bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Targeted-sequence of normal urothelium and tumor of patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Hayashi Yujiro , Fujita Kazutoshi , Sakai Kazuko , Adomi Shogo , Banno Eri , Nojima Satoshi , Tomiyama Eisuke , Matsushita Makoto , Kato Taigo , Hatano Koji , Kawashima Atsunari , Minami Takafumi , Morii Eiichi , Uemura Hirotsugu , Nishio Kazuto , Nonomura Norio
Published: October 2022

During tumorigenesis, certain tissues are colonized by mutant clones with oncogenic driver mutations as precancer lesions. These mutations can facilitate clonal expansion and may contribute to malignant transformation. The molecular features of low-grade non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and high-grade bladder cancer are so distinct that they are thought to follow different evolutionary tumorigenesis pathways. Although NMIBC accounts for most bladder tumors, the somatic mutation patterns in “precancer” urothelium of patients with NMIBC remain unclear. Here, we analyzed specimens of normal urothelium and bladder tumors from patients with low-grade and high-grade NMIBC and investigated the genomic evolution of the cancer. Somatic mutations were analyzed using 50 oncogene-targeted sequences and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction for TERT promoter mutations. Somatic mutations in TERT promoter, FGFR3, and CDKN2A were characteristically identified in the normal urothelium of patients with NMIBC. These mutations, consistently identified in both tumor and normal specimens, likely affect clonal expansion during the malignant transformation of NMIBC. Though larger samples and comprehensive study are warranted to confirm our results, the difference in mutational landscape of the precancerous urothelium of patients with bladder cancer could offer deeper understandings of genomic evolution in bladder tumorigenesis.
Temporal link prediction via adjusted sigmoid function and 2-simplex structure
Authors: Zhang Ruizhi , Wang Qiaozi , Yang Qiming , Wei Wei
Published: October 2022

Temporal network link prediction is an important task in the field of network science, and has a wide range of applications in practical scenarios. Revealing the evolutionary mechanism of the network is essential for link prediction, and how to effectively utilize the historical information for temporal links and efficiently extract the high-order patterns of network structure remains a vital challenge. To address these issues, in this paper, we propose a novel temporal link prediction model with adjusted sigmoid function and 2-simplex structure (TLPSS). The adjusted sigmoid decay mode takes the active, decay and stable states of edges into account, which properly fits the life cycle of information. Moreover, the latent matrix sequence is introduced, which is composed of simplex high-order structure, to enhance the performance of link prediction method since it is highly feasible in sparse network. Combining the life cycle of information and simplex high-order structure, the overall performance of TLPSS is achieved by satisfying the consistency of temporal and structural information in dynamic networks. Experimental results on six real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of TLPSS, and our proposed model improves the performance of link prediction by an average of 15% compared to other baseline methods.
Inter-organellar and systemic responses to impaired mitochondrial matrix protein import in skeletal muscle
Authors: Neupane Nirajan , Rajendran Jayasimman , Kvist Jouni , Harjuhaahto Sandra , Hu Bowen , Kinnunen Veijo , Yang Yang , Nieminen Anni I. , Tyynismaa Henna
Published: October 2022

Effective protein import from cytosol is critical for mitochondrial functions and metabolic regulation. We describe here the mammalian muscle-specific and systemic consequences to disrupted mitochondrial matrix protein import by targeted deletion of the mitochondrial HSP70 co-chaperone GRPEL1. Muscle-specific loss of GRPEL1 caused rapid muscle atrophy, accompanied by shut down of oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, and excessive triggering of proteotoxic stress responses. Transcriptome analysis identified new responders to mitochondrial protein import toxicity, such as the neurological disease-linked intermembrane space protein CHCHD10. Besides communication with ER and nucleus, we identified crosstalk of distressed mitochondria with peroxisomes, in particular the induction of peroxisomal Acyl-CoA oxidase 2 (ACOX2), which we propose as an ATF4-regulated peroxisomal marker of integrated stress response. Metabolic profiling indicated fatty acid enrichment in muscle, a shift in TCA cycle intermediates in serum and muscle, and dysregulated bile acids. Our results demonstrate the fundamental importance of GRPEL1 and provide a robust model for detecting mammalian inter-organellar and systemic responses to impaired mitochondrial matrix protein import and folding.
Youth with severe mental illness and complex non-somatic motor abnormalities: conflicting conceptualizations and unequal treatment
Authors: Andersson Peter , Wachtel Lee E. , Lundberg Johan , Jamshidi Esmail , Bring Johan , Rask-Andersen Mathias , Jarbin Håkan , Jokinen Jussi , Desai Boström Adrian E.
Published: October 2022

Two emerging diagnostic concepts promote distinct treatments for youth with acute-onset motor abnormalities and severe concurrent psychiatric symptoms: Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) and pediatric catatonia. Both have institutional approval in parts of Europe and in the USA, meriting an unconditional comparison of supporting evidence. Here we report results of qualitative and quantitative analyses of literature and Swedish National Registry Data suggesting that (1) catatonic patients are liable to fulfilling diagnostic criteria for PANS, (2) three conservatively assessed PANS case-reports present with possible unrecognized catatonia, (3) lithium and electroconvulsive therapy usage frequencies in Swedish minors (exclusively recommended for severe mental illness) are strongly intercorrelated and unequally distributed across Swedish counties, (4) established severe mental disorders are rarely overtly considered amongst PANS-specific research and (5) best-available evidence treatments appear markedly superior for pediatric catatonia compared to PANS in both childhood and adolescence. Prioritizing treatments for pediatric catatonia in concerned subjects could markedly improve treatment outcomes.
Establishment of fumonisin B1 detection method for catalytic fluorescence detection of aptamer-regulated carbon dots
Authors: Zhao Xinyue , Liu Nuoya , Song Yuzhu , Zhang Jinyang , Han Qinqin
Published: October 2022

