bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a Targeted Technologic Screening Tool to Increase Pneumococcal Vaccine Uptake in Health-System Retail Pharmacies: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Skogg Annika , Zagel Alicia , O'Donnell R. May , Philbrick Ann , Nelson Mary , Schlichte Allyson , Klasen Kassie
Published: December 2024

Background/Purpose: Pneumococcal vaccine rates among eligible adults are lower than desired. Recently, pneumococcal vaccination guidelines for adults were updated to include new pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV20), taking into consideration age, underlying risk factors, and previous vaccine status. To respond to PCV undervaccination and help clarify the new guidelines, this project sought to develop a targeted pneumococcal vaccine screening tool and pop-up alert within retail pharmacies across a large health system with the goal of increasing rates of PCV20 vaccination.
Methods: A PDSA cycle was employed to activate alerts within 24 retail pharmacies for patients indicated to be eligible for PCV20 vaccination. PCV20 vaccine-naïve adult patients who met eligibility requirements and were due for medication refill were identified through the electronic health record and uploaded to pharmacy software. Pharmacists screened patients for eligibility and inquired about willingness to receive PCV20 vaccine during the upcoming pharmacy visit. Vaccine rates and sociodemographic characteristics were compared before and after the PDSA cycle began, and reasons for patient decline were assessed.
Results: Between December 2023 and April 2024, 1821 patients were screened for PCV20 vaccines, with 1369 (75%) patients eligible. 130 patients (9%) ultimately received PCV20 through the alert process, yet an additional 285 PCV20 vaccines were administered to additional patients, representing a 140% increase in PCV20 vaccination rates compared to the same period of the previous year. The most common reason for declining vaccination was no interest in vaccines (n=231, 51%).
Conclusions: This PDSA cycle demonstrated a vast increase in PCV20 vaccination rates in retail pharmacies across a large health system, indicating the potential utility of integrated technologic screening tools and alerts to increase administration of other routine immunizations.
Avaliadores ad hoc
Authors: Sousa Fabiana Rodrigues de
Published: December 2024

.
Trascendiendo realidades: una tipología de la inmersividad
Authors: Broca Julio , Wilhelm Dominik
Published: December 2024

El presente texto aborda el fenómeno del deseo humano de trascender a realidades alternativas de manera inmersiva. Esta exploración se hace a través de una tipología de la inmersividad a la luz de recursos para alcanzarla: tecnología, inputs sensoriales, narratividad y gamificación. El objetivo general es coadyuvar a la pedagogía de la inmersividad. Se implementó un análisis usando la tipología propuesta en un estudio de caso, el videojuego inmersivo REZ. Sin pretender ser exhaustiva, la tipología propuesta busca abrir el debate sobre las limitaciones y las potencialidades combinadas de los distintos modos de la inmersividad en una época de transmedialidad.
Explorando las Dimensiones de los Videojuegos y la Investigación Contemporánea en Latinoamérica
Authors: López Blanca , Contreras Espinosa Ruth Sofía , Garfias Frías José Ángel
Published: December 2024

Introducción a la sección monográfica "Explorando las Dimensiones de los Videojuegos y la Investigación Contemporánea en Latinoamérica".
THE ELEMENTS OF TORT IN TURKISH LAW
Authors: Ay Yunus Emre
Published: December 2024

According to the Turkish Code of Obligations, one of the sources of obligation is tort. A tort is the damage caused to another person by an unlawful act of a negligent person with a causal link. As can be understood from the definition of tort, the elements of tort are unlawful act, damage, fault and causal link. The elements of tort are not defined in the Turkish Code of Obligations, but are defined by the authors in the doctrine. There is no prior contractual relationship between the parties to the tort. A legal relationship arises between the parties after the tort is committed. The emergence of this legal relationship depends on the realization of the elements of tort. Therefore, in this study, in order to better understand the concept of tort, definitions of the elements of tort shall be made and the contents of the elements of tort shall be explained in the Turkish Code of Obligations. After the definitions are made in the light of the doctrine, the elements of the tort shall be discussed with examples by referring to various sources. Thus, a study shall be conducted for a better understanding of the concept of tort. In this study, doctrinal research method shall be used to analyze the current legislation since it has been the most influential and dominant research method in the field of law in the past and present. It is concerned with the methodical search, analysis, explanation, and justification of the legal framework. This paper is also concerned with methodical search, analysis, explanation, and justification of the Turkish Code of Obligation which regulates tort law provisions. Primary and secondary sources are enjoyed and library based research is conducted. In this way, the provisions of the Turkish Code of Obligation which regulates the tort law shall be discussed in the light of the doctrinal discussion.
A contrarreforma agrária no contexto de aprofundamento do ajuste fiscal
Authors: Felipe Barros Ilena , Andolfato de Oliveira Kleber
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo analisa a política de reforma agrária no cenário de ajuste fiscal, aprofundado nos últimos governos, especialmente após o golpe de 2016. O tempo presente é marcado pelo avanço do agro-hidro-minério negócio sobre os recursos naturais, penalizando a terra e os povos das águas, da terra, das florestas. Nota-se que o ajuste fiscal implementado pelos governos federais reduziu drasticamente os recursos para as políticas sociais, com destaque a política de reforma agrária.
Alteridad y paternidad en Descartes
Authors: Pavesi Pablo
Published: December 2024

