bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Appraisal of Select Nations in Mitigation of COVID-19 Pandemic using Entropy based TOPSIS Method
Authors: Neogi Debasis
Published: April 2021

Abstract The present study was an effort to assess the mitigation interventions carried out, so far, by the nations to fight the pandemic COVID-19. The novelty of the study was that it had considered the issue of pandemic mitigation strategy as a decision making problem. The performances of the twenty nations were to be ranked. The problem considered in the study was essentially a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) problem. The available alternatives were the 20 countries and the 8 traits were the criteria. The Technique of Order Preference Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was used in the present study. The study used Entropy method for assignment of weights to all the criteria. The performance score obtained in respect of the countries considered in the study and the corresponding ranks indicated the relative performances of the countries in their efforts to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that New Zealand is the best performing country and India is the worst one. Brazil ranked 17th, while the rank of UK was 15. The performance of the USA stood at 18th position.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic in the quality of sleep by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A systematic review
Authors: Souza Luiz Felipe Ferreira de , Paineiras-Domingos Laisa Liane , Melo-Oliveira Maria Eduarda de Souza , Pessanha-Freitas Juliana , Moreira-Marconi Eloá , Lacerda Ana Cristina Rodrigues , Mendonça Vanessa Amaral , Sá-Caputo Danubia da Cunha , Bernardo-Filho Mario
Published: April 2021

Abstract This article aims to evaluate the sleep quality in individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and PEDro databases, on May 22, 2020. In the publications, 208 articles were found and, considering the eligibility criteria, 10 articles were included at the end, showing the effects on sleep quality during the pandemic, in populations hospitalized, quarantined, and in frontline health professionals. The PSQI measured sleep disorders and a higher score indicated poor sleep quality. Nine articles were classified with evidence level IV and one as level III-2. Eight studies present a “serious” risk of bias and two in “moderate”. The studies investigated different populations and described the results as “poor” sleep quality, considering the PSQI on quarantined individuals and frontline health professionals as the most committed. A poor sleep quality was found in the populations evaluated in the selected publications, probably, due to the COVID-19 to contribute as a risk factor for mental health. Psychological interventions must be made to minimize the consequences through social support and social capital.
THE ROLE OF INHERITANCE AND TAXATION ON WEALTH AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION IN BRAZIL AND THE STATE OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Freitas Antonio Albano de
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT This article analyzes the role of inheritance and donation on the distribution of wealth and income in Brazil and the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Although several scholars coming from branches of Social Sciences have already scrutinized the influence that slavery and colonial exploitation had - and still have - in the Brazil’s development, no work in the economic literature has thus far attempted to estimate Brazil’s current inheritance stock in monetary terms. With this in mind, this paper has three specific goals: i) to estimate, in accordance with an original framework, the inheritance stock of Brazil (and Rio Grande do Sul) and their flow with respect to national income and household disposable income; ii) to measure potential revenue through the application of a more progressive taxation of inheritance and donations based on inheritance stock estimates and iii) to simulate the distributional effect of reallocating these new fiscal resources. It is important to note, however, that the simulations presented in this paper are static exercises, and do not intend to capture general equilibrium or behavioral effects.
QUALITATIVE INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS OF THE BRAZILIAN STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION, 2005 - 2014
Authors: Morrone Henrique
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the changes to the essential economic structure of the Brazilian economy from 2005 to 2014. It uses the method of qualitative input-output analysis and its extensions, applied by Aroche-Reyes (1996) and Gosh and Roy (1998), to verify the pattern of structural change, the number of dynamic sectors, and to examine whether there has been change in the role of sectors in this period. The results indicate a change in the structure of the economy, leading to a decrease in intersector and intrasector economic linkages. In this context, the construction sector remains central, presenting a substantial number of important coefficients. However, the total number of important coefficients diminished in the whole period, indicating a deteriorated economic structure. This fact points to a restriction in the nation’s sustainable economic growth.
Physical restraint in elderly in home care: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Capeletto Cristiane da Silva Gabriel , Santana Rosimere Ferreira , Souza Lívia Maria da Silva , Cassiano Keila Mara , Carvalho Ana Carolina Siqueira de , Barros Patrícia de Fátima Augusto
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the prevalence of mechanical restraint and factors associated with its practice in elderly in Home Care. Methods This was a cross-sectional study with 162 elderly randomly assigned to a home care program in Rio de Janeiro, from March 2018 to July 2018. Used as a technique for data collection and direct observation and structured interview of elderly clinical data. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Results There was a 13% prevalence of mechanical restraint in elderly in home care. The most frequent restraints were the use of bandage, tissues and sheets in the arms/legs and chests of the elderly, and the justification for their use were control of aggressive behavior (28.6%), prevention of falls (19%) and protection (19%). Of the total elderly participants, 42.9% remained contained for more than 24 hours, and in 85.7% of the cases, the individuals were confined to a room. Conclusion It is necessary to expand the training of formal and informal caregivers, recommending the rehabilitation of care practices that preserve the elderly's autonomy, giving them dignity, respecting gerontological and home care principles.
Construction and validation of instrument to assess the quality of infection control programs
Authors: Alvim André Luiz Silva , Gazzinelli Andrea , Couto Bráulio Roberto Gonçalves Marinho
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To build and validate an instrument to assess hospital infection control programs. Method: Methodological study that was developed in seven stages. The instrument items were categorized into the structure, process and result components. 10 expert judges participated, who evaluated the psychometric properties and validated the content using the Likert scale. The pre-test was carried out with 98 health professionals, from April to July 2018. For reliability analysis, Cronbach's alpha test was used. Results: Regarding the content validity index, the score made by expert judges ranged from 0.777 to 1.00, with mean of 0.902 (± 0.076). The Cronbach's alpha test showed good internal consistency of the items (0.82). Conclusion: An instrument to assess hospital infection control programs was developed and validated, which showed good reliability and can be efficiently used at national level.
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a pediatric patient
Authors: Caixeta Kamile Eller Gusmão , Matos Wallan de Deus Caixeta , Ceranto Augusto Ventura , Silva João Henrique do Amaral e , Barbosa Kellen Cristina Kamimura
Published: April 2021

