bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH DAYA TARIK WISATA DAN AKSESIBILITAS TERHADAP TINGKAT KUNJUNGAN WISATA KE DESA BOTI KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH SELATAN
Authors: Kabu Melky
Published: October 2019

Studi dalam penelitian ini mengenai pengaruh daya tarik wisata dan aksesibilitas terhadpa tingkat kunjungan wisata ke Desa Boti. Masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini yaitu :  (1) apakah daya tarik wisata mempengaruhi tingkat kunjungan wisata ke Desa Boti, (2) apakah aksesibilitas mempengaruhi tingkat kunjungan wisata ke desa Boti.

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis deskriptif kualitatif, data-data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dalam kondisi yang asli dan alamiah. Instrumen kunci dalam peneltian ini adalah peneliti sebagai alat penelitian, artinya peneliti sebagai alat utama pengumpul data dengan metode observasi, menyebarkan lembar pertanyaan dan melakukan wawancara. Pengumpulan sampel dengan cara purposive sampling. Keputusan dan hasil dari penelitian dikaitkan serta dianalisis secara descriptif, dengan mentrasnformasi datamentah ke dalam bentuk data yang mudah dimengerti dan ditafsirkan, termasuk menyusun, memanipulasi, dan menyajikan supaya menajdi suatu informasi. Kemudian menginterpretasi data sebagai kajian pokok.

Hasil yang didapat dalam penelitian ini adalah : pengaruh daya tarik wisata dalam hal ini daya tarik kebudayaan dengan presentasi 95% mempengaruhi tingkat kunjungan wisata ke desa boti, sedangakan pengaruh aksesibilitas dengan presentasi 90% mengatakan buruk.

Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan saran-saran untuk menciptakan pariwisata berkelanjutan di desa Boti (1) perlu ada perda untuk desa Boti (2) memperhatikan dan memperbaiki kondisi jalan ke desa Boti (3) diperhatikan sarana transportasi ke Desa Boti.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA HUTAN MANGROVE DI KAWASAN PANTAI OESAPA
Authors: Pellokila Imelda Regina , Sagala Novalina
Published: October 2019

Hutan mangrove di kawasan Pantai Oesapa Barat memiliki keunikan daya tarik tersendiri karena menawarkan atraksi wisata yang berbeda dari objek wisata lainya yaitu hutan mangrove dan hingga saat ini masih merupakan satu-satunya ekowisata hutan mangrove yang ada di Kota Kupang, yang dikelola oleh pemerintah kota kupang, dengan memberdayakan masyarakat lokal sebagai pelaku utama dalam menyajikan atraksi wisata yang ada. Namun seiring berjalanya waktu pengunjung yang datang mengunjungi objek wisata ini menurun. Dalam pengembangan objek wisata hutan mangrove terdapat halangan didalamnya diantaranya,kurangnya atraksiwisata pendukung, kurangnya sadar wisata dari masyarakat setempat, kurangnya kegiatan penanaman mangrove yang merupakan potensi objek wisata tersebut, sehingga perlu adanya pembinaan, pelatihan, penyuluhan terhadap masyarakat tentang pentingnya pengembangan potensi wisata yang ada. Metode penelitian yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan populasi dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling untuk menentukan sampel dan adanya penyebaran kuisioner kepada wisatawan yang berkunjung ke objek wisata. Data yang dikumpulkan diolah menggunakan metode analisis SWOT, IFAS dan EFAS.

Hasil penelitian kondisi objek wisata hutan mangrove secara keseluruhan dari segi fisiknya masih perlu sentuhan, perhatian dan pembangunan yang lebih lagi, baik itu dari pihak pemerintah yang bersangkutan maupun dari pihak pengelola dan masyarakat setempat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis SWOT langkah yang dapat dirumuskan dengan menggunakan kekuatan dan memanfaatkan peluang yaitu adanya kerja sama pihak pemerintah dan komunitas pariwisata lainya yang memanfaatkan potensi yang tersedia. Memanfaatkan atraksi yang tersedia dan menambahkan atraksi pendukung, memberdayakan masyarakat lokal, dan memanfaatkan lokasi untuk dijadikan tempat usaha pariwisata.
Linguistic Data Model for Natural Languages and Artificial Intelligence. Part 1. Categorization
Authors: Polyakov O. M.
Published: October 2019

Introduction. The article opens a series of publications on the linguistics of relations (hereinafter R–linguistics), the purpose of which is to formalize the processes studied by linguistics, to expand the possibilities of their use in artificial intelligence systems. At the heart of R-linguistics is the hypothesis that mental and linguistic activity is based on the use of consciousness model of the world, which is a system of specially processed relationships observed in the world or received by consciousness in the process of communication.

Methodology and sources. This article is devoted to the axiomatization of the categorization process. The research methods consist of the development of necessary mathematical concepts for linguistics.

Results and discussion. Axioms of categorization are defined and their equivalence with other systems of axioms is established. The concept of linguistic spaces, which consist of categories formed on the basis of axioms, is formulated. The properties of linguistic spaces are defined. In the paper are introduced the concepts of forming species which are important in decompositions of spaces, and in the transition to a parametric representation and language. Three variants of categorization are considered, the most important of which is verbal categorization. The evaluation of the results and their further development in different directions is carried out.

