bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE FOOD SUPPLY OF THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA)
Authors: Val O. M. , Stadnik A. T. , Samokhvalova A. A.
Published: October 2023

The conducted studies of the functioning of agriculture in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) as the basis of food supply made it possible to identify its regional features. Having rich natural resources, the republic cannot fully provide the local population with the necessary food. The region’s provision level with meat is still below 30%, with milk and vegetables - below 60%. This is due to several factors affecting agriculture in the region and insufficient funding from the state. Scientific studies show a reduction in the number of cattle over the past 20 years from 289.7 to 180.9 thousand heads, or by 37.56%, due to a decrease in the forage base in the context of a reduction in pasture and hayfield areas. The territorial location of the Republic in the northern regions of Russia, the sharply continental climate, the peculiar way of life, the high level of urbanisation and the outflow of residents to the other areas of the country dictate the need for priority state support. Currently, the region is managed based on targeted programs. However, state support funds are inconsistent and unstable, which causes the need to develop organisational and economic measures for the sustainable development of the region’s industry and improve the current state support mechanism with an emphasis on the conservation and reproduction of local animal breeds (Yakut breed of cattle), the development of gene pool farms in the region, the preservation of traditional industries and the rural way of life.
ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF ANTI-EPIZOOTIC MEASURES, CARRIED OUT BY THE STATE VETERINARY SERVICE OF THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA)
Authors: Smolyaninov Yu. I. , Petrov P. L. , Protodyakonova G. P. , Yushkova L. Ya.
Published: October 2023

The article analyses the economic efficiency of anti-epizootic actions by the State Veterinary Service of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The spread of infectious diseases of farm animals in the territory of Yakutia has a particular impact on the livestock economy. For 21 years (2001 - 2021), 99.5 thousand heads of all types of productive animals and poultry (cattle, pigs, horses, reindeer, small cattle, fur animals, poultry) fell ill with all infections. Furthermore, due to the death (case) and forced slaughter of sick animals, 31.2 thousand heads dropped out of the herd circulation. Diseases, including the death of animals, caused the loss of 188.9 tons of meat in live weight and 385 skins of fur-bearing animals, with a total economic loss of 426.6 million rubles. The economic efficiency of planned anti-epizootic measures in 2021 amounted to 870 million rubles. This efficiency is expressed through the indicator of the prevented economic damage for all farm animals. At the same time, the loss of 3054.9 tons of meat in live weight and 2.1 thousand skins of fur-bearing animals was prevented. The annual prevented economic damage was two times higher than the damage caused over 21 years, indicating the high economic efficiency of anti-epizootic measures. The share of prevented financial losses from infectious animal diseases in the cost of livestock products was 4.6%, which determines the contribution of livestock veterinary services to the economy of agricultural production in Yakutia.
THE ROLE OF PROFESSORS IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Smirnov P. N. , Petukhov V. L. , Nozdrin G. A.
Published: October 2023

The information capabilities of the human cerebral cortex and its ability to place a significant number of “files” that can be used in any field of professional activity are considered. At the same time, an intellectual, professional and unique knowledge that characterises the actions of individual subjects and the level of their professional training are considered. The authors attach particular importance to the academic staff. It is believed that the most productive age in the educational process is 60 years old, so the price of a creative team will be commensurate with such an indicator as the quantitative composition of the professorship (its relative share).
IMPROVEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNIQUES FOR GROWING EARLY POTATOES IN THE FOREST-STEPPE NOVOSIBIRSK PRIOBYE
Authors: Vyshegurov S. Kh. , Ivanova N. V.
Published: October 2023

There is a particularly acute shortage of vegetables and potatoes at the beginning and middle of summer. By this time, last year’s tubers have primarily lost their commercial and food qualities. Under these conditions, early potatoes are of great importance. The article presents the results of a study on the impact of individual agricultural practices on obtaining earlier potato production. On the leached chernozem of the forest steppe of the Novosibirsk Priobye, the effectiveness of initial germination of tubers before planting and the seedling method of growing early potatoes was established. The conducted studies showed that these agrotechnical methods contributed to the rapid passage of the development phases and the receipt of early production. It was also revealed that the studied forms of pre-plant preparation, especially seedlings, increase the yield and marketability of early potato varieties.
NOSOLOGICAL PROFILE OF HELMINTHIASIS IN SMALL CATTLE IN THE ALTAI KRAI ACCORDING TO THE DATA OF THE VETERINARY AND SANITARY EXAMINATION OF SLAUGHTER PRODUCTS
Authors: Lunyova N. A. , Kronevald O. V.
Published: October 2023

