bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qualitative evidence synthesis of values and preferences to inform infant feeding in the context of non-HIV transmission risk
Authors: Carroll Christopher , Booth Andrew , Campbell Fiona , Relton Clare
Published: December 2020

Background

Breastfeeding is recommended by many organisations, but feeding choices can take on complexity against a backdrop of a transmissible infection risk. The aim of this synthesis is to explore what is known about the values and preferences of pregnant women, mothers, family members and health practitioners, policy makers and providers (midwives) concerning feeding when there is a risk of Mother-to-Child transmission [MTCT] of an infectious disease (other than HIV/AIDS) to infants (0–2 years of age).

Methods

A qualitative evidence synthesis and GRADE CERQual assessment of relevant studies of values and preferences regarding infant feeding options in the context of non-HIV MTCT risk.

Results

The synthesis included eight qualitative studies. Four studies focussed on human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), three studies on Ebola, and one study on influenza vaccination. Mothers reported feeling sadness and guilt at not breastfeeding, while recognising that it was important for the health of their baby not to breastfeed. Mothers were reportedly appreciative of the provision of appropriate facilities, and the advice of those health professionals who knew about the diseases, but felt other professionals lacked knowledge about the transmission risk of conditions such as HTLV-1. All groups expressed concerns about social perceptions of not breastfeeding, as well as the alternatives. The evidence was coherent and relevant, but there were serious concerns about adequacy and methodological limitations, such as potential social desirability bias in some studies.

Conclusions

This synthesis describes the reported values and preferences of pregnant women, mothers, and others concerning feeding when there is a risk of Mother-to-Child transmission (MTCT) of an infectious disease (other than HIV/AIDS) to an infant when breastfeeding. However, the evidence in the peer-reviewed literature is limited both in quality and quantity.
What is the effect of changing eligibility criteria for disability benefits on employment? A systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence from OECD countries
Authors: McHale Philip , Pennington Andy , Mustard Cameron , Mahood Quenby , Andersen Ingelise , Jensen Natasja Koitzsch , Burström Bo , Thielen Karsten , Harber-Aschan Lisa , McAllister Ashley , Whitehead Margaret , Barr Ben
Published: December 2020

Background

Restrictions in the eligibility requirements for disability benefits have been introduced in many countries, on the assumption that this will increase work incentives for people with chronic illness and disabilities. Evidence to support this assumption is unclear, but there is a danger that removal of social protection without increased employment would increase the risk of poverty among disabled people. This paper presents a systematic review of the evidence on the employment effects of changes to eligibility criteria across OECD countries.

Methods

Systematic review of all empirical studies from OECD countries from 1990 to June 2018 investigating the effect of changes in eligibility requirements and income replacement level of disability benefits on the employment of disabled people. Studies were narratively synthesised, and meta-analysis was performed using meta-regression on all separate results. The systematic review protocol was registered with the Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (Registration code: PROSPERO 2018 CRD42018103930).

Results

Seventeen studies met inclusion criteria from seven countries. Eight investigated an expansion of eligibility criteria and nine a restriction. There were 36 separate results included from the 17 studies. Fourteen examined an expansion of eligibility; six found significantly reduced employment, eight no significant effect and one increased employment. Twenty-two results examined a restriction in eligibility for benefits; three found significantly increased employment, 18 no significant effect and one reduced employment. Meta-regression of all studies produced a relative risk of employment of 1.06 (95% CI 0.999 to 1.014; I2 77%).

Conclusions

There was no firm evidence that changes in eligibility affected employment of disabled people. Restricting eligibility therefore has the potential to lead to a growing number of people out of employment with health problems who are not eligible for adequate social protection, increasing their risk of poverty. Policymakers and researchers need to address the lack of robust evidence for assessing the employment impact of these types of welfare reforms as well as the potential wider poverty impacts.
Proactive prevention: Act now to disrupt the impending non-communicable disease crisis in low-burden populations
Authors: Njuguna Benson , Fletcher Sara L. , Akwanalo Constantine , Asante Kwaku Poku , Baumann Ana , Brown Angela , Davila-Roman Victor G. , Dickhaus Julia , Fort Meredith , Iwelunmor Juliet , Irazola Vilma , Mohan Sailesh , Mutabazi Vincent , Newsome Brad , Ogedegbe Olugbenga , Pastakia Sonak D. , Peprah Emmanuel K. , Plange-Rhule Jacob , Roth Gregory , Shrestha Archana , Watkins David A. , Vedanthan Rajesh
Published: December 2020

Non-communicable disease (NCD) prevention efforts have traditionally targeted high-risk and high-burden populations. We propose an alteration in prevention efforts to also include emphasis and focus on low-risk populations, predominantly younger individuals and low-prevalence populations. We refer to this approach as “proactive prevention.” This emphasis is based on the priority to put in place policies, programs, and infrastructure that can disrupt the epidemiological transition to develop NCDs among these groups, thereby averting future NCD crises. Proactive prevention strategies can be classified, and their implementation prioritized, based on a 2-dimensional assessment: impact and feasibility. Thus, potential interventions can be categorized into a 2-by-2 matrix: high impact/high feasibility, high impact/low feasibility, low impact/high feasibility, and low impact/low feasibility. We propose that high impact/high feasibility interventions are ready to be implemented (act), while high impact/low feasibility interventions require efforts to foster buy-in first. Low impact/high feasibility interventions need to be changed to improve their impact while low impact/low feasibility might be best re-designed in the context of limited resources. Using this framework, policy makers, public health experts, and other stakeholders can more effectively prioritize and leverage limited resources in an effort to slow or prevent the evolving global NCD crisis.
Retinal vascular metrics difference by comparison of two image acquisition modes using a novel OCT angiography prototype
Authors: Di Antonio Luca , Viggiano Pasquale , Ferro Giada , Toto Lisa , D’Aloisio Rossella , Porreca Annamaria , Di Nicola Marta , Mastropasqua Rodolfo
Published: December 2020

