bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Demonstration of Energy Efficient Optimization in Beyond 5G Systems supported by Optical Transport Networks
Authors: Georgiadis P. , Anastasopoulos M. , Manolopoulos A.-I. , Alevizaki V.-M. , Nikaein N. , Tzanakaki A.
Published: May 2023

The paper proposes an optimization framework using artificial intelligence to optimize the energy efficiency of a B5G system operating over an SDN controlled optical transport network. The system is evaluated over an operational B5G testbed.
QoT Violation in Low-Margin Optical Networks
Authors: Safari Pooyan , Shariati Behnam , Baltzer Wanda , Fischer Johannes Karl
Published: May 2023

We approach the QoT estimation problem from a novel perspective revealing the hidden aspects of QoT violation avoidance procedure during lightpath provisioning and quantify the potential complexity when applied to low-margin networks.
241.92-Bit/s/Hz Spectral-Efficiency Transmission over 14-km 7-Core Ring Core Fiber with Low-Complexity 4 × 4 MIMO Equalization
Authors: Xu Zengquan , Liu Junyi , Liu Jie , Lin Zhenrui , Zhang Junwei , Li Zhenhua , Shen Lei , Yu Siyuan
Published: May 2023

The transmission of 84 OAM modes with spectral efficiency of 241.92 bit/s/Hz over 14 km 7-core ring core fiber whose cladding diameter is 180μm is demonstrated, using 4 × 4 MIMO equalizations.
Photonics-assisted joint radar and communication system in W band using electromagnetic polarization multiplexing
Authors: Lei Mingzheng , Cai Yuancheng , Zhang Jiao , Hua Bingchang , Zou Yucong , Luo Wei , Fang Miaomiao , Xiang Shitong , Yu Jianjun , Zhu Min
Published: May 2023

We proposed and demonstrated a photonics-assisted joint radar and communication system in W band using electromagnetic polarization multiplexing. The spatial resolution and wireless rate have reached a record of 15 mm and 92 Gbit/s, respectively.
Photonic-based W-band Flexible TFDM Integrated Sensing and Communication System for Fiber-wireless Network
Authors: Dong Boyu , Jia Junlian , Li Guoqiang , Shi Jianyang , Wang Haipeng , Tang Zhenzhou , Zhang Junwen , Pan Shilong , Chi Nan
Published: May 2023

We proposed and experimentally demonstrated a novel W-band photonic-based integration of sensing and communication system for the fiber-wireless integrated network with flexible waveforms and TFDM resource allocation capability, achieving adaptive sensing resolution and communication data-rates.
Contexts for developing of national essential diagnostics list. Lessons from a mixed-methods study of existing documents, stakeholders and decision making on tier-specific essential in-vitro diagnostics in African countries
Authors: Koster Winny , Mutegi Elishebah Maruta , Ocen Francis , Odhiambo Collins Otieno , Waweru Maina Michael , Ndione Albert Gautier , Yerra Sri Lakshmi Priyanka , Grunwald Jenny L. , Mack Delores , Kao Kekeletso , Perrone Lucy A. , Ondoa Pascale
Published: May 2023

Since 2019, the WHO recommends the development and implementation of National Essential Diagnostics List (NEDL) to facilitate availability of In-Vitro Diagnostics (IVDs) across the various tiers of the healthcare pyramid, facilities with or without a laboratory on-site. To be effective, the development of NEDL should take into consideration the challenges and opportunities associated with current modalities for organization of tier specific testing services in-country. We conducted a mixed-methods analysis set out to explore available national policies, guidelines and decision-making processes that affect accessibility of diagnostics in African countries; 307 documents from 48 African countries were reviewed and 28 in-depth (group) interviews with 43 key-informants in seven countries were conducted between June and July 2022. Of the 48 countries, Nigeria was the only one with formal NEDL. Twenty-five countries had national test menus (63% outdated, from 2015 or earlier) all specifying tests by laboratory tier (5 including the “community tier”), with additional details on equipment (20), consumables (12), and personnel requirements (11). The most popular criteria to select essential IVDs in the quantitative analysis relate to specificities of the tests, whereas in the qualitative study most mentioned were health care and laboratory contextual factors. Quality assurance and waste management for tests at “community tier” were highlighted as concerns by all the respondents. Additional barriers to implementation included the low decision-making power of Laboratory Directorates within the Ministry of Health, as well as the chronic budgetary gaps for clinical laboratory services and policy and strategic plan development outside of vertical programmes. Four countries out of seven would rather revise their test menus by updating them and add ‘‘community tier”, than developing a separate NEDL, the former being considered more operational. This study provides a unique set of practical recommendations to the process of development and effective implementation on NEDL in Africa.
Genome-wide association mapping for component traits of drought tolerance in dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Mutari Bruce , Sibiya Julia , Shayanowako Admire , Chidzanga Charity , Matova Prince M. , Gasura Edmore
Published: May 2023

