bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimal Sampling for Simulated Annealing Under Noise
Authors: Ball Robin C. , Branke Juergen , Meisel Stephan
Published: February 2018

This paper proposes a simulated annealing variant for optimization problems in which the solution quality can only be estimated by sampling from a random distribution. The aim is to find the solution with the best expected performance, as, e.g., is typical for problems where solutions are evaluated using a stochastic simulation. Assuming Gaussian noise with known standard deviation, we derive a fully sequential sampling procedure and decision rule. The procedure starts with a single sample of the value of a proposed move to a neighboring solution and then continues to draw more samples until it is able to make a decision to accept or reject the move. Under constraints of equilibrium detailed balance at each draw, we find a decoupling between the acceptance criterion and the choice of the rejection criterion. We derive a universally optimal acceptance criterion in the sense of maximizing the acceptance probability per sample and thus the efficiency of the optimization process. We show that the choice of the move rejection criterion depends on expectations of possible alternative moves and propose a simple and practical (albeit more empirical) solution that preserves detailed balance. An empirical evaluation shows that the resulting approach is indeed more efficient than several previously proposed simulated annealing variants.
Stochastic Inventory Routing for Perishable Products
Authors: Crama Yves , Rezaei Mahmood , Savelsbergh Martin , Woensel Tom Van
Published: February 2018

Different solution methods are developed to solve an inventory routing problem for a perishable product with stochastic demands. The solution methods are empirically compared in terms of average profit, service level, and actual freshness. The benefits of explicitly considering demand uncertainty are quantified. The computational study highlights that in certain situations although a simple ordering policy can achieve very good performance, statistically and economically significant improvements are achieved when using more advanced solution methods. Managerial insights concerning the impact of shelf life and store capacity on profit are also obtained.
Unwarranted variation in the provision of mental health care
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: February 2018

Ian Peate discusses unwarranted variation in mental health services, and how nurses can play an important role in addressing this issue
Understanding evidence use within education policy: a policy narrative perspective
Authors: Rickinson Mark , Walsh Lucas , de Bruin Kate , Hall Matthew
Published: February 2018

There are growing calls for improved understandings of the role of evidence within policy development. There is long-standing recognition of the role of narratives and narrative processes in public policy. The aim of this paper is to explore the potential of policy narratives as a way to make sense of evidence use in policy. Drawing on an exploratory study of evidence use by Australian education policymakers, we describe how policy narratives emerged as a recurring theme and repeated reference point. Building on these findings, we argue that policy narratives deserve greater attention and discussion within the field of evidence use.
Impacts of the project based (PBL) science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education on academic achievement and career interests of vocational high school students
Authors: Çevik Mustafa
Published: February 2018

The aim of this study is to determine effects of the Project-Based (PBL) STEM (Science Technology, Engineering Mathematics) education on academic achievements and career interests of vocational high school students. Pretest-posttest design, one group of pre-trial model, was used in the study. The participants of the research consisted of 18 students in eleventh-grade at the furniture department of vocational high school. Quantitative data collection tools were used to gather the data for the study. “STEM Achievement Test” and “STEM Career Interest Scale” were applied to the students as pretest and posttest. The data obtained from the achievement test and carrier interest test were analyzed by using non-parametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test with SPSS 16.0 software. It was found at the end of the study that, students improved significantly their academic achievement in the furniture design course and developed career interests in a positive direction.
Effect of cilostazol on platelet reactivity among patients with peripheral artery disease on clopidogrel therapy
Authors: Hernandez-Suarez Dagmar F. , Núñez-Medina Hector , Scott Stuart A. , Lopez-Candales Angel , Wiley Jose M. , Garcia Mario J. , Melin Kyle , Nieves-Borrero Karid , Rodriguez-Ruiz Christina , Marshall Lorraine , Duconge Jorge
Published: February 2018

Background:

Antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel is recommended to reduce cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD); however, clopidogrel efficacy has not been adequately studied in this patient population. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of cilostazol therapy on platelet reactivity among PAD patients on clopidogrel.

Methods:

We performed a cross-sectional pilot study of 46 Puerto Rican patients diagnosed with PAD. The cohort was divided based on use of clopidogrel and cilostazol (n=24) or clopidogrel alone (n=22). Platelet function was measuredex vivousing the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples using the QIAamp DNA Blood Midi Kit, which was subjected to candidate variant genotyping (CYP2C19,ABCB1,PON1andP2RY12) using TaqMan quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. All analyses were performed using SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute).

Results:

Among all enrolled patients, 18 (39%) had high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR). The mean platelet reactivity was 207±53 (range, 78–325) with higher P2Y12 reaction units in the non-cilostazol group, 224±45 vs. 191±55 on the cilostazol group (p=0.03). No significant differences were observed in the clinical or genetic variables between the two groups. A multiple regression analysis determined that history of diabetes mellitus (p=0.03), use of cilostazol (p=0.03) and hematocrit (p=0.02) were independent predictors of platelet reactivity.

