bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep-sea ctenostome bryozoans: revision of the family Pachyzoidae, with description of a new genus and three new species from Zealandia
Authors: Schwaha Thomas , Gordon Dennis P.
Published: February 2024

Pachyzoidae is a little-known family of deep-sea ctenostome Bryozoa that until now was monospecific for Pachyzoon atlanticum. Originally described from the Atlantic Ocean, the genus was also found off southeastern New Caledonia in deep waters of the geological continent of Zealandia. Pachyzoon atlanticum forms globular to flat round colonies, living on soft, muddy to sandy bottoms with a few rhizoidal cystid appendages extending from the basal, substrate-oriented side. In this study, we investigate additional pachyzoids, collected between 1965 and 2015 from over 40 sites around New Zealand, by means of detailed morphological and histological investigations. In total, several hundred colonies were encountered in the NIWA Invertebrate Collection, comprising two new species of the genus Pachyzoon, P. grischenkoi sp. nov. and P. pulvinaris sp. nov., and the new genus and species Jeanloupia zealandica gen. et sp. nov.. The genus Jeanloupia is characterized by small disc-shaped colonies with highly elongated peristomes and a quadrangular aperture, distinct from the round apertures of the genus Pachyzoon. Pachyzoid species differ in colony structure and shape, apertural papillae and polypide features such as tentacle number or digestive-tract details. Cystid appendages are non-kenozooidal, but may originate from laterally flanking kenozooids. Based on published images, alleged P. atlanticum from New Caledonia is re-interpreted as P. pulvinaris n. sp.. Morphological characters support alcyonidioidean relationships, as previously suggested. First observations on pachyzoid reproduction show macrolecithal oocytes and brooding of embryos, which seems to be the general pattern for this family. The occurrence of three new Zealandian species in a comparatively small geographical area far from the Atlantic indicates a high possibility of more species to discovered.
Interlinkages across US sectoral returns: time-varying interconnectedness and hedging effectiveness
Authors: Polat Onur
Published: February 2024

This study examines the time-varying asymmetric interlinkages between nine US sectoral returns from January 2020 to January 2023. To this end, we used the time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) asymmetric connectedness approach of Adekoya et al. (Resour Policy 77:102728, 2022a, Resour Policy 78:102877, 2022b) and analyzed the time-varying transmitting/receiving roles of sectors, considering the positive and negative impacts of the spillovers. We further estimate negative spillovers networks at two burst times (the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020 and the start of Russian-Ukrainian war on 24 February 2022, respectively). Moreover, we performed a portfolio back-testing analysis to determine the time-varying portfolio allocations and hedging the effectiveness of different portfolio construction techniques. Our results reveal that (i) the sectoral return series are strongly interconnected, and negative spillovers dominate the study period; (ii) US sectoral returns are more sensitive to negative shocks, particularly during the burst times; (iii) the overall, positive, and negative connectedness indices reached their maximums on March 16, 2020; (iv) the industry sector is the largest transmitter/recipient of return shocks on average; and (v) the minimum correlation and connectedness portfolio approaches robustly capture asymmetries. Our findings provide suggestions for investors, portfolio managers, and policymakers regarding optimal portfolio strategies and risk supervision.
Implementing Ac-225 labelled radiopharmaceuticals: practical considerations and (pre-)clinical perspectives
Authors: Hooijman Eline L. , Radchenko Valery , Ling Sui Wai , Konijnenberg Mark , Brabander Tessa , Koolen Stijn L. W. , de Blois Erik
Published: February 2024

Background

In the past years, there has been a notable increase in interest regarding targeted alpha therapy using Ac-225, driven by the observed promising clinical anti-tumor effects. As the production and technology has advanced, the availability of Ac-225 is expected to increase in the near future, making the treatment available to patients worldwide.

Main body

Ac-225 can be labelled to different biological vectors, whereby the success of developing a radiopharmaceutical depends heavily on the labelling conditions, purity of the radionuclide source, chelator, and type of quenchers used to avoid radiolysis. Multiple (methodological) challenges need to be overcome when working with Ac-225; as alpha-emission detection is time consuming and highly geometry dependent, a gamma co-emission is used, but has to be in equilibrium with the mother-nuclide. Because of the high impact of alpha emitters in vivo it is highly recommended to cross-calibrate the Ac-225 measurements for used quality control (QC) techniques (radio-TLC, HPLC, HP-Ge detector, and gamma counter). More strict health physics regulations apply, as Ac-225 has a high toxicity, thereby limiting practical handling and quantities used for QC analysis.

Conclusion

This overview focuses specifically on the practical and methodological challenges when working with Ac-225 labelled radiopharmaceuticals, and underlines the required infrastructure and (detection) methods for the (pre-)clinical application.
Access, interest and equity considerations for virtual global health activities during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Umphrey Lisa , Beck Alyssa , Zhou Shuo , Kagoya Enid Kawala , Paasi George , Coria Alexandra , Evert Jessica , Haque Marina , Rule Amy , Lamb Molly M.
Published: February 2024

Background

Global health activities (GHAs) reduce health disparities by promoting medical education, professional development, and resource sharing between high- and low- to middle-income countries (HICs and LMICs). Virtual global health activities facilitated continuity and bidirectionality in global health during the COVID-19 pandemic. While virtual engagement holds potential for promoting equity within partnerships, research on equitable access to and interest in virtual global health activities is limited.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional, online, mixed-methods survey from January to February 2022 examining access to virtual activities before and during the pandemic across resource settings. Eligible participants were participants or facilitators of global health activities. Closed- and open-ended questions elicited participants’ access to and interest in virtual global health engagement.

