bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Price-Informative Advertising and Market Performance
Authors: Round David K
Published: July 2017

A long-standing proposition of economic theory is that real competition between firms is based on price competition. Economists have for years used the term ‘non-price competition’ to cover the product differentiation activities of firms, which tends to suggest that product differentiation (and its associated advertising) and price competition are mutually exclusive. Strictly speaking, in terms of economic theory, this is true. But the more modern approach to the empirical analysis of competition is to treat it as a process involving rivalry, whereby firms seek to gain an advantage over rivals as a result of strategic moves involving price, output, product quality, product image, service, research and development, and so on. Thus analysis of the price information provided by firms in their advertising messages may provide some useful insights into the ways in which these firms seek to compete with their rivals.
Adolescent and Adult Responses to a Media News Report
Authors: Russell Anne L
Published: July 2017

When adolescents and adults view, hear or read a news report, do they respond to that report in a particular manner dependent upon such factors as their age; or the medium presenting the news? If there are differences according to age or media format does this give some insights into how information is given to the masses?
A Comparison of Three Methods for Estimating Tourism Demand Models
Authors: Morley Clive L.
Published: July 2017

Estimation of tourism demand models involves a set of related equations with errors which may not satisfy the common assumptions of regression modelling. Results from a simulation exercise show that, for the error types and small samples considered, the Generalized Method of Moments is less accurate on average than the Ordinary Least Squares and Seemingly Unrelated Regression methods, which had very similar accuracies. Overall, the Ordinary Least Squares technique performs well and the results give little reason to use the more complex estimation techniques.
A Dynamic Equilibrium Pricing Model: A Game Theoretic Approach to Modelling Conventions' Room Rates
Authors: Schwartz Zvi
Published: July 2017

Utilizing the theoretical framework of game theory, this study provides an economic model to describe the process of determining a convention's room rates. It provides a method to infer simultaneously the room rate and the number of rooms allocated at each price level. This approach exploits information both on consumers' utilities and expectations, and on the hotel's perceptions of its markets. Equilibria in pure strategies are derived for various combinations of the market segments' relative size, supply demand ratios, and levels of willingness to pay. The study extends the existing literature on price optimization in hotels by including the customers as active participants in this strategic behaviour framework. The model demonstrates that the effectiveness of price optimization depends on the validity of the assumptions one makes about the segments' characteristics. The model identifies the market conditions under which yield management (allocation of rooms to room rates) maximizes the hotel's revenue. It shows the importance of a credible commitment by the hotel to maintain high room rates as time draws closer to the date of stay and shows how discounts can be used effectively to segment the market.
Pedal Cycle Accidents
Authors: Thorson Jan
Published: July 2017

Injury patterns of people who had sustained pedal cycle accidents were analysed. The main finding was that simple falls among child cyclists are associated with a high risk for trunk injuries caused by impact against handlebar ends. According to animal experiments the preventive principle of spreading the impact is not valid for handlebar trauma or in case of abdominal injuries as a whole.
Mortality among Female Alcoholics
Authors: Medhus Asbjörn
Published: July 2017

The investigation group is composed of the 83 female alcoholics who, in the period 1961–68, were subjected to their first compulsory treatment by the Temperance Board in Malmö. Their socioeconomic status was low. In many cases the women were heavily disadvantaged, socially. By the end of 1973, 15 of them (18%) had died: 8 through accidents, 4 by suicide, 1 of liver cirrhosis, 1 of myocardial infarction, and 1 of cerebral haemorrhage. General and cause-specific mortality was calculated on the basis of age-specific risk tables for females. The ratio of observed to expected mortality was: for all causes of death fully 7:1, for accidents 70:1, for suicides 30:1, and for other causes 1.6: 1. Those who died as a result of suicide were on average younger than the other female alcoholics at the first compulsory treatment, and those who died of other causes were on average older. All who died by suicide had earlier made many attempts at suicide. In fully half of all known attempts at suicide, violent methods had been employed.
Comparison between Participants and Non-participants at a Gynaecological Mass Screening
Authors: Hesselius Inge , Lisper Hans-Olof , Nordstroöm Ann , Anshelm-Olson Birgitta , Ödlund Britta
Published: July 2017

