bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of long lasting physical exercise and training on kidneys functions
Authors: Żołądkiewicz Katarzyna
Published: October 2019

During long lasting physical exercise and physical training, a large number of changes occur in the human body. The body homeostasis is disturbed, and observed changes include kidney function. The most common observed symptom is a decrease in the amount of urine excreted due to an increase in the secondary absorption of water during exercise.              During long lasting physical exercise the filtration in the glomeruli is impaired, and thus the composition of urine is changing. Differences in the amount of minerals excreted are noted, as a result of water loss, and urine osmolarity increases. Those changes are depend largely on the type of undertaken physical activity, its duration, as well as the individual predisposition of the examined physical active human. Therefore, in individual studies, the results differ significantly, and it is impossible to draw unequivocal conclusions.
Physical activity – classification, characteristics and health benefits
Authors: Piotrowska Katarzyna , Pabianek Łukasz
Published: October 2019

Regular physical activity is associated with numerous health benefits for both women and men. By regularly engaging in physical activity, we delay overall mortality and improve well-being in any population. The size of the observed adaptive changes resulting from the implemented physical activity is very large, and its benefits are numerous. Appropriate level of physical activity should be maintained throughout life due to its ability to inhibit the natural aging process and slow down the lesions observed with age.The purpose of this work is to illustrate the natural components of physical fitness and physical activity, with particular emphasis on its impact on health and well-being.
The assessment of functional fitness and risk of falls in people aged 70 and older
Authors: Młyńczyk Jagoda , Machniak Mariusz , Podhorecka Marta , Paprocka-Borowicz Małgorzata
Published: October 2019

Introduction. One of the key elements of successful aging is to maintain autonomy and independence in daily activities and performance.Aim. The aim of this dissertation is to evaluate the functional capacity of elders. Due to the growing proportion of elderly people in the society, the next objective of the research was to assess the risk of falls in people over 70 years of age.Material and methods. The study included 72 people with an average age of 78.74 years +/- 6.50 years, including 44 women and 28 men. The inclusion criteria for the study group was completing 70 years of age and the result above 23 points obtained in the MMSE test (The Mini Mental State Examination). To evaluate balance, a few tests such as Berg Balance Scale, “get up and go” test, Tinetti Test, and Senior Fitness Test were used. In addition, I used Barthel scale to assess functional capacity. The assessment of the balance was based on the Tinetti test and Berg scale. These tests also assess the seniors’ exposure on downs.Results. The results reflect the occurrence of deficits during gait and in the process to maintain balance. For 72 subjects in the test Tinetti only 17 participants showed minor threat of falling, and in 24, risk was five times higher than in others. Test ‘get up and go’, showed that the increased risk of falls in the study group concerns 28 people, while a high risk of 20 respondents.Conclusions. The dependence between the risk of falls and reduced functional efficiency points to the need of implementing exercises in geriatric care that could improve the efficiency and the body balance.
Aerobic motor skills and the effectiveness of football players on the example of German Club BSC Eintracht Südring Berlin
Authors: Kalinowski Paweł , Kalinowska Katarzyna , Nowakowska Monika , Wieczorek Andrzej , Jerszyński Damian
Published: October 2019

Constant development and commercialization of football makes it somewhat compelling to look for proven solutions in order to determine both the represented players’ level of competence and the most important components of the effectiveness or efficiency of a game. Evolution of walking distance over the years directs attention towards the aerobic motor skills.In this report, there have been made attempts to determine the relationship between the effectiveness of the game and the endurance of the tested football players of the BSC Eintracht Südring Berlin club.The research covered a group of 22 players from the Berlin club. The tests were carried out in the autumn round of the 2018/2019 season in Berlin in the period from July to November 2018. The endurance was measured with the help of the Cooper Test, while the players’ performance was evaluated by the method of competent judges. The results of the study were statistically analyzed in the Statistica 13.1 program. Descriptive statistics were carried out, the minimum (min), maximum (max), average (X) and standard deviation (SD) values were calculated, and the coefficient correlation was determined.It was noted a significant correlation between the effectiveness of the game and the endurance.
Personality profile of Polish Volleyball players – a case study of players at various sports levels
Authors: Piepiora Paweł , Kaśków Klaudia
Published: October 2019

Aim. The aim of the study was to check if there are differences in the personality of volleyball players in Poland at different levels of sports advancement. Method and subject. The study was conducted with the NEO-FFI Personality Inventory on three groups of Polish volleyball players: first league (n = 30), second league (n = 30), third league (n = 30).             Results. First league volleyballers showed lower levels of neuroticism and higher extraversion and conscientiousness indicators than players from the third league. Conclusions. There are statistical significant differences between volleyballers at different sports levels in the scales of neuroticism, extraversion and conscientiousness.
Heart Failure in Infancy and Childhood
Authors: McNamara Dan G.
Published: October 2019

Recognition of heart failure, especially left heart failure is often more difficult in the infant than the medical management. Treatment of failure is aimed at:

Rapid relief of congestion in vital organs such as the lung and

Improving the oxygen supply to deprived organs.

