bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Miscellanea Epigraphica Nubica V: El nombre de las cuatro criaturas del apocalipsis en la Nubia cristiana
Authors: TSAKOS Alexandros
Published: June 2022

El quinto artículo de la serie está centrado en las inscripciones que acompañan a las famosas pinturas murales de la Nubia cristiana, concretamente las leyendas de nombres de las Cuatro Criaturas del Apocalipsis. La identificación de una muy probable fuente de inspiración para los nombres particulares utilizados en Nubia lleva al poder ritual de tales nombres y al papel desempeñado por la oralidad en la transmisión de estas tradiciones textuales.
Legal Aspect of Personal Data Protection and Consumer Protection in the Open API Payment
Authors: Amalia Camila
Published: June 2022

Digital financial innovation in Indonesia demands equal disclosure of data and information between banks and financial technology (fintech) companies through the Open API. Bank Indonesia as the authority in the payment system issued a series of regulations to regulate the standardization of Open API Payments to create data disclosure integrity, as well as improve personal data protection and consumer protection in open banking. This paper will review several legal aspects that have emerged, and it will be assessed whether the current provisions have addressed a number of these legal aspects. This paper uses a normative juridical approach with a descriptive analysis specification, which uses laws and regulations as the primary material. Based on research, currently existing regulations have succeeded in addressing the legal aspects of the Open API Payment. However, to strengthen consumer rights in the Open API Payments, it is still necessary to enact a Personal Data Protection Law (PDP Law) and amend the Consumer Law that is more in favor of the interests of consumers.
How Do Politicians Speak About Economic Policy During Pandemic Crisis? Evidence From Emerging and Developed Countries
Authors: Apriliyanti Indri Dwi , Fathin Cinintya Audori
Published: June 2022

Our study explores economic policy communication in response to the Covid-19 pandemic crisis. Considering a major role of Twitter in information dissemination, we use tweets as a proxy to examine politicians’ crisis communication strategies in five countries, Australia, Canada, India, Indonesia, and Singapore. By using systematic content analysis approach, the study attested the degree to which SCCT and IRT model can be applied to political realm. We found two strategies, bolstering and mortification, emerge as the most frequently used strategies by politicians. Further, new strategies, i.e information provision and cohesion, as well as new categories, i.e morale boosting, political positioning, and cross border cooperation surfaced which further expanding the SCCT and IRT model in explaining political crisis communication. As this study explores the role of context and situational factors that determine specific strategies, our findings demonstrate no substantial differences among developed and emerging countries. We note the use of combination of bolstering, mortification, and cohesion strategies can be critical for politicians’ career, as they may restore politicians’ reputation, reinforce their political presentation, and foster public trust.
“Manisa bozaka” or “Counting grass”: Global Grassy Group guide to understanding and measuring the functional and taxonomic composition of ground layer plants
Authors: Lehmann Caroline E.R. , Archibald Sally , Vorontsova Maria S. , Hempson Gareth P. , Wieczorkowski Jakub D.
Published: June 2022

Grassy biomes span more than 40% of the global land surface and are central to people, biodiversity and Earth System functioning. There is however limited standardised measurement of herbaceous taxonomic and functional composition in grassy biomes that inhibits the development of a comparative understanding of grassy biomes among geographic regions. Here, we present a protocol for the measurement of herbaceous richness and composition to motivate for much needed data standardisation in the measurement of grassy biomes. The data collection protocol and associated data management system are designed to have utility for fields of research ranging from phylogenetics and taxonomy to functional, community and ecosystem ecology. The described data collection protocol links to a data management system designed to foster collaboration and equity among biologists and ecologists working on herbaceous plants and grassy biomes.
Transhiatal Chest Drainage in Transmediastinal Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Hisakura Katsuji , Ogawa Koichi , Akashi Yoshimasa , Kim Jaejeong , Moue Shoko , Ohara Yusuke , Owada Yohei , Hashimoto Shinji , Enomoto Tsuyoshi , Oda Tatsuya
Published: June 2022

