bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Domestication of the Amazonian fruit tree cupuaçu may have stretched over the past 8000 years
Authors: Colli-Silva Matheus , Richardson James E. , Neves Eduardo G. , Watling Jennifer , Figueira Antonio , Pirani José Rubens
Published: November 2023

Amazonia, one of the largest and most biodiverse ecosystems on Earth, is a significant yet less-known arena for ancient plant domestication. Here, we traced the origins of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), an Amazonian tree crop closely related to cacao (T. cacao), cherished for its flavorful seed-pulp, by employing an extensive genomic analysis based on data from four sites in Brazil. Our results indicate that cupuaçu is a domesticated variant of its wild relative, cupuí (T. subincanum), probably originating from the Middle-Upper Rio Negro basin. A first phase of domestication is observed through a genetic bottleneck that we estimated to have occurred 5000–8000 years before the present. Moreover, we found further reductions in genetic diversity that we estimated to have occurred during the modern era. This is consistent with a second phase of domestication that was accompanied by an increase in the geographic distribution of cupuaçu over the last two centuries. Unraveling cupuaçu’s origins adds it to the roster of plants domesticated by Amazonian indigenous people in the early to mid-Holocene. Our results suggest that Amazonia’s current patterns of genetic diversity and distribution of domesticated plants were influenced by both pre-Columbian and modern histories.
Structural Disorder in Chaperone Functions Probed by NMR
Authors: Hu Y. , Liu M.
Published: November 2023

Molecular chaperones are essential for maintaining protein homeostasis in cells as they bind to unfolded polypeptides of client proteins and prevent them from misfolding. The solution NMR method has unique advantages in investigating chaperone–client interactions, particularly for special cases in which the chaperone itself requires partial or overall unfolding to gain functional activity. In this chapter, we summarize recent advances in understanding the functional mechanisms of these extremely dynamic and heterogeneous systems, including the stress-related conditional disordered chaperones Hsp33 and HdeA, small heat shock proteins and the linker histone chaperone prothymosin-α, with special focus on the application of a variety of NMR techniques to overcome the unique challenges in each case.
Integrative Methods to Investigate Chaperones in Regulating Protein Phase Separation and Aggregation
Authors: Li D. , Zhang S. , Liu C.
Published: November 2023

Protein liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) plays an essential role in driving the formation of membraneless organelles (MLOs) involved in different biological processes, dysregulation of which may lead to protein amyloid aggregation which is closely associated with different neurodegenerative diseases. Molecular chaperones are key players in maintaining the protein homeostasis of MLOs and regulating pathological protein aggregation. In the first half of this chapter, we summarized the emerging roles of different molecular chaperones in modulating protein LLPS as well as pathological aggregation. In the second half, we introduced different biophysical and biochemical methods for investigating how chaperones bind and modulate their client proteins in three different states including the diluted state, the dynamic phase separated state, and the aggregated fibrillar state. In the end, we pointed out the further direction in studying the chaperone–client interaction in cells by developing and integrating new methods.
Structural Biology in Cells by In-cell NMR
Authors: Fleischmann Y. , Gerez J. , Riek R.
Published: November 2023

In-cell NMR has the potential to study protein structure and dynamics within a cell. In this chapter, the history of in-cell NMR and the various in-cell NMR methods established along with their applications with a focus on chaperones is discussed. A comprehensive summary of previously studied proteins in table form is presented. So far 39 proteins, which are presented in this chapter in a comprehensive summary, have been studied by in-cell NMR in bacteria, yeast, insect cells, Xenopus laevis oocytes, and mammalian cell systems. It is our feeling that the number of proteins is far below what one would expect for a method with such potential and developed more than 20 years ago. This might indicate great prospects for future improvements. The methods include either protein overexpression or stable-isotope protein delivery termed transexpression. To give an example of dynamics and protein–protein interactions studied by in-cell NMR, we described in detail the intrinsically disordered protein α-synuclein and its transient interaction with chaperones.
High conversion continuous flow exfoliation of 2D MoS2
Authors: Alharbi Thaar M. D. , Raston Colin L.
Published: November 2023

We report a low-cost and highly efficient process for exfoliating of MoS2 using an energy efficient vortex fluidic device (VFD).
Ligand induced chirality in In2S3 nanoparticles
Authors: Branzi Lorenzo , Lavet Oriane , Gun'ko Yurii K.
Published: November 2023

Chiral indium sulfide nanoparticles are produced by a co-precipitation reaction in the presence of cysteine as chiral ligand. The ligand chemisorption is investigated using magnetic resonance spectroscopy and ligand displacement study.
Sudden collective atomic rearrangements trigger the growth of defect-free silver icosahedra
Authors: Nelli Diana , Roncaglia Cesare , Ferrando Riccardo , Kataya Zeinab , Garreau Yves , Coati Alessandro , Andreazza-Vignolle Caroline , Andreazza Pascal
Published: November 2023

The shell-by-shell growth of metastable silver icosahedra is experimentally observed and its key mechanisms are unveiled by molecular dynamics simulations. Icosahedra transform into decahedra upon annealing or ageing.
A non-invasive approach to the resistive switching physical model of ultra-thin organic–inorganic dielectric-based ReRAMs
Authors: Martinez Alba , Cho Byung Jin , Kim Min Ju
Published: November 2023

