bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marginalisasi Ideologi Tri Hita Karana Pada Media Promosi Pariwisata Budaya Di Bali
Authors: Udayana Anak Agung Gde Bagus
Published: August 2018

Pariwisata budaya yang dikembangkan di Bali diatur dalam Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Bali Nomor 2, Tahun 2012 tentang Kepariwisataan Budaya Bali yang menekankan pentingnya tri hita karana dalam pengembangan pariwisata di Bali. Oleh karena itu, idealnya segala aktivitas Â pengembangan pariwisata budaya di Bali, termasuk promosi pariwisata benar-benar menunjukkan aplikasi falsafah tri hita karana. Tujuan jangka panjang penelitian ini, terwujudnya media promosi pariwisata budaya Bali yang benar-benar mengimplementasi ideologi tri hita karana. Terkait dengan tujuan ini, target khusus yang hendak dicapai adalah upaya penggambaran marginalisasi ideologi tri hita karana dalam media promosi pariwisata budaya Bali. Â Metode yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan dan target tersebut, berupa wawancara mendalam dan pengamatan serta penggunaan dokumen. Wawancara dilakukan dengan pihak terkait, seperti Dinas Pariwisata Provinsi Bali, Dinas Pariwisata Kota Denpasar, Kabupaten Badung, Tabanan, dan Gianyar, Â serta perusahaan di bidang pariwisata maupun di bidang disain grafis di Bali. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap billboard yang terkait dengan pariwisata serta dokumen berupa foto, brosur, leaflet, dan iklan tabloid yang mempromosikan pariwisata dan diproduksi oleh para pihat terkait tersebut di atas. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan Based on the result of analysis bahwa yang memarginalkan ideologi tri hita karana pada media promosi pariwisata budaya di Bali adalah ideologi kapitalisme dan ideologi dualisme kultural. Hal ini terjadi karena pembuatan media promosi pariwisata pada dasarnya bertujuan untuk meningkatkan jumlah wisatawan yang mengunjungi objek yang dipromosikan. Tentu saja tujuan itu berujung pada peningkatan perolehan keuntungan atau uang. Implikasi utama media promosi pariwisata budaya Bali yang ideologi tri hita karana-nya termarginalkan pada citra Bali sebagai daerah pariwisata adalah bahwa Bali tercitrakan sebagai daerah budaya pariwisata dan bukan pariwisata budaya.
UGII – University Gender Inequality Index. A proposal from the University of Bologna
Authors: Mignoli Gian Piero , Siboni Benedetta , Rignanese Pasqua , Valentini Camilla , Toschi Tullia Gallina
Published: August 2018

While universities have been considered gender neutral, being organisations in which merit should prevail, several reports denounce the under-representation of women worldwide. According to the European Union this current under-representation results in a waste of female talent and, thus, prevents the achievement of the European Research Area’s objective of Excellence in Research.Several gender indexes have been proposed to measure “gender equality” in countries, while only one addresses university. However, it primarily focuses on academics, thus neglecting non-academic staff and students.This paper aims to propose a new index formulated to measure and rank “gender inequality” at universities: the University Gender Inequality Index (UGII). This index results from the determination of 9 domains and 25 aspects measured by 25 indicators, considering academic staff, technical-administrative staff and students. Domains include both endogenous and exogenous aspects, but UGII builds on endogenous ones that universities can directly influence. All indicators come from existing databases, thus assuring its replicability over different universities as well as its sustainability.Using index numbers, UGII measures the distance between the situation of gender inequality performed by the university and the maximum level of inequality that can be recorded with regard to each domain. This gives the “real” situation of domains with male or female advantage, thus indicating directions in which to intervene to university governing bodies. Finally, synthesising index numbers calculated with reference to each domains, UGII gives a final score of the overall situation of gender inequality at the university, allowing comparisons among different time horizons and with other universities.This paper illustrates the methodology to calculate the UGII and its application with regards to the University of Bologna, and tests it for significance and completeness.
National sex work policy and HIV prevalence among sex workers: an ecological regression analysis of 27 European countries
Authors: Reeves Aaron , Steele Sarah , Stuckler David , Mckee Martin , Amato-Gauci Andrew , Semenza Jan C.
Published: August 2018

