bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RAD51 Protein Expression Is Increased in Canine Mammary Carcinomas
Authors: Klopfleisch R. , Schütze, M. , Gruber A. D.
Published: March 2010

RAD51 is a key enzyme of homologous recombination and repair of DNA double-strand breaks. RAD51 mRNA expression levels are significantly increased in laser-microdissected mammary simple carcinomas and their lymph node metastases when compared to adenomas or nonneoplastic mammary gland of the same dog. Here, RAD51 protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded mammary carcinomas and their lymph node metastases of 40 dogs, adenomas of 48 dogs, and nonneoplastic mammary gland of 88 dogs. Number of cells with nuclear RAD51 expression was significantly ( P ≤ .05) increased in carcinomas when compared to adenomas and metastases. In contrast, no significant differences in the number of RAD51-expressing cells were detected when metastases were compared with adenomas and nonneoplastic gland. RAD51 expression in carcinomas was correlated with expression in metastases but not with histologic grade. In conclusion, the increased number of RAD51-expressing cells in carcinomas might indicate genomic instability in these cells. Nevertheless, the increased RAD51 mRNA expression in metastases could not be confirmed by immunohistochemistry.
Spontaneous Basal Cell Carcinoma in a 7-Week-Old Sprague-Dawley Rat
Authors: Lee H.-Y. , Na Y.-R. , Seok S.-H. , Baek M.-W. , Kim D.-J. , Park S.-H. , Lee H.-K. , Lee B.-H. , Park J.-H.
Published: March 2010

Spontaneous basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is very rare in rats, with an incidence rate of only 0.14% reported in aged animals. A spontaneous BCC occurred in a 7-week-old Sprague-Dawley rat housed in a specific-pathogen-free animal facility. The tumor was a single, well-delineated reddish-brown subcutaneous mass measuring 2 × 2 cm and located in the left inguinal region. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of basaloid cells in lobular and cribriform growth patterns and with a high mitotic rate. Immunohistochemically, cytokeratin 14 (an indicator for basal keratinocytes of the epidermis) showed strong reactions throughout the whole tumor, and cytokeratin 18 showed weak but positive reaction in the majority of nested tumor cells. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous BCC occurrence in young Sprague-Dawley rats.
Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis in 5 Dogs
Authors: Brown D. L. , Van Winkle T. , Cecere T. , Rushton S. , Brachelente C. , Cullen J. M.
Published: March 2010

Congenital hepatic fibrosis is a disorder of biliary system development histologically characterized by diffuse periportal to bridging fibrosis with numerous small often-irregular bile ducts and reduction in the number of portal vein branches. The condition results from abnormal development of the ductal plate, the embryonic precursor to the interlobular bile ducts. It has rarely been reported in veterinary species, and it has never been reported in dogs. This article describes 5 cases of a ductal plate malformation in dogs consistent with congenital hepatic fibrosis. On light microscopy, all 5 livers had severe bridging fibrosis with a marked increase in the number of small bile ducts, which often had irregular, dilated profiles reminiscent of the developing ductal plate. In addition, 80% (4 of 5) of cases lacked typical portal vein profiles. Cytokeratin 7 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunohistochemistry was performed on the 3 cases for which paraffin-embedded tissue was available. The bile duct profiles were strongly positive for cytokeratin 7 in all 3 cases, and they were negative for proliferating cell nuclear antigen or only had rare positive cells. All 5 dogs presented with clinical signs of portal hypertension. Congenital hepatic fibrosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis in young dogs that present with portal hypertension and lesions that may have been interpreted as bridging biliary hyperplasia or extrahepatic biliary obstruction.
Peliosis Hepatis in Cats Is Not Associated With Bartonella henselae Infections
Authors: Buchmann A. U. , Kempf V. A. J. , Kershaw O. , Gruber A. D.
Published: March 2010

Peliosis hepatis is a vasculoproliferative disorder of the liver with infectious and noninfectious causes. In humans and dogs, Bartonella henselae has been linked to peliosis hepatis. Although domestic cats are the natural reservoir of B. henselae and although peliosis hepatis is common in this species, an association between this condition and infection with B. henselae has never been investigated in cats. In this study, 26 cases of peliosis hepatis in cats were tested for B. henselae infection by nested polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. The authors failed to detect B. henselae nucleic acid or antigen in any of the affected liver specimens. These findings suggest that, unlike in humans and dogs, peliosis hepatis in cats may not be significantly associated with a B. henselae infection.
Emerging and Reemerging Influenza Virus Infections
Authors: Shinya K. , Makino A. , Kawaoka Y.
Published: March 2010

Influenza A virus infection occurs in many species. Wild waterfowl harbor the widest variety of influenza A viruses and serve as a constant reservoir for the emergence of new viruses. Highly pathogenic avian influenza, or “fowl plague,” has been a known poultry disease for more than 130 years. It continues to emerge and reemerge, but global changes in trade and poultry production have expanded the impact and geographic range of these outbreaks. One subtype of highly pathogenic avian influenza, H5N1, has infected poultry on several continents as well as many people, leading to a human disease that is markedly different from seasonal influenza and that is associated with high mortality.
Toxoplasmosis in Distemper-Susceptible Carnivora
Authors: Møller Tage , Nielsen S. W.
Published: March 2010

