bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leveraging ion-ion and ion-photon reactions to improve the sequencing of proteins carrying multiple disulfide bonds: the human serum albumin case study
Authors: Lieu Linda , Hinkle Joshua , Syka John , Fornelli Luca
Published: June 2024

Gas-phase sequencing of large intact proteins (>30 kDa) via tandem mass spectrometry is an inherently challenging process that is further complicated by the extensive overlap of multiply charged product ion peaks, often characterized by a low signal-to-noise ratio. Disulfide bonds exacerbate this issue because of the need to cleave both the S-S and backbone bonds to liberate sequence informative fragments. Although electron-based ion activation techniques such as electron transfer dissociation (ETD) have been proven to rupture disulfide bonds in whole protein ions, they still struggle to produce extensive sequencing when multiple, concatenated S-S bonds are present on the same large polypeptide chain. Here, we evaluate the increase in sequence coverage obtained by combining activated-ion ETD (AI-ETD) and proton transfer charge reduction (PTCR) in the analysis of 66 kDa human serum albumin, which holds 17 disulfide bridges. We also describe the combination of AI-ETD with supplemental post-activation of the ETD reaction products via higher-energy collisional dissociation – a hybrid fragmentation method termed AI-EThcD. AI-EThcD leads to a further improvement compared to AI-ETD in both the global number of cleaved backbone bonds and the number of ruptured backbone bonds from disulfide protected regions. Our results also demonstrate that the full potential of AI-ETD and AI-EThcD is unveiled only when combined with PTCR: reduction in overlap of ion signals leads to a sequence coverage as high as 39% in a single experiment, highlighting the relevance of spectral simplification in top-down mass spectrometry of large proteins.
Zweifel Olefination for C-Glycosylation
Authors: Trauner Florian , Boutet Bilel , Pilz Fabian , Weber Verena , didier dorian
Published: June 2024

Starting from glycal derivatives, the Zweifel olefination presents an elegant opportunity to access C-glycosides in a selective manner. a-Lithiation of D-glucal, L-rhamnal, D-xylal and L-arabinal scaffolds was employed as a starting point in the synthesis of corresponding unsaturated aryl-, heteroaryl- and alkenyl-C-glycosides. This provides a straightforward strategy towards pharmacorelevant gliflozins and other unreported rhamnal- and xylal-analogs.
Organic aerosol formation from 222 nm germicidal light: ozone-initiated vs. non-ozone pathways
Authors: Goss Matthew , Kroll Jesse
Published: June 2024

Germicidal ultraviolet lamps outputting 222 nm light (GUV222) have the potential to reduce the airborne spread of disease through effective inactivation of pathogens, while remaining safe for direct human exposure. However, recent studies have identified these lamps as a source of ozone and other secondary pollutants such as secondary organic aerosol (SOA), and the health effects of these pollutants must be balanced against the benefits of pathogen inactivation. While ozone reactions are likely to account for much of this secondary indoor air pollution, 222 nm light may initiate additional non-ozone chemical processes, including the formation of other oxidants and direct photolytic reactions, which are not as well understood. This work examines the impacts of GUV222 light on SOA formation and composition by comparing limonene oxidation under GUV222 and O3-only control conditions in a laboratory chamber. Differences between these experiments enable us to distinguish patterns in aerosol formation driven by ozone chemistry from those driven by other photolytic processes. These experiments also examine the influence of the addition of NO2 and nitrous acid (HONO), and investigate SOA formation in sampled outdoor air. SOA composition and yield vary only slightly with respect to GUV222 vs ozone-only conditions; NO2 and HONO photolysis do not appreciably affect the observed chemistry. In contrast, we observe consistent new particle formation under high-fluence 222 nm light (45 µW cm-2) that differs dramatically from ozone-only experiments. This observed new particle formation represents an additional reason to keep GUV222 fluence rates to the lowest effective levels.
ATLAS-MAP: An Automated Test Station for Gated Electronic Transport Measurements
Authors: Walton Amber , Manno Michael , Dauenhauer Paul , Frisbie Daniel , McDonald Daniel
Published: June 2024

The diversification of electronic materials in devices provides a strong incentive for methods to rapidly correlate device performance to fabrication decisions. In this work, we present a low-cost automated test station for gated electronic transport measurements of field-effect transistors. Utilizing open-source PyMeasure libraries for transparent instrument control, the ‘ATLAS-MAP’ system serves as a customizable interface between sourcemeters and samples under test and is programmed to conduct transfer curve and van der Pauw methods with static and sweeping gate voltages. Zinc oxide transistors of variable thickness (5, 10, and 20 nm) and channel size (50 μm to 3 mm, of equilateral length and width) were fabricated to validate the design. Standardization of testing procedures and raw data formatting enabled automated data analysis. A detailed list of parts and code files for the system are provided.
Why are some pnictogen(III) pincer complexes planar and others pyramidal?
Authors: Hannah Tyler , Kirsch Tamina , Chitnis Saurabh
Published: June 2024

Geometrically-constrained pnictogen pincer complexes have emerged in recent years as platforms for unique stoichiometric and catalytic chemical transformations. These complexes feature dynamic conformations ranging from fully planar at the pnictogen centre to distorted-pyramidal geometries, as well as variation between phases. Although the valued reactivity of pnictogen pincer complexes is ascribed to their geometries, there is no unified model to explain the observed conformational outcomes across different ligands and pnictogen centres. Here we propose such a model through computational analysis of more than 1300 structures across 64 complexes (16 ligands and 4 heavy pnictogens), explaining the experimental observations and making new predictions. By looking at signatures of bond stability (bond lengths, Wiberg bond indices) and delocalization (NPA charges, Hirshfeld charges), our framework posits a pnictogen-based σ-bonding effect that favours pyramidalization and exists in competition with a ligand-based π-bonding effect that favours planarity. Variations in structure as a function of pnictogen identity, ligand tethering, electronics, and aromaticity can be reconciled with reference to a balance between these two opposing forces. Careful consideration of the σ/π-bonding effects may aid in the rational design of future pnictogen pincer complexes with predictable geometries and reactivities.
Work-Related Alcohol Consumption: An Analysis of Motivators and Responses across Cultures
Authors: Gulev Rune Ellemose , Dukaric Gabriel
Published: June 2024

