bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lower extremity kinematic analysis in male athletes with unilateral anterior cruciate reconstruction in a jump-landing task and its association with return to sport criteria
Authors: Norouzi Sadegh , Esfandiarpour Fateme , Mehdizadeh Sina , Yousefzadeh Nasim Kiani , Parnianpour Mohamad
Published: October 2019

Background

Return to sport (RTS) criteria are widely being used to identify anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed (ACLR) athletes ready to return to sportive activity and reduce risk of ACL re-injury. However, studies show a high rate of ACL re-injury in athletes who passed RTS criteria. This indicates that the current RTS criteria might not be sufficient to determine return to sport time in ACLR athletes. Previous studies have reported a close association between altered lower limb kinematics and ACL re-injury. However, it is not clear how lower extremity kinematics differs between ACLR athletes who passed the RTS-criteria and who failed. This study compared lower extremity kinematics in a jump-landing task between ACLR athletes who passed the RTS criteria (Limb symmetry in hop tests, quadriceps strength and questionnaires) to those who failed and to the healthy individuals.

Methods

Participants were 27 male football players with unilateral ACLR including 14 who passed -RTS criteria and 13 failed, and 15 healthy football players. A 3D motion capture system recorded participants’ lower extremity motion while performing 10 trials of a bilateral jump-landing task. Hip, knee and ankle angular motion were examined at initial contact. Two-way mixed analysis of variances (2 limbs × 3 groups) and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were performed to compare the joint angles between the limbs and groups.

Results

lower hip abduction angle was found in the failed (involved limb 4.1 ° ± 4.2) and passed RTS (involved limb 6.8° ± 3.3) groups compared to the healthy group (non-dominant limb 10.7° ± 3.7). Ankle inversion in the failed RTS (0.4° ± 4.9) group was significantly lower than both passed RTS (4.8° ± 4.8, p = 0.05) and healthy (8.2° ± 8.1, p < 0.001) groups. There were no significant differences between the groups in knee kinematics.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate reduced hip abduction during initial contact phase of landing in athletes returned to sport. Reduced hip abduction during the complex multiplanar movement of jump-landing is a risk factor for ACL re-injury. Current RTS criteria may not be sufficient to identify ACLR athletes at high risk of re-injury. The kinematic analysis in conjunction with current RTS criteria can provide additional insight into the return to sport decision making.
Acupuncture therapy for chronic low back pain: protocol of a prospective, multi-center, registry study
Authors: Wei Xuqiang , Liu Baoyan , He Liyun , Yang Xingyue , Zhou Jincao , Zhao Hong , Liu Jia
Published: October 2019

Objective

Acupuncture therapy for chronic low back pain (CLBP) has received increasing attention. Nevertheless, the evidence of efficacy and safety of random controlled trials (RCTs) remains controversial. Acupuncture as a complex intervention influenced by many factors, its effectiveness in treating chronic low back pain in the real world is unknown. We will develop a network-based registry study to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for the treatment of chronic low back pain and explore key factors affecting efficacy in the real world.

Methods

A prospective, multi-center and dynamic registry study. All acupuncture related information will be collected through a high-quality structured network platform. Patients with CLBP included in the study met the following criteria: age from 16 to 80 years, using acupuncture as a main therapy and voluntarily signing the informed consent. At least 2000 patients, 27 acupuncturist, and 9 medical centers will be recruited under actual clinical settings at the first stage. Numeric rating scale (NRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Effective rate will be measured in pain and functional disability assessment, respectively, as the primary outcome. Evaluation index will be collected at the baseline and follow-up in 1, 4, 12 weeks after the last visit. Hierarchical models and regression analysis will be used to explore the key factors affecting acupuncture effectiveness. Effects between propensity matching groups (Traditional Chinese acupuncture style vs Microacupuncture style, Local acupoint selection vs Non-local acupoint selection, Single Acupuncture vs Combined therapy) will be compared.

Discussion

This study will be conducted based on the characteristics of acupuncture therapy in the “Real World”. Fundamental factors affecting the clinical effectiveness of acupuncture and the preferred acupuncture regimen in the treatment of CLBP will be identified. Reliable acupuncture evidence for the treatment of CLBP through the registry will be a significant supplement to the RCTs.

Trial registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry,ChiCTR-OOC-17010751and Acupuncture-Moxibustion Clinical Trial Registry,AMCTR-OOO-17000045. Registered date on 3 December 2016.
A monocentric analysis of the efficacy of extracellular cryoprotectants in unfrozen solutions for cleavage stage embryos
Authors: Capodanno Francesco , Daolio Jessica , De Feo Gaetano , Falbo Angela , Morini Daria , Nicoli Alessia , Braglia Luca , Villani MariaTeresa , La Sala Giovanni B. , Parmegiani Lodovico , Aguzzoli Lorenzo
Published: October 2019

Background

In the absence of international guidelines indicating the usage of vitrification rather than slow-freezing, the study aim was to analyze a large cohort of slow-frozen/thawed embryos to produce a rationale supporting the standardization of IVF cryopreservation policy.

Methods

This retrospective analysis included 4779 cleavage stage embryos cryopreserved by slow-freezing/thawing from September 2009 to April 2017 at a single Center. Biological and clinical outcomes of three different commercial kits adopted sequentially, i.e. Vitrolife Cleave Kit® from Vitrolife (kit 1) vs. K-SICS-5000 Kit® and K-SITS-5000 Kit® from Cook Medical (kit 2) and Freeze/Thaw 1™ Kit® from Vitrolife (kit 3) were collected and compared in the light of cryoprotectants composition.

