bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WIYN Open Cluster Study 89. M48 (NGC 2548) 2: Lithium Abundances in the 420 Myr Open Cluster M48 from Giants through K Dwarfs*

†
Authors: Sun Qinghui , Deliyannis Constantine P. , Steinhauer Aaron , Anthony-Twarog Barbara J. , Twarog Bruce A.
Published: July 2023

We consider WIYN/Hydra spectra of 329 photometric candidate members of the 420 Myr old open cluster M48 and report lithium detections or upper limits for 234 members and likely members. The 171 single members define a number of notable Li-mass trends, some delineated even more clearly than in Hyades/Praesepe: the giants are consistent with subgiant Li dilution and prior MS Li depletion due to rotational mixing. A dwarfs (8600–7700 K) have upper limits higher than the presumed initial cluster Li abundance. Two of five late A dwarfs (7700–7200 K) are Li-rich, possibly due to diffusion, planetesimal accretion, and/or engulfment of hydrogen-poor planets. Early F dwarfs already show evidence of Li depletion seen in older clusters. The Li–T
eff trends of the Li Dip (6675–6200 K), Li Plateau (6200–6000 K), and G and K dwarfs (6000–4000 K) are very clearly delineated and are intermediate to those of the 120 Myr old Pleiades and 650 Myr old Hyades/Praesepe, which suggests a sequence of Li depletion with age. The cool side of the Li Dip is especially well defined with little scatter. The Li–T
eff trend is very tight in the Li Plateau and early G dwarfs, but scatter increases gradually for cooler dwarfs. These patterns support and constrain models of the universally dominant Li depletion mechanism for FGK dwarfs, namely rotational mixing due to angular momentum loss; we discuss how diffusion and gravity-wave-driven mixing may also play roles. For late G/K dwarfs, faster rotators show higher Li than slower rotators, and we discuss possible connections between angular momentum loss and Li depletion.
Multiheight Observations of Atmospheric Gravity Waves at Solar Disk Center
Authors: Vesa Oana , Jackiewicz Jason , Reardon Kevin
Published: July 2023

Atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) are low-frequency, buoyancy-driven waves that are generated by turbulent convection and propagate obliquely throughout the solar atmosphere. Their proposed energy contribution to the lower solar atmosphere and sensitivity to atmospheric parameters (e.g., magnetic fields and radiative damping) highlight their diagnostic potential. We investigate AGWs near a quiet-Sun disk center region using multiwavelength data from the Interferometric Bidimensional Spectrometer and the Solar Dynamics Observatory. These observations showcase the complex wave behavior present in the entire acoustic-gravity wave spectrum. Using Fourier spectral analysis and local helioseismology techniques on simultaneously observed line core Doppler velocity and intensity fluctuations, we study both the vertical and horizontal properties of AGWs. Propagating AGWs with perpendicular group and phase velocities are detected at the expected temporal and spatial scales throughout the lower solar atmosphere. We also find previously unobserved, varied phase difference distributions among our velocity and intensity diagnostic combinations. Time–distance analysis indicates that AGWs travel with an average group speed of 4.5 km s−1, which is only partially described by a simple simulation, suggesting that high-frequency AGWs dominate the signal. Analysis of the median magnetic field (4.2 G) suggests that propagating AGWs are not significantly affected by quiet-Sun photospheric magnetic fields. Our results illustrate the importance of multiheight observations and the necessity of future work to properly characterize this observed behavior.
Continuous Filament Network of the Local Universe
Authors: Tugay Anatoliy , Tarnopolski Mariusz
Published: July 2023

Simulated galaxy distributions are suitable for developing filament detection algorithms. However, samples of observed galaxies, being of limited size, cause difficulties that lead to a discontinuous distribution of filaments. We created a new galaxy filament catalog composed of a continuous cosmic web with no lone filaments. The core of our approach is a ridge filter used within the framework of image analysis. We considered galaxies from the HyperLeda database with redshifts 0.02 ≤ z ≤ 0.1, and in the solid angle 120° ≤ R.A. ≤ 240°, 0° ≤ decl. ≤ 60°. We divided the sample into 16 two-dimensional celestial projections with redshift bin Δz = 0.005, and compared our continuous filament network with a similar recent catalog covering the same region of the sky. We tested our catalog on two application scenarios. First, we compared the distributions of the distances to the nearest filament of various astrophysical sources (Seyfert galaxies and other active galactic nuclei, radio galaxies, low-surface-brightness galaxies, and dwarf galaxies), and found that all source types trace the filaments well, with no systematic differences. Next, among the HyperLeda galaxies, we investigated the dependence of the g − r color distribution on the distance to the nearest filament, and confirmed that early-type galaxies are located on average further from the filaments than late-type ones.
Magnetic Effects Promote Supermassive Star Formation in Metal-enriched Atomic-cooling Halos
Authors: Hirano Shingo , Machida Masahiro N. , Basu Shantanu
Published: July 2023

