bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Continuous Cold Flow Device Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: Myths and Reality
Authors: Coviello Michele , Abate Antonella , Ippolito Francesco , Nappi Vittorio , Maddalena Roberto , Maccagnano Giuseppe , Noia Giovanni , Caiaffa Vincenzo
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives: To assess the effect of continuous cold flow (CCF) therapy on pain reduction, opioid consumption, fast recovery, less perioperative bleeding and patient satisfaction in patients undergoing a total knee arthroplasty. Materials and Methods: Patients affected by knee osteoarthritis between September 2020 and February 2022 were enrolled in this case-control study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups (n = 50, each): the study group received postoperative CCF therapy while the control group was treated by cold pack (gel ice). The CCF device is a computer-assisted therapy with continuous cold fluid, allowing a selective distribution, constant and uniform, of cold or hot on the areas to be treated. In both groups, pre- and postoperative evaluations at 6, 24, 72 h and at the fifth day were conducted using Visual Analogic Scale (VAS), opioid consumption, passive range of motion, preoperative hematocrit, total blood loss by Gross formula, transfusion requirement and patient satisfaction questionnaire. Results: One hundred patients, 52 women (52%), were included in the study. Reduction of pain, opioid consumption and increase in passive range of movement were statistically significantly demonstrated in the study group on the first and third days. Patients were satisfied with adequate postoperative pain management due to CCF therapy (p = 0.01) and they would recommend this treatment to others (p = 0.01). Conclusions: A continuous cold flow device in the acute postoperative setting after total knee arthroplasty is associated with pain reduction and improving early movement. Patients were almost satisfied with the procedure. The management of perioperative pain control could improve participation in the early rehabilitation program as demonstrated by the increase in ROM, psychological satisfaction and reduction in opioid use.
Stroke Scales as Assessment Tools in Emergency Settings: A Narrative Review
Authors: Budinčević Hrvoje , Meštrović Andrija , Demarin Vida
Published: October 2022

In the last 20 years, substantial improvements have been made in stroke recanalization treatment. Good outcomes after modern reperfusion treatment require the rapid and accurate identification of stroke patients. Several stroke rating scales are available or have been proposed for the early recognition of stroke and the evaluation of stroke severity and outcome. This review aims to provide an overview of commonly used stroke scales in emergency and clinical settings. The most commonly used scale in a prehospital setting for stroke recognition is the Face, Arms, Speech, Time (FAST) test. Among many prehospital stroke scales, the Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen has the highest sensitivity and specificity for confirming stroke diagnosis. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is the most recommended tool for the evaluation of stroke patients in hospital settings and research, and it has two variants: the shortened NIHSS for Emergency Medical Service and the modified NIHSS. The evaluation of comatose patients usually involves assessment with the Glasgow Coma Scale, which is very useful in patients with hemorrhagic stroke or traumatic brain injury. In patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage, the outcome is usually accessed with the Hunt and Hess scale. A commonly used tool for stroke outcome evaluation in clinical/hospital settings and research is the modified Rankin scale. The tools for disability evaluation are the Barthel Index and Functional Independence Measure.
Mapping Floristic Composition Using Sentinel-2A and a Case Study Evaluation of Its Application in Elephant Movement Ecology in Sagalla, Kenya
Authors: Mugo Gloria , Tiller Lydia , King Lucy
Published: October 2022

The quantification of vegetation structure and composition at local and global scales provides valuable information for understanding the balance of the natural and human-made environment, which is crucial for natural resource planning and management, and the sustenance of ecosystem biodiversity. In this study, we proposed using the Sentinel 2A imagery to classify vegetation cover into communities based on the floristic association of individual vegetation species. We apply traditional remote sensing techniques to process the satellite image and identify training regions of interest (ROI) which are thoroughly assessed for spectral uniqueness before using the pixel-based supervised classification algorithms for our classification. Ground truthing assessment and species dominance computations are done to determine the vegetation community composition and naming based on floristic associations. We apply the floristic compositions output in analysing elephant movement tracks in the area, to assess the potential influence the location of specific vegetation species and communities utilized by elephants has on their movement and presence, as well as on elephant bulls and family groupings. The results show that the 10 m spatial resolution Sentinel-2A is suitable for investigating and mapping vegetation species in communities for large-scale mapping operations. We determined Near-Infrared band 8 and shortwave Infrared band 11 as key for identifying and differentiating ROIs at the floristic association community vegetation mapping level. We attained an overall accuracy of 87.395%. The analysis proved the 10 m spatial resolution of Sentinel 2A to be sufficient in distinguishing vegetation communities, including those with similar dominant species but variations in other contributing species. We also found a direct connection between vegetation location and elephant movement based on the summative analysis of utilised vegetation by the different elephant groupings. Bull elephants were predominantly present in areas with Combretum, family groups in areas with Commiphora, and mixed groups with both bulls and families in areas with Commiphora, and Cissus. This study shows the value that remote-sensing scientific support can offer conservationists and governments in objective evidence-based land management, policy making and governance.
FAPNET: Feature Fusion with Adaptive Patch for Flood-Water Detection and Monitoring
Authors: Islam MD Samiul , Sun Xinyao , Wang Zheng , Cheng Irene
Published: October 2022

