bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analytical solution for optimum location of belt truss based on stability analysis
Authors: Masoodi Amir R.
Published: June 2018

A new method for modelling a tall building with an outrigger system is described. In this method, the high-rise building core structure is modelled with an Euler–Bernoulli beam considering second-order effects with a box section. The outrigger system is also considered by means of a rotational spring, the location of which is variable. Exact stability analysis of this model is then incorporated and the buckling load of the whole structure under only gravity load is obtained. Different values were considered for the distance of the outrigger system from the top of the structure. Using an analytical solution for the buckling load of the structure, the optimum location of the outrigger system was investigated. The core structure was modelled as a clamped Euler–Bernoulli beam. Thus, the exact stiffness matrix of a tapered beam was also obtained. The method can be used to determine the exact optimum location of an outrigger system based on stability analysis of structure.
Laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging for the study of metal surfaces
Authors: Iartsev Stepan D , Matyushin Dmitrii D , Pytskii Ivan S , Kuznetsova Elena S , Buryak Aleksey K
Published: June 2018

Studying the chemistry and morphology of metal surfaces of construction materials is important for quality control of products manufactured for the rocket and space industry, evaluation of their wear and tear and deciding whether to recycle or reuse them. Mass spectrometry imaging makes it possible to obtain information about the surface that is not available by other methods. Imaging of metal samples was carried out on a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization with a time-of-flight mass spectrometry instrument. The samples were fixed in the recesses carved inside standard Bruker targets. Organic compounds on the metal surfaces of construction materials used in the rocket industry were studied by mass spectrometry imaging for the first time. The method allows control of the presence of components of various process fluids used in the manufacture and operation of rockets, including joint treatment with several substances. Mass spectrometry imaging showed the effectiveness of using washing agents to remove 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (rocket fuel component) and its transformation products from the surfaces. It is shown that mass spectrometry imaging is applicable to the study of organic substances on metal surfaces. Further development will allow greater control of the process of manufacturing and use of materials for the rocket industry.
Impact of attitude on cumulative mode choices of intercity business travellers in China
Authors: Dong Zhi , Li Linbo , Wu Bing , Zhao Xiangmo
Published: June 2018

Using data from a revealed preference survey conducted in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) urban agglomeration of China, two sets of latent attitudinal variables, hypothesised to affect cumulative mode choices, were generated through factor analysis. A fractional multinomial logit model was adopted to estimate the allocation of trips across three main intercity modes over the previous year. The results showed that intercity business travellers would use a certain mode more frequently if they considered it to be the most convenient and reliable. In addition, the general attitudinal factors ‘travel utility’ and ‘car affinity’ were found to affect positively the proportions of annual intercity high-speed train trips and car trips, respectively. Business travellers with a fun-oriented attitude were found more likely to take an intercity bus, whereas those under travel pressure or holding an overall positive perception towards intercity travel would use an intercity bus less. Car ownership and city type were also found to be impact factors. Based on the results of the study, attitudinal variables in the full model help to explain the proportions of annual mode trips and some market strategies could be applied to enhance services for intercity business travellers in the YRD urban agglomeration.
Are deceleration numbers a suitable index for road safety?
Authors: Ahmadinejad Mahmoud , Afandizadeh Zargari Shahriar , Jalalkamali Reza
Published: June 2018

The accessibility of advanced technology now provides an opportunity for researchers to resolve road safety problems by analysing violent manoeuvres of vehicles as a surrogate measurement. This study investigated the possibility that the numbers of deceleration records of sample vehicles (deceleration numbers) could be used as a surrogate measurement for crash data in road safety analyses. To this end, deceleration numbers at different intensities were obtained through real-time data (at 1 s intervals) from smartphone sensors. The correlation between deceleration numbers (at different intensities) was then examined based on valid safety parameters (crash rate, crash frequency, crashes involving fatality or injury and damage-only crashes). The results demonstrated a substantial correlation between the empirical Bayesian parameter and deceleration numbers. The Spearman correlation coefficient between the two parameters was 0·794 (at a very high significance level), which is notable from a statistical perspective.
Support vector machine model for prediction of accidents on non-urban sections of highways
Authors: Singh Gyanendra , Sachdeva Som Nath , Pal Mahesh
Published: June 2018

A support vector machine (SVM) model is proposed for accident prediction on non-urban sections of highways as an alternative to conventionally used fixed-effect or random-effect negative binomial (FENB/RENB) regression models. Road accident data over a period of 8 years on different sections of eight highways in India were collected from police records. In addition, data relating to road geometry, traffic and road environment related variables were collected through field studies. A total of 222 data points was gathered by dividing highways into sections with certain uniform geometric characteristics. Two modelling approaches were used (RENB and SVM models) to predict accident frequencies. The results showed encouraging performance of the SVM model in comparison with the RENB model in terms of both the correlation coefficient and root mean square error values. The SVM, originating from statistical learning theory, can better solve over-fitting and local minima problems and the results indicate that this approach can effectively be used as an alternative to the RENB approach if the sole aim is to predict crashes. The results clearly indicate that, to improve safety on Indian highways, minor access roads to highways and service roads need to be properly designed and controlled and the dispersion of speeds needs to be reduced.
Failure modes and mechanisms of pavements in saline foundations
Authors: Zhang Jun , Weng Xingzhong , Qu Bo , Liu Junzhong , Yang Bohan , Li Yifeng
Published: June 2018