Increasing the number of productive animals and obtaining high-quality and safe products is an urgent task for the Russian Federation. Sheep breeding is a significant branch of agriculture since many products can be obtained from small cattle. However, parasitic diseases are a significant problem hindering the realisation of the industry’s potential. In particular, helminthiases lead to considerable damage, reduced productivity and product quality. Therefore, the fight against them should be based on knowledge of the profile of helminthiases in animals of a particular region. The fight against them should be based on knowledge of the shape of helminthiases in animals of a specific area. Therefore, the study of the helminth fauna is an urgent problem. The authors analysed the data of the annual reports of the 5-year form of the testing centre of the KGBU “Altai Regional Veterinary Center for the Prevention and Diagnosis of Animal Diseases” for 20162020. and did their research. The work results determined the nosological profile of helminthiases in small cattle in the Altai Territory. From 2016 to 2020, 2614 cases of infestation of small ruminants were registered. Seventeen nosological entities were identified, including two trematodosis (2.2% of the total infection with helminthiases), five cestodosis (74.2%) and ten nematodosis (23.6%). The most significant helminthiasis in the nosological profile is thin-necked cysticercosis, which occurs in 70% of infected animals. Subdominant is dictyocaulosis (17.8%). Less common than others are monieziasis, alveococcosis and finnosis. Their total share is less than 1%. The widespread infestation of small cattle has declined in the last three years. The data obtained are necessary for the correct organisation of preventive helminthic measures in sheep farms of the region.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DAN PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Amelia Amie -
Published: October 2023

Corporate social responsibility merupakan bagian dari kewajiban perusahaan, corporate social responsibility  memiliki konsekuensi terhadap pemberdayaan masyarakat.  Keterhubungan  corporate social responsibility pada perusahaan merupakan bagian dari pemberdayaan melalui pemberdayaan perempuan yakni  adanya peningkatan kesejahteraan terhadap masyarakat penerima bantuan program corporate social responsibility. Penelitian ini adalah bersifat kualitatif dekriptif. Penelitian  kualitatif deskriptif digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang keterhubungannya implementasi corporate social responsibility (CSR) dan pemberdayaan perempuan dalam perspektif ekonomi Islam. Praktik corporate social responsibility yang menerapkan pemberdayaan yakni memenuhi unsur-unsur dasar pemberdayaan yang berlandaskan nilai-nilai Islam. Bank Indonesia dan Maybank Group berupaya memberdayakan perempuan melalui corporate social responsibility demi meningkatkan kesejahteraan perekonomian perempuan secara berkesinambungan dan juga turut membantu meningkatkan kualitas perempuan yang sejalan dengan Perspektif Ekonomi Islam yakni membangun kesejahteraan.
Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Usaha Keripik Tempe Matahari Kabupaten Dharmasraya
Authors: Putri Umi Arifa
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh modal, tenaga kerja dan bahan baku terhadap pendapatan Usaha Keripik Tempe Matahari Kabupaten Dharmasraya baik secara simultan maupun secara parsial. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa (X1) Modal berpengaruh secara parsial dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan Usaha Keripik Tempe Matahari Kabupaten Dharmasraya. (X2) Tenaga kerja berpengaruh secara parsial dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan Usaha Keripik Tempe Matahari Kabupaten Dharmasraya. (X3) Bahan baku berpengaruh negatif secara parsial dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan Usaha Keripik Tempe Matahari Kabupaten Dharmasraya. Sedangkan secara simultan (bersama-sama), modal, tenaga kerja dan bahan baku mempengaruhi pendapatan usaha keripik tempe matahari Kabupaten Dharmasraya.
Keuntungan Showroom Sumber Bahagia Mobilindo Dharmasraya dalam Penjualan Mobil Bekas pada tahun 2019-2021
Authors: Saputra Reivandi
Published: October 2023

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui keuntungan yang diperoleh dari setiap penjualan mobil bekas di showroom Sumber Bahagia Mobilindo. Metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan di dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian yang telah peneliti lakukan memperoleh kesimpulan bahwa penjualan mobil minimal perbulannya ada satu kali penjualan. Pada tahun 2019 diperoleh penjualan tertinggi pada bulan November dengan modal sebesar Rp. 604.000.000.- dengan keuntungan yang di peroleh Rp. 28.000.000.- Kemudian pada tahun 2020 penjualan tertinggi pada bulan Maret sebanyak 4 kali penjualan mencapai keuntungan sebesar Rp. 20.000.000.- dengan modal Rp. 483.000.000.- sedangkan pada tahun 2021 puncak penjualan pada bulan Desember sebanyak 6 unit mobil memperoleh keuntungan Rp. 49.000.000.- dengan modal Rp. 997.000.000-. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin besar modal maka semakin tinggi harga penjualan mobil bekas di showroom Sumber Bahagia Mobilindo (SBM), jika harga penjualan semakin tinggi makan semakin tinggi pula keuntungan yang diperoleh. Dari tahun 2019-2021 dapat diketahui bahwa keuntungan terbesar hasil penjualan mobil terdapat pada tahun 2021 dengan modal Rp. 997.000.000.- sehingga memperoleh keuntungan sebesar Rp. 49.000.000.
Peningkatan Perekonomian Masyarakat (Pemilik Homestay Dan Pedagang) Desa Wisata Rantih Melalui Produk Paket Wisata
Authors: Afriani Atika
Published: October 2023

