bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudio de la vulnerabilidad socio-ambiental a través de un índice sintético / Caso de distritos bajo riesgo de inundación: Santa Fe, Recreo y Monte Vera, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. Study on socio-environmental vulnerability by applying (...)
Authors: Cardoso María Mercedes
Published: June 2018

ResumenLos grupos humanos se sitúan en diferentes posiciones frente a las diversas amenazas latentes, propias del momento histórico y del lugar en que viven. La vulnerabilidad, como uno de los componentes del riesgo, es la incapacidad o inflexibilidad de una comunidad para absorber los efectos de un cambio en su medio ambiente (crisis económicas, desastres de diversas causas). Dicha incapacidad está conformada por características tanto individuales como sociales y del entorno que habitan. Es posible distinguir niveles de vulnerabilidad socio-ambiental, diagnóstico del que debe partir toda gestión del riesgo. Su distribución en el territorio es un reflejo de los modos de desarrollo fragmentado, destacándose el papel de los servicios públicos básicos en la satisfacción de las necesidades. El principal objetivo de esta investigación es generar un indicador sintético: el índice de vulnerabilidad socio-ambiental para los distritos Santa Fe, Recreo y Monte Vera. A través de la utilización de sistemas de información geográfica se analiza su distribución espacial y su relación con ciertos rasgos destacados del territorio, como la topografía y la hidrografía, elementos asociados a los peligros de inundación.Palabras claves: Vulnerabilidad socio-ambiental; Indicador sintético; Riesgo de inundación; Servicios públicos básicos; Desastre.AbstractWhen facing diverse latent hazard, and depending on the historic moment and the specific place they live in, human groups place themselves in diverse positions. Vulnerability, as a risk component, means the incapacity or the inflexibility of a community to absorb the effects of a change in their own environment (caused by economic crisis or different kinds of disasters). Such incapacity is composed of personal, social and environmental characteristics. It is possible to identify different socio-environmental vulnerability levels; in fact such type of diagnosis should be the starting point of any risk management, since their distribution within the territory reflects fragmented development models, and highlight the role of basic public services when it comes to satisfying social needs. The main purpose of this research is to generate a synthetic index: the socio-environmental index for the districts of Santa Fe, Recreo and Monte Vera. By means of applying geographical information systems, the analysis comprises the spatial distribution of vulnerability and its relations with certain salient features of the territory, such as topographic and hydrographic elements, which are intertwined with the risk of flooding.   Key words: Socio-environmental vulnerability; Synthetic index; Risk of flooding; Basic public services; Disasters.
A HISTÓRIA DE VIDA UM SUJEITO COM A SÍNDROME DE KLINEFELTER
Authors: Araújo Michell Pedruzzi Mendes , Drago Rogério
Published: June 2018

Este estudo objetiva compreender a história de vida de um sujeito com a Síndrome de Klinefelter, uma síndrome rara restrita ao sexo masculino. A metodologia utilizada para alcançar esse objetivo foi a história de vida, alicerçada pelos pressupostos da perspectiva sócio-histórica e no paradigma indiciário de Ginzburg. Nessa pesquisa, os encontros com um sujeito que possui a síndrome de Klinefelter são descritos e analisados, levando-se em conta os aspectos subjetivos. Nesses encontros, várias narrativas foram ouvidas para compor a história de vida do sujeito pesquisado: a do próprio Ramon, da sua mãe Marlene e das professoras da APAE e da Educação de Jovens e Adultos. Para colher os dados, recorreu-se às entrevistas biográficas semiestruturadas. Os dados obtidos foram analisados levando-se em conta o contexto histórico e social de Ramon, assim, foram observadas as relações dialógicas estabelecidas por Ramon com seus pares. Nesse sentido, a partir dessa pesquisa, pôde-se perceber que para além do biológico, Ramon é um ser social, cultural, que aprende, apreende e que, para além disso, muito ensina.
O TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA EM TEMPOS DE INCLUSÃO ESCOLAR: O FOCO NOS PROFISSIONAIS DE EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Barbosa Marily Oliveira
Published: June 2018

O objetivo desse estudo é analisar o ponto de vista dos profissionais de educação que atuam com o estudante com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA), no que diz respeito aos desafios de escolarização em ambiente de ensino regular. Para tanto utilizou-se a pesquisa fundamentada no materialismo histórico dialético, com a pesquisa ação e estudo de caso envolvendo um estudante com TEA e as profissionais de educação, a saber:  professora de sala de aula, professora do Atendimento Educacional Especializado, profissional de apoio escolar e coordenadora pedagógica. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados foram a observação, entrevista e sessões reflexivas para a construção do Plano Educacional Individualizado (PEI). Como resultados apreendemos que as profissionais que lidavam com o estudante eram favoráveis a inclusão escolar, contudo enfrentavam inúmeros desafios em atuar na docência para com o estudante. Visando auxiliar no desenvolvimento da aprendizagem do estudante foi construído o PEI. Esse plano possibilitou que as profissionais dialogassem sobre o estudante e sua escolarização, ampliando assim a visão das potencialidades do estudante, assim foi possível construir atitudes e atividades que auxiliassem na inclusão escolar.
As influências conceituais do cristianismo sobre a deficiência: o papel do Ensino Religioso na construção de sujeitos de direitos
Authors: Strelhow Thyeles Moratti Precilio Borcarte
Published: June 2018

