bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GamTest: Psychometric Evaluation in a Low-Gambling General Population
Authors: Forsström David , Lindner Philip , Jansson-Fröjmark Markus , Hesser Hugo , Carlbring Per
Published: July 2020

Instruments that investigate different aspects of gambling activities are needed to distinguish negative consequences. Because gambling is a complex activity that occurs both offline and online, different questionnaires are necessary for screening and risk classification. GamTest, an instrument used by several gambling companies, was designed to cover different aspects of gambling: money and time spent, as well as social, financial, and emotional consequences. This study explores GamTest’s psychometric properties in a general population. A total of 2,234 Swedish respondents completed an online survey containing demographic questions, the questionnaire (GamTest), and the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). A confirmatory factor analysis was performed and GamTest’s reliability and validity tested. The confirmatory factor analysis yielded an inclusive fit. The internal consistency (omega) for the five factors was high (.79–.91), indicating good reliability, and a high positive correlation with the PGSI supported the validity of the GamTest. The inclusive fit of the confirmatory factor analysis can be explained by the low endorsement of negative consequences of gambling in the sample. However, GamTest seems to have good reliability and validity. The utility of GamTest is discussed in relation to its psychometric properties and its use in the responsible gambling tool Playscan.RésuméPour être en mesure d’évaluer les conséquences négatives du jeu, il nous faut des instruments qui étudient différents aspects de ces activités. Comme le jeu est une activité complexe qui se déroule à la fois hors ligne et en ligne, différents questionnaires sont nécessaires à des fins de dépistage et de classification des risques. Le GamTest est un instrument utilisé par plusieurs entreprises de jeux d’argent. Il a été conçu pour couvrir différents aspects du jeu: l’argent dépensé et le temps passé, ainsi que les conséquences sociales, financières et émotionnelles. Cette étude explore les propriétés psychométriques du GamTest dans une population en général. Au total, 2234 Suédois ont répondu à un sondage en ligne contenant des questions démographiques, le questionnaire (GamTest) et l’indice de gravité du jeu problématique. Une analyse factorielle de confirmation a été effectuée. La fiabilité et la validité du GamTest ont également été testées. L’analyse factorielle de confirmation a donné un ajustement inclusif. La cohérence interne (Omega) pour les cinq facteurs était élevée (0,79 à 0,91) indiquant une bonne fiabilité. Une corrélation positive élevée avec l’IGPJ a confirmé la validité du GamTest. L’ajustement inclusif de l’analyse factorielle peut s’expliquer par le faible endossement des conséquences négatives du jeu dans l’échantillon. Cependant, le GamTest semble être fiable et valide. L’utilité du Gamtest est abordée sous l’angle de ses propriétés psychométriques et de son utilisation dans l’outil de jeu responsable Plyscan.
Stagnation and unnaturally low interest rates: a simple critique of the amended New Consensus and the Sraffian supermultiplier alternative*
Authors: Serrano Franklin , Summa Ricardo , Moreira Vivian Garrido
Published: July 2020

This paper argues that the amended versions (financial wedge and secular stagnation) of the simple pragmatic New Consensus model are as open to theoretical criticism as the original one was. The authors show that: (i) the real natural rate of interest is unlikely to be negative, (ii) it (inconsistently) depends on the Neoclassical investment function drawn at a position of full employment in a model in which the economy is demand-constrained, and (iii) both investment and full employment saving are induced by the trend of demand in the longer run and this challenges the usefulness of the notion of a natural or neutral rate of interest, which (iv) are also subject to the Sraffian capital critique. This is then contrasted with an alternative simple Sraffian supermultiplier model in which the interest rate and the financial wedge are distributive instead of allocative variables, and there is no natural rate of interest since in the longer run there is no trade-off between consumption and investment and also no full employment of labor. As the capital stock adjusts to demand, potential (capacity) saving will be determined by investment, and both investment and capacity saving increase when consumption increases. Finally, we briefly illustrate how this alternative model could begin to make sense of the recent relevant stylized facts.
A critical evaluation of some Kaleckian proposals to deal with the issue of convergence towards normal capacity utilization
Authors: Haluska Guilherme
Published: July 2020

It is a well-established result of Kaleckian models in which output growth is led by investment expenditures that capacity utilization is endogenous and positively related to the growth rate of output, and that attempts by capitalists to adjust productive capacity to demand might trigger Harrodian instability. This motivated several theoretical proposals by some Kaleckian authors in order to deal with the issue of convergence to normal utilization. Our purpose in this article is to rescue the concepts of competition, the determinants of normal capacity utilization, and the relation between normal prices, normal utilization, and normal profits, according to the classical surplus approach – and more specifically the ideas presented by Ciccone (1986; 1987; 2011) – in order to discuss critically the proposals developed by the Kaleckians in the light of this theoretical background. Our main point is that most of these proposals seem to have ignored some of these concepts from the classical surplus approach, adopting (explicitly or implicitly) some hypotheses that are in contradiction to the concepts of competition and to the determinants of normal utilization presented here – and in some cases have even modified the concept of normal utilization itself.
Jornal Nacional:
Authors: Becker Beatriz
Published: July 2020

