bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Velocity-independent Marchenko focusing in time- and depth-imaging domains for media with mild lateral heterogeneity
Authors: Sripanich Yanadet , Vasconcelos Ivan , Wapenaar Kees
Published: August 2019

The Marchenko method retrieves Green’s functions between the acquisition surface and any arbitrary point in the medium. The process generally involves solving an inversion starting with an initial focusing function, e.g., a direct-wave Green’s function from the desired subsurface position, typically obtained using an approximate velocity model. We have formulated the Marchenko method in the time-imaging domain. In that domain, we recognize that the traveltime of the direct-wave Green’s function is related to the Cheop’s traveltime pyramid commonly used in time-domain processing, which in turn can be readily obtained from the local slopes of the common-midpoint gathers. This observation allows us to substitute the velocity-model-based initial focusing operator with that from a data-driven slope estimation process. Moreover, we found that working in the time-imaging domain allows for the specification of the desired subsurface position in terms of vertical time, which is connected to the Cartesian depth position via the time-to-depth conversion. Our results suggest that the prior velocity model is only required when specifying the position in depth, but this requirement can be circumvented by making use of the time-imaging domain within its usual assumptions (e.g., mild lateral heterogeneity). Provided that those assumptions are satisfied, the estimated Green’s functions from the proposed method have comparable quality to those obtained with the knowledge of a prior velocity model.
Imaging near-surface sharp lateral variations with surface-wave methods — Part 1: Detection and location
Authors: Colombero Chiara , Comina Cesare , Valentina Socco Laura
Published: August 2019

Near-surface sharp lateral variations can be either a target of investigation or an issue for the reconstruction of reliable subsurface models in surface-wave (SW) prospecting. Effective and computationally fast methods are consequently required for detection and location of these shallow heterogeneities. Four SW-based techniques, chosen between available literature methods, are tested for detection and location purposes. All of the techniques are updated for multifold data and then systematically applied on new synthetic and field data. The selected methods are based on computation of the energy, energy decay exponent, attenuation coefficient, and autospectrum. The multifold upgrade is based on the stacking of the computed parameters for single-shot or single-offset records and improves readability and interpretation of the final results. Detection and location capabilities are extensively evaluated on a variety of 2D synthetic models, simulating different target geometries, embedment conditions, and impedance contrasts with respect to the background. The methods are then validated on two field cases: a shallow low-velocity body in a sedimentary sequence and a hard-rock site with two embedded subvertical open fractures. For a quantitative comparison, the horizontal gradients of the four parameters are analyzed to establish uniform criteria for location estimation. All of the methods indicate ability in detecting and locating lateral variations having lower acoustic impedance than the surrounding material, with errors generally comparable or lower than the geophone spacing. More difficulties are encountered in locating targets with higher acoustic impedance than the background, especially in the presence of weak lateral contrasts, high embedment depths, and small dimensions of the object.
The Effects of Water-based Exercise Training in People with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: SCHEER ANNA S. , NAYLOR LOUISE H. , GAN SENG K. , CHARLESWORTH JONATHON , BENJANUVATRA NAT , GREEN DANIEL J. , MAIORANA ANDREW J.
Published: August 2019

Purpose

To investigate the effects of 8 wk of upright water-based exercise training in people with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

Thirteen participants with type 2 diabetes (54% male; 60.9 ± 9.6 yr, mean ± standard deviation) completed 8 wk of upright water-based exercise training at a moderate intensity (60%–80% of exercise test-derived maximum HR), for 1 h, three times a week (TG). Fourteen participants (64% male; 63.9 ± 9.8 yr) acted as a control group (CG) who maintained their usual activities. Preintervention and postintervention, participants performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing to determine V˙O2peak and one-repetition maximum testing to assess muscular strength. Blood profiles were assessed with standard assays. Body mass index and waist/hip ratio were employed as measures of anthropometry. Endothelium-dependent (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation) and independent (glyceryl trinitrate-mediated) function were assessed using vascular ultrasound.

Results

Water-based training increased V˙O2peak (18.5 ± 4.3 mL·kg−1·min−1 to 21.5 ± 5.4 mL·kg−1·min−1) (P = 0.002), overall muscle strength (123 ± 44 kg to 139 ± 43 kg) and leg strength (92 ± 28 kg to 104 ± 29 kg), compared with the CG (P = 0.001). The effect on pectoral strength (31 ± 17 kg to 35 ± 16 kg) was not significantly different to the CG (24 ± 12 kg to 26 ± 14 kg) (P = 0.08). No change was observed in anthropometry, blood profiles, or glyceryl trinitrate-mediated vascular function. Flow-mediated dilation was increased after training (6.1% ± 2.4% to 6.5% ± 3.0%), compared with controls who demonstrated a slight decrease (6.2% ± 1.6% to 5.4% ± 1.6%) (P = 0.002).

