bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Guided Inquiry Model with PASAGI Media to Improve Learning Outcomes on Cell Material
Authors: Hikam Syifa Maharani , Kurniasih Surti , Rozalina Devi Putri
Published: January 2024

Background: Social discrimination based on a person's ethnic and cultural background still often occurs in Indonesia, this is due to feelings of superiority as someone with a better background. There is a need to introduce culture and ethnicity through classroom learning, and low student learning outcomes are often found in cell material because this material is an abstract concept for students. Methods: Data collection uses test and non-test instruments, test instruments in the form of multiple choice questions and non-test instruments through response questionnaires. The data obtained was then analyzed using the Microsoft-Excel application. Results: Based on the data analysis that has been carried out, student learning outcomes increase and the N-gain value in cycle 1 is 79.36 and in cycle 2 is 89.39 with effective criteria. The student response questionnaire analyzed in cycle 1 as a whole had good criteria and in cycle 2 as a whole had very good criteria. Conclusion: The application of the inkuiri terbimbing model using PASAGI media can effectively improve student learning outcomes.
Keywords : guided inquiry; PASAGI; learning outcomes
مباحث في علم التأويل
Authors: إبراهيم د. عمر
Published: January 2024

مباحث في علم التأويل
Significant Modification of Pairwise-ω-continuous Functions with Associated Concepts
Authors: Atoom Ali A. , Qoqazeh Hamza , Alrababah Rahmeh , Almuhur Eman , Abu-Alkishik Nabeela
Published: January 2024

The continuity is generalized by the notion of ω-continuous functions. In this research, we present a new weaker form for continuous functions called pairwise ω-continuous functions. Additionally, we define pairwise barely ω-continuous functions, a new, weaker form of barely ω-continuous functions. We study the basic characteristics and impacts of pairwise ω-continuous functions, clarifying their connection with typical continuity and providing perspectives on the wider field of topological analysis. It explores related ideas like the ω-limit, which describes how sequences behave over certain conditions when the function is applied. In addition, the concepts highlight the importance of pairwise ω-continuous functions in theoretical and practical conditions by discussing their relationships with other functional structures. An extensive number of demonstrative examples will be presented, along with the new results and theorems about pairwise barely ω-continuous and pairwise ω-continuous functions that generalize.
A táj és a haza „petőfiesítése”
Authors: Milbacher Róbert
Published: January 2024

This paper analyses Petőfi’s Travel Notes which documents his travels in Upper Hungary. It examines Petőfi’s work as a source of identity construction, focusing on the texts creating his own sense of being Hungarian. They show us that taking possession of the national landscape and past comes with the appropriation of some parts of the aristocratic identity.
Petőfi Sándor és a hiteles kép
Authors: Bódi Katalin
Published: January 2024

The history of Sándor Petőfi’s visual representations can be examined with the concept of the true image of Hans Belting which makes a connection between faith and picture: the existence of Christ is confirmed by portraits for Christian worshipers and pictures have their devotional function for Christian communities. There are many portraits and genre paintings made during Petőfi’s life, but thanks to his cult there were many pictures painted of him even after his death. It is known to posterity that his portrait was recorded in a daguerreotype in the 1840s, but its status in his cult is still uncertain, because it was only found in 1868 in the legacy of her wife Júlia Szendrey, meaning that his depictions right after his death were based above all on the painting tradition and the personal practice of remembrance. In the 1870’s, after the presentation of the daguerreotype to the larger public, there was a debate in the press about the true image of Petőfi, which shows a rivalry between artistic and technical portraits. In my paper, I review the changing relationship between Petőfi’s pictorial representations and the concept of the true image in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
Differential correlates of fear and anxiety in salience perception: A behavioral and ERP study with adolescents
Authors: Oliveira M. , Fernandes C. , Barbosa F. , Ferreira-Santos F.
Published: January 2024

Anxiety disorders are the most common psychopathologies among adolescents. Their diagnostic criteria include both fear and anxiety symptomatology, although according to the literature, we can find evidence for some distinction between these two emotions. The present study contribute to this distinction, exploring the effects of trait fear and trait anxiety on behavioral and neural correlates. Thirty-two participants (aged 11–16 years) performed two experimental tasks of salient target detection, including visual stimuli that were manipulated to become salient, while reaction times and EEG were recorded. Results of both tasks revealed differential effects of trait fear and trait anxiety assessed through the Fear Survey Schedule for Children-Revised and the Youth Anxiety Measure for DSM-5 on reaction times and ERP components amplitudes. Specifically, higher symptoms from Separation Anxiety Disorder increased early neural visual processing and decreased reaction times for more salient stimuli. Also, trait fear reduced later neural visual processing of salient stimuli. These findings may provide a significant contribution to guiding psychological interventions, especially with adolescents presenting higher levels of anxiety-related symptomatology.
An approach to Hurford Conditionals
Authors: Kalomoiros Alexandros
Published: January 2024

