bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of a honeybee lactic acid bacterial microbiome on human nasal symptoms, commensals, and biomarkers
Authors: Mårtensson Anders , Greiff Lennart , Lamei Sepideh S. , Lindstedt Malin , Olofsson Tobias C. , Vasquez Alejandra , Cervin Anders
Published: April 2016

Background

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can restore commensal microbiomes and prevent infections. Arguably, nasal administrations of LAB may therefore be beneficial in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Previous studies have examined effects of topical/nasal LAB in children with secretory otitis media, but little is as yet known about their effects on the human nasal airway. The aim of this pilot study was to examine effects on nasal symptoms and commensal bacteria in healthy subjects of nasal administration of a honeybee LAB microbiome; ie, a mixture of 9 Lactobacillus spp. and 4 Bifidobacterium spp. obtained from the honeybee Apis mellifera. Furthermore, we aimed to assess whether or not the honeybee LAB produced a local inflammatory response.

Methods

Twenty‐two healthy subjects received a single administration of honeybee LAB in a sham‐controlled, double‐blinded, and crossover design. Using questionnaires, microbiological methods, and nasal lavages, they were assessed regarding symptoms, changes to commensal bacteria, and inflammatory products in nasal lavage fluids.

Results

The honeybee LAB did not produce any symptoms or other untoward effects. No changes were observed of commensal bacteria by the honeybee LAB, and no inflammatory response was detected (compared to sham); ie, unaffected nasal lavage fluid levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), monokine induced by interferon‐γ (MIG), interleukin‐15 (IL‐15), epidermal growth factor (EGF), eotaxin, interferon gamma‐induced protein‐10 (IP‐10), and interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1RA).

Conclusion

A single human nasal administration of a honeybee LAB microbiome is well tolerated. Specifically, it does not affect commensal bacteria and does not produce an inflammatory response.
Gender‐specific analysis of outcomes from endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Lal Devyani , Golisch Kimberly B. , Elwell Zachary A. , Divekar Rohit D. , Rank Matthew A. , Chang Yu‐Hui
Published: April 2016

Background

Women electing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) report higher symptom burden but have lower computed tomography (CT) scores. Gender‐specific analysis of outcomes from ESS therefore merits further study. The objective of this work was to study gender‐specific differences in outcomes from ESS for CRS by analyzing preoperative and postoperative 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) scores.

Methods

Data from adult CRS patients electing ESS (2011‐2013) were retrospectively collected. SNOT‐22 total, rhinologic/nonrhinologic subdomain, and individual item scores were analyzed for gender‐specific differences.

Results

Two hundred and forty‐eight patients met study criteria (mean age 55.4 years; 49.6% female). Preoperatively, mean Lund‐Mackay CT score was 11.1; average total SNOT‐22 score was 41.9. Compared to men, women had lower CT score (10.2 vs 12.0; p = 0.004) but higher total SNOT‐22 score (44.7 vs 39.1; p = 0.02). Both genders showed significant improvement in total SNOT‐22 scores at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months following ESS (p < 0.001), with largely similar slopes of improvement. The greatest improvement occurred at 3 months (SNOT‐22 decreased by 25.4 points), with stable improvement after 12 months (SNOT‐22 decreased by 21.3 points). Higher total SNOT‐22 scores in females were noted preoperatively and until 6 months post‐ESS; these were driven by rhinologic and nonrhinologic‐otolaryngic subdomain items. No gender differences in anxiety/depression prevalence or psychological subdomain scores were noted preoperatively or postoperatively.

Conclusion

Both male and female CRS patients showed significant and durable symptom relief following ESS. Women reported higher symptom burden prior to surgery, and in the early postoperative period. However, after 1‐year post‐ESS, both genders showed similar symptom scores. The trend and magnitude of improvement were similar in both genders.
Reductive Cross‐Coupling of Conjugated Arylalkenes and Aryl Bromides with Hydrosilanes by Cooperative Palladium/Copper Catalysis
Authors: Semba Kazuhiko , Ariyama Kenta , Zheng Hong , Kameyama Ryohei , Sakaki Shigeyoshi , Nakao Yoshiaki
Published: April 2016

A method for the reductive cross‐coupling of conjugated arylalkenes and aryl bromides with hydrosilanes by cooperative palladium/copper catalysis was developed, thus resulting in the highly regioselective formation of various 1,1‐diarylalkanes, including a biologically active molecule. Under the applied reaction conditions, high levels of functional‐group tolerance were observed, and the reductive cross‐coupling of internal alkynes with aryl bromides afforded trisubstituted alkenes.
Ultrafine Metal–Organic Right Square Prism Shaped Nanowires
Authors: Otake Ken‐ichi , Otsubo Kazuya , Sugimoto Kunihisa , Fujiwara Akihiko , Kitagawa Hiroshi
Published: April 2016

We report the structural design and control of electronic states of a new series of ultrafine metal–organic right square prism‐shaped nanowires. These nanowires have a very small inner diameter of about 2.0 Å, which is larger than hydrogen and similar to xenon atomic diameters. The electronic states of nanowires can be widely controlled by substitution of structural components. Moreover, the platinum homometallic nanowire shows a 100 times higher proton conductivity than a palladium/platinum heterometallic one depending on the electronic states.
Phosphine‐mediated Highly Enantioselective Spirocyclization with Ketimines as Substrates
Authors: Han Xiaoyu , Chan Wai‐Lun , Yao Weijun , Wang Yongjiang , Lu Yixin
Published: April 2016

Phosphine‐catalyzed enantioselective annulation reactions involving ketimines are a daunting synthetic challenge owing to the intrinsic low reactivity of ketimine substrates. A highly enantioselective [3+2] cycloaddition reaction that makes use of isatin‐derived ketimines as reaction partners was developed. Notably, both simple and γ‐substituted allenoates could be utilized, and various 3,2′‐pyrrolidinyl spirooxindoles with a tetrasubstituted stereocenter were obtained in excellent yields and with nearly perfect enantioselectivity (>98 % ee in all cases).
Magnetically and Near‐Infrared Light‐Powered Supramolecular Nanotransporters for the Remote Control of Enzymatic Reactions
Authors: Chechetka Svetlana A. , Yuba Eiji , Kono Kenji , Yudasaka Masako , Bianco Alberto , Miyako Eijiro
Published: April 2016

