bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corneal Endothelial Cell Changes Associated with Multiple Intravitreal Injections
Authors: Malvasi Mariaelena , Mangiantini Pietro , Testa Floriana , Battagliola Edoardo Trovato , D’Andrea Mattia , Minozzi Guglielmo , Turchetti Paolo , Pacella Elena
Published: February 2025

Purpose:

To explore the changes in the corneal endothelium in patients who receive multiple anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) or steroid injections for posterior segment pathology.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study recruits subjects treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF or sustained-release dexamethasone for macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion. Corneal endothelium and corneal thickness were measured in the treated eye using a corneal endothelial microscope. The study variables include age, endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (CV) of cell size, percentage of hexagonality (HEX%), and intraocular pressure (IOP) change 30 min after injection. These variables were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis.

Results:

A total of 108 diseased eyes were treated with a variable number (from 4 to 28) of intravitreal injections between January 2020 and December 2023. The mean total number of intravitreal injections was 12.8/eye. Multiple linear regression analysis showed an inverse relationship between ECD and age (β = −9.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] [ −8.01, −10.24], P < 0.05) and total number of injections (β = −17.11, 95% CI [−16.44, −18.37], P < 0.05). An inversion relationship also exists between HEX% and age (β = −0.17, 95% CI [−0.11, −0.23], P < 0.05) and total number of injections (β = −0.45, 95% CI [−0.37, −0.54], P < 0.05). A direct relationship exists between CV and age (β =0.29, 95% CI [0.19, 0.40], P < 0.05) and total number of injections (β =0.54, 95% CI [0.45, 0.63], P < 0.05). The mean IOP difference between the injected and contralateral eye 30 min postinjection was +6.4 ± 3 mmHg (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

A greater number of intravitreal injections is associated with a lower ECD, lower HEX, and higher CV in the treated eyes.
Long-Term Success in the Management of an Extensive Medial Canthal Basal-Cell Carcinoma with Vismodegib
Authors: Tzamalis Argyrios , Lavasidis Georgios , Tsinopoulos Ioannis , Ziakas Nikolaos
Published: February 2025

Purpose:

To present a case of an extensive basal-cell carcinoma (BCC) of the medial canthus that was successfully treated with vismodegib. The introduction of vismodegib and other Hedgehog pathway inhibitors into clinical practice has provided a new option for the nonsurgical management of periocular BCC.

Methods:

An 85-year-old male was referred to our clinic with a pigmented nodular BCC but declined any medical intervention. Two years later, the patient returned with an extensive periocular lesion. Through biopsy and magnetic resonance imaging, we confirmed the diagnosis of a nodular-ulcerative BCC extending into the medial orbit. Surgery and radiotherapy were declined. Therefore, oral treatment with vismodegib was initiated.

Results:

After 3 months, complete tumor regression was noted, and the medication was discontinued. The patient remained tumor-free till the last follow-up, 3 years posttreatment. No treatment-related side effects were observed.

Conclusion:

This case demonstrates the clinical value of vismodegib in advanced periocular BCC, particularly when surgery is inappropriate or declined by the patient.
Changes in border-associated macrophages after stroke: single-cell sequencing analysis
Authors: Yu Ning , Zhao Yang , Wang Peng , Zhang Fuqiang , Wen Cuili , Wang Shilei
Published: February 2025

Border-associated macrophages are located at the interface between the brain and the periphery, including the perivascular spaces, choroid plexus, and meninges. Until recently, the functions of border-associated macrophages have been poorly understood and largely overlooked. However, a recent study reported that border-associated macrophages participate in stroke-induced inflammation, although many details and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive single-cell analysis of mouse border-associated macrophages using sequencing data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE174574 and GSE225948). Differentially expressed genes were identified, and enrichment analysis was performed to identify the transcription profile of border-associated macrophages. CellChat analysis was conducted to determine the cell communication network of border-associated macrophages. Transcription factors were predicted using the ‘pySCENIC’ tool. We found that, in response to hypoxia, border- associated macrophages underwent dynamic transcriptional changes and participated in the regulation of inflammatory-related pathways. Notably, the tumor necrosis factor pathway was activated by border-associated macrophages following ischemic stroke. The pySCENIC analysis indicated that the activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) was obviously upregulated in stroke, suggesting that Stat3 inhibition may be a promising strategy for treating border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation. Finally, we constructed an animal model to investigate the effects of border-associated macrophages depletion following a stroke. Treatment with liposomes containing clodronate significantly reduced infarct volume in the animals and improved neurological scores compared with untreated animals. Taken together, our results demonstrate comprehensive changes in border-associated macrophages following a stroke, providing a theoretical basis for targeting border-associated macrophages-induced neuroinflammation in stroke treatment.
Cysteine-rich 61 mediates inflammation by the NF-κB/cyclooxygenase-2 pathway in RF/6A cells
Authors: Yeh Po-Ting , You Jian-Jang , Yang Chang-Hao
Published: February 2025

PURPOSE:

Cysteine-rich 61 (Cyr61) may enhance angiogenesis and inflammation in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an immediate-early gene product of inflammation and it also plays an important role in developing DR. We aim to investigate the effects of Cyr61 on COX-2 expression in chorioretinal vascular endothelial (RF/6A) cells and to study the possible signal transduction pathway and the transcriptional mechanisms.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The effects of Cyr61 on COX-2 expression were evaluated via determining the mRNA, protein, and prostaglandin (PG) E2 levels of RF/6A cells. To examine the pathway in this process, RF/6A cells were pretreated with integrin ανβ3-blocking antibodies, a FAK inhibitor (PF573228), a PI3K inhibitor (LY294002), and an Akt inhibitor (A6730), respectively. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and luciferase reporter assays were applied to assess if NF-κB was involved in this response.