Intermediate-mass black holes (with ≥105
M
⊙) are promising candidates for the origin of supermassive black holes (with ∼109
M
⊙) in the early universe (redshift z ∼ 6). Chon & Omukai first pointed out direct collapse black hole (DCBH) formation in metal-enriched atomic-cooling halos (ACHs), which relaxes the DCBH formation criterion. On the other hand, Hirano et al. showed that magnetic effects promote DCBH formation in metal-free ACHs. We perform a set of magnetohydrodynamical simulations to investigate star formation in magnetized ACHs with metallicities Z/Z
⊙ = 0, 10−5, and 10−4. Our simulations show that the mass accretion rate onto the protostars becomes lower in metal-enriched ACHs than in metal-free ACHs. However, many protostars form from gravitationally and thermally unstable metal-enriched gas clouds. Under such circumstances, the magnetic field rapidly increases as magnetic field lines wind up due to the spin of protostars. The region with the amplified magnetic field expands outwards due to the orbital motion of protostars and the rotation of the accreting gas. The amplified magnetic field extracts angular momentum from the accreting gas, promotes the coalescence of low-mass protostars, and increases the mass growth rate of the primary protostar. We conclude that the magnetic field amplification is always realized in metal-enriched ACHs regardless of the initial magnetic field strength, which affects the DCBH formation criterion. In addition, we find a qualitatively different trend from the previous unmagnetized simulations in that the mass growth rate is maximal for extremely metal-poor ACHs with Z/Z
⊙ = 10−5.
Tidal Spin-up of Black Hole Progenitor Stars
Authors: Ma 马 Linhao 林昊 , Fuller Jim
Published: July 2023

Gravitational wave observations indicate the existence of merging black holes (BHs) with high spin (a ≳ 0.3), whose formation pathways are still an open question. A possible way to form those binaries is through the tidal spin-up of a Wolf–Rayet (WR) star by its BH companion. In this work, we investigate this scenario by directly calculating the tidal excitation of oscillation modes in WR star models, determining the tidal spin-up rate, and integrating the coupled spin–orbit evolution for WR–BH binaries. We find that, for short-period orbits and massive WR stars, the tidal interaction is mostly contributed by standing gravity modes, in contrast to Zahn’s model of traveling waves, which is frequently assumed in the literature. The standing modes are less efficiently damped than traveling waves, meaning that prior estimates of tidal spin-up may be overestimated. We show that tidal synchronization is rarely reached in WR–BH binaries, and the resulting BH spins have a ≲ 0.4 for all but the shortest-period (P
orb ≲ 0.5 day) binaries. Tidal spin-up in lower-mass systems is more efficient, providing an anticorrelation between the mass and spin of the BHs, which could be tested in future gravitational wave data. Nonlinear damping processes are poorly understood but may allow for more efficient tidal spin-up. We also discuss a new class of gravito-thermal modes that appear in our calculations.
Big Three Dragons: Molecular Gas in a Bright Lyman-break Galaxy at z = 7.15
Authors: Hashimoto Takuya , Inoue Akio K. , Sugahara Yuma , Fudamoto Yoshinobu , Fujimoto Seiji , Knudsen K. K. , Matsuo Hiroshi , Tamura Yoichi , Yamanaka Satoshi , Harikane Yuichi , Kuno Nario , Ono Yoshiaki , Salak Dragan , Ishii Nozomi
Published: July 2023

We report Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Band 3 observations of CO(6−5), CO(7−6), and [C i](2−1) in B14-65666 (“Big Three Dragons”), one of the brightest Lyman-break galaxies at z > 7 in the rest-frame ultraviolet continuum, far-infrared continuum, and emission lines of [O iii] 88 μm and [C ii] 158 μm. CO(6−5), CO(7−6), and [C i](2−1), whose 3σ upper limits on the luminosities are approximately 40 times fainter than the [C ii] luminosity, are all not detected. The L
[C II]/L
CO(6–5) and L
[C II]/L
CO(7–6) ratios are higher than the typical ratios obtained in dusty star-forming galaxies or quasar host galaxies at similar redshifts, and they may suggest a lower gas density in the photodissociated region in B14-65666. By using the (1) [C ii] luminosity, (2) dust mass-to-gas mass ratio, and (3) a dynamical mass estimate, we find that the molecular gas mass (M
mol) is (0.05–11) × 1010
M
⊙. This value is consistent with the upper limit inferred from the nondetection of mid-J CO and [C i](2−1). Despite the large uncertainty in M
mol, we estimate a molecular gas-to-stellar mass ratio (μ
gas) of 0.65–140 and a gas depletion time (τ
dep) of 2.5–550 Myr; these values are broadly consistent with those of other high-redshift galaxies. B14-65666 could be an ancestor of a passive galaxy at z ≳ 4 if no gas is fueled from outside the galaxy.
Effectiveness of Health Management Education for Congestive Heart Failure Patients in Surabaya
Authors: Wardani Erika Martining , Nugroho Riezky Faisal , Setiyowati Eppy , Khafid Muhammad , Purwanti Nunik
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Health problems with cardiovascular system disorders including congestive heart failure (CHF) still rank highly. CHF is one of the heart diseases that continue to increase in incidence and prevalence every year, including in Indonesia. Lack of health education about how home care is a factor increases the incidence of rehospitalization in CHF patients. Here, researchers have provided knowledge to patients about how things to avoid, foods to avoid, recommended foods, and diet to do.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze effectiveness of health management education for CHF patients in Surabaya.
METHODS: The research method used is quantitative analytics with a pre-experimental design with an approach (one group pre-post-test design). The population in this study was all CHF patients admitted to hospitals in Surabaya as many as 150 respondents. Sampling using accidental  sampling technique. Data were analyzed using and Wilcoxon test.
RESULTS: Wilcoxon test results obtained knowledge (p = 0.000), diet (p = 0.001), and physical activity (p = 0.001) which means there is an influence on providing health management education for CHF patients.
CONCLUSION: Health management education effectiveness for CHF patients in Surabaya. Health-care providers can add health education programs for patients with CHF or other diseases, as a form of nursing service implementation.
Interatrial Septum Hypertrophy: A Pitfall in Bicaval Cannulation
Authors: Baikoussis Nikolaos G. , Theodorakis Emmanouil , Alexopoulou-Prunia Lukia , Milas Theodoros
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum is a rare benign cardiac condition characterized by fatty tissue infiltration of the septum.
CASE PRESENTATION: We presented some interesting images and some possible pitfalls during the cannulation in this circumstance.
CONCLUSION: Surgical therapy appears to be reserved to patients with SVC obstruction or any rhythm disturbances.
Statistical characterization of vaccinated cases and deaths due to COVID-19: methodology and case study in South America
Authors: Martin-Barreiro Carlos , Cabezas Xavier , Leiva Víctor , Ramos-De Santis Pedro , Ramirez-Figueroa John A. , Delgado Erwin J.
Published: July 2023

