bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gıda Okuryazarlığının, Akdeniz Diyetine Uyum ve Beslenmeyle İlintili Biyokimyasal Bulgularla İlişkisi
Authors: Aksoy Canyolu Burcu , Dönmez Büşra , Yılmaz Önal Hülya , Güneş Fatma Esra
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, gıda okuryazarlığının, yetişkinlerde, Akdeniz diyetine uyum ve beslenmeyle ilintili biyokimyasal parametreler (açlık glikozu, HDL, LDL ve toplam kolesterol, trigliserit, hemoglobin ve albümin) ile ilişkisini incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma Ekim 2022-Haziran 2023 tarihleri arasında, İstanbul’da, Süleyman Yalçın Şehir Hastanesi’ne başvuran toplam 245 yetişkin ile yürütülmüştür. Bireylerin genel bilgileri, gıda okuryazarlığı ve Akdeniz diyetine uyumu araştırmacılar tarafından yüz yüze sorgulanmıştır. Gıda okuryazarlığı, Gıda Okuryazarlığı Anketi Kısa Form (SFLQ) ile, Akdeniz diyetine uyum ise Akdeniz diyetine uyum ölçeği (MEDAS) ile saptanmıştır Katılımcıların biyokimyasal bulguları hastane dosyalarındaki mevcut güncel kayıtlardan elde edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların %51,4’ünde gıda okuryazarlığının ve %67,5’inde Akdeniz diyetine uyumun yetersiz olduğu, kadınların gıda okuryazarlığı düzeyinin erkeklerden yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Gıda okuryazarlığı ile Akdeniz diyetine uyum arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. Gıda okuryazarlığı yeterli olan grupta yetersiz gruba göre, HDL, hemoglobin ve albümin seviyelerinin yüksek (p<0,05), LDL, toplam kolesterol ve trigliserit seviyelerinin düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Erkeklerde gıda okuryazarlığı puanının HDL ve albümin ile pozitif yönlü orta düzeyde korelasyon; kadınlarda ise açlık kan glikozu ile negatif, albümin ile pozitif korelasyon gösterdiği saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada yetişkinlerde gıda okuryazarlığı ve Akdeniz diyetine uyumun yetersiz olduğu belirlenmiştir. Gıda okuryazarlığı ile Akdeniz diyetine uyum arasında bir ilişki bulunmamış ancak gıda okuryazarlığının beslenmeyle ilintili biyokimyasal göstergelerle ilişkili olduğu gösterilmiştir. Gıda okuryazarlığı optimal sağlıkla ilişkili biyokimyasal bulgular ile pozitif ilişkilidir, gıda okuryazarlığının geliştirilmesi beslenmeyle ilintili kronik hastalık risklerinin kontrol edilmesinde etkili olabilir.
The Assessment of Parental Acceptance- Rejection Perception in Adults Who Stutters
Authors: Mengüloğul Övül , Mutlu Ayşe İlayda , Aksoy Songül
Published: November 2024

