bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Short-term vegetation responses to the first prescribed burn in an urban pine rockland preserve
Authors: Harris Brittany , Freidenreich Ariel , Betancourt Eric , Jayachandran Krishnaswarmy
Published: November 2021

Background

Preserving fire-dependent ecosystems can mitigate biodiversity loss from urbanization, but prescribing fire is challenging near human habitation. Consequently, dereliction of fire-dependent forests is widespread in urban fragments. Natural disturbance-based management, like prescribing fire, is gaining global acceptance, yet it is unclear what affects prolonged exclusion have on the initial regeneration of isolated plant communities immediately after fire is reintroduced. We took advantage of the first prescribed low-intensity burn on a university pine rockland nature preserve in South Florida, USA, to gain insight. We measured the changes in plant community composition and vegetation cover 1 week before the prescribed burn, and again 1, 2, and 14 weeks after to assess the early and short-term stages of recovery.

Results

The fire consumed substantial leaf litter, surface fuels, and canopy leaves, increasing sunlight availability to the understory and exposing bare ground. Many woody plants perished within a week post-burn, particularly invasive shrubs; however, germinating and resprouting plant growth were rapid. By 14 weeks, vegetation covered more of the ground than before the burn, although the upper canopy remained relatively open. Rarefied species richness was recovered by 14 weeks but did not exceed pre-burn levels. Invasive species richness was also maintained post-burn. Despite no overall changes in the community structure, our correspondence analysis and analysis of similarity of the plant community suggest high species turnover from the pre-burn to the final community surveyed, with an intermediate turnover in between.

Conclusion

The endangered pine rockland ecosystem, like many fire-dependent ecosystems, is threatened by habitat loss and fire suppression. Managing urban preserves with periodic burns is essential for supporting habitat for endemic species while decreasing demands for manual and time-intensive maintenance. Our study demonstrates that seedling recruitment from early plantings of native species can contribute significantly and immediately to restoration efforts in a fire-excluded urban preserve; however, many changes were ephemeral. Supplemental burns are likely necessary to further reduce vegetation density and sustain changes to the community composition.
Prediction of the existence of an intermediate phase in the antiferromagnetic J1-J2system on the face-centered cubic lattice
Authors: Jurčišinová E. , Jurčišin M. E.
Published: November 2021

The structure o f the phase diagram of the antiferromagnetic

Ising model with the presence of the nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor interactions on the face-centered cubic lattice is investigated in detail in the framework of the recursive lattice approximation. The existence of an additional well-defined intermediate phase is predicted that separates two standard antiferromagnetic phases of the model. This new phase is realized in the form of a narrow strip in the phase diagram but can be observed for a rather large interval of the frustration parameter of the model. Moreover, analyzing the sublattice magnetization properties of the model, it is shown that transitions between all model phases have the second-order nature. All predicted series of successive phase transitions of the model caused by the presence of the intermediate phase are studied.
Characterization and staging of outer plexiform layer development in human retina and retinal organoids
Authors: Prameela Bharathan Sumitha , Ferrario Angela , Stepanian Kayla , Fernandez G. Esteban , Reid Mark W. , Kim Justin S. , Hutchens Chloe , Harutyunyan Narine , Marks Carolyn , Thornton Matthew E. , Grubbs Brendan H. , Cobrinik David , Aparicio Jennifer G. , Nagiel Aaron
Published: November 2021

The development of the first synapse of the visual system between photoreceptors and bipolar cells in the outer plexiform layer (OPL) of the human retina is crucial for visual processing but poorly understood. By studying the maturation state and spatial organization of photoreceptors, depolarizing bipolar cells and horizontal cells in the human fetal retina, we establish a pseudo-temporal staging system for OPL development that we term OPL-Stages 0 to 4. This was validated through quantification of increasingly precise subcellular localization of bassoon to the OPL with each stage (P<0.0001). By applying these OPL staging criteria to human retinal organoids (HROs) derived from human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells, we observed comparable maturation from OPL-Stage 0 at day 100 in culture up to OPL-Stage 3 by day 160. Quantification of presynaptic protein localization confirmed progression from OPL-Stage 0 to 3 (P<0.0001). Overall, this study defines stages of human OPL development through mid-gestation and establishes HROs as a model system that recapitulates key aspects of human photoreceptor-bipolar cell synaptogenesis in vitro.
It takes all kinds: heterogeneity among satellite cells and fibro-adipogenic progenitors during skeletal muscle regeneration
Authors: Collins Brittany C. , Kardon Gabrielle
Published: November 2021

Vertebrate skeletal muscle is composed of multinucleate myofibers that are surrounded by muscle connective tissue. Following injury, muscle is able to robustly regenerate because of tissue-resident muscle stem cells, called satellite cells. In addition, efficient and complete regeneration depends on other cells resident in muscle – including fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs). Increasing evidence from single-cell analyses and genetic and transplantation experiments suggests that satellite cells and FAPs are heterogeneous cell populations. Here, we review our current understanding of the heterogeneity of satellite cells, their myogenic derivatives and FAPs in terms of gene expression, anatomical location, age and timing during the regenerative process – each of which have potentially important functional consequences.
Οι επιπτώσεις του ναυαγίου "Σάμινα" στη ζωή των επιζησάντων και των οικογενειών τους
Authors: Παπαχριστοδούλου Ελένη
Published: November 2021

