bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Helden(–bilder) als emotionale Unterstützung in der Kunsttherapie mit Kindern und Jugendlichen im Kontext lebensbedrohlicher Erkrankungen
Authors: Steiert Alexandra
Published: April 2016

Zusammenfassung. Zielsetzung: In der kunsttherapeutischen Arbeit mit Kindern und Jugendlichen im Kontext lebensbedrohlicher Erkrankungen tauchen Heldenfiguren und -geschichten auf unterschiedlichste Weise immer wieder auf. Aufgrund ihrer förderlichen Potenziale für die allgemeine kindliche Entwicklung wird Helden und Heldinnen eine positive Wirkung auch auf die Krankheitsverarbeitung zugesprochen, insbesondere auf den Umgang mit Emotionen. Hauptziel der vorliegenden Studie an einer Nachsorgeklinik ist es zu untersuchen, ob Kinder und Jugendliche, die Erfahrung mit einer lebensbedrohlichen Erkrankung gemacht haben, Auffälligkeiten in ihrem Emotionsregulationsverhalten vorweisen. Die Untersuchung soll weiter klären, ob und wie oft Kinder und Jugendliche in der Kunsttherapie auf persönliche Helden(–bilder) zurückgreifen, und welche Materialien sie für deren gestalterischen Ausdruck verwenden. Methodik: An der Studie nahmen neun Kinder und Jugendliche teil. Sie wurden in der Kunsttherapie individuell begleitet. Dokumentiert wurde mit Hilfe von DoKuPro ( Neuwirth, Knöbel, Krilles-Mayr & Elbing, 2010 ) und einer Bildanalyse/-diagnostik in Anlehnung an Reichelts maltherapeutisches Interaktionsmodell ( Reichelt, 2008 ). Das Emotionsregulationsverhalten der PatientInnen wurde durch einen standardisierten Fragebogen (FEEL-KJ; Grob & Smolenski, 2009 ) erfasst. Ergebnisse: Bei den Kindern und Jugendlichen konnte insgesamt eine signifikant erhöhte Auffälligkeit in Bezug auf den Einsatz bestimmter Emotionsregulationsstrategien festgestellt werden. Beachtenswerte Häufigkeitswerte ergaben sich für das Vorkommen von Helden und für den Materialgebrauchs in den Therapiesitzungen, insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit den Medien Trickfilm, Comic und plastischen Materialien.
Diagnostische Potenziale der Kunsttherapie bei Autismus
Authors: Sanmann Christian
Published: April 2016

Zusammenfassung. In dem Beitrag werden die diagnostischen Potenziale kunsttherapeutischer Arbeit für autistische Störungen herausgestellt, die im Rahmen einer qualitativen Einzelfallstudie in der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie untersucht wurden. Das besondere Augenmerk richtete sich dabei auf die genauere Klärung der Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer angemessenen „diagnostischen“ Analyse künstlerischer Werke. Parallel wurden typische Merkmale (inhaltlich und formal) in den bildnerischen Werken beschrieben, die mit den Auffassungen zu autistischen Störungen in Zusammenhang gebracht wurden. Als methodisches Instrument dafür wurde die Expertenvalidierung verwendet. Die Ergebnisse verweisen auf Potenziale interpretativer Diagnostik, die in der Kunsttherapie empirisch weiter zu untersuchen sind. Es wird begründet, weshalb es sich lohnt, diese als spezifisch qualitativen Zugang zu verstehen und ergänzend in einen umfassenderen diagnostischen Gesamtprozess einzubringen.
Kunsttherapie mit chronisch herzkranken Kindern
Authors: Kortum Ria
Published: April 2016

Zusammenfassung. Vorgestellt wird eine mehrdimensionale Untersuchung zur Kunsttherapie mit chronisch herzerkrankten Kindern (5 – 15 Jahre) im ambulanten Setting. Diese war darauf ausgerichtet ein kunsttherapeutisches Behandlungsmodell zur Ressourcenförderung und Krankheitsbewältigung für diese Zielgruppe zu entwickeln und zu evaluieren. In der Untersuchung wurden verschiedene Methoden kombiniert: Anhand von Videoaufzeichnung und bildnerischen Gestaltungen der Kinder wurden einzelne Prozessverläufe dokumentiert, die in Interviews mit Eltern und Kindern gemeinsam reflektiert wurden. Abschließend wurden die Ergebnisse qualitativ computergestützt (atlas.ti) ausgewertet. Der Fokus lag auf der Auswertungen des Ausdrucks- und Prozessverhaltens der Kinder, um vor allem besondere Phänomene und Veränderungen hinsichtlich von Belastungsfaktoren und Ressourcen genauer erfassen zu können. Ergänzend wurden ein Fragebogen zur gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität (KINDL-R) und ein Menschzeichentest zur Analyse von Entwicklungs- und Persönlichkeitsfaktoren (ZEM) eingesetzt. Einzelne Verlaufsanalysen belegen, dass die Kunsttherapie insbesondere der Emotionsregulierung dient, Entlastung bietet, soziale Kompetenzen sowie künstlerisch-kreative Fähigkeiten fördert und gleichzeitig den Rückgang negativer Stimmungen und Selbstunsicherheiten begünstigt.
miR-3188 regulates nasopharyngeal carcinoma proliferation and chemosensitivity through a FOXO1-modulated positive feedback loop with mTOR–p-PI3K/AKT-c-JUN
Authors: Zhao Mengyang , Luo Rongcheng , Liu Yiyi , Gao Linyuan , Fu Zhaojian , Fu Qiaofen , Luo Xiaojun , Chen Yiyu , Deng Xiaojie , Liang Zixi , Li Xin , Cheng Chao , Liu Zhen , Fang Weiyi
Published: April 2016

