bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data Preprocessing: A Step-by-Step Guide for Clean and Usable Data
Authors: Singh Neelam , Gaur Brijesh
Published: March 2024

Data preprocessing is an crucial phase within the records evaluation pipeline, pivotal in ensuring that uncooked statistics may be efficiently utilized to extract meaningful insights. This evaluates paper offers a complete manual to the intricate process of statistics preprocessing, providing a step-by using-step assessment of essential strategies and best practices for refining uncooked records into smooth and usable datasets. The paper encompasses diverse facts preprocessing obligations, including records cleaning, lacking price imputation, function engineering, and outlier detection, underscoring their important position in improving statistics great. Drawing from the modern studies and sensible tips, this review equips facts analysts and scientistswith the expertise and gear needed to bolster information reliability and relevance in a mess of programs.
Assessing the Efficacy of Pressure Algometry in Lower Back Pain: A Comparative Study of Muscle Energy Technique and Dry Needling on Active Trigger Points of Quadratus Lumborum
Authors: Ahmed Komal , Hussain Ghazal , Khan Hafsa , Zahid Hamna , Batool Amena
Published: March 2024

Background: The prevalence of chronic lower back pain has serious repercussions for the working population. Myofascial trigger points in the quadratus lumborum muscle are a substantial but sometimes ignored contributor to this pain. These trigger points form as a result of changing or increased muscle demands, acute or long-term strains on the lower back muscles, and so forth. Hyperirritable foci inside tense regions of hypertonic muscle tissue are what distinguish them. The well accepted manual therapy techniques such as dry needling and muscle energy method are used to deactivate trigger points and restore muscular balance to address this issue.
Objective: To determine the effects of muscle energy technique and dry needling of active trigger points of quadratus lumborum in lower back pain
Methods: There was a randomised controlled study. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 24 subjects were chosen, divided into groups A and B. Digital algometer was used to measure the sensitivity of the trigger points. Group B underwent dry needling while Group A received the Muscle Energy Technique. Each patient received two sessions every week for three weeks. After the first, third, and sixth therapy sessions, the two groups were evaluated. Data was examined using SPSS version 21.
Results: Findings revealed that differences between two groups were statistically significant (p <0.05) and also statistically significant difference were observed within group analysis (p< 0.05) with respect to pain pressure threshold.
Conclusion: The study concluded that both Dry Needling and Muscle Energy Technique on trigger points were equally effective in increase pain pressure threshold in lower back pain.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Renal Artery Resistive Index in Diagnosing Obstructive Uropathy
Authors: Shahzad Ghazala , Raj Ekta , Kumar Kelash , Shaikh Aashfa Hassan , Abbasi Pirah , Kumar Mahesh , Laghari Murtaza Ali
Published: March 2024

Background: Obstructive uropathy, a common cause of acute and chronic kidney disease, poses diagnostic challenges, particularly when non-invasive methods are preferred to reduce patient exposure to ionizing radiation from CT scans. The renal artery resistive index (RI) measured by Doppler ultrasound presents a potential non-invasive diagnostic tool, yet its accuracy and utility in clinical practice require further elucidation.
Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of the renal artery resistive index (RI) as measured by Doppler ultrasound in identifying obstructive uropathy, using CT scans as the gold standard for comparison.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 201 patients presenting with symptoms indicative of obstructive uropathy at a tertiary care hospital. Participants underwent both Doppler ultrasound to measure the renal artery RI and non-contrast CT scans of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB). The diagnostic performance of the RI was evaluated in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and overall accuracy, with CT scan findings serving as the benchmark.
Results: The study cohort had a mean age of 43.02±15.62 years, with a male predominance (64.7%). The renal artery RI demonstrated a sensitivity of 81.13%, specificity of 85.81%, PPV of 67.19%, NPV of 92.70%, and an overall accuracy of 84.58% in diagnosing obstructive uropathy. Calculi were more frequently located in the right urinary tract (54.2%) than the left (45.8%), with the majority being smaller than 1 cm (79.1%).
Conclusion: The renal artery resistive index (RI) measured by Doppler ultrasound is a highly accurate diagnostic tool for detecting obstructive uropathy, offering a viable, non-invasive alternative to CT scans. This method could significantly reduce unnecessary radiation exposure in patients, aligning with current healthcare priorities for safety and efficiency.
Frequency of Small Bowel Perforation among Neonates Presented with Pneumoperitoneum: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Shah Said Ali , Ali Niaz , Ali Sardar , Ibrahim Mohammad Salman
Published: March 2024

