bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Численное исследование взаимодействия ударной волны с проницаемым деформируемым гранулированным слоем
Authors: Модин Иван Александрович , Modin Ivan Aleksandrovich , Кочетков Анатолий Васильевич , Kochetkov A V , Глазова Елена Геннадьевна , Glazova Elena Gennad'evna
Published: April 2022

Получены решения задач воздействия плоских ударных волн на деформируемый гранулированный слой. Исследуется трансформация волн при прохождении через упругопластический гранулированный слой с учетом и без учета изменения проницаемости слоя вследствие его деформации. При решении задач используется зависимость изменения проницаемости слоя от его сжатия, которая получена численно при моделировании сжатия симметричных фрагментов гранулированных слоев в пространственной постановке.
Представлена математическая модель, описывающая в одномерном приближении взаимосвязанные процессы нестационарного деформирования плоских проницаемых гранулированных слоев, состоящих из шаровых частиц, и волновых процессов в поровом и окружающем газе. В основе модели лежат нелинейные уравнения динамики двух взаимопроникающих континуумов. В качестве межфазных сил учитываются силы сопротивления при обтекании газом шаровых частиц и силы трения Стокса.
Численное решение уравнений проводится по модифицированной схеме С. К. Годунова, адаптированной к задачам динамики взаимопроникающих сред. Поверхности контакта чистого газа с пористым гранулированным слоем и поровым газом являются поверхностью разрыва пористости и проницаемости, на которых выполняются законы сохранения как на скачке пористости. Численная реализация контактных условий производится на основе решения задачи распада разрыва на скачке пористости. Численные исследования процессов нелинейного взаимодействия ударных волн с деформируемыми проницаемыми гранулированными слоями показали, что параметры проходящих и отраженных волн существенно зависят от степени обжатия гранулированных слоев. Поэтому оценку защитных свойств проницаемых преград при воздействии сильных ударных волн следует проводить с учетом изменения их проницаемости вследствие деформирования слоев.
Моделирование процесса равновесного роста трещины в композитном образце с позиций
механики закритического деформирования
Authors: Вильдеман Валерий Эрвинович , Vildeman Valeriy Ervinovich , Мугатаров Артур Ильдарович , Mugatarov Artur Il'darovich
Published: April 2022

Обеспечение прочностной надежности и безопасности конструкций требует изучения вопросов возникновения и равновесного роста трещин. Существует аналогия между подходами механики распространения трещин и феноменологической механики разрушения, строящейся на основе использования полных диаграмм деформирования. Для описания процессов деформирования тел с трещинами целесообразно использовать разработанные ранее модели механики закритического деформирования, позволяющие описывать равновесные процессы накопления повреждений, сопровождающиеся разупрочнением. В работе на примере численного, с использованием когезионных элементов, моделирования межслойного разрушения композитного образца продемонстрирована реализация полной диаграммы деформирования материала вблизи вершины трещины. Построены расчетные диаграммы нагружения, на которых отображены точки появления зоны закритического деформирования и начала роста трещины. Выявлена связь между модулем спада материала и максимальными значениями расчетной нагрузки, раскрытия и длины пророщенной трещины. Отмечено влияние жесткости нагружающей системы. Сделан вывод о целесообразности рассмотрения задач моделирования процессов деформирования и разрушения конструкций с применением когезионных элементов с позиций механики закритического деформирования.
On covariant non-constancy of distortion and inversed distortion tensors
Authors: Radayev Yuri Nikolaevich , Murashkin Eugenii Valeryevich , Nesterov Timofey K.
Published: April 2022

Обсуждаются вопросы ковариантного постоянства тензоров и псевдотензоров произвольной валентности и веса в евклидовом пространстве. Приводятся минимально необходимые сведения из алгебры и анализа псевдотензоров. Выясняются условия ковариантного постоянства псевдотензоров. Рассматриваются примеры ковариантно постоянных тензоров и псевдотензоров из многомерной геометрии. Речь, в частности, идет о фундаментальном ориентирующем псевдоскаляре, целые степени которого удовлетворяют условию ковариантного постоянства. В работе продемонстрировано, что тензоры дисторсии и обратной дисторсии на самом деле не являются ковариантно постоянными, в противовес указаниям на ковариантное постоянство дисторсии и обратной дисторсии, которые встречаются в литературных источниках по нелинейной механике континуума.
О новом лагранжевом взгляде на эволюцию завихренности в пространственных течениях
Authors: Максименко Иван Александрович , Maksimenko Ivan A. , Марков Владимир Васильевич , Markov Vladimir Vasil'evich
Published: April 2022

Цель исследования состоит в распространении на пространственный случай разработанного Г. Б. Сизых подхода к эволюции завихренности для двумерных течений, базирующегося на представлении эволюции завихренности в виде такого движения вихревых линий и вихревых трубок, при котором интенсивность этих трубок меняется со временем по любому наперeд заданному закону. Метод. Строгий анализ уравнений, описывающих поле скорости течения идеальной несжимаемой жидкости и вязкого газа в общем пространственном случае с использованием представления о движении воображаемых частиц. Результаты. Для любого заданного временного закона изменения циркуляции скорости (например, для экспоненциального убывания) реальной жидкости по контурам предложен способ построения поля скорости движения этих контуров и вихревых трубок (т. е. построение поля скорости переносящих их воображаемых частиц). Установлено, что при заданной функции времени скорость воображаемых частиц определяется неоднозначно, и предложен способ коррекции их движения при сохранении выбранного закона изменения циркуляции. Заключение. Предложен новый лагранжев подход к эволюции завихренности в пространственных течениях и получены выражения для скорости движения контуров, обеспечивающие заданное изменение со временем циркуляции скорости реальной жидкости по любому контуру. Данный теоретический результат может быть использован в пространственных модификациях метода вязких вихревых доменов для ограничения количества учитываемых в расчетах векторных трубок.
Weighted critical exponents of Sobolev-type embeddings for radial functions
Authors: Su Jiabao , Wang Cong
Published: April 2022

