bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hounsfield Unit Variations-Based Liver Lesions Detection and Classification Using Deep Learning
Authors: PHAN Anh-Cang , TRIEU Thanh-Ngoan , PHAN Thuong-Cang
Published: April 2022

Deep learning-based diagnosis systems are useful to identify abnormalities on medical images with the greatly increased workload of doctors. Specifically, the rate of new cases and deaths from malignancies is rising for liver diseases. Early detection of liver lesions plays an extremely important role in effective treatment and gives a higher chance of survival for patients. Therefore, automatic detection and classification of common liver lesions are essential for doctors. In fact, radiologists mainly rely on Hounsfield Units to locate liver lesions but the previous studies often pay little attention to this factor. In this paper, we propose an improved method for automatic classification of common liver lesions based on deep learning technique and the variation of Hounsfield Unit densities on CT images with and without contrast. Hounsfield Unit is used to locate liver lesions accurately and support data labeling for classification. We construct a multi-phase classification model developed on the deep neural networks of Faster R-CNN, R-FCN, SSD, and Mask R-CNN with transfer learning approach. The experiments are conducted on six scenarios with multi-phase CT images of common liver lesions. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the detection and classification of liver lesions compared with recent methods because its accuracy achieves up to 97.4%. It is useful for practical systems to assist doctors in the diagnosis and treatment of liver lesions.
Finite element analysis of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation in the treatment of osteoporotic AO3.3 intertrochanteric fracture
Authors: Guo Hao , Chen Guang-xin , Lian Hong-yu , Liu Ke-xin , Li Zi-tao , Chen Xiao-qin
Published: April 2022

Background: We aimed to use the finite element method to simulate the biomechanical effects of bone cement on the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures with different degrees of osteoporosis using proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) to provide personalized treatment plans for patients with type 31-A3.3 intertrochanteric fractures based on the AO Foundation/Orthopaedic Trauma Association classification. Methods: A finite element model of a normal right femur was created from CT images using related finite element analysis software, and its effectiveness was verified. In the experimental group, 12 types of fracture models with different degrees of osteoporosis were fixed using PFNA, while in the control group, 12 types of osteoporotic fracture models were fixed using bone cement augmented PFNA. A 700 N force was applied to the femoral head in a direction that simulated the direction of load-bearing while standing. The differences in the maximum displacement of the femur, PFNA, femoral stress, and varus angle between the two groups were observed and compared in ANSYS software. Results: Compared with the common PFNA model, the femoral head displacement, PFNA displacement, and varus angle of the femoral head were significantly smaller in the bone cement augmented PFNA model. However, the maximum stress in the femur was significantly increased. Compared with the experimental group, the change rate of femoral head displacement, PFNA displacement, and varus angle decreased from 2.94% to 5.89%, 3.23% to 4.79%, and 0.41% to 8.51% with increase in the degree of femur osteoporosis. The maximum stress change rate of the femur increased from 12.2% to 5.74%. Conclusion: Common PFNA for treatment of A3.3 intertrochanteric fracture is likely to fail in severe osteoporosis, and the varus angle and displacement can be significantly reduced with cement reinforcement. Therefore, PFNA internal fixation with bone cement should be considered for treatment of severe osteoporosis. When used in mild osteoporosis, bone cement increases the stress at the joint between the screw blade and the main nail; therefore, the use of PFNA alone should be considered for treatment in such cases to increase the service life of internal fixation devices.
Improved stability analysis of Semiconductor Lasers subjected to optical feedback by using the new modified rate equations model
Authors: Mengue A D , Essebe D E , Essimbi B Z
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we consider the modified model of semiconductor lasers (SCLs) subjected to optical feedback and we showcase the main dynamical features that emerge in this system by emphasizing the prominent role played by the new control parameter namely the mean of effective gain coefficient (MEGC). A detailed linear stability analysis is performed wherein many approaches allow to put forth accurate limits of steady state, relaxation oscillation and chaotic areas controlled by MEGC. The process of the modulational instability is stuck out and the diagonal break-up of the ellipsoid enclosing external modes and antimodes is carried out leading to coherence collapse phenomenon and the excited mode scattering that is gradually extended by increased MEGC states. The route to the narrow linewidth at the limit conditions is fulfilled under the drastic impact of MEGC likewise the dependency of Hopf bifurcation parameters, as well as mode excitation and induced destructive interference of optical feedback in the modified potential well model.
Development of a radiomics nomogram for predicting the lung metastasis in soft-tissue sarcoma: a multi-center study
Authors: Hu Yue , Wang Xiaoyu , Yue Zhibin , Wang Hongbo , Wang Yan , Luo Yahong , Jiang Wenyan
Published: April 2022

