bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Effect of the Dynamics of Behavioral Phenotypes on Health Outcomes in an mHealth Intervention for Childhood Obesity: Longitudinal Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Woo Sarah , Jung Sunho , Lim Hyunjung , Kim YoonMyung , Park Kyung Hee
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Advancements in mobile health technologies and machine learning approaches have expanded the framework of behavioral phenotypes in obesity treatment to explore the dynamics of temporal changes.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of behavioral changes during obesity intervention and identify behavioral phenotypes associated with weight change using a hybrid machine learning approach.

METHODS

In total, 88 children and adolescents (ages 8-16 years; 62/88, 71% male) with age- and sex-specific BMI ≥85th percentile participated in the study. Behavioral phenotypes were identified using a hybrid 2-stage procedure based on the temporal dynamics of adherence to the 5 behavioral goals during the intervention. Functional principal component analysis was used to determine behavioral phenotypes by extracting principal component factors from the functional data of each participant. Elastic net regression was used to investigate the association between behavioral phenotypes and weight change.

RESULTS

Functional principal component analysis identified 2 distinctive behavioral phenotypes, which were named the high or low adherence level and late or early behavior change. The first phenotype explained 47% to 69% of each factor, whereas the second phenotype explained 11% to 17% of the total behavioral dynamics. High or low adherence level was associated with weight change for adherence to screen time (β=−.0766, 95% CI −.1245 to −.0312), fruit and vegetable intake (β=.1770, 95% CI .0642-.2561), exercise (β=−.0711, 95% CI −.0892 to −.0363), drinking water (β=−.0203, 95% CI −.0218 to −.0123), and sleep duration. Late or early behavioral changes were significantly associated with weight loss for changes in screen time (β=.0440, 95% CI .0186-.0550), fruit and vegetable intake (β=−.1177, 95% CI −.1441 to −.0680), and sleep duration (β=−.0991, 95% CI −.1254 to −.0597).

CONCLUSIONS

Overall level of adherence, or the high or low adherence level, and a gradual improvement or deterioration in health-related behaviors, or the late or early behavior change, were differently associated with weight loss for distinctive obesity-related lifestyle behaviors. A large proportion of health-related behaviors remained stable throughout the intervention, which indicates that health care professionals should closely monitor changes made during the early stages of the intervention.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinical Research Information Science KCT0004137; https://tinyurl.com/ytxr83ay
Exploration of Integrating Ideological and Political Education into the Curriculum of “Road Survey and Design” from the Perspective of Moral and Intellectual Education in the New Era
Authors: Gu Haichen , Xiang Yinghao , Zhu Meiting
Published: August 2023

In the context of the new era and the goal of moral and intellectual education, the design of ideological and political education in curriculum holds significant importance for civil engineering majors. By incorporating ideological and political education into the curriculum, students’ political awareness, comprehensive qualities, innovative spirit, social responsibility, environmental consciousness, attention to social development, and technological innovation can be cultivated. After integrating ideological and political content into the “Road Survey and Design” course, there have been significant improvements in students’ political awareness, comprehensive qualities, innovative spirit, social responsibility, environmental consciousness, career development awareness, and teachers’ instructional capabilities.
Experimental Analysis on Partial Replacement of Cement by Glass Powder and Using of Steel Fiber
Authors: Jayashree G. , Gokulnath N. , Elaiyarasu S.
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Concrete consists of fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water, and optional admixtures, such as Portland cement or another hydraulic cement. Because of its massive resource consumption, the concrete industry poses a serious danger to the sector's long-term viability. The concrete industry is struggling in part because of concerns about the environment and the economy. Many studies are currently being conducted on the utilisation of waste materials like Pulverised Fly Ash (PFA) and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) as supplemental cementitious materials. Similar to PFA and GGBS, waste glass powder can be used to partially substitute cement during the hydration reaction. To some extent, waste glass can substitute cement in concrete and contribute to strength development if it is ground to a very fine powder and demonstrates pozzolanic properties due to its high SiO2 content. This research examined the Compressive, Tensile, and Flexural strengths of concrete that had been aged for up to 60 days with concrete that had been partially replaced with Glass Powder at percentages ranging from 0% to 40%. The aggregate test findings suggest that Waste Glass Powder could be used as a suitable cement replacement in construction projects. Fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) is a composite building material made from small, discontinuous fibres that are randomly distributed throughout the concrete part. Steel, glass, and polymer fibres, as well as fibres originating from natural sources, are the most common types of fibre used in cement-based composites. The tendency of fibres to be more closely spaced than traditional reinforcing steel bars makes them more effective at preventing cracking. It's important to note that fibre is not a suitable replacement for steel bars when reinforcing concrete.
Referral pathways to early intervention services for psychosis and their influence on perceptions of care: an Interpretive phenomenological analysis
Authors: Senger Brannon , MacDonald Quinn , Pencer Alissa , Crocker Candice E. , Hughes Jean , Tibbo Philip
Published: August 2023