Conclusions

Water-based circuit training was well tolerated and appears to be an effective exercise modality for improving aerobic fitness, strength, and vascular function in people with type 2 diabetes.
The Dollar, Bank Leverage, and Deviations from Covered Interest Parity
Authors: Avdjiev Stefan , Du Wenxin , Koch Cathérine , Shin Hyun Song
Published: August 2019

We document a triangular relationship in that a stronger dollar goes hand in hand with larger deviations from covered interest parity (CIP) and contractions of cross-border bank lending in dollars. We argue that underpinning the triangle is the role of the dollar as a key barometer of risk-taking capacity in global capital markets. (JEL F23, F31, G15, G21)
Household Matters: Revisiting the Returns to Capital among Female Microentrepreneurs
Authors: Bernhardt Arielle , Field Erica , Pande Rohini , Rigol Natalia
Published: August 2019

Multiple field experiments report positive financial returns to capital shocks for male and not female microentrepreneurs. But these analyses overlook the fact that female entrepreneurs often reside with male entrepreneurs. Using data from experiments in India, Sri Lanka, and Ghana, we show that the observed gender gap in microenterprise responses does not reflect lower returns on investment, when measured at the household level. Instead, the absence of a profit response among female-run enterprises reflects the fact that women’s capital is typically invested into their husband’s enterprise. We cannot reject equivalence of household-level income gains for male and female capital shock recipients. (JEL G31, J16, L25, L26, O12, O16)
Integrated management of development of protected areas within the digital transformation paradigm of the Russian Federation
Authors: Владимиров Д. , Vladimirov D. , Воротников Александр , Vorotnikov Aleksandr , Тарасов Б. , Tarasov B. , Паньшина В. , Pan'shina V.
Published: August 2019

The article discusses the possibilities and prospects of using digital technologies in the management of protected areas (protected areas). The possibility of using public private partnership (PPP) in the implementation of such projects is shown.
Review of the textbook "Institutional and legal basis of public-private partnership" prepared under the editorship of doctor of economic Sciences, assistant professor of the Department of public administration of MGIMO Alexei A. Mikheev
Authors: Дрегнин О. , Dregnin O.
Published: August 2019

The article presents the analysis of the textbook under the editorship of Mikheev "Institutional and legal foundations of public-private partnership. In the presented textbook the study of institutional and legal foundations of public-private partnership, which is currently a significant topic for economic and legal work. The textbook has a sufficient scientific component, due to the fact that there are various methods of scientific knowledge and provides extensive literature on the problems within the research topic.
Seeing the Trees or the Forest? The Effect of IT Project Managers’ Mental Construal on IT Project Risk Management Activities
Authors: Lee Jong Seok , Keil Mark , Shalev Eliezer
Published: August 2019

In this research, we focused on one of the core issues associated with Information Technology (IT) project management, namely the tendency to inadequately manage project risks. Project managers (PMs) surely must know by now that risks can derail projects and that tools and techniques are available to support the risk management process. Why, then, do many PMs seem unable or unwilling to adequately manage project risks? We believe that answering this fundamental question requires gaining a better understanding of how PMs construe risks. To gain this understanding, we examined key activities associated with the risk management process from a CLT perspective to determine the impact of construal on the judgment and decision-making of IT PMs when it comes to managing IT project risks. We found that IT PMs with a concrete mental construal (1) identify a greater number of project risks; (2) perceive a greater potential impact of project risks; (3) perceive that more effort and resources are required for risk management; and (4) are less willing to enact risk responses than IT PMs with an abstract mental construal. We demonstrate that IT PMs’ mental construal can affect activities that are important to risk management.
Reflexões sobre o Direito e as Relações Internacionais: o desafio da sala de aula | Thoughts on Law and International Relations: the classroom challenge
Authors: Carvalho Daniel Campos , Rizzotti Lima Letícia , Nicésio Gabriel , Figueiredo Blenda
Published: August 2019

A participação do Direito como elemento central na formação dos profissionais de Relações Internacionais (RI) instiga a reflexão sobre os caminhos didático-pedagógicos da área jurídica e suas repercussões no arcabouço ontológico e epistemológico internacionalista. Assim, a partir da necessidade de uma análise crítica sobre a contribuição específica do Direito Internacional na construção teórica-instrumental das RI, este texto propõe uma reflexão sobre as atividades de ensino passível de ser conduzida em qualquer graduação em RI do país. O objetivo central desta proposta é promover um cabedal interpretativo das condições didáticas do ensino do Direito em cursos de RI, além de aclarar, desafios e perspectivas no processo formativo discente.Palavras-chave: Ensino; Relações Internacionais; Direito Internacional.ABSTRACTThe participation of Law as a key element in the training of International Relations (IR) professionals instigates thinking on the didactic-pedagogical paths of this discipline within the internationalist epistemological framework. Thus, based on the need for critical analysis on the specific contribution of International Law to the theoretical-instrumental construction of IR, this paper proposes a reflection on teaching activities that can be conducted at any Brazilian IR course. Our main objective is to promote an interpretative basis of Law’s didactic conditions teaching in courses of IR, besides clarifying challenges and perspectives in the student body’s formative process.Keywords: Teaching; International Relations; International Law.Recebido em: 10 dez. 2018 | Aceito em: 08 ago. 2019
Gomphrena serrata Leaf Extract as Corrosion Inhibitor and Reductant for the Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles
Authors: Vidhya S. , Rose A. Leema , Priya F. Janeeta
Published: August 2019

