bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
J. M. Coetzee’s ‘Dog-Man’ and the Cynicism of Disgrace
Authors: Wiegandt Kai
Published: March 2019

The article argues that Coetzee’s novel Disgrace positions the animal not only as opposed to protagonist David Lurie but also in him. The novel dramatizes this by focusing on Eros: Lurie gradually replaces his idea of desire derived from the Romantics (Wordsworth, Coleridge) with an idea of instinct that suggests Eros to be common to humans and animals. I argue that Lurie ultimately arrives at a stance similar to that of Diogenes of Sinope, the contemporary of Plato and main representative of the Cynics. Seen against this background, Lurie’s metamorphosis into a ‘dog-man’ becomes readable as recognition of his own animality, a recognition that has decisive consequences for an ethical reading of the novel.
Evaluierung von Rankingverfahren für bibliothekarische Informationssysteme
Authors: Behnert Christiane , Plassmeier Kim , Borst Timo , Lewandowski Dirk
Published: March 2019

Dieser Beitrag beschreibt eine Studie zur Entwicklung und Evaluierung von Rankingverfahren für bibliothekarische Informationssysteme. Dazu wurden mögliche Faktoren für das Relevanzranking ausgehend von den Verfahren in Websuchmaschinen identifiziert, auf den Bibliothekskontext übertragen und systematisch evaluiert. Mithilfe eines Testsystems, das auf dem ZBW-Informationsportal EconBiz und einer web-basierten Software zur Evaluierung von Suchsystemen aufsetzt, wurden verschiedene Relevanzfaktoren (z. B. Popularität in Verbindung mit Aktualität) getestet. Obwohl die getesteten Rankingverfahren auf einer theoretischen Ebene divers sind, konnten keine einheitlichen Verbesserungen gegenüber den Baseline-Rankings gemessen werden. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass eine Adaptierung des Rankings auf individuelle Nutzer bzw. Nutzungskontexte notwendig sein könnte, um eine höhere Performance zu erzielen.
Model assisted biosignal analysis of atrial electrograms
Authors: Dössel Olaf , Lenis Gustavo , Loewe Axel , Rottmann Markus , Seemann Gunnar , Oesterlein Tobias
Published: March 2019

Cardiologists measure electric signals inside the human heart aiming
at a better diagnosis and optimized therapy of atrial arrhythmias like
atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation. The catheters that are used
for this purpose are improving: now they are able to pick up the
electric signals at up to 64 positions inside the heart
simultaneously. The patterns of electric depolarization are sometimes
very simple, comparable to plane waves. But in case of patients with
severe atrial arrhythmias they can be quite complex: U-turns around
a line of block, ectopic centres, break throughs, reentry circuits,
rotors, fractionated signals and chaotic patterns are often
observed. Methods of biosignal analysis can support the cardiologists
in classifying the signals and extract information of high diagnostic
relevance. Computer models of the electrophysiology of the human heart
can serve to design better algorithms for data analysis and to test
algorithms, because the “ground truth” is known.
Evaluation of Training Load During Suspension Exercise
Authors: Giancotti Giuseppe Francesco , Fusco Andrea , Varalda Carlo , Capelli Giovanni , Cortis Cristina
Published: March 2019

Giancotti, GF, Fusco, A, Varalda, C, Capelli, G, and Cortis, C. Evaluation of training load during suspension exercise. J Strength Cond Res 35(8): 2151–2157, 2021—The aims of this study were to evaluate body inclination and ground reaction force and to predict equations to estimate the training load distribution during suspension training (ST) static back-row at different lengths of the straps. Thirty volunteers (men = 16 and women = 14; age = 23.3 ± 1.7 years; body mass = 63.9 ± 13.3 kg; height = 167.9 ± 9.2 cm; body mass index [BMI] = 22.5 ± 3.4 kg·m−2) performed 14 static back-rows at 7 different lengths of the straps in 2 different elbow positions (flexed and extended). When the length of the straps increased, ground reaction force and body inclination decreased. Moreover, in the flexed elbow position, higher ground reaction force values were recorded with respect to the extended one. Two multilevel regression models (p < 0.05) were created. In the first one, ground reaction force was used as a dependent variable, whereas body inclination angle, body mass, height, BMI, and elbow position were used as independent variables. Significant (p < 0.05) effects were found for all variables included in the model, with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.31. In the second model, the body inclination angle was replaced by the length of the ST device. Significant (p < 0.05) effects were found also in the second model for all variables included, with an ICC of 0.37. The proposed models could provide different methods to quantify the training load distribution, even if the use of the straps' length could result easier and faster than body inclination angle, helping practitioners and instructors to personalize the workout to reach specific purposes and provide load progression.
Power-Related Determinants of Modified Agility T-test Performance in Male Adolescent Basketball Players
Authors: Scanlan Aaron T. , Wen Neal , Pyne David B. , Stojanović Emilija , Milanović Zoran , Conte Daniele , Vaquera Alejandro , Dalbo Vincent J.
Published: March 2019

