bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of Hemoglobin D in Tharu Community of Banke, Nepal
Authors: Gupta Sharmila , Kapoor A. K.
Published: June 2017

Background: Patients presenting with microcytic anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, abnormal hemoglobin level in electrophoresis and negative sickling test should have high suspicion for HbD disease. This occurrence is more in certain communities. While investigating the etiopathogenesis of subjects with microcytic anemia (n=30), we came across 3 patients with HbD disease.Aim: Present study describes the clinical and hematological findings of 3 patients.Material and Methods: This was an observational study conducted between August, 2014 to July, 2015 in Department of Pathology of Nepalgunj Medical College. Of 30 patients diagnosed as microcytic anemia, 3 patients were selected.Results : The patients belonged to Tharu Chaudhary community of Banke district of Nepal. Age of the patients ranged from 8 to 13 years. All the patients had generalized pallor. Two of 3 patients had fever, joint pains and jaundice. One of the patients had hepatosplenomegaly. Total hemoglobin ranged from 7.1 to 8.4 gm/dl. Patients had microcytic anemia. Sickling test was negative in all the 3 patients. Hemoglobin (Hb) electrophoresis revealed peaks in HbS region. Due to negativity of sickling test, the abnormal hemoglobin peak was interpreted as HbD. Thus, 2 patients had homozygous HbD disease while another patient had heterozygous HbD trait.JNGMC Vol. 14 No. 1 July 2016
Maternal and Foetal outcome in Cholestasis of Pregnancy
Authors: Sinha Kavita , Pandey Subhash , Das C. R.
Published: June 2017

Background: Obstetric cholestasis has been associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery, intrapartum meconium, foetal distress and intrauterine foetal death.Objectives: To know the perinatal outcome of cholestasis in pregnancy.Materials & Methods: This is a hospital based Observational study conducted in the department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology at Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital Kohalpur between August 2015 to January 2016.A total of 40 patients were included in the study with diagnosis of obstetric cholestasis. Data were recorded & analysed.Results: The study group of 40 mothers delivered 40 new born. Mean age group of women in the study was 24.9±5.5 years & 70% were primigravida. The mean gestational age at onset of pruritus was 30.33±4.24 weeks. The rate of caesarean section was 40%. Premature membrane rupture noted in 20% cases while 17.5% were postpartum haemorrhage. Regarding foetal outcome; meconium baby 32.5%, Intrapartum foetal distress 17.5%, preterm baby 10% while 37.5% were complication free. There was 2.5% of intrauterine foetal death, where pregnancy continued beyond 38 weeks. Thirteen new borns (32.5%) were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit.Conclusion: Cholestasis in pregnancy is high risk group with adverse perinatal outcomes.JNGMC Vol. 14 No. 1 July 2016, page: 32-35
Vibratory Compaction of Base Course Aggregates
Authors: Karan Pritesh , Larkin Tam , Wilson Douglas James
Published: June 2017

The focus of this paper is on laboratory compaction of unbound granular base course material for road pavement construction. The primary variables evaluated in this research were particle size distribution and dry density. This research addresses the applicability of current laboratory compaction techniques and outlines the changes needed to minimize the gap between laboratory and field compaction. The target density achieved in laboratory studies with the New Zealand standard test methodology, which is then used to target field compaction levels, is often too high to realistically achieve in the field. It was found that there is a ratio of maximum aggregate average least dimension (ALD) to specimen diameter and specimen height that must be adhered to when using laboratory testing as a means to evaluate, design, or construct pavement base course layers. In addition, the power input of laboratory vibratory hammers used for compaction must be controlled to minimize aggregate degradation, especially for test molds that do not satisfy the minimum diameter to ALD ratio. The ultimate goal of laboratory compaction should be to accurately simulate field compaction and provide realistic targets that can be achieved in the field. If unrealistic field compaction density targets are specified, then overcompaction can occur and cause aggregate breakdown. The research concluded that changes are required for test standards to better reflect field conditions, such as less lateral constraint, and better reflect achievable target field densities.
Chemometrics assisted method for classification of mango juice by FTIR spectroscopic data
Authors: Uddin MN , Majumder AK , Ahamed S , Saha BK , Mumtaz B
Published: June 2017

Commercial mango juices are adulterated with heavy use of simple sugars in Bangladesh which poses a serious threat to public health. The present study is aimed to develop chemometrics assisted method for classification of commercial mango juices as adulterated or not with excessive use of glucose, fructose and sucrose with FTIR spectral data. Two statistical techniques, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) have been assessed for their efficiencies in classification in this regard. Before calibration, spectral data were preprocessed with de-noising techniques, Savitzky-Golay (S-G) filtering. Concentration of simple sugars were classified as within or over certain limits. Here spectral values of 64 synthetic mixture solutions are used as training data to develop models and 15 spectral data of real mango juice are used as test data. PLS-DA shows better classification performance over lowercase ANN. From the findings, we develop a method for classification of mango juices adulterated with heavy use of simple sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose). Therefore, it is a simple and cheap method to classify mango juices as adulterated or safe for consumers, manufacturers and quality regulating authorities.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(2), 73-80, 2017
Effects of feeding zooplankton, Moina macrocopa (Straus, 1820) on the growth of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L.
Authors: Islam MR , Hassan MR , Begum M , Punom NJ , Begum MK , Sultana N , Rahman MS
Published: June 2017