Nearly 35% of the women invited to the gynaecological mass screening in Uppsala do not participate. It is therefore of importance to study the reasons for this, especially as previous research in this field is sparse. We used a mail questionnaire which included questions concerning sociological data, gynaecological background, attitude to gynaecological examinations and to mass screening, attitude to cancer and to sexual matters. 87.5% of the sample of 800 women replied. We compared the group of women who had at some time participated in the mass screening with those who had never participated. The sociological variables were found to be closely correlated, and their individual significance could consequently not be distinguished. Those who had not participated did not as a whole constitute a critical group as regards detection of cancer, since it was found that most of these women had attended a gynaecologist elsewhere and, although they had had smears taken, they appeared to be poorly informed as to the type of cancer that the smear is intended to detect. Our questioning failed to show the women's attitude to cancer or to sexual matters was of significance for participation, although there is some evidence that the latter may be of some importance. The most significant difference disclosed between the groups was that non-participants consider gynaecological examinations more unpleasant than do participants. Furthermore it was found that women's expectations of the mass screening differ from what they consider to be included in the examination. Finally, measures intended to increase participation are suggested.
Prevalence of Male Alcoholism in a Cohort Observed for 25 Years
Authors: Öjesjö Leif , Hagnell Olle
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this work was to establish the age-specific prevalence rates of alcoholism syndromes in a cohort defined 25 years ago. Information has been collected by psychiatrists through free, exploratory field interviews subsequently checked against documentary records. Alcoholism was medically defined in three categories (abusers, addicts, and chronics). Drinking symptomatology active within the last year was estimated for 97.6% of the 952 men alive at the cross-section date July 1, 1972. Only three women were diagnosed as current alcoholics (0.3%) and women are excluded from the analyses. The prevalence of alcoholism among men was 9.5% (abuse 3.3%, addiction 2.8%, chronic alcoholism 3.4%). Type and severity of alcoholism were found to have different patterns for different age groups. The number of persons with the more severe forms had increased between 1957 and 1972, most apparent chronic alcoholism in age group 50–59 (from 1.1% to 6.8%). The longitudinal dynamic will be the object of special analyses.
Intervention on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Finnmark County: Changes after a Period of Three Years: The Cardiovascular Disease Study in Finnmark County, Norway
Authors: Tretli Steinar , Bjartveit Kjell , Foss Olav Per , Haider Trond , Lund-Larsen Per G.
Published: July 2017

In Finnmark county in Norway, 12329 males and females aged 20–49 years participated in two screening examinations with an interval of 3 years. The primary health service attempted, without receiving any extra resources, to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by means of a personal intervention programme among high-risk individuals and a health education programme directed at all residents in the county. During these 3 years the serum total-cholesterol (cross-sectionally) level decreased on average by about 0.3 mmol/l due to: firstly, a decrease among persons recommended a follow-up examination and secondly a decrease among household members of persons followed-up. The effect of a recommendation to attend a follow-up examination because of high blood pressure was doubtful. Cigarette consumption (cross-sectionally) decreased 12% for males and 4% for females. The joint decrease (improvement) in risk factors indicates a possible health benefit of about 20%, calculated in terms of myocardial infarction over 10 years.
Dental Habits, Knowledge, and Attitudes of Young Drug Addicts
Authors: Scheutz Flemming
Published: July 2017

The aim of the present study was to obtain information about a group of young drug addicts' dental habits, knowledge, and attitudes. Semistructured interviews with openended questions based on well-defined hypotheses were obtained with 20 intravenous drug addicts attending a Danish addiction clinic. All the interviews were taped and typed out verbatim. The analysis of the interviews was primarily carried out qualitatively. Almost all the addicts had been enrolled in the Public Child Dental Care system and the majority vividly remembered this as an unpleasant experience. None of the addicts attended a dentist regularly after having finished school, when the drug abuse usually started. Only a need for acute relief could generally motivate the addicts to visit a dentist, and in the few instances they were questioned about any drug abuse or viral hepatitis infection they usually concealed this. They evidenced very limited knowledge concerning the causes and prevention of dental decay and periodontal disease, and the high prevalence of dental caries was often believed to be caused solely or partly by the ascorbic acid or citric acid that is mixed and injected together with the drugs. A distinct behaviour with a neglected oral hygiene and an excessive intake of candy, soft drinks, and other food with a high sugar content was common. The dietary habits were related to the injection of the drugs in a ritual manner. The drug addicts only realized how deplorable their dental health had become during periods of abstinence, and then they were often embarrassed or ashamed of their esthetic appearance, although this was not perceived to have a negative influence on attempts at resocialization.

Any improvement in the dental behaviour in this group and a decrease in their dental disease is undoubtedly closely connected with stopping drug abuse, or at least reducing it, together with an improvement in these individuals' entire situation.
Tobogganing and Sledging Accidents: Mechanisms and Injuries
Authors: Björnstig Ulf , Tordai Paul
Published: July 2017

A series of 271 children, injured in tobogganing and sledging accidents was studied. The typical victim in a tobogganing accident was a 5-year-old child and in a sledging accident, an 8-year-old boy. Most accidents occurred on a slope especially designated for tobogganing and sledging. Despite this, the most common accident was a collision with an obstruction. Fractures made up 41% of the injuries, and 17% of all the injured children needed admission to hospital. An elimination of trees, poles and other obstructions from these slopes would reduce the injuries, and children should not be allowed to ride these vehicles near public roads and streets.
Emergency Care: Identification of Psychosocial Problems
Authors: Olsson Mariann , Edhag Olof , Rosenqvist Urban
Published: July 2017

Psychosocial problems are common among emergency department visitors, and can remain undetected if not focused upon. In the present study the magnitude of these problems was analysed by a social worker through telephone interviews 3–5 days after patients emergency department visit. This survey revealed not only those patients recognized by the regular staff as in need of help because of social problems (5%) but also an additional 33% of patients whose problems went undetected. Fifteen percent of the visitors found contact with a social worker to be helpful and six percent requested such help. A follow-up investigation five months after the visit revealed that assistance had been given to 83% of those patients.
Emergency Room Triage by a Medical Specialist
Authors: Edhag O. , Olsson M. , Rosenqvist M. , Rosenqvist U.
Published: July 2017

