bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of Zika Virus Transmission and Its Prevention among High-Risk Pregnant Women in Brazil
Authors: Pires Lucas C. , Dantas Luiza R. , Witkin Steven S. , Bertozzi Ana Paula A. P. , Dezena Rita de Cássia A. B. , Rodrigues Maria M. D. , Gazeta Rosa Estela , Passos Saulo D.
Published: February 2021

Recent outbreaks of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection highlight the urgent need to evaluate the efficacy of current public health measures to educate susceptible groups about how to prevent infection, modes of viral transmission, and consequences of infection. We performed a cross-sectional study in the city of Jundiaí, São-Paulo, from March 2016 to August 2017. In 315 high-risk pregnant women we evaluated the rate of ZIKV infection, knowledge of pathways of ZIKV transmission, and the use of protective measures. Data were analyzed and correlated with sociodemographic variables. The rate of ZIKV infection was 10.8%. ZIKV transmission by mosquitoes was the best-known means of virus acquisition, while transmission of ZIKV by sexual intercourse as well as mother–fetus transmission was known by less than half of the women. The use of insect repellent, reported by 53% of participants, was correlated with higher education and personal directives from health professionals. Condom use was reported by 19.5% of subjects. Improved strategies to increase awareness of ZIKV infection and its consequences, designed to appeal to specific, targeted populations, are clearly necessary to more accurately prevent the spread of this infection and diminish adverse consequences in the pregnant population.
SARS Coronavirus-2 Microneutralisation and Commercial Serological Assays Correlated Closely for Some but Not All Enzyme Immunoassays
Authors: Walker Gregory J. , Naing Zin , Ospina Stella Alberto , Yeang Malinna , Caguicla Joanna , Ramachandran Vidiya , Isaacs Sonia R. , Agapiou David , Bull Rowena A. , Stelzer-Braid Sacha , Daly James , Gosbell Iain B. , Hoad Veronica C. , Irving David O. , Pink Joanne M. , Turville Stuart , Kelleher Anthony D. , Rawlinson William D.
Published: February 2021

Serological testing for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies provides important research and diagnostic information relating to COVID-19 prevalence, incidence and host immune response. A greater understanding of the relationship between functionally neutralising antibodies detected using microneutralisation assays and binding antibodies detected using scalable enzyme immunoassays (EIA) is needed in order to address protective immunity post-infection or vaccination, and assess EIA suitability as a surrogate test for screening of convalescent plasma donors. We assessed whether neutralising antibody titres correlated with signal cut-off ratios in five commercially available EIAs, and one in-house assay based on expressed spike protein targets. Sera from recovered patients or convalescent plasma donors who reported laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 200), and negative control sera collected prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 100), were assessed in parallel. Performance was assessed by calculating EIA sensitivity and specificity with reference to microneutralisation. Neutralising antibodies were detected in 166 (83%) samples. Compared with this, the most sensitive EIAs were the Cobas Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (98%) and Vitros Immunodiagnostic Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (100%), which detect total antibody targeting the N and S1 antigens, respectively. The assay with the best quantitative relationship with microneutralisation was the Euroimmun IgG. These results suggest the marker used (total Ab vs. IgG vs. IgA) and the target antigen are important determinants of assay performance. The strong correlation between microneutralisation and some commercially available assays demonstrates their potential for clinical and research use in assessing protection following infection or vaccination, and use as a surrogate test to assess donor suitability for convalescent plasma donation.
Studies on the Occurrence of Viruses in Planting Material of Grapevines in Southwestern Germany
Authors: Messmer Noemi , Bohnert Patricia , Schumacher Stefan , Fuchs René
Published: February 2021

Viral diseases in viticulture lead to annual losses in the quantity and quality of grape production. Since no direct control measures are available in practice, preventive measures are taken to keep the vines healthy. These include, for example, the testing of propagation material for viruses such as Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) or Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1) and 3 (GLRaV-3). As long-term investigations have shown, GLRaV-1 (2.1%) occurs most frequently in southwestern German wine-growing regions, whereas GLRaV-3 (<0.1%) is almost never found. However, tests conducted over 12 years indicate that there is no general decline in virus-infected planting material. Thus, it can be assumed that a spread of the viruses via corresponding vectors still takes place unhindered. Beyond the examinations regulated within the German Wine Growing Ordinance, one-time tests were carried out on Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV). This analysis showed that GPGV was found in 17.2% of the samples.
Angle Surgery in Pediatric Glaucoma Following Cataract Surgery
Authors: Jamerson Emery C. , Solyman Omar , Yacoub Magdi S. , Abushanab Mokhtar Mohamed Ibrahim , Elhusseiny Abdelrahman M.
Published: February 2021

Glaucoma is a common and sight-threatening complication of pediatric cataract surgery Reported incidence varies due to variability in study designs and length of follow-up. Consistent and replicable risk factors for developing glaucoma following cataract surgery (GFCS) are early age at the time of surgery, microcornea, and additional surgical interventions. The exact mechanism for GFCS has yet to be completely elucidated. While medical therapy is the first line for treatment of GFCS, many eyes require surgical intervention, with various surgical modalities each posing a unique host of risks and benefits. Angle surgical techniques include goniotomy and trabeculotomy, with trabeculotomy demonstrating increased success over goniotomy as an initial procedure in pediatric eyes with GFCS given the success demonstrated throughout the literature in reducing IOP and number of IOP-lowering medications required post-operatively. The advent of microcatheter facilitated circumferential trabeculotomies lead to increased success compared to traditional <180° rigid probe trabeculotomy in GFCS. The advent of two-site rigid-probe trabeculotomy indicated that similar results could be attained without the use of the more expensive microcatheter system. Further studies of larger scale, with increased follow-up, and utilizing randomization would be beneficial in determining optimum surgical management of pediatric GFCS.
Clustering Simultaneous Occurrences of the Extreme Floods in the Neckar Catchment
Authors: Modiri Ehsan , Bárdossy András
Published: February 2021

