bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PENGAWASAN, KOMPENSASI DAN KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP DISIPLIN KERJA (STUDI PADA BUMDESA DI KABUPATEN BULELENG BALI)
Authors: Mekarsari Ni Ketut Adi , Gunawan Ketut , Suandana Nyoman
Published: August 2022

Berbagai kasus  penyimpangan tatakelola yang dilakukan oleh karyawan BUMDesa di Kabupaten Buleleng Bali menunjukkan rendahnya Disiplin Kerja Pegawai. Hasil Observasi secara per kasus menunjukkan adanya Pengawasan, Kompensasi dan Kepemimpinan yang masih lemah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Pengawasan, Kompensasi dan kepemimpinan terhadap Disiplin Kerja Karyawan pada  BUMDesa di Kabupaten Buleleng Bali. Teknik  pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi : Teknik observasi,   Wawancara,  Dokumentasi dan Kuesioner. Teknik Analisis data meliputi : a. Teknik Analisis Kuantitatif yang meliputi : 1). Uji Instrumen  : Uji Validitas  dan Uji Reliabilitas; 2).Uji Asumsi Klasik : Uji Normalitas, Uji Multikolonieritas, Uji Heteroskedastisitas; 3). Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda rumus : Ŷ = a + b1X1 + b2X2 + b3X3; 4).   Analisis Determinasi rumus :    D = R2 x 100%; 5).  Uji Hipotesis : Analisis T-test, Analisis F-test, Uji dominan. Hasil analisis  membuktikan terdapat pengaruh secara parsial dan simultan antara Pengawasan, Kompensasi dan Kepemimpinan terhadap Disiplin Kerja Karyawan pada Bumdesa di Kabupaten Buleleng. Variabel Kompensasi paling  dominan mempengaruhi Disiplin Kerja Karyawan pada Bumdesa Kabupaten Buleleng. Untuk itu disarankan agar manajemen Bumdesa meningkatkan Kebijakan terhadap Pengawasan, sistem kompensasi dan Kepemimpinan.
KOMPETENSI PEGAWAI, DISIPLIN KERJA DAN EFEKTIVITAS KERJA PEGAWAI PADA SEKRETARIAT DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT DAERAH KABUPATEN BULELENG
Authors: Purnawan Putu , Suardana Gede , Suandana Nyoman
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi dan disiplin kerja terhadap efektivitas kerja pegawai pada Sekretariat Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kabupaten Buleleng.  Populasi dalam penelitian adalah pegawai pada Dinas Pariwisata Kabupaten Buleleng, dan sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 64 orang dengan teknik sampling menggunakan rumus Slovin. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, interview atau wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis secara kuantitatif melalui analisis regresi berganda, determinasi, T-test, F-test dan analisis kualitatif. Hasil uji-t untuk variabel kompetensi (X1) diperoleh t-hitung sebesar 12,015 dengan probabilitas sebesar 0,000 yang nilainya di bawah 0,05. Dan t-hitung untuk variabel disiplin kerja sebesar 1,256 dengan probabilitas 0,002 yang nilainnya di bawah 0,05. Dengan demikian H1 dan H2 diterima, yang artinya secara parsial kompetensi (X1) dan disiplin kerja (X2) berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap efektivitas kerja pegawai (Y) pada Sekretariat Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kabupaten Buleleng. Sedangkan hasil uji-f diperoleh f-hitung sebesar 79,724 dengan probabilitas sebesar 0,000 yang nilainya di bawah 0,05. Dengan demikian menunjukkan bahwa semua variabel independen yaitu kompetensi pegawai (X1) dan disiplin kerja (X2) berpengaruh signifikan secara simultan terhadap efektivitas kerja pegawai (Y) pada Sekretariat Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kabupaten Buleleng. Hasil uji dominan menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi pegawai memiliki pengaruh yang lebih dominan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Sekretariat Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kabupaten Buleleng.
KUALITAS PELAYANAN, HARGA DAN KEPUASAN PASIEN PADA RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH KABUPATEN BULELENG
Authors: Sudari Luh
Published: August 2022

Rumah sakit perlu melakukan analisis kekuatan, kelemahan, kesempatan dan tantangan di masa mendatang untuk menyusun strategi dalam menghadapi perubahan yang terjadi di masa sekarang dan sebagai antisipasi perubahan di masa mendatang. Perubahan yang terjadi meliputi: perubahan pola epidemiologi, perubahan demografi, perubahan ekonomi, perubahan teknologi, kebijakan pemerintah, kompetisi pasar dan harapan masyarakat terhadap kualitas pelayanan. Rumah sakit yang sukses di masa mendatang adalah rumah sakit yang mempunyai daya saing. Untuk memenangkan persaingan tersebut rumah sakit harus memberikan nilai dan kepuasan kepada pasien melalui jasa yang berkualitas dengan biaya bersaing. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuisioner dengan sampel berjumlah 100 responden. Metode pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan accidental random sampling. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan Variabel kualitas pelayanan dan harga secara parsial dan simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pasien pada RSUD Buleleng serta Variabel Harga merupakan variabel yang lebih dominan memengaruhi kepuasan pasien pada RSUD Kabupaten Buleleng.
MRI Diagnosis of the Brachial Plexus Lesions
Authors: Haiko O.G. , Tretiakov R.A. , Lysak A.S.
Published: August 2022

Summary. Damage to the brachial plexus (brachial plexopathy) is considered one of the most severe pathologies of the upper limb, which can lead to gross impairment of function and permanent disability of the patient. Today, MRI diagnostics is the first-line method for visualizing normal anatomy and pathological conditions of the brachial plexus (BP).