develop aptamer-regulated CDs for detection of FB1 by catalytic fluorescence. 2,2′-Dithiosalicylic acid was used to prepare carbon dots catalysing the fluorescence of TMB. Aptamer F10 can bind to FB1, restoring the catalytic capacity of CDs and increasing fluorescence.
Intramolecular C–N bond activation by a geometrically constrained PIII-centre
Authors: Bawari Deependra , Volodarsky Solomon , Ginzburg Yael , Jaiswal Kuldeep , Joshi Pooja , Dobrovetsky Roman
Published: October 2022

First examples of the insertion of a geometrically constrained PIII ambiphilic center into C–N bonds.
[(Flu)-(CH2)2-(NHC)-CH2-(NHC)-(CH2)2-(Flu)]2−: an ‘all-organic’ hybrid and flexible ligand that enwraps a Ca2+pseudo-tetrahedrally
Authors: Baguli Sudip , Das Shovan , Chakraborty Mahua , Goswami Santu , Datta Ayan , Mukherjee Debabrata
Published: October 2022

A conformationally flexible ligand, [(Flu)-(CH2)2-(NHC)-CH2-(NHC)-(CH2)2-(Flu)]2−(L), that offers four sequential organic donor modules and enwraps a Ca2+pseudo-tetrahedrally in a twisted ‘S’-shape is devised.
Development of a fluoride-anion sensor based on aggregation of a dye-modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane
Authors: Iizuka Daisuke , Gon Masayuki , Tanaka Kazuo , Chujo Yoshiki
Published: October 2022

We report a new concept for a turn-on fluoride sensor based on the aggregation and release of a dye-modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane.
Preparation of Li+:TiO2 nanowires, Li4Ti5O12 nanotubes, and a Li4Ti5O12 nanotube/graphene composite by single-spinneret electrospinning for application in a lithium-ion battery
Authors: Yu Hongquan , Huang Chenchen , Deng Yutian , Chen Baojiu , Wu Danyang , Xu Sai , Zhang Yong , Zhao Hong
Published: October 2022

A single-spinneret electrospinning method to fabricate Li4Ti5O12 nanotubes and a Li4Ti5O12 nanotube/graphene composite was reported.
An inclusion complex of cucurbit[7]uril with benzimidazolyl benzyl viologen exhibits fluorescence and photochromic properties
Authors: Wang Qin , Guo Jun-Zhuo , Luo Dan , Ye Ming-Fu , Lin Rui-Lian , Sun Wen-Qi , Liu Jing-Xin
Published: October 2022

A self-assembled supramolecular inclusion complex of Q[7] with benzimidazolyl benzyl viologen exhibits interesting fluorescence emission and reversible photochromism.
Multi-atom cluster catalysts for efficient electrocatalysis
Authors: Sun Libo , Reddu Vikas , Wang Xin
Published: October 2022

This review presents recent developments in the synthesis, modulation and characterization of multi-atom cluster catalysts for electrochemical energy applications.
Identification of chlorinated products from tyrosine and tyrosyl dipeptides during chlorination: a computational study
Authors: Ren Zizhang , Qiu Yue , Huan Mengxue , Liu Yong Dong , Zhong Rugang
Published: October 2022

Identification of chlorinated products from tyrosine and tyrosyl dipeptides was explored using the DFT method.
Electrochemically driven oxidative C–H/N–H cross-coupling reactions of cyclic sulfamidate imines with primary anilines and secondary amines
Authors: Wang Hai-Xia , Li Zhi-Hao , Li Wan-Wan , Qu Gui-Rong , Yang Qi-Liang , Guo Hai-Ming
Published: October 2022

An efficient and eco-friendly electrochemical synthesis of various cyclicN-sulfonylamidines from cyclic sulfamidate imines and aminesviaoxidative C–H/N–H cross-coupling under mild reaction conditions has been developed.
Tools for manipulation and positioning of microtissues
Authors: Vuille-dit-Bille Emilie , Deshmukh Dhananjay V. , Connolly Sinéad , Heub Sarah , Boder-Pasche Stéphanie , Dual Jürg , Tibbitt Mark W. , Weder Gilles
Published: October 2022

Complex 3D in vitro models are emerging as a key technology to support research areas in personalised medicine. Methods to manipulate and control the position of microtissues are needed to efficiently assemble many 3D in vitro models.
Hydroxide ion-conducting metal–organic frameworks for anion-exchange membrane applications
Authors: Titirici Maria-Magdalena , Szilágyi Petra Ágota
Published: October 2022

Metal–organic frameworks are promising materials for ion-exchange membrane applications. This review paper examines their current status and potential to meet the rigorous ion-conductivity requirements, while identifying promising approaches for improvement.
Diamine-functionalized porous graphene oxide sheets decorated with palladium oxide nanoparticles for the oxidative amidation of aldehydes
Authors: Sah Digvijay , Surabhi  , Gupta Padmini , Shabir Javaid , Dhama Manjeet , Mozumdar Subho
Published: October 2022

C–N coupling between aldehydes and amines by ultra-small PdO NPs adorned diamine functionalized porous GO sheets as retrievable nano-catalyst.
Chitosan-bodipy macromolecular fluorescent probes prepared by click reactions for highly sensitive and selective recognition of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine
Authors: Wang Die , Marin Luminita , Cheng Xinjian
Published: October 2022