Jenis penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah kualitatif yaitu dengan deep interview yang merupakan suatu teknik pengumpulan data dengan mengajukan pertanyaan secara langsung kepada informan oleh pewawancara. Dalam penelitian ini penulis akan membahas tentang tentang peningkatan perekonomian masyarakat (pemilik homestay dan pedagang) Desa Wisata Rantih melalui produk paket wisata. Metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis data yaitu menggunakan langkah-langkah berikut yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan perekonomian pemilik homestay dan pedagang setelah adanya paket wisata di Desa Wisata Rantih. Paket wisata yang dimaksud adalah paket wisata menginap. Pengaruh yang diberikan oleh paket wisata menginap ini berdampak langsung pada peningkatan pendapatan terhadap perekonomian pemilik homestay dan pedagang. Dengan paket menginap yang diambil oleh para wisatawan, tentunya wisatawan  pasti akan menginap di homestay sehingga membuat pendapatan pemilik homestay mengalami peningkatan, karena homestay termasuk ke dalam komponen paket wisata. Jadi, setiap paket wisata yang terjual, maka pemilik homestay juga mendapatkan keuntungan melalui paket wisata tersebut. Begitu juga dengan para pedagang yang juga merasakan dampak peningkatan pendapatannya bertambah melalui paket menginap, karena di dalam komponen paket wisata juga menyediakan jasa makanan dan minuman yang mana persediaan bahan tersebut diambil dari dagangan para pedagang harian. Maka dari itu, setiap paket wisata yang terjual tentunya membutuhkan makanan dan minuman juga selama wisatawan menginap di Desa Wisata Rantih sehingga berdampak terhadap peningkatan perekonomian para pedagang.
Implementasi Perda Wisata Halal Sumatera Barat dan Komponen-komponen pengembangan wisata pada destinasi wisata green talao park nagari ulakan kecamatan ulakan tapakih
Authors: Rizqi Kurnia Alifa
Published: October 2023

Perda wisata halal Sumatera Barat dibuat guna untuk mengembangkan destinasi wisata halal yang bersumber dari perda wisata halal itu sendiri. pengembangan destinasi wisata halal pada destinasi wisata green talao park dapat dilakukan dan secara tidak langsung sudah menerapkan wisata halal tersebut. Dengan mengembangkan wisata halal pada destinasi wisata green talao park maka destinasi wisata green talao park dapat menjadi destinasi wisata unggulan.
DAMPAK ZAKAT PRODUKTIF TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN EKONOMIMASYARAKATDI NAGARI SARUASO KECAMATAN TANJUNG EMAS KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR
Authors: FIRDAUS RAHMAT
Published: October 2023

AbstrakPenelitian ini untuk mengetahui dampak penyaluran zakat produktif terhadap kesejahteran ekonomi masyarakat di Nagari Saruaso Kecamatan Tanjung Emas Kabupaten Tanah Datar. Penelitian ini menghimpun data primer melalui wawancara mendalam dengan 7 (tujuh) informan yang tergolong sebagai penerima zakat yang sudah menerima zakat lanjutan sebanyak 2 (dua) kali. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data proses pemilihan, pemusatan perhatian pada penyederhanaan, pengabstrakan dan transformasi data kasar yang muncul dari catatan-catatan tertulis di lapangan, selanjutnya penyajian data dan penarikan keseimpulan. Hasil penelitian penerima zakat produktif BAZNAS Kabupaten Tanah Datar membawa dampak pada kesejahteraan ekonomian masyarakat karena masyarakat dapat mengembangkan usaha dengan maksimal sehingga kesejahteraan ekonomi dapat tercapai. Faktor pendukung keberhasilan zakat produktif terhadap kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat yaitu pertama perencanaan, kedua pelatihan, ketiga keinginan, tekad yang kuat dan kegigihan, keempat pengawasan. Sebagai implikasi praktis, hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan rujukan oleh pemerintah khususnya organisasi lembaga zakat dalam mendorong zakat produktif terhadap kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat.Kata kunci: zakat produktif, kesejahteraan masyarakat
Chapter 2. Knowledge of Trees and Forests – Finnish Forest Research from the Nineteenth to the Twentieth Century
Authors: Laine Jaana
Published: October 2023

Finnish forestry and forest science reflect demands set by the state administration and the forest industry but also private forest and nature conservation organisations, and nowadays private citizens e.g., through social media. From the late nineteenth century to the 2020s, the history of forests, forest science and Finnish society consists of four

main periods.

During the first period – know the forests (late nineteenth century–1930s) – society needed and gained information on forests, especially on growing timber stock (the first forest inventory in the 1920s) and wood consumption (the first inventory of wood consumption in the 1930s). In addition, researchers produced knowledge for

silvicultural practices and forest biology. Rationalising forestry and developing timber procurement were seen as essential during the second period – exploit the forests (1940s–1960s). Since timber removals exceeded annual growth, the state launched massive forest improvement actions. Large clear-cuttings were regenerated with conifer saplings and massive draining of bogs was enacted. As a result, society more extensively exploited and influenced the forests.

During the third period – define the forests (1970s–1990s) –forests were no longer respected merely as a source of economic prosperity. Escalating disputes came about when environmental activism and public discussions challenged forestry practices. Scientific knowledge became imbricated, besides traditional forestry values, also with nature conservation, recreational and environmental values related to forests.

