bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Politics of Participation
Authors: Lozano Jennifer
Published: September 2020

This chapter examines the history, production, and content of the Latina/o identified literary culture blog, La Bloga, which, the author argues, deviates from predominant understandings of digital media use, participatory culture, and its democratic political value. Through close textual analysis of blog content and history, as well as blogger interviews, the study finds not only that La Bloga’s use of digital media differs from participatory culture paradigms, but that these differences are facilitated through the vehicle of literary culture and register a legacy of Chicano/a cultural politics. Specifically, the essay unpacks how scholars have delineated a relationship between participatory media and participatory politics that privileges liberal philosophy and the concept of the ideal public sphere to the exclusion of other contextual histories such as the social movements of the 1960s. The analysis of La Bloga offers a broader understanding of digital participatory media, cultural politics, and Latina/o online practice.
Cuban Digital Pedagogies and the Question of the Interface in Yaima Pardo’s Offline
Authors: Rodríguez Juan Carlos
Published: September 2020

This chapter analyses Yaima Pardo’s Offline to explore how the cross-fertilization of documentary and digital conventions can be used to reconstruct web navigation as an immersive experience that offers itself as a pedagogical intervention and critical interrogation of internet infrastructures and practices in Cuba. In Offline, the immersive dimension of nonfictional representation (live action footage, interviews, and database video images), and the operational dimension of digital interfaces (reading emails, clicking links, navigating multiple windows, downloading data, but also witnessing machine errors produced by internet access restrictions or limitations in data transmission capacity) contaminate each other and produce a tense convergence of cinematic conventions and data processes. It is through this tense convergence of national and global database images, functional and dysfunctional interfaces, and the nonfictional remixing of pro-filmic spaces and cyberspaces that Offline comes to represent some polemics and disputes, as well as some contradictory and ambivalent aspects that form part of the internet debate in Cuba. Offline evokes the idea that documentaries can play an important role as cinematic interfaces for the development of digital humanities practices in countries where internet connection and access to digital interfaces cannot be taken for granted.
No Blogger, No Cry
Authors: Lazo Orlando Luis Pardo
Published: September 2020

The chapter is a concise creative essay by one of the protagonists of Cuban alternative blogging movement and emerging civil society. Younger generations in Cuba want to have their voices heard worldwide, despite the official censorship of the Castro government and the repression of the State Security. Freedom of expression as well as fundamental freedoms are still under attack in Cuba today, the once-called Island of Utopia by many international intellectuals, academics, and all sorts of political pilgrims mainly from the Left. Therefore, it is very important to know the insights of this peaceful struggle of the Cuban people for a more inclusive and democratic country, beyond the historic monopoly of the Communist Party. It is also important to understand why solidarity from abroad is necessary for these 21st-century freedom fighters not to succumb in isolation under the physical oppression but also under the misleading narrative of the Cuban Revolution seen as resistance to U.S. Imperialism and global capitalism. This creative essay playfully displays an initial map useful both for Cuban studies experts as well as for the common tourist.
On DH in Argentina
Authors: L’Hoeste Héctor Fernández , Rodríguez Juan Carlos
Published: September 2020

In this chapter, Gimena del Río Riande, the Argentine researcher based at the National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), talks about the state of the digital humanities in Argentina and the potential implications and promise of digital research in Latin American academia. She explains the specific challenges in the region and how technologies are playing a defining role in the reshaping of Latin American humanities at the dawn of the 21st century. As expected, the way in which the humanidades digitales developed in Spanish-speaking countries differs significantly from that of the Anglophone digital humanities. These differences can be found not only in the language that communicates research—all the different variants of Spanish—but also in the topics, methods, and tools, due to the diverse academic, cultural, and economic contexts. To illustrate this, Gimena del Río tells us how she started working in 2013 on the creation of a digital humanities community in Argentina, the Asociación Argentina de Humanidades Digitales (AAHD), and the digital humanities projects she is currently coordinating.
On DH in Mexico
Authors: L’Hoeste Héctor Fernández , Rodríguez Juan Carlos
Published: September 2020

Isabel Galina is a researcher at the Instituto de Investigaciones Bibliográficas, a research institute for bibliographic studies at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM. The university is also home to the Biblioteca Nacional, Mexico’s national library. Isabel Galina discusses the emergence of digital humanities and her views on how DH works within this particular structure and related issues to do with understanding national bibliographical collections in the digital age, in particular regarding e-legal deposit and digital preservation. She discusses the difficulties in identifying, selecting, and incorporating born-digital materials. In the interview, Isabel Galina also describes how she got involved in DH, the creation of the Red de Humanidades Digitales (RedHD), and other DH developments in Mexico and Latin America. Finally, the conversation examines university and government support for DH as well as a look at DH works in Mexico in collaboration with other countries, and in particular hosting the international Digital Humanities conference in Mexico City in 2018.
Bone Tales
Authors: Nouzeilles Gabriela
Published: September 2020

