bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cordulegaster virginiae sp. nov. from Mexico, including a comparison with C. diadema Selys, 1868, and a redescription of its larva (Odonata: Cordulegastridae)
Authors: NOVELO-GUTIÉRREZ RODOLFO
Published: March 2018

Cordulegaster virginiae sp. nov. is described based on eight adults (7 males, 1 female) collected in cloud forest in municipalities of Banderilla and Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. The new species is compared with adults of C. diadema Selys, 1868. All the structural differences between both species are located on the abdomen. Cordulegaster godmani McLachlan, 1876 is considered a junior synonym of C. diadema. The larva of C. diadema is redescribed and illustrated in detail based on reared material.
A new member of the genus Isotomurus from the Kuril Islands (Collembola: Isotomidae): returning to the problem of “colour pattern species”
Authors: POTAPOV MIKHAIL , PORCO DAVID , DEHARVENG LOUIS
Published: March 2018

Colour pattern is the most common character to identify species in several large genera of Collembola. Its use often raises problems due to various and poorly investigated extent of chromatic variability among species. Isotomurus festus sp. nov. is here described from Kunashir Isl. (the Kuriles, the Far East of Russia). The species, a member of the ‘antennalis’ group, is characterized by the lack of trichobothria and slender claws, but is greatly variable in coloration. DNA barcoding (COI) results supports that all the colour forms encountered belong to the same species. While colour pattern has been shown to be the most reliable character for species identification in several Entomobryidae genera, it might not be the case in Isotomurus Börner, 1903, the sole large Isotomidae genus where colour pattern is routinely used for taxonomy.
The larva and pupa of Potamyia flavata (Banks 1934) (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae): Description, life cycle, and notes on its biology
Authors: MANEECHAN WITWISITPONG , KRUTTHA PHASSAWAT , PROMMI TAENG ON
Published: March 2018

The immature and adult stages of Potamyia flavata Banks 1934 were sampled in seven sampling sites in streams of western Thailand. The samples were collected in February, May, and December 2015 using hand picking. A total of 2,133 individuals of larvae were collected. The larva and pupa of Po. flavata are described and illustrated. Larvae have five instars. The head capsule width of the first to the fifth instar larvae were 0.20–0.29, 0.30–0.39, 0.40–0.59, 0.60–0.79, and 0.80–1.15 mm, respectively. Gut content analysis revealed that larvae are omnivorous filterers. The guts of the larvae contained mainly diatoms and green algae followed by filamentous algae, detritus, and arthropod fragments.
New species and records of the pseudoscorpion genus Geogarypus (Pseudoscorpiones: Geogarypidae) from India, Sri Lanka and New Guinea
Authors: NOVÁK JÁNOS , HARVEY MARK S.
Published: March 2018

Two new pseudoscorpion species, Geogarypus muchmorei sp. nov. from India and G. klarae sp. nov. from Papua New Guinea, are described and illustrated. New data for G. sagittatus Beier, 1965 are reported and a supplementary description is given, based on a new specimen. New occurrences of G. longidigitatus (Rainbow, 1897) are recorded from Papua New Guinea and Sri Lanka.
A Bird’s-Eye View: Development of an Operational ARM Unmanned Aerial Capability for Atmospheric Research in Arctic Alaska
Authors: de Boer Gijs , Ivey Mark , Schmid Beat , Lawrence Dale , Dexheimer Darielle , Mei Fan , Hubbe John , Bendure Albert , Hardesty Jasper , Shupe Matthew D. , McComiskey Allison , Telg Hagen , Schmitt Carl , Matrosov Sergey Y. , Brooks Ian , Creamean Jessie , Solomon Amy , Turner David D. , Williams Christopher , Maahn Maximilian , Argrow Brian , Palo Scott , Long Charles N. , Gao Ru-Shan , Mather James
Published: March 2018

Thorough understanding of aerosols, clouds, boundary layer structure, and radiation is required to improve the representation of the Arctic atmosphere in weather forecasting and climate models. To develop such understanding, new perspectives are needed to provide details on the vertical structure and spatial variability of key atmospheric properties, along with information over difficult-to-reach surfaces such as newly forming sea ice. Over the last three years, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has supported various flight campaigns using unmanned aircraft systems [UASs, also known as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and drones] and tethered balloon systems (TBSs) at Oliktok Point, Alaska. These activities have featured in situ measurements of the thermodynamic state, turbulence, radiation, aerosol properties, cloud microphysics, and turbulent fluxes to provide a detailed characterization of the lower atmosphere. Alongside a suite of active and passive ground-based sensors and radiosondes deployed by the DOE Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program through the third ARM Mobile Facility (AMF-3), these flight activities demonstrate the ability of such platforms to provide critically needed information. In addition to providing new and unique datasets, lessons learned during initial campaigns have assisted in the development of an exciting new community resource.
Future Precipitation Projections over Central and Southern Africa and the Adjacent Indian Ocean: What Causes the Changes and the Uncertainty?
Authors: Lazenby Melissa J. , Todd Martin C. , Chadwick Robin , Wang Yi
Published: March 2018