Background: Most young adults experiencing psychosis enter
early intervention services for psychosis (EIS) via inpatient services
and emergency departments. Referral in this manner is believed to
increase young adults’ risk for adverse outcomes while in EIS such as
diminished trust and engagement in services. However, little research
has empirically examined the impact of young adults’ referral and
help-seeking experiences on their subsequent views towards EIS and
engagement to services. Methods: This qualitative study
involved semi-structured interviews with 12 young adults (mean age =
24.83) within 3-12 months following acceptance to an EIS. Interviews
aimed to examine their experiences of help-seeking and referral to EIS
as well as the impact of these experiences on their subsequent
perception of, and engagement with EIS. Data were analyzed using the
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis approach. Results: 3
superordinate themes emerged: (1) Navigating the Maze of
Healthcare (2) Dignity and (3) Impact of Events. Participants
with referral pathways involving urgent care services, particularly
through involuntary hospitalization, described more adversity during
their referral pathway and were more likely to describe help-seeking
experiences as contributing to negative views towards EIS and diminished
engagement in treatment. Conclusions: The impact of early
negative experiences with healthcare on views towards EIS and engagement
is evident in participants’ accounts. Sense making was further
contextualized by participants’ illness insight, degree of recovery, and
social support throughout experiences. Emergent themes highlight the
need for psychiatric services to emphasize service users’ dignity and
for EIS to provide opportunities for patients to process past negative
healthcare experiences to strengthen engagement.
Genome of Alectoris chukar provide insights into its domestication, adaptation, and origin
Authors: Zhou Hao , Huang Xunhe , Liu Jiajia , Ding Jinmei , Xu Ke , Zhu Wenqi , He Chuan , Yang Lingyu , Zhu Jianshen , Han Chengxiao , Qin Chao , Luo Huaixi , Chen Kangchun , Jiang Shenyao , Shi Yurou , Zeng Jinyuan , Weng Zhuoxian , Xu Yongjie , Wang Qing , Zhong Ming , Du Bingwang , Song Sen , Meng He
Published: August 2023

Alectoris chukar (chukar) is the most widespread partridge species in
the world, adapting well to a variety of ecological settings. Like
chickens and other poultries, chukars have been domesticated in recent
decades to provide meat and eggs. Here we sequenced and assembled a
high-quality, phased-resolved chukar genome, composed of 31 pairs of
relatively complete diploid chromosomes. Genome resequencing and
population genomic analyses of five wild subspecies and one domestic
population provide insights into chukar domestication, population
structure, and adaptive evolution. The results of linkage disequilibrium
are consistent with chukars having weaker domestication than domestic
chickens that experienced intensive domestication. Compared to chicken,
chukar has a specific organization of MHC-B genes, indicating that
chukar has particular immunological adaptability. Notably, we also
provided evidence that wild chukar in China may be originated from the
North China subspecies and domestic chukar may be originated from falki
in China. Overall, our study provides valuable genomic resources for
bird research and conservation and offers insights into chukar
domestication, origin, and adaptation.
Robust adaptive Kalman filter for structural health monitoring
Authors: Yi Shenglun , Su Tingli , Tang ZhenYun
Published: August 2023

Health monitoring is critical for the maintenance and risk management of
reinforced concrete (RC) structures. In this paper, a robust adaptive
Kalman filter is proposed for an interstory drift estimation problem to
show the health condition of RC structures in the case that the
statistics or internal dynamics describing the signals and measurements
are not known precisely. More precisely, we build an adaptive current
Jerk model (ACJM) where the model parameters are updated in each time
step to presuppose the statistics characterization of the RC dynamic,
while the unknown measurement noise covariance is adapted based on a
fixed-lag innovation with respect to measurements. Moreover, a robust
adaptive Kalman filter is designed for the modeling mismatch in each
time increment by solving a minimax game: one “hostile” player tries
to select a worst model far from the proposed ACJM with an exponential
decay tolerance, while an optimum filter is designed by minimizing the
estimation error according to this worst model. Finally, some simulation
and experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed
algorithm.
Modeling ice melt rates from seawater intrusions in the grounding zone of Petermann Gletscher, Greenland.
Authors: Gadi Ratnakar , Rignot Eric , Menemenlis Dimitris
Published: August 2023

Satellite radar interferometry data reveals that the grounding line of
Petermann Glacier, Greenland migrates by several kilometers during the
tidal cycle, bringing pressurized, subsurface, warm ocean waters in
regular contact with a large sector of grounded ice. We use the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model in two
dimensions to calculate the ice melt rates as a function of grounding
zone width and ocean thermal forcing. Ice melt rates are found to be
higher in the grounding zone cavity than anywhere else in the ice shelf
cavity. The melt rates increase sub-linearly with the width of the
grounding zone and ocean thermal forcing. The model results agree well
with remote sensing estimates of ice melt. High basal ice melt rates in
tidally-flushed grounding zones imply that marine-terminating glaciers
are more sensitive to ocean thermal forcing than anticipated, which will
increase their projected contribution to sea level rise.
Update of the Mosquito Fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Sancti Spíritus and Villa Clara Provinces, Cuba
Authors: Duarte Rigoberto Fimia
Published: August 2023

