bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Concise Review on Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) and Their Mechanical Significance Including Industrial Applications
Authors: Gangu Naidu Challa , V. V. Ramana Challa , Srinivasa Rao Yarraguntla , Vara Prasada Rao Kollabathula , Vasudha Dadi , Anusha Gandi , B. Rajeshbabu Koppisetty
Published: January 2023

Excellent characteristics of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) include light weight, high strength, high modulus, and high temperature resistance. CFRP has a wide range of potential applications in the domains of public safety, aviation, and high-end non-military people products. Different methods have been used to modify the CFRP in order to increase surface action, harshness, and wettability, improving the interfacial binding between the fiber and network for better mechanical properties. Finally, a few CFRP-related difficulties are looked at, and future directions in interfacial support research are predicted. In this day and age, innovation-focused applications are becoming more significant, and the use of mechanical cycles is progressing swiftly and steadily. Due to their exceptional performance, such as low weight, high specific strength, and high specific stiffness, carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites have a wide application viewpoint in the aerospace, military, and wind power sector high-quality civilian products. Currently, there is still a significant discrepancy between the theoretical calculation of the CFRP and the actual force. Improving the interface rationally is the key to solving this fundamental issue. The development, properties, and contemporary applications of CFRP composite materials, as well as their processing and boring activities, are discussed in this overview along with recent innovations and potential future applications.
Perspective Chapter: Higher Education Problems in Angola
Authors: Mendonça da Costa e Silva Adilía
Published: January 2023

Higher education has extreme importance in the countries’ economical, political, and social development. Since it has a fundamental role in a country’s development construction in all its aspects and provides political and strategical support that a country requires for its development. Higher education tends to improve human resources capacity that is integrated with the several activity sectors of a certain country or region, adding to business fabric consolidation and technology innovation. And this makes investment in the education sector, especially in higher education, crucial. This paper’s objective is to search for the main problems faced by educational institutions. To this end, based on the qualitative and descriptive method in which, through observation and interviews, information was collected, which after being analyzed with the help of NVivo, allowed to present a set of failures such as lack of investment, lack of management knowledge and planning on the part of managers of educational institutions, and lack of support for publication, among others.
Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Internalisasi Profil Pelajar Pancasila Pada Siswa Kelas 3 (Studi di SDN 1 Popongan)
Authors: Eni Setyaningsih
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study is to find out what activities are carried out to strengthen character education with the internalization model of Pancasila student profiles in grade 3 students at SDN 1 Popongan. This research is a descriptive research. Through several steps from collecting data, analyzing data, interpreting data to drawing conclusions. Data obtained through observation and documentation. The results of the research show that in grade 3 SDN 1 Popongan in strengthening character education through several methods such as exemplary, habituation, giving directions/warnings and motivation. There are activities carried out by the grade 3 students which indicate an internalization of the values ​​of the Pancasila student profile, namely morning literacy activities, class pickets and being with the school environment.The dimensions of values ​​reflected in these activities include having a noble character, global diversity, mutual cooperation, independence, critical and creative reasoning.
Three Nordic Neo-Aristotelians and the First Doorkeeper of Logic
Authors: Tulenheimo Tero ,   University of South Bohemia
Published: January 2023

I discuss the views on logic held by three early Nordic neo-Aristotelians — the Swedes Johannes Canuti Lenaeus (1573–1669) and Johannes Rudbeckius (1581–1646), and the Dane Caspar Bartholin (1585–1629). They all studied in Wittenberg (enrolled respectively in 1597, 1601, and 1604) and were exponents of protestant (Lutheran) scholasticism. The works I utilize are Janitores logici bini (1607) and Enchiridion logicum (1608) by Bartholin; Logica (1625) and Controversiae logices (1629) by Rudbeckius; and Logica peripatetica (1633) by Lenaeus. Rudbeckius’s and Lenaeus’s books were published much later than they were prepared. Rudbeckius wrote the first versions of his books in 1606, and the material for Lenaeus’s book had been prepared by 1607. Bartholin calls the treatment of the nature of logic the “first doorkeeper of logic”. To compare the views of the three neo-Aristotelians on this topic, I systematically investigate what they have to say about second notions, the subject of logic, the internal and external goal of logic, and the definition of logic. I also compare their approaches with those of Jacob Martini (teacher of Rudbeckius and Bartholin) and Iacopo Zabarella (an intellectual predecessor of all three).
Negritude, Universalism, and Socialism
Authors: Diagne Souleymane Bachir ,   Canadian Society for Continental Philosophy
Published: January 2023

