bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh jejaring industri lurik terhadap pengembangan Desa Wisata Tenun Tradisional Tlingsing, Klaten
Authors: Yudhasesa Nasa Rosa , Aliyah Istijabatul , Yudana Galing
Published: July 2020

Pola jejaring industri lurik tradisional merupakan suatu pola yang terbentuk berdasarkan aktivitas industri lurik tradisional yang dihubungkan dengan sistem transportasi, yang meliputi aktivitas pengadaan bahan baku, proses produksi hingga pemasaran. Aktivitas industri lurik tradisional berpengaruh terhadap keberlanjutan proses produksi tenun lurik tradisional di Desa Tlingsing. Desa Tlingsing pada tahun 2011 telah ditetapkan sebagai Desa Wisata tenun Tradisional sehingga pola jejaring yang terbentuk berdasarkan aktivitas industri juga akan berdampak dengan pengembangan Desa Wisata Tlingsing. Jumlah pengrajin lurik dan pengunjung desa wisata Tlingsing dari tahun 2011-2017 mengalami peningkatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pola jejaring industri lurik tradisional terhadap pengembangan desa wisata Tlingsing. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis skoring dan analisis regresi linier berganda untuk mengetahui pengaruh pola jejaring industri lurik tradisional terhadap pengembangan desa wisata Tlingsing. Berdasarkan analisis regresi linier berganda didapatkan hasil tingkat pengaruh pola jejaring industri lurik tradisional terhadap pengembangan desa wisata Tlingsing dari pengaruh lemah – kuat yaitu (1) rumah makan, (2) dekat dengan jalan raya dan fasilitas transportasi, (3) toko cinderamata, (4) pusat informasi, (5) atraksi yang unik, (6) moda transportasi, (7) rambu jalan, (8) akomodasi, (9) ATM, dan (10) adanya masyarakat atau organisasi pengelola desa wisata.
Jayengan Kampung Permata ditinjau dari kesesuaian terhadap konsep pariwisata berkelanjutan
Authors: Haque Aprillia , Astuti Winny , Mukaromah Hakimatul
Published: July 2020

Pariwisata merupakan salah satu industri yang memberikan kontribusi besar terhadap  perkembangan ekonomi di Indonesia. Namun disisi lain sektor pariwisata merupakan salah satu faktor utama kerusakan lingkungan. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya upaya pengendalian dengan penerapan konsep pariwisata berkelanjutan. Pariwisata berkelanjutan adalah konsep pembangunan yang memperhatikan keseimbangan aspek lingkungan, sosial dan ekonomi. Kota Surakarta memiliki visi sebagai Eco-Cultural City, visi ini sejalan dengan konsep sustainable development dan menandakan bahwa Kota Surakarta sudah mulai memperhatikan pentingnya penerapan prinsip pariwisata berkelanjutan. Jayengan Kampung permata adalah sebuah kampung wisata dengan ciri khas industri kerajinan permata. Dalam perkembangannya kampung ini mengalami permasalahan yang menyangkut tentang aspek – aspek keberlanjutan yaitu kegiatan wisata minim partisipasi masyarakat, kurang memperhatikan lingkungan dan belum memberikan dampak ekonomi bagi masyarakat sekitarnya. Untuk itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesesuaian Jayengan Kampung Permata terhadap konsep pariwisata berkelanjutan, secara keseluruhan dan berdasarkan pada lima komponen wisata yaitu atraksi, amenitas, infrastruktur, aksesibilitas dan kelembagaan. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis kuantitatif  yaitu  teknik analisis scoring. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa Jayengan Kampung Permata masuk dalam klasifikasi sesuai sebagai kawasan wisata berkelanjutan.
Perhitungan waktu tempuh koridor Jl. Sukarno-Hatta
Authors: Waloejo Budi Sugiarto , Prayitno Gunawan
Published: July 2020

Tarikan dan bangkitan tata guna lahan, pergerakan antar kota atau antar kawasan pusat kota dengan sub pusat kota, atau subpusat kota dengan subpusat kota lainnya menyebabkan terjadinya penumpukan arus pergerakan lokal yang menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan waktu tempuh pada ruas jalan.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui model interaksi tata guna lahan-sistem jaringan jalan di Kawasan Jl. Sukarno-Hatta Kota Malang; mengetahui komponen-komponen yang berpengaruh terhadap penentuan estimasi waktu tempuh; dan menganalisa model hubungan arus lalu lintas dengan penentuan estimasi waktu tempuh. Metode analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan analisis kualitatif, metode korelasional (metode Pearson Product Moment), dan analisis kuantitatif yang meliputi analisis regresi metode Stepwise, analisis ANOVA, analisis sistem perparkiran, analisis perhitungan kapasitas jalan, analisis tingkat pelayanan jalan. Hasil analisis sensitivitas menunjukkan bahwa rekayasa lalu lintas dapat memperbesar kapasitas ruas jalan terutama yang berada di frontage area guna mencapai tingkat pelayanan jalan ideal. Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah dibutuhkan rasio yang merupakan representasi dari karakteristik pergerakan bangkitan/tarikan tiap-tiap guna lahan pada setiap jamnya. Pengembangan guna lahan campuran (mixed use) yang diharapkan dapat mengurangi pergerakan antar tata guna lahan ternyata menimbulkan pengaruh terhadap peningkatan estimasi waktu tempuh pada ruas jalan tersebut. Komponen yang mempengaruhi estimasi waktu tempuh di Jl. Soekarno Hatta adalah kemacetan dan lama traffic light.
Supporting Inclusive Teaching Practice within a UK Further and Higher Education context.
Authors: Johnson Kevin , George Tema
Published: July 2020