A Análise Televisual Convergente (ATC) é um procedimento metodológico que possibilita observar cinco dimensões dos processos comunicativos de telejornais e programas de televisão: os sentidos do texto, as singularidades das ambiências (e/ou dispositivos), a circulação, a produção e as interações das audiências. Este trabalho busca demonstrar a aplicação deste esquema analítico para compreender como o Jornal Nacional (JN), o noticiário televisivo mais antigo e o de maior audiênciada televisão brasileira, se insere na cultura digital. A partir de um corpus constituído por 13 edições do telejornal coletadas em fevereiro de 2019 e de resultados alcançados em estudos anteriores, esta investigação evidencia estratégias e desafios do JN para atrair grandes audiências. No ano do cinquentenário deste noticiário televisivo, identifica-se uma organização discursiva de sua linha editorial, nomeada de “humanismo solidário”.
4. Liderazgo creativo en la formación del docente
Authors: Vizcaya Morela Mercedes
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo se enmarca en la modalidad de revisión documental, cuyo propósito es analizar las teorías que apoyan el desarrollo del liderazgo creativo en la formación del docente. El docente líder creativo es un individuo que con su proceder inspira confianza, inicia acciones positivas, proyecta luz, y define los objetivos que permiten describir futuros más brillantes en su entorno. De esta manera, en cualquier centro educativo, es imperativa la disposición al permanente cambio, ya que es una característica de las sociedades actuales. La labor del profesor como líder de una pedagogía polinizadora de la creatividad, es promocionar la formación integral, holística y ecológica, además de la estimulación de actitudes creativas en los estudiantes para dar respuestas a los requerimientos de una educación de avanzada. Por otra parte, el arte de liderar se aprende viviendo con amor, entusiasmo, alegría, ilusión, servicio y disciplina, por lo tanto, se debe cultivar el desarrollo de una inteligencia emocional.
Toward an Understanding of Heritage Prosody
Authors: Chang Charles , Yao Yao
Published: July 2020

In previous work examining heritage language phonology, heritage speakers have often patterned differently from native speakers and late-onset second language (L2) learners with respect to overall accent and segmentals. The current study extended this line of inquiry to suprasegmentals, comparing the properties of lexical tones produced by heritage, native, and L2 speakers of Mandarin living in the U.S. We hypothesized that heritage speakers would approximate native norms for Mandarin tones more closely than L2 speakers, yet diverge from these norms in one or more ways. We further hypothesized that, due to their unique linguistic experience, heritage speakers would sound the most ambiguous in terms of demographic background. Acoustic data showed that heritage speakers approximated native-like production more closely than L2 speakers with respect to the pitch contour of Tone 3, durational shortening in connected speech, and rates of Tone 3 reduction in non-phrase-final contexts, while showing the highest levels of tonal variability among all groups. Perceptual data indicated that heritage speakers’ tones differed from native and L2 speakers’ in terms of both intelligibility and perceived goodness. Consistent with the variability results, heritage speakers were the most
difficult group to classify demographically. Taken together, these findings suggest that, with respect to tone, early heritage language experience can, but does not necessarily, result in a phonological advantage over L2 learners. Further, they add support to the view that heritage speakers are language users distinct from both native and L2 speakers.
Global Accent in the Portuguese Speech of Heritage Returnees
Authors: Flores Cristina , Rato Anabela
Published: July 2020

The present study examined whether heritage speakers (HSs) of European Portuguese (EP) who were born or moved to a German-speaking country before the age of eight years were perceived as native speakers of EP. In particular, this study intended to determine whether a change of linguistic environment, length of residence in a migrant context, length of residence in the country of origin before migration and after remigration, and age at return could predict the degree of (non)native accent in the heritage language. Thirty native Portuguese speakers assessed the global accent of 20 Portuguese-German bilinguals, five Portuguese monolinguals and five highly proficient German speakers of Portuguese as a second language (L2). The group of HSs comprised 17 speakers who returned to Portugal. The results revealed that listeners perceived a strong global foreign accent in the speech of the L2 learners, while the monolingual Portuguese speakers were clearly perceived as being native speakers of EP. The HSs’ ratings were considerably closer to the monolingual average ratings, but they showed more variation, indicating that their accent may bear non-native traces. Further analyses showed that the age at which the HSs emigrated was the only significant predictor, while length of residence in the host country and in Portugal were less predictive.
Cross-language Influence in the Stop Voicing Contrast in Heritage Tagalog
Authors: Kang Yoonjung , George Sneha , Soo Rachel
Published: July 2020

In heritage bilinguals’ sound structure, some aspects of the sound system are more prone to cross-language influence than others. In this study, we compare two different models of crosslanguage influence, a phonological markedness based model, which proposes that influence selectively affects a phonologically marked structure, and a phonetic category based model, where influence is mediated through cross-language equivalence classification of similar phones. The empirical data for the study comes from the production of the voicing contrast in English and Tagalog stops by heritage Tagalog speakers in Toronto. We compare the heritage speakers’ production with native control productions and also probe the effect of lexical stress in voicing realization as evidence for the underlying target structure of stop categories. The key empirical findings are that the heritage speakers produce their voiceless stops in both languages nearly native-like, including a native-like stress effect, but voiced stops exhibit considerable crosslanguage influence and assimilatory stress effects. We propose that the heritage speakers
successfully establish separate phonetic categories for English and Tagalog voiceless stops, but form a partially merged category for English and Tagalog voiced stops. The findings provide partial support for the phonetic category based model of influence over the phonological markedness based model.
The Appraisal of Hybrid Foundations on Loose Granular Soil of Western Saudi Arabia
Authors: Farooq Qazi Umar , Ahmed B. Shaath
Published: July 2020