Saline soil causes problems for the construction of airfield pavements and results in some pavement failure modes that are different from or more serious than failure modes in non-saline soil. Through an investigation of several typical airports in China, the failure modes of airfield pavements were determined in this study as mainly blow-ups, faulting, slab cracking and black spots. These failures are mainly attributed to the subgrade course, cement-stabilising aggregate base course (CSABC) and concrete surface course subjected to different levels of sulfate and chloride attack. Salt-heaving experiments were conducted for the subgrade and base courses, while salt corrosion experiments were performed for the surface course. The results indicate that the salt-heaving pressure of soils not only increases with an increase in dry density of the soil and the content of sodium sulfate, but also varies with water content and reaches a maximum value at the optimum soil moisture. The compressive strength of the CSABC was found to increase first and then decrease as the contents of sulfate and chloride salt reached threshold contents of 0·3% and 0·2%, respectively. In addition, the impacts of sulfates on the flexural strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity and mass loss of concrete were found to be proportional to sulfate content.
Examining failure rate dynamics to estimate capacity of bus rapid transit system corridor
Authors: Kathuria Ankit , Sekhar Chalumuri Ravi , Parida Manoranjan
Published: June 2018

Bus transit capacities are of two types: operational capacity (OC) and maximum capacity (MC). The OC is estimated based on the empirical failure rate (FR), whereas the MC is estimated considering a 25% maximum FR. The hypothesis of this study is that the maximum FR for a bus rapid transit system (BRTS) station would be more than 25%. The OC for a corridor of the BRTS in Ahmedabad, India was first estimated and then, to test the hypothesis, the Vissim microsimulation tool was used for evaluating two stages. Based on the simulation results, a maximum FR of 29% for a BRTS station with two loading areas is proposed. Apart from proposing the maximum FR, the paper also provides revised level-of-service ranges based on the FR for two loading areas at a BRTS station.
Analytical geometric design of bicycle paths
Authors: Ul-Abdin Zain , Rajper Sarmad Zaman , Schotte Ken , De Winne Pieter , De Backer Hans
Published: June 2018

An advanced design classification system for bicycle paths, based on geometric features and force equilibrium, can pave the way for improved bicycle safety, accident prevention and the development of design guidelines. A design and classification system does exist for bicycle paths, but the number of accidents has led to ambivalence about its validity and effectiveness. In addition, a universally accepted classification system has not yet been approved or adopted. This paper presents a unique set of design parameters, analytically developed based on formulas that consider the physical characteristics and dimensions of individual bicycles. The proposed design system is based on theoretical trigonometric derivations. The model was validated with the real-world geometry of the transportation infrastructure of the city of Antwerp, Belgium. The conclusions of this study are useful for evaluating the effectiveness of bicycle paths during the design stage without the necessity for real-world experiments. The results will thus be valuable for stakeholders working on policy frameworks, bicycle safety and riding comfort.
Extending Cityringen – the challenges involved
Authors: Saltmarsh Russell , Martini Neil
Published: June 2018

In 2011 a contract was signed for the construction of Copenhagen's new metro line, Cityringen, which will connect 17 new underground stations in and around the centre of Copenhagen. To assist with the development of the city it was decided in 2012 and 2014 to add branches to Cityringen connecting the city centre with north and south harbour areas, respectively. This required the introduction of bifurcations to connect the branches to Cityringen tunnels. The bifurcations were made with the substantial modification of a shaft at Øster Søgade and the introduction of a new shaft, Havneholmen. This paper outlines both engineering and logistical challenges introduced by these changes, from the construction of a 35 m deep shaft around existing stacked tunnels adjacent to an operational railway line to how the closing tunnels for the construction of the shaft impacted the tunnel installations and the overall time schedule, plus numerous other issues.
Drain covers and door steps: decision making and the co-creation of future cities
Authors: Powell Mark , Glendinning Stephanie , Dawson Richard
Published: June 2018

Improved travel infrastructure and social, economic and political uncertainty will make cities of the future ever more cosmopolitan in character. City dwellers will have varied cultural backgrounds and contradictory ideas of how to live, work and inhabit urban environments. Civil engineers will need to understand the future aspirations and desires of urbanites, while challenging unrealistic expectations that undermine the viability of new engineering initiatives. This paper showcases a decision theatre research methodology to reveal how urban inhabitants engage with the built environment and access infrastructure. Adopting a research-through-engagement approach, the authors provide new insights into how urban environments are experienced and understood at both local and systemic scales by city stakeholders. Interrogating this empirical data, the authors illustrate how inhabitants with localised urban experiences may make demands on the built environment that appear illogical to civil engineers applying more systemic framings. The paper suggests that civil engineering solutions to population growth and climate change will require urban dwellers to change how they imagine, act and live within cities. It also advocates that civil engineers need to reframe their views of urban life, by investing in collaborative and co-creative decision-making partnerships with the inhabitants of these future cities.
GENÇ TENİSÇİLERDE SPORA ÖZGÜ BAŞARI MOTİVASYON DÜZEYİNİN MÜSABAKA PERFORMANSI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: AYDOĞDU Ceylan , ŞAHAN Asuman , ERDEM K. Alparslan
Published: June 2018

