bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the relationship between students’ proficiency level and their ability to identify figurative language
Authors: Jimenez-Munoz Antonio , Lahuerta-Martínez Ana Cristina
Published: June 2022

Abstract concepts are frequently expressed in natural language by means of metaphors, metonymies and other types of figurative language. Knowledge and appropriate use of these conceptual instances of actual language use by university graduates are related to L2 mastery, and therefore conceptual instruction is expected to facilitate L2 acquisition. The aim of this paper is to study ESP higher-education students’ conceptual competence and its relationship to their overall L2 competence. An empirical study measures the students’ ability to recognize metaphors and metonymies, including demographic, sociological and individual factors (including the effect of the informal learning of English language by means of extra-curricular activities) as interpretive data on such reflective figurative language recognition. Results indicate a significant difference in learners’ figurative language interpretation across academic disciplines. In addition, English language proficiency and age, together with two sociological factors (regular English-related leisure activities and speaking English on the phone) are significant factors in figurative language recognition in a specialised University context. Age and leisure choices also turned out to be significant factors in figurative language identification and literal meaning choice. The findings of the present study have important implications for the ESP practitioners regarding the teaching of metaphors and metonymies to their students, as well as learners when practising extracurricular English-related activities. It seems of relevance to insert figurative language recognition and use into ESP programs for L2/FL learners at all levels of English proficiency.
THE UPCYCLING OF MODERNISM AND POSTMODERNISM IN CINEMA: THE METAMODERN STRUCTURE OF FEELING IN BAD LUCK BANGING OR LOONY PORN
Authors: SARI Mehmet
Published: June 2022

Postmodernism, which puts irony and skepticism in a central position, has started to be insufficient in making sense of contemporary visual culture and art and has lost its hegemony, resulting in the need for new explanatory frameworks. Metamodernism, as a discourse pointing to transforming sensibility and the zeitgeist, is characterized by oscillations such as between modern and postmodern, hope and nihilism, irony and sincerity. In this study, the manifestation of metamodernism in cinema has been discussed through Bad Luck Banging or Loony Porn (Radu Jude, 2021). The production of the metamodern effect in cinema has been investigated by examining the intricate use of modern and postmodern cinematic narrative strategies. Moving through dualities, the film oscillates between the hope and progress aimed by modernism and the cynical and ironic approach of postmodernism. It implements the ‘upcycling’ strategy of metamodernism, which tries to overcome modernism and postmodernism without denying them. It embodies the metamodern structure of feeling with its post-ironic, sincere and carnivalesque qualities.
FOTOĞRAFLAR ARACILIĞIYLA (GÖÇMEN) KADINLARIN YAŞAMLARINI VE HİKAYELERİNİ ARAŞTIRMAK
Authors: GENCEL BEK Mine
Published: June 2022

Türkiye’den Almanya’ya göç etmiş ve halen Almanya’da yaşamakta olan 10 kadının yaşam anlatılarının izlerini fotoğrafları aracılığıyla süren bu çalışma, içerdiği iktidar dinamikleri, kısıtlamalar ve olasılıklarla birlikte göçmenliği toplumsal cinsiyet açısından anlamayı da amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada bu süreçte fotoğraflar hem pratik hem de içerik açısından analiz edildi. Kadınlarla hayatları ve göçmenlik hikayeleri üzerine görüşmeler, onların göstermek üzere seçtiklerinin yanısıra evde görülebilen (duvarda, evin değişik kısımlarında, buzdolabı kapağında vb.) fotoğraflar aracılığıyla gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmanın belli başlı soruları şunlardı: Görüşme boyunca hangi temalar, sözcükler, söylemler tekrarlandı, hiç yer almadı ya da sessizce geçiştirildi? Kadınlar kimliklerini ve aidiyetlerini nasıl inşa ediyorlar? Geçmiş yaşamlarındaki yerleri ve ilişkileri nasıl hatırlıyor, bunlarla nasıl bağlantı kuruyor ve geleceği nasıl tasavvur ediyorlar?
Görseller Üzerinden Savaş ve Dijital Savaşlar
Authors: YILDIZ Ayşe Nevin
Published: June 2022

Savaşlar insanlık tarihinin bir parçasıdır. Hatta insanlık tarihini savaşlar tarihi, kültürü de bu savaşların deyim yerindeyse bir sonucu olarak ele alan paradigmalar mevcuttur. Savaş paradigmalarına karşı konumlanan ve bunları dönüştürmeyi amaçlayan barış çalışmalarının bize gösterdiği, iletişim araçlarının savaş kültürünün meşrulaştırılmasında olduğu gibi, doğallaştırılıp yaygınlaştırılmasında da büyük payının olduğudur. Zira fiziksel kültürel ve yapısal şiddet tarafından sistemli bir biçimde örülen bir savaş kültürü mevcuttur ve bu kültürün yerini barış kültürüne bırakabilmesi için barış gazeteciliğinin varlığı büyük önem taşır. Neredeyse başlangıcından bu yana savaş gazeteciliği olarak icra edilegelmiş olan gazetecilik mesleğinin, barış kültürünün inşasında ne tür işlevler ve sorumluluklar üstlenebileceği sorusu ise her savaş döneminde tekrar sorulmaktadır. Gazeteciliğin barış ile bağlantılı etiği bir yana, diğer bir taraftan teknoloji adeta Marshall McLuhan’ın “araç mesajdır” ifadesinin altını çizercesine olayları biçimlendirmektedir. Nitekim savaşların, teknolojik gelişmelerle birlikte bir gösteriye dönüşmesi bildiğimiz bir şey olsa da özellikle bu röportaja konu olan Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşından hareketle savaşın imgeleştirilmesinin tamamıyla dijitalleştiğini söylemek mümkün. Daha açık bir ifadeyle, bu savaş örneğinde savaşın imgeler üzerinden verildiğini, tarafların kamuoyu desteği almak için adeta bir iletişim savaşı sürdürdüğünü izleyebiliyoruz. Biz de Moment Dergi olarak, sahada neler oluyor, bu savaşı yeni kılan ne, bizi neler bekliyor ve dahası biz bu savaşı nasıl okumalıyız sorularını Ümit Bektaş’a sorduk.
bell hooks'un ardından...
Authors: HİNDİOĞLU Ayşe
Published: June 2022

