bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gene therapy targeting PRMT5 may be useful in immunotherapy
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

PRMT5 modulates gene expression, increases cancer cell proliferation and migration, activates or suppresses signal transmission, regulates cancer cell metabolism, and promotes cancer stem cell self-renewal and differentiation by methylating histone or non-histone proteins. PRMT5 inhibitors may be useful in immunotherapy. However, it is still unknown why PRMT5 overexpression has different effects on different kinds of tumors. More PRMT5 substrates, as well as other rodent or cell line models demonstrating PRMT5 up-or downregulation, need to be studied. Because PRMT5 expression is regulated in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm, utilizing it as a biomarker to predict cancer status prior to obtaining tumor tissue is difficult. Exploratory research on specific PRMT5 inhibitors is progressing, and technical tools for drug development are becoming more readily available. Mechanistic studies of the processes behind the therapeutic potential of PRMT5 inhibitors will also be useful. In animal models, many PRMT5 inhibitors have shown promise, and clinical trials are already beginning. PRMT5 inhibitors have the potential to treat cancer on their own or in combination with other current or future treatment methods. Finally, PRMT5 inhibitors may be useful in the treatment of cancers that have become resistant to checkpoint inhibitors. Because of their coordinated actions on tumor cells and tumor microenvironmental components, PRMT5 inhibitors may prove to be particularly effective in cancer treatment.
The Role and Development of MSMEs on the National Economy
Authors: Putri Megawati Yuliana
Published: June 2021

One of the main goals of each country is to advance the nation's economy. The increasing rate of unemployment and poverty in villages to big cities encourages Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to rise up as a means of building the Indonesian economy. The existence of MSMEs in each region can create jobs, increase income, meet needs, and reduce poverty and unemployment.
Using pre-existing datasets to combine published information with new metrics would help researchers construct a broader picture of chromatin in disease
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Using pre-existing datasets to combine published information with new metrics would help researchers construct a broader picture of chromatin in disease. A computational biology goal is the near-real-time integration of epigenomic data sets, irrespective of the laboratory they were generated in—similar to a blood pressure, ECG or troponin test. In addition, epigenome modeling must become dynamic, considering cell-to-cell variability and changes over time due to normal physiological or pathological stressors. Probabilistic modeling and machine learning can help such model creation, while finding (and quantifying) previously identified developing chromatin properties that match heart health changes. A 3D genome representation, for example, may reveal a structural or accessibility attribute connected to health or disease that no single epigenomic test alone can discover. Such strategies can expand basic knowledge of biology and illness.Incorporating wet and dry lab training components to teach schemes to foster the formation of more diverse technical repertoires. Data mining and fresh data collection will revolutionize how we handle chromatin challenges in coming years. Knowing how computers solve problems (as opposed to how people do) and how to computationally phrase questions would create a shared vocabulary that completes tasks. Team members don't need all the big data skills, but a collaborative attitude is important for effective large-scale epigenomic research. UCLA's QCBio Collaboratory is a great platform for teaching non-programmers and facilitating cooperation to resolve biological issues.It also encourages the use of open source technology by making genomics datasets available to non-experts.There are already many bioinformatics tools—and others will be developed to introduce new understanding—but basic knowledge of how computers work and how to answer big-data questions will continue to empower scientists to test the most meaningful hypotheses with appropriate tools to reveal new insights about cardiac biology.
Gene therapy for the central nervous system has been initiated. This expansion will require some degree of simplicity in delivery processes
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

In the new development paradigm, gene therapy for the central nervous system has been initiated as a result of the recent successes in phase I–II clinical trials of human patients, as well as superior vector technology. These treatment strategies are no longer confined to diseases with hereditary components, but may now be utilized for a wider array of disease indications and pathways, considerably broadening the scope of gene therapy for the central nervous system (CNS) indications. This expansion will require some degree of simplicity in delivery processes as well as foresight into future IV production requirements, particularly for target-specific delivery. Because of the need for consistent delivery procedures to serve an increasing number of patients, universal delivery procedures which may be used in different locations across the world are necessary. Moreover, manufacturability is critical in the development of the GT sector, as it has a direct impact on the supply of high-quality, large-quantity vectors that are required to meet future clinical demand, as well as the price and ability to introduce novel gene therapy products to the general population.
Applying genome-wide association technology to brain diseases enables the discovery of lncRNas targets for gene therapy
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

