bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La doble redacción en el Ars grammatica de Julián de Toledo
Authors: Carracedo-Fraga José
Published: June 2021

El Ars grammatica compuesta por Julián de Toledo probablemente entre los años 680-690 fue muy pronto objeto de varias modificaciones intencionadas en las dos ramas de transmisión textual de la obra. Las variaciones afectaron a la explicación de algunos contenidos, a la selección de ejemplos ilustrativos y a la utilización de citas de auctores. Los responsables de esas intervenciones trabajaban en alguna escuela visigótica muy próxima a la del propio Julián, ya que utilizaron los mismos materiales y siguieron el mismo estilo de redacción que el maestro toledano. Por lo tanto, las dos versiones derivan de forma más o menos directa de las enseñanzas de Julián.
Research Status and Prospect of Heavy Oil Recovery Technology
Authors: Zhao Yi , Zhao De Yin , Zhong Rong Qiang , Yao Li Rong , Li Ke Ke
Published: June 2021

With the continuous exploitation of most reservoirs in China, the proportion of heavy oil reservoirs increases, and the development difficulty is greater than that of conventional reservoirs. In view of the important subject of how to improve the recovery factor of heavy oil reservoir, the thermal recovery technology (hot water flooding, steam flooding, steam assisted gravity drainage SAGD and steam huff and puff) and cold recovery technology (chemical flooding, electromagnetic wave physical flooding and microbial flooding) used in the development of heavy oil reservoir are summarized. The principle of action is analyzed, and the main problems restricting heavy oil recovery are analyzed The main technologies of heavy oil recovery are introduced from the aspects of cold recovery and hot recovery. Based on the study of a large number of literatures, and according to the development trend of heavy oil development, suggestions and prospects for the future development direction are put forward.
Determination of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons Concentration in Coastal Seawater of Teluk Batik Beach, Perak, Malaysia
Authors: Sayed Khalid , Baloo Lavania , Yekeen Shamsudeen Temitope , Kankia Mubarak Usman , Jagaba Ahmad Hussaini
Published: June 2021

The study aims to determine Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) status in seawater from Teluk Batik beach seawater. In July 2018, fishing vessel sunk two nautical miles off Pematang Damar Laut, a coastal village within the town of George Town, Penang Malaysia, which also impacted the coastline of Perak State. Approximately six tons of diesel and hundreds of liters of fuel oil drifted from the Penang sea to the Perak coast. On further subsequent wave action the TPH concentrations in seawater fluctuated over time. In the coastal water of Teluk Batik Beach, Perak, Malaysia, grab samples were taken from surface seawater for determining the TPH concentrations in November and December 2019. The TPH in seawater was determined by the extractable solvent (Hexane) and the additional petroleum hydrocarbons by the Infrared (IR) method. The values of TPH ranged from 91 to 503 mg/L. Compared to the standards in Malaysian waters, the TPH levels found in this study were high, indicating serious pollution of TPH in the area under study.
Investigation of the Recyclability and Compostability of Biopolymers Contaminated by Petroleum-Based Polymers
Authors: Gere Dániel , Ronkay Ferenc , Czigány Tibor
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, we can choose a carrier bag made of traditional LDPE or a biodegradable polymer to pack vegetables, bakery products, and other products in more and more shops. However, the customers and the selective waste collection system are not yet prepared for the separate collection of compostable biopolymers. Therefore, they are mixed in the plastic waste stream. Therefore, the aim of the study was to analyze the mechanical and optical properties, and the compostability of different low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) compounds. We made different compounds from LDPE and PBAT by twin-screw extrusion and blown films from the regranulates. We investigated the tensile and optical properties and the biodegradability of the blown films. The tensile test showed that the "contaminants" had a more significant effect on elongation at break than tensile strength. We observed that the haze of the LDPE-based blends increased with an increasing weight fraction of PBAT. We found that PBAT-based samples were completely disintegrated in 42 days, regardless of the weight fraction of LDPE.
Synthesis and Triple Conductive Properties of Ba and Fe Co-Doped Sr2TiO4 Based Layered Perovskite: (BaxSr2-x) (Ti0.9Fe0.1)O4-δ (X= 0.05, 0.10)
Authors: Yagi Yutaro , Kagomiya Isao , Kakimoto Ken-ichi
Published: June 2021

This study investigated the effects of Ba substitution on protonic conductive properties in the Fe doped Sr2TiO4 layered perovskite. We synthesized sintered samples of (BaxSr2-x)(Ti0.90Fe0.10)O4-δ (x= 0.05, 0.10) (BSTF05, BSTF10). The result of X-ray diffraction suggests that solid solute limitation of Ba is between x= 0.05 and 0.10. BSTF05 at 600 °C shows proton and oxide-ion conductivities as well as elecronic conductivity. It means that BSTF05 is a triple conductor at 600 °C under oxidation atmosphere. The proton conductivities in BSTF05 are lower than that in Ba un-doped Sr2(Ti0.9Fe0.1)O4-δ evaluated in our previous work, suggesting that the effect of the Ba substitution on proton defect generation is small. The redox reaction of Fe ions is more important for creation of proton defects in the layered perovskites.
Extracellular Acidity Reprograms Macrophage Metabolism and Innate Responsiveness
Authors: Jiang Wei , Le James , Wang Ping-yuan , Cheng Xiaofang , Smelkinson Margery , Dong Wenyue , Yang Chen , Chu Yiwei , Hwang Paul M. , Munford Robert S. , Lu Mingfang
Published: June 2021

