bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acompañamiento de la familia y la enfermera, a la persona con tuberculosis para superar el estigma social
Authors: Burgos Ugaz Luz Maribel , Surca Rojas Teresa Catalina
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Comprender como el acompañamiento que brinda la familia y la enfermera a la persona con tuberculosis ayuda a superar el estigma social. Material y Métodos: Dada la naturaleza del objeto de investigación se hace necesario una metodología cualitativa, utilizando el método de análisis de contenido. Estudia la realidad en su contexto natural a las personas involucradas, intenta obtener eventos de la vida cotidiana que les afectan a sus dimensiones biopsicosocial – espiritual. El escenario del estudio fue un hospital MINSA de Callao-Perú, en periodo de noviembre a diciembre del 2020. La población consta de 21 participantes, con una muestra de 8 pacientes de los cuales 2 fueron mujeres y 6 varones con edades que oscilan de 18 a 50 años, pertenecientes a la Estrategia Sanitaria de Control y Prevención de TBC. Resultados: Se generaron tres categorías: “Familia acompaña al paciente en la experiencia de estigma social”. “Enfermera germen de confianza y esperanza para el paciente con estigma social, portador de tuberculosis.”. “El paciente, en compañía de la enfermera toma conciencia sobre el cuidado de la vida y su salud.”. Conclusiones: Los pacientes que padecen tuberculosis presentaron estigma social, pero con el acompañamiento de la familia y la enfermera lograron culminar su tratamiento con éxito y superar el estigma social, aunque experimentaron vergüenza, y humillación durante el contagio de la enfermedad, sus familiares fueron sus confidentes para que otros no tomen conocimiento de su estado y se sientan más rechazados. Se mostraron muy agradecidos por la nueva experiencia del acompañamiento, el cuidado, el buen trato y la comunicación afectiva que recibieron del personal profesional de enfermería, en todas las dimensiones biopsicosociales y espirituales que les ayudó a superar la discriminación: Aislamiento social, desánimo y la incertidumbre.
ANALISIS KRITIS FILSAFAT MUHAMMAD BĀQIR AL-ṢADR TERHADAP SISTEM EKONOMI NEOLIBERAL
Authors: Firdausi Firdausi , Al Walid Kholid
Published: March 2022

The neoliberal economic system is a system that is used to support economic and political activities in the worldwide. But a series of failures was created by this system. The fundamental problems are economic inequality at the state level and economic gap at the community level. This study aims to prove the fragility of the neoliberal economic system by using Muhammad Bāqir al-Ṣadr's sharpy analysis of materialism capitalism. This study uses a critical literature study method. The main references are Falsafatunā and IqtiṢādunā. According to Bāqir al-Ṣadr, the Islamic economic system is the answer to the problems posed by various economic systems based on capitalism and materialism.
CD36-Mediated Fatty Acid Oxidation in Hematopoietic Stem Cells Is a Novel Mechanism of Emergency Hematopoiesis in Response to Infection
Authors: Maryanovich Maria , Ito Keisuke
Published: March 2022

Hematopoietic homeostasis depends on the close regulation of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) activity in the bone marrow. Quiescence and activation in response to stress, among other changes in state, are mediated by shifts in HSC metabolic activity. Although HSC steady-state metabolism is well established, the mechanisms driving HSC activation, proliferation, and differentiation in response to stress remain poorly understood. Here we discuss a study by Mistry et al. that describes a novel metabolic mechanism that fuels HSC activation and expansion. The authors show that to meet their metabolic needs in response to infection, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells uptake free fatty acids from their microenvironment via CD36 to fuel fatty acid oxidation. These exciting findings suggest that in the context of infection, HSCs undergo a metabolic shift toward fatty acid metabolism that drives emergency hematopoiesis and raise questions about the role of the microenvironment in this process.
Digital Triage Tool Using Artificial Intelligence and Patient History for Detecting Selected Neurological Diseases and Sensing the Bottleneck between Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Therapy
Authors: Grigull Lorenz , Lechner Werner , Klawonn Frank
Published: March 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals with symptoms other than cough or fever have refrained from seeking medical advice. However, a delay in treatment might lead to serious consequences. At the same time, digital health initiatives have emerged to overcome this bottleneck of healthcare. Herein, we report the results of a multi-center initiative using a combination of patient history and artificial intelligence (AI) to identify individuals with rare neuromuscular diseases. First, a questionnaire with 46 items was developed by interviewing patients with muscular dystrophies, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Morbus Pompe, neuropathies, and myasthenia gravis. Second, patients with proven neurological diseases answered the questionnaire. Third, a combination of classifiers (artificial neural network, support vector, and random forest) was trained and, finally, the system was challenged with new questionnaires. Users with an abnormal questionnaire pattern received a unique code for data privacy and contact details for a neurologist for further advice. The neurologists confirmed or refuted the AI-based diagnosis. The questionnaire was accessed 3122 times, leading to 853 unique codes. Only for a few patients the computer-based diagnoses and the confirmed final diagnoses were reported to us. However, for these few patients, the genetic testing and high CK levels finally ended their long-lasting diagnostic odyssey.
 In Vitro Investigation of Gas Embolism in Microfluidic Networks Mimicking Microvasculature
Authors: Mardanpour Mohammad Mahdi , Sudalaiyadum Perumal Ayyappasamy , Mahmoodi Zahra , Baassiri Karine , Rubies Gala Montiel , LeDez Kenneth M. , Nicolau Dan V.
Published: March 2022

