bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructure of three Species of Entomoneis (Bacillariophyta) from Lake Qinghai of China, with reference to the external areola occlusions
Authors: Long Ji-Yan , Williams David M. , Liu Bing , Mo Wen-Hui , Quan Si-Jin
Published: January 2022

Three sympatric Entomoneis species, found at the same specific locality in Lake Qinghai, China, are studied by using light and scanning electron microscope. Two species are proposed as new to science and named as E. sinensis sp. nov. and E. qinghainensis sp. nov. The third species is identified as E. paludosa (W. Smith) Reimer. Entomoneis sinensis has a linear-lanceolate valve outline and Ƨ-shaped keel, bears two distinct 8-shaped loops formed by the valvocopula pars media in each cell and each of its stria is composed of either a long hymen strip or a long hymen strip plus one separated areola close to the raphe. Its hymen strip belongs to Type Two, which is a siliceous membrane strip perforated by two rows of linear pores next to transapical costae and two rows of rounded pores between these two rows of linear pores. Entomoneis qinghainensis has large cells, very high keel and evident hymen strip regions like a U-shaped neck pillow at the middle of valve face. Its hymen strip belongs to Type One, which is a siliceous membrane strip perforated by irregularly distributed round pores. Entomoneis paludosa also has the hymen strip regions that are worm-like and close to the raphe canal. Its hymen strip is same as that of E. qinghainensis. The two kinds of the outside areola occlusions in Entomoneis are compared, summarised and discussed.
Quoi qu’il en coûte. Des mesures incomparables pour faire face aux conséquences économiques de la pandémie ?
Authors: Math Antoine
Published: January 2022

Face aux conséquences sur l’économie de la pandémie de Covid-19, les États ont dû mettre en place des mesures budgétaires pour protéger les entreprises, les emplois et les ménages. Malgré la faiblesse des données, l’article, qui porte principalement sur l’Allemagne, l’Espagne, les États-Unis, la France, l’Italie et le Royaume-Uni, propose un panorama comparatif de ces mesures. Les dépenses publiques ont été inédites par leur variété et leur ampleur dans tous les pays, ce qui a globalement permis de compenser les pertes d’activité pour les entreprises et les ménages. Si les efforts budgétaires ont été bien plus importants aux États-Unis, des différences notables apparaissent également entre les grands pays européens. La France se distingue pour s’être privée, comparativement aux autres pays, de mesures significatives complémentaires en direction des ménages, ce qui a probablement abouti à laisser de côté certaines catégories de la population fragilisées par la crise.
Des politiques fédérales inédites pour sauvegarder l’emploi et limiter la pauvreté
Authors: Trenta Arnaud , Mellado Virginia
Published: January 2022

Dans un contexte économique et social déjà préoccupant, le gouvernement fédéral argentin a mis en œuvre diverses politiques de soutien aux ménages et aux employeurs, dont certaines sont inédites dans leur ampleur et leur conception. D’une part, une aide monétaire aux populations vulnérables est versée pour la première fois sans conditionnalité et couvre près de 60 % des ménages. D’autre part, l’État fédéral prend en charge une partie des salaires du secteur privé, allant jusqu’à subventionner 37 % des emplois déclarés. Malgré ces mesures historiques, les processus de précarisation et de paupérisation continuent de se développer et certains secteurs comme l’hôtellerie-restauration se trouvent dans une situation critique.
Le retour en force de l’État
Authors: Freyssinet Jacques
Published: January 2022

Face aux vagues de la pandémie, les mesures prises par les pouvoirs publics sont fréquemment recalibrées. Si la politique mise en œuvre est de grande ampleur, elle se caractérise aussi par son caractère unilatéral. Les organisations patronales et syndicales sont cantonnées dans l’expression de demandes, avec ou sans concertation informelle, puis dans la manifestation d’approbations ou de critiques face aux choix gouvernementaux. Ces dynamiques sont illustrées par l’exemple de deux secteurs fortement touchés : le service national de santé et les commerces de détail.
Une cité au milieu de la plaine ? L’exceptionnalisme américain à l’épreuve de Trump
Authors: Heurtebize Frédéric
Published: January 2022

La politique étrangère du président Trump a été disruptive sur le plan rhétorique ainsi qu’en raison de son caractère imprévisible. S’il importe de ne pas minimiser le style présidentiel, les éléments de continuité ne doivent pas être sous-estimés, qu’il s’agisse de la politique de retrait du Moyen-Orient et de l’engagement dans une compétition de puissance dans l’Indo-Pacifique entamés sous Obama, ou de l’unilatéralisme déjà patent sous Bush fils. C’est donc probablement avec l’abandon de l’exceptionnalisme que la transgression de Donald Trump s’est avéré la plus spectaculaire. Pour la première fois depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale, Washington a refusé d’endosser le rôle de chef de file des démocraties et a renoncé ouvertement à défendre la démocratie et les droits de l’homme, ne serait-ce que sur le plan discursif. L’Amérique se voulait exceptionnelle par sa générosité. Sous Trump, l’America First a revendiqué la fin de cette ère, tenté l’hégémonie illibérale et porté un coup dur à l’exceptionnalisme américain.
La realpolitik européenne au service de la destinée américaine ? Les clairs-obscurs de la pensée d’Henry Kissinger
Authors: Samaan Jean-Loup
Published: January 2022