The proportion of students with disabilities in Further and Higher Education has increased by 60% in recent years (Oxford Brookes University, 2014) with the highest rates in creative institutions (University of Leeds, 2015) (Richards and Finnigan, 2015). Students with a disability are less likely to get a good degree (2:1 or above), more likely to perceive their courses as low quality, and have a lower rate of employability than people without disabilities (Disabled Students Sector Leadership Group, 2017). The current research project aims to respond to such findings by supporting teaching staff to cultivate a culture of inclusive practice. This will be achieved by conducting a literature review, internal and external staff interviews, a student survey, and sharing comprehensive findings and recommendations.
Please don’t put your phones away: the application of learning technology in UK Higher Education, presenting a Framework for Implementation
Authors: Zhou Xue , Wolstencroft Peter , Orim Stella-Maris Izegbua
Published: July 2020

The aim of this research is to identify best practice when adopting new learning technologies in UK higher education. Although technology is widely used in institutions and often has a positive impact on the students’ learning experiences, there is only limited research designed to help lecturers with its implementation. This research presents a critical review and assessment of the practices being incorporated in higher education teaching, learning from both students’ and lecturers’ experiences. The outcome of two case studies are presented where Tophat and Socrative learning technology tools have been used in the classroom. The findings highlight the challenges and best practice.. Based on the case studies and the critical review of other, similar research, a Learning Technology Conceptual Implementation Framework has been developed, which offers guidance on the implementation of learning technology in the classroom.
Editorial team 13, 2
Authors: Keyms Gillian
Published: July 2020

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Editors' Introduction 13, 2
Authors: George Rachel , Yang Yang
Published: July 2020

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Leakoff and Flowback Experiments on Tight Carbonate Core Plugs
Authors: Tran Son , Habibi Ali , Dehghanpour Hassan , Hazelton Mike , Rose Jeff
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we investigate the change in oil effective permeability (koeff) caused by fracturing-fluid (FF) leakoff after hydraulic fracturing (HF) of tight carbonate reservoirs. We perform a series of flooding tests on core plugs with a range of porosity and permeability collected from the Midale tight carbonate formation onshore Canada to simulate FF-leakoff/flowback processes. First, we clean and saturate the plugs with reservoir brine and oil, and age the plugs in the oil for 14 days under reservoir conditions (P = 172 bar and T = 60°C). Then, we measure koeff before (baseline) and after the leakoff process to evaluate the effects of FF properties, shut-in duration, and plug properties on regained permeability values.

We found that adding appropriate surfactants in FF not only significantly reduces koeff impairment caused by leakoff, but also improves koeff compared with the original baseline for a low-permeability carbonate plug. For a plug with relatively high permeability (kair > 0.13 md), freshwater leakoff reduced koeff by 55% (from 1.57 to 0.7 md) while FF (with surfactants) reduced koeff by only 10%. The observed improvement in regained koeff is primarily because of the reduction of interfacial tension (IFT) by the surfactants (from 26.07 to 5.79 mN/m). The contact-angle (CA) measurements before and after the flowback process do not show any significant wettability alteration. The results show that for plugs with kair > 0.13 md, FF leakoff reduces koeff by 5 to 10%, and this range only increases slightly by increasing the shut-in time from 3 to 14 days. However, for the plug with kair < 0.09 md, the regained permeability is even higher than the original koeff before the leakoff process. We observed 28.52 and 64.61% increase in koeff after 3- and 14-day shut-in periods, respectively. This observation is explained by an effective reduction of IFT between the oil and brine in the pore network of the tight plug, which significantly reduces irreducible water saturation (Swirr) and consequently increases koeff. Under such conditions, extending the shut-in time enhances the mixing between invaded FF and oil/brine initially in the plug, leading to more effective reductions in IFT and consequently Swirr. Finally, the results show that the regained permeability strongly depends on the permeability, pore structure, and Swirr of the plugs.
Pertussis outbreak in Southern Ethiopia: challenges of detection, management and response
Authors: Mitiku Aychiluhim Damtew , Argaw Mesele Damte , Desta Binyam Fekadu , Tsegaye Zergu Taffesse , Atsa Afework Ayele , Tefera Bekele Belayihun , Teferi Ephreme , Rogers Deirdre , Beshir Ismael Ali , Gebeyehu Asrat , Anjulo Desta , Abate Derebe Tadesse , Sendeku Agegnehu Gebru , Mulowa Rudzani
Published: July 2020

