementing EDRMS. Managerial roles, like decisional and informational roles, are to be focused upon. “Proper planning prevents poor performance” (McClurg 2020: 56). Lastly, end-user engagement can drive the success of the implemented system. End-users need to be informed about all the benefits of EDRMS before implementation. After training has been done, end-users should be enforced to use the implemented system.
Writing Kit Carson
Authors: Johnson Susan Lee
Published: January 2022

This critical biography braids together lives over time and space, telling tales of two white women who, in the 1960s, wrote books about the fabled frontiersman Christopher "Kit" Carson: Quantrille McClung, a Denver librarian who compiled the Carson-Bent-Boggs Genealogy, and Kansas-born but Washington, D.C.- and Chicago-based Bernice Blackwelder, a singer on stage and radio, a CIA employee, and the author of Great Westerner: The Story of Kit Carson. In the 1970s, as once-celebrated figures like Carson were falling headlong from grace, these two amateur historians kept weaving stories of western white men, including those who married American Indian and Spanish Mexican women, just as Carson had wed Singing Grass, Making Out Road, and Josefa Jaramillo.
This multilayered biography reveals the nature of relationships between women historians and male historical subjects and between history buffs and professional historians. It explores the practice of history in the context of everyday life, the seductions of gender in the context of racialized power, and the strange contours of twentieth-century relationships predicated on nineteenth-century pasts. On the surface, it tells a story of lives tangled across generation and geography. Underneath run probing questions about how we know about the past and how that knowledge is shaped by the conditions of our knowing.
Unceasing Militant
Authors: Parker Alison M.
Published: January 2022

Born into slavery during the Civil War, Mary Church Terrell (1863–1954) would become one of the most prominent activists of her time, with a career bridging the late nineteenth century to the civil rights movement of the 1950s. The first president of the National Association of Colored Women and a founding member of the NAACP, Terrell collaborated closely with the likes of Frederick Douglass, Ida B. Wells, and W. E. B. Du Bois. Unceasing Militant is the first full-length biography of Terrell, bringing her vibrant voice and personality to life. Though most accounts of Terrell focus almost exclusively on her public activism, Alison M. Parker also looks at the often turbulent, unexplored moments in her life to provide a more complete account of a woman dedicated to changing the culture and institutions that perpetuated inequality throughout the United States.
Drawing on newly discovered letters and diaries, Parker weaves together the joys and struggles of Terrell's personal, private life with the challenges and achievements of her public, political career, producing a stunning portrait of an often-under recognized political leader.
Christian Citizens
Authors: Jemison Elizabeth L.
Published: January 2022

With emancipation, a long battle for equal citizenship began. Bringing together the histories of religion, race, and the South, Elizabeth L. Jemison shows how southerners, black and white, drew on biblical narratives as the basis for very different political imaginaries during and after Reconstruction. Focusing on everyday Protestants in the Mississippi River Valley, Jemison scours their biblical thinking and religious attitudes toward race. She argues that the evangelical groups that dominated this portion of the South shaped contesting visions of black and white rights.
Black evangelicals saw the argument for their identities as Christians and as fully endowed citizens supported by their readings of both the Bible and U.S. law. The Bible, as they saw it, prohibited racial hierarchy, and Amendments 13, 14, and 15 advanced equal rights. Countering this, white evangelicals continued to emphasize a hierarchical paternalistic order that, shorn of earlier justifications for placing whites in charge of blacks, now fell into the defense of an increasingly violent white supremacist social order. They defined aspects of Christian identity so as to suppress black equality—even praying, as Jemison documents, for wisdom in how to deny voting rights to blacks. This religious culture has played into remarkably long-lasting patterns of inequality and segregation.
A Contest of Civilizations
Authors: Lang Andrew F.
Published: January 2022

Most mid-nineteenth-century Americans regarded the United States as an exceptional democratic republic that stood apart from a world seemingly riddled with revolutionary turmoil and aristocratic consolidation. Viewing themselves as distinct from and even superior to other societies, Americans considered their nation an unprecedented experiment in political moderation and constitutional democracy. But as abolitionism in England, economic unrest in Europe, and upheaval in the Caribbean and Latin America began to influence domestic affairs, the foundational ideas of national identity also faced new questions. And with the outbreak of civil war, as two rival governments each claimed the mantle of civilized democracy, the United States’ claim to unique standing in the community of nations dissolved into crisis. Could the Union chart a distinct course in human affairs when slaveholders, abolitionists, free people of color, and enslaved African Americans all possessed irreconcilable definitions of nationhood?In this sweeping history of political ideas, Andrew F. Lang reappraises the Civil War era as a crisis of American exceptionalism. Through this lens, Lang shows how the intellectual, political, and social ramifications of the war and its meaning rippled through the decades that followed, not only for the nation’s own people but also in the ways the nation sought to redefine its place on the world stage.
How the Streets Were Made
Authors: Bailey Yelena
Published: January 2022

