bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Refolding and simultaneous purification of recombinant human proinsulin from inclusion bodies on protein‐folding liquid‐chromatography columns
Authors: Yuan Jie , Zhou Huifang , Yang Yicong , Li Weimin , Wan Yi , Wang Lili
Published: November 2014

Protein‐folding liquid chromatography (PFLC) is an effective and scalable method for protein renaturation with simultaneous purification. However, it has been a challenge to fully refold inclusion bodies in a PFLC column. In this work, refolding with simultaneous purification of recombinant human proinsulin (rhPI) from inclusion bodies from Escherichia coli were investigated using the surface of stationary phases in immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) and high‐performance size‐exclusion chromatography (HPSEC). The results indicated that both the ligand structure on the surface of the stationary phase and the composition of the mobile phase (elution buffer) influenced refolding of rhPI. Under optimized chromatographic conditions, the mass recoveries of IMAC column and HPSEC column were 77.8 and 56.8% with purifies of 97.6 and 93.7%, respectively. These results also indicated that the IMAC column fails to refold rhPI, and the HPSEC column enables efficient refolding of rhPI with a low‐urea gradient‐elution method. The refolded rhPI was characterized by circular dichroism spectroscopy. The molecular weight of the converted human insulin was further confirmed with SDS–18% PAGE, Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption/ Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS) and the biological activity assay by HP‐RPLC. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development and validation of UHPLC‐MS/MS assay for rapid determination of a carvone Schiff base of isoniazid (CSB‐INH) in rat plasma: application to pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Iqbal Muzaffar , Bhat Mashooq A. , Shakeel Faiyaz
Published: November 2014

In this study, a fast UHPLC‐MS/MS method was developed and validated for the determination of a novel potent carvone Schiff base of isoniazid (CSB‐INH) in rat plasma using carbamazepine as an internal standard (IS). After a single‐step protein precipitation by acetonitrile, CSB‐INH and IS were separated on an Acquity BEHTM C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) under an isocratic mobile phase, consisting of acetonitrile: 10 mM ammonium acetate (95:5, v/v), at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Quantification was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer in multiple reactions monitoring mode by using positive electrospray ionization source. The precursor to product ion transitions were set at m/z 270.08 → 79.93 for CSB‐INH and m/z 237.00 → 178.97 for IS. The proposed method was validated in compliance with US Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency guidelines for bioanalytical method validation. The method was found to be linear in the range of 0.35–2500 ng/mL (r2 ≥ 0.997) with a lower limit of quantification of 0.35 ng/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐day precision values were ≤12.0% whereas accuracy values ranged from 92.3 to 108.7%. In addition, other validation results were within the acceptance criteria and the method was successfully applied in a pharmacokinetic study of CSB‐INH in rats. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantification of an antitumor agent (copen) in rat plasma by liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and its application in a preclinical pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Zhou Huili , Zheng Yunliang , Liu Yanan , Hu Xingjiang , Wu Guolan , Shentu Jianzhong
Published: November 2014

Copen is a derivative obtained from the structural modification of osthole, which inhibits tumoral proliferation in many tumor cell lines. A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method was established for the quantification of copen in rat plasma. After a simple sample preparation procedure by one‐step protein precipitation with methanol, copen and bicalutamide (internal standard, IS) were chromatographed on a Zorbax SB‐C18 (4.6×100 mm, 1.8 µm) column with a mobile phase consisting of methanol–5 mm ammonium formate water with 0.1% formic acid (80:20, v/v). MS detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer in the multiple reaction monitoring mode with a positive eletrospray ionization source. The assay was validated in the concentration range of 51.58–20630 ng/mL, with a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 51.58 ng/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions (relative standard deviation) were ≤3.21 and ≤11.3%, respectively, with accuracy (%) in the range of 94.66–102.1%. The method was fully validated in a study of the pharmacokinetics of copen (25 mg/kg) after intragastric administration in rats. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Protonated Digermane, Distannane, and Diplumbane: Can They be Made in the Laboratory?
Authors: Guo Yundong , Hao Yanjun , Wang Hui , Xie Yaoming , Schaefer Henry F. III
Published: November 2014

DFT calculations
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Band Gap Silicon Allotropes
Authors: Wang Qianqian , Xu Bo , Sun Jian , Liu Hanyu , Zhao Zhisheng , Yu Dongli , Fan Changzeng , He Julong
Published: November 2014

Six metastable allotropes of silicon with direct or quasi‐direct band gaps of 0.39—1.25 eV are predicted by ab initio calculations at ambient pressure.
ChemInform Abstract: A Fracture‐Resistant High‐Entropy Alloy for Cryogenic Applications.
Authors: Gludovatz Bernd , Hohenwarter Anton , Catoor Dhiraj , Chang Edwin H. , George Easo P. , Ritchie Robert O.
Published: November 2014

A CrMnFeCoNi alloy is prepared by arc melting the elements and drop casting into copper molds, followed by cold forging and cross rolling at room temperature into sheets roughly 10 mm thick.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoinduced Topological Transformation in Mesoscopic Inorganic Nanoparticles: Application as a UV Sensor.
Authors: Das Santu , Thomas Preethi , Roy Soumyajit
Published: November 2014

Molybdenum blue soft‐oxometalate nanospheres are synthesized from a dispersion of heptamolybdate‐based soft‐oxometalate nanotubes by UV irradiation for 3 h.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of a New B‐Site Ordered Double Perovskite Sr2CuIrO6.
Authors: Vasala Sami , Yamauchi Hisao , Karppinen Maarit
Published: November 2014