A tradição cristã, desde seus inícios, esteve envolvida com as pessoas com deficiência propondo alternativas às condições encontradas na realidade social histórica por meio de suas práticas diaconais. Estas ações contribuíram para romper com a ideia de castigo divino. Porém, foram-se conceituando ideias vinculadas com a religiosidade cristã como: “presente de Deus, Deus quis assim ou Deus não dá uma cruz maior que não se possa carregar”. Com a ascensão de uma era pautada pelos direitos humanos e pela luta das pessoas com deficiência por ocupação do espaço social e participação cidadã, estas visões acabaram por se tornar símbolos da estigmatização da deficiência. Desta forma, a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, este artigo pretende apontar alguns aspectos que o Ensino Religioso, em sua prática pedagógica, pode contribuir para reinterpretar as imagens da deficiência a partir de uma perspectiva inclusiva. Conclui-se que conceitos como reconhecimento, conhecimento e inclusão precisam ser entendidos a partir de uma perspectiva de alteridade, corroborando para a construção da pessoa com deficiência como sujeito de direitos.
Rotina e necessidades de apoio: relato de familiares de crianças de zero a dois anos Público Alvo da Educação Especial
Authors: Pavão Michelle Roberta , Gualda Danielli Silva , Cia Fabiana , Santos Luciana Stoppa dos , Christovam Ana Carolina Camargo
Published: June 2018

Considerando que os primeiros anos de vida das crianças Público Alvo da Educação Especial (PAEE) despertam em seus familiares diferentes experiências e cuidados, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar a rotina e as necessidades de apoio das famílias de crianças de zero a dois anos PAEE e relacionar tais variáveis. A amostra foi composta por 23 mães e um pai de criança PAEE. Para atender aos objetivos, os participantes responderam por meio de entrevista o “Inventário de Recursos do Ambiente Familiar – RAF” e o “Questionário sobre as necessidades das famílias – QNF”. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e teste de correlação de Pearson. Os resultados mostraram que as crianças recebiam estímulos em casa, porém os pais apresentavam necessidades de informação, apoio e necessidades financeiras. Isto mostra o quanto esses fatores são importantes ao possibilitar às famílias a compreensão e aceitação da deficiência das crianças, além de auxiliar na organização familiar e solução de conflitos. Também é possível que pela idade das crianças, os pais ainda estejam em fase de adaptação e busca de informações e serviços que possam auxiliar no desenvolvimento dos seus filhos. Portanto, sugerem-se estudos com amostras ampliadas e com populações de diferentes idades para a generalização dos dados que possam embasar intervenções com famílias futuramente.
Desafios enfrentados por Tradutores e Intérpretes de LIBRAS nas aulas de Matemática
Authors: Correa Vanessa De Paula , Góes Anderson Roges Teixeira , Góes Heliza Colaço
Published: June 2018

A educação inclusiva possui como princípio que a escola é direito de todos e que os indivíduos participantes do processo de aprendizagem devem se desenvolver e aprender no mesmo espaço, tendo atendidas suas necessidades especiais. Quanto ao trabalho com estudantes surdos é necessário que a comunidade escolar promova o conhecimento e integração entre os pares de surdos e ouvintes. Ainda, para atender as especificidades do estudante surdo é necessária participação de mais um sujeito, além do professor e do estudante, o profissional Tradutor e Intérpretes de LIBRAS (TIL). Com isso, o presente texto busca identificar as principais dificuldades encontradas pelos TILs durante sua atuação em aulas da disciplina de matemática. Inicialmente, são analisados textos que indicam os direitos de pessoas com deficiências, no viés do estudante surdo, mostrando a legislação que garante a inserção destes estudantes nas classes regulares de ensino, a regulamentação do exercício da profissão dos TILs e uma visão a respeito de como o professor, TIL e o estudante surdo encaram o ensino de matemática na perspectiva inclusiva. Na sequência foi aplicado questionário composto de 21 questões (objetivas e discursivas) a sete TILs, onde buscou-se verificar algumas características e dificuldades vivenciadas por estes profissionais. A partir da análise dos dados obtidos evidencia-se a ausência de sinais específicos para termos matemáticos acarretando em um dos principais obstáculos encontrados nas traduções e interpretações nas aulas.
VIBRATION PNEUMATIC SEPARATION OF MILLED PRODUCT OF RUBBER-FIBRE-WASTE
Authors: Kozlov Alexey M. , Blinichev Valeryan N.
Published: June 2018

This work is devoted to the problem of vibration pneumatic separation of milled product of rubber-fibre waste. It is established that worn rubber products are a valuable secondary raw material. We studied the mechanical technology for the processing of rubber products, based on the processes of multistage grinding with an initial removing the bead wire and steel cord. The analysis showed that the most simple and qualitative way of separating of crumb rubber is vibration pneumatic separation. A separation of crushed rubber waste on the vibrating table with the use of air blowing of the textile component will allow separating of dissimilar particles of the initial mixture as efficiently as possible. The operation of the vibro-pneumatic separator is influenced by many factors, including the angle of inclination of the vibrating table, the amplitude of its oscillations, as well as the magnitude of the aerodynamic lifting force of the air flow. We have conducted research to identify the impact of these factors on the efficiency of sieving and purity of the crumb rubber of different fractions at the outlet. The aim of this work is to study the process vibration pneumatic separation of rubber-cord compound and the development of its hardware design. To achieve this aim the following tasks were set and solved: development of a new modernized system; determination of dependencies between the rate of transport of rubber-cord compound, the angle of inclination of the vibrating table and the amplitude-frequency characteristics; obtaining the calculated dependencies allowing to determine the velosity of entrainment of the cord fibers and crumb rubber.Forcitation:Kozlov А.М., Blinichev V.N. Vibration pneumatic separation of milled product of rubber-fibre-waste. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 6. P. 96-102
RADIATION-THERMAL METHOD FOR LITHIUM-ZINC FERRITE CERAMICS MANUFACTURING
Authors: Lysenko Elena N. , Surzhikov Anatoly P. , Malyshev Andrey V. , Vlasov Vitaly A. , Nikolaev Evgeniy V.
Published: June 2018

