bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvement of field-deployable metagenomic virus detection by a simple pretreatment method
Authors: Fomsgaard Anna S. , Rasmussen Morten , Spiess Katja , Fomsgaard Anders , Belsham Graham J. , Fonager Jannik
Published: January 2022

As both the current COVID-19 pandemic and earlier pandemics have shown, animals are the source for some of the deadliest viral pathogens, which can spread to humans. Therefore, early detection at the point of incidence is crucial to both prevent and understand the threats posed to human health from pathogens in animal reservoirs. Often, the exact genetic nature of these zoonotic pathogens is unknown and advanced laboratory facilities do not exist in most field settings and therefore the development of methods for unbiased metagenomic and point of incidence detection is crucial in order to identify novel viral pathogens in animals with zoonotic and pandemic potential.

Here we addressed some of these issues by developing a metagenomic Nanopore next-generation sequencing (mNGS) method for nucleic acids extracted from clinical samples from patients with SARS-CoV-2. To reduce the non-RNA viral genetic components in the samples, we used DNase pretreatment in a syringe followed by filtration and found that these pretreatments increased the number of SARS-CoV2 reads by > 500-fold compared with no pretreatment.

The simple protocol, described here, allows for fast (within 6 hours) metagenomic detection of RNA viruses in biological samples exemplified by SARS-CoV-2 detection in clinical throat swabs. This method could also be applied in field settings for point of incidence detection of virus pathogens, thus eliminating the need for transport of infectious samples, cold storage and a specialized laboratory.

Highlights

Here we present a field-deployable metagenomic Nanopore protocol for RNA virus detection.

SARS-CoV-2 detection used as proof-of-concept.

Analysis of simple methods for non-viral nucleic acid depletion were tested on SARS-CoV-2 clinical samples.

DNase I treatment followed by 0.22µM syringe filtration dramatically increased the number of SARS-CoV-2 reads and virus genome coverage.
An in vitro and computational validation of a novel loss-of-functional mutation in PAX9 associated with non-syndromic tooth agenesis
Authors: Sarkar Tanmoy , Ranjan Prashant , Kanathur Smitha , Gupta Ankush , Das Parimal
Published: January 2022

Congenital tooth agenesis (CTA) is one of the most common craniofacial anomalies. Its frequency varies among different population depending upon the genetic heterogeneity. CTA could be of familial or sporadic and syndromic or non-syndromic. Five major genes are found to be associated with non-syndromic CTA namely, PAX9, MSX1, EDA1, AXIN2 and WNT10A. In this study, an India family with CTA was investigated and a novel c.336C>G variation was identified in the exon 3 of PAX9, leading to substitution of evolutionary conserved Cys with Trp at 112 amino acid position located at the functionally significant DNA binding paired domain region. Functional analysis revealed that p.Cys112Trp mutation did not prevent the nuclear localization although mutant protein had higher cytoplasmic retention. EMSA using e5 probe revealed that mutant protein was unable to bind with the paired-domain binding site. Subsequently, GST pull-down assay revealed lower binding activity of the mutant protein with its known interactor MSX1. Further RNA-sequencing of PAX9 over-expressed HEK293, identified two potential novel targets, WNT4 and WNT7b those are up-regulated by wild-type PAX9 but not by mutant. These in vitro results were consistent with the computational results. The in vitro and computational observations altogether suggest that c.336C>G (p.Cys112Trp) variation leads to loss-of-function of PAX9 leading to CTA in this family.
Loss of p53 tumor suppression function drives invasion and genomic instability in models of murine pancreatic cancer
Authors: Tonelli Claudia , Deschênes Astrid , Yao Melissa A. , Park Youngkyu , Tuveson David A.
Published: January 2022

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a deadly disease with few treatment options. There is an urgent need to better understand the molecular mechanisms that drive disease progression, with the ultimate aim of identifying early detection markers and clinically actionable targets. To investigate the transcriptional and morphological changes associated with pancreatic cancer progression, we analyzed the KrasLSLG12D/+; Trp53LSLR172H/+; Pdx1-Cre (KPC) mouse model. We have identified an intermediate cellular event during pancreatic carcinogenesis in the KPC mouse model of PDA that is represented by a subpopulation of tumor cells that express KrasG12D, p53R172H and one allele of wild-type Trp53. In vivo, these cells represent a histological spectrum of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) and rarely proliferate. Following loss of wild-type p53, these precursor lesions undergo malignant de-differentiation and acquire invasive features. We have established matched organoid cultures of pre-invasive and invasive cells from murine PDA. Expression profiling of the organoids led to the identification of markers of the pre-invasive cancer cells in vivo and mechanisms of disease aggressiveness.
Novel enhancers of guanylyl cyclase-A activity via allosteric modulation
Authors: Andresen Henriette , Pérez-Ternero Cristina , Robinson Jerid , Dickey Deborah M , Hobbs Adrian J , Potter Lincoln R , Levy Finn Olav , Cataliotti Alessandro , Moltzau Lise Román
Published: January 2022

Natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR)-A (also known as NPR-A, NPR1 or guanylyl cyclase-A, GC-A) is an attractive but challenging target to activate with small molecules. GC-A is activated by endogenous atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and this activation leads to the production of 3’,5’-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). This system plays an important role in the regulation of cardiovascular and renal homeostasis. However, utilization of this receptor as a drug target has so far been limited to peptides, even though small molecule modulators allow oral administration and longer half-life. We have identified small molecular allosteric enhancers of GC-A, which strengthened ANP or BNP activation in various in vitro and ex vivo systems. These compounds do not mediate their actions through previously described allosteric binding sites or via known mechanisms of action. In addition, their selectivity and activity are dependent on only one amino acid in GC-A. Our findings show that there is a novel allosteric binding site on GC-A, which can be targeted by small molecules that increase the signaling effects of ANP and BNP.
NeoRdRp: A comprehensive dataset for identifying RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of various RNA viruses from metatranscriptomic data
Authors: Sakaguchi Shoichi , Urayama Syun-ichi , Takaki Yoshihiro , Hirosuna Kensuke , Wu Hong , Suzuki Youichi , Nunoura Takuro , Nakano Takashi , Nakagawa So
Published: January 2022

RNA viruses are distributed throughout various environments, and most RNA viruses have recently been identified by metatranscriptome sequencing. However, due to the high nucleotide diversity of RNA viruses, it is still challenging to identify novel RNA viruses from metatranscriptome data. To overcome this issue, we created a dataset of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domains that are essential for all RNA viruses belonging to Orthornavirae. Genes with RdRp domains from various RNA viruses were clustered based on their amino acid sequence similarity. For each cluster, a multiple sequence alignment was generated, and a hidden Markov model (HMM) profile was created if the number of sequences was greater than three. We further refined the 426 HMM profiles by detecting the RefSeq RNA virus sequences and subsequently combined the hit sequences with the RdRp domains. As a result, a total of 1,182 HMM profiles were generated from 12,502 RdRp domain sequences, and the dataset was named NeoRdRp. Almost all NeoRdRp HMM profiles successfully detected RdRp domains, specifically in the UniProt dataset. Furthermore, we compared the NeoRdRp dataset with two previously reported methods for RNA virus detection using metatranscriptome sequencing data. Our methods successfully identified most of the RNA viruses in the datasets; however, some RNA viruses were not detected, as in the cases of the other two methods. The NeoRdRp can be repeatedly improved by adding new RdRp sequences and is applicable as a system for detecting various RNA viruses from diverse metatranscriptome data.
The gut microbiota affects the social network of honeybees
Authors: Liberti Joanito , Kay Tomas , Quinn Andrew , Kesner Lucie , Frank Erik T. , Cabirol Amélie , Richardson Thomas O. , Engel Philipp , Keller Laurent
Published: January 2022

The gut microbiota influences animal neurophysiology and behavior but has not previously been documented to affect emergent group-level behaviors. Here we combine gut microbiota manipulation with automated behavioral tracking of honeybee sub-colonies to show that the microbiota increases the rate and specialization of social interactions. Microbiota colonization was associated with higher abundances of one third of metabolites detected in the brain, including several amino acids, and a subset of these metabolites were significant predictors of social interactions. Colonization also affected brain transcriptional processes related to amino acid metabolism and epigenetic modification in a brain region involved in sensory perception. These results demonstrate that the gut microbiota modulates the emergent colony social network of honeybees, likely via changes in chromatin accessibility and amino acid biosynthesis.
Discovery of a MUC3B gene reconstructs the membrane mucin gene cluster on human chromosome 7
Authors: Lang Tiange , Pelaseyed Thaher
Published: January 2022

Human tissue surfaces are coated with mucins, a family of macromolecular sugar-laden proteins serving diverse functions from lubrication to formation of selective biochemical barriers against harmful microorganisms and molecules. Membrane mucins are a distinct group of mucins that are attached to epithelial cell surfaces where they create a dense glycocalyx facing the extracellular environment. All mucin proteins carry long stretches of tandemly repeated sequences that undergo extensive O-linked glycosylation to form linear mucin domains. However, the repetitive nature of mucin domains makes them prone to recombination and render their genetic sequences particularly difficult to read with standard sequencing technologies. As a result, human mucin genes suffer from significant sequence gaps that have hampered investigation of gene function in health and disease. Here we leveraged a recent human genome assembly to identify a previously unmapped MUC3B gene located within a cluster of four structurally related membrane mucin genes that we entitle the MUC3 cluster at q22 locus in chromosome 7. We found that MUC3B shares high sequence identity with the known MUC3A gene, and that the two genes are governed by evolutionarily conserved regulatory elements. Furthermore, we show that MUC3A, MUC3B, MUC12 and MUC17 in the human MUC3 cluster are exclusively expressed in intestinal epithelial cells. Our results complete existing genetic gaps in the MUC3 cluster that is a conserved genetic unit during primate evolution. We anticipate our results to be the starting point for detection of new polymorphisms in the MUC3 cluster associated with human diseases. Moreover, our study provides the basis for exploration of intestinal mucin gene function in widely used experimental models such as human intestinal organoids and genetic mouse models.
The 24-chain core-shell nanostructure of wood cellulose microfibrils in seed plants
Authors: Chang Chih-Hui , Cai Wenjie , Lin Jer-Horng , Huang Shing-Jong , Lin Ying-Chung Jimmy , Tsao Cheng-Si , Tai Hwan-Ching
Published: January 2022

