bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Unusual Acid-Accumulating Behavior during Ripening of Cherimoya (Annona cherimola Mill.) is Linked to Changes in Transcription and Enzyme Activity Related to Citric and Malic Acid Metabolism
Authors: González-Agüero Mauricio , Tejerina Pardo Luis , Zamudio María , Contreras Carolina , Undurraga Pedro , Defilippi Bruno
Published: April 2016

Cherimoya (Annona cherimola Mill.) is a subtropical fruit characterized by a significant increase in organic acid levels during ripening, making it an interesting model for studying the relationship between acidity and fruit flavor. In this work, we focused on understanding the balance between the concentration of organic acids and the gene expression and activity of enzymes involved in the synthesis and degradation of these metabolites during the development and ripening of cherimoya cv. “Concha Lisa”. Our results showed an early accumulation of citric acid and other changes associated with the accumulation of transcripts encoding citrate catabolism enzymes. During ripening, a 2-fold increase in malic acid and a 6-fold increase in citric acid were detected. By comparing the contents of these compounds with gene expression and enzymatic activity levels, we determined that cytoplasmic NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase (cyNAD-MDH) and mitochondrial citrate synthase (mCS) play important regulatory roles in the malic and citric acid biosynthetic pathways.
Signal Analysis and Waveform Reconstruction of Shock Waves Generated by Underwater Electrical Wire Explosions with Piezoelectric Pressure Probes
Authors: Zhou Haibin , Zhang Yongmin , Han Ruoyu , Jing Yan , Wu Jiawei , Liu Qiaojue , Ding Weidong , Qiu Aici
Published: April 2016

Underwater shock waves (SWs) generated by underwater electrical wire explosions (UEWEs) have been widely studied and applied. Precise measurement of this kind of SWs is important, but very difficult to accomplish due to their high peak pressure, steep rising edge and very short pulse width (on the order of tens of μs). This paper aims to analyze the signals obtained by two kinds of commercial piezoelectric pressure probes, and reconstruct the correct pressure waveform from the distorted one measured by the pressure probes. It is found that both PCB138 and Müller-plate probes can be used to measure the relative SW pressure value because of their good uniformities and linearities, but none of them can obtain precise SW waveforms. In order to approach to the real SW signal better, we propose a new multi-exponential pressure waveform model, which has considered the faster pressure decay at the early stage and the slower pressure decay in longer times. Based on this model and the energy conservation law, the pressure waveform obtained by the PCB138 probe has been reconstructed, and the reconstruction accuracy has been verified by the signals obtained by the Müller-plate probe. Reconstruction results show that the measured SW peak pressures are smaller than the real signal. The waveform reconstruction method is both reasonable and reliable.
Measuring Electrolyte Impedance and Noise Simultaneously by Triangular Waveform Voltage and Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Xu Shanzhi , Wang Peng , Dong Yonggui
Published: April 2016

In order to measure the impedance variation process in electrolyte solutions, a method of triangular waveform voltage excitation is investigated together with principal component analysis (PCA). Using triangular waveform voltage as the excitation signal, the response current during one duty cycle is sampled to construct a measurement vector. The measurement matrix is then constructed by the measurement vectors obtained from different measurements. After being processed by PCA, the changing information of solution impedance is contained in the loading vectors while the response current and noise information is contained in the score vectors. The measurement results of impedance variation by the proposed signal processing method are independent of the equivalent impedance model. The noise-induced problems encountered during equivalent impedance calculation are therefore avoided, and the real-time variation information of noise in the electrode-electrolyte interface can be extracted at the same time. Planar-interdigitated electrodes are experimentally tested for monitoring the KCl concentration variation process. Experimental results indicate that the measured impedance variation curve reflects the changing process of solution conductivity, and the amplitude distribution of the noise during one duty cycle can be utilized to analyze the contact conditions of the electrode and electrolyte interface.
RNAi-Mediated Downregulation of FKBP14 Suppresses the Growth of Human Ovarian Cancer Cells
Authors: Lu Meng , Miao Yi , Qi Lan , Bai Mingzhu , Zhang Jiarong , Feng Youji
Published: April 2016

FKBP14 belongs to the family of FK506-binding proteins (FKBPs). Altered expression of FKBPs has been reported in several malignancies. This study aimed to reveal the expression profile of FKBP14 in ovarian cancer and evaluate whether FKBP14 is a molecular target for cancer therapy.
We found that the FKBP14 mRNA level was significantly higher in ovarian cancer tissues than in normal tissues. FKBP14 expression was then knocked down in two ovarian cancer cell lines, SKOV3 and HO8910 cells, by a lentiviral short hairpin RNA (shRNA) delivery system. Reduced expression of
FKBP14 markedly impaired the proliferative ability of ovarian cancer cells. Additionally, ovarian cancer cells infected with FKBP14 shRNA lentivirus tended to arrest in the G0/G1 phase and undergo apoptosis. Moreover, knockdown of FKBP14 induced cell apoptosis via increasing
the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2. These results indicated that FKBP14 might be a diagnostic marker for ovarian cancer and could be a potential molecular target for the therapy of ovarian cancer.
Principes de traitement des psychoses
Authors: Delhommeau Laurent
Published: April 2016