The role of LncRNAs is unique in that, after the initial transcription step, which impacts multiple types of gene expression, subsequent stages influence a variety of brain diseases. The timely and ordered production and regulation of LncRNAs is critical for cellular homeostasis to be maintained. A recent study focused on identifying unique lncRNAs as potential therapeutic targets. Brain diseases (BDs) and brain cancers are known to have LncRNA alterations influencing various basic neuronal cell characteristics. Furthermore, exosomal-lncRNAs have been found to promote cancer drug resistance. Changes in lncRNA expression and location can lead to brain sickness, which is consistent with their crucial role. Brain illnesses are frequently linked to lncRNA abnormalities. The use of lncRNAs in targeted therapies has emerged, and these ideas are based on the assumption that when BDs involve abnormal lncRNA activity, this event is linked to a second effect activation in a genetic system.As a result, uncovering novel lncRNA roles in BDs as well as brain developmental anomalies might provide a unique opportunity to design therapeutic aims. Examined the present state of knowledge on lncRNAs in various BDs, modulation and regulation of lncRNAs, and lncRNA participation in BD processing. Despite the fact that genetic and pharmacological studies have shed light on the various roles of lncRNAs and molecular components, many questions remain unanswered. The timing and location of brain-specific lncRNA transcription and translocation, for example, are unknown. Furthermore, the genetic foci of lncRNAs as well as their distinct phenotypes are unknown.lncRNAs can now be tested and targeted in BDs thanks to the development of GWAS technology. Such study might lead to the discovery of novel targets for drug development that are both efficient and effective in the treatment of BDs.
Following the discovery of anti-MDA5 Ab, the clinical understanding of dermatomyositis has been improved
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Knowledge about clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis has exploded in the last two decades, especially after the discovery of anti-MDA5 Ab. The disease's likely genesis and pathophysiological processes have been studied in a number of scientific and epidemiological studies. Thanks to a slew of new large-scale cohort studies, the clinical characteristics of MDA5+ DM may be better identified. In addition, several prognostic indicators have been discovered, such as respiratory physiology measures and serum biomarkers, which have helped to enhance risk categorization in clinical practice and restrict the design of future clinical studies. Quantitative evaluation of pulmonary HRCT data may be the trend of imaging testing in MDA5+ DM-ILD. The current standard of treatment for MDA5+ DM-ILD is "triple treatment" with JAK inhibitors, which has been proven in recent trials to significantly improve the survival of early-stage patients. Total mortality in this incurable disease, however, is still shockingly high, especially in advanced-stage patients. There is still a pressing need for a more effective and well-evidenced treatment approach for MDA5+ DM-ILD.
Sickle Cell Disease Hematopoietic Stem Cell gene therapy with globin gene addition is promising
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Autologous transplantation of gene-modified HSCs might be used to treat Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) once and for all. Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC) gene therapy with lentiviral-globin gene addition was optimized by HSC collection, vector constructs, lentiviral transduction, and conditioning in the current gene therapy experiment for SCD, resulting in higher gene marking and phenotypic correction. Further advancements over the next decade should allow for a widely approved gene-addition therapy. Long-term engraftment is crucial for gene-corrected CD34+ HSCs, which might be addressed in the coming years, and gene repair of the SCD mutation in the-globin gene can be achieved in vitro using genome editing in CD34+ cells. Because of breakthroughs in efficacy, safety, and delivery strategies, in vivo gene addition and gene correction in BM HSCs is advancing. Overall, further research is needed, but HSC-targeted gene addition/gene editing therapy is a promising SCD therapy with curative potential that might be widely available soon.
KONSEP DASAR ILMU GIZI
Authors: Rezkiyanti Futri Alifia
Published: June 2021

Gizi merupakan zat-zat yang ada dalam makanan yang diperlukan oleh tubuh sehingga tubuh memperoleh energi yang dapat digunakan untuk menjalani aktivitas sehari-hari, zat-zat tersebut seperti karbohidrat, lemak, protein, mineral, vitamin dan air. Selain itu gizi dapat diartikan juga sebagai suatu proses penyerapan, maupun pengeluaran zat gizi untuk mempertahankan kehidupan, pertumbuhan dan fungsi normal organ tubuh serta menghasilkan tenaga.
KEBUTUHAN ENERGI GIZI PADA TUBUH
Authors: Husain Zulfa
Published: June 2021