Background: Neonatal pneumoperitoneum, characterized by the presence of free gas within the peritoneal cavity, is a critical condition often signaling intestinal perforation. While necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) has been predominantly associated with this condition, various other etiologies contributing to neonatal intestinal perforations necessitate further exploration. The management of such conditions, particularly in resource-limited settings, remains a challenge, often resulting in significant morbidity and mortality.
Objective: This study aims to investigate the frequency of small bowel perforation among neonates presenting with pneumoperitoneum and to examine the association between neonatal weight and the occurrence of small bowel perforation.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from July 2023 to December 2023. Seventy neonates aged 5 to 25 days presenting with radiological evidence of pneumoperitoneum were included. Demographic details were collected, and the infants underwent primary peritoneal drainage followed by exploratory laparotomy if necessary. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, employing Chi-Square tests for categorical variables, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.
Results: Of the 70 neonates, 20 (28.6%) were diagnosed with small bowel perforation. A significant association was found between small bowel perforation and neonatal weight; 13 (65%) of the perforation cases were among neonates weighing less than 2.5 kg (p = 0.0001). The overall mortality rate observed was 35%, with 20 neonates succumbing shortly after peritoneal drain insertion due to sepsis.
Conclusion: Small bowel perforation is a significant complication in neonates with pneumoperitoneum, with a higher incidence observed in those with lower birth weights. This study highlights the critical need for immediate diagnosis and intervention in such cases, particularly in under-resourced settings, to improve outcomes.
Freeboard and Trim Measurement: a Case Study of Landing Craft Tank Conversion to Ship Power Plan
Authors: Suardi Suardi , Setiawan Wira , Nurcholiq Samsu Dlukha , Alamsyah Alamsyah , Arifuddin Andi Mursid Nugraha , Wulandari Amalia Ika , Pawara Muhammad Uswah
Published: March 2024

In this research, the ship power plan which is the result of a conversion from a landing craft tank is designed to meet the electricity needs in areas affected by a disaster or electricity crisis. So far, the government has chartered a similar ship from Turkey which is used to meet electricity needs in Indonesian areas which have been affected by the disaster and electricity crisis. This ship is modified to carry an electric generator which can later be sent to areas that need it. Two main focuses are the goal of this research, the first is to find the value of the freeboard and the second is the trim of the ship after the redesign. To achieve this goal, in this study a numerical calculation method was used to calculate the freeboard and trim values according to applicable standards. The results of the analysis show that the freeboard value is still safe, with the actual freeboard value being greater than the required freeboard (0.8 m > 0.44 m). For ship trim, the bow trim condition is obtained with a smaller LCG-LCB difference than the 0.05% LPP value (0.912 < 0.923). By looking at the results of these measurements, the condition of the ship's freeboard and trim is still in a fairly good category even though it has been converted from a landing craft tank to a ship power plant. This study can provide a reference for ship design before converting the actual ship so that it can carry out trim and freeboard tests to prevent build failures.
ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY AT THE MUARA ANGKE PASSENGER PORT AS A MEANS OF SUPPORTING THOUSAND ISLAND TOURISM
Authors: Fadillah Arif , Maulana Fuad
Published: March 2024

Kepulauan seribu are also a frequently visited destination for domestic and foreign tourists and are among the priority destinations in Indonesia. The development of the passenger port in Muara Angke is an important step in supporting the tourism sector in Kepulauan Seribu. However, this development must also consider environmental impacts, including carbon emissions and the use of natural resources. Indonesia has taken steps towards developing renewable energy and policies that support it by implementing renewable energy at the Muara Angke Passenger Port will be in line with government initiatives to achieve energy targets national renewable. The method used is primary data, secondary data, by calculating the need for solar panels and wind turbines and collecting supporting data sourced from related websites. The results are 324 solar panels placed on the roof of the main building of the port where the wind turbine is placed on the west side. with a total of 6 units, on the east side of the port there are 6 units and on the south side of the port there are 4 wind turbine units
THE USE OF REMOTE SENSING IN MAPPING THE DISTRIBUTION OF CHLOROPHYL IN BELAWAN WATERS
Authors: Alaudin Alaudin , Zakiya Iksan , Burhanis Burhanis , Munandar Roni Arif , Kadhafi Muammar
Published: March 2024

Chlorophyll-a is one of the important water quality parameters in the sea. This research was conducted in April 2022 in the Belawan Waters of North Sumatra Province with the aim of knowing the level of chlorophyll-a concentration in these waters. The method used is survey and extraction of Aqua MODIS satellite image data into ASCII data and image data using the seaDAS application. The value of chlorifyll-a concentration obtained in Belawan waters is 3.35-5.91 mg / m³ and has an average value of about 4.65 mg / m³. Belawan waters in April 2022 experienced high chlorophyll-a concentrations.
Vicente Basadre y la fundación de la primera empresa peletera española de las Californias (1784-1789)
Authors: Souto Mantecón Matilde
Published: March 2024

Estudio dedicado a la primera empresa peletera que se intentó establecer en el virreinato de Nueva España para llevar a Cantón pieles de nutrias marinas cazadas en las Californias y cambiarlas por mercurio chino. La empresa fue ideada por Vicente Basadre y pretendió utilizar la infraestructura marítima y comercial española que existía en el Pacífico, lo cual generó una competencia entre las autoridades filipinas y el propio Basadre que entorpeció y al fin detuvo este primer proyecto.
Una ventana de oportunidad: el rol de las independencias en el comercio hispanoamericano en Calcuta, 1795–1840
Authors: Canals Cifuentes Mauricio
Published: March 2024

