bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inpatient Care of Parkinson’s Disease in Germany: A Study of Costs and Length of Stay With Particular Reference to an Interdisciplinary Approach
Authors: Romeyke Tobias , Noehammer Elisabeth , Scheuer Hans Christoph , Stummer Harald
Published: August 2018

This article describes outcomes of the complex therapy of Parkinson’s disease according to Operation and Procedure Code 8-97d, an interdisciplinary approach to the treatment of Morbus Parkinson established in Germany. The code defines mandatory minimum requirements for the organizational structures and processes of hospital treatment. The aim of the study was to analyze profession-related treatment costs, accompanying diseases and hospitalization times for inpatient Parkinson therapy and to compare these for interdisciplinary versus conventional approaches. A structured procedure analysis was carried out. Indication-based cost calculations and an analysis of secondary diagnoses were performed. In addition to the primary diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease, all patients surveyed are suffering from further diseases in Major Diagnostic Category (MDC) 1, 5, 6, 10, 11, and 23. Among the patients surveyed who were receiving complex therapy, secondary diagnoses falling into MDC 8 dominated. The average hospitalization time for those patients receiving interdisciplinary treatment for Parkinson’s disease was 18.16 days, significantly longer than the 12.01 days for the comparison group. Analysis of the costs revealed significant differences in the total costs of medical service and in the personnel and operating costs of nonmedical infrastructure. The high standards demanded of the hospital structure for the provision of interdisciplinary services, together with a prescribed therapy density including quality assurance assessments, result in patients being hospitalized for longer; this is reflected in higher costs. Treatment of Parkinson’s patients should not only include the primary disease but also any accompanying diseases. For this, appropriate reimbursement higher than for the conventional Parkinson’s diagnosis-related group (DRG) is needed.
Split Tickets? On the Strategic Allocation of Presidential Versus Vice Presidential Campaign Visits in 2016
Authors: Devine Christopher J. , Kopko Kyle C.
Published: August 2018

This article analyzes the strategic allocation of presidential campaign visits in 2016. In particular, we test whether each campaign disproportionately targeted its presidential versus vice presidential candidates’ visits toward voters with whom they shared a salient demographic or political characteristic. Our purpose in doing so is to discern whether—and, if so, among which groups—the campaigns perceived the candidates as having a strategic advantage in appealing to affiliated voters. To this end, we analyze an original database of 2016 campaign visits that includes local population characteristics for each host site. Our results indicate that each ticket’s visits were highly coordinated across states, but frequently divergent within states. At the substate level, we find several systematic differences in the populations visited by presidential versus vice presidential candidates—in some cases aligning with a candidate’s personal characteristics. We discuss these findings’ implications with respect to campaign strategy and vice presidential selection.
Comparison of two alternative wound closure methods for tumor arthroplasty of the hip: A frequency matched cohort study
Authors: Hettwer Werner H , Horstmann Peter F , Wu Chunsen , Petersen Michael M
Published: August 2018

Objective:

To examine the effect of an alternative wound closure method after tumor arthroplasty of the hip compared to routine wound closure with skin staples.

Method:

Single center, frequency matched cohort study. We reviewed all patients who underwent tumor resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction of the proximal femur for pathologic fracture due to metastatic bone disease or malignant hematologic bone disease at our center between 2010 and 2014. All patients treated with occlusive wound closure (OWC), a combination of intradermal suture, Steri-Strips™, and an occlusive skin adhesive, during this period ( n = 35), were compared to an equally sized frequency matched group of patients having undergone routine wound closure with conventional skin staples.

Results:

Patients with OWC were significantly faster to achieve dry wound status and consequently had significantly shorter administration of antibiotics and hospital stay. Compared to the patients with conventional wound closure with staples, their wounds were already dry after a mean 3.4 days (vs. 6.7 days [95%CI: 3–3.8 vs. 5.5–7.9], p < 0.0001), they received antibiotics for a mean 4.2 days (vs. 6.8 days [95%CI: 3.7–4.8 vs. 5.5–8.0], p < 0.0003) and their mean hospital stay was 6.3 days (vs. 8.0 days [95%CI: 5.5–7 vs. 6.8–9.3], p < 0.015). Prolonged wound discharge (PWD) for 7 days or more was observed in 34% of patients ( n = 12) in the conventional group, whereas this complication was completely absent ( n = 0) in the investigational group. For every three patients treated with OWC, one complication of PWD over 7 days is avoided (number needed to treat = 3).

Conclusion:

Compared to conventional staples, OWC appears to significantly reduce wound complications, use of antibiotics, and hospital stay in patients undergoing tumor arthroplasty procedures of the hip. As such, it may also contribute to a reduction of the substantially increased risk for prosthetic joint infection in this patient population.
Effect of Concussions on Lower Extremity Injury Rates at a Division I Collegiate Football Program
Authors: Krill Matthew L. , Nagelli Christopher , Borchers James , Krill Michael K. , Hewett Timothy E.
Published: August 2018

Background:

Football has one of the highest injury rates (IRs) in sports, ranging from 4.1 to 8.6 per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs). Previous research has reported that athletes may be at an increased risk of suffering lower extremity (LE) injuries after a concussion.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate of LE injuries in collegiate football athletes after a concussion. We predicted that the overall LE IR would increase after a concussion and that each position group would also demonstrate a similar increase in LE injuries after a concussion.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

Daily attendance and injury records were prospectively collected by licensed team medical providers for the 2012 through 2016 college football regular seasons. Each injury report included the date of injury, position group, body part injured, and type of injury. IRs per 1000 AEs with 95% CIs were calculated to evaluate LE injuries at different time points after a concussion (remainder of season, next season, any additional seasons) and by months (<6 months, 6-12 months, >12 months). Mid- P exact tests were utilized to establish injury rate ratios (IRRs) to compare the IR between variables.