Understanding the genetic basis of traits of economic importance under drought stressed and well-watered conditions is important in enhancing genetic gains in dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). This research aims to: (i) identify markers associated with agronomic and physiological traits for drought tolerance and (ii) identify drought-related putative candidate genes within the mapped genomic regions. An andean and middle-american diversity panel (AMDP) comprising of 185 genotypes was screened in the field under drought stressed and well-watered conditions for two successive seasons. Agronomic and physiological traits, viz., days to 50% flowering (DFW), plant height (PH), days to physiological maturity (DPM), grain yield (GYD), 100-seed weight (SW), leaf temperature (LT), leaf chlorophyll content (LCC) and stomatal conductance (SC) were phenotyped. Principal component and association analysis were conducted using the filtered 9370 Diversity Arrays Technology sequencing (DArTseq) markers. The mean PH, GYD, SW, DPM, LCC and SC of the panel was reduced by 12.1, 29.6, 10.3, 12.6, 28.5 and 62.0%, respectively under drought stressed conditions. Population structure analysis revealed two sub-populations, which corresponded to the andean and middle-american gene pools. Markers explained 0.08–0.10, 0.22–0.23, 0.29–0.32, 0.43–0.44, 0.65–0.66 and 0.69–0.70 of the total phenotypic variability (R2) for SC, LT, PH, GYD, SW and DFW, respectively under drought stressed conditions. For well-watered conditions, R2 varied from 0.08 (LT) to 0.70 (DPM). Overall, 68 significant (p < 10−03) marker-trait associations (MTAs) and 22 putative candidate genes were identified across drought stressed and well-watered conditions. Most of the identified genes had known biological functions related to regulating the response to drought stress. The findings provide new insights into the genetic architecture of drought stress tolerance in common bean. The findings also provide potential candidate SNPs and putative genes that can be utilized in gene discovery and marker-assisted breeding for drought tolerance after validation.
Development of a cell-free screening assay for the identification of direct PERK activators
Authors: Costa Márcia F. D. , Höglinger Günter U. , Rösler Thomas W.
Published: May 2023

The activation of the unfolded protein response, particularly via the PERK pathway, has been suggested as a promising therapeutic approach in tauopathies, a group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the abnormal phosphorylation and aggregation of tau protein. So far, a shortage of available direct PERK activators has been limiting the progresses in this field. Our study aimed at the development of a cell-free screening assay enabling the detection of novel direct PERK activators. By applying the catalytic domain of recombinant human PERK, we initially determined ideal conditions of the kinase assay reaction, including parameters such as optimal kinase concentration, temperature, and reaction time. Instead of using PERK’s natural substrate proteins, eIF2α and NRF2, we applied SMAD3 as phosphorylation-accepting protein and successfully detected cell-free PERK activation and inhibition by selected modulators (e.g., calcineurin-B, GSK2606414). The developed assay revealed to be sufficiently stable and robust to assess an activating EC50-value. Additionally, our results suggested that PERK activation may take place independent of the active site which can be blocked by a kinase inhibitor. Finally, we confirmed the applicability of the assay by measuring PERK activation by MK-28, a recently described PERK activator. Overall, our data show that a cell-free luciferase-based assay with the recombinant human PERK kinase domain and SMAD3 as substrate protein is capable of detecting PERK activation, which enables to screen large compound libraries for direct PERK activators, in a high-throughput-based approach. These activators will be useful for deepening our understanding of the PERK signaling pathway, and may also lead to the identification of new therapeutic drug candidates for neurodegenerative tauopathies.
Marijuana use is inversely associated with liver steatosis detected by transient elastography in the general United States population in NHANES 2017–2018: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Du Rui , Tang Xiao-Yan , Yang Cheng , Gao Wen-Hong , Gao Shun-Ji , Xiang Hui-Juan , Yang Li
Published: May 2023

Background

The impact of marijuana on the general population is largely unknown. The present study aimed to assess the association between marijuana use and liver steatosis and fibrosis in the general United States population utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Methods

This cross-sectional study was performed with data from the 2017–2018 cycle of NHANES. The target population comprised adults in the NHANES database with reliable vibration controlled transient elastography (VCTE) results. The median values of the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) were used to evaluate liver steatosis and fibrosis, respectively. After adjusting for relevant confounders, a logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between marijuana use and liver steatosis and fibrosis.

Results

A total of 2622 participants were included in this study. The proportions of never marijuana users, past users, and current users were 45.9%, 35.0%, and 19.1%, respectively. Compared to never marijuana users, past and current users had a lower prevalence of liver steatosis (P = 0.184 and P = 0.048, respectively). In the alcohol intake-adjusted model, current marijuana use was an independent predictor of a low prevalence of liver steatosis in people with non-heavy alcohol intake. The association between marijuana use and liver fibrosis was not significant in univariate and multivariate regression.

Conclusion

In this nationally representative sample, current marijuana use is inversely associated with steatosis. The pathophysiology is unclear and needs further study. No significant association was established between marijuana use and liver fibrosis, irrespective of past or current use.
Market segmentation in urban tourism: A study in Latin America
Authors: Carvache-Franco Mauricio , Regalado-Pezúa Otto , Sirkis Gabriela , Carvache-Franco Orly , Carvache-Franco Wilmer
Published: May 2023

This study aims to analyze the different segments of urban tourism demand. The data were collected in Mexico City, Lima, Buenos Aires, and Bogota, and a K-means clustering method was used to find the segments. The results showed three segments: the first cluster grouped tourists interested in enjoying lodging and restaurant services; the second included visitors seeking multiple attractions, who were the most willing to recommend the destinations; finally, the third was composed of passive tourists, not drawn to the attractions of these cities. This study contributes to the literature by offering evidence of urban tourism segmentation in Latin American cities, which has been scarcely researched. Furthermore, it sheds light on this topic by finding a segment not previously described in the literature ("multiple attractions"). Finally, this study offers practical implications for managers of tourism companies to plan and improve the competitiveness of destinations based on the different segments found.
How old are you? A systematic review investigating the relationship between age and mandibular third molar maturity
Authors: Klingberg Gunilla , Benchimol Daniel , Berlin Henrik , Bring Johan , Gornitzki Carl , Odeberg Jenny , Tranæus Sofia , Twetman Svante , Wernersson Emma , Östlund Pernilla , Domeij Helena
Published: May 2023

Introduction and objective

Radiographic evaluation of the maturity of mandibular third molars is a common method used for age estimation of adolescents and young adults. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the scientific base for the relationship between a fully matured mandibular third molar based on Demirjian’s method and chronological age, in order to assess whether an individual is above or below the age of 18 years.

