bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Caliph and the Caliphate
Authors: Yılmaz Hüseyin
Published: May 2020

This chapter analyzes the views on the nature of authority in Islam, diverse visions of the caliphate and its relation to sultanate as a political regime, and portrayals of the perfect ruler through archetype-building and reinterpretation of Islamic history. The emergence of Turko-Mongolian dynasties whose Islamic credentials were at best questionable, the decline of the power of the jurists, and the spread of Sufi orders in response to spiritual anxieties of fragmented Muslim society enabled the Sufis to resolve this question in their favor. It was consensual among Ottoman Sufis to argue that the Prophet had three distinct natures: spiritual, political, and prophecy. Political and prophetic nature emanate from the spiritual. In this configuration, the jurists, as inheritors of Muhammed's prophecy, and rulers, as claimants for his political nature, were obliged to submit to the spiritual authority, namely the perfect human being among the Sufis whose identity was disclosed only to the worthy.
The Myth of the Ottoman Caliphate
Authors: Yılmaz Hüseyin
Published: May 2020

This chapter discusses the mystification of the Ottoman caliphate and the apocalyptic-messianic reconstruction of imperial ideology in the context of the long Ottoman–Safavid conflict of the sixteenth century. Current studies in the main treat the Ottoman–Safavid conflict as no more than a sectarian conflict between two expanding Muslim empires. The Ottomans, however, perceived it as an apocalyptic conflict between primordial forces of faith and disbelief, often expressed in manicheistic dichotomies. Being one of the most aggressively fought religious wars in Islamic history, it profoundly altered both Sunni and Shiite conceptions of history and rulership. The Safavids, being at once a Turkoman chieftainship, a Shiite dynasty, and a Sufi order, were better endowed with esoteric image-making skills than the Ottomans, whose juristic and theological arguments against heresy were, simply, by definition nullified. Despite the Ottoman military might that overwhelmed the Safavids in multiple battles, the Safavid–Shiite call resonated much more strongly among the vast Turkoman diaspora from Central Asia to the Balkans, particularly among popular mystical orders of the countryside.
La ventanilla única de certificación ambiental
Authors: Antúnez Sánchez Alcides
Published: May 2020

Desde principios del siglo xxi la modernización del sector público, impulsada por las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC), ha desencadenado una serie de aspectos positivos y negativos para los ciudadanos entre las reformas más innovadoras que ha sufrido el ambiente gubernamental ante el fomento de los procesos electrónicos a través del gobierno electrónico. El uso de las tic busca reformar algunos procesos de la gestión pública y vincular activamente a los ciudadanos con la Administración, para que se convierta en una herramienta que disminuya la carga burocrática en los trámites, promueva la participación ciudadana, fortalezca la confianza en el Estado y viabilice e incremente la transparencia y la rendición de cuentas. Su implementación ha traído la modificación de modelos y políticas de gobierno por los Estados. Las actividades que los ciudadanos realizan con la Administración Pública se efectúan de forma electrónica desde finales del siglo xx, suceso que ha avanzado con la smart city.
El monopolio de la verdad en la era de las Fake News
Authors: Dias Silva Thiago , Duarte Oliveira Luciana
Published: May 2020

Este artículo pretende analizar el monopolio de la verdad de los medios de comunicación tradicionales y su capacidad para influir en los votantes, cambiando los resultados electorales. El rendimiento y la importancia de los medios tradicionales y las redes sociales se estudiarán a través de un enfoque histórico y comparativo. Este trabajo también pretende comprender la transformación social en la era de la posverdad, que cambió el mercado editorial, fomentando la difusión de noticias falsas. La prioridad clave es captar el verdadero impacto en el debate político y democrático de las redes sociales, los medios de comunicación tradicionales y las noticias falsas, así como su capacidad para influir en las elecciones.
La lucha por los derechos en un contexto local: reflexiones sobre los retos metodológicos en una investigación sociojurídica
Authors: Giraldo Julián Camilo
Published: May 2020

Como una alternativa a los enfoques teóricos jurídicos normalmente utilizados —como los legalistas o formalistas— para el análisis de fenómenos sociales en investigaciones sociojurídicas, en este artículo se expondrán los resultados de las reflexiones metodológicas y empíricas emanadas de una investigación cualitativa previa, en la que el autor empleó como estrategia metodológica “la observación en campo”, diferenciada de la genérica “observación participante”.

En dicha investigación se analizó el proceso de resistencia que lideraron tres organizaciones sociales que tienen su rango de acción en la periferia de la Comuna 8 de Medellín, por la reivindicación del derecho a la ciudad y al territorio para esta población, en medio de las obras que comprendieron la ejecución de uno de los proyectos bandera de la administración municipal de Aníbal Gaviria (2012-2015): el Cinturón Verde Metropolitano - Jardín Circunvalar. A través de este análisis se logró evidenciar una constante tensión entre lo local y lo global, y un trabajo mancomunado entre organizaciones de base social para resistir a una concepción hegemónica de la globalización y construir un derecho “desde abajo”.
Buscando la ruta de la medición-valoración ecológica no monetaria, en la Teoría Tridimensional de la Contabilidad
Authors: Álvarez Álvarez Harold
Published: May 2020

El presente trabajo se inserta en el proceso de reflexión realizado en el macroprograma de investigación de la Teoría Tridimensional de la Contabilidad, PIT3C, iniciado en 2011, por el Grupo de Investigación en Contaduría Internacional Comparada (GICIC), de la Universidad del Quindío, Colombia. Es de conocimiento general que la contabilidad es una disciplina que se ha desarrollado conceptualmente en los últimos cinco siglos, desde la formulación de Pacciolo, fundamentalmente entre el derecho y la economía.

