bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consensus-Enabled Active Learning for Multi-Agent Systems in Ground Classification of Wetlands
Authors: Fernando Chandima , Basha Elizabeth , Bradley Justin , Detweiler Carrick
Published: December 2024

Distributed multi-agent unmanned aerial systems (UAS) have the potential to be heavily utilized in environmental monitoring, especially in wetland monitoring. Deep active learning algorithms provide key tools to analyze the sensed images captured during monitoring and interpret them precisely. However, these algorithms demand significant computational resources that limit their use with distributed UAS. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm for consensus-enabled active learning that drastically reduces the computational demand while increasing the overall model accuracy. Once each of the UAS obtains a labeled subset of images through active learning, we update the weights of the model for three epochs only on the new images to reduce the computational cost, allowing for an increased operational time. The group of UAS communicates the model weights instead of the raw data and then leverages consensus to agree on updated weights. The consensus step mitigates the impact on weights caused by the updates and generalizes the knowledge of each individual UAS to the whole system, which results in increased model accuracy. Our method achieved an average of 11.15% increase in accuracy over 25 acquisition iterations whilst utilizing only 16.8% of the processor time compared to the centralized method of active learning.
Novel Cartesian Grid-Stitching Algorithm Suitable for Dynamic-Boundary Euler Equation Computations
Authors: Wang Jiasen , Xu Chunguang , Chen Jie , Liu Jun
Published: December 2024

The aerodynamic characteristics of flowfields involving dynamic boundaries are complicated, imposing rigorous demands on grid generation and solution accuracy for numerical computations. Existing grid methodologies, such as overlapping grids and dynamic unstructured grids, struggle to ensure computational efficiency and solution accuracy simultaneously. Consequently, this paper presents a novel Cartesian grid-stitching algorithm designed to tackle the complexities associated with dynamic boundary problems. Firstly, a boundary normal projection approach is introduced for grid stitching, constructing a Cartesian-like grid capable of automated reconfiguration. The body-fitted portion dynamically selects nodes from the Cartesian grid for reconstruction, ensuring no grid distortion and eliminating the need for frequent deletion or addition of grid cells. Therefore, it demonstrates high adaptability to complex configurations and readily accommodates aerodynamic challenges involving moving boundaries with large-scale motion. Secondly, at the grid-stitching interfaces, the finite difference method for an unstructured grid is employed for spatial variable discretization, eliminating interpolation errors typically introduced. It enables interpolation-free information interaction between grids, achieving consistent discretization accuracy across the entire computational domain. Furthermore, three sets of numerical tests are conducted, with simulating results showing good agreement with those in the literature. This algorithm has proven effective in accurately capturing flow features involving shockwave interactions.
RESOURCES OF THE UNARMY MOVEMENT IN FORMING THE CIVIL POSITION OF ADOLESCENTS IN RELATION TO MILITARY SERVICE
Authors:   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia, Ivanishcheva N.A.
Published: December 2024

The formation of the civic position of adolescents in the aspect of a system-forming ideological factor is based on the categories of honor and decency, traditional family values, healthy lifestyle standards, diligence and discipline of future defenders of the Fatherland. Based on theoretical research, the concept of “military service” is considered as the first stage, which tests the level of a person”s preparation for adult life, which he achieves over the past 18 years. In this study, I adhere to the understanding of military service in terms of the readiness of adolescents in the future to serve in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and fulfill their civic duty to protect the Fatherland. The environmental resources of the All-Russian military-patriotic children's and youth public movement “YUNARMYA” are expressed in a wide range of interaction between the structures of the children's public association (movement) to create a single space of civil-patriotic educational practices. Institutional resources determine the sociocultural atmosphere, values, norms, traditions, and management style of a public association (movement), which introduce adolescents to the Russian heritage of military exploits. Personal resources characterize the typological and age-related characteristics of adolescents, their motivation, aspiration, value orientations, taking into account mastering the initial fundamentals of military affairs, enriching the experience of self-realization in military-oriented activities. Digital tools have become an integral component of training and education and provide ample opportunities for communication between participants in the educational process. The Youth Army movement broadcast a new approach to interacting with teenagers in the form of a mobile application. “YUNARMIA” has developed special content adapted for this application. Information solutions of the “Digital House of UNARMIA” contribute to the effective implementation of the activities of the public organization. According to teenagers, the most interesting elements of the Digital House include the Yunarmeets mobile application, which includes news, tasks, information about educational tourism and much more. When studying the experience of the Youth Army Training Centers in the constituent entities of the Volga Federal District, a close connection was discovered between the formation of the civic position of adolescents and the education of citizenship as a personal responsibility for the defense of the Motherland.
AXIOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE DESIGN AND SURVEY PRACTICE OF FUTURE ARCHITECTS
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, Kober O.I.
Published: December 2024