Results

We analyzed 265 surveys from respondents in 45 countries (43.0% LMIC vs. HIC 57.0%). HIC respondents tended to report greater loss of in-person access due to the pandemic at their own institutions (16 of 17 queried GHAs), while LMIC respondents tended to report greater loss of in-person activities at another institution (9 of 17 queried GHAs). Respondents from LMICs were more likely to gain virtual access through another organization for all 17 queried VGHAs. HIC respondents had significantly more access to global health funding through their own organization (p < 0.01) and more flexibility for using funds. There were significant differences and trends between respondent groups in different resource environments in terms of accessibility to and interest in different virtual global health activities, both during and after the pandemic.

Conclusions

Our results highlight the need to examine accessibility to virtual global health activities within partnerships between high- and low- to middle-income countries. While virtual activities may bridge existing gaps in global health education and partnerships, further study on priorities and agenda setting for such initiatives, with special attention to power dynamics and structural barriers, are necessary to ensure meaningful virtual global health engagement moving forward.
Image annotation and curation in radiology: an overview for machine learning practitioners
Authors: Galbusera Fabio , Cina Andrea
Published: February 2024

“Garbage in, garbage out” summarises well the importance of high-quality data in machine learning and artificial intelligence. All data used to train and validate models should indeed be consistent, standardised, traceable, correctly annotated, and de-identified, considering local regulations. This narrative review presents a summary of the techniques that are used to ensure that all these requirements are fulfilled, with special emphasis on radiological imaging and freely available software solutions that can be directly employed by the interested researcher. Topics discussed include key imaging concepts, such as image resolution and pixel depth; file formats for medical image data storage; free software solutions for medical image processing; anonymisation and pseudonymisation to protect patient privacy, including compliance with regulations such as the Regulation (EU) 2016/679 “General Data Protection Regulation” (GDPR) and the 1996 United States Act of Congress “Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act” (HIPAA); methods to eliminate patient-identifying features within images, like facial structures; free and commercial tools for image annotation; and techniques for data harmonisation and normalisation.

Relevance statementThis review provides an overview of the methods and tools that can be used to ensure high-quality data for machine learning and artificial intelligence applications in radiology.

Key points

• High-quality datasets are essential for reliable artificial intelligence algorithms in medical imaging.

• Software tools like ImageJ and 3D Slicer aid in processing medical images for AI research.

• Anonymisation techniques protect patient privacy during dataset preparation.

• Machine learning models can accelerate image annotation, enhancing efficiency and accuracy.

• Data curation ensures dataset integrity, compliance, and quality for artificial intelligence development.

Graphical Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia of sphenoid wing with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst: a rare case report
Authors: Vashisth Krishan Kumar , Mohammad Kaif , Sharma Prevesh Kumar , Singh Deepak Kumar , Mishra Vineet Kumar , Sangolli Praveenkumar Nagendra
Published: February 2024

Background

An aneurysmal bone cyst is a locally destructive benign lesion affecting mostly the long bones. Aneurysmal bone cyst of the skull bones is a very rare phenomenon and the involvement of the sphenoid bone of the skull with extension into the orbit is even rarer. We present a case of 15-year-old adolescent with fibrous dysplasia of the sphenoid wing with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst.

Case presentation

A 15-year-old male presented to us with chief complaints of headache with swelling in the left temporal region of the face and proptosis of the left eye associated with decreased vision for the past 2 months. NCCT showed a large heterogeneous mass in the left temporal region extending into left orbit. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI showed a well-defined multiloculated osteo-expansile lesion in the left middle cranial fossa extending into the anterior cranial fossa consistent with the fibrous dysplasia of the sphenoid bone with associated aneurysmal bone cyst. Digital subtraction angiography brain to look for any feeders to the lesion was done followed by microsurgical gross total excision of the tumor. The histopathology report confirmed it to be fibrous dysplasia secondary to aneurysmal bone cyst.

Conclusion

Aneurysmal bone cyst is a rare entity, commonly affecting the long bones of the body. The involvement of sphenoid wing of skull is very rare occurrence. It can be primary or secondary to fibrous dysplasia, chondroblastoma, giant cell tumor, fibromyomas, etc. Fibrous dysplasia with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst should be kept in mind as one of the differential diagnoses while dealing with osteolytic bone lesions of skull.
How forcing community resilience in rural communities harms sustainable development
Authors: Ketola Zoe , Tiwari Shardul , Schelly Chelsea
Published: February 2024

Community resilience is critical to managing the effects of climate change and in achieving the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Resilient communities are able to manage stressors and recover from them, such as in instances of energy service outages. Instances like these can lead to communities that feel forced to exhibit individual characteristics of resilience, such as neighbors relying on each other in times of need because history has shown them that they cannot rely on outside institutions for help. Communities may adopt factors of individual psychological resilience in the face of energy service outages because they lack structural support to exhibit community resilience or to pursue resilient energy systems. This lack of access to support and resources is in conflict with principles of procedural justice and energy sovereignty while reinforcing institutional mistrust within affected communities and contributing to social vulnerability. This article contemplates and expounds on the idea of coerced resilience in the face of energy service outages and severe weather within a rural, remote community in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula (UP). The UP is located at the tail end of electricity infrastructure, putting its residents at increased risk of experiencing energy service outages that are further complicated by its isolation and severe winter weather. We examine the idea of coerced resilience, its relation to social vulnerability, and how it conflicts with concepts of energy justice and the UN’s SDG. We further go on to highlight how certain populations and youth can minimize instances of coerced resilience and contribute to sustainable development making it an important consideration to achieve sustainable development goals.
Industrial digital twins in offshore wind farms
Authors: Ambarita Evi Elisa , Karlsen Anniken , Scibilia Francesco , Hasan Agus
Published: February 2024