Background: To develop a multi-modality MRI-based radiomics nomogram for predicting the lung metastasis (LM) in soft-tissue sarcoma (STS).Methods: We enrolled 122 patients who clinicopathologically confirmed STS from our hospital to form a primary cohort. Thirty-two patients from another hospital were included as an external validation cohort. All patients underwent pretreatment T1-weighted contrast-enhanced (T1-CE) MRI scans. Radiomics features were calculated and selected from the T1-CE MRI sequence, and used to build the radiomics signature. Clinical factors were evaluated by the logistic regression. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to construct a radiomics nomogram incorporating the radiomics signature with the important clinical factor. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC), calibration and decision curve analysis (DCA) curves were plotted to assess the radiomics methods.Results: A total of 5 features were finally identified highly related to the LM status to develop the radiomics signature. A clinical-radiomics nomogram integrating the radiomics signature and margin achieved the best prediction performance in the training (AUCs, nomogram vs. radiomics signature vs. margin, 0.918 vs. 0.864 vs. 0.609), internal validation (AUCs, nomogram vs. radiomics signature vs. margin, 0.864 vs. 0.841 vs. 0.666) and external validation (AUCs, nomogram vs. radiomics signature vs. margin, 0.843 vs. 0.800 vs. 0.643) cohort. DCA indicated potential usefulness of the nomogram.Conclusions: This study evaluated predictive values of T1-CE MRI for the prediction of lung metastasis in STSs, and proposed a nomogram model to potentially facilitate the preoperative individualized treatment decision making for STSs.
Adult Omental Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma: an unusual site. A case report and literature review
Authors: Anwar Chammout , Alshutaihi Mohamad Sami , Kelarji Ahmad Beshr , Naser Mouiad , Mouselli Asaad , Alyousfi Rama
Published: April 2022

Background: Omental alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in adults is a very hazardous tumor. Its pathogenesis is still under discussion and many studies consider it different from its pediatric counterpart. This tumor can arise from any soft tissue in the body thus it can be found anywhere, but it's found mainly in the head and neck region. Omentum as the primary site was reported only by six studies in the English literature before. In this paper we aim to report the seventh case and perform a review of all paperworks that pertains to this topic. Case Presentation: we present a case of a 52 years old smoker male. His medical record was not significant. He presented with dull pain in the right iliac fossa. He had suffered from generalized abdominal pain in the past several months but this time the pain was unbearable. On examination he had a palpable mass in the region. CT revealed a mass arising from omentum. A laparotomy was performed and biopsies were taken, stained, examined and led to the diagnosis of ARMS. The patient was put on radio and chemo-therapy. He missed some appointments after that. When he was admitted 2 months later he was suffering from neurological symptoms which after performing lumbar puncture turned out to be tumor metastasis. Regrettably the patient died after his second cycle of chemotherapy.Conclusion: Adult rhabdomyosarcomas are rare tumors that can arise from any soft tissue including omentum and should be taken into consideration when we deal with primary tumors originating from that area. The studies and our understanding for this neoplasm is still so limited and should be expanded widely.
Unraveling the impact of long-term monoculture practice on soil fertility: insights from microbial biomass and carbon metabolic rate in a Chinese meadow soil
Authors: Zhao Zhirui , Wu Haimiao , Meng Xiangyuan , Ma Chao , Li Shuyuan , Yuan Kaini , Fang Xiaofeng
Published: April 2022

Agricultural intensification generally deteriorates soil health conditions. We aimed to examine whether and to what extent long-term rice cultivation activities would adversely influence soil physicochemical and microbial characteristics. The research was performed in a seed multiplication farm in Wuchang city of China. We quantified changes in physicochemical indicators and microbial indices (biomass and carbon metabolic characteristic (AWCD)) of soils collected in both cultivated (rhizosphere (RS) and bulk soil (BS)) and uncultivated (US) paddy rice fields from spring to winter. The non-parametric method was used to compare AWCDs of the three types of soil samples. Principal component analysis was employed in distinguishing differences in soil physicochemical indicators and AWCDs, respectively, of the three types of soil. We found that: (1) RS commonly performed well in nutrient-related soil physicochemical indicators. (2) Microbial biomass in US was constantly higher than BS and RS. (3) There was a visible difference in preference of carbon compound groups for the three soil types between summer and other seasons. In conclusion, agricultural activities could reshape soil microbial characteristics. Notably, specific cultivation activity may induce distinct responses of soil microbial parameters. Moreover, soil biological properties respond more sensitively to cultivation practices than traditional physicochemical indicators.
A novel method for the synthesis of 2-chloro-3-[ trans-4-(4-chlorophenyl) cyclohexyl ]-1,4-naphthoquinone: an intermediate of Atovaquone, with systematic studies towards reaction optimization, recovery and reuse aspects
Authors: S SANJAY S
Published: April 2022