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate parental acceptance/rejection perception in adult who stutterers. Specifically, it highlights the significance of the attitudes of parents of individuals who stutter in terms of the lifelong effects of stuttering.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted with a total of 40 individuals, 20 females and 20 males, who stutter, and 20 females and 20 males who not stutter. These participants were recruited from the Speech and Language Therapy Unit at Hacettepe University. Digital video recordings of individuals with stuttering were made to assess their stuttering, and a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was administered to the participants with stuttering to evaluate how they perceived the severity of their stuttering. All participants were administered the Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionare Adult Form (PARQ) to assess their perception of parental attitudes.
Results: The parental acceptance-rejection perceptions of mothers of individuals who stutter are significantly different from those of individuals who do not stutter (t=5.584, p < .05). The parental acceptance-rejection perceptions of fathers of individuals who stutter significantly differ from those of individuals who do not stutter (t=5.533, p < .05). The total parental acceptance-rejection scores and sub-dimensions of scores perceived by participants from their parents did not differ by gender.
Conclusion: It was concluded that there are negative effects of parental acceptance-rejection perception in individuals who stutter
The Effect of Consistent Hearing Aid Use on Quality of Life and Depression in Older Persons: From Objective Data Log Evidence
Authors: Parlak Kocabay Aysun , Aksoy Songül
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The aims of the present study were to figure out the relationship between the quality of life and depression mood and wearing time of hearing aids of older persons with age-related hearing loss using objective data log.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-three older persons (13 female, 10 male; mean age 75.9±5.72) who were fitted with bilateral hearing aids due to age-related hearing loss were included in the study. All hearing aids had the data log feature. The World Health Organization Quality of Life – For Older (WHOQOL-OLD) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were applied to subjects.
Results: The Spearman test demonstrated a moderately and significant positive correlation between the hearing aids wearing time and WHOQOL-OLD (p = .038, r = .43). And also, there was a moderately and significant negative correlation between hearing aid using time and GDS (p = .034, r = -.44).
Conclusion: We highlight that health is a state of physical and mental well-being, and we suggest that presbycusis management should include not just auditory treatments but also psychosocial therapy with a holistic approach. In the present study, the choice to focus on objective data logging in hearing aids rather than subjective self-reports and reveal the impact of consistent device use on quality of life and depression in older persons adds to the novelty of the field.
Genç Erişkin Bireylerde Tütün Kullanımı ve Pasif Maruziyetin Egzersiz Toleransı, Covid-19 Korkusu ve Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Akgül Soner , Yılmaz Elif , Yetişen Hümeyra , Bozkurt Fatıma Nur , Okur İsmail
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışma genç erişkin bireylerde tütün kullanımı ve pasif içiciliğin egzersiz toleransı, COVİD-19 korkusu ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyi üzerine etkisini incelemek üzere planlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 126 katılımcı sigara kullanım durumlarına göre hiç maruziyeti olmayan (n=28), pasif içici (n=69) ve aktif içici (n=29) olarak 3 gruba ayrılmıştır. Katılımcıların fonksiyonel kapasiteleri 6 dakika yürüme testi, COVİD-19 korku düzeyleri Koronavirüs Korku Ölçeği ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi ile değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Grupların 6 dakika yürüme testi mesafeleri benzerdir (p=0,978). Grupların KKÖ skorları açısından istatistiksel olarak farklı olduğu (p=0,004), post-hoc analizde bu farkın pasif içiciler ile aktif sigara kullananlar arasındaki farktan kaynaklandığı belirlendi (p=0,004). Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi analizi sonucunda ise grupların orta şiddetli egzersiz, yürüme, toplam skor ve oturma süreleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olduğu belirlendi (p
Diplejik Serebral Palsi’li Çocuklarda Katılım Kısıtlılıkları, Gövde Dengesi, Dinamik Denge ve Çevresel Faktörlerin Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi
Authors: Bingöl Hasan , Demirtaş Karaoba Dilan
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Diplejik Serebral Palsi (SP)’li çocuklarda katılım kısıtlılıklarının potansiyel belirleyicileri olan gövde dengesi, dinamik denge ve çevresel faktörlerin yapısal modelini test etmek
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya yaşları 5-14 yıl (ortalama yaş:10,28±2,47; 17 erkek 18 kız) arasında değişen toplam 35 diplejik SP’li çocuk dâhil edildi. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen çocukların gövde kontrolü, dinamik denge ve fonksiyonel mobiliteleri, çevresel faktörler ve katılım özellikleri sırasıyla Gövde Kontrol Ölçüm Skalası (GKÖS), Zamanlı Kalk ve Yürü Testi (ZKYT), Avrupa Çocuk Çevre Anketi (AÇÇA) ve Yaşam Alışkanlıkları Değerlendirme Anketi (Life -H) kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Belirlenen değişkenler arasındaki kompleks veya çoklu ilişkiler yapısal bir eşitlik modeli (YEM) olan Yol Analizi kullanılarak belirlendi.
Bulgular: Önerilen yol modeli, diplejik SP’li çocuklarda gövde kontrolünün dinamik denge ve çevresel faktörler değişkenleri üzerinde anlamlı ve doğrudan etkileri olduğunu ortaya koydu (β1= -0,66; p<0,001 ve β2= -0,79; p<0,001). Gövde kontrolünün katılım parametreleriyle doğrudan ilişkisi bulunamadı (p>0,05). Buna karşılık, gövde kontrollünün katılım parametreleri üzerindeki etkilerine dinamik denge (β1=-0,10; p<0.05 ve β2=-0,46; p<0,05) ve çevresel faktörler (β1=-0,58; p<0,001 ve β2=-0,21; p<0,05) değişkenleri aracılık etmiştir. Son olarak, gövde kontrolü, dinamik denge ve çevresel faktörler parametreleri birlikte günlük aktivitelere katılım skorundaki varyansın %33,9’unu açıklarken, aynı parametreler sosyal ortamlara katılım parametresi skorundaki varyansın sadece %9’unu açıkladı.
Sonuç: Bozulmuş gövde kontrolü, zayıf dinamik denge ve çevresel engeller, diplejik SP'li çocuklarda kötü katılım sonuçlarından sorumlu bulundu. Bu durum, hedef kitlenin katılım sonuçlarının iyileştirilmesi için gövde kontrol eğitimi, dinamik denge egzersizleri ve çevresel değişikliklerin yapılması gerektiğini göstermektedir.
Association Between Acromiohumeral Distance, Shoulder Rotational Strength, And Range of Movements in University Basketball Players: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Eraslan Leyla , Yar Ozan , Düzgün İrem
Published: November 2024

Objective: Limited information exists regarding the sports-related adaptations at the shoulder complex in university basketball players. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the shoulder rotational muscle strength, range of movements (ROM), and acromiohumeral distance (AHD) values to interpret side-to-side differences regarding injury risk factors in throwing and non-throwing shoulders of university basketball players.
Materials and Methods: Twenty university basketball players (10 males, 10 females; age=20.2±1.8 years; body mass index=21.1±2.22 kg/m2) were included. AHD values, isometric and concentric strengths of shoulder external (ER) and internal rotation (IR), and shoulder ER, IR, and total rotational ROM were measured bilaterally.
Results: AHD was greater on the throwing side at 0° (p<0.001) and 60° of shoulder abduction positions (p<0.001). However, throwing shoulders demonstrated more AHD reduction from 0° to 60° of shoulder abduction (p=0.01). We found greater isometric ER strength (p=0.006), ER/IR ratio (p=0.001), concentric ER strength (p<0.001), concentric ER/IR ratio (p<0.001), and ER ROM (p<0.001) in the throwing shoulders. Besides, AHD was correlated with isometric ER strength on the throwing side (p=0.012, r=0.552) and non-throwing side (p=0.041, r=0.461), also, isometric ER/IR strength ratio on the throwing side (p=0.017, r=0.526) and the non-throwing side (p=0.013, r=0.545).
Conclusion: University basketball players demonstrated stronger ER muscle strength, higher ER/IR strength, increased ER ROM, and wider AHD values on the throwing shoulders. Moreover, greater ER muscle strength and ER/IR strength ratio were associated with greater AHD.
İşitme Cihazı Memnuniyetinde Cihaz Kullanım Süresinin Rolü
Authors: Yiğit Öznur , Kılıç Samet
Published: November 2024

