bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Granulocyte and monocyte apheresis therapy for patients with active ulcerative colitis associated with COVID-19: a case report
Authors: Koroku Miki , Omori Teppei , Kambayashi Harutaka , Murasugi Shun , Kuriyama Tomoko , Ikarashi Yuichi , Yonezawa Maria , Arimura Ken , Karasawa Kazunori , Hanafusa Norio , Kawana Masatoshi , Tokushige Katsutoshi
Published: March 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is now a pandemic. Although several treatment guidelines have been proposed for patients who have both inflammatory bowel disease and COVID-19, immunosuppressive therapy is essentially not recommended, and the treatment options are limited. Even in the COVID-19 pandemic, adjuvant adsorptive granulocyte and monocyte apheresis may safely bring ulcerative colitis (UC) into remission by removing activated myeloid cells without the use of immunosuppressive therapy. Our patient was a 25-year-old Japanese male with UC and COVID-19. This is the first case report of the induction of UC remission with granulocyte and monocyte apheresis treatment for active UC associated with COVID-19.
Comunicação em Saúde: Experiências da Rádio Web Saúde com jovens latino-americanos
Authors: Machado Mendonça Ana Valéria , De Sousa Maria Fátima , De Sousa Pereira Grasiela , Ramos Henrique Dyego , Paz Silva Raelma , Da Silva Rosa Weverton Vieira
Published: March 2021

O presente trabalho visa divulgar os resultados obtidos em oficina realizada no I Seminário Latino-americano sobre Juventude, Saúde Pública e Participação Social, realizado de 21 a 24 de novembro de 2012, em Brasília, moderada pela equipe do Projeto Radio Web Saúde da Universidade de Brasília. Tendo como tema a “participação juvenil”, a referida oficina serviu para subsidiar a elaboração de Carta de Intenções da Juventude da América Latina em Saúde Pública, onde se espelham as expectativas dos jovens acerca da participação política por eles almejada e raras vezes contemplada nas políticas públicas do continente. O Seminário contou com a participação de cerca de 350 jovens de 16 países da América Latina, integrantes do Movimento Jovem de Políticas Públicas, com idades variando entre 12 e 21 anos. A Rádio Web Saúde é um projeto idealizado e realizado por estudantes de graduação em Saúde Coletiva da Universidade de Brasília, com base em estratégias de comunicação em saúde subsidiadas por novas tecnologias de informação e comunicação.
Szabla i krucyfiks. Działalność wojskowa Jana Zapolskiego - Opata Lędzkiego
Authors: Staręgowski Bartosz
Published: March 2021

Zagadnienie dotyczące służby wojskowej przedstawicieli duchowieństwa jest zjawiskiem dość rzadkim i wydawać by się mogło kontrowersyjnym. Według doktryny pochodzącej jeszcze z czasów średniowiecza, księżom nie wolno było przelewać krwi. Nie zmienia to jednak faktu, że historia zna przypadki duchownych,którzy służyli w wojsku i to nie tylko jako kapelani. Życiorys księdza-opata Jana Zapolskiego wpisywałby się doskonale w to zagadnienie. W 1651 r. podczas gdy gros szlachty wielkopolskiej ruszył na wyprawę pod Beresteczko, Zapolski korzystając z posiłków lokalnych duchownych, rozbił siły chłopskie planujące zorganizowanie powstania ludowego. W czasie potopu szwedzkiego, gdy Szwedzi zagrozili Rzeczpospolitej, Wielkopolsce i Kościołowi katolickiemu, prowadził działania wojskowe przeciwko nim, oblegając i zdobywając Koło, a następnie biorąc udział ze swoją chorągwią w wyprawie na marchię brandenburską w 1656 r. Rejestr popisowy jego chorągwi zachował się do dziś i dzięki niemu możemy zapoznać się z jej dokładną strukturą.
Konferencja ojca Marcina Chrostowskiego wygłoszona w obozie w Rothesay. Przyczynek do życia religijnego oficerów przebywających na wyspie Bute
Authors: Szymborski Wiktor
Published: March 2021

Przedmiotem opracowania jest edycja źródła przybliżającego życie religijne oficerów Polskich Sił Zbrojnych na Zachodzie przebywających na wyspie Bute. Decyzją naczelnego wodza gen. Władysława Sikorskiego zlokalizowano tam Zgrupowanie Oficerów Nieprzydzielonych (Samodzielny Obóz Oficerski) Stacja Zborna Oficerów, do której kierowano zarówno oficerów starszych wiekiem nienadających się do służby liniowej, osoby skonfliktowane z przełożonymi jak również przeciwników politycznych gen. Sikorskiego. Wspomniany obóz funkcjonował od 1940 r. do 1944 r., przebywało w nim w tym okresie ponad 800 oficerów. Tematyka życia religijnego jest wzmiankowana jedynie na marginesie wspomnień pisanych w Rothesay. Szczęśliwie w spuściźnie dominikanina Marcina Chrostowskiego, który w 1940 r. pełnił obowiązki kapelana wspomnianej stacji zachował się tekst wygłoszonej przezeń konferencji religijnej. Warto wspomnieć, że ojciec Marcin przed wstąpieniem do zakonu uczestniczył jako ochotnik w kampanii 1920 r., walcząc z bolszewikami. W czasie II wojny światowej był między innymi kapelanem biskupa polowego Gawliny, z którym odbył podróż i wizytację oddziałów polskich w ZSRR. Następnie ojciec Marcin Chrostowski służył w szeregach 1. Dywizji Pancernej, jego bohaterska post awa została nagrodzona między innymi krzyżem Virtuti Militarii.
KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS DRAMA PADA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 25 BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Permanasari Dian
Published: March 2021