In this book, Yelena Bailey examines the creation of “the streets” not just as a physical, racialized space produced by segregationist policies but also as a sociocultural entity that has influenced our understanding of blackness in America for decades. Drawing from fields such as media studies, literary studies, history, sociology, film studies, and music studies, this book engages in an interdisciplinary analysis of the how the streets have shaped contemporary perceptions of black identity, community, violence, spending habits, and belonging.
Where historical and sociological research has examined these realities regarding economic and social disparities, this book analyzes the streets through the lens of marketing campaigns, literature, hip-hop, film, and television in order to better understand the cultural meanings associated with the streets. Because these media represent a terrain of cultural contestation, they illustrate the way the meaning of the streets has been shaped by both the white and black imaginaries as well as how they have served as a site of self-assertion and determination for black communities.
The Punitive Turn in American Life
Authors: Sherry Michael S.
Published: January 2022

In 1965, President Lyndon Johnson insisted that "the policeman is the frontline soldier in our war against crime," and police forces, arms makers, policy makers, and crime experts heeded this call to arms, bringing weapons and practices from the arena of war back home. The Punitive Turn in American Life offers a political and cultural history of the ways in which punishment and surveillance have moved to the center of American life and become imbued with militarized language and policies. Michael S. Sherry argues that, by the 1990s, the "war on crime" had been successfully broadcast to millions of Americans at an enormous cost--to those arrested, imprisoned, or killed and to the social fabric of the nation--and that the currents of vengeance that ran through the punitive turn, underwriting torture at home and abroad, found a new voice with the election of Donald J. Trump. By 2020, the connections between war-fighting and crime-fighting remained powerful, evident in campaigns against undocumented immigrants and the militarized police response to the nationwide uprisings after George Floyd’s murder. Stoked by "forever war," the punitive turn endured even as it met fiercer resistance. From the racist system of mass incarceration and the militarization of criminal justice to gated communities, public schools patrolled by police, and armies of private security, Sherry chronicles the United States' slide into becoming a meaner, punishment-obsessed nation.
The effect of Katuk leaf to breastfeeding mother: a literature review
Authors: Alfonsus Zeus Suryawan  , Nicholas Renata Lazarosony
Published: January 2022

Indonesians traditionally consume Katuk (Sauropus androgynus (L) Merr) leaf to treat various diseases, improve weight loss, and as vegetable dishes. Sauropus androgynus, also known as a medicinal plant with high antioxidant potential, is also traditionally utilized to increase breastmilk production during lactation. Lactation is a process of milk synthesis and secretion, in which Prolactin responsible for the synthesis of breastmilk. Recent studies have proven that Katuk leaf extract can increase the breastfeeding quality and prolactin level in breastfeeding women. This article provides a brief summary of evidence supporting the use of Katuk leaf to improve breastmilk production in breastfeeding mothers.
Salvaje performance, soberana (in)decisi´on. Leyendo República salvaje de Jacques Lezra
Authors: Gubbins Vanessa
Published: January 2022

Jacques Lezra publica República salvaje: de la naturaleza de las cosas en la primavera del 2020: una recopilación de textos que busca un republicanismo radical, salvaje y material derivado desde lecturas entrelazadas de Lucrecio, Marx, Maquiavelo y Cervantes, entre otros. Ésta buscaría debilitar la institución fuerte desde lo defectuoso de su concepto, instalando así instancias de soberanía múltiple y contingente. El libro, sin embargo, resulta también sometido a las mismas exigencias de este republicanismo radical y material. Por ello, en este trabajo realizo una performance de la lectura de la República salvaje, siguiendo su modo de pensar la decisión soberana para situarme en las modalidades de subjetividad que propone. Llevando al extremo su tesis materialista, procuro finalmente revelar la lógica de utopía dura del libro y su relación intrínseca con la lectura como performance de la justicia.
Jacques Lezra: posición defectiva
Authors: Aguayo Bórquez Claudio
Published: January 2022

