bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for giant adrenal tumours
Authors: Giordano Alessio , Alemanno Giovanni , Bergamini Carlo , Valeri Andrea , Prosperi Paolo
Published: February 2020

Background:

Giant adrenal tumours are tumours with size ≥6 cm. These are rare cancer associated with malignancy in 25% of cases.

Patients and Methods:

A retrospective review was conducted on the medical records of patients admitted to our high-volume centre of Careggi University Hospital with a giant adrenal tumour and submitted to adrenalectomy between January 2008 and December 2018. The group of patients who underwent to laparoscopic adrenalectomy was compared with a group of patients that was submitted to open adrenalectomy.

Results:

In the past 10 years, we performed about 245 adrenalectomies for benign and malignant adrenal tumours. Fifty (20.4%) of these were giant tumours. The medium size was 9.9 cm (7–22 cm). The mean age was 57 years (21–81 years). Thirty-four (68%) of these cancers were laparoscopically removed and 16 (32%) with an open approach. The surgical outcomes in these patients were optimal if compared to the group of patients submitted to open approach in terms of good pain control, hospital stay, mean operative time and bloodless. No difference was observed about post-operative complications in the two groups. The follow-up after 30 months for malignant tumours did not show local recurrences.

Conclusion:

Our results pinpoint the advantages of performing a laparoscopic adrenalectomy for giant adrenal tumours. The tumour size is only a predictive parameter of possible malignancy, and the laparoscopic approach is a safe and feasible method in terms of surgical and oncological, only if performed by expert surgeons and in high-volume centres.
Extension Property and Universal Sets
Authors: Kosiński Łukasz , Zwonek Włodzimierz
Published: February 2020

Motivated by works on extension sets in standard domains, we introduce a notion of the Carathéodory set that seems better suited for the methods used in proofs of results on characterization of extension sets. A special stress is put on a class of two-dimensional submanifolds in the tridisc that not only turns out to be Carathéodory but also provides examples of two-dimensional domains for which the celebrated Lempert Theorem holds. Additionally, a recently introduced notion of universal sets for the Carathéodory extremal problem is studied and new results on domains admitting (no) finite universal sets are given.
Moduli Spaces of Metrics of Positive Scalar Curvature on Topological Spherical Space Forms
Authors: Reiser Philipp
Published: February 2020

Let $M$ be a topological spherical space form, i.e., a smooth manifold whose universal cover is a homotopy sphere. We determine the number of path components of the space and moduli space of Riemannian metrics with positive scalar curvature on $M$ if the dimension of $M$ is at least 5 and $M$ is not simply-connected.
Basis for solutions of the Benoit & Saint-Aubin PDEs with particular asymptotics properties
Authors: Peltola Eveliina
Published: February 2020

Applying the quantum group method developed in [50], we construct solutions to the Benoit & Saint-Aubin partial differential equations with boundary conditions given by specific recursive asymptotics properties. Our results generalize solutions constructed in [49, 55], known as the pure partition functions of multiple Schramm–Loewner evolutions. The generalization is reminiscent of fusion in conformal field theory, and our solutions can be thought of as partition functions of systems of random curves, where many curves may emerge from the same point.
Unified bijections for planar hypermaps with general cycle-length constraints
Authors: Bernardi Olivier , Fusy Éric
Published: February 2020

We present a general bijective approach to planar hypermaps with two main results. First we obtain unified bijections for classes of maps or hypermaps defined by face-degree constraints and girth constraints. To any such class we associate bijectively a class of plane trees characterized by local constraints. This unifies and greatly generalizes several bijections for maps and hypermaps. Second, we present yet another level of generalization of the bijective approach by considering classes of maps with non-uniform girth constraints. More precisely, we consider
well-charged maps
, which are maps with an assignment of
charges
(real numbers) to vertices and faces, with the constraints that the length of any cycle of the map is at least equal to the sum of the charges of the vertices and faces enclosed by the cycle. We obtain a bijection between charged hypermaps and a class of plane trees characterized by local constraints.
Satellite ruling polynomials, DGA representations, and the colored HOMFLY-PT polynomial
Authors: Leverson Caitlin , Rutherford Dan
Published: February 2020

We establish relationships between two classes of invariants of Legendrian knots in

\mathbb R^3

: representation numbers of the Chekanov–Eliashberg DGA and satellite ruling polynomials. For positive permutation braids,

\beta \subset J^1S^1

, we give a precise formula in terms of representation numbers for the

m

-graded ruling polynomial

R^m_{S(K,\beta)}(z)

of the satellite of

K

with

\beta

specialized at

z=q^{1/2}-q^{-1/2}

with

q

a prime power, and we use this formula to prove that arbitrary

m

-graded satellite ruling polynomials,

R^m_{S(K,L)}

, are determined by the Chekanov–Eliashberg DGA of

K

. Conversely, for

m\neq 1

, we introduce an

n

-colored

m

-graded ruling polynomial,

R^m_{n,K}(q)

, in strict analogy with the

n

-colored HOMFLY-PT polynomial, and show that the total

n

-dimensional

m

-graded representation number of

K

to

\mathbb{F}_q^n

,

\operatorname{Rep}_m(K, \mathbb{F}_q^n)