It is important to read afresh today the meaning of the Negritude movement without reducing it, as is often the case, to a counter-essentialism in response to the essentialism of the discourse of coloni-alism; to realize that Senghor, Césaire, and Damas were 􀏔irst and foremost global philosophers, that is, thinkers of the plural and decentred world that the Bandung conference of 1955 had promised. Thus, their different perspectives converge as the task of thinking a humanism for our times based on a non-imperial universal, a univer-sal of encounter and translation founded on equality. And, consequently, a socialism that is, in its different translations, a force of emancipation, but also of humanization and spiritualization of the earth. That task is still ours.
Contribution to a Hermeneutical Pedagogy
Authors: Ipperciel Donald ,   Canadian Society for Continental Philosophy
Published: January 2023

This article argues that philosophical hermeneutics, despite its onto-logical character, can inform higher education teaching in a meaningful way. After discussing theoretical aspects of philosophical her-meneutics, focus will turn to pre-understandings and historically effected consciousness. These concepts will lead to hermeneutics’s transformative nature, with the notion of openness serving as a com-mon thread. The review of three further concepts of philosophical hermeneutics—hermeneutical experience, authentic dialogue, and Bildung—will provide insight into openness as a vanishing point without being a culmination. Parallels to Mezirow’s method of trans-formative learning will be drawn and the concept of Bildung, central to philosophical hermeneutics, will be considered through the Hum-boldtian lens to better extract its practical implications, which lay beyond Gadamer’s theoretical focus. Finally, the last section will cement the applicative intent of the article by presenting concrete teaching practices that 􀏔low from philosophical hermeneutics.
Gerda Walther and the Possibility of Telepathy as an Act of Personal Social Mind
Authors: Calcagno Antonio ,   Canadian Society for Continental Philosophy
Published: January 2023

The phenomenologist Gerda Walther posits the possibility of a new social act, which she terms telepathy. It is marked by an intimate in-terpersonal union in which ego and alter ego become capable of sharing in the identical lived experience, though distant from one another. Here, there is no fusion or collective identi􀏔ication; rather, in-dividuals, though they live the experience and mind of the other, never lose or transcend their own individuation. Unlike the act of empathy, there is no analogical transfer. This article defends the possibility of a restricted sense telepathy. The author argues that four conditions must be ful􀏔illed for telepathy to occur: recognition of a social drive; a partially willed act of mind that results in the assump-tion of a certain stance, but it also comes upon us as an experience; constitution of subjects as persons marked by a “fundamental es-sence”; and I-splitting.
Application of Chebyshev Inequality in Stochastic Inventory Model with Controllable Lead Time and Backorder Discount
Authors: K. Jaggi Chandra , Arneja Neetu
Published: January 2023

Many researchers have recognized the importance of lead time reduction in stochastic inventory model, as it helps the firm to improve service level, manufacturing schedule and low safety stock. A good amount of work has been published in this context. Most of the authors have assumed that demand during the lead time either follows a normal known distribution or an unknown distribution. For an unknown distribution, authors have obtained the results using Minimax approach usually. In this paper a continuous review inventory model is developed with controllable lead time and backorder discount where lead time demand distribution is unknown. The solution is obtained by using Chebyshev inequality. The comparative analysis of all the three approaches viz. Chebyshev inequality, Minimax and Normal is also presented.
Buyer-Seller Coordination Model for fuzzy deteriorating items
Authors: H. Shah Nita , Pareek Sarla , Sangal Isha
Published: January 2023

A coordinated buyer-seller inventory model for fuzzy deteriorating items is developed under uncertain cost and demand information. The model is developed using quantity discount policy under incomplete information environment. It is observed that the solution is very close to that when one has complete information. Fuzzy set theory is used to handle the uncertainty in the input parameters. The model is analyzed using triangular membership function. The model is illustrated with a suitable numerical example.
Propuesta de diagnóstico de enfermería: riesgo de negativa a la vacunación
Authors: Puche Louzán Francisco , Cantero González María Lourdes
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Vaccination is, nowadays, the best tool for the prevention of diseases in public health, avoiding, thanks to it, around 2 to 3 million deaths annually. However, anti-vaccine movements and their growth put public health at risk, being Nursing one of the most important pieces in the fight against these groups and misinformation. Objective: To elaborate a diagnosis proposal that registers the susceptibility to the appearance of vaccination refusal. Methodology: A bibliographic search was carried out in different databases (LILACS, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus) to support the creation of the diagnosis on the most recent scientific evidence and with the highest level of quality. Results: We propose the creation of the diagnosis "Risk of refusal of vaccination", whose definition is "susceptible to refuse immunization against communicable and/or fatal diseases, putting the user's health and public health at risk". Discussion: within Taxonomy II, is included in Domain 11, safety/protection, and in class 5, defensive processes. Conclusions: In the absence of a Nursing diagnosis related to vaccination, a process in which nurses play an active role, and in the face of the threat posed by anti-vaccine movements, the diagnosis Risk of refusal of vaccination represents an important advance in the body of nursing knowledge.

