bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Barium stable isotopes as a fingerprint of biological cycling in the Amazon River Basin
Authors: Charbonnier Quentin , Bouchez Julien , Gaillardet Jérôme , Gayer Éric
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Although biological cycling of rock-derived nutrients is a major operator of element cycles at the Earth surface, its magnitude still remains elusive. The isotope composition of rock-derived nutrients, which can be fractionated during biological uptake, is a powerful tool to quantify biological cycling. In this paper we use the elemental and isotopic composition of such a rock-derived nutrient, the trace element barium (Ba), measured in river dissolved and sediment load samples collected across the Amazon Basin. We show that dissolved Ba derives mainly from silicate rocks, while a correlation between dissolved Ba and K abundances suggests a strong role of biological cycling on the Ba river budget. The isotope composition of Ba (δ138Ba) of the dissolved load is significantly different from that of silicate rocks and is affected by i) formation of secondary phases and ii) biological uptake and release from dead organic matter. Results from an isotope mass balance model applied to the river dissolved load data indicate that after its release to solution by rock weathering, Ba is partitioned between the dissolved load, the secondary weathering products such as those found in soils and river sediments, and the biota. In most sub-catchments of the Amazon, river dissolved Ba abundance and isotope composition are significantly affected by biological cycling. Relationships between estimates of Ba cycling and independent metrics of ecosystem dynamics (such as Gross Primary Production and Terrestrial Ecosystem Respiration) allows us to discuss the role of erosion rates on the cycling of rock-derived nutrients. In addition, river catchment-scale mass and isotope budgets of Ba show that the measured riverine export of Ba is lower than the estimated delivery of Ba to the Earth surface through rock alteration. This indicates the existence of a missing Ba component, that we attribute to the formation of a Ba-bearing particulate organic component, possibly accumulating as soil organic matter or currently growing biomass within the catchments; and to organic-bound exported as unsampled river particulate organic matter. Given our findings on the minor nutrient Ba, we explore whether the river fluxes of most major rock-derived nutrients (K, Mg, Ca) might also be significantly affected by biological uptake or release. A first-order correction of river-derived silicate weathering fluxes from biological cycling shows that, at the Amazon at mouth, the CO2 consumption by silicate weathering should be 20 % higher than the yet-reported value. Overall, our study clearly shows that the chemical and isotope composition of the Amazon (and most likely of most rivers) bears a biological imprint.
The Cloud-resolving model Radar SIMulator (CR-SIM) Version 3.3: description and applications of a virtual observatory
Authors: Oue Mariko , Tatarevic Aleksandra , Kollias Pavlos , Wang Dié , Yu Kwangmin , Vogelmann Andrew M.
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Ground-based observatories use multisensor observations to characterize cloud and precipitation properties. One of the challenges is how to design
strategies to best use these observations to understand these properties and evaluate weather and climate models. This paper introduces the Cloud-resolving model Radar SIMulator (CR-SIM), which uses output from high-resolution cloud-resolving models (CRMs) to emulate multiwavelength,
zenith-pointing, and scanning radar observables and multisensor (radar and lidar) products. CR-SIM allows for direct comparison between an atmospheric
model simulation and remote-sensing products using a forward-modeling framework consistent with the microphysical assumptions used in the atmospheric
model. CR-SIM has the flexibility to easily incorporate additional microphysical modules, such as microphysical schemes and scattering calculations,
and expand the applications to simulate multisensor retrieval products. In this paper, we present several applications of CR-SIM for evaluating the
representativeness of cloud microphysics and dynamics in a CRM, quantifying uncertainties in radar–lidar integrated cloud products and multi-Doppler
wind retrievals, and optimizing radar sampling strategy using observing system simulation experiments. These applications demonstrate CR-SIM as a virtual observatory operator on high-resolution model output for a consistent comparison between model results and observations to aid
interpretation of the differences and improve understanding of the representativeness errors due to the sampling limitations of the ground-based
measurements. CR-SIM is licensed under the GNU GPL package and both the software and the user guide are publicly available to the scientific
community.
Tendencias en formatos publicitarios en la programación televisiva
Authors: Rom-Rodríguez Josep , Fondevila-Gascón Joan-Francesc , Polo-López Marc
Published: April 2020

La evolución del medio televisivo está provocando cambios en los formatos publicitarios incorporados al medio. El sector publicitario se halla inmerso en un período de cambio en diversos sentidos, desde el estructural hasta la tipología de inserciones a realizar en las programaciones. Metodológicamente, utilizamos la técnica cualitativa del Delphi, la más recomendable en aproximaciones prospectivas a objetos de estudio incipientes, como el HbbTV (Hybrid broadcast broadband TV). Se concluye que los factores clave que definen el sector de la publicidad son la transformación digital y el modelo de negocio, y, a tres años vista, la personalización, la automatización y la programática. Como canales de comunicación que utilizará más la publicidad se elevan las redes sociales, y como conocimientos, habilidades y competencias que deberá reunir el profesional de la publicidad del futuro destaca la estrategia.
El origen de la televisión deportiva de pago en España
Authors: Bonaut-Iriarte Joseba , Vicent Ibáñez Mireya
Published: April 2020

El modelo de programación deportiva televisiva de pago cumple 30 años en España. Canal Plus fue el primer ejemplo de una oferta basada en la “exclusividad” e introdujo en España algunos aspectos básicos de la lógica programática deportiva que actualmente marcan el complejo y heterogéneo mercado audiovisual.