Basically the plan should be aimed at increasing cardiac output, decreasing circulating blood volume and preventing conditions which call for increased oxygen utilization.

For patients with pulmonary edema attention is directed at improving ventilation as much as in improving cardiac output.

Heart failure in the infant may now be treated with greater optimism and hope than was justified ten years ago. Some infants recover entirely with no further treatment needed while others recover sufficiently to reach the cardiovascular surgeon in a reasonable state for definitive surgical repair.
Nutrition Education to the Community
Authors: SASTROAMIDJOJO SOEMILAH
Published: October 2019

The improvement of the nutritional status of the Indonesian children require an increase in food production, per capita income, level of education, better environmental hygiene, immunization and health services and nutrition education.

Nutrition education is an important as an adequate food supply (by the government) and purchasing power as long as long as ignorance and superstitions concerning food are present.

The importance of nutrition education is realized by the lndonesian government and is reflected in its Five Years Development Plans.

Nutrition education will be emphasized and included in the program of health improvement.

There should be ''educators" (in nutrition) available to make this program a success.

The medical doctor, even more the pediatrician, is potentially, the right person as nutrition educator. However, the clue is that each doctor realizes the importance of nutrition education and does nutrition education, making the best use of his/her potentials.
The Hazards of Malnutrition in Early Infancy
Authors: Indrawati Ratna
Published: October 2019

Severe protein calorie malnutrition is often accompanied by vitamin A deficiency and intercurrent infections. These three conditions have a synergistic action on each other. The younger the infant, the more severe are the hazards of nutritional deficiency.

Severe malnutrition in early infancy results in:

Direct hazards to the infant consisting of:

Retardation of physical development.

Retardation of brain development with subsequent impairment of learning ability.

Decreased resistance against infections.

PCM is a predisposing factor to diarrhoea, with aggravated the malnutrition.

Blindness due to vitamin A deficiency.
Percentiles for Height and Weight of Children between 6-14 Years of Age in Bandung
Authors: Permadhi Hendra , Danoemoelja Doerjat , Tjokrohusada Hartaman , Sugiri Sugiri
Published: October 2019

From a cross sectional study on height and weight of children from 6 to 14 years of age, percentile curves were drawn. This study was done in Bandung during a period of 10 months in 1973. The subjects were obtained from 215 elementary schools and 17 Kindergartens and 65,809 pupils were measured. Only 15,099 children were selected for this study based on their birthdates. The 1Oth, 30th, 50th, 70th and 90th percentiles, mean and standard deviations were calculated and plotted in graphs. Data within the range + and - 2 SD were considered normal. Data in the category between + 2 SD and 90th percentile were considered "Tall or heavy", between 30th and 70th percentiles "Average" and between 10th percentile and -2 SD "Short or light". Data outside the limits of -+- 2 SD were considered extremes. These graphs can be recommended in following the growth of children transversally as well as longitudinally.
Cerebral Palsy in Y .P .A. C. (Institution for Crippled Children) Semarang
Authors: Winarno Soelatin , Wirjohatmodjo Oemar , Harijono Harijono , Alfinah Siti , Wirawan Wirawan
Published: October 2019

Thirty-five cases of cerebral palsy patients admitted to the Institution for Crippled Children, Semarang, have been discussed. Diagnosis was made by a team comprising an orthopedic surgeon, a neurologist, a paediatrician, and a psychologist. Treatment performed consisted of muscle relaxant, physiotherapy, and also surgery. Introduction, material arid method of observation, treatment, sex distribution; classification, speech disturbance, mental status, results of treatment, and comparison with the cases in Bombay, form the sequence of this report.
Tetanus Neonatorum in the Bethesda Hospital Y ogyakarta
Authors: Marwoto Marwoto , Surjono Achmad
Published: October 2019

Thirty cases of tetanus neonatorum admitted to the Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta, from January through December 1974, were analyzed. Twenty seven cases (90%) were born at home attended by traditional midwives, 2 (6.7%) were delivered at home attended by midwives while 1 (3.3%) was born in the obstetric ward of the hospital. The fatality rate is high. The possible cause of neonatal tetanus in these cases might be the delivery at home by traditional midwives and the application of contaminated materials such as traditional medicines on the umbilical stump. Tetanus neonatorum is an important cause of neonatal death in rural areas. The cost of treatment of tetanus neonatorum is much higher than the cost of antenatal tetanus immunization, which is one of the practical effective and safe methods in preventing tetanus neonatorum.
Intrathecal Hydrocortisone in the Treatment of Tuberculous Meningitis (Preliminary Report)
Authors: N. Harsoyo , Trastotenojo Moeljono S. , Soejono Soejono , Abubakar Dedy , Warman Indra
Published: October 2019

A trial on the treatment of tuberculous meningitis with intrathecal hydrocortisone, beside INH, PAS, and Streptomycin, performed at the Dr. Kariadi General Hospital in October 1972, is reported. Eighteen patients were treated, giving good results; 5.6% mortality were noted. A great number of complications

of optic nerve atrophy (61.1 %) were found and 22.2% with early atrophy recovered. The results are better compared with those of Choremis et al. (1957) who found a mortality of 13.7% among 29 patients with tuberculous meningitis treated in the same way, except P.A.S.
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (Case Report)
Authors: Marwoto Marwoto , Surjono Achmad
Published: October 2019