Esta dependencia la ha forzado a ser una especie de servidumbre de los intereses dominantes planteados desde esas dos poderosas disciplinas, que la han maniatado para establecer sus propias rutas de identificación, reconocimiento y búsqueda de solución a muchos de los auténticos problemas propios de su dominio que, siendo independiente, podría alcanzar, asumiendo así su propio devenir disciplinar.
Contaduría pública y construcción convivencia en el camino a la paz
Authors: Gracia López Edgar
Published: May 2020

En el presente documento se reflexiona desde referentes afincados en la necesidad de repensar el desarrollo moral. Para el efecto, se parte de considerar el sentido amplio de la formación, que debe trascender la simple lógica cognitiva para transitar hacia la constitución de la subjetividad política. El escrito ubica en el centro de la reflexión la necesidad de conversar, reconociendo al interlocutor como persona digna y merecedora de reconocimiento y verdad; expone reflexiones para conversar y dialogar en el marco de la contaduría pública y la contabilidad, sobre asuntos relacionados con la tensión entre el desarrollo moral y el desarrollo cognoscitivo-intelectual; la coherencia-incoherencia, y el pensamiento crítico, como basamento para cimentar claridades, respecto a la necesidad de aportar a la convivencia en la construcción de la paz y donde la contaduría pública y la contabilidad están fuertemente implicadas en el sentido de la democracia económica y la justicia social.
Argumentos de Mattessich hacia Macintosh, Shaerer, Thornyon y Welker sobre la representación contable y la realidad
Authors: Quintero Bazán María Eugenia
Published: May 2020

La contabilidad pretende representar de manera fiable la realidad financiera de las entidades. Etimológicamente, la palabra “realidad” proviene del latín y se traduce literalmente como “cosa”, en relación directa a la materia física, susceptible de ser observada, estudiada, medida, controlada y transformada. Este artículo presenta, desde una revisión documental, un análisis sobre la realidad en la representación contable, partiendo de la postura de Matessich (2006), en su modelo de Capas-Cebolla de la Realidad, y Macintosh, Shaerer, Thornyon y Welker (2000), desde las “órdenes de simulacro” de Baudrillard y su “hiperrealidad”. Se concluye que existen dos perspectivas sobre la realidad en la representación contable: la primera recae sobre una representación orientada hacia los objetivos o fines que persigue la información, y la segunda supone una simulación de la realidad por carecer de referentes reales.
MUI HALAL CERTIFICATION ON MILKFISH SATAY AS AN EFFORT TO SUPPORT NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY
Authors: Tahir Palmawati , Muslih Muhamad , Agustina Rani Sri
Published: May 2020

This study described the process of making milkfish satay which generally could be only for three days. Several trials were conducted for examining the level of expired milkfish satay and the result showed that milkfish satay could be for one week and one month even in cold temperatures (chiller/ freezers), it could be for three months. Because the resilience of this milkfish satay had been tested, this would certainly have positive impact on the producers. Besides, Indonesian Council of Ulama (Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI)) halal certification on some products was also considered very important because it would give confidence for people who would consume milkfish satay. The problem was there were some milkfish entrepreneurs who did not register their product, so they didn’t have halal certification. Besides, some milkfish satay entrepreneurs who had halal certification did not update it. The result of this study indicated that some milkfish satay entrepreneurs did not register their product. Therefore, they did not have halal certification from Indonesian Council of Ulama (Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI)). In addition, some milkfish satay entrepreneurs who had halal certification did not update it due to various reasons. Furthermore, this study was a qualitative and analytical descriptive study and it used primary and secondary data sources. Data sources were obtained from library and interviews with the milkfish satay entrepreneurs.
Forecasting New Student Candidates Using the Random Forest Method
Authors: Waliyansyah Rahmat Robi , Saputro Nugroho Dwi
Published: May 2020

College education institutions regularly hold new student admissions activities, and the number of new students can increase and can also decrease. University of PGRI Semarang (UPGRIS) on the development of new student admissions for the 2014/2015 academic year up to 2018/2019 with so many admissions selection stages. To meet the minimum comparison requirements between the number of students with the development of human resources, facilities, and infrastructure, it is necessary to predict how much the number of students increases each year. To make a prediction system or forecasting, the number of prospective new students required a good forecasting method and sufficiently precise calculations to predict the number of prospective students who register. In this study, the method to be taken is the Random Forest method. For the evaluation of forecasting models used Random Sampling and Cross-validation. The parameter used is Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and Coefficient of Determination (R2). The results of this study obtained the five highest and lowest study programs in the admission of new students. Therefore, UPGRIS will make a new strategy for the five lowest study programs so that the desired number of new students is achieved
PENDUGAAN PARAMETER GENETIK PERFORMA PRASAPIH DOMBA GARUT DI UPTD-BPPTDK MARGAWATI GARUT
Authors: A. K. Haya , Anang Asep , Heriyadi Denie
Published: May 2020