Purpose

To assess the different impact of two enface OCTA image simultaneously acquired by means of a new prototype of Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (SD-OCTA) on quantitative retinal vascular metrics.

Methods

In this prospective observational cross-sectional study 28 healthy subjects were enrolled. Macular (3x3 mm) OCTA images were acquired for all participants using Solix Fullrange OCT (Optovue Inc, Freemont CA, USA). The main outcome measurements were: Perfusion density (PD), vessel length density (VLD), and vessel diameter index (VDI) of both superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP), and choriocapillaris (CC) total flow-deficits area. Quantitative retinal vascular metrics were measured on binarized and skeletonized OCTA images by comparing not averaged and fast automated multiple averaged en face OCTA images.

Results

In both SCP and DCP, PD significantly increased (p = 0,005 and p = 0,030, respectively), and VLD significantly decreased (p<0,001 and p = 0,004, respectively), and VDI increased (p<0,001 and p = 0,068, respectively), and total CC flow deficits area significantly decreased (p<0,001) by averaging multiple OCTA images.

Conclusions

In this study, we found a significant difference of quantitative retinal metrics by comparing two different image acquisition modes using a novel and fully automated averaging OCTA system in young healthy subjects.
Metabolomics characterizes the metabolic changes of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos under different salt stresses
Authors: Cai Zhichen , Chen Huan , Chen Jiajia , Yang Rong , Zou Lisi , Wang Chengcheng , Chen Jiali , Tan Mengxia , Mei Yuqi , Wei Lifang , Yin Shengxin , Liu Xunhong
Published: December 2020

Salt stress affects the metabolic homeostasis of medicinal plants. However, medicinal plants are sessile organisms that cannot escape from salt stress. They acclimatize themselves to the stress by reprogramming their metabolic pathways. Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (LJF) with strong antioxidant activity is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine, tea, and beverage. Nevertheless, the variation of integrated metabolites in LJF under different salt stresses remains unclear. In this study, High Performance Liquid Chromatography tandem triple time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC- triple TOF-MS/MS) coupled with multivariate statistical analysis was applied to comparatively investigate the metabolites changes in LJF under different salt stress (0, 100, 200, 300 mM NaCl). Total 47 differential metabolites were screened from 79 metabolites identified in LJF under different salt stress. Low salt-treated group (100 mM NaCl) appeared to be the best group in terms of relative contents (peak areas) of the wide variety in bioactive components. Additionally, the phenylpropanoid pathway, monoterpenoid biosynthesis, glycolysis, TCA cycle, and alkaloid biosynthesis were disturbed in all salt-stress LJF. The results showed that LJF metabolisms were dramatically induced under salt stress and the quality of LJF was better under low salt stress. The study provides novel insights into the quality assessment of LJF under salt stress and a beneficial framework of knowledge applied to improvement the medicinal value of LJF.
Case study of Argus in Togo: An SMS and web-based application to support public health surveillance, results from 2016 to 2019
Authors: Guerra José , Davi Kokou Mawule , Rafael Florentina Chipuila , Assane Hamadi , Imboua Lucile , Diallo Fatoumata Binta Tidiane , Tamekloe Tsidi Agbeko , Kuassi Aklagba Kuawo , Ouro-kavalah Farihétou , Tchaniley Ganiou , Ouro-Nile Nassirou , Nabeth Pierre
Published: December 2020

Introduction

Argus is an open source electronic solution to facilitate the reporting and management of public health surveillance data. Its components include an Android-phone application, used by healthcare facilities to report results via SMS; and a central server located at the Ministry of Health, displaying aggregated results on a web platform for intermediate and central levels. This study describes the results of the use of Argus in two regions of Togo.

Methods

Argus was used in 148 healthcare facilities from May 2016 to July 2018, expanding to 185 healthcare facilities from July 2018. Data from week 21 of 2016 to week 12 of 2019 was extracted from the Argus database and analysed. An assessment mission took place in August 2016 to collect users’ satisfaction, to estimate the concordance of the received data with the collected data, and to estimate the time required to report data with Argus.

Results

Overall completeness of data reporting was 76%, with 80% of reports from a given week being received before Tuesday 9PM. Concordance of data received from Argus and standard paper forms was 99.7%. Median time needed to send a report using Argus was 4 minutes. Overall completeness of data review at district, regional, and central levels were 89%, 68%, and 35% respectively. Implementation cost of Argus was 23 760 USD for 148 facilities.

