bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Hydrolization and Sedimantationin Acid Compositions Based on Sulfaminic Acid
Authors:   Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Magadova L. A. , Sirotin A. N. ,   Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Pakhomov M. D. ,   Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Davletov Z. R. ,   Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas
Published: February 2021

This article presents the results of a study of the hydrolysis of sulfamic acid and the elaboration of acidic compositions that are characterized by reduced sedimentation compared to mud acid. The effect of complexing compounds on the hydrolysis of sulfamic acid is considered, the hydrolysis of sulfamic acid and sulfamates is compared, and the secondary sedimentation of sulfamic acid and mud acid compositions is compared using the formation of hexafluorosilicates. The hydrolysis intensity of sulfamic acid and ammonium sulfamate was determined by the mass of sediments formed during the reaction of hydrolysis products with calcium chloride. The mass of calcium sulfate formed is proportional to the rate of hydrolysis of sulfamic acid. The process of dissolution of the quartz component of the terrigenous formation was studied using the gravimetric method. Differences in influence of EDTA, HEDP, and NTP on sedimentation prevention of the products of sulfamic acid hydrolysis were studied by the example of reactions with Ca2+. It was shown that compositions with NTP are characterized by a lower sediments formation. The ratio of NTP concentration and the hydrolysis rate of sulfamic acid is shown. Differences in the hydrolysis rate of compositions based on sulfamic acid and sulfamates were determined at a temperature of 80°C. It was shown that sulfamates are characterized by a lower rate of hydrolysis. Differences in quartz solubility were determined for compositions based on sulfamic and sulfuric acids, differences in the reactions kinetics were shown. It has been established that acid compositions based on sulfamic acid are characterized by less sedimentation rate being compared with acid compositions based on hydrochloric acid by the example of hexafluorosilicates formation.
Capillary Impregnation with Non-Linear Filtration Laws
Authors:   Oil and Gas Research Institute RAS, Svalov A. M.
Published: February 2021

In connection with the increasing share of low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs, of particular scientific and practical interest is the study of the characteristics of the flow of filtration processes in reservoirs characterized by non-linear filtration laws. The article presents the results of an analytical study of the features of capillary impregnation of low-permeability reservoirs characterized by non-linear filtration laws. Mathematical modeling of the impregnation processes was carried out under the assumption that the dependence of the filtration rate on the pressure gradient modulus near the zero point can be represented by a power function. It was established that, in contrast to capillary impregnation processes under the traditional linear Darcy law, the intensity of impregnation of low-permeability layers of a productive formation in a nonlinear case depends on the longitudinal pressure gradient in the formation - the larger this gradient, the higher the intensity of impregnation. It was also shown that for nonlinear filtration laws, the capillary impregnation front in a porous medium with a fluid at rest can propagate at a finite speed, which is impossible with linear filtration laws.
The Origin of Chlororganic Compounds in Crude Oil and Oil Fractions
Authors:   LLC ", Miller V. K. ,   Joint Research and Development Center", Marochkin D. V. ,   LLC "Joint Research and Development Center", Noskov Yu. G. ,   LLC "Joint Research and Development Center", Korneeva G. A. ,   LLC "Joint Research and Development Center"
Published: February 2021

In this review, published information on the nature and molecular compositions of organochlorine compounds (OCCs), which are found in crude oil and in its refined products, is systematized. The native and added OCCs are reviewed. The formers are concentrated predominantly in high molecular weight resinous-asphaltene substances of crude oil, the latter’s, referred to as light organochlorine compounds, are present in the gasoline fractions. The following chemicals that are used for oil production are regarded as possible sources of OCCs: inhibited hydrochloric acid, acid compounds; organic solvents of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits, organic solvents served for oil production stimulation, and possible products of a mutual solvent chlorination with hydrochloric acid.
Justification of Requirements for the Motorless Method of Evaluation of Deposit Forming Tendency of Diesel Fuel on Diesel Engine Injectors
Authors:   The 25th State Scientific Research Institute of Chemmotology of the Russian Ministry of Defence, Yakovlev A. V. , Sharin E. A. ,   The 25th State Scientific Research Institute of Chemmotology of the Russian Ministry of Defence
Published: February 2021

The calculation of the dynamics of heating a drop of fuel in the nozzle of diesel injector has been carried out. The possibility of using a gasoline nozzle to assess the tendency of diesel fuels to the formation of deposits on diesel engine injectors has been substantiated. The optimal test temperature for diesel fuels has been experimentally determined. Taking into account the calculated parameters, a method for evaluating the propensity of diesel fuels to form deposits on the injectors was developed on an OSV-01 device. It has been found that darkening of the nozzle bottom and the relative fuel flow loss are independent indicators. It is shown that the sensitivity and differentiating ability of method are sufficient for classification of diesel fuels according to their tendency to form deposits on the injectors of diesel engines. Two criteria for estimating the degree of contamination of nozzle are proposed: contamination of the nozzle bottom and relative fuel flow loss thought nozzle. Preliminary studies of tendency to form deposits of a number of commercial diesel fuels have been conducted.
Study of Influence the Fluidized Bed Apparatus Geometrical Characteristics on Drying Process Technological Parameters
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, Shurak A. A. , Shagarova A. A. ,   Volgograd State Technical University, Mansur L. M. ,   Volgograd State Technical University
Published: February 2021

