bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caries prevalence of the first permanent molars in 6–8 years old children
Authors: Zhu Fudong , Chen Yao , Yu Yunxian , Xie Yanyi , Zhu Haihua , Wang Huiming
Published: January 2021

Dental caries is one of the most common infectious diseases affecting 6–8-year-old children, especially their first permanent molars (FPMs). This study explored the prevalence of dental caries on FPMs by analyzing the oral health status of 1,423,720 children aged 6–8 years in Zhejiang Province, China. The data were extracted from the dental electronic records of the schoolchildren attending the Oral Health Promotion Project (OHPP), conducted during 2013–2017 in Zhejiang Province. Multiple logistic regression models were used to determine the factors affecting dental caries. Boys and girls accounted for 53.2% and 46.8% of the subjects, respectively. From 2013 to 2017, the prevalence of dental caries on FPMs increased: 2013: 20.4%; 2014: 25.3%; 2015: 24.5%; 2016: 27.0%; and 2017: 29.0%, despite the OHPP conducted. Based on multiple logistic regression model, girls had a significantly higher risk of FPM caries compared to boys (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.37–1.39, p < 0.0001); compared with the caries rates in urban areas, the caries risk was significantly higher in rural areas (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.14–1.16, p < 0.0001). In terms of geographic location in Zhejiang Province, the odds ratios of the caries risk of the east, south, west, and north were 1.35 (1.33–1.36), 1.3 (1.28–1.31), 0.81 (0.8–0.83), and 0.82 (0.81–0.84), respectively (p < 0.0001), by considering the central region as a reference. The caries prevalence of FPMs was high, with an increasing tendency and gender, social, cultural, and environmental factors affecting the caries prevalence.
The value of technical characteristics for future performance in youth tennis players: A prospective study
Authors: Kolman Nikki S. , Huijgen Barbara C. H. , Visscher Chris , Elferink-Gemser Marije T.
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study is to examine whether technical characteristics predict current and future tennis performance of youth tennis players. Twenty-nine male youth tennis players (age 13.40 ± .51) were assessed on anthropometrical characteristics (height, weight, maturity status) and technical characteristics (ball speed, accuracy and percentage errors) using an on-court tennis test when they were under-14 (U14). Game situations were simulated, which were either fixed or variable. The variable game situations required players to consider the direction of the ball, as opposed to the fixed game situations where players needed to play every ball to the same side. Players’ tennis ratings were obtained U14 (‘current performance’) and under-18 (U18) (‘future performance’). According to their rating U18 players were classified as future elite (n = 9) or future competitive (n = 20). A multiple linear regression analysis showed that ball speed and accuracy were significant predictors of current and future performance (p < .001), with R2 of .595 and .463, respectively. When controlling for age, a one-way MANCOVA revealed that future elite players were more accurate than future competitive players (p = .048, 95% CI [.000 to .489]), especially in variable compared to fixed game situations (p < .05). In conclusion, the current study is the first to show that technical characteristics are crucial for current as well as future performance in youth male tennis players. Findings of this prospective study provide essential information to coaches about characteristics that require most attention in performance development in youth players.
Foreigners in the Cities of the Tobolsk Province: Approaches to Analyzing Data from the First General Population Census of the Russian Empire in 1897
Authors: Bryukhanova E.A. , Nezhentseva N.V.
Published: January 2021

The cities of Siberia at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries were a complex socio-cultural and economic phenomenon, a feature of which was the presence in it not only of "traditional" urban estates, but also of other social groups such as military Cossacks or foreigners. Despite the abundant historiography of both cities and Siberian indigenous peoples of the period under review, the study of foreigners in cities was not carried out. But in order to form a comprehensive idea of the social structure of Siberian cities, it is necessary to study all groups of the population. The paper presents the analysis of the data of the First general population census of the Russian Empire of 1897 on the socio-demographic and professional composition of foreigners living in the cities of the Tobolsk province. The analysis of the 1897 census materials made it possible to distinguish several trends characteristic of foreigners in the cities of the Tobolsk province. Such trends included: self-determination of representatives of many nationalities of Siberian foreigners to the peasant class; seasonal employment of foreigners in urban services; settlement of some foreigners in cities such as Berezov, Tobolsk, Tara. It is noted that the indicated phenomena were characteristic of people in the "rural state," which included foreigners, and determined the general directions of the socio-economic development of the region.
Ceramic Complex of the Early Iron Age Settlement of Allak 1
Authors: Kazakov A.A. , Stepanova N.F.
Published: January 2021