Physical modelling of the unstable reset and the optimized stable reset processes in ultra-thin Hf-hybrid-based ReRAM.
Electrochemical and X-ray structural evidence of multiple molybdenum precursor candidates from a reported non-aqueous electrodeposition of molybdenum disulfide
Authors: George Tanner , Brosseau Christa L. , Masuda Jason D.
Published: November 2023

Various molybdenum complexes were identified reacting MoO3 and ethylene glycol, and both X-ray crystallography and electrochemistry provide a better understand of this complex, yet crucial reagent used for the 1st reported MoS2 electrodeposition.
An economical and simple method for preparing highly permeable and chlorine-resistant reverse osmosis membranes with potential commercial applications
Authors: Sun Junqing , Zhang Qianwen , Xue Wenjing , Ding Wande , Zhang Kefeng , Wang Shan
Published: November 2023

Optimization of structure and improvement of surface properties of polyamide layer contribute to the enhanced permeability and chlorine-resistant of thin-film composite membranes.
Three-dimensional flower-like NiO on Cu foam as a lithiophilic current collector for high-performance lithium metal batteries
Authors: Ma Jiping , Zhang Zhanling , Zhang Bin , Huang Changyong , Shi Xiaoqian , Liu Yong , Zhou Guangmin
Published: November 2023

Lithiophilic NiO with large surface area was grown on 3D copper foam by hydrothermal and post-annealing method. Flower-like NiO provides abundant active sites, which facilitates uniform deposition of lithium and effectively inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites.
A nature-inspired strategy towards superhydrophobic wood
Authors: Liu Shiqin , Zhu Mengjia , Huang Yuxiang , Yu Yanglun , Yu Wenji , Lv Bin
Published: November 2023

Plant polyphenols are a type of natural substance widely present in plants, which can form three-dimensional metal-phenolic networks (MPNs) via chelation with metal ions, thereby enabling the construction of functional material coatings.
Smart stimuli-responsive polysaccharide nanohydrogels for drug delivery: a review
Authors: Damiri Fouad , Fatimi Ahmed , Santos Ana Cláudia Paiva , Varma Rajender S. , Berrada Mohammed
Published: November 2023

Polysaccharides have found extensive utilization as biomaterials in drug delivery systems owing to their remarkable biocompatibility, simple functionalization, and inherent biological properties.
A MXene@AgAu@PDA nanoplatform loaded with AgAu nanocages for enhancing catalytic activity and antibacterial performance
Authors: Liu Guanghui , Wang Hongfa , Xu Chunyan , Fang Qunling , Wang Hailong , Xu Yunqi , Sang Min , Xuan Shouhu , Hao Lingyun
Published: November 2023

This work reports a MXene@AgAu@PDA nanosheet loaded with AgAu nanocages which exhibits good NIR enhanced catalytic ability and photothermal synergistic antibacterial properties.
An aptamer-assisted nanopore strategy with a salt gradient for direct protein sensing
Authors: Yin Bohua , Tang Peng , Wang Liang , Xie Wanyi , Chen Xiaohan , Wang Yunjiao , Weng Ting , Tian Rong , Zhou Shuo , Wang Zuobin , Wang Deqiang
Published: November 2023

A salt-gradient aptamer-assisted nanopore strategy detects SARS-COVID-2 nucleocapsid protein with distinctive blockades. The molecular mechanism of protein–aptamer interaction was studied using an α-hemolysin nanopore to validate effectiveness.
The Design and Process Reliability Analysis of Millimeter Wave CMOS Power Amplifier with a Cold Mode MOSFET Linearization
Authors: Quadir N. A. , Jain Amit , Kashfi S. , Albasha Lutfi , Qaddoumi Nasser
Published: November 2023

A power amplifier design operating at 28 GHz for communication applications is presented in this paper. Analog predistorted technique is used to improve the linearity using a cold mode MOSFET linearizer. The paper reports +19.8 dBm of peak power at the output and power‐added efficiency (PAE) of 17% is attained by the designed circuit. The 1‐dB compression point linearity was +18.6 dBm. The adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) simulations were performed for the different communication standards like 802_11n_40M, CDMA, IS‐95, and 802_11n_20M. Design specification variations of the amplifier have been analyzed over five process corners and simulations were performed to validate compliance with standards and robustness of the designed circuit. Monte Carlo simulation were performed to assess the performance over statistical variability of PAE and power gain. It is believed that this linearization design and the verifications used are done for the first time on a 65‐nm RFCMOS process.
A Process Optimization Method of the Mini‐LOCOS Field Plate Profile for Improving Electrical Characteristics of LDMOS Device
Authors: Yu Shaoxin , Shao Weiheng , Gao Pei-Xiong , Li Xiang , Chen Rongsheng , Zhao Bin
Published: November 2023

