bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacte da covid-19 na atividade física e qualidade de vida de doentes em reabilitação cardíaca
Authors: Delgado Bruno , Mendes Ivo , Pereira Sandra , Carneiro Luísa
Published: December 2021

Enquadramento: a COVID-19 condicionou o normal funcionamento dos serviços de saúde, obrigando a uma restruturação na capacidade assistencial dos mesmos, especificamente das unidades de reabilitação cardíaca. Objetivos: avaliar o impacte da pandemia na qualidade de vida e nível de atividade física de doentes em programa de reabilitação cardíaca. Metodologia: estudo descritivo transversal. Foram contactados telefonicamente todos os doentes que tiveram de interromper o programa de reabilitação cardíaca hospitalar num hospital da zona norte do pais, avaliando o seu nível de qualidade de vida, com recurso ao questionário EURO-QoL 5D. O rastreio da prática de atividade física foi igualmente efetuado através de um questionário elaborado pelos autores para o efeito. Resultados: foram contactados 37 doentes, maioritariamente do género masculino (81%,1). A qualidade de vida percecionada é significativamente reduzida, sendo o cuidado pessoal o mais afetado. O índice médio de qualidade de vida obtido é de 0,850. Os doentes realizam um nível insuficiente de atividade física, com base nas recomendações europeias. Conclusão: os doentes que interromperam o programa de reabilitação cardíaca, apresentam um nível reduzido de qualidade de vida associado a uma gestão ineficaz do seu regime terapêutico, como consequência da pandemia.
Ansiedade associada ao desempenho do papel de cuidador familiar de pessoa dependente
Authors: Silva Marta , Duarte João Carvalho , Melo Ricardo , Rua Inês , Freitas Magda , Morais Patricia , Rua Marília
Published: December 2021

Enquadramento: a maioria dos cuidados prestados a pessoas dependentes em contexto de domicílio é assegurada por um cuidador, familiar da pessoa cuidada, que presta cuidados de forma não remunerada. Atualmente emergem preocupações crescentes com a sua saúde mental e a ansiedade e sobrecarga surgem, muitas vezes, associadas ao desempenho deste papel. Objetivo: analisar a relação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas, sobrecarga e ansiedade do cuidador. Metodologia: quantitativa, transversal, com amostra por redes, de 85 cuidadores. Utilizada a Escala de Sobrecarga do Cuidador e a Escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Stress e os testes t de Student, Kruskal-Wallis e U Mann-Whitney. Resultados: os cuidadores possuíam uma idade média de 51.97 anos, eram maioritariamente do sexo feminino, casados e apresentavam escolaridade até ao terceiro ciclo. Constatou-se que 38.8% dos cuidadores apresentavam ansiedade. Os que revelavam maior ansiedade tinham entre 50 e 60 anos (p=0.023) e como escolaridade o ensino superior (p=0.009). Não existem diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre outras variáveis. Conclusão: a idade e a escolaridade parecem ter influência na ansiedade do cuidador. Uma vez que a ansiedade do cuidador pode ter repercussões na pessoa cuidada é de extrema importância intervir no sentido da prevenção e promoção da sua saúde mental.
A gestão do conhecimento em contexto hospitalar: uma scoping review
Authors: Mesquita Andreia , Santos Diana , Raposo Vítor
Published: December 2021

Enquadramento: a implementação da gestão do conhecimento nas organizações hospitalares é considerada um elemento essencial de uma boa governação, que permite dar resposta aos desafios que surgem diariamente com maior facilidade, efetividade e eficiência. Contudo, existem inúmeros fatores influenciadores da implementação deste conceito de interesse nas organizações hospitalares, sendo pertinente identificá-los. Objetivo: mapear os fatores que influenciam a implementação da gestão do conhecimento no contexto hospitalar pelos clínicos e pelos gestores em saúde. Metodologia: scoping review realizada segundo: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. Foi realizada uma pesquisa em bases de dados científicas sem restrição ao espaço temporal e nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. O processo de seleção de estudos, extração de dados e síntese da informação foi concretizado apenas por um autor. Resultados: através dos quatro estudos incluídos nesta revisão, foi possível identificar 16 fatores influenciadores da implementação da gestão do conhecimento em contexto hospitalar pelos clínicos e gestores em saúde. Conclusão: o mapeamento dos fatores influenciadores permite o desenvolvimento de estratégias organizacionais para potenciar ou colmatar os mesmos, tendo em vista ganhos em saúde e uma boa governação hospitalar. Também serão necessários mais estudos primários, essencialmente em contexto português
Anatomija poslovnog uspjeha i razvoja poduzeća s osvrtom na ključne upravljačke odluke
Authors: Kašćel Anđelko
Published: December 2021