Conclusions

The use of Argus in Togo enabled healthcare facilities to send weekly reports and alerts through SMS in a user-friendly, reliable and timely manner. Reengagement of surveillance officers at all levels, especially at the central level, enabled a dramatic increase in completeness and timeliness of data report and data review.
Documentary subversions and migrant agency: Towards an alternative audio-visual portrait of immigrant communities in the United States
Authors: Limón Serrano Nieves , Moya Jorge Tamara
Published: December 2020

The movement of people across different countries has been a constant in the history of human civilization. This has been attested to by the so-called ‘mobility turn’ in the social sciences. One of the most important recent instances of such a movement has been the mass migration of diverse communities to the United States. This migratory transit has been portrayed in numerous ways in different media. Among these, documentary films have played a crucial role in their approach to these migrant flows. In both, traditional forms and new web platforms, we find multiple examples of non-fiction that focus on portraying these communities. This article focuses on one of these platforms: Immigrant Nation Media. By highlighting the resistance practices the platform offers, this analysis focuses on its collaborative and educational dimensions, as well as its dedication to migrant empowerment.
‘See your spaceport’: Project Apollo and the origins of Kennedy Space Center tourism, 1963–67
Authors: Margolis Emily A.
Published: December 2020

This article argues that the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) deployed tourism as a key public relations strategy during preparations for Project Apollo. NASA appropriations hearings in 1963 catalysed a national debate over the tangible benefits and costs of sending Americans to the moon. American ambivalence towards the effort alarmed Democratic Representative Olin E. Teague of Texas, chairman of the powerful House Subcommittee on Manned Spaceflight, who understood the correlation between public opinion and congressional appropriations. Inspired by the crowds that congregated on the beaches outside Florida’s John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) for each crewed space launch, Teague proposed a tourism programme to encourage public support for NASA’s objectives. Public affairs officers facilitated these programmes at KSC, beginning with a modest information trailer in 1964 and culminating in a Visitor Information Center in 1967 that included an exhibition hall, outdoor displays and depot facilitating escorted bus tours. The space centre quickly became a popular attraction: however, a culture of racial discrimination and intimidation in Brevard County deterred African Americans from participating in space centre tourism. Public programming at KSC – an important legacy of Project Apollo that continues today – was not the panacea Teague and NASA hoped it would be.
The Philosophy of Expressive Arts Therapy: Poiesis and the Therapeutic Imagination, Stephen K. Levine (2019)
Authors: Solarska Dorota K.
Published: December 2020

Review of: The Philosophy of Expressive Arts Therapy: Poiesis and the Therapeutic Imagination, Stephen K. Levine (2019)

London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 176 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-78775-005-0, p/bk, £22.99
Radio studies beyond broadcasting: Towards an intermedia and inter-technological radio history
Authors: Rikitianskaia Maria , Balbi Gabriele
Published: December 2020

Examining radio development over a long time span from the late nineteenth to the early twenty-first century, in this article, we claim that radio history is broader than the history of broadcasting only. We suggest looking at radio history through the perspective of intermediality and inter-technology, drawing on five different examples: radiography, radiotelegraphy/radiotelephony, radar and satellites, radiomobile/mobile phones with regard to radio spectrum and packet radio networks, such as Wi-Fi. We demonstrate how and why these (and other) technologies should be considered parts of radio studies even though they do not represent classic examples of radio broadcasting. Overall, this intermedia and inter-technological perspective on radio history offers new ways of rethinking and reformulating the confines of radio studies, as well as contributes to a greater field of media studies.
Afetos transitórios: Romances realistas e utopias homonormati-vas no cinema queer contemporâneo
Authors: Silva Daniel Oliveira
Published: December 2020

A partir de um trabalho de revisão bibliográfica, o artigo analisa o cinema queer contemporâneo, identificando características recorrentes em produções protagonizadas e/ou realizadas por sujeitos LGBTQIA+ na última década. O ponto de partida são autores que, inspirados pelo trabalho da crítica norte-americana B. Ruby Rich ao caracterizar o Novo Cinema Queer nos anos 1990, propõem-se a identificar quais aspectos políticos e estéticos se destacam na filmografia queer atual – e de que maneira eles refletem o presente momento da população LGBTQIA+. No diálogo entre as teorias investigadas, percebe-se como, por meio da reincidência da abordagem realista e de narrativas de frustração romântica, filmes como Weekend e Fim de Século refletem sobre homonormatividade, privilégio e modos de existência queer hoje. Ao destacarem esses paralelos e características em comum, os autores revelam como a produção contemporânea reforma referências do Novo Cinema Queer – e qual conceito de cinema queer ela elabora ao fazer isso.
IDENTIFICATION OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR LEADING COMMODITIES IN MAGELANG DISTRICT
Authors: Paramartha Danta , Mukson Mukson , Kristanto Budi Adi
Published: December 2020

