bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A qualitative exploration of pharmacovigilance policy implementation in Jordan, Oman, and Kuwait using Matland's ambiguity-conflict model
Authors: Garashi Hamza Y. , Steinke Douglas T. , Schafheutle Ellen I.
Published: April 2021

Background

As Arab countries seek to implement the 'Guideline on Good Pharmacovigilance Practice (GVP) for Arab countries', understanding policy implementation mechanisms and the factors impacting it can inform best implementation practice. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms of and factors influencing pharmacovigilance policy implementation in Arab countries with more established pharmacovigilance systems (Jordan, Oman), to inform policy implementation in a country with a nascent pharmacovigilance system (Kuwait).
Results

Matland's ambiguity-conflict model served to frame data analysis from 55 face-to-face interviews which showed that policy ambiguity and conflict were low in Jordan and Oman suggesting an "administrative implementation" pathway. In Kuwait, policy ambiguity was high while sentiments about policy conflict were varied suggesting a mixture between "experimental implementation" and “political implementation”. Factors reducing policy ambiguity in Jordan and Oman included: decision-makers' guidance to implementors, stakeholder involvement in the policy's development and implementation, training of policy implementors throughout the implementation process, clearly outlined policy goals and means, and presence of a strategic implementation plan with appropriate timelines as well as a monitoring mechanism. In contrast, policy ambiguity in Kuwait stemmed from the absence or lack of attention to these factors. Factors reducing policy conflict included: the policy's compliance with internationally recognised standards and the policy's fit with local capabilities (all three countries), decision-makers' cooperation with and support of the national centre as well as stakeholders' agreement on policy goals and means (Jordan and Oman), and adopting a stepwise approach to implementation (Jordan).
Conclusion

Using Matland’s model, both the mechanism of and factors impacting successful pharmacovigilance policy implementation were identified. This informed recommendations for best implementation practice in Arab as well as other countries with nascent pharmacovigilance systems including increased managerial engagement and support, greater stakeholder involvement in policy development and implementation, and undertaking more detailed implementation planning.
Fractal microstrip patch antennas for dual-band and triple-band wireless applications
Authors: Nhlengethwa Nontuthuko L. , Kumar Pradeep
Published: April 2021

In this paper, the design and development of dual-band and triple-band fractal microstrip patch antennas with enhanced gain are presented. The structure is based on the Sierpinski carpet fractal, where the multiband functionality is achieved by applying the fractal iteration technique. The fractal antenna characteristics along with analysis of the reflection coefficient and the radiation patterns for each iteration are presented. The dual-band fractal microstrip patch antenna (DBFMPA) is operating at 4.9 and 5.3 GHz and the triple-band fractal microstrip patch antenna (TBFMPA) is operating at 2.4, 5.3, and 5.9 GHz. The defected ground structure (DGS) and a reflector plane is utilized for enhancing the gain of the antenna. Design and optimization of the DBFMPA and TBFMPA are done using the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio Suite. The presented DBFMPA and TBFMPA are suitable for industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) wireless applications.
Value Chain as Tool of Strategic Management in Agro-Industrial Complex
Authors: Nekhlanova A. M.
Published: April 2021

Analyzing organization competitiveness by production costs is an important analytical step for units of agroindustrial complex (AIC). Such importance can be explained by specific features of markets, where AIC units operate: produce is uniform and standardized or poorly differentiated, price competition plays the essential role, therefore organizations with low costs are leaders on market. In this situation one of the most important parameters of strategic standing of the organization is its capability to compete by costs. Topicality of using the value chain is stipulated by importance of managing processes of raising competitiveness by costs and realizing strategy in general. The article studies practical and methodological issues of strategic analysis of production costs. It shows results of empirical research on managing processes of forming costs in AIC units and identifies key problems that can impact their successful development in the long run. Special attention was paid to changing approaches to managing processes of forming costs and potential profit, the shift of searching for opportunities of competitiveness by costs from internal environment to outer one. Recommendations on using value chains in AIC strategic management on state level were worked out. It was shown that effective cooperation of state and private AIC units could promote attainment of strategic goals of AIC development.
Влияние деформации сжатия и растяжения на спектр дислокационной люминесценции в кремнии
Authors: Соболев Н.А. , Калядин А.Е. , Феклисова О.В. , Якимов Е.Б.
Published: April 2021

Photoluminescence has been studied in silicon deformed
by four-point bending at temperature of 600◦C. So-called
dislocation-related luminescence lines D1, D2, D3 and D4 are
observed from both the sides of the deformed samples. It is
found that in the samples with the induced dislocation density
~10^7 cm^−2, a luminescence intensity of the D3 and D4 lines is
the same on both the sample sides, and the intensity of the D1
and D2 lines from the tensile side is higher than that from the
compressive side. Behavior of the intensity of the D1 and D2 lines
is well correlated with a quantity of dislocation trails. Possible
reasons of observed effect are discussed.
Модель контакта двумерного металла и графеноподобного соединения с учетом их взаимодействия
Authors: Давыдов С.Ю. , Посредник О.В.
Published: April 2021