RESULTS:

Cyr61 stimulated the expression of COX-2 at the mRNA, protein, and PGE2 levels in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Both COX-2 and PGE2 levels were attenuated during the response to Cyr61 stimulation by pretreatment with integrin ανβ3-blocking antibodies, PF573228, LY294002, and A6730 respectively. EMSA revealed that all of the aforementioned inhibitors suppressed NF-κB activation. Luciferase reporter assays further indicated that the mutation of the NF-κB-binding element in the COX-2 gene promoter reduced its gene expression.

CONCLUSIONS:

Induction of COX-2 by Cyr61 is mediated through the activation of the integrin ανβ3, FAK, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB pathways in RF/6A cells.
برنامج إرشادي قائم على استراتيجيات التنظيم الانفعالي لتنمية التوافق النفسي لدى المراهقين المكفوفين
Authors: البليهي عبدالرحمن , السلمي عبدالعزيز
Published: February 2025

هدف البحث التالي إلى تقييم مدى فعالية البرنامج القائم على التنظيم الانفعالي في تنمية التوافق النفسي لدى المراهقين المكفوفين، ومعرفة أثر البرنامج التدريبي على المجموعة التجريبية بعد فترة من تطبيق البرنامج، ولتحقيق أهداف البحث استخدم الباحثان المنهج الشبه التجريبي، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (24) من المراهقين المكفوفين، وقد استخدم الباحثان مقياس التوافق النفسي (إعداد: زينب شقير سنة، 2003)، تقنين جماح، لطيفة. (2017)، و برنامج قائم على استراتيجيات التنظيم الانفعالي (إعداد الباحثان )، وأشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (α ≤ 0.05 ) في متوسط الرتب على مقياس التوافق النفسي بين أفراد المجموعة التجريبية والضابطة في القياس البعدي"، ووجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة α ≤ 0.05) ) في متوسط الرتب على مقياس التوافق النفسي بين أفراد المجموعة التجريبية في القياس القبلي والبعدي، وعدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة α ≤ 0.05) ) في متوسط الرتب على مقياس التوافق النفسي بين أفراد المجموعة التجريبية في القياس البعدي والتتبعي.
Artificial Intelligence in Saudi Classrooms: Bridging the Gap Between Technology and Learning
Authors: العماري عبدالله
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The rapid digital transformation in Saudi Arabia's higher education landscape has prompted a critical examination of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) tools and student perceptions. This study investigates university students' attitudes, technological readiness, and engagement with AI technologies within the unique sociocultural and educational context of Saudi Arabia. By employing a mixed-methods approach, the research provides nuanced insights into how emerging technologies are perceived, utilized, and potentially transformed in Saudi academic environments.
Deep Learning Model-Based Detection of Anemia from Conjunctiva Images
Authors: Sehar Najmus , Krishnamoorthi Nirmala , Vinoth Kumar C.
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Anemia is characterized by a reduction in red blood cells, leading to insufficient levels of hemoglobin, the molecule responsible for carrying oxygen. The current standard method for diagnosing anemia involves analyzing blood samples, a process that is time-consuming and can cause discomfort to participants. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of non-invasive anemia detection using conjunctiva images processed through various machine learning and deep learning models. The focus is on the palpebral conjunctiva, which is highly vascular and unaffected by melanin content. Methods: Conjunctiva images from both anemic and non-anemic participants were captured using a smartphone. A total of 764 conjunctiva images were augmented to 4,315 images using the deep convolutional generative adversarial network model to prevent overfitting and enhance model robustness. These processed and augmented images were then utilized to train and test multiple models, including statistical regression, machine learning algorithms, and deep learning frameworks. Results: The stacking ensemble framework, which includes the models VGG16, ResNet-50, and InceptionV3, achieved a high area under the curve score of 0.97. This score demonstrates the framework’s exceptional capability in detecting anemia through a noninvasive approach. Conclusions: This study introduces a noninvasive method for detecting anemia using conjunctiva images obtained with a smartphone and processed using advanced deep learning techniques.
Czy dyrektywa w sprawie ochrony osób zgłaszających naruszenia prawa Unii może być stosowana w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej bezpośrednio? Przyczynek do dyskusji
Authors: Biłgorajski Artur , Drzewiecka Ewa
Published: February 2025

