bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cyclooxygenase inhibition does not impact the pressor response during static or dynamic mechanoreflex activation in healthy decerebrate rats
Authors: Rollins Korynne S. , Hopkins Tyler D. , Butenas Alec L. , Felice Kennedy P. , Ade Carl J. , Copp Steven W.
Published: June 2019

Passive limb movement and limb muscle stretch in humans and animals are common experimental strategies used to investigate activation of the muscle mechanoreflex independent of contraction-induced metabolite production. Cyclooxygenase (COX) metabolites, however, are produced by skeletal muscle stretch in vitro and have been found to impact various models of mechanoreflex activation. Whether COX metabolites influence the decerebrate rat triceps surae muscle stretch mechanoreflex model remains unknown. We examined the effect of rat triceps surae muscle stretch on the interstitial concentration of the COX metabolite prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Interstitial PGE2 concentration was increased above baseline values by 4 min of both static (38% increase, P = 0.01) and dynamic (56% increase, P < 0.01) triceps surae muscle stretch ( n = 10). The 4-min protocol was required to collect enough microdialysis fluid for PGE2 detection. The finding that skeletal muscle stretch in vivo was capable of producing COX metabolites prompted the hypothesis that intra-arterial administration of the COX inhibitor indomethacin (1 mg/kg) would reduce the pressor and cardioaccelerator responses evoked during 30 s (the duration most commonly used in the rat mechanoreflex model) of static and dynamic rat triceps surae muscle stretch. We found that indomethacin had no effect ( P > 0.05, n = 9) on the pressor or cardioaccelerator response during 30 s of either static or dynamic stretch. We conclude that, despite the possibility of increased COX metabolite concentration, COX metabolites do not activate or sensitize thin-fiber muscle afferents stimulated during 30 s of static or dynamic hindlimb skeletal muscle stretch in healthy rats.
Supporting Characteristics of Soldier Piles for Foundation Pits under Rainfall Infiltration
Authors: Huang Changxi , Wang Xinghua , Zhang Min , Zhou Hao , Liang Yan
Published: June 2019

The evolution of supporting characteristics of soldier piles for foundation pits under rainfall infiltration is described in this paper. Based on the Richards seepage equation and earth pressure theory considering the effect of intermediate principal stress of unsaturated soil, the approximate solution of permeability coefficient in unsaturated soil is developed using the Laplace integral transform and residue theorem. The transition of the boundary condition from flux boundary to head boundary is taken into account, and the rationality of the solution is verified. The safety factor of soldier piles’ stability against overturning is derived, and its displacements are obtained by the finite‐difference method. The results show that the stability of soldier piles gradually decreases with rainfall duration, and the actual embedded depth of the pile should be greater than the minimum embedded depth specified by the design code. The displacement response of pile top lags behind the rainfall and increases later in the rainfall period. The hysteresis time is shortened with the increase of soil permeability. Considering moisture absorption, the effect of rainfall on the properties of retaining structure is limited for the homogeneous soils with low suction or permeability.
Dual-Mode Circular Polarization Selective Surface Cell for Single-Layer Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Reflectarray
Authors: Liu Zheng , Lei Xue , Wu Jun-Mo , Xu Zhi-Jian
Published: June 2019

A dual-mode circular polarization selective surface (CPSS) cell based on a modification of the Pierrot cell is presented for single-layer dual-band circularly polarized (CP) reflectarray antenna design. To achieve dual-mode CP discrimination performance, the improved three-dimensional geometry and the high-order resonances of the CPSS cell are utilized. The required phase shifts in both modes are obtained by varying the cell rotation angle. A single-layer dual-band reflectarray operating with orthogonal CPs has been fabricated and tested. Measured results show the peak gains of 25.2 dBi at 11.6 GHz with 31% 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth and 26.5 dBi at 14.6 GHz with 32% 3 dB AR bandwidth, respectively. The measured efficiency is 41.2% at 11.6 GHz and 55.5% at 14.6 GHz.
Characterization and Quantification of Heavy Metals in Oued Sebou Sediments
Authors: Dra Abdelaiz , El Gaidoumi Abdelali , Tanji Karim , Chaouni Benabdallah Aziz , Taleb Abdeslem , Kherbeche Abdelhak
Published: June 2019

The discharge of large quantities of industrial and domestic effluents into the estuaries, with or without treatment, has led to an increase in the amount of micropollutants present in the sediments. In this study, we have assessed the quality of sediments of Sebou river studying the physicochemical parameters, percentage of organic matter, mineralogy, and trace levels of metal elements trapped in the sample sediments of Sebou river. The sediments samples were collected from the upstream of Fez river, confluence between the Fez river and the Sebou river, Ain Nokbi river, and edge of Sebou river, where wastewaters from the city of Fez are discharged. The sediments samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, while trace levels of metallic elements, Calcium, Zinc, Copper, Cadmium, Iron, and Nickel, were determined by the ICP-AES analysis. The obtained results show that there is a significant change in the values of the studied metals which is probably due to industrial effluents. Indeed, the metal content in the sediments reaches particularly high values exceeding the limit recommended by WHO. These results suggested that the pollution by metallic industrial effluents discharged without treatments poses potential threat to the receiving rivers and may represent a danger for humans which are exposed to pollutants due to the numerous uses of such river waters.
Research on M‐Paul Dynamic Constitutive Relation of Q235B Steel
Authors: Lin Li , Huang Bo , Xiao Xinke , Huang Minyuan , Liu Zhiying
Published: June 2019

