bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vivo coronary artery plaque assessment with computed tomography angiography: is there an impact of iterative reconstruction on plaque volume and attenuation metrics?
Authors: Chen Zhongyi , Boldeanu Irina , Nepveu Simon , Durand Madeleine , Chin Anne S , Kauffmann Claude , Mansour Samer , Soulez Gilles , Tremblay Cécile , Chartrand-Lefebvre Carl
Published: September 2016

Background

Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) allows the evaluation of coronary plaque volume and low attenuation (lipid-rich) component, for plaque vulnerability assessment.

Purpose

To determine the effect of iterative reconstruction (IR) on coronary plaque volume and composition.

Material and Methods

Consecutive patients without coronary artery disease were prospectively enrolled for 256-slice CT. Images were reconstructed with both filtered back projection (FBP) and a hybrid IR algorithm (iDose4, Philips) levels 1, 3, 5, and 7. Coronary plaques were assessed according to predefined Hounsfield unit (HU) attenuation intervals, for total plaque and HU-interval volumes.

Results

Fifty-three patients (mean age, 53.6 years) were included. Noise was significantly decreased and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) / contrast-to-noise (CNR) were both significantly improved at all IR levels in comparison to FBP. Plaque characterization was performed in 41 patients for a total of 125 plaques. Total plaque volume ranged from 104.4 ± 120.7 to 107.4 ± 128.9 mm3 and low attenuation plaque component from 40.5 ± 54.7 to 43.5 ± 58.9 mm3, with no statistically significant differences between all IR levels and FBP ( P = 0.786 and P ≥ 0.078, respectively).

Conclusion

IR improved image quality. Total and low attenuation plaque volumes were similar using either IR or FBP.
Study tours and inter-city policy learning: Mobilizing Bogotá’s transportation policies in Guadalajara
Authors: Montero Sergio
Published: September 2016

While modern urban planning has traditionally been shaped by policies and instruments from European and North American cities, in recent decades there has been an increase in South-South policy learning and a number of cities of the global South have emerged as alternative urban planning models. Yet, less is known about the practices through which urban policy actors in cities of the South learn from other Southern cities’ policies. This paper examines the case of Guadalajara, Mexico, where different local public and private actors introduced a new policy issue—sustainable transportation—in the local and state government agenda making extensive references to Bogotá, Colombia. Study tours are identified as key practices that facilitated the adoption of Bogotá’s transportation policies in Guadalajara. Using qualitative and ethnographic methods, I show that study tours were powerful instruments to promote policy change thanks to their capacity to: (1) educate the attention of influential local policy actors through hands-on “experiential learning”; (2) expand local coalitions through the building of trust and consensus around a policy model; and (3) mobilize public opinion through references to already existing policies. In doing so, I suggest that study tours should be conceptualized as both learning and governance instruments that a variety of actors can use to translate their shifting beliefs of how the city should be organized into public policy. The analysis of the actors that organized these tours also reveals the friction between local and transnational agendas shaping the apparent South-South circulations of Bogotá's transportation policies.
‘Impossible Groups that Flourish in Leaking Containers’—Challenging Group Analytic Theory?
Authors: Weinberg Haim
Published: September 2016

All group therapy textbooks emphasize the importance of the setting for a successful outcome of the group. This setting includes clear boundaries of time and space, stable participation, and good leadership. All are seen as requirements to create a safe enough environment for participants to work on deep issues. In addition, for its normal development and progress, the group is expected to go through a stormy stage with disagreements and conflicts.

My article will highlight groups that do not follow such ‘rules’. Surprisingly, the members are still able to work at deep levels, create intimate relationships, and benefit from the group. How is this possible? Should we change our theories? I link the success of these groups to the secure presence (Neeman-kantor, 2013, researching outdoor groups of wives of Israeli soldiers who suffer from war PTSD) of the leader and the imagined internalized group that the members create. Applying field theory explains how a multi-unconscious-fantasy makes these impossible groups possible.
The Convergence of Social Identities and Environmental Contexts in Facilitating Latino Male Resilience
Authors: Patrón Oscar E. , Garcia Gina A.
Published: September 2016

While Latino/as are the largest racial/ethnic group in the United States, they continue to face challenges throughout their educational careers. Latino males, in particular, are said to be vanishing from higher education, earning fewer degrees than their female counterparts. Using in-depth interviews with 24 Latino male collegians, we sought to understand the process of resilience for this population, looking specifically at the factors that enhance their educational access and success within postsecondary institutions. The data demonstrate the social identities and environmental contexts that foster resilience for Latino males, despite adversities they may face. Four main themes arose, illuminating the challenges Latino males may face in their path to college and elucidating the ways they use their identities as motivation and the educational contexts that support their resilience. We highlight resilience as a process, calling for educators to consider the ways in which they can support Latino males’ aspirations into and through college.
Intra- and Extra-Familial Victimization Experiences: Differentiating Between Incarcerated Serious Youth Offenders and Youth Rapists
Authors: Yoder Jamie R. , Hodge Ashleigh I. , Ruch Donna
Published: September 2016