The structural and magnetic properties of lithium-zinc ferrite ceramics of Li0.4Fe2.4Zn0.2O4 composition, which was obtained under complex high-energy action based on the use of mechanical activation of Fe2O3-Li2CO3-ZnO initial reagents mixture in AGO-2C planetary mill and subsequent its heating to a sintering temperature of 1050 °C for 140 min by ELV-6 continuous electrons beam with an electron energy of 1.4 MeV, were investigated. X-ray phase analysis showed a broadening of diffraction peaks due to the decrease in the crystallite sizes and the increase in the values of microdeformation as a result of mechanical milling. It was established that preliminary mechanical activation of the initial reagents mixture in a planetary mill allows not only to accelerate the synthesis of ferrite materials, but also to combine the both technological stages of synthesis and sintering in one stage of radiation-thermal treatment, consisting in a heating of press-billets by a high-energy electron beam to a sintering temperature. Lithium-zinc ferrite ceramics, obtained by the radiation-thermal method, is characterized by high density and low porosity as well as high values of the specific magnetization and the Curie temperature.Forcitation:Lysenko E.N., Surzhikov A.P., Malyshev A.V., Vlasov V.A., Nikolaev E.V. Radiation-thermal method for lithium-zinc ferrite ceramics. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 6. P. 69-75
ELECTRORHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF SUSPENSIONS BASED ON POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE FILLED WITH HALLOYSITE
Authors: Kuznetsov Nikita M. , Belousov Sergey I. , Bessonova Natalya P. , Chvalun Sergey N.
Published: June 2018

The rheological behavior at 20 °С of electrorheological fluids based on silicone oil filled with halloysite nanotubes with different water content was studied. Flow and viscosity curves, storage and loss moduli were measured using a cylinder-cylinder rotary viscometer. The frequency dependences of electrical conductivity and dielectric loss tangent were obtained by dielectric spectroscopy. When an electric field is applied to the samples, their rheological behavior changes - the values of the yield stress increase. In this case, the viscosity curves exhibit an elastic behavior at low shear stresses and exhibit a Newtonian flow when the yield point is overcome. The frequency dependences of the storage and loss moduli confirm the results obtained on the flow curves. The electric field intensity influence on the magnitude of the electrorheological effect was also investigated. The effect of water presence on electrorheological and electrophysical properties was shown. Electrorheological fluid with a small amount of water exhibits a better response to the electric field application, as evidenced by higher values of the yield stresses in comparison with the sample containing drained filler. The small water content does not have a strong effect on the electrical conductivity of the systems under study, but its presence significantly changes the form of the dielectric loss tangent - the contribution of the electrical conductivity to the relaxation processes is significant, and the nature of the relaxation transitions changes due to the different polarizabilities of the wet and dried filler. This work demonstrates the prospects of using nanoscaled fillers with a high aspect ratio as the dispersed phase for electrorheological fluids.Forcitation:Kuznetsov N.M., Belousov S.I., Bessonova N.P., Chvalun S.N. Electrorheological behavior of suspensions based on polydimethylsiloxane filled with halloysite. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 6. P. 41-47
REGIONAL EDUCATIONAL PROJECTS AS MEANS OF RAISING LEVEL OF UNIVERSITY ENTRANTS IN CHEMISTRY
Authors: Lutsik Vladimir I. , Sobolev Alexander E. , Isaev Denis S.
Published: June 2018

In this article, the possibilities of a regional professional community of subject teachers to promote the intellectual development of schoolchildren and the formation of the common educational space “school – university” are demonstrated on the example of the Association of chemistry teachers and lecturers of Tver region. In order to achieve these goals, the Association annually conducts numerous regional open competitions, and each of them is completely free for students and their teachers. The aim of the competition “The World of Chemistry” is creating a public catalog of training presentations. The competition is held in twenty one categories (presentations on the educational topics, “Names in the history of chemistry”, “Scientists-chemists of Tver region”, “Chemical book of records”, “Chemistry and other Sciences”, “Chemistry of the future”, etc.); 997 nominations in all. Contests “Original problem” and “Chemical games store” are aimed at finding out the best authors of tasks, quizzes, and didactic games in chemistry as well as at the popularization of the Olympic movement. The selected collections of learning materials are published at the end of each contest. In order to identify and support gifted students, every year the Association of chemistry teachers and lecturers of the Tver region conducts the Regional Olympiad “Khimonya” (in Russian it is a diminutive and funny form of “Young Chemist”) for everyone wishing schoolchildren. This Olympiad is very popular. So, in 2017, more than 430 students from 16 municipalities attended this intellectual competition. The winners of “Khimonya” receive invitations to free classes at the Summer school of the Olympic reserve, which is annually organized by the Tver Association of chemistry teachers. It is shown that the activation of extracurricular activities of schoolchildren by involving them to participate in regional educational projects results to the increase in the education level of school leavers and quality of their knowledge in chemistry.Forcitation:Lutsik V.I., Sobolev A.E., Isaev D.S. Regional educational projects as means of raising level of university entrants in chemistry. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 6. P. 103-108
INVESTIGATION OF COMPONENTS OF HEXANE EXTRACT FROM TAMARIX HISPIDA BY METHOD OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Ikhsanov Yerbol S. , Abilov Zharylkasyn A. , Sultanova Nurgul A. , Choudhary Mohammed I.
Published: June 2018

