bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intrageneric relationships within Gerbilliscus (Rodentia, Muridae, Gerbillinae), with characterization of an additional West African species
Authors: GRANJON LAURENT , COLANGELO PAOLO , TATARD CAROLINE , COLYN MARC , DOBIGNY GAUTHIER , NICOLAS VIOLAINE
Published: April 2019

The systematics of the African rodent genus Gerbilliscus is still a matter of debate. At the genus level it has been said toinclude the related genus Gerbillurus, and at the species level some species still need to be definitely recognized as dis-tinct. To tackle these questions, we gathered and analyzed mitochondrial (cytochrome b) and nuclear (BRCA1) gene se-quences in a number of specimens representing ten species of Gerbilliscus and three species of Gerbillurus. Phylogeneticreconstructions confirm that Gerbillurus should be considered a synonym of Gerbilliscus. They also clearly show that spe-cies diversity in this group is spatially organized, with geographically well-defined species groups covering major areasof sub-Saharan Africa, namely Southern, Eastern and Western Africa. In the latter area, a well-supported genetic lineageappears to correspond to a hitherto overlooked species, also characterized by a distinctive karyotype. This species is char-acterized by an overall large size, a relatively long tail, a distinct karyotype, and represents a well-differentiated geneticcluster. It ranges from Benin to Guinea in Sudano-Guinean forest-savanna mosaic habitats, where it can be sympatric withthe congeneric species G. kempi and G. guineae. Detailed body and skull morphological and biometrical analyses per-formed on samples of the West African species, including type specimens described in this region, suggest that this speciesmay correspond to G. kempi. If confirmed, this would imply that what is currently named G. kempi would deserve another species name, the most likely of which would be G. giffardi.
New species of Limipolycystis Schilke, 1970 (Rhabdocoela: Kalyptorhynchia: Polycystididae) from the Western Mediterranean
Authors: ARTOIS TOM , WILLEMS WIM , REVIS NATHALIE , MARTENS PAUL , SCHOCKAERT ERNEST
Published: April 2019

Five new species of Limipolycystis Schilke, 1970 are described and their morphology is compared to that of the only spe-cies known, L. curvitubo Schilke, 1970. L. sicilicula n. sp., L. falx n. sp., L friedae n. sp., L. libra n. sp. and L. wallbergin. sp. all largely resemble L. curvitubo as to the internal anatomy. They all have a caudally-situated testis and, at least inthose species for which good material is available, a seminal receptacle could be seen. This seminal receptacle is tubiform,connecting the bursa with the most proximal part of the oviduct, which is filled with sperm. All these species are mainlydistinguishable from each other by details in the shape of the stylet. Diagnoses are provided for all new species and the diagnosis of the genus is emended to reflect the new finds.
A review of the genera Leiopus Audinet-Serville, 1835 and Acanthocinus, Dejean, 1821 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Acanthocinini) in Asia, with descriptions of six new species of Leiopus from China
Authors: WALLIN HENRIK , KVAMME TORSTEIN , LIN MEIYING
Published: April 2019

The genera Leiopus Audinet-Serville, 1835 and Acanthocinus Dejean, 1821 are redescribed. New morphologicaldifferences at the generic level are described, and the importance of genitalia characters in taxonomy at both species andgeneric level is emphasized. Carinopus subgen. nov. in Leiopus is described from mainland China and Taiwan.Acanthobatesianus subgen. nov. in Acanthocinus is described from China, the Korean peninsula and Japan. Leiopus(Carinopus) campbelli (Gressitt, 1937) comb. nov. is transferred from Acanthocinus, and Acanthocinus(Acanthobatesianus) guttatus (Bates, 1873) comb. nov. from Leiopus. Six new species of Leiopus from China arediagnosed, described, and illustrated: L. nigropunctatus sp. nov., L. flavomaculatus sp. nov., L. ocellatus sp. nov., L.nigrofasciculosus sp. nov., L. holzschuhi sp. nov. and L. multipunctellus sp. nov. Redescriptions of L. kharaziiHolzschuh, 1974, L. albivittis albivittis Kraatz, 1879, L. stillatus (Bates, 1884), L. (Carinopus) shibatai Hayashi, 1974, L.(Carinopus) fallaciosus Holzschuh, 1993, L. (Carinopus) campbelli (Gressitt, 1937) comb. nov. and Acanthocinus(Acanthobatesianus) guttatus (Bates, 1873) comb. nov. are added. A key to the generic and subgeneric levels of Leiopusand Acanthocinus, and a dichotomous key to all six new species of Carinopus subgen. nov. (Leiopus str.) from China, are provided.
Morphologic study of male genitalia and female description of Schistopeltis lizeri Rehn (Blaberidae, Zetoborinae, Triboniini)
Authors: DEL CARMEN VALVERDE ALEJANDRA , CRESPO FRANCISCO ANTONIO , IGLESIAS MÓNICA SANDRA
Published: April 2019

The genital sclerites of the male, the female and the mature nymph of Schistopeltis lizeri are described. The genitalia ofS. lizeri, S. microschistos and S. peculiaris are compared. The generic status of Schistopeltis is validated although it has close relationship with Tribonium.
A new substitute name for Bidessus (Bidessodes) plicatus Zimmermann, 1921 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae: Bidessini)
Authors: HÁJEK JIŘÍ
Published: April 2019

