bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vaikų daugiasistemio uždegimo sindromo atvejų analizė Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto ligoninės Kauno klinikų Vaikų ligų klinikoje
Authors: Kiaunytė Saulė , Siratavičienė Aurelija , Šileikienė Rima
Published: June 2022

Europoje COVID-19 pandemijos pradžia siejama su 2020 m. pradžia. Skirtingai nei suaugusieji, vaikai dažniausiai serga lengva arba besimptome COVID-19 ligos forma. Tačiau šiandien jau žinoma, kad nedidelei daliai vaikų, užsikrėtusių COVID-19 infekcija, praėjus 2–6 savaitėms po susidūrimo su virusu, gali pasireikšti sunkus daugiasistemis uždegimo sindromas. Tyrimo tikslas. Išanalizuoti Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto ligoninės Kauno klinikų Vaikų ligų klinikoje gydytų vaikų, kuriems diagnozuotas daugiasistemis uždegimo sindromas, kliniką, ligos eigą, baigtis. Metodika. Tyrimas atliktas Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto ligoninės Kauno klinikų Vaikų ligų klinikoje. Į tyrimą įtraukti 35 pacientai, kurie nuo 2020 m. lapkričio iki 2022 m. vasario mėn. tirti ir gydyti dėl vaikų daugiasistemio uždegimo sindromo. Tyrimo metu buvo renkami ir analizuojami pacientų duomenys. Duomenų analizė atlikta pasitelkiant „IBM SPSS 28.0.0.0“ statistinę programą bei „Microsoft Excel“ programą. Rezultatai. Dažniausi vaikų, sirgusių daugiasistemiu uždegimo sindromu, simptomai buvo užsitęsęs febrilus karščiavimas, virškinamojo trakto simptomai, širdies pažaida, bėrimai odoje, eksikozės požymiai. Visiems tiriamiesiems buvo nustatyti teigiami IgG prieš SARS-CoV-2. Atliktuose kraujo tyrimuose rasti padidėję uždegiminiai rodikliai. Beveik visiems tiriamiesiems buvo skirtas gydymas geriamaisiais gliukokortikoidais, kiek mažiau nei pusei – intraveniniu imunoglobulinu G.
Dermatoskopijos galimybės pirminėje sveikatos priežiūroje
Authors: Čeidaitė Rūta , Bagdonienė Jorūnė , Bertašiūtė Kamilė , Alšauskė Silvija Valdonė , Aladaitienė Greta
Published: June 2022

Tyrimo tikslas. Įvertinti dermatoskopijos naudą pirminėje sveikatos priežiūroje. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1) įvertinti dermatoskopijos panaudojimo dažnį pirminėje sveikatos priežiūroje; 2) palyginti dermatoskopo naudojimo veiksmingumą pirminėje sveikatos priežiūroje; 3) apžvelgti, koks paruošimas yra reikalingas pirminės sveikatos priežiūros specialistams, kad tyrimas dermatoskopu būtų tikslus. Tyrimo metodai. Išanalizuoti 43 moksliniai straipsniai, kuriuose nagrinėtas dermatoskopijos pritaikymas pirminėje sveikatos priežiūroje. Apžvelgti straipsniai publikuoti 2012–2022 m., kurių reikšminiai žodžiai: dermatoscopy, dermoscopy, dermatologists, primary health care, family physicians, family doctor, general practitioner, melanoma, skin neoplasms, training, family medicine. Naudotos duomenų bazių („Medline“, „PubMed“, „ClinicalKey“, „ScienceDirect“ ir kt.) paieškos sistemos. Neįtraukti straipsniai, kuriuose vertintas dermatoskopijos pritaikymas kitų (ne šeimos gydytojų) specialistų praktikoje. Išvados. Didžiojoje pasaulio dalyje dermatoskopijos tyrimas nėra plačiai paplitęs tarp pirminės sveikatos priežiūros gydytojų, o populiarumas koreliuoja su odos vėžio dažniu. Dermatoskopija pirminėje sveikatos priežiūros grandyje leidžia anksčiau ir tiksliau įtarti vėžinę odos ligą. Tinkamam tyrimo atlikimui būtini mokymai, o juose įgytiems įgūdžiams palaikyti reikėtų kursus kartoti periodiškai.
Natūralus maitinimas. Papildomi produktai, jų davimo terminai ir pagrįstumas
Authors: Kudzytė Jolanta
Published: June 2022

Naujagimystės laikotarpis prasideda vos gimus ir trunka keturias savaites – iki pirmojo mėnesio pabaigos. Tai pažeidžiamiausias žmogaus gyvenimo laikotarpis, nes gimęs kūdikis patenka į visai naują aplinką, priekurios turi prisitaikyti. Svarbiausia šiuo laikotarpiu – naujagimį tinkamai maitinti, kai sveikos gimdyvės sveikas naujagimis pamaitinamas per 0,5 val. po gimimo. Vėliau jis turi būti kartu su savo motina ir maitinamas motinos pienu iš krūties 8–12 kartų per parą, laisvu grafiku, pagal poreikius. Per 10–21 dieną kiekvienas naujagimis susiformuoja tik jam tinkantį mitybos režimą ir nedaug nukrypdamas jo laikosi keletą mėnesių. Krūtį naujagimis turėtų žįsti 20–30 min. Būtina žindyti ir nakties metu.
RESEÑA LIBRO: Greener Solvents in Conservation: An Introductory Guide
Authors: Chércoles Ruth
Published: June 2022

