bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POTRET AKTIVITAS HACKER DI MEDIA SOSIAL UNTUK AKTUALISASI DIRI
Authors: Putra Ega Harlino , Gushevinalti
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas hacker di media sosial untuk aktualisasi diri yang dilihat dari ambisi dan keinginan seseorang untuk memenuhii kepuasan diri sendiri. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis deskriptif. Dengan 5 orang hacker sebagai 1 informan kunci dan 4 informan pendamping yang di pilih dengan teknik snowball sampling. Menggunakan teori Psikoanalisis dari Sigmund Freud. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara observasi yang relevan dengan penelitian kualitatif yang di bagi menjadi dua, yaitu pengumpulan data primer dan pengumpulan data sekunder. Pada pengumpulan data primer dibagi menjadi tiga, yaitu observasi non pastisipan, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Adapun hasil penelitian yaitu : (1) Proses hacker melakukan peretasan itu berawal dari sebuah perilaku menyimpang, (2) setiap individual hacker berada pada tingkat tak sadar saat melakukan kegiatan peretasan (3) tidak semua aktivitas yang dilakukan hacker adalah aktivitas negatif dan (4) hacker mendapatkan lebih kepuasan dengan melakukan kegiatan Show-off. Kata Kunci : Hacker, Aktualisasi Diri, Show-off, Teori Psikoanalisis
PENGARUH SLOGAN KAMPANYE PASANGAN KANDIDAT CALON WALIKOTA BENGKULU TERHADAP PERSEPSI PARA PEMILIH
Authors: Marwan Azhar , Hafizah Evi
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan Untuk melihat apakah ada pengaruh slogan kampanye pasangan calon terhadap persepsi para pemilih. Tipe penelitian ini merupakan tipe penelitian eksperimental ( experimental research ) dengan pendekatan kuantitatif . Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui uji variabel bebas ( Variabel X ) dan varibel terikat ( Variabel Y ) untuk melihat pengaruh variabel X secara langsung terhadap variabel Y. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah mahasiswa Universitas Muhamaddiyah dan Universitas Dehasen yang telah memenuhi syarat memilih serta berhak memilih. Sampling penelitian adalah Mahasiswa Komunikasi di dua Perguruan Tinggi Swasta di Kota Bengkulu, yaitu Universitas Muhammadiyah dan Universitas Dehasen. Hasil peneltian menunjukan bahwa: (1) tidak banyak yang mengetahui bunyi slogan kampanye pasangan calon walikota (2) Media yang paling banyak dikonsumsi oleh para responden adalah media Televisi dan media sosial. (3) Responden tidak begitu tertarik dengan Slogan Kampanye Pasangan Calon. (4) Slogan Kampanye yang bunyinya terlalu abstrak. (5) Responden dalam menentukan pilihannya pada pilwakot yang lalu tidak terlalu dipengruhi oleh Slogan Kampanye Pasangan Calon.
PLURALISME DALAM FILM MERAH PUTIH III
Authors: Putra Jaga Mitri Salhi , Supriyanto Heri
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana Pluralisme ditampilkan dalam Film Merah Putih III. Untuk mengungkap permasalahan tersebut secara menyeluruh dan mendalam, peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan memakai teori John Fiske yang berfokus dengan 3 elemen yaitu realitas, representamen, ideologi. digunakan untuk memberikan gambaran dan makna mengenai representasi Pluralisme dalam film Merah Putih III. Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa, 1. Film Merah Putih III mengangkat tentang rasa nasionalisme, film yang sangat kental akan pluralitas dalam setiap karakter atau penokohan, 2. Makna Pluralisme yang muncul dalam Film Merah Putih III merupakan bentuk dari tanda yang memiliki makna bahwa meskipun memiliki perbedaan latar belakang tetapi dapat disatukan dengan semangat Indonesia melalui merah putih yang bersemboyan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, 3. Konsep Bhineka Tunggal Ika menjadi pemicu semangat dalam memaknai pluralisme, memang sebuah negara memiliki budaya dan latar belakang yang berbeda namun perbedaan tersebut disatukan oleh ideologi yang sama, yakni ideologi Pancasila yang mengikat semua masyarakat Indonesia.Kata Kunci : Pluralisme, John Fiske, Merah Putih III.
PERSPEKTIF KOMUNIKASI DAN BUDAYA DALAM TRADISI MASYARAKAT JAWA DI KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Hadiprashada Dhanurseto
Published: February 2023

Wayang kulit dalam perspektif komunikasi menjadi sebagai sebuah media dalam bentuk seni pertunjukan. Fenomena ini ternyata menjadi salah satu media komunikasi yang efektif ketika pagelaran ini dilakukan setiap selasa kliwon oleh masyarakat Jawa yang ada di Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat fenomena budaya apa yang muncul dalam pagelaran wayang selasa kliwon di kota Bengkulu ditinjau dalam perspektif komunikasi. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik yang digunakan oleh peneliti dalam menentukan informan adalah teknik snow ball (bola salju). Penelitian ini di lakukan pada kelompok masyarakat jawa yang ada di Kota Bengkulu dan merupakan penyelenggara dalam pagelaran wayang kulit selasa kliwon. Hasil Penelitian didapat bahwa wayang kulit merupakan sebuah media yang sangat efektif dalam proses komunikasi dan menciptakan pola hubungan dialektik dalam pertukaran pesan yang terjadi sekaligus menguatkan konsep komunikasi dialogis dalam menjaga keharmonisan komunitas masyarakat Jawa di Kota Bengkulu