Results

Kit 3 compared to kit 1 and kit 2 showed significantly (P < 0.001) higher embryo survival (79.9% vs. 75.6 and 68.1%, respectively) and frozen embryo replacement (91.5% vs. 86.5 and 83.3%, respectively) rates, and significantly (P < 0.001) lower blastomere degeneration rate (41.5% vs. 43.6 and 52.4%, respectively). No significant difference for clinical outcomes was observed among kits. Only a slight positive trend was observed for kit 3 vs. kit 1 and kit 2 on delivery rate per thawing cycle (7.12% vs. 4.19 and 4.51%, respectively; P < 0.058) and live birth rate (3.07% vs. 2.59 and 1.93%, respectively, P < 0.069). Thawing solutions of kit 3 were similar to those of any warming protocol.

Conclusions

A defined concentration of extracellular cryoprotectants in thawing/warming solutions had a beneficial effect on the embryo cryosurvival rate. Results could provide the rationale for the adoption of a single standardized warming protocol.
The surgical management of locally advanced well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma: changes over the years according to the AJCC 8th edition Cancer Staging Manual
Authors: Metere Alessio , Aceti Valerio , Giacomelli Laura
Published: October 2019

Background

Well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma is defined as locally advanced in the presence of an extra thyroid extension, e.g., when the surrounding structures such as the trachea, larynx, esophagus and main blood vessels are invaded by cancer. The 8th edition AJCC Cancer Staging Manual states that this is the main characteristic to evaluate for the staging and consequently for the prognosis in patients over 55 years old.

Main body

Distinguishing different forms of locally advanced thyroid cancer is essential, and the various anatomical structures and the clinical and therapeutic consequences must be taken into account. An accurate diagnosis of the organs invaded by thyroid cancer is necessary for the planning of surgical treatment, and both aspects are crucial to improving the patients’ survival. Patients affected by thyroid cancer with extra thyroid extension have a poor prognosis and the removal of the entire neoplasm represents a key factor for better disease-free survival.

Conclusions

We discuss the changes introduced by the 8th edition AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, in terms of the diagnostic and surgical management of extra thyroid extension, in patients affected by papillary and follicular thyroid cancer.
Technical efficiency of neonatal health services in primary health care facilities of Southwest Ethiopia: a two-stage data envelopment analysis
Authors: Yitbarek Kiddus , Abraham Gelila , Adamu Ayinengida , Tsega Gebeyehu , Berhane Melkamu , Hurlburt Sarah , Mann Carlyn , Woldie Mirkuzie
Published: October 2019

Background

Disparity in resource allocation is an issue among various health delivery units in Ethiopia. To sufficiently address this problem decision-makers require evidence on efficient allocation of resources. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the technical efficiency of primary health care units providing neonatal health services in Southwest Ethiopia.

Methods

Two-stage data envelopment analysis was conducted based on one-year (2016/17) data from 68 health posts and 23 health centers in Southwest Ethiopia. Primary data were collected from each of the facility, respective district health offices and finance and economic cooperation offices. Technical efficiency scores were calculated using data envelopment analysis software version 2.1. Tobit regression was then applied to identify determinants of technical efficiency. STATA version 14 was used in the regression model and for descriptive statistics.

Results

By utilizing the best combination of inputs, eight health posts (11.76%) and eight health centers (34.78%) were found to be technically efficient in delivering neonatal health services. Compared with others included in the analysis, inefficient health delivery units were using more human and non-salary recurrent resources. The regression model indicated that there was a positive association between efficiency and the health center head’s years of experience and the facility’s catchment population. Waiting time at the health posts was found to negatively affect efficiency.

Conclusions

Most of health posts and the majority of health centers were found to be technically inefficient in delivering neonatal health services. This indicates issues with the performance of these facilities with regards to the utilization of inputs to produce the current outputs. The existing resources could be used to serve additional neonates in the facilities.
“Streets of Fire” revisited: contact burns
Authors: Kowal-Vern Areta , Matthews Marc R. , Richey Karen N. , Ruiz Kathy , Peck Michael , Jain Arpana , Foster Kevin N.
Published: October 2019

Background

Pavement-street contact burns are rare. This study compared recent contact burns to those published in “Pavement temperature and burns: Streets of Fire” in 1995. The hypothesis was that there were a significantly increased number of pavement-street burns, as a result of increased ambient temperatures, and that motor vehicle crash (MVC) contact burns were less severe than pavements-street burns.

Methods

This was a retrospective burn center registry study of naturally heated surface contact burns during May to September from 2016 to 2018. Statistical analyses were performed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Maximum Likelihood chi-squared for age, percent of total burn surface area (% TBSA), treatment, hospitalization, comorbidities, hospital charges, mortality, ambient, and surface temperatures (pavement, asphalt, rocks).

Results

In the 1995 study, median ambient temperatures were 106 (range 100–113) °F compared to the 108 (range 86–119) °F highest noon temperature in the current study. No ambient temperature differences were recorded on days with pavement burn admissions compared to days without these admissions. There were 225 pavement, 27 MVC, 15 road rash, and 103 other contact burns. The major injuries in the pavement group were due to being “down” (unknown reason), falls, and barefoot. Compared to the others, the pavement group was older, 56+ years, p < 0.001, and had smaller burns but similar length of stay. Fifty percent of the 225 pavement group patients with full-thickness burns required skin grafts. There were 13 (6%) fatalities in the pavement group vs 1 (4%) in the MVC group, p = 0.01. Fatalities were secondary to sepsis, shock, cardiac, respiratory, or kidney complications. Compared to survivors, the non-survivors had a significantly higher % TBSA (10% vs 4%), p = 0.01, and lower Glasgow Coma Scores (10 vs 15), p = 0.002.