Although research is becoming increasingly nuanced by exploring differential risk factors linked with types of youth offenders, typological distinctions have rarely been made between youth rapists and other serious youth offenders. This study tests the relative effects of intra- and extra-familial victimization—while holding other theoretically driven variables constant—on membership in three mutually exclusive youth offending groups: non-serious non-sexual offenders ( n = 4,013), serious non-sexual offenders ( n = 2,571), and rapists ( n = 489). Data were drawn from the Survey of Youth in Residential Placement (SYRP). Incarcerated youth ( N = 7,073) were surveyed on multiple constructs. Using appropriate weights in analyses, a multinomial logistic regression (referencing serious offenders) revealed youth who were victims of intra-familial physical abuse (22%) and intra-familial forced sex (42%) had a decreased risk of being in the non-serious offender category relative to the serious offender category. Furthermore, intra-familial emotional abuse (75%) and intra-familial forced sex (202%) demonstrated an increased risk of being in the rapist category relative to serious offender category. Although extra-familial victimization was statistically significant, victimization within the family had larger effects when predicting rape group membership. The research and practice implications are discussed.
An Archival Approach to Measuring Family Influence
Authors: Anglin Aaron H. , Reid Shane W. , Short Jeremy C. , Zachary Miles A. , Rutherford Matthew W.
Published: September 2016

Drawing from a framework highlighting how family influence is reflected in organizational identity, we present archival and content analytic adaptations for three key factors signifying alignment between family and organizational identities: family visibility, transgenerational sustainability, and family self-enhancement. We validate these measures using archival data sources, “About Us” pages, and shareholder letters from S&P 500 firms. Random coefficients modeling indicates our measures are largely shaped by temporal and firm, followed by industry, differences. Our work paves the way for further investigation exploring the relationships between family involvement and organizational identity while simultaneously addressing lingering methodological challenges in family business research.
Trends in one-year cumulative incidence of death between 2005 and 2013 among patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in Uganda
Authors: Bebell Lisa M , Siedner Mark J , Musinguzi Nicholas , Boum Yap , Bwana Bosco M , Muyindike Winnie , Hunt Peter W , Martin Jeffrey N , Bangsberg David R
Published: September 2016

Recent ecological data demonstrate improving outcomes for HIV-infected people in sub-Saharan Africa. Recently, Uganda has experienced a resurgence in HIV incidence and prevalence, but trends in HIV-related deaths have not been well described. Data were collected through the Uganda AIDS Rural Treatment Outcomes (UARTO) Study, an observational longitudinal cohort of Ugandan adults initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) between 2005 and 2013. We calculated cumulative incidence of death within one year of ART initiation, and fit Poisson models with robust variance estimators to estimate the effect enrollment period on one-year risk of death and loss to follow-up. Of 760 persons in UARTO who started ART, 30 deaths occurred within one year of ART initiation (cumulative incidence 3.9%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.7–5.6%). Risk of death was highest for those starting ART in 2005 (13.0%, 95% CI 6.0–24.0%), decreased in 2006–2007 to 4% (95% CI 2.0–6.0%), and did not change thereafter ( P = 0.61). These results were robust to adjustment for age, sex, CD4 cell count, viral load, asset wealth, baseline depression, and body mass index. Here, we demonstrate that one-year cumulative incidence of death was high just after free ART rollout, decreased the following year, and remained low thereafter. Once established, ART programs in President’s Emergency Fund for AIDS Relief-supported countries can maintain high quality care.
Arctic (in)security and Indigenous peoples: Comparing Inuit in Canada and Sámi in Norway
Authors: Greaves Wilfrid
Published: September 2016

While international relations has increasingly begun to recognize the political salience of Indigenous peoples, the related field of security studies has not significantly incorporated Indigenous peoples either theoretically or empirically. This article helps to address this gap by comparing two Arctic Indigenous peoples – Inuit in Canada and Sámi in Norway – as ‘securitizing actors’ within their respective states. It examines how organizations representing Inuit and Sámi each articulate the meaning of security in the circumpolar Arctic region. It finds that Inuit representatives have framed environmental and social challenges as security issues, identifying a conception of Arctic security that emphasizes environmental protection, preservation of cultural identity, and maintenance of Indigenous political autonomy. While there are some similarities between the two, Sámi generally do not employ securitizing language to discuss environmental and social issues, rarely characterizing them as existential issues threatening their survival or wellbeing.