Western Saudi Arabia is the most important geographic location for the Islamic world. Millions of pilgrims annually visit the region. To accommodate this huge number of pilgrims, various tall buildings are constructed, yet there is a need for many more. The demolition of old buildings is also in progress. The soil supporting of the foundations mostly comprises sand with varying relative density. Most of the buildings are supported by conventional foundations, which require deep excavation for low relative densities. The combinations of pile and raft or hybrid foundations have been effectively used in tall buildings around the globe. In this research, COMSOL Multiphysics FEM analysis has been adopted to investigate the performance of a hybrid foundations with different pile combinations supported on loose granular soil. The results reflect the effective utilization of the hybrid foundation on loose sand. The arrangement of piles in the foundation system can affect the economy and safety of the structure.
Levantamento bibliográfico sobre corpo e gênero na formação dos discentes da licenciatura em Educação Física
Authors: Leite Marcelo Alencar
Published: July 2020

O presente trabalho trata de uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Foi realizado um levantamento acerca dos trabalhos produzidos entre 2008 e 2019, disponíveis no Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – CAPES e na Plataforma Google Academics, que fossem revisados por pares e que discutissem sobre o Corpo e Gênero na formação docente, adequando as discussões para que o trabalho pudesse ser bem realizado na escola, assim, chegou-se ao total de 16 trabalhos para serem discutidos. O objetivo da pesquisa é identificar os trabalhos produzidos sobre Corpo e Gênero na Formação dos discentes dos Cursos de Licenciatura em Educação Física. A pesquisa foi importante, pois mostrou que o vem sem pesquisado sobre os temas propostos e destacou a importância social de discutir sobre esta temática na formação inicial. Revelando que a formação docente ainda é insuficiente no que se refere à preparação dos professores para a discussão das temáticas ligadas ao Corpo e Gênero, mas reconhecer essa falha é um passo importante na busca pela melhoria dos processos formativos.
Consumo de suplementos por praticantes de musculação: em busca da saúde ou do corpo perfeito?
Authors: Ferreira Deniscleiton Marlon Antônio , Oliveira João Paulo Lima de , Mangia Rafael Cunha , Furtado Edilson Tadeu Ferreira , Abreu Wilson César de
Published: July 2020

A prática da musculação em um programa sistematizado pode proporcionar inúmeros benefícios à saúde e qualidade de vida. Muitos estudos mostram que o exercício físico associado a uma boa alimentação melhora o rendimento físico e a estética corporal. O presente estudo investigou o consumo de suplementos esportivos por praticantes de musculação. Participaram desse estudo 300 sujeitos (179 homens e 121 mulheres) com idade entre 18 e 49 anos. O consumo de suplementos esportivos foi avaliado por meio de questionário auto administrado constituído por 13 questões objetivas. A melhora da estética corporal foi o principal objetivo de 69% dos sujeitos. O uso de suplementos esportivos foi relatado por 78% dos sujeitos com maior frequência no gênero masculino (p<0,01). Os suplementos proteicos (p<0,01) e a creatina (p<0,001) foram os produtos mais utilizados pelos sujeitos, também com maior frequência no gênero masculino. Essa utilização é realizada principalmente de maneira autônoma, ou através de indicação de amigos e instrutores. Embora houvesse elevado consumo de suplementos esportivos, encontrou-se baixa satisfação aos resultados atingidos, sendo necessário maior intervenção de profissionais qualificados para maior efetividade dos resultados almejados. Os resultados mostram que o culto ao corpo é a motivação principal para pratica de musculação e que o consumo de suplementos esportivos na população investigada é muito elevado com predominância no gênero masculino.
Potenciación de la resistencia-fuerza en triatletas senior, disciplina natación
Authors: Suntaxi Fustillos Washington Darío , Urbano Portilla Brayan Alexis , Sandoval Jaramillo María Lorena
Published: July 2020

Introducción: Las capacidades físicas son cualidades orgánicas que presentan un organismo determinado, relacionadas todas con la acción motriz. Por ello, la potenciación de una o varias capacidades determinantes en el deporte implica mejorar el rendimiento deportivo. Objetivo: potenciar el rendimiento de la capacidad resistencia-fuerza en triatletas senior del Club CROE de Mirasierra para mejorar los tiempos en la disciplina de natación. Métodos: Investigación cuasi-experimental de orden correlativa, seleccionado la población de triatletas del Club mencionado (30 sujetos). La población fue intervenida en dos mesociclos de entrenamiento aplicando un modelo de bloques adaptado con orientación intensiva, enfocándose en un entrenamiento específico de resistencia-fuerza. Resultados: El test de nado se determinó inicialmente en 28:36 segundos de promedio y posteriormente en 25:06 segundos de promedio (Masculino: ≈-3:29 segundos), mientras que en los sujetos femeninos el test de nado se determinó inicialmente en promedio 35:02 segundos y en el postest en 33:04 segundos de promedio (Femenino: ≈-1:57s). Todas las pruebas fueron significativamente diferentes (p=0.000). Conclusiones: Se comprueba que el entrenamiento de la resistencia-fuerza en la modalidad de natación de los triatletas estudiados mejora los tiempos de desplazamiento en el agua.
Preparing Students for the “Next” Global: The Responsibilities and Tools of International Business Education
Authors: Berg David M.
Published: July 2020