During the 1990s, changes in forest legislation paved the way for more pluralistic values of forests.

During the most recent period – discover forests’ futures (2000s–) – climate change and conflicting human-forest relationships set new demands for forestry and forest science. Forests’ importance has grown from the private and national level to the global context. Forests are respected as carbon sinks and storage, for their rich biodiversity, and as a source of mental and physical health. Forests as living entities are often recognised and new steps have been taken towards more pluralistic human-forest relationships, posthumanism and interspecies perspectives.
Chapter 4. The Changing Status of Birch Trees in Finnish Forests from the Seventeenth to the Twentieth Century
Authors: Neimi Seija A.
Published: October 2023

This chapter illuminates the changing status of the birch tree, how the Finns have perceived it, and what have Finnish standards of environmental literacy have been from the seventeenth century to the twentieth century. This period covers both pre-industrial and industrial socio-economic changes, from the ancient hunters and slash-and-burn cultivators to modern architecture, art and wood processing industries. Finland’s forests are relatively the largest in Europe: 86 % of the country’s surface is covered with the woods. The three most common tree species are pine, spruce and birch. The value of pine and spruce grew significantly when the wood processing industry began to use wood fibres in production, while birch has had its ups and downs which makes it an interesting tree to study.
Chapter 8. Wolves and the Finnish Wilderness: Changing Forests and the Proper Place for Wolves in Twentieth-Century Finland
Authors: Lähdesmäki Heta
Published: October 2023

These days, if wolves roam close to human settlements, people often argue that there is something problematic and unnatural in it. This is the case especially in western Finland where wolf packs are being observed after a long period of absence. Not everyone living in western Finland has welcomed wolves as neighbours. Local people can argue that wolves should not live in western Finland because there are no wilderness areas there. Wolves have been connected to the wilderness in many countries and regions in the world. In some areas, the notion that the wolf belongs to the wilderness is old: For instance, historian Aleksander Pluskowski has argued that there was a persistent conceptual link between wolves and the wilderness in Britain and Scandinavia during the Middle Ages. In this chapter, I look into this notion and trace its history in the Finnish context by studying newspaper reports, magazine articles and contemporary literature. I argue that the idea that wolves belong to the wilderness is a relatively new and controversial notion connected to various social and environmental changes. Interestingly, at the same time as the idea that the wolf is a wilderness species strengthened, the Finnish environment underwent changes that meant that the areas that could be called wilderness became fewer.
Chapter 10. From Stale Air to Toxic: Concerns About Urban Air in Finland
Authors: Mäkiranta Janne
Published: October 2023

Air pollution can be seen as one of the oldest and most enduring environmental problems in human history. At the same time its modern form as a public health concern is relatively novel. The purpose of this chapter is to examine the concern about urban air quality in Finland from the late nineteenth century to the late 1960s, when the fear of air pollution rose to new prominence. The chapter shows how nineteenth and early twentieth century concerns over urban air were based on the idea that clean air is beneficial for health. During the twentieth century, this vague hygienic idea was replaced by a more specific view that derived from medical research in industrial environments. From the late 1950s onwards, air pollution measurements and medical research provided a detailed analysis of air quality. As a result, the concern about urban air was directed towards specific pollutants and their potential effects on health. This toxicological approach has been criticised in environmental history for its reductionism. The chapter shows, however, how the same approach was embraced by the environmental critics of the late 1960s. These critics used the toxicological approach to make local air pollution part of the concern about global environmental contamination. The chapter concludes that, despite the new rhetoric of the 1960s, the concern over urban air was in many ways a continuation of the nineteenth century critique about the hazards of urban living and the general progress of civilisation. The longing for clean air was replaced by the ubiquitous threat of toxins in the environment.
Synthetic Biology: Science of the inthinkable
Authors: Zahid Zuhair R.
Published: October 2023

During the 3rd BBIC (Biosafety and Biosecurity international conference), in Amman, 13-15 September 2011, I witnessed the most astonishing and elegant lecture by the pioneer in this field Dr. Andrew Hessel (1).
World Englishes in English Language Teaching Textbook of Public Primary Schools
Authors: Batool Zehra , Irfan Humaira , Qazalbash Farwa
Published: October 2023

There is a dearth of research on English textbook analysis with respect to World Englishes in Punjab, Pakistan. The current study aimed to identify the nouns used in English textbooks at primary level with a major focus on Pakistani English (PakE). The data for this qualitative research was collected from English Textbook of Grade 5, published by PCTB (Punjab Curriculum Textbook Board). The current study employed Kachru’s three concentric circle model comprising of inner, outer, and expanding circles to analyse the data. The findings depicted that most of the vocabulary used in this textbook was derived from South Asian Englishes (SAmE) and common Standard British English (SBrE), which are norm-providing countries. The authors obtained lexemes from these standardised varieties of English. However, the presence of PakE variety equals the use of SAmE which apparently shows that Pakistanis are creating their own vocabulary which they are unaware of. The current study would help the authors of English textbooks and policy-makers to determine which variety of English they should focus on, with the aim of using it consistently.
Impact of English Language Imperialism on Pakistani Learners’ Psychology
Authors: Khan Tania Ali
Published: October 2023