Ce texte propose de passer en revue les grands principes du traitement des psychoses, principes élaborés dans le lien le plus étroit aux avancées de la théorie psychanalytique : modalités de l’accueil, réception du délire et des hallucinations, usage des concepts d’historial, de forclusion, de fonctions parentales. Plusieurs exemples cliniques sont apportés, témoignant de l’application de ces principes.
Me donner l’envie d’agir avec courage...
Authors: Derobert Yann
Published: April 2016

Au milieu des années 1980, le psychiatre Marius Romme et la journaliste Sandra Escher s’engagent, avec une visée libératrice, dans une coopération avec des personnes qui entendent des voix et dont la plupart ont reçu un diagnostic de schizophrénie. Fondant leur approche sur la contribution attendue de chacun(e), leur initiative a inspiré un vaste mouvement international qui interroge les pratiques traditionnelles – désarmantes – de la psychiatrie et constitue un appel à dépasser nos peurs et nos préjugés.
Clinical Management of Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Traisman Edward S.
Published: April 2016

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common pediatric infectious disease. It accounts for almost 1% of clinical presentations and 5% to 14% of emergency department visits. UTIs occur throughout all age groups. The age of onset, gender, history, and physical examination results determine treatment and long-term management. The goal of therapy is to prevent recurrent UTI and the potential for renal scarring, chronic renal disease, and any subsequent complications.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2016;45(4):e108–e111.]
Stability of Keratometric Astigmatism After Non-penetrating Femtosecond Laser Intrastromal Astigmatic Keratotomy Performed During Laser Cataract Surgery
Authors: Day Alexander C. , Stevens Julian D.
Published: April 2016

PURPOSE:

To investigate the stability of keratometric astigmatism after femtosecond laser intrastromal astigmatic keratotomy (ISAK) performed during laser cataract surgery.

METHODS:

In this prospective comparative case series, data were collected from patients during follow-up 1 and 6 months after laser-assisted cataract surgery. Corneal keratometry was measured preoperatively and postoperatively by Topcon KR8100PA topographer-autorefractor (Topcon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Astigmatic analyses were performed by Alpins' method to calculate surgically induced astigmatism (SIA). All operations were performed by a single surgeon.

RESULTS:

Data were available on 263 eyes, of which 87 had undergone ISAK during cataract surgery for astigmatism management (cases) and 176 had cataract surgery without ISAK (controls). For ISAK cases, comparing the magnitudes of the individual SIA vectors at 1 and 6 months postoperatively showed a 0.09 diopters cylinder (DC) regression (
P
= .009). Calculating the change in SIA between 1 and 6 months considering both magnitude and angular direction, the mean regression vector was 0.08 DC @ 94°. For controls (without ISAK), comparing the magnitudes of the individual SIA vectors at 1 and 6 months postoperatively showed a 0.11 DC regression (
P
< .001). Calculating the change in SIA between 1 and 6 months considering magnitude and angular direction, the mean vector was 0.14 DC @ 88°. There was no significant difference in SIA regression magnitudes between cases and controls.

CONCLUSIONS:

For both cases with and without ISAK, there were small but statistically significant regressions in SIA between 1 and 6 months postoperatively. These values were low and appear to be of little clinical significance.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2016;32(3):152–155.]
Influence of Near-Segment Positioning in a Rotationally Asymmetric Multifocal Intraocular Lens
Authors: Song In Seok , Yoon Sam Young , Kim Jae Yong , Kim Myoung Joon , Tchah Hungwon
Published: April 2016

PURPOSE:

To compare visual performance and higher order aberrations (HOAs) based on the position of the near segment in eyes with rotationally asymmetric multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs).

METHODS:

Asymmetric multifocal IOLs (Lentis Mplus LS-313; Oculentis Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) were implanted with the near segment positioned either inferiorly, superiorly, or temporally. Uncorrected distance (UDVA), intermediate (UIVA), and near (UNVA) visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and distance-corrected intermediate (DCIVA) and near (DCNVA) visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, HOAs, and subjective symptom questionnaires were compared at 1 month postoperatively.

RESULTS:

Forty-five eyes from 45 patients were evaluated (n = 25, 9, and 11 eyes in the inferior, superior, and temporal groups, respectively). No significant differences in UDVA, UIVA, UNVA, CDVA, DCIVA, or DCNVA were found between the three groups (
P
> .05). The temporal group showed the best results in UDVA, CDVA, and DCNVA, but the inferior group showed the best results in DCIVA and UNVA and the superior group showed the best results in UIVA. Contrast sensitivity and the subjective symptom questionnaire also did not demonstrate any significant differences (
P
> .05). Total HOA and spherical aberration did not demonstrate any statistically significant differences (
P
> .05), but vertical coma and horizontal coma demonstrated significant differences based on near segment position (
P
< .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

The position of the near segment in eyes with rotationally asymmetric multifocal IOLs demonstrates no significant effect on visual performance.