BackgroundSex workers are disproportionately affected by HIV compared with the general population. Most studies of HIV risk among sex workers have focused on individual-level risk factors, with few studies assessing potential structural determinants of HIV risk. In this Article, we examine whether criminal laws around sex work are associated with HIV prevalence among female sex workers.MethodWe estimate cross-sectional, ecological regression models with data from 27 European countries on HIV prevalence among sex workers from the European Centre for Disease Control; sex-work legislation from the US State Department's Country Reports on Human Rights Practices and country-specific legal documents; the rule of law and gross-domestic product per capita, adjusted for purchasing power, from the World Bank; and the prevalence of injecting drug use among sex workers. Although data from two countries include male sex workers, the numbers are so small that the findings here essentially pertain to prevalence in female sex workers.FindingsCountries that have legalised some aspects of sex work (n=17) have significantly lower HIV prevalence among sex workers than countries that criminalise all aspects of sex work (n=10; β=–2·09, 95% CI −0·80 to −3·37; p=0·003), even after controlling for the level of economic development (β=–1·86; p=0·038) and the proportion of sex workers who are injecting drug users (−1·93; p=0·026). We found that the relation between sex work policy and HIV among sex workers might be partly moderated by the effectiveness and fairness of enforcement, suggesting legalisation of some aspects of sex work could reduce HIV among sex workers to the greatest extent in countries where enforcement is fair and effective.InterpretationOur findings suggest that the legalisation of some aspects of sex work might help reduce HIV prevalence in this high-risk group, particularly in countries where the judiciary is effective and fair.
Usporedba točnosti procjene strukturnih elemenata sastojina fotogrametrijskom izmjerom aerosnimaka različitih prostornih rezolucija
Authors: Balenović Ivan , Seletković Ante , Pernar Renata
Published: August 2018

U radu je istražena mogućnost primjene digitalnih aerosnimaka visokih prostornih rezolucija za procjenu glavnih strukturnih elemenata sastojina (srednji sastojinski promjer i visina, broj stabala, temeljnica i volumen). Za dio gospodarske jedinice ‘Donja Kupčina – Pisarovina’ (14 odsjeka) na sistematskom uzorku ploha provedena je manualna (klasična/analogna) stereo fotogrametrijska izmjera na aerosnimkama GSD 30 cm i 10 cm (GSD – eng. Ground Sample Distance). Svakom stablu na plohi određena (interpretirana) je vrsta drveća, izmjerena visina i delineirana krošnja, na temelju čega su procijenjeni glavni strukturni elementi sastojina. Kako bi se utvrdila točnost fotogrametrijski procijenjenih strukturnih elemenata sastojina provedena je usporedba s podacima terenske izmjere. Rezultati provedenog istraživanja potvrdili su velik potencijal primjene digitalnih aerosnimaka visokih prostornih rezolucija u stereomodelu pri inventuri šuma. Usporedbom rezultata fotogrametrijske izmjere na digitalnim aerosnimkama GSD 30 cm i GSD 10 cm s rezultatima terenske izmjere utvrđeno je da aerosnimke GSD 30 cm pružaju mogućnost procjene srednjih sastojinskih visina, sastojinske temeljnice i volumena s gotovo jednakom točnošću kao i aerosnimke GSD 10 cm. Međutim, pogreške procijene srednjeg sastojinskog promjera i broja stabala bile su gotovo dvostruko veće na aerosnimkama GSD 30 cm nego na aerosnimkama GSD 10 cm. Stoga se može zaključiti kako aerosnimke GSD 10 cm sveukupno daju bolje rezultate procjene strukturnih elemenata sastojina, jer prikazuje strukturu sastojine bliže stvarnoj.
Spatial analyses of landcover and relief diversity of the Medvednica nature park – possible implications for optimising visitor pressure
Authors: Malić-Limari Snježana , Jelaska Sven D. , Pisarović Anamarija , Tišma Sanja
Published: August 2018

The Nature Park Medvednica, which is V protection category, according to the IUCN categorization implies recreation beside landscape preservation management in terms of natural protection, tourism and recreation, as well as scientific research, biodiversity preservation, education and sustainable exploitation of natural resources. The forests represent basic value of this area and condition its purpose and management. It has been determined that habitat diversity indices vary dependently on data spatial resolution. The habitat map M 1:25,000 showed to be the most appropriate (compared to 1:50,000 and 1:100,000 scales) for the analyses of the Park’s management and for certain areas the data of higher spatial resolution would be desirable. Data on plant diversity, and previously calculated landforms diversity per MTB 1/64 grid units were used as well. When identifying the tourist and visiting areas of the Park it is necessary to include biodiversity value of the area in order to sustainably manage among nature and cultural protection and tourist exploitation. The GIS usage in nature protection management is justifiable and very efficient, enabling the generation and collection of multidisciplinary data as well as spatial model projection obtained using these data, helping in prompt decision making, saving time and resources.
Criteria for determining primary forest traffic infrastructure network density – examples of the most common cases
Authors: Poršinsky Tomislav , Đuka Andreja , Pentek Tibor , Tomašić Željko , Janeš David , Bumber Zoran , Papa Ivica
Published: August 2018