Determination of leading commodities is needed to know the potential and prospective commodities that can be developed in an area. Leading commodities are expected to provide greater revenue compared to other commodities. This study aims to determine the leading agricultural subsector that has the potential to be developed as a driver of the economy in Magelang District. and analyze the trends in the growth patterns of subsector and leading agricultural commodities in the district. The method used in this study is descriptive method. The data used is time series data, namely secondary data from the GRDP of Magelang and Central Java Provinces in 2013-2017 and data on the amount of agricultural commodity production over a 7-year period (2011-2017). Data analysis tools used are Analysis of Location Quotient (LQ), Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), and Klassen Typology Analysis.The results of the study shows that, horticultural plants, livestock, forestry and natural resources are base / leading subsectors of agricultural sector in Magelang District. The pattern and structure of the growth of the food crop subsector is among those that are rapidly developing, while the horticulture and livestock are among the advanced but depressed subsectors and the most advanced and fast growing food crops are sweet potatoes. On the other hand, the fast-growing group of horticultural commodities of vegetables are cabbage, cayenne pepper, tomatoes, cauliflower, cucumber, scallion, and carrots, whereas horticultural commodities in advanced and fast-growing fruit groups are rambutan and salak. In addition, the rapidly growing livestock commodities are cows, buffaloes, pigs, native chickens, and ducks. Finally the advanced but depressed commodities are goats and broilers.
Perilaku Membuang Sampah Makanan dan Pengelolaan Sampah Makanan di Berbagai Negara: Review
Authors: Chaerul Mochammad , Zatadini Sharfina Ulfa
Published: December 2020

Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, sampah makanan mejadi salah satu isu global. Peningkatan timbulan sampah makanan dapat menimbulkan masalah bagi rantai penyediaan makanan dan pelestarian lingkungan secara global di masa mendatang. Sampah makanan dapat dihasilkan pada semua tahap rantai pasokan makanan. Salahsatu kontributor utama dalam peningkatan timbulan sampah makanan di suatu wilayah adalah sektor rumahtangga. Tujuan studi ini untuk memberikan suatu tinjauan terhadap berbagai studi tentang food waste behavior, yaitu perilaku seseorang terkait sampah makanan dan konsep pengelolaan sampah makanan pada sektor rumah tangga yang dapat diterapkan di Indonesia berdasarkan implementasi pengelolaan sampah makanan di beberapa Negara. Selain dari berbagai macam laporan terkait pengelolaan sampah makanan di berbagai Negara, studi ini juga mereview paper ilmiah yang telah dipublikasikan di berbagai jurnal internasional. Pendekatan psikologi termasuk perilaku, keadaan sosio-demografi, dan rutinitas dan praktik terkait perencanaan makanan diidentifikasi ke dalam faktor yang mempengaruhi peningkatan timbulan sampah makanan. Selanjutnya, dapat ditentukan strategi pencegahan dan pengurangan sampah makanan dari faktor yang telah teridentifikasi diatas. Beberapa Negara telah mencoba melakukan pengelolaan sampah makanan secara terpadu dalam suatu sistem pengelolaan sampah skala Kota dimana kunci keberhasilannya adalah dilakukannya pemilahan sampah makanan yang lebih baik mulai di sumber untuk lebih memaksimalkan potensi pemanfaatannya di tahapan penanganan selanjutnya. Konsep yang serupa dapat pula diaplikasikan untuk kondisi Indonesia, terlebih dengan mempertimbangkan proporsi sampah makanan yang cukup signifikan ditemui dalam aliran sampah di area perkotaan.
Maritime endangered archaeology of the Middle East and North Africa: the MarEA project
Authors: Andreou Georgia , Blue Lucy , Breen Colin , El Safadi Crystal , Huigens Harmen Otto , Nikolaus Julia , Ortiz-Vazquez Rodrigo , Westley Kieran
Published: December 2020

The ‘Maritime Endangered Archaeology’ (MarEA) project is conducting remote, large-scale identification and assessment of vulnerable maritime heritage to assist in its management in the face of challenges such as climate change and rapid urbanisation.
CXCL12 and its receptors regulate granulosa cell apoptosis in PCOS rats and human KGN tumor cells
Authors: Jin Ling , Ren Liang , Lu Jing , Wen Xue , Zhuang Siying , Geng Ting , Zhang Yuanzhen
Published: December 2020

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation; its etiology is still undefined. This study investigated the expression of CXCL12, CXCR4, and CXCR7 in PCOS rats and their role in regulation of apoptosis. To accomplish this, we established an in vivo PCOS rat model and studied KGN cells (human ovarian granulosa cell line) in vitro. In PCOS rats, the ovarian expression of CXCL12, CXCR4, and CXCR7 was reduced, and the apoptosis rate of granulosa cells was increased, accompanied by decreased expression of BCL2 and increased expression of BAX and cleaved CASPASE3 (CASP3). We further showed that recombinant human CXCL12 treatment upregulated BCL2, downregulated BAX, and cleaved CASP3 in KGN cells to inhibit their apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner; moreover, the effect of CXCL12 was weakened by CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 and anti-CXCR7 neutralizing antibody. In conclusion, PCOS rats showed decreased CXCL12, CXCR4, and CXCR7 expression and increased apoptosis rate of ovarian granulosa cells. Further, in human KGN cells, CXCL12 regulated the expression of BAX, BCL2, and cleaved CASP3 to inhibit apoptosis through CXCR4- and CXCR7-mediated signal transmission. These findings may provide a theoretical and practical basis for illuminating the role of proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
Metales pesados en tres variedades de Solanum tuberosum L. (papa) expendidos en el mercado mayorista de Santa Anita (Lima-Perú)
Authors: López D. Leavit K. , García O. Mesías M. , Madueño V. Frescia M. , Bautista C. Nelson , Marín V. Gloria M. , Olórtegui C. Denisse S.
Published: December 2020