During a study of the World catalogue of Dytiscidae (Nilsson 2001) I found an overlooked primary homonymy in the genus Bidessus Sharp, 1882 (Hydroporinae: Bidessini). Bidessus (Bidessodes) plicatus Zimmermann, 1921 (currently in the genus Bidessodes Régimbart, 1900) from Brazil is preoccupied by Bidessus plicatus Sharp, 1882 (currently in the genus Liodessus Guignot, 1939) from New Zealand. As the identity of both taxa is clear, I propose a new substitute name for the junior homonym.
Two new species of the spider genus Tropizodium Jocqué & Churchill, 2005 with notes on the femoral organ clade from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Zodariidae, Zodariinae)
Authors: DANKITTIPAKUL PAKAWIN , JOCQUÉ RUDY , SINGTRIPOP TIPPAWAN
Published: April 2019

Four species of Tropizodium Jocqué & Churchill, 2005 are newly recognized from Southeast Asia of which two speciesare new: T. siam sp. nov. from northern Thailand and T. murphyorum sp. nov. from Bali, Indonesia. Tropizodium serrafer-um (Lin & Li, 2009) comb. nov. is here transferred from Zodariellum Andreeva & Tyschchenko, 1968. The monotypicgenus, Indozodion Ovtchinnikov, 2006, is considered a junior synonym of Tropizodium. Its single species consequently becomes Tropizodium inayatullahi (Ovtchinnikov, 2006) comb. nov.
Description of three Rhacophorus tadpoles (Lissamphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Sarawak, Malaysia (Borneo)
Authors: HAAS ALEXANDER , HERTWIG STEFAN T. , KRINGS WENKE , BRASKAMP ENZO , DEHLING J. MAXIMILIAN , MIN PUI YONG , JANKOWSKI ANDRÉ , SCHWEIZER MANUEL , DAS INDRANEIL
Published: April 2019

This communication reports the discovery of the hitherto unknown larval forms of Rhacophorus rufipes and R. penanorum, andre-describes the tadpole of R. dulitensis. Tadpoles of all three species were discovered at Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak(Borneo), Malaysia. The identity of the larvae was determined by DNA barcoding techniques using partial 16S rRNA mito-chondrial gene sequences. Larval DNA sequences matched those of syntopic adults of respective species. Detailed descriptionsof external morphology and colouration in life are provided along with ecological notes. The tadpole of R. rufipes and R.dulitensis can be classified as generalized, benthic-nectonic type, whereas tadpoles of R. penanorum show adaptations typical for a lotic, rheophilous lifestyle.
Terebra limatula Dall,1889 and T. acrior Dall, 1889 (Gastropoda: Terebridae); two problematic taxa from the western Atlantic
Authors: GARCIA EMILIO F.
Published: April 2019

In a recent paper Terryn (2011) synonymized Terebra limatula Dall, 1889 and T. l. var. acrior Dall, 1889. This paper proposes that the two taxa are separate species; and that Terryn’s determination that Terebra crassireticula Simone, 1999 is a junior synonym of T. limatula may also be in error.
Discovery of Metacrangonyx in inland groundwaters of Oman (Amphipoda: Gammaridea: Metacrangonyctidae)
Authors: JAUME DAMIÀ , VONK RONALD
Published: April 2019

A new species of metacrangonyctid amphipod crustacean is described from the Salalah coastal plain aquifer in south-western Oman. This is the easternmost record of the group, with representatives previously thought to span from Hispaniola in the Caribbean to the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt. Metacrangonyx dhofarensis sp. nov. is unique among metacrangonyctids in the display of a sexually dimorphic armature on pereiopod IV. In addition, its hypertrophied coxal plate IV, reduced plates I-III, coxal plate VII lacking anteroventral lobe, and telson longer than broad are also distinctive. The same holds for the proximal segment of peduncle of antennule, provided with two hypertrophied robust setae on dorsolateral margin. The mandibles of the new species are devoid of palp, a feature shared only with Metacrangonyx antennatus Messouli, El Alami, Coineau & Boutin, 2008. The presence of metacrangonyctids on the coasts of the Arabian Peninsula is probably the result of a vicariant event rather than of an episode of trans-Arabian continental dispersal by a Middle East ancestor. This is in accord with the presumed marine origin of the family and with the existence of a shallow water marine continuum between the current south-western Omani coast and the peri-Mediterranean area -where most species of metacrangonyctids are located - until approximately 16 Ma.
Systematic revision of the South American genus Praocis Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Part 1: Introduction and subgenus Praocis s. str.
Authors: FLORES GUSTAVO E. , PIZARRO-ARAYA JAIME
Published: April 2019