[
J Refract Surg.
2016;32(4):238–243.]
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF FLOW CHARACTERISTICS FOR THE NORMAL HUMAN UPPER AIRWAY
Authors: Yu Chi , Chen Shu-Hua , Wang Gang , Wang Ying
Published: April 2016

Based on the data from the spiral Computerized Tomography (CT) images, three dimensional models consisting of the airway from nasal cavity, pharynx and trachea to triple bifurcation are built. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is applied to study the respiratory air flow dynamics within the upper respiratory tract of human body. The influence of different respiratory routes on airway resistance and within the respiratory air flow characteristics is studied under the respiration of the nose and mouth. The influence of the different respiratory route on the characteristics of airflow and the airway resistance were studied at the work of nasal and oral. When only a small amount of air flow is inhaled and exhaled through the oral, the distribution law of airflow in the airways is similar to that of breathing process only through the nose. With the increase of mouth breathing air flow rate, the airway of the highest airflow velocity and the total pressure drop are reduced. Except for the nasal cavity, where the airway resistance was decreased, the airway resistance of other parts was increased with increasing mouth breathing. When the airflow exchanged with the outside world mainly through mouth, the distribution of airflow in the airways were obviously different, especially in the nose, mouth and throat, which brought the new allocation of the airway resistance and the great reduction of nasal resistance. The airway resistance mainly concentrated in the oral cavity and the following airway. The results of numerical simulation are useful for studying the pathogenesis and diagnosing the diseases related to the anatomical structure and function of upper airway.
Avatars, Humanoids, and the Changing Landscape of Assessment and Intervention for Individuals with Disabilities across the Lifespan
Authors: Hotez Emily
Published: April 2016

In recent years, there has been a burgeoning field of research on the applications of virtual reality and robots for children, adolescents, and adults with a wide range of developmental disabilities. The influx of multidisciplinary collaborations among developmental psychologists and computer scientists, as well as the increasing accessibility of interactive technologies, has created a need to equip potential users with the information they need to make informed decisions about using virtual reality and robots. This chapter aims to 1) provide parents, professionals, and individuals with developmental disabilities with an overview of the literature on virtual reality and robot interventions in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood; and to 2) address overarching questions pertaining to utilizing virtual reality and robots. This chapter will shed light on the far-reaching potential for interactive technologies to transform therapeutic, educational, and assessment contexts, while also highlighting limitations and suggesting directions for future research.
The Effects of Using Dynabook to Prepare Special Education Teachers to Teach Proportional Reasoning
Authors: Courey Susan , LePage Pamela , Blackorby Jose , Siker Jody , Nguyen Trang
Published: April 2016

The Dynabook research project was a collaborative effort aimed at developing and evaluating a new interactive Web-based resource for use in teacher education to improve how teachers learn to teach middle-school mathematics. This paper describes the outcomes of research during a three-year project to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of the “Dynabook.” The purpose of this mixed methods study was to understand how special education college faculty used the proportional Dynabook and how it affected the learning of teacher candidates in their courses, as it was being designed and modified over a period of three years. In the results, faculty note an improvement in the credential candidates' skills in solving proportional problems and answering pedagogical content knowledge questions, and in their mathematical thinking as measured in complexity of classroom discussions. The candidates also reported feeling more confident in their teaching of proportional reasoning, their implementation of UDL, and understanding of TPACK.
Using Mobile Technology for Student Teaching Observations of Special Education Candidates
Authors: Harrower Josh , Rodríguez Cathi Draper
Published: April 2016

Student teacher supervision has been an important part of teacher preparation almost since the inception of teacher education programs. The goal of this type of supervision is to strengthen the skills of the pre-service teacher. Providing this type of observation can be difficult for teacher preparation programs and university faculty. Many factors, including large numbers of students in teacher education programs and student placements in remote schools, contribute to this. In order to make the most effective use of faculty and pre-service teacher time, other options for providing this support need to be explored. The rapidly developing field of mobile technology (e.g., iPads, iPhones, Smart Phones) can be used to facilitate student teaching observations. This chapter discusses how teacher preparation programs can implement candidate field supervision using video conferencing via mobile technology to increase the ability to conduct observations in schools and in a more efficient manner. It also explores the security of video conferencing applications and the issues related to using video conferencing in special education classrooms, where student confidentiality is heightened.
Incorporating Mobile Technology into Evidence-Based Practices for Students with Autism
Authors: Strnadová Iva , Cumming Therese M. , Rodríguez Cathi Draper
Published: April 2016

This chapter discusses how mobile technology can contribute to the quality of life of children with autism across their school years and through the transition to adulthood. Mobile technology has the potential to support students not just at school, but also across all environments in and throughout their lives. There are a number of educational practices and strategies that have been identified as having a strong evidence base to effectively support students with autism. The theoretical framework underpinning this chapter is the Universal Design for Learning (UDL), which prescribes that these practices be integrated into instruction from the outset to ensure equal access and participation of all students in the classroom. Case studies of students on the autism spectrum with diverse needs and during different stages of their lives (from the school years to the transition to adulthood) are used to demonstrate the benefits of incorporating mobile technology into evidence-based educational practices for people with autism.
Gifted Education and One Case Solution through E-Learning in Japan
Authors: Nagai Masahiro , Matsunami Noriyuki
Published: April 2016

