bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exhibiting of geospatial attribute data using popup template Java-script application programming interface
Authors: Harish Ballu , Dwiwedi R. S.
Published: November 2020

Arc-GIS server is used in creating web, desktop, mobile applications. Arc-GIS for server provides end user applications and services for spatial data management, visualization and spatial analysis. The proposed work deals with exhibiting of geo-spatial attribute data using the facility of Java script application programme interfaces (API’s) from Arc-GIS server. Popup-layout API reference is utilized in the work and furthermore two of its properties are utilized relying upon the need of the work. All the programming interfaces have their advantages for encouraging clients work to connect with the geo-spatial information. Keen web maps make an extraordinary method of envisioning complex data. They assist with beating up apparently disconnected data, uncover concealed examples, mine enormous datasets. Information can be composed on the work area, sent to the cloud, and shared utilizing Arc-GIS server on the web.
Gestión del riesgo de desastres y resiliencia comunitaria en barrios vulnerables en Guatemala, El Salvador y Honduras
Authors: Bartels Sandra , Suárez Vásquez Ginés , Gamarra Tong Luis , Mansilla Mario Noel
Published: November 2020

La presente nota técnica brinda recomendaciones de estrategias a incluir en las intervenciones en asentamientos urbanos de origen informal para reducir sus condiciones de riesgo de desastre y fortalecer la resiliencia en los barrios de las ciudades capitales del Triángulo Norte de Centroamérica.
Application of Micro-Lessons in Surgery Teaching
Authors: Wang Tao
Published: November 2020

Micro-lessons have the characteristics of various forms, clear objectives, and good performance, and have been widely used as a new teaching resource in recent years. Surgical science is a bridge course from theory to clinical practice for medical students, which plays an important role in improving medical students’ aseptic concept, basic surgical learning skills and general consciousness of surgery. According to the content and characteristics of surgical teaching, aiming at the foundation of surgical teaching and combining the advantages of micro-lessons, this article discusses how to use excellent learning resources to improve the teaching effect of surgical science under the digital background.
Intellectualized Control System of Biofermenter
Authors: Timofeev E.V. , Uvarov R.A. , Erk A.F.
Published: November 2020

The most promising and demanded development lines of the present-day production are its intellectualization and robotic automation. The processing of organic agricultural waste traditionally features the least application of robots. One of the most advanced technologies for solid organic waste treatment is its aerobic solid-state fermentation. The intellectualized control system of a fermenter contributes to the final product quality enhancement: the self-heating rate of the fermented material is 44% higher and the temperature dispersion at the measurement points is 87% lower. The resulting reduction in energy consumption improves the profitability of this processing technology by 10% or more. Higher efficiency may be achieved by further refinement of the intellectualized control system of a fermenter.
Use of Aluminum-Containing Technogenic Raw Materials for Obtaining High-Strength Earthquake-Resistant Bricks Based on Low-Melting Clay of the Aktobe Region
Authors: Kairakbaev A.K. , Abdrakhimov V.Z. , Abdrakhimova E.S.
Published: November 2020

The use of nanotechnogenic petrochemical raw materials-spent IM-2201 catalyst containing more than 70 % Al2O3, and as a clay binder-lowmelting clay from the Ilek Deposit in the Aktobe region allows you to get a ceramic brick that corresponds to the M150 brand. It is possible to build load-bearing walls of the lower floors of high-rise buildings (more than 10 floors) from M150 ceramic bricks. Innovative proposals for the use of waste from production and spent catalyst in the production of ceramic high-strength earthquake-resistant bricks with increased strength and frost resistance have been developed. The absolute advantage of using multi-tonnage waste and spent catalyst IM-2201 is to relieve the environmental situation.
Practical Implementation of Measures to Preserve Aquatic Biological Resources in the Pulp and Paper Industry: Results and their Application
Authors: Studenov I.I. , Tortsev A.M.
Published: November 2020

The aim of the study is to analyze the results of ecological monitoring of the aquatic biota of the river. Vychegda and their practical use on the example of water-intensive pulp and paper production. The availability of the results of our own studies of the actual values of the monthly biomasses of phytoplankton and zooplankton made it possible to assess the difference between the use of actual and literary data. According to actual data, the damage from the death of phytoplankton is 4.5 times lower, and of zooplankton – 97 times lower, compared with the results of calculations using literature data.
REMOVAL OF HARDENING COATINGS BASED ON TITANIUM NITRIDE AND ZIRCONIUM NITRIDE FROM THE SURFACE OF PARTS MADE OF TITANIUM ALLOYS
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Dobrynin D.A. , Iatsyuk I.V. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Doronin O.N. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: November 2020

