bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Role of the Knowledge Economy in the Context of Iraq's Fragile State Indicators
Authors: Zainab Abidesh Jalab  , Suhaila Abdul Zahra  , Mustafa Kamel Rashid
Published: January 2025

Continuing developments in the human world have become mobilized towards a knowledge economy So the knowledge economy has become the key to the development of societies and civilizations, the research aims to highlight selected indicators of Iraq's knowledge economy and link them to fragile state indicators s knowledge economy ", in an attempt to identify the most important challenges facing the growing knowledge economy in Iraq, The problem with research is that Iraq is experiencing a significant weakness in the knowledge economy, which has helped to exacerbate this problem is the fragility of the State. The research assumes that the decline in knowledge economics stems from the surrounding environment. If it is fragile, knowledge economics will not stabilize. The research found the validity of its hypothesis, as the indicators of the knowledge economy were weak under the sovereignty of the fragile State. The research recommended addressing the State's fragile greetings through respect for the law and the development of communications infrastructure and information technology data throughout Iraq's governorates.
Peran Pasar Modal Syariah dalam Mendorong Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Dini Selasi  , Dede Kuswandi  , Wira Untung Supriyanto
Published: January 2025

The aim of this research is to find out how the sharia capital market affects the sharia economy. This research was conducted through a qualitative literature study, where the author collected data from various journal articles, books and other sources. The results of this research found that Islamic capital markets promote Islamic economics by incorporating ethical ideals into economic operations, resulting in a more inclusive and stable ecosystem. Profit and loss sharing used in several sharia capital market instruments including mudharabah and musyarakah encourages better risk management.
Pengaruh Digitalisasi terhadap Penjualan Pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) di Kota Makassar
Authors: Dedi Harianto  , Ahmad Ahmad
Published: January 2025

Understanding the impact of digital technology on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) in Makassar City is the aim of the research. The descriptive qualitative method used in this research is collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation. Research shows that this has a significant positive impact on the profits of UMKM in Makassar City from Digitalization. On the other hand, one of the factors that hinders UMKM actors in terms of the effectiveness of digitalization is the ability to utilize technological media as an indicator of digital economic performance.
Analisis Perilaku Konsumtif Remaja terhadap Penggunaan Shopeepay Ditinjau dari Etika Konsumsi dalam Islam Studi Kasus pada Desa Pagerbarang
Authors: Dwi Amanatun Nisa  , Nurul Wulandari Putri
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the consumer behavior of teenagers in pagerbarang village in using ShopeePay and analyze it from the perspective of Islamic consumption ethics. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with twenty teenagers selected using the snowball sampling technique. The results indicate that consumer behavior is influenced by discounts, promotions, transaction convenience, and social pressure. Teenagers tend to make impulsive purchases driven by emotional needs and low financial literacy. From the perspective of Islamic consumption ethics, such behavior contradicts the principles of moderation (qanâ’ah) and prohibition of extravagance (israf). Teenagers often overlook these values due to social and technological influences that facilitate easy transactions. Therefore, increasing awareness of financial literacy and religious values is crucial to fostering more prudent consumer behavior.
Analisis Perhitungan Harga Pokok Produksi dengan Metode Full Costing untuk Perkembangan UMKM Es Dawet Idola
Authors: Mubarokah Ari Yanti  , Intan Novitasari Sah  , Nurul Fadilah  , Naurah Syifa  , Ananda Silvi Nur Indriyanti  , Alvin Ni’am Mahmud  , Akhmad Khoirul Umam  , Dian Fahriani
Published: January 2025

In this digital-based era, it is widespread in all circles to flock to become umkm actors from teenagers, adults and even parents. The growth of MSMEs in Indonesia continues to show a positive trend. The latest data from the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs notes that the number of MSMEs in 2024 will exceed 65 million units, with a very wide range of sectors, from culinary to digital technology. In this study, we will discuss in one MSME sector, namely in culinary, sometimes there are many MSMEs that only focus more on sales and income, for this reason, this study will discuss the analysis of the calculation of the cost of production in Es Dawet Idola MSMEs. This research uses a qualitative approach by conducting direct observations at the business location and in-depth interviews with business owners. The main objective of this research is to analyze the calculation of production costs of ice dawet idol so as to provide recommendations for the development of the business.
Gambaran Pemberian Obat pada Pasien Penyakit ISPA di Puskesmas Harapan Raya Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Novia Sinata  , Indah Wahyuni  , Intan Ayu Deswinda  , Maisarah Maisarah  , Marisa Nurlita
Published: January 2025

