bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reporte de Caso Clínico: Migración de cálculo dificultoso
Authors: Petracchi Enrique , Merchán del Hierro Pablo , Rocco Lucia , Canullan Carlos
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Common bile duct lithiasis is a pathology with a high rate of migration of small stones to the duodenum. However, asymptomatic migration of stones larger than 1cm (macrolithiasis) is atypical. We present a case of migration of a macrocalculus located in the middle of the common bile duct. CASE REPORTS: We present the case of a 27-years-old man, who consulted for postprandial epigastric pain, that started 4 months ago. Abdominal ultrasound showed biliary sludge and common bile duct macrocalculus, with Cholangio-MRI the diagnosis was confirmed. A laparoscopic cholecystectomy with intraoperative cholangiography was performed. EVOLUTION: During the laparoscopic cholecystectomy, no stones were evidenced in the intraoperative cholangiograpy. Due to the disagreement between the preoperative IOC images, transcystic instrumentation with a Dormia basket was performed, without stone extraction. The patient had a favorably evolution, without complications due to the stone migration. Postoperative MRC was performed, without evidence of endoluminal images in the bile duct. CONCLUSIONS: Biliary pathology is dynamic, with the possibility of gallstone migration, even for large gallstones and complicated cases. Although ultrasound and MRI have high sensitivy for diagnosis; IOC is essential to diagnose and treat lithiasic pathology, resolving it in a single operating time, avoiding multiple procedures.
DEVELOPING STRATEGIES AND EVALUATION OF HOTS-BASED LEARNING ON THEMATIC LEARNING IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Andrean Seka
Published: November 2021

Education is an important component of a nation. Developed nations must have a good education system. The purpose of this research is to find out how to develop strategies and evaluation of hots-based learning in thematic learning in elementary schools. The method used is the approach of library research through library sources related to learning strategies and evaluations in thematic learning as well as various other literature sources. Then analyzed and presented the findings of the data objectively. The results showed that higher order thinking skills (HOTS) learning carried out by teachers in improving the quality of learning, teachers must design scenarios of the learning process. To support this, it is administratively stated in the Learning Implementation Plan (RPP). A teacher must prepare teaching materials, learning resources, learning media/props, and test instruments to measure students' learning outcomes. The spirit of a HOTS learning is in the core activities. At this stage teachers practice design, models, strategies, and learning methods. There are several learning models that are recommended to be implemented by teachers in the learning process, such as: project-based learning, problem-based learning, problem solving, and inquiry/discovery. In the assessment process must be adjusted to the competency achievement indicators that will be measured using relevant instruments and able to stimulate students' critical thinking ability.
Sám za sebe, a přece fikční: »Možnosti milostného románu« Jana Němce jako autofikce
Authors: FONIOKOVÁ Zuzana
Published: November 2021

Studie analyzuje Možnosti milostného románu (2019) Jana Němce jako příklad hybridního módu autofikce. Článek nejprve mapuje proměny autobiografické tvorby i její teoretizace směrem ke zpochybňování čisté faktuálnosti žánru autobiografie a k porušování jeho konvencí, k inkluzívnějšímu pojetí autobiografického vyprávění a k zaměření na narativní utváření Já v autobiografickém procesu. Současnou situaci psaní o vlastním životě odráží mj. obliba autofikcí, které se k osobě autora vztahují prostřednictvím kombinace referenčního a fikčního diskurzu. Studie dále poukazuje na způsoby signalizace faktuálního i fikčního vyprávění v Možnostech milostného románu. Dílo tímto způsobem inscenuje pokus o autobiografickou výpověď a záro- veň komentuje potíže, jež takové snahy nutně doprovází. Ambivalence referenčního rámce je tudíž zásadní součástí rétorické strategie díla.
Terminologia lingwistyki korpusowej w języku czeskim, polskim i słowackim – wybrane problemy
Authors: HEBAL-JEZIERSKA Milena
Published: November 2021

Źródłem terminologii językoznawstwa korpusowego w językach zachodniosłowiańskich jest niewątpliwie język angielski. W każdym z omawianych tu języków mamy do czynienia zarówno z procesem pozyskiwania zapożyczeń oznaczających terminy używane w językoznawstwie korpusowym, jak i próbami tworzenia terminologii opartej na słownictwie rodzimym. Znaczenie terminów jest albo zgodne z pierwotnym znaczeniem, albo zmodyfikowane. W niektórych przypadkach istnieje rozbieżność znaczeń nie tylko na poziomie międzyjęzykowym, ale także w obrębie jednego języka. Wyjaśnienie tego zjawiska nie jest związane z naturą językoznawstwa korpusowego, ale ze specyfiką terminologii.
Krisenmanager oder Übergangshelfer?
Authors: Windscheid Eike
Published: November 2021

Kehren Beschäftigte nach Abwesenheit an ihren Arbeitsplatz zurück, stellt dies oft einen krisenhaften Vorgang dar. Der Weg zurück ist nicht nur kritisch für Betroffene; auch die Arbeitsorganisation vor Ort wird irritiert. Vorgesetzte sind dann gefordert, Auswirkungen zu managen. Da Rückkehrvorgänge nicht immer abschließend betrieblich geregelt sind, ergeben sich Unbestimmtheitszonen, die Führungskräfte füllen müssen. Am Beispiel der betrieblichen Wiedereingliederung nach psychischer Erkrankung wird untersucht, wie Führungskräfte in diesen Unbestimmtheitszonen wirken und welchen Einfluss sie auf die Wiedereingliederung nehmen. Auf Basis von problemzentrierten Interviews mit Führungskräften wird gezeigt, dass sie als Gatekeeper fungieren und sich in einem Spannungsfeld zwischen ökonomischen und sozialen Ansprüchen bewegen. Ob Vorgesetzte stärker als Übergangshelfende für eine gelingende Reintegration sorgen oder sich als arbeitsökonomisch orientierte Krisenmanager erweisen, ist abhängig von organisationalen Rahmenbedingungen und individuellen Einstellungen.
Diversität oder Diskriminierung im Management?
Authors: Vries Lisa de
Published: November 2021