Objective: to optimize the diagnosis of BP pathology based on the study of diagnostic capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of MRI data of 62 patients with traumatic injury of the BP (group 1) and 23 patients with lesions of non-traumatic genesis (group 2) was performed. The MRI examination was performed on a PHILIPS Achieva magnetic resonance tomograph with a magnetic field strength of 1.5 T using sequences of T1 and T2 weighted images (33), a 3DT2 DRIVE sequence with a high degree of resolution, and STIR sequences in axial, sagittal and coronal projections.

Results. The MRI picture of brachial plexopathies was quite diverse and depended on the etiology of the lesion, the level and severity of damage to neural structures. When analyzing the MRI studies of patients of group 1, preganglionic lesion was detected in 39 patients (62.9%); 8 patients (12.9%) had trunks lesion and 15 patients (24.2%) had cords lesion. In group 2, BP ​​dysfunction associated with detected MRI signs of a tumor of nerve structures or infiltration and/or compression of the brachial plexus by a tumor of other organs or a metastasis was detected in 21 patients (84%); BP ​​dysfunction resulted from radiation therapy in 2 patients (8.7%) and from the disease – neuralgic amytrophy – in 2 patients (8.7%). The use of MRI made it possible to carry out a differential diagnosis of pathology and to determine the nature, extent and degree of severity of damage to nervous structures.

Conclusions. MRI examination is an effective method of diagnosing the brachial plexus pathology, which makes it possible to determine the level, extent and severity of the damage, and to justify the further treatment of this category of patients at the early stages.
Surgical Treatment of Patients with Tophus Gout
Authors: Herasymenko S.I. , Poluliakh M.V. , Duda M.S. , Babko A.M. , Herasymenko A.S. , Poluliakh D.M. , Pshenychnyi T.Ye. , Huzhevskyi I.V.
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Modern diagnostics, comprehensive orthopedic treatment, prevention of complications and adequate rehabilitation of patients with chronic gout can reduce the frequency and severity of exacerbations, prevent the development of secondary osteoarthrosis, maintain ability to work, improve social adaptation of patients and reduce their disability.

Objective: to improve treatment results of patients with chronic tofus gout by developing indications for surgical treatment and improving existing methods of modern orthopedic treatment.

Materials and Methods. The materials of the study were based on treatment results of 58 patients with a diagnosis of chronic tofus gout, who were observed and treated in clinics of SI “Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics of NAMS of Ukraine” during 2012-2021. The age of patients ranged from 30 to 80 years (mean age 58.4±5.3 years). All patients were divided into two groups – main and control. The main group included patients (27 patients) who, in addition to conservative methods, underwent surgical treatment. The control group included 31 patients with chronic tofus gout who did not undergo surgery. For the development of indications and visualization of the pathological process severity, all patients underwent sonographic examination; removed tissues after surgery underwent morphological examination.

Results. The results of pathomorphological studies allowed us systematically evaluate the dynamics of morphological changes in joint tissues in tofus gout, to clarify the features of the inflammatory process and the formation of tofus, and to determine the effects of tofus impact on the structural and functional state of tissues in affected joint.

Conclusions. Surgical treatment in combination with conservative allows reducing the activity of the disease compared to the control group, to achieve a faster decrease in uric acid serum levels, reduce the number and duration of exacerbations regardless of the duration of the disease, reduce pain, improve quality of life, and reduce or avoid disability in patients.
Gadget Sebagai Pemasaran Digital Dan Branding Kelompok Tani Sumber Makmur Surabaya
Authors: Andika Afrizal , Akhyar Abdan Fillah  , Ilham Prahardani  , Bayu Dwi Hartomo  , Muhammad Imam  , Moch. Subechi Nurcahyo  , Prima Edelweis Putri
Published: August 2022

Sumber Makmur Farmers Group located in Warugunung Flats Block Manyar B RT.4 / RW.3 Surabaya is a farmer group engaged in hydroponic-based horticultural crops, mostly dominated by housewives aged between 40-50 years. They use hydroponics as a side business to fulfill their needs. This Farmer Group still uses conventional marketing methods such as selling directly in the market or to certain agents, so that its marketing reach is relatively narrow and does not develop and is less ogled by the company. Based on the results of the survey, it was decided that group 11 would help Sumber Makmur Farmers Group to solve their capital problems with the right branding strategy to find potential investors.
Eleman İşe Alım Süreci İçin AHP Metodu ile Karar Destek Sistemi
Authors: DOGUC Ozge
Published: August 2022

Günümüz rekabet ortamında firmalar, değişen dünyaya ayak uydurmaya ve büyümeye çalışıyorlar. Nitelikli iş gücüne sahip olmak, ilgili pozisyon için en uygun personelin yetiştirilmesi ile başlıyor. Bu bağlamda, firmalar açık pozisyonlarını en kısa sürede kendilerine en uygun ve en başarılı adaylar ile doldurmak zorundadırlar. Bu çalışmada bir şirkette bir pozisyonda oluşan boşluktan dolayı pozisyon için başvuruda bulunan 4 personel için seçim yapılmıştır. Adaylar için çok kriterli karar verme tekniklerinden biri olan AHP (Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi) metodu kullanılarak değerlendirilme yapılmıştır. Değerlendirme yapılırken firmanın bu pozisyon için önem verdiği 5 kriter de göz önünde bulundurulmuştur. Sonuçlarına göre adaylar sıralanmıştır ve şirketin isteklerine karşılık hangi adayın daha uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada da gösterildiği gibi, AHP yöntemi şirketler için gelen aday başvurularını hızlı ve açık pozisyona en uygun şekilde değerlendirme imkanı sunmaktadır.
Debtor's Litigation Intervention in Subrogation Litigation by Creditor
Authors:   Legal Research Institute of Chonnam National University, Choi sungsik
Published: August 2022

