bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Particle Shape on Tortuosity of Non-Spherical Particle Packed Beds
Authors: Rodrigues Simson Julian , Vorhauer-Huget Nicole , Richter Thomas , Tsotsas Evangelos
Published: December 2022

Tortuosity in packed beds or porous media is of significant interest in many fields, from geoscience to the chemical industry. Tortuosity plays a significant role in the mass transport in porous media, but also in their residual thermal or electric conductivity when the particles are not conducting. Several predictive models have been proposed to evaluate tortuosity, but there is still a gap when it comes to considering various particle shapes. The preponderance of tortuosity models substantiated in the literature are porosity-dependent while only a few include shape parameters. In this work, we propose a new model with sphericity and porosity to predict the tortuosity based on thermal simulations carried out with non-conducting particles for domains with no wall effect. The beds generated from rigid body simulations are compared and studied for different particle shapes with a sphericity range of 0.65–1. Sphericity showed a significant effect on the tortuosity compared with other 3D shape parameters (numbers of faces, edges, and vertices); therefore, only sphericity has been considered in the new model. The proposed new model is well suited for the porosity range of 0.3 to 0.4. In said ranges, it is an upgrade of the classical Zehner–Bauer–Schlünder (ZBS) model for the effective thermal conductivity of packed beds, with superior performance.
Recursive Approaches for Multi-Layer Dividend Strategies in a Phase-Type Renewal Risk Model
Authors: Papaioannou Apostolos D. , Ramsden Lewis
Published: December 2022

In this paper we consider a risk model with two independent classes of insurance risks in the presence of a multi-layer dividend strategy. We assume that both of the claim number processes are renewal processes with phase-type inter-arrival times. By analysing the Markov chains associated with the two given phase-type distributions of the inter-arrival times, algorithmic schemes for the determination of explicit expressions for the Gerber–Shiu expected discounted penalty function, as well as the expected discounted dividend payments are derived, using two different approaches.
What Is Next in Computer-Assisted Spine Surgery? Advances in Image-Guided Robotics and Extended Reality
Authors: Móga Kristóf , Ferencz Andrea , Haidegger Tamás
Published: December 2022

Background: This article provides a scoping review on the current status of Image-Guided Navigation with various forms of digital technologies, including Extended Reality, Augmented Reality Head-Mounted Displays (AR–HMDs) and Robot-Assisted Surgery (RAS) for Pedicle Screw Placement in orthopedics and spine surgery. Methods: A scoping literature review was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar and IEEE Xplore databases to collect clinical and user satisfaction data on AR–HMDs and compare those with RAS outcomes. In vivo patient, cadaver and phantom trial accuracy data reports were identified and grouped through the analysis. Over the past two years, 14 publications were retrieved and analyzed. Pedicle screw placement accuracy was described with Linear Tip Error (LTE), Angular Trajectory Error (ATE) and Gertzbein–Robbins Scale (GRS) outcomes. Results: The Pedicle Screw Placement accuracy was seen to increase in the in vivo, cadaver and phantom model groups using AR-HMD compared to the Free-Hand insertion technique. User experience and satisfaction data were limited; however, a clear advantage for the operative results was described when it was added. RAS screwing showed similar accuracy outcomes. The need for benchmarking and quantified situation awareness for AR–HMDs is recognizable. The authors present a method for standardized scoring and visualization of surgical navigation technologies, based on measurements of the surgeon (as the end-users) user satisfaction, clinical accuracy and operation time. Conclusions: computer-technology driven support for spine surgery is well-established and efficient for certain procedures. As a more affordable option next to RAS, AR–HMD navigation has reached technological readiness for surgical use. Ergonomics and usability improvements are needed to match the potential of RAS/XR in human surgeries.
Spatial Distribution of Muscular Effects of Acute Whole-Body Electromyostimulation at the Mid-Thigh and Lower Leg—A Pilot Study Applying Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Götz Marina , Heiss Rafael , von Stengel Simon , Roemer Frank , Berger Joshua , Nagel Armin , Uder Michael , Kemmler Wolfgang
Published: December 2022

Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) is an innovative training method that stimulates large areas simultaneously. In order to determine the spatial distribution of WB-EMS with respect to volume involvement and stimulation depth, we determined the extent of intramuscular edema using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a marker of structural effects. Intense WB-EMS first application (20 min, bipolar, 85 Hz, 350 µs) was conducted with eight physically less trained students without previous WB-EMS experience. Transversal T2-weighted MRI was performed at baseline and 72 h post WB-EMS to identify edema at the mid-thigh and lower leg. The depth of the edema ranged from superficial to maximum depth with superficial and deeper muscle groups of the mid-thigh or lower leg area approximately affected in a similar fashion. However, the grade of edema differed between the muscle groups, which suggests that the intensity of EMS-induced muscular contraction was not identical for all muscles. WB-EMS of the muscles via surface cuff electrodes has an effect on deeper parts of the stimulated anatomy. Reviewing the spatial and volume distribution, we observed a heterogeneous pattern of edema. We attribute this finding predominately to different stimulus thresholds of the muscles and differences in the stress resistance of the muscles.
Automatic Assessment of Functional Movement Screening Exercises with Deep Learning Architectures
Authors: Spilz Andreas , Munz Michael
Published: December 2022