En el presente ensayo, me propongo interrogar el concepto de posición a partir de las reflexiones del pensador Jacques Lezra sobre la llamada institución defectiva. El trabajo de Lezra se encuentra atravesado por una serie de situaciones conceptuales en torno a lo que conocemos como modernidad temprana, pero también por el pensamiento de Maquiavelo, Marx y Althusser. En torno a este último, intento tejer aquí el nudo de una reflexión sobre la posicionalidad como un “coup de force” (Derrida) o una violencia primaria, atómica, que tiene el sello de una desviación puntual, de una violencia mínima. Esa violencia desviante es la que permite pensar el comienzo como curvatura y la institución como defecto –en contra de la mediación hegeliana, que la asume como suplencia de una deficiencia ontológica. Finalmente, interrogo, a partir del cruce Lezra-Deleuze, la posibilidad de un sadismo de la contingencia para pensar la violencia de esta posicionalidad defectiva, en tanto clave para un pensamiento de la coyuntura constituyente.
Дослідження впливу антипіренів на властивості вогнезахисних покриттів по текстильних матеріалах
Authors: Skorodumova Olga , Tarakhno Olena , Sharshanov Andriy , Chebotareva Olena , Gapon Yuliana , Bajanova Kateryna
Published: January 2022

The paper considers the influence of the composition of the flame retardant composition on the change of fire-retardant properties of textile materials. Experimental samples of cotton fabric were impregnated with sol of ethyl silicate-40 obtained under conditions of acid-base hydrolysis. A solution of diammonium hydrogen phosphate was sprayed on the dried surface of the gel coating and dried again. The influence of the composition of the hybrid composition of the system of ethyl silicate gel - flame retardants on the fire-retardant properties of impregnated textile materials was studied, namely the time of onset of fabric charring, the area of damage to the reverse side of the fabric after the action of the kinetic flame for 8 s, as well as the time of onset of tissue destruction, which was determined at the time of the crack on the sample. It is shown that additional fixation on the surface of the hybrid coating of the ethyl silicate gel - diammonium hydrogen phosphate-urea system further increases the fire-retardant properties of the coating, but only under conditions of using small amounts of urea. It was found that urea acts as a conventional additive-modifier. It improves the properties of the coating in small quantities, and sharply worsens them if it used in large one. In connection with the composition of the hybrid coating was optimized for its effect on the area of damage (total and deep) and the time of onset of destruction of the samples, ie the time during which the crack formed on the fabric under the action of the flame. Small additions of 20% diammonium hydrogen phosphate solution and 10% urea solution increase the resistance of the textile material to the action of the kinetic flame by almost 12 times. It is shown that after long-term heat load (for 10 minutes) impregnated fabrics do not lose elasticity. Final burning and decay is not observed. Due to the fact that minor tissue destruction begins only after 10 minutes of action of the kinetic flame, the results made it possible to offer hybrid siliceous coatings for fire protection of rescue stretchers, which are designed to rescue the wounded from high-rise buildings during a fire.
Empirical Testing on Diversification of Indian Stocks for Optimizing Portfolio Risk
Authors: Manjunatha T.
Published: January 2022

The investor’s risk-return trade-off can be achieved by diversification of equity stocks. Diversification is the process of investing in various stocks for minimizing risk or maximizing return of portfolio. The study proposes to optimise portfolio risk for rational investors and demonstrates the benefits of diversification of each stock in portfolio. We use sample data of daily share prices of Nifty stocks’ data for 9 years. The empirical study shows that the portfolio returns are maximizing and portfolios risk is minimizing as we add more number of stocks into portfolios of the sample stocks. This shows that investors can scientifically diversify the stocks and build the efficient portfolios in the Indian capital market.
Significance of Privatization in the Education Sector
Authors: Benny Bitto
Published: January 2022

The privatization of education has a key role in the development of the economy over the world in the recent years. Privatization leads to the implementation of new education policies to the modern world. The privatization helps in evaluating the problems related to the educational sector. This study tries to examine the significance of privatization in the educational sector. The study tries to examine the major factors influencing the privatization in the educational sector. Further, the research tries to identify the impact of privatization in the educational sector. Data was collected from 45 respondents through the structured questionnaire. Convenient sampling technique was used to collect the data from each respondent. The data was analysed using Average mean. Suggestions were framed as per the findings for making the Privatization more student centric for giving more importance to the educational sector. From this study, meaningful conclusions would be provided for government decision makers. Strategies and implementation procedures would be provided to manage the educational sector.
Enfermedad hepática congestiva, las repercusiones hepáticas de un corazón enfermo
Authors: Rebolledo-Del Toro Martín , Rincón-Sánchez Reinaldo Andrés
Published: January 2022