The article aims to attempt to answer the question of whether – in the face of the inaction of the national legislator – Directive (EU) 2019/1937 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2019 on the protection of persons who report breaches of Union law (hereinafter: the Directive) can be applied in the Republic of Poland directly to potential whistleblowers concerning situations occurring in the period from the expiry of the deadlines provided for the implementation of the Directive to the date of entry into force of individual provisions of the Act of 14 June 2024, and if so, to what extent? In making this attempt, the authors of the study rely on the criteria developed in the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (hereinafter: CJEU) determining the possibility of direct application of directives and the modest practice of Polish courts in this area to date (three judgments). In the study, the authors present practical problems for potential whistleblowers resulting from the lack of transposition of the Directive; ratio legis and the essence of the institution of whistleblowing; its subjective scope, i.e. the circle of entities interested in the direct effectiveness of the Directive and its objective scope; the procedure for reporting infringements of the law and – against the background outlined above – the issue of the direct effectiveness of the Directive in the Republic of Poland. Within the framework of the latter issue, the authors not only present the main conclusions resulting from the case law of the CJEU and national courts but also interpret the most important provisions of the Directive from the point of view of a potential whistleblower in terms of the possibility of assigning their direct effect. The analysis conducted unequivocally leads to the conclusion that the Directive can be applied directly in the Republic of Poland, certainly in the period from the expiry of the deadlines for its implementation to the date of entry into force of the Act of 14 June 2024 on the protection of whistleblowers. This conclusion refers in particular to the most important articles from the point of view of potential whistleblowers: 15, 19, 21, 23 and 24 of this act. The study uses the dogmatic method and the method of case law analysis. Due to the submission of the article for publication before the date of filing the draft bill on the protection of whistleblowers, the analysis of the provisions of the Act of 14 June 2024 on the protection of whistleblowers (Journal of Laws 2024, item 928) is beyond the scope of this work.
Assessing the Effect of Key Factors on Street Food Customer Satisfaction in Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayasekara Madhavi , Ginige S. R. , Wickramasuriya L. H. T. De S. , Ranasinghe Buddinee
Published: February 2025

Street food holds a pivotal role in Sri Lanka’s culinary culture, offering affordable and accessible dining options while enriching the nation’s social and cultural fabric. Customer satisfaction is critical for fostering repeated consumption and generating positive word-of-mouth promotion, yet the key factors behind customer satisfaction in this sector remain poorly understood. Addressing this knowledge gap is imperative for enhancing service quality and promoting the sustainable growth of the street food industry. Despite efforts by the Sri Lankan government to improve hygiene standards, a comprehensive understanding of the impact of key factors on customer satisfaction is essential to achieving a competitive edge both locally and globally. This study aims to identify and analyse the effect of key factors on customer satisfaction with street food in Sri Lanka. The study used a quantitative methodology grounded in an objective ontology, a positivist paradigm, and a deductive research approach to collect primary data from 163 consumers across diverse regions. The findings analysed using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approach, reveal that customer satisfaction is primarily influenced by cleanliness, convenience, sensory appeal, and the vendors’ behaviours. Notably, healthiness and food safety knowledge were found to have no significant impact on customer satisfaction, suggesting that consumers prioritise immediate gratification over long-term health considerations. This preference underscores a critical challenge for the industry where the potential contribution to a decline in public health is due to insufficient attention to nutrition and safety in street food consumption. While street food serves as a vital social and economic lifeline in Sri Lanka, emphasizing healthiness and safety in the sector could mitigate long-term health risks and support the creation of a healthier society. Furthermore, aligning industry practices with global standards of food safety and quality can enhance Sri Lanka's competitive position in the global market. This study provides actionable insights for stakeholders, including policymakers, vendors, and industry practitioners, to prioritize consumer-driven factors while integrating health and safety measures to ensure both immediate satisfaction and long-term societal well-being.
La responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE) y su impacto en los socios del sector financiero cooperativista del cantón La Maná, año 2024
Authors: Bustamante Sánchez Sofia Elizabeth , Checa Hernández Diego Fernando , Albarrasin Reinoso Marilin Vanessa
Published: February 2025

