bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emerging cases of Rabies amidst COVID-19 in Pakistan: A new threat?
Authors: Kumar Harendra
Published: April 2022

Madam, rabies is a deadly virus which is most of the time spread by the bite of the infected animals (1). In Pakistan, it is endemic with infections mainly caused due to dog bite(2).The lack of proper data on infections caused by rabies makes it very difficult to estimate the fatalities. However, it is believed that the deaths caused by rabies in Pakistan is somewhere between 2000 to 5000 every year (2). Moreover, the recent reported cases of rabies pose a grave concern to the struggling health-set-up of Pakistan (3). Furthermore, most of the viral infections share similar clinical symptoms at first. Rabies and COVID-19 cases also share some same clinical symptoms. Few of the same clinical symptoms may include fever, headache, nausea and vomiting (1, 4). It can be very difficult for the health care workers to diagnose and develop a treatment plan for such patients leading to poor prognosis and unfavourable outcomes. Meanwhile, the emergence and increase in cases of new variants of COVID-19 infections is a big challenge for the country. Recently, Pakistan has been reporting more than 4000 daily COVID-19 infections with most of those caused by delta variant of corona virus and therefore experiencing the fourth wave (5). Furthermore, there is a sharp increase in general trend of dog bites in the months from May-Aug, which supports the fact that summer is the month of hosting of most of the infections caused by Rabies. The improper sanitation of most of the cities of Pakistan plays a major role in aggravating different endemics in the region. Lack of awareness, vaccine hesitancy and knowledge gap further exacerbates the prognosis (3).  Proper management plan for treating patients with Rabies should be designed by health regulating bodies which will then help in proper diagnosis of rabies patients by health care workers. Vaccine shortage should be addressed in an efficient way and areas where the prevalence of disease is higher should be well-stocked. Government should devise a proper plan with the help of international organizations like WHO to work on strategies which should be effective enough to minimize the emergence of Rabies amidst COVID-19. The hospitals in Pakistan have already been overwhelmed by COVID cases. If proper action is not taken, not only patients with Rabies will be neglected a proper treatment but the risk of mortality, mutation and simultaneous occurrence of both the viral infections will also increase.
Continue...
Preterm birth ---- A novel risk factor of Ischemic Heart Disease and Stroke
Authors: Abdul Moeed  , Atif Abdul Raafe , Shuja Syed Hasan
Published: April 2022

Madam, preterm birth (PTB) is classified as having a gestational age of fewer than 37 weeks; annually, approximately 15 million infants are born preterm worldwide(1). Major risk factors of PTB include placenta previa, fetal distress, maternal thyroid disease, and maternal asthma(2). Both teenage (<20 years) and advanced age (>35 years) mothers carry an increased risk of giving birth prematurely(2). Previous studies have shown a positive correlation between PTB and numerous disorders, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia(3).
Mounting evidence suggests PTB is a significant risk factor for ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke. However, due to prior discrepant findings, there is a possibility that these associations might be spurious. However, recent literature surfaced two cohorts by Crump et al. in 2019(4) and 2021(3). In 2019, compiled data from 2,141,709 participants over 43 years, and preterm babies were found to have a significantly higher risk of developing IHD in the future (aHR: 1.44 [1.19-1.73](4). Moreover, the incidence of IHD was more prevalent among preterm-born men than preterm-born women(4). The 2021 cohort evaluated the frequency of stroke with PTB. It concluded that PTB was associated with higher risks of both hemorrhagic stroke (aHR: 1.15 [0.97–1.35]) and ischemic stroke (aHR: 1.31 [1.07–1.60]), compared with full-term birth(3).
These results are worrisome for Pakistan since it has a high tally of PTB cases, as highlighted by a 2017 study by Hanif et al., which showed a 21.64% prevalence of PTB among 1691 females(2). These preterm infants have an increased likelihood of acquiring IHD and Stroke coupled with the already established diseases including hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia later in life, which exacerbates the already high disease burden in Pakistan. Moreover, unaware of the medicines’ cost-effectiveness, medical practitioners commonly prescribe expensive popular generics for treating IHD(5), which inflicts a substantial financial burden on these patients. Hence, paediatricians should be advised to follow up with preterm babies regularly assess their progress, educate mothers about the risk factors of PTB and minimize the chances of them showing up down the line by emphasizing proper diet, regular exercise, and abstinence from smoking. Nationwide campaigns and awareness drives are a few ways the general population could be made aware of PTB and its threat to the health of these children in the future.
Continue...
Implementing work place based assessment: the modified direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS) across medical specialties. An experience from a developing country
Authors: Saeed Sadiq Hamid  , Tabassum Zehra  , Muhammad Tariq  , Azam Saeed Afzal  , Hashir Majid  , Erfan Hussain
Published: April 2022