Temeljne zadaće menadžmenta u tržišnom gospodarstvu su osigurati optimalno poslovanje i ostvarivanje dobiti te postići vremensku neograničenost poslovanja izraženu kroz budući rast i razvoj poduzeća. Za to je nužno organizirati poslovni sustav kojim će se pravovremeno identificirati rizici koji mogu utjecati na poslovanje poduzeća i donošenje poslovnih odluka. Iznimno je važno pažnju posvetiti analizi poslovanja i razvoju sustava upravljanja rizicima primjerenim tržišnim i društvenim promjenama. Ovaj je rad posvećen anatomiji poslovnog uspjeha i razvoja odabranog poduzeća od njegova osnutka 2014. godine do sadašnjeg vremena, zaključno s 2020. godinom. Navedeno sedmogodišnje razdoblje, pored stalnih tržišnih izazova, posebno je obilježilo vrijeme globalne gospodarske recesije i najnovija pojava globalne pandemije uzrokovane virusom COVID-19, a koja je značajno utjecala na promjene ukupnog društvenog i gospodarskog života u svijetu i u našoj zemlji. Općenito promatrano, te su pojave imale negativan utjecaj na ekonomiju izraženu povećanjem nezaposlenosti, smanjenjem prihoda, potražnje i proizvodnje, rastom cijena i tržišnom neizvjesnosti, posebno u segmentu malih poduzeća. Također, uobičajena je poduzetnička pretpostavka da su u poslovnom i razvojnom ciklusu poduzeća ključne prva, treća i sedma godina poslovanja, svaka sa svojim specifičnostima koje nose tržišni, ekonomsko politički, ali i upravljački rizici. U takvom gospodarskom okruženju poslovalo je odabrano poduzeće, a njegov menadžment donosio poslovne odluke kojima je upravljao poslovnim rizicima i razvojnim planovima. Zato je ovaj rad posvećen istraživanju poslovanja i razvoja odabranog malog poduzeća iz segmenta uslužne metaloprerađivačke djelatnosti i upravljačkim odlukama kojima su osigurani njegovo poslovanje, razvoj i rast. Analizirano je njegovo poslovanje kroz sedmogodišnje razdoblje korištenjem financijskih i nefinancijskih podataka i informacija u navedenom vremenskom periodu. Istraživanju se pristupilo s aspekta analiziranja vanjskih i unutarnjih čimbenika poslovanja te ključnih upravljačkih odluka menadžmenta. Problem istraživanja bio je prepoznati rizike koji su utjecali na mogućnost njegova poslovanja i razvoja. Cilj istraživanja jest identificirati ključne upravljačke odluke i modele upravljanja navedenim rizicima u danim tržišnim uvjetima. Pažnja je također posvećena i poslovnoj filozofiji menadžmenta, koja uz opće upravljačke principe sadrži i specifičnu upravljačku filozofiju i principe.
Analiza digitalne prisutnosti nacionalnih franšiznih udruga
Authors: Kukec Ljiljana , Erceg Aleksandar , Orašinović Lorena
Published: December 2021

Osnove franšiznog odnosa su prijenos know-howa, poslovnih tajni, specifičnih procedura i mentorstva od strane davatelja franšize u zamjenu za financijsku kompenzaciju. Franšiza kao marketinški model za brzo geografsko širenje i umrežavanje nudi podjelu rizika, bolje i brže pozicioniranje i bolju konkurentnost. U tom složenom procesu značajnu ulogu imaju nacionalne franšizne udruge koje kroz svoje aktivnosti okupljaju glavne dionike franšiznog poslovnog modela, educiraju tržište i poduzetnike o franšizi, promoviraju i potiču razvoj franšiznog sektora. Cilj ovog istraživanja je dublji uvid u digitalne aktivnosti nacionalnih franšiznih udruga u svrhu ostvarenja njihovih ciljeva. Okosnica istraživanja su web stranice, ali i ostali kanali komunikacije povezani uz web stranice nacionalnih udruga. U okviru istraživanja za ove je potrebe korišten adaptirani model baziran na tri modela (Martinez & Gauchi, 2010; Rao & Frazer, 2005; Stefanović & Stanković, 2014). Redizajnirani model evaluacije web stranica nacionalnih udruga fokusiran je na obim informacija koje se pružaju, njihovu korisnost, jednostavnost upotrebe stranice i promotivne aktivnosti na stranici. Značaj ovog istraživanja je dvojak. U prvom redu značaj je u adaptiranom modelu za istraživanje digitalne prisutnosti nacionalnih franšiznih udruga, dok je drugi značaj komparativna analiza njihova odnosa s nekim tržišnim indikatorima. Rezultati istraživanja daju doprinos teorijskom istraživanju franšiznog sektora u Europi i mogu biti okvir i osnova za daljnja istraživanja na nacionalnim razinama. Oni također daju dublje poimanje digitalne prisutnosti nacionalnih udruga u franšiznom poslovanju, što je dovelo do određenih zaključaka koji mogu poslužiti za bolje korištenje digitalnih alata za razvoj nacionalnih udruga i doprinos franšiznom poslovanju u svijetu. Konačni cilj istraživanja je doprinos iskorištavanju svih mogućnosti za promoviranje franšiznog poslovnog modela kao poluge za razvoj održivog poduzetništva i zapošljavanja.
ANALYSIS OF GENERAL AVIATION FIXED-WING AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS INVOLVING INFLIGHT LOSS OF CONTROL USING A STATE-BASED APPROACH
Authors: Majumdar Neelakshi , Marais Karen , Rao Arjun
Published: December 2021