In recent years, terrorist attacks and regional conflicts have increased and research on the resistance of building structures has been more highlighted. Q235B is a commonly used steel type in building structures, and there is an urgent need for research on its dynamic material properties. In this paper, Paul constitutive model was calibrated based on the material properties of Q235B steel. Based on the obtained results, it was found that the original model was not able to take into account temperature‐softening effect. Therefore, a temperature‐softening parameter was added into the temperature term of the original Paul model, and the modified M‐Paul constitutive model was developed. Then, numerical prediction results obtained from Q235B steel penetration experiments using J‐C (Johnson–Cook) and M‐Paul constitutive models were compared. It was observed that J‐C constitutive model significantly overestimated ballistic limit while estimations obtained from M‐Paul constitutive model were closer to experimental results. This observation verified the correctness and effectiveness of M‐Paul model and established a solid foundation for relevant research works on the impact resistance of building structures.
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase-9 Is a Therapeutic Target in MYC-Expressing Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Hashiguchi Taylor , Bruss Nur , Best Scott , Lam Vi , Danilova Olga , Paiva Cody J. , Wolf Joelle , Gilbert Erin W. , Okada Craig Y. , Kaur Prabhjot , Drew Lisa , Cidado Justin , Hurlin Peter , Danilov Alexey V.
Published: June 2019

Deregulation of the MYC transcription factor is a key driver in lymphomagenesis. MYC induces global changes in gene expression that contribute to cell growth, proliferation, and oncogenesis by stimulating the activity of RNA polymerases. A key feature in its ability to stimulate RNA Pol II activity is recruitment of pTEFb, an elongation factor whose catalytic core comprises CDK9/cyclin T complexes. Hence, MYC expression and function may be susceptible to CDK9 inhibition. We conducted a pre-clinical assessment of AZ5576, a selective CDK9 inhibitor, in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The in vitro and in vivo effects of AZ5576 on apoptosis, cell cycle, Mcl-1, and MYC expression were assessed by flow cytometry, immunoblotting, qPCR and RNA-Seq. We demonstrate that, in addition to depleting Mcl-1, targeting CDK9 disrupts MYC oncogenic function. Treatment with AZ5576 inhibited growth of DLBCL cell lines in vitro and in vivo, independent of cell-of-origin. CDK9 inhibition downregulated Mcl-1 and MYC mRNA transcript and protein in a dose-dependent manner. MYC-expressing cell lines demonstrated enhanced susceptibility to AZ5576. CDK9 inhibition promoted turnover of MYC protein, and decreased MYC phosphorylation at the stabilizing Ser62 residue and downregulated MYC transcriptional targets in DLBCL cells, a finding confirmed in a functional reporter assay, suggesting that CDK9 may govern MYC protein turnover, thus regulating its expression through multiple mechanisms. Our data suggest that targeting CDK9 is poised to disrupt MYC oncogenic activity in DLBCL and provide rationale for clinical development of selective CDK9 inhibitors.
Efficacy of Deep Brain Stimulation in a Patient with Genetically Confirmed Chorea-Acanthocytosis
Authors: Richard Alby , Hsu Joey , Baum Patricia , Alterman Ron , Simon David K.
Published: June 2019

Chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc) is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease due to mutation of the VPS13A gene encoding the protein chorein. ChAc is a slowly progressive disorder that typically presents in early adulthood, and whose clinical features include chorea and dystonia with involuntary lip, cheek, and tongue biting. Some patients also have seizures. Treatment for ChAc is symptomatic. A small number of ChAc patients have been treated with bilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus interna (GPi), and we now present an additional case. Patient chart, functional measures, and laboratory findings were reviewed from the time of ChAc diagnosis until 6 months after DBS surgery. Here, we present a case of ChAc in a 31-year-old male positive for VPS13A gene mutations who presented with chorea, tongue biting, dysarthria, weight loss, and mild cognitive dysfunction. DBS using monopolar stimulation with placement slightly lateral to the GPi was associated with significant improvement in chorea and dysarthria. This case adds to the current state of knowledge regarding the efficacy and safety of bilateral GPi-DBS for symptomatic control of drug-resistant hyperkinetic movements seen in ChAc. Controlled trials are needed to better assess the impact and ideal target of DBS in ChAc.
HER2-Positive Conversion in a Metastatic Liver Focus in Late Recurrent Breast Cancer
Authors: Kitahara Miyuki , Hozumi Yasuo , Nakamura Ayaka , Tachi Kana , Saitoh Hitoaki , Iijima Tatsuo
Published: June 2019