We propose a redundancy-based solution to the puzzle of Hurford con- ditionals. We argue that the puzzle goes away once we recognise that negated and unnegated Hurford disjunctions are not on par. We develop a theory, dubbed super-redundancy, that captures this contrast, and investigate how it can be paired with different approaches to conditionals. It turns out that under super-redundancy, the Hurford conditional paradigm follows under the material implication and strict semantics approaches to conditionals, but not under the variably strict semantics. Finally, we extend our theory to capture some puzzling cases of Hurford phenom- ena that have recently received attention in Marty & Romoli (2022).
Evaluación del Aprendizaje y el Rendimiento Académico de los Cadetes de la Escuela Superior Militar de Aviación Cosme Rennella Barbatto
Authors: Villafuerte Mera Edison Daniel
Published: January 2024

El trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo evidenciar si los procedimiento de la evaluación del aprendizaje establecidos en el modelo educativo de Fuerzas Armadas 2021, incide en el rendimeinto académico de los cadetes de la Escuela Superior Militar de Aviación “Cosme Rennella Barbatto”. La metodología aplicada radicó en un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo transversal teniendo en cuenta la transaccionalidad del tiempo, permitiendo recoger la información y los datos por una sola ocasión; así mismo el nivel de alcance de la investigación fue correlacional, para poder justificar la posible de relación entre las variables evaluación del aprendizaje y rendimiento académico. Para el análisis de los resultados se recolectó los informes de evaluación del aprendizaje que reposan en los archivos del departameto de Seguimiento y Evaluación Académica, permitiendo revisar, analizar e interpretar las calificaciones finales de aprobación de los cadetes, correspondiente a las asignaturas durante el periodo académico septiembre 2022 – septiembre 2023; cuyos resultados demostraron datos positivos en el rendimeinto académico de los cadetes al momento que los docentes utilizan los procedimientos enmarcados en el modelo educativo.
ANALISIS GERAK TENDANGAN SABIT PADA ATLET PENCAK SILAT SMK NEGERI 1 GORONTALO
Authors: Lihawa Moh Ilham , Rafiater Ucok Hasian , Hidayat Syarif
Published: January 2024

Tendangan sabit merupakan salah satu teknik gerak dalam olahraga pencak silat yang mempunyai nilai tinggi dan merupakan salah satu teknik yang sering digunakan dalam pertandingan. Tujuan penelitan di lakukan untuk mengetahui analisis gerak tendangan sabit pada atlet pencak silat SMK 1 Gorontalo. Salah satu teknik dasar dalam pencak silat adalah tendangan sabit. Tendangan sabit yaitu Teknik tendangan yang lintasannya dari luar ke dalam dan menggunakan alat penyasar punggung kaki. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriktif kualitatif, dengan metode survey dan sampel sebanyak 12 orang atlet pencak silat SMK 1 Gorontalo. Teknik pengumpulan datanya yaitu perekaman gerakan dengan pengambilan video 4 sisi yaitu kiri, kanan, belakang, dan depan atlet setelah itu dianalisis menggunakan aplikasi kinovea serta kebenaran gerak dari penilaian oleh tim ahli pencak silat. Analisis   data   dilakukan   dengan   analisis kuantitatif deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dari keseluruhan 12 sampel diantaranya 3 dinyatakan sangat baik, 9 dinyatakan baik dan 1 dinyatakan cukup baik. Jika di persentasekan sebagai berikut: 67% dinyatakan baik, 25 % sangat baik, dan 8% yang dinyatakan cukup baik.
KECEPATAN TENDANGAN PESILAT PUSAT PENDIDIKAN DAN LATIHAN OLAHRAGA PELAJAR GORONTALO 2023
Authors: Hidayat Syarif , Kadir Suprianto , Haryanto Arief Ibnu , Refiater Ucok Hasian
Published: January 2024

Olahraga pencak silat, mempunyai beragam jenis tendangan yang dapat dipakai dalam pertandingan maupun kesenian. Pelatih yang baik tentunya akan memperhatikan perkembangan secara detail dari kemampuan atletnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk melakukan survei kecepatan tendangan Pesilat Pusat Pendidikan dan Latihan Pelajar (PPLP) Provinsi Gorontalo. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan survei dan teknik tes. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu atlet pencak silat yang berlatih di Pusat Pendidikan Latihan Pelajar (PPLP) Provinsi Gorontalo tahun 2023 yang berjumlah 22 atlet. Sedangkan sampel diambil dengan teknik Accidental Sampling dikarenakan kebetulan atlet pencak silat yang ditemui berjumlah 14 yang terdiri dari 9 atlet putra dan 5 atlet putri. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen pengukuran kecepatan tendangan yang diadaptasi dari buku Johansyah Lubis. Hasilnya, untuk tendangan depan sebagian besar memperoleh kategori cukup. Tendangan sabit sebagian besar memperoleh kategori baik. Sedangan tendangan samping sebagian besar memperoleh kategori kurang. Pelatih hendaknya menggunakan metode latihan yang tepat guna. Pelatih hendaknya mengikuti program periodisasi latihan yang telah dibuat mulai dari tahapan latihan umum sampai dengan pra kompetisi agar mempunyai hasil yang diinginkan.
Updated distributional checklist of the genus Pytho Latreille, 1796 of the Palearctic realm with the first records of P. abieticola J. R. Sahlberg, 1875 from Lithuania and the family Pythidae (Coleoptera) from Moldova and Serbia
Authors: Jaskuła Radomir , Ćoso Denis , Tamutis Vytautas , Ferenca Romas
Published: January 2024

Pytho Latreille, 1796 is a small genus of the dead log bark beetles (Coleoptera, Pythidae). All species are distributed in the Holarctic, being recognised as typically boreal taxa, but knowledge about the geographical ranges of particular taxa is far from complete.

