bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Codling moth management by low doses of sugars on the Royal Gala variety
Authors: Tiffrent Abdelkader , Lombarkia Nadia
Published: December 2024

Codling mo th (CM) is a key pest in apple orchards in Algeria. Its control is difficult because of its ability to develop resistance to pesticides. Besides, concern about the safety of these pesticides for human health and the environment has led to regulatory actions that have reduced the availability of these products to growers. Thus, the use of eco-friendly alternative methods is encouraged. In this context, foliar spraying using fructose (100 ppm) and glucose (100 ppm) against CM larval stages on the Royal Gala variety, compared to the control and insecticide (Deltamethrin), was assessed in an orchard located in Beni Fedhala province (Batna-Algeria). The obtained results confirmed that the spraying of glucose and fructose increased the percentage of healthy fruits at harvest, the percentages of healthy fallen fruits and the total healthy fruits. Further, the number of diapausing larvae in corrugated cardboard banding was reduced. In addition, our study  shows that the number of chrysalis was significantly lower and different from the number of male and female larvae, which are identical.
Combined effects of deficit irrigation and biochar application on seed yield and its components in three different sesame varieties grown in sandy soil conditions
Authors: Abdelsatar Mohamed Ali , Emam Mohamed A. , Elareny Ibrahim. M. , HASSONA Mohamed M. , El-Demardash Ibthal S.
Published: December 2024

To answer the question, "Is biochar application considered an effective tool for mitigating the negative impacts of water stress on sesame production?" So, two experiments were conducted at the Ismailia Agricultural Research Station in Egypt during summer 2022 and 2023.  For each irrigation regime, the experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design using a split-plot arrangement with three replications. The main plots received biochar application rates, while sub-plots planted sesame varieties. The study found that deficit irrigation combined with biochar application significantly improved seed yield and its components in all three sesame varieties. The combination of deficit irrigation with biochar application was found to be a sustainable approach for improving sesame production in sandy soil conditions. Furthermore, biochar application had proven its ability to mitigate the negative effects of deficit irrigation, resulting in higher seed yields.
Health implications of racial differences in serum growth differentiation factor levels among men with obesity
Authors: Bathina Siresha , Lopez Virginia Fuenmayor , Prado Mia , Ballato Elliot , Colleluori Georgia , Tetlay Maryam , Villareal Dennis T , Mediwala Sanjay , Chen Rui , Qualls Clifford , Armamento‐Villareal Reina
Published: December 2024

Growth differentiation factor (GDF15) has been considered a biomarker and recently a hormonal driver for diseases in different populations. However, the role of GDF15 as a biomarker of health outcomes in obese men from different racial/ethnic background has not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to investigate the racial/ethnic differences on the relationship between GDF15 and markers of glucometabolic status, hormonal profile, body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) in obese men. One hundred ninety‐three obese men from diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds were enrolled. BMD and body composition were measured by dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Serum GDF15, osteocalcin, C‐terminal telopeptide, sclerostin, adiponectin, leptin, estradiol, testosterone, follicle‐stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, 25‐hydroxyvitamin D, lipid profile, and hemoglobin A1C (A1C) were measured. Non‐African Americans (NAA) had significantly higher GDF15 level than African Americans (AA). Level was also higher in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). In both the groups GDF15 correlated with A1C and lean mass. However. GDF15 correlated  with body fat, LDL total cholesterol and femoral neck BMD only in NAA and with appendicular lean mass only in AA. Ethnicity, total cholesterol and T2DM were found to be independent predictors of GDF15. We conclude that GDF15 may influence glucometabolic status, body composition and bone parameters which may affect cardiovascular risk and osteoporosis  between races.
Trim13‐induced ubiquitination of RPS27A inhibits the progression of lung cancer by depending on the inactivation of NF‐κB signaling pathway
Authors: Li Lailing , Zhou Hui , Cui Yayun , Xu Ke
Published: December 2024

Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. Recent studies have shown that tripartite motif 13 (TRIM13) play important regulatory roles in the progression of different tumors. In this study, we focused on the role of TRIM13 in LC tumorigenesis and its underlying molecular mechanisms. The study demonstrated TRIM13 was identified as a novel tumor suppressor gene of LC and its overexpression suppressed LC progression in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, TRIM13 interacted with RPS27A, increasing RPS27A ubiquitination and degradation. Furthermore, RPS27A overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of TRIM13 overexpression on LC progression. By binding to RPS27A and encouraging its ubiquitination and degradation, TRIM13 hindered LC advancement. We also found that RPS27A overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of TRIM13 overexpression on NF‐κB signaling, thereby further promoting the proliferation and metastasis of LC cell lines. Therefore, targeting the TRIM13/RPS27A/NF‐κB signaling axis may be a promising target for LC treatment.
Lexical patterns in Hungarian vowel harmony
Authors: Rácz Péter , Rebrus Péter
Published: December 2024

