bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VELCRO-INSPIRED SUPRAMOLECULAR SYSTEM FOR SILICA–RUBBER COUPLING
Authors: Anyszka Rafal , Beton Karolina , Szczechowicz Maja , Bielinski Dariusz M. , Blume Anke
Published: June 2021

The state-of-the-art silica–rubber coupling is based on forming chemical links between a silica surface and rubber macromolecules. However, the chemical links are relatively short and stiff, thus in case of a chemical breakage they are highly unlikely to recombine. This could result in a potential deterioration of the interphase properties over time. To overcome this drawback, a new approach to silica–rubber coupling was investigated in the current study. The new approach is inspired by the Velcro hook-and-loop system from nature that facilitates a re-connectability, thus re-formation of the interphase properties in case of a breakage. For this, various long oligomeric brushes were grafted onto silica surfaces considered to act as supramolecular hooks. Such modified silica were dispersed in rubber and vulcanized. The resulting cross-linked rubber matrix is considered to act as supramolecular loops. The prepared vulcanizates were compared with reference samples containing common coupling or covering agents. The reinforcing potential provided by the newly developed system is lower than the chemical coupling system but considerably higher than the covering system. The new system also provides better mechanical properties, recovery after cycling stretching, and heat treatment than the references. A new reinforcing mechanism is proposed for the silica grafted with oligomeric brushes that exhibits a good chemical compatibility to the rubber matrix.
MODIFICATION OF POLYBUTADIENE RUBBER: A REVIEW
Authors: Prabhu C. Parashiva , Mohanty Subhra , Gupta Virendra Kumar
Published: June 2021

Developments in modification of polybutadiene rubber (PBR) using various reagents and catalysts have been reviewed. Hydrogenation and functionalization occurring at the site of unsaturation along chain length are discussed. Hydrogenation involving various metal catalyzed processes is discussed. Suitable conditions that are effective during hydrogenation and functionalization are mentioned in this article. Reactivity ratios associated with microstructures of polybutadiene rubber and possible mechanisms involved are described in the review. The importance of reaction conditions during reactivity and their impact on product properties are highlighted. A specific method that needs to be adopted in order to achieve expected product properties is discussed. Various industrial applications of modified PBR and their commercial products in the global market are discussed.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND ANTI-ADHESION MATERIALS FOR MEDICAL AND SURGICAL GLOVES
Authors: Lee Siang Yin , Chan E-Lyn , Chan Hong Hao , Li Claire Chong Khai , Ooi Zhe Hooi , Koh Rhun Yian , Liew Yun Khoon
Published: June 2021

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) can be common in healthcare settings, such as the intensive care unit and surgical sites, if proper precautions are not followed. Although traditional techniques are encouraged, such as educating the public and healthcare workers to practice proper handwashing or to double glove, they have not been fully effective in combating HAIs. The use of surface-modified antimicrobial gloves may be an alternative approach to prevent the transmission of pathogens between healthcare workers and patients. This paper gives a comprehensive review of strategies to produce antimicrobial gloves. The chemistry of some potential chemically synthesized antimicrobial agents and nature-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces are discussed. The principles of killing microbes must be understood to effectively select these materials and to design and fabricate surfaces for the reduction of bacterial adhesion. Also, current company trends and technologies are presented for gloves proven to effectively kill bacteria. Such glove use, when coupled with in-depth research on diverse surgical procedures and medical examinations, could ease the burden of HAIs.
HEAT AGING OF A BROMOBUTYL TIRE INNER LINER UNDER AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS
Authors: Yerxa M. , Porter C. , Pazur R. J.
Published: June 2021

A bromobutyl tire inner liner compound was prepared and subjected to aerobic and anaerobic heat aging at a temperature of 100 °C for seven aging times up to 8 weeks. Hardness and mechanical properties were monitored, and the evolution of the crosslink density was followed using equilibrium solvent swell and low field double quantum (DQ) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The hardness and the 300% tensile stress increased with heat aging, while both tensile strength and elongation at break dropped. Both chain scission and crosslinking reactions were taking place. Equilibrium swelling and DQ NMR results confirmed that a larger crosslink density increase was seen under aerobic versus anaerobic aging conditions. The network distribution consisting of a dominant low crosslinking zone and small areas of higher crosslinking slowly broadened and shifted toward higher crosslink densities upon heat aging. The compounds aged heterogeneously. Attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of an oxidized surface layer, and therefore diffusion-limited oxidation effects, but only under aerobic aging conditions. Reaction mechanisms are proposed to explain the net crosslink rise with heat aging.
RECYCLING BEHAVIOR OF THERMOREVERSIBLY DIELS–ALDER CROSSLINKED EPM
Authors: Zdvizhkov Alexander T. , Van Duin Martin , Picchioni Francesco
Published: June 2021

The recyclability of thermoreversibly Diels–Alder (DA) crosslinked EPM has been studied. The retro DA reaction dominates over the dehydration–aromatization process of the DA adduct. Moreover, a negative influence of air occurred as a result of a crosslinking in air flow. Nevertheless, rubber compounds prepared from EPM-g-furan and carbon black can be recycled several times without losing mechanical strength, a feature attributed to a strong antioxidant effect of the carbon black.
WASTE MORINGA OLEIFERA GUM AS A MULTIFUNCTIONAL ADDITIVE FOR UNFILLED SBR COMPOUND
Authors: Koley Riya , Kasilingam Rajkumar , Sahoo Suchismita , Chattopadhyay Santanu , Bhowmick Anil K.
Published: June 2021