Present work reports a novel and commercially viable method for the synthesis of 2-chloro-3-[trans-4-(4-chlorophenyl) cyclohexyl]-1,4-naphthoquinone 1 (an intermediate of popular antimalarial drug, Atovaquone). Most of the prior art disclosures towards the synthesis of 1 were with low yields but involves the use of expensive raw materials and the reaction would generate lot of effluents. In this regard, it was considered worthwhile to synthesize 1 by a novel route with high yield and purity. Moreover, locally available inexpensive raw materials were used with an emphasis on recovery and reuse of essential reagent/solvents. 2,3-Dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone 5 was selected as one of the key raw material instead of its mono-halo analogue due to its abundant availability at relatively low cost. Various experiments were performed to optimize the reaction conditions for the reliability towards consistent yield and purity. Silver metal was recovered from the inorganics, it was further converted back to silver nitrate and reused for the reaction along with recovered solvents (acetonitrile and dichloromethane).
Microperimetric evaluation in eyes with cuticular drusen
Authors: Lee Jung Hwa , Kong Mingui
Published: April 2022

Introduction: To determine microperimetric retinal sensitivity in patients with cuticular drusen and evaluate differences on retinal sensitivity according to cuticular drusen type on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) scans. Methods: Thirty two eyes of 52 participants with cuticular drusen were recruited in this retrospective cross-sectional study. All subjects underwent ophthalmologic evaluations including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) assessment, SD-OCT, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, fundus autofluorescence, and mean retinal sensitivity (MRS) as measured by microperimetry, which was performed using 52 stimulus points. The division of patients into three groups was based on SD-OCT. The correlation between MRS and the mean deviation (MD) value was evaluated with linear regressions.Results: MRS was significantly different between cuticular drusen types (p<0.05). Generalized decreased MRS was detected more frequently in eyes with cuticular drusen type 2 (73.7%, 14/19) and 3 (85.7%, 18/21) compared to normal eyes. Retinal sensitivity was significantly correlated only with the MD value (p<0.001). There were no significant correlations with age, corrected visual acuity, pattern standard deviation, drusen occupying points, or cuticular drusen types.Conclusion: Our study showed that MRS decreased according to the type of cuticular drusen on SD-OCT. These visual function tests could be useful measurements, for cuticular drusen type.
The mechanism by which tertiary lymphoid structures in tumours affect prognosis and immunotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Jianhui , Nie Ye , Wu Wenlong , Lei Xinjun , Zhang Tianchen , Mao Zhenzhen , Wang Yanfang , Cao Zhuolin , Tao Kaishan , Song Wenjie
Published: April 2022

Background
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are formed by the aggregation of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which is driven by chemokines or cytokines in the tumour microenvironment. Studies have shown that TLSs are associated with good prognosis in patients with various solid tumours and can improve patient responses to immunotherapy. However, the role of TLSs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial, and the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear.
Methods
According to haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining results, 150 HCC patients from Xijing Hospital were divided into TLS + and TLS- groups, and Kaplan–Meier (K-M) analysis was performed to assess their overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Spearman correlation analysis was used to calculate the correlation between LCK and TILs, and the molecular pathways of LCK regulating immunotherapy were clarified through enrichment analysis. Immune score was calculated based on the expression difference of LCK to evaluate the sensitivity of HCC patients to ICIs.
Results
The HE results showed that 61 (40.7%) of 150 HCC patients had TLSs, and 89 (59.3%) didn't. The K-M results showed that TLSs had no effect on the OS of HCC patients but significantly affected the RFS. Enrichment analysis showed that upregulation of LCK expression mainly regulated cytokine signalling pathway, the chemokine signalling pathway and T cell activation. Immune score showed that HCC patients with high expression of LCK had higher sensitivity to ICIs.
Conclusion
LCK may regulate the sensitivity of HCC patients to ICIs by affecting the related pathways of TLSs formation to improve the prognosis of patients.
Clinical predictors of the rapid progression and revascularization of coronary non-target lesions: a serial angiographic study
Authors: Wang Juan , Xu Haobo , Yuan Jiansong , Guo Chao , Hu Fenghuan , Yang Weixian , Song Lei , Luo Xiaoliang , Liu Rong , Cui Jingang , Liu Shengwen , Chen Jilin , Qiao Shubin
Published: April 2022

Rapid progression of coronary no-target lesions is essential for the induction of future cardiovascular events. We aimed to investigate clinical predictors of rapid progression and revascularization of coronary non-target lesions. Consecutive patients who underwent two serial coronary angiographies were included. All coronary non-target lesions were recorded and evaluated at both procedures. A total of 1255 patients and 1670 lesions were included. At the patient level, 239 (19%) had rapid progression and 186 (14.8%) underwent revascularization. The incidence of lesion revascularization and myocardial infarction was significantly higher in patients with rapid progression. In multivariable analyses, hypertension (hazards ratio [HR], 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58-1.00; P = 0.049), ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (HR, 1.46; 95%CI, 1.03-2.07; P = 0.035), glycosylated hemoglobin (HR, 1.16; 95%CI, 1.01-1.33; P = 0.039) and lesion classification (B2/C versus A/B1) (HR, 1.73; 95%CI, 1.27-2.35; P = 0.001) were significant factors associated with rapid progression. The level of triglyceride (HR, 1.10; 95%CI, 1.00-1.20; P = 0.040) and lesion classification (B2/C versus A/B1) (HR, 1.53; 95%CI, 1.09-2.14; P = 0.014) were predictors of lesion revascularization. Clinicians should pay more attention to patients with these factors to prevent future cardiovascular events.
The prevalence of normal-weight obesity and its possible related dietary factors: A cross-sectional study of university employees of Iran
Authors: Eftekhari Mohammad Hassan , Kohanmoo Ali , Masoumi Seyed Jalil , Mohsenpour Mohammad Ali , Jamshidi Sanaz
Published: April 2022