Chitosan-based probes were prepared and they could identify 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNH). CC bonds formed in a click reaction act as recognizing sites for DNH.
Design and synthesis of a 3D graphene-enhanced electrode for fast charge/ion transport for lithium storage
Authors: Yuan Xing , Abidin Shahriman Zainal , Hassan Oskar Hasdinor , Zhao Xiaojun
Published: October 2022

Design and fabrication of an N-graphene-enhanced anode with a hierarchical morphology and a unique electronic structure that exhibits superior electrochemical performances in LIBs.
Molecular strategy towards ROMP-derived hyperbranched poly(olefin)s featuring various π-bridged perylene diimides
Authors: Barłóg Maciej , Podiyanachari Santhosh Kumar , Attar Salahuddin , Sredojević Dušan N. , Bazzi Hassan S. , Al-Hashimi Mohammed
Published: October 2022

Synthesis of ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP)-derived highly conjugated chromophore functional hyperbranched polymers opens up new possibilities for obtaining functional conjugated macromolecules with novel photophysical and morphological properties.
Nano zero-valent iron loaded corn-straw biochar for efficient removal of hexavalent chromium: remediation performance and interfacial chemical behaviour
Authors: Wei Yuzhen , Chu Run , Zhang Qinhu , Usman Muhammad , Haider Fasih Ullah , Cai Liqun
Published: October 2022

Loading nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) on corn-straw biochar improved the stability of nZVI and the removal of Cr(vi) in an aqueous system. There happened adsorption, reduction–oxidation and co-precipitation on the composite surface in removal process.
A novel immuno-device based on the specific binding of AuNP-supported CTAB with biotinylated antibody of hyaluronic acid toward an early-stage recognition of a biomarker: a bioanalytical assay in real samples using disposal biosensor technology
Authors: Mobed Ahmad , Kohansal Fereshteh , Dolati Sanam , Hasanzadeh Mohammad
Published: October 2022

Hyaluronic Acid (HA) is a non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan, which is a potential biomarker that could be evaluated in the diagnosis of some cancers.
Recent progress on MOF-based optical sensors for VOC sensing
Authors: Shen Yuwei , Tissot Antoine , Serre Christian
Published: October 2022

MOF-based optical sensors can achieve volatile organic compound sensing via different mechanisms: colorimetric sensing, luminescent sensing and optical-index modulation sensing.
Nitrogen stabilizes the wurtzite polymorph in ZnSe1−xTex thin films
Authors: Culman Theodore H. , Woods-Robinson Rachel , Mangum John S. , Smaha Rebecca W. , Rom Christopher L. , Zakutayev Andriy , Bauers Sage R.
Published: October 2022

Phase-pure wurtzite structure is observed in ZnSe1−xTex thin films doped by flowing molecular nitrogen during growth. A combination of factors help stabilize this phase and the result opens the door to new polymorph engineering in II–VI materials.
A full visible LED enabled by a broadband yellow emission nepheline phosphor derived from a europium doped SOD zeolite
Authors: Zhou Xinzhe , Ren Tiezhen , Yin Jian , Zhang Xiurong , Li Peng , Li Huanrong
Published: October 2022

Here, we prepared the Eu2+-doped SOD zeolite yellow phosphor. The phosphor has a high FWHM and may contain defects ranging from green to orange regions. As a result, white LEDs prepared with phosphors show excellent optical quality.
Space charge and active-layer capacitance of bulk heterojunction-based phototransistors
Authors: Shou Meihua , Zhang Qinglei , Zhang Yu , Hou Xuehua , Zheng Jiaxin , Zhou Jiadong , Xiong Shicheng , Zheng Nan , Xie Zengqi , Liu Linlin
Published: October 2022

This study demonstrated an experimental method for monitoring the space charge and apparent capacitance of phototransistors using the carrier lifetime and gain, simultaneously obtained high gain and fast response rates in the optimized OPTs.
Establishing the accuracy of asteroseismic mass and radius estimates of giant stars
Authors: Brogaard K. , Arentoft T. , Slumstrup D. , Grundahl F. , Lund M. N. , Arndt L. , Grund S. , Rudrasingam J. , Theil A. , Christensen K. , Sejersen M. , Vorgod F. , Salmonsen L. , Ørtoft Endelt L. , Dainese S. , Frandsen S. , Miglio A. , Tayar J. , Huber D.
Published: October 2022

Context. Eclipsing binary stars with an oscillating giant component allow accurate stellar parameters to be derived and asteroseismic methods to be tested and calibrated. To this aim, suitable systems need to be firstly identified and secondly measured precisely and accurately. KIC 4054905 is one such system, which has been identified, but with measurements of a relatively low precision and with some confusion regarding its parameters and evolutionary state.

Aims. Our aim is to provide a detailed and precise characterisation of the system and to test asteroseismic scaling relations.

Methods. Dynamical and asteroseismic parameters of KIC 4054905 were determined from Kepler time-series photometry and multi-epoch high-resolution spectra from FIES at the Nordic Optical Telescope.

Results. KIC 4054905 was found to belong to the thick disk and consist of two lower red giant branch (RGB) components with nearly identical masses of 0.95 M⊙ and an age of 9.9 ± 0.6 Gyr. The most evolved star with R ≃ 8.4 R⊙ displays solar-like oscillations. These oscillations suggest that the star belongs to the RGB, supported also by the radius, which is significantly smaller than the red clump phase for this mass and metallicity. Masses and radii from corrected asteroseismic scaling relations can be brought into full agreement with the dynamical values if the RGB phase is assumed, but a best scaling method could not be identified.