El objetivo de este artículo es profundizar en el caso de Canal Plus España como primer modelo de televisión de pago, y concretar en la lógica programática deportiva que desarrolló, explicar qué estrategias utilizó para atraer nuevos suscriptores, qué contenidos deportivos y tipo de programas, y cuál fue su tratamiento formal diferenciador para generar una nueva experiencia televisiva para el espectador.

De esta forma, se podrá observar el grado de originalidad de la oferta deportiva de Canal Plus, el papel real de estrategias programáticas consolidadas, y la influencia de los contenidos deportivos en el futuro desarrollo de la televisión de pago en España.
Contradicciones y veleidades en el debate parlamentario sobre la Televisión pública en España (1990-2010)
Authors: Martín-Quevedo Juan , Antona Jimeno Tamara , Navarro Sierra Nuria
Published: April 2020

La llegada de la televisión privada a España a partir de 1990 sumió a la televisión pública en una doble crisis: financiera, debido a la pérdida de ingresos por publicidad, y de función, pues no se había planteado qué significaba ser una televisión de servicio público. Este artículo analiza el debate político en la Comisión de Control de RTVE en el Parlamento entre 1990 y 2010, fecha de entrada en vigor de la ley que definió un nuevo modelo de TVE, sin publicidad y con una definición clara de servicio público. La falta de voluntad política por parte de los sucesivos gobiernos para hacer cambios reales y una oposición más interesada en erosionar al gobierno de turno que en dirimir los grandes debates de fondo sobre el modelo televisión pública hicieron que los cambios llegaran forzados por circunstancias exteriores, como la normativa europea o la crisis del mercado publicitario.
Las series documentales españolas (1990-2010): entre la divulgación y la concienciación
Authors: Paz Rebollo María Antonia , Martínez Valerio Lizette , Mayagoitia Soria Ana
Published: April 2020

Este artículo analiza los documentales españoles emitidos en las cadenas generalistas públicas (TVE1, TVE2) y comerciales (Antena3, Telecinco, Cuatro y La Sexta), desde la llegada de la competencia privada hasta la implantación de la TDT (1990-2010) para determinar si la espectacularización, que se extendió a todos los contenidos televisivos en aquellos años, alejó al documental de la función divulgativa con la que se había creado. Se aplica un análisis de contenido para valorar la importancia de las series documentales en la programación (franjas, cadenas, nacionalidad, géneros) y un análisis textual de las producciones españolas para examinar los temas y los enfoques, además de la presencia de elementos sensacionalistas y propuestas creativas. Se demuestra que el documental tuvo una presencia minoritaria en la oferta de esos años salvo en las cadenas públicas (TVE2). Las producciones españolas experimentaron cambios importantes en la manera de abordar los temas y en su presentación, y el documental no perdió su esencia divulgativa, pero se convirtió en un género más osado, combativo, militante, orientado sobre todo a agitar conciencias.
Estrategias de activación de la audiencia social en Twitter de los programas más populares de la televisión generalista en Europa
Authors: Coromina Rodríguez Òscar , Delgado Matilde , Prado Emili , García-Muñoz Núria
Published: April 2020

El objetivo principal de esta investigación se centra en la interacción de la industria televisiva en abierto con su audiencia social a través de Twitter. Con este propósito, presentamos los resultados del análisis de contenido de las cuentas oficiales de los programas de mayor audiencia de un total de 26 canales generalistas en abierto en los cinco mayores mercados europeos (Alemania, Italia, UK, Francia y España). Los tuits publicados en las cuentas de dichos programas televisivos han sido recopilados a través del API y software específico. Los objetivos del estudio se concretan en el conocimiento de las formas, contenido, estrategias de activación de la audiencia social y tipologías de las publicaciones en las cuentas de estos programas pertenecientes a los tres principales pilares de la programación televisiva (ficción, info-show e información) y también en las divergencias y similitudes que existen entre las televisiones generalistas en función del país, la titularidad de las cadenas y el género programático. De nuestros resultados se desprende un interés bajo, aunque desigual entre países, por parte de los programas más populares por interactuar con su audiencia social en Twitter.
La evolución del reportaje en televisión: infoentretenimiento y espectacularización de la realidad. Un nuevo género en el cambio de milenio
Authors: Domínguez Quintas Susana , Arévalo-Iglesias Lorena
Published: April 2020

Con la aparición en España de las cadenas de televisión privadas en la década de los 90, los contenidos informativos cambian, se aligeran e inician un camino hacia la espectacularización. En ese contexto uno de los géneros que más ha sufrido la transformación es el reportaje. Poco o nada queda de aquellos primeros programas de información semanal en los que no cabía el protagonismo del periodista ni la popularización de los temas. Los programas de reportajes entre 1990 y el año 2000 ofrecen una realidad extremadamente tamizada que busca la llamada de atención de un público motivado por el sentimiento y la emotividad. Es la consolidación del docu-reality. En este artículo proponemos, tras una revisión bibliográfica en torno a la espectacularización de la información y el concepto de soft news, ver cómo ha evolucionado un género periodístico esencial en la televisión durante estos 20 años.
Construcción de género en los telefilmes emitidos en la televisión generalista española (2005-2018): Análisis y propuesta de un código de buenas prácticas
Authors: Tello Díaz Lucía
Published: April 2020