Henry Kissinger est souvent présenté comme le promoteur d’une realpolitik importée de l’Europe du xix e  siècle et qu’il aurait contribuée à populariser aux États-Unis. Cette vision de Kissinger comme une sorte de transfuge du « réalisme continental » est néanmoins trompeuse. Non seulement le réalisme de Kissinger est fluctuant mais son inspiration « continentale » reste partielle. Si le « milieu » européen a sans aucun doute façonné la pensée de Kissinger, il importe de souligner la tension originelle et trop souvent occultée par les biographes, au cœur de la vie de Kissinger : la cohabitation de cet héritage européen avec la tradition politique américaine. En effet, si Kissinger a indéniablement été influencé par ses expériences et ses lectures européennes, il a tout autant été marqué par l’idée d’un exceptionnalisme américain qui conditionna sa pratique du pouvoir et l’amena à soutenir certaines positions, notamment sur la guerre du Vietnam, en contradiction avec les grands théoriciens du réalisme de l’époque. Cet article propose donc un éclairage sur la trajectoire d’Henry Kissinger, tant à travers son parcours biographique que son évolution intellectuelle, et ce afin de mieux mettre en lumière sa relation à l’Europe.
Periodic solution and extinction in a periodic chemostat model with delay in microorganism growth
Authors: Ye Ningning , Hu Zengyun , Teng Zhidong
Published: January 2022

In this paper, the periodic solution and extinction in a periodic chemostat model with delay in microorganism growth are investigated. The positivity and ultimate boundedness of solutions are firstly obtained. Next, the necessary and sufficient conditions on the existence of positive \begin{document}$ \omega $\end{document}-periodic solutions are established by constructing Poincaré map and using the Whyburn Lemma and Leray-Schauder degree theory. Furthermore, according to the implicit function theorem, the uniqueness of the positive periodic solution is obtained when delay \begin{document}$ \tau $\end{document} is small enough. Finally, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the extinction of microorganism species are established.
Modelling conflicting individual preference: Target sequences and graph realization
Authors: Aizouk Raneem , Broom Mark
Published: January 2022

This paper will consider a group of individuals who each have a target number of contacts they would like to have with other group members. We are interested in how close this can be to being realized, considering the group's long-term outcome under reasonable dynamics on the number of contacts. We formulate this as a graph realization problem for undirected graphs, with the individuals as vertices and the number of desired contacts as the vertex degree. It is well known that not all degree sequences can be realized as undirected graphs, and the Havel-Hakimi algorithm characterizes those that can. When we ask how close the degree sequences can be to realization, we ask for graphs that minimize the total deviation between what is desired and possible. The sets of all such graphs and all such associated sequences are termed the minimal sets. Broom and Cannings have previously considered this problem in many papers, and it is hard to tackle for general target sequences. This paper revisited the minimal set in general, investigating two particular classes of sequence in particular. We consider the n-element arithmetic sequence (n-1, n-2, … 1, 0) for general n, including obtaining a formula that generates the size of the minimal set for a given arithmetic sequence, and the all or nothing sequences, where targets are either 0 or n-1, where a recurrence relation for such a formula is found. Further, we consider the question of the size of the minimal set of sequences in general. We consider a strategic version of the model where the individuals are involved in a multiplayer game, each trying to achieve their target, and show that optimal play can lead to the minimal set being left, thus answering an open question from earlier work.
Large-time behavior of solutions to the bipolar quantum Euler-Poisson system with critical time-dependent over-damping
Authors: Wu Qiwei
Published: January 2022

We shall investigate the large-time behavior of solutions to the Cauchy problem for the one-dimensional bipolar quantum Euler-Poisson system with critical time-dependent over-damping. By means of the time-weighted energy method, we prove that the smooth solutions to the Cauchy problem exist uniquely and globally, and time-asymptotically converge to the nonlinear diffusion waves when the initial perturbation around the nonlinear diffusion waves are small enough. Particularly, we show the optimal decay rates of solutions toward the nonlinear diffusion waves.
Approaching logarithmic singularities in quasilinear chemotaxis-consumption systems with signal-dependent sensitivities
Authors: Winkler Michael
Published: January 2022

The chemotaxis system

   \begin{document}$ \begin{array}{l}\left\{ \begin{array}{l} u_t = \nabla \cdot \big( D(u) \nabla u \big) - \nabla \cdot \big( uS(x, u, v)\cdot \nabla v\big), \\ v_t = \Delta v -uv, \end{array} \right. \end{array} $\end{document}

is considered in a bounded domain \begin{document}$ \Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^n $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ n\ge 2 $\end{document}, with smooth boundary.