The article deals with ceramic complex of the Early Iron Age settlement Allak 1. The authors have studied the design of corollas, ornaments, conducted technical and technological analysis and divided the complex into 2 groups. One of them relates to the Kamenskaya archaeological culture, the second to the group of ceramics of the second stage of the Novosibirsk version of the Kulaiskaya archaeological culture. The second group of ceramics is characterized by vessels with flat corollas cut inside, having small thickenings both on the outside and on the inside, decorated with elements of ornament not found on the ceramics of the Kamenskaya culture (the imprint of the corner of the spatula, etc.), making up ornamental compositions of several ornamental lines, which also have not been found on the Kamenskaya ceramics. Groups also differ by the source raw material. Finds of ceramics from the second group indicate the penetration of the Kulaiskaya culture population into the territory of the forest-steppe Altai. The obtained data supplemented the ideas about the initial settlement of the forest-steppe Altai by the Kulaiskaya culture tribes. Along with the migration wave of the population of the Sarovskii stage of the Kulaiskaya culture from the territory of the Tomsk Ob region, one can talk about quite intensive contacts with the population of the second stage of the Kulaiskaya culture of the Novosibirsk Ob region.
A nagysebességű vasút térhódítása, és ennek hatása a turizmusszektorra
Authors: Jászberényi Melinda , Holczmann Anita
Published: January 2021

Míg a légi közlekedés teljesítménye meglehetősen hullámzó, a vasút napjainkban rohamos fejlődésnek indult. A Madrid–Barcelona útvonalon, mely nemrég még a világ legnagyobb légi forgalmával bírt, a nagysebességű vasút megjelenése drasztikus változásokat hozott. Az elemzés a vasút megjelenését követő időszak forgalmi adataira, illetve az árak, járatok és a szolgáltatási színvonal változásainak megfigyelésére támaszkodik. Bemutatja mind a verseny természetét, mind annak lehetséges, hosszú távú következményeit, az utazó érdekeit és a fenntarthatóság követelményét állítva középpontba.
The Enhanced Forensic Examination and Analysis for Mobile Cloud Platform by Applying Data Mining Methods
Authors: Alnajjar Ibrahim Ali , Mahmuddin Massudi
Published: January 2021

Investigating the mobile cloud environment is a challenging task due to the characteristics of voluminous data, dispersion of data, virtualization, and diverse data. Recent research works focus on applying the latest forensic methodologies to the mobile cloud investigation. This paper proposes an enhanced forensic examination and analysis model for the mobile cloud environment that incorporates timeline analysis, hash filtering, data carving, and data transformation sub-phases to improve the performance of the cloud evidence identification and overall forensic decision-making. It analyzes the timeline of events and filters the case-specific files based on the hash values and metadata using the data mining methods. The proposed forensic model performs the in-place carving on the filtered data to guide the investigation and integrates the heterogeneous file types and distributed pieces of evidence with the assistance of the data mining. Finally, the proposed approach employs LSTM based model that significantly improves the forensic decision making.
Test Case Quality Factors: Content Analysis of Software Testing Websites
Authors: Barraood Samera Obaid , Mohd Haslina , Baharom Fauziah
Published: January 2021

Software testing is anessentialprocess for ensuring thequality and reliability of software products. The efficiency of testing activities depends largely on the test case quality, which is considered as one of the major concerns of software testing. Unfortunately, at the moment there is no clear guideline that can be referred by software testers in producing good quality test cases. Hence, producing guideline is certainly required. To construct a pragmatic guideline, it is crucial to identify the factors that lead todesigninggood quality test cases. The existing test case quality factors are not comprehensive and need further investigation and improvement. Therefore,a content analysis was conducted to identify the test case qualityfactors from software testing experts point of view available in the software testing websites. The software testing websites provide explicit information about the quality of test cases in order to avoid the poor design of test cases. Thus, this study presents the outcomes of content analysis from 22 software testing websites which comprise of static content websites and blogs.Consequently, eight (8)factors and their corresponding 30 sub-factors were identified. Among the factors are documentation, manageability, maintainability, reusability, requirement quality, efficiency, tester knowledge, and effectiveness of test cases. These factors are useful to be referred by the practitioners in assuring the quality of the design test cases which implicitly can ensure the quality of the software products.
ОКАЗІОНАЛІЗМИ ЯК ОСНОВА СИНЕРГЕТИКИ ІДІОСТИЛЮ МИКОЛИ ВІНГРАНОВСЬКОГО
Authors: МІНІЧ ЛАРИСА
Published: January 2021

