bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El arte de decidir, cómo equilibrar la razón con la emoción, ¿quién nos enseña?
Authors: Gigliotti Juan José , Gigliotti Jonatan M. , Treco Darío
Published: April 2020

Desde que nacemos, toda nuestra vida está signada por el tipo y calidad de decisiones que tomamos. Esto determina cual va a ser nuestra “performance” en los logros o fracasos obtenidos. Desde hace ya casi 40 años, con el desarrollo de tecnológico, las neurociencias han aportado (y siguen) numerosos trabajos de investigación, en los cuales se demuestra que una “emoción” supera a la “razón” a cuando se trata de tomar una “decisión”, ya sea simple o compleja. La pregunta y el objetivo de este trabajo es: ¿quién nos enseña a tomar decisiones? ¿es algo innato o se puede aprender? Si se puede aprender, ¿quién se adjudica semejante responsabilidad? Hoy sabemos que lamentablemente el sistema educativo latinoamericano, sumado a que los padres no están capacitados, o no sienten la necesidad de enseñar cómo manejar las “emociones”, los niños crecerán en una sociedad la cual es y será sumamente competitiva, en la cual tendrán que tomar decisiones que afecten su presente y su futuro.
La acción nuclear del delito informático en el novísimo código orgánico integral penal
Authors: Crespo-Berti Luis Andrés
Published: April 2020

La investigación estableció las consecuencias que apareja el significado de la acción nuclear como elemento sustantivo de carácter penal en los delitos informáticos, previstos en el Libro I de la reciente reforma parcial de la codificación penal sustantiva ecuatoriana (2019). El objetivo consintió en realizar una interpretación en la calificación de la infracción desde el ámbito cibernético. La perspectiva trasciende por el grado de subjetividad de parte del legislador, al prescribir en modo subjuntivo la acción nuclear. El diseño de la investigación se inserta en el paradigma cualitativo, tuvo la característica de ser de tipo factible, en un nivel explicativo y de ordinario el método modelado de comparación constante, el exegético y el de las estructuras lógicas. Su finalidad fue la de explicar el comportamiento de una variable en función de otra. Los resultados proporcionaron comprobaciones como que el Estado ecuatoriano, a través del ejercicio de la acción penal debe operacionalizar en términos exegéticos, la adecuación de la conducta desplegada a los efectos de calificarlo adecuadamente ab initio del proceso penal para la correcta tipificación del delito perpetrado. Como corolario, la exégesis versus la génesis del comportamiento del infractor en consonancia con la consciencia y voluntad del acto volitivo.
La evaluación de los aprendizajes mediadas por las TAC
Authors: Zeballos Marcela
Published: April 2020

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar los instrumentos de evaluación para el aprendizaje mediados por las Tecnologías del Aprendizaje y el Conocimiento de un curso de capacitación virtual para docentes del nivel primario de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. La utilización del enforque cualitativo permitió recuperar las reflexiones, pensamientos y posicionamiento de los profesores y tutores, como producto de la interacción en el aula virtual. Los indicadores de evaluación analizados fueron: contenidos, actividades, estrategias metodológicas, instrumentos de evaluación, rol de los estudiantes y el rol del tutor. Los resultados arrojados a partir del análisis de los datos mostraron distintos recursos de evaluación que actuaron como mediadores pedagógicos. Con respecto a las conclusiones se aprecia el valor pedagógico de las Tecnologías del Aprendizaje y el Conocimiento como mediadoras del proceso de evaluación de los aprendizajes.
IDENTIFICATION OF NITROUS OXIDE GENERATION IN SUBSURFACE WASTEWATER INFILTRATION SYSTEM FILLED WITH MIXED MATRIX
Authors: Li Ying-Hua , Yang Lei , Li Hai-Bo , Wang Si-Qi , Su Fei
Published: April 2020

Subsurface wastewater infiltration systems (SWIS) are one of the important sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) production; understanding the biological processes and contributions of N2O will help control the amount of N2O produced. To quantitatively reveal the contribution of nitrification and denitrifiaction processes, 8 g potassium nitrate with 99.99 atom % 15N (i.e. 15N accounts for 99.99% of the total N) was dissolved in the influent (concentration: 3.3 g/L). Results showed that nitrification released more N2O within 0–12 h, accounting for 79.6 ± 2.4%. The denitrification process accounted for 88.5 ± 1.3% for N2O generation after the 12th hour. Thus, in order to effectively control the release of N2O, the denitrification process should be given more attention. The maximum release rate of N2O was 8.45 ± 0.8 mg/m2·h, which occurred near the end of the first wetting-drying cycle. Since then, peaks appeared periodically, mostly in the “rest” periods.
A White-light Flare Powered by Magnetic Reconnection in the Lower Solar Atmosphere
Authors: Song Yongliang , Tian Hui , Zhu Xiaoshuai , Chen Yajie , Zhang Mei , Zhang Jingwen
Published: April 2020