The international business environment is always shifting, now more than ever. One of our main responsibilities and roles as international business educators is to help prepare students to work effectively in a variety of business environments and to provide them with the tools needed to operate in changing global circumstances. Those tools include a global mindset, a sense of global citizenship, and critical thinking skills. This article helps address this need by examining what makes international business education distinctive, then by outlining some exercises and assignments that can be useful in developing those necessary perspectives and skills.
Parceria entre escola e família na formação integral da criança
Authors: Alves da Costa Maria Aparecida , Carneiro da Silva Francisco Mário , Da Silva Souza Davison
Published: July 2020

Esta produção objetiva analisar as relações entre família e escola como instituições responsáveis pela formação integral do filho-aluno à luz das produções recentes que trazem a discussão sobre a relação família-escola. Para tanto, utilizou-se a Pesquisa Bibliográfica como metodologia, para, através da constituição de um mapa teórico, estruturar a reflexão acerca do assunto. A importância da pesquisa deve-se ao fato de compreender a relação família-escola como uma ferramenta necessária para o desenvolvimento integral da criança, e, assim, levar-nos a uma reflexão a respeito de como podemos romper com velhas dificuldades a fim de senão fortalecer os laços entre estas duas instituições, ao menos, estreitá-los na perspectiva de uma melhoria na formação integral do sujeito. Dada às condições de responsabilidade mútua entre família e escola, conclui-se que é de suma importância uma relação entre essas duas instituições.
Formação Docente e Práxis Pedagógica: narrativa de uma professora
Authors: Carvalho Scarlett O’hara Costa
Published: July 2020

O objetivo do trabalho é compreender as divergências e congruências no magistério em instituições pública e privada de ensino a partir da trajetória de vida e formação profissional de uma professora da Educação Básica, que tem experiência de ensino nessas instituições. Por intermédio da metodologia da história oral temática, foi realizada uma entrevista gravada, transcrita, textualizada e validada. Questionou-se quais as divergências e congruências da atuação no magistério em instituições particular e pública de ensino? Constatou-se que a professora não concebe a ideia de formar um pedagogo apenas com teoria, sem que este tenha vivenciado a prática. Ela acredita que a formação da graduação tem que melhorar e que deve estar mais voltada para a práxis. Por fim, esse estudo teve o intuito de proporcionar reflexões e debates acerca da formação docente, bem como da práxis pedagógica.
Uma perspectiva autorreflexiva sobre experiências formativas docentes de dois professores iniciantes no ensino superior
Authors: Freire Vitória Chérida Costa , Miranda Augusto Ridson De Araújo
Published: July 2020