Flood protection is crucial for making socioeconomic policies due to the high losses of extreme floods. So far, the synchronous occurrences of flood events have not been deeply investigated. In this paper, multivariate analysis was implemented to reveal the interconnection between these floods in spatiotemporal resolution. The discharge measurements of 46 gauges with a continuous daily time series for 55 years were taken over the Neckar catchment. Initially, the simultaneous floods were identified. The Kendall correlation between the pair sets of peaks was determined to scrutinize the similarities between the simultaneous events. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering tree (AHCT) and multidimensional scaling (MDS) were employed, and obtained clusters were compared and evaluated with the Silhouette verification method. AHCT shows that the Average and Ward algorithms are appropriate to detect reasonable clusters. The Neckar catchment has been divided into three major clusters: the first cluster mainly covers the western part and is bounded by the Black Forest and Swabian Alps. The second cluster is mostly located in the eastern part of the upper Neckar. The third cluster contains the remaining lowland areas of the Neckar basin. The results illustrate that the clusters act relatively as a function of topography, geology, and anthropogenic alterations of the catchment.
An Automated Approach to Groundwater Quality Monitoring—Geospatial Mapping Based on Combined Application of Gaussian Process Regression and Bayesian Information Criterion
Authors: Shadrin Dmitrii , Nikitin Artyom , Tregubova Polina , Terekhova Vera , Jana Raghavendra , Matveev Sergey , Pukalchik Maria
Published: February 2021

Sustainable management of the environment is based on the preservation of natural resources, first of all, freshwater—both surface and groundwater—from exhaustion and contamination. Thus, development of adequate monitoring solutions, including fast and adaptive modelling approaches, are of high importance. Recent progress in machine learning techniques provide an opportunity to improve the prediction accuracy of the spatial distribution of properties of natural objects and to automate all stages of this process to exclude uncertainties caused by handcrafting. We propose a technique to construct the weighted Water Quality Index (WQI) and the spatial prediction map of the WQI in tested area. In particular, WQI is calculated using dimensionality reduction technique (Principal Component Analysis), and spatial map of WQI is constructed using Gaussian Process Regression with automatic kernel structure selection using Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). We validate our approach on a new dataset for groundwater quality in the New Moscow region, where groundwater is mostly used for drinking purposes. According to estimated WQI values, groundwater quality across the study region is relatively high, with few points, less than 0.5% of all observations, severely contaminated. Estimated WQIs then were used to construct spatial distribution models, GPR-BIC approach was compared with ordinary Kriging (OK), Universal Kriging (UK) with exponential, Gaussian, polynomial and periodic kernels. Quality of models was assessed using cross-validation scheme, according to which BIC-GPR approach showed better performance on average with 15% higher R2 score comparing to other Kriging models. We show that the proposed geospatial interpolation is a potentially powerful and adaptable tool for predicting the spatial distribution of properties of natural resources.
Correction: Wasielewski, S., et al. Evaluation of Different Clinoptilolite Zeolites as Adsorbent for Ammonium Removal from Highly Concentrated Synthetic Wastewater. Water 2018, 10, 584
Authors: Wasielewski Stephan , Rott Eduard , Minke Ralf , Steinmetz Heidrun
Published: February 2021

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The Spatiotemporal Patterns and Interrelationships of Snow Cover and Climate Change in Tianshan Mountains
Authors: Heng Tong , He Xinlin , Yang Lili , Yu Jiawen , Yang Yulin , Li Miaoling
Published: February 2021

To reveal the spatiotemporal patterns of the asymmetry in the Tianshan mountains’ climatic warming, in this study, we analyzed climate and MODIS snow cover data (2001–2019). The change trends of asymmetrical warming, snow depth (SD), snow coverage percentage (SCP), snow cover days (SCD) and snow water equivalent (SWE) in the Tianshan mountains were quantitatively determined, and the influence of asymmetrical warming on the snow cover activity of the Tianshan mountains were discussed. The results showed that the nighttime warming rate (0.10 °C per decade) was greater than the daytime, and that the asymmetrical warming trend may accelerate in the future. The SCP of Tianshan mountain has reduced by 0.9%. This means that for each 0.1 °C increase in temperature, the area of snow cover will reduce by 5.9 km2. About 60% of the region’s daytime warming was positively related to SD and SWE, and about 48% of the region’s nighttime warming was negatively related to SD and SWE. Temperature increases were concentrated mainly in the Pamir Plateau southwest of Tianshan at high altitudes and in the Turpan and Hami basins in the east. In the future, the western and eastern mountainous areas of the Tianshan will continue to show a warming trend, while the central mountainous areas of the Tianshan mountains will mainly show a cooling trend.
An Operational High-Performance Forecasting System for City-Scale Pluvial Flash Floods in the Southwestern Plain Areas of Taiwan
Authors: Chang Tzu-Yin , Chen Hongey , Fu Huei-Shuin , Chen Wei-Bo , Yu Yi-Chiang , Su Wen-Ray , Lin Lee-Yaw
Published: February 2021