Studies were carried out on the growth performance of Tilapia fry, Oreochromis niloticus cultured with zooplankton, Moina macrocopa in comparison to commercial feed. Three types of feed were used in three treatments where treatment-1 was fed with handmade feed (control), treatment-2 with commercial feed and treatment-3 with live zooplankton M. macrocopa. Thirty fry were stocked in each 60 L aquarium for a rearing period of 56 days. The fishes were fed twice a day at 90-400 Moina/individual fish for first 20 days, then 500-850 Moina/individual fish for 15 days and 900-1250 Moina/individual fish for remaining days. Sampling was done at 14 days interval. The growth performance of M. macrocopa was higher in the treatment fed with Spirulina which was 6350 individuals/ L of water and in the treatment fed with yeast it was 5100 individuals/L of water at 12th days. The study showed that condition factor of tilapia fry found in treatment-3 fed with M. macrocopa was comparatively higher (2.18±0.09) than that of treatment-2 fed with commercial feed (1.86±0.13) at a 56-day culture period. Average daily gain was significantly higher in the treatment-3 fed with M. macrocopa (0.13±0.01) than those of treatment-1 (0.06±0.01) and treatment-2 (0.08±0.01). The best value of feed conversion ratio and specific growth rate was found in treatment-3 fed with M. macrocopa than commercial feed and handmade feed. Protein content was significantly higher (15.91%) in treatment-3 than those of treatment-1 (10.96%) and treatment-2 (11.88%). The findings of this study suggest that growth parameters and body composition of Nile Tilapia was better in treatment-3 fed with M. macrocopa.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(2), 81-88, 2017
Synthesis and characterization of mixed ligand catecholato-bis (diamine-mono-dithiocarbamato) vanadium (IV) complexes
Authors: Begum B , Sarker A , Rahman AKM Lutfor , Bhoumik NC
Published: June 2017

Diamine-mono-dithiocarbamates are mono-basic bidentate ligand forming stable complexes with transition metals. Mixed ligand catecholato-bis (diamine-mono-dithiocarbamato) vanadium (IV) complexes were synthesized and characterized using FT-IR, UV-visible and 1H-NMR spectroscopic techniques. The formation of vanadium complexes was con?rmed by the disappearance of ?S-H band in the complexes which was present in the ligands and incidence of ?V-S and ?V-O band in FT-IR spectra of the complexes. The mono-dithiocarbamate with one uncoordinated ?NH/NH2 group was indicated by the presence of ?N-H vibrational band in both the ligands and complexes. In the 1H-NMR spectra, the peak for SH proton of ligands disappeared in the complexes suggest the formation of [VL2Cat] complex. Non-electrolytic nature of the synthesized complexes was established by their low molar conductance values. The +4 oxidation state of vanadium was con?rmed by the electronic spectra of the complexes. On the basis of all physico-chemical data, a six-coordinated octahedral structure has been suggested for catecholato-bis (diamine-mono-dithiocarbamato) vanadium (IV) complexes.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(2), 89-96, 2017
Ecology and abundance of Bellamya bengalensis (Lamarck, 1822) (Gastropoda:Viviparidae) in pond habitats of Rajshahi
Authors: Saha BK , Jahan MS , Hossain MA
Published: June 2017

Studies on the ecology and abundance of Bellamya bengalensis (Lamarck, 1822) was carried out in Rajshahi University Campus in pond habitat. The physico-chemical parameters viz. water temperature (27.6 ± 4.23 °C in 1995 and 27.4 ± 4.43 °C in 1996), water transparency (0.41± 0.03 cm in 1995 and 0.42 ± 0.04 cm in1996), sunshine (6.22 ± 1.98 hours in 1995 and 7.41 ± 1.56 hours in 1996), pH (7.78 ± 0.38 in 1995 and 7.84 ± 0.27 in 1996), DO (4.92 ± 0.75 mg/l in 1995 and 5.73 ± 1.5 mg/l in 1996) and CO2 (5.45 ± 2.06 mg/l in 1995 and 4.04 ± 1.34 mg/l in 1996) of different ponds were recorded.The physico-chemical parameters viz. water temperature (25.82 ± 4.87 °C in 1995 and 25.96 ± 5.4 °C in 1996), water transparency (0.37 ± 0.02 cm in 1995 and 0.4 ± 0.03 cm in 1996), pH (7.78 ± 0.08 in 1995 and 7.8 ± 0.12 in 1996), DO (3.1 ± 0.06 mg/l in 1995 and 2.86 ± 0.31mg/l in 1996) and CO2 (14.6 ± 0.76 mg/l in 1995 and 13.54 ± 1.53 mg/l in 1996) of ditches were recorded. The physico-chemical parameters viz. water temperature (30.18 ± 1.21 °C in 1995 and 30.07 ± 1.21 °C in 1996), pH (7.93 ± 0.3 in 1995 and 7.98 ± 0.3 in 1996), DO (4.93 ± 0.12 mg/l in 1995 and 4.97 ± 0.13 mg/l in 1996) and CO2 (5.63 ± 1.74 mg/l in 1995 and 5.57 ± 1.78 mg/l in 1996) of irrigated paddy field were determined. The rainfall was recorded as 123.36 ± 127.27 cm and 105.75 ± 111.11 cm during 1995 and 1996, respectively. Thirty five spp. of hydrophytes were identified. The minimum and maximum abundances per m2 were determined as 124.58 ± 58.93 and 133.33 ± 60.84 during the observation periods of 1995 and 1996, respectively.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(2), 107-114, 2017
Effects of stocking density on growth of zebrafish (Danio rerio, Hamilton, 1822)
Authors: Rabbane Md Golam , Rahman Md Mizanur , Rahman Md Mizanur , Hossain Md Anwar , Hossain Md Anwar
Published: June 2017