Handbook: Greener Solvents in Conservation: An Introductory Guide

Editor: Gwendoline R. FifeEditorial: Archetype Pubns ISBN: 9781909492844

Dimensiones: 156 x 234mmPaginas: 88Ilustraciones:22Publicado: Diciembre 2021

Descarga gratuita en: https://siconserve.wpengine.com/greener-solvents/greener-solvents-hand-book/
Red color characterization in several Roman frescos and paintings by in situ and remote LIBS, LIF and Raman Spectroscopies
Authors: Fantoni Roberta , Lazic Violeta , Colao Francesco , Almaviva Salvatore , Puiu Adriana
Published: June 2022

Nowadays, in situ pigments characterization on a cultural heritage relevant surface is possible by using combined laser spectroscopies which are suitable to detect at high resolution both molecular (Raman, LIF) and atomic sample composition (LIBS), the latter with stratigraphic capabilities and high sensitivity for trace detection. Their applications are here reported regarding the identification of historical pigments and dyes on different substrates, particularly in wall paintings, from pre-historic times up to the XIXth century when the use of synthetic substances became common. In this paper attention is focused on red colors, known since antiquity for the additional ritual and medical use. Their pictorial use along the centuries is shown and in selected cases provenances hypothesis, based on historical information, could be supported by results of composition analysis and elemental trace detection made possible by the application of laser technologies.
III Jornadas Científicas Internacionales sobre Investigación para la Conservación del Patrimonio Cultural
Authors: Becerra Luna Javier
Published: June 2022

Dentro de la voluntad de llevar a cabo una mayor difusión de las nuevas metodologías aplicadas a este campo de estudio, el Instituto Nacional del Patrimonio Cultural de Ecuador y la Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO) de Sevilla organizaron las III Jornadas Científicas Internacionales sobre Investigación para la Conservación del Patrimonio Cultural, celebrada del 10 al 11 de diciembre de 2020 en Quito, y retransmitidas a través de la plataforma asociada al Máster de Diagnóstico del Estado de Conservación del Patrimonio Histórico de la UPO en directo para más de 400 participantes internacionales. Durante las jornadas se impartieron 21 ponencias invitadas en las que se mostró el estado de desarrollo de las nuevas técnicas de diagnóstico y caracterización de Bienes Culturales, así como de las nuevas metodologías para el estudio de riesgos y vulnerabilidad.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Berbasis Discovery Learning pada Materi Sistem Pernapasan Manusia Kelas VII SMP
Authors: Oktavius Yoseph Tuta Mago  , Agustina Yati  , Yohanes Nong Bunga
Published: June 2022

Lembar kerja peserta didik (LKPD) dapat membantu guru untuk mengarahkan peserta didik agar menemukan konsep-konsep melalui aktivitas kelompok atau individu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan mengkaji validitas lembar kerja peserta didik berbasis discovery learning pada materi sistem pernapasan manusia kelas VIII SMP. Penelitian pengembangan ini mengacu pada model pengembangan Lima Tahap (MANTAP) level 1 yang terdiri dari, tahap pendahuluan, tahap pengembangan model dan tahap validasi. Produk berupa prototype LKPD divalidasi oleh 3 orang validator materi, 3 orang validator bahasa dan 2 orang validator grafis. Hasil analisis data validasi terakhir memperoleh nilai dari validator materi sebesar 99,19%, validator bahasa sebesar 96,66% dan validator grafis sebesar 95%. Ketiga nilai ini termasuk dalam kategori sangat valid. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian oleh validator, dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk prototype LKPD yang dikembangkan sangat valid. Prototype LKPD ini telah memenuhi syarat untuk dilanjutkan pada uji efektivitas dan kelayakan.

Kata Kunci: Discovery Learning, Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik, Prototype, Validitas
CRITERIA SEARCHES OF NATIONAL LITERARY CRITICISM
Authors: CAVADOVA Vüsalə
Published: June 2022

Azerbaijani literary criticism has its own specific traditions. The article examines the ideological and aesthetic values of a particular stage of literary criticism. The positive tendencies manifested in literary criticism in the 40s and 50s of the twentieth century, the principles of valuing classical and modern literary heritage are revealed. The role of individual literary critics in the literary process of the 40s and 50s is analyzed from an objective historical point of view. Literary-aesthetic thought is dynamic, lively and changeable. It changes in accordance with the socio- political conditions of the time and takes on a new form and content, trying to express the new currents of thought of the time. This change and development is especially important when it manifests itself in the approach to the subject of literary criticism, social events, philosophical and methodological directions are determined. These changes in literary criticism are a phenomenon of thinking, in accordance with the principles of worldview. The history of literary-theoretical thought is one of the basic humanities, which occupies a very important place and plays an active and influential role in the spiritual life of society. As a result, we can say that, as in all periods, the 40s and 50s of our history of criticism and literary criticism are dynamic, lively and changeable. Like in different periods, literary criticism has also played three important roles in the 40s and 50s: First, to explain the literary process, to assess it, to find the regularities of the literary process out, second, to disclose the aesthetic and ethical frameworks created by art, to trigger deep love in readers for them; third, to solve the necessary philosophical, sociological, ethical and aesthetic issues of life by the analysis of art events. Of course, if we evaluate the scientific-theoretical level of our aesthetic thought in the 40’s and 50’s with these three criteria, we can state that literary criticism and literary science have fulfilled their tasks in the literary process dignifiedly. As the foundation of the process leading to democratization in the 60s has started in the late 50’s, the renewal in literary criticism and literary science also occurred a while ago. We can also state that the breath of a new era in literary criticism and literary science has came with “Literary Thoughts” (1958) by M.J.Jafarov .
FUZULI'S POSITION IN THE HISTORY OF AZERBAIJANI LITERARY LANGUAGE IN TERMS OF ARABIC LEXICAL UNITS USED IN HIS LANGUAGE
Authors: SULEYMANOV Salman
Published: June 2022