Subrogation litigation by creditor is a litigation by a creditor to a third debtor in order to preserve his or her bond. Therefore, the issue in subrogation litigation by creditor should first look at what legal basis the creditor exercises the debtor's rights on. And if the creditor has the right to perform a lawsuit, the subject of attribution, the debtor, will lose the right to perform a lawsuit. Whether it will be or not is the question. If the debtor's right to perform a lawsuit is lost due to the subrogation litigation of the creditor, the discussion surrounding the subrogation litigation by creditor can be discussed very simply. However, there is no opinion that the debtor's right to perform a lawsuit is lost, however, there is an opinion of a minority that it will be lost after notice of the fact of the subrogation.
As such, whether the debtor's right to perform a lawsuit is a premise for the most basic discussion in a subrogation litigation by creditor. It seems that the discussion on the substantive law is insufficient. Since the issue of legal standing of a debtor under the litigation law is a form of expression of the right of management and disposition under the substantive law, a discussion on the substantive law should be a prerequisite. Therefore, in this article, we have discussed whether or not the debtor's right of management and disposition is lost due to notification of subrogation, etc. That is, the right of management and disposition of a subrogation bond of the debtor is not lost by notification of the fact of subrogation, etc., remain legal standing parties. As such, it is logical to think that if the debtor remains as legal standing parties during the continuation of the subrogation action, it can exercise all of its rights as a party. However, the majority theory and precedent are interpreted as being inevitably limited by the prohibition of duplicative litigation and the effect of excluding further litigation under the Litigation Act, and such majority theory and precedent do not appear to be unreasonable. Then, it should be discussed how to provide the debtor with the status as the parties to a suit the opportunity to participate in the subrogation action through other means. In this paper, the alternatives are to allow joint participation in litigation and Independent Party Intervention. Also, if it is difficult for the debtor to participate as a party due to litigation costs, etc., joint litigation supplementary participation equivalent to the status of the parties to a suit is possible. Therefore, the view of the majority theory that joint litigation supplementary participation can participate in cases where a third party subject to the effect of a judgment does not have legal standing should be revised.
Handling of Obligee’s subrogation litigation competing with the Obligor’s exercise of rights
Authors:   Legal Research Institute of Chonnam National University, Kwak Seung-Koo
Published: August 2022

The Supreme Court(sentenced on June 25, 2020, 2019Da218684) recently made an important decision on the eligibility to be a party of the litigation for obligee's subrogation right that has been brought after the obligor has exercised his or her rights in court. That is, if the obligor has already brought an action and a judgment has been issued, the obligee is not eligible. This is because the obligee can bring a subrogation action only if the obligor has not exercised the right. This is the same conclusion as the previous judgments.
This thesis was intended to study the non-exercise of the obligor's rights, one of the requirements for subrogation of obligee, with the above judgment as an opportunity. To this end, I first identified the legal nature of the subrogation of obligee. Next, the flow of Korean precedents on the handling of litigation by obligee by type of obligor's exercise of rights was examined. If the obligor has brought a lawsuit, it cannot be denied that the obligor has exercised the right. Because filing a lawsuit is the most powerful way to exercise his or her rights.
Form and Function of Teacher’s Questioning Technique in English Foreign Language Classroom Interactions
Authors: Darong Hieronimus Canggung
Published: August 2022

English Foreign Language (EFL) teachers most frequently deal with question types in their interactions with students. However, questioning is not only concerned with type but also with form and function. Therefore, this qualitative study aimed to examine the types, forms, and functions of the questions altogether raised by EFL teachers as they interacted with students. The researcher observed and recorded two college-level EFL teachers. Using the conversation analysis tenets, the data were transcribed and examined. The results have demonstrated that the teacher questions used were insufficient for the questioning activity. The form is related to the question type. Additionally, the teachers’ questions had diagnostic, educational, and motivating purposes. Therefore, it is advantageous for teachers to ask questions during class discussions if they have a comprehensive understanding of type, shape, and function.
Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Sustainable Leadership
Authors: Munira Kazi Sirajum , Rahman Dr. Md. Sahidur , Akhter Suchana
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The study aims to evaluate the impact of emotional intelligence (EI) on the sustainable leadership of managers in the context of Bangladesh. Emotional intelligence is made up of five components, viz. self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills.
Methods: This is a quantitative study based on survey data. Data were collected from the managers (n=262) working in different organizations located in Dhaka and Chittagong region by using the convenience sampling technique. EI was measured with 30 items adopted from the EQ Index (Rahim et al., 2002, 2006), while sustainable leadership was measured with 15 items adopted from the SLQ (McCann & Holt, 2010). PLS-SEM was applied to analyze the data and evaluate the measurement and structural models. 
Results: The findings suggest that managers’ emotional intelligence significantly influences sustainable leadership.             
Originality: This study is a pioneering study in the context of Bangladesh and it contributes to our understanding of the impact of emotional intelligence on sustainable leadership, which in turn, enhances managers' sustainable performance.
Limitations: The use of the convenience sampling technique may limit the generalizability of the findings.
Low Star Formation Activity and Low Gas Content of Quiescent Galaxies at z = 3.5–4.0 Constrained with ALMA
Authors: Suzuki Tomoko L. , Glazebrook Karl , Schreiber Corentin , Kodama Tadayuki , Kacprzak Glenn G. , Leiton Roger , Nanayakkara Themiya , Oesch Pascal A. , Papovich Casey , Spitler Lee , Straatman Caroline M. S. , Tran Kim-Vy , Wang Tao
Published: August 2022