The effect of stocking density on growth of zebra fish was examined. Total five different stocking densities (5, 15, 25, 35 and 45 individuals per 2 liters of water) were maintained in triplicate for a period of 60 days. One month old zebrafish were randomly stocked into 15 tanks and fish were fed with commercial diet. The mean weight gain, specific growth rate and length gain for treatment 1 (5 fish/2liter) and treatment 2 (15 fish/2 liter) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than treatment 3 (25 fish/2 liter), treatment 4 (35 fish/2 liter) and treatment 5 (45 fish/2 liter). The gender weight gain, survival rate and condition factor did not show any significant (p > 0.05) difference among treatments. The result of this study suggests that the stocking density of zebrafish could be 15 fish per 2 litre of water in a laboratory system with aeration.Bangladesh J. Zool. 44(2): 209-218, 2016
Soil transmitted Helminth infestation in diarrhoeal and non-diarrhoeal children in Mirpur slum area of Dhaka city
Authors: Mukutmoni Mandira , Khanum Hamida
Published: June 2017

Fecal samples (total 707; 290 asymptomatic and 417 symptomatic) were collected during June 2014 to May 2015 from 145 children of Mirpur slum area. In diarrhoeal children, the average prevalence was the topmost for Trichuris trichiura (24.16%); peak among the children aged nine to ten months (38.81%); following Ascaris lumbricoides (7.44%). Overall soil transmitted helminth (STH) infestation was the highest (10.5%) in October, 2014 (non-diarrhoeal) and in diarrhoeal children, it was the highest (14.45%) in April, 2015. Mixed infection was less frequent (23.62%). The STH infestation was significant (p < 0.05) among the discontinuously breast-fed children (96.23%), the children of illiterate mothers (85.19%), living in poor housing (88.46%), having diarrhoea in the family members (84.78%) and among the children who experienced highest frequency (7 to 9 times in a year) of diarrhoea. Efficacy of pentaplex PCR-Luminex assay was evaluated for the simultaneous detection of STH compared to direct microscopy which showed less sensitivity (0 - 11.11%) than PCR-Luminex.Bangladesh J. Zool. 44(2): 219-228, 2016
Oral Azithromycin Pulse Therapy and Daily Topical Adapalene in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: An Open Randomized Noncomparative Study
Authors: Chowdhury Mohammod Abu Hena , Mamun Shameem Al , Uddin Mohammad Jamal , Md Khan Rashed , Hoque M Mujibul , Sikder Md Akramullah
Published: June 2017

The safety and efficacy of oral azithromycin and topical adapalene are well documented. In this study, concomitant use of oral azithromycin pulse therapy and daily topical adapalene in the treatment of acne vulgaris is assessed. A total of 37 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Azithromycin, 500 mg orally once daily first 3 days of 10 days' cycle for 9 cycle & topical Adapalene (0.5%) at night. Patients evaluated at 4 weeks' interval by using Michaelsson acne severity index. The overall assessment was made by percent reduction of acne lesions and severity score. At the end of 12 weeks' treatment 99.8% of comedones, 98.7% papular lesion, 94.3% pustular lesion and 88.8% infiltrated lesion were cleared. Only 2.9% cystic lesion responded to the regimens. Percent reduction of Michaelsson acne severity index was 87%, which was statistically highly significant. Overall assessment revealed acne lesion cleared in 22% cases, excellent improvement observed in 65% and 13% showed good response. Adverse effect was minimal. So, azithromycin pulse therapy and topical adapalene is indeed effective and safe in the treatment of acne vulgaris.Medicine Today 2016 Vol.28(2): 52-56
Comparative Study of Topical Oxiconazole Cream (1%) Versus Ketoconazole Cream (2%) in the Treatment of Inguinocrural Dermatophytoses
Authors: Afroz Farzana , Shahidullah Md , Alam Mohd Nurul , Afreen Humaira , Sultana Tahmina , Shahriar Rajib
Published: June 2017

A clinical trial was carried out for the duration of six months from September' 2012 to February' 2013 in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College, Uttara Dhaka and patients attending private clinical chamber. To evaluate the effectiveness of oxiconazole cream in comparison to the ketoconazole cream for the treatment of inguinocrural dermatophytoses.A total number of 60 patients with inguinocrural dermatophytoses were included in the study of which 30 patients were treated with oxiconazole (Group A) and the rest 30 patients were treated with ketoconazole (Group B)once daily for 21 days and weekly the outcome of lesions were clinically evaluated and recorded.In group A, male and female were 17 (56.7%) cases and 13 (43.3%) cases respectively. In group B, male and female were 16 (53.3%) cases and 14 (46.7%) cases respectively.The mean age with SD in group A and group B were 28.93 ± 8.29 years and 31.36 ± 8.36 years respectively. The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 6.26 ± 2.22 minutes and 6.53 ± 1.81 minutes respectively at the time of observation and 4.23 ± 1.50 minutes and 5.13 ± 1.45 minutes respectively after 1 week and 2.00 ± 1.22 minutes and 3.25 ± 1.07 minutes respectively after 2 weeks. The difference between the mean score of the two group is significant (p=0.006). The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 0.00 ± 0.00 minutes and 1.75 ± 0.95 respectively after 3 weeks.Sotopical treatment oxiconazole has revealed itself to be as efficient as ketoconazole and it seems more effective and better tolerated than ketoconazole.Medicine Today 2016 Vol.28(2): 57-61
Clinical Study of 100cases of Caesarean Section in Tairunnessa Memorial Medical College & Hospital. Gazipur
Authors: Begum Rowshan Ara , Sultana Naireen , Sultana Nahid , Begum Amena , Hossain Mohammad Emran , Begum Sudhira
Published: June 2017