This study contains the ability to write drama text in grade VIII students in the odd semester of SMP Negeri 25 Bandar Lampung. What is the level of ability of VIII grade students of SMP Negeri 25 Bandar Lampung in writing drama texts. This study aims to find out and describe the level of students' ability to write drama texts that are viewed in terms of several aspects, namely aspects of the plot, character and characterization, style of language, background, point of view and theme.The method used is descriptive qualitative by using percentages, namely by analyzing aspects, namely aspects of flow, character and characterization, style of language, background, perspective and theme. The ability of the drama text of SMP Negeri 25 Bandar Lampung in the aspects of the background and angle of understanding in the category is quite seen from the percentage of students who have an average value of 62.8% and the ability to write drama texts for SMP Negeri 25 Bandar Lampung in the theme aspects category is less seen from the percentage of students who have an average value of 60%.
KEMAMPUAN MENGIDENTIFIKASI UNSUR PEMBANGUN TEKS DRAMA PADA SISWA KELAS XI SMA GAJAH MADA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Salamah Salamah , Verlinda Desnia , Idawati Idawati
Published: March 2021

This article discussed the limited problems namely: lack of the ability to identify intrinsic elements of drama texts in class XI of even semester students at Gajah Mada High School in Bandar Lampung. This study aims to determine the ability identifying intrinsic elements of drama texts in class XI students of SMA Gajah Mada Bandar Lampung. The research used a qualitative descriptive method, namely by identifying students' abilities in determining intrinsic elements of drama texts in accordance with indicators such as themes, mandate, plot/plot, character/ characterization, setting/setting, perspective, language style. In this study, 30 samples from 150 existing populations were determined and random sampling was taken. Based on the results of research was conducted by the author through data collection techniques using test techniques, namely students were given the task of drama text and determine intrinsic elements, that the level of students ability to identify intrinsic elements of drama text of XI grade students of Gajah Mada High School in Bandar Lampung as a whole can be said to be very good with indicators as follows: (1) determining the theme in the criteria is very well, (2) determining the mandate in the criteria is very well, (3) determining the flow in the criteria is very well, (4) determining  the character / characterization in the criteria is very well, (5) determining the setting is in good criteria, (6) determining the point of view is in sufficient criteria, (7) determining the style of language is in sufficient criteria.
MAKNA MAKIAN PADA KOMENTAR SUPORTER BONEK SURABAYA MENGENAI TAYANGAN VIDEO PERSEBAYA DI YOUTUBE
Authors: Mulyani Nova Dwi , Jailani Jailani
Published: March 2021

Manusia hidup tentunya membutuhkan orang lain untuk berkomunikasi menyampaikan isi pokok fikirannya. Di dalam kehidupan manusia tidak lepas dengan yang dinamakan bahasa. Bahasa merupakan peranan penting bagi kebutuhan masyarakat sekitar. Bahasa dapat mengekspresikan perasaan senang, sedih, kecewa, marah, memuji, keakraban dan kebencian. Sebaliknya, dengan kata-kata makian yang terdapat pula adanya perasaan jengkel, kesal, marah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode simak, metode catat dan metode dokumentasi. Penetian ini lebih condong menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan deskriptif. Pengambilan data yang dilihat dari komentar suporter bonek surabaya di youtube yang berupa tulisan. Kemudian, menyimak di sebuah percakapan pada komentar sa;ing mengeluarkan pendapat. Lalu, mencatat bagian penting yang memang dapat diteliti menyesuaikan tujuan dan data-data tersebut diperoleh didokumentasikan ke dalam kartu data berdasarkan tanggal, bulan dan tahun selama 6 bulan. Metode analisis data menggunakan metode agih untuk pemilihan kata-katanya. Hasil penelitian para suporter bonek surabaya makian yang berupa bentuk tunggal memiliki 80 persen sedangkan makian selain bentuk tunggal terdapat 20 persen.
ALIH KODE DAN CAMPUR KODE PADA PEMBELAJARAN SISWA KELAS VII SEMESTER GENAP SMP NEGERI 3 LAMBU KIBANG TULANG BAWANG BARAT
Authors: Yuricki Effrina
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini tujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk alih kode dan campur kode, serta ingin melihat manfaat atau fungsi penggunaannya pada kegiatan pembelajaran di SMP Negeri 3 Lambu Kibang Tulang Bawang Barat. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk alih kode dan campur kode dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini  (1) observasi, (2) wawancara dan (3) teknik sadap. Hasil penelitian diperoleh data dari segi bentuk dan fungsi alih kode dan campur kode. Dari hasil klasifikasi bentuk data campur kode penggunaan bahasa Lampung dalam proses kegiatan pembelajaran yang diperoleh yaitu bentuk yang sering muncul adalah dari segi bentuk kata (24,13%) , frasa (13,79%) dan kalimat (26,72%) serta klausa dan singkatan tidak ditemukan sama sekali. Sedangkan hasil klasifikasi bentuk alih kode penggunaan bahasa Lampung yang sering muncul adalah dari bentuk kalimat sekitar (14,65%) dan kata, frasa, klausa serta singkatan tidak ditemukan sama sekali. Dari fungsi campur kode dan alih kode bahasa Lampung yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pemebelajaran di SMP Negeri 3 Lambu Kibang Tulang Bawang Barat yaitu untuk menjalin keakraban, memberikan penjelasan, penegasan kepada peserta didik serta memahami dan mengetahui materi lebih dalam bagi peserta didik.
KEMAMPUAN MEMAHAMI HUBUNGAN MAKNA DALAM KALIMAT PADA SISWA KELAS XI SMK PERSADA BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Hastuti Hastuti
Published: March 2021