Scanlan, AT, Wen, N, Pyne, DB, Stojanović, E, Milanović, Z, Conte, D, Vaquera, A, and Dalbo, VJ. Power-related determinants of Modified Agility T-test performance in male adolescent basketball players. J Strength Cond Res 35(8): 2248–2254, 2021—Although the Modified Agility T-test (MAT) has been advocated for assessing change-of-direction performance in basketball, the power-related attributes emphasized during the test are unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the power-related determinants of the MAT in basketball players. A cross-sectional, descriptive research design was used whereby national- and state-level male adolescent basketball players (n = 24; 17.3 ± 0.5 years) completed a battery of power-related performance tests. The tests administered included the MAT, isometric midthigh pull, 10-m sprint, countermovement jump, 1-step vertical jump, standing long jump, and repeated lateral bound. Associations between performance during the MAT and other tests were quantified, and performance in each test was compared between faster (>50th percentile) and slower (<50th percentile) players in the MAT. The MAT exhibited large correlations (p < 0.05) with standing long jump distance (r = −0.67, R
2 = 45%), countermovement jump relative peak force (r = −0.63, R
2 = 39%), isometric midthigh pull relative peak force (r = −0.55, R
2 = 30%), and 10-m sprint time (r = 0.53, R
2 = 28%). The faster group performed better (p < 0.05) during the standing long jump (mean difference; ±90% confidence limits: 0.16; ±0.12 m) and produced greater (p < 0.05) relative peak force during the isometric midthigh pull (2.5; ±2.3 N·kg−1) and countermovement jump (2.1; ±1.8 N·kg−1) than the slower group. The MAT complements other power-related tests used in basketball and stresses basketball-specific, power-related attributes in various movement planes. These data can inform training and testing approaches to optimize change-of-direction performance in basketball.
INDUSTRY 4.0 and TURKEY
Authors: YAŞAR Esra , ULUSOY Tuba
Published: March 2019

In 2011, Germany kicked off the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) to empower its economy. Since then, revolutionary changes have been implemented all over the world, increasing international competition. Smart-factory capabilities emerging from Industry 4.0 have many benefits such as lowering production costs of existing factories and increasing product quality. However, with such revolutionary changes, an orientation period is required for any implementer. To efficiently manage such an orientation period, the extant situation must first be analyzed. Only then should the necessary changes and innovations be applied. In this study, Turkey’s Industry 4.0 adoption opportunities are evaluated by using a survey technique that analyzes extant situations and potential results.
YARALANMALI İŞ KAZALARININ EN FAZLA MEYDANA GELDİĞİ İLK OTUZ SEKTÖRÜN ENTROPİ TABANLI SIRALAMA TEKNİĞİ İLE AYRINTILI İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Tufan , EREN Özge
Published: March 2019

Ülkemizde, son yıllarda ekonomik alandaki gelişme ve iyileşme, çeşitli ekonomik faaliyet kollarının iş hacmini artırmıştır. Artan iş hacmi, birçok alanda olumlu etkiler meydana getirirken iş kazaları ve meslek hastalıklarının önlenmesinde olumsuz etkiler de göstermiştir. Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK) 2016 yılı İş Kazaları İstatistik Tablosu genel olarak incelendiğinde, iş kazası sonrası kazazedenin, sağlık ve güvenlik sorunları bakımından etkilenme derecesinin, kaza günü işe devam edebilmesi ile yaşamını kaybetmesi aralığında dağıldığı görülmektedir. Ülkemizde yaşanan iş kazaları, gündemde değerlendirilirken genellikle en fazla iş kazası yaşanan sektörler, ya da en fazla ölümlü iş kazaları yaşanan sektörler değerlendirilmektedir. Bu şekilde yapılan değerlendirmelerde çalışan sayısı, diğer sektörlere göre daha fazla olan sektörler ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, her sektörden eşit sayıdaki kazazedenin, kaza sonuçlarından etkilenme durumları incelenmiştir. İlk olarak kazazedelerin kazadan etkilenme derecesine göre her bir kriter Entropi yöntemi ile ağırlıklandırılmış, daha sonra ise sektörler MAUT yöntemi ile sıralanarak çıkan sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir.
GAYRİMENKUL YATIRIM ORTAKLIKLARININ FİNANSAL PERFORMANSININ TOPSİS YÖNTEMİYLE ÖLÇÜMÜ
Authors: YILMAZ Nurgün Komşuoğlu
Published: March 2019

Gayrimenkul yatırım ortaklıkları (Real Estate Investment Trusts-REITs) gayrimenkul ile ilgili büyük çapta projelerde yatırım yapacak teşebbüslere finansal sermaye sağlayan bir kuruluştur. Gayrimenkul Yatırım Ortaklıkları veya yaygın olarak kullanılan kısaltmasıyla GYO'lar bir yatırım aracı olarak yatırımcılara düşük risk ve uzun vadede yüksek kazanç vaad etmektedir. GYO’lar kendileri müteahhitlik yapmazlar. Büyük projelerin yapılmasında fon sağlayarak proje bitiminde alım satım ve kiralama aktivitelerinden gelir sağladıkları gibi halka açılarak hisse senedi satarlar ve yatırımcılara kâr payı öderler. Bu çalışmada 2018 yılında Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören GYO’lardan verilerine ulaşılabilen ve verileri devamlılık sağlayan 28 GYO’ya ait büyük bölümü daha önceki çalışmalarda kullanılmamış 24 farklı veri (finansal oranlar ve diğer finansal veriler) TOPSIS yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda her bir GYO ‘ya ait performans skorları tespit edilmiş ve 28 GYO için finansal performans sıralaması oluşturulmuştur.
Maternal vitamin D deficiency and developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD)
Authors: Ideraabdullah Folami Y , Belenchia Anthony M , Rosenfeld Cheryl S , Kullman Seth W , Knuth Megan , Mahapatra Debabrata , Bereman Michael , Levin Edward D , Peterson Catherine A
Published: March 2019