Background: Transmediastinal esophagectomy for esophageal cancer occasionally causes postoperative accumulation of pleural effusion despite the preservation of the mediastinal pleura. Transhiatal chest drainage has been reported to be useful for thoracic esophagectomy; however, its use in transmediastinal esophagectomy remains unelucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of transhiatal chest drainage in transmediastinal esophagectomy.Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent transmediastinal esophagectomy for esophageal cancer from 2018 to 2021. Transhiatal chest drainage involved the insertion of a 19-Fr Blake® drain from the abdomen to the left thoracic cavity through the hiatus. We assessed its effectiveness and safety by the daily drainage output, accumulation of postoperative pleural effusion, frequency of postoperative thoracentesis, and other complications. The drainage group comprising 24 patients was compared with the non-drainage group comprising 13 patients in whom a transhiatal chest drainage tube was not placed during transmediastinal esophagectomy.Results: The median daily output of the transhiatal chest drainage was 230 mL on day 1, 385 mL on day 2, and 313 mL on day 3. The number of patients with postoperative pleural effusion was significantly reduced from 10/13 (76.9%) in the non-drainage group to 4/24 (16.7%) in the drainage group (p=0.001). The frequency of thoracentesis in the drainage group was significantly lower than that in the non-drainage group (p=0.002). There were no significant differences in the occurrence of other postoperative complications.Conclusions: Transhiatal chest drainage could evacuate pleural effusion effectively and safely after transmediastinal esophagectomy.
When SARS CoV-2 meets thyroid - short-term and long-term patients’ outcomes
Authors: Zrilić Anamarija , Režić Tanja , Majić Ana , Marušić Srećko , Berković Maja Cigrovski
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The interaction between thyroid and SARS CoV-2 is complex and not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to identify a possible association of the previous thyroid disease and serum TSH level on the short-term and long-term outcomes of patients hospitalised for COVID-19.Methods: We retrospectively analysed the data of 1423 patients aged 18 years or older, with known previous thyroid status who were admitted for COVID-19 to Clinical Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia, between March 2020 and June 2021. For 614 patients whose serum TSH was determined during hospitalisation we examined short-term outcomes, including the required level of oxygen supplementation, admission to the ICU and death. The MSCT image of the chest and TSH was recorded in the post-COVID outpatient clinic six to eight weeks after the discharge from the hospital and was used to estimate the long-term COVID-19 complications. Patients were divided into three groups according to measured TSH levels.Results: Those with lower/suppressed TSH (<0.4 mIU/L) had worse short-term outcomes and were more frequently admitted to the ICU (p<0.011), needed mechanical ventilation (p<0.001) or died (p=0.03). In the post-COVID period, there was an overall increase in the TSH levels when compared to TSH during hospitalisation. The greatest increase was detected among the patients with suppressed/lowered TSH level during hospitalisation, and it correlated significantly with MSCT finding of higher pulmonary involvement (p<0.001).Conclusion: Changes in the serum TSH level may be an important indicator for the course of COVID-19 and its long-term outcomes.
Metabolism toxicity and susceptibility of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) exposure on BRL cells with insulin resistance
Authors: Mao Guanghua , Tang Junjie , Liao Taotao , Shi Xiaoxiang , Dong FangYuan , Feng Weiwei , Chen Yao , Zhao Ting , Wu Xiangyang , Yang Liuqing
Published: June 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and has attracted worldwide attention due to its high prevalence. As a typical persistent organic pollutant, decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) has been detected in food and human samples and the concentration trends to increase year by year. In addition, it has been proved to have the potential to increase the risk of IR, but it is rarely reported whether it could aggravate IR in T2DM. Therefore, in this study, the IR-BRL (Buffalo Rat Liver cells with IR) model was applied to study the metabolism toxicity and susceptibility of BDE-209. Results showed that BDE-209 could inhibit the glucose absorption and increase the levels of TC and TG, ultimately lead to the disorder of glucolipid metabolism in IR-BRL cells. Besides, it also could cause cell damage by increasing the levels of AST, ALT and MDA in cells. Moreover, its potential mechanisms were to: (1) affect the transport of glucose, synthesis of glycogen and fatty acid via IRS-1/GLUT4 and IRS-1/PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathways; (2) impact the proliferation and differentiation by regulating the expression of Mek1/2, Erk1/2 and mTOR proteins and genes. Furthermore, susceptibility analysis showed that there was a significant synergism interaction between IR and BDE-209, which suggested that IR-BRL cells were more susceptible to the metabolism toxicity induced by BDE-209.
Retentive strength of CAD/CAM-fabricated all-ceramic crowns luted on titanium implant abutments using different ceramic materials and luting agents.
Authors: Bjelopavlovic Monika , Weyhrauch Michael , Scheller Herbert , Wentaschek Stefan , Lehmann Karl Martin
Published: June 2022

Objectives.
This study aimed to determine the retentive strength of monolithic hybrid-all-ceramic crowns luted on titanium implant abutments.
Material and Methods.
In total, 450 crowns (75 each of Mark II, Empress CAD, e.max CAD, Suprinity, Enamic, Celtra Duo) were milled using a CAD/CAM system. The crowns were cemented onto sandblasted titanium implant abutments using five luting agents (Multilink Implant, Variolink II, RelyX Unicem, Fujicem, and Panavia 2.0). After thermocycling, the crowns were removed using a universal testing machine. The location of luting-agent residue on the abutment and inner crown surfaces was evaluated. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) with the Bonferroni correction were performed to evaluate differences of retentive strength depending on the crown material and the kind of the luting agent.
Results.
The retentive strength for the different ceramic materials were Vita Mark II: 652N-759N (SD:134N-146N), Empress CAD: 681N-822N (SD: 89N-146N), e.max CAD: 784N-1044N (SD: 109N-176N), Vita Enamic: 716N-1177N (SD: 132N-220N), Vita Suprinity: 867N-1488N (SD: 202N-278N) and Celtra Duo 772N-1335N (SD:151N-229N). After the removal trials, the visual documentation showed different adhesive residue location depending on the ceramic materials. Furthermore, the pull-off force was dependent on the choice of adhesives
Conclusions.
The ceramic material used seems to influence the retentive strength and the use of certain luting agents result for some ceramic materials in a higher retentive strength.
The availability/use of water resources and the relationship to the behavior of the capital market
Authors: Kraizberg Elli
Published: June 2022