(1) Background: The success of physiotherapy depends on the regular and correct unsupervised performance of movement exercises. A system that automatically evaluates these exercises could increase effectiveness and reduce risk of injury in home based therapy. Previous approaches in this area rarely rely on deep learning methods and do not yet fully use their potential. (2) Methods: Using a measurement system consisting of 17 inertial measurement units, a dataset of four Functional Movement Screening exercises is recorded. Exercise execution is evaluated by physiotherapists using the Functional Movement Screening criteria. This dataset is used to train a neural network that assigns the correct Functional Movement Screening score to an exercise repetition. We use an architecture consisting of convolutional, long-short-term memory and dense layers. Based on this framework, we apply various methods to optimize the performance of the network. For the optimization, we perform an extensive hyperparameter optimization. In addition, we are comparing different convolutional neural network structures that have been specifically adapted for use with inertial measurement data. To test the developed approach, it is trained on the data from different Functional Movement Screening exercises and the performance is compared on unknown data from known and unknown subjects. (3) Results: The evaluation shows that the presented approach is able to classify unknown repetitions correctly. However, the trained network is yet unable to achieve consistent performance on the data of previously unknown subjects. Additionally, it can be seen that the performance of the network differs depending on the exercise it is trained for. (4) Conclusions: The present work shows that the presented deep learning approach is capable of performing complex motion analytic tasks based on inertial measurement unit data. The observed performance degradation on the data of unknown subjects is comparable to publications of other research groups that relied on classical machine learning methods. However, the presented approach can rely on transfer learning methods, which allow to retrain the classifier by means of a few repetitions of an unknown subject. Transfer learning methods could also be used to compensate for performance differences between exercises.
Toward Trusted IoT by General Proof-of-Work
Authors: Hsueh Chih-Wen , Chin Chi-Ting
Published: December 2022

Internet of Things (IoT) is used to describe devices with sensors that connect and exchange data with other devices or systems on the Internet or other communication networks. Actually, the data not only represent the concrete things connected but also describe the abstract matters related. Therefore, it is expected to support trust on IoT since blockchain was invented so that trusted IoT could be possible or, recently, even metaverse could be imaginable. However, IoT systems are usually composed of a lot of device nodes with limited computing power. The built-in unsolved performance and energy-consumption problems in blockchain become more critical in IoT. The other problems such as finality, privacy, or scalability introduce even more complexity so that trusted IoT is still far from realization, let alone the metaverse. With general Proof of Work (GPoW), the energy consumption of Bitcoin can be reduced to less than 1 billionth and proof of PowerTimestamp (PoPT) can be constructed so that a global even ordering can be reached to conduct synchronization on distributed systems in real-time. Therefore, trusted IoT is possible. We reintroduce GPoW with more mathematic proofs so that PoPT can be optimal and describe how PoPT can be realized with simulation results, mining examples and synchronization scenario toward trusted IoT.
Assessment of the Uncertainty Associated with Statistical Modeling of Precipitation Extremes for Hydrologic Engineering Applications in Amman, Jordan
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamad Najib
Published: December 2022

Estimates of extreme precipitation are commonly associated with different sources of uncertainty. One of the primary sources of uncertainty in the statistical modeling of precipitation extremes comes from extreme data series (i.e., sampling uncertainty). Therefore, this research aimed to quantify the sampling uncertainty in terms of confidence intervals. In addition, this article examined how the data record length affects predicted extreme precipitation estimates and data set statistics. A nonparametric bootstrap resample was utilized to quantify the precipitation quantile sampling distribution at a particular non exceedance probability. This sampling distribution can provide a point estimation of the precipitation quantile and the confidence interval at a particular non exceedance probability. It has been shown that the different types of probability distributions fit the extreme precipitation data series of various weather stations. Therefore, the uncertainty analysis should be conducted using the best-fit probability distribution for extreme precipitation data series rather than a predefined single probability distribution for all stations based on modern extreme value theory. According to the 95% confidence intervals, precipitation quantiles are subject to significant uncertainty and the band of the uncertainty intervals increases with the return period. These uncertainty bounds need to be integrated into any frequency analysis from historical data. The average, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis are highly affected by the data record length. Thus, a longer record length is desirable to decrease the sampling uncertainty and, therefore, decrease the error in the predicted quantile values. Moreover, the results suggest that a series of at least 40 years of data records is needed to obtain reasonably accurate estimates of the distribution parameters and the precipitation quantiles for 100 years return periods and higher. Using only 20 to 25 years of data to obtain estimates of the higher return period quantile is risky, since it created high sampling variability relative to the full data length.
Dynamic Evolution of Avian RNA Virus Sensors: Repeated Loss of RIG-I and RIPLET
Authors: Krchlíková Veronika , Hron Tomáš , Těšický Martin , Li Tao , Ungrová Lenka , Hejnar Jiří , Vinkler Michal , Elleder Daniel
Published: December 2022

Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) are key RNA virus sensors belonging to the RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) family. The activation of the RLR inflammasome leads to the establishment of antiviral state, mainly through interferon-mediated signaling. The evolutionary dynamics of RLRs has been studied mainly in mammals, where rare cases of RLR gene losses were described. By in silico screening of avian genomes, we previously described two independent disruptions of MDA5 in two bird orders. Here, we extend this analysis to approximately 150 avian genomes and report 16 independent evolutionary events of RIG-I inactivation. Interestingly, in almost all cases, these inactivations are coupled with genetic disruptions of RIPLET/RNF135, an ubiquitin ligase RIG-I regulator. Complete absence of any detectable RIG-I sequences is unique to several galliform species, including the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus). We further aimed to determine compensatory evolution of MDA5 in RIG-I-deficient species. While we were unable to show any specific global pattern of adaptive evolution in RIG-I-deficient species, in galliforms, the analyses of positive selection and surface charge distribution support the hypothesis of some compensatory evolution in MDA5 after RIG-I loss. This work highlights the dynamic nature of evolution in bird RNA virus sensors.
COVID-19 Model with High- and Low-Risk Susceptible Population Incorporating the Effect of Vaccines
Authors: Ibrahim Alhassan , Humphries Usa , Khan Amir , Iliyasu Bala Saminu , Baba Isa , Rihan Fathalla
Published: December 2022