Methods

The literature search was conducted in six databases until February 2022 for studies reporting data evaluating the tooth maturity using Demirjian´s method (specifically stage H) within populations ranging from 8 to 30 years (chronological age). Two reviewers screened the titles and abstracts identified through the search strategy independently. All studies of potential relevance according to the inclusion criteria were obtained in full text, after which they were assessed for inclusion by two independent reviewers. Any disagreement was resolved by a discussion. Two reviewers independently evaluated the risk of bias using the assessment tool QUADAS-2 and extracted the data from the studies with low or moderate risk of bias. Logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship between chronological age and proportion of subjects with a fully matured mandibular third molar (Demirjian´s tooth stage H).

Results

A total of 15 studies with low or moderate risk of bias were included in the review. The studies were conducted in 13 countries and the chronological age of the investigated participants ranged from 3 to 27 years and the number of participants ranged between 208 and 5,769. Ten of the studies presented the results as mean age per Demirjian´s tooth stage H, but only five studies showed the distribution of developmental stages according to validated age. The proportion of subjects with a mandibular tooth in Demirjian´s tooth stage H at 18 years ranged from 0% to 22% among males and 0 to 16% in females. Since the studies were too heterogenous to perform a meta-analysis or a meaningful narrative review, we decided to refrain from a GRADE assessment.

Conclusion

The identified literature does not provide scientific evidence for the relationship between Demirjian´s stage H of a mandibular third molar and chronologic age in order to assess if an individual is under or above the age of 18 years.
An object detection algorithm combining self-attention and YOLOv4 in traffic scene
Authors: Lu Kewei , Zhao Fengkui , Xu Xiaomei , Zhang Yong
Published: May 2023

Automobile intelligence is the trend for modern automobiles, of which environment perception is the key technology of intelligent automobile research. For autonomous vehicles, the detection of object information, such as vehicles and pedestrians in traffic scenes is crucial to improving driving safety. However, in the actual traffic scene, there are many special conditions such as object occlusion, small objects, and bad weather, which will affect the accuracy of object detection. In this research, the SwinT-YOLOv4 algorithm is proposed for detecting objects in traffic scenes, which is based on the YOLOv4 algorithm. Compared with a Convolutional neural network (CNN), the vision transformer is more powerful at extracting vision features of objects in the image. The CNN-based backbone in YOLOv4 is replaced by the Swin Transformer in the proposed algorithm. The feature-fusing neck and predicting head of YOLOv4 is remained. The proposed model was trained and evaluated in the COCO dataset. Experiments show that our method can significantly improve the accuracy of object detection under special conditions. Equipped with our method, the object detection precision for cars and person is improved by 1.75%, and the detection precision for car and person reach 89.04% and 94.16%, respectively.
Efficacy and safety of Dachaihu Decoction for acute pancreatitis: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xiao Xiang , Wu Xuanyu , Fu Qinwei , Ren Xuelei , Pang Xiao , Li Yuanyuan , Zhang Qinxiu , Chen Yunhui
Published: May 2023

Background

Dachaihu Decoction (DCD) is a traditional herbal formula widely used for treating acute pancreatitis (AP) in China. However, the efficacy and safety of DCD has never been validated, limiting its application. This study will assess the efficacy and safety of DCD for AP treatment.

Methods

Relevant randomized controlled trials of DCD in treating AP will be searched through Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, and Chinese Biological Medicine Literature Service System database. Only studies published between the inception of the databases and May 31, 2023 shall be considered. Searches will also be performed in the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Preprint databases and grey literature sources such as OpenGrey, British Library Inside, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global, and BIOSIS preview will also be searched for relevant resources. The primary outcomes to be assessed will include mortality rate, rate of surgical intervention, proportion of patients with severe acute pancreatitis transferred to ICU, gastrointestinal symptoms, and the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score. Secondary outcomes will include systemic complications, local complications, the normalization period of C-reactive protein, length of stay in the hospital, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 levels, and adverse events. Study selection, data extraction, and assessment of bias risk will be conducted independently by two reviewers using the Endnote X9 and Microsoft Office Excel 2016 software. The risk of bias of included studies will be assessed by the Cochrane "risk of bias” tool. Data analysis will be performed using the RevMan software (V.5.3). Subgroup and sensitivity analysis will be performed where necessary.

Results

This study will provide high-quality current evidence of DCD for treating AP.

Conclusion

This systematic review will provide evidence of whether DCD is an effective and safe therapy for treating AP.