, is exactly equal to

R^m_{n,K}(q)

. In the case of

2

\nbdash graded representations, we show that

R^2_{n,K}(q)=\mathrm {Rep}_2(K, \mathbb{F}_q^n)

arises as a specialization of the

n

-colored HOMFLY-PT polynomial.
Skein relations for tangle Floer homology
Authors: Petkova Ina , Wong C.-M. Michael
Published: February 2020

In a previous paper, Vértesi and the first author used grid-like Heegaard diagrams to define tangle Floer homology, which associates to a tangle

T

a differential graded bimodule

\tilde{\mathrm {CT}} (T)

. If

L

is obtained by gluing together

T_1, \cdots, T_m

, then the knot Floer homology

\widehat{\mathrm {HFK}} (L)

of

L

can be recovered from

\widetilde{\mathrm {CT}}(T_1), \cdots, \widetilde{\mathrm{CT}} (T_m)

. In the present paper, we prove combinatorially that tangle Floer homology satisfies unoriented and oriented skein relations, which are analogues of the skein exact triangles for knot Floer homology.
Stable isotopic composition of top consumers in Arctic
cryoconite holes: revealing different position in
supraglacial trophic network
Authors: Jaroměřská Tereza , Trubač Jakub , Zawierucha Krzysztof , Vondrovicová Lenka , Devetter Miloslav , Žárský Jakub D.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Cryoconite holes are ecosystems on the glacier surface characterized by dynamic nature and truncated food webs. It is acknowledged that cryoconite holes play an important role being biodiversity hot-spots and factories for organic matter on glaciers. The most common cryoconite apex consumers are the cosmopolitan invertebrates – tardigrades and rotifers. Several studies have highlighted the relevance of cryoconite tardigrades and rotifers to cryoconite holes’ ecosystem functioning. However, due to the dominant occurrence of prokaryotes on glaciers, these consumers are usually out of the major scope of most studies aiming at biological processes on glaciers. The aim of this study is to present data about isotopic composition of tardigrades, rotifers and cryoconite from three High Arctic glaciers in Svalbard and discuss their potential trophic relations. We found that tardigrades have lower δ15N values than rotifers, which indicates different food requirements of both consumers. The δ13C values revealed similarities among the consumers from the same glaciers and differences between consumers and cryoconite among glaciers. The resulted δ13C values point to similar carbon requirement of consumers within a glacier but differences in carbon input between glaciers. The results comprise the first observation of cryoconite holes’ consumers through stable isotopic analyses using an improved method of cryoconite sample processing and pave the way for further studies of the supraglacial trophic network.
Complete Anatomy
Authors: Motsinger Sara K.
Published: February 2020

Complete Anatomy is a 3D anatomy platform created by 3D4Medical, which has been developing medical products since 2009. It is a platform used by students, educators, medical professionals, and institutions and has more than one million users for its interactive anatomy models, clinical video animations, and virtual dissection tools.
Optimization of brewing time and temperature for caffeine and tannin levels in Dampit coffee leaf tea of Robusta (Coffea canephora) and Liberica (Coffea liberica)
Authors: Hariyadi Dewi Melani , Tedja Cynthia Amelia , Zubaidah Elok , Yuwono Sudarminto Setyo , Fibrianto Kiki
Published: February 2020

Coffee constitutes a plant product high in economic value. Extremely abundant throughout Indonesia, different varieties can be found in each region. Coffee leaves represent a by-product of coffee production which are disposed of without being subjected to further processing. One advantage of coffee leaf waste is that it can be made into coffee leaf tea, to prevent various diseases. The caffeine and tannin content can be optimized by temperature and brewing time. Research on coffee leaf tea remains limited, with little study of Liberica coffee leaf tea. This investigation was to determine the optimal brewing time and temperature of Robusta (Coffea canephora) and Liberica (Coffea liberica) coffee leaf tea. This research used the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) method with Central Composite Design (CCD). Data analysis using RSM method was conducted incorporating two factors. The first factor was the brewing temperature with a minimum value of 91 °C and a maximum value of 99 °C. The second factor was brewing time with minimum and maximum values of three and seven minutes respectively. Identifying the optimal treatment was based on two factors, caffeine and tannin content. Optimized processes were applied to conduct organoleptic tests on 110 untrained panelists using the Rate-All-That-Apply (RATA) method to highlight the majority attributes experienced by the panelists. The optimal brewing temperature and duration for robusta coffee leaf tea were 93.43 °C and 4.80 minutes which produced caffeine and tannin levels of 74.90 mg.100mL-1 and 293.01 µg.g-1 respectively. In contrast, in the case of Liberica coffee leaf tea, the optimal brewing conditions comprised a temperature of 91.65 °C and duration of 4.84 minutes which produced caffeine and tannin levels of 72.52 mg.100mL-1 and 415.87 µg.g-1. Results of sensory analysis showed that the majority produced five significant characteristics, namely: sweet flavor, fire flavor, sweet taste, bitter taste and astringent mouthfeel.
Grupos vulnerables y uso del espacio público en el centro histórico de San Salvador. Caso calle Arce
Authors: Campos-Solórzano Melissa Regina
Published: February 2020