O presente estudo propõe-se a tecer reflexões sobre o aprendizado docente de dois professores iniciantes no ensino superior, interlocucionando o percurso inicial de atuação docente no Ensino Superior e o aprendizado docente através de experiências formativas obtidas durante uma disciplina voltada a conceitos fundamentais sobre a formação de professores no Curso de Doutorado em Educação. Esta pesquisa, ancorada em Candau (1984), Delory-Momberger (2014); Josso (2004); Sacristán (1999), Tardif (2010) entre outros, parte do método autobiográfico, no qual a descrição da própria trajetória no ensino superior é o fio condutor das reflexões teórico-práticas. Consideramos que é nas experiências significativas que saberes referenciais para a prática docente são adquiridos e dominados e novos significados sobre a docência são construídos, bem como novos sentidos para a formação anteriormente constituída; para consolidar as experiências formativas, o exercício autobiográfico deve se coadunar com o desenvolvimento de uma contínua atividade de racionalidade reflexiva por parte dos docentes em formação.
Práticas reflexivas do professor reflexivo: experiências metodológicas entre duas docentes do ensino superior
Authors: Brandenburg Cristine , Pereira Arliene Stephanie Menezes , Fialho Lia Machado Fiuza
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo objetivamos refletir sobre os modelos de práticas de ensino, que facilitaram o processo de aprendizagem, no que se refere a experiência didática e a reflexão deste processo, envolvendo práticas reflexivas e de profissional reflexivo de duas docentes do ensino superior, A metodologia deste estudo é de cunho qualitativo com caráter descritivo. Estas dinâmicas demonstraram que tais práticas desenvolvidas através de metodologias ativas (como a gamificação) e com intermédio da ludicidade e troca de saberes entre os discentes, demonstram um maior interesse na aprendizagem por parte dos alunos. Conclui-se que através das práticas pedagógicas das duas docentes há uma reformulação e uma reflexão sobre a própria prática pelo verso das discussões com um leque de metodologias distintas, que passaram inclusive por discussões coletivas.
Relação entre lesão por pressão e estado nutricional em pacientes hospitalizados: Revisão de literatura
Authors: Baron Miriam Viviane , Itaquy Vitória Pereira , Santos Talia Guimarães dos , Silveira Julia Braga da , Gelb Gabriela Teixeira , Nerys Fernanda , Costa Bartira Ercília Pinheiro da
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar as principais evidências científicas sobre a lesão por pressão e o estado nutricional em pacientes adultos internados em hospital. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura. Foi realizada uma busca em bases de dados científicas online como: SciELO, PubMed e LILACS. Os descritores utilizados foram “pressure ulcer” AND “hospital” AND “malnutrition”. A busca nas bases de dados resultou em 129 estudos e, destes, oito atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e compuseram a presente revisão. A análise mostrou que o estado nutricional de desnutrição é um dos fatores de risco mais importantes associados ao desenvolvimento e gravidade da lesão por pressão em pacientes hospitalizados. A intervenção nutricional para pacientes em alto risco de desenvolver lesão por pressão mostrou-se uma abordagem custo-efetiva em comparação com cuidados nutricionais padrão na prevenção de lesão por pressão.
Experiências formativas através de diários de formação
Authors: Lopes Jayane Mara Rosendo , Medeiros Filho Antonio Evanildo Cardoso de
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é relatar as experiências formativas na disciplina de Pesquisa Educacional no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Estadual do Ceará, a partir de diários de formação. Será apresentada uma trajetória vivenciada ao longo da disciplina no semestre 2020.1, alicerçada pelos escritos em diários de formação. São evidenciados momentos de dificuldade pelo contexto de pandemia que estamos vivendo, mas revela uma trajetória mediada por professores comprometidos com a Pesquisa Educacional e os diários de formação como meios de desenvolvimento de pesquisadores iniciantes em ações individuais e coletivas.
Solanum tuberosum L: Botanical, Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Nutritional Significance
Authors: R Anjum Sahair , S Sneha , N Raghu , TS Gopenath , Karthikeyan Murugesan , Gnanasekaran Ashok , GK Chandrashekrappa , Basalingappa Kanthesh M
Published: July 2020

Solanum tuberosum commonly known as potato belongs to solanaceae family. The whole part of potato plant including leaves; tuber, peel and juice are used in traditional medicine. A number of pharmacological activities of potato have been reported viz. Antioxidant, anticancer, antiallergy, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, anti-ulcer activity. Potato contains Phenolic acids, anthocyanin, flavonoids, vitamin B6, vitamin B3, pantothenic acid, potassium, manganese, phosphorous; copper and fibres. The medicinal properties, traditional uses, nutritional value, phytochemical constituents, taxonomy, geographic origin and distribution have been mentioned in this present review to provide collective data for multipurpose benefits.

 
Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) over the Paris megacity: 9 years of total column observations from ground-based infrared remote sensing
Authors: Tournadre Benoît , Chelin Pascale , Ray Mokhtar , Cuesta Juan , Kutzner Rebecca D. , Landsheere Xavier , Fortems-Cheiney Audrey , Flaud Jean-Marie , Hase Frank , Blumenstock Thomas , Orphal Johannes , Viatte Camille , Camy-Peyret Claude
Published: July 2020