Inflight loss of control (LOC-I) is a significant cause of General Aviation (GA) fixed-wing aircraft accidents. The United States National Transportation Safety Board’s database provides a rich source of accident data, but conventional analyses of the database yield limited insights to LOC-I. We investigate the causes of 5,726 LOC-I fixed‑wing GA aircraft accidents in the United States in 1999–2008 and 2009–2017 using a state-based modeling approach. The multi-year analysis helps discern changes in causation trends over the last two decades. Our analysis highlights LOC-I causes such as pilot actions and mechanical issues that were not discernible in previous research efforts. The logic rules in the state-based approach help infer missing information from the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) accident reports. We inferred that 4.84% (1999–2008) and 7.46% (2009–2017) of LOC-I accidents involved a preflight hazardous aircraft condition. We also inferred that 20.11% (1999–2008) and 19.59% (2009–2017) of LOC-I accidents happened because the aircraft hit an object or terrain. By removing redundant coding and identifying when codes are missing, the state-based approach potentially provides a more consistent way of coding accidents compared to the current coding system.
Ophiocordyceps aphrophoridarum sp. nov., a new entomopathogenic species from Guizhou, China
Authors: Yang Yu , Xiao Yuanpin , Yu Gangjiang , Wen TingChi , Deng ChunYing , Meng Juan , Lu Zhenghua
Published: December 2021

Ophiocordyceps is the largest genus in the family Ophiocordicipitaceae, including many entomopathogenic species. In recent years, many species have been described in this genus, with a wide range of host insects. Entomopathogenic fungi include ecologically, economically and medicinally important species, but a large portion of their diversity remains to be discovered and described.

In this study, a new species, Ophiocordyceps aphrophoridarum sp. nov, parasitising Aphrophoridae sp. (Hemiptera) is proposed from China, based on evidence from morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses. This species is characterised by fibrous, pigmented stromata, cylindrical asci and filiform ascospores. Compared to its closest relative, O. tricentri, the new species has wider perithecia and longer asci. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of a multilocus dataset (consisting of SSU, ITS, LSU, TEF1, RPB1 and RPB2) confirm its placement in Ophiocordyceps. Ophiocordyceps aphrophoridarum is morphologically described and illustrated with colour photographs. Morphological comparisons with closely-related species are also presented in tabulated format.
The definitive rediscovery of Telmatobius halli (Anura, Telmatobiidae) at its historic type locality and its synonymy with T. dankoi and T. vilamensis
Authors: von Tschirnhaus Jakob , Correa Claudio
Published: December 2021

Telmatobius halli was the first representative of its genus to be described exclusively for Chile, yet for 85 years no new individuals could be located due to the vagueness with which its type locality was described. The type series was collected by one of the members of the International High Altitude Expedition to Chile (IHAEC) of 1935. Recently, three studies successively claimed to have located the type locality in different places. The third study proved, according to the chronicles of the IHAEC, that the actual locality is Miño, at the origin of the Loa River, where currently there are no published records of Telmatobius. In this study, additional documentary antecedents and graphic material are provided that corroborate that Miño is indeed the type locality of T. halli. Additionally, the recently rediscovered Telmatobius population from Miño and the environment it inhabits are described. The external characteristics of the frogs are consistent with the description of T. halli. Furthermore, molecular phylogenetic analyses were performed that showed that T. halli, T. dankoi, and T. vilamensis, all known only from their type localities in Chile, comprise a clade without internal resolution. A detailed comparison of the diagnoses of the three species revealed that the few phenotypic differences between these taxa were based on characteristics that vary widely within and between populations of the genus, hence their conspecificity is proposed. The implications of this synonymy for the taxonomy, biogeography, and conservation of the Telmatobius from the extreme south of its distribution in Chile are discussed.
A new species of Ampithoe (Amphipoda, Ampithoidae) from Korea, with a redescription of A. tarasovi
Authors: Shin Myung-Hwa , Coleman Charles Oliver
Published: December 2021

An ampithoid species, previously known as A. tarasovi in Korea, is assigned as a new species, A. changbaensissp. nov. based on the reexamination of the holotype of A. tarasovi. The new species shows different morphological characteristics compared to A. tarasovi, especially in male gnathopods 1 and 2. The type material of A. tarasovi is redescribed and illustrated here and a key to the Korean species of Ampithoe is provided.
Identifier et s’identifier : la surveillance entre transitivité et réflexivité
Authors: Horrein Raphaël
Published: December 2021

Nous souhaitons interroger la capacité de modèles sémiotiques – issus d’analyses d’œuvres littéraires – à éclairer le fonctionnement de dispositifs sociopolitiques effectifs. Nous explorons dans cette optique le fonctionnement de l’ identification (au sens de définir l’identité de quelqu’un) et nous montrons qu’il repose sur des processus de surveillance et de captation de données, dans le but de construire un double du surveillé, un miroir toujours déformant, constitué à partir de lui et de ses traces, mais susceptible d’être érigé en étalon de bonne conduite. Nous verrons alors que l’identification repose sur un principe similaire à celui de la surveillance, où une relation transitive (identifier quelqu’un, surveiller quelqu’un) s’installe au cœur de la réflexivité des sujets (s’identifier à son double, se surveiller). La littérature apparaît alors comme un laboratoire d’analyse de la surveillance, notamment pour appréhender ses effets sur la construction sémiotique des sujets.
La suggestion et le langage, des principes actifs solubles dans l’évaluation des psychothérapies ? Critique de l’approche évaluative extrinsèque
Authors: Gadeau Ludovic
Published: December 2021