With the account of interlayer interaction, system of graphene-like compound (GLC) and two-dimensional d-metal (2DM) is considered. Within the scope of the diagonal approach corresponding Green functions are obtained. Regime of GLC ̶ 2DM weak coupling is studied thoroughly and analytical expressions for the corrections to the occupation numbers, charge transfer and Schottky barrier height are fulfilled. It is demonstrated that the corrections obtained are of significant importance for the metals of the beginning and the end of the d-rows.
Force-Sensitive Mat for Vertical Jump Measurement to Assess Lower Limb Strength: Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Vanegas Erik , Salazar Yolocuauhtli , Igual Raúl , Plaza Inmaculada
Published: April 2021

Background

Vertical jump height is widely used in health care and sports fields to assess muscle strength and power from lower limb muscle groups. Different approaches have been proposed for vertical jump height measurement. Some commonly used approaches need no sensor at all; however, these methods tend to overestimate the height reached by the subjects. There are also novel systems using different kind of sensors like force-sensitive resistors, capacitive sensors, and inertial measurement units, among others, to achieve more accurate measurements.

Objective

The objective of this study is twofold. The first objective is to validate the functioning of a developed low-cost system able to measure vertical jump height. The second objective is to assess the effects on obtained measurements when the sampling frequency of the system is modified.

Methods

The system developed in this study consists of a matrix of force-sensitive resistor sensors embedded in a mat with electronics that allow a full scan of the mat. This mat detects pressure exerted on it. The system calculates the jump height by using the flight-time formula, and the result is sent through Bluetooth to any mobile device or PC. Two different experiments were performed. In the first experiment, a total of 38 volunteers participated with the objective of validating the performance of the system against a high-speed camera used as reference (120 fps). In the second experiment, a total of 15 volunteers participated. Raw data were obtained in order to assess the effects of different sampling frequencies on the performance of the system with the same reference device. Different sampling frequencies were obtained by performing offline downsampling of the raw data. In both experiments, countermovement jump and countermovement jump with arm swing techniques were performed.

Results

In the first experiment an overall mean relative error (MRE) of 1.98% and a mean absolute error of 0.38 cm were obtained. Bland-Altman and correlation analyses were performed, obtaining a coefficient of determination equal to R2=.996. In the second experiment, sampling frequencies of 200 Hz, 100 Hz, and 66.6 Hz show similar performance with MRE below 3%. Slower sampling frequencies show an exponential increase in MRE. On both experiments, when dividing jump trials in different heights reached, a decrease in MRE with higher height trials suggests that the precision of the proposed system increases as height reached increases.

Conclusions

In the first experiment, we concluded that results between the proposed system and the reference are systematically the same. In the second experiment, the relevance of a sufficiently high sampling frequency is emphasized, especially for jump trials whose height is below 10 cm. For trials with heights above 30 cm, MRE decreases in general for all sampling frequencies, suggesting that at higher heights reached, the impact of high sampling frequencies is lesser.
Polarisation, Radicalisation, and Populism
Authors: Russo Juan
Published: April 2021

Since the beginning of this century, politics has been marked by processes of radicalisation, polarisation and the resurgence of populist governments. The emergence of these processes have made both the deficits of political representation and the problems of democratic vulnerability evident. This new situation has translated into the rise of personalist leaders located throughout the right-left ideological spectrum. This has happened on both sides of the Atlantic. However, the new establishment/anti-establishment fracture is more powerful than the right/left one. Similar processes sometimes have different natures. In this article, these processes are defined conceptually, establishing the relationships among them as well as their conceptual particularities. The comparative method is adopted, and the results consist in depicting, first, the differences and similarities between polarisation, radicalisation and populism, second, between contemporary and 1950s populism, and finally, between populism in Europe and in Latin America.
¿Las condiciones socioeconómicas tienen efectos en el desempeño económico? El caso de la región del altiplano de San Luis Potosí en México
Authors: Yáñez Luna Juan Carlos , Tenorio Martínez Leonardo , Plata Pérez Leobardo
Published: April 2021

El término “capital humano” se refiere al “nivel de educación” de una población, estas habilidades producirán valor económico, el cual tendrá un impacto importante en el desarrollo y crecimiento de una región. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo probar que las relaciones de algunas variables de condición social influyen en el desarrollo económico de una región determinada. El estudio se centra en la zona del Altiplano del Estado de San Luis Potosí en México. Se evaluaron datos demográficos de diversas localidades de la zona. Se utilizó el método de Mínimos Cuadrados Parciales (PLS-SEM) para estimar las relaciones causales entre variables como Educación y Salud con respecto al desarrollo económico y la migración en el contexto de estudio. Los resultados indican que un problema importante vinculado a la escasez de capital humano en esta región es la migración, que a su vez tiene efectos sobre el crecimiento económico y del desarrollo.
The games of imitation: AI and a philosophy towards future equilibrium
Authors: Barry Todd J.
Published: April 2021

This brief conceptual article starts with an argument for Artificial Intelligence (AI)’s ability to “think.”  This outgrowth relates to human’s and AI’s power over nature, and to AI’s increasing power in its humanness, measured by the results of competing with humans and other AI machines in the Turing Test, and economic “game theory.”  Both, and especially the latter challenge, can be quintessentially human by measuring how one values the self as opposed to society, under varying conditions.  Given AI’s advancements enabling it to presumably “win” in the most humanness of games, beyond even reaching a universally beneficial “social optimal” outcome, and thus possibly even having more power than humankind, the article argues for an equilibrium of balanced powers in innovation between AI and humans.  Therefore, managers, broadly construed, can function as key brokers between government policy makers and innovators as AI and humans continue to develop further into the future.
Location Routing Problem with Consideration of CO2 Emissions Cost: A Case Study
Authors: Sholichah Ananda Noor , Yuniaristanto Y , Suletra I Wayan
Published: April 2021

