bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MCDA4ArcMap : An Open-Source Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and Geovisualization Tool for ArcGIS 10
Authors: Rinner Claus , Voss Steffan
Published: May 2021

When faced with important decisions, we tend to base our decision-making on a rational framework, which often includes multiple decision criteria. Spatial decision problems have been characterized as a set of geographically defined decision alternatives (locations) with associated criterion values (e.g., Malczewski 1999). Within Geographic Information Systems (GIS), multi-criteria decision analyses (MCDA) tools have been used for decision support in environmental, transportation, and urban/regional planning, in waste management, as well as in hydrology, agriculture, and forestry, to name but a few areas of application (Malczewski 2006). Often, MCDA tools are only loosely coupled with GIS software (e.g., calculations completed in a spreadsheet) or take the form of custom implementations in a GIS scripting/programming environment. Few GIS vendors have integrated generic MCDA functionality in their products, with the notable exceptions of Idrisi’s Multi-Criteria Evaluation module and ArcGIS’ Overlay Toolset. Both of these operate on raster data layers using map algebra operations to combine cell values into an evaluation score for each candidate location (raster cell). In this technical note, we present “MCDA4ArcMap”, an open-source tool for MCDA and geovisualization of vector data in Arc-Map. The analytical functionality of the tool includes three MCDA methods: weighted linear combination (WLC), ordered weighted averaging (OWA), and a local variant of WLC (LWLC). WLC corre-sponds to the weighted overlay tool that readers may know from ArcGIS. As an extension of the criterion importance weighting in WLC, the OWA method allows the decision-maker to specify a de-gree of risk in their approach to decision-making. OWA has been implemented previously in Idrisi (Jiang & Eastman 2000). The recently proposed LWLC (Malczewski 2011) adjusts criterion impor-tance weights with regards to the local range of criterion values. Criterion weights are increased in a neighbourhood, if their local range is large relative to their global range in the study area, or decreased if the local range is relatively small. This approach ad-heres to the range-sensitivity principle that stipulates that criterion weights should depend on the ranges of criterion values occurring in a specific decision problem.
The evolving relationship between government and the voluntary sector in Ontario
Authors: Meinhard Agnes G. , Foster Mary K. , Berger Ida , Moher Louise
Published: May 2021

[First paragraph of Introduction]: In this paper, we investigate the evolving relationship between government and voluntary organizations in Ontario that is occurring in the wake of a prolonged period of funding cuts. The cuts are a manifestation of a major philosophical shift in government-third sector relations. We have already examined the impact of this shift on voluntary organizations in several papers (Foster and Meinhard, 2002; Meinhard and Foster, 2003a & b). We now turn our attention to the government sector and its vision for the future.

Keywords: CVSS, Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Working Paper Series,TRSM, Ted Rogers School of Management

Citation:
Review [untitled]
Authors: Rawkins Phil
Published: May 2021

Review [untitled]
Roles and Relationships for Making Ergonomics Change: Results of a 2-Day focus
Authors: Neumann Patrick , Wells R. P. , Norman Robert , Jeans Brian , Dubblestyne Dan , Harvey Heather , Peter Otto
Published: May 2021

Roles and Relationships for Making Ergonomics Change: Results of a 2-Day focus
Investigating Bundled Approaches To Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Toronto 2030 District
Authors: Ritsma Patrick
Published: May 2021

Building energy models are an effective tool for evaluating energy reduction opportunities in both design phase and post-occupancy scenarios. By merging building energy models with city scale building stock data, it is possible to analyze energy performance at a greater breadth, providing more informed policy decisions and solutions to energy demand asymmetries in urban metropolises. This study examines the energy reduction potential for office buildings in the Toronto 2030 District, by testing individual and bundled energy conservation measures and greenhouse gas reduction strategies using a reference building energy model. When extrapolated across Toronto’s urban core, simulation results determined that standard interventions on the existing office building stock have the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by as much as 91.5%, in line with 2030 District initiatives.
Web-based Spatial Decision Support: Status and Research Directions
Authors: Rinner Claus
Published: May 2021

This paper summarizes research on Web-based spatial decision support systems (WebSDSS). The review distinguishes early server-side from more recent client-side applications. A third category of WebSDSS focusing on spatial decision support in public participation is typically implemented as a mixed client/server-based system. Conclusions drawn from previous work include the need for systematic user studies of WebSDSS, and the adoption of interoperable architectures for distributed spatial decision support. Furthermore, a conceptual framework is proposed to facilitate further studies of WebSDSS methods.
Caring for and Teaching Children of Refugee Parents
Authors: Bernhard Judith K. , Freire Marlinda
Published: May 2021