Sr2CuIrO6 is prepared by high‐pressure synthesis using a calcined mixture of SrCO3, CuO, and IrO2 (flowing O2, 900 °C, 12 h) in the presence of KClO3 as an external O2 source to stabilize the IrVI state (cubic anvil press, 4 GPa, 900 °C, 60 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Surfactant CTAB‐Assisted Synthesis of Li1.13 [Ni0.233Mn0.534Co0.233] 0.87O2 with Festoon‐Like Hierarchical Architectures as Cathode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries with Outstanding Performance.
Authors: Hou Xianhua , Zou Xiaoli , Huang Yanling , Hu Shejun , Ru Qiang , Gao Yumei
Published: November 2014

The layered title cathode material is synthesized from mixtures of precursors (obtained by coprecipitation with Na2CO3 from aqueous solutions containing MnSO4, NiSO4, CoSO4, and different additives such as NH4OH, H2O2, or hexadecyl trimethylammonium bromide at 60 °C for 4 h) and Li2CO3 (850 °C, 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Temperature, High‐Pressure Hydrothermal Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Photoluminescent Properties, of K3 [Gd1‐xTbxGe3O8(OH)2] (x = 0, 0.3, 0.1, 1).
Authors: Liu Wei , Yang Min , Ji Ying , Liu Fuyang , Wang Ying , Wang Xiaofeng , Zhao Xudong , Liu Xiaoyang
Published: November 2014

The title compounds are hydrothermally synthesized from mixtures of KOH, GeO2, Gd(NO3)3, Tb(NO3)3, and H2O (silver tube, 100 MPa, 400 °C, 5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Chirality and Polarity in the f‐Block Borates M4 [B16O26(OH)4 (H2O)3Cl4] (M: Sm, Eu, Gd, Pu, Am, Cm, and Cf).
Authors: Polinski Matthew J. , Pace Kristen A. , Stritzinger Jared. T. , Lin Jian , Cross Justin N. , Cary Samantha K. , van Cleve Shelley M. , Alekseev Evgeny V. , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E.
Published: November 2014

The title compounds are prepared from mixtures of MCl3 (M: Sm, Eu, Gd, Pu, Am, Cm, and Cf), H3BO3, and HCl (autoclave, 240 °C, 7 d, 30—40% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Temperature‐Induced Intersite Charge Transfer Involving Cr Ions in A‐Site‐Ordered Perovskites ACu3Cr4O12 (A: La and Y).
Authors: Zhang Shoubao , Saito Takashi , Mizumaki Masaichiro , Shimakawa Yuichi
Published: November 2014

LaCu3Cr4O12 (I) and YCu3Cr4O12 (II) are prepared by high pressure reactions of Ln2O3 (Ln: La, Y), CuO, Cr2O3, and CrO2 in the molar ratio 1:6:0.5:7 (Au capsules, 9 GPa, 900 °C, 30 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of Lanthanide Ruthenium(III) Oxide Perovskites.
Authors: Sinclair Alexandra , Rodgers Jennifer A. , Topping Craig V. , Misek Martin , Stewart Ross D. , Kockelmann Winfried , Bos Jan‐Willem G. , Attfield J. Paul
Published: November 2014

A series of LnRuO3 perovskites (Ln: La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Y) is synthesized from stoichiometric mixtures of Ru, RuO2, and Ln2O3 at a pressure of 10 GPa for Ln: Pr, Nd, Sm, and 11 GPa for Ln: Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Y (1200 °C, 15 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Postsynthetic Metalation of Bipyridyl‐Containing Metal—Organic Frameworks for Highly Efficient Catalytic Organic Transformations.
Authors: Manna Kuntal , Zhang Teng , Lin Wenbin
Published: November 2014

Two new solid catalysts are synthesized via metalation of the 2,2′‐bipyridyl‐derived metal—organic framework of the UiO structure (bipy‐UiO).
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Highly Regio‐, Diastereo‐, and Enantioselective Allylic Alkylation of α‐Fluorophosphonates.
Authors: Huang Ying , Zhang Qing‐Song , Fang Ping , Chen Tie‐Gen , Zhu Jun , Hou Xue‐Long
Published: November 2014

The resulting allylic alkylation products (III) contain two adjacent stereogenic centers and three functional groups that can be easily elaborated into more complex compounds such as oxazine (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Allylation and Crotylation of N‐tert‐Butanesulfinyl Imines with Allylic Alcohols.
Authors: Barros Olga Soares do Rego , Sirvent Juan Alberto , Foubelo Francisco , Yus Miguel
Published: November 2014

A convenient protocol for the Pd‐catalyzed allylation of chiral imines with allylic alcohols to afford the corresponding products with high diastereoselectivities is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Magnesium(II)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Ring‐Opening of Meso‐Aziridines with Primary Alcohols.
Authors: Li Jun , Liao Yuting , Zhang Yulong , Liu Xiaohua , Lin Lili , Feng Xiaoming
Published: November 2014

An efficient catalytic system is found for the asymmetric ring‐opening of meso‐aziridines with different nucleophiles, e.g. aniline, water, and methanol.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed N‐Heterocycle‐Directed Cross‐Coupling of Fluorinated Arenes with Organozinc Reagents.
Authors: Xiao Sen‐Han , Xiong Yang , Zhang Xu‐Xue , Cao Song
Published: November 2014

A novel Ni‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of fluoroarenes is developed using alkyl zinc reagents in the presence of sodium.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed Regioselective Silylation of Secondary Alkyl C—H Bonds for the Synthesis of 1,3‐Diols.
Authors: Li Bijie , Driess Matthias , Hartwig John F.
Published: November 2014

A new Ir‐catalyzed intramolecular silylation of secondary alkyl C—H bonds is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of a Redox‐Free Mitsunobu Reaction Exploiting Phosphine Oxides as Precursors to Dioxyphosphoranes.
Authors: Tang Xiaoping , Chapman Charlotte , Whiting Matthew , Denton Ross
Published: November 2014