In satellite remote sensing applications, waterbody segmentation plays an essential role in mapping and monitoring the dynamics of surface water. Satellite image segmentation—examining a relevant sensor data spectrum and identifying the regions of interests to obtain improved performance—is a fundamental step in satellite data analytics. Satellite image segmentation is challenging for a number of reasons, which include cloud interference, inadequate label data, low lighting and the presence of terrain. In recent years, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), combined with (satellite captured) multispectral image segmentation techniques, have led to promising advances in related research. However, ensuring sufficient image resolution, maintaining class balance to achieve prediction quality and reducing the computational overhead of the deep neural architecture are still open to research due to the sophisticated CNN hierarchical architectures. To address these issues, we propose a number of methods: a multi-channel Data-Fusion Module (DFM), Neural Adaptive Patch (NAP) augmentation algorithm and re-weight class balancing (implemented in our PHR-CB experimental setup). We integrated these techniques into our novel Fusion Adaptive Patch Network (FAPNET). Our dataset is the Sentinel-1 SAR microwave signal, used in the Microsoft Artificial Intelligence for Earth competition, so that we can compare our results with the top scores in the competition. In order to validate our approach, we designed four experimental setups and in each setup, we compared our results with the popular image segmentation models UNET, VNET, DNCNN, UNET++, U2NET, ATTUNET, FPN and LINKNET. The comparisons demonstrate that our PHR-CB setup, with class balance, generates the best performance for all models in general and our FAPNET approach outperforms relative works. FAPNET successfully detected the salient features from the satellite images. FAPNET with a MeanIoU score of 87.06% outperforms the state-of-the-art UNET, which has a score of 79.54%. In addition, FAPNET has a shorter training time than other models, comparable to that of UNET (6.77 min for 5 epochs). Qualitative analysis also reveals that our FAPNET model successfully distinguishes micro waterbodies better than existing models. FAPNET is more robust to low lighting, cloud and weather fluctuations and can also be used in RGB images. Our proposed method is lightweight, computationally inexpensive, robust and simple to deploy in industrial applications. Our research findings show that flood-water mapping is more accurate when using SAR signals than RGB images. Our FAPNET architecture, having less parameters than UNET, can distinguish micro waterbodies accurately with shorter training time.
A 24 GHz CMOS Direct-Conversion RF Receiver with I/Q Mismatch Calibration for Radar Sensor Applications
Authors: Lee Yongho , Kim Soyeon , Shin Hyunchol
Published: October 2022

A 24 GHz millimeter-wave direct-conversion radio-frequency (RF) receiver with wide-range and precise I/Q mismatch calibration is designed in 65 nm CMOS technology for radar sensor applications. The CMOS RF receiver is based on a quadrature direct-conversion architecture. Analytic relations are derived to clearly exhibit the individual contributions of the I/Q amplitude and phase mismatches to the image-rejection ratio (IRR) degradation, which provides a useful design guide for determining the range and resolution of the I/Q mismatch calibration circuit. The designed CMOS RF receiver comprises a low-noise amplifier, quadrature down-conversion mixer, baseband amplifier, and quadrature LO generator. Controlling the individual gate bias voltages of the switching FETs in the down-conversion mixer having a resistive load is found to induce significant changes at the amplitude and phase of the output signal. In the calibration process, the mixer gate bias tuning is first performed for the amplitude mismatch calibration, and the remaining phase mismatch is then calibrated out by the varactor capacitance tuning at the LO buffer’s LC load. Implemented in 65 nm CMOS process, the RF receiver achieves 31.5 dB power gain, −35.2 dBm input-referred 1 dB compression power, and 4.8–7.1 dB noise figure across 22.5–26.1 GHz band, while dissipating 106.2 mA from a 1.2 V supply. The effectiveness of the proposed I/Q mismatch calibration is successfully verified by observing that the amplitude and phase mismatches are improved from 1.0–1.5 dB to 0.02–0.19 dB, and from 10.8–23.8 to 1.1–3.2 degrees, respectively.
Understanding Students’ Perception of Sustainability: Educational NLP in the Analysis of Free Answers
Authors: Yamano Hiroko , Park John Jongho , Choe Nathan Hyungsok , Sakata Ichiro
Published: October 2022

This study explored undergraduate students’ conceptions of sustainable development by asking about their definition of a sustainable world, current issues of sustainable development, and the necessary mindset and skillsets to build a sustainable world. We derived data from 107 participants’ open-ended answers that we collected through an online survey at the beginning and the end of the sustainability class. Text mining with Natural Language Processing (NLP), principal component analysis (PCA), and co-occurrence network analysis were conducted to understand the changes in students’ conception of sustainable development. In addition, we also conducted the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) dictionary to investigate the psychometric properties of students’ awareness and understanding related to sustainable development. This advanced analysis technique provided a rich understanding of university students’ perceptions of sustainable development compared to what the UN initially defined as sustainable development goals (SDGs). The results showed imperative insights into the benefits of sustainability experiences and knowledge that generate motivation to develop students’ competencies as change agents.
Interlaboratory comparisons of calibration results for electrical capacity measures and inductance measures
Authors: Velychko Oleh , Shevkun Serhii , Dombrovskyi Maksym , Dovhan Vasyl
Published: October 2022