Vitamin D is an essential nutrient that is metabolized in the body to generate an active metabolite (1,25(OH)2D) with hormone-like activity and highly diverse roles in cellular function. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a prevalent but easily preventable nutritional disturbance. Emerging evidence demonstrates the importance of sufficient vitamin D concentrations during fetal life with deficiencies leading to long-term effects into adulthood. Here, we provide a detailed review and perspective of evidence for the role of maternal VDD in offspring long-term health, particularly as it relates to developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). We focus on the roles in neurobehavioral and cardiometabolic disorders in humans and highlight recent findings from zebrafish and rodent models that probe potential mechanisms linking early life VDD to later life health outcomes. Moreover, we explore evidence implicating epigenetic mechanisms as a mediator of this link. Gaps in our current understanding of how maternal VDD might result in deleterious offspring outcomes later in life are also addressed.
WOMEN IN REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCE: Errors and insight: intentional and accidental studies of human chromosome abnormalities
Authors: Hunt Patricia A
Published: March 2019

Perhaps every career makes sense in retrospect. I have spent mine facing a series of accidental environmental exposures that derailed our studies but provided new insight. Although at times I have felt more catalyst than scientist, the journey has been extraordinary, and the problem I have spent my career studying – human aneuploidy – has taken on new significance with growing evidence of the sensitivity of the germline to the environment.
'Tis but thy name that is my enemy: On the construction of macro panel datasets in conflict and peace economics
Authors: Boese Vanessa , Kamin Katrin
Published: March 2019

The empirical analysis of datasets covering a large number of countries and time periods has become an integral part of conflict and peace economics. As such, numerous studies examine relationships between and among macroeconomic, political, and conflict variables and this often involves the merging of disparate datasets to combine relevant variables for which the country unit of analysis, however, is not necessarily the same. This article highlights difficulties in the data merging process and, by way of example, presents detailed country coding unit comparison for two economic (UN Comtrade and World Development Indicators), two democracy (Polity IV and V-Dem), and two conflict datasets (UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset and COW Militarized Interstate Disputes Dataset). We find that merging datasets can result in the elimination of very large numbers of observations due to unmergeable records and that dropped observations often include the very countries or territorial entities most of interest in conflict and peace economics.
Hydrothermal structure of a polythermal glacier in Spitsbergen by measurements and numerical modeling
Authors: Sosnovsky A. V. , Macheret Yu. Ya. , Glazovsky A. F. , Lavrentiev I. I.
Published: March 2019

Thickness of the upper cold ice layer in the ablation area of the polythermal glacier Grønfjordbreen (Spitsbergen) was estimated by means of numerical modeling. The results were compared with data of radio-echo sounding of the same glacier obtained in 1979 and 2012. Numerical experiments with changing water content in the lower layer of temperate ice and surface snow cover thickness made possible to compare calculated and modeled cold ice thicknesses and to estimate their changes for 33‑year period caused by regional climate change. According to data of radio-echo sounding, thickness of the cold ice layer decreased, on average, by 34 m. Numerical modeling shown similar results: the cold ice layer became thinner by 31 m and 39 m at altitudes 100–300 a.s.l. under the snow cover thickness of 1 m and 2 m. We explain this by rising of annual mean air temperature by 0,6 °С as compared to data of the nearest meteorological station Barentsburg in the same period. We believe that changes in cold ice layer thickness in polythermal glaciers can be used for estimation of changes in such regional climatic parameter as mean air temperature at different altitudes of the glacier surface in the ablation area.
Isotope-geochemical investigation of glacio-nival systems of the Tabyn-Bogdo-Ola mountain massif (Western Mongolia)
Authors: Bantsev D. V. , Ganyushkin D. A. , Ekaykin A. A. , Chistyakov K. V.
Published: March 2019

Results of investigation of glacio-nival systems made in the Tabyn-Bogdo-Ola mountains (Western Mongolia) are presented in the paper. Average content of δ18О in the Tsagan-Us river water amounts to 17.44‰ that is almost equal to the isotope content in the clear glacier runoff near the edge of the Kozlov Glacier (−17.43‰). It means that the isotope content in water doesn’t significantly change over a distance of 30 km along the Tsagan-Us river. Hence, it appears that for this distance the river has no additional non-glacial feed. The magnitude 17.4±0.1‰ can be considered as the average content of isotopes in the glacio-nival system in the Tabyn-Bogdo-Ola mountain massif. This value can also be the precipitation-weighted average isotope content in the solid precipitations which are accumulated in glaciers of this massif. Seasonal isotope fluctuations are partly preserved in the snow-firn mass in the accumulation area of the Kozlov Glacier. A rate of annual accumulation was estimated by multiplying the apparent thickness (160 cm) of an annual layer into the snow density. According to our observations, it is equal to 800 mm w.e./year during 2013–2014. Accumulation is increased due to the wind and avalanche transportation of snow. During the ablation season, summer and spring snowfalls over the Kozlov Glacier area melt. Thus, it is possible to suppose that the autumn snowfalls play the important role in the accumulation. We may also suppose that the main source of the moisture for the Tabyn-Bogdo-Ola massif is located somewhere in the Inner Asia.
Dynamics of snow cover characteristics exerting influence on stability of the Svalbard permafrost
Authors: Osokin N. I. , Sosnovsky A. V.
Published: March 2019