Modern higher education is aimed at preparing a competency-based specialist, competitive, value-oriented, capable of self-development, designing his professional future and life path. The study reveals the role of the axiological approach to the design and survey practice of architecture students, which contributes to the formation of their universal competencies with value content. Particular attention is paid to the project method used during practical research on the study of architectural monuments of Orenburg, aimed at developing independence, creativity, and creative activity in students. The characteristics of the main stages of project activity are given: preparatory, main (functional), final. The novelty of the work lies in the study of the relationship between the axiological approach and the design method in the context of competency-based training of future architects. A table is presented with universal competencies and their value content, stages of project activity, during which the formation of these competencies in an architecture student occurs. A conclusion is drawn about the importance of the axiological approach, which promotes a value-based attitude towards design activities, the formation of universal competencies, life priorities and the professional development of future architects.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EDUCATION: OPINIONS OF STUDENTS AND TEACHERS (BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY)
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University Volgograd, Russia, Petruneva R.M. , Efimov E.G. ,   Volgograd State Technical University Volgograd, Russia, Avdeyuk O.A. ,   Volgograd State Technical University Volgograd, Russia, Chudasova T.D. ,   Volgograd State Technical University Volgograd, Russia
Published: December 2024

Digital tools based on artificial intelligence are widely introduced into the educational process. At the same time, there is no clear opinion about the effectiveness of using this technology, its pedagogical feasibility yet, either in the pedagogical environment or among students. We conducted a study of the use of artificial intelligence systems in the educational process of higher education using the example of Volgograd State Technical University. The opinion of teachers and students about the use of this resource in the educational process was studied. The survey was conducted using a Google form. The study assessed the attitude of respondents, students and teachers separately, to the use of educational resources based on artificial intelligence in the educational process, the awareness of these cohorts of respondents about its capabilities as a didactic tool, and the prospects for the widespread introduction of this tool into educational activities. The results of this study showed, among other things, a certain confusion among teachers regarding the use of artificial intelligence in the educational process. Some teachers believe that they are able to understand without the Antiplagiat system whether students have used "virtual assistants", while others have not encountered this phenomenon at all. The attitude of teachers towards the use of this resource by students also varies. Students do not see any particular problems in using the "virtual assistant", especially in routine processes. However, it should be noted that both teachers and students see the need for legal and ethical regulation of the use of this tool in educational activities. The results of the study show that, despite the generally positive attitude of teachers and students towards digital educational technologies, higher education is not ready to use these technologies on a large scale, since there is no regulatory framework, methodological justification and methodological support.
A PRACTICE-ORIENTED APPROACH IN STUDENTS’ MASTERING THE VALUES OF THE SMALL HOMELAND
Authors:   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, 38 Lenin Ave., city of Magnitogorsk, Russia, Grigoriev A.D. , Zhdanova N.S. ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, 38 Lenin Ave., city of Magnitogorsk, Russia, Leushkanova O.Yu. ,   Magnitogorsk Pedagogical College, Chelyabinsk region, Magnitogorsk, Russia
Published: December 2024

The axiological aspect of education has always been of primary importance, but it is very difficult to implement it effectively. In pedagogy, many approaches to the development of a value attitude to the small Motherland have been developed, one of them is practice-oriented. Its advantage is that students are in an active state, they perform certain tasks with an orientation towards their future profession. Modernization of small local history museums in the Urals allowed students to work in conditions of real professional practice. The students’ activities were organized by teachers step by step, starting with collecting and studying information about local history museums, ending with the project submission and reflection on the work done. At the second and fifth stages, teachers conducted a survey to identify the students’ knowledge of the history and culture of the Urals and their value orientations. Students answered a number of questions related to the artistic crafts of the Urals, with forms of preserving cultural heritage. Particular attention was paid to the answers where students discussed what from the regional culture should be preserved. The students’ project activities began with a visit to the local history museum in the village of Paris, with an introduction to its exhibition environment and museum staff. A long period of coordination between the positions of the «customer and the contractor» led to a compromise solution for combining a real and virtual exhibition. At the last stage, the students answered almost the same questions as at the beginning of the work. The answers showed a significant increase in knowledge about the history of the Ural region, its culture and the importance of local history museums in preserving folk values.
MEANS AND METHODS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS IN ATHLETICS TRAINING CLASSES AT THE UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, Ledovskaya O.A.
Published: December 2024