Although organ hypofunction and immunosuppression are life-threatening features of severe sepsis, the hypofunctioning organs and immune cells usually regain normal functionality if patients survive. Because tissue interstitial fluid can become acidic during the septic response, we tested the hypothesis that low extracellular pH (pHe) can induce reversible metabolic and functional changes in peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6J mice. When compared with macrophages cultured at normal pHe, macrophages living in an acidic medium used less glucose and exogenous fatty acid to produce ATP. Lactate, glutamine, and de novo–synthesized fatty acids supported ATP production by mitochondria that gained greater mass, maximal oxygen consumption rate, and spare respiratory capacity. The cells transitioned to an M2-like state, with altered immune responses to LPS and slightly decreased phagocytic ability, yet they regained basal energy production, normal mitochondrial function, and proinflammatory responsiveness when neutral pHe was restored. Low pHe induces changes that support macrophage survival while rendering the cells less proinflammatory (more “tolerant”) and less able to phagocytose bacteria. Macrophage responses to low interstitial pH may contribute to the reversible organ hypofunction and immunoparalysis noted in many patients with sepsis.
Increased cautiousness in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients concordant with syringomyelia fails to improve overall patient outcomes
Authors: Pierce Katherine E , Krol Oscar , Kummer Nicholas , Passfall Lara , O'Connell Brooke , Maglaras Constance , Alas Haddy , Brown Avery E , Bortz Cole , Diebo Bassel G. , Paulino Carl B. , Buckland Aaron J. , Gerling Michael C. , Passias Peter G
Published: June 2021

Background:

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common cause of spinal deformity in adolescents. AIS can be associated with certain intraspinal anomalies such as syringomyelia (SM). This study assessed the rate o f SM in AIS patients and compared trends in surgical approach and postoperative outcomes in AIS patients with and without SM.

Methods:

The database was queried using ICD-9 codes for AIS patients from 2003–2012 (737.1–3, 737.39, 737.8, 737.85, and 756.1) and SM (336.0). The patients were separated into two groups: AIS-SM and AIS-N. Groups were compared using t-tests and Chi-squared tests for categorical and discrete variables, respectively.

Results:

Totally 77,183 AIS patients were included in the study (15.2 years, 64% F): 821 (1.2%) – AIS-SM (13.7 years, 58% F) and 76,362 – AIS-N (15.2 years, 64% F). The incidence of SM increased from 2003–2012 (0.9 to 1.2%, P = 0.036). AIS-SM had higher comorbidity rates (79 vs. 56%, P < 0.001). Comorbidities were assessed between AIS-SM and AIS-N, demonstrating significantly more neurological and pulmonary in AIS-SM patients. 41.2% of the patients were operative, 48% of AIS-SM, compared to 41.6% AIS-N. AIS-SM had fewer surgeries with fusion (anterior or posterior) and interbody device placement. AIS-SM patients had lower invasiveness scores (2.72 vs. 3.02, P = 0.049) and less LOS (5.0 vs. 6.1 days, P = 0.001). AIS-SM patients underwent more routine discharges (92.7 vs. 90.9%). AIS-SM had more nervous system complications, including hemiplegia and paraplegia, brain compression, hydrocephalous and cerebrovascular complications, all P < 0.001. After controlling for respiratory, renal, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal comorbidities, invasiveness score remained lower for AIS-SM patients (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

These results indicate that patients concordant with AIS and SM may be treated more cautiously (lower invasiveness score and less fusions) than those without SM.
Minimally invasive surgery for spinal fractures due to multiple myeloma
Authors: Reinas Rui , Kitumba Djamel , Pereira Leopoldina , Alves Oscar L
Published: June 2021

Background:

Multiple myeloma (MM) presents with spinal lesions in 60% of cases. The combination of osteolytic lesions with multifactorial osteopenia raises specific surgical treatment challenges. Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) could be a potential option for MM spinal lesions treatment.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to evaluate MISS techniques to treat patients presenting with spine fractures due to MM

Methods:

Retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with histology-proven pathological fractures caused by MM treated with MISS between 2009 and 2018. We collected the data from the clinical records on epidemiology, topography of spine lesions, surgical techniques, blood loss, operation time, complications, mean in-hospital time, and clinical evolution.

Results:

Twenty-one patients were studied – 13 males and 8 females, with a mean age of 64 years (range 43–83). Mean preoperative spinal instability neoplastic score was 9.8 ± 6 (range 5–16). All cases had a thoracolumbar location – 15 patients underwent kyphoplasty (KP) or vertebroplasty (VP) and 6 were treated with other more complex procedures. All patients had a reduction of pain and/or analgesic load. Vertebral body height increased by a mean of 2.9 mm after VP/KP. Mean hospital stay was 1.3 days for KP/VP and 5.0 days for other MISS procedures. Three patients had complications.