The article shows that if the Azerbaijani literary language in the 16th century was the peak period of the medieval literary language, Fuzuli is the highest creative sample that has demonstrated all the potential of this language in his works. Fuzuli was able to successfully reveal the semantics of Turkish-Azerbaijani origin lexical units in his work, at the same time, he equally succeeded in discovering the semantics of Arabic origin lexical units of his language and their penetration into the Azerbaijani literary language. As a result of Fuzuli's art, Fuzuli's style, the Azerbaijani literary language obtained more communicative features in the 16th century, and played an essential role in the convergence of Western Turkic language with Eastern Turkic language. Thus, if a stylistically archaic word, in connection with a certain style, really ends its life once and for all, if the semantic meaning of that word is as long as the life of a certain style, on the contrary, an archaic word with its original meaning prolongs its life by acquiring new semantic shades. In this respect, it is interesting that in the history of our language there are poets like Fuzuli, whose original semantic meaning in a foreign language is more preserved in his language. And this, surely, depends on how familiar the poet is with the language he uses. In this sense, Fuzuli is one of such poets. Thus, we come across such Arabic lexical units in Fuzuli's language that they more retain their original semantic shades in Arabic. In this sense, there is no other poet in the history of our literary language who can be compared with Fuzuli.
Wie viel Tod darf sein?
Authors: Coors Michael
Published: June 2022

Wieviel Tod ist vermeidbar in einer Pandemie? Wieviel Tod soll vermieden werden und was sind wir als Gesellschaft bereit zu tun, um den Tod von Menschen zu verhindern? Der Beitrag von Michael Coors behandelt
Fragen der Medizinethik, aber auch Fragen der ›Public Health-Ethik‹ und damit zugleich Fragen der politischen Ethik.

How much death is preventable in a pandemic? How much death should be avoided and what are we as a society willing to do to prevent the death of people? The paper of Michael Coors deals with questions
of medical ethics, but also with questions of 'public health ethics' and thus at the same time with questions of political ethics.
Ethische Fragen der Priorisierung von SARS-CoV-2-Impfungen
Authors: Marckmann Georg
Published: June 2022

Die SARS-CoV-2-Impfung kann mit sehr hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit schwere COVID-19-Krankheitsverläufe und -Todesfälle verhindern und mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit die Übertragung der SARS-CoV-2-Infektion auf andere Personen
verringern, sodass die Impfung eine sehr effektive oder vielleicht sogar die effektivste Strategie zur Bekämpfung der COVID-19-Pandemie darstellt. Dabei handelt es sich um eine Strategie, die mit vergleichsweise
wenigen populationsbezogenen Nebenwirkungen und Schadenspotenzialen verbunden ist. Gerechtigkeitsethische Fragen ergeben sich allerdings im ganzen Verlauf der Anwendung dieser Strategie. Die Logistik der Impfung und
die begrenzt verfügbaren Impfstoffe erfordern eine Priorisierung. Die zweite Frage, die Georg Marckmann in seinem Beitrag diskutiert, ist folgende: Wäre es angesichts der steigenden Impfraten nicht ethisch gerechtfertigt,
selektiv Freiheitseinschränkungen zurückzunehmen für die Menschen, die bereits geimpft wurden und damit einen weitgehenden Schutz vor der COVID-19-Erkrankung erlangt haben?

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has a very high probability of preventing severe COVID-19 disease progression and death and a high probability of reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection to others, making vaccination
a very effective, or perhaps the most effective, strategy for combating the COVID-19 pandemic. It is a strategy associated with comparatively few population-related side effects and potential for harm. Justice
ethics issues arise, however, throughout the application of this strategy. The logistics of vaccination and the limited vaccines available require prioritization. The second question Georg Marckmann discusses
in his paper is this: Given the increasing vaccination rates, would it not be ethically justified to selectively roll back restrictions on liberty for those people who have already been vaccinated and have thus
gained extensive protection against COVID-19 disease?
Resonanz auf das Virus
Authors: Stichweh Rudolf
Published: June 2022

In seinem Beitrag argumentiert Rudolf Stichweh für die Hypothese, dass Coronavirus-Pandemie die Pandemie einer kommunikationsbasierten Weltgesellschaft sei. Sie sei vermutlich zum ersten Mal eine Pandemie,
die sich in ihren Strukturen sehr genau an die Strukturen einer kom­munikationsbasierten Weltgesellschaft anpasst, diese wiederholt und auch dadurch ihre Brisanz und ihre Wirkungsstärke hat.