The reaction can be scaled up.
ChemInform Abstract: Antibacterial Activity of Adamantyl Substituted Cyclohexane Diamine Derivatives Against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Authors: Beena Beena , Kumar Deepak , Kumbukgolla Widuranga , Jayaweera Sampath , Bailey MaiAnn , Alling Torey , Ollinger Juliane , Parish Tanya , Rawat Diwan S.
Published: November 2014

A series of 42 of title compounds [(I) and (II), e.g.] are synthesized and tested against 29 strains of S.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Tandem Diels—Alder Reactions of Enynals/Enynones with Alkenes: Generation and Trapping of Cyclic o‐QDMs.
Authors: Zhu Shifa , Hu Lang , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: November 2014

The reaction proceeds through the trapping of cyclic o‐quinodimethane (cyclic‐o‐QDM) with electron‐deficient dienophiles [e.g. (III)] to afford unstable cyclohexene‐1,4‐diones, which can be oxidized into the 1,4‐benzoquinone on silica gel.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Allylic C—H Arylation of Alkenes with Polyfluorobenzenes.
Authors: Jiang Huanfeng , Yang Wanfei , Chen Huoji , Li Jianxiao , Wu Wanqing
Published: November 2014

An aerobic oxidative cross‐coupling reaction of alkenes with polyfluorobenzenes through Pd‐catalyzed C—H activation is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Hydrogenation of Imines over Fe and ZnO Powder in a Self‐Neutralizing Acidic CO2—H2O System.
Authors: Ma Ran , He Liang‐Nian , Song Qing‐Wen , Zhou Yue‐Biao , Liu Kai‐Xuan
Published: November 2014

Hydrogenation of imines [(I) and (III)] is accomplished using an environmentally benign process in the reversible CO2—H2O system where water is thought to be the terminal hydrogen source.
ChemInform Abstract: Mn‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Reactions of Imines/Nitriles, Grignard Reagents, and Tetrahydrofuran: An Expedient Access to 1,5‐Amino/Keto Alcohols.
Authors: He Ruoyu , Jin Xiqing , Chen Hui , Huang Zhi‐Tang , Zheng Qi‐Yu , Wang Congyang
Published: November 2014

This unusual reaction is performed in tetrahydrofuran which is split during the reaction in an unprecedented manner under conditions used, leading to the formation of two geminal C—C bonds via C—H and C—O cleavage.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Stable Aromatic and Heteroaromatic Sulfonyl‐Amidoximes and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Lipid Peroxidation Activity.
Authors: Doulou Ismini , Kontogiorgis Christos , Koumbis Alexandros E. , Evgenidou Eleni , Hadjipavlou‐Litina Dimitra , Fylaktakidou Konstantina C.
Published: November 2014

Evaluation of antioxidant activities shows that most of the compounds (III) synthesized (17 out of 28 compounds) highly compete with DMSO for hydroxyl radicals, while five of them, e.g. compounds (IIIa), (IIId) and (IIIg), inhibit lipid peroxidation.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrotrifluoromethylthiolation of α‐Diazo Esters — Synthesis of α‐SCF3 Substituted Esters.
Authors: Lefebvre Quentin , Fava Eleonora , Nikolaienko Pavlo , Rueping Magnus
Published: November 2014

The reaction of aryldiazoacetates (I) with copper trifluoromethylthiolate (II) affords desired α‐(trifluoromethylthio)esters (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Imidazolium‐Functionalized β‐Cyclodextrin as a Highly Recyclable Multifunctional Ligand in Water.
Authors: Kairouz Vanessa , Schmitzer Andreea R.
Published: November 2014

The synthesis and catalytic properties of a novel dodecyl‐imidazolium modified β‐cyclodextrin (DIC) in the Suzuki—Miyaura coupling are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of Bisphosphomide‐Palladium(II) Pincer Complex in Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reaction under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Kumaravel Maruthai , Kumar Pawan , Balakrishna Maravanji S.
Published: November 2014

The catalyst exhibits very high catalytic activity in the Suzuki—Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction of various aryl bromides with aryl boronic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzylation of Arenes with Benzyl Ethers Promoted by the in situ Prepared Superacid BF3—H2O.
Authors: Li Yu , Xiong Yan , Li Xueming , Ling Xuege , Huang Ruofeng , Zhang Xiaohui , Yang Jianchun
Published: November 2014

A wide variety of diarylmethanes is synthesized by the title reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Umpolung of Styrenes: Mechanistic Elucidation and Selective Tail‐to‐Tail Dimerization.
Authors: Schedler Michael , Wurz Nathalie E. , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Glorius Frank
Published: November 2014

The reaction between N‐heterocyclic carbenes and styrenes yields alkyl‐substituted azolium salts, which are able to form nucleophilic deoxy Breslow intermediates by simple deprotonation.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Diarylalkynes via Tandem Sonogashira/Decarboxylative Reaction of Aryl Chlorides with Propiolic Acid.
Authors: Li Xiang , Yang Fan , Wu Yangjie
Published: November 2014

The simple one‐pot process provides the corresponding symmetrical diarylalkynes in low to moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization of 1,5‐Enynes with Concomitant C—C Bond Cleavage: An Unexpected Access to 3‐Formyl‐1‐indenone Derivatives.
Authors: Zhang Jian , Wu Degui , Chen Xiaoling , Liu Yunkui , Xu Zhenyuan
Published: November 2014

A novel water‐induced oxygen‐insertion/β‐carbon elimination via double oxy‐cupration is proposed to be involved in the C—C bond cleavage step.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,2,2‐Trifluoroacetophenone: An Organocatalyst for an Environmentally Friendly Epoxidation of Alkenes.
Authors: Limnios Dimitris , Kokotos Christoforos G.
Published: November 2014