The article is dedicated to the organization and performance of bilateral interlaboratory comparisons of calibration results for electrical capacity measures and inductivity measures at the frequency of 1 kHz. Interlaboratory comparisons of measuring instruments calibration results for electric quantities are presented. Evaluation of the laboratory calibration results bias is provided by means of functioning statistics En number. Analysis and conclusions concerning laboratory competence are obtained.
The current state of application of internationally accepted terminology in the field of metrology in Ukraine
Authors: Kuzmenko Yurii , Samoilenko Oleksandr , Tsiporenko Sergii
Published: October 2022

The article considers the current state of the practical use of the terms measurement standard (hereinafter standard), national standard, state standard, primary standard, and secondary standard in the internationally accepted interpretation. A comparative analysis was conducted and the main differences in the definitions of these terms before and after the entry into force of the latest version of the Law of Ukraine «On Metrology and Metrological Activity» were presented. Based on the example of the mass standard, it was revealed the meaning of the terms «primary standard» and «national prototype» and pointed out the main mistakes in their application. It was shown in the specific examples how fundamental the difference in definitions of the same terms can be in different terminology systems and how important it is to adhere to terminology in metrology. Examples of incorrect granting of the status of «primary standard» to some national standards of Ukraine are given.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL FACTORS ON THE POWER CONSUMPTION OF A CAR WITH AN ELECTRIC POWER
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, BELYAEV D.S. , GENSON E.M. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, LOBOV N.V. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the problems of operation of cars with an electric power plant in country mode. In the course of the work, Russian and foreign literary sources were analyzed and a list of factors that have a significant impact on the consumption of electricity during the operation of an electric vehicle was established: average speed; level of energy recovery; technical condition of systems and equipment of the car; ambient temperature. It has been established that the average speed of movement and the operation of the «climate control» system, which directly depends on the ambient temperature, have the greatest impact on energy consumption in the country mode of operation. The experiment was planned and the methodology of its implementation was de-termined.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF THE CYCLING INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE CITY ON THE ROAD SAFETY OF CYCLISTS
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, EVTYUKOV S.S. , BRYLEV I.S. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, BLINDER M.M. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study was to analyze an accident with cyclists in 2021, which considered the date, time, cause, area, address, and number of victims in the accident. An assessment of the cycling infrastructure of the city (the number and location of bike paths) was carried out. The places of concentration of accidents and dangerous sections of bicycle traffic in St. Petersburg have been identified. Conclusions are drawn about the need to improve the bicycle infrastructure to increase the level of road safety of bicycles.
INVESTIGATION OF THE REGULARITIES OF CHANGES IN THE STIFFNESS COEFFICIENTS OF M1 CATEGORY CARS DEPENDING ON THE YEAR OF MANUFACTURE AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE EURO NCAP CLASSIFICATION
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, GOLOV E.V. , EVTYUKOV S.S. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: October 2022

Based on the analysis of the results of testing cars for frontal and lateral impacts with deformable and non-deformable obstacles, the regularities of changes in the coefficients of Hooke and modulus of elasticity of the first kind depending on the class of the car and its year of manufacture were determined and a database of stiffness characteristics of M1 category cars was formed.The mathematical model of calculating the speed of cars at the stage of the culmination of contact-trace interactions based on the assessment of volumetric deformations has been improved. The high accuracy of the developed algorithms has been confirmed by approbation and experimental studies.
BALANCE OF INTERESTS OF AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE AND CONTRACTOR OF MOTOR TRANSPORT SERVICES
Authors:   Tver State University, KURGANOV V.M. , MUKAEV V.N. ,   LLC «Passagetrans»
Published: October 2022

The essence of the balance of interests of an industrial enterprise and a contractor of motor transport services is revealed. The mechanism for ensuring the balance of interests is formalized in the form of an optimization economic and mathematical model. The condition for adjusting the balance of interests is formulated, which consists in the fact that the maximization of the custom-er's budget savings on motor transport services for its units is achieved if the carrier has reserves to ensure transportation capabilities by increasing the efficiency of using the vehicle fleet. A method for calculating these reserves is proposed.
METHOD FOR ASSESSING STAGES OF LEAF DESTRUCTION AUTOMOTIVE STEELS
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University, GONCHAROVА D.A. , PACHURIN G.V. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: October 2022