Kata kunci : dialogis, kliwon, komunikasi, wayang.
Strategi Promosi Studio Foto Ady_Photography Dalam Menarik Minat Konsumen
Authors: Prabowo Apriliyadi Anugeraha , Widiastuti Wahyu , Yuliati
Published: February 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi promosi studio foto Ady Photography dalam menarik minat konsumen. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan Teori Bauran Promosi (Promotion Mix), yaitu Periklanan (Advertising), dan Promosi penjualan (Sales Promotion). Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data, yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan data, penarikan kesimpulan serta menguji keabsahan data penelitian maka peneliti menggunakan Teknik triangulasi. Informan penelitian ditentukan dengan Teknik Purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa strategi Bauran Promosi (Promotion Mix) yang telah di terapkan oleh studio foto Ady Photography bahwa berhasil dalam menarik minat konsumen pada jasa yang ditawarkan. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh tanggapan para informan tentang strategi promosi yang dilakukan oleh studio foto Ady PhotographyKata Kunci : Fotografi, Pemasaran, Instagram
Persepsi Kaum Milenial mengenai figure Calon Gubernur Dari Hasil Polling Koran Rakyat Bengkulu (Studi Pada Mahasiswa Jurusan Manajemen Universitas Prof. Dr. Hazairin, SH Bengkulu)
Authors: Amaliah Uzie , Firmansyah Mas Agus , Saragih Rasianna Br.
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi kaum milenial terhadap figur calon gubernur dari hasil polling koran rakyat Bengkulu mahasiswa Universitas Profesor Hazairin Bengkulu. Peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data primer melalui angket dan data sekunder dari dokumentasi pustaka. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah data reduction, data display dan conclusion. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan menurut persepsi kaum milenial dari hasil poling pasangan calon Gubernur pada koran Rakyat Bengkulu memberikan sensasi atau pengalaman yang dirasakan terhadap paslon, melalui attention atau perhatian kaum milenial terhadap kepribadian masing-masing calon. Kaum milenial memandang pasangan calon berdasarkan memori atau ingatan akan hal apa saja yang telah dilakukan oleh pasangan calon untuk membangun Bengkulu, kemudian mereka menaruh ekspektasi kepada pasangan calon berdasarkan visi misi nya untuk membangun Bengkulu menjadi lebih sejahtera.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Objek Terkena Dampak (OTD) melalui Perubahan Mindset Pasca-Pembangunan Waduk Jatigede di Desa Cisurat, Kecamatan Wado, Kabupaten Sumedang
Authors: Wangsih Wangsih , Sarwani Sarwani , Sholihah Lilis
Published: February 2023

Masyarakat Desa Cisurat kecamatan Wado yang terkena dampak Pembangunan waduk Jatigede menyisakan permasalahan. Adapun permasalahan yang dihadapi adalah berkurangnya pemukiman dan hilangnya mata pencaharian. Adapun permasalahan yang dihadapi adalah berkurangnya pemukiman dan hilangnya mata pencaharian. Tujuan dari Pengabdian ini adalah untuk Mendeskripsikan perubahan mata pencaharian masyarakat OTD di Desa Cisurat Kecamatan Wado sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan pemberdayaan pasca pembangunan Waduk Jatigede. Pengabdian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode penelitian Action Research dari Davidson yang terdiri dari lima siklus yaitu: Melakukan diagnosis, Membuat rencana tindakan, Melakukan tindakan,Melakukan evaluasi; dan Pembelajaran. Adapun pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi . Hasil pengabdian menunjukan bahwa Mata pencaharian masyarakat OTD di desa cisurat kecamatan wado sebelum dilakukan pemberdayaan mayoritas sebagai petani bahkan buruh tani dan sesudah dilakukan pemberdayaan melalui penelitian tindakan hasilnya mengalami peningkatan dengan terbentuk kelompok usaha bersama (KUBE).Pemberdayaan yang dilakukan kami kepada masyarakat memiliki kendala yaitu adanya keterbatasan modal dan jaringan kemitraan. Untuk keterbatasan modal hendaknya pemerintah melalui dinas sosial pemberdayaan perempuan dan perlindungan anak, meningkatkan pemberian modal kepada KUBE – KUBE yang belum terdata sama DTKS melalui pemberian modal dengan jalinan kerja sama dengan KUR bank-bank yang ada di kabupaten Sumedang.Untuk keterbatasan jaringan kemitraan, hendaknya menjalin kemitraan dengan pihak swasta di bidang pemasaran dari hasil produk olahan makanan dan hasil ternak dengan memanfaatkan media online.
Meningkatkan Keterwakilan Perempuan di Ruang Publik dan Politik: Pendidikan Politik Perempuan dalam Program ‘Sekoper Cinta’ di Desa Cimuja, Kecamatan Cimalaka, Kabupaten Sumedang, Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Argawidyanti Tiara Navy , Ilham Teguh , Sari Agni Grandita Permata
Published: February 2023

