bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The relationship of enuresis nocturna and adenoid hypertrophy
Authors: Balaban Muhsin , Aktas Alper , Sevinc Cuneyd , Yucetas Ugur
Published: July 2016

Objectives: This study was organized to assess the relationship of enuresis nocturna (EN) and upper airway obstruction (UAO) in children. Material and Methods: This study was multi-centrically and prospectively designed including 79 children who presented to a urology clinic with symptoms of EN between January 2013 and February 2014. Sixty-four age-matched children with no history of urological complaints were randomly recruited from children admitted to a pediatric clinic as a control group. All children and parents were asked to fill out a dysfunctional elimination syndrome (DES) questionnaire and children were examined by an ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist to evaluate the UAO. Descriptive statistics, chisquare and Mann-Whitney-U tests were used to compare variables. Results: The mean ages of the 79 children (48 male, 31 female) in the study group and the 64 children (41 male, 23 female) in the control group were 10.14+/-3.38 and 9.17+/- 2.85, respectively. Family history of the study showed that 19% of the children’s mothers, 10% of the children’s fathers and 37% of the children’s siblings had experienced EN. There was a significant difference between the study and the control groups in terms of urge to urinate, bladder emptying, bowel symptoms and psychological stress. There was also a significant difference between rates of tonsillar hypertrophy and nasopharynx obstruction in the EN group (p = 0.009). Conclusion: In this study we found that half of the children with EN had tonsillar hypertrophy, which was significantly higher than in the control group. Further studies are needed to clarify the exact relationship between UAO and EN.
Buccal mucosa is a promising graft in Peyronie’s disease surgery. Our experience and a brief literature review on autologous grafting materials
Authors: Fabiani Andrea , Servi Lucilla , Fioretti Fabrizio , Maurelli Valentina , Tombolini Flavia , Filosa Alessandra , Zucchi Alessandro , Paulis Gianni , Mammana Gabriele
Published: July 2016

Aim: Peyronie’s Disease (PD) is an under reported acquired benign condition that, at the moment, is not curable with medical therapy. Surgery represent the gold standard of treatment. Surgical approaches are several and they consist in “plication techniques” or plaque incision/excision with grafting of resulting albuginea defect. Among grafting procedures, albuginea defect substitution with autologous materials demonstrated over the years not inferior results respect to heterologous grafts. Buccal mucosa graft (BMG) is not usually emphasized in many review articles and clinical series are yet limited. Methods: We present our experience with seventeen plaque incision procedures and BMG in surgical correction of complex penile curvatures due to PD performed in a period of 30 months. Our analyses was focused on buccal mucosa graft characteristics as major determinant of the surgical success. We also conducted a brief literature review on autologous grafting materials used in reconstructive penile surgery for PD. Results: Our cosmetics and functional results consists in a 100% of functional penile straightening with no relapses and 5,8% of de novo erectile dysfunction. Mean age was 56.4 years, mean follow-up of 22.5 (6-36) months. No complications graft related were observed. Operative time was 115.3 minutes in mean. Over 94% of patients referred they were “really much better” and “much better” satisfied based on PGI-I questionnaire administrated at the last follow- up visit. Conclusion: BMG is revealing as an optimal choice for reconstructive surgery in PD. Anatomical characteristics consisting in the great elasticity, the quick integration time and the easy harvesting technique lead to high cosmetics and functional success rate, without omitting economical and invasiveness aspects.
The role of Cajal cells in chronic prostatitis
Authors: Haki Yuksel Ozgur , Urkmez Ahmet , Verit Ayhan
Published: July 2016

Types of prostatitis can be defined as groups of syndromes in adult men associated with infectious and noninfectious causes characterized frequently by lower abdominal and perineal signs and diverse clinical symptoms and complications. Etiopathogenesis of chronic prostatitis is not well defined. Moreover, its treatment outcomes are not satisfactory. Presence of c-kit positive interstitial cells in human prostate is already known. It has been demonstrated that these cells can be pacemaker cells which trigger spontaneous slow-wave electrical activity in the prostate and can be responsible for the transport of glandular secretion from acinar cells into major and minor prostatic ducts and finally into urethra. In the light of all these data, when presence of a possible inflammatory pathology is thought to involve prostate that secretes and has a reservoir which drains its secretion (for prostate, prostatic urethra), two points are worth mentioning. Impairment of secretion mechanism and collection of secretion within the organ with reflux of the microbial material from its reservoir back into prostate gland. Both of these potential conditions can be explained by ductal neuromuscular mechanism, which induces secretion. We think that in this neuromuscular mechanism interstitial Cajal cells have an important role in chronic prostatitis. Our hypothesis is that curability of prostatitis is correlated with the number of Cajal cells not subjected to apoptosis.
Malignant priapism due to penile metastases: Case series and literature review
Authors: De Luca Francesco , Zacharakis Evangelos , Shabbir Majed , Maurizi Angela , Manzi Emy , Zanghì Antonio , De Dominicis Carlo , Ralph David
Published: July 2016