Conclusion

There was a median 2 °F increase in ambient temperature since 1995. The increase in pavement burn admissions was multi-factorial: higher temperatures, population, and the number of older patients, with increased metropolis expansion, outreach, and urban heat indices. Pavement group was similar to the MVC group except for significantly older age and increased mortality. Morbidity associated with age contributed to increased mortality.
Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) development by landmark-based geometric morphometrics of cephalopharyngeal skeleton: a preliminary assessment for forensic entomology application
Authors: Sim Li-Xuan , Zuha Raja M.
Published: October 2019

Background

Considering the practicality of geometric morphometrics which could discriminate insect species, this application was extended to the analysis of blow fly larval growth based on cephalopharyngeal skeleton. In forensic entomology, cephalopharyngeal skeleton plays a crucial role in species identification but the morphometric information of this part is scarce. In this study, Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) was reared in two study replicates in natural conditions and samplings were conducted at fixed daily intervals. Cephalopharyngeal skeletons were removed from larvae and mounted on glass slides. Images were obtained from the specimens; digitized and geometric morphometric analysis on C. megacephala cephalopharyngeal skeletons was performed with MorphoJ software based on the ordination of five landmarks. The assessments of this analysis were based on centroid size measurements, visualization on the landmarks displacements, classification of the relative landmarks by using canonical variate analysis, and ontogenetic allometry determination.

Findings

Centroid size was strongly correlated with developmental time (p < 0.05) and significantly different between daily intervals (p < 0.05). Ontogenetic allometric effect based on multivariate regression on Procrustes coordinates and centroid size was significant (p < 0.0001), indicating that shape was influenced by growth (60.3%). Disposition occurred on all landmarks during development and was further discriminated based on age groups.

Conclusions

Other than discriminating between species, geometric morphometrics was found to be practical to visualize larval growth based on cephalopharyngeal skeletons which can be useful in forensic entomology.
Technical approach and outcomes of failed infrarenal endovascular aneurysm repairs rescued with fenestrated and branched endografts
Authors: Manunga Jesse , Stanberry Larissa I. , Alden Peter , Alexander Jason , Skeik Nedaa , Stephenson Elliot , Titus Jessica , Karam Joseph , Teng Xiaoyi , Sullivan Timothy
Published: October 2019

Background

Endovascular rescue of failed infrarenal repair (EVAR) has emerged as an attractive option to stent graft explantation. The procedure, however, is underutilized due to limited devices accessibility and the challenges associated with their implantation in this patient population. The purpose of this study was to report our outcomes and discuss our approach to rescuing previously failed infrarenal endovascular aneurysm repairs (EVAR) with fenestrated/branched endografts (f/b-EVAR).

Methods

A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of consecutive patients with failed EVAR rescued with f/b-EVAR at our institution from November 2013 to March 2019 was conducted. The study primary end point was technical success; defined as the implantation of the device with no type I a/b or type III endoleak or conversion to open repair. Secondary endpoints included major adverse events (MAEs), graft patency and reintervention rates.

Results

During this time, 202 patients with complex aortic aneurysms were treated with f/b-EVAR. Of these, 19 patients (Male: 17, mean age 79 ± 7 years) underwent repair for failed EVAR. The median time from failed repair to f/b-EVAR was 48 (30, 60) months. Treatment failure was attributed to stent graft migration in 9 (47.4%) patients, disease progression in 5 (26.3%), short initial neck in 3 (15.8%) and unable to be determined in 2 (10.5%). Three patients were treated urgently with surgeon modified stent graft. Technical success was achieved in 18 patients (95%), including two who had undergone emergent repair for rupture. Seventy-two targeted vessels (97.3%) were successfully incorporated. Sixteen (84.2%) patients required a thoracoabdominal repair to achieve a durable seal. Major adverse events (MAEs) occurred in 3 patients (15.7%) including paralysis and death in one (5.3%), compartment syndrome and temporary dialysis in another and laparotomy with snorkeling of one renal and bypass of the other in the third patient. Median (IQR) hospital length of stay was 3 (2, 4) days. Late reintervention, primary target vessel patency and primary assisted patency rates were 5.3%, 98.6% and 100%, respectively.

Conclusion

Implantation of f/b-EVAR in patients with failed previous EVAR is a challenging undertaking that can be performed safely with a high technical success and low reintervention rates.
Deep-learning-based motion-correction algorithm in optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy
Authors: Chen Xingxing , Qi Weizhi , Xi Lei
Published: October 2019

In this study, we propose a deep-learning-based method to correct motion artifacts in optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM). The method is a convolutional neural network that establishes an end-to-end map from input raw data with motion artifacts to output corrected images. First, we performed simulation studies to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. Second, we employed this method to process images of rat brain vessels with multiple motion artifacts to evaluate its performance for in vivo applications. The results demonstrate that this method works well for both large blood vessels and capillary networks. In comparison with traditional methods, the proposed method in this study can be easily modified to satisfy different scenarios of motion corrections in OR-PAM by revising the training sets.
Chitooligosaccharides from squid pen prepared using different enzymes: characteristics and the effect on quality of surimi gel during refrigerated storage
Authors: Singh Avtar , Benjakul Soottawat , Prodpran Thummanoon
Published: October 2019

Chitooligosaccharides (COS) from squid pen produced using amylase, lipase and pepsin were characterized. COS produced by 8% (w/w) lipase (COS-L) showed the maximum FRAP and ABTS radical scavenging activity than those prepared using other two enzymes. COS-L had the average molecular weight (MW) of 79 kDa, intrinsic viscosity of 0.41 dL/g and water solubility of 49%. DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activities, FRAP and ORAC of COS-L were 5.68, 322.68, 5.66 and 42.20 μmol TE/g sample, respectively. Metal chelating activity was 2.58 μmol EE/g sample. For antibacterial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of COS-L against the targeted bacteria were in the range of 0.31–4.91 mg/mL and 0.62–4.91 mg/mL, respectively. Sardine surimi gel added with 1% (w/w) COS-L showed the lower PV, TBARS and microbial growth during 10 days of storage at 4 °C. COS-L from squid pen could inhibit lipid oxidation and extend the shelf-life of refrigerated sardine surimi gel.