Con las independencias de sus colonias, el peso español pierde importancia comercial en Asia; no obstante, se ha señalado que los nacientes estados se integraron a nuevos mercados a pesar de lo anterior. El análisis de la importación de pesos y el comercio directo en los reportes comerciales de la East India Company en Calcuta muestran que las independencias abrieron una ventana de oportunidad. El intercambio fue brevemente alto, complementado con una fuga monetaria de similares proporciones que habría beneficiado a comerciantes en India.
Analysis of Industrial Sector Competitiveness of Pakistan: An Application of Panzar-Rosse (PR-H) Statistic
Authors: Sohail Muhammad , Idrees Muhammad , Tariq Majeed Muhammad
Published: March 2024

This study utilizes the Panzar-Rosse (1978) PR-H Statistics framework to examine the competitiveness of Pakistan's industrial sector. Leveraging data from the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) covering the period from 2007 to 2020 and focusing on insights from the 200 largest listed companies, our study sheds light on the complex market dynamics and competitive forces at play in the sector. By applying the Panzar-Rosse PH Statistic, we aim to demonstrate the presence of a competitive market structure that helps mitigate monopolistic tendencies. Our analysis, while managing endogeneity and employing the Generalized Method of Moments, reveals that the industrial sector in Pakistan is characterized by significant market dynamics that influence business behavior and performance. Despite this, the results of the PR-H Statistics suggest a relatively competitive market environment prevailing in Pakistan's industrial sector. However, there are indications of non-competitive behaviors attributed to weak institutional quality and the overall economic conditions of the country. Additionally, tendencies of weak and imperfect market structures are prevalent, compounded by undocumented and informal economic activities. Through this investigation, we aim to deepen understanding of the competitive landscape in Pakistan's industrial sector and its implications for industrial agents. By highlighting the challenges posed by non-competitive behaviors and weak market structures, our study offers valuable insights into the broader economic ecosystem of Pakistan.
Workplace incivility among hospitals in Jolo: nurses perspectives
Authors: Aglosolos Alizhar , Daud Frissida , Asiri Masnona
Published: March 2024

This study looked at nurses' perceptions of workplace rudeness in Jolo hospitals throughout the 2023 fiscal year. The research used statistical analysis procedures such weighted mean, standard deviation, t-test, One-way ANOVA, and Pearson's r, using a non-probability sampling method with 100 nurse responders. The following are the conclusions: 1) The bulk of nurse responders were unmarried females 26 years of age and older who were employed as staff nurses with a bachelor's degree under contract or job order; 2) In terms of workplace incivility, nurse respondents disagreed that forms like inappropriate jokes, hostility and rudeness, inconsiderate behavior, gossip and rumors, and free-riding were common; 3) Nurse respondents disagreed with the occurrence of supervisor, physician, and patient/visitor incivility in Jolo hospitals on average; The study supports Betty Neuman's System Model (1982), which emphasizes that people are unique, composed of various factors, and respond to stressors within a specific range. 4) Profile variables, such as age, gender, civil status, employment status, and educational attainment, did not significantly influence nurse-respondents’ assessments of workplace incivility in Jolo hospitals. 5) In general, nurse-respondents who disagreed with the extent of sources of workplace incivility were probably the same group that disagreed with the extent of forms of workplace incivility in Jolo hospitals. Stressors can affect a system both inside and outside the client system boundaries. They can come from internal, external, or manufactured environments.
The Deissmann Ostraca after 75 Years in Sydney
Authors: Gerber Albrecht
Published: March 2024

This paper has two main parts. It begins with the first detailed account of how a collection of 87 Greek ostraca (i.e. inscribed pottery fragments), once belonging to the German theologian Gustav Adolf Deissmann, a leading Greek philologist, came to Sydney. The collection was destined to go elsewhere – were it not for the serendipitous convergence of Deissmann’s forced retirement under the Nazis, a much travelled German Egyptologist, an ailing Scottish theology professor, and the staunchly Presbyterian director of the Bank of New South Wales. The second part introduces the collection as a whole, before focusing more specifically on four selected exemplars. Two, whose writings have faded away almost completely since coming to Sydney, and two (representing the majority) which remain in good condition. Remarkably, most of the Deissmann ostraca have not yet been analysed comprehensively from a socio-historical perspective. Despite Paul Meyer’s philological publication of the collection in 1916, many questions remain either unasked or unanswered, leaving the potential for further research and study.
Earthquakes and the Crises of Faith: Social Transformation in Late Antique Cyprus
Authors: Davies Thomas W.
Published: March 2024

The fourth century AD marked a watershed change for the development of Cyprus cultural identity. Transformed by external factors, the Cyprus that emerged by AD 400 is recognizably the forerunner of modern Cyprus. A series of earthquakes during the course of that century caused both the traditional pagan religions and the newly visible and vibrant Christianity to undergo crises of faith. The Cypriot pagan response is to reject the temple cult and turn inward following neo-Platonic teachings before quietly fading away. This is inferred from surviving mosaic floors. The Christian response is expressed in a massive campaign of church construction. The theological framework for this expansion is an understanding of the Providence of God as mercy and judgment inseparably together which forms the foundation for the Cypriot church.
Fragment of an Old-South-Arabian Dedicatory Stela IA17.127
Authors: Kitchen Kenneth A.
Published: March 2024