Durante la última década, la emisión de telefilmes en la televisión generalista española ha aumentado exponencialmente. Con el fin de estudiar la construcción de género en las 641 tv movies emitidas en el período propuesto, en este estudio se analizan cuantitativa y cualitativamente aspectos como su contenido, rol protagónico, formatos, frecuencia y canales de emisión, así como dirección, escritura, empresas productoras y los principales canales que las programan. Se observará que estas películas, de producción norteamericana y alemana eminentemente, copan la programación de sobremesa y tarde retratando a la mujer anclada a estereotipos de género tanto en el drama familiar, el thriller o el chick-flick. Tomando como base el marco de los Indicadores de género para medios de comunicación (GSIM) de la UNESCO, la investigación concluye con la propuesta de buenas prácticas para fomentar la paridad en la producción y conseguir una mirada que reduzca los estereotipos de género
Efficacy of biologic therapies for biologic-naïve Japanese patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Hibi Toshifumi , Kamae Isao , Pinton Philippe , Ursos Lyann , Iwakiri Ryuichi , Hather Greg , Patel Haridarshan
Published: April 2020

Background/Aims: Several biologic therapies are approved in Japan to treat moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC), but there are no published comparative efficacy studies in a Japanese population. We compared the efficacy of biologics approved in Japan (adalimumab, infliximab, golimumab, and vedolizumab) for treating biologic-naïve patients with UC at their approved doses.Methods: A targeted literature review identified 4 randomized controlled trials of biologics for UC in biologicnaïve Japanese patients. For each study, efficacy outcome data from induction (weeks 6–12) and maintenance (weeks 30–60) treatment were extracted for analysis. Treatment effects on clinical response, clinical remission, and mucosal healing relative to the average placebo results across all trials were estimated using network meta-analyses followed by transformation into probabilities and odds ratios (OR).Results: At the end of induction, the likelihood of clinical response and clinical remission was highest with infliximab (OR: 2.12 and 2.35, respectively) and vedolizumab (OR: 2.10 and 2.32, respectively); the likelihood of mucosal healing was highest with infliximab (OR: 2.24) and adalimumab (OR: 1.86). During maintenance, the likelihood of clinical response and clinical remission was highest with vedolizumab (OR: 6.44 and 4.68, respectively) and golimumab (OR: 5.13 and 3.84, respectively); the likelihood of mucosal healing was significantly higher than placebo with all biologics.Conclusions: All active treatments were efficacious compared with placebo. Infliximab and vedolizumab had the highest odds for induction of clinical response, remission, and mucosal healing. Golimumab and vedolizumab had numerically higher odds of achieving efficacy outcomes in the maintenance phase.
Views from Teachers, Children and Parents on the Reception of Refugees in Primary School in Greece
Authors: Sounoglou Marina , Michalopoulou Aikaterini
Published: April 2020

The refugee issue facing our country in recent years has triggered a heated debate in the social sciences about its impact on students. Most research focuses on the education of refugees and their smooth integration into society and the psychological support of families. However, there is a lack of interest in the research field for refugee reception about the teachers, pupils and parents' views and what their perspective is on this, as they directly and indirectly affect them. In this context, the present study focuses on the perspective of teachers, pupils and parents on the refugee issue, what they feel and how they perceive it, and we will examine whether the formal curriculum and informal curriculum through actions taken teachers can influence students' attitudes. In the direction indicated by the international literature, this research will be structured in a sample data collection (25 teachers, 25 students, 25 parents in Thessaloniki, Greece) through questionnaire and interview questions in primary school children on the perspective of teachers, students and parents on the refugee issue. The research findings are expected to illuminate the perspective of teachers, students, and parents on the current issue of refugee issue.
La preservación de los espacios agrofluviales urbanos como reto paisajístico: un análisis comparativo de Lleida, Girona y Perpinyà a partir de los instrumentos de planificación
Authors: Rode Sylvain , Santasusagna Riu Albert , Tort Donada Joan , Vadrí Fortuny Maria Teresa
Published: April 2020

En el presente artículo se lleva a cabo un estudio comparativo de tres ejemplos de paisaje agrario patrimonial que, más allá de sus diferencias en cuanto a características y extensión, se sitúan en unos contextos de transición urbano-rural similares: la extensa Horta de Lleida, en el curso bajo del río Segre; las Hortes de Santa Eugènia, junto a los ríos Onyar y Ter en Girona, y los Horts de Sant Jaume, en Perpinyà, vinculados al río Tet. A partir del análisis de los instrumentos de planificación urbana que, en cada caso, les han afectado, trazamos una síntesis de su evolución a lo largo de los últimos 70 años como espacios agrarios enmarcados en una trama urbana y vinculados a un curso fluvial. Como corolario, planteamos en qué medida es posible llevar a cabo en ellos una gestión que concilie su funcionalidad con la preservación de su valor histórico y patrimonial.
COVID-19 – current clinical data and review of recommendations for otolaryngologists and dentists
Authors: Niemczyk Kazimierz , Jasińska Agnieszka , Krawczyk Przemysław , Bilińska Małgorzata
Published: April 2020