Future projections of precipitation at regional scales are vital to inform climate change adaptation activities. Therefore, is it important to quantify projected changes and associated uncertainty, and understand model processes responsible. This paper addresses these challenges for southern Africa and the adjacent Indian Ocean focusing on the local wet season. Precipitation projections for the end of the twenty-first century indicate a pronounced dipole pattern in the CMIP5 multimodel mean. The dipole indicates future wetting (drying) to the north (south) of the climatological axis of maximum rainfall, implying a northward shift of the ITCZ and south Indian Ocean convergence zone that is not consistent with a simple “wet get wetter” pattern. This pattern is most pronounced in early austral summer, suggesting a later and shorter wet season over much of southern Africa. Using a decomposition method we determine physical mechanisms underlying this dipole pattern of projected change, and the associated intermodel uncertainty. The projected dipole pattern is largely associated with the dynamical component of change indicative of shifts in the location of convection. Over the Indian Ocean, this apparent northward shift in the ITCZ may reflect the response to changes in the north–south SST gradient over the Indian Ocean, consistent with a “warmest get wetter” mechanism. Over land subtropical drying is relatively robust, particularly in the early wet season. This has contributions from dynamical shifts in the location of convection, which may be related to regional SST structures in the southern Indian Ocean, and the thermodynamic decline in relative humidity. Implications for understanding and potentially constraining uncertainty in projections are discussed.
Un foro nella realtà. Dai circumvisionisti al neo realismo di Carlo Bernari
Authors: Panico Angelo
Published: March 2018

Negli anni ‘30 del Novecento nasce nell’Italia Meridionale un movimento culturale ctonio che, operando al di sotto della censura fascista, tenta di restituire all’arte la libertà di espressione – e ispirazione – necessaria a rappresentare la nuova realtà delle cose. Così, nella clandestinità che il momento storico imponeva, si sviluppa una vera e propria avanguardia (testimoniata dal manifesto dell’U.D.A.) orientata verso una nuova forma di realismo ben distante dalle formule canonizzate della retorica naturalistica.

Spinti dalla volontà di fondare una nuova arte che riacquisti il rapporto dialettico con il reale e affascinati dal pensiero materialistico, i circumvisionisti, collegandosi alla situazione sociale meridionale e ai grandi eventi della vita contemporanea, elaboravano, come un magma germinativo, gli studi sulla nuova “grammatica della visione” (Maria Corti Principi della comunicazione letteraria), volti a fornire una precisa descrizione della realtà emersa a ridosso della Liberazione. Quanto più profonde si fanno le ricerche nel terreno culturale della clandestinità e quanto più diventano aderenti i percorsi critici alla rete di passaggi sotterranei, tanto più risulta essere opportuno soffermarsi sulla mostra di Capri nel 1928 del primo circumvisionismo, sul manifesto Uda del 1929 di Carlo Bernari, Paolo Ricci e Guglielmo Pierce come punto di partenza del primo neorealismo napoletano, al fine di delineare una macrocategoria estetica (come preciserà Bernari) non ancora cristallizzata in una vera e propria etichetta, ma aperta alle sperimentazioni avanguardistiche europee.
Finding critical trusters: A response pattern model of political trust
Authors: Wu Cary , Wilkes Rima
Published: March 2018

How can declining political trust in Western democracies be explained, especially, when it remains stable and high in authoritarian societies? Underlying this question is a debate about whether political trust represents a diffuse orientation toward the political system as a whole or a specific assessment of incumbent performance. This article argues that the solution requires a move away from existing approaches that focus on question content and instead thinking about the pattern of responses. While previous work assumes that individuals display both specific and diffuse trust, we argue that the individual patterning of responses indicates either diffuse or specific trust but not both. We develop a response pattern model and use it to identify three types of individuals – critical trusters (specific trust), compliants (diffuse trust), and cynics (diffuse distrust). Tests of the model with the World Values Survey (WVS) and the US General Social Survey (GSS) show that democracies have a higher proportion of critical trusters than other systems of government and that the proportion of critical trusters has increased over time in the United States. The response pattern model directly connects cross-national and longitudinal empirical evidence to theory about the relationship between democracy and different types of trust.
Talking to children about parental mental illness: The experiences of well parents
Authors: Ballal Divya , Navaneetham Janardhana
Published: March 2018

Background:

Children of parents with mental illness are not routinely included in psychoeducational and supportive family interventions provided by adult mental health systems. The family, therefore, is an important and, sometimes, the only source of information and support for them.

Aim:

To understand the experiences of well parents in talking to their children about parental mental illness.