[para. 1]: "Case Study. Amahl and Fatuma were peasant farmers in a country undergoing a ferocious civil war. The grain they grew and animals they raised could at any moment be confiscated by the government or by the insurgents. As well, Amahl and Fatuma could be conscripted to carry supplies for the army troops."
The Politics of Ornament: Remediation and/in The Evergreen
Authors: Janzen Kooistra Lorraine
Published: May 2021

In “towards a theory of the periodical genre,” Margaret Beetham observes that “the material characteristics of the periodical ... have consistently been central to its meaning” (22–23). In particular, Beetham emphasizes, “the elation of blocks of text to visual material is a crucial part of ” the periodical’s processes of signification and the reader’s experience of making meaning out of its time-stamped yet open-ended issues (24). While this theoretical position underlies much excellent critical work in periodical studies, it is less evident in the electronic repositories on which research in the field increasingly relies. In this paper, I examine what it might mean to inform our digitization practices with a theory of the periodical hypertext as a remediated object. Focusing on the specific editorial problem of periodical pages decorated with textual ornaments, I take as my case study The Evergreen: A Northern Seasonal (1895 to 1897), a Scottish magazine scheduled for markup and publication on The Yellow Nineties Online. Making remediated Celtic ornament a structural feature of its aesthetic design and an integral expression of its larger political agenda, the Evergreen reminds us of what is at stake if our own electronic remediation practices are not adequate to the periodical objects we study.
Solving Exchange Rate Puzzles with neither Sticky Prices nor Trade Costs
Authors: Moore Michael J , Roche Maurice J
Published: May 2021

We present a simple framework in which both the exchange rates disconnect and forward bias puzzles are simultaneously resolved. The flexible-price two-country monetary model is extended to include a consumption externality with habit persistence. Habit persistence is modeled using Campbell Cochrane preferences with „deep‟ habits. By deep habits, we mean habits defined over goods rather than countries. The model is simulated using the artificial economy methodology. It offers a neo-classical explanation of the Meese-Rogoff puzzle and mimics the failure of fundamentals to explain nominal exchange rates in a linear setting. Finally, the model naturally generates the negative slope in the standard forward market regression. 
Thunder Bay: Local news is important for conversations on reconciliation
Authors: Lindgren April
Published: May 2021

[Paragraphs 1 to 3] The Ontario city of Thunder Bay is in the headlines these days for all the wrong reasons. Canada’s
highest rates of murder and violent crime. The highest number of hate crimes per capita. Systemic racism embedded in shoddy police investigations. The deaths — many unexplained — of Indigenous students who come to the city for education not available in their remote northern communities.

For years these troubles and the inequitable relationship between the Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations in the city festered. Then in the spring of 2011, the Toronto Star began publishing reporter Tanya Talaga’s stories about the deaths of seven young Indigenous students over the previous decade.

What had been a local story vaulted into national headlines. Talaga’s reporting became the basis for her 2017 award-winning book Seven Fallen Feathers: Racism, Death and Hard Truths in a Northern City.
Undocumented Migrant Communities in Cities: Negotiating Legal and Legitimate Status from Below
Authors: Olakpe Oreva
Published: May 2021

This paper examines the literature on cities, citizenship and performative rights claiming through the lens of undocumented migrant status, using ethnographic research of the Nigerian community in the city of Guangzhou, China as an example. It begins with a background of the research, delineating the context of migration in China and the factors shaping the perceptions of citizenship and undocumented status in that locale. Next, it delves into the literature on citizenship and rights claiming, looking at the approaches to citizenship and tries to situate undocumented migrant status in these approaches. It then relies on examples for the city of Guangzhou to illustrate how undocumented migrant communities perform citizenship and negotiate legal and legitimate status through alternative channels and resist hegemonic structures in big cities in real life. This paper unpacks the ways in which undocumented migrants exhibit citizenship, belonging and agency from below to demonstrate the different meanings and manifestations of agency, marginality and asymmetries of power in big cities in the Global South.
Assessing semester-long student team design reports in large classes to provide individual student grades.
Authors: Salustri Filippo , Neumann Patrick
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a method and tool to achieve a trade-off between workload on assessors of semester-long team-based design projects in large classes, with the need for fair and comprehensive assessments of each student individually. Students “book time” throughout the semester, recording their level of input into each project element. They each provide totals for time spent on each element of their final reports. The instructor assesses each design report as if one person wrote it. These data are combined into a single rubric/spreadsheet. The rubric scales report assessments to accommodate differences in team size, and generates a unique grade for each student in a team. Examples are given in the paper, as are details from the implementation of the method in a Fall 2015 introductory design course. There is anecdotal evidence that the method works, but there is always room for improvement. Several ideas for future modifications to method are discussed. All spreadsheets, documentation, and examples are freely available via the Web. Links are provided.
Keywords: engineering design, teamwork, project, assessment, individual grading.
Crystal Structure of trans-Bis[2-(p-fluorophenyl)-2-oxazolinek1N] platinum(II) dichloride]
Authors: Yadav Paras N. , Gossage Robert A. , Decken Andreas
Published: May 2021