Climate variations result in changes of the snow cover characteristics which have a certain influence upon thermal state and stability of permafrost. Analysis of data of meteorological station Barentsburg (Svalbard) and our own observations has revealed small change in the snow cover thickness for the period 1984–2015. At the same time, duration of the snow cover presence has shortened by 8%. In recent years, more than 60% of the snow cover thickness was formed during the early third of the cold season which adversely affects a rate of the ground freezing. Durations of thaws increased from 12 to 22 days, and the rainfall amount decreased during the cold period from 60 to 120 mm. The largest increase in the thaw duration (by a factor of 7) and decrease of the rainfall amount (by a factor of 8) fall on January and February. Summing up of the thaw duration and the rainfall amount for the 5‑year periods demonstrated significant growth of both. It should be noted also that, according to data of the Barentsburg station and our ones, in a few last years, these parameters reached anomalously high values. Appearance of anomalous values of the snow cover thickness as well as of the dates of its onset became more frequent. For the last decade, recurrence of anomalous values of the snow cover thickness increased: one event for 2.4 years before 2000, and one occurrence of anomalous thickness for 1.4 years since 2001. The later onset of snow cover resulted in shortening of duration of its presence. Occurrence of anomalous duration of the snow cover presence was observed once for 4.3 years before 2001, and once for 3.3 years after 2000.
Devdoraki Glacier, Kazbek: history of studies of natural hazards in XIX and the beginning of XXI centuries
Authors: Asoyan D. S. , Rototaeva O. V.
Published: March 2019

The Devdorak Glacier located on the Eastern slope of Mt. Kazbek is known since the end of the 19th century for its catastrophic ice discharges into the river Terek canyon. The so-called «Kazbek blockages» stopped the river flow, thus leading to formation of a dammed lake. The lake was then broken through by the heavy floods. Evidences of such events are available for 1776, 1785, 1808, 1817, and 1832. Later on, the glacier surges did sometimes occur, but they never reached the river. The blockages interrupted the traffic on the Georgian Military Highway – the basic way across the main ridge of the Caucasus, for long time periods. Investigations of the Devdorak and other Mt. Kazbek glaciers were organized in 1862 and lasted until the end of 19th century. But the scientists could not reach a common consensus in resolving the main issues, i.e. the causes of the «blockages» and possibilities of their soon repetitions. Different hypotheses explaining the ice discharges by either morphology of the glacier and the river valley or by earthquakes were proposed. Some authors insisted on a probability of occurrence of new «blockages». But the mostly widespread opinion was that since all the Kazbek glaciers were in the state of degradation any risk of new «blockages» was absent while this tendency remained. Since the previous disasters, the Devdorak Glacier posed no threat for about two centuries. However in May 2014, a huge downfall of rock and ice suddenly came down on the glacier in its upper zone. As a result a large mass of rock, stones, and mud blocked the Terek river bed again. This event was not related to regime of the glacier itself. Most likely it was a new manifestation of the Mt. Kazbek volcanic activity.
Differences in Parent-Toddler Interactions With Electronic Versus Print Books
Authors: Munzer Tiffany G. , Miller Alison L. , Weeks Heidi M. , Kaciroti Niko , Radesky Jenny
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVES:

Previous research has documented less dialogic interaction between parents and preschoolers during electronic-book reading versus print. Parent-toddler interactions around commercially available tablet-based books have not been described. We examined parent-toddler verbal and nonverbal interactions when reading electronic versus print books.

METHODS:

We conducted a videotaped, laboratory-based, counterbalanced study of 37 parent-toddler dyads reading on 3 book formats (enhanced electronic [sound effects and/or animation], basic electronic, and print). We coded verbalizations in 10-second intervals for parents (dialogic, nondialogic, text reading, format related, negative format-related directives, and off task) and children (book related, negative, and off task). Shared positive affect and collaborative book reading were coded on a scale of 1 to 5 (5 = high). Proc Genmod and Proc Mixed analyzed within-subjects variance by book format.

RESULTS:

Parents showed significantly more dialogic (print 11.9; enhanced 6.2 [P < .001]; basic 8.3 [P < .001]), text-reading (print 14.3; enhanced 10.6 [P = .003]; basic 14.4 [P < .001]), off-task (print 2.3; enhanced 1.3 [P = .007]), and total (29.5; enhanced 28.1 [P = .003]; basic 29.3 [P = .005]) verbalizations with print books and fewer format-related verbalizations (print 1.9; enhanced 10.0 [P < .001]; basic 8.3 [P < .001]). Toddlers showed more book-related verbalizations (print 15.0; enhanced 11.5 [P < .001]; basic 12.5 [P = .005]), total verbalizations (print 18.8; enhanced 13.8 [P < .001]; basic 15.3 [P < .001]), and higher collaboration scores (print 3.1; enhanced 2.7 [P = .004]; basic 2.8 [P = .02]) with print-book reading.