Kebutuhan dasar dari sctiap makhluk hidup untuk melakukan berbagai kegiatan yaitu Memerlukan energi. Energi diperolch dari karbohidrat, protein, dan lemak yang berasal dari Bahan makanan. Nilai energi ditentukan oleh kandungan karbohidrat, protein, dan lemak.Kebutuhan cnergi sescorang menurut FAOWHO tahun 1985 adalah konsumsi energi Berasal dari makanan yang diperiukan untuk menutupi pengcluaran energi sescorang bila Mempunnyai ukuran dan komposisi tubuh dengan tingkat aktivitas yang scsuai dengan Keschatan Jangka panjang dan yang memungknkan pemeliharaan aktivitas fisik yang Dibutuhkan secara sosial dan ckonomi. Kebutuhan energi scscorang ditentukaolcheh Metabolisme basal, aktivitas fisik, maupun efek makanan.
Autophagy and proteostasis adjustment role in normal brain function and neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Higher cognitive brain functions are based on neural network complexity and diversity of neuronal identities. Understanding how the brain works is still a major scientific topic, not only because it consists of tens of billions of neuronal and glial cells, but also because the flexibility of the nervous system involves altering synaptic linkages and their abundance. Individual synapses include an average composition of around 1,000–3,000 different proteins, with 100,000 protein units in total. This complexity is further amplified molecularly.De novo protein synthesis is recognized to be crucial for the stability of synaptic changes in converting short-term memories to long-term memories. Neurons have a distinct compartmentalization degree and can maintain and adjust their proteomas without relying on the cell body. Dendrites make up more than 75% of the total space of a neuron and can produce hundreds of synapses, requiring transport of membrane-bound cargo and organelles via intricate dendritic arborization and long axons.Neurons are exposed to a number of stressful situations that may compromise proteostasis during their lengthy lifespan. The accumulation of aberrant protein aggregates in the form of soluble oligomers, fibrils and large protein inclusions defines most neurodegenerative diseases, emphasizing the significance of preserving the integrity of the proteome for health. As a result, the ability of synapses to keep their unique features for long periods of time or to change their composition in response to physiological indications poses a tight, ongoing challenge to the proteostasis network. This article explores the basic mechanisms that govern proteostasis adjustment and their involvement in normal brain function and neurodegenerative diseases. These discoveries are also assessed as to their implications for the future development of therapeutic strategies to alleviate disease conditions and extend brain health.
Dermatophytes: role of host genetics in the development of illness
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Because dermatophytes and their hosts are so different, infection susceptibility is most likely the consequence of changes on both sides, as well as reciprocal adaptation. In addition, some studies have revealed a role for host genetics in the development of illness, including possible Mendelian inheritance patterns for dermatophytosis tendency. This paper emphasizes the complexity of the genetic link between dermatophytes and their natural and accidental hosts. According to a literature study, different ideas and methodologies may lead to different interpretations of this connection. Selecting an appropriate model for analysis and reasoning is a critical step in better understanding these disorders. A significant portion of the research is focused on the host's genetic and immunological response to dermatophyte infection. Future studies will require a broader exploration of the dermatophyte genome in combination with analysis of large phenotypically well-characterized populations of various dermatophyte species in order to identify the main factors mediating infection risk that can be targeted to disrupt host–pathogen interactions and used in therapies. As a result, both conceptually and practically, extensive study on the interactions between dermatophytes and their specific hosts, which comprise intricate molecular pathways, is critical. However, it is undeniable that genetic predisposition plays a crucial role in the susceptibility to dermatophyte infection.
PENGARUH KEARIFAN LOKAL TERHADAP KELESTARIAN LINGKUNGAN ALAM DI KAMPUNG NAGA, TASIKMALAYA DAN DI SUNGAI JINGAH, BANJARMASIN : ARTIKEL KONSEPTUAL
Authors: Kuswara Yogi
Published: June 2021

Kearifan lokal yaitu kumpulan dari berbagai pengetahuan lokal dan pengalaman masyarakat disuatu daerah. Pada suatu kearifan lokal yang ada disuatu daerah terdapat nilai – nilai yang bermanfaat (sifatnya postitif), hal tersebut karena kearifan lokal tercipta dari nilai – nilai sosial yang dihormati serta dijunjung tinggi oleh masyarakat dan memiliki fungsi sebagai suatu pedoman dalam bertingkah laku dengan sesama masyarakat / manusia, alam, maupun dengan Tuhan. Pada artikel ini akan dibahas mengenai pengaruh kearifan lokal pada kelestarian lingkungan terutama di daerah Kampung Naga di Tasikmalaya, dan di daerah Sungai Jingah, Banjarmasin. Metode yang digunakan pada artikel ini yaitu deskriptif kualitatif, dengan sumber data dari studi literatur. Tujuan dari artikel konseptual ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh kearifan lokal dalam menjaga kelestarian lingkungan yang ada disuatu daerah terutama yang ada di Kampung Naga Tasikmalaya dan yang ada di daerah Sungai Jingah, Banjarmasin.
KEBUTUHAN ENERGI DALAM TUBUH
Authors: Hadza Roza Qoni
Published: June 2021

Menurut WHO, kebutuhan energi seseorang adalah konsumsi energi berasal dari makanan yang diperlukan untuk menutupi pengeluaran energi seseorang bila ia mempunyai ukuran dan komposisi tubuh dengan tingkat aktivitas yang sesuai dengan kesehatan jangka panjang. Kebutuhan energi total orang dewasa diperlukan untuk metabolisme basal, aktivitas fisik dan efek makanan atau pengaruh dinamik khusus.
Nanocarriers can be used to control the activity of genome editing in a spatiotemporal way by using stimulusresponsive nanocarriers
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