White-light flares (WLFs), first observed in 1859, refer to a type of solar flare showing an obvious enhancement of the visible continuum emission. This type of enhancement often occurs in most energetic flares, and is usually interpreted as a consequence of efficient heating in the lower solar atmosphere through nonthermal electrons propagating downward from the energy release site in the corona. However, this coronal-reconnection model has difficulty in explaining the recently discovered small WLFs. Here we report a C2.3 WLF, which is associated with several observational phenomena: a fast decrease in opposite-polarity photospheric magnetic fluxes, the disappearance of two adjacent pores, significant heating of the lower chromosphere, a negligible increase of the hard X-ray flux, and an associated U-shaped magnetic field configuration. All these suggest that this WLF is powered by magnetic reconnection in the lower part of the solar atmosphere rather than by reconnection higher up in the corona.
Dust Environment Model of the Interstellar Comet 2I/Borisov
Authors: Cremonese G. , Fulle M. , Cambianica P. , Munaretto G. , Capria M. T. , Forgia F. La , Lazzarin M. , Migliorini A. , Boschin W. , Milani G. , Aletti A. , Arlic G. , Bacci P. , Bacci R. , Bryssinck E. , Carosati D. , Castellano D. , Buzzi L. , Rubbo S. Di , Facchini M. , Guido E. , Kugel F. , Ligustri R. , Maestripieri M. , Mantero A. , Nicolas J. , Ochner P. , Perrella C. , Trabatti R. , Valvasori A.
Published: April 2020

2I/Borisov is the first interstellar comet discovered on 2019 August 30, and it soon showed a coma and a dust tail. This study reports the results of images obtained at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo telescope, on La Palma—Canary Islands, in 2019 November and December. The images have been obtained with the R filter in order to apply our dust tail model. The model has been applied to the comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko and compared to the Rosetta dust measurements showing a very good agreement. It has been applied to the comet 2I/Borisov, using almost the same parameters, obtaining a dust environment similar to that of 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, suggesting that the activity may be very similar. The dust tail analysis provided a dust-loss rate Q

d
 ≈ 35 kg s−1 in 2019 November and Q

d
 ≈ 30 kg s−1 in 2019 December.
Mountains of the Mist: A first plant checklist for the Bvumba Mountains, Manica Highlands (Zimbabwe-Mozambique)
Authors: Timberlake Jonathan , Ballings Petra , Vidal Jr. João de Deus , Wursten Bart , Hyde Mark , Mapaura Anthony , Childes Susan , Palgrave Meg Coates , Clark Vincent Ralph
Published: April 2020

The first comprehensive plant checklist for the Bvumba massif, situated in the Manica Highlands along the Zimbabwe-Mozambique border, is presented. Although covering only 276 km2, the flora is rich with 1250 taxa (1127 native taxa and 123 naturalised introductions). There is a high proportion of Orchidaceae and Pteridophyta, with both groups showing a higher richness than for adjacent montane areas, which may be due to the massif’s relatively high moisture levels as a result of frequent cloud cover. However, in contrast to other mesic montane regions in southern Africa, there are relatively few near-endemic or range-restricted taxa: there is only one local endemic, Aeranthes africana, an epiphytic forest orchid. This is likely to be an effect of the massif having limited natural grassland compared to forest, the former being the most endemic-rich habitat in southern African mountains outside of the Fynbos Biome. Six other near-endemic taxa with limited distribution in this portion of the Manica Highlands are highlighted. The high number of invasive species is probably a result of diverse human activities in the area. The main species of concern are Acacia melanoxylon, a tree that is invading grassland and previously cultivated land, the forest herb Hedychium gardnerianum which in places is transforming forest understorey with an adverse effect on some forest birds, and the woody herb Vernonanthura polyanthes which invades cleared forest areas after fire. Future botanical work in the massif should focus on a more detailed exploration of the poorly known Serra Vumba on the Mozambican side and on the drier western slopes. This will allow for a more detailed analysis of patterns of endemism across the Manica Highlands.
Poverty in the Russian Federation: possibilities and specifics of the use of the AROPE multi-criteria index in the poverty monitoring system of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kartseva Marina A.
Published: April 2020

The article presents a comparative analysis of the level and structure of poverty of the Russian population using two different concepts of poverty definition — the absolute income criterion currently used by Rosstat, and the AROPE indicator of poverty and social exclusion. The paper also attempts to assess how the change of the methodology for determining poverty can affect the existence of the poverty status of individuals. The study is carried out both at a national level and at a federal district level. The empirical basis of the paper is selective observation of income of the population and participation in social programmes, conducted by Rosstat in 2017.

The results show that in transition from the absolute income criterion to the multi-criteria AROPE index, the poverty level of the population of the Russian Federation significantly increases. The highest growth of poverty is among people over working age. The age structure of poverty also changes significantly. With AROPE, the proportion of older persons among the poor increases and the proportion of children decreases. It is also shown in the article that the transition from the current official methodology of poverty definition to the definition in accordance with AROPE’s methodology can lead to loss of the poverty status by part of the population, which, in case of the official transition to using AROPE index as a criterion for receiving social support, can have a negative impact on their socio-economic situation. The obtained results vary significantly by federal districts of the Russian Federation.
Vérités et contre-vérités
Authors: Gros Frédéric
Published: April 2020

J’aimerais présenter quelques réflexions autour du concept de vérité dans les travaux de Michel Foucault. Elles seront extrêmement schématiques, et pourtant ce problème de la vérité est, chez Foucault, à la fois compliqué et central. Il est particulièrement présent dans le dernier cours prononcé au collège de France, à travers par exemple l’analyse de la mort de Socrate ou l’étude des cyniques. La question qu’on pourrait poser, à travers cette relecture, est celle du rapport entre vérité et obéissance, vérité et désobéissance.
Alèthurgie oculaire et littérature de témoignage de Sophocle à Soljenitsyne
Authors: Lorenzini Daniele
Published: April 2020