Amaç:
Bu
çalışmanın amacı, bilateral işitme cihazı kullanıcılarının günlük ve yaşam boyu
işitme cihazı kullanım süresi ile işitme kaybı derecesinin işitme cihazı
memnuniyetine olan etkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç
ve Yöntem: 18-49 yaş arası 38 bilateral işitme
kullanıcısı birey (22 K, 16 E; Ort. Yaş: 32.8) çalışmaya katılmıştır. Çalışmaya
katılan bireylere Günlük Hayatta Amplifikasyon Memnuniyeti Anketi” doldurtulmuş
ve anketin ikinci sayfasındaki özelliklere göre gruplandırılarak değerlendirme
yapılmıştır. Değerlendirme bu anketin “Pozitif Etki”, “Servis ve Fiyat”,
“Negatif Özellikler” ve “Kişisel İmaj” alt boyutlarında ayrı ayrı ve anket
toplam skoruna göre yapılmıştır. Bulgular:
İşitme
güçlüğü seviyesine göre en iyi T-SADL skorları orta derece işitme güçlüğünde
gözlenmiştir (p<0.017). Hayat boyu işitme cihazı deneyimine göre T-SADL
skorları pozitif etki ve servis ve fiyat alt parametrelerinde süre arttıkça
azalma göstermiştir (p<0.008). Günlük işitme cihazı kullanım süresi arttıkça
T-SADL skorları servis ve fiyat alt parametresi hariç diğer tüm alt
parametrelerde ve toplam skorda artış göstermiştir (p<0.017).

Sonuç:
Çalışmanın
sonucunda, işitme cihazı kullanım memnuniyetini etkileyen faktörler arasında
işitme cihazlarıyla ilgili deneyim süresi, günlük kullanım oranları ve işitme
kaybının derecesinin önemli değişkenler olduğu görülmüştür.
Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Çocuklarda Beslenme Aktivitesinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Kars Sinem , Abaoğlu Hatice , Huri Meral
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Sağlıklı beslenme çocukların gelişimi için önemlidir. Sağlıksız beslenme
engelli çocuklarda sıklıkla görülmektedir. Özellikle otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB)
olan çocuklarda yemek yeme aktivitesinin sıklıkla etkilendiği belirtilmektedir.
Bu nedenle bu çalışmada OSB’li çocukların yeme davranışlarının incelenmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak
sosyodemografik bilgi formu, Otizm Öğün Davranışı Kısa Formu ve Duyu Profili
Oral Duyusal İşlem alt parametresi kullanıldı. Sosyodemografik bilgi formunda
ebeveyn yaşı, mesleği, eğitim düzeyi, aile yapısı, Engelli Sağlık Kurulu
Raporu’nda yer alan tanı(lar), yemek yeme davranışını etkileyebilecek diğer
faktörler (kabızlık, çiğneme-yutma problemi, vb.) ve ebeveyn tutumları
kaydedildi. Veriler frekans, yüzde, aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapma ile
verildi. Bulgular: OSB’li çocuklarda yemek çeşitliliğinde kısıtlılık
olduğu, oral duyusal işlemlemede zorluk yaşadıkları, yemek yeme saatlerinin
belli olmadığı, yemek yeme sırasında genellikle görsel uyaranların
kullanıldığı, ebeveynlerin çocuklarını bağımsız bir şekilde yemek yemesi için
teşvik etmediği, OSB’de uygulanan diyetler konusunda bilgi sahibi olduğu ve bu
diyetleri uygulamaya çalıştığı saptandı. Sonuç: OSB’li bireylerde yemek
yeme aktivitesinde problem olduğu, bu problemin ailenin yaşam kalitesine etki
edebileceği ve bu nedenle OSB’li bireylerle çalışan profesyonellerin gerekli durumlarda
gerekli yönlendirmeleri yapmasının önemli olduğunu ve ailelere çocuk beslenmesi
konusunda eğitim verilebileceğini düşünmekteyiz.
Kadınlarda Adet Düzensizliğinin Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi, Yorgunluk, Yaşam Kalitesi, Duygu Durumu ve Uyku Kalitesi Üzerine Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Fil Balkan Ayla , Adın Rıdvan
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Sağlıklı genç
yetişkin kadınlarda adet düzensizlikleri ile fiziksel aktivite seviyesi, uyku
düzeni, yorgunluk, depresyon ve yaşam kalitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi
incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 20-40 yaşlarında olan 202 genç yetişkin
kadın katılmıştır. Bireylerin demografik ve sosyoekonomik bilgileri
kaydedilmiştir. Ayrıca yorgunluk Chalder Yorgunluk ölçeği, uyku kalitesi
Pittsburg Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi, fiziksel aktivite seviyesi Godin Boş Zaman
Fiziksel Aktivite ölçeği, duygu durumu Beck Depresyon Ölçeği ve yaşam kalitesi
Nottingham Sağlık Profili ile incelenmiştir. Adet düzensizliği olan kadınlar
belirlenip aynı yaşta olan diğer kadınlarla sonuçları karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Adet düzensizliği olan kadınlarda fiziksel yorgunluğun ve depresif bulguların
arttığı, uyku kalitesinin, ortalama uyku süresinin ve yaşam kalitesinin
azaldığı belirlendi. Sonuç: Çalışmamızla
adet düzensizliğinin bazı fiziksel ve ruhsal etkilerinin olduğunu görülmüştür.
Herhangi bir sağlık problemi ile ilişkili olmaması durumunda göz ardı edilmesi
muhtemel olan adet düzensizliğinin günlük yaşama olan etkilerinin araştırılması
ve temelinde yatan nedenlerin bulunarak çözüm üretilmesine, kendini
gerçekleştirme, yeterli iş gücüne sahip olma, ailesel, sosyal ve toplumsal
görevlerini yerine getirme gibi kadının toplum içinde yer edinmesini sağlayacak
etmenlerin iyileştirilmesine yardımcı olabilir.
Sarcopenic Obesity in Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Implications for Cancer Survivors
Authors: Das Gargi , Setlur Kritika , Jana Manisha , Ramakrishnan Lakshmy , Jain Vandana , Meena Jagdish Prasad , Gupta Aditya Kumar , Dwivedi Sadanand , Seth Rachna
Published: November 2024

