bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cholesterol granuloma of the maxillary sinus: a forgotten entity
Authors:   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Selayang, Lebuhraya Selayang-Kepong, 68100 Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia, Ramasamy Shalini , Saniasiaya Jeyasakthy ,   Department of Otorinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Abidin Zainal Azmi Zainal ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Selayang, Lebuhraya Selayang-Kepong, 68100 Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: June 2021

Aim of the study: Cholesterol granuloma is a histological entity which consists of granulation tissue in which a large quantity of cholesterol crystals provoke foreign body giant cell formation. Cholesterol granulomas are often found in the middle ear with rare presentation in the paranasal sinus. We would like to highlight the diagnostic challenges and the management of maxillary sinus cholesterol granuloma in a young woman presenting as a unilateral nasal mass. Case study: We report a young woman with cholesterol granuloma of maxillary sinus who initially presented with unilateral nasal obstruction. Rigid nasoendoscopy and imaging were suggestive of an antrochoanal polyp. Ipsilateral functional endoscopic sinus surgery was done successfully. Conclusion: Albeit rare, cholesterol granuloma ought to be considered a differential diagnosis in a sinonasal tumour. This case report highlights the rare presentation of maxillary sinus cholesterol granuloma which ought to be considered a differential diagnosis of a unilateral nasal mass.
Proliferative fasciitis: a culprit of a huge infected antrochoanal polyp in a 7-year-old girl
Authors:   Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Ampang, Selangor, Malaysia, Thomas Reuben Abraham , Xiu Ngui Ling ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Gopalan Shashi ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Klang, Malaysia, Husain Salina ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: June 2021

Antrochoanal polyps are occasionally encountered in an ear, nose and throat practice and most of them present with progressive unilateral nasal blockage. This paper depicts a pediatric patient’s peculiar presentation of an infected antrochoanal polyp along with obstructive symptoms as the stalk of the antrochoanal polyp which favours proliferative fasciitis could be a possible cause of an acute manifestation of the disease. The stalk, which was adherent to the medial wall of the maxillary sinus and anterior portion of the polyp was removed via intranasal endoscopic approach. Postoperatively, the patient was discharged well and after two years of follow-up, there were no signs of recurrence.
Apostillas al «Teatro completo» de Quevedo
Authors: Corredoira-Viñuela José-Manuel
Published: June 2021

Este artículo aporta una serie de apostillas y precisiones proponiendo explicaciones para distintos pasajes del teatro de Quevedo, completando la anotación de los editores del Teatro completo de Francisco de Quevedo, Ignacio Arellano y Celsa Carmen García Valdés, Madrid, Cátedra, 2011.
El texto-tipo moderno del soneto «No me mueve, mi Dios, para quererte». En busca de una versión común
Authors: Verd-Conradi Gabriel-María
Published: June 2021

En la primera mitad del siglo XVII apareció el soneto No me mueve, mi Dios, para quererte en manuscritos e impresos desde tres focos distintos: España, México e Italia, con textos similares pero no totalmente uniformes. Durante cuatro siglos los lectores y copistas fueron eligiendo las mejores variantes de los textos primitivos, conformando así un texto depurado y básicamente coincidente. De modo que en el mundo hispánico corre una versión muy parecida en lo fundamental, pero sin uniformidad en los detalles, por falta de un texto autorizado por su creador. El objetivo de este estudio, basado en más de trescientos documentos (desde principios del siglo XVII hasta hoy), es intentar desvelar, en la muchedumbre de las ediciones, ese texto moderno, depurado y mayoritario, siempre de acuerdo con las fuentes. Al evitar las pequeñas variantes particulares, podría servir de referencia en las ediciones y estudios del soneto.
El texto de «Origen y difinición de la Necedad», de Francisco de Quevedo, en tres nuevos testimonios manuscritos
Authors: Azaustre-Galiana Antonio
Published: June 2021

El trabajo revisa los problemas de edición de una obra burlesca de Quevedo, Origen y difinición de la Necedad, que hasta ahora se recogía en un manuscrito del XVII conservado en la BNE que contenía un texto más breve, y en una copia del XVIII custodiada en la BMP, que recogía un texto más amplio con numerosas correcciones y enmiendas. Tres manuscritos del XVII hasta ahora no considerados permiten ahora mejorar sus lecturas, y corroboran la importancia de la búsqueda y hallazgo de fontes criticae en el proceso de edición. Uno de ellos es el que he denominado «Códice Contreras» por pertenecer al librero y filólogo Fernando Contreras. El otro, cuyas variantes son fundamentales, es el manuscrito «Traspontina 9», custodiado en la Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale «Vittorio Emanuele II» de Roma. El tercero es el ms. 1192 de la Biblioteca Universitaria de Bolonia.
YÖNETİCİNİN ALGILANAN ENTELEKTÜEL YETKİNLİKLERİNİN, Y-KUŞAĞININ GÖREV PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİNDE EKSTRA ROL DAVRANIŞININ ARACILIK ETKİSİ
Authors: AKSU Ayhan , ASLAN Mustafa , AKDEMİR Ali
Published: June 2021