Dans cet article, en commençant par une analyse inédite de l’ Œdipe Roi de Sophocle, nous abordons le problème du statut du témoin oculaire et de sa prise de parole, ou mieux, de son « dire-vrai » en tant qu’acte de langage spécifique, notamment au sein de la littérature de témoignage. Nous soutenons que la question cruciale à poser à ce propos est celle de l’engagement du locuteur dans son discours, et que l’acte de témoigner va donc bien au-delà de la simple transmission d’une série de contenus ou d’informations. Cet acte se situe en effet sur deux plans : celui du lien éthique entre le locuteur et ce qu’il dit et celui du lien social entre le locuteur et ses interlocuteurs ou auditeurs. En nous inspirant des analyses de Michel Foucault sur la parrêsia et de J. L. Austin sur la dimension perlocutoire du langage, nous concluons alors que les récits de témoignage relèvent d’une « dramatique du discours » qui joue le plus souvent le rôle d’un véritable acte de résistance.
Un Foucault platonicien
Authors: de la Higuera Javier
Published: April 2020

Le dernier Foucault a donné à Platon et au platonisme un rôle très important dans le surgissement de la culture ancienne de soi et dans ce qu’il a appelé « l’esthétique de l’existence ». Mais sa position en rapport à Platon et au platonisme est très complexe et ambigüe. Foucault se déplace d’un anti-platonisme d’allure nietzschéenne dont le thème général serait « la vérité du pouvoir », à une position que l’on pourrait nommer « platonicienne », où le thème « le pouvoir de la vérité » apparaît. Il s’agirait d’un déplacement d’une position anti-philosophique à une autre position philosophique où Foucault chercherait un concept de philosophie à la valeur transhistorique en référence à Platon et dans son extrême radicalisation dans le cynisme. Cette clé platonicienne du dernier Foucault pourrait jeter un peu plus de lumière sur le projet général d’une « ontologie de l’actualité ».
Repenser la fonction politique de l’intellectuel. Alèthurgie, parrêsia et espace public chez Michel Foucault
Authors: Alcalá Francisco J.
Published: April 2020

Dans le passé, l’intellectuel était situé à l’avant-garde de la société civile à propos de l’établissement de l’opinion publique, d’après un model « transcendant » qui faisait de lui une sorte de directeur spirituel du peuple. Le présent travail a par objectif approfondir dans la caractérisation de l’intellectuel spécifique qui donne Foucault dans des textes brefs et entretiens de la décade des 70, à partir des études de base historiographique à propos des concepts du gouvernement de soi et des autres, alèthurgie et parrêsia qui l’ont occupé dans des années 80, et aussi de la distinction kantienne parmi les usages public et privé de la raison. En plus, on veut élucider la transition du model de l’intellectuel « universel » à celui de l’intellectuel « spécifique » dans la deuxième moitié du XX e  siècle et finalement on veut clarifier la catégorie politique la plus adéquate à l’action parrêsiastique de l’intellectuel spécifique, que plutôt que l’objection de conscience c’est la désobéissance civile.
A Practical Approach to Congenital Urogenital Anomalies in Female Pediatric Patients
Authors: Kirschen Gregory W. , Wood Lianna F. , Semenyuk Natalie
Published: April 2020

Congenital anomalies of the female reproductive tract are relatively common and can be both confusing to understand as well as challenging to diagnose and manage in a busy pediatric clinical practice. Here, we lay out some of the most common genitourinary tract anomalies in female pediatric patients. We highlight the key embryologic development, present case examples, and discuss appropriate testing, treatment, and counseling for patients and their families regarding congenital disorders of the vulva, vagina, uterus, ovaries, and associated pathology. The goal of this review is to demystify these conditions and provide a practical guide for the general pediatrician who is often at the frontline making the initial diagnosis and caring for these patients.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2020;49(4):e188–e195.]
New Similarity Measure Between Single-Valued Neutrosophic Sets and Decision-Making Applications in Professional Proficiencies
Authors: Şahin Memet , Kargın Abdullah
Published: April 2020

In this study, a new similarity measure for single valued neutrosophic numbers is defined. It is shown that this new similarity measure satisfies the conditions of similarity measure. This new similarity measure is used to assess professional proficiencies. In making this assessment, it is assumed that there is an imaginary ideal worker, and the authors determined the criteria of this ideal worker. Then, the rate of similarity of each worker to the ideal worker is determined with the new similarity measure. Thus, with the help of the new similarity measure, a more objective professional proficiency assessment is made.
Gender Mainstream
Authors: Ndlovu Reginah
Published: April 2020

The study examines the extent to which gender has been mainstreamed in resource allocation, income opportunities, decision-making processes, policy development, planning, implementation, and monitoring of programmes in Africa. Zimbabwe is used as a case study. The study was prompted by the need for Africa to mainstream gender parity in order to respond to the global call of mainstreaming gender. International legal frameworks on gender are articulated in this chapter in order to bring about an understanding of the foundations upon which this global call is premised.
Dredged Material Quality in Anthropogenically Exploited Catchment Area
Authors: Junáková Natália , Šelingova Eva , Demkova Lenka
Published: April 2020

The paper is focused on the research of pollutants in dredged material and water in the watershed of the Sigord reservoir (Eastern Slovakia), which is influenced by anthropogenic activity. The monitored area extends to the cadastral area of ​​Zlatá Baňa, which has been used for a long time and intensively for mining of gold, antimony and mercury. After the end of mining activities (at the beginning of the 20th century) the territory remained devastated by numerous remains of mining activities and no attention has been paid to this area in terms of scientific research. Therefore, the monitoring of dredged sediment and water quality has been carried out. The results show that the limit values ​​of selected heavy metals (such as Sb, As, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe and Al) are exceeded in both sediments and water in the reservoir watershed, as a result of the former mining activities around Sigord.
The Environmentally Friendly Possibility of Using Recycled Plastic from Electrical Waste to Rainwater Detention
Authors: Pertile Eva , Zamarsky Petr , Tkacova Petra , Novosadova Miloslava
Published: April 2020