Este artículo resume los resultados de una investigación cualitativa sobre los usos que las personas, particularmente pertenecientes a algunos grupos vulnerables, hacen de la calle Arce como espacio público de la capital salvadoreña, con el fin de producir mediante el análisis y conjunción de la información recabada, una síntesis, de cara a los recientes proyectos de intervención física en la ciudad, que contribuya al entendimiento holístico del territorio para generar acciones tendientes la re-apropiación integral del espacio. Se realizaron observaciones y entrevistas con algunas personas dispuestas a colaborar. La reﬂexión final es que la Calle Arce, a pesar de ser un espacio público por definición, en la práctica pese a los esfuerzos municipales- no es un espacio inclusivo debido la apropiación y lucha constante de espacios en la vía.
Propuesta de control de asistencia y deserción estudiantil en la Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador
Authors: Callejas Edwin Alberto , Escalante-Ramírez Jonathan Alexis , Pinto-Cristino Henry Adalberto , Arita-Barahona Erik Manrrique , Calles-Cuellar Adones Antonio , Ramos-Reyes Fabio Ernesto
Published: February 2020

El presente proyecto de investigación describe una propuesta de solución tecnológica para el control de asistencia y deserción estudiantil en la Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador, a través de una herramienta que facilite la realización de las actividades administrativas y académicas de apoyo al docente y la institución para el monitoreo de los estudiantes que asisten o no a la universidad. El estudio permitirá optimizar los procesos de administración de control de asistencia y deserción estudiantil que la universidad ejecuta y complementan la gestión académica del docente sobre sus estudiantes. Se diseña un modelo que hace uso de los recursos actuales de la institución, se desarrolla y valida la herramienta tecnológica para apoyar el modelo propuesto que es elaborado por un grupo de estudiantes, utilizando el lenguaje de programación de PHP para el diseño e implementación de interfaces dinámicas y amigables que permitirá al usuario un manejo fácil a través de dispositivos móviles y una herramienta de administración web.
Construcción y validación de escala de calidad de servicios de salud en El Salvador
Authors: Gutiérrez-Quintanilla José Ricardo , Lobos-Rivera Marlon Elías
Published: February 2020

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo la construcción y validación de una escala de medición de los servicios de salud en El Salvador, para ello se seleccionó una muestra no probabilística de 463 personas de ambo sexo. El tipo de estudio es instrumental con un diseño retrospectivo. La técnica de recolección de datos fue la encuesta. La media de edad total es de 35.73 años. La media de edad en hombres es de 34.73 años y en las mujeres de 36.23 años; con referencia al sexo, se tiene que 297 (64.3 %) son mujeres y 165 (35.7 %) son hombres. Los resultados indican que se tiene una prueba con adecuada validez de contenido, validez de constructo y confiabilidad.
Aportes socioculturales signifcativos del movimiento LGBTI salvadoreño: en el ámbito laboral
Authors: Osegueda Carlos Felipe , Hernandez Miguel Ángel , Morales-Zaldaña Moisés Aarón , Santos-Herrera Francisca
Published: February 2020

En este documento se analiza los inicios y surgimiento del movimiento LGTBI en El Salvador y la relevancia que han tenido en el proceso histórico de reivindicación de derechos humanos desde la perspectiva laboral como aporte a la cultura salvadoreña.  La visibilizacion que reclamada al Estado, como parte de la igualdad de género, los logros que desde el 2010 han venido fortaleciendo y consolidado en políticas inclusivas por medio de las personerías jurídicas. Especialmente la incidencia que los grupos AMATE, El Salvador y ENTRE AMIGOS tienen sobre las personas que no se identifican ni pertenecen a ningún grupo relacionado a la diversidad sexual cuáles son sus propuestas de cambio para mejorar y fomentar la tolerancia, respeto y convivencia social.
Retos de la internacionalización universitaria para América Latina en el marco de la cooperación Sur-Sur
Authors: Orantes Blanca Ruth
Published: February 2020

El abordaje del tema de internacionalización universitaria, requiere de una visión integral que permita la convergencia de las funciones sustantivas de las instituciones de educación superior, como lo son la investigación, docencia y extensión. Esta premisa teórica que se plantea son los referentes de análisis, basado en el conocimiento y experiencia de los procesos nacionales, regionales e internacionales. Las reﬂexiones, dejan en evidencia la necesidad de un plan de integración que articule la heterogeneidad de los países e instituciones de educación superior, para construir y potenciar una relación de cooperación sur-sur más estrecha y efectiva que permita avanzar en los procesos de internacionalización regional, que permitirían una mayor identidad e independencia.
Cosmovisión e identidad de las cofradías de Izalco y su relación con las condiciones socioeconómicas de sus participantes
Authors: Ordoñez-Valle Georgina Sulamita
Published: February 2020