This paper is intrigued by the following question: while the relationship between water resources and economic growth is well documented, what might have a stronger significant relationship - the availability of water resources or the actual use of these resources. An interesting thirty-year experiment regarding the See of Galilei in Israel indicates that the mere availability of water rather than the actual use is a key factor the affects the capital markets. This paper found a significant relationship between the moving averages, seasonally adjusted elevation levels of the sea and the capital market, while the actual use was hardly a significant factor. Given the low quantity of actual use of the water, the findings suggest that there is likely to be another variable that indirectly and differently affects the two variables.
Immune infiltration analysis reveals immune cell signatures in human and mouse model of primary Sjögren's syndrome in salivary gland tissue
Authors: Qi Yajun , Gong Hongxiao , Qiu Xiaoting , Zhu Ling , Huo Xingxing
Published: June 2022

Background: The mouse model is the basis for primary Sjögren's syndrome research, but the depth of comparison between mice and humans in salivary gland immune cells is limited.Methods: Firstly, the gene expression profile of salivary glands of normal human and pSS patients was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The proportion of infiltrating immune cell subsets was then assessed by cell type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT). The experimental Sjögren's syndrome (ESS) model mice was successfully constructed using the salivary gland (SG) protein of the salivary gland, and the successful mice were screened by measuring the amount of saliva and histopathological score. Based on mouse salivary gland tissue RNA-Seq data, the seq-ImmuCC model was used to quantitatively analyze the composition ratio of 10 immune cells in salivary gland tissue from patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome and mouse models.Results: In the study, 31 human data samples were calculated and finally obtained by the CIBERSORT deconvolution method. The results of immune cell infiltration found that compared with normal human salivary gland tissue, gamma delta T cells were significantly different from naive CD4+ T cells content was significantly increased, while plasma cell content decreased. Principal component analysis (PCA) results suggested differences in immune cell infiltration between pSS patients and normal subjects. At the same time, The ESS model mice was constructed. For the mouse data analysis, we found that the proportion of macrophages increased, while the proportion of CD4+ T cells, B cells and monocytes decreased. After comprehensive analysis, we found that pSS patients and models were smaller the proportion of monocytes in salivary gland tissue of mice decreased, while the proportion of macrophages increased. The infiltration proportions of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and B cells showed a certain difference.Conclusions: Through a comprehensive analysis of salivary gland immune infiltration in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome and model mice, we demonstrate conservation and nonconservation in the mouse and human immune systems at the level of immune cells, helping to explain the primary Regulation of immune mechanisms during the development of Sjögren's syndrome.
Women’s knowledge of the legality of abortion and other determinants of abortion safety among women in Ghana: An Analysis of 2007 and 2017 Maternal Health Surveys
Authors: Klu Desmond
Published: June 2022

Background: Regardless of the existence of legal abortion services in Ghana, unsafe abortion remains a major health issue affecting the sexual and reproductive life of women. This study therefore examines the predictors of abortion safety among women in Ghana by comparing two different rounds of surveys.Methods: The study used data from the 2007 and 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Surveys. A weighted sample of 552 (2007) and 1,880 (2017) women aged 15-49 whose activities related to their most recent induced abortion were selected. This study, however, limits the analysis to a subpopulation of women who terminated a pregnancy between 2002 and 2007 and 2012 and 2017. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to show the relationship between abortion safety and knowledge of legality of abortion. The statistical significance level was set at p < 0.05.Results: The study found that there has been an increase in the proportion of women who know about the legality of abortion under some conditions in Ghana from 6.2% in 2007 to 10.7% in 2017. Again, the likelihood of unsafe abortion practices was high among women who had knowledge of legality of abortion in 2017 (AOR=1.85, C.I:1.21-2.82) but not in 2007. Women who had secondary or higher education in 2007 (AOR=0.40, C. I: 0.19-0.84) and 2017 (AOR=0.44, C.I:0.30-0.64), who were married in 2017 (AOR=0.70, C. I: 0.51-0.97) had lower odds of engaging in unsafe abortion practices. Similarly, women residing in urban areas in 2007 (AOR=0.29, C.I: 0.19-0.44) and 2017 (AOR=0.68, C.I: 0.54-0.85) and residing in the northern zone (AOR=0.10, C.: 0.01-0.98) were less likely to practice unsafe abortion. Again, partners of women who had favourable attitudes towards abortion in 2007 (AOR=0.38, C.I:0.23-0.65) and 2017 (AOR=0.62, C.I:0.47-0.81) were less likely to have unsafe abortion.Conclusion: Increasing knowledge of legal status on abortion among women corresponded with a decrease in safe abortion practices over the decade (2007-2017), as the results suggest has implications for poor reproductive health outcomes and increased maternal mortality among women in Ghana. Factors likely to encourage unsafe abortion practices should be addressed to improve the safe sexual and reproductive health of women.
Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Differential Cell Subpopulations and Distinct Phenotype Transition in Normal and Dissected Ascending Aorta
Authors: He Yu-bin , Jin Hai-zhen , Wang Chong , Zhang Guan-xin , Ma Wen-rui , Zhang Jian-feng , Xing Jie , Zhang Xiao-bin , Zhang Yang-yang , Dai Huang-dong , Zhao Nai-shi , Zhu Dan , Zhang Jing
Published: June 2022