Objective: To assess the skill level of residents regarding central venous catheterisation insertion, and to assess the reliability of scores in a simulated situation.
Methods: The quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-test design was conducted from February to June 2013 at the Aga Khan University, Karachi, and comprised four workshops attended by residents. The workshops were video-recorded for feedback and self-assessment. At the end of the workshops, knowledge and procedural skills were assessed using a self-generated 38-item, task-specific instrument after ensuring its content validity. Data was analysed using SPSS 19.
Results: There were 40 residents in the sample. The self-generated instrument was reliable with Cronbach’s alpha value 0.83 and inter-rater coefficient 0.79. There was significant improvement in the skills level post-intervention compared to the baselines mean values (p=0.001). The subjects were satisfied with the workshops, as indicated by a mean score of 8.83+/-1.367.
Conclusions: The workshops appeared to improve the central venous catheterisation insertion skills of the residents.
Key Words: Direct observation of procedural skills, Workplace-based assessment, Postgraduate medical education, Resident, Central venous catheterisation.
Continue..
Quantifying Wave Runup in Data-Sparse Locations for Planning
Authors: Villarroel-Lamb Deborah , Williams Andrew H.
Published: April 2022

The determination of wave runup is important to coastal management, including engineering designs and hazard assessments. In data-sparse regions such as the Caribbean, where critical coastal parameters are lacking for adequate decision-making, optimal use must be made of limited datasets to access continuous wave runup data. A video camera system was established at Mayaro Beach in Trinidad and collected video data for a short duration. The waterline variations were rectified and then digitised by sampling pixel intensities along a cross-shore transect. A wave runup time series of 15-minute duration was generated to represent the selected hour of video, from which statistical wave runup estimates including the maximum runup, Rmax, and the runup exceeded by 2% of swash events, Ru2%, were determined. Numerous expressions exist to estimate runup elevations, with the Stockdon et al. (2006) Ru2% predictor being a good performer. The predictive skill of this formulation was assessed, by comparing the measured and predicted magnitudes of the Ru2% using a calibrated/validated model for wave parameters. For the video data analysed, it was found that the coefficient of determination (R2) and the root mean square error (RMSE) were 0.414 and 0.673m for the Stockdon et al. (2006) predictor, but improved to 0.587 and 0.055m using a modified predictor, respectively. Disparities between predicted and observed values were attributed primarily to site-specific conditions and the lack of concurrent in-situ wave data and beach slope characteristics; these were accounted for using the modified predictor and thus enabled an improved wave runup description at the data-sparse site.
TÜRKÇENİN İKİNCİ/YABANCI DİL OLARAK ÖĞRETİMİNDE KONUŞMA BECERİSİNİN KAZANDIRILMASI VE GELİŞTİRİLMESİ AMACIYLA VLOG (VİDEO BLOG) KULLANIMI
Authors: KURT Akife , GÖÇER Ali
Published: April 2022

İkinci/yabancı dilde iletişim kurmanın ön koşulu anlamak kadar anlatabilmektir. Özellikle günlük hayatın büyük bir kısmının konuşarak geçtiği düşünüldüğünde konuşma becerisinin iletişimdeki yeri oldukça önemlidir. Özür dilemek, talepte bulunmak, soru sormak, kendini tanıtmak, emir vermek, yer ve zaman öğrenmek, sipariş vermek gibi iletişimsel amaçlarla konuşma becerisinden yararlanılır. Ancak konuşma, öğrenenlerin diğer dil becerilerine kıyasla en çok zorlandığı ve öğrenmek için zaman harcadığı bir beceridir. Bu bağlamda konuşma becerisinin kazanımı ve gelişimi için sınıf dışı öğrenme ortamlarından biri olan sosyal medyaya şans verilmelidir. Sosyal medyanın yaygın kullanımı, içerik üreticiliğine ve bunun sonucunda bazı kavramların doğuşuna zemin hazırlamıştır. Video destekli blog, diğer adıyla vlog, içerik üreticiliği ile gündeme gelen kavramlardandır. Vlog üreticisi, videonun merkezindedir ve bir konuya, duruma ilişkin tecrübelerini yansıtırken sözlü üretim etkinlikleri ve stratejilerinden yararlanır. Konuşanın sesli mesajları kadar beden diliyle uyumunu da gösteren zengin bir medya örneği olması, vlogdan konuşma becerisinin eğitiminde yararlanılabileceğini düşündürmüştür. Bu çalışma, literatüre dayalı bir derleme niteliğindedir. Çalışmanın amacı, Türkçenin ikinci/yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde konuşma becerisinin eğitiminde vlogun kullanılabilirliğini ortaya koymaktır. İlgili çalışmada; ikinci/yabancı dil eğitimi ve sosyal medya ilişkisi, Türkçenin ikinci/yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde konuşma becerisi ve eğitimi, konuşma becerisinin eğitiminde vlogun faydaları ve sınırlılıkları ile ilgili teorik bir çerçeve oluşturulmuştur. Bu çerçevede literatürden elde edilen bilgiler tartışılarak Türkçenin ikinci/yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde vlog kullanımına ilişkin bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
VALIDAÇÃO E TESTES DE CONFIABILIDADE DA ESCALA DE CONTEÚDO DAS CIRCUNSTÂNCIAS DA VIDA E ASPECTOS MOTIVACIONAIS DO ESTUDANTE (CVAME)
Authors: Costa Oberdan Santos da , Borges Gouveia Luis , Cunha Luis Simões da
Published: April 2022