Method:

This article presents the findings of a qualitative study of the experiences of well parents in talking to their children about parental mental illness. Ten well parents whose spouses were diagnosed with a severe mental illness participated in the study. Socio-demographic information, family details and history of the spouse’s mental illness along with their experiences of talking to children about parental mental illness, the perceived risks and benefits, challenges they faced and the role of others in the process were recorded. Qualitative data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Findings:

The themes of ‘distancing children from parental mental illness’, ‘avoiding conversations about the illness’, ‘giving and receiving emotional support’, ‘providing explanations of the illness’ and ‘regulating other sources of information’ show the complex ways in which well parents influence their children’s understanding of parental mental illness. The findings are examined in the background of what is known about this topic from the perspective of children or of the parent with illness. Possible ways to support well parents in families affected by parental mental illness are discussed.

Conclusion:

This study is a step forward in the understanding of how families talk to children about parental mental illness and provides the perspective of the well parent.
Development of Marijuana Use Among Juvenile Offenders and Its Relevance for Predicting Problematic Binge Drinking: A Dual Trajectory Analysis Approach
Authors: Wojciechowski Thomas
Published: March 2018

This study builds on past research to examine the association of engagement in consistently high binge drinking behavior in adolescence with the concurrent development of marijuana use and to better understand the development of marijuana use during adolescence among a sample of juvenile offenders. This research used group-based trajectory analysis to examine heterogeneity in the development of marijuana use and dual trajectory analysis to examine the relevance of trajectories for predicting concurrent problematic binge drinking. A seven-group model best fit the marijuana use data. Marijuana use in adolescence predicted increased odds of assignment to the heavy chronic binge drinking group. The heavy chronic marijuana use group was overwhelmingly the best predictor of assignment to this group. Juvenile offenders are at risk of engagement in marijuana use and problematic levels of marijuana use. Engagement in marijuana use predicts higher odds of problematic binge drinking behavior during adolescence.
The Intrinsic Learning Goals of Elementary School Students, in Their Own Words
Authors: Froiland John Mark
Published: March 2018

Applying intrinsic life goals and learning goals increases children’s autonomous motivation to learn and enjoyment of learning. A paucity of field-based intervention studies have focused on helping students set intrinsic life goals and learning goals. In particular, there is a need for qualitative studies that examine intrinsic learning goal content over the course of an intervention. This qualitative study examined the homework goals that 15 upper elementary school students wrote over the course of 5 weeks within the context of a 7-week parent autonomy support and student life goals intervention. Three themes were identified: (1) overtly healthy attitudes toward the learning process (e.g., focusing on enjoyment, interest, persistence, creativity, and taking on challenges); (2) expressing motivation for helping others, which is a key intrinsic life goal; and (3) deeper purposes for academic subjects (i.e., spelling, reading, math, and science), which students usually experience as more meaningful and satisfying than extrinsic goals. Whereas most previous studies assess goal orientation by having students fill out forced-choice questionnaires, future intrinsic life goals intervention studies may benefit from considering these themes and the way children describe their own intrinsic goals, because they could help with training students to set goals that support autonomous motivation.
Difficulties of Drivers With Dyslexia When Reading Traffic Signs: Analysis of Reading, Eye Gazes, and Driving Performance
Authors: Tejero Pilar , Insa Beatriz , Roca Javier
Published: March 2018

A group of adult individuals with dyslexia and a matched group of normally reading individuals participated in a driving simulation experiment. Participants were asked to read the word presented on every direction traffic sign encountered along a route, as far as possible from the sign, maintaining driving performance. Word frequency and word length were manipulated as within-subject factors. We analyzed (a) reading accuracy, (b) how far the sign was when the participant started to give the response, (c) where the participant looked during the time leading up to the response, and (d) the variability of the vehicle’s speed during that time and during driving on similar segments of the route that did not present the traffic signs. Individuals with dyslexia showed lower levels of performance in the reading task, the roles of word frequency and word length were more influential for them, and there was larger variability of the vehicle’s speed during the time they were attempting to read the traffic sign, which did not occur during their driving on similar segments that did not present the targeted traffic signs. Therefore, the specific needs of individuals with dyslexia on the road should be considered in plans aimed at increasing traffic safety and fluidity.
Computer Programming With Pre-K Through First-Grade Students With Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Taylor Matthew S.
Published: March 2018

Researchers suggest students in early elementary grade levels are active learners and creators and need to be exposed to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) curriculum. The need for student understanding in STEM curriculum is well-documented, and positive results in robotics and computer programming are leading researchers and policy makers to introduce new standards in education. The purpose of this single-case design study is to research the potential for PreK-1st grade students with intellectual disabilities (ID) to learn skills in computer programming through explicit instruction, concrete manipulatives, and tangible interfaces. Students were assessed through baseline, treatment, and generalization phases. The students with ID were found to successfully program the robot, following explicit instruction, although they had difficulty generalizing skills to tablet application. Discussion of results, future research, and limitations is provided.
A Review of Identity in Research on Social Justice in Teacher Education: What Role for Intersectionality?
Authors: Pugach Marleen C. , Gomez-Najarro Joyce , Matewos Ananya M.
Published: March 2018