While research into alcohol abuse is abundant, the science of how differing cultures view and respond to mild work-related alcohol consumption has been scientifically neglected. This article displays results from surveys conducted over a 7-year period and pivots around the cultural dimensions ‘Power distance’, ‘Individualism’, Indulgence’ and ‘Interpersonal trust’ which are correlated with motivators, responses and acceptance levels of mild work-related alcohol consumption. The strongest motivator for participating in mild work-related drinking was ‘To celebrate with colleagues’, which achieved significance with all cultural dimensions except power distance, which in contrast, achieved significance with the motivator ‘To bring out the real character’ of the counterpart. Power distance also correlated strongly with negative emotions regarding the refusal of a drink when offered by a senior. Altogether, 52 correlation tests were conducted of which 18 achieved significance. We believe that a better  understanding of this topic will increase the likelihood of obtaining a harmonious workplace that lessens employee misunderstandings and conflict.
Origin of the invasive North American beaver (Castor canadensis) sampled in Western Europe
Authors: Pigneur Lise-Marie , Gailly Damien , Manet Benoit , Herr Jan , Schley Laurent , Venske Steffi , Bressan Yoann , Michaux Johan
Published: June 2024

The North American beaver (Castor canadensis) has been introduced in Western Europe since 2006. Its occurrence has been recorded in Luxembourg, Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany) and Wallonia (Belgium). As Castor canadensis is a direct competitor of the Eurasian beaver, it is classified as an invasive species due to ecological niche overlap, with a notably higher reproduction rate. Its colonization is therefore a significant threat for our native Eurasian beavers and its populations should be eradicated. The origin of the North American beaver populations in Western Europe is also still unknown. The present study aimed at investigating the genetic structure and the putative origin of C. canadensis individuals collected in Western Europe. To achieve this goal, we compared their genetic characteristics with those of individuals coming from Finland, the USA and from the German zoo of Lünebach (Eifel). Our results revealed that all the individuals sampled in Western Europe show close relationships and belong to the same genetic cluster. Given their genetic link to the Eifel zoo beavers, the hypothesis of this zoo as the origin of wild C. canadensis populations in Western Europe seems the most probable. As no North American beavers have been detected in France, we can also conclude that the eradication measures implemented in Belgium, Luxembourg and Germany since 2006 seem to have been relatively efficient, thus preventing the spread of this species to other countries. However, future monitoring still has to be performed in order to confirm the total eradication of this invasive species in Western Europe.
INVESTIGATING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEE AVERAGE HOTEL PRICES AND INTERNATIONAL TOURISM
Authors: Dutta Anupam
Published: June 2024

Objective: The present study intends to examine the long- and short-run associations between average hotel prices and the international tourism demand in Singapore.
 
Theoretical Framework: Employing Johansen Cointegration method and linear ARDL bound tests, we fail to capture the long-term linkage between average hotel prices and the number of visitors in Singapore. We then consider the application of non-linear ARDL (NARDL) models in order to explore whether the non-existence of the long-run connection is due to the non-linear structure of the variables.
 
Method: We use monthly data which range from January 1995 to December 2022 yielding a total of 336 observations. All the data on average room rate and total tourist arrivals are retrieved from Thomson Reuters DataStream database. The starting period of the data used in our empirical analysis is dictated by data availability.
 
Results and Discussion: The findings reveal that the NARDL model successfully detects the aforesaid association between the variables under consideration. Furthermore, adopting the Toda–Yamamoto test for Granger causality suggests a strong bidirectional short-run connection between these two variables.
 
Research Implications: Policymakers could utilize these outcomes to implement appropriate strategies (e.g., stabilizing the hotel prices, rebranding the country as an attractive destination) for receiving significant attention from international tourists.
 
Originality/Value: Although Singapore has been one of the major destinations for international tourists over the years, assessing the relationship between average hotel prices and the total number tourists visiting Singapore does not receive much attention in earlier studies. This study aims to extend such scarce literature.
The Models of Indonesian Students to Study in Higher Education Institutions in China
Authors: Chong Ding , Santoso Supeng , Nawangsari Lenny Christina
Published: June 2024

Studying in China for educational purposes is one of the genuine aspects of China's higher education and an essential component of talent development via higher education. It is also an important factor in Chinese education overseas. With the opening of numerous areas and regions, education has become an important field and a point of entry for interactions between China and other nations owing to its unique qualities. This research seeks to identify the Models of the Role of the CNY Agency for Indonesian Students Enrolling in Chinese Higher Education Institutions. This research used the SEM (Structural Equation Model) approach using the SMART-PLS 3.0 analytic tool, which was proved on 201 respondents who are students studying in China through the CNY Agency's consultation. This research discovered that student motivation, personal relationship, discipline, and student satisfaction directly affect student performance and that student satisfaction mediates the effects of student motivation and discipline on student performance.
El Templo de Jerusalén en la pintura aragonesa de los siglos XIV-XV: del Arca de la Alianza a la custodia eucarística
Authors: Macías Prieto Guadaira
Published: June 2024