Trial registration

PROSPERO registration number CRD42021245735. The protocol for this study was registered at PROSPERO, and is available in the S1 Appendix. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021245735.
Diminished choroidal blood flow in hypertensive and preeclamptic third trimester pregnancies using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Fayed Alaa E. , Thabet Mohamed M. , Salama Marwa Metwally , El Shazly Malak
Published: May 2023

Purpose

The aim of this study was to compare choroidal adjusted flow index (AFI) in healthy, hypertensive & preeclamptic pregnancies using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods

In this prospective study, healthy, hypertensive & preeclamptic third trimester pregnant women underwent OCTA imaging. 3x3 & 6x6 mm choriocapillaris slabs were exported and the parafoveal area was marked by two concentric ETDRS circles at 1 & 3 mm, centered on the foveal avascular zone. Parafoveal AFI was calculated as a parameter of choroidal blood flow.

Results

Fifteen eyes of fifteen women per group were recruited (45 eyes). AFI was significantly lower in the preeclamptic compared to the healthy & hypertensive groups (Tukey HSD: <0.001 in both groups on 3x3 mm, and 0.02 & 0.04 in 6x6 mm scans), and in the hypertensive compared to the healthy group (0.005 & 0.03 in 3x3 & 6x6 mm scans respectively).

Conclusions

Pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia revealed the lowest choroidal blood flow on OCTA followed by pregnancies with systemic hypertension compared to healthy pregnancies. We provide in-vivo documentation of choroidal ischemia, highlighting its culpability in hypertensive and preeclamptic retinochoroidal pathology, and the possibility of utilizing choroidal blood flow on OCTA as a precursor for disease progression.
Drawing body, movement and space in architecture and dance
Authors: Vroman Liselotte
Published: May 2023

This article discusses drawing as a tool for thinking and understanding embodied spatial experience in an educational context within architecture and dance. In both disciplines, body, movement and space are important components of the creative process. Besides, they also share drawing as a tool for thinking and understanding. However, the types of drawings and drawing techniques used in both disciplines are very different. Based on a literature review, this article offers insights into the knowledge and shortcomings produced by discipline-specific drawings regarding body, movement and space, as well as how it impacts the creative process. Starting from the identified shortcomings, experimental setups in educational environments are used to investigate to what extent the sharing of drawing techniques between both disciplines enables new ways of thinking and understanding, allowing for different attitudes and awareness of the concept of embodied spatial experience. Overall, the article contributes to the discussion of drawing as a creative thinking tool in both disciplines involved.
Inhabitation, difference, performance: Architectural linearity in three movements
Authors: Banou Sophia
Published: May 2023

This article questions the temporal and material limitations of architectural representation, as they emerge through the problematic relationship between architectural drawing, considered as a static object of fixed convention and space as an inherently kinetic domain. It reflects on the large-scale drawing Weaving Lines/Looming Narratives (WL/LN, 2013), to propose a way of bringing together the kinetic dimensions of architectural space and architectural drawing. The city is a territorial condition that, since modernity, has come to define a kinetic field of spatial and temporal complexity. The challenges that this complexity entails for architectural drawing are used here to question the fixity of drawing conventions, and expand architecture’s range of concerns to the transitory conditions of space that emerge between the stabilizing effects of order(s) and the spontaneity of events. The question of kinetic space places under new light the discrepancies between the real and the representational by underlining the mobility of both viewer and environment; spectacle and spectator. This article interrogates architectural linearity to propose ways of transversally representing the web of movements that form the contemporary city as well as the making of architectural drawing. Following the deconstructive approaches to the production of meaning of the late twentieth century, and drawing form Catherine Ingraham’s study of architectural linearity, the article frames drawing as a performative practice rather than a systematic language, and a representational field of action rather than order.
Drawing and (re)acting: The creation of Movement Spaces
Authors: Ruess Simone
Published: May 2023

This paper uses a case study of the performance drawing out of routine from 2017 to discuss the recording through drawing as a method for deeper understanding of movements, interactions and perceptions. Referring to the sociological concept of space as ‘relational’, this discussion of the drawing suggests that ‘space’ is experienced in a circular momentum of action and reaction, of perceiving and being perceived. Furthermore, it discusses the mutability of perception as understood through examples of other artists’ performative drawings.
Drawing Breath
Authors: Buckingham-Hsiao Roland
Published: May 2023

This project describes and discusses the performance piece Drawing Breath (2022), which combined ethnographic research into traditional Chinese calligraphy with experimental art practices to produce a drawn visualization of breathing. It first identifies the ways in which breathing is related to the practice and appreciation of Chinese calligraphy, then discusses other aspects of traditional Chinese writing practice relevant to issues of movement and embodiment. Notions of qi (‘breath’ or ‘energy’) and its associated meditative and physical practices are related to calligraphic mark-making, and Chinese aesthetic theories regarding ‘force’ and ‘form’ are presented in the context of Daoist ontological models of immanence, polarity and interdependent opposites. The paper concludes by reflecting on issues of cross-cultural artistic interaction and cultural appropriation, arguing that contemporary western drawing practice, especially that exploring notions of movement, embodiment and performance, benefits greatly from engaging with non-western practices and ontologies.
Sojourn maps: A report of departure and return
Authors: Gunn Matt
Published: May 2023