This is an investigation of the impact of an emergency room triage by a medical specialist. The study encompassed patients who came to the medical section of the emergency room of a large university hospital during a two-week study period and a control period of the same length. The result showed that 36% of the patients could be sent home after the triage, thereby reducing the number of chemical tests and ECG examinations significantly ( p<0.001). In addition, the patient's average treatment period was shortened by a mean of 63 min. No effect of the triage on hospital use of out-patient visits to the hospital during a one year follow-up period was noted. The triage procedure was safe for, and accepted by the patients, as was demonstrated by follow-ups involving investigation of the death register and personal interviews. The study shows that triage by a specialist is an effective method for reducing hospital service utilization and shorcening patient treatment time.
Smoking by physicians in Scandinavia: 1952–1989
Authors: van Reek Jan , Adriaanse Hans
Published: July 2017

The purpose is to describe smoking behaviour of physicians and of the general population in the Scandinavian countries. Data on smoking behaviour in physicians and in the population at large were collected from 14 surveys. The smoking prevalence dropped among male and female physicians in the period under study. Changes for the general male population were similar, but smoking among the general female population changed little. If the present changes continue, physicians could be a smokefree profession by the year 2000.
Casting Antimicrobial Packaging Films and Measuring Their Physical Properties and Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Han Jung H. , Floros John D.
Published: July 2017

Antimicrobial film was extruded using LDPE resins and potassium sorbate powder; its tensile properties, transparency and antimicrobial activity were measured to examine the adaptability as a packaging material. The tensile properties were not affected significantly by the incorporation of potassium sorbate to 3% (w/w) in the film. However, transparency of the film decreased as the concentration of potassium sorbate increased. The antimicrobial film decreased the growth rate and maximum growth of yeast, and extended the lag period before mold growth was apparent. Therefore, it can prevent or reduce the rate of microbial spoilage in low viscosity liquids and on the contacted surface area of solid food products and thus may prolong the shelf life of food products when it is used as a packaging material.
Orientation Determination and Morphological Study of High Density Polyethylene (Hdpe) Extruded Tubular Films
Authors: Yu Ta-Hua , Wilkes Garth L.
Published: July 2017

Fiber spinning and extrusion, which result in preferred molecular orientation for polyethylene, have been investigated for many years [1,2]. Particular effort has been undertaken to study the mechanism of molecular orientation on the structure and properties of polyethylene extruded blown films [3-5]. In 1994, Simpson and Harrison investigated the effect of processing parameters on the crystalline and amorphous morphologies in high density polyethylene (HDPE) blown films [3]. In their study, the crystalline structure in the polyethylene blown films was suggested to be a row nucleated structure. The development of the chain folded lamellae, which grow radially from the extended chain row nuclei, were found to be strongly dependent on the processing variables: take-up ratio, blow-up ratio and frostline height. Later, Fruitwala et al. examined the crystalline orientation and morphology for both HDPE and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) blown films [5]. The c-axis orientation in which the c-axis of the PE crystal unit cell mainly lies in the machine direction, was observed in the blown film HDPE systems. On the other hand, the LLDPE blown films were observed to possess preferential a-axis orientation with the a-axis of the PE crystal unit cell oriented toward the machine direction.
Alcohol and fertility: how much is too much?
Authors: Van Heertum Kristin , Rossi Brooke
Published: July 2017

Alcohol use is prevalent in the United States. Given that a substantial portion of the drinking population is of reproductive age, it is not uncommon for couples who are attempting conception, or for women who are already pregnant, to be regularly consuming alcohol. Alcohol use is associated with multiple reproductive risks, including having a child with a Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder, increased risk of fetal loss, and decreased chance of live birth. This review serves to examine the risks of alcohol in the context of reproductive health.
Self-esteem and the value of body in people who exercise regularly at the gym - the results of pilot studies
Authors: Ziemianek Piotr , Jendrysik Krzysztof , Horodecki Mikołaj , Knapik Andrzej
Published: July 2017

Wstęp. Ćwiczenie na siłowni staje się coraz bardziej popularne, zarówno wśród kobiet, jak i wśród mężczyzn. Regularne treningi, poza zmianami morfologicznymi oraz funkcjonalnymi mogą mieć wpływ na zmiany pewnych aspektów psychologicznych, szczególnie dotyczących poczucia własnej wartości oraz postrzegania własnego ciała. Cel. Postanowiono określić poziom poczucia własnej wartości oraz poczucia wartości własnego ciała u osób ćwiczących na siłowni. Ponadto celem badań było zbadanie wzajemnych zależności między tymi rodzajami samooceny oraz ocena wpływu wieku i stażu treningowego na ich poziom u kobiet i u mężczyzn. Materiał i metody. Zbadano 73 osoby regularnie ćwiczące na siłowni: 23 kobiety i 50 mężczyzn. Narzędziem badawczym był kwestionariusz, zawierający Skalę Samooceny Rosenberga (SES) oraz Skalę Poczucia Wartości  Własnego Ciała (BES). Wyniki. Zarówno kobiety, jak i mężczyźni ocenili poczucie własnej wartości na poziomie 59% możliwych do uzyskania punktów. Również poczucie wartości własnego ciała i jego składowe były powyżej połowy możliwych do uzyskania punktów. Nie znaleziono korelacji poczucia własnej wartości z poczuciem wartości własnego ciała. Odnotowano silne wzajemne korelacje między składowymi skali BES. Wśród kobiet odnotowano korelację wieku z wynikami SES. Wnioski. Osoby ćwiczące na siłowni mają dobry poziom globalnej samooceny oraz poczucia wartości własnego ciała. Badane rodzaje samooceny nie są wzajemnymi korelatami. Aspekty poczucia wartości własnego ciała są ze sobą skorelowane. Wśród kobiet wiek wpływa dodatnio na poczucie własnej wartości.
Prefered and actual leadership behaviours of coaches, perceived by athletes in training process
Authors: Fiedor Marian
Published: July 2017