Resumen
Los pintores aragoneses del último cuarto del siglo XIV, así como los activos a lo largo del siglo XV, incluyeron con frecuencia una pieza de orfebrería de carácter arquitectónico, con estructura turriforme y cubierta piramidal, al ambientar escenas marianas y cristológicas en el Templo de Jerusalén. En el presente artículo se analiza la conexión formal y simbólica de estos objetos de orfebrería con las custodias eucarísticas coetáneas y su uso como trasunto del Arca de la Alianza, explorando los referentes plásticos y textuales que pudieron motivar la adopción y difusión de este elemento iconográfico. Se propone, asimismo, su interpretación como una estrategia de actualización que integra el templo judío en la realidad cristiana de la época, presentando una historia de la salvación humana sin solución de continuidad entre la Antigua y la Nueva Alianza.
Abstract
Aragonese painters of the last quarter of the 14th century, as well as those active throughout the 15th century, frequently included a piece of goldsmith’s work of an architectural nature, with a turriform structure and pyramidal cover, when depicting Marian and Christological scenes set in the Temple of Jerusalem. This article analyses the formal and symbolic connection of these precious metalwork objects with contemporary Eucharistic monstrances and their use as a representation of the Ark of the Covenant, exploring the visual and textual references that may have motivated the adoption and dissemination of this iconographic motif. This paper also proposes the interpretation of these iconography as an updating strategy that integrates the Jewish temple into the Christian reality of the period, presenting a history of human salvation without any solution of continuity between the Old and New Covenants.
Keywords
Gothic painting, Aragon, 14th-15th centuries, monstrance, precious metalwork, Ark of the Covenant.
La memoria espectral: problemas en torno a la restitución histórica de la cárcel de Carabanchel (Madrid, 1944-2008)
Authors: Moriente Díaz David
Published: June 2024

Resumen
El artículo reflexiona sobre los obstáculos para estudiar, proteger y conservar las cárceles construidas en España entre los siglos XIX y XX, con el fin de establecer una categoría de bien de interés cultural —todavía inexistente— de patrimonio carcelario. Dicha problemática se traza mediante el hilo conductor de la desaparecida Prisión Provincial de Hombres de Madrid, más conocida como cárcel de Carabanchel (1944-2008) a la que el autor del texto le ha asignado la formulación de “memoria espectral”; se trazará una panorámica somera sobre el estudio de la arquitectura carcelaria, su relación con la memoria y la historia, las dificultades para su patrimonialización y, finalmente, el estatus ontológico de la cárcel de Carabanchel en tanto que imagen residual de un edificio derribado tras su obsolescencia funcional.
Abstract
The article contemplates the impediments encountered in the study, preservation, and conservation of correctional facilities erected in Spain during the 19th and 20th centuries, with the objective of delineating a classification as a cultural asset within the realm of carceral heritage —a designation currently absent—. This inquiry is conducted through an exploration centered on the defunct Prisión Provincial de Hombres de Madrid, colloquially known as Carabanchel prison (1944-2008), which has been imbued by the author of the text with the concept of “spectral memory”; a concise examination is conducted regarding the analysis of prison architecture, its nexus with collective memory and historical narratives, the challenges associated with its heritage designation, and finally, the existential essence of Carabanchel prison as a lingering image of a structure dismantled following its functional obsolescence.
Keywords
Carabanchel Prison, carceral architecture, heritage preservation process, carceral heritage, historical memory, spectral memory.
Ligereza y profundidad. El caso de las arquitecturas itinerantes de Renzo Piano
Authors: Otero Verzier Marina
Published: June 2024

Este ensayo examina el legado de la arquitectura itinerante a través de los primeros proyectos arquitectónicos de Renzo Piano, en particular el Laboratorio di Quartiere en Otranto (1979) y el Pabellón Itinerante de IBM (1982-86), centrándose en sus estrategias de ocupación espacial. Los proyectos de Piano se sitúan dentro de una narrativa histórica y cultural que abarca desde los retos arquitectónicos de la Italia de posguerra hasta las estrategias corporativas globales de finales del siglo XX. El texto navega por las complejidades de concebir estructuras a la vez arraigadas y desarraigadas, locales y globales, permanentes y efímeras. Destaca la tensión entre las aspiraciones democratizadoras de la arquitectura móvil y su apropiación por las fuerzas corporativas y del mercado. Este análisis instiga a reconsiderar la relación entre arquitectura y tierra al desvelar cómo la aparente ligereza de la arquitectura temporal depende, sin embargo, de las prácticas extractivas que alimentan las economías globales.
ERNESTO IBAÑEZ, VÍCTOR GARCÍA ALEMÁN, HÉCTOR SUAREZ (eds.) - Bailar La Ciudad. Una reflexión sobre nuevos modelos de relación urbana, social e identitaria
Authors: Gálvez María Auxiliadora
Published: June 2024

ERNESTO IBAÑEZ, VÍCTOR GARCÍA ALEMÁN, HÉCTOR SUAREZ (eds.)Bailar La Ciudad. Una reflexión sobre nuevos modelos de relación urbana, social e identitaria.Cabildo de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 2022, 164 pp. Tapa blanda. Idioma: español ISBN: 978-84-1353-086-4
ALAN BERMAN, IAN LATHAM (eds.) - Being Ted Cullinan
Authors: Nagore Israel
Published: June 2024

ALAN BERMAN, IAN LATHAM (eds.)Being Ted CullinanRight Angle Publishing Ltd, Londres, 2022, 176 pp. Tapa blanda. £25.00Idioma: inglésISBN: 978-1-9997931-4-2
El evento como arquitectura. Aprendiendo de los urbanismos pop-up
Authors: Pitarch Alonso Pedro
Published: June 2024