El problema de la alteridad puede plantearse en dos ámbitos: a) el de la alteridad absoluta, que Descartes desarrolla en la Tercera Meditación cuando el ego descubre su finitud como una negación y una aspiración de infinito; b) el de la alteridad relativa que me distingue de mi semejante. En primer lugar, arriesgamos una síntesis de los modos en que el alter ego pierde su alteridad al ser concebido como objeto de representación o de deseo. En segundo lugar, proponemos que Descartes piensa la alteridad en sentido puramente ético, como capacidad de bien y de mal. Nuestra tesis es, primero: el amor puro (sin deseo) es el amor paterno —el único dirigido al otro sí mismo por sí mismo y que abre la posibilidad de la donación de sí, el sacrificio; segundo: los textos de Descartes adquieren todo su sentido si se los compara con la noción ética de alteridad en la filosofía de Emmanuel Levinas.
Rene Descartes: el pensamiento estético en el Compendium Musicae (1618)
Authors: Frau Pablo
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este estudio es investigar el pensamiento estético de Descartes en el Compendium Musicae de 1618. El estudio intenta mostrar como ese pensamiento estético se asienta en un fundamento tradicional clásico, pero que a su vez fue permeable a la praxis de la composición musical de su tiempo, apuntando de este modo hacia una estética moderna de la subjetividad y el sentimiento. El estudio aporta una lectura y comentario del texto poniendo de relieve algunas de sus características más relevantes.
The Cartesian Method and Its Logic
Authors: Battisti César Augusto
Published: December 2024

This text examines the determining characteristics of Descartes' methodological way of thinking. The first concerns the little importance Descartes attributed to the demonstrative expedient and its absorption into acquiring knowledge. The second is that the Cartesian method is resolutive rather than deductive, with knowledge generated by solving difficulties and problems. The third refers to the constitutive stages of resolution, summarized by the operations of analysis and construction. The fourth relates to Descartes' use of the unknown so that an epistemic structure commanded by it generates knowledge. The fifth characteristic is that the method can be universalized, not only because of reason's unique way of operating but also because construction and resolution acquire determinations that can be adapted to the nature of the objects and the particularity of each domain.
ANÁLISE DA ADIPOGÊNESE EM PORTADORES DE SNPS DO GENE PPAR GAMA: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Pereira Vivian Campos , Sedovski Maryel Cristin , Abrão Ricardo Marcelo , Martins Maria Elena Lima , Gasques Luciano Seraphim
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A obesidade é integrante do grupo de Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT). Essa temática é de extrema importância, visto que é um problema de saúde pública que tem atingido proporções epidêmicas no decorrer dos anos, com consequências graves à saúde populacional, apresentando-se com etiologia multifatorial. Objetivo: o intuito deste trabalho foi avaliar estudos que relacionam a ação da lipogênese até o acúmulo de gordura corporal ocasionado pela adipogênese, a qual tem como fator de transcrição o receptor gama ativado por peroxissomas (PPAR gama), responsável pela diferenciação de pré adipócitos em adipócitos. Materiais e métodos: foi analisado publicações de 1997 a 2023 em diferentes bases de dados, entre elas o PubMed com o principal descritor o PPAR gama, nesse contexto foram avaliados 29 artigos para cumprir o propósito deste artigo. Resultados e discussão: estabeleceu-se que quando o PPAR gama sofre mutações, ocorre um desequilíbrio da homeostase energética acarretando na alteração da lipogênese e na adipogênese colaborando para a liberação de ácidos graxos que provocam resistência à insulina no sangue e lipotoxidade nos órgãos. Conclusão: compreender a adipogênese e revisar os principais polimorfismos associados ao PPAR gama que influenciam na obesidade é necessário estabelecer tratamentos específicos para a obesidade.
Strategi Manajemen Risiko dalam Industri Pelayaran untuk Meningkatkan Keamanan dan Efisiensi Operasional
Authors: Supangat Supangat
Published: December 2024

Abstrak
 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki strategi manajemen risiko yang diterapkan dalam industri pelayaran dengan fokus pada peningkatan keamanan dan efisiensi operasional. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif analisis yang komprehensif, serta kombinasi metode, termasuk wawancara mendalam, survei, dan analisis dokumen. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi risiko-risiko utama yang dihadapi oleh perusahaan pelayaran dan mengevaluasi efektivitas strategi manajemen risiko yang telah diterapkan. Hasil penelitian menyoroti pentingnya penggunaan teknologi canggih, kerja sama dengan otoritas maritim, dan budaya keselamatan yang kuat sebagai elemen kunci dalam meningkatkan kinerja keselamatan dan operasional perusahaan. Rekomendasi penelitian ini mencakup langkah-langkah untuk perbaikan lebih lanjut, termasuk analisis risiko yang lebih spesifik, penelitian tentang perubahan regulasi, dan pelatihan karyawan yang lebih lanjut. Dengan memahami dan menerapkan strategi manajemen risiko yang tepat, perusahaan pelayaran dapat mengurangi risiko yang dihadapi dan meningkatkan kinerja operasional mereka di tengah tantangan yang terus berkembang dalam lingkungan maritim. Implikasi hasil penelitian ini memperkuat pemahaman tentang pentingnya manajemen risiko dalam meningkatkan kinerja keselamatan dan operasional perusahaan pelayaran.
Kata kunci: Manajemen risiko, Industri Pelayaran, Keamanan dan Efisiensi Operasional.
Quelques sources espagnoles de Philippe Desportes
Authors:   Universidad de Zaragoza (España), Aceituno Martínez Eduardo
Published: December 2024

