bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The US-Mexican Border and Contemporary American Immigration Policy
Authors: Bartnik Anna
Published: February 2023

There have been several periods in American history that are referred to as turbulent times. They were characterized by a wide range of changes that happened to respond to issues that brought anxiety, threat, discontent, or trouble. Donald Trump’s presidency and the Covid‑19 pandemic significantly influenced American immigration policy and the lives of immigrants. The present article pays special attention to the Mexican‑American border. This area plays a crucial role in migration studies focusing on the Americas for at least two reasons: international relations between Mexico (and the Latin American region) and the United States, and homeland security issues related to irregular and regular migrant flows. This study aims to determine what changes have been implemented in border policy, investigate why they occurred, and finally, discuss their results. The article analyzes the most challenging issues characteristic of the situation of unaccompanied minor migrants, the concept of Trump’s wall or the ‘remain in Mexico’ program. The US‑Mexican border studies have played a crucial role in research dedicated to American immigration policy since its inception. Today, it is also an area of concern and special attention is paid to this region due to the dynamics of processes taking place at the border. The work presented here discusses and highlights the most turbulent issues that echoed not only in the United States but also worldwide.
Numerological Heuristics and Credit Risk in Peer-to-Peer Lending
Authors: Hu Maggie Rong , Li Xiaoyang , Shi Yang , Zhang Xiaoquan (Michael)
Published: February 2023

People often use heuristics as mental shortcuts when making financial decisions. Although the literature typically considers heuristics as behavior biases, we explore how different types of heuristics differ from one another. Through peer-to-peer lending data, we observe that borrowers who use limited attention when applying for loans tend to choose round loan amounts, simplifying the decision-making process but compromising accuracy. This round-number heuristic decreases their funding success rate and increases the probability of default. On the other hand, some borrowers select loan amounts in “lucky numbers” that superstitious lenders favor. This lucky-number heuristic caters to the lenders’ preference, thus increasing the borrowers’ funding success rates and reducing the likelihood of default. Our paper demonstrates that borrowers select heuristics based on their motives, leading to varying consequences. We also show that heuristics are not all the same, and people’s choice of heuristics provides insight into their characteristics and can predict decision outcomes. For instance, factoring in heuristic usage information improves default prediction accuracy in our setting. Our findings can be beneficial to practitioners in refining the underwriting and screening of borrowers and loans.
Dog Eat Dog: Balancing Network Effects and Differentiation in a Digital Platform Merger
Authors: Farronato Chiara , Fong Jessica , Fradkin Andrey
Published: February 2023

Network effects are often used to justify platform strategies such as acquisitions and subsidies that aggregate users to a single dominant platform. However, when users have heterogeneous preferences, a single platform may not be as effective as multiple platforms from both a strategic perspective and an antitrust perspective. We study the role of network effects and platform differentiation in the context of a merger between the two largest platforms for pet-sitting services. To obtain causal estimates of network effects, we leverage geographic variation in premerger market shares and employ a difference-in-differences approach. Our results reveal that although users of the acquiring platform benefit from the merger thanks to network effects, those of the acquired platform are comparatively worse off because their preferred option is removed. Network effects and differentiation offset each other such that at the market level, users are not substantially better off with a combined platform than with two separate platforms. These findings have strategic and regulatory implications as well as highlight the importance of platform differentiation even in the presence of network effects.

This paper was accepted by Alfonso Gambardella, business strategy.

Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4675 .
The use of games by nurses in palliative care: a scoping review
Authors: Conceição Gomes Lourenço Marisa da , Fernandes Carla Sílvia , Campos Vale Maria Belém Rego
Published: February 2023

Background: Nursing is at the forefront of palliative care. Games are an innovative strategy in palliative care training. Aims: This study aimed to examine the usefulness of games for nurses in palliative care. Methods: A scoping review was conducted using the following databases: CINAHL and PUBMED (which includes MEDLINE, PsycINFO, SCOPUS and SciELO). The steps outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute were followed. Findings: Of the 685 articles initially identified, 17 were included for analysis. Games used were role-play (n=12), card games (n=1), digital games (n=1), board games (n=1), reflection games (n=1) and experimental games (n=1). Games were aimed at nurses (n=6) and nursing students (n= 1 1). Game advantages included: improved palliative care knowledge, increased communication skills, reduced negative emotions and increased multidisciplinary team skills. Conclusions: Effective and innovative pedagogical techniques are required training techniques for nurses and nursing students who provide palliative care, as they can reduce negative emotions such as fear, anguish and guilt.
Effect of a partnership care programme on quality of life in school-age children with leukaemia: a controlled clinical trial
Authors: Mofidi Afsaneh , Khan Kermanshahi Sima Mohammad , Jaseb Kaveh
Published: February 2023