Goal: obtaining an opinion of athletes about actual and preferred leadership behaviours of coaches as well as determining their correlation with selected personality features.Material: 140 competitors who practise professional sport: 54 females (38,6%) and 86 males (61,4%). The research project was carried out in 2014.Methods and tools: Rotter’s Internal-External Locus of Control Scale in translation of H. Olearnika (Ł. Drwal 1995), Generalised Self-Efficacy Scale, GSES - R. Schwarzer, M. Jerusalem and Z. Juczyński (Z. Juczyński 2001) as well as a  Polish version of Leadership Scale for Sports LSS – a questionnaire for examining coaching behavior) – by Zuzanna Wałach-Biśta (Wałach-Biśta 2014). Additionally, there were age, seniority and sport class certificates provided.Results: statistical calculations indicate diversity of female-competitors and male-competitors in the analysed parametres and 5 subscales of the SPS questionnaire.Conclusion/ summary: results of the analysis of rates of correlation indicate need for additional training for coaches in the field of selected soft skills (e.g. communicative).
Short Communication: The phenology of Sonneratia alba J. Smith in Berbak and Sembilang National Park, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: SARNO SARNO , SUWIGNYO RUJITO AGUS , DAHLAN ZULKIFLI , MUNANDAR MUNANDAR , RIDHO MOH. RASYID , AMINASIH NITA , HARMIDA HARMIDA , ARMANTO M. EDI , WILDAYANA ELISA
Published: July 2017

Sarno, Suwignyo RA, Dahlan Z, Munandar, Ridho MR, Aminasih N, Harmida, Armanto ME, Wildayana E. 2017. Short Communication: The phenology of Sonneratia alba J. Smith in Berbak and Sembilang National Park, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 909-915. The ecosystem of mangrove forms the largest portion of the habitat in Berbak and Sembilang National Park (BSNP), Banyuasin District, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia, which is the largest mangrove area in the western part of Indonesia. There is a tendency that the mangrove condition in this area is gradually degrading over time. The main causes of mangrove destructions are both natural and human factors. The destructions of mangrove in BSNP directed by human are more than natural factors, for axample, land use conversion from wildland into cultivated land, the making of ponds, especially along Banyuasin Peninsula. The information on the observation of mangrove phenology is very important for sustainable mangrove management. The observation of mangrove phenology in the restoration area of BSNP is intended to study the natural stages of growth and reproductive development of Sonneratia alba J. Smith, the local name is Padada. The observation is done by means of tagging methods. Monitoring is conducted periodically from the flowering time until the fruit was ripe. The phenology of Sonneratia alba takes about three months from the beginning of flowering until the fruit was ripe.
Short Communication: Agalmyla inaequidentata Hilliard & B.L. Burtt (Gesneriaceae- Didymocarpoideae): A new genus record for Buru Island, Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: MUSTAQIM WENDY ACHMMAD
Published: July 2017

Mustaqim WA. 2017. Short Communication: Agalmyla inaequidentata Hilliard & B.L. Burtt (Gesneriaceae, Trichosporeae, Didymocarpinae): A new genus record in Buru Island, Maluku, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1062-1065. Agalmyla inaequidentata Hilliard & B.L. Burtt (Gesneriaceae, Didymocarpoideae) has been discovered for the first time on Buru Island, the first record of the genus on the island. The result expands the distribution of the genus in the Maluku, so that it is now present on the Halmahera, Buru and Seram, the three largest islands in the archipelago. This species differs from other members of Agalmyla by the presence of both globular glands and acute hairs on the ovary and style. The number of lateral veins of this species is now also extended from 4−6 to 4−9 on each side of the midrib.
Antifungal activity of the extracts and fractions of dahlia tuber (Dahlia variabilis) against pathogenic skin fungi
Authors: SARYONO SARYONO , OCTARINA NOVA , YUHARMEN YUHARMEN , PRATIWI NOVA WAHYU , ARDHI AULIA
Published: July 2017

Saryono, Octarina N, Yuharmen, Pratiwi NW, Ardhi A. 2017. Antifungal activity of the extracts and fractions of dahlia tuber (Dahlia variabilis) against pathogenic skin fungi. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 146-151. Dahlia plant (Dahlia variabilis) can be easily found in the highlands in Indonesia and its tuber has been reported to have some bioactive compounds which are potential to be utilized as an antimicrobial agent. This study aimed to determine antifungal activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of n-hexane and methanol extracts and fractions of red-flowered dahlia tubers against pathogenic skin fungi Candida albicans and Microsporum gypseum using disc diffusion method. The n-hexane and methanol extracts and fractions of dahlia tuber showed their antifungal activity against C. albicans and M. gypseum, with the larger activity, was found in both extracts and fractions of methanol. The best fractions of n-hexane and methanol were chosen and determined their minimum inhibitory concentration; which the F5 n-hexane fraction and the F2 methanol fraction gave the MIC of 1.50% and 0.50% against C. albicans respectively, whereas both F1 n-hexane and F2 methanol fraction gave the MIC of 0.50% against M. gypseum. The high antifungal activity of F2 of methanol extract against C. albicans and M. gypseum allowed this fraction to be utilized as a medicinal drug for candidiasis and other fungal skin infections.
Addition of Chromium (Cr+3) in the diets containing fermented yellow corn meal on jelawat, Leptobarbus hoevenii
Authors: YANTO HENDRY , JUNIANTO JUNIANTO , ROSTIKA RITA , ANDRIANI YULI , ISKANDAR ISKANDAR
Published: July 2017