To find out the common indications of caesarean section and complications of this operation, both for mother and baby. This observational study was carried out on 100 cases of caesarean sections, who were operated in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Tairunnessa Memorial Medical College & Hospital. Previous caesarean section and oligohydroamnios with fetal distress contribute the major causes of caesarean section. Contribute the major causes of caesarean section. Common complications are UTI, wound infection. Indications of caesarean section should be properly identified to decrease the unnecessary operation, which ultimately decrease indication of previous caesarean section. Maintenance of proper asepsis would avoid the complications of this operation.Medicine Today 2016 Vol.28(2): 66-68
Environment, Globalization and Culture
Authors: Chakraborty Sreetama
Published: June 2017

Abstract not availablePhilosophy and Progress, Vol#57-58; No#1-2; Jan-Dec 2015
A Photometric Study of the Outer Halo Globular Cluster NGC 5824
Authors: Walker A. R. , Andreuzzi G. , Martínez-Vázquez C. E. , Kunder A. M. , Stetson P. B. , Cassisi S. , Monelli M. , Bono G. , Dall’Ora M , Vivas A. K.
Published: June 2017

Multi-wavelength CCD photometry over 21 years has been used to produce deep color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) together with light curves for the variables in the Galactic globular cluster NGC 5824. Twenty-one new cluster RR Lyrae stars are identified, bringing the total to 47, of which 42 have reliable periods determined for the first time. The CMD is matched using BaSTI isochrones with ages of 13 Gyr, and reddening is found to be

using the period–Wesenheit relation in two colors, the distance modulus is

corresponding to a distance of 30.9 Kpc. The observations show no signs of populations that are significantly younger than the 13 Gyr stars. The width of the red giant branch does not allow for a spread in

greater than

, and there is no photometric evidence for widened or parallel sequences. The

pseudo-CMD shows a bifurcation of the red giant branch that by analogy with other clusters is interpreted as being due to differing spectral signatures of the first (75%) and second (25%) generations of stars whose age difference is close enough that main-sequence (MS) turnoffs in the CMD are unresolved. The cluster MS is visible against the background out to a radial distance of ∼17 arcmin. We conclude that NGC 5824 appears to be a classical Oosterhoff Type II globular cluster, without overt signs of being a remnant of a now-disrupted dwarf galaxy.
An Alternative Explanation of the Varying Boron-to-carbon Ratio in Galactic Cosmic Rays
Authors: Eichler David
Published: June 2017

It is suggested that the decline with energy of the boron-to-carbon abundance ratio in Galactic cosmic rays is due, in part, to a correlation between the maximum energy attainable by shock acceleration in a given region of the Galactic disk and the grammage traversed before escape. In this case the energy dependence of the escape rate from the Galaxy may be less than previously thought and the spectrum of antiprotons becomes easier to understand.
Evidence for Different Disk Mass Distributions between Early- and Late-type Be Stars in the BeSOS Survey
Authors: Arcos C. , Jones C. E. , Sigut T. A. A. , Kanaan S. , Curé M.
Published: June 2017

The circumstellar disk density distributions for a sample of 63 Be southern stars from the BeSOS survey were found by modeling their Hα emission line profiles. These disk densities were used to compute disk masses and disk angular momenta for the sample. Average values for the disk mass are 3.4 × 10−9 and 9.5 × 10−10
M
⋆ for early (B0–B3) and late (B4–B9) spectral types, respectively. We also find that the range of disk angular momentum relative to the star is (150–200)J
⋆/M
⋆ and (100–150)J
⋆/M
⋆, again for early- and late-type Be stars, respectively. The distributions of the disk mass and disk angular momentum are different between early- and late-type Be stars at a 1% level of significance. Finally, we construct the disk mass distribution for the BeSOS sample as a function of spectral type and compare it to the predictions of stellar evolutionary models with rapid rotation. The observed disk masses are typically larger than the theoretical predictions, although the observed spread in disk masses is typically large.
Polarization Characteristics of Zebra Patterns in Type IV Solar Radio Bursts
Authors: Kaneda K. , Misawa H. , Iwai K. , Tsuchiya F. , Obara T. , Katoh Y. , Masuda S.
Published: June 2017

The polarization characteristics of zebra patterns (ZPs) in type IV solar bursts were studied. We analyzed 21 ZP events observed by the Assembly of Metric-band Aperture Telescope and Real-time Analysis System between 2010 and 2015 and identified the following characteristics: a degree of circular polarization (DCP) in the range of 0%–70%, a temporal delay of 0–70 ms between the two circularly polarized components (i.e., the right- and left-handed components), and dominant ordinary-mode emission in about 81% of the events. For most events, the relation between the dominant and delayed components could be interpreted in the framework of fundamental plasma emission and depolarization during propagation, though the values of DCP and delay were distributed across wide ranges. Furthermore, it was found that the DCP and delay were positively correlated (rank correlation coefficient R = 0.62). As a possible interpretation of this relationship, we considered a model based on depolarization due to reflections at sharp density boundaries assuming fundamental plasma emission. The model calculations of depolarization including multiple reflections and group delay during propagation in the inhomogeneous corona showed that the DCP and delay decreased as the number of reflections increased, which is consistent with the observational results. The dispersive polarization characteristics could be explained by the different numbers of reflections causing depolarization.
An Advanced N-body Model for Interacting Multiple Stellar Systems
Authors: Brož Miroslav
Published: June 2017