Conclusion. At the end of the article some additional comments are made for further publications of the series.
Ways to Specify Temporal Nouns in the “Livonian Rhymed Chronicle”
Authors: Tikhonova E. S.
Published: October 2019

Introduction.Introduction explores synchronic and diachronic researches of temporal nouns in German as well as their classifications. Combinations of time adverbials with attributes of different kind in the Middle High German period are studied insufficiently. The research was conducted in the field of historical pragmatics, which allows to specify the speaker’s attitude to a statement.

Methodology and sources.Material for the research is the “Livonian Rhymed Chronicle”. Provenience, specifics and the study of this text in linguistics and historiography as well as different points of view on the text’s poetics are considered. If the chronicle is considered as a conscious imitation of court epics, the functioning of its time adverbials is also to be considered from the court epic’s poetics’ point of view. Temporal organization of the Chronicle is not studied very well.

Results and discussion.Results of the research represent examples of temporal nouns in the Chronicle. Collected examples are divided into groups according to by what part of speech is an attribute represented: by nouns, adjectives, pronouns, adverbs, numerals and subordinate clauses. Most characteristic examples for each group are analyzed. Discussion is devoted to summarizing the investigation and reviewing the results. A conclusion is drawn that temporal nouns due to their attributes receive some quality that bears the main semantic charge, whereas the temporal noun itself is partly non-semantic. Parallels to the usage of time adverbials in court epics are drawn.

Conclusion.In the conclusion the connection between time presentation in the Chronicle and the medieval mentality is highlighted.
Long Noncoding RNA LL35/Falcor Regulates Expression of Transcription Factor Foxa2 in Hepatocytes in Normal and Fibrotic Mouse Liver
Authors: Sergeeva O. V. , Korinfskaya S. A. , Kurochkin I. I. , Zatsepin T. S.
Published: October 2019

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play important roles in the regulation of transcription, splicing, translation, and other processes in the cell. Human and mouse lncRNA (DEANR1 and LL35/Falcor, respectively) located in the genomic environment in close proximity to the Foxa2 transcription factor were discovered earlier. In this work, tissue-specific expression of LL35/Falcor lncRNA has been shown in mouse liver and lungs. The use of antisense oligonucleotides allowed us to achieve LL35/Falcor lncRNA downregulation by 90%. As a result, the level of Foxa2 mRNA and protein dropped, which confirms the involvement of LL35/Falcor lncRNA in the regulation of transcription factor Foxa2. We have shown a decrease in the expression of LL35 lncRNA in liver fibrosis, which correlates with the previously published data for mRNA Foxa2. Thus, lncRNA LL35 regulates Foxa2 expression in the liver not only in normal conditions, but also during development of fibrosis, which allows one to consider lncRNA a biomarker of this pathological process.
PENGARUH TEKNIK MARMET SEBAGAI UPAYA MENYUSUI EFEKTIF PADA POSTPARTUM PRIMIPARA
Authors: Mas'adah
Published: October 2019

Permasalahan yang umumnya timbul pada ibu nifas terkait pemberian ASI eksklusif adalah sindrom ASI kurang yang diakibatkan oleh bayi tidak cukup terpenuhi ASI nya sehingga mengalami ketidakpuasan setelah menyusu, bayi sering rewel, kotoran bayi keras dan payudara merasa diperbesar. Desain penelitian ini adalah Posttest only with control group designyang bertujuan untuk melihat efektivitas teknik Marmet pada upaya menyusui yang efektif . Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua ibu postpartum yang melahirkan di Puskesmas Tanjung karang Ampenan dengan teknik sampling accidental sampling sebanyak 24 responden. Variabel independennya adalah teknik marmet dan variabel dependennya menyusui secara efektif.  Untuk mengukur efektivitas menyusui dengan melihat produksi ASI melalui indikator volume urin bayi dihitung selama 24 Jam, frekuensi menyusui selama 24 jam dan lama tidur setelah menyusui melalui observasi kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Chi-Square. Kriteria menyusui efektif yang terdiri dari frekuensi bayi menyusui adalah signifikansi dari P = 0,07 (P > α), kriteria lama tidur P = 0,011 (P.< α) dan kriteria frekuensi buang air kecil P = 0,197 (P > α). Menyusui yang efektif akan mampu memberikan hasil yang baik setelah intervensi yang diberikan seperti teknik marmet terus menerus selama 1 minggu atau lebih postpartum dan sangat dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor terutama faktor ibu. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah bahwa sebagian besar kriteria tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan tentang teknik marmet terhadap upaya menyusui yang efektif.
Pengetahuan Gizi Remaja SMPN 40 Kota Bandung
Authors: Darmawati Irma , Arumiyati Sela
Published: October 2019

Pengetahuan gizi dapat menentukan status gizi dan perilaku remaja dalam memilih makanan. Peningkatan prevalensi masalah gizi di Indonesia tidak hanya sebatas masalah gizi kurang namun juga sudah bertambah menjadi beban ganda gizi lebih. Prevalensi masalah gizi lebih pada remaja umur 13-15 tahun di Indonesia sebesar 10,8%, terdiri dari 8,3 % overweight dan 2,5 % obesitas. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan gizi yang dimiliki oleh remaja dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan remaja tentang status gizi di SMPN 40 Kota Bandung. Didapatkan jumlah sampel sebanyak 89 orang dengan menggunakan teknik Proporsional Random Sampling. Analisa pengetahuan dilakukan melalui distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian di SMPN 40 Kota Bandung menunjukkan remaja berpengetahuan baik 48 orang (53,9%), cukup 22 orang (24,7%), kurang 19 orang (21,3%), dengan poin paling tinggi didapatkan pada kategori pengetahuan tentang status gizi lebih yaitu 81 orang (91,0%). Poin terendah didapatkan pada kategori cara penilaan status gizi yaitu 53 orang (59,6%). Pihak sekolah diharapkan lebih memperhatikan dan memberikan pendidikan tentang pengetahuan gizi dan status gizi. Bagi pelayanan kesehatan diharapkan lebih sering melakukan monitoring dan pembinaan UKS serta PMR di sekolah.
IDENTIFIKASI MIKROFILARIA PADA PENDERITA FILARIASIS PASCA PENGOBATAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS RUM BALIBUNGA
Authors: Puasa Roni
Published: October 2019