Günümüz iş gücünün çoğunluğunu Y-Kuşağı oluşturmaktadır. Bu açıdan Y-Kuşağının görev performansını arttıran unsurların ortaya çıkartılması hem örgütler hem araştırmacılar hem de uygulamacılar açısından önem arz etmektedir. Y-Kuşağının önem verdiği ve yöneticisinde görmek istediği hasletlerden biri olan entelektüel yetkinliklerin, onların ekstra rol davranışı göstermesine ve görev performansına etkisini araştıran bu çalışma,  çeşitli sektörlerde çalışan, kolayda örneklem yöntemiyle ulaşılmış Y-Kuşağına mensup 356 katılımcı ile gerçekleştirilmiş ve toplanan veriler istatistiki analizlere tabi tutulmuş ve bulgular yorumlanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, entelektüel yetkinliklerin alt boyutları olan stratejik bakış açısı ve analiz ile vizyonun, Y-Kuşağının görev performans üzerinde anlamlı ve olumlu yönde etkisi olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu etkide, ekstra rol davranışının yardımseverlik ve sivil erdem boyutlarının da tam aracı rolü üstlendiği de görülmektedir.
Migrants and Other Others in 2020 by Javier Moreno
Authors: Leon Vegas Carolina
Published: June 2021

The aim of this chapter is to study the representation of different borders and its role in the portrayal of otherness in 2020 by Javier Moreno. 2020 is a novel built on the thoughts and voices of a series of characters. Amongst these, we can find Nabil, a young man of Saharawi origin; Jorge, a homeless man with Asperger’s; Josefina, a rich young anorexic woman; and her father, Gowan, a successful businessman of Scottish origin, who has disappeared and is involved in the creation of a mystic revolutionary movement. We explore the ways in which the novel builds a dystopic society through the representation of dysfunctional characters embodying different kinds of otherness and the way in which spatiality and the body are key to understanding how this otherness is created and reinforced. With the help of the notions of limbo, non-places, hybridity, simulacrum and the dichotomy center-periphery we examine how borders are raised in the novel and how these affect the characters and the depiction of a society in decline. The notions of void and ruins recur as topics in the novel, and are an obsession for Gowan, who is both an observer and a creator of ruins through a series of actions that represent a wider economic reality where objects are bought, sold and trashed. We study how the body, which in a way is the first barrier between the characters and the outside, plays a significant role in the novel as a marker of ethnicity, physical illness or, as with Josefina, as the recipient and target of an obsession for corporal void, latent in her eating disorder. Decay, in terms of both the character’s bodies and the spaces around them, functions in 2020 as a metaphor of a dysfunctional socio-economic system that is collapsing.
A “Spiritual Journey” Through the “Middle” Kingdom: Travel and Translation in François Cheng’s Translingual Novel
Authors: Li Shuangyi
Published: June 2021

The Franco-Chinese migrant writer François Cheng (Grand Prix de la francophonie de l’Académie française 2001) is the first French Academician of Asian origin. His French- language novel Le Dit de Tianyi (Prix Femina 1998, rather differently translated into English as The River Below) recounts the protagonist’s life trajectory across the turbulent twentieth century, from wartime China to France and back to a radically changed Communist China. The protagonist’s cross-cultural and often painful migrant experience largely mirrors that of the author, yet with the final part of the novel being completely fictional. The novel’s generic and stylistic hybridity demonstrates the author’s strenuous effort to investigate the literary possibilities of comparatively incorporating both Western and Eastern cultural heritages in the creative process. Although Le Dit is not formally categorized as a travelogue, travel motifs permeate the novel. The tripartite structure – ‘epic of departure’, ‘detouring journey’, ‘myth of return’ – is redolent of established models of travel since Odyssey. The characterization of the protagonist as a ‘wandering soul’ (âme errante) going on artistic pilgrimages as well as arduous quests for knowledge both in China and to the West, further complemented by the constant longing and attempt to be reunited with loved ones, is among the key features of travel writing largely shared by both Western and Chinese traditions. These travel motifs interact dynamically with the fundamental conception of the novel as both a Bildungsroman and Künstlerroman that linguistically translates, epistemically transforms, and spiritually transcends the individual’s experience of migrance (migration and errance). Such an interaction, then, inspires informed imagination and provokes lateral thinking about cultural representations, and entails a transcultural aesthetic that simultaneously revisits two great cultural heritages, engendering something ‘new’, or indeed, ‘old’. Drawing on theories of cultural translation (initiated notably by Homi Bhabha) and transculturality (Graham Huggan; Wolfgang Welsch), this article examines how the wide range of travel motifs function as a consistent structural and thematic frame and bring frictional qualities and effects to Cheng’s translingual novel. And I argue that these travel motifs ultimately create a liminal space where both European and Chinese literary and artistic traditions are set in motion towards a planetarian possibility of cultural ‘transcendence’ (Cheng’s own word).
Descrição dos desastres em Mariana e Brumadinho sob o olhar da perícia criminal: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Aparecida dos Santos Cristiane , de Souza Pellegrini Ingrid , Moreira da Silva Reinaldo , Caligiorne Sordaini Maria
Published: June 2021