In view of the dynamic development of electrical and electronic equipment and the reduction of its lifetime, the share of electronic equipment that has become waste has risen. In proportion to this situation, there is a constant improvement in separating industrial methods aimed at removing hazardous components of electrical waste (PCBs containing condensers, mercury switches or asbestos insulation). Another commodity, and economically more interesting, is the obtaining of the utility component of the waste iron and non-ferrous metals. After the separation of the interesting components what remains is a heterogeneous mixture of plastic pulp, which is usually landfilled or incinerated in the waste incinerator. This leads to the loss of valuable material, which could be further exploited. The paper deals with the issue of the disposal of plastics from electrical waste and its subsequent use as plastic pulp, which can be used to fill the rainwater detention reservoir.
The Utilization of a Combination of Recycled Rubber from Waste Tires and Waste Waters from a Concrete Plant in the Production of Cement Composites
Authors: Svoboda Jakub , Václavík Vojtěch , Dvorský Tomáš , Klus Lukáš , Botula Jiří
Published: April 2020

This article presents the results of a study dealing with the use of a combination of recycled rubber from waste tires as a 100% replacement of aggregate and waste sludge water from a concrete plant as a partial replacement of mixing water in the production of cement composites. The aggregate was replaced with recycled rubber material in two ratios. The first ratio was 50/50 and the other one was a 40/60 ratio of fraction 0/1 mm and fraction 1/3 mm. The mixing water was replaced with waste sludge water from a concrete plant in the amounts of 25% and 50%. The designed cement composite formulas were subjected to the test of their physical and mechanical characteristics in order to determine the properties when using a combination of recycled rubber and waste sludge water from a concrete plant. The tested properties include: consistency of the grain curve, mixing water properties, consistency of cement mortar, strength characteristics (tensile flexural strength and compressive strength). The study presents the results that are fundamentally different from the comparative samples and their use in the building industry but, at the same time, they also open up new possibilities of their use as building material.
Leishmania donovani Subverts Host Immune Response by Epigenetic Reprogramming of Macrophage M(Lipopolysaccharides + IFN-γ)/M(IL-10) Polarization
Authors: Parmar Naveen , Chandrakar Pragya , Kar Susanta
Published: April 2020

Reciprocal changes in histone lysine methylation/demethylation of M(LPS + IFN-γ)/M(IL-10) genes is one of the factors that direct macrophage polarization and contribute to host defense/susceptibility toward infection. Although, histone lysine methyltransferases and lysine demethylases orchestrate these events, their role remains elusive in visceral leishmaniasis, a disease associated with macrophage M(IL-10) polarization. In this study, we observed that L. donovani induced the expression of histone lysine methyltransferases Ash1l, Smyd2, and Ezh2 and histone lysine demethylases Kdm5b and Kdm6b in J774 macrophages and BALB/c mice. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that L. donovani facilitated H3K36 dimethylation at TNF-α promoter by Smyd2 and H3K27 trimethylation at inducible NO synthase promoter by Ezh2 to suppress their expression in macrophages. Furthermore, infection-induced Kdm5b and Kdm6b modulated H3K4 and H3K27 trimethylation at IL-12, TNF-α, and arginase-1 promoters, respectively, whereas H3K4 trimethylation by Ash1l at IL-10 promoter induced its expression. Analysis of transductional events revealed that HIF-1α upregulated Kdm5b and Kdm6b expression, whereas Ash1l and Ezh2 expression were induced by transcription factor MeCP2. Additionally, Smyd2 was induced by c-Myc in infected macrophages. Knockdown of Ash1l, Ezh2, Kdm5b, and Kdm6b by specific small interfering RNA and Vivo-Morpholino, as well as inhibition of Smyd2 by its specific inhibitor, AZ505, led to increased protective proinflammatory response and inhibited amastigote multiplication in infected J774 macrophages and BALB/c mice, respectively. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that L. donovani exploits specific histone lysine methyltransferases/demethylases to redirect epigenetic programming of M(LPS + IFN-γ)/M(IL-10) genes for its successful establishment within the host.
Understanding and perceptions of gout: an interdisciplinary assessment among patients, physicians and pharmacists in Italy
Authors: Punzi L. , Medea G.
Published: April 2020

The objective was to assess knowledge and therapeutic approaches to the management of gout among healthcare professionals and people with/without gout, in Italy. This was a cross-sectional internet-based survey targeting general practitioners (GPs), specialists, pharmacists, and people with/without gout. Between December 2017 and March 2018, participants completed questionnaires on epidemiology, cause/risk factors, therapy objectives and management/treatment strategies to improve outcomes. Overall, 3184 people completed the survey: 699 GPs, 426 specialists, 655 pharmacists and 1404 subjects from the general population: 126 (9.0%) with and 1278 (91.0%) without gout. Notably, less than half of GPs, specialists and people without gout confirmed the published 1% prevalence of gout in Italy. Lifestyle was acknowledged as the main risk factor for gout by nearly 50% of specialists and GPs, while only 13.8% and 12.4%, respectively, considered the role of genetic factors. Uric acid overproduction was deemed as the cause of gout by 60% of GPs and specialists, whereas insufficient excretion by only 30%. Fewer than half of patients were aware that gout permanently damages joints, and even fewer of the renal and cardiovascular implications (19.4% and 12%, respectively); moreover, most people without gout replied that their doctor had never talked with them about uric acid and its correlation with gout development. Finally, GPs were divided on uric acid target levels (48.3% said <6 mg/dL and 18.9% <7 mg/dL). Despite major advances in the knowledge of physiopathological mechanisms of gout, the results of our survey highlight the many treatment and knowledge gaps in its management. Cooperation between multidisciplinary teams is required to break down barriers and ensure optimal treatment with effective and innovative agents of this ever-increasing debilitating condition.
The role of architectural design for rheumatic patients’ wellbeing: the point of view of Environmental Psychology
Authors: Punzi L. , Chia M. , Cipolletta S. , Dolcetti C. , Galozzi P. , Giovinazzi O. , Tonolo S. , Zava R. , Pazzaglia F.
Published: April 2020