Рrovides an overview of the methods of chemical and electrochemical removal of hardening coatings based on titanium nitride (TiN) and zirconium nitride (ZrN) from the surface of parts made of various materials that can be used to remove defective and waste coatings from the surface of compressor blades and other parts of gas turbine engines (GTE) from titanium alloys. The main disadvantages of the described methods are shown in relation to the removal of hardening coatings from the surface of compressor blades and other GTE parts made of titanium alloys. Taking into account the shortcomings of the available methods, FSUE «VIAM» has developed effective methods for chemical removal of hardening coatings based on titanium nitride and zirconium nitride from the surface of parts made of titanium alloys, and recommendations are given for controlling the completeness of removal of coatings.
INVESTIGATION OF IMPACT OF VACUUM HEAT TREATMENT ON THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL OF Al–SiC SYSTEM WITH HIGH CONTENT OF REINFORCING PHASE
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Nyafkin A.N. , Shavnev A.A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Serpova V.M. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Razmakhov M.G. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Pakhomkin S.I. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: November 2020

The results of investigation of thermal treatment influence on thermophysical properties of metal composite material (MCM) based on aluminium casting alloy АК9ч (АЛ4) grade of Al–Si–Mg system reinforced with silicon carbide particles with content of reinforcing particles of 69±1% (volume) are given. MCM is made by solid-phase method followed by vacuum annealing. There are also presented studies of thermophysical characteristics of the material: thermal conductivity, temperature coefficient of linear expansion in the temperature range from 20 to 400 °C and density. It is shown that thermophysical characteristics depend on structural characteristics of the material.
In the Universe of Cassandra: The Ancient Topos of Clairvoyance in the Futuristic World of Minority Report (2002)
Authors: Budzowska Małgorzata
Published: November 2020

The figure of Cassandra is well-known from numerous representations in ancient and modern literature as an archetype of a woman who has the power to see the future, but whose visions are not believed. In ancient Greek literature, Cassandra was an important character serving as a prophet of an approaching catastrophe. In her modern adaptations, this figure became a metaphor in psychoanalytical research on human moral behaviour (Melanie Klein and the Cassandra complex) developed in feminist writing. Cassandra has also been of interest to filmmakers, with perhaps the best adaptation of the subject of Cassandra’s clairvoyance being Steven Spielberg’s film Minority Report. Loosely based on Philip K. Dick’s 1956 short story The Minority Report, the plot presents a version of the Cassandra myth, in which a woman together with male twins operate as a group mind to predict future crimes. Their visions are used by the state to prevent the crimes and imprison the would-be criminals. This article offers a thorough analysis of all the ancient and modern features of the metaphor of Cassandra employed in this movie within the overarching framework of the central theme of free will vs. determinism. According to this approach, the central theme is examined with reference to ancient Aristotelian and Stoic moral philosophy, the modern feminist psychoanalysis of Melanie Klein, and the political philosophy and legal issues in the post-9/11 world.
Billy Woods’s Literary Intertexts
Authors: Kolarič Jožef
Published: November 2020

While—like all artistic forms—it allows for deviation from this standard rule, rap is heavily reliant on building blocks of sixteen bars and a refrain. In addition, rhyme plays a prominent role in structuring rap, which is why the form is also colloquially referred to as “rhyming.” In view of this, Billy Woods’s record Today, I Wrote Nothing was a considerable departure from the existing rap norm. On the record, Woods stylistically adapted a collection of works by Russian absurdist writer Daniil Kharms, which was also called Today, I Wrote Nothing. Kharms was known for writing short prose without any formal structure. Most of his stories deal with absurd situations and slapstick humour. The structure of the fragmented fiction is adapted into rap on Woods’s record. The long rap verses are replaced by short songs without any specific narrative. The record maintains the non-structure of Kharms’s writing, as well as its absurdity, but it abandons any semblance of traditional rap. The second important stylistic and structural choice made in Woods’s record was the integration of aspects of Flannery O’Connor’s writing, particularly its humour and darkness. The article will focus on how Billy Woods integrates intertextuality into his lyrics to give the songs additional layers of meaning.
Metanarratives and Storytelling in Contemporary Mainstream Popular Music: Romeo and Juliet in the Making of the Star Persona
Authors: Viñuela Eduardo
Published: November 2020

This article analyzes how mainstream artists respond to the dynamics of online fan communities, developing complex metanarratives that interrelate their songs and music videos with their “personal” activity on social media. Audiences analyze in depth and discuss each release, contributing to its viralization on the internet. However, these strategies need strong narratives that allow convincing developments and transmedia storytelling, and this is where literature becomes a significant source of inspiration. I argue that the assumption (or subversion) of popular literary characters and narratives contributes to a positioning of artists in the music scene and facilitates their “reading” by the audience. To illustrate this process, I analyze the references to Romeo and Juliet by mainstream pop artists in the last decade, paying special attention to Troye Sivan’s debut album Blue Neighborhood (2015), considered a homosexual version of Shakespeare’s drama, and to Halsey’s concept album Hopeless Fountain Kingdom (2017), understood as a queer version of the play. Both artists explained their personal reading of Shakespeare’s drama as a way of expressing their own feelings and experiences. These examples of metanarrative storytelling achieved their aim, and millions of fans engaged with both artists, discussing lyrics, photos and music videos related to Romeo and Juliet on social media.
Taking Horror as You Find It: From Found Manuscripts to Found Footage Aesthetics
Authors: Sawczuk Tomasz
Published: November 2020

