bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of Papaya Genotypes in Nepal
Authors: Chaudhary JN , Gautam IP , Bhusal YR , Gotame T
Published: December 2022

Coordinated varietal trials (CVTs) were conducted to identify the high yielding papaya (Carica papaya L.) genotypes at different agro- climatic conditions with eight genotypes at Agriculture Research Station (ARS), Malepatan, Pokhara; Viuran, Nawalparasi and Parewatar, Dhading during 2006-2009 and seedling were transplanted at the time of October and experiment was designed in RCBD and replicated thrice. Observations were recorded on biological and socio-economic parameters and analyzed. The pooled data over year revealed that number of fruits, marketable yield, average weight and circumference of the fruits at ARS, Malepatan and marketable fruit yield and average weight of the fruit at Viuran, Nawalparasi and Parewatar, Dhading showed the highly significant differences among the tested genotypes. Days to first harvest and length of the fruits at ARS, Malepatan and days to flowering, first harvest and number of fruits per plant at Viuran, Nawalparasi and Parewatar, Dhading showed the significant differences within genotypes. While, non-significant difference was noticed under days to flowering at ARS, Malepatan. Genotypes Red Lady was found early in all location (295 days to harvest) and the highest production of the marketable fruit yield (104.22 t/ha) followed by Farm selection-1 (102.37 t/ha) and which was at par with each other. Farm selection-1 recorded in the highest number of fruits per plant (41.4), the average fruit weight (1.46 kg) followed by Red Lady (37 and 1.37 kg at ARS, Malepatan, Pokhara. Farmers and consumers preferred red Lady due to earliness, red flesh color and good storability.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 10(4): 221-224.
Editorial Vol.8(3)
Authors: Baniya Hom Bahadur
Published: December 2022

No abstract available.
Spectrum of Gastrointestinal Perforations in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Central Nepal: An Analytical cross-sectional study.
Authors: Belbase Narayan Prasad , Khatiwada Sagar , Bhujel Sushim , Gupta Ravi , Upadhyay Hari Prasad , Belbase Deepak
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Perforations of the gastrointestinal tract are frequently encountered surgical emergencies associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to evaluate different spectrum of gastrointestinal tract perforations, their presentations, mode of surgery, complications and factors associated with mortality.

 

Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted in the Surgical Gastroenterology Department at College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal from October 1st 2021 to October 31st 2022. Patients undergoing emergency laparotomy for GI tract perforations were included in this study. Patients demographics, comorbidities, preoperative investigation, site and cause of perforation, type of surgery and postoperative complications were recorded.

 

Results: A total 100 patients with gastrointestinal perforations were analyzed. The mean age was 46.55 years. Male predominance with M:F=1.56:1 was seen. Almost 54% patients presented after 24 hrs of onset of pain. Peptic ulcer disease as a cause of perforation was seen in 26%, trauma in 23% cases, appendicular perforation in 20%, malignant perforation in 8%, tubercular perforation in 7% and foreign body perforation in 3% cases. Duodenal, appendicular and colorectal perforations were seen in 28%, 20% and 17% cases respectively. Total morbidity was 54% and mortality was 13%. Increasing age, delayed presentation, presence of comorbidities, systolic blood pressure less than 100 mm Hg, oliguria, presence of malignancy were significantly associated with high mortality.

 

Conclusion: Perforations of duodenum, appendix and colorectum are commonly encountered. Acid peptic disease, trauma and infections are the leading causes of perforations. Increasing age, delay in presentation, comorbidities, oliguria and hypotension are the factors associated with high mortality.
Reduction of postoperative pain after infiltration of local anesthetic at the port site and subdiaphragmatic space in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bhattarai Sameer , Pyakurel Kumud , Nalbo Dinesh , Khanal Kanak , Pandit Narendra
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Port site and subdiaphragmatic infiltration of local anesthetics during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is preferred by surgeons to decrease postoperative pain. LC with local anesthetics infiltration as well as without any local anesthetic both have been standard surgical practice. However, the difference in the reduction of postoperative pain in these two groups is not well known. The objective of the study was to compare the postoperative pain with and without infiltration of local anesthetic at the port site and subdiaphragmatic space in LC.

 

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 25 April 2021 to 25 October 2021 among 60 patients who underwent elective LC.  The patients were divided into two equal groups. The study group received infiltration of 20 ml of bupivacaine (0.5%) at the port site and the subdiaphragmatic space, while the control group did not receive any local anesthetic. The primary outcome measure was the visual analog pain score at 6, 12, 24 and 48hrs postoperatively.

 

Results: Among 60 patients, the majority were female- 40(66.7%); and 40-50 years age group. The two groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, ASA, BMI and duration of pneumoperitoneum and surgery. Infiltration of a local anesthetic agent produced effective postoperative analgesia in the immediate postoperative hours  (6, 12 and 24 hours) and was found to be statistically significant when compared to the no-local anesthesia group.