After the findings concerning the Spanish sources of Philippe Desportes made by Lanson and Mathews, we have identified new poems that considerably expand this list of imitations. Desportes would thus have been inspired by several pieces of Jorge de Montemayor’s Cancionero, by some verses from the latter’s translation of the songs of Ausiàs March, as well as by some poems which are part of the two great continuations of the Diana, that of Gaspar Gil Polo and that of Alonso Pérez. We will examine the techniques that the French author applies in each of these imitations, in order to clarify the criteria that govern his poetics.
Tradición literaria y utopía en las teorías de la novela de René Girard y György Lukács
Authors:   Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas  (España), Cano Martínez José
Published: December 2024

This article traces the similarities and differences between György Lukács’s work The theory of the novel and René Girard's Mensonge romantique et vérité romanesque, delving into the use that both thinkers make of the Western novelistic tradition to think about modernity. Two shared interpretative gestures are highlighted as crucial: the selection of a small list of novelists in whom the essence of that time is encoded, and the conceptualisation of Dostoyevsky's work as a borderline case in which the novel merges with other forms of expression. It concludes by highlighting the political weight of the essays analysed, which are a rich meditation on modern society in which aesthetic reflection, philosophy and politics are interwoven.
Ils défendaient les arbres. Les écrivains de la Belgique « fin de siècle » face à la dégradation du patrimoine naturel et arborescent
Authors:   Universidad de Oviedo (España), Ninanne Dominique
Published: December 2024

This article is the result of research conducted within an ecopoetic framework, offering a reinterpretation of literary and non-literary texts by Belgian writers from the late 19th until early 20th centuries. The main objective is to identify manifestations of pre-ecological consciousness. More specifically, this study, combining the results of historical research and literary analysis, highlights the contributions of writers such as Camille Lemonnier, Émile Verhaeren, and Maurice Maeterlinck to protect trees and forests.
Réappropriation de l’Histoire par le passé familial dans Le pays des autres de Leïla Slimani
Authors:   Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (España), Sánchez Hernández Ángeles , Díez Abadie Gabriel ,   Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (España)
Published: December 2024

This article analyzes Leïla Slimani’s work Le pays des autres as a literary document that provides fictional but necessary information to complement the official history, thus contributing to the patrimonialization of the different memories that arise from a common past due to French colonization and that has an impact on today’s multicultural society. The methodology is based on postcolonial theories and multidirectional memory theories developed by M. Rothberg.
Without Rethinking Colonialism and Racialization, a Sustainable Future is Not Possible
Authors: Grzinic Marina
Published: December 2024

In this article, I talk about the performances of global capitalism, its relation to colonization and racialization, and the ways it hinders the well-being of vulnerable bodies. An understanding of the relation between post-colonialism and post-socialism is crucial to this discussion. I therefore start from a territory that is no longer conceivable today, namely former Eastern Europe and its post-socialism of 1990. I then proceed to discuss the relation of post-socialism to post-colonialism and capitalism. I conceptualize and discuss a diagram that illustrates the relations between the former East, the West, the North, and the South, and in particular, the relation between labour and capital and between capitalism and colonialism across these territories. I suggest that if we are to dismantle imperialism, that is, terminate capitalist colonialism, we need to rethink the racial/colonial divide and the imperial/colonial divide.
BTS and the Labor of Techno-Orientalism
Authors: Lee Julia H.
Published: December 2024

This article makes the case that the discourse around K-pop supergroup BTS and their fans—known as ARMY—marks an intersection between techno-Orientalism, the abstraction and demonization of Asian labor, and Korea in the US imperial imaginary. BTS exemplifies what I suggest is a contemporary form of Asian racialization that emphasizes the Asian figure as embodying a series of seeming contradictions between the synthetic/mechanistic and the undeveloped/primordial. BTS reveals the ways that these threads of racialization do not contradict but rather complement each other, explaining how narratives marveling at the group’s technical proficiency/synchronicity/productivity can exist side by side with suggestions that their musical output is the result of a labor that is denigrated because it is perceived as being mechanized, abstract, and devoid of the qualities of artistry and creativity exclusively associated with Western modernity.
“A Currency of Happenstance”
Authors: Owen Louise
Published: December 2024

Commissioned by Manchester International Festival, The Find (2023) was a participatory art project by conceptual artist Ryan Gander. It distributed non-monetary coin in public space to create what Gander termed “a currency of happenstance,” engaging chance procedures and choice. This essay discusses The Find’s participatory aesthetics and ethical claims, asking what its engagement with coin might elucidate regarding continuities and changes in cultural and economic life, and contemporary political struggles regarding money.
Raising the Bar in Child Welfare Law
Authors: Sumoski Diane M.
Published: December 2024