The ability to understand the meaning relationship is the ability to understand the relationship of meaning in sentences which include synonyms, antonyms, homonyms, homographs, homophones, hyponyms; hypernIM, and polysemia. This study aims to find out and describe how the level of students' ability to understand the relationship of meaning in sentences in the aspects above. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method, while the technique of collecting data is multiple choice objective test techniques. The population in this study amounted to 218 students and the study sample was set at 54 people. The sampling technique used is the stratified proportional random sampling technique. The results showed that overall, the level of ability to understand meaning relations in the sentence of class XI Even semester of SMK Persada Bandar Lampung was categorized enough with an average score of 68.59. For each aspect, the level of students' ability is as follows: ability of synonymy in good category (77%), ability to understand antonyms in good categories (73.59%), ability to understand homonyms in good categories (73.70), ability to understand homophones in good categories ( 72.18%), the ability to understand homographs is in the less category (50.35), the ability to understand hyponyms is in the good category (77.74%), the ability to understand hypernimms is in a sufficient category (62.33), and the ability to understand polysemi in the less category (59.62%).
KEMAMPUAN MENENTUKAN UNSUR INSTRINSIK CERPEN “MERDEKA” KARYA PUTU WIJAYA PADA SISWA KELAS VII SMP KARTIKA II-2 BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Anggraini Nani
Published: March 2021

In short story learning activities, students are not only directed to understand theories such as recognizing short story characteristics, intrinsic elements of literary work (short stories), but literary learning is directed to how students are able to find intrinsic elements contained in short stories such as, plot, setting, point of view, theme, mandate, language style, characters and others. This study used a descriptive qualitative method that was normative. The population in this study were all Grade VII Students of the Even Semester Semester SMP Kartika II-Bandar Lampung in the 2019/2020 Academic Year totaling 184 students consisting of 5 (five) classes. The sampling technique was carried out using the Stritified Proportional Random Sampling technique. Samples were taken as many as 16% of 184 students, as many as 30 students. Analysis of the ability to determine the intrinsic element of the short story "merdeka" by Putu wijaya then the results obtained from the aspects of the theme get a rating of 67% with enough criteria, flow aspects get a rating of 61% with sufficient criteria, setting aspects get a rating of 55% with less criteria, aspects of characterizations get an assessment 77% with good criteria, aspects of the perspective get 70% assessment with sufficient criteria, aspects of language style get an assessment of 85% with criteria Very good, mandate aspects 83% get an assessment with criteria Very Good.
ANALISIS PEMAKAIAN BAHASA PADA IKLAN PRODUK MINUMAN DI TELEVISI
Authors: Hasanah Septia Uswatun
Published: March 2021

This study aims to describe the use of language in advertising beverage products on television. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The implementation of research refers to the design of language analysis techniques, namely the provision, analysis and presentation of data. The data is provided using the interview method and note taking technique. The results of the study found that in general the use of language in advertisements uses speech acts that state something (locution), provide information that interests the public (localization) which impacts to encourage them to use the advertised product. In addition, advertising also utilizes the implicative speech by packaging information presentations that implicitly invites people to buy or use the product.
ANALISIS WACANA IKLAN PRODUK KECANTIKAN BERUPA LIPSTIK PADA TELEVISI BERDASARKAN STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI BAHASA
Authors: Fadillah Rahmadani Linda
Published: March 2021

This research describes the structure and function of Lipstick Beauty Product advertisements on television. This study uses a discourse analysis approach, this type of research is qualitative. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis. The data source of this research is in the form of Lipstick Beauty Product advertisements on television, which contains the structure and function of the advertising language. The results of the study describe the structure of lipstick beauty product advertisements on television consisting of language functions contained in food and beverage product advertisements on television including: (a) information functions, (b) persuasive functions and to form a positive image of the product to potential consumers.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS CERITA PENDEK DENGAN COOPERATIVE LEARING PADA SISWA KELAS XI IPA 1 SMAN 3 METRO
Authors: Koryati Wiwik Dwi
Published: March 2021

Write to teach students XI IPA 1 SMAN 3 Metro to short story. Rearange short story students reveal environments form see, listen, and felt. Write short story by topic ;see, listen, be kissed, be sampled, and felts. Research purpose: implimcation of method cooperative learning to students XI IPA 1 to write short story. Research method :observation, documents, and interview. Techniqe of data tes and non tes. Analysis data be analysis data, prepared data, and conclusions. The result: pracyclus 198, cyclus I 262, increased 64%, achievement learning pracyclus 53, cyclus I 69, increaswd 16%. Cyclus II write skill short story 295, increased 32%, achievement learning 79, increased 10%. Cyclus III write skill short story 308, increased 14%, and achievement learning 88, increased 9%. Conclusion: Cooperative learning of method to increased students XI IPA 3 SMAN 3 Metro write short story.
Harvest Anticipation, Yield and Economic Feasibility of Wheat by Application of Non-Selective Herbicides
Authors: Fipke Glauber Monçon , Cunha Vinicius Dos Santos , Deak Evandro Ademir , Stecca Jessica Deolinda Leivas , Pires João Leonardo Fernandes , Arismendi Guilherme De Almeida , Grün Eduarda , Martin Thomas Newton
Published: March 2021