Studies on the influence the fluidized bed apparatus geometrical characteristics on the technological parameters of the drying process. Algorithm and program of calculating tabular processor Microsoft Excel has been developed. Modeling results in the form of graphical dependencies, characterizing the influence of ratio of apparatus for technological process parameters are presented. Trend of energy consumption with reduced height of the separation space apparatus that taken into account in the development of new energy-efficient designs of dryers is installed.
The dilemma of charter sales in Chinese cruise market: Formation mechanisms and countermeasures
Authors: Li Hua , Zhang Pengfei , Tong Helong
Published: February 2021

The rapid development of its cruise market has made China the shining star all over the world. The average annual growth rate of over 30 % in the Chinese market is achieved by the charter-based sales system. However, in recent years, there has been a repeated occurrence of market crises, which gives rise to low-price competition. The charter sales model has thus been cast into serious doubt. In this study, through the combined methods of literature review and interviews, we carried out an in-depth investigation with a view to revealing the formation mechanism and the characteristics of the sales model, as well as its impact on the market. The study found that the supply-demand imbalance, policy constraints, the lack of related regulatory systems, the imperfect sales system, the sensitive market and weak risk tolerance together with other factors all combined to lead to the frequent occurrence of the market crises. With respect to the cruise sales in China, the research puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions from the perspectives of cruise companies, travel agencies, administrators and policy-makers.
History of library websites
Authors: Shevchenko L. B.
Published: February 2021

The history of foreign and Russian libraries’ websites in 1996—2017 is analyzed on the basis of professional publications and web-archive. The author analyzed the websites of Russian libraries, i. e. RASL Library for Natural Sciences, All-Russia Library for Foreign Literature, Russian State Library, Russian National Library, State National Pedagogical Library, Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, Central Scientific Medical Library, State Public Scientific and Technological Library of the RAS Siberian Branch and divisions, Central Scientific Agricultural Library, Russian Academy of Sciences Library, Far Eastern State Scientific Library, Nizhny Novgorod Regional Universal Scientific Library, Novosibirsk State Regional Scientific Library. The number of websites was limited due to many changed domain names which disables the analysis. The archive copies of the selected libraries’ home pages obtained through the Wayback Machine service were analyzed. The first (1996–1998) home pages of Russian and foreign libraries are compared and distinctions are identified. The dynamics of Russian libraries’ websites up to 2017 is characterized. The author concludes that the libraries have been regularly changing design, content, representation forms, and navigation and retrieval systems, which is often not welcome by their users. The libraries have to introduce and promote efficiently their content and resources with the focus on user friendliness. Internet technologies and libraries’ representing themselves on the World Wide Web have changed library practice, and the libraries have to think over how to design the website and how to assess it.
Student’s personal account as an individual electronic library at Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy
Authors: Grigoryev S. G. , Dunaeva N. V. , Tsarapkina Yu. M. , Anisimova A. V.
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the currently topical topic of using the electronic library system by means of creating a student's personal account – a personal electronic library. The problem of using information technologies to provide students with high-quality educational information is currently coming to the fore due to the emergence of a large flow of information and the lack of criteria for its selection among students. The purpose of the publication is to acquaint readers with the results of work on the development of a personal electronic library of a university student, to provide students with educational materials in full, as well as with the results of a study of the effectiveness of using a personal account in the process of teaching students. To achieve this goal, the authors carried out experimental work, consisting of three modules: basic, theoretical and intellectual, as well as experimental work to establish the influence of the developed personal electronic library on the level of educational motivation of students, as well as its relationship with academic performance. The results of the study show that the use of a personal electronic library increases the educational motivation of students to study the subject, and also positively affects the academic performance of students, improving the quality of education. The practical significance of the work lies in the creation of a student's personal electronic library based on the electronic library system of the RSAU-Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazeva, which can be used in teaching university students.
Efeitos da fotobiomodulação no tratamento de úlceras por pressão: Revisão integrativa
Authors: Macedo Suellén Pereira Rodrigues , Mota Mara Soares de Almeida , Fagundes Caroline Ferreira , Souza Matheus Rodrigues de , Navarro Ricardo Scarparo
Published: February 2021

Úlceras por pressão (UP) são importantes causas de morbidade, além de possuir alto custo ao sistema de saúde, agrega um risco adicional para os portadores pois impõe a perda da barreira constitucional da pele. A fotobiomodulação com laser de baixa potência (FBM) mostra efetivas ações analgésica, antinflamatória e reparação dos tecidos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eficácia da FBM no tratamento de UP a partir de uma revisão integrativa norteada pela pergunta “Qual a eficácia da fotobiomodulação no tratamento de úlceras por pressão?”. O estudo incluiu sete artigos selecionados nas bases de dados Scielo, PubMed e LILACS entre o período de 2015 e 2020. Após a leitura, análise e interpretação dos dados, pôde-se verificar que, apesar de haver poucos estudos recentes sobre a terapia a laser na temática da lesão por pressão, os artigos elucidam que a terapia com laser de baixa potência é uma modalidade promissora de tratamento, que proporciona redução do tempo de cicatrização e melhora no aspecto das feridas. Contudo, apesar de diversos estudos demonstrarem os efeitos benéficos desta, ainda não há consenso e protocolos específicos definidos que determinem parâmetros de irradiação, como comprimento de onda, energia, fluência, potência, irradiância, duração do pulso e intervalos entre as sessões de tratamento.
Análise epidemiológica das arboviroses emergentes e reemergentes no Brasil entre os anos de 2019 e 2020
Authors: Rezende Rubens Barbosa
Published: February 2021