Graphical abstract
Effect of perforation on borehole acoustic wave logging: Modeling and application
Authors: Li Huan-Ran , Gu Xi-Hao , Zhang Cong-Hui , Su Yuan-Da , Tang Xiao-Ming
Published: October 2019

In hydraulic-fracturing design and oil-recovery efficiency prediction, quantitative evaluation of perforation and its penetration depth is often desired, for which an effective method needs to be developed. We have developed a perforated cased-borehole model for the field test configuration and simulated the elastic wave propagation in the model excited by a borehole monopole source using the finite-difference method. After a multivariate regression analysis, the simulation results yield a relationship for the perforation penetration depth versus the induced P-wave traveltime change and formation slowness. For field application purposes, borehole array acoustic logging with a perforated borehole model is simulated. The calculated waveform data, in conjunction with the above-mentioned relationship, yield an accurate estimate of the perforation penetration depth. A field perforation test is used to develop application of our method.
Against Aspiration: The Psychogeography of Berlin-Kreuzberg in Stephan Geene’s Umsonst
Authors: Röhrborn Anne
Published: October 2019

Stephan Geene’s film Umsonst premiered in the Forum program at the 2014 Berlinale. A portrait of postmillennial Berlin-Kreuzberg, the film in crucial ways takes its inspiration from the French New Wave and the Situationist International. It focuses on members of a young generation who oppose the economic determinations that frame experience in advanced capitalism. They refuse to fit in and “aspire” and instead become drifters. Employing what the Situationists called a psychogeographic approach, Umsonst probes the prevalent discourses and historical mythologies of Kreuzberg and, in so doing, furthers understanding of how the people who now inhabit it exist and interact.
Searching for a Storyteller, Remediating the Archive: Philip Scheffner’s Halfmoon Files
Authors: Landry Olivia
Published: October 2019

Spurred by the search for the identity of a colonial soldier captured in Germany during World War I, who left his trace in the form of a story in the sound archive in Berlin, Philip Scheffner’s documentary film The Halfmoon Files (2007) is an excavation of an obscured moment in early twentieth-century German history. By way of the figure of the storyteller, read intertextually with Walter Benjamin, this article explores Scheffner’s film as the site of the collision of history and media, where materials of the past come alive in the present through remediation, through which new media revisit the old. The article asserts that the ghost of the storyteller, which haunts this film, returns not in the form of a person but as a hypermedial experience.
Developing pedagogical practices under umbrellas of different colours
Authors: Heikkinen Hannu L. T.
Published: October 2019

Artikli eesmärk on tutvustada õpetamise täiustamise võimalusi, milles kombineeritakse tegevõpetajate kutsetööd teadusuuringutega. Ajalooliselt on tegevusuuring, mida hakati rakendama 1940. aastatel, neist uurimisviisidest kõige vanem. Pärast seda on välja pakutud mitmeid raamistikke, mis ühendavad praktilise õpetamistegevuse akadeemiliste püüdlustega, nt arendusuuring, translatiivne uuring, tööviise arendav uuring ja praktikute teadusuuringud ning nende arvukad versioonid ja kombinatsioonid. Selle artikli teine eesmärk on uurida filosoofilisest ja teoreetilisest vaatenurgast uurimistöö teoreetiliste ja praktiliste eesmärkide seost, ühendades Aristotelese klassikalised seisukohad epistemoloogia kohta Jürgen Habermasi teadmiste ja inimlike huvide teooriaga. Metodoloogiana kasutatakse teaduskirjanduse teoreetilist ja filosoofilist analüüsi.
 Full text
Developing pedagogical practices under umbrellas of different colours
Authors: Heikkinen Hannu L. T.
Published: October 2019

The aim of this article is to introduce different ways to conceptualise approaches aimed at improving practices by combining practitioners’ professional work and research. In historical terms, the oldest of these approaches is action research which was introduced in the 1940’s. Thereafter, approaches combining practical work with academic aspirations have been conceptualised in a number of ways, such as design research, translational research, developmental work research (DWR) and practitioner research, and their numerous versions and combinations. Secondly, the purpose of this paper is, from a philosophical and theoretical perspective, to examine the relationship between theoretical and practical aims of research by integrating Aristotle’s classical views on epistemology with the theory of knowledge and human interests of Jürgen Habermas. The methodological approach of this article is a theoretical and philosophical analysis of the literature.
A teacher performing action research: capturing pupils’ perspectives of didactic relations
Authors: Niemi Reetta
Published: October 2019