Yanto H, Junianto, Rostika R, Andriani Y, Iskandar. 2017. Addition of Chromium (Cr+3) in the diets containing fermented yellow corn meal on jelawat, Leptobarbus hoevenii. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 214-219. This experiment aimed to find the optimal level of Cr+3 in the diets containing fermented yellow corn meal to increase the growth of jelawat (Leptobarbus hoevenii Bleeker, 1851). The completely randomized design had five levels of Cr+3, they were A0 (0.52), A1 (1.55), A2 (3.03), A3 (4.52) and A4 (6.04) mg kg-1 in the diet. The source of Cr+3 was CrCl3 6H2O which was fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The results showed that Cr+3 in diets could activate the insulin and regulate the blood glucose. The fastest increase in blood glucose occurs 5 hours after feeding on Chromium 1.5 mg kg-1. The liver and muscle glycogen, protein and lipid of bodies, protein and lipid retentions, daily growth rate, and feed efficiency were significant (P<0.05). The diet containing Cr+3 1.55 mg kg-1 resulted in the highest for liver glycogen, body protein, body lipid, protein and lipid retentions, daily growth rate and feed efficiency. The Cr+3 level of 1.55 mg kg-1 in the diet contained 30% fermented yellow corn meal and 42.79% total carbohydrate was the best for the growth and feed efficiency of jelawat.
Evaluation of orange-fleshed sweetpotato genotypes for yield and yield contributing parameters in two environments
Authors: RAHAJENG WIWIT , RAHAYUNINGSIH ST. A.
Published: July 2017

Rahajeng W, Rahayuningsih SA. 2017. Evaluation for yield and yield contributing parameters of orange-fleshed sweetpotato genotypes in two environments. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 275-281. Orange-fleshed sweetpotatoe (OFSP) is one of the most important sources of betacaroten and carbohydrates. OFSP showed varying responses to different environments, depending on the adaptability of the genotypes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between yield and yield component of OFSP genotypes at two different agroclimatological environments (Mojokerto and Blitar) from May to September 2013. Twenty four OFSP genotypes (twenty two clones and two varieties as the check) were used in this study and arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that responses of OFSP genotypes to the environments varied and genotypes had highly significantly affected all parameters. Based on the criteria of high yield, amylum content, and dry matter production four clones were selected (MSU 09008-54, MSU 07009-113, MSU 07025-45, and MSU 09025-71) from Blitar and two clones (MSU 07009-113 and MSU 070-64) from Mojokerto. Clone MSU 07009-113 showed good performance in both environments for yield, amylum content, and dry matter production parameters. The result of the correlation analysis reveals that root yield is highly significant and positively correlated with dry matter production, number of roots, diameter of root, and harvest index in two locations (Blitar and Mojokerto). Based on the correlation and path analysis, dry matter production, root diameter, and harvest index can be used as an effective indicators selection for high yield OFSP genotypes.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Gastroenteritis
Authors: Setiadharma S. , Himawan T.
Published: July 2017

Four children, 3 males and 1 female, varying in ages from 3 to 12 years, showing the shock syndrome in gastroenteritis accompanied by intravascular coagulation (DIC) are reported. All patients developed progressive thrombocytopema, prolonged prothrombin time as well as partial thromboplastin time; and a decreased content of fibrinogen in the blood several days after hospitalization was observed. The diagnosis and treatment of DIC are also discussed.
Intelligent Quotient of Schoolchildren at an Urban Community Kelurahan Utan Kayu, Jakarta
Authors: Sularyo Titi , Sudiyanto Sudiyanto , Sudjarwo Sri Rochani , Atmodiwiryo E. Toto
Published: July 2017

The I.Q. measurements of a group of 103 schoolchildren of an urban community at Kelurahan Utan Kayu, Jakarta, have been evaluated. The expected result of 92.4 as the mean I.Q. value is considered due to the not so favorable environmental conditions provided to meet the basic needs of children for their growth and development. Therefore every effort must be made to improve the environment in all its aspects in order to improve the health of the children and to provide them with the right parental stimulation so that they will be able to take more advantages of the available eduoational opportunities.
Diarrhoeal Disorders in the Philippines
Authors: Santos-Ocampo Perla D. , Caspellan Alicia O. , Porras Ninofar Z. , Borja Maridel , Belmonte-Cuyugan Carmelita , Bernas Celerino
Published: July 2017

Lactose malabsorption exists in almost half of Filipinos, however, diarrhea due to lactose malabsorption found in association with diarrheas is very commonly encountered. This paper mentions solutions to the problem of diarrheal disorders, including early and accurate diagnosis and management. Specific management stresses both oral and intravenous rehydration, dietary management, correction of protein-energy malnutrition and antibiotic therapy, as necessary.
Five Years Annual Report on Neonatal Diarrheal Outbreaks in Yogyakarta
Authors: Surjantoro Purnomo , Soeprapto Soeprapto , Marwoto Marwoto
Published: July 2017