In this work, the effects of the mini‐local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS) field plate’s bottom physical profile on the devices’ breakdown performance are analyzed through technology computer‐aided design simulations. It is indicated that the “abrupt” bottom profile could certainly do with an optimization. This paper introduces an effective process improvement method by etching bias power adjustment and time reduction. The upgradation of the field plate physical profile has been proved by transmission electron microscope cross‐section analysis. The angle for the bottom surface of mini‐LOCOS field plate θ2 is improved from 11.9° to 12.6°, and the thickness ratio of Hup/Hbottom (field plate oxide thickness for the upper and bottom, respectively) is increased from 71.8% to 76.6%. Finally, the optimized laterally diffused metal oxide semiconductor devices have been fabricated, and both figure of merit curves and safe operation area curves are measured. The specific on‐resistance Ron,sp could achieve as low as 11.3 mΩ mm2, while breakdown voltage BVds,max arrives at 37.4 V, which is nearly 19.3% improved.
New upper bounds on the Gaussian Q‐function via Jensen's inequality and integration by parts, and applications in symbol error probability analysis
Authors: Zheng Hang‐Dan , Wu Ming‐Wei , Qiu Hang , Kam Pooi‐Yuen
Published: November 2023

Using Jensen's inequality and integration by parts, some tight upper bounds are derived on the Gaussian Q‐function. The tightness of the bounds obtained by Jensen's inequality can be improved by increasing the number of exponential terms, and one of them is invertible. A piece‐wise upper bound is obtained and its application in the analysis of the symbol error probability of various modulation schemes in different channel models is shown.
CO2 emissions and delivery time of last‐mile drone delivery using trucks
Authors: Hur Sung Ho , Won Minsu
Published: November 2023

The shift in consumer behaviour from in‐person to online shopping has led to an increase in parcel delivery volume and its associated negative impacts, such as CO2 emissions in cities. With the emergence of drone‐delivery technologies, the authors analyzed a joint delivery method using drones and trucks, which is an emerging alternative solution for last‐mile delivery in terms of CO2 emissions and delivery time. The analysis verified the highest possible level of reduction in CO2 emissions for the simultaneous and strategic operation of drones and trucks compared to diesel‐ or electric‐only truck operations. Moreover, this approach leads to reduced delivery times. A sensitivity analysis was performed to optimize the delivery‐drone flight performance in a drone‐and‐truck delivery strategy. It was found that a 1.5‐km drone flight performance was sufficient when considering the reasonable assumptions adopted in this study. Furthermore, based on the analysis results, drone‐and‐truck cooperative delivery strategies may not provide a significant advantage in terms of CO2 emissions compared with alternative transportation modes, such as fuel‐cell trucks with sufficiently low emissions. It has been empirically verified that changes in CO2 emissions are proportional to the number of clusters. However, there is a risk of local optima due to microscopic fluctuations among neighbouring cluster numbers, which occurs during the search for the optimal number of clusters.
The Bi–O edge wavefront sensor
Authors: Vérinaud C. , Héritier C. T. , Kasper M. , Tallon M.
Published: November 2023

Context. Direct detection of exoplanets around nearby stars requires advanced adaptive optics (AO) systems. High-order systems are needed to reach a high Strehl ratio (SR) in near-infrared and optical wavelengths on future giant segmented-mirror telescopes (GSMTs). Direct detection of faint exoplanets with the European Southern Observatory (ESO) Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) will require some tens of thousands of correction modes. The resolution and sensitivity of the wavefront sensor (WFS) are key requirements for this science case. We present a new class of WFSs, the bi-orthogonal Foucault knife-edge sensors (or Bi–O edge), that is directly inspired by the Foucault knife-edge test. The idea consists of using a beam-splitter producing two foci, each of which is sensed by an edge with a direction orthogonal to the other focus.

Aims. We describe two implementation concepts: The Bi–O edge sensor can be realised with a sharp edge and a tip-tilt modulation device (sharp Bi–O edge) or with a smooth gradual transmission over a grey edge (grey Bi–O edge). A comparison of the Bi–O edge concepts and the four-sided classical pyramid wavefront sensor (PWS) gives some important insights into the nature of the measurements.

Methods. We analytically computed the photon noise error propagation, and we compared the results to end-to-end simulations of a closed-loop AO system.

Results. Our analysis shows that the sensitivity gain of the Bi–O edge with respect to the PWS depends on the system configuration. The gain is a function of the number of control modes and the modulation angle. We found that for the sharp Bi–O edge, the gain in reduction of propagated photon noise variance approaches a theoretical factor of 2 for a large number of control modes and small modulation angle, meaning that the sharp Bi–O edge only needs half of the photons of the PWS to reach similar measurement accuracy. In contrast, the PWS is twice more sensitive than the Bi–O edge in the case of very low order correction and/or large modulation angles. Preliminary end-to-end simulations illustrate some of the results. The grey version of the Bi–O edge opens the door to advanced amplitude filtering, which replaces the need for a tip-tilt modulator while keeping the same dynamic range. We show that an additional factor of 2 in reduction of propagated photon noise variance can be obtained for high orders, such that the theoretical maximum gain of a factor of 4 in photon efficiency can be obtained. A diffractive Fourier model that accurately includes the effect of modulation and control modes shows that for the extreme AO (XAO) system configuration of the ELT, the overall gain will well exceed one magnitude in guide-star brightness when compared to the modulated PWS.