In this article, we prove the upper weighted critical exponents for some embeddings from weighted Sobolev spaces of radial functions into weighted Lebesgue spaces. We also consider the lower critical exponent for certain embedding.
Filling in the GAPS: validation of anion gap (AGAP) measurement uncertainty estimates for use in clinical decision making
Authors: Gifford Jessica L. , Seiden-Long Isolde
Published: April 2022

Objectives

We compare measurement uncertainty (MU) calculations to real patient result variation observed by physicians using as our model anion gap (AGAP) sequentially measured on two different instrument types. An approach for discretely quantifying the pre-analytical contributions and validating AGAP MU estimates for interpretation of patient results is proposed.

Methods

AGAP was calculated from sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate reported from chemistry or blood gas analyzers which employ different methodologies and specimen types. AGAP MU was calculated using a top-down approach both assuming no correlation between measurands and alternatively, including consideration of measurand correlation. MU-derived reference change values (RCV) were calculated between chemistry and blood gas analyzers results. Observational paired AGAP data (n=39,626 subjects) was obtained from retrospectively analyzed specimens from five urban tertiary care hospitals in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Results

The MU derived AGAP RCV for paired specimen data by the two platforms was 5.2–6.1 mmol/L assuming no correlation and 2.6–3.1 mmol/L assuming correlation. From the paired chemistry and blood gas data, total observed variation on a reported AGAP has a 95% confidence interval of ±6.0 mmol/L. When the MU-derived RCV assuming correlation is directly compared against the observed distribution of patient results, we obtained a pre-analytical variation contribution of 2.9–3.5 mmol/L to the AGAP observed variation. In contrast, assuming no correlation leads to a negligible pre-analytical contribution (<1.0 mmol/L).

Conclusions

MU estimates assuming no correlation are more representative of the total variation seen in real patient data. We present a pragmatic approach for validating an MU calculation to inform clinical decisions and determine the pre-analytical contribution to MU in this system.
Development of binary models for prediction and optimization of nutritional values of enriched kokoro: a case of response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN)
Authors: Adeoye Babatunde Kazeem , Ajala Olajide Olukayode , Oke Emmanuel Olusola
Published: April 2022

Kokoro as a broadly acknowledge maize snack is being consumed every day by both the children and grown-ups, but it is characterized by the low protein content required for survival. The blending of maize flour (MF), sesame flour (SF) and moringa flour (mF) to enhance the nutritional values of kokoro was optimize with response surface technique (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). MF, SF and mF were mixed at diverse proportion and the optimal blending ratio was gotten using D-optimal design method. The protein and carbohydrate actual contents were compared with their predicted values using RSM and ANN models. The performance of the developed RSM and ANN models were validated with coefficient of determination (R2) and mean square error (MSE). The optimal blending ratio of MF: SF: mF was 54.11: 37.06: 8.83. The optimal blending ratio gave 25.53% of protein content and 45.99% of carbohydrate content. The statistical analysis of the experimental data obtained using different statistical techniques shows that regression models by RSM gave R2 of 0.999 for protein yield and 0.983 for carbohydrate yield while ANN gave R2 of 0.999 with MSE 9.24184 × 10−1. Therefore, it can be concluded from the results that both the RSM and ANN gave good prediction of the model.
The Golden Fetters in the Mediterranean Periphery. How Spain and Italy Overcame Business Cycles Between 1870 and 1913?
Authors: Roldan Alba
Published: April 2022

The gold standard was a monetary system based on fixed exchange rates, whereby domestic prices were pegged to the international price level and a high level of control had to be exercised over the money supply. This meant that fiscal discipline also had to be maintained for a country to remain on the gold standard. In times of crisis, countries had to leave the gold standard or use internal devaluation. This article seeks to gain an understanding of the role of the different economic policies in Italy and Spain at the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century and how they were used in response to reductions in GDP. This article considers fiscal policy, monetary policy, and exchange rate policy estimating a VAR model. Results show how the exchange rate depreciation had positive effects on the Spanish economy during 1870–1913, while it only helped the Italian economy in specific periods to overcome crises. The expansive monetary policy was necessary for both countries to maintain public expenditure, which in turn allowed a smoothing of the GDP fluctuations. None of these policy options would have been available under the gold standard.
The fat bride and the foolish messengers: humorizing the love theme in an early Islamic poem
Authors: Hussein Ali Ahmad
Published: April 2022