Çok sayıda insanın kadın mücadelesi, sınıf öfkesi, eşcinsellik, ve ırkçılık gibi birçok konuda fikrinin ve çözüm aradığı keskin sapaklarının olduğu bir bölgede yaşıyor olmak, bana kendi bakış açımı oluştururken ve bu yazıyı yazma davetini aldığım 8 Mart günü temiz bir sayfa açarken bir hayli zor oldu. Neyse ki anmak, anlamak ve bir kez daha sesini sonuna kadar açmak istediğim bell hooks’un ideoloji gözlüklerini taktım ve 7/24 mücadelesini verdiğimiz feminizme bir kez daha onun bakışıyla yaklaşma fırsatı edindim. Bu benim için çok gurur vericiydi, çünkü eserleriyle bu kadar geç tanışma fırsatı bulduğum halde tüm zamansal, konumsal, etnik ve sınıfsal farklılıklara rağmen bu ataerkil dünyanın bir ucundan yalnızca kadın ya da insan olma pratiğimiz sayesinde kendisiyle özdeşleşmemi sağlayabilmiş bir kadın hakkında yazabilecektim. İçinde yaşadığımız sosyokültürel ortamın feminist mücadelede her gün daha da yorgun düşmemize altyapı hazırlayan zemini, 8 Mart’ın biraz hüzünlü ama daima daha da güçlenerek geldiğinin habercisiydi. Feminist Teori ve Medya Çalışmaları yüksek lisans dersinde sıkça ismini anıyor oluşumuz ve düşüncelerinin bizlerde bugün nasıl bir tasavvur yarattığına dair tartışmalarımızın onu daha yakından tanımaya yönelik hevesimi ve vizyoner feminizmin hayatımızı dönüştürebileceğine dair heyecanımı ne denli arttırdığını hatırlıyorum. Şunu da belirtmeliyim ki; hayatımda çok az an, beni bell hooks’un vefatını, kendisiyle tanışmama vesile olan çok değerli hocam Emek Çaylı Rahte’ye bildirdiğim gün kadar yaralamıştır. 15 Aralık 2021 tarihinde kaybettiğimiz feminist yazar, düşünür ve aktivist bell hooks’u anmak ve literatürde çığır açan katkıları üzerine birkaç şey söylemek adına bana söz hakkı verdiği için Emek Hocam’a ve Moment Dergi ekibine teşekkürü borç bilirim.
VULNUS: KIRILGANLIK ÜZERİNE
Authors: ACAR GÖKTEPE Gülay
Published: June 2022

Gamze Hakverdi'nin 2021 yılında yayınlanmış, "Vulnus: Kırılganlık Üzerine" kitabının incelemesi.
IF WALTER BENJAMIN EXPERIENCED NFT: REVIEWING CRYPTO ART THROUGH HIS EYES
Authors: BOZKANAT Esra
Published: June 2022

This study aims to examine crypto art in the context of aura (halo), uniqueness, testimony, and, authenticity by evaluating digital NFT technology from the perspective of Benjamin, who has only experienced image technologies such as photography and cinema. The research argues that the aura did not vanish with crypto-art in fact, an aura similar to the one described by Benjamin (1935) has never emerged. In this context, the study argues that the uniqueness that Benjamin said was separated from the work of art by technological reproduction is returned to the work of art with more advanced technology named blockchain. The study seeks an answer to the question: "Is aura possible for an NFT?". The study argues that the cult value in traditional art has replaced by the value of ownership with NFTs, the notion of uniqueness has turned into digital scarcity, the state of being tied to the ceremony has been replaced by freedom, and the new form of the aura is that art is freedom from the maternal archetype.
THE NEW TECHNOLOGY OF THE ART: IS NFT ORIGINAL AND FREE?
Authors: CENGİZ Can , CENGİZ Özge
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışma hem günümüzde bir çeşit kolay para kazanma hem de blockchain teknolojisi ile “geleceğin sanatı” olarak mitselleştirilmiş NFT (takas edilemez belirteç) olgusunu tarihsel ve toplumsal bağlamlarına oturtma girişimidir. Akıllı sözleşmelere dayanan yapısı nedeniyle NFT’ler bugün dijital ortamda kopyalanabilirliğin önüne geçen bir sistem olarak anlaşılmaktadır. Dolayısıyla literatürde NFT’lerin dijital ortamda sanat için özgün ve özgür bir ortam sağlayıp sağlamayacağı tartışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Theodor W. Adorno ve Walter Benjamin’in sanatın mekanikleşmesi üzerine yaptıkları tartışmanın izleri NFT’ler özelinde aranmıştır. Henüz yeni bir alan olan kripto sanat ile ilgili literatür taraması gerçekleştirilmiş ve NFT’ye atfedilen özellikler tematik analiz ile irdelenmiştir. Telif/patent, fikri mülkiyet, piyasaların sanatçılar üzerindeki hegemonyası çerçevesinde NFT’lerin özgünlüğü; merkezileşme, şeffaflık, maliyetlerin düşüşü bağlamında ise NFT’lerin özgürlüğü tartışılmıştır. NFT’lerin alanda sağlayacağı yeniliklerin yanı sıra birçok yeni tartışmaya da kapı aralayacağı anlaşılmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: NFT, Blockchain, Theodor W. Adorno, Walter Benjamin, kripto sanat
Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma with a rare ALK gene mutation
Authors: Kit O. I. , Kamaeva I. A. , Lysenko I. B. , Novikova I. A. , Timoshkina N. N. , Nikolaeva N. V. , Gaisultanova Ya. S. , Khamaneva N. Yu. , Pushkin A. A.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma is an aggressive variant of lymphoma characterized by genetic heterogeneity. First-time therapy for primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma usually includes immunochemotherapy. However, a substantial proportion of patients do not respond to this therapy.