CONCLUSIONS:

Parents and toddlers verbalized less with electronic books, and collaboration was lower. Future studies should examine specific aspects of tablet-book design that support parent-child interaction. Pediatricians may wish to continue promoting shared reading of print books, particularly for toddlers and younger children.
Homogeneous Imputation under Two Phase Probability Proportional to Size Sampling
Authors: SOHAİL Muhammad Umair , SHABBİR Javid , KADİLAR Cem
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we consider the problem of missing complete at random (MCAR) values in two-phase probability proportional to size ( pps) sampling for the estimation of population mean. For comprehensive examination of missing values, we discuss four possible situations for the occurrence of non-response. A class of estimators is considered by using an unknown constant with the traditional estimators for imputing the missing values. Theoretically, bias and mean squared errors of the proposed estimators are obtained up to the first order approximation. Two numerical studies are carried out for the relative comparison of the proposed estimators with mean estimator under two-phase ppssampling for each of the predefined situation.
Euler sums and non-integerness of harmonic type sums
Authors: GÖRAL Haydar , SERTBAŞ Doğa Can
Published: March 2019

We show that Euler sums of generalized hyperharmonic numbers can be evaluated in terms of Euler sums of generalized harmonic numbers and special values of the Riemann zeta function. Then we focus on the non-integerness of generalized hyperharmonic numbers. We prove that almost all generalized hyperharmonic numbers are not integers and our error term is sharp and the best possible. Finally, we analyze generalized hyperharmonic numbers in terms of topology and relate this to non-integerness.
Prognostic Value and Association of Sarcopenia and Systemic Inflammation for Patients with Gastric Cancer Following Radical Gastrectomy
Authors: Lin Jian-Xian , Lin Jun-Peng , Xie Jian-Wei , Wang Jia-bin , Lu Jun , Chen Qi-Yue , Cao Long-long , Lin Mi , Tu Ruhong , Zheng Chao-Hui , Huang Chang-Ming , Li Ping
Published: March 2019

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of preoperative sarcopenia and systemic inflammation for patients with resectable gastric cancer (GC) and develop a novel and powerful prognostic score based on these factors.

Materials and Methods

Patients with GC who underwent radical gastrectomy between December 2009 and December 2013 were included. A multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to identify the prognostic factors. A novel prognostic score (SLMR) was developed based on preoperative sarcopenia and the lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR), and its prognostic value was evaluated.

Results

In total, 1,167 patients with resectable GC were included in the study. On multivariate analysis, preoperative sarcopenia and the LMR were shown to be independent prognostic factors (both p < .001). A low LMR was an independent predictor from sarcopenia (p < .001). Based on preoperative sarcopenia and the LMR, we established the SLMR. An elevated SLMR was associated with older age, higher ASA scores, larger tumor size, advanced stages, and vascular invasion (all p < .05). Multivariate analysis revealed that the SLMR was a significant independent predictor (p < .001). We incorporated the SLMR into a prognostic model that included tumor size and TNM stage and generated a nomogram, which accurately predicted 3- and 5-year survival for GC patients.

Conclusion

Preoperative systemic inflammation is significantly associated with sarcopenia. The LMR combined with sarcopenia could enhance prognostication for patients with GC who underwent radical gastrectomy.

Implications for Practice

Increasing evidence shows that sarcopenia and systemic inflammation are closely associated with the prognosis of malignant tumors, and it is essential for clinicians to understand the relationship and combined prognostic effects of these factors for gastric cancer (GC). Based on a large data set, this study found that preoperative systemic inflammation was significantly associated with sarcopenia in GC, and combining these two predictors could effectively predict the prognosis and complement the prognostic value of the TNM staging system. These findings may lead to the development of new therapeutic avenues to improve cancer outcomes.
Whole class interaction in the adult L2-classroom
Authors: Wedin Åsa , Shaswar Annika
Published: March 2019

This article focuses on verbal interaction in whole class teaching in second language education for adults in Sweden. The article draws on theories treating language as multiple resources that are situated and embedded in material life, and including complex and diverse linguistic, semiotic, physical material and social resources. The material for the article was created in a project based in linguistic ethnography in the form of an action research project, including two municipal Swedish for Immigrants (SFI) schools. The interaction patterns that occurred challenged students’ language proficiency in ways that stimulated meaning negotiation through what we call extended interactions. This stresses the social aspect of interaction, which in these cases included the whole, or nearly the whole, class, students and the teacher. However, in whole class teaching, the space for each interlocutor is limited, and as our experience from other classrooms suggests that group tasks are not frequent in SFI classrooms, there seem to be reasons for the development of teaching practices that include more frequent use of interaction in small groups that offer students more space for interaction. We also see a need for developing more culture-sensitive pedagogies and making more space for the multilingual negotiation of meaning.
Misspecification of the random effect structure: Implications for the linear mixed model
Authors: LeBeau Brandon
Published: March 2019

The linear mixed model is a commonly used model for longitudinal or nested data due to its ability to account for the dependency of nested data. Researchers typically rely on the random effects to adequately account for the dependency due to correlated data, however serial correlation can also be used. If the random effect structure is misspecified (perhaps due to convergence problems), can the addition of serial correlation overcome this misspecification and allow for unbiased estimation and accurate inferences? This study explored this question with a simulation. Simulation results show that the fixed effects are unbiased, however inflation of the empirical type I error rate occurs when a random effect is missing from the model. Implications for applied researchers are discussed.
Ontogenetic Diet Shift of Invasive Gibel Carp (Carassius gibelio, Bloch 1782) in Karamenderes River (Turkey)
Authors: PARTAL Nurbanu , YALÇIN ÖZDİLEK Şükran
Published: March 2019