Cancer is one of the primary causes of death worldwide. A high‐precision analysis of biomolecular behaviors in cancer cells at the single‐cell level and more effective cancer therapies are urgently required. Here, we describe the development of a magnetically‐ and near infrared light‐triggered optical control method, based on nanorobotics, for the analyses of cellular functions. A new type of nanotransporters, composed of magnetic iron nanoparticles, carbon nanohorns, and liposomes, was synthesized for the spatiotemporal control of cellular functions in cells and mice. Our technology will help to create a new state‐of‐the‐art tool for the comprehensive analysis of “real” biological molecular information at the single‐cell level, and it may also help in the development of innovative cancer therapies.
Investigation on the effect of spinning conditions on the properties of hollow fiber membrane for hemodialysis application
Authors: Mansur Sumarni , Othman Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan , Ismail A. F. , Sheikh Abdul Kadir Siti Hamimah , Kamal Fatmawati , Goh Pei Sean , Hasbullah Hasrinah , Ng Bee Cheer , Abdullah Mohd Sohaimi
Published: April 2016

Polyethersulfone (PES) hollow fiber membranes were fabricated via the dry‐wet phase inversion spinning technique, aiming to produce an asymmetric, micro porous ultrafiltration hollow‐fiber specifically for hemodialysis membrane. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of spinning conditions on the morphological and permeation properties of the fabricated membrane. Among the parameters that were studied in this work are air gap distance, dope extrusion rate, bore fluid flow rate, and the take‐up speed. The contact angle was measured to determine the hydrophilicity of the fibers. Membrane with sufficient hydrophilicity properties is desired for hemodialysis application to avoid fouling and increase its biocompatibility. The influences of the hollow fiber's morphology (i.e., diameter and wall thickness) on the performance of the membranes were evaluated by pure water flux and BSA rejection. The experimental results showed that the dope extrusion rate to bore fluid flow rate ratio should be maintained at 1:1 ratio to produce a perfectly rounded asymmetric hollow fiber membrane. Moreover, the flux of the hollow fiber spun at higher air gap distance had better flux than the one spun at lower air gap distance. Furthermore, spinning asymmetric hollow fiber membranes at high air gap distance helps to produce a thin and porous skin layer, leading to a better flux but a relatively low percentage of rejection for BSA separation. Findings from this study would serve as primary data which will be a useful guide for fabricating a high performance hemodialysis hollow fiber membrane. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43633.
High‐efficiency recovery of rare earth ions by hydrolyzed poly(styrene‐co‐maleic anhydride)
Authors: Gui Wenjun , Yang Ying , Zhu Xuan
Published: April 2016

Hydrolyzed poly(styrene‐co‐maleic anhydride) (PSMA) as a high‐efficiency adsorbent is used for recovering La3+, Eu3+, Tb3+, and Yb3+ from the simulate wastewater of bastnaesite leach liquor. The pseudo‐first‐order and pseudo‐second‐order models are used to fit adsorption data in the kinetic studies and the results show good correlation with the pseudo‐second‐order model. The Langmuir model is found to fit for the isotherm data of all the rare earth ions (RE3+) and the maximum adsorption capacity of hydrolyzed PSMA is 285.79, 301.92, 305.46, and 336.65 mg g−1 at 298 K for La3+, Eu3+, Tb3+, and Yb3+, respectively. The adsorption could be conducted in at pH 6.0 and the equilibrium is fast established in 30 min. Competition from coexisting ions (Ca2+, Mg2+) was proved to be insignificant. Moreover, the spent adsorbent could be well regenerated and kept above 80% of adsorption efficiency at the end of the fifth cycle. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43676.
Quaternized poly(phenylene oxide) anion exchange membrane for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells in KOH‐free media
Authors: Gopi K. Hari , Bhat Santoshkumar D. , Sahu Akhila Kumar , Sridhar P.
Published: April 2016

A series of anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolytes with quaternary ammonium moiety are fabricated from poly (phenylene oxide) for its application in alkaline direct methanol fuel cells (ADMFCs). In the first step, poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO) is successfully chloromethylated by substituting chloromethyl groups in the aryl position of polymer. In the second step, the chloromethylated PPO (CPPO) is further homogeneously quaternized and ion‐exchanged to form an AEM. From the second step, series of AEMs are prepared by changing the mole ratio of amine in relation to CPPO. The presence of quaternary ammonium group in the membrane was confirmed by elemental analysis. The fabricated membranes are subjected to cell polarization studies in ADMFCs, wherein quaternized poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene oxide) (CPPO:amine of 1:8) membrane exhibits higher peak power density of 3.5 mW cm−2 when compared with the other ratios of CPPO:amine in the absence of KOH solution. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43693.
Synthesis and characterization of multi‐hollow opaque polymer pigments
Authors: Asmaoğlu Serdar , Gündüz Güngör , Maviş Bora , Çolak Üner
Published: April 2016

A new generation multihollow opaque polymer pigment was synthesized by suspension polymerization of “water‐in‐oil‐in‐water” emulsion method, where methyl methacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate monomer mixture was used as oil phase. The effects of surfactant and cosurfactant composition in terms of “hydrophilic/lipophilic balance” on the stability of the “water‐in‐oil” emulsion and the size of water droplets were studied. Low droplet sizes and the optimum stability were obtained with “Span 80&Tween 80” surfactant mixture at an HLB value of 8. The desired size distribution was obtained at “monomer/surfactant/water” ratio of 75.5/9.4/15.1 at an ultrasonic mixing power of 80 W lasting for 30 s. The surface morphology and hollow structure of polymer pigments were analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy techniques. L*a*b color and gloss properties of polymer pigments were examined. The opacity values were assessed by contrast ratio measurements, and the pigments provided up to 97.3% opacity with 50% v/v solid content in resin. In addition, the pigments exhibited low gloss values and yielded matte films. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43696.
Characteristics of wet‐spun and thermally treated poly acrylonitrile fibers
Authors: Kirsten Martin , Meinl Juliane , Schönfeld Katrin , Michaelis Alexander , Cherif Chokri
Published: April 2016

The performance of carbon fibers depends on the quality of the precursor and the conditions of the thermal treatment. In detail, for a PAN precursor fiber the viscosity of a spinning dope and the draw ratio during the spinning process needs to be considered. Through wet spinning, different types of PAN precursor fibers with defined spinning parameters, including solid content, solvent content in a bath, and especially draw ratio resulting in defined cross section diameters, were fabricated and analyzed with tensile tests, density investigations, SEM, TGA‐MS, FTIR, and XRD. The results show that the mechanical properties of the fibers correlate to crystallinity. The cross section diameter is strongly related to the morphology of the fibers after thermal treatment. By extending the postdrawing of PAN fibers high tenacities were obtained at the cost of the cross section shape. In addition, TGA measurements reveal trapped residues of the wet spinning process as well as show several chemical reactions takes place at the same time at different temperatures. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43698.
Scrutinizing the influence of peroxide crosslinking of dynamically vulcanized EVA/TPU blends with special reference to cable sheathing applications
Authors: Dutta Joyeeta , Ramachandran Padmanabhan , Naskar Kinsuk
Published: April 2016