Pengembangan sumber daya genetik ternak lokal penting dilakukan untuk memenuhi permintaan dagingdomba yang tinggi di Indonesia khususnya Jawa Barat melalui kegiatan seleksi bibit unggul Domba garut.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai parameter genetik sifat-sifat prasapih Domba garut. Sifat-sifat yang dianalisis pada penelitian ini yaitu bobot lahir (B0), bobot 30, 60, 90 hari (B30, B60, B90), dan bobot sapih pada 100 hari (B100) Domba garut di UPTD-BPPTDK Margawati Garut yang berasal dari 104 ekor pejantan, 1.809 ekor induk, 2.921 ekor anak domba jantan, dan 2.632 ekor anak domba betina. Total catatan yang dianalisis yaitu 27.019 catatan bobot badan yang terdiri atas 6.559 catatan B0, 5.702 catatan B30, 5.248 catatan B60, 4.843 catatan B90 hari, dan 4.667 catatan B100 Tahun 2012-2019. Analisis data menggunakan Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) untuk menduga heritabilitas dengan software Variance Components Estimation (VCE) 6.0, menggunakan model maternal genetic effect (m2) dan lingkungan bersama (c2). Efek tetap yang dimasukkan ke dalam analisis yaitu jenis kelamin dan tipe kelahiran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai heritabilitas B0, B30, B60, B90, dan B100 menggunakan model maternal genetic effect dan lingkungan bersama yaitu sebesar 0,133±0,04, 0,108±0,03, 0,099±0,03, 0,122±0,03, 0,123±0,03, artinya nilai-nilai heritabilitas tersebut masuk dalam kategori rendah. Nilai maternal genetic effect dan lingkungan bersama B0, B30, B60, B90, dan B100 Domba garut 0,095±0,03, 0,163±0,03, 0,137±0,03, 0,113± 0,02, 0,115±0,02 dan 0,455±0,16, 0,268±0,13, 0,274±0,13 0,269±0,13 0,278±0,12. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pendugaan parameter genetik lebih akurat jika melibatkan maternal genetic effect dan lingkungan bersama.
ANALISIS FINANSIAL USAHA PETERNAKAN BABI DENGAN BERBAGAI JENIS RANSUM (Studi Kasus Peternakan Babi di Desa Jadi Kabupaten Tabanan)
Authors: G. A. Wiranata , Putri B. R. T. , Warmadewi D. A.
Published: May 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pendapatan usaha peternakan babi dengan perlakuanpenggantian pollard dengan dedak padi yang disuplementasi multi mineral vitamin. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 4 kelompok sebagai ulangan, pengelompokan berdasarkan berat badan babi. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah ransum yang menggunakan konsentrat komersial dan pollard (A) sebagai kontrol, ransum konsentrat TBN-01 dan pollard (B), ransum konsentrat TBN-01 dan dedak padi (C), ransum konsentrat TBN-01 dan dedak padi dengan suplementasi multi mineral-vitamin pignox (D). Adapun variabel penelitian yakni (1) manajemen pemeliharaan ternak babi meliputi pemilihan bibit, perkandangan, pemberian pakan, tenaga kerja, kesehatan ternak dan pemasaran (2) analisis finansial usaha penggemukan babi meliputi biaya total, penerimaan, laba, R/C ratio (revenue and cost ratio), BEP (Break Event Point). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan biaya total, usaha peternakan babi dengan perlakuan penggantian pollard dengan dedak padi yang disuplementasi multi mineral vitamin sebesar 0,20% (D) menghasilkan R/C ratio paling besar yakni 1,51 atau persentase keuntungan yakni 51%. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah dengan manajemen pemeliharaan yang baik dilihat dari pertambahan bobot badan pada perlakuan D sebesar 23,75 g/ekor dengan R/C ratio 1,51 dan menurunkan biaya produksi sebesar 1,51%.
KADAR ASAM LAKTAT, AMONIA DAN pH SILASE LIMBAH SINGKONG DENGAN PEMBERIAN MOLASES BERBEDA
Authors: Ridwan M. , Saefulhadjar D. , Hernaman I.
Published: May 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk melakukan pengawetan limbah perkebunan singkong dengan menggunakan aditif molases. Penelitian dilaksanakan secara eksperimental dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Data yang dihasilkan dianalisis sidik ragam pada taraf ? = 0,5% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Perlakuan berupa tingkat penggunaan molases pada level 0% (P0), 2% (P1), 4% (P2), dan 6% (P3). Hasil menunjukkan konsentrasi asam laktat meningkat signifikan (P<0,05), sedangkan konsentrasi ammonia menurun seiring dengan meningkatnya penggunaan molases. Hubungan antara asam laktat dengan pH menunjukkan korelasi negatif dengan persamaan regresi adalah y = -0,3634X+6,0886 dan nilai korelasi (r) sebesar 0,65, sedangkan hubungan antara pH dengan kadar ammonia menghasilkan persamaan regresi y = 1,9835X–0,2064 dengan nilai korelasi r yaitu 0,64. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa molases dapat meningkatkan kadar asam laktat, namun menurunkan nilai pH dan ammonia serta penggunaan sebanyak 2% memberikan proses ensilase yang optimal.
Hubungan Antara Hitung Jenis Leukosit dengan Derajat Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik Berdasarkan Gejala Klinis dan Gold 2019 pada Pasien Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik Stabil di Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta Sukapura
Authors: Alawiyah Nayla Sa’adah , Fachri Muhammad
Published: May 2020

Latar belakang: Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik (PPOK) merupakan penyakit tidak menular yang menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan di Indonesia diperkirakan terdapat 4,8 juta orang dengan prevalensi 56%. Tujuan: tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara hitung jenis leukosit dengan derajat PPOK berdasarkan gejala klinis dan PPOK GOLD 2019 pada pasien PPOK stabil di Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta Sukapura periode September 2018 – September 2019. Metode: studi ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif analitik. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu teknik total sampling. Jumlah pasien PPOK stabil yang diteliti sebanyak 35 pasien. Penilaian gejala pada pasien PPOK menurut Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (GOLD) 2019 dapat menggunakan kuesioner yang sudah divalidasi yaitu COPD Assesment Test/CAT dan Modified Medical Research Council/MMRC. Hasil: Hasil pemeriksaan hitung jenis leukosit terbanyak memiliki nilai eosinofil normal, nilai basofil normal, nilai neutrofil meningkat, nilai monosit normal, dan nilai limfosit normal. Kesimpulan: hasil penelitian menunjukkan kecenderungan peningkatan nilai leukosit pada setiap derajat PPOK, namun secara statistik tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara hitung jenis leukosit dengan derajat PPOK berdasarkan gejala klinis dan GOLD 2019 pada pasien PPOK stabil di RSIJ Sukapura.
Pengaruh Strategi Pembelian Terhadap Performa Perusahaan di Jabodetabek Dengan Integrasi Pembelian Sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Nathalia Evelyn , Loisa Riris
Published: May 2020