The ontogenetic diet shift of
invasive Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) was investigated in
Karamenderes River, Turkey. The fieldwork was performed during summer 2012,
autumn 2012 and spring 2013. The fishes were caught by electrofishing and using
gill nets. Nine fork length groups were used in order to assess the ontogenetic
diet shift. The gut contents were assessed by the index of relative importance
that was calculated from the frequency of occurrence, numerical abundance, and
volumetric analyses. The most abundant length groups of C. gibelio were
18-20 cm, 6-8 cm, and 27-29 cm length groups during summer 2012, autumn 2012
and spring 2013, respectively. The feeding intensity was the lowest in the
length groups of 15-17 cm during summer 2012, in 3-5 cm length group in autumn
2012 and in 24-26 cm length group in spring. Seasonal variations were observed
in the ontogenetic diet shift of C. gibelio. Large specimens consumed
more animal materials during summer and more algae in autumn. There was not any
significant niche overlap recorded between small and large specimens except
summer. Any niche overlap between small and large specimens might be
advantageous for the establishment success of invasive Gibel carp in
Karamenderes River.
Fen Bilimleri Öğretmen Adaylarının Fen-Teknoloji-Mühendislik-Matematik (FeTeMM)’e Yönelik Özyeterlik Ölçeği: Türkçe’ye Uyarlama, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Gelen Burcu , Akçay Behiye , Tiryaki Aydın , Benek İbrahim
Published: March 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Friday Institute for Educational Innovation (2012a) tarafından geliştirilen Fen Bilimleri Öğretmenlerinin FeTeMM’e Yönelik Özyeterlik ve Tutumları Ölçeği’nin Fen Bilimleri öğretmen adaylarının özyeterlik düzeyini belirlemeye uygun olacak şekilde Türkçe’ye uyarlanmasıdır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu; çeşitli üniversitelerde Matematik ve Fen Bilimleri Eğitimi Bölümü, Fen Bilgisi Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı 3. ve 4. sınıf düzeyinde öğrenim gören 392 Fen Bilimleri öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğini incelemek için ölçeğin tümüne açımlayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Bu analizin ardından; orijinal ölçeğin ilk iki boyutu olan Fen Bilimleri öğretiminde özyeterlik inancı ve Fen Bilimleri öğretimi sonucu beklentileri boyutlarının Fen Bilimleri öğretmen adaylarının özyeterlik düzeyini belirlediği tespit edilmiştir. Bu nedenle orijinal ölçeğin ilk iki boyutuna doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış, güvenirliğini incelemek için iç tutarlılık katsayısı hesaplanmış ve test-tekrar test yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Güvenirlik analizi sonucunda ölçeğin iç tutarlılık katsayısı .808 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan analizlerden elde edilen veriler sonucunda, 2 boyuttan ve 12 maddeden oluşan ölçeğin eğitim alanında kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
Bilişsel Davranış Değiştirme ve Motivasyonel Görüşme
Authors: İLGAR Mehmet Zeki , Coşgun İlgar Semra
Published: March 2019

Bu
çalışmada Bilişsel Davranış Değiştirme’nin özel eğitim, psikolojik danışma ve
psikoterapi alanlarında kullanımını ele almak ve bu alanlarda çalışanlara
yardımcı olmak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma hem teorik ve uygulamalı araştırmalara
yer vererek kanıta dayalı örnekler sunması; hem de ülkemizde az çalışılan bir
konuya açıklık getirmesi ve dikkat çekmesi açısından önemli görünmektedir.
Doküman incelemesi yöntemiyle yapılan bu çalışmada sırasıyla şu konulara yer
verilmiştir: (a) Davranış kavramı , (b) Bilişsel Davranış Değiştirme’nin
tanımı, temel varsayımları, diğer davranış değiştirme yöntemlerinden
farklılıklar, (c) Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi’nin Bilişsel Davranış Değiştirmede
kullanımı, (d) Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi’nin anksiyeteli çocukların
tedavisinde kullandığı teknikler, (e) Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi’nin Özel
Eğitim, Psikolojik Danışma Ve Psikoterapide kullanımına ilişkin araştırma
sonuçları, (f) Bir davranış değiştirme tekniği olarak Motivasyonel Görüşme
yaklaşımı ve Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi entegrasyonunun depresyon tedavisinde
kullanımına ilişkin bir uygulama örneği.
Childhood Obesity Policy Document Analysis v1
Authors: Yanovitzky Notreallyitzhak , S. Weber Matthew
Published: March 2019

Evidence-based decision-making is critical to the formulation of effective policy and practice, but despite efforts to increase the availability of research-based knowledge in the policymaking domain, use of research evidence by policymakers has been infrequent, inconsistent, and at times misinformed. The primary objective of this study is to test the idea that the news media have an important role in connecting policymakers to policy-relevant research evidence. Specifically, this project explores three research questions: 1.What factors influence policymakers’ acquisition, adoption, and use of research evidence in news reports? 2.In what ways, direct and indirect, does the inclusion and representation of policy-relevant research evidence in news reports facilitate the use of research evidence by policymakers? 3.What, if any, is the relative contribution of policy-relevant research evidence in news media to policymakers’ use of research evidence in policymaking processes? To answer these questions, this study will track federal policymakers’ (i.e., legislators in Congress and government bureaucrats) use of research evidence by collecting, coding, and analyzing a comprehensive set of publically available policy documents (e.g., transcripts of congressional bills, committees/sub-committees hearings, testimonials, floor debates, government-issued memos and reports, transcripts of public speeches or comments) on the topic of childhood obesity, focusing on the scope, type, context, and timing of policymakers’ use of research evidence relative to the progression of the legislative process (see Appendix A) for each of four key federal policies from 2000-2014: 1.School nutrition; 2.School physical education and activity standards; 3.Consumption of sugary snacks and drinks; and 4.Advertising and marketing food to children.
Criminal Justice Policy Document Analysis v1
Authors: Gitomer Drew
Published: March 2019