A novel thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) based on the blends of ethylene vinyl acetate/thermoplastic polyurethane (EVA/TPU) at various blend ratios has been developed via dynamic vulcanization at 180 °C using di‐(2‐tert‐butyl peroxy isopropyl) benzene (DTBPIB) peroxide as the cross‐linking agent. Modification of the EVA/TPU blends via dynamic crosslinking significantly improves the tensile strength and modulus of the system and the improvement is more significant for EVA/TPU 50/50 and 60/40 blends. AFM study shows that crosslinked EVA particles are dispersed in the continuous TPU matrix and the dispersed EVA domain sizes are relatively smaller in EVA/TPU 50/50 and 60/40 blends leading to good mechanical properties. FTIR spectroscopy has been used to characterize the specific chemical changes occurring due to dynamic vulcanization. This TPV has excellent retention of physico‐mechanical properties even after reprocessing twice and the blends also have very good thermal resistance as indicated by aging study. The samples were found to exhibit remarkable improvement in oil resistance property as compared to their uncrosslinked counterpart. The creep behavior of the blends significantly improves after dynamic crosslinking and blends with higher TPU content show better creep resistance. Volume resistivity of all the peroxide vulcanized blends is in the range of 1013ohm cm, which is suitable for cable sheathing application. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2016,133, 43706.
Investigating the thermal, mechanical, and electrochemical properties of PVdF/PVP nanofibrous membranes for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Jabbarnia A. , Khan W.S. , Ghazinezami A. , Asmatulu R.
Published: April 2016

Polyvinylidene fluoride and polyvinylpyrrolidone polymers incorporated with carbon black nanoparticles (50 nm) were electrospun to fabricate nanofibrous membranes for supercapacitor separators. Different weight percentages (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 wt %) of carbon black nanoparticles were dispersed in N,N‐dimethylacetamide and acetone prior to the electrospinning processes at various voltage, pump speed, and tip‐to‐collector distances. The morphology, thermal, mechanical, hydrophobic, and electrochemical characterization of nanofibrous membrane were analyzed using different techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, capacitance bridge, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analyzer, and water contact angle. Effects of annealing and UV irradiation exposures on the nanofibrous membranes were investigated in detail. Test results revealed that the physical properties of the nanocomposite separators were significantly enhanced as a function of carbon black inclusions in the polymeric structures, which may be useful for the applications of supercapacitor separators and other energy storage devices. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43707.
Attitudes of referees in a multidisciplinary journal: An empirical analysis
Authors: Casnici Niccolò , Grimaldo Francisco , Gilbert Nigel , Squazzoni Flaminio
Published: April 2016

This paper looks at 10 years of reviews in a multidisciplinary journal, The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation (JASSS), which is the flagship journal of social simulation. We measured referee behavior and referees' agreement. We found that the disciplinary background and the academic status of the referee have an influence on the report time, the type of recommendation and the acceptance of the reviewing task. Referees from the humanities tend to be more generous in their recommendations than other referees, especially economists and environmental scientists. Second, we found that senior researchers are harsher in their judgments than junior researchers, and the latter accept requests to review more often and are faster in reporting. Finally, we found that articles that had been refereed and recommended for publication by a multidisciplinary set of referees were subsequently more likely to receive citations than those that had been reviewed by referees from the same discipline. Our results show that common standards of evaluation can be established even in multidisciplinary communities.
Unerwartete Kohlenmonoxid‐Gefahren
Authors: Bosch Stefan
Published: April 2016

Das Atemgift Kohlenmonoxid (CO) entsteht nicht nur bei Verbrennungsvorgängen aller Art, sondern kann auch beim Betrieb von Tischgrills, beim Rauchen von Wasserpfeifen oder in Holzpelletlagern inhaliert werden und zu akut lebensbedrohlichen oder chronischen Vergiftungen führen. Der Beitrag zeigt die Zusammenhänge der Entstehung und Wirkung von CO im häuslichen Bereich auf und gibt Hinweise, wie Vergiftungen vermieden werden können.
Beschleunigte Evolution durch bakteriellen Raubmord
Authors: Tetsch Larissa
Published: April 2016

Der Choleraerreger Vibrio cholerae ist in der Lage, freie DNA aus dem Medium aufzunehmen. Der Zugewinn an fremden Genen beschleunigt seine Evolution, auch im Hinblick auf sein pathogenes Potenzial. Unter bestimmten Bedingungen bildet das Bakterium das Typ‐VI‐Sekretionssystem, welches dem Abtöten benachbarter Zellen dient. Hierdurch werden nicht nur Konkurrenten ausgeschaltet, sondern es wird dem angreifenden Bakterium gezielt DNA für den horizontalen Gentransfer zur Verfügung gestellt.
Vielfalt von Pflanzenarten in der Ernährung
Authors: Zacharias Dietmar , Vogel Eva
Published: April 2016

Die Vielfalt der Pflanzenarten ist ein Thema in der Biologie, das im Biologiestudium seinen festen Platz hat. Für die Lehre an Hochschulen ist es eine Herausforderung, diesen umfassenden Themenkomplex in begrenzter Zeit so zu gestalten, dass die Studierenden sich diesem möglichst durch eigenständige Aktivitäten nähern, die einen guten Weg für nachhaltiges Lernen darstellen. Eine Möglichkeit, wie man diesen didaktischen Ansatz umsetzen kann, bieten Übungen, die begleitend zu Vorlesungen bzw. seminaristischem Unterricht durchgeführt werden und für die hier ein konkretes Beispiel vorgestellt werden soll.
Impact of APCI ionization source in liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry based tissue distribution studies
Authors: Khatal Laxman , Gaur Ashwani , Naphade Ashish , Kandikere Vishwottam , Mookhtiar Kasim
Published: April 2016

Measurement of test article concentration in tissue samples has been an important part of pharmacokinetic study and has helped to co‐relate pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships since the 1950s. Bioanalysis of tissue samples using LC–MS/MS comes with unique challenges in terms of sample handling and inconsistent analyte response owing to nonvolatile matrix components. Matrix effect is a phenomenon where the target analyte response is either suppressed or enhanced in the presence of matrix components. Based on previous reports electrospray ionization (ESI) mode of ionization is believed to be more affected by matrix components than atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) or atmospheric pressure photoionization. To explore the impact of ionization source with respect to bioanalysis of tissue samples, five structurally diverse compounds – atenolol, verapamil, diclofenac, propranolol and flufenamic acid – were selected. Quality control standards were spiked into 10 different biological matrices like whole blood, liver, heart, brain, spleen, kidney, skeletal muscle, eye and skin tissue and were quantified against calibration standards prepared in rat plasma. Quantitative bioanalysis was performed utilizing both APCI and ESI mode and results were compared. Quality control standards when analyzed with APCI mode were found to be more consistent in terms of accuracy and precision as compared with ESI mode. Additionally, for some instances, up to 20‐fold broader dynamic linearity range was observed with APCI mode as compared with ESI mode. As phospholid interferences have poor response in APCI mode, protein precipitation extraction technique can be used for multimatrix quantitation, which is more amenable to automation. The approach of multiple biological matrix quantitation against a single calibration curve helps bioanalysts to reduce turnaround time. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of daily social stimulation on behavioral and physiological outcomes in an animal model of PTSD
Authors: Seetharaman Shyam , Fleshner Monika , Park Collin R. , Diamond David M.
Published: April 2016