Conclusions:

The heterogeneity of techniques used reflected the variety of spine involvement by MM. KP and VP led to shorter hospital stays and less complications, being adequate for lesions without major instability. More complex MISS techniques offer an effective treatment with short delay for starting MM adjuvant treatment.
A comparative study of L4-L5-S1 and L5-S1 vertebral fusion in high-grade L5-S1 spondylolisthesis
Authors: Rezvani Majid , Sabouri Masih , Mahmoodkhani Mehdi , Mokhtari Ali , Tehrani Donya Sheibani
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

One of the most common types of spinal diseases is spondylolisthesis, which in advanced cases requires surgical intervention. This study aimed to compare the results of L4-L5-S1 and L5-S1 vertebral fusion treatment in high-grade L5-S1 spondylolisthesis.

Methods:

A study design that randomized controlled trial. A total of 70 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for the treatment of spondylolisthesis at Al-Zahra Hospital in Isfahan, Iran, were evaluated from July 2020 to February 2021 (35 patients underwent L4-L5-S1 and 35 received L5-S1 vertebral fusion treatment). The radicular and low back pain (LBP) intensity (Vanguard Australian Shares), blood loss, wound infection, reduction, and quality of life (SF-12 scores) were quantified before the surgery, 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery in two groups.

Results:

Patients involved in the two groups had similar baseline demographic characteristics. The percent slip in L4-L5-S1 and L5-S1 group, respectively, postoperative 81.11% and 57.89%, P = 0.0001. Intraoperative blood loss and postoperative were higher in the L4-L5-S1 group when compared to the L5-S1 group (P < 0.05). The wound infection rate of the L4-L5-S1 group was similar to that of the L5-S1 group (8.6% vs. 2.9%, P = 0.303). There was no difference in radicular and LBP intensity, SF-12 scores among patients with L4-L5-S1 and L5-S1 groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Both L4-L5-S1 and L5-S1 were equally beneficial in improving short-term functional outcomes for patients with high grade L5-S1 spondylolisthesis. However, L4-L5-S1 was associated with statistically significant higher incidences of blood loss, but it was accompanied by a better reduction. Therefore, caution should be exercised when considering L4-L5-S1.
A report of two cases of familial occipitalization of the atlas in a father and his daughter
Authors: Jayalathge Shaveen , Tollefson Lauren , Mackenzie David , Patel Siddharth
Published: June 2021

Occipitalization of the atlas (OA) (atlantooccipital assimilation) is a rare congenital anomaly that results in fusion of the C0-C1 complex. Here, we report the two cases of familial OA occurring in a father and his daughter and describe the pathologic features of this rare developmental anomaly. A 70-year-old father and his 30-year-old daughter seeking conservative care for musculoskeletal complaints presented to a chiropractic clinic. Radiographs of the cervical spine demonstrated OA. This represents a novel example of this anomaly in two patients with a direct familial relationship.
Partial occlusion of left axillary artery in a patient undergoing robot-assisted radical cystectomy
Authors: Anilakumari Devitha , Arora Poonam , Gupta Priyanka , Arora Rajnish Kumar
Published: June 2021

Robot-assisted surgeries are associated with steep positions which provide free operative field to surgeons; however, it becomes more challenging to the anaesthesiologists. In robot-assisted surgery, the patient is not usually accessible after docking in of robot, so monitors, circuits and tubes should be tightly secured and confirmed before handing over the patient to the surgeons. We report a patient with partial left axillary artery occlusion in a patient posted for robot-assisted radical cystectomy.
The rôle of Coulomb branches in 2D gauge theory
Authors: Teleman Constantin
Published: June 2021

I give a simple construction of the
Coulomb branches

{\mathscr{C}_{3,4}(G;E)}

of gauge theory in three and four dimensions, defined by H. Nakajima [Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 20 (2016)] and A. Braverman, M. Finkelberg and H. Nakajima [Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 22 (2018)] for a compact Lie group

G

and a polarizable quaternionic representation

E

. The manifolds

{\mathscr{C}(G;\mathbf{0})}

are abelian group schemes over the bases of regular adjoint

{G_\mathbb{C}}

-orbits, respectively conjugacy classes, and

{\mathscr{C}(G;E)}

is glued together over the base from two copies of

{\mathscr{C}(G;\mathbf{0})}

shifted by a rational Lagrangian section

{\varepsilon_V}

, representing the Euler class of the
index
bundle of a polarization

{V}

of

{E}

. Extending the interpretation of

{\mathscr{C}_3(G;\mathbf{0})}

as “classifying space” for topological 2D gauge theories, I characterize functions on

{\mathscr{C}_3(G;E)}

as operators on the equivariant quantum cohomologies of

{M\times V}

, for compact symplectic

{G}

-manifolds

{M}

. The non-commutative version has a similar description in terms of the

{\Gamma}

-class of

{V}

.
Percepcja traktatu triańskiego/trianońskiego w węgierskiej kulturze
Authors: Serwin Kazimierz
Published: June 2021

Perception of the Treaty of Trianon in Hungarian culture The „Trianon” is perhaps the most famous historical term in Hungary. 100 years ago, on June 4, 1920, restrictive peace conditions were imposed on Hungary at the Grand Trianon Palace in Versailles. Apart of the loss of territory, 3,5 million Hungarians remained abroad. In Hungarian historical awareness, the Treaty of Trianon is a symbol of catastrophe and national humiliation. The change of „Greater Hungary” into „small” Hungary. To this day, the effects of the treaty have had an impact on Hungary’s politics, economy and culture.
Trailing back from quasi decentralisation to centralisation. Municipal reform in Hungary
Authors: Kákai László
Published: June 2021