These maps were drawn on a sandy isthmus known as the Neck on lunawuni / Bruny Island in Tasmania, Australia. This low-lying, tenuous geomorphology is one that both connects and protects, this material and psychological presence is amplified in the context of rapid climate change. The nature of the change, as a break from largely predictable patterns of the Holocene epoch, is not just about destruction of the environment and its biodiversity, it is also about the undermining of sedentary modes of existence. My drawings withdraw from mapping as a utility. Instead, they emphasize mapping as a process of documentation in discovery. Mapping in this way is not about representing the form of place through projection. It is about creating a drawing practice in movement, one that sees the value of uncertainty in the process of learning and development. My maps reconceptualize mapping as a performative production in a condition of departure and return. They frame mapping within an experiential and subjective manner, opening up a reflective and symbolic potential for practices of drawing, architecture and design.
matriz definitiva
Authors: Tomás Marquina Daniel , Cogollos Van der Linden Jonay Nicolás
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo se centra en el desarrollo de metodologías que permiten la obtención de huellas gráficas sobre matrices metálicas a través de la hibridación de procesos técnicos y procedimientos de registro, que permitan visibilizar posibilidades gráficas que tienen las matrices en la creación de piezas de carácter utilitario y en creación de propuestas asociadas al arte público. Poniendo para ello a la obra, por encima de la autoría, y delimitando este campo conceptual para promover una revisión, crítica y análisis del contexto social que nos rodea. Así, pretendemos mostrar una nueva forma de afrontar la manera que tenemos de percibir la experiencia estética, dotando de valor a un proceso de trabajo que puede permitirnos conocer modos de hacer y experimentar que antes eran desconocidos.
TASHTYK BONE AND HORN OBJECTS FROM THE “SINGLE CRYPT ‘SARTYKOV’” SITE (ALTAISKY DISTRICT, REPUBLIC OF KHAKASIA)
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, I. Polovnikov ,   Novosibirsk State University, V. Zubkov ,   Khakassian State University, A. Poselyanin ,   Khakasians State University
Published: May 2023

The article presents the results of the analysis of bone-carving raw materials and products made of bone and horn, found on the area of the ”Single crypt ʻSartykovʼ”site. In the course of security and rescue field archaeological work by the expedition of the Khakassian State University named after N.F. Katanov, collapsing objects of archaeological heritage of federal significance in the Altai region of the Republic of Khakassia were investigated. The collection of finds from the site includes arrowheads (3 specimens), pins (3 specimens). Also, blanks made of bone and horn (3 specimens) were found. All items come from a cultural layer that dates back to the time of the existence of the Tashtyk archaeological culture. The horn arrowhead with a bifurcated head has no analogues among the Tashtyk complexes. The obtained materials make more convincing the general idea of the bone-cutting production of the transitional Tagar-Tashtyk period and its place in the culture of the ancient population that lived in the Khakass-Minusinsk basin in the area of the right river-bank Abakan. Date the upper cultural layer of the site to the beginning of the early stage of the Tashtyk culture.
SCIENTIFIС ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCHOOL OF A. I. MARTYNOV: EARLY STAGES OF FORMATION
Authors:   Kemerovo State University, L. Kitova , V. Ganenok ,   Kemerovo State University, E. Ismaiylova ,   Kemerovo State Vocational School
Published: May 2023

The study of the formation of scientific schools in Russian science is one of the topical issues. It should be noted that a scientific school may be established under certain conditions, while in other situations, even sometimes more favorable, it does not take shape. The article aims is to reveal the conditions and circumstances under which the scientific archaeological school began to form in Kemerovo. Besides, the authors intend to determine the period and criteria for its formation. Based on archival research, some unknown facts of the school formation have been revealed, a number of archival documents are introduced here for the first time. It has been found that thanks to the leadership qualities of A.I. Martynov an archaeological school was created in Kemerovo Pedagogical Institute during the period of 1956–1975. The research program of the school was based on a comprehensive study of the Tagar culture sites in the northeast of Kemerovo Region. The archaeological laboratory, established with the efforts of A.I. Martynov at Kemerovo Pedagogical Institute in 1963, became the consolidating link in which Institute students, schoolchildren, technical staff and researchers worked on a voluntary basis. Attracting young people to archaeological research in the field and in the laboratory contributed to their education and the creation of a scientific school. In the period under study, disciples of A.I. Martynov developed from undergraduate and post-graduate students to candidates of sciences and became his support in further scientific research.
A kínai vezetés kihívásai napjainkban
Authors: Kürthy Dóra
Published: May 2023

Kína történelme során számos válsággal birkózott meg azért, hogy napjaink talán legérdekesebb nagyhatalmává nője ki magát. Az ország megítélése erősen ellentmondásos, főként berendezkedése és az azt körülvevő homályos helyzet miatt. A Kínai Népköztársaság jelenleg is több kihívással néz szembe: a Hszi Csin-ping vezette országot a Covid-19 járvány és a népességcsökkenés hatásai egyaránt sújtják. A következő értekezésben az említett problémákról szeretnék nyújtani egy összefoglalót, melyhez Ian Buruma:,,China’s Autocracy in Crisis” és Yi Fuxian: ,,China is Dying Out” című cikkeit veszem alapul, melyek a Project Syndicaten jelentek meg.
Elaboração de maquetes virtuais 3D aplicadas à prevenção de riscos e desastres relacionados a fenômenos naturais
Authors: Noronha Ana Paula Silva , Silva Márcia Vieira , Vedovello Ricardo
Published: May 2023