Στόχος της παρούσας έρευνας είναι η μελέτη του προσωπικού βιώματος, εν μέσω ενός συλλογικά τραυματικού γεγονότος, και των επιδράσεων του στη ζωή των επιζησάντων αλλά και μελών της οικογένειας τους. Τα ερευνητικά ερωτήματα αφορούν τη μνήμη, τη νοηματοδότηση της εμπειρίας, τις βίο-ψυχό-κοινωνικές επιπτώσεις, τους μηχανισμούς και τρόπους διαχείρισης της κρίσης, τις δυναμικές της οικογένειας, τις προσωπικές και κοινωνικές σχέσεις του ατόμου που έχει βιώσει την εμπειρία του ναυαγίου, έμμεσα ή άμεσα. Ερευνητικό ενδιαφέρον ενέχει και η σχέση της εμπειρίας του ναυαγίου με την προσωπική και πνευματική ανάπτυξη του ατόμου. Το υπό ανάλυση υλικό αποτελείται από 20 ημί-δομημένες συνεντεύξεις ναυαγών του ‘Σαμίνα’ και 17 ημί-δομημένες συνεντεύξεις συγγενών. Ως καταλληλότερη μεθοδολογία επεξεργασίας των δεδομένων επιλέχθηκε η Ερμηνευτική Φαινομενολογική Ανάλυση, δίνοντας ‘φωνή’ στην ατομική εμπειρία και εμβαθύνοντας στη γνώση. Ενδεικτικά, υπέρ- θέματα που αναδύθηκαν και περιλαμβάνουν πολλαπλά θέματα και υπό- θέματα, είναι η ‘Διαχείριση της Εμπειρίας’, το ‘Τραύμα’, οι ‘Χρόνιες Επιπτώσεις’, η ‘Μετά- τραυματική ανάπτυξη’, το ‘Μοίρασμα’, η ‘Νοηματοδότηση της Εμπειρίας’. Πραγματοποιείται σύζευξη των ποιοτικών δεδομένων που προέκυψαν από τις συνεντεύξεις των ναυαγών και των συγγενών με την ήδη υπάρχουσα βιβλιογραφία, που αφορά ψυχό-κοινωνικό-συναισθηματικές και συμπεριφορικές εκφάνσεις, κατά τη διάρκεια και μετέπειτα των καταστροφικών γεγονότων. Η συζήτηση των αποτελεσμάτων της ανάλυσης, πραγματοποιείται με βάση τα ήδη υπάρχοντα ερευνητικά δεδομένα και θεωρητικά πλαίσια, εμπλουτιζόμενη με την επιστημονική ‘ματιά’ του υλικού σε δυαδικό επίπεδο. Τέλος παρατίθενται συγκεκριμένες και στοχευμένες προτάσεις για συμβουλευτική παρέμβαση οι οποίες προκύπτουν από βαθιά θεμελιωμένα σε τραυματικά ποιοτικά δεδομένα θέματα.
Los cantes de laboreo de Torredelcampo
Authors: Alcántara Moral Antonio
Published: November 2021

La obra rescata estos cantes tan significativos y los dignifica como se hizo antaño con algunos palos del flamenco y otras vertientes folclóricas. Unos estilos que Antonio Alcántara ha recuperado y los presenta a la sociedad, para que no se pierdan jamás y pervivan en la memoria colectiva porque un pueblo que da la espalda a su cultura popular corre el riesgo de sumergirse en la ignorancia. El autor bucea en las raíces sociales, penetra en la identidad del pueblo torrecampeño, surca la memoria colectiva para que no se seque esa gran semilla de los cantes de laboreo y se pueda seguir nutriendo la savia de este manojo de estilos venustos y vetustos que aportan muchos frutos a la cultura andaluza. Un patrimonio que se debe seguir labrando con esmero, cultivando con el mismo tesón con el que abrían los surcos esos agricultores curtidos, que regaban con su sudor las gavillas de trigo, unos héroes anónimos a los que Antonio Alcántara rinde un sentido homenaje y merecido reconocimiento con su ímproba labor de restitución histórica y cultural. El DVD incluye 11 cantes de laboreo de Francisco Escudero el Perrete, ganador del XXII Concurso Nacional de Arte Flamenco de Córdoba 2019, así como 20 grabaciones inéditas de agricultores torrecampeños como Francisco Valderrama, uno de los hermanos mayores del gran maestro Juanito Valderrama. Además, contiene un vídeo documental sobre los cantes de laboreo y las tareas agrícolas en los que se desarrollaban.
Nomadismo, heterodoxia y subalternidad del flamenco como forma de comunicación cultural. Analisis del documental Petitet (Carles Bosch, 2018)
Authors: Bouhaben Miguel Alfonso
Published: November 2021

En esta investigación abordaremos la problemática del deseo de las minorías gitanas de ser reconocidas por las élites culturales. Para ello, utilizaremos los conceptos de Gilles Deleuze y Félix Guattari para pensar el nomadismo del pueblo gitano en correlación con sus formas heterodoxas de comunicación cultural: el flamenco y la rumba catalana. Finalmente, sobre esta base teórica, analizaremos las formas de subalternidad cristalizadas en el documental Petitet (Carles Bosch, 2018)
La noción de “comunicación” en algunos manuales de teorías de la comunicación en español. Exploraciones de un concepto polisémico y equívoco.
Authors: Rizo García Marta
Published: November 2021