Digital twin technology, aligned with Industry 4.0 standard, has witnessed widespread adoption in various industries, notably in manufacturing. Meanwhile, the concept of digital twin itself is yet to be clearly defined in wind farm sector. Our primary contribution lies in investigating the potential for transferring knowledge of industrial digital twins for the wind farm industry. Through a comprehensive literature study, we explored the digital twin concept within the context of wind farm applications. Also, we conducted a comparative analysis of digital twin frameworks employed in wind farm and manufacturing sectors. We aim to identify commonalities and differences between these frameworks and to determine how they could be adapted to the unique requirements of the offshore wind sector. A case study is presented, wherein the Industry 4.0 standard framework, Asset Administration Shell (AAS), is conceptually applied to the wind farm sector. Additionally, we briefly explored the AASX Package Explorer and concluded that implementing the AAS could be a promising option for enhancing digital twin functionality in offshore wind farms, and for achieving interoperability in line with Industry 4.0 standard.
Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) and malignancy: a nationwide multicentre series review
Authors: Brufatto Matheus Zanata , Lanças Sean Hideo Shirata , de Albuquerque Pedrosa Fernandes Taciana , Sallum Adriana Maluf Elias , Campos Lucia Maria Arruda , Sakamoto Ana Paula , Terreri Maria Teresa , Sztajnbok Flavio Roberto , Bica Blanca Elena Rios Gomes , Ferriani Virginia Paes Leme , de Carvalho Luciana Martins , Silva Clovis Artur Almeida , Saad-Magalhaes Claudia
Published: February 2024

Background

Increased malignancy frequency is well documented in adult-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but with limited reports in childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) series. We explored the frequency of malignancy associated with cSLE, describing clinical and demographic characteristics, disease activity and cumulative damage, by the time of malignancy diagnosis.

Method

A retrospective case-notes review, in a nationwide cohort from 27 Pediatric Rheumatology centres, with descriptive biopsy-proven malignancy, disease activity/damage accrual, and immunosuppressive treatment were compiled in each participating centre, using a standard protocol.

Results

Of the 1757 cSLE cases in the updated cohort, 12 (0.7%) developed malignancy with median time 10 years after cSLE diagnosis. There were 91% females, median age at cSLE diagnosis 12 years, median age at malignancy diagnosis 23 years. Of all diagnosed malignancies, 11 were single-site, and a single case with concomitant multiple sites; four had haematological (0.22%) and 8 solid malignancy (0.45%). Median (min–max) SLEDAI-2 K scores were 9 (0–38), median (min–max) SLICC/ACR-DI (SDI) score were 1 (1–5) Histopathology defined 1 Hodgkin's lymphoma, 2 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 1 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia; 4 gastrointestinal carcinoma, 1 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and 1 anal carcinoma; 1 had sigmoid adenocarcinoma and 1 stomach carcinoid; 3 had genital malignancy, being 1 vulvae, 1 cervix and 1 vulvae and cervix carcinomas; 1 had central nervous system oligodendroglioma; and 1 testicle germ cell teratoma.

Conclusion

Estimated malignancy frequency of 0.7% was reported during cSLE follow up in a multicentric series. Median disease activity and cumulative damage scores, by the time of malignancy diagnoses, were high; considering that reported in adult series.
Haplotype-resolved genome assembly provides insights into evolutionary history of the Actinidia arguta tetraploid
Authors: Zhang Feng , Wang Yingzhen , Lin Yunzhi , Wang Hongtao , Wu Ying , Ren Wangmei , Wang Lihuan , Yang Ying , Zheng Pengpeng , Wang Songhu , Yue Junyang , Liu Yongsheng
Published: February 2024

Actinidia arguta, known as hardy kiwifruit, is a widely cultivated species with distinct botanical characteristics such as small and smooth-fruited, rich in beneficial nutrients, rapid softening and tolerant to extremely low temperatures. It contains the most diverse ploidy types, including diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid, octoploid, and decaploid. Here we report a haplotype-resolved tetraploid genome (A. argutacv. ‘Longcheng No.2’) containing four haplotypes, each with 40,859, 41,377, 39,833 and 39,222 protein-coding genes. We described the phased genome structure, synteny, and evolutionary analyses to identify and date possible WGD events.Kscalculations for both allelic and paralogous genes pairs throughout the assembled haplotypic individuals showed its tetraploidization is estimated to have formed ~ 1.03 Mya following Ad-αevent occurred ~ 18.7 Mya. Detailed annotations of NBS-LRRs or CBFs highlight the importance of genetic variations coming about after polyploidization in underpinning ability of immune responses or environmental adaptability. WGCNA analysis of postharvest quality indicators in combination with transcriptome revealed several transcription factors were involved in regulating ripening kiwi berry texture. Taking together, the assembly of anA. argutatetraploid genome provides valuable resources in deciphering complex genome structure and facilitating functional genomics studies and genetic improvement for kiwifruit and other crops.