Background: Despite the low quality of life (QoL) of children with leukaemia, there is a lack of well-designed and culture-oriented care programmes to improve it. The Partnership Care Model (PCM), which was developed based on the Iranian culture, seems to be effective in improving the QoL in children living with chronic diseases. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a care programme based on the PCM on the QoL of children with leukaemia. Methods: This controlled clinical trial encompassed 60 school-age children with leukaemia and their mothers. In the experimental group (n=30), a 2-month care programme was implemented based on the PCM, including the four stages of motivation, preparation, involvement and evaluation. Only standard care was provided to the control group (n=30). Children's QoL was assessed using the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory 3.0 Cancer Module in the pre-test phase and 2 months after the intervention. Findings: The total score of QoL and all its subscales were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group in the post-test phase (p<0.001). Moreover, a significant difference was observed between pre-test and post-test scores in all domains in the experimental group (p<0.001); however, no significant difference was noticed between the scores in the control group. Conclusion: The partnership care programme seems to improve the QoL in children with leukaemia. Future investigations are recommended to shed further light on the findings of this study.
Resourcefulness and stress among hospice and palliative nurses: the role of positive thinking
Authors: Gergis Mary , Bekhet Abir , Kozlowski-Gibson Maria , Hovland Cynthia , Dahlin Constance , Ent Michael , Thoman Joan
Published: February 2023

Background: Among healthcare professionals, hospice and palliative nurses have a high risk of experiencing work stress. However, little attention has been paid to protective factors that could mitigate the impact of daily stressors on hospice and palliative nurses. Aim: This study aimed to determine whether resourcefulness and positive thinking have a negative association with perceived stress among hospice and palliative nurses, and whether positive thinking moderates or mediates the link between resourcefulness and stress among hospice and palliative nurses. Method: A cross-sectional, correlational design was used to address these two aims. Results: A convenience sample of 86 hospice and palliative nurses (95% female) in the US completed an online survey. The results demonstrated that positive thinking and resourcefulness are useful predictors of stress reduction and help mitigate the effects of stress. Positive thinking did not mediate the relationship between resourcefulness and stress. Conclusion: Moderation analysis suggests that social resourcefulness may be especially helpful in reducing stress among hospice and palliative nurses with a low level of positive thinking.
Bağlama icrasında tını estetiği: kuramsal temeller, estetik analiz kodlar ve öğretimsel ilkelerin belirlenmesi
Authors: Benli Yusuf
Published: February 2023

Anadolu müziğinin temel çalgısı olarak kabul edilen bağlamanın binlerce yıllık tarihsel süreçte günümüze aktarımı âşık ve ozanların usta-çırak ilişkisi üzerinden gerçekleşmiştir. Metodlu ve müfredata dayalı bağlama eğitimi ise yaklaşık yarım asırlık birikim ve deneyime sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, bağlamanın tarihsel süreci, öğretimdeki değişim ve gelişim süreci ile çalım teknikleri hakkında genel bilgiler temelinde tezene ile bağlama çalma öğretiminde geçmişten günümüze kadar elde edilen birikim ve deneyim ışığında mevcut bağlama metodlarındaki verilere ek olarak bugüne kadar üzerinde pek durulmayan, eserlerin; estetik bağlama icrasının temel bileşenleri, ses estetiği çalım tekniği, tını estetiği ve estetik terminolojik terimler üzerinden bağlama öğretimine yeni bir bakış açısı kazandırılması amaçlanmıştır. Duyusal güzelliği kendine konu edinmiş estetik biliminin kuramlarından hareket ile Türk Halk Müziği’nde bağlama özelinde ideal ses tınısını elde etme amacıyla geleceğin bağlama eğitimine disiplinler arası bir yaklaşımla ışık tutulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bağlamada ses etetiği çalım tekniğinin kuramsal temelleri oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada temel amaç olan tını estetiği ve sanatsal iletişim üzerinden bir bağlama eğitim metodunda verilecek türkülerin veya ezgilerin “ses estetiği çalım tekniği” ile elde edilecek estetik ses tınısının teknik boyutu örnek bir eserin estetik bileşenleri üzerinden gösterilerek ele alınmış, estetik icra için yeni terminolojik terimlere yer verilmiştir. Bununla birlikte örnek türkülerin ve ezgilerin sanatsal iletişim bağlamında müziksel ve edebi özellikleri üzerinde durulması ve müzik ontolojisi bağlamında eserin varoluş anlamının çözümlenmesinin estetik icra algısının oluşturulmasına katkısı vurgulanmıştır. Ses estetiği çalım tekniğine örnek eser ve icracıların icralarına dikkat çekilip yönlendirme yapılarak ses estetiği çalım tekniği hakkında öğrencinin duyum farkındalığının geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Araştırmada, konuya ilişkin arşiv, kaynak taraması ve gözlem yapılarak elde edilen veriler betimsel olarak açıklanıp sonuçları bulgularda ortaya konulmuştur. Sonuç olarak tını estetiği ve estetik bağlama icrasının temel bileşenleri içeriği ile hazırlanacak bağlama metodlarının, bağlama öğretimi yapılan bütün kamu ve özel kurumlarda öğrencilerin estetik icraya dair algısının oluşturulması amacına katkı sunacağı, bağlamanın eğitim sürecine yeni bir boyut kazandıracağı öngörülmüştür. Ayrıca tını estetiğinin bağlama icrasına yansıtılmasının sonucu olarak bağlamadan daha özel ses tınılarının elde edileceği ve toplumun müzik beğenisinde pozitif yönde bir değişime yol açacağı öngörülmüştür.
A permanent inequality for positive semidefinite matrices
Authors: Paksoy Vehbi E.
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we prove an inequality involving the permanent of a positive semidefinite matrix and its leading submatrices. We obtain a result in the similar spirit of Bapat-Sunder per-max conjecture.
AVALIAÇÃO DE IMPACTO AMBIENTAL DO SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL NO BRASIL: reflexões para o futuro do licenciamento ambiental no contexto da privatização do saneamento
Authors: Freitas Brandão Izabel , Lucia Casteli Figueiredo Gallardo Amarilis
Published: February 2023