As atividades exploratórias de recursos minerais originam resíduos que carecem de um local apropriado para serem armazenados. No Brasil, as barragens de rejeitos são vistas como alternativa de armazenamento desses resíduos. Uma associação entre erros, tanto na implementação quanto na fiscalização desse modelo, acarreta falhas que podem desencadear desastres ambientais. Os rompimentos das barragens situadas nas cidades mineiras de Mariana e Brumadinho ocasionaram danos ao meio ambiente e à sociedade. Uma vez que eles se enquadram como crimes ambientais e como crimes não transeuntes (que deixam vestígios), de acordo com o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro vigente, o trabalho da perícia criminal torna-se indispensável. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática, apresentar e discutir os achados referentes às tragédias de Mariana e Brumadinho associados ao trabalho pericial. Percebeu-se a ausência de publicações científicas que abordassem essa associação. Apenas um laudo elaborado pela Polícia Federal foi encontrado.
VEGETATION OF THE PROTECTED AREA «BOLSHESITOVSKOE SWAMP» (PERM REGION)
Authors:   Perm State University, Efimik E. G.
Published: June 2021

The results of studying the vegetation of the specially protected natural area "Bolshesitovskoe swamp" are presented. Several types of forest, meadow, and bog associations were identified on the territory of the surveyed area. The predominant types of forests in this area are light-coniferous (pine forests): green moss pine forests (lingonberry pine forests and blueberry pine forests), sphagnum pine forests, small areas of moss-lichen pine forests are noted. Dark coniferous forests are represented by green moss spruce forests, horsetail spruce forests, sphagnum spruce forests, large-fern fir-spruce forests, and green moss fir-spruce associations. Pine-spruce green moss forests are found. Mixed forests are represented by pine-birch and birch-pine forests, spruce-birch herb and horsetail associations. Swamps are represented by upland, low-land and transitional types. Meadow vegetation is present only in areas disturbed by humans and in the floodplain of the river. Yaiva (very small areas of floodplain meadows). Depending on the degree of mois-ture in disturbed areas, barren meadows and boggy meadows (close to lowland or raised bogs) are formed.
VASCULAR PLANTS IN THE “GARDEN OF SOLOVYOV SQUARE” (PERM)
Authors:   Perm State agricultural and technological University, Molganova N. A. , Ovesnov S. A. ,   Perm State University
Published: June 2021

Since 2009, the territory of the Cook log No. 3 (Motovilikhinsky district of Perm), called the "Garden of Solovyov Square", has been improved and landscaped by local enthusiasts. Its total area is about 10 ha, but only the southern part, which is about 1.5 ha, is actually developed. It’s used for planting ornamental species of woody and herbaceous plants. The work is carried out in accordance with the concept devel-oped by the invited specialists. Within its framework, landings are carried out on the so-called "experi-mental sites". These are a kind of introduction spots where cultivars of a certain orientation are planted. In the summer of 2020, we conducted a survey of the species composition of vascular plants in the “Garden of Soloviev Square”. A total of 290 species of vascular plants were found. Of these, 120 are wild-growing, 170 are cultivated, including 20 species – an old crop that has been preserved on the slopes since the existence of the "Michurinsky gardens". 9 species are invasive; 6 are listed in the Appendix to the Red book of the Perm region (2018), and one species, Geranium sanguineum, is listed in the Red book with status III. The square is intensively used for environmental education and enlightenment.
LICHENS IN THE VICINITY OF THE RESEARCH STATION MISSIА (TYUMEN REGION)
Authors:   Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station of the Ural Branch RAS, Selivanov A. E.
Published: June 2021

The territory of the southern part of the Tyumen region, in contrast to its northern districts, is still very poorly studied in terms of lichen-flora. Our work is devoted to the study of the lichen flora of a section of southern taiga forests in the Irtysh valley, a territory planned for the establishment of a special protection regime. The paper contains a list of lichens inhabiting the vicinity of the Mission Research Station, Uvat District, Tyumen Region. The list includes 92 species from 49 genera; for each species, information on the substrate and phytocenotic confinement is given.
ROLE OF DISTINCT CD4+ T-CELL SUBSETS IN HIV-INFECTION PATHOGENESIS
Authors:   Perm State University, Saidakova E. V.
Published: June 2021

CD4+ T-cell pool is composed of cells residing in different maturation stages. Naive CD4+ T-lymphocytes, CD4+ stem memory T-cells, CD4+ central and effector memory T-lymphocytes perform var-ious functions in maintaining the immune system homeostasis. Despite phenotypic differences, each of those cells can be infected with HIV. Specific features of distinct CD4+ T-lymphocyte subsets determine their role in HIV-infection pathogenesis. By analyzing changes of CD4+ T-lymphocyte subset composi-tion, one can estimate the degree of the immune system damage and make predictions of immune recov-ery under highly active antiretroviral therapy. The article summarizes the main events occurring with CD4+ T-cell subsets during HIV-infection.
SPONTANEOUSLY DISPERSING VASCULAR PLANTS OF PROTECTED GROUND WITH LIMITED MIGRATION
Authors:   N. V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden, RAS, Zolkin S. Yu. , Shvetsov A. N. ,   N. V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden, RAS
Published: June 2021