El texto reflexiona sobre la polisemia de la noción de comunicación, objetivada en dispositivos de divulgación académica como son los manuales de teorías de la comunicación. Lo que cobija la denominación “teorías de la comunicación” son múltiples miradas a fenómenos comunicativos de lo más disímiles. Se considera pertinente un ejercicio de metainvestigación que permita identificar de qué manera las teorías de la comunicación están concibiendo al fenómeno comunicativo. Ello tiene no sólo implicaciones teóricas sino también pedagógicas, pues incide en los modos como se enseña la comunicación.
El periodismo audiovisual digital en los medios comunitarios españoles: El Salto TV
Authors: Rosique Cedillo Gloria , Crisóstomo Flores Paz Andrea
Published: November 2021

El artículo analiza la propuesta periodística de “El Salto TV” con el objetivo de identificar si ejerce un periodismo acorde con su naturaleza de medio comunitario. Para ello, se parte de la técnica del estudio de caso y se realiza el análisis de contenido de sus noticias audiovisuales publicadas, a fin de describir las características intrínsecas de su narrativa audiovisual y el tratamiento periodístico de su información.
La acción conectiva por la visibilización de la diversidad sexual en el fenómeno comunicativo #Luimelia
Authors: Acosta Marina
Published: November 2021

El objetivo de la investigación es analizar la acción conectiva de los/las usuarios/as del hashtag #Luimelia, en Twitter, para visibilizar la diversidad sexual. La revisión teórica articula desarrollos conceptuales de la acción conectiva y las conversaciones digitales que se producen en las plataformas digitales.La investigación combina análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo.Se ha optado por un enfoque metodológico centrado en los desarrollos de lasCienciasSocialesComputacionales.
Creative Appeals in Firm-Generated Content and Product Performance
Authors: Mu Jifeng , Zhang Jonathan , Borah Abhishek , Qi Jiayin
Published: November 2021

Creative and original message appeals stimulate customers, generating arousal through novelties, meanings, associations, inspirations, human emotions and connections, and the degree to which the message appeals resonate and get the attention of the customers. Hedonic appeals imbue desirability around a product, endowing it with mystery or coolness, subtly invoking intentions, anticipation, and agency. Firms should highlight more about the hedonic rather than utilitarian features of products with high quality, highly consistent, or less complex firm-generated messages to persuade consumers to purchase. High-quality content is original and virtuosic, novel and compelling, curated and accurate, insightful and relevant, relatable and credible, authentic and immersive, and engaging and resonating with customers. Message goal consistency calls for alignment to central brand guidelines (i.e., what the brand stands for, its value proposition, and its purpose) and adherence to the brand DNA regarding look and feel, tone and manner in content creation. Writing clearly and concisely in a novel approach creates intrigue by making firm-generated content communications stick. Excellent writing and easy readability make for easy comprehension and consequently better persuasion. Firms stand to gain more by devoting resources, such as employee training for content creation and technology acquisition in getting high quality, easy-to-comprehend, and goal consistent messages to customers.
Bayesian Sequential Learning for Clinical Trials of Multiple Correlated Medical Interventions
Authors: Chick Stephen E. , Gans Noah , Yapar Özge
Published: November 2021

We propose and analyze the first model for clinical trial design that integrates each of three important trends intending to improve the effectiveness of clinical trials that inform health-technology adoption decisions: adaptive design, which dynamically adjusts the sample size and allocation of interventions to different patients; multiarm trial design, which compares multiple interventions simultaneously; and value-based design, which focuses on cost-benefit improvements of health interventions over a current standard of care. Example applications are to seamless phase II/III dose-finding trials and to trials that test multiple combinations of therapies. Our objective is to maximize the expected population health-economic benefit of health-technology adoption decisions less clinical trial costs. We show that unifying the adaptive, multiarm, and value-based approaches to trial design can reduce the cost and duration of multiarm trials with efficient adaptive look ahead policies that focus on value to patients and account for correlated rewards across arms. Features that differentiate our approach from much other work on stochastic optimization include stopping times that balance sampling costs and the expected value of information of those samples, performance guarantees offered by new asymptotic convergence proofs, and the modeling of arms’ potentially different sampling costs. Our proposed solution can be computed feasibly and can randomize patients. The class of trials for the base model assumes that health-economic data are collected and observed quickly. Related work from Bayesian optimization can enable the further inclusion of trials with intermediate duration delays between the time of treatment initiation and observation of outcomes.

This paper was accepted by Stefan Scholtes, healthcare management.
Convex Optimization for Bundle Size Pricing Problem
Authors: Li Xiaobo , Sun Hailong , Teo Chung Piaw
Published: November 2021

We study the bundle size pricing (BSP) problem in which a monopolist sells bundles of products to customers and the price of each bundle depends only on the size (number of items) of the bundle. Although this pricing mechanism is attractive in practice, finding optimal bundle prices is difficult because it involves characterizing distributions of the maximum partial sums of order statistics. In this paper, we propose to solve the BSP problem under a discrete choice model using only the first and second moments of customer valuations. Correlations between valuations of bundles are captured by the covariance matrix. We show that the BSP problem under this model is convex and can be efficiently solved using off-the-shelf solvers. Our approach is flexible in optimizing prices for any given bundle size. Numerical results show that it performs very well compared with state-of-the-art heuristics. This provides a unified and efficient approach to solve the BSP problem under various distributions and dimensions.