Gas embolism is a medical condition leading to the blockage of blood flow in the microvasculature by gas bubbles. While reported as rare, gas embolism often has devastating, fatal physiological consequences. Despite this acute importance, the genesis and evolution of air bubbles in blood vessels under different physiological conditions, such as blood viscosity and blood flow rate, is still understudied, largely because of difficult experimentation and in situ visualization. The objective of this work was to study the gas embolism phenomenon in vitro, using a microfluidic system that mimicked the architecture of microvasculature. The microfluidic systems comprised linear channels with two different air inlet types, namely, T- and Y-junctions with three different widths (20 µm, 40 µm, and 60 µm), and a 30 µm width honeycombed network with three bifurcation angles (30°, 60°, and 90°). Three synthetic liquids equivalent to 0%, 20%, and 46% hematocrit that mimicked the physiological blood viscosity and hematocrit concentrations were used. Our results show that: (i) 20 µm and 40 µm width channels had an elevated risk of gas embolism due to wide fluctuations in the total slug sizes; (ii) the resistance to the flow of air bubbles increased with the increase in the equivalent concentration of hematocrit; (iii) gas bubbles causing blockages and dampening of the flow velocity were frequently observed in 20 µm channels, and lastly (iv) increased risk of gas embolism was observed in the honeycomb architecture with 60° and 30° bifurcations. This work suggests that in vitro experimentation using microfluidic devices with microvascular tissue-like structures opens the possibility of studying this medical condition with high reproducibility and impacts the fact-based medical guidelines for preventing or mitigating iatrogenic occurrences.
Class I MHC Polymorphisms Associated with Type 2 Diabetes in Mexican Population
Authors: Mendoza Ramirez Paola , López-Olaiz Mildred Alejandra , Morales-Fernandez Adriana Lizeth , Flores-Echiveste Maria Isabel , Casillas-Navarro Antonio de Jesus , Pérez-Rodríguez Marco Andrés , Orozco-Luna Felipe de Jesús , Cortés-Romero Celso , Zuñiga Laura Yareni , Sanchez Parada María Guadalupe , Hernandez-Ortega Luis Daniel , Sesma Mercado Arieh Roldan , Baptista Rosas Raúl Cuauhtémoc
Published: March 2022

Type 2 diabetes has been linked to the expression of Human Leukocyte Antigens, principally to the major Histocompatibility Complex Class II and only scarce reports to Major Histocompatibility Complex class I in specific populations. The objective of the present work was to explore the presence of polymorphisms in the MHC class I related to Type 2 diabetes in the Mexican population using the GWAS SIGMA database. This database contains information of 3,848 Mexican individuals with type 2 diabetes and 4,366 control individuals from the same population without clinical or hereditary history of the disease. The searching criteria considered a P value < 0.005 and odds ratio, OR > 1.0. Ten novel statistically significant nucleotide variants were identified: four polymorphisms associated with HLA-A (A*03:01:01:01), and six with HLA-C (C*01:02:01:01). These alleles have a high prevalence in Latin American populations and could potentially be associated with autoimmunity mechanisms related with the development of Type 2 diabetes complications.
Pengembangan Penuntun Praktikum Fisika SMA/MA Berbasis KPS menggunakan 3D Pageflip Professional pada Materi Pengukuran
Authors: Wulan Darii Retno , Purwaningsih Sri , Darmaji Darmaji
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to develop and test the feasibility of a practical science process skills-based practical guide using 3D Pageflip Professional measurement material. This type of research is research and development with the ADDIE model. The instrument used was a material and media validation questionnaire and a student perception questionnaire. The data analysis technique in the form of suggestions from the validator was carried out descriptively qualitatively. The practicum guide that has been developed has an .exe format that can be run on a PC / laptop. This practicumm guide has been validated and declared valid with an average score of material experts of 3.9 which is categorized as very good and an average score of media experts of 3.4 which is classified as in the very good category. Furthermore, the score of the students' perceptions of the practicum guide was 3.5 which was in the very good category. The advantages contained in the practicum guide developed are that the language used is easy to understand, the video displayed is three-dimensional, there are complementary experiments that can be used for distance learning, easy to operate.
Pengembangan Buku Panduan Sistem Aplikasi Satker (SAS) Untuk Pembuatan Surat Perintah Membayar (SPM) Pada Satker Deputi III BPOM RI
Authors: Veren Trifena  , Kunto Imbar Nursetyo, M.Pd  , Erry Utomo, Ph.D
Published: March 2022

Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan menghasilkan Buku Panduan Sistem Aplikasi Satker (SAS) untuk Pembuatan Surat Perintah Membayar (SPM) pada Satker Deputi III BPOM RI. Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan model Rowntree yang terdiri dari tiga tahapan yaitu tahap perencanaan, tahap persiapan penulisan dan tahap penulisan dan penyuntingan. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan wawancara tidak terstruktur dan pengisian angket. Evaluasi pada pengembangan ini melibatkan 1 ahli materi, 1 ahli media dan 5 orang pengguna buku panduan. Nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh dari tahap expert review oleh ahli materi ialah 3,53 yang menunjukan kategori sangat baik, sedangkan nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh dari ahli media ialah 3,47 yang menunjukan kategori sangat baik. Pada tahap one-to-one evaluation, nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh ialah 3,64 yang menunjukan buku panduan ini sangat baik dan dapat digunakan untuk memandu karyawan dalam menggunakan aplikasi Sistem Aplikasi Satker (SAS) untuk membuat Surat Perintah Membayar (SPM) dengan baik dan benar.
Pengembangan Learning Object Video Motion Graphic Mata Kuliah Persepsi dan Desain Pesan di Program Studi S1 Teknologi Pendidikan UNJ
Authors: Afrista Esgi , Retno Widyaningrum, S.Kom., M.M.  , Diana Ariani, S.Pd., M.Pd.
Published: March 2022

Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan mengembangkan produk Learning Object (LO) Video Motion Graphic Mata kuliah Persepsi dan Desain Pesan di Program Studi Teknologi Pendidikan UNJ. LO berfokus pada video pembelajaran berupa motion graphic menggunakan model Rapid Prototyping yang memiliki 5 tahapan, Assess Needs and Analyze Content, Set Objectives, Construct Prototype (design), Utilization Prototype (research), dan Installing the Final System. Hasil penelitian berupa produk 5 video motion graphic yang diunggah ke dalam Learning Management System sebagai bahan pembelajaran online. LO ini telah melalui evaluasi yang melibatkan ahli dan pengguna. Hasil expert review diperoleh ahli materi sebesar 3,82 (sangat baik), ahli media 3,89 (sangat baik). Selanjutnya hasil uji coba pengguna one to one memperoleh nilai 3,59 (sangat baik) dan small group sebesar 3,78 (sangat baik). Hasil evaluasi formatif menunjukkan produk LO dapat dikatakan sangat baik dan layak dijadikan Learning Object pada Mata kuliah Persepsi dan Desain Pesan di Program Studi Teknologi Pendidikan UNJ.
Autonomous GPR surveys using the polar rover Yeti
Authors: Lever James , Delaney Allan , Ray Laura , Trautman E. , Barna Lynette , Burzynski Amy
Published: March 2022

The National Science Foundation operates stations on the ice sheets of Antarctica and Greenland to investigate Earth’s climate history, life in extreme environments, and the evolution of the cosmos. Understandably, logistics costs predominate budgets due to the remote locations and harsh environments involved. Currently, manual ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys must preceed vehicle travel across polar ice sheets to detect subsurface crevasses or other voids. This exposes the crew to the risks of undetected hazards. We have developed an autonomous rover, Yeti, specifically to conduct GPR surveys across polar ice sheets. It is a simple four-wheel-drive, battery-powered vehicle that executes autonomous surveys via GPS waypoint following. We describe here three recent Yeti deployments, two in Antarctica and one in Greenland. Our key objective was to demonstrate the operational value of a rover to locate subsurface hazards. Yeti operated reliably at −30 ◦C, and it has good oversnow mobility and adequate GPS accuracy for waypoint-following and hazard georeferencing. It has acquired data on hundreds of crevasse encounters to improve our understanding of heavily crevassed traverse routes and to develop automated crevasse-detection algorithms. Importantly, it helped to locate a previously undetected buried building at the South Pole. Yeti can improve safety by decoupling survey personnel from the consequences of undetected hazards. It also enables higher-quality systematic surveys to improve hazard-detection probabilities, increase assessment confidence, and build datasets to understand the evolution of these regions. Yeti has demonstrated that autonomous vehicles have great potential to improve the safety and efficiency of polar logistics.
Mechanical Production Packer Recovery with Coil Tubing on Live Well
Authors: Nebiolo Martin Mauro , Castro Santiago Anibal
Published: March 2022

At the end of 2019, we were challenged by an international Operator company in Argentina to provide technical support for a complex fishing operation on a recently fracked well in Vaca Muerta unconventional shale reservoir. The well intervention objective was to recover a downhole device used to isolate the annulus to the production conduit on the well, named production retrievable packer (PKR), with a confirmed fluid leak through it, that PKR was set with the objective to isolate 52 frac stages after a coil tubing plugs mill out intervention and well flow back.

Refer to figure #1 – Well diagram.

The lower completion was set on 5 1/2in Production Casing and it was composed of the following items: mechanical Packer with stinger on-off pin connection device, 2 3/8 inch pup joint × 2 ft length, 1.81 RN nipple and pump out shear out plug. The lower completion array was configured to be set on a wireline at 9,500 ft MD @30-degree deviation as per completion design.

In general, when a leak is detected on production packers, it is a fairly common industry practice to run and set a second PKR on top of the first one (bridge PKR) to get proper wellbore pressure isolation and at the same time to save time and efforts by avoiding complex maneuvers to recover the failed PKR. In this case, that general solution wasn't an option because two main reasons:

There were 7 frac stages not properly cleaned up on coiled tubing because of casing deformation issues detected during the coil tubing clean out phase, therefore the operator wanted to keep an alternative to be able to safely retrieve production TBG string & PKR to get full wellbore access without restrictions, in case an additional well cleanout job was required based on production performance evaluation. The operator's completion engineering department decided to retrieve the first well barrier and conduct an extensive failure analysis, as this PKR model was the selected one for many other similar interventions.

Once the leak was confirmed by negative pressure leak test, a retrievable bridge plug was set to secure the well and allow the operator for wellhead change out as planned and move on with mill out interventions on the other inline wells from the pad.
Overcoming the Challenges of Coiled Tubing Access into Multilateral Wells and Applying Advanced Distributed Temperature Sensing Intelligent Algorithms to Map Fluid Movement
Authors: Abdulghani Ahmed , Ssafwany Ali , Muailu Husain , Kharrat Wassim , Elsherif Tamer
Published: March 2022

The stimulation of multilateral wells with Coiled Tubing (CT) has always imposed significant challenges to the oilfield. Starting with lateral's access, extended reach coverage, and finishing off with an adequate stimulation fluid placement to ensure treating all targeted zones. This paper presents an engineering approach that enables access to a multilateral open-hole completion and evaluates fluid placement using the Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS).