The title material was synthesised by the treatment of PtCl2 with 2-(4′-fluorophenyl)-2-oxazoline in a MeOH solution. The crystal system is monoclinic (space group P21/n; Z = 2); the unit-cell dimensions are a = 7.7152(7)Å, b = 11.517(1)Å, c = 11.168(1)Å with β = 110.123(2)°; V = 931.8(2)Å3). The final R value was 0.0149 (2030 observed reflections: I > 2σ(I)). The Pt atom coordinates with two N-bound oxazolines in addition to two (transoidally disposed) chloride atoms; these interactions result in a square planar geometry around the metal center.
When Reality Meets the Mobile Imaginary: Exploring Constraints in Mobile Technology Use
Authors: Middleton Catherine A.
Published: May 2021

When Reality Meets the Mobile Imaginary: Exploring Constraints in Mobile Technology Use
Cracking The Code: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of The Canadian Code Of Ethics For Psychologists
Authors: Ward Ashley
Published: May 2021

Hailed as “possibly the best psychologists’ code of ethics anywhere in the world” (Hadjistavropoulos, 2009, p. 4), the Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists represents a powerful ethical and professional standard for practitioners of psychology. This ethical code boasts a strong theoretical and empirical basis, prediction and consistency, high educational value and relevance, and an empowering advantage for its users – psychologists. Yet, critical and feminist examinations of the CPA Code have identified problems with the Code, including its underlying structure and values, lack of regard for social justice, and ignorance of human subjectivity. These scholars’ critiques expose the problematic ideology of the CPA Code, throwing into question the ethical implications of this ethical code. Joining this broader project of critical psychology examining the undercurrents and effects of power in the discipline, this dissertation seeks to understand how the CPA Code produces ethical-professional practices and subjectivities. Framing this research within discourse, power, and governmentality or “the conduct of conduct,” I draw on the work of Michel Foucault and Foucauldian-informed psychologists to interrogate the ways in which the “ethical” practitioner is produced by the CPA Code. Further interested to explore the ethical-professional constructions of individuals and groups of people historically marginalized in Canadian society, I also analyze the CPA Code’s supplementary documents Guidelines for Ethical Psychological Practice with Women (CPA, 2007) and the Guidelines for Non-discriminatory Practice (CPA, 2001). This discourse analysis discovers the many dominant and appropriated discourses of the CPA Code, subject positions, as well as the discursive rules reinforcing the discourse practices and subjects. Dominant discourses constructing the CPA Code are science, objectivity, competence, expertise, legal, managerialism, and risk management discourses. Appropriated discourses are critical inquiry, betterment of society, and morality discourses. Sites where discursive rules are reproduced are education and training, licensure and regulation, ethical decision-making, consultation, and misconduct adjudication. Subjectivities of psychologists and clients are discussed. These findings are contextualized within Foucauldian theory and the broader critical psychology literature.
A Matter of Choice : a Critical Discourse Analysis of ECEC Policy in Canada's 2006 Federal Election
Authors: Richardson Brooke
Published: May 2021

This paper used a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to analyze the representation of Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) in the 2006 federal election in Canada. Using Fairclough's approach to CDA, the study analyzed written documents including newspaper articles from The Globe and Mail and The National Post, the policy platforms of the Liberal and conservative parties, and political speeches from party leaders. The "choice" discourse was found to be dominant in the majority of texts examined. A dominant discourse is one that is created and sustained by those with power thus contributing to hegemony in society. Three textual and discourse processes were found to legitimize the "choice" discourse and contribute to its dominance: rationalization, nominalization and conversationalization. It is suggested that the language used in public documents throughout this election and the subsequent dominance of the "choice" discourse may have had a significant impact on citizens' understanding and appreciation of the complexities of the ECEC issue.
What's faith got to do with it?
Authors: Maclean Paul , Meinhard Agnes , Bridgemohan Areeta
Published: May 2021

“What’s faith got to do with it?” In this paper we explore the multilayered role of faith in two food banks in Toronto. We are drawing on a larger study of five partnerships between faithbased organizations and others for the common good, a study that unpacks the interesting dynamics of collaborations involving at least one faith partner. In the selection we have made for our present paper, the reader can expect to find a description and analysis of those dynamics as they pertain to individuals, groups, religious and secular organizations, new immigrants and long time residents, a rich variety of faith groups—all around the issues of having enough to eat, human dignity and the formation of community.
When we use the word “faith” we are aware of the multiplicity of meanings carried by the term. There is a basic distinction, famously formulated by Wilfred Cantwell Smith, between the faith that animates and is held by an individual and ‘a faith’ in the sense of a world religion, which has a history, traditions, sacred texts, liturgy, normative practices, teachings, creeds, buildings, authorized leaders— in short all the characteristics of a religion established over many centuries. Of course, there is a symbiotic relationship between the personal and the institutional. Each enlarges and enriches the other; neither can exist without the other.