Background: Despite the availability of effective vaccines, pertussis remains endemic with high fatality rates in low and middle-income countries (LMIC).This study aims to describe an outbreak of pertussis in a health district of Ethiopia. The study highlights the challenges faced by the health system in identifying pertussis cases and appropriately responding to the outbreak at the district level.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using data sourced from the District Public Health Emergency and Management (PHEM) surveillance service and outbreak management field reports. Stratified attack rates and fatality rates for pertussis are described. Systemic problems leading to the outbreak are explored and narrated. A modified CDC pertussis case definition was employed with a polymerase chain reaction used to confirm cases.Results: From September 2018 to January 2019, 1840 suspected, probable, and confirmed pertussis cases and six deaths were identified. Pertussis cases ranged from 1 month to 51 years in age. An outbreak occurred in 14 out of the 24 villages of Dara Malo district. The overall attack rate was 1708 per 100,000 population with a fatality rate of 3.3 per 1,000 pertussis cases. The highest attack rate of 12,689/100,000 was seen in infants. Among confirmed, probable and suspected pertussis cases, only 41.1% had completed the three-dose pertussis vaccine's primary schedule. The household survey revealed a population coverage of 73.4% and 40.8% for Pentavalent vaccine dose one and three respectively. Investigations suggested the existence of a poor cold chain management system in the study area.Conclusions: There is an urgent need to build capacity to strengthen routine vaccination services and improve the maintenance of the vaccine cold chain. Other LMICs are urged to take lessons learned from this outbreak to strengthen their own vaccination programs and capacitate health workers to manage local outbreaks.
Small intestinal mucosal injury and its risk factors in patients with gastrointestinal cancer who developed complicated fluoropyrimidine-induced diarrhea
Authors: Sakumura Miho , Ando Takayuki , Hosokawa Ayumu , Nakajima Takahiko , Motoo Iori , Mihara Hiroshi , Ueda Akira , Kajiura Shinya , Nanjo Sohachi , Fujinami Haruka , Ogawa Kohei , Yasuda Ichiro
Published: July 2020

Background: Diarrhea is a common adverse event of fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy. However, limited data are available on the frequency and risk factors of complicated chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CID) and small intestinal mucosal damage. In this current study, we aimed to determine the incidence of complicated CID and mucosal injury among patients with complicated CID receiving fluoropyrimidine via small bowel capsule endoscopy (CE) and determined baseline risk factors associated with complicated CID.Methods: In total, 536 patients with advanced or recurrent gastrointestinal cancer who received fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. Diarrhea was evaluated using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4. Complicated CID was defined according to the American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines. To evaluate small intestinal mucosal injury in patients with complicated CID, CE was performed. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors for complicated CID.Results: Total number of 32 (6%) patients developed complicated CID. Complicating symptoms were noted in 25 (78%) patients, with cramping, vomiting, and sepsis being observed in 15 (60%), 8 (32%), and 3 (12%) patients, respectively. Among the 13 patients who underwent CE, 11 (85%) showed abnormal findings. Multivariate analysis revealed that oral fluoropyrimidine administration was a risk factor for complicated CID (odds ratio, 2.95; 95% confidence interval, 1.06–8.19).Conclusions: Despite the relatively low incidence of complicated CID, mucosal injury of small intestine was common in patients with complicated fluoropyrimidine-induced diarrhea and oral fluoropyrimidine was an independent risk factor.
A qualitative investigation of lived experiences of long-term health condition management with people who are food insecure
Authors: Douglas Flora , MacIver Emma , Yuill Chris
Published: July 2020

Background: As more people are living with one or more chronic health conditions, supporting patients to become activated, self-managers of their conditions has become a key health policy focus both in the UK and internationally. There is also growing evidence in the UK that those with long term health conditions have an increased risk of being food insecure. While international evidence indicates that food insecurity adversely affects individual’s health condition management capability, little is known about how those so affected manage their condition(s) in this context. An investigation of lived experience of health condition management was undertaken with food insecure people living in north east Scotland. The study aimed to explore the challenges facing food insecure people in terms of, i. their self-care condition management practices, and ii. disclosing and discussing the experience of managing their condition with a health care professional, and iii. notions of the support they might wish to receive from them. Methods : Twenty in-depth interviews were conducted with individuals attending a food bank and food pantry in north east Scotland. Interview audio recordings were fully transcribed and thematically analysed.Results : Individuals reporting multiple physical and mental health conditions, took part in the study. Four main themes were identified i.e.: 1. food practices, trade-offs and compromises, that relate to economic constraints and lack of choice; 2. illness experiences and food as they relate to physical and mental ill-health; 3. (in)visibility of participants’ economic vulnerability within health care consultations; and 4. perceptions and expectations of the health care system.Conclusions : This study, the first of its kind in the UK, indicated that participants’ health condition management aspirations were undermined by the experience of food insecurity, and that their health care consultations in were, on the whole, devoid of discussions of those challenges. As such, the study indicated practical and ethical implications for health care policy, practice and research associated with the risk of intervention-generated health inequalities that were suggested by this study. Better understanding is needed about the impact of household food insecurity on existing ill health, wellbeing and health care use across the UK.
The Effects of Mechanical Insufflation-Exsufflation on Lung Function and Complications in Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Wu Meng-Fang , Wang Tsai-Yu , Chen Da-Shen , Hsiao Hsiu-Fong , Hu Han-Chuang , Chung Fu-Tsai , Lin Ting-Yu , Lin Shu-Min
Published: July 2020