In his paper, Rudolf Stichweh argues for the hypothesis that the coronavirus pandemic is the pandemic of a communication-based world society. It is probably for the first time a pandemic, which adapts itself in its
structures very exactly to the structures of a communication-based world society, repeats these and has also thereby its explosiveness and its impact strength.
Pharmakotherapie bei COVID-19
Authors: Wätzig Vicki
Published: June 2022

Die Infektionskrankheit COVID-19 wird durch SARS-CoV-2 hervorgerufen und ist wegen sehr variabler Verlaufsformen sowie verschiedener Virusvarianten nach wie vor (Stand: Februar 2022) sehr schwer zu behandeln.
Denn grundsätzlich entscheidet der Krankheitsverlauf darüber, welche Behandlungsoptionen zu welchem Zeitpunkt notwendig sind, während die ursächlich beteiligte Virusvariante festlegt, welche Therapiemöglichkeiten wirksam sind.
In ihrem Beitrag betrachtet Vicki Wätzig daher zunächst die unterschiedlichen Krankheitsphasen, bevor sie die Wirkstoffe vorstellt, die zur Behandlung von COVID-19 verwendet werden oder die sich als vielversprechende
Optionen in der klinischen Prüfung befinden. Da die Medikamentenentwicklung in diesem Bereich sehr dynamisch ist, bildet die Zusammenstellung der Substanzen und ihrer Wirkmechanismen lediglich ab, was bis zum Februar
2022 erreicht werden konnte.

The infectious disease COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and is still (as of February 2022) very difficult to treat due to highly variable courses and different virus variants. This is because, in principle,
the course of the disease determines which treatment options are necessary at which point in time, while the causally involved viral variant determines which treatment options are effective. In her paper,
Vicki Wätzig therefore first looks at the different phases of the disease before presenting the agents that are being used to treat COVID-19 or that are in clinical trials as promising options.
Since drug development in this field is very dynamic, the compilation of substances and their mechanisms of action only represents what could be achieved by February 2022.
Ausbreitung von COVID-19 und Strategien der Eindämmung
Authors: Priesemann Viola
Published: June 2022

Der Beitrag von Viola Priesemann beschäftigt sich mit der matehamtischen Modellierung der Ausbreitungsdynamik der Coronavirus-Pandemie und den Strategien ihrer Eindämmung,
insbesondere den Auswirkungen von unterschiedlichen Inzidenzzahlen von Infizierten. Erläutert werden die Mechanismen, das exponentielle Wachstum und die Frage, wie mit mathematischen
Modellen die Wirkung und Effektivität von nichtpharmazeutischen Interventionen (Testungen, Kontaktnachverfolgungen, Isolierungen) abgeschätzt werden kann – als Unterstützung der
Pandemiebekämpfung. Diskutiert wird ferner der Beitrag des Impffortschritts und sein Einfluss auf verschiedene Öffnungsszenarien.

The paper by Viola Priesemann deals with the mathematical modelling of spread dynamics of the coronavirus pandemic and the strategies for its containment esp. the effects of different incidences of infections.
It explains the mechanisms, the exponential growth, and how mathematical models can be used to estimate the impact and effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions (testing, contact tracing, isolation) -
as support for pandemic control. The contribution of vaccination progress and its influence on different opening scenarios will also be discussed.
The Akan and the Catholic Concept of Sin and Reconciliation Compared
Authors: Peprah Augustine Kojo , Amoah Richmond Osei
Published: June 2022

The phenomenon of sin and reconciliation is extant in many religions and as a result, elaborate teachings and rituals are documented around them. The same however cannot be said about the Akan traditional religion. This can be due to the no or late documentation of the theology of the African traditional religion. The problem created is that the Akan perception of sin and its removal in particular and the African Traditional Religion, in general, is often seen as lacking authenticity. This article with the help of comparative theology examines the Akan concept of sin and reconciliation and elucidates how they share some similarities with the Catholic doctrine on sin and reconciliation. The authors used the literary approach and questionnaires to gather data. Twenty (20) Catholic priests in the Catholic Archdiocese of Kumasi were purposively selected to answer eleven questionnaire items on the similarities between the Catholic and the Akan theology of sin and reconciliation. The findings and discussions on the problem elucidate that, the two religious traditions have a doctrine of original sin. They conceptualize sin as a stain, that sin offends God and humanity. Sin is moreover, categorized into serious and less serious offenses. They also agree that contrition, confession and penance are necessary conditions for the forgiveness of sins. Reconciliation again they concur restores the penitent to full communion with the divine and humanity. The article recommends that the Akan concept of original sin which is sketchy must be developed further. It also advocates that integrating the Akan and Catholic concepts of sin and reconciliation in the education of Akan Christians and pastoral agents would be a good enterprise. The paper fills the vacuum created that the Akan has a poor notion of sin and reconciliation. It shows evidence of the Akan concepts of sin and reconciliation, which are comparable to the teachings of the Catholic Church on sin and its removal.

Keywords: Sin, Reconciliation, Akan, Catholic
TRANSITION TO A SUSTAINABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION MODEL – MAPPING THE PATTERNS OF SUCCESS
Authors: Popescu Maria-Floriana , Constantin Marius , Chiripuci Bogdan Cristian
Published: June 2022

This research paper fills a literature gap by tapping into Europe’s Just Transition to green energy production and consumption models and introduces empirically derived trends. The mix of analysed variables was targeted at sustainable energy transformation models according to complementary economic research areas. Based on the clustered heat maps method, double dendrograms were constructed to identify socioeconomic and environmental patterns that characterize highly economic-efficient and sustainable transition patterns from the standard energy production and consumption model to the environmental-friendly and cost-efficient model in the European area. Results show that Austria, Denmark, Norway, Ireland, and Luxembourg followed the patterns of highly economically performant European countries that turned energy and resource productivity in their favour based on multiple factors: recycling, R&D, innovation, digitization. The opposite was observed in the case of many South-Eastern European countries. Robustness checks were performed based on the linear discriminant analysis methodology and results confirmed that Northern European countries lead the change to a more sustainable future. In this context, this research brings empirical results for decision-makers and aims to facilitate a better understanding for adapting policies according to national needs, as well as to the patterns of success identified in the case of European leaders.
The Discovery of a Planetary Companion Interior to Hot Jupiter WASP-132 b
Authors: Hord Benjamin J. , Colón Knicole D. , Berger Travis A. , Kostov Veselin , Silverstein Michele L. , Stassun Keivan G. , Lissauer Jack J. , Collins Karen A. , Schwarz Richard P. , Sefako Ramotholo , Ziegler Carl , Briceño César , Law Nicholas , Mann Andrew W. , Ricker George R. , Latham David W. , Seager S. , Winn Joshua N. , Jenkins Jon M. , Bouma Luke G. , Falk Ben , Torres Guillermo , Twicken Joseph D. , Vanderburg Andrew
Published: June 2022