The through-tubing multilateral access tool has been designed and deployed on a CT string, including a hybrid fiber optic and an electric cable connected to an intelligent Bottom-Hole Assembly (BHA) with multiple downhole sensors. The casing windows or open-hole junctions can be located with a precise real-time measurement of the differential pressure drop across the two downhole bottom-hole pressure sensors inside and outside the intelligent BHA. Moreover, the casing shoe and windows access will be immediately confirmed with the real-time Casing Collar Locator (CCL) signal loss. In contrast, the junction's access can be established just after a few tens of running footage thanks to the real-time inclination measurement from the accelerometer sub added to the BHA for the first time.

The identification of access into the mother-bore was intuitively identified with the immediate loss of CCL signal at a depth of the casing shoe. The window localization was confirmed with a low drop in the downhole differential pressure at the intelligent bottom-hole assembly, which was not noticed at the surface. The deviation survey measured by the accelerometer sub showed a matching signature with the drilling deviation survey for both; the mother-bore and the lateral, which were successfully treated. Acquired DTS profile logs showed thought-provoking outputs. After applying the advanced interpretation algorithms, communication between the lateral and various heterogeneities in the formation was detected.

The CT intelligent BHA deployment enabled the real-time downhole measurement of pressure drop, CCL, and inclination, allowing a quick confirmation of each lateral with confidence. It supersedes the previously used techniques by eliminating all limitations related to pressure monitoring at the surface and the requirement to tag different measured depths for each lateral. Various conclusions were driven, which allowed re-building operational procedures to improve the matrix stimulation treatments in offset wells. Several domains were integrated to create a fit-for-purpose solution for a complex operation. Joint efforts including stratigraphy, fluids science, and well intervention technologies could yield a proven algorithm to be applied.
Case History of the Successful Milling of a Gas Hydrate Plug in an Ultra Deepwater Well Offshore India Using Coiled Tubing
Authors: Mirani Ankit , Chandak Raj , Tripathi Soniya , Srivastav Ashish , Aggarwal Vishal
Published: March 2022

Gas hydrate formation during the drilling and completion phase can add significant operational costs in a deepwater environment. In an ultra-deepwater well off the east coast of India with a water depth of 2830 mMD, a hydrate plug was discovered during well-killing operations after a well test. Multiple attempts to remove the plug using cyclic pressurization/depressurization failed, and a Coiled Tubing (CT) intervention was required to mill out the hydrate plug.

A Coiled Tubing Lift Frame (CTLF) was rigged up to accommodate the CT stack inside the derrick then CT was deployed with a milling Bottom-Hole Assembly (BHA). This BHA comprised of an even-walled stator assembly motor and Hurricane mill bit. Heated brine with 6%-30% glycol was the fluid recipe for the job with the glycol concentration at different pressure and temperature conditions calculated based on data derived from the methane hydrate formation curve and Hammerschmidt's equation. The engineering plan also incorporated the backpressure and fluid temperature selection criteria based on available reservoir and well test data.

Milling was started and operating parameters were maintained to achieve a controlled rate of penetration. Since hydrate formation is not homogeneous, backpressure was maintained throughout the job to regulate the expansion of any gas pockets between the plug and prevent solid hydrates from being propelled to the surface during milling. The "less-aggressive" Hurricane mill bit was selected to prevent any large chunks of solid hydrate from getting dislodged from the plug. An even-walled stator was selected as it provides higher operating limits and is more resistant to deformation and degradation. The temperature of pumping and return fluids was constantly monitored to ensure sufficient thermal energy downhole to prevent hydrate re-formation. Since bottom-hole temperatures were close to the freezing point of water, fluid was continuously pumped at a minimum rate during CT trip-in to keep the stator elastomer lubricated and "heated". The 600m hydrate plug inside the riser string was milled-out in less than 24 hours, following which the CT did not encounter any obstructions to the depth of the sub-sea test tree (SSTT) at 2830 mMD. Pressure communication was established with the well and the job was concluded.

Removal of gas hydrate plugs is a technically challenging and operationally complex job. Furthermore, available literature and case histories on this topic are sparse. This paper presents key learnings from both the planning and execution stages which made this challenging job a success. The paper aims to serve as a reference for operators and service companies to plan, develop and execute similar CT well intervention solutions.
Analyzing Data from Hydraulic Workover and Coiled Tubing Services
Authors: Kelleher Patrick A , Newman Kenneth R
Published: March 2022

This paper highlights the evolution of data collection and analytics for the well intervention and completions industry. Systems discussed include tubing conveyance systems such as coiled tubing (CT) units and hydraulic workover (HWO)/completion rigs along with the typical accompaniment of pump trucks, chemical mixing plants, and flowback systems. The topics covered will include examples of how these datasets and analyses can help optimize operational procedures, improve real-time awareness, and reduce uncertainty in operations.
Using Intelligent Coiled Tubing for Revival of a Double Leg Well After 12 Years of Obstruction
Authors: Correa Pedro Daniel , Zhiyenaliyeva Sara , Nadirov Zhanibek
Published: March 2022

The objective of the paper is to describe successful fishing operation with Intelligent CT Telemetry System of diverter tool (16,847ft) that has been stuck in the multi-branch well in the slanted main bore section. Previous attempts to recover the diverter with slickline (SL)were unsuccessful.