It is shown that if \begin{document}$ D: [0, \infty) \to [0, \infty) $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ S: \overline{\Omega}\times [0, \infty)\times (0, \infty)\to \mathbb{R}^{n\times n} $\end{document} are suitably smooth functions satisfying

   \begin{document}$ \begin{array}{l}D(u) \ge k_D u^{m-1} \qquad {\rm{for\; all}}\; u\ge 0 \end{array} $\end{document}

and

   \begin{document}$ \begin{array}{l}|S(x, u, v)| \le \frac{S_0(v)}{v^\alpha} \qquad {\rm{for\; all}}\; (x, u, v)\; \in \Omega\times (0, \infty)^2 \end{array} $\end{document}

with some

   \begin{document}$ \begin{array}{l}m>\frac{3n-2}{2n} \qquad {\rm{and}}\;\alpha\in [0, 1), \end{array} $\end{document}

and with some \begin{document}$ k_D>0 $\end{document} and nondecreasing \begin{document}$ S_0: (0, \infty)\to (0, \infty) $\end{document}, then for all suitably regular initial data a corresponding no-flux type initial-boundary value problem admits a global bounded weak solution which actually is smooth and classical if \begin{document}$ D(0)>0 $\end{document}.
Réseaux connectés d’enseignants et développement professionnel
Authors: Crinon Jacques , Ferone Georges
Published: January 2022

Des réseaux connectés nés d’initiatives d’enseignants se sont considérablement développés dans les pays francophones ces dernières années. Ils revendiquent notamment une dimension de coformation par les pairs. À partir d’entretiens avec des enseignants de la fin de l’école primaire et du début du secondaire pratiquant soit la classe inversée (n =11) soit la « twictée » (n =19), nous cherchons à savoir en quoi, selon eux, la participation à un réseau d’innovateurs contribue à leur développement professionnel. L’étude décrit des types différents de participation au réseau. Elle indique en outre que les savoirs de référence ne semblent guère être au premier plan des échanges, plutôt centrés sur l’organisation pédagogique, les outils et les supports d’enseignement et la quasi-absence de controverses professionnelles. On constate ainsi l’incomplétude du processus de développement professionnel, si l’on s’en tient à la participation au réseau connecté, mais aussi la nécessité de considérer cette participation dans un ensemble plus large d’interactions et dans des trajets de développement et des réseaux personnels où la participation à un réseau peut pourtant jouer, à un moment donné, un rôle décisif.
Classe inversée en enseignement supérieur et dynamique d’élaboration du savoir : le point de vue des enseignants
Authors: Baillet Dorothée , Robin Françoise
Published: January 2022

Suite au développement des technologies de l’information, l’enseignement supérieur évolue vers des dispositifs hybrides dont la classe inversée. Cet article rend compte d’une recherche qui tente de percevoir des repositionnements différenciés des espaces-temps et des acteurs en classe inversée. Nous avons interrogé neuf enseignants du supérieur en Belgique (partie francophone) qui se disent « inverseurs ». L'étude des raisons qui ont amené ces enseignants à opter pour le dispositif de la classe inversée permet de mettre en évidence l’importance des expériences personnelles ainsi que l’existence de différences relatives aux interactions avec les étudiants. Ces résultats couplés à l’analyse de la mise en place du dispositif à travers le triplet didactique (Sensevy, 2011) ont permis de mettre au jour deux idéal-types. Le premier est caractérisé par le contrôle de l’enseignant sur l’ensemble du dispositif ou par la dévolution de l’avancée du savoir aux étudiants. Le second alterne contrôle et dévolution.
Business Continuity and Information Systems
Authors: Turulja L. , Bajgoric N.
Published: January 2022

Considering the expectations of customers on service and information availability 24x7, complete operations suspension in case of adverse events is not an option. Modern businesses have become dependent on their information systems (IS) whose incidents and failures can highly affect business operations. Ensuring continuity in IS is related to the reliable delivery information. In order to lower the negative impact of IS incidents, organizations should get prepared for them. Business continuity management (BCM) is a holistic management approach whose aim is to identify, prevent or mitigate operational risks. BCM consists of business continuity planning (BCP), contingency planning (CP) and disaster recovery planning (DRP). BCP defines the strategies that organizations should implement in order to ensure their survival when a crisis event occurs. The aim of this paper is to identify the relevant elements of continuity in IS.
Design for the Future of Work
Authors: Tuğlu Karslı Umut
Published: January 2022

The paradigm shift in work dynamics in the digital age leads the evolution of how and where people work. Knowledge workers adopt more flexible working styles: they connect to their laptops and work anywhere. The main disadvantage of this way of working is social isolation. Creative industries often require interdisciplinary interaction and collaboration. Coworking spaces have emerged in order to remove this isolation and create a third place apart from home and office. These spaces have been studied by disciplines such as economics, work psychology, and geography but studies on their spatial characteristics are limited. The aim of the chapter is to propose a conceptual framework to identify design implications for the coworking spaces in terms of spatial preferences of users. Accordingly, literature related to changing work dynamics and workplaces, rise of coworking spaces, and coworking space typology are discussed. The conclusion of the chapter is to propose design implications, which will inform designers, researchers, and managers on best practice for coworking space design.
Modeling the Impact of Crises on Evolution of Pension Systems
Authors: Yakimova Larisa
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this chapter is twofold: to assess the relationship of the nonlinear dynamics of pension systems and economic cycles, and to develop a descriptive evolutionary model of the stages of pension systems. Hodrick-Prescott filter is used to identify cycles in the pension and economic dynamics. The study proved empirically that the evolutionary dynamics of pension systems depends on the cyclicity of national and world economies. In addition, the bifurcation points associate with big Kondratiev cycles, and the fluctuations of the indicators of pension systems correlate with the medium-term Juglar cycles. The crisis starts pension reforms. The results of this study indicate that public pension spending growth is countercyclical and coincident indicator relative to the global business cycle in 13 countries from 21 of the OECD countries studied. The amount and volatility of public pension spending depends on the basic pension model and has higher values in Bismarck-model countries.
Regression-Based Recovery Time Predictions in Business Continuity Management
Authors: Podaras Athanasios , Moirogiorgou Konstantia , Zervakis Michalis
Published: January 2022