Late recurrence of estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer is common. When tissues from a recurrent or metastatic focus are available, re-evaluation of ER, progesterone receptor (PgR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status is recommended for treatment selection. This case report describes a 59-year-old woman who underwent surgery for left breast cancer, with a histopathological diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma (pathological stage T2N1aM0 Stage IIB, ER positive, PgR positive and HER2 negative). A health check-up 16 years after surgery revealed multiple hepatic mass lesions, and the patient was referred to our hospital for tests. Based on computed tomography, intrahepatic bile duct cancer or metastatic hepatic tumors were suspected, and a liver biopsy was performed. The histopathological diagnosis was a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (ER negative, PgR negative and HER2 positive), and the distinction from poorly differentiated intrahepatic bile duct cancer was difficult. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography revealed FDG accumulation in the patient’s bones and soft tissues, in addition to the hepatic tumors. The patterns and finding of metastasis were compatible with breast cancer recurrence, and the patient was diagnosed with postoperative recurrence of left breast cancer. Pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and docetaxel were started, and the therapeutic effect was assessed as a partial response. It was evident that in this case, the expression of hormone receptors and HER2 differed between the primary focus and the recurrence foci, and this contributed to the treatment strategy. Whenever possible, a biopsy should be performed for lesions that are suspected to be distal metastases.
Severe Infantile Bullous Pemphigoid Treated with Dapsone after Bridging with Systemic Glucocorticoid
Authors: Thomsen Kenneth , Deleuran Mette , Vestergaard Christian , Holm Mette , Riber-Hansen Rikke , Bech Rikke
Published: June 2019

We present a case of severe and treatment-refractory bullous pemphigoid in a 3-month-old child. After topical and systemic corticoid treatment proved inefficient, dapsone 0.75 mg/kg was added initially without success. Disease control was reached with dapsone 1.5 mg/kg in addition to both topical and systemic glucocorticoid treatment, leaving the child with several side effects of the glucocorticoid treatment.
Regulação do exercício de profissões de saúde: fragmentação e complexidade do modelo regulatório brasileiro e desafios para seu aperfeiçoamento
Authors: Aith Fernando Mussa Abujamra , Germani Ana Claudia Camargo , Balbinot Rachelle , Dallari Sueli Gandolfi
Published: June 2019

A regulação jurídica das profissões de saúde no Brasil é composta por um conjunto normativo amplo, complexo e fragmentado, que encontra sua base na Constituição Federal de 1988 e se complementa por uma extensa quantidade de leis, decretos, portarias e, principalmente, resoluções editadas pelos conselhos profissionais. O presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar os principais marcos legais que estruturam a regulação do exercício profissional no setor da saúde brasileiro, delineando, a partir dos resultados obtidos, o modelo de regulação do exercício de profissões de saúde no brasil. o método utilizado foi de pesquisa normativa e jurisprudencial, com análise qualitativa dos dados selecionados. A partir das leis atualmente vigentes, foram identificadas as diferentes instituições estatais com competência legal para regular as profissões de saúde no Brasil e as principais normas editadas para a regulação das profissões de saúde. Em seguida, buscaram-se conflitos regulatórios judicializados por essas instituições e levados até os tribunais superiores. A análise das leis e decisões selecionadas permitiu a caracterização do que denominamos Modelo de Regulação de Profissões de Saúde Brasileiro, com a identificação e análise das diferentes instituições estatais reguladoras e das principais normas vigentes que regulam as 14 profissões de saúde reconhecidas pelo Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Os resultados apresentados neste artigo delineiam o atual modelo de regulação de profissões de saúde vigente no Brasil e contribuem para o aprofundamento dos conhecimentos sobre o tema, possibilitando reflexões para o aperfeiçoamento do atual modelo jurídico-institucional brasileiro.
Direito à saúde no Brasil: reserva do possível e mínimo existencial nas decisões do Superior Tribunal de Justiça (2010-2016)
Authors: Almeida Andrija Oliveira , Freire Marco Valério Viana
Published: June 2019

O objetivo do trabalho é analisar as características das decisões do Superior Tribunal de Justiça entre 2010 e 2016 concernentes à aplicabilidade, ao direito à saúde no Brasil, das cláusulas da reserva do possível e do mínimo existencial, a partir da interface entre o direito e a política. O estudo insere-se na abordagem empírica da pesquisa em direito, com enfoque qualitativo e do recurso à análise documental. O corpus de dados constituiu-se de 15 decisões coletadas na base eletrônica de julgados do Superior Tribunal de Justiça. A análise dos dados evidencia que o entendimento da Corte sobre a efetivação do direito à saúde caracteriza-se pelo argumento da não “oponibilidade da reserva do possível ao mínimo existencial” em matéria de saúde e pela determinação ao Poder Executivo da obrigação de fazer e da admissibilidade do bloqueio de verbas públicas, mormente quando se trata de garantia de acesso a medicamentos. Ademais, nas decisões judiciais estudadas neste trabalho há destaque para a refutação jurídico-política da ideia de separação de poderes como fator impeditivo à edição de mandamento realizador pelo Poder Judiciário em matéria de direitos sociais, bem como para a demarcação do conteúdo jurídico do mínimo existencial constitutivo do direito fundamental à saúde e, desse modo, do estabelecimento da extensão das prestações positivas do Estado.
Autonomic Parameter and Stress Profile Predict Secondary Ischemic Events After Transient Ischemic Attack or Minor Stroke
Authors: Guan Ling , Wang Yongjun , Claydon Victoria E. , Mazowita Garey , Wang Yilong , Brant Rollin , Collet Jean-Paul
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose—

Traditional risk factors for ischemic stroke are body stressors that are related to autonomic autonomic system (ANS) dysfunction. The value of ABCD2 score (age, blood pressure, clinical features, duration of symptoms, diabetes) to predict ischemic stroke after transient ischemic attack is compromised by the inclusion of a limited number of stressors. We aimed to assess whether markers of ANS function and stress could predict the occurrence of secondary ischemic events after transient ischemic attack or minor stroke.