Graphical Abstract
Thermal analysis of AISI 1020 low carbon steel plate agglutinated by gas tungsten arc welding technique: a computational study of weld dilution using finite element method
Authors: Bassey Michael Okon , Ohwoekevwo Jephtar Uviefovwe , Ikpe Aniekan Essienubong
Published: February 2024

An important goal in a number of optimization studies is a high-quality weld joint. Thermal analysis of AISI 1020 low carbon steel plate agglutinated by gas tungsten arc welding technique was carried out using S 2021 version. With SOLIDWORKS Premium, the simulation was run. The simulation was performed using the Thermal Simulation programme with 20 weld runs. With the findings of the initial study serving as a sensor, a design study was conducted. A total of 15 runs were completed, and the weld dilution and thermal conductivity responses were available. A range of welding temperatures including 3397 to 3688 °C were experimentally applied in the joining process of AISI 1020 low carbon steel plate of 10 mm thickness, and a strain gauge indicator was used to measure the thermal stresses induced in the steel plate. However, minimum and maximum weld dilution values of 73.1 and 46.8% were obtained with FEM at an input of arc heat of 66.4 and 37.2 J/mm, while the minimum and maximum weld dilution values of 71.55 and 45.5% were computed using experimental approach at the same heat input. On the other hand, maximum and minimum weld dilution of 71.55 and 44.5% were computed from experimental process at minimum and maximum welding current of 199.77 and 250.23 A, while 73.1 and 46.8% were obtained for the maximum and minimum weld dilution through FEM procedure at the same welding input variables. Hence, gas tungsten arc welding input parameters should be properly selected and controlled during welding operation, in order to minimize thermal effects and welding flaws such as high dilution rate.
Research on the expansion and optimization control strategy of cascaded rectifier H-bridge
Authors: Hu Jingpeng
Published: February 2024

Extensive research on the multi-bridge extension of cascaded rectifier stages is deemed important to meet the requirements of high-voltage and high-power applications. Two control structures for capacitor voltage balancing in cascaded rectifier stages are analyzed in this paper. On this basis, the balance strategy for the multi-bridge extension of single-phase cascaded rectifiers is explored. The balance method of ultra-fast balance modulation trajectories is introduced into single-phase multi-bridge cascaded rectification, and the optimal control strategy is selected through simulation verification and comparative analysis. During the actual experiments, some disturbance factors were introduced into the system, causing an instantaneous unbalanced state. However, through the control strategy proposed in this paper, the system can quickly regain balance. Through simulation validation and analysis of the experimental results, the reliability and innovation of this control strategy have been demonstrated.
Virtual reality experience in haemato-oncology patients—technical evaluation (ViREB-TE)
Authors: Boots Rob , Curley Cameron , Scott Ashleigh , Gavin Nicole , Morris Edward , Foster Carley , Jackson Matthew , Collet Sally , Thompson Damien , Wardell Nadine , Vedelago James , Adam Stephen
Published: February 2024

Purpose

Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly being used in health care. However, its use as part of therapy during prolonged inpatient treatments is less well established. This study assessed the experience of hemato-oncology inpatients, their caregivers or relatives and staff of a 20-min VR expedition to assess acceptability, safety, and opportunities to improve inpatient experience.

Methods

Through several familiarisation days, participants took part in a supervised 20-min trial of a 3-dimensional (3-D) VR escape using Google Wander™ delivered via an Oculus Quest 2 VR Headset™. Participants completed a validated survey of their VR experiences.

Results

Thirty-one patients, 10 staff members and 9 relatives or patient friends visited 55 unique countries, with 19 participants (38%) wishing to visit home, family, or friends. All participants enjoyed the experience, felt energised or had a sense of well-being following the immersion. One participant felt fatigued by the experience. No one found the experience disagreeable nor had difficulty in navigating within the device. No participant complained of nausea, with two patients experiencing dizziness and one developing a headache. Nine participants (18%) complained of eyestrain, while 12 participants (24%) complained of a sense of “head fullness”. None of the symptoms were perceived to need to shorten the immersion experience nor lasted beyond the immersion.

Conclusion

3D-VR “holiday from hospital” can be used safely in acute inpatients with little supervised training. The broad acceptance of the technology, potentially providing a distraction from clinical care routines.
Left Hepatectomy Combined with Right Hepatic Artery Resection and Reconstruction for Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Jianyong , Xu Banghao , Chen Weitao , Huang Keyu , Lan Zhujing , Zhu Hai , Wang Jilong , Zhang Ling , Lu Tingting , Guo Ya , Wen Zhang
Published: February 2024

Background

Hepatectomy combined with hepatic artery reconstruction in the operation for hilar cholangiocarcinoma (Klatskin tumor) is a challenging procedure. We present a video of left hepatectomy combined with right hepatic artery reconstruction for hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Patient and Methods

The patient was a 60-year-old male who presented with obstructive jaundice. The imaging examination showed that the confluence of left and right hepatic ducts and the wall of common hepatic duct were thickened, the local lumen was narrowed, the intrahepatic bile duct was dilated, and the right hepatic artery was invaded by tumors nearly 2.3 centimeters. Left hepatectomy with total caudate lobectomy, resection with reconstruction of right hepatic artery, hilar lymphadenectomy, and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy were performed.