Latar belakang ; Filariasis adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi parasit nematoda yang tersebar di Indonesia. Penyakit ini jarang terjadi pada anak karena manifestasi klinisnya timbul bertahun-tahun kemudian setelah infeksi. Gejala pembengkakan kaki muncul karena sumbatan mikrofilaria pada pembuluh limfe yang biasanya terjadi pada usia di atas 30 tahun setelah terpapar parasit selama bertahun-tahun. Program eliminasi dilaksanakan melalui pengobatan massal dengan Diethylcarbamazine Citrate (DEC) dan Albendazol setahun sekali selama 5 tahun. Indonesia akan melaksanakan eliminasi penyakit kaki gajah secara bertahap dimulai pada tahun 2002 di 5 kabupaten percontohan. Jika ditemukan mikrofilaril rate ≥ 1% pada satu wilayah maka daerah tersebut dinyatakan endemis dan harus segera diberikan pengobatan secara masal selama 5 tahun berturut-turut. Dari data Kemeterian Kesehatan tahun 2010 Provinsi Maluku Utara termasuk pada daerah yang memiliki angka kesakitan akibat mikrofilaria patut menjadi perhatian, karena penyakit ini merupakan penyakit menular. Salah satu daerah di Provinsi Maluku Utara yang harus menjadi perhatian akibat kesakitan filariasis adalah Kota Tidore Kepulauan. Pada tahun 2011 Kota Tidore menjadi daerah endemis filariasis dengan miccrofilarial rate diatas ≥ 1%, angka standar nasional menggambarkan daerah endemis filariasis. Tujuan ; tujuan penelitian adalah ; untuk memberikan gambaran mikrofilaria yang ditemukan pada sediaan darah penderita filariasis pasca pengobatan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rum Balibunga Kecamatan Tidore Utara Kota Tidore Kepulauan. Metode ; penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Deskriptif, dimana hasil dari identifikasi mikrofilaria pada penderita filariasis pasca pengobatan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rum Balibunga akan digambarkan dalam bentuk jumlah orang dan presentase spesies. Hasil ; pemeriksaan mikrofilaria pada penderita filariasis pasca pengobatan diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Rum Balibunga Kecamatan Tidore Utara Kota Tidore Kepulauan, dari 20 sampel darah responden yang diidentifikasi tidak ditemukan mikrofilaria didalam darahnya. Kesimpulan ; dari hasil penelitian dapat dikatakan akan terjadi penurunan kasus filariasis, hal ini disebabkan sumber penularan atau penderita filariasis tidak ditemukan mikrofilariasis.
LEADERSHIP, CONTRIBUTION, LANGUAGE AND SHARED CONTENT AS METRICS IN MALAYSIAN MILLENNIALS’ DECISION MAKING
Authors: May Amy Yeo Chu , Carter Steve , Shuo Khor Zhan
Published: October 2019

Millennials have purchasing power second only to ‘baby boomers’. This generation grew up in a time of immense and fast-paced technological change. The study aims to investigate how this particular group of consumers made the decision based on their influencers, share content and common language in a virtually connected environment. A positivist paradigm to amass data from different business undergraduates who are familiar with the various social media and online purchases were used. Results revealed positive correlations between the constructs in and also indicated that ‘factors in communicating’, ‘Influencers recommendations’, ‘opinion leaders advice’, and ‘agreements with reference partner’ were statistically significant, making a unique contribution of prediction to the decision-making process. The limitations apply to a country-specific context, small sample size and a specific type of respondent. Studies in other contexts and with different respondents may yield different results. Whilst the study has confirmed and reinforced the importance of social media as a potent force in communication to and within Millennial groups, the study has highlighted that ‘collective intelligence’ in the purchase decision-making process has emerged as a result of the coalescing of social media with other complex individual factors like methods of advice and agreement with opinion leaders.
Metode Video Edukasi Efektif Meningkatkan Keterampilan Mahasiswa Melakukan Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD)
Authors: Ningsih Mira Utami , Atmaja Hadi Kusuma
Published: October 2019