The updated distributional checklist of the genus Pytho of the Palearctic is given, based on literature and new records, including citizen-scientific data. Pytho depressus and the family Pythidae are recorded for the first time from the Republic of Moldova (Municipality of Chișinău) and the Republic of Serbia (Municipality of Voždovac) and P. abieticola is recorded for the first time from Lithuania (Alytus District Municipality, Ignalina District Municipality and Kaišiadorys District Municipality).
The Voltage Effect
Authors: List John A.
Published: January 2024

Les entreprises, les gouvernements et les particuliers ont eu à faire face à la mise à l’échelle de leurs idées, parfois avec succès, mais trop souvent sans succès. Le passage à l’échelle est au cœur de mon livre The Voltage Effect (2022). Dans ce livre et dans cet article, je cherche à expliciter ce que j’ai appris en utilisant l’économie pour comprendre le monde. L’article commence par décrire les origines de mon travail sur la mise à l’échelle et de The Voltage Effect. La mise à l’échelle a longtemps été considérée comme un art, mais il y avait clairement un besoin de compréhension scientifique. Après les origines, on trouvera un aperçu de certains des principaux enseignements de The Voltage Effect : l’identification des idées susceptibles d’être transposées à plus grande échelle et les outils permettant de transposer ces idées à plus grande échelle .
Comment la prévention remet en cause les monopoles d’assurance : le principe de non-équivalence des obligations d’assurance et d’auto-assurance
Authors: Pannequin François , Corcos Anne
Published: January 2024

Dans un contexte de montée inexorable de la fréquence des risques climatiques et des catastrophes naturelles, les politiques publiques n’ont d’autre choix que de tâcher d’en contenir l’ampleur. Nous étendons le modèle de monopole d’assurance de Stiglitz [1977] pour étudier l’efficacité de trois schémas de couverture : la présence d’opportunités d’auto-assurance, les obligations d’assurance ou d’auto-assurance. Nous mettons en évidence trois résultats fondamentaux. Premièrement, l’existence d’opportunités d’auto-assurance crée un contre-pouvoir au pouvoir de marché d’un monopole d’assurance. Nous montrons en effet que, par rapport à un marché monopolistique avec assurance seule, les opportunités d’auto-assurance constituent, pour l’assureur, une menace qui a pour effet de réduire son pouvoir de marché et d’augmenter le bien-être des assurés. Deuxièmement, dans ce contexte, nous constatons qu’une obligation d’assurance aura des effets délétères sur l’assuré en dégradant sa situation et en rendant son pouvoir à l’assureur. Finalement, la propriété de substituabilité entre assurance et auto-assurance nous conduit à nous interroger sur les effets d’une obligation d’auto-assurance. Il ressort de notre modèle qu’auto-assurance obligatoire et assurance obligatoire ont des effets non équivalents. En effet, bien que l’obligation d’auto-assurance réduise la taille du marché de l’assureur, elle n’a aucun impact sur le bien-être de l’assuré. Les implications de ces politiques publiques sont discutées . Classification JEL  : D86, D42, G22.
Contrôle des chômeurs : sanctions et degré de preuve dans un modèle avec hétérogénéité de richesse
Authors: Ménard Sébastien , Tanguy Solenne
Published: January 2024

Cet article s’intéresse à l’application de la législation sur le contrôle des chômeurs par les conseillers Pôle emploi. Nous développons un modèle à trois agents (législateur, contrôleur et chômeur) avec asymétries d’information : l’effort de recherche des chômeurs et le comportement du contrôleur ne sont pas parfaitement observables. Nous montrons que lorsque le législateur prévoit des sanctions plus strictes, le contrôleur étant averse à l’erreur choisit un degré de preuve plus élevé afin d’éviter de sanctionner injustement les chômeurs. Des sanctions plus sévères ont donc un effet ambigu sur les incitations fournies aux chômeurs. Cet effet est hétérogène en fonction de leur niveau de richesse. L’introduction d’un système d’avertissements avant sanction renforce la crédibilité du contrôle en révélant de l’information sur le comportement des chômeurs. Classification JEL : D82, H53, J65, J68.
Quels facteurs expliquent la faible coopération en horticulture ?
Authors: Blondel Serge , Noet Ngoc-Thao
Published: January 2024

Cet article étudie le comportement des horticulteurs face à l’urgence de coopérer pour mener des actions collectives. Ces dernières existent, mais sont souvent le résultat d’opérations ponctuelles. Lors d’un jeu du bien public, dans une enquête rémunérée en ligne, si les acteurs se révèlent altruistes et coopératifs, un biais apparaît : ils se jugent plus coopératifs que les autres, alors qu’en réalité ils ne le sont pas. Cet effet explique que les actions collectives ne se maintiennent pas, et que la chaîne de la réciprocité se défasse. Notre étude révèle aussi un profil type d’horticulteurs qui s’engageraient dans les organismes professionnels : les mobiliser permettrait ainsi aux actions collectives d’être appliquées et de durer. Classification JEL  : C93, D71, Q13.
Deep Learning-Based Soil Nutrient Content Prediction for Crop Yield Estimation
Authors: Sharma Iti , Kumar Nimish , Verma Himanshu
Published: January 2024