In any planning, so even when planning the network of forest roads, it is an imperative to know the existing situation, and to have a detailed and accurate insight into the existing forest road network of the forest area in the process of opening, usually enabled by the forest traffic infrastructure registry. To validate the quantity of the existing forest traffic infrastructure (road density), it is necessary to precisely and unambiguously define the criteria for determining the density of existing forest traffic infrastructure.
In Croatian forestry, the currently valid criteria for determining the density of primary forest traffic infrastructure are defined by the »Technical Requirements for Economic Roads« (Šikić et al. 1989), which are summarised in the Forestry Management Regulations (NN 111/06, NN 141/08) and (NN 79/15). The criteria mentioned are insufficiently precise and unclear, which leaves the forestry experts to make a series of subjective decisions in calculating the density of primary forest traffic infrastructure.
To avoid/reduce any subjectivity, to obtain objective data and to make comparability of the calculated primary traffic infrastructure density of different management units, a set of completely criteria have been developed that will serve to accurately, objectively and transparently determine primary forest traffic infrastructure density. The criteria have been developed and described in detail in the Form for the Effectiveness Study of Primary Forest Road Traffic Infrastructure, an integral part of the Bylaw on measure implementation M04 »Investments in physical assets«, by-measure 4.3 »Grant for investments in development, modernization and customization of agriculture and forestry«, operation type 4.3.3. »Investments in forest infrastructure« from the Program of Rural Development in the Republic of Croatia in the period from 2014 to 2020 (NN 106/15, 65/17).
The most frequent/characteristical examples of the application of criteria in determining the primary forest traffic infrastructure density are presented in the paper based on orthophoto maps together with photographs (image part of the primary forest traffic infrastructure registry from case studies).
Development of an ensemble classifier with data from description sheets to classify forest stands in site qualities
Authors: Kitikidou Kyriaki , Milios Elias , Palavouzi Panagiota
Published: August 2018

Aim of study: In this work, we tested the technique of combining the predictions of classifiers for the development of a single, ensemble classifier, in order to classify forest stands in site qualities. Area of study: We used data of the forest stands of Dadia – Lefkimi – Soufli forest (north-eastern Greece). Materials and methods: The variables that we used as input were the altitude, slope, age and canopy density. For the ensemble classifier development we applied the boosting algorithm. Main results: The canopy density was the most important predictor; topography which replaced altitudes and slopes was the second important predictor, while the developed ensemble classifier gave a percentage of correct classification up to 98.59% (for the worst site quality). Research essentials: If we consider that the initial site classification comprised over 70% of the Dadia-Lefkimi –Soufli forest area in the worst site quality, then the usage of boosting method for creating a collective classifier for site qualities in the studied forest can be characterized as fully successful. The application of this method using these input parameters do not need background information regarding the tree age and (or) other difficult to access information. Moreover, in a quite high degree, this site classification is not influenced by disturbances. The boosting method for creating a collective classifier for site qualities obviously will give far more accurate classifications of site productivity, if a more sophisticated scheme of data collection is used.
Značajke borove imele (Viscum album subsp. austriacum (Wiesb.) Vollmann (1914)) na crnom boru u Bosni i Hercegovini
Authors: Mujezinović Osman , Zahirović Kenan , Mujčinović Ahmed , Dautbašić Mirza
Published: August 2018

U okviru istraživanja analizirane se karakteristike grmova imele, a domaćin na kojemu je istraživana prisutnost imele i njene osnovne karakteristike je crni bor (Pinus nigra). Na borovima se javlja posebna podvrsta bijele imele, borova imela Viscum album subsp. austriacum. Lokacija istraživanja je koncentrirana na borove kulture u mjestu Ovčari, nedaleko od Konjica. Imela na boru smatra se jednim od glavnih predisponirajućih čimbenika za njihovo sušenje. Uzorak istraživanja je sačinjavao 120 stabala crnoga bora koja su odabrana za analizu. Stabla su odabrana, tako da se obuhvati što više različitih ekspozicija na terenu. Na ukupno 20% stabala crnog bora ustanovljena je prisutnost borove imele.
Novi način obračuna kritičnog broja jajnih legala gubara (Lymantria dispar L.) u svrhu bolje prognoze populacije
Authors: Pernek Milan
Published: August 2018