Wood cellulose microfibrils (CMFs) are the most abundant organic substance on earth, but their nanostructures are poorly understood. There are controversies regarding the glucan chain number (N) of CMFs during initial synthesis and whether they become fused afterwards. Here, we combined small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses to resolve these controversies. We successfully developed SAXS measurement methods for the cross-section aspect ratio and area of the crystalline-ordered CMF core, which showed higher density than the semi-disordered shell. The 1:1 aspect ratio suggested that CMFs remain mostly segregated, not fused. The area measurement revealed the chain number in the core zone (Ncore). The ratio of ordered cellulose over total cellulose, termed Roc, was determined by ssNMR. Using the formula N = Ncore / Roc, we found that the majority of wood CMFs contain 24 chains, conserved between gymnosperm and angiosperm trees. The average wood CMF has a crystalline-ordered core of ∼2.2 nm diameter and a semi-disordered shell of ∼0.5 nm thickness. In naturally and artificially aged wood, we only observed CMF aggregation (contact without crystalline continuity) but not fusion (forming conjoined crystalline unit). This further argued against the existence of partially fused CMFs in new wood, overturning the recently proposed 18-chain fusion hypothesis. Our findings are important for advancing wood structural knowledge and more efficient utilization of wood resources in sustainable bio-economies.
Parasite defensive limb movements enhance signal attraction in male little torrent frogs: insight into the evolution of multimodal signals
Authors: Zhao Longhui , Wang Jichao , Zhang Haodi , Wang Tongliang , Yang Yue , Tang Yezhong , Halfwerk Wouter , Cui Jianguo
Published: January 2022

Many animals rely on complex sexual signals that target multiple senses to attract mates and repel rivals. These multimodal mating displays can however also attract unintended receivers, which can be an important driver of signal complexity. Despite being taxonomically widespread, we often lack insight into how multimodal signals evolve from unimodal signals and in particular what roles unintended eavesdroppers play. Here we assess whether the physical movements of parasite defense behavior increase the complexity and attractiveness of an acoustic sexual signal in the little torrent frog (Amolops torrentis). Calling males of this species often display limb movements in order to defend against blood-sucking parasites such as frog-biting midges that eavesdrop on their acoustic signal. Through mate choice tests we show that some of these midge-evoked movements influence female preference for acoustic signals. Our data suggest that midge-induced movements may be incorporated into a sexual display, targeting both hearing and vision in the intended receiver. Females may play an important role in incorporating these multiple components because they prefer signals which combine multiple programs. Our results thus help to understand the relationship between ecological and sexual selection pressure operating on signalers and how in turn this may influence multimodal signal evolution.
Cell type-specific interpretation of noncoding variants using deep learning-based methods
Authors: Sindeeva Maria , Chekanov Nikolay , Avetisian Manvel , Baranov Nikita , Malkin Elian , Lapin Alexander , Kardymon Olga , Fishman Veniamin
Published: January 2022

Interpretation of non-coding genomic variants is one of the most important challenges in human genetics. Machine learning methods have emerged recently as a powerful tool to solve this problem. State-of-the-art approaches allow prediction of transcriptional and epigenetic effects caused by non-coding mutations. However, these approaches require specific experimental data for training and can not generalize across cell types where required features were not experimentally measured. We show here that available epigenetic characteristics of human cell types are extremely sparse, limiting those approaches that rely on specific epigenetic input. We propose a new neural network architecture, DeepCT, which can learn complex interconnections of epigenetic features and infer unmeasured data from any available input. Furthermore, we show that DeepCT can learn cell type-specific properties, build biologically meaningful vector representations of cell types and utilize these representations to generate cell type-specific predictions of the effects of non-coding variations in the human genome.
INFLUENCE OF RAT CENTRAL THALAMIC NEURONS ON FORAGING BEHAVIOR IN A HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Herzallah Mohammad M. , Amir Alon , Paré Denis
Published: January 2022