Introduction

We have shown in previous work that acute episodes of predator exposure occurring in the context of chronic social instability produced PTSD‐like sequelae in rats. Our animal model of PTSD contained two components: (1) acute trauma, immobilization of rats in close proximity to a cat twice in 10 days, and (2) chronic social instability, 31 days of randomized housing of cage cohorts. Here we tested the hypothesis that daily social stimulation would block the development of the PTSD‐like sequelae.

Methods

Beginning 24 h after the first cat exposure, adult male rats were given our established PTSD model, alone or in conjunction with daily social stimulation, in which all rats within a group interacted in a large apparatus for 2 h each day for the final 30 days of the PTSD regimen. All behavioral, for example, anxiety, memory, startle testing, and physiological assessments, for example, body growth, organ weights, and corticosterone levels, took place following completion of the psychosocial stress period.

Results

Daily social stimulation blocked the expression of a subset of PTSD‐like effects, including predator‐based cued fear conditioning, enhanced startle response, heightened anxiety on the elevated plus maze and the stress‐induced suppression of growth rate. We also found that social stimulation and psychosocial stress produced equivalent outcomes in some measures, including adrenal and heart hypertrophy, thymus atrophy, and a reduction in poststress corticosterone levels.

Conclusions

Daily exposure of rats to a highly social environment blocked the development of a subset of trauma‐induced sequelae, particularly fear‐related outcomes. It is notable that daily social stimulation normalized a subset, but not all, of the PTSD‐like effects. We discuss our findings in the context of the literature demonstrating that social stimulation can counteract the adverse effects of traumatic stress on behavioral and physiological measures, as well as to produce its own stress‐like outcomes.
Oleanolic acid induces autophagic death in human gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Nie Hao , Wang Yu , Qin Yong , Gong Xing‐Guo
Published: April 2016

Oleanolic acid (OA), a plant‐derived pentacyclic terpenoid, is known to have hepatoprotective effects. In this study, we found that OA induced autophagic cell death in multiple human gastric cancer cell lines. Moreover, OA‐induced autophagy was shown for the first time in human gastric cancer cells, evidenced by the formation of GFP‐RFP‐LC3 puncta and autophagosomes. OA suppressed phospho‐mTOR through inhibition of the PI3 K/AKT and ERK/p38 MAPK signalling pathways and through activation of the AMPK signalling pathway. Furthermore, we found that OA‐induced cytotoxicity and autophagy could be blocked by the autophagy inhibitor 3‐methyladenine or via siRNA targeting Beclin‐1. Our in vivo research showed that OA delayed the formation of MGC‐803 tumours in an autophagy‐dependent manner. These results reveal a novel mechanism for OA in gastric cancer cells and suggest that OA could be a novel agent in the treatment of gastric cancer.
Copper‐Free Sonogashira Coupling for High‐Surface‐Area Conjugated Microporous Poly(aryleneethynylene) Networks
Authors: Trunk Matthias , Herrmann Anna , Bildirir Hakan , Yassin Ali , Schmidt Johannes , Thomas Arne
Published: April 2016

A modified one‐pot Sonogashira cross‐coupling reaction based on a copper‐free methodology has been applied for the synthesis of conjugated microporous poly(aryleneethynylene) networks (CMPs) from readily available iodoarylenes and 1,3,5‐triethynylbenzene. The polymerization reactions were carried out by using equimolar amounts of halogen and terminal alkyne moieties with extremely small loadings of palladium catalyst as low as 0.65 mol %. For the first time, CMPs with rigorously controlled structures were obtained without any indications of side reactions, as proven by FTIR and solid‐state NMR spectroscopy, while showing Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface areas higher than any poly(aryleneethynylene) network reported before, reaching up to 2552 m2 g−1.
ChemInform Abstract: X‐RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES ON THE STRUCTURES OF DIAMMINE‐ AND AQUASILVER(I) COMPLEXES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Authors: MAEDA M. , MAEGAWA Y. , YAMAGUCHI T. , OHTAKI H.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Radialverteilungskurven einer Ag(NH3)2NO3‐Lösung wird für die Ag‐NH3‐Bindung eine Länge von 2.22 Å abgeleitet.
ChemInform Abstract: THE INFLUENCE OF OXYGEN SOLUBILITY ON THE ELECTROCHEMICALLY MEASURED ACTIVITES OF METALLIC COMPONENTS IN LIQUID COPPER‐SILVER SOLUTIONS
Authors: FITZNER K.
Published: April 2016

Die Aktivität von Cu in flüssigen Cu‐Ag‐Legierungen wird mit der galvanischen Hochtemp.‐Zelle A im Temp.‐Bereich 1150‐1300 K und bei Cu‐Molenbrüchen zwischen 0.2 und 0.7 untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF BASIC MAGNESIUM CARBONATES UNDER HIGH‐PRESSURE GAS ATMOSPHERES
Authors: SAWADA Y. , YAMAGUCHI J. , SAKURAI O. , UEMATSU K. , MIZUTANI N. , KATO M.
Published: April 2016

Die thermischen Zers. von Hydromagnesit (I) und Nesquehonit (II) werden in CO2‐, N2‐ und Ar‐Atmosphären bei bis zu 50 kg cm‐2 differentialthermoanalytisch untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: DETERMINATION OF THE THERMAL STABILITY OF HETEROPOLY ACIDS
Authors: LUNK H.‐J. , CUVAEV V. F.
Published: April 2016

wird als neues allgemeingültiges Kriterium der in DTA‐ und TG‐Kurven zu beobachtende exotherme Effekt definiert.
ChemInform Abstract: EFFECT OF LITHIUM(1+) ON THE ACIDITY OF METAPHOSPHATE‐ALKALI NITRITE MELTS
Authors: EL HOSARY A. A. , IBRAHIM M. E. , SHAMS EL DIN A. M.
Published: April 2016