Hungarian shows variable front vowel harmony, particularly in suffixed back vowel + [ɛ] nouns. The study aims to address two main research questions: (1) To what extent does stem-level information (similarity across stems) predict suffix variation for back vowel + [ɛ] stems in Hungarian corpus data? (2) Do suffixes themselves predict suffix variation beyond the stem-level information? We draw on a dataset of 200 noun stems, 4,501 suffixed forms and 4 × 106 tokens, based on the New Hungarian Webcorpus, and use a K-Nearest Neighbours learner and a hierarchical generalised linear model to address these questions. We find that the majority of back vowel + [ɛ] stems show variable vowel harmony, that this depends on stem similarity and that similarity effects are amplified by vowel-initial suffixes. This points to a model of Hungarian vowel harmony in which stem- and suffix-level information are lexically specified.
Demystifying multiple sclerosis diagnosis using interpretable and understandable artificial intelligence
Authors: Chadaga Krishnaraj , Khanna Varada Vivek , Prabhu Srikanth , Sampathila Niranjana , Chadaga Rajagopala , Palkar Anisha
Published: December 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a dangerous illness that strikes the central nervous system. The body’s immune system attacks myelin (an entity above the nerves) and impairs brain-to-body communication. To date, it is not possible to cure MS. However, symptoms can be managed, and treatments can be provided if the disease is diagnosed early. Hence, supervised machine learning (ML) algorithms and several hyperparameter tuning techniques, including Bayesian optimization, have been utilized in this study to predict MS in patients. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis has been conducted before training the classifiers. The most essential markers were chosen using a technique called mutual information. Among the search techniques, the Bayesian optimization search technique prevailed to be pre-eminent, with an accuracy of 89%. To comprehend the diagnosis generated by the ML classifiers, four techniques of explainable artificial intelligence were utilized. According to them, the crucial attributes are periventricular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), infratentorial MRI, oligoclonal bands, spinal cord MRI, breastfeeding, varicella disease, and initial symptoms. The models could be deployed in various medical facilities to detect MS in patients. The doctors could also use this framework to get a second opinion regarding the diagnosis.
Phase characterisation in minerals and metals using an SEM-EDS based automated mineralogy system
Authors: Kostryzhev Andrii , Murphy Timothy
Published: December 2024

Advanced Mineral Identification and Characterisation System (AMICS) is based on energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) utilised in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). A specially designed software controls the sample positioning inside the microscope chamber, EDS spectra acquisition and analysis, phase identification, and results visualisation in the form of maps, graphs and tables. Characterisation can be conducted automatically for up to 28 mounted samples in a Hitachi SU3900 SEM with or without coating. Many options exist for an experienced researcher to influence the analysis process: (i) extract a spectrum for each acquisition point and determine chemical composition at this point, (ii) visualise mineral maps for each phase or a group of phases to characterise their interactions, (iii) determine the particle geometry-chemistry relationship, (iv) conduct statistical analysis of EDS spectra, define presence of solute elements, and visualise distribution of particles with a particular chemical composition, (v) manually develop the spectra database for unknown phases and solid solutions. This paper briefly outlines the AMICS software features and selected results for phase characterisation in minerals, metal alloys, and nanoparticle mixtures (MOFs and ZIFs). The influence of data acquisition methodology on accuracy and depth of characterisation is discussed.
Размышления по поводу языковой интерпретации при обучении студентов-русистов
Authors: Ясаи Ласло
Published: December 2024

В данной статье предметом рассмотрения являются разные грамматические формы глагольного действия, способные вступать в синонимическое отношение с другой грамматической формой глагола. При выделении такого смыслового единства на первый план выступает различие интерпретирующего характера. Автор ставит себе целью обратить внимание на важность такого рода различий и представить их особенности с точки зрения способов выражения. При анализе явления грамматической интерпретации основной акцент делается на глагольные категории залога, вида и времени, кроме того, уделяется особое внимание и формам деепричастий в сравнении с глагольным предикатом главного действия.
The most common mistakes in using prepositions in the Croatian language by native speakers of the Spanish language
Authors: Korljan Bešlić Josipa
Published: December 2024

Prijedlozi su nepromjenjiva vrsta riječi, ali dosta česta u uporabi na razini rečenice. Središnje pitanje koje ovaj rad postavlja jest koje pogreške izvorni govornici španjolskoga jezika koji uče hrvatski jezik kao ini na početnoj razini (A1 i A2) rade pri korištenju hrvatskih prijedloga, imajući u vidu da se hrvatski i španjolski prijedlozi razlikuju u uporabi. Pogreške su proučene na temelju esejističkih tekstova pisanih na nastavi kolegija Hrvatski jezik za strance polaznika CEHAS-a na Filozofskom fakultetu u Splitu. Pogreške su sistematizirane prema prijedlozima i prema čestotnosti. U radu se objašnjavaju uzroci pogrešaka te se navode mogućnosti za uklanjanje i preveniranje ovakve vrste pogrešaka.
DETERMINAÇÕES HISTÓRICAS SOBRE A RELAÇÃO CURRÍCULO-FRACASSO ESCOLAR NO CONTEXTO EDUCACIONAL BRASILEIRO
Authors: Maia Júlio César A.
Published: December 2024

O estudo objetiva justapor currículo e o fenômeno fracasso escolar. Lança mão de três seções orientadas: i) à compreensão da teoria da carência cultural, na particularidade das décadas 1960 e 1970; ii) à demarcação do teor das respostas assumidas pelos teóricos curriculistas norte-americanos tanto à ideia de currículo técnico-linear quanto ao sentido depositado sobre a tese da carência cultural e; iii) à apreensão de um movimento de atualização da teoria da carência cultural a partir da síntese diferença cultural. Conclui-se que a desobrigação do organismo escolar pelo fracasso da escola é compartilhada por ambas as teorias investigadas.
RISO E CARNAVALIZAÇÃO NO TEMPO-ESPAÇO DA SALA DE AULA
Authors: Oliveira Juliana Soares de , Nogueira Ana Lúcia Horta
Published: December 2024