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is a significant public health issue, particularly in areas with suboptimal environmental conditions. Community Health Centers (Puskesmas), as the primary healthcare providers, play a crucial role in managing ARI cases. This study aims to analyze the prescribing patterns of medications for ARI patients at Pekanbaru Community Health Center to evaluate whether the prescribed treatments adhere to existing guidelines and to provide recommendations. The sample for this study comprises ARI patients who sought treatment at Pekanbaru Community Health Centers in March 2024. Secondary data from the monthly report of Pekanbaru Community Health Centers in March 2024 was used as the research instrument. The collected data was analyzed by calculating the percentage of medication usage. Based on the findings from Pekanbaru Community Health Centers, the following conclusions were drawn: Most patients consuming ARI medications were female, with 80 respondents, compared to 70 males. The age group with the highest number of ARI medication consumers was [missing data]. Paracetamol 500mg was the most commonly prescribed medication at the health center."
Pengaruh Terapi Komplementer Akupressur Terhadap Kejadian Mual Muntah Pasca Pembiusan Regional Blok (Spinal Anastesi ) Diruang Pulih Rumah Sakit Umum Imelda Pekerja Indonensia Medan
Authors: Satriani Hartalina Gultom  , Candra Meriani Damanik  , Yuni Shanti Ritonga  , Syahrul Handoko Nainggolan  , Ali Asman Harahap
Published: January 2025

Postoperative nausea and vomiting is one of the common side effects of spinal anesthesia. Nausea and vomiting affect patient morbidity such as stress, discomfort, dehydration, prolonging treatment time and increasing treatment costs. This study aims to determine the effect of acupressure therapy on the incidence of nausea and vomiting after spinal anesthesia in the recovery room of the Imelda Buruh Indonesia General Hospital, Medan. This type of research is a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental research method. Data reports in the province of North Sumatra, there are 25,602 patients undergoing surgery. While at the Umim Buruh Indonesia Hospital, Medan, the data on surgical patients per January-March 2024 amounted to 666 patients, 250 patients were found to have spinal anesthesia. This study was conducted in February - June 2024 at the Imelda Buruh Indonesia General Hospital, Medan. A sample of 20 respondents was taken.: The results of the statistical test obtained an α value of 0.000 (α <0.05), thus it was concluded that there was an effect of acupressure therapy on the incidence of nausea and vomiting after spinal anesthesia at the Imelda Buruh Indonesia General Hospital, Medan. Based on the characteristics of respondents based on age, they were in the age range of 36-40 years, which was 55%, based on gender, the majority of respondents were women, which was 60%, respondents based on a history of smoking were 65%, the distribution of respondents with a history of nausea and vomiting was 55% and the majority of respondents with an incidence of nausea and vomiting was 60%. The recommendation for this study is that acupressure therapy can be applied in nursing practice so that patients are able to do it independently. For the Imelda Buruh Indonesia General Hospital, Medan, it is necessary to carry out a risk scoring of nausea and vomiting in patients before surgery to minimize the incidence of nausea and vomiting after surgery.
The role of sperm DNA fragmentation on male infertility in Al kut city
Authors: Othman Hashem Mohammed  , Rania Sabri Hasan  , Ghassan Jabbar Khalaf  , Haidar Hussein Essa  , Luma Hikmat Kareem  , Wisam Basim Al- Tmemy  , Zeena Mohammed Abdul Hassan
Published: January 2025

Infertility is one of the most common diseases in the world in last period of all types,whether it is due to (asthenospermia,oligoasthenospermia,teratospermia,hormonal imbalance).Study aims to reveal negative effect of sperm DNA fragmentation on fertilization, this studywas conducted in the Al-Jazeera Specialized Laboratory in the city of Kut for the periodbetween (January to November from 2024), two hundred A person suffering from infertility.The semen was examined for all of them, they were divided into eighty of them being normal(the control group) and one hundred and twenty suffering from infertility (asthenospermia)hormonal test and sperm DNA fragmentation test (by Kit methods) was performed for everyone, this study showed Following, we obtained higher proportions of sperm DNA fragmentedinfertile Which had an abnormal shape and low motility. The results are similar to those ofother studies, which found that the DFI in infertile group was significantly higher than that infertile group (34.53 ± 4.6 % compared to11.91 ± 4.0 %) and mean sperm concentration infertile group was significantly higher compared to infertile group (83.22 ± 14.9 /ml comparedto11.67 ± 10.7 /ml) from this study. Through this study, the DFI test they can be used fordiscrimination and between the infertile male and normal male . Male men with sperm (DFI ≥25.1% ) had a (2.52 ) times higher risk of infertility compared to males with sperm (DFI <25.1%). This study shows that there is a negative relationship between (spem DNAfragmentation , sperm motility and formation) in infertile males. In addition, it can be concluded
that sperm DNA fragmentation is very useful in selecting and choosing suitable sperm to beused in many techniques, including assisted reproductive techniques. It can also be concludedthat the results of sperm DNA fragmentation analysis are encouraging and useful and can beused for diagnostic purposes in determining male infertility
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berperan dalam Kualitas Tidur pada Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir
Authors: Dina Mariana Siregar  , Chrystilia Afiyah Rengkuan
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the sleep quality of final year students, focusing on the role of stress, anxiety, physical activity and parental support. Final year students often deal with high levels of academic pressure, such as writing a thesis, which can disrupt their sleep patterns. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with literature study to identify the main themes related to students' sleep quality. Findings suggest that high levels of stress and anxiety, especially related to academic deadlines, negatively impact sleep quality. Apart from that, intense physical activity and lack of social support from parents also contribute to sleep disorders. The implications of this research demonstrate the importance of managing stress and anxiety, as well as the need for emotional and practical support to help students maintain the quality of their sleep. This research provides insights for universities to design programs that support student well-being, as well as contributing to research related to final year student mental health and sleep.
Pemanfaatan Rimpang Lengkuas Merah (Alpinia Purpurata K.Schum) sebagai Fungisida Tanaman Selada yang Menopang Inovasi Green Chemistry
Authors: Wulan Ayu Ningsih  , Intan Farhani  , Kailla Qothrunnada Qurrota’ayun  , Syifa Aulia Rahmawati  , Iqbal Mustapha
Published: January 2025