Sporda başarıyı etkileyen

birçok faktör vardır. Bu faktörlerden birisi de motivasyondur. Çalışmanın

amacı; genç tenis oyuncularının spora özgü başarı motivasyon düzeylerinin tenis

turnuva performansı üzerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya 14-18 yaş arası,

Antalya ilinde 3 farklı tenis kulübünde aktif olarak tenis sporu yapan 61 genç

sporcu (36 erkek, 25 kadın) gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Tüm katılımcılara

kişisel bilgilerini ve derece yaptıkları turnuva bilgilerini içeren kişisel

bilgi formu uygulanmıştır. Tenisçilerin başarı motivasyonunu ölçmek için Willis

tarafından 1982 yılında geliştirilen Spora Özgü Başarı Motivasyonu Ölçeği

(SÖBMÖ) kullanılmıştır. SÖBMÖ iki alt boyuttan oluşmaktadır. Bu alt boyutlardan

ilki Güç Gösterme Güdüsü (GGG),  ikincisi

başarıya ilişkin güdülerdir. Ölçekten elde edilen puanlar cinsiyete ve

müsabakalarda başarı elde etme durumlarına göre karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç

olarak SÖBMÖ alt boyutlarından olan GGG’nün genç tenisçilerin müsabaka kazanarak

üst sıralarda yer almasını etkileyen bir faktör olduğu belirlenmiştir. 
DİL PARTNERLİĞİ (TANDEM) YÖNTEMİNİN TÜRKÇE ÖĞRETMENİ ADAYLARININ KÜLTÜREL ZEKÂLARINA ETKİSİ: KARMA YÖNTEMLİ BİR YAKLAŞIM
Authors: ŞENGÜL Kübra
Published: June 2018

Bu çalışmada dil partnerliğinin Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının
kültürel zekâlarını geliştireceğinden hareketle hem nicel hem nitel
yaklaşımların bir arada olduğu karma yöntem kullanılarak öğretmen adaylarının
kültürel zekâlarının nasıl bir ivme kazandığı araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada
nicel veri toplama aracı olarak Ang, Van Dyne, Koh, Ng, Templer, Tay ve
Chandrasekar (2007) tarafından geliştirilen, İlhan ve Çetin (2014) tarafından
ise Türkçeye geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmasının yapıldığı Kültürel Zekâ Ölçeği
kullanılmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarının araştırmanın başında benzer kültürel
zekâya sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın nitel verileri ise odak
grup görüşmeleriyle toplanmış, her iki yöntemle toplanan veriler çalışmanın
sonunda birleştirilerek kapsamlı bir yorumlamaya gidilmiştir. Araştırma
sonucunda, farklı dil ve kültüre sahip öğrencilerle dil partnerliği sürecine
giren Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının, farklı kültürel özelliklere sahip bireylere
yönelik önyargılı bir tutumdan kurtuldukları, farklı kültürden gelen bireylerle
daha olumlu bir iletişim yolunu tercih etmeye başladıkları ve öntest sontest
puanları karşılaştırıldığında kültürel zekâ puanlarının sontest lehine anlamı
oranda farklılaştığı tespit edilmiştir.
YENİDOĞAN İŞİTME TARAMA PROGRAMLARININ İŞİTME KAYBININ TANI, CİHAZLANMA VE EĞİTİME BAŞLAMA YAŞINA ETKİSİ
Authors: TURAN Zerrin
Published: June 2018

Doğuştan gelen işitme kaybının kişi üzerinde yaratacağı olumsuz

etkileri azaltmak veya ortadan kaldırmak için erken tanı, cihazlanma ve

eğitimin önemi kabul edilmiş durumdadır. Günümüzde erken tanı ve müdahale

denildiğinde belirlenen standart bebeğin doğumdan sonraki 3 ay içinde tanı

sürecinin tamamlanması; 6 aylık olduğunda da aile merkezli programlarda

eğitiminin başlamasıdır. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmek üzere dünyanın birçok

ülkesinde yenidoğan işitme tarama programları uygulanmaktadır. Bu derleme

çalışmasında yenidoğan işitme tarama programlarına ilişkin bilgi verilerek

Türkiye’deki yenidoğan işitme tarama programının bebeklerin tanılama,

cihazlandırma ve aile eğitimine başlama yaşları üzerindeki etkileri

özetlenmiştir. Ülkemizde bu alanda yapılan araştırmalar incelendiğinde

yenidoğan işitme tarama programıyla tanı yaşının önceki yıllara göre önemli

ölçüde aşağı çekildiği, ancak cihazlanma ve eğitime başlama yaşına dair bir

kanıya ulaşmak için araştırma bulgularının sınırlı olduğun gözlenmektedir.
ANKETLERDE DERECELEME TÜRÜ TEPKİ KATEGORİLERİNİN YANITLAYICILAR TARAFINDAN ALGILANMA BİÇİMLERİ
Authors: BAĞCAN BÜYÜKTURAN Esin
Published: June 2018