Business continuity is crucial for modern public organizations. It enables the uninterrupted operation of critical business functions and services in the event of an unexpected crisis situation. A key business continuity activity is to set proactively and non-arbitrarily recovery priorities while computing the recovery time effort (RTE) for these functions. The specific activity requires the consideration of technical and environmental factors of individual business functions in order to compute mathematically their recovery time. A recently published formula stems from the business continuity points method. Its limitation has been the absence of real data during its conception. The purpose of the chapter is firstly, to use business continuity data from a public college in order to validate the initial formula and, secondly, to infer a new more accurate and robust RTE equation based on regression analysis techniques. The inferred RTE formula can be used as input for predicting service availability rates.
Innovative Approaches to Building Enterprise Risk Management in Emerging Economies
Authors: de la Cruz Ilse Patricia Lopez , Marshall Alasdair James , Ojiako Udechukwu , Ceylan Serkan , Lin Fenfang
Published: January 2022

This chapter explores a very positive example of enterprise risk management (ERM) development in Mexico, set by the firm Grupo Proeza, from which valuable and highly generalisable lessons can be learned. These lessons will pertain most centrally to Grupo Proeza's techniques of ERM building, where risk management practices are used to enhance the cultural and other foundations for ERM. Of particular interest is the notion that various risk assessment techniques can be used for this purpose, which may seem counter-intuitive by reversing the formative relationship between risk culture and risk assessment practice that is more typically the focus for attention.
Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) Platforms as Rising Social Entrepreneurs
Authors: Arıker Çağla
Published: January 2022

Educational social entrepreneurs which offer massive open online courses (MOOCs) create social value through removing inequality in terms of reaching educational resources to develop new skills required by the business world through offering free or low cost, high quality online courses to anyone anywhere and removing the barriers of traditional education cost, location, and access. The negative effects of COVID-19 pandemic on unemployment levels and new graduates' expectations about finding a job are apparent. As known, there has also been a long-standing debate over the insufficiency of traditional education models in terms of satisfying human resources qualifications needed by contemporary business world. After the pandemic, new jobs and new business models requiring new employee skills are also expected to occur. As a result, the understanding behind the MOOCs and the importance of social entrepreneurs which offer MOOCs increased. For these reasons, the purpose of this chapter is to examine MOOCs platforms and their actions to create social value during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Impact of Internet of Things Self-Security on Daily Business and Business Continuity
Authors: Yılmaz Hasan Emre , Sirel Altan , Esen M. Fevzi
Published: January 2022

The number of devices operating on IoTs has exceeded billions globally. This chapter aims to examine the cyber security risks of such systems with widespread use and investigate some IoT vulnerabilities. It examines the effects of these vulnerabilities on business life and personal life, and the precautions to be taken to eliminate them. In addition, the regulations and measures to be applied at the state level is discussed. The safe use of IoT systems cannot be achieved solely by individual awareness. An awareness and sense of responsibility in the manufacturing layer is also a must. This chapter investigates the reasons behind the lack of security precautions taken in the manufacturing phase of IoT devices and suggests solutions. It also discusses the details of malwares such as Mirai, whose targets are mainly IoT vulnerabilities.
SMEs and Business Sustainability
Authors: Hu Meng Kui , Kee Daisy Mui Hung
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented global crisis affecting the worldwide socio-economy. Many SMEs have ceased operations due to various obstacles during the pandemic period. The chapter identifies challenges faced by SMEs, specifically in Malaysia. The chapter also proposes that having a sustainable business solution protects SMEs from experiencing a crisis by diluting the impact of the pandemic and the critical challenges related to the financial impact, supply chain disruption, changing customer behavior, and evolving business environment. Post-lockdown, SMEs must revisit, realign, and implement practical operating procedures to stay relevant. Moving forward, SMEs depend on reliable and proactive leadership in revamping some of their business strategies – strengthening financial position, supply chain management, digital transformation, and organizational agility. SMEs must be vigilant and operate within the sustainable business framework involving the environmental, social, and governance (ESG). Consequently, this will fulfill the United Nations' sustainable development goals.
Diversity of Monetary Regimes and Reactions to the Pandemic Crisis
Authors: Sahling Cornelia , Nenovsky Nikolay , Chobanov Petar Pandushev
Published: January 2022

This chapter analyses to what extent the type of monetary regime in three Balkans countries (Bulgaria, Romania, and Serbia) determines the scope and nature of reactions to the pandemic crisis in the short run (providing liquidity to different sectors) and considers the possibilities for a long-term recovery. A comparative perspective is particularly suitable for the Balkan countries with great institutional diversity of the monetary regimes. In particular, the two members of the EU, Bulgaria and Romania, have been following different principles of monetary regimes for decades (Currency Board versus discretionary Monetary Policy). Both Bulgaria and Romania follow closely the ECB monetary policy. Serbia, which is outside the EU, is not affected by the constraints of European integration and actually has its independent monetary policy (although the Euro is also an important external anchor).
Disruption and Innovation Trends in the QSR Industry
Authors: Nagpal Gaurav , Dawar Kanika , Choudhury Srutadipta Roy , Singh Tanmay
Published: January 2022