Conclusions:

In Puerto Rican PAD patients on clopidogrel therapy, history of diabetes mellitus, use of cilostazol and hematocrit are independent predictors of platelet reactivity. Adjunctive cilostazol therapy may enhance clopidogrel efficacy among PAD patients with HTPR.
Sepsis as a model for improving diagnosis
Authors: Graber Mark L. , Patel Monika , Claypool Stephen
Published: February 2018

Diagnostic safety could theoretically be improved by high-level interventions, such as improving clinical reasoning or eliminating system-related defects in care, or by focusing more specifically on a single problem or disease. In this review, we consider how the timely diagnosis of sepsis has evolved and improved as an example of the disease-focused approach. This progress has involved clarifying and revising the definitions of sepsis, efforts to raise awareness, faster and more reliable laboratory tests and a host of practice-level improvements based on health services research findings and recommendations. We conclude that this multi-faceted approach incorporating elements of the ‘learning health system’ model has improved the early recognition and treatment of sepsis, and propose that this model could be productively applied to improve timely diagnosis in other time-sensitive conditions.
Der ganzen Idee von Demokratie zuwider?
Authors: Reich Rob
Published: February 2018

Stiftungen sind nur bedingt rechenschaftspflichtig, profitieren von großzügigen Steuervergünstigungen, sind zeitlich unbegrenzt und nur dem Stifterwillen verpflichtet. Insgesamt stellen sie damit eine institutionelle Kuriosität dar, die plutokratische Tendenzen in demokratischen Gesellschaften befördert. Aufgrund ihrer spezifischen Struktur sind sie jedoch auch dazu geeignet, zu einem Experimentierfeld für langfristig angelegte sozialpolitische Innovationen zu werden. Langfristig könnte dies Stiftungen zu mehr demokratischer Legitimität verhelfen.
Recent records of dhole (Cuon alpinus, Pallas 1811) in Uttarakhand, Western Himalaya, India
Authors: Pal Ranjana , Thakur Shagun , Arya Shashank , Bhattacharya Tapajit , Sathyakumar Sambandam
Published: February 2018

Camera trap photographs of solitary individuals of Asiatic wild dog or dholes (Cuon alpinus, Pallas 1811) have been recorded from Kheda Tal area in Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand. This is the first photographic confirmation of the presence of this species in the Himalayan habitats of Uttarakhand. The presence of dholes here seems to be confined to a relatively small area of unprotected habitats affected by various anthropogenic uses. The population of endangered dhole is rapidly declining especially in Himalayan region. Thus, it is imperative that local stakeholders are aware of their presence, and it is highly recommended that investigations of the ecological parameters of this population are continued.
On a viscous two-fluid channel flow including evaporation
Authors: Socolowsky Jürgen
Published: February 2018

In this contribution a particular plane steady-state channel flow including evaporation effects is investigated from analytical point of view. The channel is assumed to be horizontal. The motion of two heavy viscous immiscible fluids is governed by a free boundary value problem for a coupled system of Navier-Stokes and Stephan equations. The flow domain is unbounded in two directions and the free interface separating partially both liquids is semi-infinite, i.e. infinite in one direction. The free interface begins in some point Q where the half-line Σ
1 separating the two parts of the channel in front of Q ends. Existence and uniqueness of a suitable solution in weighted HÖLDER spaces can be proved for small data (i.e. small fluxes) of the problem.
Being White in Black Spaces: Teaching and Learning at a Predominately Black Institution
Authors: Harrington Timothy E. , Thomas Michael
Published: February 2018

This paper serves as a beginning conversation of how two White males perspectives’ were shaped and how those perspectives evolved while attending and teaching at a Predominately Black Institution (PBI). Their initial understandings of Whiteness are introduced. This is an ethnographic study that utilized personal narratives from a college professor and a doctoral student as they explore Whiteness at a PBI.
Visualizando oportunidades educativas mediante las TIC
Authors: Durán-López Marlene
Published: February 2018

Las buenas prácticas pedagógicas conllevan a los centros de enseñanza a concebir el tema tecnológico de forma responsable, ética y equitativa. Pensar en la generación de aprendizaje de forma integral conlleva a visualizar la tecnología no como el fin, sino como el medio para lograr los objetivos propuestos. Entender las nuevas tendencias tecnológicas, desde una mirada crítica y pertinente, abre un panorama que se traduce en oportunidades para el crecimiento integral de todos los actores involucrados en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Ante este panorama, surge el cuestionamiento tal como lo manifiesta Lévy:  ¿Cómo mantener las prácticas pedagógicas de acuerdo con estos nuevos procesos de transacción de conocimiento? Aquí no se trata de utilizar a todo precio las tecnologías sino de acompañar consciente y deliberadamente un cambio de civilización que vuelve a cuestionar profundamente las formas institucionales, las mentalidades y la cultura de los sistemas educativos tradicionales y, sobre todo, los roles del profesor y del alumno (2007, p. 144).Estos nuevos roles se presentan ante los nuevos escenarios tecnológicos, y han de ser concebidos dentro de una estrategia que brinde igualdad de oportunidades y faculte a los actores a mantener la cultura e identidad ante la globalización y las barreras que presenta una sociedad de información ante una sociedad de conocimiento.
Innovation policy of European chemical companies with special focus on large companies
Authors: Das Supriyo , Brunet Icart Ignasi
Published: February 2018