This review examines the past 25 years of empirical research on social justice in teacher education, focusing on the question of how researchers in the field, who demonstrate a long-standing aspirational commitment to preparing new teachers for diversity and equity, address students’ and teacher candidates’ multiple social markers of identity, and in particular the complexity of their identities. Using the framework of intersectionality, we illustrate how teacher education researchers position student and teacher candidate identities and their complexity. Findings indicate that identity is typically addressed in a unidimensional manner, with little acknowledgment of students’ or teacher candidates’ complex, multiple, and intersecting identities. We conclude our analysis by exploring the potential of intersectionality as a framework for identity considerations when preparing equity-minded new teachers who are committed to social justice.
Silk fibroin biomaterial-functionalized carbon nanotubes for high water dispersibility and promising biomedical applications
Authors: Sun Yehua , Fu Yaqin , Luo Jingjing , Wang Rui , Dong Yubing
Published: March 2018

The dispersion of carbon nanotubes in solvents is crucial for their practical applications. In this study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) functionalized with water-soluble silk fibroin (SF) were prepared via chemical modification on the carbon nanotube surface in water solution. These fillers are low in toxicity and environmentally friendly. The SF-functionalized MWCNTs greatly improved dispersion in H2O and methanoic acid. Additionally, a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was performed to assess biocompatibility and the results indicated the favorable biocompatible properties of MWCNTs due to SF functionalization. Therefore, SF-functionalized MWCNTs have potential applications in waterborne polymer-based nanocomposites, especially in the biomedical field.
Explaining Effective HRM Implementation: A Middle Versus First-Line Management Perspective
Authors: Op de Beeck Sophie , Wynen Jan , Hondeghem Annie
Published: March 2018

In this article, we explore one of the key underlying mechanisms that mediates the human resource management (HRM)–performance link, namely, the (effective) HRM implementation by line managers. In particular, the purpose of our study is to compare middle and first-line managers’ experiences of their human resource (HR) role and the factors explaining effective HRM implementation at each managerial level. By employing survey data of two Belgian federal government organizations, we examine the effect of a number of organizational, individual and interpersonal factors on the effectiveness of line managers in HRM implementation. Results indicate that both middle and first-line managers’ HRM implementation effectiveness is related to organizational support, autonomous motivation, and coworker support. For the group of first-line managers, specifically, age and local office position are important in the execution of their HR tasks. For the group of middle managers, however, personnel red tape, length of service, and supervisory experience contribute to their HRM implementation effectiveness. As a result, an organization’s HR department can create the internal organizational conditions necessary to facilitate successful HRM implementation by the line. At the same time, it is worth adapting the approach according to the different managerial levels.
Assessment of thermal comfort in high-occupancy spaces with relevance to air distribution schemes: A case study of mosques
Authors: Samiuddin S , Budaiwi Ismail M
Published: March 2018

In high-occupancy intermittently operated buildings such as mosques and auditoriums, maintaining an acceptable thermal environment may present a challenging task. Variations in the operation and the thermal loads can result in variable and non-uniform thermal comfort conditions when the HVAC system is not properly designed. Non-uniformity of the thermal environment is greatly influenced by the design and scheme of the air distribution system. Mosques, with their distinctive five intermittent short occupancies and the non-fixed posture of occupants, present a unique case for investigation. In this study, the effect of air distribution of various schemes of a ceiling-based system on the thermal comfort in mosques is investigated. Air diffusion performance index and Fanger’s PMV method are used to assess thermal comfort. Three air distribution schemes at four diffuser terminal velocities were studied using the EnergyPlus and computational fluid dynamics techniques. Results indicate major variations in air diffusion performance index with each air distribution scheme type and diffuser terminal velocity. The uniformity of the PMV was entirely dependent on the air diffusion performance index value and exhibited large variations when the air diffusion performance index value was low. In most cases, the space was overcooled with an average PMV of −0.66 or below.

Practical application: The effect of air distribution system design on human thermal comfort has been very complex to understand, as it involves different schemes and different diffuser discharge velocities. This study will help engineers and designers in designing better thermal environment for the occupants.
Forms of participation: The development and application of a conceptual model of participation in work environment interventions
Authors: Abildgaard Johan Simonsen , Hasson Henna , von Thiele Schwarz Ulrica , Løvseth Lise Tevik , Ala-Laurinaho Arja , Nielsen Karina
Published: March 2018

In the realm of work environment improvements, the Nordic countries have led the way in demonstrating that employee participation is a key requisite for achieving improvements. Despite this, there is a lack of precision as to what ‘participatory’ in a participatory work environment intervention means. In this study, the authors present a conceptual model for participation in work environment interventions and apply it to protocols and manuals from eight participatory interventions to determine the form of participation used in each intervention. The authors suggest that the conceptual model can be applied in the design and assessment of participatory work environment interventions.
Towards ‘multi-collar’ unionism: Cases of trespassing professionals in Norwegian industrial relations
Authors: Ravn Johan E , Øyum Lisbeth
Published: March 2018