Many studies have been performed in different regions of the world as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this work, we perform a statistical study related to the number of vaccinated cases and the number of deaths due to COVID-19 in ten South American countries. Our objective is to group countries according to the aforementioned variables. Once the groups of countries are built, they are characterized based on common properties of countries in the same group and differences between countries that are in different groups. Countries are grouped using principal component analysis and K-means analysis. These methods are combined in a single procedure that we propose for the classification of the countries. Regarding both variables, the countries were classified into three groups. Political decisions, availability of resources, bargaining power with suppliers and health infrastructure among others are some of the factors that can affect both the vaccination process and the timely care of infected people to avoid death. In general, the countries acted in a timely manner in relation to the vaccination of their citizens with the exception of two countries. Regarding the number of deaths, all countries reached peaks at some point in the study period.
Single-center study on clinicopathological and typical molecular pathologic features of metastatic brain tumor
Authors: Kim Su Hwa , Lee Young Suk , Lee Sung Hak , Sung Yeoun Eun , Lee Ahwon , Kang Jun , Park Jae-Sung , Jeun Sin Soo , Lee Youn Soo
Published: July 2023

Background: The metastatic brain tumor is the most common brain tumor. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the clinicopathological and molecular pathologic features of brain metastases (BM).Methods: A total of 269 patients were diagnosed with BM through surgical resection at Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital from January 2010 to March 2020. We reviewed the clinicopathological features and molecular status of primary and metastatic brain tissues using immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology results.Results: Among 269 patients, 139 males and 130 females were included. The median age of primary tumor was 58 years (range, 13 to 87 years) and 86 patients (32.0%) had BM at initial presentation. Median BM free interval was 28.0 months (range, 1 to 286 months). The most frequent primary site was lung 46.5% (125/269), and followed by breast 15.6% (42/269), colorectum 10.0% (27/269). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation was found in 50.8% (32/63) and 58.0% (40/69) of lung primary and BM, respectively. In both breast primary and breast cancer with BM, luminal B was the most frequent subtype at 37.9% (11/29) and 42.9% (18/42), respectively, followed by human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 with 31.0% (9/29) and 33.3% (14/42). Triple-negative was 20.7% (6/29) and 16.7% (7/42), and luminal A was 10.3% (3/29) and 7.1% (3/42) of breast primary and BM, respectively. In colorectal primary and colorectal cancer with BM, KRAS mutation was found in 76.9% (10/13) and 66.7% (2/3), respectively.Conclusions: We report the clinicopathological and molecular pathologic features of BM that can provide useful information for understanding the pathogenesis of metastasis and for clinical trials based on the tumor’s molecular pathology.
The Taxation System in the International Arena
Authors: Bardhi Ejona
Published: July 2023

"The purpose of the article is to study the existing taxation systems in order to work out the results of their effectiveness. The following methods were applied within this article: dialectical method, historical and hermeneutic methods, systematic method, formal-legal method, logical method, direct method, induction and deduction method, modeling and system analysis method, axiomatic method, and others. The results of the study are the definition of basic concepts and terms: tax, taxation system, international taxation system; the need for the existence of an international taxation system has been established; the EU tax system has been analysed; two major international taxation systems have been characterised; a study of the Albanian tax field has been performed. The terms laid down in this article are of practical value for public authorities and people in charge whose powers include the improvement and reform of the tax system of Albania, as well as for individuals and legal entities that are, to one degree or another, participants in tax relations."
Rankings universitarios, ni ángeles ni demonios: críticas y usos por parte de grupos de interés
Authors: Ganga-Contreras Francisco , Sáez San Martin Walter , Viancos González Patricio , Abello Romero Juan
Published: July 2023

El entorno de las universidades ha experimentado un cambio significativo en los últimos años, debido a una mayor competencia por recursos y la presión por demostrar que están cumpliendo con sus misiones y objetivos de manera efectiva. Esto ha generado la necesidad de evaluar su quehacer y exhibir su desempeño, espacio que han ocupado los rankings de universidades como herramienta de accountability en la educación superior. La presente investigación tiene como finalidad exhibir las principales críticas y usos asociados a los rankings universitarios, con el fin de lograr una perspectiva amplia de estas herramientas de medición organizacional. Para su consecución, se realiza una investigación de tipo descriptiva que utiliza fuentes secundarias de información. Los resultados señalan que los rankings sirven como herramienta de orientación para estudiantes y familias en la elección de una universidad, además de ser una fuente valiosa de información para las propias instituciones. Las principales críticas están vinculadas con la metodología que emplean, la noción de calidad que proponen, la predominancia de indicadores sobre investigación y el uso de encuestas de opinión. A pesar de esto, los rankings pueden ser útiles si se usan de manera adecuada y si se tienen en cuenta sus limitaciones.
Percepción valorativa de estudiantes universitarios en el uso de recursos tecnológico en el aprendizaje de las matemáticas
Authors: Cona Quezada Felipe , Gallegos Maria , Olivares Patricio
Published: July 2023