The development of cognitive activity is undoubtedly relevant for the theory and methodology of the educational and training process of students involved in the athletics section. Mastering special knowledge and skills allows students to increase their ability to self-regulation, self-organization and achieve higher athletic results in sports. The content of athletes’ cognitive activity is considered from the perspective of systemic and personal approaches to learning. The purpose of the theoretical study is to determine the main means and methods of developing cognitive activity among students of the athletics section at the university. The analysis of scientific and methodological literature and pedagogical observation made it possible to identify the main means and methods of developing students’ cognitive activity: participation in an anti-doping seminar, a training seminar for athletics referees, the use of methodological techniques of project activities in training sessions, participation in the organization and conduct of competitive athletics events, the study and analysis of modern means and methods of the training process of leading athletes of the All-Russian and international level, filling in and analyzing sports diaries, the study of the basics of rehabilitation measures, the use of information technology. Motivational, informational and cognitive components of physical culture and sports activity play a significant role in the development of cognitive activity. The development of cognitive activity of students involved in the athletics section is possible due to the acquisition of special knowledge and skills in the field of sports training, the use of elements of project activity in the educational and training process, the use of information technology in training sessions. The study of the peculiarities of the development of cognitive activity of students will optimize the educational and training process of students involved in the athletics section.
Effect of metabolites of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum (Schlecht.) Snyder & Hansen on plants of spring rapeseed and brown mustard plants of different resistance to Fusarium wilt
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Serdyuk O.A.
Published: December 2024

The aim of the research was to study the effect of metabolites of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum (Schlecht.) Snyder & Hansen on spring rapeseed and brown mustard plants of different groups of resistance to the Fusarium wilt. The effect of metabolites was studied using the culture fluid of the pathogen obtained by growing the mycelium of an isolate of F. oxysporum in flasks on Chapek's liquid nutrient medium for seven days. It was found that all seedlings placed in vessels with culture fluid of the pathogen showed symptoms of the disease (darkening of root tissues and wilting of seedlings) to varying degrees. Disease development in susceptible samples was two times higher than in resistant breeding sam-ples: in susceptible samples, it was high, reaching 62.3 and 60.5%, and in resistant samples, it was medium (30.0 and 38.5%, respectively). Metabolites of the fungus F. oxysporum, present in the culture fluid, showed highly toxic properties and had a negative effect on rapeseed and mustard seedlings, mostly from susceptible breeding samples. The different reaction in resistant breeding samples justifies the possibility of using pathogen metabolites to assess the resistance of spring rapeseed and brown mustard to Fusarium wilt under laboratory conditions.
Sunflower hybrid Protector with increased resistance to race G of broomrape and virulent races of downy mildew
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Demurin Ya.N. , Tolmachyova N.N. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Chebanova Yu.V. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Peretyagina Т.М. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Levutskaya A.N. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Rubanova O.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Frolov S.S. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: December 2024

Hybrid Protector has both high homozygous resistance to race G of broomrape and genetic resistance to the downy mildew pathogen (races 330, 334, 337, 710, 713, 730, 733, 734, 737) and is intended for cultivation in regions with the prevalence of virulent races of broomrape and downy mildew, as well as for organic farming technology. Protector is an early-maturing, high-yielding sunflower hybrid with a growing period of 104 days before harvesting, oil content of 48% and huskness of 25%. It is genetically close to the hybrid Fakel.
Productivity of spring brown mustard depending on application of sulphur-containing fertilizer
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Zanozina O.D. , Bushnev A.S. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Trubina V.S. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: December 2024

In 2020–2022 we studied the effect of ammonium sulphate on the productivity of the spring brown mustard variety Yunona on leached chernozem of the Western Ciscaucasia. It was found that the most effective agricultural practice is the foliar split application of this fertilizer: N21S24 at the seedling stage and N21S24 at the stage of stem extension. This agricultural practice contributed to a significant increase in the main indicators of the crop yield structure: the number of productive branches and pods per a plant by 28.6 and 13.8% respectively; the number of seeds in a pod – by 15.8% and the thousand-seed weight – by 24%. As a result, the crop yield increased by 0.31 t/ha in 2020, 0.44 t/ha in 2021 and 0.43 t/ha in 2022, with a three-year average of 0.39 t/ha. In addition, the oil yield increased by 0.20 t/ha, oil content of seeds by 1.9%, and essential oil content of seeds by 0.06%.
Methodology of observations and accounts in field experiments with alfalfa
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Lukomets V.M. , Tishkov N.M. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Trunova M.V. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: December 2024

There are stated methodic peculiarities of investigations in experiments with alfalfa. There are presented plant structure, growth, and development of the crop; necessary observations and accounts in the field ex-periments: phenology and biometrics; analytic observations in laboratory; yield account and the calculation of nutrient consumption. The article is based on the published book “Methodology of agricultural and technical investigations in field experiments with main field crops” by Lukomets V.M., Tishkov N.M., Semerenko S.A. (Krasnodar, 2022).
FRONTEIRAS E PERMEABILIDADES, ESTUDO SOBRE O PROJETO “HISTÓRIA LOCAL
Authors: Rodrigues João Paulo Pacheco
Published: December 2024