Mosquito borne diseases constitute one of the priority health problems in most tropical countries, with emphasis on species with marked entomoepidemiological importance. The objective of this research was to update the mosquito entomofauna of Sancti Spíritus and Villa Clara provinces, Cuba. The research covered a period of 15 years (2007-2022). For the collection of the data used in the study, they were organized in the Excel application for Windows (years, months, municipalities and accumulated of both provinces), for which a database was created with all the documentary review of the records and statistical files existing in the Provincial Unit of Surveillance and Antivectorial Fight (UPVLA) of Sancti Spíritus and Villa Clara, as well as in the Provincial Departments of Health Statistics of both provinces, where all the entomological history of the work cycles conceived in the municipalities that make up both provinces is compiled. A total of 42 species of mosquitoes (59.15%) distributed in 12 genera were found in Sancti Spíritus province, while in Villa Clara, the figure amounted to 45 species (63.38%) distributed in 13 genera, all this, taking into account the 71 species of mosquitoes currently registered for Cuba. The most frequent and best represented species in both provinces were Anopheles albimanus, Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Cx. nigripalpus and Psorophora confinnis. The species Ae. vittatus was recorded in the two provinces under investigation, which is a highly invasive species. The results showed the great ecological plasticity of the entomofauna of culicidae in both provinces of Cuba.
Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia (CEH) in a Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) kept in Zoo
Authors: Silvestri Paola Morez
Published: August 2023

Cystic endometrial hyperplasia is a neoplasm that affects the reproductive system of uncastrated females. The main causes that lead to the appearance of this disease are the accumulation of exudate and uterine inflammation that, when evolving, can cause sepsis in the animal, increasing the chances of leading to death. Clinical signs of cystic endometrial hyperplasia include anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, depression, polydipsia and polyuria, in addition to purulent vaginal discharge. A common marmoset female arrived at a zoo as a result of illegal trafficking. His history was unknown, but he showed signs of osteodystrophy, which was promptly treated and the case improved. After a few months, the animal showed signs of cystitis, including hematuria and vulvar licking, which was treated with antibiotics and the treatment was successful. However, after being diagnosed again with cystitis, antibiotic therapy was not effective, which led to the indication of an ultrasound examination that indicated the presence of hyperechogenic cysts in the right ovary and uterine enlargement. In view of this, therapeutic castration was chosen, since the zoo was not interested in reproducing the species. Thus, the procedure was successfully performed and the changes indicated in the ultrasound were confirmed. The animal underwent a satisfactory recovery and since then has not had any of the signs it had previously shown. After evaluating all possible treatments, it was concluded that the best option for this case was surgical therapy. However, it is possible that the patient will experience hormonal changes in the future. In view of this, it is extremely important to carry out the correct diagnosis so that the problem is treated as early as possible.
Enriching Lives in Captivity: A Case Study on Stress Reduction in Leptailurus serval through Environmental Enrichment
Authors: Fukushima André Rinaldi
Published: August 2023

This case report describes the application of environmental enrichment in a Leptailurus serval with the aim of reducing stress and stereotypic behaviors observed in the animal. The study was conducted on a private property in São Paulo, Brazil, for a period of four months. The feline was housed in an enclosure measuring 46.4 m2, which included sand substrate, grassy area, trees, a pond, a bed, a den, and platforms. Prior to the study, both normal behaviors and stress-related behaviors were observed. Environmental enrichment actions were planned, involving olfactory, physical, and feeding stimuli. Natural odors such as catnip, chamomile, mint, lemon balm, anise, and high-quality hay were used. These odors were presented to the animal through sachets, toys, and structures scattered throughout the enclosure. Portions of raw chicken were hidden to stimulate hunting behavior. The results showed different levels of interaction between the animal and the environmental enrichment stimuli. There was greater interest and interaction with catnip, chamomile, and mint, while lemon balm and anise resulted in low interaction. High-quality hay generated intense interaction. In conclusion, environmental enrichment provided sensory, physical, and feeding stimuli to the Leptailurus serval, contributing to its well-being, reducing stress, and minimizing stereotypic behaviors. These practices simulated aspects of the animal's natural environment, enriching its life in captivity and promoting its physical and mental health.
Heart Rate Recovery Patterns Following Treadmill Test in Normal Individuals
Authors: SR Mittal
Published: August 2023

Previous studies evaluating heart rate recovery following treadmill test have significant limitations. We evaluated heart rate recovery pattern in ninety five normal individuals of both genders and different age groups after strictly excluding any cardiac or systemic illness. We observed three distinct patterns of heart rate recovery. Some individuals had significant fall in heart rate during the first minute of recovery. Second group had greater reduction in heart rate during second and third minute of recovery. The third group had nearly similar fall in heart rate during first minute of recovery and during next two minute. However all individuals had a reduction of fifty beats per minute or more during initial three minutes of recovery. Subsequently reduction in heart rate was very slow. None of the individuals reached pre-exercise heart rate up to the end of seven minutes of recovery. Our observations will help better planning of future studies trying to correlate significance of heart rate recovery with diagnosis or prognosis.
Female Older t han Fifty Years Need a Different Regression Equation for Calculation of Age Predicted Maximal Heart Rate for Evaluation of Exercise Stress Test Using Bruce Protocol
Authors: SR Mittal
Published: August 2023