CRISPR/Cas9 is a genome editing technology that uses an RNA-guided programmable nuclease, Cas9, for genomic engineering. Recently, viral delivery-based genome editing for the treatment of congenital blindness has proceeded into clinical trials. Despite advancements, the potential for immunogenicity and restricted viral nanoparticles have hampered therapeutic genome editing. In this context, stimuli-responsive nanoparticles that degrade or disassociate from genome editing machinery have a lot of promise. Phenylboronic acid (PBA) conjugated PEI and 2,3dimethylmaleic anhydride (DMMA) modified poly (ethylene glycol) bpolylysine (mPEG113bPLys100/DMMA), for example, is a pH responsive nanoparticle. PEI is a cationic polymer that has been widely employed for pH-responsive CRISPR/Cas9 delivery due to its high density of ionizable amines, which promotes the proton sponge effect for endosome escape. Injecting a plasmid carrying dead Cas9 into mice can upregulate the expression of miR524 for cancer treatment. Cas9 RNPs may be encased inside nanoscale ZIF8 via in situ self-assembly of 2 methylimidazole (2MIMs), zinc ions, and Cas9 RNP. Under acidic conditions, Zif8/Cas9 nanoparticles released 70% of Cas9 in only 10 minutes. The antigenic profile and content of cancer cell membranes are inherited from the source cells, resulting in homotypic targeting. In living cells, varying redox potential offers particular cues for spatiotemporal CRISPR/Cas9 delivery.This review describes genome editing delivery vectors that are responsive to light, magnetic fields, and ultrasound. Nanocarriers can be used to control the activity of genome editing in a spatiotemporal way by using stimulusresponsive nanocarriers. NIR irradiation creates 1O2 and breaks down PEI brushes in pSPN, releasing the Cas9 plasmid and allowing gene editing to begin. To avoid unintentional off-target editing, CRISPR/Cas9 must be delivered to specified regions of tissues with spatial control. MNPBV, a nanocomplex made up of baculoviral vectors (BV) and magnetic nanoparticles (MNP), has the potential to provide multiplexed and regulated genome editing in vitro. Zhang and Wang et al. used an ultrasound-propelled gold nanowire as an active transport vehicle to deliver Cas9 RNP.
Exosomes as promising gene therapy tools still need to be researched and manufactured more efficiently
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Gene therapy was first established in 1972, and since then, it has made great progress in terms of adoption. The efficiency of the gene transfer carrier is critical to the success of gene therapy. As a result, researchers are always looking for a secure, specialized, and efficient mode of transportation. In recent years, the newly discovered exosomal transport mechanism has made significant progress. Viruses, bacteria, phages, and synthetic lipids-based delivery methods are less stable, biocompatible, and can cross the blood-brain barrier. The majority of the research has focused on creating exosomes that transport therapeutic miRNA to specific target cells. Despite the excellent results, there are still some concerns about employing exosomes as a gene therapy carrier. The miRNA mechanism is becoming increasingly apparent for a specific condition, yet one miRNA can influence several genes. Furthermore, nothing is known about numerous non-disease related gene interactions. Although high levels of certain exocrine miRNA may aid in the treatment of some disorders, nothing is known about potential side effects. Exosomes still need to be researched and manufactured more efficiently. While exosomes have significant promise for gene therapy, using exocrine miRNAs to treat disorders is difficult and requires further research and development by academics and clinicians.
Clinical symptoms, underlying pathogenesis, and the prospect of tailored therapies have all benefited from genetic discoveries in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Clinical symptoms, underlying pathogenesis, and the prospect of tailored therapies have all benefited from genetic discoveries in Parkinson's disease.Even as our understanding of disease biology improves, there are still knowledge gaps that must be filled in the future. Reliable biomarkers that uniquely recapitulate pathophysiological aspects are necessary for patient classification and medication response tracking. Genetic testing is essential in 'idiopathic' or 'sporadic' PD patients to identify those who would benefit from genotype-driven treatment. Genotype-dependent segmentation of research participants will broaden the possible usefulness of targeted treatments. Biomarker-assisted clinical trials will benefit tremendously from new adaptable designs. Recent breakthroughs in genotype-driven therapy, on the other hand, should deliver considerable benefits for Parkinson's patients in the medium term and lead to the development of the first disease-modifying drugs.
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is a set of hereditary cardiac muscle disorders where various etiologies converge. Most ACM patients do not have a genetic diagnosis
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a set of hereditary cardiac muscle disorders where various etiologies converge to create a risk of life-threatening arrhythmia. Because the main flow of arrhythmia goes via this description, the many illnesses that compose it have separate natural histories, indications for therapy, and traits that might be shared among relatives. While the condition has a wide range of molecular and genetic origins, it can also stem from nutritional deficiencies. Previous research has looked into the types of heart diseases that can be determined using cardiac imaging studies (mainly, whether or not the heart is dominant on the right or left side), but newer information shows that diagnosing patients and determining prognosis may be improved with information on the genetic causes of the diseases. While these findings clearly indicate a role for genetics in ACM, they indicate that most ACM patients do not have a genetic diagnosis. With the use of current techniques, the focus of future research will be on more refined assessments of gene-specific outcomes in ACM, as well as on furthering gene discoveries in gene-elusive families.
ANALISIS PENENTUAN POLA PRODUKSI UNTUK MEMINIMALISASI BIAYA PRODUKSI PADA HOME INDUSTRI KERIPIK PISANG KHARISMA DI BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Alam Iskandar Ali , Neliedia
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola produksi yang diterapkan oleh home industri keripik pisang Kharisma, dan untuk mengetahui perbandingan pola produksi konstan, bergelombang dan moderat. Menentukan pola produksi sebaiknya digunakan untuk meminimalkan biaya tambahan. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi dengan cara pengamatan langsung pada obyek penelitian, dan wawancara dengan pemilik perusahaan.Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis biaya tambahan dengan melihat pola permintaan produk, menghitung biaya tambahan yang mencakup biaya simpan, biaya perputaran tenaga kerja, biaya lembur serta biaya sub kontrak, membandingkan biaya tambahan dari pola produksi yang diterapkan dengan pola produksi lain dan menyimpulkan pola produksi yang efisien.Setelah menganalisis biaya tambahan pada home industri keripik pisang Kharisma terdapat tiga hasil yaitu pola produksi konstan dengan biaya Rp 1.457.800, pola produksi bergelombang dengan biaya Rp 403.500, dan pola produksi moderat dengan biaya Rp 1.402.900. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pola produksi bergelombang adalah pola produksi yang paling tepat karena memiliki biaya tambahan rendah sehingga mampu meminimalkan biaya produksi.
The protease MBTPS2 is an important regulator of several cellular processes, especially in health and sickness
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Since the identification of MBTPS2 in 1997, tremendous progress has been made in determining the protease's functions. The protease has developed from an element of the SREBP cleavage machinery to an important regulator of several cellular processes, especially in health and sickness. With this newfound information from biochemical and structural biology, S2P's proteolytic action through peptide bond hydrolysis can occur in the membrane, providing a conceptual framework for appreciating S2P's roles in other aspects, and showing that many other substrates rely on S2P for their survival. In addition, we discovered the identity of both of S2P's catalytic active sites, an essential finding as the activity of the proteolysis as well as the pathogenesis of MBTPS2-caused illnesses seems to be connected to the molecular and biochemical features of the catalytic sites. Additionally, MBTPS2 causes different diseases, possibly illustrating the pleiotropic nature of the protein. Also, while the ailments reported thus far are all due to mutations that cause MBTPS2 to lose function, other variants that cause MBTPS2 to be hyperactive have not been examined. Nevertheless, recognizing the related sickness pathomechanism is a challenge. Pursuing these challenging technical areas would most definitely enhance our understanding of MBTPS2 in disease states. MBTPS2 appears to be nearing the solution to many of the remaining fundamental questions surrounding the mechanism of its action, as well as being a therapeutic target for new therapies.
SUMBER ZAT GIZI DAN PENILAIN STATUS GIZI
Authors: Inayaht Nurul , Yuniar Sugira Selfi
Published: June 2021