Malignant priapism secondary to penile metastases is a rare condition. This term was originally used by Peacock in 1938 to describe a condition of painful induration and erection of the penis due to metastatic infiltration by a neoplasm. In the current literature there are 512 case reports. The primary tumor sites are bladder, prostate and rectum. The treatment has only palliative intent and consists of local tumor excision, penectomy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. We present one case of malignant priapism originated from prostate cancer, and two from urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Different approaches in diagnosis and therapy were performed. The entire three patient reported a relief of the pain following the treatment, with an improvement of their quality of life, even though it was only temporary as a palliative. Malignant priapism is a rare medical emergency. Penile/pelvis magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and corporal biopsies are considered an effective method of diagnosis of the primary organ site.
Reply to the letter: We really need a classification of prostatic abscess?
Authors: Dell'Atti Lucio
Published: July 2016

Not available.
Prognostic impact of ReTURB in high grade T1 primary bladder cancer
Authors: Sanseverino Roberto , Napodano Giorgio , Campitelli Antonio , Addesso Maria
Published: July 2016

Purpose: To evaluate whether pathological outcomes of ReTURB have a prognostic impact on recurrence and progression of primitive T1HG bladder cancer. Material and methods: Patients affected by primitive T1HG TCC of bladder underwent restaging TURB (ReTURB). Patients with muscle invasive disease at ReTURB underwent radical cystectomy; those with non-muscle invasive residual (NMI-RT) and those with no residual tumour (NRT) received an intravesical BCG therapy. We compared recurrence and progression in NMIRT patients and NRT patients at restaging TURB. Patients were followed every 3-6 months with cystoscopy and urine cytology. Results: 212 patients were enrolled in the study. At ReTURB, residual cancer was detected in 92 of 196 (46.9%) valuable patients: 14.3% of these were upstaged to T2. At follow up of 26.3 ± 22.8 months, there were differences in recurrence and progression rates between NRT and NMIRT patients: 26.9% and 45.3% (p < 0.001), 10.6% and 23.4% (p 0.03), respectively. Recurrence-free and progression-free survivals were significantly higher in NRT compared to NMIRT patients: 73.1% and 54.7% (p < 0.001), 89.4% and 76.6 (p 0.03), respectively. Conclusions: ReTURB allows to identify a considerable number of residual and understaged cancer. Patients with NMIRT on ReTURB have worse prognosis than those with NRT in terms of recurrence and progression free survival. These outcomes seem to suggest a prognostic impact of findings on ReTURB that could be a valid tool in management of high grade T1 TCC.
Can perineural invasion detected in prostate needle biopsy specimens predict surgical margin positivity in D’Amico low risk patients?
Authors: Haki Yuksel Ozgur , Urkmez Ahmet , Verit Ayhan
Published: July 2016

Objectives: In this study, our aim was to estimate the value of perineural invasion (PNI) in prostate needle biopsy (PNB) specimens in the prediction of surgical margin positivity (SMP) and its prognostic significance (upgrade Gleason Score) in patients who had undergone radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) with low risk prostate cancer according to D’Amico risk assessment. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 65 patients who were diagnosed as clinical stage T1c prostate cancer (PC) and underwent RRP between January 2010 and June 2013. Pathological specimens of PNB and RRP were separately examined for the parameters of PNI, vascular invasion (VI), Gleason Score (GS) and SMP. Results: The patients’ mean age was 63.65 ± 4.93 (range 47- 75) years. PNI in PNB specimens were identified in 12 of 65 patients and 11 of 12 patients showed SMP on RRP specimens. While 53 of 65 patients had not PNI on PNB, only 11 of them demonstrated SMP on RRP specimens. SMP was 30.64-fold more frequently encountered in PNB specimens obtained from PNI-positive patients relative to PNI-negative patients. In our study, PNI detected in PNB specimens was statistically significantly associated with SMP on RRP specimens (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: It is well known that higher PSA values and GS were independent predictors of SMP in clinically localized prostate cancer (CLPC). We think that PNI in PNB specimens may be a useful prognostic factor for predicting SMP in cases with CLPC.
15º Congresso Regionale FADOI Campania, Napoli, 7-8 aprile 2016
Authors: Uomo Presidente: G.
Published: July 2016

Abstract Book of the 15º Congresso Regionale FADOI Campania, Napoli, 7-8 aprile 2016.
Duration of suicide process among suicide attempters and characteristics of those providing window of opportunity for intervention
Authors: Kattimani Shivanand , Sarkar Siddharth , Menon Vikas , Muthuramalingam Avin , Nancy Premkumar
Published: July 2016

Background: There is limited cross-cultural literature on the duration of suicide process among attempters. Aims: The primary aim was to assess the duration of suicide process among suicide attempters attending the Crisis Intervention Clinic. We also aimed to identify the characteristics of those who reported a longer duration for this process. Methods: In this retrospective record-based study, we collected the duration of the suicidal process from the records of all the suicide attempters evaluated over a 3-year period (n = 319). Attempters were divided into four groups based on the quartile value of the duration of the suicidal process. For analysis, the characteristics of those in the last quartile with suicide process time of >120 min (n = 75) were compared with those in the first three (n = 244). Those in the last quartile were considered to provide a window of opportunity for intervention. Results: The median time for the suicidal process was 30 min (interquartile range of 5 min to 120 min). Seventy-five (23.5%) subjects belonged to the fourth quartile (duration of suicide process >120 min). A significant proportion of them came from urban areas (P = 0.011), had a diagnosis of mood disorder (P = 0.028), had visited a health professional in the recent past (P = 0.015), and had lower rates of attempt under intoxication (P = 0.005). A lesser proportion of them showed problem-focused disengagement style of coping strategy (P = 0.015). Conclusions: The suicide process time among Indian suicide attempters is short. However, a quarter of them has suicide process duration of 2 h which provides some scope for intervention. Individual and community level interventions need further evaluation for their potential efficacy in preventing the progress of the suicidal process.
Evaluation of pituitary function in cases with the diagnosis of pediatric mild traumatic brain injury: Cross-sectional study
Authors: Aylanç Hakan , Tütüncüler Filiz , Süt Necdet
Published: July 2016