According to Arora et alii (1998), the chemical industry is one of the largest and most R&D-intensive manufacturing sectors in all the advanced economies, and its innovative patterns and productivity growth processes can have profound impacts on economic growth as a whole. The European chemical industry supplies virtually all sectors of the economy and accounts for 17.8% of the total sales of chemicals in the world. This paper gives an overview of the European chemical industry and the changing scenario of the world chemical industry by focusing on the top fifteen chemical companies in Europe. It describes the current problems this industry is facing in Europe especially after the economic crisis and shows that the region and the top companies are investing in R&D to bring about innovation and overcome the current challenges. It shows that R&D spending in absolute terms has hardly changed over the years and that the industry is still globally the largest investor in R&D activities. In terms of R&D, BASF has made the greatest investment followed by Bayer and Syngenta, while R&D intensity is highest for Syngenta and Bayer. BASF and Bayer have made most patent applications and have also had the highest number of patents granted. The quality of research in most chemical companies is very high and most of the large European companies make their first patent application in Europe rather than elsewhere. All the large chemical companies use Merger & Acquisition (M&A) to gain access to innovation. Industry-academia collaboration is one way to generate innovation in the chemical industry in Europe. Chemical clusters and the geographical distribution of chemical companies play a significant role in generating innovation.
Comparison of corporate governance, strategy, control and performance e valuation systems before and after privatization
Authors: Cuevas-Rodríguez Gloria , Guerrero-Villegas Jaime , Valle-Cabrera Ramón
Published: February 2018

The aim of this paper is compare corporate governance and firm strategy before and after privatization. The design of control and performance evaluation systems in the pre and post-privatization periods is compared so that it can be understood in relation to the changes observed at a high corporate level (corporate governance and firm strategy). We carry out various case studies on five privatized Spanish companies. The results support several conclusions. First, the variables that are traditionally related to greater board independence in monitoring do not undergo variation after privatization. Second, the interests of the firms’ new ownership have an impact on firm strategy after privatization. Finally, control and performance evaluation system designs clearly align with firm strategy after privatization.
La formación dual: un nuevo enfoque de la formación profesional
Authors: Molina Iris
Published: February 2018

A pesar de los continuos esfuerzos en nuestro país por concebir el sistema de formación profesional con un enfoque integrador, tal como aconseja la Unión Europea, se está lejos de conseguirlo. Por ello, las tasas de desempleo juvenil se mantienen altas y el desempleo de larga duración se perpetúa. El problema de fondo de concebir el sistema de formación profesional de forma fragmentada al atender a la edad de los beneficiarios, a la relación de estos con el mercado laboral o a la Administración, a quien le corresponde la competencia en cada caso, es la ineficacia del propio sistema. El sistema de formación profesional se organiza como un paso previo al trabajo. El requisito sine qua non para conseguir su eficacia es que emane de las empresas, del propio mercado laboral. Son las empresas las que pueden determinar cuáles son sus necesidades reales de formación y qué competencias deben adquirir los futuros profesionales. La formación profesional dual es una modalidad de oferta diferente que cubre defectos del sistema y consigue, por su propia naturaleza, el acercamiento entre el sistema de formación profesional y las empresas. Resuelve temporalmente problemas del sistema de formación profesional que tendrían que abordarse de forma más decidida. Los esfuerzos que se lleven a cabo en la formación profesional dual deberían ser para que su implantación fuera de calidad, atendiendo sobre todo a sus resultados cualitativos, sin desmerecer los cuantitativos.
Formación profesional: tensiones y dinámicas sociales
Authors: Martínez García José Saturnino
Published: February 2018

La proporción de titulados en formación profesional se ha incrementado considerablemente en las últimas décadas en España, y con la crisis económica, ha aumentado también la proporción de estudiantes, debido a que el paro ha bajado el coste de oportunidad para estudiar. El aumento de los titulados en formación profesional no ha supuesto su devaluación, ni en términos de competencias ni en términos de tasa de empleo en relación con el resto de los niveles educativos. La formación profesional se ha ido reformando continuamente en los últimos años. Esto obedece a que su institucionalización es el resultado de distintas tensiones sociales inestables. Las principales tensiones son las siguientes: si la formación debe realizarse en centros educativos u otros lugares, como las empresas; si debe planificarse según la demanda del alumnado o la oferta de las empresas; si debe tener más peso la formación reglada o la no reglada en torno a la selección del alumnado; y por último, cómo se puede mejorar el prestigio de un nivel educativo que prepara para profesiones de menor prestigio social que la universidad. Estas tensiones llevan a pensar que los equilibrios institucionales en torno a la formación profesional están condenados a ser precarios, y variarán conforme los distintos agentes sociales implicados tiendan hacia uno u otro polo
Monedas complementarias: dinero con valores
Authors: Corrons August
Published: February 2018

En este artículo se presentan y analizan las monedas complementarias: concepción, características, tipologías, situación actual, evolución e influencia sobre el sistema monetario. Desde enfoques teóricos, a casos reales e incluso estudios científicos, todos los traba- jos referenciados en este artículo analizan y demuestran las bondades de las monedas complementarias, así como su capacidad de influencia en la sostenibilidad de la vida en el planeta Tierra, tanto a nivel social como económico y ambiental.
La institución descentrada. Análisis del rol socializador de las mezquitas en Cataluña
Authors: Moreras Jordi
Published: February 2018

Existe una percepción muy extendida de que las mezquitas juegan un papel central para las comunidades musulmanas en Europa. A pesar de que han jugado un innegable protagonismo en el proceso de recuperación de la práctica religiosa de estos colectivos, su centralidad puede ponerse en duda mediante el análisis de las nuevas funciones que adquiere en su contacto con las sociedades europeas, entre ellas la reformulación de su rol socializador. Este artículo quiere poner en evidencia esa condición descentrada de estas instituciones religiosas, como manera de poder plantear los retos futuros que deberán abordar.
Cytogenetic effects of excessive radon exposure depending on the individual dosage of active ribosomal genes
Authors: Timofeeva Anna A. , Minina Varvara I. , Druzhinin Vladimir G. , Golovina Tatyana A. , Tolochko Tatyana A. , Larionov Alexey V.
Published: February 2018