Di Indonesia, diperkirakan sekitar 10 ribu orang pertahun mengalami henti jantung dan prevalensinya cenderung meningkat setiap tahun. Mahasiswa keperawatan perlu memiliki kemampuan melakukan Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) untuk meningkatkan angka survival pasien henti jantung di dalam maupun di luar rumah sakit. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas keterampilan mahasiswa adalah metode yang digunakan. Metode yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan mahasiswa yaitu metode video edukasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas video edukasi dalam meningkatkan kualitas keterampilan mahasiswa melakukan BHD. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif quasi experiment dengan pre-post test design. Melibatkan kelompok responden yang merupakan mahasiswa tingkat IV Prodi DIV Keperawatan Poltekkes Kemenkes Mataram yang telah mendapatkan kuliah kegawatdaruratan pada tahun 2018. Analisa data menggunakan uji statistik non parametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test untuk mengetahui perbedaan keterampilan mahasiswa sebelum dan sesudah diberikan video edukasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan nilai rerata keterampilan BHD sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan video edukasi. Uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test menunjukkan bahwa pemberian video edukasi berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan keterampilan BHD (p=0.001). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode video edukasi dapat meningkatkan keterampilan BHD. Metode tersebut dapat dikombinasikan atau diaplikasikan sebagai metode alternatif dalam proses belajar mengajar mata kuliah kegawatdaruratan khususnya tentang pemberian BHD.
Pengaruh Senam Hipertensi Lansia Terhadap Tekanan Darah Lansia Dengan Hipertensi Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Cakranegara Kelurahan Turida Tahun 2019
Authors: Sumartini Ni Putu , Zulkifli Zulkifli , Adhitya Made Anandam Prasetya
Published: October 2019

Hipertensi adalah suatu keadaan dimana seseorang mengalami peningkatan tekanan darah di atas normal yang mengakibatkan peningkatan angka kesakitan (morbiditas) dan angka kematian (mortalitas). Hipertensi pada lansia didefinisikan dengan tekanan sistolik di atas 160 mmHg dan tekanan diastolik diatas 90 mmHg. Senam hipertensi merupakan olah raga yang salah satunya bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aliran darah dan pasokan oksigen ke dalam otot-otot dan rangka yang aktif khususnya otot jantung sehingga dapat menurunkan tekanan darah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh senam hipertensi lansia terhadap tekanan darah lansia dengan hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cakranegara Kelurahan Turida Tahun 2019. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode rancangan pra-eksperimen, one group pretest-posttest. Jumlah sampel 30 orang yang diambil dengan teknik Purposive Sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan observasi tekanan darah sebelum dan sesudah intervensi, yang dilakukan dua kali seminggu selama empat minggu. Data tekanan darah dianalisa menggunakan paired sampel t-test dengan  α < 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata tekanan darah sistolik sebelum senam hipertensi lansia 151,80 mmHg, diastolik 94,73 mmHg dan rata-rata tekanan darah sistolik sesudah senam hipertensi lansia 137,13 mmHg, diastolik 90,27 mmHg. Hasil uji paired sampel t-test didapatkan þ= 0,000 <  α=0,05 sehingga H0 ditolak H1 diterima. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh yang signifikan senam hipertensi lansia terhadap tekanan darah lansia dengan hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cakranegara Kelurahan Turida Tahun 2019. Saran bahwa senam hipertensi lansia dapat menjadi alternatif senam yang dapat diberikan pada lansia yang mengikuti program Prolanis maupun kegiatan olahraga lain.
Pengaruh Metode Demonstrasi Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik Menyusui pada Ibu Post Sectio Caesarea di RSUD Kota Mataram Tahun 2018
Authors: Mulyana Tri Setya , Irmayani Irmayani
Published: October 2019

Latar Belakang : Menurut Profil Kesehatan NTB cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif tahun 2016 yaitu 86,63%, presentase ini sudah memenuhi target dalam pembangunan nasional dan strategi nasional sebesar 80%. Meskipun NTB telah mencapai target nasional akan tetapi untuk wilayah Kota Mataram cakupan ASI eksklusif masih kurang dari target yakni sebesar 79,90%. Informasi tentang teknik menyusui harus diberikan pada ibu post sectio caesarea karena pada ibu post sectio caesarea akan mengalami beberapa kendala seperti mobilisasi masih terbatas, tidak mengetahui teknik menyusui yang benar pada ibu post sectio caesarea, dan takut pada luka jahitan.Tujuan : Mengetahui pengaruh metode demonstrasi terhadap keterampilan teknik menyusui pada ibu post sectio caesarea di RSUD Kota Mataram tahun 2018.Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan pendektan nonequaivalent control group design dengan populasi seluruh ibu post sectio caesarea yang dirawat di RSUD Kota Mataram. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah accidental sampling. Analisa data dengan menggunakan uji independent t test.Hasil : Menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan teknik menyusui sebelum diberikan demonstrasi didapatkan rerata skor 56,9 sedangkan sesudah diberikan demonstrasi terjadi peningkatan yaitu rerata skor 84,6 dengan nilai p value 0,000.Kesimpulan : Ada pengaruh metode demonstrasi terhadap keterampilan teknik menyusui pada ibu post sectio caesarea.
Implications of converting a kraft pulp mill to a dissolving pulp operation with a hemicellulose extraction stage
Authors: MATEOS-ESPEJEL ENRIQUE , RADIOTIS THEODORE , JEMAA NACEUR
Published: October 2019

Global demand for dissolving pulp has been increasing at a remarkable pace over the last few years. A shortage in cotton and the expansion of the textile, hygiene, and health product markets are behind this booming demand. The Canadian pulp and paper industry has entered these markets by converting several paper-grade pulp mills to dissolving pulp producers. In the kraft process, part of the hemicellulose remains with the pulp after cooking and the rest is burnt in the recovery boiler to produce energy. In dissolving pulp mills, most of the hemicellulose must be removed from the wood chips in a pre-hydrolysis stage before pulping. Hemicellulose hydrolysis and its subsequent extraction will affect energy and chemical balances. In addition, the new operation will require large capital expenditures. The objective of this work was to study the conversion of a kraft pulp mill to a dissolving pulp operation and the extraction of hemicelluloses from the process. The effects of hemicellulose extraction on mill energy balance, equipment requirements, and new operating conditions were analyzed. Computer simulations of the process and thermal pinch analysis were used. The existing bottlenecks (digesters, lime kiln, and recovery boiler) to increasing the dissolving pulp production capacity were identified before and after the conversion. In addition, energy efficiency measures were identified to decrease the energy consumption of the new process.
Improving pulp yield for integrated southern hardwood kraft mills—significance and impact on chemical recovery, steam and power generation, and bleaching
Authors: ANDREWS JOHN D. , HART PETER W.
Published: October 2019