 

Conclusion: The intraoperative port site and subdiaphragmatic local infiltration is effective at reducing postoperative pain in the first 12 hours without any adverse events.
A Comparison of Trend Models for Predicting Tea Production in Bangladesh
Authors: Das K. R. , Sultana N. , Karmokar P. K. , Hasan M. N.
Published: December 2022

Background: Tea (Camellia sinensis) is a manufactured popular beverage that is mostly consumed around the globe including Bangladesh. Tea consumptions are increasing day by day due to its healthcare effects in the world as well as in Bangladesh. To meet the ever-growing population’s demand in Bangladesh, it is important to predict the production of tea.

Objective: Although it is found in the literatures that studies have examined different trend models for tea and agricultural crops, no such study has been found to choose best trend model for predicting the production of tea in Bangladesh. Therefore, an attempt is made to identify the best trend model based on different model selection criterion for the prediction of tea production in Bangladesh.

Materials and Methods: Six trend models namely linear, logarithmic, inverse, quadratic, cubic, and compound were applied on tea production dataset (1976 to 2020) collected from the Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database (FAOSTAT) website. For justification of the model, different model section criteria have been checked.

Results: The results showed that the compound trend model is the most suitable among considered trend models for predicting the tea production in Bangladesh. Finally, the yearly growth rate of tea production for the period from1976 to 2020 found the compound growth rate of tea production in Bangladesh as 1.02 per year. It is important to note that for the next five years, forecasted increasing rate could be 4840.91 tonnes for the yearly tea production of Bangladesh. Furthermore, remarkable increased progresses of production have been noticed as 23585.7 and 21691.01 tonnes, respectively for the years 2019 and 2020 by the re-estimated model due to the proper nourishing and maintaining the input supply chain from government ends. 

Conclusion: In the respect of the growing demand, the best-fitted trend model applied herewith through outlier checking and related sophisticated justification tools on the tea production area could help to accumulate knowledge for the practitioner.
Social and Environmental Accountabilities of the Nepalese Cell Phone Operators
Authors: Dahal Rewan Kumar , Ghimire Binod , Rai Bharat
Published: December 2022

Background: Social and environmental accountabilities are the ideas of individuals/organisations working for society to maintain economic and environmental equilibrium. Society's perception of organizations is shaped by how they report on their social and environmental effects.

 

Objective: This study aimed to examine the impression of social and environmental indicators concerning organizational performance from the perspective of the customers of Nepalese mobile phone service providers.

 

Materials and Methods: The study employed a stratified non-probability sampling technique and collected primary data from 329 GSM users of the Nepalese cell phone operator companies with an organised survey questionnaire. The survey questionnaire contained 17 questions about demographic and general information, social and environmental impressions, and organisational performance. The study variables' questions were organised with a 6-point Likert-type scale and employed structural equation modelling and path analysis to get the study's objective.

 

Results: Two observed variables out of five within the social performance (β = 0.812, p < 0.01) and all four observed variables within the environmental performance (β = 0.972, p < 0.01) significantly contributed to social and environmental performance. The social and environmental performance with six observable and two latent variables had a substantial influence (β = 0.877, p < 0.01) on organisational performance.

 

Conclusions:  The study presents a new subjective lens and an approach for recognising, analysing, and spreading social and environmental impacts. It expands the scope of performance evaluation by focusing on social and environmental variables generally overlooked by businesses, particularly in Nepal.

 

Limitations/Recommendations: This analysis was limited to GSM service and based on primary data by covering a single-dimensional performance metric. The study's outcomes can generate opportunities for building more appropriate non-financial performance metrics impacting organisational performance.

 

Originality: This paper has not been published elsewhere.
Upravljački prioriteti političkog odlučivanja: analiza procesnih ciljeva hrvatskih javnih politika
Authors: Kekez Anka , Munta Mario
Published: December 2022

Uspješnost javnih politika nerijetko se procjenjuje na temelju njihovih ishoda, što podrazumijeva ocjenu djelotvornosti u postizanju zadanih ciljeva. Međutim, važna karika u uzročnom lancu koji povezuje društvene probleme s jedne strane i rezultate s druge strane jest upravljanje procesom stvaranja javnih politika. Prepoznajući važnost procesnog aspekta političkog odlučivanja za uspješnost javnih politika, rad nastoji otkriti koje vrste upravljačkih prioriteta postoje u Hrvatskoj. Na temelju tematske analize procesnih ciljeva javnih politika u 11 hrvatskih strateških dokumenata, rad pokazuje kako dokumenti predviđaju niz upravljačkih zadaća počevši od donošenja temeljnih konstitutivnih odluka o osnovnim načelima i strukturama za stvaranje javnih politika, preko aktivnosti kojima se usmjerava oblikovanje politikâ pa sve do praktičnog upravljanja procesom provedbe planiranih aktivnosti. U dokumentima hrvatskih javnih politika, pritom, znatno dominira potonji skup aktivnosti pa najveći broj procesnih ciljeva kao prioritete postavlja one vezane uz osiguranje uvjeta i operativnih procedura za provedbu politikâ te upravljanje međuorganizacijskim i međuljudskim odnosima.
Effectiveness of Electric field on Wound Curative Process: A Study
Authors: Goswami Vinyas , Goswami Nilaksha , Sharma Srikant
Published: December 2022