It is a known fact that there are a particular set of people who are at higher risk of getting COVID-19 infection. Typically, these high-risk individuals are recommended to take more preventive measures. The use of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and the vaccine are playing a major role in the dynamics of the transmission of COVID-19. We propose a COVID-19 model with high-risk and low-risk susceptible individuals and their respective intervention strategies. We find two equilibrium solutions and we investigate the basic reproduction number. We also carry out the stability analysis of the equilibria. Further, this model is extended by considering the vaccination of some non-vaccinated individuals in the high-risk population. Sensitivity analyses and numerical simulations are carried out. From the results, we are able to obtain disease-free and endemic equilibrium solutions by solving the system of equations in the model and show their global stabilities using the Lyapunov function technique. The results obtained from the sensitivity analysis shows that reducing the hospitals’ imperfect efficacy can have a positive impact on the control of COVID-19. Finally, simulations of the extended model demonstrate that vaccination could adequately control or eliminate COVID-19.
Rendering Ukrainian Historical Terminology of the Old Rus’ Period into English
Authors: Vozna Marina , Slavova Liudmyla
Published: December 2022

The article presents a study that focuses on approaches to rendering Ukrainian historical terminology related to the Old Rus' period into English selected en masse from Ukrainian and English academic texts on history, with a special focus on culture-specific terminology. Historical terms for translation purposes are categorised into non-culture-specific historical terminology reflecting universal concepts of historical science, and culture-specific historical terminology. The purpose of the article is to determine specific methods for Ukrainian-English translation of historical terminology of the Old Rus' period. The paper discusses approaches and methods used by English-speaking academics to secondary term formation, taking place when rendering concepts denoting Ukrainian original culture-specific terminology into English. Different groups of historical terms are described with a special focus on onomastic terminology. It is demonstrated that the historical context should be taken into account for the correct designation of a historical concept. Non-culture-specific historical terminology is predominantly rendered by existing equivalents, which were formed through phonological adaptation and/or calque translation. The most appropriate technique for rendering culture-specific Ukrainian historical terminology is shown to be combined renomination, the method that uses both a transcription and a description of a historical concept.
Analysis of EFL students’ Errors in Writing at the Higher Teachers’ Training College of N’Djamena
Authors: Ngarsou Voudina
Published: December 2022

This paper set to carry out an experimental study on ten students who were randomly selected and divided into two groups: control group (CG) and treatment group (TG). After being taught, the control group was asked to write a composition. The treatment group was also asked to write a composition on the same topic. This paper then compared their results. The findings in the study of the control group indicated that the most common errors committed by the learners were spelling errors which recorded the highest percentage with 24.24%, followed by word choice errors with 15.15%, and adjective related errors having 12.12%. Finally, this article indicates that the writing of learners of English as a foreign language was not free from errors even though they were appropriately taught.
Análisis de los parámetros fisicoquímicos de la perforación del pozo exploratorio Chocol-1 ubicado entre la ciudad de Comalcalco-Paraíso para la identificación de un posible yacimiento
Authors: Méndez-González José del Carmen , Villareal-Ibarra Edelia Claudina
Published: December 2022

La búsqueda de hidrocarburos ha obligado a perforar a mayores profundidades, esto exige a la industria petrolera retos cada vez mayores y difíciles de vencer, la presente investigación se llevó a cabo con datos proporcionados del pozo exploratorio Chocol-1 ubicado a 8 km al sur de la ciudad de Paraíso, así como a 10 km al norte de la ciudad de Comalcalco.

Para la perforación del pozo Chocol-1 se hizo uso de la correlación, la cual se ha considerado como una de las técnicas más aplicables en la industria petrolera, donde se obtienen datos de primera instancia mediante la comparación de ciertos parámetros, para ello se tomaron datos de los pozos Pareto-1, Arrastradero-201 y Aarrastradero-301. El uso de la metodología de correlación proporciona datos veraces que permiten extrapolar a trabajo de campo, con un ahorro significativo en herramientas, equipos, personal, y además una disminución en el número de pozos exploratorios, ayudando con esto a minimizar costos en diversos conceptos.
La desigualdad social como práctica colectiva, más allá de la igualdad de oportunidades
Authors: Vite-Pérez Miguel Ángel
Published: December 2022

El objetivo del artículo fue la configuración de una interpretación acerca de la desigualdad social como parte de una sociedad capitalista, que ha sufrido cambios en el momento en que se desligó el trabajo asalariado de las protecciones sociales, derivadas de un sistema de bienestar estatal. Esto generó una desigualdad social multiplicada, donde la asistencia social, ha resultado insuficiente para detener las consecuencias negativas de una vulnerabilidad fragmentada, anclada en el principio de la igualdad de las oportunidades, ajustada con la aceptación de la desigualdad por méritos.
Participación ciudadana y prácticas democráticas: Un análisis desde el uso de las redes sociales y escolaridad
Authors: Martínez-García Ramsés Daniel , Carrillo-Hinojosa Alejandra Paola
Published: December 2022