Background
Acute thoracic aortic dissection (ATAD) is a fatal condition characterized by tear of intima, formation of false lumen and rupture of aorta. However, the subpopulations of normal and dissected aorta remain less studied.
Methods
Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed including 5 patients with ATAD and 4 healthy controls. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to verify the findings.
Results
We got 8 cell types from human ascending aorta and identified 50 subpopulations including vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), endothelial cells, fibroblasts, neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages. Six transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 4 metalloreductase (STEAP4) was identified as a new marker of synthetic VSMCs. CytoTRACE identified subpopulations with higher differentiation potential in specified cell types including synthetic VSMCs, enolase 1+ fibroblasts and myeloid-derived neutrophils. Synthetic VSMCs-derived C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) might interact with neutrophils and fibroblasts via C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3), respectively, which might recruit neutrophils and induce transdifferentitation of fibroblasts into synthetic VSMCs.
Conclusion
We characterized signatures of different cell types in normal and dissected human ascending aorta and identified a new marker for isolation of synthetic VSMCs. Moreover, we proposed a potential mechanism that synthetic VSMCs might interact with neutrophils and fibroblasts via CXCL12-CXCR4/ACKR3 axis whereby deteriorating the progression of ATAD, which might provide new insights to better understand the development and progression of ATAD.
Heteroployacid stabilized on the composite of boehmite and polyionic liquid as a versatile catalyst for alcohol oxidation and tandem alcohol oxidation /Knoevenagel condensation reactions
Authors: Abedian-Dehaghani Neda , Sadjadi Samahe , Heravi Majid M.
Published: June 2022

Using boehmite as an available and low-cost natural compound, a bi-functional catalytic composite is prepared through vinyl-functionalization of boehmite, followed by polymerization with the as-prepared bis-vinylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid and supporting of phosphotungstic acid. The catalyst was characterized via ICP, XRD, TGA, FTIR, SEM/EDS and elemental mapping analysis and applied for promoting alcohol oxidation reaction and one-pot tandem alcohol oxidation /Knoevenagel condensation reaction in aqueous media under mild reaction condition. The results indicated high catalytic activity of the catalyst for both reactions. This protocol showed high generality and aliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic alcohols could be applied as substrates to furnish the corresponding products in high to excellent yields. Furthermore, hot filtration test confirmed true heterogeneous nature of the catalysis. The catalyst could also be recovered readily and reused for at least five runs of the reaction with low loss of the activity and phosphotungstic acid leaching upon each run.
The Effectiveness of Stroke Awareness Campaign in Promoting Knowledge on Stroke Among the Public in Malaysia
Authors: Bidin Mohammad Zulkarnain , Loh Wei Chao , Baharin Janudin , Rashid Anna Misya'il Abdul , Ibrahim Azliza , Hoo Fan Kee , Devaraj Navin Kumar , Ching Siew Mooi , Mat Liyana Najwa Inche , Sulaiman Wan Aliaa Wan , Basri Hamidon , Khan Abdul Hanif Khan Yusof
Published: June 2022

Background and objectives: Despite the advancement in managing acute ischemic stroke, the global burden would not be reduced without extensive public health efforts to raise awareness among the public. Moreover, the lack of knowledge and healthcare-seeking practice among the public in developing nations proved to be a hindrance in combating stroke. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of stroke awareness campaigns in raising stroke awareness based on knowledge of stroke recognition, actions to be taken during stroke, and a healthcare-seeking attitude among the public in Malaysia. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of adults aged 18 and above attending media-driven health promotion initiatives i.e., ResQ Stroke Campaign (RSC) in conjunction with World Stroke Month 2021 in Malaysia. One hundred and seventy-one consented respondents have agreed to complete the pre and post questionnaire on knowledge, action and attitude with regards to stroke. Results: In terms of knowledge, post-RSC respondents were more likely to recognize FAST up to 80 % increase compared to pre-RSC respondents. While, in terms of action, calling for an ambulance or going to the nearest hospital within 4.5 hours on the same day were the main action in response to stroke. However, although three-quarters of respondents indicated they would call emergency medical services, still a substantial number of respondents indicated they would seek medical help using non-emergency means. Conclusions: There is an improvement in knowledge, action and attitude towards stroke after our median driven RSC. However, continuous campaigns are needed to maintain public awareness of stroke symptoms and appropriate action.
A high strength-ductility balanced Mg-1Ca-0.5Mn-0.53Ce Mg alloy sheet by multi-pass lowered-temperature rolling
Authors: Fan Qin-hong , Jia Yong-yong , Hou Yao-jie , Cai Zhi-hui , Ma Li-feng
Published: June 2022