A lo largo de las últimas décadas, los eventos urbanos en torno a programas efímeros se han multiplicado y consolidado. Los festivales de música constituyen un ejemplo modelo de una forma de urbanismo que dotada de presupuestos comparables a algunas morfologías más convencionales, genera urbanidad y co-construye nuestras sociedades desde un nuevo paradigma metropolitano menos dependiente de la forma que de la experiencia. Este artículo tratará de desarrollar cómo el 'evento urbano’ opera como arquitectura. Para ello se trazarán sus antecedentes históricos, identificando cómo la contracultura de los años 60 supuso un caldo de cultivo para un nuevo tipo efímero sustentado en lo que se podría denominar ‘urbanismos pop-up’. Se estudia el caso concreto de los Festivales Pop como materialización de esta morfología metropolitana y se identifican tres categorías que estudiadas a través de tres casos de estudio, definen los esquemas infraestructurales en torno a la relación del 'evento’ con el territorio y la ciudad. Glastonbury, Lollapalooza y Burning Man serán analizados para extraer las características particulares de cada categoría. Finalmente, se enunciarán las condiciones generales que definen este tipo urbano con fecha de caducidad en el que ‘forma arquitectónica’ corresponde a la ‘performace del evento’.
Integrar sin confinar. El espinoso desafío de ACNUR a la ayuda y arquitectura humanitaria
Authors: Núñez Martí Paz , Bravo Barahona Isabel
Published: June 2024

Desde su fundación en 1950 el Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados (ACNUR) ha liderado la política internacional de acogida de refugiados y desplazados forzosos, utilizando los campos de refugiados como principal instrumento de protección física. Aunque esta opción ha resuelto y resuelve las urgencias de acogida, suele enquistarse en el tiempo y no da alternativas viables de subsistencia y autonomía política, lo que ha llevado a las personas acogidas a vivir de la dependencia de la ayuda humanitaria, la indocumentación y la desesperanza, al contrario de lo esperado. Ante ello, en 2014 ACNUR aprobó la Política Alternativa a los Campamentos, enfocada en la acogida permanente de los refugiados en asentamientos consolidados para mejorar su inclusión y su calidad de vida. Más allá de los magros resultados hasta ahora obtenidos con esta nueva política, se presenta una reflexión crítica sobre las implicaciones sociales y espaciales de un enfoque de la protección que cuestiona la manera en que se ha entendido la ayuda y la arquitectura humanitaria, generando inéditos desafíos de diseño y gestión. Pese a las dificultades que presenta su aplicación, la nueva estrategia formula una serie de propuestas oportunas a las que, según nuestro entender profesional y académico, no se le está prestando la atención que merecerían.
Physical Fitness Status of Tertiary Students under the New Physical Activity towards Health and Fitness (PATHFit) Course: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors:   Far Eastern University, Institute of Education, Department of Graduate Studies and Transnational Education, C. Dimarucot Heildenberg ,   Polytechnic University of the Philippines, College of Human Kinetics, C. Aguinaldo Jerrwin ,   De La Salle University Manila Philippines, College of Education, C. Minas Geraldine ,   Polytechnic University of the Philippines, College of Human Kinetics, C. Cobar Alvin George ,   Ateneo De Manila University Philippines, Physical Education, School of Humanities,   University of the Philippines Diliman, Department of Sport Science
Published: June 2024

According to the latest findings of the World Health Organization (2022), most young people nowadays are deficient in fulfilling the global standard for moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activities. Concurrently, the issue of girls being less active than boys in most countries, including the Philippines, remains. To address this health issue, the Philippines’ Commission on Higher Education (CHED) implemented the new Physical Activity Towards Health and Fitness (PATHFit) Courses. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate existing program models that focused on developing students’ cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness. An exercise model underwent a quasi-experimental analysis using three fitness tests: Prone Bridge Test (PBT), 3-minute Step Test (STEP), and Wall Squat (WS). Results revealed that participants showed significant improvement after the 12-week fitness program, with p<0.01 in PBT, STEP, and WS scores. However, while differences in means were all significant (N=155), Cohen’s d results show that small to medium effects occurred for the three performance test scores after the treatment period. Effects also showed that female participants still exhibited lower effect magnitudes. These findings recommend developing innovative exercise models incorporating health motivation and gamification. It is also suggested that tertiary PE consider modified models for female students, addressing their sports fitness needs and attraction to sports participation. Lastly, the Philippine Commission should vigilantly endorse tertiary program models following the availability of exercise and sports scientists in institutes, effectively implementing PATHFit on the ground and improving the overall sports fitness of students.
The Association between Regular Sports Participation and Immune Status in College Students Using Immune Status Questionnaire
Authors:   Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Alvin Purwanto Christian , Sudiyono Nelson ,   Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Agung Prastowo Nawanto ,   Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rika Haryono Ignatio ,   Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences
Published: June 2024