Objetivou-se analisar a incidência e a prevalência das arboviroses (dengue, chikungunya e zika) transmitidas pelo Aedes aegypti entre os anos de 2019 a 2020, bem como os fatores que promovem a sua propagação. Dessa forma, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica de natureza qualitativa e de caráter descritivo e exploratório. Sendo utilizada a questão norteadora: Qual a situação epidemiológica das arboviroses no Brasil entre os anos de 2019 a 2020? A busca foi realizada nos bancos de dados: PubMed e SciELO, assim como, foram utilizados dados epidemiológicos pertencentes ao site do Ministério da Saúde/Brasil. Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos nacionais e internacionais completos, disponibilizados de forma gratuita, publicados entre janeiro de 2008 a janeiro de 2021 em inglês e português. No que diz respeito a saúde pública, os arbovírus têm gerado uma grande preocupação no mundo. Em 2020, foram notificados 971.136 casos prováveis de dengue até a Semana Epidemiológica (SE) 46, com taxa de incidência de 462,1 casos/100 mil habitantes, para Chikungunya, entre as SE 1 e 46, obteve-se 78.808 casos prováveis notificados, com taxa de incidência de 37,5 casos/100 mil habitantes. E para Zika, entre as SE 1 a 43, tiveram 7.006 casos prováveis notificados no Brasil, com taxa de incidência de 3,3 casos/100 mil habitantes. Portanto, fica claro que as arboviroses ocasionam um grande impacto na saúde pública que vão desde a identificação do agente causador até as medidas de controle dos vetores. Com isso, é ressaltado a importância de saneamento como método de controle da incidência e prevalência das infecções por arbovírus.
Uso do laser diodo para correção cirúrgica de estenose de narina e prolongamento de palato mole em cão portador da síndrome do braquicéfalo – relato de caso
Authors: Mendes Junior Aguinaldo Francisco , Hotz Marina Ribeiro , Duarte Pâmela Cristina de Souza , Santos Gabriela Souza Leão Bezerra dos , Sanches Neto Asy Pepe , Mothé Gabriele Barros , Soares Ana Maria Barros , Almosny Nádia Regina Pereira
Published: February 2021

Inúmeras deformações obstrutivas de etiologia congênita compõem a síndrome braquicefálica. Dentre elas destacam-se a estenose de narinas e o prolongamento de palato mole, para os quais são de grande importância o diagnóstico e o tratamento cirúrgico precoce, visando a minimizar a progressão da doença e o iminente risco de óbito do paciente. Este trabalho objetiva relatar o emprego do laser diodo de alta potência na correção cirúrgica da estenose de narina e do prolongamento de palato mole em um cão braquicefálico de um ano de idade com quadro clínico de dispneia inspiratória, ronco, intolerância ao exercício e síncope. O animal foi submetido à rinoplastia e palatoplastia, apresentando significativa melhora clínica após os procedimentos. Isso mostra que o emprego do laser de diodo de alta potência é eficaz no tratamento cirúrgico da síndrome braquicefálica, proporcionando bons resultados funcionais e estéticos e, por conseguinte, melhora no bem-estar e na qualidade de vida do animal.
InspirAção: barreiras e facilitadores da comunicação segura sobre o suicídio
Authors: Pereira Camila Corrêa Matias , Vedana Kelly Graziani Giacchero
Published: February 2021

O suicídio é um grave problema de saúde pública mundial. A Comunicação Segura é importante recurso para a prevenção do suicídio por meio da conscientização, abordagem acolhedora, busca de ajuda, divulgação de conteúdos preventivos e redução de conteúdos ou interações que potencializem o risco de suicídio entre indivíduos vulneráveis. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar barreiras e facilitadores da comunicação segura sobre o suicídio em produções discursivas sobre experiências e mensagens de apoio. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, realizado em ambiente virtual e submetido à Análise Temática. Dentre os “Facilitadores” foram identificados: “O incentivo para a busca de ajuda profissional”, “A propensão a oferecer ajuda” e “A crença na possibilidade de superação”. Dentre as “Barreiras” relacionadas à comunicação segura sobre o suicídio, foram construídas 3 categorias: “Recusa de Ajuda e a Dificuldade em ofertar ajuda”, “Estigma e Culpabilização” e “Preocupação com o Despreparo”. Entre nas “Possibilidades Ambivalentes”, foram encontradas a “Religiosidade” e “Experiência pessoal e conselhos”. A possibilidade da identificação de facilitadores e barreiras para a comunicação segura sobre o suicídio pode ser fundamental para a elaboração de estratégias de prevenção e promoção em saúde, potencializando os facilitadores e eliminando ou reduzindo as possíveis barreiras.
Antracnose em Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) no Estado de Goiás
Authors: Marques Mônica Lau da Silva , Jesus Jéssica Maria Israel de , Firmiano Raquel Silva , Martins Adriana Lau da Silva , Marques Estelita , Vale Luís Sergio Rodrigues , Silva Paula Gonçalves , Raizel Raissy Arielly Marques da Silva , Marques Valter dos Santos , Martinez Aurélio Ludovico de Almeida
Published: February 2021

O Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) é uma planta nativa do Sudeste da Ásia que produz frutos com importantes propriedades nutricionais e terapêuticas. Por isso nos últimos anos o cultivo tem se expandido em todo o Brasil. Entretanto com o aumento da área cultivada, a ocorrência de fitopatologias tornou-se mais frequente, o que pode comprometer a produtividade da cultura. Diante disso, objetivou-se relatar a ocorrência de antracnose em plantas de noni no Estado de Goiás. Foram realizados isolamentos a partir de lesões foliares de plantas sintomáticas coletadas nos municípios de Ceres e Goianésia. O teste de patogenicidade dos isolados foi realizado. Para a caracterização morfológica do patógeno, foram confeccionadas lâminas e as estruturas foram observadas em microscopia de luz. Os sintomas iniciais nas folhas inoculadas eram pequenas manchas circulares de coloração marrom-clara, circulares e irregulares que gradualmente aumentaram, tornando-se escuras e com pontuações alaranjadas. As colônias fúngicas apresentaram rápido crescimento e esporulação intensa, coloração acinzentada com margens brancas. Micélio hialino septado e ramificado. Conidióforos simples, alongados. Os conídios hialinos, unicelulares, retos, cilíndricos ou elípticos. Com base nas características morfológicas pode-se concluir que o fungo do gênero Colletotrichum é o agente causal da antracnose no noni no Estado de Goiás.
Assessment of local genetic structure and connectivity of the common eelgrass Zostera marina for seagrass restoration in northern Europe
Authors: Martínez-García L , Hansson B , Hollander J
Published: February 2021

Seagrass meadows are one of the most important habitats in coastal regions since they constitute a multifunctional ecosystem providing high productivity and biodiversity. They play a key role in carbon sequestration capacity, mitigation against coastal erosion and as nursery grounds for many marine fish and invertebrates. However, despite these ecosystem functions and services, seagrass meadows are a threatened ecosystem worldwide. In the Baltic Sea, seagrass meadows have declined rapidly, mainly because of eutrophication, anthropogenic activities and climate change. This decline has the potential to erode the genetic variation and genetic structure of the species. In this study, we assessed how genetic variation and genetic differentiation vary amongZostera marinameadows and with a number of environmental characteristics in the county of Scania in southern Sweden. A total of 205 individuals sampled at 12 locations were analysed with 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci. Results showed that in spite of anthropogenic impacts and climate change pressures, locations ofZ. marinapossessed high genetic variation and weak genetic differentiation, with 3 major genetic clusters. Long-distance dispersal and/or stepping-stone dispersal was found among locations, with higher migration rates within the west coast. Organic matter, salinity and maximum depth appeared to be factors most strongly associated with the genetic structure and morphological variation ofZ. marina. These findings contribute significantly in the identification of potential donor sites and the viability of impacted areas to recover from natural recruitment, for the development of effective transplantation measures ofZ. marinain the southern Baltic Sea and temperate regions elsewhere.
Increased gene expression and production of spinal cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 during experimental osteoarthritis pain
Authors: Procházková M , Zanvit P , Doležal T , Prokešová L , Kršiak M
Published: February 2021

Knowledge on the involvement of spinal COX-1 and COX-2 in
pain due to osteoarthritis could be useful for better
understanding of its pathogenesis and therapy. In this study we
have investigated a long-term pattern of expression and
production of spinal COX-1 and COX-2 in the model of
osteoarthritis induced in rats by injection of monoiodoacetate
(MIA) into the knee joint. MIA injection produced thermal
hyperalgesia (assessed by the plantar test) and tactile allodynia
(measured with von Frey hairs). The pain measures reached
maximum on the 5th day, then remained relatively stable. The
expression of spinal COX-2 mRNA reached maximum on day 5
(5.2 times; P<0.001) and remained increased until day 31 (4.9
times; P<0.001). Expression of spinal COX-1 mRNA increased
gradually reaching maximum on the day 31 (4.5 times; P<0.001)
when the relative expression of both genes was almost equal.
The production of both proteins was almost similar at the
beginning of the experiment. The highest production of COX-2
protein was observed on day 5 after the induction of
osteoarthritis (increased 3.9 times). The levels of COX-1 protein
increased gradually with maximum on day 31 (3.4 times). The
present findings indicate that not only expression of COX-2
mRNA but also that of COX-1 mRNA is significantly increased in
the spine during osteoarthritis pain. Thus, in contrast to
inflammatory pain, the upregulation of spinal COX-1 may be
important in osteoarthritis pain.
Alendronate lowers cholesterol synthesis in the central nervous system of rats – a preliminary study
Authors: Cibičková Ľ , Hyšpler R , Cibiček N , Čermáková E , Palička V
Published: February 2021

Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates were found to inhibit
farnesyl diphosphate synthase - an essential enzyme in the
cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, but their effect on cholesterol
synthesis per se in the central nervous system (CNS) remains
unknown. The aim of the present study was to examine possible
influence of a representative agent alendronate on cholesterol
synthesis rates in selected parts of rat CNS and on plasma
cholesterol level. Two groups of rats were orally administered
either alendronate (3 mg/kg b.w.) or vehicle for 9 days. At the
end of experiment, brain (basal ganglia, frontal cortex and
hippocampus) and spinal cord were isolated and cholesterol
synthesis was determined using the technique of deuterium
incorporation from deuterated water. In the alendronate group
significant reductions of cholesterol synthesis rates were detected
in frontal cortex, hippocampus and spinal cord (p<0.001).
However, the experimental treatment did not produce a
significant alteration in the levels of plasma cholesterol. In
conclusion, this study brings the first experimental evidence of
the inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis with alendronate in
central nervous system.
DUKUNGAN TEMPAT KERJA TERHADAP PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF BERDASARKAN PERMENKES NOMOR 33 TAHUN 2012 PADA IBU BEKERJA DI KANTOR BUMN (PT PLN) KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Jamil Masfufatun , Sari Cempaka Kumala
Published: February 2021