This chapter focuses on visions of Patagonia as the origin of the world in the work of the renowned Argentine scientist Florentino Ameghino (1854–1911), and particularly on his recourse to indigenous myth in the development of his (later discredited) theories of biological evolution. In the fin-de-siècle ‘bone rush’ in Patagonia, fossils became monuments of national wealth and a staging-ground for the battles of evolution between fossilized tribes. This scientific re-reading of the landscape questioned dominant narratives of prehistory, placing Patagonia not at the end of the world but at its origin. Ameghino’s fossils, often bigger and more complete than those of North America or Europe, provide the foundation for a strategic inversion of such narratives, constructing Patagonia as the site of the monumental ruins of a glorious past of biological supremacy. His theories of racial evolution were later disproved, but his work demonstrates the power of the paleontological imagination in constructing discourses on race in South America and beyond. Moreover, Ameghino’s hybrid brand of naturalism, which combines indigenous mythologies with Western knowledge, represents a fascinating example of how histories of local geographical and archaeological discourses developed at the dawn of the twentieth century.
Nation as Laboratory
Authors: Blanco María del Pilar
Published: September 2020

This chapter offers a new reading of popular science publications from the period of the República Restaurada (1868–76) in Mexico, namely José Joaquín Arriaga’s La Ciencia Recreativa (1871–74), a set of science primers for children and articles from Santiago Sierra’s popular-science magazine, El Mundo Científico (1877–78). Situating these publications within this period of political, cultural, and social stabilization, Blanco explores the uses of popular science writing as modes for perceiving the Mexican landscape in the throes of modernization. Employing Bruno Latour and Steve Woolgar’s concept of the laboratory as a space of and for inscription, Blanco argues that these Mexican science writers in effect conceived the nation’s landscape as a kind of open laboratory in which natural phenomena were continuously recorded and measured. These inscriptions, in turn, were a way of integrating the Mexican nation into the practices of global science in the late nineteenth century.
Empathy, Patients’ Needs, and Therapeutic Innovation in the Medical Literature of Early Viceregal Mexico
Authors: Marín Yarí Pérez
Published: September 2020

Agustín Farfán’s Tractado breve de anothomia y chirvgia (1579) stands out as one of the most widely read medical texts of sixteenth-century colonial Mexico, printed more times than any other local source on health and the body during the period. Despite its popularity then, it has not received as much attention from scholars as projects by other medical authors of the colonial era who either wrote before Farfán did, or were better positioned in European circles, or whose work is seen as having tapped into cutting-edge scientific debates. This chapter proposes a new entry point into the Tractado, highlighting its singular connection with the readers of New Spain, and taking as a point of departure the revisions between the first and second editions: a series of context-driven changes that reveal shifting attitudes toward patients’ needs and indigenous medical knowledge.
Between Potosí and Nuevo Potosí
Authors: Scott Heidi V.
Published: September 2020

This chapter examines the ways in which knowledge of nature below ground was shaped and deployed in the everyday pursuit of mining in the Andes under colonial rule. The silver mines of Potosí were a fundamental reference point as well as a center of diffusion for understandings of subterranean nature. Nevertheless, geological knowledge also took shape at other sites. The central focus of this piece is a petition to Philip II of Spain made in 1596 by a miner who sought privileges for a newly established silver mining community in the central Andes. In examining this petition, the chapter proposes that the production of geological knowledge was localized and highly relational, shaped by the particularities of place and by competition between different mining sites. Further, the chapter demonstrates that manuscript sources, although little-studied in this context, can yield rich insights into early modern geological theories in colonial Peru.
“Una nueva y gloriosa nación”
Authors: Asúa Miguel de
Published: September 2020

This chapter explores connections between scientific culture and the literary corpus associated with the independence from Spain of the provinces of Río de la Plata in the second decade of the nineteenth century. It seems no coincidence that Fr. Cayetano Rodríguez, Esteban de Luca, and Vicente López y Planes—the three authors of the lyrics competing to be chosen as a national anthem—had strong scientific interests. The analysis of the rhetorical role played by the scientific imaginary in the patriotic poetry of those authors points toward a double dimension of science in this kind of discourse. As a source of intellectual authority and reasonability, it reinforced the neoclassical formats cultivated by the patriotic authors and had a stabilizing effect; but science also opened up a dimension of revolutionary dynamism, a breaking away from tradition, and toward political emancipation.
The Politics of Relativity
Authors: Outes-León Brais D.
Published: September 2020

This chapter focuses on the key role played by fundamental science and, in particular, by Albert Einstein’s Theory of Relativity in Mariátegui’s thought. Despite his limited grasp of fundamental physics, Mariátegui was deeply interested in the change of scientific paradigm brought about by Einsteinian physics. For the Peruvian Marxist, the Theory of Relativity demonstrated the contingency of truth (scientific or otherwise) as a historically bound discursive construct devoid of any universal validity. Taking Einstein’s scientific revolution as a source of inspiration for revolutionary politics, Mariátegui reclaimed in his journalistic essays the value of scientific inquiry to the development of a revolutionary conscience. In doing so, he transforms the Theory of Relativity into a tool of ideological critique, capable of subverting the contemporary logic of coloniality and the strong links between scientific positivism and the projects of modernity designed by the Latin American ruling elites at the turn of the century.
Introduction to Section IV
Authors: Blanco María del Pilar , Page Joanna
Published: September 2020