Results

The operation time was 345 min, and the amount of bleeding was about 400 ml. There was no blood transfusion. The pathology showed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, with negative margins of common bile duct and right hepatic duct, and negative results of all lymph nodes. The patient’s recovery was uneventful and he was discharged on postoperative day 14. The patient was disease free at 12-month follow-up evaluation.

Conclusions

Hepatic artery resection and reconstruction procedure is safe and feasible for hilar cholangiocarcinoma in a highly tertiary hepatobiliary center.
Inflammation proteomics datasets in the ALSPAC cohort
Authors: Goulding Neil , Goudswaard Lucy J. , Hughes David A. , Corbin Laura J. , Groom Alix , Ring Susan , Timpson Nicholas J. , Fraser Abigail , Northstone Kate , Suderman Matthew
Published: February 2024

Proteomics is the identification, detection and quantification of proteins within a biological sample. The complete set of proteins expressed by an organism is known as the proteome. The availability of new high-throughput proteomic technologies, such as Olink Proteomic Proximity Extension Assay (PEA) technology has enabled detailed investigation of the circulating proteome in large-scale epidemiological studies. In particular, the Olink® Target 96 inflammatory panel allows the measurement of 92 circulating inflammatory proteins. The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a prospective population-based cohort study which recruited pregnant women in 1991-1992 and has followed these women, their partners, and their offspring ever since. In this data note, we describe the newly-released proteomic data available in ALSPAC. Ninety-two proteins were analysed in 9000 blood plasma samples using the Olink® Target 96 inflammatory panel. Samples were derived from 2968 fasted mothers (mean age 47.5; Focus on Mothers 1 (FOM1)), 3005 non-fasted offspring at age 9 (Focus@9) and 3027 fasted offspring at age 24 (Focus@24). Post sample filtering, 1834 offspring have data at both timepoints and 1119 of those have data from their mother available. We performed quality control analyses using a standardised data processing workflow (metaboprep) to produce a filtered dataset of 8983 samples for researchers to use in future analyses. Initial validation analyses indicate that IL-6 measured using the Olink® Target 96 inflammatory panel is highly correlated with IL-6 previously measured by clinical chemistry (Pearson’s correlation = 0.77) and we are able to reproduce the reported positive correlation between body mass index (BMI) and IL-6. The pre-processing and validation analyses indicate a rich proteomic dataset to further characterise the role of inflammation in health and disease.
Impact of COVID-19 on the development of major mental disorders in patients visiting a university hospital: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Kim Hee-Cheol
Published: February 2024

Background: This study aimed to investigate the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the development of major mental disorders in patients visiting a university hospital. Methods: The study participants were patients with COVID-19 (n=5,006) and those without COVID-19 (n=367,162) registered in the database of Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital and standardized with the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model. Data on major mental disorders that developed in both groups over the 5-year follow-up period were extracted using the FeederNet computer program. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the incidence of major mental disorders.Results: The incidences of dementia and sleep, anxiety, and depressive disorders were significantly higher in the COVID-19 group than in the control group. The incidence rates per 1,000 patient-years in the COVID-19 group vs. the control group were 12.71 vs. 3.76 for dementia, 17.42 vs. 7.91 for sleep disorders, 6.15 vs. 3.41 for anxiety disorders, and 8.30 vs. 5.78 for depressive disorders. There was no significant difference in the incidence of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder between the two groups. COVID-19 infection increased the risk of mental disorders in the following order: dementia (HR, 3.49; 95% CI, 2.45–4.98), sleep disorders (HR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.76–2.91), anxiety disorders (HR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.25–2.84), and depressive disorders (HR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.09–2.15). Conclusion: This study showed that the major mental disorders associated with COVID-19 were dementia and sleep, anxiety, and depressive disorders.
Does gut microbiota have an impact on the origin of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease? – literature review
Authors: Oleksak Izabela , Leśniewski Michał , Welian-Polus Iwona , Maliszewska Karolina , Ziółkowska Joanna
Published: February 2024

Introduction and purpose:

Among neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most prevalent. It has been observed recently that alterations in the gut microbiota are associated with the onset of neurodegenerative disorders. This research aims to estimate the pathomechanisms and disease courses associated with the gut microbiota that lead to AD and PD development.

Material and methods

The following review was based on articles from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Key search terms included Alzheimer’s disease; Parkinson’s disease; gut microbiota; neurodegenerative diseases.

State of knowledge

The advancement of neurodegenerative processes is linked to the varying progressive course of both disorders. There are numerous likely reasons that connect the development of AD and PD and the gut microbiome. These include the hypotheses on inflammation, the decrease in the quantity of bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids, and hygiene. The researchers' suggested treatment plans for the two illnesses are comparable.