Adapting eco-friendly methodologies is the need of the hour in the every field of research. In the present work an investigation on Gomphrena serrata leaves was evaluated as a corrosion inhibitor for the mild steel in HCl medium and as a reductant. The G. serrata as an efficient inhibitor it obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm and served as anodic type inhibitor. The impedance study confirms the formation of thin film on the metal surface through its Cdl and Rct values. The copper nanoparticles and their derivatives have been used as a medicine to prevent infection, leg ulcers etc. Gomphrena serrata leaves have good medicinal values, to enhance its medicinal properties it was mediated for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles. The CuNPs formation was confirmed by SPR bands at 345 nm by microwave method and at 341 nm by thermostat method. The functional groups present in the G. serrata also present in the FTIR spectra of CuNPs and it confirms the G. serrata was used as a reducing as well as a capping agent.
Synthesis and Characterization of Co-Doped Fly Ash Catalyst for Chalcone Synthesis
Authors: Ghoshir U.G. , Kande S.R. , Muley G.G. , Gambhire A.B.
Published: August 2019

A series of solid base fly ash hybrid materials were synthesized by doping alkali, alkaline earth metals with nitrogen, separately using co-precipitation process, combined with surfactant incorporating method. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Results revealed that the co-doped hybrid materials are highly stable with particle size in the range of 40-60
nm. The surface basicity of fly ash was upraised by increased hydroxyl content by doping with alkali, alkaline earth metals with nitrogen. The basicity of hybrid material was measured by liquid phase, solvent free, single step condensation of 4-chlorobenzaldehyde and acetophenone giving higher conversion rate and selectivity of desired product chalcone. This conversion showed that the fly ash based hybrid material has sufficient basic site, responsible for the catalytic activity
A reconfiguração da cultura docente na revista argentina La Obra (1970-1980)
Authors: Revah Daniel
Published: August 2019

Este artigo destaca determinadas representações sobre a docência presentes na revista La Obra com a intenção de pôr em foco alguns aspectos da reconfiguração da cultura docente que se opera, na Argentina, nas décadas de 1970 e 1980. Discutem-se certos sentidos e significados implicados nessa reconfiguração a partir do que pode ser observado nessa revista, principalmente em seus editoriais e artigos. As representações analisadas concernem ao viés tecnocrático da Reforma Educativa iniciada na Argentina no final dos anos 1960, à desvalorização dos docentes e suas lutas sindicais, às restrições impostas ao magistério no período da última ditadura, à valorização da dimensão política da docência na transição democrática e, nos anos 1980, à emergência do construtivismo como discurso pedagógico.
O percurso escolar dos imigrantes italianos e alemães na Serra dos Tapes (Pelotas/RS, 1920-1950): similitudes e particularidades
Authors: Brião de Castro Renata , Weiduschadt Patrícia
Published: August 2019

Neste artigo analisam-se as memórias da trajetória escolar dos descendentes de imigrantes italianos e de alemães na região da Serra dos Tapes. Para isso, as fontes de pesquisa estão constituídas por 32 entrevistas, as quais são acervo do Museu Etnográfico da Colônia Maciel, localizado no interior do município de Pelotas (RS). Para isso, utilizam-se teorias acerca da memória coletiva, etnicidade e identidade. A metodologia empregada é a da história oral. O recorte temporal está estabelecido nas décadas em que os entrevistados frequentaram a escola (1920-1950). Serão abordadas as similitudes e particularidades entre os dois grupos. Em ambos os grupos se nota a importância atribuída a escolarização e a religiosidade. Nas particularidades, percebe-se que o grupo dos italianos preferiam as escolas públicas, enquanto os alemães optavam pelas comunitárias em língua alemã.
Patria, razza e civiltà. Le istruzioni per un’emigrazione di successo nei manuali scolastici di Geografia italiani tra fine ‘800 e inizio ‘900
Authors: Bianchini Paolo
Published: August 2019

Il saggio intende illustrare le modalità in cui l’emigrazione e la colonizzazione erano presentate e giustificate nei manuali di geografia italiani nei decenni a cavallo tra XIX e XX secolo. A tal fine sarà analizzata una serie di libri scolastici in uso nelle scuole primarie e secondarie. Molto frequentemente, infatti, i temi dell’emigrazione e della colonizzazione erano trattati ampiamente a scuola, sia perché l’emigrazione era all’epoca un fenomeno di massa che riguardava pressoché tutte le famiglie sia perché l’Italia, recentemente unificata, era alla ricerca di una sua dimensione internazionale per mezzo di una campagna di conquista territoriale e culturale che si estendeva ben oltre il Mediterraneo sino a raggiungere i Paesi al di là dell’Oceano Atlantico. L’obiettivo è analizzare il ruolo della scuola e dell’editoria scolastica nella costruzione di concetti centrali nella vita degli individui, come patria, razza e civiltà, che ancora oggi risentono fortemente delle immagini e degli insegnamenti trasmessi nei secoli passati.
Measurement uncertainty of β-lactam antibiotics results: estimation and clinical impact on therapeutic drug monitoring
Authors: Rigo-Bonnin Raúl , Canalias Francesca , El Haj Cristina , González-Hernando María Cristina , Díaz-Troyano Noelia , Soldevila Laura , Benavent Eva , Murillo Oscar
Published: August 2019

Background

Despite that measurement uncertainty data should facilitate an appropriate interpretation of measured values, there are actually few reported by clinical laboratories. We aimed to estimate the measurement uncertainty of some β-lactam antibiotics (β-LA), and to evaluate the impact of reporting the measurement uncertainty on clinicians’ decisions while guiding antibiotic therapy.