The main premise of this study is that the long poem by early Islamic poet Ḥumayd b. Thawr al-Hilālī (d. ca. 68–70/688–690) has a dual function. One is expressive and poetic—striving for elegant and affective verses mainly related to love. The other is humoristic and attempts to amuse. The poem’s humor appears predominantly in the passages describing a corpulent bride, and the failure of two go-betweens to set up a meeting between lovers, with the narration of multiple love affairs further contributing to its comedy. The main objective of this study is to shed light on the use and techniques of humor in classical Arabic culture, a topic neglected in modern research.
The Untold Story of Midijobs
Authors: Herget Anna , Riphahn Regina T.
Published: April 2022

Midijobs are employment relationships with moderate monthly earnings that benefit from payroll tax subsidies. Since 2003, the subsidy is universally available for all regions, industries, individuals, and employers in Germany. Recently, more than 2.9 million individuals, i.e., almost 9 percent of the German labor force covered by the social security system took advantage of Midijobs. This paper describes the program, its motivation, and utilization over time. We characterize the labor market transitions leading into and out of Midijob employment, the duration of Midijob utilization, and compare recent developments with patterns of program utilization that were observed early on.
Crystal structure of (2-(1-hydroxyheptyl)octahydro-8aH-chromene-5,8,8a-triol), C16H30O5
Authors: Wang Guangdi , Qian Shihao , Yan Sun , Wen Tingchi
Published: April 2022

C16H30O5, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 5.6814(5) Å, b = 13.0181(12) Å, c = 22.833(2) Å, β = 96.473(2)°, V = 1677.9(3) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0508, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1346, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of N-((3s,5s,7s)-adamantan-1-yl)-2-(3-benzoylphenyl)propanamide, C26H29NO2
Authors: Gao Li-Na , Gu Ye , Jin Feng , Hao Duo , Zhang Xin-Ru
Published: April 2022

C26H29NO2, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 10.8490(8) Å, b = 13.2892(9) Å, c = 14.7199(10) Å, α = 89.161(3)°, β = 79.991(2)°, γ = 85.746(2)°, V = 2084.2(3) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0641, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1449, T = 170 K.
A Little Mystery, Mythology, and Romance: How the “Pigmy Flint” Got Its Name
Authors: Piper Stephanie F.
Published: April 2022

The term “pigmy flint” was coined in 1895 and frequently used to describe small flint implements, many of them microliths, in British and Irish archaeology during the earliest decades of the 20th century. It was briefly adopted in France over a decade later to describe the same tools, translated as “silex pygmée”, the simultaneous emergence of the French term “microlithique” saw the latter become more widely used, however. The Anglicised “microlith” was not commonly incorporated into British archaeological terminology until the mid-1920s. The international interplay in nomenclature and the changing nature of the terminology that was used to describe such “very small implements of flint” are mirrored by the different attitudes of early archaeologists to these tools. They were dismissed by some and marvelled at by others. Moreover, the definitions that surround these terms are embedded within the problematised acceptance of the “Mesolithic” as a distinct chronological entity. The recognition of morphologically similar “pigmies” across the world sparked questions of migration, function, and chronology – in its broadest culture-historical sense – thus shaping the way in which this microlithic technology and its association with the Mesolithic came to be understood by early archaeologists in Western Europe.
Experiments into the influence of linguistic (in)directness on perceived face-threat in Twitter complaints
Authors: Ruytenbeek Nicolas , Decock Sofie , Depraetere Ilse
Published: April 2022

To date, there has been little attention for the factors that influence the perception of online complaints. We present two experiments in which we test the impact of the degree of linguistic (in)directness and the formal realization of complaint components on complaint perception. Our experimental stimuli are designed on the basis of French-language authentic Twitter complaints which have been coded in terms of the presence of four constitutive complaint components: the complainable, the negative evaluation of the complainable, the person/company responsible for the complainable, and a wish for compensation. In our experiments, participants are asked to read Twitter complaints, and they are invited to assess them in terms of perceived strength, dissatisfaction, (im)politeness, and offensiveness. Our results indicate that not only the number but also the type of component that is formally realized shape complaint perception. We also find a positive correlation between perceived complaint strength and impoliteness. In addition, different formal realizations of the negative evaluation of the complainable have a different effect on complaint perception; in particular, negative emoji make the complaints softer and more polite. We also discuss methodological issues that have arisen while designing the experiments and that have to do with the operationalization of face-threat.
Chromatographic characterization of the fusion protein SARS-CoV-2 S protein (RBD)-hFc
Authors: García Laura , Ruíz Ingrid , Gómez José A.
Published: April 2022

At the Center of Molecular Immunology (Havana, Cuba), the fusion protein SARS-CoV-2 S protein (RBD)-hFc was synthesized linking the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the crystallizable fragment of a human immunoglobulin. This fusion protein was used in the construction of a diagnostic device for COVID-19 called UMELISA SARS-CoV-2-IgG. Given the relevance of this protein, the characterization of three batches (A1, A2 and A3) was carried out. The molecular weight of the protein was determined to be 120 kDa, using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Its isoelectric point was estimated between 8.3 and 9 by isoelectric focusing. The molecular integrity was evaluated by size exclusion liquid chromatography and SDS-PAGE after one year of the production of the protein; the presence of aggregates and fragments was detected. Batches A1 and A2 have a purity percentage higher than 95% and they can be used for the construction of new diagnostic devices.
Nuclear reaction data for medical and industrial applications: recent contributions by Egyptian cyclotron group
Authors: Al-Abyad Mogahed , Hassan H. Ebrahim , Mohamed Gehan Y. , Saleh Zeinab A. , Comsan M. Nassef H. , Azzam Ahmed
Published: April 2022