A case of a female infant with congenital abnormality of the urogenital apparatus, an excess of the urinary 17-ketosteroid, mild salt losing disorder, acceleration of growth ossification, described as congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase defect has been reported.
Tiberal (Ro 7-0207-Roche) in the Treatment of Intestinal Amoebiasis - Part II
Authors: Sunoto Sunoto , Pudjiadi S. H. , Suharjono Suharjono , Sulaiman Z.
Published: October 2019

Twenty-four intestinal amoebiasis patients have been treated with a new amoebicid tiberal (Roche) or metronidazole as a control in a dosage of 15- 30 mg/kg body weight per day for 5 consecutive days. The results show that both drugs achieve a 100% cure rate. No side effects or signs of drug toxicity as evaluated from the results of the safety tests were observed. No signs of clinical or parasitological relapses were seen (after discharge. In comparison with the previous trial with a lower dosage (7~ - 15 mg.) and longer course (7 days) the results were even better, e.g. clinical improvement and parasitological disappearance were achieved in a shorter time.
Children's Immunization Status and Family Size of Doctor'S FaMilies in Dr. Pirngadi Haspital Medan
Authors: Arsyad Johnny , Arsyad Fuad , Lubis Chairuddin P. , Siregar Helena
Published: October 2019

A study of children’s immunization status and family size of doctor’s families in Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan, lndonesia had been conducted on December 1982.

The study was done by distributing questionaires to 105 doctors.

From this study we found 247 children consisting of 19 children under 1 year of age and 228 over 1 year. Basic immunization had been done in 177 children (71.66%). Most of them had been vaccinated against Tuberculosis (95.95%). but only 2 children had been vaccinated against Measles (0.81%). The doctors who had 2 children were 30.47% and mean of total wanted children was 3.30.

Awareness of immunization besides BCG and family planning should be increased among the doctors in Dr. Pinrgadi Hospital.
Factors Influencing Empyema in Children
Authors: Kartasasmita Cissy B. , Rosmayudi Oma , Wahyunarti Rita
Published: October 2019

Incidence of empyema in children at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital is still high, commensurate with the high number of cases of pneumonia. Thirty-seven children with empyema were studied from July 1984 to December 1985; 20 of them were females and 17 males with the age ranging between 5 months and 12 years.

Three patients (8.1 %) had loculated fluid as observed on chest roentgenographs; the remainder had empyema sinistra and dextra at 43.2% and 48.6% respectively. More than 50% of the patients were undernourished (56. 7%), 5 of whom were marasmic. On admission, 89.2% complained of dyspnea, 24.3% of cough, 16.2% of high fever and 10.8% of chest pain. All patients suffered from acute respiratory tract injection (ARI) 7 to 30 days before admission, 70.3% of whom did not receive adequate medication and 5 individuals received no treatment at all. Chest tube drainage was performed on 34 patients. In the study, 3 patients died (8.1%) due to sepsis. All recovered patients had pleural thickening on chest roentgenographs on discharge.

The role of under nutrition, delay of medication and inadequate treatment of ARI seemed to have an1 influence on empyema in the patients observed.
Treatment of Infantile Spasms with Valproic Acid
Authors: Soetomenggolo Taslim S.
Published: October 2019

During 2 years (1985- 1986), 12 patients with infantile spasms were treated at the Department of Child Health, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta.

The diagnosis of infantile spasms was based on the specific clinical manifestation and the specific EEG pattern. -Head CT Scan was done to look for abnormalities of the brain. Eleven (91.6%) of the 12 patients had suffered from neurological deficit before treatment was started. Eleven patients suffered from developmental retardation one patient suffered from cerebral palsy, and 5 patients had microcephaly. In nine (75%) of the 12 patients, the EEG showed hypsarrhythmia, and in 3 (25%) multi focal spikes were found.

All of the 12 patients were treated with the combination of ACTH/dexamethasone and valproic acid. Excellent results were found in 8 (66. 7%) patients, and good in 4 (33.3%). All of the EEG abnormalities disappeared after treatment.
Comparison between 200 ml and 1 liter packages of oral rehydration solution prepared by mothers of patients with diarrhea in the oral rehydration room
Authors: Suryanto Muhammad , Hariati Renny , Soenarto Yati , A. Moenginah P.
Published: October 2019

To have a comparison between the preparation of oral rehydration solution (ORS) of 200 ml and 1 liter packages, a study had been done in 30 mothers of children under five years of age suffering from diarrhea who treated their children in oral rehydration room (group I) and 30 mothers of non diarrheal children under five years sampled in the out-patient Department of Child Health, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital (group II).

