bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insights from super-metal-rich stars: Is the Milky Way bar young?
Authors: Nepal S. , Chiappini C. , Guiglion G. , Steinmetz M. , Pérez-Villegas A. , Queiroz A. B. , Miglio A. , Dohme P. , Khalatyan A.
Published: December 2023

Context. Bar formation and merger events can contribute to the rearrangement of stars within the Galaxy in addition to triggering star formation (SF) epochs. Super-metal-rich (SMR) stars found in the solar neighbourhood (SNd) can be used as tracers of such events as they are expected to originate only in the inner Galaxy and to have definitely migrated.

Aims. We study a homogeneous and large sample of SMR stars in the SNd to provide tighter constraints on the epoch of the bar formation and its impact on the Milky Way (MW) disc stellar populations.

Methods. We investigated a sample of 169 701 main sequence turnoff (MSTO) and subgiant branch (SGB) stars with 6D phase space information and high-quality stellar parameters coming from thehybrid-CNNanalysis of theGaia-DR3 RVS stars. We computed distances and ages using theStarHorsecode with a mean precision of 1% and 11%, respectively. Of these stars, 11 848 have metallicity ([Fe/H]) above 0.15 dex.

Results. We report a metallicity dependence of spatial distribution of stellar orbits shown by the bimodal distribution in the guiding radius (Rg) at 6.9 and 7.9 kpc, first appearing at [Fe/H] ~ 0.1 dex, becoming very pronounced at higher [Fe/H]. In addition, we observe a trend where the most metal-rich stars, with [Fe/H] ~ 0.4 dex, are predominantly old (9–12 Gyr), but show a gradual decline in [Fe/H] with age, reaching approximately 0.25 dex about 4 Gyr ago, followed by a sharp drop around 3 Gyr ago. Furthermore, our full dataset reveals a clear peak in the age–metallicity relationship during the same period, indicating a SF burst around 3–4 Gyr ago with slightly sub-solar [Fe/H] and enhanced [α/Fe].

Conclusions. We show that the SMR stars are good tracers of bar activity.We interpret the steep decrease in the number of SMR stars at around 3 Gyr as the end of the bar formation epoch. In this scenario the peak of bar activity also coincides with a peak in the SF activity in the disc. Although the SF burst around 3 Gyr ago has been reported previously, its origin was unclear. Here we suggest that the SF burst was triggered by the high bar activity, 3–4 Gyr ago. According to these results and interpretation, the MW bar could be young.
Temperature inversion in a gravitationally bound plasma: Case of the solar corona
Authors: Barbieri Luca , Casetti Lapo , Verdini Andrea , Landi Simone
Published: December 2023

The temperature of the solar atmosphere increases from thousands to millions of degrees moving from the lower layer (chromosphere) to the outermost one (corona), while the density drops accordingly. The mechanism behind this phenomenon, known as a temperature inversion, is still unknown. In this work, we model a coronal loop as a collisionless plasma confined in a semicircular tube that is subject to the Sun’s gravity and in thermal contact with a fully collisional chromosphere behaving as a thermostat at the loop’s feet. By using kinetic N-particle simulations and analytical calculations, we show that rapid, intermittent, and short-lived heating events in the chromosphere drive the coronal plasma towards a non-equilibrium stationary state. The latter is characterized by suprathermal tails in the particles’ velocity distribution functions, exhibiting temperature and density profiles strikingly similar to those observed in the atmosphere of the Sun. These results suggest that a million-Kelvin solar corona can be produced without the local deposition of heat in the upper layer of the atmosphere that is typically assumed by standard approaches. We find that suprathermal distribution functions in the corona are self-consistently produced instead of postulated a priori, in contrast to classical kinetic models based on a velocity filtration mechanism.
Design of a low frequency, impulsive sound simulator in an existing house for sonic boom perceptual studies
Authors: Cretagne Léo , Garcia A. Carlos , Leconte Roman , Ollivier François , Marchal Jacques , Marmel Frédéric , Fritz Claudia , Coulouvrat François
Published: December 2023

The renewal of civil supersonic aviation is partly conditioned by the establishment of an international regulation on sonic boom level. Human perception of booms from future aircraft creating sound disturbances of lower level than past ones can currently be evaluated only through boom simulators in laboratory setups with predicted signatures from numerical simulations. To reach sufficient ecological validity, it is necessary that perception studies take place in an environment as familiar as possible to participants. With this in view, a simulator has been designed to reproduce sonic booms of low amplitude with the highest possible fidelity and control, while adapting to an existing house. The article presents the challenges and design solutions chosen to reach this objective. A double optimisation of the input signal, successively in the frequency and in the time domain, is described. Observed performances are presented for different boom exposures and in various rooms of the house.
Credit Card Fraud Detection Methods: A Review
Authors: Pundkar Sumedh N. , Zubei Mohd
Published: December 2023