Pemberdayaan perempuan diperlukan untuk menghilangkan berbagai bentuk diskriminasi pada bidang sosial, ekonomi, dan politik yang masih terjadi hingga saat ini. Kegiatan pengabdian yang dilaksanakan pada tanggal 23 dan 24 Maret 2022 ini bertujuan untuk meminimalisir berbagai permasalahan tersebut, yaitu dengan eduksi bagi 100 kaum perempuan di Desa Cimuja melalui sosialisasi terkait keterwakilan perempuan di ruang publik dan politik. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah, tanya-jawab, simulasi, dan kegiatan berkelompok. Kegiatan yang merupakan bagian dari Program ‘Sekoper Cinta’ Provinsi Jawa Barat ini berjalan dengan baik dibuktikan dengan antusiasme peserta dalam mengikuti sosialisasi. Diharapkan program serupa dapat dilakukan pada daerah lain agar kesetaraan gender dapat terwujud secara nasional.
A Rare Cause of Small Bowel Obstruction: Congenital Peritoneal Encapsulation
Authors: Dalbaşı Erkan , Gedik Ercan
Published: February 2023

Congenital peritoneal encapsulation (CPE) is a rare condition in which part or all of the small intestine is surrounded by an accessory peritoneal layer congenitally. Although it rarely causes small bowel obstruction, it is usually asymptomatic and the diagnosis is mostly made incidentally during surgery or autopsy. A 41-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department with diffuse and cramping pain lasting for approximately 8 hours. He had nausea and vomiting. No gas or faeces output for 72 hours. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed dilated abdominal small intestines and findings consistent with obstruction. The patient was hospitalized with the diagnosis of ileus. Decompression was performed with a nasogastric tube. It was decided to perform diagnostic laparoscopic surgery for the patient who did not respond to 24-hour observation and medical treatment. Laparoscopic examination revealed a thin membrane covering the small intestine from the terminal ileum to the middle of the jejunal segment on the right side of the abdomen. All adhesions were separated, the small intestines were released from the pressure of the accessory peritoneum and placed in the abdomen. The patient was discharged without complications on the 6th postoperative day. CPE should be considered in small bowel obstructions of unexplained etiology. Laparoscopic evaluation is effective in diagnosing CPE, but in cases where the long small bowel segment is affected, as in our case, we think that it would be appropriate to switch to open surgery to prevent morbidity, as well as the necessity of separating all bands
Effects and metabolism of fish collagen sponge in repairing acute wounds of rat skin
Authors: Wang Lei , Qu Yan , Li Wenjun , Wang Kai , Qin Song
Published: February 2023

Objective: Study the repair effect of tilapia collagen on acute wounds, and the effect on the expression level of related genes and its metabolic direction in the repair process.

Materials and methods: After the full-thickness skin defect model was constructed in standard deviation rats, the wound healing effect was observed and evaluated by means of characterization, histology, and immunohistochemistry. RT-PCR, fluorescence tracer, frozen section and other techniques were used to observe the effect of fish collagen on the expression of related genes and its metabolic direction in the process of wound repair.

Results: After implantation, there was no immune rejection reaction, fish collagen fused with new collagen fibers in the early stage of wound repair, and was gradually degraded and replaced by new collagen in the later stage. It has excellent performance in inducing vascular growth, promoting collagen deposition and maturation, and re-epithelialization. The results of fluorescent tracer showed that fish collagen was decomposed, and the decomposition products were involved in the wound repair process and remained at the wound site as a part of the new tissue. RT-PCR results showed that, without affecting collagen deposition, the expression level of collagen-related genes was down-regulated due to the implantation of fish collagen.

Conclusion: Fish collagen has good biocompatibility and wound repair ability. It is decomposed and utilized in the process of wound repair to form new tissues.
Mapping of the extracellular RBP4 ligand binding domain on the RBPR2 receptor for Vitamin A transport
Authors: Radhakrishnan Rakesh , Leung Matthias , Solanki Ashish K. , Lobo Glenn P.
Published: February 2023

The distribution of dietary vitamin A/all-trans retinol/ROL throughout the body is critical for maintaining retinoid function in peripheral tissues and for retinoid delivery to the eye in the support of visual function. In the circulation, all-trans-retinol bound to the RBP4 protein is transported and sequestered into target tissues for long-term storage. Two membrane receptors that facilitate all-trans retinol uptake from RBP4 have been proposed. While it is well established that the membrane receptor, STRA6, binds to circulatory RBP4 for ROL transport into the eye, the second vitamin A receptor, RBPR2, which is expressed in non-ocular tissues, is less characterized. Based on the structural homology between these two RBP4 receptors, published literature, and from our recent work in Rbpr2−/− deficient mice, we hypothesized that RBPR2 might also have high-binding affinity for RBP4 and this mechanism facilitates ROL transport. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the membrane topology and putative RBP4 binding residues on RBPR2 to understand its physiological function for retinoid homeostasis. Using in silico analysis and site-directed mutagenesis, we identified a potential RBP4 binding domain on RBPR2. We employed an in vitro cell-based system and confirmed that mutations of these residues on RBPR2 affected its binding to exogenous RBP4 and subsequently vitamin A uptake. Using Surface Plasmon Resonance assays, we analyzed both the binding affinities and kinetic parameters of wild-type RBPR2 and individual mutants affecting the RBPR2-RBP4 binding domain with its physiological ligand RBP4. These studies not only revealed a putative RBP4 binding domain on RBPR2 but also provided new structural, biochemical, and critical information on its proposed role in RBP4 binding for ROL transport and retinoid homeostasis.
Game theoretic optimisation in process and energy systems engineering: A review
Authors: Marousi Asimina , Charitopoulos Vassilis M.
Published: February 2023