A pluvial flash flood is rapid flooding induced by intense rainfall associated with a severe weather system, such as thunderstorms or typhoons. Additionally, topography, ground cover, and soil conditions also account for the occurrence of pluvial flash floods. Pluvial flash floods are among the most devastating natural disasters that occur in Taiwan, and these floods always /occur within a few minutes or hours of excessive rainfall. Pluvial flash floods usually threaten large plain areas with high population densities; therefore, there is a great need to implement an operational high-performance forecasting system for pluvial flash flood mitigation and evacuation decisions. This study developed a high-performance two-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on the finite-element method and unstructured grids. The operational high-performance forecasting system is composed of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, and a map-oriented visualization tool. The forecasting system employs digital elevation data with a 1-m resolution to simulate city-scale pluvial flash floods. The extent of flooding during historical inundation events derived from the forecasting system agrees well with the surveyed data for plain areas in southwestern Taiwan. The entire process of the operational high-performance forecasting system prediction of pluvial flash floods in the subsequent 24 h is accomplished within 8–10 min, and forecasts are updated every six hours.
The Seagrass Holobiont: What We Know and What We Still Need to Disclose for Its Possible Use as an Ecological Indicator
Authors: Conte Chiara , Rotini Alice , Manfra Loredana , D’Andrea Marco , Winters Gidon , Migliore Luciana
Published: February 2021

Microbes and seagrass establish symbiotic relationships constituting a functional unit called the holobiont that reacts as a whole to environmental changes. Recent studies have shown that the seagrass microbial associated community varies according to host species, environmental conditions and the host’s health status, suggesting that the microbial communities respond rapidly to environmental disturbances and changes. These changes, dynamics of which are still far from being clear, could represent a sensitive monitoring tool and ecological indicator to detect early stages of seagrass stress. In this review, the state of art on seagrass holobiont is discussed in this perspective, with the aim of disentangling the influence of different factors in shaping it. As an example, we expand on the widely studied Halophila stipulacea’s associated microbial community, highlighting the changing and the constant components of the associated microbes, in different environmental conditions. These studies represent a pivotal contribution to understanding the holobiont’s dynamics and variability pattern, and to the potential development of ecological/ecotoxicological indices. The influences of the host’s physiological and environmental status in changing the seagrass holobiont, alongside the bioinformatic tools for data analysis, are key topics that need to be deepened, in order to use the seagrass-microbial interactions as a source of ecological information.
Determination of Paleocurrent Directions Based on Well Logging Technology Aiming at the Lower Third Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Chezhen Depression and Its Implications
Authors: Gao Yangjun , Li Furong , Shi Shilong , Chen Ye
Published: February 2021

The Bohai Bay basin, mainly formed in the Cenozoic, is an important storehouse of groundwater in the North China Plain. The sedimentary deposits transported by paleocurrents often provided favorable conditions for the enrichment of modern liquid reservoirs. However, due to limited seismic and well logging data, studies focused on the macroscopic directions of paleocurrents are scarce. In this study, we obtained a series of well logging data for the sedimentary layers of Es3L Formation in the Chezhen depression. The results indicate the sources of paleocurrents from the northeast, northwest, and west to a center of subsidence in the northern Chezhen depression at that time. Based on the well testing data, the physical properties of the layers from Es3L Formation in this region were generally poor, but two abnormal overpressure zones were found at 3700–3800 m and 4100–4300 m deep intervals, suggesting potential high-quality underground liquid reservoirs. By combining with other geological evidence, we suggest that the Pacific Plate was retreating and changing its direction from NE–SE to W–E and the Bohai–Luxi block was suffering an extrusion from NE induced by the Lan–Liao and Tan–Lu strike-slip faults in the early Paleogene.
Impact of Land Use Change on Non-Point Source Pollution in a Semi-Arid Catchment under Rapid Urbanisation in Bolivia
Authors: Gossweiler Benjamin , Wesström Ingrid , Messing Ingmar , Villazón Mauricio , Joel Abraham
Published: February 2021

Changes in pollution pressure exerted on the Rocha River in Bolivia from diffuse sources were assessed using potential non-point pollution indexes (PNPI) for 1997 and 2017. PNPI is a simple, low-effort, time- and resource-saving method suitable for data-scarce regions, as it works at catchment level with commonly available geographical data. Land use type (obtained by Landsat imagery classification), runoff (determined by runoff coefficient characterisation) and distance to river network (calculated at perpendicular distance) were each transformed into corresponding indicators to determine their relative importance in generating pollution. Weighted sum, a multi-criteria analysis tool in the GIS environment, was used to combine indicators with weighting values. Different weighting values were assigned to each of the indicators resulting in a set of six equations. The results showed that higher PNPI values corresponded to human settlements with high population density, higher runoff values and shorter distance to river network, while lower PNPI values corresponded to semi-natural land use type, lower runoff coefficient and longer distances to river. PNPI values were positively correlated with measured nitrate and phosphate concentrations at six sub-catchment outlets. The correlation was statistical significant for phosphate in 2017. Maps were produced to identify priority source areas that are more likely to generate pollution, which is important information for future management.
Effects of Malachite Green on the Microbiomes of Milkfish Culture Ponds
Authors: Yang Chu-Wen , Chang Yi-Tang , Hsieh Chi-Yen , Chang Bea-Ven
Published: February 2021