Drawing on securitization theory, this article proposes three factors to explain why Inuit have sought to construct serious challenges in the Arctic as security issues while Sámi have not: ecological differences between the Canadian and Norwegian Arctic regions, and resulting differences in experience of environmental change; the relative degree of social inclusion of Inuit and Sámi within their non-Indigenous majority societies; and geography, particularly the proximity of Norway to Russia, which results in a more robust conception of national security that restricts space for alternative, non-state security discourses. This article thus links recent developments in security studies and international relations with key trends in Indigenous politics, environmental change, and the geopolitics of the Arctic region.
Concussions and Risk Within Cultural Contexts of Play
Authors: Torres Colón Gabriel Alejandro , Smith Sharia , Fucillo Jenny
Published: September 2016

Concussions are a type of traumatic injury caused by a jolting of the brain that disrupts normal brain function, and multiple concussions can lead to serious long-term health consequences. In this article, we examine the relationship between college students’ understanding of concussions and their willingness to continue playing despite the possibility of sustaining multiple head injuries. We use a mixed-methods approach that includes participant observation, cultural domain analysis, and structured interviews. Our research finds that students hold a robust cognitive understanding of concussion yet discursively frame concussions as skeletomuscular injuries. More importantly, students affirm the importance of playing sports for themselves and others, so their decisions to risk multiple concussions must be understood within cultural and biocultural contexts of meaningful social play. We suggest that peoples’ decision to risk multiple head injuries should be understood as a desire for meaningful social play rather than an uninformed health risk.
Using Outdoor Adventure Education to Develop Students’ Groupwork Skills
Authors: Cooley Sam J. , Burns Victoria E. , Cumming Jennifer
Published: September 2016

This study investigates the initial development of groupwork skills through outdoor adventure education (OAE) and the factors that predict the extent of this development, using the first two levels of Kirkpatrick’s model of training evaluation. University students ( N = 238) completed questionnaires measuring their initial reactions to OAE (Level 1 of the Kirkpatrick model) and learning from pre- to post-course (Level 2). There were high levels of enjoyment and satisfaction with OAE, and significant self-reported improvements in the use of groupwork skills, attitudes toward groupwork, and groupwork self-efficacy. Learning and intention to transfer learning to the university setting were both positively predicted by students’ perceived use of groupwork skills before OAE, course satisfaction, enjoyment, groupwork self-efficacy, and attitude toward groupwork. These findings demonstrate that OAE increases students’ use of interpersonal groupwork skills, and that this is predicted by positive beliefs at baseline and favorable reactions to the learning experience.
Exploring the Impact of an Outdoor Orientation Program on Adaptation to College
Authors: Ribbe Robert , Cyrus Rachael , Langan Emily
Published: September 2016

Outdoor orientation programming as a means for orientating students to college has experienced significant growth and expanded use over the past decade. An increase in rigorous research has accompanied this growth as colleges and universities seek to understand and meet the needs of young adults in transition. In this study, two research questions were asked regarding the transition into college: Does involvement in outdoor orientation programs (OOPs) improve adaptation to college (Research Question 1), and are there differences in adaptation between different types of OOPs (e.g., wilderness-, camp-, and urban-based; Research Question 2). In this study, 455 incoming students (168 OOP participants and 287 non-OOP) completed measures of adaptation to college after the first 8 weeks of their collegiate experience. Results indicate significant differences between OOP and non-OOP students in overall adaptation to college, social adaptation, and attachment to institution, but found few differences between various types of OOP options.
Impact of One-Semester Outdoor Education Programs on Adolescent Perceptions of Self-Authorship
Authors: McGowan Amanda L.
Published: September 2016

This study investigated one-semester outdoor education program impact on adolescents’ perceived self-authorship—the ability to form our identity independently from the expectations of external individuals and the capacity to invent our beliefs, identity, and relationships (Baxter Magolda, 1998; Kegan, 1982)—as measured by the Self-Authorship Questionnaire (SAQ). Participants ( n = 26) included students from 10th- and 12th-grade one-semester outdoor education programs. Analysis of paired t tests of the intervention phase showed gains in three of four SAQ dimensions (situational coping, interpersonal leadership, and self-efficacy) as well as in overall SAQ scores. There were no observable differences in overall SAQ within grade level based on gender or between grade levels. The instructor and outdoor experiences were perceived to influence self-authorship. These findings contribute to the research examining the benefits of one-semester outdoor education programs and have implications for educators aiming to enhance participants’ self-authorship based on desirable outdoor education programming identified by students.
The Birdhouse Project as Experiential Learning Tool for College Students and Beyond
Authors: Hasha Margot , Kalich Deann
Published: September 2016