This chapter proposes a deep learning-based approach for predicting soil nutrient content and its impact on crop yield. The objective is to develop an accurate model that can assist farmers in making informed decisions about nutrient management and improving crop productivity. The proposed approach employs a combination of a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks for analyzing soil samples and forecasting nutrient content. Subsequently, the trained model is harnessed to assess the influence of soil nutrient content on crop yield, taking into account factors like climate, water availability, and soil type. The approach was tested on publicly available soil nutrient and crop yield datasets of soil samples collected from different regions and crops. The findings illustrate that the suggested model surpasses conventional approaches and attains remarkable precision in forecasting soil nutrient levels and crop yield.
Predictive Patient-Centric Healthcare
Authors: Gadicha Ajay B. , Gadicha Vijay B. , Zuhair Mohammad
Published: January 2024

In this chapter, the authors propose a novel recommendation algorithm for patient-centric healthcare that utilizes learning applications. The algorithm aims to predict and recommend suitable learning applications to patients based on their individual needs and preferences. By leveraging machine learning techniques and patient data, the algorithm analyzes various factors such as medical history, demographics, and personal interests to generate personalized recommendations. This patient-centric approach enhances the healthcare experience by empowering patients to actively engage in their own health management and education. The algorithm's effectiveness is evaluated through experiments and comparisons with existing recommendation methods, demonstrating its potential to improve patient outcomes and overall healthcare quality.
OTT Platforms From the Perspective of Critical Algorithm Studies
Authors: Keskin Elif Karakoç
Published: January 2024

The perspective of critical algorithm studies, which focuses on the concerns that algorithmic mechanisms create or may create in the individual and social context emphasizes that it is important to examine the position of individuals who are currently using recommender systems. Recommender systems are one of the algorithmic structures aimed at keeping users constantly connected and interacting on digital platforms. It is thought that the digital togetherness enabled by media convergence necessitates a focus on recommendation systems within the data cycle of the digital platform ecosystem. This chapter attempts to focus on the effects at the intersection of algorithmic and social structures and problematize these effects in the context of OTT platforms within the framework of current concepts. Hence, the chapter focuses on describing the current state and potential concerns of personalization algorithms and recommendation systems on OTT platforms in relation to the basic conceptualizations of critical algorithm studies in the context of human-algorithm interaction.
Advancing Personalization and Recommendation Algorithms in the OTT Industry
Authors: Neyah Ruth , Vijayakumar M.
Published: January 2024

In order to deliver customised content and improve user experiences, over-the-top (OTT) providers must adopt efficient customization and recommendation algorithms as the OTT sector continues to grow. The objective of this chapter is to investigate the developments, difficulties, and best practises relating to personalization and recommendation algorithms in the over-the-top environment. The significance of customization and recommendation algorithms in the over-the-top OTT business will be covered in the proposed chapter. The proposed chapter seeks to provide readers interested in customisation and recommendation algorithms within the OTT business with useful information and helpful advice. It will discuss how the OTT market is changing and provide practical advice to OTT service providers looking to improve their users' user experiences via sophisticated personalisation and recommendation algorithms.
The Impact of OTT Services on Television Talk Shows
Authors: Paz Elisa
Published: January 2024

Television talk shows include several forms and styles depending on the time in which they are broadcast on linear television, including the morning magazine talk show, daytime programmes, and late-night entertaining shows. Airing timeslots help the audience manage their expectations regarding the tone and content of the programmes. With the eruption of over-the-top (OTT) services in the media landscape, this key aspect disappears in favour of on-demand consumption. This chapter delves into the transformative effects of OTT services on television talk show creation and engagement, exploring the evolving media landscape and the intricate interplay of content, technology, and audience dynamics in the current media age.
Interactive Causality-Enabled Adaptive Machine Learning in Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Ren Yutian , Yen Aaron , Saraj Salaar , Li GuannPyng
Published: January 2024

This chapter describes an adaptive machine learning (ML) method for the utilization of unlabeled data for continual model adaptation after deployment. Current methods for the usage of unlabeled data, such as unsupervised and semi-supervised methods, rely on being both smooth and static in their distributions. In this chapter, a generic method for leveraging causal relationships to automatically associate labels with unlabeled data using state transitions of asynchronous interacting cause and effect events is discussed. This self-labeling method is predicated on a defined causal relationship and associated temporal spacing. The theoretical foundation of the self-supervised method is discussed and compared with its contemporary semi-supervised counterparts using dynamical systems theory. Implementations of this method to adapt action recognition ML models in semiconductor manufacturing and human assembly tasks as manufacturing cyber-physical systems (CPS) are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Self-Adaptive ReLU Neural Network Method in Least-Squares Data Fitting
Authors: Cai Zhiqiang , Liu Min
Published: January 2024