In the course of the past few years, English language has acquired uncommon consideration in Pakistan. In the progression of this momentum, students have embarked on learning and communicating in English at the cost of dismissing their native language, that is, Urdu. The current study attempted to discuss the dominance of English language and its consequences on the psychology of learners. This study addressed the question of whether students perceive English language imperialism as a threat to their national language, Urdu. The current study is quantitative in nature. A sample size comprising 100 participants was selected and those learners were studying in undergraduate and graduate programs at Kinnaird College for Women Lahore, Minhaj University, and the University of Punjab, Lahore. A self-constructed questionnaire was utilized to gather the information. Moreover, an investigation was undertaken on the impacts of the independent variable namely English language imperialism on the dependent variable namely students' psychology. The results indicated a notable interconnection among various psychological factors, collectively exerting a significant influence on student’s psychological well-being. Since they consider it a sign of accomplishment in their academic and professional careers.
A Minimalist Perspective of Interrogatives in the Punjabi Language
Authors: Ahmed Hafiz Nauman , Hanif Iqra , Aqeel Asim
Published: October 2023

Chomsky’s Theory of Universal Grammar (UG) (1993, 1995) incorporates some universal principles for grammatical descriptions of all possible human languages. It is because all aspects of human languages may not be universal; this theory also offers some parameters through which languages may vary from one to another. The Minimalist Program (MP) (Chomsky, 1993) as a part of UG follows minimalist principles such as the principle of economy, the principle of uniformity, and the search for simplicity, which guide the creation of grammatical rules and representations. The current study analysed the interrogative sentences in Punjabi to determine the similarities between Punjabi and English by using the Minimalist Program (MP) as a theoretical framework. Almost all Punjabi dialects or Standard Punjabi published in the academic context provide many ways to express interrogation. Two common types of interrogative sentences analysed here include yes-no questions and wh-questions which are also called k-questions in Punjabi because they start with a k sound, for instance, kitthe (where), kinj (how), kaunN (why), kii (what), etc, have been analysed. The analysis showed that there is no obligatory movement, either in the case of yes-no questions or in wh-movement in Punjabi, such as in English. Similarly, unlike English, there is neither the movement of auxiliaries nor of any other word in any interrogative sentence. Furthermore, the study concluded that the analysis of the Punjabi language through minimalism is possible and, therefore, it is implied that Punjabi follows the proposed principle of Universal Grammar.
Comparing Hematological and Biochemical Profiles of Pregnant and Non-pregnant Barb Mares Raised in Tiaret, Algeria
Authors:   Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Sciences Institute, University of Tiaret, Tiaret, Algeria., Chikhaoui Mira
Published: October 2023

Background: The pure-bred Barb horse is a beloved breed from the Great Maghreb. Despite the breed’s prominence in Algeria, no gestational hematological or biochemical research has been done on this breed. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the hematological and biochemical parameters of pregnant and non-pregnant Barb mares in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy. Methods: From 12 pregnant and 6 non-pregnant mares, 102 venous blood samples were taken, and their glucose (Glu), cholesterol (Cho), triglycerides (TG), total protein (TP), urea (Urea), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), iron (Fer), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) were assessed as biochemical variables. Also, red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, white blood cells, and platelets were all measured as hematological variables. Results: The levels of ALP, ALT, GGT, and P decreased significantly throughout gestation, while Ca, TG, Fe, and Glu levels increased. AST concentrations decreased in the second and third trimesters, whereas Cho levels increased in the first and second trimesters. Urea levels increased significantly in the third trimester, and FRAP showed significant differences at different stages of pregnancy. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was significantly lower in the first and second trimesters, and hemoglobin values were significantly lower in the second trimester. The mean value of white blood cell count was slightly higher in late pregnancy, while platelet values significantly increased throughout all trimesters. Conclusion: The study provides valuable information on the changes in hematological and biochemical parameters during pregnancy in Barb mares. These findings can be used as a reference for future studies on the reproductive physiology of this breed.
КРЕДИТУВАННЯ АГРАРНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ЯК ЕФЕКТИВНЕ ДЖЕРЕЛО ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: Томашук І.В. , Томашук І.О.
Published: October 2023

У статті проаналізовано сучасний стан кредитування сільськогосподарських підприємств банківськими установами, напрями стимулювання їх розвитку з боку держави. Встановлено, що серед найважливіших складових господарського механізму є система кредитних відносин, яка має виняткове значення для агровиробництва. Наголошується, що обмеженість власних коштів змушує сільгосппідприємства сподіватися на підтримку з боку держави та зумовлює необхідність розвитку як банківських, так і партнерських форм кредитування. Вказано, що кредитування аграріїв разом із бюджетним фінансуванням є одним із найважливіших зовнішніх джерел інвестиційної діяльності сільськогосподарських підприємств. Зауважено, що однією з найперспективніших форм фінансування аграрних програм і проєктів є інвестиційне кредитування комерційними банками. Стверджується, що основною передумовою динамічного розвитку банківського кредитування в аграрному секторі є забезпечення повернення кредиту за умови дотримання прав кредиторів і позичальників. Зазначається, що обʼєктивна необхідність використання кредитних відносин в аграрному секторі економіки пов’язана з особливостями сільськогосподарського виробництва, нерівномірністю руху оборотних коштів підприємств, значними відхиленнями потреби в оборотних коштах від їх фактичної наявності. Надано пропозиції та рекомендації щодо подальшого ефективного фінансування підприємств аграрного сектору економіки України в сучасних умовах господарювання. Зроблено висновок, що інвестиційний кредит є формою фінансового забезпечення виробничо-господарської діяльності, яка здійснюється з метою реалізації розширеного циклу відтворення та спрямована на збільшення капіталу як кредитора, так і позичальника.
Why Nigeria's #EndSARS movement is more than a call to end police brutality
Authors: Effoduh Jake Okechukwu
Published: October 2023