La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo identificar la relación que existe entre la cosmovisión e identidad de las cofradías de Izalco con las condiciones socioeconómicas de sus participantes. Se implementó el método cualitativo con un enfoque etnográfico a través del cual se realizó un acercamiento a la comunidad, el cual permitió conocer el sistema económico que predomina en las cofradías, así como también la cosmovisión de los sujetos que participan en ellas. Los hallazgos de campo evidenciaron el apego de los participantes hacia las raíces indígenas presentes en su identidad cultural, las cuales hacen posible la pervivencia de la tradición de las cofradías, conservando el sistema económico basado en el don a través del cual aseguran su sobrevivencia.
La educación artística: un derecho humano en la construcción de identidades culturales
Authors: Hernández-Vásquez Miguel Ángel
Published: February 2020

El ser humano desde el seno de su unidad familiar ha promovido una serie de procesos de aprendizaje en el contexto de la formación artística; partiendo de la premisa del empirismo, en donde la prueba y error han marcado significativamente, la estructuración del mundo que lo rodea, independientemente de que dichos procesos sean considerados como innatos o adquiridos. Por lo consiguiente la finalidad del presente artículo, es establecer una aproximación etnográfica entorno al acceso a la educación artística en El Salvador; desde la óptica de los profesores de arte, otorgándole voz a su visión pedagógica heredada durante su formación docente, en el extinto bachillerato en artes del CENAR, durante la década de los ochentas en El Salvador.
Impulso de la Red de Divulgación de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación como organismo promotor de la sociedad del conocimiento en San Luis Potosí, México
Authors: Jiménez Félix Edgar
Published: February 2020

La Red de Divulgación de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Rediciti) fue una estrategia que impulsó el Consejo Potosino de Ciencia y Tecnología (Copocyt) en el año 2010 con el objetivo de captar, profesionalizar e impulsar las acciones de divulgación científica en el estado. Esta comunidad de divulgadores ha permitido la atención de población de alta y muy alta marginación, permitiendo identificar necesidades educativas, sociales y tecnológicas en las cuatro regiones del estado. El modelo conceptual que se utilizó para el impulso de las actividades de la Red fue el de Jorge Padilla y Lourdes Patiño de la Sociedad Mexicana para la Divulgación de la Ciencia y la Técnica A.C. (Somedicyt), dando como resultado actividades de alto impacto.
Entre espinas, ﬂores y palmas: corta de la ﬂor de Corozo y Coyol en Izalco
Authors: Osegueda Osegueda Carlos Felipe , Hernández Miguel Angel , Najo-Latin Miguel Ángel , Santos-Alvarenga Francisco Enrique
Published: February 2020

Uno de los objetivos de la investigación, es poder registrar y analizar diversas prácticas que giran en torno a la hermandad de Jesús Nazareno, y una acción de lo más importantes es la corta de la ﬂor de corozo y coyol, que a pesar de ser una práctica con gran arraigo identitario es poco conocida, ello forma parte de un gran entretejido de símbolos que otorga a la población un sentido de pertenencia y por medio de ello los significados varían según la percepción individual de los devotos a Jesús Nazareno, generando así en la otredad una amalgama de emociones y comportamiento socioculturales en el municipio de Izalco.
Adolescentes de género femenino: víctimas de maltrato infantil en El Salvador
Authors: Quintana David
Published: February 2020

Diversos estudios indican que, en El Salvador, la violencia, no solo no disminuye, sino que por el contrario aumenta, a pesar que el Estado, señala que: “las niñas, niños y adolescentes deben ser tratados con respeto y no ser sometidos a castigos corporales, psicológicos o cualquier otro trato ofensivo (…).” (UTE, 2011, pág. 20). El estudio realizado en el marco del proyecto denominado “Fortaleciendo la Colaboración en las Américas sobre Derechos de la Niñez y la Adolescencia” (por sus siglas en inglés RCYP), tuvo como objetivo identificar situaciones de maltrato infantil en adolescentes entre 13-15 años de edad. La investigación fue realizada, bajo el paradigma cuantitativo, propio del método deductivo, y desde un enfoque de género, a partir del análisis de las mediciones sobre diferentes formas de maltrato hacia la adolescencia. En congruencia con el método, se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta, a través de un cuestionario aplicado a 384 adolescentes seleccionados mediante un muestreo probabilístico, en las tres zonas del país (Occidental, Central y Oriental), El estudio indica, que el maltrato infantil, continúa siendo una forma de violencia ejercida con mayor frecuencia, contra las mujeres, puesto que, durante el año 2018, dos de cada tres adolescentes golpeados, resultaron ser de género femenino.
Left ventricular hypertrophy and linked cardiovascular risk factors among Congolese licensed civilian aircrew
Authors: Buila Nathan B , Ngoyi Georges N , Lubenga Yves N , B Bantu Jean-Marc , Mvunzi Trésor S , Kabanda Gilbert K , Lepira François B , Kayembe Patrick K , Ditu Symphorien M , M’Buyamba-Kabangu Jean-René
Published: February 2020