The systematization and classification of neolexemes in Mykola Vingranovkyi’s poetry prove that the author used them for creating his own literary idiostyle. Among such kinds of words, the most widespread are formed by compounding the stems. The other variants of the poet’s words are formed by suffixation and also prefixal-suffixal derivatives. Much less common is to find neologisms formed by only prefixation. In the article, the researcher studies different types of occasional lexemes, analysis of which had been based on the aforementioned classification. In this case, the writer’s position is very important. The author shows how the psychoanalytical aspect of the poet’s outlook is present in his linguistic presentation of the world.
РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦІЯ ОБРАЗУ ГЕРОЯ-ВОЇНА В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ СОЦРЕАЛІСТИЧНІЙ ЛІТЕРАТУРІ
Authors: ФЕДОРІВ УЛЯНА
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the research of socialist realism canon in Ukrainian literature. This canon is considered an artificially modeled power project in the sphere of culture and literature which aimed at creating a monostylistic system with clearly defined rules and recommended schemes, especially including thought-out characters understandable for the mass Soviet reader in order to monopolize power at all levels and to establish a new Soviet identity (“homo sovieticusˮ). The socialist realism canon is a complex and heterogeneous phenomenon. It imposed patterns for analysing and reflecting on reality in art and culture. From the 1930s, any texts following the authorities’ regulations acquired a typical structure, predictable and recognizable features that turned literature into a mass-produced uniform “artistic” product. The task of such a governmental experiment was both to transform the world, and to change the way reality was perceived. The aesthetized falsification of existence, the clear domination of everything “ideological” and “totalitarian” in the field of culture, shaping the socialist realistic theory as a process of politicizing artistic consciousness - these are the blocks that determined the formation and functioning of the socialist realism canon of Ukrainian literature. The publication reflects a new vision of the problem of the literary representation of the Soviet Pantheon of Heroes in the socialist realism texts, in particular novels by Natan Rybak, Yurii Zbanatskyi, Oles Honchar, Andrii Malyshko, Natalia Zabila etc. Basically, the idea is that in order to build a bright future the Soviet system needed a new man, so all the forces were thrown into the “newanthropological typeˮ. The article deals with the modeling role of the hero-warrior in the socialist realism text. This image was established in the mass consciousness by means of propaganda and agitation.
ТОТАЛІТАРИЗМ І ЛІТЕРАТУРА: ВІД ВЗАЄМОДІЇ ДО ВИКРИТТЯ
Authors: ПУХОНСЬКА ОКСАНА
Published: January 2021

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АРХЕТИПНЕ ПІДҐРУНТЯ І ПОЕТИКА ПОВТОРЕННЯ У ЗИМОВІЙ ПОВІСТІ ОЛЕСЯ УЛЬЯНЕНКА
Authors: Штейнбук Фелікс
Published: January 2021

Unlike many previous ones which contained authors’ socially conditioned interpretations of Oles Ulianenko’s works, the article suggests an original, poetically determined, psychoanalytical reading of Zymova povist. As a result, the conclusion is that in this short but aesthetically powerful work of fiction of unclear genre, plot and theme, the Ukrainian author offers a concentrated, concise presentation of polysemous and expressive archetype images, which are obviously connected with social-historical, moral-ethical, and philosophical subject matter which found its in-depth representation in his later literary work. Above all, however, in this particular work of fiction, Ulianenko depicts how death is defeated by repeated victory.
MIĘDZY GONZO A DOKUMENTEM HISTORYCZNYM. O STATUSIE GENOLOGICZNYM REPORTAŻU ЗВІТ ЗА СЕРПЕНЬ’14 ANDRIJA SOWY (PŁOCHISZA)
Authors: Kupidura Ryszard
Published: January 2021

The urgency of this paper is conditioned by the importance for the Ukrainian literary process of examining the peculiarities of literary works devoted to the Russian-Ukrainian war (2014–?). In the article, the author reviews the genre status of Andriy Sova’s Zvit za serpen ‘14. The research indicates the syncretic character of Sova’s reportage and reconstructs the social and cultural conditions for the creation of the text. In addition, the author draws attention to the language of reportage (idiostyle), which is saturated not only with emotions, but also with technical and military terminology. It was found that Zvit za serpen ‘14 contains a specific chronotope conditioned by the dynamics of events in 2014. Another important aim of the research was to investigate how Sova strengthens the reference pact with the reader. As a result, it was recognized that Sova’s strategy is to declare the truth (“I am describing only what I have seen”), frequent quoting of other soldiers, as well as posting photos, which strengthens the documentary character of the book.
Rapid visual detection of FecB gene expression in sheep
Authors: Liu Li , Hu Ruirui , Li Cunyuan , Li Xiaoyue , Ni Wei , Yao Rui , Zhang Mengdan , Li Huixiang , Xu Yueren , Ullah Yaseen , Hu Shengwei
Published: January 2021

Sheep play an important role in agricultural production and people’s lives, and fecundity is one of the most important economic traits of sheep for sheep breeders. The Booroola fecundity (FecB) gene has a certain correlation with litter size in sheep. Therefore, this study aims to detect FecB expression quickly, accurately and visually. Here, we used the nucleic acid dye SYBR Green I to detect FecB with the amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS), which can efficiently, rapidly, economically and visually detect FecB expression in sheep. After ARMS polymerase chain reaction (PCR), SYBR Green I was directly added to the ARMS products, and whether the sheep carried FecB was judged by directly observing the color change in the PCR tube. Homozygous (BB) or heterozygous (B+) samples with FecB mutation were bright green, while wild type (++) samples without FecB were orange yellow. This study suggested that this method has 100% accuracy and 0.5 ng/µL sensitivity. To our knowledge, this is the first report that shows the integration of the ARMS with SYBR Green I to detect FecB expression in sheep visually.
The vasoactive peptide MR-pro-adrenomedullin in COVID-19 patients: an observational study
Authors: Gregoriano Claudia , Koch Daniel , Kutz Alexander , Haubitz Sebastian , Conen Anna , Bernasconi Luca , Hammerer-Lercher Angelika , Saeed Kordo , Mueller Beat , Schuetz Philipp
Published: January 2021

Objectives

Midregional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) is a vasoactive peptide with key roles in reducing vascular hyperpermeability and thereby improving endothelial stability during infection. While MR-proADM is useful for risk stratification in patients with sepsis, clinical data about prediction accuracy in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 disease (COVID-19) is currently missing.