Son numerosos los estudios (Norris, 2001; Muñiz, 2015; Díaz y Góngora, 2019) que han declarado la importancia del uso de redes sociales y la escolaridad de los ciudadanos como ámbitos esenciales para comprender la participación cívica y democrática en temas de interés sociopolítico. El presente trabajo se realiza con el objetivo de analizar la asociación entre las variables escolaridad y uso de redes sociales (YouTube, Facebook y Twitter) para estar informado de asuntos de interés nacional. Para lo cual, se utilizó una submuestra de 20,323 sujetos seleccionados de la Encuesta Nacional de Cultura Cívica del año 2020. El criterio de selección fue tener 18 y más años. La hipótesis de investigación fue que la escolaridad y el uso de redes sociales (Facebook, Twitter y YouTube) están asociadas en el fomento de la participación ciudadana en temas de interés nacional y asuntos de la vida democrática. Los resultados demostraron que, en efecto, tal como señala la literatura especializada, existe una relación de asociación entre las variables de interés y la participación ciudadana en temas de interés sociopolítico. Para la realización del análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba chi2 para determinar la asociación entre las variables de estudio, encontrándose un valor= 2050.1, con una significancia p= 0.05. Por consiguiente, se comprueba la hipótesis de investigación.
Análise do parâmetro do movimento em verbos de concordância reversa na Língua de Sinais Brasileira (LSB)
Authors: Naves Rozana , Maria Santana da Silva Keyla , De Matos Ferraz Andrade Alliny , Marcella de Velasco Bárbara , Huelva Uniternbäumen Enrique
Published: December 2022

Neste artigo analisamos o parâmetro do movimento dos verbos de concordância reversa na Língua de Sinais Brasileira (LSB), a fim de explicar a diferença morfossintática entre esses verbos e os demais verbos com concordância (STROBEL; FERNANDES, 1998; QUADROS; KARNOPP, 2004; LOURENÇO; DUARTE, 2014, entre outros). Partindo do trabalho de Huelva Unternbäumen e Naves (2016, 2017), desenvolvemos a hipótese de que a mudança de direcionalidade do parâmetro do movimento nos verbos reversos deve ser analisada como a expressão morfossintática do argumento deslocado (em lugar da expressão morfossintática das respectivas funções gramaticais de sujeito e objeto). Propomos que, enquanto no português as funções gramaticais são cognitivamente mais proeminentes para a marcação de concordância morfossintática, na LSB o elemento cognitivo mais proeminente é o argumento deslocado.
O uso de dêixis por um afásico e a manutenção da intersubjetividade no contexto da telefonoaudiologia
Authors: Oliveira Lívia , Abritta Carolina , Barreto Krícia
Published: December 2022

Este artigo se propôs a investigar o uso dêixis por um afásico a fim de compreender o gerenciamento da intersubjetividade na interação no contexto institucional da telefonoaudiologia. As análises da fala em interação foram subsidiadas teórico-metodologicamente sobretudo por estudos da Análise da Conversa, contando também com contribuições advindas do campo da Pragmática sobre dêixis. Os dados naturalísticos, gravados em vídeos, foram transcritos de acordo com convenções sugeridas por autores da área e analisados sequencialmente. Os resultados das análises revelaram que o paciente afásico, habilidosamente, valendo-se do uso de dêixis associadas a gestos, orientou as interpretações dos seus interlocutores acerca da sua fala/ das suas ações, garantindo, assim, o sucesso da comunicação por vias multimodais.
4-H Summer of STEM: A Practical Approach to Increasing Workforce Readiness
Authors: Mitchell-Hawkins Vernelle , Mellon Jessica
Published: December 2022

4-H Summer of STEM is a workforce readiness program for high school youth. The goals of the program are to increase students’ interest in STEM careers, improve college and workforce readiness, and connect youth to businesses and industries in the local community. Selected youth receive hands-on development of workforce readiness skills, are paired with a STEM mentor for job shadowing, and participate in college campus visits. Preliminary findings show that participants reported having a positive relationship between participation in 4-H youth development programs and career skills. This article introduces the 4-H Summer of STEM and offers suggestions for implementation.
COVID-19 prognosis and laboratory parameters
Authors: AKÇA Hatice Şeyma
Published: December 2022

Dear editör,

We read your article titled ‘The Relationship of Laboratory Parameters and Rates with Prognosis and Mortality in COVID-19 Infection’ with interest (1). We think that this study will contribute to the literature in terms of the prognosis of COVID-19.
Forest Restoration Potential in China: Implications for Carbon Capture
Authors: Jiang Xin , Ziegler Alan D , Liang Shijing , Wang Dashan , Zeng Zhenzhong
Published: December 2022

Reforestation is an eco-friendly strategy for countering rising carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere and the negative effects of forest loss and degradation. China, with one of the world’s most considerable afforestation rates, has increased its forest cover from 16.6% 20 years ago to 23.0% by 2020. However, the maximum potential forest coverage achieved via tree planting and restoration is uncertain. To map potential tree coverage across China, we developed a random forest regression model relating environmental factors and appropriate forest types. We estimate 67.2 million hectares of land currently available for tree restoration after excluding existing forested areas, urban areas, and agriculture land covers/uses, which is 50% higher than the current understanding. Converting these lands to the forest would generate 3.99 gigatons of new above- and belowground carbon stocks, representing an important contribution to achieving carbon neutrality. This potential is spatially imbalanced, with the largest restorable carbon potential being located in the southwest (29.5%), followed by the northeast (17.2%) and northwest (16.8%). Our study highlights the need to align tree restoration areas with the uneven distribution of carbon sequestration potential. In addition to being a biological mitigation strategy to partially offset carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel burning, reforestation should provide other environmental services such as the restoration of degraded soils, conservation of biological diversity, revitalization of hydrological integrity, localized cooling, and improvement in air quality. Because of the collective benefits of forest restoration, we encourage that such activities be ecosystem focused as opposed to solely focusing on tree planting.
Orientational Chirality, Its Asymmetric Control, and Computational Study
Authors: Jin Shengzhou , Wang Yu , Tang Yao , Wang Jia-Yin , Xu Ting , Pan Junyi , Zhang Sai , Yuan Qiankai , Rahman Anis Ur , McDonald James D. , Wang Guo-Qiang , Li Shuhua , Li Guigen
Published: December 2022