Objective: To assess the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and linked cardiovascular risk factors in civilian aircrew.Methods: Cardiovascular risk factors were assessed among flight and cabin crew undergoing routine clinical and biological evaluation for initial or renewal of aeromedical license. The evaluation also included a standard 12-lead ECG and echocardiography. Echo-based LVH was LVM ≥ 49 g/m2.7 (men) or ≥ 45 g/m2.7 (women). LVH was categorized as mild (men: 49-55 g/m2.7; women: 45-51 g/m2.7), moderate (men: 56-63 g/m2.7; women: 52-58 g/m2.7), or severe (men: ≥ 64 g/m2.7; women: ≥ 59g/m2.7) according to Lang’s report.Results: Among the 379 aircrew members (70.4% men; 23% Caucasians; 62.5% flight crew; mean age 40.6 ± 12.8 years), LVH was present in 36 individuals (9.5%) with mild, moderate and severe pattern observed respectively in 19.4%, 33.3% and 47.2% of the cases. The rate of LVH amounted to 16.7% in normotensive subjects, 25.0% in those with prehypertension, and 58.3% among hypertensive individuals. In addition to age of 40-59y (OR: 8.48; 95% CI: [2.23-12.23]; p = .002) or more (4.22 [1.57-11.35]; p = .004), hypertension (3.55 [1.50 - 8.41]; p = .004), overweight/obesity (5.33 [1.14 - 25.05]; p = .034) and hyperuricemia (5.05 [2.11 - 12.09]; p = .001), all well-known constituents of the metabolic syndrome, were the main factors significantly associated with LVH.Conclusion: The frequency and link of LVH to the components of the metabolic syndrome highlights the need for a comprehensive approach to the management of cardiovascular risk factors in civilian aircrew.
Evaluation of Clinical Team Competence: Case of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Moussa Mahaman , Sofyani Hussain Ahmed , Alblowi Bander Hammad , Moussa Fatchima. L. , albarqi Ahmed , ALHarbi Hamad S. , Oqdi Yahia Ahmad , Khallaf Saleh
Published: February 2020

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: High-level nurse-doctor collaboration and competence reduce average hospital duration of the patient and mortality rates. Critical care unit plays an integral role as it integrates techniques and principles for ensuring high-quality care in a dynamic work environment. This study determines the status of critical care unit professionals, particularly nurses concerning their teamwork self-assessment. The descriptive correlational study design following a quantitative research design was used. Purposive sampling was employed for selecting 143 critical care unit nurses from Al-Ansar General Hospital, Saudi Arabia. A survey using a teamwork effectiveness self-assessment questionnaire was held for collecting data, which was then statistically analyzed.

RECENT FINDINGS: Findings showed a significant and positive correlation between nurses’ interests and priorities with their job functions and problem-solving abilities. It showed that the manager’s support and guidance along with the nurse’s participation in decision-making helped the nurses to resolve critical problems and make rapid decisions in critical hours.

SUMMARY: Nurses’ conflict management and effective time utilization were significantly and positively correlated. This provided physical and structural opportunities, adequate education and training, and a supportive environment to overcome problems impeding teamwork effectiveness.
Analysis on Stress Levels of Hearing-Impaired and Physically Handicapped Sportspeople Based on Certain Demographic Variables
Authors: Habipoglu Sedef
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the stress levels of hearing-impaired and physically handicapped elite licensed sportspeople at the national team level.

Population of the research has been licensed handicapped sportspeople in Central Anatolia, and the sample group has consisted of 100 participants from this population, who were selected through the convenience sampling method.

The questionnaire used in this research consists of two parts. The first part is comprised of demographics questions for determining personal information. In the second part, a stress scale has been used so that stress levels experienced with teammates and trainers can be determined. It has been adapted from the scale used by Yalçın (2009). The scale consists of 10 statements for determining the stress level. These statements were prepared based on the 5-point Likert scale, sorted as “never=1, rarely=2, sometimes=3, often=4, very often=5”. And reliability of the data has been tested with Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient (α=0.68).

Normality distribution tests, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests, have been carried out in order to determine whether the data initially presented a normal distribution at the analysis stage. The data were determined to have a normal distribution, and within this purpose, Independent Samples t Test for paired comparisons and One-Way Anova test for multiple comparisons were conducted.

As a result, it has been determined that sports affect stress levels positively, there is a significant difference in stress levels of hearing-impaired and physically handicapped sportspeople and there is no significant difference between gender and marital status, educational background and disability.
Becas no laborales como mecanismo de empleabilidad de los jóvenes
Authors: Álvarez Cuesta Henar
Published: February 2020

Las cifras de ocupación de los jóvenes en España siguen siendo inasumibles y superan la media de la Unión Euro-pea. Por ello, y como una de las vías contempladas por la legislación, se analizan las prácticas no laborales como me-canismo para tratar de romper el difícil acceso a un empleo de calidad. Al respecto, se estudian en detalle los requisitos exigidos para aquellas reguladas por el RD 1543/2011 a acreditar por parte del joven, de la empresa y se subraya el papel a cumplir por los Servicios Públicos de Empleo. Al margen parecen subsistir otras prácticas ofertadas por distintas entidades, no incluidas en la norma comentada, y cuyas fronteras con una relación laboral cada vez aparecen más diluidas. Por ello se propone pro-mulgar un Estatuto del becario y eliminar con ello cuantas operen extra mu-ros.
El papel de la regulación convencional en la caracterización sectorialmente específica de la brecha salarial de género
Authors: Serrano Olivares Raquel , Carrasquer Oto Pilar , Sánchez Mira Núria
Published: February 2020