Methods—

This is a prospective cohort study in which 201 patients were recruited within 48 hours after initial transient ischemic attack or minor stroke and followed for 90 days to assess the development of secondary ischemic events. ABCD2 score, heart rate variability (HRV) parameters as markers of ANS function, and psychological stress were assessed. Logistic regression and area under the curve (AUC) were used to assess the models’ predictive ability.

Results—

Morning high frequency (HF) HRV power and changes in HF HRV from morning to afternoon (daytime HF changes) were the most useful HRV predictors for both ischemic events (AUC=0.61 and 0.70) and ischemic stroke (AUC=0.62 and 0.72). Compared with ABCD2 score, 2 HRV-based stress models showed higher predictive ability for ischemic events (AUC=0.82 versus 0.63, 0.76 versus 0.63;
P
<0.05) and ischemic stroke (AUC=0.87 versus 0.64, 0.82 versus 0.64;
P
<0.05).

Conclusions—

Assessing the effects of stress on the ANS may be an innovative way to stratify the risk of ischemic events after transient ischemic attack or minor stroke. New risk stratification by assessing the dynamic features of ANS dysfunction and stress may help identify high-risk sub-populations that may benefit from added management.
Nonparametric Instrumental Variable Methods for Dynamic Treatment Evaluation
Authors: van den Berg Gerard J. , Bonev Petyo , Mammen Enno
Published: June 2019

We develop an instrumental variable approach for identification of dynamic treatment effects on survival outcomes in the presence of dynamic selection, noncompliance, and right-censoring. The approach is nonparametric and does not require independence of observed and unobserved characteristics or separability assumptions. We propose estimation procedures and derive asymptotic properties. We apply our approach to evaluate a policy reform in which the pathway of unemployment benefits as a function of the unemployment duration is modified. Those who were unemployed at the reform date could choose between the old and the new regime. We find that the new regime has a positive average causal effect on the job finding rate.
Healthy Business? Managerial Education and Management in Health Care
Authors: Bloom Nicholas , Lemos Renata , Sadun Raffaella , Van Reenen John
Published: June 2019

We investigate the link between hospital performance and managerial education by collecting a large database of management practices and skills in hospitals across nine countries. We find that hospitals closer to universities offering both medical education and business education have lower mortality rates from acute myocardial infarction (heart attacks), better management practices, and more MBA-trained managers. This is true compared to the distance to universities that offer only business or medical education (or neither). We argue that supplying bundled medical and business education may be a channel through which universities improve management practices in hospitals and raise clinical performance.
New Species of Begonia section Baryandra (Begoniaceae) from Northwestern Luzon, Philippines
Authors: CALARAMO MICHAEL AGBAYANI , RUBITE ROSARIO RIVERA , PUGAL CORA MARIE , LIN CHEI-WEI
Published: June 2019

Another Begonia is discovered from the northwestern tip of the Island of Luzon, Philippines. Begonia palemlemensis is a vigorous Begonia growing in the tropical montane rainforest of Kalbario Patapat Natural Park in the municipalities of Adams and Pagudpud, Ilocos Norte. The species resembles Begonia droseroides in having a hirsute indumentum. It is named after the mountain where it was first documented, Mt. Palemlem. The new rare Begonia species was discovered during the Biophysical Assessment Monitoring survey commissioned by the Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Region I in 2018. No populations on adjacent mountains were recorded.
Begonia zhongyangiana, a new species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from western China
Authors: WANG WEN-GUANG , LANG XIAO-AN , YANG LEI-LEI , WU HONG , ZHANG SHOU-ZHOU
Published: June 2019

Begonia zhongyangiana, a new species in Begonia sect. Platycentrum (Begoniaceae) from Motuo (SE Xizang, China), is described and illustrated. This new species is similar to B. versicolor, B. scintillans and B. smithiae, but can be distinguished by its shorter rhizome lacking or rarely with short stems when blooming, orange-yellow flowers, 2 styles and 2-loculed ovary.
Three new pygmy seahorse species from Indonesia (Teleostei: Syngnathidae: Hippocampus)
Authors: LOURIE SARA A. , KUITER RUDIE H.
Published: June 2019

Three new species of pygmy seahorse are described from Indonesia: Hippocampus pontohi and H. severnsi from Bunaken Island, off Sulawesi, and H. satomiae from Derawan Island, off Kalimantan. They are considered to be closely related to each other and to Hippocampus colemani. All three species are morphologically distinguished from the larger species of seahorses by the following combination of characters: 12 trunk rings, low number of tail rings (26–29), the placement of brooded young within the trunk region of males, and extremely small size (bargibanti, H. denise, H. colemani and H. minotaur) based on meristics, proportions, colour and body ornamentation. All three new species have a single gill opening as does H. colemani. Hippocampus pontohi and H. severnsi also share distinctive fleshy appendages with H. colemani but can be separated from the latter based on their body shape, raised angular coronet, larger orbit diameter, narrower trunk, fewer tail rings, smaller overall size and in the case of H. severnsi also colour. Diagnostic features of H. satomiae include 9 pectoral fin rays, 13 dorsal fin rays, spinous exterior, and distinct raised coronet with laterally expanded anterior and posterior flanges.
Revision of the world species of the genus Fusicornia Risbec (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae, Scelioninae)
Authors: CHARUWAT TAEKUL , NORMAN JOHNSON F. , LUBOMÍR MASNER , RAJMOHANA K. , CHEN SHU-PEI
Published: June 2019