Objective – to analyze clinical characteristics of primary refractory primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma taking into account the results of targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Materials and methods. A 22‑year-old patient with primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma who had not responded to immunochemotherapy was tested using targeted NGS for 77 genes.

Results. We identified 2 rare mutations in the ALK gene with an unclear clinical value. According to the literature, these mutations are primarily found in solid tumors.

Conclusion. Missense mutations identified in the ALK gene are presumably associated with the course of primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma, in particular, with primary refractory disease.
Antitumor effect of recombinant interferon-gamma in an experimental model of Ehrlich’s bilateral solid carcinoma
Authors: Isaeva V. G. , Grivtsova L. Y. , Zhovtun L. P. , Samborsky S. M. , Falaleeva N. A.
Published: June 2022

Introduction.Immunotherapy, which is part of the complex and combined cancer therapy, is one of the priority areas in the treatment of cancer patients. However, the effectiveness of the use of immunotherapeutic drugs of the latest generation is not so high, and in some patients the effect of therapy was short-lived. Factors that prevent the full realization of the antitumor effect of cytostatics and immunopreparations may be the features of the antigenic composition of the tumor, as well as its cellular and stromal microenvironment. These facts contributed to the development of a new strategy, designated as immunoredaction of cancer by exposure to various biologically active agents that can change the body – tumor ratio in favor of the patient and make the tumor available for the implementation of antitumor effects of the host immune system.

The study objective– experimental substantiation of the development of new immunotherapeutic approaches in the treatment of aggressive forms of cancer.

Materials and methods.An experimental study of the effect of human recombinant interferon-gamma (IFNγ) on the growth of Ehrlich’s carcinoma during subcutaneous bilateral transplantation of tumor cells to animals was carried out. Transplantation of Ehrlich’s carcinoma to male F1 hybrids (SWAhC57Bl6) was performed by subcutaneous injection of 2.0 × 106 tumor cells (7‑day culture) in 0.1 ml of suspension into the lateral surface of the right and left femur with imitation of multicentric growth.

Results.A day after the course of drug administration (day 6 of tumor node growth), the effect of suppressing tumor growth in relation to growth in the control group was noted. The maximum inhibition effect of 19.8 % (p<0.05) of tumor growth was obtained 5 days after the course of the drug (10 days of tumor growth, right node) and 18.5 % (p<0.001) 9 days after administration (14 days of tumor growth, left node).

Conclusion.Thus, a distinct, statistically significant antitumor effect of IFNγ was established in relation to a tumor with a multicentric growth pattern.
Seasonal examination of certain physical, chemical, and microbial parameters of Ardahan city tap waters
Authors: DURSUN Nesrin
Published: June 2022

Dünya nüfusunda hızlı artış ve kentsel alanlara göç, tüketicilere sürdürülebilir temiz içme ve kullanma suyu temini için merkezi su sistemlerine duyulan ihtiyacın nedeni olmuştur. Şebeke sularının kabul edilebilir (Sağlık Bakanlığı ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü) içme suyu seviyelerinin dışında olması, genellikle dağıtım sistemlerinin eski ve bakımsız olmasıyla ilişkili olup, tüketicilerde önemli sağlık risklerine neden olabilir. Bu çalışmada, şebeke sularının bazı fiziksel, kimyasal ve mikrobiyal parametreleri incelenmiştir. Ardahan ilinde 14 lokasyonda mevsimsel olarak alınan örnekler, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı (SB) ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) kriterlerine göre değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, saptanmış değerlerin halk sağlığı açısından potansiyel risk oluşturup oluşturmadığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Örneklerde fiziksel (sıcaklık, pH, elektriksel iletkenlik, bulanıklık), kimyasal (F-, Cl-, NO3-, NO2-, SO4-2, Na+, K+, Mg+2, Ca+2) ve mikrobiyal (koliform bakteri) parametreler incelenmiştir. Şebeke suyu örneklerinin fiziksel ve kimyasal analiz sonuçlarının, SB ve DSÖ kriterlerine uygun olduğu saptanmıştır. Mikrobiyal (koliform bakteri) analiz sonucunda, kış mevsiminde örnekleme noktalarının tamamında, ilkbahar mevsiminde de neredeyse tüm örnekleme noktalarında koliform bakteri saptanmamış ve bu sonuçların SB kriterlerine uygun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, yaz ve sonbahar mevsimlerinde bazı örnekleme noktalarında koliform bakteri tespit edilmiştir.
Evaluation of variation local peaches (Prunus persica L.) genotypes grown in Aras Valley
Authors: ALTAY Kezban , PEHLUVAN Mücahit , ASLANTAŞ Rafet
Published: June 2022