ASI (Air Susu Ibu) merupakan makanan yang memiliki gizi sempurna sesuai dengan kebutuhan bayi untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang optimal. Hak anak adalah hak asasi manusia dan untuk kepentingannya hak anak itu diakui dan dilindungi oleh hukum bahkan sejak dalam kandungan. Untuk hak bayi dalam mendapatkan asi eksklusif diatur dalam Pasal 128 Undang-Undang Kesehatan (UU Kesehatan) Nomor 36 tahun 2009 dan di jamin oleh Pemerintah melalui Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) Nomor 33 Tahun 2012 tentang Pemberian Air Susu Ibu Eksklusif (ASI Eksklusif). Dari hasil penelitian sebelumnya Program Magister Kedokteran Kerja Departemen Kedokteran Komunitas FKUI yang dilakukan di kantor BUMN, fasilitas menyusui yang dapat digunakan untuk memompa dan menyimpan ASI, belum memenuhi syarat. Apalagi program pembinaan laktasi, akses ke konsultan laktasi, dan materi edukasi tentang laktasi.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah dukuangan tempat kerja terhadap pemberian asi eksklusif berdasarkan Permenkes Nomor 33 Tahun 2012 pada ibu bekerja di Kantor BUMN (PT PLN) Kota Semarang.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan metode analisa data yaitu dengan analisa kualitatif. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah Kepala Bagian SDM PT PLN (Persero) UP 3, Bagian Kepegawian, karyawan yang menyusui. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu perusahaan bersikap positif terhadap program pemerintah tentang ASI eksklusif di tempat kerja. Hal ini didasarkan bahwa dengan perusahaan memberikan hak cuti karyawan untuk melahirkan yaitu selama 3 bulan dan memberikan kesempatan kepada karwayan yang masih menyusui bayinya untuk memerah ASI pada jam kerja sesuai dengan Undang-undang Ketenagakerjaan dan PP ASI Eksklusif. Ruangan yang digunakan untuk memerah ASI adalah ruangan dengan sekat yang biasa digunakan untuk istirahat di masing-masing kantor. Untuk peralatan pendukung tersedia lemari pendingin, tetapi lemari pendingin disediakan untuk umum, jadi ada beberapa yang menyimpan ASI perahnya ke lamri pendingin, ada yang juga yang menyimpan ASInya ke cooler bag ASI yang dibawa dari rumah. Untuk tempat memerah ASI sudah ada tetapi untuk ruangan dan peralatan belum sesuai dengan Permenkes Nomor 15 Tahun 2013 tentang Tata Cara Penyediaan Fasilitas Khusus Menyusui.
PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH MELALUI SENAM BUGAR LANSIA PADA LANSIA DENGAN HIPERTENSI
Authors: Sari Irma Mustika
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Hipertensi banyak menyebabkan morbiditas pada setiap orang khususnya kepada lansia. Penanganan hipertensi dapat dilakukan dengan memperbaiki pola hidup serta dengan terapi non farmakologis yaitu dengan melakukan latihan fisik. Latihan fisik atau senam dapat membantu kekuatan pompa jantung agar bertambah, sehingga aliran darah bisa kembali lancar sehingga dapat meningkatkan faal jantung dan menurunkan tekanan darah. Adanya peningkatan tekanan darah pada lansia di Posyandu Lansia Pucangsawit sebanyak 44 orang yang belum pernah melakukan aktifitas fisik atau senam. Tujuan Penelitian : Menganalisis pengaruh senam bugar lansia terhadap tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi. Metode Penelitian : Quasy eksperimental study dengan one group pretest-posttest design. Hasil Penelitian ; Hasil analisis menunjukkan tekanan darah sistolik pre test dan post test pada tabel didapatkan nilai p value 0,000 (p < 0,05), sedangkan dari hasil analisis pengukuran tekanan darah diastolik pre test dan post test didapatkan nilai p value 0,059 (p > 0,05). Simpulan : Ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai tekanan darah sistolik pre test dan post test setelah dilakukan senam bugar lansia. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan nilai tekanan darah diastolik pre test dan post test setelah dilakukan senam bugar lansia. Kata kunci : Senam bugar, lansia, hipertensi, tekanan darahABSTRACT REDUCTION OF BLOOD PRESSURE THROUGH ELDERLY FIT EXERCISES AMONG WITH HYPERTENSION Background: Hypertension causes a lot of morbidity in everyone, especially the elderly. handling of hypertension can be done by improving lifestyle and non-pharmacological therapy, namely by doing physical exercise. physical exercise or gymnastics can help increase the strength of the heart's pump, so that blood flow can return smoothly so that it can increase heart function and lower blood pressure. there was an increase in blood pressure in the elderly at Posyandu Lansia Pucangsawit as many as 44 people who had never done physical activity or gymnastics. Objective: To analyze the effect of exercise fitness on the elderly on blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Research Methods: Quasy experimental study with one group pretest-posttest design. Research result ; The analysis showed that the systolic blood pressure pre test and post test in the table obtained p value 0,000 (p <0.05), while the results of the analysis of diastolic blood pressure measurements pre test and post test obtained p value of 0.059 (p> 0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant difference between the systolic blood pressure values of the pre-test and post-test after doing fitness exercises for the elderly. There were no significant differences in the values of diastolic blood pressure pre-test and post-test after doing fitness exercises for the elderly.Keywords : Fit Exercise, elderly, hypertension, blood pressure
Voting Experiences, Perceptions of Fraud, and Voter Confidence
Authors: Alvarez R. Michael , Cao Jian , Li Yimeng
Published: February 2021