This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, revenue management and market analytics.
Temporal distribution of rainfall in the Far West region of Santa Catarina, Brazil
Authors: Back Alvaro José
Published: November 2021

In the definition of design rainfall, one must determine the temporal distribution of rainfall. In Brazil there are few studies on the temporal distribution of heavy rainfall. This work aimed to characterize the temporal distribution of intense rainfall for the Far West region of Santa Catarina. Data from four rainfall stations were used. The rainfall was individualized and classified into four types according to the quartile with the highest intensity. With the total of 3212 rainfall events it was observed that the most frequent rains are of type I (37.6%) followed by types II (32.3%). The time variation curves of the four rainfall stations show differences of less than 5% in relation to the regional average. No significant seasonal differences were observed, however significant differences were found with respect to rainfall duration. The values of the temporal distribution with a probability of 50% were necessary for the rains of the four quartiles, as well as for the duration ranges, allowing the designer to adopt the most appropriate values according to the characteristics of the project.
Quantitative determination of hazardous substances in aerosols by light scattering and machine learning with the example of Cr(VI) in electroplating processes
Authors: Peckhaus Andreas , Walter Arne , Kraus Marian , Gebert Florian , Duschek Frank
Published: November 2021

Regulations of safety usage of hazardous substances impose companies to monitor their emissions. A novel approach determines the mass concentration of Cr(VI) in exhaust airflow based on angular light scattering combined with machine learning algorithms.
Custom Imaging Chamber for Multimodal Volumetric Microscopy
Authors: Benavides Oscar R. , Gibbs Holly C. , Gregory Carl A. , Maitland Kristen C.
Published: November 2021

We present an imaging chamber designed to facilitate multimodal volumetric microscopy of samples. The device is used to image mesenchymal stem cell coated microcarriers with lightsheet and confocal microscopy.
Local methods to improve cryo-electron microcopy maps
Authors: Kaur S. , Gomez-Blanco J. , Khalifa A. , Adinarayanan S. , Sanchez-Garcia R. , Wrapp D. , McLellan J. S. , Bui K. H. , Vargas J.
Published: November 2021

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has become a powerful technique for protein structure determination. However, there are still important issues to be addressed, such as, robust sharpening or local B-factors estimations. To address these issues, we present here new local methods to improve the analysis and interpretability of cryo-EM maps.
Near-field imaging inside scattering layers
Authors: Alterman Marina , Bar Chen , Gkioulekas Ioannis , Levin Anat
Published: November 2021

We use speckle intensity correlations to image incoherent illuminators inside scattering samples. Our approach uses correlation properties specific t o s peckle patterns created by near-field illuminators. Compared to previous far-field approaches, our approach achieves order-of-magnitude expansion in both the range and density of illuminators it can recover.
Analysis of distortions corresponding to the printed hologram pattern in a holographic wave-front printer
Authors: Cho Heemin , Kang Hoonjong
Published: November 2021

Some optical and mechanical distortions may occur in holographic wave front printer. The effect of these distortions on the optical reconstruction plane is analyzed
An Innovative Photonic Integrated Channelizer Design for Hyperspectral Microwave Sounding
Authors: Gambini Fabrizio , Moreira Renan , Gambacorta Antonia , Klamkin J. , Stephen Mark
Published: November 2021

A photonic integrated channelizer is designed for hyperspectral and ultra-high band coverage remote sensing applications. The tunable delay lines maximize the transmission performance and the device demonstrates 4.5 GHz of optical bandwidth and channel separation. OSCIS codes: (250.5300) Photonic Integrated circuits; (280.4991) Passive remote sensing
Transmittance Multispectral Imaging System to Estimate Potable Water Quality Parameters
Authors: Wijesinghe A. D. , Wickramasinghe W. A. N. D. , Wijedasa M. A. C. S. , Ranasinghe D. Y. L. , Herath H. M. V. R. , Godaliyadda G. M. R. I. , Ekanayake M. P. B. , Jinadasa K. B. S. N.
Published: November 2021

A classification algorithm is proposed to estimate the acidity level (pH) of potable water using a transmittance-based and improved in-house multispectral imaging system.
Synthetic hyperspectral data for global water quality algorithm development
Authors: Kravitz Jeremy , Guild Liane
Published: November 2021

Radiative transfer modeling is currently being used to develop a state- of-the-art synthetic optical dataset of paired hyperspectral top and bottom of atmosphere reflectances with matching bio-geophysical parameters in order to leverage machine learning retrieval approaches.
Active Tunable Plasmon-Enhanced Photodetection in a Monolayer MoS2 Phototransistor with Ultrahigh Photoresponsivity
Authors: Lu Yu-Jung
Published: November 2021

We report a gate-tunable phototransistor with ultrahigh photoresponsivity consisting of monolayer MoS2 photoFETs integrated with two-dimensional plasmonic crystals. It demonstrate a systematic methodology for ultra- compact optoelectronic devices.
Optimizing a Three-Channel Sensor Spectral Sensitivity Using A Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Durmus Dorukalp
Published: November 2021

Previous spectral error estimation studies are focused only on daylight. Spectral sensitivity of three sensors are optimized for electric light sources using a genetic algorithm, which resulted in reduced errors between actual and estimated spectra.
Perfect RGB-IR color routers for sub-wavelength size CMOS image sensor pixels
Authors: Zhao Nathan , Catrysse Peter B. , Fan Shanhui
Published: November 2021