La hepatopatía congestiva comprende el espectro de manifestaciones a nivel del hígado, con injuria inducida como consecuencia de la congestión venosa hepática por una alteración en el flujo venoso del tracto de salida hepático. La etiología más frecuente es la falla cardiaca derecha, que por aumento de la presión venosa central, lleva retrógradamente al aumento de la presión venosa hepática, disminución del flujo hepático y disminución de la saturación de oxígeno, con congestión a nivel sinusoidal y particular compromiso de los hepatocitos de la zona 3. Generalmente tiene una presentación subclínica en cuanto a manifestaciones hepáticas que son enmascaradas por los signos y síntomas de falla cardiaca. El diagnóstico comprende la suma de hallazgos serológicos, imagenológicos e histológicos, luego de una exclusión de otras patologías con posible injuria hepática. El tratamiento se basa en el manejo de la falla cardiaca de base, y el pronóstico a su vez, queda supeditado a la fase de la enfermedad cardiaca de base. Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura con el fin de construir una revisión de esta entidad, con conceptos actualizados a partir de la evidencia reciente.
Falla hepática aguda sobre crónica: análisis de una serie de casos y revisión de la literatura
Authors: García-Rueda Jhon Edwar , Londoño-García Ricardo , Marín-Cuartas Tomás , Hernández-Abaunza Juan Esteban , Osorio-Rico Sebastián , Bermúdez-Flórez Angélica María , Restrepo-Gutiérrez Juan Carlos
Published: January 2022

Introducción. La cirrosis hepática continúa siendo una enfermedad frecuente en nuestro medio, con una mortalidad elevada. Su descompensación se puede asociar a la falla de uno o más órganos, llevando a una falla hepática aguda sobre crónica (ACLF), confiriéndoles a estos pacientes un pronóstico diferente asociado a una alta mortalidad. El objetivo de este artículo es reportar las características clínicas y
epidemiológicas de los pacientes que cursaron con ACLF en un hospital de alta complejidad, así como realizar una revisión de la literatura de acuerdo con las definiciones actuales, sobre las diferentes escalas para la evaluación de su pronóstico. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo tipo retrospectivo de series de casos. La población estuvo constituida por la totalidad de los pacientes atendidos en el periodo entre diciembre del 2005 a enero del 2020, mayores de 18 años, y con diagnóstico de cirrosis hepática en el Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, que cumplieran los criterios diagnósticos para ACLF. Resultados. Se incluyó una serie de casos de 19 pacientes con diagnóstico de ACLF, el 47,36% correspondía a hombres con una mediana de edad de 53 años, la clasificación de la cirrosis fue Child C para todos, la etiología fue de origen alcohólico en el 42,10%, autoinmune en el 21,05%, virus de la hepatitis B en el 10,52%, y virus de la hepatitis C, esteatohepatitis no alcohólica y cirrosis biliar primaria en el 5,26% de los casos. Los precipitantes de la ACLF fueron alcoholismo activo en el 42,10% de los casos, no se identificó evento en el 26,31%, y las infecciones y sangrado variceal se presentaron en el 15,78%. La distribución de la clasificación fue ACLF 1 15,78%, ACLF 2 26,31% y ACLF 3 36,84%. La supervivencia acumulada en los pacientes que recibieron trasplante hepático fue mayor en relación a los que no, 80% versus 33,3%. Conclusión. La ACLF es un proceso dinámico y potencialmente reversible con una mortalidad elevada a corto plazo. En nuestra serie encontramos una mayor supervivencia en los pacientes trasplantados, lo que confiere una mejoría en la sobrevida a corto y largo plazo, por lo que este continúa siendo el tratamiento óptimo en la actualidad.
Hipertransaminasemia en coledocolitiasis
Authors: Melo-Peñaloza Mauricio Alberto , Archila-Martínez Daniela Carolina
Published: January 2022