Trailing back from quasi decentralisation to centralisation. Municipal reform in Hungary It is very difficult to group countries and state structures according to the extent of their decentralization or the model they follow in the spatial distribution of power. The bounds of responsibility of local government and the state, the distribution of the roles and tasks between the two stakeholders and the question of centralization and decentralization are issues regularly debated in recent years and today. This topic is not merely a public administration, financial or state organization issue since these decisions have a direct impact on citizens’ lives through public services. In my study I wish to introduce this process via Hungary’s example. I also examine how and what those concerned by the financial and political changes, i.e. the population perceived of this most important structural transformation of the period since the transition in 1989. Can it be verified from the consumers’ point of view that the transformation of the local municipal system improves the quality of service provision?
Zjawisko izraelskich nieautoryzowanych osiedli na Zachodnim Brzegu Jordanu
Authors: Pokrzywiński Paweł
Published: June 2021

The phenomenon of the Israeli outposts in the West Bank

The article presents the phenomenon of the Israeli outposts in the West Bank. It describes the origins, ways of establishing, sources of financial support of the outposts. There will be examined the Israeli governments’ attitude toward this type of settlement. It should be emphasized that governmental and self-governmental institutions, as well as the World Zionist Organization, are engaged in establishing and developing the outposts in the West Bank. The aim of the article is to explain and to describe this phenomenon in the light of the Israeli law and its consequences for the State of Israel and the Israeli-Palestinian peace process. The examination is based on the following sources: Sasson Report, Levy Report, Judea and Samaria Settlement Regulation Law, Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty, so-called Young Settlement Bill, reports published by Peace Now and B’Tselem organizations. For the research author used institutional, historical analysis and decision analysis methods. It helped to state that the Israeli outposts, despite its illegality, receive wide financial and security support from government and self-governments. The outposts threaten also the peace process. Furthermore, since 2009 Netanyahu’s governments try to recognize and legalize the outposts by legal measures.
Działania hybrydowe na Ukrainie wyzwaniem dla bezpieczeństwa Polski
Authors: Szandrocho Robert
Published: June 2021

Hybrid activities in Ukraine as a challenge to Poland’s security

Hybrid warfare, which has been conducted since 2014 in Ukraine has become a new geopolitical phenomenon that directly threatens Poland, and thus Euro-Atlantic security, bringing a new group of threats that emerged after the collapse of the bipolar world. The article discusses how the Russian Federation uses hybrid warfare achieve your political goals and support your own interests. The study also includes an assessment of the threat of hybrid war in Poland as well as the genesis and principles of hybrid operations in the modern world.
Towards Abolition: Undoing the Colonized Curriculum
Authors: Leslie Angela Maria , Watson Vajra M. , Borunda Rose M. , Bosworth Kate E. M. , Grant Tatianna J.
Published: June 2021

Racial injustice has traditionally been observed from the viewpoint of its impact and outcomes. Subsequently, educators and policy makers have generally focused on outcomes; unequal oppor-tunity structures, disparities in educational achievement, the school-to-prison pipeline, dispropor-tional health indicators, incarceration rates, and harsher punishment in school and judicial sys-tems, are just a few of the contexts by which this nation’s racialized roots can be measured for present day mistreatment and disparate outcomes for minoritized populations. As policy makers and educators look to the impact of racial injustice, a true ontological vantage would reveal the cause as well as the perpetuation of these outcomes. As the current COVID-19 pandemic contin-ues, and with increased interest in online learning, it is vital that teachers and professors seek new pedagogy and tools to teach about racism. Our study examined whether a virtual 1-hour presen-tation on white humanists influences students’ understanding of racial justice. Our research demonstrates that a colonized curriculum impacts student’s outlook on the world and themselves. Inversely, when we expose students to humanists throughout history, we are able to show that white people have a legacy and responsibility to fight for racial justice. This provides students with alternative models – beyond those that perpetuate white supremacy.
Experiencias educativas de maestros y maestras bilingües guaraní, chané y tapiete de Salta en el noroeste argentino en contexto de pandemia
Authors: Casimiro Córdoba Ana Victoria , Flores Maria Eugenia , Ossola María Macarena
Published: June 2021

El artículo reflexiona acerca de las situaciones atravesadas por los y las docentes bilingües guaraní, chané y tapiete de la provincia de Salta (Argentina) en el marco de la pandemia por COVID-19. En primer lugar, realizamos una contextualización de la situación general de la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe en la provincia de Salta, luego analizamos los efectos de la pandemia sobre las prácticas de los y las docentes bilingües a partir de una encuesta y de algunas experiencias educativas desarrolladas en contexto virtual.
Cazuela sonorense: entre la tradición y la innovación
Authors: Miranda Cruz Ana María , Camarena Gómez Dena Ma. Jesús , Salgado Beltrán Lizbeth
Published: June 2021

