bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Risk Stratification Nomogram to Predict Inpatient Admissions After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Among Patients Eligible for Medicare
Authors: MacLean Ian S. , Lu Yining , Patel Bhavik H. , Agarwalla Avinesh , Nolte Michael T. , Lavoie-Gagne Ophelie , Romeo Anthony A. , Forsythe Brian
Published: November 2021

The goal of this study was to establish a risk stratification nomogram to aid in determining the need for inpatient admission among patients who were eligible for Medicare and were undergoing primary total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried to identify all patients older than 65 years who underwent primary TSA between 2006 and 2016. The primary outcome measure was inpatient admission, as defined by hospital length of stay longer than 2 days. Multiple demographic, comorbid, and peri-operative variables were used in a multivariate logistic regression model to yield a risk stratification nomogram. A total of 1514 inpatient and 6020 out-patient admissions were analyzed. Age older than 80 years (odds ratio [OR], 2.69;
P
<.0001; 95% CI, 2.21–3.27), female sex (OR, 2.18;
P
<.0001; 95% CI, 1.90–2.51), dependent functional status (OR, 1.69;
P
<.0001; 95% CI, 1.2–2.38), dialysis (OR, 3.48;
P
=.029; 95% CI, 1.14–10.63), admission from an inpatient facility (OR, 1.76;
P
<.0001; 95% CI, 1.70–1.82), and inflammatory arthritis (OR, 1.69;
P
<.02; 95% CI, 1.25–13.78) were the greatest determinants of inpatient stay. The resulting predictive model showed acceptable discrimination and calibration. Our model enabled reliable and straightforward identification of the most suitable candidates for inpatient admission among patients who were eligible for Medicare and were undergoing primary TSA. Patients who were receiving dialysis, who had dyspnea at rest, and who had bleeding disorders were more likely to be admitted as inpatients after TSA. Larger multicenter studies are necessary to externally validate the proposed predictive nomogram. [
Orthopedics
. 2022;45(1):43–49.]
Intention to re-consume organic food: Sensory attributes, egoistic motive, and warm glow in the extended TPB
Authors: Cahyasita Dhika ,   Agricultural Economics Master Program, Department of Agricultural Sosioeconomics, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Irham  , Jamhari  ,   Department of Socioeconomics Agriculture, Faculty of Agricuture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Published: November 2021

This study seeks to examine consumer intention to re-consume organic food in Indonesia from a psychological standpoint using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). In this study, new constructs were included, namely perceived sensory appeal, egoistic motive, and warm glow. Responses were collected from 337 consumers through online surveys and analyzed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of the analysis show that the TPB constructs partially support the intention to re-consume organic food, as well as the attitudes and subjective norms. The outcomes added that the new construct in TPB is known to be able to increase the predictive power of the proposed framework and shows the importance of perceived sensory appeal, egoistic motive, and warm glow in the estimation of sustainable organic food consumption.
Modelling effect of different irrigation methods on spring maize yield, water and nitrogen use efficiencies in the North China Plain
Authors: Xu Shu ,   College of Surveying and Geo-informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China, Wei Yichang , Laghari Abdul Hafeez , Yang Xianming , Wang Tongchao ,   Department of Statistics, Sindh Agriculture University, TandoJam 70060, Pakistan,   Henan Bangyou Sciences and Technology Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou 450002, China,   College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Published: November 2021

Conventional farming practices not only constrained food security due to low yield but also threatened the ecosystem by causing groundwater decline and groundwater nitrate contamination. A two׹ear field experiment was conducted at the research station of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou. The WHCNS model was used to simulate grain yield, water and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiencies (WUE and FNUEs) of spring maize under border irrigation method, drip irrigation, and rainfed conditions. In addition, a scenario analysis was also performed on different dry and rainy seasons to assess the long-term impact of rainfall variability on spring maize from 2000–2017. The result showed that the model precisely simulated soil water content, N concentration, crop biomass accumulation, and grain yield. The maximum and minimum range of relative root mean squire error (RRMSE) values were 0.5–36.0% for soil water content, 14.0–38.0% for soil nitrate concentrations, 19.0–24.0% for crop biomass and 1.0–2.0% for grain yield, respectively under three irrigation methods. Both the index of agreement (IA) and Pearson correlation coefficient (r) values were close 1. We found the lowest grain yield from the rainfed maize, whereas the drip irrigation method increased grain yield by 14% at 40% water saving than border irrigation method for the two years with the 11% lower evaporation and maintained transpiration rate. Moreover, the drip irrigated maize had a negligible amount of drainage and runoff, which subsequently improved WUE by 27% in the first growing season and 16% in the second rotation than border irrigation. The drip irrigated maize also showed 24% higher FNUE. The reason of lower WUE and FNUEs under the border irrigation method was increased drainage amounts and N leaching rates. Furthermore, scenario analysis indicated that the dry season could result in a 30.8% yield decline as compared to rainy season.
The effect of maternal food insecurity transitions on housing insecurity in a population-based sample of mothers of young children
Authors: Nolen Erin ,   Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA, Cubbin Catherine , Brewer Mackenzie ,   Dell Medical School, Department of Population Health, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA,   Department of Sociology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
Published: November 2021

Background

Studies have shown a link between food insecurity and housing problems, including trouble paying rent. Additional research is needed to test the longitudinal effect of food insecurity on housing insecurity in a socio-demographically diverse, population-based sample. We tested whether food insecurity transitions predicted housing insecurity using a housing insecurity index consisting of housing and neighborhood factors. We also tested whether social cohesion or social support mediated the food/housing insecurity relationship.