Methods

Measurement uncertainty of β-LA (aztreonam [ATM], cefepime [FEP], ceftazidime [CAZ], and piperacillin [PIP]) values, obtained by an UHPLC-MS/MS based-method, was estimated using the top-down approach called the single laboratory validation approach (EUROLAB guidelines). Main uncertainty sources considered were related to calibrators’ assigned values, the intermediate precision, and the bias. As part of an institutional program, patients with osteoarticular infections are treated with β-LA in continuous infusion and monitored to assure values at least 4 times over the minimal inhibitory concentration (4×MIC). We retrospectively evaluated the impact of two scenarios of laboratory reports on clinicians’ expected decisions while monitoring the treatment: reports containing only the β-LA values, or including the β-LA coverage intervals (β-LA values and their expanded measurement uncertainties).

Results

The relative expanded uncertainties for ATM, FEP, CAZ and PIP were lower than 26.7%, 26.4%, 28.8%, and 25.5%, respectively. Reporting the measurement uncertainty, we identified that clinicians may modify their decision especially in cases where 4×MIC values were within the β-LA coverage intervals.

Conclusions

This study provides a simple method to estimate the measurement uncertainty of β-LA values that can be easily applied in clinical laboratories. Further studies should confirm the potential impact of reporting measurement uncertainty on clinicians’ decision-making while guiding antibiotic therapy.
Forestry Aridity Index in Vojvodina, North Serbia
Authors: Gavrilov Milivoj B. , Lukić Tin , Janc Natalija , Basarin Biljana , Marković Slobodan B.
Published: August 2019

In investigating aridity in Vojvodina (a region in the northern part of Serbia), the Forestry Aridity Index (FAI) was used. This index was chosen due to being one of the most suitable indices for the analysis of the interaction of climate and vegetative processes, especially in forestry. The spatial distribution of the FAI for annual and decennial periods, as well as its annual trend, is analysed. Satisfactory compatibility between the low (forest) and high (steppe) FAI values with the forest and steppe vegetation on the Vojvodina terrains was obtained. The calculated values of the FAI showed that there was no particular annual trend. These results correspond to the earlier calculated values of the De Martonne aridity index and the Pinna combinative index. Therefore, it can be concluded that there were no recent changes in aridity during the observed period. Results of the correlation indicate weak linearity between the FAI, and the North Atlantic Oscillation and El-Niño South Oscillation.
Spin coherent quantum transport of electrons between defects in diamond
Authors: Oberg Lachlan M. , Huang Eric , Reddy Prithvi M. , Alkauskas Audrius , Greentree Andrew D. , Cole Jared H. , Manson Neil B. , Meriles Carlos A. , Doherty Marcus W.
Published: August 2019

The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color center in diamond has rapidly emerged as an important solid-state system for quantum information processing. Whereas individual spin registers have been used to implement small-scale diamond quantum computing, the realization of a large-scale device requires the development of an on-chip quantum bus for transporting information between distant qubits. Here, we propose a method for coherent quantum transport of an electron and its spin state between distant NV centers. Transport is achieved by the implementation of spatial stimulated adiabatic Raman passage through the optical control of the NV center charge states and the confined conduction states of a diamond nanostructure. Our models show that, for two NV centers in a diamond nanowire, high-fidelity transport can be achieved over distances of order hundreds of nanometers in timescales of order hundreds of nanoseconds. Spatial adiabatic passage is therefore a promising option for realizing an on-chip spin quantum bus.
Analyzing the talking book Imagine a world: A multimodal approach to English language learning in a multilingual context
Authors: Lotherington Heather , Tan Sabine , O’Halloran Kay L. , Wignell Peter , Schmitt Andrew
Published: August 2019

In recent years there has been increased academic and professional interest and awareness in approaches to English language teaching (ELT) that take a plurilingual approach. This is often combined with a multimodal stance. The outcome of this combination is an approach to English language teaching that integrates multiple languages and multiple semiotic resources. This paper examines how a plurilingual approach to ELT can be viewed through a multimodal lens by analyzing the construction of a plurilingual talking book created as a student project in an elementary public school. The analysis uses multimodal analysis software to map the interaction of languages and images, in order to determine how these function as meaning-making resources in a multimodal, multiple-language text created by linguistically diverse students with high ELT needs. The findings indicate how combinations of different semiotic resources work together to create meaning, delineates the role of English in meaning-making, and illustrates the children’s multilingual interactions in the creation of their collaboratively composed multimodal talking book.
Validity of the 6-Minute Walk Test and YMCA Submaximal Cycle Test During Midpregnancy
Authors: Tinius Rachel A. , Blankenship Maire , Maples Jill M. , Pitts Bailey C. , Furgal Karen , Norris Elizabeth S. , Hoover Donald L. , Olenick Alyssa , Lambert Joshua , Cade William Todd
Published: August 2019