Despite multidirectional activities in the sphere of politics, health care and limiting direct interpersonal contacts to a minimum, the Covid-19 pandemic has covered the whole world and the number of new cases is rising exponentially. This demonstrates the considerable severity of the situation. The doctors and other health professionals are and will be at the forefront of the fight against the pandemic, being at the same time the group most at risk of infection. SARS-CoV-2 virus infection applies to patients of all ages, with a median age of 49–59 years. The most common complaints in patients with Covid-19 include fever, caught, dyspnea, general malaise and muscle aches. In the course of Covid-19 may occur pneumonia, which in about 20% of cases is moderately to severe and associated with respiratory distress. Important for otorhinolaryngologists are reports of smell and taste disorders. Post-infective loss of smell can make up about 30% of all patients with Covid-19. The confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with symptomatic or epidemiological suspicion of Covid-19 are genetic tests RT-PCR. Biological material is usually taken from the nose or nasopharynx. The management of Covid-19 is symptomatic because there is currently no specific cure drug. There is a particularly high risk of transmitting infection from a patient to the physicians, who are treating diseases of the respiratory tract or perform any interventions on the upper and lower respiratory tract. Low-symptomatic first stages of the disease with high viral load mean that during a pandemic, scheduled examinations and procedures should be limited. During the examination of patients or their treatment, adequate full PPE protection is indicated, reducing the risk of accidental infection of the treatment team. For the treatment of patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection or requiring immediate treatment without the possibility of determining epidemiological factors Covid-19, full protection in PPE is obligatory.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN CYBERSPACE
Authors: WYRĘBEK HENRYK , CIEKANOWSKI ZBIGNIEW
Published: April 2020

The turn of the twenty-fi rst century is the time of a global revolution
consisting in an avalanche of modern technologies. The achievements
of science and technology are used in every fi eld of human existence. The
basis of functioning of modern society is the use of cyberspace. Access to mobile
phones, computers and the global ICT network is a determinant of societal
development. The idea of universal automation and computerisation
is a fact. The possibility of using high-speed ICT connections is not only the
domain of scientifi c institutions, military agents and large business entities.
A global computer network connects individuals. The intensive development
of modern technologies, the Internet and telecommunication networks has
enabled the emergence of a new approach in communication between citizens
and the state (with central and local government offi ces). It has also
enabled the introduction of new solutions, models and services at this level,
resulting directly from specifi c social needs and expectations. According
to the assumptions of the idea of e-government, the basic premise for creating
e-government is to improve contact with the authorities at all levels, and
to speed up procedures for dealing with offi cial matters. Investing in modern
administration may bring tangible benefi ts to citizens and entrepreneurs
as well as to the administration itself.
BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY — INNOVATION AND SECURITY
Authors: BOROWIK GRZEGORZ , WAWRZYNIAK ZBIGNIEW , CICHOSZ PAWEŁ
Published: April 2020

Blockchain is one of the most revolutionary technologies of the
21st century, which is still under development, and whose potential is not yet
fully exploited. Although blockchain gained importance in 2009, scientists
and entrepreneurs are still at an early stage of understanding its mechanisms
and fully appreciating its potential, especially from the perspective of
the technical challenges and limitations of the technology. Blockchain fi nds
a variety of applications, especially in areas that have so far been based on
third-party transactions in order to maintain a certain level of trust. Although
blockchain is a promising technology for the reorganisation of business processes
and many industrial applications, it still has many weaknesses despite
various implementations in many forms. An innovative element, and
one of the most attractive functions, of blockchain is intelligent contracts, as
they reduce or even completely eliminate the administrative costs associated
with the lack of trust in the transaction. However, the existing software that
is built on this infrastructure has many shortcomings and unfortunately,
combined with the lack of maturity of the scripting language to write the
contract representation in the computer language, leads to errors or gaps
in security that are not noticed or addressed by the author of the script. So
far, no blockchain-based system has been completely broken. Nevertheless,
phishing is the main trend in the operation of criminals in blockchain
networks. Research has shown that over $115 million has been stolen from
nearly 17,000 victims in the Ethereum blockchain alone. It is estimated that
in total about 10% of the money invested in Ethereum’s ICO has ended up
in the hands of criminals.
On Machine Learning and Knowledge Organization in Multimedia Information Retrieval
Authors: MacFarlane Andrew , Missaoui Sondess , Frankowska-Takhari Sylwia
Published: April 2020