El estudio se centró en evaluar el impacto de la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE) en los socios del sector financiero cooperativista del cantón La Maná. El problema identificado fue la falta de integración efectiva de la RSE en las operaciones diarias, lo que afecta la confianza y el compromiso de los socios. El objetivo principal fue analizar cómo las prácticas de RSE influyen en la percepción y satisfacción de los socios. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo, con un muestreo estratificado de 381 socios, basado en un nivel de confianza del 95% y un error muestral del 5%. El instrumento evaluó dimensiones como derechos humanos, medioambiente, prácticas justas y participación activa, con una confiabilidad global de Cronbach de 0.891. los hallazgos identificaron una correlación significativa entre las prácticas de RSE y la percepción de los socios (?=0.832). Concluyó que la implementación de estrategias de RSE mejora la confianza, fidelidad y compromiso de los socios, destacando la necesidad de fortalecer las dimensiones más débiles para incrementar su impacto.
Concurso de infracciones y conexidad en el COIP. Distinción indispensable para una adecuada interpretación y aplicación en el sistema judicial ecuatoriano
Authors: Samaniego Paguay Alexander Patricio , Pozo Cabrera Enrique Eugenio
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo aborda un tema relevante dentro del sistema judicial ecuatoriano, esto es la distinción entre el concurso de infracciones y la conexidad conforme lo establecido en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal. Dichas figuras jurídicas tienen finalidades distintas, a saber, el concurso de infracciones determina las reglas para la aplicación de penas, mientras que la conexidad establece las reglas de competencia, debiendo considerar que la finalidad de la conexidad es otorgar operatividad al concurso delictual en sus distintas modalidades. No obstante, en el análisis realizado se logró identificar deficiencias normativas, lo cual incluso fue comparado con el derecho español, siendo este último referente en los temas estudiados, toda vez que la norma penal española ha desarrollado de mejor manera estas instituciones jurídicas. En este contexto, luego del análisis que se realizó dentro del presente artículo, se pone a consideración las deficiencias normativas identificadas y la necesidad imperiosa de establecer reformas legislativas, toda vez que es necesario que el Derecho Procesal ecuatoriano desarrolle instituciones jurídicas que permitan mejorar el sistema judicial, ya que al establecer reglas procesales precisas, permitirá que exista una aplicación justa y equitativa del Derecho Penal, lo cual permitirá garantizar a la sociedad en general el derecho a la seguridad jurídica y fortalecer el Estado de Derecho y justicia.
Políticas de seguridad pública en China
Authors: Martínez Andreu Miguel Ángel , Garriga Guitart David
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo tiene como finalidad analizar los métodos de control social y eficacia en la prevención y control del delito en China. Mediante una revisión bibliográfica, se ha comprobado que los niveles de criminalidad en el país son bajos. Sin embargo, también se han identificado conflictos entre los métodos de control social y el derecho a la privacidad personal y familiar. La historia de la seguridad en China muestra una profunda relación entre los períodos históricos y las estrategias actuales de control social. Medidas como la vigilancia masiva y el Sistema de Crédito Social han demostrado reducir el delito, en línea con teorías criminológicas. No obstante, plantean desafíos éticos al vulnerar derechos individuales como la privacidad, destacando la necesidad de equilibrar la seguridad pública con los derechos fundamentales.
Effect of Mulligan Traction Along With Progressive Neck Muscles Strengthening In Patients With Cervicogenic Headache Among Collage Going Students: Pre And Post Experimental Study
Authors: Mukesh Shinde , Nikitesh Shripad , Shruti Chaudhari , Pradnya Mahajan , Jaywant Nagulkar
Published: February 2025

RELEVANCE OF STUDY: Cervicogenic headache is one of most common type of headache characterized by chronic hemi cranial pain that is referred to the head from either bony structures or soft tissues of the neck.
METHODOLOGY: A pre-post experimental study was conducted on 32 college going students. Subjects were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria by Convenient sampling Technique. Pre treatment evaluation of HDI score, headache duration, headache intensity, headache frequency, passive flexion rotation test was done before intervention. Mulligan traction & Progressive neck muscle strengthening using pressure biofeedback were given for alternate day 3 sessions/ week, for 3 Weeks & Post intervention evaluation was done. Statistical analysis was carried out using paired t test.
RESULTS: On intragroup comparison using paired t test, there was significant difference between pre-post comparison of headache intensity (<0.0001), duration (<0.0001), frequency (<0.0001) & headache disability inventory (<0.0001) in college going students.
CONCLUSION: The upper cervical mulligan traction along with deep neck cervical muscles strengthening for 3 weeks is effective in reducing the symptoms of cervicogenic headache.
Influence of forward head posture on pulmonary function in young adults - A Correlational study
Authors: Mukesh Shinde , Shreyash Bhagat , Pradnya Mahajan , Vikash Saini
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND: Forward head posture is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders associated with abnormal neck posture. Young adults with daily activities of living involve static work for studying, slouched sitting, prolonged mobile or laptop use in which the body remains motionless for a long time to perform the work, which causes the neck and shoulder muscles to strain, causing most people to take the front head.
RELEVANCE OF STUDY: Since the muscles around the neck and shoulders are directly involved in breathing, their alignment ensures proper breathing. Irregularity in these muscles due to tension or weakness because of altered posture may interfere with breathing.
METHODOLOGY: A Cross-sectional study was conducted on 53 young adults. Subjects were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria by Convenient sampling Technique. Craniovertebral angle were assessed using Mb ruler software for forward head posture & PFT for pulmonary function was assessed. Statistical analysis was carried out using paired t test.
RESULTS: The statistical significance of correlation in study group was tested using Pearson’s correlation coefficient test which shows moderate positive correlation. The p-values was less than 0.05 which was considered to be statistically significant.
CONCLUSION: The study concluded that there is moderate positive correlation exist between cranio-vertebral angle and forced vital capacity as the cranio-vertebral angle decreases forced vital capacity also decreases.
Effect of Mat Pilates Exercises on Cardiometabolic Parameters to Improve Cardiovascular Fitness in Post Menopausal Diabetic Women
Authors: Syeeda Maaz , D Varalakshmi , Hannah Rajasekhar
Published: February 2025