Results:

There was no significant difference in LE IRRs between the athletes post- versus preconcussion ( P = .20) or between the postconcussion and no concussion (control) athletes ( P = .08). There was an increased LE IR beyond 12 months in the postconcussion group (IR, 9.08 [95% CI, 3.68-18.89]) compared with the no concussion group (IR, 2.88 [95% CI, 2.04-3.96]) (IRR, 3.16 [95% CI, 1.21-7.15]; P = .02). Line position players had an increase in LE injuries after a concussion (IRR, 6.22 [95% CI, 1.31-23.68]; P = .03) compared with linemen with no concussion.

Conclusion:

There was no initial increase in LE IRs immediately after a concussion; however, there was an increased LE IR more than 12 months after a concussion. There was no increase in LE IRs demonstrated by skill and other position groups. Line position players experienced an increased LE IR the next season after a concussion or greater than 12 months after the injury.
A Conceptual Model for Emergency Department Patient Experience
Authors: Sonis Jonathan D , Aaronson Emily L , Castagna Allison , White Benjamin
Published: August 2018

Emergency department (ED) patient experience continues to be a growing area of focus for ED physicians, administrators, and regulatory agencies. Recent literature has suggested a strong correlation between positive ratings of patient experience and important health system goals, including improved clinical outcomes and care quality, increased staff satisfaction, and reduced medicolegal risk. However, given the myriad of factors driving ED patient experience, identifying effective and synergistic interventions can present a challenge, especially in the setting of limited ED resources. Utilizing the themes identified in a recent systematic review of the ED patient experience literature, we developed a conceptual “logic model” of ED patient experience in order to provide a broadly applicable framework for practical intervention and to guide further study of ED patient experience interventions. The logic model was modified in an iterative fashion through review by local patient and staff groups as well as a national interest group until arriving at the current, comprehensive version. Here, we describe the creation of the logic model and, with the aim of providing a framework for readers to develop similar models for their practice settings, provide a case discussion of its use by an ED medical director.
Perception of Caring Among Patients and Nurses
Authors: Thomas Diane , Newcomb Patricia , Fusco Phylann
Published: August 2018

Background:

Empirical evidence supports the contention that implementing caring nurse behaviors results in improved patient experience; however, previous studies find differences between patient and nurse perceptions of caring.

Significance:

Good patient experience is positively related to desired clinical and financial outcomes. Nurse caring is a critical component in the patient experience.

Objective:

The purposes of this project were to evaluate the congruency between nurse and patient perceptions of nurse caring in a long-term acute care hospital and to determine how much patient perception of nurse caring changes over time.

Method:

The study employed mixed methods using a triangulation strategy in which quantitative data from patients and qualitative data from nurses were collected simultaneously and compared for interpretation.

Results:

Time affected patient perception of caring significantly. Patients and nurses disagreed about the extent to which nurses ask patients what they know about their illnesses, help them deal with bad feelings, and make them feel comfortable.

Conclusion:

Patients and nurses do not always agree about the quality of caring behaviors, but exposure to nurses over time positively affects patient perception of nurse caring.
‘Right-Left-Right’ and Caste Politics: The Scheduled Castes in West Bengal Assembly Elections (from 1920 to 2016)
Authors: Barman Rup Kumar
Published: August 2018

Since the beginning of the provincial election in the early twentieth century, ‘caste’ has been a ‘political issue’ in India. It transformed into a matter of serious political contradiction when the ‘reservation’ was introduced in India. After the independence of India, in all provincial and parliamentary elections starting from to 1952 till date, organized political parties have further contributed to the ‘process of politicization of caste’. Truly speaking, caste is now a ‘determinant factor’ for formation of the union government. This trend has been equally detected in certain provinces of India especially where the Scheduled Castes (SCs) have substantial concentration. West Bengal, with 21,463,270 SC population (i.e., 23.5% of the state’s population), has been experiencing caste politics since 1952. However, the SCs of this state have been used in electoral politics merely as ‘voters’. They were controlled by the ‘Rights’, till 1962. The period from 1962 to 1976 was a transitional phase from the ‘Rights’ to ‘Lefts’. The ‘Lefts’ established their control over the SCs in 1977. However, re-emergence of the ‘Rights’ (particularly of the All India Trinamool Congress [AITMC]) in 2011 has transformed the SCs as the ‘puppet dancers’ under the direction of the ‘Rights’.
Applying Systematic Instruction to Teach ELA Skills Using Fictional Novels via an iPad App
Authors: Mims Pamela J. , Stanger Carol , Sears Julie A. , White Wendee B.
Published: August 2018

