bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variación estacional de 25-hidroxi-vitamina D3, hormona paratiroidea y fosfatasa alcalina en niños escolares
Authors: Dominguez-Menendez Gonzalo , Poggi Helena , Moore Rosario , D’Apremont Ivonne , Arancibia Monica , Garcia Hernan , Segall Dafne , Allende Fidel , Solari Sandra , Martinez-Aguayo Alejandro
Published: December 2020

El principal rol de la vitamina D es la regulación del metabolismo del calcio, cuya principal fuente es la vitamina D3 que se obtiene principalmente por la acción de la luz ultravioleta (UV) en la piel.Objetivo: Evaluar las diferencias estacionales en las concentraciones de 25-hidroxi-vitamina D3 (25OHVitD3), hormona paratiroidea (PTH), fosfatasa alcalina (FA) y calcio en niños en edad escolar.Sujetos y Método: Se midieron las concentraciones de 25OHVitD3, PTH, FA y calcio en niños de 5 a 8 años, sin suplementación de Vitamina D, reclutados en Santiago de Chile (latitud -33.4372) en distintas estaciones del año. El estatus de VitD fue definido como suficiente con concentraciones de 25OHVitD3 > 20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L), insuficiente 12-20 ng/mL (30-50 nmol/L) y deficiente < 12 ng/ mL (30 nmol/L) en base a las recomendaciones del grupo de expertos del “Consenso Global para la Prevención y Manejo del Raquitismo Nutricional”.Resultados: En total participaron 133 niños (89 prematuros menor o igual a 32 semanas), 41 durante el verano, 28 en otoño, 35 en invierno y 29 en primavera. La diferencia de las medias entre el verano y el invierno fue de 9,6 ng/mL para 25OHVitD3 (p < 0,0001), -11,1 pg/mL para PTH (p < 0,0001) y -47,5 UI/mL para FA (p = 0,01). En las concentraciones de calcio no se observaron diferencias. El 97,6% de los sujetos fueron clasificados con estatus de suficiencia (> 20 ng/mL) en verano, lo que disminuyó significativamente en invierno (54,3%, p < 0,0001).Conclusiones: Las concentraciones de 25OHVitD3 disminuyeron en aproximadamente la mitad de los niños durante el invierno, lo que se vio acompañado de un aumento de la PTH y FA, asociado a concentraciones normales de calcio. De acuerdo a nuestros resultados, la suplementación con VitD en niños podría ser necesaria durante otoño e invierno
Prevalencia de Hipertensión Arterial en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales
Authors: Balestracci Alejandro , Capone Marina Andrea , Toledo Ismael , Sticotti Sebastián
Published: December 2020

La prevalencia de hipertensión arterial neonatal en las unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales (UCIN) varía entre el 3 y el 9%, sin embargo, no existe información actualizada de Latinoamérica.Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de hipertensión arterial y evaluar su asociación con causas previamente relacionadas con esta condición.Pacientes y Método: Estudio transversal que incluyó a todos los niños internados en una UCIN durante un año, excluidos aquellos trasladados a cirugía cardiovascular. Se registraron variables maternas y neonatales, hipertensión arterial materna, vía de parto, edad gestacional, edad, sexo, peso de nacimiento, Apgar, antecedente de maduración pulmonar con corticoides y cateterismo de vasos umbilicales. Se consignó motivo de ingreso a UCIN, medicamentos y complicaciones durante la hospitalización. La tensión arterial se registró con oscilómetro automatizado considerando hipertensión arterial según tablas para edad gestacional. La prevalencia se expresó como porcentaje (intervalo de confianza 95%, IC95%). La estadística descriptiva se presenta como mediana (rango) o frecuencia de presentación (porcentajes) y se buscó asociación con el Test de Wilcoxon, Chi2 o Fisher según correspondiera (p < 0,05).Resultados: Se reclutaron 169 pacientes (60% sexo masculino). Edad gestacional: 38 semanas (rango 26-42), 38% prematuros. Peso 3.000 g (rango 545-4.950), 32% bajo peso. Ocho pacientes presentaron hipertensión arterial (prevalencia 4,7%, IC95% 2,4-9). La presencia de hipertensión arterial se asoció con prematurez (p = 0,0003), bajo peso (p = 0,01), maduración pulmonar con corticoides (p = 0,002), cateterismo umbilical (p = 0,03), uso de ≥ 2 drogas nefrotóxicas (p = 0,02), tratamiento con cafeína (p = 0,0001), injuria renal aguda (p = 0,02) e hipertensión intracraneal (p = 0,04). Solo un paciente requirió medicación antihipertensiva y en todos los casos se normalizó durante el seguimiento.Conclusión: La prevalencia de hipertensión arterial neonatal fue de 4,7% y en todos los casos se presentó en niños prematuros con factores previamente reconocidos como asociados a esta condición.
Recomendación para la sospecha, manejo y seguimiento del compromiso cardiovascular en pacientes con Síndrome Inflamatorio Multisistémico en Pediatría asociado a COVID-19 (PIMS-TC). Declaración de Posición de la Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría (SOCHIPE) y Sociedad Chilena de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular (SOCHICAR)
Authors: Alvarez Z. Patricia , Larios G. Guillermo , Toro R. Lidia , Acevedo A. Valeria , Arancibia G. Francisca , Cárdenas M. Luis , Fernández C. Carlos
Published: December 2020