O artigo problematiza o riso em sala de aula, considerando as entonações discursivas carregadas de ironia e escárnio como atos de carnavalização do real, como apontado por Bakhtin em seu estudo sobre a obra de Rabelais. Por meio de uma abordagem dialógica do discurso, retoma dados de pesquisa realizada em uma escola municipal situada na periferia de Campinas-SP. A análise explicita como as situações de riso e humor demarcam cronotopos da sala de aula, elementos que possibilitam refletir sobre o cotidiano enquanto projeta-se um mundo utópico.
CAIXA ESCOLAR E MERENDA
Authors: Ferreira Borges Barbosa Débora , Batista Paes Ademilson
Published: December 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo fulgurar o papel da caixa escolar como pilar na aquisição de subsídios para manutenção da oferta alimentar na escola pública no período em que, a merenda escolar ainda não havia sido instaurada e posteriormente, como a entidade se manteve atuante neste cenário. Apresenta-se uma abordagem na qual o Grupo Escolar Santo Antônio, é espaço para materialização da proposta. Para tanto, utilizaremos documentos e registros sobre a associação local, e ainda, entrevistas com antigas merendeiras que trabalharam no grupo escolar. Explicita-se além da importância social da caixa escolar, a inestimável participação comunitária na corporificação da distribuição de víveres aos estudantes.
UM CONVITE AO BRINCAR
Authors: Florêncio Samara Queiroz do Nascimento , Vasconcelos Josiane Barbosa de , Araújo Júnior Isnaldo Florêncio
Published: December 2024

Este texto é uma resenha crítica do livro ‘Educação Física pela Pedagogia da Corporeidade: um convite ao brincar’, de autoria de Pierre Normando Gomes-da-Silva, autor que vem abordando a Educação Física por meio da linguagem pragmática e ontológica e que teoriza a Pedagogia da Corporeidade como um método de ensino e de pesquisa, que pode ser aplicado na educação e na saúde. O livro é um convite para que os professores leitores o acompanhem na brincadeira de ensinar, de modo mais leve, divertido, sistemático, crítico e criativo, enfim, mais inteligente e saudável.
IMPRESSOS ESCOLARES E A RELIGIÃO CATÓLICA
Authors: Lopez Gomes Cristian , Do Valle Pereira Assis Jacira Helena
Published: December 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar resultados de uma revisão sistemática no campo da História da Educação, referente a impressos escolares e sua vinculação com a religião católica. Na produção científica levantada, foram analisados os referenciais teóricos adotados, o enfoque dado e as regiões do país que abordavam essa temática. Na presente investigação, optou-se pela utilização do software de revisão sistemática Sumarize. Os resultados sinalizam que os referenciais mais mobilizados foram vinculados à História Cultural, e há forte presença dos conteúdos informados por uma perspectiva católica nos impressos escolares, sendo que essa concentração é maior na região sul do país.
CAMPANHA PRÓ-EDUCAÇÃO E A FRENTE NEGRA PELOTENSE
Authors: Garcia Pinto Natália , Leon Adriana Duarte
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo investiga a Campanha Pró-Educação veiculada no periódico da imprensa negralocal A Alvorada no período de 1933-1936. O trabalho tem o propósito de discutir o direito à educação pelo viés da luta empreendida pelas associações negras da cidade de Pelotas frente a uma política de exclusão social e racial da
população afrodescendente nas escolas. Foi possível verificar que a campanha foi arquitetada pelos jornalistas negros e pela Frente Negra pelotense com o objetivo de criar escolas e auxiliar financeiramente os pais que
não conseguiam matricular seus filhos nas escolas do município.
A CULTURA MATERIAL ESCOLAR COMO FONTE DE PESQUISA NO CAMPO DO ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA
Authors: Bezerra Cavalcanti Geane
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo busca analisarcomo se desenvolveu a relação entre historiografia e cultura material. Além disso, pretende-se mostrar como a cultura material escolar é produzida e suas possíveis formas de uso na pesquisa acadêmica. Para isso, realizamos um levantamento bibliográfico que traz como temática central a cultura material escolar e suas formas de uso na pesquisa em educação e no ensino de história. Observamos que a cultura material escolar ao mesmo tempo que é fruto de uma produção cultural, também interfere na cultura e nas práticas de ensino-aprendizagem vividas no cotidiano de professores e estudantes.
PROFESSORES, GESTORES E A PRODUÇÃO DA FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA DE NATAL E DE SEU CURSO DE HISTÓRIA (1955-1956)
Authors: Da Silveira Nobre Clivya
Published: December 2024

O objetivo do artigo foi analisar as ações dos professores e gestores ao produzir o espaço institucional da Faculdade de Filosofia de Natal (FAFIN) e de seu Curso de História, entre 1955 e 1956. Foi mobilizada a metodologia da análise qualitativa dos documentos administrativos da instituição. Foram operacionalizados os conceitos de produção de espaço (LEFEBVRE, 2013), sociabilidade (SIRINELLI, 1986) e intelectual (SIRINELLI, 2003). Identificou-se o perfil social e político dos professores e gestores, formação, atuação profissional, agremiações culturais que integraram, e a influência destes aspectos no currículo do Curso de História e nas diretrizes institucionais da FAFIN.
ARQUITETURA, LUGAR E ESPAÇO
Authors: De Melo Silva Vívia
Published: December 2024