Um projeto de lei, recentemente aprovado no congresso federal e encaminhado ao Senado, pode modificar o licenciamento do saneamento ambiental. O objetivo deste trabalho é explorar a evolução das legislações de avaliação de impacto ambiental para sistemas de saneamento ambiental de modo a fornecer subsídios técnicos ao novo marco do licenciamento ambiental no contexto de privatização do saneamento. Este estudo bibliográfico e documental analisa normas e resoluções representativas do quadro legal aplicável às questões ambientais e hídricas. Os resultados indicam que o Brasil possui amplo escopo legal em matéria ambiental e de recursos hídricos fundamental para garantir diretrizes para licenciar projetos potencialmente degradadores, como são os sistemas de esgoto sanitário e abastecimento de água. Ainda que se vislumbre um cenário de aumento desses projetos pelo novo marco legal de saneamento básico, o novo marco do licenciamento surpreende negativamente ao exclui-los do rol de iniciativas submetidas à avaliação de impacto ambiental.
TIPOLOGIAS DE COPRODUÇÃO DO BEM PÚBLICO: estado da arte e agenda de pesquisa
Authors: Gouveia Júnior Antonio , Carlos Viana Bezerra Joacil , Eduardo Cavalcante Carlos
Published: February 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o estado da arte sobre as tipologias de coprodução do bem público e como estas podem ser utilizadas no ciclo de políticas públicas. A pesquisa utilizou como método a Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) e os estudos selecionados foram analisados na íntegra via análise de conteúdo categorial, visando identificar diferentes tipos de coprodução. A análise dos estudos teve foco nas seguintes categorias: objetivo do estudo, tipologias de coprodução e principais resultados. Os resultados mostram a variedade e complexidade dos modelos de coprodução, bem como não haver um modelo ou tipologia única para coprodução. Estudar os tipos de coprodução é relevante na compreensão do processo coprodutivo e suas consequências. Conhecer as tipologias pode ser útil aos gestores, uma vez que permite selecionar aquelas alinhadas aos objetivos propostos pela Administração Pública, funcionando como uma estratégia de gestão e contribuindo para melhorias no ciclo das políticas públicas.
FINANCIAMENTO INDIRETO, ADESÃO A PARCELAMENTOS PREVIDENCIÁRIOS E AS CONSEQUÊNCIAS À PREVIDÊNCIA SOCIAL
Authors: Silva Roberta Cristina , De Almeida Santos Fernando , Pinto da Fonseca Francisco César , Piacente Fabrício José
Published: February 2023

A prática de financiamento indireto por meio das contribuições previdenciárias conjuntamente à expectativa quanto ao lançamento dos planos de recuperação fiscal, são motivadores deste artigo. A pesquisa objetivou verificar se os aderentes ao Plano Especial de Regularização Tributária-PERT/2017 apresentavam dificuldades financeiras ao recolhimento tempestivo. O programa abrange 184.547 concessões e montante devedor de R$ 9.550.498.343,03. A investigação contemplou as cem empresas com os maiores débitos previdenciários e ocorreu mediante as receitas auferidas e os resultados apurados pelas empresas em momento próximo ao PERT/2017 entre 2014 e 2018. Como ferramentas metodológicas estão a Curva ABC e a Análise de Conglomerados. A prática de financiamento indireto foi constatada, pois 71% das empresas auferiram receitas significativas, e 51% resultaram em lucro. Como contribuição, a pesquisa traz uma reflexão quanto ao tratamento igualitário aos inadimplentes, cujos perfis são muito discrepantes.
PARQUES DE CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA COMO NÚCLEO DA QUÁDRUPLA HÉLICE: uma proposta para o desenvolvimento regional de Mato Grosso - Brasil
Authors: Barbosa Leite Diogo , Marcelo Faustino da Silva Carlos , Tomaz Caires Ricardo , Stefani Teixeira Clarissa , Augusto Biz Alexandre
Published: February 2023

Os parques de ciência e tecnologia são estruturas para promoção do desenvolvimento regional a partir da interação entre atores da inovação. Por meio do estabelecimento de fluxos de conhecimento, que subsidiam a criação de inovações, atuam como núcleo da quádrupla hélice entre universidade, empresa, governo e sociedade nos ecossistemas de inovação. Este estudo teve como objetivo propor ações para o desenvolvimento do Parque Tecnológico Mato Grosso a partir do modelo de quádrupla hélice. Empregou-se uma estratégia de estudo de caso, que contou com pesquisa documental, realização de entrevistas em profundidade e um grupo focal. Os dados foram interpretados a partir de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram a ausência de um “jogador forte” para o estabelecimento de um ecossistema de inovação no território. Para isso, algumas ações foram sugeridas considerando os aspectos da região, de modo a permitir ao parque consolidar uma ação mais integrada entre os membros da quádrupla hélice.
Editorial Edição V.39, n.116
Authors: G&R Editoria
Published: February 2023