Writing in 1990, the Cuban-born poet Rafael Catalá contrasts Latin America’s achievements in literature with its scientific underdevelopment.1 He calls on those working in the arts and humanities to rectify this imbalance, arguing that they bear responsibility of making “viable” the creation and growth of other fields of knowledge that are disadvantaged....
Forensic Fictions
Authors: Fonseca Carlos
Published: September 2020

Taking as its point of departure the contemporary crisis of testimonio and the recent works by Eyal Weizman, who has suggested in his book Mengele’s Skull that we have now entered an era where subjective testimony has been supplanted by object-oriented modes of witnessing, this chapter introduces the category of forensic fictions as a way of categorizing and thinking through recent Latin American literature, art, and film. Analyzing how the figure of the archive and its ruins is represented as well as presented throughout recent Latin American cultural production—in a series of works ranging from Roberto Bolaño’s 2666 all the way to the forensic sculptures of Teresa Margolles—the article explores the possibility of a mode of witnessing that goes beyond the humanist notion of the subjective voice of the witness. In dialogue with contemporary debates concerning post-memory, it proposes that the image of the ruinous archive as a metonym for thinking through the possibility historicity in a world devoid of the foundational myths which had until then functioned as the basis of historical meaning.
Permeable Bodies
Authors: Vásquez Natalia Aguilar
Published: September 2020

This chapter proposes a comparative analysis of the artworks Vaporización (2002) and En el aire (2003) by Mexican artist Teresa Margolles, and Aliento (1995) and Lacrimarios (2000-2001) by Colombian artist Oscar Muñoz. The changeable and fading materiality of these artworks problematizes hierarchical anthropocentric relations between human and matter. I propose that, through the use of water, charcoal, and vapor as medium, the installations facilitate intrusive and morbid encounters between the dead victims of state-sponsored narco-violence and the living, the contemporary spectators of these artworks. The analysis recognizes the precariousness of life for victims in Colombia and Mexico, and proposes that, by reading these installations as a locus where the material and the spectral converge, it is possible to reimagine the role of the living in the remembrance and commemoration of the dead in the aftermath of violence.
Invasive Specie
Authors: Legnani Nicole D.
Published: September 2020

This chapter traces a narrative archipelago from Madeira to Hispaniola through the metonymy of wood and the trajectory of Christopher Columbus, as allegorized by an anecdote about the reproductive destruction of an invasive species on a deserted island off the coast of West Africa in the Historia de las Indias by Bartolomé de Las Casas. It reflects on the connections afforded by the polysemy of naturaleza in sixteenth-century Spanish and made by Las Casas in his anecdotes about colonial capitalism on Hispaniola and Madeira in both Historia de las Indias and his edition of Christopher Columbus’s Diario a Bordo.As islands have always served as schematic shorthand for categories and indigeneity, an anecdote about a plague of rabbits on the Madeira islands in the early fifteenth century blurs the limits between state and enterprise, animal and human, native and nature (naturaland naturaleza), and the natural and unnatural (naturaand contra natura). What seems like a digression into the Madeira rabbits from Las Casas’s larger narrative about the conquest of America serves instead as a self-reflexive allegory for the paradoxical project of narrating origins in historical processes, especially destructive ones that nonetheless reproduce on a global scale.
Communicating beyond the Human
Authors: Whitfield Joey
Published: September 2020

Ciro Guerra’s El abrazo de la serpiente (2015) pushes at the limits of the human in several ways. It addresses the genocidal consequences of extractive capitalism, the transcendent promise of both shamanism and religious fanaticism, and communication between humans, animals, and plants, especially via the use of hallucinogenic plants such as ayahuasca. Set in a similar upper Amazon context to Eduardo Kohn’s acclaimed work of posthuman theory How Forests Think, the film dramatizes aspects of his theorization of nonhuman semiosis. In its plot and visual language, El abrazo draws heavily on the writing and photography of Richard Evans Schultes, the ethnobotanist whose work overlapped with that of counter cultural icon Timothy Leary. In this chapter I suggest that Guerra’s dramatization of interspecies communication also speaks to a less academically respected but nonetheless less posthuman line of thought: the counter cultural movement that advocates consumption of hallucinogenic Amazonian plants. In reading El abrazo as the meeting point of the posthuman thinking of Kohn and the neo-ayahasqueros I ask what the similarities are between the two.
Photography as Anthropotechnique and the Legacy of Canudos
Authors: King Edward
Published: September 2020

This chapter explores the ways in which Flávio de Barros’s photographic documentation of the war in Canudos (1896–1897) has become a conceptual prism through which to consider the role of photography in both the maintenance and contestation of biopolitical control in Brazil. The photobook Desterro (2014), a creative archive of a “fictional ethnographic” expedition to the site of the war led by artist Ícaro Lira, sets up a dialogue with De Barros’s photographs and their role in the violent foundations of the Brazilian Republic at the end of the nineteenth century. By incorporating these photographs into an assemblage of texts, objects, and images that includes narrative, photographs of the desert landscape surrounding Canudos as well as rocks gathered during the expedition, Desterro shifts the focus from photography as a biopolitical technology to its role in the displacement of anthropocentrism in favor of a perspective that privileges the human’s constitutive entanglements with the nonhuman. As well as an engagement with the legacy of De Barros’s photography, Desterro is also a meditation on the artist’s book itself, a form that draws on a number of photo-textual traditions (including ethnographic photography and traveller-artists’ books), in order to intervene into changing conceptions of the human.
Terror and Awe
Authors: Geraghty Niall H. D.
Published: September 2020