In this article, we determined the qualitative and quantitative component composition of the hexane extract, derived from plant material - the aerial part of the Tamarix hispida genus, the Tamarix family of Tamaricaceae, which grows in the southern region of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Almaty region). For this purpose, the previously dried and ground plant material (500 g) was extracted with hexane into the feed-reagent ratio (1:10) in a Soxhlet apparatus. The extract was concentrated under mild conditions (water bath temperature 40-45 °C) using a water-jet pump vacuum to concentrate. Analysis of the component composition of the hexane extract carried out using gas chromatography with a mass-selective detector under the following conditions: capillary column SHP-5MS used carrier gas helium with a flow rate of 1 ml / min at a temperature gradient from 40 °C to 250 °C and the injector volume - 0.2 μl. The materials were identified by mass spectra and retention times using the Wiley GC/MS library. The percentage of the components was calculated automatically from the areas of the peaks of the general chromatogram of the ions. As a result, 30 components were identified, of which 8 were acids and their esters, 5-alcohols, 4-ketones, 1-aldehyde, 1-phenol, 3-alkane, 3 halogen derivatives, 2-cyclic, 3-heterocyclic compounds. A significant content of β-carotene (23.73%), 2-cis-9-octadecinyl octaethanol (16.99%), propyl 3-octadecyloxyoleic acid (14.34%), octacosyltrifluoroacetate (8.60%), cis-11-octadecenoic acid (7.49%), heptacosan (6.01%), 2-bromocataladecan (5.24%), β-sitosterol (4.49%), respectively. Halogen-containing biologically active compounds were found for the first time in Tamarix genus. In addition, some amount of the nitrogen-containing compounds has been identified, which also were not previously found in lipophilic extracts of Tamarix.Forcitation:Ikhsanov Y.S., Abilov Z.A., Sultanova N.A., Choudhary M.I. Investigation of components of hexane extract from tamarix hispida by method of gas chromatography. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 6. P. 83-87
Uddannelsesforståelser i læreruddannelsen - belyst gennem litteraturstudier og empiriske undersøgelser blandt undervisere
Authors: Lund Jens Hansen
Published: June 2018

Baseret på kondensering af international forskning og empirisk materiale fra dansk læreruddannelse diskuteres begrebet uddannelsesforståelse i artiklen. Dette begreb anvendes som samlebetegnelse for grundlæggende antagelser om uddannelsen og artiklen tematiserer, hvordan aktører i og omkring læreruddannelsen løbende kan være i dialog om, reflektere over, udvikle og kritisere sådanne grundlæggende antagelser. Uddannelsesforståelse fremhæves som et nyere og indtil videre fagligt svagt funderet begreb, men der argumenteres for den afgørende betydning af eksplicit og kritisk refleksion over sådanne forståelser. Begrebet er kun i meget begrænset omfang adresseret internationalt, men baseret på en bredere litteratursøgning inden for feltet identificeres tre overordnede temaer, som formaterer litteratursøgningens resultater: 1) ”Sammenhæng” som en grundlæggende uddannelsesdidaktisk kategori, der er hyppigt og normativt anvendt men sjældent defineret. 2) Anbefalinger til læreruddannelsen som helhed er oftest baseret på et snævert fokus fx et bestemt fag eller en bestemt pædagogisk værdi. 3) Empiriske aktørperspektiver er sjældent anvendt og studenterperspektiver har dominans i de eksempler, der findes. På baggrund af disse tre tematiseringer udvikles der en række spørge- og opmærksomhedsfelter, som fremtidige studier i uddannelsesforståelser kan lade sig inspirere af. Som afslutning opstilles tre forskellige modeller for, hvorledes løbende kritiske drøftelser af grundlæggende antagelser om læreruddannelsen kan komme til stede i organiseringen af uddannelsens indhold og samarbejdet mellem underviserne.Abstract: Basic Beliefs in Teacher Education. Departing from international research literature and Danish empirical research, the article seek nuances in and discuss the notion of basic beliefs in and of teacher education. The research calls for this kind of discussions but the article also shows that both research and educational practices are  rather poor of systematic approaches to the field of basic educational assumptions. Analysis of the literature identify a set of points for attention: 1) The notion of coherence is often used, but seldom defined in research about basic beliefs in teacher education. 2) General advice to teacher education is often based on more focused research i.e. a single subject ore a single pedagogical value. 3)  Subject perspectives are seldom used in the research and if they are, student perspectives dominate. Finally, the article presents three different ways of anchoring discussions of basic beliefs in the practice of teacher education.
Rum for udvikling af praksis-, professions- og forskningsviden?
Authors: Molbæk Mette , Hølvig Mikkelsen Sidse
Published: June 2018