Hot Jupiters are generally observed to lack close planetary companions, a trend that has been interpreted as evidence for high-eccentricity migration. We present the discovery and validation of WASP-132 c (TOI-822.02), a 1.85 ± 0.10 R
⊕ planet on a 1.01 day orbit interior to the hot Jupiter WASP-132 b. Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and ground-based follow-up observations, in conjunction with vetting and validation analysis, enable us to rule out common astrophysical false positives and validate the observed transit signal produced by WASP-132 c as a planet. Running the validation tools vespa and TRICERATOPS on this signal yields false-positive probabilities of 9.02 × 10−5 and 0.0107, respectively. Analysis of archival CORALIE radial velocity data leads to a 3σ upper limit of 28.23 ms−1 on the amplitude of any 1.01 day signal, corresponding to a 3σ upper mass limit of 37.35 M
⊕. Dynamical simulations reveal that the system is stable within the 3σ uncertainties on the planetary and orbital parameters for timescales of ∼100 Myr. The existence of a planetary companion near the hot Jupiter WASP-132 b makes the giant planet’s formation and evolution via high-eccentricity migration highly unlikely. Being one of just a handful of nearby planetary companions to hot Jupiters, WASP-132 c carries with it significant implications for the formation of the system and hot Jupiters as a population.
Unraveling the Innermost Jet Structure of OJ 287 with the First GMVA + ALMA Observations
Authors: Zhao Guang-Yao , Gómez José L. , Fuentes Antonio , Krichbaum Thomas P. , Traianou Efthalia , Lico Rocco , Cho Ilje , Ros Eduardo , Komossa S. , Akiyama Kazunori , Asada Keiichi , Blackburn Lindy , Britzen Silke , Bruni Gabriele , Crew Geoffrey B. , Dahale Rohan , Dey Lankeswar , Gold Roman , Gopakumar Achamveedu , Issaoun Sara , Janssen Michael , Jorstad Svetlana , Kim Jae-Young , Koay Jun Yi , Kovalev Yuri Y. , Koyama Shoko , Lobanov Andrei P. , Loinard Laurent , Lu Ru-Sen , Markoff Sera , Marscher Alan P. , Martí-Vidal Iván , Mizuno Yosuke , Park Jongho , Savolainen Tuomas , Toscano Teresa
Published: June 2022

We present the first very long baseline interferometric (VLBI) observations of the blazar OJ 287 carried out jointly with the Global Millimeter VLBI Array (GMVA) and the phased Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at 3.5 mm on 2017 April 2. The participation of phased ALMA has not only improved the GMVA north–south resolution by a factor of ∼3, but has also enabled fringe detections with signal-to-noise ratios up to 300 at baselines longer than 2 Gλ. The high sensitivity has motivated us to image the data with newly developed regularized maximum likelihood imaging methods, revealing the innermost jet structure with unprecedentedly high angular resolution. Our images reveal a compact and twisted jet extending along the northwest direction, with two bends within the inner 200 μas, resembling a precessing jet in projection. The component at the southeastern end shows a compact morphology and high brightness temperature, and is identified as the VLBI core. An extended jet feature that lies at ∼200 μas northwest of the core shows a conical shape, in both total and linearly polarized intensity, and a bimodal distribution of the linear polarization electric vector position angle. We discuss the nature of this feature by comparing our observations with models and simulations of oblique and recollimation shocks with various magnetic field configurations. Our high-fidelity images also enabled us to search for possible jet features from the secondary supermassive black hole (SMBH) and test the SMBH binary hypothesis proposed for this source.
Turbulent Cosmic Ray–Mediated Shocks in the Hot Ionized Interstellar Medium
Authors: Wang B.-B. , Zank G. P. , Zhao L.-L. , Adhikari L.
Published: June 2022

The structure of shocks and turbulence are strongly modified during the acceleration of cosmic rays (CRs) at a shock wave. The pressure and the collisionless viscous stress decelerate the incoming thermal gas and thus modify the shock structure. A CR streaming instability ahead of the shock generates the turbulence on which CRs scatter. The turbulent magnetic field in turn determines the CR diffusion coefficient and further affects the CR energy spectrum and pressure distribution. The dissipation of turbulence contributes to heating the thermal gas. Within a multicomponent fluid framework, CRs and thermal gas are treated as fluids and are closely coupled to the turbulence. The system equations comprise the gas dynamic equations, the CR pressure evolution equation, and the turbulence transport equations, and we adopt typical parameters for the hot ionized interstellar medium. It is shown that the shock has no discontinuity but possesses a narrow but smooth transition. The self-generated turbulent magnetic field is much stronger than both the large-scale magnetic field and the preexisting turbulent magnetic field. The resulting CR diffusion coefficient is substantially suppressed and is more than three orders smaller near the shock than it is far upstream. The results are qualitatively consistent with certain observations.
Circumnuclear Medium around the Central AGN in a Cool-core Cluster, Abell 1644-South
Authors: Baek Junhyun , Chung Aeree , Edge Alastair , Rose Tom , Kim Jae-Woo , Jung Taehyun
Published: June 2022