A natural waste (gum) of the drumstick tree, Moringa oleifera, was used for the first time as a sustainable multifunctional additive in an SBR compound. Improved cure rate with lower optimum cure time was obtained by using the gum as an accelerator activator. Tack strength of the M. oleifera gum–SBR compound was superior to both the control and the compound containing commercial phenol–formaldehyde resin at 5 parts per hundred of rubber loading. At different loadings, the gum acted as a plasticizer for the rubber and augmented processing by reducing the viscosity of the compound. The glass transition temperature of the compounds decreased by 2 °C compared with the pristine SBR. Moringa oleifera gum at any loading reduced the die swell of SBR. This study has relevance because the rubber industry is looking for feasible sustainable additives as alternatives to existing petroleum-based compounding ingredients.
The role of perceived usefulness in moderating the relationship between the DeLone and McLean model and user satisfaction
Authors: Salim Muhartini , Alfansi Lizar , Anggarawati Sularsih , Saputra Fachri Eka , Afandy Chairil
Published: June 2021

The aim of this paper is to examine one of the most crucial factors in the “Technology Acceptance Model” proposed by Davis (perceived usefulness) in moderating the “DeLone and McLean” success model in the context of educational portal in Higher Education. Questionnaires were distributed online to 200 respondents and deserved to be analyzed. The respondents were regular students at the University of Bengkulu. Data analysis used Smart-PLS version 3.2.9. The research findings indicated an influence of “system quality, information quality, and service quality partially on user satisfaction” of the educational portal information systems. The result shows that perceived usefulness can strengthen the relationship between system quality, information quality, and service quality to the satisfaction of customer. This research contributes to the development of perceived usefulness variable as a moderating variable affecting the quality of a system, quality of information, and quality of service partially on user satisfaction and finding strategies needed by the University of Bengkulu effective and efficient information system.
Impact of enterprise resource planning systems on management control systems and firm performance
Authors: Fauzi Teddy Hikmat
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to provide empirical evidence of the mediating effect of Supply Chain Management (SCM) on the relationship between enterprise resources planning (ERP) and financial performance. The empirical analysis in this study is based on primary data obtained from a survey of 300 agricultural sector companies with 220 respondents or with a response rate of 73%. This research was conducted with a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach with a test tool using Partial Least Square (PLS). Overall, the findings in this study indicate that Supply Chain Management (SCM) mediates in part the effects of enterprise resources planning (ERP) on financial performance. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of enterprise resources planning (ERP) results in increased financial performance in the long term and Supply Chain Management (SCM) helps companies achieve increased financial performance in the future.
Effect of halal food management system certification on buying interest of Indonesian consumer goods
Authors: Sahir Syafrida Hafni , Fahlevi Mochammad , Kasbuntoro Kasbuntoro , Sutia Sabar
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this research is to measure the effect of perceived behavior on purchasing behavior of halal food among consumers in Tangerang which is mediated by purchase intention and moderated by halal awareness. Data collection through online questionnaires was carried out by snowball sampling and the results of questionnaires were returned and valid as many as 300 respondents. Data processing using SEM method with SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results of this study indicate that attitudes, subjective norms and perceptions of behavior control have a significant effect on purchase intention. Meanwhile, purchase intention has a significant effect on the purchasing behavior of working consumers, and halal awareness moderates the effect of purchase intention on purchasing behavior.
What are the obstacles hindering digital transformation for small and medium enterprise freight logistics service providers? An interpretive structural modeling approach
Authors: Sumrit Detcharat
Published: June 2021

Digital Transformation (DT) allows logistics service providers (LSPs) to gain competitive advantages by reducing costs, and creating customer experience, innovation and efficiency. This paper proposes a systematic framework to analyse the obstacle factors hindering DT of Thailand small and medium enterprises freight LSPs. First, thirteen obstacles are identified through the extensive literature and validated by a panel of experts. Second, a nine-level hierarchical structure is determined based on Interpretive Structural Modelling to demonstrate the complex interrelationships among obstacle factors. Finally, thirteen obstacles are categorized regarding the driving and dependence power by employing Matrix Impact of Cross Multiplication Applied to Classification approach. The results indicate a lack of digital culture being the most important obstacle hindering DT, followed by lack of support and commitment from top management and lack of risk taking initiative. This finding could help LSPs who aim for DT to take appropriate steps to alleviate obstacles.
The role of market uncertainty in fostering innovation and green supply chain management on the performance of tourism SMEs
Authors: Syarief Elza
Published: June 2021

This research was conducted to examine the extent to which market uncertainty can encourage market players, especially SMEs, to exploit innovation and environmentally friendly orientation to improve their performance. From a supply chain perspective, market uncertainty, which in this study is proxied by the Covid-19 pandemic, has great potential to reduce performance and disrupt production and distribution lines as well as consumer demand. This encourages affected SMEs, such as SMEs that focus on providing tourism products, such as fashion and merchandise, to maintain their performance with product innovation, and minimize the use of non-environmentally friendly products. The object of research is Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) producing tourism souvenirs in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Using the analysis technique of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with 150 respondents, the findings indicate that market uncertainty serves as a catalyst for SMEs to maintain performance through marketing innovation and product reorientation. Specifically, the results show that there is a positive and significant influence between innovation and green orientation on SME performance, and the mediating effect of market uncertainty to increase marketing innovation and environmentally friendly orientation. These findings theoretically contribute to explaining the relationship between supply chain management in the context of market uncertainty. In practical terms, this study confirms the need for support by stakeholders to support limited domestic tourism, according to health protocols, as well as digitalization of marketing for tourism SMEs.
The role of workers' perceptions towards the uncertain result of ergonomic program
Authors: Anizar Anizar , Matondang Abdul Rahim , Ismail Rizabuana , Matondang Nazaruddin
Published: June 2021