Conclusions. The dynamical masses and radii were measured with a precision better than 1.0%. We firmly establish the evolutionary nature of the system to be that of two early RGB stars with an age close to 10 Gyr, unlike previous findings. The metallicity and Galactic velocity suggest that the system belongs to the thick disk of the Milky Way. We investigate the agreement between dynamical and asteroseismic parameters for KIC 4054905 measured in various ways. This suggests that consistent solutions exist, but the need to analyse more of these systems continues in order to establish the accuracy of asteroseismic methods.
LHAASO J2226+6057 as a pulsar wind nebula
Authors: De Sarkar Agnibha , Zhang Wei , Martín Jonatan , Torres Diego F. , Li Jian , Hou Xian
Published: October 2022

Context. The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory has reported the detection of cosmic-ray sources in the Milky Way that can accelerate particles up to PeV (=1015 eV) energies. These sources, so-called “PeVatrons”, are mostly unidentified. Several classes of sources, such as supernova remnants, pulsar wind nebula, or young stellar clusters can potentially be the counterparts of these PeVatrons.

Aims. The aim of this work is to study a pulsar wind nebula interpretation of one of these PeVatrons, LHAASO J2226+6057, which has a relatively well covered multifrequency spectrum.

Methods. We have performed a leptonic, time-dependent modeling of the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) associated with PSR J2229+6114 considering a time-energy-dependent diffusion-loss equation. Injection, energy losses, as well as the escape of particles were considered to balance the time-dependent lepton population. We have also included the dynamics of the PWN and the associated supernova remnant and their interaction via the reverse shock to study the reverberation phase of the system.

Results. We have considered different values of the braking index (n) and true age (tage) for the fitting of the MultiWaveLength (MWL) spectral energy distribution (SED) of LHAASO J2226+6057. The best-fit PWN model parameters and their 1σ confidence intervals have been evaluated. We have also demonstrated the impact of reverberation on the MWL SED with increasing time. Additionally, we have discussed the resultant large radius and low magnetic field associated with the PWN in question, as caveats for the possible physical connection of the pulsar as the origin of this high energy source.
Isolated toughness variant and fractional κ-factor
Authors: He Zhengyue , Liang Li , Gao Wei
Published: October 2022

Isolated toughness is a crucial parameter considered in network security which characterizes the vulnerability of the network from the perspective of graph topology. I’(G) is the unique variant of isolated toughness which was introduced in 2001. This work investigates the correlation of I’(G) and the existence of fractional factor. It is proved that a graph G with δ(G) ≥ k admits fraction k-factor if I’(G) > 2k − 1, where k ≥ 2 is an integer. A counterexample is presented to show the sharpness of I’(G) bound.
Echokardiografische Graduierung der Mitralklappen- und der Trikuspidalklappeninsuffizienz
Authors: Schneider Matthias , Binder Thomas
Published: October 2022

Die Mitralklappeninsuffizienz und Trikuspidalklappeninsuffizienz sind häufige Vitien. Die Echokardiografie ist essenziell bei der initialen Diagnose und Graduierung, während therapeutischer
Interventionen sowie in den Verlaufskontrollen. Sowohl für die Mitralklappe als auch für die Trikuspidalklappe gilt das gleiche Grundprinzip: Zunächst muss der Mechanismus der Insuffizienz
erkannt werden, es geht um die Unterscheidung einer primären/strukturellen von einer sekundären/funktionellen Insuffizienz. Im Anschluss erfolgt eine holistische Analyse des Schweregrads der
Insuffizienz, die immer qualitative, quantitative sowie semiquantitative Aspekte umfasst.
Dialektisch-Behaviorale Therapie bei
Substanzgebrauchsstörungen: DBT-S
Authors: Förster Julia
Published: October 2022

Die Dialektisch Behaviorale Therapie (DBT) wurde für Menschen mit
schwerwiegenden Problemen der Emotionsregulation und der Impulskontrolle
entwickelt. Substanzkonsum ist eine häufige Folge dieser Probleme. Die
Betroffenen sollen im Rahmen der Behandlung neue Verhaltensfertigkeiten
erlernen, um dadurch in der Lage zu sein ihr Problemverhalten zu reduzieren und
lösungsorientierte Strategien einzusetzen, so dass für sie ein
sinnerfülltes Leben möglich ist. Im folgenden Beitrag wird die
Dialektisch-Behaviorale Therapie bei Borderline- und
Subtanzgebrauchsstörung (DBT-S) als strukturierte Behandlungsmethode
beschrieben.
Phyllobilins – Bioactive Natural Products Derived from Chlorophyll – Plant Origins, Structures, Absorption Spectra, and Biomedical Properties
Authors: Karg Cornelia A. , Taniguchi Masahiko , Lindsey Jonathan S. , Moser Simone
Published: October 2022