O objetivo do estudo é validar e testar a confiabilidade da escala de conteúdo das Circunstâncias da Vida e Aspectos Motivacionais do Estudante (CVAME). Para tanto, utiliza-se técnicas de Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE) e Análise Fatorial Confirmatória (CFA). Os resultados obtidos a partir do modelo representado pela Figura 3. Modelo de medida foram considerados adequados, pois em conjunto, o valor de 0.782 da fiabilidade compósita (“composite reliability”, ou “CR”) e o valor de 0.555 da variância média extraída (“average variance extracted”, ou “AVE”) indicam valores aceitáveis de fiabilidade e de validade convergente para o modelo de medida. Esses valores evidenciam a qualidade do modelo estrutural do instrumento. Tendo em vista os resultados apresentados, este instrumento parece-nos muito útil e permite afirmar que, ele é sensível, válido e confiável para a avaliação do apoio acadêmico recebido pelos estudantes, do conteúdo ou mudanças das circunstâncias da vida do estudante durante o processo de formação, aos aspectos motivacionais das experiências de aprendizagem.
Maintenance Strategy Selection using Fuzzy Delphi Method in Royal Malaysian Air Force
Authors: Ahmad Shahizan , Kasmuri Norhafezah , Ismail Nor Asyikin , Miskon Mohd Fuad , Ramli Nor Hanuni
Published: April 2022

The proper maintenance strategy is significant in extending assets and equipment, thus saving maintenance within an organization. Currently, there are three types of maintenance strategies implemented in the Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF), namely Reactive Maintenance (RM), Preventive Maintenance (PM), and Condition Based Maintenance (CBM). Due to the constraints in terms of maintenance costs by RMAF, choosing the right maintenance strategy is important to ensure that the maintenance provision can be optimized. In this research study, the Fuzzy Delphi Method has been used as a tool in determining the most effective maintenance strategies to be adopted by the RMAF. The output of agreement and opinion from experts in the related field has been used to select the appropriate maintenance strategy. In choosing this maintenance strategy, goals are set first in line with RMAF maintenance’s objectives. The specified maintenance goals are as follows; low maintenance cost, reducing the chance of a breakdown, safety, feasibility on the acceptance by labor, and response time starting from failure. Later, the result showed that the fuzzy score for RM, PM, and CBM was 0.747, 0.789, and 0.767, respectively. The highest fuzzy score showed the most accepted method chosen by the expert. Based on the result and maintenance goals that have been outlined, experts have agreed to choose PM as a maintenance method that should be given priority to be implemented in RMAF compared to other maintenance methods due to the highest fuzzy score.
A Systematic Review of Antimicrobial Peptides from Fish with Anticancer Properties
Authors: Najm Ahmed Abdulkareem , Azfaralarriff Ahmad , Eziwar Dyari Herryawan Ryadi , Syed Alwi Sharifah Sakinah , Khalili Nahid , Othman Babul Airianah , Law Douglas , Shahid Muhammad , Fazry Shazrul
Published: April 2022

Fish is a potential source of various forms of bioactive compounds. It can be used as a source of specific proteins, especially in medicine. Recently, studies related to the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from fish are being carried out to find an alternative cure for cancer. To achieve this objective, the AMP used must meet a condition where it possesses the ability to target tumor cells without affecting the normal cell. Therefore, this study aims to systematically review and classify the recent AMPs isolated from fish and their therapeutic activities, focusing on their anticancer and antimicrobial activities. A systematic review of studies published in English between 2017 and 2020 was conducted in PubMed NCBI, Biomed Central, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases using keywords and inclusion and exclusion criteria. A systematic review conducted has identified 38 potential AMPs isolated from fish that have been reported to have antimicrobials activity. Of all of these, 21 AMPs also have anticancer properties. Therefore, it is important to continue to explore and study natural ingredients in developing new approaches in medicine. This research is essential to enable the potential of AMPs to be identified and applied.
DESIGN OF SCC MIXES BASED ON ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT – SP COMPATIBILITY STUDIES.
Authors: ASHAR SAYEED , SURESH S. , NANJUNDAPPA N. , DATTATREYA J. K.
Published: April 2022

In The present study 4 superplasticizers were used and on the basis of the workability test on cement paste two SP’s were selected for further studies and to compare their effects on mortar properties such as workability, compressive strength, water reduction and tensile strength. Two different mortar mixes (1:1.5 & 1:2) were tested for three values of w/c ratio (0.3,0.35,and 0.4) for varying SP dosage i.e. from 0.6 to 2%. Further Design of Self Compacting Concrete by replacing Fly ash is proposed and the studies on fresh and hardened properties were conducted. The results showed that PCE type Superplasticizer is performing better than SNF type in terms of workability.
Psihološki poremećaji kroz cjeloživotni razvoj / Psychological Disorders across the Life Span
Authors: Alispahić Sabina , Hasanbegović-Anić Enedina , Tuce Đenita
Published: April 2022

Psychological well-being is an integral part of human ability to lead a fulfilled life, which implies the ability to form and maintain  nterpersonal relationships, learning, work, or engaging in various activities and hobbies, and the ability to make decisions or make life choices on a daily basis. The World Health Organization recognized the importance of psychological well-being by defining health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not just as absence of disease or helplessness. Contrary to well-being, psychological abnormality can occur to everyone and greatly undermine day-to-day functioning. Prevalence of psychological disorders in BiH is similar to worldwide prevalence: mostly anxious and somatic disorders are present, followed by mood disorders, schizophrenia and personality disorders. The development of psychological disorders is caused by the presence of many risk and protective factors. One of the possible ways of looking at the risk and protective factors is through the developmental perspective which is presented in this paper. It is difficult to set the boundary between child / adolescent and adult psychopathology; it would actually be more useful when it would not exist in the conceptual sense. To truly understand the risks of developing psychopathology, it is necessary for theoreticians and researchers to take a look at psychological disorders through a lifelong perspective.
Genocid nad Bošnjacima Srebrenice 1995. godine / Genocide against Srebrenica Bosniaks in 1995
Authors: Pejanović Mirko
Published: April 2022