Dieser Beitrag liefert einen Einblick in die bislang wenig untersuchte Arbeitsmarktsituation von lesbischen, schwulen und bisexuellen Führungskräften. Basierend auf Daten des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) wird zunächst mittels deskriptiver Verteilungen (nach Branche, Unternehmensgröße und Arbeitszeit) die Arbeitsmarktsituation von Führungskräften nach sexueller Orientierung und Geschlecht betrachtet. Zusätzlich werden die Daten einer Online-Befragung (LGBielefeld 2019) mit 571 lesbischen, schwulen und bisexuellen Führungskräften verwendet, um Diskriminierung, Outing, emotionales Wohlbefinden und Lebenszufriedenheit dieser Führungskräfte zu untersuchen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen zum einen, dass lesbische, schwule und bisexuelle Führungskräfte von Diskriminierung im Arbeitsleben betroffen sind und nicht immer offen über ihre sexuelle Orientierung am Arbeitsplatz sprechen (können). Zum anderen haben Diskriminierung im Arbeitsleben und der Umgang mit der sexuellen Orientierung am Arbeitsplatz einen Effekt auf die Lebenszufriedenheit und einzelne Dimensionen des emotionalen Wohlbefindens.
Prognose von Schaltzeiten verkehrsabhängiger Lichtsignalanlagen in Deutschland – Herausforderungen und Ansätze
Authors: Hoyer Robert , Schneegans Lena Elisa
Published: November 2021

Zukünftige Fahrerassistenzsysteme sollen situationsgerechte Hinweise zum energie- und emissionssparenden Fahren geben. Hierfür benötigen sie eine Vorausschau auf das Schaltverhalten von Lichtsignalanlagen (LSA). Im Gegensatz zu Festzeitsteuerungen ist diese Aufgabe bei verkehrsabhängigen Steuerungen nicht einfach zu lösen. Durch die Echtzeitanalyse von LSA-Prozessdaten soll auf das zukünftige Schaltverhalten geschlossen werden. Bisherige Verfahren zur Schaltzeitprognose nutzen hauptsächlich statistische Ansätze, welche allerdings nicht unter allen Randbedingungen erfolgreich sind. Daher rücken zunehmend auch KI-basierte Methoden in den Fokus. Der Beitrag gibt hierzu einen Überblick und leitet den zukünftigen Forschungsbedarf ab.
History of positron emission tomography (PET) in Poland
Authors: Cegła Paulina , Piotrowski Tomasz
Published: November 2021

In this short chronological review, we showed the development of positron emission tomography (PET) starting from research on first isotopes through the concepts and prototype of PET machine to the current clinical practice and technological and clinical research. Particular emphasis was placed on a clear description of the milestones of PET development in Poland.
High-resolution capillary electrophoresis for the determination of carbamylated albumin
Authors: Favresse Julien , Delanghe Joris
Published: November 2021

Objectives

Carbamylation is a non-enzymatic post-translational reaction of a primary amino group of a protein with isocyanate. The albumin carbamylation is a negative prognostic factor in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and induce charge difference implying an observed shift in electrophoretic mobility that can be measured through a symmetry factor (SF).

Methods

The Helena V8 and the Sebia Capillarys 2 systems were used for all experiments. The effect of in vitro carbamylation on the SF by spiking increasing concentrations of potassium isocyanate (KCNO) in serum of three healthy volunteers was investigated. Theoretical plate numbers (N) as a surrogate of separation efficiency were also calculated and correlations between SF and renal function biomarkers were performed on 284 patients.

Results

A dose-dependent impact of KCNO on the SF was observed for both methods with the Helena V8 being more sensitive. The mean N was significantly higher on the Helena V8 as compared to the Sebia Capillarys 2 (2,972 vs. 444.1, p<0.0001). The SF correlated significantly with eGFR (r=0.50, p<0.0001), creatinine (r=−0.31, p<0.0001) and urea (r=−0.34, p<0.0001) on the Helena V8. On the Sebia Capillarys 2, a significant correlation was only observed with eGFR (r=0.17, p=0.004). A better discrimination between CKD stages was also observed using the Helena V8.

Conclusions

Thanks to a higher mean N, the Helena V8 might offer new possibilities, including detection of carbamylated albumin through SF calculation. Further studies are still needed to confirm the interest of using this type of assays in clinical routine.
Application of generalized equations of finite difference method to computation of bent isotropic stretched and/or compressed plates of variable stiffness under elastic foundation
Authors: Youssoufa Seydou , Sali Moussa , Njifenjou Abdou , Joseph Nkongho Anyi , Valery Ngayihi Abbe Claude
Published: November 2021

The computation of bent isotropic plates, stretched and/or compressed, is a topic widely explored in the literature from both experimental and numerical point of view. We expose in this work an application of the generalized equations of Finite difference method to that topic. The strength of the proposed method is the ability to reconstruct the approximate solution with respect of eventual discontinuities involved in the investigated function as well as its first and second derivatives, including the right-hand side of the equilibrium equation. It is worth mentioning that by opposition to finite element methods our method needs neither fictitious points nor a special condensation of grid. Well-known benchmarks are used in this work to illustrate the efficiency of our numerical and the high accuracy of calculation as well. A comparison of our results with those available in the literature also shows good agreement.
Conformable differential operators for meromorphically multivalent functions
Authors: Ibrahim Rabha W. , Baleanu Dumitru , Jahangiri Jay M.
Published: November 2021