In today’s context, the term “fraud” has become closely intertwined with credit card-related deceit. Recent years have witnessed a notable surge in both credit card utilization and fraudulent activities. Detecting and thwarting fraud necessitates a meticulous analysis of customers’ spending patterns. The ubiquity of credit card use for both online and in-store transactions has un-fortunately led to a parallel rise in recognition valentine scam occurrences. While the primary area of deception discovery is the documentation of sham incidents, the urgency of promptly flagging such events cannot be overstated. The con-temporary landscape heavily favors credit card usage, a trend that inadvert-ently contributes to the annual expansion of fraudulent gains. This unlawful practice exerts a pernicious influence on the global economy at large, exac-erbating its impact year after year. Numerous cutting-edge methods, including as data mining, machine learning, fuzzy logic, genetic programming, sequence alignment, artificial intelligence, and fuzzy logic, have become indispensable in the fight against this threat when it comes to identifying credit card fraud. This study delves into the intricate integration of data mining methodologies, showcas-ing their robust potential to provide comprehensive coverage against fraudu-lent activities while maintaining a controlled balance between false alarms and detection accuracy. Within the financial sector, the challenge of credit card fraud detection remains both persistent and pressing. This paper intro-duces an innovative paradigm aimed at fortifying credit card fraud detection. This is achieved by synergistically harnessing the capabilities of the Artificial Underground Over-sampling Practice (SMOTE), the potency of Adaptive Increasing (ADABoost), and the privacy-enhancing attributes of Federated Learning. The incorporation of federated learning serves a dual purpose: not only does it address prevailing data privacy concerns, but it also significantly augments the precision of fraud detection across a diverse array of geograph-ically distributed data sources
Green Synthesized Plant-based Nanotechnology: Cutting Edge Innovation Fostering Sustainability and Revolutionizing Agriculture
Authors: Mawthoh Aquiny Befairlyne T. , Seram Devina , Watt Haobijam James
Published: December 2023

The development of smart green chemistry methods for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) has gained significant attention from researchers in the last few years. Due to the widespread usage of nanoscale metal ions in various industries such as health care, engineering, environmental protection, agriculture, etc., the synthesis of these materials is a timely subject and requirement. Currently, most of the nanoscale metals are produced chemically, which has unforeseen consequences such as energy and pollution, as well as health hazards. Numerous studies have been conducted to identify an eco-friendly method for producing the nanoparticles. Metal nanoparticle production using living things is one of the recent approaches that is most frequently discussed. The term “green synthesis of nanoparticles” describes the production of various metal nanoparticles using biologically active substances such as plant parts, microbes, and a variety of waste products like vegetable scraps, peels of fruits wastes, eggshell, farm wastes, and so on. Among these choices, plants seem to be the most ideal source for the potential creation of vast numbers of nanoparticles. Biomolecules present in plant extracts can be used to reduce metal ions into nanoparticles in a single-step green synthesis process, which is rapid, and are more stable. These newly synthesized nanoparticles are usually less expensive, easily available, produce less pollution, and enhance the safety of the environment and human. In the field of agriculture, the synthesis of nano-chemicals has the potential to improve fertilizers (slow-release nano fertilizers), pesticides (nano-pesticides), and nano plant growth regulators. Insects, fungi, bacteria, and weeds are among the plant pests that can be controlled with the use of nano-compounds lately.
Waste to Wealth Generation: Innovative Methodologies in Resource Utilization and Minimization in Circular Economy
Authors: Reddy V. Venkat , Kumar Pradeep , Rao A.L.N. , Kumar Ravinder , Singh Shivani , Asha V. , Kareem Saja Hameed
Published: December 2023

The international community is currently confronted with an imperative to effectively tackle the increasingly pressing issues of resource depletion, environmental deterioration, and waste management. The publication titled “Waste to Wealth: Innovations in Resource Utilisation and Minimization” examines novel strategies and methods that address the urgent matter at hand. It not only seeks to alleviate the adverse consequences associated with resource utilisation and waste production but also tasks to convert these challenges into prospects for sustainable development. This extensive investigation explores several industries, such as agriculture, manufacturing, energy, and technology, to demonstrate how innovative individuals, corporations, and communities are rethinking trash as a valuable resource. Through the use of cutting-edge technologies, adherence to circular economy principles, and the adoption of sustainable practises, a transformative shift is occurring in our perception and management of garbage. This shift is paving the way for novel avenues of economic advancement and the preservation of our environment. This research presents a comprehensive examination of case studies, advanced research, and practical examples to underscore the potential of resource recovery, recycling, upcycling, and waste-to-energy technologies in mitigating the strain on natural ecosystems and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, this analysis explores the significance of regulatory frameworks, public-private partnerships, and education in facilitating the shift towards a more sustainable and circular economy. The research on “Waste to Wealth” not only demonstrates the beneficial effects of innovations in resource utilisation and minimization, but also emphasises their crucial contribution towards the attainment of global sustainability objectives, such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the context of a world facing growing resource limitations, this study provides a source of optimism and motivation by showcasing the viability and necessity of converting trash into valuable resources. It highlights the potential for a more wealthy and environmentally sustainable future.
A Cardiovascular Engineering Training Program
Authors: Lowenberg Edwin , Myers Grant , Stratbucker Robert , Angle William
Published: December 2023