Recent technological developments have increased the use of machine learning to solve many problems, including many in information retrieval. Multimedia information retrieval as a problem represents a significant challenge to machine learning as a technological solution, but some problems can still be addressed by using appropriate AI techniques. We review the technological developments and provide a perspective on the use of machine learning in conjunction with knowledge organization to address multimedia IR needs. The semantic gap in multimedia IR remains a significant problem in the field, and solutions to them are many years off. However, new technological developments allow the use of knowledge organization and machine learning in multimedia search systems and services. Specifically, we argue that, the improvement of detection of some classes of low-level features in images music and video can be used in conjunction with knowledge organization to tag or label multimedia content for better retrieval performance. We provide an overview of the use of knowledge organization schemes in machine learning and make recommendations to information professionals on the use of this technology with knowledge organization techniques to solve multimedia IR problems. We introduce a five-step process model that extracts features from multimedia objects (Step 1) from both knowledge organization (Step 1a) and machine learning (Step 1b), merging them together (Step 2) to create an index of those multimedia objects (Step 3). We also overview further steps in creating an application to utilize the multimedia objects (Step 4) and maintaining and updating the database of features on those objects (Step 5).
Menschenrechts- und Demokratieklauseln in den Außenbeziehungen der Europäischen Union zu den AKP-Staaten
Authors: Christoph Leonhard
Published: April 2020

Die EU gründet auf dem Willen, Frieden zu fördern und eine Welt zu schaffen, die auf der Achtung der Menschenrechte, Demokratie und Rechtsstaatlichkeit beruht. Seit dem Vertrag von Lissabon stellt Art. 21 EUV die explizite primärrechtliche Grundlage für die Verfolgung nichtökonomischer Ziele in der Außenpolitik dar. In sämtlichen Abkommen mit Drittstaaten versucht die EU Menschenrechtsklauseln aufzunehmen. Deren Regelungsgehalt unterlag im Laufe der Zeit einem Wandel. Ihre Entwicklung ist stark mit den Beziehungen zu den AKP-Staaten verbunden. Der Fokus der Fallstudien, die Konsultationsverfahren nach Art. 96 des Cotonou-Abkommen untersuchen, liegt daher auf diesen Ländern. Den Schwerpunkt bildet die Analyse der Gründe für die Verhängung von Sanktionen gegenüber Simbabwe und ihre Wirksamkeit. Die Aktualität des Themas ergibt sich vor dem Hintergrund des im Jahr 2020 auslaufenden Cotonou-Abkommens und der Frage, ob eine werteorientierte Außenpolitik noch zeitgemäß ist.
Politische Hochleistungsteams im Deutschen Bundestag
Authors: Lettrari Adriana
Published: April 2020

Members’ offices in the German Bundestag, like high-performance teams, have to cope with hyper-complex requirements due to the increased speed of political operations. Smooth interaction between members of parliament and their staff is critical for successful results. This practice-oriented publication illustrates how MPs’ office teams can develop into political high-performance teams and thus engage in professional political management. This is done by the author presenting five effective proactive and reactive practices. The book’s qualitative empirical investigation focuses attention on both the previous working methods used in parliamentary operations and what life is like within parliament from the perspective of organisational science. The author’s central finding of the ‘principle of chance’ illustrates its great relevance for a framework ideally suited to daily cooperation, because the acceleration of political constraints and decision-making pressures, and thus the challenges for the offices of members of parliament, will continue to increase, especially in times of rapidly advancing digitalisation.
Das Befristungsrecht des wissenschaftlichen Personals an deutschen Hochschulen zwischen wissenschaftlicher Dynamik und sozialer Sicherheit
Authors: Domke Friedrun
Published: April 2020

Art. 5 Abs. 3 des Grundgesetzes verpflichtet den Staat, die Pflege der freien Wissenschaft und ihre Vermittlung an die nachfolgende Generation durch die Bereitstellung von personellen, finanziellen und organisatorischen Mitteln zu ermöglichen und zu fördern. Dazu gehört auch, planbare und verlässliche Karrierewege zu schaffen und die arbeitsrechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen für die Arbeit an der Hochschule zu gewährleisten. Das Wissenschaftszeitvertragsgesetz hat sich zum Ziel gesetzt, die dafür erforderliche Rechtssicherheit und Transparenz zu schaffen. Die Anzahl und die Längen der Befristungen an den Hochschulen stehen jedoch weiter in der Kritik. Unsachgemäße Kurzbefristungen und Kettenbefristungen sollten durch die Novellierung unter anderem eingedämmt werden. Die Autorin untersucht anhand der einzelnen existierenden Rechtsprobleme, ob das fortdauernde Ziel des Gesetzes durch die letzte Überarbeitung wieder mehr fokussiert wurde und unterbreitet Lösungsvorschläge für eine Verbesserung der Situation.
Dificultades en el autoconcepto en función del sexo y estudios de jóvenes con retinosis pigmentaria
Authors: Chacón-López Helena , López-Justicia María-Dolores
Published: April 2020