En los últimos años, se sabe del surgimiento de muchos sistemas de álgebra computacional (CAS) con diferentes capacidades y accesibilidades, que están teniendo un gran impacto en la forma en que los instructores enseñan y los estudiantes aprenden matemática. En ese contexto, este artículo analiza la opinión de estudiantes de una universidad estatal chilena (UTEM), respecto a la utilización de herramientas tecnológicas en el aprendizaje de la matemática. La valoración positiva de los estudiantes puede incentivar a que el uso de estas herramientas computacionales agregue mejoras en los procesos de enseñanza, aprendizaje y evaluación. El instrumento de búsqueda de información usado constó de 13 ítems en los que los estudiantes respondieron en una escala de Likert, sobre la importancia que  dan a la aplicación matemática en las instancias en que aprenden, practican y aplican las matemáticas, de lo cual se concluye, entre otros resultados  que los estudiantes, en su autoestudio, usan frecuentemente herramientas computacionales;  que están muy de acuerdo  sobre la importancia de utilizar CAS en los cursos de matemática, pero también valoran el uso del método “lápiz-papel”  para adquirir destreza matemática; además, consideran que les ayuda a obtener una mejor preparación para enfrentar el mundo del trabajo.
Study of synergistic effect of combined application of tebuconazole with two biocontrol agents for management of Fusarium crown rot in durum wheat
Authors: Oulmi Abdelmalek , Bencheikh Amor , Mamache Walid , Gharzouli Asma , Barkahoum Daichi Meriem , Rouag Noureddine
Published: July 2023

The in vitro and growth chamber, tests were conducted in order to assess the effects of B. amyloliquefaciens B18 and B. subtilis S8 strains each alone and in combination with tebuconazole against F. culmorum (FC) isolate responsible of Fusarium crown rot (FCR) in durum wheat. The in vitro growth of B18 and S8 strains was unaffected by 30 µg.mL-1 tebuconazole. The Bacillus strains (at 106 CFU.mL-1) and tebuconazole, each alone, reduced the mycelial growth, this effect was significantly improved when they were combined (inhibition of more than 92 %). In growth chamber experiments, efficacy against FCR was significantly higher when integrating Bacillus strains and tebuconazole than by either alone; control efficacy of tebuconazole at 30 µg.mL-1 in combination with S8 and B18 strains reached 90.91 and 95.45 %, respectively. The obtained results indicated that combination of tebuconazole with the biocontrol agents B18 and S8 synergistically improved control efficiency of the fungicide against FCR of wheat.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERCERAIAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Nanda Arumi Handayani  , Masyithoh Siti
Published: July 2023

This study has the objective of explaining the relationship between parental divorce and the learning motivation of elementary school students. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method with a literature study approach. Data collection techniques are carried out by gathering sources related to the topic raised. Data analysis was carried out by reducing data, analysing and synthesizing linkages and interpretations according to the research objectives. So that the results obtained are that the divorce of parents has a negative influence on elementary school students, namely: 1) giving less affection from both parents, 2) achievement and low enthusiasm for learning, 3) low self-confidence and social skills, and 4) Self-regulation is also low. Divorce has a bad influence on the social environment, life and motivation and student achievement. Children's emotions are so influential on children's learning activities, such as feelings of joy, security, fear, anxiety, anger and sadness.
PENGENALAN DAN PERCONTOHAN TANAMAN OBAT KELUARGA (TOGA) DI RUMAH SENJA KELURAHAN HARAPAN JAYA, BEKASI
Authors: Perwitasari Melania , Nathalia Dede Dwi , Beandrade Maya Uzia , Hasmar Wahyu Nuraini , Syah Muh. Nurhasan
Published: July 2023

Tanaman Obat Keluarga (TOGA) digunakan dalam pengobatan sebelum berobat ke fasilitas kesehatan sehingga dapat meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat dengan biaya yang murah sekaligus meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Kesadaran akan pentingnya tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai obat perlu ditanamkan kepada anak sejak dini khususnya pada anak didik yang berada di komunitas Rumah Senja, Kelurahan Harapan Jaya, Kecamatan Bekasi Utara, Kota Bekasi. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilakukan dengan metode penyuluhan dan percontohan penanaman TOGA. Kegiatan dievaluasi dengan kemampuan peserta dalam menjawab pertanyaan secara lisan dan menanam TOGA label identitas tanaman yang benar. Selama kegiatan peserta dapat mengidentifikasi (mencocokkan gambar dengan nama TOGA yang sesuai), mampu mengulang materi yang diberikan secara lisan serta mampu menanam TOGA dengan pemberian identitas tanaman dengan benar melalui pendampingan mahasiswa dan dosen S1 Farmasi. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta akan manfaat TOGA.
MASYARAKAT PENGASINAN SADAR TUBERKULOSIS
Authors: Pradana Anung Ahadi , Rohayati Rohayati
Published: July 2023