To meet a need for bioengineering training programs designed for life scientists The University of Nebraska has initiated a Cardiovascular Engineering Training Program.
History of Extracorporeal Circulation: The Conceptional and Developmental Period
Authors: Boettcher Wolfgang , Merkle Frank , Weitkemper Heinz-Hermann
Published: December 2023

The development of modern techniques in extracorporeal circulation is the result of the combined efforts of physiologists, physicians, and engineers. Early experimental work at the end of the 19th century was accomplished by physiologists, such as von Schröder, von Frey, and Gruber, as well as Jacobj. These scientists laid the foundation for three different artificial oxygenation devices for experimental isolated animal organ perfusion. The developed bubble, film, and isolated lung oxygenation methods developed were later used for the first clinical cardiopulmonary bypass procedures in humans. For continuous perfusion experiments, closed circulation circuits were put into use. In a second step, during the first half of the 20th century, scientists and physicians, such as Brukhonenko, Gibbon, Crafoord, Björk, and Jongbloed were working on the refinement of these methods for intended application during cardiovascular operations in humans. Refined bubble and film oxygenators together with the modern blood pumps in closed circulatory systems were assembled as pump oxygenators, later called heart–lung machines. They were used in the first clinical cases of extracorporeal circulation for heart surgery in the second half of the 20th century by Dennis, Dogliotti and Constantini, and Gibbon.
Conversion from Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation to Total Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Simplified Method
Authors: Dickes Melinda S. , Buckley Klayton W. , Glogowski Kimberly R. , Raff Gary W. , Geiss Dale M.
Published: December 2023

Pediatric patients who have preoperative hemodynamic instability or postoperative cardiac decompensation may frequently require the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for stabilization of cardiac and respiratory function. While ECMO can be a therapeutic treatment for the congenital pediatric patient, it does not allow the additional functions of a complete cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit should subsequent surgical revision in the operating room be required. This paper will discuss our approach to converting the ECMO circuit to total cardiopulmonary bypass allowing the use of cardioplegia, cardiotomy suction, and modified ultrafiltration. This technique allows the conversion to CPB without ceasing support to the critically ill patient or exposing them to additional blood products or surface area in the priming of a new extracorporeal circuit. In addition, this circuit design allows for the resumption of ECMO support utilizing the same circuit if the patient necessitates it.
Association between SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity and Severity of Out-of-Hospital Acute Ischemic Stroke Following Asymptomatic/Mild COVID-19 in Children
Authors: Abdelkreem Elsayed , Mahmoud Ekram A. , Mohamed Nesma A. , Abd-Elrehim Ghada A. B. , Fahmy Eman M.
Published: December 2023

Objective This article investigates the frequency of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seropositivity and its association with the severity of new-onset acute ischemic stroke (AIS) among previously healthy children with asymptomatic/mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods A case–control study that included children < 18 years with out-of-hospital AIS of undetermined etiology and a control group of healthy children. Exclusion criteria were current respiratory symptoms, previous COVID-19 diagnosis, prior COVID-19 vaccination, active SARS-CoV-2 infection, history of hospital admission in the last 6 months, and having a stroke predisposition. We screened children for SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The severity of stroke was evaluated using the Pediatric National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (PedNIHSS).

Results The current study included 25 children (15 males and 10 females; median age 24 months) with out-of-hospital AIS and 25 healthy controls (11 males and 14 females; median age 24 months). SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was detected in 15 (60%) of AIS children and 11 (44%) among controls (p = 0.258). Compared with seronegative AIS children, those seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 had higher PedNIHSS scores (median 19 vs. 8.5; p = 0.001), pediatric intensive care unit admission (93.3% vs. 40%; p = 0.007), need for mechanical ventilation (53.3% vs. 10%; p = 0.040), and D-dimer levels (median 3.5 vs. 1.75 μg/mL; p < 0.001).

Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity may be associated with more severe AIS affecting previously healthy children during the postacute phase of asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic COVID-19.
Identification of a Novel lncRNA in Diagnosis of Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy Using a Comprehensive Analysis of lncRNA-mRNA Network
Authors: Li Yue , Liu Zhongqiang , Tang Ruixiang , Deng Maoyun , Wu Jinlin , Lu Guoyan , Li Yifei , Fan Zhenxin
Published: December 2023

Objective Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in various biological processes, particularly in the regulation of inflammatory responses and myocardial injuries. Notably, the role of lncRNAs in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) has been highlighted. However, a comprehensive analysis investigating the specific circulating lncRNAs associated with SIC has yet to be conducted. Therefore, we conducted a study involving samples from healthy controls, sepsis patients without myocardial injuries, individuals with cardiac dysfunction following heart surgery, and those with SIC, aiming to identify the distinct lncRNAs involved in SIC.