The first part of a revision of the species comprising the genus Praocis Eschscholtz, 1829 (Pimeliinae: Praociini) is present-ed. The history of taxonomic research on Praocis is reviewed. The subgeneric classification is outlined. The subgenusPraocis s. str., distributed in Central and Southern Chile, is revised. Species occur from 26º South to 42º South in the bio-geographic provinces of Atacama, Coquimbo, Santiago, Maule and Valdivian Forest. Included is a redescription of the sub-genus Praocis s. str., redescription of its species, an identification key, habitus photographs of the most representative species,illustrations of external morphology and genital features, scanning electron micrographs of pronotum, head and antenna, as well as distribution maps. Praocis s. str. comprises 18 species, two of which are new: Praocis (Praocis) bicentenario sp.nov. and P. (P.) medvedevi sp. nov. Other species include: Praocis (Praocis) aenea Gay & Solier 1840, P. (P.) costata Gay& Solier 1840, P. (P.) curta Solier 1840, P. (P.) elliptica Philippi & Philippi 1864, P. (P.) hirtella Kulzer 1958, P. (P.) mar-ginata Germain 1855, P. (P.) parva Gay & Solier 1840, P. (P.) quadrisulcata Germain 1855, P. (P.) rufipes Eschscholtz1829 (type species), P. (P.) sanquinolenta Gay & Solier 1840, P. (P.) spinolai Gay & Solier 1840, P. (P.) subaenea Erichson1834, P. (P.) subsulcata Gay & Solier 1840, P. (P.) sulcata Eschscholtz 1829 and P. (P.) tibialis Gay & Solier 1840. Thestatus of P. (P.) bicostata Philippi & Philippi 1864, currently considered a valid name, is discussed. A lectotype is desig-nated for Praocis (P.) laevicosta Curtis 1845 (synonym of P. (P.) subaenea). The subgenus Praocis (Parapraocis) Kulzer 1958 is excluded from Praocis.
Arauchemus, a new spider genus of the Echemus group (Araneae: Gnaphosidae: Echeminae) from Araucaria Forest areas in southern Brazil, with notes on habitat preferences and phenology
Authors: OTT RICARDO , BRESCOVIT ANTONIO DOMINGOS
Published: April 2019

The new genus Arauchemus is proposed to include two new species from southern Brazil. Arauchemus graudo sp. nov. andArauchemus miudo sp. nov. are described from São Francisco de Paula in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Both sympat-ric species were sampled along 20 months at three different habitats: primary and secondary forests and at Pinus silvicultures.A. graudo sp. nov. and A. miudo sp. nov. presented larger numbers at primary and secondary forests respectively. Both speciespresented stenochronic male activity patterns with male activity peak between the end of summer and beginning of autumn. Morphometric data on male cephalothorax indicate large size overlapping of both species.
Review of the Elmidae of Ecuador with the description of ten new species (Coleoptera: Elmidae)
Authors: MONTE CINZIA , MASCAGNI ALESSANDRO
Published: April 2019

Material collected during a biodiversity expedition in some protected areas of Ecuador, located in the provinces of Coto-paxi, Pichincha and Napo, resulted in ten new species and three first records. The new taxa are: Cylloepus bartolozzii sp.nov., Cylloepus cesari sp. nov., Cylloepus fabianorum sp. nov., Cylloepus francescae sp. nov., Cylloepus mazzai sp. nov.,Cylloepus terzanii sp. nov., Cylloepus whitmanae sp. nov., Macrelmis elicioi sp. nov., Pharceonus cianferonii sp. nov.and Stenhelmoides onorei sp. nov. The three records are: Cylloepus vicinus Hinton, 1940, Hexacylloepus nirgua Hinton,1973, Phanocerus congener Grouvelle, 1898. Habitus photographs and illustrations of aedeagi for all the new taxa andother useful characters for some of them, a key to the graniger species-group of Macrelmis, and a checklist of the Ecuadorian species with their general and local distributions are hereby included.
A new species of satyrine butterfly from Patagonia in more than a century and revisional notes on the genus Faunula C. Felder & R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)
Authors: PYRCZ TOMASZ W.
Published: April 2019

A new species of Satyrinae butterfly, Faunula dubii n. sp., is described from southern Patagonia in Chile and Argentina.Its affinities with other species of the genus Faunula C. & R. Felder are evaluated, and its distribution and habitat arediscussed. A new combination Faunula euripides n. comb., and a new synonymy are proposed, Punargenteus penaiHayward n. syn. of Satyrus gustavi (Staudinger). Generic status of Chillanella stelligera (Butler) is reconsidered. All the species of Satyrinae occurring in southern Patagonia are listed.
The Braconinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) of Turkey, with new locality records and descriptions of two new species of Bracon Fabricius, 1804
Authors: BEYARSLAN AHMET , ERDOĞAN ÖZLEM ÇETİN
Published: April 2019

Two new species, namely Bracon (Bracon) bachtiae Beyarslan sp. n. and Bracon (Glabrobracon) dersimensis Beyarslan sp. n.(Braconinae) collected from Kastamonu and Tunceli provinces of Turkey, are described and compared with related species.Records of 60 Braconinae species collected in different parts of Turkey, especially from the Central and Eastern Anatoliaregions between the years 1980 and 2009, are listed. Thirty-two species are reported as new to Turkey, and new distributional data is added for almost all species.
Taxonomic revision of the ciliate genus Zosterodasys Deroux, 1978 (Protista: Ciliophora: Synhymeniida)
Authors: VĎAČNÝ PETER , TIRJAKOVÁ EVA
Published: April 2019

The ciliate genus Zosterodasys was established with Z. agamalievi as the type species by Deroux (1978). Zosterodasys ischaracterized by (i) an obovoidal to ellipsoidal body which is not differentiated into a rostrum anteriorly; (ii) a conspicuouscyrtos, i.e., an obconical cytopharyngeal apparatus; and (iii) a special thickly ciliated structure, the so-called synhymenium,extending obliquely from the left to the right dorsal cell surface across the ventral side and thus interrupting all ventral ciliaryrows and some dorsal ones. Altogether 31 nominal species were originally described or subsequently combined withZosterodasys. However, we recognize only nine of them as reliable Zosterodasys species, eleven represent nomenclaturalsynonyms, one is a junior primary homonym, five are classified as species inquirendae, and five belong to other genera. Weprovide the following data for each reliable Zosterodasys species: author, date, and journal page of the original description; listof synonyms; diagnosis; type locality; type material; etymology; and remarks. Based on the morphologic and morphometriccharacters, we prepared an illustrated taxonomic key, containing all Zosterodasys species considered identifiable in this revision. Further, we discuss characters that have been used in the morphological taxonomy of the genus Zosterodasys.
A new species of Geoplana (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae) from the Western Amazon Basin with comments on the land planarian fauna from Peru
Authors: NEGRETE LISANDRO , Brusa Francisco , Damborenea Cristina
Published: April 2019