We elucidate here the influence of the rolling process on the microstructure and tensile properties of Mg-1Ca-0.5Mn-0.53Ce alloy. Intriguingly, the alloy subjected to 5-pass lowered-temperature rolling exhibited an excellent strength-ductility balance (ultimate tensile strength (UTS) = 261.4 MPa and elongation (EL) = 20%), which was far better than the one subjected to 4-pass low temperature rolling (UTS = 218.3 MPa and EL = 4.3%). The coarse Mg2Ca particles in the 4-pass sample led to the local stress concentration, with consequent initiation of micro-cracks at the early deformation stage. In contrast, the microstructure of the 5-pass sample characterized by homogeneous ultra-fine grain, double peak texture, and refined precipitates contributed to the superior tensile properties.
Presentation and Outcomes of Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplications
Authors: Eminoğlu Levent
Published: June 2022

Objectives: Our study aimed to review the presentation and outcomes of LFNF in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).Study Design: Descriptive study.Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Florance Nigthengele Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey from January 2011 and August 2021.Methodology: A total of 1840 (990 Female, 850 Male) patients underwent LFNF for GERD. Data including age, gender, coexisting diseases, presenting symptoms, duration of symptoms, time of surgery, intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay and perioperative mortality were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The mean age was 42,11∓0,31 years. Heartburn, regurgitation, hoarseness and cough were common presenting symptoms. The mean symptom duration was 5.93∓0.25 months. Reflux episodes > 5 min was 4.09 ± 3. De Meester's score of the patients was measured as 32 ± 17.8. The mean preoperative lower esophagus sphincter (LES) pressure was 9,2 ± 1.4 mmHg and the mean postoperative LES pressure was 14.3±2.41mm Hg. The intraoperative complication rate was 1% and postoperative complication rate was 1.6%. There was no mortality due to LFNF intervention.Conclusion: As an anti-reflux procedure, LFNF is a safe and reliable option for patients with GERD.
Is ethnicity associated with the CVD risk factors and body fat pattern of postmenopausal women?- A comparative study between Hindu caste and Lodha tribal populations
Authors: ROY SUBHO , Kar Debasmita
Published: June 2022

Background
Loss in ovarian function during mid-life results in adverse changes in cardiovascular profile of women. The strength of the association between CVD risk factors and menopause differ by ethnicity since several modifiable factors play significant roles in explaining CVD mortality than differences in endogenous estrogen. India, despite being a multiethnic country, the ethnic difference in body fat pattern and CVD risk factors among postmenopausal women has been less explored. Thus, we intended to study the effect of ethnicity in determining the CVD risk factors and body fat pattern among postmenopausal women belonging to rural and urban Hindu caste and rural Lodha tribal populations. The Lodha tribal populations is considered as Particularly Vulnerable Group (PVTG) in this country.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted among the Bengali Hindu caste and Lodha tribal populations of the State of West Bengal, India covering three districts namely Howrah, Jhargram and East Midnapure. A total number of 197 postmenopausal participants have been recruited for this study (urban caste 69, rural caste 65 and rural Lodha 63). Data on blood sugar and total cholesterol levels, blood pressure, bone mass, muscle mass, body fat distribution and sociodemographic, reproductive and menstrual history and lifestyle variables were collected following standard protocols.
Results
Results of MANCOVA shows that ethnicity significantly predicted all the body fat measures and CVD risk factors (except total cholesterol level), after controlling the effects of covariates (age, lifestyle, socio-demographic and reproductive factors).
Conclusion
The participants of Hindu caste group showed higher incidence of central obesity, while the Lodha tribal group showed higher incidence of hypertension. The caste and tribal population differed significantly in body fat pattern and CVD risk factors and the concomitants to these problems suggesting the interplay between menopause and ethnicity in explaining CVD risk factors during mid-life.
Improvement of the differentiation potential of pluripotent stem cells by optimizing culture conditions
Authors: Yamamoto Takako , Arita Mao , Kawamata Shin , Suzuki Takashi , Kuroda Hirotaka
Published: June 2022

Embryoid cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) retain both differentiation and self-renewal potential. However, the differentiation potential of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can be changed by the culture medium. PSCs retain their differentiation potential when cultured with medium that supports the glycolytic pathway, but lose differentiation potential when cultured with medium that supports mitochondrial function. The genetic labeling of cells in culture and the profiling of copy number variants revealed a population of PSCs with differentiation potential was genetically different from populations without, suggesting that cells with differentiation potential can be selectively cultured by the selection of medium. The self-renewal potential of PSCs that form colonies to grow is challenged by the spontaneous differentiation that continuously and inevitably occurs along the rim of colonies in areas that lack cell-to-cell contact, that means reducing the proportion of undifferentiated cells in culture, if differentiated cells were not removed properly. Seeding cells on a less-potent cell-binding material would minimize the inclusion of differentiated cells, exploiting the reduced adhesive properties of differentiated cells. Our study would serve to improve differentiation potential of already established PSCs, especially iPSC clones with a diverse genetic background and set up standardization of PSCs.
Morphology and structure evolution of multilayered Ge/Si quantum dots grown by magnetron sputtering
Authors: Shu Qijiang , Zhang Xicheng , Yang Linjing , Ye Donghai , Yang Li , Liu Hongxing , Chen Lei
Published: June 2022