This study was conducted to analyze the effect of purchasing strategies, namely negotiations, relationships with suppliers, cost management, and supply management on company performance in Jabodetabek which is moderated by purchasing integration. This research was obtained from primary data in the form of questionnaire results that were distributed for five months (February 2019-June 2019). This questionnaire was filled in by respondents who worked as procurement in a company located in Greater Jakarta. Respondents will fill out a questionnaire using a Likert scale with a scale of 1-6, namely "Strongly Disagree" and 6 is "Strongly Agree".The conclusion of this research is negotiation, supplier relations, cost management, and supply management have a significant effect on company performance in Jabodetabek. Purchasing integration moderates the effect of supplier relationships on company performance in Jabodetabek. However, the integration of purchasing does not moderate the effects of negotiation, cost management and supply management on the company's performance in Jabodetabek.
Pembentukan Portfolio Optimal Untuk Berinvestasi pada Saham Perusahaan Perbankan di Bursa Efek Indonesia dengan Metode Sharpe, Treynor dan Jensen Periode 2013-2017
Authors: Wihardi Wilson , Lutfi Anas
Published: May 2020

The aim of this research is to find out the performance of the banking company stocks in Indonesia Stock Exchange, and which stocks is the best to form out a portfolio. The measurement in used is Sharpe Index, Treynor Index, and Jensen Index. The object in this research is the 10 banking companies with biggest capitalization in Indonesia Stock exchange due on 31 December 2017 or the last day of trading day in 2017. The conclusion of this research are the best banking company stocks based on Sharpe Indes is BBCA, based on Treynor Index is MEGA, and based on Jensen Index is BJBR. The Optimum Portfolio is consisted of 79,4 % BBCA, 16,9 % MEGA, and 3,7 % BJBR. Expected Return of this portfolio is 18,98 % per year and standard Deviation 7,2 %.
Tıp Fakültesi Dönem 1-2-3 Öğrencilerinin İletişim ve Empati Becerilerinin Analizi
Authors: DEMİR KARABULUT Seyhan , ZENGİN Hatice Yağmur , YILDIRIM Rifat Vedat , YILMAZ ÇELİK Zerrin
Published: May 2020

Giriş: Bir hekim, bir ömür boyu süren kariyeri süresince 160.000 ile 300.000 görüşme gerçekleştirmekte ve tıbbi görüşmeyi klinik tıpta en sık uygulanan prosedür haline getirmektedir. Bu nedenle iletişim ve empati, hastalarla görüşme yaparken istenilen ve geliştirilmesi gereken önemli bir klinik beceridir. Hekim adayları açısından düşünüldüğünde ise iletişim ve empati, öğretilip öğrenilebilen temel bir klinik beceridir. Bu çalışmada amacımız, hekim adaylarının klinik öncesi iletişim ve empati becerilerinin değerlendirilmesi ve demografik değişkenler açısından incelenmesidir. Bu anlamda elde edilen bulguların tıp eğitimi müfredatı açısından ihtiyaç analizi niteliğinde olabileceği düşünülmektedir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu araştırma, tanımlayıcı nitelikte olup, evrenini 2017-2018 öğretim yılında Ankara il merkezinde bulunan bir Vakıf Üniversitesinin Tıp Fakültesi Dönem 1, 2 ve 3 öğrencileri oluşturmuş ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 90 öğrenci ile tamamlanmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında; Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Ersanlı ve Balcı tarafından geliştirilen İletişim Becerileri Envanteri ve Dökmen tarafından geliştirilen Empati Beceri Ölçeği B-Formu kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Öğrencilerin % 61,1’i kadın, % 53,3’ü Anadolu Lisesi mezunu, % 93,3’ü çoğunlukla yaşamını il ortamında geçirmiş, % 70’i evde ailesi ile birlikte yaşamakta, % 86,7’si çekirdek aile yapısına sahiptir. Öğrencilerin iletişim beceri toplam puanı, orta düzeyin biraz üzerindeyken; empati beceri toplam puanı ise orta düzeyin altında kalmıştır. Ayrıca kadınların iletişim ve empati beceri puan ortalamasının erkeklere göre daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.Sonuç: Hekimlerin hastaları ile etkin iletişim kurabilmesi; hekimlerin daha erken ve daha doğru tanı koymasına yardımcı olacak, hastanın kaygısını azaltıp tedavi sürecinde uyumunu ve memnuniyetini artıracaktır. Bu noktada tıp eğitimi müfredatının, söz konusu etkileşimin hekim adaylarında erken dönemde fark edilmesini sağlayacak içerik ve nitelikte olması gerekmektedir.
İskelet Sistemi Anatomisi Eğitiminde Takıma Dayalı Öğrenme Yönteminin Uygulanması
Authors: İSMAİLOĞLU Pelin , KAHRAMAN Fatma , AKTEKİN Mustafa , ŞAHİNER Melike , ALTINTAŞ Levent
Published: May 2020