Game theory is a framework that has been used by various research fields in order to represent dynamic correlation among stakeholders. Traditionally, research within the process and energy systems engineering community has focused on the development of centralised decision making schemes. In the recent years, decentralised decision-making schemes have attracted increasing attention due to their ability to capture multi-stakeholder dynamics in a more accurate manner. In this article, we survey how centralised and decentralised decision making has been facilitated by game theoretic approaches. We focus on the deployment of such methods in process systems engineering problems and review applications related to supply chain optimisation problems, design and operations, and energy systems optimisation. Finally, we analyse different game structures based on the degree of cooperation and how fairness criteria can be employed to find fair payoff allocations.
The protective role of EP300 in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Yang Lei , Tian Jinglin , Wang Jun , Zeng Jie , Wang Ting , Lin Boya , Linneman John , Li Li , Niu Yanqin , Gou Deming , Zhang Yunhui
Published: February 2023

Background

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a lethal disease characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling, which is mediated by the abnormal proliferation/migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Recent reports suggest the involvement of histone acetylation in PAH development and that histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have therapeutic potential for the treatment of PAH. EP300 is an acetyltransferase that plays diverse roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. However, the functions of EP3000 in PH are rarely studied.

Results

In this work, we found that the expression of EP300 was increased in the pulmonary arteries of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH rats. Knockdown of EP300 by AAV-mediated shRNA exacerbated the PH, with a higher right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI), and wall thickness in the pulmonary artery of MCT-induced PH rat. On the cellular level, the proliferation of PASMCs was promoted by EP300 knockdown. In addition, the expression of EP300 was increased in PASMCs by the overexpression of EGR1, while the deletion of EGR1 binding sites in the EP300 promoter region decreased the activity of EP300 promoter. Moreover, deleting the EP300 promoter region containing EGR1 binding sites using CRISPR/Cas9 abolished the upregulation of EP300 in MCT-induced rats and exacerbated MCT-induced PH. To summarize, our data indicate that EP300 upregulation mediated by EGR1 has a protective effect on MCT-induced PH.

Conclusion

These findings showed EP300 expression was increased in the MCT-induced PH model in rats, which could be mediated by EGR1; the EP300 also displayed the potential to provide protection from PH.
Biventricular circulatory support using single-device and dual-device configurations: Initial pump characterization in simulated heart failure model
Authors: Karimov Jamshid H. , Miyagi Chihiro , Flick Christine R. , Polakowski Anthony R. , Kuban Barry D. , Kuroda Taiyo , Horvath Dennis W. , Fukamachi Kiyotaka , Starling Randall C.
Published: February 2023

Objective

Severe biventricular heart failure (BHF) can be remedied using a biventricular assist device (BVAD). Two devices are currently in development: a universal ventricular assist device (UVAD), which will be able to assist either the left, right, or both ventricles, and a continuous-flow total artificial heart (CFTAH), which replaces the entire heart. In this study, the in vitro hemodynamic performances of two UVADs are compared to a CFTAH acting as a BVAD.

Methods

For this experiment, a biventricular mock circulatory loop utilizes two pneumatic pumps (Abiomed AB5000™, Danvers, MA, USA), in conjunction with a dual-output driver, to create heart failure (HF) conditions (left, LHF; right, RHF; biventricular, BHF). Systolic BHF for four different situations were replicated. In each situation, CFTAH and UVAD devices were installed and operated at two distinct speeds, and cannulations for ventricular and atrial connections were evaluated.

Results

Both CFTAH and UVAD setups achieved our recommended hemodynamic criteria. The dual-UVAD arrangement yielded a better atrial balance to alleviate LHF and RHF. For moderate and severe BHF scenarios, CFTAH and dual UVADs both created excellent atrial pressure balance. Conversely, when CFTAH was atrial cannulated for LHF and RHF, the needed atrial pressure balance was not met.

Conclusion

Comprehensive in vitro testing of two different BVAD setups exhibited self-regulation and exceptional pump performance for both (single- and dual-device) BHF support scenarios. For treating moderate and severe BHF, UVAD and CFTAH both functioned well with respect to atrial pressure regulation and cardiac output. Though, the dual-UVAD setup yielded a better atrial pressure balance in all BHF testing scenarios.
Research trends in transient receptor potential vanilloid in cardiovascular disease: Bibliometric analysis and visualization
Authors: Zhang Lingfeng , Xu Yantao , Ma Yingxu , Xie Tianjian , Liu Chan , Liu Qiming
Published: February 2023

Background

Transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) is one of the transient receptor potential protein groups; cardiovascular system disease is a crucial cause of mortality among people globally.

Objective

This article is intended to accomplish a bibliometric analysis of the trends and public interest since TRPV was reported for the first time.

Methods

The article summarized the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection on the relationship between TRPV and cardiovascular system disease each year from 2000 to 2021. Data extraction and visualization were completed by R package bibliometrix. Keyword citation burst and co-citation networks were generated and produced by CiteSpace. The map evaluating the distribution of country and region was painted in GunnMap 2 (lert.co.nz). The ranking was performed using the Standard Competition Ranking method. Co-authorship and co-occurrence were analyzed with VOSviewer.