Increasingly, researchers have successfully identified strategies to promote comprehension to students who are nonreaders. Further research is needed to replicate these promising results. In the current study, we used a multiple probe across participants design to evaluate the effectiveness of an iPad app, which incorporates evidence-based practices such as constant time delay and system of least prompts, on the acquisition of targeted vocabulary and comprehension of four middle school students with significant intellectual and developmental disability (SIDD). Findings suggest that the intervention resulted in improved performance across all participants and that some generalization and maintenance of skills was seen. Limitations and implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Practitioner Perceptions of Algebra Strategy and Intervention Use to Support Students With Mathematics Difficulty or Disability in Rural Texas
Authors: Hott Brittany L. , Dibbs Rebecca-Anne , Naizer Gil , Raymond Lesli , Reid Campbell C. , Martin Amelia
Published: August 2018

Students with mathematics difficulties and disabilities require evidence-based instructional strategies and interventions to improve their mathematical performance. Dissemination of these practices to teachers in rural settings presents specific challenges, including lack of Internet access, few discretionary resources, and geographic isolation. This mixed-method study explored rural Texas teachers’ perceptions of their algebra content knowledge; their comfort with strategies, interventions, and resources; and professional development experiences related to students with mathematics difficulties and disabilities. Findings suggest that teachers are unfamiliar with or do not regularly implement evidence-based strategies and report regular use of strategies such as learning styles that have a limited evidence base. A discussion of findings includes suggestions for professional development tailored to the needs of rural Texas algebra teachers.
Understanding asthma phenotypes: the World Asthma Phenotypes (WASP) international collaboration
Authors: Pembrey Lucy , Barreto Mauricio L. , Douwes Jeroen , Cooper Philip , Henderson John , Mpairwe Harriet , Ardura-Garcia Cristina , Chico Martha , Brooks Collin , Cruz Alvaro A. , Elliott Alison M. , Figueiredo Camila A. , Langan Sinéad M. , Nassanga Beatrice , Ring Susan , Rodrigues Laura , Pearce Neil
Published: August 2018

The World Asthma Phenotypes (WASP) study started in 2016 and has been conducted in five centres, in the UK, New Zealand, Brazil, Ecuador and Uganda.

The objectives of this study are to combine detailed biomarker and clinical information in order to 1) better understand and characterise asthma phenotypes in high-income countries (HICs) and low and middle-income countries (LMICs), and in high and low prevalence centres; 2) compare phenotype characteristics, including clinical severity; 3) assess the risk factors for each phenotype; and 4) assess how the distribution of phenotypes differs between high prevalence and low prevalence centres.

Here we present the rationale and protocol for the WASP study to enable other centres around the world to carry out similar analyses using a standardised protocol. Large collaborative and integrative studies like this are essential to further our understanding of asthma phenotypes. The findings of this study will help elucidate the aetiological mechanisms of asthma and might potentially identify new causes and guide the development of new treatments, thereby enabling better management and prevention of asthma in both HICs and LMICs.
Materials characterization of the Ruby Slippers from the 1939 classic film, The Wizard of Oz
Authors: Douglas Janet G. , Kavich Gwénaëlle , Mori Chika , Wallace Dawn , Barden Richard
Published: August 2018

This article presents a comprehensive materials characterization of a pair of Ruby Slippers used in the 1939 classic film The Wizard of Oz, which has been one of the most popular objects on exhibition at Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History (NMAH) since it entered the collection in 1979. The shoes have been on almost constant display with few instances for study during its time at NMAH, and they remain one of the most visited objects within the museum. Plans for an upcoming permanent exhibit, and visible deterioration of the decades-old shoes, led to the present study, which was the first phase of a major effort to preserve this iconic item of cultural heritage for future generations to enjoy. Materials characterization was used to determine the composition of construction materials and condition of the Ruby Slippers to help plan for the optimal environmental conditions for continued display. The current study is also viewed as a valuable opportunity to learn about the original construction and subsequent history of the Ruby Slippers to inform and enrich NMAH’s curatorial research, public programs, and media initiatives. Analytical methods used to characterize the shoes’ components include micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (µ-XRF), micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (µ-FTIR), polarized light microscopy (PLM), and high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector–mass spectrometry (HPLC–DAD–MS).
Values and democracy in East Asia and Europe: a comparison
Authors: Schmidt Carmen Elisabeth
Published: August 2018