Background. Maintaining radon safety is one of the most critical challenges in modern ecology and genetic toxicology. Radon (222Rn) and its decay daughter products (218Po, 214Po, 214Pb and 214Bi) can interact with biological tissues and induce DNA damage. Because transcribed copies rDNA are necessary for DNA damage repair, we examined whether genomic dosages of active ribosomal genes modulate the genotoxic effects of exposure to high doses of radon.
Materials and methods. Chromosome aberration assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes was performed in pupils of the boarding school of Tashtagol (Kemerovo region, Russia) with long-term resident exposure to radon (n = 345) and in childrenof the Kemerovo Region living in radiation-safe conditions (n = 233). The dose of active (transcription-capable) ribosomal gene (AcRG) in the studied groups has been analyzed using Ag-NORS staining regions of chromosomes and cytogenetic semi-quantitative evaluation method.
Results. A statistically significant increase in the level of chromosome aberrations in exposure group has been revealed compared with the children of the Kemerovo Region living in radiation-safe conditions (p = 0.00001). It was found that the level of chromosomal abnormalities in Tashtagols children was higher in medium-dose carriers of AcRG compared to owners of a low dose (4.27 0.22% vs. 3.24 0.29%, p = 0.003). Perhaps the low level of chromosomal aberrations in children with low-dose AcRG is associated with an increase in cell death from damaged DNA under genotoxic exposure to radon.
Conclusion. The obtained results testify to the significant contribution of the individual characteristics of ribosomal genes in the formation of genotoxic effects of exposure to high doses of radon.
Studying the biochemical function of the pea receptor-like kinases sym10, sym37 and k1, required for the legume-rhizobia symbiosis development
Authors: Dolgikh Elena A. , Kirienko Anna N. , Kovaleva Oksana D. , Tikhonovich Igor A.
Published: February 2018

Background. Rhizobial Nod factors (NFs), the key regulators of legume-rhizobia symbiosis, act in low concentrations and their biological activity depends on structural features, that suggests the presence of specific receptors in plants. Putative receptors, LysM-receptor-like kinases (LysM-RLKs), were found in model legumes L. japonicus and M. truncatula. However, binding capacity with NFs was only studied for L. japonicus LysM-RLKs. In pea a few candidates for NF receptors like Sym10, Sym37 and K1 were found. Analysis of mutants revealed the importance of these proteins for symbiosis development. However, the biochemical function of these receptors has not been studied.
Materials and methods. Sequences encoding extracellular domains (ECDs) of LysM-RLKs Sym10, Sym37, and K1 were cloned in the pRSETa vector. Constructs were introduced in E. coli strain C41 to produce proteins with His6 residues on either the amino or carboxyl terminus. Protein purification was carried out using metal chelate affinity chromatography. The binding capacity with ligand was evaluated using ProteonXPR36 biosensor.
Results. To study binding capacity with NFs, we have developed approaches for the synthesis of LysM-RLK Sym10, Sym37 and K1 in soluble form in heterologous system. The high level of protein synthesis was achieved at +28 C using 0,5 mM IPTG in 2-16 hours. Analysis of binding capacity of ECDs with NFs revealed the low affinity using the surface plasmon resonance.
Conclusion. The possibility of recombinant receptor synthesis in soluble state in E. coli at high level was demonstrated. Analysis of binding capacity with NFs showed the potential interaction, but with low affinity.
Rationale and Design for the Peripartum Cardiomyopathy in Nigeria (PEACE) Registry
Authors: Karaye Kamilu Musa , Mohammed Idris Y , Ogah Okechukwu S , Okeahialam Basil N
Published: February 2018

Background: Nigeria probably has the highest burden of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM) in the world. The primary objective is to describe the burden, ventricular remodelling and outcomes (rehospitalisation rate, cardio-embolic events and survival) of PPCM in Nigeria. In the sub-studies, we aim to describe the relationship between selenium deficiency, oxidative stress and PPCM, the impact of sodium selenite supplementation on cardiac function in PPCM, and the prevalence of selenium deficiency and its relationship with cardiac function in apparently healthy pregnant women.Methods: The main Registry and the first sub-study are prospective longitudinal studies, while the second sub-study is an open-label randomised trial. 36 study centres across Nigeria have been registered and 10 of them are already recruiting subjects. Patients will be recruited from June to December 2017 and followed up till December 2018. Serum selenium and glutathione peroxidase will be assayed at recruitment for consecutive PPCM patients with LV ejection fraction (LVEF) <45% at 6 months postpartum. 200 subjects with selenium deficiency will be randomised into treatment (Selenium Selenite 200µg tablets daily for 3 months) and control arms. In the second sub-study, 120 apparently healthy pregnant women will be recruited at 28-38 weeks of gestation and reviewed at 6-8 weeks postpartum, and their serum selenium and GPO levels will be measured at recruitment.Conclusion: This will be the largest systematic evaluation of PPCM in Nigeria, and it is hoped that the information will assist in developing locally applicable treatment guidelines and policies for the disease.
Management of fracture calcaneum by reconstruction locking plate
Authors: Tonde Jeevan Bhagwan , Jaju Rahul Gopikishan , Ali Syed Mushir
Published: February 2018

Background: There is a considerable amount of literature on calcaneal fractures and their treatment; however the best management approach has yet to be determined. The results of ORIF and conservative treatment have been described and compared in several studies.These studies show improved outcome after operative management.