Electric field has great influence in wound healing process, the current study was present the effect of electric field’s effect on wound healing processing in plant, in present study, we have taken two experimental plants 1. Control plant and 2 Experimental plants. In experiment plant, we create wound and analyse the effect of electric field’s effect. It is to be noted that equally grown plants were taken to carry out this study. According to our study D.C., electric field was more affected during the healing process effect as comparable to A.C.  Ultimately, it is experiential that the inspired convoluted reconciles rapidly in contrast to the regulator assemblage.
Elderly Women’s Lifestyle Management in Old Age Homes
Authors: Prajapati Atul Kumar
Published: December 2022

Old age is a universal and inevitable phenomenon in life. It assigns to a multidimensional procedure of mental, physical, psychological and social-economy changes. Low physical ability, the decline in mental capacity, gradual role-playing in socio-economic activities and change in status of economic dependence refer to a phase of elderly human life. The elderly are known as "dark" not because the illumination fails to shine, but because the elderly refuse to see it. There have been many changes in recent years that have impacted society in various fields social, financial and then elderly female lifestyle management have changed, some with better and some with negative consequences. In general, the population continues to benefit and most of the younger or newly generation has been able to realize their dreams, goals and develop their careers in a better way than before. However, older women face certain to different problems as a result of social change. The transition from conventional and additional modes of life to more contemporary patterns, which frequently call for compromise and acceptance, reflects this. One of these contains old age homes. Thus, most elderly women in old age homes are not very happy, because they are in isolation. Unfortunately, children are unable to arrive on time when parents fall ill or even die in old age homes. But some older women feel comfortable with the freedom and friendly atmosphere at old age homes with other elders who keep them company, enjoying time with TV, games and gossip. They show some detachment from family members and feel more secure in old age homes and avoid restricted lives with their children. In the present age, the life of elderly women is full of problems for both themselves and their children. Lucky people depart with satisfaction and peace of mind, while others leave an unhappy state of mind. Meanwhile, old age homes have become part of our social system.
A Review: Nanofertilizers for the Biofortification and Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Shyamal Mondal
Published: December 2022

Improving nutritional efficiency (NUE) by endangering environmental quality has been a centralissue for agricultural food production (FPS) programs in order to sustain the growing population.Nanotechnology with nanoscale inputs for the production of nano agri-inputs (NAIPs) has alreadyemerged as an important solution to address the problem of low or moderate nutrient utilization withminimal environmental impact. Recently, a few new hybrid nanofertilizer (HNF) formulations have beendeveloped for biofortification and sustainable agriculture. Urea-modified hydroxyapatite was reported,which is a rich source of nitrogen, calcium, and phosphate. Gehan Amaratunga of the University ofCambridge has stated, “such fertilizers could reduce runoff and lead to harmful algal blooms in waterbodies”. The NAE (N Agronomic use Efficiency) for the urea-HA nanohybrids is 48%, while the NAEfor pure urea is 18%, at the field level. However, these fertilizers are expensive and have not been shownto be commercially viable up to date. Recently, nanoparticles such as copper, iron, and zinc wereincorporated into urea-modified hydroxyapatite to further increase the efficiency of the proposed fertilizer.
Pod Yield Production Among Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivars in South Carolina
Authors: Anco D.J. , Hiers J.B.
Published: December 2022

The objective of this work was to compare peanut yield production potential for runner and Virginia market type cultivars in South Carolina. Cultivar selection decisions are integrally linked to pod yield production potential of a planted field and are often based on available historic and recent yield data. To aid farmers in this process, 24 and 27 field experiments were conducted in South Carolina between 2015 and 2020 for runner and Virginia type cultivars, respectively, to examine yield production potential. Top grouping runner type cultivars consisted of Georgia-16HO, FloRun 331, TUFRunner 297, and Georgia-12Y. Virginia type cultivars within the statistical grouping with the greatest yield included Walton and Bailey II. Total sound mature kernels among runner type cultivars was greatest for Georgia-16HO and Georgia-06G, followed by TUFRunner 297, Georgia-14N, TUFRunner 511, and Georgia-18RU. Virginia type cultivars did not significantly vary with regard to total sound mature kernels in this study. Results generated from this work may be useful as a reference to help inform cultivar selection decisions.
Response to Drought Stress in a Subset of the U.S. Peanut Mini-core Evaluated in Oklahoma, Texas, and Virginia
Authors: Bennett R.S. , Burow M.D. , Balota M. , Chagoya J. , Sarkar S. , Sung C.-J. , Payton M.E. , Wang N. , Payton P. , Chamberlin K.D. , Mornhinweg D.W.
Published: December 2022