The discovery in deep near-infrared surveys of a population of massive quiescent galaxies at z > 3 has given rise to the question of how they came to be quenched so early in the history of the universe. Measuring their molecular gas properties can distinguish between physical processes where they stop forming stars due to a lack of fuel versus those where the star formation efficiency is reduced and the gas is retained. We conducted Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of four quiescent galaxies at z = 3.5–4.0 found by the Fourstar Galaxy Evolution Survey and a serendipitous optically dark galaxy at z = 3.71. We aim to investigate the presence of dust-obscured star formation and their gas content by observing the dust continuum emission at Band 7 and the atomic carbon [C i](3
P
1–3
P
0) line at 492.16 GHz. Among the four quiescent galaxies, only one source is detected in the dust continuum at λ
obs = 870 μm. The submillimeter observations confirm their passive nature, and all of them are located more than four times below the main sequence of star-forming galaxies at z = 3.7. None of the targets are detected in [C i], constraining their gas-mass fractions to be <20%. These gas-mass fractions are more than 3 times lower than the scaling relation for star-forming galaxies at z = 3.7. These results support scenarios where massive galaxies at z = 3.5–4.0 quench by consuming/expelling all the gas rather than by reducing the efficiency of the conversion of their gas into stars.
Extragalactic Magnetism with SOFIA (SALSA Legacy Program). III. First Data Release and On-the-fly Polarization Mapping Characterization*
Authors: Lopez-Rodriguez Enrique , Clarke Melanie , Shenoy Sachin , Vacca William , Coude Simon , Arneson Ryan , Ashton Peter , Eftekharzadeh Sarah , Beck Rainer , Beckman John E. , Borlaff Alejandro S. , Clark Susan E. , Dale Daniel A. , Martin-Alvarez Sergio , Ntormousi Evangelia , Reach William T. , Roman-Duval Julia , Tassis Konstantinos , Harper Doyal A. , Marcum Pamela M.
Published: August 2022

We describe the data processing of the Survey on extragALactic magnetiSm with SOFIA (SALSA Legacy Program). This first data release presents 33% (51.34 hr out of 155.7 hr, including overheads) of the total awarded time from 2020 January to 2021 December. Our observations were performed using the newly implemented on-the-fly mapping (OTFMAP) technique in the polarimetric mode. We present the pipeline steps to obtain homogeneously reduced high-level data products of polarimetric maps of galaxies for use in scientific analysis. Our approach has a general design and can be applied to sources smaller than the field of view of the HAWC+ array in any given band. We estimate that the OTFMAP polarimetric mode offers a reduction of observing overheads by a factor 2.34 and an improvement in sensitivity by a factor 1.80 when compared to the same on-source time polarimetric observations using the chopping and nodding mode. The OTFMAP is a significant optimization of the polarimetric mode of HAWC+, as it ultimately reduces the cost of operations of HAWC+/SOFIA by increasing the science collected per hour of observation up to an overall factor of 2.49. The OTFMAP polarimetric mode is the standard observing strategy of SALSA. The results and quantitative analysis of this first data release are presented in Papers IV and V of the series.
Unveiling the Interplay between the GASP Jellyfish Galaxy JO194 and Its Environment with Chandra
Authors: Bartolini Chiara , Ignesti Alessandro , Gitti Myriam , Brighenti Fabrizio , Wolter Anna , Moretti Alessia , Vulcani Benedetta , Poggianti Bianca M. , Gullieuszik Marco , Fritz Jacopo , Tomičić Neven
Published: August 2022

X-ray studies of jellyfish galaxies opened a window into the physics of the interplay between the intracluster medium (ICM) and interstellar medium (ISM). In this paper, we present the study of an archival Chandra observation of the GASP jellyfish galaxy JO194. We observe X-ray emission extending from the stellar disk to the unwinding spiral arms with an average temperature of kT = 0.79 ± 0.03 keV. To investigate the origin of the X-ray emission, we compare the observed X-ray luminosities with those expected from the star formation rates (SFRs) obtained from Hα emission. We estimate an X-ray luminosity excess of a factor ∼2–4 with respect to the SF; therefore, we conclude that SF is not the main event responsible for the extended X-ray emission of JO194. The metallicity in the spiral arms (