O presente trabalho apresenta as diretrizes, o arcabouço técnico-conceitual, as etapas e os resultados de uma pesquisa voltada para a estruturação de um procedimento sistemático de elaboração de maquetes, em apoio ao aumento da percepção sobre desastres naturais. A modelagem da maquete levou em consideração estudos prévios sobre situações de riscos e desastres realizados pela equipe técnica do Instituto Geológico no município de Mauá (SP). A partir desses estudos foi possível elaborar um modelo virtual de maquete 3D, com ênfase nos processos de escorregamentos que ocorrem no município. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa foi balizado pelas recomendações nacionais e internacionais presentes em legislações e marcos de ação vinculados à Gestão de Riscos e Desastres (GRD). As etapas foram definidas e estruturadas de maneira a poderem ser reproduzidas e adaptadas para a obtenção de material didático para o ensino médio. A aplicação foi inicialmente vislumbrada para uso prioritário em unidades escolares de municípios que apresentem situações expressivas de riscos associados a fenômenos geodinâmicos perigosos, tais como escorregamentos. A maquete foi elaborada com uso do programa SketchUP, da empresa Trimble Navigation, que possui versão online gratuita, e permite tanto a representação dos fatores associados a ocorrência dos escorregamentos, como a visualização do modelo em 3D e com níveis de zoom variáveis. Este programa normalmente é utilizado para se elaborar esboços de ambientes tridimensionais e possui ferramentas de edição e de navegação simples, sendo, portanto, muito utilizado para a elaboração de maquetes 3D. O uso de maquetes virtuais se mostrou mais adequado e exequível do que as maquetes físicas, em função dos custos envolvidos e da possibilidade de navegação tridimensional pelo ambiente representado. Novas abordagens e a reprodução da pesquisa em outras áreas geográficas e para diferentes processos naturais permitirão aperfeiçoar a proposta e ampliar o alcance das maquetes para o aumento da percepção sobre desastres.
Descripción de las aplicaciones móviles relacionadas en la prevención, manejo y promoción de acoso y ciberacoso escolar en Colombia.
Authors: Rodríguez Morales Fabio , Pérez Vargas María Valentina , Olaya Galindo Maria Daniela , Ibáñez Prada Elsa Daniela , Hernández Cruz Laura Camila , Cruz Alarcón María Paula , Cruz González Andrés Felipe , Ramírez Molano Sofía , Barragán Vega María del Mar , Aragón Salleg Camila , Vargas Rincón María Alejandra , Niño Latorre Juan José , Guerrero Acosta Nicolás , Rada Izquierdo Sergio
Published: May 2023

El matoneo y el ciberacoso implican conductas de agresión o intimidación intencional y repetitiva con desequilibrio de poder, características compartidas con el ciberacoso. Colombia es uno de los países latinoamericanos con mayor incidencia de esta problemática, por lo que cuenta con aplicaciones móviles y plataformas gubernamentales gratuitas para su educación y abordaje.  Por lo anterior, este artículo pretende describir el impacto positivo de las aplicaciones móviles contra el matoneo y ciberacoso disponibles en plataformas Play Store® y App Store® en Colombia. De acuerdo con el objetivo de las aplicaciones: cinco eran para la prevención y manejo del matoneo, tres solo para prevención, y otras tres que promovían el acoso o conductas violentas. En cuanto a la modalidad implementada en las aplicaciones analizadas: cuatro eran informativas, tres asistenciales, dos de reporte de casos y cuatro eran juegos. Las dos aplicaciones más descargadas fueron juegos con promoción del matoneo. Las aplicaciones móviles educativas, asistenciales y de reporte de casos de matoneo y ciberacoso, ya han validado su eficiencia en la literatura existente. En cambio, los juegos que predominan en número de descargas promueven estas conductas y deben ser regulados por los cuidadores conforme a la ley colombiana. En conclusión, se recomienda el uso de las aplicaciones móviles educativas, asistenciales y de reporte para disminuir el acoso escolar y ciberacoso en las instituciones educativas colombianas.
Remisión completa de Neuritis Óptica Retrobulbar ocasionada por sinusitis Etmoidal en un paciente pediátrico.
Authors: De Sousa Fontes Aderito , Zamora Santil Maria Jose
Published: May 2023

Antecedentes: la neuritis óptica retrobulbar (no) en pacientes pediátricos es una entidad poco frecuente que ocasiona alteraciones visuales y ceguera y puede estar relacionada con la presencia de rinosinusitis y etmoidal y esfenoidal. Si bien es cierto que la enfermedad inflamatoria de los senos paranasales en los niños es un trastorno muy frecuente y sus complicaciones extra nasosinusales son infrecuentes, la no puede estar relacionada a la presencia de una variación anatómica de la arquitectura de los senos etmoidales y esfenoidal. Reporte de caso: presentamos a un paciente de 6 años con una rinosinusitis recurrente de evolución tórpida, que manifestó visión borrosa progresiva y deterioro visual del lado izquierdo. Los estudios imagenológicos pusieron en evidencia un mucocele etmoidal homolateral, asociados a la presencia de una celdilla esfeno-etmoidal muy neumatizada (celdilla de onodi). El paciente mostró mejoría lenta con el tratamiento indicado y pudo recuperar de manera satisfactoria su proceso nasosinusal y su función visual sin evidencia de secuelas. Conclusiones: la presencia de alteraciones visuales asociadas a manifestaciones rinosinusales en el niño, debe despertar la sospecha de esta complicación, por lo que el diagnóstico y manejo oportuno de este problema, puede mejorar las alteraciones visuales y prevenir consecuencias que pueden ser serias y permanentes.
Eventos adversos de la hipotermia terapéutica en neonatos con encefalopatía hipóxico - isquémica en una unidad de cuidado intensivo neonatal
Authors: Barrientos Gomez Juan Guillermo , Gomez Sanchez Monica Patricia , Perez Llanes Astrid , Parada Zuluaga Juan Sebastian , Zapata Henao Laura Cristina , Villamil Laura
Published: May 2023