Geoplana excelentissima sp. nov. is described from the east centre of Peru. This new species is very long (165 mm), broad andflat. The dorsal surface is black with five white stripes, and two marginal pinkish stripes with a blue inner surface. A uniquecombination of external and internal characters (e. g. the copulatory apparatus) is present in the new species. Geoplana regiaand Geoplana matuta, species known from Brazil, have some affinities with respect to the copulatory apparatus. Additionally,we provide a list of all Geoplanidae species already described for Peru with new information on the distribution of some species through the revision of the Fundación Miguel Lillo Collection (Argentina).
100 Years of Progress in Boundary Layer Meteorology
Authors: LeMone Margaret A. , Angevine Wayne M. , Bretherton Christopher S. , Chen Fei , Dudhia Jimy , Fedorovich Evgeni , Katsaros Kristina B. , Lenschow Donald H. , Mahrt Larry , Patton Edward G. , Sun Jielun , Tjernström Michael , Weil Jeffrey
Published: April 2019

Over the last 100 years, boundary layer meteorology grew from the subject of mostly near-surface observations to a field encompassing diverse atmospheric boundary layers (ABLs) around the world. From the start, researchers drew from an ever-expanding set of disciplines—thermodynamics, soil and plant studies, fluid dynamics and turbulence, cloud microphysics, and aerosol studies. Research expanded upward to include the entire ABL in response to the need to know how particles and trace gases dispersed, and later how to represent the ABL in numerical models of weather and climate (starting in the 1970s–80s); taking advantage of the opportunities afforded by the development of large-eddy simulations (1970s), direct numerical simulations (1990s), and a host of instruments to sample the boundary layer in situ and remotely from the surface, the air, and space. Near-surface flux-profile relationships were developed rapidly between the 1940s and 1970s, when rapid progress shifted to the fair-weather convective boundary layer (CBL), though tropical CBL studies date back to the 1940s. In the 1980s, ABL research began to include the interaction of the ABL with the surface and clouds, the first ABL parameterization schemes emerged; and land surface and ocean surface model development blossomed. Research in subsequent decades has focused on more complex ABLs, often identified by shortcomings or uncertainties in weather and climate models, including the stable boundary layer, the Arctic boundary layer, cloudy boundary layers, and ABLs over heterogeneous surfaces (including cities). The paper closes with a brief summary, some lessons learned, and a look to the future.
Baloxavir Marboxil
Authors: Baker Danial E.
Published: April 2019

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary Monograph Service receive 5 well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late phase 3 trials. The monographs are targeted to Pharmacy & Therapeutics Committees. Subscribers also receive monthly 1-page summary monographs on agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation/medication use evaluation (DUE/MUE) is also provided each month. With a subscription, the monographs are available online to subscribers. Monographs can be customized to meet the needs of a facility. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. For more information about The Formulary Monograph Service, contact Wolters Kluwer customer service at 866-397-3433.
The thermal state and geothermal energy accumulation mechanism in the Xiong’an New Area, China
Authors: Gaofan Yue , Guiling Wang , Feng Ma , Wei Zhang , Zhijie Yang
Published: April 2019

There are abundant geothermal resources in the Xiong’an New Area, China. However, the thermal state and geothermal energy accumulation mechanism are not clear. Based on the geological conditions and the characteristics of the present geothermal field, a 2D model was established to analyze the process of mantle-derived heat conduction and to predict the distribution of the deep geothermal field. We calculated the terrestrial heat flow for the Rongcheng uplift and Niutuozhen uplift to be 64 and 75 mW/m2, respectively. The geothermal resources in this area are controlled by a four-element model comprising heat conduction, structural uplift, large deep fractures, and convection within the reservoir.
Why Social Threat Motivates Malevolent Creativity
Authors: Baas Matthijs , Roskes Marieke , Koch Severine , Cheng Yujie , De Dreu Carsten K. W.
Published: April 2019

History is rife with examples of the dark side of creativity—ingenious weapons, novel torture practices, and creative terrorist attacks—yet its psychological origins are sparsely addressed and poorly understood. Building on work showing that social threat induces focused thinking as well as aggressive cognitions and readiness to fight, we propose that threats lead to more malevolent creativity and less creativity in threat-irrelevant domains. Prisoner’s dilemma games were modified to evoke threat of exploitation. Participants then generated novel brick uses (Study 1, N = 113) or negotiation tactics (Study 2; N = 79). High (vs. low) social threat led to more “malevolent” creativity (e.g., using bricks as weapons; using intimidation as negotiation tactic). Social threat reduced nonthreat-related creative ideation only in Study 1. Study 2 showed that the increase of malevolent creativity was due to the motivation to defend and aggress, and emerged especially among individuals with a high need for cognition.
Intrabeam Radiation Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, and Invasiveness and Promotes Apoptosis of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Pan Lingxiao , Wan Minghui , Zheng Wenbo , Wu Rui , Tang Wei , Zhang Xiaoshen , Yang Tong , Ye Changsheng
Published: April 2019