Purpose: Sarcopenic obesity, characterized by increased adiposity with low skeletal muscle mass, contributes to frailty and the development of chronic disease. Data on sarcopenic obesity in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL) is limited.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study on 65 cALL survivors (7-18 years, >2 years from treatment completion) was conducted on cALL survivors with the primary outcome to determine the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity. Sarcopenic obesity was defined as patients with a positive Fat Mass (FM) z-score with a negative Appendicular Lean Body Mass (APLBM) z-score, measured using Dual-Energy Xray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan. In addition, we assessed the factors associated with sarcopenic obesity by multivariable regression analysis.
Results: The mean (±SD) age was 12.9 (±3.2) years, the median (Interquartile Range) time since diagnosis was 6.5 (5.9;8) years, and 66% received cranial radiotherapy. Central obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome were seen in 21.5%, 23.1%, and 21% respectively. DXA-derived body composition variables revealed higher fat percentage despite normal body mass index (BMI) and lower muscle mass compared to the general population. Sarcopenic obesity was seen in 21 (32%) of survivors. On multivariable regression analysis, age at diagnosis (OR: 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92-0.98), p=0.02), central obesity (OR: 18.99 (95% 2.32-155.5), p=0.006) and insulin resistance (OR: 10.2 (95% CI: 1.75-59.09), p=0.01) were associated with sarcopenic obesity.
Conclusions and Implications for cancer survivors: Sarcopenia, an early clinical indicator for metabolic disease despite normal BMI, was significantly worse in children diagnosed with ALL at a younger age and was associated with central obesity and insulin resistance, which may contribute to adverse outcomes later in life.
Factors influencing health professionals' management of tracheal intubation in oral and maxillofacial malignancies patients after surgery: A qualitative study
Authors: Xu Zhixia , Zou Qinhan , Yang Yuelai , Gu Fen
Published: November 2024

Background
Tracheal intubation is significant for patients with Oral and maxillofacial malignancies (OMMs) after surgery. Despite the development of practice guidelines and training programs, the current management of tracheal intubation by healthcare professionals (HCPs) is inadequate. This study aimed to explore factors that hinder HCPs in managing the tracheal intubation of patients with OMMs after surgery in the intensive care unit (ICU).
Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 experienced HCPs in three clinical units at a tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China, from February to May 2024. Purposive sampling was used. The data were organized and analyzed using NVivo 12.0 software and Braun and Clarke's reflective thematic analysis.
Results
Two themes and seven sub-themes emerged: (1) institutional factors: lack of a risk assessment system for airway obstruction, lack of a tracheal intubation emergency team, preparations for delayed extubation were inconsistent, and inadequate reintubation training for airway obstruction, and (2) individual factors: normativity of airway humidification, reserve of knowledge on the risk of airway obstruction, and attitude about learning about airway obstruction.
Conclusion
HCPs' inadequate management of tracheal intubation in patients with OMMs after surgery is influenced by multiple factors. Designing targeted interventions utilizing these influencing factors will improve HCPs' ability to manage tracheal intubation and ensure the life safety and effective treatment of patients with OMMs following surgery.
Effect of Intra-socket Application of Hyaluronic Acid Gel on Soft and Hard Tissue Healing Following Impacted Mandibular Third Molars Extraction(a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial)
Authors: Elkady Omnia , Sweedan Osama , Amer Tasneem
Published: November 2024

Background
One of the most frequent dental operations is the surgical extraction of an impacted third molar. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of the intra-socket application of 0.8% hyaluronic acid (HA) gel on hard & soft tissue healing after surgical removal of the impacted 3rd molar.
Objective
Materials and methods
This randomized controlled clinical study included thirty patients aged from 21–36 years who were scheduled for surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar. 0.8% hyaluronic acid gel (HA group) was applied immediately after surgery in the intra-socket of 15 patients, and nothing (No HA group) was applied to the socket of the other 15 patients. Soft and hard tissue healing was assessed after extraction on the third, seventh, and fourteenth day.
Results
The soft tissue healing index was significantly better (very good or excellent) in the HA group compared with no HA group after fourteen days postoperative (p < .001). Also, the percentage increase of bone density in the HA group was statistically significantly higher after two months than in the no HA group ((p < .001)
Conclusion
Hyaluronic acid 0.8% gel application improves soft tissue healing and bone density healing following surgical extraction of the mandibular third molar. It could be considered a valuable material for improving bone healing and soft tissue.
Trial registration
The trial is retrospectively registered at the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry with the identification number for the registry PACTR202407576478340.
Hypothalamic Subregion Alterations in Short Stature Children and Relations to Growth-Regulated Hormone Level and Cognitive Changes
Authors: Chen Xiaojun , zhan Xiafei , Lu Yi , Pan Jiangfeng , Yan Zhihan
Published: November 2024