In Patricio Guzmán’s Nostalgia de la luz(2010), the relatives of those imprisoned and disappeared in Chile’s Atacama desert search for the bodies of their loved ones. Simultaneously, archaeologists examine traces of the pre-Columbian societies that inhabited the area and astronomers explore the origins of the universe by analyzing light emitted from distant stars. Moving through these diverse regions of the past, the film variously captures anthropological, archaeological, geological, and cosmological durations. In contrast to interpretations which propose that this depiction of temporality allows for healing following Chile’s brutal dictatorship, this chapter employs Henri Bergson’s conception of time, Greg Hainge’s ontology of noise, and Jane Bennett’s conception of enchanted materialism to propose that Guzman’s film transmits awe and terror to the audience in an embodied manner. Reflecting on the religious connotations of Guzmán’s film in the light of the work of León Rozitchner and Gustavo Gutiérrez, the chapter proposes that the film is underpinned by the logic of the felix culpa and becomes an act of communion designed to reactivate past political struggles. This is to say that, at once scientific and theological, Nostalgia de la luz establishes the foundation for an immanent posthuman politics.
Exploring Heterogeneous Data Processing to Improve Clinical Applications
Authors: Ronnau Rodrigo , Rigo Sandro , Bez Marta , Barbosa Jorge
Published: September 2020

Os sistemas de computadores têm sido amplamente utilizados na melhoria da qualidade dos serviços de saúde. Em geral, esses sistemas não suportam diferentes formatos de dados e isso consiste em uma limitação severa. Este artigo apresenta um modelo que possibilita o uso de diferentes formatos de dados para fornecer e integrar informações que apoiam as atividades de médicos especialistas. Dois protótipos foram construídos usando o modelo, que visa exemplificar seus benefícios e permitir sua avaliação. Para avaliar a abordagem proposta, além das aplicações desenvolvidas, doze profissionais de saúde e 35 profissionais de informática responderam a um questionário sobre os protótipos. Os dois perfis distintos dos participantes do questionário e o desenvolvimento dos protótipos permitiram avaliar as contribuições percebidas nas áreas de desenvolvimento de software e aplicação de suporte clínico.
Identificando Sinais de Estresse Pós-traumático Utilizando Dados Fisiológicos e Técnicas de Regressão
Authors: Ponte Junior Luiz , Muchaluat-Saade Débora , Plastino Alexandre , Alves Rita , Portugal Liana , Oliveira Leticia , Pereira Mirtes
Published: September 2020

Diversos estudos propõem aplicar técnicas computacionais à área da saúde para auxiliar médicos em seus diagnósticos. Este artigo propõe aplicar mineração de dados para identificar sinais de estresse pós-traumático baseado em dados fisiológicos. Para avaliar a proposta, foram usados dados de indivíduos que vivenciaram eventos traumáticos. Estes indivíduos tiveram seus sinais de frequência cardíaca e condutância da pele coletados durante a visualização de imagens com e sem cenas violentas. Foram utilizados algoritmos de regressão para predizer os valores da escala PCL-C dos indivíduos e identificar uma possível correlação entre os dados e a escala. O algoritmo IBk (k = 4) obteve o melhor coeficiente de correlação 0,4164 (p-value = 0,001).
Um Modelo para Predição Individualizada da Deterioração da Saúde de Pacientes no âmbito da Internet das Coisas
Authors: Kaieski Naira , Schmidt Diogo , Kelsh Carolina , Silva Denise , Costa Cristiano , Righi Rodrigo
Published: September 2020

Este artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento de um modelo baseado em internet das coisas de saúde e inteligência artificial para prever a deterioração do estado de saúde de pacientes. Foi construído um modelo de Deep Learning baseado em Redes Neurais Convolucionais para processar os dados que podem ser coletados por sensores ubíquos. Foram utilizadas duas estratégias diferentes para treinar o modelo, uma baseada na abordagem populacional tradicional e outra mais individualizada onde os dados de treinamento são oriundos de pacientes similares em termos de idade ao indivíduo monitorado. Os resultados mostraram uma sensível melhora na acurácia da predição de mortalidade do modelo individualizado com AUC média de 0,73 para todas as faixas de idade enquanto o modelo populacional apresentou AUC de 0,70.
Uso de Redes Complexas para Classificação de Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais em Imagens de Tomografia Computadorizada
Authors: Mendes Yana , Almeida Eliana , Cabral Raquel , Queiroz Fabiane
Published: September 2020