Anketler, sosyal bilimler

araştırmalarında yaygın olarak kullanılan; kısa zamanda çok sayıda

yanıtlayıcıya ulaşabilme imkânı tanıyan, hazırlanması ve puanlanması kolay olan

ölçme araçlarıdır. Ancak anket geliştirirken araştırmacıların gözden kaçırdığı

bazı noktalar, araştırma sonuçlarını olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Anketlerin

hazırlanması aşamasında üzerinde durulması gereken önemli noktalardan biri

tepki kategorilerinin net, herkes tarafından aynı anlama gelen, örtüşmeyen

ifadelerden oluşmasıdır. Tarama modelinde yürütülen bu çalışmada anket

maddelerinin tepki kategorilerinde yaygın olarak kullanılan; sıklık, zaman,

miktar ve mesafe bildiren ifadelerin yanıtlayıcılar tarafından nasıl

algılandığını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda yanıtlayıcılara

anlamca kapalı olan; “nadiren”, “çok uzak”, “az”  gibi derecelendirme sözcükleri ile

oluşturulmuş tepki kategorileri içeren bir anket, daha sonra da sayısal olarak

derecelendirilmiş tepki kategorileri içeren ikinci bir anket verilmiştir.

Yanıtlayıcıların ilk ankette verdiği yanıtlar ile ikinci ankette verdiği

yanıtların frekansları sayılarak çapraz tablolar ile eşleştirilmiş, kategoriler

arası uyuma Kappa istatistiği ile bakılmıştır. böylece yanıtlayıcıların ilk

ankette verilen tepki kategorilerine sayısal olarak yükledikleri anlamlar

ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları yanıtlayıcıların sayısal

olarak ifade edilmeyen, “nadiren”, “çok uzak”, “az” gibi ifadeleri

birbirlerinden farklı algıladıklarını göstermektedir. Yanıtlayıcılar zamanı,

sıklığı, miktarları ve mesafeleri birbirlerinden farklı nitelendirdikleri için

ölçme araçlarında kişiden kişiye göre değişebilecek ifadelerin yer alması

sonuçların objektifliğine zarar verecektir. Bunu engellemek için olabildiğince

net, herkes için aynı anlama gelen ve mümkünse sayısallaştırılmış tepki

kategorilerine yer verilmesi önerilebilir.
EĞİTİM BİLİMLERİ ALANINDAKİ LİSANSÜSTÜ TEZLERDE VARSAYIM KULLANIMI
Authors: BAŞMAN Münevver , ULUMAN Müge , TUNÇ Emine Burcu
Published: June 2018

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Eğitim Bilimleri alanında yayınlanmış,

lisansüstü tezlerin, ilgili istatistiksel analize dayalı olarak, sahip

oldukları varsayımların test edilme durumlarının değerlendirilmesidir. Betimsel

araştırma modelinde olan bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de 2015, 2016 ve 2017 (Eylül

ayına kadar) yıllarında Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüleri tarafından yayınlanmış ve

Ulusal Tez Merkezi üzerinden erişimine izin verilmiş 95 lisansüstü tez

incelenmiştir. Araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan tez inceleme formu ile

toplanan veriler frekans ve yüzde değerlerinden yararlanarak analiz edilmiştir.

Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda istatistiksel analizlerin gereği olan

varsayımların yeterli derecede incelenmediği görülmüştür. Özellikle normallik,

varyans homojenliği ve doğrusal ilişki varsayımlarının daha az sayıda eksiksiz

ve doğru şekilde test edildiği, diğer taraftan örneklem büyüklüğü varsayımının

diğer varsayımlara göre daha fazla sayıda eksiksiz ve doğru şekilde test

edildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. 
A new targeted capture method using bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries as baits for sequencing relatively large genes v1
Authors: Koganebuchi Kae
Published: June 2018

To analyze a specific genome region using next-generation sequencing technologies, the enrichment of DNA libraries with targeted capture methods has been standardized. For enrichment of mitochondrial genome, a previous study developed an original targeted capture method that use baits constructed from long-range polymerase chain reaction(PCR) amplicons, common laboratory reagents, and equipment. In this protocol, a new targeted capture method is presented, that of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) double capture (BDC), modifying the previous method, but using BAC libraries as baits for sequencing a relatively large gene.
Concentrating Viruses by Tangential Flow Filtration v4
Authors: W Wilhelm Steven , R Coy Samantha , Alsante Alyssa
Published: June 2018

Ultracentrifugation in the WX Ultra Series can support only 30 mL samples at a time, and therefore do not significantly concentrate viruses. Tangential flow filtration enables viral concentration of large volumes that can then be purified using sucrose density gradients. Contact Dr. Steven Wilhelm (wilhelm@utk.edu) or Samantha Coy (srose16@vols.utk.edu) for additional information regarding this protocol.
Evaluation of quality of life in patients treated for colorectal cancer at the University Hospital Trnava
Authors: Ilievová Ľubica , Bobáková Martina , Ryska Miroslav
Published: June 2018

Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate quality of life (QoL) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) during complex treatment using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CR29 questionnaires and to implement routine QoL assessment into our practice.