Indonesia is a country rich in useful biodiversity, such as red galangal (Alpinia purpurata K.Schum). The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the compounds isolated from the red galangal rhizome is the beginning of a new innovation to implement the concept on plants. The content of 1,8 sineol and eugenol in it makes red galangal rhizome can be used as a fungicide on lettuce plants. The widespread use of chemical-based pesticides can harm farmers and the environment with repeated exposure and over a long period of time. So biofungicide innovation is needed that can support the concept of Green Chemistry. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of red galangal rhizome extract as a fungicide on lettuce plants, as well as to analyze and determine under what conditions the fungicide from red galangal rhizome extract is optimal in eradicating Rhizoctonia Solani fungus on lettuce plants. This research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 10 treatments. All data were tested for normality followed by homogeneity test and all data were found to be normally distributed and homogeneous. Data were analyzed with parametric statistical tests using one-way ANOVA tests and further tests using Tukey with an error rate of 10% to determine whether there was an effect of the treatment tested on the material. The results of this study indicate that red galangal rhizome extract is effective in eradicating Rhizoctonia Solani fungus on lettuce plants with an optimum concentration of 50%.
Comparative Analysis of Insulin Resistance Markers With Lipid Profile Parameters in a Sample of Iraqi Patients
Authors: Shahd Mohammed Abdulwahab  , Ghassan Thabet Saeed
Published: January 2025

Insulin resistance is a detrimental globally common condition that is highly related to type 2 DM, as well as several different metabolic diseases. It can be diagnosed mainly, through many different abnormalities, like dyslipidemia or obesity, as well as impaired glucose levels. Many indices have been suggested for diagnosis of the IR, one of the most commonly utilized indices are the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance or the HOMA-IR, and triglyceride glucose index. HOMA and TyG indices, both are commonly applied for being relatively simple, non-costly, and easy to compute, particularly if compared to the gold standard method of the IR diagnosis, which is the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Objective: To make a comparison between HOMA-IR and TyG indices in their accuracy in IR diagnosis. Also, to investigate the strength of the relationship of these indices with BMI and lipid parameters. Results: HOMA-IR index had detected 38% IR individuals of the given sample, while TyG index had detected 51%. Though statistically this difference was not considered significant, TyG index has detected 13% more IR cases. Additionally, the relationship of both indices with BMI was shown to be highly positively correlated, though TyG index had shown even stronger correlation, as the P value in TyG was (0.0001), whereas in HOMA-IR was (0.033). Meanwhile, the lipid parameters had shown different results with both indices, where LDL-C was significantly inversely related to HOMA-IR index (P= 0.048), similarly total cholesterol though insignificantly (P=0.163). HDL-C had inverse relationship with HOMA-IR significantly (P= 0.014), and triglyceride had a positive correlation with HOMA yet, was not significant (P= 0.190). Meanwhile, TyG had significantly positive correlation with total cholesterol and triglyceride only, with a P value of (0.0006), and (0.0001) respectively. While the correlation between TyG index and LDL was positive, and TyG and HDL was negative, both insignificantly at a P value of (0.105), and (0.179) respectively. Conclusion: TyG index is more superior than HOMA index in IR diagnosis, and has a stronger positive correlation to the BMI marker. Whereas, the lipid parameters have weak relationship with both IR markers, HOMA, ant TyG indices.
Prevalence of Toxoplasmosis Seropositive Antibodies among Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD)
Authors: Omar Ibrahim Razaw , Abdul-Kareem Khidhir Abbas
Published: January 2025

Toxoplasma gondi is a pervasive parasite that causes a variety of diseases both in humans and animals, it infects the neural cells of the central nervous system. There have been previous reports linking this infection with Autism. Autism is a combination of complex neurodevelopmental disorders leading to alteration in social communication. This study was done to detect the frequency of seropositive Toxoplasmosis in Autistic children attending psychiatric units in Azady Teaching Hospital in Kirkuk governorate-Iraq. This case-control study was done on 40 Autistic children (30 male, 10 female) with an average age of 5.4±6 years and 40 healthy children (8 male, 32 female) with the same age range (6.1±2) year, from April 2018- January 2020. Sample collection was done by obtaining four ml of blood from all study group children for the detection of both IgM and IgG Toxoplasma gondi antibodies using the ELISA technique. Chi-square and paired T-tests were used for data analysis. The IgM serology for both Autistic and control children was negative while there was just one positive result of T.gondi IgG in Autistic Children and two positive results in normal children which made the result insignificant( X2=0.45, p-value>0.05). Regarding gender, there was no significant difference in detecting positive results between boys and girls of the study groups (X2=0.45 p value> 0.05). The study also demonstrated that Autistic Parents were statistically older than healthy children of the same age. We couldn't uncover any connection between ASD and toxoplasmosis. The age of parents & family history has a significant impact on the development of ASD.
Improved Estimator for Population Mean Utilizing Known Medians of Two Auxiliary Variables under Neutrosophic Framework
Authors: Singh Rajesh , Tiwari Shobh Nath
Published: January 2025