In many parts of the world, limited water and climate change are significant challenges to the future of peanut production, and much work remains in developing heat- and drought-tolerant cultivars. To this end, we evaluated 21 accessions of the U.S. peanut mini-core under water-limited conditions in 2018 and 2019 in Oklahoma, Texas, and Virginia. These accessions were identified as potentially exhibiting phenotypic extremes for ten drought stress traits, and therefore may be useful for identifying genetic markers associated with drought tolerance. Results indicated that plant wilting and paraheliotropism (leaf folding) were less affected by genotype by environment interactions than SCMR (SPAD chlorophyll meter readings), flower counts, yield, TSMK (total sound mature kernels), and seed weight. No differences among genotypes were observed with canopy temperature, canopy temperature depression, or NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index). Paraheliotropism was moderately correlated (|r| = 0.40 to 0.52, P < 0.01) with SCMR and flower counts in the Southwest; SCMR was also correlated with yield and TSMK (r = 0.48, P < 0.01). Despite environmental differences between subhumid Virginia and the semiarid Southwest, the locations shared genotypes at the extremes for most traits. This information may be useful for future studies by highlighting traits associated with drought tolerance that may be more stable in different production environments, as well as divergent genotypes for those traits.
A Note on the Development of an In-Tube Growth System to Study Pod-specific Responses of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)
Authors: Peper A. , Wiley N. , Liu A. , Brenneman T. , Yang L.
Published: December 2022

As a geocarpic plant, the fruits of peanut are matured below ground. Developing pods share a similar nutritional and microbial environment as roots, albeit they have distinct physiology and responses to environmental stimuli. Separating pods and roots into different environments to study a pod-specific or a root specific response to stimuli is still technically challenging. Research was conducted to develop an easy and affordable system to support the growth of individual pods in a controlled environment that is separate from roots, named the In-Tube Growth (ITG) system. The data indicate that the growth of pods of various varieties in ITG is comparable to those in open soil. The ITG system was used to investigate the defects caused by calcium deficiency in the geocarposphere, demonstrating it as a useful system for studying pod development and their responses to biotic or abiotic stresses.
Genotypic, Temporal, and Tissue-type Effects on the Incidence of Tomato spotted wilt virus in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Tseng Y-C. , Tillman B.L. , Rowland D.L. , Dufault N. , Wang J.
Published: December 2022

Spotted wilt, caused by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), is one of the major diseases affecting peanut production in the southeastern United States. Growers use integrated disease management to control spotted wilt; however, disease resistance of a cultivar is the most important factor for managing this disease. This research evaluated genotypic, temporal, and tissue-type effects on the incidence of TSWV on each of four peanut cultivars. Four different types of tissues (leaf, root crown, old leaf and young leaf) were collected from each of four peanut cultivars (Florida-EPTM ‘113’, Florida-07, Georgia Green and Georgia Valencia) at five time points during the growing season. Immunoassays were conducted to detect viral presence. The incidence of TSWV infection increased over time during the growing season. Root crown tissue had higher infection than other types of tissue. Florida-EPTM ‘113’ had the lowest infection incidence. Compared to Florida-EPTM ‘113’, Florida-07 was seven times more likely to be infected by TSWV, while Georgia Green and Georgia Valencia possessed even higher probability, 18 times and 21 times higher, respectively. Florida-EPTM ‘113’ had significantly reduced TSWV infection likely due to slowing movement of the virus throughout the plant.
WHERE IS THE SYSTEM OF EUROPEAN SCHOOL PHYSICAL EDUCATION HEADING? CONTENT-BASED TENDENCIES OF ITS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Skalski Dariusz
Published: December 2022

У статті представлено авторське бачення тенденцій розвитку системи фізичного виховання в школах країн Європейського Союзу. На основі аналізу наукових джерел та особистого досвіду роботи у сфері фізичного виховання автор визначає такі тенденції: орієнтованість на студента (визнання потреб учнів як пріоритетних), важливість як процесу, так і  результатів навчання (увага приділяється як процесу набуття компетенцій з фізичного виховання, так і продукту навчальної діяльності учнів), регулярність (регулярна фізична активність у закладах формальної та неформальної освіти), збільшення кількості обов’язкових уроків фізичної культури у школі, динамізм (врахуван-ня думки суб’єктів фізичного виховання при визначенні його змісту та форм), орієнтація на набуття компетентностей, необхідних для учнів протягом усього життя, та інноваційність (постійний пошук нових шляхів підвищення ефективності фізичного виховання). Проаналізовані тенденції відповідають потребам розвитку сучасної системи освіти в школі, однак, запровадження деяких із них може викликати супротив шкільної влади та вчителів інших предметів. Крім того, пандемія з її гіподинамією та постійними стресами, які вплинули на фізичне та психічне здоров’я людей, стала викликом для розвитку системи фізичного виховання у європейських школах. Є очевидним, що шкільні дисципліни орієнтовані на вивчення матеріалу, пропагуючи «фізичну підготов-ку», а не фізичний розвиток дитини. Автор робить висновок, що зміна став-лення до системи фізичного виховання в школі може стати одним із най-ефективніших способів розвитку у європейців культури збереження свого фізичного та психічного здоров’я та турботи про довкілля.