A small town Srebrenica, located in the eastern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina became globally known after the genocide of 8.372 Bosniaks in July 1995. Three months before the Dayton peace agreement was signed, in November of 1995, the Army of Republika Srpska troops led by General Ratko Mladic committed genocide. Other than killing over 8.000 Bosniak men, they persecuted thousands of Srebrenica inhabitants. Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić have been sentenced to life in jail for the crime of genocide committed in Srebrenica. While the international institutions and the European Union recognize this crime and work proactively on remedying its consequences, the Republic of Serbia and Republika Srpska are facing deep social and political negation of the Srebrenica genocide. This denial has been an obstacle for rebuilding the trust between Serbs and Bosniaks in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the West Balkans in general. Meanwhile, Srebrenica and its adjoining villages lack wide and systematic support for the durable return of its displaced inhabitants. There was a failed attempt in 2007 to give the city a special administrative status as a way towards reviving it. This paper will critically analyze the approach of the Bosnian and Herzegovinian, EU, and international institutions as well as that ofneigh-boring countries towards a durable and sustainable return to Srebrenica, its economic and cultural development between 1996. and 2020. This paper argues for giving Srebrenica a special status in order to promote its development supported by a law that would ensure a solidarity fund for its development.
Bosna: ni srpska, ni hrvatska, ni muslimanska, već bosanska! / Bosnia: neither Serbian, nor Croatian, nor Muslim, but Bosnian!
Authors: Durmišević Enes
Published: April 2022

This text is a review of Proceedings 75. godišnjica Trećeg zasjedanja ZAVNOBiH-a: uloga Trećeg zasjedanja ZAVNOBiH-a u društvenom i političkom razvoju Bosne i Hercegovine (Academy of Sciences and Arts, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, 2020, pp. 280).
Pravo pristupa podacima u službenoj evidenciji / The Right to Access Official Records Data
Authors: Ajanović Enver
Published: April 2022

The BiH Parliamentary Assembly adopted the Law on Freedom of Access to Information in BiH in 2000 and amended it in 2006, 2009, 2011 and 2013. In the Law’s preamble, only Article IV paragraph 4 under item a) of the Constitution of BiH is determined as a formal legal basis. The preamble does not contain a substantive legal basis, as there is no clear explicit legal basis for this law in the BiH Constitution. An indirect legal basis is contained in the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms in the provision on freedom of expression, as this freedom includes the freedom to receive and impart information. Only the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights contains the true legal basis for this law. In accordance with the administrative work of performing other administrative and professional tasks and the purpose of this general legal act, it is necessary to change its name to the Law on the Right of Access to Data in Official Records.
O ljudskim civilizacijama / About Human Civilizations
Authors: Fejzić Čengić Fahira
Published: April 2022

This text is a review of a book by Prof. Dr. Stevo Nikić History of Civilizations, Adriatic Bar University, Faculty of Mediterranean Business Studies Tivat, Maritime Faculty, Bar, 2020.
Pozicija medija u nijansama submisivnih odnosa sa društvom, javnosti, kulturom i vlastima / Position of the Media in the Shades of Submissive Relation with Society, Public, Culture and Authorities
Authors: Porča Dženan
Published: April 2022

It's considered obligation to show the realistic and appropriate position of the media today, through their characteristics, strength, power, all the way to the distinctive range of relationships in which they find themselves. The key question as a guide in this sense is - what the media really are, and what is their connection with the authorities (politics), how strong is the link between the media and the authorities, and in the end what are the advantages/benefits, and what harms this bond between them produces for both sides. Then it's important to analyze the connection between these occurrences, which are undeniably intertwined with the media and the authorities, and their employees (on both sides), and what can be consistently supported by a couple of examples, which are today a handful of global diversity, as well as within local and regional centers. It's also important to touch on the inevitable topic of the market, the role of the media in the market and the opportunities it provides to both – the media and those who uses it. Important is the industrial culture as a reflection of media content, thanks to which today we have a lot of offers, demand and choices (something like a buffet – something for everyone), which has developed under the influence of the media and is successfully developing every day, reform and expand. It's necessary to reiterate the indisputable facts that unequivocally indicate that the media, in their absolute power, are trying to be used to their full capacity. But with certainty, it can be said, there are few who notice how much it affects each person individually in a negative connotative sense, but also human communities around the world, by changing, distorting, transforming, blurring social values. On the other hand, due to their extremely great power and potential, the media are desirable to almost everyone, and certainly most to the political elites.
Uz knjigu prof. dr. Ive Komšića / Accompaniment to a Book by Prof. Dr. Ivo Komšić
Authors: Lavić Senadin
Published: April 2022

This text is a review of a book Tuđmanov haški profil. Udruženi zločinački poduhvat na BiH (Tuđman's Hague Profile - Joint Criminal Enterprise in BiH) by Prof. Dr. Ivo Komšić, Zagreb, Sarajevo: Sinopsis, 2021.
Pisanje skraćenica za stručna zvanja novijeg datuma / Writing Abbreviations for Professional Titles of Recent Date
Authors: Ćušić Tarik
Published: April 2022