This article deals with values and democracy in East Asia and Europe, comparing them. Based on the data collected by the WVS, we address the following questions: To what extent does cultural-religious background, such as Confucianism in the case of East Asia, affect the direction of value change? Is this influence even stronger than structural settings? Is there a link between value change, ethic-religious background, and democracy? We clearly distinguish between the value change that occurred in the ‘first’ or ‘simple’ modernity, and that during the ‘second’ modernity. According to Western value change discourse, the ‘first’ modernity witnessed a value change from traditional-religious to secular-rational values, but this did not necessarily lead to democracy. For the ‘second’ modernity, a shift from material to post-materialist values and an intensifying of the demand for self-expression values was predicted. Triggered by rising education levels, this leads to a rising demand for democracy. The researches of the WVSs also found a paradox: that people in authoritarian nations also tended to support liberal democracy, which is why it has been argued that it is more important to research support for authoritarian notions of democracy. Our analysis shows that the Confucian countries rank high concerning the level of secular-rational values. Concerning self-expression values, in contrast, these countries show only low change levels. Therefore, democracy finds relatively low levels of support among these countries. Specifically, in Japan, where education levels are as high as in Germany, the support for liberal notions of democracy was comparatively low, what can be called the `second paradox’. Thus, the expectations of Western value change discourse, which predicts a general shift to more democracy in the ‘second’ modernity, are unfulfilled. Overall, our analysis revealed that the ethic-religious background plays a key role in value change and seems to be as influential as structural setting.
Understanding the Role of Advanced Practice Providers in Oncology in the United States
Authors: Bruinooge Suanna S. , Pickard Todd A. , Vogel Wendy , Hanley Amy , Schenkel Caroline , Garrett-Mayer Elizabeth , Tetzlaff Eric , Rosenzweig Margaret , Hylton Heather , Westin Shannon N. , Smith Noël , Lynch Conor , Kosty Michael P. , Williams Stephanie F.
Published: August 2018

Purpose:

Advanced practice providers (APPs, which include nurse practitioners [NPs] and physician assistants [PAs]) are integral members of oncology teams. This study aims first to identify all oncology APPs and, second, to understand personal and practice characteristics (including compensation) of those APPs.

Methods:

We identified APPs who practice oncology from membership and claims data. We surveyed 3,055 APPs about their roles in clinical care.

Results:

We identified at least 5,350 APPs in oncology and an additional 5,400 who might practice oncology. Survey respondents totaled 577, which provided a 19% response rate. Results focused on 540 NPs and PAs. Greater than 90% reported satisfaction with career choice. Respondents identified predominately as white (89%) and female (94%). NPs and PAs spent the majority (80%) of time in direct patient care. The top four patient care activities were patient counseling (NPs, 94%; PAs, 98%), prescribing (NPs, 93%; PAs, 97%), treatment management (NPs, 89%; PAs, 93%), and follow-up visits (NPs, 81%; PAs, 86%). A majority of all APPs reported both independent and shared visits (65% hematology/oncology/survivorship/prevention/pediatric hematology/oncology; 85% surgical/gynecologic oncology; 78% radiation oncology). A minority of APPs reported that they conducted only shared visits. Average annual compensation was between $113,000 and $115,000, which is approximately $10,000 higher than average pay for nononcology APPs.

Conclusion:

We identified 5,350 oncology APPs and conclude that number may be as high as 7,000. Survey results suggest that practices that incorporate APPs routinely rely on them for patient care. Given the increasing number of patients with and survivors of cancer, APPs are important to ensure access to quality cancer care now and in the future.
Bees with attitude: the effects of directed gusts on flight trajectories
Authors: Jakobi Timothy , Kolomenskiy Dmitry , Ikeda Teruaki , Watkins Simon , Fisher Alex , Liu Hao , Ravi Sridhar
Published: August 2018

Flight is a complicated task at small scales in part due to the ubiquitous unsteady air which contains it. Flying organisms deal with these difficulties using active and passive control mechanisms to steer their body motion. Body attitudes of flapping organisms are linked with their resultant flight trajectories and performance, yet little is understood about how discrete unsteady aerodynamic phenomena affect the interlaced dynamics of such systems. In this study, we examined freely flying bumblebees subject to a single discrete gust to emulate aerodynamic disturbances encountered in nature. Bumblebees are expert commanders of the aerial domain as they persistently forage within complex terrain elements. By tracking the three-dimensional dynamics of bees flying through gusts, we determined the sequences of motion that permit flight in three disturbance conditions: sideward, upward and downward gusts. Bees executed a series of passive impulsive maneuvers followed by active recovery maneuvers. Impulsive motion was unique in each gust direction, maintaining control by passive manipulation of the body. Bees pitched up and slowed-down at the beginning of recovery in every disturbance, followed by corrective maneuvers which brought attitudes back to their original state. Bees were displaced the most by the sideward gust, displaying large lateral translations and roll deviations. Upward gusts were easier for bees to fly through, causing only minor flight changes and minimal recovery times. Downward gusts severely impaired the control response of bees, inflicting strong adverse forces which sharply upset trajectories. Bees used a variety of control strategies when flying in each disturbance, offering new insights into insect-scale flapping flight and bio-inspired robotic systems.
Maternal Ybx1 safeguards zebrafish oocyte maturation and maternal-to-zygotic transition by repressing global translation
Authors: Sun Jiawei , Yan Lu , Shen Weimin , Meng Anming
Published: August 2018

Maternal mRNAs and proteins dictate early embryonic development before zygotic genome activation. In the absence of transcription, elaborate control of maternal mRNA translation is of particular importance for oocyte maturation and early embryogenesis. By analyzing zebrafish ybx1 mutants with a null allele, we demonstrate an essential role of maternal ybx1 in repressing global translation in oocytes and embryos. Loss of maternal Ybx1 leads to impaired oocyte maturation and egg activation. Maternal ybx1 (Mybx1) mutant embryos fail to undergo normal cleavage and the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT). Morpholino knockdown of ybx1 also results in MZT loss and epiboly failure, suggesting the post-fertilization requirement of Ybx1. Additionally, elevated global translation level and the unfolded protein response were found in Ybx1-depleted embryos. Supplementing translational repression by eIF4E inhibition markedly rescues the Mybx1 phenotype. Mechanistically, Ybx1 in embryos may associate with processing body (P-body) components and represses translation when tethered to target mRNAs. Collectively, our results identify maternal Ybx1 as a global translational repressor required for oocyte maturation and early embryogenesis.
Paul Thompson, with Joanna Bornat, The Voice of the Past, 4th ed.
Authors: Van Boeschoten Riki
Published: August 2018