In Gegenwart von nur 2 Gew‐% LiNO3 in der KNO3‐Schmelze bei 350°C weist die potentiometrische Titrationskurve für (NaPO3)3 mit Na2O2 nur eine Stufe, entsprechend dem Verbrauch von 1 Äquivalent Oxid pro Äquivalent PO3‐, auf.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION BETWEEN NITRIC OXIDE AND OZONE IN SOLID NITROGEN
Authors: LUCAS D. , PIMENTEL G. C.
Published: April 2016

NO und O3 reagieren in einer N2‐Matrix bei 11‐20 K zu NO2.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF THE OXIDATION OF FERROUS ION BY IODATE ION IN STRONG PERCHLORIC ACID, AQUEOUS MEDIA
Authors: BRUMMER J. G. , FIELD R. J.
Published: April 2016

Kinetik und Mechanismus der Reaktion A in stark saurem, wäßrigem Medium werden bei 30°C, pH 0 und konstanter Ionenstärke (1.5 M (ClO4‐)) untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETICS OF OXIDATION OF BIVALENT IRON BY CHLORATE
Authors: MADLO K.
Published: April 2016

Die Kinetik der Fe(II)‐Oxidation durch C10; wird in homogenen (pH 1, HClO4) sowie in heterogenen Systemen bei gleichzeitiger hydrolytischer Fällung des gebildeten Fe(III) (pH 1‐5.5) untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: SILVER(I)‐CATALYZED OXIDATION OF CHROMIUM(III) BY PEROXODISULFATE ION
Authors: PRAKASH A. , MEHROTRA R. N. , KAPOOR R. C.
Published: April 2016

Die durch Ag(I) katalysierte Reaktion A in 1 M H2SO4 ist 1. Ordnung bez. [Ag(I)], 0. Ordnung bez. [Cr(III)] und gebrochener Ordnung bez. [S2O8‐2] (spektrophotometrische Messungen).
ChemInform Abstract: THE PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF NEPTUNIUM IN AQUEOUS PERCHLORIC ACID SOLUTIONS
Authors: FRIEDMAN H. A. , TOTH L. M. , OSBORNE M. M.
Published: April 2016

In Abwesenheit anderer Reagenzien werden Np(IV) und Np(V) bei UV‐Bestrahlung (254 und 300 nm) in HClO4‐haltiger wäßriger Lösung (0.1‐4.0 N) stufenweise zu Np(VI) photooxidiert (Quantenausb (I) zwischen 0.02 und 0.004).
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF PHOSPHITES. XXVIII. PHOSPHITES OF SOME TRIVALENT METALS FROM THE FIRST TRANSITION SERIES
Authors: EBERT M. , KAVAN L.
Published: April 2016

Die Phosphite (I)‐(III) werden nach Literaturmethoden dargestellt und im festen Zustand thermoanalytisch, magnetochemisch und spektroskopisch (IR‐, EPR‐ und Reflexionselektronenspektren) untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF ANTIMONY(III) FLUORIDE WITH SULFUR AND SELENIUM TRIOXIDES
Authors: TOUZIN J. , MITACEK L.
Published: April 2016

SbF3 reagiert mit SO3 in flüssigem SO2 in Abhängigkeit vom Reaktantenverhältnis zu den Verbindungen F 2SbSO3F, FSb(SO3F)2 und Sb(SO3F)3 (Produktanalysen und Raman‐Spektren).
ChemInform Abstract: SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY OF LANTHANUM THALLATE
Authors: RASTOGI R. P. , DUBEY B. L. , LAKSHMI LAKSHMI , DAS T. , TEWARI B. N.
Published: April 2016

Die Festkörperreaktionen A und B führen zum gleichen einphasigen Produkt (I) (Röntgen‐Untersuchung), das sich bei etwa 920°C zersetzt (Thermoanalyse).
ChemInform Abstract: ERBIUM(III) COMPLEXATION WITH BROMIDE AND IODIDE IONS IN AQUEOUS METHANOL
Authors: SILBER H. B. , BORDANO G.
Published: April 2016

Die Assoziationsreaktionen von Er(III) mit Br‐ und I‐ werden mit Hilfe der Ultraschallabsorptionsmethode als Funktion der Lösungsmittelzusammensetzung in wäßrigem Methanol bei 25°C untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: PEROXO COMPLEXES OF VANADIUM(V); A VANADIUM‐51 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE STUDY
Authors: HOWARTH O. W. , HUNT J. R.
Published: April 2016

In wäßrigen Lösungen von Metavanadat und H2O2 werden je nach Konzentrationsverhältnis und pH die Peroxovanadium(V)‐Spezies (I)‐(VIII) nachgewiesen.
ChemInform Abstract: FLUORO COMPLEXES OF HEXAVALENT URANIUM. VII. FLUOROSULFATO COMPLEXES OF DIOXOURANIUM(VI)
Authors: CHAKRAVORTI M. C. , BHARADWAJ P. K.
Published: April 2016

Die Komplexe (I)‐(IV) kristallisieren aus konz. wäßrigen Lösungen von UO2F2 oder H[UO2F3]·H2O und K‐, Cs‐ bzw. NH4‐sulfat aus, während das Salz (V) durch Pyrolyse von (NH4)2[UO2F2(SO4)] bei 95°C erhalten wird.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKALINE EARTH URANATES FROM THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF CARBOXYLATES
Authors: ROJAS R. M. , GONZALEZ V. , BERMUDEZ J. , DE PAZ M. L.
Published: April 2016

Das thermische Verhalten der Erdalkalimetalluranylcarboxylate (I) und (II) wird mittels DTA‐, TG‐ und DTG‐Methoden untersucht und die während des Auf heizprozesses auftretenden Phasen röntgenographisch identifiziert.
ChemInform Abstract: TIME‐RESOLVED CIDEP AND ESR STUDIES OF HEAVY METAL‐ORGANIC RADICAL COMPLEXES. THE URANYL‐PHENANTHROQUINONE RADICAL IONS
Authors: DEBOER J. W. M. , CHEN K. S. , CHUNG Y. C. C. , WAN J. K. S.
Published: April 2016

ESR‐spektroskopische Untersuchungen bestrahlter THF‐Lösungen von o‐Phenanthrochinon (L) und UO2(NO3)2 · 6H2O bei ‐60 °C zeigen das Vorliegen der Radikalionen [UO2L]+ und [UO2HL]2+.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTRONIC EFFECT OF THE TRICYANOMETHYL GROUP BY CARBON‐13 AND FLUORINE‐19 NMR: NATURE OF ARYL FLUORINE‐19 NMR POLAR FIELD EFFECTS IN THE BENZENE AN NAPHTHALENE RING SYSTEMS
Authors: ADCOCK W. , COX D. P.
Published: April 2016