The present work aims to evaluate the possibility of anticipating the wheat harvest by the application of non-selective herbicides in the pre-harvest conditions, thereby providing productive and economic viability. In total, 13 treatments were executed, which includes the spraying of different herbicide combinations (glufosinate-ammonium, glyphosate, and paraquat) in the phenological stages (Z-83, Z-85, Z-87, Z-92), and treatments without application of herbicides. Further, the treatment step was followed by providing different harvest conditions such as (i) glufosinate-ammonium: 9.5 and 8.8 days, (ii) glyphosate: 11.2 and 10.9 days, and (iii) paraquat: 7.9 and 8.5, where the first numerical value corresponds to number of days for the year 2016 followed by 2017. A mean reduction in seed yield of 4.6 % (BRS Parrudo) and 25.4 % (TBIO Sinuelo) was observed upon application of herbicides in the first two phenological stages. Additionally, an economic loss reaching up to R$ 2512 ha-1, was demonstrated. Therefore, the application of the non-selective herbicides glufosinate-ammonium and paraquat in the pre-harvest results in wheat phytointoxication, however, promoting harvest anticipation in 4.8 and 5.3 days, respectively.
The phonology of vowel VISC-osity – acoustic evidence and representational implications
Authors: Schwartz Geoffrey
Published: March 2021

While vowel inherent spectral change (VISC) is becoming increasingly prominent in phonetic descriptions of varieties of English, there is little data on whether and how formant dynamics may shape the vowel systems of other languages. This paper provides cross-language acoustic comparisons of the degree of VISC in Polish and British English. In one study, British English showed a greater concentration of F1 movement earlier in the time course of vowels than Polish. In a second study, proficient Polish speakers of English showed a greater concentration of F1 movement earlier in the time course of vowels while speaking their L2 English than while speaking their L1 Polish. These findings are in line with a proposal formulated in the Onset Prominence (OP) framework, by which the relative degree of formant dynamics in the two languages is attributable to consonantal or vocalic affiliation of the Vocalic Onset (VO) node of structure. Consonantal VO affiliation in English contributes to a greater degree of VISC concentrated earlier in vowel duration. Further empirical patterns associated with the OP representational settings in the two languages are also discussed, along with implications for other languages.
Dynamics of Soil Moisture under Different Water Levels and Various Dosages of Organic Fertilizer
Authors: Nur Subandi , Suwarto Suwarto , Saparso Saparso , Djatmiko Heru Adi
Published: March 2021

The study aimed to determine the dynamics of soil moisture in various standing water levels and dosages of organic fertilizer. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with a 3 × 3 factorial treatment in 3 replicates. The first factor was 3 different water levels, namely 10 cm (T1), 20 cm (T2), and 30 cm (T3). The second factor was 3 levels of dosages of organic fertilizer, namely 0 g pot-1(P1), 35 g pot-1 (P2), and 70 g pot-1 (P3). The highest of soil moisture was obtained in the 10 cm water levels and 70 g organic fertilizer (T1P3) and the lowest in the 30 cm water levels and without organic fertilizer (T3P1). The highest infiltration rate was obtained in the 30 cm water levels and 70 g pot-1 organic fertilizer (T3P3), the 30 cm water levels and 35 g pot-1 organic fertilizer (T3P2), the 20 cm water levels and 70 g pot-1 organic fertilizer (T2P3), and the lowest in the combination of the 10 cm water levels and without organic fertilizer (T1P1). The highest capillary rate was obtained in the combination of the 30 cm water levels and 70 g organic fertilizer (T3P3) and the lowest in the combination of the 30 cm water levels and without organic fertilizer (T3P1).
The Impact of the Corona Pandemic on the Psychological and Social Resilience of Kindergarten Children from the Point of View of Parents
Authors: Jabali Safia M.
Published: March 2021

The study aimed to identify the impact of the Corona pandemic on the psychological and social resilience of kindergarten children from the point of view of parents, and the study was based on the descriptive method, and the sample of the study consisted of (200) parents of kindergarten children in the city of Amman, and to achieve the objectives of the study was prepared a measure of flexibility in both fields: psychological flexibility and social flexibility after ascertaining the sincerity and stability. The results of the study indicated the following: The impact of the Corona pandemic on the psychological and social resilience of kindergarten children came from the point of view of the parents to a medium degree, the existence of statistically significant differences in the overall degree and social flexibility in light of the impact of the Corona pandemic in the view of kindergarten children from the point of view of parents attributable to the sex variable.
Maximizing Stockholder Wealth under Corporate Governance Mechanisms: Evidence from EGX
Authors: Wagdi Osama , Salman Eman , Abouzeid Walid
Published: March 2021

The study dealt the corporate governance mechanisms (CGM) to achieve the goal of maximizing stockholder wealth. That under the dividend decision is the crux of the agency problem. A quantitative sample of 15 companies listed on the Egyptian Stock Exchange for the period from 2005 to 2019. According to the quantitative analysis, the interpretation rate of corporate governance mechanisms is 60.97% of maximizing stockholder wealth in the Egyptian business environment. While the qualitative analysis included 417 individuals that have been examined according to a survey (questionnaire). The results concluded that there is a significant difference in the attitudes of stakeholders towards the role of CGM in determining dividend decision.
Political Environment and Biosocial Projects Performance in Informal Settlements in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Njeri Ngacha
Published: March 2021