Editorial G&R
Analisa ekonomi budidaya kerapu macan (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) dan kerapu bebek (Cromileptes altivelis) dalam keramba jaring apung di Indonesia
Authors: Afero Farok
Published: February 2023

Abstract. This study presents an economic analysis of tiger and humpback grouper at different production scales in Indonesia. The results highlight the nonviability of small scale tiger grouper, with a 5 years projected negative cumulative cash flow of – Rp. 18.102.650 and a negative net present value (NPV) of – Rp. 22.059.576. An increasing production scale of tiger grouper highlight a marginal viability for medium scale (with a 5 year projected cumulative cash flow of Rp. 198.320.673 and a positive NPV of Rp. 105.578.440; with a benefit cost ratio of 1,25; an internal rate of return (IRR) of 88%; and a payback period of 0,99 year), and an economically viable of large scale cage culture (with a 5 year projected cumulative cash of Rp. 707.746.923; a NPV of Rp.406.801.749; a benefit cost ratio of 1,33;an internal rate of return of 157%;and a payback period of 0,57 year). The economic analysis of humpback grouper atdifferent production scales highlight positive cumulative cash, a positive NPV,a benefit cost ratio higher than 2, an internal rate of return over 300% and apayback period of less than one year. A sensitivity analysis revealed thatincreased survival rate up to 80% would increase cumulative cash and NPV ofsmall scale tiger grouper cage culture. Additionally, improved profitabilityperformance was associated with decreased major production costs, increasedproduction and price of the product.
Pengaruh salinitas dan daya apung terhadap daya tetas telur ikan bandeng, Chanos-chanos
Authors: Karina Sofyatuddin , R Rizwan , K Khairunnisak
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The objective of this research was to study the influence of salinity and buoyancy on hatchability of milkfish eggs (Chanos-chanos). The completely random design was used this study. Two factors i.e. salinity and buoyancy were tested where the salinity with three levels oncentration; 16, 23 and 30 ppt, while the buoyancy with three egg buoyancy categories i.e. floating, drifting and sinking with three replicates respectively. The result showed that the hatchability of floating eggs in tested salinities were 76,7% ; 78,75% ; 91,7%, for 16, 23 and 30 ppt, respectively. Then drifting eggs were 65,3%; 67,0%; 77,0% and sinking eggs were 54,0% ; 55,3% ; 65,0% for 16, 23 and 30 ppt, respectively. In generally, the hatchability was increased with increasing of salinity. In addition, the hatchability of the floating eggs was higher than the sinking eggs. Keyword: Salinity, buoyancy, hatchability, milkfish.
Aplikasi model hidrologi HBV di DAS Peusangan Aceh sebagai studi pengantar pengembangan konsep ekohidrologi berkelanjutan
Authors: Ilhamsyah Yopi , Koem Syahrizal , Syahid Muttaqin Andi
Published: February 2023

Abstract. A study of HBV hydrological model in Peusangan watershed Aceh as a preface study to the development of sustainable ecohydrological concept was done. The objective of the study was to apply and to test the HBV subtropical model into a tropical region Peusangan watershed. Peusangan watershed, situated in northern Aceh, covers an area of 2268.39 km2 and 128 km in length. The HBV model was manually calibrated by trial adjustment of each parameter to obtain the appropriate physical characteristics of Peusangan watershed. The result showed that the model was nearly consistent with the observation data. In fact, the correlation and error bias of the model were 0.623 and 0.11, respectively. However, the weakness of the model reported in the study is due to the coverage of the weather station data whi ch locate far in the downstream of Peusangan watershed. In the meantime, both of model result and observation showed a good agreement to catch the peakflow of Peusangan watershed. The two peakflow arise on May and October which were 212 m3dt-1 and 250 m3dt-1, respectively.Keywords. HBV Hydrological model, Peusangan watershed, peakflow
Kondisi arus pasang surut di perairan pesisir kota Makassar , Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Arifin Taslim , Y Yulius , Furqon Azis Ismail Muhammad
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Numerical hydrodynamics model MOHID based on General Ocean Turbulence Model formula was used to study the tidal current in Makassar waters. The data used in this model are tidal elevation and bathymetry data from GEBCO. The tidal current simulation was conducted for 30 days. Model simulation results show that the tidal current velocity ranged between 0,001 m/s – 0,012 m/s. The current velocity during neap tide is smaller than the velocity during spring tide. The pattern of tidal current in Makassar waters is dominantly flows towards westward and then turned heading northward direction. The simulation result of tide-induced residual current in verification point shows that the flows is ebb-dominant at a rate of 0,005 m/s heading westward direction.
Komunitas fitoplankton di daerah estuaria Krueng Aceh, Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Jannah Raudhatul , A. Muchlisin Zainal
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The study on the phytoplankton community in estuary area of Aceh River was done from August to October 2006. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the structure of the phytoplankton community in Aceh River post tsunami. Explorative survey was done at three sampling sites along the river. Sampling sites were determinated based on salinity zoning; 30 ppt, 18-30 ppt and 5-18 ppt. The results show that higher diversity of the phytoplankton was found at sampling site 1, while the lower diversity was recorded at sampling site 3. There were no dominancy of species at all of sampling locatios. Diversity index was ranged between 0.95 to 0.98 and its mean that the diversity is higher at all of stations, while similarity between station 1 and 2 was higher compared to others stations.There was no difference in division composition of phytoplankton post tsunami, however, the total species was increased post tsunami.Keywords: Abundance, diversity index, similarity index, and tsunami
Isolasi dan karakterisasi bakteri berpotensi probiotik pada ikan kembung (Rastrelliger sp.)
Authors: Dewi Safrida Yuni , Yulvizar Cut , Nanda Devira Cut
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Probiotics bacteria are beneficial microbes to improve microbial balance in the digestive tract. The objective of the research was to isolate and characterize of potential probiotic bacteria in mackerel fish (Rastrelliger sp.). The research was done from April to August 2012 at Laboratory of Microbiology Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh. Isolation and characterization used dilution and scratches quadrant methods. The result showed that there were five potential isolates of probiotic bacteria varied morphological colony and cell. The isolate have circular form (100%), entire margin (80%), flat (60%), cream color (40%), gram positive bacteria (80%), coccus shape (100%) and non motile (60%).Keywords: Probiotics, Rastrelliger sp., isolation, digestive and characterization
Efektivitas alat tangkap ikan lemuru di Kabupaten Kotabaru, Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Iriana Dulmi’ad , M. A. Khan Alexander , Rostika Rita , Simpati Sriati , S Sunarto
Published: February 2023