Introducción: La vacunación es, en la actualidad, la mejor herramienta para la prevención de enfermedades en salud pública, evitándose, gracias a la misma, alrededor de entre 2 y 3 millones de defunciones anualmente. No obstante, los movimientos antivacunas y su crecimiento ponen en riesgo la salud de la comunidad, siendo Enfermería una de las piezas más importantes en la lucha frente a estos movimientos y a la desinformación. Objetivo: Elaborar una propuesta de diagnóstico enfermero que registre la susceptibilidad de aparición del rechazo a la vacunación. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos (LILACS, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Cochrane y Scopus) para sustentar la propuesta de diagnóstico en la evidencia científica más reciente y con el más alto nivel de calidad. Resultados: Se propone la creación del diagnóstico “Riesgo de negativa a la vacunación”, cuya definición es “susceptible de rechazar la inmunización frente a enfermedades transmisibles y/o mortales, poniendo en riesgo la salud del usuario y la salud pública”. Discusión: Dentro de la Taxonomía II, este diagnóstico quedaría enmarcado en el Dominio 11, seguridad/protección, y a la clase 5, procesos defensivos. Conclusiones: Al no existir un diagnóstico de Enfermería relacionado con la vacunación, proceso en el que las enfermeras desempeñan un papel activo, y ante la amenaza que suponen los movimientos antivacunas, el diagnóstico Riesgo de negativa a la vacunación supone un importante avance en el cuerpo de conocimientos enfermero.
Exploring the effect of social media in Personal Learning Environments in the university settings: analysing experiences and detecting future challenges
Authors: Gil-Fernández Raquel , Calderón-Garrido Diego , Martín-Piñol Carolina
Published: January 2023

The concept of PLEs as connected learning and the shaping of them as a socio-material framework in which people learn, overlaps with the intrinsic characteristics of social media. Consequently, it is important to analyse how academic literature has treated the direct relationship between the two realities in the university sector. Accordingly, the objective of this work is to determine how this relationship has been treated with regards to contexts, authorship and positions, types of social media, objectives pursued, methodologies and results. Regarding methodology, we used the PICOC strategy to design the research questions and the PRISMA protocol to carry out a meta-analysis of academic production in SCOPUS and JCR between 2012 and 2021. We ultimately obtained a sample of 35 works. The findings show that use of media to build PLEs that meet users’ needs should be explored in greater depth and analysed by using particular methodologies to reach conclusions that help to drive them. Academic and professional promotion stand out among the major challenges in the use of social media in PLEs, as does the possibility of bringing together non-formal, formal, and informal areas to create learning.

La concepción de PLE como aprendizaje conectado y su configuración como entramado socio-material en el que las personas aprenden, confluye con las características intrínsecas que ostentan las redes sociales. Por tanto, resulta relevante analizar cómo la literatura científica ha tratado la relación directa entre ambas realidades en el ámbito universitario. De este modo, el objetivo del trabajo es determinar cómo se ha tratado dicha relación en cuanto a contextos, autorías y posicionamientos, tipo de redes sociales, objetivos perseguidos, metodologías y resultados. Referente a la metodología, se ha utilizado la estrategia PICOC para diseñar las preguntas de investigación y el protocolo PRISMA para realizar el metaanálisis de la producción científica en SCOPUS y JCR entre 2012 y 2021. Finalmente, se obtuvo una muestra de 35 trabajos. Los hallazgos revelaron que se ha de profundizar el uso de redes para la construcción de PLE adaptados a las necesidades de los usuarios, y analizarlos utilizando determinadas metodologías para así poder obtener conclusiones que ayuden a impulsarlos. Dentro de los grandes desafíos en el uso de las redes sociales en los PLE, destacan la promoción académica y profesional, así como la posibilidad de hacer converger ámbitos no formales, formales e informales para generar aprendizajes.
The Authoritarian Institution
Authors: Huber Andreas
Published: January 2023

Else Frenkel was associated with the University of Vienna for more than five years in total. She was studying eight semesters, from 1926 to 1930 at Austria’s biggest university, reached the position of a research assistant in the study year 1931/32 and worked a second time as temporary employee in 1936. The political climate in these years was characterized by racist Antisemitism and attacks against the parliamentarian democracy, by violence against “Jewish” and left-wing students and discrimination against scientists who did not fit into the “Aryan” and German national template. Fascism and National Socialism had a huge backing especially in the student body, many years before Austria became a part of Nazi Germany. This article wants to draw an atmospheric picture of the University of Vienna in these years, especially from 1926 to 1932, when Frenkel was almost continuously connected with the institution.
El llit honest i l’oració devota de l’Emperadriu al "Tirant lo Blanc": textos i imatges d’Anunciacions amb secrets d’alcova
Authors: Beltran Rafael
Published: January 2023