Intraoperative radiotherapy differs from the more commonly used external beam radiation with respect to fractionation, radiation energy, dose rate, and target volume, which may influence the irradiated cells in a complex manner. However, experimental studies of intraoperative radiotherapy are limited. Intrabeam is a frequently used intraoperative radiotherapy device; we evaluated its effects on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. We performed colony formation assays for cells irradiated with single radiation doses of 0 to 16 Gy. Other cells were irradiated with single radiation doses of 0 to 6 Gy and then continued to be cultured. We measured cell-cycle distributions and apoptosis rates 24 hours later, using flow cytometry, and performed wound-healing assays, Transwell tests, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated 2′-deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate nick-end labeling staining 4 weeks later. Colony formation assays showed no positive colonies from cells irradiated with doses of ≥6 Gy. In flow cytometry, the experimental groups had higher late-apoptosis/necrosis rates ( P < .01) and higher percentages of cells arrested in G1 phase ( P < .01). Experimental groups also had much lower scratch-repair rates in the wound healing assay ( P < .001) and higher apoptosis rates in the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated 2′-deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate nick-end labeling assay ( P < .05). In Transwell tests, the 4 Gy and 6 Gy groups had fewer invading cells than the control group ( P < .05). Single-dose irradiation of 6 Gy with the Intrabeam device can effectively inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasiveness and promote apoptosis in MCF-7 cells with long-lasting effects.
Recurrent Ectopic Variceal Bleed After Pancreas Transplantation With No Portal Hypertension: Case Report and Outcomes of Endovascular Onyx Embolization
Authors: Rostambeigi Nassir , Shrestha Prashant , Dunn Ty B. , Golzarian Jafar , Khoshnoodi Pooria , Rosenberg Michael , Talaie Reza
Published: April 2019

A 57-year-old male presented with intermittent gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) 1 year after a successful simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplant. No source could be found after 5 tagged red blood cell studies, 3 computed tomographies (CTs), 7 endoscopies, and 4 catheter angiograms. Review of CTs showed pathologically enlarged superior mesenteric vein branches near a jejunal segment near pancreas graft. Transhepatic superior mesenteric venogram showed varicosities near jejunum, which were obliterated with ethylene vinyl alcohol (Onyx). Follow-up CTs confirmed complete obliteration, but he had more GIBs and eventually underwent native jejunal and donor duodenal resection. He has remained GIB-free for 12 months.
Intellectual property protection for FPGA designs using the public key cryptography
Authors: Huang Weihong , Li Renfa , Xu Jianbo , Huang Yin , Hosam Osama
Published: April 2019

For the copyright protection in intellectual property reuse technology, we must ensure that when an intellectual property watermark verifier leaks the secret key of an intellectual property watermark system, a malicious attacker could not guess the key to facilitate successful attacks on the watermarks. Therefore, this work proposes a robust intellectual property watermarking algorithm based on elliptic-curve cryptography. The physical layout of intellectual property design is abstracted into a graph with tree structure by using the topology theory. A secure model based on the asymmetric encryption model is proposed to encrypt the watermark positions. The generated graph and a random searching algorithm are used for the distribution of the watermark positions. Finally, the watermarks are inserted by reordering the redundant attributes in the graph. The experiments show that the proposed algorithm will insert more watermark constraints under the same condition. Thus, the probability of coincidence is lower, achieving good reliability. In addition, when the watermarks are impaired due to attacks, the algorithm can restore the original watermarks from the topology graph. In comparison to other algorithms, the proposed algorithm has good performance in watermark capacity and overhead, as well as provides resilience to the typical attacks.
The early warning efficiency analysis of secondary accidents in expressway tunnels
Authors: Zhang Bing , Xu Weishuo , Liu Guangtao , Muhammad Ammar
Published: April 2019

Secondary accidents usually occur after an accident in a freeway tunnel. To this end, this article proposes an integrated safety early warning system for preventing secondary accidents in tunnels. First, we analyzed key parameters such as the average speed in the tunnel, the interior light sensitivity, and the driver’s physiology, and proposed a safety warning model for tunnels. According to the driving rules of tunnels, an efficiency grooming model is proposed to analyze the delay of the traffic in tunnels and determine the best warning. Finally, the Jiulingshan Tunnel was simulated and verified by VISSIM software to analyze the feasibility and effectiveness of the model.
A case of endogenous endophthalmitis with subretinal abscess secondary to splenic abscess
Authors: Manoharan Varshini , Sanghvi Chintan
Published: April 2019

Early diagnosis and treatment of endophthalmitis will optimise visual prognosis. Blood culture sensitivities should tailor antibiotic choice.
Multilayer of Suppliers Fixed Costs and Spatial Competition in the Upstream Market as a Source of Retailers Buying Power
Authors: Das Dipankar
Published: April 2019

The present study is in the context of the new Model Agricultural Produce Market Committee (APMC) Act 2003, which aims at freedom of farmers to sell their products to the large private firms and bringing reforms in the wholesale ‘cash and carry’ and retail markets in India. The most important suggestions have remarked in the Economic survey 2014–2015 and outlined that state governments should be specially persuaded by the central government to provide policy support for alternative or special markets in the large private sector. Many states, including West Bengal, accepted the proposal and had opened the market for agricultural commodities for the large private sector. In this paper, we study a model of vertical restraints in the case of small farmers in West Bengal, India considering multilayer of fixed costs and monopoly power of the small as well as large traders in the vertical structure.