Measurement and evaluation of nuclear data of radioisotopes used as tracers are continuously underway in many laboratories to reach high accuracy for their use in production. We briefly mention some of the radionuclides useful for medical diagnostics and other industrial applications. The research group at the Egyptian cyclotron facility (EGCF) performed in collaboration with nuclear research centres and universities in many countries (Germany, Hungary, Finland, USA, Japan and Saudi Arabia) some measurements and evaluations of interesting nuclear reaction data. Nuclear reactions induced by p, d and α-particles on a wide variety of targets were extensively studied from threshold energy up to 50 MeV. Nuclear model code calculations, mainly using EMPIRE and TALYS, were performed for nuclear data validation. Proton and neutron activation of some industrially interesting samples were also studied as technological application of nuclear analytical techniques. Since the cyclotron facility is dedicated to development of the production routes of medical radioisotopes, this overview presents examples of optimization experiments to establish good production conditions.
Unrestricted, restricted, and regularized models for forecasting multivariate volatility
Authors: Anatolyev Stanislav , Staněk Filip
Published: April 2022

We perform an extensive investigation of different specifications of the BEKK-type multivariate volatility models for a moderate number of assets, focusing on how the degree of parametrization affects forecasting performance. Because the unrestricted specification may be too generously parameterized, often one imposes restrictions on coefficient matrices constraining them to have a diagonal or even scalar structure. We frame all three model variations (full, diagonal, scalar) as special cases of a ridge-type regularized estimator, where the off-diagonal elements are shrunk towards zero and the diagonal elements are shrunk towards homogeneity. Our forecasting experiments with BEKK-type Conditional Autoregressive Wishart model for realized volatility confirm the superiority of the more parsimonious scalar and diagonal model variations. Even though sometimes a moderate degree of regularization of the diagonal and off-diagonal parameters may be beneficial for forecasting performance, it does not regularly lead to tangible performance improvements irrespective of how precise is tuning of regularization intensity. Additionally, our results highlight the crucial importance of frequent model re-estimation in improving the forecast precision, and, perhaps paradoxically, a slight advantage of shorter estimation windows compared to longer windows.
First metrological validation of TwOGaSt, a new, absolute dTDLAS-trace-hygrometer, using the primary, coulometric, trace water vapour generator at PTB
Authors: Nwaboh Javis A. , Pratzler Sonja , Ebert Volker
Published: April 2022

We report the first realization of a TwOGaSt, a trace water optical gas standard (OGS) based on direct tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (dTDLAS). The TwOGaSt (Trace water Optical Gas Standard) hygrometer is equipped with a fiber-coupled DFB-laser emitting at 1.37 µm, a 36 m multi-pass astigmatic Herriott gas cell and a room-temperature InGaAs photo detector. TwOGaSt is capable of directly measuring absolute H2O concentration without any previous calibration of the spectrometer with reference gas mixtures. Water vapour amount fraction (= concentration) results delivered by TwOGaSt covering the concentration range from 10 to 350 µmol/mol (µmol/mol = ppm) were demonstrated and showed an optimum precision of 0.023 µmol/mol at a time resolution of 2 s. Further, we demonstrate the first metrological validation of this new OGS for absolute “calibration free” trace H2O amount fraction measurements in N2 and air, by comparing it with the primary coulometric trace water standard (CSFG) of PTB. The TwOGaSt results were in excellent agreement with the CSFG, PTB’s primary trace water vapor standard [1]. The relative standard uncertainty of the laser-hygrometer was determined to be is 1.2 %. This demonstrates that after SEALDH [2] and HAI [3], we now realized with TwOGaSt a laser-based, calibration-free, first-principles, optical gas standard (OGS) for the trace water vapor range, which is highly relevant for the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UT/LS) i. e. below 100 µmol/mol down to 4 µmol/mol (the tropopause H2O minimum).
Effects of Goldblatt hypertension on rats’ hippocampal cholinergic system
Authors: Sepehri Hamid , Ganji Farzaneh , Nazari Zahra , Vahid Marzieh
Published: April 2022

Background

The classical renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has an important role in the cardiovascular system and water homeostasis in the body. Recently, the existence of RAS with all of its components has been shown in the mammalian brain. RAS participates in many brain activities, including memory acquisition and consolidation. Since the cholinergic neurotransmission in the hippocampus is crucial for these functions, this study aims to evaluate the hippocampal angiotensin receptors (ATs) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) mRNA in the renovascular hypertensive rats in captopril- and losartan-treated hypertensive rats.

Methods

The rats were randomly divided into four groups of eight animals; sham, Goldblatt two kidney one clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats and Goldblatt 2K1C hypertensive rats received 5 mg/kg captopril and Goldblatt 2K1C hypertensive rats received 10 mg/kg losartan. After 8 days of treatment, the rats were sacrificed and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), ChAT, AT1, and AT2 receptor mRNAs in the hippocampus of rats were assessed by real-time PCR. The Morris water maze test was applied to measure the cognitive functioning of the rats.