Toxoplasmosis is described in 18 carnivora of five different species: five dogs, four gray foxes, two raccoons, a skunk and six mink. In the raccoons and skunk the infection is reported for the first time, and in the mink for the first time in the United States. All the cases represented the acute disseminated form of toxoplasmosis, with focal necrosis of the lung, liver, and heart, and glial nodules of the central nervous system. A simultaneous distemper infection was present in three of the five dogs, in all four gray foxes, in both raccoons, and the skunk. It is believed that the distemper virus may provide the most important triggering mechanism necessary to initiate an acute toxoplasma infection or cause a flare-up of latent toxoplasmosis. In a 3-week-old puppy, and in the mink the toxoplasma infection was not associated with canine distemper.
Experimental Poisoning by Senecio jacobaea in Pigs
Authors: Harding J.D.J. , Lewis G. , Done J.T. , Allcroft R.
Published: March 2010

Seven pigs were poisoned by feeding from 1 to 3 months with Senecio jacobaea (“ragwort”). Clinically, the disease induced was characterised by dyspnœa and fluctuating pyrexia, anatomically by firm, heavy, discoloured, oedematous lungs and histologically by pulmonary oedema, congestion, haemorrhage and alveolar epithelialisation, and by hepatic and renal karyomegaly.

Ragwort poisoning in pigs was compared with groundnut poisoning and it was concluded that the two are unlikely to be confused.
Epithelial and Fibroblastic Proliferation in Bovine Cutaneous Papillomatosis
Authors: Cheville N. F. , Olson C.
Published: March 2010

The pathogenesis of the experimental bovine papilloma was investigated by the serial biopsy technique on lesions produced by epidermal scarification or intradermal injection using two strains of BPV. The purpose was to determine the time and sequence of stimulation of the epithelial cells and connective tissue. Following a morphological dormant phase, the first reaction was a fibroblastic proliferation. In papillomas developing from epidermal scarification, this was not marked and was followed by epidermal hyperplasia which progressed to the mature papilloma Fibroplasia in lesions produced by intrademal injection was always greater. Eight to ten % of the developing fibromas had a whorled histologic pattern.

The percentage of sites inoculated showing fibroblastic change, although subtle, was high while the percentage going on to epithelial change was often much less, especially when inoculated by the intradermal route.

The Feulgen technique did not reveal intranuclear or cytoplasmic bodies of any kind.
The Experimental Transmission of Ovine Pulmonary Adenomatosis
Authors: Markson L.M. , Terlecki S.
Published: March 2010

Pulmonary adenomatosis of sheep, as seen in Great Britain, has been transmitted experimentally to sheep using a 10% fluid suspension of affected lung from field cases of the disease, administered by intrapulmonary injection or by repeated exposure to an aerial spray. One group of sheep treated by the latter method was also kept in contact with the field cases which subsequently supplied the inoculation material. The macroscopic and histologic features of the pulmonary lesions resulting in the inoculated animals are described and illustrated. On the basis of the pathologic changes in their experimental material and a survey of the literature, the authors opine that the disease is a transmissible neoplasm and suggest that the cause may be a Mycoplasma or a virus.
Studies on the Site of Leukotic and Preleukotic Changes in the Bovine Heart
Authors: Järplid Bertil
Published: March 2010

The right auricle is the primary site of leukotic changes in the bovine heart. This and other regions of the heart from 114 cattle with manifest leukosis, 44 cattle with suspected latent leukosis, 23 normal cattle, and 59 foetuses have been examined histologically. The propensity of bovine leukosis to involve the right auricle is obviously associated with the loose subepicardial connective tissue and its property of embryonal haematopoiesis. Since other mesenchymal tumours and metaplasia also involve the right auricle more often than the left, it is conceivable that the subepicardial tissue on the right side remains functionally as well as morphologically undifferentiated, and more readily responds to proliferative stimuli than does the subepicardial tissue of the left atrium, which early differentiates into fat tissue.

Among the group of animals suspected of latent leukosis there were many with definite signs of leukosis in the subepicardial tissue of the right auricle. The early signs of leukosis were accumulation of lymphoid or blast-like cells, or both together, neural lymphoid infiltration, and stuffing of blood vessels with lymphocytes.

The question whether the leukosis cells are formed in situ in the heart or represent metastasis from another site remains unsettled. The demonstration of a particular tissue type at the primary site of cardiac leukosis implies that further study might resolve this point and elucidate the early changes of leukosis.
Pulmonary Lesions in Dogs with Experimental and Naturally Occurring Toxoplasmosis
Authors: Capen Charles C. , Cole Clarence R.
Published: March 2010

The lungs of 92 dogs with confirmed toxoplasmosis were studied. Focal areas of coagulation necrosis, adjacent to and involving small vessels and bronchioles, and exudation of fibrin were the characteristic lesions produced by T. gondii in the lungs of dogs with both experimentally induced and naturally occurring infections. The inflammatory response to the areas of necrosis was minimal. Dogs inoculated intratracheally developed more extensive pulmonary lesions with greater numbers of T. gondii than dogs inoculated by the intravenous or subcutaneous route. Toxoplasma were not demonstrated in the pulmonary lesions after the 16th day following inoculation.