College students may lack physical activity due to academic burden. This puts them at a higher risk of decreased immunity. This study aimed to investigate the association between sports participation and immune status. This was a cross-sectional retrospective study. Participants were 170 Atma Jaya Medicine and Health Science School students consisting of 59 boys (34.7%) and 111 girls (65.3%). Seventy-nine (46.5%) students participated in the Sports Students Club from December 2021 - December 2022, and 91 did not (53.5%). There were four sports, i.e., badminton, basketball, futsal, and volleyball. Data was taken from July-August 2023. Immune status was assessed using the Indonesian Immune Status Questionnaire (ISQ) version. The amounts of boys engaged in sports activity was significantly greater than girls [45(76.3%) vs 34(30.6%), p=0.001]. One hundred eleven students (65.3%) had good immune status, consisting of 65 girls (58.6%) and 46 boys (78%); 59 students (74.7%) participated in sports, and 52 students (57.1%) did not. Sex and sports participation were associated with immune status (p=0.000 and p=0.017, respectively). Students with good immune status had higher final ISQ scores than those with poor immune status (8.37±1.4 vs 3.84±1.4, p=0.000). Skin problems, headache, and muscle joint pain (MJP) were the three most common illnesses. Sports participation was a protective factor for skin problems, headache, and MJP (OR 0.27, 0.34, 0.41; 95%CI 0.14-0.53, 0.17-0.67, 0.20- 0.84; p=0.000, 0.002, 0.013, respectively). Regular sports participation is associated with favorable immune status. Sport participation could be a protective factor for some symptoms.
Effects of Post-Activation Performance Enhancement in Kayak Sprint Competition within Same Day
Authors:   Srinakharinwirot University, Faculty of Physical Education, Sports and Health, Department of Sports Science, Phongsri Krirkwit ,   The Rowing and Canoeing Association of Thailand (RCAT), Khamros Watunyou ,   Srinakharinwirot University, Faculty of Physical Education, Sports and Health, Department of Sports Science,   The Rowing and Canoeing Association of Thailand (RCAT), Peepathum Prasit ,   Srinakharinwirot University, Faculty of Physical Education, Sports and Health, Department of Sports Science,   The Rowing and Canoeing Association of Thailand (RCAT), Senakham Nutcharee ,   Srinakharinwirot University, Faculty of Physical Education, Sports and Health, Department of Sports Science,   The Rowing and Canoeing Association of Thailand (RCAT), Sriramatr Sonthaya ,   Srinakharinwirot University, Faculty of Physical Education, Sports and Health, Department of Sports Science, Senakham Tanormsak ,   Srinakharinwirot University, Faculty of Physical Education, Sports and Health, Department of Sports Science,   The Rowing and Canoeing Association of Thailand (RCAT)
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the post-activation performance enhancement in kayak sprint competitive simulation 2 times (S1 and S2) within the same day. This study was a crossover design, ten kayak sprint paddles national team performed different activations. All participants will be randomized crossover trials, get three interventions consisting of the Resistance program (2 x 4 x 80%1RM x Bench press and Bench row), Maximum sprint paddle (Ergometer all-out 2 x 10-sec x rest interval 2 min) and Control group (CON; Individual activity condition) followed 3-minute test (3MT). Maximum power, power average, stroke per minute, total distance, percentage of heart rate, and blood lactate concentration were recorded during the simulation competition. The main effect of the analysis showed that maximum power of the Resistance program was higher than the Control group in S1. The average power and total distance of the Resistance program in S2 were lower than in S1. Blood lactate concentration of the Resistance program and Maximum sprint paddle was higher than the Control group after the intervention, before the 3MT period, and remained rise until after 3MT, especially in S2. Also, blood lactate concentration before the intervention of the Resistance program in S2 was higher than in S1. The preconditioning by using the resistance or maximum sprint paddle improves maximum power only the first competition of the day. It seems that the resistance program leads to accumulated blood lactate concentration, and may decrease performance in the second competition of the day.
Aspectos Fundamentales del Cuidado de Enfermería
Authors: Pinargote Chancay Rosa Del Roció , Villafuerte Zorrilla Petita Michelle , Mastarreno Cedeño Mónica Patricia , Alonso Muñiz Gina Rosa , Menéndez Pin Tania Del Rocío , Reyes Reyes Estela Yadira , De Los Ángeles Zambrano Delia , Rivera Sánchez Dayana Karla , Parrales Choez Ana Joselyn , Robles Calle Verónica , Piguave Figueroa Tatiana Jazmín , Sornoza Pin Alba Amarilis , Ponce Lino Leonela , Castillo Merino Yasmin Alejandra
Published: June 2024

Los cuidados fundamentales de enfermería, que aquí se describen, `son aplicables a cualquier medio: el hogar, el hospital, la escuela, la industria, etc. El principio de derivar esos cuidados de las necesidades humanas puede servir de orientación, tanto en el fomento de la salud como en la prestación de servicios de atención a pacientes. Ese principio se aplica igualmente cuando la enfermera aconseja a una futura madre en buen estado de salud que cuando atiende a una persona postrada por la fiebre. En las instituciones que prestan exclusivamente servicios de salud, las enfermeras rara vez han de prestar cuidados materiales ni han de atender al estado emocional del individuo, que son precisamente las actividades a las que se hace referencia. No obstante, esperamos que las enfermeras que prestan servicio en escuelas y en fábricas encuentren que los cuidados fundamentales son tan adecuados a su labor como lo es para la enfermera de hospital o para aquélla que presta servicios a domicilio. Para todas ellas, el fomento de la salud va combinado con el servicio de atención al paciente. En realidad, se considera generalmente que las familias aceptan con más facilidad las prácticas encaminadas al fomento de la denominada “salud positiva” cuando las aconsejan las mismas personas que han prestado servicio durante una enfermedad, que es cuando la familia siente más la necesidad de ser atendida. En todo caso, la enfermera que trate de ayudar a mejorar el estado de salud de cualquier persona, tal vez encuentre una orientación útil en los elementos que integran los cuidados de enfermería. Quizás la enfermera los considere como base para elaborar su propio sistema para el fomento de la salud. Es innecesario decir que cuanto mejor sea el ejemplo de la enfermera, más probable será que influya constructivamente sobre otras personas. Hay que insistir, en que los cuidados fundamentales de enfermería, tienen por objeto servir de orientación a la partera que atiende a una madre sana, a la enfermera de un servicio de psiquiatría donde muchos pacientes pueden valerse por sí mismos y a la enfermera de una unidad de cirugía mayor, en que los pacientes, por lo menos por breve tiempo, necesitan extraordinaria atención material. Hay que señalar que el empleo de la palabra “enfermera” se debe a que en este campo predominan las mujeres, y no a que se considere menos valiosa la labor que realizan los hombres en estos servicios.
A longitudinal study on SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion, reinfection and neutralisation spanning several variant waves and vaccination campaigns, Heinsberg, Germany, April 2020 to November 2022
Authors: Schulte Bianca , Richter Enrico , Büning Antonia , Baum Maximilian , Breuer Annika , Zorn Jasmin , König Julia , Geiger Melanie , Eschbach-Bludau Monika , Heuser Johanna , Zölzer Dominik , Korencak Marek , Hollstein Ronja , Beins Eva , Emmert Dorian , Aldabbagh Souhaib , Eis-Hübinger Anna Maria , Streeck Hendrik
Published: June 2024

Background

Since its emergence in December 2019, over 700 million people worldwide have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 up to May 2024. While early rollout of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 has saved many lives, there was increasing immune escape of new virus variants. Longitudinal monitoring of population-wide SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses from regular sample collection irrespective of symptoms provides representative data on infection and seroconversion/seroreversion rates.