The genus Fusicornia Risbec (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae, Scelioninae) is a widespread group in the tropics of the Eastern Hemisphere, distributed from West Africa to Vanuatu. All scelionines are egg parasitoids of arthropods, but the host of Fusicornia is not yet known. The species concepts are revised and a key to world species is presented. The genus is comprised of 19 species, including five known species which are redescribed: F. bambeyi Risbec (sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar, Yemen); F. indica Mani & Sharma (Australia, India, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand); F. koreica Choi & Kozlov (China, Japan, Korea, Philippines); F. spinosa (Risbec) (sub-Saharan Africa, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen); and F. tehrii Mukerjee (Brunei, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand). Fusicornia noonae Buhl is considered to be a junior synonym of F. tehrii Mukerjee, n. syn., and F. bambeyi var. inermis Risbec is considered to be a junior synonym of F. spinosa (Risbec), n. syn. The following species are hypothesized and described as new taxa: F. ardis Taekul & Johnson, n. sp. (West Africa, Kenya, Tanzania); F. aulacis Taekul & Johnson, n. sp. (Madagascar); F. collaris Taekul & Johnson, n. sp. (New Guinea); F. crista Taekul & Johnson, n. sp. (Somalia, Tanzania); F. dissita Taekul & Johnson, n. sp. (Vanuatu); F. eos Taekul & Johnson, n. sp. (West Africa, Tanzania, Yemen); F. episcopus Taekul & Johnson, n. sp. (Thailand); F. fax Taekul & Johnson, n. sp. (Papua New Guinea); F. fortuna Taekul & Johnson, n. sp. (Madagascar, Yemen); F. paradisa Taekul & Johnson, n. sp. (sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar); F. plicata Taekul & Johnson, n. sp. (Sri Lanka); F. skopelos Taekul & Johnson, n. sp. (Madagascar); F. sabrina Taekul & Johnson, n. sp. (Somalia) and F. speculum Taekul & Johnson, n. sp. (Central African Republic, Madagascar, Nigeria, Uganda).
Three new species of the Harnischia complex from the Sino-Indian Region,with a review of Demicryptochironomus Lenz (Diptera: Chironomidae)
Authors: YAN CHUNCAI , SÆTHER OLE A. , JIN ZHAOHUI , WANG XINHUA
Published: June 2019

Three new species, Demicryptochironomus (Irmakia) retusus, Microchironomus brochus, and Parachironomus lobus are described and figured as males. Demicryptochironomus (Demicryptochironomus) asamaprimus Sasa et Hirabayashi, D. (D.) chuzequartus Sasa, D. (D.) ginzancedeus Sasa et Suzuki, D. (D.) uresicarinus Sasa, and Demicryptochironomus clarilatus (Guha et Chaudhuri) are re-examined based on type material. Cryptotendipes inawabeceus Sasa, Kitami et Suzuki, C. tamacutus Sasa and Parachironomus harunasecundus Sasa are transferred to Demicryptochironomus as new combinations. Parachironomus inageheus Sasa, Kitami et Suzuki is placed as a junior synonym of Demicryptochironomus ginzancedeus Sasa et Suzuki. The relationships of some genera within the Harnischia complex are discussed. A key to the males of Demicryptochironomus is presented.
Arrowcryptus, a new genus of Xenoscelinae of Erotylidae from Africa
Authors: LESCHEN RICHARD A. B. , WEGRZYNOWICZ PIOTR
Published: June 2019

Arrowcryptus n. gen. is described for Thallis jucunda Arrow, 1936 and Arrowcryptus skelleyi, n. sp. The genus is unique among erotylids by having a dilated ovipositor with a sclerotised, hook-like gonostyle with basal setae.  Arrowcryptus is placed in the subfamily Xenoscelinae based on the dicondylic meso-metaventral articulation, basal pronotal pits absent, partial externally-closed procoxal cavities, tarsomeres not strongly lobed below, and submesocoxal lines absent.  Absence of stridulatory files, presence of prosternal, mesoventral, and abdominal glandular ducts, presence of submetacoxal lines, will distinguish Arrowcryptus from all members of Xenoscelinae.
Baetis zdenkae sp. nov., a new representative of the Baetis buceratus species-group (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Rhodos (Greece) with notes to species-grouping of the subgenus Baetis Leach, 1815 s. str.
Authors: SOLDÁN TOMÁŠ , GODUNKO ROMAN J.
Published: June 2019

The male and female imago (subimago of both sexes unknown), and larva of a new species belonging to the Baetis buceratus species-group, namely Baetis (Baetis) zdenkae sp. nov. from Rhodos Island are described and illustrated in detail. Substantial diagnostic characters of males and larvae of the whole B. buceratus species-group are summarized and its position relative to other species groups is discussed. Critical characters distinguishing B. zdenkae sp. nov. from all other representatives of the B. buceratus species-group are emphasized and a discussion of 22 characters of the remaining 6 European species-groups of the subgenus Baetis Leach, 1815 s. str. and their relationships is offered. Available data on the biology of B. zdenkae sp. nov. (vertical distribution, habitat, current and substrate preference, abundance and density, possible life cycle type, and mating flight and oviposition patterns) and distribution with respect to possible endemism are given. Basic data on biology and area of distribution of Westpalaearctic species Baetis (Baetis) buceratus Eaton, 1870, B. (B.) nexus Navás, 1918 and B. (B.) spei Thomas & Dia, 1985 known only from Lebanon are summarized and compared to those of B. zdenkae sp. nov.
Review of the grassland leafhopper subgenus Leofa (Prasutagus) Distant (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Chiasmini)
Authors: DUAN YANI , ZHANG YALIN , WEBB M. D.
Published: June 2019