We present the circumnuclear multiphase gas properties of the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) in the center of Abell 1644-South (A1644-S). A1644-S is the main cluster in a merging system, which is well known for X-ray hot gas sloshing in its core. The sharply peaked X-ray profile of A1644-S implies the presence of a strongly cooling gas core. In this study, we analyze ALMA 12CO (1–0) data, JVLA H i data, and KaVA 22 GHz data for the central region of A1644-S to probe the potential origin of the cool gas and its role in (re)powering the central active galactic nucleus (AGN). We find CO clumps distributed in an arc shape along the X-ray gas sloshing, which is suggestive of a connection between the cold gas and the hot intracluster medium (ICM). H i and CN are detected in absorption against the AGN continuum emission. The absorption dip is observed at the systemic velocity of the BCG with an extended, redshifted tail. Based on the spatial and spectral configurations of the H i, CN, and CO gases, it is inferred that cool gas spirals into the core of the BCG, which is then fed to the central AGN. Indeed, our KaVA observation reveals a parsec-scale bipolar jet, implying that this AGN could have been (re)powered quite recently. Combining this, we suggest that some cold gas in A1644-S could have been formed from the cooling of the ICM, triggering the activity of the central AGN in the early development of a cool-core cluster.
Evaluation of non-destructive DNA extraction protocols for insect metabarcoding: gentler and shorter is better
Authors: Marquina Daniel , Roslin Tomas , Łukasik Piotr , Ronquist Fredrik
Published: June 2022

DNA metabarcoding can accelerate research on insect diversity, as it is cheap and fast compared to manual sorting and identification. Most metabarcoding protocols require homogenisation of the sample, preventing further work on the specimens. Mild digestion of the tissue by incubation in a lysis buffer has been proposed as an alternative, and, although some mild lysis protocols have already been presented, they have so far not been evaluated against each other. Here, we analyse how two mild lysis buffers (one more aggressive, one gentler in terms of tissue degradation), two different incubation times, and two DNA purification methods (a manual precipitation and an automated protocol) affect the accuracy of retrieving the true composition of mock communities using two mitochondrial markers (COI and 16S). We found that protocol-specific variation in concentration and purity of the DNA extracts produced had little effect on the recovery of species. However, the two lysis treatments differed in quantification of species abundances. Digestion in the gentler buffer and for a shorter time yielded better representation of original sample composition. Digestion in a more aggressive buffer or longer incubation time yielded lower alpha diversity values and increased differences between metabarcoding results and the true species-abundance distribution. We conclude that the details of non-destructive protocols can have a significant effect on metabarcoding performance. A short and mild lysis treatment appears the best choice for recovering the true composition of the sample. This not only improves accuracy, but also comes with a faster processing time than the other treatments.
Thesium muasyae (Santalaceae), a new species from the limestone fynbos of the Overberg, South Africa
Authors: Zhigila Daniel A. , Muasya A. Muthama
Published: June 2022

Thesium muasyae, a new species of the family Santalaceae, is described and illustrated. This species has unique morphological and ecological characters, differentiating it from other closely related species of the genus, such as T. karooicum. These characters include plants forming compact shrubs to about 30 cm tall with glabrous surfaces; leaves recurved, to about 4 cm long, terete to triangular, apiculate; flowers placed in lax spikes or borne solitary; and style up to about 2.5 mm long. Ecologically, T. muasyae is endemic to the limestone fynbos in the Overberg, Bredasdorp District, South Africa. Molecular phylogenetic evidence places this species in Subgenus Frisea Section Barbata, as closest sister to T. hispidulum + T. karooicum. A preliminary conservation Red List assessment suggests that T. muasyae is Critically Endangered, based on its population size, area of occupancy and extent of occurrence.
Semi industrial production of Tsalafouti dairy product
Authors: Pappa Eleni C. , Kondyli Efthymia , Vlachou Anna-Maria , Kakouri Athanasia , Malamou Evdokia , Samelis John
Published: June 2022

Tsalafouti is a fermented dairy product produced from 'boiled', naturally acidified sheep milk during summer (end of lactation period) as a farmhouse product. As consumer's demand is regular throughout the year, a semi-industrial production method of Tsalafouti was investigated based on the artisanal processing method aided with the use of a commercial multi-strain Lactococcus lactis starter culture for optimal milk acidification. Main physicochemical and microbiological characteristics, level of proteolysis and volatile compounds of the new product were determined. The semi-industrial Tsalafouti had smooth firm texture, mild sour taste, pleasant aroma, and received high panel-sensory scores up to day 45 of storage; afterward, the product developed an unpleasant flavor. The ripened (day 30) product had pH 4.28, moisture 81.5%, fat 6%, fat-in-dry matter 32.53%, salt 0.33% and proteins 5.49%, and contained high levels of heptanal, acetone, hexanal and 3-methyl butanal. The Lc. lactis starter (4 strain biotypes) grew abundantly (>9 log CFU/g) and acidified the milk within the first 10 days of ripening at 10 ℃. Viable starter cell populations declined significantly during late ripening and storage, probably due to autolysis. No growth of thermophilic streptococci, mesophilic non-starter lactobacilli or leuconostoc-like bacteria, enterococci, staphylococci, coliform bacteria and yeasts occurred during ripening. Only spoilage molds grew on the product surface after 45 to 60 days of aerobic storage at 2-4 ℃. The present data may contribute to the industrial production of Tsalafouti, giving an added value to this traditional Greek dairy product.
Metonimias y metáforas conceptuales con manus en el teatro latino
Authors: Tur Cristina
Published: June 2022