Floristic diversity, locality and reproduction characters of spontaneously dispersing vascular plants of pro-tected ground with limited migration were studied in the separate greenhouses and phytotron of the Main botanical garden, Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow). These species have limited spontaneous dis-persal within 1-2 greenhouses with tropical or subtropical climatic pattern and do not grow on all sub-strates. A total of 21 taxa of such terrestrial vascular plants were identified, belonging to 16 genera from 13 families. Some of them - 11 species are representatives of systematic collections that «escape» from pots. The remaining 10 species were previously specially planted as ornamental plants, and spontaneously grew nearby. Several identified species have the potential to become more widespread in the future, so ef-fective methods of phytosanitary control are needed
MICROPROPAGATION OF SOME SORT GROUPS OF LILIES
Authors:   Perm State University, Shibanova N. L. , Popkova A. S. ,   Perm State University
Published: June 2021

The article presents data on micropropagation of ten cultivars of the genus Lilium L. belonging to four groups: the Oriental hybrids, the Trumpet hybrids, Lilium Asiatic hybrids, the Longiflorum and Asiatic hybrids (LA-hybrids). It is found that for the sterilization of explants better use the 7% sodium hypo-chlorite solution (20 min) and 70% ethanol (10 sec). The average percentage of sterile culture for the Ori-ental hybrids was 66.00±7.07, the Trumpet hybrids – 81.00±5.65, Lilium Asiatic hybrids – 85.00±4.69, LA-hybrids – 87.00±6.36. There were no statistically significant differences between cultivars within the group (p=0.33, p<0.05). It is recommended to use a medium Murashige and Skuga with the addition of auxin α-naphthylacetic acid 1 ml/l – for the Oriental, Trumpet, Asiatic hybrids or cytokinin 6-benzylaminopurine 1 m/l – for LA hybrids. The percentage of explant with signs of regeneration was more than 82% for Trumpet and LA hybrids and more than 71% for Oriental and Asiatic hybrids. The reproduction rate can vary from 2 to 14 pcs/explant. Plant survival was more than 60%.
INDICATOR MICROORGANISMS-CONTAMINANTS OF THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOME OF BELGIAN SHEPHERD PUPPIES (MALINOIS)
Authors:   Perm Military Institute of the National Guards Forces of the Russian Federation, Krylova I. O. , Sadykova Y. R. ,   Perm Military Institute of the National Guards Forces of the Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

The article highlights the results of microbiological research of intestinal microbiocenosis of Belgian shepherd puppies (Malinois) in the conditions of open-air housing. During the study, chemical, macro - and microscopic analysis of puppy feces was performed to assess the functional state of the intestines and digestion in service dog puppies of the Belgian shepherd (Malinois) breed. A comprehensive analysis of the intestinal microbiome of puppies revealed that the biodiversity of bacterial isolates is represented by normal, opportunistic and pathogenic microflora. Dynamic observations during the growing up of puppies revealed increasing dysbacteriosis of lacto - and bifidobacteria against the background of helminthic inva-sion, contamination with yeast and mold micromycetes. Microbiological analysis revealed indicator groups of bacteria that cause colonization resistance of the intestinal microbiome. Recommendations for preventive maintenance and improvement of intestinal microflora of Belgian shepherd puppies (Malinois) have been developed.
CHARACTERISTICS OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM THE MINER OF THE VERKHNEKAMSKY SALT DEPOSIT (PERM KRAI)
Authors:   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms of the Ural Branch RAS,, Pyankova A. A. , Usanina D. I. ,   Perm State University, Aleev V. S. ,   Perm State University, Blinov S. M. ,   Perm State University, Plotnikova E. G. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms of the Ural Branch RAS,,   Perm State University
Published: June 2021

29 strains of halophilic/halotolerant bacteria were isolated from clay deposits of brine-diverting workings and brine pits of the mine of the Verkhnekamsky salt deposit (Perm krai). As a result of phylogenetic analysis based on a comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, it was found that the isolated cultures are representatives of the classes Gammaproteobacteria (Halomonadaceae and Salinisphaeraceae fami-lies) and Bacilli (family Bacillaceae). Three halophilic strains SHV2, RV14, and SWV1 were similar to the closest type strain of the Salinisphaera hydrothermalis species at the level of 95.94-96.62% (16S rRNA gene), which indicates that these strains belong to a new taxon. Most of the isolated bacteria of the families Halomonadaceae and Bacillaceae are extremophiles: they grow at pH 9-10 and high sa-linity (up to 250-270 g/L NaCl). Two halophilic strains of the genus Halomonas have been found to de-grade salicylic and benzoic acids (decomposition products of polyaromatic compounds), which makes them promising for use in biotechnologies for the restoration of contaminated areas with a high level of mineralization.
Children’s measured exposure to food and beverage advertising on television in Toronto (Canada), May 2011–May 2019
Authors: Pauzé Elise , Potvin Kent Monique
Published: June 2021

Objective

Exposure to unhealthy food advertising is a known determinant of children’s poor dietary behaviours. The purpose of this study was to quantify and characterize Canadian children’s exposure to food advertising on broadcast television and examine trends over time.