Assuring voter confidence is important for the legitimacy of democratic elections. In this paper we take advantage of a large online survey of registered voters in a single election jurisdiction, Orange County (CA), that was implemented immediately after the November 2018 midterm elections, to test four hypotheses about the correlates of voter confidence. Voters who cast mail ballots are less confident about their own votes being counted correctly than in-person voters. For both types of voters, those who have poor experiences with the voting process are much less likely to report confidence in the election. Also voters who have strong concerns about election fraud are less likely to report being confident in the election. Our last result indicates that information from news and social media is associated with a decline in voter confidence in election administration at the national level.
Pluronic F127-Modified Electrospun Fibrous Meshes for Synergistic Combination Chemotherapy of Colon Cancer
Authors: Xie Dengchao , Ma Panpan , Ding Xin , Yang Xiao , Duan Lian , Xiao Bo , Yi Shixiong
Published: February 2021

Colon cancer ranks as the third most common malignancy in the world. Combination chemotherapy, resorting to electrospun fibrous technology, has been considered as a promising strategy to exert synergistic effects in colon cancer treatment. Herein, we manufactured various pluronic F127 (PF127)-modified electrospun fibrous meshes with different weight ratios of camptothecin (CPT) and curcumin (CUR). The fluorescence characterization of the obtained PF127-CPT-meshes, PF127-CUR-meshes, and PF127-CPT/CUR-meshes (2:1) showed that CPT and CUR were evenly distributed within individual fibers of these meshes. Drug release experiments revealed that both types of drugs could be released from fibrous meshes simultaneously and sustainably. Importantly, these meshes exhibited strong in vitro anti-colon cancer activities, compared with the control meshes without drugs. Moreover, the combination index values of the PF127-CPT/CUR-meshes (CPT/CUR weight ratio = 5:1, 3:1, or 2:1) were <0.5 after incubation for respective 24 and 36 h, indicating the synergistic anti-colon cancer effects of CPT and CUR in fibrous meshes. Collectively, these results demonstrate that PF127-CPT/CUR-meshes can be developed as an efficient implantable system for effective synergistic treatment of colon cancer.
Genome-Wide Analysis of Differentially Expressed miRNAs and Their Associated Regulatory Networks in Lenses Deficient for the Congenital Cataract-Linked Tudor Domain Containing Protein TDRD7
Authors: Anand Deepti , Al Saai Salma , Shrestha Sanjaya K. , Barnum Carrie E. , Chuma Shinichiro , Lachke Salil A.
Published: February 2021

Mutations/deficiency of TDRD7, encoding a tudor domain protein involved in post-transcriptional gene expression control, causes early onset cataract in humans. While Tdrd7 is implicated in the control of key lens mRNAs, the impact of Tdrd7 deficiency on microRNAs (miRNAs) and how this contributes to transcriptome misexpression and to cataracts, is undefined. We address this critical knowledge-gap by investigating Tdrd7-targeted knockout (Tdrd7-/-) mice that exhibit fully penetrant juvenile cataracts. We performed Affymetrix miRNA 3.0 microarray analysis on Tdrd7-/- mouse lenses at postnatal day (P) 4, a stage preceding cataract formation. This analysis identifies 22 miRNAs [14 over-expressed (miR-15a, miR-19a, miR-138, miR-328, miR-339, miR-345, miR-378b, miR-384, miR-467a, miR-1224, miR-1935, miR-1946a, miR-3102, miR-3107), 8 reduced (let-7b, miR-34c, miR-298, miR-382, miR-409, miR-1198, miR-1947, miR-3092)] to be significantly misexpressed (fold-change ≥ ± 1.2, p-value < 0.05) in Tdrd7-/- lenses. To understand how these misexpressed miRNAs impact Tdrd7-/- cataract, we predicted their mRNA targets and examined their misexpression upon Tdrd7-deficiency by performing comparative transcriptomics analysis on P4 and P30 Tdrd7-/- lens. To prioritize these target mRNAs, we used various stringency filters (e.g., fold-change in Tdrd7-/- lens, iSyTE-based lens-enriched expression) and identified 98 reduced and 89 elevated mRNA targets for overexpressed and reduced miRNAs, respectively, which were classified as “top-priority” “high-priority,” and “promising” candidates. For Tdrd7-/- lens overexpressed miRNAs, this approach identified 18 top-priority reduced target mRNAs: Alad, Ankrd46, Ceacam10, Dgat2, Ednrb, H2-Eb1, Klhl22, Lin7a, Loxl1, Lpin1, Npc1, Olfm1, Ppm1e, Ppp1r1a, Rgs8, Shisa4, Snx22 and Wnk2. Majority of these targets were also altered in other gene-specific perturbation mouse models (e.g., Brg1, E2f1/E2f2/E2f3, Foxe3, Hsf4, Klf4, Mafg/Mafk, Notch) of lens defects/cataract, suggesting their importance to lens biology. Gene ontology (GO) provided further insight into their relevance to lens pathology. For example, the Tdrd7-deficient lens capsule defect may be explained by reduced mRNA targets (e.g., Col4a3, Loxl1, Timp2, Timp3) associated with “basement membrane”. GO analysis also identified new genes (e.g., Casz1, Rasgrp1) recently linked to lens biology/pathology. Together, these analyses define a new Tdrd7-downstream miRNA-mRNA network, in turn, uncovering several new mRNA targets and their associated pathways relevant to lens biology and offering molecular insights into the pathology of congenital cataract.
Dysbiosis of the Saliva Microbiome in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Li Na , Li Yangyang , Qian Chen , Liu Qing , Cao Wei , Ma Mo , He Rongbo , Chen Rourou , Geng Rong , Liu Yu
Published: February 2021