Results

Hypertensive rats showed impaired acquisition and memory function in the Morris water maze test. Treatment with ACE inhibitor (captopril) and AT1 receptor antagonist (losartan) reversed the observed acquisition and memory deficit in hypertensive rats. Overexpression of AChE, AT1, and AT2 and low expression of ChAT were noted in the hippocampus of rats with Goldblatt hypertension compared with that of the sham group. Treatment with captopril significantly reversed these changes, while treatment with losartan slightly reduced the mentioned effects.

Conclusion

The memory-enhancing effect of captopril in renovascular hypertensive rats might lead to increased hippocampal ChAT expression.
Characteristics Analysis of Digital Broadcast BioSignal Based on Fuzzy Integral
Authors: Yang Xi
Published: April 2022

In this work, an analysis method based on fuzzy integral was proposed to analyze the features of digital broadcast bio-signals. First, the signal preemphasis and normalized was conducted. Second, the signal was decomposed into different subspaces with fuzzy integrals and features of each subspace were extracted. Then standardization, dimension reduction, and characteristics analysis are conducted on the eigenvectors of each digital broadcast subspace signal to realize the characteristic analysis of digital broadcast signals. The experiment results show that the response time of this method is between 20 and 30 min, the cost is less than 10,000 RMB, and the detection probability is greater than 97 %, which indicate that the proposed method can quickly and accurately analyze the characteristics of digital broadcast bio-signals.
Song Imitation in Congenital Amusia
Authors: Loutrari Ariadne , Jiang Cunmei , Liu Fang
Published: April 2022

Congenital amusia is a neurogenetic disorder of pitch perception that may also compromise pitch production. Despite amusics’ long documented difficulties with pitch, previous evidence suggests that familiar music may have an implicit facilitative effect on their performance. It remains, however, unknown whether vocal imitation of song in amusia is influenced by melody familiarity and the presence of lyrics. To address this issue, thirteen Mandarin speaking amusics and 13 matched controls imitated novel song segments with lyrics and on the syllable /la/. Eleven out of these participants in each group also imitated segments of a familiar song. Subsequent acoustic analysis was conducted to measure pitch and timing matching accuracy based on eight acoustic measures. While amusics showed worse imitation performance than controls across seven out of the eight pitch and timing measures, melody familiarity was found to have a favorable effect on their performance on three pitch-related acoustic measures. The presence of lyrics did not affect either group’s performance substantially. Correlations were observed between amusics’ performance on the Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia and imitation of the novel song. We discuss implications in terms of music familiarity, memory demands, the relevance of lexical information, and the link between perception and production.
Measuring Children’s Harmonic Knowledge with Implicit and Explicit Tests
Authors: Corrigall Kathleen A. , Tillmann Barbara , Schellenberg E. Glenn
Published: April 2022

We used implicit and explicit tasks to measure knowledge of Western harmony in musically trained and untrained Canadian children. Younger children were 6–7 years of age; older children were 10–11. On each trial, participants heard a sequence of five piano chords. The first four chords established a major-key context. The final chord was the standard, expected tonic of the context or one of two deviant endings: the highly unexpected flat supertonic or the moderately unexpected subdominant. In the implicit task, children identified the timbre of the final chord (guitar or piano) as quickly as possible. Response times were faster for the tonic ending than for either deviant ending, but the magnitude of the priming effect was similar for the two deviants, and the effect did not vary as a function of age or music training. In the explicit task, children rated how good each chord sequence sounded. Ratings were highest for sequences with the tonic ending, intermediate for the subdominant, and lowest for the flat supertonic. Moreover, the difference between the tonic and deviant sequences was larger for older children with music training. Thus, the explicit task provided a more nuanced picture of musical knowledge than did the implicit task.
Can the Intended Messages of Mismatched Lexical Tone in Igbo Music Be Understood? A Test for Listeners’ Perception of the Matched Versus Mismatched Compositions
Authors: Ofuani Sunday
Published: April 2022

In tone languages, alteration of lexical tone changes the intended meaning. This implies that composers should equally match lexical tone in their music for intelligible communication of the intended textual messages, a compositional approach termed Lexical Tone Determinants (LTD) in this study. Yet, in the Ìgbò language setting, some composers creatively disregard/mismatch lexical tone, which is branded as Musical/Creative Determinants (M/CD). It is believed that mismatched lexical tone in Ìgbò music alters listeners’ comprehension of the intended messages; on the other hand, it is argued that thorough match of lexical tone constrains musical creativity. Listeners’ perception of textual messages in LTD and M/CD music has not been empirically tested (side-by-side) to verify whether comprehension is lost or not, at least, in the Ìgbò language context. This empirical void gap is verified in this particular study to substantiate the propositions/findings using comparative measures to collect data through listeners’ perception in live-performance of newly composed LTD and M/CD pieces. Specifically, it examines whether mismatched lexical tone in Ìgbò music alters message comprehension or not. The data were collated, presented, and analyzed statistically with chi-square deployed to evaluate their difference in message comprehension.
SECRS TEMPLATE TO AID NOVICE DEVELOPERS IN SECURITY REQUIREMENTS IDENTIFICATION AND DOCUMENTATION
Authors:   Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Qadir Nuzhat , Ahmad Rodina ,   Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: April 2022