Methods: 30 patients diagnosed with CRC at the Department of Surgery, Faculty Hospital Trnava, Slovakia were included in the study between May 2014 and April 2015. QoL was assessed using EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CR29 questionnaires before surgery and 1 month after surgery. Data are presented as means, and a paired t-test and independent t-test were used for statistical analysis.

Results: A significant correlation between the type of treatment and QoL was identified in the cohort. A trend to lower QoL was observed in patients with completed neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and after surgery with stoma formation. The QoL was also affected by the age and gender of the patients.

Conclusion: QoL assessment provides important outcomes reflecting the consequences of particular therapeutic modality in patients with CRC. The worse effect of neoadjuvant CRT and stoma formation was shown in our study in comparison to radical resection with adjuvant chemotherapy.
Shifting the Historical Lens: Early Economic Empowerment Among African Americans
Authors: Burwell N. Yolanda
Published: June 2018

The use of economic clout by poor and middle class African Americans to secure social work professionals and foster social change is the subject of a historical case study. By collecting pennies, nickels and dimes from “friends,” African Americans paid the salaries and expenses of the first “colored” workers in public welfare agencies in segregated and predominately rural North Carolina. One African American social worker was identified in the state in 1925. Four years later, twenty six African American social workers were employed in county welfare offices.

This study concludes with urging a “raised consciousness” about people of color who act in their own self-interest in small, but significant ways. Social work educators are urged to teach students about people of color as “philanthropists and economic producers.”
Minority Content in Undergraduate Social Work Curricula
Authors: Aguilar Gloria Duran
Published: June 2018

A content analysis of 486 syllabi from 110 baccalaureate social work programs was conducted to assess the extent of minority content in undergraduate social work curricula.

Programs were requested to submit syllabi for required courses in the Human Behavior and the Social Environment, Research, and Policy foundation areas, as well as courses specifically focusing on minority groups. Findings indicate that content on women and women's issues is highly integrated across the curriculum, but content on racial/ethnic minorities does not appear to be as integrated into the curriculum. In particular, scant attention is being paid to minorities in the Research foundation.
Minding the Media and Analyzing the Agenda: Teaching Critical Thinking Skills to Social Work Undergraduates
Authors: Hawkins Catherine
Published: June 2018

Although most students rely on the media as a primary source of information, many of them may lack the reasoning ability to make intelligent decisions about its form or content. When there is a decrease in the cognitive complexity of the reasoning process, there is a propensity toward stereotyping and prejudice as well as cynicism and despair. As social work educators, we must teach students critical thinking skills so that they become “mindful” of the nature of the media and how it sets the political agenda in this country. We must employ teaching strategies that help students to understand the media and use it effectively, both as consumers and producers of information and images. The mindful reasoning process will empower students to analyze a complex social problem, to construct a reasoned response, and to advocate effectively for humane social welfare policies.
Client Death and the BSW Student: A Report from the Field Experience
Authors: Bembry James X. , Rogers Ogden W.
Published: June 2018

Undergraduate social work students are often placed in field placements; such as nursing homes, hospitals, and mental health centers where they face the potential death of a client This study surveyed 98 Fieldwork Coordinators at accredited B SW programs in the United States.

The study found a large majority of Coordinators (72 percent) reported that their students had experienced the death of a client; most Coordinators (53 percent) did not have a formal program in place to assist students when these incidents occurred; and that they relied on Field Instructors and Seminar instructors to intervene in these incidents. Coordinators also identified a sense of guilt and responsibility as the salient issues for students when they experience the death of a client.

The paper concludes with suggestions as to how programs can be more proactive in helping students cope with these often traumatic incidents.
The Color of the Wrapping Paper: Teaching Cultural Diversity in a Children's Services Course
Authors: Hurd Elisabeth Porter
Published: June 2018

Children are one of society's populations most at risk for harm. It is essential that social workers be educated to work effectively with all children; this demands that they be taught to be culturally sensitive. An approach to incorporating content on cultural diversity intensively throughout a baccalaureate social work course on children's services is described. Course goals, organization, teaching methods and assignments are discussed. One assignment, based on the instructor's own research, requiring students to interview parents of races different than their own is outlined in detail. Student evaluations of the course reveal an increase in the ability to recognize strengths in children and families from various cultural backgrounds.
Nontraditional Students in Social Work: A Diversity Within
Authors: Zosky Diane L. , White Kay B. , Unger Judith , Mills Sandra
Published: June 2018