Methods: This is a study of 30 patients with ages ranged from 18 to 65 years with displaced intraarticular fractures of the calcaneus treated by open reduction and internal fixation. 4 patients had bilateral fractures. Out of 34 fractures in 30 patients, 22 fracture calcaneum were joint depression type and 12 fractures were tongue type.

Results: In 17 cases normal Bohler angle (i. e. 200-400) was achieved. There were 3 cases of post operative delayed wound healing, 2 cases of superficial wound infection and 1 case of sural nerve complication in the form of loss of sensation on lateral aspect of foot. According to American Orthopaedic Foot And Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, 13.33% of the patients had excellent results, 63.33% had good results, 13.33% had fair result and 10% had poor results.

Conclusions: Operative fixation of displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus by reconstruction locking plate, restores the calcaneal height, allows early mobilization and weight-bearing, and maximizes the chances for good joint function.
Community-Based Tourism in the Citizens 'Territory of the Jalapão (TO): the Experience of Silver Quilombolas Communities e Mumbuca
Authors: De Souza Maria Antônia Valadares , Dos Santos Nayara Silva , Cançado Airton Cardoso
Published: February 2018

Abstract: this article aims to describe the experience lived by the quilombola communities of Prata and Mumbuca in the implementation of a community based tourism project, both communities belong to the Territory of Jalapão Citizenship in the state of Tocantins. The methodology used in the construction of the work was a talk round, carried out with the actors of the communities involved in the project and participant observation. The operationalization of the tourist routes in the molds that were elaborated was active for a short time. Soon, the community returned to receive tourists of the form that received previously, exploring only the natural beauties. The recognition by the communities themselves of the richness of their cultural identity and natural potential seems to be the most valuable in this experience.O Turismo de Base Comunitária no Território da Cidadania do Jalapão (TO): a Experiência das Comunidades Quilombolas Prata e MumbucaResumo: este artigo tem como objetivo descrever a experiência vivida pelas comunidades quilombolas do Prata e do Mumbuca na implantação de um projeto de turismo de base comunitária, ambas as comunidades pertencem ao Território da Cidadania do Jalapão no estado do Tocantins. A metodologia utilizada na construção do trabalho foi roda de conversa, realizada com os atores das comunidades envolvidas no projeto e a observação participante. A operacionalização dos roteiros turísticos nos moldes que foram elaborados ficou ativa por pouco tempo. Logo, a comunidade voltou a receber turistas da forma que recebia anteriormente, explorando apenas as belezas naturais. O reconhecimento pelas próprias comunidades da riqueza da sua identidade cultural e do potencial natural parece ser o que ficou de maior valor nessa experiência.El Turismo de Base Comunitaria en el Territorio De La Ciudadanía del Jalapão - TO: la Experiencia de las Comunidades Quilombolas Plata y MumbucaResumen: este artículo tiene como objetivo describir la experiencia vivida por las comunidades quilombolas del Plata y del Mumbuca en la implantación de un proyecto de turismo de base comunitaria, ambas comunidades pertenecen al Territorio de la Ciudadanía del Jalapán en el estado de Tocantins. La metodología utilizada en la construcción del trabajo fue rueda de conversación, realizada con los actores de las comunidades involucradas en el proyecto y la observación participante. La operacionalización de los itinerarios turísticos en los moldes que fueron elaborados quedó activa por poco tiempo. Luego, la comunidad volvió a recibir turistas de la forma que recibía anteriormente, explorando sólo las bellezas naturales. El reconocimiento por las propias comunidades de la riqueza de su identidad cultural y del potencial natural parece ser el que ha quedado de mayor valor en esa experiencia.
Preliminary assessment of the degree of genetic diversity of Ecuadorean Ilex guayusa using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers
Authors: Torres Salvador Andrés , Jaramillo Viviana , Mosquera Juan , Arahana Venacio , Torres María Lourdes
Published: February 2018

The main objective of this study was to assess the degree of genetic diversity of llex guayusa; a species of ethnobotanic and commercial relevance for indigenous communities of the Ecuadorean Amazon. To this end, 157 individuals collected from small cultivation sites across six provinces were genetically characterized using nine Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. A total of 91 polymorphic bands were detected across the complete sample-set, but estimated heterozygosity (He = 0.19) revealed a reduced level of genetic variability for the species. Partitioning of genetic diversity (AMOVA) indicated that 82% of the variation observed for I. guayusa occurred within populations, and only 18% between populations. Accordingly, pairwise-Nei genetic distance indices (0.013 â‰¤ Ds â‰¤ 0.086) implied a reduced level of genetic divergence between individuals from different provinces. The low degree of genetic diversity found for I. guayusa could be ascribed to the fact that the species is exclusively cultivated via clonal propagation; a cultural activity which has probably homogenized the species"™ genetic pool across its geographic range. Notwithstanding, PCoA analysis could resolve collected germplasm into three distinct groups displaying a subtle genetic contrast in a directional gradient, from north to south. Certainly, the inclusion of a higher number of samples from underrepresented provinces (i.e. Sucumbíos), and wild populations would help resolve knowledge gaps regarding the genetic diversity and population structure of the species and its cultivation history in the region.
First information concerning nestling diet in the Bare-necked Fruitcrow Gymnoderus foetidus
Authors: Marolw Tim
Published: February 2018