No significant difference was found (p <0.05) concerning the sodium concentration in th ORS of 200 ml and in the 1 liter package (group I: 85.95 ± 16.07, and 81.52 ± 16.21, group II 98.11 ± 24.67 and 97.02 ± 21.87) (mEq/L, Mean ± SD). Of 30 mothers group 11, 5 mothers (19.23%) made mistakes in preparing the I liter packages of ORS and the sodium concentration in this package was higher compared to the concentration in the 200 ml package. There was no significant difference concerning diluted volume and the sodium concentration between group I and the recommended method, but there was a significant difference (p < 0.005) between group II and recommended method.

A significant difference was also found (p ( 0.001) between group I and group 11 about the mothers knowledge of the effect of diarrhea, the use of ORS, the amount of ORS that must be given lo !he patients and !he indications to refer the patients to !he health center or hospital.
Is Family Planning Already Accepted by the Present Generation? Freshmen's View on Family Planning at University of North Sumatera, Medan ( Third Report )
Authors: Syarifuddin Amir , Thahir Irwan , Hasibuan Berlian , Siregar Zakaria , Siregar Helena
Published: October 2019

A study on views of family planning among freshmen of University of North Sumatera, Medan was conducted for the third time in 1985.

Questionnaires was distributed to 2245 freshmen of whom 1997 gave the response consisting of 1153 males and 844 females.

The result showed that most of the freshmen (67,59%) planned to have only 2-3 children and get married at the ages of 25- 29 ye1rs· 31,30% wished to have 2 sons and 1 daughter,· 79,75% had the opinion that son or daughter is the same, nearly all of them (97,75%) were planning to have a small family, whereas 34,95% planned to choose IUD for their family-planning method.

We can conclude that family planning is well accepted by the present generation.
Investigations on the Aetiology and Antibiotic Management of Neonatal Septicemia
Authors: Monintja Hans Eldih
Published: October 2019

This is a prospective study aimed in identifying the latest aetiological factors of neonatal sepsis in Dr. Cipto General Hospital, Jakarta, and investigating the efficacy of antibiotics treatment especially with ceftriaxone.

This study revealed that the present main causative microorganisms are as follows: Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and E. coli. The case fatality rates being: (1) Standard treatment with ampicillin and gentamycin: 80.9%, (2) S(andard treatment with consomittant ceftriaxone: 20%, (3) Ceftriaxone: 9,52%.

It seems that in facing neonatal septicemia, the initial antibiotic should be the third generation cephalosporine. The second choice is chloramphenicol. However, the causative agent and the sensitivity test should be monitored regularly.
Transumbilical Balloon Atrial Septostomy with Echocardiographic Monitoring
Authors: Sastroasmoro Sudigdo , Madiyono Bambang , Oesman Ismet N. , Putra Sukman Tulus , Soelaiman Eva Jeumpa
Published: October 2019

Balloon atrial sept ostomy is usually necessary for survival beyond infancy in patients with transposition of the great arteries and insufficient intracardiac mixing. Since the umbilical vein and ductus venosus are often patent in the newborn infants, this route can be considered as an alternative to a femoral venous route in a critically ill infant. A 7 day-old newborn with D-transposition with intact ventricular septum and small patent foramen ovate was successfully managed by creating atrial septal defect through transumbilical balloon arterial septostomy. The procedure was carried out in the neonatal intensive care unit, guided by 2D-echocardiography. The arterial oxygen saturation increased dramatically upon the completion of the procedure, and a large atrial septal defect could be demonstrated echocardiographically. Unfortunately the infant died before further definitive surgery was performed.
Recent Advances in the Management of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in Children
Authors: Fine Richard N.
Published: October 2019

It has been almost 20 years since the initial report were published detailing the use of the dual treatment modalities of dialysis and renal transplantation to treat children with ESRD. During this time, the outlook for the infant, child and adolescent with ESRD has changed dramatically from abject pessimism to cautious optimism.

Initially, hemodialysis was the principle dialytic technique utilized; however, intermittent peritoneal dialysis was used occasionally in selected centers. The latter required less technical expertise, but necessitated considerably more dialysis time and was significantly less efficient at alleviating the clinical and biochemical consequences of uremia.
A Double-Strategy-Check Active Learning Algorithm for Hyperspectral Image Classification
Authors: Cui Ying , Ji Xiaowei , Xu Kai , Wang Liguo
Published: October 2019

Applying limited labeled samples to improve classification results is a challenge in hyperspectral images. Active Learning (AL) and Semisupervised Learning (SSL) are two promising techniques to achieve this challenge. Combining AL with SSL is an excellent idea for hyperspectral image
classification. The traditional method, such as the Collaborative Active and Semisupervised Learning algorithm (CASSL), may introduce many incorrect pseudolabels and shows premature convergence. To overcome these drawbacks, a novel framework named Double-Strategy-Check Collaborative Active
and Semisupervised Learning (DSC-CASSL) is proposed in this paper. This framework combines two different AL algorithms and SSL in a collaborative mode. The double-strategy verification can gradually improve the pseudolabeling accuracy and facilitate SSL. We evaluate the performance of DSC-CASSL
on four hyperspectral data sets and compare it with that of four hyperspectral image classification methods. Our results suggest that DSC-CASSL leads to consistent improvement for hyperspectral image classification.
Leitura em voz alta e discussões orais: estratégias de ensino nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa
Authors: Oliveira Márcia Andréa Almeida de , Araújo Alessandra Karina Gomes de
Published: October 2019