The demographics of students in higher education have been steadily reflecting an increasingly diverse student population. One of the fastest growing groups in this population is that of nontraditional students, defined by age or life roles. This study utilized focus groups of nontraditional students from three undergraduate social work programs to elicit their identification of the challenges and supports experienced in their return to academia. Analysis of the transcribed comments revealed six major themes. Much of the discussion paralleled the general literature regarding nontraditional students; however, two additional issues regarding conflicting family and parenting demands and consistency versus flexibility from the university system emerged. Universities are challenged to assess their responsiveness to this unique and growing cohort of students.
The Good, the Bad. and the Ugly: A Teaching Innovation to Help Students Develop Cultural Competence
Authors: Messinger Lori
Published: June 2018

Cultural competence in practice requires that social workers critically investigate their own beliefs and biases as they influence interactions with supervisors, co-workers, and clients. The literature on cultural competence and diversity education describes a variety of teaching methods (e.g., passive, reflective, active-learning, and immersion activities) to help social work students develop the skills and knowledge to undertake this critical investigation. This article describes the “Good, Bad, and Ugly” exercise—an innovative, in-class exercise that complements and builds on these teaching methods by having students practice critiquing their writing, and the writing of their peers, for bias and prejudices. Examples of student writing and critique are presented, along with feedback from students and reflections from the instructor. The article also includes the proposed writing assignment, guidelines for students, and suggestions for instructors who want to use the exercise in their courses.

The assignment seemed simple: write a paper about an oppressed population of which you are not a member. After all, we had just spent three weeks discussing discrimination and oppression. Yet, when I am sitting and grading these papers, I am appalled by their widespread use of harmful stereotypes (e.g., “persons with disabilities are either ashamed or angry about their disabilities”) and demeaning attitudes (e.g., “homeless women lack the resources to become better people”). I keep wondering if they remembered that I was actually the person who would be reading their papers! Weren't they listening in class?
Conscious Use of Self: Tuning the Instrument of Social Work Practice with Cultural Competence
Authors: Heydt Margo J. , Sherman Nancy E.
Published: June 2018

The authors provide definitions and describe teaching methods and strategies related to a renewed understanding and development of the concept of “conscious use of self” a term defining the social worker as the “instrument” purposely used to promote change with client systems. The article clarifies how conscious use of self affects the development of an effective helping relationship, the medium through which change occurs in social work practice. Emphasis is placed on integrating cultural competence within students' understanding of conscious use of self as well as applying the concept at both micro- and macrolevels of intervention.
An Alternative Model of Field Instruction for BSW Students
Authors: Kittle Cynthia Blanchard , Gross Carol
Published: June 2018

A modification of the triad model which includes the student, a non-MSW field instructor, and an MSW field instructor, is described. This model uses both group and individual field instruction. The authors describe the functions of field instruction, the use of individual and group field instruction, and current problems in providing MSW field instruction in rural baccalaureate programs. This model combines a social work program faculty member who provided MSW off-site field instruction and a task supervisor within the field placement. The students were positive about the experience of having group as well as individual field instruction in addition to the required senior seminar.
The Influence of Personality Type on the Supervisory Relationship in Field Education
Authors: Dettlaff Alan J.
Published: June 2018

The supervisory relationship between field instructor and student is an essential element of a student's professional development in field education. Although there is a growing body of literature on the supervisory skills and learning activities that contribute to a successful supervisory relationship, little attention has been given to personality variables in field education and how these variables affect that relationship. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of personality type on student and field instructor perceptions of the quality of the supervisory relationship. Results indicate that students who shared certain personality types with their field instructor rated the overall quality of their relationship significantly higher than those who did not share those personality types with their field instructor. Results were similar for field instructors placed with students of differing personality types. Results suggest that the supervisory relationship can be enhanced by recognizing and responding to personality differences. Recommendations are provided for working effectively with students of differing personality types.
Online Versus Classroom-Based Instruction: A Comparative Study of Learning Outcomes in a Diversity Course
Authors: Hylton Mary E.
Published: June 2018

This study compares the learning outcomes of a traditional, classroom-based course and an online section of the same course on the attitudes and knowledge students have regarding gay men and lesbians. The study was conducted in two sections of an undergraduate social work course entitled lesbian and gay lives. The study found that online and traditional teaching modalities were equally effective in achieving course objectives. Students in both sections had more favorable attitudes towards lesbians and gay men at the conclusion of the course than they did at the start of the course. Implications of online teaching for social work education and recommendations for further research are presented.
Intergenerational and Diverse Oral History: Pedagogical Connections and Outcomes for BSW HBSE Courses
Authors: Diepstra Stephene A. , Ames Natalie
Published: June 2018

This article reports on a study of the outcomes of an oral history project conducted in Human Behavior in the Social Environment (HBSE) courses in two BSW programs. Participating students reported that the project increased their perceived levels of ability to work with older adults and helped them meet HBSE learning objectives. Participation in the project did not appear to significantly increase interest in working with older adults after graduation nor did it positively change students' attitudes about older adults.
Using Distance Education to Connect Diverse Communities, Colleges, and Students
Authors: Neuman Karen
Published: June 2018