Japanese parents are genuinely concerned about their children's education, especially if the latter display exceptional abilities. Such parents also believe that the public education system insufficiently nurtures their gifted children's potential. Consequently, parents frequently enroll their children in private schools and afterschool programs at cram schools (juku), which feature accelerated, condensed curriculums. Juku have subsequently prospered, with approximately 37.8% of Japanese sixth grade students attending one (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, & Technology in Japan, 2008). Public schools have noted juku students' excellent examination results and begun hiring juku instructors (Kuroishi, 2009). Unfortunately, equally gifted, but poor, students cannot afford to enroll in these institutions (Mimiduka, 2009). Therefore, the authors propose implementing an e-learning system, granting students affordable access to supplemental learning opportunities. Herein, they discuss the state of Japanese gifted education before highlighting e-learning's effectiveness in this context based on practical educational research at a Tokyo elementary school.
Implementing iPad and Mobile Technologies for Students with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Rodríguez Cathi Draper , Strnadová Iva , Cumming Therese M.
Published: April 2016

This book chapter describes implementation implications of using the iPad and other mobile technologies with students (birth to adult) with intellectual disabilities. iPad and other mobile technologies offer many built-in features which facilitate their use for students with disabilities, particularly students with Intellectual Disabilities (ID). This chapter details ways that mobile technology can be used to make school and other environments (e.g., home, social) more accessible to students with ID. The theoretical framework underpinning this chapter is Universal Design for Learning (UDL), and it is applied to research-based practices for students with ID. This forms a solid base from which to examine: (a) available mobile applications (apps), (b) how apps can be used to support students with ID in accessing the curriculum, and (c) how teachers can use a framework to review and choose apps for their students.
AsTeRICS
Authors: Miesenberger Klaus , Nussbaum Gerhard , Ossmann Roland
Published: April 2016

The authors outline the potential of sensor technology for people with disabilities and those people with motor disabilities in general. First the authors describe how people with disabilities interact with the environment using specialized Assistive Technologies (AT) to interface modern Information and Communication Technology (ICT) via the standardized Human-Computer Interface (HCI). The authors discuss the state-of-the-art and emerging sensor technology and how it enhances the potential of AT facilitated interaction with ICT/HCI regarding two domains: a) Sensor technology embedded in the environment providing flexible and adaptable means of interaction and b) sensor technology for better, more flexible and efficient application of skills of people with disabilities as AT solutions. Based on this analysis the authors advocate for changing AT practice in terms of assessment and service provision, but also R&D to recognize the extended potential provided by sensor technology to exploit presently unused or neglected skills of users. The authors underline the need to make AT solutions more flexible, adaptable, and affordable. the authors argue, in view of the potential of sensor technology, that there is an increasing need for an efficient software framework allowing an easy integration of sensor technology into AT solutions or even individual AT service provision. Finally the authors present the AsTeRICS framework as an example of an extendable AT construction set for an open source and crowed sourcing approach for a more user-centered, easy, fast, and economic implementation of sensor based or sensor enhanced AT solutions.
Creating Protective Barriers for Students with Disabilities in E-Learning Environments
Authors: Barrett Bob
Published: April 2016

As corporations and organizations continue to make strides in employing people with disabilities, in part, as an act of social responsibility, other entities have started to realize the need and value of this untapped human resource. Studies have shown that employees with disabilities have low turnover rates, low absenteeism, and high motivation to prove themselves. In today's workplace, many organizations will need to rethink their employment practices in order to compete for employees from the current, shrinking workforce. Thus, these employers are now looking towards academic institutions for well-qualified candidates. The key question here is whether academic institutions and educators are prepared to enable, educate, protect, and motivate learners with and without disabilities for changes in the workforce. One way that academia is helping to break down barriers to education is through the incorporation of online learning, or “e-learning.” Whereas barriers to education for people with disabilities have traditionally taken the form of architectural and attitudinal impediments, e-learning may help mitigate such barriers, equalizing the learning environment for all students.
I Stand with Henry
Authors: Loutzenhiser Kirsten , Cropf Robert A.
Published: April 2016

This study investigates a virtual ad-hoc organization known as “I Stand With Henry” (ISWH). It features an individual middle school student with autism practicing self-advocacy. His mission is to support inclusion and get his school district to sanction his ability to be included in the general education setting instead of a separate school for students with special needs. While ISWH is not an official not-for-profit organization, is performs similar functions. Through an in-depth analysis of the ISWH Facebook page, virtual ad-hoc organizations redefine what it means to be a not-for-profit organization. This study analyzes how social media gives voice to the voiceless and how social media equalizes marginalized voices for all students with disabilities to exercise their rights. The chapter employs analyzes conversations within a single case to construct a virtual advocacy model that explains the success of ISWH.
Social Media in Higher Education
Authors: Wagner Kristy Kowalske , Dole Sharon
Published: April 2016