Desde la aparición de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2, la población pediátrica ha sido menos afectada por la enfermedad tanto en frecuencia como en severidad. Sin embargo, desde abril de este año se han reportado casos de presentación y gravedad variables, caracterizados por fenómenos inflamatorios que afectan múltiples órganos, condición denominada Síndrome Inflamatorio Multisistémico Pediátrico (PIMS). La literatura describe frecuente compromiso cardíaco, hasta en un 80%. Este se caracteriza por injuria miocárdica con significativa elevación de biomarcadores: Troponinas séricas I/T, BNP o NT-ProBNP, unido a diversos grados de disfunción ventricular, pericarditis, valvulitis y arritmias. Además, se ha evidenciado la presencia de compromiso coronario el cual puede ocurrir hasta en un 23% de los casos, en un rango que va desde dilataciones hasta aneurismas. El seguimiento cardiológico hospitalizado y ambulatorio se ha sistematizado en base a los fenotipos clínicos de presentación: injuria miocárdica (miocarditis, valvulitis, pericarditis), shock (habitualmente de tipo “vasopléjico”), manifestaciones tipo Enfermedad de Kawasaki y aquellos casos PIMS que no cumplen con la clínica de los tres precedentes. Este último grupo es el que representa el mayor desafío en el corto, mediano y seguimiento a largo plazo. Por esta razón se requiere un equipo multidisciplinario para su manejo. Considerando la alta frecuencia del compromiso cardíaco en el PIMS y la importancia de lograr un consenso en su manejo y seguimiento, se presentan estas recomendaciones según el estado actual del conocimiento de esta patología recientemente descrita.
O direito à cidade da população em situação de rua e os espaços públicos
Authors: Silva Mário Augusto Paixão Da , Saule Junior Nelson
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho faz uma análise do direito à cidade e a (não) inserção da população em situação de rua enquanto sujeitos de direitos de usar e fruir adequadamente dos espaços públicos destinados à toda coletividade. O trabalho consiste em pesquisa científica que utiliza materiais históricos e qualitativos, tendo sido efetuada através de consultas em livros, revistas, boletins, sites disponíveis sobre a matéria, além da vivência empírica dos autores com o trabalho de campo. O tema abordado trata do direito à cidade enquanto novo paradigma para enfrentar os principais desafios impostos aos centros urbanos, como acesso aos espaços públicos, redução da pobreza, combate à exclusão social e prevenção de danos ambientais. Nesse contexto, o atendimento à população em situação de rua é questão urgente e necessária para se equalizar o acesso aos espaços públicos nas regiões fortemente afetadas pelo consumo de substâncias entorpecentes e pelo alto adensamento populacional nas vias públicas. O direito à cidade prevê ações decisivas e políticas públicas específicas em nível nacional, regional e local para atender a esse público que vive em situação de extrema pobreza e vulnerabilidade social. O trabalho demonstra que as ações realizadas pelo Poder Público para mitigação do fenômeno social da população em situação de rua são insuficientes para dar conta do amplo e complexo quadro de carências e necessidades instalado entre aqueles que perderam todos os vínculos com a sociedade, com o mundo do trabalho, com a família e as demais instituições.
Kinesiology terminology in Croatian sign language
Authors: Vuljanić Ana , Tišma Dragana , Naumovski Angel
Published: December 2020

The kinesiological areas of education, sport, sports recreation and kinesitherapy of children and youth with hearing impairment present a methodological and didactical problem, which occurs due to the specific characteristics that people with hearing impairment possess. The communication aspect of the work with children and youth with hearing impairment is considerably limited. Therefore, to ensure an optimal and continuous kinesiological process, it is important to know all the specificities of working with them. The main goal of this paper is to outline some general recommendations and adjustments related to the work
with children and youth with hearing impairment in kinesiological areas. Special attention will be given to the communication systems and the presentation of kinesiological terminology in the Croatian sign language in order to optimize the communication aspect. This professional paper is an introduction to a more comprehensive manual on the specifics of children and youth with hearing impairment in the motor
environment, specialties of kinesiological education, with the addition
of general recommendations and adaptations for work and a wider presentation of kinesiological terminology in the Croatian sign language. The basic knowledge on the methodological, didactic and communication approach to children and youth with hearing impairment in the field of kinesiological education, as well as other kinesiological orientations will be given to the educators, teachers and professors who
are not sufficiently informed and adequately educated in this field during their studies, as well as to the current students of the same orientations.
Social networks for better education and better grades
Authors: Pavin Banović Alta , Dravinski Sanja
Published: December 2020

The goal of the paper is to show the results of a research conducted among students of Medical School Osijek on the use of social media as tools for exchanging educational content with their teachers, which leads to a better adoption of the content and better grades. Teachers and students learn about social media through preventive programs. The research method is an online survey conducted in 10 class departments. Results: Modern social media used in teaching enable better communication between students and teachers, faster information flow and
easier preparation of students for school as well as development of a positive attitude on the use of social media in the teaching process.
Promjena perspektive o ranim rimskim migracijama na Sredozemlju. Slučaj istočnoga Jadrana
Authors: Sanader Mirjana , Vukov Mirna , Bužanić Domagoj
Published: December 2020

Migracije ljudi neizostavan su dio ljudske povijesti. One mogu biti i uzrok i posljedica, ali isto tako i katalizator društvenih promjena na nekome području. Migracije u doba rimskih osvajanja donedavno su u znanstvenoj raspravi bile slabo zastupljene u odnosu na izvještaje i komentare ratova i ostalih političkih zbivanja i aktera. Isto vrijedi i za sukobe na istočnoj jadranskoj obali. Zbog toga je cilj ovoga rada istražiti tragove i prirodu migracija koje su se događale uslijed ilirskih ratova i postupnoga nametanja Rima kao vladara ovog područja od 3. st. pr. Kr. pa do sredine 1. st. pr. Kr.
Severity of potato late blight under different weather conditions in Mymensingh region of Bangladesh
Authors: Monjil MS , Ulfat T
Published: December 2020