Methods

We included consecutively adult patients hospitalized for confirmed COVID-19 at a tertiary care center in Switzerland between February and April 2020. We investigated the association of MR-proADM levels with in-hospital mortality in logistic regression and discrimination analyses.

Results

Of 89 included COVID-19 patients, 19% (n=17) died while in the hospital. Median admission MR-proADM levels (nmol/L) were increased almost 1.5-fold increased in non-survivors compared to survivors (1.3 [interquartile range IQR 1.1–2.3]) vs. 0.8 [IQR 0.7–1.1]) and showed good discrimination (area under the curve 0.78). An increase of 1 nmol/L of admission MR-proADM was independently associated with a more than fivefold increase in in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio of 5.5, 95% confidence interval 1.4–21.4, p=0.015). An admission MR-proADM threshold of 0.93 nmol/L showed the best prognostic accuracy for in-hospital mortality with a sensitivity of 93%, a specificity of 60% and a negative predictive value of 97%. Kinetics of follow-up MR-proADM provided further prognostic information for in-hospital treatment.

Conclusions

Increased levels of MR-proADM on admission and during hospital stay were independently associated with in-hospital mortality and may allow a better risk stratification, and particularly rule-out of fatal outcome, in COVID-19 patients.
Semi-kinematic geodetic reference frame based on the ITRF2014 for Malaysia
Authors: Azhari M. , Altamimi Z. , Azman G. , Kadir M. , Simons W.J.F , Sohaime R. , Yunus M.Y. , Irwan M.J. , Asyran C.A. , Soeb N. , Fahmi A. , Saiful A.
Published: January 2021

Malaysia is located at the stable part of the tec-tonic Sundaland platelet in SE Asia. The platelet is surrounded in almost every direction by tectonically active convergent boundaries, at which the Philippine Sea, the Australian and the Indian Plates are subducting respectively from the East, South and West.The current Malaysia geodetic reference frame called MGRF2000 is a static reference frame and hence did not incorporate the effects of plate motion and the ensuing deformation from (megath-rust) earthquakes. To prevent degradation of Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) coordinates, a new time-dependent national reference frame was developed. Taking advantage of the availability of the GNSS data of the CORS network in Malaysia, notably the Malaysia Active GPS System (MASS) and Malaysia Real-Time Kinematic GNSS Network (MyRTKnet), a more accurate and robust Malaysian geodetic reference frame was determined, fully aligned and compatible with ITRF2014. The cumulative solution obtained from stacking Malaysian CORS position time series formed the basis of the new MGRF2020 realization. It consists of 100+ station positions at epoch 2020.0, station velocities and Post-Seismic Deformation (PSD) parametric models for stations subjected to major earthquakes. The (1999-2018) position time series exhibit Weighted Mean Root Square (WRMS) values of 3.0, 3.2 and 7.6 mm in respectively the East, North and Vertical components. A new semi-kinematic geodetic datum (GDM2020) for Malaysia, useable for GIS, mapping and cadastre applications is proposed to replace the existing static datum (GDM2000). A transformation suite to convert the spatial databases from GDM2000 to GDM2020 was also developed.
The domination number of round digraphs
Authors: Zhang Xinhong , Xue Caijuan , Li Ruijuan
Published: January 2021

The concept of the domination number plays an important role in both theory and applications of digraphs. Let

D
=
(
V
,
A
)

D=(V,A)

be a digraph. A vertex subset

T
⊆
V
(
D
)

T\subseteq V(D)

is called a dominating set of D, if there is a vertex

t
∈
T

t\in T

such that

t
v
∈
A
(
D
)

tv\in A(D)

for every vertex

v
∈
V
(
D
)
\
T

v\in V(D)\backslash T

. The dominating number of D is the cardinality of a smallest dominating set of D, denoted by

γ
(
D
)

\gamma (D)

. In this paper, the domination number of round digraphs is characterized completely.
MicroRNA-182-5p relieves murine allergic rhinitis via TLR4/NF-κB pathway
Authors: Zhang Aichun , Jin Yangzi
Published: January 2021

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common chronic diseases. This study examined whether microRNA (miR)-182-5p plays a role in AR by regulating toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). First, data demonstrated that TLR4 was a target of miR-182-5p. Subsequently, AR mouse model was established to explore the role of miR-182-5p and TLR4 in AR in vivo. Initially, quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated that miR-182-5p was downregulated, while TLR4 expression was upregulated in AR mice. Then we found that miR-182-5p mimic reduced the frequency of sneezing and nose rubbing of the AR mice. In addition, miR-182-5p mimic significantly increased ovalbumin (OVA)-specific IgE and leukotriene C4 expression levels in nasal lavage fluid (NLF) and serum of AR mice. miR-182-5p mimic decreased the number of inflammatory cells in NLF of AR mice. It also reduced the levels of inflammatory factors in the serum of AR mice, such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, while increasing the release of IFN-γ and IL-2. Finally, miR-182-5p mimic inhibited NF-κB signaling pathway activation in AR mice. However, all effects of miR-182-5p mimic on AR mice were reversed by TLR4-plasmid. In conclusion, miR-182-5p/TLR4 axis may represent a novel therapeutic target for AR.
Crystal structure of 5,7,7-trimethyl-4,6,7,8-tetrahydrocyclopenta[g]isochromen-1(3H)-one, C15H18O2
Authors: Tian Kaixin , Wang Yanhong , Xun Miaomiao , Yuan Changchun , Fu Kai
Published: January 2021