Doenças Pulmonares Intersticiais (DPIs) são caracterizadas pela cicatrização progressiva do interstício pulmonar e podem levar a insuficiência respiratória. Este artigo propõe um método de classificação de DPIs a partir de imagens de Tomografia Computadorizada (TC) mapeadas em uma Rede Complexa. Métricas de centralidade foram usadas com o objetivo de obter seus atributos texturais. Utilizando um classificador KNN, os resultados apresentaram uma acurácia média de 89.81%. Para os padrões de textura de DPI do tipo consolidação pulmonar e opacidade em vidro fosco, a acurácia do método foi de 90% e 86%, respectivamente, o que aponta o método proposto como promissor para estudos futuros em imagens de TC associadas a pacientes com COVID-19.
Uma abordagem de detecção de atividade maliciosa em ambientes hospitalares
Authors: Lelis Claudio , Pereira Lourenço , Marcondes Cesar
Published: September 2020

A complexidade do ambiente hospitalar e os recursos escassos constituem desafios enfrentados pelos gestores de TI e de segurança cibernética. O setor da Saúde vem recebendo cada vez mais atenção, sofrendo com atividades maliciosas que levam a violação de dados sensíveis. Este artigo apresenta uma abordagem para detectar atividade maliciosa em ambiente hospitalar por meio de classificador baseado em Árvore de Decisão. O modelo foi treinado com dados de simulações executadas a partir da dinâmica de sistemas de ambiente hospitalar. Foram conduzidos experimentos de avaliação, utilizando o f1-score como métrica, com resultados satisfatórios onde o classificador tende a convergir a partir de 100 réplicas de simulação.
Diispositivo para coleta e processamento de sinais cerebrais e sua integração a cadeira de rodas
Authors: Nascimento Carlos , Suzano Priscilla , Custódio Luiz , Adamatti Diana
Published: September 2020

Visando facilitar e garantir o acesso a mobilidade de cidadãos que possuem tetraplegia, esse artigo apresenta o conceito de uma cadeira de rodas elétrica controlada pelos impulsos neurais para pessoas que não podem usar outras interfaces de comando de movimentos. Esse processo é feito através da criação de um dispositivo para coleta de estímulos cerebrais realizando reconhecimento e filtragem desses sinais, de modo a gerar comandos direcionais para uma cadeira de rodas.
Holistic Reasoning on Quality of Life Dimensions Based on Mobile apps with Ontology
Authors: Cavaco Isabela , Siebra Clauirton
Published: September 2020

To integrate the information about diverse QoL dimensions and enable the specification of a holistic process of reasoning that can improve the effectiveness of interventions, we explore the integration of different QoL aspects in the form of an ontological model, presenting associations between their concepts that should be considered together when inferences are made, since they are usually intrinsically related and would not be complete when separately analysed. These dimensions will be studied from a selected bundle of iOS and Android mobile apps within QoL aspects of Diet, Emotional,
Projeto HistoQuiz: Desenvolvendo um Jogo Voltado para o Ensino de Histologia
Authors: Bastos Marcella , Andrade Maria , Gomes Victoria , Sarinho Victor
Published: September 2020

O ensino de histologia requer o contato dos alunos com lâminas histológicas, o que ocorre basicamente nas aulas práticas de microscopia. Esse contato fica limitado ao tempo da aula, que muitas vezes é reduzido, e a aquisição de lâminas de diversos órgãos que devem ser disponibilizadas para a observação individual, cuja quantidade e variedade também é reduzida. A absorção desse conteúdo pode ser facilitada com o uso das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs), que constituem ferramentas de fácil acesso e uso contínuo, propiciando assim motivação, participação e interação com esse material. Buscando promover uma maneira de exercitar, o presente artigo elucida as etapas seguidas para o desenvolvimento do HistoQuiz, um jogo digital mobile criado para transmitir conhecimentos relacionados a histologia
GutGame Digital: Um Jogo de Apoio ao Ensino de Fisiologia Humana
Authors: Batista Washington , Rios Lenington , Sarinho Victor , Granjeiro Erica , Campos Rafael , Medeiros Natascha , Viero Victoria , Gutierrez Lucila
Published: September 2020

Atualmente, estudantes enfrentam dificuldade de memorização de estruturas de Fisiologia Humana (FH) dentro de um ensino que induz a pensar nos processos funcionais de maneira fragmentada. Propondo uma forma diferenciada e motivadora para o estudo de FH, este artigo apresenta o GutGame Digital, um jogo digital estilo tabuleiro que busca dar apoio ao ensino de FH. Trata-se de um jogo que reproduz no meio digital questões e lógica de funcionamento aplicadas na versão física do mesmo, o qual foi utilizado na construção de dinâmicas de aprendizagem diferenciadas para o ensino superior de FH em sala de aula.
Criação de um bot para a conscientização de cuidados e impactos relacionados ao COVID-19
Authors: Batista Washington , Santana Kayo , Rios Lenington , Pereira Claudia
Published: September 2020

Este artigo apresenta o bot COVID-19, uma tecnologia alternativa para a difusão de informações relacionadas ao COVID-19 através do aplicativo Discord. O bot desenvolvido almeja a conscientização de usuários com a disponibilização de informações verídicas relacionadas ao crescimento da doença. No trabalho, serão apresentados os comandos que já se encontram disponíveis e como as informações utilizadas são coletadas. Futuramente, almeja-se a ampliação desta ferramenta para novas funcionalidades e informações também relacionadas a outras doenças.
Sense of Beauty and Creativity
Authors: Torosian Levan
Published: September 2020