We prepared multilayered Si-based Ge quantum dots (Ge/Si QDs) by using magnetron sputtering technique and reported the corresponding morphology evolution. The increased temperature can improve the Si-isolated-layer crystallinity and Ge atom mobility to increase the density, size and spatial distribution uniformity of top-layer QDs. The morphology and vertical correlation between layers of QDs at different temperatures exhibited different phenomena or laws, and had been explained in this work, which made it possible to control the quality of multilayer QDs more effectively in the high-rate growth, and laid a foundation for the industrial production of active layers of optoelectronic devices.
Occupational Musculoskeletal Disorders among Dental Students in Syria
Authors: Asaad Suja Al , Torbey André , Asaad Heba Al , Alhouri Ahmad Nabil , Alzabibi Mhd Amin , Shibani Mosa , Kadri Saeed , Ali Isam
Published: June 2022

Aim: To assess the prevalence and possible causes of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in dental students in Syria.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire built on the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire on dental students in four universities in Syria using convenience sampling.Results: A total of 1993 students were included in the study. 1659 (83.3%) of whom were in clinical years. The neck and lower back were the most affected regions. A statistical significance correlated higher prevalence of trouble in most body parts during the last 12 months with low quality of lighting of the clinic, low quality of equipment, mobility problems between dental and radiology clinics, long use of vibrating tools, uncomfortable working positions, keeping a static position for a prolonged period, and longer working hours.Conclusion: The WRMSDs are affecting dentists from the early stages of their clinical career as dental students. Providing detailed ergonomics knowledge and better equipment is essential for early prevention.
The Impact of Mass Young Adult Crowding During Carnival on the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Influenza a Epidemic: A Multi-Centre Cohort Study
Authors: Sotiropoulos Christos , Loulelis Vasileios , Mastorakou Anna , Adamopoulou Eleni , Kortesas Theoharis , Dimitropoulou Aimilia , Blika Eleni , Papadimitriou-Olivgeri Ioanna , Binenbaum Ilona
Published: June 2022

Objective We investigated the impact of the indoor mass-gathering of young people during the Patras carnival (Greece) on the course of COVID-19 pandemic and Influenza A epidemic. Material and Methods For influenza A, we tested 331 people with high fever (> 38°C) who came in five private laboratories in a two-week period after the carnival, via rapid test. 188 of them were young adults (17-35 years old), all unvaccinated against Influenza A, but all immune to SARS CoV-2, but all immune to SARS CoV-2. For SARS CoV-2 pandemic, we tested 2062 people in a two-week period before and after carnival, also via rapid test. Additionally, we examined 42 samples positive for Influenza A and 51 samples positive for SARS CoV-2 for the possibility of co-infection, via molecular test (RT-PCR). Results : 177/331 people were positive for Influenza A. 109/177 positive people were young adults, in which 93/109 came on the first week after the carnival. Additionally, 42 samples of those patients were molecularly tested and 5 were found negative for Influenza A, but positive for SARS CoV-2. Regarding the SARS CoV-2 pandemic, the increase of positivity index for young adults between the pre-carnival and post-carnival period, were moderate. Discussion Our study indicated that the indoor mass-gathering of young people during the carnival contributed to the outbreak of Influenza A epidemic and had a moderate impact on the course of SARS CoV-2 pandemic, strengthening the crucial role of vaccination against the epidemic waves. It also showed the need of use of high quality rapid tests for their management.
Lenvatinib for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma - a real-world multicentre Australian cohort study
Authors: Patwala Kurvi , Prince David Stephen , Celermajer Yael , Alam Waafiqa , Paul Eldho , Strasser Simone Irene , McCaughan Geoffrey William , Gow Paul , Sood Siddharth , Murphy Elise , Roberts Stuart , Freeman Elliot , Stratton Elizabeth , Davison Scott Anthony , Levy Miriam Tania , Clark-Dickson McCawley , Nguyen Vi , Bell Sally , Nicoll Amanda , Bloom Ashley , Lee Alice Unah , Ryan Marno , Howell Jessica , Valaydon Zina , Mack Alexandra , Liu Ken , Dev Anouk
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a serious complication of chronic liver disease. Lenvatinib is an oral multikinase inhibitor registered to treat advanced HCC. This study evaluates the real-world experience with lenvatinib in Australia.Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients treated with lenvatinib for advanced HCC between July 2018 and November 2020 at eleven Australian tertiary centres. Baseline demographic data, tumour characteristics, lenvatinib dosing, adverse events (AEs) and clinical outcomes were collected. Overall survival (OS) was the primary outcome. Progression free survival (PFS) and AEs were secondary outcomes.Results: A total of 155 patients were included and were predominantly male (90.7%) with a median age of 65 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 59-75). The main causes of chronic liver disease were hepatitis C infection (40.0%) and alcohol-related liver disease (34.2). Median OS and PFS were 7.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.8-14.0) and 5.3 months (95% CI: 2.8- 9.2) respectively. Multivariate predictors of mortality were the need for dose reduction due to AEs (Hazard ratio [HR] 0.41, p<0.01), new or worsening hypertension (HR 0.42, p<0.01), diarrhoea (HR 0.47, p=0.04) and more advanced BCLC stage (HR 2.50, p=0.04). Multivariable predictors of disease progression were higher Child-Pugh score (HR 1.25, p=0.04), the need for a dose reduction (HR 0.45, p<0.01) and age (HR 0.96, P <0.001). AEs occurred in 83.9% of patients with most being mild (71.6%).Conclusions:Lenvatinib remains safe and effective in real-world use. Treatment emergent diarrhoea and hypertension, and the need for dose reduction appear to predict better OS.
Achieving superlubricity of ricinoleic acid in the steel/Si3N4 contact under boundary lubrication
Authors: Long Yun , Martin Jean Michel , Dubreuil Frederic , Bouchet Maria-Isabel De Barros
Published: June 2022