La globalización ha permitido una mayor interconexión comercial y de información, además de la adopción de nuevas estructuras sociales que inciden en los hábitos y estilos de vida de las personas. Desde la perspectiva de la alimentación, los patrones de consumo muestran una tendencia hacia la demanda de productos de rápida preparación. En el caso particular de Sonora, la dieta tradicional se ha forjado con platillos regionales y altamente nutritivos, sin embargo, ante un nuevo entorno la demanda se modifica llevando a los empresarios a adaptarse para satisfacer las necesidades del mercado. Esta investigación busca identificar el conocimiento que tienen los consumidores sobre un producto tradicional como la cazuela, y la aceptación que tiene si se comercializa en un formato con innovación, como la sopa instantánea o lista para consumir. Los resultados muestran una actitud receptiva hacia un producto más práctico pero que mantenga elementos tradicionales en su elaboración.
Hand Smoothitizer, Antiseptik Pelembut Tangan Untuk Generasi Tanggap Penyebaran Kuman
Authors: Haryanti Kris , Hidayat Wisnu , Kartika Putri Afrina
Published: June 2021

Formulasi pembersih tangan secara tradisional mengandung etanol atau alkohol berantai pendek lainnya (60%-70%) sebagai bahan aktif. Namun, penggunaan alkohol sebagai produk hand sanitizer mudah menguap dan dapat menguap pada permukaan kulit sehingga aktivitas bakteri residual menjadi terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan formulasi hand sanitizer yang rendah kadar alkohol, dengan menggunakan ekstrak dari bahan alami sebagai bahan aktif antibakteri. Bahan alamai yang digunakan yaitu limbah kulit buah jeruk nipis dan lidah buaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ekstrak kulit jeruk nipis dan lidah buaya dapat menghambat aktivitas bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Evaluasi sediaan hand sanitizer menunjukkan hasil yang baik pada uji organoleptis, pH, bobot jenis dan uji antibakteri terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.
A proposito de un caso: Linfoma de Natural killer post tratamiento de Leishmaniasis
Authors: Centeno Jhonatan Nieto , Piñerez Gustavo Adolfo Comas , M Quintero
Published: June 2021

Linfoma de células T/NK es un linfoma no Hodking agresivo y muy poco común, el cual se localizan principalmente en la región centro facial afectando principalmente las fosas nasales y los senos maxilofaciales con un amplio pleomorfismo, aunque también pueden afectar tórax y extremidades generando frecuente necrosis y angioinvasión. 1 Su comportamiento es agresivo, su diagnóstico es difícil y con mala respuesta al tratamiento.
Assessment of facility availability and public adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures at different settings in Galle district, Sri Lanka
Authors: Ranawakaa Nithin , Welikumburab N.H.
Published: June 2021

Introduction and Objectives

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by newly discovered coronavirus. Preventive measures such as Hand hygiene, maintaining social distance, and using personal protective equipment, are the main strategies for limiting the spread of disease. The main objective of this study is to assess facility availability and adherence to those preventive measures in Galle district, Sri Lanka.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Study had 3 parts, 1) observation for facility availability, 2) observation and 3) questionnaire for adherence.  Direct, structured observation has been conducted.  Ten divisional secretarial areas selected randomly, each area supermarket, bank, bus stand, dress point, general goods store selected (total 50) randomly for observation. Quota sampling used for select individuals to observation and questionnaire. 

Result

Data collected from 50 places and 384 people. Majority of places had a handwashing facility (82%) clean (97.5%) running water (74%) soap (92.6%) and posters requesting to wear masks (72%). Facilities enhance social distance, poster on correct hand washing technique not displayed (86%) in most of the places. Majority of the study population adhered to hand washing (69.27%) and wore face masks (90.36%), Yet, the majority didn’t maintain the social distance (63.02%). Self-declared adherence was good (53.91%) in the majority of the study population.

Discussion and Conclusions

It is necessary to give attention to display posters on handwashing, correct technique of handwashing, and social distancing in crowded places. Poorest adherence revealed to maintain social distancing.
Modern Azerbaijan
Authors: Geghamyan Varujan , Elbakyan Edgar
Published: June 2021

The work describes the key episodes of the history of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the main features of the current political and economic system, armed forces, social-cultural life. The book is intended for a wide range of scholars, political scientists, historians, diplomats, politicians, military experts, as well as readers interested in the region.
Effect of Self-Care Guidelines on Quality of Life for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Radiofrequency Ablation
Authors: Zaki Azhar T. , Hassan Manal S. , Soliman Ahmed H. , Mohamed Yosreah M.
Published: June 2021

Context: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered one of the most challenging tumors with high incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates. Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) is one of the emerging therapeutic modalities used for the minimally invasive treatment in the management of early-stage HCC.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the effect of self-care guidelines on quality of life for patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma undergoing Radio Frequency Ablation.

Methods: A quasi-experimental design was used to achieve the aim of this study. This study was conducted at the Interventional Radiology Unit, affiliated to Ain Shams University Hospital, on a purposive sample of 50 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma; 25 randomly allocated to the study group, and 25 allocated to the control group. A structured interview questionnaire for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing radiofrequency ablation was used to collect the study data. It comprises three parts: Sociodemographic characteristic, assessment of patients' medical health, and knowledge about HCC and RFA. The second tool was the quality of life of cancer survivors questionnaire (pre /posttest), and finally, a patient-reported self-care practices assessment checklist (pre /posttests).