To prevent the morbidity and mortality of diarrhea in neonatal nursery units, especially in developing oountries, we suggest 3 points to be considered :a) planning of bed capacities according to the need of the surrounding area;b) prompt investigation of the best ratio between babies and nurses to guarantee the best nursing care (Walsh, 1971);c) nurse retraining every 3-6 months.
Electrogastrography in Delayed Gastric Emptying
Authors: Hegar Badriul , Vandenplas Yvan
Published: July 2017

Disorders of gastric motility are generally manifested by an abnormal rate of gastric emptying. The emptying process of the stomach is very complex, and knowledge is limited to the observation that gastric emptying rate is a highly variable phenomenon, and that delayed gastric emptying is frequently the case. The advances in the knowledge of the physiology of gastric muscle and enteric nerves, and the recognition of the patterns of organization of smooth muscle contractions gave a new input to the study of gastric motility. The gastric emptying can be monitored in various ways, such as manometry, scintigraphy, or electrogastrography (EGG). Recently, EGG has received more attention. There is correlation between the EGG signal obtained from body surface electrodes and signals obtained directly from electrodes locates in the gastric muscle (serosal records). Some studies showed an association between EGG-findings and gastric motility disorders, and indicate that EGG is a reliable, non-invasive, useful method to detect gastric myoelectric activity.
Prevention of Hypothermia of Low Birth Infants Using The Kangaroo Method
Authors: Alisjahbana Anna , Usman Ali , Lrawaty Suzi , Triyati Atte
Published: July 2017

Hypothermia is a common problem in neonates and an important contributory factor to neonatal mortality and morbidity. The results of an evaluation involving several health facilities and health personnel showed that thermal control practices were frequently inadequate in the following areas: ensuring a warm environment at the time of delivery, initiation of breastfeeding and contact with mother, bathing, checking the baby's temperature, thermal protection of low birth weight babies, and care during transportation. During kangaroo method (K-M) the infant is in skin to skin contact with the mother. A pilot study conducted on LBW infants discharged from the General Hospital in Bandung, and follow-up for 4 consecutive weeks showed the skin temperature to be well maintained. Weight increase was more stable compared to the control group and there were no re-hospitalization within the observation period. K-M has a simple and natural appeal, cold stress can be avoided; perhaps the most important benefit of K-M is improvement of lactation. In developing countries especially rural areas, temperature regulation and maintenance of lactation using K-M may be lifesaving for very low birth infants.
Acceptance of The Kangaroo Care Method by Mothers in Rural Area
Authors: Suradi Rulina , Chair Lmral , Thaha Ridwan M.
Published: July 2017

We evaluate the acceptance of Kangaroo Care Method (KCM) among ruralmother giving birth to LBW infants in the rural health centers of 3 provinces in Indonesia, from June 1 through November 30, 1997. All mothers giving birth to LBW infants (birth weight 1500-2500 grams) seen by the rural team on the first day with no morbidity requiring hospitalisation were included in this study. One hundred and sixteen mothers fulfilled the criteria, most of them (62.1%) were between 20-29 years of age. Birthweight between 2000-2500 grams was found in 86.2%, of infants, and 67.3% are fullterm small for date babies. Most respondents accepted the KCM because they were interested in a new and practical method showed by the midwife; 11.8% accepted it because it resembled the local habit. All the mothers in the three locations had a positive perception on the benefit of KCM; 90% found that their babies were more calm, 92.7%, said that their babies slept more and 85.4% said that their babies breastfed more often. As for their feelings, everyone said that they felt happy. As many as 86.4% of mothers practiced the use of KCM during the 28 days, but only 40% of them used them for a total of more than 5 hours a day. More than 80% of the mothers had support from the family and more than 60% had a substitute for the KCM. We conclude that KCM was feasible and acceptable among the rural community.
Sports tourism: terminological discussion
Authors: Mokras-Grabowska Justyna
Published: July 2017

This article is a terminological discussion concerning sports tourism and those experts who stress its complexity, multifacetedness and heterogeneity. They distinguish between passive and active participation in sports disciplines and at the same time stress the huge role this form of tourism plays in stimulating regional development, mostly due to organizing mass events. This paper is based on the statements of eight experts from different research centres dealing with tourism (mainly sports tourism) accompanied by the authors’ attempt to ‘standardise’ them by referring to the subject literature.
Retardo en la transmisión de información en la red Internet
Authors: Freire Fausto
Published: July 2017

El gran desarrollo tecnológico que en los últimos años ha sufrido la red Internet ha permitido que amplíe su horizonte de aplicaciones, lo que ha dado lugar a la aparición de nuevas tendencias como Telerobótica, Tele-producción, Tele-educación, Telecirugía, extendiéndose incluso al espacio exterior al utilizarse en los sistemas orbitales espaciales, etc.
Comparison between supra-cath and pigtail in drainage of liver abscess
Authors: Gupta Poonam , Goel Anubhav , Kumar Rajesh
Published: July 2017