One of the novelties brought by the Bologna process are the names of academic and professional titles that are acquired upon completion of a certain cycle of studies, primarily the first and second cycles. A special issue is writing abbreviations for those titles. This paper discusses the legal solutions of Bosnia and Herzegovina that prescribe the way of writing abbreviations for professional titles of recent date, at the state and entity levels, as well as in the cantons, and language solutions on this issue given in recent spelling manuals of official languages in BiH, and especially in Bosnian orthography from 2017. The analysis of these two solutions shows that laws and spellings in different ways regulate and standardize the writing of abbreviations for professional titles of more recent date.
4D Scheduling and Simulation of G+3 Storey Residential Building Using Power Project Software
Authors: Jeevanandham V  , Anand T
Published: April 2022

The report focuses on the attributes in which is try to explain our experience in a construction project using 4D Elecosoft power project software. The main aim of our project work is to design a G+3 residential building model using power project with 4D power project software. The knowledge which we have gained in our classes is helpful in designing and analyzing a construction project using 4D power project which makes the project easier to finish it and mark the delay of the construction and I gained lot of ideas regarding 4D power project software and their purpose in the recent era of construction projects. I have also found how a BIM or 4D power project software can make a project easier and earlier.
Existe um Capitalismo Cultural? Reflexões sobre o realismo capitalista de Mark Fisher
Authors: Oltramari Leandro
Published: April 2022

.
Análise de uma experiência envolvendo a Codocência no contexto do Programa de Residência Pedagógica, seus impactos na formação docente e no desenvolvimento do ensino
Authors: Corrêa da Silva Marcos , Fernandes João Paulo , Gomes Rodrigues Martins Isabel
Published: April 2022

O presente trabalho apresenta a análise de uma experiência de codocência no ensino de física realizada numa escola de nível médio localizada na Região Serrana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Essa experiência visa a promover diálogos entre os atores envolvidos na formação e, desta forma, o desenvolvimento profissional dos professores e o engajamento dos alunos. As atividades se desenvolveram no contexto do Programa de Residência Pedagógica do Curso de Licenciatura em Física do Cefet-RJ campus Petrópolis e envolveu licenciandos, professores da escola da educação básica parceira e professores universitários. Foi dada ênfase a uma situação de aprendizagem na qual a relação entre os professores que co-ensinavam e seus estudantes estava mediada pela manipulação de um modelo experimental. Os resultados apontam para o potencial da codocência em promover mudanças nos processos de ensino, através das relações de confiança e respeito estabelecidas entre os sujeitos, ao mesmo tempo que revelam aspectos do uso de experimentos como mediadores na relação professor-aluno, produzindo efeitos de motivação, participação e engajamento com a atividade.
Competitive Efficiency of Foreign Cereal Trade Between Kazakhstan and China
Authors: Nurgazina Zh. , Ali U.
Published: April 2022

Cereal trade is an important means of managing global food demand and maintaining national food security. Trade-in cereal and other agricultural products are becoming an increasingly important way of managing resources between countries with rich resources and countries with limited resources. Grain production is the sector with the highest priority in the development of agriculture in Kazakhstan, while China is the world’s leading cereal producer and consumer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the development of foreign trade with cereal between Kazakhstan and China by using the empirical data given by UN COMTRADE to highlight its efficiency by type of cereal traded from 2009 to 2018. The study used Revealed Comparative Advantage and Import Coverage indexes to achieve its goal. The results revealed that Kazakhstan’s most productive foreign trade has been achieved for wheat, barley, and rice, while the most productive cereals of China are rice, buckwheat, and sorghum. Moreover, there is no direct competition on cereal between Kazakhstan and China in international trade. This study has led to the conclusion that Kazakhstan intends to trade more cereals with high export value, low import value, high positive trade balance, high coverage index, and highly competitive advantages in foreign trade. Kazakhstan should make use of comparative advantages to optimize the structure of grain trade in bilateral trade. Consequently, China must increase its cereal production potential through improved yields, so that it can only enter foreign markets under exceptional circumstances.
The Impact of Mortgage Loans on Housing Affordability in Kazakhstan
Authors: Anessova A. G. , Adambekova А. А. , Abdullaeva B. A.
Published: April 2022

According to the Bureau of National Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan, there are 287 premises per thousand inhabitants in Kazakhstan regarding the number of residential premises and the average annual population. The problem of urgent housing need in Kazakhstan is being solved by the accelerated development of housing construction and by state programs for concessional lending. Housing affordability is one of the pressing issues of the socio-economic policy of any state. One of these programs is “NurlyZher”. The main measures of state support are aimed at the construction of affordable housing for the general population. To solve housing affordability issues, the “7-20-25” program was developed in 2018, which has the most significant demand. Therefore, it is essential to understand whether the population can take out a mortgage. This study builds on research by the Center for Applied Economics Research (AERC) on housing affordability in the country. This study uses two indicators, HPI and HPA, calculated for significant cities and regions. For the calculations, the official statistics of the BNS between 2015 – 2020 were used. According to results based on the HPI indicator, residents cannot save for housing with an average salary without tak-ing into account expenses. The HPA indicator for four mortgage programs, “7-20-25” was more accessible. However, calculations were made on average data, but in practice individually. The programs developed by the state are effective since the situation with the affordability of housing has improved over the past five years.
The Main Trends in the Formation of the Internet Space and Information Society in Kazakhstan
Authors: Oralova S. Sh.
Published: April 2022