Gubar (Lymantria dispar) je kao štetnik hrastovih šuma u Hrvatskoj dominirao do 60-tih godina prošloga stoljeća, otkada su njegove populacije u kontinentalnom dijelu u blagom opadanju, sa cikličkim gradacijama svakih 10-11 godina. Zadnje dvije gradacije zabilježene su 2003-2005 i 2013-2014 godine. U radu se opisuje nov način obračuna kritičnog broja jajnih legala gubara, kojim se procjenjuje rizik golobrsta ključan u praktičnom šumarstvu za donošenje odluke o suzbijanju. Nov način obračuna iskazuje kritične brojeve kao broj jajnih legala po hektaru, za razliku od dosadašnjeg koji se temeljio na broju stabala na kojemu se nalazi barem jajno leglo i prikazivao se kao postotak zaraze. Postotak zaraze dijelio je rizik golobrsta u pet klasa, pri čemu je kritična Klasa 5 predstavljala zaraženost više od 50% stabala. Dosadašnjim obračunom nije se uzimala u obzir starost stabla, iako je ona povezana s veličinom krošnje, odnosno količinom lišća. Nadalje nije uziman u obzir broj jaja u jajnom leglu. Nov obračun bazira se na broju gusjenica koje imaju potencijal obrstiti stablo hrasta određene starosti dobiven iz podataka iz literature. Preračunavanjem tih ulaznih podataka korištenjem prosječnog broja jaja u jednom jajnom leglu gubara, koji je dobiven iz 50 uzoraka jajnih legala, te normale koja definira broj stabla hrasta lužnjaka po hektaru, dobivena je formula koji izračunava kritični broj jajnih legala gubara po hektaru. Na osnovi tih rezultata formirane su tri 3 kategorije rizika temeljene na broju gusjenica koji obrste stablo određene starosti. Svaka od njih različito definira potrebu za suzbijanje gubara: Kategorija I- treba tretirati, Kategorija II- iznimno tretirati uz specifičan razlog i Kategorija III ne treba tretirati. Kritična Kategorija I uspoređena je s Klasom 5, odnosno Kategorija II s Klasom IV na podacima iz gradacije 2004. i 2013. godine. Rezultati ukazuju kako je primjenom novog obračuna trošak suzbijanja smanjen za 25%. Uz evidentne prednosti ipak su i u novom obračunu uočene slabosti vezane uz nepoznavanje nekoliko važnih varijabli: stvarni broj stabala po hektaru i stvarni broj intaktnih gusjenica koji se dobiva oduzimanjem parazitiranih i sterilnih jaja od prosječnog broja jaja u leglu. Još jedna slabo poznata varijabla prosječna količina lišća koju jedna gusjenica može obrstiti te količinu lišća u krošnji hrastova određene starosti koju treba u budućim istraživanjima kvalitetnije definirati.
Prvi nalaz hrastove mrežaste stjenice (Corythucha arcuata) u Bosni i Hercegovini
Authors: Dautbašić Mirza , Margaletić Josip , Mujezinović Osman , Zahirović Kenan
Published: August 2018

U ovome radu opisan je prvi nalaz hrastove mrežaste stjenice (Corythuca arcuata) na području centralne Bosne, na dva lokaliteta. Kako je ovo prvi nalaz ove vrste na području Bosne i Hercegovine, potrebna su dodatna istraživanja biologije i štetnosti ovog insekta. Budući da je ovo strana i potencijalno invazivna vrsta, može se očekivati njeno širenje po teritoriji čitave Bosne i Hercegovine.
Docencia y creatividad.
Authors: Hojman Sergio A.
Published: August 2018

Ideas to modify some aspects of the current approach to teaching in Chilean universities are presented. The proposal is based on the author's personal experience teaching Physics and Mathematics in both undergraduate and graduate courses to Physics, Engineering, Journalism, and Elementary Education students, in different universities both in Chile and abroad.
Breve historia y sentido de la extensión universitaria.
Authors: Donoso Patricio
Published: August 2018

Although extramural activities are one oJ the fundamental tasks carried out by universities, they have received very  little attention compared to other university duties, such as research and teaching.
This lack of concern for the subject has translated into multiple different views and opinions on the meaning, the scope and the importance of extramural activities, which many people with dissemination. Others do not make a distinction between academic extramural activities, continuing education or cultural and artistic extension. Some people view activities carried out by university services as extramural activities while others do not. OnIy a few acknowledge extramural activities not only as a tool and a platform to project university thinking and creation but also as a space and a possibility for contact with the needs and requirements of society.
Therefore, extramural activities carried out by universities are viewed by some as a supplementary function while others consider it to be a primordial duty in the actions implemented by a university. The purpose of this article is to provide a first approach to the subject of extramural activities implemented by universities, based primarily on a review of historical elements and an analysis in light oJ the author experience in this matter
La evaluación en la universidad española.
Authors: Trinidad Requena Antonio
Published: August 2018

La institucionalización de la evaluación en las universidades españolas se inicia con la elaboración del Plan Nacional de Evaluación de las Universidades, aprobado por el Consejo de Universidades mediante Real Decreto del primero de diciembre de 1995. Los objetivos con que nace este plan son bastante explícitos: por un lado, se intenta racionalizar la inversión que realiza el Estado en la educación superior, promoviendo una evaluación institucional en todas las universidades, para así garantizar una mayor eficacia y eficiencia en la utilización de los recursos. Por otro lado, se quiere que la Universidad española incorpore cánones, metodologías y programas formativos similares a los que se están desarrollando para mejorar la calidad educativa tanto en la Unión Europea como en otros países.
Estimaciones sobre la "repitencia" y deserción en la educación superior chilena. Consideraciones sobre sus implicaciones.
Authors: González Luis Eduardo , Uribe Daniel
Published: August 2018

En Chile no existen líneas de investigación que se hagan cargo de los problemas de deserción y atraso en educación superior. Más aún, no se conocen investigaciones que aborden el tema como un problema que acarrea costos económicos y sociales que actores como el Estado, las personas y las instituciones pagan. A través del uso de indicadores muy sencillos y agregados, en gran parte debido a la ausencia de información sistematizada en el sistema, se pretende dimensionar el problema en este artículo, y responder algunas preguntas como cuánto le cuesta al sistema “producir” un profesional y qué proporción de quienes entran a estudiar una carrera superior la termina.Los temas aquí tratados tienen directa relación con los sistemas de selección, los modelos de docencia y los canales de información con que los postulantes cuentan a la hora de decidir qué estudiar. La investigación internacional señala que estos son los factores más determinantes de la deserción.
Modelo de análisis de la deserción estudiantil en la educación superior.
Authors: Himmel Erika
Published: August 2018