This article discusses the changes in workers’ identity as blue-collar or salaried staff with respect to changing work content due to new models of industrial systems. Within these new industrial models, traditional blue-collar work is moving into areas of work previously held solely by salaried staff. This article argues that the merging of work content will cause a process of identity-mergers, a process calling for increased collaboration between blue-collar unions on the one hand, and salaried staff unions on the other. Reporting on four company cases, the authors argue that this process is caused both by labour unions’ efforts to increase workers’ motivation in work, as well as by market demands generating new models of industrial production. The authors conclude that the models of industrial relations must change so as to encompass cross-union collaboration and the diversity of professions.
Adverse Weather Evokes Nostalgia
Authors: van Tilburg Wijnand A. P. , Sedikides Constantine , Wildschut Tim
Published: March 2018

Four studies examined the link between adverse weather and the palliative role of nostalgia. We proposed and tested that (a) adverse weather evokes nostalgia (Hypothesis 1); (b) adverse weather causes distress, which predicts elevated nostalgia (Hypothesis 2); (c) preventing nostalgia exacerbates weather-induced distress (Hypothesis 3); and (d) weather-evoked nostalgia confers psychological benefits (Hypothesis 4). In Study 1, participants listened to recordings of wind, thunder, rain, and neutral sounds. Adverse weather evoked nostalgia. In Study 2, participants kept a 10-day diary recording weather conditions, distress, and nostalgia. We also obtained meteorological data. Adverse weather perceptions were positively correlated with distress, which predicted higher nostalgia. Also, adverse natural weather was associated with corresponding weather perceptions, which predicted elevated nostalgia. (Results were mixed for rain.) In Study 3, preventing nostalgia (via cognitive load) increased weather-evoked distress. In Study 4, weather-evoked nostalgia was positively associated with psychological benefits. The findings pioneer the relevance of nostalgia as source of comfort in adverse weather.
To Whom Do We Confide Our Secrets?
Authors: Slepian Michael L. , Kirby James N.
Published: March 2018

Although prior work has examined secret keeping, no prior work has examined who gets told secrets. Five studies find compassion and assertiveness predict having secrets confided in oneself (as determined by both self- and peer reports), whereas enthusiasm and politeness were associated with having fewer secrets confided. These results bolster suggestions that interpersonal aspects of personality (which can fit a circumplex structure) are driven by distinct causal forces. While both related to agreeableness, compassion (empathy and desire to help) predicts being confided in more, whereas politeness (concern with social norms and social rules) predicts being confided in less. Likewise, while both related to extraversion, assertiveness (having the agency and drive to help) predicts being confided in more, whereas enthusiasm (positive sociality) predicts being confided in less.
Development of Live Load Model for Strength II Limit State in AASHTO LRFD Design Specifications
Authors: Lou Peng , Nassif Hani , Truban Paul
Published: March 2018

The AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications defines Strength II limit state for agencies to consider the load combination by owner-specified special design vehicles, evaluation permit vehicles, or both. The configuration and characteristics of permit vehicles vary from state to state. In addition, the code calibration process performed in 1994 for the development of the live load factors was applied only to the Strength I limit state. In New Jersey, the design permit vehicle was not developed based on actual permit records or weigh-in-motion (WIM) data. Recently, with the development of permit-issuing management and WIM technology, there is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of design permit vehicles. This study aims to develop a live load model for the assessment of Strength II limit state for New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT). Five years of permit vehicle records are provided by NJDOT for the development of the live load model. The distribution of Gross Vehicle Weight is best described as the Generalized Extreme Value distribution. Load effects are simulated for different span lengths. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of the 75-year maximum loads are predicted using different extrapolation approaches. The results show that NJDOT Design Permit Vehicle provides stable mean and SD of bias ratios at 75-year level. In comparison with the current AASHTO live load factor of 1.35, the averages of the bias ratios at the 75-year level are found to be 1.31, 1.23, and 1.16 for the positive moment, shear, and negative moment, respectively.
A Conceptual Framework for Understanding Latino Immigrant’s Ambiguous Loss of Homeland
Authors: Perez Rose M. , Arnold-Berkovits Ilona
Published: March 2018