Distemper was a concurrent infection in 20 cases of naturally occurring toxoplasmosis. The lesions produced by the two etiologic agents were distinctly different. Based on the severity of pulmonary lesions the dogs appeared to be primarily infected with toxoplasma.
A Cerebrospinal Angiopathy in Pigs
Authors: Harding J.D.J.
Published: March 2010

66 pigs from 52 premises have been found to be affected by a cerebrospinal angiopathy. In 64, symptoms first appeared in the 5 weeks following weaning. The lesions were characterised by thickening of the walls of the small arterioles of the central nervous system, swelling and degeneration of their medial cells, subendothelial hyaline deposits, and perivascular eosinophilic droplets. In a proportion of cases, similar vascular lesions were found in the tongue, pancreas, liver, small intestine and adnexa of the eye.
Congenital Bronchial Hypoplasia in Calves
Authors: Thomson R. G.
Published: March 2010

The literature on anomalies of the lung in domestic animals was reviewed. Three cases of congenitally anomalous lungs in calves were described. Two were cases of accessory lungs, and one was a case of hypoplasia of the bronchi affecting both normally situated lungs of a calf. Hypoplastic bronchi were also present in the two cases of accessory lungs. The pathogenesis of these anomalies was discussed in the light of what is known of the embryology of the porcine lung. The basic defect was considered in all three cases to be hypoplasia of the bronchi, which can occur either in conjunction with acessory lungs or otherwise.
Pathologic and Immunologic Responses of the Fetal Lamb to Brucella ovis
Authors: Osburn B.I. , Kennedy P.C.
Published: March 2010

Ewes were exposed to live Brucella ovis either by the intrauterine or the intraconjunctival routes prior to breeding, at breeding and at various stages of gestation. Serological and immunochemical analyses were performed on all ewe and lamb sera and gross and microscopic examinations were made of fetuses.

Infections of fetuses in the ewes exposed intraconjunctivally were confined to those groups exposed between 3 and 12 weeks post breeding. Intrauterine exposures indicated (1) that the organism does not appear to remain in the nonpregnant uterus for any extended length of time, (2) probably causes the death of the ovum and embryo, and (3) fetuses of 6 weeks of gestational age are able to withstand the microbial invasion for extended periods of time. All fetuses exposed in utero from the sixth post breeding week to term were infected, as determined by immunological, bacteriological and pathological examinations.

Regardless of the route of inoculation, lesions of the infected fetuses were found in the placentas, lungs, lymph nodes, kidneys, livers and intestines. Alterations in the spleen were limited to the formation of follicles with secondary centers and increased RE activity in the cords of the red pulp. Brucella ovis was recovered most frequently from the lungs and occasionally from the abomasums and a spleen. All but one of the infected fetal lambs had elevated gamma globulin levels and complement fixation titers for Brucella ovis.
Functional and Morphologic Pathology of Equine Aortic Insufficiency
Authors: Bishop Sanford P. , Cole Clarence R. , Smetzer David L.
Published: March 2010

Twelve horses and 3 mules with grade II or louder prolonged diastolic murmurs were selected for functional and histopathologic study. Aortic insufficiency was demonstrated in all mules and in all except two horses on the basis of murmurs, jet lesions and/or pathologic and incompetent valve cusps. In 15 control animals lesions resulting in aortic insufficiency were not found.

A thick fibrous band was present on all aortic valve cusps judged to be definitely insufficient. This band occurred at the line of valvular closure, parallel to the free edge, and allowed eversion of the peripheral portion of the cusp. Endothelial covered villi were present on the ventricular surface of those valves with band lesions. There was fibroblastic proliferation in a rich ground substance within the villi, on the surface of the ventricularis and throughout all layers of the valve. A nodular lesion microscopically similar to nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis in man was also found on the ventricular surface. This lesion also involved all layers of the aortic leaflet with proliferation of fibrocytes and production of acid mucopolysaccharide ground substance and collagen fibers. The nodular lesions did not appear to contribute significantly to the insufficiency. Degeneration of elastic fibers and focal mineralization of the fibrosa were interpreted as senile degenerative changes.
Leukoencephalopathy in a Cat Due to Accidental Cyanide Poisoning
Authors: Levine Seymour , Geib Ludwig W.
Published: March 2010

A cat was accidentally poisoned by cyanide in a metal plating factory. It developed symmetrical necrotizing and demyelinating lesions involving most of the central white matter of the cerebral hemispheres, corpus callosum, anterior commissure, as well as focal lesions in globus pallidus, substantia nigra, cerebellum and hippocampus. This one animal had lesions in most of the areas previously known to be affected by cyanide in various species, and it also demonstrated the predilection of this poison for cerebral white matter.
Failure of Bone Resorption in a Calf
Authors: Thomson R.G.
Published: March 2010

A case report of an anomaly of bone in a newborn calf is presented. The calf had solid bones, devoid of marrow cavities, in the limbs. The solid tissue was mainly unremodelled endochondral bone with some periosteal bone also present. The defect appeared to be a failure in the ability to resorb bone. It resembled, grossly and microscopically, similar conditions which occur as genetic defects in mice, rats and rabbits.
Feline Infectious Peritonitis
Authors: Wolfe L.G. , Griesemer R.A.
Published: March 2010

Infectious peritonitis, a previously undescribed disease entity, was studied in 16 cats. The clinical disease was characterized by fever, ascites, lack of response to therapy, and high mortality. The principal lesion was a diffuse fibrinous peritonitis. The disease was experimentally produced in germ-free and conventional cats. Thus far, no etiologic agent has been demonstrated.
Visceral Larva Migrans in the Dog
Authors: Barron C.N. , Saunders L.Z.
Published: March 2010

It has been known that in the course of their migration, Toxocara canis larvae wander widely through various tissues of the dog. It has also been known, from experimental infections, that some of these larvae are arrested in the course of their migration and remain in visceral tissues unable to either develop or proceed further. These facts were established from digestion experiments, and the effects of the arrested larvae on the host were known in but few tissues. We have found that granulomas form around such larvae, and that these occur in a wide variety of tissues: kidney, liver lung, myocardium, skeletal muscle, thyroid, pancreas, pituitary, lymph node, intestine, retina, brain and cauda equina.