We define a conformable diff-integral operator for a class of meromorphically multivalent functions. We show that this conformable operator adheres to the semigroup property. We then use the subordination properties to prove inclusion conditions, sufficienrt inclusion conditions and convolution properties for this class of conformable operators.
A prediction method for water enrichment in aquifer based on GIS and coupled AHP–entropy model
Authors: Duan Huijun , Hao Shijun , Feng Jie , Wang Yi , Peng Dong
Published: November 2021

To prevent coal mine water disasters, the main objective of this study is to predict the water enrichment of the main aquifer in a coal mine of China that has been threatened by water inrush. The prediction is carried out using a geographic information system (GIS) and a coupled analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy model. The flushing fluid consumption, burnt rock distribution, sand–shale ratio, and lithology structure index were determined as the main factors controlling the water enrichment of the aquifer. A thematic map of these main factors was constructed using the spatial data analysis functions of GIS and the data from a total of 146 drilling columns and field investigation. The weights of these controlling factors were calculated using the coupled model. A prediction map of the water enrichment of the aquifer was then developed by overlaying the thematic map with the weights of each controlling factor. The degree of water enrichment was finally divided into four levels for easy interpretation, where Level I denotes the highest water enrichment and poses the greatest threat of water disaster.
Critical points approaches to a nonlocal elliptic problem driven by 𝑝(𝑥)-biharmonic operator
Authors: Heidarkhani Shapour , Moradi Shahin , Avci Mustafa
Published: November 2021

Differential equations with variable exponent arise from the nonlinear elasticity theory and the theory of electrorheological fluids.
We study the existence of at least three weak solutions for the nonlocal elliptic problems driven by

p
⁢

(
x
)

p(x)

-biharmonic operator.
Our technical approach is based on variational methods.
Some applications illustrate the obtained results.
We also provide an example in order to illustrate our main abstract results.
We extend and improve some recent results.
The effect of V on the morphology of TiB2 particles in as-cast aluminum composites
Authors: Sun Jing , Wang Fei , Liu Yuwen , Guo Lijie , Wang Haowei
Published: November 2021

This study presents the modification effect of trace vanadium on the in-situ formed TiB2 particles in as-cast aluminum composites. With 0.2 wt.% V addition the morphology of TiB2 was modified from hexagonal platelet or irregular feather-like shape to hexagonal prism or rectangular prism with parallel growth steps along the c-axis. Meanwhile, V rich cores were detected in the center of TiB2 and the exposure of the high-index crystal plane (1101)TiB2 was detected in Al-0.2 wt.%V. Statistical analysis of the particle size and aspect distribution both in commercial Al and Al-0.2 wt.%V was conducted. The elemental distribution and scanning electron microscopy investigation revealed that VB2 may serve as the 2D-nucleus of TiB2 particles. The growth mechanism of TiB2 under the influence of V was explored.
Die Entwicklung des „Steuerstaates“: Ursprung, Aufstieg und Ende eines finanzwirtschaftlichen Fortschrittsparadigmas
Authors: Leipold Alexander , Huhnholz Sebastian
Published: November 2021

For decades, the Schumpeterian tax state was considered the central paradigm of Fiscal Sociology. However, it increasingly fails to meet many of the conceptual challenges of contemporary public finance. To demonstrate this, the paper undertakes a double re-contextualization of the discourse on public finance. Its development is traced back to evolutionary thinking, which Joseph Schumpeter updated around 1918. However, and following the rise of democratic capitalism after 1945, thinking about the tax state became intertwined with economic control. Its socio-political specifics were marginalized. Since the Great Recession of 2008/2009 and widening fiscal crises in advanced capitalist economies, this discursive narrowing has again become the subject of political and economic controversies.
Bound states in the continuum in resonant nanostructures: an overview of engineered materials for tailored applications
Authors: Joseph Shereena , Pandey Saurabh , Sarkar Swagato , Joseph Joby
Published: November 2021

From theoretical model to experimental realization, the bound state in the continuum (BIC) is an emerging area of research interest in the last decade. In the initial years, well-established theoretical frameworks explained the underlying physics for optical BIC modes excited in various symmetrical configurations. Eventually, in the last couple of years, optical-BICs were exploited as a promising tool for experimental realization with advanced nanofabrication techniques for numerous breakthrough applications. Here, we present a review of the evolution of BIC modes in various symmetry and functioning mediums along with their application. More specifically, depending upon the nature of the interacting medium, the excitations of BIC modes are classified into the pure dielectric and lossy plasmonic BICs. The dielectric constituents are again classified as photonic crystal functioning in the subwavelength regime, influenced by the diffraction modes and metasurfaces for interactions far from the diffraction regime. More importantly, engineered functional materials evolved with the pure dielectric medium are explored for hybrid-quasi-BIC modes with huge-quality factors, exhibiting a promising approach to trigger the nanoscale phenomena more efficiently. Similarly, hybrid modes instigated by the photonic and plasmonic constituents can replace the high dissipative losses of metallic components, sustaining the high localization of field and high figure of merit. Further, the discussions are based on the applications of the localized BIC modes and high-quality quasi-BIC resonance traits in the nonlinear harmonic generation, refractometric sensing, imaging, lasing, nanocavities, low loss on-chip communication, and as a photodetector. The topology-controlled beam steering and, chiral sensing has also been briefly discussed.
The crystal structure of N
6,N
6′-di(pyridin-2-yl)-[2,2′-bipyridine]-6,6′-diamine, C20H16N6
Authors: Sun Yue , Yang Tianyu , Wang Wenxiang
Published: November 2021

C20H16N6, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.6623(4) Å, b = 11.8206(5) Å, c = 8.8960(4) Å, β = 91.825(2)°,V = 805.33(7) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0577, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1588, T = 200(2) K.
The Loom Weight, the Spindle Whorl, and the Sword Beater – Evidence of Textile Activity in the Early Neolithic?
Authors: Cheval Carole
Published: November 2021