Orientational chirality was discovered and characterized by a C(sp)–C(sp
3
) axis-anchored chiral center and a remotely anchored blocker. X-ray structural analysis proved that orientatiomers are stabilized by through-space functional groups, making it possible for 1
R
- or
S
-chiral center to exhibit 3 orientational isomers simply by rotating operations. A new model system was proposed, fundamentally different from the traditional Felkin–Ahn-type or Cram-type models. In these traditional models, chiral C(sp
3
) center and blocking C(sp
2
) carbons are connected adjacently, and there exist 6 energy barriers during rotating along the C(sp
2
)−C(sp
3
) axis. In comparison, the present orientational chirality model shows that a chiral C(sp)–C(sp
3
) carbon is remotely located from a blocking group. Thus, it is focused on the steric dialog between a chiral C(sp
3
) center and a remotely anchored functional group. There exist 3 energy barriers for either (
R
)– or (
S
)–C(sp)–C(sp
3
) stereogenicity in the new model. Chiral amide auxiliary was proven to be an excellent chiral auxiliary in controlling rotations of orientatiomers to give complete stereoselectivity. The asymmetric synthesis of individual orientatiomers was conducted via multistep synthesis by taking advantage of the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling and Sonogashira coupling reactions. Density functional theory computational study presented optimized conformers and relative energies for individual orientatiomers. This discovery would be anticipated to result in a new stereochemistry topic and have a broad impact on chemical, biomedical, and material sciences in the future.
New Approximation Operators using Combined Edges Systems
Authors: Jaffer Hussein R. , Al’Dzhabri Khalid Sh.
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we introduce new approximation operators such as first lower approximation and first upper approximation of a sub undirected graph ƕ ⊆ Ω by using incident edges system and non-incident edges system respectively. Some properties of these concepts are investigated. In addition the first accuracy of lower and upper approximation operators are introduced and some of its characteristics are studied.
ANALISIS USAHA INDUSTRI TEMPE KEDELAI DI DESA KACANGAN KECAMATAN NGUNUT KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG
Authors: Herry Nur Faisal Herry Nur Faisal , Hajar Prasekti Yuniar
Published: December 2022

Tempe merupakan sumber protein dan serat yang sangat bermanfaat bagi tubuh kita. Meskipun tergolong sebagai bahan pangan tradisional, tempe masih banyak digemari oleh masyarakat kita. Terutama bagi vegetarian yang membutuhkan protein nabati sebagai pengganti protein hewani.  Dalam proses pembuatan tempe yang dijalankan dengan menganalisis struktur biaya yang dilakukan serta menganalisis penerimaan dan pendapatan usaha pembuatan tempe. Adapun pembuatan tempe adalah pemilihan biji, kedelai, dibersihkan dari kotoran, pencucian, perebusan, perendaman.

Dari hasil penelitian pendapatan usaha pembuatan tempe di Desa Kacangan setiap responden dapat diketahui dari selisih penerimaan dengan biaya-biaya yang telah dikeluarkan. Besarnya pendapatan yang diperoleh pengusaha tempe di Desa Kacangan pada bulan April 2022 Rp 57.647.000. Dengan rata-rata setiap responden adalah Rp 19.215.666. Total biaya yang dikeluarkan pada pembuatan tempe adalah sebesar Rp 3.360.000/hr. Proporsi terbesar dikeluarkan untuk penyediaan bahan-bahan yang mencapai 82,75%. Biaya tenaga kerja yang digunakan adalah tenaga kerja dalam keluarga. Pada analisis ini biaya tenaga kerja dalam keluarga ikut di perhitungkan sebagai komponen biaya produksi.

Hasil perhitungan terhadap penerimaan dari usaha tempe dapat diketahui rata-rata tempe yang dihasilkan setiap hari Rp 1.120.000.Pendapatan bersih usaha ini adalah selisih antara pendapatan kotornya (penerimaan) dengan pengeluaran total yang digunakan untuk usahanya (usaha tempe). Sehingga pendapatan usahanya adalah selisih antara penerimaan semua biaya dengan formulasi sebagai berikut :Jika dihitung dengan tingkat efisiensi, maka dapat diketahui melalui perbandingan antara besarnya penerimaan dengan biaya yang di kenal dengan R/C ratio.

Dari perhitungan R/C ratio di dapatkan bahwa R/C ratio produksi tempe di Desa Kacangan menghasilkan R/C ratio di atas 1 ini berarti usaha produksi tempe di Desa Kacangan yang dilakukan sampel adalah efisien dan menguntungkan sehingga disimpulkan layak secara ekonomi layak untuk di kembangkan. Rasio tersebut berarti bahwa setiap penambahan satu-satuan biaya produksi akan memberikan peningkatan penerimaan sebesar 2,33%.
Uji Lama Simpan Benih Kedelai Varietas Dering dan Argomulyo terhadap Mutu Fisiologi Benih
Authors: Endrawati Tri , Kurnia Ardi Angelita
Published: December 2022