This research study strived to find out the influence of Political Environment on biosocial projects performance in informal settlements in the county of Nairobi. The extent to which political environment influence biosocial project performance. Biosocial projects are projects working with people with disabilities. Two theories, Theory of Constraint and diffusion were used in this field of study to support predictive and outcome variable respectively. Pragmatism paradigm and mixed research were adopted in this study projects. Quantitative data was collected through structured self-administered questionnaires while qualitative data was collected through interview guides. Collection of data was preceded by testing for validity of research instruments through reliability and content related method through test-retest criterion. In Nairobi County, a sample size of 183 individuals from 61 biosocial projects were selected from a target sample of 70 biosocial projects. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data from 61 beneficiaries of the biosocial projects and 61 staff members directly working for biosocial projects in the County of Nairobi. In- depth qualitative interviews with 61 state and non-state actors through purposive sampling technique were executed. Arithmetic mean and the standard deviation were the statistical tools of analysis that were used for descriptive data, whereas Stepwise Regression (R2) and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation (r) were the statistical tools of analysis that were used for inferential statistics whereas F-tests were executed to test hypothesis. To avoid statistical analysis invalidation, statistical assumptions tests were executed before analysis of data. Null hypothesis after analysis of data analysis was rejected at r = 0.313, F = 8.988, p = 0.004<0.01. Conclusively, constitution of Kenya 2010 and the Persons with Disabilities Act, 2003 were some of the key legal legislation that were pointed out to be championing success of biosocial projects performance that champion for the rights of persons with disabilities.
Irreversibility Analysis of R407C, R404A, and R134A as an Alternatives of R22 in Vapor Compression Chiller under Cycling Conditions
Authors: KHUDHAİR AL-NADAWİ Ayad
Published: March 2021

This paper presents irreversibility analysis using experimental data from vapor compression chiller system using R22, R407C, R404A and R-134A as working fluids. The system operated under cycling condition, which allowing the water to circulate in the evaporator and recording data every ten minutes. Further, the experimental study was conducted at different water and ambient temperature to identify the parameter that cause the energy deterioration. The findings show that the total irreversibility increases at high water mass flow rate. Additionally, high ambient temperature increase the irreversibility of the system. R134A and R407C are a good replacement for R22 in terms of irreversibility analysis during cycling condition.
Whole-genome sequencing for TB source investigations: principles of ethical precision public health
Authors: Van Rie A. , de Viedma D. G. , Meehan C. , Comas I. , Heupink T. H. , De Vos E. , de Oñate W. A. , Mathys V. , Ceyssens P-J. , Groenen G. , González‐Candelas F. , Forier A. , Juengst E.
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND: Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis allows rapid, accurate inferences about the sources, location and timing of transmission. However, in an era of heightened concern for personal privacy and science distrust, such inferences could result
in unintended harm and undermine the public´s trust.METHODS: We held interdisciplinary stakeholder discussions and performed ethical analyses of real-world illustrative cases to identify principles that optimise benefit and mitigate harm of M. tuberculosis WGS‐driven
TB source investigations.RESULTS: The speed and precision with which real‐time WGS can be used to associate M. tuberculosis strains with sensitive information has raised important concerns. While detailed understanding of transmission events could mitigate harm to
vulnerable patients and communities when otherwise unfairly blamed for TB outbreaks, the precision of WGS can also identify transmission events resulting in social blame, fear, discrimination, individual or location stigma, and the use of defaming language by the public, politicians and scientists.
Public health programmes should balance the need to safeguard privacy with public health goals, transparency and individual rights, including the right to know who infects whom or where.CONCLUSIONS: Ethical challenges raised by real‐time WGS‐driven TB source investigation
requires public health authorities to move beyond their current legal mandate and embrace transparency, privacy and community engagement.
Amino acid digestibility in diets containing copra meal with β-mannanase fed to growing pigs
Authors: Jang Jae Cheol , Kim Dong Hyuk , Jang Young Dal , Kim Yoo Yong
Published: March 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in growing pigs fed diets containing increasing levels of copra meal (CM) with β-mannanase supplementation.Methods: Twenty barrows (initial body weight: 34.43±0.11 kg) surgically fitted with T-cannulas at the distal ileum were individually housed in metabolism crates. Pigs were allotted to 5 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with 4 replicates per treatment. The dietary treatments were: i) NC, negative control, corn-soybean meal (SBM) based diet, ii) PC, positive control, basal diet + 0.10% β-mannanase supplementation (800 IU/kg), iii) CM6, PC diet with 6% CM supplementation, iv) CM12, PC diet with 12% CM supplementation, and v) CM18, PC diet with 18% CM supplementation. A nitrogen-free diet was used to estimate basal endogenous losses of AA for SID calculation. All experimental diets contained 0.5% chromic oxide as an indigestible marker. Each period consisted of a 4-d diet adaptation period and a 3-d ileal digesta collection period.Results: There were no differences in apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and SID of all AA between the NC and PC treatments except that the PC treatment had lower AID and SID of glycine than the NC treatment (p<0.05). There were linear decreases in AID and SID of lysine (p<0.05) and aspartic acid (p = 0.06; tendency) with increasing levels of CM in the diets with β-mannanase.Conclusion: The β-mannanase supplementation had no effect on AA digestibility in pigs fed the corn-SBM based diet but increasing levels of CM reduced SID of lysine and aspartic acid.
Método para rotular Ligações Semânticas na Web de Dados
Authors: Da Silveira Rafael Neves , Cavalcanti Maria Cláudia
Published: March 2021