An authenticator of the story and a well-tested enhancer of immersion, the trope of the found manuscript has been a persistent presence in Gothic writing since the birth of the genre. The narrative frame offered by purported textual artifacts has always aligned well with the genre’s preoccupation with questions of literary integrity, veracity, authorial originality, ontological anxiety and agency. However, for some time now the application of the found manuscript convention to Gothic fiction has been reduced to a mere token of the genre, failing to gain impact or credibility. A revival of the convention appears to have taken place with the remediation and appropriation of the principally literary trope by the language of film, more specifically, the found footage horror subgenre. The article wishes to survey the common modes and purposes of the found manuscript device (by referring mostly to works of classical Gothic literature, such as The Castle of Otranto, Dracula and Frankenstein) to further utilize Dirk Delabastita’s theories on intersemiotic translation and investigate the gains and losses coming with transfiguring the device into the visual form. Found footage horrors have remained both exceptionally popular with audiences and successful at prolonging the convention by inventing a number of strategies related to performing authenticity. The three films considered for analysis, The Blair Witch Project (1999), Paranormal Activity (2007) and REC (2007), exhibit clear literary provenance, yet they also enhance purporting credibility respectively by rendering visual rawness, appealing to voyeuristic tastes, and exploiting susceptibility to conspiratorial thinking.
Sensorial Aesthetics: Cross-Modal Stylistics in Modernist Fiction
Authors: Salmose Niklas
Published: November 2020

This article argues that modernist fiction pointedly involves all our senses as part of its reaction to the project of modernity and progress, as well as to Victorian realism; it is not just a response to a heighted sensibility towards new soundscapes, new perceptions of motion and new olfactory experiences in the aftermath of industrialization and modernization. This “rebellion” involves a shift of focus from outer, rational and objective reality to inner, irrational and subjective consciousness, which drives the emphasis on emotional and sensational experience. The article suggests that in light of recent important developments in cognitive, psychological and neurological research, as well as in affect studies and intermedial and multimodal studies, there is reason to revise modernist stylistics. This could predominantly be done within the theoretical field and taxonomy of intermediality, as proposed by Lars Elleström. The latter half of the article discusses some textual modernist samples to more convincingly establish a theory of modernist sensorial aesthetics.
“Our Eyes Adjust to the Dark”: The Cosmic Sublime in Tracy K. Smith’s Life on Mars
Authors: Ambroży Paulina
Published: November 2020

The cosmic sublime, as the most spectacular manifestation of the natural sublime, offers rich stimuli for the literary imagination, as well as for various interactions between science, culture and art. In her book of poetry Life on Mars (2011), Tracy K. Smith uses tropes of cosmic perspective, scientific gaze and interplanetary travel to problematize the relationship between human finitude and the boundless unknown of the universe. Written after the death of her father, who was one of the engineers of the Hubble telescope, the volume links personal elegy and the work of mourning with philosophical questions about the relationship between the self and scientifically framed visions of the cosmos. The primary intention of my study is to examine the strategies and implications of the poet’s revisionary engagement with the aesthetics, rhetoric, popular mythology and mysticism of the spatial infinite. Smith employs the cosmic sublime not only as a spatial mode of perception but also as a metaphor of the emotional response to death. Her adaptation of the category expands the frame of reference for the purposes of an existential inquiry into the nature of humanity and transcendence. The celebration of imaginative freedom and modern science’s command of nature is further linked to constant apprehension about the human abuse of power and to anxieties triggered by the sublime mythology of transcendence, informed by a desire for dominating the other to the point of possession.
The Poetic Bliss of the Re-described Reality: Wallace Stevens: Poetry, Philosophy, and the Figurative Language
Authors: Hołda Małgorzata
Published: November 2020

The article addresses the issue of the intimate but troublesome liaison between philosophy and literature—referred to in scholarship as “the ancient quarrel between poets and philosophers.” Its aim is double-fold. First, it traces the interweaving paths of philosophical and literary discourse on the example of Wallace Stevens’s oeuvre. It demonstrates that this great American modernist advocates a clear distinction between poetry and philosophy on the one hand, but draws on and dramatizes philosophical ideas in his poems on the other. The vexing character of his poetic works exemplifies the convoluted and inescapable connections between philosophy and poetry. Second, it discusses various approaches to metaphor, highlighting Stevens’s inimitable take on it. The diverse ways of tackling metaphorical language cognize metaphor’s re-descriptive and reconfiguring character. They embrace e.g., Stevens’s concept of metaphor as metamorphosis, or as “resemblance rather than imitation.” The to date interpretations of Stevens’s poetry in the light of a whole host of philosophies yield important insights into the meaningful interconnections between poetry and philosophy. However, rather than offering another interpretation of his poems from a given philosophical angle, the versatile voices presented here interrogate what poetry consists in.
Efficacy of IAA, GA3 and Riboflavin for Morpho-biochemical and Yield Attributes of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) in Pakistan
Authors: Tufail Muhammad , Hussain Khalid , Iqbal Iqra , Nawaz Khalid , Arshad Noshia , Jafar Sana , Arif Usman
Published: November 2020