Aim

To examine adaptive and cellular immune responses of a German SARS-CoV-2 outbreak cohort through several waves of infection with different virus variants.

Methods

Utilising a 31-month longitudinal seroepidemiological study (n = 1,446; mean age: 50 years, range: 2–103) initiated during the first SARS-CoV-2 superspreading event (February 2020) in Heinsberg, Germany, we analysed acute infection, seroconversion and virus neutralisation at five follow-up visits between October 2020 and November 2022; cellular and cross-protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants were also examined.

Results

SARS-CoV-2 spike (S)-specific IgAs decreased shortly after infection, while IgGs remained stable. Both increased significantly after vaccination. We predict an 18-month half-life of S IgGs upon infection. Nucleocapsid (N)-specific responses declined over 12 months post-infection but increased (p < 0.0001) during Omicron. Frequencies of SARS-CoV-2-specific TNF-alpha+/IFN-gamma+ CD4+  T-cells declined over 12 months after infection (p < 0.01). SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies and neutralisation titres were highest in triple-vaccinated participants infected between April 2021 and November 2022 compared with infections between April 2020 and January 2021. Cross neutralisation against Omicron BQ.1.18 and XBB.1.5 was very low in all groups.

Conclusion

Infection and/or vaccination did not provide the population with cross-protection against Omicron variants.
Oropouche fever cases diagnosed in Italy in two epidemiologically non-related travellers from Cuba, late May to early June 2024
Authors: Castilletti Concetta , Mori Antonio , Matucci Andrea , Ronzoni Niccolò , Van Duffel Lukas , Rossini Giada , Sponga Pietro , D’Errico Maria Luca , Rodari Paola , Cristini Francesco , Huits Ralph , Gobbi Federico Giovanni
Published: June 2024

Oropouche fever is caused by Oropouche virus (OROV), transmitted primarily through the bite of infected midges, particularly of the genusCulicoides. The virus is mainly circulating in Central and South America where several countries reported an ongoing outbreak. We report here two imported cases of OROV infection identified in Italy, late May–early June 2024. These cases indicate that in the shadow of a massive dengue outbreak in the Americas, the Oropouche outbreak might be more widespread than previously estimated.
GƏNC BASKETBOLÇULARDA SÜRƏT VƏ GÜC QABİLİYYƏTLƏRİNİN İNKİŞAF DİNAMİKASI: PLİOMETRİK MƏŞQLƏR VƏ ZƏRBƏ METODUNUN TƏTBİQİ
Authors: K.S. Mammadova  , V.S. Valiyeva  , Z.A. Rasulova
Published: June 2024

Gənc basketbolçular üçün vasitələrin, metodların və onların dozasının optimal birləşməsini tapmaq təlimçilər üçün aktual problemdir. Şaquli və üfüqi məsafələri qət edərkən əzələ və iradi səylərin minimum müddət ərzində maksimum konsentrasiyasını artırmaq bacarığı basketbolçuların məşq prosesində çox mühüm rol oynayır. Zərbə metodunun və pliometrik məşqlərin köməyi ilə sürətgüc keyfiyyətlərinin inkişafı üçün hazırlanmış proqram məşq mərhələsinin I ilində basketbolçuların təlim məşqləri zamanı istifadə edilmişdir.
MÜRƏKKƏB KOORDİNASİYALI ATLETİKA NÖVLƏRİ ÜÇÜN 11-12 YAŞLI UŞAQLARIN SEÇİLMƏSİ METODİKASI
Authors: Kh.A. Khasanov  , H.A. Zeynalova
Published: June 2024

Uşaqların idmana, xüsusən də atletikaya seçilməsi məsələləri kifayət qədər öyrənilməmiş və uşaq və gənclər idmanının əsas problemlərindən biri olaraq qalır.
Azərbaycanda aparılan tədqiqatlar idman ehtiyatlarının hazırlanmasına mühüm töhfə verən perspektivli gənclərin seçilməsi üçün proqramlar hazırlamağa imkan verib.
PİLOTSUZ UÇUŞ АPАRАTLАRININ TƏTBİQİ İMKАNLАRININ АRАŞDIRILMАSI
Authors: E.K. Mehdiyev  , B.V. Mirzаyev
Published: June 2024

İkinci Qаrаbаğ və Rusiyа–Ukrаynа mühаribələrinin, eləcə də birsırа lokаl silаhlı münаqişələrin təcrübəsi göstərir ki, pilotlu аviаsiyаnın tətbiqi mümkün və yа məqsədəuyğun olmаdıqdа (düşmənin hаvа hücumundаn müdаfiə vаsitələrinin güclü əks-təsiri, döyüş əməliyyаtı rаyonundа rаdiаsiyа, kimyəvi və bаkterioloji silаhlаrdаn istifаdə olunduğu hаldа, eləcə də düşmənin uzun müddət ərzində müşаhidəsinə ehtiyаc olduqdа və s.) müxtəlifxаrаkterli tаpşırıqlаrın həlli üçün kəşfiyyаt məqsədli və yа silаhlı pilotsuz uçuş аpаrаtı (PUА) komplekslərindən istifаdə nəzərdə tutulur.
PUА-lаrın geniş tətbiqi müаsir mühаribələrin və döyüş əməliyyаtlаrının tаktikаsınа xeyli təsir etmişdir. Belə ki, bu mühаribələrdə döyüş əməliyyаtlаrının аpаrılmаsının qeyri-ənənəvi formаlаrındаn, yüksək dəqiqliyə və hədəfseçmə imkаnlаrınа mаlik silаhlаrdаn istifаdə edilir, mühаribə dövründə informаsiyа qаrşıdurmаsınа dаhа çox üstünlük verilir, kompüter modelləşdirilməsi, yeni idаrəetmə və kəşfiyyаt sistemləri, o cümlədən PUА kəşfiyyаt sistemləri geniş tətbiq olunur. Müаsir PUА komplekslərinin, eləcə də süni intellektli silаh sistemlərinin genişmiqyаslı tətbiqi döyüş əməliyyаtlаrının аpаrılmа üsullаrını və perspektiv silаh sistemlərinin texniki göstəricilərini dəyişmiş, onlаrın tətbiqi effektivliyini xeyli аrtırmış, şəxsi heyətin itkilərini minimumа endirmişdir. Kəşfiyyаt tаpşırıqlаrının icrаsı zаmаnı PUА kompleksi, ilk növbədə göstərilən ərаzinin kəşfiyyаtını аpаrır, stаsionаr və yа hərəkətdə olаn düşmən obyektlərinin yerini аşkаr edir, koordinаtlаrını müəyyənləşdirir və yа görüntülərini birbаşа komаndа məntəqəsinə ötürür.
The application of the organizational learning perspective in explaining the government's internal auditor’s role development
Authors: Wisdana Monika Yustia , Winardi Rijadh Djatu , Halim Abdul , Frendy
Published: June 2024