Conclusions. We conclude that the Bi–O edge is an excellent candidate sensor for future very high order Adaptive Optics systems, in particular on GSMTs.
TANAMI: Tracking active galactic nuclei with austral milliarcsecond interferometry
Authors: Benke P. , Rösch F. , Ros E. , Kadler M. , Ojha R. , Edwards P. G. , Horiuchi S. , Hyland L. J. , Phillips C. , Quick J. F. H. , Stevens J. , Tzioumis A. K. , Weston S.
Published: November 2023

Context.With the emergence of very high energy astronomy (VHE;E >100 GeV), new open questions were presented to astronomers studying the multi-wavelength emission from blazars. Answers to these open questions, such as the Doppler crisis, and finding the location of the high-energy activity have eluded us thus far. Recently, quasi-simultaneous multi-wavelength monitoring programs have shown considerable success in investigating blazar activity.

Aims.Such quasi-simultaneous observations across the electromagnetic spectrum became possible thanks to the launch of theFermiGamma-ray Space Telescope in 2008. In addition, with very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations, we can resolve the central parsec region of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and compare morphological changes to γ-ray activity in order to study high-energy-emitting blazars. To achieve our goals, we need sensitive, long-term VLBI monitoring of a complete sample of VHE-detected AGN.

Methods.We performed VLBI observations of TeV-detected AGN and high-likelihood neutrino associations as of December of 2021 with the Long Baseline Array (LBA) and other southern-hemisphere radio telescopes at 2.3 GHz.

Results.In this paper, we present first light TANAMIS-band images, focusing on the TeV-detected subsample of the full TANAMI sample. In addition to these VHE-detected sources, we show images of two flux density calibrators and two additional sources included in the observations. We study the redshift, 0.1–100 GeV photon flux, andS-band core brightness temperature distributions of the TeV-detected objects, and find that flat-spectrum radio quasars and low-synchrotron-peaked sources on average show higher brightness temperatures than high-synchrotron-peaked BL Lacs. Sources with bright GeVγ-ray emission also show higher brightness temperature values thanγ-low sources.

Conclusions.Long-term monitoring programs are crucial for studying the multiwavelength properties of AGN. With the successful detection of even the faintest sources, with flux densities below 50 mJy, future work will entail kinematic analysis and spectral studies both at 2.3 and 8.4 GHz to investigate the connection between the radio andγ-ray activity of these objects.
E-Service in government sector: To what extent has NTB.care affected as a smart citizen reporting site for raising government performance
Authors: Yohanes Yulius , Al Qadrie Syarif Redha Fachmi , Elyta  , Olifiani Laras Putri , Kurniawan Cahyadi
Published: November 2023

ICT which stands for information and communication technology, is an integral aspect of government work to improve performance in areas such as leadership effectiveness, public engagement, and information disclosure. The main benefit of using ICT in government is that it provides a public forum for generating discussion between stakeholders or between governments. NTB.Care is a public complaint service apps on the performance of local governments in West Nusa Tenggara or NTB. In order to allow the government of the NTB province to report on the performance of the regional work units and regional work units that fall under its jurisdiction, this. The purpose of this research is to investigate the quality of E-Government systems, information, and services, as well as the transparency of their operations. With the assistance of the SmartPLS software, the research approach is quantitative, and it involves evaluating the validity and reliability, as well as hypotheses and regression. This is done in order to create data that can then be correctly examined. According to the findings of our study, the use of e-government is influenced by two factors: the system quality variable and the services quality variable, both of which have a P value of 0.000. On the other hand, the information and transparency variables do not influence the use of e-government.
Effectiveness Of Learning Management System In University Of Science And Technology Of Southern Philippines Cagayan De Oro And Villanueva Campuses: A Policy Recommendation
Authors: Roa Maria Farina V. , Gimeno Esjohol Lester A. , Tenorio Christine B. , Malawani Ajree D.
Published: November 2023

Learning Management Systems (LMS) is gaining momentum in the Philippines as educational institutions and businesses seek to provide flexible, accessible, and cost-effective training solutions. The Commission on Higher Education mandates the adoption of LMS in higher education institutions. This is based on CHED Memorandum Order No. 04, Series of 2020, which outlines the policies, standards, and guidelines for the establishment and operation of e-learning programs in HEIs. The government's push towards digital education and the growing adoption of cloud-based solutions are driving the growth of LMS in the country. However, there are still several challenges that need to be addressed, particularly in terms of digital infrastructure and teacher training and support. This study examined e-learning in higher education and motivation as variables that affect student learning. The study involved one hundred fifty-seven (157) university students from the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines Cagayan de Oro and Villanueva campuses. Data collection was assisted by using a questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale that tested its validity and reliability. The study showed the importance of user-friendly LMS interfaces and technical support, and the crucial role of faculty members in supporting and enriching the learning experience through the LMS.
The Influence of Supply Chain Strategy and Supply Chain Design on Supply Chain Resilience under Uncertain Circumstances: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Phengsuk Thapanee , Worasan Kongkidakhon , Saenchaiyathon Krittapha
Published: November 2023