Z
=

0.24

−
0.12

+
0.19

Z

⊙

) is consistent with that of the ICM around JO194 (Z = 0.35 ± 0.07); thus, we suggest that ICM radiative cooling dominates the X-ray emission of the arms. We speculate that the X-ray plasma results from the ISM‒ICM interplay, although the nature of this interplay is still mostly unknown. Finally, we observe that the X-ray properties of JO194 are consistent with those of two other GASP galaxies with different stellar mass, phase-space conditions in their hosting clusters, and local ICM conditions. We suggest that the conditions required to induce extended X-ray emission in jellyfish galaxies are established at the beginning of the stripping, and they can persist on long timescales so that galaxies in different clusters and evolutionary stages can present a similar extended X-ray emission.
Velocity-resolved Reverberation Mapping of Changing-look Active Galactic Nucleus NGC 4151 during Outburst Stage: Evidence for Kinematics Evolution of Broad-line Region
Authors: Li Sha-Sha , Feng Hai-Cheng , Liu H. T. , Bai J. M. , Li Rui , Lu Kai-Xing , Wang Jian-Guo , Huang Ying-Ke , Zhang Zhi-Xiang
Published: August 2022

Changing-look active galactic nucleus NGC 4151, which has attracted a lot of attention, is undergoing the second dramatic outburst stage in its evolutionary history. To investigate the geometry and kinematics of the broad-line region (BLR), and measure the mass of supermassive black hole in NGC 4151, we perform a 7 month photometric and spectroscopic monitoring program in 2020–2021, using the 2.4 m telescope at Lijiang Observatory. We successfully measure the time lags of the responses from broad Hα, Hβ, Hγ, He i, and He ii emission lines to continuum variation, which are

7.63

−
2.62

+
1.85

,

6.21

−
1.13

+
1.41

,

5.67

−
1.94

+
1.65

,

1.59

−
1.11

+
0.86

, and

0.46

−
1.06

+
1.22

days, respectively, following radial stratification. The ratios of time lags among these lines are 1.23: 1.00: 0.91: 0.26: 0.07. We find that the continuum lag between the ultraviolet and optical bands can significantly affect the lag measurements of He i and He ii. Virial and infalling gas motions coexist in this campaign, which is different from previous results, implying the evolutionary kinematics of BLR. Based on our measurements and previous ones in the literature, we confirm that the BLR of NGC 4151 is basically virialized. Finally, we compute the black hole mass through multiple lines, and the measurement from Hβ to be

3.94

−
0.72

+
0.90

×

10

7

M

⊙

, which is consistent with previous results. The corresponding accretion rate is

0.02

−
0.01

+
0.01

L

Edd

c

−
2

, implying a sub-Eddington accretor.
FRAMEx. III. Radio Emission in the Immediate Vicinity of Radio-quiet AGNs
Authors: Shuvo Onic I. , Johnson Megan C. , Secrest Nathan J. , Gliozzi Mario , Fischer Travis C. , Cigan Phillip J. , Fernandez Luis C. , Dorland Bryan N.
Published: August 2022

We present follow-up results from the first Fundamental Reference AGN Monitoring Experiment (FRAMEx) X-ray/radio snapshot program of a volume-complete sample of local hard X-ray-selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Here, we added nine new sources to our previous volume-complete snapshot campaign, two of which are detected in 6 cm Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations. We also obtained deeper VLBA observations for a sample of nine AGNs not detected by our previous snapshot campaign. We recovered three sources with approximately twice the observing sensitivity. In contrast with lower-angular-resolution Very Large Array (VLA) studies, the majority of our sources continue to be undetected with the VLBA. The subparsec radio (6 cm) and X-ray (2–10 keV) emission shows no significant correlation, with L
R/L
X ranging from 10−8 to 10−4, and the majority of our sample lies well below the fiducial 10−5 relationship for coronal synchrotron emission. Additionally, our sources are not aligned with any of the proposed “fundamental” planes of black hole activity, which purport to unify black hole accretion in the M
BH–L
X–L
R parameter space. The new detections in our deeper observations suggest that the radio emission may be produced by the synchrotron radiation of particles accelerated in low-luminosity outflows. Nondetections may be a result of synchrotron self-absorption at 6 cm in the radio core, similar to what has been observed in X-ray binaries transitioning from the radiatively inefficient state to a radiatively efficient state.
Minima Epoches of BF Draconis Observed by the TESS Satellite
Authors: Schmutz Werner
Published: August 2022

The epochs of 80 minima from 2019 to 2022 of the eclipsing binary BF Dra have been measured from photometric fluxes obtained by the TESS satellite with uncertainties of 3 s and 6 s for primary and secondary minima, respectively. There is a clear negative linear trend of the interval length between primary and secondary minima, which confirms previous analyses that the system’s orbit has an apsidal motion. It is found that the periastron advances 1.43 ± 0.03 deg/century, i.e., the apsidal period is U = 25,200 ± 500 yr. These values agree with previous estimates within the combined uncertainties but the present uncertainties are lower by a factor of eight. It is also confirmed that the residuals of the TESS-minima have a significant trend relative to a mean long-term apsidal motion signature due to a systematic influence of unknown origin.
Challenges in Forming Phobos and Deimos Directly from a Splitting of an Ancestral Single Moon
Authors: Hyodo Ryuki , Genda Hidenori , Sekiguchi Ryosuke , Madeira Gustavo , Charnoz Sébastien
Published: August 2022