This chapter provides a comprehensive introduction to a self-adaptive ReLU neural network method proposed. The purpose is to design a nearly minimal neural network architecture to achieve the prescribed accuracy for a given task in scientific machine learning such as approximating a function or a solution of partial differential equation. Starting with a small one hidden-layer neural network, the method enhances the network adaptively by adding neurons in the current or new hidden-layer based on accuracy of the current approximation. In addition, the method provides a natural process for obtaining a good initialization in training the current network. Moreover, initialization of newly added neurons at each adaptive step is discussed in detail.
ChatGPT and the Moralities of Large Language Modelling in Research Publications
Authors: Sethi Sarabjeet Singh , Sharma Priyanka , Kumar A. V. Senthil
Published: January 2024

This chapter discusses OpenAI's ChatGPT, a generative pre-trained transformer, which uses natural language processing to fulfill text-based user requests (i.e., a “chatbot”). The history and principles behind ChatGPT and similar models are discussed. This technology is then discussed in relation to its potential impact on academia and scholarly research and publishing. ChatGPT is seen as a potential model for the automated preparation of essays and other types of scholarly manuscripts. Potential ethical issues that could arise with the emergence of large language models like GPT-3, the underlying technology behind ChatGPT, and its usage by academics and researchers, are discussed and situated within the context of broader advancements in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and natural language processing for research and scholarly publishing.
Cybersecurity Beyond the Screen
Authors: Rathod Seema Babusing , Khandizod Anita G. , Mahajan Rupali A.
Published: January 2024

In our digitally connected world, the chapter takes a holistic approach to combat the pervasive challenges of online harassment and cyberbullying. These issues extend beyond screens, with far-reaching societal, psychological, and emotional consequences. This study delves into the multifaceted nature of online harassment, examining its psychological and sociological effects, particularly on vulnerable youth. By consolidating current knowledge through a comprehensive literature survey, it emphasizes the need for responses that go beyond traditional cybersecurity measures. It highlights the vital role of legal and policy frameworks in deterring perpetrators and protecting victims. Technology, including advanced content moderation, identity verification, and encryption, is presented as essential for creating a safer online environment. Education and awareness initiatives are crucial, promoting responsible digital citizenship and enabling individuals to report, prevent, and intervene in online harassment incidents.
Empowering Personal Safety Through Mobile Apps
Authors: Banerjee Sudipta , Maiti Pradipta , Biswas Soumen
Published: January 2024

Personal safety mobile apps have evolved from simple tools to sophisticated instruments that enhance personal safety. They offer features like emergency alerts, location tracking, and safety networks. These apps can transmit real-time audio, video, and location data to emergency responders and set geographical boundaries for users. They empower users by boosting their confidence to explore new environments and handle challenges. However, they also pose challenges such as privacy concerns due to constant tracking of location and personal data and technical limitations like poor network coverage or glitches. Despite these challenges, they hold great potential for the future.
Empowerment of Women Through Education and Training in Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Patil Sagar Dnyandev , Husainy Avesahemad , Hatte Prafulla Ratnakar
Published: January 2024

The creation of intelligent computer systems that are capable of carrying out activities that normally require human acumen, like visual perception, natural language processing, decision-making, and speech recognition is known as artificial intelligence (AI). This discipline is expanding quickly. Applications for AI are numerous and include banking, education, healthcare, transportation, and more. By offering creative answers to the particular problems that women encounter, artificial intelligence (AI) has the ability to empower women and advance gender equality. This chapter will examine the ways in which artificial intelligence (AI) can help women. These include AI-based tools for women's health and safety, platforms that offer career advice and skill development, financial and business management solutions for female entrepreneurs, and learning and education materials for girls and women.
Exploring Emerging Depression Symptomatology Through Social Media Text Mining
Authors: Chourasia Harshita , Mannepalli Praveen Kumar
Published: January 2024

The diagnosis and understanding of depression, a prevalent and debilitating mental disorder, presents unique challenges, particularly among females. Nowadays, clinical evaluations often rely on traditional symptomatology, which cannot capture the whole spectrum of experiences. This research used text mining algorithms to glean novel depression symptoms from several social media sites by examining the dynamic nature of women's mental health. Because of the openness with which social media users share their thoughts and feelings and the availability of massive data reservoirs, the research makes use of these features. The technique involves collecting data from many social media sources and identifying symptoms using powerful natural language processing algorithms. Because depressive symptoms, if left untreated, may manifest in harmful ways, early detection is crucial. By advocating for individualized support networks and treatments that account for the specific features of women's mental health experiences, this research hopes to raise the bar for mental healthcare.
Women's Empowerment Through AI
Authors: Pimpalkar Amit Purushottam , Wankhade Nisha Ramesh , Chole Vikrant , Golhar Yogesh
Published: January 2024

The digital era presents both opportunities and challenges for women's empowerment. Traditional safety paradigms often prove inadequate in addressing these concerns, creating a pressing need for novel approaches to anticipate and mitigate risks proactively. Addressing these disparities necessitates a two-pronged approach: fostering equitable access to technology and cultivating digital skills, enabling women to navigate online spaces safely and confidently. Empowering women in the digital era will unlock their full potential, driving innovation, economic growth, and sustainable development. AI-driven predictive safety mechanisms hold the key to anticipating potential threats and creating a safer, more inclusive digital world for all women. This chapter's overarching mission is to illuminate the transformative potential of harnessing AI alongside data analytics to revolutionize women's safety, fostering empowerment, inclusivity, and societal progress.
Disaster management in hospitals
Authors: Sathiadas M. G.
Published: January 2024