Les recommandations faites par l’autorité publique en matière de bonnes pratiques professionnelles dans le champ du soin psychique sont largement orientées par les recherches en matière d’évaluation des psychothérapies que les écoles de pensée diffusent à travers les publications scientifiques. Mais ces recherches ne font-elles pas l’économie d’une réflexion épistémologique sur les constituants qui fondent la possibilité de l’évaluation des « principes actifs » (et facteurs communs) de toute psychothérapie ? Le présent article propose de questionner quelques prérequis nécessaires à toute évaluation. Tout d’abord, peut-on approcher une réalité psychologique en soi qui, ainsi, autoriserait des comparaisons possibles entre psychothérapies ? Ensuite, quelle est la place de la suggestion dans les dispositifs psychothérapeutiques et dans la compréhension de leur efficience ? Enfin, une évaluation extrinsèque a-t-elle vraiment du sens ?
Le Vieillissement cérébral
Authors: Dean Reginald L. , Dean Luan K. , Bartus Raymond T. , Abel C.
Published: December 2021

Résumé Il est indispensable, pour mieux comprendre les mécanismes du vieillissement cérébral, de disposer de modèles animaux. Le singe âgé représente un des modèles qui se rapproche le plus du vieillissement humain. En effet, on observe chez le singe âgé certaines lésions cérébrales et certains déficits comportementaux similaires à ceux présents chez l’homme. Il est dès lors possible d’étudier l’effet de médicaments avant leur utilisation clinique.
Le Vieillissement cérébral
Authors: Signoret Jean-Louis
Published: December 2021

Résumé L’interprétation des effets du vieillissement cérébral sur le fonctionnement mental est une tâche redoutable. Certaines formes d’intelligence sont plus sensibles que d’autres au vieillissement. De même, la mémoire représente une fonction particulièrement sensible. Tout en se gardant du réductionnisme biologique, il faut s’efforcer de baser cette interprétation à la fois sur l’analyse des comportements et sur des références à des modèles du fonctionnement mental.
Le Vieillissement cérébral
Authors: Knoefel Janice E. , Albert Martin L. , Abel C.
Published: December 2021

Résumé Le vieillissement s’accompagne certes d’altérations des fonctions cognitives mais aussi des fonctions sensorielles. Par exemple des déficits de la vision, de l’audition existent parallèlement à des déficits de la mémoire, du langage, des fonctions visuo-spatiales et perceptivo-motrices. Ces déficits peuvent participer à des degrés variables au déficit des fonctions intellectuelles lorsque celui-ci est présent.
Le Vieillissement cérébral
Authors: Forette Françoise , Orgogozo Jean-Marc , Bouchacourt Patrice , Hervy Marie-Pierre
Published: December 2021

Résumé Pour le gériatre, le vieillissement cérébral recouvre de nombreuses questions : le déclin cognitif est-il réel ou non ? Quelles sont les frontières entre vieillissement normal et pathologique ? Quels sont les rapports entre « oubli bénin » et démence ? Un des défis majeurs que le vieillissement du cerveau nous propose, c’est celui du traitement. De nombreux médicaments ont été utilisés, avec pour la plupart des résultats modestes.
Langue des signes et droit à l’information des personnes handicapées. Les enseignements de la communication de crise en Belgique au cœur de la pandémie du SRAS-CoV-2
Authors: Gomes Basil , Heylens Alice
Published: December 2021

La communication fédérale de crise accessible en langue des signes dans le cadre de la lutte contre la pandémie de SRAS-CoV-2 est présentée comme un succès informationnel et un exemple de bonnes pratiques pour l’inclusion des personnes sourdes. Pourtant, une partie seulement de celles-ci – les personnes sourdes signantes des Communautés flamande et française de Belgique – ont pu bénéficier complètement de cette politique communicationnelle et voir garantie leur liberté de recevoir une information. Notre étude analyse de manière critique et interdisciplinaire (à la croisée des sciences juridiques, de l’interprétation et de la traduction, enrichies d’une enquête qualitative) la politique en question en soulignant ses points forts et ses angles morts.
Du service public à l’autonomie de la volonté (et inversement) dans l’offre de biens et de services : entre « interdépendance sociale » et « buts monumentaux » ?
Authors: Yernault Dimitri
Published: December 2021