Neste artigo, discute-se o efeito das instruções de leitura nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa. Com base nos estudos sobre leitura, bem como nas pesquisas qualitativa e documental e na análise de conteúdo, buscamos verificar os tipos de instrução que foram usados nas aulas ministradas por uma estagiária e com que frequência cada um foi mobilizado, bem como a relação entre eles e o engajamento dos alunos nas atividades e a quantidade de questionamentos que fizeram. Os resultados revelam que quanto mais leitura em voz alta e discussão oral sobre o texto maior é o engajamento dos alunos do 9º do Ensino Fundamental e menor a quantidade de dúvidas por eles demonstradas. O estudo também evidenciou que na prática de leitura silenciosa eles mostraram compreender menos os textos lidos em sala de aula.
Desenho Universal para a Aprendizagem aplicado à promoção da educação inclusiva: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Vitaliano Célia Regina , Prais Jacqueline Lidiane de Souza , Santos Katiane Pereira dos
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar a aplicação do Desenho Universal para a Aprendizagem (DUA) na promoção da educação inclusiva em produções científicas brasileiras. Para tanto, adotou como encaminhamento metodológico as etapas da revisão sistemática para uma busca em diversos sites científicos que resultaram  na identificação de 24 estudos sobre o tema. A leitura exaustiva das obras analisadas permitiu a organização dos dados de análise em cinco categorias: 1) elaboração de material didático, 2) formação docente inicial e/ou continuada, 3) planejamento de ensino, 4) articulação com outro conceito e 5) prática pedagógica. As análises desenvolvidas evidenciaram a natureza das produções científicas que abordam a perspectiva do DUA no contexto da inclusão educacional. Além disso, os resultados  forneceram subsídios teóricos e práticos para a compreensão das possibilidades de implementação do DUA para favorecer o aprimoramento da educação inclusiva nos diferentes níveis e modalidades de ensino.
Política y estrategia nacional de desarrollo y ordenamiento territorial en Argentina
Authors: Erbiti Cecilia
Published: October 2019

Durante los gobiernos de Néstor Kirchner y Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (2003–2015) se instrumentó la Política y Estrategia Nacional de Desarrollo y Ordenamiento Territorial (PENDOT), que permitiría avanzar hacia un modelo de país donde cada habitante y su comunidad lograra, entre otras metas, alcanzar la sustentabilidad ambiental del territorio. En este marco, el artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la incorporación de la dimensión ambiental de la sustentabilidad en la trayectoria de formulación de los tres componentes de la pendot: Sistema de Información, Vinculación y Asistencia para el Desarrollo Territorial; Plan Estratégico Territorial; y Anteproyecto de Ley Nacional de Ordenamiento del Territorio. El estudio realizado aporta al conocimiento de las debilidades detectadas en el proceso de ordenamiento territorial que afectan al bloque ambiental asociado al mismo; ellas son: cierta incoherencia en la lógica políticas/objetivos/estrategias; inconsistencias conceptuales y metodológicas en la elaboración del Modelo Territorial Actual e incongruencia entre este último y el Modelo Deseado de Territorio.
Partai Islam, Tafsif Agama, dan Representasi Perempuan dalam Partai Persatuan Pembangunan
Authors: Sweinstani Mouliza K.D.
Published: October 2019

Some studies about women’s participation in Islamic Political Parties are still limited in political recruitment without considering the “Islamic Values” within in. This paper aims to analyze how the Islamic Party in Indonesia supports and works for women's representation in the national legislature in 2014 amid some “mainstream-malestream” religion interpretation of a leader. By conducting in-depth interviews with the Chairman of the PPP, the most senior Islamic Party in 2014 Election, the authors found that since 2003, as stipulated in Muktamar V PPP, the party has noticed the participation and role of women in politics. It shows us that in terms of giving attention to the role of women in Politics, PPP has done it before the government launched an affirmative action policy in 2004. Unfortunately, the openness of the participation of women that have been designed by the PPP has not been followed by its efforts to change the unequal structure and gender relations. Women candidates must compete in the prevailing market mechanism which is still gender-neutral.
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Associated Transverse Myelitis
Authors: Chroustová Iveta , Mareš Miroslav , Ungermann Leoš , Ehler Edvard
Published: October 2019

Antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein cause inflammatory lesions of central myelin – in optic nerves, of the brainstem, and spinal cord. There are characteristic changes of CNS white matter, protein-cytological association in cerebrospinal fluid, MOG IgG antibodies, a very important differential diagnosis and a relatively mild course.
A robust grey wolf-based deep learning for brain tumour detection in MR images
Authors: Geetha A. , Gomathi N.
Published: October 2019