Manual activities of workers in palm oil factories cause pain complaints that can be resolved with an ergonomic program. However, the uncertainty of the success of the ergonomic program requires active involvement from workers. This study aims to discuss the role of workers’ perceptions towards the success of the ergonomic program intervention in palm oil mills. By referring to the theory of reasoned action and technology acceptance model, acceptance of workers to ergonomics programs are influenced by perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived trust. All these research variables were analyzed simultaneously using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) software, in which data were obtained from questionnaires given to 280 people working in 20 palm oil mills in North Sumatra Province. The sampling method used is simple random sampling and model estimation is performed using PLS regression algorithm and resampling bootstrapping method. The result shows that perceived usefulness has the biggest effect on the success of the ergonomic program, followed by perceived trust and perceived ease of use, which has a smaller effect. This study focuses on workers’ perception that needs to be considered for facing uncertain results in implementing an ergonomic program.
MODERN TRENDS IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE CITY
Authors:   Astrakhan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Astrakhan, Russia, Alexandrova Y.N. , Tsitman T.O.
Published: June 2021

The transformation of the city within the existing boundaries of the city, but with a promising development is the main vector for improving the city in the urban planning aspect. This article examines the relevance of modern trends in the development of the city, which are the fundamental of the master plan. The master plan serves as a future reference point for the development of the city, not only in the architecture, but also in the economic and demographic factors. A comprehensive assessment allows you to select key areas for the development of the territory and propose ways to achieve the goals of the master plan. A competent approach and the right decisions will allow the territory, taking into account resources and potential, to get an impetus for development. The general characteristics of the territory are subject not only to urban planning aspects, but also to the spatial organization of the urban structure.
INFLUENCE OF RIBBING ON THE STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF A FLAT ROUND TANK BOTTOM
Authors:   Baishev university, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan, Baibulov А.K. , Ivanitskaya N.V. ,   Kazakh-Russian International University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: June 2021

Options with radial and longitudinal-transverse rib arrangement were considered. The research was carried out by numerical simulation in the ANSYS program. The values of stresses and deformations in the tank bottom were obtained depending on the number and location of stiffeners on it. It is established that the main load is perceived by the Central part of the ribs. Therefore, due to the correct selection of stiffeners, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the head plate. To equalize the stresses on the head surface, the number of edges should be at least six, and the radial placement of the edges is more preferable. With the same deformations, in this case, the stresses in the head are somewhat less. The results obtained make it possible to increase the strength of the flat head and use it in tanks intended for storing liquid and gaseous substances under low pressure.
Suicide and Suicide risk factors: A Literature Review
Authors: Kedar Tushar
Published: June 2021

Suicide can be defined as intentional self-inflicted death. It is a serious cause of mortality worldwide. Suicide is considered as a psychiatric emergency and the awareness of the seriousness of suicide in our society should not be overlooked. It is estimated that approximately 1.5% of all deaths worldwide are by suicide in the year 2020. The suicide mortality rate in 2015 was 12% in 100,000, which means about one death every 20 s. Rates of completed suicides are generally higher among men than among women, ranging from 1.5 times as much in the developing world to 3.5 times in the developed world. Suicide is generally most common among those over the age of 70; however, in certain countries, those aged between 15 and 30 are at the highest risk. Suicidal behavior is the second leading cause of death in adolescents in the world. Suicide behavior in adolescents can be prevented by recognizing risk factors and protective factors originating from themselves and the surrounding environment. This study aimed to identify risk factors and protective factors for adolescents who demonstrate suicidal behavior. Prevention programs that target young people, females, and low socioeconomic groups, and aimed to reduce harmful alcohol use can help prevent suicidal behaviours.
Suicide Prevention Strategies: An Overview
Authors: Mendagudli Veerabhadrappa G. , Sarawad Shivaleela S.
Published: June 2021

Suicide is the intentional self-infliction of death. It is a leading cause of death all over the world. Suicide is the third leading cause of death among teenagers aged 15 to 19. Low- and middle-income countries account for 79 % of global suicides. Pesticide ingestion, hanging, and weapons are among the most popular ways to commit suicide around the world. Suicides had increased to 230,314 in India in 2016. Suicide was the leading cause of death in both the 15–29 and 15–39 age groups. About 800,000 people die by suicide worldwide every year, of these 135,000 (17%) are residents of India, a nation with 17.5% of world population. A prior suicide attempt is the single most important risk factor for suicide in the general population. Every year, approximately 800,000 people die by suicide around the world, with 135,000 (17%) of them living in India, which accounts for 17.5% of the global population. For every suicide there are many more people who attempt suicide every year. In the general population, having attempted suicide previously is the single most significant risk factor for suicide. Tamil Nadu had the highest suicide rate of 12.5 percent in 2012, followed by Maharashtra (11.9 percent) and West Bengal (11.0 percent). Tamil Nadu and Kerala had the highest suicide rates per 100,000 people among large population states in 2012. In India, the ratio of male to female suicides is around 2:1. The number of suicides in India is estimated to be in the millions. For example, a study published in The Lancet predicted 187,000 suicides in India in 2010, although official data from the Indian government claims 134,600 suicides. According to WHO data, India's age-standardized suicide rate for women is 16.4 per 100,000 (6th highest in the world), and for men it is 25.8 per 100,000. (Ranking 22nd).
Prevalence and determinants of eating disorder risk among Bangladeshi public university students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Banna Md​. Hasan Al , Dewan Md​. Forshed , Tariq Mohammad Raihan , Sayeed Abu , Kundu Satyajit , Disu Tasnim Rahman , Akter Sumaiya , Sahrin Sumaia , Khan Md Shafiqul Islam
Published: June 2021