Intensive fish farming through aquaculture is vulnerable to infectious diseases that can increase fish mortality and damage the productivity of aquaculture farms. To prevent infectious diseases, malachite green (MG) has been applied as a veterinary drug for various microbial infections in aquaculture settings worldwide. However, little is known regarding the consequences of MG and MG-degrading bacteria (MGDB) on microbial communities in milkfish culture ponds (MCPs). In this study, small MCPs were used as a model system to determine the effects of MG on the microbial communities in MCPs. The addition of MG led to cyanobacterial blooms in the small MCP. The addition of MGDB could not completely reverse the effects of MG on microbial communities. Cyanobacterial blooms were not prevented. Microbial communities analyzed by next generation sequencing revealed that cyanobacterial blooms may be due to increase of nitrogen cycle (including nitrogen fixation, nitrate reduction and anammox) associated microbial communities, which raised the levels of ammonium in the water of the small MCP. The communities of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (beneficial for aquaculture and aquatic ecosystems) decreased after the addition of MG. The results of this investigation provide valuable insights into the effects of MG in aquaculture and the difficulties of bioremediation for aquatic environments polluted by MG.
Effects of Wave-Induced Processes in a Coupled Wave–Ocean Model on Particle Transport Simulations
Authors: Staneva Joanna , Ricker Marcel , Carrasco Alvarez Ruben , Breivik Øyvind , Schrum Corinna
Published: February 2021

This study investigates the effects of wind–wave processes in a coupled wave–ocean circulation model on Lagrangian transport simulations. Drifters deployed in the southern North Sea from May to June 2015 are used. The Eulerian currents are obtained by simulation from the coupled circulation model (NEMO) and the wave model (WAM), as well as a stand-alone NEMO circulation model. The wave–current interaction processes are the momentum and energy sea state dependent fluxes, wave-induced mixing and Stokes–Coriolis forcing. The Lagrangian transport model sensitivity to these wave-induced processes in NEMO is quantified using a particle drift model. Wind waves act as a reservoir for energy and momentum. In the coupled wave–ocean circulation model, the momentum that is transferred into the ocean model is considered as a fraction of the total flux that goes directly to the currents plus the momentum lost from wave dissipation. Additional sensitivity studies are performed to assess the potential contribution of windage on the Lagrangian model performance. Wave-induced drift is found to significantly affect the particle transport in the upper ocean. The skill of particle transport simulations depends on wave–ocean circulation interaction processes. The model simulations were assessed using drifter and high-frequency (HF) radar observations. The analysis of the model reveals that Eulerian currents produced by introducing wave-induced parameterization into the ocean model are essential for improving particle transport simulations. The results show that coupled wave–circulation models may improve transport simulations of marine litter, oil spills, larval drift or transport of biological materials.
Impact of the Depth of Diaphragm Wall on the Groundwater Drawdown during Foundation Dewatering Considering Anisotropic Permeability of Aquifer
Authors: Wang Xu-wei , Xu Ye-shuang
Published: February 2021

Foundation dewatering combined with a waterproof curtain is widely applied to ensure the safety of the foundation pit in areas with multi-aquifer–aquitard alternative strata. The buried depth of the diaphragm wall can influence the environmental effect due to dewatering obviously. This paper investigates the impact of the buried depth of the diaphragm wall on the groundwater drawdown considering the anisotropic permeability of the dewatering aquifer. Numerical simulation is conducted based on an engineering case. The ratio of penetrating depth of diaphragm wall to thickness of dewatering aquifer (RW) and the ratio of horizontal and vertical hydraulic conductivity of dewatering aquifer (RC) are varied. The relationship between approximate hydraulic gradient (Δi) and RW (or RC) can be fitted by Boltzmann curve (or logarithmic curve). Effective, suggested and control values of RW (or RC) are proposed, of which the suggested value is recommended in practical engineering. The effective, suggested and control value of RW can be calculated by logarithmical equation considering the value of RC.
Análisis sobre el uso de estrategias de enseñanza y aprendizaje con apoyo de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación en la carrera de Enfermería, antes de la pandemia por COVID-19.
Authors: Maidana Sosa Mirtha Elizabeth
Published: February 2021

El propósito de este trabajo consistió en analizar las estrategias de enseñanza y aprendizaje con el uso de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC) en Enfermería, en la Universidad Nacional de Avellaneda y en las publicaciones en LILACS, antes de la pandemia por COVID-19. Como mejores estrategias efectivas se rescataron los trabajos grupales colaborativos con roles designados y guía docente durante todo el proceso. Ante temas de alta demanda cognitiva, los medios audiovisuales son los más sugeridos. Se rescata el rol del docente mediador, sin aulas presenciales, diferenciando entre conocimiento válido a seleccionar para el aprendizaje de futuros enfermeros. Es necesario prestar atención desde las instituciones académicas para el apoyo en pos del mejoramiento de competencias en manejo de TIC de docentes y estudiantes, también de actores que no presentaran medios virtuales eficaces, que contribuyan al manejo de aulas virtuales tan necesarias en tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19.
UU ITE, Media Sosial, Generasi M UU ITE TENTANG EFEK MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP GENERASI MILENIAL
Authors: Perdana Andre Pebrian
Published: February 2021