O presente texto tem por objetivo discutir a relação do colégio Estadual da Prata com a cidade de Campina Grande-PB, destacando aspectos relacionados à arquitetura, ao espaço e ao lugar. Trabalhamos com estudo bibliográfico, levantamento de dados e análise documental. Observamos que a fundação do colégio Estadual da Prata esteve diretamente articulada ao momento de importante desenvolvimento urbano, social e cultural da cidade de Campina Grande.
ANÁLISE ORTOGRÁFICA EM TEXTOS DO ENEM
Authors: de Souza Couto Ana Luiza , Mara Lima Oliveira Guimarães Daniela , Vignoli Lacerda Luíza
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar, categorizar e quantificar erros ortográficos em redações de candidatos ao Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem) de 2018. Como metodologia, foi utilizada a abordagem quali-quantitativa (PAIVA, 2019). O arcabouço teórico desta pesquisa foi pautado na Teoria da Integração de Múltiplos Padrões–IMP (TREIMAN; KESSLER, 2014; 2021). Como resultados, foram encontrados erros ortográficos nos níveis segmental e suprassegmental. Tais erros apontam para a necessidade de se trabalhar com a ortografia por meio de práticas didáticas sistematizadas e reflexivas que levam o aluno a refletir sobre a própria língua.
PARA QUAL ESCOLA VOCÊ DEVE ENVIAR OS SEUS FILHOS? AUF WELCHE SCHULE SIE IHRE KINDER SCHICKEN SOLLTEN?
Authors: Peter da Fonseca Maria Angela , Callegaro Tambara Elomar Antonio
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é mapear comportamentos doutrinários, ideológicos, e pedagógicos presentes na cultura escolar de duas Deutsche Schulen (Escolas Alemãs) urbanas, instituições escolares localizadas nas cidades de Pelotas, Brasil e Buenos Aires, Argentina (1900-1930). As fontes principais são Relatórios de Jubileus Comemorativos das duas instituições. Trata-se de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e qualitativa que utiliza os referenciais teóricos-epistemológicos da História Cultural e História Conectada. Cultura escolar e tradições étnicas com vistas à continuidade do Deutschtum mesclaram-se sincronicamente ao cotidiano de alunos teuto-brasileiros e teuto-argentinos no início do século XX.
FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE NA ESCOLA TÉCNICA FEDERAL DE MATO GROSSO
Authors: MARCEL RUFINO DE VASCONCELOS FIGUEIREDO TÚLIO , VIEIRA CAMPOS FERREIRA NILCE
Published: December 2024

Analisamos a formação docente na Escola Técnica Federal de Mato Grosso (ETFMT) entre os anos de 1984 e 1990, particularmente as licenciaturas denominadas de Curso Esquema I e Curso Esquema II, discutindo o caráter legal e burocrático dessas formações. Acessamos legislações e processos administrativos expedidos pelo governo brasileiro, e que foram analisados na abordagem teórica-metodológica da História Nova. Apontamos três turmas dos Cursos Esquema I e Esquema II que foram cursadas por docentes da ETFMT e evidenciam os o currículo, as habilitações e as condições da oferta dessas licenciaturas na instituição investigada.
Afro Ibarreños: Un caso de estigmatización territorial en una ciudad andina
Authors: Palacios Gutiérrez Paúl
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo de investigación analiza y explora principalmente desde la teoría de la estigmatización territorial el proceso de estigmatización de la parroquia urbana “Guayaquil de Alpachaca” y los efectos directos e indirectos sobre la vida y existencia de sus habitantes, describiendo una serie de estrategias para sobrellevarlo. Para ello, se plantea un cuerpo teórico que se nutre desde los estudios urbano territoriales, los estudios afrodescendientes, la estigmatización territorial y la segregación socio espacial, debido a la complejidad del fenómeno de estudio, su contexto socio histórico y geográfico.
Le travail en contexte de transformation numérique est-il marqué par des enjeux de genre? Points de vue du personnel cadre
Authors: Giguère Émilie , Sirois Gagné Mireille , Drouin Mégane
Published: December 2024

Cet article propose de documenter les points de vue du personnel cadre d’organisations du secteur des services à propos des enjeux de genre au travail en contexte de transformation numérique (TN) à la lumière des théories féministes et d’une théorie du travail vivant. Cette étude s’inscrit dans une démarche méthodologique de recherche qualitative à l’aide de 3 entretiens de groupe regroupant un total de 20 participants(es) qui occupent des fonctions de cadres en proximité avec du personnel. Les résultats révèlent la diversité de leurs points de vue sur les enjeux de genre qui peuvent être regroupé dans deux grandes catégories : 1) la mise en visibilité des enjeux de genre concernant la représentativité des hommes et des femmes dans les organisations; 2) la compétence, l’expertise et la recherche de profils « performants » en contexte de TN conceptualisés comme « neutres » au regard du genre. Ces résultats sont discutés en considérant les difficultés de reconstructions collectives du personnel cadre à l’égard des enjeux de genre et du travail en contexte de TN, de même que la prépondérance des enjeux économiques et instrumentaux du travail par rapport aux enjeux humains et sociaux, dont font partie les enjeux de genre. Plus largement, ces résultats contribuent au renouvellement des réflexions à l’égard des enjeux de genre au travail en contexte de TN à partir des points de vue du personnel cadre.
Transformations de l’environnement de travail en contexte de projets : enjeux individuels et d’équipe à la suite de la crise de la COVID-19
Authors: Romero-Torres Alejandro , Leroux Marie-Pierre , Delisle Julie , Coulon Thibaut , Primeau Marie-Douce
Published: December 2024