Budidaya tanaman kedelai mempunyai beberpa hambatan salah satu factor hambatan yaitu adanya kemunduran benih akibat lamanya penyimpanan. Untuk mengatasi adanya kemunduran benih perlunya suatu penelitian yang mengetahui lama simpan varietas kedelai terhadap mutu fiologi benih sehingga dapat diketahui pada lama simpan berapa benih masih tetap dapat digunakan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui mutu fisiologi benih kedelai varietas Dering dan Argomulyo terhadap lama simpan serta untuk mendapatkan perlakuan terbaik mutu fisiologi benih kedelai varietas Dering dan Argomulyo terhadap lama simpan. Penelitian akan dilaksanakan di Desa Rejowinangun Kecamatan Kademangan Kabupaten Blitar Mei 2022 – Agustus 2022. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) split plot, dimana perlakuan  yaitu varietas Dering (VD) dan varietas Argomulyo (VA), dengan penyimpanan 1, 2 dan 3 bulan. tiap perlakuan dikali 3 diulang 3 kali sehingga terdapat 18 unit perlakuan, yaitu sebagai berikut : VD : Benih varietas Dering, VA : Benih varietas Argomulyo. Data yang telah di peroleh akan dianalisis dengan analisis ragam. Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan (UJBD) diikuti pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% jika analisis memiliki dampak nyata. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan lama simpan 1 bulan dengan varietas argomulyo memiliki mutu fisiologi meliputi daya kecambah, indeks vigor serta kecepatan tumbuh yang paling baik dan rata-rata menurunya mutu fisiologi terdapat pada lama penyimpanan 3 bulan dengan varietas dering.
Emotional intelligence from an Islamic educational perspective
Authors: Abbas Rami , Alshrifeen Emad
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to demonstrate the concept of emotional intelligence from an Islamic educational perspective, through the definition of emotions and emotional intelligence and related terms, and then to describe the classification of emotions and their relation to emotional intelligence and to trace the positive effects of emotional intelligence compared to the negative effects of emotional intelligence in the individual. Finally, explain the methodology of Islam in building emotional intelligence in the human soul. The researchers used the descriptive analytical approach. The main findings of the study were: rooting and editing the terms of study from an Islamic educational point of view, dividing the emotions into positive and negative, indicating the relation of this classification to the extent of the individual's possession of emotional intelligence, and determining the most important positive effects of emotional intelligence on the individual and society levels, Weakness or lack thereof, and the pivotal result is to draw a preliminary picture of Islamic methodology in building emotional intelligence in the human psyche.

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى بيان الذكاء الانفعالي من منظور تربوي إسلامي، وذلك من خلال تعريف الانفعالات والذكاء الانفعالي والمصطلحات ذات العلاقة، ثم بيان تصنيف الانفعالات وعلاقة ذلك بالذكاء الانفعالي، مع تتبع الآثار الإيجابية لوجود الذكاء الانفعالي مقارنة بالآثار السلبية لضعف الذكاء الانفعالي لدى الفرد، وأخيراً الكشف عن منهجية الإسلام في بناء الذكاء الانفعالي في النفس الإنسانية. وقد استخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، ومن أبرز النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة: تأصيل وتحرير مصطلحات الدراسة من وجهة نظر تربوية إسلامية، وتقسيم الانفعالات إلى إيجابية وسلبية، وبيان علاقة هذا التصنيف بمدى امتلاك الفرد للذكاء الانفعالي، وتحديد أهم الآثار الإيجابية لامتلاك الذكاء الانفعالي على مستوى الفرد والمجتمع مقارنة بالآثار السلبية المترتبة على ضعفه أو انعدامه، والنتيجة المحورية رسم صورة أولية للمنهجية الإسلامية في بناء الذكاء الانفعالي في النفس الإنسانية.
Standards of textuality in the linguistic structure of Al-Jahiz’s “the book of misers”
Authors: Alsayyed Naeem , Al-Sharida Mohammed
Published: December 2022

Text grammar approach, is one of the latest western linguistic literature theories, using all its intellectual capacity and its literary composition techniques, grammatical and lexical, to tune texts according to: text coherence and cohesion and how the sentences are linked by a consistent theme tying its structure and ideas into dual logical connections that manifest the optimum terminological noble connotations. This all is taken into respect in the text grammar approach to release an enormous fulfilling power of expression for the reader to receive. Al-Jahiz’s “The book of misers” was chosen to reveal the manifestation of those standards in Al-Jahiz’s the linguistic structure to demonstrate that what text grammar approach has introduced, the textual standards and relations between sentences, is deeply rooted across the ancient Arabic eloquent literary heritage.

نظريّة نحو النصّ من أحدث الدّراسات اللغويّة اللسانيّة الغربيّة الحديثة التي تسعى جاهدة بكل مقوماتها الفكرية، ووسائلها السبكية النحوية والمعجمية إلى ضبط النصوص من حيث: تماسك النص، وتشكّله على حالة متناسقة عبر أنظمة معايير نصية قادرة على شدّ أواصره، وصهر تراكيبه النحويّة، وربط أفكاره بمجموعة من العلاقات الثنائيّة المنطقيّة التي تبرز أوج الدلالات السامية، وهذا كله مؤوّل عليه في نظريّة نحو النصّ؛ لتفجير طاقات تعبيرية هائلة غير مهدورة ليتلقاها المتلقي. واختير بخلاء للجاحظ ؛ للكشف عن تجلي تلك المعايير النصيّة في بنية الجاحظ اللغويّة؛ لإثبات أنَّ ما جاءت به نظريّة نحو النص من معايير نصية، وعلائق جملية ضارب بجذوره في تراثنا النقدي البلاغيّ القديم، بصورة جزئية متفرقة.
The area of Rum and Daisa, between the peripheral and tourist area
Authors: Alshbool Shatha , Barham Nasim
Published: December 2022

The study aimed to analyze the Peripheral reality of the areas of Rum and Daisa, and then study a "new" economic pattern based on the centrality of the local community and its traditional culture through the practice of a modern sector is tourism. To achieve these objectives, the study used the descriptive analytical and SWOT analysis of Rum and Daisa in terms of Peripheral and touristic areas. Peripheral and tourist, Peripheral reality represents the deterioration of infrastructure and socio-economic conditions on the one hand, the tourist reality represents the establishment of 211 camps belonging to 48 camps, including non-residents of Rum and Daisa and found that huge investments, while the local community has 163 camps investment small size is able to compete with foreign investments. The links between these camps and the visitor center are 1800 four-wheel for transporting tourists and desert tours and all belong to the local community.