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of Normal-Weight Obesity (NWO) and some possible relationships with dietary factors in an Iranian population.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the participants of the Employees Health Cohort Study, Shiraz, Iran. Based on the anthropometric assessments, participants were categorized into three groups: Normal-weight Non-obese, NWO, and Overweight/Obese. NWO was defined as having normal body mass index (BMI) but high body fat; which was determined by waist circumference or percentage of body fat, using various cut-off points. Body fat % ≥ 25 for men and ≥35 for women, proposed by WHO, was selected as the main definition of NWO to test possible relationships. Dietary factors included consumption of energy, macro-nutrients intake, frequency of meals, fried foods’ and grilled foods’ consumption, and salt intake.Results: Overall, 1038 participants (513 men and 525 women) were studied with a mean age of 41.04 ± 6.98 years. 35.9% had normal weight and 63.0% were overweight or obese according to BMI criteria. Based on WHO criteria, the prevalence of NWO was 21.68% and 26.63% among men and women, respectively. Women were more likely to have high body fat than men (p<0.001). No significant relationship was observed between any dietary factor and NWO.Conclusions: NWO was prevalent among university employees. No relationship was observed between dietary factors and NWO. Considering the high cardio-metabolic risk of this condition, it needs further attention to acknowledge and control.
The ability of phase angle to predict death risk factors in maintenance hemodialysis patients
Authors: Xu Yuanzhao , Ling Shuyi , Liu Zheyan , Luo Denggui , Qi Airong , Zeng Youjia
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To investigate the ability of phase angle and body composition to predict the death risk factors of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods: We studied the cause of death in 43 MHD patients treated at our hemodialysis center between January 2016 and December 2021 and compared them with the 71 patients who survived. Body composition was measured using direct segmental multi­frequency bioelectrical impedance to obtain phase angle, fat-free mass(FFM), extracellular water/total body water(ECW/TBW), and waist circumference (WC). Laboratory test data were collected. Phase angle cut-off value associated variables were calculated using ROC analysis. The ability of body composition variables to predict death risk factors in MHD patients was evaluated. Results: The most common cause of death was cardiovascular disease. ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal cut-off values for phase angle as death risk factors in MHD patients was 4.50°. Moreover, in MHD patients, lower phase angle, aging and hypoproteinemia are death risk factors. Conclusion: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in MHD patients. Lower phase angle, aging, and hypoproteinemia can indicate risk of death in MHD patients. The potential mechanism of lower phase angle to predict the prognosis of MHD patients.
Dysfunction of the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway contributes to learning and memory impairments induced by neuroinflammation in mice
Authors: Zhang Wen , Ge Meng-meng , Zhang Long-Qing , Yuan Xiao-Man , Han Si-yi , Manyande Anne , Tian Yu-Ke , Tian Xuebi
Published: April 2022

Background
Evidence suggests neuroinflammation is the main mechanism in cognitive dysfunction. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is involved in learning and memory via binding to tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) receptors. Herein, we mainly tested roles of the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway and its downstream cascades in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced cognitive dysfunction in mice.
Methods
Mice were treated with LPS and 7,8-DHF for 7 days, and learning and memory function was evaluated by the novel object recognition test (NORT). Western blot elucidated roles of the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway and its downstream cascades in LPS mice.
Results
The NORT showed that LPS induced learning and memory deficits in mice. LPS increased the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the serum of mice. In the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) regions, LPS reduced protein levels of BDNF, p-TrkB, Bcl-2, p-ERK1/2, p-CaMK2, p-CREB and p-GluR1 and increased the expression of Bax. In the entorhinal cortex (EC), levels of BDNF, p-TrkB, Bcl-2, p-CaMK2 and p-CREB proteins were reduced and the protein level of Bax was increased in LPS mice. 7,8-DHF could alleviate these disorders in LPS mice and improved their learning and memory function, however, the TrkB antagonist ANA12 effectively reversed the effects of 7,8-DHF.
Conclusion
These results revealed that the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway and its downstream cascades disorders contributed to neuroinflammation induced cognitive dysfunction in mice. 7,8-DHF could become a new therapeutic drug for cognitive dysfunction induced by BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway disorders in neurodegenerative diseases.
The Shear Strength Behaviour of Natural Joint Infill.
Authors: Bhardwaj Sandeep , Rao K. Seshagiri
Published: April 2022