Rationale and Objectives: To delve into the volume alterations of the hypothalamus subregions among short stature children, identify the relations to growth-regulated hormone level and cognitive changes.
Materials and Methods: Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was obtained from 79 children with diagnosed with growth hormone deficiency (GHD), 89 children with idiopathic short stature (ISS). Levels of IGF-1, IGFBP-3, ACTH and cortisol were measured and the growth hormone stimulation test was used to documented the GH level. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale test was used to assessment cognitive changes. Based on an automated hypothalamus segmentation tool, the hypothalamus and its subregions were segmented. Volumes of the hypothalamic subregions were compared between the two groups. Correlational analysis was used to assess the relationship between morphometric alterations with hormone levels and cognitive changes.
Results: Posterior subregion (PS) and tubular inferior subregion (TIS) volumes were significant smaller in GHD children compared with ISS children. However, GHD children got bigger volume in whole hypothalamus. In the whole cohort, the intelligent scores of Processing Speed Index (PSI) and Cognitive Proficiency Index (CPI) were positively correlated with the volume of PS, WH (whole hypothalamus) respectively. In GHD group, the volume of TIS was positively correlated with the level of IGFBP-3. Additionally, the volume of PS was negatively correlated with the levels of peak GH and GH levels recorded at intervals of 30 min, 90 min.
Conclusion: Analyzing hypothalamus subregions could improve understanding of GHD pathophysiology and may serve as non-invasive imaging biomarkers, potentially leading to new therapeutic strategies.
Comparison of mortality and cardiovascular complications due to COVID-19, RSV, and influenza in hospitalized children and young adults
Authors: Khanal Sagya , Khanal Bishes , Chou Fu-Sheng , Moon-Grady Anita J , Ghimire Laxmi V
Published: November 2024

Background
Respiratory viruses are linked to cardiovascular complications. We aim to compare cardiovascular complications due to COVID-19, influenza and RSV.
Methods
We analyzed cross-sectional data from hospitalized children and young adults (≤ 20 years) from 2020 and 2021 using National Inpatient Sample(NIS). We included individuals hospitalized for COVID-19, RSV, and influenza, and weighted data were used to compare cardiovascular complications.
Results
Of 212,655 respiratory virus admissions, 85,055 were from COVID-19, 103,185 were from RSV, and 24,415 were from influenza. Myocarditis was higher in COVID-19 [0.9%,n = 740] as compared to influenza [0.2%,n = 55] and RSV [0.1%,n = 65]. In the adjusted logistic regression, the odds of myocarditis was 61% lower in influenza [aOR = 0.39 (0.20–0.76), P = 0.006], and 85% lower in RSV [aOR = 0.15 (0.07–0.34) P < 0.001] as compared to COVID-19. Heart block was higher in COVID-19 [0.8%,n = 690] versus influenza [0.5%,n = 110] and RSV [0.2%,n = 205]. After adjusting for confounders for heart block, compared to COVID-19, the odds of heart block was 49% lower in RSV [aOR = 0.51 (0.33–0.80), P = 0.004] but no statistically significant difference in influenza [aOR = 0.79 (0.48–1.31), P = 0.374] was seen. Tachyarrhythmias, cardiac arrest, and in-hospital mortality showed no differences after adjusting for covariates.
Conclusion
Individuals with COVID-19 infection are more likely to develop cardiovascular complications compared to influenza and RSV, highlighting the need for higher index of suspicion and prompt treatment, as well as steps to limit infection and transmission of this virus in children.
Prevalence, associated factors, and viral load dynamics of chronic hepatitis B virus among HIV patients in three healthcare of South Kivu province, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.
Authors: Bisimwa Parvine Basimane , Mukonkole Jean Paulin Mbo , Koyaweda Giscard Wilfried , Matabishi Cadeau Mugisho , Kashosi Théophile Mitima , Mukanga Omari , Mukengere Denis Mukwege , Nachega Jean Bisimwa , Komas Narcisse Patrice Joseph
Published: November 2024

Background
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) significantly impacts public health, particularly among individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Co-infection can worsen HBV progression and increase chronic liver disease risks. This study assesses HBV marker frequency, viral load, and associated factors in HIV patients in South Kivu to understand the health implications of HBV-HIV co-infection.
Methods
This cross-sectional study, from July 1, 2019, to July 30, 2021, included 864 HIV patients aged 18 to 70 from General Referral Hospital of Panzi, Regional Military Hospital of Bukavu, and Fomulac Hospital. Participants, on antiretroviral therapy or newly diagnosed, consented for blood testing for hepatitis B using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and viral loads using GeneXpert. Data were analyzed with Stata SE 14.0. Ethical approval was secured from National Health Ethics Committee (CNES001/DPSK/124PP/2019).
Results
The study found 8.0% HBsAg positivity among HIV patients in South Kivu, with 41.3% and 14.1% showing anti-HBc and anti-HBs antibodies, respectively. HBs positivity was linked to male gender (AOR = 2.96; p = 0.007), rural origin (AOR = 4.32; p = 0.014), treatment at Fomulac Hospital (AOR = 4.87; p = 0.002), marital status (AOR = 4.55; p = 0.036), lower education (AOR = 57.25; p = 0.002), jaundice history (AOR = 3.98; p = 0.021), and < 5 years of unprotected sex (AOR = 10.96; p = 0.002). The HIV viral load averaged 1807 ± 3698 copies/ml, with no significant difference between HIV-only and co-infected individuals (p = 0.6642). 58.0% on ART had undetectable HIV loads. For HBV, 43.5% had undetectable, 49.3% low, and 7.2% high viral loads. A correlation existed between HIV and HBV loads; undetectable HIV corresponded to undetectable HBV in 62.5%, and high HIV loads to high HBV in 50.0%.
Conclusion
High HBV co-infection rates in HIV-positive individuals in South Kivu necessitate regular HBV monitoring and integrated prevention, screening, and vaccination strategies in HIV care. Despite ART managing both infections effectively, further research on HBV-related outcomes is essential for improving co-infected patient care.
Effects of early supplemental parenteral nutrition on new-onset infection in adults with acute severe stroke: A single-center retrospective case-control study
Authors: Ma Chen , Fan Zhirong , Wang Xuan , Li Bian , Zhao Jingjing , Kang Xiaogang , Jiang Wen , Yang Fang
Published: November 2024