Angka kejadian TB di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan setiap tahun, sementara Jawa Barat menjadi provinsi ketiga dengan angka pengobatan TB terbesar. Keberhasilan pengobatan TB dipengaruhi oleh faktor layanan kesehatan, faktor internal dan eksternal dari individu. Peran tenaga kesehatan sangat dibutuhkan dalam meningkatkan tingkat pengetahuan, kemauan, dan kesadaran dari masyarakat untuk mencegah penyakit TB.  Pengabdian Masyarakat (PKM) diadakan di wilayah Kelurahan Pengasinan untuk meningkatkan tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap penyakit TB. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan PKM yang dilakukan menunjukkan adanya perubahan tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat sebesar 72% dari rerata poin yang diajarkan. Pentingnya kerjasama lintas sektoral serta pemberian penyuluhan kesehatan secara berkelanjutan dapat menjadi faktor penting dalam pencegahan penyakit TB di wilayah Kelurahan Pengasinan Bekasi.
PENGARUH STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA KOPERASI DAN PARTISIPASI ANGGOTA TERHADAP PENINGKATAN USAHA KOPERASI BINAAN DINAS PERDAGANGAN KOPERASI USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH DI KECAMATAN KOTA SIGLI KABUPATEN PIDIE
Authors: Iklima Iklima , Abdullah Husaini , Herizal Herizal
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui “Strategi pengembangan usaha koperasi dan partisipasi anggota terhadap peningkatan usaha koperasi binaan Dinas Perdagangan Koperasi Usaha Kecil Menengah Kecamatan Kota Sigli Kabupaten Pidie”. Dimana variabel bebasnya adalah pengembangan usaha koperasi (X1) dan partisipasi anggota (X2), serta peningkatan usaha koperasi (Y) sebagai variabel terikatnya. pegawai yang bekerja di koperasi binaan Dinas Koperasi Usaha Kecil Menengah Kecamatan Kota Sigli Kabupaten Pidie berjumlah 54 responden. Besarnya kontribusi variabel pengembangan usaha koperasi (X1) dan partisipasi anggota (X2) peningkatan usaha (Y) dapat dilihat pada koefisien determinasi (Adjusted R-squared) yaitu sebesar 0,770 atau 77,0%, hal ini artinya kontribusi variabel pengembangan usaha koperasi dan partisipasi anggota komunikasi internal dalam menjelaskan variabel terikat yaitu peningkatan usaha sebesar 76,1%. Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 33,1% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Kata kunci: Dukungan organisasi, partisipasi anggota, Kepuasan Kerja.
Analysis of Environmental Stresses on the Mechanical Properties of Laminated Glass Composites: A Review of Experimental Results and Outlook
Authors: Udi Ufuoma Joseph , M. Yussof Mustafasanie , Isa Felix Nkapheeyan , Abdullah Luqman Chuah
Published: July 2023

Laminated glass composites are composed of two or more layers of glass and a thermoplastic elastomeric interlayer securely glued together in an autoclave at high temperature and pressure. This composite material which significantly enhances the performance of glass before and after breakage, is desirable for various engineering applications. The main elastomeric interlayer comprises Polyvinyl butyral (PVB), SentryGlas (SG), Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), and Thermoplastic Polyethylene (TPU). These interlayer materials have different unique features which offer a variety of performance benefits for engineering purposes. However, the structural response of laminated glass composites' elements and polymeric interlayers is typically prone to structural modifications relative to temperature applications and other environmental actions such as humidity and solar irradiation. This review compares the weathering resistance of the most common interlayers used in laminated glass composites based on available experimental literature findings. The main mechanical and accelerated ageing tests of laminates with different interlayer materials are summarised, giving evidence of the impact of these environmental actions on the viscoelastic and mechanical properties of laminated glass composites plates. This research provides valuable references for predicting the long-term behaviour and risk evaluation of laminated glass composites under diverse ageing conditions.
A Study on Bio-Stabilisation of Sub-Standard Soil by Indigenous Soil Urease-Producing Bacteria
Authors: Aliyu Abdulaziz Dardau , Mustafa Muskhazli , Abd Aziz Nor Azwady , Hadi Najaatu Shehu
Published: July 2023

Sub-standard soils are of great concern worldwide due to diverse economic losses and the possibility of severe environmental hazards ranging from catastrophic landslides, building collapse, and erosion to loss of lives and properties. This study explored the potential of urease-producing bacteria, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus paramycoides, to stabilise sub-standard soil bio-stabilisation. The maximum urease activity measured by B. cereus and B. paramycoides was 665 U/mL and 620 U/mL, respectively. B. cereus and B. paramycoides precipitated 943 ± 57 mg/L and 793 ± 51 mg/L of CaCO3 at an optical density (425 nm) of 1.01 and 1.09 and pH 8.83 and 8.59, respectively, after 96 hours of incubation. SEM microstructural analysis of the precipitated CaCO3 revealed crystals of various sizes (2.0–23.0 µm) with different morphologies. XRD analysis confirmed that the precipitated CaCO3 comprised calcite and aragonite crystals. SEM analysis of the microstructure of organic and sandy clay soils treated with B. cereus and B. paramycoides showed the formation of bio-precipitated calcium carbonate deposits on the soil particles (biocementing soil grains), with B. cereus precipitating more CaCO3 crystals with a better biocementing effect compared to B. paramycoides. Overall, the experimental results attributed CaCO3 formation to bacterial-associated processes, suggesting that soil ureolytic bacteria are potentially useful to stabilise sub-standard soil.
O ensino de fisiologia vegetal: Uma revisão sistemática durante a pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Jhonatan , Santos Alves Flavia , Dos Santos Silva José Vandemilson , Do Nascimento Filho Lino Manoel , Rodrigues Rocha Adenaely , Chagas Correia Camila
Published: July 2023

O presente trabalho, busca descrever e saber quais foram as metodologias mais utilizadas durante o ensino remoto emergencial (ERE) no Brasil que auxiliaram no ensino de fisiologia vegetal. Para a realização da mesma, foi adotado o método de revisão sistemática, onde foi construído um protocolo para definir os passos que deveriam ser seguidos além de definimos a plataforma de busca, foi realizado também um recorte temporal dos anos de 2020-2022. Foi observado ao todo 3850 trabalhos sobre o tema, mas apenas 15 foram selecionados para participar do trabalho. Com esses artigos foi perceptível que teve como se fazer aulas práticas sobre fisiologia vegetal durante a pandemia, com estratégias diversas, os professores conseguiram, apesar das dificuldades, encontrar meios para fazer com que seus alunos conseguissem compreender as diversas temáticas sobre fisiologia vegetal.
El dolor por no pertenecer: Sociabilidades juveniles en contextos escolares de cierre social
Authors: Bracamonte Gómez Carolina , García Bastán Guido , Paulín Horacio Luis
Published: July 2023