The security requirements are one of the non-functional requirements (NFR) which acts as a constraint on the functions of the system to be built. Security requirements are important and may affect the entire quality of the system. Unfortunately, many organizations do not pay much attention to it. The security problems should be focused on the early phases of the development process i.e. in the requirements phase to stop the problems spreading down in the later phases and in turn to avoid the rework. Subsequently, when security requirements are to be focused, proper guidance should be provided which should assist requirements engineers. Many security requirements engineering methods were developed in the past which require different level of expertise such as SQUARE process which requires requirements engineer to have a certain level of security expertise. Moreover, it lacks proper guidance especially for novice developers in applying the existing security requirements engineering (SecRE) methods to identify security requirements. Hence, this study intends to address the gap by developing a guided template to assist novice developers in the security requirements identification and documentation. The main objectives of the research are: 1) to study and investigate the existing security requirements engineering (SecRE) methods. 2) To develop a template to aid novice developers in identifying and documenting security requirements. The developed template is applied to two case studies of software projects to determine its usability and applicability. The results of the case studies evaluation show that both the usability and applicability of the template is good. The template is also evaluated by several experts and software practitioners. The evaluation results show that the SecRS template is found to be satisfying the usability and applicability factors; thereby confirming that the proposed template achieves its desired objective of aiding the novice developers to identify and document security requirements correctly.
Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić kao "kraljica primaljske poezije"
Authors: Zima Dubravka
Published: April 2022

Članak analizira okolnosti objavljivanja dviju knjižica Ivane Brlić-Mažuranić objavljene tijekom 1920-ih godina, Radosna majka dobra pjestinja (1924) i Dječja čitanka o zdravlju (1927), kojima se u dosadašnjim istraživanjima autoričina opusa nije pridala osobita pozornost. Brlić-Mažuranić obje je knjižice napisala po narudžbi, pri čemuje prva slobodan prijevod u stihovima neimenovanoganjemačkog izvornika. Obje se knjižice bave pragmatičnim, praktičnim zdravstvenim i higijenskim savjetima. U članku se knjižice interpretiraju i kontekstualiziraju unutar autoričina opusa.
A Qualitative Exploration of the Perceived Role Models within Youth
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Zinoveva Liudmila V.
Published: April 2022

This study focuses primarily on a qualitative exploration of the perceived social role patterns in youth. In this article we aim to elaborate on the following research questions. First, what characteristics are involved to describe role identity as well as role antagonists? Second, which role patterns and descriptions are composed of role models in university students? According to research questions Pearsonʼs chi-squared test was used. Finally, we conclude with a discussion on how role models contribute to other aspects for instance when role model narratives are not just self-expression but have relevant power constituting knowledge, practices, and collectively generating the cognitive structure of social experience. We hope this article encourages further work to a deeper understanding of the developmental processes behind social influence at the intersection of psychology and social studies, putting role models center stage.
Evaluation of thyroid hormones and ferritin level in patients with β- thalassemia
Authors: Hussein Sura Zahim
Published: April 2022

Background and aims. Thalassemia is a condition that affects hemoglobin synthesis and is one of the most common hereditary illnesses in the world. Patients with thalassemia major require several blood transfusions. Multiple blood transfusions cause thyroid dysfunction, which leads to iron excess.

Methods. From August 2019 to January 2020, serum samples were obtained from 90 persons, 30 of whom were healthy, and 60 (46 male and 44 female) with β-thalassemia major, aged 5-20 years, who visited the thalassemia care center at Salah Aldeen General Hospital in Tikrit city.

Results. Patients had a significant increase (P≤0.01) in T4 and TSH hormones when compared to controls, whereas T3 was also significantly higher (P≤0.05) than in controls. Compared to controls, the level of ferritin had  a very significant increase (P≤0.01) in all the study patients with beta-thalassemia, male and female.

Conclusions. Thyroid disorders are common in β-thalassemia patients who have been transfused multiple times.
Causes of revision after total hip arthroplasty in an orthopedics and traumatology regional center
Authors: Oltean-Dan Daniel , Apostu Dragos , Tomoaia Gheorghe , Kerekes Kinga , Paiusan Mihai-Gheorghe , Bardas Ciprian-Alin , Benea Horea-Rares-Ciprian
Published: April 2022

Background and aim. Despite the great success of primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), the number of revisions has significantly increased over the past years. The objectives of the study were to investigate the main causes that lead to revision of THA, the time interval between primary THA and revision, and the results of the revision surgery. We also assessed whether there was any correlation between the patients’ age, BMI, diagnosis for primary THA and the cause of failure.

Methods. This paper retrospectively analyzed 189 patients with THA revision surgery performed over a six-year period, between 2015 and 2020. Patients’ charts were reviewed to collect data on patient’s demographics, patient's primary THA and revision procedures, and the time interval between primary THA and revision surgery. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the time interval THA-revision: group I (<5 years), group II (5-10 years) and group III (>10 years).

Results. The patients’ mean age (82 men/107 women) was 69.59±7.85 years (range 31-92 years). The most frequent revision cause was aseptic loosening (52%), followed by periprosthetic fractures (18%), infection (17%) and persistent hip instability (12%). Patients' age (r=0.43) and BMI (r=-0.4) had low correlation with the time interval between THA and revision.