Methods A total of 12 blood samples were collected, including healthy controls, sepsis patients without myocardial injuries, patients with cardiac surgery-related myocardial injuries, and patients with SIC, who were aged from 10 to 22 months. Transcriptome sequencing was conducted to identify differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and mRNAs. Venn plots were employed to identify the DE RNAs specific to SIC. Subsequently, enrichment analyses were performed using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes terms. A coexpression network between lncRNAs and mRNAs was constructed, focusing on protein–protein interaction features. Then, further validation had been done in a consecutive larger cohort.

Results We identified independent DE mRNAs and lncRNAs specific to SIC patients. The analysis of DE mRNAs revealed that immune activation, particularly innate immune activity, was the primary distinction between sepsis with or without myocardial injuries. Furthermore, cytokine production, particularly interleukin-1 secretion, played a significant role in inducing SIC. The expression profiles of DE lncRNAs showed considerable enrichment in shared topics with mRNAs. Subsequently, we identified lncRNAs targeting the DE mRNAs, many of which were involved in immune responses and cytokine production. We established a coexpression network between lncRNAs and mRNAs, leading to the discovery of a novel lncRNA (TCONS_00136255). Finally, we successfully validated TCONS_00136255, demonstrating its acceptable diagnostic accuracy and its role in regulating major molecular processes involved in SIC.

Conclusion lncRNAs actively participate in the significant biological changes associated with immune responses in sepsis-induced myocardial injuries. These lncRNAs interact with mRNAs to modulate inflammation activity and cytokine production. Notably, the identification of the novel lncRNA (TCONS_00136255) highlights its crucial regulatory role in SIC.
Existence and uniqueness of compressible MHD solutions for non-Newtonian fluids
Authors: Meng Qiu , Xing Huifang , Zhao Yuanyuan , Yang Wucai
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we study a compressible MHD model for one-dimensional non-Newtonian fluids. Strong nonlinearities are addressed using the consistent estimation method of approximate solutions. The existence and uniqueness of positive density local solutions are obtained under the compatibility condition.
Fire whirls induced by a line fire on a windward slope: a laboratory-scale study
Authors: Zhou Kuibin , Wang Yifan , Simeoni Albert , Dong Ruixing
Published: December 2023

Background Fire whirls are often reported to occur in wildland fires and can induce serious difficulties in firefighting by abruptly modifying fire behaviour, exposing firefighters and even causing casualties. Aims The aim of this study was to examine the formation of fire whirls on a windward slope. Methods Straight and V-shaped heated wires and burners were used to emulate fire spread fronts of various fire intensities. Different slope angles and ambient wind speeds were considered, to observe the formation and behaviour of fire whirls. Key results A fire whirl appeared over a straight-line fire in the presence of wind, and a couple of counter-rotating fire whirls appeared over the two flanks of a V-shaped line fire. Conclusions Two interaction regimes were experimentally observed and theoretically explained for the interaction of two fire whirls. We found that an effective wind speed instead of the local wind speed in sloped terrains can quantify the critical condition for the formation of fire whirls over line fires of different burning intensities. Implication A critical effective wind speed correlation that couples slope angle, burning intensity and radiative fraction of a line fire can predict fire whirl risk in wildland fire fighting.
Impact of bioenergy feedstock carbon farming on sustainable aviation fuel viability in the United States
Authors: Gautam Sagar , Baral Nawa Raj , Mishra Umakant , Scown Corinne D.
Published: December 2023

Biomass-derived sustainable aviation fuel holds significant potential for decarbonizing the aviation sector. Its long-term viability depends on crop choice, longevity of soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration, and the biomass-to-biojet fuel conversion efficiency. We explored the impact of fuel price and SOC value on viable biojet fuel production scale by integrating an agroecosystem model with a field-to-biojet fuel production process model for 1,4-dimethylcyclooctane (DMCO), a representative high-performance biojet fuel molecule, from Miscanthus, sorghum, and switchgrass. Assigning monetary value to SOC sequestration results in substantially different outcomes than an increased fuel selling price. If SOC accumulation is valued at $185/ton CO
2
, planting Miscanthus for conversion to DMCO would be economically cost-competitive across 66% of croplands across the continental United States (US) by 2050 if conventional jet fuel remains at $0.74/L (in 2020 US dollars). Cutting the SOC sequestration value in half reduces the viable area to 54% of cropland, and eliminating any payment for SOC shrinks the viable area to 16%. If future biojet fuel prices increase to $1.24/L-Jet A-equivalent, 48 to 58% of the total cultivated land in the United States could support a more diverse set of feedstocks including Miscanthus, sorghum, or switchgrass. Among these options, only 8–14% of the area would be suitable exclusively for Miscanthus cultivation. These findings highlight the intersection of natural solutions for carbon removal and the use of deep-rooted feedstocks for biofuels and biomanufacturing. The results underscore the need to establish clear and consistent values for SOC sequestration to enable the future bioeconomy.
Membrane-bound Merkel cell polyomavirus middle T protein constitutively activates PLCγ1 signaling through Src-family kinases
Authors: Peng Wen-Yu , Abere Bizunesh , Shi Haibin , Toland Sabrina , Smithgall Thomas E. , Moore Patrick S. , Chang Yuan
Published: December 2023

Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV or MCPyV) is an alphapolyomavirus causing human Merkel cell carcinoma and encodes four tumor (T) antigen proteins: large T (LT), small tumor (sT), 57 kT, and middle T (MT)/alternate LT open reading frame proteins. We show that MCV MT is generated as multiple isoforms through internal methionine translational initiation that insert into membrane lipid rafts. The membrane-localized MCV MT oligomerizes and promiscuously binds to lipid raft-associated Src family kinases (SFKs). MCV MT-SFK interaction is mediated by a Src homology (SH) 3 recognition motif as determined by surface plasmon resonance, coimmunoprecipitation, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. SFK recruitment by MT leads to tyrosine phosphorylation at a SH2 recognition motif (pMT
Y114
), allowing interaction with phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLCγ1). The secondary recruitment of PLCγ1 to the SFK-MT membrane complex promotes PLCγ1 tyrosine phosphorylation on Y783 and activates the NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway. Mutations at either the MCV MT SH2 or SH3 recognition sites abrogate PLCγ1-dependent activation of NF-κB signaling and increase viral replication after MCV genome transfection into 293 cells. These findings reveal a conserved viral targeting of the SFK-PLCγ1 pathway by both MCV and murine polyomavirus (MuPyV) MT proteins. The molecular steps in how SFK-PLCγ1 activation is achieved, however, differ between these two viruses.
Lymph node stromal cell responses to perinatal T cell waves, a temporal atlas
Authors: Jayewickreme Teshika , Benoist Christophe , Mathis Diane
Published: December 2023

The perinatal period is a critical time window in establishing T cell tolerance. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) made during the first 2 wk of life are key drivers of perinatal tolerance induction, but how these cells are generated and operate has not been established. To elucidate the unique environment murine perinatal Tregs encounter within the lymph nodes (LNs) as they first emerge from the thymus, and how it evolves over the succeeding days, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing to generate an atlas of the early LN niche. A highly dynamic picture emerged, the stromal cell compartment showing the most striking changes and putative interactions with other LN cell compartments. In particular, LN stromal cells showed increasing potential for lymphocyte interactions with age. Analogous studies on mice lacking α:β T cells or enriched for autoreactive α:β T cells revealed an acute stromal cell response to α:β T cell dysfunction, largely reflecting dysregulation of Tregs. Punctual ablation of perinatal Tregs induced stromal cell activation that was dependent on both interferon-gamma signaling and activation of conventional CD4+T cells. These findings elucidate some of the earliest cellular and molecular events in perinatal induction of T cell tolerance, providing a framework for future explorations.
Reframing Zhuangzi through recontextualization
Authors: Huang Guangzhe
Published: December 2023

Within a multimodal framework, this study investigates the images of Zhuangzi (author of the Chinese Classic

莊子
Zhuangzi) represented by
the front covers of both the comic adaptation
莊子説 Zhuangzi Shuo and its three translations. It is found these covers represent
different images of Zhuangzi through processes of recontextualization. In the Chinese adaptation Zhuangzi Shuo,
Zhuangzi, while being emphasized as a revered ancient Chinese philosopher, is remolded from an author into a funny speaker
absorbed in expressing his thoughts regardless of whether there is any audience. In Zhuangzi Speaks, an English
translation published in America, Zhuangzi is repackaged as a friendly interlocutor sharing with readers his thoughts. In
The Sayings of Zhuang Zi, another English translation published in Singapore, Zhuangzi is reshaped as a
historical figure for detached observation, one frustrated by chaos in reality and investing his thought into his writing. In
Lehrsprüche des Dschuang Dsi, a German translation translated indirectly from the Singaporean one, Zhuangzi,
while being a historical figure for detached observation as well, is re-reshaped as a reputable Chinese sage, who is old-fashioned
but accessible. Differences in these images can be ascribed to diverse perceptions of comics and Zhuangzi in the countries
concerned.
Images that translate
Authors: Vidal Claramonte Mª Carmen África
Published: December 2023

The connection between translation and contemporary art is a hitherto under-researched avenue. Some scholars have analyzed the translation of exhibition catalogue essays (Krein-Kühle 2021) or the museum as a translation site (Sturge 2007; Neather 2008, 2012, 2021; Liao 2018, 2021). Although these are important and necessary research avenues, my aim here is different. I intend to study translation beyond the verb-centric tradition, looking at how artworks have been using translation for decades and how the images used by artists communicate through nonverbal semiotic systems. This will be done by (1) examining the artworks that use words as images (with special emphasis on John Baldessari, Lawrence Weiner, and Robert Barry), (2) by studying how many contemporary artists use translation in their artworks (Ghada Amer, Danica Dakić, Nalini Malani, Mona Hatoum, among others) and (3) by concentrating on exhibitions which deal with translation as a way of looking at the world.
Alyawarr English
Authors: Dixon Sally
Published: December 2023