Abstract Introduction: Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis consists of a chronic infectious and inflammatory process of the renal parenchyma, a variant of chronic obstructive pyelonephritis. It is more prevalent in middle-aged adults, rare in pediatric patients, with less than 300 cases reported in children worldwide. Report: Preschooler, aged 2 years and 11 months, male, with 2 months of abdominal distention, increased temperature and intense pallor, associated with microcytic anemia refractory to the use of ferrous sulfate. 1 week before, he had a bulging in his left flank and a hard palpable mass there. Imaging exams (ultrasound and tomography) revealed an overall enlargement of the left kidney, destruction of the renal parenchyma and intense calyceal dilation, forming the "bear's paw" sign, with a staghorn calculus in the pelvis. He underwent treatment with antibiotic therapy and total nephrectomy, with a specimen sent for pathological examination. Discussion: a disease of uncertain incidence in the pediatric age group, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is more prevalent in male children and affects mainly the left kidney, being frequently associated with the presence of stones. Clinically, it has nonspecific symptoms, the most common being abdominal distension and asthenia. Laboratory exams shows microcytic, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis and increased inflammation, pyuria, hematuria and proteinuria, in addition to bacterial growth in urine culture. The diagnosis is anatomopathological, but it can be hinted by contrasted CT scan, with the classical sign of the "bear's paw". Treatment may include nephrectomy and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy.
Pão-de-índio e massas vegetais: elos entre passado e presente na Amazônia indígena
Authors: Santos Gilton Mendes dos , Cangussu Daniel , Furquim Laura Pereira , Watling Jennifer , Neves Eduardo Góes
Published: April 2021

Resumo A elaboração de tecnologia de armazenamento de alimentos pelos povos indígenas da Amazônia é um tema descrito desde os relatos dos primeiros cronistas europeus na região. Frequentemente são encontrados, de maneira fortuita ou em sítios arqueológicos, artefatos culturais denominados ‘pães-de-índio’, presentes em diversos ambientes e bacias hidrográficas e relatados pelos moradores locais como um composto de plantas processadas e enterradas, comestíveis mesmo depois de anos enterrados. A partir da década de 1980, porém, uma série de trabalhos botânicos e micológicos vem classificando estes supostos pães como um fungo do gênero Pachyma Fr., Polyporus indigenus. Este artigo apresenta evidências arqueológicas, microbotânicas e etnográficas que mostram que pães-de-índio foram compostos preparados pelo processamento de espécies frutíferas e tuberosas, amplamente descritas pelos povos indígenas. Apresentamos os resultados da primeira tentativa de extrair grãos de amido de dois desses artefatos, os quais testaram positivamente para grãos de amido de milho, pimenta, batata-mairá e outras espécies de vegetais. Este texto dedica-se a demonstrar, ainda, que pães-de-índio são o testemunho do manejo e do uso da diversidade de plantas da floresta e do emprego de um conjunto de instrumentos e técnicas de produção com fins ao armazenamento de alimento.
Alterações auditivas e vestibulares associadas ao uso da mefloquina: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Cabral Anna Maria de Lira , Rocha Mônyka Ferreira Borges , Duarte Danielle Samara Bandeira , Mota Marina Mayra de Lima , Silva Jéssica Dayane da , Britto Diana Babini Lapa de Albuquerque
Published: April 2021

RESUMO Objetivo descrever, por meio de revisão da literatura, alterações auditivas e/ou vestibulares relacionadas ao uso em curto ou em longo prazo da mefloquina. Estratégia de pesquisa trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, Web of Science, SciELO, LILACS, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Embase, OpenGrey, DissOnline e OAlster. Critérios de seleção foram incluídos estudos com participantes a partir de 18 anos de idade, que fizeram uso de mefloquina e que foram submetidos à avaliação auditiva e/ou questionário referente à função auditiva e vestibular. Foram excluídas revisões de literatura, capítulos de livros e estudos que utilizaram a mefloquina combinada a outros medicamentos. Resultados foram identificados 1.267 estudos nas bases de dados utilizadas, sendo selecionados 28 artigos para leitura completa. Destes, 12 foram incluídos na revisão, de acordo com os critérios de elegibilidade. Quatro artigos apontaram a presença de alterações vestibulares e auditivas, 2 indicaram apenas alterações auditivas e 6 apenas desordens vestibulares. No que se refere às manifestações auditivas, zumbido e perda auditiva foram os sintomas mais frequentes. Vertigem/tontura e desequilíbrio corresponderam às alterações vestibulares comumente apresentadas. Conclusão manifestações auditivas e vestibulares foram referidas em curto e longo prazo, após o tratamento com a droga. A descontinuação de seu uso possibilitou a reversão das manifestações, porém, em alguns casos, foi observada a permanência das afecções. Considera-se importante a realização de acompanhamento audiológico e vestibular durante a ingestão da mefloquina, visto o seu perfil de toxicidade e possíveis manifestações colaterais de caráter auditivo e vestibular.
Cenários brasileiros da Saúde Mental em tempos de Covid-19: uma reflexão
Authors: Gaudenzi Paula
Published: April 2021