In this article we seek a reflection on the project " História Local: a Educação Patrimonial e o Exercício da Cidadania " carried out in partnership between the State University of Maringá Superintendence of Science, Technology and Higher Education of Paraná. the objective of "strengthening the exchange of knowledge between Public Basic Education and Higher Education" and promoting the "popularization of activities developed in the academic sphere" Pointing out the impasses faced when trying to equate History Teaching and Heritage and Environmental Education, in the cities of Bom Sucesso, Cambira and Marumbi, which indicated the feasibility of developing activities that streamline the learning of history and arouse curiosity about the local cultural heritage.
Efeitos da introdução de videoaulas assíncronas na motivação e na aprendizagem dos estudantes da disciplina de bases da técnica cirúrgica
Authors: Carneiro Rommel de Sousa , Vieira Fabio Pizzamiglio , Lemos Denise da Silveira , Vaz Aline Bruna Martins , Freitas Daniela Almeida , Cardoso Júnior Aloísio
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar o uso de videoaulas assíncronas na disciplina Bases da Técnica Cirúrgica (BTC) em comparação à metodologia tradicional, na motivação e aprendizagem dos estudantes. Métodos: Alunos de medicina foram divididos em 2 grupos: o Grupo de Intervenção recebeu acesso a videoaulas e material didático padrão da disciplina  e o Grupo Controle só recebeu o material didático padrão. A pesquisa foi dividida em 3 partes: Pré-Teste, que avaliou o conhecimento prévio dos alunos; Pós-Teste (1) realizado imediatamente após a aula tradicional da disciplina; e Pós-Teste (2) realizado após 14 dias do início da intervenção. Para avaliação da motivação dos estudantes, foi adotado o questionário Instructional Materials Motivation Survey, versão validada no Brasil (IMMS-BRV). Resultados: A motivação foi elevada em ambos os grupos. Especificamente, nas dimensões da motivação “Atenção” e “Expectativa” foi observado diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os alunos de até 21 anos. As notas permaneceram altas em todas as fases do estudo. Conclusão: As videoaulas assíncronas são recursos modernos e motivadores, especialmente para estudantes mais jovens, sendo que elas podem ser agregadas a disciplina de BTC como uma ferramenta facilmente acessadas pelos acadêmicos em momentos pertinentes da rotina de estudo, ampliando sua aplicabilidade e gerando retenção de conhecimento.
Bacterial etiology among diarrheal cases
Authors: Kashyap Angsuman , Malakar Mridul , Dutta Indubhusan
Published: December 2024

Objectives

The main objective of this article was to check the bacterial etiology to find out the routes of infection, which might help with control strategies. As Nalbari is one of the most common flood-affected districts in Assam, India, we chose Nalbari district as our study area. The socioeconomic factor enhances the transmission of bacteria easily, as every year during floods, pictures of water from neighboring hilly states or countries (e.g., Bhutan)—rain, waterlogging, and more—are seen.

Material and Methods

Stool samples or rectal swabs were collected from the patients who had reported to the District Public Health Laboratory(DPHL) with acute diarrheal disease in Nalbari. Patients or their attendant’s consent was collected prior to collecting samples. Samples were processed for culture, gram stain microscopy, and biochemical tests to isolate the organism.

Results

Test results showed Escherichia coli (E. coli) 40.95%, Salmonella 2.86%, Shigella 1.42%, and Campylobacter 0.48%. No other bacteria were isolated during the study period. Maximum cases were reported during the rainy season.

Conclusion

E. coli can transmit through fecal-oral means; Salmonella through contaminated food, water, contact with infected people/animals, and so on; Shigella through fecal-oral, contaminated food, water, oral-anal sexual routes, and more; and Campylobacter through contaminated or raw food, milk, water, and so on. This study concludes that water can easily transmit bacteria to other people. Health hygiene, economic condition, living behavior, awareness, and administration’s activities all might play an important role in minimizing this burden. Making plans prior to flood by administration and more research studies can help in controlling this disease burden.
To Assess the Impact of Smoking on Semen Quality: A Comprehensive Study of Semen Parameters in North Indian Men
Authors: Gupta Pooja , Prasad Saumya , Prasad Sudha
Published: December 2024

Objectives

Infertility affects a large proportion of couples worldwide, with male factors accounting for approximately half of the cases. Smoking and other lifestyle choices have been linked to decreased sperm quality, which includes factors such as sperm count, motility, and morphology. This study intends to assess the influence of smoking on sperm quality among north Indian males seeking reproductive treatment.

Material and Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted at Matritava Advanced IVF and Maternity Centre in Gurugram, Haryana, India, from September 2023 to June 2024. The study comprised 100 men aged 21–55 years old who were coming for infertility treatment and inclined to participate in the study and were divided into two groups: smokers (n = 50) and non-smokers (n = 50). Semen samples were analysed according to WHO guidelines (2021) to evaluate parameters such as semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, motility, and morphology. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25.0.