Researchers have been attempting to improve the yield of bleachable-grade kraft pulp for several decades. Wood is typically one of the major costs associated with kraft pulping. Therefore, it is typically assumed that improving pulp yield or conversely, reducing the amount of wood required to make a specific mass of pulp, is a cost-effective, lucrative endeavor. Although this may be true, it is important to understand the impact of increasing pulp yield on the interconnected processes within an integrated pulp and paper mill and to fully evaluate the cost implications on these processes. The current work employed several sets of laboratory pulping conditions and a WinGEMS model of a pulp mill, fully integrated with chemical recovery, power, and recausticization, and pulp drying islands to determine where the largest cost impact associated with improved pulp yield may be experienced.
Timber bamboo pulp
Authors: RUNGE TROY , HOUTMAN CARL , NEGRI ALBERTO , HEINRICHER JACKIE
Published: October 2019

Fast-growing biomass, such as bamboo, has the potential to serve an important future role in the pulp and paper industry with potential to both lower resource costs and improve a product’s sustainability. Moso bamboo is particularly interesting due to its fast growth and size, which allows it to be handled and chipped similarly to wood resources. In this study, we will share results of the chip preparation, kraft cooking, and ECF bleaching of this bamboo species and compare its pulpability, bleachability, and physical properties to a fast growing hybrid poplar tree. Results indicate that the bamboo chips cooked and bleached similarly to the poplar hardwood, allowing for co-cooking. The resulting pulps had superior tensile properties at low refining, but did have higher fines that lowered drainability as measured by Canadian Standard Freeness. The bamboo fiber morphology was also measured, indicating the fiber to have length weighted average fiber lengths and coarseness values to be greater than the poplar wood studied, which should allow this material to be used in many paper grades.
Economics of coated paper production made from deinked pulp
Authors: HUBER PATRICK , LYANNAZ LAURENT , CARRÉ BRUNO
Published: October 2019

The fraction of deinked pulp for coated paper production is continually increasing, with some mills using 100% deinked pulp for the base paper. The brightness of the coated paper made from deinked pulp may be reached through a combination of more or less extensive deinking, compensated by appropriate coating, to optimize costs overall. The authors proposed general optimization methods combined with Kubelka-Munk multilayer calculations to find the most economical combination of deinking and coating process that would produce a coated paper made from DIP, at a given target brightness, while maintaining mechanical properties.
Mechanical testing of thin film nanocellulose composites using buckling mechanics
Authors: KAN KEVIN H. M. , CRANSTON EMILY D.
Published: October 2019

The Young’s modulus of multilayer films containing cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) was measured using a buckling-based method and compared to analogous films containing nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and PEI [1]. For films 61 nm to 1.7 μm thick, the Young’s modulus was constant but strongly dependent on relative humidity. Films were stiffer at lower relative humidities, with modulus values of 16 ± 5, 12 ± 1, and 3.5 ± 0.3 GPa at 30%, 42%, and 64% relative humidities, respectively. CNC/PEI films had larger elastic moduli than NFC/PEI films. Both types of nanocellulose multilayer films showed the same modulus dependence on relative humidity over the range studied. Results suggest that ambient water might have an even more pronounced role in nanocomposites than in traditional natural fiber-reinforced composites. This straightforward buckling-based method has quantified mechanical properties and provided a useful comparison between CNC and NFC films. Furthermore, it qualitatively assesses that the components in the composite film are highly compatible and that the hydrophilicity and hygroscopicity of cellulose and PEI combined do not allow for the full mechanical potential of crystalline cellulose nanoelements to be exploited. This work is one approach toward finding dependable methods to characterize nanocellulose, specifically cellulosic thin films, which is increasingly important as we extract nanocellulose from wood, plants, algae, bacteria, and animals and enter a new age of cellulose materials.
Effects of flashing on spray characteristics of splashplate nozzles
Authors: KARAMI REZA , KANKKUNEN ARI , ASHGRIZ NASSER , TRAN HONGHI
Published: October 2019

The effects of flashing on black liquor spray patterns were investigated by analyzing numerous spray images obtained from laboratory experiments using small scale splashplate nozzles with water and experiments using actual size splashplate nozzles with black liquor. The results showed that flashing produces small droplets and increases droplet velocity. The liquor mass flow rate varies with direction: the rate is higher at the center than at the sides of the spray sheet, particularly at a lower excess temperature. At a higher excess temperature, however, the mass distribution becomes more uniform across the spray sheet. Criteria were developed for predicting the onset of flashing and for estimating the mean droplet size of the black liquor spray under flashing conditions.
Environmental benefits of magnesium hydroxide-based peroxide bleaching of mechanical pulp – mill results
Authors: HIETANEN TOMI , TAMPER JUHA , BACKFOLK KAJ
Published: October 2019