Abstract. This research was conducted on the east coast of Kotabaru District, South Kalimantan on October  to November 2011 using survey methods and literatures review. Primary data obtained by direct observation at research location and performing direct interview with various parties; like fishermen, ship owner, TPI officials and other stakeholders in Kotabaru. The result of direct interview obtained that fishing gear to Tembang Fish (including Lemuru) are lift net and mini purse seine. Based on Standardization Efforts formula the most effective fishing gear for catching Lemuru in Kotabaru District is Purse Seine. Socialization needed to fishers that the recommended tool for catching lemuru in Kotabaru District is the purse seine with fishing fleet size 3 GT – 10 GT.Keywords: fishing gear, lemuru fish, Kotabaru, purse seine
Inventarisasi tumbuhan air di Kebun Raya Cibodas
Authors: Ridwan Nurdiana Dian
Published: February 2023

Abstrak. Kebun Raya Cibodas merupakan kawasan konservasi ex situ yang terletak di Cagar Biosfer Cibodas Jawa Barat. Sebagai bagian dari Cagar Biosfer Cibodas, Kebun Raya Cibodas berfungsi sebagai konservasi, penelitian, pariwisata dan pendidikan. Penelitian inventarisasi tumbuhan air bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi jenis tumbuhan air yang tumbuh di kawasan Kebun Raya Cibodas. Penelitian inventarisasi tumbuhan air dilakukan dengan metode eksplorasi pada 6 lokasi di Kebun Raya Cibodas dan pengumpulan specimen tumbuhan air untuk identifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kategori tumbuhan air emergent plants merupakan tumbuhan air yang paling banyak ditemukan di Kebun Raya Cibodas dan lokasi terbanyak ditemukan jenis tumbuhan air adalah lokasi 4 yaitu sebanyak 29 jenis tumbuhan air.Kata kunci: Tumbuhan air, Kebun Raya Cibodas
Catatan Penelitian: Persepsi nelayan terhadap kebijakan subsidi perikanan dan konservasi di Kabupaten Aceh Besar, Provinsi Aceh
Authors: A. Muchlisin Zainal , Fadli Nur , M. Nasution Arifsyah , Astuti Rika
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The objective of the present study was to collect information of fishermen perceptions  in Aceh Besar district. The study was conducted from June to August 2012, while the field survey conducted on 21 to 28 June 2012 at some fishing villages in Aceh Besar district namely: (a) Baitussalam and Mesjid, (b) Peukan Bada, (c) Leupung, Lhoknga and Lhoong, (d) Pulo Aceh, (e) Seulimum. The Results showed that most of  respondents were  in the productive age (31-45 years).  The majority of the respondents have recieved subsidies from a variety of sources both government and non-governmental organizations. The common type of subsidy were in the form of goods (in kinds) namely: boats, fishing gear and boat engines, and small portion in cash. In addition, the majority of fishermen stated that the type of assistance provided was in accordance with their needs as fishermen and most fishermen are still expected that fisheries subsidies should be continued. In regard to environmental  and conservation issues that  most fishermen agreed with the conservation area in the district of Aceh Besar. However, most of the respondents stated that they have not been involved in conservation activities. The fishermen need training in fishing technology, post harvest and conservation.Keywords: Habitat degradation, fish, skills and capital
Pengelolaan sumberdaya kelautan dan perikanan berbasis wilayah pengelolaan perikanan (WPP) dengan memanfaatan WebGIS
Authors: R. Suhelmi Ifan , . Yulius , Purbani Dini
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Management of marine and fisheries resources should consider the carrying capacity and assimilation capability of marine and fisheries resources. The minister regulation Number 1 year 2009 concerning the division of fisheries management zone into 11 zone (WPP) is an effort in managing of marine and fisheries resources. This study was aimed to: (1) Update base map and information at WPP and (2) Aplication of WebGIS technology to manage marine and fisheries resources. The collection data as spatial database, Geographic Information System was used to analyze the data and the presentation of information as Web GIS format. The Results of this research was data and information associated with fishing management zone (WPP) in the form of spatial database in WebGIS format.Keywords: WPP; Marine and Fisheries Resources; Web GIS
Perkembangan hasil tangkapan per upaya dan pola musim penangkapan ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) di Perairan Prigi, Provinsi JawaTimur
Authors: Setiyawan Agus , Tri Haryuni Setiya , . Wijopriono
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Skipjack fishing activity in Prigi waters east java at fishing groud of WPP 573 mostly used purse seine and troll line.The aims of the study was to evaluate the fluctuation cacth per unit effort and catch sesaons of  skipjack in Prigi waters as  primary comodity big pelagic yield.. Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) and IMP were calculated from primary data using vessel trips at port office and secondary data from statistic atPPN Prigi years 2000 – 2011to due analysis with using regretion and microsoft excel. Result showed  value of CPUE higher at 2002 year is 27,9 ton/year and lower at 2001 year is 0,5 ton/year with season pattern that occured higher catch that occured at Juni – Juli and September – Nopember, the peak season at September while famine season that occured at Januari – Mei, Agustus and December.Key words : Pattern Season; Effort; Cakalang; Prigi Waters Abstrak. Kegiatan penangkapan ikan Cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) di Perairan Prigi Jawa Timur, daerah penangkapan WPP 573,sebagian besar menggunakan alat tangkap pukat cincin dan pancing tonda.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perkembangan hasil tangkapan per upaya penangkapan dan pola musim yang terjadi di Perairan Prigi khususnya pada perikanan cakalang yang menjadi komoditi utama hasil pelagis besar. Nilai Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE)dan Indeks Musim Penangkapan didapatkan dari data primer dari data trip kapal di syahbandar dan data sekunder berupa data statistik Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Prigi dari tahun 2000 – 2011 yang dilakukan analisis dengan menggunakan regresi sederhana dan menggunakan microsoft excel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai CPUE tertinggi terjadi pada tahun 2002 sebesar 27,9 ton/tahun serta terendah pada tahun 2001 sebesar 0,5 ton/tahun dengan pola musim yaitu hasil tangkapan tinggi/musim tangkapterjadi pada bulan Juni – Juli dan September – Nopember, musim puncak penangkapan terjadi pada bulan September sedangkan musim paceklik terjadi pada bulan  Januari – Mei , Agustus dan Desember.Kata kunci : Pola musim; Upaya; Cakalang; Perairan Prigi