This study details the use of a project-based experiential exercise in a 4-year university Sociology of Death and Dying classroom setting in a large public institution in the United States. The Birdhouse Project was implemented with 436 student participants from 15 senior-level Death and Dying classes across six regular semesters over a 3-year span. Findings clearly indicate the efficacy of the project in both educational and clinical settings for encouraging growth in knowledge building, insight or compassion building, and skills building. Additionally, through implementation of the project, participants experienced improved articulation of bereavement issues around both death and nondeath losses.
Appropriateness of Acid Suppression Therapy
Authors: De Rijdt Thomas , Spriet Isabel , Willems Ludo , Blanckaert Marianne , Hiele Martin , Wilmer Alexander , Simoens Steven
Published: September 2016

Background: The inappropriate startup of long-term acid suppressive therapy (AST) can have clinical and pharmacoeconomic impacts on ambulatory care. Objective: To assess the proportion of patients with appropriate initiation of long-term AST in non–critically ill patients. To describe possible risk factors for nonappropriate AST. To calculate the potential savings when eliminating the nonappropriate startup of AST. Method: This observational, retrospective study evaluated the appropriateness of startup of long-term AST in medical records using a broad variety of international criteria and guidelines and using a validated screening instrument. Results: A sample of 597 patients was included in the analysis. In 57% of them, AST was appropriately initiated. No specific risk profile could be defined. There was some indication that the availability of a clinical pharmacist and the use of standing orders were correlated to the outcome. Extrapolation to the total population (ie, 2836 patients) led to a total cost of €8880 during hospital stay plus an extra €40 391 per month after discharge. Avoiding inappropriate initiation of AST could lead to a saving of €3805 plus €17 441 per month. Conclusion: In all, 43% of initiation of long-term AST in the hospital was inappropriate. The potential savings from avoiding this could be substantial from a health care payer perspective. No patient characteristics that could predict for inappropriate initiation of AST were identified. A correlation between inappropriate initiation and medical disciplines using standing orders that include AST was seen.
How U.S. Consumers Respond to Product Placement: Cluster Analysis Based on Cognitive and Attitudinal Responses to Advertising in General
Authors: Ham Chang-Dae , Park Jin Seong , Park Sejin
Published: September 2016

Despite extensive research in product placement, little research has examined how different consumer groups respond to product placement. The present study aims to fill this gap, employing cluster analysis to segment U.S. consumers according to cognitive and attitudinal responses they have developed to advertising in general. Analyzing a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults ( N = 21,944), this study identified five clusters. The clusters reflect varying responses to product placement on television and in movies, as well as distinct demographic and media usage profiles. These findings are discussed from the perspective of consumer socialization and marketplace social intelligence.
Biased Objectivity: An Experiment on Information Preferences of Journalists and Citizens
Authors: Mothes Cornelia
Published: September 2016

The present study aims to reconcile conflicting evidence from previous research on the role of objectivity in journalists’ and citizens’ information behaviors. Drawing on news quality frameworks and confirmation bias research, the article proposes a model of “biased objectivity” that was tested by a quasi-experiment with 430 journalists and 432 citizens in Germany. Results show that both perceived objectivity value (news quality perspective) and attitude consistency of a message (confirmation bias perspective) enhanced the informational value of a message, with objectivity value mediating the effect of attitude consistency on informational value perceptions (“biased objectivity” perspective). Journalistic professionalism did not moderate this relationship.
Speaking up Online: Exploring Hostile Media Perception, Health Behavior, and Other Antecedents of Communication
Authors: McKeever Robert , McKeever Brooke Weberling , Li Jo-Yun
Published: September 2016

This study explores the influence of hostile media perception (HMP) and other antecedents to mothers’ willingness to speak up regarding the issue of breastfeeding, particularly in online environments. An online survey of mothers ( N = 455) revealed that mothers are more likely to express opinions about breastfeeding online, and also with friends and family, if they consider media coverage of the issue biased or hostile. In addition, as hypothesized, the personality trait of outspokenness influences mothers’ willingness to speak up and mediates the effect of HMP on communication, although there were conditional effects based on mothers’ past breastfeeding behaviors. Implications are discussed.
Determining the cost of implementing and operating a remote patient monitoring programme for the elderly with chronic conditions: A systematic review of economic evaluations
Authors: Peretz Daniel , Arnaert Antonia , Ponzoni Norma N
Published: September 2016

Introduction

Remote patient monitoring (RPM) in conjunction with home nursing visits is becoming increasingly popular for the follow-up of patients with chronic conditions and evidence exists that it improves patients’ health outcomes. Current cost data is reported inconsistently and often gathered from studies of poor methodological quality, making it difficult for decision-makers who consider implementing this service in their organizations. This study reviewed the cost of RPM programmes targeting elderly patients with chronic conditions.

Methods

After evaluation against the inclusion and exclusion criteria and appraisal against two criteria which are important for economic evaluations, data from selected studies were extracted and grouped into meaningful cost categories, then adjusted to reflect November 2015 US dollars.