Background: Early adequate feeding reduces the mortality in patients with acute severe stroke. Supplemental parenteral nutrition (SPN) may address enteral nutrition (EN) deficiency and mitigate the risk of nosocomial infection. The benefit of EN plus early SPN strategy over full EN strategy is unknown in acute severe stroke.
Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 20 patients with acute severe stroke in SPN group who received EN plus early SPN (more than 50% of energy target within 72h after admission). Forty control cases in the EN group who received full EN were matched by age, sex and lesion site. Time to new-onset pneumonia or nosocomial infections were analyzed by Student’s t-test and Breslow generalized Wilcoxon test.
Results: Baseline characteristics were major similar between matched groups, while patients in the SPN group had higher level of serum leukocyte, neutrophil and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (P<0.05). Compared to the EN group, the time to new-onset pneumonia was significantly delayed in the SPN group (7.6 days vs. 5.2 days; mean difference, 2.5 days; 95%CI, 0.65 to 4.31, P=0.009), as well as the time to new-onset nosocomial infections (7.1 days vs. 4.8 days; mean difference, 2.3 days; 95%CI, 0.46 to 4.07, P=0.015). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed similar cumulative probability of new-onset pneumonia or new-onset nosocomial infections in the two groups (P>0.05). The rate of digestive intolerance events between the two groups were similar (40% in the SPN group vs 52.5% in the EN group, P=0.361).
Conclusions: In patients with acute severe stroke, the application of EN plus early SPN could delay the onset of pneumonia and nosocomial infections especially at early phase.
Australian Palliative Care Outcome Collaboration (PCOC) Phases: Cross Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Validation for Polish Palliative Settings
Authors: Wilk-Lelito Katarzyna , Białoń-Janusz Anna , Kowalczyk Magdalena , Wesołek Elżbieta , Grądalski Tomasz
Published: November 2024

Background
Measuring the quality of palliative care requires evaluation methods allowing to compare clinically meaningful groups of patients within different settings. In Poland, implementing such a universal system, which enables setting standards and further benchmarking, would be beneficial. This study is aimed at developing cross cultural adaptation and psychometric validation for a Polish translation of the Palliative Care Outcome Collaboration (PCOC) phases.
Methods
Forward and backward translation was performed to obtain a Polish draft version regarding definitions of the PCOC phases, which was then the subject of linguistic and graphical transformations in the process of cognitive interviewing. Polish version acceptability was examined as the level of the staff’s belief in the degree of fit, ease of assignments and familiarity of the patient & family’s situation. Finally, cross sectional analysis was conducted among 313 hospice and home-care palliative patients. The attending doctor and nurse independently evaluated the same patients using the Polish version of the PCOC phases to establish inter-rater reliability values. Then, to determine its construct validity, the PCOC indicators were referred to patients’ prognosis, functioning level and PALCOM scale scores.
Results
A Polish draft version of the PCOC phases was prepared. Seven of the 13 interviewed persons reported problems with comprehending this proposal, which caused changes in linguistic and graphical aspects of the tool. The majority of respondents preferred the final graphical scheme of phases, prepared after round-two of interviews. Scheme application acceptability was confirmed in a practical trial. The respondents’ overall conviction regarding degree of fit and assignment ease were high. Seventy percent of PCOC phases assignments were in agreement, and a moderate level or inter-rater reliability was obtained (kappa 0.573). The highest proportion of totally bed-bound patients with the shortest survival prognosis were observed for the terminal phase, while the highest complexity of palliative care needs were noted for the unstable one.
Conclusions
The PCOC phases tool seems to be a valuable concept for specialists of palliative care settings in audit measures. Training in practical use would be advisablebefore implementing it in routine practice.
A Green, Versatile, and Facile Strategy for Anti-biofouling Surface with Ultra-high Graft Density Polyethylene Glycol
Authors: Liu Wenjie , He Suqin , Liu Hao , Shou Zeyu , Huo Kaiyuan , Xiang Hongping , Feng Aihan , Lu Wei , Li Na
Published: November 2024