Results: There were statistically significant differences between the study and control groups regarding their total knowledge about hepatocellular carcinoma and radiofrequency ablation therapy pre and post-implementation of self-care guidelines. There were highly statistically significant differences between both groups regarding the total quality of life, pre and post-implementation of self-care guidelines. In addition, there were highly statistically significant differences regarding total self-care practice, pre, and post-implementation of self-care guidelines. A positive correlation was revealed between total knowledge with total self-care practice and total quality of life (pre/posttest). Also, a significant correlation was revealed between the total quality of life and self-care practices post self-care guidelines implementation at (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Implementation of self-care guidelines were improved patients' knowledge, quality of life, and self-care practices for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing radiofrequency ablation. A simplified, illustrated, and comprehensive Arabic booklet including self-care guidelines should be available for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing radiofrequency ablation. Replication of the current study on a larger probability sample is recommended to achieve generalization of the results. Further studies are recommended to assess factors affecting the quality of life for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing radiofrequency ablation.
An Evaluation of the Enforcement of Fundamental Rights and the Controversy of Jurisdiction of the Federal and State High Courts in Nigeria
Authors: Alloh Bo
Published: June 2021

This article examines the issue of jurisdiction between various high courts on the enforcement of fundamental rights in Nigeria. Fundamental rights are derived from the constitution and are expressly entrenched in the constitution of a country. They vary from one country to another and are specifically enacted in a country’s constitution in line with the history and culture of the country. In Nigeria, jurisdiction is vested in both State and Federal High Courts with respect to the enforcement of fundamental rights. However, the jurisdiction of the State High Courts is ousted and donated to the Federal High Courts, once a case on fundamental rights falls under section 251 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The researcher adopted the doctrinal method of research. The objective of this article is to reveal that the concurrent jurisdiction of both the Federal and State High Courts to hear and determine applications to secure the enforcement of fundamental rights has led to years of seemingly unsettled controversies, academically and procedurally. However, this controversy has been settled in the case of FUT Minna v Olutayo. This article concludes that the Supreme Court decision in the case of FUT Minna v Olutayo supports the realisation of the enforcement of fundamental rights in Nigeria.
Chatbot del proceso de aprendizaje universitario: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: OGOSI AUQUI JOSÉ ANTONIO
Published: June 2021

Toda organización independientemente del rubro obedece de alguna forma u otra forma a las TICs (Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación) las cuales representan una gran ayuda para la rápida adaptación a los cambios y la entrega de valor. Además, en la era de la Inteligencia Artificial, el mercado de los Chatbot ha venido adquiriendo popularidad en varios sectores. No obstante, en el campo de la educación como herramienta de aprendizaje aún se encuentra iniciando y tiene mucho por mejorar. En la presente revisión sistemática evaluaremos la suficiencia y conveniencia que tiene el uso de los Chatbot aplicados a la educación, así como conocer los factores que influyen en la adopción de esta tecnología para la mejora del proceso de aprendizaje en el ámbito universitario. Entre las principales conclusiones se tiene que de acuerdo a los estudios realizados que la aplicación de los Chatbots tiene mayor incidencia en el sector salud; asimismo, se precisaron que las plataformas más utilizadas para el desarrollo de un Chatbot es el Amazon Lex; de igual modo, se precisaron que los países donde más se utiliza los Chatbots para el proceso de aprendizaje pertenecen al continente asiático y europeo.
Editorial Alpha Centauri
Authors: DIAZ DUMONT JORGE RAFAEL
Published: June 2021

ALPHA CENTAURI, presenta el Vol. 2 Nº 3 (2021) de su Revista Científica y Tecnológica arbitrada y editada por Professionals On Line SAC y por el equipo de investigadores reconocidos por el estado peruano en el Registro Nacional Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica RENACYT – CONCYTEC que conforman parte de su Consejo Editorial; esta es una publicación trimestral, gestionada mediante Open Journal System y la que tiene como objetivos: Promover y contribuir a la difusión de la investigación científica en las diferentes disciplinas del conocimiento, difundir los resultados de las diferentes investigaciones para diversas consultas y ser un medio de acceso abierto que recoge la producción científica de las comunidades académicas.
İlahiyat Eğitimi Dindarlığı Etkiliyor mu? İlahiyat Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Deneyimleri Çerçevesinde Fenomenolojik Bir Araştırma
Authors: AY Mustafa Fatih
Published: June 2021

Çalışmanın temel amacı, öğrencilerin aldıkları ilahiyat eğitiminin dindarlıklarına etkisine ilişkin deneyimlerini incelemektir. Akdeniz Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi’nde eğitimlerine devam etmekte olan öğrencilerden oluşan çalışma grubu, ölçüt örnekleme kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Ölçütlerden ilki Din Eğitimi dersini almış olmak olarak belirlenmiştir. Bunun nedeni ise bu dersi alan katılımcıların ilahiyat fakültelerinin tarihi ve hakkındaki tartışmalardan haberdar olacağı varsayımıdır. İkinci ölçüt ise ilahiyat fakültesinde, ilahiyat eğitimi hakkında bir değerlendirme yapmasına imkan verecek kadar eğitim almış olmak gerektiği varsayımından hareketle, katılımcıların 3. ve 4. sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olanlardan seçilmiş olmasıdır. Toplam katılımcı sayısı ise 32 kız, 22 erkek olmak üzere toplam 54 kişidir. Katılımcıların 17’si 4. Sınıf, 37’si 3. Sınıf öğrencisidir. Elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizi sonucunda katılımcıların, aldıkları ilahiyat eğitiminin dindarlıklarına etkisine ilişkin deneyimleri üç tema altında toplanmıştır. Bunlar; ilahiyat eğitiminin dindarlığını olumlu etkilediğini düşünenler, ilahiyat eğitiminin dindarlığını olumsuz etkilediğini düşünenler ve ilahiyat eğitiminin dindarlık ile ilgili bir amacı olmadığını düşünenler şeklindedir.
Efektivitas Berbagai Media Pasir Lokal Sebagai Media Filtrasi Air Baku Menjadi Air Untuk Kebutuhan Higiene Sanitasi
Authors: Timpua Tony K , Watung Agnes T
Published: June 2021