Il demeure assurément d’importantes différences substantielles et institutionnelles entre le service public, spécialement quand il est assuré par une personne publique, et la fourniture d’un bien ou d’un service sous les auspices du droit privé. Le cadre comportant sept degrés proposé ici le rappelle. Mais simultanément il démontre également que le droit public, parfois en liaison avec le droit de la responsabilité civile, conduit de plus en plus à la définition d’objectifs sociétaux globaux qui sont communs à bien des catégories d’offreurs (publics, mixtes ou même privés) de biens et de services. Ceci découle de la combinaison contemporaine des fonctions macroéconomiques de l’État de la réglementation à la redistribution des revenus, une interdiction générale de la discrimination pour tout fournisseur occupant une position dominante, du soin apporté à la protection des parties faibles (en ce comprises des petites entreprises) ou encore, en ces temps de lutte contre une pandémie ou le changement climatique, de l’expansion accélérée d’obligations positives requises par le droit des droits humains.
One component regularity criteria for the axially symmetric MHD-Boussinesq system
Authors: Li Zijin , Pan Xinghong
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we consider regularity criteria of a class of 3D axially symmetric MHD-Boussinesq systems without magnetic resistivity or thermal diffusivity. Under some Prodi-Serrin type critical assumptions on the horizontal angular component of the velocity, we will prove that strong solutions of the axially symmetric MHD-Boussinesq system can be smoothly extended beyond the possible blow-up time \begin{document}$ T_\ast $\end{document} if the magnetic field contains only the horizontal swirl component. No a priori assumption on the magnetic field or the temperature fluctuation is imposed.
"Large" strange attractors in the unfolding of a heteroclinic attractor
Authors: Rodrigues Alexandre
Published: December 2021

We present a mechanism for the emergence of strange attractors in a one-parameter family of differential equations defined on a 3-dimensional sphere. When the parameter is zero, its flow exhibits an attracting heteroclinic network (Bykov network) made by two 1-dimensional connections and one 2-dimensional separatrix between two saddles-foci with different Morse indices. After slightly increasing the parameter, while keeping the 1-dimensional connections unaltered, we concentrate our study in the case where the 2-dimensional invariant manifolds of the equilibria do not intersect. We will show that, for a set of parameters close enough to zero with positive Lebesgue measure, the dynamics exhibits strange attractors winding around the "ghost'' of a torus and supporting Sinai-Ruelle-Bowen (SRB) measures. We also prove the existence of a sequence of parameter values for which the family exhibits a superstable sink and describe the transition from a Bykov network to a strange attractor.
Management of radioactive waste from application of radioactive materials and small reactors in non-nuclear industries in Canada and the implications for their new application in the future
Authors: Xu George Sikun ,   Environment & Waste Technologies Branch, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, 286 Plant Road, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada, Chan Nicholas ,   Waste Management Function Branch, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, 286 Plant Road, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada
Published: December 2021

A large number of artificial-origin radionuclides from irradiation in small reactors and/or nuclear reactions in accelerators are currently used in non-nuclear industries such as education, oil and gas, consumer merchandise, research, and medicine. Radioactive wastes from the use of these radionuclides in non-nuclear industries include expired sealed radioactive sources, biological materials, radionuclide-containing chemicals, contaminated equipment, and very small quantities of used nuclear fuel. Although being less challenging and complex than nuclear energy production and research waste streams, these wastes are subject to the common nuclear regulations by the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission, and are managed following domestic and international standards and guidelines made by the Canadian Standards Association, International Atomic Energy Agency, and International Organization for Standardization. Management practices used in the nuclear industry in Canada are commonly applied to the non-nuclear industry radioactive waste streams, such as waste handling, treatment, packaging, storage, transportation, clearance and exemptions, and disposal. The half-lives of radionuclides in non‑nuclear applications range from hours to thousands of years, and their activities in non-nuclear industrial applications can be as low as their clearance level or as high as the upper limits for intermediate level radioactive waste. Waste containing only short half-life radionuclides is placed in temporary storage to allow decay, and then is cleared and disposed of through non-radioactive waste routes. Non‑clearable waste materials are treated, consolidated, and managed along with radioactive waste generated from the nuclear industries at designated radioactive waste management sites.
Markov random fields model and applications to image processing
Authors: Smii Boubaker ,   King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Department of Mathematics, KFUPM Box 82, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
Published: December 2021

Markov random fields (MRFs) are well studied during the past 50 years. Their success are mainly due to their flexibility and to the fact that they gives raise to stochastic image models. In this work, we will consider a stochastic differential equation (SDE) driven by Lévy noise. We will show that the solution $ X_v $ of the SDE is a MRF satisfying the Markov property. We will prove that the Gibbs distribution of the process $ X_v $ can be represented graphically through Feynman graphs, which are defined as a set of cliques, then we will provide applications of MRFs in image processing where the image intensity at a particular location depends only on a neighborhood of pixels.
A narrative review on the effects of a ketogenic diet on patients with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Tabaie Ethan Ali ,   Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, University of California, Davis, Davis, USA, Reddy Akshay Jakkidi , Brahmbhatt Hetal ,   Department of Ophthalmology, California Northstate University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, USA,   Psychiatry, Mercy General Hospital, Sacramento, USA
Published: December 2021