We construct an advanced model for interacting multiple stellar systems in which we compute all trajectories with a numerical N-body integrator, namely the Bulirsch–Stoer from the SWIFT package. We can then derive various observables: astrometric positions, radial velocities, minima timings (TTVs), eclipse durations, interferometric visibilities, closure phases, synthetic spectra, spectral energy distribution, and even complete light curves. We use a modified version of the Wilson–Devinney code for the latter, in which the instantaneous true phase and inclination of the eclipsing binary are governed by the N-body integration. If all of these types of observations are at one’s disposal, a joint χ
2 metric and an optimization algorithm (a simplex or simulated annealing) allow one to search for a global minimum and construct very robust models of stellar systems. At the same time, our N-body model is free from artifacts that may arise if mutual gravitational interactions among all components are not self-consistently accounted for. Finally, we present a number of examples showing dynamical effects that can be studied with our code and we discuss how systematic errors may affect the results (and how to prevent this from happening).
Diversité limitée. Jeunesses populaires et éducation à la citoyenneté dans les quartiers de la « Politique de la ville »
Authors: Bordiec Sylvain
Published: June 2017

Cet article est fondé sur les apports d’une enquête sociologique menée dans un quartier parisien intégré à la géographie prioritaire de la Politique de la ville. Les opérations d’éducation à la citoyenneté mises en œuvre dans ce contexte révèlent que celui-ci constitue à la fois, pour la jeunesse locale, une force de reconnaissance et une force de dénégation de « sa » diversité. Les interactions à l’œuvre lors de ces opérations entre participants et publics associatifs, élus et policiers sont observées. Ces observations montrent que la présente contradiction est liée à la coexistence de la diversité en tant qu’ensemble de caractéristiques et de pratiques sociales différenciées confirmées et renforcées par les associations – la « diversité sociale » – et de la diversité comme thématique politique mobilisée et mise en forme par les autorités locales – la « diversité politique ». Sur la base du lieu de résidence et de la couleur de peau, la « diversité politique » assigne ces jeunes des classes populaires à une unité « négative ».
L’ASEAN en quête d’une identité régionale
Authors: Roche Yann
Published: June 2017

L’ASEAN réunit des États et des populations disparates. Cette diversité rend l’émergence d’une identité commune difficile. La difficulté est d’autant plus grande que l’ASEAN est souvent perçue comme une structure élitiste, dont les activités ne profitent guère aux classes moyennes et inférieures. Toutefois, les dirigeants de la région sont conscients de ces problèmes et souhaitent y remédier par des actions concrètes. Ces actions semblent produire des résultats, en particulier auprès des jeunes.
Les mouvements d’occupation : agir, protester, critiquer
Authors: Dechezelles Stéphanie , Olive Maurice
Published: June 2017

L’article s’intéresse aux occupations de lieux, qu’il s’efforce de réinscrire dans l’historicité idéologique des modes d’action contestataires, dans la variabilité des significations que leur attribuent les individus et les collectifs – eux-mêmes hétérogènes – qui s’y engagent, et surtout dans la matérialité des pratiques qui s’y déploient. Croisée à l’examen des trajectoires sociales des acteurs, l’attention ethnographique portée aux gestes accomplis dans le quotidien réinventé des lieux occupés permet de mettre à nu l’importance des mécanismes de déclassement social, d’expérience de la marge ou d’exposition à la violence dans la compréhension des processus d’entrée en occupation, particulièrement pour les acteurs sans passé militant. En permettant la reconversion d’une expérience intime de la souffrance et de l’injustice en ressource militante, l’engagement dans un régime d’action occupationnel, à la fois radical et familier, offre un espace de reconnaissance collective où s’explorent les voies d’une citoyenneté vécue comme accomplie, car indexée à un agir politique.
Occuper son usine et produire : stratégie de lutte ou de survie ?
Authors: Gourgues Guillaume
Published: June 2017

Les occupations productives de lieux de travail, et notamment d’usines, menées par les travailleurs, forment-elles la voie d’une alternative commune au capitalisme ? Pour alimenter les débats soulevés actuellement par cette question, cet article propose une monographie historique des occupations de l’usine horlogère Lip, située à Besançon, entre 1973 et 1977. En revenant sur l’évolution des pratiques d’occupation durant ce conflit « mythique », via un traitement longitudinal des archives, notre ambition est d’insister sur la difficulté des travailleurs à fixer le sens politique de la reprise de la production dans l’usine occupée. Constamment tiraillés entre lutte et survie, les travailleurs et leurs responsables syndicaux tâtonnent et réinventent en permanence les règles concrètes et quotidiennes de l’occupation. Lip peut, en cela, être considéré comme autre chose qu’un exemple emblématique de « l’après 68 » du mouvement ouvrier français, et interroger la trajectoire politique des expériences actuelles d’occupation et de récupération des lieux et outils de travail.
Se réapproprier un village abandonné en Galilée : une « prise » territoriale comme forme de contestation
Authors: Bulle Sylvaine
Published: June 2017