An experiment has been conducted to observed the disease severity of late blight of potato in the different weather parameters viz., air temperature, soil temperature, dew points, percent relative humidity and period of sunshine. The experiment was conducted in the Net-house, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during July 2016 to November 2017. Weather data were collected on daily basis from BAU weather station during the experimental period. A significant role of weather parameters was detected in disease development and disease progress. Temperature was strongly linked with the late blight infection in potato. From 15 December, 2016 to 12 January, 2017 air temperature was ranged from 21.00-23.50°C and soil temperature was ranged from 19.00-22.00°C, and this range late blight incidence was not detected in the potato plant. From 13-14 January air and soil temperature suddenly decreased 2°C and from next day again increased the temperature as well as starting late blight disease symptoms. It was observed that dew point and percent relative humidity have a big role on late blight disease severity of potato. In 13-14 January, 2017 dew point decreased from 14°C to 8°C and Percent RH decreased from 80% to 51%. From 14 January, 2017, disease symptoms were observed in potato leaves and rapidly increased. Thus, late blight of potato disease may respond to the variation of temperature, dew point and relative humidity.

Progressive Agriculture 31 (2): 74-80, 2020
Integrated pest management approach to control thrips of roses
Authors: Munmun TS , Alam MJ , Islam M , Ahmed NU , Polash MH , Mahmud NU
Published: December 2020

The experiment was conducted at established rose garden of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jashore during 2017-18 and 2018-19 winter season (November-April). The experiment was laid out in a RCBD design with three dispersed replications. Four treatment combination were as follows: T1 =IPM package-1: Mechanical control + Sticky trap (Blue and White) + weekly spray of Azadirechtin (Bio-neem plus 1EC) @ 1.0ml/L of water, T2 = IPM package-2: Mechanical control+ Sticky trap (Blue and White)+ spray of Thiamethoxam 20% (Virtako 40SC) @ 1.5 ml/L of water, T3 = IPM package-3: Mechanical control+ Sticky trap (Blue and White)+ weekly spray Chlorphenapyr (Intrepid 10EC) @ 1 ml/L of water and T4 = Farmers practice: weekly spray Imidacloprid (Imitaf 20SL) @ 0.5ml/L of water. For mechanical control hand picking was done and harmful insect also classified as the most direct and the quickest way to remove clearly visible pests. Two color stiky trap (white and blue) were set up in each line. The lowest number of rose thrips was found in IPM package 2 (6.36 in 2017-18 and 3.03 in 2018-19) and highest in farmer’s practices (14.36 in 2017-18 and 12.40 in 2018-19). The lowest percent flower infestation of rose was recorded in IPM package 2 (9.98 to 17%) and the highest in Farmers practice (19.72 to 32.66%). The highest yield (864000 no./ha in 2017-18 and 535932 no./ha) was recorded from IPM package 2 and the lowest in farmers practice (438750 no./ha in 2017-18 and 388857 no./ha). The results revealed the highest MBCR was observed in IPM package-2 (Mechanical control+ Sticky trap (Blue and White) + spray of Thiamethoxam 20% (Virtako 40SC) @ 1.5 ml/L of water.) treated plot (17.2 to 49.7) in both the year. Finally, it may be recommended that IPM package 2 is very much effective to control thrips of rose as well as high yield and more economic return.

Progressive Agriculture 31 (2): 89-93, 2020
COVID-19 Australia: Epidemiology Report 31: Fortnightly reporting period ending 6 December 2020
Authors:   COVID-19 National Incident Room Surveillance Team
Published: December 2020

Nationally, COVID-19 notifications remained at low levels this fortnight. Testing rates also decreased during the surveillance period. The daily average number of cases was eight compared to an average of 11 cases for the previous fortnight. There were 109 cases of COVID-19 and no deaths this fortnight, bringing the cumulative case count to 28,049 and 908 deaths. New South Wales reported the highest proportion of cases again this fortnight (54%; 59/109), with the majority of these acquired overseas (97%; 57/59). Locally-acquired cases accounted for 5% (5/109) of all cases reported this fortnight, with one of these from an unknown source. FluTracking data indicated that 47% of people in the community with ‘fever and cough’ and 19% of those with ‘runny nose and sore throat’ were tested for SARS-CoV-2, which was a decrease from the previous reporting period. Testing rates decreased to 9.3 tests per 1,000 population per week during this reporting period, representing a 29% decrease in fortnightly tests conducted compared to the last reporting period. The overall positivity rate for the reporting period remains at 0.03%.
К вопросу о датировании олонхо
Authors: Тихонов Дмитрий , Захарова Агафья , Poarch Elisabeth , Неустроева Татьяна , Слепцова Ализана
Published: December 2020

Период появления олонхо интересует умы исследователей еще со времен П.А. Ойунского. Впервые в 1927 г. он предположил, что олонхо мог появиться в виде отдельных повествований о войнах в период татарского и монгольского нашествия на Китай. В настоящем исследовании нами сделана попытка выяснения приблизительного времени появления олонхо на основе междисциплинарного подхода.

Целью исследования является определение элементов архаического, древнего и средневековых элементов олонхо и определения приблизительного периода их появления в различных сюжетах олонхо.