O artigo visa apontar e refletir sobre alguns efeitos da pandemia da Covid-19 na saúde mental dos brasileiros. Se por um lado a materialidade do corpo posta em risco por um organismo invisível afeta psiquicamente todos os sujeitos do mundo, por outro, as experiências subjetivas diante do vírus no Brasil são marcadas pela distribuição desigual das vulnerabilidades e pela condição singular de elaborar os vividos. O artigo tratará da temática da Saúde Mental no Brasil considerando os atravessamentos dos contextos sociocultural e político na produção do sofrimento psíquico e valendo-se de reflexões construídas pelas produções bibliográficas já existentes sobre Covid-19, sobre sofrimento psíquico, e também pela escuta de experiências individuais e sociais advindas do atendimento clínico de brasileiros vivendo no país durante a pandemia.
Crise, explicações alucinatórias e perspectivas de vivência como doente grave de Covid-19: um relato pessoal
Authors: Sampaio José Jackson Coelho
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho constitui uma narrativa das experiências do autor, médico psiquiatra e pesquisador em Saúde Coletiva, referente ao tempo de sua enfermidade de Covid-19, como expressa na própria memória, por meio de recordação, fluxo de consciência, registro de elementos factuais e reflexão crítica. O tempo na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) foi esquecido e passou a ser lembrado segundo a lógica da fabulação, alucinatório-delirante. Os fatos temporais e clínicos são os que constam nos prontuários da UTI, da Enfermaria e da Equipe Domiciliar, de posse do autor. Espera-se oferecer à sociedade uma vivência singular de como a Covid-19 nos obriga a pensar o indivíduo, a coletividade e as políticas de saúde, por ocasião da primeira grande pandemia viral do mundo globalizado, que ainda não chegou ao seu termo.
Ética periodística y Covid-19: análisis de contenido de los códigos deontológicos
Authors: Díaz-Campo Jesús , Gómez-García Salvador , Segado-Boj Francisco , Remacha-González Lorena
Published: April 2021

Esta investigación realiza un análisis de contenido de 103 códigos de ética periodística de todo el mundo para comprobar su adaptación a las circunstancias derivadas de la pandemia Covid-1٩. A partir de siete recomendaciones formuladas por la Ethical Journalism Network (EJN), se analiza su presencia o ausencia en los códigos. Los resultados muestran una presencia desigual de los principios y diferencias importantes entre los códigos. Ninguno de ellos comprende las siete recomendaciones y solo uno asume seis de ellas. Por el contrario, 17 códigos contienen únicamente una recomendación y dos de ellos no recogen ninguna. Se concluye que las recomendaciones de la EJN más presentes en los códigos se relacionan con principios muy asentados en la ética periodística que dependen habitualmente de la fecha de actualización. Se propone incorporar secciones específicas sobre salud a los códigos.
Narrativas oníricas e a partilha de experiências (extra)ordinárias
Authors: Imbrizi Jaquelina Maria , Domingues Adriana Rodrigues
Published: April 2021

As narrativas oníricas são fragmentos de experiências extra(ordinárias) que podem produzir interpelações sobre o lugar social ocupado pelo sonhante e por aquelas pessoas que exercitam a escuta, construindo espaços de partilha sobre imaginários, impressões e afetos. Neste artigo refletimos sobre as diferentes funções que a experiência de narrar e escutar o conteúdo onírico exerce em uma comunidade, e abordamos a relação entre os sonhos e os períodos de crise política e sanitária no contexto das universidades públicas brasileiras, como a imposta pela pandemia do Covid-19. Como objeto de análise, destacamos um sonho apresentado em projeto de extensão universitária e apontamos dimensões de tratamento do material onírico que podem nos ajudar a encontrar pistas para outras formas de habitarmos a sociedade.
Inteligência Artificial e os rumos do processamento do português brasileiro
Authors: Finger Marcelo
Published: April 2021

RESUMO Neste artigo apresentamos um posicionamento sobre a área de processamento de língua natural em português, seus desenvolvimentos desde o princípio até a explosão de aplicações modernas baseadas em aprendizado de máquina. Exploramos os desafios que a área necessita enfrentar no momento, tanto de natureza técnica quanto de natureza ética e moral, e concluímos com a inabalável associação do processamento de língua natural com os estudos linguísticos.
Inteligência Artificial e Aprendizado de Máquina: estado atual e tendências
Authors: Ludermir Teresa Bernarda
Published: April 2021