L’article examine la réappropriation d’un village abandonné, en Haute-Galilée (Nord d’Israël), depuis 2013, par un collectif de jeunes Israéliens arabes issus de la troisième génération de réfugiés palestiniens. Cette action collective, irrégulière, relève d’une forme d’activisme d’un nouveau type consistant à occuper discrètement des lieux contestés, comme un village détruit depuis la guerre de 1948, sans véritablement atteindre ni attendre une visibilité ou une visée politique de grande portée et propre à la cause palestinienne. Il s’agit là d’un agir contestataire , qui consiste à se replier sur un territoire originel et à marquer ainsi une forme de rupture avec l’État israélien. Trois aspects sont traités ici. Le premier concerne le ressentiment de jeunes Palestiniens à l’égard du cadre politique national, qui déclenche l’occupation discrète d’un village qualifiée de « prise » territoriale. Le second concerne le langage de cette occupation, analysée pragmatiquement à partir d’un milieu de vie reconstruit. Enfin, la portée politique de l’action collective de réappropriation d’un territoire est interrogée, dans la mesure où elle relève de la mise à l’épreuve de l’État d’Israël, au regard non seulement d’une dénonciation du modèle national, mais aussi dans le but de s’en détacher.
« C’est uniquement social ». Sur la production d’un dualisme social/psychiatrique en sciences sociales et dans le travail ordinaire de la psychiatrie
Authors: Borelle Céline
Published: June 2017

Un grand nombre de travaux sur la psychiatrie partagent un même présupposé méthodologique et théorique : le fait de montrer que la réalité de la maladie mentale – de sa qualification et de son traitement – est aussi sociale, c’est toujours remettre en cause la construction de son objet par la psychiatrie. Et s’intéresser à l’une des dimensions de cette réalité, psychiatrique ou sociale, revient forcément à négliger l’autre. L’établissement d’un tel rapport d’exclusion respective entre le social et le psychiatrique induit une approche « dualiste » : la mission des sciences sociales consiste à opérer une distinction entre ce que la psychiatrie déclare faire – identifier et traiter des problèmes psychiatriques – et ce qu’elle fait effectivement – exercer un contrôle social, normaliser les déviances, moraliser une classe sociale ou encore servir d’instrument de pouvoir sur l’institution scolaire. Dans cet article, on propose de prendre de la distance par rapport à ces approches dualistes en remettant en cause le rapport d’exclusivité entre social et psychiatrique, de même que le rapport de concurrence entre sciences sociales et psychiatrie qu’il induit. Cette remise en cause se fonde sur une approche qui privilégie les tensions internes à l’activité comme point d’entrée dans l’étude de la psychiatrie. On s’attache à décrire un type de tension spécifique : la tension ontologique, c’est-à-dire la manière dont les professionnels répondent, en pratiques et en situation, à la question de l’indétermination ontologique des problèmes auxquels ils sont confrontés. Il s’agit de saisir la tension ontologique entre psychiatrique et social qui est en jeu dans les pratiques de diagnostic et de traitement des comportements et individus problématiques. On entend montrer que la question de l’ontologie du problème, plus précisément le problème ontologique de la frontière entre psychiatrique et social, se pose aux professionnels de la psychiatrie eux-mêmes et que cette question, cadrée par des professions institutionnalisées, engage des enjeux cruciaux de division concrète du travail et de partage de la responsabilité d’une situation.
Health and Functional Literacy in Physical Rehabilitation Patients
Authors: Hahn Elizabeth A. , Magasi Susan R. , Carlozzi Noelle E. , Tulsky David S. , Wong Alex , Garcia Sofia F. , Lai Jin-Shei , Hammel Joy , Miskovic Ana , Jerousek Sara , Goldsmith Arielle , Nitsch Kristian , Heinemann Allen W.
Published: June 2017

Background:

People with disabilities, who face multiple barriers to care, experience health disparities, yet few studies have measured health literacy in this population.

Objective:

This study evaluated functional literacy, health literacy, fluid cognitive function, and self-reported health in people who live in community dwellings with spinal cord injury, stroke, or traumatic brain injury.

Methods:

Participants with a traumatic spinal cord injury, stroke, or traumatic brain injury, one-year postinjury, and age 18 to 85 years, completed a battery of instruments at three medical centers in the Midwestern U.S.: functional literacy (word recognition, vocabulary knowledge), health literacy (comprehension of prose, document, and quantitative health information), fluid cognitive function (memory, executive function, and processing speed), and patient-reported outcomes (mobility, fatigue, sadness, anxiety, social function, and overall health).

Key Results:

There were strong correlations between functional literacy, health literacy, and fluid cognitive function. After adjustment for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, higher health literacy was associated with better mobility, less anxiety, and better overall health; higher functional literacy was associated with less anxiety and better overall health; and higher fluid cognitive function was associated with better mobility, less sadness, better social function, and better overall health.

Conclusions:

To effectively address limited health literacy among people with spinal cord injury, stroke, and traumatic brain injury, and ensure that they are able to be informed partners in their health care, intervention is required at the level of patients, providers, and health care delivery systems. A special consideration is to ensure that health information is both well-targeted to people's health literacy levels and accessible for people with a range of physical, cognitive, and sensory limitations. The multimedia self-administered health literacy measure used in this study could be useful to rehabilitation providers and designers of health information and interfaces.

[
Health Literacy Research and Practice.
2017;1(2):e71–e85.]