Review of Paul Thompson, with Joanna Bornat, The Voice of the Past: Oral History.4th ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 2017. xii + 484 pp.
Hypatia's Politico-Philosophical Parrhesia: A Foucauldian Analysis of Kingsley's Hypatia
Authors: Maleki Nasser , Haj'jari Mohammad Javad
Published: August 2018

Using the model of the early Christian Church in his novel Hypatia, Charles Kingsley criticised mid-nineteenth-century Roman Catholicism for its bigotry. As such, his historiographic rendering of Hypatia's life highlights the power relations between the early Christian Church and Hellenistic philosophy as a politico-religious allegory against mid-nineteenth-century Catholicism and its intolerance of female intellectuality and personal faith. Highlighting Kingsley's views accordingly, a Foucauldian analysis of Hypatia's politico-philosophical parrhesia, that is, speaking the truth in the light of political philosophy before Cyril's early Christian theocracy, seems intriguing. Hypatia represents an illuminating world of power struggles between Hypatia's peaceful intellectuality and the early Christian bigotry, a fact represented in Hypatia's virtue and knowledge before the blind fundamentalism of the religious oligarchy and the outrageous extremism of the early Christian mob, only to culminate in the lynching of the innocent Hypatia. Kingsley's historiographic novel thus tries to historicise his attacks against nineteenth-century Tractarian Catholic extremes regarding the practice of religion and gender issues.
“Crianças, vamos ao parque?” - Percepções sobre a utilização de parques públicos por crianças
Authors: Oliveira Simone Medeiros , Silva Paula , Santos Maria Paula Maia dos
Published: August 2018

Parques públicos localizados em áreas urbanas podem contribuir para maiores oportunidades de atividade física das crianças. Conhecer a utilização dessas áreas verdes urbanas pelas crianças, bem como a percepção destas acerca da atividade física nos parques pode facilitar a elaboração de estratégias de promoção da saúde das crianças através da atividade física nos parques. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a utilização de parques por criança para a prática da atividade física, bem como suas percepções sobre a atividade física nos parques. Para tal recorreu-se a uma metodologia de caráter quali-quantitativo. Os dados quantitativos sobre a utilização de dois parques foram obtidos através do instrumento SOPARC. Os dados qualitativos sobre a percepção das crianças (10 a 12 anos) foram obtidos através de quatro grupos focais. Para análise dos dados quantitativos recorreu-se ao teste do qui-quadrado e de Mann-Whitney; o tratamento dos dados qualitativos foi realizado por análise temática de conteúdo. Os resultados não evidenciaram diferença na utilização dos parques pelas crianças, contudo indicam uma reduzida utilização destas áreas pelas crianças (Parque 1 = 20,9% versus Parque 2 = 11,0%), especialmente no inverno (Parque 1 = 15,4% versus Parque 2 = 4,5%). O discurso das crianças revelou que estas utilizam o parque para a prática da atividade física recreativa, bem como o prazer em praticarem atividade física nestes locais. A promoção de estratégias que favoreçam uma maior utilização dos parques pelas crianças poderá contribuir para o aumento da atividade física das crianças.
Designing and Sustaining an Award-Winning Analytics Educational Program: The Heinz College of Information Systems and Public Policy at Carnegie Mellon University
Authors: Krishnan Ramayya , Blumstein Alfred , Nehlsen Jon
Published: August 2018

In 2016, the Heinz College of Information Systems and Public Policy at Carnegie Mellon University was awarded the INFORMS UPS George D. Smith Prize for excellence in preparing students to be effective practitioners of operations research (OR) and analytics. In this article, we describe the philosophy underlying the college’s approach to analytics education and the specific ways in which students in both the information systems and public policy programs combine coursework and experiential learning to apply a multidisciplinary problem-solving toolkit on their way to becoming men and women for intelligent action.
Diskrepansi Nilai CRP dan LED pada Fase Akut Penyakit Kawasaki
Authors: Advani Najib , Santoso Lucyana Alim
Published: August 2018