Kebiasaan makan dan komposisi makanan tiga species cumi (Loligo edulis, Sepioteuthis lessoniana dan Sepia officinalis) hasil tangkapan nelayan dari Perairan Pantai Utara Provinsi Aceh
Authors: Ismail Taufiq , A. Muchlisin Zainal , Fadli Nur , Setiawan Ichsan
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the feeding habits of three species of squids i.e. Loligo sp. Sepioteuthis lessoniana dan Sepia officinalis which were caught in the northern sea of Aceh. The sampling was conducted from April  to May 2013 in TPI lampulo, Banda Aceh. The results showed that three type of foods were recorded on the Loligo sp. i.e. fish (75.1%), shrimp (20.5%) and squid (4.4%); in the S. officinalis stomach was fish (89.9%), shrimp (10%) and crab (0.29); while inthe S. lessoniana stomach was fish (99.9%) and worm (0.1%). Hence the squids were categorized as carnivorous feeding habit where small fish and shrimp were the primary food for the squids. Keywords: Food; Fish; Shrimp; Carnivorous;  Abstrak.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebiasaan makan dan komposisi makanan tiga species cumi hasil tangkapan nelayan dari perairan  pantai Utara Provinsi Aceh mulai April sampai Mei 2013.  Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode penarikan contoh secara acak sederhana yaitu dengan mengambil sampel secara acak yang mewakili semua ukuran cumi yang ad. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis makanan yang dijumpai pada lambung Loligo edulis adalah ikan (75,1%), udang (20,5%) dan cumi (4,4%); pada lambung Sepia offisinalis  diperoleh jenis makanan;  ikan (89,9%), udang (10%) dan kepiting (0,29%;)  dan pada Sepioteuthis lessoniana  ikan (99,9%) dan cacing (0,1%). Sehingga dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ketiga species yang diteliti karnivora dengan ikan-ikan kecil dan udang sebagai makanan utama.Kata kunci: Makanan, Ikan; Udang; Karnivora
Struktur vertikal upwelling – downwelling di Samudera Hindia Selatan Jawa hingga Selatan Bali berdasarkan salinitas musiman periode 2004 – 2010
Authors: Wardani Restu , S Pranowo Widodo , Indrayanti Elis
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Salinity plays an important role for phenomenon identification of upwelling and downwelling. Upwelling that occurs in the Indian Ocean south of Java to South of Bali is influenced by monsoons, ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation) and IOD (Indian Dipole Oscillation Mode). Upwelling and downwelling patterns based on vertical structure of salinity and its seasonal variability within seven years (2004 to 2010) is studied here. Argo Float dataset is used in this study, processed by Ferret software for a vertical schematic model, and Pearson correlated with IOD and SOI indexes. The aim of this study is to  obtain the pattern of upwelling and downwelling based on profile of seasonal salinity during the period 2004-2010 in Indian Ocean south of Java – Bali and correlated with ENSO and IOD.  Further discussion on upwellling is provided since it is more important to the fisheries activity. Result shows an intensive upwelling phenomenon occurs at 110°E correlated with fishing ground area. ENSO and IOD phenomena has been founded also affect upwelling. Upwelling increasing in intensity during the La Nina - IOD (+). The upwelling is negative linear correlated with SOI(-0,89643), but its positive linear correlated with IOD (+0,798168).Keywords : vVrtical structure salinity; Seasonal upwelling; Indian Ocean; South Java-Bali Seas. Abstrak. Salinitas berperan penting untuk mengidentifikasi fenomena upwelling dan downwelling. Upwelling yang terjadi di samudera Hindia Selatan Jawa hingga Selatan Bali dipengaruhi oleh angin musim, ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation) dan IOD (Indian Oscillation Dipole Mode). Dalam peneletian ini dikaji pola upwelling dan downwelling berdasarkan distribusi salinitas secara vertikal dan vaeriabilitas musiman dikaji dalam waktu tujuh tahun (2004 – 2010). Data hasil akuisisi argo float digunakan dalam penelitian ini, diolah menggunakan software Ferret selanjutnya dilakukan  pembuatan model skematik  dan analisa korelasi pearson terhadap Indeks IOD dan SOI. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memperoleh pola upwelling dan downwelling terhadap musim berdasarkan profil salinitas selama periode 2004 – 2010 di Samudera Hindia Selatan Jawa hingga Bali dan hubungannya dengan fenomena ENSO dan IOD.Penelitian lebih lanjut tentang upwelling penting untuk industri perikanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Fenomena upwelling secara intensif terjadi pada koordinat bujur 110°BT, menunujukkan adanya kesesuaian dengan lokasi daerah penangkapan ikan. Fenomena ENSO dan IOD juga mempengaruhi upwelling, intensitasnya meningkat saat periode La Nina-IOD (+). Upwelling berkorelasi negatif terhadap SOI (-0,89643), sedangkan  upwelling berkorelasi posetif dengan IOD (+0,798168).Kata Kunci: Struktur vertikal salinitas; Upwelling musiman; Samudera Hindia; Laut Selatan Jawa-Bali
Optimized intensity-modulated type PTS-based PAPR reduction scheme for intensity-modulated direct-detection optical OFDM systems
Authors: Ji Ruhai , Liu Bo , Ren Jianxin , Mao Yaya , Wu Xiangyu , Wu YongFeng , Zhao LiLong , Sun TingTing , Ullah Rahat
Published: February 2023

High peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the signal is a major drawback in optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. In this paper, an intensity-modulated type Partial Transmit Sequences (PTS) based scheme is proposed and applied to the intensity-modulated OFDM (IMDD-OFDM) system. The proposed intensity-modulated type PTS (IM-PTS) scheme ensures that the time-domain signal output by the algorithm is real value. What’s more, the complexity of the IM-PTS scheme has been reduced without much performance penalty. A simulation is performed to compare the PAPR of different signal. In the simulation, the PAPR of OFDM signal is reduced from 14.5 dB to 9.4 dB at 10−4 probability. We also compare the simulation results with another algorithm based on the PTS principle. A transmission experiment is conducted in a seven-core fiber IMDD-OFDM system at a rate of 100.8Gbit/s. The Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) of received signal is reduced from 9 to 8 at -9.4dBm received optical power. Furthermore, the experiment result shows that the reduction of complexity has little performance impact. The optimized intensity-modulated type PTS (O-IM-PTS) scheme effectively increases the tolerance of the nonlinear effect of the optical fiber and reduces the requirement for linear operating range of optical device in the transmission system. During the upgrade process of the access network, there is no need to replace the optical device in the communication system. What’s more, the complexity of PTS algorithm has been reduced, which lower data processing performance requirements of the devices such as ONU and OLT. As a result, the cost of network upgrades is reduced a lot.
Intracavity-loss controlled wavelength-tunable bidirectional mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser
Authors: Dai Lilong , Huang Zinan , Huang Qianqian , Al Araimi Mohammed , Rozhin Aleksey , Liang Xindong , Mou Chengbo
Published: February 2023

Bidirectional wavelength-tunable mode-locked fiber lasers have demands for many applications. In our experiment, two frequency combs from a single bidirectional carbon nanotube mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser are obtained. Continuous wavelength tuning is demonstrated in the bidirectional ultrafast erbium-doped fiber laser for the first time. We utilized the microfiber assisted differential loss-control effect on both directions to tune operation wavelength and it presents different wavelength tuning performances in two directions. Correspondingly, the repetition rate difference can be tuned from 98.6 Hz to 32 Hz by applying strain on microfiber within 23 µm stretching length. In addition, a minor repetition rate difference variation of 4.5 Hz is achieved. Such technique may provide possibility to expand wavelength range of dual-comb spectroscopy and broad its application fields.
Polarimetric imaging of back-scattered terahertz speckle fields using a portable scanner
Authors: Xu Kuangyi , Harris Zachery B. , Arbab M. Hassan
Published: February 2023