RESUMEN Introducción: Dada la relevancia del autoconcepto en el ámbito educativo y en la vida personal, social y laboral, en la presente investigación se analizan intra-sexos las dificultades en este constructo en jóvenes de 18 a 30 años (14 hombres y 23 mujeres) con degeneración retiniana, frente a otros sin afectación; indagando en el papel que desempeña el nivel de estudios (primarios/secundarios, universitarios). Método: Participaron 74 personas (37 afectados y 37 sin afectación), igualados en sexo y nivel educativo. Se utilizó la Escala de Autoconcepto Tennesse y un cuestionario sociodemográfico elaborado ad hoc. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos en los distintos análisis no paramétricos llevados a cabo mostraron que, tanto entre mujeres como entre hombres afectados, se detectaron puntuaciones inferiores en autoconcepto físico; constatándose igualmente que las mujeres con estudios superiores se percibían mejor en éste; mientras que los hombres obtenían mayores puntuaciones en el factor personal. Conclusiones: Se sugiere a los profesionales de la orientación y psicopedagogía que trabajan con estos jóvenes identificar los puntos fuertes en los que cada cual destaque reforzándolos y resaltándolos, así como detectar los aspectos más deficitarios del autoconcepto para entrenarlos, en aras de favorecer el sentimiento de valía y competencia personal.ABSTRACTIntroduction: Attending to the relevance of self-concept in the educational field and in the personal, social and labor life, this study analyzed the difficulties intra-sexes of young people between 18 to 30 years old (14 men y 23 women) affected by a retinal degeneration, compared to others without affectation; enquire into the role of the academic level (primary/secondary, university). Method: Participants were 74 people (37 affected and 37 non-affected), matched in sex and educational level. The Tennessee Self-Concept Scale and a sociodemographic questionnaire elaborated ad hoc were used. Results: The results obtained in the different non-parametric analysis carried out, between affected women and between affected men, showed that lower scores were detected in physical self-concept; verifying that women with higher studies were perceived better in this; while men obtained higher scores in personal self-concept. Conclusions: Data suggested to the guidance and psychopedagogy professionals who work with these young people to identify the strong points in which each one stands out, reinforcing and highlighting them, as well as detecting the most deficient aspects of the self-concept in order to train them, in order to promote the feeling of worth and personal competence.
Funkcionalni hipogonadizem in prevalenca znižane ravni celokupnega testosterona pri sladkornih bolnikih tipa 2
Authors: Groti Antonić Kristina
Published: April 2020

Približno 50 % moških, starejših od 40 let, ki se zdravijo za sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2 (SB2) in debelostjo, ima znižano raven celokupnega testosterona; številni imajo tudi znake hipogonadizma. Funkcionalni hipogonadizem lahko vpliva na slabšo urejenost sladkorne bolezni, prezgodnji nastanek srčno-žilnih zapletov, povzroča erektilno disfunkcijo, znižano mineralno kostno gostoto in je vzrok za upad mišične mase in kopičenje visceralne maščobe.Prvi del prispevka opisuje patofiziologijo, klinično sliko, diagnosticiranje in zdravljenje funkcionalnega hipogonadizma. V drugem delu prispevka so predstavljeni rezultati presečne študije, opravljene v obdobju 2014–2015 med sladkornimi bolniki tipa 2, ki se vodijo v Diabetični ambulanti Splošne bolnišnice Celje. S študijo smo ugotovili prevalenco znižane ravni celokupnega testosterona. V presečno študijo je bilo vključenih 165 bolnikov. 87 bolnikov je imelo znižano raven celokupnega testosterona (pod 11 nmol/l), 78 pa je imelo normalno raven celokupnega testosterona. Prevalenco znižane ravni celokupnega testosterona med debelimi bolniki s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2 smo ocenili na 52,7 %.
Coding and educational robotics and their relationship with computational and creative thinking. A compressive review
Authors: Avello Raidell , Lavonen Jari , Zapata-Ros Miguel
Published: April 2020

Nuevas herramientas tecnológicas, servicios basados ​​en tecnología y soporte se están introduciendo en nuestra vida diaria más rápido que nunca. Entre estos avances tecnológicos, la tecnología robótica ha aumentado dramáticamente en los últimos años, así como su inclusión en la educación. El propósito del trabajo es ofrecer una revisión compresiva sobre las definiciones de pensamiento computacional y creativo y su medición, además, su relación con la codificación y la robótica educativa. La revisión se basa en los artículos más citados publicados en los últimos 10 años, recuperados de Google Scholar y otras bases de datos prestigiosas. La revisión ha demostrado que, con el uso de kits de codificación y robótica, generalmente no hay una forma correcta de resolver un desafío, y el pensamiento computacional y creativo está relacionado para encontrar una solución eficiente y buena a los problemas. No tener una respuesta correcta pero múltiples formas de abordar un problema es una experiencia con la que muchos maestros no están familiarizados. Es por eso que se necesita más investigación científica a este respecto, en términos de intervenciones exitosas que muestren evidencia y buenas prácticas que sirvan como capacitación y guíen a los maestros.

New technological tools, technology-based services and support are being introduced into our daily lives faster than ever. Among these technological advances robotic technology has increased dramatically in recent years, the same as its inclusion in education. The purpose of the paper is offer a compressive review about computational and creative thinking definitions and its measurement, furthermore, its relationship with coding, educational robotics and the maker movement. The review is based in the most cited papers publish in the last 10 years, retrieved from google scholar and other prestigious databases. The review has showed that with the use of coding and robotics kits there is generally no correct way to solve a challenge, and computational and creative thinking are related to find efficient and good solution to problems. Not having a correct answer but multiple ways of addressing a problem is an experience that many teachers are not familiar with. That is why more scientific research is needed in this regard, in terms of successful interventions that show evidence and good practices that serve as training and guides teachers.
Dramaturgy of the image of antihero: temptation of evil
Authors: Batova Maria Andreevna
Published: April 2020