RESUMO A área de Inteligência Artificial demonstrou avanços extraordinários nos últimos anos e, atualmente, é utilizada para solucionar inúmeros problemas tecnológicos e econômicos. Como boa parte do sucesso atual da Inteligência Artificial se deve às técnicas de Aprendizado de Máquina, particularmente às Redes Neurais Artificiais, neste artigo falamos dessas áreas, estado atual, desafios e oportunidades de pesquisas. Vamos também mencionar preocupações com impactos sociais e questões éticas.
Por uma tipologia do ensino superior brasileiro: teste de conceito
Authors: Schwartzman Simon , Silva Filho Roberto Lobo , Coelho Rooney R. A.
Published: April 2021

RESUMO Apesar de que a grande diferenciação que existe no ensino superior brasileiro seja amplamente conhecida, e que diferentes tipos de instituições tenham objetivos e produzam resultados também distintos, nas áreas de ensino de graduação, pós-graduação e pesquisa, essas diferenças não são reconhecidas com todas as suas implicações pela legislação nem pelo sistema de avaliação adotado pelo Ministério da Educação no Brasil. O público, formado por estudantes atuais e futuros, assim como por seus empregadores, tampouco é informado a respeito dessas diferenças. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma proposta de classificação ou tipologia das instituições de educação superior brasileiras que identifique com clareza essas diferenças, e que possa servir de base para um sistema de informações e procedimentos de avaliação que tomem em conta essa variedade de características, objetivos e resultados. Isso é feito agrupando-se instituições que tenham perfis semelhantes, do ponto de vista de seu porte, natureza jurídica e envolvimento com atividades de ensino e pós-graduação, e verificando-se até que ponto essas diferenças de tipos correspondem também a diferenças em relação às características de professores, alunos, áreas de atuação e atuação. Na última parte discutimos algumas implicações dessa tipologia para o sistema de avaliação da educação superior e, mais amplamente, para a melhoria da qualidade e desempenho da educação superior do país como um todo.
Construcción social de la violencia escolar como relaciones recíprocas autoorganizadas
Authors: Montoya Caridad Anay Cala
Published: April 2021

RESUMEN Cuba, gracias al carácter socialista del modelo socioeducativo, no alcanza las dimensiones internacionales de violencia escolar, pero ella lacera significativamente las relaciones escolares. Al respecto, el estudio versa en la comprensión de su construcción y emergencia desde una perspectiva relacional, mediante la introducción del concepto de relaciones recíprocas autoorganizadas. En el orden fenomenológico se corrobora su pertinencia a partir de la triangulación metodológica, en escenarios educativos del municipio santiaguero. Del análisis de los resultados constatamos que su construcción se configura a partir de una multidireccionalidad de interacciones entre sus actores y la convergencia contingente de disímiles relaciones (lingüísticas, económicas, escolares, etc.) articuladas por vehículos comunicativos (el poder, el conocimiento, el lenguaje, etc.) desde los cuales la violencia dimana en el acto de golpear, humillar, etc., al otro u otros durante los intercambios escolares.
Lateral bearing capacity of cone-shaped hollow foundation by using limit equilibrium method
Authors: Li Shanshan , Zhang Yukun , Li Dayong , Gao Meng
Published: April 2021

The cone-shaped hollow reinforced concrete foundation (CHRF) is an innovative type of mountain wind turbine foundation. Model tests were carried out to investigate the bearing behaviour of CHRFs under monotonic lateral loading. Results show that the lateral bearing capacity of the CHRF increases with the increasing diameter and height of the foundation, whereas it decreases significantly with an increase in loading eccentricity. The CHRF rotates about the rotation centre during loading, and the rotation centre is located at an embedded depth of 0.55–0.65 times the foundation height and is 0.15–0.18 times the diameter of the foundation away from its centreline in the ultimate state. Moreover, the distributions of earth pressures along the sidewall of the CHRF represent that the sidewall of the CHRF in the loading direction is the central part for bearing lateral loads. A formula for estimating the lateral bearing capacity of the CHRF is proposed in terms of the limit equilibrium method and is verified by model test results. It is found that the relative error ranges from 7.99 to 17.2%, and the average relative error is 12.7%, indicating that the theoretical model is applicable to predict the lateral bearing capacity of the CHRF.
COVID-19 ve NÖROLOJİK HASTALIKLAR
Authors: AYDEMİR Duygu , TÜRK Özge , CEYLAN Burak , YILDIRIM Neslişah , BAYLAM Ekin , KOÇKAR İsra Nur , SARIOĞLU Gizem , KUTLUHAN Süleyman , DEMİRCİ Serpil , YÜREKLİ Yrd. Doç. Dr. Vedat , KOYUNCUOĞLU Hasan , DOĞAN ÜNLÜ Melike , ŞENGEZE Nihat
Published: April 2021