El presente artículo pretende analizar el papel de la nego-ciación colectiva sectorial en la brecha salarial de género (BSG). Centra su atención en tres sectores de actividad ilustrativos de distintas configuraciones de BSG (banca, química y dependencia), a fin de determi-nar cómo se abordan a nivel convencional los posibles factores que intervienen en cada caso en la fisonomía de la BSG, tra-tando de identificar los aciertos y las ca-rencias del marco convencional, así como diseñando posibles soluciones regulatorias. Se parte del marco legal y de la jurispruden-cia de carácter más general, y se introducen los elementos concretos contemplados en los convenios colectivos estu-diados. Como dimensiones clave, se abordan la selección y contratación de perso-nal, la valoración de puestos de trabajo y la clasificación y promoción profesional, la retri-bución (estructura retributiva y sistema de retribución) y el tiempo de trabajo desde la perspectiva de la conciliación de la vida familiar y laboral. Unas breves reflexiones finales cie-rran este artículo.
Jóvenes no cualificados y acceso al mercado de trabajo ¿Es eficaz el contrato de formación y aprendizaje?
Authors: Nieto Rojas Patricia
Published: February 2020

En España, el desempleo de los jóvenes no cualificados es uno de los más altos de la Unión Europea y, lo más preo-cupante, la tasa de abandono escolar prematuro se concen-tra en este colectivo, aun habiendo descendido esta tasa varios puntos porcentuales en la última década, situándose en el año 2018 en un 17.9 %. Desde hace varios años, se pretende revertir esta situación mediante modificaciones legales que tratan de potenciar un mayor uso del contrato para la formación y aprendizaje si bien este objetivo no ha sido todavía conseguido. El presente artículo se centra en evaluar la eficacia de estas reformas y concluye con algu-nas propuestas para reducir el desempleo de los jóvenes no cualificados.
Liturgy, Space, and Community in the Basilica Julii (Santa Maria in Trastevere)
Authors: Kinney Dale
Published: February 2020

The Basilica Julii (also known as titulus Callisti and later as Santa Maria in Trastevere) provides a case study of the physical and social conditions in which early Christian liturgies 'rewired' their participants. This paper demonstrates that liturgical transformation was a two-way process, in which liturgy was the object as well as the agent of change. Three essential factors - the liturgy of the Eucharist, the space of the early Christian basilica, and the local Christian community - are described as they existed in Rome from the fourth through the ninth centuries. The essay then takes up the specific case of the Basilica Julii, showing how these three factors interacted in the concrete conditions of a particular titular church. The basilica's early Christian liturgical layout endured until the ninth century, when it was reconfigured by Pope Gregory IV (827-844) to bring the liturgical sub-spaces up-to-date. In Pope Gregory's remodeling the original non-hierarchical layout was replaced by one in which celebrants were elevated above the congregation, women were segregated from men, and higher-ranking lay people were accorded places of honor distinct from those of lesser stature. These alterations brought the Basilica Julii in line with the requirements of the ninth-century papal stational liturgy. The stational liturgy was hierarchically organized from the beginning, but distinctions became sharper in the course of the early Middle Ages in accordance with the expansion of papal authority and changes in lay society. Increasing hierarchization may have enhanced the transformational power of the Eucharist, or impeded it.
On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.
Danielis ludus: Transforming Clerics in the Twelfth Century
Authors: Petersen Nils Holger
Published: February 2020

A twelfth-century so-called liturgical drama (preserved in a unique copy of the thirteenth century, preserved in British Library, London), the Danielis ludus (Play of Daniel), based mainly on chapters 5 and 6 from the Book of Daniel has been much discussed in scholarship. It has been seen by scholars, not least Margot Fassler, as a (music) drama intended to establish a role model for young clerics in connection with ecclesiastical attempts at reforming the celebrations for New Year's in Beauvais, the so-called Feast of Fools. In this article, with consideration also of a recent discussion of the New Year's liturgy, I suggest to understand the Danielis ludus as a liturgical ritual transforming the (corporate) identity of the young clerics who were, undoubtedly, involved in its performance.
On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.
During Credo He Shouted "Blessed be […]; now I can hear": Nordic Child Miraculees Interacting with Liturgy
Authors: Diesen Rakel Igland
Published: February 2020

This article focuses on miracle narratives associated with saints originating in the Nordic region, written from the 12th to the 15th century, where a rich collection of images of children present around and inside of churches and at shrines can be found. Many of the tales portray children in devotional activities, giving an indication of how children moved and acted in these spaces. The events described often transpire during prayers and services, and show how children were seen and heard in spaces where liturgical activity shaped the rhythms of the day and the year. By examining how children are presented, as present and participating in these spaces, and by noting the bits of sensory information given in the narratives, this article adds to our mental image of the religious practices as well as sensory experiences of medieval children.
On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.
Quality of Human Resources in Europe Measured by Selected Indicators of Human Potential
Authors: Bucher Slavomir
Published: February 2020