After the development of an experimental protocol concerning an enigmatic tool rarely recognized archaeologically and potentially used as a sword beater, that is, blades in bone or wood, we were able to establish certain diagnostic criteria. These tools recur in sites in the south of France and Italy, for example, dated to 3023 BC. If our experimental reference work is extended, we may be able to determine which fibers were used for textile production during the Neolithic. This could reveal a virtually unknown field in the prehistoric economy and shed light upon the procurement and the use of plant and animal resources developed by populations living in a period when domestication was just beginning.
Mechanical behaviour of precast prestressed reinforced concrete beam–column joints in elevated station platforms subjected to vertical cyclic loading
Authors: Shi Haiou , Zhao Jinxia , Chen Fangmu , Lin Junjin , Xie Jianhe
Published: November 2021

Precast-reinforced concrete (RC) structures in urban rail transit projects can provide many advantages over their cast-in-place counterparts. However, lessons learned from past earthquakes show that beam-column joints may be a critical point of these structures and can overestimate the mechanical performance under vertical seismic loadings if not properly understood. This paper presents unbonded and bonded prestressed precast RC beam-column joints for elevated station platforms. Prestressed steel strands are used to provide joints with self-centring capacity. The performance of the proposed joints under vertical cyclic loadings is experimentally investigated and compared to that of monolithic joints in this study. The obtained results demonstrate the good properties of the proposed precast joints in terms of bearing capacity, energy dissipation capacity and ductility control. A comparison with a conventional monolithic beam-column joint indicates the better performance against earthquakes of the proposed precast prestressed joints, and the precast joint with symmetric prestressed steel strands in the top and bottom of the beam exhibits better flexural stiffness and energy dissipation capacity.
Thermophysikalische Charakterisierung von Wärmedämmschichten
Authors: Knopp Kevin , Shandy Amir , Winterstein Achim , Arduini Mariacarla , Hemberger Frank , Vidi Stephan , Manara Jochen , Müller Michael , Hartmann Jürgen
Published: November 2021

Die Effizienzsteigerung moderner Gasturbinen erfordert die stetige Anhebung der Betriebstemperatur. Die derzeitigen Brenngastemperaturen liegen mit über 1400 °C signifikant über der kritischen Temperatur der verwendeten Turbinenstähle. Zur Gewährleistung der Betriebssicherheit werden die Turbinenschaufeln neben Aktivkühlung durch Beschichtung mit thermischen Schutzschichten, sogenannten thermal barrier coatings (TBC), geschützt. Da es sich bei den TBC um Keramikschichten handelt, ist für die Erhöhung der Haftfestigkeit das Aufbringen eines Haftvermittlers (Verbindungsschicht) notwendig. Da die Eigenschaften dünner Schichten stark von den Eigenschaften des Bulkmaterials abweichen können und zudem von der Herstellungsmethode beeinflusst werden, ist eine Untersuchung der thermischen und infrarot-optischen Eigenschaften der tatsächlichen Schichtstrukturen unumgänglich, insbesondere im Hochtemperaturbereich. Hierfür wurden Proben des reinen Trägerstahls, des Trägerstahls mit Haftvermittlerschicht und des kompletten Schichtsystems aus Trägerstahl, Haftvermittlerschicht und Wärmedämmschicht verschiedener Dicken hergestellt und mittels Laser-Flash-Methode untersucht. Die Auswertung erfolgte dabei analytisch, ausgehend von der Trägerstahl-Einschichtprobe, über die Zweischicht- und Dreischichtsysteme. Vervollständigt wurden diese Untersuchungen durch infrarot-optische Charakterisierungen, mit denen sich die Wärmeausbreitung durch die Schichtsysteme beschreiben lässt. Zusammen mit den Laser-Flash Messungen erlaubt dies eine spätere Quantifizierung der einzelnen, bei Keramiken auftretenden, Wärmetransportmechanismen.
Basal ganglia infarction and COVID-19 infection in an elderly patient: A case report
Authors: Kamal Manar Ahmed
Published: November 2021

Background

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly worldwide since the first cases were observed in Wuhan, China. Patients with COVID-19 develop multiple neurological symptoms, including headache, disturbed consciousness, and paresthesia, in addition to systemic and respiratory symptoms.

Case presentation

We presented a 57-year-old woman admitted to the emergency department – in December 2020 – with complaints of slurred speech, confusion, and left upper limb weakness after one week of positive nasopharyngeal swab sample SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusions

While the patient had previous comorbidities like hypertension and diabetes, she had no prior history of ischemic stroke or thrombosis, so we conclude that unilateral acute basal ganglia infarction may be a unique neurological manifestation after COVID-19 infection in an elderly patient with previous comorbidities.
Preparation, characterization, and oxygen barrier properties of regenerated cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol blend films
Authors: Zhu Qianqian , Wang Jingjing , Sun Jianzhong , Wang Qianqian
Published: November 2021

The application of cellulose materials for packaging usage has attracted a large amount of attention in recent years. In this study, cellulose was dissolved in a cold NaOH/urea solution. Transparent, strong, and flexible regenerated cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) films were fabricated via a solution blending and casting process. The physicochemical properties of the neat RC films, PVOH films, and RC-PVOH blend films were characterized via scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, tensile tests, gas permeability, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The results of the physicochemical characterizations indicated that the RC-PVOH composite films with various PVOH contents yielded strong properties in terms of optical transparency, thermal stability, mechanical strength, and oxygen barrier performance. The RC-PVOH films with 8% PVOH loading exhibited a peak degradation temperature of 362 °C, a tensile strength of 80.8 MPa ± 0.3 MPa, and an oxygen permeability of 2.40 cm3 x μm/m2 x 24 h x kPa. The RC-PVOH composite films could be a competitive alternative as a packaging material to replace petroleum-based plastics.
Thermal decomposition kinetics of core-shell structured wood-plastic composites: Effect of white mud loadings on the shell layer
Authors: Xian Yu , Wang Cuicui , Wang Ge , Smith Leemiller , Cheng Haitao
Published: November 2021