The shear strength of the infill or gouge material inside infilled joints has a serious impact on the infilled joint shear strength. Initial Barton’s study considers only the infill strength as an infilled joint strength. Things have changed since then now asperity, joint roughness, infill particle size also plays critical role in infill joints. This study giving proper justification in analyzing the role of particle sizes of infill material in the shear strength of infill joints. Direct shear environment in insitu natural joints are simulated through plane Plaster of Paris joints filled with lime stone infill with different grades of sizes in infill material. The choice of limestone infill is due to its strong affinity to seepage water. This study giving comparisons of shear strengths with respect to different grades of sizes of infill lime stone in plane Plaster of Paris(POP) limestone infilled joints in CNL condition.
Using Text Mining to Identify Key Dimensions of Service Quality for the Indian Public Sector Banks' Mobile Banking Apps
Authors: Halvadia Nirav B. , Halvadia Shekha , Purohit Rajen
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study is to identify service quality dimensions that are very important for satisfied mobile banking app users of the Indian public sector banks using customer online reviews (CORs) analysis. A total of 5294 reviews of satisfied mobile banking app users (positive reviews) of leading Indian public sector banks (State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, and Bank of Baroda) were collected from Google Play Store for text mining and the collected reviews were written from January 2018 to January 2022. Text indexing was performed after finding the string length and word count of all reviews. After text indexing, N-gram Analysis and word cloud analysis were performed using NLP models of Python software. Three important service quality dimensions for satisfied mobile banking app users (users with positive reviews) of the Indian public sector banks were identified. These dimensions were security, ease of use, and convenience. Mobile banking app users of Indian Public Sector banks are happy and satisfied because they perceive that the app is secure, convenient, and easy to use. The Indian public sector banks should position their mobile banking apps as secure and easy mobile banking apps for money transfers. The findings of this research are very useful to managers of Indian public sector banks in improving customer loyalty, getting new customers, and promoting their mobile banking apps in effective ways. This paper is a pioneer study in identifying important service quality dimensions for satisfied users of any mobile banking app in India using a text mining approach.
Development and validation of a nomogram model to predict the prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Yi , Huang Liyun , Wei Zuwu , Liu Xiaoling , Chen Lihong , Wang Bin
Published: April 2022

Background
The effective method for predicting prognosis of ICC is still lack. This study aims to establish and verify an effective prognostic nomogram for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) after partial hepatectomy.
Methods
A nomogram model was developed in a cohort of 127 patients from January 2015 to December 2019. General clinical characteristics including preoperative physical examination data and postoperative pathological features were obtained. The independent risk factors identified by univariate and multivariate COX proportional hazards regression models were used to construct nomogram model. Predictive accuracy and discriminative ability were determined using a concordance index and a calibration curve. In addition, the clinical significance of postoperative pathological subtypes was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier.
Results
Univariate analysis and multivariate COX regression analysis revealed that CEA, maximum diameter, tumor number, and large duct type ICC. These variables were incorporated into the nomogram and the C-index for one year and three year overall survival prediction was 0.765 (95% CI: 0.672–0.814) and 0.695 (95% CI: 0.672–0.814), respectively. Postoperative pathological analysis showed that the large duct ICC had a distinct clinicopathological features and poor outcome.
Conclusion
The proposed nomogram enables a prognostic prediction for patients with ICC and postoperative subclassification of ICC is of great significant to the prognosis of ICC.
PlagueKG: A plague knowledge graph based on biomedical literature mining
Authors: Li Jin , Gao Jing , Feng Baiyang , Jing Yi
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPlague is an extremely horrific infectious disease caused by Yersinia pestis. Its mortality rate is exceedingly high that threatens the lives of human and animals seriously. There is a vast amount of knowledge related to plague in the literature at present. It is particularly important to obtain useful information from an enormous amount of literature and intuitively represent it in the form of knowledge graph. This will provide help to researchers to quickly understand plague’s complex pathogenesis and potential therapeutic approaches and provide the potential action mechanism of corresponding drug candidates. Consequently, the speed of vaccine research and development could be accelerated.ResultsThis paper identifies and extracts plague-related entities and relations based on 5388 abstracts that obtained from PubMed biomedical literature library automatically. Then we construct the plague knowledge graph called PlagueKG, which contains 9633 nodes of 33 types such as disease, gene, protein, species, symptom, treatment, geographic location and so on, and 9466 association relations such as disease-gene, gene-protein, disease-species and so forth. The Neo4j graph database is used to store the relational data in the form of triple. Finally, a multi-factor correlation knowledge graph centered on plague is constructed, as well as a plague knowledge base platform.ConclusionsWe extracted and integrated knowledge from existing plague-related literature using text mining techniques, and constructed a plague knowledge graph, which shows detailed plague-related knowledge in an intuitive and clear way. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first plague knowledge graph that is built using literature mining techniques. In addition, our plague knowledge base platform successfully managed and visualized a large amount of structured data related to plague. Researchers can acquire integrated plague information more conveniently by using this platform. It provides more direct and comprehensive knowledge of the disease.
Berberine maintains intestinal homeostasis through modulating TLR4/ NF-κB / MTORC pathway and autophagy in cats
Authors: Guo MengYao , Cao JingWen , Chen MiaoYu , Li Xueying
Published: April 2022

Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a disease that seriously harms human and animal health, has attracted many researchers' attention because of its complexity and difficulty in treatment. Most research has involved rats and dogs, and very little was cats. We should know that gut microbiota varies significantly from animal to animal. Traditional Chinese Medicine and its monomer component have many advantages compared with antibiotics used in pet clinics. Numerous studies have shown berberine (berberine hydrochloride， BBr) therapeutic value for IBD; however, the specific mechanism remains to consider.Results We assessed gut pathology and analyzed fecal bacterial composition using Histological staining and 16S rRNA sequence. DSS administration destroyed intestinal mucosal structure and changed the diversity of intestinal flora relative to control. RT-PCR and western blot confirmed specific molecular mechanisms that trigger acute inflammation and intestinal mucosal barrier function disruption after DSS treatment. And autophagy inhibition is typical pathogenesis of IBD. Interestingly, berberine ameliorates inflammation during the development of the intestinal by modulating the TLR4(Toll-like receptors 4)/NF-κB signaling pathway and activating autophagy. Berberine significantly reduces tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β expression in cats' serum. Enhancing the antioxidant effect of IBD cats is one of the protective mechanisms of berberine. We demonstrated that berberine repairs intestinal barrier function by activating the mTOR(mammalian target of rapamycin) complex, which inhibits autophagy.Conclusions Berberine can restore intestinal microbiota homeostasis and regulate the TLR4/ NF-Κb pathway, thereby controlling inflammatory responses. In addition, we propose a novel mechanism of berberine therapy for IBD, namely, berberine therapy can simultaneously activate MTORC and autophagy to restore intestinal mucosal barrier function in cats, which should be further studied to shed light on berberine to IBD.
Collection and uses of ethno-ecological species among Chuktia Bhunjia tribe of Odisha, India: Examining Sustainable Livelihood through Local Knowledge
Authors: Sabar Bhubaneswar , Midya Dipak K.
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Plant resources gathered from the wild are considered to be important sources of livelihood for many forest-dwelling communities who rely on these plants for food, fuelwood, medicine, agriculture and cultural purposes. This paper documents the ethno-ecological knowledge of Chuktia Bhunjia tribe of Odisha, India pertaining to collection and uses of plant species; and examines how the community people earn their livelihood sustainably by negotiating with those knowledges through various cultural beliefs.Methods: Data for this study were collected in few selected Chuktia Bhunjia villages during 2019-2020 largely through formal interview with local people including farmers, herbalists and ethno-veterinarians of both genders. Participant observation were used to understand resource use patterns that were documented through narrative and case study method.Results: This study documents 193 plant species used by Chuktia Bhunjia for different purposes with varied life forms: tree species (n=77) followed by shrub (38), herbs (28), climber (20) and so on. The Chuktia Bhunjia largely collect fruits (n=60) followed by leaves (35), stem (28), whole plants (25), roots (25), etc. that are used for consumption, medicine, oil extraction, house construction, agriculture and cultural purposes. Data reveals that ethno-ecological knowledge among them continue to shape their livelihood but is governed by set of customary rules with regard to collection and consumption. The cultural reproduction of ecological knowledge intertwined with institutionalised social norms, socialisation, and inherent ecological worldview are although predominantly reported; the gradual state intervention and market influence have altered their interaction with ecological resources.Conclusion: The ethno-ecological practice among Chuktia Bhunjia is a cultural process in which culture is found to be an intermediary tool to negotiate with the local landscape for collective survival. Yet, socio-economic transformation among them because of state intervention has altered their ecological relationships and negatively impacted on knowledge, cultural diversity and identity. At policy level, given the implications of ethno-ecological species in food and medicine there is a need to screen those species to measure the medicinal potency and nutritive value for wider acceptability. Besides, non-destructive way of harvesting of ethno-ecological species can be encouraged that can possible only with the promotion of cultural diversity, although mere attempts to integrate their knowledge with scientific knowledge can add substantial benefit to the knowledge holders.
The association between dietary total antioxidant capacity and odds and severity of irritable bowel syndrome among Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Saneie Solaleh , Shidfar Farzad , Aminianfar Azadeh , Keshteli Ammar Hassanzadeh , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad , Adibi Peyman
Published: April 2022