Location and routing are the main critical problems investigated in a logistic. Location-Routing Problem (LRP) involves determining the location of facilities and vehicle routes to supply customer's demands. Determination of depots as distribution centers is one of the problems in LRP.  In LRP, carbon emissions need to be considered because these problems cause global warming and climate change. In this paper, a new mathematical model for LRP considering CO2 emissions minimization is proposed. This study developed a new  Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP)  model for LRP with time windows and considered the environmental impacts.  Finally, a case study was conducted in the province of Central Java, Indonesia. In this case study, there are three depot candidates. The study results indicated that using this method in existing conditions and constraints provides a more optimal solution than the company's actual route. A sensitivity analysis was also carried out in this case study.
Energy-Aware Scheduling in Hybrid Flow Shop using Firefly Algorithm
Authors: Jabari Ahmed Nedal Abid Al Kareem , Hasan Afif
Published: April 2021

Nowadays, the industrial sector takes up a significant portion of the world's total energy consumption. This sector is responsible for half of the total energy consumed in the world. Therefore, efficiency in the industrial sector becomes an essential issue. One of the main factors triggering the high energy consumption in this sector is that many machines are left idle. Idle machines during the manufacturing process require electricity and other energies. This research aimed to develop a firefly algorithm that can minimize the energy consumption in the hybrid flow shop scheduling problem. This algorithm is used to determine the optimum order of the jobs. The ultimate goal is to minimize energy consumption. The experiment on the algorithm was conducted by employing iteration and population variations. The research results show that population and iteration affect the quality of the hybrid flow shop scheduling solution.
Wacana Solidaritas Muslim Indonesia dalam Teks Pengungsi Muslim Etnis Rohingya Pada Media Daring Viva.co.id
Authors: Andalas Eggy Fajar
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membedah strategi pembentukan wacana solidaritas muslim Indonesia dalam kasus mulim Rohingya oleh media massa Indonesia. Untuk melakukan hal tersebut dimanfaatkan teori analisis wacana Theo Van Leeuwen. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis isi. Sumber data penelitian adalah tujuh teks berita daring dari media massa viva.co.id. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konstruksi wacana yang dibangun cenderung mengedepankan citra Indonesia sebagai bangsa dengan umat muslim terbesar di dunia sebagai pahlawan kemanusiaan. Motif penggambaran wacana kemanusiaan dibangun melalui isu agama dan kemanusiaan. Konstruksi tersebut berdampak terhadap pemarjinalan kelompok lain. Pemerintah Myanmar justru lebih digambarkan dengan beragam citra negatif, begitu juga dengan para pengungsi Rohingya yang selalu digambarkan sebagai kelompok yang benar-benar sedang kesusahan dan benar-benar membutuhkan bantuan. Terdapat bobot pemberitaan yang tidak seimbang yang dilakukan oleh media viva.co.id yang berdampak pada pemarjinalan kelompok ini.
Dramaturgi Ludruk Karya Budaya Mojokerto Jawa Timur Lakon Sarip Tambak Oso
Authors: Wardhani Jihan Kusuma
Published: April 2021

Dramaturgi Ludruk Karya Budaya Mojokerto-Jawa Timur pada Lakon Sarip Tambak Oso, adalah pengkajian teater rakyat yang orisinal oleh penulis. Ini merupakan penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk mengetahui LKBM secara lebih mendalam melalui keilmuan dramaturgi. Kelompok ini telah bertahan lama, yaitu sekitar 48 tahun. Cerita STO telah hidup lebih lama dari pada kelompok LKBM. Ludruk telah menjadi hiburan khas Jawa Timur, dan cerita STO adalah salah satu legenda yang terus hidup di masyarakat Jawa Timur, khususnya Sidoarjo. Cerita STO sangat dekat dengan masyarakat dan konflik dalam lakon merupakan hal yang sering terjadi di masyarakat sehingga cerita ini mengingatkan betapa pentingnya komunikasi yang baik antara pemerintah dan masyarakat. Kebaruan penelitian ini adalah sampai saat ini belum ada yang melakukan penelitian secara kajian dramaturgi terhadap LKBM khususnya pada lakon STO. Lakon yang menceritakan tentang perjuangan hak seorang manusia yang bernama Sarip yang tidak mau membayar pajak karena kemiskinannya. Hal itu menimbulkan perlawanan terhadap pemerintahan Belanda dan antek-anteknya, hingga akhirnya kelemahan Sarip dicari agar dapat membunuhnya yaitu dengan membungkam teriakan sang Ibu agar tidak bisa membangunkan Sarip dari kematiannya. Cerita ini dianggap nyata oleh sebagian masyarakat yang ada di Wilayah Jawa Timur, khususnya di daerah Sidoarjo tepatnya di wilayah Tambak Oso. Seiring perkembangannya cerita ini kemudian menjadi pembelajaran bagi masyarakat setempat untuk lebih bijak menyikapi segala keputusan yang telah ditentukan pemerintah. Baik itu antara pemerintah dan rakyat hendaknya sama-sama melakukan komunikasi yang tepat agar tercipta keharmonisan. Melihat banyaknya terjadi mis komunikasi antara pemerintah dan rakyat dalam mengambil kebijakan. Kajian dramaturgi LKBM pada lakon STO diharapkan mampu menjadi pembelajaran baik itu ludruk sebagai kelompok kesenian rakyat, maupun ceritanya yang bisa menjadi pengetahuan bagi masyarakat.
Fungsi, Bentuk, dan Makna Gerak Tari Jaranan Turonggo Yakso Kecamatan Dhongko Kabupaten Trenggalek
Authors: Rusianingsih Tri , Timur Yuddan Fijar Sugma
Published: April 2021