In business operations conducted under uncertain circumstances, issues such as escalating transportation costs, pervasive uncertainty, and a lack of collaboration among enterprises have surfaced, constraining opportunities for business expansion. Consequently, companies are compelled to adapt swiftly to sustain their operations. This research investigates the Factors Influencing the Supply Chain Resilience of Businesses amid Uncertain Circumstances. A comprehensive analysis of the pertinent literature has been undertaken, employing various methodologies to shed light on the principal challenges and drivers confronting supply chain management. The findings derived from the literature review underscore the pivotal significance of supply chain strategy and design in shaping the resilience of supply chains, particularly in contexts characterized by uncertainty. Consequently, the analysis of strategic aspects, the formulation of resilient supply chain designs, and investments in resilience are found to exert a substantial and positive influence on anticipated business outcomes. These proactive measures serve as a robust safeguard against disruptions, ensuring the sustained continuity of business operations even during times of crisis.
Analysis of Sustainability of Bamboo Handicrafts: Investigation of Welfare and Its Supporting Variables
Authors: Irwansyah M. Rudi , Rustini Ni Komang Ayu , Wulandari Putu Riska , Yasa I Nyoman Mahaendra , Saskara Ida Ayu Nyoman
Published: November 2023

Bamboo is a natural material with numerous applications, one of which is the creation of handicrafts. As a form of creative economic development that contributes to the welfare of people, bamboo handicrafts are a form of ancestry. This condition is supported by the trend of the global community to “back to nature”, which includes the use of in-demand natural products, thereby increasing the popularity of bamboo handicrafts. However, the challenge of bamboo handicrafts' sustainability must be considered in harmony between of economic, social, and environmental harmony. This research was conducted to examine the current state of bamboo handicrafts and the factors that contribute to their sustainability. The Lipsor-developed Micmac application served as the foundation for the prospective methodology of this study. This investigation takes place in Sidetapa Village, Bali, Indonesia. The study's primary data sources were collected via surveys and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with research informants. According to the findings of the study, sixty percent of the community is comprised of bamboo handicrafts. Nutritional health, employment, accommodation, and community environment is in the good category. However, the condition of community education falls within the category of sufficiency. Conservation, environmental protection, culture, wealth, and innovation all have an impact on the sustainability of bamboo crafts in Sidatapa Village. Producing sustainably also requires taking into account marketing, supplies, and production. Conservation, environmental protection, culture, wealth, and innovation all have an impact on the sustainability of bamboo crafts in Sidatapa Village. In order to achieve sustainability, additional factors such as production, marketing, and materials must be taken into account. The research data can explain the condition of the variables that contribute to the durability of bamboo handicrafts. It must be supported by government programs, the extant culture, the capacity of human resources, and government or private capital investment. This research contributes the human resource capacity and government and private investment are the most important determinants to the regional economic development plans that promote the betterment of human welfare.
Digital Transformation: Optimizing the Use of E-Payment Gateways for MSME Performance
Authors: Agustina Duwi , Yusnita Maya , Fitari Tiara
Published: November 2023

The development of the times and the rapid progress of the economy in Indonesia has made the business world currently required to take strategic steps in order to compete with other businesses, especially Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The e-payment system makes it possible to provide convenience in transactions rather than using cash. In addition to increasing payment efficiency, increasing customer loyalty and further increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of time. This study aims to analyze the effect of e-payment gateways on the performance of MSMEs in the food and beverage sector in Pangkalpinang City. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with a sample of MSME actors in the food and beverage sector in Pangkalpinang City, totaling 100 respondents. The data analysis tool used in this study used SPSS Version 24 with multiple linear regression tests. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that e-payment has a positive and significant effect on the performance of micro, small and medium enterprises because e-payment activities are able to provide convenience for transactions, increase time efficiency and effectiveness, reduce costs required for various payment documents that are done manually.
Application of Carbon Nanotubes in Various Fields
Authors: Pan Yi
Published: November 2023

There have been more studies on the characteristics and uses of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in
recent years as a result of the advancement of nanomaterials and nanotechnology. CNTs are used in a
greater variety of applications due to their powerful adsorption, stable molecular structure, high thermal
conductivity, and other qualities. This paper introduces the role of CNTs in textile, construction and
environmental science. Specifically, in the textile industry, CNTs have the functions of electromagnetic
signal shielding, UV protection and flexible sensing in the field of material strength and high-temperature
resistance. In terms of building and construction, CNTs can be composite with cement and concrete to
improve mechanical properties. In sewage treatment applications, CNTs are characterized by high specific
surface area, high porosity, high hydrophobicity, and electrocatalysis. This paper provides a reference for
the development of the above fields, refers to the problems existing in the practical application of CNTs,
and prospects the deeper development of CNTs materials.
Management of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Severe Immune Thrombocytopenia: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Nielsen Mathias Haargaard , Bor Mustafa Vakur
Published: November 2023