 

Ключові слова: тенденція розвитку, система фізичного виховання в школі, орієнтованість на студента, результати навчання, компетентності, динамізм та інноваційність.
EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES FOR PERSONALIZED UTONOMOUS LANGUAGE LEARNING INTENSIFICATION AT UNIVERSITIES OF CANADA AND THE USA
Authors: Lavrysh Yuliana , Lytovchenko Iryna
Published: December 2022

У статті представлений огляд сучасних освітніх стратегій для форму-вання вмінь індивідуалізованого автономного навчання в університетах Канади та США. Розробка навчальних стратегій для автономної індивідуа-лізації – це складне багатогранне педагогічне завдання, яке спрямоване на реалізацію ефективної організації самостійної самоосвітньої діяльності студентів. На основі аналізу літератури та навчальної документації було визначено, що портфоліо, самооцінювіання та центри самонавчання вважаю-ться найбільш ефективними для реалізації індивідуалізованого навчання, особливо для вивчення іноземних мов. На основі здійсненого аналізу зарубіжних наукових джерел виявлено специфіку трактування зарубіжними дослідниками понять «індивідуалізація», «персоналізація», «диференціація». Дослідження зарубіжного досвіду впровадження індивідуалізації навчання в освітній прос-тір дало можливість окреслити коло трактувань зазначеного поняття, про-аналізувати ґенезу розвитку поняття «індивідуалізація навчання», визначити дидактичні умови та підходи до впровадження індивідуалізації. Встановлено плюралізм підходів до перекладу понять «індивідуалізація навчання» та «нав-чальна автономія», які функціонують у наукових працях зарубіжних дослідни-ків. Визначено, що індивідуалізація полягає в задоволенні особливих освітніх потреб кожного студента шляхом спеціально організованої форми навчання і передбачає повне самоуправління студентами своїм навчанням відповідно до особистої мети й завдань.

 

Ключові слова: індивідуалізоване навчання, навчальна автономія, вивчення іноземної мови, самооцінювання, інтерактивне оцінювання.
LEARNING OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN NEW SPAIN: FIRST NAHUATL GRAMMARS (16th century)
Authors: Zhizhko Elena , De la Cruz Delfina
Published: December 2022

У роботі представлені результати історико-педагогічного дослідження, метою якого було визначення основних ознак процесу створення граматик корінних мов у Новій Іспанії XVI століття. Ці граматики служили для вивчення зазначених мов з ціллю євангелізації корінних народів. Результати дослідження були отримані шляхом документально-бібліографічного дослідження та за підтримки постулатів місіонерської лінгвістики. Автори виявили, що всебічний аналіз американських мов починається з прибуттям іспанців у Новий Світ. Наприкінці XVI ст. вже існували граматики всіх загальних мов колонії, включаючи кілька граматик мови нагуатль. Процес створення перших словни-ків, граматик та інших текстів на американських мовах, а також їх детальне вивчення розпочинається в обставинах наукової обробки європейських діалек-тів (так званих «вульгарних» мов). Народження посібників з нагуатля, отомі, сапотека тощо збігається з появою граматик тосканської, іспанської, арагон-ської, французької мов, а також мови санскриту, турецької, китайської, япон-ської, арабської та багатьох інших мов. Автори виділяють такі ознаки проце-су створення граматик американських мов: застосування доктринальної моде-лі аналізу мов іспанського лінгвіста Антоніо де Небріхи; спирання на попередні дослідження; використання іспанської мови як метамови; створення не існую-чих раніше граматичних та лексичних форм; розробка місіонерської версії мови нагуатль; використання контрастивного методу із уведенням інших мов (так званих довідкових мов: латинської, іспанської, івриту, грецької).

 

Ключові слова: лінгвістична освіта в Новій Іспанії XVI століття; вивчення мов корінних народів; перші граматики мови нагуатль; аналіз американських мов католицькими місіонерами; місіонерська лінгвістика.
The status of art in the modern digital space
Authors: Olenina O. , Protsenko O. , Pichuhina Y.
Published: December 2022

The article examines the status of art in the digital space that is based on the study of technologically determined changes in the three main vectors of the system: production, consumption and circulation of art. In this context, the research task related to the definition of aspects of transformation and diversification of the art system in the formation of digital culture of modern society is relevant and scientifically determined, which ultimately gives us an understanding of the status of art in modern digital space. The multifaceted nature of the proposed research topic foresees the use of approaches of a number of humanities disciplines, first of all art history, culturology, social communications and philosophy. The authors found out how the process of artistic creation, the nature of artistic communication, the means of presentation and promotion of an artistic product, and the mechanisms of its consumption are changing in the conditions of society digitalization.
Trends of unification and originality of reality shows in the cultural space of Ukraine
Authors: Zhukov V.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the article is to analyze the causes and consequences of the unification of reality shows in the cultural space of Ukraine.

The research methodology is based on a cultural approach to the study of the latest television morphology. The article discusses the main levels at which the trend of unification of reality shows in the Ukrainian TV-Internet space takes place. The article is complemented by an art history analysis of the features of reality shows as the latest morphological formation of a tool for embodying changes in the structure of the narrative by a modern viewer. An analysis of the consequences of the reality show unification trend in the context of post-postmodern culture is presented. Sociocultural changes are revealed in the structure of the viewer’s vision of real life through the prism of a reality show. The convergence of heroes and characters of a reality show is analyzed as a result of unification and changes in the structure of recipients’ thinking. The origi-nality of modern Ukrainian reality shows is noted, most of which have a social orientation, tell about the life, characters of Ukrainians, their dreams and goals based on ethno-cultural traditions.