The grassland leafhopper subgenus Leofa (Prasutagus) is reviewed. Five species are dealt with in this paper, including two new species from China: Leofa (Prasutagus) forcipatus Duan & Zhang sp. nov. and Leofa (Prasutagus) yangae Duan & Zhang sp. nov., and a key to species is provided.
Oriented Ice Crystals: A Single-Scattering Property Database for Applications to Lidar and Optical Phenomenon Simulations
Authors: Saito Masanori , Yang Ping
Published: June 2019

A database (TAMUoic2019) of the scattering, absorption, and polarization properties of horizontally oriented hexagonal plates (HOPs) and horizontally oriented hexagonal columns (HOCs) at three wavelengths (355, 532, and 1064 nm) is developed for applications to radiative transfer simulations and remote sensing implementations involving oriented ice crystals. The maximum dimension of oriented ice crystals ranges from 50 to 10 000 μm in 165 discrete size bins. The database accounts for 94 incident directions. The single-scattering properties of oriented ice crystals are computed with the physical-geometric optics method (PGOM), which is consistent with the invariant-imbedding T-matrix method for particles with size parameters larger than approximately 100–150. Note that the accuracy of PGOM increases as the size parameter increases. PGOM computes the two-dimensional phase matrix as a function of scattering polar and azimuth angles, and the phase matrix significantly varies with the incident direction. To derive the bulk optical properties of ice clouds for practical radiative transfer applications, the optical properties of individual HOPs and HOCs are averaged over the probability distribution of the tilting angle of oriented ice crystals based on the use of the TAMUoic2019 database. Simulations of lidar signals associated with ice clouds based on the bulk optical properties indicate the importance of the fraction of oriented ice crystals and the probability distribution of the tilting angle. Simulations of optical phenomena caused by oriented ice crystals demonstrate that the computed single-scattering properties of oriented ice crystals are physically rational.
On the Sensitivity of Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves to the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation
Authors: Abhik S. , Hendon Harry H. , Wheeler Matthew C.
Published: June 2019

The seasonal-mean variance of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) in austral summer has recently been shown to be significantly (p < 5%) enhanced during easterly phases of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO). The impact is large, with the mean MJO variance increasing by ~50% compared to the QBO westerly phase. In contrast, we show using observed outgoing longwave radiation that seasonal variations for convectively coupled equatorial Kelvin, Rossby, and mixed Rossby–gravity waves are insensitive to the QBO. This insensitivity extends to all high-frequency (2–30-day period) and the non-MJO component of the intraseasonal (30–120-day period) convective variance. However, convectively coupled Kelvin wave variability shows a modest increase (~13%) that is marginally significant (p = 10%) during easterly phases of the QBO in austral autumn, when Kelvin wave activity is seasonally strongest along the equator. The mechanism of impact on the Kelvin wave appears to be similar to what has previously been argued for the MJO during austral summer. However, the more tilted and shallower vertical structure of the Kelvin waves suggests that they cannot tap into the extra destabilization at the tropopause provided by the easterly phase of the QBO as effectively as the MJO. Lack of impact on the convectively coupled Rossby and mixed Rossby–gravity waves is argued to stem from their horizontal structure that results in weaker divergent anomalies along the equator, where the QBO impact is greatest. Our results further emphasize that the MJO in austral summer is uniquely affected by the QBO.
Using Sounder Data to Improve Cirrus Cloud Height Estimation from Satellite Imagers
Authors: Heidinger Andrew K. , Bearson Nicholas , Foster Michael J. , Li Yue , Wanzong Steve , Ackerman Steven , Holz Robert E. , Platnick Steven , Meyer Kerry
Published: June 2019

Modern polar-orbiting meteorological satellites provide both imaging and sounding observations simultaneously. Most imagers, however, do not have H2O and CO2 absorption bands and therefore struggle to accurately estimate the height of optically thin cirrus clouds. Sounders provide these needed observations, but at a spatial resolution that is too coarse to resolve many important cloud structures. This paper presents a technique to merge sounder and imager observations with the goal of maintaining the details offered by the imager’s high spatial resolution and the accuracy offered by the sounder’s spectral information. The technique involves deriving cloud temperatures from the sounder observations, interpolating the sounder temperatures to the imager pixels, and using the sounder temperatures as an additional constraint in the imager cloud height optimal estimation approach. This technique is demonstrated using collocated VIIRS and Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) observations with the impact of the sounder observations validated using coincident CALIPSO/CALIOP cloud heights These comparisons show significant improvement in the cloud heights for optically thin cirrus. The technique should be generally applicable to other imager/sounder pairs.
A Novel Framework for Evaluating and Improving Parameterized Subtropical Marine Boundary Layer Cloudiness
Authors: Smalley Mark , Sušelj Kay , Lebsock Matthew , Teixeira Joao
Published: June 2019