Abstrak : Media sosial merupakan suatu alat telekomunikasi yang saat ini berkembang sangat cepat, perkembangan media sosial tentunya membawa pengaruh yang sangat signifikan terutama dalam aktivitas sehari-hari, media sosial yang saat ini dianggap sebagai kebutuhan primer menyebabkan banyak sekali konten-konten yang menjadikan media sosial sebagai referensi masyarakat untuk mencari atau memberi informasi terkait. hal-hal yang sedang terjadi ataupun konten-konten yang sedang tren saat ini.Namun dalam realisasi di media sosial banyak pengguna yang kurang mengetahui dan memahami landasan hukum yang ditetapkan oleh pemerintah, sehingga pengguna tanpa menyadari kosekuensi terkait berlebihan dalam penggunaan media sosial, seperti memposting hal-hal negatif dan informasi yang mengandung SARA.

             Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui UU ITE tentang Efek Media Sosial Terhadap Generasai Melenial. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriftif teknik pengumpulan data data adalah teknik wawancara dan kuisoner, sedangkan teknik analisis data kualitatif.

             Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa UU ITE Tentang Efek Media Sosial Terhadap Generasi Melenial yaitu, UU ITE sebagai barometer aktivitas generasi melenial terhadap pengaruh media sosial, UU ITE membatasi aktivitas generasi melenial dalam berekspresi di media sosial, UU ITE benteng untuk memfilter pengaruh buruk yang masuk melalui media sosial terhadap perkembangan generasi melenial dan wujud perkembangan teknologi yang menyebar secara menyeluruh kesegala penjuru dunia.
Mailegatze morfologikoa eta generoa euskaraz
Authors: Padilla-Moyano Manuel
Published: February 2021

LABURPENA Mende luzetako ukipen azkarraren ondorioz, euskarak morfema sorta bat mailegatu die latinari eta inguruko erromantzeei. ‑o/‑a bukaeren araberako pareen mailegatzearekin barietate batzuek inflexiozko generoaren hastapenak garatu dituzten bezala, ‑sa atzizkiarekin ekialdeko euskara eratorpenezko genero bereizkuntzan abiatu da. Zuberoako euskara historikoaren corpusean funtsaturik, lan honen xedea da -sa-ren agerpen historikoa aztertzea eta iruzkintzea. Horrezaz landara, eta Euskaltzaindiak bide hori baztertu badu ere, egungo ekialdeko anitz euskaldunen artean ‑sa atzizkiak duen emankortasuna ilustratuko dugu. RESUMEN Como consecuencia de la prolongada situación de contacto lingüístico, el vascuence ha tomado préstamos morfológicos del latín y de las lenguas romances. Así como a partir del préstamo de pares acabados en -o y -a algunas variedades vascas han adquirido una incipiente distinción de género de tipo flexivo, con el sufijo -sa el euskara oriental se ha adentrado en una distinción de tipo derivacional. Basándonos en un corpus del suletino histórico, en este trabajo examinamos la atestiguación y el uso del morfema -sa. Además, mostraremos que para muchos hablantes de dialectos orientales el sufijo -sa mantiene su vigor como morfema productivo, pese a que la Real Academia de la Lengua Vasca lo haya desaconsejado. ABSTRACT Due to the long-term situation of intensive contact, Basque has borrowed a number of morphemes from Latin and Romance languages. Whilst certain varieties show an incipient inflectional distinction of gender as a result of the borrowing of lexical pairs ended in -o/-a, Eastern Basque has to a certain extent acquired a derivational gender distinction by means of the Romance-origin suffix -sa. Based on a corpus of historical Souletin, in this paper we analyse the occurrences of the morpheme -sa. Moreover, we will show that present-day Eastern Basque speakers continue to use -sa as a productive suffix, despite the fact that the Royal Academy of the Basque Language has advised against it.
Genizah Fragment’s Version of the Amoraic Statements in Bavli Eruvin 103a
Authors: Zur Uri
Published: February 2021

The Genizah fragment Cambridge U-L T-S F2 (2) 23, numbered C98948 in the Friedberg Jewish Manuscript Society, includes among other things the amoraic controversy between R. Eleazar and R. Jose son of R. Hanina, as well as the give and take between R. Safra and Abaye in Tractate Eruvin 103a. Some of the researchers are divided concerning the initial formation of the sugya. The controversy between R. Eleazar and R. Jose son of R. Hanina as presented in the fragment’s version poses difficulties and interferes with the ordered understanding of the methods utilized by these amoraim to solve the contradiction between the Mishna in Eruvin and the Mishna in Pesaḥim. The purpose of the article is to present the difficulties in the fragment’s version with regard to the abovementioned amoraic controversy and reach conclusions regarding the precise original version of the fragment. Thus too in the matter of the fragment’s version of the give and take between R. Safra and Abaye, which differs from other versions. The purpose of the article is to examine the fragment’s version of this give and take in comparison to other versions and reach conclusions regarding the clearest and most precise version compared to the other versions.
Los cuatro jinetes de la corona
Authors: Muñiz-Huberman Angelina
Published: February 2021