We report a case of a 58-year-old man with recurrent unprovoked deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and severe immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) with a platelet count of 19 × 109/L. We further review studies reporting venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with severe ITP (≤ 35 × 109/L) and identified 14 patients highlighting VTE risk factors and management of these patients. The present case had several risk factors for VTE (previous DVT, obesity, heterozygosity for factor V Leiden mutation, and previous splenectomy). The patient was initially treated with low-molecular-weight heparin followed by long-term apixaban treatment. The literature review together with our case demonstrates that VTE in severe ITP (≤ 35 × 109/L) can occur in patients with VTE risk factors and antithrombotic management of these patients can be achieved without bleeding depending on severity of thrombocytopenia either by full or reduced dose of anticoagulation together with ITP therapy.
The Role of the Primary Care Physician in the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Ee Carolyn
Published: November 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and heterogeneous female endocrine disorder with manifestations that span the hormonal, reproductive, metabolic, and psychological. Primary care physicians (PCPs), also known as family physicians or general practitioners, play a key role in the diagnosis, assessment, and management of PCOS. This article outlines the role of the PCP in the timely and accurate diagnosis, provision of information and education, lifestyle and weight management, and management of key features such as hyperandrogenism, irregular cycles, infertility, emotional well-being, and cardiometabolic risk. PCPs play an essential role as the point of first contact for women and adolescents with or at high risk of PCOS, providers of whole-person care and continuity of care, and coordinators of care within a multidisciplinary team. Optimal management of PCOS requires equitable access to primary care. There is a need for systemic approaches to addressing barriers to provision of quality primary care, such as poor remuneration of longer consultations and low awareness of evidence-based guidelines, to women and adolescents with PCOS.
Obesity and In Vitro Fertilization
Authors: Ferrell Emily L. , Choudhry Abira A. , Schon Samantha B.
Published: November 2023

Obesity is a highly prevalent chronic disease with a significant effect on reproductive-age women. The clinical implications of obesity on fertility and pregnancy are well studied citing ovulatory dysfunction, hormonal imbalances, higher miscarriage rates, and increased maternal and neonatal risks. For this reason, many patients with obesity seek reproductive specialists to help build their families. Despite this literature base, the effect of weight loss interventions prior to assisted reproductive technology (ART) is lacking. This review aims to outline the impact of obesity on ART, specifically in vitro fertilization (IVF). Response differences to treatment protocols compared with normal weight counterparts, limitations of access to care, and the mixed results of weight-reduction strategies prior to fertility treatment will be addressed. The known data surrounding benefits of lifestyle modification, pharmacologic therapies, and surgical interventions for obesity prior to IVF are outlined and found to emphasize a need for further research to determine the optimal approach for infertility patients with obesity.
Time and cognitive development: from Vygotsky’s thinking to different notions of disability in the school environment
Authors: Ferreira Marcello , da Silva Filho Olavo Leopoldino , da Silva Nascimento Ana Bárbara , Strapasson Alexandre Betinardi
Published: November 2023

The perceptions about the structure of time are deeply entrenched in people’s minds. As such, they do not reveal themselves directly but are mediated by how it is possible to articulate concepts that assume these perceptions. This paper assesses how the notion of time can affect cognitive development, looking at Vygotsky’s works on defectology and other references, given that there is a gap regarding this articulation in specialized literature. For this purpose, it is argued that the notion of time often departs from an equivocal assumption of a linear time structure, influencing how we lead with disability issues in teaching and learning processes. The findings also show some consequences of such a departure in the conceptualization of deficiency, development, and time to the issue of the visibility of the so-called deficient, particularly concerning the school environment.
Optical propagation of exciton polaritons in ultrathin van der Waals microcrystals down to few monolayers
Authors: ljaz Talha , Bian Qi , Cao Yan , Ding Haoxuan , Chen Xiaorui , Lu Huan , Yang Shu , Xing Xueting , Fang Simin , Liu Mengyuan , Zhang Xin , Gao Jianzhi , Pan Minghu
Published: November 2023

The exciton polariton is a kind of quasiparticles and provides a promising opportunity to explore fundamental quantum phenomena for photonic applications. Transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials provide the platform of nanophotonics that supports the propagative exciton polaritons even at room-temperature. Previously, real space studies on thin flakes of TMDs by scattering-type scanning nearfield optical microscopy (s-SNOM) were limited to waveguide thickness down to 30 nm. In this work, we present the nano-optical imaging of ordinary transverse electric modes of exciton polaritons in MoS2 and WSe2 down to a few atomic layers, measured by atomic force microscope-based s-SNOM. Surprisingly, the interference fringe patterns can be observed clearly at the prepared ultrathin TMD flakes with thickness down to ~3 nm (4 ML) and ~8 nm (12 ML) for MoS2 and WSe2, respectively, which breaks greatly the previous measurement limitation. The wavevectors stay around 1.6k0−1.7k0 constantly when the thickness approaching to a few MLs, instead of 1k0 according to the theory. These modes are supported by the nearly-freestanding TMD microflakes in the form of three-layer symmetric waveguide to confine the exciton polaritons. Our results provide in-depth understanding and open new avenues to explore the polaritonic devices operating at the near infrared region based on ultrathin TMD materials.
Modulation of electronic states in bimetallic-doped nitrogen-carbon based nanoparticles for enhanced oxygen reduction kinetics
Authors: Gong Chen , Yang Chenyu , Zhou Wanlin , Su Hui , Liu Qinghua
Published: November 2023