2,2,2‐Trifluoroacetophenone is found to be an efficient catalyst for epoxidation of alkenes providing a mild, fast, and inexpensive formation of a wide range of oxiranes.
ChemInform Abstract: Group‐Assisted Purification (GAP) Chemistry for Dihydrofurans: Water as a Medium for Catalyst Free Synthesis in a One Pot Four Component Reaction.
Authors: Chennapuram Madhu , Emmadi Narender Reddy , Bingi Chiranjeevi , Nanubolu Jagadeesh Babu , Atmakur Krishnaiah
Published: November 2014

The reaction of chromene derivatives (I) with NCS affords dihydrofurans (III) after an unusual rearrangement in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Dihydrothiophenes Containing Quaternary Stereogenic Centres by Sequential Stereospecific Rearrangements and Ring‐Closing Metathesis.
Authors: Mingat Gaelle , McDouall Joseph J. W. , Clayden Jonathan
Published: November 2014

The reaction of alcohol (I) with N,N′‐thiocarbonyldiimidazole is accompanied by a [3,4]‐sigmatropic rearrangement to afford imidazoles (III), which are readily converted into thiocarbamates (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Logical Design and Synthesis of indole‐2,3‐diones and 2‐Hydroxy‐3(2H)‐benzofuranones via One‐Pot Intramolecular Cyclization.
Authors: Gao Fang‐Fang , Xue Wei‐Jian , Wang Jun‐Gang , Wu An‐Xin
Published: November 2014

A new method to synthesize indole‐2,3‐diones and 2‐hydroxy‐3(2H)‐benzofuranones is developed via a one‐stop oxidative cyclization of the corresponding ortho‐functionalized acetophenones (I) and (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Bis‐Arylations of Alkenes Leading to Oxindole Derivatives.
Authors: Shi Liangliang , Wang Yuyuan , Yang Haijun , Fu Hua
Published: November 2014

The simple and practical title reaction is conducted under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Carbazoles by Copper‐Catalyzed Intramolecular C—H/N—H Coupling.
Authors: Takamatsu Kazutaka , Hirano Koji , Satoh Tetsuya , Miura Masahiro
Published: November 2014

The picolinamide‐based directing group is essential for the intramolecular coupling of 2‐aminobiphenyls to give the corresponding carbazole derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: B(C6F5)3 Promoted Cyclization of Internal Propargyl Esters: Structural Characterization of 1,3‐Dioxolium Compounds.
Authors: Hansmann Max M. , Melen Rebecca L. , Rominger Frank , Hashmi A. Stephen K. , Stephan Douglas W.
Published: November 2014

The products are remarkably stable toward moisture and temperature allowing the characterization of (IIIa) and (IIIb) by X‐ray analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐4‐tosyl‐5‐(trifluoromethyl)‐1H‐imidazoles.
Authors: Bunev Alexander S. , Vasiliev Maksim A. , Statsyuk Vladimir E. , Ostapenko Gennady I. , Peregudov Alexander S.
Published: November 2014

A novel and improved method for the synthesis of the title imidazoles (III) (9 examples) based on the van Leusen reaction is given.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Alkenylation of Thiazolo[3,2‐b]‐1,2,4‐triazoles via C—H Activation.
Authors: Liu Wenjie , Wang Shaohua , Zhan Haiying , Lin Juan , He Peiling , Jiang Yi
Published: November 2014

The Pd‐catalyzed oxidative coupling of thiazolotriazoles and alkenes proceeds with high regio‐ and stereoselectivity to produce (E)‐isomers (III) and (V) exclusively.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Some Novel 1,2,4‐Triazol‐3‐one Derivatives Bearing the Salicyl Moiety and Their Anticonvulsant Activities.
Authors: Kahveci Bahittin , Mentese Emre , Akkaya Emre , Yilmaz Fatih , Dogan Inci S. , Oezel Arzu
Published: November 2014

Some of the title compounds (III) show significant anticonvulsant activity in MES‐induced seizure test.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient and Convenient Protocol for the Synthesis of 3,5‐Disubstituted 1,2,4‐Oxadiazoles Using HClO4‐SiO2 as a Heterogeneous Recyclable Catalyst.
Authors: Tadikonda Ramu , Nakka Mangarao , Gajula Mahaboob Basha , Rayavarapu Srinuvasarao , Gollamudi Padma Rao , Vidavalur Siddaiah
Published: November 2014

The protocol uses amidoximes (I) and acid anhydrides (II) as starting materials and provides the corresponding products (III) in good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Synthesis of Tetra and Pentacyclic Quinolinopyran Tethered Pyrazole/Coumarin Scaffolds via a Solid State Melt Reaction.
Authors: Bakthadoss Manickam , Kannan Damodharan
Published: November 2014

Title structures [e.g. (III), (V), (VII), and (VIII)] are efficiently synthesized via domino Knoevenagel intramolecular hetero‐Diels—Alder strategy in a highly diastereo and regioselective fashion.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,4‐Dihydroquinoline Derivatives under Transition‐Metal‐Free Conditions and Their Diverse Applications.
Authors: Chu Xue‐Qiang , Zi You , Meng Hua , Xu Xiao‐Ping , Ji Shun‐Jun
Published: November 2014

Tetrahydroacridinone derivatives [(III) and (V)] are synthesized via intermolecular cascade cyclization in a one‐pot protocol.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Heterocyclic Compounds Using 2‐(3,3‐Dimethyl‐1H‐pyrroloisoquinolin‐2(3H)‐ylidene)malonaldehydes.
Authors: Afghan Arash , Roohi Laia , Baradarani Mehdi M. , Joule John A.
Published: November 2014