In the context of classical statistics, the estimation of the population mean is done with determinate, precise, and crisp data when auxiliary information is available. However, there are instances where dealing with uncertain, indeterminate, and imprecise data in interval form is required. To overcome this issue, Florentin Smarandache introduced neutrosophic statistics as a novel approach. This paper introduces a neutrosophic modified ratio-cum-product log-type estimator for the estimation of the population mean using known medians of two auxiliary variables in the neutrosophic context. The bias and mean squared error (MSE) for the proposed estimators are computed to the first-order approximation. The proposed estimator shows better results than existing ones in terms of MSE and percent relative efficiency (PRE). It is recommended to use the estimator with the highest PRE or lowest MSE for practical applications across different fields. The suggested estimator’s effectiveness is validated through empirical studies, and its real-world applicability is illustrated using agricultural data.
Estrategia terapéutica para el Síndrome Hemolítico Urémico asociado a infecciones gastrointestinales en niños
Authors: García Navarrete Jair Javier , Fernández García Héctor Joel , Navarrete Navarrete Ibis Augusto
Published: January 2025

Introducción: El síndrome hemolítico urémico (SHU), es una de las entidades clínicas mayormente asociadas a fallo renal agudo en niños los cuales cursan con un cuadro diarreico sanguinolento, la principal etiología es la infección por E. coli productora de Shiga toxina. Métodos: La presente investigación es de tipo cualitativa documental, retrospectiva, descriptiva y analítica, sigue la estructura del sistema PRISMA, en donde se detallarán los aspectos más relevantes sobre las estrategias terapéuticas en el síndrome hemolítico urémico asociado a infecciones gastrointestinales en pacientes pediátricos. Resultados: Son variados en relación al uso de las terapéuticas optimas las cuales se han dividido en dos segmentos, antes de generar daño instaurado el SHU, y después de haber generado daño, las estrategias de mantenimiento y el uso de nuevas estrategias como la Rasburicasa, el Eculizumab y Ravulizumab. Conclusiones: El síndrome hemolítico urémico es una entidad clínica y patológica que no es correctamente abordada por los médicos en la atención integral de un paciente con un cuadro diarreico, los avances en el conocimiento y entendimiento de la patogenia y afección de la toxina Shiga, ha permitido generar nuevas líneas de tratamientos que buscan frenar las afecciones o disminuir el grado de severidad de las mismas.
Comparación de la Efectividad Diagnóstica de las Escalas de Alvarado y RIPASA en la Apendicitis Aguda en Pacientes Geriátricos
Authors: Navarro Tamayo Rafael , Medrano Pichardo Valeria Iuxely , Murillo Cuevas Mariana , Medina Torres Vannia Guadalupe , Vázquez Molina José Luis
Published: January 2025

La apendicitis aguda es una causa común de abdomen agudo en pacientes geriátricos, pero su diagnóstico puede ser desafiante debido a presentaciones atípicas y comorbilidades asociadas. Este estudio compara la efectividad diagnóstica de las escalas de Alvarado y RIPASA en pacientes mayores de 65 años [1]. A través de una revisión sistemática de la literatura y análisis de estudios clínicos, se evaluó la sensibilidad, especificidad y valor predictivo de ambas escalas [2]. Los hallazgos sugieren que la escala RIPASA puede ofrecer una mayor sensibilidad en esta población, mientras que la escala de Alvarado mantiene una alta especificidad [3]. La combinación de ambas herramientas podría mejorar la precisión diagnóstica y reducir las tasas de apendicectomías negativas [4]. Estos resultados tienen implicaciones significativas para la práctica clínica en entornos con recursos limitados y podrían guiar la selección de herramientas de evaluación más adecuadas para pacientes geriátricos [5].
AVALIAÇÃO DOS IMPACTOS INDUZIDOS POR VARIADAS CONDIÇÕES DE CULTIVO NAS MICROALGAS Scenedesmus sp. E Chlorella sp., VISANDO A INTENSIFICAÇÃO DO TEOR LIPÍDICO
Authors: Elise Garcia Chiesa Jaqueline , Duarte Guerra Witter , Costa Oliveira Flávia Costa Oliveira , Gomes Albuquerque Karolynne , De Matos Martins Alexandre , Matheus da Rocha Lucas , de Faria Anizio Marcio , Ferreira Batista Antônio Carlos
Published: January 2025