Eating disorders among university students have been increasing day by day in developing countries. However, there is a dearth of existing literature that assessed eating disorder risk among this population group in Bangladesh. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of eating disorder risk and its associated factors among university students. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 365 Bangladeshi public university students from October to December 2019. Data were collected by self-reported questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics, risk of eating disorder, and nutritional status of study participants. The respondents’ eating disorder risk and nutritional status were assessed using the validated eating attitudes test-26 (EAT-26) tool and anthropometric measurement, respectively. A cut-off score of ≥ 20 based on EAT-26 indicates the presence of an eating disorder risk. Finally, a binary logistic regression was employed to identify the determinants of an eating disorder. The prevalence of ‘eating disorder risk’ was 23.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 18.6 to 27.4). Being female (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.4 to 4.2), aged between 17-21 years (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.2 to 3.6), overweight (AOR = 4.9; 95% CI: 1.6 to 14.9) and obese (AOR = 7.7, 95% CI: 1.9 to 31.4) showed a higher odds of having an eating disorder risk in the present study. The higher prevalence of eating disorders in the study indicates that psychological intervention and health awareness programs, particularly to younger age, female, and overweight and obese students at the university level, would effectively prevent the eating disorder risk.
Çocuk Teolojisini Anlamak: John M. Hull’ün ‘Çocuklarla Teolojik Konuşmalar’ Eserinin Analizi
Authors: CANPOLAT Güllüzar , IŞIKDOĞAN Davut
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmada John M. Hull’ün “Çocuklarla Teolojik Konuşmalar: Ebeveyn ve Öğretmenler İçin Bazı Tavsiyeler” adlı eserinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Söz konusu inceleme hem çocuk teolojisinin hedeflediği ilkeler hem de pedagojik anlamda din eğitiminin nasıl olması gerektiğini açıklayan literatürdeki verilerle karşılaştırılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada döküman incelemesi ve niteliksel analiz yöntemleri kullanılmış ve beş bölümden oluşan kitap belirlenen başlıklar çerçevesinde tetkik edilmiştir. Kitapta yer alan diyalog örnekleri detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiş ve seçilen bazı örnekler üzerinden çocuk teolojisi açısından şu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır: Çocukların Tanrı ve dua gibi din ile ilgili mevzuları öğrenmeleri, sosyal, kişisel, kültürel gelişimleri ve kelime haznelerinin zenginleştirilmesi yönünden teolojik konuşmaların gerek gelişime gerekse din eğitimine katkı sağladığı görülmüştür. Çocuk teolojisinin uygulamada hem dini literatürü hem de eğitim bilimleri verilerini iyi bilen bir ebeveyn veya öğretmen tarafından çocuğu bütünlükçü bir şekilde geliştirebileceği anlaşılmıştır.
Teaching Paraphilias with the DSM 5: Learning the Distinction between Difference and Disorder
Authors: Levand Mark A. , Roy Renee
Published: June 2021

Popular media, public discourse, and many clinicians are often unclear about the difference between paraphilias and paraphilic disorders. Education about paraphilias and diagnostic criteria is scarce in human sexuality education. Many clinicians are poorly educated about non-normative sexual interests. After a brief history about paraphilias and a background on the need for this information, we supply a lesson plan about paraphilias and paraphilic disorders using diagnostic criteria from the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM 5). Major concepts included in this lesson are the distinction between paraphilias and paraphilic disorders and the difference between having a paraphilia and acting on it. We offer a section for further reading as well as a resource about paraphilic disorders adapted from the DSM 5.
Exploring strategies used by physiotherapy private practices in hosting student clinical placements
Authors: Forbes Roma , Dinsdale Alana , Dunwoodie Ruth , Birch Stephen , Brauer Sandy
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Private practice clinical education experiences are important for workforce readiness of physiotherapy graduates, however there are limited opportunities to experience this setting during training. Furthermore, private practice is considered a valuable source of placements for education providers where shortages occur. Exploring the strategies used by physiotherapy private practice providers when hosting students may provide insight into how students can be integrated into practice whilst minimising disruption to staff, clients and service delivery.

Methods: A qualitative study with a general inductive thematic analytical approach was undertaken. Semi-structured interviews of ten physiotherapy private practice placement providers responsible for student placement provision were used to explore the strategies used to successfully integrate students into private practice settings.

Results: Four key themes emerged following data analysis; developing systems, student service provision, finding other ways to educate, and seeking support from the education provider.