Los alimentos vegetales son contaminados con metales pesados por diferentes vías, constituyendo un riesgo para la salud del consumidor. En este estudio se realizó la cuantificación de los metales pesados: cadmio (Cd), plomo (Pb), mercurio (Hg) y arsénico (As) en tubérculos frescos de tres variedades de Solanum tuberosum L. (papa): canchán, huayro y amarilla. Las muestras se recolectaron al azar de 15 puestos del mercado mayorista de Santa Anita, provincia de Lima (Lima – Perú), todos provenientes de la provincia de Ambo, departamento de Huánuco (Perú); de cada variedad se recolectó 15 muestras teniendo un total de 45 muestras. Para la cuantificación de Cd y Pb se utilizó el método de Espectrometría de Masas de Plasma Acoplado Inductivamente (ICP-MS) y para Hg y As se utilizó la Espectrometría de Fluorescencia Atómica (AFS). La concentración de Hg varió de 0,0983 a 0,2594 mg/Kg; Cd de 0,0073 a 0,0287 mg/Kg; Pb de 0,0600 a 0,1018 mg/Kg y As de 0,0003 a 0,0004 mg/Kg. La concentración de Hg en las tres variedades superó ampliamente el límite máximo permitido (LMP) por la Unión Europea (0,02 mg/Kg), por lo que, constituye un alto riesgo para el consumidor. Las concentraciones de Cd y As en las tres variedades se encontraron por debajo del LMP por Codex Alimentarius y Mercosur; asimismo, el Pb en las variedades canchán y huayro se encontraron por debajo del LMP (0,1 mg/Kg); sin embargo, en la variedad amarilla se encontró un valor ligeramente superior al LMP.
Antioxidant Potential of Glycyrrhiza Glabra L. Roots: In-Vitro Evidences
Authors:   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India, Singh Varinder , umar Amit ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab-140401, India
Published: December 2020

Background: The study was aimed to determine the mechanism of antioxidant effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (GG) roots using in-vitro assays. Methods: The various extracts of GG roots were prepared and evaluated for DPPH scavenging, reducing effects and nitric oxide inhibiting activities. Prepared extracts were screened for the presence of various phytochemicals and quantified on the basis of phytochemical present therein. Results: The results showed that all the prepared extracts contained phenolic compounds. Also, extract showed appreciable antioxidant effects in all three assays employed. However, among prepared extracts, ethylacetate extract was found to have strong free radical inhibition, ferric reducing potential and nitric oxide inhibitory effects. The reason for high antioxidant activity in ethylacetate extract could be attributed to the significant amount of phenol compounds present in it. Conclusion: Evidently, GG’s capacity to scavenge free radicals, reducing potential and inhibit nitric oxide contributes to its antioxidant effects and thus, could be a strong candidate for developing antioxidant based drug therapy.
Understanding and Managing Adolescents with Conversion and Functional Disorders
Authors: Sunde Kiri E. , Hilliker Daniel R. , Fischer Philip R.
Published: December 2020

A functional disorder is a constellation of bothersome physical symptoms that compromise regular function but for which there is no identifiable organic or psychiatric pathology. Functional disorders can present with various symptoms. Common forms of functional disorders include functional neurologic symptom disorder (also referred to as “conversion disorder”), functional gastrointestinal disorders, chronic pain syndromes, and chronic fatigue. One-third to one-half of outpatient consultations in many practices are due to functional disorders. Functional disorders must be distinguished from structural and psychiatric disorders but should not be considered diagnoses of exclusion. Recovery is facilitated by good relationships between patients and practitioners, with good explanations of the pathophysiology of functional disorders and effective encouragement and education of patients.
Perceived impacts of company Workplace Health Promotion on employment relationship
Authors: Fehér János , Reich Matthias
Published: December 2020

Workplace Health Promotion (WHP) as part of Workplace Health Management (WHM) is an emerging function within organizational HRM. Research has investigated the economic feasibility of WHM by examining health-related productivity losses and presenteeism but has also shown connections of WHM and employee reactions, i. a. happiness, confidence, job satisfaction, and perceptions of being cared for by employers. The goal of this paper is to examine possible impacts of WHM, and especially WHP on certain motivational and emotional aspects of the employment relationship, namely the perceived attractiveness of the employer, and perceived impacts of WHM/WHP on emotional atmosphere, work motivation, commitment of the employees, and the number of voluntary quits.
Influence of silicone mammoplasty on the immunoendocrine status of female recipients
Authors: Zolotykh V. G. , Gvozdetsky A. N. , Kim A. Ya. , Lapin S. V. , Mikhailova L. R. , Starovoitova E. M. , Fedotkina T. V. , Churilov L. P. , Schoenfeld Ye. , Yablonsky P. K.
Published: December 2020