A Web Semântica, com suas linguagens e padrões, fornece uma estrutura comum que permite que os dados sejam compartilhados e reutilizados. Uma forma de aumentar o conhecimento sobre esses dados é realizando novas interligações entre datasets. No entanto, a maioria das abordagens de interligação apresentam ligações do tipo "Same As" ou "Related To". Este último tipo deixa vago o significado da relação encontrada. Este trabalho apresenta um método para rotular esse tipo de relação entre datasets, por meio da utilização de ontologias e vocabulários controlados. Além do método, apresenta também a aplicação WEB denominada PLAIN que o implementa, e um estudo de caso demonstrando a viabilidade e funcionalidade da abordagem proposta.
Die Legislaturperiode als Demokratieproblem
Authors: Schönberger Arno
Published: March 2021

By abandoning fixed legislative periods in favour of permanent electoral options, the dissertation pursues a completely new approach of linking state decision-making to the permanently changing will of the people more intensively in terms of both time and material than is possible with a period-based electoral system. The basic idea of the work is that the possibilities of digitalization enable alternatives to voting on ballots to be used to cast votes and determine results independently of fixed deadlines, without compromising the principles of electoral law from Article 38 (1) s. 1 GG or incurring the disadvantages of direct-democratic decision-making instruments.
Gruppenverfolgung im Asyl- und Flüchtlingsrecht
Authors: Dudley Daria
Published: March 2021

In this work, the case law of the factual and higher courts on group prosecution is analyzed. The thesis examines the uniformity or lack thereof in case law on group persecution, the reasons behind this, and its effects on the quality of this species of case law. The author comes to the result that the expansion of authority of the Federal Administrative Court is not a remedy for closing possible deficits. It would be disproportionate and, therefore, impertinent to resort to such a drastic measure without first addressing the real roots of the problem. In light of this, alternative solutions are proposed.

The author is an asylum procedure advisor and a full-time employee of the German Red Cross.
Praktiken der Onsite-Werkvertragsnutzung in Deutschland
Authors: Hertwig Markus , Wirth Carsten
Published: March 2021

Die Vergabe von Werkverträgen, die im Betrieb des Werkbestellers, also onsite, ausgeführt werden, hat – nicht zuletzt befördert durch die Ausbrücke von Corona-Masseninfektionen in Fleischfabriken – wieder eine hohe mediale Aufmerksamkeit erreicht. Die vorliegende Studie gibt einen differenzierten Einblick in die Ergebnisse einer repräsentativen CATI-Befragung und von Fallstudien aus dem Verarbeitenden Gewerbe und dem Einzelhandel. Sie zeigt, dass Onsite-Werkverträge insbesondere in den Großbetrieben quantitativ bedeutsam sind und sie vor allem aus Kostensenkungsgründen vergeben werden. Das Management von Onsite-Werkverträgen geht mit vielfältigen Herausforderungen einschließlich Schein-Werkverträgen und neuen Abhängigkeitsproblemen einher. Die betrieblichen Interessenvertretungen lehnen Onsite-Werkverträge ab oder akzeptierend sie. Aber selbst wenn ihnen auf Basis dieser Grundhaltungen eine Ausgestaltung der Werkvertragspraxis gelingt, führen Onsite-Werkverträge – von wenigen Ausnahmen im Bereich Hochqualifizierter abgesehen – zu einer Schlechterstellung der Werkvertragsarbeitskräfte im Vergleich zu den Stammbelegschaften und häufig auch zu negativen Konsequenzen für die Stammbelegschaften selbst.
The Philadelphia Story
Authors: Foa Pamela ,   Society for the Philosophic Study of the Contemporary Visual Arts
Published: March 2021

Contra Stanley Cavell in Pursuits of Happiness, I argue that in The Philadelphia Story Tracy Lord (Katherine Hepburn) squanders her opportunity for a fully mature relationship when she rejects Mike Connor (Jimmy Stewart) to remarry her former husband, C. K. Dexter Haven (Cary Grant). Critics of Cavell’s analysis of this film have generally accepted that at their remarriage Tracy and Dexter are perfect for each other, but disagree about which of the men in her life is responsible for her education and maturation. I argue, instead, that to become the intelligent, erotic, fully mature woman she can be, Tracy should have married Mike. To defend my view, I look at details in The Philadelphia Story that have not been widely noted (e.g. the wordless prologue and costuming) and offer a different interpretation of some other details that have been noticed. On my analysis, at the end of the movie, faced with the prospect of true autonomy, Tracy becomes so frightened that she abandons her agency and retreats to the stability and protection that her former husband represents.
Les Naïades de la région Grand-Est : état des connaissances et perspectives
Authors: LAMAND Florent , CUCHERAT Xavier
Published: March 2021

Les Bivalves de l’ordre des Unionida Gray, 1854 sont considérés comme ingénieurs dans les hydrosystèmes aquatiques et font partie des animaux les plus menacés à l’échelle planétaire. En région Grand-Est, 11 espèces sont présentes. Sur la base d’une collecte d’observations contemporaines intégrant quelques données anciennes (1800), une base de données composée d’au moins 1200 sites d’observations a été constituée. À partir de cette base, une synthèse des observations de chacune des espèces est proposée et commentée. Les biais d’acquisition et les perspectives futures sont abordés au regard des besoins pour la conservation et l’amélioration de la prise en compte de ces espèces dans les politiques environnementales régionales.
Investigation of lane-level GNSS positioning of vehicle in urban area
Authors: Akhmedov Daulet , Moldabekov Meirbek , Yeryomin Denis , Zhaxygulova Dinara , Kaliyeva Rimma
Published: March 2021