Plain Language Summary:

Health literacy represents people's abilities to obtain, understand, and use health information to make informed decisions about their health and health care. People with disabilities face physical, attitudinal, economic, and structural barriers to care. Consideration of health literacy in rehabilitation practice can enhance the effectiveness of the patient-clinician relationship and help address the needs of this population.
Molecular and morphological data resurrect the long neglected Carex laxula (Cyperaceae) and expand its range in the western Mediterranean
Authors: Benítez-Benítez Carmen , Míguez Mónica , Jiménez-Mejías Pedro , Martín-Bravo Santiago
Published: June 2017

Carex sylvatica subsp. paui is a poorly studied taxon considered endemic from a few places in the western Mediterranean. It has been frequently misidentified as C. sylvatica subsp. sylvatica. To date, it has been reported only from the NE Iberian Peninsula and the NW Africa. We use molecular —nuclear ribosomal and plastid sequences— and morphological data to shed light on the taxonomic circumscription and distribution of this taxon, especially regarding its distinction from the type subspecies. The genetic data support the recognition of C. sylvatica subsp. paui as an independent taxon, and confirm new records from the Balearic and Tuscan archipelagos. It implies a considerable increase in its range and a new taxon for the Italian flora. Strikingly, the morphometric analyses revealed that the Sicilian type specimen ofC. laxula identifies this species with C. sylvatica subsp. paui. We consider that the taxon should be ranked at the species level. Based on the priority of the name C. laxula over C. paui, we subsume C. sylvatica subsp. paui in C. laxula. We also provide notes on the ecology of the species.
Evaluación experimental y análisis de la mejora con aislamiento para el caso del puente térmico en el frente de forjado
Authors: Arias Jiménez N. , Bobadilla Moreno A.
Published: June 2017

El presente artículo plantea su problemática a partir de la necesidad del mejoramiento de la calidad térmica de la envolvente en el complejo de muros, específicamente en hormigón armado (material predominante para edificación en altura en Chile). Considerar la opción de aislación por la cara interior del muro produce, como consecuencia, la interrupción del material aislante en el encuentro del forjado y los muros perimetrales, generando el puente térmico conocido como frente de forjado. Ante esto se propone conocer el impacto de dicho puente, evaluando su comportamiento como singularidad mediante ensayos experimentales (cámara térmica). Posteriormente los resultados se integrarán a un caso de estudio que permita establecer la influencia del puente en el comportamiento energético global de una edificación a través de simulaciones térmicas con el software Tas. Finalmente se concluye una baja incidencia en las pérdidas de calor interior, tomando relevancia el comportamiento de las temperaturas superficiales.
Análisis bayesiano de factores de riesgo de accidente en trabajos de movimientos de tierras
Authors: García J. F. , Martín J. E. , Gerassis S. , Saavedra A. , Taboada García J.
Published: June 2017

En este trabajo se analizan características de distintas obras en las que se ejecutaban trabajos de movimiento de tierras y tuvo lugar un accidente. Aplicando redes bayesianas se identifican los factores de mayor potencial predictivo de las situaciones de riesgo analizadas. Posteriormente se realizan estudios de inferencia para analizar la interrelación entre los distintos factores. Con todo esto se demuestra que las redes bayesianas pueden ser herramientas muy potentes en la descripción general de contextos de obra, y de gran capacidad predictiva dentro de la planificación de obras desde la perspectiva seguridad-producción.
«La ballena vuelve al museo»; proceso de diseño y cálculo de una estructura ligera
Authors: Costales Calvo I.
Published: June 2017

El texto describe el proceso de diseño y cálculo de una estructura metálica ligera que soporta otra estructura aún más ligera: el esqueleto de una ballena. Una pieza que ha sido conservada durante más de 150 años. Se encuentra suspendida de otra estructura metálica bidireccional y singular, que resuelve grandes luces: el techo del edificio Fòrum 2004 de Barcelona. Para encontrar la solución más adecuada se ha utilizado un programa de cálculo no lineal. Gracias a un diseño eficiente y a un exhaustivo análisis se ha conseguido que la estructura principal trabaje a tracción, eliminando la posibilidad de pandeo, reduciendo así la sección resultante a la necesaria para trabajar a flexo-tracción, por lo que la estructura ha podido quedar oculta dentro del esqueleto. Durante la fase de diseño se hicieron propuestas adecuadas para poder transportar las piezas y soldarlas o ensamblarlas fácilmente. Finalmente se describe la puesta en obra de la estructura, que se realizó en un fin de semana, para poder sostener a uno de los iconos más queridos por los niños de Barcelona: «La balena Brava».
Poliéster armado con fibra de vidrio en la obra de Tous y Fargas
Authors: Hernández Falagán D.
Published: June 2017

Los arquitectos Enric Tous (1925; t. 1952) y Josep Maria Fargas (1926-2011; t. 1952) alcanzaron un éxito notable durante las décadas de 1960 y 1970 gracias a su trabajo comprometido con la experimentación técnica y la exploración de nuevos sistemas constructivos. Entre sus aportaciones más significativas destaca la incorporación del poliéster armado con fibra de vidrio como material aplicado a soluciones de cerramientos ligeros. Este artículo rastrea el origen, contexto y resultados que obtuvieron con este material.

Se propone un acercamiento al material GRC a través de la experiencia desarrollada por los arquitectos, analizando las características e implicaciones específicas de los sistemas propuestos en sus proyectos. A través de esta lectura se pone en valor la iniciativa industrial puesta en práctica por Tous y Fargas, detectándose los aspectos clave que limitaron la progresión del sistema constructivo.
Two Unknown Letters from the Kartini Family to M.J. de Goeje
Authors: Kaptein Nico J.G.
Published: June 2017

The present article presents the English translation of two unknown Dutch letters from Sosro Kartono and Roekmini, the older brother and half-sister of the famous Kartini, to the Leiden Professor of Arabic M.J. de Goeje. The letters testify to the state of shock in which the family was after the untimely death of Kartini on 17 September 1904 and the passing of her father and head of the family, Raden Mas Adipati Ario Sosroningrat, on 16 January 1905. Moreover, both letters shed more light on Kartono’s study sojourn in Leiden.
Continuités et transitions de la Reformasi indonésienne : l’actualité politique de Banten à l’issue des élections provinciales de 2017
Authors: Facal Gabriel
Published: June 2017