Covid-19 pandemisinde yapılan araştırmalarda nörolojik belirti ve bulguların hastaların yaklaşık % 36’sında görüldüğü saptanmıştır.
Hastalar Covid-19 enfeksiyonunun klasik ateş, öksürük veya solunum sıkıntısı gibi belirtilerinin yanısıra; koku ve/veya tat alma duyusu kaybı, kas ağrısı, inme, baş ağrısı, bilinç bozukluğu, baş dönmesi, epileptik nöbet gibi farklı nörolojik belirtilerle de hastaneye başvurabilmektedir. Bu nörolojik belirti ve bulguların bilinmesi ve bu konudaki farkındalığın artması gerekmektedir. Bu durum, enfeksiyonun yayılmasını önleme ve tedavi etme konusunda oldukça katkı sağlayacaktır.
Bu yazı Covid-19 hastalığının şu ana kadar saptanmış olan nörolojik belirtileri ve komplikasyonlarının literatür eşliğinde derlenmesi amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Bu enfeksiyonla ilgili araştırmalar arttıkça nörolojik tutulumun sanılandan daha fazla olabileceği öngörülmektedir.
Usefulness of transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions in the assessment of Eustachian tube dysfunction - a case study
Authors: Pastucha Małgorzata , Piłka Edyta , Jędrzejczak Wiesław , Skarżyński Henryk
Published: April 2021

Wstęp

Emisje otoakustyczne (OAEs) należą do obiektywnych metod badań słuchu. Pozwalają na ocenę stanu ucha wewnętrznego oraz monitorowanie zmian zachodzących na drodze słuchowej.

Cel

Celem pracy była analiza przydatności emisji otoakustycznych wywołanych trzaskiem w ocenie zaburzeń funkcji trąbki słuchowej u osoby dorosłej.

Materiał i metoda

U 23-letniego pacjenta określono próg słyszenia z wykorzystaniem audiometrii tonalnej. Następnie sprawdzono stan ucha środkowego (audiometria impedancyjna) i oceniono drożność trąbki słuchowej. Do rejestracji emisji otoakustycznych wywołanych trzaskiem (TEOAE) wykorzystano nieliniowy protokół z bodźcem o poziomie 80 dB SPL.

Opis przypadku

W standardowo wykonywanych badaniach diagnostycznych – audiometrii tonalnej i impedancyjnej – nie zaobserwowano istotnych różnic pomiędzy wynikami otrzymanymi w momencie wystąpienia zaburzenia funkcji trąbki słuchowej w stosunku do tych sprzed incydentu i po zastosowaniu leczenia. Natomiast zauważono, że w momencie gdy wyniki wskazywały na zaburzenia funkcji trąbki słuchowej, nastąpiło zmniejszenie poziomu odpowiedzi OAE, głównie dla 1 kHz i 1,4 kHz w stosunku do poziomu emisji, który rejestrowano u pacjenta w chwili, gdy trąbka pracowała prawidłowo.

Wnioski

Audiometria tonalna i impedancyjna to badania, które są mniej czułe na niewielkie zmiany zachodzące w układzie przewodzącym narządu słuchu niż emisje otoakustyczne. Największe zmiany w OAE widoczne były głównie dla częstotliwości średnich – 1 kHz i 1,4 kHz.
Jatropha curcas L. and Pongamia pinnata L. Exhibited Differential Growth and Bioaccumulation Pattern Irrigated with Wastewater
Authors: ABID RAFIA , MAHMOOD SEEMA , ZAHRA SAMAN , GHAFFAR SHAZIA , MALIK MAHWISH , NOREEN SIBGHA
Published: April 2021

Pakistan currently faces an acute shortage of water, which has increasingly been devastating for the past few decades. In order to mitigate water scarcity, agriculture sector of the country started using wastewater discharged from various industries. The present study aims to assess the impact of fertilizer industry effluent on Jatropha curcas L. and Pongamia pinnata L., which are popular biofuel tree species. Initially, one-year-old saplings were acclimatized in pots, then wastewater was applied in diluted concentrations of effluent using 20 and 40 mL L-1 to the treatment group while control plants were irrigated with tap water. The physico-chemical properties of the effluent showed high values 179 mg L-1 for biological oxygen demand (BOD), 257 mg L-1 for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 1200 mg L-1 for total dissolved solid (TDS), respectively. Surprisingly, high concentrations of arsenic (15 μg L-1) and cadmium (0.78 mg L-1) were present but chromium (Cr) concentration was found within permissible limit to WHO. The levels applied caused a significant (p≤0.05) increase in plant growth and biomass. The extent of membrane damage assessed via malondialdehyde (MDA)production was also greater in the roots of P. pinnata while reverse was true for shoots of J. curcas. A more profound (p≤0.05) reduction in photosynthetic pigments and carotenoids was observed in P. pinnata at concentrated level of effluent. Overall, the study signifies a 2-folds potential of biofuel tree species for efficient reuse of wastewater, as well as for remediation of metals from wastewater and soil.
Performance of Some Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars under Water Shortage and High Temperature Stress
Authors: A.A.E. MOHAMED , FIAZ SAJID , WANG XIUKANG , ALI MOHSIN , PARVEEN NOSHI , GABALLAH MAHMOOD M. , ALI SARDAR , ABDALLAH ABDALLAH A. , AHMED SALWA  I.
Published: April 2021