Malondialdehyde derivative (III) is used for the synthesis of the new heterocycles (V), (VII), and (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Spiro[isoquinolinone‐4,2′‐oxiranes] and Isoindolinones via a Multicomponent Reaction of 2‐Acetyl‐oxirane‐2‐carboxamides, Arylaldehydes and Malononitrile.
Authors: Liu Bing , Wei Enxiang , Lin Shaoxia , Zhao Baozhong , Liang Fushun
Published: November 2014

Depending on different intramolecular hydrogen bonding modes in diastereomeric 2‐acetyl‐oxirane‐2‐carboxamides (I) and (V), title compounds (IV) and (VI), resp., are formed in the multicomponent reaction with aryl aldehydes (II) and malodinitrile (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Combining a Click—Multicomponent Reaction: One‐Pot Synthesis of (1,2,3‐Triazol‐4‐yl)methyl‐3‐amino‐5,10‐dihydro‐5,10‐dioxo‐1H‐pyrazolo [1,2‐b]phthalazine‐2‐carboxylate Derivatives.
Authors: Dabiri Minoo , MaGee David , Salehi Peyman , Torkian Laleh , Fakharian Mahsa , Donahue Jordan
Published: November 2014

The title compounds (V) are obtained by a four‐component, one‐pot condensation of benzaldehyde derivatives, an active methylene compound, azides, and phthalhydrazide.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on the Biginelli Reactions of Salicylaldehyde and 2‐Hydroxy‐1‐naphthaldehyde.
Authors: Liu Qingjian , Xu Jiehua , Teng Fei , Chen Anjun , Pan Ning , Zhang Wenwen
Published: November 2014

Chemoselectivity of the Biginelli Reactions depends on the reaction conditions used, tricyclic bridged pyrimidine derivatives are formed upon refluxing whereas, at lower temperatures pyrimidine derivatives of type (IV) are formed.
ChemInform Abstract: An Unexpected Oxidative Decarboxylation Reaction of 2,3‐Dihydroxybenzoic Acid in the Synthesis of New Dibenzyltetrahydroquinoxalinediones.
Authors: Habibi Davood , Nematollahi Davood , Meshkinghalam Sahereh , Varmaghani Fahimeh
Published: November 2014

Oxidation of catechols in the presence of N,N′‐dibenzylethylenediamines produces novel tetrahydroquinoxalinediones.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Substituted Dibenzo[b,f][1,4]thiazepines, Dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepines, Benzothiazoles, and Benzimidazoles.
Authors: Lin Yu‐Chin , Li Ni‐Ching , Cherng Yie‐Jia
Published: November 2014

Title thiazepine and oxazepine derivatives are efficiently synthesized using a one‐pot procedure, whereas the analogous reaction of o‐aminothiophenol or o‐phenylenediamine in the absence of base leads to benzothiazoles and benzimidazoles, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: A Catalytic Enantiotopic‐Group‐Selective Suzuki Reaction for the Construction of Chiral Organoboronates.
Authors: Sun Chunrui , Potter Bowman , Morken James P.
Published: November 2014

The conversion of achiral geminal bis(pinacolboronates) into chiral organoboronates proceeds in the presence of a chiral monodentate taddol‐derived phosphoramidite ligand and occurs with high enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Silylium Ion‐Promoted Dehydrogenative Cyclization: Synthesis of Silicon‐Containing Compounds Derived from Alkynes.
Authors: Arii Hidekazu , Kurihara Takashi , Mochida Kunio , Kawashima Takayuki
Published: November 2014

The cyclization of silanes (I) with alkynes (II) in the presence of a pyridine base and a slight excess of tritylium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate leads to 2‐silanaphthalenes (III), whilst the reaction in the presence of a catalytic amount of borate and without base affords tetrahydro‐2‐silanaphthalenes (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: The Efficient Method for the Preparation of Alkenylsilanes from Organoaluminums.
Authors: Kadikova Rita N. , Zosim Tat'yana P. , Dzhemilev Usein M. , Ramazanov Ilfir R.
Published: November 2014

The reaction of alkynes with trimethylaluminum or iBu2AlH gives 1‐alkenylaluminum intermediates which are readily trapped by sulfonic acid silyl esters to produce vinyl silanes in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Four‐Step Total Synthesis of Radermachol.
Authors: Buccini Marco , Piggott Matthew J.
Published: November 2014

Radermachol (I) is prepared in four steps from dimethoxynaphthalene, o‐iodobenzoic acid, and a substituted β‐ketoester.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Neurite Outgrowth Promoting Activity of Vibsanin B Derivatives.
Authors: Shao Li‐Dong , Xu Jun , Gao Xiu , He Juan , Zhao Yu , Peng Li‐Yan , Luo Huai‐Rong , Xia Chengfeng , Zhao Qin‐Shi
Published: November 2014

A series of vibsane‐type diterpenoids with promising neurite outgrowth promoting activity is prepared from vibsanin B (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Short Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Kainic Acid.
Authors: Oe Kentaro , Ohfune Yasufumi , Shinada Tetsuro
Published: November 2014

An asymmetric total synthesis of (‐)‐kainic acid (I) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Toward the Total Synthesis of a Lagunamide B Analogue.
Authors: Pal Sudip , Chakraborty Tushar Kanti
Published: November 2014

A concise total synthesis of a diastereomer of lagunamide B (I) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Polyketides from the Mangrove‐Derived Endophytic Fungus Acremonium strictum.
Authors: Hammerschmidt Lena , Debbab Abdessamad , Ngoc Tu Duong , Wray Victor , Hemphil Catalina Perez , Lin WenHan , Broetz‐Oesterhelt Heike , Kassack Matthias U. , Proksch Peter , Aly Amal H.
Published: November 2014

The absolute configuration of compound (I) is determined using a modified Mosher method.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanostructured Hydrotreating Catalysts for Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Morales‐Guio Carlos G. , Stern Lucas‐Alexandre , Hu Xile
Published: November 2014