La région indonésienne de Banten est marquée depuis une quarantaine d’années par la captation monopolistique des ressources politiques et économiques exercée par la famille de l’oligarque Chasan Sochib. À partir de la période de démocratisation et de décentralisation nationales initiée en 1998, les réseaux clientélaires développés par cette famille ont acquis une autonomie croissante vis-à vis du gouvernement central. En 2013, le décès de Sochib a précédé la condamnation pour corruption de sa fille aînée, la gouverneure Atut Chosiyah, puis de son fils cadet, Chaeri Wardana. Néanmoins, à l’issue des élections provinciales de 2017, les récentes évolutions politiques indiquent que les membres de la famille s’efforcent de réorienter leurs affiliations et leurs alliances. Cet article porte sur les compromis concédés par cette famille, les stratégies développées par les familles rivales et les arrangements tissés entre chacun pour opérer le partage du pouvoir régional.
Cimetières d’Aceh, Varia II
Authors: Kalus Ludvik , Guillot Claude
Published: June 2017

Dans cette avant-dernière série sont présentées les dernières inscriptions de Banda Aceh et celles d'Indrapuri.
Surface LAMP-2 Is an Endocytic Receptor That Diverts Antigen Internalized by Human Dendritic Cells into Highly Immunogenic Exosomes
Authors: Leone Dario Armando , Peschel Andrea , Brown Markus , Schachner Helga , Ball Miriam J. , Gyuraszova Marianna , Salzer-Muhar Ulrike , Fukuda Minoru , Vizzardelli Caterina , Bohle Barbara , Rees Andrew J. , Kain Renate
Published: June 2017

The lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP) family includes the dendritic cell endocytic receptors DC-LAMP and CD68, as well as LAMP-1 and LAMP-2. In this study we identify LAMP-1 (CD107a) and LAMP-2 (CD107b) on the surface of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDC) and show only LAMP-2 is internalized after ligation by specific Abs, including H4B4, and traffics rapidly but transiently to the MHC class II loading compartment, as does Ag conjugated to H4B4. However, pulsing MoDC with conjugates of primary (keyhole limpet hemocyanin; KLH) and recall (Bet v 1) Ags (H4B4*KLH and H4B4*Bet v 1) induced significantly less CD4 cell proliferation than pulsing with native Ag or Ag conjugated to control mAb (ISO*KLH and ISO*Bet v 1). In H4B4*KLH-pulsed MoDC, the duration of KLH residence in MHC class II loading compartments was significantly reduced, as were surface HLA-DR and DR-bound KLH-derived peptides. Paradoxically, MoDC pulsed with H4B4*KLH, but not the other KLH preparations, induced robust proliferation of CD4 cells separated from them by a transwell membrane, indicating factors in the supernatant were responsible. Furthermore, extracellular vesicles from supernatants of H4B4*KLH-pulsed MoDC contained significantly more HLA-DR and KLH than those purified from control MoDC, and KLH was concentrated specifically in exosomes that were a uniquely effective source of Ag in standard T cell proliferation assays. In summary, we identify LAMP-2 as an endocytic receptor on human MoDC that routes cargo into unusual Ag processing pathways, which reduces surface expression of Ag-derived peptides while selectively enriching Ag within immunogenic exosomes. This novel pathway has implications for the initiation of immune responses both locally and at distant sites.
The Bile Acid Receptor GPBAR1 Regulates the M1/M2 Phenotype of Intestinal Macrophages and Activation of GPBAR1 Rescues Mice from Murine Colitis
Authors: Biagioli Michele , Carino Adriana , Cipriani Sabrina , Francisci Daniela , Marchianò Silvia , Scarpelli Paolo , Sorcini Daniele , Zampella Angela , Fiorucci Stefano
Published: June 2017

GPBAR1 (TGR5 or M-BAR) is a G protein–coupled receptor for secondary bile acids that is highly expressed in monocytes/macrophages. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of GPBAR1 in mediating leukocyte trafficking in chemically induced models of colitis and investigate the therapeutic potential of BAR501, a small molecule agonist for GPBAR1. These studies demonstrated that GPBAR1 gene ablation enhanced the recruitment of classically activated macrophages in the colonic lamina propria and worsened the severity of inflammation. In contrast, GPBAR1 activation by BAR501 reversed intestinal inflammation in the trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid and oxazolone models by reducing the trafficking of Ly6C+ monocytes from blood to intestinal mucosa. Exposure to BAR501 shifted intestinal macrophages from a classically activated (CD11b+, CCR7+, F4/80−) to an alternatively activated (CD11b+, CCR7−, F4/80+) phenotype, reduced the expression of inflammatory genes (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, and CCL2 mRNAs), and attenuated the wasting syndrome and severity of colitis (≈70% reduction in the Colitis Disease Activity Index). The protective effect was lost in Gpbar1−/− mice. Exposure to BAR501 increased the colonic expression of IL-10 and TGF-β mRNAs and the percentage of CD4+/Foxp3+ cells. The beneficial effects of BAR501 were lost in Il-10−/− mice. In a macrophage cell line, regulation of IL-10 by BAR501 was GPBAR1 dependent and was mediated by the recruitment of CREB to its responsive element in the IL-10 promoter. In conclusion, GPBAR1 is expressed in circulating monocytes and colonic macrophages, and its activation promotes a IL-10–dependent shift toward an alternatively activated phenotype. The targeting of GPBAR1 may offer therapeutic options in inflammatory bowel diseases.