The scientific novelty lies in revealing the levels of unification and originality of Ukrainian reality shows, the manifestations of unification and originality trends in the cultural space of Ukraine are highlighted.

Conclusions. The reality show takes on the functions of a tool for ensuring the interpenetration of cultures and at the same time broadcasting domestic cultural codes to the global world. The reality show is a reflection and at the same time an element that forms post-postmodern culture, perceiving, transmitting and using its phenomena, new forms and meanings.
Soirées musicales, Op. 6 by Clara Schumann: compositional and dramaturgical principles of the cycle
Authors: Nikolenko R.
Published: December 2022

The relevance of the article. Clara Wieck-Schumann is one of the most famous female composers today, an outstanding artist of the XIX century. A significant amount of musicological researches has been devoted to her performance and compositional activities, and the recognized interpreter of the music of Robert and Clara Schumann, the Belgian pianist Joseph de Benhouwer, recorded all of her piano opuses. However, some certain issues related to the specifics of C. Schumann’s compositional work still require scientific research.

The purpose of the article. Determination of the specifics of the compositional and dramaturgical solution of the program cycle of C. Schumann’s piano miniatures Soirées musicales, Op.6, which turns out to be one of the bright examples of this genre in the artist’s work and currently requires a comprehensive scientific research.

The methodology. It is based on an integrative approach, and involves the use of analytical, systematic, structural-functional, comparative and inductive methods.

The results. The cycle of piano miniatures Soirées musicales, Op. 6 is distinguished not only by its scale but also by its more pronounced programming. Unlike the other two piano cycles by C. Schumann, namely Quatre pièces characteristiques Op. 5, Quatre pièces fugitives Op. 15, which are rather a collection of diverse pieces united only by a common name, Op. 6 shows a certain dramaturgical line of development. The dramaturgy of the cycle is united with the help of a tonal arch, which is formed by a common tonality for 1 and 6 pieces. The miniatures represented in the cycle are quite diverse in their figurative structure.

Conclusions. Among the important compositional and dramaturgical principles of building a cycle are the unification of diverse material from a thematic point of view with the help of intonation relationships or certain rhythmic formulas, comparison within miniatures of the same tonality, in which the middle sections of the form are usually written, stand out.

The practical significance. The material of the article can be used in the further study of the specifics of C. Schumann’s compositional style, as well as in the study of the artist’s works in special piano classes, passing theoretical courses on the history of music and analysis of musical works.
The Formation of the Criteria, Rules and Regulations of the Sufficient and High-Quality Food According to the European Standards
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Babych M.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Introduction. Modern food systems face the challenge of supporting food choices that are consistent with a healthy and adequate diet. The vast majority of consumers of food products do not choose the principle of quality � the choice is made in favor of lower cost (low nutrient content), readiness of the product for consumption (high processing and trans fat content) or taste (high sugar, salt, etc.). At the same time, poor nutrition around the world is the number one risk factor for death and disability. Purpose. To study the criteria of the sufficient and high-quality food based on the norms and standards according to the European standards at different levels. Results. The article examines the indicators of calorie consumption per capita, daily calorie reserve per person, the minimum daily calorie requirement, inequality in calorie consumption per capita in the world. The key drivers of the impact of the level of nutrition on the quality of life have been identified: a healthy diet; unhealthy diet and lack of physical activity are the main global health risks, especially obesity; breastfeeding; balanced energy consumption; restriction of sugar consumption (up to 10%) and salt (up to 5 g per day). The WHO data and recommendations on ensuring a healthy diet for adults and children are summarized. The effective actions of politicians to create a healthy food environment have been identified, which should include three interrelated areas: building coherence in national policies and investment plans, including trade, food and agricultural policies; encouraging consumer demand for healthy food; promoting appropriate feeding practices for infants and young children; and tools for their implementation at the national level were systematized. WHO�s healthy eating policies and programs for national governments and related healthy eating policies and programs in Ukraine were described. Conclusions. A healthy diet from birth and throughout life prevents malnutrition in all its forms, as well as a number of non-communicable diseases. However, increased production and consumption of processed foods, rapid urbanization and lifestyle changes have led to changes in diets. People now consume significantly more foods high in energy, fat, sugar and salt / sodium. At the same time many people do not consume enough fruits, vegetables and whole grains, which contain the necessary fiber, vitamins and minerals for the human body. The required content of a varied, balanced and healthy diet varies depending on individual characteristics (age, gender, lifestyle and level of physical activity), cultural context, local products and eating habits. Along with this the basic principles of healthy nutrition remain unchanged.
World Experience in Regulating External Debt in Conditions of Financial and Economic Instability
Authors:   Vasyl� Stus Donetsk National University, Kukel Galina
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Introduction. This article is devoted to the state of public global public debt and new approaches towards its regulation in both developed and developing countries. The theoretical and methodological bases of effective external debt management are considered in the paper. Globalization of the world economy and finance has led to increasing of funds raised in the international debt market and strengthened its part in the system of world finance. Purpose. The subject of this research is public debt in different groups of countries. Analysis of the situation with global public debt and the peculiarities of its regulation is necessary to learn positive foreign experience for its possible application. The following factors of significant increase of public debt are outlined: severe reduction of economic activity and decline in government revenue; increase of public spending, including related to anti-crisis measures; growing primary deficit, and this, the need to increase borrowings. The countries with low and middle income additionally face significant capital outflows from their financial markets, devaluation of national currencies, and difficulties with debt refinancing. Results. The article examines the problem of the external debts growth of different countries, dynamics and modern structure of the global external debts and efforts made by the international institutions and national regulators in order to tighten control over operations in the international debt market. The author comes to conclusion that an aggravation of the problem of external debts globalization hampers the restoration of stability and sustainable growth of the modern world economy. The main tasks performed in the process of public debt management are determined. The means of debt management, in particular, the mechanisms for restructuring public debts, are determined. The paper reviews the organizations involved in the restructuring of public debt. Conclusions. The obtained results can be used for further prospective studies of external debt management mechanisms taking into account world practice, as well as for the implementation of debt policy instruments in the crisis period.
Investigation of different lighting (LED, HPS and FLO) in aquaponics systems for joint production of different plants (Lettuce, Parsley and Cress) and koi carp
Authors: Memiş Devrim , Tunçelli Gökhan , Tınkır Merve , Erk Mehmet Hakan
Published: December 2022