Resumé Denne artikel adresserer muligheder og udfordringer i relationerne mellem læreruddannelse, profession og forskning og har til formål at undersøge, hvordan samspillet mellem den praksis (og teori), der er i folkeskolen, og den teori (og praksis), lærere og lærerstuderende møder på grund- og efteruddannelsen, kan faciliteres. Problemstillingen behandles teoretisk og empirisk med udgangspunkt i et forsknings- og udviklingsprojekt designet med intentionen om at skabe ligeværdige og udviklende møder mellem praksis-, professions- og forskningsviden. I artiklen præsenterer vi fund vedrørende den måde, vi organiserer forsknings- og udviklingsprojekter på, samt forhold omkring tid og muligheden for en dybere forståelse af praksis. Konklusionen er, at hvis vi vil facilitere møder mellem forskellige typer af viden og ad den vej skabe reel kompetenceudvikling for alle involverede aktører, er vi nødt til at rammesætte vores forsknings- og udviklingsprojekter, så de både understøtter en systematisk og differentieret tilgang, og vi må prioritere tid til fordybelse samt udvikle en samarbejdende kultur med fokus på en analyserende tilgang til udvikling af alle aktørers praksis. Vores fund og konklusioner indeholder endvidere nye perspektiver på, hvordan vi kan se og praktisere læreruddannelse.Abstract This article addresses challenges in the relations between teacher education, profession and research and aims to explore how we can increase the interaction between the practice (and theory) in schools and the theory (and practice) teachers and student teachers meet in pre- and inservice training.    The problem area is discussed theoretically and empirically based on a research and development project designed with the aim to facilitate equal and developing meetings between practice knowledge, professional knowledge and research knowledge. In the article, we present findings regarding the way we organize research and development project as well as aspect of time and the opportunity for deeper understandings of practice. The conclusion is that if we want to facilitate meetings between different types of knowledge we need to frame our research and development projects so they support both a systematic and differentiated approach, we need to prioritize time and we need to create cultures of cooperation which stress an analyzing approach to all participants practices. Our findings and conclusion also entail new perspectives of how we should understand and practice teacher education.
UPOREDNA ANALIZA MOTORIČKIH SPOSOBNOSTI UČENIKA PRVIH RAZREDA SREDNJIH ŠKOLA PRIMJENOM EURO FIT BATERIJE TESTOVA
Authors: Guzina Bojan , Trivun Milomir , Marković Miloslav
Published: June 2018

Na uzorku ispitanika od 30 dječaka prvog razreda banjalučke Gimnazije, uzrasta 15 godina +/_ 6 mjeseci, i 28 učenika prvog razreda srednje Tehničke škole u Gradišci primjenjeno je sedam testova iz Euro fit baterije. Cilj ovog istraživanja je da se primjenom Eurofita utvrde razlike u motoričkim sposobnostima učenika prvog razreda, između dvije srednje škole, a u svrhu procjene njihovog trenutnog motoričkog statusa i daljeg programiranja rada na osnovu dobijenih rezultata. Rezultati su pokazali da testovi skok u dalj iz mjesta i trbušnjaci za 30 sekundi najviše diskriminišu rezultati između dvije škole.Takodje se može zaljučiti da su učenici iz Gimnazije u većini testova imali bolje rezultate.
TEORIJA, ISTRAŽIVANJE I PRAKSA U SPORTSKOM MENADŽMENTU: SPORTSKI MENADŽMENT KAO PROJEKTNI MENADŽMENT U NASTAVI IZ BORILAČKIH VJEŠTINA
Authors: Ohrberg Jonas , Crnogorac Branislav , Zelihic Maja
Published: June 2018

Članovi akademske zajednice koja se bavi sportskim menadžmentom redovno raspravljaju o razvoju teorije te discipline i poziciji koju zauzima sportski menadžment u akademskoj zajednici. Došli su do zajedničkog stava da razvoj opće-inkluzivne teorije o sportskom menadžmentu predstavlja izazov. Nedostatak akademske suverenosti i odsustvo jasne i tačno određene teorijske podloge su nepovoljno utjecali na razvoj postojane teorije o sportskom menadžmentu. Uslijed prepreka pri razvoju teorije i jasnog usmjerenja sportskog menadžmenta kao jedinstvene akademske discipline, treba razmotriti prirodu sporta i prepoznati praktičnu i akademsku vezu između sportskog menadžmenta i projektnog menadžmenta. Sportski menadžment u sklopu projektnog menadžmenta je novi smjer u disciplini i načinu uspostavljanja općeg razumijevanja sportskog menadžmenta u praktičnom akademskom smislu.
КАПАЦИТЕТИ АКРЕДИТОВАНИХ ИСПИТНИХ ЛАБОРАТОРИЈА ЗА ХРАНУ У БОСНИ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНИ У 2017. ГОДИНИ У ОДНОСУ НА ПОДРУЧЈА АКРЕДИТАЦИЈЕ
Authors: ГОЛИЋ Бојан , НЕДИЋ Драго , ДОЈЧИНОВИЋ Слободан
Published: June 2018

Акредитовање подразумијева формално признање да јенеко тијело за оцјењивање усаглашености (лабораторија) компетентно даспроводи активности оцјењивања усаглашености у складу са међународноприхваћеним правилима. Акредитовање тијела за оцјењивање усаглашеностиу Босни и Херцеговини (БиХ) спроводи Институт за акредитовање БиХ (БАТА).Акредитација лабораторија осигурава повјерење у резултате лабораторијскихиспитивања, а врши се према стандарду BAS EN ISO/IEC 17025:2006. Испитнелабораторије за храну у ширем смислу обухватају лабораторије које се бавеиспитивањем хране, хране за животиње, воде за пиће и брисева површина. Циљиспитивања је утврдити капацитете акредитованих испитних лабораторија захрану у БиХ у односу на области испитивања односно подручја акредитације. Наовај начин добио би се јасан увид у спремност испитних лабораторија за хрануда одговоре захтјевима са становишта контроле хране у циљу заштите здрављаживотиња и људи. Током 2017. године у БиХ укупно је било акредитовано 29испитних лабораторија за храну, у Републици Српској 8, а у Федерацији БиХ21 лабораторија. Од укупно 13 акредитованих подручја испитивања у БиХ,лабораторије у Републици Српској су акредитовале 10 (76,90%), а у ФедерацијиБиХ 13 подручја (100%). Када су у питању различите области испитивања хране,БиХ посједује капацитете у виду акредитованих лабораторија да одговори наове захтјеве, а посебно су значајни капацитети за физичко-хемијска испитивањахране и воде и микробиолошка испитивања хране (преко 55% акредитованихлабораторија). Затим слиједе микробиолошка испитивања хране за животиње иводе и токсиколошко испитивање резидуа и контаминената у храни (преко 30%акредитованих лабораторија).
КАПАЦИТЕТИ АКРЕДИТОВАНИХ ИСПИТНИХ ДИЈАГНОСТИЧКИХ ВЕТЕРИНАРСКИХ ЛАБОРАТОРИЈА У БОСНИ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНИ У 2017. ГОДИНИ, СА СТАНОВИШТА ДИЈАГНОСТИЧКИХ ИСПИТИВАЊА У ВЕТЕРИНАРСТВУ, У ОДНОСУ НА ПОДРУЧЈА АКРЕДИТАЦИЈЕ
Authors: ГОЛИЋ Бојан , НЕДИЋ Драго , ДОЈЧИНОВИЋ Слободан
Published: June 2018