No abstract available
The Management of Death in Sri Lanka and Potential Solutions for the Future
Authors: Mayorathan U.
Published: January 2024

Death is an inevitable human occurrence, and ancient humans experienced anxiety and apprehension when faced with unnatural deaths. Prehistoric humans valued funeral proceedings and ceremonial rites due to their belief in life after death and reincarnation. Dead bodies can be disposed of legally or illegally. Legal methods include soil burials, entombment, cremation, or donation to medical institutions. Legal disposal requires certification by a medical practitioner and a death certificate. Illegal disposal involves secret burials, such as being thrown into waterways or burnt. Ancient societies used customs like burying corpses in uninhabited jungles or constructing “Towers of Silence” to prevent scavenging by animals. Sea burials are also practiced in some cases. To register a death, authorized individuals confirm its occurrence, transfer the body to undertakers for final disposition, and relatives register it with the registrar of birth, marriage, and death. Various death investigation methods have been implemented in different parts of the world, generally varying based on the investigating authority’s jurisdiction.The death investigation system of Sri Lanka is based partly on the English coroner’s system. The death investigation procedure in Sri Lanka is described in Sections 369 to 373 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CCP) of Sri Lanka 1980. However, the current inquest system has several deficiencies. It is high time to adopt a system. Sri Lanka should contemplate transitioning from the inquest system to the medical examiner system, as the medical examiner system is more efficient, and several countries followed this successfully.
Metabolic derangements and its association with the level of physical activity in obese and overweight children aged 8-14 years at Teaching Hospital, Jaffna
Authors: Thavaranjiny S. , Niruba U. , Sathiadas M. G.
Published: January 2024

Childhood obesity is a rapidly growing nutritional disorder in children. Metabolic derangements are a common problem encountered in these children. Research has shown the relationship between dietary intake and metabolic derangement. We undertook this study to see the relationship between metabolic derangements and the level of physical activity.We aimed to assess the relationship of metabolic derangements and the level of physical activity among obese and overweight children.A hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study was done in outpatient Paediatric clinics at the Teaching Hospital Jaffna. Children aged 8- 14 years with BMI above + 1SD were included in this study. The pattern of physical activity was assessed using a Physical Activity Questionnaire-S. Anthropometric measurements were taken using standard procedures and details of the laboratory investigations were obtained from the clinic record done within the immediate past six months.A total of 280 children were included. Nearly two-thirds of children were obese 63.9% (n-178), and 8.6% (n-24) and 2.9% (n-8) of children have impaired glucose and DM respectively; 23.2% (n-64) of the children had equal or more than 90th centile diastolic blood pressure, and 35% (n-98) had equal or more than 90th centile systolic blood pressure and waist circumference. Insufficient physical activity was seen in 44.3% (n-124) and 13.2% (n- 37) of these children had metabolic syndrome.BMI and metabolic derangement showed a statistically significant correlation with the activity level of a child.
CRL4b Inhibition Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Progression
Authors: Dar Asif A , Ortega Yohaniz , Aktas Sera , Wu Kenneth , Guha Ipsita , Porter Nadia , Rosen Siera , DeVita Robert J , Pan Zhen-qiang , Oliver Paula M
Published: January 2024

Multiple sclerosis, and its murine model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), is a neurodegenerative autoimmune disease of the CNS characterized by T cell influx and demyelination. Similar to other autoimmune diseases, therapies can alleviate symptoms but often come with side effects, necessitating the exploration of new treatments. We recently demonstrated that the Cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase 4b (CRL4b) aided in maintaining genome stability in proliferating T cells. In this study, we examined whether CRL4b was required for T cells to expand and drive EAE. Mice lacking Cul4b (Cullin 4b) in T cells had reduced EAE symptoms and decreased inflammation during the peak of the disease. Significantly fewer CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were found in the CNS, particularly among the CD4+ T cell population producing IL-17A, IFN-γ, GM-CSF, and TNF-α. Additionally, Cul4b-deficient CD4+ T cells cultured in vitro with their wild-type counterparts were less likely to expand and differentiate into IL-17A– or IFN-γ–producing effector cells. When wild-type CD4+ T cells were activated in vitro in the presence of the recently developed CRL4 inhibitor KH-4-43, they exhibited increased apoptosis and DNA damage. Treatment of mice with KH-4-43 following EAE induction resulted in stabilized clinical scores and significantly reduced numbers of T cells and innate immune cells in the CNS compared with control mice. Furthermore, KH-4-43 treatment resulted in elevated expression of p21 and cyclin E2 in T cells. These studies support that therapeutic inhibition of CRL4 and/or CRL4-related pathways could be used to treat autoimmune disease.
Sviluppo e validazione di un questionario per la valutazione dell’assetto organizzativo delle centrali operative di soccorso sanitario riguardo le istruzioni pre-arrivo
Authors: Imbriaco Guglielmo , Di Mario Giorgia , Tararan Sara , Ramacciati Nicola
Published: January 2024