Water shortage and heat are the most devastating abiotic stresses threating global food security. To understand the behavior of germplasm under both abiotic stresses, thirteen rice genotypes were selected for the study to make evaluation under water shortage and heat stress condition. The results showed that the year mean squares were significant and highly significant for all agronomical traits except, flag leaf area, number of tillers plant-1, number of panicles plant-1, 100 grain weight, grain yield plant-1 and harvest index indicated overall wide differences of weather during both years. Environments mean squares were found to be highly significant over all traits were used, indicating that all environments showed significant differences. The highly significant differences were observed among genotypes and G x E interaction for all characteristics except, panicle length. Concerning the cultivars performance across three environments, the cultivars Giza 178, Giza 179, Sakha 107, Hybrid 1, Hybrid 2 gave the best desirable values over normal, drought and heat stress conditions so, these cultivars are considered to play vital role in breeding program to enhancement for drought and heat stresses and have high yield potential. The highly significant and positive correlation were found among the all traits under investigation except with flag leaf angle, leaf rolling and sterility percentage. The results will further help to utilize the genotypes for further crop improvement breeding programs.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Upstream and Middle-Stream River in Langat Basin, Malaysia
Authors: MOHD YUSOFF SITI HAWA , MOHAMAD HAMZAH FIRDAUS , JAAFAR OTHMAN , TAJUDIN HAZRINA
Published: April 2021

The present study investigates the trend in long term monthly streamflow of Sungai Lui (upstream) and Sungai Kajang (middle-stream) of the Sungai Langat Basin located in Selangor, Malaysia. The Mann-Kendall (MK) and Innovative Trend Method (ITM) tests were utilized to assess the trends at the two stations. The trend free pre-whitening (TFPW) and variance correction (VC) tests were used to assess the effects of serial correlation on the established trend, and Sen’s slope estimator was used to assess the magnitude of streamflow. Based on Sen’s Slope estimator results, the trend magnitude for Lui station is very small compared to the Kajang station. The Kajang station shows the highest increase in trend magnitude for November. The results of TFPW and VC trend tests showed that the most significant increasing trend of months occurred at Kajang station, while the less increasing significant trend of months occurred at Lui station. It can be concluded that similar trend results were obtained when the modified Mann-Kendall and ITM were applied to the same data for Sungai Lui and Sungai Kajang. The study found that there is a significant difference in terms of trend and magnitud between upstream and middle-stream.
Features of e-learning organization in a Modern University
Authors: Bakanova Irina G. , Javorcikova Jana
Published: April 2021

One of the most important areas of the educational system today is the widespread use of e-learning methods based on advanced information and telecommunication methods, modern pedagogical technologies The article discusses the relevance of e-learning, its possibilities in the formation of a large number of students skills necessary for their successful professional development. The necessity of using the e-learning management system in order to provide high-quality education is shown in the example of the developed e-course Foreign language for students future engineers. Besides the article shows the possibilities of LMS (Learning Management System) of the Moodle educational content management system for implementing the priority goal of the higher education system. Moreover, both positive and negative sides of using LMS are summarized in the paper. Then it gives practical suggestions for high-quality integration of e-learning in the process of teaching and learning in the educational institution of higher education Samara State Transport University on the basis of effective management of the e-learning process and good management.
Pedagogical conditions for the organization of work with vocationally oriented text in the process of teaching a foreign language
Authors: Pushkareva Irina A.
Published: April 2021

The author of the paper attempts to develop a set of pedagogical conditions that contribute to the organization of effective work of students with a vocationally oriented text in the process of learning a foreign language in order to form common cultural and professional competencies.

To consider a vocationally oriented text as a means of creating common cultural and professional competencies, it is necessary to create certain pedagogical conditions for students that contribute to the effectiveness of this process. In this regard, the author of the paper tried to identify and substantiate the pedagogical potential of a vocationally oriented text, instructional conditions for organizing work with it and psychological and pedagogical conditions based on the personal characteristics of students, responsible for the perception of information as a fundamental component of the communication process.

The author discloses the concept of pedagogical conditions and creates a set of basic pedagogical conditions for organizing the effective work of students with a vocationally oriented text. The conditions determining the pedagogical potential of the text are discussed, within the framework of which the sequence of the students passing certain stages of work is shown, in order to create their own meaning and counter text. Instructional conditions are analyzed, defining forms, techniques and methods of training, contributing to the effective organization of work with the text, and indicators of formation of declared competencies are highlighted. As part of study of psychological and pedagogical conditions, the possibilities of organizing the educational process are considered, taking into account the psychological and personal characteristics of students.

The paper discloses the need to organize training on the basis of authentic texts, as a means of introducing students to the cultural values of the English-speaking countries, in order to search for their own meanings, form self-consciousness, reflection and skills to interact in intercultural communication.

The introduction of the considered pedagogical conditions into the educational process made it possible to systematize work with a vocationally oriented text and showed its effectiveness in the formation of common cultural and professional competencies.
The contextual method of Academician Verbitsky: is a revolution in didactics possible?
Authors: Smirnov I. P.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The article provides an overview of the most notable pedagogical innovations (project method, programmed teaching, pedagogy of cooperation), mastered at the scientific level, but not widely used in educational practice. Special attention is paid to the paradigm of contextual education developed by the Academician of the Russian Academy of Education, Head of the Department of Social and Pedagogical Psychology in Sholokhov Moscow State University for the Humanities, A. A. Verbitsky and his scientific school. This paradigm accumulates many effective forms, methods and means, substantiated within the framework of various innovative approaches; however, it finds application only on the experimental sites of individual creative teachers of Russia.

The aimof the present publication is to investigate the reasons for the rejection by educational practice to apply pedagogical innovations, conditions and prospects.