We investigated the effects of growth performance of three plant species parsley (Petroselinum crispum), lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and cress (Lepidium sativum) under the three different lighting sources, Light-Emitting Diode lamp (LED; 200w), High-Pressure Sodium lamp (HPS; 200w) and Fluorescent lamp (FLO; 200w) in an aquaponic system. A total number of 43 koi fish (Cyprinus carpio var. koi) with 3628 g total biomass (84.4 g per individual) were used. The fish used in the experiment recorded 36% growth and reached an average individual weight of 132.7 g at the end of the experiment. The parsley plant was measured as 8.76 ±7.32 g; 7.45 ±4.13 g; 2.04 ±1.96 g weight after 45 days, the lettuce plant was 54.09 ± 25.60 g; 60.83 ±19.39 g; 17.81 ±6.40 g weight after 54 days, cress plant was 1.03 ±0.58 g; 1.15 ±0.46 g; 1.31 ±0.58 g weight after 42 days, under the HPS, LED, and FLO light sources, respectively. HPS and LED light sources in lettuce and parsley showed better plant development than the FLO, while no significant difference occurred in cress plants under three light conditions. We conclude that using HPS or LED lights in indoor aquaponics has the potential to produce good quality and adequate amounts of plants.
A preliminary life history traits analysis of sharks in the Sea of Marmara (Türkiye), where deoxygenation and habitat deterioration are raising concerns
Authors: Kabasakal Hakan , Sakınan Serdar , Lipej Lovrenc , Ivajnšič Danijel
Published: December 2022

Life history traits of 17 species of sharks occurring in the Sea of Marmara were analysed based on Gower’s distances, Principal Coordinate Analyses, and hierarchical clustering. The analysis shows that the sharks of the Sea of Marmara can ecologically be divided into several clusters. The increasing occurrence of sharks on the Marmara continental shelf, especially in the last few years, suggests that the expected habitat compression due to deoxygenation has begun to take place. This situation, which can be considered as a “habitat trap” for sharks, should be considered as a threat that may lead to shark mortalities due to the intensification of bycatches or even the intentional killing of sharks. Available results are sufficient to predict a disturbing future for sharks of the Sea of Marmara if the factors (deoxygenation, habitat loss, bycatch, etc.) threatening the overall ecosystem do not improve.
Investigation of microbiological quality of powdered infant formulas and their suitability for formula preparation recommendations
Authors: Esin Kübra , Toğay Sinem Özmen
Published: December 2022

The present study aimed to investigate the microbiological quality of powdered infant formulas on sale in Turkey and to assess the compliance of the preparation instructions recommended by the formula companies with the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO). In the study, 36 powdered infant formulas belonging to 10 different companies were analysed regarding the presence of Cronobacter sakazakii, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, coliform and faecal coliform, mould-yeast, total mesophilic aerobic bacteria counts. C. sakazakii was detected in two of the examined formula samples. At various levels, B. cereus in nine, S. auerus in four, coliform bacteria in 10 and faecal coliform bacteria in eight of the formula samples were found and these identified values were discovered above the legal limits. When the compliance of the preparation instructions recommended by the formula companies with the WHO guidelines was evaluated, the instruction requiring the water temperature to be >70°C, which is critical in the control of C. sakazakii, was not included in the preparation instructions of any formula companies. Although the microbiological quality of the formulas was determined by the legal limits, it was observed that the targeted microbiological quality could not be reached in some of the examined formula samples and the instructions prepared by the companies may not be adequate for the food safety.
The application of blends of bambaranut and millet vegetable milk in the development of plant-based yoghurt analogues: Proximate composition, physiochemical properties, microbial safety and consumer’s acceptability
Authors: Elechi Jasper Okoro Godwin , Abu Joseph Oneh , Eke Mike Ojotu
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to produce plant-based yoghurt analogues from the blends of Bambaranut and millet milk. Yoghurt samples were produced from blends of Bambaranut milk and millet milk using Streptococcus thermophillus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus as starter cultures. Yoghurt samples were subjected to chemical, microbiological and organoleptic assessment. The results of the chemical analysis revealed moisture, protein, ash, fat, fibre, carbohydrates and energy contents ranged from 87.61-78.26%, 6.85-3.68%, 0.76-0.59%, 2.70-1.81%, 0.34-0.26%,12.88- 5.60 and 92.94-57.50% respectively Total solids of between 12.39 and 21.74% were obtained with titratable acidity of 0.21, 0.65, 0.21, 0.23, 0.23, 0.25, 0.30 and 0.90%, respectively. The syneresis of the samples ranged from 40.28 to 18.90% while all the samples showed fairly acidic levels. A viscosity of between 250 and 784cp was obtained. The microbiological examination revealed an acceptable level for all the samples. There were observable significant differences in terms of overall acceptability, taste, and flavour between cow milk yoghurt and the yoghurt analogues.
Community nutrition in disasters and nutrition plan for vulnerable groups
Authors: Güden Rumeysa Ayşe , Borlu Arda
Published: December 2022