Method

Data were analyzed from a sample of 2868 mothers of young children residing in California at two time points: the baseline Maternal and Infant Health Assessment (2003–2007) and follow-up Geographic Research on Wellbeing survey (2012–2013). Women were categorized as food insecure both times; became food insecure; became food secure; and food secure both times. We constructed linear regression models for housing insecurity: models regressing each variable separately; a model regressing sociodemographic covariates and food insecurity status; mediation models adding social cohesion or social support; and mediation models for each racial/ethnic group.

Results

Food insecurity transitions were associated with housing insecurity in a gradient pattern. Compared to women who were food secure both times, housing insecurity was highest among women who were food insecure both times, followed by those who became food insecure, and then those who transitioned out of food insecurity (became food secure). Food insecurity remained a significant risk factor for housing insecurity even after adjusting sociodemographic covariates. While social support and social cohesion were negatively associated with housing insecurity, there was limited evidence that social support/cohesion mediated the food insecurity/housing insecurity relationships.

Conclusions

The lack of substantial mediation suggests that factors beyond social ties may explain the food and housing insecurity relationship. Efforts to reduce material hardship should consist of streamlined policy efforts that offer tangible supports for women and their families.
Malvaceae neotropicae novae vel minus cognitae X. New species of Quararibea from Colombia and Ecuador
Authors: Fernández-Alonso José Luis
Published: November 2021

In this advance of the taxonomic revision that is being carried out in the genus Quararibea (Malvaceae) for the north of South America, three new species are described in this contribution, which are compared morphologically with the species considered related in each case. A first, Q. cornejoi, known from the wet forests of western Ecuador that we associate with Q. grandifolia and Q. casasecae, taxa also distributed in the Pacific corridor of Ecuador and Colombia. A second species, Q. latilimbata, from the sub-Andean forests of the Central Cordillera of the Department of Antioquia, Colombia, related to the previous species and to the Amazonian species Q. duckei. All of them with an unusual trait in the genus, an androecium with the long staminal branches. Finally, Q.villanuevae, from the dry forests of the upper Magdalena Valley in the Department of Tolima, Colombia, associated with the Andean species Q. foenigraeca and Q. caldasiana. These last three species, which have androecium with smaller staminal branches, are assigned to a different morphological group. Illustrations and detailed photographs of the new species are included as well as keys to the identification of the treated species.
La analogía negativa en la morfología del participio de pasado: el caso excepcional de roto
Authors: Doroga Jason , Tejedo-Herrero Fernando
Published: November 2021

Este artículo analiza el inesperado cambio en el uso de las variantes del participio perfectivo de romper. El examen de los datos refleja el triunfo de roto en detrimento de rompido, variante aceptada en la norma culta hasta el siglo XVIII. Tras analizar los posibles factores del cambio, proponemos el concepto de analogía negativa para describir la progresiva devaluación sociolingüística que experimentó rompido por asociación con otros participios analógicos históricamente estigmatizados. La propuesta se apoya también en el caso afín de proveer, cuyo desarrollo expone las divergencias en el proceso de codificación de la variedad estándar
Diversos registros para pasajes sinónimos en Auristela y Lisidante, de Calderón de la Barca
Authors: Martín Echarri Miguel
Published: November 2021

En su estilo tardío (especialmente en las fiestas palaciegas) Calderón desarrolla un abanico de registros que alterna y entreteje para lograr que las redundancias, necesarias para el adecuado seguimiento de la trama, no provoquen el tedio. Para ejemplificar esta técnica, proponemos un análisis del inicio de Auristela y Lisidante, así como de la textura de registros con que se expresan dos acontecimientos que el autor toma de una comedia de juventud, El alcaide de sí mismo, de una factura mucho más sencilla.
La “Descripción de la Tapada” en La Filomena: Portugal y los afanes cortesanos de Lope de Vega
Authors: Piqueras Flores Manuel
Published: November 2021

El presente artículo analiza la inclusión de la “Descripción de la Tapada” dentro del volumen La Filomena, con otras diversas rimas, prosas y versos (1621). Se propone que este poema descriptivo, que elogia la casa de Braganza, fue incluido en el libro como parte de la estrategia cortesana de Lope de Vega para apoyar la difícil situación de Leonor de Pimentel con sus asuntos políticos portugueses.
Modelos gallego-portugueses de uso retórico: la personificación de los ojos en la escuela castellana
Authors: Toro Pascua María Isabel , Vallín Gema
Published: November 2021