Results

In the 13 selected studies, the newly-created cost category ‘Combined intervention cost’ (reflecting equipment purchasing, servicing and monitoring cost) for the various RPM programmes ranged from US$275–US$7963 per patient per year. The three main findings are: (a) RPM programme costs have decreased since 2004 due to cheaper technology; (b) monitoring a single vital sign is likely to be less costly than monitoring multiple vital signs; and (c) programmes targeting hypertension or congestive heart failure are less costly than those targeting respiratory diseases or multiple conditions.

Conclusions

This review recommends that future studies present their cost data with more granularity, that grouping of costs should be minimized and that any assumptions, such as amortization, should be made explicit. In addition, studies should compare programmes with similar characteristics in terms of type of conditions, number of vital signs monitored, etc. for more generalizable results.
Asynchronous interpretation of manual and automated audiometry: Agreement and reliability
Authors: Brennan-Jones Christopher G , Eikelboom Robert H , Bennett Rebecca J , Tao Karina FM , Swanepoel De Wet
Published: September 2016

Introduction

Remote interpretation of automated audiometry offers the potential to enable asynchronous tele-audiology assessment and diagnosis in areas where synchronous tele-audiometry may not be possible or practical. The aim of this study was to compare remote interpretation of manual and automated audiometry.

Methods

Five audiologists each interpreted manual and automated audiograms obtained from 42 patients. The main outcome variable was the audiologist’s recommendation for patient management (which included treatment recommendations, referral or discharge) between the manual and automated audiometry test. Cohen’s Kappa and Krippendorff’s Alpha were used to calculate and quantify the intra- and inter-observer agreement, respectively, and McNemar’s test was used to assess the audiologist-rated accuracy of audiograms. Audiograms were randomised and audiologists were blinded as to whether they were interpreting a manual or automated audiogram.

Results

Intra-observer agreement was substantial for management outcomes when comparing interpretations for manual and automated audiograms. Inter-observer agreement was moderate between clinicians for determining management decisions when interpreting both manual and automated audiograms. Audiologists were 2.8 times more likely to question the accuracy of an automated audiogram compared to a manual audiogram.

Discussion

There is a lack of agreement between audiologists when interpreting audiograms, whether recorded with automated or manual audiometry. The main variability in remote audiogram interpretation is likely to be individual clinician variation, rather than automation.
Copper contaminated wastewater – An evaluation of bioremedial options
Authors: Varma V. Geetha , Misra Anil K.
Published: September 2016

The potential of papaya leaf powder and paddy straw powder for copper(II) removal was evaluated from aqueous solution via column and batch adsorption studies. Batch adsorption studies were performed to determine the contact time effects, biosorbent dosage, pH and initial concentration of metal ion on adsorption capacity. Results showed approximately 90% to 95% of copper removal using both the adsorbents from the solution. As the amount of biosorbent increases, the biosorption capacity also increases. Findings indicate that pH is an important factor for metal ion biosorption and 7.0 is the optimum pH for copper removal. For explaining the mechanism of copper distribution into the solid and liquid phases in batch studies, Freundlich isotherm and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model are used and findings illustrate that adsorption phenomenon is better represented by Freundlich isotherm. Maximum adsorption capacity of copper was calculated as 24.63 mg/g and 37.17 mg/g for papaya powder and for paddy straw powder, respectively, by using Langmuir model. The adsorption phenomenon complies with the pseudo-second-order rate equation. Using packed bed column, the biosorbents’ ability of copper(II) ions removal from aqueous solution was also examined and an S shape profile was obtained for the breakthrough curve. For practical applications, both the adsorbents can be effectively used for wastewater treatment owing to their high capacity of adsorption of heavy metals at very low cost.
An exploration of the control strategies for responsive umbrella-like structures
Authors: Megahed Naglaa A.
Published: September 2016

By integrating cybernetic features and computational schemes within architectural design, architects began to conceptualize a new form of architecture that adapts to the varying needs of the user and to environmental situations. As verified by contemporary architecture, responsive technologies allow softer, more flexible and more responsive architecture to emerge. As a result, there is a rising interest in umbrella-like systems that can intelligently respond to create a more sustainable environment, while expanding the vocabulary and practice of present-day architecture. The aim of this research is to review and highlight the importance and influence of umbrella-like systems on the creation of responsive architecture. In addition, the research aims to present recently embedded software technologies perpetrated by current practice in umbrella-like structures to explore the role of control strategies in responsive architecture.
Dispersion of indoor air pollutants emitted at near-floor levels in rooms with floor heating and mixing ventilation
Authors: Jurelionis Andrius , Stasiuliene Laura , Prasauskas Tadas , Martuzevicius Dainius
Published: September 2016