Giriş ve Amaç: Takıma dayalı öğrenme (TDÖ) yöntemi öğrenci merkezli bir aktif öğrenme yöntemidir. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi 2. sınıfında İskelet Sistemi Anatomisi eğitiminde TDÖ yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, uygulanan TDÖ yöntemi ile yürütülen anatomi dersi eğitiminin etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesidir.Yöntem: Kas-İskelet Sistemi Hastalıkları komitesi başlangıcında İskelet Sistemi Anatomisi dersi için takıma dayalı öğrenme yöntemi 2. sınıf öğrencilerine tanıtıldı. Uygulama öncesi sınıf mevcudu olan 88 öğrenci 8 takıma ayrıldı. Dört entegre TDÖ oturumu planlandı ve her bir oturum bireysel hazır bulunuşluk testi ile başladı. Devamında yapılan takım hazır bulunuşluk testi ile sonlandırıldı. Sonrasında öğrencilere anatomi laboratuvarında kadavra ve maket üzerinde uygulama yaptırıldı ve eş zamanlı konuya dair sorular yöneltildi. TDÖ uygulamasının son günü öğrencilere eğitim süreci hakkında geri bildirimlerini içeren bir soru formu dağıtıldı. Takıma dayalı öğrenme yöntemi ile ilgili geri bildirimlere verilen öğrenci yanıtları toplandı. Öğretim üyelerinin TDÖ yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilen uygulamalar hakkındaki görüşleri de yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile alındı. Anket sonuçları SPSS programında Pearson’ın korelasyon testi ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin eğitim uygulaması hakkındaki olumlu görüşleri ile takım çalışmasının etkinliğine yönelik görüşleri pozitif yönde anlamlı bir korelasyon ilişkisi göstermiştir (p<0.05). Öğrencilerin %74,3’ü takıma dayalı öğrenme yöntemi ile Anatomi öğrenmeye istekli olduklarını belirtmişlerdir. Öğretim üyelerinin de bu yöntemin uygulanması ve geliştirilmesi yönünde olumlu nitelik taşıyan geri bildirimleri olduğu tespit edilmiştir.Sonuç: Takıma dayalı öğrenme yöntemi ile uygulanan eğitim süresince öğrencilerin ders öncesi hazırlıklı gelme zorunluluğu derse olan ilgilerini artırmıştır. Takım arkadaşları olarak birlikte çalışılması öğrenmeyi olumlu yönde etkilemiştir. İskelet sistemi anatomisi eğitiminde takıma dayalı öğrenme yönteminin uygulanmasının öğrencilere faydalı olacağını düşünmekteyiz.
SMILES Pair Encoding: A Data-Driven Substructure Tokenization Algorithm for Deep Learning
Authors: Li Xinhao , Fourches Denis
Published: May 2020

SMILES-based deep learning models are slowly emerging as an important research topic in cheminformatics. In this study, we introduce SMILES Pair Encoding (SPE), a data-driven tokenization algorithm. SPE first learns a vocabulary of high frequency SMILES substrings from a large chemical dataset (e.g., ChEMBL) and then tokenizes SMILES based on the learned vocabulary for deep learning models. As a result, SPE augments the widely used atom-level tokenization by adding human-readable and chemically explainable SMILES substrings as tokens. Case studies show that SPE can achieve superior performances for both molecular generation and property prediction tasks. In molecular generation task, SPE can boost the validity and novelty of generated SMILES. Herein, the molecular property prediction models were evaluated using 24 benchmark datasets where SPE consistently either did match or outperform atom-level tokenization. Therefore SPE could be a promising tokenization method for SMILES-based deep learning models. An open source Python package SmilesPE was developed to implement this algorithm and is now available at https://github.com/XinhaoLi74/SmilesPE.
Diagnostic and prognostic potential of the use of ultrasound and three-dimensional endo-visualization in women with pelvic varicose veins
Authors: Gus Aleksandr I , Stupin Dmitrii A , Semendiaev Andrei A , Cherepanova Mariia A , Akudovich Natalia V
Published: May 2020

Aim. To study the diagnostic and prognostic potential of the complex use of ultrasound and 3D laparoscopy in women with pelvic varicose veins (PVV). Outcomes and methods. The study included 100 women who were divided into two groups: the main group (39 patients with various severity PVV) and the control group (61 women with no venous system disorders). All patients had a complete clinical examination with the selection of pairs that had the most significant factors for the disease prognosis: average age over 35 years, history of varicose veins, pain in the lower abdomen, dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia. Examination of the small pelvis venous system included duplex angioscanning and retrograde endoscopic functional test controlled by the three-dimensional image. Multivariate analysis (logistic regression) was used to identify normative phlebological parameters. Results. Predictors of early PVV are the following rations: Vmax in the cava-ovarian segment / Vmax in the right ovary portal ≥ 8.3 and Vmax in the reno-ovarian segment /Vmax in the left ovarian portal ≥ 8. The severity of PVV is determined by a progression of alterations in hemodynamic parameters in the main ovarian veins and a spreading venous congestion in the small pelvis plexuses. Conclusions. Criteria of small pelvis phlebohemodynamics make it possible to predict a development of PVV and a severity of the pathological process. Ovarian varicose veins are characteristic of early PVV and venous plethora of all pelvis venous plexuses is characteristic of late PVV.
Correlation between indicators of hemostasis system activity and antiphospholipid antibodies levels in women with miscarriage
Authors: Kravchenko Elena N , Goncharova Anastasiia A
Published: May 2020

Aim. To study the correlation between the activity indicators of the blood coagulation system and the content of antiphospholipid antibodies in women with miscarriage, depending on the number of reproductive losses. Materials and methods. 137 cards of women with a history of pregnancy termination were analyzed, divided into 2 groups according to the principle of presence/absence of plasmapheresis in the treatment regimen at the stage of pregravid preparation, followed by ranking into 2 subgroups according to the principle of presence/absence of TORCH infection activity. Results. The highest correlation was found for the presence of autoantibodies against cardiolipin with the severity of antiphospholipid syndrome. Antibodies to b2-glyco-protein-1 were the second parameter in the level of correlation with the number of reproductive losses. The negative effect, diagnostic and pathogenetic value, first of all, of IgG is proved in comparison with IgM, IgG to cardiolipin, IgG to annexin V, IgG to cardiolipin and lupus anticoagulant. The main exogenous cause of antibody formation in AFL is an infectious agent. A key endogenous factor in antibody formation is recognized as a violation of endothelial hemostasis. Conclusion. The correlation relationships between the initial level and the dynamics of the content of antiphospholipid antibodies, the number of gestational losses, as well as a number of parameters of the hemostasis system were revealed and interpreted. An independent negative effect on the laboratory parameters of the antiphospholipid syndrome of gestational losses in an amount of more than two was revealed.
Obesity and women's health: from menarche to menopause
Authors: Tsallagova Elena V , Prilepskaya Vera N
Published: May 2020