Background: This study was to determine whether pituitary dysfunction occurs after head trauma in children or not and which axis is affected more; to define the association of pituitary dysfunction with the severity of head trauma and duration time after the diagnosis of head trauma. Materials and Methods: In this study, 24 children who were diagnosed with head trauma were evaluated regarding pituitary dysfunction. In all cases, after 12 h fasting, serum cortisol, fT3, fT4, thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin, insulin-like growth factor-1, serum sodium, urine density, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, in female cases E2, in male cases, TT levels were determined. Results: Mean age of children was 9.5 ± 3.1 years, 14 children (58.3%) had mild, 9 children (37.5%) had moderate, and 1 children (4.2%) had severe head trauma according to the Glasgow coma scale. Mean duration time after head trauma was 29.4 ± 9.8 months. In all cases, no pathologic condition was determined in the pituitary hormonal axis. In one children (4.2%), low basal cortisol level was found. There were no children with hormonal deficiency in this study. Conclusion: Although pituitary dysfunction after head trauma may develop in the early period, some may present in the late period; therefore, all cases should be followed up at outpatient clinics for a longer period.
Clinical features, risk factors, and outcome of cerebral venous thrombosis in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Yadegari Samira , Ghorbani Askar , Miri S Roohollah , Abdollahi Mohammad , Rostami Mohsen
Published: July 2016

Introduction: Despite increasing the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) has remained an under-diagnosed condition. In this study, characteristics and frequency of various risk factors of CVST patients in a tertiary referral hospital were closely assessed. Methods: Patients with an unequivocal diagnosis of CVST confirmed by MRI and magnetic resonance venography during 6 years of the study were included. All data from the onset of symptoms regarding clinical signs and symptoms, hospital admission, seasonal distribution, medical and drug history, thrombophilic profile, D-dimer, neuroimaging, cerebrospinal fluid findings, mortality, and outcome were collected and closely analyzed. Result: A total of 53 patients with female to male ratio of 3.07 and mean age of 33.7 years were included in the study. Headache and papilledema were the most frequent clinical features (44 and 36 patients, respectively). An underlying disease (diagnosed previously or after admission) was the most common identified risk factor for CVST in both females and males (21 patients). A total of 15 women used the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) where 12 of them had simultaneously other predisposing factors. Overall, 19 patients (36%) had more than one contributing factor. D-dimer had a sensitivity of 71.4% in CVST patients. The mortality of patients in this study was 3.7% (n = 2). Focal neurologic deficit and multicranial nerve palsy were associated with poor outcome which defined as death, recurrence, and massive intracranial hemorrhage due to anticoagulation (P = 0.050 and 0.004, respectively). Conclusion: Unlike most of the CVST studies in which OCP was the main factor; in this study, an underlying disease was the most identified cause. Considering the high probability of multiple risk factors in CVST that was shown by this study, appropriate work up should be noted to uncover them.
Effects of Nasal Calcitonin vs. Oral Gabapentin on Pain and Symptoms of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Haddadi Kaveh , Asadian Leila , Isazade Ahdie
Published: July 2016

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a chronic and prevalent disease that occurs in 10.8% of the general population, mostly in old age. We designed the first clinical trial study to compare the effects of administering the nasal salmon calcitonin spray and gabapentin in patients with LSS. In this clinical trial, 90 patients with symptoms of neurogenic claudication and magnetic resonance imaging-proven LSS were randomly assigned to nasal salmon calcitonin, gabapentin, or placebo treatments for eight weeks (30 participants in each group). This was followed by a washout period of four weeks. After three months of study and after four weeks off the prescription, mean values of Oswestry Disability Index in the calcitonin, gabapentin, and control groups were 23 ± 12.05, 32 ± 16.08, and 38 ± 22.09, respectively ( P ≤ 0.05, calcitonin group vs. gabapentin group, and P ≤ 0. 001, calcitonin group vs. control group with respect to pretreatment scores). Thus, three months after the treatment, although most of the patients in the control group had a satisfactory period of improvement, the improvement in the calcitonin group was more than the other two groups with a significant difference ( P ≤ 0.05 when compared to gabapentin group and P ≤ 0.01 when compared to placebo group). We revealed that the 200 International Unit (IU) and nasal calcitonin spray daily are more effective compared to 300 mg gabapentin three times per day and the placebo effect for eight weeks of treatment of symptoms of patients with LSS.
Access, attitudes and training in information technologies and evidence-based medicine among medical students at University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences
Authors: Parve Swapnil , Ershadi Ali , Karimov Alexandr , Dougherty Anne , Ndhlovu Chiratidzo E. , Chidzonga Midion M. , Sadigh Majid
Published: July 2016