There is lack of consensus regarding regression equation to be used for calculation of age predicted maximal heart rate for evaluation of exercise stress test. We evaluated stage wise increase in heart rate during treadmill stress testing using Bruce protocol in seventy normal individual after excluding various confounding factors. We analyzed the data in two genders of different age groups and calculated the statistical significance of difference between different groups. Formula of 220-age was used for calculation of age predicted maximal heart rate. Females older than fifty years could not reach fourth stage. Total increase in heart rate and percentage of age predicted maximal heart rate were also lower in females older than fifty years. Our study shows that 80% of age predicted maximal heart rate is normal for females older than fifty years and should not be ‘considered as chronotropic incompetence.’ There is need for developing a different regression equation for calculation of age predicted maximal heart rate for females older than fifty years.
Major Amputations from Vascular Causes Continued to be a Challenge for the Vascular Surgeon in the 19th Century
Authors: Zamora Jose Luis Cabrera
Published: August 2023

Peripheral arterial disease together with coronary and cerebrovascular disease are the result of atherosclerotic disease, which is why they constitute a major health problem worldwide, despite the important advances that vascular surgery has experienced in recent years. Major amputations due to ischemic causes continue to be part of the surgical practice of vascular surgeons; its incidence has remained stable in recent decades and ranges between 17 and 43 amputations/100.000 inhabitants/year
Kimura Disease: A Diagnostic Perplexity
Authors: Shrestha Sonika Dhari
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Kimura disease (KD) is a rare condition of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. This is more common in young males of Asian descent. The most common clinical presentation is presence of unilateral subcutaneous mass in the head and neck region, especially in post-auricular area. We present a case of KD in 26- year- old Asian man who presented with subcutaneous mass behind both auricles. Case report: A 26- year- old man presented to ORL-HNS outpatient department of tertiary care centre with chief complaint of mass behind both ear for 5 months. Incisional biopsy was performed under local anesthesia. Histopathological examination report confirmed the case as KD. Patient was managed with intralesional triamcinolone injection. Conclusion: Kimura disease, though rare, should be considered in differential diagnosis of head and neck subcutaneous masses. A high-index of suspicion and tissue biopsy confirmation is essential to diagnose this condition.
Public Health Issue of Sleep Health: Standard Time not Daylight Savings Time
Authors: Sexton-Radek Kathy
Published: August 2023

Basics of sleep and the relationship between sleep and health are presented. A description of Standard and Daylight savings times is provided with advantages and inhibitors to sleep health is presented. Finally, adjustments for better sleep are discussed within the context of the current use of daylight savings time (DST).
Effectiveness of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy on Reduction of Stress among Senior Citizens Residing in Selected Old Age Home, Berhampur
Authors: Mohanty Krutideepa
Published: August 2023

One group pretest - posttest pre-experimental research design and quantitative approach was undertaken in Jara Nivas, Gopalpur, Berhampur, Odisha with the objective to assess the effectiveness of PMRT in reduction of stress among senior citizens, residing in selected old age home, Berhampur . A total of 30 sample were selected using convenience sampling technique. A structured demographic questionnaire and Modified Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) was used to collect the data. The results revealed that during pre-test the mean percentage of samples with severe stress was (74.17%) which was reduced to (49.17%) during post-test. The mean difference between the posttest and pre-test overall stress score of senior citizens was found to be highly significant at p=<0.01, df- 29. The study concluded that Progressive muscle relaxation therapy was significantly effective in reducing Stress among Senior citizens residing in selected old age home.
Transcriptome analysis and identification of leaf, tuberous root and fibrous root tissue-specific high temperature stress-responsive genes in sweet potato
Authors: Senthilkumar K M , Raju Saravanan , Velumani Ravi , Gutam Sridhar
Published: August 2023

Sweet Potato is an important food crop, and its production is affected by environmental stresses, including high temperature. The gene expression patterns and molecular responses in different tissues of sweet potato under high temperature stress were studied using microarray data sets. Analysis revealed that modulation in the expression of key genes and pathways associated with various proteins including enzymes under high temperature stress in leaf, fibrous root and storage root tissues. Tissue-specific responses, with both common and unique cellular responses were observed among the tissues. Pathway analysis revealed the differential regulation of genes involved in DNA replication, metabolism, transport, signaling, and stress response during high temperature stress. Six genes viz., DnaJ-domain protein (IpDnaJ), nuclear protein (IpELF5), heat shock protein 90.1 (IpHsp90.1), ABC   transporter   (IpABC)   hydrolase (IpNUDX1)   and alternative oxidase 1a (IpAO1a), were up-regulated in the leaf, fibrous root and tuberous root tissues. These six genes might play an important role in imparting high temperature stress tolerance in the leaf, fibrous root and tuberous root tissues of sweet potato. The information generated provides valuable insights on leaf, tuberous root and fibrous root tissue-specific high temperature stress-responsive genes in sweet potato. These datasets will be helpful in selecting candidate genes and pathways for further functional and genomic analyses, facilitating the genetic improvement of sweet potato with enhanced stress tolerance.
Bill deformities in Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus percnopterus): a noteworthy record from Rajasthan, India
Authors: Punjabi Hira , Samson Arockianathan
Published: August 2023