Kehadiran jaranan Turonggo Yakso pada awal-mulanya diinspirasi oleh keberadaan kegiatan upacara adat yang sering disebut dengan baritan. Upacara yang dilakukan masyarakat tersebut merupakan bentuk upacara bersih desa yang bertujuan untuk memohon kepada Hyang Widi (Tuhan Penguasa Alam) dan mensyukuri atas hasil panen, maupun supaya hewan ternak mereka juga dapat dihindarkan dari segala jenis penyakit. Penelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan fungsi, bentuk penyajian dan makna gerak tari jaranan Turonggo Yakso. Konsep pertunjukan digunakan sebagai alat analisa penelitian. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara, studi pustaka serta dokumentasi. Analisis dilakukan dengan deskripsi mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi pergeseran fungsi dari fungsi sakral ke profan. Bentuk penyajian terdiri dari gerak baku dan gerak tambahan. Gerakan pertunjukan ini memiliki makna yang berkaitan dengan kegiatan bertani. Gambaran jaranan (turonggo) yang berkepala raksasa (yakso) merupakan simbol dari hawa nafsu yang harus dijinakkan atau ditunggangi agar tidak liar.
Dinamika Maskulinitas dan Nasionalisme Masyarakat Jawa Di Era Majapahit
Authors: Widyawati Mega , Andalas Eggy Fajar
Published: April 2021

Maskulinitas dan nasionalisme selama ini menggambarkan fenomena di mana konsepsi negara atau bangsa, termasuk bagian dari kedaulatan dan identitas yang berkontribusi dalam kaitannya dengan peran gender. Artinya, mikrokultur maskulinitas dalam kehidupan sehari-hari mengartikulasikan dengan sangat baik dengan tuntutan nasionalisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk maskulinitas dan nasionalisme yang beroperasi pada kultur masyarakat Jawa dahulu, tepatnya pada era Kerajaan Majapahit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif.  Sumber data penelitian berupa novel Jayaning Majapahit (2014) karya Agus S. Soerono. Teknik pengumpulan data memakai teknik baca-catat. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menyajikan data, menginterpretasi data, dan menarik kesimpulan berdasarkan tujuan yang dinyatakan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa novel Jayaning Majapahit mewacanakan kedudukan tokoh laki-laki lebih mendominasi dalam urusan kedaulatan kerajaan Majapahit, baik dalam urusan mengatur strategi politik dalam pemerintahan maupun mengatur strategi perang. Melalui dua bentuk dominasi maskulinitas, masyarakat majapahit lebih spesifiknya pada laki-laki berada di level tertinggi dalam situasi posisi terkait menjaga dan mempertahankan nasionalisme kerajaan.
Full Identification of Idempotens in Binary Abelian Group Rings
Authors: Ong Kai Lin , Ang Miin Huey
Published: April 2021

Every code in the latest study of group ring codes is a submodule thathas a generator. Study reveals that each of these binary group ring codes can havemultiple generators that have diverse algebraic properties. However, idempotentgenerators get the most attention as codes with an idempotent generator are easierto determine its minimal distance. We have fully identify all idempotents in everybinary cyclic group ring algebraically using basis idempotents. However, the conceptof basis idempotent constrained the exibilities of extending our work into the studyof identication of idempotents in non-cyclic groups. In this paper, we extend theconcept of basis idempotent into idempotent that has a generator, called a generatedidempotent. We show that every idempotent in an abelian group ring is either agenerated idempotent or a nite sum of generated idempotents. Lastly, we show away to identify all idempotents in every binary abelian group ring algebraically by fully obtain the support of each generated idempotent.
On spherical indicatrices of curves in Galilean 4-space G₄
Authors: Yılmaz Süha , Unluturk Yasin
Published: April 2021

In this study, we indroduce spherical indicatrices of curves in four dimensional Galilean space. Moreover, we characterize these curves in terms of Frenet-Serret vector fields in four dimensional Galilean space. Frenet-Serret apparatus of these curves are obtained in terms of base curve's Frenet invariants. Additionally, some theorems are given regarding characterizations of spherical indicatrices of curves in four dimensional Galilean space.
Model of Deposit and Loan of A Bank Using Spiral Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Ansori Moch Fandi , Sidarto Kuntjoro Adji , Sumarti Novriana
Published: April 2021