High quality GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) positioning can be useful for numerous engineering tasks, for example, in transport applications concerned to monitoring and optimization of road traffic. In this case lane-level positioning is a relevant task and its solution should satisfy a wide range of users, and thus should be low-cost and easy to use. In this paper the solution of accurate GNSS positioning of the car with the use of differential correction of navigation data in order to provide positioning by the lane level in urban areas of Kazakhstan is investigated. A smartphone is considered as low-cost navigation aid. Navigation data obtained using a smartphone were differentially corrected using the developed software of the Control System for Reference GNSS Station Network relative to one reference station. It is shown that using a smartphone as a navigation aid with further differential correction of data relative to one reference station allows positioning vehicles in motion with an error of 1.4 meters. The result is valuable as a basis for developing intelligent transportation systems.
Method for harvesting solar energy
Authors: Bassi Hussain
Published: March 2021

The cooling of the surface of the solar photovoltaic (PV) system is a major operative factor in achieving greater efficiency. Correct cooling can improve electrical efficiency and reduce cell degradation rates over time. This results in increasing the life of the solar PV modules. In industrial and domestic utilization, the cooling system is used for the removal of excess heat. This paper presents a new method for cooling systems for solar PV which results in the improvement in the collection of the solar insolation. The additional feature of the method has been the tracking of sunlight for efficient power generation. Further, the extra heat can be utilized for other purposes including heating and power generation through thermal means. The concept of the proposed system has been explained in detail with the pictorial representation. Also, for the validation of the improved performance of the proposed system, a detailed comparison with the conventional methods have been provided for five different cities of Saudi Arabia and an improvement of twice collection of insolation has been estimated compare to the conventional systems. The proposed system shows improved performance for all operating conditions.
Increasing the efficiency of membrane technologies in water treatment processes
Authors: Kuvardina Mikhailovna
Published: March 2021

The twenty-first century is the century of the rapid development of nanotechnologies, which determine the successful dynamics of the country's economy, save energy resources, and ensure a safe ecological level of the environment. Membrane processes have rightfully occupied their niche in various areas of a number of industries. Modern technologies have made it possible to create a wide range of membranes with good mechanical, thermal and chemical properties. The range of membrane devices and installations is also diverse, which are more and more improved from year to year. Water treatment of boiler houses is a necessary process that ensures successful commissioning of technological equipment of industrial enterprises, as well as heating systems. Water treatment systems are high-cost technologies, and these costs increase annually due to annually increasing trends: an increase in tariffs for water use, deterioration of water quality indicators in sources suitable for industrial use, stricter standards for quantitative and qualitative indicators for discharged effluents, increasing quality requirements treated water used in the technological cycle.
Influence of management on maintenance and dynamics of carbon in the soil
Authors: Costa Tancio Gutier Ailan , Iwata Bruna de Freitas , Souza Wesley dos Santos , Rocha Israel Lobato , Silva Ana Carla Rodrigues da , Maia Ericka Paloma Viana , Ferreira Paula Fernanda Alves , Nascimento Claudio Adriano de Jesus , Alves Amanda Sales
Published: March 2021

This work aimed to analyze the dynamics of soil carbon in agricultural areas under different soil management systems and natural ecosystems with Cerrado vegetation. The study was carried out in a grain production area equivalent to soybeans and corn located in the Western region of Bahia State with the adoption of conventional and no-tillage + Brachiaria and vegetable production in the southernmost tip of Piauí State under organic cultivation and vegetable cultivation + no-tillage, besides the native area of ​​the Cerrado. Total organic C content, light organic matter, and soil organic matter were evaluated. Furthermore, the C stock and light organic matter were assessed at four depths (0.0-0.05, 0.05-0.10, 0.10-0, 20, and 0.20-0.40 m). The systems under vegetable cultivation and native area presented the highest levels of C, organic matter, and soil carbon stocks in the superficial layers. However, the NTS + B2 showed higher levels in depth, except for light organic matter. Thus, the content, dynamics, and maintenance of C into the soil are nearly influenced by the management system adopted, both for the lighter fractions of organic matter and the more mineralized forms such as TOC, OSM, and StkC.
Indicadores socioambientais em sistemas agroflorestais no Cerrado goiano
Authors: Santos Leovigildo Aparecido Costa , Souza Wander Gomes de , Souza Murilo Mendonça Oliveira de , Silva Neto Carlos de Melo
Published: March 2021

O estudo propõe e analisa indicadores socioambientais de sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs) multiestrata inseridos no Cerrado goiano, para tanto, emprega o Marco para Evaluación de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturales Incorporando Indicadores de Sustentabilidad (MESMIS). É proposto ainda um índice socioambiental geral (ISG) para cada um dos oito SAFs analisados, bem como uma análise de agrupamento hierárquico para verificar as similaridades ou as diferenças entre os sistemas com base nos indicadores. Com a adaptação do método MESMIS foi possível observar a eficiência produtiva dos SAFs e dos agroecossistemas, bem como alguns fatores que influenciam no potencial de comercialização dos produtos oriundos desses sistemas. Foi possível identificar ainda, os perfis de parte dos agricultores que cultivam SAFs no Cerrado goiano, um pouco das características organizacionais dos agroecossistemas, também qual a contribuição desses sistemas para a qualidade de vida dos agricultores.
Synthetic estrogens, their presence in aquatic ecosystems and effects on biota
Authors: Silva Débora Maria Carvalho da , Silva Cléber Domingos Cunha da
Published: March 2021