Methodology and research methods. The author analyses the works of A. A. Verbitsky's scientific school, consistently developing the paradigm of contextual education in monographic and dissertation research, mastering it in the long-term teaching practice of the leading Russian university in the field of intelligent systems in humanities and applied humanities.

Results and scientific novelty. The author rejects the widespread opinion about the inhibition of innovations by the conservative pedagogical environment and shows their ideological incompatibility between the centralised management of education and the autocracy of Russian society as a whole. It is proved that the imperative of the perception of pedagogical innovations by education is a change in the social environment.

Practical significance. The author's assessments and conclusions create methodological prerequisites for developing a discussion about the mission of pedagogical science and the conditions for its development in modern Russian society. Thus, it could explain why the “didactocentrism”, proclaimed by John Amos Comenius, prevails in Russian education.
Nuevas posibilidades del dibujo técnico a través de una investigación educativa basada en las artes
Authors: Pérez-Valero Manuel , Gómez-Martín Ángela
Published: April 2021

Este artículo muestra una investigación educativa basada en las artes en la formación del profesorado (2017-2020) realizada para la asignatura “Aprendizaje y Enseñanza del Dibujo Técnico” del Máster en Profesorado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanza de Idiomas, en la especialidad de Dibujo, Imagen y Artes Plásticas (Universidad de Almería). Los perfiles del alumnado son dispares: arquitectos, ingenieros técnicos, diseñadores gráficos, licenciados en Bellas Artes, licenciados en Historia del Arte, en Publicidad, Moda y Relaciones Públicas, por lo que los procesos son, al mismo tiempo, muy complejos, pero muy enriquecedores, aportando nuevas perspectivas a los enfoques de la enseñanza-aprendizaje del Dibujo Técnico.Se ha desarrollado una metodología de investigación artística participativa, colaborativa, creativa y experimental en formato de laboratorio con la idea de diseñar programas o, mejor dicho, experiencias, que estimulen el interés del alumnado y la investigación autónoma del mismo.Se pretende abordar el estudio de la representación gráfica y del espacio mediante nuevas vías que acompañen al dibujo técnico y se vean reflejadas en las inquietudes de los discentes, como puede ser, en este caso en particular, el mundo de la Moda. Pero también es importante saber y entender que esta materia puede conducirnos al mundo del Teatro, el Constructivismo o el Video Mapping.
La fotografía en la investigación educativa basada en las artes
Authors: Mesías-Lema José María , Ramon Ricard
Published: April 2021

Este artículo analiza el uso de la fotografía como artefacto y documentación pedagógica de la investigación educativa basada en las artes. Su puesta en práctica se materializa a través del proyecto colaborativo “Maneras de hacer mundos”, entre dos universidades españolas. Este ahonda en los discursos docentes, sus metodologías y su pensamiento a través de acciones performativas mediante el uso de la fotografía. Dichas acciones constituyen una manera de subvertir el aula y reflexionar sobre ella, sobre todo, al centrarnos en la formación inicial del profesorado en artes visuales. Los resultados de las acciones permiten visualizar los espacios de reflexión y análisis que los participantes desarrollan con su propio cuerpo, adquirir una nueva forma de pensar y ofrecer un instrumento de acción artística para actuar educativamente en sus aulas en el futuro.
AVALIAÇÃO DO USO DE ANTIDEPRESSIVOS E ANSIOLÍTICOS POR ACADÊMICOS DO CURSO DE ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Coimbra Marla Brenda Pires , Araujo Renata Aparecida Faria de , Lemos Patricia de Lima , Ribeiro Lorena Araujo , Lisboa Helen Cristina Fávero
Published: April 2021