Selle uurimuse tarbeks olen õpetaja ja teadlasena uurinud enda kui õpetaja tööd. Artiklis vastan küsimusele, kuidas kasutada pedagoogilist tegevusuuringut metoodikana, mis võimaldab saada ülevaate sellest, kuidas õpilased tajuvad didaktilisi suhteid. Kirjeldan, kuidas mul õnnestus saavutada õppekavas püstitatud eesmärke ning samal ajal koos õpilastega koguda ja analüüsida uurimisandmeid. Artiklis kasutatud andmed on kogutud narratiivses vormis ja need koosnevad 4. klassi õpilaste loodud 136 pildist ja 25 audiovisuaalsest materjalist (20 pildiraamatut, kolm iMovie videot ja kaks PowerPointi esitlust). Tehtud uuring toetas mitmel tasandil õpilaste kaasatust, mis on pedagoogilise tegevusuuringu põhieesmärk. Õpilastel oli võimalik valida rakendusi ja nii palju pilte, kui nad soovisid. Uuringus kasutatud meetodid pakkusid õpilastele võimalusi avaldada arvamust ainedidaktika ja didaktika põhiküsimuste kohta – mida, kuidas ja miks õppida? – ning võimaldasid mul kujundada oma õpetamistavasid vastavalt õpilaste soovidele. Samas ei suutnud ma selle uuringu raames välja selgitada õpilaste seisukohti nende ja minu vaheliste pedagoogiliste suhete kohta. 
 Full text
A teacher performing action research: capturing pupils’ perspectives of didactic relations
Authors: Niemi Reetta
Published: October 2019

In this practitioner research, I work as a teacher-researcher and examine my own teaching. In the paper I have answered the question: How can pedagogical action research be used as a methodology in capturing pupils’ perceptions of didactic relations? In this article I describe how I was able to implement the goals set in the curriculum and at the same time collect and analyse data with my pupils. The data for this paper is narrative and it comprises 136 pictures and 25 audio-visual artefacts (20 picture books, three iMovie videos and two PowerPoint presentations) created by 4th grade students. This study supported the pupils’ agency, the core goal of pedagogical action research, on many levels. The pupils were able to choose the number of pictures and the application they wanted to use. The methods used in the study also worked in launching pupils’ perspectives of subject didactics and issues connected to the traditional classification of didactics: what to study, how to study and what purpose to study for and gave me an opportunity to develop my teaching according to the pupils’ wishes. However, in the study I failed to reveal the pupils’ perspectives of the pedagogical relationship between them and myself.
The process of essay writing in a literature course: the student’s views and the tutor’s feedback
Authors: Org Andrus
Published: October 2019

Essee on oma olemuselt terviklik kirjatöö, arvamuse või suhtumise sügavuti väljendus mingil kindlal teemal. Kõrgkoolipedagoogikas on akadeemilist ehk Inglise stiilis esseed kasutatud enamasti individuaalse hindelise kirjutamisülesandena, mis võimaldab subjektiivseid vaatenurki siduda filosoofiliste või teaduslike seisukohtadega. Siinse artikli eesmärk on käsitleda akadeemilise essee kui arutleva tekstitüübi kirjutamisega seotud metodoloogilisi probleeme kirjutamisõpetuse vaatenurgast. Artikkel tugineb tegevusuuringule, mis hõlmab Tartu Ülikooli kultuuriteaduste instituudi eesti kirjanduse eriala bakalaureuseastme kursuse "Proosateksti analüüs" viimase nelja aasta arendustööd. Eri aastakäikude kursustelt kogutud andmete kvalitatiivsest analüüsist selgub, et peamised raskused essee kirjutamisel puudutavad mitmesuguseid tekstiloomeoskusi, nt sobiva analüüsitasandi ja -meetodi valimist, tervikteksti ülesehitust, lõigu struktuuri ja sidusust, argumentide sõnastust. Samas aitasid mitmed ainedidaktilised muudatused – individuaalne konsultatsioon, essee etapiviisiline kirjutamine, nii esma- kui ka lõppvariandi tagasisidestamine – esseede kvaliteeti ja lõpphinnet oluliselt parandada. Artiklis antakse mitmeid didaktilisi soovitusi ja jagatakse veendumust, et essee kirjutamist on võimalik alati tõhusamalt õpetada.
 Summary
Developing literacy in Estonian as L1: bridges and gaps
Authors: Aruvee Merilin , Puksand Helin
Published: October 2019

Inimesed suhtlevad tekstide vahendusel ja nii on tekstikesksel emakeeleõpetusel oluline roll kirjaoskuse saavutamises. Kirjaoskuse kui üldpädevuse peab aga tagama kool tervikuna. Uurimuse probleemina selgitatakse, kuidas eesti keele ja kirjanduse õpetaja teksti vastuvõttu õpetab ning tekste süsteemse keeleõpetusega seob, et sedamööda leida võimalusi kirjaoskuse koostöiseks õpetamiseks aine- ja keeleõppe lõimingus. Eesmärk on õpetajate kogemuse alusel osutada eesti keele ja kirjanduse didaktika arenguvõimalustele ning kirjeldada eesti keele rolli suhtluspädevuse õpetamisel. Põhistatud uurimusest järeldub, et tekstikeskne keeleõpetus jääb kirjaoskuse arendamisel pigem kõrvale, uut kirjaoskust arendatakse tagasihoidlikult. Samas ilmneb tekstivalikute kaudu emakeeleõpetuse interdistsiplinaarsus. Et arendada kirjaoskuse koostöise õpetamise metoodikat ja tekstikeskset keeleõpetust, pakutakse artiklis ideid nii ülikooli eesti keele ainedidaktika arendamiseks kui ka kirjaoskusõpetuse lõimimiseks õpetajakoolitusse.
 Summary
Mõtteid seoses John Hattie ja Gregory Yatesi raamatuga "Nähtav õppimine ja teadus sellest, kuidas me õpime"
Authors: Kikas Eve
Published: October 2019