Beak deformities may be permanent or temporary and are caused by various factors. Despite its vast geographical area in India, there has been little research on beak deformities in wild birds, and few cases have been reported. In the present study, we described, as far as we know, the first known report of a beak deformity in the Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus percnopterus) worldwide. On 6 January 2014, the first author (HP) recorded the Egyptian vulture with a heavily deformed bill on the garbage dump in Jorbeed, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India. The causes of the bill abnormality in this individual are unknown, but our record increases the knowledge of the presence of development deformities in Egyptian vultures. We highlight the importance of photographs as a valuable tool for documenting bird beak deformities. In conclusion, we encourage other researchers to report the records of beak deformities, which is necessary for a better understanding of this phenomenon and its insights into the ecological and physiological implications of this condition considerably affecting bird survival.
Las máquinas de los hombres: mecanización de la cosecha de caña de azúcar en América Latina y el Caribe durante el nuevo orden azucarero planetario de Guerra Fría, (1960-1975)
Authors: Velarde Martínez Luis Francisco
Published: August 2023

Resumen:
En este texto se analizan algunos ejemplos de mecanización en la recolecta de caña de azúcar en América Latina y el Caribe entre 1960 y 1975, enfatizando la oferta de maquinaria especializada proporcionada por los fabricantes estadounidenses, australianos y alemanes, agrupados en torno al bloque capitalista, y resaltando el aporte soviético en el diseño de cosechadoras para el corte y el alza automatizados en la Cuba socialista. La perspectiva desde la que se aborda el objeto de estudio se aproxima a una mirada global, en el sentido de que las transferencias de tecnología desde los centros de poder económico —altamente desarrollados en sus industrias pesada y de maquinaria— hacia las periferias azucareras latinoamericanas y caribeñas —subdesarrolladas, exportadoras de materias primas y exportadoras de azúcar crudo— se desplegaron en una escenario constituido a partir del entrelazamiento de redes económicas, políticas y culturales dentro del orden planetario impuesto por la Guerra Fría, específicamente a través de la configuración de dos proyectos de modernidad pretendidamente distintos: la modernización capitalista y la vía socialista hacia el desarrollo.
Palabras clave: Mecanización, cosechadoras, Guerra Fría, sistema de producción del azúcar.
Apego al lugar: conservación y economía ejidal en el Parque Nacional Cofre de Perote (México)
Authors: Vallejo Román Janett
Published: August 2023

Resumen
El presente trabajo examina algunas dificultades que poseen las áreas protegidas, que son propias de un modelo que llamaremos clásico o sin moradores, relacionado con el control político y territorial del Estado frente a las poblaciones tradicionales que realizan el usufructo de algunos recursos. A partir del estudio de caso del Parque Nacional Cofre de Perote, en el estado de Veracruz, México, se analiza, desde una perspectiva etnográfica, cómo los esquemas restrictivos de las áreas de conservación se contraponen con las necesidades de sobrevivencia de los pobladores, de manera que las poblaciones tradicionales ligadas a la pequeña agricultura, ganadería y recolección se ven obligadas a contradecir normativas valoradas y de alto impacto en los inicios del siglo XXI, frente a problemas urgentes como la degradación ambiental y el cambio climático. Con base en ello, se discute la potencialidad que puede tener la idea de apego al lugar como expresión de emociones en las políticas y normativas en términos de conservación ambiental y de mitigación del cambio climático.
Palabras clave: Áreas protegidas, conservación, apego al lugar, política ambiental, territorio.
A ECOPEDAGOGIA COMO DIFUSORA DE PRÁTICAS EDUCATIVAS EM TORNO DAS QUESTÕES DE GÊNERO E DIVERSIDADE CULTURAL
Authors: Bomfim Nobre Suelen , Schilling Da Silva Franciele , Souza Da Silva Priscila Maria , Zucchetti Dinora Tereza
Published: August 2023

As pedagogias tradicionais eram antropocêntricas, já a Ecopedagogia é globalizadora, centrada no socioconstrutivismo e tem sua base teórico-metodológica na Educação Ambiental Crítica, buscando promover uma formação integral, a partir de uma visão sistêmica, acerca das relações ecológicas e sociais, contribuindo para a valorização das diversidades. Neste cenário, este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o potencial da Ecopedagogia na difusão de práticas educativas que promovam a tematização das questões de gênero e diversidade cultural, em espaços escolares e não escolares. Para tanto, em uma abordagem qualitativa-exploratória, esta pesquisa se consolidou de forma crítico-colaborativa, adotando como instrumento o método científico dedutivo. Foram avaliadas produções científicas publicadas no âmbito nacional, na área de Educação, no recorte temático Ecopedagogia, no período de 2000-2023, em bases eletrônicas. Os estudos visitados sinalizam que, a cidadania ambiental e a cultura da sustentabilidade precisam ser fomentadas a partir de práticas ecopedagógicas, que promovam a reflexão-ação, por meio de questões emergentes na modernidade, arreigadas no capitalismo e do patriarcado, com destaque para o seguintes temas: mudanças climáticas; diversidade cultural; inclusão de pessoas com deficiência; educação para a sexualidade; ecofeminismo; ecossocialismo. Somente a partir destas reflexões, caminharemos para construção de uma Ecopedagogia, sensível e potente, confluente às complexas problemáticas socioambientais, emergentes no século XXI, e garantindo o respeito a diversidade, às formas de vida, bem como todas às expressões e manifestações culturais e sociais.
Literature Review Gambaran Pengetahuan, Sikap, Perilaku Tenaga Kesehatan Terhadap Penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri Selama Periode Covid-19
Authors: Setiawan Dian , Rohimah Siti , Nurkholik Sidik Permana Dedeng
Published: August 2023