Phyllobilins are open-chain products of the biological degradation of chlorophyll a in higher plants. Recent studies reveal that phyllobilins exert anti-oxidative and
anti-inflammatory properties, as well as activities against cancer cells, that contribute to the human health benefits of numerous plants. In general, phyllobilins have been overlooked in
phytochemical analyses, and – more importantly – in the analyses of medicinal plant extracts. Nevertheless, over the past three decades, > 70 phyllobilins have been identified upon
examination of more than 30 plant species. Eight distinct chromophoric classes of phyllobilins are known: phyllolumibilins (PluBs), phylloleucobilins (PleBs), phylloxanthobilins (PxBs), and
phylloroseobilins (PrBs)–each in type-I or type-II groups. Here, we present a database of absorption and fluorescence spectra that has been compiled of 73 phyllobilins to facilitate
identification in phytochemical analyses. The spectra are provided in digital form and can be viewed and downloaded at www.photochemcad.com. The present review describes the plant origin,
molecular structure, and absorption and fluorescence features of the 73 phyllobilins, along with an overview of key medicinal properties. The review should provide an enabling tool for the
community for the straightforward identification of phyllobilins in plant extracts, and the foundation for deeper understanding of these ubiquitous but underexamined plant-derived
micronutrients for human health.
Clarification of the influences of superficial velocity U
g and particle diameter d
p on the gas–solid flow characterizations in a rolling circulating fluidized bed (RCFB) by electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) method
Authors: Wang Zhilong , Zhao Tong , Liu Xiayi , Zhou Chunguo , Zhang Yanchao , Murata Hiroyuki , Takei Masahiro
Published: October 2022

The influences of the superficial velocity and particle diameter on gas–solid flow characterizations in a rolling circulation fluidized bed (RCFB) are clarified by using the electrical capacitance tomography method. Gas–solid flow characterizations include the time-space averaged particle volume fraction ᾱz′, the time transition of the cross-sectional average particle volume fraction 〈α〉t, and the radial profile of the particle volume fraction 〈α〉r/R. Two kinds of particles are selected in the case that the particle diameter is 0.22 mm and the superficial velocity is set to 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 m/s and in the case that the particle diameter is 0.45 mm and the superficial velocity is set to 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 m/s. After analyzing the results, the main conclusions are able to be summarized as follows: First, when compared with the superficial velocity, ᾱz′ visualized from particle distribution images is much more influenced by the particle diameter. Second, the fluctuations of 〈α〉t and 〈α〉r/R tend to be more serious under the conditions of larger particle and lower riser’s height, which are able to be quantitatively explained by the fast Fourier transform of 〈α〉t and the spatial standard deviation 〈σs〉 of 〈α〉r/R. Consequently, a strategy to guarantee both particle distribution stability and particle distribution uniformity within the RCFB is proposed.
Effects of laser-annealing on fixed-frequency superconducting qubits
Authors: Kim Hyunseong , Jünger Christian , Morvan Alexis , Barnard Edward S. , Livingston William P. , Altoé M. Virginia P. , Kim Yosep , Song Chengyu , Chen Larry , Kreikebaum John Mark , Ogletree D. Frank , Santiago David I. , Siddiqi Irfan
Published: October 2022

As superconducting quantum processors increase in complexity, techniques to overcome constraints on frequency crowding are needed. The recently developed method of laser-annealing provides an effective post-fabrication method to adjust the frequency of superconducting qubits. Here, we present an automated laser-annealing apparatus based on conventional microscopy components and demonstrate preservation of highly coherent transmons. In addition, we perform noise spectroscopy to investigate the change in defect features, in particular, two-level system defects, after laser-annealing. Finally, we present a local heating model as well as demonstrate aging stability for laser-annealing on the wafer scale. Our work constitutes an important step toward both understanding the underlying physical mechanism and scaling up laser-annealing of superconducting qubits.
Molecular dynamics simulations to understand the mechanical behavior of functional gradient nano-gyroid structures
Authors: Dai Rui , Li Dawei , Liao Wenhe , Sun Haofan , Tang Yunlong , Nian Qiong
Published: October 2022

Gyroid structure, a nature inspired cellular architecture, is under extensive exploration recently due to its structure continuity, uniform stress distribution under compression, and stable collapse mechanism during deformation. However, when combining with a functional gradient, the Gyroid structure can perform much different mechanical behavior from its homogeneous counterpart. Herein, bottom-up computational modeling is performed to investigate the mechanics of functional gradient nano-gyroid structure made of copper (Cu). Our work reveals that its mechanical properties degrade with a density that is much slower than those of homogeneous gyroid structure. The scaling of yield strength (σy) to the relative density (ρ′) for the functional gradient gyroid structure is in the factor of 1.5. Moreover, the layer-by-layer collapsing mechanism yields significantly better mechanical energy absorption ability. This study not only leads to insightful understanding of the deformation mechanisms in nonuniform gyroid structures but also promotes the development of the functional gradient cellular materials.
Cryogenic probe for low-noise, high-frequency electronic measurements
Authors: Garcia E. , Bales C. , Patterson W. , Zaslavsky A. , Mitrović V. F.
Published: October 2022

The design and performance of a low-noise, modular cryogenic probe, which is applicable to a wide range of measurements over a broad range of working frequencies, temperatures, and magnetic fields, is presented. The design of the probe facilitates the exchange of sample holders and sample-stage amplifiers, which, combined with its characteristic low transmission and reflection loss, make this design suitable for high precision or low sensitivity measurements. The specific example of measuring the shot noise of magnetic tunnel junctions is discussed. We highlight various design characteristics chosen specifically to expand the applicability of the probe to measurement techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance.
The effects of Tb doping on the negative and positive magnetocaloric effects of Mn3Ga1−xTbxC (0.02 ≤ x ≤ 0.05)
Authors: Wang Yi , Yan Jun , Chen Yunlin , Cui Qiuhong
Published: October 2022