The biological role of miR-3188 has not yet been reported in the context of cancer. In this study, we observe that miR-3188 not only reduces cell-cycle transition and proliferation, but also significantly prolongs the survival time of tumour-bearing mice as well as sensitizes cells to 5-FU. Mechanistic analyses indicate that miR-3188 directly targets mTOR to inactivate p-PI3K/p-AKT/c-JUN and induces its own expression. This feedback loop further suppresses cell-cycle signalling through the p-PI3K/p-AKT/p-mTOR pathway. Interestingly, we also observe that miR-3188 direct targeting of mTOR is mediated by FOXO1 suppression of p-PI3K/p-AKT/c-JUN signalling. In clinical samples, reduced miR-3188 is an unfavourable factor and negatively correlates with mTOR and c-JUN levels but positively correlates with FOXO1 expression. Our studies demonstrate that as a tumour suppressor, miR-3188 directly targets mTOR to stimulate its own expression and participates in FOXO1-mediated repression of cell growth, tumorigenesis and NPC chemotherapy resistance.
Identification of pyrazolopyridazinones as PDEδ inhibitors
Authors: Papke Björn , Murarka Sandip , Vogel Holger A , Martín-Gago Pablo , Kovacevic Marija , Truxius Dina C , Fansa Eyad K , Ismail Shehab , Zimmermann Gunther , Heinelt Kaatje , Schultz-Fademrecht Carsten , Al Saabi Alaa , Baumann Matthias , Nussbaumer Peter , Wittinghofer Alfred , Waldmann Herbert , Bastiaens Philippe I.H.
Published: April 2016

The prenyl-binding protein PDEδ is crucial for the plasma membrane localization of prenylated Ras. Recently, we have reported that the small-molecule Deltarasin binds to the prenyl-binding pocket of PDEδ, and impairs Ras enrichment at the plasma membrane, thereby affecting the proliferation of KRas-dependent human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines. Here, using structure-based compound design, we have now identified pyrazolopyridazinones as a novel, unrelated chemotype that binds to the prenyl-binding pocket of PDEδ with high affinity, thereby displacing prenylated Ras proteins in cells. Our results show that the new PDEδ inhibitor, named Deltazinone 1, is highly selective, exhibits less unspecific cytotoxicity than the previously reported Deltarasin and demonstrates a high correlation with the phenotypic effect of PDEδ knockdown in a set of human pancreatic cancer cell lines.
Correction: Corrigendum: Emerging roles of ARHGAP33 in intracellular trafficking of TrkB and pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: Nakazawa Takanobu , Hashimoto Ryota , Sakoori Kazuto , Sugaya Yuki , Tanimura Asami , Hashimotodani Yuki , Ohi Kazutaka , Yamamori Hidenaga , Yasuda Yuka , Umeda-Yano Satomi , Kiyama Yuji , Konno Kohtarou , Inoue Takeshi , Yokoyama Kazumasa , Inoue Takafumi , Numata Shusuke , Ohnuma Tohru , Iwata Nakao , Ozaki Norio , Hashimoto Hitoshi , Watanabe Masahiko , Manabe Toshiya , Yamamoto Tadashi , Takeda Masatoshi , Kano Masanobu
Published: April 2016

Nature Communications 7: Article number:10594 (2016); Published: 03 February 2016; Updated: 20 April 2016 Previous work by Rosário et al. 2007 and Schuster et al. 2015 describing the role of ARHGAP33 in regulating dendrite and dendritic spine development, as well as neuropsychiatric disorder-relatedbehaviours in developing and adult mice, was inadvertently omitted from the reference list of this Article and should have been cited as follows.
Erratum: New insights into the mechanism of substrates trafficking in Glyoxylate/Hydroxypyruvate reductases
Authors: Lassalle Louise , Engilberge Sylvain , Madern Dominique , Vauclare Pierre , Franzetti Bruno , Girard Eric
Published: April 2016

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 20629; published online: 11 February 2016; updated: 20 April 2016. The original version of this Article contained errors in the Received ‘7 October 2015’ and Accepted dates ’06 January 2016’ which were incorrectly given as ‘10 July 2015’ and ‘01 June 2016’ respectively.
Erratum: Scarce evidence of the causal role of germline mutations in UNC5C in hereditary colorectal cancer and polyposis
Authors: Mur Pilar , Sánchez-Cuartielles Elena , Aussó Susanna , Aiza Gemma , Valdés-Mas Rafael , Pineda Marta , Navarro Matilde , Brunet Joan , Urioste Miguel , Lázaro Conxi , Moreno Victor , Capellá Gabriel , Puente Xose S. , Valle Laura
Published: April 2016

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 20697; published online: 08 February 2016; updated: 20 April 2016. The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Elena Sánchez-Cuartielles and Rafael Valdés-Mas which were incorrectly given as Sánchez-Cuartielles Elena and Valdés-Mas Rafael respectively.
Erratum: Acoustic resolution photoacoustic Doppler velocimetry in blood-mimicking fluids
Authors: Brunker Joanna , Beard Paul
Published: April 2016

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 20902; published online: 19 February 2016; updated: 20 April 2016. The original version of this Article contained errors. In the Introduction section, “This time correlation AR-PAF approach has previously been shown to provide a high level of quantitative accuracy (<1%) when using a solid moving phantom comprising a distribution of micron-scale absorbing features printed on to a polymer sheet19.
Correction: Corrigendum: Enhancement of artificial magnetism via resonant bianisotropy
Authors: Markovich Dmitry , Baryshnikova Kseniia , Shalin Alexander , Samusev Anton , Krasnok Alexander , Belov Pavel , Ginzburg Pavel
Published: April 2016

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 22546; published online: 04 March 2016; updated: 20 April 2016. The Acknowledgements section in this Article is incomplete. “This work has been supported by the Russian Fund for Basic Research within the project 16-52-00112. The calculations of multipole momentsand fields has been supported by the Russian Science Foundation Grant No.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the IQD gene family in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis)
Authors: Wu Min , Li Yuan , Chen Danmei , Liu Huanlong , Zhu Dongyue , Xiang Yan
Published: April 2016