The completion included a Lateral Entry Nipple at the lateral junction that enabled selective entry. The first run was planned with Venturi Junk Basket (VJB) to condition the well by cleaning top of the diverter tool. During first attempt to release diverter tool, it was discovered that a section from the Inflatable Thu-Tubing Cement Retainer (ITTCR) was left at the top of the diverter tool during water-shut-off (WSO) operations performed previously in the lateral sub horizontal bore. Thereby, additional run to recover ITTCR section and afterwards the main run of diverter retrieval was completed with the use of a TeleCoil 2-7/8″ Integrated Sensor, including a Tension-Compression-Torque (TCT) sensor subassembly that transmitted real-time axial forces applied from the surface through coiled tubing pipe.

For the first time a 2-7/8″ TCT subassembly was engaged in fishing operations to improve job execution and bring additional value to customer. The novelty of using CTT system with TCT subassembly helped to recover the diverter tool which was stuck in the well for 12 years. During both runs, against all challenges such as negligible fish weights, well deviation and buoyancy effect, the TCT sensor had detected presence of fish as additional gained weight in tension during coiled tubing (CT) pulling out of hole (POOH). The downhole loads transmitted by the pipe have confirmed that coiled tubing was more severely buckled in the well in comparison with simulation predicted values.

Furthermore, while POOH with the latched diverter tool, due to wellbore completion configuration, pull up parameters were adjusted to pass gently through restrictions based on real-time casing collar locator (CCL) & TCT downhole readings. It was another proven case history of an effective alternative option of prong & plug retrieval in challenging well conditions.

Integration of TCT sensor in fishing operations provides critical real-time downhole parameters for successful retrieval of the fish from the wellbore. Fluctuations of downhole slack off weights and additional tension of TCT tool as indication of fish release and further latch, opens the doors for other options of TCT tool utilization in coming future.
Innovative and Collaborative Well Intervention Solution Restores Well Integrity to Compromised Completion
Authors: Mackenzie Gordon , McLelland Alan , Carragher Paul , Fulks Jeff , Mason David
Published: March 2022

This Asia Pacific client's completion system had an integrity issue whereby the production packer installed in 1995 was not sealing the tubing to casing annulus. Being an older facility, the drilling substructure had previously been removed and a solution to restore production integrity using non-rig assist through tubing intervention technologies was required.

The innovative solution developed and employed was to create an impermeable annular barrier directly above the compromised production packer seal, through the in-situ completion tubing utilizing an electric wireline set inflatable retrievable bridge plug system, for diversion, along with a bismuth-based metal-to-metal sealing alloy actuated by means of a thermite heater. This unique solution included drilling the tubing above the production packer with an e-line deployed system to provide multiple communication ports to the annulus, an e-line set inflatable retrievable bridge with a modified, extended fish neck was then set utilizing wellbore fluid as the inflation medium. The bismuth alloy metal sealing particulate (pellets) were positioned via a dump bailer above the inflatable plug which directed them to the tubing / casing annulus to gravitate to their position and calculated radial height within the compromised annulus. Once positioned the inflatable bridge plug was retrieved via slickline. An e-line conveyed thermite-based heater module was then deployed to complete the process of forming the bismuth-based alloy seal allowing for a permanent annular barrier to be created. Once accomplished and integrity confirmed a straddle/patch system was run to re-seal the tubing / casing annulus drilled holes, prior to the well-being returned to production.

This paper will focus on this rigless intervention operation conducted in July 2021 as it relates primarily to the engineering and installation and retrieval of the bridge plugs and the development, engineering, and installation of the bismuth-based metal to metal sealing alloy, allowing repair to be completed and the well handed over in a position of full integrity.
Real-Time Hybrid Coiled Tubing Service Overcomes the Issue of Pipe Stuck in a Challenging Kuwait Well
Authors: Matar Khaled M. , Al-Bahar Zakaria , Al-Mutairi Abdullah B. , Al-Otaibi Khaled , Al-Azmi Mohammad , Al-Mehanna Mehanna , Alwazzan Abdulatif , Travesso Joshua , Alkreebani Mohammad
Published: March 2022

Many unforeseen circumstances can occur when coiled tubing (CT) is deployed into a well with differential pressure sticking being one such potential problem. Diagnosing wellbore data before operating on a well is important but does not eliminate the possibility of stuck CT. With the increase in use of CT on wells with extreme conditions, the requirement to find solutions that can help retrieve the CT and its bottom hole assembly (BHA) is crucial.

When using conventional CT equipment, the operator will have access to several parameters, such as weight, circulating pressure, wellhead pressure (WHP), and depth. However, all these are surface parameters, meaning they are obtained based on the surface conditions. Having accurate downhole information to accompany the surface data can be much more helpful when encountering differential pressure sticking situations.

This paper presents the application of real-time hybrid CT (RTHCT) technology to overcome stuck CT. The technology incorporates a 4mm hybrid cable injected into a CT string and includes a modular sensing bottom-hole assembly (MSBHA) providing key downhole information. Internal and external pressure and temperature, casing collar locator, gamma-ray, compression, and tension are all examples of the downhole data. A flow-through camera was also added to the BHA to provide 360° visibility in the multilateral well, resulting in a high-value BHA with a total length of approximately 36ft.