The larvae in the granulomas were identified as Toxocara species, presumably T. canis. The lesions resemble those of human visceral larva migrans, but do not elicit clinical signs. Because they occur in the same host that harbors the adult worm, the previously accepted definition of visceral larva migrans is too narrow, and it is proposed that this term be applied to any visceral lesions produced by migrating helminthic larvae.
Acute Toxicity of Aflatoxin B1 in the Dog
Authors: Newberne Paul M. , Russo Raymond , Wogan Gerald N.
Published: March 2010

This work is a study of the acute effects of aflatoxin B1 in dogs. The dog has a remarkable susceptibility to aflatoxin B1 given by oral and intraperitoneal routes. Intraperitoneal administration resulted in the shortest survival time and the most profound pathological changes. However, massive single oral doses produced lesions of similar nature and intensity. Oral administration of aflatoxin in small, divided doses, over extended periods proved to be less toxic. The experimentally induced disease resembled hepatitis X in many respects.
Nutritional Hepatic Necrosis in Beef Cattle “Sawdust Liver”
Authors: Todd Glen C. , Krook Lennart
Published: March 2010

A histologic examination of spontaneous cases of sawdust livers in cattle indicated that the focal liver necrosis was an expression of vitamin E-selenium deficiency. The condition was reproduced in Hereford steers by feeding a diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and poor in protein, vitamin E. and selenium. Lesions also occurred in the kidney, heart, skeletal muscled and pylorus. Addition of dictary protein or injection of selenium partially prevented the condition.

Cellular anoxia with formation of hyalinc bodies in the liver and kidney was considered to be the common denominator of the degenerative changes. Due to the relatively mild tissue changes, plasma GOT and OCT determinations were found to be of no diagnostic value.
Generalized Tuberculosis in a South American Frog Leptodactylus pentadactylus
Authors: Rowlatt U. F. , Roe F. J. C.
Published: March 2010

A frog is described which had chronic visceral tuberculosis for some time before an acute, granulomatous lesion, in which acid-fast bacilli were identified, appeared in the right eye. In the absence of culture of the causative organism, the diagnosis was inferred from the presence of characteristic morphological changes. The disease process is essentially similar to that in man but the systemic effects are much less marked.
Experimentelle Untersuchungen über erbliche Meningocele cerebralis beim Schwein. II. Pathomorphologie der Gehirnmissbildungen
Authors: Trautwein G. , Meyer H.
Published: March 2010

Die in Zuchtversuchen mit Schweinen der Rasse Buntes Schwein bei 41 Ferkeln aufgetretenen, erblich bedingten Meningocelen und Meningoencephalocelen wurden in der vorliegenden Arbeit näher charakterisiert. Die Missbildungen waren sehr variabel. Die kleinsten Meningocelen (12 Fälle) waren als kleine haar-lose Hautpartien mit datunterliegenden Meningocelen zu erkennen; die grösseren stellten kugelige Vorwölbungen in der Stirngegend dar (22 Fälle). Der dünne Stiel der Meningocele zog durch eine schmale Knochenspalte zwischen den Ossa frontalia bzw. parietalia in das Schädelinnere und inserierte in der Leptomeninx zwischen den Grosshirnhemisphären bzw. über den Corpora quadrigemina. Bei einem Ferkel wurde eine Meningoencephalocele mit Vorfall von Grosshirn-gewebe festgestellt. Bei insgesamt 6 Ferkeln fanden sich neben Meningoencephalocelen noch eine Reihe ventraler Hemmungsmissbildungen im Bereich des End-, Zwischen-, Mittel- und Rautenhirns. Es wird angenommen, dass die Missbildungen auf einen unvollkommenen Schluss der Neuralfurche am Ende der 3. Embryonalwoche zurückzuführen sind.
Biochemical and Pathological Aspects of Groundnut Poisoning in Chickens
Authors: Carnaghan R. B. A. , Lewis G. , Patterson D. S. P. , Allcroft R.
Published: March 2010

Rhode Island Red chicks were fed from hatching to 8 weeks of age a commercial ration to which was added a highly toxic groundnut meal; groups were killed at regular intervals for biochemical and histological examinations. Growth was severely retarded and the liver/body weight ratio was increased compared with control chicks. Increased hepatic fat, reduced vitamin A storage and fluctuation in the RNA/DNA ratio were also observed. These biochemical features of groundnut toxicity are discussed in relation to pathological changes.
Canine Blastomycosis with Ocular Involvement
Authors: Treviño Gilberto S.
Published: March 2010

A case of blastomycosis in a coonhound is described. Characteristic granulomas and organisms were found in the lungs, thoracic and mesenteric lymph nodes, and in both eyes. The ocular lesions were hyalitis, retinitis and optic neuritis, with secondary glaucoma from exudate which extended to the anterior chamber.
The Fine Structure of Lymphosarcoma in Cattle
Authors: Fujimoto Yuttaka , Miller Janice , Olson C.
Published: March 2010

Nine cases of bovine lymphosarcoma were classified by light microscopy as lymphoid or reticulum according to the predominant cell type, or as lymphoreticular when there was a heterogeneous mixture of lymphoid and reticulum tumor cells. Typical ultrastructural features of these cells were as follows. Lymphoid tumor cells had smoothly contoured nuclear and cytoplasmic membranes and few cytoplasmic organelles. Reticulum tumor cells had large interchromatin spaces and irregular nuclear and cytoplasmic outlines. They often had multivesicular bodies, lysosomal vesicles, and much smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm and were frequently surrounded by extracellular microfibrils and collagen libers. Nuclear inclusion-like masses of cytoplasm were common in both types of tumor cells. No structure was observed which could be recognized as virus.
Experimental Bacillary Hemoglobinuria II. Pathogenesis of the Hepatic Lesion in the Rabbit
Authors: Van Kampen K. R. , Kennedy P. C.
Published: March 2010