The paper identifies object IA17.127 as a fragment of an Old-South-Arabian stela from Qataban (east of Saba/Sheba), of 1st centuries BC/AD, recording a family’s offering to the deity Anbay; only the top right-hand section survives.
Gustaf Adolf Deissmann (1866-1937): trailblazer in biblical studies, in the archaeology of Ephesus, and in international reconciliation
Authors: Gerber Albrecht
Published: March 2024

Whether in philology, lexicography, archaeology, or international reconciliation, the German theologian Gustav Adolf Deissmann was an intellectual force to be reckoned with. As New Testament Professor at Heidelberg (1897-1908) – where he produced most of his Greek linguistic works – he became the ‘Father of New Testament Philology’ and was the first one to prove the Greek Bible’s vernacular Koine, by comparing its language with that in the papyri and inscriptions. He is best known for his most frequently quoted book Light from the Ancient East. As New Testament Professor at Berlin (1908-35), he produced the internationally influential semi-political communiqués Protestant Weekly Letter (1914-17) and Evangelischer Wochenbrief (1914-21), which indirectly led to his successful rescue operation for the then rapidly vanishing ancient city of Ephesus, and also helped to establish him as a leading member of the post WW1 ecumenical and international reconciliation movement. Deissmann was the recipient of eight honorary doctorates – Marburg, Aberdeen, St Andrews, Manchester, Wooster, Oxford, Uppsala and Athens – and was twice nominated for the Nobel Peace Price.
One hundred years of the Loeb Classical Library
Authors: Horsley G.H.R.
Published: March 2024

2011 marks the centenary of the Loeb Classical Library. Founded in 1911 by James Loeb, the series has been served by seven editors and two publishers. More than 500 volumes have appeared and remain in print. The paper offers an assessment of the series’ achievement, and notes both innovations it introduced as well as shifts in emphasis over time. Its influence on a number of other publishing enterprises also receives mention.
The Conservation of a Mummified Child from the Australian Institute of Archaeology
Authors: Jones-Amin Holly , Mucic Marica
Published: March 2024

The paper discusses a child mummy’s past restoration, pre-treatment condition, and the minimally invasive conservation interventions undertaken. The mummy was purchased in 1965 by the Australian Institute of Archaeology and has been displayed and stored since that time. Conservation was made possible by a grant. Images taken soon after the mummy arrived in Australia guided some conservation decisions. Analytical methods used to identify materials associated with previous restorations and the mummy’s deteriorating condition included Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy fluorescence and Reflectance Transformation Imaging.
The influence of surface topography and microstructure of zirconia on initial bacterial adhesion of streptococcus mutans– in vitro study
Authors: Bislimi Fuat , Kapushevska Biljana , Asani-Gashi Nora , Asani Arben , Aleksovska Andrea , Vojnika Drita
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research in this paper is to study the physical and chemical characteristics of the surfaces and the topography of the surfaces of zirconium materials used for the processing of fixed prosthetic works and their influence on the surface adhesion of Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The samples used for examination are produced from zircon material, they are divided into two groups, the first group after sintering are polished without glaze, while the second group, after sintering, are covered with a layer of glaze. For the realization of the experimental part of this research, the following methods and analyzes were used: surface roughness measurement (SR), contact angle measurement, surface free energy determination (SFE), biofilm formation and preparation for scanning with a microscope electronic (SEM) Specimens produced from zirconia, polished but unglazed showed higher contact angle values 90.340, while glazed samples showed lower values than unglazed ones 61.640, Surface free energy measurements of zirconia samples polished without glaze showed significantly lower values (24.31mJ/m2 ) compared to the values obtained in the zircon samples covered with glaze (40.66mJ/m2 ), The surface roughness values are higher in unglazed zirconia samples and is 0.65μm, while in the polished and glazed zirconia samples, the roughness of the surfaces is less 0.29μm, SEM analysis results show that the smallest number of attached bacteria is found on the surfaces of samples with unglazed zircon (8 bacteria), while in samples with zircon covered with glaze, a much larger number of bacteria (26 bacteria) were found on their surfaces. The roughness of the surfaces was shown to have no effect on the bacterial surface adhesion of these samples.
TEORI-TEORI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM PENDEKATAN NORMATIVE DOKTRINER, FILOSOFIS, SOSIOLOGIS, ANTROPOLOGIS, PSIKOLOGIS, DAN HISTORIS
Authors: Rabi'ah Rabi'ah
Published: March 2024