To improve fuel efficiency and minimize environmental pollution, the interest in organic friction modifiers has resurged, especially fatty acids. Efforts have been made to enhance fatty acids’ performance by tuning their saturation state and adding OH lateral groups in the alkyl chain. Here we compared lubrication properties in the boundary regime for oleic acid (OA), ricinoleic acid (RA), and linoleic acid (LA) under the same viscosity for a steel/Si3N4 tribopair. The presence of the OH group in the OA chain reduces not only friction coefficient (CoF) by ~ 70% but also prevents scratches from generating on both surfaces. In the meantime, it determines local friction distribution by controlling top surface terminations. Even at 100°C, the steady-state friction coefficient of steel/Si3N4 lubricated by RA is only 0.014. A temperature decrease to 80°C leads to a superlubricity regime (CoF < 0.01) resulting from the cooperation of nanometer-thick liquid film (possibly containing water) and low friction of contact asperities terminated by OH hydroxyl groups provided by RA. In summary, steel/Si3N4 contact lubricated by ricinoleic acid gives unsurpassed tribological performances reaching superlubricity under a wide range of operating conditions.
Predicting rainfall from IRNSS-retrieved precipitable water and surface meteorological elements
Authors: Jaiswal Rajasri Sen , Lakshmi K Thirumala
Published: June 2022

In this paper, the authors have investigated a few surface meteorological elements, namely surface temperature (ST), surface pressure (SP), relative humidity (RH), and the integrated precipitable water vapor (IPWV) to predict the occurrence of rainfall over a few locations in India, viz. Bhubaneswar, Gadanki, Goa, Kanakapura, and Kolkata. They have obtained the surface temperature, surface pressure, and relative humidity over these locations from the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA). They have estimated the precipitable water over these locations using the tropospheric slant delay (TSD) obtained from the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS). The results show that it is possible to predict the onset of rainfall based on these meteorological elements. The study shows the maximum rainfall in a month mostly follows after the relative humidity reaches its maximum. The study also reveals that these meteorological elements show gradual variations when rainfall intensity varies from very low to extreme category. Besides, the investigation of the several pairs of rainy and non-rainy days reveals that these elements show peculiar characteristics that lead to rainfall. The geography and season influence the relationship between rainfall and surface meteorological elements. Besides, the mutual relationship between these elements also affects the relationship between rainfall and a particular element. The investigation shows that the integrated precipitable water depends on latitude, while the relative humidity increases as the proximity to the sea increases. The paper presents functional relationships of rainfall with surface temperature (ST), surface pressure (SP), relative humidity (RH), integrated precipitable water vapor (IPWV), and total solar irradiance (TSI).
Breast milk as a topical eye drop reduces the severity of ROP: A randomized placebo-controlled trial.
Authors: Silahli Musa , Tekin Mehmet , Kal Ali , Gökmen Zeynel , Büyükeren Melek , Ozcan Beyza , Yılmaz Fatma , Yümlü Kadir , Torer Birgin , Çetinkaya Bilin
Published: June 2022

Objective
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the most common cause of visual impairment and disability in preterm infants. Human breast milk contains stem cells which have the ability to differentiate into all three germ layers. This study investigated whether breast milk used as an eye drop reduces severe ROP or laser-requiring ROP in VLBWinfants.
Methods
A single-blinded, multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted from May 2021 to December 2021 in four level 3 neonatal intensive care units in (hidden for reviewer) in preterm infants younger than 32 weeks gestation. Participants were randomly assigned to use either breast milk eye drops or a placebo (0.9% normal saline). The primary outcome was any stage of ROP. Secondary outcomes were laser-requiring ROP and the highest stage of ROP during follow-up.
Results
For the final analysis, a total of 62 participants (28.6 (2) weeks) were included in the breast milk group (BMG) and 39 participants (29.9 (2) weeks) were included in the placebo group (PG). Although risk factors for the development of ROP and advanced stage ROP were consolidated in BMG, treatment with breast milk reduced ROP progression in patients with ROP in the first examination (stage 2–3 ROP n = 9 (75%) in BMG vs. n = 3 (80%) in PG), RR = 0.93, 95% CI: [0.54–1.61]; p = 0.999). No serious adverse effects were observed in either group.
Conclusion
The use of freshly expressed breast milk as eye drops reduced the advanced stage of ROP or laser-required ROP in patients with ROP on initial examination.
Biochemical estimation of manganese nanoparticles reactions in native and model biological systems
Authors: Sieprawska Apolonia , Rudolphi-Szydło Elżbieta , Barbasz Anna , Skórka Magdalena , Telk Anna , Filek Maria
Published: June 2022