هدفت الدراسة إلى تحليل الواقع الهامشي لمنطقتي رم والديسة ثم دراسة نمط اقتصادي "جديد" يقوم على مركزية المجتمع المحلي وثقافته التقليدية من خلال ممارسة قطاع حديث هو السياحة. ولتحقيق هذه الأهداف استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي وتحليل (SWOT) لمنطقتي رم والديسة من الناحية الهامشية والسياحية وكل هذا باستخدام المقابلة التي تمت مع العاملين في مركز الزوار وأصحاب المخيمات السياحية ومقابلة الجمعيات السياحية. توصلت الدراسة الى أن منطقتي رم و الديسة تجمع بين واقعين هامشي وسياحي فالواقع الهامشي تمثل بتردي البنية التحتية والأوضاع الاجتماعية والاقتصادية من جهة أما الواقع السياحي تمثل بإنشاء211 مخيما تعود ملكية 48 مخيم منها الى مستشمرين من غير أهل رم والديسة ووجد أنها استثمارات ضخمة، بينما يملك المجتمع المحلي 163 مخيم ذات حجم استثماري صغير غير قادرة على منافسة الإستثمارات الخارجية. وما يربط هذه المخيمات بمركز الزوار هو 1800 سيارة دفع رباعي لنقل السياح وللجولات السياحية الصحراوية وتعود جميعها للمجتمع المحلي.
The adequacy and efficiency of mosque services in salt city during the year 2019 using GIS
Authors: Arabeyyat Nuha
Published: December 2022

This study aims at identifying and evaluating the spatial distribution patterns of the mosques in Salt city for the year 2019, and then proposing the planning standards for mosques' establishment in the city, as well as assessing the future needs of the city of mosques Accordingly, there will be a proposal to the best distribution of the mosques in the city of Salt. The researcher uses the descriptive approach to achieve the objectives of the study; the data was collected from key informants, desk and electronic sources, in addition to the field survey, the data was then analyzed by using "Near Neighbor Analysis, and Cartographic Analysis" through "Geographic Information System (GIS)", and "Global Positioning System (GPS)". The study has concluded that the pattern of mosques' distribution in the city in is randomly, this means that most of the mosques in the city have not been established according to previously set plans. The study showed that there is lack in the number of mosques compared to the number of population and prayers in the city; the share of one prayer from the total space and built-up area is insufficient .The study recommended the necessity of developing planning standards for mosques establishment in the city and to have them distributed fairly in manner that suits the number of population and according to the recommended standards proposed in the study to meet the needs of of population in the City. The study also recommends the necessity of developing mosques' planning standards to be used in the different areas of the urban planning.

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحديد وتقييم نمط التوزيع المكاني للمساجد في مدينة السلط للعام 2019، ومن ثم اقتراح معايير تخطيطيّة لإنشاء المساجد في المدينة، وحساب احتياجات المدينة المستقبلية من المساجد، واقتراح التوزيع الأمثل لها. واعتمدت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة، حيث تم جمع البيانات من الجهات ذات العلاقة ومن المصادر المكتبية والإلكترونية، بالإضافة إلى المسح الميداني، وقد تم تحليل البيانات باستخدام أساليب تحليل الجار الأقرب والتحليل الكارتوجرافي من خلال توظيف برمجية نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS) وتقنية نظام التوقيع العالمي (GPS). توصلت الدراسة إلى أن نمط توزيع المساجد في المدينة هو التوزيع العشوائي، وهذا يعني أن معظم المساجد في المدينة لم تقم بناءً على تخطيط مسبق، وأظهرت الدراسة أن هناك نقصًا في أعداد المساجد مقارنة بأعداد السكان والمصلين في المدينة، وأن نصيب المصلي من المساحة الإجمالية والمساحة المبنية غير كافٍ. وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة وضع معايير تخطيطية لإنشاء المساجد في المدينة وتوزيعها توزيعًا عادلًا يتناسب مع عدد السكان، ووفق المعايير التخطيطيّة المقترحة، لإشباع حاجات السكّان من هذه الخدمات في مدينة السلط، أوصت كذلك بضرورة تطوير معايير تخطيط المساجد وذلك لتوظيفها في مجالات التخطيط العمراني المختلفة.
The rhetorical feature of chiasmus in the Quran and its translation into English
Authors: Al-Harahsheh Ahmad
Published: December 2022

The study aimed to investigate the linguistic functions, patterns and translation of chiasmus in the Quran. The sample of the study consisted of 32 different verses from the Quran accompanied with four reliable translations of the Quran, namely Palmer, Arberry, Pickthall and Yusuf Ali to examine how these chiasms translated into English. The study relied on Nida’s (1964) formal approach to translation as a theoretical framework. The study concludes that there are five chiastic patterns in Arabic in the Quran: double-chiasm (AB- BA), tripartite-chiasm (ABC-CBA), quad-chiasm (ABCD-DCBA), quintuple-chiasm (ABCDE-EDCBA) and hexa-chiasm (ABCDEF-FEDCBA). These chiasms are contrasted in the same verse or in the following verse. In addition, all the translators rendered chiasms literally in the Quran to maintain the form and the content of the message in English.