This study was carried out with the aim of determining the differences, similarities and variations in terms of some physical and chemical properties including 13 quantitative characters between 38 peach genotypes pre-selected from two native peach populations called as “Zeferan” and “Ağşeftali” and two standard cultivars in Aras Valley. Principal component (PCA) and cluster analysis were performed for this purpose. PCA showed the first four principal component made up 79.89% of total multivariate variation between genotypes. Cluster analysis illustrated genotypes divided into 5 groups. It is considered that this work evaluating the peach population in point of some fruit traits in the region, has produced important information for fruit breeders.
The effects of different heat treatments on the fatigue strength of tool steels
Authors: YEŞİLDAL Ruhi
Published: June 2022

Various heat treatments are applied to improve the mechanical properties of steels depending on the intended use. In this study, the variation of fatigue strength of H13 hot work tool steel with heat treatment in a GS 550 bath was investigated. It was investigated by applying four different heat treatments as first preheating, second preheating, hardening and second hardening. Each batch of samples was subjected to rotating bending fatigue test at room temperature after heat treatment. The fatigue strength of the untreated samples was determined as 470 MPa. The fatigue strength of the second hardened untempered samples (Group 1) increased to 610 MPa. The fatigue strength of the samples (Group 2), which were annealed for two hours at 550ºC as a second heat treatment after hardening, was measured as 630 MPa. The fatigue strength of the samples (Group 3) was found to be 720 MPa by applying the third heat treatment, which was annealing at 550ºC for two hours and at 610ºC for two hours. The fatigue strength of the samples (Group 4), which were subjected to the fourth heat treatment and tempered for two hours at 550ºC and then at 635ºC for two hours after hardening, was determined as 710 MPa. It has been observed that all applied heat treatments positively affect the fatigue strength of H13 hot work tool steel. While all heat treatments resulted in increased fatigue strength, the highest fatigue strength was obtained with double annealing heat treatment (550 °C and 610 °C two hours) after initial preheating and quenching.
Summit typology and detailed geomorphological landscape units mapping through the application of direct and indirect methods. A case study in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park, Spain
Authors: García Esteban Roberto
Published: June 2022

This paper analyzes the topography and the geomorphological characteristics of the central sector of the Sierra de Guadarrama (Spanish Central Range) from the point of view of the geomorphological landscape. Using Digital Elevation Models (DEM) and topographic maps, the aim is to supplement conventional geomorphological analysis by applying indirect morphometric methods for the detailed study of landforms through topographic analysis in order to obtain maps of diverse morphometric parameters, resulting in an exhaustive study, which is useful and revealing both in terms of geomorphology and of landscape. The morphometric maps obtained for each variable, such as the density of the dissection, the depth of the dissection and the energy of the relief, are overlaid on the derived maps from the DEM using Geographical Information System (GIS). Their analysis, using both indirect and direct methods during several field studies, in combination with the geology and the geomorphology of the study area, allows a more accurate study of the unit delimitation of the geomorphological landscape at a detailed scale. In a mountainous environment with smooth and apparently homogeneous summits, this detailed study of the geomorphological landscape shows the existence of different types of summits. The results are presented as a typology of summits and a map synthesizing the detailed units of geomorphological landscape that can be found in the Sierra de Guadarrama National Park (Central Spain).
Smart Relay Selection Scheme Based on Fuzzy Logic with Optimal Power Allocation and Adaptive Data Rate Assignment
Authors: Taj Nayab , Zafar Mohammad Haseeb , Waqas Shakeel Ahmad , Rehman Humaira , Alassafi Madini O , Khan Imran
Published: June 2022

In this paper fuzzy logic-based algorithm with improved process of relay selection is presented which not only allocate optimal power for transmission but also help in choosing adaptive data rate. This algorithm utilizes channel gain, cooperative gain and signal to noise ratio with two cases considered in this paper: In case-I nodes do not have their geographical location information while in case-II nodes are having their geographical location information. From Monte Carlo simulations, it can be observed that both cases improve the selection process along with data rate assignment and power allocation, but case-II is the most reliable with almost zero probability of error at the cost of computational complexity which is 10 times more than case-I.
6LoWPAN Stack Model Configuration for IoT Streaming Data Transmission over CoAP
Authors: Aloufi Khalid Saleh
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Different protocols have been developed for the Internet of things (IoT), such as the constrained application protocol (CoAP) for the application layer of the IPv6 over low-power wireless personal area networks (6LoWPAN) stack model. Data transmitted over 6LoWPAN are limited by the throughput and the frame size defined by IEEE 805.14.5 standards. Choosing the best configuration for data transmission involves a trade off between the application requirements, the constrained network configuration, the constrained device specifications and IoT application protocols. This paper provides an analysis of message size and structure recommendations for the 6LoWPAN stack model for different network topologies using CoAP. CoAP is a promising application protocol for the 6LoWPAN stack model because it can effectively manage the transmission required functionality in small header UDP packets compared to TCP packets. However, a data model is also required to realize an effective IoT model. While fragmentation and reassembly are supported by CoAP, they should be avoided for this type of model. As for any conceptual model, a high configuration between layers is mandatory. Additionally, the proposed message format is useful for semantic web of things application development and for WSN design and management.
The results of next-generation sequencing in men with borderline QT interval prolongation (pilot study)
Authors: Orlov P. S. , Ivanoshchuk D. E. , Nesterets A. M. , Kuznetsov A. A. , Ivanova A. A. , Maliutina S. K. , Denisova D. V. , Striukova E. V. , Maksimov V. N. , Maksimova S. V.
Published: June 2022

Highlights. Probably causal mutations of QT interval prolongation in genes associated with LQTS were found in men of the Siberian population.