Biocombustíveis são comumente descritos como derivados de materiais biológicos, incluindo matéria orgânica não fossilizada e produtos metabólicos de organismos vivos, como óleo vegetal para a produção de biodiesel. Entre as matérias-primas para biodiesel, as microalgas têm sido apontadas como uma alternativa promissora. Este estudo visa otimizar as condições de cultivo das microalgas Chlorella sp. e Scenedesmus sp., analisando seu crescimento em diferentes concentrações de nitrato, ferro, zinco e biotina. O cultivo ocorreu em reatores planos horizontais em acrílico, com temperatura controlada entre 25 e 30°C, fotoperíodo de 12 horas de luz e escuro, utilizando meio sintético Chu. O experimento, baseado em um planejamento fatorial 23 e um planejamento composto central, indicou que a metodologia otimizada para Chlorella sp. resultou em um máximo de 51,54% de teor lipídico em 20 dias de cultivo. O estudo destaca a necessidade de continuar a busca por condições ideais de cultivo para aprimorar os resultados.
Review of micronutrients in Sokoto, Nigeria: Insufficiency and effects on brain (Nervous system) functioning
Authors: Sarkingobir Yusuf
Published: January 2025

In humans, micronutrients are special nutrients that are supposed to be obtained from diets in small amounts to aid body functioning, growth, and development. Micronutrients deficiency results due to low dietary nutrients intake and is currently a worldwide threat that affects humans in various ways, including learning or brain functioning. Sokoto State Nigeria due to its peculiarities such as arid land, poverty, poor education, single-diet nutrition, etc. should be of great risk of micronutrients deficiencies. The objective of this review paper is concerned about micronutrients deficiencies with regards to Sokoto State Nigeria and consequences on brain function. Micronutrients prevalence in Sokoto Nigeria, micronutrients in foods, insufficiency of nutrients in soil, consequences of excess micronutrients, micronutrients deficiencies, causes, etc. were described. Multifold approach to this myriad task should be put forward and tackled head-on; otherwise, the society (Sokoto) will languish continuously with maternal and child mortalities, abnormalities, mental derangements, aa well as poor productivity..
Filosofía para y con niños
Authors: Petrova Gergana
Published: January 2025

Dados los múltiples problemas sociales e ideológicos contemporáneos provenientes de una cultura globalizada y dependiente de las formas económicas, la educación vuelve a presentarse como un emplazamiento desde donde pueden proponerse y efectuarse cambios significativos hacia la creación de una sociedad cualitativamente diferente. El presente texto abreva del camino recorrido para concretar, a manera de un manual de ejercicios prácticos, el interés por recuperar propuestas innovadoras para la educación y el desarrollo de un pensamiento crítico, cuidadoso y creativo, que muestran la vigencia y relevancia del concepto filosófico de educación en la configuración contemporánea.
Karakterisasi Bakteri Perakaran Vegetasi Kedelai, Singkong dan Rumput
Authors: Mudrikah Siti , Sari Intan Nirmala , Rahmatullah Rifki , Estiningtyas Rizki
Published: January 2025

Tanah merupakan faktor lingkungan yang penting, sebab selain mempunyai hubungan timbal balik dengan tanaman yang tumbuh diatasnya, tanah juga memiliki hubungan timbal balik dengan mikroba tanah yang ada di dalamnya. Isolat bakteri yang diisolasi dari sumber isolat dari tanah dengan vegetasi berbeda yaitu kedelai dengan kode isolat K1104 (1), K2106 (2), rumput dengan kode isolat R2104 (2) dan singkong dengan kode isolat S2104 (1). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kode Isolat K1104 (1) memiliki bentuk sel coccus, Gram negatif, memiliki enzim katalase, enzim dehidrogenase, bersifat motil, obligate aerob, tidak memiliki enzim urease serta tidak dapat memfermentasikan karbohidrat, dapat tumbuh direntan suhu 27-37 oC dan  pH 3-9 serta dapat tumbuh pada kadar salinitas 2% dan 5%. Isolat K2106 (2) bentuk sel basil, Gram negatif memiliki enzim  katalase,  enzim dehidrogenase, bersifat motil, obligate aerob, tidak memiliki enzim urease serta tidak dapat memfermentasikan karbohidrat, dapat tumbuh direntan suhu 27-37 oC dan pH 3-9 serta dapat tumbuh pada kadar salinitas 5%. Isolat R2104 (2) bentuk sel coccus, Gram positif  memiliki enzim  katalase, enzim dehidrogenase, bersifat motil, Fakultatif anaerob, tidak memiliki enzim urease serta dapat memfermentasikan karbohidrat, dapat tumbuh direntan suhu 5-37 oC dan pH 6-9 serta dapat tumbuh pada kadar salinitas 2%. Isolat S2104 (1) bentuk sel coccus, Gram negatif memiliki enzim katalase, enzim dehidrogenase, bersifat motil, obligate aerob, tidak memiliki enzim urease serta tidak dapat memfermentasikan karbohidrat, dapat tumbuh direntan suhu 27-37 oC dan pH 6-9 serta dapat tumbuh pada kadar salinitas 2%.
A Study on Histomorphological Spectrum in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding at a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: M Santharam , Sekar Preethi , TM Karthikeyan , Kandaswamy Sharanya
Published: January 2025