This study aims to understand the various perspectives in Islamic education theories through doctrinal-normative, philosophical, sociological, anthropological, psychological, and historical approaches. Utilizing qualitative content analysis methods, this research examines the depth of Islamic education theory based on primary sources such as the Qur'an and Hadith, as well as their interpretations and implementations in the context of contemporary education. From a philosophical approach, this study investigates educational principles aimed at stimulating human intellectual and spiritual capabilities. Meanwhile, the sociological approach discusses the interaction of Islamic education with social dynamics, the anthropological approach focuses on cultural aspects, the psychological approach explores the development of personality and emotions, and the historical approach examines the evolution of educational practices in Islamic history. The findings of this study provide a multidimensional understanding of Islamic education that can serve as a reference for the development of curricula and teaching methods that align with Islamic values and the needs of modern society. The development of Islamic education theories should be holistic or comprehensive in order to educate human resources that are of high quality both scientifically and in terms of personality, as well as to promote a good quality of social life.
KOMITMEN KEAGAMAAN KOMUNITAS MUSLIM TIONGHOA: STUDI KASUS PADA LEMBAGA PERSATUAN ISLAM TIONGHOA INDONESIA KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Rozi Fahrur
Published: March 2024

This study aims to explore the religious cases in PITI Surabaya from two different perspectives related to religious motives. According to the perspective of the facilitator, the majority of the Chinese Muslim community enter and learn Islam because of marriage and personal interests, while the perspective of the congregation shows that they embrace Islam out of self-awareness and repentance. The researcher uses the religious of commitment theory approach through five dimensions to formulate research problems and uses qualitative research methods with an intrinsic case study approach. The results of the study show that the Chinese Muslim community has a deep understanding of religion in terms of doctrine and textual, applying their religious understanding by actively attending mentoring classes, and having a high religious commitment with the effect of changes in their behavior and participation in religious activities at the PITI institution. In addition, the study also examines the religious contributions of the Chinese Muslim community to the surrounding community and the impact of the changes they experience after embracing Islam.
STUDI ISLAM MELALUI PENDEKATAN FENOMENOLOGI (TELAAH PEMIKIRAN ANNEMARIE SCHIMMEL)
Authors: Mahridawati Mahridawati
Published: March 2024

The approach to studying Islam by Charles J. Adams is divided into two main things, namely the normative or religious approach and the descriptive approach. The normative approach is an approach that is based on religious commitment, and still includes the subjective objectives of the reviewer and of course the results of the study will tend to be more subjective. The phenomenological approach that Schimmel applies in Islamic studies is a phenomenological approach that he knew from Friedrich Heiler. Implementation of this approach through systematic steps (techniques), namely examining first the phenomenon (the world of external manifestations of Islam) and then the deeper and deeper layers of human responses to God (the world of religious imagination and experience), to reach the deepest sacred essence of each religion, the center, the God, the Deus Absconditus (objective world of religion) and Schimmel has implemented it well through the intended steps.
Effects of Poultry Manure Fertilization and Weed Control Method on Leaf Chlorophyll and Other Indices of Three Maize (Zea mays) Cultivars in Kano Sudan Savanna, Nigeria
Authors: Garko M S , Yawale M A , Mohammed I B , Yahaya S U , Ishaya D B , Mahadi M A
Published: March 2024

The present study was conducted in 2016 and 2017 rainy seasons to determine the responses of poultry manure (PM) on chlorophyll and other indicates in three maize cultivars, a split-split plot design with three replications was used. The experiment consists of SAMMAZ 15, 21, and 35 in the main plot, PM (0, 4, 8 and NPK) in sub-plot and weed control method (S-Metolachlor + Atrazine at 2.0kg a.i. ha-1 fb Nicosulfuron at 100 g a.i. ha-1, S-Metolachlor + Atrazine at 2.0kg a.i. ha-1 fb Bentazone at 2.5kg a.i. ha-1, Metolachlor + Terbuthylazine + Mesotrione at 2.5kg a.i ha-1 fb Nicosulfuron at 100g a.i. ha-1, Metolachlor + Terbuthylazine + Mesotrione at 2.5kg a.i ha-1 fb Bentazone at 2.5kg a.i. ha-1, two hoe weeded at 3, and 6 WAS and Weedy check) in sub-sub plots. Results showed that effective weed control method and PM/NPK significantly increased all indices. The Interaction of variety and poultry manure indicate that SAMMAZ 21 and 35 had the highest value of higher chlorophyll, dry matter and grain yield using NPK or 8 tha-1 PM. Thus, it can be suggested that planting SAMMAZ 21 or 35 with 8 tha-1PM or NPK using Metolachlor + Terbuthylazine + Mesotrione at 2.5 kg a.i ha-1 fb Bentazone at 2.5 kg a.i. ha-1 improve maize production.
Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance estimation of highland adapted maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes in Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfaye Diribu , Abakemal Demissew , Habte Ermias
Published: March 2024

The improvements of maize hybrid rely on significant genetic variability among the parental lines used and the degree to which it is transferred to progeny. A total of fifty genotypes are being studied in this present investigation. They were used to assess genetic parameters in two representative highland maize-growing areas. For most traits, the level of genetic variation was greater than the corresponding environmental variance. The highest genotypic and phenotypic variances were found in thousand kernel weight, earand plant height, suggesting the effectiveness of genotype selection based on phenotypic performance of these traits. For all traits, the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was greater than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). The variations between the two components, on the other hand, were negligible. Grain yield, ear height, and ear aspect all had moderate GCV and PCV values. Plant feature, number of ears per plant and thousand kernels weight on the other hand, all had a mild phenotypic coefficient of variation. The other traits, on the other hand were classified as having low PCV values, implying that selection based on traits with low genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation of the genotypes tested would be less successful. Grain yield, ear height, and ear aspect all had high genetic advance as a percent of the mean, as well as high heritability, suggesting that additive gene action was more important in these traits. Selection for these traits will provide an opportunity to improve highland maize germplasm.
Comparative effects of urea, NPK and organomineral fertilizer on the growth and yield of rice in Ekpoma, Nigeria
Authors: Dania S O , Abhanzioya M I , Edukpe E U
Published: March 2024