This study inspected the thermal decomposition kinetics of core-shell structured wood-plastic composite material with white mud loading in the shell. The thermal decomposition was studied via thermogravimetric analysis under nitrogen atmosphere. Experiments were performed at different heating rates of 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 °C/min from ambient temperature to 700 °C. Multivariate linear regression analysis was applied to estimate the activation energy with the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa method, and the thermal aging life equations of composites were obtained as described in ASTM E1877 (2000). The results showed that the combustion characteristic parameters (T5%, Tp1, Tp2, and Tp3) increased at first and then decreased with increased white mud concentration. Accordingly, the average apparent activation energy (Ea) values of thermal decomposition with conversion rates ranging between 20% and 80% were 222 kJ/mol for high-density polyethylene (HDPE) shell layer and the average values of 201, 226, 201, 207, and 223 kJ/mol were achieved with white mud loading of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25% in the shell layer, respectively. There were no remarkable dependencies among them. The service life tf (min) and the service temperature T (K) of the core-shell structured wood-plastic composites were experimentally determined.
DIET AND AWARENESS OF STUDENTS ABOUT HEALTHY EATING
Authors: Andonova A.
Published: November 2021

An important factor influencing human health is food. The improvement of healthy nutrition is one of the leading principles for improving the health of the population. Forming habits for healthy nutrition in children should be realized as a shared responsibility between family, school and society. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An anonymous study was conducted with 100 students aged between 14 and 18 years old, elected at random principle, with the informed consent of their parents. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to know the level of awareness of students about the principles of healthy nutrition and their observance. RESULTS: The study found out that 46% of students know the principles of healthy nutrition, and 26% - partially. Information about healthy nutrition 83% of students receive from family, 48% - from school, 45% - from the Internet, 41% - from television, 38% - from friends. According to their self-assessment, 46% of the respondents know the principles of healthy nutrition, 30% follow them, and 49% strive to follow a healthy diet. According to 40% of students, the principles of healthy nutrition are followed by their families. 16% have lunch in the school canteen every day, 26% bring healthy food from home every day, and 63% do not have breakfast. According to 60% of the respondents, the healthiest foods are fruit and vegetables. According to 68% of students, the most purchased foods outside school canteens are: burger sandwiches, gyros, bakeries, snacks, and beverages: carbonated drinks of world brands, energy drinks, and fruit juices without interest in the content of sugar and preservatives.
Mycetobia obscura Mamaev, 1968—the first records of Mycetobiinae (Diptera, Anisopodidae) from the Baltic States
Authors: Kurina Olavi , Süda Ilmar
Published: November 2021

Mycetobia obscura Mamaev, 1968 and the subfamily Mycetobiinae (Diptera, Anisopodidae) are recorded from Estonia as well as from the Baltic States for the first time. The morphology and biology of the species is briefly discussed and detailed photographs of the general habitus of M. obscura and both the male and female terminalia are provided.
China's economic policy towards Kenya in the second decade of the 21st century
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Polska, Jureńczyk Łukasz
Published: November 2021

The aim of the paper is to present the results of the analysis and evaluation of the economic policy of the People's Republic of China towards Kenya in the second decade of the 21st century. The introduction discusses the basic methodological assumptions of the paper. The first section of the paper synthetically outlines the historical background of economic relations between Kenya and the PRC, and the second section presents a field-specific literature review. The third section of the paper presents Kenya as one of China's economic partners in Africa. The main section of the paper analyses investments and development projects implemented in Kenya by Chinese companies. The core research problem concerns the question whether China's economic policy towards Kenya is beneficial from the point of view of the economic development of the countries involved? The main thesis assumes that this policy increases the development opportunities of all the states. However, it is unsustainable and carries serious risks, especially for Kenya's economic security.
Elektroniczna partycypacja obywatelska jako przedmiot badań
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Polska, Kapsa Izabela
Published: November 2021

Citizens’ electronic participation (civic e-participation) is of interest to both researchers and international organizations, and national and local government institutions. It is related to the influence of modern technologies on civil society and the changes in civil-state relations. Even though it is a relatively new area of scientific research, it is the subject of numerous theoretical reflections and empirical verification. The article aims to systematize knowledge about electronic civic participation as a subject of scientific research. It presents its definition, provides an overview of scientific theories and empirical research conducted in this area.
Phenomenon of Melodic Changes in the late Medieval Notation of Jan Olbracht Gradual on the Example of Antiphon ad Mandatum „Si ego Dominus et Magister”
Authors: Danilewicz Katarzyna
Published: November 2021

The article presents melodic transformations of the antiphon ad Mandatum “Si ego Dominus et Magister” recorded in one of the most valuable Polish monuments of the late Middle Ages, Jan Olbracht Gradual (PL-Kk 43, AKKK). The analysis of transformations was carried out on the basis of comparison with adiastematic notation of the discussed antiphon in Hartker Antiphonary (CH-SGs 390) and its melodic restitution in Graduale Novum. Conducted research led to establishing the identity of the version of the antiphon recorded in Olbracht Gradual and identifying basic differences from versions of the chant noted in older manuscripts, such as changes in the relationship between sounds, the use of larger intervals and change in tonal attribution of the antiphon.
Espacios de formación y comercialización agroecológica: Lecciones aprendidas en la Universidad Central del Ecuador.
Authors: León-Vega Xavier , Pazmiño-Mayorga Jaime , Vivas-Vivas Ramiro , Cepeda-Bastidas Darío
Published: November 2021

Los espacios de comercialización agroecológica se han expandido en el país, debido a la importancia que los productores y consumidores le están dando al origen y la forma de producción de los alimentos. Sin embargo, poco se ha estudiado sobre la interacción entre consumidores y productores en las ferias, y cómo éstas se convierten en espacios de aprendizaje y comercialización para ambos actores. Por ello, se analizó la feria de la Universidad Central del Ecuador, ya que es uno de los pocos casos en el país que es impulsado por un establecimiento educativo. Se emplearon diversas técnicas de recolección de datos, como entrevistas, encuestas y revisión bibliográfica sobre agroecología, mercados agroecológicos, circuitos cortos, redes y comercialización agroecológica. Se aplicaron dos encuestas a los consumidores de la feria. La primera encuesta fue realizada a los consumidores frecuentes en los primeros seis meses de funcionamiento, y la segunda encuesta después de un año, una vez que la feria estaba funcionando regularmente, para corroborar sus preferencias de consumo.