• The #EndSARS campaign isn't merely about Nigeria's corrupt Special Anti-Robbery Squad.

• It is also a broader call for social justice from Nigerian youth in the most populous black nation on Earth.

• The protests, and their fundraising structure, has created a microcosm of a properly functioning nation.
Legislative Drafting and Transformative Laws by the Nigerian Institute of Advanced Legal Studies
Authors: Effoduh Jake Okechukwu
Published: October 2023

Legislative drafting is an obligatory mechanism apposite for transforming the laws of any state. Good drafting captures the pivotal purport of any transformation agenda in legislative exertion. ‘Legislative Drafting and Transformative Laws’ by the Nigerian Institute of Advanced Legal Studies (NIALS) holistically uncovers how the skills of legislative drafting can service the transformation of laws to meeting the growing demands of public interest promotion, institutional transformation, the law making process, democratic change, deter crime, fight corruption as well promote good governance.
Should we indulge prawns more on organismal and environmental research?
Authors: Jas Kalpesh , Munshi Chayan
Published: October 2023

The importance of prawns in organismal research is an issue of concern due to their multifaceted and unique biological characteristics. This majorly includes their tolerance to critical environmental situations, sensitivity, exceptional body morphometrics, ecogeographic occurrence and diversity. All of these make prawns a highly adaptable and evolutionary successful organism. While studying the biology of a freshwater prawn species, Macrobrachium lamarrei, we have encountered the fact that prawns being evolutionarily successful, manifest tolerance and adaptability in changing environmental conditions. Where global climate change is an issue of concern for researchers, phenotypic expositions in animals for combating the evolution of the planet is also a brainstorming matter for evolutionary biologists. Our model organism manifested tolerance to critical eco-contamination and on the other hand, exhibited sensitivity, behavioural plasticity and profound ecogeographic occurrence. Ecogeographical aspects of this species in terms of ecotoxicological issue are correlated in respect to the adaptational success. We have used Macrobrachium lamarrei as a model prawn species to highlight the prawn group to get more attention in organismal and environmental research. Through this article, we want to raise this question of why we are not re-scrutinizing the biological complexities of prawns in terms of behavioural manifestations.
Effective Implementation and its Impact on Achieving Project Objectives: An Applied Study on Al-Mak Nimr Development and Contracting Co. Ltd. and Danfodio Contracting, Roads and Bridges Co. Ltd. during the Period 2006 to 2013
Authors: Ibrahim Amal Abuzaid Mokhtar , Mohamed Amna Babiker Hussein , Taha Nahlaa Taha Mahgoub
Published: October 2023

The present study attempts to identify the impact of effective implementation on construction projects in Sudan achievement of their objectives, to identify the obstacles that face their implementation in the time and at the cost specified, to find out the various factors that should be taken into account when establishing these projects and to highlight the scientific methods of managing major construction projects in Sudan in order to reach management methods that help controlling projects positively and contributes to achieving their objectives effectively. The study adopted the historical approach, the deductive approach, and the analytical descriptive approach. The study aimed to determine the defects in major construction project implementation, to investigate their causes and to clarify scientific solutions to them. The most important hypotheses of the study: There is a statistically significant relationship between the effectiveness of project implementation and the achievement of their objectives. The study concluded with several findings, the most important: The frequent modifications during the implementation led to increasing the project cost. The study recommended the following: Attention should be given to project implementation planning, including the social and economical feasibility study and the adoption of scientific methods to ensure the project's success.
Klasifikasi Buah Jeruk Segar dan Busuk Berdasarkan RGB dan HSV Menggunakan Metode KNN
Authors: Napitu Stifani , Paramita Panjaitan Rini , Nulhakim Putri Aisyah , Khalik Lubis Muaz
Published: October 2023

Fruits are a group of agricultural commodities in Indonesia. The demand for domestic fruit commodities is quite high, this is indicated by the large number of fruits available in modern markets and traditional markets. In this research, a classification process will be carried out between fresh oranges and rotten oranges based on RGB (Red, Green, Blue) and HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value) color extraction. This study uses the K-Nearest Neighbor classification algorithm with a value of k = 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; and 7. The dataset used consists of 146 training data and 88 testing data. The purpose and benefits of this research are to save time and facilitate classification according to the wishes of fruit growers. The final result of the test accuracy is 88.95%. Based on the test, this system can be said to be quite good at classifying fresh and rotten citrus fruits.
Impact of a Single Episode of Different Intensity of White Light Pulse at Night on Masking Response in the Diurnal Mammal, Funambulus pennantii
Authors: Verma Vivek , Basu Priyoneel , Singaravel Muniyandi
Published: October 2023