C15H18O2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 12.7072(5) Å, b = 11.2947(6) Å, c = 17.7857(7) Å, β = 95.807(1)°, V = 2539.6(2) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0606, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1759, T = 170 K.
The crystal structure of N-(adamantan-1-yl)-piperidine-1-carbothioamide, C16H26N2S
Authors: Bari Ahmed , Hosten Eric C. , Abdulrahman AlObaid , Usman Ghani
Published: January 2021

C16H26N2S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 6.4855(4) Å, b = 20.1110(12) Å, c = 11.2575(7) Å, β = 92.014(2)°, V = 1467.41(16) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0324, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0889, T = 200 K.
Transliminality: Comparing Mystical and Psychotic Experiences on Psycho-Phenomenological Grounds
Authors: Feise-Mahnkopp Patricia
Published: January 2021

On a phenomenal level, no differences between the mystical and the initial sequence of psychotic experience are to be found. Both are characterized by transliminality (i.e., an experience of consciousness transcending both the psychophysical and the rational realms). However, the situation is different if we integrate psychodynamic implications before and after those experiences into the comparison. One difference on this level is that the mystical experience (if it meets sufficient ego stability) primarily offers personality-strengthening potential. In contrast, transliminality, which occurs in the course of psychotic experience (if it encounters insufficient ego-stability or a pronounced vulnerability), primarily offers personality-weakening potential. However, if the therapeutic process succeeds in setting ego-stabilizing impulses (or eliminating thought and affect disorders which are typical for psychoses of the schizophrenic spectrum), a conscious incorporation of the transliminal experience into the further therapeutic process proves to be helpful, too. The essential philosophical and therapeutic significance of the connections analyzed here are reflected on with the help of philosophical and psycho(patho)logical phenomenology, in particular with the writings of Husserl’s and Pfänder’s pupil Gerda Walther, combined with current theorems of responsive phenomenology. Walther’s insights into the (dys-)functionalities of ego-center (“Ichzentrum”), self (“Einbettung des Ichzentrums”), and basic essence (“Grundwesen”) in mystical and psychotic experience, with respect to their (meta-)transcendental relationship with divine essence (“göttlicher Wesensgrund”) provoke further research questions on the constitutive and therapeutic implications of transliminality in the context of mystical and psychotic experience.
Old Age as Massacre: Philip Roth’s Elegies of Aging in Everyman and American Pastoral
Authors: Glăvan Gabriela
Published: January 2021

I intend to explore Philip Roth’s representation of aging in his 1997 novel, American Pastoral, and in the allegorical, medical life story of his generic hero, Everyman (2006). My arguments connect the writer’s constant preoccupation with the biological life of the body and the cultural significance of aging, divergently projected in these two novels.
Traveling Ever Toward Freedom: A Metaphorical Feminist Study of Colson Whitehead’s the Underground Railroad
Authors: Motlagh Afsaneh Askar
Published: January 2021

There is a growing interest in cognitive approaches to literature in recent years; undoubtedly conceptual metaphor has become one of the favourite topics for analysis. George Lakoff and Mark Johnson in Metaphors We Live By (1980), assert that metaphor is not just a matter of words; rather it is inherently conceptual and conceptual metaphors help us comprehend abstract concepts in terms of more concrete ones. This article proposes that metaphor is used to overcome the inadequacy of language in the face of indescribable phenomena, such as slavery, racism and multiple oppressions of black women throughout history in Colson Whitehead’s The Underground Railroad (2016). Patricia Collins tries to convey through her work, Black Feminist Thought (2000), which will be used here, that all these oppressions exist even today. The result of this study indicates that Whitehead has picked up and given life to the old slavery story to emotionally engage a global audience at the present time, when racial hatred seems to be a thing of the past.
Shoulder patients in primary and specialist health care. A cross-sectional study
Authors: Engebretsen Kaia B. , Robinson Hilde S. , Vollestad Nina K.
Published: January 2021

Objectives

Shoulder pain is a prevalent problem and has a considerable impact on the use of primary and specialist health care in Norway. It is important to improve short-term recovery and reduce long-term consequences regarding pain and disability, the high costs of treatment and the amount of sick-leave. Treatment for non-specific shoulder pain is mainly non-operative. The aims of this study were to investigate if there are differences in main characteristics, pain and disability (SPADI-score) and psycho-social factors between patients in primary and specialist health care.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included patients consulting physiotherapy in primary health care and patients at an outpatient clinic in specialist health care. Well-known and tested questionnaires for these populations were used and variables were divided into clinical, sociodemographic, psycho-social, and shoulder pain and disability. Descriptive statistics were applied. Two-sample t-test and linear regression were used for continuous data whereas chi-square tests and logistic regression were applied to test differences in categorical data between the two study populations.