JEL: D8, D43, L13
Key metabolic parameters change significantly in early breast cancer survivors: an explorative PILOT study
Authors: Fredslund Stine Overvad , Gravholt Claus Højbjerg , Laursen Britt Elmedal , Jensen Anders Bonde
Published: April 2019

Background

With increasing number of breast cancer survivors, more attention is drawn to long-term consequences of curative cancer treatment. Adjuvant treatment of breast cancer patients is associated with several unfavorable medical conditions, including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and obesity, potentially leading to cardiovascular disease and/or the metabolic syndrome. The aim of this explorative study is to investigate metabolic side effects of adjuvant treatment in breast cancer patients.

Methods

A cohort of 13 premenopausal and 20 postmenopausal women with early stage breast cancer were extensively examined prior to, immediately after and 1 year after ended adjuvant chemotherapy and compared with healthy controls (N = 36) matched by age and menopausal status. Repeated examinations included: anthropometric measures, DEXA scans, 24-h blood pressure measurements, and blood samples [high sensitivity CRP, lipid profile and glucose metabolism, including homeostatic model assessment (HOMA)].

Results

At baseline, breast cancer patients were similar to healthy controls regarding all measures. From baseline to 1-year post-treatment specific components of the metabolic syndrome increased significantly in premenopausal breast cancer patients; body fat (P = 0.01), triglycerides (P = 0.03), waist circumference (P = 0.008) and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.04). In postmenopausal patients, waist circumference also increased significantly (P = 0.03), and High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol decreased significantly (P = 0.05).

Conclusions

Specific components of the metabolic syndrome changed significantly during chemotherapy in early stage breast cancer patients. After 1 year, several key parameters remained pathologically changed. Premenopausal breast cancer patients seemed to be especially prone to develop these unfavorable changes.

Trial registration ClinicalTrial.gov, registration number NCT02652975. Registered 15 December 2015—Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/.
Acute Exercise Increases Plasma Levels of Muscle-Derived Microvesicles Carrying Fatty Acid Transport Proteins
Authors: Nielsen Morten Hjuler , Sabaratnam Rugivan , Pedersen Andreas James Thestrup , Højlund Kurt , Handberg Aase
Published: April 2019

Context

Microvesicles (MVs) are a class of membrane particles shed by any cell in the body in physiological and pathological conditions. They are considered to be key players in intercellular communication, and with a molecular content reflecting the composition of the cell of origin, they have recently emerged as a promising source of biomarkers in a number of diseases.

Objective

The effects of acute exercise on the plasma concentration of skeletal muscle-derived MVs (SkMVs) carrying metabolically important membrane proteins were examined.

Participants

Thirteen men with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 14 healthy male controls with obesity exercised on a cycle ergometer for 60 minutes.

Interventions

Muscle biopsies and blood samples—obtained before exercise, immediately after exercise, and 3 hours into recovery—were collected for the analysis of long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) transport proteins CD36 (a scavenger receptor class B protein) and fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4) mRNA content in muscle and for flow cytometric studies on circulating SkMVs carrying either LCFA transport protein.

Results

Besides establishing a flow cytometric approach for the detection of circulating SkMVs and subpopulations carrying either CD36 or FATP4 and thereby adding proof to their existence, we demonstrated an overall exercise-induced change of SkMVs carrying these LCFA transport proteins. A positive correlation between exercise-induced changes in skeletal muscle CD36 mRNA expression and concentrations of SkMVs carrying CD36 was found in T2DM only.

Conclusions

This approach could add important real-time information about the abundance of LCFA transport proteins present on activated muscle cells in subjects with impaired glucose metabolism.
Ice Thieves
Authors: Shewry Teresa
Published: April 2019

Navigating humor’s potentials for violence and for creative and critical connections with oceanic catastrophes, from extinctions to sea-level rise, this essay argues that humor is a diverse and perhaps important dimension of contemporary cultural production about the changing oceans. Jane Rawson’s A Wrong Turn at the Office of Unmade Lists uses humor to emphasize fictional people’s challenging and idiosyncratic daily struggles to survive in a future marked by sea-level rise and other climate-related processes. The novel’s absurd tragicomic tensions situate climate change as violence that is, at some level, unrepresentable. Its humor stresses not only the immense difficulties faced by characters who navigate in this future but also the deep socioeconomic inequality with which such difficulties are bound up, opening the narrative toward efforts to achieve climate justice.
The Bolivian Toba (Guaicuruan) Expansion in Northern Gran Chaco, 1550–1850
Authors: Mendoza Marcela
Published: April 2019

The Bolivian Tobas in northern Gran Chaco were mobile hunter-gatherers organized in bands. They called themselves qomleʔk, and spoke a distinctive variation of Guaicuruan language. For three hundred years, coalitions of Toba braves successfully rejected Jesuit missionaries, alternatively fought and aligned with neighboring groups, and resisted the advance of colonial settlers. However, little is known about the remote past of these resilient peoples, who became mounted foragers in the early 1600s. A careful review of historical, ethnographic, and linguistic records on Tobas around the Upper Pilcomayo River produced a considerable amount of information, pointing to the long-term continuity of their presence in the region. The materials were less informative on cultural and social changes in their society through time. This study presents new insights on Toba bands trekking territories on the Manso Plains,
Dual control of Kinesin-1 recruitment to microtubules by Ensconsin inDrosophilaneuroblasts and oocytes
Authors: Métivier Mathieu , Monroy Brigette Y. , Gallaud Emmanuel , Caous Renaud , Pascal Aude , Richard-Parpaillon Laurent , Guichet Antoine , Ori-McKenney Kassandra M. , Giet Régis
Published: April 2019