The use of a new, technical, high-purity magnesium hydroxide-based peroxide bleaching additive was evaluated in full mill-scale trial runs on two target brightness levels. Trial runs were conducted at a Finnish paper mill using Norwegian spruce (Picea abies) as the raw material in a conventional pressurized groundwood process, which includes a high-consistency peroxide bleaching stage. On high brightness grades, the use of sodium-based additives cause high environmental load from the peroxide bleaching stage. One proposed solution to this is to replace all or part of the sodium hydroxide with a weaker alkali, such as magnesium hydroxide. The replacement of traditional bleaching additives was carried out stepwise, ranging from 0% to 100%. Sodium silicate was dosed in proportion to sodium hydroxide, but with a minimum dose of 0.5% by weight on dry pulp. The environmental effluent load from bleaching of both low and high brightness pulps was significantly reduced. We observed a 35% to 48% reduction in total organic carbon (TOC), 37% to 40% reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD), and 34% to 60% reduction in biological oxygen demand (BOD7) in the bleaching effluent. At the same time, the target brightness was attained with all replacement ratios. No interference from transition metal ions in the process was observed. The paper quality and paper machine runnability remained good during the trial. These benefits, in addition to the possibility of increasing production capacity, encourage the implementation of the magnesium hydroxide-based bleaching concept.
Managing uncertainty: A case for using real options with option pricing model (OPM) to evaluate capital investment
Authors: PARTHASARATHY V.R. PERRY
Published: October 2019

The pulp and paper industry relies heavily on the traditional discounted cash flow-based net present value (DCF-NPV) for making capital investment decisions. The deficiency of the DCF-NPV model is that it is static; once a pattern of cash flow is established, management does not have the option to change the direction when new information is available. However, flexibility to alter the investment decision is a powerful strategic and capital investment tool. Abundant research has established strong precedence for applications of “real options” in operational and strategic settings to provide useful insights in the evaluation of irreversible investments under uncertainty. The binomial or Black-Scholes option pricing model (OPM) for strategic planning and capital investment has been used in many other industries but not in the pulp and paper industry. The pulp and paper industry, though very capital intensive, has provided poor to moderate return on investment or return on capital and has never used the OPM and the flexibility it offers for capital investment decisions. This paper makes a case for using OPM for capital investment decisions by using the example of a hypothetical North American mill considering investments to modernize its papermaking operation.
Colloidal organic content and tackiness of coated broke and recycled fiber
Authors: HAYNES R. DANIEL
Published: October 2019

The consistency, temperature and duration of repulping of coated broke and recycled fiber can determine the amount of colloidal organics liberated and the tackiness. In this study, old magazines, old newspapers, coated paper, envelopes, sticky notes, and office paper were repulped at differing consistency, temperature, and duration. The colloidal and dissolved organic content was measured along with the tackiness of each pulping condition to better understand the stickies and white pitch released. This understanding of released colloidal stickies and colloidal white pitch during repulping treatment by means of fixative was applied to an examination of stabilizers and detackifiers to determine best means of control. This work developed a tackiness scale for typical furnish used in recycling to help understand the tackiness associated with adhesives (envelopes and sticky notes) and paper additives (office paper, old magazines, and coated paper) compared to old newspapers and to recycled lap pulp. The study found that the adhesive-containing papers (envelopes and sticky notes) is 4–10 times tackier than old magazines and really is not comparable when considering old newspapers. Compared to recycle lap pulp, adhesive-contaminated paper is 50–150 times tackier and coated paper is 15–50 times tackier than recycle lap pulp. The evaluation shows that more tacky components are released during pulping at higher temperatures and lower consistencies.
Pengaruh Lokasi dan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Loyalitas Konsumen pada Fotocopy Anugrah Rengat
Authors: Hermanto Hermanto , Apriansyah Roky , Fikri Khusnul , Albetris Albetris
Published: October 2019

This research was conducted on AnugrahPhotocopy in Rengat with the aim to determine the effect of Location and Service Quality to Consumer Loyalty atRengatPhotocopy in Rengat. Sampling was done by random sampling method with 98 samples as respondents. The analytical method used is a quantitative descriptive method, data analysis with partially and simultaneously act (multiple linear regression analysis with the help of the IBM SPSS Stastic program version 21.0). From the results of the research, obtained a regression equation that is Y = 9,881 + 0,243X1 + 0,321X2, it can be seen that Location and Service Quality has a positive influence to Consumer Loyalty atAnugrahPhotocopy in Rengat. In addition, simultaneous testing (Test F), has been obtained F count> F table that is equal to 6.311> 3.09. So that the two independent variables namely location and service quality together have a positive and significant effect on the dependent variable, namely Consumer Loyalty atAnugrahPhotocopy in Rengat. While the Partial Regression Test (t test) shows that location variables significantly influence to Consumer Loyalty at Anugrah Photocopyin Rengat, t arithmetic> t table of 2.554> 1.98525. Variable service quality is more dominant significant effect to Consumer Loyalty at Anugrah Photocopyin Rengat namely t arithmetic> t table of 3.447> 1.98525. In addition, the results of the multiple correlation coefficient is 0.742 which shows the level of relationship between all independent variables to the dependent variable in this research is in the criteria of high relationship closeness. The magnitude of the effect caused by these three variables together affect the consumer loyalty variable with a percentage of 55.1%. While 44.9% is influenced by other factors not included in this study.
Pelaksanaan Hak Mengajukan Rancangan Peraturan Daerah dan Hak Imunitas Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah
Authors: Ansori Mhd
Published: October 2019