The basolateral amygdala (BL) is a major regulator of foraging behavior. Following BL inactivation, rats become indifferent to predators. However, at odds with the view that the amygdala detects threats and generate defensive behaviors, most BL neurons have reduced firing rates during foraging and at proximity of the predator. In search of the signals determining this unexpected activity pattern, this study considered the contribution of the central medial thalamic nucleus (CMT), which sends a strong projection to BL, mostly targeting its principal neurons. Inactivation of CMT or BL with muscimol abolished the rats’ normally cautious behavior in the foraging task. Moreover, unit recordings revealed that CMT neurons showed large but heterogeneous activity changes during the foraging task, with many neurons decreasing or increasing their discharge rates, with a modest bias for the latter. A generalized linear model revealed that CMT neurons encode many of the same task variables as principal BL cells. However, the nature (inhibitory vs. excitatory) and relative magnitude of the activity modulations seen in CMT neurons differed markedly from those of principal BL cells but were very similar to those of fast-spiking BL interneurons. Together, these findings suggest that, during the foraging task, CMT inputs fire some principal BL neurons, recruiting feedback interneurons in BL, resulting in the widespread inhibition of principal BL cells.
Distinctly lonely: how loneliness at work varies by status in organizations
Authors: Silard Anthony , Wright Sarah
Published: January 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to study the differing pathways to loneliness in managers and their employees. Literature on emotions in organizational life, organizational management and leadership and loneliness are explored to develop and test hypotheses regarding the differential prototypical scripts that can be generative of loneliness in managers and employees.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 28 managers and 235 employees from a horticultural company based in Mexico were surveyed, using measures of perceived connection quality, loneliness and meaningful work to test three hypotheses.

Findings

Data from 28 managers and 235 staff indicate that while loneliness scores do not significantly differ between managers and their subordinates, the predictors of loneliness differ between managers and employees, with emotional connection and mutuality predicting loneliness in employees but not in managers.

Originality/value

This paper adds specification to the literatures on workplace loneliness, the loneliness associated with management roles, emotions in organizational life and emotions and leadership. The findings are discussed in relation to the literature on manager-subordinate relationships.
The efficacy and tolerability of pharmacologically active interventions for alcohol‐induced hangover symptomatology: a systematic review of the evidence from randomised placebo‐controlled trials
Authors: Roberts Emmert , Smith Rachel , Hotopf Matthew , Drummond Colin
Published: January 2022

Aims

To compare quantitatively the efficacy and tolerability of pharmacologically active interventions in the treatment and prevention of alcohol‐induced hangover.

Methods

Systematic review of placebo‐controlled randomised trials in healthy adults that evaluated any pharmacologically active intervention in the treatment or prevention of hangover. We searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and CENTRAL from database inception until 1 August 2021. The primary efficacy outcome was any continuous measure of overall hangover symptoms and the primary tolerability outcome the number of people dropping out because of adverse events (AEs). Quality was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework.

Results

A total of 21 studies were included reporting on 386 participants. No two studies reported on the same intervention; as such, meta‐analysis could not be undertaken. Methodological concerns and imprecision resulted in all studied efficacy outcomes being rated as very low quality. When compared with placebo, individual studies reported a statistically significant reduction in the mean percentage overall hangover symptom score for clove extract (42.5% vs 19.0%, P < 0.001), tolfenamic acid (84.0% vs 50.0%, P < 0.001), pyritinol (34.1% vs 16.2%, P < 0.01), Hovenia dulcis fruit extract (P = 0.029), L‐cysteine (P = 0.043), red ginseng (21.1% vs 14.0%, P < 0.05) and Korean pear juice (41.5% vs 33.3%, P < 0.05). All studied tolerability outcomes were of low or very low quality with no studies reporting any drop‐outs because of AEs.

Conclusions

Only very low quality evidence of efficacy is available to recommend any pharmacologically active intervention for the treatment or prevention of alcohol‐induced hangover. Of the limited interventions studied, all had favourable tolerability profiles and very low quality evidence suggests clove extract, tolfenamic acid and pyritinol may most warrant further study.
Mutual Exclusivity in Pragmatic Agents
Authors: Ohmer Xenia , Franke Michael , König Peter
Published: January 2022

One of the great challenges in word learning is that words are typically uttered in a context with many potential referents. Children's tendency to associate novel words with novel referents, which is taken to reflect a mutual exclusivity (ME) bias, forms a useful disambiguation mechanism. We study semantic learning in pragmatic agents—combining the Rational Speech Act model with gradient‐based learning—and explore the conditions under which such agents show an ME bias. This approach provides a framework for investigating a pragmatic account of the ME bias in humans but also for building artificial agents that display an ME bias. A series of analyses demonstrates striking parallels between our model and human word learning regarding several aspects relevant to the ME bias phenomenon: online inference, long‐term learning, and developmental effects. By testing different implementations, we find that two components, pragmatic online inference and incremental collection of evidence for one‐to‐one correspondences between words and referents, play an important role in modeling the developmental trajectory of the ME bias. Finally, we outline an extension of our model to a deep neural network architecture that can process more naturalistic visual and linguistic input. Until now, in contrast to children, deep neural networks have needed indirect access to (supposed to be novel) test inputs during training to display an ME bias. Our model is the first one to do so without using this manipulation.
A Holey Perspective on Venn Diagrams
Authors: Bartel Anna N. , Lande Kevin J. , Roos Joris , Schloss Karen B.
Published: January 2022