Background: Fenugreek is an important winter leafy vegetable in Pakistan with high nutritional values. Its seeds are used as spices and whole plant is used in many home remedies and medicine throughout the world. Its foliage and seed productivity is much low in the region. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) and vitamins (riboflavin) can be useful for the enhancement of plant productivity.
Methods: Treatments of indole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA3) and riboflavin (50 mmol L-1 each) were applied as foliar spray after 14 days of sowing on fenugreek variety Kasuri Methi. Experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with six replicates.
Result: Result showed that GA3 and IAA has significantly enhanced the root and shoot development, foliage growth and ions concentrations, peroxidase (POD) and catalases (CAT) activities. PGRs also increased the pod and seed yield of fenugreek. Riboflavin did not show any significant effect on fenugreek except increased the antioxidant activities at seedling stage. GA3 was more effective as compared to IAA for the enhancement biomass production, yield and biochemical attributes of fenugreek. It was determined that IAA and GA3 can be used to enhance the foliage biomass production and yield but GA3 is superior over IAA in fenugreek. These outcomes can be useful for economic benefits with high production of this leafy vegetable.
Performance, Immune Response and Blood Biochemical Traits of Broiler Chickens Fed Graded Levels of Dietary Aflatoxin and Ochratoxin Combination
Authors: Tamilmani T. , Biswas Avishek , Mandal Asitbaran
Published: November 2020

Background: Feed quality in terms of nutritional content is plays pivotal role in achieving desired production. Amongst the several factors which alter the quality of feed, inevitable fungal toxins that compromise the nutritive content quite often had taken attention posing serious health hazards on birds and humans as well. Moulds / Fungi are accomplished of reducing the nutritional value of feedstuffs as well as expanding some mycotoxins. Mycotoxin adulterated feed has adverse effects on poultry health and productivity. The present study aimed to study the effect of dietary supplementation of graded levels of dietary aflatoxin and ochratoxin combination on performance, immune response and blood biochemical traits of broiler chickens. Methods: A 42 days biological trial was conducted to study the effect of graded levels of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin (OTA) combination in the diet for production, immune response and blood biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. Day-old broiler chicks (n=240) were divided into five (5) treatment groups (T1: control; T2: T1 + 100 ppb AFB1+ 100 ppb OTA; T3: T1 + 100 ppb AFB1+ 200 ppb OTA; T4:T1 + 250 ppb AFB1+ 100 ppb OTA; and T5: T1 + 250 ppb AFB1+ 200 ppb OTA) and each treatment was fed to 6 replicated groups of 8 birds each. Result: Body weight gain (BWG) was significantly lower in T3, T4 and T5 group and feed intake (FI) in all the toxin supplemented groups was statistically similar but numerically higher compared to control group. Significantly lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded in 0-42 d at T1 and T2 group. The cell mediated immunity (CMI) and humoral immunity (haem-agglutination- HA titre) in higher doses of aflatoxin and ochratoxin combined fed group (T5) was lower (P less than 0.05). The liver damage enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were increased (P less than 0.05) in broilers fed on diet containing aflatoxin and ochratoxin combinations. Significant (P less than 0.05) reduction in serum uric acid and cholesterol level at T3, T4 and T5 dietary treated groups. No significant (P greater than 0.05) changes observed in total protein and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentration. Thus, it may be concluded that combination of Aflatoxin B1 (100 ppb) and ochratoxin A (100 ppb) in basal diet had no adverse effect on growth performance, immune response and blood biochemical parameters in broiler chicken.
Studies on Phenology and Reproductive Biology of Khejri [Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce]
Authors: Singh Preeti , Bangarwa K. S. , Dhillon R. S.
Published: November 2020

Background: Khejri [Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce] belongs to the family Leguminosae and subfamily Mimosoideae. The rural communities encourage the growth of Khejri in their agricultural fields as it improves grain yield and storage biomass production. It is the true multipurpose species and also called as ‘Golden Tree of Desert’, ‘Kalpvriksha’ of the desert, ‘King of desert’, ‘Love Tree’, and ‘Pride of the Desert’. For any tree improvement programme, knowledge of phenology and breeding system is pre-requisite, which also helps in understanding the evolutionary dynamics of a species. The range of genetic variability is controlled by reproductive system, which in turn controls the adaptive change. Pollination mechanisms affect seed set, fertility, gene flow, breeding systems, hybridization and genetic constitutions of tree populations.
Methods: In this investigation during 2014-15, ten trees of [Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce] growing at the research area of Forestry Department of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar were randomly selected and phenological observations were made on the selected trees at different phenophases. Through selfing, breeding behaviour was examined, by covering the inflorescence with muslin cloth bags before opening. Approximately, an equal number of buds were kept open in close vicinity of the covered branch. Reproductive capacity was estimated from the percentage of fruit setting in marked inflorescence.
Result: In present study of Prosopis cineraria, the average fruit set under self-pollination was nil whereas it was 2.03 per cent in open natural pollination. This study confirms previous studies that Prosopis cineraria is a cross-pollinated species.
Effect of Soil Nutrient Management on P transformation under Protected Cultivation
Authors: Hussain Khalid , Sarfraz Muniza
Published: November 2020