Results

After removing duplicated data, books, conference proceedings, and articles of uncertain age, 493 were included, and 17 were excluded. The pattern of publication years showed that the number of publications increased rapidly from 2008 to 2021 with no peak in the number of publications until 2021. The geographical distribution pattern revealed a considerable gap in the number of publications between the United States, China, and other countries, with East Asian institutions leading the world in this area. The pattern of co-authorship showed that 77 institutions were divided into 19 clusters, each covering one country or region.

These results suggest that intercontinental cooperation among institutions should be strengthened. The core authors section displayed the change in the most published authors. Keyword analysis listed six burst keywords. Co-citation analysis of references from 2011 to 2021 showed the number and centrality of citations to leading articles.

Conclusion

Our findings reveal trends and public interest in transient receptor potential vanilloid for cardiovascular disease. These findings suggest that the field has experienced significant growth since 2008, with the United States and China in dominant positions. Our findings also suggest that intercontinental cooperation should be strengthened, and that future research hotspots may focus on pharmacological mechanisms and in-depth exploration of drug clinical trials and new clinical disease application areas such as hypertension, diabetes, and cardiac arrhythmias, which could serve as a foundation for further research.
Organic geochemistry of Ordovician ultra-deep natural gas in the north Shuntuoguole area, Tarim Basin, NW China: Insights into genetic types, maturity, and sources
Authors: Jia Zhenjie , Hou Dujie , Zhu Xiuxiang , Bian Jiejing , Ma Xiaoxiao
Published: February 2023

As a gas-rich region in the Tarim Basin, the northern Shuntuoguole area (also known as the Shunbei area) is an attractive prospect. Non-etheless, the debate about the origins of these natural gas continues. The analysis on the geological context, natural gas components, and the carbon and hydrogen isotope ratios prove that methane is the predominate component of alkane gases. Alkane gases’ carbon isotope fractionation (δ13C2 < −28‰ and δ13C3 < −25‰) shows that they are oil-associated gas, and their parent material type is I kerogen. Natural gas can be broken down further into three subgroups—Type I1, Type I2, and Type I3. Based on the link between the carbon number 1/n and δ13Cn of the gas. Modified plots of lnC1/C2 vs. lnC2/C3 reveal that kerogen cracking is the primary source of natural gas in the Shunbei area, and that this gas is combined with the contribution of oil cracking gas. Petroleum exploration and development in the Shunbei area can be justified on the basis that natural gas in the area originate primarily from Ordovician source rocks, as shown by carbon isotopic compositions.
Creep crack energy dissipation and instability prediction in micritic bioclastic limestone
Authors: Mo Zuguo , Qian Li , Yao Tianzhi , Gao Yunpeng , Zhang Ru , Liu Enlong , Zhang Jianhai
Published: February 2023

Time-dependent deformation and long-term stability of rocks are important issues in water conservancy and geotechnical engineering. Currently, there are no well-accepted theoretical criteria with which to predict stability and damage considering time-dependent deformation. In-depth research is still needed. Multilevel creep experiments were performed on micritic bioclastic limestone obtained from a continuously deforming tunnel in Xinjiang, China. Based on crack strain theory, the axial crack strain evolution characteristics during loading and creep processes were investigated. The evolutionary characteristics of the crack dissipation energy density, which was obtained via integration of the crack strain during loading and creep, were revealed. The energy dissipation leading to rock fracture in each multilevel creep experiment was identified and used to calculate the total energy dissipated at the point at which the rock loses strength. A rock instability index based on the creep crack dissipation energy density was proposed. An instability index evolution model was proposed, expressed as a surface for the change in instability index with the bearing state (Rd) and time. Based on the instability index surface, the stress threshold creep-sensitive stress σcs was defined. The time-dependent instability index surface was divided into a long-term stability zone (Z1), an initial time-dependent instability zone (Z2), a time-dependent instability stable evolution zone (Z3) and a time-dependent instability sensitive zone (Z4) by the crack initial stress, crack damage stress, and creep sensitive stress. The instability index model was established as an energy instability evolution criterion to evaluate and predict the rock instability and lifespan under specific stress states.
Poor glycaemic control and ectopic fat deposition mediates the increased risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in high-risk populations with type 2 diabetes: Insights from Bayesian-network modelling
Authors: Waddell T. , Namburete A. , Duckworth P. , Fichera A. , Telford A. , Thomaides-Brears H. , Cuthbertson D. J. , Brady M.
Published: February 2023

Background

An estimated 55.5% and 37.3% of people globally with type 2 diabetes (T2D) will have concomitant non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the more severe fibroinflammatory stage, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NAFLD and NASH prevalence is projected to increase exponentially over the next 20 years. Bayesian Networks (BNs) offer a powerful tool for modelling uncertainty and visualising complex systems to provide important mechanistic insight.