Introduction: A common gynecological problem that affects women, especially throughout their reproductive and perimenopausal years, is abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). It includes any alteration in frequency, length, or volume that deviates from typical menstrual rhythms. The PALM-COEIN approach, which incorporates both non-structural factors like coagulopathy and ovulatory dysfunction as well as structural causes including polyps, adenomyosis, leiomyoma, and cancer, is used by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) to categorize AUB. For chronic AUB that does not respond to conservative management, hysterectomy is still the only effective option. For a precise diagnosis, histopathological examination (HPE) of hysterectomy tissues is essential, particularly in cases where imaging alone cannot provide a definitive answer. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology at KMCH Institute of Health Sciences and Research from July 2023 to June 2024. A total of 150 reproductiveage, peri-menopausal, and post-menopausal women with complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) who underwent hysterectomy were included in the study. Results: The most common
histopathological finding was uterine fibroids, observed in 45.3% of cases, followed by adenomyosis
in 19.3%. Among the endometrial abnormalities, non-secretory endometrium and disordered proliferative endometrium were identified in 31.3% and 27.35% respectively. Ultrasonography was
effective in detecting fibroids but showed limited sensitivity in diagnosing adenomyosis, which was
better confirmed through histopathology. Conclusion: Histopathological evaluation plays a vital role
in diagnosing the causes of AUB, particularly in cases where imaging does not provide clear results.
Multiple pregnancy – overview
Authors: Świątkowska-Freund Małgorzata , Waldman Anna
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Pregnancy with more than one fetus in uterus is not a physiological phenomenon for a woman. The risk of most of pregnancy complications is higher and there is a possibility of abnormalities, which are not met in singleton pregnancy, caused by having two or more fetuses supplied by one placenta.

Aim

Author analyzed recent literature regarding up-to-date management of multiple pregnancy and recommended time and mode of delivery.

Material and methods

Recommendations regarding management of multiple pregnancy in available guidelines of gynecological societies and national healthcare institutions were analyzed. Latest articles from Pubmed describing current views on multiple pregnancy management and delivery options were also reviewed.

Results and discussion

Guidelines for multiple pregnancies management, including delivery time and mode planning, were analyzed and compared. Most of them are very consistent, there are only few differences in recommended pregnancy management. Diagnosing pregnancy complications as early as it is possible and adequate treatment is the aim of pregnancy management, and as multiple pregnancies have higher risk of all complications, they have to be monitored very closely. Diagnosis of type of pregnancy, routine follow-up visits schedule and ultrasound scan scheme are discussed as well as the recommended time and mode of delivery. Vaginal delivery for well defined group of patients should be considered, while cesarean section seems safer for some women.

Conclusions

Multiple pregnancies, as high risk pregnancy, require more frequent visits and ultrasound scans depending on chorionicity and amnionicity. Close monitoring and careful qualification for vaginal delivery improves pregnancy outcome.
Are the Bones of the Cranial Vault in Newborns Connected to Each Other by Sutures?
Authors: Hegazy Abdelmonem Awad Mustafa , Hegazy Mohammad Abdelmonem
Published: January 2025

The skull of a newborn differs from the skull of an adult in many aspects, including the shape of the sutures and the presence of fontanelles. The sutures in an adult's skull that connect adjacent bones are fixed fibrous joints “synarthroses”. The edges of the bones are serrated like sutures. On the other hand, in newborns these joints are flexible and slightly mobile with wide gaps where more than two bones meet. These gaps are called fontanelles, and they close later as the baby grows. Fontanelles are of great clinical importance in monitoring normal growth and checking for diseases that may affect children. Although the joints of the cranial bones are quite different in newborns than in adults, some authors call them sutures in both cases. This may be inaccurate, and a distinction must be made between the terms in both cases, which may express quite different structures. Therefore, we suggest calling them fibrous joints with an interosseous membrane rather than sutures in newborns.
IDENTIFIKASI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN TOBO-TOBO (Ficus septica Burm) TERHADAP BAKTERI ULKUS DIABETIK
Authors: Wahyuddin Munifah , Rauf Afrisusnawati , Nurshalati Tahar  , Nurfitrah Syamsuddin  , Huriyah Fadhilah
Published: January 2025

People in Indonesia have long used tobo-tobo leaves (Ficus septica Burm). The ingredients contained in these leaves consist of alkaloid compounds, saponins, flavonoids, and tannins, which are compounds that are antibacterial, so they have the potential to be developed as plants. drug. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of tobo-tobo leaves against diabetic ulcer bacteria, namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Providencia stuartii, Citrobacter freundii, Pseudomonas luteola, Burkholderia cepacia, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Proteus merabilis. For this kind of research, a quantitative experimental method is used. The ethanol solvent is used for extraction, and the agar diffusion method on NA medium is used to test for bacteria. The test showed that the tobo-tobo (Ficus septica Burm) leaf extract made of ethanol had alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and tannins in it. In the antibacterial activity test on each extract with a concentration of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, it was found that the ethanol extract of tobo-tobo leaves at a concentration of 100% gave the greatest antibacterial effect on bacterial growth with an average diameter value of flat. average: Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12.8 mm (strong), Providencia stuartii 9.33 mm (medium), Citrobacter freundii 11.83 mm (strong), Pseudomonas luteola 11 mm (strong), Burkholderia cepacian 10.16 mm (strong), Acinetobacter baumannii 9.5 mm (moderate), and Proteus merabilis 6.5 mm (moderate).
Tingkat Kepatuhan dan Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penggunaan Obat Antihipertensi pada Pasien Lansia di Posyandu Lansia Desa Drono
Authors: Putri Aristhasari , Septyasari Avanilla Fany , Apriliana Belinda
Published: January 2025