Background: The Medical Education Partnership Initiative, has helped to mitigate the digital divide in Africa. The aim of the study was to assess the level of access, attitude, and training concerning meaningful use of electronic resources and EBM among medical students at an African medical school.Methods: The study involved medical students at the University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, Harare. The needs assessment tool consisted of a 21-question, paper-based, voluntary and anonymous survey.Results: A total of 61/67 (91%), responded to the survey. 60% of the medical students were ‘third-year medical students’. Among medical students, 85% of responders had access to digital medical resources, but 54% still preferred printed medical textbooks. Although 25% of responders had received training in EBM, but only 7% found it adequate. 98% of the participants did not receive formal training in journal club presentation or analytical reading of medical literature, but 77 % of them showed interest in learning these skills.Conclusion: Lack of training in EBM, journal club presentation and analytical reading skills have limited the impact of upgraded technology in enhancing the level of knowledge. This impact can be boosted by developing a curriculum with skillsnecessary in using EBM.Keywords: Information technologies, evidence-based medicine, medical students, University of Zimbabwe, College of Health Sciences.
Fourier transform spectrometer measurements of column CO2 at Sodankylä, Finland
Authors: Kivi Rigel , Heikkinen Pauli
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) observations at Sodankylä, Finland (67.4° N, 26.6° E) have been performed since early 2009. The FTS instrument is participating in the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) and has been optimized to measure abundances of the key greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Sodankylä is the only TCCON station in the Fennoscandia region. Here we report the measured CO2 time series over a 7-year period (2009–2015) and provide a description of the FTS system and data processing at Sodankylä. We find the lowest monthly column CO2 values in August and the highest monthly values during the February–May season. Inter-annual variability is the highest in the June–September period, which correlates with the growing season. During the time period of FTS measurements from 2009 to 2015, we have observed a 2.2 ± 0.2 ppm increase per year in column CO2. The monthly mean column CO2 values have exceeded 400 ppm level for the first time in February 2014.
Relative role of individual variables on a revised Convective System Genesis
Parameter over north Indian Ocean with respect to distinct background state
Authors: Sumesh K. G. , Abhilash S. , Ramesh Kumar M. R.
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Abstract. Tropical storms are intense low pressure systems that form over warm tropical ocean basins. Depending upon the intensity, they are classified as depressions, cyclones and severe cyclones. Northern Indian Ocean (NIO) is highly prone to intense tropical storms and roughly 5–7 tropical storms are forming over this basin every year. Various Cyclogenesis indices are used to forecast these tropical storms over various basins including NIO. In this aspect we propose a revised Convective System Genesis Parameter (CSGP) to identify regions favourable for storm genesis. The revised CSGP is constructed by using different combinations and thresholds of five variables namely, the Low Level Relative Vorticity, the Low Level Convergence, the Shear co-efficient, the Convective Instability parameter and the Humidity parameter. The relative role of each individual variable on CSGP is analysed separately for different categories of the storms over both Arabian sea and Bay of Bengal. The composite structure of the CSGP for different categories of the storms is further evaluated separately for distinct large scale background state. The results show that the revised CSGP is capable of distinguishing different categories of the storms. The CSGP exhibits large variability during distinct large scale background state. It is also found that the individual variables contribute in a different way during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons. The revised CSGP can be used to forecast all categories of convective systems such as depressions, cyclones and severe cyclones over NIO during the monsoon as well as non-monsoon seasons.
Uncertainties in Forecasts of Winter Storm Losses
Authors: Pardowitz Tobias , Osinski Robert , Kruschke Tim , Ulbrich Uwe
Published: July 2016

Abstract. This paper describes an approach to derive probabilistic predictions of local winter storm damage occurrences from a global medium-range ensemble prediction system (EPS). Predictions of storm damage occurrences are subject to large uncertainty due to meteorological forecast uncertainty (typically addressed by means of ensemble predictions) and uncertainties in modelling weather impacts. The latter uncertainty arises from the fact that local vulnerabilities are not known in sufficient detail to allow for a deterministic assessment of damages. Thus to estimate the damage model uncertainty, a statistical model based on logistic regression analysis is employed, relating meteorological analyses to historical damage records. A quantification of the two individual contributions to the total forecast uncertainty is achieved by neglecting individual uncertainty sources and analysing resulting predictions. Results show an increase in forecast skill if both meteorological and damage occurrence uncertainties are taken into account. It is demonstrated that skilful predictions on district level are possible on lead times of several days. Skill is increased through the application of a proper ensemble calibration method, extending the range of lead times for which skilful damage predictions can be made.
Modelling wave–current interactions off the east coast of Scotland
Authors: Sabatino Alessandro D. , McCaig Chris , O'Hara Murray Rory B. , Heath Michael R.
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Densely populated coastal areas of the North Sea are particularly vulnerable to severe wave conditions, which overtop or damage sea defences leading to dangerous flooding. Around the shallow southern North Sea, where the coastal margin is lying low and population density is high, oceanographic modelling has helped to develop forecasting systems to predict flood risk. However, coastal areas of the deeper northern North Sea are also subject to regular storm damage, but there has been little or no effort to develop coastal wave models for these waters. Here, we present a high spatial resolution model of northeast Scottish coastal waters, simulating waves and the effect of tidal currents on wave propagation, driven by global ocean tides, far-field wave conditions, and local air pressure and wind stress. We show that the wave–current interactions and wave–wave interactions are particularly important for simulating the wave conditions close to the coast at various locations. The model can simulate the extreme conditions experienced when high (spring) tides are combined with sea-level surges and large Atlantic swell. Such a combination of extremes represents a high risk for damaging conditions along the Scottish coast.
Arquitetura da Informação: estudo e análise da base de dados Public Medical (PubMed)
Authors: Sales Odete Máyra Mesquita , Pinto Virginia Bentes , Sousa Marckson Roberto Ferreira de
Published: July 2016