Pesquisas evidenciam sintomas depressivos e de ansiedade entre acadêmicos de enfermagem, que mediante expectativas, desafios e incertezas ao longo do curso, ainda convivem com condições estressantes relacionadas ao paciente, sendo frequente nesse momento, o início do uso de psicofármacos. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o uso de antidepressivos e ansiolíticos por acadêmicos do curso de Enfermagem. Trata-se de estudo transversal, descritivo e analítico, que utilizou questionário contendo informações sociodemográficas, econômicas e sobre uso de antidepressivos e ansiolíticos. Realizou-se o teste de qui-quadrado de Pearson para verificar associação entre as variáveis utiliza antidepressivos/ansiolíticos e sociodemográficas/econômicas.  Foram entrevistados 79 alunos e destes, 13 (16,4%) afirmaram fazer uso do medicamento. Em relação ao psicofármaco usado, os ansiolíticos foram os mais citados (52,63%), prevalecendo a prescrição por psiquiatra (46,15%), a maioria fazendo uso diário (92,31%), iniciado a medicação após ingresso na Universidade (61,54%) e nunca realizado alteração da dosagem sem consultar o médico (61,54%). Um percentual de 76,92% assegurou ter conhecimento sobre os efeitos adversos e declararam saber que a remoção do medicamento deve ser feita de maneira gradual (84,62%), no entanto 53,85% afirmaram ter interrompido o tratamento em algum momento sem consultar o médico. Na análise bivariada não houve associação entre as variáveis. Verificou-se a necessidade de ações voltadas para o acolhimento e escuta dos acadêmicos da área de enfermagem em relação aos transtornos depressivos e de ansiedade, e quanto ao uso racional e seguro dos psicofármacos, minimizando o sofrimento mental e as consequências do uso indevido dos fármacos.
Seroprevalence and Trends of Transfusion Transmitted Coinfections among Blood Donors in North West Punjab - A Retrospective Study
Authors: Kaur Harjot , Garg Parul , Kaur Nirmaljot , Singh Harmandeep , Bakshi Guneet Kaur , Kaur Amandeep , Sood Danish , Shilpa Shilpa
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND Blood transfusion has been a boon to medical science, but at the same time, it exposes millions of people to transfusion transmitted infections (TTI). TTI are the infections that are transmissible from one person to another through parenteral administration of blood / blood products. Various TTIs are hepatitis C (HCV), hepatitis B (HBV), syphilis, human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) and malaria. With increasing use of blood transfusion, chances of transmission of TTIs is very common but proper screening of donor blood has reduced the chances of TTI. The present study was done to know the seroprevalence of HCV, HBV, HIV and syphilis and their coinfections. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the records from January 2015 to December 2019 at a blood bank of Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research at Amritsar, Punjab. Number of donors included in the study were 43,037. All the donors who came to blood bank were tested for TTIs by enhanced chemiluminescent immunoassay. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the records from January 2015 to December 2019 at a blood bank of Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research at Amritsar, Punjab. Number of donors included in the study were 43,037. All the donors who came to blood bank were tested for TTIs by enhanced chemiluminescent immunoassay. RESULTS Number of donors tested for TTI was 43,037. Out of 43037, 1739 patients had serological evidence of TTIs, out of which 1669 (96.19 %) had mono-infection and 70 (4.04 %) had coinfections. HCV & HBV (28 / 70) was the most common combination, followed by HCV & HIV (20 / 70), HCV & syphilis (9 / 70), HIV & syphilis (5 / 70), HBV & syphilis (3 / 70) and HBV & HIV (1 / 70). Two donors had HIV, HCV & syphilis coinfections and two donors had HIV, HBV & HCV coinfections. CONCLUSIONS The present study documents the high prevalence of TTI out of which hepatitis C is the most common followed by hepatitis B. Among coinfections, two most prevalent coinfections are HCV & HBV and HCV & HIV and it is important to screen for these coinfections due to their impact on the course of disease as well as quality of life. This shows the increasing evidence of transfusion transmissible infection in blood donors in spite of advanced and vigilant screening of donated blood prior to transfusion. So, strategies should be devised for monitoring the implementation of post donation counselling for recruitment of safe donors. KEYWORDS Coinfections, Transfusion Transmitted Infections, Seroprevalence
A Cross Sectional Study on Covid-19 Related Depression amongst the Population Working from Home during the Pandemic
Authors: Jotibannad Darshan Yallapp , Singh Ayushi Devendra
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND Covid-19 has detrimental effects on physical and mental health globally. A large number of people have developed psychological disorders due to the pandemic. This study was an attempt to explore the occurrence of depression and its severity level amongst the population who are working from home online during the pandemic period. METHODS A cross sectional online survey was conducted by sharing Zung self-administered depression questionnaire using Google form. Informed consent was obtained from 106 participants and snowball sampling technique was used in the study. Chisquare test and P-value were also calculated to determine the level of significance and association between different variables.c RESULTS Out of 106 participants, 5 (4.71 %) were found to have depression. Females were more affected than men; higher numbers came from those living in a joint family and those who were not married. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlighted the incidence of depression amongst the group working from home during the pandemic. It is the need of the hour to recognise the psychological impact of the pandemic on an peoples’ minds and help them seek immediate help from their nearest health centre to overcome the sufferings they go through. KEYWORDS Covid-19 Pandemic, Depression, Mental Health
A Cross-Sectional Study to Assess Motor Performance of the Hands and Its Association with Workplace Factors in the Laboratory Workers of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi
Authors: Kamaraddi Seema Venkaraddi , Kajagar Basavaraj Malakajappa
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND Human motor performance (MP) and motor skills are essential aspects of the various daily activities. Skilled laboratory workers involved in prolonged duration of skillful, repetitive work by hands are susceptible to carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). This study was conducted to assess MP of the hands and determine the relation between MP and workplace factors. METHODS Present cross-sectional study was conducted among 94 laboratory workers (technicians and attenders). Participants were categorised into two groups namely, attenders and technicians, each of which was further divided into two sub-groups of normal participants and those diagnosed with CTS. MP was assessed by median motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV), work done and fatiguability, hand grip strength and bimanual coordination. Unpaired ‘t’ test / analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the mean values of selected parameters at a P < 0.05 threshold of significance. RESULTS Mean values of median MNCV, work done and time for onset of fatigue were similar across both groups. In the CTS group, hand grip strength (19.00 ± 5.94 Kg) and efficiency index (89.54 ± 8.47) were slightly diminished, while the duration of error in task execution (29.20 ± 21.67 sec) was slightly more than the normal group; however, these differences were statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). Work done, hand grip strength, error and efficiency index significantly differed between technicians and attenders (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Most of MP measures being normal in those with CTS suggest that they are at early stages of development of CTS, hence requiring suitable preventive measures. Moreover, workplace factors may adversely affect their work performance. KEYWORDS Motor Performance (MP), Median Motor Nerve Conduction Velocity (MNCV), Mosso’s Ergography, Hand Grip Strength, Bimanual Coordination