Antecedentes: La encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica (EHI) es la expresión clínica neurológica más grave posterior a un evento centinela que haya propiciado una asfixia perinatal. El manejo de esta entidad se realiza con técnicas neuroprotección, como la hipotermia terapéutica (HT) la cual no está exenta de eventos adversos (EA). Dichos EA son preocupación permanente por los programas de seguridad del paciente neonatal.  Se busca caracterizar los neonatos con EHI y los EA que se presentan durante la HT en una unidad de cuidado intensivo neonatal (UCIN). Métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo de neonatos con EHI sometidos a HT en una UCIN entre 2011 a 2015. Resultados: se incluyeron 58 neonatos. La edad materna fue en promedio de 25 años (rango de 21 a 33) con edad gestacional promedio de 38 (rango de 37 a 39) semanas; sus comorbilidades más frecuentes fueron los trastornos hipertensivos y diabetes gestacional. Las comorbilidades materno-perinatales más frecuentes fueron el expulsivo prolongado, aspiración de meconio y complicaciones de placenta y cordón umbilical.  Durante las 72 horas de HT, los EA más frecuentes presentados fueron bradicardia, convulsiones, hemorragias, lesiones en piel y alteraciones hematológicas. Conclusión:  Se identificaron EA como hemorragias, lesiones dermatológicas, trombocitopenia, prolongación de tiempos de coagulación e hipotermia excesiva. La bradicardia se consideró como incidente. Las convulsiones clínicas posteriores al inicio de la HT no se pueden atribuir sin una mejor caracterización clínica. La frecuencia de los eventos descritos fue similar a la literatura. La HT como tratamiento neuroprotector requiere educación y capacitación del personal de atención primaria y de las UCIN en transporte neonatal; en los efectos de la hipotermia terapéutica, hipotermia excesiva, hipertermia y el manejo de estas.
Factores asociados a mortalidad en una cohorte de niños con neumonía asociada al ventilador en un hospital pediátrico latinoamericano
Authors: Naveda Romero Omar Eugenio
Published: May 2023

Antecedentes: teniendo presente que la neumonía asociada al ventilador (NAV) es la segunda infección más frecuente asociada al cuidado de la salud, resulta importante identificar los factores relacionados con su mortalidad, más aún en países con recursos limitados. Objetivo: determinar factores de riesgo para mortalidad por NAV. Métodos: estudio de cohorte simple prospectivo realizado entre enero 2017 y diciembre 2020 que incluyó niños entre 1 mes y 14 años. Se relacionaron variables demográficas, gravedad en la admisión, tipo de NAV, gérmenes causales, indicaciones de ventilación, comorbilidades e intervenciones médicas con mortalidad por NAV. El diagnóstico de NAV fue realizado con base a la definición del CDC del 2013.  Resultados: un total de 46 niños con NAV fueron incluidos en el análisis. La mortalidad fue del 34.8 %. Los factores asociados a mortalidad fueron: pSOFA (Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assesment Score) en las primeras 24 horas de admisión mayor de 7 puntos (3.3 % vs. 50 %; OR: 29,0 IC-95 % [3,1 – 267,4]; p < 0.0001), infección por Enterobacter cloacae (3.3 % vs. 37.5 %; OR: 17.1; IC-95 % [1,9 – 162,7]; p = 0.002) y TAV (traqueobronquitis asociada al ventilador) (16.7 % vs. 50 %; OR: 5.0; IC-95 % [1.3 – 19.7]; p = 0.017]. También resultaron asociados: shock, SDMO (síndrome de disfunción multiorgánica) y sepsis. Conclusiones: pSOFA, infección por Enterobacter cloacae, TAV, shock, SDMO y sepsis fueron identificados como variables asociadas a mortalidad en niños con NAV.
Use of evidence and expertise in UK climate governance
Authors: Willis Rebecca
Published: May 2023

There is a clear scientific consensus that no new coal mines can be developed, if the Paris Agreement to limit global temperature rises is to be met. Yet in December 2022, following a lengthy Public Inquiry, the UK Government approved the development of Woodhouse Colliery in Cumbria. In doing so, it accepted the claim that the coal mine would be ‘zero carbon’, and could even result in lower global emissions overall. As this paper demonstrates, there is no independent evidence to support these claims, whilst a large body of independent evidence comes to the opposite conclusion. This paper uses the example of Woodhouse Colliery to examine the use of evidence and expertise in climate governance processes. It finds that the nature of expertise and evidence is not properly considered, and that there is ambiguity and confusion surrounding the implementation of the UK’s climate legislation, particularly the Climate Change Act. It also finds that the ways in which the decision-making process solicited and assessed evidence was flawed, promoting a ‘false balance’. This ambiguity and false balance provide scope for developers to argue the case for destructive developments, even while claiming adherence to climate ambitions. The paper concludes by suggesting reforms to governance processes, to provide a more transparent and credible implementation of policies to achieve the UK’s net zero target. Suggested reforms include clearer rules governing fossil fuel phase-out; greater transparency and better handling of conflicts of interest in decision-making; and devolution of climate responsibilities to local areas.
Wakaf Literation to Appear An Interference in Mentify for Milenial: Implementation for Students in Madrasah Aliyah State 4 Bantul
Authors: Saputri Eva Nopalasari , Latifah Halim Pandu , Almunawir Al Virizky Arjunitha , Fuadi Fahmi Hasan , Nisa Ayu Himatun , Akbar Maulana Ali , Setiawan Alfan Rois , Safitri Afirsta Dyah Mega , Pratiwi Inayah Nadhira , Saripudin Ajis , Rizqi Anis Fathul
Published: May 2023