Este artículo aborda el tema de la deserción y retención de estudiantes en la educación superior desde una perspectiva conceptual. Se analizan las distinciones que son posibles de efectuar con respecto a estos términos, con el propósito de proponer la adopción de definiciones que puedan ser interpretadas con una connotación unívoca en los estudios acerca del tema. Además, se incluye una síntesis de diversos enfoques teóricos que han sido empleados en la investigación sobre la deserción durante los últimos 25 años. Estos modelos fueron desarrollados enfatizando factores psicológicos, económicos, sociológicos, organizacionales o aspectos de las interacciones entre el estudiante y la institución. Dichos factores resultan predictivos del abandono y la persistencia estudiantil. Las aproximaciones más recientes sobre la deserción han evolucionado hacia una aproximación más abarcadora, que integra variables pertenecientes a diferentes ámbitos, y que son susceptibles de ser modificadas por las instituciones para reducir la deserción.
Reforma del pregrado y formación básica en la Universidad de Chile.
Authors: Oyarzún Pablo
Published: August 2018

En el marco de la reforma de los estudios de pregrado que la Universidad de Chile ha emprendido desde el año 2000, se han definido tres líneas formativas fundamentales: general, básica y especializada. Durante el año 2001 una comisión elaboró una propuesta referida a la segunda línea, que inserta las iniciativas existentes en un plan de integración compuesto por ocho áreas del conocimiento, la definición de diversos tipos de asignaturas y un conjunto de principios articuladores y de criterios metodológicos. El presente artículo reproduce algunos de los rasgos más indicativos de la propuesta. En cuanto a las innovaciones que ésta incluye, muchas de ellas se nutren de la experiencia acumulada en el Programa de Formación General que actualmente se desarrolla en la Universidad (véase en este mismo número el artículo pertinente) y otras, de las iniciativas locales que se han desarrollado en nuestra institución durante la última década, entre las cuales cabe mencionar el Programa de Bachillerato y el Plan Común de la Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas.
Los apoyos estudiantiles al servicio de la formación integral en la Universidad de Chile
Authors: Oyarce Marcia , Páez Iván J.
Published: August 2018

The article briefly describes three areas of action intending to aid the integral development of students at the Universidad de Chile. The challenge is to end up with a population of students noted for academic excellence, without any socio-economic discrimination. One of these areas is Student Welfare, which is the unit responsible for preparing programs to assist students who lack the necessary financial resources and provide them with psychosocial care. The second area is the Medical and Dental Health Care Service, which aims to provide integral healthcare. The third area consists of support for extracurricular activities which intends to help promote actions that seek to improve students' projects by providing direct advisory services to the students.
La Transición de la educación media a la educación superior.
Authors: Montes Hugo
Published: August 2018

El tema es abordado desde tres ángulos diferentes a la vez que complementarios, a saber, el psicológico, el de la orientación vocacional y el de la preparación intelectual.En el primero se hace notar la desazón con que los jóvenes dejan la enseñanza media, en la cual de ordinario recibieron protección y calor humano, y dan el paso a instituciones mayores que les son desconocidas y relativamente ajenas. Luego se señala la general desorientación vocacional con que muchos alumnos egresan de la educación media y, en fin, los riesgos de una enseñanza enciclopedista y recargada de contenidos que en parte explica la anterior desorientación e impide la formación adecuada de la mente y de la persona misma del educando.En todos los planos se sugieren algunas medidas, tanto para la media cuanto para los planteles de educación superior, que podrían si no remediar del todo, al menos paliar las deficiencias y riesgos indicados.
Los estudios de posgrado en ciencias sociales en Chile: algunas consideraciones críticas.
Authors: Larraín Jorge
Published: August 2018

This article contains a critical analysis of some aspects of the postgraduate teaching of Social Sciences in Chile, especially their excessive length and extreme reliance on courses. The analysis is based on a comparative approach contrasting the British system and the Chilean one . While in Britain the taught master is an intermediate step between the first degree and the doctorate, master's degrees in Chile tend to repeat the strategy of first degrees. It is argued that masters should emphasize seminars as a learning method in order to favor individual reading, presentation of papers and essays and, ultimately, to develop critical qualities and independence of mind on the part of students. All these skills are indispensable, be it for developing research later on, be it for pursuing a professional life with better tools.
Estudios de posgrado en ingeniería.
Authors: Aguirre Carlos
Published: August 2018