When interpreting the meanings of visual features in information visualizations, observers have expectations about how visual features map onto concepts (inferred mappings.) In this study, we examined whether aspects of inferred mappings that have been previously identified for colormap data visualizations generalize to a different type of visualization, Venn diagrams. Venn diagrams offer an interesting test case because empirical evidence about the nature of inferred mappings for colormaps suggests that established conventions for Venn diagrams are counterintuitive. Venn diagrams represent classes using overlapping circles and express logical relationships between those classes by shading out regions to encode the concept of non‐existence, or none. We propose that people do not simply expect shading to signify non‐existence, but rather they expect regions that appear as holes to signify non‐existence (the hole hypothesis.) The appearance of a hole depends on perceptual properties in the diagram in relation to its background. Across three experiments, results supported the hole hypothesis, underscoring the importance of configural processing for interpreting the meanings of visual features in information visualizations.
Relevance of the perioperative edema index measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis for prediction of cardiovascular disease in living‐donor kidney transplantation
Authors: Nishimura Nobutaka , Hori Shunta , Tomizawa Mitsuru , Yoneda Tatsuo , Nakai Yasushi , Miyake Makito , Torimoto Kazumasa , Tanaka Nobumichi , Fujimoto Kiyohide
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Perioperative management of fluid status during kidney transplantation is important, because volume overload can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in recipients. The edema index calculated by bioelectrical impedance analysis is commonly used to correctly evaluate fluid status. We evaluated the relevance of the edema index for cardiovascular disease in kidney transplant recipients, and searched for predictors of high edema index in the perioperative period during kidney transplantation.

Methods

A total of 88 recipients were included in this study. The group in which the edema index at discharge was >0.40 was termed as the “high edema index group”, and that with ≤0.40 was termed as the “low edema index group”. We assessed cardiovascular disease‐free survival and cardiovascular disease‐specific survival in the two groups by using Cox proportional regression analyses adjusted by inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis. The patients’ background and conventional cardiovascular disease risk factors were assessed to estimate predictors for a high edema index.

Results

A high edema index was significantly associated with short cardiovascular disease‐free survival after kidney transplantation (hazard ratio 10.01; P < 0.05) in the inverse probability of treatment weighting model. There were no significant differences in the cardiovascular disease‐specific survival. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, non‐pre‐emptive kidney transplantation and dyslipidemia were significant independent predictors of a high edema index (odds ratio 3.59, P < 0.05 and odds ratio 4.05, P < 0.01, respectively).

Conclusions

A high edema index is associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Overhydration should be especially avoided in recipients with these factors, and their fluid volume should be carefully managed.
Understanding Differences in Wayfinding Strategies
Authors: Hegarty Mary , He Chuanxiuyue , Boone Alexander P. , Yu Shuying , Jacobs Emily G. , Chrastil Elizabeth R.
Published: January 2022

Navigating to goal locations in a known environment (wayfinding) can be accomplished by different strategies, notably by taking habitual, well‐learned routes (response strategy) or by inferring novel paths, such as shortcuts, from spatial knowledge of the environment's layout (place strategy). Human and animal neuroscience studies reveal that these strategies reflect different brain systems, with response strategies relying more on activation of the striatum and place strategies associated with activation of the hippocampus. In addition to individual differences in strategy, recent behavioral studies show sex differences such that men use place strategies more than women, and age differences such that older adults use more response strategies than younger adults. This paper takes a comprehensive multilevel approach to understanding these differences, characterizing wayfinding as a complex information processing task. This analysis reveals factors that affect navigation strategy, including availability of the relevant type of environmental knowledge, momentary access to this knowledge, trade‐offs between physical and mental effort in different navigation contexts, and risk taking. We consider how strategies are influenced by the computational demands of a navigation task and by factors that affect the neural circuits underlying navigation. We also discuss limitations of laboratory studies to date and outline priorities for future research, including relating wayfinding strategies to independent measures of spatial knowledge, and studying wayfinding strategies in naturalistic environments.
Opinions of Students of the Teaching of Vocational Subject and Practical Training Study Programme on the Teaching Practice in the First Wave of the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Bendová Alena , Horáčková Marie
Published: January 2022

The main goal of this work is to present opinions of students of Teaching of Vocational Subjects and Practical Training on the teaching practice in the new circumstances during the coronavirus pandemic in the spring of 2020. The first part describes the conditions valid before the start of quarantine as well as the changes that have taken place to enable students to successfully complete teaching practice in the standard period of study. The second part of this work presents the results of qualitative research conducted by performing interviews with 36 students of Teaching of Vocational Subjects and Practical Training and analyzing their diaries from the teaching practice. Qualitative analysis of the data revealed four categories: “situation perceived as a welcomed change”, “change of the opinion on virtual teaching observation”, “sort of different preparation for a lesson”, “virtual teacher- autodidact”. We have confirmed that a video recording to fully replace face-to-face teacher training at school and that digital competencies of students of the programme (teachers-in-training) are not satisfactory and we also found out that short videos may be used for the post-Covid period for regular training of students of the programme.
Errata - Didactics in Vocational Education in the Czech Republic – Current Situation and Perspectives
Authors: Pecina Pavel , Marinič Peter
Published: January 2022