Latar belakang. Dasar diagnosis penyakit Kawasaki (PK) yang ditetapkan oleh konsensus American Heart Association (AHA) 2004 dan 2017 berdasarkan gejala dan tanda klinis, serta ditunjang oleh pemeriksaan laboratorium, di antaranya reaktan fase akut, seperti CRP (C reactive protein) dan LED (laju endap darah) yang umumnya meningkat pada fase akut. Penelitian sebelumnya mendapatkan adanya perbedaan nilai (diskrepansi) antara keduanya. Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui apakah pada fase akut PK cukup diperiksa CRP atau LED atau keduanya.Metode. Penelitian retrospektif yang melibatkan 1163 subjek PK secara konsekutif selama 1 April 2000 sampai dengan 31 Mei 2017.Terdapat 741 subjek yang memenuhi syarat kelengkapan semua data. Nilai potong yang digunakan untuk peningkatan CRP adalah > 30 mg/dl, dan LED >40 mm. Hasil. Terdapat dikrepansi antara nilai CRP dan LED pada 30,8% subjek yang artinya nilai CRP meningkat sedangkan LED normal atau sebaliknya.Kesimpulan. C reactive protein maupun LED perlu diperiksa bersamaan pada fase akut PK.
Kasus Kontrol Hubungan Imunisasi BCG dengan kejadian TB Paru pada anak tahun 2015-2016
Authors: Riani R. Evi Sofia , Machmud Putri Bungsu
Published: August 2018

Latar belakang. Tuberkulosis adalah penyakit yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia. Pada tahun 2014 terjadi peningkatan insidens, prevalens bahkan kematian karena TB di Indonesia. Tujuan. Mengetahui besar risiko tidak diimunisasi BCG terhadap kejadian TB Paru pada anak di Kota Sukabumi tahun 2015-2016 setelah dikontrol oleh variabel umur, jenis kelamin, berat badan lahir, pemberian ASI Eksklusif, kunjungan Neonatal, pemberian Vitamin A, pendidikan Ibu dan Pekerjaan Ibu. Sedangkan tujuan sekunder dari studi ini adalah mengidentifikasi status imunisasi BCG dan kejadian TB Paru pada anak serta variable covariatnya dan mengetahui besar risiko anak yang tidak diimunisasi serta mengetahui besar Efektivitas vaksin BCG. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case control. Kasus dan kontrol adalah anak kota Sukabumi usia 0-5 tahun yang diperoleh dari laporan rutin program TB, imunisasi, KIA dan Gizi di Dinas Kesehatan Kota Sukabumi. Hasil. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa risiko anak yang tidak diimunisasi BCG dan KN sebanyak 3 kali adalah 1,13 kali lebih besar untuk terkena TB paru dibandingkan kelompok rujukan dan anak yang diimunisasi BCG. Dari hasil tersebut diketahui bahwa efektivitas vaksin BCG tanpa interaksi 67%, sedangkan dengan interaksi 82%. Kesimpulan. Imunisasi di Kota Sukabumi masih merupakan salah satu upaya yang efektif untuk mencegah terjadinya TB paru pada anak.
Comparison between open and closed-tray impression techniques on the implant transfer accuracy
Authors: Moretti Karen Petená , De Castro Rafael Antônio , Ana Patricia Aparecida , Jóias Renata Pilli , Jóias Renato Morales
Published: August 2018

Objective: This in vitro study aimed to determine and compare the dimensional accuracy of open and closed-tray impression techniques for implant-supported prosthesis. Material and Methods: On a edentulous master model, four external hexagonal implants were parallelly installed and associated with four multi unit coping transfers and four multi unit rotational caps. A master superstructure was constructed and splinted all implants (control group). Five customized trays were constructed to perform ten open (n=5) and closed-tray (n=5) impressions. The obtained models were submitted to the dimensional analysis on three points in the center of the labial face of each implant (A, B, C, and D) with the aid of  Stereoscopic Magnifying Glass with x60 magnification. The vertical misfit between the metallic structure and the implant analogues was measured on each point. The obtained results were submitted to  Dixon’s normality test and  Kruskal-Wallis test for independent samples (p < 0,05) with the aid of Bioestat 5.0 software. Results: The means and standard deviation were: open tray technique – 24.6474 ± 14.8883 µm; closed-tray technique – 26.2257 ± 9.7421 µm; and control group 22.445 ± 7.7106 µm. Conclusion: The accuracy of open and closed-tray impression techniques showed no statistically significant differences and both techniques were effective for implant transfer.
The influence of disinfection on dimensional stability of temporary crowns
Authors: De Carvalho Paula Carolina Komori , Sacourague Sâmia Carolina Mota , De Almeida Lais Medeiros Ribeiro , Kimpara Estevão Tomomitsu , Paes-Junior Tarcisio José de Arruda
Published: August 2018

Objective: Evaluate the influence of different disinfection methods on the dimensional stability of temporary acrylic resin crowns. Material and Methods: A metallic die with two different marks at the margin was used to prepare the specimens with two different resins (bis-acrylic resin-Structur, acrylic resin-Dencrilay). They were divided into eight groups (n=8), determined according to the disinfection methods (microwave, acetic acid, 1% hypochlorite) and control. The marginal adaptation was recorded using an optical microscope (50X) comparing two different marks on the margin of the crowns with 2 points along the entire circumferential margin before and after disinfection methods. Results: Results were compared statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test (p?0.05). The two-way ANOVA showed statistical difference between types of materials. No significant differences were found between disinfection methods and interaction of factors. Conclusion: All procedures affected the marginal adaptation however temporary crowns made by bis-acrylic resin demonstrate higher dimensional stability.KeywordsDimensional stability; Disinfection; Temporary crowns.
Les manuscrits du sud de la vallée de l’Indus en écriture khojkī sindhī: état des lieux et perspectives
Authors: Bhalloo Zahir , Akhtar Iqbal
Published: August 2018