Background: A majority of patients with liver abscess respond rapidly to treatment with drugs but the remaining specially with complications will eventually require either percutaneous aspiration or percutaneous drainage for their resolution. For this, Ryle’s tubes and Pigtail catheters have been used for percutaneous drainage of abscess. Supra-Cath is the latest variety of catheter which can be used for this purpose. Our study compares supracath and pigtail application for management.Methods: We conducted a prospective randomized comparative study in the departments of Surgery and Radiology, UPUMS Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh. A rural tertiary care centre in total of 60 patients from August 2016 to April 2017.Results: Average age in PCD and SCD were 38 and 42 respectably. Male:female ratio was 23:7 in PCD group and 21:9 in SCD group. Average size of abscess was 6.7 cm in PCD group and 6.9 in SCD group. Amoebic liver abscess was 18 in PCD and 22 in SCD group. Pyogenic abscess was 12 in PCD and 8 in SCD group. Average time for removal of PCD was 9.7 days and 8.6 in SCD group. In follow, up six patient had residual abscess in PCD group and two in SCD group at one month interval and all resolved with conservative treatment.Conclusions: Supra-Cath is very useful catheter for effective and safe drainage of large liver abscess and can be used as an alternative to pigtail catheter if not available.
Real Time Telemedical Health Care Systems with Wearable Sensors
Authors: Fajingbesi Fawwaz E. , Olanrewaju Rashidah F. , Rasool Pampori Bisma , Khan Sheroz , Yacoob Mashkuri
Published: July 2017

The time between detection and response to chronic diseases could go a long way in saving lives. The current trend in health monitoring systems is to move from the hospital centered device to eventually portable personal devices. Hence, Telemedical health care involves the remote delivery of medical care service to either out-of-hospital or admitted patients through wireless network and computer information technology. This paper systematically reviews the most recent works in telemedical health care system to propose a more efficient model. The focus is more on wearable sensors and devices with most attention given to cardiovascular patients in recent times. The huge literature available reflects the size of activity and attention given to telemedicine. The reviewed works are published within the last five years. Furthermore, the proposed systems are compared in terms of their connectivity, targeted application, type of sensor used, etc. Our study reveals Telemedicine to be a profound field with researchers from multidisciplinary sectors. However, there are still many gaps that need to be filled before maturity. Factors such as efficient wireless transmission, cyber data security, sensor design and integration, device miniaturization and intelligent algorithm for multi parameter data fusion require further considerations.
Microbiological and Physicochemical Characterization of Honeys from the Tiaret Region of Algeria
Authors: Laredj Hocine , Waffa Rezzoug
Published: July 2017

Honey is an organic product with a multiple physicochemical and biological properties. Microbiological analysis (total search germs, coliforms and fecal coliforms, spores of sulfite-reducing, Clostridium botulinum and Bacillus cereus and research yeasts) showed that the samples studied contain no spores or coliform and fecal coliform. The physicochemical analyzes (water content, Hydroxymethylfurfural: HMF, pH and free acidity, conductivity electrical and ash) showed that all samples meet International standards with the exception of one sample showed an HMF content (42.05 mg/kg) which is slightly above the European norm but still consistent with the Codex Alimentarius. The result of analyzes show that different honeys produced in this region are of good hygienic and market qualities.
Health Literacy among Women with Different Educational States in Baghdad
Authors: Mudhafer Al-Nema Zena , Thamir Ahmed Fadia , Fakhri Al-Tukmagi Haydar
Published: July 2017

Health literacy is an important method used by the authorities to strengthen the health system. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge of some basic health principles among women of different educational states. This is a crosssectional study, performed from December 2014 until January 2016, Baghdad. All candidates were: females > 18 years, neither medical staff nor students. They were divided into two groups: educated and uneducated. The sample included 213 women, there were 112 educated and 101 uneducated women. Regarding educated group, accurate answers regarding route of transmission of typhoid fever was 73.2% in educated subjects vs. 49.5% in uneducated subjects. Main source of information for both groups was personal experience, but internet was used more by educated 59 (52.7%) whereas television by the uneducated 48 (47.5%). In conclusion, educated women had better health literacy than uneducated. Pharmacists played an impotent role in health literacy in the uneducated. Activities of the Ministry of Health were influent on the educated women.
Dynamics of Child Health Services in Nigeria: A Review
Authors: Ogbonna B. O. , Ajagu N , Ezenekwe L. N. , Isidienu C. P. , Ejim C. E. , Nwankwo O. L.
Published: July 2017

Childcare has been identified as an integral aspect of integrated maternal and child health services and is aimed at child health promotion for childhood psychosocial and physical development. This study assessed the dynamics of child health services in Nigeria. This was in relation to Nigeria’s poor child health indices with the view to encouraging standard practices neglected over the years. It targets preventive health services to stem diseases and disability among children while promoting early diagnosis of diseases and prompt treatment. These services encompass the provision of childhood immunization, probing for and identification of handicapped children for early rehabilitation, child health education, and nutrition, promotion of environmental sanitation, and monitoring of developmental milestone through proper feeding. Other child health services include sickle cell prevention services, education of caregivers on the importance and use of oral rehydration therapy, and use of antimalarial treatment, and rehabilitation of already affected children. This is invaluable, especially in regions with developing countries where more than 50% of children die before their fifth birthday.
Medidas de precau��o de contato para preven��o e controle de infec��es: relato de experi�ncia
Authors: Alvim Andr� Luiz Silva , Santos Fernanda Carolina Ribeiro
Published: July 2017