Controlling tire local electronic structure of active ingredients to improve the adsorption-desorption characteristics of oxygen-containing intermediates over the electrochemical liquid-solid interfaces is a critical challenge in the field of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysis. Here, we offer a simple approach for modulating the electronic states of metal nanocrystals by bimetal co-doping into carbon-nitrogen substrate, allowing us to modulate the electronic structure of catalytic ao five centers. To test our strategy, we designed a typical bimetallic nanoparticle catalyst (FeCo NP/NC) to flexibly alter the reaction kinetics of ORR. Our results from synchrotron X- ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the co-doping of iron and cobalt could optimize the intrinsic charge distribution of Fe-Co NP/NC catalyst, promoting the oxygen reduction kinetics and ultimately achieving remarkable ORR activity. Consequently, the carefully designed Fe-Co NP/NC exhibits an ultra-high kinetic current density at the operating voltage (71.94 mA/cm2 at 0.80 V), and the half-wave potential achieves 0.915 V, which is obviously better than that of the corresponding controls including Fe NP/NC, Co NP/NC. Our findings provide a unique perspective for optimizing the electronic structure of active centers to achieve higher ORR catalytic activity and faster kinetics.
Neural network method for constructing intermolecular potential energy surfaces of van der Waals complexes
Authors: Cheng Tong , Yang Mingjuan , Song Hongwei , Zheng Limin , Zheng Rui , Yang Minghui
Published: November 2023

This study proposes a new approach for constructing intermolecular potential energy surfaces (PESs) of van der Waals (vdW) complexes using neural networks. The descriptors utilized in this neural network model are split into two parts: radial parts representing the intermolecular stretching vibrations between monomers and angular parts describing the relative orientation of these molecules. Specifically, the parity-adapted rotational basis functions used in the bound state calculation are taken as the angular descriptors, which ensure the correct symmetry of the PES. The number of orthogonal rotational basis functions is controlled by the maximum value of the angular momentum quantum number. In addition, the symmetry of monomer molecules is achieved by restricting the quantum number of the rotational basis function. The descriptors for five types of van der Waals complexes, including atom-linear, atom-nonlinear, linear-linear, linear-nonlinear and nonlinear-nonlinear molecules complexes, have been derived in this work. The neural network models with these newly developed descriptors were then applied to construct PESs of two van der Waals complexes, Ar-NaCl and N2-OCS. The root-mean-square error values between the fitted and ab initio energies are found to be 0.11 cm−1 and 0.26 cm−1 for Ar-NaCl and N2-OCS, respectively. These results indicate that this method is accurate and effective for constructing high-precision PESs of vdW complexes.
New insights into diffusion–collection modeling of radiation-induced charge in semiconductor devices
Authors: Autran J. L. , Munteanu D.
Published: November 2023

Charge diffusion from an ion track and its collection by a biased contact in a semiconductor domain is modeled and analyzed within the framework of the so-called diffusion–collection approach. We successively examine the case of charge diffusion from a point source and from a linear distribution, introducing and discussing the concept of collection velocity at the point where the collection current is evaluated. Analytical formulations of the collected charge, collection current, and collection velocity are developed. Implications for the calculation of the soft error rate in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor circuits exposed to ionizing particles are derived. Finally, our model provides new insights into the correct definition of the charge collection velocity in collection–diffusion models.
Modeling and formation of a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) based heterostructure for efficient solar energy: Performance and defect analysis by numerical simulation
Authors: Islam Md Ariful , Al Rafi Jobair , Uddin Muhammad Athar
Published: November 2023

This work introduces a new highly efficient heterostructure solar cell that shows the supremacy of the single-walled carbon nanotube as an absorber layer and platinum (Pt) as a back contact. This article focuses on the most important process: optimizing the thickness and acceptor concentration of the absorber layer. Another novel fact in this work is that minorities have been included as a replica of defects and the Auger hole/electron capture coefficient, and the variations in defects have been shown with some flawless contour plots. As the whole study has been carried out using a simulator, it might not be completely realistic, but it shows outcomes close to reality. In addition, the use of minorities takes this simulation work closer to the physical one. A contemporary model—Al/ZnO/TiO2/SWCNT/SnS/Pt—has been investigated in this work for efficient performance. At the end of tuning, the input parameters are set at thickness (W) = 1.5 µm, acceptor concentration (NA) = 1 × 1020 cm−3, and defects = 1 × 1015 cm−3. Under these optimum conditions, this model has shown outstanding outcomes: VOC = 1.04 V, JSC = 41.91 mA cm−2, FF = 72.12%, and η = 31.57%. Although an efficiency of 32.86% was achieved at NA = 1 × 1021 cm−3, it is difficult to keep the acceptor concentration high in reality. Hence, the optimum value of the acceptor concentration is considered at 1 × 1020 cm−3.
A numerical simulation of high-Reynolds-number opposed impinging wall water jets in a limited field
Authors: Liang Haoran , Tang Chengyou , Xie Chunhang , Hu Ruichang , Yuan Hao
Published: November 2023