Акредитовање подразумијева формално признање да је некотијело за оцјењивање усаглашености (лабораторија) компетентно да спроводиактивности оцјењивања усаглашености у складу са међународно прихваћенимправилима. Институт за акредитовање БиХ (БАТА) спроводи акредитовање тије-ла за оцјењивање усаглашености у Босни и Херцеговини (БиХ).Испитне дијагностичке ветеринарске лабораторије подразумијевају лабора-торије које се баве испитивањем материјала поријеклом од животиња.Циљ испитивања је утврдити капацитете акредитованих испитних дијагно-стичких ветеринарских лабораторија у БиХ у односу на области испитивања, од-носно подручја акредитације. На овај начин добио би се јасан увид у спремностиспитних дијагностичких ветеринарских лабораторија да одговоре захтјевима састановишта контроле здравља животиња, у циљу заштите здравља животиња иљуди.Током 2017. године у БиХ укупно је било акредитовано шест дијагностичкихветеринарских лабораторија, по три у Републици Српској и Федерацији БиХ.Од укупно седам акредитованих подручја испитивања у БиХ, лабораторије уРепублици Српској акредитовале су свих седам подручја (100%), а у ФедерацијиБиХ акредитовале су шест подручја (85,70%). У испитним дијагностичким вете-ринарским лабораторијама у БиХ укупно је акредитована 41 различита испит-на метода. Од тога је у Републици Српској акредитовано 30 испитних метода(73,20%), а у Федерацији БиХ 31 метода (75,60%).Када су у питању различите области ветеринарских дијагностичких испити-вања, БиХ посједује капацитете у виду акредитованих лабораторија да одгово-ри на ове захтјеве, а посебно су значајни капацитети за серолошка (100% акре-дитованих лабораторија), бактериолошка (66,70% акредитованих лабораторија)и паразитолошка испитивања (50% акредитованих лабораторија). У односу наукупан број акредитованих испитних метода, према врсти животиња, највишеиспитних метода акредитовано је за дијагностику болести говеда (у РепублициСрпској 36,70%, у Федерацији БиХ 38,70%, а на нивоу БиХ 33,30%), затим задијагностику болести оваца и коза и болести птица.
Source apportionment of water use during vegetation succession on the Loess Plateau, China
Authors: Enhao Chang , Peng Li , Zhanbin Li , Lie Xiao , Guoce Xu , Binhua Zhao , Yuanyi Su , Zhaohong Feng
Published: June 2018

Background. The Chinese government implemented the largest environmental recovery plan in the 1990s, the Grain for Green Project, on the Loess Plateau to prevent soil erosion. Extensive areas of cultivated land were abandoned and then gradually restored with communities of native vegetation. Little is known, however, about the successional development of these communities and their strategies of water use.

Methods. We collected soil and root samples from four vegetation communities at different stages of succession (Artemisia capillaris, A. sacrorum, Bothriochloa ischaemum and Lespedeza davurica) in the dry and wet seasons of 2015 in the Wangmaogou watershed of the Wuding River.

Results. Both the root systems and soil-water contents tended to increase with successional development and fluctuated with changes of the dry and wet seasons. Isotopic analysis indicated that the thawing of winter snow during the dry season in April provided sufficient soil water. The vegetation communities only used the water in the 0-20 cm soil layer during the early successional stage. This range increased to 0-100 cm as the succession developed, with strong seasonal variation; water was accessed from deeper soil during the dry season, and water was accessed from shallower soil during the wet season.

Discussion. Antecedent rainfall, soil-water content and root distribution strongly influenced the use of water in all four vegetation communities. In the process of restoration and succession of vegetation communities, the behavior characteristics and water absorption strategies of the root system are the important theoretical basis for optimizing the selection of species and accelerating the speed of ecological restoration in Chinese Loess Plateau.
Horizontally transferred genes in the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi
Authors: Hernandez Alexandra M , Ryan Joseph F
Published: June 2018

Horizontal gene transfer has had major impacts on the biology of a wide range of organisms from antibiotic resistance in bacteria to adaptations to herbivory in arthropods. A growing body of literature shows that horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between non-animals and animals is more commonplace than previously thought. In this study, we present a thorough investigation of HGT in the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi. We applied tests of phylogenetic incongruence to identify nine genes that were likely transferred horizontally early in ctenophore evolution from bacteria and non-metazoan eukaryotes. All but one of these HGTs (an uncharacterized protein) are homologous to characterized enzymes, supporting previous observations that genes encoding enzymes are more likely to be retained after HGT events. We found that the majority of these nine horizontally transferred genes were expressed during development, suggesting that they are active and play a role in the biology of M. leidyi. This is the first report of HGT in ctenophores, and contributes to an ever-growing literature on the prevalence of genetic information flowing between non-animals and animals.
Developmental deprivation-induced perceptual and cortical processing deficits in awake-behaving animals
Authors: Yao Justin D , Sanes Dan H
Published: June 2018