Objetivo: descrever experi�ncia de teste de checklist elaborado pelo SCIH na avalia��o das medidas de precau��o de contato nas unidades de interna��o de um hospital particular de Belo Horizonte. M�todo: estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experi�ncia dos aspectos observados na pr�tica do SCIH em rela��o � implementa��o de um checklist piloto. Os dados emp�ricos foram produzidos durante os meses de agosto a outubro de 2015, totalizando 120 observa��es diretas nas unidades de interna��o. Resultados: foram observadas n�o conformidades ligadas, principalmente, ao armazenamento do avental. Conclus�o: o checklist contribuiu para avalia��o das medidas de precau��o de contato nas unidades de interna��o e mostrou-se uma boa op��o para o levantamento de necessidades de treinamentos, por�m o armazenamento do avental permaneceu incorreto.
Acad�micos de enfermagem e o desenvolvimento da lideran�a: desafios enfrentados no est�gio curricular
Authors: Knop Andr�a Lima , De Martin Gama Bernadete Marinho Bara , Sanhudo N�dia Fontoura
Published: July 2017

Objetivo: compreender a percep��o do acad�mico de enfermagem sobre o exerc�cio da lideran�a nas atividades do est�gio curricular. M�todo: utilizou-se abordagem qualitativa do tipo descritiva atrav�s de entrevistas com 12 acad�micos de uma Faculdade de Enfermagem no Munic�pio de Juiz de Fora-Minas Gerais. A an�lise dos dados amparou-se na an�lise tem�tica. Resultados: emergiram tr�s categorias: a lideran�a em enfermagem; o cotidiano do desenvolvimento da lideran�a; reflexo da lideran�a no processo de trabalho da equipe de enfermagem. A forma��o do enfermeiro permanece pautada no aprimoramento das t�cnicas/procedimentos e o desenvolvimento de habilidades e compet�ncias que o auxiliem a liderar acabam sendo afastadas do processo de aprendizagem. Os desafios que implicam no desenvolvimento da lideran�a durante o est�gio relacionam-se � aceita��o por parte da equipe e quest�es de relacionamento interpessoal na equipe. Sobre os reflexos da sua lideran�a apontam a confian�a, a autonomia, o interc�mbio de saberes e a inser��o de trabalho da equipe. Conclus�o: verificou-se que a lideran�a de enfermagem � entendida como uma compet�ncia essencial para o trabalho do enfermeiro. A abordagem do tema lideran�a na gradua��o � imprescind�vel e um grande desafio, o qual deve ser constitu�do n�o somente na parte te�rica, mas sua aplicabilidade na pr�tica.�
Gravidez na adolesc�ncia: perfil das gestantes e m�es adolescentes em uma unidade b�sica de sa�de
Authors: Freitas Valentim Jezo Rosangela , Karoliny da Silva Ribeiro Isabely , Ara�jo Alisson , De Assis Rodrigues Bruno
Published: July 2017

Objetivo: este estudo tem como objetivo conhecer o perfil de sa�de de m�es adolescentes e gestantes adolescentes pertencentes a uma Unidade B�sica de Sa�de do interior de Minas Gerais. M�todo: tratou-se de um estudo descritivo-explorat�rio de abordagem quantitativa. Participaram da pesquisa 10 m�es adolescentes e 5 gestantes adolescentes com idades entre 15 e 19 anos. Foram analisados: condi��es sociodemogr�ficas, socioecon�micas, ginecol�gicas e obst�tricas. Resultados: 67% das adolescentes n�o haviam planejado a gesta��o e estavam se relacionando com o pai da crian�a atualmente; 54% foram m�es entre 15 e 16 anos de idade. Quanto � sexarca, 47% relataram ter iniciado aos 15 anos. A respeito das consultas realizadas no pr�-natal, 40 % informaram ter realizado menos de 6 consultas e 7% n�o souberam informar quantas consultas foram realizadas. Com rela��o aos m�todos contraceptivos, 60% est�o fazendo uso de algum m�todo contraceptivo atualmente e 56% informaram que o m�todo anticoncepcional mais utilizado foi o anticoncepcional injet�vel. Conclus�o: a caracteriza��o do perfil das m�es e gestantes adolescentes permite a identifica��o das necessidades de sa�de desse grupo e contribui para o direcionamento das atividades educativas e assist�ncia em sa�de de forma integral e equ�nime.�� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ��
O significado de morar em um servi�o residencial terap�utico
Authors: N�brega Maria do Perp�tuo Socorro Sousa , Melo Veiga Thiago Fernandez de
Published: July 2017

Objetivo: descrever o significado de morar em um Servi�o Residencial Terap�utico na perspectiva de egressos de interna��o psiqui�trica. M�todo: trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada com 13 moradores de duas Resid�ncias Terap�uticas. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista em profundidade e analisados por meio da t�cnica de an�lise de conte�do. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias que ilustram a vis�o dos moradores: Resid�ncia Terap�utica: um lugar de direitos e escolhas; Resid�ncia Terap�utica: um lar ou uma casa de passagem? Conclus�o: os moradores relatam satisfa��o e reconhecem a Resid�ncia Terap�utica como um espa�o para uma vida mais independente. Devido � marcante heran�a asilar enfrentam dificuldades para apropriar-se de um espa�o para chamar de seu, progressivamente retomam a vida em comunidade e enfrentam desafios para empoderar-se e fazer escolhas. Como um dos dispositivos do processo de Reabilita��o Psicossocial a Resid�ncia Terap�utica representa um espa�o para constru��o da autonomia, independ�ncia e inclus�o social de pessoas com transtornos mentais.