We demonstrate a conceptually novel approach for color functionality in image sensors by designing a color router that achieves perfect routing for sub-wavelength pixels. Instead of filtering, all incident light is routed based on color.
Smartphone measurement of Skin Capillary Refill Time
Authors: Tsunomura Mari , Nagasawa Takumi , Takahashi Ryo , de Souza Raquel Pantojo , Ogawa Keiko , Tsumura Norimichi , Cardoso George C.
Published: November 2021

We propose a simple and robust method to measure skin capillary refill time (CRT), which quantitatively assesses the quality of peripheral perfusion of a person, using an iPhone.
Ultrashort laser pulse spatiotemporal profile manipulation using a single-mode-few-mode optical fiber device
Authors: Guang Zhe , Zhang Yani , Zhu Ping
Published: November 2021

Ultrashort laser pulse propagation through few-mode optical fibers is a complex spatiotemporal event: due to mode spatial structures and intermodal delays and dispersions, pulses in such fibers experience spatial patterns and temporal elongations, which are generally considered detrimental for beam quality and pulse shape. However, with careful control of the launched modal contents and their interactions, we demonstrate that, using a single-mode-few-mode (SFe) optical fiber device, ultrashort pulses with various desirable spatiotemporal properties can be achieved. In the SFe device, pulse transformations over space, time, and frequency are related by multimode interference, and in the far field, pulse profile can be obtained by calculating diffraction integrals. We show that, using two example cases (a Bessel-like pulse and an optical bottle pulse), our approach can generate spatiotemporally structured pulses potentially suitable for applications in material science and biological imaging.
Ultrabroadband polarization filter based on gold-coated PCF with high birefringence
Authors: Tan Chenxi , Dong Zexin , He Xiaoying , Rao Lan , Xin Xiangjun , Sun Liping , Li Xinguo
Published: November 2021

Ultrabroadband polarization filter based on gold-coated photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence is proposed and analyzed by using the finite-element method. An elliptical central air hole is designed for high birefringence and shifting the wavelength of the loss peak. The gold layers are selectively coated on the inner surface of two elliptical air holes to support the surface plasmon resonance, which contributes to the filtering characteristics. By optimizing the structural parameters, a high extinction ra2tio is obtained of about 290.56 dB at a communication wavelength of 1310 nm when the length of

L
=

400

µ

m

, and its bandwidth is

∼

530

n
m

. In addition, the birefringence can reach near 0.004 at 1310 nm.
Multiple Fano resonance refractive index sensor based on a plasmonic metal-insulator-metal based Taiji resonator
Authors: Fan Huibo , Fan Hongwei , Fan Huili
Published: November 2021

We propose and numerically analyze a multiple Fano resonance device with high quality (

Q

) factor and high modulation depth based on a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide laterally coupled Taiji resonator in the near-infrared regime. A silver-air-silver groove (SASG) is embedded in the MIM waveguide. The so-called Taiji resonator is an S-shaped additional crossover branch embedded in a ring cavity to selectively couple counterpropagating cavity modes, therefore increasing the propagating modes relative to the traditional ring cavity. Up to septuple Fano peaks rise from the interference between narrow discrete modes generated from the Taiji resonator and broad continuum modes stemming from the SASG, which can be easily tuned by adjusting the different geometric parameters of the proposed structure. The maximal

Q

-factor is about 317 with a modulation depth of 24.1 dB in transmission. Thanks to a narrow resonance linewidth with strong subwavelength light confinement of multiple Fano resonances, an optical refractive index sensor with a sensitivity of 2016 nm/RIU and figure of merit of 345 is demonstrated. Furthermore, the sensor can be used for sensing biological parameters such as glucose solution concentration with maximal sensitivity of 0.245 nm · L/g. This simple proposed structure may provide a further step for the development of Fano resonance applications in nanosensing, lasing, and nonlinear optics.
Combined Quantitative Phase Microscopy and Förster Resonance Energy Transfer for Analyzing Cell Ion Dynamics
Authors: Parker Steven M. , Price Hillel , Reynolds Meghan , He Siyan , Hoffman Brenton D. , Wax Adam
Published: November 2021

We demonstrate the use of quantitative phase microscopy and Förster resonance energy transfer for analyzing molecular and structural information simultaneously. Specifically, we focus on effects of ion channel modulation on signaling pathways and sub-cellular structure.
Vector optical field with the polarization varying along an arbitrary circular trajectory on the Poincaré sphere
Authors: Lü Jia-Qi , Wang Wen-Yue , Cheng Tian-Yu , Lu Zhi-Wei , Liu Shuo
Published: November 2021

As an inherent feature of vector optical field, the spatial distribution of polarization brings additional degrees of freedom to engineer the optical field and control the interaction between light and matters. Here we focus on the variation of polarization in single vector optical field, which can be defined by the trajectory on the Poincaré sphere. Based on the amplitude-phase-polarization joint modulation method we propose, vector optical field, whose variation of polarization follows arbitrary circular trajectory on the Poincaré sphere, can be generated. Moreover, the tightly focusing behaviors of the vector optical fields with the polarization varying along parallel circles on the Poincaré sphere are compared. Relations between the circular trajectory and the central intensity of the hollow focal field are concluded.
Attosecond photoemission delay in the inhomogeneous field
Authors: Wang Feng , Xiong Zhangtao , Zhang Xiaofan , Liao Qing , Lu Peixiang
Published: November 2021