Introducción. La coledocolitiasis aguda se presenta cuando un cálculo se impacta en el conducto biliar distal. Usualmente se manifiesta con un patrón colestásico, con aumento de la AST y ALT leve o moderado. Sin embargo, se han reportado series de casos de coledocolitiasis con AST y ALT con valores >400 UI/L, lo que puede llevar al médico a considerar una hepatitis como diagnóstico presuntivo, en vez de una coledocolitiasis. Con esta revisión exploratoria se pretende explicar esta forma de presentación, y sugerir los pasos que debe dar el clínico para identificar estos casos y brindar un diagnóstico oportuno y certero. Metodología. Se realizó una revisión exploratoria utilizando los buscadores PubMed, BIREME (BVS), LILACS y Google Académico, con las palabras MeSH “choledocholithiasis”, “transaminases” y el conector “and”, así como los términos DeCS “coledocolitiasis”, “transaminasas” y el conector “y”. Resultados. Se incluyeron en el análisis un total de 20 estudios relacionados con el tema coledocolitiasis y elevación de AST o ALT >400 UI/L. Se encontró que el aumento de AST o ALT entre 400 UI/L y 500 UI/L se presentó en el 5,76% de los casos, valores entre 500 UI/L y 800 UI/L en el 36,8%, entre 800 UI/L y 1.000 UI/L en el 9%, y valores >1.000 UI/L en el 6,43% de los casos. Conclusión. La coledocolitiasis con elevación de transaminasas AST o ALT >400 UI/L es una situación que debe tenerse presente, en particular en personas jóvenes, y en aquellos sin historia de problemas hepáticos previos. Es necesario que el médico tenga el diagnóstico presuntivo de coledocolitiasis, aun con niveles de transaminasas que puedan sugerir una hepatitis, y analizar las diferentes variables que son indispensables para lograr un diagnóstico preciso.
Intervento del Collettivo La Boétie – 18 Novembre 2020
Authors: Emmenegger Camilla , Gallino Francesco , Gorgone Daniele
Published: January 2022

Trascrizione dell'intervento del Collettivo La Boétie all'interno del ciclo di seminari La disobbedienza civile 2020-2021.
What “Theory” Knew: Sedgwick, Queerness, Hermeneutics
Authors: Ashtor Gila
Published: January 2022

Eve Sedgwick’s influence on the field is by far the most extensively documented and reflected upon. In order to gain purchase on the question of the psyche’s role in queerness, this chapter explores the construction of queer hermeneutics—and of queerness as hermeneutics—as one place where the dependence of interpretation on psychology is enacted in urgent, sophisticated, and practical ways. If the distinctiveness of queer hermeneutics is secured by its agonistic relationship to knowledge, then what makes Sedgwick a particularly compelling figure with whom to explore the role of metapsychology in critical close reading is how relentlessly her virtuoustic and field-defining interventions persistently prioritized an aesthetic appreciation of desire’s multiplicity over concerns with its accessible meaning, maintaining throughout her analyses that desire was most charitably explicated the less it was assimilated into a pre-existing interpretive frame. This chapter focuses on tracking the impact of her particular attempt to develop “queerness” as an antihomophobic, hermeneutic. By introducing metapsychology as a method of analyzing the psychological foundations of contemporary queer theoretical formulations, this chapter endeavors to respond to Sedgwick’s call for psychological explanations that could radically mitigate the erotophobic tendencies inherent in so many of the most established interpretive practices.
The Genealogy of Sex: Bersani, Laplanche, and Self-Shattering Sexuality
Authors: Ashtor Gila
Published: January 2022

This chapter focuses on Bersani’s idea of “shattering” sex as it has shaped queer studies’ thinking on sex as a distinctively radical psychic event. While recent criticism has playfully mocked or directly challenged the descriptive pitch of “shattering sex,” Bersani’s phenomenological account remains the most sophisticated effort to think about the impact of sex on subjectivity. As Mikko Tuhkanen has recently argued, Jean Laplanche’s idea of ebranlement provides the conceptual foundations for Bersani’s phenomenology of sex. Specifically, I focus on what it means for Bersani that the moment he decisively diverges from Laplanche is the same moment, in 1970, after the publication of Life and Death in Psychoanalysis, when Laplanche turns definitively against his own earlier thought in order to mount a rigorous and systematic reformulation of human sexuality. How does Bersani justify completely ignoring the implications of Laplanche’s path-breaking, post-1970 critique? This chapter engages Laplanche’s oeuvre directly in order to restore the context for Bersani’s interpretive decisions, and thereby to explore the implications of Bersani’s misreading and dismissal of Laplanche’s radical psychoanalytic critique.
Weeds
Authors: Bayne Brandon L.
Published: January 2022