El estudio de las estrategias educativas de los sectores privilegiados, despierta un interés particular en la Ciencias Sociales, por tratarse de una vía para comprender la producción de desigualdades y procesos de segregación social. Posiblemente presumiendo entramados vinculares menos conflictivos debido a su carácter auto procurado, la producción académica ha explorado en menor medida el modo en que las estrategias de cierre social de los sectores referidos, modelan la conflictividad escolar cotidiana y los vínculos en el plano de la sociabilidad juvenil. Esta es una dimensión que la profusa literatura disponible ha indagado prioritariamente desde la experiencia de los grupos más vulnerables. Desde un abordaje cualitativo, exploramos las construcciones de mismidad y otredad configuradas entre estudiantes en un colegio tradicional de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina, en una trama compleja que involucra clase social, familia y escuela. Nuestros hallazgos dan cuenta de modalidades juveniles de (re)significar los ideales institucionalmente ofrecidos, en los que se advierten experiencias de acompañamiento entre pares, signadas por una temporalidad de largo plazo. Pero, también, vivencias marginales de sufrimiento, enmarcadas en lo que denominamos como 'el dolor por no pertenecer'.
JOJOBA - TACKLING MULTI ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES IN ONE DAY: A REVIEW
Authors: M. Farag Karim , S. Shehata Raed
Published: July 2023

Under arid conditions and the scarcity of water resources, it is desired and demanded to have stress-resistant plants especially environmental stresses in large areas around the world that are suffering from desertification. World agricultural production is in need to sustainability to cover the growing demand for food. Thus, the plant properties that mean high tolerance to more than one environmental stress especially heat, salt and drought is a treasure that must be exploited. The change in the jojoba properties by using few milligrams of plant growth regulators makes the jojoba an invaluable treasure that must be exploited. The rare types of liquid wax in their seeds maximize its industrial and agricultural values. The additional benefits gains by a safe compound such as Proline double its potential to tackle many stressful conditions in the field. Thus, no wonder to see jojoba vegetation covering fast areas of the world desert. The jojoba plant is really deserving to be called the gold of the desert since it is one of the rare plants that can tackle the multiple environmental stresses by highly tolerant vegetation that have a stabilizing nature with low nutrient requirements and a deep root system giving a valuable industrial as set even under harsh conditions.
NGHIÊN CỨU CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN TỬ VONG VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ BỆNH NHÂN BỎNG HÔ HẤP TẠI KHOA HỒI SỨC CẤP CỨU, BỆNH VIỆN BỎNG QUỐC GIA LÊ HỮU TRÁC
Authors: Trần Đình Hùng , Ngô Tuấn Hưng
Published: July 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị và các yếu tố liên quan đến tử vong ở bệnh nhân bỏng hô hấp tại khoa Hồi sức cấp cứu, Bệnh viện Bỏng Quốc gia Lê Hữu Trác. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu, mô tả trên 53 bệnh nhân bỏng hô hấp từ 18 tuổi trở lên vào viện trong 24 giờ sau bỏng thu thập đủ thông số nghiên cứu điều trị tại khoa Hồi sức Cấp cứu, Bệnh viện Bỏng quốc gia Lê Hữu Trác giai đoạn 2021-2022. Số liệu được thu thập và phân tích so sánh giữa nhóm sống và nhóm tử vong. Phân tích đa biến để tìm yếu tố liên quan độc lập với tử vong ở bệnh nhân bỏng hô hấp. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân bỏng hô hấp tử vong là 77,36%. So với nhóm sống sót, nhóm tử vong có tuổi, diện tích bỏng, diện tích bỏng sâu, số lượng bệnh nhân tổn thương thận cấp sớm, mức độ bỏng hô hấp, nồng độ lactac máu động mạch cao hơn có ý nghĩa (p < 0,05). Khi phân tích đa biến, chỉ có diện tích bỏng sâu có mối liên quan độc lập với tỷ lệ tử vong ở bệnh nhân bỏng hô hấp (p < 0,05). Giá trị tiên lượng tử vong trên bệnh nhân bỏng hô hấp của diện tích bỏng sâu đạt mức tốt (AUC= 0,88; điểm cắt: 32% diện tích cơ thể), với độ nhạy 70,73% và độ đặc hiệu 83,33%. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ tử vong bệnh nhân bỏng hô hấp còn cao. Sự gia tăng diện tích bỏng sâu có mối liên quan độc lập với tử vong.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ PHỤC HỒI CHỨC NĂNG KHỚP GỐI SAU PHẪU THUẬT TÁI TẠO DÂY CHẰNG CHÉO TRƯỚC QUA NỘI SOI BẰNG GÂN CƠ BÁN GÂN VÀ GÂN CƠ THON TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA MỘC CHÂU NĂM 2021
Authors: Trần Hữu Hiếu , Nguyễn Thị Thanh
Published: July 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả phục hồi chức năng khớp gối sau phẩu thuật tái tạo dây chằng chéo trước qua nội soi bằng gân cơ bán gân và gân cơ thon. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang hồi cứu và tiến cứu bệnh nhân sau phẫu thuật nội soi tái tạo dây chằng chéo trước bằng gân cơ bán gân và gân cơ thon tại khoa chấn thương chỉnh hình bệnh viện đa khoa Mộc Châu, từ tháng 1/2019 đến tháng 4/2021. Kết quả: Qua nghiên cứu 69 bệnh nhân, kết quả phục hồi chức năng khớp gối sau phẫu thuật tái tạo dây chằng chéo trước bằng gân cơ bán gân và gân cơ thon tại Bệnh viện đa khoa huyện Mộc Châu qua 6 tháng điều trị, 98% bệnh nhân đã phục hồi, khớp gối hết lỏng, vận động hết đau
A novel method for generating induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived alveolar organoids: a comparison of their ability depending on iPSC origin
Authors: Lim Min Jae , Jo Ayoung , Kim Sung-Won
Published: July 2023