A method is proposed for estimating the stages of fatigue damage of sheet structural materials from the deflection curves of flat specimens in the process of fatigue, which makes it possible to study the resistance to fatigue failure of sheet metal materials using the scheme of pure bending in one plane. This scheme is as close as possible to the conditions of real loading of car body structural elements. The results of the study make it possible to study the kinetics of the destruction process, to fix the onset of macro-destruction, the rate of crack growth and, as a result, maintainability, design, and also to reasonably choose the material for the development of body elements of sheet-metal vehicles in order to start maintainability and ensure its safety during operation.
ANALYSIS OF THE CONDITION OF THE WORN TRACK CAMSO AG 3500 OF THE VERSATILE 570 DT TRACTOR
Authors:   Oryol State Agrarian University, ZHOSAN A.A. , REVYAKIN M.M. ,   Oryol State Agrarian University, KUZNETSOV I.S. ,   Oryol State Agrarian University
Published: October 2022

The article analyzes the operating conditions and defects that occur on the rubber-reinforced caterpillar Camso AG 3500. The rubber-reinforced caterpillar CAMSO AG 3500 was operated on a Versatile 570 DT tractor. This tractor is designed primarily for medium and large farms. The operating time of the studied rubber-reinforced tracks was 493 hours. The remaining height of the lugs in the undamaged part was 49 mm. Rubber-reinforced caterpillars have less impact on the supporting surface, while their use improves the technical and economic performance of the machine-tractor unit, however, their operation has a number of specific features.
IMPROVING ROAD TRAFFIC SAFETY BY INTRODUCING PROTECTIVE DRIVING TRAINING
Authors:   Lipetsk State Technical University, LYAPIN S.A. , RIZAEVA Y.N. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University, KADASEV D.A. ,   Lipetsk State Technical University
Published: October 2022

Defensive driving is driving a vehicle in which the driver avoids road traffic accidents (RTA), regardless of road conditions and the actions of other road users. Professional drivers with extensive driving experience may be at risk of crashes due to factors beyond their control. This is because the actions of other road users have an impact on the overall situation, leading to numer-ous, dangerous situations. Defensive driving training does not improve the professional skills of drivers and road safety.
DYNAMIC MODEL OF THE FUNCTIONING OF A MOTOR TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, DOROFEEV A.N. , KURGANOV V.M. ,   Tver State University
Published: October 2022

The digital transformation of the Russian transport industry, initiated by the Russian Ministry of Transport and designed to outline the vector of its development in the coming years, involves the widespread use of information modeling tools. In this regard, it is necessary to study and analyze simulation methods and approaches that make it possible to comprehensively predict and evaluate the activities of the elements of the country's transport system. In our work, we propose to use System Dynamics for this purpose, which makes it possible to take into account the complex nature of the interaction of various participants in this system, both at the level of an individual enter-prise, and within a particular region or the Russian economy as a whole.
ASSESSMENT OF THE REQUIRED AREA FOR PLACING RESIDENTIAL COMPLEXES IN THE PLAN OF URBANIZED TERRITORIES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE QUALITY OF ORGANIZATION OF ROAD TRAFFIC OF THE ADJACENT STREET AND ROAD NETWORK
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, ZEDGENIZOV A.V. , BRYANSKIKH T.B. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, LARIN O.N. ,   Russian university of transport
Published: October 2022

The methodology for assessing the required area when placing residential complexes has been excluded. The object of the study is the quality of traffic organization, fencing of the road network in the maintenance of residential complexes. A mathematical model is proposed that allows to estimate the area of land consumed for the premises of a residential complex, taking into account the normal service for visitors arriving by individual transport. The key factors of the proposed model are the transport demand that is formed for residential complexes, expressed by the quantitative characteristics of the functioning of residential complexes and transforming into the intensity of the traffic flow, as well as the capacity of the existing infrastructure aimed at providing transport services to residents and visitors of residential complexes. satisfactory quality of transport service at the feeding intersection.
INCREASING THE SAFETY OF CONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS BY INTRODUCING AN EXCLUSIVE PEDESTRIAN PHASE
Authors:   Industrial University of Tyumen, CHIKISHEV E.M. , GAVAEV A.S. ,   Industrial University of Tyumen, CHAINIKOV D.A. ,   Industrial University of Tyumen, SIDOROV S.A. ,   Industrial University of Tyumen
Published: October 2022

The study examines the issue of improving road safety by separating traffic and pedestrian flows. On the example of the Russian city of Tyumen, the main Respublika street is analyzed, where intersections with an exclusive pedestrian phase with the possibility of crossing diagonally are identified. An experiment was carried out to establish the proportion of pedestrians crossing in a diagonal direction. At the same time, it was found that at the intersections under study, this type of transition does not comply with the traffic rules. On the basis of the implemented research, options for improving the regulation of pedestrian flows are proposed, including for bringing them into compliance with traffic rules.
Adhesive and Self-Healing Polyurethanes with Tunable Multifunctionality
Authors: Zhou Lei , Zhang Lu , Li Peichuang , Maitz Manfred F. , Wang Kebing , Shang Tengda , Dai Sheng , Fu Yudie , Zhao Yuancong , Yang Zhilu , Wang Jin , Li Xin
Published: October 2022