COVID-19 yaitu penyakit yang di tularkan salah satunya melalui udara, yang mengakibatkan gejala seperti demam, sesak, batuk, diare yang di temukan pertama kali di Wuhan. Saat ini tenaga kesehatan menjadi garda terdepan dalam penanganan pasien positif infeksi virus Covid-19. Namun, inilah yang menyebabkan tenaga Kesehatan menjadi kelompok yang rentan tertular karena sebagian besar faktor terpaparnya penyakit covid disebabkan oleh ketidak tauan bagaimana cara menggunakan alat pelindung diri sesuai SOP. Tujuan dari Literatur Review ini ialah untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku tenaga Kesehatan terhadap penggunaan APD. Desain pada penelitian ini menggunakan literature review. Subjek penelitian menggunakan jurnal nasional maupun internasional yang didapatkan dengan menggunakan database penelitian PubMed, Proquest dan google scholar dengan menggunakan kata kunci pengetahuan OR Knowladge AND sikap OR Attitude AND Perilaku OR Compliance AND Alat Pelindung Diri OR Protective equipment use OR PPE Compliance AND Covid-19 OR Coronavirus Disease 2019, OR Covid-19 pandemic OR Pandemi Covid 19. Literature dilakukan pada bulan juni-juli tahun 2022. jurnal yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah terbitan tahun 2020-2022. Hasil pencarian dan sleksi jurnal menggunakan PRISMA didapatkan 10 jurnal yang releven. 10 jurnal dalam literature review ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 7 jurnal memiliki pengetahuan yang baik, 3 jurnal pengetahuan cukup. Kemudian untuk sikap dari 3 jurnal memiliki sikap yang positif dan dari 1 jurnal memiliki perilaku yang baik. Dari jurnal yang sudah di telaah oleh peneliti bahwa tenaga Kesehatan yang berpengetahuan baik memiliki dampak positif terhadap sikap, perilaku dalam penggunaan alat pelindung diri Covid-19. Sehingga kecil resiko terpaparnya virus inpeksius seperti Covid-19.
Importance of Theories to the Processes of Educational Policymaking and Planning: A Case Study on the Recent Educational Developments in Ghana
Authors: Donkoh Ruth , Lee Wing O. , Donkor Josephine , Akotey Martin K. , Twerefoo Portia Oware , Boateng Solomon A
Published: August 2023

Although theories and processes of educational policymaking and planning are relevant in educational development, an assessment of them in Ghana revealed that they are boycotted; hence, the inability of educational developments to achieve their objectives. This article reports on a study that analysed the theories, and processes of educational policymaking and planning on the recent educational development in Ghana. From the findings, the article argues that the recognition of theories and approaches to policymaking and planning can help to bring sanity to the situation and overhaul Ghana’s educational system. This can be achieved by allowing educational stakeholders to do due diligence on their work in order to achieve their educational objectives.
Development of a General Organophosphorus Radical Trap: Deoxyphosphonylation of Alcohols
Authors: Bissonnette Noah B. , Bisballe Niels , Tran Andrew V. , Rossi-Ashton James A. , MacMillan David W. C.
Published: August 2023

Here we report the conceptualization and design of a general, redox switchable organophosphorus alkyl radical trap enabling the synthesis of a broad range of C(sp3)–P(V) modalities. This plug-and-play approach relies upon an in-situ activation of alcohols and dialkyl phosphites, two broadly available sources of molecular complexity. The mild, photocatalytic deoxygenative strategy employed here allows for the direct transformation of sugars, nucleosides, and complex pharmaceutical architectures to their organophosphorus analogs, including medicinally relevant phosphonate ester prodrugs.
q-Gaussians and the SERS Spectral Bands of L-Cysteine
Authors: Sparavigna Amelia Carolina
Published: August 2023

Here we consider the q-Gaussian Tsallis functions for being applied to analyses of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) spectral bands, as we have previously proposed them for the deconvolution of Raman bands. The case study here analyzed is that of L-Cysteine and silver colloids, prepared with sodium citrate (data provided by Sherman et al., 2020).
q-Gaussians and the SERS Spectral Bands of L-Cysteine and Cysteamine
Authors: Sparavigna Amelia Carolina
Published: August 2023

Here we consider the q-Gaussian Tsallis functions for being applied to analyses of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) spectral bands, as we have previously proposed them for the deconvolution of Raman bands. The case studies here analyzed are those of L-Cysteine and Cysteamine in silver colloids, prepared with sodium citrate (data provided by Sherman et al., 2020).
Balance between physical interpretability and energetic predictability in widely used dispersion-corrected density functionals
Authors: Dasgupta Saswata , Palos Etienne , Pan Yuanhui , Paesani Francesco
Published: August 2023