Si bien la referencia a los ojos como los culpables de la cuita amorosa formaba parte de la inventio poética desde las primeras escuelas líricas de la Romania, serán algunos trovadores de la gallego-portuguesa quienes la conviertan en parte esencial de la elocutio merced a la personificación. Este mismo uso retórico lo encontramos en la poesía de cancionero castellana desde sus orígenes: aparece ya en las cantigas gallego-castellanas de Villasandino, quien parece aceptarlo como rasgo identificativo de esta lírica, y en otras composiciones escritas en esta misma lengua híbrida. El uso elocutivo de la personificación de los ojos avala la consideración del corpus gallego castellano como enlace entre la lírica gallego-portuguesa y la castellana.
Le traitement médiatique des drogues dans la presse quotidienne française (2013-2018)
Authors: Comelli Cécilia , Le Campion Grégoire , Jauffret-Roustide Marie
Published: November 2021

Les médias sont devenus des objets d’étude et des outils de plus en plus utilisés en sciences sociales. Les discours véhiculés par ces derniers participent à façonner les représentations sociales, les représentations spatiales et les imaginaires géographiques. Cet article a une double ambition : il s’agit, d’une part, de présenter un outil et une méthode d’analyse de la presse en des termes accessibles à des non spécialistes de l’analyse textuelle et, d’autre part, de présenter les résultats obtenus grâce à cette méthode à la question : quels traitements thématiques et spatiaux des drogues dans la presse quotidienne française ? Nous avons ainsi cherché à savoir quels sont les angles thématiques choisis par les journaux et quelle(s) géographie(s) des drogues est repérable à partir de ce traitement médiatique. Ces deux entrées nous renseignent sur le contexte politique et sur les représentations véhiculées par et autour de cet objet d’étude sensible que sont les drogues.
Dijon, « ville sur la Saône ». Frontières urbaines, réseaux d’eau potable et territoires de la ressource en eau
Authors: Petit Sandrine , Vergote Marie-Hélène , Dumont Emmanuel
Published: November 2021

Au gré de leurs besoins, les villes étendent leurs frontières sur les territoires voisins. C’est le cas pour l’alimentation en eau potable, et comme d’autres villes, Dijon à partir de 1939 dépend de ressources exogènes. La nappe de la Saône devient une ressource clé de son développement. Grâce aux infrastructures hydrauliques, la ville se déploie et crée une souveraineté sur les communes de sa périphérie avec lesquelles elle fait commerce d’eau. Les lois de décentralisation lui donnent de nouvelles prérogatives sur la gestion durable de la ressource des bassins versants, un défi à relever en contexte de changement climatique. L’extension réticulaire et spatiale de la ville est parfois interrogée voire contestée par d’autres acteurs : certaines communes en quête d’autonomie en eau ou le Département de la Côte d’or.
Hydraulic bricolages: coexisting water supply and access regimes in N’Djamena, Chad
Authors: Maazaz Ismaël
Published: November 2021

This article investigates the ambivalent interconnectedness of water supply regimes of N’Djamena, the Chadian capital. Multiple water supply regimes coexist in N’Djamena and produce what I termed “hydraulic bricolages”. The article documents daily activities of the Technical Directorate of the Société Tchadienne des Eaux (Chad’s water national company, STE), insisting on limited available means and improvising methods that characterise hydraulic bricolages. The article then turns to alternative regimes, notably based on (cheap) water hand pumps and (costly) private boreholes. It qualifies the notion of “competing” sociotechnical regimes and stresses patterns of coexistence.
The Influence of the Personal Learning Environment Concept in the Educational Research Field
Authors: Castañeda Linda , Tur Gemma , Torres-Kompen Ricardo , Attwell Graham
Published: November 2021

Almost 15 years after the start of the debate over Personal Learning Environments (PLE), the concept would still appear to be influential and even intrinsic to discussion over the future of educational technology and education in general. This paper aims to establish a clear thematic link between the concept of PLEs and educational academic literature over the last decade, exploring the influence of the PLE concept in the education research papers. To do this, it uses a systematized review of academic literature that relates the PLE concept to three themes identified as most relevant in that field during the last decade: emerging pedagogical practices, professional teacher development, and self-regulated learning. The analysis is focused on whether (and how) the PLE concept has intersected each of the themes, the level of importance of that intersection in each one of them and the way in which the concept is ‘materialized’. The purpose is to understand how (and if) a concept that has its origin in Educational Technology has been adapted to other areas of educational research.
Student Satisfaction and Preferences Related to Virtual Streaming Facilities During the COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: van Wyk Micheal M. , Amponsah Samuel
Published: November 2021