The review is devoted to the problem of the influence of overweight and obesity on the health of a woman in different periods of life, in particular, on reproductive disorders resulting from exposure to adipose tissue.
Giant paraovarial cyst in 16-years old adolescent: a case-report
Authors: Kumykova Zaira Kh. , Batyrova Zalina K. , Kruglyak Diana A. , Uvarova Elena V. , Chuprynin Vladimir D. , Buralkina Natalia A. , Ezhova Larisa S.
Published: May 2020

The article describe a rare clinical observation of a giant paraovarian cyst in a teenage girl with laparoscopic removal. The presence of giant cyst in the abdominal cavity in adolescent girls requires a multidisciplinary approach, taking into account visual diagnostic methods, preference for MRI, followed by the participation of experienced teams of highly qualified specialists in order to conduct a minimally invasive organ-preserving treatment.
Vitamin D as a factor for improving the quality of life in women after 50 years (literature review)
Authors: Pestrikova Tatyana Yu. , Yurasova Elena A. , Knyazeva Tatyana P.
Published: May 2020

Relevance. Public health is one of the key factors in the development of the economy and at the same time an objective indicator of quality of life. Currently, the number of women over 50 years old is progressively increasing, and their growing social inclusion will determine the desire for active and healthy longevity. In this regard, the public health policy in the country should follow the path of increasingly large-scale financing of projects of a healthy lifestyle, not concentrating expenses only on medical care.

Aim. Analysis of literature on the feasibility of using vitamin D as a factor that improves the quality of life of women in the perimenopausal period and in menopause.

Materials and methods. To write this review, we searched for domestic and foreign publications in Russian and international search engines (PubMed, eLIBRARY, etc.) over the past 20 years. The review included articles from peer-reviewed literature.

Results. The review outlines a wide range of biological properties of vitamin D involved in the regulation of many important physiological functions. The negative effect of vitamin D deficiency is presented not only on the development of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, but also on the increase in the severity of menopausal syndrome. It has been established that the use of colecalciferol (vitamin D3) in combination with menopausal hormone therapy contributes to the normalization of carbohydrate, lipid and calcium phosphorus metabolism, improves the neuropsychic state of patients, which makes it possible to actively use colecalciferol in routine clinical practice in menopausal syndrome.

Conclusions. Numerous positive effects of colecalciferol (vitamin D3) allow the use of the drug as a means to increase social adaptation, and, consequently, improve the quality of life.
Expression of MSX1, HOXA11 and TP53I3 in the endometrium associated with the onset of pregnancy after repeated failed IVF attempts in patients with tubo-peritoneal factor infertility
Authors: Knyazeva Ekaterina A. , Kuznetsova Maria V. , Burmenskaya Olga V. , Donnikov Andrey E. , Kalinina Elena A.
Published: May 2020

Relevance. The success of the in vitro fertilisation (IVF) program, among other factors, depends on the readiness of the endometrium to accept the embryo. It is believed that this is possible during the so-called implantation window, the timing of which can be shifted under the influence of various factors. Evaluation of endometrial receptivity and the implantation window based on analysis of endometrial gene expression before embryo transfer is a promising approach for predicting the likelihood of pregnancy in IVF programs.
Aim. To construct a classifier based on the expression of endometrial genes for predicting the outcome of an IVF program in patients with tubal-peritoneal infertility factor and repeated failed IVF attempts in history.
Materials and methods. Before the IVF program, a genome-wide transcriptome profiling of endometrial samples of 15 women with tubal-perioneal infertility factor and repeated unsuccessful IVF attempts in history was carried out using Affymetrix arrays. Potential genes capable of classifying IVF program outcomes were selected, after which the expression of these genes was analyzed by qPCR-RT in the endometrium of 47 women to construct IVF outcome classifiers based on the expression of pairs or triples of genes.
Results. A classifier based on the expression of the triple of genes MSX1 (HOX7), HOXA11, and TP53I3 made it possible to determine the onset of pregnancy in an IVF program with a sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 71% with an area under the ROC-curve (AUC) of 0.738 (95% confidence interval 0.5770.898). Earlier, a relationship was found between the expression of these genes and receptivity of the endometrium, which suggests that these genes play a role in the onset of the implantation window.
Conclusions. The use of a classifier based on the genes MSX1 (HOX7), HOXA11, and TP53I3 can determine the readiness of the endometrium to accept an embryo and create an individual prognosis of the outcome of an IVF program in women with tubal-peritoneal infertility factor and repeated failed IVF attempts in history.
Possibilities and prospects of conservative therapy for endometriosis, as a chronical progressing disease (review of literature)
Authors: Pestrikova Tatyana Yu. , Yurasova Elena A. , Yurasov Igor V.
Published: May 2020