Article first published 30 September 2021 in: PECINA PAVEL, MARINIČ PETER. 2021. Oborové didaktiky v odborném vzdělávání v České republice – aktuální stav a perspektivy. Lifelong Learning - celoživotní vzdělávání, 11 (2): 147–171. https://doi.org/10.11118/lifele20211102147.
Case Analysis and Thinking of Scheme Analysis Based on Mobile New Systems in Psychological Education
Authors: Ko Chun-Hung , Tang Shun , Shen Yucheng
Published: January 2022

Education has improved the ideological style of society, improved people’s spiritual quality, and improved people’s lifestyle, provided sincere principles for people’s enthusiasm, and provided goals and political power for people’s ideals and contemporary thinking. Thinking diagrams are a teaching method that helps people sort out their ideas and solve difficult problems and can clearly connect the relationships between various concepts. This article is intended to explore the auxiliary effects of case analysis and thinking in psychological education in the context of mobile new systems. Through a series of research methods such as literature research method, action research method, mathematical statistics method, etc., finally 110 elementary and middle school students with psychological problems in a city conducted an experimental survey, and SPSS software was used to analyze and research the statistical results. The experimental results of this article show that psychological teachers use mental icons to provide psychological counseling to students with psychological problems. The success rate of counseling can be increased by 5–10%. It can be seen that an effective method of thinking diagram education can promote the better development of students, and it can also help more teenagers with psychological problems to get rid of psychological barriers.
Application of Blockchain Technology in Value Chain of Procurement in Manufacturing Enterprises
Authors: Wang Yang , Men Sichun , Guo Tingting
Published: January 2022

Blockchain technology, as a database which combines encryption algorithm, smart contract, consensus mechanism, time stamp, and other technologies, has received wide attention from all walks of life and can be used to solve such problems as asymmetric, incomplete, and untimely information in both interenterprise transactions and enterprise internal control management as a good solution owing to its characteristics of decentralization, traceability, and tamper‐proofness. Consequently, it is worthy of studying how to apply blockchain technology to daily business activities of enterprises. In this paper, some problems existing in the value chain activities of the enterprise internal procurement are analyzed by designing the solutions to requisition, warehousing, and payment based on blockchain technology, in which the Hyperledger Fabric platform is selected as an implementation tool to simulate some purchasing data for testing procedures. After the successful test, the research conclusions and research prospects of this paper are thus proposed, proving the feasibility of applying the blockchain technology to the internal value chain management of the enterprise, which provides reference for the construction of the internal value chain management of the enterprise by the blockchain.
MicroRNA-603 Promotes Progression of Cutaneous Melanoma by Regulating TBX5
Authors: Dong Xianghua , Wang Ying , Qu Yan , Liu Junru , Feng Xien , Xu Xuechao
Published: January 2022

Background. Although studies manifested that microRNA-603 plays a vital role in many cancers, the modulatory mechanism of microRNA-603 in cutaneous melanoma remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the roles of microRNA-603 in cutaneous melanoma cells. Methods. First, microRNA-603 expression in cutaneous melanoma cell lines was detected by qRT-PCR. The mRNA and protein expression levels of TBX5 in cutaneous melanoma cell lines were tested by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. In addition, the interaction between microRNA-603 and TBX5 was determined by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, and their impacts on the growth of cutaneous melanoma cells were detected by cellular function experiments such as MTT, colony formation, and Transwell assays. Results. The expression level of microRNA-603 in human cutaneous melanoma cells was relatively upregulated. Overexpressing microRNA-603 could promote progression of cutaneous melanoma cells, while silencing microRNA-603 expression could suppress the malignant progression of cutaneous melanoma. In addition, TBX5 was lowly expressed in cutaneous melanoma cells. As confirmed by dual-luciferase assay, microRNA-603 could specifically bind to 3

′

UTR of TBX5 and regulate TBX5. The results of the rescue experiment demonstrated that inhibiting microRNA-603 expression could suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cutaneous melanoma cells, but its suppressive effect could be restored by TBX5. Conclusion. MicroRNA-603 could regulate the expression of TBX5, thus promoting the malignant progression of cutaneous melanoma cells.
Epidemiology of Respiratory Pathogens in Children with Severe Acute Respiratory Infection and Impact of the Multiplex PCR Film Array Respiratory Panel: A 2-Year Study
Authors: Lamrani Hanchi Asmae , Guennouni Morad , Rachidi Meriem , Benhoumich Toufik , Bennani Hind , Bourrous Mounir , Maoulainine Fadl Mrabih Rabou , Younous Said , Bouskraoui Mohamed , Soraa Nabila
Published: January 2022