Nowadays, the study of financial stability of banking is important, which is to observe the behavior of the bank in the future. In this paper, a simple model of deposit and loan of a bank is solved analytically and numerically, and then it is implemented into data of four groups of commercial banks in Indonesia based on their capitals. From the data for each group of banks, the parameters will be estimated using the Spiral Optimization Algorithm. The results show that the algorithm gives satisfactory solutions in terms of closeness between the analytical and numerical solutions. In the long run, the deposit and loan volumes will be stable at their equilibrium points which showing the good condition of the future of the banks based on current state.
Regularity for Elliptic Equations under Minimal Assumptions
Authors: Di Fazio Giuseppe
Published: April 2021

The aim of this paper is to give a brief account on the problem of regularity forlinear elliptic PDEs of the second order.
On The Uniqueness of Meromorphic Functions Sharing Three-Point Sets IM
Authors: Kongo Takahiro , Shirosaki Manabu
Published: April 2021

We show that if two meromorphic functions on the complex plane shring some three-point sets IM, then they are identical under some conditions.
First Eigenvalue of p-Laplacian Along The Normalized Ricci Flow on Bianchi Classes
Authors: Habibi Vosta Kolaei Mohammad Javad , Azami Shahroud
Published: April 2021

Consider M as a 3-homogeneous manifold. In this paper, we are going to study the behavior of the first eigenvalue of p-Laplace operator in a case of Bianchi classes along the normalized Ricci flow also we will give some upper and lower bounds for a such eigenvalue.
Convergence Results for Proximal Point Algorithm in Complete Cat(0) Space for Multivalued Mappings
Authors: Dashputre Samir , Padmavati C. , Sakure Kavita
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we propose the modified proximal point algorithm with the process for three nearly Lipschitzian asymptotically nonexpansive mappings and multivalued mappings in CAT(0) space under certain conditions. We prove some convergence theorems for the algorithm which was introduced by Shamshad Hussain et al. [18]. A numerical example is given to illustrate the efficiency of proximal point algorithm for supporting our result.
PENGARUH SOSIALISASI DAN PENGETAHUAN TERHADAP MINAT INVESTASI DI PASAR MODAL SYARIAH (Studi Pada Mahasiswa di Banda Aceh)
Authors: Zulchayra Zahra , Ibrahim Azharsyah , Fitria Ana
Published: April 2021

Pasar modal merupakan salah satu sarana investasi untuk semua kalangan, tidak terkecuali mahasiswa. Minat berinvestasi mahasiswa dipengaruhi beberapa faktor seperti sosialisasi dan pengetahuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sosialisasi dan pengetahuan terhadap minat investasi  mahasiswa di pasar modal syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Sosialisasi berpengaruh terhadap minat berinvestasi mahasiswa Banda Aceh (2) Pengetahuan berpengaruh terhadap minat berinvestasi mahasiswa Banda Aceh (3) Secara simultan keduanya berpengaruh terhadap minat berinvestasi mahasiswa di Banda Aceh. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi bagi pemangku kepentingan di dunia pasar modal untuk meningkatkan sosialisasi dan literasi dalam menarik minat investor yang berasal dari kalangan mahasiswa.
Padre César Azúa sj (1918-1992)
Authors: C E Gatti
Published: April 2021

Homenaje al Padre César Azúa sjDesde la reflexión que enseñaste cuantificamos laenorme riqueza que nos legaras: la fe y la fe en losjóvenes que fueron siempre su centro depreocupación y en esa preocupación estuvosiempre la formación de médicos y médicas quesupieran servir a los demás: viendo siempre lapersona antes que la enfermedad, la enfermedadcomo circunstancias por la que atraviesa en unmomento de su vida una persona, y siempre lapersona, antes que nada.
Cyanobacteria and bio-crusts communities restore degraded soil: Examples of Iran
Authors: Gholamhosseinian Atoosa , Sepehr Adel
Published: April 2021

Soil is the major natural resource on which human life depends for the
production of food, feed, fiber, renewable energy and raw materials, as
well as the protection of the planet’s natural ecosystems and climate
system. Increasing soil degradation and subsequent ecosystem degradation
is a current concern in agriculture and the environment. Soil
degradation poses many challenges to feed the world’s growing
population. This food insecurity will also reduce the income of the
agricultural sector, which will lead to a decrease in economic income.
Soil degradation will lead to environmental threats, the extinction of
animals and plants, the reduction of biodiversity, water loss, and
disruption of water and carbon cycles. The use of new technologies such
as biological crusts has provided great hope for the recovery and
restoration of degraded ecosystems. Inoculation of biological crusts,
especially cyanobacteria, has had positive results on improving soil
conditions and restoration degraded soils. In this article, has been
introduced the biocrusts communities considering cyanobacteria species
to restore degraded soils. We reported the results of cyanobacteria
applications in soil conservation in arid environments of Iran.
Energia eolica: impatti positivi e negativi su vegetazione, flora e fauna
Authors: Cerullo Federica , Sabatano Laura
Published: April 2021

Nell’ottica di una progettazione in cui si fa sempre più attenzione ad
uno sviluppo sostenibile, assume particolare importanza la valutazione
di impatto ambientale, attraverso la quale si valuta l’impatto positivo
e negativo che l’opera ha sui diversi fattori ambientali. In questo
articolo verrà trattato, nello specifico, il comparto vegetazione, flora
e fauna per il quale si dispone di un vasto quadro normativo che nel
corso del tempo ha subito una forte evoluzione.