This paper reported how students used the virtual streaming technology and consider their satisfaction and preferences related to video conferencing during COVID-19 lockdown. A case study was selected for an exploratory mixed methods design to explore students’ (n=89) lived experiences of the video conferencing facility during the COVID-19 lockdown. This study has found that students preferred both Teams and Zoom as virtual streaming facilities during COVID-19 lockdown. Students were satisfied with virtual streaming platforms as a teaching and learning supportive tool that facilitated their shift to online learning. Moreover, this study reported that using a web-based videoconferencing platform as a virtual streaming tool supports students in learning from home in critical times such as this pandemic. Further research is needed to determine students and lecturers’ digital literacy competencies using video conferencing for successful online learning post the COVID-19 lockdown.
External Practices in Distance Courses
Authors: Ortiz Carles Dulsat
Published: November 2021

The problem of this research focuses on the communication between the organizing center and the external tutors at practicum centers. A non-experimental methodology is followed to explore the connections between the different variables. Six correlations between the following variables stand out. Positive correlation: gender with sports specialty, academic degree with distance training expertise, and age with collaboration with the organization. Negative correlation: sportive degree with needed training and received information; and, collaboration with the organization with received information. In addition, a dendrogram was constructed from the qualitative question with five large nodules. The results indicate that tutors do not receive information and that they are not related to the organization at any of the formative moments. It would be convenient to prepare a communication protocol where all participants could contribute from different points of view.
Citizen Participation in the Co-Production of Urban Natural Resource Assets
Authors: Li Lei , Ma Shaojun , Wang Runqi , Wang Yiping , Zheng Yilin
Published: November 2021

Abundant natural resources are the basis of urbanisation and industrialisation. Citizens are the key factor in promoting a sustainable supply of natural resources and the high-quality development of urban areas. This study focuses on the co-production behaviours of citizens regarding urban natural resource assets in the age of big data, and uses the latent Dirichlet allocation algorithm and the stepwise regression analysis method to evaluate citizens’ experiences and feelings related to the urban capitalisation of natural resources. Results show that, firstly, the machine learning algorithm based on natural language processing can effectively identify and deal with the demands of urban natural resource assets. Secondly, in the experience of urban natural resources, citizens pay more attention to the combination of history, culture, infrastructure and natural landscape. Unique natural resource can enhance citizens’ sense of participation. Finally, the scenery, entertainment and quality and value of urban natural resources are the influencing factors of citizens’ satisfaction.
The Evolution of Women Entrepreneurs
Authors: Cervantes-Guzmán Jovanna Nathalie
Published: November 2021

Purpose. The chapter is in illusion of the utility of neuroeconomics in decision making and behavior. Scientific knowledge will be advanced in the need for the application of neuroeconomics focused on one of the services of the information and communication technologies (ICT) of companies that is e-commerce of exponential artisanal SMEs of women entrepreneurs, by developing a proposal for a business model to increase the possibility of growth of their companies at the level national and international level. Methodological approach. The methodology used was deductive, exploratory, descriptive, correlational and documentary. Findings. Neuroeconomics have the potential to explain the phenomena that are considered as a deviation from the prediction or behavioral bias of decision-making models in economic theory. Practical implications. The study up to this point is quantitative using primary and secondary sources for research. Keywords. Neuroeconomics, decision making, behavioral economics, e-commerce.
Drastic Freight Increase for Containerized Cargo in the Pandemic Era: Lack of Mutual Commitment
Authors: Basarici Ahmet Selcuk , Bas Turker
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has seriously damaged the operational harmony of container shipping. Initially, it led to a decrease in the overall throughput of containerized cargo. The industry has faced blank sailings and a lack of container equipment after rising container demand. Operational harmony has not been established for more than a year. Extremely increased freight rates have unprecedently put the shippers in a difficult situation. This study examines the circumstances in terms of the shipper and shipping line relationship and underscores the loose commitment between them. Accordingly, this study questions the mutual commitment of this relationship. This institutionally problematic relationship has become prominent in terms of its consequences in the COVID-19 pandemic era. The problematic part of this relationship is discussed through discourse samples representing different branches of the container shipping industry, using the discourse analysis methodology supported by the literature review. The findings indicate that both shippers and shipping lines recognize that a commitment-based relationship requires decisiveness; however, their priorities in the pandemic era overshadow it. Their mutual commitment may help to alleviate the consequences of any chaos in the future of container shipping, which requires critical projection.
Toward Understanding the Failure Mechanism in Ceramic Vessels Under External Hydrostatic Pressure
Authors: Gordon William H.
Published: November 2021

Abstract The most common failure mode observed in legacy alumina ceramic pressure vessels (PVs) under high external hydrostatic pressure is spalling emanating from the ceramic ends under their metal joint rings. Investigative analyses have blamed excessive tensile stress.
Physical evidence, however, strongly suggests that other factors are also involved. This paper discusses legacy analysis shortcomings and offers an alternative failure mechanism, outlining what these other factors might be. The objective of this note is to stimulate a re-examination of ceramic
PV failure modes, with a view to capitalizing on their significant advantages as a PV material.
Sensitivity Study of a Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) Motion Concerning Wave Parameters
Authors: Wu Haitao , Zhang Zhiyang
Published: November 2021