Generally, researchers focus on the great negative magnetocaloric effect (NMCE) rather than the positive magnetocaloric effect (PMCE) in Mn3GaC. Here, we prepared Mn3Ga1−xTbxC composites with a partial substitution of Ga by Tb. Tb doping expands the canted-ferromagnetic phase (CFM) between the anti-ferromagnetic and ferromagnetic phase in Mn3Ga0.97Tb0.03C. The CFM phase can be as a boundary to separate the NMCE from PMCE. It is possible to combine the NMCE and PMCE for refrigeration. Compared with NMCE in Mn3GaC, NMCE–PMCE combination in Mn3Ga0.97Tb0.03C displays a much larger operating temperature range without loss of magnetic entropy changes. Therefore, the NMCE–PMCE combination is valuable for improving the operating temperature range of magnetocaloric effect materials. It also provides a new idea for refrigeration applications.
Dynamic characteristics of ellipsoidal Janus drop impact on a solid surface
Authors: Yun Sungchan , Kim Jaeung , Kim Guk Hee
Published: October 2022

Impinging Janus drops can be stably produced by adding a high-viscosity drop to a low-viscosity drop. Here, we investigate the dynamic features of bouncing Janus drops on a solid substrate for an exploration of the effects of the viscosity ratio, initial drop shape, and impact velocity on altering the hydrodynamics. Numerical results show that the low-viscosity component evolves into liquid alignment along the principal direction with the help of a preferential flow, thereby resulting in the partial detachment from the mother Janus drops. We establish a regime map of the separation ratio of the drop and discuss how the parameters affect the asymmetry in the bounce and separation behavior. The low-viscosity components can be more likely to be detached from Janus drops as the viscosity ratio, drop's ellipticity, and/or impact velocity increase. This phenomenon is explained by the residence time and breakup of symmetry in the horizontal momentum between the low- and high-viscosity components. The peculiar dynamic characteristics of the Janus drop can provide potential for various applications, such as liquid purification and separation.
Direct numerical simulation of transitional flow past an airfoil with partially covered wavy roughness elements
Authors: Gao Wei , Samtaney Ravi , Parsani Matteo
Published: October 2022

We perform direct numerical simulation of flow past the NACA (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics) 0012 airfoil with partially covered wavy roughness elements near the leading edge. The Reynolds number Rec based on the freestream velocity (U0) and airfoil chord length (C), and the angle of attack (AoA) is fixed, i.e., Rec=5×104, AoA=10°. The leading edge roughness elements are characterized by streamwise sinusoidal-wave geometry that is uniform in the spanwise direction with fixed height, whereas varying wave numbers (k) from 0 to 12. Based on the validation of the smooth baseline case (k = 0), the roughness effects on the aerodynamic performance are evaluated in terms of the lift and drag coefficients. The drag coefficient decreases monotonically with k, while the variation of the lift coefficient with k is similar to the “drag crisis” phenomenon observed in cylinder flows. The sharp variations of lift and drag coefficients from k = 6 to 8 indicate that k = 8 is a critical case, beyond which massive separation occurs and almost covers the airfoil's suction side and dominates the airfoil aerodynamic performance. To further reveal the underlying mechanism, the flow structures, pressure, skin friction coefficients, shear layer transition onset, and boundary layer separation are quantified to investigate the roughness effects. The roughness elements strongly modify the separation behavior, whereas they have little effect on the transition onset. The unsteady interactions and convections of separation bubbles downward the trailing edge also change the wake evolution. Based on the scaling of the asymmetric wake profiles, we find that the wake defect is gently decreasing with k, but the increase in the wake width is much stronger. This scaling analysis gains a better insight into the roughness effects on the momentum deficit flow rate, which confirms the drag mechanism with different roughness wave numbers.
A solution to the long-standing problem of actin expression and purification
Authors: Ceron Rachel H. , Carman Peter J. , Rebowski Grzegorz , Boczkowska Malgorzata , Heuckeroth Robert O. , Dominguez Roberto
Published: October 2022

Actin is the most abundant protein in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and interacts with hundreds of proteins to perform essential functions, including cell motility and cytokinesis. Numerous diseases are caused by mutations in actin, but studying the biochemistry of actin mutants is difficult without a reliable method to obtain recombinant actin. Moreover, biochemical studies have typically used tissue-purified α-actin, whereas humans express six isoforms that are nearly identical but perform specialized functions and are difficult to obtain in isolation from natural sources. Here, we describe a solution to the problem of actin expression and purification. We obtain high yields of actin isoforms in human Expi293F cells. Experiments along the multistep purification protocol demonstrate the removal of endogenous actin and the functional integrity of recombinant actin isoforms. Proteomics analysis of endogenous vs. recombinant actin isoforms confirms the presence of native posttranslational modifications, including N-terminal acetylation achieved after affinity-tag removal using the actin-specific enzyme Naa80. The method described facilitates studies of actin under fully native conditions to determine differences among isoforms and the effects of disease-causing mutations that occur in all six isoforms.
The syntax of progressive and ingressiveaanhet-constructions in Dutch
Authors: Bogaards Maarten , Boogaart Ronny , Barbiers Sjef
Published: October 2022

This paper presents a novel syntactic analysis of the much-debated Dutchaanhet-construction, e.g.Pieter is aan het opruimen‘lit. Peter is on the cleanup: Peter is cleaning up’. We show that the construction’s syntactic behavior varies with the matrix verb: progressivezijn‘be’ versus ingressivegaan‘go’ andslaan‘hit’. Based on this variation, we argue that there are twoaanhet-projections occupying different synchronic positions on a functional-to-lexical cline.
Variation in the processing of grammatical norm violations
Authors: Cos Floris , Hubers Ferdy
Published: October 2022