Conclusion: This study is the first to explore the perspective of private practice placement providers regarding how students are successfully integrated into private practice settings where learning and service delivery can be maximised. Areas for further research are outlined.
Cronologia e desenvolvimento jurídico da contratação da empresa farmacêutica Sinovac Biotech pelo Estado de São Paulo (Instituto Butantan) para a produção da vacina Coronavac sob o prisma da inovação
Authors: Nagao Menezes Daniel Francisco , Barreto Leal Marcelo , Barberato Genghini Marco Aurélio
Published: June 2021

O objetivo do presente artigo é o estudo dos instrumentos jurídicos envolvidos na contratação da empresa farmacêutica Sinovac Biotech pelo Estado de São Paulo, via Instituto Butantan, para a produção da vacina nomeada Coronavac. A metodologia adotada será a análise das informações veiculadas a respeito dos contratos que basearam a operação, focando principalmente os instrumentos jurídicos envolvendo a transferência de tecnologia, de conhecimentos científicos, industriais e de eventuais licenças para uso de tecnologias patenteadas, sob a luz do tema da inovação. Para tanto, analisaremos cronologicamente o desenvolvimento destes institutos jurídicos desde o seu anúncio pelas autoridades constituídas até a fase atual, quando da finalização do presente estudo.
BİTKİ ADLARININ ANLAM OLAYLARI VE ANLAM DEĞİŞMELERİ AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: YILDIZ Yasemin
Published: June 2021

Anlam değişmesi, çeşitli kelimelerin birtakım sebeplerle ve olaylarla birlikte farklı bir anlam kazanması ile meydana gelir. Dolayısıyla bu değişimlerin gerçekleşmesinde temel etken dilin kendisidir. Dil, değişime ve gelişime açık canlı bir unsurdur. Bu sebeple, meydana gelen sosyal ve kültürel değişimlerden en çok etkilenen de dil olmuştur. Bütün bunlar bir anlam bilimci titizliğiyle incelendiğinde kelimelerin geçirdikleri anlam olayları ile anlam değişmeleri arasında sıkı bir ilişki olduğu açık bir şekilde görülmektedir. Anlam iyileşmesi, anlam kötüleşmesi, başka anlama geçiş vb. anlam olayları anlam değişmelerini beraberinde getirmiştir. Sesler, kelimelerin söyleniş şekli, aktarmalar, benzetmeler vb. dilsel unsurların yanında dil dışı unsurlar da anlam olaylarında ve anlam değişmelerinde oldukça etkili olmuştur. Kısacası; anlam olayları anlam değişmelerini etkilemiş, anlam değişmeleri de anlam olayları ile birlikte farklı bir nitelik kazanmıştır.

Anlam olayları ve anlam değişmeleri bitki adları açısından ele alındığında, pek çok faktörün bu alanda belirleyici olduğundan bahsedebiliriz. Ancak genel olarak bakıldığında temel iki faktör göze çarpar. İlk faktör olarak dil içinde var olan dilsel unsurları (benzetmeler, aktarmalar, eksiltmeler, argo vs.) söyleyebiliriz. Sonrasında ise sosyal ve kültürel etmenler gelir. Dilsel unsurların içerisinde özellikle vurgulanması gereken konu ise ağız özellikleridir. Aslında bu kısımda dilsel unsurların ön planda olmasının yanında, sosyal ve kültürel etmenlerin de etkisi vardır. Ağız özelliklerinin ortaya çıkmasında dil kadar coğrafya faktörü de etkilidir. Ayrıca anlam olaylarında ve değişmelerinde zaman kavramı da oldukça önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bir kelimenin, bir anlam olayı geçirmesi, anlam değişimine uğraması ve toplum tarafından bu anlamın benimsenmesi oldukça uzun bir zaman gerektirmektedir. Yani gerek dilsel gerekse dil dışı pek çok etken anlam olaylarının ve değişimlerinin şekillenmesinde rol oynar. Bu çalışmada bütün bu konularla birlikte, anlam değişmeleri üzerine araştırma yapan araştırmacıların görüşlerine ve tasniflerine de yer verilecektir. Bununla birlikte bazı bitkilerin anlamları çeşitli kaynaklardan araştırılarak mukayese edilecek ve kelimenin hangi anlam olayıyla birlikte nasıl bir anlam değişimine uğradığı açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır.
Pengaruh Bekam Terhadap Intensitas Nyeri pada Penderita Reumatik Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tanjung Hulu Kecamatan Pontianak Timur Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Iswara Ruhil , Sari Lintang , Kosasih Engkos
Published: June 2021

Latar Belakang : Rematik merupakan keadaan progresif yang dimulai dengan rasa sakit dan kaku pada persendian yang dapat menyebabkan morbiditas dan kecacatan seumur hidup. Nyeri ini mengakibatkan penderita sulit untuk bergerak sehingga mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari. Bekam merupakan pengobatan dengan penghisapan menggunakan cup pada kulit, kemudian darah dikeluarkan melalui sayatan bertujuan meningkatkan sirkulasi darah, menimbulkan efek penghilang nyeri, dan mengurangi pembengkakan. Tujuan Penelitian: Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi bekam terhadap intensitas nyeri pada penderita rematik. Jenis penelitian  : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi experiment (eksperimen semu) dengan desain pre and posttest without control dengan responden sebanyak enam belas orang. Hasil penelitian : Perbedaan rata-rata skala nyeri sebelum dan setelah intervensi diuji menggunakan wilcoxon dengan hasil terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada rata-rata skala nyeri sebelum dan setelah intervensi dengan nilai p value (0,001) lebih kecil dari a=0,05. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terapi bekam berpengaruh terhadap nyeri pada penderita rematik. Oleh karena itu disarankan kepada masyarakat untuk dapat memilih terapi bekam dalam mengurangi nyeri rematik.
Pengaruh Terapi Bekam pada Titik Refleksologi dengan Aroma Terapi Lavender Oil Terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah pada Penderita Hipertensi
Authors: Wahdini Rizqa , Safarudin Syarif , Oktaviani Diah
Published: June 2021