Aim:To determine cardiovascular fitness levels in post menopausal diabetic women, to determine how mat pilates exercises help in improving cardiovascular fitness in post menopausal diabetic women. Patients were approached with the proposal of the study.
Methodology: A total of 48 postmenopausal women with diabeties were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly divided into two groups. Each group consists of 24 subjects. Group A Mat Pilatres exercises and Group B only medications. Borgs rate of percieved exertion, 3 minute step test, waist hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and BMI were used as outcome measures. The intervention was given 3 times per week for 8 weeks. Each session lasts for about 60 minutes. After 8 weeks post assessment is done.
Conclusion:The present study shows that Mat Pilates exercises helped in improving cardiovascular fitness in post menopausal diabetic women
National Assessment and Accreditation Council: Awareness & Perception of Physiotherapy Faculty
Authors: Avi Choudhary , Himani Kaushik
Published: February 2025

Background: In India, the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) is an autonomous body under the University Grant Commission (UGC), ensuring continuous quality improvement and quality assurance in higher education institutions. Despite facing challenges, many institutes in India seek accreditation from NAAC. Given the growing field of physiotherapy education in India, it is crucial to evaluate the awareness and perception of faculty members working in physiotherapy colleges about NAAC accreditation.
Methods: A cross-sectional E-survey study was conducted using a purposive snowball sampling method for physiotherapy faculty members practising within Indian Physiotherapy Colleges or universities, irrespective of whether their institutes were NAAC accredited or not included in this study.
Results: the survey found that 75% of respondents were from Delhi NCR while only 25% were from outside Delhi, with half having 5-10 years of experience. Only 25% worked at NAAC-accredited institutes, although all recognised the accreditation process’s significance. They understood the steps for accreditation; key challenges included data collection, limited resources, and infrastructure. Overall, faculty awareness of NAAC accreditation’s importance is excellent, highlighting a need to ease the evaluation process.
Conclusions:  The study revealed that physiotherapy faculties recognise the importance of NAAC accreditation in improving institute quality and are well-informed about its benefits and challenges.
В. М. Алексеев: иеромонах Алексий (Виноградов) versus Владимир Соловьев
Authors: Виноградова Т. И.
Published: February 2025

Основатель русской синологической школы В. М. Алексеев (1881–1951) считал, что знание китайского языка необходимо для всех, кто пишет о Китае. Однако только владения языком недостаточно для качественной синологической литературы. В. М. Алексеев противопоставляет книгу иеромонаха Алексия (Виноградова) (1845–1919/1920) «Китайская библиотека и научные работы членов Русской духовной миссии в Пекине» (Санкт-Петербург, 1889) и статью философа Владимира Соловьева «Китай и Европа», отдавая предпочтение последней. Основное внимание в статье уделяется анализу книги иеромонаха Виноградова, чтобы понять суть претензий к ней со стороны выдающегося отечественного синолога. Статья представляет собой текст доклада, прочитанного на VII научной конференции «Православие на Дальнем Востоке», прошедшей 17–18 ноября 2022 г. в Санкт-Петербургской Духовной Академии и Санкт-Петербургском государственном университете.

The founder of the Russian sinological school V. M. Alekseev (1881–1951) believed that knowledge of the Chinese language is necessary for everyone writing about China. However, only language proficiency is not enough for high-quality Sinological literature. V. M. Alekseev contrasts the book of hieromonk Alexiy (Vinogradov) (1845–1919/1920) “The Chinese Library and scientific works of members of Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Beijing” (St. Petersburg, 1889) and the article by the philosopher Vladimir Solovyov “China and Europe”, giving preference to the latter. The focus of the article is on the analysis of the book by hieromonk Vinogradov, in order to understand the essence of the claims against it from an outstanding domestic sinologist. The article is the text of a report read at the VII Scholarly Conference “Orthodoxy in the Far East”, held on November 17–18, 2022 at the St. Petersburg Theological Academy and the St. Petersburg State University.
Николай Владимирович Малицкий: последние годы служения отечественной науке
Authors: Пивоварова Н. В.
Published: February 2025

В статье анализируется научная деятельность исследователя византийского и древнерусского искусства Н. В. Малицкого (1881–1938). Преимущественное внимание автор уделяет последним годам жизни ученого. Этот период (конец 1920-х–1930-е гг.) практически не освещен в специальной литературе. В статье использованы архивные материалы из Ведомственного архива Русского музея и Научного архива Института истории материальной культуры. Впервые приводятся сведения об участии Н. В. Малицкого в подготовке экспозиции древнерусского искусства Русского музея. Затрагивается вопрос об изменившейся в 1930-х гг. концепции экспонирования памятников древнерусского искусства, вынуждавшей ученых старой школы следовать в своей деятельности новым идеологическим установкам.