Методы исследования. Нами проведен обзор доступной литературы по якутскому эпосоведению, популяционной генетике, истории и этногенезу саха. При датировании времени появления олонхо нами использован метод, предложенный П.А. Ойунским. Картина современного представления об этногенезе саха составлена на основе анализа новейших исторических, археологических, генетических, гуманитарных данных, также собственных исследований по данному вопросу.

Результаты. Героический эпос олонхо является архаическим жанром устного народного творчества, в своем составе, содержащем элементы архаического, древнего и средневекового периодов, вовлеченные в тексты олонхо в разные эпохи. Следует отметить, что при этом олонхо как устный жанр эволюционировал от мифов о сотворении мира к целостному произведению в виде героического эпоса, сложение которого завершилось на территории Средней Лены с формированием Кулун-Атахской культуры. За последние 35 000 лет на территории Северо-Восточной Сибири сменилось несколько волн масштабных миграций древнего населения, но женское население региона оставалось постоянным. Как мы полагаем, именно оно сохранило и внесло в олонхо самые архаические мотивы, как наиболее консервативный и традиционный элемент народонаселения. Общие вступительные зачины героических эпосов тюркско-монгольских народов о сотворении мира, вероятно были включены в тексты олонхо во время расцвета сюнской (хуннской) общности. Начиная с XII в. наблюдается усиление монгольского влияния, что видно из наличия монголизмов в якутском языке и появление антропонимов бурят-монгольского происхождения XI-XVII вв.
Damage to the digestive tract in COVID-19, cause or consequence. Will an oral vaccine be effective?
Authors: Tikhonov Dmitrii , Vladimirtsev Vsevolod
Published: December 2020

Analysis of the pathways of the virus infiltration, the features of digestive lesions in COVID-19 and the search for an answer to the dilemma: Is the digestive system affected by this viral infection the cause or consequence? - allowed us to formulate a hypothesis about the possibility of developing a safe and effective oral vaccine against SARS-Cov-2. This paper substantiated the hypothesis. In our opinion, the oral vaccine against SARS-Cov-2 is likely to be the safest, even with the use of an attenuated strain of the virus.
İŞBİRLİĞİNE DAYALI ÖĞRENME AMAÇLI YAZMA AKTİVİTELERİNİN SOSYAL BİLGİLER ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ GÜNÜMÜZ DÜNYA SORUNLARINA YÖNELİK AKADEMİK BAŞARILARINA VE TUTUMLARINA ETKİSİ
Authors: AKDAĞ Sinan , YILDIZ Emre
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı işbirlikli mektup ve işbirlikli klasik rapor çalışmalarının sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının günümüz dünya sorunları dersindeki akademik başarılarına etkisini ve öğrenme amaçlı yazma ile ders başarısı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Araştırmanın yöntemi öntest- sontest karşılaştırma gruplu yarı deneysel desendir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2019-2020 eğitim öğretim yılında öğrenim görmekte olan Atatürk Üniversitesi Kazım Karabekir Eğitim Fakültesi sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adayları oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma iki deney grubuyla 6 haftada toplamda 12 ders saatinde ilgili uymamalarla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Akademik Başarı Testi (ABT), mektup yazma ve klasik rapor yazma değerlendirme rubriği kullanılmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarına uygulama öncesi yapılan öntestten elde edilen verilere göre iki farklı uygulamanın yapıldığı öğretmen adaylarının ön bilgi düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir fark ortaya çıkmamıştır. İşbirlikli klasik rapor ve işbirlikli mektup yazma etkinliklerinin, öğretmen adaylarının akademik başarılarını istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde artırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının günümüz dünya sorunlarına yönelik tutumları arasında işbirlikli mektup yazma uygulanan öğretmen adayları lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca Öğretmen adaylarının işbirlikli mektup yazma becerilerinin ve işbirlikli klasik rapor yazma becerileri arasında anlamlı derece bir fark olmadığı belirlenmiştir.
Spot Survei Reservoir Leptospira di Daerah Dataran Rendah dan Dataran Tinggi
Authors: Sholichah Zumrotus , Wijayanti Tri , Raharjo Jarohman , Widiastuti Dyah , Ningsih Dewi Puspita , Priyanto Dwi , Kesuma Agung Puja
Published: December 2020