Rheumatic diseases (RD) are among the most frequent disorders in the population and the major causes of chronic pain and disability. The resulting consequences are catastrophic, leading to a significant socio-economic burden, which includes significant reductions in quality of life (QoL) and limitations in regular work and daily activities of patients. In spite of this, rheumatic diseases are often misunderstood or diagnosed late, probably due to their characteristics of silent diseases, sometimes unrecognizable to unaffected or unskilled people. Actually, it is surprising that, despite their consequences on QoL and on individual impact, rheumatic diseases are underestimated by the public opinion, which is probably more attracted by other major diseases causing death. This silent perception can even be seen in some among the most recent psycho-social approaches to population needs in the fields of Health Psychology and Environmental Psychology. The latter, also known as Architectural Psychology, is a branch of Psychology that analyses the effects of the built environment on humans, including those affected by diseases. Paradoxically, in many cases, some components of the environments created to protect individuals and/or the population may represent barriers and subsequently causes of disability and suffering in patients with rheumatic diseases. In order to increase awareness about this particular aspect of social life, HEMOVE Onlus, a non-profit association, has promoted the creation of a multidisciplinary Task Group, which included mainly rheumatologists, psychologists and architects, with the aim of applying also for the benefit of rheumatic patients the most modern technical skills available in the context of Environmental Psychology, including in particular design and information technology.
Remission, low disease activity and improvement of pain and function in psoriatic arthritis patients treated with IL-12/23 and IL-17 inhibitors. A multicenter prospective study
Authors: Perrotta F.M. , Delle Sedie A. , Scriffignano S. , Volpe P. , Cordisco E. , Milano N. , Gabini M. , Lubrano E.
Published: April 2020

The development of new biologic and targeted synthetic DMARDs can lead to good disease control. The aim of the present study was to assess the rate of remission and low disease activity, and the improvement of pain and function, in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients treated with new anti-IL-12/23 and anti-IL-17 biologic agents. A prospective 6-month study was performed. Patients fulfilling the CASPAR criteria for PsA that started ustekinumab, secukinumab and ixekizumab were enrolled and prospectively followed in a setting of clinical practice. Patients were considered in minimal disease activity (MDA), when they met at least 5/7 of the criteria previously defined. DAPSA score ≤4 was also evaluated as a remission criterion. Pain on VAS, PtGA and HAQ were also assessed in all patients. Patients achieving MDA were compared to non-MDA to identify outcome predictive factors. Of the 70 patients treated with ustekinumab, secukinumab and ixekizumab, at baseline, no patients were in MDA or had a DAPSA score ≤4. Ten patients (14.2%) were lost during the follow-up. After 6 months, MDA was achieved in 22 (31.4%) patients. DAPSA≤4 was achieved in 17 (24.2%) patients. Significant improvement in pain, PtGA and HAQ was also found. Patients naïve to anti-TNF treatment achieved more frequently MDA compared to anti-TNF-experienced patients. Male sex, high levels of CRP and absence of comorbidities were found to be predictors of MDA. In our prospective observational study, MDA was achieved in 31.4% and DAPSA remission in 24.2% of patients treated with inhibitors of IL-12/23 and IL-17, thus making this target achievable in PsA patients treated with these drugs.
Methods of deliberate self-harm in a tertiary hospital in South Africa
Authors: Pieterse Deirdre , Hoare Jacqueline , Louw Kerry-Ann , Breet Elsie , Henry Michelle , Lewis Ian , Bantjes Jason
Published: April 2020

Background: Little is known about the methods of deliberate self-harm (DSH) in South Africa (SA), despite the importance of means restriction as a public health strategy to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with self-harm.Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the range of methods used in DSH and identify the socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with violent and non-violent methods of DSH among patients treated at a tertiary hospital in SA.Setting: The study was conducted at an urban, tertiary level emergency department at Groote Schuur hospital in Cape Town, South Africa.Method: Data were collected from 238 consecutive DSH patients who presented for emergency department treatment at the hospital. Logistic regression models were used to explore the factors associated with violent and non-violent methods of DSH.Results: Self-poisoning was the most common method of self-harm (80.3%). Prescription medication was the most common form of self-poison (57.6%), while a large number of patients used non-prescription paracetamol (40.9%). In the regression analysis, male gender, stating that the reason for DSH was to escape a situation and history of substance use were associated with violent method of DSH.Conclusion: Improved monitoring of prescription medications commonly used in DSH is integral to public health suicide prevention strategies in SA. This study underscores the need for substance use interventions in the healthcare setting.
Pollution atmosphérique et brise de mer à Annaba (Nord-Est de l’Algérie) : cas de l’ozone et du dioxyde de soufre
Authors: Dahech Salem , Saihia Abdallah
Published: April 2020