Abstract. In this paper, we present the first multiyear time
series of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) ground-based measurements in the Paris region
(Créteil, 48.79∘ N, 2.44∘ E, France) retrieved with
the midresolution “Observations of the Atmosphere by Solar absorption
Infrared Spectroscopy” (OASIS) ground-based Fourier transform infrared
solar observatory. Located in an urban region, OASIS has previously been
used for monitoring air quality (tropospheric ozone and carbon monoxide)
thanks to its specific column sensitivity across the whole troposphere down
to the atmospheric boundary layer. A total of 4920 measurements of
atmospheric total columns of ammonia have been obtained from 2009 to 2017,
with uncertainties ranging from 20 % to 35 %, and have been compared with
NH3 concentrations derived from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding
Interferometer (IASI). OASIS ground-based measurements show significant
interannual and seasonal variabilities of atmospheric ammonia. NH3
total columns over the Paris megacity (12 million people) vary seasonally by 2 orders of magnitude from approximately 0.1×1016 molec. cm−2
in winter to 10×1016 molec. cm−2 for spring peaks, probably due
to springtime spreading of fertilizers on surrounding croplands.
A new measurement approach for validating satellite-based above cloud aerosol optical depth
Authors: Gatebe Charles K. , Jethva Hiren , Gautam Ritesh , Poudyal Rajesh , Várnai Tamas
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The retrieval of aerosol parameters from passive satellite instruments in cloudy scenes is challenging partly because clouds and cloud-related processes may significantly modify aerosol optical depth (AOD) and particle size, a problem that is further compounded by the 3D radiative processes. Recent advances in retrieval algorithms such as the “color ratio” method which utilizes the measurements at a shorter (470 nm) and a longer (860 nm) wavelength have demonstrated the simultaneous derivation of AOD and cloud optical depth (COD) for scenes where absorbing aerosols are found to overlay low-level cloud decks. This study shows simultaneous retrievals of above-cloud aerosol optical depth (ACAOD) and aerosol-corrected cloud optical depth (COD) from airborne measurements of cloud-reflected and sky radiances using the color ratio method. These airborne measurements were taken over marine stratocumulus clouds with NASA's Cloud Absorption Radiometer (CAR) during SAFARI 2000 field campaign offshore of Namibia. The ACAOD is partitioned between the AOD below aircraft (AOD_cloudtop) and above aircraft AOD (AOD_sky). The results show good agreement between AOD_sky and sunphotometer measurements of the above aircraft AOD. The results also show that the use of aircraft-based sunphotometer measurements to validate satellite retrievals of the ACAOD is complicated by the lack of information on AOD below aircraft. Specifically, the CAR-retrieved AOD_cloudtop captures this “missing” aerosol layer caught between the aircraft and cloud top, which is required to quantify above cloud aerosol loading and effectively validate satellite retrievals. In addition, the study finds a strong anticorrelation between the AOD_cloudtop and COD for cases where COD  10, which may be associated with the uncertainties in the color ratio method at lower AODs and CODs. The influence of 3D radiative effects on the retrievals is examined and the results show that at cloud troughs, 3D effects increase retrieved ACAOD by about 3–10 % and retrieved COD by about 25 %. The results show that the color ratio method has little sensitivity to 3D effects at overcast stratocumulus cloud decks. These results demonstrate a novel airborne measurement approach for assessing satellite retrievals of aerosols above clouds, thereby filling a major gap that exists in the global aerosol observations.
Eukaryotic community composition in the sea surface microlayer
across an east-west transect in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Zäncker Birthe , Cunliffe Michael , Engel Anja
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The sea surface microlayer (SML) represents the boundary layer at the air-sea interface. Microbial eukaryotes in the SML potentially influence air-sea gas exchange directly by taking up and producing gases, and indirectly by excreting and degrading organic matter, which may modify the viscoelastic properties of the SML. However, little is known about the controlling factors that influence microbial eukaryote community composition in the SML. We studied the composition of the microbial community, transparent exopolymer particles and polysaccharides in the SML during the PEACETIME cruise along a west-east transect in the Mediterranean Sea, covering the western basin, Tyrrhenian Sea and Ionian Sea. At the stations located in the Ionian Sea, fungi were found in high relative abundances determined by 18S sequencing efforts, making up a significant proportion of the sequences recovered. At the same time, bacterial and phytoplankton counts were decreasing from west to east, while transparent exopolymer particle (TEP) abundance and total carbohydrate (TCHO) concentrations remained the same between Mediterranean basins. Thus, the presence of substrates for fungi, such as Cladosporium known to take up phytoplankton-derived polysaccharides, in combination with decreased substrate competition by bacteria suggests that fungi could be thriving in the neuston of the Ionian Sea.
Biotic and abiotic transformation of amino acids in cloud
water: Experimental studies and atmospheric implications
Authors: Jaber Saly , Joly Muriel , Brissy Maxence , Leremboure Martin , Khaled Amina , Ervens Barbara , Delort Anne-Marie
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The interest for organic nitrogen and particularly for quantifying and studying the fate of amino acids (AA) has been growing in the atmospheric science community. However very little is known about biotic and abiotic transformation mechanisms of amino acids in clouds. In this work, we measured the biotransformation rates of 18 amino acids with four bacterial strains (Pseudomonas graminis PDD-13b-3, Rhodococcus enclensis PDD-23b-28, Sphingomonas PDD-32b-11 and Pseudomonas syringae PDD-32b-74) isolated from cloud water and representative of this environment. At the same time, we also determined the abiotic (chemical, OH radical) transformation rates within the same solutions mimicking the composition of cloud water. We used a new approach by UPLC-HRMS to quantify free AA directly in the artificial cloud water medium without concentration and derivatization. The experimentally-derived transformation rates were used to compare their relative importance under atmospheric conditions and compared to the chemical loss rates based on kinetic data of amino acid oxidation in the aqueous phase. This analysis shows that previous estimates overestimated the abiotic degradation rates, and thus underestimated the lifetime of amino acids in the atmosphere as they only considered loss processes but did not take into account the potential transformation of amino acids into each other.
Development of the Community Water Model (CWatM v1.04) – a high-resolution hydrological model for global and regional assessment of integrated water resources management
Authors: Burek Peter , Satoh Yusuke , Kahil Taher , Tang Ting , Greve Peter , Smilovic Mikhail , Guillaumot Luca , Zhao Fang , Wada Yoshihide
Published: July 2020