Background: Alveolar organoids may be useful tools in drug discovery for lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and for studying the effects of respiratory viruses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived alveolar organoids offer ethical and cost-effective alternatives to animal testing and primary cell-based methods. In this study, we present generating alveolar organoids from iPSCs and compare the efficiency of generating iPSCs from alveolar type 2 (AT2) and umbilical cord blood (UCB) cells.Methods: The protocol started with a two-dimensional culture and transitioned to a three-dimensional culture using Matrigel after the endoderm stage. Organoid cultivation lasted for at least 40 days, and the characteristics of alveolar organoids were assessed using flow cytometry, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunostaining.Results: iPSCs derived from AT2 cells showed a better ability to generate alveolar organoids than those derived from UCB cells. This difference in the ability of AT2 iPSCs and UCB iPSCs to generate alveolar organoids appeared during the definitive endoderm differentiation stage. AT2 iPSCs showed higher expression of the anterior foregut endoderm marker SOX2 and lung progenitor gene expression markers, such as NKX2.1 and CPM, which are associated with the lung progenitor differentiation stage.Conclusion: This protocol successfully generated alveolar organoids from AT2 iPSCs; however, the efficiency of differentiation varied depending on the origin of the iPSCs. This study also found differences in gene expression and developmental potential between iPSCs, which may have contributed to the observed differences in differentiation efficiency.
Konjuktiv i njegova uloga u izražavanju subjektivnosti u talijanskom jeziku
Authors: Bratić Ivana , Vukšić Milena
Published: July 2023

U ovom članku, autori su željeli dati presjek korištenja konjuktiva i njegove upotrebe u talijanskom jeziku s posebnim naglaskom na najučestalijim pogreškama u korištenju konjuktiva kao načina subjektivnosti i osobnog mišljenja nasuprot objektivnosti koju sa sobom nosi indikativ. Osnovni cilj rada je naglasiti koji je to ključni trenutak potreban za razlikovanje ovih dvaju gramatičkih načina i na što bi strani govornik trebao obratiti pozornost kako bi ispravno koristio konjuktiv u govoru i pisanju. Poseban naglasak želi se staviti na najučestalijim pogreškama pri upotrebi konjuktiva u talijanskom jeziku općenito, a posebice konjuktiva prezenta i konjuktiva imperfekta te na činjenicu da, bez obzira što se u govornom jeziku konjuktiv sve više zamjenjuje indikativom, takav trend treba uzeti s rezervom i inzistirati na pravilnoj uporabi talijanskog jezika i posebnosti koje utječu na bogatstvo njegova jezičnog izričaja. Stoga, kao odgovor na tendencije prisutne u govornom jeziku, autori naglašavaju da razlika između konjuktiva i indikativa jest semantičke prirode te da kroz primjenu konjuktiva dolazi do suštinske razlike u značenju u odnosu na rečenice napisane u indikativu, a svaka pseudo prirodnost govornog jezika nasuprot onom književnom i gramatički ispravnom može dugoročno dovesti do osiromašenja jezičnog korpusa.
ESTÁGIO DOCENTE SUPERVISIONADO EM TEMPOS DE ENSINO REMOTO EMERGENCIAL: POSSIBILIDADES E ADVERSIDADES
Authors: Moreira Antonio Marcos Dias , Moreira Danielma dos Santos , Dutra Jose Weliton Aguiar , Pereira Alvaro Itauna Schalcher , Santos Isaque Pinho dos , Reis Elizonildo Ferreira dos , Milen Suamid Ferreira , Feitosa Filho Irapuan Lira
Published: July 2023

A realização do Estágio Curricular Supervisionado nos cursos superiores foi marcada pelo modelo de Ensino Remoto Emergencial no ano de 2020, em decorrência da pandemia da Covid-19. Diante desse novo cenário, faz-se necessário pesquisar visando compreender os impactos ocasionados por essas mudanças que afetaram os sistemas educacionais, especialmente visando analisar a execução e a contribuição do Estágio Curricular Supervisionado realizado no modelo de Ensino Remoto Emergencial para formação docente. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa constituiu-se como um estudo de caso com o objetivo de analisar as possibilidades e adversidades vivenciadas pelos alunos de Estágio Supervisionado do Curso de Licenciatura em Química de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior Brasileira, durante o período pandêmico. Para atingir as finalidades propostas, seguiu-se uma abordagem qualitativa, caracterizando-se como um estudo descritivo e exploratório. Como ferramentas de coleta e análise dos dados, utilizou-se da aplicação de questionários e, para análise dos dados, foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo descrita por Bardin (2011). O Estágio Supervisionado se desenvolveu em meio a diversos desafios, apresentando possibilidades e momentos enriquecedores de aprendizado profissional. Verificou-se que possibilitou principalmente a aquisição de experiência profissional nesse formato de ensino e aprimorar as habilidades dos estagiários no uso das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação como estratégias de trabalho como futuros professores. Identificaram-se também algumas adversidades vivenciadas pelos estagiários, como o acesso às escolas-campo e a falta de contato de sala de aula. Verificou-se que o suporte teórico da disciplina foi muito importante para ajudar os estagiários a superar essas adversidades.
Characterization of the planar differential mobility analyzer (DMA P5): resolving power, transmission efficiency and its application to atmospheric cluster measurements
Authors: Xu Zhengning , Gao Jian , Xu Zhuanghao , Attoui Michel , Pei Xiangyu , Amo-González Mario , Zhang Kewei , Wang Zhibin
Published: July 2023