The article concerns a study of early influence of silicone breast implants on the development of autoimmune reactions and dynamics of prolactin and thyroid hormone levels in women after mammoplasty. At the present time, this issue remains relevant for several reasons: more than 20 million pairs of implants have been installed in the world and the number of their implantations is constantly growing. Despite relative safety of the silicone implants, some of them are periodically banned by regulatory bodies in various countries. At the same time, there is a growing number of controversial publications in the scientific literature, about potential adverse consequences of their use. Some authors suggest an association between the silicone implants and risk of developing autoimmune conditions, connective tissue disorders, and occasional malignancies. On the other hand, the journals are full of publications about the overall safe tolerance of such medical devices by the patients. These considerations served as a pre-requisite to our research. As part of this project, we have assayed serum levels of autoantibodies to ten antigens, as well as contents of prolactin and thyroid hormones by means of ELISA technique in 27 patients before, 3 and 6 months after aesthetic and reconstructive mammoplastics performed within a period of September 2018 to November 2019. As a result, it was found that 5 out of 27 patients exhibited changes in the autoimmunity spectrum and intensity after mammoplasty. In particular, the concentrations of autoantibodies to modified citrullinated vimentin and IgM autoantibodies to cardiolipin exceeded the normal level at 3 and 6 months. In addition, the initially high prolactin concentration in mammoplasty recipients dropped to normal ranges by 3 months after breast surgery, even after several-fold increased initial levels. As for thyroid hormones, there were no statistically significant changes in their dynamics. The increase of autoantibodies to various target antigens after mammoplasty was statistically significant and positively correlated with each other. This can be explained, for example, by dependence on the adjuvant effect of silicone, which is not associated with antigen specificity. However, it may generally stimulate the immune responses.
Proven and less studied hematopoietic and vasoactive growth factors in retinal capillary hemangioma
Authors: Neroev V. V. , Balatskaya N. V. , Novikova A. Yu. , Ryabina M. V. , Ilyukhin P. A.
Published: December 2020

Pathogenesis of retinal capillary hemangioma has not been sufficiently studied at the present time. Therefore, the study of cytokine levels in biological fluids seems to be very relevant in order to increase knowledge about the mechanisms of the disease development and searching for targeted therapies. The content of hematopoietic and vasoactive growth factors in blood serum, lacrimal fluid, and vitreous body was studied in patients with retinal capillary hemangioma. A total of 26 patients with retinal angiomatosis were examined. The samples of blood serum (n = 23) and lacrimal fluid (n = 10) from practically healthy people aged 22 to 46 (27.4±1.4 years) were used as a control. To perform comparative assessment of cytokine concentrations in the vitreous body of patients with retinal capillary hemangioma, were used samples of the vitreous body from 6 patients (average age 33±4.7 years; from 21 to 49 years) with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. To measure the cytokine concentrations, we applied multiplex analysis technique using the xMAP platform with LuminexxPONENT 3.1 program and ProcartaPlex sets (eBioscience, Austria). A detailed characteristic of vasoactive factors in capillary retinal hemangioma was obtained as a result of this work. Some disorders in chemokine regulation were identified. There was a significant increase in serum concentrations of three vasoactive factors, i.e., PDGF-BB, HGF, and PIGF-1, with a decrease in chemokines (MCP-1, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β). The frequencies of PIGF-1 and MIP-1α detection also significantly differed from the control group. SCF was significantly more often determined in patients with retinal angiomatosis only at the systemic level. Correlations between PDGF-BB and PIGF-1, as well as PIGF-1 and MIP-1β were shown. A significant increase in VEGF-A, HGF, VEGF-D, as well as MCP-1 concentrations was shown in the lacrimal fluid. The inversion of PDGF-BB concentrations in serum and lacrimal fluid was noted. Analysis of intraocular cytokine levels revealed a significant increase in VEGF-A and HGF concentrations, with marked decrease in MIP-1α and MIP-1β. PDGF-BB in 100% of cases was determined only in vitreous body of patients with retinal angiomatosis. With respect to the revealed characteristic shifts of HGF/SF intraocular production in retinal capillary hemangioma, it seems relevant to search ways for its inhibition, thus providing potential basis for a new therapeutic strategy in treatment of retinal angiomatosis.
Gender disparities in poverty among smallholder livestock farmers in South Africa
Authors: Maziya M. , Tirivanhu P. , Kajombo R.J. , Gumede N.A.
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT This paper analyses gender disparities in poverty and the determinants of poverty among smallholder communal livestock farmers across five provinces in South Africa. A combination of multi-stage and stratified sampling techniques were used to select 591 farmers across the provinces. The Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) poverty indices were used to determine the extent and severity of poverty among smallholder livestock farmers. The results of the FGT analysis revealed that poverty is prevalent among smallholder livestock farmers but more pronounced among female-headed households. A binary logit regression was used to determine the predictors of poverty among communal livestock owners. Factors such as level of education, gender of household head, access to markets and extension services reduce the probability of a household becoming poor. Conversely, factors such as household size and access to credit had a negative effect on household well-being. These results highlight the importance of strengthening institutions (extension, livestock farmer organisations and markets) to improve smallholder livestock systems. Further, the study recommends that agricultural extension services should integrate gender mainstreaming in interventions that target smallholder communal livestock farmers, and that rural development projects should focus on interventions that aim at diversifying farm income. Keywords: Binary logit, FGT poverty ind
DNA extraction and Nanopore library prep from 15-30 whole flies v1
Authors: Y Kim Bernard , E. Miller Danny , Wang Jeremy
Published: December 2020