The incidence of hypertension in the elderly has increased, which is caused by several factors that affect the level of compliance. This study was conducted to determine the level of compliance and factors that influence the use of antihypertensive drugs in patients at the elderly Posyandu Drono Village. This study used purposive sampling technique and  questionnaire instrument of MARS-10, correlation analysis was performed with Chi-square test. The results showed that the level of patient compliance in the elderly Posyandu of Drono Village was not compliant (71.4%).  Factors that have a correlation with compliance with the use of antihypertensive drugs are educational factors, with a value of p = 0,002 and family support factors with a value of p = 0,045.  Providing comprehensive counseling about the desired outcomes, potential side effects, and proper medication usage can enhance patient knowledge, ultimately improving patient adherence. Moreover, family support can promote better adherence in elderly patients.
Changing Institutional Leadership in Islamic Schools as a Spark for the Development of Religious Values
Authors: Fauzah Hamiul , Faizi Mohammad Fajar
Published: January 2025

This study analyses forming religious values ​​in the context of leadership change in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. This study is based on the importance of leadership in maintaining religious values ​​in Islamic educational institutions, especially during the leadership transition period, which often raises organizational challenges. This study uses a qualitative and case study approach to explore phenomena. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, then analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion-drawing steps. This study focuses on educational institutions' strategies, roles, and internal support in maintaining religious values. The study results indicate that leadership has a crucial role in maintaining and developing religious values; strategies used to maintain religious values ​​involve preserving existing traditions and implementing religion-based programs; support from teachers and staff plays a significant role in realizing a sustainable religious environment. The study's results are expected to contribute to developing effective leadership models in Islamic educational institutions, especially in structural change, and enrich the literature on education based on religious values.
Kiai Communication's Contribution to Enhancing Organisational Effectiveness
Authors: Khamid Nur
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the role of Kiai communication in improving organizational performance in Islamic Boarding Schools. This study focuses on the communication strategies used by Kiai, especially in bridging internal and external communication channels to strengthen the identity of the Islamic boarding school. A qualitative case study approach was used to collect data through interviews, observations, and document analysis with data analysis, according to Miles and Huberman. The findings of the study revealed that the charismatic and empathetic communication style of Kiai fosters loyalty among students, administrators, and the wider community, thereby improving organizational performance. This study is expected to contribute to understanding how effective leadership communication can create a cohesive and high-performance educational environment and provide insights for other Islamic boarding schools that want to strengthen their organizational dynamics through communication.
PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS C IN DENTAL-TREATED PATIENTS
Authors: Saleha Shiraz  , Noman Ashraf  , Maryam  , Muhammad Ali Zahid  , Sehar Gulzar  , Uswa Ashfaq  , Muhammad Kashif  , Atif Munir
Published: January 2025

Hepatitis C, a viral infection primarily transmitted through blood or body fluids, remains a significant global public health concern. This retrospective study aimed to assess the prevalence of Hepatitis C among dental patients at tertiary care hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan, between June and December 2023. A total of 49 patients, aged 17 to 70 years, were included in the study using a non-probability convenient sampling technique. Data were collected via a self-designed performance that included demographic information, medical history, and results of Hepatitis C screening, including anti-HCV, ELISA, and PCR tests. The findings revealed that 44.9% of the participants tested positive for anti-HCV antibodies, and 40.8% showed detectable HCV RNA in PCR tests. The study highlighted that dental patients are at increased risk of Hepatitis C transmission due to exposure to contaminated instruments, sharps, and blood or saliva during dental procedures. The prevalence of Hepatitis C among dental patients in this study is consistent with previous reports in regions with high endemicity, such as Pakistan. The results underscore the critical importance of implementing strict infection control measures in dental healthcare settings, such as proper sterilization of instruments, the use of personal protective equipment, and routine screening of high-risk patients. Additionally, the study emphasizes the need for increased awareness among healthcare providers and patients regarding the risks of Hepatitis C transmission in dental settings. Future research should focus on larger, multi-centre studies to evaluate the effectiveness of infection control interventions and the long-term outcomes of Hepatitis C-positive dental patients, including their treatment and recovery in clinical practice.
Amish Shwitzer: An Old Order Contact Language
Authors: Hasse Anja , Seiler Guido
Published: January 2025

There is relatively little linguistic research on the language spoken by the Swiss Amish community of Adams County, IN. The language is remarkable for various reasons. First, it is a kind of a mixed language with closely related parental languages which has so far not been found elsewhere in the languages of the world. Second, it is an example of a complex linguistic inner-Amish separation. While the convergence of Amish Shwitzer towards Pennsylvania Dutch grammar is caused by intense contact between Swiss and Pennsylvania Dutch-speaking Amish, the retention of Bernese German features inherited by the ancestors of the modern-day Swiss Amish prevents the two languages, Amish Shwitzer and Pennsylvania Dutch, from merging. The following article illustrates both claims with empirical data. [Abstract by authors.]
Symposium Review: Strictly Observant: Amish and Ultra-Orthodox Jewish Women Negotiating Media [2nd ed]
Authors: Rosenberg Emma , Petre Sheila
Published: January 2025