Background: Phosphorus, an essential element, plays a central role in cell metabolism and reproduction. It is a structural component of energy transferring molecules (ATP, ADP and AMP), nucleic acids, coenzymes, phosphor-proteins, phospholipids and sugar phosphates. In soils, the P does not occur abundantly as nitrogen or potassium. Despite its importance, only a proportion (~ 0.1-1.0 %) of it is available for use by plants and microorganisms because phosphorous has poor solubility and gets fixed in soil. Many studies had been done regarding nutrient management of soil in various parts of the world, but limited study was done in India and in North-East India, it is relatively unexplored. Thus, the main aim of this experiment was to find out how nutrient management influencing P fractions under protected cultivation.
Methods: The investigation area from which soil samples were collected i.e., Horticultural Farm, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-13, Assam. The study was carried out under protected poly house condition in the year 2017-18. The test crop was Capsicum (Capsicum annum var. Swarna). The design of the experiment was Split-Split plot technique. Random soil samples were collected from different treatments under protected cultivation at a depth of 0-15 cm. The soil samples were collected at two different stages of the crop viz., flowering and fruiting stages at 45 and 115 days after planting respectively.
Result: The present study revealed that single factor effect of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) had a significant effect on different forms of P The readily available P forms tend to increase in the fruiting stage while the iron bound phosphates registered a decrease. This implies that iron bound phosphate form predominantly controlled available P in acid soils under protected cultivation. The study indicates that iron bound P may be considered as slowly available labile P for fertilizer scheduling under protected cultivation. The present study also revealed that single factor effect of nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) had a significant effect on yield of capsicum. Among the various P fractions, Pi-water and Pi-Fe contribute more towards yield of capsicum.
Allelopathic Influence of Rauwolfia tetraphylla L. for Enhancing the Seedling Root Vigour of Gram (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Mandal Arindam , Chakraborti Prabir
Published: November 2020

Background: Advanced genotype may not expose properly due to unhealthy seedling of low-vigour seed which can be upgraded through seed invigoration. The advanced seedling performance primarily depends on steady rhizospheric configuration though roots are least known and least acceptable part in crop study schedule particularly at germination. In existing study, the rhizosphere pattern and seedling performances are evaluated through allelopathic action on seed-vigour. Different seedling parameters with categorized rhizosphere pattern specified the effective role of allelopathy.
Methods: The allelopathic action of Rauwalfia tetraphylla L. root extracts was assessed on alignment of rhizosphere pattern in gram seedling (Cicer arietinum L.). Various aqueous root extracts (200, 150, 100, 50, 25 and 12.5 mg ml-1) were prepared from young roots of Rauwalfia tetraphylla L. and the action was observed at 8th and 14th day on seedling especially on root after overnight soaking of seed.
Result: Significant variation was found in diverse seedling and root parameters. The roots extract (100 mg ml-1) stimulated total root length, surface area etc. which was also legitimated in shoot length, vigour index of the seedling. In most cases, allelopathic actions on seed enhanced the quality through modification of rhizosphere pattern with seedling performances than control. Therefore, it can be considered for seed invigoration under Gram seed/crop production programme.
Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Doses and Pre Sowing Seed Treatments on Yield and Yield Attributing Characters in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv)
Authors: Umamaheswari P. , Gayathri N. K. , Subbarao M.
Published: November 2020

Background: Foxtail millet is considered as nutri-cereal and source of food, feed and fodder. Though it is grown in marginal conditions it can give the best production with the proper nutrient management for its cultivation. The objective of study was to identify the suitable seed quality enhancement method to increase grain yield of foxtail millet.
Methods: During kharif 2017 and 2018 on black cotton soils at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal, the experiment was conducted in field and laboratory with split plot design with four nitrogen doses as main plots such as N1- control, N2- 125 kg neem+1250 kg vermi compost /ha, N3- 50 kg urea+50 kg super phosphate and 50 kg murate of potash /ha + top dressing urea at 3-4 weeks after transplanting + 2% borax spray, N4- N2 + N3 and four pre sowing seed treatments as sub plots. The treatments were P1- control, P2- soaking in water for 8 hours by adopting seed to solution of 1:1 ratio,P3-seed soaking with 2% KH2PO4 for 8 hours by adopting seed to solution of 1:1 ratio, P4-seed treatment with 20% liquid Pseudomonas fluorescens. After pre sowing seed treatment, seed were sown in field with different nitrogen doses.
Result: Results revealed that application of 50 kg urea+ 50 kg super phosphate and 50 kg murate of potash/ha + top dressing urea at 3-4 weeks after transplanting + 2% borax spray recorded significantly higher seed yield (3148 kg/ha) and in pre sowing seed treatment with 20% liquid Pseudomonas fluorescens (3019 kg/ha) than other treatments.
Heterosis Studies for Seed Cotton Yield and Fibre Quality Traits in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Udaya V. , Saritha H. S. , Patil Rajesh S.
Published: November 2020