The origin and evolution of Martian moons have been intensively debated in recent years. It is proposed that Phobos and Deimos may originate directly from the splitting of an ancestral moon orbiting at around the Martian synchronous orbit. At this hypothetical splitting, the apocenter of the inner moon (presumed as Phobos) and the pericenter of the outer moon (presumed as Deimos) would coincide, in that, their semimajor axes would reside inside and outside the Martian synchronous orbit with nonzero eccentricities, respectively. However, the successive orbital evolution of the two moons is not studied. Here, we perform direct N-body orbital integrations of the moons, including the Martian oblateness of the J
2 and J
4 terms. We show that the two moons, while they precess, likely collide within ∼104 yr with an impact velocity of v
imp ∼ 100–300 m s−1 (∼10–30 times moons’ escape velocity) and with an isotropic impact direction. The impact occurs around the apocenter and the pericenter of the inner and outer moons, respectively, where the timescale of this periodic orbital alignment is regulated by the precession. By performing additional impact simulations, we show that such a high-velocity impact likely results in a disruptive outcome, forming a debris ring at around the Martian synchronous orbit, from which several small moons would accrete. Such an evolutionary path would eventually form a different Martian moon system from the one we see today. Therefore, it seems unlikely that Phobos and Deimos are split directly from a single ancestral moon.
A rare case of a giant cell tumour caused by vitamin D deficiency
Authors: Neychev Deyan , Pilichev Bozhidar , Serteva Denitsa , Kanazirska Petya
Published: August 2022

Reparative giant cell granulomas are benign masses of multi-etiological nature, which account for 1%–7% of all benign lesions of the jaws. The objective of this case report is to present the relationship between isolated vitamin D deficiency and the development of reparative giant cell granuloma.

Herein, we present the case of a 70-year-old female patient with a painless mass of increased mobility in the mandibular region, and pain in the involved teeth. After histological confirmation and laboratory screening, а reparative giant cell granuloma caused by serious deficiency of vitamin D3 - (25-OH)D was diagnosed. The treatment protocol included surgical removal of the lesion and vitamin D replacement therapy.

In rare cases, this type of lesion can be a primary manifestation of vitamin D deficiency; therefore, it is extremely important to be aware of this pathology.
Analysis of characteristics and surgical outcome of intradural extramedullary tumors – a retrospective cohort study of 52 patients
Authors: Kitov Borislav , Apostolov Georgi , Davarski Atanas , Kehayov Ivo , Kilova Kristina
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Although intradural extramedullary tumors (IET) are relatively well studied, research on the typical epidemiological, demographic, and clinical characteristics of these malignancies is scanty.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate retrospectively the epidemiology, demographics, clinical presentation, imaging data, type of surgery, and the outcome of treatment of IETs.

Materials and methods: We performed retrospective chart review of medical history, clinical presentation, paraclinical and imaging data, and operative protocols of operated patients with IETs from January 2011 to August 2020. Special attention was paid to the onset of symptoms, clinical presentation at admission, imaging data, localization, type of surgery, histology, and outcome of the disease. The degree of neurological deficit and disability of the patients at admission, discharge, and follow-up was assessed by the Modified McCormick Scale and the Modified Rankin Scale, respectively. The follow-up period varied from 1 to 105 months (mean 43 months).

Results: Fifty-two patients (mean age 58 years, range 14-78 years) with IETs were surgically treated for the study period. At admission to the clinic, 48 patients (92.3%) had vertebralgia, 34 (65.4%) had concurrent radicular pain, 42 (80.8%) had motor deficit, and 18 (34.6%) had sphincter disorders. Total tumor removal was achieved in 47 patients (90.4%). Favourable outcome was registered in 43 patients (82.7%). The degree of disability (mRS) at admission (p=0.0001), the McCormick grade at admission (p=0.0001), gender (p=0.042), and age (p=0.047) of patients were significantly correlated with the functional status assessed by McCormick scale at discharge.

Conclusions: Most of the IETs can be successfully removed via a standard posterior or posterolateral surgical access. Favourable outcome of treatment depends on early diagnosis and total tumor resection.
A study of flavonoid composition and antimicrobial activity of Scutellaria altissima L. from different floristic regions of Bulgaria
Authors: Georgieva Yoana P. , Gardjeva Petya A. , Katsarova Mariana N. , Bozov Petko I. , Gercheva Kalina P. , Murdjeva Marianna A. , Dimitrova Stela Z.
Published: August 2022

Introduction:Scutellaria extracts and its constituents, especially the characteristic flavonoids such as baicalein and its glycoside baicalin, exhibit significant antimicrobial activity.

Aim: To perform a comparative analysis of flavonoid composition and antimicrobial activity of extracts obtained from aerial parts and roots of Scutellaria altissima from the regions of Mezek and Bachkovo, Bulgaria.

Materials and methods: 70% ethanol and aqueous extracts of aerial parts and roots of S. altissima were used. HPLC analysis of S. altissima extracts was performed. Microbiological tests were done on clinical isolates of Streptococcus mitis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Minimal bactericidal and minimal bacteriostatic concentrations of S. altissima extracts were determined by the agar method.

Results: The ethanol extracts contain flavonoids approximately twice as much in comparison with the aqueous extracts. The baicalin content in the aerial parts of S. altissima from the region of Mezek is 5 times higher than that in the roots. S. altissima extracts have effective antimicrobial activity against S. mitis only. The minimal bactericidal concentration of ethanol extracts of S. altissima aerial parts and S. altissima roots is 2000 µg/ml and 8000 µg/ml at 24 hours, respectively. The bactericidal effect of aqueous extracts occurs at 48 hours at minimal bactericidal concentration of S. altissima aerial parts – 2000 µg/ml and of S. altissima roots – 6000 µg/ml.