Objetivo. Com base nos princípios propostos por Rosenfeld e Morville (2006), a presente pesquisa examinou a interface da base de dados PubMed, uma vez que uma arquitetura da informação bem estruturada contribui para uma boa usabilidade em qualquer ambiente digital. Método. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa ocorreu mediante utilização de técnicas de levantamento bibliográfico e estudo empírico sobre a análise da arquitetura da informação, com base nos sistemas de organização, navegação, rotulagem e busca recomendados por Rosenfeld e Morville (2006) em prol da usabilidade da base de dados PubMed. Para melhor compreensão e descrição desses princípios, utilizamos a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Resultados. Os resultados evidenciaram que a interface da base de dados atende aos critérios estabelecidos pelos elementos da Arquitetura de Informação, como por exemplo, organização com base em estrutura hipertextual, menu horizontal e local, conteúdo dividido por categorias, a identificação de links ativos, navegação global, breadcrumb, rotulação textual e iconográfica e destaque ao sistema de busca. Conclusões. A presente pesquisa evidenciou que a interface da base de dados PubMed é bem estruturada, amigável e objetiva, com inúmeras possibilidades de busca e recuperação da informação. Entretanto, existe a necessidade da adoção de padrões de acessibilidade neste website, para que ele atinja com maior eficiência o seu propósito de facilitar o acesso a informações organizadas e armazenadas na base de dados PubMed.
Infraestructuras y políticas internacionales de desarrollo para gestión de los datos de investigación
Authors: Corrêa da Silva Fabiano Couto
Published: July 2016

Existen enormes carencias de desarrollo tecnológico para acometer con éxito la tarea de disponer acceso, mediante la investigación y la generación de conocimiento, los datos oriundos de la investigación científica. Han surgido como una respuesta de las instituciones, en especial las académicas, repositorios que sirven para preservar y poner a disposición de su comunidad académica e investigadora, los datos de investigación que hacen parte de su patrimonio intelectual. Por lo tanto, la adopción de formatos de intercambio de datos y padronización de los mecanismos de almacenamiento son necesarias para disponer la ciencia internamente en el país y en nivel internacional. Nuestra investigación constituye un análisis de infraestructuras y políticas de desarrollo para gestión de los datos de investigación teniendo en cuenta los mecanismos adoptados para la gestión de los datos de investigación en nível internacional.
Screening of Gestational Diabetes and Hypertension Among Antenatal Women in Rural West India
Authors: Dave Viral R. , Rana Bhavik M. , Sonaliya Kantibhai N. , Chandwani Suraj J. , Sharma Samkit V. , Khatri Swati O. , Shaikh Khalid M. , Hathiari Farida M.
Published: July 2016

Background: Hypertension and gestational diabetes are among the leading causes of maternal and perinatal mortality, especially in rural areas of developing countries with meager health facilities. With early diagnosis and timely treatment, these adverse events can be decreased. The primary aim of this study was to implement a screening program for gestational diabetes and hypertension, and to assess risk factors associated with these conditions among antenatal women in the rural area of the Gujarat province in India.Methods: A cross–sectional study was conducted at one of the rural areas of Gujarat province in India. Following a random  cluster sampling procedure, the village of Davas was selected. A multistage random sampling method was utilized, resulting in a sample of 346 antenatal women. Screening guidelines from the American Diabetes Association were followed for gestational diabetes screening.Results: The majority of antenatal mothers (55.50%) were between 21-25 years of age. 242 antenatal women were multigravida, and among them, 85.96% had institutional delivery at their last pregnancy. Of the total 346 women, 17.60% were prehypertensive. The prevalence of systolic hypertension was 1.40%, diastolic hypertension was 0.90%, and gestational diabetes was 1.73%.Conclusion: Socioeconomically upper class, a family history of hypertension, and BMI ≥ 25 were strong risk factors for hypertension during pregnancy and gestational diabetes. Health education should be made readily available to antenatal mothers by paramedical workers regarding symptoms of hypertension and gestational diabetes mellitus for early self identification.
Two Poems
Authors: McDermott Donna
Published: July 2016

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Social Sutra: Yoga, identity, and health in New York’s changing neighborhoods
Authors: Biswas P
Published: July 2016