Drosophila Ensconsin/MAP7 controls spindle length, centrosome separation in brain Neuroblasts (NBs) and asymmetric transport in oocytes. The control of spindle length by Ensconsin is Kinesin-1 independent but centrosome separation and oocyte transport requires targeting of Kinesin-1 to microtubules by Ensconsin. However, the molecular mechanism used for this targeting remains unclear. Ensconsin/MAP7 contains a microtubule-binding domain (MBD) and a Kinesin-binding domain (KBD). Rescue experiments show that only full length Ensconsin restores the spindle length phenotype. KBD expression rescues ensc centrosome separation defects in NBs, but not the fast oocyte streaming and the localization of Staufen and Gurken. Interestingly, the KBD can stimulate Kinesin-1 targeting to MTs in vivo and in vitro. We propose that the KBD/Kinesin-1 is a minimal activation module that increases Kinesin-1 affinity for MTs. Addition of the MBD present in full length Ensconsin allows this process to occur directly on the microtubule and triggers higher Kinesin-1 targeting. This dual regulation by Ensconsin is essential for optimal Kinesin-1 in oocytes, but not in NBs, illustrating the importance of adapting Kinesin-1 recruitment to different biological contexts.
Adaptation, fitness landscape learning and fast evolution
Authors: Reinitz John , Vakulenko Sergey , Grigoriev Dmitri , Weber Andreas
Published: April 2019

We consider evolution of a large population, where fitness of each organism is defined by many phenotypical traits. These traits result from expression of many genes. Under some assumptions on  fitness we prove that such model organisms  are capable, to some extent, to recognize the fitness landscape. That fitness landscape learning sharply reduces the number of mutations needed for adaptation. Moreover, this learning increases phenotype robustness with respect to mutations, i.e., canalizes the phenotype.  We show that learning and canalization work only when evolution is gradual. Organisms can be adapted to  many constraints associated with a hard environment, if that environment becomes harder step by step. Our results explain why evolution can involve genetic changes of a relatively large effect and why the total number of changes are surprisingly small.
A bilayer tissue culture model of the bovine alveolus
Authors: Lee Diane , Chambers Mark
Published: April 2019

The epithelial lining of the lung is often the first point of interaction between the host and inhaled pathogens, allergens and medications. Epithelial cells are therefore the main focus of studies which aim to shed light on host-pathogen interactions, to dissect the mechanisms of local host immunity and study toxicology. If these studies are not to be conducted exclusively in vivo, it is imperative that in vitro models are developed with a high in vitro-in vivo correlation. We describe here a co-culture bilayer model of the bovine alveolus, designed to overcome some of the limitations encountered with mono-culture and live animal models. Our system includes bovine pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (BPAECs) seeded onto a permeable membrane in 24 well Transwell format. The BPAECs are overlaid with immortalised bovine alveolar type II epithelial cells and the bilayer cultured at air-liquid interface for 14 days before use; in our case to study host-mycobacterial interactions.

Characterisation of novel cell lines and the bilayer model have provided compelling evidence that immortalised bovine alveolar type II cells are an authentic substitute for primary alveolar type II cells and their culture as a bilayer in conjunction with BPAECs provides a physiologically relevant in vitro model of the bovine alveolus.  

The bilayer model may be used to study dynamic intracellular and extracellular host-pathogen interactions, using proteomics, genomics, live cell imaging, in-cell ELISA and confocal microscopy. The model presented in this article enables other researchers to establish an in vitro model of the bovine alveolus that is easy to set up, malleable and serves as a comparable alternative to in vivo models, whilst allowing study of early host-pathogen interactions, currently not feasible in vivo. The model therefore achieves one of the 3Rs objectives in that it replaces the use of animals in research of bovine respiratory diseases.
Estimating malaria disease burden in the Asia-Pacific
Authors: Maude Richard James , Mercado Chris Erwin Gran , Rowley Jennifer , Ekapirat Nattwut , Dondorp Arjen
Published: April 2019

Background: The Asia-Pacific aims to eliminate malaria by 2030. Many of the 22 endemic countries have earlier targets. To track progress towards elimination and predict timelines and funding required it is essential to have an accurate picture of the true burden of malaria over time. Estimating this is a major challenge with most countries having incomplete data on numbers of cases and wide variation between health system access and performance. Regular estimates are published by the World Health Organization (WHO), but these are not split by species, can have a wide range of uncertainty, change over time and are not available for every year.

Methods: For the Asia Pacific Leaders Malaria Alliance, the burden of malaria for the 22 malaria-endemic countries in the Asia-Pacific from 2000 to 2015 was estimated by combining data submitted by countries to WHO with a systematic review to estimate the proportion of cases recorded. Due to a lack of suitable data, it was only possible to apply this method to 2013-2015. A simplified method was then derived to estimate the annual burden of falciparum and vivax malaria as inputs to a mathematical model to predict the cost of elimination, which is described elsewhere.

Results: The total number of estimated cases was around double the number of confirmed cases reported in the Asia Pacific with a broad range of uncertainty around these estimates due primarily to sparsity of data with which to estimate proportions of cases reported. The ranges of estimated burdens were mostly like those published for countries by WHO, with some exceptions.