Berdasarkan perbedaan kebutuhan tersebut, zat gizi terbagi menjadi dua kelompok besar berikut.1. Zat gizi makroZat gizi makro adalah zat gizi yang diperlukan tubuh dalam jumlah besar. Kelompok yang disebut juga dengan makronutrien ini terdiri atas karbohidrat, lemak, dan protein. Ketiganya menyediakan energi agar dapat beraktivitas dan menjalankan fungsinya.Makronutrien diukur dalam satuan gram, misalnya sekian gram karbohidrat, lemak, atau protein. Karbohidrat dan protein sebanyak 1 gram masing-masing menyediakan energi sebesar 4 kkal (kalori), sedangkan 1 gram lemak menyumbangkan 9 kkal.2. Zat gizi mikroZat gizi mikro adalah zat gizi yang diperlukan tubuh dalam jumlah kecil. Kelompok yang disebut juga dengan mikronutrien ini terdiri atas vitamin dan mineral. Mikronutrien biasanya diukur dalam satuan miligram (mg), mikrogram (mcg), atau IU.Vitamin terbagi kembali menjadi dua kelompok, yakni vitamin larut air dan vitamin larut lemak. Vitamin yang larut dalam lemak meliputi vitamin A, D, E, dan K. Sementara itu, vitamin larut air terdiri atas vitamin B kompleks dan C. Energi tersebut didapatkan dengan cara mengonsumsi zat gizi yang diperlukan oleh tubuh. Kebutuhan zat gizi tersebut harus dipenuhi untuk menjaga kesehatan tubuh kita.
Insulin and IGF-1 receptors mutations can lead to targets for gene therapy in diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Insulin and IGF-1 signaling are found in nearly every cell in the body and are important for metabolism, development, and differentiation. Despite considerable progress, understanding the basic reason for abnormal insulin receptor signaling in type 2 diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome remains a challenge. In the future decade, integrating several omics layers into a unique disease profile and translating these insights into novel and personalised therapies will be a big challenge.
Polycomb genes role in cancer pathophysiology is offering targets for therapeutics including gene therapy
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Several phenotypes can come from transcription regulation. Sequence-specific transcription factors are needed to effectively execute transcriptional programs, however they are often not operating alone. Polycomb PcG proteins are a well-known class of chromatin regulators found in Drosophila melanogaster and other species, including humans. As time passed, the concept of a PCG gene or protein shifted from the original phenotypic meaning of mutant flies to the contemporary biochemical description. PCG genes and proteins are under investigation for their critical contributions to physiology and their cancer treatment potential. Adding additional PcG members, with substantial responsibilities in PRC modulation, has opened new routes of inquiry in the issue. It is still needed to discover the many PRC variations' roles and how their catalytic activity is controlled. This review covers mutually exclusive PRC2 variants and employs a technique like the one used for PRC1 variants. Based on current biochemical findings, these classifications are valid. More auxiliary PcG subunit research is needed for now. Moreover, it is unknown how many PRC cell variations occur (hypothetically, there could be more than 100 different PRC variants).In order to fully elucidate the new PcG proteins and complexes, it is necessary to perform comprehensive research. We must study context-specific genetic modifications to better provide remedies. Current anti-cancer drugs target mainly the core subunits and catalytic activity of PRC2 and PRC1, and understanding these functions is critical. Targeting each particular activity that has been deregulated might be rather beneficial. PCG proteins are involved in oncogenesis, tumor suppression, and development/congenital illness as well. PcG involvement in cancer, once revealed, would be intriguing. Successful and effective therapeutic therapies will be helped by a detailed understanding of the pathways that contain PcG proteins.
Studying the pathologic mechanisms of Osteoporosis and the bone microenvironment may help researchers better know the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis, periodontitis, and multiple myeloma, as well as other inflammatory and autoimmune disorders
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Osteoporosis, often known as Paget's disease of bone, is an aging bone disease. Despite the fact that the overall incidence of the disease is decreasing, it is vital to carry out PDB study. As a result of doing research on genetic variants associated with PDB, new roles for proteins in bone remodeling have been discovered. In light of the important role of OCLs in bone remodeling and the immune system, it's quite likely that a more in-depth look at PDB will be vital for the blossoming field of osteoimmunology. By gaining a better understanding of the pathologic processes of OCLs and the bone microenvironment, researchers may be able to better comprehend rheumatoid arthritis, periodontitis, and multiple myeloma, as well as other inflammatory and autoimmune illnesses that have abnormal bone degradation.
Developments in biomedical technology will increase the importance of mRNA in treating brain tumors, as well as other malignancies
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