As missionaries began to make their way into the mountainous terrain of the Sierra Madre Occidental in the early 1600s, they worked with Spanish encomenderos to methodically relocate Indigenous communities into centralized reducciones, located in lower valleys near mining and ranching operations. These relocations had obvious economic and political advantages for colonists, but the priests also preferred the practice so that the hidden “idolatries” and entrenched “vices” of the monte could be extirpated. A flexible term that conveyed wilderness, brush, or hills, the “monte” came to symbolize an untamed, diabolic space to which converts might flee to maintain their traditional rituals or foment revolt that might lead to missionary death. The Jesuits aggressive confrontation of ritual spaces, practices, and objects led to self-perpetuating cycles of violence. Missionary death could be one result of these encounters, when angry Zaques, Tehuecos, Acaxee, Guazapare, and Chínipas vented their anger on priestly extirpators. Labeling these deaths as “martyrdoms,” in turn, helped authorize increasingly aggressive measures to achieve conversion, including military pacification, coerced idolatry extirpation, and physical “reduction.” Veneration and coercion worked together to mark some places and practices as holy and others as evil and therefore subject to destruction.
Disjunctive Love: Philosophical Project and Poetic Experience in Donne's “The Ecstasy”
Authors: Kuzner James
Published: January 2022

Donne’s “The Ecstasy” explores a love which is as virtual as it is actual, creating a life of love that is as absorbing inside the poem as it is impossible outside it, and raising a question about how poetry can think about love distinctively. To address that question, this chapter compares a specific poetic form, the quatrain, with philosophical dialogues by Marsilio Ficino, Tullia d’Aragona, and Leone Ebreo. “The Ecstasy” shares with these dialogues in imagining love as a phenomenon of non-sovereignty, of giving up the wish for mastery over the self and control over the beloved, with a key difference residing in how non-sovereignty comes about. For Ficino, Tullia, and Leone, love assumes the form of what Bataille would call a project: an undertaking with an aim over which lovers have at least some control—in this case, a project of self-transformation by which lovers become more perfect. “The Ecstasy” sometimes also makes love into a project, but in other places, the poem’s quatrains turn love from a project into an experience: (again, in Bataille’s terms) an aimless encounter in which lover and beloved become entangled in incomplete yet excruciating ways, ways that forge a distinctly poetic non-sovereign love.
Between Form and Faith
Authors: Sampson Martyn
Published: January 2022

What is a “Catholic” novel? How does it relate to the intersection between literary theory and theology? What forms of dialogue can religious and secular critics enjoy? And what role can Graham Greene play in the discussion? This book analyses the fiction of Greene in a radically new manner by considering in depth its form and content, which rests on the oppositions between secularism and religion, Sampson challenges these distinctions by arguing that Greene has a dramatic contribution to add to their methodological premises, and, especially, the imaginative and interpretative statuses of literature and Catholicism. Inclusive of Greene’s contribution are different critical and religious impulses that are present throughout the investigative tenors that his work invokes. Chapters on Greene’s four “Catholic” novels and two of his “post-Catholic” novels are complemented by a fresh and vital insight into the critical importance of his non-fiction. The study paints an image of an inviting yet beguilingly complex literary figure, and within new and significant perspectives on the growing importance of the theological aesthetics of Hans Urs von Balthasar. Greene is shown to be central to groups who have until now been largely neglected in literary debate.
Introduction: The Uninstructed Catholic
Authors: Sampson Martyn
Published: January 2022

In 1951, Greene declared that he wrote as an “uninstructed Catholic”, which means that he did not follow a prescribed or well-ordered formula of what it means to be religious. This conception of himself invites attention on how the relationships between literature and theology are organised and raises the main question which I shall answer over the course of the book, “What is a Catholic novel?”, resting, as it does, on various conceptual oppositions, including dogma and experience, and faith and belief. These oppositions can be given shape and meaning within the field of contemporary theological aesthetics, which, according to recent accounts, is revelatory, transformative, and participatory.
Mutual Enrichment
Authors: Massa James
Published: January 2022

This chapter highlights one of the virtues so evident in Avery Dulles, which was his capacity to leave room for respectful debate over positions that he himself rejected. Dulles never reversed himself in supporting the mission of Christian unity. However, the tone and substance of his Oberlin keynote indicated how much he believed the ground had shifted from those early years just prior to and after the council. For such a changed landscape, a new method was needed. The chapter then considers Dulles's concept of “mutual enrichment by means of testimony.” By that he meant not a dialogue aimed at producing agreements on doctrine as a means of advancing toward full communion in faith, sacraments, and ministries. It is something more modest: a sharing of one's gifts, including the theological convictions that are germane to one's confessional identity.
Improvements in the weather prediction over the Indian region using regional spectral model
Authors: RAO Y. V. RAMA , KAR S. C. , VIJAYA KUMAR T. S. V. , KALSI S. R. , HATWAR H. R. , ROY BHOWMIK S. K.
Published: January 2022