Understanding the complex psychological processes that underlie post-migration experiences can assist those settling into a new land. We propose a conceptual framework that examines two distinct emotional experiences—ambiguous loss of homeland (ALH) and relative satisfaction (RS) between the country of origin (CO) and the host country. This framework emerges from interviews with 55 Spanish-speaking immigrants to the United States and results in four quadrants: (1) “pulled there” (feels loss of homeland strongly and prefers CO to the United States); (2) “neither here nor there” (does not feel loss of homeland strongly, however, prefers CO to the United States); (3) “mostly here” (does not feel loss of homeland strongly and prefers the United States); and (4) “here but pulled there” (feels loss of homeland strongly, however, prefers the United States). The conceptual framework of ALH and RS contributes to the immigration literature and is not exclusive to Latinos, but to the growing global immigrant and refugee population.
Informed Gatekeepers and Transnational Violence: Using Perceptions of Safety of Latino/a Youth in Determining Legal Cases
Authors: Cannon Clare , Fouts Sarah , Stramel Miranda
Published: March 2018

From 2013 to 2017, thousands of unaccompanied children (UCs) arrived in Louisiana from Latin America. This research aims to increase understanding of experiences of Latino/a youth who came to New Orleans during that migratory peak. This study offers additional background information on the violent circumstances that forced youth to migrate and insight into youth perceptions of public safety for stakeholders in law and public policy. By triangulating secondary data on crime in Mexico, Central America, and New Orleans with primary survey data ( N = 52), this study found that the majority of surveyed youth (79.2 %) consider New Orleans safer than their country of origin. This finding, among other significant findings related to violence and perceived effectiveness of law enforcement, can be used to advise stakeholders when considering legal options for youth. Moreover, this study generates applied research that contextualizes immigrant youth experiences and their perceptions of safety, offering a methodology for future scholarship.
Organizing Under Austerity: How Residents’ Concerns Became the Flint Water Crisis
Authors: Krings Amy , Kornberg Dana , Lane Erin
Published: March 2018

What might it take for politically marginalized residents to challenge cuts in public spending that threaten to harm their health and wellbeing? Specifically, how did residents of Flint, Michigan contribute to the decision of an austerity regime, which was not accountable to them, to spend millions to switch to a safe water source? Relying on evidence from key interviews and newspaper accounts, we examine the influence and limitations of residents and grassroots groups during the 18-month period between April 2014 and October 2015 when the city drew its water from the Flint River. We find that citizen complaints alone were not sufficiently able to convince city officials or national media of widespread illness caused by the water. However, their efforts resulted in partnerships with researchers whose evidence bolstered their claims, thus inspiring a large contribution from a local foundation to support the switch to a clean water source. Thus, before the crisis gained national media attention, and despite significant constraints, residents’ sustained organization—coupled with scientific evidence that credentialed local claims—motivated the return to the Detroit water system. The Flint case suggests that residents seeking redress under severe austerity conditions may require partnerships with external scientific elites.
Conversion method study from cutter-location points to nonuniform rational B-spline toolpath NC file for high-speed machining
Authors: Ma Jian-wei , Song De-ning , Jia Zhen-yuan , Hu Guo-qing , Su Wei-wei
Published: March 2018

Parts with complex curved surfaces are widely applied and the demands for the machining quality and the machining efficiency of such complex parts become increasingly higher. In order to realize high-speed and high-quality machining, the nonuniform rational B-spline interpolator is widely researched and demonstrated to be superior to the conventional linear or circular interpolators. However, the nonuniform rational B-spline toolpath NC files cannot be directly generated from the computer-aided design (CAD) models by using commercial computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) software. To deal with this problem, a conversion method from the cutter-location points to the nonuniform rational B-spline toolpath numerical control (NC) file is presented. To avoid the bad curve-fitting effect at sharp corners of the toolpath and to meanwhile reduce the computational burden, the cutter-location pre-processing method, consisting data segmentation and data simplification, is provided first. Then, the least-square method is employed to fit the cutter locations to the nonuniform rational B-spline curves, and an iterative fitting approach is proposed for linear/nonuniform rational B-spline hybrid toolpath generation. Finally, a user interface is designed for displaying the fitting results and outputting the NC file with nonuniform rational B-spline toolpaths. By using this method, nonuniform rational B-spline and linear toolpaths hybrid interpolation NC program can be generated for the high-speed machining of complex curved surface parts with the utilization of the nonuniform rational B-spline interpolator. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and the advantages of the presented method.
A new low-carbon design method based on multi-agent interactive reinforcement learning
Authors: Wang Zi-li , Zhang Shu-you , Qiu Le-miao
Published: March 2018

With the development of manufacturing industry, considerable attention has been paid to the issue of environmental problems caused by the manufacturing process. One of the most important methods to solve this kind of problem is the low-carbon design of the products before manufacturing process. Therefore, a new part structure low-carbon design method is proposed in this paper. At first, the layered structure model based on part features is constructed in order to divide the product into part features, and as a result, the carbon footprint is calculated for each part feature. Then, the part features are clustered into several classes looking forward to find the higher carbon emissions part features as initial features for low-carbon design. After that, the multi-agent interactive reinforcement learning method is performed on the topological path of multiple initial parts using the Q-learning algorithm in Markov environment, so as to meet the design requirements of low-carbon design. Finally, a 6400 kN injection molding machine moving template design was taken as an example to verify the effectiveness of the proposed low-carbon design method.
Abnormality of the longitudinal Pochhammer–Chree waves in the vicinity of C2 phase speed
Authors: Kuznetsov Sergey V
Published: March 2018