ENGLISHThe presence of rats and direct contact with rat is a risk factor of Leptospirosis. Rats play an important role in the transmission of Leptospira to humans. Rats are able to adapt in all habitats from the coast to the highlands. The purpose of this paper is to describe rats as Leptospira reservoirs in the lowlands and highlands as a picture of rats confirmed by the source of Leptospira transmission for animals, humans and their environment and serovar circulating in the lowlands and highlands. This research uses deskriptif approach  with a cross-sectional design, carried out around the latest leptospirosis cases in Mojolawaran Village, Gabus District and Tajungsari Village, Tlogowungu District, Pati Regency. Data collection was carried out in April-May 2011. The Results of the research showed that the number of rats caught is higher in the lowlands with almost the same number of species between the lowlands and highlands with trap success 15,33%. Rats infected with Leptospira in the lowlands are Rattus tanezumi while in the highlands are Rattus tanezumi and Suncus murinus so that R. tanezumi and S. murinus act as reservoirs of Leptospira and sources of transmission at the survey sites with serovars infected are Hardjo, Autumnalis and Sejroe. INDONESIAKeberadaan tikus dan kontak dengan tikus merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya leptospirosis. Tikus berperan penting dalam menularkan Leptospira kepada manusia serta mampu beradaptasi di segala habitat dari daerah pantai hingga dataran tinggi. Tujuan penelitian  ini untuk mendeskripsikan tikus sebagai reservoir Leptospira di dataran rendah dan dataran tinggi sebagai gambaran jenis tikus yang terkonfirmasi sumber penularan Leptospira bagi hewan, manusia, dan lingkungannya serta serovar yang bersirkulasi di dataran rendah dan dataran tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dengan rancangan potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan di sekitar kasus leptospirosis terbaru di Desa Mojolawaran Kecamatan Gabus dan Desa Tajungsari Kecamatan Tlogowungu Kabupaten Pati. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada April-Mei 2011. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah tikus tertangkap lebih banyak di dataran rendah dengan jumlah spesies yang hampir sama antara dataran rendah dan tinggi dengan keberhasilan penangkapan 15,33%. Spesies tikus yang terinfeksi Leptospira di dataran rendah adalah Rattus tanezumi, sedangkan di dataran tinggi adalah Rattus tanezumi dan Suncus murinus. R. tanezumi dan S. murinus berperan sebagai reservoir Leptospira dan sumber penularan di lokasi survei dengan serovar yang menginfeksi adalah Hardjo, Autumnalis dan Sejroe.
“Keratrop” eye drops efficacy in dry eye syndrome treatment in diabetic patients
Authors: Bakhritdinova F. A. , Haydarova F. A. , Narzikulova K. I. , Nabieva I. F.
Published: December 2020

Significance. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide. People with diabetes are at higher risk to dry eye syndrome (DES). The increasing dependence of society on computers, air conditioning, and visual workload, etc. results in an increase in the manifestations of DES in diabetic patients. A significant part of the socially active population with diabetes requires prescription of drugs aimed at correcting disorders associated with both hyperglycemia and dry eyes. Conservative treatment of DES in case of diabetes includes prescription of artificial tears, metabolic, immunocorrecting, hormonal, antiallergic therapies as well as treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). The tear substitutes, however, cannot always satisfy the needs of doctors and patients due to the imperfections of their formulas. Therefore, more and more new drugs are introduced to the market that require a comprehensive assessment.

Purpose. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Keratrop eye drops – a new artificial tear formulation – in dry eye syndrome treatment in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods. The study included 65 patients (130 eyes) with dry eye syndrome stages I and II associated with mild and moderate diabetes. These were adult patients of both sexes who had not previously received artificial tears as treatment and were undergoing either inpatient or domiciliary care. All studied patients provided a written informed consent and were divided into 2 groups by random sampling. The main group (35 patients) was receiving Keratrop instillations 2 times a day during 14 days, in the course of antidiabetic treatment. Instillations of “artificial tear” were not prescribed to patients of the control group (30 patients), and they only received antidiabetic treatment prescribed by the endocrinologist. Before and after treatment, all patients underwent standard ophthalmic examinations, meibography imaging, tear film assessment and filled in OSDI questionnaires.

Results. The study showed that during treatment, in patients of the experimental group – with both I and II dry eye syndrome stages – a significant decrease in subjective and objective manifestations was observed, along with an improvement in the tear film stability. In the control group, positive dynamics was observed only in patients with the first stage of dry eye syndrome.

Conclusion. Dry eye syndrome treatment in patients with diabetes should be comprehensive and must include both basic antidiabetic therapy and instillation of tear substitutes.
A cafeicultura na microrregião de Varginha - MG
Authors: Dionisio Vivaldi Guilherme Augusto , Dos Santos Portugal Júnior Pedro , Ferreira Alves Alessandro
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho propõe-se a descrever o comportamento da cultura do café na microrregião de Varginha – MG entre os anos de 2008 a 2018. Tal abordagem se justifica por Minas Gerais ser a maior região produtora de café do Brasil, e a microrregião estudada possuir cidades que estão entre as maiores produtoras brasileiras. Desta forma, o objetivo principal do trabalho é verificar o comportamento das variáveis relativas à cultura do café nas 16 cidades pertencentes a microrregião. Para atingir tais propósitos, será realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o tema, bem como uma pesquisa quantitativa através de dados secundários extraídos de fontes oficiais governamentais e de institutos voltados ao café, tendo como indicadores pesquisados a área em produção, produção, produtividade, emprego do trabalhador do café, salários e exportações, entre 2008 e 2018. Para interpretações e conclusões, foram realizadas análises descritivas e cruzamentos entre as variáveis. O resultado da pesquisa mostra que apesar da queda da área em produção e do baixo crescimento do trabalho nesta cultura, a produtividade aumentou significativamente, além de demonstrar queda nas exportações contrariando a teoria de base de exportação de Douglas North, na busca por melhoria no desenvolvimento regional.
MASKS AND CARNIVALS IN CONTEMPORARY SARDINIA
Authors: Mannia Sebastiano
Published: December 2020

The carnival occupies an important place in Sardinia, and attracts the attention of scholars with its continuously renewed meanings and functions. Furthermore, the institution of carnival is one of the cultural traits that has most oriented enhancement, research, re-proposal, revitalization of spontaneous groups and cultural associations: local traditions are re-learned and reworked along with specific identities and new forms of expression. In this sense, we can speak of new carnivals; cultural heritage in new economic and social contexts. In other words: today's representations and masks refer to an alleged tradition to respond to contemporary needs and requests. In the case of Sardinian carnivals, enhancement, recovery, re-proposal are usually spontaneous, endogenous processes, and they are, first of all, initiated to respond to «identity needs». The contribution tries to reflect on these issues, emphasizing the complexity of the carnival phenomenon in Sardinia.
Keywords masks, carnivals, cultural heritages, Sardinia
Роль и функционирование традиционной женской одежды арбрешей Италии в современном социокультурном пространстве
Authors: Сулоева Марина Александровна
Published: December 2020