Florida State University Regional Spectral Model (FSURSM) has been installed at India Meteorological Department, New Delhi and test runs have been made. A suitable change in the model code were made to use analysis and forecast fields as initial and boundary conditions for the model from the global T-80 model run at the National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF). The resolution of the regional spectral model is 0.75° transform grid, which is equivalent to the resolution of a T-170 global model. The model has been integrated for 3 days and studies undertaken to test the performance of the regional model in respect of some of the major weather events that occurred during December 2002 and February 2003. Using initial analyses from ECMWF and NCMRWF, the impact of initial fields on model forecast is also investigated. The case studies show that the forecasts from the regional spectral model are reasonably close to the observed features. The intensity and movement of model simulated systems are in good agreement with the observations.
Seasonal variability of raindrop size distribution over Cuddalore, a coastal station in Tamilnadu of southern peninsular India
Authors: SURESH R. , BHATNAGAR A. K.
Published: January 2022

Cuddalore (11.46° N / 79.46° E), a tropical coastal station in Tamilnadu of southern peninsular India receives precipitation from pre-monsoon (March – May), southwest monsoon (June – September) and northeast monsoon (October – December). While the precipitation during pre-monsoon (PM) and southwest monsoon (SWM) is mostly convective, that received during northeast monsoon (NEM) is mostly stratiform albeit a juxtaposition of both convective and stratiform is also feasible.  The seasonal variability of raindrop size distribution (DSD) has been studied using the data obtained from electro-mechanical disdrometer (Joss-Waldvogel type) at Cuddalore. The modal drop size is less than 2.0 mm diameter in stratiform precipitation whereas drops of  higher diameter (more than 3 mm) is quite probable in convective precipitation events. The mean concentration of rain drops of size more than 3 mm is highest during pre-monsoon followed by southwest monsoon in rain rates exceeding 10 mm h-1 due to rapid collision and coalescence taking place in afternoon mixing and convective currents.  The concentration of smaller size drops (of size less than 2 mm dia) especially in rain rates exceeding 8 mm h-1 is more during NEM than the SWM because the condensed particles could not grow effectively into larger drops due to the prevalence of either weak instability or nocturnal stability conditions during NEM. Convective type precipitation has higher rain rates than the stratiform type. Inverse relationship between drop concentration and rain rate is seen during convective situations, while the relationship is linear during stratiform conditions. Lognormal distribution fits the DSD of northeast monsoon (mostly stratiform precipitation) extremely well. However, this fitting has some deviation in the rain rate 10-50 mm h-1 during pre-monsoon and southwest monsoon season (mostly convective precipitation) based on the limited data sample obtained during 2003.
Frequency of dental caries in 1-5 years aged children and its impact on their quality of life
Authors: Batool Aqsa , Faridi Tallat Anwar , Rana Muhammad Saleem , Perveen Ishrat , Mughal Waqas Arshad
Published: January 2022

Oral diseases can vastly depreciate the individual’s quality of life. It has also been considered as the most important oral health burden worldwide. It can also have significant implications on the functional, mental, and social well-being of the individual. This has been found as a preventable dental and oral health issue which have also been amongst the most prevalent chronic disease. Objectives: To estimate the frequency of dental caries and its impact on the quality of children’s life in Hafiz- Abad, Pakistan. Methods: It was a cross sectional analytics based study spanning around nine months. Three hundred and seventy children (aged between 1-5 years) were included as subjects, who visited the District Headquarter (DHQ) hospital, Hafiz Abad, Lahore, Pakistan. Dental caries were measured by using decayed missing filled (DMF) index. Data was collected and analyzed by using SPSS version 23.0. Results: A high prevalence frequency of 243 (65.7%) were found suffering from dental caries. High prevalence of dental caries (70%) in children of low literate parents has been found statistically significant (p=0.035). As far as brushing frequency is concerned 93.8% children were not found brushing their teeth prior to breakfast. Theassociation between brushing frequency prior to breakfast and formation of dental caries was found statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion:High prevalence of dental caries coupled with high severity level was found associated with the worse dental and oral hygiene awareness levels amongst the preschool children and their parents
Standard of Living of HIV Positive Individuals Visiting HIV Clinic Services Hospital, Lahore
Authors: Rehman Abdul , R. Khan Maham , Sarwar Zeeshan , Noreen Sana , Aftab Talha , M. Azeem Gauhar , Bin Abdul Malik Muhammad Hamza , Kanwal Rabia , Sadiqa Ayesha
Published: January 2022