The subject of this research is the main dramaturgical techniques of creation of the image of antihero in modern cinematography. Similar type of personality is characterized by destructive behavior, controversy and unresolved inner conflict. An antihero tilted towards external and internal destruction suffers from injured pride, and his main goal becomes an attempt of self-affirmation. Despite his negative characteristics, the image of antihero is always complemented with personal philosophy or story preceding its creation, which makes the hero ambiguous and attractive for the audience. The method of research consists in the theoretical analysis of dramaturgical film material. In the context of film dramaturgy, the reflection of human nature allows expressing the multifacetedness and ambiguity of the hero, since behind the negative manifestations of his personality lies the distorted by negative experience axiological system that allows violating the social norm and leads to chaos and destruction. However, despite the negative manifestations, the antihero retains the panhuman qualities, reflected in the need for achieving a certain social status.
Religious community in modern cultural space: transformation of identity and memorial practices
Authors: Anikin Daniil Aleksandrovich
Published: April 2020

This article discusses the problem of transformation of memorial practices of religious community in the context of modern cultural space. The subject of research is the memorial practices of religious communities, while the main goal is to determine their specificity in terms of intensification of post-secular trends and individualization of culture. The author reveals the initial correlation of religious community with the processes of maintaining collective identity and the ways of preserving collective remembrances; and later analyzes the process of their changeability, highlights the development stages and fundamental characteristics of religious communities. Based on functional approach proposed by E. Durkheim, M. Halbwachs and D. Hervieu-Léger, the article analyzes the situation of transformation of functions of collective memory and ways of referring to it in the context of spatial dynamics. The author’s main contribution consists in determination of transformation stages of the cultural space (culture of canon, culture of trauma, culture of dialogue), which allows indicating the prerequisites for secularization of memorial practices, as well as possibility for their studying in the context of post-secular trends. The conclusion is formulated that in modern culture, the religious community is established on the principles of individualization, homogenization and migration, which implies the refusal of presumption of continuity of collective memory, and transition towards its interpretation as a configurable element of the identity of religious community. The emerging gap between the need in religious beliefs and affiliation to the tradition creates a social request for the formation of local religious communities.
Home range size and habitat use of the blue-crowned laughingthrush during the breeding season
Authors: Liu Tao , Xu Yongtao , Mo Bai , Shi Jinze , Cheng Yachang , Zhang Weiwei , Lei Fumin
Published: April 2020

The home range size and habitat use of the blue-crowned laughingthrush (Garrulax courtoisi, hereafter BCLT), a critically endangered, subtropical, cooperative-breeding bird species in southeast China, were studied during its breeding period using radio telemetry at different sites during 3 consecutive years (2016–18, from May to June of each year). A total of 17 birds (12 males, four females, and one of unknown sex) were tagged, and a total 1515 locations (mean ± se = 89.12 ± 11.42) were obtained over 54 days of tracking. The average 100% minimum convex polygon (MCP) home range size was 10.05 ± 1.17 ha, and the estimated KDE core area (fiexed kernel density estimator, KDE) size was 7.84 ± 1.18 ha. According to the Wilcoxon rank sum tests, both the 100% MCP and KDE core area size of males did not significantly differ from those of females. There were no significant differences in the 100% MCP or KDE core area sizes of the three breeding sites. The available habitats in the breeding sites included water areas, shrubs, grass plots, woodland, residential areas, vegetable field, farmland, and sandy beaches; among them, only woodland was significantly preferred by BCLTs. Woodland (average use ratio was 45.86 ± 1.74%) was strongly preferred by BCLTs for nesting, foraging and roosting. Shrubs/grass plots (24.72 ± 3.39%) and vegetable plots (11.80 ± 1.83%) were used relatively more often than the other habitats, except woodland, since shrubs were always used as perches, and vegetable plots were rich in food resources. Vertically, the canopy layer was used most often from April to June, but it was used most in May when the birds were hatching and brooding. This result indicates that BCLT is predominantly active in the upper strata during the breeding season. In addition, broadleaved trees within or adjacent to villages were important activity areas for the breeding birds; protection and management measures should be increased in these areas.
Awareness and experiences of cosmetic treatment providers with body dysmorphic disorder in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Kattan Abdullah E. , Alnujaim Nujaim H. , Barasain Omar , Bouman Theo K. , AlHammad Reema , Van der Lei Berend
Published: April 2020