Background: Postoperative positive pressure lung expansion is associated with decreased pulmonary complications and improved clinical outcomes. The aim of the present study was to compare the differences in post-operative pulmonary complications and clinical outcomes between two groups of study subjects who underwent cardiac surgery; one included subjects who received mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MI-E) and the other included subjects who received intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB) therapy. Methods: This retrospective study included 51 subjects, who underwent cardiac surgery in an intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital during the time period from June 2017 to February 2018. After liberation from mechanical ventilation, the subjects received lung expansion therapy by means of two types of positive pressure devices, MI-E (n=21) or IPPB (n=30). The pulmonary complications, lung function, and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results: Subjects in both groups displayed similar baseline characteristics and underwent similar types of surgical procedures. Compared to subjects who received non-oscillatory therapy, those who received MI-E therapy had higher post-operative force vital capacity (58.4±4.74 % vs. 46.0±3.70 %, p=0.042), forced expiratory volume in one second (62.4±5.23 % vs. 46.8±3.83 %, p=0.017), and peak flow rate (67.1±5.53 L vs. 55.7±4.44 L p=0.111). However, the incidence of chest pain was higher in the MI-E group (n=13, 61.9%) than in the IPPB group (n=4, 16.7%; odds ratio, 0.123, 95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.45; p=0.002). The length of hospital and ICU stay, development of atelectasis, pneumonia, and pleural effusion were similar in both the groups. Conclusion : Both IPPB and MI-E therapies have similar effects on preventing post-operative complications in cardiac surgery patients. However, compared to IPPB therapy, MI-E therapy was associated with better-preserved pulmonary function and higher incidence of chest pain.
LINC02418 promotes colon cancer progression by suppressing apoptosis via interaction with miR-34b-5p/BCL2 axis
Authors: Tian Jun , Cui Peng , Li Yifei , Yao Xuequan , Wu Xiaoyu , Wang Zhirong , Li Chunsheng
Published: July 2020

Background LncRNAs have been demonstrated to be functional regulators in tumor progression through interaction with various signaling pathways in multiple cancer types. However, the effect of LINC02418 on CRC progression still remains unclear. Methods LncRNA expression profile in CRC tissues was explored by using the TCGA database. The expressional level of LINC02418 in CRC patients was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Kaplan-Meier analyses was used to investigate the correlations between LINC02418 and OS of patients with CRC. After stably transducing sh-LINC02418 and sh-NC into HCT116 and LoVo cells, cell proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities were detected by CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay and trans-well assay, respectively. The binding between LINC02418 and miR-34b-5p, and the interaction between miR-34b-5p and BCL2 were determined by dual-luciferase assay. Western blot experiments were conducted to further explore the effect of miR-34b-5p on BCL2 signaling pathway. Rescue experiments were performed to uncover the role of LINC02418 /miR-34b-5p/ BCL2 axis in CRC progression. Results LINC02418 was upregulated in human colon cancer samples and its high expression correlated with poor prognosis. LINC02418 promoted cancer progression by enhancing tumor growth, cell mobility and invasiveness of colon cancer cells. Additionally, LINC02418 could physically bind to miR-34b-5p and subsequently interact with BCL2 signaling pathway. Down-regulation of LINC02418 reduced cell proliferation, but transfection of miR-34b-5p inhibitor or BCL2 in LINC02418-silenced colon cancer cells significantly promoted cell growth. Conclusions LINC02418 was upregulated in human colon cancer samples and could be used as indicator for prediction of prognosis. LINC02418 acted as a tumor driver by negatively regulating cell apoptosis through LINC02418 /miR-34b-5p/ BCL2 axis and in colorectal cancer.
Evaluation of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women using dot-immunogold-silver staining with recombinant Toxoplasma gondii peroxiredoxin protein
Authors: Liu Zhuan-Zhuan , Li Xue-Yan , Fu Lin-Lin , Yuan Fei , Tang Ren-Xian , Liu Yi-Sheng , Zheng Kui-Yang
Published: July 2020

Background: Toxoplasma gondii infection endangers human health and affects animal husbandry. Serological detection is the main method used for epidemiological investigations and diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. The key to effective diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is the use of a standardized antigen and a specific and sensitive detection method. Peroxiredoxin is an antigenic protein and vaccine candidate antigen of T. gondii that has not yet been exploited for diagnostic application. Methods: In this study, recombinant T. gondii peroxiredoxin protein (rTgPrx) was prepared and used in dot-immunogold-silver staining (Dot-IGSS) to detect IgG antibodies in serum from mice and pregnant women. The rTgPrx-Dot-IGSS method was established and optimized using mouse serum. Furthermore, serum samples from pregnant women were analyzed by rTgPrx-Dot-IGSS.Results: Forty serum samples from mice infected with T. gondii and twenty negative serum samples were analyzed. The sensitivity and specificity of rTgPrx-Dot-IGSS were 97.5% and 100%, respectively, equivalent to those of a commercial ELISA kit for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibody. Furthermore, 540 serum samples from pregnant women were screened with a commercial ELISA kit. Eighty-three positive and 60 negative serum samples were analyzed by rTgPrx-Dot-IGSS. The positive rate was 95.18%, comparable to that obtained with the commercial ELISA kit.Conclusions: The Dot-IGSS method with rTgPrx as an antigen might be useful for diagnosing T. gondii infection in individuals.
Evidence of vector borne transmission of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Gallinarum and fowl typhoid mediated by the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778)
Authors: Cocciolo Giulio , Circella Elena , Pugliese Nicola , Lupini Caterina , Mescolini Giulia , Catelli Elena , Borchert-Stuhlträger Monika , Zoller Harmut , Thomas Emmanuel , Camarda Antonio
Published: July 2020