This study uses the theoretical framework of social constructivism and Communities of Practice (CoP) in two qualitative case studies that explore the use of wikis in online courses in teacher education to promote collaborative writing, problem-solving, and knowledge construction. The case studies involve data collection in the form of interviews, student products on wiki pages from the two courses, and course feedback. Several themes emerge that can be categorized under the broad headings of community building and collaboration, creative process, professional growth, and technology and the research process. Recommendations are made for educators that may be useful in augmenting their students' e-learning experiences with wikis.
WiMAX and Wi-Fi Services through Mobile Networks
Authors: Saha Sajal , Chakraborty Angana , Mukhopadhyay Asish K. , Bhattacharjee Anup Kumar
Published: April 2016

WIFI and WiMAX became popular worldwide due to simplicity of installation and cost reduction compared with traditional DSL cable. The key challenge of WiFi is the restricted mobility of the user whereas mobile WiMAX (IEEE 802.16m) provides ubiquitous environment to the user. The recent challenges of WiMAX is managing radio resources (both licensed and unlicensed) efficiently through different QoS service classes, implementing proper modulation and coding schemes at PHY, proper antenna selection in MIMO to achieve better QOS. User can avail the benefits of speed and mobility through an integrated architecture comprising WiFi and WiMAX. This chapter provides an in depth performance evaluation of Mobile WiMAX and WiFi under various Modulation and Coding Schemes (MCS), cyclic prefixes and different path-loss models under integrated environment. Moreover, we present an optimized adaptive modulation scheme that senses the SNR and adaptively switches to required MCS to achieve desired level of QoS and link stability.
Academic Libraries in Partnership with the Government Publishing Office
Authors: Costello Barbara
Published: April 2016

The implementation of the Government Printing Office Electronic Information Access Enhancement Act of 1993 (P.L. 103-40) brought the Federal Depository Library Program (FDLP) fully into the digital age. The transition has created expected and unexpected changes to the way the Government Publishing Office (GPO) administers the FDLP and, in particular, to the relationships between the GPO and academic depository libraries. Innovative partnerships, use of emerging technologies to manage and share collections, and greater flexibility on the part of the GPO have given academic depository libraries a prominent and proactive role within the depository program. Newly announced initiatives from the GPO, the National Plan for Access to U.S. Government Information and the Federal Information Preservation Network (FIPNet) potentially could either increase academic depository libraries' collaboration with the FDLP and the likelihood that they will remain in the program, or accelerate the rate at which academic depositories are dropping depository status.
The Evolution of Collaborative Collection Development within a Library Consortium
Authors: Osterman Anne Charlotte , O'Gara Genya , Armstrong Alison M.
Published: April 2016

This chapter details a collection analysis project carried out within the Virtual Library of Virginia (VIVA) consortium in 2013-2015. This project included an analysis of 12 member libraries' main stacks monographs – a total of just under six million volumes – and demonstrates the importance of relying on established cultural support as well as the challenges of cultural change involved in library collaboration. The project stands out from other similar collection analyses conducted by groups of libraries in its central focus on using the analysis to inform prospective, collaborative collection development.
The imaging findings of erdheim–chester disease: A multimodality approach to diagnosis and staging
Authors: Martineau Patrick , Pelletier-Galarneau Matthieu , Zeng Wanzhen
Published: April 2016

Erdheim–Chester disease (ECD) is a rare, non-Langerhans histiocytic disorder. The most common manifestations consist of polyostotic sclerotic lesions with the majority of cases also demonstrating soft tissue involvement of the sinuses, retroperitoneum, large vessels, heart, lungs, and central nervous system. Nuclear medicine can play an important role in assessing the extent of the disease with bone scintigraphy and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET). We present the case of a middle-aged female who initially presented with tooth pain. She subsequently underwent imaging including plain film, bone scan, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and FDG-PET/CT, which showed characteristic bony involvement. Biopsy results confirmed the diagnosis of ECD.
Skeletal metastases presenting as superscan on technetium 99m methylene diphosphonate whole body bone scintigraphy in different type of cancers: A 5-year retro-prospective study
Authors: Manohar P. Ram , Rather Tanveer , Khan Shoukat , Malik Dharmender
Published: April 2016

The purpose of the study is to find out the overall incidence of superscan among different type of cancers, causes of superscan and its relationship with other parameters such as age, sex, duration of disease, and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels. This was a retro-prospective study. Records of all previous bone scans and reported patients of superscan were re-evaluated retrospectively. Patients who were diagnosed as having superscan in the preceding 3 years with confirmed histopathological diagnosis were included in the retrospective group. In the prospective group, all the patients who were reported to have superscan appearance over the past 2 years of prospective period were included. Total of 6027 bone scans were examined in a 5-year period and out of which 80 cases were diagnosed as superscan. The overall incidence of superscan in different type of cancers was 1.3% (80/6027). Prostate cancer (46/80) was the most common cause of superscan appearance followed by breast cancer (10/80). Out of 6027 patients referred for bone scan, 307 patients had prostate cancer on histopathological examination. Out of 307 patients with prostate cancer, 46 had superscan appearance. Incidence of superscan in prostate cancer was 14.98% (46/307), and 71.73% (33/46) prostate cancer patients with superscan had Gleason score of 8 and above 8 with mean serum prostate-specific antigen level was 178.42 ng/ml in symptomatic patients and 122 ng/ml in asymptomatic patients. Out of all patients with superscan, 71 patients (88.7%) had elevated serum ALP levels. Overall incidence of superscan in our study was 1.3% in different type of cancer patients, and the most common cause of superscan appearance was prostate cancer. Incidence of superscan appearance in prostatic cancer patients was 14.98%.
Unusual Presentation of Hydatid Cyst in Cervical Region
Authors: Singh Surjit , Singh Digvijay , Banjara Hansa , Sarkar Sutanu , Mungutwar Varsha
Published: April 2016