Members of the plant-specific IQ67-domain (IQD) protein family are involved in various aspects of normal plant growth and developmental processes as well as basal defence response. Although hundreds of IQD proteins have been identified, only a small number of IQDs have been functionally characterized. Moreover, no systematic study has been performed on moso bamboo. In this study, we performed for the first time a genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the IQD gene family in moso bamboo. We identified 29 non-redundantPeIQDencoding genes. Analysis of the evolutionary patterns and divergence revealed that the IQD genes underwent a large-scale event around 12 million years ago and the division times of IQD family genes between moso bamboo and rice, and, between moso bamboo andBrachypodium, were found to be 20–35 MYA and 25–40 MYA, respectively. We surveyed the putative promoter regions of thePeIQDgenes, which showed that largely stress-relatedcis-elements existed in these genes. The expression profiles of the IQD genes shed light on their functional divergence. Additionally, a yeast two-hybrid assay proved thatPeIQD8can interact withPeCaM2and that IQ or I in the IQ motif is required forPeIQD8to combine with CaM2.
Are viruses important in the plankton of highly turbid glacier-fed lakes?
Authors: Drewes Fabian , Peter Hannes , Sommaruga Ruben
Published: April 2016

Viruses are ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems where they significantly contribute to microbial mortality. In glacier-fed turbid lakes, however, viruses not only encounter low host abundances, but also a high number of suspended mineral particles introduced by glacier meltwaters. We hypothesized that these particles potentially lead to unspecific adsorption and removal of free virus from the plankton, and thus significantly reduce their abundance in this type of lake. We followed the distribution of free virus-like particles (VLP) during the ice-free season across a turbidity gradient in four alpine lakes including one adjacent clear system where hydrological connectivity to the receding glacier is already lost. In the glacier-fed turbid lakes, VLP abundance increased with distance to the glacier, but the highest numbers were observed in the clear lake by the end of August, coinciding with the maximum in prokaryotic abundance. Our results suggest that viral loss by attachment to particles is less important than expected. Nevertheless, the relatively lower variability in VLP abundance and the lower virus-to-prokaryote ratio found in the turbid lakes than in the clear one point to a rather low temporal turnover and thus, to a reduced impact on microbial communities.
Testing the causality between CYP9M10 and pyrethroid resistance using the TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 technologies
Authors: Itokawa Kentaro , Komagata Osamu , Kasai Shinji , Ogawa Kohei , Tomita Takashi
Published: April 2016

Recently-emerging genome editing technologies have enabled targeted gene knockout experiments even in non-model insect species. For studies on insecticide resistance, genome editing technologies offer some advantages over the conventional reverse genetic technique, RNA interference, for testing causal relationships between genes of detoxifying enzymes and resistance phenotypes. There were relatively abundant evidences indicating that the overexpression of a cytochrome P450 gene CYP9M10 confers strong pyrethroid resistance in larvae of the southern house mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. However, reverse genetic verification has not yet been obtained because of the technical difficulty of microinjection into larvae. Here, we tested two genome editing technologies, transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN)s and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas9), to disrupt CYP9M10 in a resistant strain of C. quinquefasciatus. Additionally, we developed a novel, effective approach to construct a TALE using the chemical cleavage of phosphorothioate inter-nucleotide linkages in the level 1 assembly. Both TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 induced frame-shifting mutations in one or all copies of CYP9M10 in a pyrethroid-resistant strain. A line fixed with a completely disrupted CYP9M10 haplotype showed more than 100-fold reduction in pyrethroid resistance in the larval stage.
Analyses of Endothelial Cells and Endothelial Progenitor Cells Released Microvesicles by Using Microbead and Q-dot Based Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
Authors: Wang Jinju , Zhong Yun , Ma Xiaotang , Xiao Xiang , Cheng Chuanfang , Chen Yusen , Iwuchukwu Ifeanyi , Gaines Kenneth J. , Bin Zhao  , Liu Shiming , Travers Jeffrey B. , Bihl Ji C. , Chen Yanfang
Published: April 2016

Accurate analysis of specific microvesicles (MVs) from biofluids is critical and challenging. Here we described novel methods to purify and detect MVs shed from endothelial cells (ECs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) by combining microbeads with fluorescence quantum dots (Q-dots) coupled nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). In the in vitro screening systems, we demonstrated that 1) anti-CD105 (EC marker) and anti-CD34 (EPC marker) conjugated-microbeads had the highest sensitivity and specificity for isolating respective MVs, which were confirmed with negative controls, CD41 and CD235a; 2) anti-CD144 (EC marker) and anti-KDR (EPC marker) conjugated-Q-dots exhibited the best sensitivity and specificity for their respective MV NTA detection, which were confirmed with positive control, anti-Annexin V (MV universal marker). The methods were further validated by their ability to efficiently recover the known amount of EC-MVs and EPC-MVs from particle-depleted plasma and to detect the dynamical changes of plasma MVs in ischemic stroke patients, as compared with traditional flow cytometry. These novel methods provide ideal approaches for functional analysis and biomarker discovery of ECs- and EPCs- derived MVs.
Structural characterization of recombinant IAV polymerase reveals a stable complex between viral PA-PB1 heterodimer and host RanBP5
Authors: Swale Christopher , Monod Alexandre , Tengo Laura , Labaronne Alice , Garzoni Frédéric , Bourhis Jean-Marie , Cusack Stephen , Schoehn Guy , Berger Imre , Ruigrok Rob WH , Crépin Thibaut
Published: April 2016