This chapter discusses the impact of natural beauty on the human consciousness and the ability to be creative. The stages of formation and the sequence of the abilities that allow for the emergence of a creative life path and the development of inventiveness are described. A vision of how the sense of beauty develops in the childhood period, as well as how this feeling affects the ability to be inventive in various ways, is discussed. The relationship between the sense of beauty and such human properties as contemplation, observation, and ingenuity is defined. An analysis is made of what impacts our ability to see beauty. Some ideas about how structural changes in technology influence a person’s technical environment and his ability to see natural beauty are provided as well.
Emergence of Raman Peaks Due to Septic Nonlinearity in Noninstantaneous Kerr Media
Authors: Soumo Tchio Michel-Rostand , Abdoulkary Saïdou , Mohamadou Alidou
Published: September 2020

We analyze the modulation instability induced by cross-phase modulation of two co-propagating optical beams in nonlinear fiber with the effect of higher-order dispersion and septic nonlinearity. We investigate in detail the effect of relaxation nonlinear response to the gain spectrum both in normal group velocity dispersion (GVD) and anomalous dispersion regime. We show that the walk-off, the relaxation nonlinear response time as well as the higher-order process particularly influence the generation of the modulation instability gain. Our results shows that the emerging Raman peaks is observable both in the case of weak dispersion and in a higher-order dispersion for mixed GVD regime with slow response time. These Raman peaks are shifted toward higher frequencies with the decrease of their magnitude, when the walk-off increases.
The Rational Drug Design to Treat Cancers
Authors: Hameed Khan Abdul
Published: September 2020

Professor Ross of London University, England, was using nitrogen mustard to treat cancers by attacking both strands of tumor DNA. As a part of my doctoral thesis, I am to design drugs using aziridine to attack only one strand of DNA. Over the years, I made over 100 dinitrophenyl aziridine derivatives. One of them is dinitrobenzamide (CB1954) which gives a CI of 70, highest toxicity to animal tumor ever recorded. CB1954 wipes out a solid aggressive tumor by attacking a single-strand DNA of Walker carcinoma 256, in rat. My greatest challenge at NCI in USA is to translate the animal work which I did in London University to humans. As radiolabeled methylated quinone crosses the blood-brain barrier in mice, I decided to use quinone moiety as a carrier for aziridine rings to attack glioblastomas, the brain tumor in humans. By attaching two aziridines and two carbamate moieties to quinone, I made AZQ (US Patent 4,146,622). By treating brain cancer with AZQ , we observed that glioblastoma tumor not only stops growing but also starts shrinking. Literature search showed that AZQ is extensively studied.
Mesothelioma, a Review of Current Guidelines
Authors: Maciá Sonia
Published: September 2020

Mesothelioma is considered as a rare tumor originating in the mesothelial surfaces of pleura or, more rarely, in other sites such as peritoneum, which harbors a very poor prognosis. Despite clinical research efforts, lack of available therapies remains clear. Standard of care treatments and guidelines have not been evolved much along recent years. In this chapter, main guidelines will be reviewed, besides a systematic Pubmed review, with a focus on epidemiology, diagnosis tests, and approved local and systemic treatments, including most important advances. Searched terms included “mesothelioma,” “ESMO and NCCN guidelines,” “diagnosis,” “surgery,” “targeted therapy,” “clinical trials,” “palliative treatment,” and “meta-analysis.” First-line regimen recommendations have not evolved since the phase III pivotal study of cisplatin-pemetrexed was published, and this combination became the standard of care. Targeted therapies have brought disappointing results. However, recent clinical trial data with immunotherapies are bringing some light and may become a new paradigm in the following years.
Definition, Classification, and Burden of Epilepsy
Authors: Nelson Siewe Fodjo Joseph
Published: September 2020

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases in the world, and is characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures (fits) that can occur at all ages. The causes of epilepsy are multiple, ranging from perinatal problems, traumatic brain insults, metabolic abnormalities, to infections of the central nervous system; sometimes, the causes are not known. Consensual international norms have been established for the proper diagnosis and management of epilepsy, including specificities for vulnerable populations such as children and pregnant women. Specific emphasis must be laid on low and middle income countries, where about 80% of all persons with epilepsy reside. In such resource-limited settings, epilepsy patients are often confronted with sub-optimal care, reduced access to treatment, and frequent epilepsy complications. Early epilepsy diagnosis and proper anti-epileptic treatment usually result in satisfactory seizure control, and enable persons with epilepsy to lead a normal life. Besides the usual medications, psychosocial support and stigma reducing interventions are crucial to improve the quality of life of affected persons and their families.
New Friend
Authors: Hee Wai-Siam
Published: September 2020