The management of mineral and coal non-tax state revenue (PNBP Minerba) requires urgent attention and improvement, which can be achieved through appropriate oversight of internal auditors. This study assesses the efficacy of internal audit role development through an organizational learning perspective. Authors interviewed eleven informants from internal auditors of the inspectorate and auditees from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (KESDM) of the Republic of Indonesia. The data corroborates our theoretical framework within organizational significance theory, which states that the interconnection of the relationship between internal auditors and auditees, the internal audit process, and internal auditor resources culminates in the "results zone." Within this zone, internal audits yield effective outcomes that can positively influence the organization’s significance. This research reveals that auditees feel that an internal auditor’s findings and recommendations can influence their organization. This perspective can enhance PNBP Minerba management system and foster learning and organizational change. However, internal auditor recommendations have not effectively spurred organizational learning in KESDM, implying that KESDM is still in the developmental phase. This study stands out for its qualitative exploration of organizational characteristics, particularly the interplay between internal auditors and auditees, the internal audit process, and internal auditor resources.
The role of obedience pressure and self-monitoring in public procurement fraud: An experimental analysis
Authors: Marundha Amor , Herianti Eva , Anggraini Dahlia Tri
Published: June 2024

Fraud in public procurement is a critical issue; it erodes public trust and disrupts service delivery. Understanding the factors behind procurement fraud is vital for creating effective prevention strategies. While previous studies have linked obedience pressure to unethical behavior, they have not fully examined the role of self-monitoring. This study addresses this gap by investigating the impact of obedience pressure on fraudulent procurement behaviors, with self-monitoring as a moderating factor. Using an experimental method and a 2x2 factorial design, the study involved accounting students from the University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta. Findings indicate that self-monitoring significantly influences the relationship between obedience pressure and fraud: high self-monitoring individuals do not reduce fraudulent behavior under obedience pressure, unlike their low self-monitoring counterparts. Conversely, highly self-monitoring individuals exhibit less fraud when not under obedience pressure compared to those who experience such pressure. The study concludes that regardless of self-monitoring levels, subordinates tend to follow superior orders, underscoring the need for strict supervision to curb unethical practices. This research enhances attribution theory by highlighting that obedience pressure from superiors is a key factor driving fraud in the procurement process.
Refik Halid Karay’ın Memleket Hikâyeleri’nde kadın görünümleri ve sosyal tenkit unsuru olarak kötücül kadınlar
Authors: Kaplan Zehra
Published: June 2024

Refik Halid Karay (1888-1965), genç yaşta sürgün olarak gönderildiği Anadolu şehirlerinde gözlemlediği memleket gerçekliğini bütün doğallığıyla ve her hâliyle âdeta ünü adıyla yarışan kitabı Memleket Hikâyeleri’nde hikâyeleştirir. İlk kez 1919 yılında Orhaniye Matbaasında basılan bu hikâyeler, dilinin sadeliği ve zenginliğinin yanında büyülü Anadolu gerçekliğinin dışına çıkarak memleket meselelerine objektif yaklaşımıyla mevcut sosyal problemleri açıkça ortaya koyar. Bu çalışmada kullanılan İnkılâp Kitabevinin 2017 baskısında Yatık Emine, Şeftali Bahçeleri, Koca Öküz, Vehbi Efendi’nin Şüphesi, Sarı Bal, Şaka, Küs Ömer, Boz Eşek, Yatır, Komşu Namusu, Yılda Bir, Hakkı Sükût, Kuvvete Karşı, Cer Hocası, Garip Bir Hediye, Bir Taarruz, Ayşe’nin Talihi ve Garaz olmak üzere toplam 18 hikâyesi yer alır. Rüşvet, adam kayırma, yozlaşmış ve liyakatsiz bürokrasi, aydın-halk çatışması gibi pek çok sorunu bu hikâyelerine konu etme cesareti gösteren Karay, kapalı toplum yapısının biçimlendirdiği kadını da bir sosyal tenkit unsuru olarak hikâyelerine dâhil eder. Memleket Hikâyeleri’nde yetersiz ve geri planda kalmış kadın imajının yanı sıra ‘dişi beden’ olarak tanımlanmış ve bu bağlamda kötücül kahramanlara dönüştürülmüş kadınlar ile karşılaşılır. Ancak Sarı Bal dışında bu kadınlar şeytani amaçları olan, karşı konulamaz cazibeleriyle erkekleri baştan çıkararak onların ekonomik gücünü, toplumsal statülerini ve eril düzenlerini sarsmayı arzu eden, suça eğilimli ve kaotik bir görünüme sahip değildir. Onların toplum normallerinin dışında bir hayat sürüyor olmaları, kendi arzularıyla değil, zorunluluktan ileri gelir. Kültürel yapıdaki kadın algısıyla bağlantılı olarak kadın, bedeni ve cinselliği üzerinden düşünülür, bu minvalde kadının dış görünümü öne çıkarılarak fiziksel özellikleri ayrıntılarıyla tasvir edilir. Bilinçli olarak ötekileştirilen kadın, eril iktidarın ve yozlaşmış eril düzenin yeniden üretilmesi için işe yarar bir metaya dönüştürülür. Bu çalışma, bir merkez olarak taşranın yozlaşmışlığına ilişkin sosyal tenkitte, ayrılıkçı bir bakışla zayıflatıcı özellikler yüklenen kadının ne şekilde kurgulandığını sorgulamayı amaçlamaktadır.
İlhami Emin'in şiirlerinde varoluşsal yansımalar
Authors: Ulus Gökçe
Published: June 2024