Bacillary hemoglobinuria was expertmenially induced in rabbits by intravenous inoculation with Spores of Clostridium bemolyticum and subsequent hepatic biopsy. The biopsy wound disrupted the hepatic vasculature and damaged the adjacent parenchyma. This damage and the resulting hypoxia created conditions favorable for the germination of the inoculated spores. As the bacteria proliferated, their exotoxin lysed the hepatocytes and the erythrocytes in the immediate area. The bulk of the hepatic necrosis in bacillary hemoglobinuria was due to this exotoxin. Vascular thrombi caused by the exotoxic damage enhanced the development of the lesion.
Cutaneous Lymphomatosis in a Boxer Dog Pathologic and Biochemical Observations
Authors: Howard E. B. , Nielsen S. W. , Kenyon A. J.
Published: March 2010

A 9-ycar-old boxer dog had rapidly progressive cutaneous lymphomatosis. There were pulmonary metastases, marked peripheral eosinophilia, eosinophilic infiltration of the cutaneous lesions, and a moderate heterogeneous elevation of the serum immunoglobulins, especially those with gamma mobility. The disease had similarities to viral-induced cutaneous leukosis of chickens and cattle.
Meningeal Tumors Induced in Calves with the Bovine Cutaneous Papilloma Virus
Authors: Brobst D. F. , Dulac G. C.
Published: March 2010

Fibromatous tumors were induced in the meninges of calves by inoculating the meninges with a suspension of bovine cutaneous papillomas or by implanting bovine cutaneous papillomas into the brain. Meningeal tumors were observed to occur as early as 20 days after inoculation. Meningeal tumors from calves killed 90 and 145 days after inoculation extended into the brain along the course of blood vessels. Metastasis, however, was not observed. Evidence that the induced meningeal tumors contained viral antigen was lacking.
Mastocytoma and Gastroduodenal Ulceration: Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers in Dogs with Mastocytoma
Authors: Howard E. B. , Sawa T. R. , Nielsen S. W. , Kenyon A. J.
Published: March 2010

Twenty of 24 dogs with mastocytoma had ulcers of the gastroduodenal mucosa. The ulcers were more frequent in the stomach, less frequent in the duodenum. Perforating ulcers caused death in 3 dogs. Vascular lesions were frequent in these dogs, and it was considered that the vascular alterations may have contributed to the gastroduodenal ulceration associated with mast-cell neoplasms.
The Pathology and Epidemiology of Acute Enteritis in Captive Cottontail Rabbits (Sylvilagus floridannus)
Authors: Richter C. B. , Hendren R. L.
Published: March 2010

The pattern of acute enteritis in captive cottontail rabbits was observed over a 4-year period and was found to repeat itself within close limits in each of the 4 years. Mortality exceeded 50% in those rabbits caged individually, and the clinical course was about 24 hours. Major pathological changes were limited to the stomach and large gut with necrosis, edema, and loss of mucosa. Severe dehydration was the probable cause of death in most cases. The disease bears clinical and pathological similarity to mucoid enteritis in domestic rabbits. Epidemic patterns suggest that an infectious agent may be involved.
Vascular and Neuro-ophthalmic Pathology of Elaeophorosis in Elk
Authors: Adcock J. L. , Hibler C. P.
Published: March 2010

Elaeophora schneideri was identified as the cause of a specific neuro-ophthalmic disorder of elk ( Cerrus canadensis) in Arizona, Colorado. New Mexico, and Wyoming. This intra-arterial nematode was found within the cephalic arterial system in 10 of 16 elk with visual disturbances. Pathologic findings indicated that the parasite and the vascular lesions which it caused resulted in impairment of cephalic arterial circulation. Blindness and death were attributed to ischemic damage in the brain, eyes, and optic nerves. Although E. schneideri is a relatively common parasite of deer and domestic sheep in certain mountainous regions of the western and southwestern United States, it had not been reported in elk prior to this study.
Dermoid of a Rat Cornea
Authors: Nichols Charles W. , Yanoff Myron
Published: March 2010

The unique occurrence of a solid corneal dermoid in a laboratory rat is described. No other report of such a tumor could be found in the literature.
Changes in the Epiphyseal Cartilage of Immature Pigs Without Clinical Lameness
Authors: Thurley D. C.
Published: March 2010

Histological examination of epiphyseal cartilages from 36 clinically normal, immature pigs of varying age, sex, and breed, revealed a high incidence of cosinophilic streaking and patches, irregularity in the length of columns of chondrocytes, disturbances in the metaphyseal blood supply to the plate, and local abnormalities in cartilaginous growth. It is concluded that these change are pathological, but not a cause of ‘leg weakness’ in pigs.
Some Parasitic Diseases of Dolphins
Authors: Woodard James C. , Zam Stephen G. , Caldwell David K. , Caldwell Melba C.
Published: March 2010

Lungworm infection ( Halocercus sp.) in the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin ( Tursiops truncatus) was found to be very common in animals captured from the wild and in those raised within an aquarium. Infection of the Amazon dolphin ( Inia geoffrensis) with Hunterotrema caballeroi causes pulmonary atelectasis. An unidentified holotrich ciliate was found in the blowholes of over 50% of the animals examined and was responsible for a purulent pneumonia in 1 instance. Hepatic and pancreatic trematodiasis which caused interstitial fibrosis occurred frequently in T. truncatus; the trematode was identified as Campula palliata. Pholeter gastrophilus, a trematode, results in the proliferation of a tumorous mass of fibrous tissue in the wall of the stomach. The sclerotic tissue surrounds cavities containing parasites and ova.
Morphological Changes Caused by Pressure on the Spinal Cord
Authors: Wright Fiona , Palmer A. C.
Published: March 2010