Alors que la pandémie de COVID-19 a permis une accélération vers la transition numérique au sein des organisations, elle a également posé certains défis. Dans le cadre de la gestion de leurs projets, plusieurs organisations ont adopté le télétravail pour maintenir leurs activités, remodelant ainsi leurs pratiques actuelles pour mieux s’adapter à un environnement virtuel. Ces transformations méritent d’être étudiées. Cet article vise alors à comprendre les défis vécus par les individus et les équipes de projet lors de la pandémie de COVID-19. En nous basant sur une étude qualitative, nous illustrons quatre catégories de défis : environnement physique, environnement virtuel, environnement social et pratiques organisationnelles et individuelles. Ainsi, nous mettons en lumière que l’interdépendance des défis met en évidence les interactions systémiques des transformations de l’environnement de travail. La prise en compte de ces défis, ainsi que de leurs relations, est essentielle pour comprendre les transformations organisationnelles.
Sécurité, liberté et sens du travail dans l’économie des plateformes. Qu’en pensent les jeunes travailleurs d’Uber et Uber Eats qui opèrent au Québec?
Authors: Vultur Mircea , Wartel Laurent
Published: December 2024

Cet article explore les dynamiques de travail au sein de l'économie des plateformes, en se concentrant sur les expériences des jeunes travailleurs d'Uber et Uber Eats au Québec. Les auteurs examinent la manière dont ces travailleurs perçoivent leur sécurité d'emploi, leur liberté de travail, et le sens qu'ils attribuent à leur activité professionnelle dans un contexte dominé par le management algorithmique. L’analyse thématique des données d’entrevue avec 48 jeunes travailleurs d’Uber et Uber Eats qui opèrent au Québec permet ensuite de dégager 3 constats. Premièrement, les jeunes travailleurs expriment un sentiment de sécurité d'emploi lié à la flexibilité et à l'accès direct au marché du travail que leur fournissent les plateformes, malgré une absence de garanties sociales traditionnelles. Deuxièmement, ils apprécient fortement la liberté que leur offre ce type de travail, notamment en matière d'autonomie dans l'organisation du travail et de flexibilité des horaires. Cependant, cette liberté est relativisée par la dépendance aux algorithmes des plateformes qui gèrent la délégation des tâches. Troisièmement, l'analyse révèle que, pour ces jeunes, le travail sur les plateformes représente une dimension de participation productive à la société, contrastant avec la perception d'un « travail vide » souvent associé au salariat traditionnel. Cette expérience est perçue comme plus gratifiante, car elle est directement liée à une demande du marché. Bien que l'économie des plateformes présente des défis, notamment en matière de protection sociale et de sécurité d'emploi, elle offre cependant aux jeunes travailleurs des occasions valorisées de sécurité, de liberté et de sens dans leur travail.
Leadership transformationnel et performance au travail : rôle médiateur de la motivation autonome des salariés dans un hôpital public sénégalais
Authors: Ndao Assane , Fall Amar
Published: December 2024

Cette recherche examine les liens entre la perception d’un leadership transformationnel, la motivation autonome des salariés et leur performance au travail. Elle explore plus précisément l’effet médiateur de la motivation autonome, considérée comme la forme de motivation la plus adaptée pour développer des performances durables (Gagné et Deci, 2005; Gagné et Forest, 2009; Roussel et Fall, 2021). Réalisée sur un échantillon de convenance de 158 agents d’un hôpital public sénégalais, les résultats, issus de la démarche des équations structurelles et du test des effets indirects, révèlent que la perception d’un leadership transformationnel agit effectivement sur la motivation autonome des agents, mais également sur leur performance dans la tâche. Toutefois, elle n’agit pas directement sur leur performance contextuelle. En revanche, la motivation autonome des agents exerce un effet médiateur total entre la perception d’un leadership transformationnel et la performance contextuelle. Elle exerce par contre, un effet médiateur partiel entre le leadership transformationnel et la performance dans la tâche.
Effects of Baicalein Pretreatment on the NLRP3/GSDMD Pyroptosis Pathway and Neuronal Injury in Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus in the Mice
Authors: Kang Junling , Mo Shenshen , Shu Xiuqiong , Cheng Shuang
Published: December 2024

Status epilepticus (SE) links to high mortality and morbidity. Considering the neuroprotective property of baicalein (BA), we investigated its effects on post-SE neuronal injury via the NLRP3/GSDMD pathway. Mice were subjected to SE modeling and BA interference, with seizure severity and learning and memory abilities evaluated. The histological changes, neurological injury and neuron-specific enolase (NSE)-positive cell number in hippocampal CA1 region, and cell death were assessed. Levels of the NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3)/gasdermin-D (GSDMD) pathway-related proteins, inflammatory factors, and Iba-1 + NLRP3+ and Iba-1 + GSDMD-N+ cells were determined. BA ameliorated post-SE cognitive dysfunction and neuronal injury in mice, as evidenced by shortened escape latency, increased number of crossing the target quadrant within 60 s and the time staying in the target quadrant, alleviated hippocampal damage, increased viable cell number, decreased neuronal injury, and increased NSE-positive cells. Mechanistically, BA repressed microglial pyroptosis, reduced inflammatory factor release, and attenuated neuronal injury by inhibiting the NLRP3/GSDMD pathway. The NLRP3 inhibitor exerted similar effects as BA on SE mice, while the NLRP3 activator partially reversed BA-improved post-SE neuronal injury in mice. Conjointly, BA reduced microglial pyroptosis in hippocampal CA1 area by inhibiting the NLRP3/GSDMD pyroptosis pathway, thereby ameliorating post-SE neuronal injury in mice.
An Electrically Evoked Compound Action Potential Marker for Local Spiral Ganglion Neuron Degeneration: The Failure Index
Authors: Konerding Wiebke , Arenberg Julie , Sznabel Dorota , Kral Andrej , Baumhoff Peter
Published: December 2024

Spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) degeneration is a candidate factor for reduced hearing outcomes in cochlear implant (CI) users. However, there is no procedure available to identify CI contacts close to focal SGN degeneration in human patients. In an animal model, we assessed the impact of focal SGN degeneration on electrical responsiveness and derived an electrophysiological marker for the presence, location, and size of such lesions. We introduced cochlear microlesions in 13 guinea pigs (six female) and recorded electrically evoked compound action potentials (eCAP) after 8–12 d. These were compared with recordings from controls (
N
 = 8) and acutely lesioned cochleae (
N
 = 12). We stimulated via 6-contact CIs in monopolar configuration with symmetric, biphasic pulses of alternating polarity. We histologically assessed the lesion and its relative position to the CI contacts. The lesions (230–850 µm) significantly elevated thresholds and reduced amplitudes. The effect was found at stimulation distances of 3.5 mm from the lesion. A novel eCAP marker, Failure Index (FI: maximal input/output ratio), was significantly elevated in the presence of degenerated SGN. It indicates the failure to efficiently transduce the stimulation current into neural activation (N1P1 amplitude). The FI showed classification accuracies of 80% and identified contacts closest to the lesion in ∼80% of cases within ±700 µm (∼electrode spacing) from the lesion site and was correlated with the lesion size. Thus, the FI is a clinically relevant, noninvasive marker that is suitable for clinical datasets without a priori knowledge on lesions, when combined with the statistical method of median splitting.
Fast-Spike Interneurons in Visual Cortical Layer 5: Heterogeneous Response Properties Are Related to Thalamocortical Connectivity
Authors: Su Chuyi , Mendes-Platt Rosangela F. , Alonso Jose-Manuel , Swadlow Harvey A. , Bereshpolova Yulia
Published: December 2024

Layer 4 (L4) of rabbit V1 contains fast-spike GABAergic interneurons (suspected inhibitory interneurons, SINs) that receive potent synaptic input from the LGN and generate fast, local feedforward inhibition. These cells display receptive fields with overlapping ON/OFF subregions, nonlinear spatial summation, very broad orientation/directional tuning, and high spontaneous and visually driven firing rates. Fast-spike interneurons are also found in Layer 5 (L5), which receives a much sparser input from the LGN, but the response properties and thalamocortical connectivity of L5 SINs are relatively unstudied. Here, we study L5 SINs in awake rabbits (both sexes) and compare their response properties with previously studied SINs of L4. We also assess thalamocortical connectivity of L5 SINs, examining cross-correlation of retinotopically aligned LGN–SIN spike trains and L5 SIN responses to electrical stimulation of the LGN. These analyses confirmed that many L5 SINs, like L4 SINs, receive a strong, fast monosynaptic drive from the LGN. Moreover, these LGN-connected L5 SINs had response properties similar to those of L4 SINs and were predominantly found in the upper half of L5. In contrast, L5 SINs with longer synaptic latencies to LGN stimulation displayed (1) sharper orientation tuning, (2) longer visual response latencies, (3) lower spontaneous and (4) visually driven firing rates, and (5) were found in the deeper half of L5. We suggest that the long-latency synaptic responses in such L5 SINs reflect a multisynaptic intracortical pathway that generates a different constellation of response properties than seen in L5 SINs that are driven directly by LGN input.
Sex Differences in Central Amygdala Glutamate Responses to Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide
Authors: Lorsung Rebecca , Cramer Nathan , Alipio Jason Bondoc , Ji Yadong , Han Sung , Masri Radi , Keller Asaf
Published: December 2024

Women are disproportionately affected by chronic pain compared with men. While societal and environmental factors contribute to this disparity, sex-based biological differences in the processing of pain are also believed to play significant roles. The central lateral nucleus of the amygdala (CeLC) is a key region for the emotional-affective dimension of pain, and a prime target for exploring sex differences in pain processing since a recent study demonstrated sex differences in CGRP actions in this region. Inputs to CeLC from the parabrachial nucleus (PB) play a causal role in aversive processing and release both glutamate and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). CGRP is thought to play a crucial role in chronic pain by potentiating glutamatergic signaling in CeLC. However, it is not known if this CGRP-mediated synaptic plasticity occurs similarly in males and females. Here, we tested the hypothesis that female CeLC neurons experience greater potentiation of glutamatergic signaling than males following endogenous CGRP exposure. Using trains of optical stimuli to evoke transient CGRP release from PB terminals in CeLC, we find that subsequent glutamatergic responses are preferentially potentiated in CeLC neurons from female mice. This potentiation was CGRP dependent and involved a postsynaptic mechanism. This sex difference in CGRP sensitivity may explain sex differences in affective pain processing.
Individual Variability in the Structural Connectivity Architecture of the Human Brain
Authors: Huang (黄伟杰) Weijie , Chen (陈豪杰) Haojie , Liu (刘桢钊) Zhenzhao , Dong (董心怡) Xinyi , Feng (冯国政) Guozheng , Liu (刘广芳) Guangfang , Yang (杨奡偲) Aocai , Zhang (张占军) Zhanjun , Shmuel Amir , Su (苏里) Li , Ma (马国林) Guolin , Shu (舒妮) Ni
Published: December 2024