Many polyurethanes (PUs) are blood-contacting materials due to their good mechanical properties, fatigue resistance, cytocompatibility, biosafety, and relatively good hemocompatibility. Further functionalization of the PUs using chemical synthetic methods is especially attractive for expanding their applications. Herein, a series of catechol functionalized PU (C-PU-PTMEG) elastomers containing variable molecular weight of polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG) soft segment are reported by stepwise polymerization and further introduction of catechol. Tailoring the molecular weight of PTMEG fragment enables a regulable catechol content, mobility of the chain segment, hydrogen bond and microphase separation of the C-PU-PTMEG elastomers, thus offering tunability of mechanical strength (such as breaking strength from 1.3 MPa to 5.7 MPa), adhesion, self-healing efficiency (from 14.9% to 96.7% within 2 hours), anticoagulant, antioxidation, anti-inflammatory properties and cellular growth behavior. As cardiovascular stent coatings, the C-PU-PTMEGs demonstrate enough flexibility to withstand deformation during the balloon dilation procedure. Of special importance is that the C-PU-PTMEG-coated surfaces show the ability to rapidly scavenge free radicals to maintain normal growth of endothelial cells, inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation, mediate inflammatory response, and reduce thrombus formation. With the universality of surface adhesion and tunable multifunctionality, these novel C-PU-PTMEG elastomers should find potential usage in artificial heart valves and surface engineering of stents.
New polynaphthylimides based on 3,3'-diamino-4,4'-dichloroarylenes and aroylene-bis(naphthalic anhydrides) with improved solubility, thermal and fire resistance
Authors: KUMYKOV R. M. , ITTIEV A. B. , BAMBETOV K. V.
Published: October 2022

Soluble polynaphthylimides not previously described were obtained by reacting 3,3'-diamino-4,4'-dichloroarylenes with aroylene-bis(naphthalic anhydrides) containing dichloroethylene, ether, and carbonyl groups. The infl uence of introduced chlorine atoms into aromatic nuclei, dichloroethylene, carbonyl and methylene groups between the phenyl nuclei of the central fragments of macromolecules on the solubility, thermal and strength properties of the synthesized polymers has been studied.
Thermal synthesis of silver nanoparticles in carboxymethyl chitin
Authors: SHIROKOVA L. N. , ALEXANDROVA V. A. , BONDARENKO G. N.
Published: October 2022

The synthesis of silver nanoparticles was carried out by the method of thermochemical reduction of silver ions using 6-О-carboxymethyl chitin as a matrix and stabilizer. Based on the analysis of UV-VIS spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy data, it was possible to confi rm the presence of silver nanoparticles in the system, as well as to determine their size and shape. Using the FTIR spectroscopy, it was shown that the carboxyl groups of 6-O-carboxymethyl chitin are able to interact with positively charged clusters and atoms of the particle surface, ensuring their stabilization.
FMagnesium hydroxide-based flame-retardant fillers for polymer materials and the effect of particle size on the dehydration process at high temperatures
Authors: BREKHOVA K. A. , SIMONOV-EMELYANOV I. D.
Published: October 2022

Exemplifed by various grades of magnesium hydroxide used as halogen-free flame-retardant fillers, the regularities of the destruction and dehydration process depending on the size of the disperse phase particles – from large (45 microns) to nanoparticles (50–100 nm) – were considered for the first time.

By DTA and TGA methods, the effect of the size of magnesium hydroxide particles on the temperature of the beginning of decomposition, the temperature range of the dehydration reaction, the kinetics and volumes of water release, the thermal effects of the reaction and the formation of coke residue when exposed to high temperatures was established.

The analysis of the data obtained allows us to draw the main conclusion - the particle size of halogen-free fire-retardant fillers has a significant effect on the parameters and kinetics of the process of decomposition of magnesium hydroxide (the brucite mineral) at high temperatures, which must be taken into account when creating and processing dispersed-filled polymer composite materials (DFPCM).

It has been established that from the point of view of the decomposition process and the release of water by flame retardants at high temperatures, grades based on magnesium hydroxide with a particle diameter of more than ~10 μm are the most effective for the production of DFPCMs.
The impact of OECD's Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Aid
Commitments for Education on Human Development in Asian Countries
and its implications for textile industry
Authors: GILLANI DURDANA QAISER , NAEEM MUHAMMAD ZAHID , SPULBAR CRISTI , EJAZ ABDULLAH , BIRAU RAMONA , ANGHEL LUCIAN CLAUDIU , FLORESCU ION
Published: October 2022