Keywords: CVSS, Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Working Paper Series,TRSM, Ted Rogers School of Management

Citation:
Transforming faculty development programs from face-to-face to blended/hybrid environments
Authors: Hanna Dalia
Published: May 2021

Faculty development programs are critical to the success of the learning and teaching process in higher education. With the rapid development of blended courses there is a need to transform the face-to-face faculty development programs to blended programs. The transformation requires instructors to examine new teaching methods and techniques, and obtain new skill set to ensure the success of the learning process and students’ engagement in the new environment. Blended teaching is not just about transferring part of the training course online, but involves creating online activities that engage learners and complement the face-to-face activities. The role of the instructors changes from lecturer to facilitator of learning, coach and collaborator. Through participation in blended learning environments, instructors could experiment the new teaching strategies in a collaborative and safe environment.

This paper presents the process, benefits and challenges of transforming the Instructional Skills Workshop (ISW) for instructors from a three-day twenty four hours intensive format to four-week blended format. The Instructional Skills Workshop is peer-based training in which participants interact and present lessons in small groups to develop effective instructional skills through the use of constructive feedback strategies. Strategies associated with the re-design process which is based on the instructional design theories and principles will be presented. The paper presents data from formative and summative evaluations on communication, instructional skills and course design. The recommendations will address best practices that could be used to transform many faculty development programs from face-to-face to blended formats.

Keywords: Hybrid, Online, Blended Teaching, Blended Learning, Faculty Development Programs,
Instructional Skills.
The Mobile Experience at Ryerson
Authors: McCarthy Graham , Wilson Sally
Published: May 2021

Presented at Digital Odyssey, June 11, 2010.
Emerging Trends in Virtual Reality for Gaming: an assessment of best practices from research and development in the gaming industry
Authors: Harley Daniel , Nolan Jason , Walsh Anthony , McQuiggan Eric
Published: May 2021

Virtual reality is a new and rapidly changing medium, with best practices still emerging at various locations across the industry. This white paper summarizes industry research and development focusing on player experience and comfort, particularly interventions that seek to mitigate the effects of Simulator Sickness. In order to better collate, evaluate and understand the variety of approaches and practices across the gaming industry, Phantom Compass partnered with the Ryerson’s Responsive Ecologies Lab to develop and playtest three prototypes that employ the current best practices in an effort examine lessons learned and expand current VR design.
Process Mapping to Understand the Role of Human Factors in Design
Authors: Lim Aileen J. , Neumann Patrick , Salustri Filippo
Published: May 2021

Integrating human factors
considerations into the design of production systems can improve productivity
and quality results while reducing injury risks to system operators. The
researchers are currently conducting an action research study with a Canadian
electronics manufacturer to improve their production system design process
(PSDP), and thereby their production systems, by integrating human factors
(HF). One of the first requirements is a clear understanding of the PSDP as a
means of identifying and coordinating process improvements. Since there is no
accepted approach to PSDP ‘mapping’, methodological development is needed. A
proposed methodology for assessment of PSDPs is described. Data collection
includes a combination of interview, observational, and document sources.
Analysis uses a general inductive approach to develop a process ‘map’. Mapping
options to be assessed for utility include decision trees, cross-functional
diagrams, actor-network analyses and concept maps. The developed map will then
be verified by company personnel and subsequently used in developmental
workshops to help the design team identify possible process improvements. As
part of the ‘action research’ methodology, researchers will make observations
and field notes to better understand how such process maps can best be created
and communicated to company personnel. Challenges include gaining access to
confidential company data, and experience shows that the active participation
of company personnel in data collection speeds and enhances this process. The
utility of the PSDP maps to support process improvement efforts remains to be
studied.
The talented Mr. Robot: The impact of automation on Canada’s workforce
Authors: Lamb Creig
Published: May 2021

Emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and advanced robotics, have the potential to fundamentally change our work and daily lives. In recent years, the understanding of how these technological trends will impact employment has been at the forefront of many recent public debates. Each week there seem to be more and more articles being released about how “robots are taking our jobs.”

For the most part, this rich discussion has been driven by the work of many prominent academics and researchers. Unsurprisingly, there are many competing viewpoints. Some argue that disruptive technology will be the driving force behind massive unemployment. Others posit that any potential job loss will likely be offset by productivity increases and employment growth. Despite the extensive literature, this discussion is largely taking place without the
use of Canadian data. Although, we know that Canadians are not immune from the effects of automation, and that technological trends will likely have enormous implications for many Canadian industries. But the gap in Canadian-specific knowledge often means that we lack the tools to understand the impact of automation within our own borders. This limits our ability to begin to plan for potential disruption.