Background: Cotton hybrids has its own advantage than varieties in yield and fibre properties. Heterosis breeding helps in identifying F1 hybrids and in creating variability. The chief intention of any hybridization programme is to combine all the desirable genes present in two or more parents into a single genetic background.
Methods: This investigation helped in identifying the extent of heterosis in crosses among eight elite selected lines and five testers in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) which was conducted at ARS Dharwad Farm during kharif 2017-18. The all 40 hybrids were derived by line × tester crossing which were analysed for productivity traits along with fibre quality in a randomised block design.
Result: The hybrids, CPD-462 × SCS-1061, FLT-36 × SCS-1061 and CPD-462 × NNDC-30 were the most potential crosses. Crosses CPD-462 × IH-11 and FLT-44 × NNDC-24 also recorded desirable fibre quality parameters. These crosses can be exploited for crop improvement programme as they registered high per se performance combined with significant heterosis for most of the yield and fibre quality traits. This study reveals good scope for commercial exploitation of heterosis as well as isolation of potential progenies from the heterotic F1 hybrids.
Mineral Content and Quality Parameters of Tomato Fruits as Affected by Different Potassium Fertilization Treatments and Cultivar Specifics
Authors: Vasileva Veselina H. , Dinev Nikolai S.
Published: November 2020

Background: Potassium is one of the essential nutrients for optimal plant growth and development, related to higher yield and improved crop quality. Split potassium fertilization achieved maximum nutrient efficiency and improved the available potassium status in the root zone. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which the split potassium application affects the mineral content and the quality parameters of various tomato cultivars.
Methods: A pot experiment was undertaken to investigate the impact of single dose and split potassium fertilization treatments on nutrient content and quality traits of tomato fruits. Seven high yielding, early and mid-early tomato cultivars and hybrids were planted on Fluvisol and subjected to separate single dose and split potassium fertilization treatments (1. N200+200Ð300Ê450; 2. N200+200Ð300Ê225+225) as K2SO4, at constant nitrogen (NH4NO3) and phosphorus (Ca(H2PO4)2.H2O) fertilization rates.
Result: Results revealed that mineral content in tomato fruits was significantly affected by cultivar, while the potassium fertilization type did not have a statistically proven effect. Positive relationships between potassium content and lycopene and sugars in tomato fruits were present. Highest mineral content was measured in fruits of “Sheena F1” and “Nikolina F1”, which also stand out with high biochemical attributes – lycopene, ascorbic acids, sugars and dry matter content. All tested biochemical parameters defining tomato fruit quality (except for acidity) were significantly affected by split potassium fertilization treatments
Effect of Land Configuration and Weed Management on Performance of Urdbean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]
Authors: Rao P. Venkata , Reddy A. Subbarami , Ramana M. V.
Published: November 2020

Background: Blackgram is an important crop among kharif pulses and is usually grown on marginal and sub-marginal lands without proper weed management under rainfed situation. Broad bed furrows had greater influence on plant growth over farmers practice. Weed management through mechanical or manual is normally tedious, labour consuming and costlier. Keeping this in view, the present study was envisaged to investigate integrated effect of land configuration and weed management regimes on productivity of urdbean.
Methods: A field experiment was carried out during kharif seasons of 2016 and 2017 at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur on effect of land configuration and weed management on performance of urdbean (Vigna mungo L.Hepper). The treatments included two land configurations i.e., flat bed and broad bed furrow method allotted as horizontal plots and four weed management practices i.e., weedy check, pendimethalin 30 EC @ 1.0 kg a.i ha-1 PE, imazethapyr 10% SL @ 55 g ha-1 at 15-20 DAS and pendimethalin 30 EC @ 1.0 kg a.i ha-1 PE fb imazethapyr 10% SL @ 55g ha-1 at 15-20 DAS allotted as vertical plots replicated four times in a strip plot design. The comparison of treatment means was made by critical difference (CD) at P less than 0.05 by using standard statistical procedures.
Result: Based on the results, it can be concluded broad bed method of land configuration proved its superiority over flat bed method by producing 12.8 per cent higher grain yield besides empowering growth and yield attributes. Among the weed management practices, the highest grain yield (1280 kg ha-1) recorded with pendimethalin 30 EC @ 1.0 kg a.i ha-1 PE fb imazethapyr 10% SL @ 55g ha-1 at 15-20 DAS along with maximum monetary returns and B:C can be recommended for urdbean.
Seed Hardening, Foliar Spraying and Their Combined Effect on Dry Matter Partitioning in Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)
Authors: Bhadane R. S. , Prajapati K. R. , Patil G. B. , Patel D. B.
Published: November 2020