El principal objetivo de este artículo es describir y sistematizar, desde la perspectiva de la Teoría de la Metáfora Conceptual, los contextos en los que se emplea el término manus ‘mano’ de manera figurada en el drama latino, a través de la descripción de las metonimias y metáforas conceptuales que subyacen a ellos.
Un Autre Risorgimento
Authors: Delpu Pierre-Marie
Published: June 2022

Entre l’effondrement de l’Empire napoléonien en 1815 et le milieu des années 1850, où la « question napolitaine » devient une affaire diplomatique internationale, la partie continentale du royaume des Deux-Siciles voit s’affirmer un scénario de politisation cohérent qui associe la revendication des libertés politiques à l’opposition à la monarchie bourbonienne. À partir de la documentation administrative bourbonienne, des écrits personnels des libéraux et de leurs productions politiques, on se propose d’étudier ce mouvement politique par ses acteurs. Il a pris la forme d’une société civile d’opposition réticulée et disparate, davantage anti-absolutiste qu’elle n’est idéologiquement libérale. À travers les circuits locaux, nationaux et transnationaux de la politisation libérale dans le Mezzogiorno pré-unitaire, c’est la singularité du Risorgimento méridional qu’on voudrait mettre en évidence, entre adhésions et résistances à la construction nationale italienne et réappropriations de cette dernière.
Examining Student Behavioral Intention of Superstar Learning System by Extending Its Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Yu Zhonggen , Xu Wei , Sukjairungwattana Paisan
Published: June 2022

Superstar Learning System, designed and developed by Superstar Company, is a learning platform where teachers and learners may have access to plentiful educational resources and interact with each other. Behavioral intention related to this platform has not been explored although many researchers have examined its use in education. A random sampling technique and a questionnaire survey were adopted to collect data to complement this missing link in literature. This study revealed numerous influencing factors of behavioral intention such as performance expectancy, effort expectancy, lecturer influence, peer influence, user innovativeness, interface simplicity, and multiple functions. It also extended the extended technology acceptance model (TAM) by involving more influencing constructs (i.e., lecturer and peer influences, user innovativeness, interface simplicity, and multiple functions). Future research could adopt inter-disciplinary research methods to examine Superstar Learning System-based behavior intention of learners.
Radiation therapy for squamous cell cancer of the skin in a patient with xeroderma pigmentosum
Authors: Altinok Pelin , Tekçe Ertugrul , Ergün Selma Sönmez , Mayadagli Alpaslan
Published: June 2022

Xeroderma Pigmentosum is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by increased sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation. Adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) is an important locoregional treatment modality for high-risk skin squamous cell cancers (SCCs). We present a case of an adult with high-risk skin SCC treated with standard adjuvant RT and followed-up for >4 years with acceptable side effects.
Spindle cell carcinoma masquerading as a benign polyp of the soft palate
Authors: Kini Jyoti R. , Dosemane Deviprasad , Kshithi K. , Banerjee Sourjya
Published: June 2022

Spindle cell carcinoma of the head and neck is a rare biphasic neoplasm. The presentation mimics other head-and-neck malignancies and hence the diagnosis hinges upon histopathological confirmation along with positive immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers denoting the presence of both epithelial and mesenchymal components. At present, there are no standard management criteria for these tumors with the options varying from surgery alone to surgery combined with adjuvant radiotherapy. We discuss here the case of a patient presenting with an oropharyngeal mass that had benign clinical features and the final diagnosis of spindle cell carcinoma could only be established after histopathology with IHC typing.
Self-medication practice and health-seeking behavior among medical students during COVID 19 pandemic
Authors: Likhar Swarnkanta , Jain Konika , Kot Lokendra Singh
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

Self-medication practice (SMP), is the one element of self-care, the use of medication without the prescription of medical professionals for the treatment of self-recognized illnesses. (E.g., resubmitting old prescriptions, sharing medication with relatives/family members, or using leftover medications) This study aims to determine the prevalence of self-medication practice and health-seeking behavior among medical students during the Covid 19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study on self-medication practice. A total of 510 MBBS students at Government Medical College, Ratlam were enrolled in the study taking care of inclusion criteria. Data was collected on a pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire through Google forms and was analyzed using Epi info (CDC version 6).

Result:

Out of 510 MBBS students, 394 students responded to fill the form with an overall response rate of 77%. Self-medication practice in the preceding 6 months amongst MBBS students was 291 (73.85%). There is a significant association between self-medication practice with age, gender, and 1st, 2nd and 3rd year of MBBS. Health-seeking behavior among students was found to be 26.14%.

Conclusion:

Self-medication practice is widely prevalent amongst MBBS students, especially during the Covid pandemic. Approx. 74% of MBBS Students practiced self-medication in the preceding 6 months.
Emerging ethical dilemmas in the use of intelligent computer programs in decision-making in health care
Authors: Balakrishnan Grrishma , Vaswani Vina , Thalanjeri Padmini
Published: June 2022

Background:

Medical professionals are under tremendous stress due to various occupational stressors, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) geared toward patient care might look like a preferable solution in alleviating some amount of stress. Hence, the study assessed the level of awareness and perception of the ethical dilemmas of health professionals on intelligent computer programs in independent healthcare decision-making.