We therefore felt that it would be useful to apply the findings from the existing literature to the Canadian workforce. To do so, we used methodologies both from both Oxford professors Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael A. Osborne and from management consulting firm McKinsey & Company, which have been employed in other jurisdictions, and applied them both to Canadian data for the first time. It is our goal to help Canadians better understand the effects that automation can have on our labour force.

Overall we found that nearly 42 percent of the Canadian labour force is at a high risk of being affected by automation in the next decade or two. Individuals in these occupations earn less and are less educated than the rest of the Canadian labour force. While the literature suggests that these occupations may not necessarily be lost, we also discovered that major job restructuring will likely occur as a result of new technology. Using a different methodology, we found that nearly 42 percent of the tasks that Canadians are currently paid to do can be automated using existing technology.

But the data does not paint an entirely negative picture. Using the Canadian Occupation Projection System (COPS), we found that the occupations with the lowest risk of being affected by automation are projected to produce nearly 712,000 net new jobs between 2014 and 2024. As with any type of forecasting exercise, there are always going to be uncertainties associated with the predictions. However, we do hope that this study provides a tool to help guide future decision-making.
The Crystal Structure of bis-(μ-N-ethyl-Nphenyldithiocarbamato- S,S’)-bis[(N-ethyl-Nphenyldithiocarbamato- κ2S,S’)zinc(II)]
Authors: Gossage Robert A , Jenkins Hilary A
Published: May 2021

The title material crystallises in the triclinic crystal system in space group P-1 with Z = 2. The unit cell dimensions are a = 8.7365(6)Å, b = 10.6009(7)Å, c = 12.0210(8)Å with α = 66.343(1)°, β = 79.566(1)°, γ = 83.150(1)° and V = 1001.6(1)Å3. The final R value is 0.0307 (3905 observed reflections: I >2σ(I)). The compound is best described as a species in which each metal atom is coordinated to two dithiocarbamato groups, one of which forms a secondary bridging interaction (through a S-atom) to a second [Zn(S2CNEtPh)2] unit. Thus, the title material is in the form of a dimeric aggregate. This complex is compared to related materials which contain N-atoms within the dithiocarbamato ligand that are derived from secondary amines containing two different organic functionalities.
Municipal Communication Strategies and Ethnic Media: A Settlement Service in Disguise
Authors: Lindgren April
Published: May 2021

The Canadian Federation of Municipalities has declared cities the “unofficial welcome wagon” for new Canadians. Research suggests, however, that they embrace settlement and integration policies to varying degrees. While scholarly examinations of municipal policies include analyses of corporate communications strategies, efforts by city governments to reach residents through ethnocultural news media have received little attention. To address that gap, this study investigates why the suburban community of Brampton, Canada adopted one of the most proactive ethnic media strategies in the country in 2015 when, just a decade earlier, it was for the most part unresponsive to the needs of its burgeoning immigrant population. As a starting point, the case study uses the determinants of municipal responsiveness identified by Kristin R. Good (2009) in Municipalities and Multiculturalism: The Politics of Immigration in Toronto and Vancouver. Employing a mixed methods approach, it concludes that rapid demographic change, the emergence of an activist political leadership, and efforts to reduce friction between newcomers and other residents influenced Brampton’s communications policy over time. The case study identifies challenges associated with adopting an ethnic media strategy, including issues related to translation and the relative lack of sophistication of some ethnic media outlets. Furthermore, it demonstrates that reaching out to ethnocultural communities via ethnic media requires more than just distributing news releases in English. Translation of these releases has the potential to increase municipal news coverage in ethnic media, the paper suggests, if only because it makes it easier for smaller news organizations to report on such matters
A Systems Perspective on Volunteered Geographic Information
Authors: Fast Victoria , Rinner Claus
Published: May 2021

Conference Presentation:

Presentation (by V.F.) at the Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG), Los Angeles, USA, 9-13 April 2013.
Symmetry Adapted Assur Decompositions
Authors: Nixon Anthony , Schulze Bernd , Sljoka Adnan , Whiteley Walter
Published: May 2021

Assur graphs are a tool originally developed by mechanical engineers to decompose mechanisms for simpler analysis and synthesis. Recent work has connected these graphs to strongly directed graphs and decompositions of the pinned rigidity matrix. Many mechanisms have initial configurations, which are symmetric, and other recent work has exploited the orbit matrix as a symmetry adapted form of the rigidity matrix. This paper explores how the decomposition and analysis of symmetric frameworks and their symmetric motions can be supported by the new symmetry adapted tools.
The Role of Metal Components in the Cardiovascular Effects of PM2.5
Authors: Niu Jingping , Liberda Eric , Qu Song , Guo Xinbiao , Li Xiaomei , Zhang Jingjing , Meng Junliang , Yan Bing , Li Nairong , Zhong Mianhua , Ito Kazuhiko , Wildman Rachel , Liu Hong , Chen Lung Chi , Qu Qingshan
Published: May 2021

Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) increases risks for cardiovascular disorders (CVD). However, themechanisms  and  components  responsible  for  the  effects  are  poorly  understood.  Based  on  our  previous  murineexposure studies, a translational pilot study was conducted in female residents of Jinchang and Zhangye, China, totest the hypothesis that specific chemical component of PM2.5 is responsible for PM2.5 associated CVD. Daily ambientand personal exposures to PM2.5 and 35 elements were measured in the two cities. A total of 60 healthy nonsmokingadult  women  residents  were  recruited  for  measurements  of  inflammation  biomarkers.  In  addition,  circulatingendothelial  progenitor  cells  (CEPCs)  were  also  measured  in  20  subjects.  The  ambient  levels  of  PM2.5  werecomparable  between  Jinchang  and  Zhangye  (47.4  and  54.5μg/m3,  respectively).  However,  the  levels  of  nickel,copper, arsenic, and selenium in Jinchang were 82, 26, 12, and 6 fold higher than Zhangye, respectively. The levelsof  C-reactive  protein  (3.44±3.46  vs.  1.55±1.13),  interleukin-6  (1.65±1.17  vs.  1.09±0.60),  and  vascular  endothelialgrowth  factor  (117.6±217.0  vs.  22.7±21.3)  were  significantly  higher  in  Jinchang.  Furthermore,  all  phenotypes  ofCEPCs were significantly lower in subjects recruited from Jinchang than those from Zhangye. These results suggestthat specific metals may be important components responsible for PM2.5-induced cardiovascular effects and that thereduced capacity of endothelial repair may play a critical role. 
A Systems View of Bioinspiration: Bridging the Gaps
Authors: Salustri Filippo , Hoeller Norbert , Farnsworth Margo , Jacobs Shoshanah , Chirazi Jacques , Mead Taryn , Goel Ashok
Published: May 2021

This paper provides an overview of biom*, an umbrella term for biomimicry, biomimetics, bio-inspired design and related fields. The paper explores three levels of biom* bridging, discusses benefits and implications of adopting a systems perspective, and proposes initiatives for further development. Searching for ‘sweet spots’ leveraging the synergy between aspiration, our growing knowledge of natural systems, and the market economy will improve the ability of biom* to deliver meaningful and impactful solutions.
Resistor-network formulation of forced convection in asymmetrically-heated channels - hydrodynamically-developed laminar flow
Authors: Naylor David , Foroushani Seyed Sepehr Mohaddes , Wright John L.
Published: May 2021

The computation of forced-convective heat transfer from the walls of an asymmetrically heated channel to the fluid passing through in a laminar, hydrodynamically-developed flow is known as the asymmetric Graetz problem. Several analytical and numerical solutions for this problem have been published and many variations and extensions have been investigated. Recently, there has been a renewed interest in this problem due to its applications in emerging areas such as microchannels and fuel cells. In the present work, the asymmetric Graetz problem is examined in a resistor-network framework. The formulation of the problem in terms of three convective resistances leads to temperature-independent Nusselt numbers that are free of the singularities found in previous results. The proposed approach also offers more detail regarding the split of heat transfer between the channel walls and the flow. This work is part of an ongoing project on resistor-network modeling and characterization of multi-temperature convection problems.
(Free) Single Sign On Solution
Authors: McCarthy Graham
Published: May 2021

Presented at ECIUG 09 - Ryerson University, April 3rd 2009.
Rethinking Multicultural Planning: An Empirical Study of Ethnic Retailing
Authors: Zhuang Zhixi Cecilia
Published: May 2021

The recent waves of immigration have dramatically impacted urban landscapes and economies of Canada’s largest metropolitan regions. One notable phenomenon is the rise of ethnic retail strips and centers as physical markers of increasing multiculturalism. The dynamics of ethnic retailing pose various opportunities and challenges for municipalities; yet, our knowledge of its complexities is limited and current literature on multicultural planning offers little useful guidance in planning practice. This study examines three retail strips in the inner city of Toronto, namely East Chinatown, the Gerrard India Bazaar, and Corso Italia, and one suburban Asian theme mall, the Pacific Mall in the City of Markham in an attempt to identify the role of urban planning in responding to the rise of ethnic retail neighbourhoods. The findings of the four cases indicate that urban planners have been unable to intervene actively in ethnic retail and direct its development and growth. The planning legislative structure and the lack of policy support hinder planners’ capacity to be proactive. Planners cannot work alone to build multicultural cities. This paper concludes on the importance of municipal intervention interdepartmental collaboration as useful implications for multicultural planning practice.