Sensory deprivation during development induces lifelong changes to central nervous system function that are associated with perceptual impairments. However, the relationship between neural and behavioral deficits is uncertain due to a lack of simultaneous measurements during task performance. Therefore, we telemetrically recorded from auditory cortex neurons in gerbils reared with developmental conductive hearing loss as they performed an auditory task in which rapid fluctuations in amplitude are detected. These data were compared to a measure of auditory brainstem temporal processing from each animal. We found that developmental HL diminished behavioral performance, but did not alter brainstem temporal processing. However, the simultaneous assessment of neural and behavioral processing revealed that perceptual deficits were associated with a degraded cortical population code that could be explained by greater trial-to-trial response variability. Our findings suggest that the perceptual limitations that attend early hearing loss are best explained by an encoding deficit in auditory cortex.
An expanded allosteric network in PTP1B by multitemperature crystallography, fragment screening, and covalent tethering
Authors: Keedy Daniel A , Hill Zachary B , Biel Justin T , Kang Emily , Rettenmaier T Justin , Brandão-Neto José , Pearce Nicholas M , von Delft Frank , Wells James A , Fraser James S
Published: June 2018

Allostery is an inherent feature of proteins, but it remains challenging to reveal the mechanisms by which allosteric signals propagate. A clearer understanding of this intrinsic circuitry would afford new opportunities to modulate protein function. Here, we have identified allosteric sites in protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) by combining multiple-temperature X-ray crystallography experiments and structure determination from hundreds of individual small-molecule fragment soaks. New modeling approaches reveal 'hidden' low-occupancy conformational states for protein and ligands. Our results converge on allosteric sites that are conformationally coupled to the active-site WPD loop and are hotspots for fragment binding. Targeting one of these sites with covalently tethered molecules or mutations allosterically inhibits enzyme activity. Overall, this work demonstrates how the ensemble nature of macromolecular structure, revealed here by multitemperature crystallography, can elucidate allosteric mechanisms and open new doors for long-range control of protein function.
Citing Retracted Papers Affects Education and Librarianship, so Distorted Academic Metrics Need a Correction
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Jaime A. , Dobránszki Judit
Published: June 2018

A recent paper published in JLSC (Bakker & Riegelman, 2018) noted that the retracted status of 40% of 812 records for 144 retracted papers, including as much as 26.3% of the published PDFs, in the mental health field were not clearly indicated as such. Even though a weak visual indication of the retracted status of a retracted paper limits the necessary information available to the public and readership indicating that such literature should no longer be used or cited, there are other reasons why retracted literature continues to be cited. In this commentary, we reflect on additional factors and explain how this might affect bibliometrics and scientometrics, and thus librarianship and education. Moreover, we make proposals for actions that would be necessary to avoid citing retracted papers and efficiently correct the records where retracted papers have been cited. We introduce a prototype concept of the corrected journal impact factor (cJIF) to correct the most widespread journal-based metric, the Clarivate Analytics journal impact factor (JIF), as a possible solution to correct journal-based metrics that may have become distorted by the citation of retracted papers.
Gastrointestinal transit time and heart rate variability in patients with mild acquired brain injury
Authors: Enevoldsen Johannes , Vistisen Simon T. , Krogh Klaus , Nielsen Jørgen F. , Knudsen Karoline , Borghammer Per , Andersen Henning
Published: June 2018

Background

Constipation is suspected to occur frequently after acquired brain injury (ABI). In patients with ABI, heart rate variability (HRV) is reduced suggesting autonomic dysfunction. Autonomic dysfunction may be associated with prolonged gastrointestinal transit time (GITT). The primary aim of this study was to investigate if GITT is prolonged in patients with ABI. Secondarily, HRV and its correlation with GITT was investigated.

Methods

We included 25 patients with ABI (18 men, median age: 61.3 years, range [30.7–74.5]). GITT was assessed using radio-opaque markers and HRV was calculated from 24-hour electrocardiograms. Medical records were reviewed for important covariates, including primary diagnosis, time since injury, functional independence measure, and use of medication. The GITT assessed in patients was compared to a control group of 25 healthy subjects (18 men, median age: 61.5 years, range [34.0–70.9]).

Results

In ABI patients, the mean GITT was significantly longer than in healthy controls (2.68 days, 95% CI [2.16–3.19] versus (1.92 days, 95% CI [1.62–2.22], p = 0.011)). No correlation was found between HRV and GITT.

Conclusion

Patients with mild to moderate ABI have prolonged GITT unrelated to the HRV.
Quantitative histological models suggest endothermy in plesiosaurs
Authors: Fleischle Corinna V. , Wintrich Tanja , Sander P. Martin
Published: June 2018

Background

Plesiosaurs are marine reptiles that arose in the Late Triassic and survived to the Late Cretaceous. They have a unique and uniform bauplan and are known for their very long neck and hydrofoil-like flippers. Plesiosaurs are among the most successful vertebrate clades in Earth’s history. Based on bone mass decrease and cosmopolitan distribution, both of which affect lifestyle, indications of parental care, and oxygen isotope analyses, evidence for endothermy in plesiosaurs has accumulated. Recent bone histological investigations also provide evidence of fast growth and elevated metabolic rates. However, quantitative estimations of metabolic rates and bone growth rates in plesiosaurs have not been attempted before.