The first chapter searches for evidence of the production of the first Singaporean and Malayan film New
Friend in old periodicals from the 1920s held in the British Library. This corrects the common misconception that this film was never screened and confirms the historical significance and standing of New
Friend as the first Singaporean and Malayan film. This chapter also describes the origins of, and public response to, the Nanyang Low Poey Kim Independent Motion Picture Company. It also gives an overview of Liu’s tragic life, from film company owner to his return to China to fight against the Japanese as a ‘Nanyang Volunteer Driver and Mechanic’. In addition, this chapter describes the New
Friend production team and the debates the film sparked among audiences. It then further investigates the problems that the film confronted at the time of its production, including censorship imposed by the British colonial government during the 1920s, the oscillation found in New
Friend’s screenplay between the Nanyang and Chinese styles of literature and art, and the way it handles entanglements between ‘new immigrants’ and Chinese Peranakan. This chapter also observes that New
Friend features a Sinophone ‘linguistic creolisation’, inverting the hierarchical relationship between Chinese people and foreigners found in S.E. Asian reality. This reflects Liu’s optimistic hope that S.E. Asian Chinese society would unite under the banner of ‘Chineseness’ and resist colonial power. Liu Beijin and the case of New
Friend represent pre–Cold War S.E. Asian Chinese cultural productions of Chinese historical identity, in which Chineseness and hybridity coexisted without a binary choice. This provides a historical dimension to reflections on Sinophone topics related to Chineseness and hybridity.
Utopianism Unrealized
Authors: Xiong Ying
Published: September 2020

Pan-Asian ideology has become firmly rooted in modern Japanese intellectual history. This chapter will enrich scholarly understanding of Japanese pan-Asianism, especially its relationship to imperialism in connection with Manchukuo, by relying on the specific case study of Japanese translator and Sinologist Yamaguchi Shin’ichi (1907-1980), better known to Manchukuo-based Japanese and Chinese writers by his pseudonym Ōuchi Takao. Initially trained as a China expert in the East Asia Common Culture Academy, Ōuchi then joined the Publicity Department of the South Manchuria Railway Company and later served as a major editor for the Manchuria Review before he worked as Manchukuo's primary translator of Chinese literature after 1937. His vision of Manchukuo appears within his translation and literary output, which in turn, shaped his unique identity as a Pan-Asianist in Manchukuo.
Searching for Memories of Colonial Literature in Modern History
Authors: Quan Zhang
Published: September 2020

Mei Niang (1916-2013) enjoyed the longest career amongst those in Manchukuo’s “Manchurian writer group.” The century spanning Mei Niang's life witnessed dramatic, transformative change for both China and the world, and her experiences evoke a richly colourful, complex, and confusing history marked by political tensions. This chapter analyses important elements of the woman writer's professional career – from her use of local Northeastern words, Chinese translations of Japanese literature, and her award-winning novel Crabs. It argue that her fictional production during imperial Japan's occupation was not colonial per se but, rather, should be considered within the context of an extraordinary young woman’s experience of surviving colonialism and her perceptions of it.
The Literary Politics of Harmonization and Dissonance
Authors: Poland Stephen
Published: September 2020

In 1941, the writer Nogawa Takashi (1901-1944) was both nominated for the Akutagawa Prize in Japan and arrested in Manchukuo for his involvement in the Cooperative Movement (gassakusha undō) in rural north Manchuria. This dissonance between the literary recognition of Nogawa in the imperial metropole and his tragic fate—he died in prison three years after his arrest—marks him as an emblematic figure of the complexities of Manchukuo and the Japanese empire. Drawing on Naoki Sakai’s concept of heterolingual address, this chapter examines how Nogawa’s short story “The People Who Go to the Hamlet” (“Tonzu ni iku hitobito”) narratively stages ethnic interaction in the Cooperative Movement as a process of articulation between individuals in order to explore the (im)possibility of cross-class, cross-ethnic alliance. In contrast with the dominant state metaphor of “ethnic harmony” as a state of being between different peoples, Nogawa’s fiction both portrays and performs acts of “harmonization” and dissonance through grassroots organizing in a way that acknowledges the reality of class and ethnic difference, while also scrutinizing these differences and maintaining their possible permeability.
Modern Korean Literature and Manchukuo
Authors: Jaeyong Kim
Published: September 2020

This chapter provides a general overview of how Korean writers in Manchukuo envisioned their new role as intellectuals, expressed in political views that often continued into the post-war period with the division of the Korean peninsula into North and South during the emerging Cold War. Deepening state intervention through the naisen-ittai [Korea and Japan as One Body] campaign in the late 1930s also forced Korean writers to take sides amidst imperial Japanese occupation. The lives and works of writers including Yeom Sang-seop (1897-1963) Ri Ki-yong (1896-1984), and Han Seol-ya (1900-1976), among others, will be examined.
Postscript
Authors: Smith Norman
Published: September 2020

The postscript examines the afterlife of Manchukuo literature and the effects of current Chinese government support, as well as attempted censorship, of the field. It provides an important argument for the value of the field to a deeper understanding of cultural production under the Japanese-occupied Manchukuo regime, and why this matters today.
“Dead, Shriveled Trees”
Authors: Perelman Elisheva A.
Published: September 2020

The first chapter addresses the proliferation of tuberculosis in textile factories in Meiji and Taishō era Japan. These factories provided the backbone of the nation’s modernization program, but so too were they rife with tuberculosis. This epidemic first affected women, as the workers in these factories were primarily young females, who were seen by many in the government as expendable necessities. There was, therefore, little to no real legal protection for such workers, many of whom would be returned, sick and dying, to their rural homes to infect and affect their villages. These women, many no older than girls, became the cost of modernization.
The Politics of Reform at the Imperial University
Authors: Ming-kin Chu
Published: September 2020