Review: recent development of non‐noble metal catalysts for electrochemical H2 evolution; 86 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetically Engineered Semiconductor Quantum Dots as Multimodal Imaging Probes
Authors: Jing Lihong , Ding Ke , Kershaw Stephen V. , Kempson Ivan M. , Rogach Andrey L. , Gao Mingyuan
Published: November 2014

Review: 303 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Phase Transitions and Magnetocaloric Effects in Intermetallic Compounds MnFeX (X: P, As, Si, Ge)
Authors: Tegus O. , Bao Li‐Hong , Song Lin
Published: November 2014

Review: 38 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: DFT/TDDFT Insights into the Chemistry, Biochemistry and Photophysics of Copper Coordination Compounds
Authors: Tsipis Athanassios C.
Published: November 2014

Review: 188 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Supra‐molecular Synthons Based on Gold....π(arene) Interactions
Authors: Caracelli Ignez , Zukerman‐Schpector Julio , Tiekink Edward R. T.
Published: November 2014

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Review: Structurally Characterized α‐Diimine Complexes of S‐ and P‐Block Elements
Authors: Raghavan Adharsh , Venugopal Ajay
Published: November 2014

Review: 74 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal‐Free ipso‐Functionalization of Arylboronic Acids and Derivatives
Authors: Zhu Chen , Falck John R.
Published: November 2014

Review: [57 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitroalkenes in the Synthesis of Carbocyclic Compounds
Authors: Halimehjani Azim Ziyaei , Namboothiri Irishi N. N. , Hooshmand Seyyed Emad
Published: November 2014

Review: [16 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Light‐Controlled Chemical Reactions and Their Applications in Biological Systems
Authors: Lee Jeeyeon
Published: November 2014

Review: [recent developments of novel light‐controlled compounds including photoresponsive drugs, red light‐shifted azobenzene photoswitches, and synthetic chromophores of fluorescent proteins with new spectroscopic characteristics; 48 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: “The Green Side of the Moon: Ecofriendly Aspects of Organoselenium Chemistry”
Authors: Santoro Stefano , Azeredo Juliano B. , Nascimento Vanessa , Sancineto Luca , Braga Antonio L. , Santi Claudio
Published: November 2014

Review: [key aspects for the development of a greener synthesis and the use of organoselenium compounds; 98 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Functionalization of Remote C—H Bonds: Expanding the Frontier
Authors: Schranck Johannes , Tlili Anis , Beller Matthias
Published: November 2014

Review: 20 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Nanoparticles and Supramolecular Macrocycles: A Tale of Synergy
Authors: Montes‐Garcia Veronica , Perez‐Juste Jorge , Pastoriza‐Santos Isabel , Liz‐Marzan Luis M.
Published: November 2014

Review: [symmary on current reseach dealing with the combination of noble‐metal nanoparticles and different families of supramolecular macrocycles (cyclodextrins, cucurbit[n]urils, calixarenes, and pillar[n]arenes); 80 refs.].
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Catalytic Relevance of P(III) and P(V)‐Functionalized Calixarenes and Resorcinarenes
Authors: Semeril David , Matt Dominique
Published: November 2014

Review: 120 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Quinquevalent Phosphorus Acids
Authors: Balczewski P. , Bodzioch A.
Published: November 2014

Review: synthesis, reactions and biological aspects; 224 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphines and Related P‐C‐Bonded Compounds
Authors: Allen D. W.
Published: November 2014

Review: 524 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Distinguishing Homogeneous from Nanoparticle Asymmetric Iron Catalysis
Authors: Sonnenberg Jessica F. , Morris Robert H.
Published: November 2014

Review: 126 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalysis Using Colloidal‐Supported Gold‐Based Nanoparticles
Authors: Dimitratos Nikolaos , Hammond Ceri , Kiely Christopher J. , Hutchings Graham J.
Published: November 2014

Review: 36 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Higher‐order Field‐dependent Terms in Spin Hamiltonians for Transition Ions ‐ Implications for High‐magnetic Field and High‐frequency EMR Measurements
Authors: Rudowicz Czeslaw
Published: November 2014

Review: 27 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Vistas in Current Magnetic Materials Research
Authors: Suresh K. G.
Published: November 2014

Review: 31 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Multifunctional Pentacyclic Triterpenoids as Adjuvants in Cancer Chemotherapy: A Review
Authors: Kamble Sarika M. , Goyal Sameer N. , Patil Chandragouda R.
Published: November 2014

Review: 187 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Uniqueness and Therapeutic Value of Natural Products from West African Medicinal Plants. Part 2. Terpenoids, Geographical Distribution and Drug Discovery
Authors: Ntie‐Kang Fidele , Lifongo Lydia L. , Simoben Conrad V. , Babiaka Smith B. , Sippl Wolfgang , Mbaze Luc Meva'a
Published: November 2014

Review: 172 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Magnetic Nanofluids: A Review
Authors: Bahiraei Mehdi , Hangi Morteza
Published: November 2014

Review: 98 refs.
Influence of Glutamic Acid Enantiomers on C‐mineralization
Authors: Formánek Pavel , Vranová Valerie , Lojková Lea
Published: November 2014

Seasonal dynamics in the mineralization of glutamic acid enantiomers in soils from selected ecosystems was determined and subjected to a range of treatments: ambient x elevated CO2 level and meadow x dense x thinned forest environment. Mineralization of glutamic acid was determined by incubation of the soil with 2 mg L‐ or D‐glutamic acid g‐1 of dry soil to induce the maximum respiration rate. Mineralization of glutamic acid enantiomers in soils fluctuates over the course of a vegetation season, following a similar trend across a range of ecosystems. Mineralization is affected by environmental changes and management practices, including elevated CO2 level and thinning intensity. L‐glutamic acid metabolism is more dependent on soil type as compared to metabolism of its D‐enantiomer. The results support the hypothesis that the slower rate of D‐ compared to L‐ amino acid mineralization is due to different roles in anabolism and catabolism of the soil microbial community. Chirality 27:104–108, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stirring and Stirred‐Tank Reactors
Authors: Nienow Alvin W.
Published: November 2014