This article explores the unique opportunities arising from child welfare law practice in clinical legal education. While training law students for lawyering in all practice areas, the clinic can also inspire experienced child welfare practitioners to raise the level of their practice. The article provides an overview of the child welfare practice in Texas, the various roles of lawyers in the system, the special training required for these lawyers, and how the lawyers are employed and paid. The article proposes that the clear impact of child welfare legal practice on clients, combined with its interdisciplinary complexity, creates an ideal combination for motivating law students to zealous representation while teaching them how to apply real facts to a wide variety of law and policy in a culturally competent framework. Because SMU’s clinic students are eager learners experiencing lawyering firsthand, without bearing the burden of the “billable hour,” they can explore issues and model best practices in the Dallas community. The Child Advocacy Clinic’s work representing children and former foster youth stands as a proving ground for current issues and best practices. In turn, SMU Dedman Law can turn the lessons learned in the robust clinic practice to provide essential training to the child welfare community at large. The article also relies on, and was greatly inspired by, clinic students’ words in describing the lawyering experiences they gained through the clinic.
75 Years of Clinical Legal Education: Celebrating the Past While Looking to the Future
Authors: Spector Mary B.
Published: December 2024

In October 2023, the Clinical Program at SMU Dedman School of Law celebrated its 75th anniversary. The occasion provided an opportunity to celebrate seventy-five years of free legal services to thousands of clients over the years: real people with real problems without the means to hire a lawyer. Among the legal services provided were ones that ensured families had safe and affordable places to live, protected the rights of those in the criminal justice system, safeguarded seniors’ financial stability, assisted taxpayers in navigating disputes with the IRS, and ensured that employees obtain the benefits to which they are entitled.
During that time, thousands of law students worked countless hours under the supervision of their faculty supervisors to assist their clients. Though Dedman Law’s clinical program has evolved over the last seventy-five years, its two-fold mission is unchanged. Part law office and part teaching laboratory, its mission is (1) to provide quality legal services to those in need, while (2) providing law students meaningful opportunities to develop important professional values and skills.
This essay will provide a glimpse of what the core mission looks like today as it considers some of the changes that have occurred over the last seventy-five years, and it will end with some thoughts as we look to the future.
What Will Deliver the Best Bang-For-Your-Treatment-Buck? Treatment Effects of Physical Therapy Approaches to Managing Chronic Ankle Instability: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Yang Yi-Shiuan , Lai Pei-Chun , Liu Zhao-Wei , Fang Ching-Ju , Tu Yu-Kang , Chang Chia-Hao , Huang Ming-Tung , Wu Po-Ting , Su Wei-Ren , Hong Chih-Kai , Kuan Fa-Chuan , Hsu Kai-Lan , Chang Chih-Wei , Lin Chii-Jeng , Shih Chien-An
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relative efficacy of various physical therapy interventions for chronic ankle instability (CAI).

DESIGN: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

LITERATURE SEARCH: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, and CINAHL bibliographic databases were searched up to December 2023.

STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials examining nonsurgical treatments for CAI.

DATA SYNTHESIS: We used frequentist network meta-analysis to assess 8 outcomes across 44 trials, including the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale or Sport scale, Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) in 3 directions (anterior [A], posteromedial [PM], and posterolateral [PL]), dorsiflexion range of motion, and pain. Surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values identified the most effective interventions.

RESULTS: Based on SUCRA rankings, a regimen combining balance and strengthening exercises, augmented with either manual therapy or dry needling, was identified as the most effective in enhancing function (SUCRA: FAAM ADL = 95.2% [manual]/83.9% [dry needling]; FAAM Sport = 87.9% [manual]/80.1% [dry needling]), improving dynamic balance (SUCRA [manual]: SEBT-A = 92.1%; SEBT-PM = 98.0%; SEBT-PL = 90.8%), and significantly relieving pain (SUCRA: 99.9%). A multimodal exercise approach combined with manual therapy showed superior efficacy in increasing dorsiflexion (SUCRA: 61.6%). Tai chi emerged as the most promising intervention for improving stability (SUCRA: 99.9%).

CONCLUSION: Interventions that emphasized strengthening and balance exercises were the most effective strategy for achieving best function and pain relief for patients with CAI. Multimodal exercises and tai chi might improve ankle range of motion and instability, respectively. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2025;55(1):26-44. Epub 20 December 2024. doi:10.2519/jospt.2024.12601
Correspondantes internacionais. Introdução
Authors: Leal-Adghirni Zélia , Pinson Guillaume , Ruellan Denis
Published: December 2024

Correspondantes internacionais. Introdução
The Editorial and Public Debate. Introduction
Authors: Demers François
Published: December 2024