The morphological changes in the spinal cord caused by pressure are described in a series of domestic animals of various species. Three types of lesion are distinguished: totally malacic, partially malacic, and non-malacic. In the non-malacic lesion changes are predominantly in the white matter and consist of de-myclination and hyalinisation of small vessels. The possibility that the immediate cause of such non-malacic lesions may be obstruction of venous drainage from the spinal cord is discussed.
Intrauterine Choriocarcinoma in a Rhesus Monkey
Authors: gLindsey J. R. , Wharton L. R. , Woodruff J. D. , Baker H. J.
Published: March 2010

A spontaneous neoplasm (the fourth reported from the female reproductive organs of the rhesus monkey) is described-an intrauterine choriocarcinoma with massive pulmonary metastasis.
Mammary Gland Neoplasia in the Cow. A Review of the Literature and Report of a Fibrosarcoma
Authors: Povey R. C. , Osborne A. D.
Published: March 2010

A brief review is made of previous reports of neoplasms of the bovine mammary gland. A fibrosarcoma of the udder of a 4-year-old Ayrshire cow is described. The tumour was well circumscribed, had a number of multinucleate giant cells and mitoses, and invaded venules but had no metastasis. The serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activity was elevated.
Intraocular Ganglioglioma in a Dog
Authors: Saunders L. Z. , Geib L. W. , Barron C. N.
Published: March 2010

An intraocular neoplasm is reported from a 5-1/2-month-old dog, which had had clinical signs of ophthalmic disease for about 3 months prior to exenteration. The vitreous chamber was filled with a subretinal neoplastic mass, which consisted histologically of a mixture of glial cells, nerve cells, nerve fibers, and cells resembling ependyma with some cartilage, bone, and bone marrow.

The tumor was diagnosed as a ganglioglioma, a neoplasm which occurs occasionally in human brains and very rarely in human eyes. This is the first report of such a tumor in an animal other than man and the 5th report of it in an intraocular location. As in the human cases, the neoplasm was apparently present at birth or developed shortly thereafter.
Mammary Intraductal Carcinoma in a Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
Authors: Mandal P. C. , Iyer P. K. R.
Published: March 2010

A case of intraductal carcinoma of the mammary gland of an aged female water buffalo is described. Histologically, the growth consisted of intra-luminal proliferation of cells in solid masses with spread to the lymphatics.
Über drei Fälle von Aneurysma dissecans bei Kälbern in Ecuador
Authors: Teuscher E. , López E. Vásconez
Published: March 2010

Zusammenfassung

Es werden drei Fälle von Aneurysma dissecans beim Kalb beschrieben. Zwei Tiere starben an Haemopericardium, ein Tier an Haemothorax. Bei einem Tier wurden am Vorabend Kolikerscheinungen beobachtet.

Alle drei Tiere waren zwischen 2 1/2 und 3 1/2 Monate alt und lebten in einer Höhe von über 2800 m, in einer Gegend, in welcher Jodmangel besteht.

Alle drei Tiere zeigten ausserdem Hypertrophie des rechten Ventrikels, erstes Stadium der “Brisket Disease”. Höhe und ein Mangelfaktor (Jodmangel, Kupfermangel?) werden als mögliche Ursache vermutet, jedoch fehlen noch die nötigen Ergänzungsuntersuchungen.
Gastric Ulcers in Swine. 4. Effects of Dietary Particle Size and Crude Fiber Contents on Ulceration
Authors: Baustad Börge , Nafstad Inger
Published: March 2010

The effects of various nutritional factors on the development of gastric ulcers were studied in 3 experiments including 92 pigs. Coarsely ground soybean meal (10%) in the diet gave better protection than did finely ground soybean meal. Isolated soybean protein had no protective action. A watery extract of soybean meal offered some protection in 1 experiment, but had no effect in another. Coarsely ground barley straw included in the diet at 5 or 10% gave almost full protection against ulceration, whereas 2.5% gave only partial protection. Finely ground straw as 2.5% of the diet gave no protection. With increasing severity of the gastric lesions the gastric content became significantly more fluid.
Ocular Lesions in Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis in 2 Dogs
Authors: Shively James N. , Whiteman Charles E.
Published: March 2010

Monolateral ocular lesions in 2 cases of coccidioidomycosis in dogs were granulomatous uveitis, retinitis, keratitis, and occasional focal scleritis. These lesions were more extensive than those previously described for ocular coccidioidomycosis in the dog.
Severe Enterobiasis in a Chimpanzee
Authors: Schmidt R. E. , Prine J. R.
Published: March 2010

A severe case of enterobiasis was diagnosed in a chimpanzee. The primary lesions were an ulcerative enteritis and mesenteric lymphadenitis. Portions of nematodes identified as Enterobius sp. occurred in both locations. Few reports of this condition in chimpanzees were found in the literature.
Lymph Nodes of Red Deer Infected with Subcutaneous Filariae Wehrdikmansia cervipedis (Wehr et Dikmans, 1935) and Onchocerca flexuosa (Wedl, 1856)
Authors: Dyková I.
Published: March 2010

Histological examinations of the Lnn. cervicales superficiales and subilici in red deer infested with subcutaneous filariae ( Wehrdikmansia cervipedis and Onchocerca flexuosa) revealed microfilariae in several of these nodes. These were located in the sinuses (mainly the marginal), septa, trabeculae, and frequently close to blood vessels or in their wall. These microfilariae evoked a chronic sclerosing lymphadenitis; in one instance there was thrombo-lymphadenitis of an afferent lymphatic vessel. No significant difference was found in the reaction of the nodes to infection by W. cervipedis and to a mixed invasion of W. cervipedis and O. flexuosa.
Ectopic Pancreas in the Rat Report of a Case
Authors: Barron Charlie N.
Published: March 2010