The QSR (quick service restaurants) industry in the emerging economies such as India is undergoing a wave of disruption and re-engineering. Many global brands in QSR food servicing have resorted to technology and innovation in one or more aspects of their value chain in order to maintain leadership positions in a market that is facing some fast-growing competition from various channels, especially with the penetration that service aggregators like Zomato, Swiggy, and Uber Eats have managed to gain. This study aims to establish a general direction towards which the QSR industry is progressing in India by examining not only the current trends in India but also the trends that are prevalent worldwide and which have the potential of diffusion to emerging economies like India.
Examining the Integration of Virtual and Physical Platforms From Luxury Brand Managers' Perspectives
Authors: Peretti Paola , Chiaudano Valentina , Sawhney Mohanbir
Published: January 2022

“The internet dilemma” was the concept used to describe luxury brand companies' initial reluctance to integrate online technologies into their business model. However, over time, luxury brand companies have understood that moving towards digital transformation is the only way to survive on the market and appeal to the new luxury brand consumers. In a few years, digitalisation has become a priority for all luxury brand companies that started to integrate digital and physical platforms to engage consumers through all touchpoints of their shopping journey. In light of the topic's relevance and considering the primary focus of research on consumers, this chapter aims to deepen the digitalisation phenomenon in the luxury market involving the little-explored luxury brand managers' perspective. The authors conducted a longitudinal study to compare the main changes in integrating digital and physical platforms from the managers' perspective between 2014 and 2020. In this endeavour, they also considered how the COVID-19 pandemic had affected luxury brand companies' digitalisation.
Authentic Leadership Competencies
Authors: Cui Zi-Ying Anna , Knox Matthew Wayne , Rowlands Josh , DeJesus Luke , Campbell Tessa
Published: January 2022

Now, more than ever, while facing the worldwide pandemic COVID-19, communities such as Tasmanian cities are anticipating for the build from the ground up after the pandemic passes. Entrepreneurial emergence will play a crucial role in the re-establishing of Tasmania's identity, as these individuals are described as being motivated by opportunities and are recognized by their distinct eye for creation and innovation. Leadership competencies are the underlying characteristics of an individual, which can be demonstrated though knowledge, values, capabilities, and behaviors. With the COVID-19 pandemic depleting our resources and population, the need for individuals with effective and ethical leadership competencies has seen a rise, sparking the research question: How can authentic leadership competencies create and enable entrepreneurial emergence?
What We (Do Not) Know About Research on Innovation in Hotels
Authors: Fernandes Catarina , Pires Rui Alexandre R.
Published: January 2022

This chapter performs a bibliometric analysis on innovation in hotels field. More specifically, it maps the current research front on innovation in hotels field based on 287 papers published in refereed journals indexed to the Scopus database. Using the VOSviewer software and the bibliographic coupling method, it was possible to identify and systematize the main research streams of this field: 1) technological innovation, 2) sustainable innovation, 3) innovative work behavior, 4) market orientation' role in promoting innovation, 5) knowledge-based resources as a driver of innovation and performance as an outcome of innovation, 6) service innovation, 7) knowledge sharing and management as a key factor for innovation, 8) innovation ambidexterity, 9) innovation in time of crisis, and 10) learning approach as a source of innovation. The findings presented in this chapter will enable future authors studying innovation in hotels to focus their studies more effectively.
Developing and Implementing Individualized Education Programs to Ensure Student Progress
Authors: Marx Teri , Prater Steven , Hajghassemali Shedeh , Bucka Nicole
Published: January 2022

This chapter provides information, tips, and techniques to ensure special educators have appropriate understanding of the purpose of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and their role in developing individualized education programs (IEPs) that ensure students with disabilities have access to a free appropriate public education (FAPE) and make progress toward appropriately ambitious goals. After reading, educators will (1) better understand the history and purpose of the IDEA to guarantee civil rights for individuals with disabilities; (2) understand the procedural, substantive, and implementation requirements to ensure students with disabilities have access to FAPE; and (3) learn strategies for developing IEPs that address the IDEA FAPE requirements.
Teaching Strategies Across Subject Areas
Authors: Chakravarthi Srimani
Published: January 2022

This chapter is a comprehensive overview of strategy instruction, a key to instruction across subject areas, especially for students with special needs. The chapter will have the following components: “What is Strategy Instruction?” a brief overview of types; “Why Strategy Instruction?” a brief evidence of effectiveness across special education settings, grades, and disabilities; “Effect on Self-Determination and Fostering Independence,” among attribution training and self-efficacy; “How to Implement Strategy Instruction,” examples of vocabulary strategies, reading, writing, and math strategies; “Examples of Strategy Instruction,” across grade levels and content areas; “Steps in Strategy Instruction,” stages on how to begin instruction and build fluency in strategies; “Considerations for Strategy Instruction,” learner readiness, pre-requisite skills, choosing strategies, etc.; and “Resources for Strategy Instruction,” websites and other resources to use for strategy instruction across subject areas.
Gifted and Talented
Authors: Neal Tia M.
Published: January 2022