RNA was previously believed to be a genetic substance in animals rather than DNA because it was more active in cells than DNA, and conveyed codons often into and out of the nuclear pore, which helped organism development and reproduction and was necessary for biological life. Until later, it was discovered that certain viruses' genetic material is RNA rather than DNA, and American scientists Baltimore and Termin discovered reverse transcriptase in viruses that could reverse transcribe RNA into DNA; hence, RNA was shown to have a strong gene transcription function. Three high-profile areas of modern cancer research focus on three distinct areas: The abundance of non-coding RNAs such as lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs are intensely studied as they do not change the transcription of mRNAs;For diagnosis and prognosis, the expression level of mRNA can serve as a crucial biomarker, as it is carried by the body rather than being an invasive molecule. In addition, because primary brain malignancies are typically caused by genetic abnormalities, mRNA may be used to discover cures for these malignancies, which might potentially be utilized in gene therapy. In vitro transcription messenger RNA (IVT mRNA)-related technologies have been introduced in recent years, and using IVT mRNA, it is possible to stimulate de novo protein synthesis without altering the physiological status of the cells to which they are applied. Increasingly, developments in biomedical technology will increase the importance of mRNA in treating brain tumors, as well as other malignancies, and study of related research and function will also expand.
Kebutuhan Energi Gizi dalam Tubuh
Authors: Rejeki Fitriah Ihsani Sri
Published: June 2021

Kebutuhan energi seseorang menurut FAO/WHO tahun 1985 adalah konsumsi energi berasal dari makanan yang diperlukan untuk menutupi pengeluaran energi seseorang bila mempunnyai ukuran dan komposisi tubuh dengan tingkat aktivitas yang sesuai dengan kesehatan jangka panjang dan yang memungkinkan pemeliharaan aktivitas fisik yang dibutuhkan secara sosial dan ekonomi. Kebutuhan energi seseorang ditentukan oleh metabolisme basal, aktivitas fisik, maupun efek makanan.
Từ quá khứ tới thực tại, từ tư tưởng tới hành động phát triển kinh tế xanh
Authors: Ho Manh-Toan
Published: June 2021

Ngày 31/5/2021, Thủ tướng Chính phủ Phạm Minh Chính đã có bài phát biểu quan trọng về các giải pháp cho phát triển bền vững hậu Covid-19 trong phiên thảo luận tại Hội nghị thượng đỉnh Đối tác vì tăng trưởng xanh và mục tiêu toàn cầu (P4G) lần thứ 2. Việc tìm về những bài viết, công trình nghiên cứu trước đó của Ông sẽ giúp chúng ta có thể hiểu được phần nào cách tư duy và những quyết sách của đương kim Thủ tướng.
3D bioprinting for enhanced vascularization, and gene editing to provide a more favorable immunological response are just some of the potential uses of carbon materials
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