So far, processing studies on grammatical norm violations (GNVs) in Dutch (i.e. als ‘as’ in
comparatives) have mainly focused on general differences between GNVs and their grammatical and ungrammatical counterparts. The
present study is the first to also systematically investigate between-participant and between-construction variation in the
processing of GNVs, using a self-paced reading task. Age and educational level were investigated as potential sources of
between-participant variation, and between-construction variation was assessed by including three GNVs that vary in the amount of
prescriptive attention they receive in society. Results indeed showed that the processing of GNVs was influenced by the age and
educational level of participants. Moreover, different results were obtained for different norm violations. Based on these
results, we conclude that it is very important to take into account differences between participants and constructions when
studying the processing of GNVs.
Pronouns of address in recruitment advertisements from multinational companies
Authors: den Hartog Maria , van Hoften Marjolein , Schoenmakers Gert-Jan
Published: October 2022

In Netherlandish Dutch, Belgian Dutch, German, French, and Spanish, speakers have a choice between formal (V) and informal (T) pronouns of address. We present a quantitative study of how V and T are used on recruitment pages of multinational companies. Our corpus-based method is inspired by studies on pronouns of address in Netherlandish and Belgian Dutch by Vismans (2007) and Waterlot (2014). Unlike these earlier studies, we provide a comparison of the same companies recruiting in different countries, thereby strengthening the comparison of V- and T-forms between languages. We find a preference for T in recruitment ads in Belgian Dutch, Netherlandish Dutch, and Spanish, while we find a preference for V in French. There seems to be no clear preference for either V or T in German, which may reflect that address preferences in German are changing or ambiguous.
Moras are about length not about weight
Authors: Jacobs Haike
Published: October 2022

Expressing syllable weight by moras leads to two problems. First, there are languages, such as Wolof, with long
vowels and geminates, which both make a syllable bimoraic, but where only long vowels, but not geminates, count as heavy for
stress. Second, there are languages in which closed syllables are light for stress, but heavy for segmental modifications
(laryngeal metathesis in Cayuga and degemination in Chugach Alutiiq). It is argued that a two-layered mora model is not required
and that a straightforward Harmonic Serialism is able to directly express that laryngeal metathesis and degemination make an
unstressed syllable light.
Toward a supralexical analysis of the repetitive/restitutive ambiguity
Authors: Talsma Marjolein Wietske
Published: October 2022

Syntactic decomposition theories of argument structure take predicates to be syntactically complex, consisting of a root and one or more functional heads. Traditionally, these functional heads have been used as potential attachment sites for adverbs, such as the repetitive adverbagain,giving rise to the repetitive/restitutive ambiguity. In this paper, I question the assumption that these functional heads provide sublexical attachment sites based on theoretical and empirical objections. Taking both the scope of the adverb and effects of focus into account, I present a supralexical approach to the ambiguity. Discussing novel data of two Dutch repetitive adverbs as well as a repetitive verbal prefix, I argue thatagainhas a default restitutive reading that becomes repetitive if the adverb scopes over the object or if focus is placed on the adverb. This research has implications for syntactic decomposition approaches to argument structure.
Integrating deictic co-speech gestures in demonstrative forms
Authors: Terenghi Silvia
Published: October 2022

Deictic co-speech gestures (DCSGs) are commonly regarded as intimately related to exophoric demonstrative forms; yet, no account is available that formalises this relation. This paper proposes that DCSGs spell-out part of the internal structure of exophoric demonstratives: concretely, they contribute the spatial coordinates (direction and distance, syntactically encoded by the Demonstrative ‘Dem’ head and by a Measure Phrase ‘MeasP’ that modifies it, respectively) that identify the location of the demonstrative’s referent and the deictic centre. This naturally captures the intuition that exophoric demonstratives and DCSGs are related, under a multi-modal spell-out approach to demonstrative forms. Further, this proposal is compatible with independent facts regarding both the grammaticalisation of demonstrative forms and their acquisition.
There is more to the morphology of -š/ -iš
Authors: Vyshnevska Anastasiia
Published: October 2022

There are two comparative suffixes in Ukrainian: the productive -iš, and the non-productive
-š. Following Caha et al. (2019) I show that just like in Czech,
the distribution of these two suffixes in Ukrainian is regulated not by phonology, but by morphosyntax. The theory of Nanosyntax
(Starke 2009) is used in order to account for the data. The comparative meaning is
represented in syntax not by one but by two functional heads. To be more precise, I propose that in Ukrainian -iš
is decomposed into two morphemes -i and -š, where -i spells out the lower head
and -š spells out the higher one. The issue of suppletive adjectives is discussed as well. I argue that
suppletion can be accounted for using the nanosyntactic concept of pointers. As a result, this approach helps to explain the
mechanism behind allomorphy of the comparative suffix in regular and suppletive adjectives in Ukrainian.
CRISPR/Cas9 as a promising genome-editing technology for generating low-immunogenic wheat variety: recent legislation and global implementation of genetically engineered crops
Authors: Verma Anil K. , Mandal Sayanti , Serin Yeliz , Ali Merna H. , Tiwari Aadhya , Lionetti Elena , Catassi Carlo
Published: October 2022