Abstract. The newly developed planar differential mobility analyzer (DMA) serving as particle sizer can achieve higher transmission and selection precision at ambient pressure compared with conventional cylindrical DMA, and show potentials on coupling with atmospheric pressure interface mass spectrometer (API-MS) for cluster detection with an additional ion mobility dimension. In this study, we assessed the performance of a commercial planar DMA (DMA P5) integrated with the home-build recirculation system. The sizing range of the system in this work is 0–3.9 nm, although larger sizes can be measured with a sheath gas flow restrictor. The resolving power under different recirculation setups (suction mode and counter flow mode) and different sheath flow rates was evaluated using electrosprayed tetra-alkyl ammonium salts (TMAI, TBAI, THAB and TDAB). The maximum resolving power of THA+ under suction and counterflow mode are 61.6 and 84.6, respectively. The sizing resolution of DMA P5 is 7–16 times higher than conventional cylindrical DMAs. The resolving power showed approximately linear correlation with under counterflow mode, while the resolving power of THA+ under suction mode stopped linearly increase with when the VDMA was above 3554.3V and enter a plateau due to the interference of sample flow on the laminarity of sheath flow. The transmission efficiency of DMA P5 can reach 54.3 %, about one factor of magnitude higher than the commercial DMAs. The mobility spectrum of different electrosprayed tetra-alkyl ammonium salts and the mass to charge ratio-mobility 2D spectrum of sulfuric acid clusters was also characterized with the DMA P5 (-MS) system.
Introducing inferred geomorphological sediment thickness as a new site proxy to predict ground-shaking amplification at regional scale. Application to Europe and Eastern Turkey
Authors: Loviknes Karina , Cotton Fabrice , Weatherill Graeme
Published: July 2023

Abstract. To test whether a globally inferred sediment thickness value from geomorphological studies can be used as a proxy to predict earthquake site amplification, we derive site amplification models from the relation between empirical amplification for sites in Europe and Turkey, and the geomorphological sediment thickness. The new site amplification predictions are then compared to predictions from site amplification models derived using the traditional site proxies, VS30 inferred from slope, slope itself, as well as geological era and slope combined. The ability of each proxy to capture the site amplification is evaluated based on the reduction in site-to-site variability caused by each proxy. The results show that the highest reduction is caused by geological era and slope combined, while the geomorphological sediment thickness show a slightly larger or equal reduction in site-to-site variability as inferred VS30 and slope. We therefore argue that including geology and geomorphology in site amplification modelling on regional scale can give an important added value and that globally or regionally inferred models for soil and sediment thickness from fields beyond engineering seismology can have a great potential in regional seismic hazard and risk assessments. Furthermore, the differences between the site amplification maps derived from different proxies capture the epistemic uncertainty of site amplification modelling. While, albeit the different proxies predict similar features on a large scale, local differences can be large. This shows that using only one proxy when predicting site amplification does not capture the full epistemic uncertainty, which is demonstrated by looking into detail on the site amplification maps predicted for Eastern Turkey and Syria, where the devastating Kahramanmaras Earthquake Sequence occurred in February 2023.
Full four-dimensional change analysis of topographic point cloud time series using Kalman filtering
Authors: Winiwarter Lukas , Anders Katharina , Czerwonka-Schröder Daniel , Höfle Bernhard
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Four-dimensional (4D) topographic point clouds contain information on surface change processes and their spatial and temporal characteristics, such as the duration, location, and extent of mass movements. To automatically extract and analyze changes and patterns in surface activity from this data, methods considering the spatial and temporal properties are required. The commonly used model-to-model cloud comparison (M3C2) point cloud distance reduces uncertainty through spatial averaging for bitemporal analysis. To extend this concept into the full spatiotemporal domain, we use a Kalman filter for change analysis in point cloud time series. The filter incorporates M3C2 distances together with uncertainties obtained through error propagation as Bayesian priors in a dynamic model. The Kalman filter yields a smoothed estimate of the change time series for each spatial location in the scene, again associated with an uncertainty. Through the temporal smoothing, the Kalman filter uncertainty is generally lower than the individual bitemporal uncertainties, which therefore allows the detection of more changes as significant. We apply our method to a dataset of tri-hourly terrestrial laser scanning point clouds of around 90 d (674 epochs) showcasing a debris-covered high-mountain slope affected by gravitational mass movements and snow cover dynamics in Tyrol, Austria. The method enables us to almost double the number of points where change is detected as significant (from 24 % to 47 % of the area of interest) compared to bitemporal M3C2 with error propagation. Since the Kalman filter interpolates the time series, the estimated change values can be temporally resampled. This provides a solution for subsequent analysis methods that are unable to deal with missing data, as may be caused by, e.g., foggy or rainy weather conditions or temporary occlusion. Furthermore, noise in the time series is reduced by the spatiotemporal filter. By comparison to the raw time series and temporal median smoothing, we highlight the main advantage of our method, which is the extraction of a smoothed best estimate time series for change and associated uncertainty at each location. A drawback of the Kalman filter is that it is ill-suited to accurately model discrete events of large magnitude. It excels, however, at detecting gradual or continuous changes at small magnitudes. In conclusion, the combined consideration of temporal and spatial information in the data enables a notable reduction in the associated uncertainty in quantified change values for each point in space and time, in turn allowing the extraction of more information from the 4D point cloud dataset.