Results

The average age of smokers and non-smokers was 35.10 ± 4.41 years and 35.72 ± 3.80 years, respectively (p = 0.45). Smokers showed more abnormalities in semen parameters compared to non-smokers. Key findings include semen volume of (2.86 ± 1.04 ml) in smokers as compared to non-smokers (2.40 ± 0.67 ml) (p = 0.01). Smokers exhibited lower average sperm concentration (51.91 ± 37.81 million/ml) than non-smokers (67.14 ± 56.76 million/ml) (p = 0.07). Smoking significantly reduced sperm morphology (2.70 ± 0.81%) compared to non-smokers (3.50 ± 0.76%) (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between total and progressive motility between the two groups.

Conclusion

Smoking has a considerable negative impact on sperm quality, particularly morphology, in males seeking fertility treatment. These findings emphasise the necessity to incorporate smoking cessation 3 months before Starting the fertility treatment to improve reproductive outcomes. Healthcare organisations should emphasise the negative effects of smoking on male fertility and advocate lifestyle modifications as part of comprehensive fertility care.
Biodegradable polymeric micro/nanoparticles for oral single-dose vaccines prospects, and future
Authors: Kasem Basam Mahmoud
Published: December 2024

Within the great advances in the biomedical sciences and the emerging of a new infectious diseases, there has been a constant need for a parallel improvement in the vaccination strategies and approaches toward the ease of administration or what is called a single-dose vaccine platform, and the key factors in this regard are the antigen carriers, and the biodegradable polymeric micro/nanoparticles may be the most powerful candidates. This review will focus on the potentials and limitations of these biodegradable micro/nanoparticles as a tool for a single-dose oral vaccine, taking into consideration the physiological barriers in addition to the micro/particles characteristics in such a way to shed light on the future of these vaccine delivery systems.
The impact of focused education on diabetic foot care knowledge among adult type 2 diabetic patients: A hospital-based comparative study
Authors: Agunanne Christiana Chika , Anyigor-ogah Chijioke Stanley , Ozioko Ikenna Alphonsus , Oguejiofor Nnaemeka Christopher , Anyigor-ogah Okechukwu , Chukwuemeka Agunanne Benjamin , Nweke Chibueze Ogbodo , Idika Idika Mba
Published: December 2024

Objectives:

This study assessed the effect of focused education on diabetic foot care knowledge (DFCK) among adult type 2 diabetic patients.

Materials and Methods:

It is a randomized controlled study which involved 142 type 2 diabetic patients who met the inclusion criteria, whose DFCK were assessed using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Collected data were grouped and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 22. The effect of focused education and general education on the two arms of the study was examined using the mixed analysis of variance, whereas changes in the mean score of the outcome variables were compared using paired t-test.

Results:

Participants who received focused education improved significantly when compared to the control group on foot-care knowledge (t = 3.08, P = 0.003, effect size = 5.16). The pre-intervention mean standard deviation body mass index (kg/m2) showed a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control group (P = 0.005). Participants had statistically significant glucose control post-intervention (P < 0.001), with statistically significant excellent DFCK in the experimental group compared to the control (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Primary care physicians are encouraged to take the center-stage and adopt this cost-effective, easy, and efficient practice of ensuring that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are adequately educated on foot care as key component of diabetic care and health promotion aimed to prevent complications which most likely reduces their quality of life.
Modeling nonlinear evolutionary competing processes on the basis of the Lotka – Volterra modification
Authors: Vozmishcheva T.G.
Published: December 2024

The models of nonlinear competing processes on the base of the modification of the Lotka – Volterra system: the Richardson arms race model, the Lanchester war or battle model, the predator-prey model are presented and studied in the article. The qualitative analysis and also numerical calculation of evolutionary trajectories of system for various values of parameters is carried out. The comparative analysis of the classical and modified models on the basis of the built graphs of solutions of the system of differential equations is presented as well. Various parameters of the system of differential equations which cover practically all the set of possible beneficial and adverse effect on evolutionary trajectories are considered. Due to the dynamic simulation the values and relations of parameters which lead to the cardinal changes in evolution of the modified models are defined. Thus, the conditions under which it is possible to avoid the growth of arms race, that is, the armed conflict, are received. For the modified predatorprey model the conditions under which the biocenosis restoration is possible even at negative nonlinear terms are written down.
Метрология систем эволюционного согласования решений и нормирование интеллектуального труда
Authors: Потапова З.Е. , Протасов В.И.
Published: December 2024

В работе изложена новая информационная технология эволюционного согласования решений для организации эффективной групповой работы. Координация групповой работы осуществляется самоорганизующимся путем за счет применения генетических алгоритмов. Использование модели Раша и принципа равной оплаты за равный труд позволило ввести универсальную единицу измерения интеллектуальной сложности задачи и интеллектуальной силы акторов – ИНТ и найти зависимости этих величин от параметров модели. Предложена методика объективного измерения креативных способностей акторов и определения интегральной оценки качества работы актора, а также относительных величин стоимости решения задач и оплаты труда. Найдено оптимальное число акторов, обеспечивающих экономически эффективное решение задачи.