Modern wheat is a worldwide staple food. Gluten is an immune-dominant component of wheat. Consumption of wheat, in enetically predisposed individuals, triggers immunological reactions causing gluten-related disorders (GRDs) including celiac disease (CD). A gluten-free diet currently is the sole effective treatment option for GRDs and CD. A low-immunogenic wheat variety can be beneficial for such individuals. In recent years, various biotechnology-based approaches have been applied to develop a hypoimmunogenic wheat variety. Such safe wheat options have been developed using genetically modified organisms (GMO) technologies. However, due to specific limitations, such varieties have not been accepted for domestic consumption. Recent studies suggest that genome editing (GE) techniques such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas9) modified non-transgenic wheat variety could be a safer option for GRDs and CD. This review article discusses how CRISPR/Cas 9 gene-editing system is being applied for the development of a celiac-safe wheat variety. We found that CRISPR/cas9 edited-wheat could be safe for general use. However, CRISPR/Cas9 edited wheat varieties are under development and so far, not approved for cultivation in multiple countries. Considering the regulations for GMO and GE crops, the possibilities of their implementation must be explored in the coming time. Further, CRISPR/Cas9 edited wheat variety may reduce the burden of gluten-cross contamination and could be helpful in the management of CD and GRDs. However, further efforts are needed to bring such wheat varieties into domestic consumption and additional studies are needed to verify the effect of low-immunogenic wheat on the gluten-cross contamination issue.
Coordinated metabolic transitions and gene expression by NAD+ during adipogenesis
Authors: Sánchez-Ramírez Edgar , Ung Thi Phuong Lien , Alarcón del Carmen Alejandro , del Toro-Ríos Ximena , Fajardo-Orduña Guadalupe R. , Noriega Lilia G. , Cortés-Morales Victor A. , Tovar Armando R. , Montesinos Juan José , Orozco-Solís Ricardo , Stringari Chiara , Aguilar-Arnal Lorena
Published: October 2022

Adipocytes are the main cell type in adipose tissue, which is a critical regulator of metabolism, highly specialized in storing energy as fat. Adipocytes differentiate from multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) through adipogenesis, a tightly controlled differentiation process involving close interplay between metabolic transitions and sequential programs of gene expression. However, the specific gears driving this interplay remain largely obscure. Additionally, the metabolite nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is becoming increasingly recognized as a regulator of lipid metabolism, and a promising therapeutic target for dyslipidemia and obesity. Here, we explored how NAD+ bioavailability controls adipogenic differentiation from hMSC. We found a previously unappreciated repressive role for NAD+ on adipocyte commitment, while a functional NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 appeared crucial for terminal differentiation of pre-adipocytes. Repressing NAD+ biosynthesis during adipogenesis promoted the adipogenic transcriptional program, while two-photon microscopy and extracellular flux analyses suggest that SIRT1 activity mostly relies on the metabolic switch. Interestingly, SIRT1 controls subcellular compartmentalization of redox metabolism during adipogenesis.
Low-cycle fatigue behavior of Cu–Al–Mn superelastic alloys at different temperatures
Authors: Hong Huanpeng , Gencturk Bora , Aryan Hadi , Jain Amit , Araki Yoshikazu , Saiidi M Saiid , Kise Sumio
Published: October 2022

Superelastic alloy (SEA) bars are widely used in structures subjected to moderate and strong earthquakes. Compared with conventional nickel-titanium (NiTi) SEAs, Cu–Al–Mn (CAM) SEAs has received increasing attention recently due to their cost-effectiveness and easier machinability. The authors’ previous research showed that despite their lower strength and limitations in the maximum length, the CAM SEAs have comparable superelastic strain recovery, a wider temperature range, and superior strain rate stability compared to NiTi SEAs. However, the previous research was limited to a few specimens and only conducted to a few hundred cycles without considering the full deterioration in the material properties. Besides, the existing research on CAM SEA was only limited to small sample sizes at room temperature, while the fatigue performance of large diameter CAM SEAs under low and high temperatures relevant for civil engineering structures has not been reported. To fill this knowledge gap, low-cycle fatigue performance of 20 mm diameter CAM SEAs was studied at room temperature 25 °C, low temperature, −40 °C, and high temperature, 50 °C. Both single crystal and polycrystal CAM SEAs were investigated to determine their feasibility as concrete reinforcement under repeated high strain loading cycles expected during an earthquake. Strain cycles up to 50 000 have been applied at a tensile strain amplitude of 5%. Variations in the superelastic properties were observed and analyzed, including the stress–strain curves, elastic modulus, transformation stresses, damping ratio and recovery strain. Stable hysteresis has been observed for cycles exceeding tens of thousands at all temperatures demonstrating the suitability of CAM SEAs for seismic applications in civil engineering structures.
The surprising persistence of time-dependent quantum entanglement
Authors: Kinsler Paul , McCall Martin W , Oulton Rupert F , Clark Alex S
Published: October 2022

The mismatch between elegant theoretical models and the detailed experimental reality is particularly pronounced in quantum nonlinear interferometry (QNI). In stark contrast to theory, experiments contain pump beams that start in impure states and that are depleted, quantum noise that affects—and drives—any otherwise gradual build up of the signal and idler fields, and nonlinear materials that are far from ideal and have a complicated time-dependent dispersive response. Notably, we would normally expect group velocity mismatches to destroy any possibility of measurable or visible entanglement, even though it remains intact—the mismatches change the relative timings of induced signal–idler entanglements, thus generating ‘which path’ information. Using an approach based on the positive-P representation, which is ideally suited to such problems, we are able to keep detailed track of the time-domain entanglement crucial for QNI. This allows us to show that entanglement can be—and is—recoverable despite the obscuring effects of real-world complications; and that recovery is attributable to an implicit time-averaging present in the detection process.