L’article examina els antecedents i contextos de l’episodi de trobada d’Hipòlit amb l’Emperadriu de Constantinoble al Tirant lo Blanc (caps. 248-264) des de diferents punts de vista, en especial la comparació amb les imatges medievals d’Anunciacions. A més d’analitzar amb detall els moments d’aproximació cortesa d’Hipòlit, plens d’equivocs religiosos, s’estudien els precedents clàssics i religiosos del personatge de l’Emperadriu, així com les il·lustracions amb anuncis de concubinats perillosos que presenten els primers llibres de cavalleries manuscrits i impresos, i alguns tractats religiosos i mèdics romànics. Tot seguit, s’analitza el capítol principal de l’episodi (cap. 260) amb la preparació de la cambra i el llit per part de l’Emperadriu. Acció i descripció de l’alcova es relacionen amb el paper decisiu que van haver d’exercir les alcoves pintades en moltes Anunciacions durant els segles xiv i xv, on reïx el llit (thalamus Virginis) pel seu significat mariològic i cristològic. Com que la imatge de l’anunci de Gabriel a Maria, amb el rerefons d’aquest thalamus, va servir també com a model per a imaginar i il·lustrar anuncis o avisos de concepció extraordinària efectuats per esperits, àngels o dimonis, es proposa que Hipòlit i l’Emperadriu pogueren actuar com a contrafigures de l’Anunciació, dins d’un complex joc d’intertextualitats que afectaria episodis sacres i profans d’altres obres de ficció, com ara La Celestina.
La "dedicatoria" de la "Tercera parte del Espejo de príncipes y cavalleros": paratextos, contexto literario y relaciones cortesanas
Authors: Campos García Rojas Axayácatl
Published: January 2023

En este artículo se estudia el contexto cultural, histórico y del mundo de los paratextos literarios a partir de la dedicatoria que Marcos Martínez hizo en el Espejo de príncipes y caballeros (Parte III) al Conde de Melgar. Se planeta que a partir de paratextos de los libros de caballerías es posible configurar un panorama cultural que arroje datos significativos al respecto de la obra misma y su contexto. Se hace hincapié en la necesidad de estudiar también las obras de la literatura del Siglo de Oro hispánico, específicamente los libros de caballerías, a través de la información que proporcionan sus preliminares.
"In hoc signo vinces": la cruz de Cristo en los libros de caballerías
Authors: Sánchez Martínez Juan José
Published: January 2023

En este artículo se analiza la representación de la cruz cristiana en las armas y escudos de los caballeros de ocho libros de caballerías publicados en las primeras décadas del siglo xvi. La finalidad de este estudio es señalar las diferencias en la representación de la religión en estas obras, centrando la atención en el espíritu de cruzada que se proyecta en ellas. Como resultado, se advierten divergencias en el tratamiento de lo religioso entre las obras con un exacerbado sentimiento religioso y aquellas más moderadas. Del mismo modo, el análisis arroja conclusiones acerca de las relaciones entre el Lisuarte de Grecia de Feliciano de Silva y las Sergas de Esplandián.
Apoteosis comparativa: la «angustia de la influencia literaria» en el "Florisando" de Páez de Ribera
Authors: Guerra Félix Aurelio Iván
Published: January 2023

Este artículo analiza la agonal relación de Páez de Ribera con Rodríguez de Montalvo. En Florisando, Páez de Ribera ofrece una continuación del ciclo de Amadís que deberá funcionar, también, como una reescritura del proyecto original de Montalvo. Por yuxtaposición de ambas obras, y gracias al empleo de varias estrategias de lectura malintencionadas del hipotexto, el lector del Florisando reconocerá los terribles desaciertos del Amadís de Montalvo. Páez de Ribera intenta hacer a un lado al padre literario mediante este ejercicio de usurpación y mejora.
(Nie)grzeczność w dyskursie
Authors: Haugh Michael
Published: January 2023

W artykule skoncentrowano się na wkładzie analizy dyskursu do badań nad (nie)grzecznością. Otwierają go szczegółowe rozważania nad tym zjawiskiem. Autor stawia również pytanie o to, co uzasadnia badanie (nie)grzeczności w dyskursie. Przedstawiono ponadto różne podejścia analizy dyskursu stosowane w badaniach nad (nie)grzecznością. W kolejnej części artykułu zostały omówione dwa studia przypadków ilustrujące niektóre z kluczowych wyzwań w analizie (nie)grzeczności w różnych językach lub różnych odmianach tego samego języka. Autor ukazuje, że zmianie teoretycznego ujęcia (nie)grzeczności w ciągu ostatnich dwóch dekad towarzyszyła próba zakotwiczenia analizy (nie)grzeczności w dyskursie. (Nie)grzeczność nie jest zjawiskiem przypisanym do pojedynczych wypowiedzi, a jej dynamiczny charakter powoduje częściowo zmienność jej ocen wśród użytkowników. Należy również systematycznie analizować nie tylko czyje rozumienie (nie)grzeczności podlega badaniu, ale także jakie czynniki warunkują sposoby tego rozumienia.
The relationship between school ethical climate and school effectiveness in Israel 2020
Authors: Shua Keren
Published: January 2023