Sever acute respiratory infections (SARIs) are a public health issue that are common in children and are associated with an important morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. Although SARI are mainly caused by viruses, they are still a cause of antibiotic overuse. The use of molecular methods especially real-time multiplex PCR allowed to detect a wide range of respiratory viruses and their subtype as well as some atypical bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of respiratory pathogens detected in children admitted with SARI and to highlight the role of real-time multiplex PCR in the rapid diagnosis of viral and bacterial SARI. This work is a descriptive observational study from January 2018 to December 2019 including nasopharyngeal secretions collected from 534 children hospitalised in paediatric department. The detection of respiratory viruses and bacteria was performed by the FilmArray® Respiratory Panel. A total of 387 (72.5%) children were tested positive for at least one respiratory pathogen, and 23.3% of them were coinfected with more than one pathogen. Viral aetiology was found in 91.2% (n = 340). The most common viruses detected were HRV (n = 201) and RSV (n = 124), followed by PIV (n = 35) influenza A (n = 29) and human metapneumovirus (n = 27). Bacteria was found in 8.8% (n = 47), and Bordetella pertussis was the most detected. Respiratory syncytial virus and Bordetella pertussis were significantly higher in infants less than 6 months old. The detection of RSV and influenza A presented a pic in winter, and HMPV was statistically significant in spring (

p
<
0.01

). This study described the epidemiology of respiratory pathogens involved in severe respiratory infections in children that were affected by several factors such as season and age group. It also highlighted the importance of multiplex PCR in confirming viral origin, thus avoiding irrational prescription of antibiotics in paediatric settings.
A Fault Diagnosis Method of Rolling Mill Bearing at Low Frequency and Overload Condition Based on Integration of EEMD and GA-DBN
Authors: Ji Jiang , Zhao Chen , Wang Yongqin , Zhao Tuanmin , Zhang Xinyou
Published: January 2022

To solve the problems of difficult fault signal recognition and poor diagnosis effect of different damage in the same position in rolling mill bearing at low speed, a fault diagnosis method of rolling mill bearing based on integration of EEMD and DBN was proposed. The vibration signals in horizontal, axial, and vertical directions were decomposed and reconstructed by EEMD, and frequency domain analysis was carried out by using refined spectrum. Then, the signal's time-frequency domain index, rolling force, and torque component feature vector were input into genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize DBN model classification. In order to verify the effectiveness of the method, the experimental study was carried out on the two-high experimental rolling mill. The results show that EEMD combined with thinning spectrum can solve the problem of fault feature extraction well. Compared with time-frequency domain characteristic input, the prediction accuracy of DBN model is obviously improved. And the accuracy of GA-DBN model is higher, and the accuracy is 98.3%, and the time taken to diagnose is significantly reduced. Finally, the fault classification of different parts of bearings and the fault diagnosis of different damage in the same part are realized, which provides a good theoretical basis for the fault diagnosis of low-speed bearings and has important engineering significance.
Towards the Coupling Coordination Relationship between Economic Growth Quality and Environmental Regulation: An Empirical Case Study of China
Authors: Huang Huan , Wang Fan , Xiao Yi , Kuang Jiaxin
Published: January 2022

With the deterioration of the global climate, there is consensus that the environment and economy must develop in coordination. Effective environmental regulation (ER) is an important incentive of environmental protection, and there is a clear interaction mechanism between it and the economic growth quality (EGQ). In order to explore the intrinsic link between ER and EGQ, this study establishes a comprehensive evaluation index system from the research perspective of the coupling coordination degree (CCD). Based on the panel data of 30 provincial administrative regions in mainland China (excluding Tibet), from 2004 to 2017, the entropy method, coupling coordination model, and spatial econometric model are used to explore the CCD and the factors influencing the CCD of ER and EGQ. The key findings of this study were as follows: (1) The CCD of ER and EGQ system showed an upward trend in the fluctuation from 2004 to 2017. (2) In 2017, Beijing showed good coordination, Yunnan and Qinghai showed primary coordination, and the rest of the provinces showed moderate coordination. (3) The CCD of different regions in China is uneven. (4) Per capita GDP, per capita FDI, ER intensity, and industrial structure adjustment have promoting effects on the CCD, while per capita investment in fixed assets and environmental pressure have inhibiting effects on the CCD. Our conclusions are significant for promoting the integrated development of regional economy and ecological civilization, and provide a theoretical reference for other countries and regions to explore the relationship between ER and EGQ.
Association of High Calcitriol Serum Levels and Its Hydroxylation Efficiency Ratio with Disease Risk in SLE Patients with Vitamin D Deficiency
Authors: Meza-Meza Mónica R. , Muñoz-Valle José Francisco , Ruiz-Ballesteros Adolfo I. , Vizmanos-Lamotte Barbara , Parra-Rojas Isela , Martínez-López Erika , Oregon-Romero Edith , Márquez-Sandoval Yolanda Fabiola , Cerpa-Cruz Sergio , de la Cruz-Mosso Ulises
Published: January 2022