The RTHCT technology was initially utilized to stimulate a multi-lateral well composed of 2 legs. The CT became stuck while displacing L1 lateral, which had 6-1/8in internal diameter and 2,647ft lateral length. The reason the CT became stuck was ambiguous. But upon careful evaluation of the wellbore information, it was determined that it was likely due to the differential pressure because L1's lateral open-hole section had a large variance in reservoir pressure (up to 680psi difference).

This paper presents some lessons learned when encountering a stuck CT scenario and the benefits of utilizing the RTHCT technology in challenging well conditions to successfully retrieve the CT. With the

RTHCT technology, the bottom hole pressure (BHP) was determined allowing the downhole sticking point to be estimated. Higher overpull values were then applied along with additional pumping whilst remaining within the operating limits of the BHA.
A Rapid RT-LAMP SARS-CoV-2 Screening Assay for Collapsing Asymptomatic COVID-19 Transmission.
Authors: Allsopp Rebecca , Cowley Caroline , Barber Ruth , Jones Carolyn , Holmes Christopher , Bird Paul , Gohil Shailesh , Blackmore Claire , Tobin Martin , Brunskill Nigel , Baker Philip , Shaw Jacqui
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Todemonstrate the diagnostic performance of rapid SARS-CoV-2 RT-LAMP assays, comparing the performance of genomic versus sub-genomic sequence target with subsequent application in an asymptomatic screening population. Methods: RT-LAMP diagnostic sensitivity (DSe) and specificity (DSp) was determined using 114 RT-PCR clinically positive and 88 RT-PCR clinically negative swab samples processed through the diagnostic RT-PCR service within the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust. A swab-based RT-LAMP SARS-CoV-2 screening programme was subsequently made available to all staff and students at the University of Leicester (Autumn 2020), implemented to ISO 15189:2012 standardsusing NHS IT infrastructure and supported by University Hospital Leicester via confirmatory NHS diagnostic laboratory testing of RT-LAMP ‘positive’ samples. Results: Validation samples reporting a Ct < 20 were detected at 100% DSe and DSp, reducing to 95% DSe (100% DSp) for all samples reporting a Ct < 30 (both genomicdual sub-genomic assays). Advisory screening identified nine positive cases in 1680 symptom free individuals (equivalent to 540 cases per 100,000) with results reported back to participants and feed into national statisticswithin 48 hours.Conclusion: This work demonstrates the utility of a rapid RT-LAMP assay for collapsing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in an asymptomatic screening population.
Body Mass Index Is Associated with Proteinuria in Stage 2-3a but not Stage 3b-4 CKD Patients: An Observational Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shen Jianxiao , He Yipei , He Liqun , Li Yuting , Chen Xiaonong , Xu Yaowen , Deng Yueyi , Chen Yi , Zhuang Shougang , Gu Hongwei , Liu Na , Qi Yinghui , Qiao Cheng , Ding Feng , Wu Shengbin , Peng Ai , Cheng Jiafen , Lin Qisheng , Li Shu , Zhang Zhen , Wu Jingkui , Qi Chaojun , Jin Haijiao , Wang Wanpeng , Shao Xinghua , Jiang Na , Wang Qin , Che Xiajing , Mou Shan , Gu Leyi , Ni Zhaohui
Published: March 2022

Background: To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and proteinuria in stage 2-4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods: This study conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional study of 804 stage 2-4 CKD patients. Multivariate regression analysis, One-way ANOVA and subsequent multiple comparisons analysis were used to explore the relationship between BMI and proteinuria in pre-dialysis CKD patients. Results: Among stage 2-4 CKD patients, those with excessive proteinuria accounted for 85.32% of the total. BMI was an independent risk factor for the presence of proteinuria and positively correlated with the volume of proteinuria. Subgroup studies suggested that in stage 2-3a CKD patients, BMI was closely related to the presence and volume of proteinuria. However, in stage 3b-4 CKD patients, there was non-association between BMI and proteinuria. Furthermore, in stage 2-3a but not stage 3b-4 CKD patients, those with obesity (BMI≥ 28 kg/m2) had higher levels of proteinuria, compared with those with normal weight (BMI< 24 kg/m2) and overweight (24 kg/m2≤ BMI < 28 kg/m2). Conclusion: BMI is associated with the presence and volume of proteinuria in patients with early stage (stage 2-3a) CKD but not late stage (stage 3b-4) CKD. This result suggests that only in early stage CKD patients, weight control is beneficial for reducing proteinuria.Trial registration: ChiCTR-INR-17014069, Registered December 21, 2017.
N-doped graphitic carbon&Co3O4: The efficient catalyst for degradation of Rhodamine B and 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol in Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) system
Authors: AKÇAY HAKKI TÜRKER , DEMİR ADEM , ÖZÇİFÇİ ZEHRA , YUMAK TUĞRUL , Keleş Turgut
Published: March 2022