This article presents an overview of research on the corpus of eighteenth to twentieth century manuscripts from south of the Indus valley in Khojkī Sindhī script. After a general introduction to the significance of these manuscripts, we will first look at how researchers have approached the problem of the origins of the “Khojkī Sindhī” script and its relation to the religious tradition of the Khoja merchant caste of Sindh and Gujarat. Then, we systematically present the main cataloguing attempts and studies from 1964 onwards on the paleography, codicology, textual content and illustrations of these manuscripts. Finally, we summarize ongoing research and suggest new directions for future work on these manuscripts.
From Commentary to paribhāṣās: Kātyāyana and Patañjali vis-à-vis Vyāḍi
Authors: Candotti Maria Piera , Pontillo Tiziana
Published: August 2018

The present paper is targeted on three landmarks in the long story of the paribhāṣās’ development. Two of these landmarks descended from the earliest testimony of Vyākaraṇa meta-rules, i. e. those included in Pāṇini’s grammar (fifth–fourth century BCE), and one which has been handed down as the first independent collection of paribhāṣās and attributed to Vyāḍi. In particular a shift is highlighted between Kātyāyaṇa’s (third century BCE) integrative approach (vacana) and Patañjali’s (second century BCE) recourse to implicit paribhāṣās in the Aṣṭādhyāyī as a powerful hermeneutical tool. A shift that helps in interpreting the need for a validation and collection of implicit pāṇinian paribhāṣās as carried out by authors such as Vyāḍi.
Dendrochronological dating as the basis for developing a landslide hazard map – An example from the Western Carpathians, Poland
Authors: Łuszczyńska Katarzyna , Wistuba Małgorzata , Malik Ireneusz , Krąpiec Marek , Szypuła Bartłomiej
Published: August 2018

Most landslide hazard maps are developed on the basis of an area’s susceptibility to a landslide occurrence, but dendrochronological techniques allows one to develop maps based on past landslide activity. The aim of the study was to use dendrochronological techniques to develop a landslide hazard map for a large area, covering 3.75 km2. We collected cores from 131 trees growing on 46 sampling sites, measured tree-ring width, and dated growth eccentricity events (which occur when tree rings of different widths are formed on opposite sides of a trunk), recording the landslide events which had occurred over the previous several dozen years. Then, the number of landslide events per decade was calculated at every sampling site. We interpolated the values obtained, added layers with houses and roads, and developed a landslide hazard map. The map highlights areas which are potentially safe for existing buildings, roads and future development. The main advantage of a landslide hazard map developed on the basis of dendrochronological data is the possibility of acquiring long series of data on landslide activity over large areas at a relatively low cost. The main disadvantage is that the results obtained relate to the measurement of anatomical changes and the macroscopic characteristics of the ring structure occurring in the wood of tilted trees, and these factors merely provide indirect information about the time of the landslide event occurrence.
Low to middle Pleistocene paleoclimatic record from the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland (Poland) based on isotopic and calcite fabrics analyses
Authors: Błaszczyk Marcin , Hercman Helena , Pawlak Jacek , Gąsiorowski Michał , Matoušková Šárka , Aninowska Marta , Kicińska Ditta , Tyc Andrzej
Published: August 2018

The quality of paleoenvironmental reconstruction based on speleothem records depends on the accuracy of the used proxies and the chronology of the studied record. As far as the dating method is concerned, in most cases, the best solution is the use of the U-series method to obtain a precise chronology. However, for older periods (i.e., over 0.5 Ma), dating has become a serious challenge. Theoretically, older materials could be dated with the U-Pb dating method. However, that method requires a relatively high uranium content (minimum of several ppm), whereas typical speleothems from Poland (and all of Central Europe) have uranium concentrations below 0.1 ppm. Because the materials in Polish caves are problematic, we applied oxygen isotope stratigraphy (OIS) as a tool for speleothem dating. By using OIS as an alternative tool to create a chronology of our flowstone, it was found that the studied flowstone crystallized from 975 to 470 ka with three major discontinuities, so obtained isotopic record can be correlated with oxygen isotopic stages from MIS 24 to MIS 12. The observed isotopic variability was also consistent and confirmed with the petrographic observations of the flowstone.
Natural resistance of eight Brazilian wood species from the region Caatinga determined by an accelerated laboratory decay test against four fungi
Authors: da Silveira Marcelo F. , Gouveia Fernando N. , Moreira Alessandro C.O. , Oliveira José Roberto V. , Silva Anna Sofya V.S. , Almeida Getúlio F. , Costa Alexandre F.
Published: August 2018

Natural resistance of eight wood species from Caatinga, an exclusive Brazilian biome, was evaluated according to [ASTM Standard (2005) D 2017-05. Standard test method of accelerated laboratory test of natural decay resistance of woods.]. Samples were exposed to white rot (WR) and brown rot (BR) fungi, namely to Trametes versicolor (WR), Pycnoporus sanguineus (WR), Gloeophyllum trabeum (BR) and Gloeophyllum striatum (BR). Weight loss, specific gravity and extractive content of each wood species were evaluated. Diptychandra aurantiaca, Pterodon abruptus and Terminalia fagifolia were classified as “highly resistant”, while T. fagifolia was “resistant” to T. versicolor only. Machaerium acutifolium was resistant to all fungi. Aspidosperma multiflorum was resistant to WR fungi and Combretum glaucocarpum to a BR fungus. The species Pityrocarpa moniliformis and Swartzia psilonema were moderately resistant.
Intelligence Scheme for Fault Location in a Combined Overhead Transmission Line & Underground Cable
Authors: Ray Papia , Arya Sabha Raj , Mishra Debani Prasad
Published: August 2018