The work outlines a new information technology for evolutionary coordination of decisions for organizing effective group work. The coordination of group work is carried out in a self-organizing way through the use of genetic algorithms. The use of the Rush model and the principle of equal pay for equal work made it possible to introduce a universal unit for measuring the intellectual complexity of a task and the intellectual strength of actors - INT and to find the dependence of these quantities on the model parameters. A technique is proposed for objectively measuring the creative abilities of actors and determining the integral assessment of the quality of the actor’s work, as well as the relative values ​​of the cost of solving problems and remuneration. The optimal number of actors was found to provide a cost-effective solution to the problem.
On Diffusion Processes and Medical Plants Processing
Authors: Sneps-Sneppe M. A. , Kalis H.
Published: December 2024

The paper concerns mathematical modeling of natural medical products processing. Fick's Laws are forming the core of our understanding of diffusion in solids, liquids, and gases. The drying models mainly Fick's Laws based are described in detail. The drying process of medical plants is relatively well studied. The extraction studies are not so well developed. The paper gives some insight in mathematical modeling for extraction. Phenomenological models of the extraction process consist of mass balance equations for solute in solid phase and in fluid phase. By integration of these differential equations time-dependent concentration profiles in both phases are obtained and the extraction curve is calculated from fluid-phase concentration at the extractor outlet. Phase equilibrium depends on extraction pressure and temperature and on the composition of solute, solvent, and matrix. Unfortunately, all these studies are yet very far from the ability to produce the practical recommendations for medical plants processing.

Статья посвящена математическому моделированию процессов переработки натуральных лекарственных средств. Законы Фика формируют ядро нашего понимания диффузии в твердых телах, жидкостях и газах. Подробно описаны модели сушки, основанные главным образом на законах Фика. Процесс сушки лекарственных растений изучен относительно хорошо. Экстракционные исследования не так хорошо развиты. В статье дается представление о математическом моделировании экстракции. Феноменологические модели процесса экстракции состоят из уравнений баланса масс для растворенного вещества в твердой фазе и в жидкой фазе. Интегрированием этих дифференциальных уравнений получены зависящие от времени профили концентрации в обеих фазах и рассчитана кривая экстракции по концентрации жидкой фазы на выходе экстрактора. Фазовое равновесие зависит от давления и температуры экстракции, а также от состава растворенного вещества, растворителя и матрицы. К сожалению, все эти исследования еще очень далеки от возможности выработки практических рекомендаций по переработке лекарственных растений.
Цифровые помощники как инструмент оптимизации взаимодействия экономических агентов
Authors: Николаева Г.Л. , Тухбатов Р.Р.
Published: December 2024

В работе приведены результаты автоматизации бизнес-процессов с помощью цифровых помощников с целью оптимизации взаимодействия экономических агентов. В статье приводится обзор существующих платформ для роботизации бизнес-процессов, таких как UiPath, Blue Prism, Automation Anywhere, NICE, PEGA, Oracle Digital Assistant. Выполнен анализ данных продуктов по качественным критериям. В процессе оценки использовались такие критерии, как распространенность решения, полнота закрытия функционала, совместимость с существующими IT-решениями, масштабируемость, степень соответствия тенденциям. Оценка проводилась по методу многокритериального анализа. На примере кейса торговой компании построены модели взаимодействия с поставщиками: модель взаимодействия, в которой человек участвует на всех этапах, и модель взаимодействия с помощью цифрового помощника, с помощью которого сокращаются трансакционные издержки. Приведены преимущества роботизации процессов с помощью «чат-ботов», используя их для взаимодействия с экономическими агентами. Также в работе дана экономическая оценка эффективности внедрения цифрового помощника на примере стоимости ответа при работе человека и стоимости ответа при работе «чат-бота». В результате проведенного исследования показано, что использование цифровых помощников для роботизации однообразной работы является эффективным для экономических агентов с высокой нагрузкой на коммуникации с внешними контрагентами.