Far too often, female agency within strictly observant religious groups is dismissed. Especially in secular scholarship, the perceived voicelessness of these women remains largely unchallenged. Rivka Neriya-Ben Shahar’s sophisticated and compelling book, Strictly Observant: Amish and Ultra-Orthodox Women Negotiating Media, destroys this superficial and monolithic understanding. Using media consumption as a lens, Neriya-Ben Shahar reveals the pivotal role that Amish and Ultra-Orthodox Jewish women play in safeguarding their communities from the threats of secularism and immorality. [First paragraph.]
Review of: The Flow of the Big Spring: Three Centuries of Native Americans, Welsh, Amish, and Mennonites on the Big Spring Farm in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania—Romaine Stauffer
Authors: Burkholder Susan
Published: January 2025

Can the story of a farm tell the story of a community? The Flow of the Big Spring follows the Big Spring Farm through its history as a gathering spot for Native Americans, a Mennonite family farm, and now, a living history museum in New Holland, Pennsylvania. [First paragraph.]
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN WAJIB PAJAK, KESADARAN WAJIB PAJAK DAN MODERNISASI SISTEM ADMINISTRASI PERPAJAKAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR (STUDI KASUS PADA WAJIB PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR YANG TERDAFTAR DI SAMSAT KOTA DEPOK 1)
Authors: Putri Amelia Mutiara , Rosyati Tati
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the effect of taxpayer knowledge, taxpayer awareness and modernization of the tax administration system on motor vehicle taxpayer compliance. The population in this study were motor vehicle taxpayers registered at Samsat Kota Depok 1 totaling 1,032,932 taxpayers. The research sample used a simple random sampling technique and was determined using the slovin formula of 100 people. Based on the partial results, taxpayer knowledge has no significant effect on motor vehicle taxpayer compliance, while taxpayer awareness has a positive and significant effect on motor vehicle taxpayer compliance, and modernization of the tax administration system has a positive and significant effect on motor vehicle taxpayer compliance. Based on the simultaneous results, taxpayer knowledge, taxpayer awareness, and modernization of the tax administration system have a positive and significant effect on motor vehicle taxpayer compliance.
ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL PIUTANG DAGANG UD. FAISAL BULANMAS 1 KABUPATEN BARITO KUALA
Authors: Nor Winda Sari  , Amalia Wia Rizqi
Published: January 2025

Accounts receivable, as one of the current assets of a trading company, is an important asset because it shows the amount of income received. A very large amount of receivables causes the percentage of uncollectible receivables to also be quite large. Therefore, it is necessary to have effective control so that fraudulent acts on trade receivables can be reduced. The internal control system is policies and procedures that protect assets from misuse. This research aims to find out how to implement the internal control system for trade receivables in minimizing uncollectible receivables at UD. Faisal Bulanmas 1, Sugara Island Village, Barito Kuala Regency. By using data collection techniques in the form of interviews and field observations, it can be concluded that the problem of bad debts at UD. Faisal Bulanmas 1 can arise from various aspects, such as technical aspects and debtor negligence. Apart from that, the problem of bad debts can occur due to employees themselves (fraud) or fraud where salesmen commit skimming fraud, namely when customers pay by check or cash, the check or cash will go into their personal pockets. Overall, the internal control system for UD. Faisal Bulanmas 1 runs well even though it is manual based and does not use adequate information technology.
KARAKTERISTIK RESERVOIR BATUAN KARBONAT FORMASI BATURAJA BERDASARKAN ANALISIS PETROFISIKA DI LAPANGAN ‘TI’ CEKUNGAN SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Soesanto Edy , Handayani Ani , DJamal Dzikri Walisyah
Published: January 2025

Currently, oil and gas still play an important role as fuel in the industry. The 'TI' field is located in the Jambi Sub Basin, South Sumatra, which is one of the hydrocarbon-producing areas. The research area focuses on the Baturaja Formation. The processed data is in the form of wireline logs from 4 wells, core data and also mudlog data from TI-1 well. In the analysis of facies and depositional environments there are 3. In the subarcose interval in the off reef depositional environment on the open shelf. Furthermore, the second is foraminifera facies with limestone characteristics containing fine sand grains. This facies is found in the reef core depositional environment. Third, there is a coral mudstonedolostone facies with characteristics of few siltstones to fine sand grains found in the outer lagoonal depositional environment. Based on petrophysical calculations, the cut off value of Vsh is 40%, the cut off phie is 3%, and the cut off sw is 70%. From the results of the analysis and comparison of each well, it can be concluded that the TI-1 and TI-2 wells in the reef core depositional environment and also the outer lagoonal have the best quality with good hydrocarbon content. So that in the future further exploration and development can focus on these facies to increase the effectiveness of field development.