Cet article étudie la relation entre les concentrations en ozone (O3) et en dioxyde de soufre (SO2) dans l’agglomération d’Annaba située sur le littoral NE algérien, et la brise terre/mer durant la saison chaude. L’O3est influencé par l’intensité de la radiation solaire, par les émissions primaires et par la brise littorale. Outre les pics enregistrés vers midi, les plus fortes concentrations sont enregistrées la nuit. En effet, la brise de terre réachemine les polluants émis dans la ville le jour et véhiculés vers l’intérieur par la brise de mer, vers la mer en balayant de nouveau l’agglomération. Ce type de transport a tendance à contribuer de manière significative aux épisodes de forte concentration d’ozone dans les régions côtières dépourvues de sources d’émissions primaires comme par exemple l’espace de l’aéroport. Ce même mécanisme explique la variation spatio-temporelle du SO2dont les concentrations restent plus élevées au centre-ville et dans la zone industrielle Elhadjar. Les dépassements de la norme OMS sont en moyenne dans les quatre stations de mesure d’Annaba de l’ordre de 95 % pour le SO2et de 40 % pour l’O3.
GPM, le programme Global Precipitation Measurement (NASA/JAXA) – fondements théoriques et accès à la base de données
Authors: Berges Jean-Claude
Published: April 2020

Le GPM ( Global Precipitation Measurement ) est un programme majeur NASA/JAXA dédié à la mesure des quantités de pluie qui met librement à disposition des produits de divers niveaux. L’apport potentiel de ces produits permet l’analyse de divers phénomènes environnementaux associés au cycle de l’eau et la visée de cet article est d’introduire à leur utilisation. Dans une première partie, l’arrière-plan théorique est discuté en liaison avec les précédents programmes de ce domaine. Ensuite, les différents algorithmes intégrés dans le système de traitement sont décrits en signalant les questions scientifiques éventuellement soulevées. La troisième partie traite de la description de la base de données et des procédures d’accès. Enfin, la dernière partie compare avec d’autres sources d’information à travers deux exemples dans une perspective climatologique puis dans une perspective d’étude des risques avec l’analyse d’un événement extrême. Dans son état actuel, la base de données du GPM offre de multiples nouvelles opportunités pour les actions de recherche et s’inscrit en complément des réseaux d’observation actuels.
Quelles conséquences du changement climatique sur le blé tendre en Normandie aux horizons 2050 et 2100 ?
Authors: Beauvais François , Cantat Olivier , Madeline Philippe , Le Gouée Patrick , Brunel-Muguet Sophie , Medjkane Mohand
Published: April 2020

En Normandie, la culture du blé qui occupe 24 % de la SAU régionale tient une place importante parmi les productions végétales. Le changement climatique peut-il avoir des conséquences sur le cycle de cette céréale et perturber les pratiques et les espaces concernés ? Cet article projette la phénologie et les performances culturales de l’agrosystème céréalier régional d’ici la fin du 21ème siècle. Il s’appuie sur une modélisation bioclimatique qui mobilise les données CNRM-2014 du CNRS et de Météo-France sorties du modèle régional ALADIN-Climat pour trois scénarios RCP du GIEC. Dans le cas de dates de semis inchangées aux horizons 2050 et 2100 et d’un changement climatique prononcé, l’élévation des températures engendrerait un raccourcissement du cycle et donc une anticipation calendaire de la phénologie. Ce qui éviterait un chevauchement de la fin du cycle avec la période estivale à laquelle sont associés des événements de sécheresse et de vagues de chaleur dont la fréquence pourrait augmenter dans les prochaines décennies. En conséquence, l’échaudage thermique et le déficit hydrique seraient moindres que ce que l’on pouvait envisager. Toutefois, cette précocité pourrait perturber des stades plus précoces de développement du blé tendre : basses températures à la méiose et déficit de rayonnement au début de la montaison. De plus, la douceur accrue des hivers pourrait engendrer une diminution du nombre de jours de vernalisation, phase nécessaire pour la floraison des variétés d’hiver. Cette étude démontre l’intérêt des modèles bioclimatiques pour envisager les modifications possibles de la phénologie des cultures attendus d'ici la fin du siècle.
Local Health Traditional Practices of Koppal District, Karnataka, India
Authors: Shiddamallayya Nagayya , Vendrapati Rama R , Giri Sanjay K , Doddamani Shashidhar H , Shubhashree Malalur N , Bhat Sulochana , Rath Chinmay , Susmitha Bonthu , Tripathi Ashish K , Mangal Anupam K , Srikanth Narayanam , Dhiman Kartar S
Published: April 2020

Aim:

The present study is to document the information on local health traditions used for various human and animal diseases by traditional healers of Koppal district, Karnataka, India.

Materials and methods:

Seasonal ethnomedicobotanical (EMB) Survey has been conducted in Koppal district Karnataka during 2013 to 2014 to document the local health traditions (LHTs) knowledge related to human and animal.

Results:

The EMB survey team documented 24 LHTs claims in Koppal district, Karnataka, which were related to joint pains, bone fracture, psychiatry, gastrointestinal disorders, skin disease, hemorrhoids, diabetics, aphrodisiac, infections, eye disease, neurological disorders, gynecological disorders, jaundice, migraine, and inducing of vomiting in human beings and few veterinary practices such as diarrhea, loss of appetite, stomatitis, and bone fracture.

Conclusion:

Traditional healers are sheltered in the remote rural and tribal pockets. This is the time to identify effective formulations to manage or treat human ailments and spread the awareness in public for use. Scientific society has to work to introduce modern techniques in traditional system, identify unique properties that are playing very important role in the treatment of health issues, and validate scientifically and recommend the formulations for large-scale production by pharmaceutical industry for the benefit of the common people.
Exploration of Traditional Pickle Recipes Prepared by Tribal of Jawhar and Shahapur Forest Divisions
Authors: Gurav Arun M , Kolhe Rasika , Goli Penchala Prasad , Rath Chinmay , Mangal Anupam K , Srikanth Narayanam
Published: April 2020

Aim:

To document and record recipes of pickles of wild edible plants prepared by the tribal of Jawhar and Shahapur forest divisions.