Artiklis antakse ülevaade raamatus käsitletavatest teemadest. Täpsemalt analüüsitakse mõningaid intrigeerivaid väiteid, nagu "mõistus ei ole loodud õppimiseks", "head teadmised takistavad õpetamist", "õpetaja peaks olema muutuste põhjustaja", mis suunavad lugejat mõtlema. Raamatu tugev külg on ka tekstikastid ja küsimused järelemõtlemiseks. Tegu on vajaliku raamatuga, kuid selleks, et saada põhjalik ülevaade õppimisest ja õpetamisest, on sellele lisaks vaja lugeda teisi raamatuid.
A Model of Rational Retrials in Queues
Authors: Cui Shiliang , Su Xuanming , Veeraraghavan Senthil
Published: October 2019

Customers often wait in queues before being served. Because waiting is undesirable, customers may come back later (i.e., retry) when the queue is too long. However, retrial attempts can be costly as a result of transportation fees and service delays. This paper introduces a framework for rational retrial decisions in stationary queues. Our approach accommodates retrials in queues by replicating the Naor's model [ Naor P (1969) The regulation of queue size by levying tolls. Econometrica 37(1):15–24.] repeatedly over time periods. Within each period, we study an observable queue in which customers make rational state-dependent decisions to join, balk, or retry in a future period. We focus on a stationary environment where all arrivals, including new and retrying customers, will face the steady-state distribution of the system in equilibrium. Equilibrium analysis on customers’ decision making is necessary, as they choose optimal strategies corresponding to the stationary queueing dynamics that are in turn determined by their decisions. We characterize the equilibria in both stable and overloaded systems. We find the following: (1) Compared with a system without retrials, the additional option to retry can hurt consumer welfare. (2) Compared with the socially optimal decisions, surprisingly, self-interested customers retry insufficiently (they join overly long queues) when the retrial cost is low and retry too often when the retrial cost is high. (3) Self-interested (retrial) customers can generate positive externalities by smoothing workload over time.
Secondary colonic stent insertion in acute large bowel obstruction following primary stent failure
Authors: Lazzaro A , Saini A , Elton C , Atkin GK , Mitchell IC , Lotzof K , Marcus A , Mathur P , Boyle DJ
Published: October 2019

Introduction

Colonic stent insertion has been shown to be an effective treatment for patients with acute large bowel obstruction, either as a bridge to surgery or as definitive treatment. However, little is known of the role of secondary stent insertion following primary stent failure in patients considered inappropriate or high risk for emergency surgery.

Methods

Fourteen patients presenting with acute large bowel obstruction who had previously been treated with colonic stent insertion were studied. All underwent attempted placement of a secondary stent.

Results

Technical deployment of the stent was accomplished in 12 patients (86%) but only 9 (64%) achieved clinical decompression. Successful deployment and clinical decompression of a secondary stent was associated with older age (p=0.038). Sex, pathology, site of obstruction, duration of efficacy of initial stent and cause of primary failure were unrelated to outcome. No procedure related morbidity or mortality was noted following repeated intervention.

Conclusions

Secondary colonic stent insertion appears an effective, safe treatment in the majority of patients presenting with acute large bowel obstruction following failure of a primary stent.
Preventing interview falsifications during fieldwork in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)
Authors: Bergmann Michael , Schuller Karin , Malter Frederic
Published: October 2019

The fabrication of an entire interview, is a rare event in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) but can nevertheless lead to negative consequences regarding the panel sample, such as a loss in sample size or the need for time-consuming data corrections of information collected in previous waves. The work presented in this article started with the discovery of a case of interviewer fabrication after fieldwork for the sixth wave of SHARE was completed. As a consequence, we developed a technical procedure to identify interview fabrication and deal with it during ongoing fieldwork in the seventh wave. Unlike previous work that often used small experimental datasets and/or only a few variables to identify fake interviews, we implemented a more complex approach with a multivariate cluster analysis using many indicators from the available CAPI data and paradata. Analyses with the known outcome (interview fabrication or not) in wave 6 revealed that we were able to correctly identify a large number of the truly faked interviews while keeping the rate of ‘false alarms’ rather low. With these promising results, we started using the same script during the fieldwork for wave 7. We provided the survey agencies with information for targeted (instead of random) back checks to increase the likelihood of confirming our initial suspicion. The results show that only a very small number of interview fabrications could be unequivocally identified.
A review and evaluation of the use of longitudinal approaches in business surveys
Authors: Smith Paul A. , Yung Wesley
Published: October 2019

Business surveys are not generally considered to be longitudinal by design. However, the largest businesses are almost always included in each wave of recurrent surveys because they are essential for producing good estimates; and short-period business surveys frequently make use of rotating panel designs to improve the estimates of change by inducing sample overlaps between different periods. These design features mean that business surveys share some methodological challenges with longitudinal surveys. We review the longitudinal methods and approaches that can be used to improve the design and operation of business surveys, giving examples of their use. We also look in the other direction, considering the aspects of longitudinal analysis that have the potential to improve the accuracy, relevance and interpretation of business survey outputs.
Growing Up in Ireland
Authors: McNamara Eoin , Murray Aisling , Williams James
Published: October 2019