Methods

We applied BN modelling and probabilistic reasoning to explore the probability of NASH in two extensively phenotyped clinical cohorts: 1) 211 participants with T2D pooled from the MODIFY study & UK Biobank (UKBB) online resource; and 2) 135 participants without T2D from the UKBB. MRI-derived measures of visceral (VAT), subcutaneous (SAT), skeletal muscle (SMI), liver fat (MRI-PDFF), liver fibroinflammatory change (liver cT1) and pancreatic fat (MRI-PDFF) were combined with plasma biomarkers for network construction. NASH was defined according to liver PDFF >5.6% and liver cT1 >800ms. Conditional probability queries were performed to estimate the probability of NASH after fixing the value of specific network variables.

Results

In the T2D cohort we observed a stepwise increase in the probability of NASH with each obesity classification (normal weight: 13%, overweight: 23%, obese: 36%, severe obesity: 62%). In the T2D and non-T2D cohorts, elevated (vs. normal) VAT conferred a 20% and 1% increase in the probability of NASH, respectively, while elevated SAT caused a 7% increase in NASH risk within the T2D cohort only. In those with T2D, reducing HbA1c from the ‘high’ to ‘low’ value reduced the probability of NASH by 22%.

Conclusion

Using BNs and probabilistic reasoning to study the probability of NASH, we highlighted the relative contribution of obesity, ectopic fat (VAT and liver) and glycaemic status to increased NASH risk, namely in people with T2D. Such modelling can provide insights into the efficacy and magnitude of public health and pharmacological interventions to reduce the societal burden of NASH.
Holistic management of a smart city thermal energy plant with sewage heat pumps, solar heating, and grey water recycling
Authors: Fadnes Fredrik Skaug , Olsen Ernst , Assadi Mohsen
Published: February 2023

This article introduces a modern thermal energy plant consisting of sewage heat pumps, a biogas boiler, thermal solar collectors, and grey water recycling. It further discusses advanced methods to achieve energy efficiency in the plant operation. The project is a collaboration between the industrial plant designer, the municipal plant owner, and the local academic institution. The article presents the framework for the collaboration. The overall target is to investigate how the experience and competence of the three partners can lead to improved operation using data-driven methods and optimization strategies. The industrial partner can closely follow up on its design and increase its knowledge of artificial intelligence and data-driven methods. The municipal partner is given a “free-of-charge” system review. New knowledge and reduced life cycle costs and emissions are possible outcomes. The academic partner gets access to a “living green laboratory,” a unique dataset, and the opportunity to validate developed models and optimization strategies. The plant represents the state-of-the-art for a medium scaled, local thermal energy production system in an existing building cluster. The design energy and emission targets are presented and compared to the operational results. Though the municipal partner can report good agreement between targets and results, an evaluation of the day-to-day operation identified practical examples of system conditions that Artificial Intelligence may improve. The article concludes with a description of plans for future work and a broader discussion of the impacts of introducing data-driven methods to real-life systems.
Research on electrical load distribution using an improved bacterial foraging algorithm
Authors: Zhang Yi , Lv Yang
Published: February 2023

This paper proposes an improved bacterial foraging algorithm for electrical load distribution to impro-ve power plants’ efficiency and reduce energy consumption costs. In the chemotaxis stage, the adaptive step size is introduced to accelerate the random search speed compared with the traditional algorithm. In the replication stage, a hybrid crisscross operator is proposed to replace the traditional binary replication method in the algorithm to ensure the diversity of the population and improve the efficiency of the algorithm. The adaptive dynamic probability is used instead of the initial fixed probability to improve the global search performance of the algorithm. The mathematical model of electrical load distribution in a natural power plant is established, and the improved bacterial foraging algorithm is used to solve the model. Through comparative analysis of two power plant unit experiments, it is proved that the results of the improved algorithm can reduce 3.671% and 1.06% respectively compared with the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and 7.26% and 1.37% respectively compared with the traditional bacterial foraging algorithm, which can significantly reduce the coal consumption of the power plant.
Heavy metal pollution and risk assessment of tailings in one low-grade copper sulfide mine
Authors: Zhao Pingping , Chen Jinghe , Liu Tianfu , Wang Qiankun , Wu Zengling , Liang Shuqin
Published: February 2023

Analyzing the pollution level and ecological risk of heavy metals in tailings is a necessary step for conducting revegetation after a tailings pond’s closure. Herein, we determined the heavy metal pollution status and ecological risk in one low-grade copper sulfide tailings pond using chemical and mineralogical analysis, chemical extraction, and ecological risk assessment. The results showed that the low-grade copper sulfide tailings displayed a low pollution status and exhibited a very low ecological risk. Among six heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Cr, and Cd), only Cu (53.7 mg/kg) slightly exceeded its standard value limit (50 mg/kg), and was the main pollutant in the tailings. Due to its high toxicity, As had the maximum contribution to the potential ecological risk in the tailings. Pb, Zn, Cr, and Cd in the tailings were practically of no pollution, and at low or none potential ecological risk. In order to conduct revegetation in the tailings pond, more attention should be paid to the acidity change of tailings and its impact on the chemical activity and bioavailability of Cu and As. This research provides a theoretical basis for heavy metals risk control and revegetation in the low-grade copper sulfide tailings pond.
In search of an ideal template for therapeutic genome editing: A review of current developments for structure optimization
Authors: Shakirova Alena , Karpov Timofey , Komarova Yaroslava , Lepik Kirill
Published: February 2023