This chapter seeks to provide readers with insight regarding what it means to be academically gifted. The chapter explores the following questions: (1) What legislation has impacted gifted education within the United States of America (USA)? (2) What are the characteristics of gifted learners? (3) What social and emotional issues impact gifted education students? (4) What curriculum models are available to support the development of gifts and talents for highly able learners within both regular education and gifted education programs?
Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of α and β Modifications of MnO2 for Supercapacitors Application
Authors: Kolkovskyi Pavlo , Rachiy Bogdan , Ostafiychuk Bogdan , Kolkovska Halyna , Lisovskyy Roman , Vyshnevskyi Olexij
Published: January 2022

In this study, the α and β modifications of MnO2 have been successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method. The obtained materials have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption. In addition, the supercapacitor performance of the materials has been pre-tested to assess their suitability for practical applications. The average particle size of the α modification is 12-15 nm, and the β modification is 14-18 nm. The surface areas of the α and β modifications of MnO2 are 200 m2/g and 70 m2/g, respectively. The average pore sizes are 3.2 nm and 5.3 nm, respectively. The specific capacitance of 40 F/g is observed at 1 mV/s, which has been recorded using cyclic voltammetry and constant current charge-discharge cycling in 30 % aqueous KOH solutions. It has been determined that the specific capacitance of the β - MnO2/electrolyte system decreases from 40 F/g to 15 F/g with an increase in the scan rate from 1 to 30 mV/s. In addition, the total capacitance of the material was divided into the electric double layer capacitance and the diffusion-controlled redox capacitance due to the Faraday reverse redox reactions. Finally, the pseudocapacitance contribution has been determined to be 90 % of the total specific capacitance.
High-Performance α-Bi2O3/CdS Heterojunction Photocatalyst: Innovative Design, Electrochemical Performance and DFT Calculation
Authors: Lin Shui Tuan , Shan Lian Wei , Ma Cheng Guo , Yuan Ming Qi , Fang Zi Lan , Xiao Yan Wei , Dong Li Min , Li Dan , Guo Ying Kui
Published: January 2022

Heterojunction semiconductor photocatalysis is an auspicious technique for clear up organic pollutants from water, and have been of valuable strategy in the area of photocatalysis. Herein, electrophoretic deposition procedure was used to prepare α-Bi2O3/CdS type-Ⅱ heterojunction photocatalysts. The results of PL, Raman, and EIS show that there is a heterojunction effect in α-Bi2O3/CdS, which is propitious to improve the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The DFT calculation reveals that the work function of CdS (4.57 eV) is higher than that of α-Bi2O3 (3.37 eV), which facilitates the migrating of e- from the CB of α-Bi2O3 to the CB of CdS, and the migrating of h+ from the VB of CdS to the VB of α-Bi2O3, thus the e--h+ pairs with high redox ability are retained. The performances were assessed by degrading methyl orange (MO), acid magenta under simulated visible light irradiation. Under simulated visible light irradiation, BC45 composite exhibited the highest degradation efficiency of 87% (MO) and 81% (acid fuchsin) for 4 h, which was about 2 times higher than that of CdS (MO) and (acid fuchsin). It is believed that the dual characteristics of H2O wettability and dye adsorption performance in α-Bi2O3/CdS composites promote photocatalytic process compared with single CdS and α-Bi2O3. The study could provide new insights to develop efficiently capable photocatalysts of the α-Bi2O3/CdS composites.
Enhancements of Thermal-Electric and Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Vulcanizates with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Dynamic Vulcanization
Authors: Tang Qi , Zhao Wen , Han Li Jing , Wang Hai Rui , Zong Cheng Zhong
Published: January 2022

To achieve higher thermal electric and mechical properties in non-polar thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as reinforcing nanofiller to prepare TPV/MWCNTs conductive elastomer composites by dynamic vulcanization. The thermodynamic calculation indicates that MWCNTs have a tendency to preferentially localize at the two-phase interface of PP and IIR during melt-blending processing. The morphology of TPV/MWCNTs composites elucidated from TEM micrograph exhibited that the IIR domains dispersed in the PP matrix, and most MWCNTs were dispersed at the two-phase interface and PP phase, which is mainly due to the effect of kinetic factors. When the MWCNTs content reached the percolation threshold (3 wt%), the network structure of MWCNTs was formed, the ac conductivity and dielectric permittivity increased sharply. Compared with pristine TPV, the thermal conductivity of TPV/MWCNTs composites increased 39.7 %. The MWCNTs can combine to the IIR network during dynamic vulcanization, and enhances the interface interaction of MWCNTs and TPV matrix, which is improve the tensile strength of TPV/MWCNTs composites.
Synthesis and Characterization of Semiconductor Nanoparticles CuInS2 QDs/TiO2
Authors: Hanifah Nur , Hutomo Farhan Aryo , Ammrulloh Fajri Malik , Refialdi Muhammad Afdhel , Widyastuti  , Pramata Azzah Dyah
Published: January 2022