Conclusions

A major influence on the development of neurodegenerative disorders is the gut microbiome. To clarify the precise connections between the gut microbiota and the development of AD and PD, further thorough research is required. More human research is required. Furthermore, it's possible that early interventions, such switching to a Mediterranean diet, are anticipated to lower the risk of AD or PD.
Practice Summary: Henkel Uses Analytics to Improve Call Center Performance
Authors: Maleyeff John , Corlu Canan Gunes
Published: February 2024

The development of a decision support tool to assist with call center agent scheduling at Henkel is described. Call center demand varies by hour, and agents have dissimilar service time distributions. Target agent utilizations are calculated using a metamodel of a simulation that finds the elbow of the utilization to waiting time curve.
A DIVERSIDADE ÉTNICO-RACIAL NA ESCOLA: UM CONTRIBUTO PARA EFETIVAR A EDUCAÇÃO DIFERENCIADA EM TERRITÓRIOS QUILOMBOLAS NA PARAÍBA
Authors: Malaquias Vilma Helena , Rodrigues Ana Claudia Silva
Published: February 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada em escolas públicas municipais em territórios quilombolas, no estado da Paraíba, sobre os desafios para implementar a legislação que efetiva a educação escolar quilombola no referido município, com o fim de compreender a relação entre a diversidade étnico-racial, no processo de escolarização dos estudantes, e o currículo escolar da educação quilombola. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, realizada no âmbito escolar, cujos participantes foram professores do ensino fundamental de três instituições de ensino inseridas na Mesorregião do Litoral Sul paraibano. Os resultados apresentados, a priori, apontaram que a escola tem dificuldades de ofertar uma educação diferenciada nesses territórios, já que é influenciada por processos coloniais e pelas políticas educacionais de cunho neoliberal. Como consequência desse fato, negligencia-se o currículo escolar e prevalecem as distorções em sua efetivação nas práticas educativas.
PROPOSIÇÕES DECOLONIAIS SOBRE A TRAJETÓRIA DA MULHER NEGRA NO BRASIL: REFLEXÕES A PARTIR DAS AULAS DE UMA ELETIVA
Authors: Pascoal da Silva Janneyde , Caprini Aldieres Braz Amorim , Santana Korine Cardoso , Rodrigues Rodrigo Ferreira
Published: February 2024

O presente artigo trata-se de um relato de experiência desenvolvido em um componente curricular eletivo em uma escola pública estadual de Ensino Médio no município de Aracruz-ES. O componente curricular eletivo no novo Ensino Médio constitui a parte diversificada do currículo sendo que a sua organização deve estar em consonância com a nova Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), os interesses e necessidades dos estudantes. Esta experiência de ensino aqui relatada foi realizada com estudantes dos dois turnos do ensino médio regular, sendo composto por um grupo heterogêneo de estudantes que fizeram a escolha por essa temática por motivos diversos, sendo um deles o preconceito vivenciado ou presenciado por eles. Idealizada por uma professora de História, a oferta foi encarada como uma oportunidade de continuidade a um trabalho já iniciado anos anteriores, denominado “Cuide-se”, que tem como propósito a realização de encontros de escuta ativa mediados por um grupo de psicólogas, onde a boa parte dos estudantes participantes neste projeto eram meninas negras. Também, por meio desta, desvela-se a oportunidade em se trabalhar temáticas silenciadas pelo currículo oficial, sendo utilizado para subsidiar esse trabalho a perspectiva decolonial, uma vez que a mesma reflete sobre a importância de dar visibilidade a sujeitos historicamente silenciados pela historiografia normativa de base ocidental. A decolonialidade portanto, além de base teórica para subsidiar a temática a ser desenvolvida, foi utilizada para se pensar as estratégias das propostas de atividades, ações e reflexões.
AÇÃO EDUCOMUNICATIVA E A LUTA ANTIRRACISTA DE DOCENTES NEGROS A PARTIR DA MÍDIA WEB RADIO
Authors: Santos Cintia dos , Giacomazzo Graziela Fatima
Published: February 2024

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado, que buscou responder a seguinte problemática: Como a mídia web rádio, enquanto ação educomunicativa, contribui na luta antirracista dos docentes negros a partir do programa Protagonistas Sem Fronteiras? As opções metodológicas foram a abordagem qualitativa, de caráter descritivo-exploratório, documental e do tipo netnográfica, sendo o referencial teórico constituído principalmente por intelectuais negros, como Djamila Ribeiro, Nilma Lino Gomes e Silvio Almeida. A investigação partiu da análise de cinco (5) programas realizados na mídia web rádio. Com a participação de professores negros atuantes nas práticas pedagógicas antirracistas. A pesquisa evidenciou que embora existam professores negros e não negros atuantes no cumprimento da Lei nº 10.639/03, a inserção das práticas pedagógicas antirracistas no cotidiano educacional precisa ser ampla e contínua. Sendo assim, concluiu-se com este estudo que a educomunicação, quando também é antirracista, desempenha um papel relevante nesse processo a partir da mídia web rádio. A intervenção social, na perspectiva  educomunicativa, em seus diversos aspectos, também precisa ter como foco a educação  antirracista e/ou a educação para as relações étnico-raciais, o que pressupõe a continuidade  dos estudos nesta área de conhecimento.
CONVERSAS COMPLICADAS NO ENSINO DE QUÍMICA: MANIFESTO POR UM CURRÍCULO [MARIELLE] “FRANCO”
Authors: Dutra-Pereira Franklin Kaic
Published: February 2024