Despite being widespread throughout most of the Amazon, the Bare-necked Fruitcrow Gymnoderus foetidus is poorly known and nestling diet is undocumented. I report herein the first observations on the nestling diet in this cotinga. A pesar de tener una amplia distribución en la mayor parte de la Amazonía, el Cuervo Higuero Cuellopelado Gymnoderus foetidus es poco conocido y la dieta de los polluelos no se ha documentado. En esta nota reporto las primeras observaciones sobre la dieta de pichones de esta cotinga.
Alexander Mikhailovich Semionov
Authors: Tejedor Estupiñan Ricardo Alonso
Published: February 2018

Nació el 18 de febrero de 1922. Su padre, Mikhail Fedorovich Semenov, nació en San Petersburgo, y su madre, Elizabeth Karpovna Semenov, en la ciudad deTorzhok, lugar donde también nació el artista. Esta ciudad está ubicada a la orilla del río Tvertsá, el cual desemboca en el Volga y permanece bajo el hielo desde noviembre hasta finales de marzo o abril.
Atık Su Arıtma Çamuru Uygulamalarının Platanus orientalis (Çınar) Türüne Etkileri
Authors: Çetinkale Demirkan Gülbin , Söğüt Zerrin , Yokaş İbrahim
Published: February 2018

Bu çalışmada Gökova-Akyaka Atık Su Arıtma Tesisinden

temin edilen arıtma çamurunun, Platanus

orientalis L. (Çınar) türünde, toprağa serilerek kullanımının bitki

gelişimi üzerine etkileri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada 2 yıl boyunca arıtma çamuru

4 ayda bir ve her uygulamada 20 kg/m2 miktarında verilmiştir. Deneme

3 tekerrürlü olacak şekilde tesadüf parselleri bölünen bölünmüş deneme desenine

göre kurulmuştur. Deneme süresince bitkilerde bitki boyu, gövde çapı ve yaprak

rengi kriterleri incelenmiştir. Denemenin birinci ve ikinci yılları sonunda da

yapraklarda bazı bitki besin elementi ve ağır metal analizleri yapılmıştır. Araştırma

sonucunda P. orientalis türünün artan

arıtma çamuruna rahat tepki verdiği, uygulanan dozların herhangi bir toksik

etkiye sebep olmadığı ve yılda 60 kg/m2 miktarında kullanımının

uygun olacağı belirlenmiştir
Extroversão do patrimônio arqueológico salvaguardado: reserva técnica do laboratório de arqueologia Peter Hilbert
Authors: Pereira Daiane
Published: February 2018

A limitação dos processos de extroversão das informações e dos bens arqueológicos é uma realidade corrente. Isso mantém as coleções maciçamente armazenadas, enquanto uma pequena parcela participa de exposições e ações educativas. Tendo como objeto de estudo a reserva técnica do Laboratório de Arqueologia Peter Hilbert, vinculada ao Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá, a presente pesquisa analisa mecanismos conceituais e práticos que podem contribuir para a potencialização da reserva técnica desse núcleo de pesquisa em espaço de extroversão das informações e do patrimônio arqueológico. Ao problematizar as possibilidades e os desafios atuais da gestão das coleções arqueológicas salvaguardadas em reservas técnicas, abordo aspectos da cadeia operatória da museologia e da cadeia produtiva da arqueologia, utilizando como arcabouço teórico a relação interdisciplinar entre a arqueologia e a museologia, relativa ao processo de musealização do patrimônio arqueológico.
EXPRESSION OF HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN-E AND NATURAL KILLER CELLS IN INTRA UTERINE FETAL DEATH
Authors: Sulistyowati Sri , Nugroho Muhammad Anggit , Respati Supriyadi Hari , Soetrisno Soetrisno
Published: February 2018

Intra Uterine Fetal Death (IUFD) is one contributor to infant mortality. Human Leukocyte Antigen-E (HLA-E) and Natural Killer Cells (NK cells) are believed to play an important role towards IUFD associated with immune maladaptation. This study aimed to determine the expression of HLA-E and NK cells on trophoblast on IUFD and normal pregnancy. The study used cross sectional approach undertaken at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, networking hospitals, and Anatomic Pathology Laboratory of Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University. The number of samples were 32 subjects consisting of 16 subjects with normal pregnancy and 16 subjects with IUFD. The expression of HLA-E and NK cells on trophoblast of subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were examined using immunohistochemistry method and t-test statistical analysis. The mean value of HLA-E expression in the trophoblast of IUFD group was 17.30±6.69, in normal pregnancy was 57.06±32.04, with p=0.00 (p<0.05). The mean value of NK cell expression in trophoblast in IUFD group was 78.62±36.43, in normal pregnancy was 19.87±6.43, with p=0.00 (p<0.05). This study concluded that the expression of HLA-E was lower and NK cells wass higher in IUFD compared to those in normal pregnancy.
PREVALENCE OF HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS GENOTYPES IN LOW AND HIGH GRADE SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS AT CERVICAL TISSUE
Authors: Prasetyo Rizki Eko , Mastutik Gondo , Mustokoweni Sjahjenny
Published: February 2018