Cervical involvement of the hydatid disease is rare entity occurring in less than 0.5% of patients. Hydatid disease is prevalent in Asia, Australia, and Eastern and Southern Europe. Hydatid disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus is often manifested by a slow-growing cystic mass. Hydatid cysts may be found in almost every part of the body; however, the lungs and liver are the most involved locations. This study reports an unusual presentation of the hydatid cyst over cervical region of neck.

How to cite this article

Singh D, Banjara H, Mungutwar V, Sarkar S, Singh S. Unusual Presentation of Hydatid Cyst in Cervical Region. Int J Head Neck Surg 2015;6(3):112-114.
Correlación entre la variabilidad en la banda VLF en Francisco Morazán y la actividad solar
Authors: Artola Adán , Mills Edward , Estrada Paolo
Published: April 2016

En este artículo se analiza la correlación entre las fulguraciones solares y las Perturbaciones Súbitas en la Ionosfera terrestre (SID) registradas utilizando la variabilidad en la intensidad de las ondas de radio de Muy Baja Frecuencia (VLF) reflejadas y refractadas en la capa D de la ionosfera y monitoreadas en Francisco Morazán en el mes de febrero de 2014.Para este fin se construyeron dos sistemas de monitoreo con configuraciones distintas las cuales aseguren una mejor calidad en el registro de los datos. El primer sistema utiliza el monitor VLF desarrollado por la Asociación de Radioastronomía del Reino Unido (UKRAA), que trabaja con un ancho de banda de 12 a 35kHz, con una salida en de 0-5 volts que representa las variaciones en la frecuencia de 24 kHz transmitida por NAA en Cutler, Maine. El otro sistema aprovecha las ventajas de la Radio Definida a través de Software (SDR), el cual sin la necesidad de contar con la electrónica compleja de un receptor como el UKRAA, puede interpretar los cambios de energía detectados por la antena utilizando una tarjeta de sonido como conversor analógico digital para el registro de la señal transmitida a 40kHz por la NAU en Aguada Puerto Rico. Este equipo y una ubicación fuera de Tegucigalpa libre de interferencia, hicieron posible el registro de fulguraciones solares utilizando a la ionosfera.Revista Ciencias Espaciales, Vol.6(1) 2013, 24-42
Identificación de características arqueoastronómicas en el Parque Arqueológico de Copán Ruinas
Authors: Pineda Montoya Marco Antonio
Published: April 2016

Sobre el Parque Arqueológico de Copán Ruinas (PAC), se han desarrollado una serie muy importante de investigaciones, principalmente desde la perspectiva arqueológica, lo cual ha sido y continúa teniendo gran mérito e importancia en el ambiente científico nacional y mundial; pero cada día la trascendencia de Copán Ruinas motiva el interés de científicos de las más variadas perspectivas, cuestión que demanda la construcción de cuerpos teóricos desde las diferentes aristas académicas, que constituyan un importante aporte intelectual hacia una holística descripción del mismo, y la interpretación arqueoastronómica lo es. Demostrar esta condición constituye el quehacer fundamental de esta investigación y para ello se trabajó la descripción de la posición y posible alineamiento astronómico de las siguientes estructuras arqueológicas ubicadas en el PAC: Estelas 10 y 12, Patio Este y Templo 22, Templo 11, Juego de Pelota, Edificación 4, Estela D y un Entierro en el Sector Núñez Chinchilla.Revista Ciencias Espaciales, Vol.6(1) 2013, 78-107
Análisis del comportamiento temporal de la biomasa en pastos del Departamento de Olancho en el contexto del cambio global – fase II
Authors: Cáceres José David
Published: April 2016

Según la guía de buenas prácticas del Panel Intergubernamental de Expertos en Cambio Climático (IPCC), las técnicas de teledetección son adecuadas para la estimación de los sumideros de carbono, a partir de la estimación de la biomasa. En este trabajo se ha utilizado una serie temporal de imágenes Landsat para estimar la cantidad de biomasa del pasto en el Departamento de Olancho para los años 2010 y 2012. A partir de las imágenes de biomasa obtenidas se ha analizado la evolución de los stocks de carbono. Se realizaron muestreos de campo de biomasa, así como de radiometría, en una parcela ubicada dentro de la zona de estudio para la calibración del modelo. Se aplicó un modelo de regresión lineal entre los datos de campo e índices espectrales para la estimación de las variables. El índice EVI obtuvo los mejores ajustes para la estimación de biomasa (R2=0,87). Se aplicó un factor de carbono de 50% de la biomasa para la estimación de los stocks de carbono.Revista Ciencias Espaciales, Vol.7(1) 2014, 97-114
Tendencias a nivel nacional de la demanda de Profesionales Aeronáuticos Universitarios
Authors: Betancourt Iván Vladimir
Published: April 2016