There are several opinions regarding the function of the Regional People Representative Assembly, according to Jimly Asshiddiqie "the function of legislation or regulation in its concrete form is manifested in the function of forming regulations that bind citizens" and Bagir Manan said "the budget function is the right to participate in setting regional annual budgets". In practice, in formulating legislation including the formulation and formulation of regional regulations, Regional People Representative Assembly often has difficulties in generating initiatives to draft Regional Regulations that will become a policy in the administration of government and development. According to Bagir Manan in his book explaining the right of immunity namely the immunity rights of a member of the House of Representatives from certain legal processes, unless the immunity is dated or abandoned. To analyze how the application of the concept of the implementation of rights proposes a draft regional regulation and immunity rights for members of the Regional Representatives Council in Indonesia. the type of research used is normative juridical research, namely research focused on examining the application of rules or norms in positive law. This research uses "conceptual approaches, legislative approaches, and historical approaches".
Perkawinan Tradisi Jujuran dalam Adat Bugis Perantau di Kutai Kartangera: Suatu Kajian Perbandingan dengan Hukum Islam
Authors: Nugroho Eko Rial , Wahid Abdul
Published: October 2019

One of the marriage processions is the presence of dowry. The culture of giving dowry differs from one region to another. The practice of the jujuran tradition in Kuala Samboja Village, Samboja District, Kutai Kartanegara District has social impacts, including men feeling restrained to get married. Whereas Islam provides convenience, so that each can enjoy a halal and good relationship. The problem is how is the comparison between marriage with the jujuran tradition in the Bugis nomads in Kutai Kartanegara with marriage in Islamic Law. The research method is a normative legal research that bases its analysis on legislation related to the research problems studied. The approach in this study is a doctrinal approach. Sources of research data are secondary data, namely data obtained from library research in the form of legal materials consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, tertiary legal materials. The results of the study, first, the jujuran tradition is a unity in the traditional marriage procession of the community of Kuala Samboja Village, Samboja District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. The jujuran tradition is one of the benchmarks for the sustainability of marriage plans. The principle of marriage in the jujuran tradition is that marriage will not be carried out or canceled, if the jujuran cannot be fulfilled by the prospective bridegroom and his family. Secondly, marriage in Islam must fulfill the terms and conditions of marriage. The marriage guardian is one of the important elements in a marriage contract because marriage will no longer valid if it is done without guardian. There has been event that a marriage guardian refusing to marry his daughter on the grounds of contradicting the syara’, a reason that are not justified by the law of shara 'which is referred to as adhal (reluctant) then there must be replaced by wali hakim. The position of the wali hakim in the process of the marriage as the guardian in lieu of the guardian of the prospective bride or replacing the position of the nashab guardian who, due to certain circumstances, cannot or does not want to become a marriage guardian for his daughter. The position and authority of the judge's guardian is the same as the nashab guardian or guardian of the bride lady who is under his guardianship.
Incidence of Endodontic Flare-up in Diabetic and Normal Individual: A 100 case study
Authors: Chowdhury Shirin Sultana , Howlader MR , Karim AA , Quader SM
Published: October 2019

Diabetic mellitus is a burning issue in medical ground. If Pulp or periapical pathology develops on diabetic patient, it may need extra attention to manage by root canal treatment. Because very often diabetic patients develop hyperglycemia, leading complex immune response and enhanced virulence of certain microorganism and commonly cause exaggerbration of inter appointment clinical complain like, pain and swelling known as flare-up. The purpose of this study was to clinically examine the development of endodontic flare-up following endodontic intervention in control and in diabetic patient group. In the present study, overall incidence of inter-appointment flare-up in diabetic patients was found to be 19% whereas in non-diabetic group, incidence was 8% that was almost half to the diabetic group. So, this study conclude that root canal treatment can be comfortably done in controlled diabetic patient but need extra care during endodontic treatment if the patient is suffered from uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.

Update Dent. Coll. j: 2019; 9 (2): 3-6
Prevalence of Linea Alba Buccalis in Bangladeshi Population
Authors: Md Anisuzzaman Mostafa , Khan Mohammad Tariqul Islam , Hasan Sajid , Adnan Nubad , Afrin Alia
Published: October 2019

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of linea alba buccalis in Bangladeshi population.

Objective: To study the prevalence of frictional keratosis encompassed by the particular age groups with and without parafunctional habits.

Background: Linea alba buccalis is a thickened whitish line on the buccal mucosa at the horizontal of the occlusal plane extending from the corners of the mouth to the posterior teeth. It is usually correlated with the frictional activity of the teeth and may be emphasized by cheek biting or parafunction. The appearance is caused by a keratosis of the epithelial tissue, which cannot be rubbed off. It is asymptomatic and is frequently present bilaterally. The condition does not require treatment.

Logic: Linea alba buccalis being common finding, it may also found in individuals who chew tobacco, a thorough analysis of the prevalence along with the various contributing factors would assist in prompt treatment and prevent further complications.

Update Dent. Coll. j: 2019; 9 (2): 17-19
LSTR 3 Mix MP Therapy and Conventional Root Canal Therapy: A comparative Clinical & Radiological Study for The treatment outcome of Irreversible Pulpitis In Permanent Tooth
Authors: Sultana Shiren , Afroz Shamima , Karim Fahd AA , Saki Nushrat , Sheikh Md Abdul Hannan , Mohammad wahiduzzaman - , Moral Ali Asgor
Published: October 2019

Background: LSTR therapy is considered as one of the most widely accepted clinical procedure for the treatment of permanent tooth with irreversible pulpitis with minimum destruction of tooth tissue

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiographic findings of permanent tooth with irreversible pulpitis by LSTR 3Mix MP therapy and compare with conventional root canal therapy.