Conclusions. The main causes for revision THA within less than five years are infection and instability, while revision for aseptic loosening is performed especially after five years from the primary THA. Osteonecrosis, post-traumatic osteoarthritis and femoral neck fracture are correlated with a higher incidence of revision at less than five years from the primary THA
Impact of high-intensity interval training on cardio-metabolic health outcomes and mitochondrial function in older adults: a review
Authors: Mahatme Simran , K Vaishali , Kumar Nitesh , Rao Vanishree , Kovela Rakesh Krishna , Sinha Mukesh Kumar
Published: April 2022

Exercise being a potent stimulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, there is a need to investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) among older adults. This review explores and summarizes the impact of HIIT on mitochondria and various cardio-metabolic health outcomes among older adults, healthy and with comorbid conditions. Electronic databases were scrutinized for literature using permutations of keywords related to (i) Elderly population (ii) HIIT (iii) Mitochondria, cell organelles, and (iv) cardio-metabolic health outcomes. Twenty-one studies that met the inclusion criteria are included in this review. HIIT is an innovative therapeutic modality in preserving mitochondrial quality with age and serves to be a viable, safe, and beneficial exercise alternative in both ill and healthy older adults.
Stakeholder Perspectives on Hospitalization Decisions and Shared Decision-Making in Bronchiolitis
Authors: Aronson Paul L. , Schaeffer Paula , Ponce Kortney A. , Gainey Taylor K. , Politi Mary C. , Fraenkel Liana , Florin Todd A.
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVES

Our objective was to elicit clinicians’ and parents’ perspectives about decision-making related to hospitalization for children with bronchiolitis and the use of shared decision-making (SDM) to guide these decisions.

METHODS

We conducted individual, semistructured interviews with purposively sampled clinicians (pediatric emergency medicine physicians and nurses) at 2 children’s hospitals and parents of children age <2 years with bronchiolitis evaluated in the emergency department at 1 hospital. Interviews elicited clinicians’ and parents’ perspectives on decision-making and SDM for bronchiolitis. We conducted an inductive analysis following the principles of grounded theory until data saturation was reached for both groups.

RESULTS

We interviewed 24 clinicians (17 physicians, 7 nurses) and 20 parents. Clinicians identified factors in 3 domains that contribute to hospitalization decision-making for children with bronchiolitis: demographics, clinical factors, and social-emotional factors. Although many clinicians supported using SDM for hospitalization decisions, most reported using a clinician-guided decision-making process in practice. Clinicians also identified several barriers to SDM, including the unpredictable course of bronchiolitis, perceptions of parents’ preferences for engaging in SDM, and parents’ emotions, health literacy, preferred language, and comfort with discharge. Parents wanted the opportunity to express their opinions during decision-making about hospitalization, although they often felt comfortable with the clinician’s decision when adequately informed.

CONCLUSIONS

Although clinicians and parents of children with bronchiolitis are supportive of SDM, most hospitalization decision-making is clinician guided. Future investigation should evaluate how to address barriers and implement SDM in practice, including training clinicians in this SDM approach.
ВЗАЄМОДІЯ ОКСИДІВ ЛАНТАНУ, ЛЮТЕЦІЮ ТА ІТЕРБІЮ ЗА ТЕМПЕРАТУРИ 1500 °С
Authors: В. Чудінович Ольга , Биков Олександр І. , Самелюк Анатолій В.
Published: April 2022

Фазові рівноваги у потрійній системі La2O3–Lu2O3–Yb2O3 за 1500 °С досліджено за допомогою рентгенофазового аналізу (РФА) та скануючої електронної мікроскопії у всьому інтервалі концентрацій. Досліджувані зразки різного складу готували з розчинів нітратів шляхом випарювання, сушіння та прожарювання при 800 °C. Для вивчення фазових рівноваг за 1500 °C зразки піддавали термічній обробці у дві стадії: за 1100 °C і за 1500 °C (протягом 70 год на повітрі). Фазовий склад отриманих зразків досліджували рентгенофазовим (DRON-3) та локальним рентгеноспектральним (Superprobe-733, JEOL, Японія, Пало-Альто, Каліфорнія) методами. У системі утворюються тверді розчини на основі різних поліморфних модифікацій вихідних оксидів та упорядкованих фаз типу перовскіту LaLuO3 (LaYbO3). Нових фаз у системі не знайдено. Побудовано ізотермічний перезріз діаграми стану системи La2O3–Lu2O3–Yb2O3 за 1500 °С. Встановлено, що в потрійній системі La2O3–Lu2O3–Yb2O3 утворюються поля твердих розчинів на основі гексагональної (A) модифікації La2O3, кубічної (C) модифікації Y2O3 і Lu2O3, а також упорядкованих фаз типу перовскіту LaLuO3 і LaYbO3 (R). Розраховано параметри елементарних комірок для твердих розчинів. У системі La2O3–Lu2O3–Yb2O3 за 1500 °С утворюється нескінченний ряд твердих розчинів на основі фази типу перовскіту. Максимальна розчинність Lu2O3 у R-фазі ~6 мол. % у перерізі Lu2O3 –(50 мол. % La2О3 – 50 мол. % Yb2О3). Область гомогенності R-фази простягається від 46 до 56 мол. % La2O3 у перерізі La2O3–(50 мол. % Lu2O3–50 мол. % Yb2O3).
БАГАТОФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНІСТЬ КОМПОЗИТНОГО МАТЕРІАЛУ НА ОСНОВІ МІДНО-ЦИНКОВОГО ФЕРИТУ
Authors: Даценко Віта В. , Б. Хоботова Еліна , Беліченко Олена А. , Ванькевич Олександр В.
Published: April 2022