This paper analyzes post-graduate studies in engineering in Chile and proposes some ideas on how to orient such studies in future. The proposals are based on the hypothesis that engineering is a profession meant to search for solutions to society's major problems, a task that calls for a creative and innovative approach based on theoretical knowledge.
To carry out this mission, engineering and its postgraduate programs need to develop several aspects which currently lack the necessary space. These include achieving a harmonious balance between science and the profession, encouraging creativity among the students and moving toward a multidisciplinary approach, exchanging contributions with other areas of human knowledge with a view to improving the human environment, and the like.
La educación superior chilena y los desafíos de la globalización
Authors: Lavados Jaime
Published: August 2018

Are we prepared, both mentally and culturally, to get involved in the convergence, mantaining higher education's quality? In what manner does Chile get a benefit out of some academic and technical activities and agreements that should help us to improve, and not to deteriorate, the quality of the educational variety?
This report intends to answer these questions emphasizing that these interchanges, a result of the rising globalization, whose possiblities have greatly grown, must seek to be according with our own interests, must serve to solve our difficulties, diminish our shortages, raise our educational status and increase our cultural development.
Sistema educacional de Carabineros de Chile
Authors: Carabineros de Chile Dirección de Educación
Published: August 2018

This study unfolds, in broad strokes, the mission and structure of the educational system of the Carabineros de Chile. It points out its involvement in the higher education's national system, describes the pillars that mantain its educational task, represented finally in the purpose of "learning to be". It also shows the schools where the students may continue their training and specialization.
Instituto Profesional Santo Tomás, obtención de la autonomía: una experiencia concreta
Authors: De la Jara Fernando
Published: August 2018

This paper communicates some considerations and observations on what was involved in the process of obtaining full autonomous status for the Instituto Profesional Santo Tomás. Its independent status was granted by the Higher Education Council (CSE), based on the provisions established by the Constitutional Organic Law on Education (LOCE). These considerations are drafted on a long-term perspective and are not aimed at specific aspects or details. Rather, they are aimed at the process of verification as a general exercise. The authors felt it was important to share these difficulties and the input contributed æinstitutionallyæ during the verification procedure, as well as the achievements and the process that this experience involved for the Institute.
Acreditación institucional en la Universidad de la Frontera. Desafíos desde la experiencia.
Authors: Bravo Sergio
Published: August 2018

The Universidad de La Frontera (UFRO) completed the stage of institutional self-assessment as part of its search for accreditation with the National Commission for Undergraduate Accreditation (CNAP). This instance was an occasion for the University to reflect critically not only on its quality regulation processes but also to undertake to open up new possibilities of institutional development. In this perspective, this paper is divided into three sections: a retrospective analysis that describes the increasing degrees of complexity of the UFRO since the time it was established; an analysis of the experience that -in broad analytical categories- shows the outcome of institutional self-assessment; and the view for the future, an analysis of prospects for designing new opportunities for new development policies and strategies that -in a framework of broad academic involvement- will allow the UFRO to achieve a significant position in the context of Chile's higher education system.
Ejes para la elaboración de una política para la educación superior.
Authors: Leiva Alicia
Published: August 2018

This document is based on the following premise: higher education is essential for the country's development. The introduction therefore reviews the policies adopted as of the mid 1990s to date that form the framework for future progress. The paper then goes on to address the issues on which the authors intend to focus the discussion to design a higher education policy for the next administration. Questions are proponed for each subject with regard to which policy guidelines should be defined: the massive spread of higher education as a result -on the one hand- of the huge increase in coverage of secondary education in recent decades and -on the other- the response in the supply of higher education institutions; the amount and distribution of state contributions, the way the system is regulated, and problems regarding quality. Lastly, the paper addresses the need to modernize universities that are part of the Council of University Presidents in four areas: institutional framework, management, curriculum and financing models.
Salud mental y características de personalidad de los estudiantes universitarios en Chile.
Authors: Florenzano Ramón
Published: August 2018

Los problemas emocionales y las características de personalidad de los adolescentes y jóvenes estudiantes deben tomarse en cuenta para planear servicios de apoyo a su salud mental y para evitar conductas de riesgo que pueden llevar a deserción y bajo rendimiento académico. En este artículo se revisa el número creciente de estudiantes en el sistema educacional terciario en Chile, desde el punto de vista del capital humano. Se muestra cómo los problemas mentales aumentan en la población universitaria más vulnerable, tanto desde una perspectiva socioeconómica como de disfuncionalidad familiar. Se describen características de personalidad de estudiantes universitarios de acuerdo con los tipos psicológicos de Myers-Briggs, encontrándose datos concordantes con la literatura internacional. Se concluye que es importante la organización de un sistema de salud mental en las universidades, dado el significativo número de estudiantes en riesgo de presentar alteraciones emocionales durante su paso por la universidad.
La voz de los usuarios, reclamos contra las instituciones de educación superior
Authors: Dooner Cecilia , Guevara Mario , Lagos Felipe , Mena Paula
Published: August 2018

This article discusses an exploratory study that characterizes users' complaints against universities, professional institutes (IP), and technical training centers (CFT), channeled through the consulting systems of organizations related to the higher education system or to the supervision of the delivery of such services. The aim is to identify the type of institutions against which complaints are made, the public agency chosen to express the complaint, the issue that causes the trouble, and the academic period during which the problem originated. Conclusions on which conflicts are cross conflicts, and which tend to become more visible regarding certain type of institutions, or through a certain type of public consulting body, are reached.
A propósito de "Calidad en la Educación", revista del Consejo Superior de Educación (CSE)
Authors: Lolas Fernando
Published: August 2018