Abstract A floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) platform is an important facility for offshore oil and gas production. The purpose of this paper is to use a fully coupled time-domain analysis code to study the sensitivity of the FPSO motion to the wave parameters,
which is significantly important for the safety and operability of the FPSO. First, the quality of the numerical model is tested by the difference between the near-field method and the far-field method. Then, a typical operational condition is used to analyze the motion responses of the FPSO.
In this paper, the second-order low-frequency response of the surge motion is obtained by the Newman's approximation method. Finally, the influence of the significant wave height, the peak period, and the peak shape parameter on the surge, pitch, and heave motions of the FPSO is studied through
the standard deviation (STD) and response spectrum. The response spectrum is obtained from the time history of the dynamic response through the fast Fourier transformation (FFT). The results of the dynamic coupled analysis reveal that the FPSO motion changes significantly under different wave
parameters.
Development of a Radiation Survey Device for a Multipurpose Unmanned Surface Vehicle
Authors: Sanada Yukihisa , Miyamoto Kenji , Momma Hiroyasu , Miyazaki Nobuyuki , Nakasone Takamasa , Tahara Junichiro , Baba Shoichiro , Furuyama Hiroki
Published: November 2021

Abstract Large quantities of volatile radionuclides were released into the atmosphere after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) accident in March 2011. An inventory of these radionuclides in seafloor sediments is important for evaluating their environmental
behavior and effects on aquatic organisms. We developed a dedicated radiation survey device that can be installed on a multipurpose unmanned surface vehicle called the Intelligent Boat for Oceanological Survey from Hama-dori (i-BoSH). Both the i-BoSH and dedicated radiation survey device were
developed by a local consortium to survey places of heavy damage from the accident. The radiation survey device can measure radioactivity in-situ and collect eight sediment samples. The device also contains sensors to measure the relative distance between the i-BoSH and the seafloor as well
as other fundamental seawater information such as temperature. A comprehensive test that included in-situ radiation measurements in sediment and collection of sediment core samples was conducted offshore from a radiocesium-contaminated fishing port in Fukushima. Consequently, the effectiveness
of this device was confirmed via a successful operation at 12 sampling points with two cruises from the fishing port. Good correlations were observed between the laboratory and field measurement results of the sampled sediment cores and the in-situ radiation survey, respectively. Successful
application of this device is expected to go beyond environmental surveys around the FDNPS to more general radiation monitoring around nuclear facilities and longer post-accident periods.
A Techno-Economic Feasibility Analysis of Renewable Energy-Based Marine Micro-Grid for Cruise Ship Applications: A Case Study Simulation
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Murugaperumal , Packirisamy Satheeshkumar , Shaik Muqthiar Ali , Karanam Amaresh , Ramasamy Arulselvi , Sagayaraj Marlin
Published: November 2021

Abstract This article mainly deals with the design and developments of marine micro-grid for cruise ship applications. The incorporations of the solar PV array with existing fossil-fuel‐based generators and the replacement of an engine-based propulsion system into
the electric propulsion system have shown enormous improvements in the technical performance and optimal operations of the system. The proposed hybrid marine micro-grid (HMMG) system design and development has created more influences on the system investment flows and environmental pollutant
mitigation. Here, the hybrid micro-grid model has been developed with necessary multi-objective functions and operating constraints. The optimum techno-economic feasibility analysis has been carried out with an energy-balanced loss of load probability algorithm, which proved that the planned
energy management system has a highly commendable and efficient configuration to achieve good system performance with viable economics for a sustainable energy society.
Surface Currents Along the Coast of the Chinese Mainland Observed by Coastal Drifters in Autumn and Winter
Authors: Yang Longqi , Huang Zhida , Sun Zhenyu , Hu Jianyu
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper analyzes the surface current characteristics along the coast of the Chinese mainland in autumn and winter by the trajectories of coastal drifters and remote sensing data. The results show the following: (1) During autumn and winter 2018, the paths of drifters were consistent with that of the Zhe-Min Coastal Water, while the Zhe-Min Coastal Water had a branch intruding the coast of Taiwan Island. (2) When the northeast monsoon weakened or changed direction in a short period, the Zhe-Min Coastal Water showed a reverse flow. (3) In the northeastern South China Sea, the drifter path meandered due to a dipole's influence. (4) Around the frontal area near the Taiwan Bank, the paths of drifters showed a 12.4-h periodic variation, which was mainly controlled by the tidal current. These findings show that the coastal drifter is a useful tool to observe surface currents.
Sociodemographic and spatiotemporal profiles of hepatitis-A in the state of Pará, Brazil, based on reported notified cases
Authors: Leal Philipe Riskalla , José de Paula e Sousa Guimarães Ricardo , Kampel Milton
Published: November 2021