In the impinging region of opposing jets, strong mixing and significant energy dissipation are observed, but the mixing parameters invariably change with the opposed impinging strength (OIS). In this paper, the ratio of the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) intensity at the theoretical impinging point to the nozzle exit is defined as the opposed impinging strength. To examine the mixing properties of opposed impinging jets (OIJs) in a limited field under various OIS, a renormalization group k-ε turbulence model is employed to calculate three-dimensional OIJs under various OIS. The nozzle exit diameter is set to 0.6 m, and the inlet velocity is between 0.08 and 8 m/s, so the simulations are performed at Re between 4.8 × 104 and 4.8 × 106. This work focuses on the radial and vertical jets produced after impinging as well as the distribution of the TKE, flow field, and vortices. A thorough investigation reveals that although the OIS of the jets is primarily determined by the degree of jet development, it increases with the Reynolds number. A low OIS results in less mixing in the surrounding water and relatively unconstrained jet generation; however, it also results in limited energy extraction from the fluid. Once the OIS is high, there is more mixing in the surrounding water, and more energy is also lost during impinging. The distribution of vortices in the vortex field is not only influenced by the OIS but is also very closely related to the scale of the limited mixing field.
The new wave structures to the perturbed NLSE via Wiener process with its wide-ranging applications
Authors: Aly E. S. , Sohaly M. A. , Hassan S. Z. , Azees Noorjahan Abdul , Albalwi M. Daher , Aliyarukunju Leema , Askar Nadia A.
Published: November 2023

This article extracts stochastic soliton waves for the perturbed nonlinear Schödinger’s equation (PNLSE) forced by multiplicative noise through the Itô sense by utilizing two unified solver methods. The presented solutions involve three types: rational function, trigonometric function, and hyperbolic function solutions. These stochastic solutions are critical for studying numerous complicated phenomena in heat transfer, new physics, and many other fields of applied science. We demonstrate the effect of multiplicative noise on the solution of the stochastic PNLSE, which have never been studied before. The study and acquired solutions clarify that the unified solver technique is sturdy and efficient. Finally, several 2D and 3D graphs for selected solutions are shown.
Impact response of nitinol over 300–473 K temperature range
Authors: Zaretsky E. B. , Efremenkov I. , Kalabukhov S. , Hayun S.
Published: November 2023

The response of plane-parallel 2 mm thick samples of 47.3Ni-52.7Ti alloy was studied in two series of planar impact tests at temperatures between 300 and 473 K and between 473 and 318 K (heating to 473 K followed by cooling). In two additional series, the samples of 0.4–4 mm thickness were tested at 300 and 338 K (after preheating up to 473 K). In all the tests, the samples were loaded by 1 mm thick copper impactors having velocities equal to 314 ± 2 m/s. The velocity of the rear sample surface was continuously monitored by a laser Doppler velocimeter. It was shown that substantial, by an order of magnitude, variation of Hugoniot elastic limit σHEL and compressive strength Y of the nitinol with temperature are caused by the martensite–austenite transformation and its reversal. The variation of the dynamic tensile (spall) strength σsp of the nitinol along the heating–cooling path was found similar to that of σHEL although the difference between σsp values of austenite and martensite, ∼20%, is much more modest than in the case of σHEL. The test series performed at constant temperatures with samples of different thicknesses allows one to conclude that the plastic deformation in shocked austenite is presumably realized by dislocation motion and multiplication controlled by phonon viscosity. In the shocked martensite, the plastic deformation mechanism at a stress lower than ∼0.3 GPa is likely a thermally activated combination of deformation twinning and slip of kinking dislocations.
Electron scattering provides a long-awaited view of unstable nuclei
Authors: Miller Johanna L.
Published: November 2023

Nuclear reactions produce a plethora of short-lived artificial isotopes. Figuring out what they look like has been a challenge.
Ultimate turbulent thermal convection
Authors: Lohse Detlef , Shishkina Olga
Published: November 2023

Recent studies of a model system—a fluid in a box heated from below and cooled from above—provide insights into the physics of turbulent thermal convection. But upscaling the system to extremely strong turbulence remains difficult.
Heterologous expression of Dictyostelium discoideum NE81 in mouse embryo fibroblasts reveals conserved mechanoprotective roles of lamins
Authors: Odell Jacob , Gräf Ralph , Lammerding Jan
Published: November 2023

Lamins are nuclear intermediate filament proteins that are ubiquitously found in metazoan cells, where they contribute to nuclear morphology, stability, and gene expression. Lamin-like sequences have recently been identified in distantly related eukaryotes, but it remains unclear whether these proteins share conserved functions with the lamins found in metazoans. Here, we investigate conserved features between metazoan and amoebozoan lamins using a genetic complementation system to express the Dictyostelium discoideum lamin-like protein NE81 in mammalian cells lacking either specific lamins or all endogenous lamins. We report that NE81 localizes to the nucleus in cells lacking Lamin A/C, and that NE81 expression improves nuclear circularity, reduces nuclear deformability, and prevents nuclear envelope rupture in these cells. However, NE81 did not completely rescue loss of Lamin A/C, and was unable to restore normal distribution of metazoan lamin interactors, such as emerin and nuclear pore complexes, which are frequently displaced in Lamin A/C deficient cells. Collectively, our results indicate that the ability of lamins to modulate the morphology and mechanical properties of nuclei may have been a feature present in the common ancestor of Dictyostelium and animals, whereas other, more specialized interactions may have evolved more recently in metazoan lineages.