Conclusions: The finding that extracts of Bulgarian S. altissima possess effective antimicrobial properties against S. mitis suggests that it can be used as a potential source for the development of natural antimicrobial agents to suppress oral pathogens and prevent some oral infections.
Stochastic modelling of scalar time series of varicella incidence for a period of 92 years (1928-2019)
Authors: Raycheva Ralitsa , Kevorkyan Ani , Stoilova Yordanka
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Varicella is an acute, highly contagious disease, characterised by generalised vesicular exanthema caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV) which usually affects children aged 2 to 8 years.

Aim: To analyse the changes of varicella incidence in Bulgaria over the period of 1928–2019.

Materials and methods: The time series analysis is based on the official data for varicella incidence (per 100,000) in Bulgaria for ninety-two years (1928–2019), obtained from three major sources. We utilized the method to construct a time series model of overall incidence (1928–2019) using time series modeller in SPSS v. 25. We followed all three steps of the standard ARIMA methodology to establish the model – identification, parameter estimation, and diagnostic checking.

Results: Stochastic scalar time series modelling of the varicella incidence from 1928 to 2019 was performed. The stochastic ARIMA (0,1,1) was identified to be the most appropriate model. The decomposition of varicella incidence time series into a stochastic trend and a stationary component was reasoned based on the model defined. In addition, we assessed the importance of the long-term and immediate effect of one shock. The long-term forecast was also under discussion.

Conclusions: The ARIMA model (0,1,1) in our study is an adequate tool for presenting the varicella incidence trend and is suitable to forecast near future disease dynamics with acceptable error tolerance.
A rare case of a juvenile polyp of patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, complicated with intussusception of the small intestine
Authors: Rycyk Anna , Kasztelan-Szczerbinska Beata , Cichoz-Lach Halina
Published: August 2022

We report a rare case of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) in a 35-year-old female. The patient was diagnosed with PJS when she was 11 years old. She has remained under observation since then. We strongly believe that PJS is a very rare diagnosis. However, it can have serious complications such as the intussusception we observed in our patient. Her condition (recurrent abdominal pain and vomiting) in childhood required further diagnostic procedures. Although the diagnosis of PJS was made, among many resected polyps, one of them appeared to be a juvenile polyp. The diagnosis was confirmed in the histopathology report, which was incredibly unique. Genetic testing revealed LKB1/STK11 gene mutation. Clinicians should be aware of the malignant potential in the course of PJS. Hence, these patients require tailor-made management, long-term follow-up, and our particular attention.
Whole genome sequencing of Bulgarian rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains
Authors: Yordanova Stanislava , Bachiyska Elizabeta , Tagliani Elisa , Baykova Ana , Atanasova Yuliana , Spitaleri Andrea , Cirillo Daniela Maria
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The transmission of drug-resistant tuberculosis is one of the greatest challenges facing the global tuberculosis control.

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the resent transmission of rifampicin resistant tuberculosis in Bulgaria and to describe the mutations related to the antimicrobials’ resistance using whole genome sequencing.

Materials and methods: As part of an ECDC funded pilot study for evaluation of the systematic use of whole genome sequencing (WGS) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) surveillance (EUSeqMyTB), Bulgaria provided 65 rifampicin resistant isolates over a three years’ timeframe (2017-2019) representing 87.5% of the notified rifampicin resistant cases. Drug resistance prediction and relatedness analysis of the resistant isolates was performed in collaboration with San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

Results: Almost all of the isolates were identified as Euro-American lineage (96.9%); 18.5% of the isolates were found to be resistant to fluoroquinolones, but no mutations conferring resistance to bedaquiline or linezolid could be identified. Less than half (43.3%) of the isolates were clustered (<5 SNPs distance) into a total of seven national SNP-based clusters, while a total of six isolates were found to be part of different cross-border clusters. All clustered cases originated from Bulgaria.

Conclusions: WGS has proven to be a reliable tool for surveillance and tracing of recent transmission of tuberculosis and has the potential for resistance prediction for most of the antituberculosis drugs.
Thrombotic incidents in patients with myelofibrosis suggest to be independent of JAK2 V617f mutational status
Authors: Nikolova Dragomira , Radinov Atanas
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Myelofibrosis (MF) belongs to a group of conditions known as Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Bleeding or various vascular complications could be the main causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with MF. MPNrelated thrombosis is a multifactorial process and in the case of myelofibrosis, little is known. The risk factors for thrombotic complications in MF have been rarely assessed.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of thrombotic events in MF and the role of JAK2 V617F mutation as a risk factor for thrombotic incidents in patients with MF.

Materials and methods: In our study of 37 patients, 35% had thrombotic events in the past. All patients were admitted to the Clinic of Hematology, St Ivan Rilski University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria between 2016 and 2019 and diagnosed based on the WHO criteria of 2016.

Results: The majority of patients (23, 62%) proved positive for JAK2 (Janus kinase) V617F mutation carrying one (16, 70%) or two (7, 30%) mutated alleles. Thirteen of the patients (35%) had a thrombotic event in the past and 9 of them (69%) were carriers of JAK2 V617F mutation. Fourteen patients of those without thrombotic history (24, 58%) were also carriers of JAK2 V617F mutation.