The current research discusses the ethical aspects that were currently not studied yet in the context of the teacher attrition phenomenon and its impact on school effectiveness, which is measured in this research by promoting achievements basing the assumption that teacher perception of ethical climate might explain teacher attrition behaviors, including leaving teaching (Rosenblatt & Shapira-Lishchinsky, 2017). This research has examined teacher perceptions of school ethical climate through three dimensions found to be relevant in the 21st-century era in the aspects of organizational climate in general and school climate in particular, caring ethical climate, law and code ethical climate, and instrumental ethical climate. For this purpose, quantitative research is based on the pioneer researchers Victor & Cullen’s (1987, 1988) questionnaire and self-report of teachers regarding teacher tendency to leave the teaching profession, and their perception of learner achievement promotion in the context of ethical climate in their school was used. To deepen and expand the understanding of teacher perceptions, qualitative research including in-depth interviews was also performed. The research population consisted of 223 teachers from elementary and junior high schools in Israel. The current research indicates a principal finding that expresses the influence and importance of a caring ethical climate in reducing attrition behaviors and teacher attrition intentions and promoting learner achievements. Moreover, it was found that law and code ethical climate is correlated with promoting student achievements, and therefore integrating these two ethical climate dimensions will be the foundation for a program for new and senior teacher preservation in the education system. The research findings are currently relevant since the education system in Israel faces a severe shortage of teachers due to increased teacher attrition of teaching.
Formulaic Sequences and Discourse Markers in Applied Linguistics Research Papers. A cross-linguistic corpus-based analysis of native and non-native authors published articles
Authors: Assassi Tarek , Merghmi Kenza
Published: January 2023

Metadiscourse markers and their importance to academic writing are essential research subjects nowadays. The current corpus-based study aims at identifying interactional and interactive metadiscourse markers in terms of frequency and function in the abstract section of published research articles in applied linguistics developed by Algerian, Saudi, and Native researchers. 20 research articles for each group, with a total of 60 articles have been randomly selected and compiled as the research corpus for this study, then analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using AntConc.3.2.4 relying on Hyland’s classification of metadiscourse markers. As a comparative study, the research considered the abstracts written by natives as a benchmark and attempted to find an answer to the main inquiry related to the frequency of use of metadiscourse devices by Algerian and Saudi researchers in comparison to their Native counterparts. The main research results showed how close were Algerian abstracts to native ones in terms of using endophorics, frame markers, code glosses, hedges, attitude markers, and self-mentions. While Saudi abstracts were close to the benchmark only in two markers that are transitions and engagement markers. The rest of the devices were shown to be far from the native norm in both cases. The findings also revealed that the use of metadiscourse markers is not the only indicator of papers publication rate in indexed journals by comparing the corpus analysis results to the source of the articles (journals), to find that even if Algerian researchers publish less in high indexed journals in comparison to Saudis, they are still closer in using markers to the natives as a benchmark.
Dynamically adjustable directional acoustic radiation based on non-uniform cylindrical labyrinth structure
Authors: Liu Yun-Peng , Li Yi-Feng , Lan Jun ,   College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China,   Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, Ministry of Education, Institute of Acoustics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
Published: January 2023

In this work, a cylindrical four-channel non-uniform labyrinth structure is constructed. The ring shaped metamaterial designed by using the rotational anisotropy of the structure can control sound wave and achieve dynamically adjustable directional sound radiation. The cylindrical non-uniform labyrinth structure comprised of four channels has dipole resonance characteristic. At the dipole resonance frequency, sound waves can radiate from the openings of two sector channels that occupy a large proportion. At this time, the cylindrical non-uniform labyrinth structure can be approximately regarded as a dipole sound source. For the cylindrical uniform labyrinth structure, the sound transmission property will not change as it rotates around its center. However, when the cylindrical non-uniform labyrinth structure rotates around its own center, the position of the dipole sound source and the direction of the radiated sound wave also change. Placing a point sound source in the center of the circular metamaterial composed of 18 non-uniform labyrinth structures, and adjusting the rotation angle of the circular non-uniform labyrinth structure so that each structure lies in the conductive or cut-off state, the propagation of the point sound source in all directions can be controlled. The propagation characteristics of these structures are utilized to achieve dynamically adjustable directional sound radiation. In addition, the influence of the rotation angle of the cylindrical non-uniform labyrinth structure on the transmitted sound wave is studied, and the switching effect of the non-uniform cylindrical labyrinth structure in the constructed sound source system is explored, which provides a new idea for constructing simple directional radiation acoustic equipment.
Radiation of extreme ultraviolet source and out-of-band from laser-irradiated low-density SnO2 target
Authors: Si Ming-Qi , Wen Zhi-Lin , Zhang Qi-Jin , Dou Yin-Ping , Li Bo-Chao , Song Xiao-Wei , Xie Zhuo , Lin Jing-Quan ,   School of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China,   Chongqing Research Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
Published: January 2023

The extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography technology required for high-end chip manufacturing is the first of 35 “bottleneck” key technologies that China is facing currently. The high conversion efficiency EUV source and low out-of-band radiation play a significant role in the application of the EUV lithography system. In this work, the EUV source and out-of-band radiation are studied by using laser irradiated solid Sn target and low-density SnO2 target. The result shows that a strong EUV radiation at a wavelength of 13.5 nm is generated when the laser irradiates the two forms of Sn targets. Owing to the self-absorption effect of the solid Sn target plasma, the maximum intensity of the wavelength is not located at the position of 13.5 nm, which is working wavelength of EUV lithography system. However, the peak radiation spectrum is located at the position of 13.5 nm with low-density SnO2 target due to its weaker plasma self-absorption effect. In addition, the satellite lines are weaker in low-density SnO2 target than in the solid Sn target, so that the spectrum efficiency of the EUV at 13.5 nm (2% bandwidth) is increased by about 20%. On the other hand, the experimental study of the out-of-band radiation is carried out. The out-of-band radiation spectral results show that the out-of-band radiation is mainly dominated by the continuum spectrum. Compared with the solid Sn target, the low-density SnO2 target contains a part of the low Z element O (Z = 8), resulting in a low-intensity continuum spectrum. In addition, the collision probability of ion-ion and electron-ion both become low when the laser irradiates the low-density SnO2 target, resulting in a short out-of-band radiation duration time. Therefore, the out-of-band radiation generated by the laser irradiated on the low-density SnO2 target is weak based on the above reasons. The angular distribution of out-of-band radiation measurement results shows that the intensity of out-of-band radiation decreases with the angle increasing. A cosine function \begin{document}$A \cos ^\alpha \theta$\end{document} can fit the angular distribution of the total radiation.
A novel fold for acyltransferase-3 (AT3) proteins provides a framework for transmembrane acyl-group transfer
Authors: Newman Kahlan E , Tindall Sarah N , Mader Sophie L , Khalid Syma , Thomas Gavin H , Van Der Woude Marjan W
Published: January 2023

Acylation of diverse carbohydrates occurs across all domains of life and can be catalysed by proteins with a membrane bound acyltransferase-3 (AT3) domain (PF01757). In bacteria, these proteins are essential in processes including symbiosis, resistance to viruses and antimicrobials, and biosynthesis of antibiotics, yet their structure and mechanism are largely unknown. In this study, evolutionary co-variance analysis was used to build a computational model of the structure of a bacterial O-antigen modifying acetyltransferase, OafB. The resulting structure exhibited a novel fold for the AT3 domain, which molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated is stable in the membrane. The AT3 domain contains 10 transmembrane helices arranged to form a large cytoplasmic cavity lined by residues known to be essential for function. Further molecular dynamics simulations support a model where the acyl-coA donor spans the membrane through accessing a pore created by movement of an important loop capping the inner cavity, enabling OafB to present the acetyl group close to the likely catalytic resides on the extracytoplasmic surface. Limited but important interactions with the fused SGNH domain in OafB are identified, and modelling suggests this domain is mobile and can both accept acyl-groups from the AT3 and then reach beyond the membrane to reach acceptor substrates. Together this new general model of AT3 function provides a framework for the development of inhibitors that could abrogate critical functions of bacterial pathogens.
Transiently heritable fates and quorum sensing drive early IFN-I response dynamics
Authors: Van Eyndhoven Laura C , Verberne Vincent PG , Bouten Carlijn VC , Singh Abhyudai , Tel Jurjen
Published: January 2023

Type I interferon (IFN-I)-mediated antiviral responses are central to host defense against viral infections. Crucial is the tight and well-orchestrated control of cellular decision-making leading to the production of IFN-Is. Innovative single-cell approaches revealed that the initiation of IFN-I production is limited to only fractions of 1–3% of the total population, both found in vitro, in vivo, and across cell types, which were thought to be stochastically regulated. To challenge this dogma, we addressed the influence of various stochastic and deterministic host-intrinsic factors on dictating early IFN-I responses, using a murine fibroblast reporter model. Epigenetic drugs influenced the percentage of responding cells. Next, with the classical Luria–Delbrück fluctuation test, we provided evidence for transient heritability driving responder fates, which was verified with mathematical modeling. Finally, while studying varying cell densities, we substantiated an important role for cell density in dictating responsiveness, similar to the phenomenon of quorum sensing. Together, this systems immunology approach opens up new avenues to progress the fundamental understanding on cellular decision-making during early IFN-I responses, which can be translated to other (immune) signaling systems.
Models of ultrasonic radiomics and clinical characters for lymph node metastasis assessment in thyroid cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhu Hui , Yu Bing , Li Yanyan , Zhang Yuhua , Jin Juebin , Ai Yao , Jin Xiance , Yang Yan
Published: January 2023

Background

Preoperative prediction of cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma provided a basis for tumor staging and treatment decision. This study aimed to investigate the utility of machine learning and develop different models to preoperatively predict cervical lymph node metastasis based on ultrasonic radiomic features and clinical characteristics in papillary thyroid carcinoma nodules.