The human brain exhibits a high degree of individual variability in both its structure and function, which underlies intersubject differences in cognition and behavior. It was previously shown that functional connectivity is more variable in the heteromodal association cortex but less variable in the unimodal cortices. Structural connectivity (SC) is the anatomical substrate of functional connectivity, but the spatial and temporal patterns of individual variability in SC (IVSC) remain largely unknown. In the present study, we discovered a detailed and robust chart of IVSC obtained by applying diffusion MRI and tractography techniques to 1,724 adults (770 males and 954 females) from multiple imaging datasets. Our results showed that the SC exhibited the highest and lowest variability in the limbic regions and the unimodal sensorimotor regions, respectively. With increased age, higher IVSC was observed across most brain regions. Moreover, the specific spatial distribution of IVSC is related to the cortical laminar differentiation and myelination content. Finally, we proposed a modified ridge regression model to predict individual cognition and generated idiographic brain mapping, which was significantly correlated with the spatial pattern of IVSC. Overall, our findings further contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of individual variability in brain SC and link to the prediction of individual cognitive function in adult subjects.
Inmigración y Diversidad Funcional. Desafíos y oportunidades para el Trabajo Social
Authors: Estrada Moreno Irene , Moreno Pachón Jaydy , Ruiz Mosquera Ana Cristina
Published: December 2024

La inmigración en España, a pesar de ser una realidad social presente a lo largo de la Historia, está experimentando un crecimiento continuo; sin embargo, el colectivo de inmigrantes aún no cuenta con la protección y seguridad adecuadas durante su proceso migratorio. Este colectivo se enfrenta a limitaciones sociales, económicas, políticas y burocráticas que repercuten a la hora de integrarse en la sociedad, como, por ejemplo, los prejuicios y estereotipos sociales existentes. Esta situación se vuelve aún más compleja cuando la persona es inmigrante y además tiene alguna diversidad funcional. Así pues, desde una metodología mixta, este estudio evidencia la realidad de este colectivo de inmigrantes con diversidad funcional con el objetivo de visibilizar a través de los resultados el impacto que tiene la disciplina del Trabajo Social como red de apoyo en la intervención con estos y su eficacia repercutiendo en la mejora de la calidad de vida.
Activation of the HIF1α/TIMP1/MT6-MMP pathway is associated with invasion in pituitary null cell adenomas
Authors: Yu Shengyuan , Duan Quanxi , Niu Changcun , Mu Chengzhi
Published: December 2024

Non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) are a highly heterogeneous group and often show invasion, but few studies have explored the invasion mechanism and biomarkers for specific subtypes. This study was designed to describe the role of HIF1α and its downstream genes in specific subtypes of NFPAs. Specimens were classified into two subtypes of NFPAs: 46 null cell adenomas (28 invasive and 18 noninvasive) and 46 oncocytomas (11 invasive and 35 noninvasive). HIF1α, TIMP1, MT6-MMP, ECAD and NCAD were detected by qRT-PCR, western blot or immunohistochemistry in tumor tissue. The transwell assay was performed to measure the effects of HIF1α on tumor cell invasion in GH3 and GT1-1 cells. TIMP1, MT6-MMP, ECAD and NCAD were detected by western blot in HIF1α overexpressed GT1-1 cells. HIF1α mRNA and protein level was significantly upregulated in invasive pituitary null cell adenomas but not in invasive pituitary oncocytoma. The TIMP1 mRNA and protein level was significantly downregulated and MT6-MMP mRNA and protein level was significantly upregulated in invasive pituitary null cell adenomas. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, ECAD and NCAD, between invasive and noninvasive pituitary null cell adenomas. The overexpression of HIF1α promoted the invasive capability of pituitary adenoma cells in vitro. Regarding the molecular mechanism, HIF1α overexpression could downregulate TIMP1 and upregulate MT6-MMP expression levels but did not affect EMT markers’ expression. Our results suggested that HIF1α might contribute to the invasion of pituitary null cell adenomas through activating HIF1α/TIMP1/MT6-MMP pathway but not EMT.
Natural light vs artificial light. Effects of light pollution on the bioluminescence of dinoflagellate Pyrocystis lunula
Authors: Di Bari Davide
Published: December 2024

Although there are thousands of marine bioluminescent species, very little is known about the effects of artificial light at night (ALAN) on these organisms, particularly those living near the sea surface, such as dinoflagellates. These organisms have a circadian clock that influences their rhythmic physiology, including processes like photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism, which help regulate marine carbon and nitrogen cycles, respectively. The purpose of this study is to partially address this knowledge gap and research the effects of light pollution on the bioluminescent dinoflagellate Pyrocystis lunula through a series of experiments aimed at verifying the consequences due to changes in the normal day-night circadian cycle and exposure to different types of light source, colors, and light intensities. The response variable was the Corrected Total Algal Bioluminescence, which was recorded with a digital camera and then calculated with the ImageJ software. Results show that dinoflagellates do not appear to be susceptible to slight changes in the light/dark cycle. However, a total absence of light and darkness leads to a drastic inhibition of their bioluminescence, particularly under white LED or incandescent artificial light and with a light intensity of 100 lux or higher.
Die neuen Eignungsanforderungen an Leitungsorgane und Inhaber von Schlüsselfunktionen nach dem Bankenpaket
Authors: Nemeczek Heinrich
Published: December 2024