Stirred‐tank reactors are used throughout the process industry. They are not only applied in the chemical industry, but also in newer industrial sectors, such as biologics, pharmaceuticals, nanotechnology, and regenerative medicine. Certain features have not changed for many years, but the understanding of the physical processes occurring within has greatly increased. Since knowledge of the interaction between the physics of mixing, single‐ or multiphase, and the underlying science is critical, the physical processes of mixing/stirring are considered as they developed over the last ∼75 years.
Predictors of health care utilization in adult survivors of childhood cancer exposed to central nervous system–directed therapy
Authors: Kimberg Cara I. , Klosky James L. , Zhang Nan , Brinkman Tara M. , Ness Kirsten K. , Srivastava Deo Kumar , Robison Leslie L. , Hudson Melissa M. , Krull Kevin R.
Published: November 2014

BACKGROUND

Survivors of childhood cancer treated with central nervous system (CNS)–directed therapy may be at risk for poor health care utilization because of neurocognitive deficits. This study examined associations between neurocognitive function and adherence to routine and risk‐based medical evaluations in adult survivors exposed to CNS‐directed therapy.

METHODS

Neurocognitive function and health care utilization were assessed in 1304 adult survivors of childhood cancer enrolled in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study. Adherence to recommended care was defined as meeting guidelines published by the Children's Oncology Group. Multivariate models were used to evaluate associations between neurocognitive function and health screenings. Established predictors of health care utilization were included as covariates. Odds ratios (ORs) or prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for variables maintained in the final models.

RESULTS

Adherence to recommended medical care was higher for routine care (general physician care, 57.6%; dental care, 49.1%) versus specialized care (survivor‐focused care, 21.9%; echocardiogram, 19.9%). Higher intelligence was predictive of general physician care (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.41‐2.15) and survivor‐focused care (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.13‐1.83) in comparison with no care, whereas better executive function skills were associated with reduced dental care (PR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.91‐0.98). Echocardiogram monitoring was not associated with neurocognition. Possible late effects of cancer treatment (pain and reduced cardiorespiratory fitness) were associated with an increased likelihood of receiving specialized medical care.

CONCLUSIONS

Survivors with reduced global cognition are at risk for poor health care utilization. Educational practices regarding recommended health care should be personalized to ensure comprehension by survivors with neurocognitive impairment. Cancer 2015;121:774–782. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
Regulatory T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Ohl Kim , Tenbrock Klaus
Published: November 2014

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease, develops when immunologic self‐tolerance fails. Treg cells are a subset of CD4+ T cells that maintain self‐tolerance by suppressing autoreactive lymphocytes. Defects in Treg cells are therefore considered to be an aspect of SLE pathogenesis. Nevertheless, reports on the numbers and function of Treg cells in SLE are contradictory and the definitive role of Treg cells in SLE remains unclear. In this review, we summarize findings from murine models and ex vivo experiments, which provide insights into the mechanisms that result in the breakdown of tolerance. We also include recent findings about Treg‐cell subsets and their markers in human SLE. The identification of unique markers to identify bona fide Treg cells, as well as therapies to reconstitute the balance between Treg cells and autoreactive T cells in SLE, are the future challenges for SLE research.
Complexes of Copper(I) Thiocyanate with Monodentate Phosphine and Pyridine Ligands and the P(,N)‐Donor Diphenyl(2‐pyridyl)phosphine
Authors: Bowmaker Graham A. , Hanna John V. , King Scott P. , Marchetti Fabio , Pettinari Claudio , Pizzabiocca Adriano , Skelton Brian W. , Sobolev Alexandre N. , Tăbăcaru Aurel , White Allan H.
Published: November 2014

Copper(I) thiocyanate derivatives were prepared by the reaction of CuNCS with pyridine (py) and tertiary monophosphine ligands [PR3 in general; in detail: PPh3, triphenylphosphine, P(4‐FPh)3, tris(4‐fluorophenyl)phosphine)], as well as the potentially bidentate ligand diphenyl(2‐pyridyl)phosphine (PPh2py). Mechanochemical methods were used in some cases to investigate stoichieometries that were not easily accessible by conventional solution syntheses. Three forms of the resulting adducts of CuNCS/PR3/py‐base (1:3–n:n) stoichiometry―all containing four‐coordinate copper(I) atoms and monodentate N‐thiocyanate groups―were confirmed crystallographically. Mononuclear arrays are defined for [(PPh2py)3–n(py)nCuNCS], n = 0, 1, 2, the monodentate thiocyanate being N‐coordinated in all; two polymorphs are observed for the n = 2 complex, both crystallizing in monoclinic P21 (Z = 2) cells with similar cell dimensions, but with aromatic components eclipsed about the Cu–P bond in the PPh3 complex, and staggered in the PPh2py complex. Bridging thiocyanate groups are found in the 1:1:1 CuNCS/PPh2py/2‐methylpyridine (mpy) and P(4‐FPh)3/mpy complexes, wherein centrosymmetric dimers with eight‐membered central rings are obtained: [(R3P)(mpy)Cu(NCS)2Cu(PR3)(mpy)], as is also the case in the parent 1:2 CuNCS/PPh2py adduct [(pyPh2P)2Cu(NCS)2Cu(PPh2py)2]. For the 1:1:1 CuNCS/P(4‐FPh)3/py and PPh3/Brmpy (Brmpy = 3‐bromo‐4‐methylpyridine) adducts, and, likely, CuNCS/PPh2py/py (1:1:1), single‐stranded polymers of the form [···Cu(NCS)(PR3)(py‐base)(Cu)···](∞|∞) with linearly bridging NCS ligands were obtained. Some derivatives, representative of all forms, display medium to strong green to blue luminescence when excited with radiation at 365 nm. The 31P CPMAS NMR spectroscopic data clearly differentiate the inequivalent phosphorus positions within each system, showing a wide range of 1J(31P,63/65Cu) values ranging from 965 Hz for [Cu(NCS)(PPh2py)3] to 1540 Hz for dimeric [(4‐FPh)3P(mpy)Cu(NCS)2Cu(P(4‐FPh)3)(mpy)], reflecting the large variations in the Cu–P bond length.
Total Synthesis of (±)‐Oxalicumone C and Chiral Resolution and Elucidation of Its Absolute Configuration
Authors: Wink Christoph , Andernach Lars , Opatz Till , Waldvogel Siegfried R.
Published: November 2014