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been very difficult to prevent and cure using the medicine available today. However, there has been some hope with using a ketogenic diet (KD) to reduce the cognitive and quality of life decline experienced by patients with AD. In this review, the authors discuss the research done on the effect of a KD on AD to provide some potential avenues for future research and to determine a KD that can be best adopted by patients. The authors also go over the effects of KD's and low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) on the cognitive function of healthy patients and on patients without AD to determine the similar and dissimilar effects of the diets. The authors found that the KD was able to improve the cognitive abilities and quality of life of patients ranging from mild to severe AD. Several types of memory were improved as a result of the diets. Further research needs to be conducted to determine the cause behind these improvements. However, the several studies that were done were mostly in agreement that once ketosis was reached, cognitive improvements were observed in patients ranging from mild to severe AD or mild to moderate cognitive impairment. Through the use of a KD, potential mechanisms can be found to reduce the cognitive decline of patients with AD, and potentially even prevent the damaging effects of cognitive decline from AD altogether.
Dediščina v akciji
Authors: Fakin Bajec Jasna , Pogačar Martin , Štraus Matevž , Lemut Bajec Melita
Published: December 2021

Stories, memories, relationships, traditional skills, dialects, and other tangible and intangible elements of cultural heritage provide opportunities and ways that can lead to compassionate, quality, authentic, and sustainable living in the present and in the future. The preservation and interpretation of unique cultural and natural artefacts from the past is not only in the hands of professionals from heritage institutions and research centres, but also in the hands of civil society of which children and youth are its integral part. Local people have become important participants in co-creating heritage, yet young people are still often not understood as equal bearers of culture or co-creators of heritage. How should we act to make youth’s bold ideas heard and realised in heritage projects and activities? The handbook ('Heritage in action: Ways and opportunities of integrating heritage practices into educational programs') presents approaches, methods, techniques, and examples of good practice that can address children and young people to actively participate in the exploration and interpretation of the past and (re)creation of cultural heritage in their local community. It is intended for the educators in kindergartens, schools, universities, youth centers, and local associations who want to encourage the younger generations to a deeper understanding of their ancestors’ lives.

Exploring local heritage can provide children and young people with an important opportunity for self-reflection on their way of growing up and questioning their identity: Who am I? Who do I belong to? What is next for me?
Censura ao cinema no marcelismo e tardo-franquismo: uma perspectiva comparada
Authors: Morais Ana Bela
Published: December 2021

O objectivo deste artigo é comparar os sistemas de censura ao cinema, em Portugal e Espanha, no final de ambas as ditaduras (1968-1974). Quais as diferenças e semelhanças entre os regimes políticos e culturais no que respeita aos mecanismos de censura ao cinema? Quais os critérios que regiam as respectivas comissões de censura nos anos referidos? Verificou-se uma maior abertura ou, pelo contrário, um controlo mais apertado sobre o que era censurado ou não? Estas são perguntas às quais este artigo propõe encontrar possíveis respostas, baseando-se na análise e divulgação dos processos de censura aos filmes que se encontram nos Arquivos Nacionais de ambos os países. As respostas às perguntas elencadas permitem perceber que existem mais semelhanças do que diferenças no que respeita à censura ao cinema, notando-se em ambos os países ibéricos uma aleatoriedade nos critérios e um reforço da censura nestes últimos anos. Este artigo faz parte do dossier temático Censura ao cinema nas ditaduras ibéricas, organizado por Ana Bela Morais.
Las dictaduras peninsulares: la lógica aliancista en un marco de identidad ideológica y liderazgos diferenciados
Authors: Redondo Juan Carlos Jiménez
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo pretende ser una revisión crítica de la literatura comparada entre las dictaduras de Salazar y Franco, partiendo de dos hipótesis principales. La primera es que, aunque unidas por una fundamental cosmovisión ideológica, no fue esta empatía ideológica la razón esencial de la lógica aliancista que desarrollaron, sino la percepción de unos intereses comunes frente a los desafíos que planteaba el sistema internacional en su evolución hacia una nueva concepción de la modernidad. La segunda es que los sistemas autoritarios peninsulares no se mantuvieron solo por las maquinarias represivas que pusieron en marcha, aunque éstas fueron muy importantes, sino por un proceso complejo de construcción de los liderazgos autoritarios y por la aceptación que tuvieron entre los ámbitos conservadores, incluso tradicionalistas, y esencialmente entre todo el universo católico de esas sociedades.
Strategic Human Resource Management
Authors: Hamid Zainab , Muzamil Muhammad , Shah Shawkat Ahmad
Published: December 2021

Human resource management has become an integral part of management with the basic aim of maintaining better human relations at work place through the application and evaluation of organizational policies and programs so as to utilize human resources in an optimized and effective manner. In this context, this chapter focuses keenly on the various domains centering around human resource management. Initially a detailed theoretical background regarding this construct has been presented followed by highlighting the components and objectives of strategizing human resource management. Lastly, the models and perspectives pertaining to strategic human resource management have also been discussed considering their application and relevance in modern-day organizations.
How Can Human Resource Management Help the Theory of Constraints
Authors: Galli Brian J.
Published: December 2021

Now, more companies consider human resource management (HRM) as part of strategic business management. A critical analysis of The Goal: A Process of Ongoing Improvement by Goldratt as it relates to HRM allows for discussion and evaluation of HRM implications. However, does HRM implementation support achieving a companies' strategic objectives? If so, how is it related to The Goal? This report seeks answering these questions by evaluating HRM in the book's context. This article discusses the role of HRM in companies, HRM principals that impact operations, roles of stakeholders and their value in the Theory of Constraints (TOC), HRM and its impact on the TOC, roles of HRM management and leadership, and the relationship between technology and human resources. Discussing these topics, this article provides an overview of HRM's impact on organizations. The main findings indicate that HRM implementation is a strategic management resource to be implemented by any businesses.
The Role of Human Resource Accounting in the Business Environment
Authors: Özcan Ahmet
Published: December 2021