Materials and methods:

A medicoethnobotanical survey was carried out in Jawhar and Shahapur forest divisions during the year 2018–2019. The details of information and method of preparation of pickle recipes traditionally prepared and consumed by the tribal from Jawhar and Shahapur forest divisions of Thane forest circle were recorded through conversation and interviews and were documented digitally.

Result:

A total of 11 recipes of traditionally prepared pickles which are not familiar in urban area have been identified, and the method of preparation was recorded. A maximum of nine pickles were prepared from fruit or pod, whereas shoot was used in bamboo pickle and pseudostem in kadali pickle. These traditional pickle recipes have nutritional values and are used to alleviate certain disease conditions like flatulence, diabetes, etc. and to increase strength.

Conclusion:

Tribal people are proverbial with plants and fruits available in their native place. They prepared pickles using their traditional method of preparation and used them in certain ailments. Steps should be taken to identify the strength in the field of food industries and small-scale industry to prepare and sell the forest products that would be beneficial to forest department, tribes, and common population.
Comparative Assessment of Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Potential of Stem Bark and Small Branches of Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.) MR Almeida for Substitution in Ayurvedic Drugs
Authors: Dixit Amit K , Kumar Vijay , Maloni Neha , Sarkar Mrinmoy , Shrivastava Bhavana , Nair Parvathy G , Rotwar Dara S , Mundada Pallavi
Published: April 2020

Aim:

Present study was intended to investigate the physicochemical parameters, phytochemical constituents, and biochemical studies of the stem bark (STB) and small branches (SBs) of Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.) MR Almeida.

Materials and methods:

The parameters were checked in different solvent systems, viz., petroleum ether, acetone, and methanol.

Results:

Significant antioxidant (10–85%) and antimicrobial (5–20 mm) activities were observed in acetone and methanolic extracts of STB and SB as compared to the controls. In acetone and methanolic extracts, the observed values for total phenol content (TPC) ranged from 10 mg to 93 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of extract and the total flavonoid content (TFC) ranged from 30 mg to 87 mg of quercetin equivalent (QE) per gram of extract. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein interaction studies of all the extracts were performed and the observed values for binding constant ranged from 22 to 62 × 10-5 μM-1.

Conclusion:

Overall, acetone and methanolic extracts of STB and SB of plant have shown significant results in medicinal aspects mentioned above.

Clinical significance:

These comparative findings of STB and SB of Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.) MR Almeida provide undeniable systematic facts of its beneficial prospective as an Ayurvedic drug.
A Classification of Mathematical Modeling Problems of Prospective Mathematics Teachers
Authors: Ural Alattin
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this research is to classify the mathematical modelling problems produced by pre-service mathematics teachers in terms of the number of variables and to determine the mathematical modelling skills and mathematical skills used in solving the problems in each class. The current study is a qualitative research and the data was analyzed using descriptive analysis. The data of the study was obtained from the mathematical modelling problem written by 59 senior mathematics teachers. They were given a 1-week period to write the problems and solutions. The participants took mathematical modelling course for one semester period prior to the research. The problems are the original problems that the participants themselves produced. The mathematical modelling problems produced are categorically as follows: “Which option is more economical” problems, “Profit-making” problems, “Future prediction” problems and “Relationship between two quantities” problems. The mathematical modelling skills used are as follows: to be able to collect appropriate data, organize the data, write dependent and independent variables, write fixed values, visualize the real situation mathematically or geometrically, use mathematical concepts. The mathematical skills used are generally; to be able to do four operations with rational numbers, draw distribution and column graph, write algebraic expression, do arithmetic operation in algebraic rational expressions, write/solve equation and inequality in 1 or 2 variables, write an appropriate mathematical function explaining the data related to the data, solve 1st degree equations in 1 variable, establish proportion, use trigonometric ratios in right triangle, use basic geometry information, draw and interpret a 1st degree inequality in 2 variables.
خطة عملية متكاملة لإدارة خطر الكوارث على مواقع التراث الثقافي: حالة دراسية في الإقليم الساحلي السوري
Authors: صالح حسين عزيز
Published: April 2020

الملخص

التراث الثقافي ثروة ثمينة ومصدر للهوية الحقيقة التي تسهم في الحفاظ على البيئة المحلية لكل مجتمع. لقد أنتجت الـتسعة آلاف سنة من الحضارات في سورية أهم مواقع التراث الثقافي الأكثر إثارةً وروعةً في العالم، والمسجَّلة على قائمة اليونسكو للتراث العالمي. وتأثَّر معظم هذه المواقع بالكوارث الطبيعية، خاصة الزلازل، بسبب وقوع سورية في المنطقة الأكثر نشاطًا في الزلازل بين الصفائح التكتونية العربية والأورسيوية والإفريقية. لسوء الحظ، بالإضافة إلى تأثيرات هذه الكوارث الطبيعية، فإن كارثة الحرب المستمرة على سورية منذ آذار 2011 كانت لها نتيجة مدمِّرة على عديد من هذه المواقع التراثية.

تعرض هذه الورقة خطة عملية متكاملة لتخطيط وإدارة خطر الكوارث على مواقع التراث الثقافي السوري، خاصة تلك التي تضرَّرت نتيجة هذه الحرب الظالمة. ضمن هذا السياق، يُفهم التراث الثقافي في نطاقه الأوسع (أبعد من الآثار والمتاحف) ليتضمَّن تطوّر العلاقات الإنسانية مع البيئة الطبيعية التي تشمل الجوانب المادية وغير المادية لهذا التراث (وهذا ما يسمى بالأصالة).