Allo scopo di una più profonda comprensione della materia, si esporrà un
caso studio relativo alla realizzazione di un impianto eolico e si
valuteranno gli effetti che questo ha sulle componenti ambientali
vegetazione, flora e fauna.
Towards the attainment of mindful bodily relations in music education
Authors: Almqvist Cecilia Ferm
Published: April 2021

Recent studies of female guitar students in upper secondary school ensemble education suggestthat girls behave, and are encouraged to behave, in more immanent ways than boys. They seem toreceive less encouragement to stretch their bodies and become full musical human beings. Insteadthey become the second musical sex. During the course of my work with the problem of how to createspace for girls playing the electric guitar in educational settings, I have continually found myselfwondering how to create educational spaces and relations in ways that let all pupils, independent ofsex, realize ideas, transcend as musical bodies, and become what they already are. If teachers andpupils are interrelated bodies, teachers must be aware of how they use their bodies when it comes tocreating space for all pupils to develop and stretch out their bodies. The actions of the music teacher,as a musical body, must be balanced in relation to the other musical bodies in the room, as well as tophysical preconditions, goals, visions, and expectations of the students. In this article, I want to delveinto the subject of bodily interaction, teachers’ responsibilities, and questions of intentional educationalbodily relations. The aim is to share my close reading of Young’s philosophical thinking regardinggender structures and especially female comportment, motility, and spatiality, and develop a set ofprerequisites for intentional bodily (music) educational relations. With a starting point in researchbasedinspiration and motivation for conducting the current philosophical investigation, I share myclose reading of Young’s theories regarding female situated bodies. Continually I relate to excerpts fromtwo interviews with female guitar students, exemplifying musical body-relational experiences. Finally Ishare and reflect upon a developed thinking about mindful bodily (music) educational relations.
Ethical Principles on the Freedom of Speech and Expression in the Developed and Developing Countries
Authors: Alim Abdul
Published: April 2021

The First Amendment to the United States Constitution is an essential part of the Bill of Rights. The amendment prohibits making of any law respecting an establishment of religion, obstructing the free exercise of religion, infringing on the freedom of speech, infringing on the freedom of the press, interfering peoples assembling rights in a peaceful manner or prohibiting the petitioning for a governmental remedy of grievances. The guarantees of this Bill of Rights were subject to the limitation imposed by the free speech and press provisions of the First Amendment to the US Constitution as interpreted and applied by the Supreme Court and other courts. The United States and India are the largest democratic country and almost have similar free speech provisions in their Constitutions. This Article is intended to present the free speech provisions of the American and Indian Constitution as a basic fundamental right of human being. It is also to be examined that what is the role of Supreme Court in interpreting the freedom of speech and expression provisions. The study also tries to incorporate the comparison between the looms of both countries as far as freedom of speech is disturbed.
The practicality of the 7e learning cycle LKS model with a scientific approach to facilitate students’ mathematical connection abilities
Authors: Azizah Azizah , D Zuhri , Maimunah Maimunah
Published: April 2021

This study aims to describe the practicality of the 7e learning cycle LKS model with a scientific approach to facilitate students' mathematical connection abilities. The research and development with the ADDIE model consist of the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The practicality test of the LKS was carried out for small group trials of 9 students at the implementation stage. The method used is descriptive statistics to get the average value and percentage. Learning tools are said to be practical if their minimum level of practicality is practical. Based on the analysis of the results of student response questionnaires, the average percentage of student response questionnaires was 91.59% and was categorized as very practical. This means that this LKS is easy to use and useful for students.
El nino index prediction model using quantile mapping approach on sea surface temperature data
Authors: Nurdiati Sri , Khatizah Elis , Najib Mohamad Khoirun , Fatmawati Linda Leni
Published: April 2021

El Nino is a global climate phenomenon caused by the warming of sea surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific Ocean. El Nino has a powerful effect on the intensity of rainfall in several areas in Indonesia. El Nino impacts can be minimized by predicting the El Nino index from the sea surface temperature in the Nino 3.4 area. Therefore, many researchers have tried to predict sea surface temperature, and many prediction data are available, one of which is ECMWF. But, in reality, the ECMWF data still contains systematic errors or bias towards the observations. Consequently, El Nino predictions using ECMWF data are less accurate. For that reason, this study aims to correct the ECMWF data in the Nino 3.4 area using statistical bias correction with a quantile mapping approach. This method uses ECMWF data from 1983-2012 as training data and 2013-2018 as testing data. For this case, the results showed that 60% of El Nino's predictions on the testing data had improved the mean value. Also, all of El Nino's predictions on the testing data have improved the standard deviation value. Moreover, data testing's expected error can be corrected for all months in the 1st to 4th lead times. But, in the 5th to 7th lead times, only November-June can be corrected.
SISTEM PENGELOLAAN LABORATORIUM FISIKA UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN PELAKSANAAN PRAKTIKUM YANG EFISIEN
Authors: Suseno Nyoto , Riswanto Riswanto
Published: April 2021