In this chapter, human resources accounting is comprehensively analyzed. Human capital has been often neglected or inaccurately reported in the financial statements due to its nature. In the new economy, financial market participants such as investors, creditors, and shareholders would like to get information about the firm's investment in human capital. Over the last decades, some accounting methods have been developed for human capital. In this chapter, the methods used in the accounting treatment of human capital are analyzed, and a total of 288 operating reports of banks listed on Borsa Istanbul for the period between 2010 and 2017 are examined through content analysis. The results of content analysis indicate that there is a growing trend in human capital disclosure by banks listed on Borsa Istanbul between the period of 2010 and 2017, implying that banks listed on Borsa Istanbul have become more aware of the importance of human capital.
Impact of Design Thinking on Human Resources
Authors: Boaventura Helena , Dieguez Teresa , Conceição Oscarina
Published: December 2021

Design thinking in the human resources area is still a recent issue little known and exploited even at an international level. It has only recently begun to be worked on and shared by organizations, and it is pointed out as being one of the most important competences of the 21st century. It refers to a style of thinking that combines the senses with the context of a problem, creativity in the creation of new points of view, and solutions and rationality in the analysis and search for solutions to the context. The present research used the Employee Experience DT Model, applied on a multinational company and developed within three long sessions of brainstorming and brainwriting. The main conclusions outlined that DT stimulates the process of continuous improvement, reinforces teamwork, as well as creativity and effort in solving problems. Furthermore, it sensitizes the administration for the current existing problems, compromising it in their resolution, and working in partnership with its stakeholders.
Innovations in HRM Practices in Indian Companies
Authors: Gupta Minisha
Published: December 2021

Innovation has become an integral part of every business organization because it provides sustainable competitive advantage to the company. In today's highly dynamic business environment every organization wants to succeed by leveraging their employees' talent. In order to leverage the employees' talent, it is important to follow relevant HRM policies or to continuously introduce innovative HR practices to meet the expectations of the employees. Reviewing the literature and previous research work, this study has tried to find out the various innovative HR practices initiated by Indian organizations till now. The findings will help in guiding how much more innovative practices are still to be initiated in order to attain employee confidence and loyalty for the company. The study is beneficial for business leaders, students, practitioners, and researchers.
Dynamics of Human Resource Strategies and Cultural Orientations in Multinational Corporations
Authors: Abe Isaac Idowu , Abe Ethel N.
Published: December 2021

The search for new market opportunities in order to expand operations has been on the increase globally, and organizations are progressively pouring their resources into these expansions probably because of the huge turnover and return on investment derived from new market explorations. Multinational corporations (MNCs) that seek the market expansions in other developing countries transfer specific advantages and benefits to the emerging markets in order to operate effectively. The MNCs are required by law to comply with the legal obligations, local regulations, and cultural adaptations in the bid to transfer specific advantages. The situation becomes more complex because of the different cultures in different countries. New strategies are introduced to resolve the new challenges that each new market entrance offers. These strategies pose tremendous risk to expanding markets and their operations, especially to developing markets. Recommendations are suggested to HRM practitioners and scholars, and issues are considers for future research.
Examine the Factors Influencing Effectiveness of HRM Practices Designed to Improve Knowledge Transfer
Authors: Vasanthapriyan Shanmuganathan
Published: December 2021

Software development companies are noted for their innovative IT products. This is due to the focus on knowledge as a key driver for the innovations. Knowledge is a key element to all human resources. The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors influencing the effectiveness of HRM practices designed to improve knowledge transfer within software companies. A theoretical model was developed and empirically tested to test the hypothesis. Software companies were chosen in Sri Lanka with their professionals acting as respondents to survey. A sample includes 203 employees of Sri Lankan software companies. The results show that the order of importance of the HRM practices tested here is selection and recruitment, training and development, performance appraisal, and reward and compensation. The results also indicate that selection and recruitment, training and development, performance appraisal, and reward and compensation showed a positive impact with knowledge transfer improvement, as perceived by the professionals in the Sri Lankan software industry.
Role of Employee Engagement in Reducing Workplace Deviance
Authors: Tomar Jitendra Singh , Khandelwal Ruchi , Jain Ruchi
Published: December 2021

The chapter focuses on the various antecedents to workplace deviance that exist in general and specifically on how employee engagement can lead to reduced workplace deviance. It explores the typical characteristics workplace deviance and its various manifestations exhibited by employees of the organisation. Using intensive literature review the factors leading to employee deviant behavior are identified. The behavior is further justified by theory of distributive justice and theory of relative deprivation. The drivers of employee engagements like “Job Satisfaction,” “Family Friendliness,” “Equal Opportunities,” “Fair Treatment,” “Performance and Appraisal,” “Training Development and Career,” etc. are successfully mapped with the theories of deprived justice to address the deviance problem.
Law and HRM Challenges in Generational Transition of Family Firms
Authors: Marchisio Emiliano
Published: December 2021