While there are still a number of difficulties to overcome when it comes to practical use of large-scale tissue-engineered cardiac structures, there are some intriguing avenues to examine. Carbon is being employed in a number of fields to help solve various aspects of biological integration, biochemical and mechanical signals in cardiac development, 3D bioprinting for enhanced vascularization, and gene editing to provide a more favorable immunological response, to name a few. Clinical trials are particularly crucial when tissue-engineered cardiac tissues are utilized more broadly, since the design and execution of clinical studies will influence the findings in other research. To assess the most appropriate study endpoints, methods such as cardiac MRI with a high degree of reproducibility to measure surrogate markers of left ventricular ejection fraction and myocardial remodeling, as well as inclusion of multiple end points including biomarkers and quality of life metrics, should be evaluated. Furthermore, in order to determine a specific endpoint for morbidity and mortality, studies must include follow-up over an extended period of time.
artikel UMKM Berkah Jaya Salem, Lahir dan Berkembang di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: reonaldi
Published: June 2021

Usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) menjadi salah satu sektor yang mendapat tekanan yang cukup besar di tengah pandemi Covid-19. "UMKM ini awalnya dibentuk untuk memudahkan kami jika ada pameran di luar kota. Misalnya, kami ingin mengenalkan tape, saleh, telor asin, atau produk khas Salem lainnya. Dengan ini, kami bisa langsung meminta bantuan kepada anggota UMKM untuk menyiapkannya." tutur Fitroh (36), istri dari Siswo yang mengurusi bagian pemasaran UMKM.
MiR490's diagnostic capacity was demonstrated in various cancer kinds and diseases, adding to its clinical value
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

This miR‐490 review first illustrates its association with various clinical malignancies and other diseases. Although in various malignancies miR‐490's activities, regulatory mechanisms and targets were revealed, its significance to other illnesses is beginning to be studied. Note that miR‐490 levels are regulated at different levels by transcription factors, epigenetic factors, and ncRNAs, revealing complicated interplay between these components. A system approach that incorporates miR‐490 and its regulatory components will surely help detect critical miR‐490 hub connections that might affect tumor initiation/progression. Furthermore, a number of pharmacological and environmental variables known to cause disease have also been shown to alter miR‐490 levels, showing miR‐490's significant pathogenesis involvement. The fact that miR‐490 levels are strictly regulated and abnormal miR‐490 levels are reported in many cancer types and diseases highlights miR‐490's significance in controlling cell homeostasis.Due to their increased stability, miRNAs are developed as diagnostic agents. MiR‐490's diagnostic capacity was demonstrated in various cancer kinds and diseases, adding to its clinical value. The potential of miR‐490 as a non-invasive biomarker might possibly be studied by measuring patient serum/saliva/urine levels in tissues or body fluids. Furthermore, miR‐490's demonstrated ability to stratify healthy tissue tumor samples may aid establishing molecular diagnostic tools. In most circumstances, miR‐490's association with improved prognosis is also fascinating. This extra clinical importance makes miR‐490 appropriate for molecular therapy. In most cancer types where miR‐490 has been functionally identified, miR‐490 has been found to be a miRNA tumor suppressor that inhibits several cancer hallmarks by directly controlling oncogenic targets and pathways. In practical practice, a therapy regime using miR‐490 tissue alteration based on rapidly evolving targeted delivery methods may be on the horizon. Nevertheless, further in vivo investigations must be conducted using genetically changed mice models. Although miR‐490 was not yet clinically examined for its therapeutic potential, in vitro and in vivo preclinical experiments revealed enormous promise in translating miR‐490 as a novel therapeutic target. miR‐490 appears as a novel candidate miRNA with significant cancer diagnosis and therapy with its prognostic and diagnostic capabilities. Therefore, miR‐490 might serve as a novel weapon in the current anti-cancer treatment arsenal.
Polydopamine nanoparticles' activity and long-term stability should be fully studied for gene therapy applications
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Many substantial hurdles must be solved for in vivo or in vitro clinical translation of the Polydopamine (PDA)-based nanomaterials. Excessive accumulation of residual unreacted DA and specific metabolites (DA or other small molecules) of PDA in vivo may trigger a possible syndrome of dopamine dysregulation characterized by addictive behaviour, as DA may act as an endogenous neurotoxin when its vesicular sequestration is dysregulated. PDA nanoparticles' activity and long-term stability should be fully studied for in vivo applications aside from probable toxicity. According to the findings, PDA's strong reactivity with numerous functional groups (catechol, quinone, and amine) is comparatively favorable, but in mild circumstances it may have negative effects on the organism owing to direct alcohol interactions. More crucially, the charged, moist adhesive PDA has a high affinity for protein attachment, which might be a major defect in the blood contact process. Direct blood contact with these PDA-based nanomaterials with high specific surface area would result in fast protein adsorption, the establishment of a "protein corona" within minutes, and increased thrombus formation risk. In vitro applications, on the other hand, can prevent the threat of detrimental cell or tissue effects. New rules, theories and processes on structure property performance relationships may be developed by researching the in vivo bioapplications of the above-mentioned PDA nanoarchitectures, possibly leading to fundamental and useful insights into in-vitro material translations. Despite the fact that major impediments to structural control persist, it is predicted that in the future, electron coupling will bring new answers to challenges of improved illness diagnosis and therapy.
CircRNAs have the potential to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of lipid diseases
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