La finalidad de esta investigación es revelar las características que debe tener el perfil del profesional aeronáutico egresado de la primera carrera a nivel superior aeronáutica del ámbito civil en Honduras, para definir en base a este perfil ideal los contenidos curriculares necesarios, la estructura de los espacios de aprendizaje de cada asignatura, las orientaciones aeronáuticas que deben proponerse, la duración de esta carrera y el número de clases y unidades valorativas con las que debe contar. La metodología empleada incluyó una revisión bibliográfica que da cuenta de las tendencias del ambiente aeronáutico internacional tanto en lo operacional como lo educativo, y la consulta hecha a la población general y a grupos claves del desarrollo de la aviación nacional. Los resultados presentados se derivan de los pronósticos mundiales de la necesidad de personal técnico aeronáutico, de los déficits que deberá enfrentar este personal, de la población mundial dependiente de este campo, así como de las preferencias expresadas por los profesionales consultados por medio de una entrevista estructurada. El aporte considerado más importante es la definición del perfil de la carrera aeronáutica a ser impartida a través del Departamento de Ciencias Aeronáuticas de la Facultad de Ciencias Espaciales de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras.Revista Ciencias Espaciales, Vol. 7(2) 2014, 14-33
El Consejo Aeronáutico Nacional: Análisis de su situación actual en el marco institucional de la Aeronáutica Civil Hondureña
Authors: Ulloa Cadalso Ana Lucía , Flores Moncada Alexander J.
Published: April 2016

En Honduras la aeronáutica civil se rige por la Ley de Aeronáutica Civil de 2004 y en esta se establece el Consejo Aeronáutico Nacional (CAN) como un órgano consultivo que reúne a varias organizaciones estatales y de la sociedad hondureña con el objetivo principal de identificar, concertar y proponer recomendaciones que apoyen y contribuyan al logro de los objetivos de la ley referida. Considerando que la aeronáutica civil se relaciona con diversos temas nacionales tales como seguridad, turismo, medio ambiente, economía, entre otras, es importante que los diferentes sectores se coordinen y tomen decisiones consensuadas que permitan un desarrollo sostenido, ordenado y consistente de la aeronáutica civil. Dado lo anterior se describe la situación del CAN, la relación de sus integrantes con este y sus propuestas, se da a conocer cuál ha sido la experiencia que otros países como Chile, Ecuador y República Dominicana han tenido con este tipo de órganos y cuáles son las características que les han permitido tener éxito en sus esfuerzos de desarrollar su aeronáutica civil, todo lo anterior con el objetivo de aprender, adaptar, mejorar y adoptar buenas prácticas que complementen los esfuerzos nacionales para lograr un órgano colegiado fortalecido capaz de potenciar el desarrollo de la aeronáutica civil hondureña. Las recomendaciones propuestas giran en torno a la necesidad de hacer funcionar el CAN. Sin embargo, el simple funcionamiento no basta, es necesario que esta entidad adquiera un estatus de órgano ejecutivo facultado para plantear, definir, consensuar y llevar la práctica una política de Estado para el desarrollo de la aeronáutica civil en Honduras, este nivel de deliberación ha sido, a juicio de los autores de la investigación, la clave del éxito en los países en donde los homólogos del CAN han funcionado haciendo aportes relevantes.Revista Ciencias Espaciales, Vol. 7(2) 2014, 74-95
Advanced Mathematical Thinking and Students’ Mathematical Learning: Reflection from Students’ Problem-Solving in Mathematics Classroom
Authors: Sangpom Wasukree , Suthisung Nisara , Kongthip Yanin , Inprasitha Maitree
Published: April 2016

Mathematical teaching in Thai tertiary education still employs traditional methods of explanation and the use of rules, formulae, and theories in order for students to memorize and apply to their mathematical learning. This results in students’ inability to concretely learn, fully comprehend and understand mathematical concepts and practice. In order to overcome this learning deficit, it is necessary that the concept of “reflection” be implemented in the teaching of this subject. It is believed that the adoption of this teaching concept will allow students to learn mathematics by themselves. This article is aimed at presenting mathematical problem-solving of undergraduate students on Calculus I. Concrete problems were assigned to students to participate, to improve students’ way of mathematical thinking, and to encourage the students’ mathematical learning and advanced mathematical thinking. The study was a qualitative research project conducted with first-year undergraduate students of Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon who had enrolled for Calculus I. Data were collected from interviews and field notes, along with video recordings. Findings showed that students succeeded in solving mathematical problems from simple to complex levels and using the subject fundamentals to connect to several methods of higher levels of thinking. Students also created effective means of problem-solving and applied these concepts to solve new problems.
Intact Cornual Ectopic Pregnancy and Dermoid Cyst With Intraoperative Rupture
Authors: Martingano Daniel , Martingano Francis X.
Published: April 2016