Vitamin D (calcidiol) deficiency in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is more frequent than in healthy subjects (HS); it is associated with clinical activity and damage in SLE. Although calcidiol is considered the best indicator of the vitamin D serum status, its deficiency could not reflect its hydroxylation efficiency ratio and calcitriol serum status. This study was aimed at assessing the association of calcidiol and calcitriol serum levels and its hydroxylation efficiency ratio with the risk to clinical and renal disease activities in SLE patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 308 SLE and HS women; calcidiol and calcitriol serum levels were evaluated by immunoassays. SLE patients showed lower calcidiol serum levels vs. HS (21.2 vs. 24.2 ng/mL;

p
<
0.001

). Active SLE patients presented higher calcidiol/calcitriol ratio scores vs. inactive SLE patients (2.78 vs. 1.92 pg/ng;

p
=
0.02

), and SLE patients with renal disease activity showed a pattern of calcidiol-deficient levels (19.5 vs. 25.3 ng/mL;

p
<
0.04

) with higher calcitriol levels (47 pg/mL vs. 41.5 pg/mL;

p
=
0.02

) and calcidiol/calcitriol ratio scores (2.13 vs. 1.54 pg/ng;

p
<
0.02

) compared to SLE patients without renal disease activity. Calcidiol levels were negatively correlated with calcitriol levels (

r
=
−
0.26

;

p
=
0.001

) and urine proteins (mg/dL) (

r
=
−
0.39

;

p
<
0.01

). Regarding calcitriol levels, it was positively correlated with the blood lymphocyte count (

r
=
0.30

;

p
<
0.001

) and negatively correlated with the glomerular filtration rate (

r
=
−
0.28

;

p
=
0.001

). Moreover, the calcitriol/calcidiol ratio was positively correlated with urine proteins (

r
=
0.38

;

p
<
0.01

). The calcidiol deficiency (

OR
=
2.27

; 95%

CI
=
1.15

-4.49;

p
<
0.01

), high calcitriol levels (

T

3

rd

,

OR
=
4.19

, 95%

CI
=
2.23

-7.90;

p
<
0.001

), and a high calcitriol/calcidiol ratio score (

T

3

rd

,

OR
=
5.93

, 95% CI: 3.08-11.5;

p
<
0.001

) were associated with the risk for SLE. In conclusion, a pattern of calcidiol deficiency with high calcitriol serum levels and a high vitamin D hydroxylation efficiency ratio was associated with disease risk in SLE patients.
Load Balancing Routing Algorithm of Low‐Orbit Communication Satellite Network Traffic Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Liu Tie , Sun Chenhua , Zhang Yasheng
Published: January 2022

Satellite communication has become an important research trend in the field of communication technology. Low‐orbit satellites have always been the focus of extensive attention by scholars due to their wide coverage, strong flexibility, and freedom from geographical constraints. This article introduces some technologies about low‐orbit satellites and introduces a routing algorithm DDPG based on machine learning for simulation experiments. The performance of this algorithm is compared with the performance of three commonly used low‐orbit satellite routing algorithms, and a conclusion is drawn. The routing algorithm based on machine learning has the smallest average delay, and the average value is 126 ms under different weights. Its packet loss rate is the smallest, with an average of 2.9%. Its throughput is the largest, with an average of 201.7 Mbps; its load distribution index is the smallest, with an average of 0.54. In summary, the performance of routing algorithms based on machine learning is better than general algorithms.
Block Storage Optimization and Parallel Data Processing and Analysis of Product Big Data Based on the Hadoop Platform
Authors: Wang Yajun , Cheng Shengming , Zhang Xinchen , Leng Junyu , Liu Jun
Published: January 2022

The traditional distributed database storage architecture has the problems of low efficiency and storage capacity in managing data resources of seafood products. We reviewed various storage and retrieval technologies for the big data resources. A block storage layout optimization method based on the Hadoop platform and a parallel data processing and analysis method based on the MapReduce model are proposed. A multireplica consistent hashing algorithm based on data correlation and spatial and temporal properties is used in the parallel data processing and analysis method. The data distribution strategy and block size adjustment are studied based on the Hadoop platform. A multidata source parallel join query algorithm and a multi-channel data fusion feature extraction algorithm based on data-optimized storage are designed for the big data resources of seafood products according to the MapReduce parallel frame work. Practical verification shows that the storage optimization and data-retrieval methods provide supports for constructing a big data resource-management platform for seafood products and realize efficient organization and management of the big data resources of seafood products. The execution time of multidata source parallel retrieval is only 32% of the time of the standard Hadoop scheme, and the execution time of the multichannel data fusion feature extraction algorithm is only 35% of the time of the standard Hadoop scheme.
Computer-Aided Classification of New Psychoactive Substances
Authors: Bărbulescu Alina , Barbeș Lucica , Dumitriu Cristian-Ştefan
Published: January 2022

The appearance on the free market of synthetic cannabinoids raised the researchers’ interest in establishing their molecular similarity by QSAR analysis. A rigorous criterion for classifying drugs is their chemical structure. Therefore, this article presents the structural similarity of two groups of drugs: benzoylindoles and phenylacetylindoles. Statistical analysis and clustering of the molecules are performed based on their numerical characteristics extracted using Cheminformatics methods. Their similarities/dissimilarities are emphasized using the dendrograms and heat map. The highest discrepancies are found in the phenylacetylindoles group.