The Indeavorings’ problem of SMA physics laboratory are: lack competence human resource, coordinator of laboratory is as the second teacher job, the laboratory hasn’t been managed well, so far the laboratory cannot been used optimum. To overcame this problem, there is conducted guidance tacnical of laboratory workers, and workshop management of labarotory. The stap include: guidance tacnical for human resource, workshop of manual laboratory management, inventory and labeling, workshop of schedule arrangement, SOP and the implementation. The result are: 1) in general, the physics laboratory of SMA in Metro have fulfilled the infastruture standar, 2) lack of human resource, 2)good management can help the physics experements a run efficient based on the schedule. The problem found that the teachers are difficult to look for the materials and their spacification, so that needed improvement to laboratory management based on ICT
Expression of the apoptosis regulatory gene family in the long-term in vitro cultured human cumulus cells
Authors: Sibiak Rafał , Bryl Rut , Stefańska Katarzyna , Chermuła Błażej , Pieńkowski Wojciech , Jeseta Michal , Pawelczyk Leszek , Mozdziak Paul , Spaczyński Robert Z. , Kempisty Bartosz
Published: April 2021

Human cumulus cells (CCs) play a key role in the regulation of ovarian follicle maturation and oocyte fertilization. They influence the oocyte development by transferring the various molecules via the specific gap junction proteins, also known as the connexins, which provide a direct transmembrane connection between the oocyte and CCs. The human CCs were obtained in the patients diagnosed with infertility, who underwent the procedure of the controlled ovarian stimulation, and the following in vitro fertilization to elucidate the possible involvement of the CCs in the regulation of the fertilization and oocyte aging. Collected samples were long-term cultured and harvested after 7, 15, and 30 days of cultivation. Afterward, we assessed the relative expression of the following apoptosis regulatory genes - BAX, CASP9, and TP53 - using the RT-qPCR method. We noted a decrease in the expression of all above-mentioned genes in the samples harvested after 15 and 30 days, in reference to 7 days in vitro cultured CCs. In summary, our results provide precious insight into the dynamics of changes and confirm the continuous expression of the proapoptotic genes – BAX, CASP9, and TP53 in the long-term cultured CCs.

Running title: Apoptotic gene expression in the human cumulus cells
Regularities of Adsorption of Α-Oxypropionic Acid By Natural Zeolite
Authors: Sabadash V. , Gumnitsky J. , Lyuta O. , Hyvlyud A.
Published: April 2021

Wastewaters from dairy processing factories contaminated with α-oxypropionic acid were monitored. Theoretical analysis of industrial wastewater treatment methods on zeolites of Sokyrnytsia deposit was carried out. The process of sorption of α-oxypropionic (α-oxypropionic) acid by natural zeolite of Sokyrnytsia deposit was considered. It was established that the most economically advantageous and safe is the method of adsorption using a natural sorbent - zeolite, which provides the lowest concentration of contaminants in treated wastewaters from dairies. An assessment of their number, localization features and measures of toxicological impact on the environment was done. The existing theoretical apparatus of description of adsorption processes was analyzed. The sorption properties of natural zeolite (clinoptilolite of Sokyrnytsia deposit) and activated carbon to α-oxypropionic acid were tested. Equilibrium values of adsorption capacity were calculated and corresponding isotherms at a temperature of 20 ° С were constructed. The porosity of the sorbent and its influence on the sorption properties were studied by the methods of physicochemical analysis. Infrared spectroscopic and electron microscopic studies confirmed the presence of the process of sorption by the surface of the internal pores of the zeolite of α-oxypropionic acid molecules. Experimental studies have confirmed the possibility of using natural zeolite for wastewater treatment of dairy factories. It was experimentally confirmed by physicochemical methods of analysis (electron microscopy, IR spectroscopy, microprobe analysis, mercury porometry) and was established that the process takes place both by the mechanism of ion exchange and physical adsorption. The content of carbon radicals in the zeolite matrix after the sorption process was confirmed by X-ray spectral microanalysis. The ability of zeolite to adsorb organic carboxylic acid radicals was confirmed by the results of IR spectroscopic studies. On the IR spectra there are strips of deformation and valence oscillations of the groups of the crystal lattice of the zeolite Si-O, Si-O-SiOH: 452, 990–1210, 1638, 3368 cm−1. The oscillation spectra of free OH groups in the region of 2600 cm−1 were revealed.
Protective effect of zinc and Pine barks extract supplement against Indometacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats
Authors: Samir Derouiche , Aicha Kaouachi
Published: April 2021

This investigation was aimed to study the effect of Pinus halepensis aqueous bark extract and zinc to prevent indomethacin induced gastric ulcer in rats. Thirty female albino Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups of 5 animals each (n=5); Group 1: normal control, Group 2: ulcer rats received normal saline, Group 3: ulcer rats treated with P. halepensis, Group 4: ulcer rats were treated with zinc, Group 5: ulcer rats were treated with P. halepensis + zinc and Group 6 ulcer rats were treated with Ranitidine for 15 days. Stomach ulcer was induced by a single oral administration of indomethacin (30 mg/kg). Various biochimical, physiologic and histologic parameters were estimated. Obtained results show that the ulcer index, pH and total acidity level were significantly reduced (p<0.05) and Pepsin activity was significantly increased (p< 0.05) in ulcer induced rats pre-treated with extract of P. halepensis, zinc and ranitidine when compared with indomethacin treated rats. The MDA level was significantly decreased and GSH level was increased (p< 0.05) in rats treated with plant extract and zinc. Histopathology of gastric mucosa confirmed the gastro-protection by plant and zinc treatment. The study reveals anti-ulcer and antioxidant properties were observed in bark aqueous extract of P. halepensis groups with a benefic effect of zinc to reduce oxidative stress and gastric ulcer induced in the rat.
Characterization of some bottled Romanian mineral waters on the basis of the total mineral content
Authors: Bodor K. , Bodor Zs. , Szép R. , Szép A.
Published: April 2021