Aim. To detect and study mutations in individuals with borderline prolongation of the QT interval in Siberian males.

Methods. The study was conducted on the material of the international project HAPIEE in the period from 2003 to 2005 and screening of young people aged 25–44, performed in Novosibirsk. The total sample of men was 1353 people aged 25 to 69 years. From each age subgroup (25–29, 30–34, ..., 65–69 years old) 2–3 samples with the highest QT values were selected . The study group consisted of 30 men who subsequently underwent sequencing of a panel of genes. The search for mutations was carried out in genes associated with long QT syndrome (LQTS): KCNQ1, KCNH2, SCN5A, KCNE1, KCNE2, KCNJ2, CACNA1, SCN4B, KCNJ5, ANK2, CAV3, SNTA1, AKAP9, CALM1 and CALM2. All identified single nucleotide variants were verified by direct Sanger sequencing.

Results. Three rare variants in the LQTS genes have been identified: p.P197L of the KCNQ1 gene, p.R176W, and p.D1003GfsX116 of the KCNH2 gene.

Conclusion. In Caucasian men from the Novosibirsk population with borderline prolongation of the QT interval, probably causal substitutions in the LQTS genes – KCNH2 and KCNQ1, contributing to the prolongation of the QT interval, were found. To clarify the spectrum and frequency of occurrence of various mutations in genes, life-threatening arrhythmias in the population, additional studies are needed on extended samples.
Prevalence of Respiratory Symptoms and Associated Risk Factors among Street Food Vendors in Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Yi Agnes Pang Jia , Sumedha  , Ramalingam Vinodhkumar
Published: June 2022

The street vendors in Malaysia are at an increased risk of developing respiratory symptoms owing to the continuous exposure to road dust, vehicle emissions, extreme weather conditions, and air pollutants from industrial sites. Hence, the current study aimed to establish the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and the risk factors associated with it among street food vendors in Klang Valley, Malaysia through a cross-sectional study among 237 street food vendors. The socio-demographic data, work characteristics, and information on respiratory symptoms were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The data analysis was done by using the Chi-square test of association and frequency distribution. The study results revealed that the most frequently reported respiratory symptoms among the street food vendors were sore throat (30.8%), followed by cough (29.1%). No significant association was found between age, gender, duration of job and cough, sputum production, breathing difficulty, chest pain, irritated nose, and sore throat. A statistically significant association was found between working hours and sputum production (p=0.014). Further, the working hours were significantly associated with breathing difficulty (p=0.011). A significant association was also found between the type of cooking fuel used and the presence of cough (p=0.001). Results of this study demonstrated a positive association between work-related risk factors such as working hours with breathlessness and sputum production, and also between cough and the type of cooking fuel used. Based on the aforementioned findings, various control measures such as regular monitoring of lung functions and health education programs can be undertaken. Moreover, vendors need to consider using clean fuels instead of charcoal.
Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Bubble Belly Massage Oil and their Crude Ingredients
Authors: Ganesan Jeyasharlina , Weng Sit Nam , Arullappan Sangeetha
Published: June 2022

Bubble Belly massage oil is popular among Malaysians since its commercialization in 2018. The massage oil contains lemon oil, vitamin E oil, aloe vera oil, eucalyptus oil, ginger oil, black pepper, fenugreek, Caesalpinia sappan, Usnea barbata, and Helicteres isora. The massage oil is believed to reduce weight, cellulite, menstrual pain, body ache, and scar appearances. The study evaluated oil and its crude ingredients for antioxidant activity using DPPH and ABTS assays, antibacterial activity was evaluated by using disc diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. The crude ingredients soaked in the massage oil were dried and underwent aqueous extraction. Phenols, tannins, and quinones were detected qualitatively in the samples. Highest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging of 73.1% at 0.78% (v/v), and 98.2% at 12.5% (v/v), respectively were shown by the oil. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Enterococcus faecalis were susceptible to the oil at 100% (v/v) with a zone of inhibition of 15.0 mm, 14.0 mm, 12.0 mm, 9.0 mm, and 14.0 mm, respectively. All the tested bacteria were resistant to the crude ingredients. The MIC values against B. cereus, MRSA, K. pneumonia, and E. coli treated with oil were in the range of 0.39 to 0.78% (v/v). Both the crude ingredients and oil showed MBC values of 12.5 mg/mL and 0.39% against B. cereus and MRSA, respectively. In a nutshell, the massage oil showed significant inhibitory and radical scavenging activities and thus is potential as an antibacterial and antioxidant agent.
Incidence of Multidrug Resistance Escherichia Coli Bacteria in Broiler Chickens in Malang Regency
Authors: Dameanti Fidi Nur Aini Eka Puji , Salsabila Jeffrys , Siswanto HarioPuntodewo , Amri Indah Amalia , Adrenalin Sruti Listra , Fatmawati Mira , Aryanti Taty
Published: June 2022