The racemic total synthesis, the chiral resolution, and the elucidation of the absolute configuration of the natural product oxalicumone C were investigated. The goal was achieved by a synthetic strategy beginning with the synthesis of a 5‐hydroxy‐7‐methylchromone precursor. Further modification possibilities were achieved by introduction of a vinyl moiety into the chromone, which was based on a selective iodination step in the 3‐position. Further transformations furnished the racemic natural product. To determinate the absolute configuration of naturally occurring oxalicumone C, both enantiomers were separated by chiral HPLC. Comparison of the calculated and experimental vibrational circular dichroism spectra unequivocally indicated that (S)‐oxalicumone C is the naturally occurring enantiomer.
Concentration and pattern changes of porcine serum apolipoprotein A‐I in four different infectious diseases
Authors: Marco‐Ramell Anna , Hummel Karin , Razzazi‐Fazeli Ebrahim , Bassols Anna , Miller Ingrid
Published: November 2014

Apolipoprotein A‐I (Apo A‐I) is a major protein in lipid/lipoprotein metabolism and decreased serum levels have been observed in many species in response to inflammatory and infectious challenges. Little is known about the porcine homologue, therefore in this work we have characterized it through biochemical and proteomic techniques. In 2DE, porcine serum Apo A‐I is found as three spots, the two more acidic ones corresponding to the mature protein, the more basic spot to the protein precursor. Despite high sequence coverage in LC‐MS/MS, we did not find a sequence or PTM difference between the two mature protein species. Besides this biochemical characterization, we measured overall levels and relative species abundance of serum Apo A‐I in four different viral and bacterial porcine infectious diseases. Lower overall amounts of Apo A‐I were observed inSalmonella typhimuriumandEscherichia coliinfections. In the 2DE protein pattern, an increase of the protein precursor together with a lower level of mature protein species were detected in the porcine circovirus type 2‐systemic disease andS. typhimuriuminfection. These results reveal that both the porcine serum Apo A‐I concentration and the species pattern are influenced by the nature of the infectious disease.
Channel estimation techniques for 5G cellular networks: FBMC and multiuser asynchronous fragmented spectrum scenario
Authors: Doré Jean‐Baptiste , Berg Vincent , Kténas Dimitri
Published: November 2014

In order to reduce constant exchange of control signalling, relaxed synchronisation is considered for the fifth generation of wireless cellular networks. This requirement combined with dynamic spectrum access has led to reconsider conventional orthogonal frequency division multiple access. Frequency division multiple access for filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) modulation has emerged as a serious contender for these asynchronous fragmented spectrum access scenarios. In this paper, it is demonstrated that the frequency‐spreading FBMC receiver architecture is particularly adapted to deal with these scenarios and is robust to severe channel conditions. Channel estimation has however so far only been partially addressed in this context. The challenges of this essential signal processing block are presented in this paper. Interference approximation methods have been applied to the so‐called frequency‐spreading FBMC receiver to propose and evaluate preamble structures and channel estimation schemes. A flexible preamble structure is finally described and analysed. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interaction between NADPH‐oxidase and Rho‐kinase in angiotensin II‐induced microglial activation
Authors: Rodriguez‐Perez Ana I. , Borrajo Ana , Rodriguez‐Pallares Jannette , Guerra Maria J. , Labandeira‐Garcia Jose L.
Published: November 2014

Previous studies have shown that the brain renin–angiotensin system may play a major role, via angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptors, in the regulation of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and progression of dopaminergic degeneration. Angiotensin‐induced activation of the microglial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)‐oxidase complex and microglial Rho‐kinase are particularly important in this respect. However, it is not known whether crosstalk between Rho‐kinase and NADPH‐oxidase leads to microglial activation. In the present study, we found that, in the substantia nigra of rats, NADPH‐oxidase activation was involved in angiotensin‐induced Rho‐kinase activation, which, in turn, was involved in angiotensin‐induced NADPH‐oxidase activation. In N9 microglial cell line and primary microglial cultures, a crosstalk signaling between NADPH‐oxidase and Rho‐kinase occurred in a positive feedback fashion during angiotensin‐induced microglial activation. Angiotensin‐induced NADPH‐oxidase activation and superoxide generation led to NF‐кB translocation and Rho‐kinase activation. Rho‐kinase activation was involved in regulation of NADPH‐oxidase activation via p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase. Moreover, Rho‐kinase activation, via NF‐кB, upregulated AT1 receptor expression in microglial cells through a feed‐forward mechanism. NADPH‐oxidase and Rho‐kinase pathways are known to be responsible for major components of the microglial response, such as changes involving microglial motility and phagocytosis, generation of superoxide, and release of inflammatory cytokines. The present results show that both pathways are linked by a common mechanism that may constitute a basic means of coordinating the microglial response. GLIA 2015;63:466–482