The genome of influenza A virus (IAV) comprises eight RNA segments (vRNA) which are transcribed and replicated by the heterotrimeric IAV RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp). RdRp consists of three subunits (PA, PB1 and PB2) and binds both the highly conserved 3′- and 5′-ends of the vRNA segment. The IAV RdRp is an important antiviral target, but its structural mechanism has remained largely elusive to date. By applying a polyprotein strategy, we produced RdRp complexes and define a minimal human IAV RdRp core complex. We show that PA-PB1 forms a stable heterodimeric submodule that can strongly interact with 5′-vRNA. In contrast, 3′-vRNA recognition critically depends on the PB2 N-terminal domain. Moreover, we demonstrate that PA-PB1 forms a stable and stoichiometric complex with host nuclear import factor RanBP5 that can be modelled using SAXS and we show that the PA-PB1-RanPB5 complex is no longer capable of 5′-vRNA binding. Our results provide further evidence for a step-wise assembly of IAV structural components, regulated by nuclear transport mechanisms and host factor binding.
Improved Anatomical Specificity of Non-invasive Neuro-stimulation by High Frequency (5 MHz) Ultrasound
Authors: Li Guo-Feng , Zhao Hui-Xia , Zhou Hui , Yan Fei , Wang Jing-Yao , Xu Chang-Xi , Wang Cong-Zhi , Niu Li-Li , Meng Long , Wu Song , Zhang Huai-Ling , Qiu Wei-Bao , Zheng Hai-Rong
Published: April 2016

Low frequency ultrasound (<1 MHz) has been demonstrated to be a promising approach for non-invasive neuro-stimulation. However, the focal width is limited to be half centimeter scale. Minimizing the stimulation region with higher frequency ultrasound will provide a great opportunity to expand its application. This study first time examines the feasibility of using high frequency (5 MHz) ultrasound to achieve neuro-stimulation in brain and verifies the anatomical specificity of neuro-stimulation in vivo. 1 MHz and 5 MHz ultrasound stimulation were evaluated in the same group of mice. Electromyography (EMG) collected from tail muscles together with the motion response videos were analyzed for evaluating the stimulation effects. Our results indicate that 5 MHz ultrasound can successfully achieve neuro-stimulation. The equivalent diameter (ED) of the stimulation region with 5 MHz ultrasound (0.29 ± 0.08 mm) is significantly smaller than that with 1 MHz (0.83 ± 0.11 mm). The response latency of 5 MHz ultrasound (45 ± 31 ms) is also shorter than that of 1 MHz ultrasound (208 ± 111 ms). Consequently, high frequency (5 MHz) ultrasound can successfully activate the brain circuits in mice. It provides a smaller stimulation region, which offers improved anatomical specificity for neuro-stimulation in a non-invasive manner.
Neuronal basis of perceptual learning in striate cortex
Authors: Ren Zhen , Zhou Jiawei , Yao Zhimo , Wang Zhengchun , Yuan Nini , Xu Guangwei , Wang Xuan , Zhang Bing , Hess Robert F. , Zhou Yifeng
Published: April 2016

It is well known that, in humans, contrast sensitivity training at high spatial frequency (SF) not only leads to contrast sensitivity improvement, but also results in an improvement in visual acuity as assessed with gratings (direct effect) or letters (transfer effect). However, the underlying neural mechanisms of this high spatial frequency training improvement remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we examined four properties of neurons in primary visual cortex (area 17) of adult cats that exhibited significantly improved acuity after contrast sensitivity training with a high spatial frequency grating and those of untrained control cats. We found no difference in neuronal contrast sensitivity or tuning width (Width) between the trained and untrained cats. However, the trained cats showed a displacement of the cells’ optimal spatial frequency (OSF) to higher spatial frequencies as well as a larger neuronal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Furthermore, both the neuronal differences in OSF and SNR were significantly correlated with the improvement of acuity measured behaviorally. These results suggest that striate neurons might mediate the perceptual learning-induced improvement for high spatial frequency stimuli by an alteration in their spatial frequency representation and by an increased SNR.
The noisy voter model on complex networks
Authors: Carro Adrián , Toral Raúl , San Miguel Maxi
Published: April 2016

We propose a new analytical method to study stochastic, binary-state models on complex networks. Moving beyond the usual mean-field theories, this alternative approach is based on the introduction of an annealed approximation for uncorrelated networks, allowing to deal with the network structure as parametric heterogeneity. As an illustration, we study the noisy voter model, a modification of the original voter model including random changes of state. The proposed method is able to unfold the dependence of the model not only on the mean degree (the mean-field prediction) but also on more complex averages over the degree distribution. In particular, we find that the degree heterogeneity—variance of the underlying degree distribution—has a strong influence on the location of the critical point of a noise-induced, finite-size transition occurring in the model, on the local ordering of the system and on the functional form of its temporal correlations. Finally, we show how this latter point opens the possibility of inferring the degree heterogeneity of the underlying network by observing only the aggregate behavior of the system as a whole, an issue of interest for systems where only macroscopic, population level variables can be measured.
Isolation and molecular characterisation of Achromobacter phage phiAxp-3, an N4-like bacteriophage
Authors: Ma Yanyan , Li Erna , Qi Zhizhen , Li Huan , Wei Xiao , Lin Weishi , Zhao Ruixiang , Jiang Aimin , Yang Huiying , Yin Zhe , Yuan Jing , Zhao Xiangna
Published: April 2016

Achromobacter xylosoxidans, an opportunistic pathogen, is responsible for various nosocomial and community-acquired infections. We isolated phiAxp-3, an N4-like bacteriophage that infects A. xylosoxidans, from hospital waste and studied its genomic and biological properties. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that, with a 67-nm diameter icosahedral head and a 20-nm non-contractile tail, phiAxp-3 has features characteristic of Podoviridae bacteriophages (order Caudovirales). With a burst size of 9000 plaque-forming units and a latent period of 80 min, phiAxp-3 had a host range limited to only four A. xylosoxidans strains of the 35 strains that were tested. The 72,825 bp phiAxp-3 DNA genome, with 416-bp terminal redundant ends, contains 80 predicted open reading frames, none of which are related to virulence or drug resistance. Genome sequence comparisons place phiAxp-3 more closely with JWAlpha and JWDelta Achromobacter phages than with other N4 viruses. Using proteomics, we identified 25 viral proteins from purified phiAxp-3 particles. Notably, investigation of the phage phiAxp-3 receptor on the surface of the host cell revealed that lipopolysaccharide serves as the receptor for the adsorption of phage phiAxp-3. Our findings advance current knowledge about A. xylosoxidans phages in an age where alternative therapies to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria are urgently needed.
Microbial metabolite butyrate facilitates M2 macrophage polarization and function
Authors: Ji Jian , Shu Dingming , Zheng Mingzhu , Wang Jie , Luo Chenglong , Wang Yan , Guo Fuyou , Zou Xian , Lv Xiaohui , Li Ying , Liu Tianfei , Qu Hao
Published: April 2016