This is an adaptation of Yanovitzky & Weber - because we were interested adapting Yanovitzky and Weber's tool for criminal justice reform.All of the policymaking process stuff was kept in, but we modified the list of policy actors, and policy focus, and Appendix C. We also did our coding in NVIvo so removed Appendix D in the oritinal protocol
Microorganisms and culture conditions v1
Authors: LSR Rocha Lis
Published: March 2019

Many efforts have been made to understand the pathogenesis of bovine mastitis to reduce losses and promote animal welfare. Staphylococcus aureus may cause bovine clinical mastitis, but it is mainly associated with subclinical infection, which is usually persistent and can easily reoccur. Here, we conducted a comparative genomic analysis between four strains of S. aureus causing subclinical infection (Sau170, 302, 1269, 1364), previously sequenced by our group, and two well-characterized strains causing clinical mastitis (N305 and RF122) to find differences that could be linked to mastitis outcome. A total of 146 virulence-associated genes were compared and no appreciable differences were found between the bacteria. However, several nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in genes present in the subclinical strains when compared to RF122, especially in genes encoding host immune evasion and surface proteins. The comparison of orthologous genes using OrthoMCL identified a membrane transporter in the genomes of the bacteria belonging to the subclinical group, but this finding was not confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on a collection of field isolates of S. aureus associated with clinical or subclinical mastits. The secreted and surface proteins predicted by different in silico tools were compared through multidimensional scaling analysis, revealing a high degree of similarity among the six strains. However, differences were seen in the nucleotide sequences of a gene that codes for a hypothetical protein (cl3309) and a lipoprotein (cl3700). These findings were also analyzed by PCR on DNA extracted from field isolates of S. aureus. The lipoprotein, but not the hypothetical protein, was able to separate the clinical isolates from the subclinical ones. These results show that sequence variation among bovine S. aureus, and not only the presence/absence of virulence factors, is an important aspect to consider when comparing isolates causing different mastitis outcomes
Microorganisms and culture conditions - Comparative genomics of Staphylococcus aureus associated with subclinical and clinical bovine mastitis (Rocha et al., 2019) v2
Authors: LSR Rocha Lis
Published: March 2019

Many efforts have been made to understand the pathogenesis of bovine mastitis to reduce losses and promote animal welfare. Staphylococcus aureus may cause bovine clinical mastitis, but it is mainly associated with subclinical infection, which is usually persistent and can easily reoccur. Here, we conducted a comparative genomic analysis between four strains of S. aureus causing subclinical infection (Sau170, 302, 1269, 1364), previously sequenced by our group, and two well-characterized strains causing clinical mastitis (N305 and RF122) to find differences that could be linked to mastitis outcome. A total of 146 virulence-associated genes were compared and no appreciable differences were found between the bacteria. However, several nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in genes present in the subclinical strains when compared to RF122, especially in genes encoding host immune evasion and surface proteins. The comparison of orthologous genes using OrthoMCL identified a membrane transporter in the genomes of the bacteria belonging to the subclinical group, but this finding was not confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on a collection of field isolates of S. aureus associated with clinical or subclinical mastits. The secreted and surface proteins predicted by different in silico tools were compared through multidimensional scaling analysis, revealing a high degree of similarity among the six strains. However, differences were seen in the nucleotide sequences of a gene that codes for a hypothetical protein (cl3309) and a lipoprotein (cl3700). These findings were also analyzed by PCR on DNA extracted from field isolates of S. aureus. The lipoprotein, but not the hypothetical protein, was able to separate the clinical isolates from the subclinical ones. These results show that sequence variation among bovine S. aureus, and not only the presence/absence of virulence factors, is an important aspect to consider when comparing isolates causing different mastitis outcomes
Expected professional and personal characteristics of clinical mentors: Differences between physiotherapy and social gerontology students
Authors: Filej Bojana , Žvanut Boštjan , Kaučič Boris Miha
Published: March 2019

Background: Clinical mentors play an important role in the development of knowledge and the acquisition of competencies of different health professionals. The success of the entire mentoring process also depends on the professional and personal characteristics of the clinical mentor. The purpose of this study was to identify which professional and personal characteristics of clinical mentors are relevant to physiotherapy (PHT) and social gerontology (SG) students.

Methods: The web survey was performed between January 20 and May 15, 2018, using the adapted version of the nursing clinical teacher effectiveness inventory. The final sample consisted of 100 PHT and SG students from one of the Slovenian Universities.