Abstract. We develop a new large-scale hydrological and water resources model, the
Community Water Model (CWatM), which can simulate hydrology both globally
and regionally at different resolutions from 30 arcmin to 30 arcsec at
daily time steps. CWatM is open source in the Python programming environment
and has a modular structure. It uses global, freely available data in the
netCDF4 file format for reading, storage, and production of data in a
compact way. CWatM includes general surface and groundwater hydrological
processes but also takes into account human activities, such as water use
and reservoir regulation, by calculating water demands, water use, and
return flows. Reservoirs and lakes are included in the model scheme. CWatM
is used in the framework of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison
Project (ISIMIP), which compares global model outputs. The flexible model
structure allows for dynamic interaction with hydro-economic and water quality
models for the assessment and evaluation of water management options.
Furthermore, the novelty of CWatM is its combination of state-of-the-art
hydrological modeling, modular programming, an online user manual and
automatic source code documentation, global and regional assessments at
different spatial resolutions, and a potential community to add to, change,
and expand the open-source project. CWatM also strives to build a community
learning environment which is able to freely use an open-source hydrological
model and flexible coupling possibilities to other sectoral models, such as
energy and agriculture.
Drought propagation and its impact on groundwater hydrology of wetlands
Authors: Wossenyeleh Buruk Kitachew , Worku Kaleb Asnake , Verbeiren Boud , Huysmans Marijke
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Drought can be described as a temporary decrease in water availability over a significant period and affects both surface and groundwater resources. Droughts propagate through the hydrological cycle and may impact vulnerable ecosystems. This paper investigates drought propagation in the hydrological cycle, focusing on assessing its impact on a groundwater-fed wetland ecosystem. Meteorological drought indices were used to analyze meteorological drought severity. Besides, a method for assessing groundwater drought and its propagation in the aquifer was developed and applied. Groundwater drought was analyzed using the variable threshold method. Furthermore, meteorological drought and groundwater drought on recharge were compared to investigate drought propagation in the hydrological. This research is carried out in the Doode Bemde wetland in central Belgium. The results of this research show that droughts are strongly attenuated in the groundwater system. The number and severity of groundwater discharge drought events were smaller than for groundwater recharge drought. However, the onset of both drought events occurred at the same time, indicating a quick response of the groundwater system to hydrological stresses. In addition, drought propagation in the hydrological cycle indicated that not all meteorological droughts result in groundwater drought. Furthermore, this drought propagation effect was observed in the wetland.
A reconstruction of Iberia accounting for Western Tethys–North Atlantic kinematics since the late-Permian–Triassic
Authors: Angrand Paul , Mouthereau Frédéric , Masini Emmanuel , Asti Riccardo
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The western European kinematic evolution results from the opening of the western Neotethys and the Atlantic oceans since the late Paleozoic and the Mesozoic. Geological evidence shows that the Iberian domain recorded the propagation of these two oceanic systems well and is therefore a key to significantly advancing our understanding of the regional plate reconstructions. The late-Permian–Triassic Iberian rift basins have accommodated extension, but this tectonic stage is often neglected in most plate kinematic models, leading to the overestimation of the movements between Iberia and Europe during the subsequent Mesozoic (Early Cretaceous) rift phase. By compiling existing seismic profiles and geological constraints along the North Atlantic margins, including well data over Iberia, as well as recently published kinematic and paleogeographic reconstructions, we propose a coherent kinematic model of Iberia that accounts for both the Neotethyan and Atlantic evolutions. Our model shows that the Europe–Iberia plate boundary was a domain of distributed and oblique extension made of two rift systems in the Pyrenees and in the Iberian intra-continental basins. It differs from standard models that consider left-lateral strike-slip movement localized only in the northern Pyrenees in introducing a significant strike-slip movement south of the Ebro block. At a larger scale it emphasizes the role played by the late-Permian–Triassic rift and magmatism, as well as strike-slip faulting in the evolution of the western Neotethys Ocean and their control on the development of the Atlantic rift.
Satellite-observed monthly glacier and snow mass changes in southeast Tibet: implication for substantial meltwater contribution to the Brahmaputra
Authors: Yi Shuang , Song Chunqiao , Heki Kosuke , Kang Shichang , Wang Qiuyu , Chang Le
Published: July 2020