A single-column model (SCM) is used to simulate a variety of environmental conditions between Los Angeles, California, and Hawaii in order to identify physical elements of parameterizations that are required to reproduce the observed behavior of marine boundary layer (MBL) cloudiness. The SCM is composed of the JPL eddy-diffusivity/mass-flux (EDMF) mixing formulation and the RRTMG radiation model. Model forcings are provided by the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, version 2 (MERRA2). Simulated low cloud cover (LCC), rain rate, albedo, and liquid water path are compared to collocated pixel-level observations from A-Train satellites. This framework ensures that the JPL EDMF is able to simulate a continuum of real-world conditions. First, the JPL EDMF is shown to reproduce the observed mean LCC as a function of lower-tropospheric stability. Joint probability distributions of lower-tropospheric cloud fraction, height, and lower-tropospheric stability (LTS) show that the JPL EDMF improves upon its MERRA2 input but struggles to match the frequency of observed intermediate-range LCC. We then illustrate the physical roles of plume lateral entrainment and eddy-diffusivity mixing length in producing a realistic behavior of LCC as a function of LTS. In low-LTS conditions, LCC is mostly sensitive to the ability of convection to mix moist air out of the MBL. In high-LTS conditions, LCC is also sensitive to the turbulent mixing of free-tropospheric air into the MBL. In the intermediate LTS regime typical of stratocumulus–cumulus transition there is proportional sensitivity to both mixing mechanisms, emphasizing the utility of a combined eddy-diffusivity/mass-flux approach for representing mixing processes.
The effects of voids in quasi-static indentation of resin-infused reinforced polymers
Authors: Sisodia SM , Bull DJ , George AR , Gamstedt EK , Mavrogordato MN , Fullwood DT , Spearing SM
Published: June 2019

The focus of this study is the influence of voids on the damage behaviour in quasi-static loading of resin-infused carbon fibre-reinforced polymers. Experimental results are presented for quasi-static loading in combination with high-resolution tomographic imaging and statistical analysis (homology of pores or voids and induced cracks). Three distinct mechanisms were observed to control delamination growth in the presence of sharp and blunt voids. Delamination cracks interact with the supporting yarns, especially in combination with air pockets trapped in the resin in the form of long, sharp voids. This resulted in crack growth that coalesces with delamination cracks from neighbouring yarn-voids during increased out-of-plane load–displacement, with almost no presence of intralaminar transverse cracks. This highlights the benefits and drawbacks of the supporting yarn during out-of-plane loading.
“We Live in a Wonderful Country, Canada, but…”: Perspectives From Older LGBTQ Ontarians on Visibility, Connection, and Power in Care and Community
Authors: Boulé Jess , Wilson Kimberley , Kortes-Miller Kathy , Stinchcombe Arne
Published: June 2019

This research investigated the health and aging experiences of 21 lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer (LGBTQ) adults, aged 60 to 79 years, to identify their service and support needs. Participants engaged in focus groups in four locations in Ontario, Canada. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic approach. Participants anticipated age-related losses and expected a greater use of and dependence on health/social care services. Despite greater LGBTQ visibility and inclusive care, participants perceived care services and facilities as unsafe and without competent support. Participants described employing positive strategies to overcome discrimination, contributing to participants’ health and aging experiences.
The digital inclusion role of rural libraries: social inequalities through space and place
Authors: Strover Sharon , Whitacre Brian , Rhinesmith Colin , Schrubbe Alexis
Published: June 2019

A great deal of scholarship on broadband deployment and federal policies has positioned rural America through a deficit framework: rural parts of the country have older populations (and therefore not tech savvy), are poor (and therefore justifiably ignored by the market), too remote (therefore outside of legitimate profit-making enterprise), and losing population (and therefore significance). This research examines rural Internet connectivity through the lens of local libraries lending hotspots for Internet connectivity. Qualitative data gathered in 24 rural communities in Kansas and Maine undercut simplistic notions regarding how communication systems operate in environments ignored by normative market operations. Financial precarity and pressures from social and economic institutions compel rurally based individuals and families to assemble piecemeal Internet presence and connectivity. The public library plays a crucial role in providing Internet resources and stands out in the rural environment as a site that straddles public trust and local.
Collective Social Identity: Synthesizing Identity Theory and Social Identity Theory Using Digital Data
Authors: Davis Jenny L. , Love Tony P. , Fares Phoenicia
Published: June 2019

Identity theory (IT) and social identity theory (SIT) are eminent research programs from sociology and psychology, respectively. We test collective identity as a point of convergence between the two programs. Collective identity is a subtheory of SIT that pertains to activist identification. Collective identity maps closely onto identity theory’s group/social identity, which refers to identification with socially situated identity categories. We propose conceptualizing collective identity as a type of group/social identity, integrating activist collectives into the identity theory model. We test this conceptualization by applying identity theory hypotheses to the “vegan” identity, which is both a social category and part of an active social movement. Data come from comments on two viral YouTube videos about veganism. One video negates prevailing meanings of the vegan identity. A response video brings shared vegan identity meanings back into focus. Identity theory predicts that nonverifying identity feedback elicits negative emotion and active behavioral response, while identity verification elicits positive emotion and an attenuated behavioral response. We test these tenets using sentiment analysis and word counts for comments across the two videos. Results show support for identity theory hypotheses as applied to a collective social identity. We supplement results with qualitative analysis of video comments. The findings position collective identity as a bridge between IT and SIT, demonstrate innovative digital methods, and provide theoretical scaffolding for mobilization research in light of emergent technologies and diverse modes of activist participation.
Reference to a past learning event as a practice of informal formative assessment in L2 classroom interaction
Authors: Can Daşkın Nilüfer , Hatipoğlu Çiler
Published: June 2019