Results: The competencies “explains clearly” (p ˂ 0.001) and “takes responsibility of own actions” (p = 0.023) were statistically significantly more relevant to PHT students than to the SG students. The competencies “explains clearly” (p ˂ 0.001), “demonstrates clinical skill and judgment” (p = 0.033), “takes responsibility of own actions” (p = 0.023), and “is self-critical” (p = 0.023), were statistically significantly more relevant to PHT than to the SG students, while the statements “discusses current development in his/her field” (p = 0.002), “communicates expectations of students” (p = 0.029), “demonstrates empathy” (p = 0.037), “demonstrates enthusiasm” (p = 0.005), and “has a good sense of humor” (p = 0.005) were statistically significantly more relevant to SG students.

Conclusion: The contrast in responses reflects the differences in the nature of both professions: The predominantly instrumental nature of PHT and the predominantly expressive nature of SG.
WHERE WE ARE GOING? (review of Vasily Tkachenko's book "Ukraine. Where we go?")
Authors: Kononenko P.
Published: March 2019

Review of Vasily Tkachenko's book "Ukraine. Where are we going?" (Kiev, Logos Ukraine publishing house, 2017).
О методике оценки текущего состояния и прогноза социальной нестабильности в странах Центральной Азии
Authors: Иванов Евгений , Исаев Леонид
Published: March 2019

Работа посвящена анализу факторов устойчивости политических режимов государств Центральной Азии после событий Арабской весны. Страны этого региона имеют ряд сходных характеристик с государствами арабского мира, ставшими центром революционных движений. К таковым относятся этническая и племенная фрагментация, высокая доля молодежи в составе населения, социальное неравенство, низкое качество государственного управления, географическая близость к зонам нестабильности и др. Поэтому в экспертной среде распространено мнение о высокой вероятности дестабилизации государств Центральной Азии. Однако режимам в этом регионе удалось сохранить стабильность. В ходе исследования с помощью регрессионного анализа были протестированы факторы дестабилизации. За базовую была взята модель, опробованная при анализе протестов в арабском мире. Модель включает в себя пять ключевых факторов: 1) степень фрагментации общества и элит; 2) доля маргинальных групп в населении (безработная молодежь); 3) тип политического устройства; 4) наличие/отсутствие крупномасштабных конфликтов в недавнем прошлом; 5) степень вмешательства международных акторов во внутренние дела стран региона. Показано, что стабильность в регионе обеспечена, прежде всего, низкой концентрацией маргинальной молодежи в крупных городах, поскольку значительная часть молодых людей – трудовые мигранты, работающие в России. Важным фактором стал тип политического устройства. Как и в арабском мире, государства региона с автократической формой правления наравне с имитационными демократиями в наибольшей степени подвержены социально-политической дестабилизации. Ситуация усложняется тем, что в этих государствах не сформировались устойчивые процедуры передачи власти, а неопределенность с выбором преемника расшатывает межклановый баланс. В свою очередь, консолидация элит вокруг авторитарных лидеров, при которой этническая или клановая лояльность уступила место личной преданности главе государства, долгое время играла стабилизирующую роль. При этом усиление фрагментации в обществе или элитах значительно повышает конфликтогенный потенциал. Можно утверждать, что наибольший потенциал для дестабилизации имеют Таджикистан и Узбекистан. Кыргызстан и Туркменистан, напротив, находят способы нейтрализации возникающих предпосылок к усилению напряженности внутри страны. На данный момент ни одно из государств Центральной Азии не достигло уровня потенциальной нестабильности, при котором в арабских странах начинались революции. Тем не менее динамика последних лет указывает на вероятность протестных движений в последующие годы.
Неформальная структура в центре режима противодействия финансированию терроризма: проблемы эффективности
Authors: Мелкумян Кристина
Published: March 2019

В статье рассматриваются концептуально-теоретические подходы к анализу межправительственной Группы разработки финансовых мер борьбы с отмыванием денег (ФАТФ) как конструирующей структуры режима противодействия финансированию терроризма. Показано, что режим противодействия финансированию терроризма, основанный на стандартах ФАТФ, представляет собой успешный эксперимент, обладающий характеристиками, отвечающими главным положениям трех школ международных режимов – реализма, неолиберализма и когнитивизма. Во-первых, важным фактором эффективности ФАТФ выступает концентрация силы в лице членов (38 юрисдикций, аккумулирующих наибольший экономический потенциал мира), которые и продвигают стандарты ФАТФ за ее пределы. Потенциал членов ФАТФ, возможность применить ощутимые санкции к государствам, отказывающимся сотрудничать, совместно с заинтересованностью членов обеспечил Группе роль ключевого института в борьбе с финансированием терроризма. Во-вторых, вне зависимости от распределения силового потенциала между государствами-членами и нечленами ФАТФ предоставляет площадку акторам мировой политики для согласования интересов и выработки общей политики, дает возможность контролировать поведение друг друга, способствуя постепенному усилению межгосударственного сотрудничества. Наконец, ФАТФ играет важную роль в процессе обучения акторов и повышения осознания необходимости продолжающейся борьбы с финансированием терроризма. Большое значение в работе Группы имеют экспертные сообщества, которые не только делегитимизируют финансирование терроризма, но и формируют коллективную идентичность ФАТФ. В статье уделяется внимание принципам успешного институционального дизайна. Исследование построено на признании ключевой роли государств, которая, однако, претерпевает постоянные изменения под влиянием тенденций развития мировой политики. Показано, что принципы деятельности ФАТФ оказывают влияние не только на данную конкретную область, но и на организацию других направлений практической работы в международно-политической сфере.