Die 19F‐ und 13C‐NMR‐Spektren von Tricyanomethyl‐Verbindungen (I)‐(IV) werden untersucht und diskutiert.
ChemInform Abstract: BOND ORBITALS AND INTRAMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS. 1. BARRIERS TO ROTATION AND NONBONDED INTERACTIONS
Authors: GAVEZZOTTI A. , BARTELL L. S.
Published: April 2016

Die Brunck‐Weinhold‐Hypothesen über Ursachen der inneren Rotationsbarrieren werden an Ethan, Fluorethan, Methylamin und Methanol überprüft.
ChemInform Abstract: BARRIERS AGAINST CONFIGURATIONAL ISOMERIZATION AT TETRAHEDRAL NICKEL(II)
Authors: KNORR R. , RUF F.
Published: April 2016

NMR‐spektroskopische Untersuchungen der Isomerisierungen (I) zu (II) und (III) zu (IV); Umwandlungsgeschwindigkeiten sind angegeben.
ChemInform Abstract: A CARBON DISULFIDE BRIDGE OF A NEW TYPE IN A BINUCLEAR COBALT(I) COMPLEX
Authors: BIANCHINI C. , MEALLI C. , MELI A. , ORLANDINI A. , SACCONI L.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Reaktion von CS2 mit Co(II)‐tetrafluoroborat und 1,1,1‐Tris‐(diphenylphosphinomethyl)‐ethan in BuOH entsteht der diamagnetische Titelkomplex (I), der durch Zugabe von NaBPh4 in EtOH gefällt wurde.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW SEPHAROSE DERIVATIVE CONTAINING COVALENTLY BOUND MYO‐INOSITOL: ITS STRUCTURE AND APPLICATION
Authors: FAZLDEEN H. , BREITENBACH M.
Published: April 2016

Aus myo‐Inosit und Propylenoxid entsteht ein Gemisch der Isomeren (Ia) und (Ib).
ChemInform Abstract: THERMOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF NEARLY IDEAL BINARY SOLVENTS. 4. GAS‐LIQUID PARTITION COEFFICIENTS IN COMPLEXING AND NONCOMPLEXING SYSTEMS
Authors: ACREE W. E. JUN. , BERTRAND G. L.
Published: April 2016

Es wird gezeigt, daß die lineare Beziehung zwischen Verteilungskoeffizient eines Gelösten und Volumenverhältnis eines Lösungsmittelgemisches aus zwei Lösungsmitteln zwar die bisher untersuchten Systeme korrekt wiedergibt, jedoch keine allgemeingültige thermodynamische Beziehung darstellt.
ChemInform Abstract: MIXED LIGAND CHELATES OF SOME RARE EARTH METALS WITH DIETHYLENETRIAMINE‐PENTAACETIC ACID AND DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS
Authors: KUMAR R. , SHARMA R. C. , CHATURVEDI G. K.
Published: April 2016

Potentiometrische Untersuchungen bestätigen die Bildung der 1:1: l‐Komplexe (I) in den entsprechenden M(III)‐Diethylenpentaessigsäure‐Dicarbonsäure‐Systemen.
ChemInform Abstract: SOLVOLYSIS OF ALKYL P‐HYDROXYBENZOATES IN FUSED LITHIUM‐SODIUM‐POTASSIUM ACETATE
Authors: BRAUE E. H. JUN. , ALEXANDER V. T. , BURTON L. L. , CROWELL T. I. , DEVLIN C. P.
Published: April 2016

In der eutektischen Schmelze der genannten Acetate wird das Hydroxy‐ benzoat (Ia) in Gegenwart von Essigsäure‐gesättigtem Stickstoff unter CO2‐Abspaltung zum Acetat (II), Methanol (III) und Phenol (IV) solvolysiert.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIVITY OF DERIVATIVES OF 2‐(2‐CHLOROALKYLTHIO)‐3‐CHLORO‐3‐METHYLBUTANOIC ACIDS
Authors: RASTEIKENE L. P. , MISHKINENE V. A. , KULIS YU. YU.
Published: April 2016

Die Kinetik der stufenweisen Hydrolyse der C‐Cl‐Bindungen wird für die Titelverbindung (I) in wäßrigem Aceton untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: LEWIS ACID CATALYZED REACTIONS OF METHYL PROPIOLATE WITH UNACTIVATED ALKENES
Authors: SNIDER B. B. , RODINI D. J. , CONN R. S. E. , SEALFON S.
Published: April 2016

Lewissäure‐katalysierte Reaktion der Titelverbindung (II) mit 1,1‐disubstituierten [z.B. (I), (IV)], trisubstituierten [z.B. (VII), (XI)] sowie tetrasubstituierten Alkenen liefert ausschließlich En‐Addukte [z.B. (III), (V) + (VI), (VIII)‐(X), (XII) + (XIII), während die Umsetzung mit mono‐ [z.B. (XIV)] und 1,2‐disubstituierten Alkenen [z.B. (XVIII), (XX), (XXII)] hauptsächlich zu Cyclobutenen [z.B. (XV) + (XVI), (XIX), (XXI), (XXIII) + (XXIV)] führt.
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROPHILIC ADDITIONS TO ACETYLENES. 7. RELATIVE REACTIVITY OF DOUBLE AND TRIPLE BONDS TOWARD CARBENIUM IONS
Authors: MARCUZZI F. , MELLONI G. , MODENA G.
Published: April 2016

Die Addition von Diphenylmethyl‐ und Phenethyl‐Kationen (I) und (II), die aus entsprechenden Chloriden wie (VI) hergestellt werden, an Alkine (III) und Alkene (IV) wird vergleichend untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOINDUCED CYCLOADDITION OF TETRA‐SUBSTITUTED P‐QUINONES TO DIPHENYLKETENE
Authors: OGINO K. , MATSUMOTO T. , KOZUKA S.
Published: April 2016

Durch Addition von Diphenylketen (II) an die Benzochinone (I) erhält man die Spirolactone (III) und als Nebenprodukte die Verbindung (IVa).
ChemInform Abstract: OCTAMETHYLNAPHTHALENE (IMPROVED SYNTHESIS) AND OCTAMETHYLBIPHENYLENE
Authors: HART H. , TEUERSTEIN A.
Published: April 2016

Tetramethyldehydrobenzol (II), hergestellt aus o‐Dibromtetramethylbenzol (I) und Butyl‐ a lithium, wird durch Pentamethylpyrrol (III) quantitativ zum Addukt (IV) abgefangen, das mit m‐Chlorperbenzoesäure Octamethylnaphthalin (VI) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: RING‐OPENING REACTIONS OF TRIS(IMINO)THIETANES
Authors: L'ABBE G. , HYUBRECHTS L. , TOPPET S. , DECLERCQ J.‐P. , GERMAIN G. , VAN MEERSSCHE M.
Published: April 2016