Implantable catheters are susceptible to severe complications due to non-specific protein adhesion on their surfaces. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) coatings, the gold standard for resistance to non-specific protein adhesion, present a challenge in achieving high-density grafting, which significantly restricts their use as anti-biofouling coatings. Herein, we exploited the strong interaction between polyphenols (PCs) and polycations (K6-PEG) to graft PEG onto the surface of PC-Cu (A network of metal polyphenols composed of proanthocyanidins and metal copper ions, with expectation for the coating with excellent resistance to non-specific protein adhesion (PC-Cu@K6-PEG). The introduction of K6-PEG resulted in enhanced stability and modulus of PC-Cu, as well as a reduction in the surface adhesion energy and contact angle of PC-Cu. In contrast to previously reported PEG coatings, PC-Cu@K6-PEG exhibited a markedly elevated grafting density of PEG (4.06 chains/nm²), which was more than double the highest value previously documented (1.9 chains/nm²), due to the diffusing ability of K6-PEG throughout the PC-Cu networks. PC-Cu@K6-PEG displays robust resistance to a variety of proteins, microbials, and platelet attachment, thereby preventing thrombosis. The coating ability of PC-Cu onto diverse substrates, coupled with the simple, straightforward and environmentally benign process of fabricating PC-Cu@K6-PEG, suggests that this strategy has significant potential for use in anti-biofouling surfaces.
Full-Endoscopic Transforaminal Decompression with Modified Reaming Technique on Lateral Recess Stenosis: Outcomes of 155 Cases and Five Years’ Experience. A Case Series Study
Authors: Chung Yu-Hsuan , Su Hong-Lin , Li Chun-Yi , Hu Ming-Hsien
Published: November 2024

Objective:
Lateral recess stenosis (LRS) is a degenerative condition which caused by bulging disc, hyperplasia of superior articular process and hypertrophy of ligament flavum. The advancement of transforaminal endoscopic lumbar approaches provides effective treatment not only for migrated herniation but also for stenosis. We outlined a modified non-sequential foraminoplasty technique utilizing a trephine, and conducted a comprehensive review of our cases to demonstrate safety and efficacy of the procedure.
Methods:
Patients with lumbar radiculopathy refractory to conservative treatment, diagnosed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diagnostic root blocks, and underwent full endoscopic transforaminal decompression with the modified non-sequential foraminoplasty technique between April 2017 to September 2022 were included. Those with multiple level stenosis, previous surgery at the same level, unstable spondylolisthesis, lumbar herniated disc without stenosis, infection, fracture, or tumor were excluded. The study recorded the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Modified Macnab criteria, as well as intra- and postoperative complications.
Results:.
155 patients were included in the study. Clinical and postoperative outcomes revealed significantly lower back and leg visual analog scale scores, as well as Oswestry Disability Index scores at various postoperative time points compared to preoperative values (P < 0.01) At the final follow-up, the modified MacNab criteria were rated as follows: excellent in 65 patients (41.9%), good in 60 patients (38.7%), fair in 2 patients (1.2%), and poor in 28 patients (18.0%).
Conclusions:
Full endoscopic transforaminal decompression using modified non-sequential foraminoplasty technique is an effective and safe treatment for lumbar lateral recess stenosis.
A cross-sectional survey to assess breast cancer survivors’ knowledge about lymphedema risk, prevention, and management
Authors: Klugman Madelyn , Tringale Kathryn R. , Patil Sujata , Montagna Giacomo , Finik Jackie , Kuo Ting-Ting , Eberle Carolyn , Pinkhasov Alexandr , Gillis Theresa , Gany Francesca , Blinder Victoria
Published: November 2024

Background Lymphedema is a common problem that adversely impacts quality of life in breast cancer survivors. Although lymphedema risk is modifiable through behavior change, there is no standardized approach to educate survivors about risk-lowering strategies. Furthermore, misconceptions about lymphedema risk factors and risk-lowering strategies are common. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of lymphedema therapy referral on knowledge about lymphedema risk.Methods This was a cross-sectional single institution study in which breast cancer survivors at a National Cancer Institute-designated cancer center completed an anonymous questionnaire between 2014 and 2015. Eligibility criteria were age ≥ 18, female sex, English-speaking, > 6 months post definitive breast cancer surgery, no cancer recurrence, and no prior or subsequent second cancer. The questionnaire included sociodemographic variables, clinical factors including prior lymphedema therapy referral, and 10 true/false questions assessing knowledge about lymphedema risk. Multivariable logistic regression analyses assessed the relationship between prior lymphedema therapy referral and correctly answering questions about lymphedema risk.Results Of 209 participants, 53 (25%) had been referred to lymphedema therapy. Those who had undergone sentinel lymph node biopsy were less frequently referred to lymphedema therapy [15 (14%)] than those who had undergone axillary lymph node dissection [38 (39%)]. Five of the true/false questions had a correct response rate of < 80%. After controlling for age, race/ethnicity, education, type of axillary surgery, and receipt of radiation therapy, referral for lymphedema therapy was associated with correctly answering two questions about lymphedema risk: weight gain increases lymphedema risk [odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 3.63 (1.66–7.96)] and exercising the arm on an airplane decreases risk [2.65 (1.15–6.13)].Conclusions Misconceptions about lymphedema prevention and management are common among breast cancer survivors. Lymphedema therapy referral is a potential opportunity to debunk misunderstandings and educate at-risk patients regarding lymphedema.Trial registration N/A
Mental Health and Post-Pandemic: Anxiety, Depression, and Social Support in the Adult Population of Argentina in the Post-COVID Era
Authors: Sosa Julieta Mariel , López-Morales Hernán , del-Valle Macarena Verónica , López Marcela Carolina , Canet-Juric Lorena , Urquijo Sebastián
Published: November 2024