Tinius, RA, Blankenship, M, Maples, JM, Pitts, BC, Furgal, K, Norris, ES, Hoover, DL, Olenick, A, Lambert, J, and Cade, WT. Validity of the 6-minute walk test and Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) submaximal cycle test during midpregnancy. J Strength Cond Res 35(11): 3236–3242, 2021—Submaximal exercise testing can be a feasible alternative to maximal testing within special populations to safely predict fitness levels; however, submaximal exercise testing has not been well-validated for use during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to determine the concurrent validity of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and the YMCA submaximal cycle test (YMCAT) to predict V̇o
2max in physically active women during midpregnancy. Thirty-seven (n = 37) pregnant women (22.1 ± 1.4 weeks' gestation) and 10 (n = 10) nonpregnant women participated in the study. Subjects completed a graded maximal treadmill test at 1 visit to measure maximal oxygen consumption (V̇o
2max), and then subjects completed the 6MWT and YMCAT in randomized order during a separate visit. The predicted V̇o
2max from each submaximal test were compared with the measured V̇o
2max from the treadmill test to assess the validity of these tests during pregnancy. Among pregnant women, predicted V̇o
2max from the YMCAT was not correlated to the measured V̇o
2max (r = 0.14, p = 0.42), and the predicted V̇o
2max from the 6MWT was only moderately correlated (r = 0.40, p = 0.016) to the measured V̇o
2max. Among nonpregnant women, the predicted V̇o
2max values from both the YMCAT and the 6MWT had strong correlations with the measured V̇o
2max values (YMCAT: r = 0.71, p = 0.02; 6MWT: r = 0.80, p = 0.006). Neither test demonstrated concurrent validity among the pregnant sample. The main finding is that the YMCAT is not a valid method to estimate V̇o
2max during midpregnancy (likely due to physiological changes in heart rate [HR] during pregnancy). The 6MWT has potential to be used clinically for estimating fitness as actual and predicted values did positively correlate, and it is not dependent on HR responses to exercise. However, if a precise measure of fitness is needed, then neither test appears to have strong validity for use during midpregnancy.
A matemática como norteadora do evento de divulgação científica “Conhecendo o cérebro”
Authors: Ekuni Roberta , Costa Priscila Caroza Frasson , Rocha Luiz Renato Martins da , Merlin José Reinaldo , Oliveira Rone Batista de , Seiva Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira
Published: August 2019

A interdisciplinaridade integra diversas disciplinas com um objetivo comum. Norteado pelo tema da Semana Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de 2017, o Grupo de Estudos em Neurociência, em parceria com outros grupos de pesquisa, ensino e extensão da Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná-UENP, promoveu uma exposição visando divulgar como a Matemática está contida em várias ciências. O evento utilizou atividades lúdicas, organização estética dos estandes, demonstrações aplicadas e experimentos. O público-alvo foi focado em crianças e adolescentes, resultando na mobilização de sete docentes de diversas áreas do conhecimento, setenta e doisalunos de graduação, dois de pós-graduação e um colaborador externo que foram expositores do evento, englobando cinco cursos de graduação e um de pós-graduação da UENP. Cerca de trezentas e trinta e uma pessoas visitaram e participaram dessa ação extensionista experienciando a Matemática em diversas disciplinas. Além disso, os alunos expositores se beneficiaram adquirindo experiência na realização dessa ação, aprimorando habilidades de divulgadores da ciência para o público em geral. Já os visitantes vislumbraram diferentes práticas no ensino da Matemáticaem diversas áreas da Ciência.
Relato de Experiência sobre a Inclusão Digital por meio da Extensão na Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
Authors: Guimarães Keslley Willian Crisóstomo , Sales Lucas Barros de , Borges Luciana Correia Lima de Faria , Nunes Eunice Pereira dos Santos
Published: August 2019

Diante dos desafios enfrentados por estudantes de ações afirmativas, destacam-se as dificuldades em lidar com a tecnologias que necessitam utilizar na graduação. Visando auxiliar esses graduandos, criou-se um projeto de extensão para capacitá-los por um curso de informática básica e com metodologias compatíveis às diversas realidades trazidas por eles. Consequentemente, foram obtidos resultados promissores e boa aceitação por parte da comunidade acadêmica, direcionando-os a uma familiaridade com as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC’s).
Inquiry-Based Teaching in the College Classroom: The Nontraditional Student
Authors: Kiernan Daniel A. , Lotter Christine
Published: August 2019

Science departments in higher education have been adjusting their curricula to include more inquiry-based instruction, and research on inquiry-based teaching at the collegiate level has been increasing. However, more data are needed regarding the effectiveness of inquiry-based pedagogy in improving students' conceptual understanding and attitudes toward science. The investigation described here was focused on nontraditional students taking non-science-major science courses. The goal was to compare students' attitudes toward science before and after taking an inquiry-based or a traditional science course. The hypothesis that the inquiry-based course would significantly generate a more positive attitude toward science was supported. Nontraditional students' perceptions of an effective science curriculum were also explored. Students' perceptions were very positive regarding inquiry-based learning; however, those who had not been previously taught through inquiry-based methods had reserved perceptions of this teaching approach. Regardless of the course they were enrolled in, students agreed overall that an effective science curriculum includes three common themes: connection, interaction, and application.
Hearing: An Inquiry-Based Learning Module Linking Biology & Physics
Authors: Schmid Sarah , Bogner Franz X.
Published: August 2019