The article reviews the contribution made by the journal "Calidad en la Educación", published by the Chilean Higher Council for Education (CSE), after its first 25 issues. It analyzes the journal's informational input to the varied and diffuse community working in the field of higher education. According to the author, the journal covers an array ranging from a community dedicated to practices to one that involves knowledge. The journal is thus required to meet a series of challenges to meet the goals established by the Council.
Orientación vocacional y profesional en colegios de bajo nivel socioeconómico: percepciones de orientadores y estudiantes.
Authors: Lagos Felipe , Palacios Fernanda
Published: August 2018

During the first quarter 2007, the Council on Higher Education carried out a research to learn about the appraisal from counselors and students in relation to vocational and professional counseling in schools in areas with high percentage of low income population. The research addressed aspects related to counselors' work and their specific labor conditions: school mission, regulatory context of orientation tasks, specific competencies given to counselors, expectations related to studies continuity, access and use of information about higher education, among others. The study was useful to deepen into the sense of vocational - professional counseling, practical limits conditioning its development and specific expectations expressed by the very actors in order to improve the counselor's work and contribute to close the gap among secondary education, higher education and the world of work.
Algunas tendencias curriculares en la formación de educadores de párvulos.
Authors: Falabella Alejandra , Rojas María Teresa
Published: August 2018

In the last few years, quality of higher education of preschool teachers has emerged as a critical issue triggered by new social changes and challenges for this educational level. This scenario generates a need to carry out a research analyzing the current situation of preschool teachers' education. This article presents a section of this research on the international curricular trends of preschool teachers' education. This involves reviewing the length of careers, main curricular contents, professional specializations courses and innovative curriculum proposals. This study is expected to urge the academic and political sphere to question and discuss these issues in order to improve and enrich curricular proposals according to the particular Chilean context.
Retención de estudiantes vulnerables en la educación universitaria
Authors: Canales Andrea , De los Ríos Danae
Published: August 2018

This paper is aimed to understand from a qualitative point of view the main determinants allowing vulnerable students to stay at university. The research found that more vulnerable students face numerous obstacles at the moment of entering into the higher education system: inadequate high school education, lack of resources or poor social capital to fit into the educational system, among others. Beyond these challenges, vulnerable students who successfully stay at the university system are provided with institutional and family support facilitating their educational development. Likewise, they have personal skills such as achievement orientation, self understanding and awareness about their own vulnerability.
El profesor universitario: construcción de su saber pedagógico e identidad profesional a partir de sus cogniciones y creencias.
Authors: Solar María Inés , Díaz Claudia
Published: August 2018

This paper aims to examine the system of beliefs and teaching practices of Chilean university teachers and its implications on the teaching-learning process. To elicit data, different instruments have been used in the context of a case study, that is to say, a semi-structured interview and an autobiographic narration as they reflect teachers' pedagogical and professional conceptions and the origin of beliefs moving their instructional practices.
Calidad universitaria: actitudes y creencias de alumnos de 4º de EM respecto de un subgrupo de universidades de la V Región.
Authors: Demicheli Guido
Published: August 2018

This investigation was aimed to analyze the most important attitudes and cognitive associations a target group recognizes respect to the quality of four universities at the Fifth Region of Chile. To that end, it was necessary to identify the main attributes high school students connect to universities' quality and establish their attitudes about the selected universities and those attributes. The study found a positive response to institutional prestige, high quality professors and good labor future opportunities and a negative one to strikes and mobilizations since they always affect the desirable conditions associated with universities' quality. All these beliefs are ordered in one consistent hierarchy. Unexpected dimensions such as "good environment within the university" and "quality of life" seem to be strongly considered as constitutive attributes of quality by future university students.
Impactos del aseguramiento de la calidad y acreditación de la educación superior. Consideraciones y proposiciones.
Authors: Zapata Gonzalo , Tejeda Ivo
Published: August 2018

The question about the impact of accreditation processes has attracted great attention in debates on quality assurance (QA) in higher education. In light of empirical evidence and specialized literature, this question has not an easy answer. In this paper, we propose that diverse considerations must be taken into account for the accreditation impact thorough analysis. We also make suggestions on the subject particularly applicable into the national context. In any case, the enormous interest for recognizing and promoting quality assurance impact in Chile should take into account that richness of accreditation rests upon genuine exercise of processes needed to strengthen our higher education.
Caracterización de jóvenes primera generación en educación superior. Nuevas trayectorias hacia la equidad educativa.
Authors: Castillo Jorge , Cabezas Gustavo
Published: August 2018