Статья посвящена традиционной женской одежде арбрешей Сицилии, в частности этнической группы, проживающей в Пьяна-дельи-Альбанези. Арбреши – это выходцы с территории Балканского полуострова, мигрировавшие в итальянские земли в XV–XVIII вв. Традиционная одежда Пьяна-дельи-Альбанези рассмотрена как целостное этнокультурное явление, веками создаваемое и продолжающее жить в современном социокультурном пространстве. Автор прослеживает изменение женского костюма и выявляет специфику функционирования его отдельных элементов. Проведенное исследование позволяет заключить, что для традиционной одежды арбрешей характерны относительная устойчивость основных моделей женского платья, вариативность отдельных элементов внутри комплексов, заимствование предметов одежды в результате длительного межкультурного взаимодействия с представителями доминантной культуры, а также сильное влияние европейской моды на окончательное формирование внешнего облика костюма. Арбреши считают себя хранителями и продолжателями собственных традиций, поэтому стараются создать и законсервировать определенный тип костюма, который, несмотря на включённость заимствованных элементов, воспринимается носителями и транслируется в мировое культурное сообщество как национальный. Исследовательскую базу работы составили искусствоведческие и этнографические исследования, а также собственные полевые материалы автора, собранные в ходе полевых работ, проводившихся на Сицилии в Пьяна-дельи-Альбанези и Палермо (2016–2017 гг.), в Косово (2015 г.) и южной Албании (2014–2015 гг.).
The article is devoted to the traditional women's clothing of the Arbresh diaspora in Piana degli Albanesi in Sicilia. The Arbresh are immigrants from the Balkan Peninsula who migrated to Italian lands in the 15th century. The traditional clothes of Piana degli Albanesei are considered as an integral ethnocultural phenomenon that has been being created for centuries and continues to exist in the modern sociocultural space. The author traces the change in women's costume and reveals the specifics of its individual elements functioning. The Arbresh consider themselves to be keepers and successors of their own traditions, so they try to create and preserve a certain type of costume, which, despite the borrowed elements, is perceived and transmitted to the world community as an ethnic one. The research base of the work was made up of ethnographic and art studies, as well as the author's own field materials collected during fieldwork in Sicily in Piana degli Albanesi and Palermo (2016-2017), in Kosovo (2015) and southern Albania (2014–2015).
THE REVITALIZATION OF THE WEST PADEMAWU VILLAGE MARKET, BECOME A THEMATIC MARKET
Authors: FAWAID Akh. , Wafa Ali
Published: December 2020

The new village market that was built in Pademawu Barat Village, Pademawu District, is not yet fully able to compete with the traditional markets that were running earlier. The inability to compete, includes, the level of visits to the market is low, the income of market management is low, so that the people don't want to visit the village market. The Village Government prefers the important thing to build a physical market, rather than presentations on the future of the Village market. From these problems, researchers want to encourage the realization of thematic markets. As a result, the average community agreed that the market should be used as a thematic market. With the hope, the number of visitors can increase. The method in this research is to use a qualitative descriptive research method.
GSK3α: An Important Paralog in Neurodegenerative Disorders and Cancer
Authors: Silva-García Octavio , Cortés-Vieyra Ricarda , Mendoza-Ambrosio Francisco N. , Ramírez-Galicia Guillermo , Baizabal-Aguirre Víctor M.
Published: December 2020

The biological activity of the enzyme glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) is fulfilled by two paralogs named GSK3α and GSK3β, which possess both redundancy and specific functions. The upregulated activity of these proteins is linked to the development of disorders such as neurodegenerative disorders (ND) and cancer. Although various chemical inhibitors of these enzymes restore the brain functions in models of ND such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and reduce the proliferation and survival of cancer cells, the particular contribution of each paralog to these effects remains unclear as these molecules downregulate the activity of both paralogs with a similar efficacy. Moreover, given that GSK3 paralogs phosphorylate more than 100 substrates, the simultaneous inhibition of both enzymes has detrimental effects during long-term inhibition. Although the GSK3β kinase function has usually been taken as the global GSK3 activity, in the last few years, a growing interest in the study of GSK3α has emerged because several studies have recognized it as the main GSK3 paralog involved in a variety of diseases. This review summarizes the current biological evidence on the role of GSK3α in AD and various types of cancer. We also provide a discussion on some strategies that may lead to the design of the paralog-specific inhibition of GSK3α.
Novel Thiosemicarbazones Sensitize Pediatric Solid Tumor Cell-Types to Conventional Chemotherapeutics through Multiple Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Paukovcekova Silvia , Skoda Jan , Neradil Jakub , Mikulenkova Erika , Chlapek Petr , Sterba Jaroslav , Richardson Des R. , Veselska Renata
Published: December 2020