We assess the performance of different dispersion models for several popular density functionals across a diverse set of non-covalent systems, ranging from the benzene dimer to molecular crystals. By analyzing the interaction energies and their individual components, we demonstrate that there exists variability across different systems for empirical dispersion models, which are calibrated for reproducing the interaction energies of specific systems. Thus, parameter fitting may undermine the underlying physics, as dispersion models rely on error compensation among the different components of the interaction energy. Energy decomposition analyses reveal that, the accuracy of revPBE-D3 for some aqueous systems originates from significant compensation between dispersion and charge transfer energies. However, revPBE-D3 is less accurate in describing systems where error compensation is incomplete, such as the benzene dimer. Such cases highlight the propensity for unpredictable behavior in various dispersion-corrected density functionals across a wide range of molecular systems, akin to the behavior of force fields. On the other hand, we find that SCAN-rVV10, a targeted-dispersion approach, affords significant reductions in errors associated with the lattice energies of molecular crystals, whilst it has limited accuracy in reproducing structural properties. Given the ubiquitous nature of non-covalent interactions and the key role of density functional theory in computational sciences, the future development of dispersion models should prioritize the faithful description of the dispersion energy, a shift that promises greater accuracy in capturing the underlying physics across diverse molecular and extended systems.
Crystallographic evidence for global aromaticity in the di-anion and tetra-anion of a cyclophane hydrocarbon
Authors: Stawski Wojciech , Zhu Yikun , Wei Zheng , Petrukhina Marina , Anderson Harry
Published: August 2023

[2(4)]Paracyclophanetetraene is a classic example of a macrocyclic hydrocarbon that becomes globally aromatic on reduction to the di-anion, and switches to globally anti-aromatic in the tetra-anion. This redox activity makes it promising as an electrode material for batteries. Here, we report the solid-state structures of the di- and tetra-anions of this cyclophane, in several coordination environments. The changes in bond length on reduction yield insights into the global aromaticity of the di-anion (26 π electrons), and anti-aromaticity of the tetra-anion (28 π electrons), that were previously deduced from NMR spectra of species generated in situ. The experimental geometries of the aromatic di-anion and anti-aromatic tetra-anion from X-ray crystallographic data match well with gas-phase calculated structures, and reproduce the low symmetry expected in the anti-aromatic ring. Comparison of coordinated and naked anions confirms that metal coordination has little effect on the bond lengths. The UV-vis-NIR absorption spectra show a sharp intense peak at 878 nm for the di-anion, whereas the tetra-anion gives a broad spectrum typical of an anti-aromatic system.
Growing strings in a chemical reaction space for searching retrosynthesis pathways
Authors: Zipoli Federico , Baldassari Carlo , Manica Matteo , Born Jannis , Laino Teodoro
Published: August 2023

Machine learning algorithms have shown great accuracy in predicting chemical reaction outcomes and retrosynthesis. However, designing synthesis pathways remains challenging for existing machine learning models which are trained for single-step prediction. In this manuscript, we propose a new approach by recasting the retrosynthesis problem as a string optimization problem, leveraging the similarity between chemical reactions and multidimensional geometrical vectors. Based on this premise, multi-step complex synthesis can be conceptualized as sequences that link multidimensional vectors (fingerprints) representing individual chemical reaction steps. We extracted an extensive corpus of chemical synthesis from patents and converted them into multi-dimensional strings. While optimizing the retrosynthetic path, we use the Euclidean metric to minimize the distance between the expanded trajectory of the growing retrosynthesis string and the corpus of extracted strings. By doing so, we promote the assembly of synthetic pathways that, in the chemical reaction space, will be more similar to existing retrosynthesis, thereby inheriting the strategic guidelines designed by human experts. We integrated this approach into the RXN platform (https://rxn.res.ibm.com/) and present the method’s application to complex synthesis as well as its ability to produce better synthetic strategies than current methodologies.
Predicting nearest neighbor free energies of modified RNA with LIE: Results for pseudouridine and N1-methylpseudouridine within RNA duplexes
Authors: Dutta Nivedita , Sarzynska Joanna , Deb Indrajit , Lahiri Ansuman
Published: August 2023

Pseudouridine and N1-methylpseudouridine are the key modifications in the field of mRNA therapeutics and vaccine research. The accuracy of the design and development of therapeutic RNAs containing such modifications requires the accuracy of the secondary structure prediction, that depends on the nearest neighbor (NN) thermodynamic parameters for the standard and modified residues. The development of such NN thermodynamic parameters requires expensive and time-consuming experimental studies. There were some earlier attempts to predict the NN free energies of modified RNA using computational methods but those are either computationally expensive or not accurate enough. Here, we propose a new protocol based on MD simulations, which is able to predict the NN free energy parameters (ΔG◦37) for U-A, Ψ-A and m1Ψ-A pairs in general agreement with the recent experimental reports. We report the NN thermodynamic parameters for different U, Ψ and m1Ψ base pairs, which might be helpful for a deeper understanding of the effect of these modifications in RNA. The presence of m1Ψ resulted in more stable NN pairs compared to those containing U or Ψ. The predicted NN free energy parameters in this study are able to closely reproduce the folding free energies of duplexes containing internal Ψ for which the thermodynamic data were available. Additionally, we report the predicted folding free energies for the duplexes containing internal m1Ψ.
Моделирование методом молекулярной динамики особенностей структуры и подвижности ионов органических солей [N(CnH2n+1)4]BF4 (n= 1, 2)
Authors: Гайнутдинов И.И. , Уваров Н.Ф. , Дун M.
Published: August 2023