Chapter 3 discusses the installation of a school promotion mechanism at the Imperial University in 1071 as a product of negotiation and compromise between emperor Shenzong and reform-minded scholar-officials. Implementation of the Three Hall system triggered an increasingly politicized Imperial University, signified by Wang Anshi’s elimination of dissenting lecturers while exploiting educational institutions to promote his own school of thought. The final part of this chapter discusses the response of the emperor to Wang Anshi’s dominance. By removing Wang’s disciples from teaching positions and installing a comprehensive regulatory framework to administer the metropolitan schools, the emperor reclaimed his authority over official recruitment.
Factional Politics and Policy Reversals
Authors: Ming-kin Chu
Published: September 2020

Chapter 4 shows how the anti-reformers mythologized the Imperial University in the 1050s as an ideal prototype, which serves not only as a basis to criticize the Three Hall system but also as a tool to limit the prerogatives of the teenage emperor Zhezong. Yet when Zhezong resumed personal rule in 1093, he reinstated and further expanded Shenzong’s practices at the Imperial University, through which imperial authority was reinforced once again. Frequent reversals of university personnel, school curriculum and examination topics in less than two decades are manifestations of fierce contests among different factions at court.
The Myth of Quality
Authors: Wei John
Published: September 2020

This chapter deals with social inclusion and exclusion along the lines of cultural capital and social distinctions underlined by social class migration and mobilization. Drawing upon sociological analyses of various forms of human capital and academic inquiries into the issue of suzhi (“quality”), this chapter analyzes the ongoing social stratifications in China’s queer communities that have reproduced larger social inequalities. Through an investigation of an “upward” online queer community, it argues that the state-engineered discourse of suzhi has to some extent expired, but the lingering myth of “quality” continues to underline queer social distinctions and social interactions online and on the ground.
Deus qui humanae substantiae dignitatem
Authors: McEvoy James , Lebech Mette ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2020

This article explores the history of the prayer Deus qui humanae substantiae dignitatem as a contribution to the conceptualization history of human dignity. It is argued that the prayer can be traced back to pre-Carolingian times, that it forms part of an early tradition of reflection on human dignity, and that it was adapted to use at the offertory, such that an association was made between human dignity and the holy exchange of gifts. In this way, the prayer significantly shaped the Christian concept of human dignity as the holy ‘place’ of commerce with God.
Victorian Villas
Authors: Wright Laura
Published: September 2020

The railway age brought about an increase in suburban housing. From the 1840s, London outer-suburb house-name categories were the transferred place-name (Cintra Villa), the nostalgically rural (Oak Lodge), the commemorative (Albert Villa), the upwardly-mobile (Tudor Lodge), and the latest fashion or fad (Ferndale, referencing the then-prevaling fashion for fernery). Post mid-century the ‘pick & mix’ category came into being, whereby house-namers uncoupled existing placename elements and recombined them to create authentic-sounding, yet new, names (Penthwaite). Post 1860s purpose-built blocks of flats took the final element -mansions.
Post 1880s jocular names began to occur (Wee Neste) and post 1895 purpose-built blocks of flats took the final element -court. Overall, shifts in naming trends were caused by movements of people, both socially and geographically, but in the main house-names were consistently conservative across time and place.
Sunnyside and the North
Authors: Wright Laura
Published: September 2020

This chapter considers the distribution and meaning of the 116 historic North British Sunnysides and 63 Greens given in the Sunnyside Gazetteer, and the distribution and structure of the Sunnyside of X and Greens of X construction. Sixteenth-century Medieval Latin Sunnysides are exerpted from the Records of the Sheriff Court of Aberdeenshire and the Register of the Great Seal of Scotland AD 1620-1633. The distribution when plotted forms three main groups: the first is the north-east of Scotland bounded by the Grampians, the second is the Central Lowlands, and the third is the border area of the Eastern Lowlands of Scotland and North-Eastern England divided by the Cheviots. The practice of ‘vesying the sunny side’ as a means of land-tenure division is described in North British and Nordic cultures. It is posited that the Sunnyside of X and Greens of X construction is Old Norse.
The Tears of 1939: German Women and the Emotional Archive of the First World War
Authors: Siebrecht Claudia
Published: September 2020

This chapter focuses on tearful reactions to the outbreak of war in 1939 as described and recalled by German women in diaries, memoirs, and oral histories. Women who were at different life stages in 1939 offer nuanced and explicit testimonies of their emotional responses, which were predominantly framed with references to the First World War. Retained memories of bereavement and hardship are particularly striking, and this chapter argues that both personal and familial experiences of the period between 1914 and 1918 were of key importance as they accumulated into an emotional archive. This emotional archive represented a crucial reference point for women to gauge a contemporaneous response to a political event—the outbreak of war in 1939. It also facilitated the construction of a personal stance and political positioning to war in a retrospective post-Second World War context. Women’s tears of 1939 were therefore about more than the outbreak of war; they were about owning and disowning different parts of their past.