Community service is carried out by conducting endowment socialization for high school / MA students in order to foster social awareness through endowments, bearing in mind that the community's understanding of endowment is only synonymous with parents and those who have wealth.  Through waqf literacy with waqf tests strategies aimed at assessing students' understanding of waqf, fostering interest in waqf among students or the community itself, creating students and communities who are socially aware through waqf.  This method of socialization uses the method of direct teaching patterns, questions and answers, and assignments or tests.  The socialization participants consisted of 33 students from class XI IPS MAN 4 Bantul.  The total number of pre-test and post-test questions is 10 questions that are true or false.  Where each question has 10 points. From the results of the pre-test evaluation, an average value of 59.39 was obtained with a vulnerable value of 30-70 and the results of the post-test evaluation obtained an average value of 81.21 with a vulnerable value of 70-100.  The results of the overall evaluation there was a significant increase in value of 21.82, the results showed the method was considered quite useful in terms of grades and enthusiasm of the students.  Apart from that, there are a number of questions that show that students are truly enthusiastic about endowments.Keywords: waqf literacy, readability, waqf
Regionalne zróżnicowanie instrumentów Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej w kontekście bioróżnorodności gruntów rolnych województwa wielkopolskiego
Authors: Kołodziejczak Anna
Published: May 2023

Do poprawy ochrony bioróżnorodności na obszarach wiejskich przyczyniają się działania podejmowane przez rolników w ramach spełniania norm i wymogów wzajemnej zgodności (ang. cross-compliance) oraz realizacja niektórych działań w ramach PROW, takich jak program rolnośrodowiskowy w latach 2004–2013, programy rolno-środowiskowo-klimatyczne i ekologiczny w latach 2014–2020. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie zmian przestrzennych stanu ochrony bioróżnorodności gruntów rolnych wskutek wsparcia finansowego rozwoju produkcji ekologicznej i zrównoważonej w województwie wielkopolskim. Jako podstawę analizy przestrzennej przyjęto cztery wskaźniki, przedstawiające liczbę wniosków zrealizowanych w ramach pakietów rolnictwa zrównoważonego i ekologicznego w odniesieniu do ogólnej liczby gospodarstw rolnych wyrażonej w procencie, wielkość pozyskanej z tego tytułu kwoty w przeliczeniu na ha użytków rolnych, udział gospodarstw pobierających płatności w ogólnej liczbie gospodarstw rolnych oraz udział powierzchni użytków rolnych objętych płatnościami w ogólnej powierzchni użytków rolnych gospodarstw. Zakres przestrzenny analizy obejmował terytorium województwa wielkopolskiego, a jako podstawowe jednostki przyjęto powiaty (w układzie 31 biur powiatowych Agencji Restrukturyzacji i Modernizacji Rolnictwa). Z badań wynika, że wsparcie finansowe miało pozytywny wpływ na koncentrację użytków rolnych objętych płatnościami rolnośrodowiskowymi i widoczne było w północno-zachodniej części województwa wielkopolskiego, gdzie w większym stopniu wykorzystane przez rolników instrumenty ekonomiczne spowodowały kontynuację oszczędzania gruntów rolnych poprzez ekstensywne gospodarowanie, a tym samym zachowanie i powiększanie stanu bioróżnorodności.
Kreowanie i promocja przestrzeni publicznych wsi regionu pomorskiego
Authors: Czapiewska Gabriela
Published: May 2023

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie problematyki kreowania i promocji wiejskich przestrzeni publicznych w regionie pomorskim. Przestrzeń publiczna jest miejscem szczególnym, zwłaszcza na terenach wiejskich, gdyż ma kluczowe znaczenie społeczne (miejsce integracji mieszkańców) i przestrzenne (dominanta funkcjonalna i kompozycyjna). Decyduje o jakości życia, konkurencyjności i atrakcyjności regionu – turystycznej, osiedleńczej i inwestycyjnej. Potrzeba dobrze zaprojektowanych miejsc wspólnych na wsi jest nie tylko coraz częściej dostrzegana, ale i promowana przez samorządy lokalne, regionalne czy społeczności wiejskie. Przykładem dobrych praktyk w aspekcie kreowania i promocji ogólnodostępnych walorów wiejskich przestrzeni publicznych badanego obszaru jest konkurs „Najlepsza przestrzeń publiczna województwa pomorskiego”. W pracy zobrazowano zasady regulaminowe konkursu oraz poddano analizie nagrodzone i wyróżnione przez komisję konkursową w latach 2006–2021 projekty zagospodarowania przestrzeni publicznych wsi regionu pomorskiego. Wypromowane w konkursie przedsięwzięcia są wzorem do naśladowania dla innych miejscowości, a sam konkurs jest formą motywacji dla samorządów lokalnych do podejmowania kolejnych ciekawych przedsięwzięć i aranżowania przestrzeni publicznych we wsiach regionu pomorskiego.