This paper focuses on comparison of fault position schemes for a long transmission line joint with underground cable. To carry out fault location, two hybrid schemes were implemented. One is the impedance method based on modal transformation (MT) and the other one is the intelligent technique based on artificial neural network (ANN). In this paper one cycle of post fault current and voltage signals were collected initially from the transmission line ends for fault analysis purpose. The first method to analyze the fault position comprises of MT technique in which initially pre-processing of the data is done by Clarke’s Transformation (CT) and Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). CT decouples the signal and DFT extracts the phasors. Thereafter the fault location is calculated by Power System distributed line modal and MT concept. The second method focuses on estimation of fault distance by ANN with Wavelet Transform (WT) in which WT is used to extract six statistical features in order to pre-process the raw faulted data. These features are then given to ANN for finding fault position. The enactment of the suggested scheme is verified by testing it under different type of fault position, such as variation of fault resistance, inception angle and type. After extensive simulation, it was found that intelligent scheme i.e ANN-WT schemes are capable of locating the fault more accurately and less sensitive to parameter variation than the impedance method i.e MT-CT-DFT.
Enhancement of Power Quality in Wind Based Distributed Generation System Using Adaptive Vectorial Filter
Authors: Arya Sabha Raj , Maurya Rakesh , Giri Ashutosh K
Published: August 2018

Voltage and frequency fluctuation under variable load or variable wind speed is the key issue to solve in distributed generation based on wind power. Further, harmonic and zero sequence current flow through the generator windings due to connection of nonlinear load deteriorate the power quality of the supply. In this paper a control algorithm known as adaptive vectorial filter (AVF) is developed for the solution of the aforesaid problems. This method lies in the category of frequency lock loop (FLL) rather than phase locked loop (PLL) and having no PI coefficient in the loop filter. Therefore it is easy to tune for that frequency component which is desired at output. The frequency locked loop extracts the frequency of the source voltage which is less affected by sudden changes in the system. Hence it is more suitable than the PLL based techniques in wind based distributed power generation system. The entire system is tested under different operating conditions using field-programmable gate array based controller with MATLAB interface in real time. The dynamic response and steady state response shown by it is found satisfactory.
Design of Cost Effective Solar PV Powered SRM Driven Agriculture Pump Using Modified Buck-Boost Converter
Authors: Mishra Anjanee Kumar , Singh Bhim
Published: August 2018

This paper proposes a new DC-DC converter for performance optimization of a solar PV(Photovoltaic) system without electrolytic capacitor for water pumping system driven by a switched reluctance motor (SRM). The proposed converter is able to replace the input electrolytic capacitor to polypropylene capacitor with small rating and size. The snubber circuit formed by storage capacitor across switch of converter is operated to minimize the voltage spikes especially during turn-on and turn-off time. The proposed DC-DC converter delivers a continuous supply to SRM drive with low ripple content and capable to step-up and step-down the input PV voltage. The PV power optimization and to limit the high initial winding currents of SRM, are two major functions of proposed converter. An improved perturb and observation (P&O) based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control is also proposed in present system, which overcomes the deviation problem present in conventional P&O MPPT controls. Simulated and experimental results on a 500 W four-phase 8/6 SRM, are accomplished to authenticate the feasibility of proposed system under all environmental conditions.
Abstract-valued Orlicz spaces of range-varying type
Authors: Zhang Qinghua
Published: August 2018

This paper mainly deals with the abstract-valued Orlicz spaces of range-varying type. Using notions of Banach space net and continuous modular net etc., we give definitions ofLϱθ(⋅)(I,Xθ(⋅)) andL+ϱθ(⋅)$\begin{array}{} L_{+}^{\varrho_{\theta(\cdot)}} \end{array} $(I,Xθ(⋅)), and discuss their geometrical properties as well as the representation ofL+ϱθ(⋅)$\begin{array}{} L_{+}^{\varrho_{\theta(\cdot)}} \end{array} $(I,Xθ(⋅))*. We also investigate some functionals and operators onLϱθ(⋅)(I,Xθ(⋅)), giving expression for the subdifferential of the convex functional generated by another continuous modular net. After making some investigations on the Bochner-Sobolev spacesW1,ϱθ(⋅)(I,Xθ(⋅)) andWper1,ϱθ(⋅)$\begin{array}{} W_{\textrm{per}}^{1,\varrho_{\theta(\cdot)}} \end{array} $(I,Xθ(⋅)), and the intersection spaceWper1,ϱθ(⋅)$\begin{array}{} W_{\textrm{per}}^{1,\varrho_{\theta(\cdot)}} \end{array} $(I,Xθ(⋅)) ∩Lφϑ(⋅)(I,Vϑ(⋅)), a second order differential inclusion together with an anisotropic nonlinear elliptic equation with nonstandard growth are also taken into account.