Synthetic estrogens are endocrine disrupting compounds that might be in water bodies and, consequently, interfere in hormonal, metabolic and reproductive functions of organisms exposed. This study aims to analyze the international scientific literature about those chemicals through a systematic and narrative review. The investigated estrogens were 17a-ethinylestradiol (EE2), Mestranol (MeEE2), Diethylstilbestrol (DES) and Dienestrol (DNS), which are widely present in pharmaceuticals, consumed and disposed in the environment. For this review, only scientific papers, published from 1990 to 2019, were considered. They were collected in ScienceDirect, PubMed and Scielo online platforms. Introductory information about the compounds, such as their chemical characteristics and use in society were described, as their occurrence in aquatic ecosystems and effects on biota, reported by environmental assessments and ecotoxicological tests, respectively. According to this study, China is the major contributor in quantitative terms, counting 21 articles about synthetic estrogens. Some hormones demonstrated to be more investigated than others; moreover, the increasing of research about those emerging contaminants was noticed. Additionally, Brazilian water bodies revealed to have the highest concentrations, which should encourage critical thinking on its insufficient environmental management. The study also highlights the importance of scientific research expansion and its implementation on truly effective public policies for aquatic ecosystem conservation.
Avaliação do potencial metanogênico da codigestão de resíduos de feira e fezes caninas
Authors: Bento Raquel Flavia Pires , Silva Lívia Maria da Costa , Uribe Boris , Guerrero Lorna , Urtubia Alejandra , Almonacid Sergio , Barahona Andrea
Published: March 2021

O estudo avaliou a geração de metano e biodegradabilidade por meio de um ensaio anaeróbio em condições mesofílicas (37°C) de três misturas de resíduos orgânicos (resíduos de feira e fezes caninas) nas seguintes proporções volumétricas: amostra 1 (30% feira e 70% fezes); amostra 2 (20% feira e 80% fezes) e amostra 3 (10% feira e 90% fezes). O inóculo utilizado teve procedência de um digestor anaeróbio que tratava fezes suínas e foi previamente aclimatado. Para o ensaio, 6 minirreatores (volume efetivo de 0,3 l) foram montados (3 fixos e 3 sacrifícios), contendo as misturas apresentadas e o inóculo, além de 2 reatores (brancos) que só tinham o inóculo, para estimar seu efeito intrínseco. Após 41 dias de operação, houve uma remoção total de DQO de 58%, 34% e 63% e remoção de STV de 33%, 30% e 40% para as amostras 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente. As amostras 1 e 3 demonstraram uma possibilidade de tratamento desses resíduos orgânicos justificada pela biodegradabilidade dentro da faixa esperada de um biodigestor anaeróbio. A amostra 3 obteve melhor resultado, no entanto, tardou uma semana para gerar o biogás e tratou um menor volume de substrato para manter a mesma relação de nutrientes (relação C: N: P) entre as amostras. As taxas de 86 L CH4/kg DQOeliminada, 301 L CH4/kg DQOeliminada e 133 L CH4/kg DQOeliminada foram alcançadas pelas amostras respectivamente, resultados abaixo dos valores de referência.
Atropelamento de fauna silvestre em uma Reserva da Biosfera no Brasil: ameaças à conservação do Pantanal Norte do Brasil
Authors: Curvo Lucimar Rodrigues Vieira , Alencar Sônia Biaggi Alves de , Kreutz Franciele Itati , Barbosa Guilherme Capibaribe Ribeiro , Costa Celso Soares , Ferreira Milena Wolff
Published: March 2021

Animais silvestres são atropelados por veículos automotores, causando a morte ao longo de rodovias. Estima-se que 476 milhões de animais silvestres são mortos a cada ano no Brasil. O Pantanal Norte, no bioma brasileiro de Mato Grosso, é uma região que vem ao longo da sua história de uso e ocupação, sofrendo grandes pressões antrópicas, principalmente atividades de garimpo, mineração, pesca desportiva e profissional predatória, introdução de espécies, agricultura, pecuária e urbanização.  A rodovia MT – 040 (Estrada-Parque Santo Antônio – Barão de Melgaço com 112 Km até Barão de Melgaço (Pantanal Norte). O objetivo deste estudo foi registrar atropelamentos de animais silvestres por veículos automotores ao longo da Estrada Parque (Pantanal Norte de Mato Grosso).  Os cadáveres dos animais atropelados foram fotografados e identificados por zoólogos especialistas, através de fotos, georreferenciadas. Obtive-se como resultados a ocorrência de 86 (oitenta e nove) animais, pertencentes a 9 (seis) ordens diferentes. Identificou-se as seguintes espécies: 34 Capivaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), 10 Quati (Nasua nasua), 6 Tamandua-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), 1 Gavião-belo (Busarellus nigricollis), 12 jacaré-do-pantanal (Caiman yacare), 7 Tamanduá-mirim (Tamandua tetradactyla), 17 cahorro-do-mato (Speothos venaticus), 1 sucuri (Eunetctus murinus) e 1 jibóia (Boa constrictor). Constatou-se a predominância da mortandade de mamíferos e das ordens Rodentia, Pilosa e carnívora, durante o período de cheia. Devido a relevância deste estudo, faz-se necessário o monitoramento constante de animais silvestres na região, conhecer sua biologia e principalmente criar políticas públicas que visem a fiscalização, conservação e minimizar os impactos causados nesses ecossistema naturais.