The usage of floor heating is increasing in low-energy buildings as it enables efficient applications of low-exergy level heat sources as well as provides a uniform distribution of air temperature and low air velocities in heated spaces. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of floor heating on the dispersion of gaseous pollutants emitted at the floor level, considering that carpets and flooring materials can be sources of such pollution. Mixing ventilation with high-level wall grille air supply and in-ceiling four-way air supply was tested numerically and experimentally in the full-scale chamber at the air change rate of 2 h−1. Three positions of a heated dummy in relation to the pollution source, cold surface and air supply diffusers were analysed. Both experiments and CFD predictions revealed the overall positive effect of floor heating on ventilation effectiveness and personal exposure. Floor heating increased pollutant removal effectiveness by 5% and reduced personal exposure by 22% on average.
Good practice case studies in the advancement of women in policing
Authors: Ward Aiyana , Prenzler Tim
Published: September 2016

Research shows that increasing the number of female officers is beneficial to policing. However, women remain a minority in police departments throughout the world, and the better performing departments have, on the whole, achieved female representation at only 25%, with senior women at 10%. There is also very little research on effective strategies for making large improvements. Consequently, this study aimed to identify and explain above average achievements in the status of women in policing. Following a worldwide search, five cases were identified: one involved female recruits (North Wales), two involved officer numbers (Cumbria and Surrey), and two involved women in senior ranks (Hertfordshire and South Africa). Efforts to identify possible influences were limited by a lack of information about strategies, including in response to requests for information. However, there were indicators that outcomes were related to senior management commitment, explicit targets, monitoring, flexible employment and a range of support mechanisms such as mentoring and leadership programmes. The findings emphasize the need for more research on what works in optimizing women’s participation in police work.
The changing ethos and personae of shop-window mannequins within consumer culture: Expressions of gendered embodiment
Authors: Engdahl Emma , Gelang Marie
Published: September 2016

In this article, the invention of new forms of desire that target the gendered body in consumer culture is examined through the lens of the visual rhetoric of shop-window mannequins. The article is a result of cross-disciplinary research combining rhetorical and sociological theories and methods. Inspired by nonverbal methods and theories of embodiment, successive modernities and gender, the changing ethos and personae of mannequins from the 1930s until today are decoded. The shop window could be seen as a microcosm of consumer culture and is, therefore, interesting to study over time to unveil its shifting ideals. The empirical data consist of over 1000 pictures of window displays. Questions that are asked in analysing the empirical material are the following: (1) What ethos and personae do the shop-window mannequins nonverbally express? (2) How do the ethos and personae they nonverbally express change during the transformation of modernity? and (3) Are there any differences between the ethos and personae nonverbally expressed by the male and female mannequins, as well as within each gender? In the two first sections, a theoretical understanding of the concepts of ethos and persona as forms of embodiment that emerge through the interaction between the shop-window mannequins and the consumer is developed. In the third section, the empirical technique that has been used to capture the ethos and personae expressed by the shop-window mannequins is treated. In the fourth section, the notion of successive modernities is introduced, as the study aims to observe the transformation of the ethos and personae of male and female shop-window mannequins during the course of modernity. Also a gender perspective is added as the observation shows differences between and within each gender category. In the fifth section, the result of the analysis of the empirical materials is presented.
Tales of The Sea: Connecting people with dementia to the UK heritage through maritime archaeology: Innovative practice
Authors: Cutler Clare , Palma Paola , Innes Anthea
Published: September 2016

This paper reports on a pilot study evaluating the impact of a series of interactive and educational maritime archaeological sessions for people with dementia. A typical archaeological approach was adopted including excavations, recovery and reconstruction of artefacts. Findings from this study demonstrate the importance of providing information, delivering alternative activities, enabling educational opportunities and offering support to and for people living with dementia. Our findings further illustrate that people with dementia can be included in maritime archaeology and that including people with dementia in heritage-based initiatives is possible.
How to construct an organizational field: Empirical educational research in Germany, 1995–2015
Authors: Zapp Mike , Powell Justin J.W.
Published: September 2016

Over the past two decades, educational research in Germany has undergone unprecedented changes. Following large-scale assessments such as the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), and a political interest in evidence-based policy-making, quality assessment and internationalization, direct involvement of national decision-makers has led to the establishment of new organizations, programs, funding structures, professorships, and training programs. Thus, a markedly different educational research field has emerged in contrast to the traditional philosophy-rooted, hermeneutics-trained and humanities-based German pedagogy or educational science. Instead, the new paradigm refers to itself as empirical educational research (EER). Thus, we trace institutionalization processes of EER from 1995 through the foundation of the new Empirical Educational Research Association (GEBF), which rivals the long-standing German Educational Research Association (DGfE). Official documents shed light on policymakers’ and funding agencies’ motivations and rationales as they successfully engage in building new research infrastructure. Expert interviews conducted with (inter)national representatives illuminate perceptions of crucial actors involved in the organizational field’s institutionalization. What are the causes and consequences of the emergent EER field in Germany? Extending the neoinstitutionalist organizational field literature, particularly about incipient stages of such fields, we show that a new division of labor transcends national and international as well as governmental and non-governmental borders.
Tracing the French policy PISA debate: A policy configuration approach
Authors: Pons Xavier
Published: September 2016