Methods

Objectively measured advertising exposure data for 19 food categories airing on 30 stations broadcast in Toronto were licenced for May 2011 and May 2019. Using ad ratings data, the average number of food advertisements viewed by children aged 2–11 years, overall, by food category and by type of television station (child-appealing, adolescent-appealing and generalist stations), was estimated per time period.

Results

In May 2019, children viewed an average of 136 food advertisements on television, 20% fewer than in May 2011. More than half of advertisements viewed in May 2019 promoted unhealthy food categories such as fast food (43% of exposure), candy (6%), chocolate (6%) and regular soft drinks (5%) and only 17% of their total exposure occurred on child-appealing stations. Between May 2011 and May 2019, children’s exposure increased the most, in absolute terms, for savory snack foods (+7.2 ad exposures/child), fast food (+5.4) and regular soft drinks (+5.3) with most of these increases occurring on generalist stations.

Conclusion

Canadian children are still exposed to advertisements promoting unhealthy food categories on television despite voluntary restrictions adopted by some food companies. Statutory restrictions should be adopted and designed such that children are effectively protected from unhealthy food advertising on both stations intended for general audiences and those appealing to younger audiences.
Existing Mechanisms of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and Their Problems Dealing With Non-traditional Security Challenges
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Fan Xuesong
Published: June 2021

Central Asia is extremely important for the security of Russia, China and the Eurasian region, both historically and at present. Unconventional security challenges, led by terrorism, extremism and separatism, which in the official Chinese rhetoric and official documents of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) are designated as the ‘three forces of evil,’ pose a serious challenge to the security of China, Russia, the countries of Central Asia and Eurasia in general. Over the 20 years of the SCO’s history, proceeding from their ‘Shanghai spirit,’ the participating countries have created unique legislative and organizational mechanisms for a joint strike against the ‘three forces of evil,’ as well as mechanisms for bilateral and multilateral antiterrorist exercises. The most important of these is the Peace Mission joint exercise, which has been regularly held since 2005. These mechanisms of cooperation within the SCO embody the spirit of solidarity, mutual trust and cooperation, reflect the ability of the members of the organization to jointly counter the ‘three forces of evil’ and respond to related problems, and also symbolize the SCO’s determination to protect stability in the region and peace in the world. The organization has made a significant contribution to ensuring security in the region. Nevertheless, in the face of existing problems and new challenges such as potential competition and disagreements within the organization, problems with new members after the expansion of the membership, and also the ineffective functioning of some of the SCO’s security instruments, all SCO members need to strengthen their cooperation and open new ways for organizing the SCO to fulfil well its unique role to ensure security in the territory of SCO states and in Eurasia as a whole. The new model of relations—‘Russian-Chinese relations of comprehensive partnership and strategic interaction entering a new era’—that underlies the SCO gives the organization greater stability. The SCO is a unique organization on the territory of Eurasia and has both implemented an important innovation in the theory and practice of international relations and opened a new model of regional cooperation. Therefore, it can be stated with a high degree of confidence that multilateral cooperation in the field of security will gradually deepen.
EFFECTIVE DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Russian Federation, Victoria Kuzenkova
Published: June 2021

Development institutions are the most important tool for stimulating innovation processes and infrastructure development. These organizations finance long-term investment projects that contribute to the socio-economic development of the industry, region or country. Such specificity of activity leads to significant difficulties in the assessment of their efficiency. At the same time, the development of a system for assessment of the development institutions’ efficiency, improving the efficiency of their work and ensuring positive economic growth rates in regions and states, are impossible without studying the approaches to the assessment of their efficiency. A growing interest in the activities of multilateral development institutions is taking place in today’s literature on public administration. However, there are currently no review articles that would consider the scope of work devoted to the assessment of the development institutions’ efficiency. The review examines modern research publications that assess the results of individual development institutions and their contribution to socio-economic development and some issues of economic efficiency. The article analyzes various approaches and methods for assessment of the development institutions’ efficiency. The study will allow us to assess the potential for use of modern approaches and identify areas for further application of the used methods. The materials of the review can be used as a general theoretical part for teaching the disciplines of "public administration" related to the assessment of the public administration efficiency.
ETHICAL RISKS IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS: THE CASE OF LAHORE WASTE MANAGEMENT COMPANY
Authors:   University of the Punjab, Pakistan, Syed Sohaib Zubair , Mukaram Ali Khan ,   University of the Punjab,  Pakistan, Aamir Saeed ,   University of the Punjab, Pakistan
Published: June 2021