In recent times, the detection of brain tumours has become more common. Generally, a brain tumour is an abnormal mass of tissue where the cells grow uncontrollably and are apparently unregulated by the mechanisms that control cells. A number of techniques have been developed thus far; however, the time needed in a detecting brain tumour is still a challenge in the field of image processing. This article proposes a new accurate detection model. The model includes certain processes such as preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification. Particularly, two extreme processes such as contrast enhancement and skull stripping are processed under the initial phase. In the segmentation process, we used the fuzzy means clustering (FCM) algorithm. Both the grey co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) as well as the grey-level run-length matrix (GRLM) features were extracted in the feature extraction phase. Moreover, this paper uses a deep belief network (DBN) for classification. The optimized DBN concept is used here, for which grey wolf optimisation (GWO) is used. The proposed model is termed the GW-DBN model. The proposed model compares its performance over other conventional methods in terms of accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, precision, negative predictive value (NPV), the F1Score and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC), false negative rate (FNR), false positive rate (FPR) and false discovery rate (FDR), and proves the superiority of the proposed work.
Οἱ ἰατροὶ λέγουσι … – Erläuterungen zur anatomischen Terminologie in Περὶ τῆς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου κατασκευῆς
Authors: Grimm-Stadelmann Isabel
Published: October 2019

The anatomical and physiological treatise Περὶ τῆς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἀνθρώπου κατασκευῆς is characterized by a peculiarity of medical terminology which is largely unknown from comparable texts: on the one hand, anatomical terms are put into relation with corresponding terms from poetic language, on the other hand they are precisely defined by descriptions of objects of everyday use. The considerable discrepancy between the Greek original and its Latin translation is of particular interest against the background of the renaissance of Περὶ τῆς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου κατασκευῆς in the 16th century AD. The multiple versions of the Latin translation show that medical terminology in Latin language was still in an ongoing process of development, for which reason many Greek anatomical terms were inserted untranslated into the Latin text due to a lack of an adequate Latin equivalents. For this reason Περὶ τῆς τοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου κατασκευῆς plays a central role in the development of anatomical terminology, but also in its becoming more and more specific and precise.
Die Entstehungszeit des Calvitii encomium von Synesios
Authors: Horáček Filip
Published: October 2019

If we take into account all chronologically relevant data, the book must have been written in 404, perhaps in 403 or in the winter of 405. A passage of Calv. enc. implies that Synesius was married when composing the essay as, in fact, he had been since 402 or 403. This terminus post quem is corroborated by the identification of Synesius’ Epistle 74 as accompanying letter for the Praise of Baldness which was sent after the author’s return to Cyrene in 401. Also, Calv. enc. shows a connection to Synesius’ Dion from 404. As for the terminus ante quem, it is set clearly by the war that broke out in 405, since Synesius would not have been able to write this hilarious literary piece under the conditions of war and most likely not even later in his lifetime.
Father and son like eagle and eaglet – concepts of animal species and human families in Byzantine court oration (11th/12th c.)
Authors: Schmidt Tristan
Published: October 2019

The idea that physical features and character traits are inherited from ancestors is central to the self-identification and representation of pre-modern elites. For the 12th-century Byzantine aristocracy, the idea of family and ancestry was of major importance. Members of the military elite frequently had themselves depicted as the latest scions of a lineage of brave warriors. The ruling Komnenoi and Angeloi tried to establish dynastic claims to the throne by presenting their families as being more fit to rule than any other. To support these claims, panegyrists turned to nature in search of legitimizing comparanda. The idea that animal species reproduce unchanged and pass on their specific traits from one generation to the next, provided a suitable model. Comparisons of emperors or aristocrats and their sons with lion and lion cub or eagle and eaglet were popular images in court poetry. Through a detailed examination of this imagery, the paper exemplifies how writers and orators made use of theories from ancient/medieval natural science and created legitimizing models for socio-political needs.
Method development for quantitative determination of seven statins including four active metabolites by means of high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry applicable for adherence testing and therapeutic drug monitoring
Authors: Wagmann Lea , Hemmer Selina , Caspar Achim T. , Meyer Markus R.
Published: October 2019

Background

Statins are used to treat and prevent cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) by reducing the total serum cholesterol concentration. Unfortunately, dose-related side effects and sub-optimal response, attributed to non-adherence amongst others, were described. Therefore, a fast and sensitive liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) method for adherence testing and therapeutic drug monitoring of all currently marketed statins and their active metabolites in human blood plasma should be developed, validated and tested for applicability.

Methods

Atorvastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, pitavastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin, as well as ortho- and para-hydroxy-atorvastatin, lovastatin hydroxy acid and simvastatin hydroxy acid were included and several internal standards (IS) tested. Validation was performed according to the guideline of the European Medicines Agency including selectivity, carry-over, accuracy, precision, matrix effects, dilution integrity and analyte stability. Finally, applicability was tested using 14 patient samples submitted for regular toxicological analysis.

Results

Due to an analytical interference of atorvastatin-d5, diazepam-d5 and pentobarbital-d5 were chosen as IS for positive and negative ionization mode, respectively. All statins and metabolites fulfilled the validation acceptance criteria except for fluvastatin, which could not be quantified reliably and reproducibly, most probably due to instability. Analyses of human plasma samples revealed concentrations of statins and metabolites below the reference plasma concentrations in the case of eight patients. However, nothing was known concerning patients’ adherence and time between intake and sampling.