Methods

Phylogenetic eigenvector maps is a method for estimating trait values from a predictor variable while taking into account phylogenetic relationships. As predictor variable, this study employs vascular density, measured in bone histological sections of fossil eosauropterygians and extant comparative taxa. We quantified vascular density as primary osteon density, thus, the proportion of vascular area (including lamellar infillings of primary osteons) to total bone area. Our response variables are bone growth rate (expressed as local bone apposition rate) and resting metabolic rate (RMR).

Results

Our models reveal bone growth rates and RMRs for plesiosaurs that are in the range of birds, suggesting that plesiosaurs were endotherm. Even for basal eosauropterygians we estimate values in the range of mammals or higher.

Discussion

Our models are influenced by the availability of comparative data, which are lacking for large marine amniotes, potentially skewing our results. However, our statistically robust inference of fast growth and fast metabolism is in accordance with other evidence for plesiosaurian endothermy. Endothermy may explain the success of plesiosaurs consisting in their survival of the end-Triassic extinction event and their global radiation and dispersal.
Kinetic analysis and structural studies of a high‐efficiency laccase from Cerrena sp. RSD1
Authors: Wu Meng‐Hsuan , Lee Cheng‐Chung , Hsiao An‐Shan , Yu Su‐May , Wang Andrew H.‐J. , Ho Tuan‐Hua David
Published: June 2018

A high‐efficiency laccase, DLac, was isolated from Cerrena sp. RSD1. The kinetic studies indicate that DLac is a diffusion‐limited enzyme. The crystal structure of DLac was determined to atomic resolution, and its overall structure shares high homology to monomeric laccases, but displays unique substrate‐binding loops from those in other laccases. The substrate‐binding residues with small side chain and the short substrate‐binding loop IV broaden the substrate‐binding cavity and may facilitate large substrate diffusion. Unlike highly glycosylated fungal laccases, the less‐glycosylated DLac contains one highly conserved glycosylation site at N432 and an unique glycosylation site at N468. The N‐glycans stabilize the substrate‐binding loops and the protein structure, and the first N‐acetylglucosamine is crucial for the catalytic efficiency. Additionally, a fivefold increase in protein yield is achieved via the submerged culture method for industrial applications.

Database

The atomic coordinates of the structure of DLac from Cerrena sp. RSD1 and structural factors have been deposited in the RCSB Protein Data Bank (PDB ID: 5Z1X).
Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica filamentous hemagglutinins are processed at different sites
Authors: Jurnecka David , Man Petr , Sebo Peter , Bumba Ladislav
Published: June 2018

Filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) mediates adherence and plays an important role in lower respiratory tract infections by pathogenic Bordetellae. The mature FHA proteins of B. pertussis (Bp‐FHA) and the B. bronchiseptica (Bb‐FHA) are generated by processing of the respective FhaB precursors by the autotransporter subtilisin‐type protease SphB1. We have used bottom‐up proteomics with differential 16O/18O labeling and show that despite high‐sequence conservation of the corresponding FhaB segments, the mature Bp‐FHA (~ 230 kDa) and Bb‐FHA (~ 243 kDa) proteins are processed at different sites of FhaB, after the Ala‐2348 and Lys‐2479 residues, respectively. Moreover, protease surface accessibility probing by on‐column (on‐line) digestion of the Bp‐FHA and Bb‐FHA proteins yielded different peptide patterns, revealing structural differences in the N‐terminal and C‐terminal domains of the Bp‐FHA and Bb‐FHA proteins. These data indicate specific structural variations between the highly homologous FHA proteins.
Lasers, Gas
Authors: Eichler Hans Joachim , Usenov Iskander
Published: June 2018

This article reviews the characteristics of gas lasers that are important as both scientific and industrial tools. The basic principles common to the operation of all gas lasers and a few of their general properties are discussed. The lasers are categorized according to the pumping mechanisms of the upper laser level: electron impact excitation (copper and gold lasers and argon‐ and krypton‐ion lasers), excitation transfer (He–Ne laser, He–Cd laser, and CO2laser), reactive collision lasers (excimer lasers: ArF, KrF, XeCl, and XeF), chemical lasers (HF and iodine laser), and other lasers in the far‐infrared (IR), ultraviolet, and X‐ray regions. Selected applications of pulsed and continuous gas lasers are presented in material processing, marking and laser evaporation, microlithography, photochemical processing, stereolithography, and medicine.
Pushing the Envelope: Achieving an Open‐Circuit Voltage of 1.18 V for Unalloyed MAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells of a Planar Architecture
Authors: Wang Yajuan , Liang Yongqi , Zhang Yongfei , Yang Wei , Sun Licheng , Xu Dongsheng
Published: June 2018

After an overwhelmingly fast increase during the period from 2009 to 2016, the power conversion efficiency of hybrid perovskite solar cells levels at ≈22% during the past two years. Every small advance to theoretical limits of the photovoltaic metrics will significantly deepen the understanding of internal processes inside the perovskite solar cells. Here, by introducing chloroform as the antisolvent, the one‐step deposition method to fabricate methylammonium lead tri‐iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite films under ambient air condition is optimized. With MAPbI3 solar cells of a planar architecture, a record high Voc of 1.18 V is obtained under simulated AM1.5 sunlight. The achievement helps pure MAPbI3 to reestablish its potential as a model compound for research in hybrid perovskite solar cells. After systematic comparison on different electron transport layers (SnO2 and TiO2) and fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates of different roughness for photon trapping inside MAPbI3 solar cells, the remaining 0.14 V Voc loss is elucidated to be due to the poor luminescent property of the MAPbI3 films.