One of the most important issues in the world in recent years is water pollution, which is brought about by rapid industrialization. Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) oxidation is an effective technique for wastewater treatment. Transition metals such as cobalt, manganese, iron are used to activate PMS. Therefore, in this study, a novel activated carbon and cobalt phthalocyanine catalyst (Co-AC) was synthesized by the solvothermal method.Rhodamine B (RhB) and 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) were used as model pollutants in the catalytic tests. The effective catalytic activity was observed at a low concentration of Co-AC and PMS compared to the literature. XRD, TEM, Raman, SEM and XPS techniques were used for the characterization of the as-synthesized catalyst. In addition, the surface area of Co-AC was calculated by BET and QS-DFT analysis. As a result, the degradation of RhB was found to be 97.07% after 16 minutes, and 100% for 2,4,6-TCP after 6 minutes. Experimental parameters such as temperature, pH, the concentration of the catalyst and PMS were studied and optimum conditions were determined In addition, TOC removal values ​​were found to be 46% for RhB and 66% for 2,4,6-TCP, respectively. The ICP-OES technique was used for the cobalt leaching and the results were found to be 1.35 mgL−1 for the RhB solution and 1.38 mgL−1 for 2,4,6-TCP. These results ​​are in good agreement with previously published works. The synthesized activated carbon-supported cobalt-based catalyst in line with these results acts as an effective catalyst especially in the treatment of wastewater containing pollutants such as RhB and 2,4,6-TCP.
TFP5, a Peptide Derived From Cdk5 Activator p35, Protects Pancreatic β-Cells From Glucose Toxicity
Authors: Liu Shunyao , Cao Shilu , Luo Hongyan , Zhang Xia , Bao Li , E Jing , Li Bo , Lan Xiaomei , Zhang Guoqing , Bao Xi , Pant Harish , Zheng Yali
Published: March 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is among the most important public health challenges. The pathological hyperactivity of multifunctional cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) contributes to the pathogenesis of T2DM. P5, a peptide derived from the Cdk5 activator p35, shows potential as a Cdk5 activity inhibitor. However, its inhibitory effect and functional regulation of Cdk5 activity need to be confirmed. In this study, we conjugated P5 with a Fluorescein Isothiocyanate (FITC) tag at the N-terminus and a TAT protein transduction domain containing an 11 amino acid peptide at the C-terminus to synthesize TFP5, which we used to inhibit Cdk5 activity. We then evaluated the efficiency of TFP5 in treating T2DM. We demonstrated that TFP5 effectively penetrated pancreatic β-cells, inhibited the pathological hyperactivity of Cdk5, enhanced insulin secretion, and protected MIN6 cells from apoptosis in pancreatic tissues of db/db mice (Type II diabetes mice). Furthermore, we found that TFP5 reduced inflammation in pancreatic islets by reducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines (including TGF-β, TNF-α, and IL-1β). These data indicate that the TFP5 peptide is a promising candidate for T2DM treatment.
Degradation of carbamazepine by high-voltage direct current gas-liquid plasma with the addition of H2O2 and Fe2+
Authors: Yu Jinming , Yan Weiwen , Zhu Bin , Xu Zimu , Hu Shuheng , Xi Wenhao , Lan Yan , Han Wei , Cheng Cheng
Published: March 2022

Carbamazepine (CBZ) is a typical psychotropic pharmaceutical which is one of the most commonly detected persistent pharmaceuticals in the environment. The degradation of CBZ in the aqueous solution was studied by a direct current (DC) gas-liquid phase discharge plasma combined with different catalysts (H2O2 or Fe2+) in this study. The concentrations of reactive species (H2O2, O3, and NO3− ) and •OH radical yield in the liquid were measured during the discharge process. The various parameters that affect the degradation of CBZ, such as discharge powers, initial concentrations, initial pH values, and addition of catalysts, were investigated. The results indicated that a discharge power at 35.7W achieved the optimal balance on the degradation effect and energy efficiency, and both acidic and alkaline solution conditions were conducive to promoting the degradation of CBZ. Both H2O2 and Fe2+ at low concentration (10–100mg/L of Fe2+, 0.05–2.0 mmol/L of H2O2) were observed contributing to the improvement of the CBZ degradation rate, while the promotional effect of CBZ degradation was weakened even inhibition would occur at high concentrations (100–200 mg/L of Fe2+, 2.0–5.0 mmol/L of H2O2). Furthermore, the total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency of CBZ was up to 67.1% in the plasma/Fe2+ (100mg/L) system at 48 min, which suggested a high mineralization efficiency on CBZ could be achieved by employing Fe2+ as a catalyst. Based on the intermediate products identified by UPLC–MS, the possible degradation pathways were proposed. Finally, the growth inhibition assay with E. coli showed that the toxicity of plasma/Fe2+-treated CBZ solution decreased and a relatively low solution toxicity could be achieved. Thus, the plasma/catalyst could be an effective technology for the degradation of pharmaceuticals in aqueous solutions.
Facile Synthesis of Magnetic Znfe2o4/AC Composite to Activate Peroxydisulfate for Dye Degradation Under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Song Tingting , He Quanbao , Meng Xiaoyan , He Zhangxing , Ge Ming
Published: March 2022