Los cuatro jinetes de la corona
Thermal transport properties of an oriented thin film of a paraffinic tripodal triptycene
Authors: Imaizumi Takaki , Takehara Ryosuke , Yamashita Yuichiro , Yagi Takashi , Ishiwari Fumitaka , Shoji Yoshiaki , Wang Xiaohan , Murakami Yoichi , Nishino Tomoaki , Fukushima Takanori
Published: February 2021

Using a molecular engineering technique based on a tripodal triptycene-based supramolecular scaffold capable of precisely controlling molecular orientation on solid substrates, in combination with a time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) measurement technique, we evaluate thermal transport properties of a highly oriented long alkyl chain at the nanoscale. In the TDTR measurements, a 54 nm thick film, in which two-dimensional alkyl-chain domains are stacked horizontally to the substrate surface, showed a value of out-of-plane thermal conductivity (0.21 ± 0.04 W · m–1 · K–1), which is in a similar range as those reported for other organic and polymer materials.
Design and optimization of multiple-time programmable memory cell by advanced CMOS FinFET technologies
Authors: Chuang Chun-Yu , Lin Chrong-Jung , King Ya-Chin
Published: February 2021

This paper presents a new multiple-time programmable (MTP) memory cell that features an n-well as the erasing gate and is implemented in a 16 nm FinFET technology process. It is composed of slot contacts placed beside a metal gate for lateral coupling to the floating gate, while an n-well with a floating gate laid on top of it functions as erasing terminal. With adjusted slot contact length, a programming gate (PG) coupling ratio can be designed for the optimized program, erase and read operations to best meet the needs for logic non-volatile memory array development. An increase in the PG coupling ratio provides an increasing read current and lower leakage current, which brings about an improved read window in a larger array. Good endurance test results and disturb immunity were also demonstrated on these new MPT cells.
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF HYPERHIDROSIS TREATMENT WITH MICROWAVE ABLATION
Authors: Chacur Roberto , Menezes Honório Sampaio , Mafaldo Rodrigo Cadore , Gomes Leandro Dias , Alves Danuza Dias , Chacur Nívea Maria Bordin da Silva , Bortolozo Fernanda , Barreto Gisele dos Santos , Barbosa Giulia Casa Nova , Castro. Gabriella Andressa Marchesin de
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Axillary hyperhidrosis is a condition that causes embarrassment and discomfort. The most common techniques used to inhibit axillary sweat glands are thoracic sympathectomy, liposuction curettage, and injection of botulinum toxin, all of which have immediate benets. However, in return, these can generate unsatisfactory effects after some time. Objective: This work aimed to evaluate the degree of satisfaction, benets, and possible adverse effects of the application of microwaves for the treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis. Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients with clinical diagnoses of primary axillary hyperhidrosis who underwent treatment with microwave ablation from 2015 to 2018. Medical records were analyzed for demographic data, degree of satisfaction (Likert scale), and adverse effects. Patients were classied according to their hyperhidrosis disease severity scale (HDSS) and clinical results of the treatment to the medical record. The correlation between the ndings was made considering the statistical validity of p = 0.05. Conclusion: The treatment of hyperhidrosis with ablation of sweat glands using microwaves (Miradry®) was safe and presented virtually no adverse effects. Although its effectiveness was below expected, the level of patient satisfaction was considered good.
TREATMENT FOR NECK LAXITY WITH PMMA FILLING, MICROFOCUSED ULTRASOUND, AND RADIO FREQUENCY CO2 LASER: CASE REPORT
Authors: Chacur Roberto , Menezes Honório Sampaio , Bordin Nívea Maria , Chacur da Silva , Alves Danuza Dias , Bataiolli Renata D'oliveira , Matzenbacher Gina , Gomes Leandro Dias , Mafaldo Rodrigo Cadore , Barbosa Giulia Casa Nova
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Facial structural changes observed in the form of wrinkles and sagging are signs of aging. The association of techniques that stimulate collagen has been researched.

Objective: The objective is to report the case of a patient who has neck laxity and underwent CO laser treatment, microfocused ultrasound, and 2 polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) filling.

Methodology: Case report with follow-up for laxity treatment in the neck region. Filling, Ultherapy®, and radio frequency CO laser were used. 2

Report: A 68-year-old male patient came to the clinic for laxity treatment of the neck area. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) filling, micro focused ultrasound, and radio frequency CO laser were proposed as treatment. 2

Conclusion: The combination of different rejuvenation technologies has provided significant results in the treatment for skin laxity.
A RARE CASE OF GAS GANGRENE OF ABDOMINAL WALL IN PREGNANCY
Authors: Baxy Himani , Kalyankar Vijay Y. , Gadappa Shrinivas , Chauhan Megha
Published: February 2021

Gas gangrene in pregnancy is a rare occurrence although associated with high mortality. We report the case of a patient who developed gas gangrene of abdominal wall post-partum. A 30-year-old G3P2L2 with 6 months of amenorrhea, a neglected ANC with no antenatal visits, a known case of quadriparesis, delivered a preterm male baby. Having a contusion of 20*10cm size on lower abdomen, a blister formed over the same post-partum which had to be debrided. She was treated vigorously with antibiotics and tetanus antitoxin; and appropriate supportive management. Patient’s condition worsened after 36hrs and 46 hrs after admission she went into cardiac arrest. And such we encountered a case in 2019 in modern-day obstetrics, of gas gangrene complicating pregnancy, costing life to both the new-born and parturient. The importance of early suspicion and diagnosis followed by prompt, vigorous treatment cannot be emphasized more.
PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS-AS AN UPPER LOBE MASS A RARE CASE REPORT.
Authors: Chandrasekaran Srinidhi , Ravichandran Sabarinath
Published: February 2021