Background: The poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer 1778) is a major ectoparasite of poultry. Infestations are found in most laying hen farms in Europe, and breeder flocks have also been reported to be affected. Mite infestation has detrimental effects on animal welfare, are a cause of significant economic losses, and D. gallinae is often considered as a pathogen vector. Despite suspicion of a close relationship between the poultry red mite and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum ( S. Gallinarum), the causative agent of fowl typhoid (FT), there has been no definitive proof of mite-mediated transmission. Therefore, an investigation was conducted to determine if D. gallinae -mediated transmission of S. Gallinarum could be demonstrated among four different hen groups.Methods: Two groups of 8 hens (A and B) were experimentally infected with S. Gallinarum in two isolators. After seven days, when birds showed signs of FT, about 25,000 mites were introduced. After 3 days, mites were harvested and used to infest other two hen groups of 8 (C and D), in two separate isolators. Health status of hens was constantly monitored; detection and quantification of S. Gallinarum were performed by PCR and qPCR from mites and organs of dead hens. The maximum likelihood estimation of the infection rate and mite vectorial capacity were calculated.Results: Clinical disease was observed in groups infected with S. Gallinarum (A and B) and in hens of groups C and D infested with mites harvested from the isolators containing groups A and B. In all 4 groups, S. Gallinarum was detected from liver, spleen, ovary and cecum of hens, thus confirming the diagnosis of FT. Mite analysis demonstrated the presence of the pathogen, with an estimated infection rate ranging between 13.72 and 55.21 infected per thousand mites. Vectorial capacity was estimated to be 73.79.Conclusion: Mites harvested from birds infected with S. Gallinarum were shown to carry the mite, and then to transfer S . Gallinarum to isolated groups of pathogen-free birds that subsequently showed signs of FT. Mite vectorial capacity was high, demonstrating that D. gallinae should be considered an effective vector of FT.
Supplementation with sodium butyrate improves growth and antioxidant function in dairy calves before weaning
Authors: Liu Wenhui , La A La Teng Zhu , Evans Alexander , Gao Shengtao , Yu Zhongtang , Bu Dengpan , Ma Lu
Published: July 2020

Background: There is increasing research interest in using short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) including butyrate as potential alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in animal production. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementation of sodium butyrate (SB) in milk and/or milk replacer on the growth performance, rumen fermentation, and serum antioxidant capacity and immunoglobins in dairy calves before weaning. Forty healthy female Holstein calves (4-day-old; 40 ± 5 kg of body weight) were housed in individual hutches and randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups (n = 10 per group). The control group was fed no SB (SB0), while the other three groups were supplemented with 15 (SB15), 30 (SB30), or 45 (SB45) g per day of SB mixed into milk and/or milk replacer. Results: The SB supplementation enhanced growth and improved feed conversion into body weight gain compared with the SB0 group. No significant effect on rumen pH; concentrations of NH3-N, individual and total VFAs; or acetate: propionate (A:P) ratio was found during the whole experimental period. The serum glutathione peroxidase activity was higher in the SB30 and SB45 groups compared with the SB0 group, and the serum level of maleic dialdehyde linearly decreased as the SB supplementation amount increased during the whole experiment. Not inﬂuence of SB supplementation was observed on serum concentrations of immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G, or immunoglobulin M during the whole experimental period. Conclusions: Under the conditions of this study, SB supplementation improved growth performance and antioxidant ability in pre-weaned dairy calves. We recommended 45 g per day as the optimal level of SB supplementation (mixed into milk and/or milk replacer) to improve the growth and antioxidant function of dairy calves before weaning.
The Social Health Process of Adolescents: A Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Taghipour Ali , Solhi Mahnaz , Mahdizadeh Mehrsadat , Asgharnejad-Farid Ali-Asghar
Published: July 2020