Los principales resultados indican que los consumidores son en su mayoría jóvenes y mujeres, que perciben a los productos agroecológicos como más sanos y naturales, lo cual influye en sus preferencias de compra. Se recomienda para futuras investigaciones de la Universidad profundizar en los roles, conocimientos y procesos de decisión inmersos en el consumo de productos agroecológicos.
The Narodniks and Power: Terror and Will
Authors: Nikulin Alexander
Published: November 2021

Book Review: Mikhail Gefter, Antologija narodnichestva [Anthology of Narodnichestvo] (Saint Petersburg: Nestor-Istoria, 2020) (in Russian).
Zaman pencereli çok ekipli gecikme problemi için yeni matematiksel modeller
Authors: ÖNDER UZUN Gözde , KARA İmdat
Published: November 2021

Gecikme (latency) problemi (GP), gezgin satıcı probleminin (GSP) önemli bir türünü oluşturmaktadır. Problem, bir hareketlinin (kişi, araç, ekip vb.) verilen bir başlangıç noktasından hareket edip tüm müşterileri ziyaret ederek toplam gecikmeyi en küçük yapan Hamilton yolunu veya turunu bulmaktır. Gecikme, bir müşterinin talebinin karşılanıncaya kadar geçen süreyi ifade etmektedir. Zaman pencereli çok ekipli (gezginli) GP (ZPÇGP) ise her biri başlangıç düğümünden başlayıp, tüm müşterilerin belirlenmiş olan en erken ve en geç ziyaret zamanını ifade eden zaman penceresi aralığında talebini karşılayarak, toplam gecikmeyi en küçük yapan k adet turu veya yolu bulmayı amaçlamaktadır. Problem, düğümler arası seyahat gezgine (ekibe, araca) bağlı değil ise homojen, gezgine bağlı ise heterojen ZPÇGP olarak ele alınmaktadır. Kaynaklar incelendiğinde homojen durum için bir matematiksel model ve heterojen durum için de bir matematiksel model olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, homojen ve heterojen durum için, polinom sayıda karar değişkenine ve kısıta sahip, matematiksel modeller önerilmiştir. Kaynaklarda var olan ve bu çalışmada geliştirilmiş olan matematiksel modeller kıyaslama problemleri kullanılarak farklı ekip sayıları için analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar CPU süreleri ve doğrusal programlama gevşetme değerlerinin en iyi değerden oransal sapmaları açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, ZPÇGP için geliştirilen yeni matematiksel modellerin kaynaklarda var olan modellerden her problemde çok daha üstün olduğu görülmüştür.
Farklı lazer kaynak parametrelerinin ileri nesil dual fazlı bir çeliğin mikroyapısal ve mekanik özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri
Authors: ÖZGÜLTEKİN Almıla Gülfem , BAŞER Tanya , TEKELİOĞLU Orkun , TAMER Emin , AYDIN Beyzanur , ALPAY Büşra
Published: November 2021

Lazer kaynak prosesinde uygulanan parametrelerin kaynaklanmış yassı çelik ürün performansı üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesi önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, ağırlıklı olarak otomotiv sektörü tarafından kullanılan ve ülkemizde talebi ithalat ile karşılanmakta olan ileri nesil çift fazlı bir çelik kalitesine farklı lazer kaynak parametreleri uygulanmıştır. 3 kW’lık bir fiber lazer sistemi kullanılarak yassı çelik levhalar alın kaynak yöntemi ile birleştirilmiştir. Bu çelik kalitesi için uygun olabilecek kaynak parametre aralıklarının gözlemlenmesi amacıyla, farklı lazer kaynak parametrelerinin mikroyapı ve mekanik özellikler üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çekme testleri, mikrosertlik ölçümleri ve metalografik çalışmalar gerçekleştirilerek kaynak bölgeleri, ısı tesiri altındaki bölgeler ve esas metal incelenmiştir. Lazer kaynak denemelerinin ikisinde tam kaynak nüfuziyetinin ve esas metalden yüksek akma ve çekme mukavemetinin sağlandığı levha çiftleri üretilebilmiştir. Diğer deneylerde, mikroyapısal inceleme bulguları mekanik performans sonuçlarını güçlü destekler biçimde, sert faz miktarı ve iç yapıda tane inceliğinin gevrek kırılma olgusunu tetiklediği görülmüştür. Sonuçlar lazer kaynak proses parametreleri ile ilişkilendirilmiş, optimum prosese yönelik parametre aralığı izlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, lazer gücü ve lazer ilerleme hızının ve böylece toplam ısı girdisinin iyi kalite kaynak eldesi için optimize edilmesi gereken kritik parametreler olduğu doğrulanmıştır.
Toz yatak füzyon birleştirme eklemeli imalatta kusur tespiti için öğrenme aktarımı kullanan derin öğrenme tabanlı bir yaklaşım
Authors: DUMAN Burhan , ÖZSOY Koray
Published: November 2021