İlhami Emin, Rumeli coğrafyasında yaşamış, Türkçeye büyük eserler kazandıran çok yönlü bir sanatçıdır. Şair, gazeteci, tercüman, radyo programcısı ve devletin önemli kademelerinde görev almış bir kültür insanıdır. İlhami Emin, birden fazla kültür ve dille erken yaşta tanışmasının, yaşadığı toprakların politik gerçekliklerindeki zorlukların üstesinden başarıyla gelmiştir. Kişiliğini sanatına tutunarak güçlendirmiştir. Onun şiirlerinde farklı söyleyiş ve anlam özellikleri bulunmasının yanı sıra felsefi bir derinlik de bulunur. Kâinatı, insanı ve bireyin varoluşunu anlamlandırma çabasının felsefi düzlemdeki en temel çıktılarından olan varoluş felsefesi İlhami Emin’e yabancı olmamalıdır. Aile kültüründen devraldığı inanç mirasını yaşatan şair, İslâm’ı Melâmî anlayışa göre yaşarken sanat ve felsefeyle beslemiştir ki şiirlerinin çoğunda varoluş felsefesiyle paralel doğrultuda sorgulamalar ve çıkarımlar göze çarpar. Bu çıkarımlar İlhami Emin’in katı bir varoluşçu olduğu anlamına elbette gelmez; fakat pek çok düşünce sistemine yön veren varoluşçu düşünceye hâkim olduğu düşüncesini ortaya koyar. İlhami Emin’in hayatının bir yerinde, varoluşçu düşünür Jean Paul Sartre ile bir arada bulunması; mısralarında yer verdiği önerme ve yaklaşımların varoluşçu felsefenin de temel değerleri olması şairin sanatına artı değer kattığını gösterir. İnanç (iman) kavramını insanın birey olmasında, varoluş gerçekliğinde bir mihenk taşı olarak konumlandıran varoluşçu düşünürler Sartre ve özellikle Kierkegaard’ın fikirleriyle şairin fikirleri arasında ortaklıklar tespit edilmektedir. Onun şiirlerinde sorgulayan, sorgulatan, düşündüren, kıyaslayan bir yaklaşım vardır. Hareket, eyleyen olma, değişme, dönüşme, doğa düşüncesi, varlık, yokluk, sevgi, barış, evrensellik sıklıkla karşılaşılan değerlerdir. İslâmî kültürde karşılık bulan bu değerleri Melâmîler de temele almaktadır. Şairin bütün şiirlerinde tek konu ya da değer bunlar olmamakla birlikte, sanatçı tarafından bunlar ustalıkla işlenmiş ve varoluş sorgulamaları yinelenmiştir.
Eski Anadolu Türkçesinde Hak Çalap dizisi üzerine
Authors: Uysal Bilal
Published: June 2024

Dillerin en önemli özelliklerinden birisi sürekli devinim içinde olmalarıdır. Türkçe tarih içinde Tanrı adlarının oldukça farklı kullanımlara sahne olmuştur. Türkçenin en eski yazılı metinlerinden günümüze kadar Türklerin bütün inanç sistemlerinde Tanrı sözcüğünün kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Günümüzde Tanrı sözcüğü daha çok deyimler, atasözleri, kalıp sözler vb. içinde kullanılmaktadır. Buna karşılık Türklerin İslâmiyeti kabulü ile birlikte Türkçede kullanılmakta olan Tanrı adlarının (örneğin Ugan, Bayat) veya Türkçe sözcük köklerinden türetilen Tanrı adlarının (örneğin İdi, Törütgen) daha yoğun kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Bu arada müelliflerin İslâm inancında yaygın olan esmâi hüsnâyı (Allah’ın 99 ismi) ve Allah’ın sıfatlarını nadir de olsa aynı eserlerde kullanmalarından bu terminolojiyi iyi bildikleri, fakat halkın anlayacağı bir tebliğ dilini benimsedikleri anlaşılmaktadır. İslâmiyetin Türkler arasında daha fazla yaygınlaşması ile birlikte müelliflerin bildikleri ve nadir olarak kullandıkları İslâmî Tanrı adlarının giderek halk tarafından da anlaşılması ve kullanılmasıyla birlikte bu adlar edebî eserlerde de yaygın olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Batı Türkçesi içinde Eski Anadolu Türkçesi, Osmanlı Türkçesine geçişte ara bir basamak teşkil eder. Bu basamak işlevi Tanrı adlarının kullanımı açısından da görülmektedir. Yalnızca Eski Anadolu Türkçesi metinlerinde tanıklanan Hak Çalap (Yüce, Ulu Allah) dizisinde Hak sözcüğünün hem sıfatlaşması hem de gösterileni belirginleştirmesi söz konusudur. Dönem metinlerinden alınan örneklerde yalnız başına kullanılan Hak (Allah, gerçek) sözcüğünün bir taraftan dizi içinde sıfatlaşarak yüce, ulu anlamlarına geldiği, diğer taraftan da İslâmiyet öncesi Tanrı anlayışından farklı olarak İslâm Tanrı inancını vurguladığı, ön plana çıkardığı anlaşılmaktadır.