Synthesis and characterization of CuInS2 quantum dots (QDs) and CuInS2 QDs/TiO2 with varied temperature reaction (200; 215°C) and TiO2 precursor concentrations was conducted using wet chemical method. The as-synthesized CIS with higher reaction temperature exhibited deep-red emissions and enhanced the photoluminescence (PL) intensity, indicating the reduction of surface defects. With the addition of TiO2 precursor, particle size decreased, bandgap energy increased, and the absorption edge shifted to the blue region. The UV-Vis absorption shifting expands the light-absorbing region. CIS hybridized with 150 μl TiO2 precursor (CIS-TO 150) has particle size 2.15 nm with tetragonal chalcopyrite crystal structure and bandgap energy 2.72 eV. This property gives a great potential for wide range of application via photocatalytic mechanism under visible light.
Effect of Etching and Electroless Plating Time on Contact Angle of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene for 3D-Printed Substrates
Authors: Setyarini Putu Hadi , Hidayat Ahmad Alwan , Purnomo  , Wahyudi Slamet , Sulistyarini Dwi Hadi
Published: January 2022

Acrylonitrile Butane Styrene (ABS) is a type of polymer that can be metallized with metal through the electroless plating process so as to produce a strong and economical layer bond compared to metal. In this study, ABS plastic will be coated with nickel and the contact angle of ABS after the coating process will be examined. The first step is the etching process for 55 and 75 minutes using chromic acid to improve the adhesiveness and uniformity of the coating metal later. After the etching process is complete, then the surface roughness test is carried out using Mitutoyo SJ 201 Surface Roughness. Furthermore, the activation process with stannous chloride as a catalyst is carried out to accelerate the deposition of metal particles on the substrate surface so that during the electroless plating process the polymer turns into a conductor. Then the electroless plating process with time variations of 15, 25, 35, 45, 55 minutes using nickel sulfate, ammonium chloride, sodium hypophosphite, and sodium hydroxide to deposit nickel metal on the ABS surface. The results of the coating are then analyzed for surface topography using AFM and SEM, as well as investigating the contact angle of the droplets that are dropped on the coated ABS surface. It can be said that the etching variation of 55 minutes electroless nickel plating 75 minutes is the most hydrophobic because it has the largest contact angle and the smoothest surface topography compared to other variations.
Uptake Test the Content of Ambient SO2 (Sulphur Dioxide) and NO2 (Nitrogen Dioxide) Compounds in Lichen Thalli in Urban, Sub Urban and Forest in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Roziaty Efri , Sutarno  , Suntoro Suntoro , Sugiyarto
Published: January 2022

Lichen or commonly known as symbiotic organism lies between fungi and algae. It is a non vascular simple organism and it is very sensitive to environmental conditions. The research method used was an exploration. It was then continued with the analysis of the pollutant uptake test by a spectrophotometer. To determine the sampling point, the purposive sampling technique was used. The study was divided into 3 main areas based on the environmental differences, namely urban, suburban and forest. There were about 30 trees sticked by corticolous lichens. The pollutant parameters measured were SO2 (sulfur dioxide) and NO2 (nitrogen dioxide). The air quality data were the secondary data such as NO2 and SO2 ambient air that issued by the Environmental Services (DLH) of Surakarta Government Central Java Indonesia. The range of NO2 ambient content in the research locations, namely in the city of Surakarta and the suburban of Jaten Karanganyar was still below the Ambient Air Quality Standards (ABML) issued by the Government, which ranged from 4.29 - 49.72 μg / Nm3.3. The Quality Standard values for ambient NO2 were 316 and μg / Nm3. At the same time, the ambient SO2 values ranged from 0.153 to 36.74 μg / Nm3, still below the threshold of Ambient Air Quality Standards for SO2 issued by the Government on 632 μg / Nm3. The values for SO2 content in the lichen thalli ranged from 0.17 to 4.05 and it was from 0.773 to 4.03 for the NO2 content. The SO2 and NO2 content values in the lichen thalus found in lichens that grow in urban areas are the highest than in urban and forest suburbs. There is a content of pollutant compounds that are identical between thalus lichen and pollutants in the atmosphere (ambient air) so that lichen thalus is able to absorb pollutant compounds in the atmosphere which can be characterized by the morphological characters of thalli that live in urban, suburban and forests. We will be able to publish your paper in electronic form on our web page http://www.scientific.net if the paper format and the margins are correct. Your manuscript will be reduced by approximately 20% by the publisher. Please keep this in mind when designing your figures and tables, etc.
Social sustainability with businesses through civil society engagement: a missed opportunity
Authors: Silva Kapila Ariyadrashana , Adikaram Arosha S. , Jayakody J. A. S. K.
Published: January 2022