Of ectopic pregnancies encountered in clinical practice, more than 95% are located within the fallopian tube, and 2% to 4% are cornual. A cornual ectopic pregnancy is a serious clinical condition and poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Thus, understanding the clinical course and treatment options is essential. The authors describe the case of a 29-year-old woman who presented to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. The patient was suspected of having a cornual pregnancy, and a dermoid cyst had been detected during routine ultrasonography. In the absence of maternal symptoms, the clinical scenario is potentially dangerous and must be treated promptly and efficiently to decrease morbidity and mortality.
Low-ohmic-contact-resistance V-based electrode for n-type AlGaN with high AlN molar fraction
Authors: Mori Kazuki , Takeda Kunihiro , Kusafuka Toshiki , Iwaya Motoaki , Takeuchi Tetsuya , Kamiyama Satoshi , Akasaki Isamu , Amano Hiroshi
Published: April 2016

We investigated a V-based electrode for the realization of low ohmic-contact resistivity in n-type AlGaN with a high AlN molar fraction characterized by the circular transmission line model. The contact resistivity of n-type Al0.62Ga0.38N prepared using the V/Al/Ni/Au electrode reached 1.13 × 10−6 Ω cm2. Using this electrode, we also demonstrated the fabrication of UV light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with an emission wavelength of approximately 300 nm. An operating voltage of LED prepared using a V/Al/Ni/Au electrode was 1.6 V lower at 100 mA current injection than that prepared using a Ti/Al/Ti/Au electrode, with a specific contact resistance of approximately 2.36 × 10−4 Ω cm2 for n-type Al0.62Ga0.38N.
The damage is done: Low fault friction recorded in the damage zone of the shallow Japan Trench décollement
Authors: Keren Tucker T. , Kirkpatrick James D.
Published: April 2016

Fault damage zones record the integrated deformation caused by repeated slip on faults and reflect the conditions that control slip behavior. To investigate the Japan Trench décollement, we characterized the damage zone close to the fault from drill core recovered during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 343 (Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project (JFAST)). Core‐scale and microscale structures include phyllosilicate bands, shear fractures, and joints. They are most abundant near the décollement and decrease in density sharply above and below the fault. Power law fits describing the change in structure density with distance from the fault result in decay exponents (n) of 1.57 in the footwall and 0.73 in the hanging wall. Microstructure decay exponents are 1.09 in the footwall and 0.50 in the hanging wall. Observed damage zone thickness is on the order of a few tens of meters. Core‐scale structures dip between ~10° and ~70° and are mutually crosscutting. Compared to similar offset faults, the décollement has large decay exponents and a relatively narrow damage zone. Motivated by independent constraints demonstrating that the plate boundary is weak, we tested if the observed damage zone characteristics could be consistent with low‐friction fault. Quasi‐static models of off‐fault stresses and deformation due to slip on a wavy, frictional fault under conditions similar to the JFAST site predict that low‐friction fault produces narrow damage zones with no preferred orientations of structures. These results are consistent with long‐term frictional weakness on the décollement at the JFAST site.
Does Amazonian deforestation cause global effects; can we be sure?
Authors: Lorenz R. , Pitman A. J. , Sisson S. A.
Published: April 2016

Does Amazonian deforestation cause global‐scale teleconnections in the physical climate system? Some previous studies suggest that complete Amazon deforestation triggers global effects in temperature or precipitation, but other experiments did not find these remote effects. Some all‐of‐tropics deforestation experiments also found teleconnections, while others did not. Differences between these studies include scale of deforestation, strength of land‐atmosphere coupling, and methods used for statistical testing. We examine how apparent teleconnections due to the biophysical impact of Amazonian deforestation vary with the scale of deforestation, how these teleconnections respond to the number of ensemble members, and which statistical methods effectively screen internal climate variability. We show that testing for field significance is crucial; no local statistical test can effectively screen all internal climate variability. The number of statistically significant grid points outside Amazonia does not scale with increased deforestation for most seasons, and we only find field significance for the largest perturbation. Hence, in our simulations we only find statistically significant remote effects from Amazonian deforestation for very large and unrealistic perturbations, but we would have found apparently significant changes for small perturbations had we not used multiple ensembles and field significance testing.
Fault slip controlled by stress path and fluid pressurization rate
Authors: French Melodie E. , Zhu Wenlu , Banker Jeremy
Published: April 2016

The practice of injecting fluids into the crust is linked to regional increases in seismicity. Increasing fluid pressure along preexisting faults is believed to enhance seismicity rates by reducing the shear stress required for slip, but the processes that cause faults to slip under conditions of fluid pressurization are poorly constrained. We use experimental rock deformation to investigate the controls of fluid pressurization and pressurization rates on fault slip style. We show that pore fluid pressurization is less effective that mechanical changes in fault normal stress at initiating accelerated slip events. Fluid pressurization enhances the total slip, slip velocity, and shear stress drop of events initiated by mechanical changes in normal stress, and these parameters are correlated with pressurization rate, but not the magnitude of fluid pressure. This result is consistent with field‐scale observations and indicates that processes active at the pore network scale affect induced seismicity.