This paper explores Alyawarr English, a new contact language spoken in Ipmangker, a remote Alyawarr community of
Central Australia. Focusing on language use by children and drawing on a corpus of 50+ hrs of naturalistic video recordings,
several aspects of Alyawarr English are examined in detail. The analysis centres on the origins of nominal and verbal morphology,
with comparison to the patterns of replication evidenced in other new Australian contact languages. This reveals that children’s
Alyawarr English has several points of symmetry with these languages. Nominal inflectional morphology is primarily derived from
Alyawarr sources. Verb morphology is primarily derived from Kriol/English sources. The lexicon is derived from both Kriol/English
and Alyawarr sources. Variation between morphology of Alyawarr and Kriol/English sources is also considered in each domain, to
further elucidate what gets replicated and why in the ongoing development of new Australian contact languages.
The acquisition of consonant clusters and word stress by early second language learners of German
Authors: Grimm Angela , Domahs Ulrike
Published: December 2023

This study compared word-prosodic abilities of early second language learners (eL2) and monolingual learners of
German. We examined the production of word-initial and word-final clusters and the placement of stress and analyzed potential
effects of cross-linguistic influence (CLI). Monolingual German-speaking children (n = 38) and eL2-learners of
German (n = 26; age of onset to German 24 to 41 months) aged between 53 and 60 months completed a pseudoword
repetition task following the metrical and phonotactic constraints of German. We collected background information via parental
questionnaires. The eL2-learners acquired 12 different L1s. To explore the effects of CLI, we grouped the heritage languages by
the number of consonants permitted in word-initial and word-final position, the segmental make-up of clusters, and stress
patterns. The production accuracy of word-initial clusters and word stress was very high, indicating a high degree of maturation
and showing no effects of CLI. In contrast, the production accuracy of word-final clusters was lower and effects of CLI were
found, presumably related to smaller sonority distances compared to word-initial clusters. The study contributes empirically to
the under-investigated area of eL2 word-prosodic development.
Cultural factors influencing Bhutanese secondary science teachers’ implementation of action research (Factores culturales que influyen en la práctica de la investigación acción del profesorado de ciencias de un centro de secundaria de Bután)
Authors: Rabgay Tshewang , Kidman Gillian
Published: December 2023

As a new reform initiative, science teachers in Bhutan are encouraged to conduct action research to improve their teaching practices. This study explored the influence of Bhutanese culture on secondary science teachers’ implementation of action research. By focusing on the action research conducted by three secondary science teachers in a case study school, data were collected using interviews, teachers’ diaries and classroom observations. The data analysis using the coding procedure of grounded theory showed four cultural factors influencing teachers’ efforts. The hierarchical education culture led to curriculum coverage concerns and time constraints. The culture of respecting seniors without questioning, a part of the Driglam Namzha norm, impeded the teachers from seeking leadership support. Tha Dam Tshig, the Buddhist value of maintaining positive relationships, Lhachoe Gyewa Chu and Zhenphen, the Buddhist principles of benefitting others, amplified teachers’ motivation and team efforts. Recommendations are proposed for the Ministry of Education and school leaders to consider these factors in supporting teacher action research and for future international studies to consider the influence of religious values on action research.
Long live lamins
Authors: Jin Qi , Worman Howard J.
Published: December 2023

Mutations in genes encoding nuclear lamins cause diseases called laminopathies. In this issue, Hasper et al. (https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202307049) show that lamin A/C and the prelamin A variant in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome have relatively long lifetimes in affected tissues.
Characterization of the electrical properties of MPS schottky structures incorporating Fe doped polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Authors: Badali Yosef
Published: December 2023

This paper explores the effects of the organic interfacial layer on the electrophysical characteristics of Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs). Three types of SBDs were fabricated: Au-Si (referred to as MS), Au/PVC/Si (referred to as MPS1), and Au-/PVC:Fe/Si (referred to as MPS2). Fe nanopowders were subjected to analysis using XRD, SEM, and EDX techniques to investigate their structural and optical characteristics. To investigate the conduction mechanisms of these diodes, I-V characteristics were examined using thermionic-emission (TE), Cheung, and Norde functions. The surface-state density (N

ss
) distribution of energy was determined by analyzing the current–voltage (IF-VF) curve under forward bias conditions. This analysis considered the voltage-dependent barrier height (BH) and ideality factor (n(V)). The results demonstrated that the polymeric interlayer without Fe nanoparticles reduced N

ss
by a factor of 7, while the presence of Fe nanoparticles led to a two-order magnitude decrease, resulting in improved efficiency in comparison with MS structures. The obtained results indicated that including a polymeric layer in MPS structure enhanced their electrophysical features compared to MS diodes, and significantly increased rectification by 15–45 times. In summary, the existence of an organic interfacial layer significantly altered the conduction mechanisms and electrophysical characteristics of MPS diodes. It was found that the addition of Fe nanoparticles in the interlayer resulted in substantial improvements in N

ss
, efficiency, rectification, and conduction characteristics compared to MS diodes.
Assorted optical soliton solutions of the nonlinear fractional model in optical fibers possessing beta derivative
Authors: Islam M Nurul , Al-Amin M , Akbar M Ali , Wazwaz Abdul-Majid , Osman M S
Published: December 2023