The role of business organizations has been challenged owing to its adverse social impact. Civil Society (CS) is considered as possible contender to shape business outcomes enabling social order and social sustainability. However, CS does not demonstrate an active interest to carry out its role, raising the question ‘How does the civil society engages with businesses’. Theoretical lens the study primarily employs, the Deliberative Democracy Theory (DDT) by Habermas (1996), underscores role of CS to identify social issues and take that into deliberation in public sphere in finding just solutions and social order. However, DDT has not been able to explain the failure of CS to engage with businesses in finding solutions despite businesses causing social issues. Hence, in exploring how the civil society engages with businesses, the present study employed qualitative research design with Multiple Embedded Case Study method. Data collected through in-depth interviews and documents were analyzed through thematic analysis method. Findings indicate CS generally comprehends business conduct as a transactional relationship in private sphere and translate into a social issue only when attached with sentiments and emotions that prompts engagement in public sphere. Businesses too in general perceive society as a transactional partner undermining human esteem, and therefore fail in enabling social sustainability through democratic means of engagement. The study thus makes theoretical contribution towards DDT by explaining why CS does not engage with businesses. Furthermore, illuminate implications on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and social sustainability attempts of businesses.
The mediating effect of work engagement on the relationship between total reward perceptions and employee retention
Authors: Fernando K. J. M. , Nishanthi H. M.
Published: January 2022

The current study investigates the impact of total reward perceptions on employee retention with the mediating effect of work engagement of executive-level employees in the Sri Lankan insurance industry. Data were collected employing a structured questionnaire utilizing simple random sampling technique. The sample consisted of 196 executive-level employees working in three general insurance companies. Simple linear regression analysis is used to test the direct relationships that exist between the variables, while the mediating impact was tested using the Sobel test. Results revealed a significant effect of total reward perceptions and work engagement on employee retention. The mediation of work engagement is also partially supported. Hence, the study extends the existing literature in work engagement, revealing its mediation effect on the relationship between total rewards perceptions and employee retention. Results obtained direct the companies to pay attention to the total rewards perception in terms of monetary, material, and non-monetary rewards in building a more engaged workforce. Appropriate rewards are essential for retaining and engaging employees in the organizations for a prolonged period of time.
Isolation of gut associated bacteria from Callinectes amnicola (Crustacea: Portunidae) collected from two interconnecting tropical lagoons in Nigeria
Authors: Moruf R. O.
Published: January 2022

The occurrence and relative distribution of bacterial flora associated with the gut of the crab Callinectes amnicola, as well as sediment and water, from Badagry and Epe Lagoons, were investigated. The water samples from the Epe Lagoon had the highest total bacteria count of 7.5±1.2 x 107 cfug-1, whereas the crab gut from the Badagry Lagoon had the lowest total bacteria count of 3.6±0.5 x 107 cfug-1. The analyzed plate counts from the gut of C. amnicola, included the total heterotrophic bacteria, total coliform and total faecal coliform which were greater in the Epe Lagoon than in the Badagry Lagoon although these differences were not significant (p>0.05). The values recorded for the EpeLaggon were 4.5±0.2 x 107 cfug-1, 3.4±0.1 x 105 cfug-1and 1.5±0.3 x 105 cfug-1for total heterotrophic bacteria, total coliform and total faecal coliform respectively. All the nine (9) identified isolates, with the exception of Streptococcus sp, were largely gram-negative bacteria, and included Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Shigella sp., Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus sp., Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio cholera. Except for Shigella sp., which was absent in the Badagry Lagoon during the study period, the isolates found in this study were comparable in both locations. The most common isolates in the gut of C. amnicola obtained from the two interconnected lagoons were A. hydrophilaand E. coli. This study is useful for authorities to develop coastal contamination monitoring strategies and quantify the human health risks connected with the consumption of aquatic crabs.
Sul fondamento dei diritti del nascituro: alcune considerazioni bioetico-giuridiche
Authors: Tarantino Antonio
Published: January 2022

Con questo contributo l'Autore presenta una sintesi dell'articolata e differente problematica dottrinale sull'inizio della vita individuale. L'impegno è quello di indicare un denominatore comune valevole per le diverse ideologie che, in maniera diretta o indiretta, sono presenti dietro le differenti ipotesi dottrinali sull'inizio della vita. Indicazione che, a parere dell'Autore, necessariamente deve cadere sullo statuto biologico dell'embrione e sulle leggi del suo sviluppo, da cui dovrebbe partire ogni discorso sensato per l'indicazione dell'inizio della vita dell'essere umano vivente vita intrauterina e teleologicamente orientato verso la vita postnatale. Dall'ordine biologico e dalle sue leggi alla definizione gnoseologica dello stesso il passo è breve e, secondo l'Autore, scientificamente corretto. Alla conclusione di questa correttezza egli giunge dopo aver sintetizzato la posizione in materia delle dottrine filosofiche piu rappresentative, ed aver notato l'esigenza, comune alle stesse e diffusa ormai da tempo, di riabilitare i principi della filosofia pratica, sia nella versione d'origine aristotelica che in quella d'origine kantiana. I momenti di tale passaggio cosi sono indicati dall'Autore: in ogni individuo vivente vita intrauterina esiste un ordine intrinseco, autonomo, anche se collegato a quello della madre; esso è lo stesso per tutta la vita della persona, dal concepimento alla morte naturale. Esiste un collegamento fra l'ordine insito in ciascun essere umano e l'ordine "metaumano", comunque si voglia qualificarlo (trascendente, immanente, materiale). La vita individuale, sempre che non si voglia professare un individualismo libertario, va considerata nell'ambito delle leggi di tale ordine, e l'ordine individuale è inviolabile come lo e quello "metaumano". E' esso, precisa l'Autore, un ordine inviolabile, che è sacro per coloro che accettano l'etica religiosa.
Editoriale
Authors: Fiori Angelo
Published: January 2022

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