This chapter examines some of the most relevant HRM problems in generational transition of family firms and proposes a number of legal instruments capable of resolving them. Use of corporations as vehicles to run the family business is examined, also with respect to consequences of this choice in business transition. Definition and “protection” of family roles within the firm are observed. Patrimonial issues are compared to personal issues and their interplay is explained by reference to five different scenarios. Last, the possibility to “select”, so to say, the law applicable to one's succession under Regulation (EU) no 650/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 is explored. At the end, it is concluded that even if HRM in family business shows informality along with formality in designing business practices, generational transition of family firms requires structuring and needs be planned, appropriately and in detail, in advance.
Management Game
Authors: Kesti Marko , Ylitalo Aino-Inkeri , Vakkala Hanna
Published: December 2021

Digital disruption and continuous productivity improvement require more from people management, thus raising the bar for leadership competencies. International studies indicate that leadership competence gaps are large and traditional leadership training methods does not seem to solve this problem. This article's findings supports this situation. The authors will open the complexity behind organizational productivity development and present game theoretical architecture that simulates management behavior effects to human performance. New methods enable practice-based learning that enables formatting leaders' behavior so that it will create long-term success with continuous change. The authors will present gamified leadership training procedure and discuss the practical learning experiences from a management simulation game. The authors' study reveals challenges at interactive leadership skills, thus, it is argued, that there seems to be problems at the leadership mind-set. Therefore, more sophisticated learning methods and tools should be used.
e-HRM in a Cloud Environment
Authors: Ziebell Robert-Christian , Albors-Garrigos Jose , Schoeneberg Klaus-Peter , Marin Maria Rosario Perello
Published: December 2021

As the digitization of HR processes in companies continues to increase, at the same time, the underlying technical basis is also developing at a rapid pace. Electronic human resources (e-HRM) solutions are used to map a variety of HR processes. However, the introduction of such systems has various consequences, which are not only technical but also imply organizational and functional changes within the organization. Additionally, the cloud environment contributes to enhancing e-HRM capabilities and introduces new factors in its adoption. A systematic review of the available literature on the different dimensions of electronic resources management was conducted to assess the current state of research in this field. This review includes topics such as the evolution of e-HRM, its practical application, use of technology, implementation as well as HR analytics. By identifying and reviewing articles under e-HRM, IT technology, and HR journals, it was possible to identify relevant controversial themes and gaps as well as limitations.
Influence of Internal Corporate Social Responsibility on Employee Retention With Special Reference to the Apparel Industry in Sri Lanka
Authors: Fernando A. G. N. K. , Sutha Jayaranjani
Published: December 2021

Employee retention is emerging as a critical issues impact on the competitive advantage. Internal corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been creating so much attention in the minds of employees during the recent years. Thus, the chapter is based on three objectives: First, it explores the relationship between internal CSR and employee retention. Second, it identifies how intrinsic motivation mediates the relationship between internal CSR and employee retention. Finally, it determines the internal CSR activities which the apparel industry should pay more attention to in order to better employee retention. Primary data were collected by using questionnaires, and the results of the study indicated that there is a positive relationship between internal CSR and employee retention. Moreover, intrinsic motivation partially mediates the relationship between the internal CSR and employee retention. The findings of the study identify the internal CSR activities which the apparel industry should pay more attention to in order to develop retention programs in the future.
Job Engagement Levels Across the Generations at Work
Authors: Brightenburg Mark E. , Whittington J. Lee , Meskelis Simone , Asare Enoch
Published: December 2021

For more than a decade, low levels of employee engagement have consistently been reported by the press and consultant community. A recurring chorus has emerged from this pattern of reporting: not only are less than 30% of employees fully engaged in their work, but this statistic is even lower among the fastest growing segment of the workforce – Millennials. But is the engagement level of Millennials really as low as reported? Are Millennials more likely to be actively disengaged than their older coworkers? This chapter takes a fresh look at these questions. A series of field studies were conducted to determine if there are indeed large differences in the level of engagement between the generations. The research conclusions in this chapter are at odds with the often-cited reports of low employee engagement. The reason for this variance is discussed and actionable solutions for facilitating high levels of employee engagement across a generation-diverse workforce are offered.
Gamification in English as Second Language Learning in Secondary Education Aged Between 11-18
Authors: Kaya Gamze , Sagnak Hatice Cilsalar
Published: December 2021

Since gamification has strengthened its place in education over the years, it is frequently preferred in English as a Second Language Learning. This study aims to investigate the literature on the effects of gamification on students’ English learning as a second language and the tendency of students to use games to learn English as a second language. This review contains a systematic review of published articles about gamification in English as a Second Language Learning for learners aged between 11-18 from 2013 to 2020. The study was designed according to the specifications of the PRISMA 2009 Checklist. A combination of words related to gamification, game-based learning, English as a Second Language, and secondary school was included as a search strategy. After selection, ten research articles written in English were reviewed. Their results indicated that the games enhance the fun, raise students’ motivation, and boost their participation while helping their autonomous learning. This review includes suggestions to support planning game-based English lessons.