Die zwei Arten der Ringöffnung (C2‐S‐ oder C4‐S‐Bindung) bei der Reaktion der Thietane (I) mit Nucleophilen werden beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: RING OPENING OF LACTONES AND CYCLIC CARBONATES WITH BROMO‐ OR IODOTRIMETHYLSILANE
Authors: KRICHELDORF H. R.
Published: April 2016

Die Lactone (III) bzw. (VI) reagieren mit dem Bromsilan (II) unter vollständiger Ringöffnung zu den w‐Bromalkansäureestern (I) bzw. (VII); im Falle des Lactons (VIII) kann nur ein Gleichgewicht mit ca. 30% (IX) erreicht werden.
ChemInform Abstract: THIOALKYLATION REACTION. V. CONDENSATION OF KETONES WITH FORMALDEHYDE AND 1,2‐ETHANEDITHIOL
Authors: DRONOV V. I. , NIGMATULLINA R. F. , KHALILOV L. M. , NIKITIN YU. E.
Published: April 2016

Acetophenon (I) reagiert mit Formaldehyd und Ethandithiol (Molverhältnis 20:2.4:1) in Gegenwart von NaOH in wäßrigem Ethanol unter Bildung des cyclischen Bissulfids (II).
ChemInform Abstract: SOLID STATE PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF N,N‐DIALKYL‐α‐OXOAMIDES. TYPE II REACTIONS IN THE CRYSTALLINE STATE
Authors: AOYAMA H. , HASEGAWA T. , OMOTE Y.
Published: April 2016

In den Kristallen der Titelverbindungen (I) und (III), die aus n‐Hexan oder wäßrigem Methanol erhalten werden, führt die Lichteinwirkung bei O bzw. ‐78°C zur Cyclisierung zu den Lactamen (II).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHETIC REACTIONS USING ORGANOTIN AND SULFUR COMPOUNDS. 3. REGIOSELECTIVE DESULFONYLATION OF ALLYLIC SULFONES WITH ORGANOTIN HYDRIDE INVOLVING DOUBLE MIGRATION OF THE DOUBLE BOND
Authors: UENO Y. , AOKI S. , OKAWARA M.
Published: April 2016

Beim Erhitzen (oder Bestrahlung) mit Bu3SnH in Gegenwart von Azobisisobutyronitril (AIBN) als Katalysator gehen die Tosylalkene (I) unter Umlagerung der Doppelbindung und Desulfonylierung in die Sn‐Derivate (II) über, die beim Behandeln mit konz. HCl oder Ac‐OH die umgelagerten Alkene (III) liefern.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMAL “WALK” REARRANGEMENT IN THE BICYCLO(2.1.0)PENT‐2‐ENE SYSTEM
Authors: KLAERNER F.‐G. , ADAMSKY F.
Published: April 2016

Bei 0 °C erfährt das Dimethylbicyclopenten (I) eine vollständige Umlagerung zu den Isomeren (II) und (III) im Verhältnis 93:7 (Geschwindigkeitskonstante 2.4·10‐5 /s, Gibbs‐Aktivierungsenergie 21.7 kcal/mol, aromatischer Übergangszustand).
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON THE OCCURENCE OF HYDROGEN TRANSFER. 58. POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITS OF PHOTOCHEMICALLY INDUCED ASYMMETRIC SYNTHESES
Authors: HORNER L. , KLAUS J.
Published: April 2016

1. Das trans‐Cyclopropan (IV) lagert sich in Gegenwart der optisch aktiven Sensibilisatoren (Sens.) (Ia)‐(Ie) bzw. (II) in Aceton oder Benzol in cis/trans‐Gemische wechselnder Zusammensetzung um, wobei im trans‐Isomeren (IV) ein Enantiomeres überwiegt.
ChemInform Abstract: PROTONATION OF SOME ARENES IN AN APROTIC MEDIUM
Authors: BUCHANAN A. C. III , DWORKIN A. S. , BRYNESTAD J. , GILPATRICK L. O. , POUTSMA M. L. , SMITH G. P.
Published: April 2016

In sorgfältig gereinigtem, wasserfreiem Medium wird Anthracen (I) durch SbCl3, dessen Oxidationsstärke durch AlCl3 vergrößert wurde, zunächst zum Kation oxidiert, das sich mit weiterem Anthraoen (I) disproportioniert nach folgender Gesamtstöchiometrie: 6 (I) + 4/3 SbCl3 ‐ 4 (II)+(III) + 4/3 Sb.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF STABLE ALKOXYARYLTRIFLUOROPERIODINANES. A “TAMED” ANALOG OF IODINE PENTAFLUORIDE FOR USE IN OXIDATIONS OF AMINES, ALCOHOLS, AND OTHER SPECIES
Authors: AMEY R. L. , MARTIN J. C.
Published: April 2016

Umsetzung des Iodalkohols (I) mit einem Überschuß Trifluormethylhypo ‐ fluorit (toxisches Material, das in oxidablen Lösungsmitteln zu Explosionen führt) in Freon‐113 bei ‐20°C liefert das Periodinan (II), das alternativ aus dem Chloriodinan (III) synthetisiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: Onium Ions. Part 20. Ambident Reactivity of the Nitronium Ion. Nitration vs. Oxidation of Heteroorganic (S, Se, P, As, Sb) Compounds. Preparation and NMR Spectroscopic(13C, 15N, 31P) Study of Nitro and Nitrito Onium Ions.
Authors: OLAH G. A. , GUPTA B. G. B. , NARANG S. C.
Published: April 2016

Unter milden Bedingungen sowie Luft‐ und Feuchtigkeitsausschluß liefert das Sulfid (Ia) mit Nitroniumhexafluorophosphat überwiegend das Sulfoxid (IIa) neben wenig o‐ oder p‐Nitrophenylsulfid (IIIa).
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATION OF 3α,5α‐CYCLOCHOLESTAN‐6β‐YL ETHERS BY RUTHENIUM TETROXIDE
Authors: RODEWALD W. J. , MORZYCKI J. W.
Published: April 2016

Die Oxidation der Ether (Ia) bzw. (Ib) mit RuO4 liefert die entsprechenden Ester (IIa) bzw. (IIb) und das Keton (III).
ChemInform Abstract: CARBONYLATION OF ORGANOBORANES IN THE PRESENCE OF POTASSIUM TRIISOPROPOXYBOROHYDRIDE; A SUPERIOR REAGENT FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF ALDEHYDES OR PRIMARY ALCOHOLS FROM ALKENES VIA HYDROBORATION‐CARBONYLATION
Authors: BROWN H. C. , HUBBARD J. L. , SMITH K.
Published: April 2016