Soil nutrients deficiencies result in poor growth and yield of crops. The application fertilizer was necessary to improve its nutrient contents. Two seasons experiment was conducted at two locations of the Ambrose Alli University Teaching and Research Farm, Ekpoma, Nigeria. It was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with seven treatments replicated thrice; treatments were: control, granular urea (GU), prilled urea (PU), full dose of PK+75 N through granular urea (GUPK), full dose of P&K+75% N prilled urea (PUPK), full dose of P&K+75% N through granular urea+25% N through Farmyard manure (FYM) (GUPK+FYM), and full dose of P&K+75% N through prilled urea+25% N through FYM (PUPK+FYM). FARO 59 variety of rice was planted, and data collected were statistically analyzed. The soil nutrients status were below a critical level and fertilizer application improves its fertility for increasing yield. The grain yield of rice obtained from GU application was higher than that of PU, but both were significantly higher than the control. GUPK and PUPK application significantly increased rice grain yield compared to GU and PU. Also, GUPK+FYM and PUPK+FYM application significantly increased the growth and grain yield of rice compared to other treatments, the grain yield obtained were 8.90 and 8.54 t ha-1, respectively. The nutrient uptake was increased significantly with the application of GUPK+FYM and PUPK+FYM compared to other treatments. In conclusion, the application of GUPK+FYM and PUPK+FYM significantly increased the growth, nutrient uptake and yield of rice.
Evaluation of crop wild relatives from Lahaul valley, Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Kumar Antul , Choudhary Anuj , Landol Stanzin , Kaur Harmanjot , Singh Navneet
Published: March 2024

Improving domesticated crops using wild relatives is a sustainable and cost-effective solution for human welfare problems. The study provides a promising source of accessed plants, explored during the survey in four different sites viz Kardang, Piyukar, Gumrang and Yurnath present in Keylong region, district Lahaul-Spiti, Himachal Pradesh. To observe the species abundance in different locations, present study was conducted in 2017 and 2018 within an elevation range above 3000m. Species richness and Shannon diversity value (0-4.5) was maximum observed in Piyukar village (2.35; 2. 43), followed by Gumrang (2.32; 2.32), Yurnath (2.26; 2.19) and Kardang (1.91; 2.01). The largest population density of species was recorded as E. semicostatus (34.40 plants/m2), E. repens (33.20 plants/m2), E. dahuricus (32.20 plants/m2), E. longiaristatus (20.00 plants/m2) and Poa annua (18.20 plants/m2). These regions are well known for medicinal properties, but numerous wild relatives for domesticated crops found during germplasm cum exploration survey such as wheat wild grass (Elymus semicostatus, E. repens and E. dahuricus), condiments (Carum carvi and Ferulajaes chkeana), tribal food (Chenopodium foliosum, Dioscora deltoidea and Hyppophea rhamnoides) and fruits (Ribes alpestris and Fragaria vesca). The study drew the attention of plant researchers toward conservation and kept these plants in the pipeline of crop breeding.
In vitro propagation of pharmaceutical and endangered medicinal plants- a mini review
Authors: Bharathi J Kanmani , Prakash M
Published: March 2024

Peoples and communities gain significantly from the use of medicinal herbs. The medicinal potential of these plants is related to the huge number of chemical compounds that have a specific physiological effect on the human body. Herbal drugs and phytonutrients, also known as nutraceuticals, are growing more popular around the world. The conventional strategy of propagation is the most popular and takes a very long time to multiply due to the low rate of fruit set, poor germination, and clonal homogeneity is not always preserved via seeds. Using optimal in vitro settings, elite plants may be rapidly multiplied to create pharmacognostic material delivering essential metabolites and also produce disease-free plants. This review summarises research on in vitro propagation methods established for medicinal plants, to use this technology to mass-produce medicinal plants that have been over-exploited.
Comparative Effects of Soil Nutrient Status and Texture on Mycorrhiza – Legume Base Cropping System in Two Soil Types of Nigeria
Authors: Stephen Dania , Fagbola O
Published: March 2024