Conclusions: As a whole, we did not find a statistically significant difference between JAK2 V617F mutation and the frequency of thrombotic events. Rendering an account to the possible life-threatening complications, treatment decisions should be undertaken upon possible antithrombotic prevention in MF.
Familles de papier : liens épistolaires sous le regard de l’administration pénitentiaire (France, années 1910-années 1930)
Authors: Génard Elsa
Published: August 2022

Cet article cherche à comprendre les effets du cadre carcéral sur le maintien des liens familiaux par voie épistolaire. La réglementation mise en place au cours du xix e  siècle définit une liste de membres autorisés à écrire aux détenus. Ce faisant, elle impose des normes familiales qui font primer la parenté légale au détriment d’autres liens plus difficiles à authentifier. Passer du cadre réglementaire à son appropriation par les détenus montre toutefois que maintenir les liens n’est pas qu’une affaire de conformité au règlement. La répartition sexuée des rôles familiaux participe à modeler les relations épistolaires en prison. Les femmes condamnées sont confrontées à une double contrainte. La réprobation sociale née de leur condamnation est plus forte encore que pour les hommes. Mais, en tant que mères, épouses ou sœurs, elles restent en première ligne dans la relation épistolaire. Cette dernière est constamment fragilisée par la situation d’emprisonnement : le contrôle de l’administration fait courir le risque de censure, tandis que la condamnation elle-même transforme l’espace de la lettre en un lieu d’expression, précaire et fragile, d’une communauté de souffrances et d’humiliation par-delà les murs.
Existence of infinitely many normalized radial solutions for a class of quasilinear Schrödinger-Poisson equations in $ \mathbb{R}^3 $
Authors: Yang Jinfu , Li Wenmin , Guo Wei , Zhang Jiafeng
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we study the existence of infinitely many normalized radial solutions for the following quasilinear Schrödinger-Poisson equations:

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} -\Delta u-\lambda u+(|x|^{-1}*|u|^2)u-\Delta(u^2)u-|u|^{p-2}u = 0,\; x\in\mathbb{R}^3, \end{equation*} $\end{document}

where $ p\in (\frac{10}{3}, 6) $, $ \lambda\in \mathbb{R} $. Firstly, the quasilinear equations are transformed into semilinear equations by making a appropriate change of variables, whose associated variational functionals are well defined in $ H_r^1(\mathbb{R}^3) $. Secondly, by constructing auxiliary functional and combining pohožaev identity, we prove that under constraints, the energy functionals related to the equation have bounded Palais-Smale sequences on each level set. Finally, it is obtained that there are infinitely many normalized radial solutions for this kind of quasilinear Schrödinger-Poisson equations.
Stability analysis of general delayed HTLV-I dynamics model with mitosis and CTL immunity
Authors: Elaiw A. M. , Shflot A. S. , Hobiny A. D.
Published: August 2022

This paper formulates and analyzes a general delayed mathematical model which describe the within-host dynamics of Human T-cell lymphotropic virus class I (HTLV-I) under the effect Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL) immunity. The models consist of four components: uninfected CD$ 4^{+} $T cells, latently infected cells, actively infected cells and CTLs. The mitotic division of actively infected cells are modeled. We consider general nonlinear functions for the generation, proliferation and clearance rates for all types of cells. The incidence rate of infection is also modeled by a general nonlinear function. These general functions are assumed to be satisfy some suitable conditions. To account for series of events in the infection process and activation of latently infected cells, we introduce two intracellular distributed-time delays into the models: (ⅰ) delay in the formation of latently infected cells, (ⅱ) delay in the activation of latently infected cells. We determine a bounded domain for the system's solutions. We calculate two threshold numbers, the basic reproductive number $ R_{0} $ and the CTL immunity stimulation number $ R_{1} $. We determine the conditions for the existence and global stability of the equilibrium points. We study the global stability of all equilibrium points using Lyapunov method. We prove the following: (a) if $ R_{0}\leq 1 $, then the infection-free equilibrium point is globally asymptotically stable (GAS), (b) if $ R_{1}\leq 1 < R_{0} $, then the infected equilibrium point without CTL immunity is GAS, (c) if $ R_{1} > 1 $, then the infected equilibrium point with CTL immunity is GAS. We present numerical simulations for the system by choosing special shapes of the general functions. The effects of proliferation of CTLs and time delay on the HTLV-I progression is investigated. We noted that the CTL immunity does not play the role in clearing the HTLV-I from the body, but it has an important role in controlling and suppressing the viral infection. On the other hand, we observed that, increasing the time delay intervals can have similar influences as drug therapies in removing viruses from the body. This gives some impression to develop two types of treatments, the first type aims to extend the intracellular delay periods, while the second type aims to activate and stimulate the CTL immune response.
Group key agreement protocol for edge computing in industrial internet
Authors: Yin Yifeng , Wang Zhaobo , Zhou Wanyi , Gan Yong , Zhang Yanhua
Published: August 2022

Industrial internet security is a critical component of cyberspace safety. Furthermore, the encryption protocol is a critical component of cyberspace security. Due to the rapid development of industrial internet and edge computing, increasingly more devices are outsourcing their data to cloud servers to save costs. Edge devices should have a secure session key to reduce communication costs and share information. However, most key generation and storage are completed by a centralized third-party organization, which carries some security risks. In this context, this paper will propose a lightweight multi-dimensional virtual iteration of the group key agreement protocol. Group key agreement protocol allows for one-at-a-time encryption and timely key updates without the involvement of a trusted third party, and each device in the network can agreement a large number of keys. According to the analysis of this protocol, it has high security, rapid computation speed, and little storage space.