Education and health are considered a cornerstone for obtaining targeted development in any society. Moreover, both
sectors promote prosperity greatly. In this changeable epoch, people are thought out as the real wealth of any nation
and this wealth with good human capital serves the economy very efficiently and productively. This research study aims
to analyse how Development Assistance Committee (DAC) aid commitment for education along with institutional quality
is effective for the human development of selected Asian economies. A panel data set over 2011–2018 is used for this
analysis in Asian countries. GMM results show a significant and positive relationship between aid commitment for
education and the human development of these economies. A more interesting result is that financial development
seems to boost up human deployment in the selected Asian economies. The development of the textile industry is
significantly influenced by education, especially considering the effects of OECD's Development Assistance Committee
(DAC) Aid Commitments for education on human development in Asian countries. There is a dire need to reconsider
more allocation of resources and aid to education and health to utilize these inflows at the maximum level for targeted
development.
Classic suturing materials overview
Authors: SĂVULESCU ALEXANDRU-FLORIN , CÎRLAN CRISTIAN , BLĂJUȚ FLORIN-CRISTIAN , IORDACHE MIHAI , IORDACHE-PETRESCU MĂDĂLINA-IONELA , IONESCU ALEXANDRA-BIANCA , LUTENCU CRISTIAN , POPA LUCIAN
Published: October 2022

Sutures are used in surgery to approximate wounds for the healing purpose after injury or elective interventions or for
hemostasis ligation. During the millennial evolution of sutures, natural fibres have been almost completely replaced by
synthetic materials. Experience from the last years has shown that silk and catgut chromium threads are natural fibres
still used in surgical theatres, but they might have registered a decrease in preferences due to inflammatory response.
Despite the continuous improvement in this field, there is not a perfect universal suture affordable and right for every
patient. There are rare, but possible complications such as local irritation, foreign body response, granulomas or fistulas.
Various studies conducted over time, some presented in this paper, have shown that actual surgical threads are safe
and taking into account the indications, we should obtain maximum results with minimum adverse reactions. An ideal
combination of delayed absorption and elasticity allows a tension-free closure and supports the healing process of most
tissues and makes the surgical thread a preferred option for surgeons. The purpose of this article is to overview the
suturing materials and to optimise surgical techniques by increasing the benefits of each suture material with minimal
adverse reactions.
A personal experience in non-traditional teaching
Authors: Alishah Hassan Najafi
Published: October 2022

“It's 9 am, you walk into the lecture hall, review, answer a question or two, lecture, cover the board with definitions, theorems, proofs and examples while the students try to copy as much your notes as possible into their note- books.” It is called traditional teaching and it stopped working for me when COVID19 came around. Here, I report my personal experience of the change from the traditional teaching to the use of more engaging methods in my classes of “Analytic Geometry and Linear Algebra” at the Federal University of Minas Gerais. This change was trough a Teaching As Research (TAR) project entitled: Misconceptions in mathematics and interactive teaching strategies, initial phase: misconceptions in linear algebra. This work is not an educational research, see Remark 1.1. The principal aim here is to document the experience and make it available to whoever interested in the matter. The report contains syllabus of the course, questions and problems I used in the class, students' responses and some personal observations on the questions and activities. I will also do a literature review to show what was my baseline on designing the activities.
Nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y comportamientos sobre exposición solar según algunos factores socio-demográficos, en trabajadores expuestos al sol de Ica-Perú.
Authors: Heredia-Muñoz Gloria Natividad
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y comportamientos sobre Prevención y Riesgos de la Exposición Solar (PRES) según algunos factores socio-demográficos, en una muestra de trabajadores que laboran expuestos al sol, en la provincia de Ica-Perú. Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal y de nivel relacional, realizado en la provincia de Ica, durante el año 2021. Participaron 169 trabajadores del Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agraria del Perú, que respondieron un cuestionario con variables sociodemográficas y un instrumento que medía los conocimientos, actitudes y comportamientos sobre PRES, de 27 preguntas. Se calcularon frecuencias absolutas, relativas y evaluaron diferencias con la prueba de U de Mann-Whitney y Kruskal-Wallis respectivamente. Resultados: De los trabajadores el 12,4% reporta un nivel de conocimiento sobre PRES alto, 71% medio y 16,6% bajo. El 12,4% tiene un nivel de actitud alto, 59,2% medio y 28,4% bajo. El 16%, posee un nivel de comportamiento medio y el 84% bajo. Se observan variaciones en la distribución de proporciones del nivel de conocimiento, actitud y comportamiento, según los factores sociodemográficos, alcanzando significancia estadística en el nivel de conocimiento según la localización del trabajo; así mismo, en el nivel de actitud según la localización de trabajo y etapa de vida; igualmente en el nivel de comportamiento según el nivel socio-económico  (p<0,05). Conclusiones: El nivel de conocimiento y actitud sobre PRES, es mayoritariamente medio y el comportamiento es bajo. Existen diferencias significativas según algunas variables sociodemográficas.
Condicionantes de la salud del estilo de vida y capacidad funcional de adultos mayores atendidos en una microred de salud de Ica, Perú.
Authors: Bendezú-Sarcines Carmen , Sauñe-Oscco Wilson Enrique , Nuñez-Mori Isabel , Dávila-Apuela Susy , Oscco-Torres Olinda
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Determinar los condicionantes de salud del estilo de vida y capacidad funcional de adultos mayores atendidos en una Microred de salud de Ica, Perú 2021. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal, con una muestra de 94 adultos mayores. Se utilizaron como instrumentos el Cuestionario de condicionantes de salud y el Índice de Barthel, se aplicaron medidas de tendencia central, uso de frecuencias y análisis porcentual. Resultados: Se encuestaron a 94 adultos mayores, con mayor porcentaje de edad entre 60 a 68 años (n= 80; 85%), sexo femenino (n=74; 79%), casados (n=40; 43%), instrucción secundaria (n=66; 70%), con hijos (n=86; 91%) y vive con su cónyuge (n=40; 43%). Los condicionantes de la salud favorables son: actividad física y deporte (n=74; 79%), tiempo de ocio (n=68; 72%), consumo de sustancias psicoactivas (n=78; 83%), dimensión sueño (n=65; 69%), los desfavorables son: autocuidado de la salud (n=63; 67%) y hábitos alimentarios (n=58; 62%), con un global de favorables (n=62; 66%) y desfavorables (n=32; 34%). En la capacidad funcional según actividades básicas de la vida diaria son independientes (n=67; 72%), tienen dependencia leve (n=22; 23%), dependencia moderada (n=4; 4%) y dependencia grave (n=1; 1%).v Conclusiones: Los condicionantes de salud del estilo de vida de adultos mayores atendidos en una Microred de salud de Ica, Perú según actividad física y deporte, tiempo de ocio, consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y sueño son favorables y desfavorables en las dimensiones autocuidado de la salud y hábitos alimentarios, la capacidad funcional según actividades básicas de la vida diaria es de independencia.
Consideraciones sobre el intento de suicidio en Colombia, 2022.
Authors: Serna-Trejos Juan Santiago , Bermúdez-Moyano Stefanya Geraldine
Published: October 2022