The article analyzes the scientific activity of the researcher of Byzantine and Old Russian art N. V. Malitsky (1881–1938). The author pays primary attention to the last years of the scientist’s life. This period (late 1920s–1930s) is practically not covered in the specialized literature. The article uses archival materials from the Departmental Archive of the Russian Museum and the Scientific Archive of the Institute of the History of Material Culture. For the first time, information is provided about the participation of N. V. Malitsky in the preparation of the exposition of Old Russian art at the Russian Museum. The issue of the changed concept of exhibiting monuments of Old Russian art in the 1930s is touched upon, forcing scientists of the old school to follow new ideological guidelines in their activities.
Духовно-цензорская деятельность епископа Арсения (Иващенко)
Authors: Карпук Д. А.
Published: February 2025

В статье на основании архивного и впервые вводимого в научный оборот материала рассматривается духовно-цензорская деятельность в Санкт-Петербургском духовно-цензурном комитете в период с 1872 по 1886 гг. выдающего церковного ученого, византолога, переводчика греческих святоотеческих текстов XII–XV вв. епископа Арсения (Иващенко, 1830–1903). С одной стороны, цензорская деятельность в 1870–1880-х гг. в столичном комитете не была загруженной, что позволяло владыке Арсению заниматься научными изысканиями. С другой стороны, поступавшие на рассмотрение рукописи, книги, брошюры, стихотворения, изображения, даже монеты, требовали пристального к себе внимания. В некоторых случаях возникали конфликты и даже скандальные истории с вынужденным вмешательством высшего церковного органа — Св. Синода. Рассмотренные в статье несколько эпизодов позволяют сделать предварительный вывод, что владыка Арсений, будучи цензором, был максимально тактичным и внимательным. При этом, пропуская довольно большой объем материала, цензор аргументированно запрещал материалы низкого качества, а также те, которые подпадали под ограничения Св. Синода.

The article, based on archival material and material introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, examines the spiritual and censorship activities of the outstanding church scholar, Byzantologist, translator of Greek patristic texts of the 12th-15th centuries Bishop Arseny (Ivaschenko, 1830–1903) in the St. Petersburg Spiritual and Censorship Committee from 1872 to 1886. On the one hand, censorship activities in the capital committee in the 1870s‑1880s were not busy, which allowed Bishop Arseny to engage in scientific research. On the other hand, manuscripts, books, brochures, poems, images, and even coins submitted for review required close attention. In some cases, conflicts and even scandals arose with the forced intervention of the highest church body — the Holy Synod. Several episodes considered in the article allow us to make a preliminary conclusion that Bishop Arseny, being a censor, was extremely tactful and attentive. At the same time, allowing a fairly large amount of material, the censor reasonably prohibited low-quality materials, as well as those that fell under the restrictions of the Holy Synod.
Епископ Смоленский и Дорогобужский Иоанн (Соколов) как церковный публицист и редактор журнала «Православный собеседник»
Authors: Воронцова И. В.
Published: February 2025

В статье представлен аналитический обзор мировоззренческой позиции епископа Смоленского Иоанна (Соколова) как публициста, церковного ученого и свободомыслящего интеллигента второй половины XIX в. Описывается начало его церковного служения, области личного и пастырского интереса и деятельность на должности редактора журнала Казанской Духовной Академии в конце 1850‑х — начале 1860‑х гг. Показано, что центральной линией его творчества, как публициста, была связь Русской Церкви с общественной жизнью, ее руководящая роль в решении любых вопросов современности, та же линия проходила через волновавший его вопрос состояния духовных школы и образования во второй половине XIX в. И эта концентрация мысли епископа Иоанна (Соколова) сказалась на его отношении к государственным реформам в России императора Александра II. Отмечается, что именно в годы расцвета его творчества рождается публицистичная проповедь, потеснившая традиционное пастырское слово. Автор делает вывод, что епископа Смоленского Иоанна (Соколова) не случайно в начале ХХ в. стали считать отцом русской церковной публицистики: его творчество дало направление, средства выразительности и старт ее стремительному развитию.