Disasters increase the psychological and physiological vulnerability of individuals. Restriction of food resources, restriction of access to food resources by armed forces, deterioration of transportation and marketing systems, and increasing economic damage cause serious food shortages in disaster areas. In disasters, it is very difficult for individuals to plant or collect crops. In addition, there is serious pressure on the supply of seeds, pesticides, fertilizers, and irrigation systems in the disaster area. In disasters, inadequate nutrition of the individual under the recommended amount of energy increases the susceptibility to infection. As a result of this situation, both the frequency and severity of infectious diseases increase in society and the recovery period of individuals is prolonged. It is very important to prepare a disaster nutrition plan in order to protect and maintain the health of the disaster survivor society and the vulnerable groups within the society. In this study, the nutrition of the population in disasters and the nutrition plan for vulnerable groups were examined.
Phytochemical profile and pharmaceutical properties of mulberry fruits
Authors: Özbalcı Demircan , Aydın Ebru , Özkan Gülcan
Published: December 2022

The fruits of Morus species from the Mulberry family (Moraceae) are traditionally consumed widely due to their positive effects on health. The interest about its health effect are increasing due to its rich content of bioactive components (flavonol, anthocyanin, flavanonol, phenolic acids, alkaloids), minerals (potassium, calcium, sodium, and magnesium), vitamins (vitamin B1 and folic acid), oils (linoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid) and melatonin. In vitro and in vivo studies indicated that the fruits have positive health effects such as anti-diabetic, antioxidant, neuroprotective, hypolipidemic, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antiparkinsonian, anti-tumor/anti-cancer, antimicrobial and immune-enhancing effects due to the bioactive components. In addition, mulberry fruit are traditionally consumed for their diabetes, hypertension, liver, kidney damage, and eye improvement effects. However, there is only limited clinical studies about the pharmacological properties of mulberry fruits whereas more in vitro research are present. In this review, the phytochemical profile, in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties of Morus alba, Morus rubra, and Morus nigra fruits were investigated.
Türk Komutanı İhtiyârüddin Muhammed’in Bengal Bölgesinin Fethi ve Buna dair Tabakat-ı Nasıri’deki Rivayetlerin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: FUAD Abdur Rahman
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmanın ele alınma sebebi, Türk kumandanı İhtiyârüddin Muhammed tarafından Bengal bölgesinin fethi, ardından aynı döneme denk gelen Minhac-i Sirâc tarafından buna dair kaleme aldığı kaynağın, bazı hususi bilgilerinin yeniden değerlendirilmesidir. Mesela; on sekiz süvari ile İhtiyarüddin’in Bengal bölgesinin fethi, fethi anında kral Lakshmana Sena’nın saraydan kaçtığına dair bilgisi, Bengal askerlerinin kaleyi müslüman askerlerine müdafaasiz teslim etmeleri gibi bazı önemli noktalar burada yer almaktadır. Bunun gibi hususların günümüz bilimsel araştırma açısından incelenmesi gerekir. Çünkü Minhac-i Sirâc’ın aktardığı bilgiler çok kısa, bazen tarihi bilgilere aykırı ve bazen de mantıksız olduğu için araştırmacılar zorlanmaktadır. Ayrıca bu Tabakat’taki Bengal’in fethiyle ilgili cildi farklı dillerde tercüme edilmemesi ve Türkçe bir çalışmanın olmaması bize bu çalışmayı ele alma fırsatı vermiştir. Öte yandan, Tabakat-ı Nasıri’nin çeşitli dillerde tercümeleri bulunmasına rağmen bu bölgeye dair bilgileri incelemekten kaçınması da, bu araştırmanın bir diğer odak noktasıdır. Yukarıda beyan edilen noktalar neticesinde nitel araştırma yöntemleri takip edilerek konu incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca konuya dair çeşitli kaynaklardan faydalanılarak çalışma farklı yorumlarla zenginleştirilmiştir.