Background: Mung bean is important pulse crop having low productivity. Considering the constraints, it is worthwhile to study the influence of different seed hardening and foliar spraying treatments on the production potential of mung bean.
Methods: Mung bean var. GAM-5 was imposed with seed hardening treatments and also for foliar spray using CaCl2 2% and 1%, CCC 500 mg/L, CCC 1000 mg/L, NAA 25 mg/L, NAA 50 mg/L during summer season of 2015-16 and 2016-17. These treatments were evaluated for their dry matter partitioning at field conditions.
Result: The leaf dry matter decreased in all the treatments after 60 DAS at the time of pod development upto harvest. There was a very less rate of increase in the stem and root dry matter from pod development stage till the harvest leading to an increase in pod weight. The translocation process must have been more prominent in the treatment CaCl2 2% seed hardening + 1% spraying at 30 DAS (T11) than rest of the treatments and was less in untreated control treatment indicating that photosynthesis and translocation efficiency increases by seed hardening and foliar spraying treatments with agrochemical and growth regulators for increasing the pod yield. Therefore, the treatment T11 was more efficient in dry matter production and its partitioning in leaves, stem, root and pods by allocating maximum dry matter to the pods.
Studies on Variability Parameter and Character Association of Lentil Germplasms in West Bengal Condition
Authors: Bhattacharjee P. , Kundagrami S. , Bhattacharjee A.
Published: November 2020

Background: Lentil is the major cultivated pulse crop in the state of West Bengal in terms of total area coverage under cultivation. Selection of high yielding and better quality genotype is the prime vital matter to increase productivity. Investigation and a better understanding of the variability existing in a population base of the crop are pivotal to crop improvement so that the plant breeders can exploit it.
Methods: The current study has been carried out at the experimental farm of the University of Calcutta during 2016-2017 in a plot designed with the randomized block design. It was carried out to estimate the magnitude of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of fifty-four lentil germplasms.
Result: Moderate to high heritability, GCV, PCV, GA and GA % of mean was obtained by days to1st flowering, days to 50% flowering, pods per plant and harvest index. The genotypic and phenotypic association of seed yield was significantly positive with traits like plant height, pods/plant, 100 seed weight and harvest index. Characters like days to 50% flowering, plant height, primary branches per plant, pods/plant, pod length, 100 seed weight and harvest index shows a positive direct effect on seed yield in path analysis suggesting select for such traits while exercising selection for seed yield per plant in lentil.
Screening of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Genotypes for Identification of Sources of Resistance against Leaf Spot Disease
Authors: Zanjare S. R. , Suryawanshi A. V. , Zanjare Snehal S. , Shelar V. R. , Balgude Y. S.
Published: November 2020

Background: Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is the fourth most important oil seed crop in the world. The early and late spots are a foliage disease more common and more destructive of groundnut which cause severe yield losses up to 70% and reduces the quality of the pod and fodder. Recent efforts have targeted on developing resistant source against leaf spot disease which are helpful for discarding the hazardous toxic chemical compounds used for controlling the disease. The current study aimed to identify the sources of resistance to leaf spot from the newly identified genotypes as well as from wild species and to study the way in which these were responding to the to the disease development.
Methods: Seventy three groundnut genotypes were screened against late leaf spot disease under artificial epiphytotic conditions in field at AICRP on Groundnut, MPKV, Rahuri during kharif 2015-16. The observations of disease intensity and rate of infection were recorded.
Result: Among the Seventy three groundnut genotypes, 10 genotypes showed resistant and 33 genotypes showed the moderately resistant reaction to leaf spot disease. The 25 entries showed the susceptible and 05 genotypes showed the highly susceptible reaction to the leaf spot disease. All the susceptible cultivars belong to A. hypogaea sub. sp. fastigiata var. fastigiata to as Spanish bunch. These 10 resistant genotypes of groundnut including two wild species viz., RHRG 6083, KDG 128, GPBD 4, ICGV 94118, ICGV 4983, ICG 12672, ICGV 13160 (A. batizocoi), ICGV 13165 (A. cardenasi), ICG 11426 and ICGV8193 were selected for intensive artificial screening under glasshouse conditions and also confirmed resistance. The resistant lines will be useful to develop introgression lines using marker-assisted backcrossing approach to improve foliar fungal disease resistance in popular groundnut varieties.
Assessing the Pattern of Seed Development and Maturation in Yard Long Bean [Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdcourt]
Authors: Sakthivel S. , Renugadevi J. , Raja K. , Swarnapriya R.
Published: November 2020