The article presents an analytical review of the ideological position of Bishop Smolenskij Ioann (Sokolov) as a publicist, church scientist and intellectual in the 2nd half of the XIX century. It describes the beginning of his church ministry, areas of personal and pastoral interest and activity as an editor of Kazan Theological Academy’s journal in the late 1850s and early 1860s. It is shown that the central line of his work as a publicist was the connection of the Russian Church with public life, its leading role in solving any issues of our time, the same line passed through the question of the state of the spiritual schools and education in the 2nd half of the XIX century. And this concentration of Ioann (Sokolov)’s thought affected his attitude to the state reforms of Emperor Alexander II. It is noted that it was during the heyday of his work that a publicist sermon was born and displaced the traditional pastoral preaching in churches. The author concludes that it was not by chance that Bishop Smolenskij Ioann (Sokolov) was considered the father of Russian Church journalism at the beginning of the ХХ century, his work gave direction, means of expression and the start of its rapid development.
CONSTRUCTIVIST PARADIGM:LEARNING INNOVATION SKILLS IN ELT
Authors: Manda Negara Irma , Rafika Nurhidayah  , Kuncoro Hendro
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to investigate the integration of LIS (4 C's) conducted by lecturers in ELT. A literature review based on the elaborate framework of the 21st century. The method used is a qualitative description with a constructivist approach to paradigm and phenomenology. The researcher arranges the data and classifies the data patterns during the data analysis process in order to determine which data best fits the study's goal. After that, assembling the context using the knowledge extracted from the organized data. Findings reveal that the lecturer implements several learning methods to encourage students' 4 C skills. Integrating 4 C's skills following the 21st-century requirements is the first step in preparing students to be admitted to the workforce and competed in an open global environment.
Climate Change Anxiety Symptoms in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Shireen Jawhar , Ahmed Sanger Muhammad , Qadr Muzhda Qasim , Blbas Hazhar , Ali Ahmed Naif , Saber Abdulmalik Fareeq
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Climate change anxiety, or eco-anxiety, is an emerging mental health concern worldwide, particularly in regions heavily impacted by environmental and socio-political challenges. This study aimed to explore the prevalence, correlates and underlying dimensions of climate change anxiety among residents of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted online from July 2nd to September 29th, 2024, across three main governorates of the KRI: Erbil, Sulaymaniyah and Duhok, using convenience sampling. The questionnaire included two parts: demographic data and the Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale (HEAS). Statistical analyses, including Chi-square tests, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation, were conducted using IBM SPSS Version 26. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 385 participants were enrolled in the study. Eco-anxiety levels were categorized as mild (38%), moderate (43%) and severe (19%). Significant associations were observed between eco-anxiety levels and type of residence (p = 0.021) and city of residence (p = 0.006). PCA identified four dimensions of eco-anxiety, explaining 80.613% of the variance. Strong correlations were found between the dimensions of the HEAS, with the highest correlation observed between behavioral symptoms and anxiety about personal impact (r = 0.854, p < 0.01). Conclusions: The study highlights that most participants experienced moderate levels of eco-anxiety. It is recommended that healthcare providers and policymakers prioritize strategies to address eco-anxiety and its impacts, particularly in urban areas and among vulnerable populations in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
Impact of Promotor region Cdx2 (A/G) Variant of Vitamin-D Receptor Gene on Omentin-1, Leptin levels and Coronary Artery Risk in Pakistani Cohorts
Authors: Nazar Shazia , Hingorjo Mozaffer Rahim , Owais Muhammad , Farrukh Ghazala Masood , Zameer Sambreen , Askari Zainab
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Coronary artery disease remains a major contributor to global morbidity and mortality, primarily driven by atherosclerosis. Genetic variations and adipocytokines like omentin-1 and leptin play critical roles in inflammatory pathways and atherosclerotic processes. This study aims to evaluate the association of Cdx2 (A>G) variant, omentin-1 and leptin with CAD risk in a Pakistani population. Methods: This case-control study comprised 500 angiographically confirmed CAD patients and 500 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Detailed anthropometric measurements, blood pressure and fasting blood samples were obtained from all contributors. Genotyping of the Cdx2 (A>G) variant was conducted using tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). Serum levels of omentin-1, leptin and vitamin-D were evaluated by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Statistical analyses was done by SPSS version 23. Results: The frequency of the AA genotype in the control group (49.2%) was significantly higher than in CAD patients (32.4%), indicating a protective effect (p<0.001). The AG genotype was associated with a 58% increased risk of CAD (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.24-2.02). Serum omentin-1 levels were significantly lower in CAD patients (368±3.7 ng/mL vs. 615±6.5 ng/mL, p<0.001) compared to controls, whereas, leptin levels were significantly elevated in CAD patients (8.62±0.7 ng/mL vs. 4.02±0.5 ng/mL, p<0.001). Both omentin-1 and leptin levels were significantly associated with the AG and GG genotypes, suggesting a genetic influence on these adipocytokine. Conclusion: In conclusion Cdx2 (A>G) variant of promotor region of VDRG was found to be associated with greater risk of CAD and also influence on adipokines levels, particularly omentin-1 and leptin, may play a crucial role in CAD pathogenesis. These findings offer insights into the molecular mechanisms of CAD.
Perceptions of Health Insurance Schemes and Their Role in Reducing Healthcare Disparities Across Asian Populations: Insights into Access, Equity and Policy
Authors: Selvamuthu C.M. , Lavaraju B. , Sundaram Asha
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This study explores the impact of health insurance schemes on healthcare disparities in Asian countries, focusing on policy implications. It evaluates various insurance models, such as the Basic Healthcare Insurance for Urban Employees in China and the New Cooperative Medical Scheme and their effects on healthcare access and outcomes across different socioeconomic groups. Methods: An exploratory design was used with a sample of 446 respondents selected via convenient sampling in Tamil Nadu, India. Data were collected through surveys and analyzed using SPSS, employing tools such as clustered bar graphs, pie charts, ANOVA and linear regression to assess relationships between insurance coverage and healthcare disparities. Results: Findings suggest that health insurance schemes have improved healthcare access and reduced disparities but challenges remain, particularly in addressing the needs of marginalized populations. The 26-35 age group showed strong support for increased government funding for rural healthcare. Males were more likely to believe rural populations benefit more from insurance than urban populations. Barriers like high administrative costs and low healthcare professional availability were identified. Urban respondents emphasized government roles in funding and regulation, while semi-urban and rural populations indicated concerns over the effectiveness of insurance policies. Discussion: The results highlight the importance of tailored health insurance policies to address the needs of marginalized groups. Despite progress, more targeted interventions are necessary to ensure equitable healthcare access. Addressing administrative costs and professional shortages will enhance the effectiveness of health insurance schemes. Conclusion: Health insurance schemes are crucial in reducing healthcare disparities in Asia. However, targeted reforms are necessary to improve equity and accessibility, particularly for marginalized populations.
WHEN COMPETITORS MATTER?
Authors: Kamzabek Takhaui , Anarbay Bolat
Published: February 2025