عُرضت حالة دراسية في الإقليم الساحلي السوري تشمل سلسلة من مواقع التراث الثقافي الموجودة في محيط قلعة الحصن التي تضرَّرت بشكل بالغ نتيجة هذه الحرب، وكيف يمكن تأهيلها وإعادة إحيائها بربطها وتكاملها مع الفاعليات الحيوية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية والثقافية لمواقع هذه السلسلة المحيطة بالقلعة، مع إمكانية تطبيق هذه الخطة العملية وتطويرها لإعادة بناء وتأهيل جميع مواقع التراث الثقافي الأخرى المتضرَّرة في جميع الأقاليم السورية.
تقدير مخاطر استخدام أسلحة اليورانيوم المنضّب في العراق - الجزء الأول
Authors: العزاوي سعاد ناجي
Published: April 2020

الملخص

خلال حرب الخليج الأولى في عام 1991، وطوال العمليات العسكرية لاحتلال العراق في عام 2003، استخدمت القوات المسلحة الأمريكية والبريطانية ذخائر اليورانيوم المنضّب في مناطق مأهولة بالسكان، خاصة في جنوب العراق؛ ما أدى إلى تلوث المنطقة بالمواد المشعة.

أُجريت دراسة تقييم المخاطر الصحية لمنطقة مكتظة بالسكان تبلغ مساحتها نحو 1200 كم2، وتشمل مدن صفوان والزبير وغرب البصرة، والتي تعرضت لجرعات إشعاعية عالية بسبب تلوث اليورانيوم المنضب. أوضحت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن أهم مصدر للتعرض الإشعاعي في منطقة الدراسة هو استنشاق هباء اليورانيوم المنضّب وأكاسيده خلال الأشهر الأولى من العمليات العسكرية لعام 1991. ووُجد أن قيمة الجرعات السنوية الفعالة الناتجة من هذا المسار بلغت 435 ملّي سيفَرت تعرّضت لها القوات المسلحة العراقية في هذه المنطقة، وقرابة 167 ملّي سيفَرت تعرّض لها السكان في مدينة صفوان. كما بلغ إجمالي الجرعة الفعالة السنوية التي تعرض لها السكان في مدينتي الزبير وغرب البصرة بحدود 268.6 ملّي سيفَرت.

أما ثاني أعلى جرعة إشعاعية فعالة فقد نتجت من إعادة تعلّق وانبعاث اليورانيوم المنضّب وأكاسيده ونويدات سلسلة انحلاله من الدبابات المدمرة والتربة وغيرها من مواقع الآليات العسكرية المدمرة جنوب وغرب البصرة والناصرية؛ حيث مع كل عاصفة رملية وترابية، ظل السكان في هذه المناطق يتلقون جرعات إضافية من المناطق الملوثة باليورانيوم المنضّب؛ أي إن سكان منطقة الدراسة تعرّضوا لجرعات إشعاعية تصل قيمتها إلى نحو 200 مرة أعلى من الجرعة الإشعاعية السنوية التي يتلقاها أي شخص من مكان طبيعي في معظم أنحاء العالم، والتي لا تتجاوز 2.4 ملّي سيفَرت.

يشير التقييم أيضًا إلى أن قيم الجرعة السنوية الفعالة الناتجة من استنشاق هباء وأكاسيد اليورانيوم والنويدات المشعة التي يُعاد تعلّقها في الجو تبلغ نحو 90% من إجمالي الجرعة التي تشمل جميع المسارات الأخرى؛ أي إن الجرعات الناتجة من هضم الأغذية الملوثة والتعرّض لسحابة خارجية من اليورانيوم ونويدات الرادون تمثل أقل من 10% من إجمالي الجرعة الفعالة السنوية. في حين بلغ إجمالي الجرعة التراكمية للفترة 1991-1996 نحو 913.7 ملّي سيفَرت لمنطقة صفوان، و515 ملّي سيفَرت لمدينة الزبير وغرب مدينة البصرة.
Sustainability in Soybean Production from the Perspective of the Producers
Authors: Liszbinski Bianca Bigolin , Mello Eliane Spacil de , Brizolla Maria Margarete Baccin , Brum Argemiro Luís , Patias Tiago Zardin , Baggio Daniel Knebel
Published: April 2020

This study aims to analyze the sustainability in the context of soybean cultivation by the cultivators’ perspective. The research is descriptive, with quantitative evidences operationalized through the application of questionnaires to a sample of soybean producers in the state of Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil. It was executed descriptive analysis of the profiles of the soybean farmers and the properties and technical-agronomic aspects profiles, then subsequently, a correlation analysis between variables from the producers and properties profiles with the environmental, social and economic of sustainability dimension. By the result of the research, it was observed that the majority of soybean producers have been doing this work for 30 years, with low schooling. In addition, regarding the structure of the properties, the area intended for soybeans varies in the sample from 5 to 2,300 hectares, with 25.1% of producers allocating more than 296 hectares for this cultivation. In the production process, it was noticed that most producers use different inputs, such as herbicides, insecticides, fungicides and fertilizers, besides the care with the soil through the use of no-tillage system and search from crop diversification. In producers’ perspective of the sustainability, it is identified some significant associations between certain producers’ profiles and property variables with environmental, economic and social topics. However, the evidences, it is suggested a wariness from these analyses, since there is a disagreement in the literature on sustainability in agricultural activities, such as soybeans, because of the complexity of assessing the performance of farmer perception and sustainability indicators.