The nonlinear Chen-Lee-Liu (CLL) equation is an important mathematical model that is employed in the evaluation of optical fiber communication systems. It considers several factors such as noise, dispersion, and nonlinearity that might affect the signal quality and data transmission rates in optical fiber networks. The design of optical fiber systems may be optimized by using the CLL model. In this paper, we have examined adequate soliton solutions that can be applied to the optics of the CLL model with a beta derivative utilizing the auxiliary equation and advanced generalized

G'

/

G

-expansion approaches. The bell-shaped, periodic, and other soliton-like properties are displayed in the numerical simulations of the resultant solutions and the necessary forms demonstrated the structure, propagation, and impact of the fractional parameter. The findings of this study show that the applied methodologies are dependable, effective, and competent to create optical soliton solutions for additional complex wave equations in optical fiber communication.
Solvatochromic shifts and solvent effects on the electronic and transport behaviour of 1-Chloro Adamantane
Authors: R Aravindhan , Momeen M Ummal , Hu Jianping
Published: December 2023

Solvent influence on the photophysical and electronic properties of 1-Chloro Adamantane (CAD) are investigated using experimental and computational methods. Measured UV–vis absorption of CAD in various solvents exhibits substantial solvatochromatic shifts with respect to the solvent polarity. As a result of this, optical absorption of CAD undergoes the bathochromic shifts in the nonpolar solvents and hypsochromic shifts in the polar solvents with respect to polarity. Theoretical computations of EOM-CCSD and CIS quantum chemical methods calculated by means of SMD solvation model demonstrate the solvent influence on the electronic structure of CAD which are in good agreement with the experimental results. Computed results show prominent solvation effect on Lewis and non-Lewis occupancies. Large excited state dipole moment of the CAD in various solvation suggests excited states are more polarized than the ground state. In addition to this, molecular polarizabilities and energies of HOMO and LUMO show dominant solvent effects on the chemical reactivity of the CAD upon solvation. This solvent specific behaviour of CAD finds applications in optical filters with its significant hydrophobic nature.
Impact of a nearby subhalo on the constraint of dark matter annihilation from cosmic ray antiprotons*
Authors: Zhao 赵 Yi 熠 , Bi 毕 Xiao-Jun 效军 , Lin 林 Su-Jie 苏杰 , Yin 殷 Peng-Fei 鹏飞
Published: December 2023

Numerous simulations indicate that a large number of subhalos should be hosted by the Milky Way. The potential existence of a nearby subhalo could have important implications for our understanding of dark matter (DM) annihilation. In this study, we investigate the hypothetical presence of a nearby subhalo and set the upper limits on the DM annihilation cross section by analyzing the cosmic-ray antiproton spectrum. By presenting the ratios of annihilation cross section limits for scenarios with and without a nearby subhalo, we can quantitatively evaluate the potential impact of the nearby subhalo on the limits of the DM annihilation cross section. The impacts of the concentration model and the subhalo probability distribution have been considered. We explore the antiproton contribution of the potential nearby DM subhalo accounting for the DAMPE

spectrum at

TeV and find that the current AMS-02 antiproton results do not limit this contribution.
Internal Insulation – four systems in one historic residential building
Authors: Pagoni Panagiota , Møller Eva B. , Hansen Tessa K.
Published: December 2023

Reducing the heat loss from European buildings must include thermal retrofitting of the historic buildings. In these cases, where buildings have facades worthy of preservation, internal insulation is the only solution although external insulation is better hygrothermal solution. Inspections in buildings with internal insulation have in multiple cases shown mold growth problems at the intersection between the original wall and the insulation. Thus, there is a need for real-life testing; i.e., raising the level of reality by using professional craftsmen to apply internal insulation to existing buildings inhabited by ordinary users. Building owners are more likely to accept these solutions when they have been tested in reality, and not only in the lab or with simulations, on efficiency, robustness, and moisture safety. In Denmark, the older, worthy-of-preservation, historic buildings are commonly built with solid masonry facades. Consequently, internal insulation might involve hygrothermal risks for the external walls. The present study describes a case study of a typical historic building built in 1837. In specific, the paper focuses on the top (5th) floor of the building, which is a residential area (a commune). On the 5th floor, four different types of insulation materials were installed in eight different rooms. The performance of the four insulation materials was determined by monitoring the temperature and relative humidity at the intersections between the insulation and the existing wall, as well as the indoor and outdoor climate. Results of the measurements of the available period showed that relative humidity is increasing for most of the sensors, with an exception of a few sensors that appear to have decreased values compared to the first month. Furthermore, the risk of mold growth was calculated with the VTT mold growth model based on performed measurements and indicated minimum to non-existent mold growth risk so far.
Frost Damage Risk in Insulated Masonry Walls: Challenges in Analysing Large Number of Numerical Simulations
Authors: Prignon Martin , Mets Timo De , Vereecken Evy , Tilmans Antoine
Published: December 2023