Hepatitis-A virus is a worldwide healthcare problem, mainly affecting countries with poor sanitary and socioeconomic conditions. This communication evaluates the spatiotemporal variability of the disease’s socioepidemiological profile in one of the endemic Brazilian regions (Pará State) prior to (2008-2013) and after (2014-2017) the launch of the national public vaccination programme. Hepatitis-A epidemiological reports concerning Pará State - Brazil - were used for this study including municipalitylevel data of the disease’s reported positive notification cases (PNCs). The analyses involved socioepidemiological profiling and space-time scan statistics. A total of 5500 PNCs were reported in the study period. On average, PNCs decreased over time throughout the state, with strongest drops after 2015. The PNCs were specific for gender, race/ethnic origin and age group. The predominant gender and race/ethnic groups was male and brown, respectively. While children were the most susceptible age group prior to 2015, there was a shift towards older ages (young and adults) in later years. Those found to be the most affected by the disease, as shown by space-time scan statistics, were people in densely populated municipalities with unsatisfactory sanitary conditions and also less well covered by the public vaccination programme. Despite drops in the number of hepatitis-A PNCs, thanks to the national vaccination programme, the disease still persists in Pará State and elsewhere in Brazil. The present study reinforces the need of continuous prevention and control strategies for effective control and erradication of hepatitis-A.
Evaluating the spatial and temporal patterns of the severe fever thrombocytopenia syndrome in Republic of Korea
Authors: Park Seongwoo , Nam Hae-Sung , Na Baeg-Ju
Published: November 2021

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a new infectious disease with a high mortality rate and increased incidence in Republic of Korea since the first case was reported in 2013. The average mortality rate varies by region and year but remains high in Asia. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial and temporal patterns of SFTS cases reported to the national Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA). We analysed the spatial and temporal distribution of SFTS and observed changes in areas vulnerable to the disease. We analysed data concerning 1086 confirmed SFTS patients from 2013 to 2019 categorized according to the 247 district level administrative units. To better understand the epidemiology of SFTS, we carried out spatiotemporal analyses on a yearly basis and also calculated and mapped spatial clusters of domestic SFTS by global (regional) and local Moran’s indices. To observe the annual changes in SFTS incidence rate, scan statistics for each city and district were calculated. The incidence rate showed significant clustering in specific regions, which reoccurred annually in some regions. In Republic of Korea, SFTS clusters have been expanding into the southern regions, with annual clusters concentrated between May and October. This pattern allows prediction of SFTS occurrences through spatiotemporal analysis, which makes it possible to guide measures of disease prevention.
Long-acting reversible hormonal contraception
Authors: Dahan-Farkas N. E. , Irhuma M. O.E.
Published: November 2021

Long-acting reversible hormonal contraceptives are effective methods of birth control that provide contraception for an extended period without requiring user action. Long-acting reversible hormonal contraceptives include progesterone only injectables, subdermal implants and the levonorgestrel intrauterine system. These methods have several advantages over other reversible contraceptive methods. More importantly, once in place, they require minimal maintenance and their duration of action ranges from 8 weeks to 5 years. Despite the advantages of long-acting reversible hormonal contraceptive methods, they are infrequently used in South Africa. Short-acting methods, specifically oral contraceptives and condoms, are by far the most commonly used reversible methods. A shift from the use of short-acting methods to long-acting reversible contraceptive methods could help reduce the high rates of unintended pregnancies in South Africa. In this review of long-acting reversible hormonal contraceptive methods, we discuss the long-acting progesterone injectables, the etonogestrel implant and the levonorgestrel intrauterine system available in South Africa, the side effects of each of these preparations and the non-contraceptive benefits. It is imperative that health professionals and educators inform women of reproductive age about the benefits, risks, and common side effects of long-acting reversible hormonal contraception to improve consideration and recognition of these methods.
When past and present collide: A concise clinical review of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within the context of family practice
Authors: Brand Sarel , Wolmarans De Wet
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
Ethical conundrums in anaesthetic practice
Authors: Lundgren A. C.
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
Facial Palsy
Authors: Jackson M.
Published: November 2021

No abstract available.
The textual similarity of KAM disclosures for Spanish companies
Authors:   National Taiwan University, Hsieh Sheng-Feng , Beretta Custodio Cleber ,   Universidad Pontificia de Comillas, Vasarhelyi Miklos A. ,   Rutgers Business School
Published: November 2021

We investigate and document the textual similarity of key audit matter (KAM) disclosures by using KAM items in auditor’s reports of Spanish companies in fiscal years 2017 and 2018. The main objective is to understand how similar KAMs are disclosed from one year to another. Following prior literature, we use the cosine similarity to measure the textual similarity between KAM items in terms of word usage. We classify and analyze KAM items for two consecutive years based on the following three combinations: (1) KAM topic, (2) KAM topic and auditor, and (3) KAM topic, auditor, and industry of the client being audited. The results indicate that auditors from the same accounting firm tend to have a recurring textual similarity under each KAM topic, and such similarity increases for clients within the same industry. The results add empirical evidence to the understanding of the recurring textual similarity of KAM disclosures
Развитие одного подхода к построению множества блочных биективных преобразований
Authors: Cherednik Igor Vladimirovich
Published: November 2021