The article reveals the problems of the information space of Kazakhstan, which is undergoing significant changes related both to the political events that have recently occurred in the world and to the rapid development and widespread use of new Internet technologies. Today, the telecommunications services sector is one of the main directions of the economy, on the effective operation of which the functioning and coordinated work of all state systems depend. The development of the telecommunications services sector is not only a key factor of economic growth but also a necessary condition for the development of the country’s economy in the context of globalization. The purpose of the study is to analyze the data of the main agents of the information environment, the level of development of the subjects of the telecommunications sector and to determine the main trends in the development of the Internet space. The methodological basis of the study was made by general scientific methods of economic, statistical, logical, and analytical analysis, the system method, synthesis. Based on the conducted research, it turns out that the development of the information environment is an intersectoral, interdepartmental, and state task that requires coordination of the actions of many participants in this process. The influence of the information environment on the business community of the country and the economy of Kazakhstan has increased and requires an understanding of the trajectories of its development. The interest to researchers of the information environment and business practitioners interested in the market of Kazakhstan.
LEVANTAMENTO ENTOMOLÓGICO EM ÁREA DE CAATINGA COMO BIOINDICADOR DE QUALIDADE AMBIENTAL
Authors: Da Silva Santos Thaíse
Published: April 2022

Organismos vivos como os insetos, podem ser utilizados como bioindicadores de qualidade ambiental. Assim, este estudo preliminar objetivou realizar o levantamento da entomofauna de um fragmento do bioma Caatinga voltado à realização de atividades agrícolas a fim de averiguar a sua integridade. O levantamento foi executado em uma área de sítio situada na zona rural do município de Batalha – Alagoas e como armadilha para atrair os insetos, utilizou-se uma luz de LED branca de 220 volts instalada no exterior do domicílio da propriedade. Os animais capturados durante os três dias de coleta foram triados, identificados por meio de chaves entomológicas e foram submetidos ao índice adap-tado de Shannon-Wiener (H’) considerando a uniformidade quantitativa de cada família bem como a mais abundante. Foram coletados 319 exemplares da classe Insecta, sendo Scarabaeidae a família com maior abundância. O índice de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener (H’) apresentou o valor de H’= 0,3970, um número consideravelmente baixo ao se tratar da diversidade biológica de uma determinada localidade. Através dos dados obtidos com este estudo preliminar, é possível concluir que a área fragmentada de bioma Caatinga na qual foi realizada o levantamento entomológico apre-sentou baixa biodiversidade associada aos insetos podendo, supostamente, ser um indício de um ambiente natural degradado ou pouco conservado. Com isso, almeja-se que seja realizado o acompanhamento das condições ambien-tais da localidade por meio do desenvolvimento de outros estudos mediante a exploração de novos pontos da área e da utilização de diferentes tipos de armadilhas e por um período maior de coleta.
Wenn der Himmel die Schleusen öffnet…
Authors: Meyers Annette , Boer Jens de , Tiemann Yannick
Published: April 2022

Wassersensible Stadtentwicklung rückt durch die Zunahme von Starkregen verstärkt in den Fokus der Stadtentwickler. Gerade für dicht besiedelte Gebiete ist es durch einen relativ hohen Versiegelungsgrad herausfordernd, die geballt auftretende Regenmenge abzuleiten oder zu versickern.
Elektronikhandel droht Umsatzdelle
Authors: Klug Denise , Chernobylskaya Mayya
Published: April 2022

Eine gedrückte Verbraucherstimmung und Lieferengpässe setzen der Elektronikbranche zu. Volle Lager verschaffen den Händlern derzeit noch Luft.
Käse und Fett werden teurer
Authors: Lenders Dirk , Murmann Christoph
Published: April 2022

Die Lage am Milchmarkt ist angespannt. Einer steigenden Nachfrage steht ein niedrigeres Angebot gegenüber. Ostern und der Mangel an Raps- und Sonnenblumenöl lassen den Preis für Butter deutlich steigen.
Inflation trübt Aussichten von Feinkostherstellern
Authors: Krost Heidrun
Published: April 2022

Delikatessprodukte sind schon immer eine Frage des Geldbeutels. Aktuell trüben der Ukraine-Krieg und die hohe Teuerungsrate die Lust auf Feinkost – anhaltend glauben Marktexperten.
Besonders netztauglich
Authors: Felger Ulrike
Published: April 2022

Neue Gourmet-Onlineshops sind zuletzt wie Pilze aus dem Boden geschossen. Viele davon sind Marketing-getrieben. Es fehlt an Warenwissen, und jetzt wirkt auch noch die Inflation. Ulrike Felger
Kritik an Abgabe auf Einwegplastik
Authors: Wenzel Horst
Published: April 2022

Die Reinigung des öffentlichen Raums von weggeworfenem Einwegplastik soll ab 2024 von Inverkehrbringern bezahlt werden. Verpackungshersteller lehnen eine Finanzierung per Sonderabgabe in einen Staatsfonds ab.
Memosens 2.0 goes IIoT
Authors: Andritschke Nico
Published: April 2022