The paper presents the results of automatization of business processes using digital assistants in order to optimize the interaction of economic agents. The article provides an overview of existing platforms for the robotization, such as UiPath, Blue Prism, Automation Anywhere, NICE, PEGA, Oracle Digital Assistant. In the evaluation process, the following criteria were used: experience in the implementation of the solution, functionality, compatibility, scalability and the degree of compliance with trends. The assessment was carried out according to the method of multicriteria analysis. On the trading company’s case, models of interaction with suppliers were designed: a model in which a person participates at all stages, and a model using a digital assistant, with which transaction costs are reduced. The advantages of process robotization using "chat bots" in case of interactions with the counterparties are presented. In addition, the paper provides an economic assessment of the effectiveness of implementing a digital assistant. It uses the example of the response cost – comparison of the expenses on working persons’ salary and the cost of "chat bot" software. As a result of the study, it was shown that the use of digital assistants for the monotonous work is effective for economic agents with a high stream of communication with external counterparties.
Constrained Approximate Search Algorithms in Knowledge Discovery
Authors: Petrović S. , Sidorova J.
Published: December 2024

Knowledge discovery in big data is one of the most important applications of computing machinery today. Search is essential part of all such procedures. Search algorithms must be extremely efficient, but at the same time knowledge discovery procedures must not produce too many false positives or false negatives. False positives require post-processing, which reduces the overall efficiency of the knowledge discovery procedures, while false negatives reduce the sensitivity of such procedures. To reduce the false positive and false negative rate, in this paper, constrained approximate search algorithms are proposed to be applied. An overview of search theory, exact and approximate, is given first, exposing fundamentals of dynamic programming-based and bit-parallel-based approximate search algorithms without constraints. Then, introduction of constraints specific for various knowledge discovery procedures is explained, together with the subtleties of various applications, such as SPAM filtering and digital and network forensics (file carving, intrusion detection in hosts and networks). Advantages and disadvantages of applications of such constrained search algorithms in knowledge discovery procedures are also discussed. A potential application in bioinformatics is outlined.

Обнаружение знаний в области больших данных является одним из наиболее важных приложений вычислительной техники сегодня. Поиск является неотъемлемой частью всех таких процедур. Алгоритмы поиска должны быть чрезвычайно эффективными, но в то же время процедуры обнаружения знаний не должны давать слишком много ложных срабатываний или ложных отрицаний. Ложные срабатывания требуют последующей обработки, что снижает общую эффективность процедур обнаружения знаний, в то время как ложные отрицания снижают чувствительность таких процедур. Чтобы уменьшить количество ложноположительных и ложноотрицательных результатов, в этой статье предлагается применять ограниченные приближенные алгоритмы поиска. Краткий обзор теории поиска, точной и приблизительной, дается вначале, раскрывая основы алгоритмов приближенного поиска на основе динамического программирования и на основе бит-параллелизма без ограничений. Затем объясняется введение ограничений, специфичных для различных процедур обнаружения знаний, а также тонкостей различных приложений, таких как фильтрация спама, цифровая и сетевая экспертиза (разделение файлов, обнаружение вторжений в хосты и сети). Также обсуждаются преимущества и недостатки применения таких ограниченных алгоритмов поиска в процедурах обнаружения знаний. Намечено потенциальное применение в биоинформатике.
Особенности формирования корпуса текстов казахстанского сегмента электронных новостей
Authors: Оспанова У.А. , Баймаханбетов М.А. , Акоева И.Г. , Булдыбаев Т.К. , Атанаева М.К.
Published: December 2024

Культура потребления населением онлайн-новостей продолжает формироваться и набирает популярность, увеличивая аудиторию читателей. В тоже время возрастает и число тех, кто попадает под негативное влияние недостоверных новостей. Перед исследователями встает задача анализа массмедиа. Одним из направлений анализа новостного контента является тематическое моделирование, распознавание фейковых новостей, сентимент-анализ. Однако для проведения исследований в данных областях необходим размеченный корпус. В данной работе представлены методологические основы формирования корпуса описывающих сбор данных и отбор источников для формирования корпуса. Также представлено описание теоретических основ представительности и сбалансированности и обосновано соответствие корпуса выдвигаемым требованиям. В ходе проведенного комплекса работ сформирован корпус новостных текстов, включающий 1,9 млн статей из 22 источников. Проведена разметка корпуса. Проведен анализ тематической структуры сформированного корпуса с применением модели LDA. Сформированный корпус позволит апробировать алгоритмы машинного обучения, направленные на распознавание отдельных информативных признаков, и выявить закономерности, присутствующие в массиве новостных публикаций. Также корпус будет полезен исследователям в области машинного обучения и NLP для тестирования алгоритмов машинного обучения согласно собственным целям.