Methods

Data from 400 papillary thyroid carcinoma nodules were included and divided into training and validation group. With the help of machine learning, clinical characteristics and ultrasonic radiomic features were extracted and selected using randomforest and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression before classified by five classifiers. Finally, 10 models were built and their area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were measured.

Results

Among the 10 models, RF-RF model revealed the highest area under curve (0.812) and accuracy (0.7542) in validation group. The top 10 variables of it included age, seven textural features, one shape feature and one first-order feature, in which eight were high-dimensional features.

Conclusions

RF-RF model showed the best predictive performance for cervical lymph node metastasis. And the importance features selected by it highlighted the unique role of higher-dimensional statistical methods for radiomics analysis.
Modulation of lower limb muscles and trajectory correction in the bipedal stance during visual perturbation
Authors: Minamisawa Tadayoshi , Chiba Noboru , Suzuki Eizaburo
Published: January 2023

The ability to actively track posture using visual targets as indicators is important for improving impairments in whole-body coordination, and accurate visual feedback on tasks is considered effective in promoting sensory-motor integration and behavioral success. In the present study, we examined inter- and intramuscular modulation between the two lower limbs in response to visual perturbation. Sixteen healthy young subjects (age: 21.3 ± 0.7 years) were asked to move their weight back and forth while tracking a visual target displayed on a monitor in front of them for 30 s. Three types of target movements were examined: a sinusoidal wave (i.e., a predictable pattern), more complex patterns (random), and no movement (stationary). Electromyography (EMG) was used to assess intra- and intermuscular coherence modulation of the plantar flexor muscles (right and left soleus and right and left medial gastrocnemius). The ability to adjust posture to follow the target signal was assessed using a stabilometer. Inter- and intramuscular coherence increased during the visual perturbation task compared to the stationary task. In addition, left-right differences in lower limb modulation were observed during the visual perturbation task. Furthermore, interlimb coherence was related to the motor accuracy of tracking. The muscles of both lower limbs cooperated in response to visual perturbation, suggesting that these muscles control visually induced anteroposterior postural sway. Since such visual perturbations promote coordination between both lower extremities, this relationship may indicate the potential for rehabilitation training to help individuals acquire and improve the motor functions necessary to efficiently and stably perform activities of daily living.
Genome-wide identification of MAXs genes for strigolactones synthesis/signaling in solanaceous plants and analysis of their potential functions in tobacco
Authors: Wang Lixianqiu , Li Bingjie , Dai Changbo , Ding Anming , Wang Weifeng , Shi Haoqi , Cui Mengmeng , Sun Yuhe , Lv Jing
Published: January 2023

The more axillary growth (MAX) gene family is a group of key genes involved in the synthesis and signal transduction of strigolactones (SLs) in plants. Although MAX genes play vital roles in plant growth and development, characterization of the MAX gene family has been limited in solanaceous crops, especially in tobacco. In this study, 74 members of the MAX family were identified in representative Solanaceae crops and classified into four groups. The physicochemical properties, gene structure, conserved protein structural domains, cis-acting elements, and expression patterns could be clearly distinguished between the biosynthetic and signal transduction subfamilies; furthermore, MAX genes in tobacco were found to be actively involved in the regulation of meristem development by responding to hormones. MAX genes involved in SL biosynthesis were more responsive to abiotic stresses than genes involved in SL signaling. Tobacco MAX genes may play an active role in stress resistance. The results of this study provide a basis for future in-depth analysis of the molecular mechanisms of MAX genes in tobacco meristem development and stress resistance.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MEFENAMIC ACID MICROSPHERES BY IONIC GELATION TECHNIQUE
Authors: S Subhashitha , Meharooz Ashitha , . Haseena , Shereen Nasheel , Kumar Ravi
Published: January 2023

The aim of the present investigation is to prepare mefenamic acid microspheres by ionic gelation technique. A total of three formulations were prepared by altering the polymer ratio. The obtained microspheres were evaluated for drug entrapment efficiency, swelling index, and in vitro drug release. Out of three formulation F3 formulation i.e., (1:2) drug: polymer ratio was found to best formulation with high product yield, Drug entrapment efficiency, Swelling index, and in vitro drug release.
Design and Development of a Modernized Cassava Grating Machine
Authors: Nnanna Innocent, , Mbabuike Ikenna, Uchechukwu , Christian Ajah, Uche , Ikechukwu Onwuka, Nnam
Published: January 2023

Aim: To improve the production rate of a grating machine through careful modifications to the design specifications of the existing one. The objective of the study was to develop a modernized cassava grating machine with a high-performance rate and high-quality output at a minimum time and economical cost.