The paper deals with regional differentiation of human resources and its determinants
identified by selected indicators of human potential. The selection of correct and relevant indicators has a key role in the identification and measurement of human potential. The aim of the study is to outline causal and determinant relationship (the relation and the level of dependence) in the spatial differentiation of human resources in Europe and approaches to their interpretation. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the link between human potential and quality or inequality of life and its effect on population from a demographic viewpoint. Methods of correlation and regression analyses were applied. A wide range of the most important and most often used human potential assessment indicators based on a basic systemic classification of human potential will also be presented. Although the first glance the quality of human resources situation in Europe might seem relatively compact, deeper analysis showed that there are quite significant regional differences. Our results show that set of specific condition a constant or moderately growing human capital may aggravate the consequences of population ageing rather than alleviate them. The important results of this study include recognition of the existence of several easily manageable methods and ways of measuring demographic and/or socio-economic solutions to the challenges posed by quality of human resources in Europe.
Psychodynamics of Mother Daughter Relationship: Degrees of Deprivation, Oppression and Dispossession in Doris Lessing’s Fiction
Authors: Ashraf Rabia
Published: February 2020

Contextualized within psychoanalytic feminist critique, this study aims at fathoming out
various dynamics operating at psychoanalytic level within the mother daughter relationship that affect daughter‟s level of intimacy or repulsion towards the mother in the texts of Doris Lessing, in particular The Grass is singing (1950) and Under My Skin (1994). While focusing on these works and approaching them through a feminist critical perspective of the phenomenon of motherhood, mothering and matrophobia, I have consider a re-examination of Lessing‟s attempt to provide an inevitably fresh stance of mother daughter dyad‟s tussle. The research contends that by breaking idealized boundaries and positioning mother as an independent entity- the phenomenon of matrophobia -daughter‟s hatred towards the mother in early phases of her life is explored. Throughout the paper, it has been established that Lessing consciously relates the mother moving towards and away from the being of daughter at both fictional and biographical planes.
Shakespeare and the wandering mind
Authors: Lyne Raphael
Published: February 2020

Cognitive scientists are beginning to explore the important work our minds do when attention wanes. In particular, it seems that orientation of the individual in relation to past, present, and future may be developed and maintained during periods of distraction. Shakespeare works with the potential for productive mind-wandering in characters and in audiences. In Henry V, they and we think beyond present business into the ideologies and costs of the underlying plans and possibilities. The King himself embodies the interaction of wandering and selfhood. In Much Ado About Nothing the friends and audience of Beatrice and Benedick may not be fully absorbed by their witty exchanges; there is another story to be told, in the gaps Shakespeare creates in the action of the play, in which they end up taking their inevitable roles as lovers.
Effect of the Use of Smart Media on the Cognitive and Language Development of the Preschooler: The Mediating Effect of Smart Media Addiction Tendency and the Moderated Mediating Effects of Maternal Guidance on Smart Media Usage
Authors: Kim Eunji , Jeon Gweeyeon
Published: February 2020

This study investigated the relationship between preschoolers’ smart media usage in regards to cognitive and language development, especially the mediating effect of preschoolers’ smart media addiction tendency and the moderated mediating effect of maternal guidance on smart media usage. The study surveyed 273 preschoolers’ mothers who lived in Daegu City and Kyungpook Province. The findings of this study were as follows. First, preschoolers’ smart media addiction tendency mediated the relationship between smart media usage time in regards to cognitive and language development. Second, maternal active mediation and monitoring moderated the relationship between preschoolers’ smart media usage time and smart media addiction tendency. Third, there was a maternal co-use moderated the mediating effect of preschoolers’ smart media addiction tendency on language development. In conclusion, preschoolers’ smart media addition tendency mediated the effect of smart media usage time on cognitive and language development. Among the mediation pathways, the influence of preschoolers’ smart media addiction tendency on language development was moderated by maternal co-use. The findings of this study suggest that maternal guidance should be applied differently depending on preschoolers’ smart media addiction tendency. This study examined preschoolers’ and maternal smart media-related variables on preschoolers’ cognitive and language development in order to provide preliminary data that can be used to explore the maternal guidance on how to use smart media for their preschool children.
Resegmentation is an ancestral feature of the gnathostome vertebral skeleton
Authors: Criswell Katharine E , Gillis J Andrew
Published: February 2020

The vertebral skeleton is a defining feature of vertebrate animals. However, the mode of vertebral segmentation varies considerably between major lineages. In tetrapods, adjacent somite halves recombine to form a single vertebra through the process of ‘resegmentation’. In teleost fishes, there is considerable mixing between cells of the anterior and posterior somite halves, without clear resegmentation. To determine whether resegmentation is a tetrapod novelty, or an ancestral feature of jawed vertebrates, we tested the relationship between somites and vertebrae in a cartilaginous fish, the skate (Leucoraja erinacea). Using cell lineage tracing, we show that skate trunk vertebrae arise through tetrapod-like resegmentation, with anterior and posterior halves of each vertebra deriving from adjacent somites. We further show that tail vertebrae also arise through resegmentation, though with a duplication of the number of vertebrae per body segment. These findings resolve axial resegmentation as an ancestral feature of the jawed vertebrate body plan.
Sphingosine 1-phosphate-regulated transcriptomes in heterogenous arterial and lymphatic endothelium of the aorta
Authors: Engelbrecht Eric , Levesque Michel V , He Liqun , Vanlandewijck Michael , Nitzsche Anja , Niazi Hira , Kuo Andrew , Singh Sasha A , Aikawa Masanori , Holton Kristina , Proia Richard L , Kono Mari , Pu William T , Camerer Eric , Betsholtz Christer , Hla Timothy
Published: February 2020