Conclusions

An LC-HRMS/MS method for identification and quantification of atorvastatin, lovastatin, pitavastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin and four active metabolites was successfully developed and applicability demonstrated.
Legal Challenges of Cryptocurrencies: Isn’t It Time to Regulate the Intermediaries?
Authors: Sotiropoulou Anastasia , Ligot Stéphanie
Published: October 2019

In only one decade, cryptocurrencies have witnessed significant growth, with Bitcoin being the most dominant one. They are not efficient payment methods, although they bring some benefits linked to the underlying technology they use (Blockchain). In reality, they function more as investment assets than as payment instruments and pose various risks, which are very similar to those encountered on capital markets (price volatility, fraud, market manipulation). In order to deal with these risks, regulation should apply to intermediaries who provide services in relation to cryptocurrencies, such as crypto wallets, operation of crypto exchanges and brokerage. To this end, the European legislator should consider two options. It could, on the one hand, bring cryptocurrency service providers within the scope of the existing financial services regime and thus modify MIFID II in order to include cryptocurrencies in the list of financial instruments. The European legislator could also, on the other hand, aim at creating a new appropriate and proportionate regime that draws on the existing one. Insofar as the existing regulatory framework was not designed with cryptocurrencies in mind and as some of the current rules may not be tailored to the specificities of these assets, the second option is preferable.
Wide-Angle RCS Enhanced Tag Based on Dielectric Resonator – Lens Combination
Authors: Alhaj Abbas Ali , El-Absi Mohammed , Abuelhaija Ashraf , Solbach Klaus , Kaiser Thomas
Published: October 2019

In a novel mm-wave localization system, dielectric resonators (DR) have been proposed as passive chipless RFID tags to mark fixed reference nodes. To counter clutter and improve the limited read range due to the low RCS level of a DR at millimeter-wave frequencies we propose a combination of several DRs with a dielectric spherical lens which allows improvement of up to 30 dB. The paper presents the design principle and shows simulation results and experimental verification of a scaled tag operating in the 10–12 GHz range and covering a range of incidence angle of the reader signal of ± 50°. A frequency sweeping RF reader can identify the tag (information) by the peak of the RCS level at its DR resonant frequency. For a multiple-tag scenario we can realize up to 12 different tags which can be discriminated unambiguously by their resonant frequencies in a 1: 1.2 frequency bandwidth.
Credit allocation in heterogeneous banking systems
Authors: D’Amato Marcello , Di Pietro Christian , Sorge Marco M.
Published: October 2019

World banking systems are almost invariably populated by relatively diverse financial institutions. This paper studies the operation of credit markets where heterogeneous banks compete for investment projects of varying quality in the presence of informational asymmetries. We emphasize on two dimensions of heterogeneity – access to project-specific information vis-à-vis funding costs – which naturally reflect lenders’ comparative disadvantages in the competitive landscape. Two main findings stand out. First, competition across heterogeneous banks can produce multiple equilibria. Thus, economies with similar fundamentals may well display a variety of interest rates and/or market shares for the operating institutions. Second, market failures (overlending) always prove mitigated in heterogeneous banking systems, relative to a world with equally uninformed lenders. This discipline effect however comes with a chance for market fragility, whereby modest changes in the business environment or other fundamentals can trigger large shifts in the price of credit, leading to either highly selective markets or rather ones which overfund ventures of the lowest quality. Extensions of the basic model and some policy implications are also discussed.
Adolescent’s psychological health in Iran
Authors: Simbar Masoumeh , Zare Elham , Shahhosseini Zohreh
Published: October 2019

Aim

Adolescence is characterized by dynamic brain development in which the interaction with the social environment shapes the capabilities an individual takes forward into adult life. Improvement of adolescent psychological health depends on the recognition of their needs during this critical transition period. This study aimed to explain the concept of psychological health needs from the perspectives of male adolescents to improve the health of both adolescents and society.

Method

In this qualitative study with a content analysis approach, 52 male adolescents aged 13–18 years participated in 10 semi-structured individual interviews and seven focus group discussions. They expressed their experiences and opinions regarding psychological health needs. Purposive sampling was performed to recruit the adolescents in different areas of Tehran in 2017. Collected data was analyzed using the conventional content analysis method.

Results

The findings were divided into two main themes and five sub-themes including ‘self-esteem (self-cognition and Suitable relationship between teen and family)’, ‘Well-being and calmness (Intellectual affinity, Rich leisure time, Religious beliefs)’.