Neste ensaio objetivamos conversar, complicadamente, sobre possíveis deslocamentos teórico-conceituais necessários à transgressão das universidadescolas, na defesa de uma química antirracista, dada as repercussões, os assassinatos, o genocídio da população brasileira, sobretudo, preta e indígena. Assim, nos propomos a (re)pensar a educação a partir de um currículo franco – fazendo alusão à Marielle Franco –, o que requer que a instância democrática esteja forte. Considerando isso, lançamos o manifesto por um currículo franco, que tem gente, que tem voz, que tem a ousadia da existência. Apoiados nos escritos pós-coloniais e partindo para o sul global, reafirmamos a importância de enegrecermos os currículos, as universidadescolas e a química, para adiarmos os fins que estão postos em prática. Concluímos nos posicionando em defesa da democracia, de uma política curricular plural e franca, de uma química multicultural, reafirmando os perigos de uma história única. Por isso há necessidade de um currículo franco, com a cara do Brasil, que respeite e valorize os conhecimentos dos povos africanos, afro-brasileiros e indígenas, para (re)inventarmos a Química e o seu ensino.
LEI 10639/03 EM AULAS DE HISTÓRIA: UMA PROPOSTA ATRAVÉS DA GAMIFICAÇÃO
Authors: Lima Maria do Socorro Lacerda , Oechsler Vanessa , Azevedo Camila Nascimento
Published: February 2024

A proposta deste trabalho é trazer uma discussão a respeito da aplicação da Lei 10.639/03 em aulas de História por meio da Gamificação. Além de uma reflexão referente à metodologia de Gamificação e sua aplicação no componente curricular de História, o texto procura auxiliar professores na criação de estratégias gamificadas para ensinar a História da África e da cultura Afro-brasileira, apresentando um exemplo com o tema “Reinos Africanos – As Ahosi, guerreiras de Daomé”. Para isso, serão apresentados os elementos mais relevantes da Gamificação para o campo educacional. Também será abordada a História do movimento negro no Brasil para contextualizar a lei 10.639/03 e os conceitos de decolonialidade e afrocentricidade são considerados com o intuito de incentivar o ensino da História da África e da Cultura afro-brasileira a partir de uma perspectiva diferente da abordagem tradicional e eurocêntrica.
CRIANÇAS NEGRAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA: (RE)COLOCANDO QUESTÕES A PARTIR DAS INTERSECCIONALIDADES
Authors: Tinôco Saimonton , Souza Fernanda Cristina de
Published: February 2024

A relação desigual existente em nosso país entre pessoas negras e não negras afeta adultos e crianças, inclusive as com deficiência. Por esse motivo, é preciso romper com perspectivas homogeneizadoras de “infância” e de “criança” enquanto categorias universais, compreendendo-as em sua historicidade e em seus diferentes contextos sociais. Assim, o presente artigo objetiva (re)colocar a questão do ensino da história e cultura afro-brasileira, especificamente no que se refere à escolarização das crianças negras com deficiência, tensionando o debate que já vem ocorrendo e ampliar as questões colocadas, a partir dos Estudos da Infância, da Deficiência e do Feminismo Negro. Desse modo, compreende-se a urgente necessidade de inclusão da interseccionalidade nas discussões e políticas relacionadas às infâncias, à inclusão escolar e às relações étnico-raciais. É fundamental questionar o silenciamento de vozes de crianças negras com deficiência nas produções acadêmicas, bem como problematizar as condições de violência em que muitas delas estão submetidas. Assim, será possibilitada a ampliação do alcance da Lei nº 10.639, para além da inclusão de conteúdos programáticos em disciplinas específicas e da promoção de comemorações alusivas.
LETRAMENTO RACIAL E A LEI 10.639/03, UMA PONTE HERMENÊUTICA
Authors: Armandilha Wellington Fernando da Conceição , Petraglia Izabel Cristina
Published: February 2024

Mesmo após vinte anos da implementação da Lei 10.639/03, o ensino da história e cultura afro-brasileira ainda é minimamente trabalhada nas escolas. Pensando neste cenário e na necessidade de ampliar o senso crítico e a subjetividade identitária dos estudantes negros, o presente trabalho visa demonstrar como o letramento racial com a ajuda da hermenêutica é uma ferramenta de extrema importância para se trabalhar esse tema e alavancar a implementação eficaz desta lei e assim fomentar de forma mais abrangente e pontual os benefícios sociais e culturais provindos de uma educação ancorada na pluriversalidade. Para isso, demonstraremos por meio de uma análise teórica baseada e ancorada em pensadores africanos e brasileiros a importância de se trabalhar e levar o letramento racial para dentro das unidades escolares, buscando assim, reduzir o preconceito estrutural e ampliar o ensino da cultura afro-brasileira. Pensadores como Biko (1990), Diop (2000), Morin (2003, 2005, 2015) e Ramose (2011) serão algumas das bases teóricas utilizadas ao longo deste trabalho.
EDUCAÇÃO DO OLHAR E LEI 10.639/2003
Authors: Filé Valter
Published: February 2024

Este artigo pretende trabalhar a partir de alguns efeitos da lei 10.639/2003. Mais especificamente, o texto nasce de um projeto de pesquisa que tem como objetivo pensar o papel das imagens na educação do preconceito. A pesquisa parte de algumas questões que tivemos a pretensão de enfrentar e que inicialmente se define assim: Qual o papel das imagens na nossa formação, considerando que a questão racial sempre esteve ancorada na visualidade? O que apresentamos aqui faz parte dos estudos e narrativas que articulam formação de professores/as, dificuldades de pessoas negras com seus processos de auto identificação e o papel das imagens na produção de tais dificuldades. Buscamos, como referências, contribuições de autores como Gonzalo Abril Curto, para trabalharmos sobre os regimes de visualidade, ou seja, aquilo que as sociedades produzem como regulação do olhar, do que deve ser visto (e como deve ser visto), o que não deve ser visto e a administração dos corpos nos espaços. Autores como Silvio Almeida nos dão suporte para pensarmos o racismo estrutural. Michel de Certeau vai nos ajudar a pensar sobre a "cena inaugural", ou seja, como começamos a produzir o outro e defini-los a partir da criação de suas imagens, a partir da sua obra A escrita da História. Tivemos a companhia de outros autores que nos ajudaram naquilo que foi preciso pensar para a apresentação deste texto.
CRIANÇAS E NATUREZA: AFINAR SILÊNCIOS, FIAR IMAGINAÇÕES
Authors: Nimrichter Ana Clara , Ostetto Luciana Esmeralda
Published: February 2024