Significant differences in salivary microbiota communities between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients and healthy controls have been reported, and interestingly, some salivary microbiota exhibit diurnal oscillation in healthy people. However, whether the diurnal oscillation of salivary microbiota is present in PCOS patients is unknown. In this study, we describe the differences in the saliva microbiome between the PCOS group and the control group at different time points over 24 h. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed on salivary and fecal samples from 10 PCOS patients and 10 healthy controls, and salivary samples were collected at 6-h intervals over 24 h (Zeitgeber (ZT)0, ZT6, ZT12, and ZT18). Among the salivary samples, those from the PCOS group showed significant differences from those of the control group at each time point. Differences were evident in taxa level and metabolic pathways. Interestingly, we found that PCOS disrupted the diurnal rhythm of the salivary microbiota abundance, as determined in the group of healthy women. In addition, no similar changes were found in PCOS patients and controls between the oral and fecal microbiota, including differential microbiota at the phylum level. In this study, significant differences in the composition of the salivary microbiota between PCOS and healthy women were detected at different time points. We also showed that the diurnal rhythm of relative abundance of the salivary microbiota was disrupted in patients with PCOS, which might be related to development of oral-related diseases and systematic metabolic disorders.
PEGylated Serp-1 Markedly Reduces Pristane-Induced Experimental Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage, Altering uPAR Distribution, and Macrophage Invasion
Authors: Guo Qiuyun , Yaron Jordan R. , Wallen John W. , Browder Kyle F. , Boyd Ryan , Olson Tien L. , Burgin Michelle , Ulrich Peaches , Aliskevich Emily , Schutz Lauren N. , Fromme Petra , Zhang Liqiang , Lucas Alexandra R.
Published: February 2021

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is one of the most serious clinical complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The prevalence of DAH is reported to range from 1 to 5%, but while DAH is considered a rare complication there is a reported 50–80% mortality. There is at present no proven effective treatment for DAH and the therapeutics that have been tested have significant side effects. There is a clear necessity to discover new drugs to improve outcomes in DAH. Serine protease inhibitors, serpins, regulate thrombotic and thrombolytic protease cascades. We are investigating a Myxomavirus derived immune modulating serpin, Serp-1, as a new class of immune modulating therapeutics for vasculopathy and lung hemorrhage. Serp-1 has proven efficacy in models of herpes virus-induced arterial inflammation (vasculitis) and lung hemorrhage and has also proved safe in a clinical trial in patients with unstable coronary syndromes and stent implant. Here, we examine Serp-1, both as a native secreted protein expressed by CHO cells and as a polyethylene glycol modified (PEGylated) variant (Serp-1m5), for potential therapy in DAH. DAH was induced by intraperitoneal (IP) injection of pristane in C57BL/6J (B6) mice. Mice were treated with 100 ng/g bodyweight of either Serp-1 as native 55 kDa secreted glycoprotein, or as Serp-1m5, or saline controls after inducing DAH. Treatments were repeated daily for 14 days (6 mice/group). Serp-1 partially and Serp-1m5 significantly reduced pristane-induced DAH when compared with saline as assessed by gross pathology and H&E staining (Serp-1, p = 0.2172; Serp-1m5, p = 0.0252). Both Serp-1m5 and Serp-1 treatment reduced perivascular inflammation and reduced M1 macrophage (Serp-1, p = 0.0350; Serp-1m5, p = 0.0053), hemosiderin-laden macrophage (Serp-1, p = 0.0370; Serp-1m5, p = 0.0424) invasion, and complement C5b/9 staining. Extracellular urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor positive (uPAR+) clusters were significantly reduced (Serp-1, p = 0.0172; Serp-1m5, p = 0.0025). Serp-1m5 also increased intact uPAR+ alveoli in the lung (p = 0.0091). In conclusion, Serp-1m5 significantly reduces lung damage and hemorrhage in a pristane model of SLE DAH, providing a new potential therapeutic approach.
How to Develop and Implement a Computerized Decision Support System Integrated for Antimicrobial Stewardship? Experiences From Two Swiss Hospital Systems
Authors: Catho Gaud , Centemero Nicolo S. , Waldispühl Suter Brigitte , Vernaz Nathalie , Portela Javier , Da Silva Serge , Valotti Roberta , Coray Valentina , Pagnamenta Francesco , Ranzani Alice , Piuz Marie-Françoise , Elzi Luigia , Meyer Rodolphe , Bernasconi Enos , Huttner Benedikt D. ,   The COMPASS Study Group
Published: February 2021

Background: Computerized decision support systems (CDSS) provide new opportunities for automating antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) interventions and integrating them in routine healthcare. CDSS are recommended as part of AMS programs by international guidelines but few have been implemented so far. In the context of the publicly funded COMPuterized Antibiotic Stewardship Study (COMPASS), we developed and implemented two CDSSs for antimicrobial prescriptions integrated into the in-house electronic health records of two public hospitals in Switzerland. Developing and implementing such systems was a unique opportunity for learning during which we faced several challenges. In this narrative review we describe key lessons learned.