Metabolites from intestinal microbes modulate the mucosal immune system by regulating the polarization and expansion of T cells. Whether the microbial metabolites influence macrophage polarization, however, is poorly understood. Here, we show that the large bowel microbial fermentation product, butyrate, facilitates M2 macrophage polarization, in vitro and in vivo. The supernatant from butyrate-treated M2 macrophage increased the migration and enhanced the wound closure rate of MLE-12 cells. Butyrate attenuated intestinal inflammation in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, with a significant increase in colonic expression of the M2 macrophage-associated protein, Arg1. M2 macrophage treated with butyrate, had increased activation of the H3K9/STAT6 signaling pathway, suggesting a mechanism for butyrate facilitated M2 macrophage polarization. Collectively, our study indicated that commensal microbe-derived butyrate is a novel activator of STAT6-mediated transcription through H3K9 acetylation driving M2 macrophage polarization and delineated new insights into the immune interplay underlying inflammatory bowel disease.
Shape-controlled synthesis of Au–Pd bimetallic nanocrystals for catalytic applications
Authors: Zhang Lei , Xie Zhaoxiong , Gong Jinlong
Published: April 2016

This review describes recent progress in the design and synthesis of shape-controlled Au–Pd bimetallic NCs and their emerging catalytic applications.
Polymorphic study and anti-inflammatory activity of a 3-cyano-2-pyridone based flexible model
Authors: Rai Sunil K. , Singh Praveen , Khanam Shaziya , Tewari Ashish K.
Published: April 2016

A polymorphic interpretation and biological evaluation of 2-{3-[3-cyano-6-methyl-2-oxo-4-phenylpyridin-1(2H)-yl]propoxy}-4-methyl-6-phenylnicotinonitrile (2) have been performed in this study.
Aluminium foil as a single-use substrate for MALDI-MS fingerprinting of different melanoma cell lines
Authors: Bondarenko A. , Zhu Y. , Qiao L. , Cortés Salazar F. , Pick H. , Girault H. H.
Published: April 2016

Herein, we present the intact cell matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) for the fingerprinting of human melanoma cancer cell lines grown on aluminium foil.
Cooperative hydrogen-bonding of the adenine–thymine pair as a strategy for lowering the limit of detection of thymine by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Mamián-López Mónica B. , Corio Paola , Temperini Marcia L. A.
Published: April 2016

The formation of cooperative hydrogen bonds between the thymine–adenine pair was used to indirectly determine thymine by SERS, improving the limit of detection values up to two orders of magnitude.
Size-dependent modulation of graphene oxide–aptamer interactions for an amplified fluorescence-based detection of aflatoxin B1 with a tunable dynamic range
Authors: Zhang JingJing , Li Zengmei , Zhao Shancang , Lu Yi
Published: April 2016

Size-dependent modulation of graphene oxide–aptamer interactions was investigated for amplified fluorescence detection of aflatoxin B1 with a tunable dynamic range.
Luminescent AuNPs@Tb/adenosine monophosphate nanostructures for 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid detection
Authors: Zeng Mulan , Liu Fenfen , Hu Dongqin , Hao Juan , Li Ping , Wang Li , Huang Zhenzhong , Song Yonghai
Published: April 2016

Novel luminescent Au nanoparticles (AuNPs)@Tb/adenosine monophosphate (AMP) NCP nanocomposites have been synthesized by encapsulating AMP-functionalized AuNPs into Tb/AMP NCPs for the detection of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid.
Small-pore driven high capacitance in a hierarchical carbon via carbonization of Ni-MOF-74 at low temperatures
Authors: Carrasco J. A. , Romero J. , Abellán G. , Hernández-Saz J. , Molina S. I. , Martí-Gastaldo C. , Coronado E.
Published: April 2016

Low temperature carbonization of Ni-MOF-74 yields carbon with high specific capacitance linked to the presence of very small micropores.
Hydrostatic pressure effect on charge transport properties of phenacene organic semiconductors
Authors: Nguyen Thao P. , Shim Ji Hoon
Published: April 2016

A detailed DFT study on the effect of applied pressure on the hole and electron mobility of phenacene organic semiconductors using Marcus classical charge transfer theory.
Determination of Kamlet–Taft parameters for selected solvate ionic liquids
Authors: Eyckens Daniel J. , Demir Baris , Walsh Tiffany R. , Welton Tom , Henderson Luke C.
Published: April 2016

The normalised polarity ENT and Kamlet–Taft parameters of recently described solvate ionic liquids, composed of lithium bis(trifluoromethyl)sulfonimide (LiTFSI) in tri- (G3TFSI) or tetraglyme (G4TFSI) have been determined and compared to the parent glyme (G3 and G4).
Trimethylsilyl functionalization of alumina (γ-Al2O3) increases activity for 1,2-propanediol dehydration
Authors: Ellis L. D. , Pylypenko S. , Ayotte S. R. , Schwartz D. K. , Medlin J. W.
Published: April 2016

Trimethylsilyl prevents strong binding of 1,2-propanediol and increases dehydration activity on γ-Al2O3.
Polypyrrole/cobalt ferrite/multiwalled carbon nanotubes as an adsorbent for removing uranium ions from aqueous solutions
Authors: Liu Qi , Zhu Jiahui , Tan Lichao , Jing Xiaoyan , Liu Jingyuan , Song Dalei , Zhang Hongsen , Li Rumin , Emelchenko G. A. , Wang Jun
Published: April 2016