Ectopic exocrine pancreatic tissue was recognized in the submucosa, with extension into the mucosa, and between the layers of the muscularis propria of the duodenum of a male Long-Evans rat.
The Pathogenesis of the Lesions Elicited by Aelurostrongylus abstrusus Durings its Prepatent Period
Authors: Stockdale P.H.G.
Published: March 2010

Aelurostrongylus abstrusus caused focal interstitial pneumonia during the first 25 days after infection. Although the prepatent period of A. abstrusus is 42 d the adult worms lay eggs in the pulmonary parenchyma as early as 25 d after infection. These eggs become centres of extensive granulomata. Adult worms elicit focal interstitial pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and a variety of pulmonary arterial changes.
Comparative Pathology of Astragalus (Locoweed) and Swainsona Poisoning in Sheep
Authors: James Lynn F. , Kampen Kent R. Van , Hartley William J.
Published: March 2010

The toxic effect on pregnant two of Swainsona galegifolia (collected in Australia) and of Astragalus pubentissimus and A. Ientiginosus (collected in the United States) were compared. The signs of intoxication, vacuolar lesions, and clinicopathologic changes were similar. These similarities suggest that the toxic agent or agents may be the same in both genera. Some sheep fed Astragalus aborted and some delivered deformed lambs while those fed Swainsona did not.
Ultimobranchial Tumor of the Thyroid and Pheochromocytoma in the bull
Authors: Wilkie Bruce N. , Krook Lennart
Published: March 2010

An ultimobranchial tumor of the thyroid and a phcochromocytoma occurred in a bull. The thyroid tumor contained amyloid. The occurrence of ultimobranchial tumor of the thyroid and phcochromocytoma was established in a large series of bovine necropsies and the co-existance of these tumors in the bull was highly significant; neither occurred in the cow.
Metastasis of Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor to the Adenohypophysis
Authors: Manning P.J. , Martin P.D.
Published: March 2010

An adult male mixed-breed dog had a transmissible venereal tumor of the penis and prepuce that metastasized to the adenohypophysis local and regional lymph nodes, kidney, liver, and spleen,
A Pituitary Adenoma in a Zebra
Authors: Kennedy G.A. , Treviño G.S.
Published: March 2010

An 8-year-old Grant's zebra ( Equus burchelli böhmi) that had died of pneumonia was found to have an adenoma of the pars intermedia of the pituitary gland, Klossiella equi were an incidental finding in the kidneys,
A Century of Veterinary Pathology at the A.F.I.P., 1870–1970; Dr. Woodward on Bovine Pleuropneumonia
Authors: Saunders L. Z. , Barron C. N.
Published: March 2010

Joseph Janvier Woodward, M.D., Surgeon and Brevet Lieutenant Colonel, U.S. Army, was the first pathologist at the Army Medical Museum, precursor of today's Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. In 1870 he reported a histologic study of pleuropneumonia of cattle, then a serious epizootic disease in the United States, which is: (1) The first histologic study of this disease, (2) the first scientific contribution to veterinary pathology in the United States, and (3) the first contribution to veterinary pathology from the Museum. This long-forgotten paper is reprinted here to celebrate the centenary of the latter event and to pay homage to the memory of its author.
Microscopie Pathology of the Gray Collie Syndrome; Cyclic Neutropenia, Amyloidosis, Enteritis, and Bone Necrosis
Authors: Cheville N.F. , Cutlip R.C. , Moon H.W.
Published: March 2010

Microscopie changes in tissues of 8 dogs with the gray collie syndrome (GCS) and in 5 related non-gray dogs were described. Three of the GCS dogs died as neonates, 2 as puppies, and 3 (treated clinically) as adults.

Clinical signs of disease were abnormal hair pigmentation, cyclic neutropenia, diarrhea, lameness, and chronic ulceration of oral and genital mucosa. Lesions included lymphoid atrophy, amyloidosis, enteritis, aseptic bone necrosis, and acute and chronic purulent inflammation of several organs. Abnormalities in serum included decreased albumin and increased γ- and α-globulin. Electron microscopy of the spleen revealed amyloid fibers deposited chiefly at the periphery of the splenic follicles and within the central artery.

Tissues from non-gray related dogs were normal except for laminar malacia of the motor areas of the cerebral cortex in 3 of these dogs which probably resulted from ischemia due to epileptiform seizures.
Experimental Ovine Mastitis; A Pathologic Study
Authors: El Etreby M.F. , Abdel-Hamid Y.M.
Published: March 2010

Strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium pyogenes, and Corynebacterium ovis isolated from naturally occurring, cases of ovine mastitis in Egypt were inoculated unilaterally via the teats into the mammary glands of 20 native-bred ewes, and the course and pathogenesis of the resulting changes were described.

One ewe of the group infected with S. aureus developed mastitis acuta gravis. The other ewes of this group had Galactophoritis et Mastitis catarrbalis chronica et acuta. The ewes infected with G. pyogenes or with mixed G. pyogenes and S. aureus developed Galactophoritis et Mastitis catarrbatis purulenta acuta et chronica. The ewes infected with C. ovis had Mastitis apostematosa chronica. The mastitis was unilateral in all animals.
Renal Carcinoma in an Owl Monkey; (Aotus trivirgatus)
Authors: Lund J.E. , Burkholder C. , Soave O.A.
Published: March 2010

An apparently healthy adult male owl monkey of unknown age was killed and autopsied 10 weeks after being inoculated with herpes-T virus. The cortex of the left kidney contained a primary papillary renal carcinoma.
Canine Mammary Tumors
Authors: Moulton J. E. , Taylor D. O. N. , Dorn C. R. , Andersen A. C.
Published: March 2010

A retrospective study was conducted of 1,366 cases of canine mammary neoplasms derived from 3 different populations of dogs. The mean ages for occurrence of mammary tumors varied between populations studied from the ninth to eleventh years with malignant neoplasms tending to occur later than benign. Irradiation had no effect on incidence.