Recommendations: (1) During the initial planning and development stage, start by drafting the CDSS as an algorithm and use a standardized format to communicate clearly the desired functionalities of the tool to all stakeholders. (2) Set up a multidisciplinary team bringing together Information Technologies (IT) specialists with development expertise, clinicians familiar with “real-life” processes in the wards and if possible, involve collaborators having knowledge in both areas. (3) When designing the CDSS, make the underlying decision-making process transparent for physicians and start simple and make sure to find the right balance between force and persuasion to ensure adoption by end-users. (4) Correctly assess the clinical and economic impact of your tool, therefore try to use standardized terminologies and limit the use of free text for analysis purpose. (5) At the implementation stage, plan usability testing early, develop an appropriate training plan suitable to end users' skills and time-constraints and think ahead of additional challenges related to the study design that may occur (such as a cluster randomized trial). Stay also tuned to react quickly during the intervention phase. (6) Finally, during the assessment stage plan ahead maintenance, adaptation and related financial challenges and stay connected with institutional partners to leverage potential synergies with other informatics projects.
Historical Landslide Fatalities in British Columbia, Canada: Trends and Implications for Risk Management
Authors: Strouth Alex , McDougall Scott
Published: February 2021

According to a Canadian government database, landslides are the most common type of disaster that occurs in the province of British Columbia. Recently there has been a trend in British Columbia toward using quantitative risk assessments to estimate life-loss risk at landslide hazard sites, and to compare these estimates with risk tolerance thresholds to determine the necessity for, and extent of, risk management measures. These risk estimates are most often calibrated by so-called ‘expert judgment’ because historical landslide fatality data are not readily available. This article addresses this gap by summarizing available historical data to better inform expert judgment. It shows that fatalities caused by landslides in British Columbia are rare (approximately one fatality per year in the last decade) and have decreased with time despite rapid population growth. Approximately half of these fatalities in the last decade are related to debris flows and debris floods that impact houses, whereas the other half are related to rockfalls, debris flows, and debris floods that impact highways. A comparison with other hazard types in the Canadian government’s disaster database suggests that, while not particularly deadly, landslides are still important because of the economic damage and service disruptions they cause. Although the data are specific to British Columbia, the methods for identifying and presenting landslide risk trends could be modified and adopted in other world regions where landslide fatality data are collected and quantitative risk management methods are utilized.
Experimental Investigation on the Separation Performance for a New Oil-Water Separator
Authors: Zhan Min , Yang Wanyou , Zhang Fenghui , Luo Changhua , Wu Huaxiao , Guo Peiwen , Shen Qiong , Zeng Xiaobo , Yan Changqi
Published: February 2021

To reduce the cost of oil exploitation, it is necessary to promote the development of cyclones for oil-water separation due to the increase of the water content in produced fluids. However, there are some limitations and disadvantages for the conventional separation device including bulky settling tanks and hydrocyclones. In this paper, a new axial inlet separator with two reverse flow outlets and a downstream flow outlet is introduced. In addition, an experimental system was designed and fabricated to investigate the effects of inlet flow rate, oil fraction, and a controlled split ratio on separation performance. The separator maintains high separation efficiency within the experimental range, namely water flow rate (4–7 m3/h), and oil fraction (1%–10%). Furthermore, the results show that a higher water flow rate and oil fraction will affect the separation efficiency. The change of a pressure drop in the separator was analyzed as well. Moreover, the controlled split ratio is a serious operating parameter, and a larger controlled split ratio is conducive to the separation performance.
Influence of THF and THF/SDS on the Kinetics of CO2 Hydrate Formation Under Stirring
Authors: Wang Hongliang , Wu Qiang , Zhang Baoyong
Published: February 2021

Hydrate-based gas separation is a potential technology for CO2 recovery and storage, and its products can be used for fire prevention and control in mines. Promoters are often employed to accelerate or moderate hydrate formation. In this study, experiments were performed to examine the effects of different concentrations of the thermodynamic promoter tetrahydrofuran (THF) and kinetic promoter sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) on CO2 hydrate formation under stirring. The results showed that THF significantly shortens the induction time of CO2 hydrates; however, because THF occupies a large cavity in the hydrate structure, it also reduces the gas absorption and hydrate formation rate. SDS has no obvious effect on the induction time of hydrates, but it can increase the gas storage density and hydrate formation rate. Using THF and SDS together consumed more CO2 than using THF alone or pure water. The peak gas consumption rate was 2.3 times that of the THF system. The hydrate formation efficiency was improved by including both THF and SDS, which maximized both the hydrate formation rate and total gas uptake.