Для конечных наборов формул в сигнатуре $\{*,\backslash,/\}$ определяются элементарные преобразования. Приводится конструктивное описание множества таких наборов формул $(w_1,\ldots,w_n)$ от переменных $x_1,\ldots,x_n$, которые при выборе произвольной бинарной квазигруппы (бинарной операции, обратимой по правой переменной) над конечным множеством $\Omega$ реализуют блочные биективные преобразования $\Omega^n\to\Omega^n$. Отдельно рассматриваются наборы формул, вычисления по которым можно проводить, не используя дополнительную память.
Urban Growth, Fuel Service Station Disasters and Policy Compliance in Ghana
Authors: Owusu-Sekyere Ebenezer , Alhassan Hamdiyah , Jengre Enock
Published: November 2021

Disasters associated with Fuel service stations (FSS) in Ghana have been debated  severally and attracted policy attention, yet their mitigation strategies seem too far  off and unimaginably  unrealistic. Knowing that such disasters can limit enjoyment  of citizenship rights, Ghana has developed safety standards geared towards  mitigating their effects. Framed around the compliance theory and drawing on  data from 150 residential owners located within 15.4m buffer zone and five state  institutions, this article examined the extent of compliance with safety policies  guiding FSS in Kumasi, Ghana. The results showed that compliance with safety  policies was sinking into its bare existential levels as none of the facilities selected  for the study passed all the 11 safety standards. The facilities also negatively affected  residents who never considered their place of abode as perilous and that they  live in zones of vulnerabilities. This situation it is argued, fundamentally affects development trajectory of the contemporary African city. It obviously obscures the realities of interrelated processes shaping urban disaster management. Even  though the spring-up of FSS have catapulted economic growth, inherently they are  also hazard-ridden. We suggest that in the broad scheme of urban planning, FSS  safety policies must not be discussed in the margins.
Youth Perceptions, Use and Effects of Social Media on Peace and Conflicts in Tanzania
Authors: Manyerere David J.
Published: November 2021

The article focused on examining how youth perception and use of social media  (SM) influences peace and conflicts among Tanzanians, using the Dar es Salaam  region as a case study. A qualitative approach was used to collect and analyse data.  A purposive sampling technique was used to select respondents, whereby youth,  local government officers and community residents were interviewed. The findings  revealed that SM has both advantages and disadvantages in promoting peace and  activating conflicts, depending on users’ perceptions and interests. SM facilitates  conflicts due to the Social Media Networks (SMNs) ability to spread fake news  quickly, unfounded claims, and rumours. These promote conflicts between political  opponents as well as causing mistrust among citizens and their leaders. Some  artists, especially comedians, instigate conflicts in society by editing political and  religious leaders’ messages. On the other hand, it was revealed that SM promotes  peace due to quicker transfer of relevant information that nurtures positive unit  values, solidarity, respect and love among the group, society members, and citizens.  These values promote good deeds, such as worshipping God, working and living  together amicably. However, the study found out that lack of appropriate education  on SM’s use and importance among many youths on youth development seems  to have hindered SM use in peace promotion. The study calls for strengthening  stakeholders’ initiative to educate and mobilise improved use of SM among youth  to sustain peace and security, which is a pre-condition for their self-development  and prosperity of their country.
Understanding the causes and dynamics of conflicts in Ghana: Insights from Bawku Traditional Area
Authors: Agyeman Lawrence Opoku
Published: November 2021

A Conflict can be resolved when there is an adequate understanding of its  causes. The objective of this study is to contribute to the understanding of the  contributory factors of the Bawku chieftaincy conflict as a case study and explore  the lasting solutions to the conflict which contributes to the political, cultural,  and socio-economic development. The study surveyed 200 householders using systematic and snow-balling in five spatial locations in the Bawku Traditional  Area. Subsequently, face-to-face interviews were conducted with the Traditional  Authorities, the Police, and the Belim-Wusa Development Agency to verify the  claims made in the survey and to obtain further insights into the conflict. The  responses obtained from the interviews were analyzed for patterns and themes and used as narratives in the work. The geographical location and socio-economic  activities such as population growth, farming, and poverty have made the Bawku  Traditional Area more prone to persistent conflicts. Again, other contributory  factors included; political interference, freedom from fear, a proliferation of small  arms, and inadequate access to social services. The empirical findings support the  proposition that political interventions sowed the seed of the Bawku conflict. The  study recommended that the National Peace Council should organize a workshop  to educate the political parties on the need to stay away from chieftaincy matters.
Pelayanan Diakonia: Upaya Gereja dalam Mengentaskan Kemiskinan bagi Warga Jemaat
Authors: Zega Yunardi Kristian
Published: November 2021