Die Erfolgsgeschichte begann vor 17 Jahren mit der erfolgreichen Markteinführung von Memosens und der ersten digitalen pH-Prozessmessstelle auf dem Weltmarkt. 2021 stellt Endress+Hauser nun die nächste Generation digitaler Analysemesstechnik vor.
Ströme der Erde – Teil 7: Die Wolga
Authors: Berger Wolfgang
Published: April 2022

Ihren Ursprung hat die Wolga im Bezirk Twer, im Nordwesten Russlands. Auf gut 3.500 km Länge fließt sie durch Kasan und Wolgograd in Richtung Kaspisches Meer.
Nahrung vor Ökologie
Authors: Schirmacher Henrike
Published: April 2022

Berlin. Bund und Länder ringen um die Freigabe von Flächen für die Nahrungsproduktion. Erste Umrisse für einen Kompromiss zeichnen sich ab.
„Bodenverdichtungen sind Fehler“
Authors: König Inge
Published: April 2022

Trotz hoher Dieselpreise und attraktiver Zuschüsse fahren weniger als ein Prozent der Traktoren mit variablem Reifendruck. Das schadet dem Boden und dem Klima. Ein Gespräch mit Traktionsexperte Professor Ludwig Volk.
Development of Instrumentation Adapted by C.M.M.S. Dedicate to Poly-articulated Mechanisms
Authors: BENMISRA ABDELKADER , BELAIDI Hadjira , BELAIDI Abderahmane , BRAHIMI Abdelhalim , IRKI Moufida
Published: April 2022

Abstract: In this article three study phases have been discussed: Landing phase of a civil transport aircraft,when part of the flow entering the reactors is redirected by thrust reversers. Phase of the functional andtechnical study of which reflects on the aircraft maintenance component, without forgetting the phase ofsynthesis of the landing system mechanisms. The approach presented relates to the description of thedifferent instruments and languages used for the control of vibratory behavior in a maintenance plan. Activedevices are used mainly in systems where the excitation acts permanently on the system and the minimizationof the amplitude of the vibrations is the dominant criterion. This is the reason why it is important to plan andcontrol the technical aspect which will contain the landing system from the point of view of geometry, torques,positions, speeds and accelerations, and trajectories from the mechanism design phase.Keywords: Synthesis of mechanisms, Measurement and Instrumentation, CAD Prototype
Voltage Sensorless Direct Power Control for PWM Rectifier Under Distorted Network Using Improved Virtual Flux Estimator
Authors: DJABALI Sarah , AIT HAMOU ALI Melissa , AMMAR Abdelkarim
Published: April 2022

Generally, AC-DC conversion system in the power system use the diode-bridge based rectifiers that cannot be reversible and causes high current distortion. Besides, they reduce the power factor and energy quality. recently, the application of three-phase pulse width modulation (PWM) rectifier has been risen quickly due to breakthrough advancement in the power devices. This converter offers sinusoidal input currents and minimized harmonic distortion and unity power factor. This work presents an improved sensorless control for performance enhancement purpose of the PWM-rectifier. The proposed control strategy uses the virtual flux principle with second-order generalized integrator (SOGI) in order to overcome the accompanying drawbacks of using pure integrator of low-pass filters for estimation. The integration of improved virtual flux estimator with direct power control saves the cost of using many voltage sensors which can increase the reliability and effectivity of the control system. Moreover, it improves control robustness and against highly distorted network. The different proposed approaches have been investigated through simulation using MATLAB/Simulink software.
Lorlatinib (Lorbrena)
Authors: Reimbursement Team
Published: April 2022

CADTH recommends that Lorbrena should be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of adult patients with ALK-positive locally advanced or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) if certain conditions are met.

Lorbrena should only be covered to treat adult patients with ALK-positive NSCLC who are diagnosed when their cancer has spread to lymph nodes (locally advanced disease) or other parts of the body (metastatic disease) and who have had no prior systemic treatment for advanced or metastatic NSCLC.

Lorbrena should only be reimbursed by public drug plans when used as a single drug. It should be prescribed by an oncologist with experience in the treatment of ALK-positive NSCLC although thereafter it can be given in an outpatient clinic by the patient’s health care team. The cost of Lorbrena should not be higher than the cost of treatment with alectinib or brigatinib for these patients.
Measurement of Microfibril Angle Using X-Ray Diffraction and Light Microscope on 5-year-old Super and Conventional Teak Wood
Authors: Setiowati Setiowati , Damayanti Ratih , Pandit I. Ketut N. , Febrianto Fauzi , Pari Gustan
Published: April 2022