Gene therapy is a fast developing field of medicine with hundreds of ongoing early-stage clinical trials and numerous preclinical studies. Genome editing (GE) now is an increasingly important technology for achieving stable therapeutic effect in gene correction, with hematopoietic cells representing a key target cell population for developing novel treatments for a number of hereditary diseases, infections and cancer. By introducing a double strand break (DSB) in the defined locus of genomic DNA, GE tools allow to knockout the desired gene or to knock-in the therapeutic gene if provided with an appropriate repair template. Currently, the efficiency of methods for GE-mediated knock-in is limited. Significant efforts were focused on improving the parameters and interaction of GE nuclease proteins. However, emerging data suggests that optimal characteristics of repair templates may play an important role in the knock-in mechanisms. While viral vectors with notable example of AAVs as a donor template carrier remain the mainstay in many preclinical trials, non-viral templates, including plasmid and linear dsDNA, long ssDNA templates, single and double-stranded ODNs, represent a promising alternative. Furthermore, tuning of editing conditions for the chosen template as well as its structure, length, sequence optimization, homology arm (HA) modifications may have paramount importance for achieving highly efficient knock-in with favorable safety profile. This review outlines the current developments in optimization of templates for the GE mediated therapeutic gene correction.
Genome-wide identification, expression profiling, and functional analysis of ammonium transporter 2 (AMT2) gene family in cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz)
Authors: Xia Jinze , Wang Yu , Zhang Tingting , Pan Chengcai , Ji Yiyin , Zhou Yang , Jiang Xingyu
Published: February 2023

Background: Nitrogen (N), absorbed primarily as ammonium (NH4+) from soil by plant, is a necessary macronutrient in plant growth and development. Ammonium transporter (AMT) plays a vital role in the absorption and transport of ammonium (NH4+). Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has a strong adaptability to nitrogen deprivation. However, little is known about the functions of ammonium transporter AMT2 in cassava.

Methods: The cassava AMT2-type genes were identified and their characteristics were analyzed using bioinformatic techniques. The spatial expression patterns were analyzed based on the public RNA-seq data and their expression profiles under low ammonium treatment were studied using Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) method. The cassava AMT2 genes were transformed into yeast mutant strain TM31019b by PEG/LiAc method to investigate their functions.

Results: Seven AMT2-type genes (MeAMT2.1-2.7) were identified in cassava and they were distributed on 6 chromosomes and included two segmental duplication events (MeAMT2.2/MeAMT2.4 and MeAMT2.3/MeAMT2.5). Based on their amino acid sequences, seven MeAMT2 were further divided into four subgroups, and each subgroup contained similar motif constitution and protein structure. Synteny analysis showed that two and four MeAMT2 genes in cassava were collinear with those in the Arabidopsis and soybean genomes, respectively. Sixteen types of cis-elements were identified in the MeAMT2 promoters, and they were related to light-, hormone-, stress-, and plant growth and development-responsive elements, respectively. Most of the MeAMT2 genes displayed tissue-specific expression patterns according to the RNA-seq data, of them, three MeAMT2 (MeAMT2.3, MeAMT2.5, and MeATM2.6) expressions were up-regulated under ammonium deficiency. Complementation experiments showed that yeast mutant strain TM31019b transformed with MeAMT2.3, MeAMT2.5, or MeATM2.6 grew better than untransgenic yeast cells under ammonium deficiency, suggesting that MeAMT2.3, MeAMT2.5, and MeATM2.6 might be the main contributors in response to ammonium deficiency in cassava.

Conclusion: This study provides a basis for further study of nitrogen efficient utilization in cassava.
Specific cannabinoids revive adaptive immunity by reversing immune evasion mechanisms in metastatic tumours
Authors: Dada Sarah , Ellis Samantha L. S. , Wood Christi , Nohara Lilian L. , Dreier Carola , Garcia Nicolas H. , Saranchova Iryna , Munro Lonna , Pfeifer Cheryl G. , Eyford Brett A. , Kari Suresh , Garrovillas Emmanuel , Caspani Giorgia , Al Haddad Eliana , Gray Patrick W. , Morova Tunc , Lack Nathan A. , Andersen Raymond J. , Tjoelker Larry , Jefferies Wilfred A.
Published: February 2023

Emerging cancers are sculpted by neo-Darwinian selection for superior growth and survival but minimal immunogenicity; consequently, metastatic cancers often evolve common genetic and epigenetic signatures to elude immune surveillance. Immune subversion by metastatic tumours can be achieved through several mechanisms; one of the most frequently observed involves the loss of expression or mutation of genes composing the MHC-I antigen presentation machinery (APM) that yields tumours invisible to Cytotoxic T lymphocytes, the key component of the adaptive cellular immune response. Fascinating ethnographic and experimental findings indicate that cannabinoids inhibit the growth and progression of several categories of cancer; however, the mechanisms underlying these observations remain clouded in uncertainty. Here, we screened a library of cannabinoid compounds and found molecular selectivity amongst specific cannabinoids, where related molecules such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, and cannabigerol can reverse the metastatic immune escape phenotype in vitro by inducing MHC-I cell surface expression in a wide variety of metastatic tumours that subsequently sensitizing tumours to T lymphocyte recognition. Remarkably, H3K27Ac ChIPseq analysis established that cannabigerol and gamma interferon induce overlapping epigenetic signatures and key gene pathways in metastatic tumours related to cellular senescence, as well as APM genes involved in revealing metastatic tumours to the adaptive immune response. Overall, the data suggest that specific cannabinoids may have utility in cancer immunotherapy regimens by overcoming immune escape and augmenting cancer immune surveillance in metastatic disease. Finally, the fundamental discovery of the ability of cannabinoids to alter epigenetic programs may help elucidate many of the pleiotropic medicinal effects of cannabinoids on human physiology.
Control of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis load within infected bovine monocyte-derived macrophages is associated with host genetics
Authors: Badia-Bringué Gerard , Canive María , Alonso-Hearn Marta
Published: February 2023