Soil nutrients and texture determine the rate of response of crops to mycorrhizal colonization. A two-year field experiment was conducted to compare the effects of mycorrhiza – legume base cropping systems at Ekpoma and Uzeba, both in Edo State, Nigeria. The experiment was a factorial, fitted into a RCBD with three replicates. The treatments consist of two levels of mycorrhiza and three planting systems. The descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data, and the Duncan Multiple Range Test was used to separate means (p<0.05). Ekpoma soil is moderately suitable while Uzeba soils are low in nutrient with loamy sand and sand texture respectively. The interaction of the mycorrhiza with pigeon pea significantly (p<0.05) increased the soil nutrient and nitrogen fixation in Ekpoma compared to the Uzeba location. The growth and yield of maize in Ekpoma were significantly (p<0.05) higher compared to that of Uzeba with or without mycorrhiza inoculation, with an average yield of 2.24 t ha-1 in Ekpoma and 1.51 t ha-1 in Uzeba. The inoculation of Glomus clarum increased the grain yield of pigeon pea by 48 % and 37 % compared to non-mycorrhizal pigeon pea for both sole and intercrop in both locations. The residual effect of Glomus clarum and pigeon pea on maize yield was 53% higher in Ekpoma than found in Uzeba. The loamy sand texture of Ekpoma soil enhanced the efficiency of mycorrhiza utilisation compared to the sandy texture of Uzeba.
Microbial evaluation of cooked fufu sold in some major markets in Owo metropolis, Ondo state, Nigeria
Authors: Ogunoye Olalekan Ajibolade , Adesina Jacobs Mobolade , Ayodeji Maayo Seth , Johnson Tomiwa Ayobami , Bolarinwa Ayodeji Stephen , Okpewho Oghenetega Paul , Tomiye Goodluck Sunday
Published: March 2024

Fufu (Cassava dough-like food) is one of Nigeria's most consumed staple foods, particularly in the southern parts of the country. This study aims to detect and quantify the microorganisms in cooked fufu sold in major Owo, Ondo State marketplaces. Freshly cooked fufu samples of about 50/gram wrapped in nylon were aseptically collected from sellers in three major Owo markets and transported to the Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA) Crop, Soil, and Pest Management Department lab for analysis. For bacteria, Nutrient Agar (NA) plates were incubated at 37+2ºC for 24 hours, whereas PDA plates for yeast and mould were incubated at 27+2ºC for 48 hours. Count and record the colonies generating spores (cfu/g) from viable bacterium cells and fungal spores per gram of each fufu sample after incubation. Purified cultures of each isolate were obtained through subcultures and stored at 4 ºC for biochemical testing. Cooked fufu samples found mostly lactic acid bacteria like Lactobacillus plantarum, L. fermentum, L. brevis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Streptococcus thermophiles, S. mutans, Pediococcus cerevisiae, Staphylococcus hominis, Bacillus pumilus, acidophilus, L. lactis, Micrococcus spp., B. subtilis, Diplococcus spp, S. epidermidis, and Bifidobacterium and two yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Zygosaccharomyces spp. Some main markets in Owo metropolis sold cooked fufu samples with bacterial loads ranging from 0.2 to 2.3 × 107 CFU/g, and yeast loads from 1.6 to 4.55 × 107 CFU/g. Good hygiene can increase the safety and quality of cooked fufu sold at Owo main markets and lower the danger of food-borne illnesses.
Effect of seasonal changes on the herbage composition of Stylosanthes hamata Taub cv. Verano and Centrosema pascuorum Mart. Ex. Benth in the Nigerian sub-humid zone
Authors: Omoregie A U , Nwajei S E
Published: March 2024

The study conducted in the Nigerian sub-humid zone aimed to investigate the impact of seasonal changes on the crude protein and mineral composition of verano stylo and centro, two types of forages. Plant samples were collected from September in the establishment year (wet season) through July in the succeeding year (dry season) for analysis. The findings revealed that the herbage had the highest crude protein (CP) and mineral contents during the wet season compared to the dry season. Specifically, centro exhibited a more significant difference in CP content between seasons, being lower than that of verano during the dry season. Phosphorus (P) concentration showed no significant difference during the dry season, but Centro had considerably higher P levels during the rainy season. The study noted variability in micronutrient content in the forages across seasons. Crude protein, phosphorus, and copper were identified as the most limiting nutrients, particularly in the dry season, based on recommended critical level requirements. This implies that feed supplementation would be necessary to address these nutrient limitations and improve animal production in the zone, especially during the dry season. In summary, the study highlights the seasonal variations in herbage composition, emphasizing the importance of understanding nutrient content fluctuations for effective livestock management in the Nigerian sub-humid zone. It suggests that implementing feed supplementation strategies, particularly addressing the limitations in crude protein, phosphorus, and copper, could contribute to enhanced animal production, particularly during the dry season.
Evaluation of antioxidant and bioactive phytochemical properties of Achyranthes aspera L.
Authors: Banso A , Dachi S , Ajewole A E , Etsu-Musa N , Ajayi M A
Published: March 2024