We investigate the photoemission process of the hydrogen atom in a spatial-dependent infrared (IR) field. The results show that the inhomogeneous field induces an additional contribution to the photoemission time delay, which results in the increase (decrease) of the photoemission time delay due to the enhancement (decay) of the IR field intensity in space when compared to the case in the homogeneous field. Based on the photoemission time delay in the inhomogeneous field, we demonstrate a method to extract the inhomogeneous parameter that is vital for characterizing the spatial distribution of IR field. The proposed method might pave an accessible route toward describing the plasmon-enhanced fields in the vicinity of a nanostructure.
Spin-orbit Hall effect in the tight focusing of a radially polarized vortex beam
Authors: Li Hehe , Ma Chenghao , Wang Jingge , Tang Miaomiao , Li Xinzhong
Published: November 2021

When the first-order radially polarized vortex beam propagates in an uniaxial crystal, the spin and the orbital angular momentum parts can be separated. It is called the optical spin-orbit Hall effect. In this study, we investigate the tight focusing of the radially polarized vortex beam theoretically and find the spatial separation of the spin and the orbital angular momentum parts occurs in the focal plane when the polarization order equals 1 and the vortex charge equals 1 (or -1). Moreover, when the initial phase of the polarization state takes π/2, the spatial separation of intensity in the focal plane corresponds to the spatial separation of the spin and the orbital angular momentum parts. This phenomenon can be considered as a manifestation of the optical spin-orbit Hall effect in the tight focusing of radially polarized vortex beam. Also, we show that, when the polarization order is greater than 1, the initial phase change of polarization state just leads to the rotation of the focal field and the spin and the orbital angular momentum density in the focal plane. Our results provide the potential application in the field of optical micro-manipulation.
Spatial-temporal low-rank prior for low-light volumetric fluorescence imaging
Authors: He Jijun , Cai Yeyi , Wu Jiamin , Dai Qionghai
Published: November 2021

In biological fluorescence imaging, obtaining high spatial-temporal resolution volumetric images under low light conditions is one of the critical requirements. As a widely-used snapshot volumetric imaging modality, light field microscopy has the problem of impeded imaging performance caused by reconstruction artifacts, especially under low light conditions. Fortunately, low-rank prior-based approaches have recently shown great success in image, video and volume denoising. In this paper, we propose an approach based on the spatial-temporal low-rank prior combining weighted nuclear norm minimization (WNNM) denoising and phase-space 3D deconvolution to enhance the performance of light field microscopy (LFM) under low light conditions. We evaluated the method quantitatively through various numerical simulations. Experiments on fluorescence beads and Drosophila larvae were also conducted to show the effectiveness of our approach in biological applications.
Machine Learning Based Analysis of Optical Fiber Sensing Intensity Data for Train Tracking Application
Authors: Hamadi Abdelkader , Montarsolo Emma , Kabalan Ali , Garbini Gabriel Papaiz , Hammi Tarik
Published: November 2021

This paper introduces an implementation of a system allowing to denoise the intensity data sensed by a DAS system before analyzing it through a convolutional neural network for train tracking. The results obtained showed that it is possible to track a train by focusing only on the magnitude of signals without caring out complex treatments.
Simultaneous structural and sequential information extraction for DAS sensing signals with mCNN-HMM
Authors: Yang Siqi , Wu Huijuan , Lu Hao , Wang Chaoqun , Yang Mingru , Rao Yunjiang
Published: November 2021

This article proposes a new recognition method for DAS by using a mCNN-HMM combined model, which can identify the vibration sources more correctly by extracting the structural and sequential information of the signals simultaneously.
Investigation on Hyperspectral Imaging Derived Indices for Perfusion Monitoring
Authors: Linek M , Felicio-Briegel A , Freymüller C , Rühm A , Sroka R , Volgger V
Published: November 2021

Hyperspectral imaging to monitor perfusion parameters during the Allen test was performed in 20 volunteers. Clear differences in tissue oxygenation and hemoglobin index during rest, occlusion and reperfusion were visually and computationally evident.
Two-photon peak molecular brightness spectra evince long-wavelength advantages for hyperspectral multiplexing in a tissue phantom
Authors: Lang Ryan T. , Spring Bryan Q.
Published: November 2021

We present two-photon peak molecular brightness spectra for eight fluorophores between 700 and 1300 nm. Longer wavelength excitation is shown to offer advantages for simultaneous six dye excitation and hyperspectral multiplexing in a tissue phantom.
Improved Performance of InGaAs/InAlAs Single Photon Avalanche Diode with Dual Multiplication Layers
Authors: Wu Ping-Li , Liao Yan-Min , Chen Chi-En , Teng Yu-Jie , Hung Yu-Ying , Shi Jin-Wei , Lee Yi-Shan
Published: November 2021

The performance of InGaAs/InAlAs single photon avalanche diodes (SPAD) was improved with fabrication in triple mesa. Current SPADs achieve better dark count rate of 5 × 104 ⁄2 for single photon detection efficiency of 31% at RT.
Towards an Optogalvanic Flux Sensor for Nitric Oxide Based on Rydberg Excitation
Authors: Kaspar Patrick , Munkes Fabian , Schellander Yannick , Fabian Joshua , Kasten Malte , Rubino Luana , Djekic Denis , Schalberger Patrick , Baur Holger , Löw Robert , Pfau Tilman , Anders Jens , Grant Edward , Frühauf Norbert , Kübler Harald
Published: November 2021