This article describes the innovative use of interactive television (ITV) to team teach an introductory social work course between an accredited BSW program at a four-year university and a community college. The project's goals were to (1) enhance students' use of learning technologies, (2) strengthen the linkage between the institutions and the suburban and urban communities, (3) increase student interaction with diverse groups and communities, and (4) support community college students in their plans to matriculate to a four-year institution. Statistically significant findings were obtained with respect to students' use of technology, willingness to interact with other diverse groups, and intentions to progress into a BSW program. Other positive outcomes are also described, such the benefits of this project as a recruiting tool for the BSW program.
Teaching an Elective Online Course in Gerontology: One BSW Program's Experience
Authors: Sidell Nancy L.
Published: June 2018

This article describes the experience of one rural social work program's experience in developing and teaching an online elective gerontology course. The junior-level course, originally developed as part of an interdisciplinary minor in gerontology in 2000, was taught twice in the traditional classroom. In an effort to increase interest and enrollment, it was developed into an online learning format. It is now offered annually and boasts substantial enrollment increases. This article describes online, explicates the the experience from having offered the course twice course content, and evaluates the course from both the student and the instructor's experience.
Exploring Aging through Intergenerational and Cross-Cultural Narratives
Authors: Patterson Fiona M.
Published: June 2018

The use of intergenerational and cross-cultural narratives in undergraduate social work courses is introduced, illustrated, and discussed. The focus is on material to excite and broaden the knowledge base of students by introducing cultures and an age group with whom they may not be familiar. Another goal is to present the richness and wisdom of stories that elders from various ethnicities have to tell in order to overcome stereotypes of aging and promote positive intergenerational relationships on a personal and professional level. For practice, policy, and Human Behavior in the Social Environment courses, examples are given of readings, films, a song, and specific assignments.
Assessing Skills, Attitudes, and Knowledge in Gerontology: The Results of an Infused Curriculum Project
Authors: Bell Sally Alonzo , Rawlings Mary , Johnson Barbara
Published: June 2018

As the population of the United States continues to shift to unprecedented numbers of older adults, the demand for competent geriatric social workers at the Bachelor of Social Work (BSW) level will soon be at crisis point. The outcomes of a study on the impact of BSW student exposure to an infused gerontology social work curriculum on students' skills, attitudes, knowledge, and career choice to work with older adults are reported. Results indicate that students' gerontology skill level in the postcurriculum group was significantly higher than in the precurriculum group. Attitudes toward older adults, however, appeared more difficult to impact. Knowledge regarding older adults did increase in the right direction for all student groups as their exposure to the infused curriculum increased. While overall interest in working with older adults did not increase, more students in the second year of the project requested field internships with older adults. This project was conducted as part of a John A. Hartford Foundation Geriatric Enrichment Grant.
“Betty Is Someone I Will Never Forget”: An Experiential Learning Model with Older Adults
Authors: Downey Eleanor Pepi , Miles Brenda Kay
Published: June 2018

An introductory-level practice course for undergraduate social work students that focused on interviewing and professional relationship-building skills made use of its existing course structure and content to incorporate and infuse increasingly more gerontology content over the last several years. Based on an experiential learning and constructivist educational model, social work students develop an appreciation for and acquire knowledge about older members of society through one-on-one relationships. The course provides isolated individuals with support and companionship and the opportunity to contribute to the growth and development of the next generation of social workers. The article will discuss the course structure and content, theoretical learning model, and reactions of students who have completed the course over the last five years.
Social Work Students' Perceptions of Field Agency and School Response to the Terrorist Attacks of September 11, 2001
Authors: Knight Carolyn
Published: June 2018

This article reports on a study of social work students' reactions to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and their perceptions and evaluations of any initiatives their social work program and field placement agency undertook in the wake of the attacks. A majority of students reported that class time was devoted to a discussion of the attacks and that their school or program provided an opportunity for students to discuss their feelings. Fewer reported that their agency provided assistance to them, staff, or clients. While the participants valued such assistance, findings regarding the impact that this had on students' level of distress indicate that in some instances, agency and school intervention actually increased students' stress.
Developing Aging-Rich Field Practica in Rural Areas: Challenges and Strategies
Authors: Sidell Nancy L.
Published: June 2018

Challenges to enriching social work field practica experienced by GeroRich-funded BSW and MSW programs located in rural areas were identified through a qualitative analysis of data collected at the end of years two and three of project funding. Programs perceived a moderate increase in the amount of student exposure to gerontological content in field education settings during the funding cycle. Five challenges to creating gerontology-rich field experiences were identified: faculty constraints, a limited number of field sites, lack of professionally prepared (or MSW) field supervisors in aging-rich field sites, student issues, and lack of continued funding. Strategies useful in addressing these challenges are explored, as are implications for programs interested in increasing aging-rich field education opportunities.
Understanding Globalization through Short-Term International Field Experiences
Authors: Barbera Rosemary A.
Published: June 2018