We have been assembling the genomes of many Drosophila species. With that in mind, we developed this protocol to keep the cost of sequencing down to <$500 per assembly while maintaining a decent number of very long reads. Using these guidelines, a typical Drosophila Nanopore sequencing run should have read N50 of 20-40kbp with 5-15% of data in reads >100kbp. Sequencing is halted at about 40-50X depth of coverage (8-10 Gbp for most species). This of course depends on the quality of the sample, quality and quantity of the prepared library, and the frequency at which the flow cell is flushed and reloaded. We typically run 3-4 species per 2 flow cells, usually for ~14-18 Gbp of data per flow cell. This protocol borrows several elements from John Tyson's "Rocky Mountain" protocol and we thank him for several insightful discussions. https://www.protocols.io/view/rocky-mountain-adventures-in-genomic-dna-sample-pr-7euhjew
EFFECTS OF SOWING DATE AND GENOTYPE ON OIL CONTENT AND MAIN FATTY ACID COMPOSITION IN CAMELINA [Camelina sativa L. (Crantz)]
Authors: KURT Orhan , GÖRE Merve
Published: December 2020

The objective of the research was to determine the effects of genotype and sowing date on oil content and composition of the main fatty acids of spring-seeded camelina. Depending on the sowing time, the change of oil content and main fatty acids such as palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic eicosenoic and erusic acid content is 26.65-33.65%, 6.04-7.08%, 2.04-3.15%, 16.63-18.84%, 24.51-25.16%, 29.57-31.69%, 14.30-15.04% and 1.10-1.86%, respectively. When the sowing time is delayed; oil content, stearic, linoleic, linolenic and erusic acid content decreased in contrast palmitic, oleic and eicosenoic acid content increased. The effect of sowing time on genotypes is important in terms of the evaluated characters. The PI-650142 genotype is more tolerant than PI-304269 genotype against the effects of environmental factors. Consequently, in case of delay of sowing time, it is extremely important to perform timely sowing, considering the changes in both oil content and fatty acids compositions. In case of delayed sowing for any reason, varieties that can tolerate the effects that may arise due to delay should be preferred. Thus, the losses that may arise can be reduced, albeit partially.
Methods For Calculating Radio Holograms Of Volumetric Objects
Authors:   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Fryazino branch, Golunov Valery A. , Korotkov Vadim A. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Fryazino branch
Published: December 2020

A method for calculating holograms for volumetric objects based on the representation of objects in the form of ensembles of virtual point sources distributed on a set of parallel planes has been proposed. The proposed method is the development of the well-known method in which objects are represented as ensemble of real point scatterers. The possibilities of the proposed method are demonstrated by calculating a hologram of a fragment of a sphere, on which 1000 points are randomly selected, at which radiation emanating from the center of the sphere is scattered. The choice of a fragment of a sphere as an object under study is due to the fact that when calculating its hologram, phase errors inherent in approximate calculations are most pronounced. The calculations were performed for the frequency range of 2...100 GHz, the sphere radius of 0.5 m, a two-dimensional hologram size of 0.65×0.65 m, and a pixel count of 512×512. It is shown that, in comparison with the known method, the proposed method makes it possible to calculate the amplitude of a hologram with satisfactory accuracy if virtual sources are placed on parallel planes in an amount of more than 64 pieces. In the case of objects that require representation in the form of an ensemble of point scatterers in the amount of more than 1000 pieces, the calculation of their holograms by the proposed method turns out to be much more efficient than the known method.
Seri 82 × B35 Ekmeklik Buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) Melez Popülasyonunda F4 Bireylerinin Fonksiyonel DNA Markörleri İle Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KOÇYİĞİT Bilge Kübra , YÜCE İlker , BAŞKONUŞ Tuğba , DOKUYUCU Tevrican , AKKAYA Aydın , DUMLUPINAR Ziya
Published: December 2020

Buğday üretiminde yaygın olarak görülen sarı pas hastalığı önemli verim kayıplarına yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, sarı pasa dayanıklı B35 yerel ekmeklik buğday genotipi ile hassas olan Seri 82 çeşidinin melezlenmesi sonucunda elde edilen F4 bitkileri ve ebeveynler kullanılmıştır. Genotipler gluten mukavemeti (Glu-B1), vernalizasyon (Vrn-A1), bodurluk (Rht8, uzun Rht-B1a & Rht-D1a ve kısa RhtB1b &Rht-D1b), yüksek protein oranı (Gpc-B1), dane sertliği, sarı pas (Yr51), kara pas (Sr49), çavdar translokasyonu ve mumsuluk (Wx-A1) özelliklerine ait allel spesifik markörler ile karakterize edilmiştir. Buğday genotiplerinde 16 DNA marköründen 39 adet polimorfik bant elde edilmiş, ortalama allel sayısı 2.4, ortalama polimorfizm bilgi içeriği (PIC) değeri 0.52 olarak tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek bant sayısı (6) VRN1AF marköründe, en düşük bant sayısı (1) Sun104 ve UHW89 markörlerinde elde edilmiştir. Sarı pasa dayanıklılık geni Yr51 (Sun104 markörü) Seri 82×B35-1 ve 5, kara pasa dayanıklılık geni Sr49 (Sun479 markörü) Seri 82×B35-1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ve 6, (Sun209 markörü) Seri 82 ve B35, bodurluk genleri RhtB1b (BF-MR1 markörü) Seri 82×B35-1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ve 6, Rht-D1a (DF2-WR2 markörü) Seri 82×B35-2, 3, 4 ve 6, Rht8 (WMS261 markörü) Seri 82×B35-2, 3, 4 ve 6, çavdar translokasyon genleri (NOR markörü) Seri 82×B35-2, 3 ve 4, (RIS markörü) Seri 82, B35, Seri 82×B35-1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ve 6 genotiplerinde tespit edilmiştir. DNA markörlerine göre yapılmış olan dendrogram, ebevynlerin F4 bireylerine benzerliğinin % 54 oranında olduğunu, Seri 82×B35-3 ve 4 genotiplerinin % 95 oranıyla birbirine en benzer genotipler olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
Technologies for Integrated Processing of Solid Municipal Waste
Authors: Glagolev S.N. , Shein N.T. , Sevostianov V.S. , Obolonsky V.V. , Shamgulov R.Yu.
Published: December 2020