We report three-photon continuous-wave laser excitation of nitric oxide to high lying electronic Rydberg states and its conversion into a detectable current in the nA regime using our optogalvanic trace-gas sensor prototype.
Oral health literacy and socio-demographics as determinants of oral health status and preventive behavior measures in participants of a pre-marriage counseling program
Authors: Fazli Maryam , Yazdani Reza , Mohebbi Simin Zahra , Shamshiri Ahmad Reza
Published: November 2021

This analytical cross-sectional study aimed to assess the correlation of oral health literacy (OHL) and oral health status and behavior in participants of a pre-marriage counseling program. Also, it aimed to determine the target population’s OHL needs to design necessary interventions. A total of 828 couples with a mean age of 24.22 years participating in a pre-marriage counseling program were evaluated. Data were collected using the oral health literacy-adult questionnaire (OHL-AQ). Clinical oral examinations were performed to measure the gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), and DMFT. The mean OHL score of the couples was 7.86±3.83 out of 17; while, the mean DMFT score was 6.30±5.73. After controlling for the confounders, OHL had a significant correlation with the frequency of dental visits, and smoking status, and inverse correlation with the number of decayed teeth and missing teeth, and PI, and GI (p<0.05). The current results highlight the necessity of OHL interventions to fill the existing gaps. This is an unmet need of the couples, and such interventions are required to promote their own oral health as well as the oral health of their future children.
The impact of government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic on GDP growth: Does strategy matter?
Authors: König Michael , Winkler Adalbert
Published: November 2021

We analyze whether and to what extent strategies employed by governments to fight the COVID-19 pandemic made a difference for GDP growth developments in 2020. Based on the strength and speed with which governments imposed non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) when confronted with waves of infections we distinguish between countries pursuing an elimination strategy and countries following a suppression / mitigation strategy. For a sample of 44 countries fixed effect panel regression results show that NPI changes conducted by elimination strategy countries had a less severe effect on GDP growth than NPI changes in suppression / mitigation strategy countries: strategy matters. However, this result is sensitive to the countries identified as “elimination countries” and to the sample composition. Moreover, we find that exogenous country characteristics drive the choice of strategy. At the same time our results show that countries successfully applying the elimination strategy achieved better health outcomes than their peers without having to accept lower growth.
Effect of nano clay, nano-graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes on the mechanical and tribological properties of crosslinked epoxy nanocomposite
Authors: Adarmanabadi Sedigheh Ranjkesh , Jafari Mohammad , Farrash Seyyed Mahdi Hosseini , Heidari Mehdi
Published: November 2021

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of different nanoparticles as reinforcement in a polymeric matrix on the mechanical and tribological properties of the composite. The different particles including nanoclay (NC), nano-graphene oxide (NGO), and carbon nanotubes (CNT) with various weight percentages were incorporated into the epoxy matrix. Young’s modulus, ultimate tensile strength, strain at the fracture point, and the fracture toughness of nanocomposite samples were investigated. Besides, the tribological performance of these fabricated nanocomposites was evaluated and discussed. The results show that a significant change in the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites compared to the epoxy matrix. Also, the results reveal that the combination of NC with NGO improves the mechanical properties of graphene nanocomposites. It is found that adding NC to the NG/epoxy composite, may increase the fracture toughness up to 2 times as well as improve the ultimate tensile strength and strain at the fracture point. However, there was no significant change in Young’s modulus.
Novel QTLs for salinity tolerance revealed by genome-wide association studies of biomass, chlorophyll and tissue ion content in 176 rice landraces from Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Md Nafis Ul , Jewel G. M. Nurnabi Azad , Azim Tomalika , Seraj Zeba I.
Published: November 2021

Farmland is on the decline and worldwide food security is at risk. Rice is the staple of choice for over half the Earth’s people. To sustain current demands and ascertain a food secure future, substandard farmland affected by abiotic stresses must be utilized. For rapid crop improvement, a broader understanding of polygenic traits like stress tolerance and crop yield is indispensable. To this end, the hidden diversity of resilient and neglected wild varieties must be traced back to their genetic roots. In this study, we separately assayed 11 phenotypes in a panel of 176 diverse accessions predominantly comprised of local landraces from Bangladesh. We compiled high resolution sequence data for these accessions. We collectively studied the ties between the observed phenotypic differences and the examined additive genetic effects underlying these variations. We applied a fixed effect model to associate phenotypes with genotypes on a genomic scale. Discovered QTLs were mapped to known genes. Our explorations yielded 13 QTLs related to various traits in multiple trait classes. 10 identified QTLs were equivalent to findings from previous studies. Integrative analysis assumes potential novel functionality for a number of candidate genes. These findings will usher novel avenues for the bioengineering of high yielding crops of the future fortified with genetic defenses against abiotic stressors.
Hierarchical landform delineation for the habitats of biological communities on the Korean Peninsula
Authors: Kim Nam Shin , Cha Jin Yeol , Lim Chi Hong
Published: November 2021