Results

Two hundred and 36 patients were recruited from primary health care (FYSIOPRIM, Physiotherapy In Primary Care) and 167 from specialist health care. Patients in primary health care reported less regular use of pain medication (30.7 vs. 61.3%) and fewer patients had symptom duration >12 months (41.9 vs. 51.0%). Furthermore, they reported lower pain intensity, less shoulder pain and disability (SPADI-score), lower scores on psycho-social factors, but higher on expectations of recovery.

Conclusions

Patients with shoulder pain treated in primary health care and in specialist health care are different according to factors such as duration of symptoms, pain and disability, and some of the psycho-social variables. However, the differences are small and the variations within the two study samples is large. Patients treated in primary health care seemed to be less affected and to have higher expectations concerning their recovery. However, based on our results we may question why many patients are referred to specialist health care rather than continuing treatment in primary health care.
Equilibrium isotherm studies of copper and zinc removal from model solutions using natural and alkaline treated hornbeam sawdust
Authors: Kováčová Zdenka , Demčák Štefan , Bálintová Magdaléna
Published: January 2021

In the present study, sawdust an industrial by-product available in large quantities as sorbent material was studied. The removal adsorption capacity of Cu(II) and Zn(II) from aquatic solutions was obtained. The batch experiments were carried out to determine the effect of initial concentration of copper/zinc solution at pH=4.0 onto natural hornbeam and hornbeam modified with NaOH and KOH. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) determined the changes in functional groups after the modification of sawdust. The equilibrium data were fitted with four isotherm models - Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin and Dubinin– Radushkevich. The Langmuir model was found to be most suitable and the maximum adsorption capacity obtained for modified hornbeam sawdust was 2 to 4-times higher as in natural one for both heavy metals.
Single case study photovoltaic panels within water heating system
Authors: Baláž Richard
Published: January 2021

The submitted article offers one of the possible options of a usage of photovoltaic panels for a domestic hot water preparation with an option to extra heating a heating system, and following recalculation of a produced electric energy amount in regards of a total return of the assembled system. An electric heating boiler combined with a heating option working on solid propellant was chosen for the experiment. The most frequently used combined electric storage tank was chosen as a classic option to heat domestic hot water.
Lifecycle and ecomonical study of selected thermal solar installations
Authors: Košičan Jaroslav , Pardo Miguel Ángel , Vilčeková Silvia
Published: January 2021

Creating a scheme of solar thermal installations is a mighty move forward to develop a suitable energy standards of residential buildings. In recent years were done many studies, which did a several energy simulations for residence buildings. If design of thermal installation is false, it can lead to rise in the expensive overall energy costs and unsatisfactory thermal comfort in the building. Nowdays, in Slovakia using solar thermal installations are increasing more than in recent years. This research investigates twelve modern solar water heating systems, formed on the roof of the family house. We tried to make analysis, where designed solar energy systems were appropriate and fulfill energy requirements of DHW and heating. The study deals with the best financial alternative of the prepared installations of the house. According to overall prices of installation, energy production of additional source for heating and total system efficiency and lifespan, we found out the best possible choice. Expected amount of the various energy contribution is simulated in specialized program. If we talk about midterm energy values, we can see the best possible choice for the alternatives. In this case we made analysis of these schemes for typical family house in Kosice. We set the limits of the building and analyzed which scheme is the best for need of the yearly average water consumption and heating.
The impact of therapies as monotherapy with combined therapy on novel and traditional biomarkers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Haydar Asmaa , Abdullah Ijlal
Published: January 2021

Background and objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune and inflammatory disease that influences many tissues and organs. Inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, anti-cyclic citrullinated protein, rheumatoid factor, and 14-3-3η protein have been found to play an important role in both the diagnosis and progression of rheumatoid arthritis. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of anti-rheumatoid medication, as mono- and combined therapy, on these inflammatory mediators. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed at Hawler Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Erbil, Iraq. Forty-two patients of both genders with rheumatoid arthritis participated in the study as group I. Forty-four age–gender matched adults (with no rheumatoid arthritis) were included as a comparison group or group II. Serum levels of biomarkers were determined by enzyme linked immune sorbent assay. Results: There was a statistically significant (P <0.05) increased level of serum anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide, 14-3-3η protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and rheumatic factor levels in group I compared with group II. The serum level of the anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide significantly decreased in rheumatoid patients treated with combined therapy compared with mono remedy. However, the mean of body mass index, age, and gender of group I was non-significantly different from group II (P >0.05). Conclusion: Therapeutic regimen of mono or combined therapy played a role in changing levels of inflammatory markers. Anti-cyclic citrullinated protein significantly decreased with the combined therapy in comparison with the monotherapy regimen. Keywords: Rheumatic arthritis; Monotherapy; Combined therapy; Anti-rheumatoid; Inflammatory markers.
Formulation of a fast-dissolving oral film using gelatin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
Authors: Ahmed Jwan , Boya Dina , Kamal Hunar
Published: January 2021