The world is coming up with new solutions to old problemsin orderto improve efficiency and effectiveness in public service delivery. Public-Private Partnership (PPP) isarelatively new form of participatory governance. This approach is linked with New Public Management (NPM) and, since its inception, the private sector has taken over the entire world despite incongruence and incompatibility in indigenous values and cultures. PPPis also claimed to be the best solution in terms of service delivery; however, its effectiveness is yet to be achieved. The purpose of this study is to find the effectiveness ofthePPP mode of governance. This study is qualitative in nature and has taken one entity based on PPP as a case,i.e. Lahore Waste Management Company (LWMC),in orderto study the impact of this solution to all,theills of public service delivery. Fourteen officialswere interviewed in this studyof LWMC (a quasi-governmental institution) and its private partners. Findings suggest that this PPP mode has major ethical risks in the form of lack of transparency in awarding contracts, equity-efficiency trade-off, overall conflict of philosophy of public and private sector, low professionalism, value for money (compromise on cost and quality), and weak accountability mechanisms.
EXTERNAL AUDIT AND FISCAL TRANSPARENCY: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta,Turkey, Huseyin Cicek , Suleyman Dikmen ,   Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to examine the socio-economic, institutional, and political factors affecting external audit, with the use of an international comparison. In addition, the effect of external audit on fiscal transparency was analyzed. Although many empirical studies in the literature handle the factors affecting fiscal transparency, there are only a few empirical studies that focus on the factors affecting external audit and the impact of external audits on fiscal transparency. However, there is not one study dealing with the factors affecting external audit through making use of international comparisons. In this study we attempt to discover the factors affecting external audit and examine, using an international comparison, the impact of external audits on fiscal transparency. The Open Budget Survey published by the International Budget Partnership in 2017 was used to measure external audits. In the study, consisting of 115 countries, the effect of democratization level, government debt level, government balance, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, legislative budget oversight, the SAI's audit diversity and the effect of a judicial model of the SAI on external audit were investigated. The effect of external audit on fiscal transparency is tested for 115 countries using the Two-Stage Least Squares Method (2SLS). According to the analysis, it is determined that the level of democratization, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, budget oversight of the legislature, audit diversity of supreme audit institution and judicial model of supreme audit institution have significant and positive effects on external audit. It is also determined that external audit has a significant and positive effect on fiscal transparency.
PENSION REFORM IN AN AUTHORITARIAN STATE: A CASE STUDY OF EGYPT
Authors:   Kobe University, Japan, Yusuke Kawamura
Published: June 2021

This article focuses on two pension reforms in Egypt in order to understand the dynamics of social policy reform under authoritarian rule. One was supported by the World Bank and promulgated in 2010. It included drastic changes, such as the introduction of a defined benefit scheme, and ultimately failed. Another was successfully implemented in 2019. Compared to the 2010 reform, the 2019 reform involved only parametric change (such as increasing the retirement age and amalgamating social insurance funds), in order to mitigate the criticisms that had been made of the previous pension reform and to facilitate gradual, steady enhancement of the programme’s sustainability. The findings suggest that perceptions of authoritarian leaders as having wide-ranging discretion in decision-making concerning public policy and being able to more decisively implement harsh social reform compared with democratic political leaders need to be reconsidered.
Definition of Mother in the English Legal System
Authors: Celador Angón Óscar
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this paper is to analyse how the term “mother” is defined in the English legal system. This question has recently been raised in English courts due to the McConnel case; where a woman, who had undergone a gender transition and acquired full legal recognition as a male, gave birth to a child and asked to be registered as the father of his child. In the first part of the paper, I will study the legal frame and the main decisions of the English courts. In the second part, I will analyse the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights and the consequences of the McConnel case in English family law. And finally, I will explain the role that the principle of the best interests of the child plays in this context.
Muruntau gold mining and refining operation: Resources, expansion program and future considerations
Authors: Sanakulov K. , Snitka N. P.
Published: June 2021

The international geological community has acknowledged Muruntau gold deposit as the greatest discovery in the mid-to-late 20th century. Muruntau mine field holds the total appraised resource potential of more than 4.5 thousand tons of gold. Hydrometallurgical plant GMZ-3 implements gold-ore processing by gravitational sedimentation and adsorption. The technological and instrumental modernization of the gold processing circuit toward its higher capacity, gold recovery and thoroughness are the important aspects of production improvement and cost reduction. The developed and introduced ore milling flowchart provides replacement of the second milling stage pumps by higher-capacity pumps backed up with additional cyclones. Aiming to ensure stable gold production at plants GMZ-2 and GMZ-3, Navoi MMC’s experts accomplished the feasibility study of mining operations in Chukurkuduk and Turbai deposits in 2020. The growth prospects for open pit mining in Murunatu–Myutenbai fields after 2060 are estimated using the model of optimized ultimate pit limit design at the gold price of USD 1500/t. The model ultimate pit limit embraces all probable reserves as per the detailed 2D seismic data as of early 2020, including proven reserves intended for open pit and underground mining. The gold ore appraisal and the expansion program elaborated for Muruntau gold mining and refining integrated works in joint Muruntau–Myutenbai field, through implementation of operation phases V and further make it possible to forecast stable performance up to 2030–2050.
Development of micro- and nanoindentation methods for assessing the mechanical properties of coals and their propensity to destruction
Authors: Kossovich E. L.
Published: June 2021