Study Design: The mesh surface area and the selection of proper construction materials were the two significant areas considered for modification. Stainless steel was chosen for fabricating the drum, perforated sheet, hopper, and shaft due to its reliability, durability, and resistance to corrosion.

Place and Duration: Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana, Ebonyi State, Nigeria, between August 2020 and October 2022

Methodology: Detailed design drawings of the machine components were drawn with Solidworks 2019. The machine components were machined and assembled. We used an electric motor of 1hp and 1450rpm to transmit a torque of 4.94Nm that caused rotational motion on the shaft for effective and efficient meshing of the cassava roots.

Results: The performance analysis showed that the large mesh surface area significantly affects the pulp's production rate. The larger the mesh surface, the larger the quantity of cassava roots to mesh into pulp. The production rate of the modified grating machine was found to be 454.55kg/hr. and the time saved while meshing 100kg of cassava roots was 0.05 hours compared to the existing ones. The result showed that the machine has optimal performance and produces the intended quality in a reduced time with an efficiency of 95.12%.

Conclusion: Construction of the machine was carried out with improved design specifications. A careful selection of construction materials helps to achieve the stated objectives. We recommend this machine to all homes for domestic use because of its durability, reliability, affordability, resistance to corrosion, and ability to mesh a large quantity of cassava roots in a reduced time.
Effect of vermicompost soil additive on growth performance, physiological and biochemical responses of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L. var. Firenze) to salt stress
Authors: Akef Bziouech, Samra , Dhen Najla , Helaoui Sondes , Ben Ammar Imen , Al Mohandes Dridi Bouthaina
Published: January 2023

Vermicomposting is increasing used to process food, sewage and other organic wastes through the breakdown by earthworms. Vermicompost addition to soils can improve plant growth through increasing the accessability of nutrients and lowering levels of contaminants found in other compost products. This study examins the effect of vermicompost on salinity tolerance in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicumL., var. Firenze) via greenhouse pot experiments. Plants were grown on 4 substrates designated by letter identifiers: A control, “T” with 100% organic soil; a vermicompost treatment “Vc” was 80% organic soil + 20% Vermicompost; a compost treatment “C” was 80% organic soil + 20% Compost; and a mixture treatment “M” was 80% organic soil + 10% Vermicompost+ 10% Compost. The four treatment groups were exposed to 3 NaCl concentrations (0, 50 and 150 mM); the experimenta; design within the greenhouse was complete randomized block. The plants’ response to salinity stress was evaluated through morphological (shoot length, stem diameter, leaves number, root length, shoot and root fresh and dry weight), physiological (Chla, Chlb and Carotenoid) and biochemical (malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT)) parameters. All measured parameters were significantly different between the four soil treatments. Plants grown on Vc substrate showed an improved growth and a better resistance to salinity stress. Analyzed parameters were positively influenced by the contribution of the organic matter (Vermicompost, compost and a mixture of the two) which plays a role in the slow, consistent release of mineral elements and provides soluble nutrients to reduce abiotic stresses. In conclusion, vermicompost could be a relevant method for reducing salt stress on tomato plants growth, addressing the challenges of growing food crops in drier, more saline contaminated envvironments.
The development of instruments for farmers’ participation in water management in tidal lowlands using confirmatory factor analysis
Authors: Tafarini Meitry Firdha , Yazid Muhammad , Suryadi F.X. , Prayitno Bambang , Faizal Muhammad , Khairul Fahmi Purba Khairul
Published: January 2023

Water user associations or farmer groups carry out water management on tidal land. In its management, the participation of farmers in the group is necessary. This study aimed to examine the indicators of participation that positively affect the sustainability of tidal agriculture. The variables used in this study are participation (5 indicators), leadership (5 indicators), attitude & understanding (4 indicators), and utilization & maintenance (4 indicators). The research locations were in the tidal area of Telang Karya and Telang Rejo Village. The number of samples in this study was 245 farmers. This study used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) by building the model of first-order CFA and second-order CFA. Evaluation of the model was done by looking at the Goodness of Fit Indexes, namely chi-square (χ2), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), CFI, TLI, GFI, and AGFI.

The research results on the second-order CFA resulted in a value of R2 = 137.414, and the model was a good fit. The results of the indicators analysis used were significant to be applied in tidal lowlands agriculture.