HPV infection is known to cause cervical cancer. This study aimed to identify the variant of HPV genotypes of cervical precancerous lesions from low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion  (LSIL) and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). This was an explorative study using formalin fix paraffin embedded (FFPE) from cervical precancerous lesions at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. DNA was extracted from FFPE and hybridized for HPV genotyping using Ampliquality HPV Type Express kit (AB ANALITICA) by reverse line blot techniques. The results showed that there were variants of HPV genotype in LSIL. The variants were HPV16 (8/15), HPV18 (3/15), HPV52 (1/15), HPV6+31 (1/15), HPV6+18 (1/15), and HPV72+68 (1/15), and in HSIL which were HPV16 (4/10), HPV18 (2/10), HPV59 (1/10), HPV6+45 (1/10), HPV61+26 (1/10), and HPV16+31 (1/10). The characteristics of infection in LSIL were single infection of high-risk (hr) HPV and multiple infection of  low-risk (lr)+hr HPV, and in HSIL were single infection of HPVhr, multiple infection of HPVhr+hr and HPVlr+hr. In conclusion, HPV prevalence in cervical precancerous lesions is single infection by HPV16 (48%), HPV18 (20%), HPV52 (4%), HPV59 (4%), and multiple infection by HPV6+31, HPV6+18, HPV6+45, HPV16+31, HPV61+26, HPV72+68 is 4%.
COMPARISON OF CHEMOTHERAPY RESPONSE AND ADVERSE EFFECTS OF DOUBLE-PLATINUM PLUS EGFR-TKI VERSUS DOUBLE-PLATINUM ALONE ON NSLCLC PATIENTS WITH DISEASE PROGRESSION AND EGFR-TKI TREATMENT
Authors: Wulandari Laksmi , Wiriansya Edward Pandu
Published: February 2018

EGFR-TKI is the first-line therapy for EGFR-mutant patients. Nevertheless, patients will have disease progression (median PFS 10 – 12 months) due to resistance. The treatment options are still limited in developing countries for such cases, thus double-platinum chemotherapy is the next option. Although IMPRESS study reported no difference in terms of PFS and OS between double-platinum alone and double-platinum plus EGFR-TKI, several local studies reported benefit of continuing EGFR-TKI in combination with double-platinum chemotherapy (treatment beyond progression). This study aimed to compare chemotherapy effects of double-platinum plus EGFR-TKI versus double-platinum alone on patients with NSCLC progression after EGFR-TKI treatment. This was an analytical descriptive study using prospective cohort design, involving 30 patients with disease progression following EGFR-TKI treatment that met inclusion criteria in Dr. Soetomo Hospital. Subjects were divided into two groups: arm A (double-platinum plus EGFR-TKI) and arm B (double-platinum alone). Subjects were observed until 4 cycles of double-platinum chemotherapy. Subjective response (body weight and EQ5D questionnaire) was analyzed, chest CT scans were evaluated using RECIST criteria, and adverse effects were monitored. This study was conducted in accordance with GCP principles and has received ethics certificate from Dr. Soetomo Hospital ethics committee (No. 08/Panke.KKE/I/2017). The results showed that subject characteristics between two arms were insignificantly different (p=0.05). The most common EGFR mutation was exon 21 (50% on arm A and 60% on arm B). Chi square was tested on subjective response parameter (EQ5D (p=0.483)). T2 free sample was tested on semi-subjective parameter (body weight (p=1.00)). Comparison test on both groups after cycle 2 and 4 showed p value=0.05. Statistical test on adverse effect between both groups showed p value=0.526. As a conclusion, there was no significant difference between double-platinum and double-platinum plus EGFR-TKI on patients who had disease progression following EGFR-TKI treatment.
Team Approach: Preventing Surgical Site Infections in Pediatric Scoliosis Surgery
Authors: Mackenzie W.G. Stuart , McLeod Lisa , Wang Kevin , Crotty Jennifer , Hope Jennifer E. , Imahiyerobo Thomas A. , Ko Riva R. , Anderson Richard C.E. , Saiman Lisa , Vitale Michael G.
Published: February 2018

* While some segments of the population of patients undergoing pediatric spine surgery are at considerable risk for infection, standardized processes and the involvement of a dedicated team can serve to minimize this risk.

* A well-functioning perioperative team is a necessary prerequisite for the promotion of a culture focused on patient safety and the quality of care.

* The use of Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program principles is a powerful and well-tried way to foster team development, facilitate best-in-practice processes, and improve culture.

* Organizations that wish to excel in the care of patients with complex pediatric spine deformity should invest heavily in the development of multidisciplinary dedicated teams, an investment that not only is an ethical prerequisite for the care of this fragile population but also is an effort that will deliver considerable returns following implementation.

* The goal of the present review is to demonstrate how the use of a multidisciplinary team approach can be used to optimize and innovate regarding the prevention of surgical site infections in patients with pediatric scoliosis.
MODEL SIMULASI PERKEMBANGAN, PERTUMBUHAN DAN NERACA AIR TANAMAN KENTANG PADA DATARAN TINGGI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Salwati NFN
Published: February 2018

This research aims to construct a simulation model of development, growth and waterbalance of potato crop. Reasearch

also predicts climate change impact on potato productivity in several potato production center in Indonesia. The crop

model being constructed explains process mechanism of development and growth during crop life cycle as a response

to fluctuation of climatic. Three field experiments were conducted at three locations at Pacet and Galudra in West Java

Province, and at Kerinci in Jambi Province, to support the model development; for model calibration (Pacet) and model

validation (Galudra and Kerinci). Paired t-test between model predictions of Granola variety with observations showed

that there were not significant differences (P> 0,05) on all variables tested, except leaf biomass. In Atlantic variety, there

were not significant differences (P> 0,05) on root, tuber biomass and soil water content. Based on graphical test showed

coefficient of determination were (R

2

) greater than 0,80 for all variables.Generally, results on validation suggested that

model predictions were not significantly different with field measurements at Galudra (Granola variety) and Kerinci