The process of globalization is contested terrain across the globe. Social work practice is affected by this process, since globalization has led to a widening of the gap between rich and poor and has increased the number of people living in poverty. Social workers must understand economic globalization in order to be able to contest its effects on our personal and professional lives. This article examines the process of economic globalization. It offers a case example of a short-term international field program, the Sin Fronteras Chile Project, which shows how social work education in the United States can help prepare social workers to be actors in a world affected by economic globalization. It also offers recommendations for strengthening undergraduate social work education, based on students' experiences with Sin Fronteras.
Social Work Education: Implications for Working with the Transgender Community
Authors: Erich Stephen “Arch” , Boutté-Queen Needha , Donnelly Sandra , Tittsworth Josephine
Published: June 2018

This paper examines the implications of social work education upon licensed social workers' desire, knowledge, and competency to work with members of the transgender community. Data were collected from 150 randomly selected licensed social workers from a southern state. The results suggest that 1) it is not the norm for social workers to receive educational content regarding the transgender community and 2) the presence of educational content was associated with a stronger desire to work with this population, more knowledge of the transgender community, and greater perceptions of competency to work with the transgender community. The results of this exploratory study suggest that educational content regarding the transgender community should be an integral part of the curricula provided by baccalaureate social work programs.
Developing Student Competence in Policy Practice through Policy Projects in Human Service Organizations
Authors: Droppa David C.
Published: June 2018

Concerned that students were not developing sufficient competence in policy practice in a BSW social policy course, the author required them to undertake policy practice projects in partnership with human service organizations. Using the political engagement module, part of the Cedar Crest College Democratic Academy project, students in the course partnered with a community organization or political entity to work on a policy project at one of three levels: organizational, community, or legislative. This pedagogical strategy was piloted, revised, and evaluated by the author over three academic years, with nineteen students and seventeen projects in fourteen organizations. Outcomes were evaluated through student focus groups and postproject printed surveys of students and organization partners. The author discusses how the organizations were selected, the types of projects undertaken, the results of the projects, and the outcomes of the three-year study. Advantages of this pedagogy are presented, along with recommendations for teaching and research.
Assessment of Social Work Program Outcomes: The Baccalaureate Educational Assessment Project
Authors: Rodenhiser Roy W. , Buchan Victoria V. , Hull Grafton H. , Smith Marshall , Pike Cathy , Rogers John
Published: June 2018

This article describes the use of the Baccalaureate Educational Assessment Project (BEAP) to assist programs and faculty in meeting the challenging tasks of assessing program outcomes. The BEAP is a package of evaluation instruments that help social work programs assess student outcomes, as required by Council on Social Work Education accreditation standards. The article discusses the evolution of the BEAP model and considers its relevance in helping social work programs assess student outcomes. An overview of some of the data available to programs is provided along with a description of how these may be used for program assessment. The article concludes by describing how programs can become involved in using the BEAP and discussing future considerations.
Graduate and Undergraduate Field Placements in Child Welfare: Is There A Difference?
Authors: Alperin Diane Elias
Published: June 2018

A continuing theme in social work education has been on defining the educational continuum between BSW and MSW degrees. While some authors have focused on the existence of continuity or discontinuity in the curriculum, recent research studies have identified similarities and differences in graduate and undergraduate field placements. Both social work education and the profession of social work have recently focused their attention on the field of child welfare, in an effort to attract more professional social workers to the field. Part of this effort has resulted in a “New Partnership Initiative” between social service departments and social work educators to aid in the reprofessionalization of public social services. The current study was undertaken, in part, to gather information on undergraduate and graduate field placements in child welfare in one state with such a partnership agreement.
Students and Faculty as Co-Teachers: Processes of Self-Efficacy and Educational Empowerment
Authors: Lazzari Marceline M. , Banman Nancy A. , Jackson Robert L.
Published: June 2018

When students and faculty share teaching roles and responsibilities, an innovative and challenging learning environment emerges. This paper presents findings from a qualitative research study that sought to explicate the meaning of co-teaching from the perspectives of student co-teachers. Thirty-six undergraduate social work students were interviewed. Student co-teachers reported that their social work education, knowledge, values, and skills were positively affected and their relationships with faculty and students enhanced. The data hold relevance for all social work educators who are interested in creating learning opportunities that more closely replicate the world of practice. In so doing, it appears that processes of self-efficacy and educational empowerment become reciprocally engaged and result in personal/professional experiences that expand the boundaries of traditional educational approaches.
Homophobia Among Students in Social Work Programs
Authors: Black Beverly , Oles Thomas , Moore Linda
Published: June 2018

This article presents the results of a study examining students' levels of homophobia and changes in these levels at various points in the social work curriculum. The study found that social work courses exert a weak but positive influence on students' attitudes toward lesbians and gay men. The level of homophobia expressed by students significantly varied by gender and race. Major course of study in school did not significantly influence levels of homophobia. Students in all classes reported the highest levels of homophobia on statements related to sexuality and the lowest levels of homophobia on statements related to civil rights. Implications for social work education are also discussed.