Background: Little evidence is available in terms of the role of dietary antioxidants in the management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) disease. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary total antioxidant capacity (dTAC) and odds of IBS and its severity. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 3,362 Iranian adults who were referred to health centers of Isfahan province, Iran. Participant's dietary intakes were collected using a semi-quantitative validated food frequency questionnaire (DS-FFQ). dTAC was measured by the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. Multivariable binary or ordinal logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate any associations between dTAC and odds of IBS and its severity. Results: The average age and BMI of the participants and dTAC score were 36.3 ± 7.87, 24.9 ± 3.82 and 7.81 ± 3.45, respectively. In crude and adjusted models, the results did not show any significant association between dTAC and odds of IBS among whole and gender-age stratified populations. Being in the third compared with the first category of dTAC was not also significantly associated with odds of IBS severity. Besides, there were no significant associations between dTAC and odds of IBS with constipation, IBS with diarrhea, IBS mixed subtype, and Unsubtyped IBS, respectively.Conclusion: This study indicates that dTAC may not be associated with odds of IBS and its severity even after stratification for gender and body mass index.
Evaluation of Gentamicin Dosage Regimen and Route of Administration Based on Achieved Serum Concentrations in Neonates
Authors: Lim Chuan Poh , Candra Samuel Rocky , Edison Priyantha Ebenezer , Tan Mary Grace , Yong Amanda Mei Hui , Chen Yufei , Yeo Cheo Lian
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Combination antibiotics consisting beta-lactam and aminoglycoside are commonly utilized in the treatment of neonatal septicaemia. The aims of this study were (1) to determine safety and efficacy of the revised gentamicin dosage regimen and (2) to compare intravascular (IV) versus intramuscular (IM) route of gentamicin administration, in term of attaining peak and trough serum concentration targets. Methods: This was a retrospective study from 2012 to 2017. All neonates who received gentamicin with therapeutic drug monitoring performed were included in this study. Data for all eligible neonates were collected from electronic medical records and included demographics, serum creatinine levels, the complete gentamicin dosing and concentration history. Results: A total of 737 neonates who received the correct institutional gentamicin dosage regimen (± 5% of the intended dose) were included in this study. There were 635 trough concentrations (within 30 minutes prior to subsequent dose) and 430 peak concentrations (60 to 90 minutes post administration) included in the comparison of IV and IM route of administration. With the revised dosage regimen, 91% of peak and 98% of trough concentrations were found within therapeutic range. There was no difference in terms of proportion of trough concentrations within therapeutic range for IV as compared to IM (97.8 vs 98.6%, p = 0.556) while IM resulted in a higher proportion of peak concentrations within therapeutic range (86.1 vs 97.0%, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The current institutional gentamicin dosage regimen is safe and effective in attaining therapeutic targets. Intramuscular injection can be an alternative route of administration for gentamicin in neonates.
Does Land Use Influence Plant Diversity and Soil Properties in Watershed Ecosystem?
Authors: OLAJUYIGBE Samuel Olalekan , AGWU Onyebuchi Patrick , BABALOLA Kehinde Daniel
Published: April 2022

Sustainably managed watershed ecosystems play vital roles in ecological stability and contribute to livelihood sustenance. Unfortunately, most watershed ecosystems are threatened by anthropogenic activities such as arable crop cultivation, and infrastructural development. This study investigated the influence of land use on soil physicochemical properties and floristic composition in the watershed of a man-made reservoir (Awba dam). A systematic random sampling technique was used to lay plots (25m by 25m) in alternate positions on identified land use types. Plant species were enumerated and composite soil samples (0-25 cm depth) were collected from four quadrants in each sample plot. Descriptive statistics and diversity indices were computed, and principal component analysis were used to assess the relationship among the variables. Land-use significantly influenced soil chemical properties. Soil from the secondary regrowth had the highest pH (6.25), grassland had the highest organic carbon content (1.95%) while wetland had the highest available phosphorus (40.90 %). There was a significant relationship between species diversity and soil physicochemical properties. A positive relationship was observed between the species dominance, evenness indices with sodium Fe, potassium and calcium. The analysis also revealed that manganese, acidity, and sodium content in soil were more associated with farmland, availability of phosphorus in soil soil PH and high species diversity are more associated with riparian forest, while number of species occurrence are associated with secondary regrowth in the area. This study had revealed that land use system influenced tree species diversity and soil properties in the watershed ecosystem. Therefore, appropriate measures are needed to ensure the survival of key tree species in the watershed to help maximize the structural and functional role of the ecosystem.
Is the QRS duration useful for determining the optimal timing of pulmonary valve replacement after tetralogy of Fallot repair?
Authors: Sugiura Junya , Uchita Shunji , Kojima Ai , Akazawa Yusuke , Takata Hidemi , Nakamura Masashi , Higaki Takashi , Izutani Hironori
Published: April 2022

In pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) after tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair, it is recommended that PVR be performed before the right ventricular end-diastolic volume index (RVEDVI) reaches 170 ml/m2 on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) to normalize the RV volume after PVR. We examined the utility of QRS duration, cardiothoracic ratio (CTR), and plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) as markers of an enlarged RV volume to perform PVR at the optimal timing. We assessed the correlation of QRS duration, CTR, and BNP with RVEDVI and RVESVI on cMRI in 26 patients after TOF repair. Fifteen patients underwent PVR (age, 45.2 ± 11.4 years). The RV volume changes from before to after PVR were investigated. Twelve patients underwent post-PVR cMRI. QRS duration, BNP, and CTR were positively correlated with RVEDVI and RVESVI after TOF repair. The post-PVR QRS duration was also positively correlated with post-PVR RVEDVI (p = 0.017) and RVESVI (p = 0.001). From before to after PVR, in cases with QRS duration ≤ 160 ms, the QRS duration decreased from 110.4 ± 28.9 to 101.8 ± 30.5 ms (p = 0.063). Both RVEDVI and RVESVI decreased to the normal range in 4 of 5 cases. In contrast, in cases with QRS duration > 160 ms, the QRS duration decreased from 183.0 ± 17.4 to 160.3 ± 23.8 ms (p = 0.013); however, RVESVI did not normalize in 6 of 7 cases. A prolonged QRS duration is a useful marker of RVEDVI and RVESVI enlargement after TOF repair. A QRS duration of 160 ms is a sensitive cutoff value for predicting RV volume normalization after PVR.
Insufficient bone and high sclerostin in non-functioning pituitary adenoma Is it non-functioning?
Authors: Pekkolay Zafer , Yıldırım Devran Varhan , Tuzcu Şadiye Altun , Taşdemir Bekir , Tuzcu Alpaslan Kemal
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Sclerostin reduces bone formation by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway in bone tissue. This study evaluated the serum sclerostin level in non-functioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) patients and analyzed its relationship with bone metabolism. Method: The data of the patients who applied to the Dicle University Endocrinology, diagnosed with non-functioning pituitary adenoma, and the control group consisting of healthy individuals were included in the study. Serum sclerostin levels and DXA analysis parameters were evaluated and compared with healthy control groups. Results: The study consisted of 39 patients (F / M: 27/12) with NFPA (patient group) and 43 control groups (F / M: 26/17). There was no difference in terms of gender, age, height, weight and serum calcium, phosphorus, creatinine, 25-OH vitamin D, parathyroid hormone levels. Serum sclerostin levels (32.31 ± 1.53 ng / ml) in the patient group was found to be significantly higher than the control group (22.45 ± 8.9 ng / ml) (p <0.001). BMD (Patients groups vs control group); total lumbar BMD (0.951-1.56 gr / cm2) (p <0.001), femoral neck BMD (0.752-1.15 g / cm2) (p <0.001), femoral total BMD (0.995- 1.63 gr / cm2) (p <0.001), were found to be statistically significantly lower. Conclusion: This study provides the first evidence that serum sclerostin levels were increased in non-functioning pituitary adenomas, which showed that bone parameters were negatively affected.
Surgical Resection Predicts Overall Survival even in Frail Patients with IDH- wildtype Glioblastomas
Authors: Elia Angela , Bertuccio Alessandro , Vitali Matteo , Barbanera Andrea , Pallud Johan
Published: April 2022

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of frailty required in the surgical risk assessment in old patients with IDH-wildtype glioblastoma on surgical outcome, overall survival, and functional dependency.
Methods
We reviewed records of old and frail patients surgical treated at our institution between January 2018 to May 2021. Inclusion criteria were : 1) neuropathological diagnosis of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma; 2) patient older than 65 years at the time of surgery; 3) available data to assess the frailty index according to the 5-mFI.
Results
A total of 47 patients were included. The 5-mFI was at 0 in 11 cases (23.4%), at 1 in 30 cases (63.83%), at 2 in 2 cases (4.25%), at 3 in 2 cases (4.25%), at 4 in 2 cases (4.25%). A GTR was performed in 26 patients (55.3%), a STR was performed in 13 patients (27.6%), and a B was performed in 8 patients (17.1%). The rate of 30-day postoperative complications was higher in B and in the 5-mFI = 4 subgroup (p > 0.05). GTR and age ≤ 70 years were independent predictors of a longer overall survival (p < 0.005). Sex, 5-mFI, postoperative complications, and preoperative KPS status did not independently influence overall survival and functional dependency.
Conclusion
In aged patients with IDH-wildtype glioblastoma, GTR is still an independent predictor of longer survival and good postoperative functional recovery whatever the frailty index. The 5-mFI score does not influence surgery and outcomes. Further confirmatory analyses are required.
Malignant transformation of bronchiole adenoma into invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Li Peng , Liu Xuling , Li Min , Miao Chengfeng , Sun Wenwen , Yang Kaiyan
Published: April 2022

Background: Bronchiolar adenoma (BA)/ciliated muconodular papillary tumors (CMPTs) was previously considered to be a benign neoplasm, with the possibility of malignant transformation reported in a few cases. Thus, the exact nature and biological potential of BA/CMPT have not been fully elucidated. We here report a case of mucinous adenocarcinoma (MA) caused by malignant transformation of BA. Case presentation: A 57-year-old woman presented with a 17.0×7.0 mm nodule in the lower lobe of the left lung. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry were performed. The tumor was composed of two areas: BA area and MA area. In BA area, the tumor was consisted by a bilayered structure of luminal cells and basal cells. Basal cells were positive for CK5/6, p63, and p40, while they were not detected in MA area. The Ki-67 proliferation index was low (1%~2%). Finally, the patient was diagnosed with BA accompanied by MA, and had a favourable outcome.Conclusions: BA is generally considered to be a benign tumor. The present study indicated that BA may be carcinogenic and we should be vigilant for its potentiality of malignant transformation in clinical practice.