The culture of online-news consumption continues to take shape and is gaining popularity, increasing the audience of readers. At the same time, the number of those who fall under the negative influence of false news is growing. Researchers are faced with the task of analyzing mass media. One of the areas of news content analysis is thematic modelling, recognition of fake news, sentiment analysis. However, to research these areas, there is a need in a labelled corpus. This paper presents the methodological foundations of the corpus formation. It describes the process of data collection and the selection of sources to form the corpus. It also presents a description of the theoretical foundations of representativeness and balance and explains compliance of the corpus with the requirements. In the course of the composite work, authors gained a corpus of 1.9 million news texts from 22 news sources. They conducted corpus markup and carried-up the analysis of the thematic structure of the formed corps using the LDA model. The formed corpus will allow testing machine learning algorithms aimed at recognizing individual informative features and identifying patterns that are present in the array of news publications. Also, the corpus will be useful to machine learning and NLP researchers to test machine learning algorithms according to their own goals.
Естественный способ преодоления катастрофической забывчивости нейронных сетей
Authors: Куталев А.А.
Published: December 2024

Проблема катастрофической забывчивости проявилась в моделях нейронных сетей на базе коннекционистского подхода, которые активно исследуются начиная со второй половины 20-го века. Предпринимались многочисленные попытки и были предложены различные способы решения этой проблемы, но до самого последнего времени значимых успехов достичь не удавалось. В 2016 году случился значительный прорыв – группа ученых из DeepMind предложила метод эластичного закрепления весов (EWC), который позволяет успешно бороться с проблемой катастрофической забывчивости. К сожалению, хотя нам известны случаи использования этого метода в реальных задачах, он пока не получил повсеместного распространения. В этой работе мы хотим предложить альтернативные подходы к преодолению катастрофической забывчивости, основанные на суммарном абсолютном сигнале, прошедшем через связь в нейронной сети, которые демонстрируют схожую с EWC эффективность и, при этом, имеют существенно меньшую вычислительную стоимость. Эти подходы имеют более простую реализацию и представляются нам по своей сути более близкими к процессам, происходящим в мозге животных для сохранения выученных ранее навыков при последующем обучении. Мы надеемся, что простота реализации этих методов послужит их более широкому применению.

The problem of catastrophic forgetting manifested itself in models of neural networks based on the connectionist approach, which have been actively studied since the second half of the 20th century. Numerous attempts have been made and various ways to solve this problem have been proposed, but until very recently substantial successes have not been achieved. In 2016, a significant breakthrough occurred – a group of scientists from DeepMind proposed the method of elastic weight consolidation (EWC), which allows us to successfully overcome the problem of catastrophic forgetting. Unfortunately, although we were aware about the cases of using this method in real tasks, it has not yet obtained widespread distribution. In this paper, we want to propose alternative approaches for overcoming catastrophic forgetting, based on the total absolute signal passed through the connection. These approaches demonstrate similar efficiency as EWC and, at the same time, have less computational complexity. These approaches have a simpler implementation and seem to us to be essentially closer to the processes occurring in the brain of animals to preserve previously learned skills during subsequent training. We hope that the ease of implementation of these methods will serve their wider application.
Система отладки программ с различными моделями вычисления
Authors: Аксенов М.В. , Сухомлин В.А.
Published: December 2024

Данная статья посвящена вопросам отладки - поиска ошибок в программе - для современных языков программирования высокого уровня. В настоящее время насчитываются десятки различных языков с различными парадигмами программирования и различными моделями вычисления, и для каждого из них актуален вопрос анализа программы во время ее исполнения. Для большинства языков программирования существуют отладочные инструменты, дающие такую возможность, однако отладка программы, состоящей из частей на нескольких языках, вызывает серьезные трудности. В статье приводится анализ средств отладки программ для различных языков программирования. Сформулированы минимальные требования к отладчику. Исследованы основные подходы к реализации отладчиков для базовых моделей вычисления - компиляции, интерпретации и динамической компиляции. Выявлены недостатки применения существующих инструментов к отладке программ, совмещающих в себе две различные модели вычисления. Описана система, позволяющая решить выявленную проблему путем объединения возможностей отладчиков каждого из языков. Осуществлена программная реализации описанной системы для отладки программ, комбинирующих языки C# и C++. Протокол взаимодействия отладчиков, лежащий в основе системы, не зависит от реализации ее компонентов и может быть использован для других сочетаний языков.

This article is devoted to the issues of debugging programs in modern high-level languages. There are many different languages with different paradigms and different execution models. Each of them needs an instrument to analyze a program during its execution. For most programming languages, there are debugging tools that provide this capability, but debugging a program that consists of several parts in different programming languages is very difficult. The article contains an analysis of the tools for debugging programs for various programming languages. We provide the minimum requirements for the debugger and describe the main approaches to the implementation of debuggers for basic computation models - compilation, interpretation and dynamic compilation. The drawbacks of using existing tools for debugging programs that combine two different computation models are identified. As a solution, we propose a system that allows us to debug such programs by combining the capabilities of the debuggers for each of the languages. The software implementation of the described system for debugging programs combining the C # and C ++ languages has been developed. The debugger interaction protocol underlying the system does not depend on the implementation of its components and can be used for other combinations of languages.