Günümüzde toz yatak füzyon birleştirme (TYB) metal eklemeli imalat, karmaşık geometrili parça imalatında sıklıkla tercih edilmesine rağmen, parça imalat süreçlerinin gerçek zamanlı izlenmesi yeterli düzeyde değildir. Bu nedenle makine kontrol sistemi büyük ölçüde açık döngü olarak kalmaktadır. Bazı metal eklemeli imalat makineleri toz yatağının izlenmesini görüntülerle sunarken, toz yatağı katmanında oluşabilecek kusurların otomatik tespiti ve kontrol sistemini uyarıcı yeteneğinin olduğuna rastlanmamıştır. Çalışmada, herhangi bir TYB metal eklemeli imalat makinesinde gerçek zamanlı kontrol sisteminin bir bileşeni olma potansiyeline sahip toz yatağı görüntülerinin yerinde izlenmesi ve kusurların tespiti için makine öğrenmesi temelli örnek bir yaklaşım sunulmuştur. Makine öğrenmesinin alt alanlarından olan derin öğrenme yöntemi kullanılarak, işlemin bir katmanının oluşturulmasında meydana gelebilecek kusurları tespitine yönelik sınıflandırma yapılmıştır. Kusurları algılama ve sınıflandırma işlemi evrişimli sinir ağları modeli kullanılarak yerine getirilmiştir. Modelin eğitimi ve performansı için veri seti, EOS M290 makinesinde imal edilmiş örnek bir üç boyutlu yapının fotoğrafları ile oluşturulmuştur. VGG-16, InceptionV3 ve DenseNet ön öğrenmeli modellerinden transfer öğrenimi yapılarak en iyi performans %86 doğruluk değeri ile VGG-16 modelinde elde edilmiştir.
Farklı destekler ile hazırlanan sentetik Co-Mn-Pt katalizörünün NaBH4 hidroliz performansı ve kinetik değerlendirmesi
Authors: ÇAKANYILDIRIM Çetin , GÜRÜ Metin
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmada Co0,92-xMn0,08Ptx/TiO2 ve Co0,92-xMn0,08Ptx/Al2O3 nano katalizörleri sentezlenmiştir. Destekli katalizörlerin üretilmesinde impregnasyon tekniği kullanılmıştır. Katalizörlerin hidroliz yöntemi ile NaBH4’ü parçalararak yüksek hızda hidrojen üretme yetenekleri belirlenmiştir. Katalizörlerin özelliklerinin belirlenmesi için geçirimli ve taramalı electron mikroskopları (TEM ve SEM), X-ışını difraktometresi (XRD), yüzey alanı ölçüm ve gözenek dağılımı (Brunauer Emmett Teller) analizleri, enerji dağılım spektroskopisi (EDX) ve hidroliz testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Testler destek ile aktif bileşenin birbiri ile iyi bir uyum içinde ve sıkıca tutunmuş halde olduğunu göstermiştir. TiO2 destek ile aktivitenin daha yüksek olduğu ve 22 ˚C sıcaklıkta 40 mg Co0,85Mn0,08Pt0,07/TiO2 katalizör ile gerçekleştirilen hidroliz testlerinde 5 mL (0,525 M) NaBH4 çözeltisinin hidrojen üretim hızı 6.250 mL H2/min.gkat olarak bulunmuştur. Değişik NaOH, NaBH4 miktarları ve sıcaklıklarda kinetik çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Hidroliz tepkimesi için uygun NaOH miktarı 0,15 M olarak tespit edilmiştir. Tepkime hızı üzerinde katalizör miktarının etkin, NaBH4 miktarına göre ise sıfırıncı dereceden kinetiğe sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Co0,85Mn0,08Pt0,07 içerikli katalizörlerin TiO2 ve Al2O3 destekleri için sırasıyla 34,19 ve 40,02 kJ/mol aktivasyon enerjisine sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
4CF-Net: Hiperspektral uzaktan algılama görüntülerinin spektral uzamsal sınıflandırılması için yeni 3B evrişimli sinir ağı
Authors: FIRAT Hüseyin , HANBAY Davut
Published: November 2021

Hiperspektral görüntüler, uzaktan algılama uygulamalarında yaygın olarak kullanılan bitişik bant görüntüleridir. Derin öğrenme hiperspektral görüntü sınıflandırmasını iyileştirmek için kullanılan etkili bir yöntemdir. Evrişimli sinir ağları ise hiperspektral görüntü sınıflandırma alanında başarıyla kullanılan derin öğrenme yöntemlerinden biridir. Spektral, uzamsal veya spektral uzamsal alanlardan hiperspektral görüntülerin daha soyut özelliklerini öğrenebilen otomatik yaklaşımlar sağlamaktadır. Hiperspektral görüntülerin yüksek boyutsallığı hesaplama karmaşıklığını arttırmaktadır. Bu nedenle, geliştirilen evrişimli sinir ağ modellerinin çoğu, bir ön işleme adımı olarak boyut indirgeme gerçekleştirmektedir. Hiperspektral görüntü sınıflandırmasındaki diğer bir problem ise, doğru sonuçlar elde etmek için hem uzamsal hem de spektral özelliklerin dikkate alınması gerekliliğidir. Çünkü, hiperspektral görüntü sınıflandırma performansı büyük ölçüde hem spektral hem de uzamsal bilgilere bağlıdır. Bu çalışmada, hiperspektral görüntü sınıflandırması için yeni bir 3B evrişimli sinir ağı modeli önerilmiştir. Önerilen yöntem, hiperspektral görüntülerdeki spektral-uzamsal özellikleri eşzamanlı olarak çıkarmak için basit ve etkili bir yöntem sağlamaktadır. Ağ, giriş verileri olarak 3B hiperspektral küpü kullanmaktadır. Hiperspektral küpteki boyutsal fazlalığı gidermek için temel bileşen analizi ile boyut indirgeme yapılmaktadır. Daha sonra komşuluk çıkarımı kullanılarak, spektral uzamsal özellikler etkin bir şekilde çıkarılmaktadır. Önerilen yöntem indian pines, pavia üniversitesi, salinas ve kennedy uzay merkezi veri setleri ile test edilmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalar sonucunda, indian pines için %99,93, pavia üniversitesi için %99,99, salinas için %100 ve kennedy uzay merkezi için ise %99,81 genel doğruluk sonuçları elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, 7 farklı derin öğrenme tabanlı yöntemle karşılaştırılmıştır. Deneysel sonuçlardan, 4CF-Net yöntemimizin daha iyi performans gösterdiği görülmektedir.
Grafen dolgu malzemesi içeren elastomer esaslı basınç sensörlerinin çevrimli yük altında mekanik ve elektriksel karakterizasyonu
Authors: KASIM Hasan , DEMİR Büşra
Published: November 2021