Mit dem Bankenpaket wurden die Eignungsanforderungen für Mitglieder des Leitungsorgans weiter konkretisiert und für Inhaber von Schlüsselfunktionen gesetzlich begründet. Der europäische Gesetzgeber wollte damit die gegenwärtig „fragmentierte Regulierungslandschaft“ weiter eindämmen. Die Auswirkungen bleiben jedoch für das deutsche Aufsichtsrecht verhältnismäßig überschaubar. Relevant werden diese insbesondere in der Erstreckung der Eignungsanforderungen auf zugelassene (gemischte) Finanzholdinggesellschaften sowie auf Inhaber von Schlüsselfunktionen.
Anlageverhalten und Kundenprofile im Vergleich: Unterschiede zwischen Sparkassen, Genossenschaftsbanken und Großbanken
Authors: Becker Martin G. , Walter Andreas
Published: December 2024

Traditionell unterhalten Haushalte in Deutschland eine Hausbankbeziehung zu einer Filialbank, die einer der drei Gruppen der Universalbanken angehört: einer Sparkasse, einer Genossenschaftsbank oder einer Großbank. Diese Studie zielt darauf ab, erstmals die strukturellen Unterschiede in der Kundenbasis und im Anlageverhalten zwischen den drei Bankengruppen systematisch zu dokumentieren. Ein besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf der Frage, ob Kunden von Sparkassen und Genossenschaftsbanken im Vergleich zu Großbankkunden konservativer investieren und einen größeren Anteil ihres Finanzvermögens in Bankeinlagen halten. Darüber hinaus wird untersucht, ob die Zugehörigkeit zu einer bestimmten Bankengruppe einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Aktienmarktpartizipation und das generelle Anlageverhalten besitzt oder ob diese Abweichungen durch Unterschiede in der Kundenstruktur zwischen den Instituten erklärt werden können.
Análisis de la competitividad de Chile en el mercado mundial del litio
Authors: Guevara Ramirez Willmer , González-Sotella Tamara , Lagunas-Alvarado Constanza , Radman-Vargas José , Ruiz-de-la-Torre-Acha Aitor
Published: December 2024

En este artículo se analiza el mercado mundial del carbonato de litio y del óxido de litio en el período 2010-2019, y se establecen comparaciones entre Chile y los principales exportadores de este producto. Para ello, se utilizan indicadores de competitividad, participación constante de mercado y ventaja comparativa revelada. Se determina así que Chile, a pesar del incremento de sus exportaciones, está perdiendo competitividad en los principales mercados. Por tanto, para enfrentar los incrementos futuros en la demanda del mineral, es recomendable acelerar la implementación de políticas que faciliten la explotación y estimulen la participación de las empresas en un mercado más abierto, transparente y competitivo.
Morphological characterization of karst geodiversity in Municipality of Archidona (Ecuador), Napo Sumaco Aspiring UNESCO Global Geopark
Authors: Sánchez-Cortez José Luis , Vélez-Macías Kathleen , Simbaña-Tasiguano Marco , Rodríguez-Calvopiña Mariela , Fuentes-Campuzano Oswaldo , Freire-Guerrero Carolina
Published: December 2024

Karst morphology is a complex and highly systems and beneficial resource, it plays a fundamental role in geosystemic services and providing landscapes, water, energy and economic resources through tourism. Karst geodiversity is one of the main geomorphological components of the Napo Sumaco Aspiring UNESCO Global Geopark (NSAUGG), through which education and conservation strategies are directed locally. The present study focuses on deepening the knowledge of the morphologies of karst origin in the geopark, specifically in the municipality of Archidona (Ecuador), with the characterization of the types of structures at the micro (between 1 and 100 cm) and mesoscale (between 1 and 1000 m), in five sites located within the municipality. The abundance of microscale geoforms are related to a limited evolution of karst morphologies that can be observe in the local Amazonian karst system. Furthermore, an inverse relationship is established between the relative values ​​of intrinsic geodiversity (IG) and karst disturbance (KDI) levels, being that the sites with lower levels of impact or disturbance show a greater diversity of karst morphologies. In this socio-environmental dynamic, the role played by the Napo Sumaco Aspiring UNESCO Global Geopark is fundamental, contributing to the strengthening of local capacities and the promotion of geoeducational and informative processes focused on the conservation of the karst region and its geodiversity in the municipality of Archidona.
80 tiros: violência e segregação em Leite Derramado e Essa Gente, do escritor Chico Buarque.
Authors: Oliveira Silva Juliana
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo busca investigar as formas pelas quais as obras Leite derramado (2009) e Essa gente (2019), do escritor Chico Buarque, são desdobramentos de uma ficção urbana. Como disserta Karl Erik Schollhammer (2009), a literatura brasileira contemporânea dá lugar aos pequenos relatos do cotidiano e a uma narrativa mais intimista, fato que não negligencia a crítica social. É dessa fora que a temática urbana está posta dentro das narrativas elencadas, de um modo desinteressado, alegórico e de tom ácido. A cidade em ambas as narrativas toma corpo e pode ser observada como um personagem. A idealização da estrutura urbana, uma utopia, não se realiza no contexto brasileiro (Gomes, 2008) e seu desmonte e suas ruínas são os caminhos pelos quais os protagonistas, Eulálio e Duarte, transitam. As ruínas de um Rio de Janeiro não realizado são semelhantes às ruínas das vidas dos homens. E em como todo cenário de urbanização desorganizada, de cidade, e de desigualdade social, a violência será tema privilegiado – seja a violência urbana, seja a violência estrutural e fundadora da cosmovisão brasileira.