The long   harvest time  causes the   processing  industry  manufactured  from   teak  wood (Tectona  grandis L.  f.)  has experienced  a lot of declines. To overcome this  problem,  currently,  in Indonesia  many types  of fast-growing  teak  have been developed, one of which is Jati Unggul Nusantara (JUN). Trees that  are accelerated in growth, are likely to cause changes in their  anatomical  structure. The anatomical  structure of wood is one of the  basic  properties  that  greatly influences  the  use of wood as a raw  material. Even small changes in cell shape and size can change the  properties of wood as a raw  material. One of the  anatomical  structures of wood, namely the  ultramicroscopic  structure that  affects the  quality  of wood, is the  microfibril angle (MFA). The purpose of this  study is to determine  the  MFA of JUN at the  planned cutting  age of 5 years, compared to conventional teak at  the  same age. There are two  methods used, namely using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and measuring the elongation  of  the  pit  apertures slope of  the  fiber  cells using  a light  microscope,  which was obtained from  the  maceration process. As  a result, JUN's MFA is 22.09°, smaller than  the  conventional teak of 25.29°. This is because JUN was developed from  top  cuttings  so  although  still  young, it  already  reflects  the   characteristics  of  mature teak. The results of  the  MFA measurements on  JUN using two  methods (XRD and light microscope), resulted different values. It is different from  the  MFA measurement results on  conventional teak. It is recommended to  measure the MFA in JUN wood by  using XRD, because possibly, due to accelerated  growth, simple pits with an  oval shape turn  into circular. This difference causes the  results of the JUN MFA measurement using a light microscope based on the  pit apertures slope to be  inconsistent, subjective, and different results  in  other  pits   contained  in  the   fiber   even  though they  are  closely  associated. However,  in  conventional  teak, measurements using a light microscope are possible because the  shape of the  pit is oval so  that  the  slope of the  elongation of the  pit aperture can be  determined easily, and is more consistent with more uniform values in the  same individual fiber
Desenvolvimento: conceito ou ideologia?
Authors: Assis Tomporoski Alexandre
Published: April 2022

Os múltiplos discursos e as mais variadas adjetivações do termo desenvolvimento indicam a ambivalência dessa terminologia, o que coloca em jogo os pressupostos epistemológicos a partir dos quais se pretende afirmar a cientificidade discursiva a seu respeito. Diante disso, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a constituição da noção de desenvolvimento e sua suposta consistência conceitual na composição de um discurso científico sistemático e suficiente. Também, procura-se demonstrar a condição eminentemente ideológica que os desdobramentos dos discursos sobre desenvolvimento possuem. Em função do debate que perpassa o artigo, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, empregada por meio da investigação de material teórico vinculado à temática. Considera-se que a trajetória da terminologia em estudo expressa ausência de percurso histórico-epistemológico suficiente para figurá-la como conceito consistente. Ademais, a palavra possui caráter eminentemente ideológico, vinculado ao contexto pós Segunda Guerra e à expansão do capitalismo, cuja caracterização atual está intrinsecamente vinculada ao dogma do mercado.
Effects of support from innovation and development agencies: a case study on companies awarded by Tecnova 13/2013 – FAPEMIG
Authors: Granier Cunha Narrayra , Moreira Silva João Paulo , de Oliveira Guimarães Liliane , Prado Gimenez Fernando Antonio
Published: April 2022

Innovation plays an important role for the sustainability of small and medium enterprises - SME, as it enhances their competitive advantage. As one of the elements of government stimulus, the economic subsidy provides access to non-reimbursable financial resources. By means of documentary research, interviews, and direct observation, this study sought to understand the effects of fostering innovation for SMEs awarded by the Tecnova Edict 13/2013, a partnership between FINEP and FAPEMIG. As a result, it was confirmed that government support represents a fundamental instrument for the development of SMEs, offering them opportunities to acquire materials and technologies, train human resources, and facilitate the building of partnerships. The research also identified factors that make it difficult to carry out research and development activities in this segment of organizations. Although hindering elements of the innovation process were highlighted, it was found that government support is fundamental to the promotion of innovation
Una comparación entre el ensayo post-neoliberal de Brasil y la continuidad neoliberal de México (2003-2015): ¿cuánto difieren realmente?
Authors: Zunino Antonino
Published: April 2022

Este artigo resume alguns resultados de nossa pesquisa comparativa sobre o desenvolvimento socioeconômico do Brasil e do México entre 2003 e 2015. Tentamos determinar em que medida diferiram as estratégias e resultados de seus respectivos governos (progressistas no primeiro caso, e neoliberais no segundo), analisando se houve mudanças substantivas nos modelos de desenvolvimento de cada um. Caracterizamos o modelo vigente nesses dois países durante a fase atual do capitalismo latino-americano, descrevemos as principais diferenças na política implementada por cada governo e comparamos os resultados alcançados em cada país em termos de desenvolvimento social, inserção externa e desenvolvimento industrial. Concluímos que houve diferenças relevantes na política implementada, o que explica os melhores resultados sociais no Brasil. No entanto, nenhum deles mostra mudanças nas características mais estruturais do modelo. Ao contrário, ambos reforçaram sua inserção externa dependente e seu limitado desenvolvimento industrial.
Nós somos a comunidade! prevenção do trabalho escravo em Redes Globais de Produção na Amazônia Oriental
Authors: Trindade Maranhão Costa Patrícia
Published: April 2022

Analiso uma estratégia de prevenção do trabalho escravo implementada por uma organização brasileira não governamental em comunidades vulneráveis ao problema no oeste do estado do Maranhão. A análise baseia-se na observação do projeto “Rede de Ação Integrada de Combate à Escravidão”, implementado em 2017, cujas ações visam construir capacidades individuais e coletivas para reduzir vulnerabilidades para o trabalho escavo. Em 2020, elas adquiriram o propósito adicional de fortalecer a resiliência comunitária para sobreviver aos impactos da pandemia da COVID-19, mantendo o objetivo de transformar pessoas vulneráveis em agentes de direitos, cientes do seu valor social. O artigo contribui para os estudos sobre formas contemporâneas de escravidão associadas às Redes Globais de Produção, apresentando uma resposta original a um problema que reflete os termos adversos da incorporação dos territórios amazônicos na lógica de produção capitalista global.