Meeting the needs of clean water services in the community requires innovation with appropriate technology by developing groundwater or well water treatment (filtering) which has a high turbidity level so that clean water is obtained with quality that meets health requirements The water processing (filtering) is the Water Well Submerged Filter by using filter media, namely sand, gravel, activated carbon, and fibers. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of the immersed water filter to reduce water turbidity, Fe, Mn content and total coliform. This type of research is experimental with the design of One Group Pretest-Posttest Design.  

The results showed that the immersed water filter was effective in reducing turbidity and Fe content in the water, while the immersion filter's ability to reduce the Mn content and total coliform was not effective. It was concluded that the Up Flow Sand Filter in which A filter with sea sand media, B filter with land sand medium and C filter with sea sand media effectively reduced the turbidity and manganese levels, while the total coliform for and E. coli still exceeded the required quality standards. Further research needs to be done on the effect of varying media thickness and finer diameter in order to reduce colform and E. coli effectively
Kegiatan Unit Kesehatan Sekolah Dengan Perilaku Hidup Bersih Dan Sehat Tatanan Sekolah Di SMA Negeri 1 Manganitu Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe
Authors: Katiandagho Dismo , Soenjono Steven J
Published: June 2021

Adolescent forms of deviation as a result of development such as smoking behavior, alcoholic beverages, drug use, stress and trauma. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the activities of the school health unit (UKS) with clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) in SMA Negeri 1 Manganitu. The type of this research is analytic observational with a cross sectional study design, the sample size in this study is 62 students.. Data collection will be done directly by conducting interviews. The research data were analyzed univariate and bivariate by using the test Chi square. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between using healthy latrines and PHBS, value p = 0.001; PR = 8,775, there is a significant relationship between smoking behavior at school and PHBS, p = 0.026; PR = 20.148, there is a significant relationship between eradicating mosquito larvae with PHBS value p = 0.026; PR = 20.148, and there is a significant relationship between waste disposal and PHBS,value p = 0.014; PR = 46,667. The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship between using healthy latrines, non-smoking behavior in schools, eradicating mosquito larvae and disposing of garbage in its place with clean and healthy living behavior. It is recommended for the school to educate students and teachers through counseling and installation of leaflets prohibiting smoking in schools and providing cleaning water for latrines. For the puskesmas to provide assistance for UKS so that it continues to run well and support every UKS program implemented in schools.
Pendidikan Karakter Sebagai Solusi Perbaikan Akhlak
Authors: Atika Atika
Published: June 2021

Pendidkan karakter harus berkelanjutan dan tak pernah berakhir (neverending process), sebagai bagian terpadu untuk menyiapkan generasi bangsa yang disesuaikan dengan sosok manusia masa depan, berakar pada filosofi dan nilai kultural religius bangsa Indonesia. Pendidikan karakter harus menumbuh-kembangkan filosofi dan pengamalan atas keseluruhan karakter bangsa ini secara utuh dan menyeluruh (kaffah). Karakter bangsa mengandung perekat budaya yang harus terwujud dalam kesadaran kultural (cultural awareness) dan kecerdasan kultural (cultural intelegence) setiap warga negara.
O USO DOS SOFTWARES NA EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA.
Authors: Dos Santos Oliveira Erimar , Amaral Melo Lima Thiago , De Oliveira Silva Marcones , Oliveira da Silva Pétrick
Published: June 2021

Dentro do contexto histórico brasileiro, marcado pela defasagem na aprendizagem dos alunos em desenvolver habilidades básicas ensinadas na escola, em especial na disciplina de Matemática, este trabalho tem as atenções voltadas em apresentar uma metodologia que utilize os recursos tecnológicos como ferramenta didática durante as aulas de Matemática. O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar a importância de se utilizar as tecnologias como ferramenta de ensino e como recurso didático, fazendo com que as aulas sejam mais dinâmicas e atrativas, almejando assim, atingir melhores resultados no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Matemática. Para uma maior compreensão do Ensino de Matemática e a utilização de recursos computacionais, inicialmente foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, tomando por base alguns estudos sobre tal tema, estudos esses desenvolvidos por Tajra, Braga e Valente, dentre outros autores. Em seguida, foi realizada uma pesquisa documental analisando as propostas dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN's), da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB) e da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) sobre a inserção da informática na educação brasileira. Posteriormente, foi realizada uma intervenção pedagógica com alunos da 3ª série do Ensino Médio que estudam em uma escola estadual localizada na cidade de Teresina - PI, aplicando o software Geometria do Táxi: Contagem. Por fim, foram feitas as análises dos dados obtidos em nossas pesquisas, evidenciando os resultados observados e apresentando as devidas considerações sobre o presente estudo.
Long-Term Outcomes Following Surgical Management of Urethral Catheter Injuries in Men With Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Mishra Kirtishri , Campos Rodrigo A. , Bukavina Laura , Gómez Reynaldo G.
Published: June 2021