Introduzione: le istruzioni pre-arrivo erogate dal personale delle centrali operative di soccorso sanitario sono in grado di ridurre la mortalità da arresto cardiaco extraospedaliero e di migliorare una serie di outcome. Nonostante le raccomandazioni delle linee guida internazionali e della normativa vigente a favore di questi interventi, non sono a oggi disponibili strumenti di rilevazione e monitoraggio dell’assetto organizzativo delle centrali operative di soccorso sanitario relativamente alle istruzioni pre-arrivo nella gestione dell’arresto cardiaco e altre situazioni cliniche.
Materiali e Metodi: studio di validazione di un questionario, svolto in tre fasi: i) identificazione degli argomenti (domini) e delle domande specifiche, ii) validazione di contenuto e iii) validazione di facciata da parte di infermieri esperti.
Risultati: lo strumento iniziale, composto da 30 domande articolate su sei domini, è stato modificato sulla base delle indicazioni degli esperti, portando il numero finale di domande a 38. La validità di contenuto delle singole domande (I-CVI) ha ottenuto una valutazione compresa tra 0,83 e 1; la validità complessiva del questionario (S-CVI) è stata di 0,96. La validazione di facciata delle domande della versione definitiva del questionario ha ottenuto un punteggio medio di 3,71 (±0,53), su una scala da 1 a 4.
Conclusioni: questo studio di validazione ha consentito di elaborare uno strumento completo, rilevante nei contenuti e completo e comprensibile nella forma. Gli autori ritengono che possa rappresentare un utile supporto informativo per l’implementazione di progetti di miglioramento e omogeneizzazione dell’erogazione delle istruzioni pre-arrivo nelle centrali operative di soccorso sanitario, non solo in caso di vittime di arresto cardiaco, in attuazione della Legge 116/2021.
The most commonly used spices in Thai traditional medicine: in vitro evaluation of anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant, polyphenol content, and nitric oxide production inhibitory activities
Authors: Choockong Chadchom , Itharat Arunporn , Pipatrattanaseree Weerachai , Ninlaor Theeraphong , Piwngam Krit , Intharit Ninnart , Sukkhum Supon , Davies Neal M.
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose:

Diabetes mellitus is a persistent hyperglycemic condition. Thai cuisine and medicine incorporate spices: nutmeg, mace, clove buds, cardamom, cinnamon, and coriander. The in vitro impacts of these spices on anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and total phenolic and flavonoid content were assessed.

Experimental approach:

Alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibition assays were conducted. Antioxidant potential was measured through DPPH and ABTS assays. Anti-inflammatory activity was determined by inhibiting nitric oxide generation in RAW 264.7 cells. Total phenolic content was quantified using the Folin Ciocalteu method, while total flavonoid content was estimated via the aluminum chloride colorimetric method.

Findings/Results:

Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of a blend of spices (Siam cardamom, nutmeg, mace, and clove buds), denoted as 4-GlurE and 4-GlurA, displayed concentration-dependent inhibition of alpha-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 0.373 and 0.435 mg/mL, respectively. 4-GlurE and 4-GlurA exhibited antioxidant activity, by ABTS·+ radical and DPPH scavenging capabilities. 4-GlurE demonstrated anti-inflammatory potential by reducing nitric oxide generation (IC50: 43.95 ± 2.47 μg/mL). 4-GlurE and 4-GlurA possessed total phenolic content (TPC) of 122.47 ± 1.12 and 148.72 ± 0.14 mg GAE/g, respectively. 4-GlurE exhibited a higher total flavonoid content (TFC) compared to the aqueous extract (340.33 ± 4.77 and 94.17 ± 3.36 mg QE/g). Cinnamon and clove aqueous extracts were more potent than acarbose in alpha-glucosidase inhibition with the highest antioxidant activity. Polyphenol levels (TPC and TFC) exhibited strong correlations with antioxidant capacity.

Conclusions and implications:

Findings are consistent with the traditional use of 4-Glur, with cinnamon, for diabetes prevention and treatment.
The effects of chitosan-loaded JQ1 nanoparticles on OVCAR-3 cell cycle and apoptosis-related gene expression
Authors: Masoudi Ehsan , Soleimani Mitra , Zarinfard Giti , Homayoun Mansour , Bakhtiari Mohammad
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose:

Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological cancer. Bromodomain and extra terminal domain (BET) proteins play major roles in the regulation of gene expression at the epigenetic level. Jun Qi (JQ1) is a potent inhibitor of BET proteins. Regarding the short half-life and poor pharmacokinetic profile, JQ1 was loaded into newly developed nano-carriers. Chitosan nanoparticles are one of the best and potential polymers in cancer treatment. The present study aimed to build chitosan-JQl nanoparticles (Ch-J-NPs), treat OVCAR-3 cells with Ch-J-NPs, and evaluate the effects of these nanoparticles on cell cycle and apoptosis-associated genes.

Experimental approach:

Ch-J-NPs were synthesized and characterized. The size and morphology of Ch-J-NPs were defined by DLS and FE-SEM techniques. OVCAR-3 cells were cultured and treated with Ch-J-NPs. Then, IC50 was measured using MTT assay. The groups were defined and cells were treated with IC50 concentration of Ch-J-NPs, for 48 h. Finally, cells in different groups were assessed for the expression of genes of interest using quantitative RT-PCR.