The destruction of coals in the processes of mining, storage, transportation and processing is associated, among other, with their mechanical properties. As a rule, the mechanical properties of coals are evaluated by the resul ts of measurements of such characteristics as tensile and compressive strength, stiffness (elastic modulus) and Poisson’s ratio, etc. For this, experiments are carried out on specially prepared samples in tensile testing machines and mechanical presses. Such integral indicators characterize the mechanical behavior of coals at the macro scale and do not allow assessing the influence of structural features on the initiation of defects leading to destruction. In this regard, the characteristics of the mechanical properties of coals, obtained in areas comparable to the levels of microcracks initiation, are of interest. Micro- and nanoindentation techniques are quite simple to implement for obtaining the reliable information on various mechanical properties of materials at the appropriate scale levels. This paper is dedicated to an overview of the current state of research on the use of these methods to assess the mechanical properties of coals and their individual macerals, as well as their ability to crush with the formation of dust particles. The use of micro- and nanoindentation techniques made it possible to establish the differences in the mechanical properties of individual macerals of coals, as well as to characterize the heterogeneity of the distribution of various indicators characterizing mechanical properties within the individual macerals. Based on experimental data on nanoindentation and Raman spectroscopy, it was shown that the change in the mechanical properties (values of the modulus of elasticity and hardness) of vitrinite in the series of coal metamorphism is associated with an increase in the proportion of graphitized components in organic matter. Nanoindentation methods, combined with an analytical mathematical apparatus, made it possible to obtain data on the ability of coals to crush under mechanical effects with the formation of particles with sizes comparable to those of hazardous aerosol dust (class PM 2.5). The method of cyclic nanoindentation with an increasing maximum load was proposed as a method for determining the degree of coal tendency to fracture with the formation of dust. Its application made it possible to reveal the characteristics of irreversible changes occurring in the structure of coals during destruction. They are expressed in a change in their mechanical properties (stiffness and fracturing ability) with an increase in the applied load. The use of the cyclic nanoindentation method is a promising method for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the degree of coal propensity to crushing with the formation of dust. This work was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No. 18-77-10052).
GEOPOLIS software tools – Groundwater flow modeling at deep repository of liquid radioactive waste at Severny test site
Authors: Suskin V. V. , Rastorguev A. V. , Kapyrin I. V.
Published: June 2021

This article discusses a three-dimensional groundwater flow model of a deep disposal facility at Severny test site. The three-dimensional model is a part of the certified software GEOPOLIS, based on the hydrogeological code GeRa (Geomigration of Radionuclides) serving as the calculation engine. This study describes the hydrogeological patterning of the groundwater flow model, as well as the results of calibration and verification of the model water heads with respect to the data of monitoring for more than 40 years of the deep repository exploitation. The article begins with a brief overview of the previously developed hydrogeological models of this object and continues with a description of the geological structure of the territory, and with a substantiation of the boundaries and parameters of the model. The results of groundwater flow modeling, model calibration, verification and estimation of discrepancy between the model results and monitoring data are shown. The comparison of the modeled and observed water heads in the stationary conditions (before the start of injection) and during operation of the deep repository allows making conclusion on the quality of calibration.
Procedural framework for explosion classification by the seismic load criterion
Authors: Kholodilov A. N. , Gospodarikov A. P. , Eremenko A. A.
Published: June 2021

For the first time the quantitative classification of blasting operations as sources of blasting vibrations is constructed. According to the classification, all sources are divided into the sources of increased, normal and reduced action. The classification is based on the rectilinear dependences of the PPV attenuation factor on the logarithm of the seismicity coefficient, which are included in Sadovsky’s formula to predict the peak particle velocity under the seismic action of explosions. The classification is based on the statistical analysis of 76 seismicity coefficient—PPV attenuation factor couples reflective of the wide geography of blasting operations carried out in solid minerals mining and in civil engineering. The reliability of the statistical analysis result is proved using the Fisher criterion and Student statistics. The classification boundaries of seismic sources are verified. The sources of increased seismic activity are compared by the conditions of blasting in watered and in very strong rocks, the use of largediameter blast holes, the choice of explosive mass for simultaneous blasting and the influence of the initiation method on the seismic effect produced. The sources of normal and reduced seismic activity were compared by the conditions of blasting in underground mines, at quarries of building materials with ground surface recording, blasting in civil construction and with preliminary borehole slotting. The classification allows the quantitative comparison of blasting operations by the level of seismic action in the intervals of 6–2700 and 0.6–2.8 by the seismicity coefficient and PPV attenuation factor, respectively, for PPV in cm/s. The classification is representative of the current technology of blasting in the world practice.
Image processing system for identifying groundnut plant disease
Authors: Mulatu Fitsum Awoke , Mohammed Tariku
Published: June 2021

Groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea), also known as peanuts are the edible seeds of a legume plant that grow to maturity in the ground. Diseases and its diagnosis methodology are the main challenges to groundnut production. Manual means of identifying plant disease is the most difficult activity with a high rate of mistake and time taking procedures. Therefore, the main aim of this research was to design an image processing system to identify groundnut plant disease. In general, the major significance of the study is to provide effective and simple groundnut plant disease diagnosis system that supports disease controlling mechanism and experts in the domain area. While the process of developing the system, researchers used purposive sampling techniques for acquiring 320 sample leaves images from four classes of groundnuts plant. Those are Cercospora personatum, Cercospora arachidicola, Puccinia arachidis, and healthy leaf from Bishan-Babile and Gemechu peasant associations in Babile district, and Awdal peasant association in Gursum districts in East Hararghe zone of Oromiya Regional State. Also, the researchers conducted a survey study which helps to identify experts view and deep understanding of the domain area. The design, phase used; adaptive median filtering, K-means clustering, SVM and ANN techniques with MATLAB programming tool. In general, the overall result shows that the developed system achieved a better result with an accuracy of 90.6%.
Artificial Intelligence In Talent Acquisition, Do we Trust It?
Authors: Hmoud Bilal , Várallyai László
Published: June 2021

This study aims to investigate HR leaders’ trust in AI application in talent acquisition and the role of technology trust as a predictor of HR leaders’ attitude toward its adoption. The sample was drawn from the HR professionals’ network in the Middle East using an online survey with 389 responses. The study results concluded that HR leaders have a positive attitude toward the adoption of AI applications in the talent acquisition function. Additionally, HR leaders perceived it as highly advantageous and this perception positively influenced their attitude. Further, it is concluded that. HR leaders possess high trust in AI-based talent acquisition solutions and that their perception about its reliability, credibility and technical competence are significant predictors of this trusting belief.
The International Trade Fair in Barcelona in 1942: a Look at Furniture in the Franco Era
Authors: Bachiller Canal David
Published: June 2021

This article studies the furniture present at the Xth Barcelona International Trade Fair in 1942, the first one after the Civil War. It is important to point out that the Franco regime tried to use this Fair as a propaganda device, as well as to reactivate the local and national economy, and internationalize the autarchic industries.
The study focuses on the wood industry and the commercial and aesthetic relations with all invited countries, as well as with the Moroccan protectorate, and with Equatorial Guinea (a Spanish colony at the time, and source of exotic woods).
The study also delves into the relationships between various local  decoration and furniture companies and the Fair. In addition, it aims to create a typology of the different pieces of furniture that appeared at the event to draw a working hypothesis about the evolution of furniture during this period.
Studies of filtering effect on fault diagnosis of spindle device in hoist
Authors: Gu Jun , Peng Yuxing , Cao Bobo
Published: June 2021

Spindle devices, which are among the core components of mine hoists, are typical rotor-bearing systems. Vibration-based fault diagnosis techniques are often used to help prevent mechanical failures of such systems. The fault vibration signals generally include pulse information reflecting
fault type, independent vibration components caused by other non-faulty mechanical components, noise in the surrounding environment and so on. The reduction of noise in the vibration signal collected by the sensor is of practical significance for the correct diagnosis of subsequent rotating
machinery faults. To solve this problem, a fault diagnosis method based on a smooth (SM) filtering algorithm combined with variational mode decomposition (VMD) and a support vector machine (SVM) is proposed. Wavelet transform (WT) and wavelet packet transform (WPT) methods are used to compare
the noise reduction. The reliability and effectiveness of the method are verified by experiments on a hoist mechanical fault simulator. Experimental results show that the proposed method has high prediction accuracy and can provide a good practical reference for fault diagnosis of rotating
machinery.
Görüntülü Görüşme Uygulamalarının Ekran Arayüz Tasarımlarının Karşılaştırmalı Olarak İncelenmesi
Authors: Bayram Ezgi
Published: June 2021

Aralık 2019’da başlayan ve tüm dünyada ciddi oranda ölümlere yol açan Covid-19 ile birlikte hepimizin hayatı önemli ölçüde etkilenmiştir. Ülkeler hastalığın yayılmaması için bir takım önlemler almıştır. Bu önlemlerden biri olan ve iş, eğitim ve sosyal yaşantımızı değiştiren karantina ile birlikte insanların birbiriyle olan iletişim şekilleri de değişmiştir. Bu süreçte yüz yüze görüşme tehlikeli olduğu için eğitim, iş ve günlük sosyalleşmelerimiz bile görüntülü görüşme uygulamaları üzerinden yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu araştırmada görüntülü görüşme yapmayı sağlayan uygulamaların arayüz tasarımları görsel tasarım unsurları ve tasarım ilkeleri doğrultusunda nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini Webtekno’un yayınladığı, dünya çapında işletmelerin en çok tercih ettiği görüntülü görüşme uygulamaları olan Zoom Cloud Meetings, Skype, Free Conference Call, Google Meet, GoToMeeting oluşturmaktadır.