Background: The social health of adolescents is the main pivot of community health in the whole world. Understanding how the social health of adolescents is affected by socio-cultural context and individual factors is still equivocal, and the available data are limited. This study aimed to explore the process of forming social health in Iranian adolescents.Methods: This grounded theory study has been conducted through purposive sampling and theoretical sampling on 47 adolescents (23 boys, 24 girls) and 19 key informants living in Mashhad, Iran. Data was collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews and group discussions. Data analysis was conducted using continuous comparison, open, axial, and selective coding based on the Corbin and Strauss’s (2008) approach.Results: In the process of forming social health in adolescents, five categories were extracted: 1) multi-layered social structure: from favorable to unfavorable, 2) facing with multifaceted role models, 3) contemplating and self-discovery, 4) trying to manage interactions, and 5) social presence: from being together to separating. The core category is “the paving the way for the realization of social identity” that connected to all extracted categories in this study. Conclusions: social context needs to provide appropriate conditions to develop and promote social health among adolescents through supportive, happy, and safe environments. Also, adolescents need to apply effective individual, interpersonal, and collective strategies. The results also revealed that social identity plays a main role in forming the social health. These factors need to be considered by policymakers for designing and interventional programs.
Flexible Thermoplastic Starch Films Functionalized With Copper Particles for Packaging of Food Products
Authors: López Olivia , Villanueva María E. , Copello Guillermo J. , Villar Marcelo A
Published: July 2020

Biodegradable films based on thermoplastic corn starch (TPS) and copper particles with antimicrobial capacity were developed. Copper nanoparticles (Cu) and silica coated copper microparticles (Si-Cu) in the range of 0.25 to 5 % were used. Composite films were obtained by melt-mixing and subsequent thermo-compression. Particles distribution within TPS matrix and the presence of some pores and cracks, induced by Si-Cu particles, was evaluated by SEM. The presence of both fillers gave composite films a brown pigmentation and decreased their transparency; these effects were more pronounced at higher particles concentrations. Regarding mechanical properties, copper particles at 1 and 5 % acted as reinforcing agents increasing the maximum tensile strength but their presence lead to a decrease in elongation at break, affecting films ductility. Composites inhibited the growth of Gram+ and Gram- bacteria, demonstrating their antimicrobial capacity. Copper effectively migrated to a simulant of aqueous foods and naked particles concentration in the simulant medium resulted higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration for bacteria. The characteristics and properties of developed composite films make them an interesting material for food primary packaging, mainly for meat fresh products.
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association study identifies FBN2 as a novel locus associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Thai population
Authors: Tangtanatakul Pattarin , Thumarat Chisanu , Satproedprai Nusara , Kunhapan Punna , Chaiyasung Tassamonwan , Klinchanhom Siriwan , Wang Yong-Fei , Wei Wei , Wongshinsri Jeerapat , Chiewchengchol Direkrit , Rodsaward Pongsawat , Ngamjanyaporn Pintip , Suangtamai Thanitta , Mahasirimongkol Surakameth , Pisitkun Prapaporn , Hirankarn Nattiya
Published: July 2020

Background: Differences in the expression of variants across ethnic groups in the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients have been well documented. However, the genetic architecture in the Thai population has not been thoroughly examined. In this study, we carried out genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the Thai population. Methods: Two GWAS cohorts were independently collected and genotyped: discovery dataset (487 SLE cases and 1,606 healthy controls) and replication dataset (405 SLE cases and 1,590 unrelated-disease controls). Data were imputed to the density of the 1,000 Genomes Project Phase 3. Association studies were performed based on different genetic models, and pathway enrichment analysis was further examined. In addition, the performance of disease risk estimation for individuals in Thai GWAS was assessed based on the polygenic risk score (PRS) model trained by other Asian populations. Results: Previous findings on SLE susceptible alleles were well replicated in the two GWAS. The SNPs on HLA-class II (rs9270970, A>G, OR=1.82, p-value = 3.61E-26), STAT4 (rs7582694, C>G, OR=1.57, p-value = 8.21E-16), GTF2I (rs73366469, A>G, OR=1.73, p-value = 2.42E-11) and FAM167A-BLK allele (rs13277113, A>G, OR=0.68, p-value = 1.58E-09) were significantly associated with SLE in Thai population. Meta-analysis of the two GWAS identified a novel locus at the FBN2 that was specifically associated with SLE in the Thai population (rs74989671, A>G, OR=1.54, p-value = 1.61E-08). Functional analysis showed that rs74989671 resided in a peak of H3K36me3 derived from CD14+ monocytes and H3K4me1 from T-lymphocytes. In addition, we showed that the PRS model trained from the Chinese population could be applied in individuals of Thai ancestry, with the area under the receiver-operator curve (AUC) achieving 0.76 for this predictor. Conclusions: We demonstrated the genetic architecture of SLE in the Thai population and identified a novel locus associated with SLE. Also, our study suggested a potential use of the PRS model from the Chinese population to estimate the disease risk for individuals of Thai ancestry.
Histone Methyltransferase WHSC1 Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Cell Apoptosis via Targeting Anti-apoptotic BCL2
Authors: Wang Yu , Tang Xin , Guo Mei , Sun Gang , Zhou Kun , Pang Wenjing , Hou Yichao , Hou Lidan , Zhu Liming , Cao Dachun , Meng Xiangjun
Published: July 2020