This work addresses the phenomenon of "first generation" young students by comparing their paths in order to identify factors making that phenomenon possible and its consequences on students. Data used in this research were obtained by monitoring several students from their second year in high school in 2003 through 2009. It also includes information coming from Ministry of Education's administrative data. Finally, it recommends some policies that would contribute to reach more equity in the educational system through students' paths.
Investigación comparativa sobre las evaluaciones de estudiantes universitarios frente a dos modelos e-learning.
Authors: Mendiburo-Seguel Andrés , Reininger Marion
Published: August 2018

Este artículo resume los resultados de una investigación realizada en una universidad chilena, cuyo fin fue comparar las evaluaciones de dos grupos de estudiantes frente a dos modelos de e-learning. Ambos se diferencian respecto a múltiples factores. Se explican los modelos, así como también la revisión teórica que llevó a la creación del instrumento para evaluar dichos factores. Se presentan luego los resultados, destacando que al comparar las evaluaciones de los diferentes factores de los dos modelos de e-learning, los alumnos que siguieron estudios a través de la modalidad recientemente implementada tienen una evaluación significativamente más alta del respectivo sistema, que aquellos que estudiaron bajo la modalidad anterior. Finalmente se discuten las implicancias de estos resultados.
Estudio exploratorio sobre aprendizaje no formal e informal de estudiantes y egresados universitarios.
Authors: Carrasco Rosario , Jadue Fabiola , Letelier Mario , Oliva Claudia
Published: August 2018

There seems to be consensus regarding the need of recognition of non-formal and informal learning, given its impact in the acquisition of knowledge and skills. The present study is aimed to provide an analysis of university students' non-formal and informal learning. By using a mixed-method approach, it analyzed factors behind non-formal and informal learning as well as the use and contribution of this learning to achieve specific learning outcomes at a Chilean university. It provides suggestions for improving the university's capacity to enhance non-formal and informal learning.
Reflexión pedagógica en base a casos y dominio de lenguaje académico en estudiantes de cuarto año de Pedagogía en Educación Básica.
Authors: Concha Soledad , Hernández Carolina , Del Río Francisca , Romo Francisca , Andrade Lorena
Published: August 2018

This study explored the ability of Chilean students of Elementary teaching to produce written case-based teacher reflections (CBTR), and the relationship between that ability and their command of academic terms. Participants watched a video of a Spanish language lesson and reflected about the theoretical basis of the teacher's pedagogical decisions, her teaching method and ways to improve it. Average outcomes reveal that participants lack domain of the theory behind the observed class and provided common sense, not technical responses. A correlation was found between results in CBTR and participants' ability to organize a text based on the theoretical concepts involved in the reflection. The results are analyzed within the broader context of initial teaching formation.
El buen rendimiento escolar en los estudiantes que ingresan a la universidad a través del programa propedéutico: un análisis desde la motivación y el discurso de la UCSH.
Authors: Román Pérez Carola
Published: August 2018

This paper is aimed to highlight the motivational and personal characteristics of students enrolled in bachelor's degrees and entering through propaedeutic program implemented in Universidad Católica Silva Henríquez (UCSH). It has applied motivation scales (Martínez, 2011a) and achievement motivation scale (Manassero and Vazquez, 1996). For discourse analysis, it has used the "structural analysis" technique. Results show that young people who enter through propaedeutic program have the same level of motivation than those who enter through the traditional way. It also shows that young people declare that behind good performance there are effort, planning and clear goals.
Entre democracia y dictadura: inclusión en la educación superior en países de Latinoamérica, Europa Oriental y Europa Occidental (1950-2000).
Authors: Fernández Darraz Enrique , Reisz Robert , Stock Manfred
Published: August 2018

This article analyses the relationship between socio-political conditions and inclusion in higher education. In doing so, the article contrasts the situation in Western Europe and the situation of Eastern European countries that lived under state socialism and Latin American countries ruled by military dictatorships. The study covers the period from 1950 to 2000. The main hypothesis is that socio-political conditions influence expansion processes in higher education and therefore it is not a process of constant expansion as new institutionalism theories have established. Finally, it uses sociological theories of functional differentiation and systems to explain the relationship between socio-political conditions and higher education.
Racionalidades e intereses de cientistas sociales para realizar un magíster en el extranjero: implicancias para el programa Becas Chile
Authors: Mendoza Manuela
Published: August 2018

This paper analyses the expansion of higher education and in particular the boom of graduate studies in Chile. It contrasts discursive and theoretical assumptions of public policy encouraging graduate studies, particularly through Becas Chile program, with the perspective of those who are doing graduate studies. The study attempts to understand the interests of undergraduate students that have completed their degree on social sciences to pursue a Master's degree abroad. It uses an exploratory and descriptive qualitative methodology based on literature and 14 in-depth interviews. Based on the Bourdieu approach, this project is framed under a theoretical prism emphasizing that actions and decisions are reasonable rather than rational and therefore they can involve different rationalities of action (not only instrumental). Results show the existence of at least two rationalities motivating the pursuing of these studies: a strategic rationality oriented to the insertion into the labor market and an experiential one oriented to individuation. As it could be seen, these findings may imply important consequences for public policy in graduate education.