The Editorial and Public Debate. Introduction ￼
Kurumlarda Çalışan Memnuniyeti ve İşveren Markası Uygulamaları
Authors: Akduman Gülbeniz , Nasraddinler Uğur
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışma ile işletmelerin sürdürülebilir rekabet gücünü artırmak üzere öne çıkan kavramlardan birisi olan işveren markası kavramı ve çalışanların işletmelere bağlılığını artıran çalışan memnuniyeti kavramlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Tasarım/Yöntem: İşveren markası ve çalışan memnuniyetinin kurumsal uygulamalarının analiz edilmesi amacıyla ilgili alan yazından ulaşılabilir en uygun çalışmaların belirlenmesi, gözden geçirilerek özetlenmesi amacıyla sistematik literatür taraması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Literatürde yer alan kavramsal bilgiler ve araştırmalar ışığında işveren markası ve çalışan memnuniyeti kavramları incelenmiş, hem ulusal hem de uluslararası firmaların işveren markası uygulamaları ile çalışan memnuniyeti uygulama örnekleri ele alınarak eleştirel analizi yapıldıktan sonra kalitesi ile kanıt düzeyi değerlendirilerek bulgular yorumlanmıştır.

Sonuçlar: Hangi sektörde ya da büyüklükte olursa olsun kurumlarda işveren marka algısını ve çalışan memnuniyetini arttırma amacıyla yapılan çalışmalar çalışanların memnuniyet düzeylerine olumlu yönde katkı sağlamakta, bu da hem çalışan performansını hem de kurum performansını yükseltmektedir. Bu bağlamda kurumlar yapılan iyi uygulamalardan ilham alarak kendi kurum kültürlerine ve çalışan beklentilerine uygun çalışan memnuniyetini ve işveen marka algısını arttıracak aksiyonlar planlamalı ve uygulamalıdır.

Uygulama Çıkarımları: Bu çalışmada sunulan işveren markası ve çalışan memnuniyetini yükseltecek uygulamalar işletmelere örnek olabilecek ve ilham verecektir.

Özgün Değer: Bu araştırma yerel ve uluslararası büyük ölçekli firmaların üzerinde durduğu işveren markası ve çalışan memnuniyeti uygulamalarına odaklanarak bu iki konu üzerinde kendilerini geliştirmek isteyen işletmelere ışık tutması açısından önem arz etmektedir.
Simulação da implementação do processo de enfermagem em pacientes com sintomas de Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio
Authors: Jesus Gabrielly Azevedo de , Santos Gabriela Romão de Almeida Carvalho
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Descrever a experiência de uma graduanda de enfermagem na simulação da implementação do processo de enfermagem em casos de pacientes com sintomas de infarto agudo do miocárdio. Relato de experiência: A experiência foi vivenciada por uma discente do nono período do curso de enfermagem durante uma simulação realística que aconteceu em uma universidade particular da cidade de Salvador/BA.  Foi apresentado aos estudantes um caso clínico para simulação, e com isso foi utilizado um manequim demonstrando sinais e sintomas do IAM. Houve uma discussão sobre o caso clínico e após isso, iniciou-se a simulação pedindo a solicitação do exame para confirmação do diagnóstico de IAM. Em seguida, foi executado de acordo com o mnêmonico MONABCH do IAM. Por fim, o diagnóstico de enfermagem e as intervenções foram desempenhadas para melhora no quadro clínico. Considerações finais: Em suma, é indispensável a importância da simulação realística no processo de formação dos discentes, como forma de florescer habilidades, como também, faz-se necessário o método de aplicação da implementação do processo de enfermagem como forma de planejar e executar as ações de saúde voltadas ao paciente com IAM.
How can LS Improve the Effectiveness of PBL-TaRL in Biology Learning with Ecosystem Material?
Authors: Septiana Bella , Misri Supadmi  , Sumani  , Marheny Lukitasari
Published: December 2024

The main objective of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of PBL-TaRL implementation through Lesson Study (LS) on Ecosystem material in high school. The research design used a combination of qualitative and quantitative data through mixed methods with triangulation. The study consisted of three cycles that observed students' learning activities especially in the Plan, Do, and See stages. A pretest-posttest sheet in the form of a google form and an observation sheet were used as instruments in this study. All data were analyzed qualitatively with paired sample t-test and N-Gain test. The results showed that LS-based PBL-TaRL had effective results in learning, from the acquisition of N-Gain in cycle 1 of 72.2%, 95.75% in cycle 2, and 89.66% in cycle 3. These findings are expected to provide information for subject teachers, and the government in the field of education to further develop and apply the PBL-TaRL approach.
The Influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Learning Model on Students' Critical Thinking Ability in Class VIII Respiratory System Material at SMP Negeri 2 Gunungsari
Authors: Umami Risa , Arizatul Aslamiyah
Published: December 2024

This research aims to determine whether there is an influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on students' critical thinking skills in class VIII respiratory system materials at SMP Negeri 2 Gunungsari. The type of research used is Quasi experimental design with a quantitative approach. The population in this study were students in class VIII of SMP Negeri 2 Gunungsari, with the research sample being class VIII A as the experimental class and class VIII B as the control class. The instrument used in this research is test questions in the form of essays. Data analysis was carried out by hypothesis testing (t-test). The results of the research show that the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on students' critical thinking skills in class VIII respiratory system material at SMP Negeri 2 Gunungsari, with a significant value of 0.000 < 0.005, means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted so it can be concluded that there is a significant influence. significant impact on the use of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on students' critical thinking abilities.
DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF A NUMBER OF ANAMNESTIC, CLINICAL AND LABORATORY DATA USED IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE ABDOMINAL PAIN IN CHILDREN
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Vakulchik V. G. , Khudovtsova A. V. ,   Grodno Regional Children's Clinical Hospital, Grodno, Belarus, Halavach K. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Myslivets M. H. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: December 2024