Objective: Light affects mammalian circadian rhythms through entrainment and masking. Photic masking increases locomotor activity in diurnal species (positive masking) while reducing activity in nocturnal species (negative masking). Fewer studies have investigated masking in diurnal rodents. We investigated the masking response in a diurnal rodent, Funambulus pennantii when subjected to white light pulses of different intensities at night between zeitgeber time (ZT) 12 and ZT 15.Methods: Adult male squirrels, F. pennantii (n=10/group, three groups) were placed in individual cages with running wheels under standard 12:12 h light-dark (LD) conditions. Recording of the locomotor activity rhythm was carried out using a ClockLab setup. Following a week of stable entrainment to the LD cycle, the animals of each group were given a sham exposure. After 10 days, animals of group I, II, and III were exposed to 3-h white light pulses of 100 lux, 10 lux, and 1 lux, respectively, between ZT 12 and ZT 15. Following the exposure, the animals were allowed to run undisturbed for 7 days.Results: Compared to the shamexposed group, exposure to 3-h 1 lux, 10 lux, and 100 lux artificial light pulses at night caused positive masking, stimulating wheel running in an intensity-dependent manner. Additionally, nighttime light pulses of 100 lux and 10 lux reduced onset accuracy, reduced the amplitude of the rhythm, and also altered the phase angle relationship to light.Conclusion: The positive masking caused by light exposure at night in diurnal squirrels is intensity-dependent up to at least 100 lux and is associated with a dampening of circadian rhythms.
Differential Profiles of Cortisol, Components of Autonomic Nervous System, and Self-Rated Health in Premature Ventricular Contraction: An Observational Study of Three Circadian Types
Authors: Liman Novita Gemalasari , Raharjo Sunu Budhi , Timan Ina Susianti , Suyatna Franciscus D. , Harris Salim , Prihartono Joedo , Siste Kristiana , Siswanto Bambang Budi
Published: October 2023

Objective: Premature ventricular contraction (PVC) exhibits one of the three circadian patterns, namely fast-type, slow-type, and independent-type. This study aimed to investigate whether the cortisol-marker of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, autonomic nervous system activity, and perceptive self-rated health are associated with the three PVC circadian types.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study recruited 65 idiopathic PVC subjects (23 fast-, 20 slow-, and 22 independent-type) as well as 5 control subjects. Each subject underwent a 24- hour Holter to examine PVC burden and heart rate variability, collected saliva for cortisol and norepinephrine level measurement at 6–7 am, 10–11 am, and 10–11 pm, and recorded their self-rated health scales. Furthermore, univariate and multiple linear regression were conducted to investigate the associations between the independent variables and PVC burden.Results: The average PVC burden was 15.7%, 8.5%, and 13.6% in fast-, slow-, and independent-type idiopathic PVCs, respectively. Multiple linear regression showed that the high burden of fast-type idiopathic PVC was associated with higher cortisol levels and lower parasympathetic nervous system tone. The high burden of slow-type idiopathic PVC was associated with lower cortisol levels and lower sympathetic nervous system tone. Meanwhile, in independent-type idiopathic PVC, the high burden was associated with higher cortisol levels and sympathetic nervous system tone as well as lower self-rated health scales.Conclusion: Each PVC circadian type is uniquely related to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, autonomic nervous system, and selfrated health. Assessment of PVC circadian type needs to be carried out routinely considering the differences in the underlying associated factors.
Circadian Fluctuations of Cognitive and Psychomotor Performance in Medical Students: The Role of Daytime and Chronotype Patterns
Authors: Sabaoui Ikram , Lotfi Said , Talbi Mohammed
Published: October 2023

Objective: Our research aimed to explore the impact of chronotype and time of day on the cognitive and psychomotor performance of medical students around 25 years old. The study provides evidence that an individual’s circadian rhythm affects their daily performance and cognitive processes.Methods: To measure selective attention and inhibition, we utilized the Stroop test, while three subtests from the fourth edition of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV) were employed to measure simple attention and working memory. In addition, the Leed psychomotor tester was utilized to measure perception and motor reaction time, and the morningness-eveningness questionnaire was administered to investigate students’ chronotype. Statistical analysis were based on many tests depending on the correlation types. We mainly used ANOVA repeated measures, Bonferroni post-hoc test, ANOVA I, chi-square, and Pearson correlation tests.Results: Our findings suggest that students exhibit decreased selective attention (F=128.842b, p<0.01, η2=0.868, 95% CI=2.744–16.998) and weakened inhibition during the late afternoon (6 p.m.) when the largest margin of error was committed (1.56±2.90) compared to 10 a.m. (0.82±1.72), leading to increased difficulty resisting interference; except that the size effect was small (η2>0.13). Simple attention reaches its peak in the morning around 10 a.m., while memory performance and auditory modality of working memory reach their peaks at 10 a.m. and the end of the afternoon (6 p.m.), respectively.Conclusion: Our study underscores the importance of taking wake time and body temperature into account when examining task performance. Overall, the study highlights the importance of considering circadian rhythm and chronotype when designing academic and athletic schedules.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in Patients With Schizophrenia Without Prior Psychotic Symptom Aggravation: A Prospective Single-Arm Trial
Authors: Kim Ji Seok , Lee Yujin
Published: October 2023