Taking note of the rapid, visible expansion of yoga studios in American cities, this article explores the role of yoga as a social determinant of urban health and yoga’s entanglements with race and class identities. Who are the interpreters of yoga in America, and how has yoga, based on a premise of psychosomatic wholeness, paradoxically served as a prism for refracting social difference? Answers to these questions hold significant implications for the culture of health observed in cities today and possibilities for wellness. Through narrative inquiry, my argument centers on three identities that embody the role of yoga in health: the yoga teacher as healer, the yoga student as seeker of spiritually informed mind-body wellness, and the modern yoga practitioner as consumer of a physically focused, commercialized yoga.A recombination of the identities involved in yoga – healer, seeker, and consumer – can recover the possibilities for yoga to contribute to improved urban health across race and class.
Análise de 10 anos de acidentes com material biológico entre a equipe de enfermagem
Authors: Barros Dayane Xavier de , Tipple Anaclara Ferreira Veiga , Lima Liwcy Keller De Oliveira Lopes , Souza Adenícia Custódia Silva e , Neves Zilah Cândida Pereira das , Salgado Thaís De Arvelos
Published: July 2016

Os objetivos desse estudo foram: identificar o perfil dos acidentes com material biológico dos trabalhadores de enfermagem atendidos em um serviço de referência; caracterizar as condutas pré-exposição e analisar os fatores associados à exposição percutânea. Estudo epidemiológico, retrospectivo e analítico realizado em registros de acidentes envolvendo material biológico no período de 2000 a 2010. O número de acidentes com a equipe de enfermagem foi de 2.569 representando 44,6% do total de registros. Predominaram exposições percutâneas envolvendo agulha com lúmen, sangue, entre técnicos de enfermagem do sexo feminino, nos membros superiores. Ser do sexo feminino e trabalhar fora do município onde se encontra o serviço aumentou cerca de duas vezes a chance de acidentes percutâneos. Os dados consolidam a importância do risco biológico no exercício da enfermagem e apontam para o fato de que os trabalhadores deslocam de seus municípios para o atendimento quando consideram o acidente grave, como os percutâneos.
Assibilated [ř] in Ecuador: Exploring Sociolinguistic Factors among Young Quiteños
Authors: Toapanta Jesus
Published: July 2016

It is extraordinary how extra information such as age, birthplace, education, and social strata is displayed when people talk. Sometimes, it is enough to hear a person to know where that person is from. For instance, the juxtaposition placed on intelligence regarding the southern English dialects in the US:

Gov. Clinton, you attended Oxford University in England and Yale Law School in the Ivy League, two of the fines institutions of learning in the world. So how come you still talk like a hillbilly? (as quoted in Lippi-Green, 1997: 211)

Indeed, language aspects such as prosody, syntax, lexis, and/or pronunciation reveal certain characteristics such as birthplace, age, ethnicity, and social strata, to mention some. In Ecuador, one just needs to hear the interlocutor to know where the person is from or is not from. One peculiar characteristic of the speech of Quiteños in Ecuador is the usage of the Spanish trill [ r ] and/or the assibilated [ ř ]; that is, the intervocalic phone in the Spanish word ‘arroz’ can be realized with a trill [ r ] or an assibilated [ ř ] sound. This variation is allophonic and might make people rank individuals on a social scale, judge them as educated or uneducated, and/or link them to a particular speech community. 

This paper explores some possible extra-linguistic factors such as education, social class, and language domains that may be associated with this allophonic variation in the speech of young Quiteños. Data for this paper was collected through a questionnaire at one relatively large university in Quito-Ecuador and mainly reflects participants’ perception on the usage of these two sounds. 
Male-Female Characters’ Tenor of Discourse in Akachi Ezeigbo’s The Last of the Strong Ones
Authors: Koutchade Innocent Sourou , Mehouenou Severin
Published: July 2016

This article attempts to explore male-female characters’ tenor of discourse in the novel entitled: The Last of the Strong Ones by Akachi Ezeigbo. According to Halliday’s (1978), the tenor of the discourse is the social role relationships played by interactants. It is associated with the grammar of interpersonal meanings which is, in turn, realized through the mood patterns of the grammar. The paper, through the analysis of mood system, modality and vocatives, reveals how male and female characters establish relationships between each other. The tenor of their discourse unveils how women are oppressed by patriarchy on the one hand, as well as how they fight against the system, on the other. From these linguistic choices, the work concludes that there exists an atmosphere of tension, distance, aggression and dominance between some characters of the novel. 
How do Different Designs of Femoral Stem Affect Total Hip Arthroplasty Applied to Crowe Type III and Type IV Dysplastic Hips
Authors: Mutlu Tansel , Çiçek Hakan , Yalçin Nadir , Kiliçarslan Kasim , Tuhanioğlu Ümit
Published: July 2016

Purpose

A comparison was made of the clinical and radiological results of cylindrical fully porous-coated femoral stems (Group A) and Zweymüller-type femoral stems (Group B) used for the treatment of hip osteoathrosis, secondary to Crowe III and IV dysplasia, with total hip arthroplasty combined with femoral transverse shortening osteotomy.

Method

This study is a retrospective evaluation of 86 hips in 50 patients. Group A comprised of 43 hips and Group B comprised of 43 hips. During final follow-up evaluation, patients were clinically assessed with Harris Hip Score (HHS), Merle d'Aubigne-Postel scale (MAP), and SF-36 scale. For radiological examination the Gulman THA score was used. Femoral osteotomy union, osteolysis around the components and component migration were also recorded and evaluated.