Вackground. Acute abdominal pain is one of the most common symptoms in pediatric practice. The problems of rapid, accurate and timely differential diagnosis have not been solved to date. Objective. To determine the diagnostic value of a number of anamnestic, clinical and laboratory data used in differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain in children. Material and methods. A prospective randomized blind controlled clinical study. 597 children aged from one year to 18 years with acute abdominal pain were examined according to the analytical chart developed in the clinic. Results. The use of such clinical signs as “nausea, vomiting, pain migration, local pain in the right iliac region” in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain is of subsidiary importance. Diagnostically the most important and informative for stratification aimed to distinguish patients with possible destructive appendicitis are such symptoms as “anorexia, muscle tension, Shchetkin’s symptom, Razdolsky’s symptom”, the number of leukocytes, the number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils. It is advisable to use the absolute neutrophil count instead of the relative neutrophil count. None of the abovementioned symptoms has sufficient diagnostic value to establish the diagnosis of “destructive appendicitis”. Conclusion. Consistent evaluation of these symptoms may improve the quality of differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain in children and to distinguish patients requiring surgical treatment.
CORRELATION OF GUT MICROBIOTA PROFILE AND DECOMPENSATION OF LIVER FUNCTION
Authors:   Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, Belarus, Malaeva E. G. , Stoma I. O. ,   Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, Belarus, Voropaev E. V. ,   Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, Belarus, Osipkina O. V. ,   Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, Belarus, Kovalev A. A. ,   Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, Belarus
Published: December 2024

Background. There exists a bilateral relationship between the gut microorganisms and the liver, the so-called "gut microbiota-liver" axis. With the progression of liver diseases and a decrease in liver function, there is a change in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the gut microbiota. Objective. To analyze the relationship between the gut microbiota profile and the level of bilirubin, albumin, and prothrombin in patients with liver cirrhosis. Material and methods. A prospective cohort single-center study of 79 hospitalized patients with liver cirrhosis was conducted, which included collection and low-temperature freezing of stool samples. High throughput sequencing was performed with the MiSeq genetic analyzer (Illumina, USA) using a protocol based on the analysis of variable regions of the 16s rRNA gene. The data was analyzed by using the Kraken2 algorithm and by calculating the Spearman correlation coefficient. The significance level of α is assumed to be 0.05. The study is registered in Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05335213). Results. The gut microbiota in liver cirrhosis and decreased liver function is characterized by an increase in the density of potentially pathogenic taxa such as Proteobacteria, Synergistetes, and a decrease in the taxa of Bacteroidetes, Elusimicrobia, Verrucomicrobia, Aquificae, Candidatus Saccharibacteria, Thermotogae, Ignavibacteriae, which can be attributed to autochthonous. The indices of alpha diversity of the intestinal microbiota (Observed, Shannon, Simpson, Chao1) have no significant differences depending on the level of bilirubin, albumin, and prothrombin. Conclusion. The relationship between the gut microbiota and liver diseases is beyond doubt. With the progression of liver cirrhosis and a decrease in liver function, an increase in the number of pathogenic and a decrease in potentially beneficial taxa of the fecal microbiota is observed.
BOCHDALEK’S HERNIA IN ADULTS: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Rashchynski S. M. ,   City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care of Minsk, Minsk, Belarus
Published: December 2024