The increase in the number of poor people during the current COVID-19 pandemic is a serious challenge. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed almost all of the living arrangements of most people. This can be seen from the increasing economic crisis in people's lives which is increasingly concerning. One of the causes is quite significant, because many companies do mass layoffs of employees due to the economic crisis in the company. This also affects many people who lose the only job that supports their daily needs. Therefore, to reduce the level of poverty among the people and assist the government in dealing with these problems, the church can take on its role. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide an overview or concept of the role of the church in alleviating the problem of poverty in the midst of the congregation. The research method used is library research with a descriptive qualitative approach. The results of this research, namely: First, the church needs to make training that can develop the abilities (skills) of each congregation. Second, the church needs to be an example in terms of work and in building awareness to help the poor. Third, the church needs to build healthy congregational spiritual growth. AbstrakPeningkatan jumlah masyarakat miskin di masa pandemi covid 19 saat ini, menjadi sebuah tantangan yang cukup serius. Pandemi covid-19 merubah hampir semua tatanan hidup dari sebagian besar masyarakat. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari meningkatnya krisis ekonomi dalam kehidupan masyarakat yang semakin memprihatinkan. Salah satu penyebab yang cukup signifikan, karena banyak perusahaan melakukan pemecatan secara massal kepada karyawan akibat terjadinya krisis ekonomi di perusahaan tersebut. Hal ini pun berimbas kepada banyaknya orang yang kehilangan satu-satunya pekerjaan yang menghidupi kebutuhan mereka sehari-hari. Oleh sebab itu, untuk mengurangi tingkat kemiskinan di kalangan masyarakat dan membantu pemerintah dalam menghadapi persoalan tersebut, gereja dapat mengambil perannya. Untuk itu, tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran atau konsep mengenai peran gereja dalam mengentaskan persoalan kemiskinan di tengah-tengah jemaat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pustaka dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini, yakni: Pertama, gereja perlu membuat pelatihan yang dapat mengembangkan kemampuan setiap Jemaat. Kedua, gereja perlu menjadi teladan dalam hal bekerja dan dalam membangun kesadaran untuk menolong kaum miskin. Ketiga, gereja perlu membangun pertumbuhan spiritualitas jemaat yang sehat.
Buena educación en Sudamérica (2000-2020)
Authors: Falconí Fander , Intriago Ruthy , Ponce Juan
Published: November 2021

Este libro ofrece un profundo análisis comparado de la política educativa en Sudamérica. Con un soporte teórico integral y una metodología rigurosa, los autores reconstruyen diez casos de estudio a lo largo de las primeras dos décadas de este siglo a partir de las siguientes preguntas: ¿qué avances y retrocesos han registrado las políticas educativas en Sudamérica a partir del 2000? ¿Cómo comprender esta dinámica? ¿Cómo impactó el cambio de ciclo político regional de inicios de siglo sobre la educación? ¿Qué gobiernos realizaron mayores avances en términos de calidad y equidad? ¿Qué recomendaciones de política educativa se desprenden de esta investigación? Los hallazgos empíricos corroboran de forma contundente el impacto de la Política –con mayúscula– que, en determinado contexto regional, puede configurar de modo trascendental resultados de policy específicos, particularmente en el ámbito educativo, tan necesitado de avances medulares y definitivos. Se comprueba en este trabajo que la Política importa a la hora de conseguir resultados educativos sobre todo de carácter social: incremento de la inversión educativa, expansión de derechos sociales, revalorización de la escuela pública, aumento de la matrícula educativa… También se hacen patentes los perennes desafíos que acompañan a tales logros, mostrando los nudos y las tensiones que aún requieren ser desatados para desarrollar en nuestra región servicios educativos de calidad y, sobre todo, humanos. Gloria del Castillo Alemán Directora general de FLACSO México
A microbiological survey of campylobacter contamination in fresh whole UK-produced chilled chickens at retail sale (Y6)
Authors:   Public Health England, UK, Jorgensen Frieda , Kesby Michelle , Swift Craig , Painset Anais , Douglas Amy , Corcionivoschi Nicolae ,   Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Northern Ireland, UK.
Published: November 2021

Campylobacter spp. are the most common bacterial cause of foodborne illness in the UK, with chicken considered to be the most important vehicle for this organism. The FSA agreed with industry to reduce campylobacter spp. contamination in raw chicken and issued a target to reduce the prevalence of the most contaminated chickens (those with more than 1000 cfu per gram chicken neck skin) to below 10% at the end of the slaughter process, initially by 2016. To help monitor progress, a series of UK-wide surveys were undertaken to determine the levels of campylobacter spp. on whole UK-produced, fresh chicken at retail sale in the UK. The data obtained for the first five years was reported in FSA projects FS241044 – year 1 (2014/15) and FS102121- year 2 to 5 (2015 to 2019). This new survey represents year 6 of sampling, carried out from August 2019 to October 2020.