Methods: According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 40 teeth were enrolled in this study, out of which 20 teeth treated with LSTR 3Mix MP Therapy, (Group-I) and the remaining 20 teeth treated with conventional root canal therapy (Group-2). Clinical and radiological Follow up examinations were performed at 3, 6- and 12-months interval to investigate the incidence of postoperative pain, tenderness to percussion, swelling and periodical radiolucency, collected date was analyzed by using Statistical package for Social Science (SPSS) version 17. Statistical analysis was performed by Chisquare test to assess the difference between the clinical outcome of Group 1 and 2; a value of P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results: At 3 months observation period, LSTR and Conventional root canal therapy showed 100% success rate in treating teeth with irreversible pulpits; neither pain nor any tenderness on percussion or post-operative swelling was observed. Radiographic examination also revealed no sign of radiolucent area. At 6 and 12 months following the completion of the treatment, except in one case in each observation period, there results were similar to that of 3 months. One LSTR (5%) and one conventional (5%) therapy reported pain, tenderness on percussion and swelling with peripical lesion. There were no statistical differences between the two groups (p>0.05).

Conclusions: It can be concluded that LSTR 3 Mix MP Therapy proved to be effective in treating teeth with irreversible pulpitis; with similar clinical and radiological outcome to conventional root canal treatment within one-year observation period.

Update Dent. Coll. j: 2019; 9 (2): 20-26
Knowledge and Oral Hygiene Practice by School Children in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
Authors: Kabir Mohammad Nazmul , Ahmed Md Bashir , Khan Mahbuba
Published: October 2019

Background: A healthy mouth enables people to eat, speak and socialize without pain, discomfort or embarrassment. The Oral cavity is a portal of entry and the site for microbial infections that affect overall health status; Oral diseases are one of the most prevalent diseases, endangering our health and safety.

Objectives: the objective of this study was to identify oral hygiene practiced by school children in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among 474 students of class IX of at randomly selected Schools in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. The samples were collected by purposive sampling technique and a structured questionnaire considering objectives of the study was used to collect data, Data were collected by faceto- face interview of the students, SPSS software (version 19) was used to analyze the data, and descriptive statistics and chi-square test were done.

Results: Maximum, {274(57.8%)} children brushed their teeth every day at age of 5 to 10) years, and 233 (49.2%) children Brushed their teeth at morning and night, Relationship between age and oral hygiene practice is statistically significant (P value 0.03). Male and female are relatively same in oral hygiene practice. Most of {438(92.4%)} the children clean teeth with tooth brush and tooth paste, 243(51.3%) children used tooth brush in upward and downward direction.

Conclusion: Age, parents’ education, teachers, others personnel’s and media are important factors to motivate the children to maintain oral hygiene regularly, property and using teeth cleaning devices and materials.

Update Dent. Coll. j: 2019; 9 (2): 27-31
Pengembangan Sistem Presensi Dan Kedisiplinan Dosen Terhadap Biaya Operasional Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Wantoro Agus
Published: October 2019

Salah satu tugas dosen adalah melaksanakan tri darma perguruan tinggi yaitu melakukan pengajaran. Beberapa perguruan tinggi, presensi dosen mengajar masih dilakukan tulis tangan yang dilakukan oleh dosen yang bersangkutan dengan mengisi form presensi dosen. Bagi dosen yang tidak dapat mengajar sesuai jadwalnya, maka akan ditulis sebagai ketidakdisiplinan dosen yang dicatat manual kedalam form kesiplinan dosen oleh staf tata usaha setiap minggu. Sistem ini masih digunakan dibeberapa perguruan tinggi di IndonesiaBerdasarkan sistem yang saat ini berjalan, terdapat beberapa kelemahan seperti manipulasi presensi dosen yang tidak mengajar tetapi menulis pada daftar kehadiran atau presensi dosen. Dosen mengisi presensi terkadang tidak rutin sesuai jam mengajar yang mengkibatkan dosen tidak sesuai dengan jam mengajar yang dapat merugikan instansi. Penggunaan kertas yang digunakan mengisi presensi menggunakan biaya yang tidak sedikit, dengan jumlah dosen 120 yang menggunakan form presensi 2 lembar, maka membutuhkan 240 lembar per bulan dengan biaya Rp.48.000. Jika dalam 1 tahun, maka biaya yang dibutuhkan sekitar Rp.576.000. Setiap akhir bulan pembuatan rekap presensi dosen membutuhkan waktu yang sangat lama sekitar 8 jam. Selain presensi dosen, rekap kedisiplinan membutuhkan waktu 30 menit yang rutin dilakukan setiap minggu. Selain itu, pemantauan beban jam kerja dosen belum termonitor dengan baik.Menggunakan sistem presensi dan pengolahan data kedisiplinan dosen secara komputerisasi, untuk melakukan presensi dosen tidak perlu mengisi form kehadiran karna sudah dilakukan oleh staf tata usaha. Kesalahan presensi dosen dapat berkurang. Pembuatan rekap presensi dosen lebih mudah dan cepat hanya membutuhkan waktu 1 menit. Biaya operasioanl berkurang Rp.576.000/bulan karna tidak perlu menggunakan form presensi dosen. Rekap kedisiplinan setiap minggu hanya membutuhkan waktu 30 detikKatakunci : Presensi, Kesidiplinan Dosen, Biaya Operasional