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is defined as a constant obsession with one’s external appearance and flaws, and it falls under the criteria of neuropsychiatric disorders. Individuals suffering from this disorder may seek unnecessary cosmetic procedures from cosmetic treatment providers such as dermatologists or plastic surgeons. Cosmetic treatments have become readily available, which has led to an influx of undiagnosed BDD patients electing to undergo such treatments. Therefore, physicians should have the clinical knowledge about BDD to diagnose and manage these cases to avoid psychological and physical harm to these patients. However, there were no studies conducted in our region to assess the awareness of BDD among physicians who provide cosmetic treatments with regards to their attitude toward such cases and how they would manage it. This study aims to assess the awareness of Body Dysmorphic Disorder among Saudi physicians who provide cosmetic treatments. We conducted an observational cross-sectional study among physicians practicing in hospitals and cosmetic clinics in Riyadh and Jeddah city (Saudi Arabia), who perform cosmetic procedures, namely dermatologists, plastic surgeons, and otorhinolaryngologists. A paper-based questionnaire consisting of multiple-choice questions was distributed among them. The total number of participants was 155 physicians: 113 (72.9%) males and 42 (27.1%) females. Eighty-two (52.9%) participants reported that they have been familiar with the diagnostic criteria of BDD for a long time and ninety-nine (63.8%) reported being familiar with the clinical picture of BDD. Sixty-three (40.6%) participants estimated the prevalence of BDD cases seen in cosmetic practice to range from 1%-5%, and most agreed on an equal prevalence of BDD among female and male patients. Half of the participants (n = 76) (49%) reported that they sometimes share knowledge about BDD with patients whom they suspect to suffer from this condition. In conclusion, cosmetic treatment providers in Saudi Arabia are aware of BDD, but we have identified a discrepancy between the self-reported participant knowledge of diagnostic criteria and their ability to accurately estimate the prevalence of BDD cases seen in clinical practice.
On the potential for saturated buffers in northwest Ohio to remediate nutrients from agricultural runoff
Authors: Jacquemin Stephen J. , McGlinch Greg , Dirksen Theresa , Clayton Angela
Published: April 2020

Nutrient loading from nonpoint source runoff in the Midwest has emerged as one of the largest threats to water quality as the frequency of harmful algal blooms, hypoxic zones, and issues associated with human-resource interactions have risen abruptly over the past several decades. In this study, a saturated buffer ~500 m in length located in the western basin of the Lake Erie watershed was evaluated for its potential to reduce edge of field runoff and nutrient loading. Saturated buffers reduce runoff by routing subsurface tile drainage water into the riparian zone, providing an opportunity for drainage volume as well as nutrient reduction of runoff waters. Over a 12-month study period, controlled drainage was used to redirect nearly 25% of the total tile flow into the riparian zone from a subwatershed in corn/soybean rotation with near complete reductions of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus from tile inflows averaging 4.7 and 0.08 mg/L, respectively, as well as total reduction of suspended sediments (average 10.4 mg/L). This study provides additional evidence that riparian areas are an important part of nutrient reduction strategies as they can act as both controlled drainage points by raising water tables in fields as well as nutrient sinks which couple to help mitigate nutrient runoff in the region.
INTERFERENCE OF SOIL COMPACTION ON DICLOSULAM RESIDUAL
Authors: Souza Amanda Dos Santos , Leal Jessica Ferreira Lourenço , Langaro Ana Claudia , Da Silva Felipe Cipriano , De Souza Camila Da Costa Barros , Pereira Marcos Gervásio , Pinho Camila Ferreira de
Published: April 2020

O residual do herbicida no solo pode ser influenciado por diversos fatores incluindo a compactação do solo. O objetivo foi avaliar a influência dos níveis de compactação do solo na seletividade do herbicida diclosulam para a soja e efeito carryover no milho semeado em sucessão. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados com 4 repetições. Os tratamentos em esquema fatorial 3x3, o fator A compactação (0, 10 e 20%) e o fator B as doses do herbicida diclosulam (0; 25.2 e 50.4 g i.a. ha-1) aplicado em pré-emergência. Após 90 dias da semeadura da soja, foi realizada coleta das plantas, abertura das colunas e semeados milho e pepino. Foram realizadas na soja as análises: fluorescência da clorofila a, massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA) e conteúdo de NPK das folhas aos 90 dias após a germinação (DAG). Para milho: fluorescência da clorofila a aos 15, 30 e 45 DAG. Para milho e pepino: estatura de plantas, comprimento das raízes, MSPA e massa seca da raiz aos 45DAG. A quantificação do resíduo do diclosulam por LC-MS/MS foi realizada aos 94 dias após aplicação do herbicida. Os dados foram submetidos à ANOVA (p ≤ 0,05) e comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5%. A soja em ambos os solos, não apresentou diferença nos parâmetros de crescimento e conteúdo de NPK, porém houve prejuízo nos parâmetros fotossintéticos. Não houve carryover causado a cultura do milho, independente da compactação do solo. Houve redução das plantas de pepino sendo agravado em solos compactados. Não foi detectado resíduo do diclosulam nos solos avaliados por LC-MS/MS.
Evidence of vulnerability to decision bias in expert field scientists
Authors: Wilson Cristina G. , Shipley Thomas F. , Davatzes Alexandra K.
Published: April 2020

Previous research demonstrates that domain experts, like ordinary participant populations, are vulnerable to decision bias. Here, we examine susceptibility to bias amongst expert field scientists. Field scientists operate in less predictable environments than other experts, and feedback on the consequences of their decisions is often unclear or delayed. Thus, field scientists are a population where the findings of scientific research may be particularly vulnerable to bias. In this study, susceptibility to optimism, hindsight, and framing bias was evaluated in a group of expert field geologists using descriptive decision scenarios. Experts showed susceptibility to all three biases, and susceptibility was not influenced by years of science practice. We found no evidence that participants' vulnerability to one bias was related to their vulnerability to another bias. Our findings are broadly consistent with previous research on expertise and decision bias, demonstrating that no expert, regardless their domain experience, is immune to bias.