El intento de suicidio (IS) supone una problemática de alto interés global, dentro de la cual se enmascaran múltiples factores de riesgo de índole biológico, social, económico, entre otros. Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) anualmente cerca de 703.000 personas se quitan la vida y muchas más intentan hacerlo, configurando el suicidio como la cuarta causa de mortalidad entre jóvenes de 15 - 19 años, del cual el 77% de los suicidios se producen en los países de ingresos bajos y medianos. La etiología o métodos más frecuentemente usados en este tipo de actos se encuentran: Ahorcamiento, ingestión de plaguicidas y lesiones por arma de fuego. (1)

Cerca del 40% de los casos de intento de suicidio ya han tenido intentos previos, el riesgo de suicidio tiende a aumentar hasta 30 veces en los primeros seis meses posteriores a un IS. (2)

En Colombia, Según datos reportados por el Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS) a la fecha se han notificado 18.395 casos relacionados a IS, representando un aumento del 23,4% respecto a los casos del 2021(figura 1), con una tasa de incidencia de 35.6 casos por cada 100.000 habitantes. (3)

Dentro de los principales factores de riesgo en la población colombiana asociados a este evento se encuentran en orden de frecuencia: Antecedente de trastorno psiquiátrico, Ideación suicida persistente, Plan organizado de suicidio, Consumo de sustancia psicoactivas, Abuso de alcohol, Antecedente de violencia o abuso y antecedente familiar de conducta suicida. Los factores desencadenantes más involucrados en el intento de suicidio se encuentran: Problemas familiares, conflicto con pareja y/o expareja, problemas económicos. (3)
Geoinformation analysis of the spatial variability of the Raikoke island (Kuril islands) geosystem
Authors: Verkhoturov Alexey , Melkiy Vyacheslav
Published: October 2022

Volcanic eruptions significantly transform natural geosystems, which is most characteristic of components such as terrain, flora and fauna. The theoretical significance of this research lies in acquisition of new knowledge that contributes to a deeper understanding of response of natural environment to consequences of volcanic eruptions of various types and power. The practical significance is due to possibility of using the obtained results in substantiating assessment of volcanic hazard territories and compiling corresponding maps. Eruptions of the Raikoke volcano are rare, but all recorded facts of activity are characterized as strong, and significantly changed appearance of Raikoke Island. The research used satellite images from Sentinel-2 and Landsat satellites. Spatial dynamics of coastline was studied on the basis of synthesized images (NIR-SWIR-RED). In the research of vegetation transformation, time series of normalized relative vegetation index (NDVI) was used. We analysed the time course of changes in the area of Raikoke Island, the maximum and average NDVI values within its limits from 1972 to 2021, and also compiled a schematic map of the dynamics of the components of the geosystem of Raikoke Island. Grass and grass-shrub vegetation covered about 80 % of total area of island in 2018. The areas devoid of vegetation cover are confined to large mobile talus slopes, beach, marginal parts of lava flows around perimeter of the island, as well as large block mass collapse of crater floor. As of 2021, the closed vegetation cover occupies no more than 0.03 % of the island’s area and is fragmentally located in central part of southern slope, lower parts of eastern, northern and western slopes. An analysis of eruptive activity of the Raikoke volcano and the time course of NDVI suggests that it will take about 100 years for vegetation cover occupy an area comparable to area before eruption of 2019.
Geoinformation support of the school course of geography
Authors: Morozova Elizaveta , Bryzhko Ilya
Published: October 2022