Вackground. Bochdalek's hernia (BH) is a very rare form of diaphragmatic hernias. Partly due to the exotic nature of this hernia in adult patients, there is no consensus on diagnostic algorithms and clearly established indications for surgical management. Objective. To assess the prospect and feasibility of an individual approach to the diagnosis and choice of surgical treatment on a clinical case of BH. Material and methods. A rare case of BH in a female patient initially hospitalized with a suspected hepatopancreatobiliary pathology. MSCT of the abdomen has been done that allowed to establish the diagnosis of BH. Laparoscopic surgery with simultaneous cholecystectomy and abdominal wall incisional hernia repair minimizes postoperative morbidity and reduces hospital length of stay up to 7 days. Results. Because BH is uncommon there still remains a tendency to follow up patients with this pathology. In adults BH does not have a specific clinical presentation, so MSCT is definitely advisable for the purpose of differential diagnosis. It is necessary to be aware of the precipitating factors, that increase intra-abdominal pressure, the most common and dangerous of which are obesity and, in some cases, pregnancy. Misdiagnosis of BH still reaches up to 35 – 49%, thus resulting in increased number of complications and fatal outcomes. Conclusion. Timely diagnosis of BH allows to perform a planned surgical procedure. The best surgical approaches are laparoscopic or thoracoscopic repair with the possible use of synthetic or biological mesh grafts.
PERSEPSI ORANG TUA TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN SEKS ANAK USIADINI PADA SISWA KELAS B DI TK ISLAM SAKINAH
Authors: Anriani Echy , Alucyana Alucyana
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi orang tua terhadap pendidikan seks anak usia dini pada siswa kelas B TK Islam Sakinah, dan mengaitkan dengan teori tentang pandangan, penafsiran, dan penilaian orang tua terhadap pendidikan seks anak usia dini pada siswa kelas B di TK Islam Sakinah. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui persepsi orang tua terhadap pendidikan seks anak usia dini pada siswa kelas B di TK Islam Sakinah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif narasi deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pandangan orang tua terhadap pendidikan seks untuk anak usia dini di pandang hanya sebatas hubungan orang yang sudah berumah tangga atau hubungan antar suami dan istri. Penafsiran orang tua terhadap pendidikan seks anak usia dini adalah memberikan pemahaman kepada anak tentang bagian tubuh mana saja yag boleh di sentuh, serta memberikan pemahaman kepada anak tentang perbedaan anggota tubuh laki-laki dan perempuan. Penilaian orang tua terhadap pendidikan seks anak usia dini adalah tidak setuju tentang adanya pendidikan seks untuk anak usia dini, karena di anggap merupakan hal yang tidak wajar jika diterapkan terlalu dini.
Представительство и доверенность в гражданском праве
Authors: Кархалёв Д.Н. , Качур Н.Ф.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрены актуальные проблемы защиты гражданских прав и ответственности при реализации охранительной функции гражданского права в области отношений представительства.

The article соnsideres the actual problems of defense of civil rights and responsibility realization defense function of civil law in representation relations.
Международное регулирование защиты прав детей в цифровом пространстве
Authors: Мензелинцева А.А.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена анализу существующих международных правовых договоров по защите прав детей на предмет наличия в них норм, касающихся защиты прав детей в цифровом пространстве. Не отрицая безусловную пользу цифрового пространства, автор акцентирует внимание на наличии в нем серьезных угроз, наносящих в ряде случаев непоправимый вред психическому здоровью детей. Отдельное внимание уделяется положениям международных правовых актов, касающихся обеспечения защиты прав детей в цифровом пространстве, в частности актов Европейского союза, Совета Европы и Комитета министров СЕ, носящих рекомендательный характер; раскрывается их значение в регулировании защиты прав детей в цифровом пространстве. В ходе исследования автором выявлена проблема, связанная с отсутствием универсального регулирования защиты прав детей в цифровом пространстве, и сформулированы возможные пути развития нормативно-правовой базы в указанной сфере.

The article is devoted to the analysis of existing international legal treaties on the protection of children's rights in terms of the presence in them of norms relating to the protection of children's rights in the digital space. Without denying the undeniable benefits of the digital space, the author focuses on the presence of serious threats in it, causing in some cases irreparable harm to the mental health of children. Special attention is paid to the provisions of international legal acts related to ensuring the protection of the rights of children in the digital space, in particular acts of the European Union, the Council of Europe and the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, which are advisory in nature; reveals their importance in regulating the protection of children's rights in the digital space. In the course of the study, the author identified a problem associated with the lack of universal regulation of the protection of children's rights in the digital space, and formulated possible ways to develop the legal framework in this area.
Развитие института наставничества в органах предварительного расследования ОВД России
Authors: Юзиханова Э.Г. , Ахвердиева С.Т.
Published: December 2024

В условиях стремительных изменений в жизни общества, активного использования новых информационных технологий и сети Интернет сотрудники органов предварительного расследования ОВД России в своей деятельности должны опираться не только на знание законодательства Российской Федерации, но и на умения и опыт своих старших товарищей. Институт наставничества призван помочь новым молодым сотрудникам органов обрести необходимые навыки и умения, без которых невозможно добиться должных результатов деятельности. Цель статьи — раскрыть методы наставничества и создания модуля эффективной системы наставничества в органах внутренних дел Российской Федерации.

In the conditions of rapid changes in the life of society, the active use of new information technologies and the Internet, the employees of the preliminary investigation bodies of the Internal Affairs Directorate of Russia in their activities should rely not only on knowledge of the legislation of the Russian Federation, but also on the skills and experience of their senior comrades. The institute of mentoring is designed to help new young employees of the bodies acquire the necessary skills and abilities, without which it is impossible to achieve proper performance. The purpose of the article is to reveal the methods of mentoring and creating a module for an effective mentoring system in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation.
О роли и значении методов экологического права
Authors: Анисимов А.П.
Published: December 2024

В статье высказываются дискуссионные суждения и выводы о роли и значении методов правового регулирования в конструировании отдельных отраслей права. Предлагаются критические замечания о существовании методов экологизации и стимулирования как особых методов, присущих только экологическому праву. Исследуются диспозитивный и императивный методы правового регулирования экологических отношений, рассматривается взаимосвязь методов и принципов экологического права, их взаимовлияние

The article expresses debatable judgments and conclusions about the role and significance of legal regulation methods in the construction of separate branches of law. Critical remarks are offered about the existence of methods of greening and stimulation as special methods belonging only to environmental law. Dispositive and imperative methods of legal regulation of environmental relations are investigated, the interrelation of methods and principles of environmental law, their mutual influence is examined.
Проблемные аспекты категорий «вина» и «исполнимость судебных решений» в условиях цифровой трансформации общества.
Authors: Степанов О.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируется проблемные аспекты категорий «вина» и «исполнимость судебных решений» в условиях цифровой трансформации общества. Автор отмечает, что на современном этапе внедрения в общественную практику систем на основе использования искусственного интеллекта, а также автоматизированных информационных систем требуется детальная проработка проблемы привлечения к ответственности в рамках исполнимости судебных решений не только за правонарушение, но и за причинение общественного вреда.