Tuberculosis is the worldwide serious health problem. Pulmonary tuberculosis is most commonly seen in India. The usual manifestation of tuberculosis is in the form of consolidation in upper lobe or superior segment of lower lobe.(1) But sometimes the disease has variable atypical presentation such as a mass. The diagnosis of Pulmonary tuberculosis or malignancy can be easily made when observed with CT or chest radiography.However some tuberculous lesions may clinically and radiographically mimic a neoplasia(2) This may lead to misdiagnosis or delayed treatment. Here we discuss a similar case of a 24 year old female.
LEADERSHIP SKILLS OF THE PRINCIPALS OF TEACHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN WEST BENGAL WITH REFERENCE TO THEIR DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS
Authors: Sheth Angshuman , Ghosh Sanat Kumar
Published: February 2021

The leadership skills of a principal play a very important role in the management of a college. The progress of a college very much depends on the leadership skills of the principal. The present paper is being aimed to measure the leadership quality of the principal of various colleges in West Bengal. The study was conducted on a sample of 300 Principal randomly selected from the 19 districts namely Purba Bardhaman, Paschim Bardhman, Hooghly, Bankura, Purulia, Jhargram, Birbhum, Howrah, Kolkata, South 24 pgs, North 24 pgs, Murshidabad, Nadia, Purba Medinipur, Paschim Medinipur, Malda , Uttar dinajpur, Dakshin Dinajpur and jalpaiguri. A tool with 77 item was mead to do this research. There were eight types of dimension of leadership skills in this tool. These dimensions are 1. Dealing with student’s 2.Time table 3.Class allotment 4.Dealing with non-teaching staff 5.Incidental issues 6.Dealing with teachers 7.Administrative work and 8.Academic calendar. This study focuses on the above mention eight dimensions of leadership skills. Four types of age groups have been adopted in this study. These are 1.Below 40years age group, 2.40 to 50 years age group, 3.50 to 60 years age group, 4.Above 60 years age group.
NSV OR TUBE LIGATION------ A BETTER APPROACH
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Bijan Kumar , Chakraborty Saswati
Published: February 2021

This study was carried out at NSV cntre ,Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi. It was a retrospective analytical study. 2766 patient were taken into this study and comparision were done with tube ligation. It is found that NSV is better approach for sterilization.
RELATIONSHIP OF VERBAL IQ WITH PERFORMANCE IQ AND FULL SCALE IQ ALONG WITH ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Das Mahashweta
Published: February 2021

The connection between the complete brain size and general mental ability (GMA) was acknowledged universally. Connection between the performance intelligence quotient (PIQ) score and anatomical characteristics such as complete brain size, height, gender and weight are also narrated in many research papers. Very little study has been compiled to derive the relationship of verbal IQ (VIQ) with PIQ, full scale IQ (FSIQ) and anatomical characteristics. The current research report aims to develop the relationship of VIQ with the above mentioned variables. It is identified herein that VIQ is unequal variance random variable, and its mean is positively connected with FSIQ (P<0.0001), PIQ (P=0.1903), height (P= 0.0002), brain size (P=0.0181) and gender (P=0.0002), while it is negatively interrelated with the joint interaction effects of PIQ and height (PIQ*Height) (P<0.0001) and FSIQ*Gender (P<0.0001). Variance of VIQ is negatively interrelated with gender (P=0.0017), brain size (P=0.0040), height (P=0.0970), FSIQ*Gender (P=0.0032), while it is positively interrelated with PIQ (P=0.0321), Gender* Height (P=0.0322) and Gender*Brain size (P=0.0441). It is concluded herein that VIQ is higher for females with higher FSIQ, PIQ, larger brain size, longer height, and lower interaction effects of FSIQ*Gender and PIQ*Height.
RADIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SOFT TISSUE MASSES WITH CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION
Authors: Gafoor J.Abdul , Suresh B. , Padmalatha M. , Kavitha P. , Yadav Bandaru Mahesh
Published: February 2021

Evaluation of soft tissue tumours has undergone a dramatic change with the advent of ultrasonography(USG),magnetic resonance(MR)imaging and computed tomography (CT). Patients are referred for imaging to evaluate a soft tissue lesions in the trunk or extremities.These lesions range from non-neoplastic conditions to benign and malignant tumours. The primary goal for the imaging referral is to confirm the presence of a mass and to assess its extent. And also the study is an attempt to define the role of different imaging modalities in the evaluation of patients with soft tissue tumours in correlation with histopathology.
Detection of ionizing radiations using CMOS sensor from consumer camera device
Authors: Megat Ahmad Megat Harun Al Rashid
Published: February 2021

The availability of low-cost consumer camera device that use standardCMOS sensor technology enabled us to investigate the possibility of usingsuch device to detect ionizing radiations. A CMOS with active-pixel sensorfrom a webcam with built-in electronics was evaluated in this early prelim-inary works for the detection ofγphotons from137Cs source. A computerprogram was written in Python utilizing the openCV library to record thedigitized data from the webcam. The CMOS sensor with a simple systemsetup was found able to detect theγphotons.
Fully Flexible, Polymer based Microwave Devices Part II: Flexible Antennas and Performance Evaluation
Authors: Cherukhin Iurii
Published: February 2021