Materials and Methods:

The present study is a cross-sectional, non-interventional, and questionnaire-based descriptive study. This study was done in a Deemed to be University Hospital, Karnataka, India. Of the total 96 participants, 30 were medical participants, 36 were dentists, and 30 were nurses. A pretested and validated questionnaire was used to collect the participants’ responses.

Results:

Medical and nursing participants opined that intelligent computer programs can take both major and minor independent decisions in inpatient care when the physician is unavailable. The majority of the participants felt that in the decisions made by the intelligent computer programs, patients’ rights and wishes might not be respected, compromising autonomy. The majority agreed that computer-assisted information extraction helps in better treatment of patients causing beneficence. Medical and dental participants thought that intelligent computer programs cannot communicate well with patients, do not have a conscience, and can be hacked causing maleficence. Participants opined that the use of intelligent computer programs could serve justice in the form of equity and equality in health care.

Conclusion:

Breach of patient autonomy due to data mining, loss of confidentiality, and disrespect for patients’ rights and wishes are major concerns when AI takes independent decisions in health care. One of the most desirable outcomes of AI in health care could be an increase in equity and equality of the reach in health care to the rural population.
Plant-Derived Compounds for the Treatment of Schistosomiasis
Authors: Eze AA , Ogugofor MO , Ossai EC
Published: June 2022

Schistosomiasis is a neglected infectious tropical disease that is second in occurrence only to hookworm infection in sub-Saharan Africa. Presently, chemotherapy is the main method of control and treatment of this disease due to the absence of a vaccine. However, Praziquantel, which is the only chemotherapeutic option, lacks efficacy against the early developmental stages of schistosomes. A number of plant-derived compounds, including alkaloids, terpenes and phenolics, have displayed in vitro and in vivo efficacy against Schistosoma species. This review explores how the application of nanotechnology can improve the efficacy of these plant-derived schistosomicidal compounds through the use of nano-enabled drug delivery systems to improve bioavailability.
Ocular Metastasis of Primary Gynecological Malignancies, a Rare but not Insignificant Entity
Authors: Vlachos D-E , Thomakos N , Haidopoulos D , Pergialiotis V , Theodoulidis V , Protopapas A , Rodolakis A
Published: June 2022

The genital system remains one of the most common sites of carcinogenesis in women. Advances in surgery, radiation treatment, and chemotherapy have increased their efficacy and many patients survive for many years after their initial diagnosis. The eye is a rare site of metastasis from gynecological cancer due to its distant location from the genitalia. In this systematic review, we retrieved all case reports of patients with ocular metastasis from gynecological neoplasms. The demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics were retrieved and analyzed. A total of 70 case reports were included. Forty-eight of these reports concerned patients with a known malignancy that recurred in the eye and in 22 patients' ocular symptomatology accompanied the initial diagnosis of the gynecologic malignancy. 73.9% of these patients exhibited concomitant metastasis to other organs. The mean disease-free interval was found at 25.7 months and mean survival time after the eye metastasis was 13.5 months. Refractory disease was identified as the most important risk factor associated with mortality. Because eye metastasis has such a dismal prognosis, all gynecologists who treat oncological patients should be highly suspicious for reported eye complaints.
Factors Relating to Failure Rates of Dental Procedures in Children Following Comprehensive Dental Treatments under General Anesthesia
Authors: Elkhodary HM , Bagher SM , Sabbagh HJ , Almushayt A , Almalik M , Baghlaf K , Alamoudi N
Published: June 2022

Background and Aim:

This study assessed the demographic, treatment, and patient characteristics relating to 2-year postoperative failure and success rate of 2 to 12-years-old healthy children that underwent various dental procedures during comprehensive dental treatment under general anesthesia (GA).

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted after the completion of a 2-year postoperative follow-up examination. The hospital records of all the children were reviewed by an experienced examiner. In the follow-up appointment, the clinical and radiographic evaluations of the treatments, oral hygiene, and oral hygiene practices were recorded. A P value of <0.05 was set as statistically significant.

Results:

Around 221 healthy children were included in the study, with a mean (SD) age of 4.92 (1.37). The most common type of failure detected 2 years postoperatively were recurrent decay (mean = 2.68, SD = 2.50), followed by stainless steel crown (SSC) open margin (mean = 0.69, SD = 1.02). Children with good oral hygiene involved the highest number of successful procedures (mean = 5.28, SD = 1.99) (P = 0.032). Children with poor oral hygiene was the factor that involved the highest number of procedure failures (mean = 8.28, SD = 3.38) (P < 0.001). The Pearson correlation coefficient showed that the younger the mean age of children during treatment under GA, the higher the rate of dental procedure failure (r = −0.202, n = 221, P < 0.01).

Conclusion:

The failure rate of dental procedures performed during treatment under GA was highest among younger children and children with poor oral hygiene at the time of treatment. SSC crown restoration was the most common type of dental procedure received, and recurrent decay and SSC open margin were the most common types of failure detected.
A Case of Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage After Orthognathic Surgery
Authors: Yasli SO , Dogruel F , Demirbas AE , Canpolat DG
Published: June 2022

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) disease is a rare but acutely developing condition that may occur after general anesthesia, if not diagnosed and treated on time, could be life-threatening. Orthognathic surgeries, frequently performed for functional and esthetic correction, are generally composed of a young population in their twenties with no other disease. The aim of presenting this case report was to describe the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of DAH to emphasize the importance of timely diagnosis.