Combining low-dose chemotherapies is a strategy for designing less toxic and more potent childhood cancer treatments. We examined the effects of combining the novel thiosemicarbazones, di-2-pyridylketone 4-cyclohexyl-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (DpC), or its analog, di-2-pyridylketone-4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (Dp44mT), with the standard chemotherapies, celecoxib (CX), etoposide (ETO), or temozolomide (TMZ). These combinations were analyzed for synergism to inhibit proliferation of three pediatric tumor cell-types, namely osteosarcoma (Saos-2), medulloblastoma (Daoy) and neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y). In terms of mechanistic dissection, this study discovered novel thiosemicarbazone targets not previously identified and which are important for considering possible drug combinations. In this case, DpC and Dp44mT caused: (1) up-regulation of a major protein target of CX, namely cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2); (2) down-regulation of the DNA repair protein, O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), which is known to affect TMZ resistance; (3) down-regulation of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, MSH2 and MSH6, in Daoy and SH-SY5Y cells; and (4) down-regulation in all three cell-types of the MMR repair protein, MLH1, and also topoisomerase 2α (Topo2α), the latter of which is an ETO target. While thiosemicarbazones up-regulate the metastasis suppressor, NDRG1, in adult cancers, it is demonstrated herein for the first time that they induce NDRG1 in all three pediatric tumor cell-types, validating its role as a potential target. In fact, siRNA studies indicated that NDRG1 was responsible for MGMT down-regulation that may prevent TMZ resistance. Examining the effects of combining thiosemicarbazones with CX, ETO, or TMZ, the most promising synergism was obtained using CX. Of interest, a positive relationship was observed between NDRG1 expression of the cell-type and the synergistic activity observed in the combination of thiosemicarbazones and CX. These studies identify novel thiosemicarbazone targets relevant to childhood cancer combination chemotherapy.
Matrix Drug Screen Identifies Synergistic Drug Combinations to Augment SMAC Mimetic Activity in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Noonan Anne M. , Cousins Amanda , Anderson David , Zeligs Kristen P. , Bunch Kristen , Hernandez Lidia , Shibuya Yusuke , Goldlust Ian S. , Guha Rajarshi , Ferrer Marc , Thomas Craig J. , Annunziata Christina M.
Published: December 2020

Inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins are frequently upregulated in ovarian cancer, resulting in the evasion of apoptosis and enhanced cellular survival. Birinapant, a synthetic second mitochondrial activator of caspases (SMAC) mimetic, suppresses the functions of IAP proteins in order to enhance apoptotic pathways and facilitate tumor death. Despite on-target activity, however, pre-clinical trials of single-agent birinapant have exhibited minimal activity in the recurrent ovarian cancer setting. To augment the therapeutic potential of birinapant, we utilized a high-throughput screening matrix to identify synergistic drug combinations. Of those combinations identified, birinapant plus docetaxel was selected for further evaluation, given its remarkable synergy both in vitro and in vivo. We showed that this synergy results from multiple convergent pathways to include increased caspase activation, docetaxel-mediated TNF-α upregulation, alternative NF-kB signaling, and birinapant-induced microtubule stabilization. These findings provide a rationale for the integration of birinapant and docetaxel in a phase 2 clinical trial for recurrent ovarian cancer where treatment options are often limited and minimally effective.
Ovarian Cancer and Pregnancy—A Current Problem in Perinatal Medicine: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Franciszek Dłuski Dominik , Mierzyński Radzisław , Poniedziałek-Czajkowska Elżbieta , Leszczyńska-Gorzelak Bożena
Published: December 2020

The frequency of concomitant adnexal tumors in pregnancy is reported to be at 0.15–5.7%, while ovarian cancer complicates 1 in 15,000 to 1 in 32,000 pregnancies, being the second most common gynecologic cancer diagnosed during pregnancy. The aim of this review is to discuss the problem of ovarian cancer complicating pregnancy and the current recommendations for diagnostics and treatment, with an emphasis on the risk to the fetus. A detailed analysis of the literature found in the PubMed and MEDLINE databases using the keywords “ovarian cancer”, “ovarian malignancy”, “adnexal masses”, “ovarian tumor” and “pregnancy” was performed. There were no studies on a large series of pregnant women treated for ovarian malignancies and the management has not been well established. The diagnostics and therapeutic procedures need to be individualized with respect to the histopathology of the tumor, its progression, the gestational age at the time of diagnosis and the mother’s decisions regarding pregnancy preservation. The multidisciplinary cooperation of specialists in perinatal medicine, gynecological oncology, chemotherapy, neonatology and psychology seems crucial in order to obtain the best possible maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Effects of the Steam Ingestion on the Aerodynamic Stability of an Axial Compressor
Authors: Tu Baofeng , Zhang Xinyu , Hu Jun
Published: December 2020

In order to investigate the influence of steam ingestion on the aerodynamic stability of a two-stage low-speed axial-flow compressor, multiphase flow numerical simulation and experiment were carried out. The total pressure ratio and stall margin of the compressor was decreased under steam ingestion. When the compressor worked at 40% and 53% of the nominal speed, the stall margin decreased, respectively, by 1.5% and 6.3%. The ingested steam reduced the inlet Mach number and increased the thickness of the boundary layer on the suction surface of the blade. The low-speed region around the trailing edge of the blade was increased, and the flow separation region of the boundary layer on the suction surface of the blade was expanded; thus, the compressor was more likely to enter the stall state. The higher the rotational speed, the more significant the negative influence of steam ingestion on the compressor stall margin. The entropy and temperature of air were increased by steam. The heat transfer between steam and air was continuous in compressor passages. The entropy of the air in the later stage was higher than that in the first stage; consequently, the flow loss in the second stage was more serious. Under the combined action of steam ingestion and counter-rotating bulk swirl distortion, the compressor stability margin loss was more obvious. When the rotor speed was 40% and 53% of the nominal speed, the stall margin decreased by 6.3% and 12.64%, respectively.
Numerical Study on Optimal Scheme of the Geothermally Heated Bridge Deck System
Authors: Lyu Weidong , Pu Hefu , Chen Jiannan (Nick) , Gao Zelei
Published: December 2020