9‐Borabicyclo(3.3.l)nonan (I) wird an Olefine zu 9‐Alkyl‐9‐borabicyclononanen (II) addiert, die mit Kalium‐triisopropoxy‐borhydrid (III) und Kohlenmonoxid unter Einschiebung die Salze (IV) ergeben.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF ALLENES FROM ELECTROPHILIC ACETYLENES VIA NEW ALLENE‐MANGANESE COMPLEXES
Authors: FRANCK‐NEUMANN M. , BRION F.
Published: April 2016

Beim Bestrahlen von Tricarbonyl(methylcyclopentadienyl)‐mangan (I) in THF bildet sich der Komplex (II), der mit dem Eninester (III) selektiv zu dem Komplex (IV) reagiert; dieser gibt bei Belichtung in Essigsäure über das Isomerisierungsprodukt (V) das Isopropen‐Derivat (VI); die Umlagerung von (IV)‐(V) ist formal eine [1,5 ]‐ Wasserstoff‐Verschiebung.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF Z‐α,β‐UNSATURATED ALDEHYDES
Authors: BESTMANN H. J. , ROTH K. , ETTLINGER M.
Published: April 2016

Umsetzung des Phosphorans (I) mit Ethylbromid führt zum Phosphoniumsalz (II), das entweder mit Natrium‐ ethylat oder mit Natriumamid über das Allenylid (IV) (höhere Ausb.) das Ylid (III) bildet.
ChemInform Abstract: SULFOSILYLATION OF CARBONYL COMPOUNDS AND A SIMPLE SYNTHESIS OF SULFUR TRIOXIDE‐1,4‐DIOXANE AND ‐PYRIDINE ADDUCTS
Authors: HOFMANN K. , SIMCHEN G.
Published: April 2016

Dioxan (I) und Pyridin (IV) werden mit Chloroschwefelsäure‐trimethylsilylester (II) bei 0°C in die Addukte (III) bzw. (V) übergeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOADDITIONS. XXVII. CYCLOADDITION OF DICHLOROKETENE TO ACETYLENES. A SYNTHESIS OF CYCLOBUTENONES
Authors: HASSNER A. , DILLON J.
Published: April 2016

Dichlorketen, hergestellt aus Trichloracetylchlorid ( II) und aktiviertem Zink in Gegenwart von Phosphoroxychlorid, bildet mit Alkinen (I) Dichlorcyclobutenone (III), von denen (IIIa) mit Zink in Essigsäure zum Cyclobutenon (IV) dechloriert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: CATALYIC SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTITUTED CYCLOPENTENES
Authors: GRIGG R. , MITCHELL T. R. B. , RAMASUBBU A.
Published: April 2016

In Gegenwart katalytischer Mengen Palladiumacetat cyclisieren die substituierten Diene (I) in siedendem Trichlormethan zu den Cyclopentenen (II).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF DI(BROMOMAGNESIO)ALKANES WITH LACTONES
Authors: CANONNE P. , FOSCOLOS G. , LEMAY G.
Published: April 2016

Die Umsetzung der Lactone (II) mit der Bisgrignardverbindung (I) ergibt die Diole (III).
ChemInform Abstract: VILSMEIER REACTION WITH DIMEDONE
Authors: PULST M. , HOLLBORN B. , WEISSENFELS M.
Published: April 2016

Dimedon (I) liefert unter den Bedingungen einer Vilsmeier‐Reaktion das vinyloge Säurechlorid (II), den Aldehyd (III) und Dialdehyd (IV) in etwa gleicher Ausbeute.
ChemInform Abstract: PERHYDROAZULENES. 2. THE 2‐TERT‐BUTYLPERHYDROAZULEN‐4‐ONE SYSTEM
Authors: HOUSE H. O. , YAU C. C. , VANDERVEER D.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem 4‐tert.‐Butyl‐1miethyl‐1‐cyclohexen (I) erhält man bei der Ozonolyse das Aldehydketon (II), das alkalisch zu den isomeren Cyclopentenen (III) und (IV) cyclisiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: A NOVEL GRIGNARD SYNTHESIS OF PRIMARY AMINES
Authors: ZWIERZAK A. , SLUSARSKA E.
Published: April 2016

Diphenylphosphinamid (I) bildet mit Orthoameisensäureester (II) den Formiminoester (III), der mit Grignardverbindungen (IV) unter Addition und Substitution die Phosphinamide (V) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: A CONVENIENT ONE‐POT TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF (.+‐.)‐β‐CURCUMENE BY A CONSECUTIVE ALKYLATION‐MULTISTEP REDUCTION SEQUENCE
Authors: ZILENOVSKI J. S. R. , HALL S. S.
Published: April 2016

p‐Tolyllithium (II) wird an 6‐Methylheptadienon (I) zum Carbinol (III) addiert, das sogleich mit Lithium in Ammoniak und Ethanol zum (+/‐)‐β‐Curcumen (IV) reduziert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐POLYFLUOROALKYLBENZYLDICHLOROPHOSPHATES AS ALKYLATING AGENTS IN THE ALKYLATION OF POLYFLUORINATED ALCOHOLS
Authors: ZAKHAROV L. S. , GORYUNOV E. I. , SVOREN' V. A. , SHCHERBINA T. M. , KABACHNIK M. I.
Published: April 2016

Erhitzt man das Gemisch eines primären polyfluorierten Alkohols wie 1,1,7‐Trihydro‐perfluorheptanol (I) und α‐Trifluormethyl‐benzyl‐dichlorphosphat (II) 1 Std. auf 160°C, so erhält man den Ether (III).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF α‐C‐NITROHYDRAZONES. 2. REACTION OF HYDRAZINES WITH TRINITROMETHYL COMPONENTS
Authors: SHVARTS I. SH. , KRAYUSHKIN M. M. , SEVOST'YANOVA V. V. , YAROVENKO V. N.
Published: April 2016

1,1‐Disubstituierte Hydrazine (I) reagieren mit den Trinitromethyl‐Derivaten (II) in den verschiedensten Lösungsmitteln wie Ether, Methanol, Tetrahydrofuran oder Dioxan zu den C‐Nitrohydrazonen (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON SELECTIVE PREPARATION OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDS. 20. SELECTIVE PREPARATION OF 2‐MONO‐ AND 2,2′‐DISUBSTITUTED BIPHENYL USING THE TERT‐BUTYL GROUP AS A POSITIONAL PROTECTIVE GROUP
Authors: TASHIRO M. , YAMATO T.
Published: April 2016

Zur Herstellung definierter Biphenyl‐Derivate wird die tert.‐Butylgruppe über eine trans‐Alkylierung mit 2,6‐Di‐tert.‐butyl‐p‐kresol (I) eingeführt und anschließend durch eine Trans‐Alkylierung in Gegenwart von Benzol als tert.‐Butyl‐benzol (V) wieder eliminiert.