Findings/Results:

IC50 values for Ch-J-NPs were 5.625 μg/mL. RT-PCR results demonstrated that the expression of genes associated with cell cycle activity (c-MYC, hTERT, CDK1, CDK4, and CDK6) was significantly decreased following treatment of cancer cells with Ch-J-NPs. Conversely, the expression of caspase-3, and caspase-9 significantly increased. BAX (pro-apoptotic) to BCL2 (anti-apoptotic) expression ratio, also increased significantly after treatment of cells with Ch-J-NPs.

Conclusion and implications:

Ch-J-NPs showed significant anti-cell cyclic and apoptotic effects on OVCAR-3 cells.
Investigating the effect of cGRP78 vaccine against different cancer cells and its role in reducing melanoma metastasis
Authors: Zare Hamed , Bakherad Hamid , Esfahani Arman Nasr , Aghamollaei Hossein , Gargari Seyed Latif Mousavi , Aliomrani Mahdi , Ebrahimizadeh Walead
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose:

Treatment of malignancies with chemotherapy and surgery is often associated with disease recurrence and metastasis. Immunotherapy improves cancer treatment by creating an active response against tumor antigens. Various cancer cells express a large amount of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) protein on their surface. Stimulating the immune system against this antigen can expose cancer cells to the immune system. Herein, we investigated the effectiveness of a cGRP78-based vaccine against different cancer cells.

Experimental approach:

BALB/c mice were immunized with the cGRP78. The humoral immune response against different cancer cells was assessed by Cell-ELISA. The cellular immunity response was determined by splenocyte proliferation assay with different cancer antigens. The effect of vaccination on metastasis was investigated in vaccinated mice by injecting melanoma cancer cells into the tail of mice.

Findings/Results:

These results indicated that the cGRP78 has acceptable antigenicity and stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies. After three injections, the amount of produced antibody was significantly different from the control group. Compared to the other three cell types, Hela and HepG2 showed the highest reaction to the serum of vaccinated mice. Cellular immunity against the B16F10 cell line had the best results compared to other cells. The metastasis results showed that after 30 days, the growth of B16F10 melanoma cancer cells was not noticeable in the lung tissue of vaccinated mice.

Conclusion and implications:

Considering the resistance of vaccinated mice to metastasis, this vaccine offers a promising prospect for cancer treatment by inhibiting the spread of cancer cells.
Agmatine ameliorates diabetes type 2-induced nephropathy in rats
Authors: Kamel Fatemah O. , Shagroud Ohoud , Ahmad Mai A.Alim A.Sattar , Abd El-Aziz Gamal S , Burzangi Abdulhadi S. , Bakhshwin Duaa , Jamal Maha , Karim Shahid
Published: January 2024

Objective:

To assess the nephroprotective potential of agmatine in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy.

Methods:

A single dose of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) coupled with a fructose diet induced diabetes in Wistar rats. Agmatine (40 and 80 mg/kg) was administered to rats for 12 weeks. The body weight and fasting blood glucose were measured weekly. Insulin level, urine output, total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and cystatin-C were also determined at the end of the experiment. Furthermore, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were evaluated in kidney tissue. Histopathological study was also performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining.

Results:

Agmatine at both doses significantly increased final body weight, and lowered fasting blood glucose, urine output, insulin, total protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and cystatin-C levels compared with the diabetic group (P < 0.05). Inflammatory markers and antioxidant effect were significantly improved in agmatine-treated rats. Moreover, the histopathological changes in renal structure were ameliorated by agmatine treatment.

Conclusions:

Agmatine alleviates diabetic nephropathy by improving renal functions and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. The molecular mechanisms of its nephroprotective actions need to be investigated in future study.
Comparison of Distraction Techniques using Salivary Biomarkers during Local Anaesthesia Administration in Children Aged 3–5 Years: A Clinical Study
Authors: Singh Yanina , Parameshwarappa Poornima , Mathew Mebin George , Meghana SB , Kenchappa Mallikarjuna , Nagaveni N. B.
Published: January 2024

Aim:

In paediatric dentistry, pain is adversely influenced by a child's level of anxiety. Ironically, the most common form of pain control used in dentistry, local anaesthesia, can itself produce anxiety. One of the techniques to overcome a child's anxiety is using distraction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of distraction techniques, i.e. audio distraction (AD) and audio-visual distraction (AVD) by measuring salivary stress biomarker (salivary cortisol and salivary alpha-amylase) levels in 3–5 year-old children.

Materials and Methods:

Forty children aged 3–5 years were divided randomly into two groups; (Group I = AD, Group II = AVD). Cotton pellets were placed in the lingual vestibule to collect a sample of saliva. Children were then asked to wear overhead phones in the AD group, connected to a phone, and rhymes were played. In AVD, a cartoon movie was shown to the children using AV glasses. Simultaneously, local anaesthesia was administrated to children, after which another saliva sample was collected. Biomarker estimation was done using ELISA. Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis.

Results:

Statistically significant results were seen with Group II compared to Group I (cortisol-P = 0.009; salivary alpha-amylase-P = 0.03).

Conclusion:

Both distraction techniques are effective in reducing stress but compared to AD, AVD is more efficacious.