Background and objective: Orally disintegrating film is a solid dosage form made as an alternative for tablets for pediatric and geriatric patients who have difficulty in swallowing. These formulations are designed to dissolve in the mouth rapidly upon contact with saliva. This study aimed to prepare a thin oro-dispersible film base that can withstand handling in which a drug can be incorporated to provide a new dosage form. Methods: The solvent casting method was used to prepare the films, in which the ingredients were mixed, dissolved, and cast in a Petri dish. Then, they were left to dry in the oven overnight. Different concentrations of each of the two polymers alone and combined in different ratios were compared using different concentrations of plasticizer. Results: Successful, transparent films were prepared from gelatin and glycerin. A combination of 70% gelatin and 30% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with glycerin formed an acceptable film having white color. The film forming capacity of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose alone was not good. All films were tearing and not well formed. All films that contain polyethylene glycol were brittle. Both superdisintegrants reduced the disintegration time for both films, but kyron was more effective than sodium starch glycolate. Conclusion: A successful oral film was prepared using different types of polymers, which is suitable for incorporating a potent drug to form a new dosage form that is easily portable and does not require water for swallowing. Keywords: Fast dissolving oral film; Gelatin; Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose; Solvent casting method.
Solubility enhancement of nimodipine using mixed hydrotropic solid dispersion technique
Authors: Ibrahim Naz , Smail Shahla , Hussein Nozad , Abdullah Tara
Published: January 2021

Background and objective: Low aqueous solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients has an effect on both formulation development and bioavailability. Nimodipine is an antihypertensive agent with low oral bioavailability, which might be attributed to the extremely poor water solubility. This study aimed to increase the solubility of nimodipine in water using hydrotropes and solid dispersion technology to increase dissolution rate compared to the marketed drug product. Methods: Solubility of nimodipine was determined separately in sodium acetate, sodium citrate, sodium benzoate, and niacinamide solutions at a concentration of 10, 20, 30, and 40% w/v using distilled water as a solvent. The highest solubility was obtained in 40% sodium benzoate solution. Mixed concentrations of hydrotropic agents were used in ratio 1:3 (niacinamide: sodium benzoate). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to exclude any drug-hydrotropes interaction. The dissolution rate of nimodipine from solid dispersion and physical mixture were studied using USP type II dissolution test apparatus in acetate buffer (pH 4.5) as a dissolution media. Results: Hydrotropic solid dispersion of nimodipine with a blend (30% sodium benzoate and 10% niacinamide) increased the dissolution rate of the drug by 1.5 folds compared to the marketed conventional nimodipine tablet. Fourier-transform infrared analysis did not show any physicochemical interaction between drug and carriers in solid dispersion formulation. Conclusion: The hydrotrop is a novel and safe compound. It is a successful way to enhance the solubility of poorly aqueous soluble drugs. Immediate dissolution of practically insoluble drug nimodipine in dissolution media indicates that it has a great potential to solubilize the drug in biological fluids. Thus, a considerable improvement in bioavailability and onset of action of the drug can be predictable. Adding of a hydrotropic agent with nimodipine in solid dispersion increased the dissolution rate of the drug compared to the marketed conventional nimodipine tablet Keywords: Hydrotropes; Nimodipine; Solubility enhancement; Solid dispersion.
Mould juice: A brief history of penicillin
Authors: Chan Bridgette
Published: January 2021

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Editor's Message, Covid-19: A look back, one year into the 2020 pandemic
Authors: Vidovic Dan
Published: January 2021

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Will it ever grow back? The psychosocial impacts of alopecia
Authors: Riahi Aryan
Published: January 2021

Alopecia is a common clinical complaint in the offices of family physicians and dermatologists. Here, we discuss common subtypes of alopecia, including androgenic alopecia and alopecia areata. Unfortunately, few resources have been invested in researching the effectiveness of psychological treatment for alopecia Pharmacological treatments alone are not enough. Medications can be a frustrating experience for both patients and their physicians due to their limited effectiveness. A case is made for health professionals taking an all-encompassing approach with patients is critical for skin conditions including alopecia.
Determinant Factors of Customers Switching Behavior to Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty in Online Transportation Users in Bandung
Authors: Suryawardani Bethani , Wulandari Astri
Published: January 2021

This study was aimed to find out which factors that become the most influence on customers switching behavior for online transportation and how the impact on their satisfaction and loyalty for future consumption. Transportation service is one of the service industry sectors that play a strategic role in human life. The intense competition in the online transportation industry and the various choice of brands in the market make the consumers easy to switch from their current product to other brand products. The research method used in this study was a quantitative method, with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis technique using SMART PLS 2.0 software. The sampling method used was accidental sampling with 400 respondents. The results of the study showed that the contribution of price, promotion and e-service quality simultaneously influenced on which directly affected customer satisfaction was 64.9%. Whereas, the results of the study also showed the contribution of price, promotion, e-service quality and customer satisfaction simultaneously influenced on which directly affected customer loyalty was 48.3%. E-service quality has the biggest impact on customer satisfaction by 30.69%; meanwhile,Â  promotion has the biggest impact on loyalty by 3.17%.
The Effect of Intellectual Capital towards Firm Performance and Risk with Board Diversity as a Moderating Variable: Study in ASEAN Banking Firms
Authors: Innayah Maulida Nurul , Pratama Bima Cinintya , Hanafi Mamduh Mahmadah
Published: January 2021