Conclusions: The accuracy and precision of malaria burden estimates could be greatly improved by having more regular large surveys on access to healthcare in malaria-endemic areas and making subnational data on malaria incidence and reporting completeness publicly available.
Did you get your ‘beauty sleep’?
Authors: Bissett Julie
Published: April 2019

Julie Bissett adds up the alarming effects of a disrupted night
How to work with people you don't like
Authors: Fowler John
Published: April 2019

Personality clashes are a cause for concern but by building bridges rather than walls you can overcome them, suggests John Fowler
Oral health in the spotlight
Authors: Thomas Megan
Published: April 2019

Megan Thomas from BrushUpUK reveals what's planned for the charity this year
Save the date: Dental Showcase
Authors: Wyre Ed
Published: April 2019

Ed Wyre looks ahead to this year's BDIA Dental Showcase
A leap of faith
Authors: Ireland Bob
Published: April 2019

Professor Bob Ireland offers a step-by-step guide to taking that jump into the world of research
The cleft multidisciplinary team
Authors: Francis Sarah , Collard Mechelle , King Elizabeth
Published: April 2019

A look at the role of the dental nurse
Hey, good looking…
Authors: Bainham Lisa
Published: April 2019

…It's what the practice team has cooking that will satisfy patient expectations, says Lisa Bainham
Stop shigella in its tracks
Authors: Gibson David
Published: April 2019

David Gibson details the dangers of shigella and how these bacteria have become an increasing concern for people in the UK
A chance to model ‘caring masculinities’
Authors: Cooke Tim
Published: April 2019

In the first of a new series, teacher Tim Cooke shares his experiences and explores the need for a skilled, diverse workforce which understands how gender rules can restrict children.
Getting to know you
Authors: Brown Paula
Published: April 2019

In the first of a three-part series examining the relationship between children's social skills and wellbeing, Paula Brown outlines the pedagogical knowledge and strategies required to effectively support friendships.
Framing transitions in a positive light
Authors: Thomas Beth
Published: April 2019

It is only by grasping the context of children's transitions that we can begin to understand how they might experience changes in their life. To support the child, practitioners must prioritise on communication while also being responsive to what they may be unable to express.
‘We know what is at stake’
Authors: Leitch Neil
Published: April 2019

Despite the PVI sector delivering 80 per cent of the nation's childcare, it was the maintained nursery sector that recently received a £24m funding boost. Is putting up parent fees now the last resort?
‘Let's get gardening’
Authors: Davies Sarah
Published: April 2019

National Gardening Week is an excellent opportunity to showcase to the local community what you do in your setting to grow and use produce, and to encourage a healthy and productive outdoor experience.
Going on a shopping spree
Authors: Harries Judith
Published: April 2019

In the third article in her series on role-play, Judith Harries focuses on the activity of shopping, giving children creative scope to open up their very own shop and extend their understanding of the world.
¿Cómo perciben los estudiantes universitarios el trabajo en grupo?
Authors: García Hernández María Luisa , Porto Currás Mónica
Published: April 2019

La Universidad como institución ha sufrido cambios significativos vinculados con la incorporación del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES), entre los que destaca el fomento del trabajo en grupo entre los estudiantes.Así pues, este artículo se centra en conocer cómo funcionan los grupos de trabajo en la Universidad, con qué periodicidad se reúnen para realizar las tareas, dónde su congregan, qué ocurre mientras estén elaborando los trabajos y qué valoración hacen los estudiantes de esta metodología de trabajo en grupo. Para recoger la información, nos centramos en una titulación de la Universidad de Murcia, empleando un cuestionario cerrado (adhoc) y analizamos los datos obtenidos con el paquete estadístico SPSS. Entre los resultados más destacados resaltan la coherencia existente en la periodicidad de las reuniones con periodos lectivos, las ubicaciones para realizar las reuniones de trabajos son habitualmente lugares próximos a la Universidad y los estudiantes reconocen que el trabajo en equipo supone un aprendizaje relevante, aunque en menor medida influye en sus calificaciones.
Propuesta de enseñanza del modelo de membrana celular basada en un modelo analógico y teatralización
Authors: Farina Julieta , Mora Nancy Judith
Published: April 2019

En este artículo se presentan avances de investigación en el campo de la enseñanza de la Biología, que incluyen el diseño, implementación y análisis de resultados de una secuencia didáctica con situaciones de aprendizaje a nivel macro y microscópico en la enseñanza del modelo de membrana plasmática. En la estrategia metodológica se incorporan la modelización mediante teatralización para el abordaje de contenidos relacionados con el modelo de mosaico fluido, los componentes de la membrana, sus propiedades químicas e implicancias en el transporte. La propuesta se ha llevado a cabo durante el curso de la asignatura Seminario de Biología General, del primer año de la carrera de Psicología de la Universidad Nacional del Comahue. La percepción, motivación y valoración del estudiantado frente a la secuencia didáctica se analiza mediante un cuestionario semi-estructurado contestado por 60 participantes. Los resultados sugieren que los estudiantes expresan emociones positivas y alientan a los docentes a desarrollar actividades analógicas que acompañen las clases expositivas con mayor frecuencia.
Microwave Mediated Michaelis-Arbuzov Reaction to Synthesize Bioactive Phenylphosphonate Derivatives Under Solvent Free Condition
Authors: Sujatha B. , Subramanyam Ch. , Rao K. Prasada
Published: April 2019

Microwave assisted easy, efficient, and environment friendly process has been devised for the synthesis of phosphonates within minutes via microwave-assisted Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction. The desired products were obtained in excellent yields and in high purity under solvent-free and catalyst-free conditions. The structure of all the synthesized compounds was confirmed by spectral and CHN analysis. in vitro Antibacterial and antifungal activity of these compounds was also analyzed. Majority of the title compounds showed good inhibition towards bacteria and fungi.