In this work, we have investigated polymer-based flexible antennas from commercial and modified polymers, which are competitive to rigid PCB technology. Classical designs of the patch and bow-tie antennas have been realized and showed that the realized gain can get up to 9.16dBi for the patch and 7.9dBi for the bow-tie antennas. The effects of the dielectric loss and conductivity on the antennas’ performance in S-band have been analyzed in order to find limits for further material engineering and the optimum trade-off between microwave and mechanical performance. The bending effects have been investigated, and it has been found that E-plane bend inside can boost the antenna gain from 8.6dBi to 10.1dBi with the frequency shift from 2.5 GHz to 2.4 GHz for the patch and 7.9dBi to 11.3dBi at 3.1 GHz for the bow-tie antennas. The non-classical π-shaped conductors’ edges lead to additional fringing fields, which have an effect on the antenna’s gain and can be explored and exploited for further performance improvements. The new recipes for low-loss, low-Dk dielectric materials, and chemical integration between conducting
Imaginación cosmológica, espiritualidad católica y sensibilidad contemplativa: la meditación cristiana en Argentina
Authors: Ludueña Gustavo A.
Published: February 2021

Este artículo analiza la dimensión cosmológica de la práctica de la “meditación cristiana” en Argentina, la cual es definida como una manifestación laical posconciliar inspirada en una sensibilidad contemplativa. En el estudio se identifican dos ejes que estructuran la cosmología de esta forma de meditación. A saber, la perspectiva ecuménica centrada en una narrativa sobre Oriente y la patrística; y, en segundo lugar, una noción de persona orientada hacia la interioridad, la intimidad divina y el bienestar. La investigación concluye que esta cosmología da lugar a una espiritualidad católica alternativa a partir de un desplazamiento ontológico respecto de valores religiosos de la iglesia. En este sentido, la secularización de la meditación disuelve la tensión entre religión y espiritualidad, y desarrolla una autonomía personal no individualista en los meditadores.
CREATION OF SPECIAL BATCHES OF DEVICES TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY
OF ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS FOR SPACE APPLICATIONS
Authors: Kuklin V.I. , Orlov V.I. , Fedosov V.V.
Published: February 2021

In this paper we give a brief historical background of the stages of work carried out by
“ITC – NPO PM” JSC aimed at ensuring the long-term operation of electronic components for space applications. It is shown that the creation of specialized testing facilities is the optimal approach to make batches of electronic components of the Space quality level. We propose a further scenario to improve reliability of electronic components for space applications, involving the joint work of specialized testing facilities and manufacturing plants to make special batches of devices.
Labor Comum em uma situação proposta pela Early Álgebra: mobilização de meios semióticos e colaboração humana
Authors: Faria Renata Aparecida de
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo apresenta o recorte de uma investigação a respeito do Labor Comum a partir de uma situação proposta no contexto da Early Álgebra denominada “Quantos telefonemas?”. A pesquisa está fundamentada nos pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos da Teoria da Objetivação (TO), proposta por Luis Radford. A TO se insere enquanto teoria de ensino e aprendizagem de matemática como uma abordagem semiótica com enfoque sociocultural. Os objetivos da pesquisa são os meios semióticos mobilizados na situação e indícios de características do Pensamento Algébrico. A busca por evidências relacionadas ao Labor Comum é analisada com base nas relações dialéticas entre estudantes e pesquisadora e dos diferentes meios semióticos (gestos, artefatos, representações) produzidos por estudantes de 6º ano de uma escola da Rede Pública, situada no Norte do estado do Paraná. Considerando os movimentos dialéticos e a mobilização e produção dos meios semióticos, inferimos que existem indicativos dos processos de objetivação e subjetivação de maneira simultânea enquanto constituintes do Labor Comum, além de uma característica do Pensamento Algébrico.
About the influence of pen calligraphy on the cognitive sphere of primary school children
Authors:   Moscow State Psychological and Educational University, Roshchina I.F. , Galeeva Y.A
Published: February 2021

The article shows the influence of pen calligraphy classes according to the method of Ya. A. Galeeva "School of Russian Calligraphy" on the cognitive sphere of younger schoolchildren with learning difficulties. The authors present the results of an experiment conducted by them in 2018-2019 in two schools in Moscow (the average age of children is 8 years and 11 months) and revealed the correctional potential of the manual pen writing technique. The analysis of the data of neuropsychological diagnostics of the cognitive sphere of children before and after calligraphy lessons showed a significant improvement in visual memory, optical-spatial sphere and voluntary regulation, programming and control. The authors conclude that this technique can be used both for the aesthetic development of children and for the simultaneous correction of these cognitive functions. It can be useful for teachers of additional education, psychologists and parents.
Somatism "beard" in the Russian language
Authors:   Dubna State University, Dasko A.A.
Published: February 2021

The article presents a lexicographic description of the word "beard", defines the variants of its lexical and grammatical compatibility, and performs a semantic analysis of Russian phraseological units with the "beard" component. The research material is determined by the sampling method and based on monolingual and bilingual dictionaries, as well as the National Corpus of the Russian language. The author offers his own classification of the designation of beard forms.