HIV is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and leads to immunosuppression, thus making an individual easily susceptible to infections.This research was conducted in the HIV Clinic at Services Hospital Lahore to assess the living standards of HIV-positive patients visiting HIV Clinic. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess the standard of life in HIV-positive patients visiting the HIV Clinic of Services Hospital Lahore.Methods: It was a case-series study, conducted in the HIV clinic at Services Hospital Lahore. Data was collected from patients suffering from HIV-AIDS with the help of structured questionnaires. SPSS 23 software was used to enter, compile, and analyze the data.Results: Result of this study showed that 50% of patients visiting HIV clinic Services Hospital Lahore are in the age group of 31-45 years. Male and married patients are predominant. The questionnaire had 35 questions which are transformed into 11 dimensions. Cronbach's α co-efficient were calculated for all multi-item scales and four out of eight scale.Cronbach's α for perceived health is 0.72, physical functioning is 0.79, health distress is 0.78, and cognitive function is 0.70. The total mean summary scores were also calculated. The dimensions affecting physical and mental health were added together under the summary score of physical and mental health. The added mean summary score ± SD for mental health is 55.4±11.8 and for physical health is 41.5±11.3.Conclusions: The data indicates that patients with HIV/AIDS have an overall high standard of living. The stigma is that the patients consider themselves a bit exclusive, as AIDS is considered taboo in the Pakistani Muslim community. The research shows that patients with AIDS have excellent mental health, but their physical health is a bit worse depending on the burden of disease (virus). Thus, a conclusion can be made that HIV affects a person's physical health more than their mental health.
Editorial
Authors: Lavezzi Anna Maria
Published: January 2022

I am pleased to share that ‘Pakistan BioMedical Journal’ is progressing by leaps and bounds. I congratulate to the journal team for their passion and enthusiasm in the growth of journal. All the team is working very hard. I would also like to appreciate the authors from wide range of disciplines for their scholarly contributions for our journal. By this issue, we have completed four successful years of publication. We are also proud to announce with great pleasure that PBMJ is recognized by ‘Higher Education Commission’ (HEC) of Pakistan. It is really a great matter of contentment for us and we will continue working hard to achieve further milestones.At this occasion, I am glad to announce that from January 2022, we are going to publish PBMJ as quarterly instead of biannual. This decision is made after the welcoming response from researchers and authors and a huge number of submissions. In 2021, we had to increase the number of articles in both the issues due to large number of incoming articles. At the end, I would like to wish Happy Christmas, Happy ending 2021 and Happy New Year 2022 in advance, to the International Community across the globe. I wish all the readers, authors and Editorial team with a joyous and prosperous life ahead. We, as a scientific community, may collaborate and support each other in the upcoming year as well. I would also like to extend my heartiest gratitude to the reviewers who have made enormous contribution in refining the articles and making this journal a great success.
Looking forward for more innovative and research contributions.
Marriage in the Light of Selected Judgements of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Republic of Poland
Authors: Andrzejewski Marek
Published: January 2022

This article attempts to show how marital issues are treated in the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Republic of Poland. The issue of marriage accounts for only a small proportion of all family issues taken up by the Constitutional Tribunal for adjudication. The author points out the need for caution, reliability, and thorough analyses in the justifications, and also highlights the care the Tribunal shows for the stability of provisions regulating family life, which corresponds to the delicacy and stability of relations in marriage and family.
Bekerjanya Politisasi Identitas pada Pilkada Sumut 2018
Authors: Prayogi Irfan , Pasaribu Ian
Published: January 2022

This article will describe what is the winning factor for Edy Rahmayadi and Musa Rajekshah in the 2018 Sumatera Utara contestation of regional elections. The author sees Political Identity greatly influencing the course of democracy in North Sumatra due to differences in religious identity between the two pairs of contesting candidates. The politics of identity centered on the politicization of shared identity is an important base of glue in group collectivity. Identity is then politicized through extreme interpretation to gain support from the majority of the community both in race, ethnicity and religion. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive analysis. The data collection techniques through interviews as primary data and secondary data in the form of news, journals, books, and documents related to the results of Sumatera Utara 2018 regional elections. Findings from this study, the author saw Edy-Musa utilizing Islamic discourse as a power to obtain votes from Islamic circles. This is evident from the post-election vote acquisition in certain regional bases, as well as the social conditions of the community before the vote. In addition, Islamic discourse is clearly present through banners calling for choosing Muslim leaders, morning prayer in congregation and other identity issues as an effort to influence people’s preferences to make choices on voting. This paper seeks to understand identity politics as a form of popular strategy and the implications that arise in the electoral politics.