Résumé:
Les récentes vagues d'immigration ont considérablement affecté les paysages urbains et les économies des plus grandes régions métropolitaines du Canada. Un phénomène remarquable est la montée de bandes ethniques de détail et des centres en tant que marqueurs physiques de multiculturalisme croissant. La dynamique du commerce de détail ethnique posent diverses opportunités et des défis pour les municipalités, et pourtant, notre connaissance de sa complexité est limitée et la littérature actuelle sur la planification multiculturelle offre peu d'indications utiles pour planifier la pratique. Cette étude porte sur trois bandes de détail dans le centre-ville de Toronto, à savoir East Chinatown, le Gerrard India Bazaar et Corso Italia, et un centre commercial de banlieue thème asiatique, Pacific Mall dans la ville de Markham dans une tentative d'identifier le rôle des villes la planification pour répondre à la hausse des quartiers ethniques de vente au détail. Les résultats de ces quatre cas indiquent que les urbanistes ont pu intervenir activement dans ethnique détail et orienter son développement et sa croissance. La structure de la programmation législative et le manque de soutien politique entravent la capacité des planificateurs d'être proactif.
Les planificateurs peuvent pas travailler seul à construire des villes multiculturelles. Cet article conclut sur l'importance de l'intervention municipale et la collaboration interministérielle comme conséquences utiles pour la pratique de planification multiculturelle.
Intergenerational Transmission of Abilities and Self Selection of Mexican Immigrants
Authors: Caponi Vincenzo
Published: May 2021

Building on Borjas (1993) I develop an intergenerational model of self-selection of migration and education that allows for a more complex selection mechanism. In particular, it allows for the possibility that immigrants are selected differently depending on the schooling level they choose. As in Mayer (2005) I assume that agents are endowed with two abilities and use the intergenerational structure of the model to infer potential earnings of a person for different levels of education and in different countries. This makes it possible to quantify the ability or self selection bias of estimates of the return to education and migration. The model is estimated using data on Mexicans in the US from the CPS and on Mexicans residents in Mexico from the Mexican census. The findings are that there is a significant loss of human capital faced by immigrants that is not transmitted to their children. While immigrants are observed to earn less because they find it difficult to adapt their skills to the host country, their children earn more because they can inherit all the abilities of their parents, including that part that could not be used for producing earnings. Moreover, Mayer (2005) proves that the positive correlation between the two abilities creates a positive correlation between parentsÕ earnings and the probability that children attend college. In this paper, I find that this result is reinforced for migrants when they care about their children. In the case of immigrants, parents with larger amounts of intellectual ability tend to migrate more and tend to choose to remain high school educated. However, they migrate with the expectation of their children becoming college educated. Therefore, measures that rely on the earnings performance and educational attainment of immigrants underestimate the amount of human capital they bring into the host country.
Postoperative patient education: a systematic review
Authors: Fredericks Suzanne , Guruge Sepali , Sidani Souraya , Wan Teresa
Published: May 2021

Knowledge of the effects of the specific approach, mode of delivery, and dose of educational interventions is essential to develop and implement effective post-operative educational interventions. Understanding the relationships of patient characteristics to outcomes is important for educational interventions. Purpose and methodology: The purpose of this systematic review was to examine who would most benefit from post-operative education, given in what type of approach and mode, and at what dose? The sample included 58 studies involving 5271 participants. Major results: Findings indicate delivery of post-operative patient education through the individualization of content, use of combined media for delivery, provision of education on a one-on-one basis, and in multiple sessions is associated with improvement in educational/health outcomes. Samples that contained individuals younger than 50 years of age and higher percentages of males showed benefits in outcomes of moderate magnitude. Application: The results highlight the importance of attending to the characteristics of both the elements of post-operative educational interventions and the individual patients in the design and delivery of patient education.
Term Structure Linkages Among the New EU Countries and the EMU
Authors: Koukouritakis Minoas , Michelis Leo
Published: May 2021

This paper uses cointegration and common trends techniques to investigate empirically the expectations hypothesis of the term structure of interest rates in the 10 new EU countries, and the 2 core EMU countries, France and Germany. By decomposing each term structure into its transitory and permanent components, we also analyze the possible short run and long run linkages among the term structures of these countries. The empirical results support the expectations theory of the term structure for all countries except Malta. Further, they point to both weak short run linkages and several strong long run linkages among the monetary policies of the 10 new EU and the core of the EMU. The group of the Central Europe and countries and Latvia are prominent in the latter case.
Term Structure Linkages Among the New EU Countries and the EMU
Authors: Koukouritakis Minoas , Michelis Leo
Published: May 2021

Term Structure Linkages Among the New EU Countries and the EMU
The Local News Map : transparency, credibility, and critical cartography
Authors: Lindgren April , Corbett Jon
Published: May 2021

Widespread disruption has made tracking what is happening to local journalism in Canada a challenge. The Local News Map is a crowdsourced web-based mapping tool that invites the public to contribute information about local newsroom startups, closings, and service reductions/increases. As concerns mount about the future of local journalism, the map’s data are cited with increasing frequency and it has the potential to influence debate, policy, and other research. Taken at face value, the map is a straightforward tracking device. A critical assessment of the assumptions, decision-making, and biases underpinning the map, however, illustrates that nothing is ever quite that simple. Researchers have called for a more critical and reflective approach to the application of geographic information technologies to mapping. This article draws on theories of critical cartography to evaluate the Local News Map’s biases, limitations, and strengths with a view to enhancing its credibility as a research tool.