Background: WHSC1 is a histone methyltransferase that facilitates histone H3 lysine 36 dimethylation (H3K36me2), which is a permissive mark associated with active transcription. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 4th deadliest and 3rd most frequent cancer globally. However, the role of WHSC1 in CRC progression remains unknown. Methods: qRT-PCR, immunoblotting assays (WB), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed to investigate WHSC1 expression levels in CRC tissues and normal tissues. CCK-8 assays, colony formation assays, and flow cytometry were also used to assess the effect of WHSC1 depletion in CRC cell proliferation, apoptosis and oxaliplatin sensitivity in vitro. A cell line-derived xenograft model in nude mice was performed to determine the role of WHSC1 in CRC cell apoptosis in vivo. Results: WHSC1 as well as H3K36me2 were highly expressed in clinical CRC tissues compared with in normal counterparts. High WHSC1 expression was correlated with poorer prognosis in CRC patients. Knockdown of WHSC1 significantly promoted CRC cell apoptosis and inhibited tumour growth in vivo. Further mechanistic investigation revealed that WHSC1 directly binds to the promoter region of BCL2 gene and regulate its H3K36 dimethylation level, so BCL2 expression is markedly decreased after WHSC1 depletion. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that knockdown of WHSC1 promoted colon cancer cell apoptosis and suppressed CRC tumorigenesis through targeting BCL2 transcription, suggesting WHSC1 activity may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CRC.
Effects of resistance exercise on lipolysis pathway in obese pre and postmenopausal women
Authors: Park Kyu-Min , Lim Seung-Taek , Sung Kun-Young , Kang Sunghwun
Published: July 2020

Background and objectives: The purpose of study was to examine the effects of regular resistance exercise for 12 weeks on lipolysis pathway in pre- and post- menopausal women with obesity. Methods: Twenty-three pre- and post- menopausal women with body fat percentages of 30% or more divided into pre- menopausal group (n=9) and post- menopausal group (n=14). All subjects participated in resistance exercise training for 12 weeks. Anthropometric and physical fitness tests were performed on all participants. Protein analyses were performed with subcutaneous fatty tissue extracted, and the samples were analyzed of relevant protein levels changes by using Western blotting. All serum samples were submitted for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measurements of adipocyte factors. Results: After 12 weeks between pre- menopausal and post- menopausal groups adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) and perilipin (PLIN) protein levels were significantly lower in the post- menopausal group than in the pre- menopausal group. Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) protein levels were significantly higher in the post- menopausal group than in the pre- menopausal group. In addition, leptin concentration was significantly decreased after resistance exercise in the post- menopausal group. Adiponectin concentration was significantly increased after resistance exercise in the both groups. Conclusions: This study indicates that regular resistance exercise to change of leptin and adiponectin might be release of reduction of % fat, and driving overall greater change ATGL, HSL, MGL and PLIN levels in subcutaneous fatty tissue in the obese post- menopausal group more than obese pre- menopausal group.
“Face” and family preference of job matters: Association between Face need, lock-in job and burnout among high-tech company workers in Taiwan
Authors: Tsai Feng-jen , Chen Ruey-Yu , Chen Hsin-Jou
Published: July 2020

Background

Studies on health impact of lock-in job are mainly conducted in western countries with theory based on the value of individualism. We argued that the social-oriented concern should be considered in workers’ lock-in status in Chinese society.
Methods

Anonymous survey were conducted on 1102 workers of high-tech companies in Taiwan from October 2015 to January 2016 to assess their face need, lock-in status of job and burnout. Except separate into 3 groups by lock-in score, participants were categorized by the conflict of preference of job between themselves and their family. Chi-square test, ANOVA test, Person correlation test and regression were applied.
Results

Among 1102 participants, 18% had job that they did not prefer but their family prefer. Participants with higher face need and higher lock-in status had significantly higher risk of developing personal and work-related burnout. But the analysis using “lock-in Job for conflict of preference between themselves and their family” status showed more coherent result. Participants with job which “self not prefer but family do” had 2 times risk of having personal and work-related burnout (OR = 2.03 and 2.34). Participants with job which both themselves and their family not prefer had 4 times risk of having personal and work-related burnout (OR = 4.10 and 4.17).
Conclusions

Our study result indicated the importance to consider social-oriented job preference in lock-in status evaluation in Chinese culture. Workers’ lock-in status as their preference conflicting with their family’s preference showed significantly negative impact on their health.
COVID-19: A National Survey on Perceived Level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Frontline Medical Professionals in Nepal
Authors: Tamang Nira , Rai Saroj , Dhungana Siddhartha , Rai Punam , Sherchan Binod , Shah Bikash
Published: July 2020