Latar Belakang: Hipertensi merupakan gangguan asimptomatik pada tekaan darah yang sering terjadi ditandai dengan peningkatan tekanan darah secara persisten. Penyebab hipertensi belum diketahui dengan pasti penyebabnya. Salah satu terapi komplementer yang dapat digunakan untuk menjaga keseimbangan tekanan darah yaitu terapi bekam yang berfungsi meningkatkan permeabilitas pembuluh darah, dibantu dengan aromaterapi lavender yang memiliki efek relaksasi sehingga mampu memperbaiki metabolism dan memperlancar pembuluh darah. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi bekam pada titik refleksologi dengan menggunakan minyak aromaterapi lavender terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi. Jenis penelitian  : Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif yang menggunakan rancangan penelitian quasi experimen dengan pre post test without control. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah simple random sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 16 orang. Hasil penelitian : Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil signifikan yaitu terjadi penurunan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi setelah dilakukan intervensi yaitu high hipertensi sebanyak 3 responden dengan persentase sebesar 18,75 persen, hipertensi grade 1 (ringan) sebesar 9 responden dengan persentase 56,25 persen, dan hipertensi grade 2 (sedang) sebanyak 4 responden dengan persentase sebesar 25 persen. Hasil uji wilcoxon didapat nilai P lebih kecil dari 0,05 (P= 0,000). Kesimpulan : Adanya pengaruh terapi bekam pada titik refleksologi dengan aromaterapi lavender oil terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi.
Perubahan Pengetahuan Pekerja Seks Komersial Tentang HIV-AIDS Melalui Upaya Pendidikan Kesehatan Metode Brain Storming
Authors: Akbar Ali , Hidayat Uti Rusdian , Nurwijayanti Suciarti
Published: June 2021

Pekerja seks komersial merupakan salah satu kelompok resiko yang memegang peranan penting dalam penyebaran HIV AIDS. Upaya yang cukup efektif untuk menekan penyebaran virus tersebut yaitu dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan pekerja mengenai perilaku seksual yang aman  melalui metode pendidikan kesehatan yang sesuai.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan HIV AIDS dengan menggunakan metode brain storming terhadap perubahan pengetahuan pekerja seks komersial. Hasil analisis Simple Paired T Test menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan responden sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan dengan metode brain storming (p value = 0,000).
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Tentang Pengendalian Hipertensi dan Tingkat Pemanfaatan Fasilitas Kesehatan dengan Terjadinya Hipertensi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sungai Kakap
Authors: Wandira Wandira , Hidayat Uti Rusdian , Purnomo Aryanto
Published: June 2021

Latar Belakang: Hipertensi disebut sebagai silent killer karena sebagian besar kasus hipertensi dimasyarakat akibat dari penderita tidak menyadari bahwa dia menderita hipertensi karena tidak mendapat gejala, pengontrolan yang kurang dan tidak rutin serta tidak minum obat sesuai anjuran petugas kesehatan.Tujuan: untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan tentang pengendalian hipertensi dan pemanfaatan fasilitas kesehatan dengan terjadinya hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sungai Kakap.Metode: penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan rancangan penelitian observasional analitik korelatif dengan desain penelitian case control. Besar sampel yaitu 68 orang yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisa data menggunakan uji chi square, dengan nilai P lebih kecil dari 0,05.Hasil: hubungan tingkat pengetahuan tentang pengendalian hipertensi dengan terjadinya hipertensi (p value=0,000) dan pemanfaatan fasilitas kesehatan dengan dengan terjadinya hipertensi (p value=0,002).Kesimpulan: Terdapat Hubungan yang signifikan tingkat pengetahuan tentang pengendalian hipertensi dan tingkat pemanfaatan fasilitas kesehatan dengan terjadinya hipertensi.
Hubungan Persepsi dengan Motivasi Ibu Dalam Melakukan Imunisasi Dasar pada Bayi di Desa Sungai Raya Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kabupaten Kubu Raya
Authors: Sari Telmasari , Sari Lintang , Hajimi Hajimi
Published: June 2021

Pencegahan penyakit infeksi melalui vaksinasi dapat dicapai bilamana sasaran imunisasi global terpenuhi. Beberapa faktor menyebabkan sasaran imunisasi belum tercapai, di antaranya persepsi dan motivasi ibu. Persepsi seorang ibu terhadap imunisasi cenderung mudah terpengarhi oleh lingkungan di sekitarnya sehingga berakibat pada motivasi untuk membawa anak melakukan imunisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan persepsi dengan motivasi ibu dalam melakukan imunisasi dasar pada bayi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode correlation study, dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Melalui perhitungan dengan uji spearman rank didapatkan hasil bahwa kecenderungan ibu memiliki persepsi baik dengan motivasi baik yaitu sebanyak 80,6 persen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara persepsi dengan motivasi ibu dalam melakukan imunisasi dasar pada bayi dengan nilai p value 0,00 lebih kecil dari a=0,05. Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara persepsi dengan motivasi ibu dalam melakukan imunisasi dasar pada bayi di Desa Sungai Raya Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kabupaten Kubu Raya.
Identificación morfológica y molecular de especies autóctonas trichoderma spp., aisladas de suelos de importancia agrícola
Authors: Sánchez Miranda María Delfina , Moreno Mayorga Luis Francisco , Páramo Aguilera Leandro Alberto
Published: June 2021