Keywords : local news, mapping, local journalism, participatory mapping, crowdsourcing, critical cartography
Leading Change in Nonprofit Organizations
Authors: Meinhard Agnes
Published: May 2021

Seldom in the history of humanity has either the pace or variety of change been greater than that witnessed in the past three decades (Homer-Dixon, 2000). The revolution in communication and technology has made the world a smaller and vastly more interconnected place. The ripple effects of this revolution extend to the very structure of our society:

Keywords: CVSS, Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Working Paper Series,TRSM, Ted Rogers School of Management
Getting Mobile
Authors: Wilson Sally , McCarthy Graham
Published: May 2021

Presented at the TRY 2009, University of Toronto, May 5th 2009.
Structuring student volunteering programs to the benefit of students and the community: the Ontario experience
Authors: Foster Mary K. , Meinhard Agnes G.
Published: May 2021

[First paragraph of Introduction]: One of the many challenges facing the nonprofit sector in Canada today is developing public awareness of the important role of voluntary organizations in the everyday lives of Canadians. Ranging from food banks, children’s aid societies, and immigrant service organizations, to opera companies and sporting societies, nonprofit and voluntary organizations perform important functions in society.

Keywords: CVSS, Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Working Paper Series,TRSM, Ted Rogers School of Management

Citation:
Applying Patient Centered Care to the Design and Implementation of Cardiovascular Surgical Interventions: Implications for Practice
Authors: Fredericks Suzanne , Lapum Jennifer L. , Hui G.
Published: May 2021

[para. 1]: “Patient centered care (PCC) is a dynamic and individualized approach to care delivery (Lapumet al, 2012). It encompasses the integration of an individual's values, beliefs, and preferences regarding their overall health and well-being in the design and implementation of all health care related activities (Hebert, 2010). It is a way of providing care that incorporates patient’ ideals into the design and provision of services that are provided (Berwick, 2009). Thus, a PCC approach requires practitioners to be respectful and inclusive of the patient as a participating care partner (Kitsonet al, 2013). Through the use of PCC, a relationship between the patient and the healthcare provider is formed, which is needed to facilitate the PCC process. This approach to delivering care moves away from the task-centered and\or disease-focused method that has dominated healthcare over the past century (Hobbs, 2009).”
Empirical Issues in Lifetime Poverty Measurement
Authors: Hoy Michael , Thompson Brennan Scott , Zheng Buhong
Published: May 2021

This paper demonstrates the implications of adopting an approach to measuring poverty that takes into account the lifetime experience of individuals rather than simply taking a static or cross-sectional perspective. Our approach follows the theoretical innovations in Hoy and Zheng (2008) which address various aspects of the specific pattern of any poverty spells experienced by an individual as well as a possible retrospective consideration that an individual might have concerning his life experience as a whole. For an individual, our perspective of lifetime poverty is influenced by both the snapshot poverty of each period and the poverty level of the permanent lifetime consumption; it is also influenced by how poverty spells are distributed over the lifetime. Using PSID data for the US, we demonstrate empirically the power of alternative axioms concerning how lifetime poverty should be measured when making pairwise comparisons of individual lifetime profiles of consumption (income) experiences. We also demonstrate the importance of taking a lifetime view of poverty in comparing poverty between groups by use of the classic FGT ‘snapshot’ poverty index in conjunction with period weighting functions that explicitly reflect concerns about the pattern of poverty spells over individuals’ lifetimes.  
Settlement and social capital : strengthening futures for newcomer children and society
Authors: Colbert Judith
Published: May 2021

The concept of social capital may serve as a framework for supporting the settlement of newcomer children. Social capital may be an especially important asset for newcomers, though its value depends on the extent to which it supports social norms and the willingness of social institutions, like schools, to resist exclusionary practices. Research confirms a positive
relationship between parents’ social capital and children’s wellbeing, although analysis suggests that indicators reflecting US upper-middle class norms may have limited application for newcomer populations. Other research shows that
even at a young age, children are capable of building their own social capital. Efforts to help newcomer children accumulate their own social capital have the potential to support their successful settlement, leading to positive short-and long- term outcomes for them and their families while reducing the likelihood of precarious futures for all members of society.

Key Words: social capital, newcomer children, settlement, family, community