The article analyzes the problematic aspects of the categories of "guilt" and "enforceability of judgments" in the digital transformation of society. The author notes that at the present stage of introduction in social practice of the systems based on the use of artificial intelligence, as well as automated information systems requires detailed study of the problem of accountability in the excitability of judgments, not only for the offense, but also for causing social harm.
Гражданско-правовые основы формирования и функционирования мобилизационной экономики в Российской Федерации
Authors: Богданов Е.В.
Published: December 2024

В связи с резким обострением международной обстановки и проведением Западом в отношении Российской Федерации действий, граничащих с военными, в статье обоснована острая потребность в существенной корректировке социально-экономической модели России. Автор делает вывод о необходимости создания двухсекторной экономики, состоящей из частного сектора и государственного сектора. С этой целью следует не ликвидировать и не реорганизовывать государственные предприятия на праве хозяйственного ведения, а, наоборот, развивать их. Обоснован также вывод о том, что правом на свободу предпринимательской деятельности должны обладать лишь добросовестные предприниматели. Необходимо также повысить социальное значение предпринимательства.

In connection with the sharp aggravation of the international situation and the conduct of actions by the West against the Russian Federation, in fact, bordering on the military, the article substantiates the urgent need for a significant adjustment of the socio-economic model of Russia. The author concludes that it is necessary to create a two-sector economy, consisting of the private sector and the public sector. To this end, state enterprises should not be liquidated or reorganized on the basis of the right of economic management, but, on the contrary, they should be developed. The conclusion is also substantiated that only conscientious entrepreneurs should have the right to freedom of entrepreneurial activity. It is also necessary to increase the social significance of entrepreneurship.
Специальная военная операция: пытки российских военнопленных и их квалификация согласно международному праву
Authors: Луценко С.И.
Published: December 2024

Автор продолжает цикл статей о специальной военной операции России на Украине. В статье рассматриваются особенности обращения с российскими военнопленными в контексте международного права. Анализируя нормы международного права о защите прав человека и материалы Европейского суда по правам человека, связанные с использованием запрещенных методов дознания, применявшихся военными Великобритании и других стран НАТО, автор делает предположение, что в процессе допросов российских военнослужащих использовался британский механизм дознания под названием «пять методов». Представлены критерии военного преступления с учетом Нюрнбергских принципов.

The author continues the series of articles on Russia's special military operation in Ukraine. The article discusses the features of the treatment of Russian prisoners of war in the context of international law. Analyzing the norms of international law on the protection of human rights and the materials of the European Court of Human Rights related to the use of prohibited methods of interrogation used by the military of Great Britain and other NATO countries, the author makes the assumption that during the interrogation of Russian military personnel, the British interrogation mechanism called "five methods of interrogation" was used". Criteria for a war crime are presented, taking into account the Nuremberg principles.
Возможности применения зарубежного опыта для совершенствования антикоррупционного законодательства Российской Федерации в системе государственной службы
Authors: Ордина О.Н.
Published: December 2024

Как известно, Россия продолжает оставаться страной с высоким уровнем коррупции, в отличие от ряда стран Северной Европы и Канады. Данная статья — это попытка изучения опыта противодействия коррупции в системе государственной службы указанных стран. Методы противодействия взяточничеству в названных странах складывались десятилетиями, приносят положительные результаты и вполне могут быть восприняты российским государством и обществом. Автор отмечает, что борьба с коррупцией в системе государственной службы должна носить системный характер, как и совершенствование законодательства в этой сфере. Необходимы оптимизация антикоррупционных методов борьбы с данным негативным явлениям, воспитание неприятия коррупции в обществе с раннего возраста, развитие реальных демократических институтов, широкое и «без купюр» освещение в СМИ проявлений коррупции на госслужбе как на федеральном, так и на региональном уровне.

As you know, Russia continues to be a country with a high level of corruption, unlike a number of countries in Northern Europe and Canada. This article is an attempt to study the experience of combating corruption in the public service system of these countries. Methods for combating bribery in these countries have evolved over decades, bring positive results and may well be accepted by the Russian state and society. The author notes that the fight against corruption in the civil service should be systemic, as well as the improvement of legislation in this area. It is necessary to optimize anti-corruption methods of combating these negative phenomena, to nurture the rejection of corruption in society from an early age, to develop real democratic institutions, and to widely and “uncut” media coverage of manifestations of corruption in the civil service both at the federal and regional levels.