Experimental-industrial tests of thermoreactor with a spiral conveying body of combined action were carried out and results were obtained for creation of technology for low-temperature thermolysis of “MSW tails”. A technology has been developed for integrated processing at individual technological stages with the receipt of various types of commercial products and with minimization of the disposal of MSW’s “tails” to the landfill. Recommendations for the use of complex MSW processing with the application of low-temperature thermolysis.
Suspicious Activity Detection of Twitter and Facebook using Sentimental Analysis
Authors: Al Mansoori Saeed , Almansoori Afrah , Alshamsi Mohammed , A. Salloum Said , Shaalan Khaled
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the criminal behavior on the social media platforms and to classify the gathered data effectively as negative, positive, or neutral in order to identify a suspect. In this study, data was collected from two platforms, Twitter and Facebook, resulting in the creation of two datasets. The following findings have been pointed out from this study: Initially, VADER twitter sentimental analysis showed that out of 5000 tweets 50.8% people shared a neutral opinion, 39.2% shared negative opinion and only 9.9% showed positive opinion. Secondly, on Facebook, the majority of people showed a neutral response which is 55.6%, 38.9% shared positive response and only 5.6% shared negative opinion. Thirdly, the score of sentiments and engagement in every post affects the intensities of sentiments.
Satisfacción laboral, salud mental y burnout. Análisis de mediación parcial en una muestra de conductores del Ecuador
Authors: Gavilanes-Gavilanes Jazmina , Moreta-Herrera Rodrigo
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Determinar el rol mediador que presenta la Salud Mental en la relación entre la Satisfacción Laboral y el Burnout en transportistas de carga extrapesada del cantón Salcedo, Ecuador. Metodología: La investigación fue explicativa, de mediación por medio de ecuaciones estructurales y de corte transversal por medio del uso del Maslach Burnout Inventory, el Cuestionario de Salud General de Goldberg y la Escala de Satisfacción Laboral S20/23. Muestra: Participaron 152 conductores de carga extrapesada de 11 compañías de transporte. La edad media fue de 44.5 años (DE = 10.9). Resultados: El nivel de Satisfacción Laboral fue moderada y se encontró presencia de Burnout, así como de síntomas psicológicos entre los choferes evaluados. La Satisfacción Laboral y la Salud Mental se relacionaron con el Burnout y estos predijeron en un 41.7% los cambios en la varianza. Además, la Salud Mental ejerce una función de mediación parcial entre la Satisfacción y el Burnout (c = -.43; p < .001 [c’= -.276; p > .01]). Conclusión: La Salud Mental permite explicar parcialmente el mecanismo que subyace en la relación entre Satisfacción Laboral y Burnout.
An analysis of TIMSS 2015 science reading demands
Authors: Van Staden Surette , Graham Marien , Harvey Jaqueline
Published: December 2020

This study investigated the reading demands of restricted-use items administered to South African grade 9 learners as part of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2015. The method proposed by Mullis, Martin and Foy (2013) was used to categorise items into low, medium and high readability groups. The ‘knowing’ domain contained mostly low readability items; the ‘applying’ domain was almost equally medium and high readability items; with the ‘reasoning’ domain containing mostly high readability items. Results show significant differences between the percentage of correct answers between the low and high categories and between the medium and high categories. However, the impact of reading demand on performance cannot be fully analysed without cross-reference to English proficiency. Nevertheless, the higher the readability, the greater the chance is for learners to answer incorrectly. A continued expected low performance for most South African learners is implied.
The use of interactive whiteboards in urban Gauteng classrooms
Authors: Mihai Maryke Anneke
Published: December 2020

There are teachers that have technology in their classrooms that is underutilised or not used at all because of factors like technical problems, lack of training or support or teachers’ negative attitudes. This study wanted to determine the impact of the use of interactive whiteboards (IWBs) in primary and secondary urban classrooms in Pretoria, Gauteng. Interactive whiteboards are one of the technologies that are most commonly used in education worldwide. Technology has taken over our lives and it is becoming more necessary for upcoming generations to become technologically proficient. The overall purpose of the study was to determine the external factors, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, the attitudes of educators and learners towards technology, the behavioural intention to use the technology and the actual use of the technology according to the technology acceptance model (TAM).

This was a qualitative case study and the researcher collected data from three secondary and six primary schools in Gauteng. She sent questionnaires to the schools and obtained answers from 30 secondary school and 99 primary school teachers. It was determined that more primary school teachers use the IWBs than secondary school teachers and they also use it more effectively. Most of the teachers find the IWBs easy to use and integrate the technology in their lessons. Teachers also indicated that the IWBs are very useful for saving their work, it helps them make lessons more interactive, visual and interesting and that the use of the technology motivates learners to participate.