(Atlantis and Granola variety) for variable of plant ages, biomass of root, stem, leaf and tuber, leaf area index, and soil

water content. 
KERAGAMAN MORFOLOGI DAN GENETIK LENGKENG DI JAWA TENGAH DAN JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Mariana Baiq Dina , Sugiyatno A.
Published: February 2018

 
Tujuan penelitian keragaman lengkeng di Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur untuk memperoleh informasi keragaman morfologi dan genetik lengkeng yang berkembang di daerah Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur beserta keunggulannya masing-masing. Keragaman diamati dari 35 aksesi hasil eksplorasi di dua daerah tersebut. Hasil analisa DNA menggunakan penanda RAPD menunjukkan ke 32 aksesi tersebut memiliki tingkat kesamaan antara 36-96% yang terbagi kedalam empat kelompok besar pada tingkat kemiripan 40%. Kelompok pertama dengan tingkat kemiripan berkisar antara 42%-73% terdiri atas 16 aksesi, kelompok kedua dengan tingkat kemiripan 52% terdiri atas dua aksesi, kelompok ketiga dengan tingkat kemiripan antara 64%-96% terdiri atas 9 aksesi dan kelompok ketiga dengan tingkat kemiripan 73%-91% yang terdiri atas 5 aksesi. Aksesi yang memiliki kekerabatan terdekat adalah Tawangmangu 1 dan Tawangmangu 2 dengan tingkat kemiripan 96%, sedangkan aksesi dengan tingkat kekerabatan terjauh adalah Bandungan 1 dengan Purworejo 3. Dari 35 aksesi tersebut, diperoleh empat aksesi yang memiliki kualitas buah yang unggul, yaitu Pingpong, Tanpa Nama, Lokal Batu dan Itoh.

 

 
Characteristic of Analog Rice Using Hot Extruder Twin Screw
Authors: Diniyah Nurud , Puspitasari Amelia , Nafi Ahmad , Subagio Achmad
Published: February 2018

The research aimed to determine the characterization of the physical, chemical and organoleptic of analog rice. Samples from analog rice consist two formulations e.i with 50% mocaf 50% corn flour (R) and with propotion 40% mocaf : 50% corn flour: 10% sweet potato (U), triplicated. Parameters lightness, Hue, weighs of 100 grain, weight per grain, bulk density, proximat and organoleptics were analysed. Beras analog R and U have characteristic values of L (Lightness) 33.2-37.0 and Hue (ºH) 96.0-360.9, weighs of 100 grain 3.12-3.52 grams and weight per grain 0.031-0.035 grams, bulk density 0.617-0.639 g/ml, moisture content 11.50-13.73%, ash content 0.69-0.97%, protein 4.22-7.67%, crude fat 0.716-0.725%, carbohydrate 76.90-82.86%, starch 65.39-74.79%, amylose 4.76-4.82%, amylopectin 95.18-95.24% and in vitro digestibility 49.45-51.18%.

 

KARAKTERISTIK BERAS ANALOG MENGGUNAKAN HOT EXTRUDER TWIN SCREW

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari sifat fisik, kimia dan organoleptik dari beras analog berbahan dasar mocaf, tepung jagung dan ubi ungu. Sampel yang digunakan terdiri dari 2 formulasi beras analog menggunakan mocaf 50% : tepung jagung 50% (R) dan mocaf 40% : tepung jagung 50% : tepung ubi ungu 10% (U) yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali dengan parameter yang diuji meliputi kecerahan (L*), Hue (ºH), bobot 100 butir, berat per butir, densitas kamba, proksimat dan organoleptik. Beras analog R dan U memiliki karakteristik yaitu 33,2-37,0 (nilai kecerahan); 96,0-360,9 Hue (ºH); 3,12-3,52 gram (bobot 100 butir); 0,031-0,035 gram (berat per butir); 0,617-0,639 gram/mL (densitas kamba); 11,50-13,73% (kadar air); 0,69-0,97% (kadar abu); 4,22-7,67% (kadar protein); 0,716-0,725% (kadar lemak); 76,90-82,86% (kadar karbohidrat); 65,39-74,79% (kadar pati); 4,76-4,82% (kadar amilosa); 95,18-95,24% kadar amilopektin dan 49,45-51,18% (daya cerna).
A Regularized Production-Optimization Method for Improved Reservoir Management
Authors: Fu Jianlin , Wen Xian-Huan
Published: February 2018

Model-based production optimization has become a promising technique in recent years for improving reservoir management and asset development in the petroleum industry. A variety of methods have been developed to address production-optimization problems. However, many solutions resulting from these methods are not ready to be accepted by (operations) engineers because they are difficult to understand and implement in practice. A typical example is the erratically oscillatory, bang-bang-type solution of well-control optimization problems. For this challenge, a regularized optimization problem is formulated in this work with two purposes: to create smooth solutions and to improve the convergence speed. Furthermore, the original, high-dimensional optimization problems can be reduced to low-dimensional ones by a principal-component-analysis (PCA) -based regularization method such that some population-based methods, including genetic algorithm (GA) and particle-swarm optimization (PSO), can be used as search engines to find optimal or improved solutions that tend to have less chance of trapping in local optima. Examples show that the methodology proposed can ensure a continuous transition over time between variables (e.g., well controls) such that the generated solution is more acceptable to the (operations) engineers. Moreover, it significantly speeds up the convergence of the optimization process, allowing large-scale problems to be addressed efficiently.