This paper finds out the impact of intellectual capital on firm performance and risk. Moreover, this paper also examines whether the board diversity in terms of gender and nationality can strengthen the effect of intellectual capital towards firm performance and risk that operates in banking industries in ASEAN. The data in this study obtained from Bloomberg and OSIRIS database and also the firmâ€™s annual reports over the period of 2012-2016 (375 observations) and conducted in ASEAN countries, namely Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand. The results find that the efficient and effective use of intellectual capital will make the firms achieved higher performance. Meanwhile, intellectual capital can help reduce credit risk. In the interaction effect, the result is consistent with social psychology theory and shows that the presence of board diversity actually reduces firm performance and increases risk.
Effect of Ordo in Assessment of Financial and Non-Financial Information
Authors: Helmina Monica Rahardian Ary , Ghozali Imam , Isgiyarta Jaka , Sutomo Ibnu
Published: January 2021

This research focuses on investor decision making on information provided by the company. Belief-adjustment models emphasize the order of presentation of information. Order effects occur when decisions made by individuals differ after receiving evidence in a different order. In order of evidence, the characteristics of the evidence are mixed between confirmative (positive) information and unconfirmed (negative) information.The participants of this study are investors who have investment accounts. The design of the 2x4 experimental method is divided into analysis of factor 2 (presentation pattern) x 4 (information value), which aims to test that the presentation of information in step by step (SBS) will have a better impact than end of sequence (EOS). There are 8 combinations of instruments contain patterns and information values that are used as a source of stock valuation. ANOVA analysis is used for this study. The results showed that there was an effect of the pattern of information delivery in investment decision making when the SBS and EOS disclosure patterns in hypothesis 1 and hypothesis 2. The results of hypothesis 3 did not support the belief adjustment model theory.
Job Embeddedness: a Strategy to Reduce Voluntary Turnover Intention
Authors: Ratnawati Alifah , Sudarti Ken , Mulyana Mulyana , Mubarok M Husni
Published: January 2021

This study examines the relationship between Job Embeddedness and Job Insecurity to voluntary turnover intention and job performance. The sample of this study were 209 respondents from permanent or contract employees who worked as secretaries, clerical or administrative personnel in government or private offices in Central Java, Indonesia. This study used Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) for hypothesis testing. Result of this job insecurity cannot be used to predict voluntary turnover intention or job performance. Job embeddedness is divided into three types, namely job embeddedness link, job embeddedness fit, and job embeddedness sacrifice. Job Embeddedness link and Job Embeddedness fit have no effect on voluntary turnover intention, but they can be used to predict job performance. In contrast, Job embeddedness sacrifice has an effect on voluntary turnover intention but cannot be used to predict job performance. Voluntary turnover intention proved able to be used to predict job performance.
Information Technology as a Strategic Resource in Encouraging Organizational Change Readiness through the Role of the Human Capital Effectiveness
Authors: Hermawan Iwan , Suharnomo Suharnomo
Published: January 2021

The application of technology will have a direct strategic impact on the organization. Information technology in the context of infrastructure refers to applications used to create, process, store, and disseminate knowledge to organizations. The capability of information technology will encourage the effectiveness of organizations in creating a competitive advantage. The research direction is to uncover the influence of Information Technology Capability (ITC) on Readiness to Change (RTC) of organizations mediated by the existence of the role of Leadership and Human Capital Effectiveness (HCE). These two big concepts are offered to bridge the research gap. The research sample was 166 design-based fashion manufacture industry in Central Java at the organizational level, consist of 49 males and 117 females respectively. Testing through the Structural Equation Model shows that Information Technology Capability (ITC) has an indirect influence on Readiness to Change (RTC) through Human Capital Effectiveness (HCE) which is greater than through Leadership and HCE.
The Effect of Leadership and Organizational Justice in Predicting Positive Emotion of Indonesian Civil Servants
Authors: Martunus Hendrian , Manggarani Cynthia Ayu , Patiro Shine Pintor , Budiyanti Hety
Published: January 2021

This study aims to explore the influence of leadership styles (transactional and transformational) on organizational justice (distributive justice and procedural justice) and their impact on the positive emotions of Government civil servants,which is located in the City of South Tangerang, Palu, and Sorong. In the government environment, perceptions of leadership styles (transactional and transformational) and organizational justice (distributive and procedural) possessed by employees can vary. Thus, itindeed tends to influence the formation of positive emotions. The Social Desirability Response (SDR) test was examined in the validation test. A survey method with a purposive sampling technique (n = 400) was used to collect the data. The results showed that both transformational and transactional leadership styles have a positive and significant effect on procedural justice and distributive justice. Hence, having a subsequent impact on the formation of positive emotions.