Abstract. High-Asia glaciers have been observed to be retreating the fastest
in the southeastern Tibet Plateau (SETP), where vast numbers of glaciers and amounts of
snow feed the streamflow of the Brahmaputra, a transboundary river
linking the world's two most populous countries, China and India. However,
the low temporal resolutions in previous observations of glacier and snow (GS) mass balance
obscured the seasonal accumulation–ablation variations, and their modelling
estimates were divergent. Here we use monthly satellite gravimetry
observations from August 2002 to June 2017 to estimate GS mass variation in
the SETP. We find that the “spring-accumulation-type” glaciers and snow in
the SETP reach their maximum in May. This is in stark contrast to seasonal
variations in terrestrial water storage, which is controlled by summer
precipitation and reaches the maximum in August. These two seasonal
variations are mutually orthogonal and can be easily separated in
time-variable gravity observations. Our GS mass balance results show a
long-term trend of -6.5±0.8 Gt yr−1 (or 0.67±0.08 m w.e. yr−1) and annual mass decreases ranging from −49.3 to −78.3 Gt with an
average of -64.5±8.9 Gt in the SETP between August 2002 and June 2017. The contribution of summer meltwater to the Brahmaputra streamflow is
estimated to be 51±9 Gt. This result could help to resolve previous
divergent modelling estimates and underlines the importance of meltwater to
the Brahmaputra streamflow. The high sensitivity between GS melting and
temperature on both annual and monthly scales suggests that the Brahmaputra
will suffer from not only changes in total annual discharge but also an
earlier runoff peak due to ongoing global warming.
The American monsoon system in HadGEM3 and UKESM1
Authors: García-Franco Jorge L. , Gray Lesley J. , Osprey Scott
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The simulated climate of the American monsoon system (AMS) in the UK models HadGEM3 GC3.1 (GC3) and the Earth system model UKESM1 is assessed and compared to observations and reanalysis. We evaluate the pre-industrial control, AMIP and historical experiments of UKESM1 and two configurations of GC3: a low (1.875∘×1.25∘) and a medium (0.83∘×0.56∘) resolution.
The simulations show a good representation of the seasonal cycle of temperature in monsoon regions, although the historical experiments overestimate the observed summer temperature in the Amazon, Mexico and Central America by more than 1.5 K.
The seasonal cycle of rainfall and general characteristics of the North American monsoon of all the simulations agree well with observations and reanalysis, showing a notable improvement from previous versions of the HadGEM model.
The models reasonably simulate the bimodal regime of precipitation in southern Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean known as the midsummer drought, although with a stronger-than-observed difference between the two peaks of precipitation and the dry period.
Austral summer biases in the modelled Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), cloud cover and regional temperature patterns are significant and influence the simulated regional rainfall in the South American monsoon.
These biases lead to an overestimation of precipitation in southeastern Brazil and an underestimation of precipitation in the Amazon.
The precipitation biases over the Amazon and southeastern Brazil are greatly reduced in the AMIP simulations, highlighting that the Atlantic sea surface temperatures are key for representing precipitation in the South American monsoon.
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnections, of precipitation and temperature, to the AMS are reasonably simulated by all the experiments.
The precipitation responses to the positive and negative phase of ENSO in subtropical America are linear in both pre-industrial and historical experiments.
Overall, the biases in UKESM1 and the low-resolution configuration of GC3 are very similar for precipitation, ITCZ and Walker circulation; i.e. the inclusion of Earth system processes appears to make no significant difference for the representation of the AMS rainfall.
In contrast, the medium-resolution HadGEM3 N216 simulation outperforms the low-resolution simulations due to improved SSTs and circulation.
“Quel reyno manda al rey: y no el rey al reyno”. La legitimidad de carlos i en el tiempo de las comunidades de Castilla quinientos años después
Authors: Rus Rufino Salvador
Published: July 2020

Entre mayo de 1520 y abril de 1521 se desarrolló en Castilla un movimiento político y social conocido con el nombre de Comunidades. Los líderes de este movimiento fueron capaces de levantar a catorce ciudades contra la política de Carlos I, futuro Emperador Carlos V, y sus colaboradores. El artículo está construido seleccionando tres hechos históricos que dieron lugar a la discusión entre los comuneros y los partidarios del Emperador Carlos durante este período de tres conceptos políticos fundamentales: legitimidad monárquica, la representación política y la monarquía pactada. La cuestión fundamental fue determinar qué institución tenía preeminencia el rey o el reino a través de sus representantes.
Interfaces entre a Educação do Campo e a Agroecologia em áreas de assentamentos rurais no estado do Paraná
Authors: Borges Marizete , Marcelites Elder José , Finatto Roberto Antonio
Published: July 2020

Este trabalho problematiza a relação entre a Educação do Campo e a Agroecologia em áreas de assentamentos rurais vinculados ao Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST). Parte-se do pressuposto de que a Agroecologia, enquanto matriz produtiva difundida pelo MST, potencializa e reforça a perspectiva de uma Educação do Campo emancipatória, que valoriza o conhecimento e o modo de vida dos sujeitos, além de contribuir para a sua permanência no campo. Assim, a escola adquire centralidade no processo de educação formal e passa a ser um espaço privilegiado para o estudo das contradições do campo brasileiro, bem como para a difusão dos princ�pios da Agroecologia. A escola, entretanto, não consegue garantir essa formação se não acompanhar o movimento da realidade em que está inserida. Amparado em revisão da literatura, análise documental, entrevistas e observações in loco, este texto apresenta uma análise das ações em torno da Agroecologia desenvolvidas em duas escolas do campo localizadas em assentamentos rurais no estado do Paraná, contextualizando os avanços e os limites nas suas práticas pedagógicas.
Palavras-chave: Educação do Campo; Agroecologia; Assentamentos rurais.
A construção da temporalidade e as novas sensibilidades em Goiânia: Imaginário e Literatura
Authors: Pereira da Silva Valéria Cristina
Published: July 2020

Goiânia consistiu na experiência de criação da cidade planejada como a transformação espacial, completa e simultânea, independente da diacronia, no contexto do seu surgimento. Contudo, hoje o desenho e mesmo seu plano há muito já se transformaram e não mais correspondem às ideias originais. Buscamos compreender tais transformações a partir da construção da temporalidade que vai alterando o sentido das paisagens, promovendo rupturas com as formas que as engendraram e o surgimento de novas imagens e sensibilidades urbanas, sobretudo advindas da literatura e da arte. A construção da temporalidade opera uma transformação nas paisagens de Goiânia em paisagens imaginárias que surgiram sob o signo de serem formas espaciais, ambientais, urban�sticas, arquitetônicas, art�sticas e culturais; inclusive, aquelas advindas de processos preservação do passado e da valorização da memória urbana.
Palavras-chave: cidades planejadas, paisagem urbana, poesia.