Poodles had the largest numbers of papillary adenomas and benign mixed tumors. Dachshunds, chihuahuas, and cocker spaniels had a large proportion of all other types. Papillary adenomas arose from the ductile or alveolar epithelium and accounted for only 5.1% of the tumors. Benign mixed rumors comprised 45.1% and consisted of an adenomatous epithelial component and proliferative fibrous connective tissue or myoepithelium which frequently had undergone metaplasia to cartilage or bone. Malignant mixed tumors accounted for 8.5%, their malignant component being most frequently epithelial.

Carcinomas represented 39.7% of the tumors. More carcinomas were seen among neutered than intact females except in the closed beagle colony where carcinoma was the most frequent neoplasm in the exclusively intact female population. Among the carcinomas, an infiltrating type, usually comprised of ductile cells infiltrating an abundant fibrous stroma, was the most common. A solid type, comprised of masses of epithelial cells with scant or inapparent stroma, was next in frequency. Papillary, lobular, and squamous types of carcinomas occurred in descending order. Malignant myoepitheliomas comprised 1.1% of the tumors; fibrosarcomas, osteosarcomas, and chondrosarcomas were rare, accounting for less than 1%. Approximately 2% of the neoplasms were from males which had no predilection for a particular type of rumor.
Pathology of Locoweed (Astragalus lentiginosus) Poisoning in Sheep; Sequential Development of Cyloplasmie Vacuolation in Tissues
Authors: Van Kampen Kent R. , James Lynn F.
Published: March 2010

Sheep experimentally poisoned by ingestion of Astragalus letiginosus developed cytoplasmic vacuolation of the proximal tubular epithelia within 4 days after beginning of the experiment. Neuronal vacuolation occurred by day 8 and had progressed to neuronolysis by day 16.
Hepatic Cholesterol-Lipid Anomalies Induced by Aflatoxin
Authors: Lynd J. Q. , Lynd F. T.
Published: March 2010

A diet of 60% peanut meal (W.H.O/F.A.O/U.N.I.C.E.F) was fed either toxin free or adulterated with aflatoxin at the rate of 0.948 μg B1 and 0.630 μ G1 to ducklings for a 10-day period. The ingestion of aflatoxin increased from 14.99 in 16.70 μg per day per duckling with outward signs of repression of growth and reduced feed efficiency as measured by changes in weight. Compared with those ducklings fed a toxin-free food, aflatoxin resulted in an increase of the liver in size from 3.8 to 4.4%; total hepatic lipids of the intoxicated ducklings decreased from 23.0% to 14.0% while cholesterol remained above 22% with marked contrast in crystalline form and cellular distribution. Normal changes in triglycerides were reversed with oleic and linoleic acids increased while palmitic and stearic acids were decreased. Levels of linoleic acid were significantly higher within ducklings fed the aflatoxin diet.
Must-Cell Neoplasms of the Domestic Cat
Authors: Garner F. M. , Lingeman Carolyn H.
Published: March 2010

Mast-cell neoplasms may originate in skin or internal viscera of cats. Mast-cell or basophilic myelocytic leukemia may accompany disseminated mastocytosis. Ages of affected cats range from 4 to 16 years with a median age of 10 years. There is no definite predilection as to sex or breed, Neoplastic mast cells vary in degree of differentiation.
Phototoxic Syndrome Induced in Mice by Rice Cultures of Penicillium viridicatum and Exposure to Sunlight
Authors: Budiarso Ivan T. , Carlton William W. , Tuite John F.
Published: March 2010

A hepatogenous phototoxic syndrome was induced in mice by the feeding of rice cultures of P. viridicaunn and exposure to sunlight. The pathologic changes in the livers and skin were similar to those described in facial eczema of sheep in New Zealand and Bermuda-grass and alfalfa-hay toxicoses in the United States of America. The phototoxic syndrome was characterized by congestion of the pinna followed by erythema and edema of the cars, muzzle, paws, and tail, occasionally accompanied by alopecia. In some mice the tip of the ears became gangrenous and sloughed. Keratitis and keratoeonus leading to blindness occurred. The incidence of phototoxic reactions was higher in older mice and in those subjected to delayed exposure to sunlight. Aspermatogenesis and formation of syncytial spermatids occurred in some mice.
Swine Dysentery: Induction and Characterization in Isolated Colonic Loops
Authors: Hughes R. , Olander H. J. , Gallina A. M. , Morrow M. E.
Published: March 2010

The development of the lesions of swine dysentery in surgically isolated colonic loops of growing pigs was studied. Operated, uninoculated pigs served as controls, and test pigs received one of the following preparations: Vibrio coli in saline, V. coli in gastric mucin, crude minced colon from pigs with active dysentery, and filtered minced colon from pigs with active dysentery. A comparison was made of lesions of dysentery in isolated colonic loops with those that developed after oral inoculation of normal pigs. When inoculated into the surgical loops, filtered and unfiltered crude minced colon produced lesions of dysentery within 72 h after inoculation. Intact animals orally inoculated with the same material were unaffected up to 196 h. Use of the isolated loop may be a more sensitive system for the development of lesions of swine dysentery. Direct instillation of loops with V. coli preparations did not produce lesions.