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of surgical management of men with spina cord injury (SCI) with subsequent catheter damage to the urethra that prevents clean intermittent catheterization (CIC).
Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of male SCI individuals on CIC with catheter-induced urethral injuries who had undergone an operative intervention in the last 30 years at our institution. The offered surgical managements were direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU) or urethroplasty (UP). Continent diversion (CDIV) was indicated when reconstruction was not possible.
Results: A total of 43 male SCI patients were identified. Median age was 50 years (IQR 41 to 57), and follow-up was 69 months (IQR 34 to 125). Inability to perform CIC was due to urethral stricture (25), false passages (11), fistula (4), diverticulum (2), and urethral erosion (1) . Primary intervention techniques were DVIU, UP, and CDIV. Overall primary success, defined by the ability to return to continent CIC, was 25/43 (58%); secondary surgery (10 CDIV, 3 UP, 1 DVIU) rescued 14/18 failures for a final 91% success rate.
Conclusion: Urethral injuries in men with SCI are complex, but individualized continued surgical management can be successful in up to 90% of patients. Therefore, reconstruction should be considered in this population to restore continent intermittent catheterization.
FACILITY OF EDUCATION ACTIVITIES IN THE BOTANICAL GARDENS AND PARKS: EXPERIENCE OF SOUTH GERMANY
Authors: Nekrošienė Rita
Published: June 2021

Some facilities of education activities in south Germany botanical gardens and parks are presented in this article. Research was carried out in Munchen-Nymphenburg, Alpengarten Schachen and Augsburg botanical gardens, Munchen zoological garden, Munchen city parks (in the Museum of Man and Nature). The role of botanic gardens is as an advocate for the maintenance of biodiversity and therefore botanic gardens need to reorient their education programmes and incorporate a vision for a more socially and environmentally sustainable future. Botanic and zoo gardens can use a variety of techniques to convey these messages from guided tours, cultural activities and exhibitions to interpret signs and media such as the internet, radio, television and newspapers. Botanic gardens should develop and promote these institutions as centers for environmental education to schools and develop child-friendly policies and train staff in these policies, conduct regular audits to ensure that the gardens is 'child friendly' e. g. access points, eating areas, storage areas, activity/play areas.
The subject areas covered by the Museum of Man and Nature are: the history of the earth and its forms of life, biodiversity, man’s place within the natural world, man’s role in shaping the natural world. The Museum presents an interesting and entertaining approach to natural science, in line with modern educational theory. Authentic natural objects, reproductions, models, interactive exhibits and audio-visual programs are employed to create a lively and stimulating setting. The section “Natural history playtime” successfully combines traditional and modern exhibits and appeals to young and old alike. Attractive exhibits and a convenient location make the Museum of Man and Nature a worthwhile destination for visitors of all ages. The official educational mission of this Museum “… to instruct and inform humans about themselves, their environment and about the threats to nature posed by technical civilization”.
Key words: botanic garden, zoological garden, parks, education, natural science.
Impact of Behavioral Factors in Making Investment Decisions and Performance: Evidence from Pakistan Stock Exchange
Authors: Rehan Muhammad , Alvi Jahanzaib , Javed Lubna , Saleem Baber
Published: June 2021

Market irregularities and irrational behavior triggered investor’s changes in the stock market, and this has led to an investigation into the impact of various behavioral biases and factors affecting decision-making for individual investors. The quality of individual investor behavior in making stock investment decisions is very important to be understood as a reference of the movement of the capital market. This study investigated the role of behavioral finance and investor psychology in investment decision-making at the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSE). Using a sample of 147 individual investors, the study established that behavioral factors such as Herding, Heuristic, Market and Prospect that affected the decisions of the investors operating at the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSE). As there are a few studies in Pakistan related to behavioral finance, so this study mainly contributes to the field of behavioral finance in Pakistan. This study focusses on existing theories of behavioral finance which led to develop the hypothesis. The result of the analysis is that the four variables have greatly influenced the investment decision and return on investment. All behavioral variables have a significant impact on the decision-making process of investors, which led to the acceptance of all assumptions regarding the level of influence of behavioral factors in decision making for individual investors
Technological Antecedents of Organizational Agility: PLS SEM Based Analysis Using IT Infrastructure, ERP Assimilation, and Business Intelligence
Authors: Yasir Muhammad , Bashir Muhammad Adnan , Ansari Junaid
Published: June 2021

Organizations often ignore the use information technology infrastructure, Business Intelligence and ERP software to improvise their decision making process due to which organizational agility is suffered. Such organizations fail to make decisions according to the needs of the market that leads to the loss of market share. Based on the contingency theory, conceptual model of this study was developed using the constructs of IT Infrastructure Flexibility, Business Intelligence Use, ERP Assimilation, and Organizational Agility. Survey method was used to collect the data from the managers and executives, who are involved in the key decision making process in any organization. Total 253 out of 265 responses were considered valid and PLS SEM approach was used to test the direct and indirect effects. Results indicate that mediating effect of Business Intelligence Use and ERP Assimilation between IT Infrastructure Flexibility and Organizational Agility has been substantiated. Findings of this study conclude that IT Infrastructure should be improvised, specifically when organization is going to adopt the ERP systems and Business Intelligence to make the timely decisions according to the requirements of the market that ultimately affects the Organizational Agility.