Мета. Вивчення властивостей композитного матеріалу (КФМ), що містить ферит, отриманого методом співосадження при додаванні FeSO4·7Н2О до сульфатного мідно-цинкового електроліту при нагріванні, послідовному введенні розчину NaOH до рН 10-10.5 і окисника К2S2O8. Методи. Мінеральний склад КФМ визначали методом рентгенофазового аналізу, а елементний склад – методом електронно-зондового мікроаналізу. ІЧ спектри отримані в таблетках KBr на Фур'є ІЧ-спектрофотометрі. Намагніченість зразків КФМ визначали методом Фарадея на балістичному магнітометри. Фотокаталітичні і сорбційні властивості КФМ вивчали спектрофотометрично при очищенні розчинів від органічних барвників метилвіолету МВ, метиленового синього МС і Конго червоного КЧ. Результати. Основною фазою КФМ є ферит Zn1.66Cu0.448Fe3.77О4, а додатковими фазами: Fe2O3 і CuO. Поверхневі функціональні групи Fe–О–Н, Zn–O–H і О–Н визначають негативний заряд поверхні феритної фази і вибір сорбату при адсорбційному очищенні вод. Наночастинки фериту суперпарамагнітні при питомій намагніченості насичення 19.5 emu/г. КФМ проявляє фотокаталітичну активність по відношенню до органічних барвників, яка зменшується в часі в результаті адсорбції барвників. КФМ діє як адсорбент, найбільш ефективно при відношенні «феррит: барвник МВ» 500 з сорбційною обмінною ємністю 1.9 мг/г. Висновки. КФМ проявляє властивості суперпарамагнетіка, адсорбенту і фотокаталізатора. Очищення вод від органічних барвників пов'язана з одночасним протіканням процесів фотокаталітичної деградації барвників і їх адсорбції на поверхні фериту.
A valoração dos tons de pele em "Caras e Cores"
Authors: Paula Luciane de , Vieira Tacicleide Dantas , Camargo Gabriella Cristina Vaz , Matias Janaína Moreno
Published: April 2022

Com fundamento nas contribuições teórico-metodológicas propostas pelos estudos bakhtinianos, este artigo toma o filme publicitário “Caras e Cores”, da Faber-Castell, como corpus de um trabalho analítico de enunciado audiovisual, explicitado em sua unidade arquitetônica como verbivocovisual. O objetivo se volta a compreender se e como a verbivocovisualidade contribui para a análise, em especial, de discursos sincréticos, em que essas três dimensões se explicitam e constituem a unidade integral do discurso. Para isso, são mobilizadas, em conjunto, as noções bakhtinianas de enunciado, signo ideológico, voz social e relações dialógicas. Os resultados apontam para a produtividade da verbivocovisualidade e a análise do filme publicitário revela que a marca ressignifica o signo ideológico “cor de pele” e traz à tona o discurso sobre diversidade e representatividade como estratégia mercadológica lucrativa.
Polifonia queer nos roleplays de LuCroft
Authors: Montargil Gilmar , Remenche Maria de Lourdes Rossi
Published: April 2022

Os roleplays (RP’s) são práticas performativas que possibilitam a criação de personagens em cidades fictícias do mundo dos jogos (gameplaces). Essas vidas-narrativas virtuais são povoadas por diversas vozes sociais, onde transmutam-se linguagens, discursos e visões de mundo na constituição psicossocial dessas representações amplificadas pela cibercultura. Nesse cenário, buscamos analisar o dialogismo constitutivo da identidade da personagem Maria Vaquejada com a hipótese de que a streamer LuCroft articula dois cronotopos na arquitetônica de seu RP: um relativo ao século XIX dos Estados Unidos ambientado em Red Dead Redemption 2 e, outro, interligado às vivencias dos corpos queers (gays, travestis, drags, não-binários, entre outros) que se interseccionam com a esfera gamer na contemporaneidade. A análise tem como abordagem epistemológica a perspectiva dialógica de linguagem produzida nos escritos do Círculo de Bakhtin, a partir da qual acionamos conceitos como dialogismo, polifonia, alteridade e cronotopo. No adensamento da discussão empreendida, mobilizamos também as ideias de Brait (2006, 2011, 2013), Butler (2003), Muriel e Crawford (2018), Shaw (2011) e Ruberg (2019, 2020). Os dados constituem-se, a partir de um recorte diacrônico, de 20 vídeos sequenciais coletados no canal do YouTube de LuCroft. Os resultados da análise apontam para variados discursos que marcam as diferentes posições de sujeito como “dona de bar”, “religiosa”, “mulher que combate o machismo”, além de uma reelaboração de cronotopo com aspectos sócio-históricos do nordeste brasileiro do século XIX e XX.
A língua da vida e a vida da língua na arquitetônica estética bakhtiniana
Authors: Boeno Neiva de Souza
Published: April 2022

BAKHTIN, Mikhail Mikhailovich. [1920-1924]. Lendo Razlúka de Púchkin: a voz do outro na poesia lírica. Organização, tradução, ensaio e notas de Marisol Barenco de Mello, Mario Ramos Francisco e Júnior Alan Silus. Prefácio de Augusto Ponzio. São Carlos: Pedro & João Editores, 2021. 93 p.