Методом молекулярной динамики моделировались органические соли - тетрабутиламмония и тетраэтиламмония борофлюораты, в чистом виде и в составе композита с α-Al2O3, ограниченного плоскостью (110). Полученные характерные температуры – замерзания, изменения структуры, согласуются с экспериментальными данными. В композите аморфная органическая соль переходит в частично упорядоченное состояние со слоистой структурой, формируемой контактным взаимодействием оксида и соли.
Investigation of Chlorophyll Mutations in Gamma Irradiated Naked Barley Genotypes
Authors: Ergün Namuk , Akdogan Güray , İkincikarakaya Saime
Published: August 2023

The consumption of naked barley is significantly increasing as more people become aware of its benefi-cial role as a source of dietary fiber and β-glucan. As a result, breeding programs paid more attention to naked barley. Improvement of yield and quality of naked barley is hindered by the lack of available germplasm. Mutation breeding is an effective tool for generating variation for plant breeding. Chlorophyll mutations are often used as visual indicators in breeding research to determine the optimum mutagen dosage. The purpose of this study was to identify the types and frequency of chlorophyll mutations brought on by different gamma radiation doses in two genotypes of hulless barley and determine the effective dose (ED50) based on the mutation frequency. Seeds of naked barley line YAA7050-14 and cv. Yalin that have been irradiated with doses of 100, 150, 200, and 300 Gy gamma rays delivered by a Cobalt-60 source. Chlorophyll mutations were observed in 8-day-old M2 plants grown under greenhouse conditions. In the M2 plants of cv. Yalin, the highest mutagen frequency was observed at 250 and 300 Gy, while in line YAA7050-14, the highest mutation frequency was found at 300 Gy. The rate of chlorophyll mutation rose in both genotypes as the gamma ray doses increased. The albino type of chlorophyll muta-tion was found in the cv. Yalin at the greatest rate, whereas the xantha type was found in the line YAA7050-14. The most common chlorophyll mutation type was albino, while the least common type was viridis when both genotypes were considered together. Based on the mutation frequency, 250-300 Gy doses could be used to effectively in further research to create mutations in the naked barley genotypes.
Benchmarking the infrared dark cloud G351.77-0.53: Gaia DR3 distance, mass distribution, and star formation content.
Authors:   , Stutz Amelia Marie
Published: August 2023

Presentamos un estudio sobre la actividad global de formación de estrellas en la nube molecular G351.77-0.54 (G351 en adelante). La nube se caracteriza por su estructura filamentosa y opaca al infrarrojo (IR), y por evidenciar formación de un proto- cúmulo de estrellas. Nuestro objetivo es establecer sus propiedades de formación estelar y compararlas con las de otras regiones estándar, como la nube de Orion-A y sus subestructuras. Comenzamos caracterizando sus Objetos Estelares Jóvenes (YSOs, por sus siglas en inglés) usando YSOs de archivo e identificando nuevos YSOs. Combinamos estas fuentes con las de Gaia DR3 y, a partir de los paralajes promedio de miembros probables de la nube, obtenemos una distancia de 2,0 0,15 kpc, resolviendo la gran ambiguedad en literatura sobre la distancia. Usando nuestro mapa de N(H2) derivado de Herschel, medimos una masa total de 10200 M (en un área de 11 pc2 ) para el filamento, además de su perfil de masa promediada por unidad de longitud, el cual modelamos como una simple ley de potencia 1585(w/pc) 0,62 M pc−1 , donde w es el radio (projectado en el cielo) del filamento. Nuestro perfil es dominado por la emisión del filamento dentro de w 0,63 pc, donde tanto el perfil como el índice de potencia de son mayores que los de Orion A y sus subestructuras, excepto los del centro del Cúmulo de Orion (para w 0,19 pc). Esto demuestra que G351 contiene un gran reservorio de gas denso, el cual puede potencialmente acelerar su formación de estrellas. A partir de las YSOs vistas en el filamento (dentro de w 0,63 pc), estimamos su Eficiencia y Tasa de Formación Estelar (SFE y SFR respectivamente, por sus siglas en inglés), aplicando un factor de 5 para corregir la incompletitud del catálogo de YSOs, calibrado a la distancia de Orion A. Así, la SFE de G351 es 1,8 veces menor que la de Orion A y menor que la del valor medio de las nubes moleculares locales de la Galaxia. Para diferentes contornos de emisión de N(H2), medimos SFRs y masas de gas para estimar la Eficiencia por tiempo de free-fall (εff) de G351, y verificar leyes de formación propuestas para nubes locales Observamos que nuestro εff es 1.1 dex inferior al promedio de dicha ley, y 4,7 inferior al de Orion A. Estas observaciones indican que tal ley de formación estelar no refleja las variaciones presentes en sistemas formadores de estrellas de la Galaxia. Finalmente, especulamos que una acentuada juventud y/o campos magnéticos podrían explicar la ineficiencia para formar estrellas de G351.