Relevance. Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease that affects up to 10% of women of reproductive age worldwide and is the main cause of pain and infertility. Endometriosis is a disease, although it has been known for a long time, nevertheless, in many ways it represents terra incognita for modern medicine.
Aim. Analysis of literature on the feasibility of long-term and the use of the drug dienogest 2 mg (Vizanne), which has a positive effect on the quality of life of patients with endometriosis.
Materials and methods. To write this review, a search was made for domestic and foreign publications in Russian and international search engines (PubMed, eLibrary, etc.) over the past 13 years. The review included articles from peer-reviewed literature.
Results. The review presents data on the difficulties of verifying the diagnosis of endometriosis due to a combination of this pathology with pain, infertility, abnormal uterine bleeding. The pathogenesis of the origin of endometriosis-associated pain is presented. The efficacy of the use of the drug dienogest (Vizanne), which has a powerful antiproliferative effect that reduces the main symptoms of endometriosis (pain, bleeding), is substantiated. The expediency of long-term and safe use of the drug dienogest (Vizanne), which has a positive effect on the quality of life of patients with endometriosis, has been proved.
Conclusions. Numerous scientific publications confirm the feasibility of prolonged use of the drug dienogest (Vizanne), to achieve remission during endometriosis.
Association of MUC2 and CYP11B2 genes single nucleotide polymorphisms with the external genital endometriosis development in female patients of the Slavic population of the Russian Northwestern Federal District
Authors: Kulikova Natal’ia V. , Kovalenko Inna I. , Litvinova Larisa S. , Shperling Natal’ia V. , Ivanov Andrei V. , Skuratovskaia Daria A. , Baibuz Dmitrii V. , Lebedeva Ianina A. , Pestun Evgeniia M.
Published: May 2020

Aim. Search for the association of polymorphisms C(-15161)T (rs10902088) and T(-12150) C(rs10794288) of the MUC2 gene and С(-344)Т (rs1799998) of the CYP11B2 gene with the increased risk of genital endometriosis development in the Slavic population.
Materials and methods. The study included 85 female patients (from 19 to 44 years old) with a diagnosis of genital endometriosis and 79 healthy women (from 20 to 42 years old). Genotyping was performed by real-time PCR using a Light Cycler 480 Instrument II amplifier (Roche, Switzerland). Polymorphism determination kits, MUC2 C(-15161)T (rs10902088), MUC2 T(-12150)C (rs10794288), CYP11B2 С(-344)Т (rs1799998) (CJSC Syntol).
Results. It was found that the CC genotype of the T(-12150)C (rs10794288) C polymorphism of the MUC2 gene and the C(-344)T (rs1799998) CC polymorphism genotype of CYP11B2 gene are protective against endometriosis, and the TT genotype of C(-344)T polymorphism ( rs1799998) of the CYP11B2 gene contributes to the development of this disease.
Conclusion. The search for molecular genetic aspects in the development of genital endometriosis is necessary for early diagnosis and prognosis of the disease.
Iatrogenic chimerism in a patient with Fanconi anemia and delayed puberty
Authors: Kumykova Zaira Kh. , Kiseleva Irina A. , Batyrova Zalina K. , Buyanovskaya Olga A.
Published: May 2020

The article presents a clinical case of delayed puberty in a 13-year-old girl with Fanconi anemia who was sent to the Department of gynecology of children and adolescents for removal of the sexual glands due to the detection of a Y-chromosome in the karyotype at the place of residence. A personalized multidisciplinary approach to the management of a patient with Fanconi anemia with the presence of the Y-chromosome in the karyotype against the background of delayed puberty allowed to identify iatrogenic chimerism and avoid unjustified castration.
MEMBONGKAR KITAB PERUKUNAN BESAR MELAYU KARYA ABDUL RASYID BANJAR DARI KONSEP KEBERAKSARAAN HINGGA KONSTRUKSI SINTAKSIS
Authors: Amaliana MZ Zulfiana
Published: May 2020

Seiring penyebaran syiar Islam di nusantara, pada abad ke-19 masehi ditemukan sebuah naskah berjudul Perukunan Besar Melayu karya Abdul Rasyid Banjar. Naskah ini membahas tentang kaidah fikih yang pemaparannya menggunakan Bahasa Indonesia dan ditulis dengan aksara Arab-Melayu. Naskah Ini Kitab Perukunan Besar Melayu dijadikan sebagai objek penelitian yang dikategorikan sebagai penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan filologi deskriptif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan 1) alih aksara agar memperoleh suntingan teks naskah Ini Kitab Perukunan Besar Melayu secara lengkap dan bersih dari kesalahan, 2) penyesuaian ejaan dan pungtuasi, dan 3) distribusi sintaksis. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian dilakukan analisis data dengan teknik prosedur kerja filologi dan analisis komparatif. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mampu menghasilkan 1) transliterasi abjad Arab-Melayu menjadi abjad Latin, 2) rekonstruksi ejaan dan pungtuasi, dan 3) rekonstruksi sintaksis.
Estudio de biodegradabilidad aeróbica de HDPE con aditivos degradables mediante compostaje
Authors: Terán S. María Judith , Romero E. David , Meneses O. Lorena
Published: May 2020

En el presente estudio se estableció el porcentaje de biodegradabilidad de muestras de polietileno de alta densidad (HDPE) con aditivos degradables, mediante condiciones controladas de compostaje aerobio en un período de 90 días, para lo cual se utilizó el CO 2 proveniente de procesos biológicos de microorganismos del suelo, como indicador de biodegradabilidad. Para captar el CO 2 se emplearon soluciones de KOH 0,1 M y 0,5 M. Además se establecieron los parámetros de análisis estipulados en la norma NTE INEN 2040:2012 para seleccionar el inóculo de compostaje. Como control positivo se utilizó celulosa, que alcanzó el 91 % de biodegradabilidad con respecto al valor teórico de CO 2 . Los resultados obtenidos al concluir el período de 90 días, indicaron que la muestra de HDPE con aditivo A1 (HDPE-A1) alcanzó el 75 % de biodegradabilidad por generación de CO 2 , seguido del HDPE-A2 con el 43 % y el HDPE-A3 con el 22 %, con respecto a la celulosa. Los valores demuestran que el aditivo A1 es biodegradable en condiciones de compostaje, lo que se estableció mediante el criterio de la norma NTE INEN 2643:2012 “Especificaciones para plásticos compostables”. Los resultados demuestran que los aditivos biodegradables son una posible solución a la gran problemática ambiental que han generado los plásticos.
Programas de fertilización química sobre líneas promisorias de arroz (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Ruiz Yari , Villacrés Guillermo , Valarezo-Beltrón Carlos
Published: May 2020