Background
COVID-19 is currently recognized as an emerging public health problem caused by SARS-CoV-2. Thousands of people around the world have been infected since it appeared the very first time in Wuhan. For any epidemics, FMPs are at high risk of infection, and also become the vector for the disease transmission. Inadequate knowledge has been proven to be the causative factor for disease infection & transmission. This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude & practice among FMPs, including doctors, nurses, and other paramedics working in the frontline in the different Hospitals in Nepal.
Methods
Non-probability convenience sampling technique was used in this cross-sectional study to collect data from 603 FMPs. A self-administered questionnaire was utilized to assess the KAP of the FMPs. It was divided into 4-parts consisting of 31-items, demographic characteristics (11-items), knowledge (10-items), attitude (5-items), and practice (5-items). It consisted of both multiple-choice questions and Likert scale items questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.
Results
A majority of the participants (76%) reported adequate knowledge. Most of the demographic characteristics, except the place of work, showed significant association with knowledge. About 54.7% of the FMPs demonstrated a positive attitude. Some of the demographic characteristics such as; age, gender, level of education, profession, and online course regarding COVID-19 showed significant association with attitude. A large population (78.9%) displayed appropriate practice, while only two demographic characteristics, profession and online course regarding COVID-19, showed significant association. Pearson correlation showed a significant association between KAP at the level of p < 0.01.
Conclusions
There was a significant association between KAP among FMPs. The FMPs having higher education showed better knowledge and attitude, but the practice was not affected by their education level. Very few FMPs were involved in IPC training and online courses regarding COVID-19, and they displayed better KAP scores. A higher level of knowledge might be accountable for a better attitude and practice. So, FMPs need to be encouraged and motivated to update knowledge regularly. The government and stakeholders should arrange educational programs and training. Also, FMPs need to be encouraged to use official websites to acquire knowledge.
Identification of an independent immune-genes prognostic index for breast cancer
Authors: Chen Lin , Dong Yuxiang , Pan Yitong , Chen Chen , Wang Junyi , Lu Jianing , Yu Yun , Deng Rong
Published: July 2020

Objective

Increasing evidence has indicated an association between immune micro-environment in breast cancer and clinical outcomes. The aim of this research is to comprehensively investigate the effect of tumor immune genes on the prognosis of breast cancer patients.
Methods

2498 immune genes were downloaded from ImmPort database. Additionally, we identified and downloaded the transcriptome data of patients with breast cancer from the TCGA database through the R package, as well as relevant clinical information. Survival R package was applied in survival analyses for hub-genes. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of immune genes on the prognosis of breast cancer. Immune risk scoring model was constructed based on the statistical correlation between hub immune genes and survival. Meanwhile, multivariate cox regression analysis was utilized to investigate whether the immune genes risk score model was an independent factor for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer. Nomogram was constructed to comprehensively predict the survival rate of breast cancer. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
Results

The results of the difference analysis showed that 556 immune genes exhibited differential expression between normal and breast cancer tissues (p < 0. 05). Univariate cox regression analysis revealed 66 immune genes statistically correlated with breast cancer related survival risk, of which 30 were associated with overall survival (P < 0.05). In addition, a 15-genes based immune genes risk scoring model was constructed through lasso COX regression analysis. KM curve indicated that patients in high-risk were associated with poor outcomes (p < 0.001). ROC curve indicated that the immune risk score model was reliable in predicting survival risk (5-year OS, AUC = 0.752). Our model showed satisfying AUC and survival correlation in the validation dataset (3-year over survival (OS) AUC = 0.685, 5-year OS AUC = 0.717, P = 0.00048). Furthermore, multivariate cox regression analysis confirmed that the immune risk score model was an independent factor for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer. A nomogram was established to comprehensively predict the survival of breast cancer patients with the results of multivariate cox regression analysis. Finally, we found that 15 immune genes and risk scores were significantly associated with clinical factors and prognosis, and were involved in multiple oncogenic pathways.
Conclusion

Collectively, tumor immune genes played an essential role in the prognosis of breast cancer. Furthermore, immune risk score was an independent predictive factor of breast cancer, indicating a poor survival.
A Novel Parameter Derived From Photoplethysmographic Pulse Wave to Predict Risk of Postreperfusion Syndrome
Authors: Kong Hai-ying , Zhao Xian , Huang Su-Qin
Published: July 2020

BackgroundPostreperfusion syndrome (PRS), observed after reperfusion of the grafted liver, was associated with poor outcome. The end-stage liver disease (ESLD) with autonomic dysfunction in the cardiovascular system has greater risk of developing of PRS, due to the poor ability in sympathetic vasoconstriction. Surgical Stress Index (SSI) is a novel parameter derived from photoplethysmographic pulse wave to assess central sympathetic modulation in awake volunteers. In this study, we determined the relationship between SSI values and the risk of developing of PRS during orthotopic liver transplantation.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 163 patients who had undergone OLT, and divided the patients into PRS group and non-PRS group. SSI and related parameters were determined 5min before and after clamping of the inferior vena cava, the occurrence of PRS were recorded during reperfusion.ResultsThe clamping of the inferior vena cava modified the SSI significantly, accompanied with significant hemodynamic response. The SSI increased significantly after clamping (47.0 (43.0-49.0 ) vs.81.0(69.5-89.0), p<0.001). The SSI increased by 45.3% at 5min after clamping of the inferior vena cava in the PRS group, as opposed to 81.7% in the non-PRS group (P = 0.037). PRS occurred in only 19.4% of patients in whom the SSI increased by more than 50%. Based on a multivariate analysis, percentage of the variation in the SSI was associated with a significant increased risk in developing the PRS (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.15-5.02; P=0.021).ConclusionsSSI can sensitively indicate the central sympathetic modulation function during liver transplantation procedure. SSI might be a sensitive marker of risk of developing PRS.