Trichoderma sp.  es un género de hongo que está siendo utilizado ampliamente como una alternativa sostenible para el control de enfermedades de plantas y promotor de crecimiento en cultivos de importancia agrícola. Tiene una gran diversidad genética, por lo que el presente estudio pretende identificar y describir morfológica y molecularmente especies provenientes de diferentes fuentes tan diversas como suelo agrícola, tomate triturado, cultivo de plátano, pastos entre otros. En el estudio se encontró 17 aislados de hongos con características en sus colonias similares a Trichoderma spp., los cuales después de observar sus características morfológicas se identificaron presuntivamente como pertenecientes a este género. La caracterización de su conidióforo, fiálides y conidias, demostró que dichos aislados correspondían al género Trichoderma spp. Posteriormente se demostró que los 17 aislados pertenecían al género Trichoderma sp mediante secuenciación, utilizando los cebadores ITS1 (5 TCC GTA GGT GAA CCT GCG G 3) ADNr, encontrándose 7 especies diferentes del hongo en el estudio, las cuales fueron: T. harzianum, T. viride, T. asperellum, T. asperelloide, T. songyi, T. virens y T. breve. De estas especies T. asperellum y T. harzianum, son de vital importancia por ser previamente identificadas como efectivos agentes de control biológico de enfermedades y promotores de  crecimiento    de plantas y se abre una nueva puerta de investigación con T. breve y T. songyi, ya que muy poco se conoce sobre la aplicación biotecnológica de éstas.
A transiência dos modelos econômicos: performatividade e econometria
Authors: Almeida Rafael Galvão de
Published: June 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo resenhar a literatura sobre a performatividade da economia, analisando suas origens na filosofia da linguagem de John L. Austin, até suas aplicações por Michel Callon e Donald MacKenzie. Partindo dessa análise, o artigo disserta sobre os canais de influência que a econometria pode influenciar o sistema econômico (economy) e como se torna um instrumento de política performativa. O artigo conclui que é difícil de determinar efeitos performativos claros da econometria na economia, mas reflete sobre a transitoriedade dos modelos.
Por que é importante discutir desigualdade
Authors: Mattos Fernando Augusto Mansor de
Published: June 2021

O artigo destaca três motivos para explicar a crescente importância do tema da desigualdade no debate acadêmico e político das últimas décadas nos países desenvolvidos. Estes motivos são discutidos respectivamente em cada uma das três sessões em que se divide o texto. A primeira sessão destaca a dimensão econômica da desigualdade, mostrando que a ampliação da concentração da renda, desde os anos 1980, e também, ainda com mais intensidade, nos anos 2000, já tem sido motivo suficiente para a retomada do tema. A segunda argumenta que, nos anos 2000, a concentração da renda tem beneficiado o “1% do topo” da distribuição. A explicação acerca dos determinantes desse fenômeno é importante para abrir espaço para uma interpretação mais abrangente da desigualdade, incorporando aspectos políticos, sociais e institucionais ao tema, e destacando as contradições relacionadas ao fato de que a desigualdade vem se ampliando em contexto de vigência de Democracia formal nos diferentes países. A terceira sessão mostra que a interpretação da trajetória da desigualdade sob um ponto de vista multidimensional, conforme proposto anteriormente, permite compreender a natureza dos diversos aspectos de deterioração dos mercados de trabalho nas décadas recentes. A articulação dos três motivos mencionados revela a necessidade de que a desigualdade tenha uma abordagem multidisciplinar e multidimensional.  As conclusões ressaltam que a compreensão acerca dos determinantes da trajetória da desigualdade, em todas as suas dimensões, permite reunir elementos para subsidiar informações para a construção de políticas públicas destinadas a enfrentar as crescentes mazelas sociais e também para discutir formas de combater a desigualdade extrema e seus eventuais efeitos deletérios sobre a própria acumulação capitalista.
O impacto do desempenho da produtividade do capital para o crescimento econômico nos setores e regiões brasileiras: uma análise de 2004 a 2014
Authors: Souza Thais Andreia Araujo de , Cunha Marina Silva da
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho objetivou estudar a produtividade brasileira entre 2004-2014 e o impacto no crescimento. Esse assunto é importante porque a produtividade é considerada determinante fundamental do crescimento econômico. Para isto, foi estudado o seu desempenho por meio da produtividade capital e análises setoriais e regionais, buscando verificar onde mais se contribuiu para a baixa produtividade agregada. Ademais, constatado o desempenho da produtividade, foram realizadas decomposições do crescimento para verificar como decorreu a contribuição da produtividade para o crescimento. Dentre os resultados obtidos, se verificou que ocorreu diminuição na produtividade do capital em todas as regiões e setores, exceto nos serviços, contribuindo negativamente no crescimento. Portanto, se verifica que o baixo crescimento brasileiro tem se pautado na contribuição negativa da eficiência produtiva.
Efeitos do desalinhamento da taxa real de câmbio sobre o crescimento econômico
Authors: Kamenach Kerssia Preda , Meyrelles Filho Sérgio Fornazier , Missio Fabricio José , D´Amato Stefan Wilson
Published: June 2021