This article traces the evolution of the French policy PISA debate from 2001 to 2014 by analysing the results of two original qualitative researches. Theoretically, this debate is the outcome of specific policy configurations, which predetermine its scope, content and effectiveness. These configurations are themselves described through their political, institutional, professional and cognitive dimensions. Thus, three configurations are highlighted, all of which favour different public discourses: the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is seen as a topic only interesting to insiders (2001–2004), then as a politicised ranking (2005–2010) and, finally, as a tool purely for communication (2010–2014). The article shows that the major effect of PISA on the French education policy debate was to confirm and legitimate pre-existing opinions and policy stances, and that PISA was progressively scooped out from its statistical content.
Conductive polymer-based electro-conductive textile composites for electromagnetic interference shielding: A review
Authors: Maity Subhankar , Chatterjee Arobindo
Published: September 2016

This article reviews the preparation, development and characteristics of conductive polymer-based electro-conductive textile composites for electromagnetic interference shielding. Modification of ordinary textile materials in the form of electro-conductive composites makes them suitable for this purpose. Various metallic and non-metallic electro-conductive textiles have been explored here as the material for electromagnetic shielding. Different approaches of preparing textile electromagnetic shield have been described here. Recent advancements of application of conductive polymers in the field of textile electromagnetic shielding are described. Conductive polymer-coated textile materials showed superior electrical property as electromagnetic shield. Different methods of applications of conductive polymers onto textile surface are described here with their relative merits and demerits. Different conductive polymer-coated woven and nonwoven fabrics prepared by various researchers for electromagnetic shielding are taken into account. The effects of different process parameters of polymer processing on electromagnetic shielding are described.
Qualitative Publishing in a Neoliberal Universe and University
Authors: Allen Mitchell
Published: September 2016

Rapid transformation in the ecosystems of academic publication can be attributed not only to changing demands of the neoliberal university but also to factors in the broader economic, cultural, and technological world. The centralization of information flow has led to consolidation of academic publishing into fewer multinational media corporations who provide information to scholars in aggregated and disaggregated forms. Resistance by academics has focused on the availability of open access scholarship, but they have not solved how to make this system financially sustainable. This article reports on trends in this ever-more-unequal ecosystem, the challenges they raise, and options for scholars to solve them.
Clinical and Functional Impact of Hypogastric Artery Exclusion During EVAR
Authors: Mansour Wassim , Capoccia Laura , Sirignano Pasqualino , Montelione Nunzio , Pranteda Chiara , Formiconi Martina , Sbarigia Enrico , Speziale Francesco
Published: September 2016

Purpose:

Hypogastric artery (HA) revascularization during endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is still open to debate. Moreover, exclusion-related complication rates reported in literature are not negligible. The aim of this study is to present and analyze the outcomes in patients undergoing EVAR with exclusion of 1 or both HAs at our academic center.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed our results in patients submitted to EVAR and needing HA exclusion, in terms of perioperative (30-day) and follow-up rates of intestinal and spinal cord ischemia, buttock claudication, buttock skin necrosis, and sexual dysfunction.

Results:

From January 2008 to December 2014, a total of 527 patients underwent elective standard infrarenal EVAR; among those 104 (19.7%) had iliac involvement needing HA exclusion. In 73 patients with unilateral iliac involvement (70.1%, group UH), many single HAs were excluded. Thirty-one patients (29.9%) had bilateral iliac involvement (group BH), of which 16 (51.6%) had 1 HA excluded with revascularization of the contralateral one (group BHR); in the remaining 15 patients (48.4%) both HAs were excluded (group BHE). No 30-day or follow-up aneurysm-related mortality, intestinal, or spinal cord ischemia were recorded. At 30 days, skin necrosis was observed in 2 patients. Buttock claudication and sexual dysfunction rates were significantly greater in group BHE than in group BHR ( P < .05). At a mean 18.6 months follow-up (range: 4-47), buttock claudication and sexual dysfunction rates in group BHE were persistently higher than that in groups UH and BHR ( P < .05); HA coil embolization was significantly associated with buttock claudication and sexual dysfunction ( P < .05).

Conclusions:

Whenever anatomically feasible, at least 1 HA should be salvaged in case of bilateral involvement. In case of unilateral HA exclusion, the rate of complications is not negligible. Coil embolization is related to a higher complication rate.
End-of-Life Care for Hispanic Children
Authors: Lindley Lisa C. , Trujillo Laura V.
Published: September 2016

Introduction:

More than 8,000 Hispanic children die annually in the United States; yet little is known about the end-of-life care utilized. The purpose of this study was to examine the children and family characteristics associated with end-of-life care for Hispanic children.