Ativar sentidos, apurar silêncios e aprender a escutar as múltiplas linguagens das crianças foram princípios-guias da pesquisa que teve por objetivo investigar relações e percepções de crianças com e sobre a natureza. Partindo da observação de suas formas de interação com as áreas verdes disponíveis na instituição de Educação Infantil que frequentavam, este estudo buscou capturar os olhares das crianças sobre a natureza, revelados em fotografias produzidas por elas no processo de pesquisa, ouvindo-as acerca das suas experiências em ambientes naturais e sobre suas produções fotográficas. Os olhares e os saberes de meninos e meninas de 4 a 5 anos de idade, participantes da proposta, emergiram no terreno dialógico da investigação e, como conteúdos narrativos, foram acolhidos e visibilizados por meio de expressões diversas. A despeito do que os adultos (quase) não veem como/na natureza, as crianças enxergam em seus cotidianos pequenas doses de magia, em ângulos inesperados, recheados de cumplicidade entre si. Compondo cantinhos de memória, as crianças vivificam objetos peculiares em interações brincantes com folhas, pedras, terra e água.
PROJETOS DE FORMAÇÃO ANTIRRACISTA NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Silva Suzi Alves , Silva Ivanderson Pereira da , Silva Brito Maria Betânia Gomes da
Published: February 2024

Esse estudo investigou experiências de ensino antirracista, desenvolvidas com estudantes dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública alagoana. Teve por objetivos: descrever três experiências com projetos de ensino antirracistas, concebidas em anos subsequentes com crianças do 2º ano do Ensino Fundamental; analisar as potencialidades dessas experiências com vistas ao desenvolvimento de uma formação antirracista; avaliar os limites impostos pela condição institucional do ensino formal para o desenvolvimento de uma formação radicalmente antirracista num modelo de sociedade estruturalmente racista. Do ponto de vista metodológico, trata-se, de um estudo de casos múltiplos no qual foram analisados três casos de três projetos focados em práticas pedagógicas antirracistas desenvolvidas numa mesma escola da rede pública municipal de Arapiraca-AL. Como resultados foi possível constatar a necessidade de resistir e suplantar discursos que visam silenciar a luta e as práticas pedagógicas antirracista, bem como a necessidade de ampliar o alcance de projetos como esses.
LIVRO DIDÁTICO DE HISTÓRIA: A PRESENÇA (OU AUSÊNCIA) DE PERSONAGENS NEGROS NA FORMAÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE NACIONAL BRASILEIRA
Authors: Beloto Gisele Maria , Vitorino Artur José Renda
Published: February 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo examinar o papel da consolidação do livro didático como instrumento no processo de aprendizagem desde implementação da disciplina história no Brasil no século XIX e os interesses estatais em torno da sua produção em escala nacional. Nesse sentido, também realizar o levantamento de  reflexões a respeito das poucas menções ou ausências dos personagens negros e da história da atuação de africanos na construção cultural, social e política do país nos livros didáticos de maior circulação desde século XIX ao XX. Como metodologia foi empregado a de Bardin (2011), com o intuito de realizar uma análise qualitativa e responder o papel da literatura didática como política pública e o papel do Estado com a disciplina história e relação livro didático. Como conclusão, defende-se a urgência da presença de conteúdos que reforcem o protagonismo e história da população afro-brasileira nos livros didáticos no ensino de história como reforça a Lei n. 10.639/03, tal como a eliminação dos resquícios de eurocentrismos e estereótipos herdados das primeiras publicações didáticas e do período escravista.
PERCEPÇÕES DOCENTES ACERCA DA LEI 10.639/03: OBRIGATORIEDADE DA TEMÁTICA "HISTÓRIA E CULTURA AFRO-BRASILEIRA" NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA?
Authors: Santos Cláudia Adriana Souza , Rocha Bernardo Almeida
Published: February 2024

Este trabalho objetivou discutir a percepção de docentes do IFNMG campus Almenara acerca da Lei 10.639/2003 e revelar as opiniões sobre o tema. Trata-se de pesquisa aplicada, exploratória com abordagem descritiva e qualitativa. A coleta de dados se deu a partir de questionário via Google Forms. Como resultado, percebe-se que o tema não recebe a devida atenção. Em relação às percepções, ressalta-se que não há, por parte do estado, oferta de formação docente para conhecimento da legislação que conduz a demandas e isso deixa de ser disponibilizado aos alunos. Assim, em vez de trabalhar na direção do combate às forças racistas, a educação adia esse compromisso e contribui para a perpetuação desse fenômeno. Logo, a escola precisa oferecer formação e defender a pauta da equidade racial e social.