Grafen(GrF) katkılı elastomer esaslı basınç sensörleri (PgS) iki aşamada elde edilmiştir. Bu malzemeler SEM cihazında analiz edilerek dolgu malzemelerinin dağılımı ile direnç arasındaki etkileşimi incelenmiştir. PgS’lere, farklı deplasman değerleri için çevrimli yüklemeler uygulanarak, numunelerin iç yapısına bağlı direnç değerlerinde oluşan değişiklikler gözlemlendi. Matris içindeki iletken dolgu malzemesinin yüzey alanı, mekanik özellikleri ve dağılım şekli PgS’lerin iletkenliğini belirlemektedir. Basınç-Direnç ilişkisine bağlı olarak dirençteki azalma ve iletkenlikteki artış, 3 mm sıkıştırmada daha yüksektir. GrF katkılı PgS’lerin direnç değişimi yükün bir fonksiyonu olarak değişkenlik göstermektedir.. Uygulanan kuvvet artışı ile bir miktar direnç artsa da, yükün dolgu malzemesine aktarılması sonucu direnç düşme eğilimindedir. PgS’lere, 1mm, 2mm ve 3mm’lik deplasmanlarda çevrimli yükleme-boşaltma testleri yapılmış, sırasıyla 85 N, 273 N ve 805 N sıkıştırma kuvvetleri elde edilmiştir. En yüksek direnç değeri 3 mm sıkıştırma sonucunda 5,29Ex06 Ω olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmamızda PgS’nin bu eşsiz özelliğinden yararlanarak hava süspansiyon körüklerinin ikincil süspansiyon elemanı olan sönümleme takozu üzerine uygulaması ile yaptığımız testlerde, körüğün çalışma şartları ile ilgili tahminler yapılmıştır.
Resource Industries of the Far East: Manifestations of the Current Crisis and Their Fundamental Causes
Authors:   Economic Research Institute of FEB RAS, Lomakina Natalia V.
Published: November 2021

The article focuses on the manifestations of the modern «pandemic» crisis in the key resource industries (mineral resources and forest complexes) of the Far Eastern macroregion. The features of the crisis dynamics of production are shown depending on the predominance of some types of natural resources in the structure of the regional economy, their connection with Russian and world markets, the character of the impact of market factors. The influence of external shocks and national institutional imperatives on the change in the parameters of different branches of the natural resource sector has been investigated. There were found new crisis manifestations associated with the peculiarities of staff formation in the resource sector («shift workers factor»), their consequences for the regional economy and raw materials companies, the need to update the relevant scientific and methodological assessments and management decisions. It was revealed that with all the novelty and multidirectionality of manifestations of the crisis in 2020, the key characteristics of the situation are determined by the traditional set of fundamental reasons that define the development of a region with a resource specialization both in crisis and recovery periods
Migrations and Ethnocultural Processes in Central Asia (Eneolithic and Bronze Age)
Authors:   Urganch State University, Abdullaev Utkir I. , Sagdullaev Anatoliy S. ,   National University of Uzbekistan, Togaev, Jasur E.
Published: November 2021

The ancient history of Central Asia features migrations, assimilation processes and cultural interactions between different tribes. This article elaborates on migrations and ethnocultural processes in Central Asia in the middle of the Eneolithic and Bronze Ages. Analysing the archaeological artefacts connected with ancient cultures of Central Asia is essential to reconstruct the migration and ethnocultural processes. Therefore, the main attention is drawn to the reasons and results of migrations and ethnocultural development in Central Asia. The methods applied include reviewing historical sources, historical and comparative analysis, chronological method, analysis of approaches and scientific views on the research topic
The Disabled and Elderly People in Prerevolutionary and Early Soviet Society: Formation of Disability Model in 1900–1938
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Kovalev Alexander S.
Published: November 2021

The first half of the XX century was the time when the model of disability, the main feature of which was the inability to work, was being formed in Russia. Basing on unknown documents from Siberian archives, this article analyses the transformation of the social status of disabled and elderly people in the pre-revolutionary period and the first decades of the Soviet rule. In the Imperial Russia disability was equal to senility. Any person who was no longer able to work, regardless of age, became elderly. In Soviet Russia the hierarchy of disability developed in accordance with the proletarian ideology. The group of disabled workers who had pensions was the most privileged; they were followed by the groups of disabled veterans, who were rehabilitated by health and labor methods, and homeless people with intellectual disabilities, the deaf, the blind, the elderly disabled, and the senile disabled. The latter group was isolated in homes for the disabled. The general direction of the social policy for all categories of disabled people was employment opportunities in compliance with the principle of «utilization of remaining work». The need in the labor force in the period of industrialization led to the emergence of the phenomenon of «working pensioner». As a result, in Soviet Russia a rationally employing model of disability, which was characterized by disability as the inability to work without the inclusion of other characteristics, was formed. The majority of the disabled were elderly people who were not involved in any type of rehabilitation. State social policy in respect of the disabled focused on their involvement in the labor force, which contributed to their integration into society