Results

In Group B, nonunion of the osteotomy site was found in 18.6% and delayed union in 20.9% of the hips. In Group A, delayed union was found in 7% of the hips. Patients’ mean daily walking distance was found to be lower in Group A when compared to Group B. When the postoperative clinical HSS, and MAP and the radiological Gulman scores were compared, no statistically significant differences (p = 0.275) were found.

Conclusions

Patients with hip osteoarthritis secondary to Crowe III and IV dysplasia, who were treated with THA and transverse osteotomy showed a higher incidence of osteotomy complications when the Zweymüller femoral stem was used. However, these complications did not affect clinical outcomes.
Similar Rate of Infection Eradication for Functional Articulating, Prefabricated and Custom-Made Spacers in 2-Stage Revision of the Infected Total Hip: A Literature Review
Authors: Veltman Ewout S. , Moojen Dirk Jan F , Glehr Mathias , Poolman Rudolf W.
Published: July 2016

Background

2-stage revision with the use of an antibiotic-loaded interval spacer is therapy of choice in late periprosthetic joint infection for most surgeons. For the spacer, either a prefabricated, functional articulating or custom-made spacer can be used. Little is known about which type of spacer provides optimal outcome after 2-stage revision. The aim of this study was to determine which type of spacer provides the best results, when used in 2-stage revision of an infected THA.

Methods

We performed a systematic review of the literature to analyse which type of interval spacer provides highest infection eradication rate and best functional outcome after a minimum 2 year follow-up. Exclusion criteria were follow-up of less than 2 years, single-stage revision, or 2-stage revision without use of a spacer.

Results

25 studies were included. Infection eradication rate was similar with rates of 96%, 93% and 95% for the prefabricated-, functional articulating- and custom-made spacers respectively. Functional outcome was scarcely described. Postoperative HHS was 81, 90 and 83 respectively.

Conclusions

Functional articulating spacers achieve a comparable rate of infection eradication in the treatment of periprosthetic hip joint infections as compared to preformed or custom-made antibiotic-loaded spacers. There is insufficient evidence concerning rehabilitation and functional outcome after 2-stage revision hip arthroplasty to advocate or discourage the use of either kind of interval spacer.
Vascular Access Scenario in Italy: Evolution and Comparison by Two Surveys (1998-2013)
Authors: Bonucchi Decenzio , Palmieri Lucia , Arletti Silvia , Cappelli Gianni , Lomonte Carlo , Lodi Massimo , Meola Mario , Spina Monica , Napoli Marcello
Published: July 2016

Purpose

Dialysis settings have generally improved over the last decades, but the vascular access setting did not see significant advances and experienced a progressive worsening in epidemiology and clinical features. The aim of the study was to describe and compare evolution of vascular access in Italy over time.

Methods

A national survey implemented in Italy last year is presented and compared to a previous survey performed in 1998. Present survey collected data from almost 50% of centers involved in vascular access.

Results

The nephrologist participates in the management of vascular access in 97% of centers. Almost 40% of centers declare more than 40% of central venous catheters (CVCs) at first dialysis with maximum value being 60%. Prevalence of CVCs is greater than 20% in chronic prevalent patients in 38.8% of centers. According to the 2013 survey, CVCs account for 51.6% of procedures, while arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) and prostheses represent 42.4% and 6%, respectively. Nephrologists perform 73% of procedures on CVCs. From 1998 to 2013, a sharp increase in CVC prevalence was seen, in both incident and prevalent dialysis patients. This activity, mostly due to CVC management, is almost completely carried by nephrologists.

Discussion

The variability in CVC utilization among centers suggests the lack of a shared policy in patients and access coupling. Quantitative criteria should be used to reduce inappropriate strategy in vascular access creation. Since this activity in Italy is organized at a local level without a shared organizational model, we should inquire whether a system managed so well in the past should now be rebuilt on the model of organ transplantation.
Del pasado al futuro: Anotaciones feministas para una ciencia democrática
Authors: Magallón Portolés Carmen
Published: July 2016

Carmen Magallón realiza en este importante artículo un breve análisis sobre el aporte que las mujeres han brindado en la historia de la ciencia. Señala que en la educación y en la práctica, conocer al pasado y transmitirlo es una actividad poco valorada.Es a través de la historia donde se puede aprender a valorar la influencia de los factores sociales en el conocimiento, a conocer las circunstancias que favorecieron la participación o la exclusión de los distintos grupos humanos en el desarrollo científico. Las mujeres científicas han sido mucho más de lo que imaginamos, a pesar de los obstáculos que prohibían su participación en las instituciones de la ciencia.
El problema filosófico en “Lo Fatal” de Rubén Darío
Authors: Lovo Anastasio
Published: July 2016

En los últimos días se ha puesto de moda atacar a Rubén Darío. Es más, me atrevería a decir que es una moda que nunca ha pasado de moda. Siempre hay una inquina, un reconcomio, una envidia especial en contra del Gran Capitán de la poesía en lengua española. Qué Darío era racista, que Darío era fascista, que Darío era gay, que Darío era copista, que no tiene nada de original, entre otras. Aunque Darío no necesita que lo defienda pues su obra  literaria es su mayor e imbatible defensa, vale la pena seguir las huellas dejada por el Maestro Don Luis Alberto Cabrales, quien escribiera un espléndido ensayo que tituló: Provincialismo contra Rubén Darío.Cultura de Paz, Vol.22 No.68 Enero-Abril, 2016: 27-30
EDITORIAL
Authors: Editorial Editorial
Published: July 2016