Speckle patterns observed in coherent optical imaging reflect important characteristic information of the scattering object. To capture speckle patterns, angular resolved or oblique illumination geometries are usually employed in combination with Rayleigh statistical models. We present a portable and handheld 2-channel polarization-sensitive imaging instrument to directly resolve terahertz (THz) speckle fields in a collocated telecentric back-scattering geometry. The polarization state of the THz light is measured using two orthogonal photoconductive antennas and can be presented in the form of the Stokes vectors of the THz beam upon interaction with the sample. We report on the validation of the method in surface scattering from gold-coated sandpapers, demonstrating a strong dependence of the polarization state on the surface roughness and the frequency of the broadband THz illumination. We also demonstrate non-Rayleigh first-order and second-order statistical parameters, such as degree of polarization uniformity (DOPU) and phase difference, for quantifying the randomness of polarization. This technique provides a fast method for broadband THz polarimetric measurement in the field and has the potential for detecting light depolarization in applications ranging from biomedical imaging to non-destructive testing.
C-Band optical 90-degree hybrid using thin film lithium niobate
Authors: Tan Heyun , Wang Jing , Ke Wei , Zhang Xian , Zhao Zikai , Lin Zhongjin , Cai Xinlun
Published: February 2023

The integrated optical 90-degree hybrid is a crucial component for coherent receivers. Here, we simulate and fabricate a 4 × 4 multimode interference coupler as a 90-degree hybrid using thin film lithium niobate (TFLN). The device features low loss (0.37 dB), high common mode rejection ratio (over 22 dB), compact footprint, and small phase error (below 2°) within the whole C-band experimentally, which is promising for integration with coherent modulators and photodetectors for TFLN-based high-bandwidth optical coherent transceivers.
Generation of synthetic tympanic membrane images: Development, human validation, and clinical implications of synthetic data
Authors: Suresh Krish , Cohen Michael S. , Hartnick Christopher J. , Bartholomew Ryan A. , Lee Daniel J. , Crowson Matthew G.
Published: February 2023

Synthetic clinical images could augment real medical image datasets, a novel approach in otolaryngology–head and neck surgery (OHNS). Our objective was to develop a generative adversarial network (GAN) for tympanic membrane images and to validate the quality of synthetic images with human reviewers. Our model was developed using a state-of-the-art GAN architecture, StyleGAN2-ADA. The network was trained on intraoperative high-definition (HD) endoscopic images of tympanic membranes collected from pediatric patients undergoing myringotomy with possible tympanostomy tube placement. A human validation survey was administered to a cohort of OHNS and pediatrics trainees at our institution. The primary measure of model quality was the Frechet Inception Distance (FID), a metric comparing the distribution of generated images with the distribution of real images. The measures used for human reviewer validation were the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) for humans’ ability to discern synthetic from real images. Our dataset comprised 202 images. The best GAN was trained at 512x512 image resolution with a FID of 47.0. The progression of images through training showed stepwise “learning” of the anatomic features of a tympanic membrane. The validation survey was taken by 65 persons who reviewed 925 images. Human reviewers demonstrated a sensitivity of 66%, specificity of 73%, and AUC of 0.69 for the detection of synthetic images. In summary, we successfully developed a GAN to produce synthetic tympanic membrane images and validated this with human reviewers. These images could be used to bolster real datasets with various pathologies and develop more robust deep learning models such as those used for diagnostic predictions from otoscopic images. However, caution should be exercised with the use of synthetic data given issues regarding data diversity and performance validation. Any model trained using synthetic data will require robust external validation to ensure validity and generalizability.
The impact of social violence on HIV risk for women in Colombia: A concurrent mixed methods study
Authors: Correa-Salazar Catalina , Braverman-Bronstein Ariela , Bilal Usama , Groves Ali K. , Page Kathleen R. , Amon Joseph J. , Vera Alejandra , Ballesteros Laura , Martínez-Donate Ana
Published: February 2023

Gender, violence, and migration structurally impact health. The Venezuelan humanitarian crisis comprises the largest transnational migration in the history of the Americas. Colombia, a post-conflict country, is the primary recipient of Venezuelans. The Colombian context imposes high levels of violence on women across migration phases. There is little information on the relationship between violence and HIV risk in the region and how it impacts these groups. Evidence on how to approach the HIV response related to Venezuela’s humanitarian crisis is lacking. Our study seeks to 1) understand how violence is associated with newly reported HIV/AIDS case rates for women in Colombian municipalities; and 2) describe how social violence impacts HIV risk, treatment, and prevention for Venezuelan migrant and refugee women undergoing transnational migration and resettlement in Colombia. We conducted a concurrent mixed-methods design. We used negative binomial models to explore associations between social violence proxied by Homicide Rates (HR) at the municipality level (n = 84). The also conducted 54 semi-structured interviews with Venezuelan migrant and refugee women and key informants in two Colombian cities to expand and describe contextual vulnerabilities to HIV risk, prevention and care related to violence. We found that newly reported HIV cases in women were 25% higher for every increase of 18 homicides per 100,000, after adjusting for covariates. Upon resettlement, participants cited armed actors’ control, lack of government accountability, gender-based violence and stigmatization of HIV as sources of increased HIV risk for VMRW. These factors impose barriers to testing, treatment and care. Social violence in Colombian municipalities is associated with an increase in newly reported HIV/AIDS case rates in women. Violence hinders Venezuelan migrant and refugee women’s access and engagement in available HIV prevention and treatment interventions.