Despite the medical importance of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), in vivo cellular heterogeneity of GPCR signaling and downstream transcriptional responses are not understood. We report the comprehensive characterization of transcriptomes (bulk and single-cell) and chromatin domains regulated by sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1PR1) in adult mouse aortic endothelial cells. First, S1PR1 regulates NFκB and nuclear glucocorticoid receptor pathways to suppress inflammation-related mRNAs. Second, S1PR1 signaling in the heterogenous endothelial cell (EC) subtypes occurs at spatially-distinct areas of the aorta. For example, a transcriptomically distinct arterial EC population at vascular branch points (aEC1) exhibits ligand-independent S1PR1/ß-arrestin coupling. In contrast, circulatory S1P-dependent S1PR1/ß-arrestin coupling was observed in non-branch point aEC2 cells that exhibit an inflammatory gene expression signature. Moreover, S1P/S1PR1 signaling regulates the expression of lymphangiogenic and inflammation-related transcripts in an adventitial lymphatic EC (LEC) population in a ligand-dependent manner. These insights add resolution to existing concepts of endothelial heterogeneity, GPCR signaling and S1P biology.
Defining the role of pulmonary endothelial cell heterogeneity in the response to acute lung injury
Authors: Niethamer Terren K , Stabler Collin T , Leach John P , Zepp Jarod A , Morley Michael P , Babu Apoorva , Zhou Su , Morrisey Edward E
Published: February 2020

Pulmonary endothelial cells (ECs) are an essential component of the gas exchange machinery of the lung alveolus. Despite this, the extent and function of lung EC heterogeneity remains incompletely understood. Using single-cell analytics, we identify multiple EC populations in the mouse lung, including macrovascular endothelium (maEC), microvascular endothelium (miECs), and a new population we have termed Car4-high ECs. Car4-high ECs express a unique gene signature, and ligand-receptor analysis indicates they are primed to receive reparative signals from alveolar type I cells. After acute lung injury, they are preferentially localized in regenerating regions of the alveolus. Influenza infection reveals the emergence of a population of highly proliferative ECs that likely arise from multiple miEC populations and contribute to alveolar revascularization after injury. These studies map EC heterogeneity in the adult lung and characterize the response of novel EC subpopulations required for tissue regeneration after acute lung injury.
Mitochondrial ClpX activates an essential biosynthetic enzyme through partial unfolding
Authors: Kardon Julia R , Moroco Jamie A , Engen John R , Baker Tania A
Published: February 2020

Mitochondria control the activity, quality, and lifetime of their proteins with an autonomous system of chaperones, but the signals that direct substrate-chaperone interactions and outcomes are poorly understood. We previously discovered that the mitochondrial AAA+ protein unfoldase ClpX (mtClpX) activates the initiating enzyme for heme biosynthesis, 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALAS), by promoting cofactor incorporation. Here, we ask how mtClpX accomplishes this activation. Using S. cerevisiae proteins, we identified sequence and structural features within ALAS that position mtClpX and provide it with a grip for acting on ALAS. Observation of ALAS undergoing remodeling by mtClpX revealed that unfolding is limited to a region extending from the mtClpX-binding site to the active site. Unfolding along this path is required for mtClpX to gate cofactor binding to ALAS. This targeted unfolding contrasts with the global unfolding canonically executed by ClpX homologs and provides insight into how substrate-chaperone interactions direct the outcome of remodeling.
Genome sequencing of Aspergillus glaucus ‘CCHA’ provides insights into salt-stress adaptation
Authors: Qiu Wenmin , Li Jingen , Wei Yi , Fan Feiyu , Jiang Jing , Liu Mingying , Han Xiaojiao , Tian Chaoguang , Zhang Shihong , Zhuo Renying
Published: February 2020

Aspergillus, as a genus of filamentous fungi, has members that display a variety of different behavioural strategies, which are affected by various environmental factors. The decoded genomic sequences of many species vary greatly in their evolutionary similarities, encouraging studies on the functions and evolution of the Aspergillus genome in complex natural environments. Here, we present the 26 Mb de novo assembled high-quality reference genome of Aspergillus glaucus ‘China Changchun halophilic Aspergillus’ (CCHA), which was isolated from the surface of plants growing near a salt mine in Jilin, China, based on data from whole-genome shotgun sequencing using Illumina Solexa technology. The sequence, coupled with data from comprehensive transcriptomic survey analyses, indicated that the redox state and transmembrane transport might be critical molecular mechanisms for the adaptation of A. glaucus ‘CCHA’ to the high-salt environment of the saltern. The isolation of salt tolerance-related genes, such as CCHA-2114, and their overexpression in Escherichia coli demonstrated that A. glucus ‘CCHA’ is an excellent organism for the isolation and identification of salt tolerant-related genes. These data expand our understanding of the evolution and functions of fungal and microbial genomes, and offer multiple target genes for crop salt-tolerance improvement through genetic engineering.