Background: Seed maturation is genetically controlled process involves a sequence of morphological and physiological changes extending from fertilization to total independence from the mother plant. Yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L) verdcourt) is an important leguminous vegetable crop which meets greater demand of the vegetable especially in South India and some parts of North India. However, information on optimum harvest time of yard long bean seeds are still limited. Hence, this study was carried out to determine the physiological maturity of yard long bean to obtain good quality of seeds for better planting value.
Methods: The laboratory experiment was carried out at Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India to determine the appropriate time of harvesting yard long bean cv. Arka Mangala seeds. The crop was raised as bulk in the field during kharif season of 2019 and the pods were harvested at three days interval from 3 days after anthesis (DAA) to 30 DAA and subjected for determinations of pod and seed characteristics.
Result: The results revealed that pod length, pod fresh weight and pod dry weight increased rapidly during 3 DAA to 12 DAA and showed maximum pod length (67.7 cm), pod fresh weight (28.56 g/pod) at 12 DAA. The seeds attained physiological maturity at about 24 DAA with 22 per cent moisture content concurred with maximum dry weight (18.80 g/100 seeds), protein content (18.6%) and maximum physiological parameters viz., speed of germination (7.1), germination per cent (94%), root length (23.5 cm), shoot length (20.5 cm), dry matter production (0.949 g/10 seedlings), vigour index I (4136) and vigour index II (89).
Assessment of Seed Protein Quality of A Transgenic Chickpea Event Expressing Cry2Aa Protein
Authors: Sarmah Bidyut Kumar , Gupta Rubi , Acharjee Sumita
Published: November 2020

Background: Evaluation of the nutritional composition of genetically modified (GM) crops is mandatory for their deregulation. Chickpea is known for its high-quality protein and demonstrating that the seed protein quality of transgenic chickpea remains unaltered is important for its acceptance. Amino acid content, seed storage protein profile and the digestibility of chickpea protein are important determinants of seed protein quality. Thus, in the present study, we assessed the effect of Bt (Cry2Aa) gene expression on the Bt chickpea seed protein quality.
Methods: We assessed the amino acid profile, in vitro protein digestibility and factors affecting protein digestibility like trypsin inhibitor, tannins and phytic acid contents of the transgenic Bt chickpea expressing a codon modified Cry2Aa gene and its non-transgenic counterpart. Furthermore, the seed storage proteins were also fractionated and separated on SDS-PAGE followed by mass spectroscopy of the major peptides.
Result: Amino acid profile and factors affecting protein digestibility revealed no significant variations between transgenic and non-transgenic chickpeas. Seed storage protein profile confirmed the presence of legumin, vicilin and albumin. No potential change in the digestibility pattern of seed proteins was revealed. Our findings suggest no potential unintended changes in chickpea seed protein quality due to the expression of Cry2Aa gene.
Efficacy of Post Emergence Herbicides in Groundnut
Authors: Kakade S. U. , Deshmukh J. P. , Solanke M. S. , Thakare S. S. , More W. V.
Published: November 2020

Background: Groundnut encounters severe infestation of weed especially during the early stages of growth due to less crop canopy which allows higher weeds growth and thus crop becomes more susceptible to weed competition. During rainy season, effective and economical weed control is not possible through manual and mechanical weeding due to unfavorable soil conditions and also the unavailability of costly labours. Herbicides have been accepted as cost effective tool to manage weed menace in groundnut. The current study aims to study the efficancy of different post-emergence and pre-mix combination of post-emergence herbicides on weeds, growth and yield of groundnut.
Methods: The field experiment was conducted at AICRP Weed Management field, Department of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola (M.S.) during three consecutive Kharif seasons of 2015- 2017. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with ten treatments replicated thrice. The treatments comprised of one pre emergence and five different post emergence herbicides and compared with weed free and weedy check.
Result: The results revealed that weed free was found most effective to control weeds in groundnut with lowest weed count, weed dry matter of weeds and maximum gross monetary returns (Rs.117641/ha), net monetary returns (Rs.80894/ha). Among the herbicides, application of Imazethapyr + Imazomox 0.10 kg /ha POE 20 DAS produced less weed count and weed dry matter and highest weed control efficiency (80.68%) and lower weed index (6.71% ) as well as maximum growth, yield attributes and pod yield in groundnut over all the other herbicidal treatments viz. plant height (30.25), dry matter accumulation (18.11g), number of pods/plant (32.35) and pod yield (2448 kg/ha) and highest pooled B:C ratio (3.74).
Vómito, sialorrea y regurgitación como signos clínicos de convulsiones epilépticas focales autonómicas en tres perros
Authors: Feijoo Silvia , Ricart María Cecilia , Marina Laura , Passeri María Carina , Suraniti Adriana Patricia
Published: November 2020

Focal seizures originate in a focal location of the brain with abnormal electric discharges due to different causes and may occur in a low percentage of animals and their signs are different from the typical tonic-clonic myoclony. This work aims to disclose some clinical cases of dogs with vomit, sialorrhea and regurgitation as clinical signs of focal seizures. In addition to these digestive signs, the dogs did not show any noteworthy alteration in the laboratory test results, neither in the complementary imaging methods included in the study. Due to the scant therapeutic response and as the dogs got worse (a serious loss of weight), having ruling out any peripheral cause of vomit and/or regurgitation, the possibility of a central cause was considered. The dogs underwent an electroencephalogram (EEG) and in all cases the EEG results showed anomalies. Due to the described clinical conditions, a phenobarbital treatment was administered and the three cases clinical cases evolved positively. Dogs with focal autonomic seizures may show various clinical symptoms depending on the damaged brain regions they come from. Therefore, it is important to consider a central cause —focal autonomic epilepsy— for the differential clinical signs such as the vomit, mostly when there is not a clearly diagnosed cause