Growing Up in Ireland (GUI) is a two-cohort, longitudinal study of children and young people. The study aims to describe the health and development of Irish children across a range of topics; these include physical and mental health, family socio-demographic status, education, and the child’s behaviour, attitudes and key relationships. The study has been collecting data since 2007, beginning with a child cohort at nine years old (n = 8,568) and then an infant cohort at nine months old (n = 11,134). These data provide researchers and policy makers with a unique analytical tool to explore the well-being of children in Ireland. This paper provides an overview of all the stages involved in the development of the study, from its inception, to the establishment of the study’s aims, objectives and design, the ongoing data collection and panel maintenance, and the many uses of GUI data today.
CATATAN KEKAYAAN JENIS GASTROPODA DI PESISIR PULAU LETI, KAWASAN BANDA SELATAN
Authors: Islami Muhammad Masrur
Published: October 2019

Note on species richness of gastropods in coastal area of Leti Island, southern Banda was conducted as a part of Southern Banda Expedition on October 7-16, 2015. Sample collection was carried out by hand picking in Serwaru, Tutukey village, Leti Island, Southwest Maluku.  A total of 125 individu from 25 species of gastropods was found. The highest number of individu is Clypeomorus moniliferus. Generally, gastropods found in this area were associated with rocky hard substrate.
CLONING, EXPRESSION, AND PARTIAL PURIFICATION OF PLANTARICIN W LOCUS PRODUCED BY Lactobacillus plantarum S34
Authors: Umami Rifqiyah Nur , Mustopa Apon Zaenal , Sukmarini Linda , Danuri Hasim , Putri Andini Setyanti , Wibowo Krisna Dwi Aria
Published: October 2019

Lactobacillus plantarum S34 dilaporkan mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri yang terkait dengan produksi bakteriosin. Bagian dari gen yang menyandikan salah satu lokus bakteriosin yang diproduksi oleh L. plantarum S34, disebut dengan plantarisin W (plnW), diamplifikasi dari plasmid dan dikloning menggunakan sistem vektor pGEM®-T Easy ke dalam Escherichia coli DH5?. Sekuens nukleotida plnW (± 405 pb) diidentifikasi sebagai protein integral membran. Lebih lanjut, plnW diekspresikan secara heterologus sebagai fusi protein dengan His(6)-tag tioredoksin menggunakan vektor ekspresi pET-32a(+) ke dalam E. coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS. Protein fusi rekombinan plnW terdapat dalam sitoplasma sel, tetapi selain fraksi terlarut terdapat juga fraksi tidak terlarut berupa badan inklusi. Purifikasi parsial dilakukan menggunakan kromatografi afinitas ligan Co2+ untuk fraksi terlarut dan metode elektroelusi gel poliakrilamid untuk fraksi tidak terlarut. Massa molekul berukuran kurang lebih 33 kDa terdeteksi berdasarkan pemisahan SDS-PAGE dan dikonfirmasi dengan Western blot sebagai protein fusi rekombinan plnW. Protein yang sudah terpurifikasi bermanfaat untuk mengetahui kaitan antara struktur dan fungsi bakteriosin.
PENGELOLAAN AIR, BAHAN ORGANIK DAN VARIETAS ADAPTIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL PADI DI LAHAN RAWA PASANG SURUT
Authors: Koesrini Koesrini , Anwar Khairil
Published: October 2019

Iron toxicity is a factor causing low rice yield on tidal swamp land (TSL).Soil quality improvement by using water management, organic matter and introducing adaptable varietywere some options to increaseits productivity in the soils. Field experiment was conducted to  evaluate effects of applying water management, organic matter and adaptable variety to increase its productivity on a TSL of KP Belandean, Barito Kuala District of South Kalimantan, during dry season of 2010. The research was arranged in a split-split-plot design with three  replicates. The main plots were two water management, i.e: P0 = without water management (control) and P1= intermittent water management, while sub plots were three organic matter application, i.e: B0 = without organic matter application (control), B1 = straw  compost 3 t/ha, B2 = manure 2 t/ha, and sub sub plots were five rice varieties, i.e. V1 = Mekongga, V2 = Inpari 1, V3 = Ciherang, V4 = Silugonggo and V5 = Margasari. The result showed that there was interaction between water management and variety tested on rice yield in TSL. The highest yield was reached by Inpari 1 variety which treatment intermitten water management, with  yield i.e. 5.390 t/ ha.Silugonggo and Ciherang was not suitable to cultivate on TSL. The implication of this research was variety recomendation on a tidal swamp land, i.e. Inpari 1 variety and intermitten water management.
POTENSI SERAPAN CO2 PADA BEBERAPA JENIS KANTONG SEMAR (Nepenthes spp.) DATARAN RENDAH
Authors: Mansur Muhammad
Published: October 2019

Pitcher plants (Nepenthes spp.) that known as “Carnivorous plants”, has a role in CO2 absorption. However, how much contribution to the CO2 absorption has not been studied. This study was aimed to provide information on CO2 absorption of some Nepenthes species particularly lowland species. This study was conducted at Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences,  Cibinong Science Center, Cibinong-West Java in June 2014 . A portable LCi ADC Bioscientific Ltd. Photosynthesis System was used to measure the absorption of CO2 directly. Measurement was conducted on 45 individuals of 15 species of Nepenthes with three replications for each species. The results showed that there was a variation of CO2 absorption rate on the lowland Nepenthes species, which was between 3.74 to 12.15 µmol m-2 s-1. The highest CO2 absorption was N. mirabilis (12.15 µmol m-2 s-1), followed by N. gracilis (9.71 µmol m-2s-1) and N. reinwardtiana (9.30 µmol m-2 s-1). While the lowest CO2 absorption occured in N. ampullaria (3.74 µmol m-2 s-1), N. hispida (3.75 µmol m -2 s-1) and N. bicalcarata (4.53 µmol m-2 s-1). Mature leaves of each species were recorded to have a highest CO2 absorption, transpiration and chlorophyll content than those of the young leaves.
MIKROBA ENDOFIT DARI TANAMAN SRIKAYA (Annona squamosa L.) SEBAGAI PENGHASIL ANTIMIKROBA Staphylococcus aureus DAN Candida albicans
Authors: Melliawati Ruth , Sunifah Sunifah
Published: October 2019