Archeranthes aspera, a member of the Amaranthaceae family, is now widely distributed. This species has become invasive in Nigeria. Despite the natural antioxidant defense and repair mechanisms present in humans and other organisms, continuous exposure to free radicals inevitably causes biological harm that cannot be entirely mitigated. In a recent study, extracts of Achyranthes aspera were examined for their secondary metabolites, antioxidant properties, and antibacterial effects against several strains including Staphylococcus aureus (NCIB 8588), Bacillus cereus (NCIB 6349), Klebsiella pneumoniae (NCIB 418), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NCIB). Phytochemical analysis of the plant leaf revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, general glycosides, and terpenoids. Quantitative analysis of secondary metabolites showed that the plant extract contained 7.0 ± 2.5 mg/100g alkaloids, 11.5 ± 2.0 mg/100g tannins, 15.0 ± 3.1 mg/100g general glycosides, and 14.0 ± 1.5 mg/100g terpenoids. The investigation revealed that the concentration of leaf extract enhanced DPPH scavenging activity, albeit to a lesser extent than ascorbic acid. At concentrations of 50 and 100µg/ml, ascorbic acid exhibited scavenging activities of 22.66 ± 2.34% and 40.55 ± 1.55%, respectively, whereas Achyranthes aspera leaf extract displayed activities of 6.33 ± 2.04% and 11.65 ± 6.18%. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that the plant extract inhibited the growth of bacteria, rendering them vulnerable. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Achyranthes aspera ethanol leaf extract was found to be lowest against S. aureus and highest against B. cereus. These findings suggest that the ingredients present in the plant leaf extract hold promise for potential use in chemotherapy.
EFFECTS OF SUBSTITUTION OF WHEAT FLOUR WITH SANGYOD RICE FLOUR AND SUPPLEMENTED WITH CARROT POWDER ON COLOR AND SENSORY QUALITIES
Authors: Duangsuda Kanisa , Weenuttranon Jiraporn , Hirunyophat Patthama , Fuengkajornfung Nunyong , Sanphom Tidarat , Saeiam Kitsanatorn
Published: March 2024

The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of substitution of wheat flour with Sangyod rice (Oryza Sativa L.) flour and supplemented with carrot powder on color and sensory qualities of pasta product. Five pasta formulae were prepared by substituting wheat flour with 0% (control), 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% Sangyod brown rice flour and analyzing their quality attributes. The results of pasta formula development indicated that increasing the amount of Sangyod brown rice flour resulted in decreasing lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*), while the redness (a*). There, the appearance of products became darker. The scores of all sensory attributes significantly decreased (P<0.05) with an increase in the amount of Sangyod rice flour, whereas the odor and texture scores of pasta substituted with 25% Sangyod rice flour were higher than those of control (100% wheat flour), 50%, and 75%, respectively. The substitution of wheat flour with 25% Sangyod rice flour was found to be the most suitable ratio for pasta production. The effects of the addition with different levels of carrot powder (5, 10, 15, and 20%w/w) of pasta have been studied. An increase of the carrot powder decreased L* and a* value. The sensory evaluation indicated that all treatments obtained an overall liking score of 6.78-7.02 (like slightly-like moderately). The study suggested that the levels of 15% w/w carrot powder could be a desirable use to produce healthy. The developed pasta with an overall liking score of more than 7.00 was considered acceptable.
ACADEMIC ANXIETY OF CHINESE INTERDISCIPLINARY DOCTORAL STUDENTS IN THAILAND: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Wang Dong , Khan Muhammad Shahid
Published: March 2024

The study aims to make an exploration of the factors affecting anxiety among Chinese Interdisciplinary Doctoral students in Thailand. Qualitative pieces of evidence are collected to prove the factors affecting Academic Anxiety among Chinese Interdisciplinary Doctoral Students in Thailand. Nine doctoral students coming from China were selected to discuss the research topic in individual interviews. Based on the results of qualitative research, the author finds that Driving factors for interdisciplinary doctoral studies (DFF) is the moderator not only between Academic pressure (AP) and Academic Anxiety (AA) , but also between Difficulties of Academic Plus English (DAPE) and Academic Anxiety ( AA). I t is suggested to support the mental health of Chinese Interdisciplinary Doctoral Students, which may give them confidence in participating in research.
COMPETENCY PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE DESIGN, AND PUBLIC SPORTS SERVICE QUALITY: RURAL AREAS OF ZHUANG ETHNIC GROUPS IN CHINA
Authors: Shanshan Han , Phawitpiriyaklit Chaithanaskorn , Terasonr Sid
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to explore the improvement of the quality of public sports services in rural areas of China's Zhuang Ethnic Groups, as well as to cultivate multiple governance actors to enhance the quality and sustainability of public sports services, and to propose corresponding improvement measures. The study found that there are deficiencies in the quality of public sports services in rural areas of China, especially in the economically underdeveloped Zhuang Ethnic Groups. Therefore, this study examines how to improve the quality of public sports services and enhance their quality and sustainability by fostering multiple governance actors, using rural public sports services in the Zhuang Ethnic Groups of China as an example. The study shows that competence, public service delivery and service design have significant effects on the quality of public sport services. Competence positively affects public service delivery and public sport service quality, public service delivery positively affects public sport service quality, while service design also significantly affects public sport service quality. This study provides a theoretical framework and methodology for the improvement of public sport service quality. It enriches the theoretical system of public sport service quality improvement by revealing the effects of competence, public service delivery and service design on public sport service quality. It also provides government departments with specific strategies and measures to improve the quality of public sports services, which helps to enhance the quality and sustainability of public sports services.