A novel rod-like, dual-shell structural adsorbent of polypyrrole/cobalt ferrite/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PPy/CoFe2O4/MWCNTs) was successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method, which could easily separate uranium(vi) ions with an external magnetic field.
Thermodynamic description of Tc(iv) solubility and hydrolysis in dilute to concentrated NaCl, MgCl2and CaCl2solutions
Authors: Yalçıntaş Ezgi , Gaona Xavier , Altmaier Marcus , Dardenne Kathy , Polly Robert , Geckeis Horst
Published: April 2016

This work represents a systematic investigation of Tc(iv) solubility, hydrolysis and speciation in dilute to concentrated NaCl, MgCl2and CaCl2systems, and comprehensive thermodynamic and activity models for these systems using both SIT and Pitzer approaches.
Dinuclear dysprosium SMMs bridged by a neutral bipyrimidine ligand: two crystal systems that depend on different lattice solvents lead to a distinct slow relaxation behaviour
Authors: Sun Wen-Bin , Yan Bing , Jia Li-Hui , Wang Bing-Wu , Yang Qian , Cheng Xin , Li Hong-Feng , Chen Peng , Wang Zhe-Ming , Gao Song
Published: April 2016

The different lattice solvents lead to a distinct slow relaxation behavior of two dinuclear dysprosium SMMs bridged by a neutral bipyrimidine ligand.
Protein detection using tunable pores: resistive pulses and current rectification
Authors: Blundell Emma L. C. J. , Mayne Laura J. , Lickorish Michael , Christie Steven D. R. , Platt Mark
Published: April 2016

We present the first comparison between assays that use resistive pulses or rectification ratios on a tunable pore platform. We compare their ability to quantify the cancer biomarker Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). The first assay measures the electrophoretic mobility of aptamer modified nanoparticles as they traverse the pore. By controlling the aptamer loading on the particle surface, and measuring the speed of each translocation event we are able to observe a change in velocity as low as 18 pM. A second non-particle assay exploits the current rectification properties of conical pores. We report the first use of Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembly of polyelectrolytes onto the surface of the polyurethane pore. The current rectification ratios demonstrate the presence of the polymers, producing pH and ionic strength-dependent currents. The LbL assembly allows the facile immobilisation of DNA aptamers onto the pore allowing a specific dose response to VEGF. Monitoring changes to the current rectification allows for a rapid detection of 5 pM VEGF. Each assay format offers advantages in their setup and ease of preparation but comparable sensitivities.
Expanding the chemical space of hydrophobic pharmacophores: the role of hydrophobic substructures in the development of novel transcription modulators
Authors: Fujii Shinya
Published: April 2016

Interactions between biologically active compounds and their targets often involve hydrophobic interactions, and hydrophobicity also influences the pharmacokinetic profile.
Visible-light-mediated, nitrogen-centered radical amination of tertiary alkyl halides under metal-free conditions to form α-tertiary amines
Authors: Brueckner Alexander C. , Hancock Erin N. , Anders Evan J. , Tierney Matthew M. , Morgan Heather R. , Scott Kristina A. , Lamar Angus A.
Published: April 2016

A mild and operationally convenient amino-functionalization of a range of tertiary alkyl halides that involves a N,N-diiodosulfonamide reactive species has been developed.
Correction: Tailored high performance shape memory epoxy–silica nanocomposites. Structure design
Authors: Ponyrko S. , Donato R. K. , Matějka L.
Published: April 2016

Correction for ‘Tailored high performance shape memory epoxy–silica nanocomposites. Structure design’ by S. Ponyrko, et al., Polym. Chem., 2016, 7, 560–572.
Laccase immobilized on PAN/O-MMT composite nanofibers support for substrate bioremediation: a de novo adsorption and biocatalytic synergy
Authors: Li Guohui , Nandgaonkar Avinav G. , Lu Keyu , Krause Wendy E. , Lucia Lucian A. , Wei Qufu
Published: April 2016

The engineering of supports for enzyme immobilization while retaining competent functionality is nontrivial.
Self-assembled supramolecular structure of 4-dimethylaminopyridinium p-hydroxy benzoate pentahydrate: synthesis, growth, optical and biological properties
Authors: Sathya P. , Pugazhendhi S. , Gopalakrishnan R.
Published: April 2016

A single crystal of 4-dimethylaminopyridinium p-hydroxybenzoate pentahydrate (DMAPHB) was obtained via a slow evaporation solution growth technique.
Direct synthesis of N-sulfenylimines through oxidative coupling of amines with disulfides/thiols over copper based metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Long Wei , Qiu Wenge , Li Chuanqiang , Song Liyun , Bai Guangmei , Zhang Guizhen , He Hong
Published: April 2016

A highly porous metal–organic framework based on supramolecular building blocks with pcu-topology has been tested for the oxidative coupling of amines and disulfides to afford the N-sulfenylimines directly in good yields.
Properties of silver nanoclusters and bulk silver, using a new and accurate HFD-like potential, including many-body interactions: the inversion scheme and molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Abbaspour Mohsen , Akbarzadeh Hamed , Salemi Sirous , Sotoudeh Ali
Published: April 2016

A new potential function was obtained for silver nanoclusters and bulk silver via the inversion of viscosity collision integrals of monatomic silver vapor.
Enhanced LPG sensing-performance at room temperature of poly(o-anisidine)–CeO2 nanocomposites
Authors: Thakur Sharada , Patil Pradip
Published: April 2016

We report a fast-responding and selective room temperature liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) sensor based on poly(o-anisidine)–cerium oxide (POA–CeO2) nanocomposites.
Magnetic nanoparticle-supported ferrocenylphosphine: a reusable catalyst for hydroformylation of alkene and Mizoroki–Heck olefination
Authors: Shaikh M. Nasiruzzaman , Aziz Md. Abdul , Helal Aasif , Bououdina Mohamed , Yamani Zain H. , Kim Tae-Jeong
Published: April 2016