Purposes
Studies report significant increases in anxiety during the pandemic. In Argentina, after thirteen months of the pandemic being declared, significant increases in anxiety and depression indicators were still being recorded. Considering that there is evidence about the relationship between perceived social support and mental health, this factor could mediate the relationship between negative pandemic experiences, anxiety, and depression. Therefore, the testing of two mediation models is proposed: one between negative experiences of the pandemic and depression, mediated by social support, and another for the relationship between these experiences and anxiety, also mediated by social support.
Methodology: The sample consisted of 664 adults from different cities in Argentina. The Pandemic Impact Questionnaire CAIR (C-PIQ), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-2), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were administered.
Results: Two mediation models were tested, which reported that negative pandemic experiences were indirectly associated with anxiety and depression through social support, which functioned as a mediating variable.
Conclusions: This empirical investigation contributes to the evidence of the potential buffering effect of social support on depressive symptoms and anxiety. Findings of this kind highlight the potential of social support to be considered in the framework of assistance and prevention interventions.
Comparison of the effect of simultaneous administration of magnesium sulfate and indomethacin with the administration of magnesium sulfate alone in inhibiting premature birth.
Authors: Dadashaliha Masoumeh , Hoorshad Shiva , Fallah Somayeh
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Premature birth is one of the most significant complications observed in pregnancies, which can lead to consequences such as preterm birth and its associated complications. The aim of this research is to compare the effectiveness of tocolytics with magnesium sulphate alone and the combination of magnesium sulphate and indomethacin in preventing premature birth at Kowsar Hospital in 2019-2020.
Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 200 pregnant women with gestational age of 24 to 32 weeks referred to Kowsar Hospital in Qazvin; Iran. Patients were divided into two equal groups, receiving treatment with magnesium sulphate and indomethacin (Group A) and magnesium sulphate alone (Group B). Then, the data were analysed using SPSS statistical software and appropriate statistical tests.
Results: According to the research findings, the mean time interval from drug administration to delivery in Group A was 505.91 ± 774.71 hours, and in Group B, it was 545.77 ± 503.32 hours, with this difference being statistically significant (p < 0.05). Additionally, the mean gestational age at the time of delivery in Group A was 35.30 ± 2.50 weeks and in Group B was 35.03 ± 2.65 weeks, with no significant difference (p > 0.05). On the other hand, the type of intervention had a significant relationship with the number of deliveries within 7 days after starting drug administration (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The results indicate a greater impact of tocolytics with the combination of magnesium sulphate and indomethacin compared to magnesium sulphate alone in preventing premature birth and delaying it. There were similarities in our study findings compared to other studies.
Trial registration: This clinical study was approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (http://www.irct.ir) with the with the IRCT ID: IRCT20190819044568N1, Registration date was 2020-05-08 .
A randomized controlled trail to compare the effect of oxycodone and sufentanil on postoperative analgesia and immune function for laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer
Authors: Lin Chunmei , Xu Zhiqiao , Liang Xin , Wei Hong
Published: November 2024

Background
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of oxycodone and sufentanil on postoperative analgesia and immune function in patients with laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer (CRC), as well as the serum level of inflammatory cytokine.
Methods
40 patients from August 2023 to August 2024 in Shenzhen Nanshan Hospital undergoing laparoscopic resection of CRC were randomly divided into Group O (n = 20) and Group S (n = 20). The visual analog scale (VAS) score and serial blood samples were assessed during perioperative period. The primary outcome was VAS scores and immune function at 24h and 72h after surgery. The secondary outcome was inflammatory markers at 24h and 72h after surgery.
Results
The VAS scores at cough in Group O at 24 h and 72h postoperative were lower than those in Group S (p < 0.001). No significant difference was found in VAS scores at rest between the two groups (P > 0.05). The immune indicators including C3, C4, IgG, IgA, IgE, IgM, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+did not show significant changes after using oxycodone or sufentanil for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA). There was no significant difference in inflammatory factors (including IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-a and INF-y) at 24 h and 72h after surgery between the Group O and Group S.
Conclusion
The effect of oxycodone in relieving visceral pain is better than sufentanil, but not cutting pain. In addition, there is no significant superiority in the effects of oxycodone on immune function and inflammatory cytokine release compared to sufentanil.
Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400089072).
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Future Drought Vulnerability in the Hindu Kush Region: A Case Study of the Karnali River Basin
Authors: Hamal Samikshya , Lamichhane Suraj , Maharjan Koshish Raj
Published: November 2024

A slow-onset catastrophe known as a drought driven by climate change has an impact on the Karnali River Basin, central part of the Himalaya of the Hindu Kush Region. The present study aims to evaluate the spatial and temporal extent and characteristics of the drought using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in combination with Geographical Information System (GIS) of KRB as this type of research takes less data and resources and can be done using secondary sources data. In addition, this study makes an effort to predict future temperature and precipitation from 2021–2100 utilizing the most recent CMIP6 datasets under two scenarios, SSP245 and SSP585. The majority of highland areas, which comprises as Salyan, Surkhet, and Bardiya from Terai shows the very high vulnerability in every seasons. Central region of Karnali River Basin shows high vulnerability. Pre monsoon, post monsoon, and winter shows the vulnerability ranges from moderate to very high. While the monsoon does not exhibit very high sensitivity meanwhile, the whole KRB exhibits high susceptibility. Under SSP245, coverage of moderate vulnerability is observed to rise during winter and pre monsoon, whereas coverage of high vulnerability is observed to decrease. For instance, moderate vulnerability coverage declines while high vulnerability coverage increases throughout the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons while under SSP585, the vulnerability to winter drought will increase in the future. For the validation of this research, mapping of meteorological drought indices SPI and SPEI have also done, as a result, DVM created by integrating AHP and GIS with less data and secondary data delivers comparable outcomes to real-time data statistics from SPI and SPEI.