Romania has many mineral water sources due to its geological features. In the present study, bottles of 26 Romanian mineral water brands were purchased from the market to make a characterization based on the pH, conductivity, and fixed residue content. Focusing on the total fixed residue, the distribution of low, medium, and highly mineralized water was 43.9%, 41.46%, and 14.63% respectively. The mean of fixed residue concentration was 763.3 mg/L, ranging from 40.37 mg/L to 2,603 mg/L. The pH values of the still mineral waters varied between 6.86 and 7.91, while the pH values of the sparkling mineral waters were the lowest (4.7). The conductivity was strongly related to the concentration of the ions, so the maximum measured conductivity for the still waters was 573 μS/cm, for the partially sparkling waters 2,133 μS/cm, and for the sparkling mineral waters 3,079 μS/cm. The chemical composition of the mineral waters was highly dependent on the rock types. Using the hierarchical cluster analysis, two different clusters were detected according to the main characteristics of mineral waters.
Horticultural Therapy in Greenery Design. Example of the “Światło” Hospice in Toruń
Authors: Rogatka Krzysztof , Ziemkiewicz Katarzyna
Published: April 2021

The aim of the article is to present the method of horticultural therapy (gardening therapy) and its application in designing green areas using the example of the sensory garden at the “Światło” hospice in Toruń. The issue of horticultural therapy and its use in shaping green areas was raised due to the important role of greenery in human life (e.g. they absorb pollutants, produce oxygen, perform an insulating function) and the growing importance of horticultural therapy in the design of usable areas. The final effect of this research process is the design of a sensory garden based on horticultural therapy. The concept uses selected types of greenery which, through their properties, have a positive effect on the well-being and health of patients and, indirectly, the inhabitants of the entire city.
First report of Apiognomonia errabunda on Quercus ilex in Algeria
Authors: Bensaci Oussama Ali , Beghami Riadh , Gouaref Kamel
Published: April 2021

Anthracnose of holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) was studied in several sites located in Belezma National Park (Eastern Algeria). Disease severity varied according to the site, but symptoms were particularly frequent on leaves supported by south-facing twigs. Leaves inserted on the distal part of twigs were more affected by anthracnose regardless of twigs’ position on trees. The fungal isolates obtained from damaged tissues were sorted to five morphotypes and identified as Apiognomonia errabunda based on morphological characteristics and ITS sequencing. This is the first record of the occurrence of the fungus Apiognomonia errabunda on Quercus ilex in Algeria. Particular climatic conditions marked by late spring rains followed by high temperatures may play a key role in the increased leaf vulnerability of Q. ilex to infection.
Comparison of Heart Rate Variability Before and After a Table Tennis Match
Authors: Picabea Jon , Cámara Jesús , Nakamura Fabio , Yanci Javier
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study was to compare heart rate variability indices before and after a table tennis match. Sixteen males (21.86 ± 8.34 yr, 1.73 ± 0.08 m, 64.09 ± 13.39 kg and 21.46 ± 4.38 kg·m-2) were evaluated in 21 matches, before and after the match. We observed that in time domain analysis, Mean RR, SDNN, LnRMSSD and pNN50 after match values were significantly lower than before match values (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05), while Mean HR, Min HR and Max HR values were higher (p < 0.01) after than before the match, with no significant differences (p > 0.05) in STD HR. Meanwhile, frequency domain analysis showed LF Power (log), HF Power (log) and HF Power (in normalized units) after match values significantly lower than before match values (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05), while LF/HF value was higher after the match (p < 0.01), with no significant differences (p > 0.05) in LF Power (ms2), LF Power (in normalized units) and HF Power (ms2) values. Non-linear analysis showed SD1 and SD2 POST values significantly lower than PRE values (p < 0.05), while no significant differences were observed in SD2/SD1 value between POST and PRE analysis. As conclusion, due to the physiological strain of the table tennis match, changes were observed in heart rate variability values, suggesting an increase of sympathetic influence and a reduction of the parasympathetic influence.
NIE TYLKO PIES – O KILKU ANIMALISTYCZNYCH NAZWACH FUNKCJONARIUSZY SŁUŻB WIĘZIENNYCH W HISTORII POLSKIEGO SOCJOLEKTU PRZESTĘPCZEGO
Authors: Pacuła Jarosław
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the history of the Polish words with primary meanings ‘animal’ and analyzes different views on their origin. The article describes the phenomenon of zoosemic semantic changes in Polish prison slang from the late 19th and early 20th century. Several animal-specific nouns functioning as synonyms for jailer (prison ward) are presented. Sources of individual names are indicated and it is given a description of semantic changes which took place under the influence of foreign languages.