O objetivo do artigo é testar empiricamente os efeitos do desalinhamento cambial sobre o crescimento econômico. Para tanto, estima-se um modelo econométrico com a metodologia de dados em painel para uma amostra de sessenta e cinco países em desenvolvimento e trinta e um países desenvolvidos, observados no período de 2001 a 2014. A novidade do trabalho está na amostra, no período analisado e na especificação das variáveis de controle, o que inclui o índice de complexidade econômica (ICE). Esse índice é utilizado como uma proxy para o nível de desenvolvimento tecnológico. Os resultados do modelo indicam que o coeficiente do índice de desalinhamento da taxa real de câmbio é positivo e significativo, fornecendo-se assim suporte empírico para a hipótese de que a manutenção de uma taxa real de câmbio subvalorizada tende a impactar positivamente sobre o crescimento econômico, especialmente para países em desenvolvimento.
Deliberações em nível federal e impactos sobre as finanças públicas do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Braatz Jacó , Da Rocha Mariana Mariano
Published: June 2021

O presente texto propõe-se à discussão de três temas sujeitos a deliberações em nível federal que, efetiva ou potencialmente, causam impacto significativo nas finanças públicas do Rio Grande do Sul: os parâmetros do Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e de Valorização dos Profissionais da Educação (FUNDEB), o Piso Nacional do Magistério (PNM) e as regras de vinculações relativas aos gastos com saúde, regulamentadas pela LC 141/2012.A partir da análise destes aspectos e da explicitação da sua relevância para as finanças públicas estaduais pretende-se ressaltar a inadequação do tratamento das condições financeiras do Rio Grande do Sul como algo decorrente somente de ações tomadas em nível estadual. As circunstâncias que envolvem estes temas estão relacionadas aos termos do pacto federativo brasileiro e aos objetivos mais amplos das políticas públicas correspondentes. São, portanto, sujeitos a um conjunto de elementos de natureza política, que não parecem passíveis de análise a partir de analogias com empresas privadas que interagem no ambiente de mercado.Com respeito ao FUNDEB, aponta-se que a combinação entre certas tendências demográficas e as regras relativas às contribuições e retorno dos recursos implicam em perdas significativas de recursos para o Rio Grande do Sul. Com respeito ao Piso Nacional do Magistério discute-se que a sua implementação implicaria em um considerável impacto nas despesas com pessoal, entrando em contradição com a Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal. Sobre as vinculações relativas aos gastos com saúde, avalia-se o efeito da diferente regra de vinculação estabelecida sobre os entes subnacionais comparativamente à que corresponde à União, compreendido como fator fundamental para a mudança de composição da origem dos recursos direcionados para esta categoria de despesa.Avalia-se, em síntese, que estas três circunstâncias têm implicações reais ou potenciais de grandes proporções para as finanças públicas do Rio grande do Sul. Tomadas em absoluto e em seu conjunto, as grandezas envolvidas alcançam magnitude superior a R$ 8 bilhões de reais anuais, cifra esta que corresponde a mais de 20% da RCL (Receita Corrente Líquida) anual do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul.
General Chemistry Peer-Led Team Learning (PLTL) Program at the University of Texas El Paso
Authors: Rodriguez Vanessa L.
Published: June 2021

The Peer-Led Team Learning (PLTL) Program at the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) is a program that provides students with the training necessary to host small workshops for students enrolled in their first two semesters of Chemistry. Peer Leaders are tasked with the responsibility of facilitating learning of Chemistry through the creation of practice problems, reviews and interactive games. As UTEP is a Latinx-serving university, a large portion of Peer Leaders and students are Latinx. Therefore, the PLTL program is empowering students through the development of Peer Leaders' leadership, and the strengthening of students' foundation in Chemistry, making them more likely to succeed in the STEM field. Peer Leaders in the program have witnessed the impact of the COVID-19pandemic on Latinx students and have found ways to adapt to the shift to online learning.
Compliance With International Financial Reporting Standards and Value Relevance of Accounting Information in South Africa
Authors: Putsai Unity Maqeda , Mkhize Msizi
Published: June 2021

The objective of the study is to investigate the relationship between the International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS 1) and the value relevance (VR) of accounting information. In this study forty-six companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange during the period 1993 to 2017. Panel data is used to compare the period before and after IFRS. The companies in the sample are composed of the following sectors; mining, manufacturing, banks and investment companies, real estate, general industry, retailers, construction and material, chemical and software, and computers. Based on the yearly financial reports published by public companies in South Africa, the study employed the Cookes (1992) Unweighted Disclosure Index to measure the level of compliance in South Africa. Fifty-six disclosure elements from IFRS 1 were utilized to measure the compliance level. Thereafter Ohlson (1995) Model is used with dummy variables to compare the pre-and post-IFRS period. First, the study reflected that most of the South African companies exhibit higher compliance rates ranging from 87 to 93.417 which is impressive. On the other hand, 4 companies recorded Medium level compliance that is between 60% to 79% compliance level. The findings further revealed that there is a significant positive association between compliance with IFRS 1 and the value relevance of accounting information.