We describe a structured inquiry-based lesson about the human ear and sound that can lead to long-term retention of content knowledge and reduce the gender gap in science subjects. The lesson integrates the subjects of biology and physics for students about 15 years of age and is suitable with high or low pre-knowledge and for both genders equally. Students learn in hands-on experiments about sound formation and properties; the human outer, middle, and inner ear; and limits to human hearing, both natural and resulting from damage to the inner ear. This lesson is suitable for beginners in inquiry-based learning and teaching. It is designed as structured/level 1 inquiry-based science. The topic and how it is analyzed is provided by the teacher in the lesson material, but students are strongly invited to actively think about why they expect certain results to happen and how the results can be interpreted.
The Pedagogical Potential of Infrared Cameras in Biology Education
Authors: Haglund Jesper , Schönborn Konrad J.
Published: August 2019

Thermal imagery provides new opportunities to study concepts and processes in biology. Examples include using infrared (IR) cameras in educational activities to explore energy transfer and transformation in human physiology, animal thermoregulation, and plant metabolism. The user-friendly and visually intuitive nature of IR technology is well suited to the study of rapidly changing temperatures on biological surfaces, due to such energy transfers. IR cameras are therefore potentially helpful pedagogical tools for approaching the Energy and Matter crosscutting concept in the Life Sciences discipline of the Next Generation Science Standards.
Association of Health Service Quality with Patient Satisfaction in Primary Healthcare Center of Gedongtengen Yogyakarta
Authors: Mustika Yoan Ajeng , Nugrahaningtyas Wahjuning Utami Jacoba , Sukismanto Sukismanto
Published: August 2019

Background: Quality of service is an important indicator in measuring patient satisfaction. Based on the results of a preliminary study in 10 patients, in terms of the dimension of reliability quality, 30% said satisfied and 70% less satisfied; in terms of the dimension of empathy quality, 20% said very satisfied and 80% satisfied; in terms of the dimension of assurance, 90% said satisfied and 10% unsatisfied; in terms of the dimension of responsiveness, 10% said very satisfied, 80% satisfied and 10% less satisfied; in terms of the dimension of tangible, 90% said satisfied and 10% less satisfied. the aim of this study is to identify the association between dimension of health service quality and patient satisfaction in Maternal & Child Health and Family Planning Polyclinic at Pimary Healthcare Center (PHC) of Gedongtengen, Yogyakarta.

Methods: This research employed a descriptive analytical method with cross sectional approach. The population consisted of 170 respondents. Samples were taken using purposive sampling, resulting in 119 respondents as samples. Data were statistically tested using Kendall’s Tau.

Results: The  results of statistical test indicated  that there was a correlation between the dimension of reliability, empathy, assurance, responsiveness, and tangible to patient satisfaction.

Conclusion: There are correlations of the dimensions of reliability, empathy, assurance, responsiveness and tangible with patient satisfaction.
Reproductive Health Education Study Materials for Junior High School Students
Authors: Rochmayani Dewi Sari , Zulaekha Chusnul
Published: August 2019

Background: Some indicators of reproductive health education in schools have not reached the expected level. A preliminary study on junior high school students shows that 90% of students have poor reproductive health knowledge. This situation is an indicator of the weak reproductive health education in junior high schools.

Methods: The design of this study is research and development. The study continued with field tests on 30 junior high school teachers in the Mijen sub-district of Semarang City.

Results: The study succeeded in formulating 5 materials and 18 study materials on reproductive health education for junior high school students. The material includes: 1) Male and female reproductive organs, 2) Personal protection from sexual abuse, 3) Problems related to reproductive health behavior, 4) Sexually transmitted diseases and HIV-AIDS, 5) Environmental care for reproductive health. The mapping results show that 50% of teachers have never learned the materials : the structure and function of reproductive organs, the types of sexually transmitted diseases, and the health effects of sexually transmitted diseases. The level of teacher knowledge about reproductive health education was 26.7% including the excellent category, 33.3% good and 36.7% sufficient.

Conclusion: Materials health education for junior high school students need to be implemented through various forms of intra and extracurricular learning in junior high school.
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM PENGEMBANGAN USAHA AGRIBISNIS PEDESAAN DALAM MEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MISKIN
Authors: Winingsih Yulpia , Sarwan Sarwan
Published: August 2019

This article aims to uncover and analyze the achievement of objectives, accuracy of objectives, satisfaction, and success of rural agribusiness development programs in empowering the poor in the Pesisir Selatan, West Sumatera. This is a qualitative descriptive research type. A few poor communities are respondents of this research. Interview, observation and documentation use as data collection techniques. The results showed that the rural agribusiness development program has not been able to help the community as a whole because there are combinations of farmer groups that have been effective and there is a combination of farmer groups that have not been effective. Effective farmer group combinations are evidenced by increasing income, group members, and assets. While the combination of farmer groups that have not been effective is marked by community mentality that is difficult to change bad habit in using money for ineffective purposes. It is concluded that rural agribusiness development programs has not been succeed in empowering Pesisir Selatan community. The implication is poor community should be given more intensive community empowerment by government through more effective strategies.
Aplicação da Técnica de Mapeamento IDEF-SIM para Identificação e Análise de Desperdícios em Uma Empresa do Setor de Construção Civil
Authors: Mussolini Thiago Pouza , Gaudêncio Juliana Helena Daroz
Published: August 2019