Purpose
Due to its physiological importance as a micronutrient, manganese supplementation requires taking into account the possibility of overdosing, which is associated with the initiation of stressogenic effects in plant cells. The use of nanoparticles may reduce the amount of Mn ion administered, especially during foliar treatment. Hence, the aim of the research was to demonstrate the mechanism of action of MnNPs on plant cells and to determine the extent of the stress-inducing reaction of these NPs.
Methods
A response to manganese nanoparticles was studied in seedlings of two wheat cultivars, model system of plant cell membranes and compared with cell lines (U-937, HL-60, HUT-78, COLO-720L). The nanoparticles (MnNPs as Mn3O4) were at the same concentrations (125 and 250 mg/mL) by foliar application to plants and to the cell culture media.
Results
The administration of NPs enhanced the content of Mn in plant cells, indicating its penetration through the leaf surface and initiated the oxidative stress measures as an increase in enzyme activity, starch accumulation, and a decrease in chlorophyll synthesis. Moreover, a rise in the electrokinetic potential of the chloroplast membrane surface and the reconstruction of their hydrophobic parts toward an increase in fatty acid saturation was found.
Conclusion
The study demonstrated that the stress response in plant cells was initiated up to 250 mg/mL of MnNPs. The same concentration resulted in reduction of cell viability, especially in U-937 line.
Brassinosteroids modulate the polyamines profile in enhancing resistance to manganese toxicity in Malus robusta Rehd.
Authors: Zhang Qing , Liang Meixia , Song Ruoxuan , Song Zhizhong , Song Hao , Qiao Xuqiang
Published: June 2022

Background and aims
Manganese (Mn) toxicity is a widely spread phenomenon in soils, seriously restricting crop growth, quality and yield. However, mechanisms towards BRs in regulating PAs-enhanced Mn stress are unknown. This study aims to explore the effects of BRs on Mn resistance of apple seedlings by regulating PAs profile.
Methods
The effects of 2,4-epibrassinolide (EBL) on the expression of genes involved in BR signal pathway, Mn accumulation, polyamines-mediated responses (precursors, content, metabolic enzymes and genes) as well as growth parameters in Mn-stressed Malus robusta Rehd. were assessed.
Results
EBL application significantly modulated BR signaling genes (MdBRI, MdBSK, etc.) expression and reduced Mn accumulation, accompanied with strengthened growth rate of root length and plant height, RWC, chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, and decreased electrical conductivity. Meanwhile, it weakened Orn pathway, decreased ODC activity and increased biosynthesis from Put to Spm via elevating the PAO activity and expressions of MdSPDS, MdSPMS and MdPAO. ADC and DAO activities and MdDAO gene expression failed to restrain the loss of Put. The trends for free, PS-conjugated and PIS-bound PAs were similar to that of total PAs, except that no significant change was observed in free Spm, PS-conjugated Spd and Spm as well as PIS-bound Spd groups. As a result, EBL significantly reduced Put accumulation and enhanced Spm content and (Spd + Spm)/Put ratio.
Conclusions
This study contributes to clarify the utility of BR-induced PAs response as an important mitigative measure against Mn toxicity in fruit trees.
Mechanism of Shen Shuai II Recipe against Renal Hypoxia in Chronic Kidney Disease: Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Study
Authors: Xu Yizeng , Wang Meng , Wang Chen
Published: June 2022

Background
Renal hypoxia is prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and aggravates renal failure. Shen Shuai II Recipe (SSR) is our common herbal formula for the treatment of CKD. However, the molecular mechanism of SSR under the efficacy remains unclear. This study aims to systematically explore the potential mechanism of SSR in the improvement of renal hypoxia in CKD using network pharmacology prediction and molecular docking validation.
Methods
The bioactive compounds and targets of SSR were mined from TCMSP database and employed to construct compounds-targets network by Cytoscape 3.8.2. The corresponding targets reflecting CKD-associated renal hypoxia were retrieved from GeneCards, OMIM and DrugBank databases. The intersection of compound target and disease target was obtained and imported into STRING database to build a PPI network. Metascape was used for GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses on screened coincident targets. We further constructed compounds-targets-pathways network using Cytoscape 3.8.2, and the Autodock was adopted for molecular docking validation on the core active compounds and targets.
Results
A total of 145 active compounds and 249 targets of SSR were identified. Furthermore, 8 compounds and 10 targets were screened as the key roles in the therapeutic effect of SSR. GO and KEGG analysis showed that the mechanisms of SSR against renal hypoxia in CKD were closely related to the regulation of proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress through AGE-RAGE, p53, JAK-STAT, HIF-1 as well as IL-1β/c-Myc signaling pathway. The molecular docking results indicated good binding activities of the predicted compounds with targets.
Conclusion
This study reveals the multi-compounds, multi-targets, and multi-pathways synergistic mechanism of SSR against CKD-associated renal hypoxia, which provides a reference for subsequent basic research of SSR in CKD treatment.