Method:

A sample of 370 Hispanic children was created, using the 2009-2010 California Medicaid data. The relationship between child and family characteristics and end-of-life care utilization (i.e., hospice enrollment, emergency room utilization, hospital admissions) was analyzed using multivariate regression.

Results:

Pediatric hospice accessibility ( p < .05), palliative care policy ( p < .01), congenital anomalies ( p < .01), and cardiovascular conditions ( p < .01) were related to hospice enrollment. Usual source of care ( p < .001), functional status ( p < .001), palliative care policy ( p < .01), and private insurance ( p < .01) were associated with emergency room utilization, while usual source of care ( p < .001), cancer ( p < .001), and disability status ( p < .01) corresponded with hospital admissions.

Conclusion:

Nursing practices aimed at engaging Hispanic families in their community are critical to end-of-life care utilization for Hispanic children.
A coverage algorithm based on D-S theory for directional sensor networks
Authors: Zhang JuWei , Li Na , Wu Ningning , Wang Yu , Shi Jingzhuo
Published: September 2016

In view of the random deployment of directional sensor nodes, this article establishes the directional probability sensing model and proposes a distributed deployment strategy based on D-S theory, which makes the perceived probability of the target points in the monitoring area is equal to or greater than the threshold through the collaborative sensing among multiple nodes. The proposed algorithm uses fewer nodes to achieve the target coverage and meet the required overall coverage level. The simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm reduces the number of nodes effectively and guarantees the better coverage.
Methods and tools used by healthcare professionals to identify barriers to return-to-work for workers with upper extremity conditions in Australia
Authors: Peters Susan E , Johnston Venerina
Published: September 2016

Introduction

Healthcare professionals, including hand therapists, are frequently called upon to identify barriers to return-to-work for workers with upper extremity injuries. However, the methods and tools used to assess barriers to return-to-work remain unknown. Results from these assessments can be used to direct appropriate interventions for those who may be at risk of a prolonged work absence.

Methods

The purpose of this study was to identify the tools and methods used by healthcare professionals to assess barriers to return-to-work for workers with upper extremity conditions. A total of 596 Australian healthcare professionals responded to an open-ended question regarding the tools/methods they use to identify barriers to return-to-work. All responses were coded and analysed descriptively. Differences between professional disciplines were recorded.

Results

Healthcare professionals nominated 59 types of tools and methods that they use to identify barriers to return-to-work for workers with upper extremity conditions in their clinical practice. The most favoured method was clinical interviewing. Other commonly used tools were clinical measures, e.g., strength, and a return-to-work risk-factor screening tool validated on musculoskeletal diagnoses, the Orebro Musculoskeletal Screening Questionnaire.

Discussion

Healthcare professionals use a variety of methods and tools to identify barriers to return-to-work for workers with upper extremity conditions. Generally, they favoured subjective methods. Future research is needed to develop or validate assessment tools designed to identify barriers to return-to-work for workers with upper extremity conditions. In the absence of upper extremity specific screening tools, hand therapists should consider the biopsychosocial framework when evaluating barriers to return-to-work.
Freiberg’s Infarction Treated With Metatarsal Shortening Osteotomy, Marrow Stimulation, and Micronized Allograft Cartilage Matrix: A Case Report
Authors: Desai Sarang
Published: September 2016

Freiberg’s infarction is a well-known condition that most commonly effects the second metatarsophalangeal joint. The etiology of Freiberg’s infarction is not entirely clear and there is no consensus on treatment. The case report presents a patient successfully treated with a metatarsal shortening osteotomy, marrow stimulation, and micronized allograft cartilage matrix. This is to my knowledge the first reported case using the described technique for Freiberg’s infarction.

Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level V: Expert opinion
Delayed Type IIIb endoleak secondary to graft fabric tear 7 years following implantation of a Medtronic Talent endovascular aortic device: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kansal Vinay , Nagpal Sudhir
Published: September 2016

Objectives:

To report a rare case of delayed Type IIIb endoleak secondary to fabric tear following implantation of a Medtronic Talent endovascular device.

Methods:

A 83-year old gentleman underwent elective endovascular aneurysm repair for infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm with a Medtronic bifurcated stent graft in 2008.

Results:

Seven years after the initial repair, imaging surveillance revealed significant endoleak and brisk aneurysm sac expansion due to Type IIIb endoleak secondary to endograft limb fabric tear.

Conclusions:

This case illustrates the imperative role of imaging surveillance in detection of long-term endovascular aneurysm repair complications. Furthermore, we discuss exclusion of the graft tear with aortouniiliac stent grafting as the treatment for this complication.