This study was focused on regioselective, re-usable and solvent-free catalysis using Fe3O4@dop-BPPF nanomaterials.
Synergistic effect of a biodegradable Mg–Zn alloy on osteogenic activity and anti-biofilm ability: an in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Yu Weilin , Chen Daoyun , Ding Zhenyu , Qiu Manle , Zhang Zhiwang , Shen Ji , Zhang Xiaonong , Zhang Shaoxiang , He Yaohua , Shi Zhongmin
Published: April 2016

It is desirable for orthopaedic implants to possess good osteointegration and anti-biofilm ability simultaneously for the prevention of implant associated infections and promotion of osteointegration.
Co3O4-cored carbon dots for chemiluminescence analysis of intracellular hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Zhou Junyu , Gu Jiangjiang , Tian Chunxiu , Jiang Dechen , Chen Yun , Xi Kai
Published: April 2016

Co3O4 cored carbon dots were prepared to induce chemiluminescence from carbon dots in the presence of hydrogen peroxide at neutral pH, and were loaded into cells for the luminescence analysis of intracellular hydrogen peroxide.
Antifungal properties of lecithin- and terbinafine-loaded electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) nanofibres
Authors: Harini Sriram , Venkatesh Mayandi , Radhakrishnan Sridhar , Fazil Mobashar Hussain Urf Turabe , Goh Eunice Tze Leng , Rui Sun , Dhand Chetna , Ong Seow Theng , Barathi Veluchamy Amutha , Beuerman Roger W. , Ramakrishna Seeram , Verma Navin Kumar , Lakshminarayanan Rajamani
Published: April 2016

We investigated the effect of terbinafine- and egg lecithin-loaded PCL mats on mechanical properties, swellability, biocompatibility andin vitroandex vivoantifungal efficacy against pathogenic moulds and dermatophytes.
Dragon's blood-aided synthesis of Ag/Ag2O core/shell nanostructures and Ag/Ag2O decked multi-layered graphene for efficient As(iii) uptake from water and antibacterial activity
Authors: Armani Mokhtar Ali , Abu-Taleb Ahmed , Remalli Nagarjuna , Abdullah Maaged , Srikanth Vadali V. S. S. , Labhasetwar Nitin K.
Published: April 2016

Excellent As(iii) uptake and antibacterial activities of Ag/Ag2O core/shell and multi-layered graphene nanostructures obtained with the aid of Dragon's blood.
Asymmetric dendrimers with improved electro-optic performance: synthesis and characterization
Authors: Xu Huajun , Wang Haoran , Fu Mingkai , Liu Jialei , Liu Xinhou
Published: April 2016

A new series of electro-optical dendrimers with asymmetric configurations was synthesized through a Cu-(I) catalyzed Huisgen reaction.
Effect of a triple contact line on the thermokinetics of dropwise condensation on an immiscible liquid surface
Authors: Singha Sanat Kumar , Das Prasanta Kumar , Maiti Biswajit
Published: April 2016

An extended thermokinetic model is developed for liquid-substrate-induced condensation by considering the collective influence of the line tension and the two mechanisms of molecular transport.
Design of lipidic platforms anchored within nanometric cavities by peptide hooks
Authors: Messina G. M. L. , De Zotti M. , Lettieri R. , Gatto E. , Venanzi M. , Formaggio F. , Toniolo C. , Marletta G.
Published: April 2016

A stable confinement of liposomes within arrays of hybrid polymer/Au nanocavities was achieved using peptide hooks covalently linked to the Au floor.
The optimal design of Co catalyst morphology on a three-dimensional carbon sponge with low cost, inducing better sodium borohydride electrooxidation activity
Authors: Ye Ke , Ma Xiaokun , Huang Xiaomei , Zhang Dongming , Cheng Kui , Wang Guiling , Cao Dianxue
Published: April 2016

A low-cost nano-flake Co@carbon sponge (Co NF@carbon sponge) electrode is prepared by a simple sponge carbonization method coupled with direct Co growth on the carbon sponge surface using pulsed electrodeposition.
Self-assembled π-conjugated organic nanoplates: from hexagonal to triangular motifs
Authors: Martínez-Tong Daniel E. , Gbabode Gabin , Ruzié Christian , Chattopadhyay Basab , Schweicher Guillaume , Kennedy Alan R. , Geerts Yves H. , Sferrazza Michele
Published: April 2016

The formation of triangular nanoplates of an organic semiconducting compound is discussed by considering enhanced solvent/molecule interactions.
Nickel-catalyzed α-benzylation of sulfones with esters via C–O activation
Authors: Xiao Jing , Yang Jia , Chen Tieqiao , Han Li-Biao
Published: April 2016

A Ni-catalyzed α-benzylation of sulfones with benzylic alcohols is achieved via C–O activation. The reaction is complete in 0.5 h catalyzed by a simple Ni(COD)2. Various substituted sulfones including a building block for eletriptan are synthesized.
The third orthogonal dynamic covalent bond
Authors: Lascano Santiago , Zhang Kang-Da , Wehlauch Robin , Gademann Karl , Sakai Naomi , Matile Stefan
Published: April 2016

The existence of three fully orthogonal dynamic covalent bonds is demonstrated in solution and in functional surface architectures.
Research progress in Na-ion capacitors
Authors: Aravindan Vanchiappan , Ulaganathan Mani , Madhavi Srinivasan
Published: April 2016

Research progress in the development of various battery type and supercapacitor type materials is discussed from the point of view of Na-ion capacitors.
Potential of silk fibroin/chondrocyte constructs of muga silkworm Antheraea assamensis for cartilage tissue engineering
Authors: Bhardwaj Nandana , Singh Yogendra Pratap , Devi Dipali , Kandimalla Raghuram , Kotoky Jibon , Mandal Biman B.
Published: April 2016

A three-dimensional porous scaffolds based on muga silkworm, Antheraea assamensis was fabricated and well characterized for cartilage tissue engineering, which may present as noteworthy targets for the further development in chondrocytes based cartilage repair.
Comparative investigation on temperature-dependent photoluminescence of CH3NH3PbBr3and CH(NH2)2PbBr3microstructures
Authors: Dai Jun , Zheng Hongge , Zhu Can , Lu Junfeng , Xu Chunxiang
Published: April 2016

Temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra of CH3NH3PbBr3show that the exciton emission peak continuously blue shifts with the increase in temperature from 10 K to room temperature. CH(NH2)2PbBr3shows a sudden red shift near 150 K due to phase transition.
Secretagogin affects insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells by regulating actin dynamics and focal adhesion
Authors: Yang Seo-Yun , Lee Jae-Jin , Lee Jin-Hee , Lee Kyungeun , Oh Seung Hoon , Lim Yu-Mi , Lee Myung-Shik , Lee Kong-Joo
Published: April 2016

Secretagogin (SCGN), a Ca2+-binding protein having six EF-hands, is selectively expressed in pancreatic β-cells and neuroendocrine cells. Previous studies suggested that SCGN enhances insulin secretion by functioning as a Ca2+-sensor protein, but the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. The present study explored the mechanism by which SCGN enhances glucose-induced insulin secretion in NIT-1 insulinoma cells. To determine whether SCGN influences the first or second phase of insulin secretion, we examined how SCGN affects the kinetics of insulin secretion in NIT-1 cells. We found that silencing SCGN suppressed the second phase of insulin secretion induced by glucose and H2O2, but not the first phase induced by KCl stimulation. Recruitment of insulin granules in the second phase of insulin secretion was significantly impaired by knocking down SCGN in NIT-1 cells. In addition, we found that SCGN interacts with the actin cytoskeleton in the plasma membrane and regulates actin remodelling in a glucose-dependent manner. Since actin dynamics are known to regulate focal adhesion, a critical step in the second phase of insulin secretion, we examined the effect of silencing SCGN on focal adhesion molecules, including FAK (focal adhesion kinase) and paxillin, and the cell survival molecules ERK1/2 (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2) and Akt. We found that glucose- and H2O2-induced activation of FAK, paxillin, ERK1/2 and Akt was significantly blocked by silencing SCGN. We conclude that SCGN controls glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and thus may be useful in the therapy of Type 2 diabetes.
Smoke and viruses–a hindrance to relaxing the airways?
Authors: Singanayagam Aran , Johnston Sebastian L.
Published: April 2016

Inhaled β2-adrenoceptor agonists are a mainstay of therapy for airways diseases and are almost universally prescribed for patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Very few studies have evaluated the efficacy of these commonly used therapies during acute disease exacerbations which are frequently triggered by viral infection. In this edition of Clinical Science, Donovan et al. assess the ex vivo effects of the most commonly used short-acting β2-agonist salbutamol on small airway reactivity using precision cut lung slices (PCLS) from a mouse model of virus-induced exacerbation of COPD. They demonstrate that combined challenge with cigarette smoke and influenza infection in mice markedly impairs salbutamol-mediated airway relaxation. The findings of the present study suggest that cigarette smoke and respiratory virus infection may intefere with the ability of commonly prescribed therapies to effectively bronchodilate the airways.
Blood pressure-independent renoprotection in diabetic rats treated with AT1 receptor–neprilysin inhibition compared with AT1 receptor blockade alone
Authors: Roksnoer Lodi C.W. , van Veghel Richard , van Groningen Marian C. Clahsen- , de Vries René , Garrelds Ingrid M. , Bhaggoe Usha M. , van Gool Jeanette M.G. , Friesema Edith C.H. , Leijten Frank P.J. , Hoorn Ewout J. , Danser A.H. Jan , Batenburg Wendy W.
Published: April 2016

ARNI [dual AT1 (angiotensin II type 1) receptor–neprilysin inhibition] exerts beneficial effects on blood pressure and kidney function in heart failure, compared with ARB (AT1 receptor blockade) alone. We hypothesized that ARNI improves cardiac and kidney parameters in diabetic TGR(mREN2)27 rats, an angiotensin II-dependent hypertension model. Rats were made diabetic with streptozotocin for 5 or 12 weeks. In the final 3 weeks, rats were treated with vehicle, irbesartan (ARB) or irbesartan+thiorphan (ARNI). Blood pressure, measured by telemetry in the 5-week group, was lowered identically by ARB and ARNI. The heart weight/tibia length ratio in 12-week diabetic animals was lower after ARNI compared with after ARB. Proteinuria and albuminuria were observed from 8 weeks of diabetes onwards. ARNI reduced proteinuria more strongly than ARB, and a similar trend was seen for albuminuria. Kidneys of ARNI-treated animals showed less severe segmental glomerulosclerosis than those of ARB-treated animals. After 12 weeks, no differences between ARNI- and ARB-treated animals were found regarding diuresis, natriuresis, plasma endothelin-1, vascular reactivity (acetylcholine response) or kidney sodium transporters. Only ARNI-treated rats displayed endothelin type B receptor-mediated vasodilation. In conclusion, ARNI reduces proteinuria, glomerulosclerosis and heart weight in diabetic TGR(mREN2)27 rats more strongly than does ARB, and this occurs independently of blood pressure.
Burst‐mode analysis of XGPON Raman reach extender employing quantum‐dot lasers
Authors: Dalla Santa M. , Antony C. , Talli G. , Krestnikov I. , Townsend P.D.
Published: April 2016

Burst‐mode operation of a Raman‐based reach extender for the 10 Gbit passive optical networks upstream window is demonstrated using high‐power semiconductor quantum‐dot lasers as Raman pumps. Transmission over a 50 km optical trunk line is performed both in continuous and in burst‐mode for a dynamic range up to 14 dB with a power budget capable of supporting a 64 split for the optical network units. The error distribution in packets reveals no position dependence within the bursts, thus excluding the presence of gain transients. This suggests that the amplifier is particularly suitable for application in burst‐mode networks thanks to its fast dynamics, being a less complex alternative to concurrent technologies that require fast automatic power control schemes.