Chicken meat is an important source of protein but the presence of bacterial infections such as colibacillosis is a major concern for the chicken producers. Further, colibacillosis is a major cause of mortality, morbidity, and economic loss for the poultry industry. Various efforts including the use of antibiotics have been carried out to treat colibacillosis. Recently, inappropriate use of antibiotics not only induced antibiotic resistance, but sometimes it might change into multidrug resistance due to a large number of antibiotic uses. This study aimed to identify the incidence of multidrug resistance in broiler chickens on 4 farms of Malang Regency. For this, samples of 40 chicken jejunum swabs that had a history of colibacillosis with clinical symptoms of lethargy, drooping, dwarfism, hair loss, depression, thinness, diarrhea, abdominal swelling, and osteoarthritis were used in this study. Testing begins with a microscopic examination, followed by the isolation of E. coli on Nutrient broth (NB) and Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA) media, and finally, antibiotic sensitivity was tested against eight antibiotics namely Gentamicin, Bacitracin, Enrofloxacin, Doxycycline, Oxytetracycline, Erythromycin, Colistin, and Amoxicillin on Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) media. The microscopic observations showed that the chickens had a hemorrhage in the proventriculus and intestines, pericarditis, and fibrinous exudate in the air sacs and heart. Among the tested samples, 72.5% (29 samples) were found positive for E. coli. Further, in case of antibiotic resistance, 100% of E. coli positive samples were found resistant to Erythromycin, Bacitracin, and Amoxicillin, 96.6% to Enrofloxacin, 92.6% to Oxytetracycline, 37.9% to Colistin and Doxycycline, 10.3% to Gentamicin. Results of the study can be concluded that most of the E.coli positive samples have antibiotic resistance and the maximum samples are showing multidrug resistance against four or more antibiotics.
Effect of the combined application of Lampung Robusta Coffee Extract and Lactobacillus acidophilus on the Ileum and Caecum Histopathology in Salmonella enterica infected Balb/C Mice
Authors: Amri Indah Amalia , Meilani Dhyas , D. R. P. Muhammad Zuliono , Qosimah Dahliatul , Prasetyo Dodik , Rosyidi Djalal , Radiati Lilik Eka
Published: June 2022

Salmonella enterica is a gram-negative bacterium that can cause Salmonellosis and gastroenteritis in humans and animals. Further, this bacterial infection is also associated with the reactive oxygen species (ROS) by lipid peroxidase that can destroy the intestinal cell's membrane. This study aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of the combined application of Lampung Robusta coffee extract and Lactobacillus acidophilus on the Ileum and Caecum Histopathology in Salmonella enterica infected Mice. In this study, male Balb-c mice aged between 8-10 weeks and weight 20-25 grams were used, these experimental animals were divided into six experimental groups namely K- (Negative control without any infection), K+ (Positive control with S. enterica), KL (Only L. acidophilus treated mice), P1, P2, and P3 were given a preventive extract of coffee with a concentration of 250 mg/kg BW, 500 mg/kg BW, and 750 mg/kg BW respectively and L. acidophilus to S.enterica infected mice and arrange in completely Randomized Design. Descriptive histopathological analyses were carried out after HE staining and villi's length and width for ileum's histopathology and counting goblet cells for caecum's histopathology was scored. The results of the study revealed that administration of Robusta Coffee extract @ 250 mg/ kg BW and L. acidophilus has a preventive effect on the ileum and caecum damage caused by salmonellosis.
Influence of Calcium and Nonphytate Phosphorus (NPP) on Meat-Type Quail’s Growth, Carcass Features, and Tibia Indices
Authors: Al-Ghamdi Etab Saleh
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the role of increasing dietary calcium (Ca) and non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) supplementation on the growth, carcass, edible portions, and tibia indicators of growing quail. The current study was conducted in a 3×3 factorial design, for this, 360 1-wk-old quails were haphazardly assigned to nine groups, each group is with three gradual levels of Ca (0.60, 0.90, and 1.20 %) and NPP (0.20, 0.40  and 0.60 %). Each group was divided into five replicates with eight-quail each. Results of the study suggested that except at 2 and 6 weeks of age, dietary Ca level did not exhibit any significant (P > 0.05) impact on body weight. Similarly, in the case of NPP, apart from the live weight at 2 and 3 weeks of age, NPP did not have a significant impact on live body weight. Further, in comparison to the low Ca level, the moderate or high Ca levels have higher values of body weight gain. During all the experiments, dietary Ca, NPP, or their mixtures had no significant (P > 0.05) impact on feed consumption. Similarly, feed conversion rate and carcass metrics were also not affected by the individual or combined application of Ca or NPP supplementation    Similarly, dietary intakes of Ca or P did not have any significant effect on the various tibia indicators (P > 0.05). Results of the study can be concluded that the effect of the Ca and NPP levels in Japanese quail diets is lowered and it does not much affect the growth rate, feed utilization, carcass yields, edible components, or tibia indices.
Association of antithrombin (antithrombin III) gene mutation with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss
Authors: Banu Ferdous A. , Sultana Masuda , Bulbul Surayea , Chowdhury Sanjukta , Begum Khadiza , Islam Shahidul , Akhtar Nahreen
Published: June 2022

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is an emotionally painful occurrence for couples and presents Obstetricians with a difficult clinical problem. Because a primary etiology cannot be determined in roughly half of the instances, it is irritating for both patients and obstetricians. The present study aimed to determine the association of the antithrombin III gene (SERPINC1) mutation with unexplained RPL.Methods: This case-control observational study was conducted at the out-patient department of feto-maternal medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, with a total sample size of was 68, with 34 in the control group and 34 in the case/RPL group.Results: The mean±standard deviation (SD) age of the RPL group was 28.44±5.25, and in the control group it was 29.15±4.72. The mean±SD body mass index (BMI) was 24.95±3.48 and 23.69±4.07 in RPL and control groups respectively. Among the RPL group patients, 68% (23) had the primary RPL, and 32% (11) had a second pregnancy loss.Conclusions: 5.88% of the cases have a heterozygous mutation which might be the cause of their RPL. There was no homozygous mutation was found for G878A in the case group. The allele for G878A was also higher in the case group. But these differences were statistically non-significant. So, to clarify this association with unexplained RPL, further research is necessary including multi-centre and large sample sizes.
Socio-demographic determinants of pregnancy induced hypertension
Authors: Naseer Syed , Wani Manzoor Ahmed , Altaf Tayiba , Uzma Syed , Mubashir Syed
Published: June 2022

Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension is a major health problem affecting the maternal and neonatal health, this serious obstetric problem occurs in women with pre-existing primary or secondary hypertension or women who are not having hypertension before pregnancy.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among the women suffering from pregnancy induced hypertension, admitted in the gynaecology wards of Lal-Ded hospital, Srinagar from May 2021 to July 2021. A total of 100 sample patients were taken and data was collected using structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed by using SPSS 16.0.Results: Women suffering from PIH were having the mean age of 28 years with the mean gestation period being 36 weeks+6 days. Their mean systolic blood pressure was 150 mmHg and mean diastolic blood pressure was 98 mmHg. Out of 100 women, 75% were multigravida and 25% were primigravida and 40% were having a history of hypertension before pregnancy. Only 48% had a history of PIH in previous pregnancies while 52% had no such history. In 14% of PIH patients, there was an associated systemic disease. Out of 100, 48% belonged to rural areas, 15% were living in urban areas while 37% resided in semi-urban district. 46% of the patients were illiterate while 54% were educated, be it primary, secondary or higher level. Only 8% were employed while the rest were house wives. 11% had not been to a gynaecologist during their pregnancy while 13% had one visit done, 30% two and 46% had three or more antenatal visits. 67% had a history of hypertension among blood relatives.Conclusions: Pregnancy induced hypertension and socio-demographic determinants like the age of mother, blood pressure, history of hypertensive disorders in blood relatives,do show correlation Among these, history of PIH and chronic hypertensive disorders in blood relatives and high BP seemed to be the strongest risk factors among these 100 women.
Study of feto-maternal outcome in referred obstetric cases in tertiary care center in Rajasthan: a cross sectional study
Authors: Prakash Ghyan , Meena Pooja , Meena Suman , Bariya Seema
Published: June 2022

Background: Pregnant women are at high risk for life threatening complications throughout the pregnancy and during delivery as well. Most of these complications are unpredictable with routine clinical examination. Skilled medical interventions such as blood transfusion, caesarean delivery, expert surgical team, medicines etc. are required to prevent these complications. Emergency obstetric referral should be carried out to avoid maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Aims and objectives of current study were to investigate the pattern of referral in tertiary care center and fetomaternal outcome in referred cases.Methods: This is a observational study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, at a tertiary care hospital. Patients are referred from nearby PHCs, CHCs, SDHs and private hospitals. All referred antenatal and intra-natal patients to our center of >24 weeks of gestational age were studied.Results: Majority of them 43% women were of 21-25 year of age, 35% women were of 26-30 year of age group. Out of 76 delivered women, 55% underwent caesarean section and 36.84% were delivered normally. PPH seen in 6.66% patients, maternal deaths reported 2.5%, septicaemia 1.6%, wound gaping in 3.33%, puerperal pyrexia in 5% of patients. 77% neonates were shifted to mother-side, whereas 18% were admitted to NICU.Conclusions: Referral system is an important part of health care system. By providing good antenatal care, availability of blood products, well organized referral center, timely identification and referral of high-risk patients, skilled birth attendants at time of child birth all will help in reducing feto-maternal morbidity and mortality and will help in achieving goal of ideal MMR and NMR.w
Effect of eclampsia on pregnancy outcome at the tertiary care center
Authors: Yadava Pushpa A. , Jani Shashwat K. , Shyara Ashish J. , Mehta Shital T. , Solanki Tejas V. , Desai Forum A. , Mehta Kush M.
Published: June 2022

Background: Eclampsia is a common medical and life-threatening emergency condition mainly seen in 5-10% of all pregnancies and that is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality The aim of the study to find out the fetomaternal outcomes of eclampsia in tertiary care hospital and to analyse the trend of eclampsia and associated epidemiological variables.Methods: This retrospective analytical study was undertaken with 40 clinically diagnosed women with eclampsia in their third trimester of pregnancy in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, at tertiary care hospital from July 2020 to December 2021. Women who came to the hospital with eclampsia or developed eclampsia during hospital stay were included in our study.Results: In our study, the antepartum eclampsia was in 32 cases (80%), primigravida 27 cases (67.5%), maternal age (21-30 years) 26 cases (65%). Cesarean section was the mode of delivery in 26 cases (65%). NICU admission is required by 20 neonates (50%).Conclusions: Eclampsia is an important cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Providing quality antenatal health care services, increasing awareness of patients about warning symptoms, proper investigations, timely delivery, and proper monitoring in the intrapartum and postpartum period have the potential to improve maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Successful management of atonic uterus in a caesarean section with modified B–Lynch sutures: a case report
Authors: Wadhwa Eshita
Published: June 2022

Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) still remains one of the primary causes of maternal mortality throughout the planet. Prompt management of PPH with medical and surgical intervention should be encouraged as it can be lifesaving. Primary methods of management include a simple bi-manual compression, oxytocic drugs such as oxytocin, ergometrine, and prostaglandins these are safe and effective, but can occasionally prove inadequate or unsatisfactory following which a trial of tamponade should be given if still unsuccessful uterine compression sutures running through the full thickness of both anterior and posterior walls of the uterus are taken which cause mechanical compression and hence control the excessive blood loss. In this study, we report a case of atonic uterus in a case of abruption managed with B-lynch sutures.
Unmasking communication challenges with personal protective equipment amid the COVID-19 apocalypse
Authors: Yadav Anita , Baghel Jyoti , Prakash Avinash , Rawat Rajneesh
Published: June 2022

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically changed our lives and health care system too. According to World Health Organisation (WHO), there have been 164,523,894 confirmed cases of COVID-19 including 3,412,032 deaths in the world (20 May 2021). This unprecedented public health emergency has affected both patients and clinicians experience regarding traditional face-to-face consultations. Amongst the most pressing of these challenges is the requirement to wear mandated personal protective equipment (PPE) which includes gloves, gowns, shoe covers, head covers, masks, respirators, eye protection, face shields, and goggles. These protective gear helps in preventing the transmission of the COVID-19 virus to both health professionals and the patients.
Women's health: seminars on antenatal and primary healthcare
Authors: Odoko Joseph Onyedenyifa , Abdul-Baqi Magaji , Mijinyawa Ibrahim , Garba Ahmed , Moyegbone John Esimaje , Agege Emmanuel Agbonomhen , Akuirene Omatseye Alero , Ahmed Abdullahi , Bello Umar , Kio Franklin Ehigiator , Esegbue Peter , Ofili Charles C. , Nwose Ezekiel Uba
Published: June 2022

Primary health care (PHC) is the first level of contact for individuals, the family and the community with the national health system and “address the main health problem in the community, providing health promotion, preventive, curative and rehabilitative services accordingly.” This study aimed to determine the factors affecting utilization of healthcare services in the rural area of Bauchi State, fifteen years retrospective study on pregnancy-induced diabetes progresses to types-2-diabetes mellitus (DM) in Gombe South senatorial district of Gombe State and the impact of Nigeria State health investment project (Nship) on quality maternal and child health services among women of child bearing age (15-49 years) and children under 5 years in Bauchi State, Nigeria. The study was a sequential mixed methods approach including: (a) descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based research design (b) retrospective review ‘questionnaire survey’ on pre-post field interventions survey and (c) In-depth interview of the respondents. Factors that affect utilization of PHC includes; inexpensive cost and easy access to health facility 26.7%), treatment satisfaction 18.8% and nearness to place of residence 26.7%. The 1.1% of the women had gestational DM (GDM). Nship sharply increased the level of delivery of pregnant women. Improved living conditions increased utilization of health facilities. DM progressing to types 2 DM was not a public health problem in Gombe South senatorial district. Nship positively impacted the quality of maternal and child’s health in Bauchi State from 2016 to 2020.
Prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in patients of cholelithiasis undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Naik Santosh , Abuji Kishore , Dahiya Divya , Sharma Prashanth , Das Reena , Behera Arunanshu , Kaman Lileswar
Published: June 2022

Background: Gallstone disease (GSD) is a very common condition worldwide and the key event in the cholesterol stone formation is the supersaturation of bile with cholesterol. The role of trace elements like iron, calcium has been suggested in the pathogenesis of gallstones. Both iron deficiency and GSD are more prevalent in India. With this background, we studied the frequency of iron deficiency anaemia in GSD patients.Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled 150 adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic GSD in a north-Indian tertiary care hospital. Complete hemogram, serum ferritin, iron and unbound iron-binding capacity (TIBC) were performed in all patients. To simplify interpretation, anaemia was defined as Hb <12 gm/dl; iron deficiency was defined as either ferritin value lower than the reference range, or, if the ferritin was within the reference range, reduced % transferrin saturation with normal-or-high TIBC.Results: Anaemia was present in 66% and 77.3% were having iron deficiency; of which 84.5% were females. Iron deficiency with anaemia was present in 85.3%; therefore remaining patients had latent iron deficiency. Serum ferritin was normal or raised in 52 (68.1%) patients with iron deficiency, indicating that it is insensitive as a stand-alone test for iron deficiency.Conclusions: At a public health level, our results may suggest that addressing the problem of endemic iron deficiency may also reduce the possible development of GSD in the community. Thus, pre-operative assessment of iron status appears to be a cautious choice in all patients planned for cholecystectomy as indirectly it will address the problem of anaemia in the population.
Atypical presentation of adrenal pheochromocytoma with central tumour necrosis in a paediatric patient: a case report
Authors: Maliki Aminnur H. , Sidi Nurazim , Wan Ali Sharifah A. , Ali Adibah
Published: June 2022

Pheochromocytoma is a rare catecholamine producing neuroendocrine tumour in children. It is usually presented with a triad of palpitation, headache, and diaphoresis. It is one of the causes of secondary hypertension in children. We report a case of a girl who presented with atypical symptoms of pheochromocytoma. A 10-year-old girl who presented with chest discomfort, shortness of breath and labile blood pressure. A young hypertension workup revealed a non-functioning left adrenal mass, making the dilemma in the initial clinical diagnosis. Confirmative diagnosis of pheochromocytoma was obtained via histopathological examination of the specimen through laparoscopic left adrenalectomy, which offered both diagnostic and therapeutic values. She was successfully treated via minimally access surgery. Diagnosing a pheochromocytoma in paediatric age group can be challenging due to its scarcity and possible atypical initial presentation. It requires high index of suspicion for a timely diagnosis and prompt treatment.