In this study we are concerned with the informal dimension of formative assessment (FA) in an L2 classroom. We examine those instances that are embedded into everyday learning activities and that emerge in and through classroom interaction contingently, continuously and flexibly. Drawing on the methodological underpinnings of Conversation Analysis (CA), we uncover the emergence of instances of reference to a past learning event (RPLE) in L2 classroom interaction and highlights its relevance to informal FA. Data from a corpus of video-recordings of an EFL classroom in a preparatory school at tertiary level are presented. It is seen that RPLEs occur when the teacher contingently extends the main instructional activity to focus on what was presented interactionally earlier. In this way, the teacher seeks evidence of student knowledge and understanding and/or acts on the negative evidence already elicited in order to enhance learning and shape instruction. The analysis of RPLE instances also brings evidence for the relation between learning and assessment together with the tracking of language learning behaviour in subsequent learning events from the perspective of CA-SLA. As a result, this study bridges a gap between language assessment and classroom research by suggesting that teachers’ ability to informally assess for formative purposes is an integral part of their classroom interactional competence.
Patient Outreaches for Clinical Pharmacy Services: A Population Health Management Program Assessment
Authors: Bhat Shubha , Kroehl Miranda , Maniga Brian , Navarro Alina , Thompson Angela M. , Lam H. Mindy , Trinkley Katy E.
Published: June 2019

Background:

Pharmacists in ambulatory care can utilize population health approaches to identify patients needing disease management and improve outcomes. However, population health is only effective when identified patients are successfully outreached and show to appointments.

Objective:

Describe a population health approach utilized by pharmacists in primary care, report outcomes of outreach attempts and scheduled appointments, and determine whether patient and referral characteristics predict no-show appointments.

Methods:

Retrospective cohort study of patients referred for pharmacist management of hypertension or chronic pain through population health between 2013-2016. Outreach attempt and appointments outcomes were collected. Patient and referral characteristics were analyzed to determine whether predictive of no-show appointments using logistic regression.

Results:

Of 450 outreach attempts, 250 (56%) patients were not reached, 164 (36%) scheduled appointments, and 36 (8%) were reached but declined an appointment. Of 164 patients with appointments, 71 (43%) no-showed. Patients with higher systolic blood pressure were more likely to no-show (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00-1.04). Other characteristics were not predictive of no-show appointments.

Conclusion:

Successful outreach and showed appointments are essential components of successful population health programs. Using multiple outreach modalities and further identifying factors predictive of no-show appointments to refine the current approach may lead to increased efficiency.
An Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience for Community Pharmacies Based on a Clinical Intervention Targeting Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Blackburn David F. , Fowler Sharyle , Crawley Alex , Gerwing Shauna , Alcorn Jane , Mansell Holly , Evans Charity , Mansell Kerry , Taylor Jeff , Jorgenson Derek , Larocque Danielle , Rotter Thomas , Shevchuk Yvonne
Published: June 2019

Experiential education is a critical component of any pharmacy undergraduate curriculum. Establishing new, high-quality practice sites can be challenging. We designed a new advanced pharmacy practice experiential rotation suitable for implementation in most community pharmacy settings. The aim of this article is to describe the design of this rotation entitled the Targeted Pharmacy Intervention in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (TPI-IBD) and to determine its impact on student knowledge and confidence using a before-after survey design. The TPI-IBD utilizes a student-delivered intervention as a platform for experiential learning in community pharmacy practice. The TPI was focused on patients with IBD, and implementation was guided by a co-preceptor from the university in collaboration with onsite-preceptors at each pharmacy. The TPI-IBD rotation was delivered from 6 community pharmacies during 5 weeks in 2018. Students conducted standardized monitoring on patients with IBD and met weekly with the university preceptor for case presentations and therapeutic discussions. Electronic charts were maintained by students who were responsible for ensuring detailed documentation on each patient. Knowledge, confidence, and overall satisfaction were assessed by a survey given to students before and after the rotation. Students were highly satisfied with the learning experience and improvements in knowledge and confidence were clearly demonstrated. The TPI strategy was an effective way to expand rotation options in community pharmacy sites with minimal burden on local preceptors.
Social Capital Versus Cultural Capital Determinants of Entrepreneurship: An Empirical Study of the African Continent
Authors: Zelekha Yaron , Dana Léo-Paul
Published: June 2019

Entrepreneurship literature has examined the effects of social capital and cultural capital on entrepreneurial outcomes. However, the articulation of these concepts has not been clearly resolved. We employ a unique dataset of entrepreneurs from 51 African countries, introducing the level of slave trade as both a measurement of mistrust and a proxy for social capital. We use majority religion as a proxy for cultural capital. We found that social capital has a significantly positive impact on entrepreneurship only through its moderating effect on cultural capital. Results have significant policy implications for the articulation of social and cultural capital.