Objective: To determine the feasibility and efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) in patients with schizophrenia without prior psychotic symptom aggravation.Methods: This prospective single-arm trial included 31 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and insomnia who received CBT-I. We provided four weekly 60-min sessions of group or individual CBT-I. All patients completed several sleep-related scale assessments before and 2, 3, and 4 weeks after treatment: the Korean version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-K), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Korean version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (K-ESS), Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale-16 (DBAS-16), and sleep diary. The primary outcome was insomnia symptom changes over the treatment period, as indicated by the PSQI-K, ISI, sleep onset latency, and total sleep time from the sleep diary. The secondary outcome was improvement in maladaptive cognition associated with sleep, as indicated by the DBAS-16.Results: The total PSQI-K and ISI at each timepoint showed significant improvements over the CBT-I program period. The total K-ESS and DBAS-16 scores showed significant improvement over the treatment period. Sleep onset latency was significantly shortened; however, no significant changes were noted in the total sleep time and some PSQI-K subscales (sleep duration, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction).Conclusion: Our findings suggest the efficacy of CBT-I in improving insomnia symptoms, dysfunctional beliefs, and attitudes toward sleep in patients with schizophrenia with relatively stable psychotic symptoms. Therefore, further large randomized controlled trials are warranted to provide precise estimates of the effects of CBT-I in this patient population.
Pengembangan Leaflet Digital Tema Makananku Kesehatanku untuk Menumbuhkan Kemampuan Berpikir KritisSiswa SMP Kelas VIII
Authors: Nurdayanti Nurdayanti , Dwi Indah Suryani  , R. Ahmad Zaky El Islami
Published: October 2023

Menurut hasil wawancara yang dilakukan di SMP di wilayah Lebak, kegiatan pembelajaran yang ditujukan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa belum terlaksana dengan baik. Untuk itu sumber pengajaran yang dapat digunakan berupa bahan ajar leaflet digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  untuk memperoleh kelayakan dan keterbacaan  leaflet digital dengan topik “makananku, kesehatanku” yang berorientasi pada kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa SMP kelas VIII. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah (R&D) yaitu Research and Development dengan mengacu pada Thiagarahajan et al., (1974), dibatasi sesuai dengan kemampuan dan kebutuhan peneliti yaitu menggunakan tiga tahap: tahap define (mendefinisikan), design (merancang) dan develop (menghasilkan produk). Lembar instrumen angket adalah alat yang digunakan untuk penyelidikan, yang akan dinilai oleh validator materi, media, dan praktisi, serta keterbacaan oleh siswa dengan analisis data deskriptif kuantitatif dan deskriptif kualitatif . Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa leaflet digital dengan topik “makananku, kesehatanku” dapat digunakan untuk membantu siswa kelas VIII SMP menumbuhkan kemampuan berpikir kritis. bahwa berdasarkan validasi media mendapatkan nilai 87,5% dengan kategori “sangat layak”, sedangkan validasi materi mendapatkan nilai 93,45% dengan kategori “sangat layak”, sedangkan validasi praktisi memperoleh skor 89,22% dengan kategori “sangat layak” serta keterbacaan siswa memperoleh skor 91,88% dengan kategori sangat baik.
POGIL (Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning) e-Worksheet to Improve Critical Thinking Skills on Reaction Rate Material
Authors: Tyas Bella Wahyuning , Novita Dian
Published: October 2023

The aims of this research were to obtain the eligibility of the POGIL e-worksheet to improve students' critical thinking skills on reaction rate material in terms of validity, practicality, and effectiveness criteria. The type of research was research and development using the ADDIE development model with three stages, Analyze, Design, and Development. The research was obtain validity from the validation sheet in terms of the eligibility of content, presentation, language, and design getting mode ≥ 3 so it was declared valid. Practicality was obtained from a response questionnaire supported by a student activity observation sheet. Overall practicality of the response questionnaire has 89.09% (very practical), while the learner activity observation sheet getting mode = 1. Effectiveness was obtained from the pretest and posttest of critical thinking skills supported by student learning results. The result of the critical thinking skills test got N-gain, 0.929 Interpretation, 0.722 Analysis, 0.694 Evaluation, 0.556 Inference, and 0.933 Explanation and obtained a significance value of 0 in the paired sample t-test so it was concluded there was an increase in students' critical thinking skills in reaction rate material after using POGIL e-worksheet. The learning outcomes test data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test has 0 probability value, then it can be concluded there is an increase in student learning outcomes in reaction rate material after using the POGIL e-worksheet. Based on the results of validity, practicality, and effectiveness, the development of the POGIL e-worksheet is feasible.