The exact solutions of the linear Pochhammer–Chree equation for propagating harmonic waves in a cylindrical rod are analyzed. Spectral analysis of the matrix dispersion equation for longitudinal axially symmetric modes is performed and analytical expressions for displacement fields are obtained. The variation of wave polarization on the free surface due to the variation of Poisson’s ratio and circular frequency is analyzed. It is observed that at the phase speed coinciding with the bulk shear speed all the components of the displacement field vanish, meaning that no longitudinal axisymmetric Pochhammer–Chree waves can propagate at this phase speed.
In case of anastrozole-related hallucinations, can switching to letrozole be a treatment option? A case report and literature review
Authors: Bozkaya Yakup , Erdem Gökmen Umut , Demirci Nebi Serkan
Published: March 2018

Arthralgia, myalgia, paresthesia, reduced bone mineral density, vasomotor side effects including hot flashes and night sweats, genitourinary symptoms including decreased libido, vaginal dryness and dyspareunia are common side effects of aromatase inhibitors. Unlike the common side effects, the information on neurological side effects like hallucination of aromatase inhibitor was limited in literature cases. Herein, we reported a case of hallucination related to anastrozole in a patient with metastatic breast cancer. A 62-year-old female patient with breast cancer developed repetitive hallucinations on the following days of anastrozole initiation. There was no other significant finding in the differential diagnosis of hallucination. Neurological symptoms disappeared after termination of anastrozole. The patient had no neuropsychiatric complaints during letrozole treatment. We aimed to emphasize that neurological side effect like hallucination may rarely occur during the treatment of anastrozole and in case of aromatase inhibitor-related hallucinations, switching to another aromatase inhibitor (letrozole) can be a treatment option.
Zika Virus Awareness and Prevention Practices Among University Students in Miami: Fall 2016
Authors: Darrow William , Bhatt Chintan , Rene Cassandra , Thomas Lakisha
Published: March 2018

In January 2016, the first case of mosquito-borne Zika infection in the mainland United States was confirmed in Miami, Florida. The first locally acquired case was reported 6 months later. Local public health and school officials began warning students of the outbreak on their return to the classroom in August 2016. In November–December 2016, we conducted a survey of students attending a large public university in Miami to determine how well informed they were about Zika. A multistage sampling design was used to contact teaching assistants and ask them for help in recruiting their students. Eligible students had to be 18 years of age or older and enrolled in at least one three-credit course during fall semester. A 25-item questionnaire based on the World Health Organization Zika Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Resource Pack was developed, pretested, and approved by the university’s institutional review board before it was made available to eligible students through Blackboard Learn or a survey link. About half (50.4%) of the 139 respondents had heard about Zika prior to 2016. Only one student was unaware of Zika before our survey. Most (47.1%) first learned about Zika through television, 18.8% from family or friends, and 15.2% from the Internet, social media, or university e-mail. Two thirds (66.2%) believed Zika could be prevented, 15.1% thought it might be prevented, and 85.7% had taken some precautions. A high level of awareness of the risk of Zika infection was apparent. Most students reported taking steps to avoid exposure to the Zika virus.
A Comparison of Characteristics and Cultures of Academic Disciplinary Areas in the Context of Advertising and Public Relations Education
Authors: McMillan Sally J.
Published: March 2018

This study examines factors such as academic preparation, socioeconomic status, faculty/student relationships and extracurricular activities in different colleges at a public research university. The goal of this study is to begin to understand the cultures of different broad academic disciplinary areas where students may study advertising and public relations. Student survey responses combined with institutional data about those students did reveal differences based on academic disciplinary areas. Communication students were somewhat less prepared academically, more likely to be the first in their family to attend college, most likely to report having a faculty mentor and most likely to be involved in student media. They also engaged in internship and co-op experiences, used career services and were more active in Greek life than students in most other colleges. Students in business, arts and sciences and professional disciplines also participated in the study and multiple significant differences were found.
Improving Student Behavior in Art Classrooms: An Exploratory Study of CW-FIT Tier 1
Authors: Nelson Melanie A. , Caldarella Paul , Hansen Blake D. , Graham Mark A. , Williams Leslie , Wills Howard P.
Published: March 2018