A facile hydrothermal method was employed to synthesize magnetic ZnFe2O4/active carbon (AC) composite, which was firstly used to activate peroxydisulfate (PDS) for rhodamine B (RhB) degradation under visible LED light irradiation. The ZnFe2O4/AC(4/1)/PDS system can enhance the RhB degradation efficiency by 32.1% compared with ZnFe2O4/PDS system due to the synergistic effect between ZnFe2O4 and AC. The influence of operational parameters (catalyst dosage, PDS concentration, temperature, solution pH and coexisting inorganic anions) on RhB degradation was studied, and the complete degradation of RhB was achieved after 80 min of reaction at operational condition: 0.3 g/L of ZnFe2O4/AC(4/1) and 1.5 g/L of PDS, solution pH of 2.74, reaction temperature of 25°C and initial RhB concentration of 20 mg/L. The quenching experiments, EPR test and XPS analysis were employed to reveal the proposed mechanism, which demonstrated that 1O2 played a more important role than other reactive species (SO4•‒, •OH, O2•−, and h+) in the degradation of RhB. The generation of 1O2 via the two routes was as follows: (i) the in-situ formed active oxygen (O*) reacted with HSO5− to produce 1O2; (ii) O2•− was oxidized by h+ to form 1O2. After five consecutive cycles, the photo-degradation efficiency of RhB by ZnFe2O4/AC(4/1) catalyst slightly decreased from 84.6–79.6%, indicating the excellent reusability of ZnFe2O4/AC(4/1) in oxidation system. Under visible LED light irradiation, the performance of ZnFe2O4/AC/PDS oxidation system for the removal of RhB from the different real water matrices was also studied.
The value of CT radiomics in differentiating mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia from streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia with similar consolidation in children
Authors: Wang Dongdong , Zhao Jianshe , Zhang Ran , Yan Qinghu , Zhou Lu , Han Xiaoyu , Qi Yafei , YU Dexin
Published: March 2022

Objective To investigate the value of CT radiomics in the differentiation of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) from streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia (SPP) with similar CT manifestations in children. Methods 63 children with MPP (n=30) or SPP (n=33) with similar consolidation and surrounding halo on CT images in Qilu Hospital and Qilu Children's Hospital between January 2017 and July 2019 were enrolled in the retrospective study. Radiomic features of the both lesions on plain CT images were extracted including the consolidation part of the pneumonia or both consolidation and surrounding halo area which were respectively delineated at region of interest (ROI) areas on the maximum axial image. The training set (n=43) and the validation set (n=20) were established by stratified random sampling at a ratio of 7:3. By means of variance threshold, the effective radiomics features, Select Best and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression method were employed for feature selection. Six classifiers, including k-nearest neighbor(KNN), support vector machine (SVM),extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost), random forest(RF), logistic regression(LR), and decision tree(DT) were used to construct the models based on radiomic features. The diagnostic performance of these models was estimated and compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), and the accuracy (score) matrix was established to compare and evaluate the results of different radiomics models. Results XGBoost outperformed other classifiers and was selected as the backbone in the classifier with the consolidation + the surrounding halo was taken as ROI to differentiate MPP from SPP in validation set. The AUC value of MPP in validation set was 0.889, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.89 and 0.82, respectively; and the AUC value of SPP validation set was 0.889, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.82 and 0.89, respectively. Conclusion The XGBoost model has the best classification efficiency in the identification of MPP from SPP in children, and the ROI with both consolidation and surrounding halo is most suitable for the delineation.
Performance of Advanced Oxidation Processes in Estrogen Removal: a Systematic Review
Authors: Cadena Estefanía , Díaz Jorge , Marriaga-Cabrales Nilson , Ramirez-Malule Howard
Published: March 2022

The presence of estrogens such as estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) in the aquatic environments, even in low concentrations, is an ambient concern that needs an appropriate degradation process in wastewater treatment plants. In this study, a systematic review was carried out to identify the most suitable advanced oxidation processes to remove E1, E2, E3 and EE2 from aqueous effluents. A performance parameter (γ) relating electrical consumption, treated volume and, both initial and final estrogen concentrations was proposed. The initial concentration of estrogen, the kind of water (residual or synthetic) and the pH of the system were the more relevant variables to remove those estrogens. Ozonation was the best treatment for estrogen removal due to the lower γ values as 2.95 102, 6.91 103 and 2.38 103 kWh g−1 for E1, E2 and EE2, respectively in wastewater and 9.40 10−2 kWh g−1 (E1) and 8.50 10−2 kWh g−1 (EE2) in synthetic water, all of them with removal higher than 99%. The operational cost estimated of ozonation was USD$ 23.1/1000 m3 for E1 and E2 treatment in wastewater.
Morphine-induced changes in the function of microglia and macrophages after spinal cord injury
Authors: Terminel Mabel N. , Bassil Carla , Rau Josephina , Trevino Amanda , Ruiz Cristina , Alaniz Robert , Hook Michelle A.
Published: March 2022

Background
Opioids are among the most effective and commonly prescribed analgesics for the treatment of acute pain after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, morphine administration in the early phase of SCI undermines locomotor recovery, increases cell death, and decreases overall health in a rodent contusion model. Based on our previous studies we hypothesize that morphine acts on classic opioid receptors to alter the immune response. Indeed, we found that a single dose of intrathecal morphine increases the expression of activated microglia and macrophages at the injury site. Whether similar effects of morphine would be seen with repeated intravenous administration, more closely simulating clinical treatment, is not known.
Methods
To address this, we used flow cytometry to examine changes in the temporal expression of microglia and macrophages after SCI and intravenous morphine. Next, we explored whether morphine changed the function of these cells through the engagement of cell-signaling pathways linked to neurotoxicity using western blot analysis.
Results
Our flow cytometry studies showed that 3 consecutive days of morphine administration after an SCI significantly increased the number of microglia and macrophages around the lesion. Using western blot analysis, we also found that repeated administration of morphine increases b-arrestin, ERK-1 and dynorphin (an endogenous kappa opioid receptor agonist) production by microglia and macrophages.
Conclusions
These results suggest that morphine administered immediately after an SCI changes the innate immune response by increasing the number of immune cells and altering neuropeptide synthesis by these cells.