Ground source deicing system application in bridge decks is an alternative to salt use, which reduces corrosion and extends the deck service life. Herein, a preliminary parametric numerical analysis is performed to investigate the effects of several important parameters (tube spacing, inlet temperature, flow rate, and concrete cover) on heat transfer performance. Three evaluation indexes (average top surface temperature, snow melting proportion, and heat absorption power) are introduced, and a synthetic evaluation index is proposed to comprehensively consider factors. Mainly referring to the synthetic evaluation index, the optimal design scheme of a geothermally heated bridge deck system under various conditions (layout, lane number, ambient temperature, and tube spacing) is obtained and analyzed to determine the optimal inlet temperature and guide heated bridge deck design. Finally, the influence of wind speed and two adjustment methods are studied. The results indicate that the horizontal layout is the recommended circulating tube layout. The established empirical equations reveal that the optimal inlet temperature is linearly related to ambient temperature and exhibits a quadratic relationship with tube spacing. There is no need to add a heat insulation layer at the bridge deck bottom, and only tubes arranged near the wheels in lanes are recommended.
Renewable Energy Utilization in Rural Residential Housing: Economic and Environmental Facets
Authors: Siudek Aleksandra , Klepacka Anna M. , Florkowski Wojciech J. , Gradziuk Piotr
Published: December 2020

Energy and climate policies benefit from modernized construction technology and energy supply source choices. Energy-efficiency improvement and CO2 emission reduction will result from renewable energy (RE) utilization in new and retrofit single-family houses in rural Poland. Several house construction scenarios and heating energy sources comparing building costs and potential emission reduction are based on already existing structures calculated for a 100 m2 dwelling corresponding to the average rural home. With the addition of thermal insulation and RE-generating equipment, construction costs increase, but the energy costs of operating the home dramatically shrink between a conventional and energy-neutral house. The latter scenario includes thermal solar panels and a heat pump as heating energy sources as well as electricity-generating PV panels. Replacing coal with environmentally-friendly RE reduces CO2 emissions by about 90% annually. Additionally, lower dependence on coal lessens other GHG emissions leading to immediate air quality improvement. New house building regulations guide homeowner construction and heating energy choice, but even larger gains could result from retrofitting existing rural houses, expanding environmental benefits and generating energy bill savings to households. However, the varying climate throughout Poland will require the purchase of energy in winter to assure residents’ comfort.
Development of a Self-Harm Monitoring System for Victoria
Authors: Robinson Jo , Witt Katrina , Lamblin Michelle , Spittal Matthew J. , Carter Greg , Verspoor Karin , Page Andrew , Rajaram Gowri , Rozova Vlada , Hill Nicole T. M. , Pirkis Jane , Bleeker Caitlin , Pleban Alex , Knott Jonathan C.
Published: December 2020

The prevention of suicide and suicide-related behaviour are key policy priorities in Australia and internationally. The World Health Organization has recommended that member states develop self-harm surveillance systems as part of their suicide prevention efforts. This is also a priority under Australia’s Fifth National Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Plan. The aim of this paper is to describe the development of a state-based self-harm monitoring system in Victoria, Australia. In this system, data on all self-harm presentations are collected from eight hospital emergency departments in Victoria. A natural language processing classifier that uses machine learning to identify episodes of self-harm is currently being developed. This uses the free-text triage case notes, together with certain structured data fields, contained within the metadata of the incoming records. Post-processing is undertaken to identify primary mechanism of injury, substances consumed (including alcohol, illicit drugs and pharmaceutical preparations) and presence of psychiatric disorders. This system will ultimately leverage routinely collected data in combination with advanced artificial intelligence methods to support robust community-wide monitoring of self-harm. Once fully operational, this system will provide accurate and timely information on all presentations to participating emergency departments for self-harm, thereby providing a useful indicator for Australia’s suicide prevention efforts.
Effects of Eccentric Single-Leg Decline Squat Exercise on the Morphological and Structural Properties of the Vastus Lateralis and Patellar Tendon
Authors: Abián Pablo , Martínez Fernando , Jiménez Fernando , Abián-Vicén Javier
Published: December 2020

The purpose was to examine the effect of 6-week eccentric single-leg decline squat (SLDSe) training with two technical execution times (3 s or 6 s) on changes related to the structural properties of the vastus lateralis (VL) and patellar tendon (PT). Thirty-six physical active volunteers were randomly divided into three groups: control group (CG, n = 13, age = 20.8 ± 1.9 years, no intervention program), experimental group 1 (EG1, n = 11, age = 21.6 ± 2.5 years, execution time = 6 s) and experimental group 2 (EG2, n = 12, 21.1 ± 1.2 years, execution time = 3 s). Participants completed a 6-week SLDSe training program (80% of 1-RM) three days a week. The structural characteristics of the VL and the PT were measured with ultrasonography before and after 6-week SLDSe training and after 6 weeks of de-training. Our results indicate that EG1 increased ≈21.8% the thickness of the PT and EG2 increased ≈15.7% the thickness of the VL after the 6-week intervention program. EG1 and EG2 showed greater values (p < 0.05) of lean mass and lower values (p < 0.05) of fat percentage on the thigh after the intervention program. In conclusion, the SLDSe training carried out with the execution time of 6 s had greater effects on the structural and elastic properties of the PT, and the exercise with the execution time of 3 s caused greater structural adaptations in the VL musculature.