The genetic loci influencing individual resistance to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infection are still largely unknown. In the current study, we searched for genetic loci associated with resistance to MAP infection by evaluating the performance of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) isolated from the peripheral blood of 75 healthy Holsteins cows and infected ex vivo with MAP. Bacterial load (log colony-forming units, log CFUs) within MDMs was quantified at 2 h and 7 days p. i. using a BACTEC MGIT 960 instrument. In addition, the expression levels of some genes with important roles in the innate immune response including epiregulin (EREG), complement component C3 (C3), galectin-9 (Gal9), and nitric oxide (NO-) were measured in the supernatant of the infected cells. DNA from peripheral blood samples of the animals included in the study was isolated and genotyped with the EuroG MD bead Chip (44,779 single nucleotide-polymorphisms, SNPs). Linear mixed models were used to calculate the heritability (h2) estimates for each indicator of MDM performance, MAP load within MDMs and EREG, C3, Gal9, and NO-expression. After performing a genome-wide association study, the only phenotypes that showed SNPs with a significant association were the bacterial load within MDMs at 2 h (h2 = 0. 87) and 7 days (h2 = 0.83) p.i. A total of 6 SNPs, 5 candidate genes, and one microRNA on the Bos taurus chromosomes BTA2, BTA17, BTA18, and BTA21 were associated with MAP load at 2 h p.i. Overlap was seen in two SNPs associated with the log CFUs at 2 h and 7 d p.i. The identified SNPs had negative regression coefficients, and were, therefore, associated with a low bacterial load within MDMs. Some of the identified SNPs were located within QTLs previously associated with longevity, reproductive, and udder health traits. Some of the identified candidate genes; Oxysterol Binding Protein Like 6, Cysteine and Serine Rich Nuclear Protein 3, and the Coiled-Coil Domain Containing 92 regulate cellular cholesterol trafficking and efflux, apoptosis, and interferon production, respectively. Taken together, our results define a heritable and distinct immunogenetic profile in MAP-infected macrophages designed to limit bacterial load early after infection.
Developing an m5C regulator–mediated RNA methylation modification signature to predict prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in rectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Rixin , Gan Wenqiang , Zong Jinbao , Hou Yufang , Zhou Mingxuan , Yan Zheng , Li Tiegang , Lv Silin , Zeng Zifan , Wang Weiqi , Zhang Fang , Yang Min
Published: February 2023

Background

Currently, a very small number of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) respond to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to investigate effective biomarkers to determine the responsiveness to ICI treatment. Recently, aberrant 5-methylcytosine (m5C) RNA modification has emerged as a key player in the pathogenesis of cancer. Thus, we aimed to explore the predictive signature based on m5C regulator–related genes for characterizing the immune landscapes and predicting the prognosis and response to therapies.

Methods

The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort was used as the training set, while GEO data sets, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis from paired frozen tissues, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) data from tissue microarray (TMA) were used for validation. We constructed a novel signature based on three m5C regulator–related genes in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma (READ) using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-Cox regression and unsupervised consensus clustering analyses. Additionally, we correlated the three-gene signature risk model with the tumor immune microenvironment, immunotherapy efficiency, and potential applicable drugs.

Results

The m5C methylation–based signature was an independent prognostic factor, where low-risk patients showed a stronger immunoreactivity phenotype and a superior response to ICI therapy. Conversely, the high-risk patients had enriched pathways of cancer hallmarks and presented immune-suppressive state, which demonstrated that they are more insensitive to immunotherapy. Additionally, the signature markedly correlated with drug susceptibility.

Conclusions

We developed a reliable m5C regulator–based risk model to predict the prognosis, clarify the molecular and tumor microenvironment status, and identify patients who would benefit from immunotherapy or chemotherapy. Our study could provide vital guidance to improve prognostic stratification and optimize personalized therapeutic strategies for patients with rectal cancer.
Enhancement of anti-tumor efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade by alpha-TEA
Authors: Redmond William L. , Kasiewicz Melissa J. , Akporiaye Emmanuel T.
Published: February 2023

Cancer immunotherapy such as anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) can provide significant clinical benefit in patients with advanced malignancies. However, most patients eventually develop progressive disease, thus necessitating additional therapeutic options. We have developed a novel agent, a-TEA-LS, that selectively induces tumor cell death while sparing healthy tissues, leading to increased activation of tumor-reactive T cells and tumor regression. In the current study, we explored the impact of combined a-TEA-LS + ICB in orthotopic and spontaneously arising murine models of mammary carcinoma. We found that a-TEA-LS + ICB led to increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines that were associated with a reduction in tumor growth and prolonged survival. Together, these data demonstrate the potential utility of a-TEA-LS + ICB for the treatment of breast cancer and provide the rationale for clinical translation of this novel approach.