Landforms determine the locations of particular biological communities based on their components and spatial positions. This study hierarchically classified the topographic spaces serving as habitats for biological communities in the Korean Peninsula and established the habitat types that occur on the classified landform types. We classified landform types by applying cell-based modeling, map algebra, and spatial query techniques to spatial data, including digital elevation model (DEM), Sentinel 2 image, land use, and field survey data to model their ecological characteristics. Landforms were classified into four categories (designated Category 1 through 4) according to their spatial scale based on topographical characteristics such as mountains, plains, alluvial landforms, coastal landforms, islands, and special areas (Baekdudaegan, DMZ), which are found throughout the Korean Peninsula. The landforms of the Korean Peninsula were classified into 47 subcategories in Category 1, 16 in Category 2, 36 in Category 3, and 63 in Category 4. There were 62 main types of habitats that were classified based on their topographic spatial units, and there were 437 types of sub-habitats, for which soil weathering, biodiversity, and geodiversity were combined with the main habitat types. When factor analysis was conducted for the environmental factors used to determine the main and sub-habitats, the first primary components were temperature-related factors, followed by biodiversity, geodiversity, aspect, and slope. When the indicator species were analyzed by habitat type, indicator species diversity was high in Jeju Province, Gangwon Province, and Gaema Plateau. Based on these results, landform elements for species habit conservation were assigned conservation values and classified into (I) absolute conservation areas, (II) transition areas, and (III) areas for coexistence with humans. Topographic spaces are being degraded as biological habitats as a result of climate change and human development; our proposed classifications can be applied to the conservation of landforms and biodiversity.
Beyond Text: Learning through Arts-Based Research
Authors: Adams Jeff , Owens Allan
Published: November 2021

Focuses on learning through arts-based research as a practice of social justice through which we can reimagine, interrupt, insist and resist as we engage collectively to better understand and rethink social, organisational and societal issues. The result of a multi-year and international research project.
The nearby: A scope of seeing
Authors: Xiang Biao
Published: November 2021

The world during the COVID-19 pandemic became more divided than united, both between states and among individuals. Opinions are polarized partly because, as I have observed in urban China, the public is simultaneously preoccupied by the very near (the self) and the very far (the imagined ‘world’), but neglect the space in between, and as a result fail to recognize how the social world is concretely constituted through interconnected differences. This article advocates a way of perceiving the world by taking ‘the nearby’ (fujin in Chinese) as a central scope. The nearby is a lived space where one encounters people with diverse backgrounds on a regular basis. The nearby brings different positions into one view, thus constituting a ‘scope’ of seeing. Such a scope enables nuanced understandings of reality and facilitates new social relations and actions. The nearby could form a line of resistance against the power of the state, capital and technology, that is turning local communities into units of administrative control and value extraction. This article calls for a ‘First Mile Movement’, in which artists, researchers and activists work together to help facilitate citizens with the construction of their nearby as a basis for reflecting upon life experiences, testing grand ideologies and engaging in public discussion.
Reshaping posthuman subjectivity: Lu Yang’s representation of virtual bodies in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gao Shiyu
Published: November 2021

With the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak, much of the world has been experiencing isolation and quarantine. Digital technology, especially the internet, has become the essential method of communication when social distancing measures constrain physical contact. The global health crisis leads to a dynamically increasing reliance on digital equipment contributing to a posthuman world. The article will take Shanghai-based multimedia artist Lu Yang (1984–) as a representative example to explore an alternative posthumanism subjectivity in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Built theoretically on Kathrine Hayles and Rosi Braidotti’s posthumanism concepts of virtual bodies, this article will examine how Lu Yang’s work articulates the interactive relationships between humans and the material world to go beyond the conservative corporeality and contribute to a renewal of posthuman subjectivity. In Lu Yang’s recent projects created during the pandemic, such as Doku × The 1975 ‘Playing on My Mind’ (2020) and the live-streamed piece Delusional World (2020), the artist experiments with different strategies to break down social-cultural constraints and transcend established dualisms of gender binaries, life and death, human and non-human. With a close investigation of Lu Yang’s multidisciplinary artistic practices, this article intends to argue how a new subjectivity emerges in contemporary Chinese art and its roles in the current COVID-19 pandemic world.
Curating pandemic contingencies: Remote collaboration and display reconfiguration in practice
Authors: Lai Mankit
Published: November 2021

Amid the restrictions on travelling and gathering imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic, exhibitions with international collaborations in Hong Kong experimented with curating across borders and time. This article examines recent curatorial practices in Hong Kong’s art institutions, particularly relating to site-specific installations and performances that had to cope with the artist’s physical absence and institutional restrictions. Two site-specific art commissions – Shirley Tse’s Negotiated Differences (2020), installed at the M+ Pavilion, and Eisa Jocson’s Zoo (2020), performed at Tai Kwun Contemporary – serve as cases in point illustrating how curatorial practices enabled remote collaboration and display reconfiguration to address authorial absence and institutional interventions during the installation and exhibition phases due to the pandemic. The former case study decentralized the authorial control of artistic criticality from the artist to a collective curation and installation process, while the latter evolved in accordance with protean institutional and social contexts by actively changing the display during the exhibition. Despite the pandemic-imposed separation and restrictions, these two case studies shed light on how curators collaborated with artists and participants across distance and time, actively and flexibly forging responsive and relevant connections between site-specific artworks and the immediate present. Their curatorial practices – as artistic mediation – complicated the conceptual framework of artworks and exhibitions through co-curation and co-production with artists, thus lending a collaborative dimension to the model of exhibition-making and the role of the curator as the ‘curator-as-artist’.