Editorial
Temas emergentes da etnomusicologia brasileira e seus compromissos sociais
Authors: Lühning Angela
Published: July 2016

Este artigo centra-se nos os desafios recentes em etnomusicologia brasileira, analisando a trajetória histórica e representação geográfica da disciplina em relação à situação em alguns países do hemisfério norte. Esta situação atual da etnomusicologia brasileira explica questões como o seu compromisso social, a relação com as políticas públicas e proximidade com as discussões sobre educação e identidade cultural.
Ritmos Diatónicos – isomorfismos entre los patrones rítmicos y de alturas, ¿naturalidad o arbitrariedad?
Authors: Corrêa Antenor Ferreira , Vásquez Edwin Pitre
Published: July 2016

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo verificar las posibles determinantes que conducen a escoger patrones rítmicos característicos. Estos patrones rítmicos forman y diferencian los diversos géneros musicales de las diferentes culturas. Partimos de la hipótesis que la constitución de un patrón rítmico, no es un proceso aleatorio, y si resultante de la junción entre lo que se escoge como más expresivo de los valores del grupo que las aplica, asociado a un factor condicionante: el grado de complejidad de ese grupo. Los resultados, todavía iniciales, ya indican que el proceso de génesis de los géneros musicales no es natural, pero también no es del todo arbitrario, una vez que presenta la existencia de orientaciones funcionales en el empleo de los componentes estructurales del lenguaje musical
“Canta quem sabe cantar”: processos performativos na arte da embolada
Authors: Souza Santos Eurides de , Santos Barbosa Katiusca Lamara dos
Published: July 2016

O presente artigo trata dos processos performativos na arte da embolada. Partindo da análise do coco-de-embolada “o carão”, de autoria dupla de coquistas paraibanas Terezinha e Lindalva, destacamos alguns elementos que consideramos cruciais para o êxito da performance. São eles: as sistematizações e improvisos da palavra cantada, o acompanhamento instrumental e a ideia de “encantamento” envolvendo coquistas e audiência.  A metodologia se pauta na pesquisa bibliográfica, buscando dialogar com estudos desenvolvidos por Andrade (2002), Vilela (1980), Cascudo (1984), Pimentel (2004), Travassos (2001), entre outros; bem como em  análises de obras gravadas. Concluímos que esses processos performativos contribuem tanto para o êxito da performance das coquistas quanto para a manutenção da tradição dos emboladores.
Ouvir a música como uma experiência imprescindível para se fazer musicologia
Authors: Vilela Ivan
Published: July 2016

O presente artigo reafirma a importância de se trabalhar com as fontes primárias quando se pode ter acesso a elas em uma pesquisa musicológica. Partindo de uma diferenciação postulada por Jorge Larrosa Bondía onde a informação sempre se encontra em oposição à experiência, a informação nos nutre e a experiência nos perpassa. Quem possui a informação não busca a experiência. Atualmente uma parte expressiva dos artigos sobre musicologia tem sido construído a partir da leitura de textos e não da audição das músicas em foco perpetuando, muitas vezes, equívocos das visões dos que primeiro escreveram. A partir do ouvir música aponta-se como é possível percebermos muitas das mudanças ocorridas no seio da MPB ao longo das décadas, mas que nunca foram sequer citadas. A atitude de não se trabalhar com as fontes primárias ajuda na perpetuação de cânones uma vez que sempre se reafirmam, nos textos, visões sobre temas que muito já foram debatidos. Assim, a música do cinema estadunidense nos anos 1940, a bossa nova, o samba, a canção de protesto, o clube da esquina quando pesquisadas em suas fontes primárias podem nos apontar novos caminhos.
Sobre os autores
Authors: Dudeque Norton
Published: July 2016

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AVALIAÇÃO DE PERDAS NA PULVERIZAÇÃO DE AGROTÓXICOS NA CULTURA DO FEIJÃO
Authors: CHAIM ALDEMIR , VALARINI PEDRO JOSÉ , PIO LUIZ CESAR
Published: July 2016

Mediu-se a eficiência da deposição proporcionada pela pulverização hidráulica de agrotóxicos, na cultura do feijão com desenvolvimento foliar máximo, comparando-se dois tipos de bicos de pulverizador. Para amostrar a deposição nas plantas foram utilizados cartões de papel mata-borrão, dispostos no topo e nas regiões mediana e basal das plantas. Usou-se fungicida cúprico, como traçador, determinando-se o teor de cobre das amostras e da calda por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica. A perda de agrotóxico aplicado na cultura do feijão ficou em torno de 77% e a deriva foi a maior componente deste desperdício, representando 59% do total aplicado. A velocidade do vento, associada com característica intrínsecas da técnica de aplicação utilizada e a densidade foliar da cultura foram os fatores que mais contribuíram par ao desperdício de agrotóxico. Não houve diferença significativa entre os bicos testados. mas a deposição nas plantas apresentou-se decrescente do topo para região basal.