تتناول هذه الدراسة الوظائف اللغوية وانواع أسلوب المقابلة في القرءان الكريم وترجمتها للإنجليزية. وتكونت عينة الدراسة من أثنتين وثلاثين أية من القرءان الكريم مشفوعة بأربع ترجمات موثوقة للقرآن الكريم وهي: بالمر، و آربري وبيكثال ويوسف علي من أجل التأكد من كيفية ترجمة أسلوب المقابلة اللغوية الى اللغة الانجليزية في القرءان الكريم. واعتمدت الدراسة على نظرية التكافؤ الشكلي التي اقترحها نايدا عام 1964، وخلصت الدراسة الى ان هناك خمسة أنواع من المقابلات اللغوية في اللغة العربية وتصنف حسب العدد مثلا ثنائية، وثلاثية، ورباعية، وخماسية، وسداسية، وهذه المقابلات اللغوية قد تكون في نفس الآية او قد تمتد الى آيات أخرى. أضف الى ذلك ان جميع المترجمين استخدموا الترجمة الحرفية للمقابلات اللغوية من أجل المحافظة على نفس الشكل والمضمون في اللغة الإنجليزية.
Students' perceptions about electronic assessment and their relationships to learning styles and academic self-efficacy
Authors: Alkharusi Hussain , Al-Thuhli Rabee
Published: December 2022

The present study aimed to identify students' perceptions about electronic assessment and their relationships to learning styles and academic self-efficacy. The sample of the study consisted of 342 male and female students enrolled in the baccalaureate programs at Sultan Qaboos University for the second semester of the academic year 2019/2020. To achieve the goals of the study, three instruments were used after establishing their validity and reliability: Students' Perceptions about Electronic Assessment Questionnaire, Academic Self-Efficacy Beliefs Scale, and Preferred Learning Styles Scale. The results of the study showed that students had a neutral perception about electronic assessment and medium level of academic self-efficacy. Also, the results showed that the most preferred learning styles for students were in order: the participatory, competitive, and independent; whereas the least preferred learning styles for students were in order: the cooperative, dependent, and avoidant. Further, the results showed a mediating effect of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between some of the students' preferred learning styles and perceptions about electronic assessment, as well as a direct positive effect of the cooperative learning style on the perception of electronic assessment. The study came out with a set of recommendations and suggestions to enhance students' perceptions of electronic assessment.

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرف على تصورات الطلبة حول التقييم الإلكتروني وعلاقتها بأنماط التعلم وفاعلية الذات الأكاديمية. تكونت عينة الدراسة من 342 طالب وطالبة المسجلين في برامج البكالويوس بجامعة السلطان قابوس للفصل الدراسي الثاني من العام الأكاديمي 2019/2020م. لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم استخدام ثلاث أدوات تم التحقق من صدقها وثباتها، وهي: استبانة تصورات الطلبة حول التقييم الإلكتروني، ومقياس معتقدات الفاعلية الذاتية الأكاديمية، ومقياس أنماط التعلم المفضلة. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود تصور محايد لدى الطلبة عن التقييم الإلكتروني، ومستوى متوسط من الفاعلية الذاتية الأكاديمية. كما بينت النتائج أن أكثر أنماط التعلم تفضيلاً لدى الطلبة هي التشاركي، يليه التنافسي، ثم الاستقلالي، بينما جاءت أنماط التعلم التعاوني، والاعتمادي، والتجنبي أقل تفضيلا لديهم. وأظهرت النتائج أيضاً أثراً وسيطاً للفاعلية الذاتية الأكاديمية في العلاقة بين بعض أنماط التعلم المفضلة لدى الطلبة وتصوراتهم حول التقييم الإلكتروني، كما أسفرت عن وجود أثراً مباشراً في الاتجاه الإيجابي لنمط التعلم التعاوني على التصور حول التقييم الإلكتروني. وقد خرجت الدراسة بمجموعة من التوصيات والمقترحات لتعزيز تصورات الطلبة حول التقييم الإلكتروني.
Predicting materialism level through some demographic variables among A'sharqiyah University students in Oman
Authors: Alsoudi Sharif , ALsawafi Jokha , Joma Amjad
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to predict the Materialistic values through a set of demographic variables, among students of the A'Sharqiyah University in the Sultanate of Oman during the academic year 2019/2020, using a sample of (414) students, distributed by gender, academic level, and the college. The results indicated that the materialism of students in the A'Sharqiyah were at the intermediate level with an percent (55%), and that the level of materialism correlated Negatively and statistically significant with The academic level, academic achievement, and academic specialization, with correlation coefficients of (-0.20, -0.17, -0.10) respectively, where they explain (18%) of the variance in materialism values, then the regression equation for predicting the materialism Included these three variables using the stepwise multiple regression analysis. The study recommended conducting studies on the relationship between materialistic values and other psychological variables, and the design of counseling programs to reduce the level of materialism among university students.

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التنبؤ بالقيم المادية من خلال مجموعة من المتغيرات الديمغرافية (المستوى التعليمي للوالدين، الدخل الشهري للأسرة، المستوى الدراسي، التحصيل الأكاديمي، التخصص الأكاديمي، الجنس) لدى طلبة جامعة الشرقية في سلطنة عُمان خلال العام الدراسي 2019/2020، وذلك باستخدام عينة مكونة من (414) طالباً وطالبةً، موزعين حسب الجنس، المستوى الدراسي، والكلية العلمية، إذ أشارت النتائج إلى أن مستوى القيم المادية لدى طلبة جامعة الشرقية كان في المستوى المتوسط بنسبة مئوية بلغت (55%)، وإلى أن مستوى المادية يرتبط بشكل عكسي ودال إحصائياً مع متغيرات: المستوى الدراسي، التحصيل الأكاديمي، والتخصص الأكاديمي، بمعاملات ارتباط بلغت (-0.20، -0.17، -0.10) على التوالي، حيث فسّرت (18%) من التباين في القيم المادية، وقد تم التوصّل لمعادلة الانحدار الخاصة للتنبؤ بالقيم المادية باستخدام المتغيرات الثلاثة باستخدام تحليل الانحدار المتعدد المتدرج، وأوصت الدراسة بإجراء المزيد من الدراسات حول علاقة القيم المادية بالمتغيرات النفسية الأخرى، وتصميم برامج إرشادية لخفض مستوى المادية لدى طلاب الجامعات.