Conclusion

To promote emotional health in adolescents, it is necessary to plan for the empowerment of community, family, schools by health authorities and devise appropriate health policies.
Methylene Blue Adsorption onto Neem Leave/Chitosan Aggregates: Isotherm, Kinetics and Thermodynamics Studies
Authors: Asokogene Francis Oluwadayo , Zaini Muhammad Abbas Ahmad , Idris Muhammad Misau , Abdulsalam Surajudeen , Usman El-Nafaty Aliyu
Published: October 2019

The work was aimed at evaluating the adsorptive properties of neem leave/chitosan aggregates for methylene blue removal. The adsorbent was screened to form coarse (CCANL, 600 µm), medium (MCANL, 300 µm) and fine (FCANL, 150 µm) neem leave/chitosan particles. The samples were characterized for pH, water binding capacity (WBC), surface chemistry by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, surface morphology by scanning electron microscope and textural properties by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. CCANL, MCANL and FCANL possessed specific surface area of 255, 258 and 242 m2/g, respectively. The effects of initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH and temperature were studied. CCANL, MCANL and FCANL demonstrated adsorption capacity of 102, 92.5 and 105 mg/g, respectively, in which ionic interaction and mesopore filling were the possible adsorption mechanisms. The equilibrium data were well fitted by Redlich-Peterson model, suggesting a monolayer adsorption onto a heterogeneous surface of adsorbent. The kinetics data were best described by pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models, for which the film diffusion, intraparticle diffusion and surface adsorption could co-exist as the controlling steps in adsorption. Adsorption of methylene blue onto chitosan composites was spontaneous, endothermic and demonstrated increased randomness at solid-solution interface.
Perspectives on deterministic control of quantum point defects by scanned probes
Authors: Lee Donghun , Gupta Jay A.
Published: October 2019

Control over individual point defects in solid-state systems is becoming increasingly important, not only for current semiconductor industries but also for next generation quantum information science and technologies. To realize the potential of these defects for scalable and high-performance quantum applications, precise placement of defects and defect clusters at the nanoscale is required, along with improved control over the nanoscale local environment to minimize decoherence. These requirements are met using scanned probe microscopy in silicon and III-V semiconductors, which suggests the extension to hosts for quantum point defects such as diamond, silicon carbide, and hexagonal boron nitride is feasible. Here we provide a perspective on the principal challenges toward this end, and new opportunities afforded by the integration of scanned probes with optical and magnetic resonance techniques.
Diferentes comportamientos de estilo de vida de Universitarios del curso de Educación Física
Authors: Caroline Belem Isabella , Dias Camargo Danielli Aparecida , Both Jorge
Published: October 2019

El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar los perfiles académicos del curso de bachillerato en educación física según el estilo de vida (EV). Un total de 157 estudiantes universitarios de una universidad pública brasileña participaron en este estudio. Los instrumentos de investigación fueron: la Escala del estilo de vida “FANTASTICO” y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. Para el estudio de datos, se utilizó el análisis de Cluster y las pruebas de Kruskal-Wallis y Chi-Square. En todos los análisis, se adoptó un nivel de significación de 95%. Los resultados mostraron cuatro grupos distintos con respecto al estilo de vida, como siguen: el grupo 1 presentó EV positivo en las dimensiones de actividad física (p <0.001) y estrés (p <0.001), el grupo 2 presentó EV positivo en las dimensiones de familia, estrés, drogas ilícitas, comportamiento, introspección y trabajo, en el grupo 3, los estudiantes presentaron comportamientos negativos de EV en las dimensiones de estrés, introspección, drogas ilícitas, comportamiento, introspección y trabajo; finalmente, los estudiantes en el grupo 4 presentaron comportamientos negativos de VE en las dimensiones de actividad física y estrés. Se señala que el grupo de edad presentó una asociación significativa con los grupos de estudiantes, y los grupos 2 y 3 estaban compuestos por estudiantes universitarios mayores. Los diferentes perfiles de los estudiantes de Educación Física pueden estar vinculados al fenómeno reflejado en la mayoría de las dimensiones compuestas en la evaluación del instrumento, y la edad es un factor predominante para diferenciar los grupos que presentaron comportamientos positivos y negativos con respecto al EV.
Evaluación de la satisfacción laboral de profesores de Educación Física
Authors: Krapp do Nascimento Raquel , Oliveira Farias Gelcemar , Vaz de Campos Pereira Marcos Paulo , Both Jorge , Folle Alexandra
Published: October 2019

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la satisfacción laboral, considerando las características personales (género, edad y estado civil) de 73 profesores de Educación Física vinculados a la Secretaría Municipal de Educación de la Ciudad de São José (SC). En la recolección de datos, se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y la escala de evaluación de la calidad de vida laboral percibida por profesores de educación física. Los datos se analizaron por medio de la prueba de U Mann-Whitney. Los resultados revelaron una diferencia significativa de la evaluación general de la satisfacción laboral solo con el grupo de edad (31 años o más> hasta 30 años) de los profesores. Las condiciones de trabajo se diferenciaron en género (mujeres> hombres) y en grupo de edad (31 años o más> hasta 30 años), mientras que la progresión en la carrera, la autonomía en el trabajo y la relevancia social se diferenciaron en la edad (31 años o más de 30 años) de los docentes. Se concluyó que, en comparación con los hombres, las mujeres estaban más satisfechas con las condiciones de trabajo, mientras que los docentes más jóvenes estaban más insatisfechos tanto en la evaluación global como en la mayoría de las dimensiones con respecto a los profesores mayores.