El presente trabajo de investigación se llevó a cabo en la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias de la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo, ubicada en el Km 7 ½ de la vía Babahoyo – Montalvo, cuyos objetivos planteados fueron: evaluar el efecto de la fertilización química en base al análisis de suelo en el cultivo de arroz; identificar el genotipo de mayor rendimiento y analizar económicamente los tratamientos. Se utilizaron tres tratamientos (material genético), como INIAP 15, Líneas GO 37647, GO 39845 y cuatro subtratamientos (niveles de fertilización), a base de nitrógeno (urea), potasio (muriato de potasio) y Zinc (Zinquell), con cuatro repeticiones. Se utilizó el diseño Parcelas divididas, con tres tratamientos, cuatro subtratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Para la comparación de los promedios de las variables, se utilizó la prueba de Rangos Múltiples de Duncan al 5% de probabilidad. En base a los resultados alcanzados en el presente estudio, se concluye que para altura de plantas, longitud de panículas, floración y maduración del cultivo, se obtuvo alta significación estadística solo para el material genético; para el número de macollos por m² y granos por panícula fueron significativo al 95% de probabilidades, tanto para material genético, como para fertilización; mientras que el testigo sin fertilización alcanzó solo 2.47 ton/ha; el suelo presentó déficit principalmente de nitrógeno y en menor intensidad de K y Zn; en calidad de grano sobresalió la línea GO39845 con 68% de arroz pilado; el análisis químico del suelo constituyó una buena herramienta para la fertilización del cultivo.
Filosofía de la tecnología, desde la pertinencia social
Authors: Cabrera-Berrezueta Luis Bolivar
Published: May 2020

Las ciencias en la medida que definían su objeto de estudio se independizaban de la filosofía, que fungía ser la madre de las mismas. Por ello, aparece la historia, filosofía, teología, psicología, tecnología, investigación, entre otras, desde una perspectiva disciplinar. Este trabajo reflexiona sobre la Filosofía de la tecnología, desde la pertinencia social, que inicia con un análisis de las categorías de la filosofía tradicional: ontología, epistemología, teleología y axiología, luego se precisa hechos y acontecimientos relevantes que han sido determinantes para el establecimiento de etapas de la historia de las ciencias en general. Las etapas históricas de la filosofía, literatura y de otras ciencias, son la antigua, premoderna, moderna y posmoderna. Los mensajes emitidos dentro del proceso comunicacional desarrollado por el ser humano, constituye otro de los ejes para establecer etapas como la oralidad, escritural y electrónica, que a su vez ésta se particulariza en analógica y digital, con la finalidad de fortalecer la fundamentación filosófica de cada una de estas etapas. La investigación, pese a su recorrido cronológico, desde los tiempos más remotos hasta la actualidad, responde a un enfoque diacrónico y trasciende a lo transdisciplinario; más aún, cuando se precisa hechos o acontecimientos, que han surgido en una etapa, constituyen lo relevante de la siguiente, o lo contrario que, perteneciendo a esta etapa, fue antecedente de la inmediata anterior. Se concluye con un aporte a la teoría científica con la conceptuación de la tecnología con pertinencia social, en cuanto, ésta tiene como fundamento filosófico su aprovechamiento en beneficio de la sociedad y del individuo, así como, ser eje trascendente en contribuir a los requerimientos, necesidades y problemas del contexto. Filosofía de la tecnología de ser la esperanza para reducir las brechas generadas entre naciones e individuos y de la misma tecnología
Impacto de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (Conectivismo) en la Promoción de Vivienda. Un estudio comparativo en la ciudad de Quito y Portoviejo – Ecuador
Authors: Vaca-Cárdenas Mónica Elva , Ordoñez-Ávila Ermenson Ricardo , Vargas-Estrada Astrid Astromelia , Vaca-Cárdenas Leticia Azucena
Published: May 2020

La sociedad actual se ha visto influenciada por la proliferación de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC). La evolución de estas tecnologías ha facilitado el acceso a todo tipo de información provocando un aumento considerable de la interactividad entre personas de distintos lugares del mundo. Adicionalmente, el uso de la tecnología permite ser más eficientes en el uso de recursos, vivienda, mejorar los servicios, y solucionar los transcendentales problemas de los ciudadanos.  El ámbito en que esta investigación se enfoca es el impacto de la tecnología en la promoción de vivienda.    Consecuentemente, el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el impacto de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (Conectivismo) en la Promoción de Vivienda en la ciudad de Quito y Portoviejo – Ecuador.  Esta investigación fue un estudio comparativo entre Quito y Portoviejo. Se aplicó una encuesta dirigida a 319 propietarios de vivienda en venta o en arriendo en la ciudad de Quito y Portoviejo – Ecuador. De las cuales, 232 encuestas fueron realizadas en la ciudad de Quito y 87 encuestas fueron realizadas en la ciudad de Portoviejo. El análisis de resultados se lo realizó aplicando minería de texto y con la utilización de la herramienta estadística del estudio R.  Los resultados de esta investigación han demostrado que el uso de medios tecnológicos contribuye predominantemente para ofertar vivienda en las ciudades de Quito y Portoviejo, por parte de propietarios de la misma. Así, se concluye que, las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (Conectivismo) están impactando la promoción de vivienda en las ciudades de Quito y Portoviejo –Ecuador.