CircRNAs have the potential to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of lipid diseases, and further study and development is needed in the future. Further advancements, for example, are required in disease-oriented critical circRNA screening technology, which can analyze differentially expressed circRNAs in different tissues and screen out the key circRNAs, providing valuable biomarkers for diagnosis or targets to treat lipid disorder diseases. We need to figure out how to modulate circRNA expression upstream, such as biogenesis and decay, or how to directly upregulate or downregulate certain circRNA expression, setting the framework for clinical intervention in certain critical circRNA in the etiology of certain lipid disorders illness. Understanding the principles governing circRNAsponging mciroRNAs is critical because it will aid in the development of new nucleic acid treatments for lipid diseases.Engineered circRNA with bulged miRNA binding sites effectively sponged the miRNA132/212 family and attenuated myocardial hypertrophy with a low dosage requirement, extended half-lives, high efficiency, and stability when compared to the antagomir, suggesting that it has exciting potential as a novel therapeutic tool. These studies will pave the way for circRNAs to be employed as diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for lipid diseases in the clinic.
Autophagy, immunological response, and inflammation all rely on the TRIM family proteins. TRIM-based therapeutics for inflammatory illnesses including diabetes and diabetic comorbidities are promising
Authors: Dowaidar Moataz
Published: June 2021

Autophagy is a system that recycles for cellular repair and stability. TRIM regulates the autophagy and pyroptotic pathways. Autophagy, immunological response, and inflammation all rely on the TRIM family proteins. Changes in TRIM function or expression are prevalent in people with diabetes. Yoshinori Ohsumi discovered ATG in yeast genetic screening. Many yeast autophagy pathways are shared across yeast and humans. The TRIMFamily impacts autophagosome and Pyroptosis, controlling both of these processes. This will examine the TrIM family's function in diabetes and diabetic complications. The treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with chemotherapy reduces the chance of malignancy. The way TRIM proteins regulate autophagy is unclear. TRIM proteins have been found to participate in pyroptotic cell death via inflammasomes. This study might lead to greater understanding of TRIM-based therapeutics for inflammatory illnesses including diabetes and diabetic comorbidities. NLRP3 is triggered by both infection-related plasma membrane damage and ROS-induced activation of the inflammasome. Human caspases 1 and 4/5 and mouse caspase 11 are activated by inflammasomes. Caspases cleave GSDMD, the most well-studied member of the gasdermin family.Pyroptosis and the generation of inflammatory cytokines are both catalyzed by Gasdermin D. Circular perforations in membranes release mature cytokines and cell lysis. Each step of Pyroptotic cell death is influenced by several circumstances. Several TRIM proteins have been shown to mediate pyroptotic cell death via inflammasomes. TRIM30, for example, inhibits NLRP3-mediated inflammation by regulating ROS levels. NLRP1 and NLRP2 require NFB to activate and assemble. TRIM family proteins (such as TRIM59, TRIM9, and TRIM39) have been associated with inflammation in various studies. Additional study on TRIM protein's impact on pyroposis is required. Inflammatory responses triggered by inflammasomes are commonly connected to diabetes, gout, and neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Functional cell mass loss is a key pathophysiology of DM. The role of TRIM proteins in pyroptotic cell death will provide new insights for TRIM-based therapies for specific inflammatory diseases in the clinic.Auto-Phagy and Pyraptosis mediate IL1 activation in T1DM and T2DM. Hyperglycemia boosts NLRP3-induced inflammation, which yields IL1 Higher levels of IL-1 in the islet microenvironment increase pro-apoptotic signaling. Activation of the innate immune system reduces insulin synthesis, which is the foundation of diabetes. Diabetes and diabetic complications are correlated with the TRIM family proteins. Liver and skeletal muscle tissues are shown to have TRIM32-dependent insulin resistance. Recent studies concluded that TRIM72 was not a cause of DM. We need more research to determine the importance of TRim72 in diabetes, and perhaps a novel therapeutic target may be discovered.
Kebutuhan Zat Gizi dan Penilaian Status Gizi
Authors: Hadza Roza Qoni
Published: June 2021

Ada dua metode penilaian status gizi ini yaitu penilaian status gizi langsung yang terdiri dari antropometri, klinis, biokimia, biofisik, dan penilaian tidak langsung terdiri dari survei konsumsi makanan, statistik vital, faktor ekologi. Dengan begitu banyaknya metode penilaian status gizi maka perlu dipertimbangkan faktor untuk memilih metode penilaian yaitu tujuan, unit sampel yang akan diukur, jenis informasi yang dibutuhkan, tingkat reliabilitas dan akurasi yang dibutuhkan, fasilitas & peralatan yang ada, tenaga, waktu, dan dana yang tersedia.