Various studies indicated that endophytic microbes lived in the plant tissues and produced antimicrobial compounds. Sugar-apple plant  (Annona squamosa L) contained alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, and flavonoids. The purpose of this reasearch were (1) to determine the endophytic microbes isolated from sugar-apple plant (2) to study inhibiting capabillity of endophytic isolate against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, (3) to analyze antimicrobial compounds produced by the potential endophytic isolate. Diffusion agar plate methode was used to assessed antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial compounds were analyzed by Thin Layer Chormatography (TLC) and High Performance Liquid Chormatography (HPLC), compared with erythromycin, metronidazole and tetracycline. Twelve bacterial isolates and 24 fungus were isolated. Selected bacteria, BMC 1.1, showed the biggest clear zone on C. albicans culture on agar medium, meanwhile selected fungi, BTCK 1.1T, formed the biggest colony on S. aureus culture on agar medium. TLC and HPLC analysis showed that the Rf value of BMC 1.1 and BTCK 1.1T chloroform phase fractions was similiar to metronidazole. Metronidazole concentration in C1, C2, Ck1 and Ck2 fraction were 170.98 ppm, 18.27 ppm, 1.51 ppm and 4.14 ppm respectively.
INDUKSI BIAK KALUS DAN BIAK SUSPENSI SEL Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.
Authors: Leksonowati Aryani , Witjaksono Witjaksono , Ratnadewi Diah
Published: October 2019

Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. is a plant species producing fragrant woody material that contains some resin. The compounds can be used as medicine and perfume. Sesquiterpenoid, one group of compounds has been found being synthesized and subsequently extracted from callus and cell suspension culture of Aquilaria species. The aim of this research was to find a method of producing friable calli and cell suspension cultures from leaves or internodes of A. malaccensis in vitro by using suitable plant growth regulators; cell suspension that will suitably serve as material to produce sesquiterpenoid afterwards. Calli were established in almost all treatments of auxin-cytokinin on both leaves and internod explants. The treatment of 10 mg/L IBA induced the highest percentage of callus coverage from leaves with a rather compact structure. The combined treatment of 1–2 mg/L 2.4-D and 0.2–0.3 mg/L BA induced friable callus formation in more than 80% of cultures with 27–32% callus coverage percentage.  The use of 2,4-D induced a better formation of cell suspension than Picloram, with maximum volume up to 7 mL. Cell suspension culture with fine and homogenous aggregate could be established in the medium supplemented with 0.5 –1 mg/L 2,4-D.
KERAGAMAN BAKTERI PENGHASIL ENZIM PENGHIDROLISIS NITRIL DI PULAU ENGGANO BENGKULU
Authors: Riffiani Rini , Sulistinah Nunik
Published: October 2019

Potential nitrile degrading microbes have been isolated from marine sponge, marine water and soil in Enggano Island. Nitrilase enzyme has a function in degrading nitrile compund. Nitrilases are important industrial enzymes because of their ability to produce biologically active to degrade enantiomers, such as S-(+)-1-(4’-isobutylphenyl) propionic acid (S-(+)-ibuprofen) and R-(-) mandelic acid. Mandelic acids, which are important as pharmaceutical intermediates, can be produced in enantiomerically pure form by the hydrolysis of their corresponding nitrile. The aim of the study was to explore the diversity of nitrile degrading bacteria in Enggano Island, and their ability to utilize nitrile as a substrate growth. Screening of such microbes were carried out by using microtitter plate method based on growth ability tested by INT (Iodonitrotetrazoliumchloride). Degradation product was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Seventy nine bacteria were able to grow on acetamide, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, adiponitrile, mandelonitrile, succinonitrile, lactonitrile, dan benzilcyanide as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. Two isolates, YIM 56238 and PO69, have shown to enantioselectively hydrolyze racemic mandelonitrile to mandelic acid. Based on 16S rRNA gene identification, these bacteria have the highest sequence similarity to Microccous endophyticus strain YIM 56238 and Rhodococcus pyridinivorans strain PO69.
ANALISA GENETIK PISANG HIBRID DIPLOID BERDASARKAN MARKA RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)
Authors: Martanti Diyah , Poerba Yuyu Suryasari , Herlina Herlina
Published: October 2019

Banana breeding by crosses is one way to get new cultivars with a better quality. This study aims to verify molecular characteristic of diploid hibrid bananas i.e MDRK, SNMT and MDMT using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Ten RAPD primers have been selected to detect the differences in molecular pattern from all three diploid hybrid bananas. The results showed that the hybrid combination of MDRK, SNMT and MDMT produced bands that shared some similarities with each parents by 43.83%, 51.25% and 47.21% respectively as the number of bands from type I, III and IV markers. Type III marker is the important marker for identification of male parents. Type VII marker (non-parent bands) was detected from hybrid MDRK, SNMT and MDMT by 18 (20.22%), 6 (7.5%) and 11 (12.64%) respectively. Marker of type VII can be used to identified hybrid because they are present only in offspring. The highest polymorphic bands was obtained by SNMT (83.9%) and the lowest obtained was performed by MDMT (71.25%). From this result, RAPD markers can be used as a tool to detect the differences of molecular pattern of diploid hybrid bananas.