O lean pode ser definido como um conjunto de práticas utilizadas para minimizar defeitos a fim de melhorar o desempenho de uma empresa e, assim, é uma das iniciativas que muitas das grandes empresas têm tentado adotar, a fim de se manterem competitivas no mercado. Dentre essas empresas, o setor de construção civil iniciou a sua utilização nos anos 90 e, atualmente, possui uma vertente denominada lean na construção civil (lean construction). Para uma correta aplicação do lean na construção civil é de interesse compreender quais são os principais desperdícios a serem eliminados e/ou reduzidos. Desta forma, este trabalho visa identificar e sugerir melhorias para eliminação e/ou redução dos 7 tipos de desperdícios adotados no pensamento lean na linha de produção do tubo de concreto JP DN 400 de uma empresa do setor de construção civil. Para a identificação desses desperdícios, este trabalho será conduzido de acordo com a metodologia adotada por meio das seguintes etapas: estudo da teoria, definição do caso a ser estudado, condução da pesquisa de campo, realização do mapeamento, validação do mapeamento, análise e, por fim, a conclusão. Como resultado, foi possível a identificação de cinco tipos de desperdícios e sendo estes os desperdícios do tipo transporte, processamento, movimentação, retrabalho e estoque. Vale ressaltar que a técnica IDEF-SIM permitiu uma fácil visualização dos desperdícios do tipo movimentação e processamento.
Indústria 4.0: O Papel das Federações Empresariais
Authors: Klippel Rodrigo Zillig , Pitassi Claudio
Published: August 2019

A adoção das tecnologias digitais que fizeram emergir a 4ª Revolução Industrial tornou-se crítica no ambiente de negócios da economia pós-industrial, trazendo para economias emergentes pressões ainda maiores no processo de globalização de suas empresas. O objetivo principal deste artigo foi entender como, na percepção dos empresários, a estratégia do Sistema FIRJAN pode colaborar para o desenvolvimento de políticas de estímulo à inovação e à inserção das empresas fluminenses na Indústria 4.0. O estudo adota uma abordagem qualitativa com finalidade exploratória, as evidências coletadas foram tratadas por um processo de codificação auxiliado pelo software ATLAS.ti. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que embora a rede de institutos de inovação contribuísse para a inovação localizada, ficou evidente a falta de políticas orientadas para inovação que promovam a real transformação da indústria fluminense. As narrativas obtidas indicam que grande parte dos empresários considera as tecnologias digitais ou virtuais um luxo dispensável. Esta resistência fortalece a percepção de que a indústria 4.0 é considerada uma realidade muito distante.  De modo a superar uma visão míope e autocentrada de segredo industrial, a FIRJAN, deve criar um senso de urgência nos empresários e estimular, ainda que indiretamente, a troca de conhecimentos tecnológicos entre as empresas do estado.
Gestão do Conhecimento: Um Mapeamento das Principais Publicações Sobre o Assunto para o Levantamento de Temáticas Emergentes
Authors: Castro Ahiram Brunni Cartaxo de , Brito Lydia Maria Pinto , Nodari Cristine Hermann , Silva Pablo Marlon Medeiros da , Montenegro Carolina Barbosa
Published: August 2019

O objetivo do artigo foi mapear a produção científica internacional sobre a Gestão do Conhecimento na Web of Science no recorte temporal entre os anos 2012 e 2018, identificando os principais artigos e as linhas de pesquisa emergentes sobre o assunto. Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo descritiva por meio de um estudo bibliométrico, no qual foram identificados 321 trabalhos publicados nos últimos seis anos no indicador Local Citation Score, que compõem o corpus da análise bibliométrica. Em seguida, os dados coletados foram tratados no software HistCite™. Os resultados sinalizaram que: os trabalhos publicados nos últimos seis anos sobre gestão do conhecimento exploram o núcleo intelectual da temática como disciplina acadêmica, para testar se ela apresenta sinais acadêmicos de uma disciplina de referência. As linhas de pesquisa emergentes sinalizam para a necessidade de estudos sobre o impacto da gestão do conhecimento no desempenho econômico organizacional, sobre a influência da gestão do conhecimento na competitividade tecnológica no mercado atual, e sobre examinar o valor prático da gestão do conhecimento.
O Bolsa Família Aumentou a Eficiência para a Segurança Alimentar?
Authors: Campoli Jessica Suárez , Alves Junior Paulo Nocera , Kodama Tatiana Kimura , Melo Isotilia Costa , Rebelatto Daisy Aparecida do Nascimento
Published: August 2019