This review paper focuses to define broadly when thecompanies pay attention to their competitors from the logic of multimarketstrategy theory. The theory assumes that firms usually intentionally enters torivals market to decrease the rivalry. According to Mutual Forbearance logic,when competitors are operating in several markets simultaneously, it reduces theintensive competition, so one rival attack in one market might cause to beattacked by that firm in another market. So due to that firms usually have lessmotivation in hostile actions and enters each other’s market by creatingmultimarket contact. Also, this paper emphasizes that the multimarket strategyusually causes not intentional strategies of the firms, also due to the chance ofmultimarket contacts (MMC). This research distinguishes the notions of naïveMMC and purposive MMC depending on competitor awareness
Өндірістік тәуекелдерді бағалаудың әдістемелік негіздері.
Authors: Таңжарықов П , Төлеген А
Published: February 2025

Production, operation and transportation of raw materials atoil and gas fields are carried out in accordance with the requirements of thestandards of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The main goal of labor protection is tocreate a safe work environment for employees, as well as to prevent staffdiseases. In this regard, it is necessary to operate a system of accounting, analysisand evaluation of the state of labor protection, as well as labor safetymanagement. In General, the work suggests ways to assess the state of laborprotection by calculating indicators of industrial risk. This will improve the workon labor protection within the enterprise. As a result of creating a safetymanagement system, an organization can ensure its attractiveness through aneffective safety management system that meets international standards. It canreduce unplanned economic losses resulting from accidents, accidents and   occupational diseases, improve its image and increase its competitiveness in themarket
TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF WHEAT PRODUCERS INKAZAKHSTAN AND RUSSIA: STOCHASTIC FRONTIERAPPROACH
Authors: Tleubayev A
Published: February 2025

Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine (KRU) already collectivelyaccount for about quarter of the world wheat exports and those countries havestill huge unrealized production potential. This production potential can berealized if improvements in production efficiency achieved since an averageyields yet are far below compared to the developed countries like US andCanada. Need for efficiency improvements are often mentioned andgovernments implemented several policy reforms to advance productionefficiencies. However, empirical research on the effects of such policy reformsis scarce, particularly in the case of KRU countries. This study aims at fillingthis gap with using cross-sectional data from wheat producing farms across sixregions of Kazakhstan and Russia employing a two-step stochastic frontierproduction analysis. Analysis suggest that the factors like an access to capitalassets, farmer’s education and use of crop insurance can improve technicalefficiencies of farms. On the other hand, subsidy payments from governmentseem to have strong negative impact on farm’s technical efficiency.
АЙМАҚТЫҚ МЕРЗІМДІ БАСЫЛЫМДАРДАҒЫ МЕМЛЕКЕТТІКАҚПАРАТТЫҚ ТАПСЫРЫСТЫҢ РӨЛІ МЕН ОНЫҢ КҮНТӘРТІБІН ҚАЛЫПТАСТЫРУҒА ӘСЕРІ
Authors: Кенжебек Жансая , Саудбаев М
Published: February 2025

The article examines the influence of the state information orderon the content of regional periodicals. A number of topical issues are considered,such as the concept of "agenda", factors affecting the content of regionalnewspapers, discrepancy between materials and the real life of the region andthe needs of the population.The purpose of the study is to propose effective methods for activating the workof regional periodicals, studying the current situation on the example of localnewspapers. As part of the study, a content analysis of the Panfilov regionalnewspaper "Zharkent Ongiri" was carried out. Since the state information orderis an integral part of the Kazakhstan media, it is explained how much it affectsthe content of periodicals in the region, the coverage of current topics.
БАҚ-ТА ПОЛИЦИЯНЫҢ ЖАҒЫМДЫ ОБРАЗЫН ҚАЛЫПТАСТЫРУДЫҢ МАҢЫЗДЫЛЫҒЫ ЖӘНЕ ОНЫҢ ЖОЛДАРЫ
Authors: Қанатбек Арайлым
Published: February 2025

The article examines the role of the police as one of the keyinstitutions for maintaining public order and combating crime. It highlights theimportance of public approval and support for the effectiveness of policeactivities, emphasizing the need for social partnership and legal integrationbetween the police and the population. The article analyzes modern methodsof evaluating police effectiveness, including social auditing and monitoring ofpublic opinion, and discusses ways to increase public trust in the police throughthe creation of a positive image. The influence of mass media on the formationof this image is covered, and various socio-psychological and strategic aspectsof image policy important for strengthening the police's position in society areconsidered.
«QAZAQSTAN» ТЕЛЕАРНАСЫНЫҢ МЕДИАБРЕНДРЕТІНДЕ ҚАЛЫПТАСУЫ
Authors: Тұрмағамбетова Анар
Published: February 2025

Promotion plays a significant role in shaping a mediabrand. In today's market, it is important not only to produce televisionprograms but also to deliver them to the audience. This article illustratesthe influence of promotion on the development of the "Kazakhstan" TVchannel as a media brand, using examples. It examines the growth of the"Kazakhstan" TV channel from 2012 to 2017, showcasing the pace ofdevelopment, program changes, and ratings.