This paper presents and applies a methodology for conducting and analysing large number of numerical simulations to investigate the risk of frost damage in internally insulated masonry walls. In this context, 2500 simulations were conducted with Delphin 6 software following a full factorial design with six input variables: insulation material, insulation thickness, brick thickness, brick type, interior water vapour production and wall orientation. The methodology is applied to investigate four different aspects: (1) the choice of damage indicator, (2) the impact of critical temperature and moisture content, (3) the location of investigation and (4) the impact of wall properties and boundary conditions on the risk of frost damage. The simulations show a good correlation between the different indicators and point out the large impact of critical values for temperature and moisture content on the risk of frost damage. It also shows that brick type, insulation thickness and orientation are important parameters when looking at the risk of frost damage. Lastly, it suggests that an investigation point at 10 mm from the exterior surface should be preferred rather than the 5 mm generally used in the literature. The main limitation of this study is related to its transferability. On the one hand, transferring the methodology would require a simple adaptation of the statistical model used. On the other hand, transferring the results obtained from applying the methodology is more complicated since those are highly case-related. Further work should focus on the generalization of these conclusions, including – but not limited to – other climatic data and other material properties.
Modelling of mould growth on pine sapwood: the preliminary analysis of input parameters in a logistic mould growth model
Authors: Kopecký Pavel , Staněk Kamil
Published: December 2023

This paper deals with a logistic growth equation which was used for calculations of mould development on wood in time. The values of input parameters were determined by mutual comparisons of the logistic growth equation and synthetic mould growth data. Synthetic mould growth curves were calculated by the Finnish mould growth model for pine sapwood. A transition function between dimensionless mould index (the state variable of the Finnish mould growth model) and microscopic mould coverage fraction (the state variable of the logistic mould growth model) was proposed to facilitate numerical comparisons between both models. The insight to input parameters of the logistic mould growth model was then gained by plotting optimal values of parameters as a function of temperature and relative humidity, or moisture content. The setting of input parameters in mould growth models was then briefly discussed. It is concluded that further development of mould growth models should be based on systematic comparison with mould growth experiments. Not only growth under favourable conditions, but also the regrowth process after desiccation period must be correctly addressed in the model.
Hyperspectral camera technology for detection of fungal growth on building materials
Authors: Kristensen S M , Vanhoutteghem L , Hansen T , Laursen T R
Published: December 2023

Hyperspectral cameras are becoming more widely and frequently used as a valuable tool within different industries, from plant inspections to garbage sorting and used in the food and medical industry. However, the building industry has yet to embrace this technology, even though there are many potential benefits for application e.g., in building investigations. With a hyperspectral camera, it is possible to achieve a better colour characteristic than with an ordinary camera, allowing minor variations in the reflected colour spectra to be identified. As the growth of different fungal species reflects different colours, the current study investigates, if a hyperspectral camera can be used for detection of fungal growth on building materials.

A hyperspectral camera was used on a series of gypsum board samples, to test if fungal growth of three different species could be detected, and if fungal growth not yet visible to the human eye could be detected. The results showed that it was possible, with use of hyperspectral imaging, to detect fungal growth on the surface of the samples, and to distinguish between the three different fungal species. Also, it was possible to detect the early stages fungal growth before they were visible to the human eye.
Water uptake of porous building materials with extremely small air entrapment effects
Authors: Fukui Kazuma , Takada Satoru
Published: December 2023

When a porous material is near capillary saturation, entrapped air is expected to affect water transfer through the pores. Based on the results of water absorption tests at reduced air pressure, Janssen et al. (Energy Procedia, 2015) demonstrated that air entrapment prevents water absorption above capillary saturation. In this study, to understand the air entrapment effects on water transfer in the high-water-saturation region, we further examined the water transfer characteristics corresponding to extremely small air entrapment effects. First, using three common porous building materials, water uptake experiments were conducted at low air pressure near vacuum (several kilopascals), and the time evolution of the water absorption was measured. The results show that low air pressure accelerates water uptake by brick and aerated concrete specimens, whereas the water uptake by calcium silicate board specimens is not significantly affected. These differences among the materials are discussed from the viewpoint of the pore structure. Furthermore, the results of simultaneous water and air transfer calculations confirm that air entrapment and pressure development in the pores can significantly reduce the rate of water uptake and the water content that a material can reach after capillary absorption.