A alimentação adequada é direito fundamental do ser humano, inerente à dignidade da pessoa humana e indispensável à realização dos direitos consagrados na constituição federal, devendo o poder público adotar as políticas e ações que se façam necessárias para promover e garantir a segurança alimentar e nutricional da população. Dentre as muitas políticas brasileiras elaboradas para combater a fome desataca-se o Bolsa Família, implantado em 2003. Na literatura há indícios de que uma das causas da queda da insegurança alimentar foi o aumento da renda, onde os programas de transferência de renda como o Bolsa Família foram muito importantes. O objetivo desse artigo é determinar a eficiência relativa do Bolsa Família nas unidades federativas para a segurança alimentar. O método aplicado foi a Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA) – Modelo Slack-Based Measure (SBM) assumindo Retornos Variáveis de Escala (VRS) para os anos de 2004, 2009 e 2013, em conjunto com análise de janela, e o método de desempate Índice Composto de Leta et al. (2005). Assim, os resultados após desempate mostraram que o estado onde o Bolsa Família foi considerado eficiente no período foi Santa Catarina.
Character n-Gram Embeddings to Improve RNN Language Models
Authors: Takase Sho , Suzuki Jun , Nagata Masaaki
Published: August 2019

This paper proposes a novel Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) language model that takes advantage of character information. We focus on character n-grams based on research in the field of word embedding construction (Wieting et al. 2016). Our proposed method constructs word embeddings from character ngram embeddings and combines them with ordinary word embeddings. We demonstrate that the proposed method achieves the best perplexities on the language modeling datasets: Penn Treebank, WikiText-2, and WikiText-103. Moreover, we conduct experiments on application tasks: machine translation and headline generation. The experimental results indicate that our proposed method also positively affects these tasks
Bounding Uncertainty for Active Batch Selection
Authors: Wang Hanmo , Zhou Runwu , Shen Yi-Dong
Published: August 2019

The success of batch mode active learning (BMAL) methods lies in selecting both representative and uncertain samples. Representative samples quickly capture the global structure of the whole dataset, while the uncertain ones refine the decision boundary. There are two principles, namely the direct approach and the screening approach, to make a trade-off between representativeness and uncertainty. Although widely used in literature, little is known about the relationship between these two principles. In this paper, we discover that the two approaches both have shortcomings in the initial stage of BMAL. To alleviate the shortcomings, we bound the certainty scores of unlabeled samples from below and directly combine this lower-bounded certainty with representativeness in the objective function. Additionally, we show that the two aforementioned approaches are mathematically equivalent to two special cases of our approach. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that tries to generalize the direct and screening approaches. The objective function is then solved by super-modularity optimization. Extensive experiments on fifteen datasets indicate that our method has significantly higher classification accuracy on testing data than the latest state-of-the-art BMAL methods, and also scales better even when the size of the unlabeled pool reaches 106.
Adversarial Binary Collaborative Filtering for Implicit Feedback
Authors: Wang Haoyu , Shao Nan , Lian Defu
Published: August 2019

Fast item recommendation based on implicit feedback is vital in practical scenarios due to data-abundance, but challenging because of the lack of negative samples and the large number of recommended items. Recent adversarial methods unifying generative and discriminative models are promising, since the generative model, as a negative sampler, gradually improves as iteration continues. However, binary-valued generative model is still unexplored within the min-max framework, but important for accelerating item recommendation. Optimizing binary-valued models is difficult due to non-smooth and nondifferentiable. To this end, we propose two novel methods to relax the binarization based on the error function and Gumbel trick so that the generative model can be optimized by many popular solvers, such as SGD and ADMM. The binary-valued generative model is then evaluated within the min-max framework on four real-world datasets and shown its superiority to competing hashing-based recommendation algorithms. In addition, our proposed framework can approximate discrete variables precisely and be applied to solve other discrete optimization problems.
From Somatic Variants Toward Precision Oncology: An Investigation of Reporting Practice for Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis
Authors: Peng Rongxue , Zhang Rui , Horan Martin P. , Zhou Li , Chai Sze Yee , Pillay Nalishia , Tay Kwang Hong , Badrick Tony , Li Jinming
Published: August 2019

Background

With the accelerated development of next-generation sequencing (NGS), identified variants, and targeted therapies, clinicians who confront the complicated and multifarious genetic information may not effectively incorporate NGS-based circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis into routine patient care. Consequently, standardized ctDNA testing reports are of vital importance. In an effort to guarantee high-quality reporting performance, we conducted an investigation of the current detection and reporting practices for NGS-based ctDNA analysis.

Materials and Methods

A set of simulated ctDNA samples with known variants at known allelic frequencies and a corresponding case scenario were distributed to 66 genetic testing laboratories for ctDNA analysis. Written reports were collected to evaluate the detection accuracy, reporting integrity, and information sufficiency using 21 predefined criteria.

Results

Current reporting practices for NGS-based ctDNA analysis were found to be far from satisfactory, especially regarding testing interpretation and methodological details. Only 42.4% of laboratories reported the results in complete concordance with the expected results. Moreover, 74.2% of reports only listed aberrations with direct and well-known treatment consequences for the tumor type in question. Genetic aberrations for which experimental agents and/or drug access programs are available may thus be overlooked. Furthermore, methodological details for the interpretation of results were missing from the majority of reports (87.9%).

Conclusion

This proof-of-principle study suggests that the capacity for accurate identification of variants, rational interpretation of genotypes, comprehensive recommendation of potential medications, and detailed description of methodologies need to be further improved before ctDNA analysis can be formally implemented in the clinic.