Disruptive student behavior, a common concern for teachers, presents particular challenges for those who teach art. Class-Wide Function-Related Intervention Teams (CW-FIT) is a multitiered intervention for implementing effective classroom management strategies aligned with schoolwide positive behavior interventions and supports. CW-FIT has proven effective in general education classrooms, with its emphasis on social skills instruction, teacher praise, group contingency, and positive reinforcement. This first study of CW-FIT implementation in elementary art classrooms examined its effects on student on-task behavior. The researchers used a single-subject (AB) design in one classroom and reversal designs (ABAB) in two classrooms. Results indicated student on-task behavior significantly improved, and the teacher was able to implement CW-FIT with fidelity as well as increase her praise-to-reprimand ratios. Both teacher and students found the intervention to be socially valid. Study implications and limitations are discussed.
‘Everyone's Deep Politics Began to Show’: Bursting the Acoustic Space of Herbert M. McLuhan
Authors: Sykes Geoffrey
Published: March 2018

This paper offers a strong critique of the ideas of Marshall McLuhan, commencing with his key notion of ‘acoustic space’. Inasmuch as his ideas have been taken up in popular and professional discourse, and can also be seen as representative of main, current positions in media and communication theory, critique of McLuhan's historical work and career has contemporary relevance, as well as significance in any history of media ideas. This paper systematically discounts the content of McLuhan's thought in its grammatical, cultural, political and psychological significance. Confirmation of the literary, political, classical and theological grounds of his media inquiry only serves to probleniatise and finally discount its overall appeal, especially compared with more recent phenomenological and semiotic approaches.
Rethinking ‘The Medium is the Message’: Agency and Technology in McLuhan's Writings
Authors: Balka Ellen
Published: March 2018

McLuhan's oft-cited maxim ‘the medium is the message’ is examined and it is argued that, although McLuhan can be read as a technological determinist, it is also possible to interpret ‘the medium is the message’ from within the context of a social constructivist understanding of technology, which sees society and technology as mutually shaping phenomena. Inherent to such a reading of McLuhan is an understanding of technology as the output of social processes, in which humans have agency. These themes are addressed through a review of scholarship that suggests that McLuhan is a technological determinist. an examination of McLuhan's work and those who challenge the dominant understanding of McLuhan as technological determinist. Previous research about the use of computer networks by women is used to illustrates how McLuhan can be read as a social constructivist. It is argued that communication scholarship might benefit from reliance on a broader understanding of technology and society that draws more heavily on insights gained form the social studies of technology.
Introduction: Normalising Media Regulation?
Authors: O'Regan Tom
Published: March 2018

Digitisation, international agreements, converging services, proliferating platforms and the prospects of additional services are all affecting the conduct of media regulation worldwide, transforming the ways media regulation is considered and debated by scholars, activists and players alike. In these circumstances, the range of institutions concerned with media regulation has expanded. Important policy innovations are just as likely to be recommended by the Productivity Commission in its inquiry into broadcasting regulation or the High Court in its decision to count New Zealand content as Australian content as they are to be made by relevant departments and authorities with carriage for broadcasting regulation. These new circumstances, which can also be seen in the various European Union directives affecting national broadcasting systems in Europe, can be viewed as part of a wider challenge to normalise media regulation. While normalisation of the media industries is by no means assured, what has happened is that the cultures within which media regulation is discussed and debated are changing profoundly.
European Media Regulation: The Increasing Importance of the Supranational
Authors: Field Heather
Published: March 2018

Media regulation in Europe is examined with respect to the increasing importance of the ‘supranational’ in the shape of the EU. This supranational influence is found to be increasingly important for the audiovisual sector, but to a much lesser extent for the print media. There have been two major ‘prongs' to policy at the supranational level. The first of these is the Television Without Frontiers directive which has established European content requirements, as yet on a voluntary basis in the EU itself, but as mandatory requirements for the applicant countries for membership in Central and Eastern Europe. The second is the MEDIA program of subsidisation for training, pre-production and other activities in the audiovisual sector. The policy area is one which has been strongly fought over between ‘protectionists' such as France, the European Commission and the European Parliament on one side, and the more market and trade-oriented United Kingdom, Germany and the Netherlands, as well as the United States export lobby, on the other. Protection of culture is put forward as a major justification for regulation and subsidisation of the audiovisual sector and industry, with enthusiasm for this diminishing from north to south but being strongest in France.
The End of the Press Subsidies ‘Experiment’ in Sweden?
Authors: Forde Susan
Published: March 2018

Debates about media ownership concentration have continued in Australia over the past half-century, and particularly in the last decade since Murdoch's News Ltd took over the Herald and Weekly Times group of newspapers in 1986–87. At the time, and at the subsequent 1991 Lee print media inquiry, the press subsidies system operating in Sweden received some attention from researchers and policy-makers alike as a possible solution to further increases in media ownership concentration in Australia. In light of recent inquiries into media ownership in Australia, particularly the Productivity Commission, it is now timely to consider Sweden's approach to media policy in the late 1990s. In particular, this paper will focus on the 1999 report by the Media Concentration Group in Sweden, which examined issues such as the future of print and broadcast legislation, and the impact of convergence on media policy. As Sweden — and indeed the Scandinavian region — has long held one of the most diverse media ownership environments in the Western world, their future policy directions may provide some options for Australian media policy researchers and policy-makers.