The current level of development of information systems, the introduction of technology in all aspects of life and the ever-accelerating process of digitalization also affect school education. Students increasingly notice the gap between the classical form of presenting material and the capabilities of modern information systems. Especially acute, in our opinion, this problem concerns the study of geography. The study of geography by traditional methods is not only ineffective and discourages students from learning but does not meet the requirements of the federal state educational standard. The teaching of geography should be conducted with the introduction of geoinformation technologies. Based on this thesis, to solve the problem we have voiced, the creation of a textbook is proposed. In our demonstration manual, based on the requirements of the federal state educational standard, 4 blocks of tasks were identified. The solution of these problems is aimed at developing the ability of students to form relationships and see dependencies using a layered organization of data. A set of layers for solving problems consists of the actual data needed to solve a specific task. All tasks are printed on translucent paper so that students have the opportunity to see the previous layers and analyze their relationship, formulate conclusions about the connection of phenomena. Also the manual has a section with questions aimed at helping students to formulate their thoughts when writing an answer, and ready-made templates with sample answers for self-testing and understanding the general principle of an answer generation. Due to epidemiological restrictions, the testing of the textbook took place remotely in one of the schools in Perm.
Geoinformation analysis of changes in indicators of Almaty city’s forests fragmentation
Authors: Zengina Tatiana , Pakina Alla , Mukanova Nurgul
Published: October 2022

Large forests areas of the Ile-Alatau State National Natural Park were annexed to the Almaty city due to expansion of its borders in 2012. The floral composition of these forests is represented by many species, among which are rare and endemic ones. The recreational pressure on forest lands after joining to the territory of the city has increased significantly and the most common consequence of this became the fragmentation of forests, i.e. their dismemberment into sections by various boundaries (construction, road transport infrastructure, etc.). Forests fragmentation leads to degradation and even death of forest communities, as well as to a decrease in their ecosystems functions. These changes of the suburban forests lead to a deterioration in the comfort parameters of the urban environment and a decrease in the quality of life of the population. The quantitative assessment of changes in the degree of fragmentation of Almaty city’s forests was carried out in the work, based on the geoinformation analysis and mapping methods. The calculation of a number of indices describing such features of the territorial organization of forests that can have a significant impact on the effectiveness of their environment protection functions was laid as the basis: forest cover index (FC), Mean Patch Size (MPS), Mean Shape Index (MSI), Edge density (ED) and Mean Nearest Neighbor (MNN). The indices were calculated for 9 river basins from 2014 to 2020 and the results were used to create a series of corresponding maps and a comparative table of changes in fragmentation indicators over the study period. The analysis of the calculated indices revealed patterns of dynamics of the fragmentation’s degree of Almaty city’s forests depending on the level of economic development, intensity of recreational pressure and proximity to major highways. Thus, the highest rates of fragmentation are characteristic of the catchments of the Shirokaya Shchel, Solonovka and Malaya Almatinka rivers. Comparison of fragmentation indices for 2014 and 2020 showed that, in general, the entire territory of the Ile-Alatau National Park is characterized by a slight, but deterioration in the indicators of forests fragmentation. The most significant deterioration was noted for the basin of the Bolshaya Almatinka River and its tributary the Kumbel River, where an extensive recreation area was formed, as well as in the basin of the Malaya Almatinka River and its tributary the Butakovka River. The indices of fragmentation of woodlands in the basin of the Kazashka River deteriorated to the least extent.
Development of navigation and map search system for the Ecological atlas of Russia online version
Authors: Gribok Marina
Published: October 2022

An online version of the Ecological Atlas of Russia, published in 2017, is currently being developed. The article sets the task of cataloging atlas maps satellite images, which is necessary to provide user navigation, search and compilation of thematic collections. The article analyzes a number of Russian and foreign online atlases and their navigation systems, on the basis of which a system of cataloging and classification of maps for the electronic version of the Ecological Atlas of Russia has been developed. The cataloging of maps satellite images is based on a system of parameters that are assigned to each map. These include the identification number of the image, page numbers in the paper version of the atlas, the name of the section, territorial coverage, scale, text of the legend and some other parameters. Special attention during cataloging is paid to assigning keywords and phrases to all maps and satellite images. Keyword search will give the user the opportunity to compile collections of thematically similar images, even if they are located in different sections of the atlas. A prototype of an interface designed to search for maps has also been developed. The search can be carried out by several parameters at the discretion of the user. The search result will be a list of images with previews, titles and links. When opening the map, for the convenience of the user, links will also be provided to the text description of the section to which this map belongs, to thematically close maps, as well as to previously viewed maps. The principles of cataloging and searching maps proposed in this study can be used in the development of online versions of other complex thematic atlases.