bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of High-Achieving Sixth Grade Students’ Performances on Written Computation, Symbolic Representation, and Pictorial Representation Tests
Authors: BÜTÜNER Suphi Önder
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The present study was conducted to compare the performances of high-achieving sixth grade students on written computation, symbolic representation, and pictorial representation tests. The study enrolled 107 sixth-grade students in three schools. Data were analyzed by using the Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney-U Tests and interviews were conducted with six students. The Mann Whitney U test was utilized to explore the groups that were favored by the difference. Student performances were lower particularly in the pictorial representation test than the other two. It is interesting that the students with mathematics grade average points of 4 and 5 at the end of the first academic term failed to show the same success that they showed in the written computation test in the two other tests as well. Therefore, it can be said that the teachers evaluate the students who are good at doing operations as successful in mathematics.
Determining 1st– 4th Grade Elementary School Students’ Perceptions of Scientists
Authors: KABATAŞ MEMİŞ Esra , ÇAKAN AKKAŞ Büşra Nur , KETENOĞLU KAYABAŞI Zehra Esra , KARAKUŞ Esma , FİLİZ Nurullah
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The main purpose of this study is to determine the perceptions of elementary school students (1,2,3 and 4) about science and scientist. The study has been included three different elementary schools in the city center of Kastamonu in northwest Turkey. A total of 1862 students in the first (n = 480), second (n = 450), third (n = 471) and fourth (n = 461) classes participated in the study. The Draw-a-Scientist Test (DAST) developed by Chambers (1983) was used to determine the views of students about scientists. The content of the collected data was analyzed. It was found that the majority of the students, in total and at all grades, drew pictures of male scientists. It was determined that they made drawings of scientists who were in daily clothes, had well-groomed hair and were working in different environments (nature, space, etc.).
Teaching Activities Implemented by Pre-Service Primary Teachers While Teaching Mathematics
Authors: DOĞAN Mustafa , TAŞPINAR ŞENER Zehra
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The aim of this study is to determine the teaching activities of pre-service teachers in the course of mathematics teaching methods. All of the pre-service teachers have selected an attainment content from the primary (1-4) mathematics education curriculum at the beginning of the semester in the scope of mathematics teaching methods course. Data collection tools include prepared lesson plans and presentation notes by the students, as well as field notes of the researchers in addition to an observation form. According to the results obtained with descriptive statistics and content analysis, while the pre-service teachers were successfully performed in timing and taking into account of curriculum requirements, they were not adequately performed in problem posing and problem solving and also using alternative and appropriate evaluation methods.
Conception and development of inductive reasoning and mathematical induction in the context of written argumentations
Authors: UYGUN-ERYURT Tugba
Published: January 2021

Abstract: Nowadays, mathematical reasoning and making proof have taken importance for all students from the grade level of elementary education to university. More specifically, mathematical induction (MI) is a kind of proof and reasoning strategy taking place nearly all grade levels. Moreover, teachers are important factors affecting student learning and they can acquire necessary knowledge and skills developmentally in their teacher education programs. This paper makes contributions to domain of research by investigating the development of PMT’s conception of MI in the context of written argumentations encouraging MI. In other words, the purpose of this multiple case study is to explore how PMT’s conception of mathematical induction develop through their written argumentations. These cases show that there exist improvements in PMT’s written argumentations, conception of MI and proof construction activities related to MI. In other words, the more organized and structured they produced written argumentation, the more successfully they use and make mathematical induction.
Developing Elementary School Students’ Mental Computation Skills through Didactic Games
Authors: DEBRENTI Edith , LÁSZLÓ Beáta
Published: January 2021

"Abstract: Our research focuses on developing elementary students’ mental computation skills with the help of card games. Choosing this area of study was motivated by our personal experiences, namely, that mathematics programmes of study do not lay emphasis on this aspect; there are too few hours dedicated to developing this skill, and several mental computation strategies are not presented in the classroom. As a result, students struggle with mental computation, a basic skill needed in our day-to-day life, and a relevant basis for further mathematical knowledge, computation competence, and higher order thinking skills.
In order to develop this skill, we have transformed well-known card games into didactic games, which encourage development almost unnoticeably, given the fact that children love to play, they need play. We have devised five new, appealing tools, with different levels of difficulty, suitable for developing mental computation skills in an attractive way.
This paper presents an experiment involving second grade (8-9 years old) students. Two experimental groups were involved. The aim was to investigate whether mental computation is more efficient when using the traditional method or when using card games. We hypothesized that using card games might prove helpful in developing mental computation skills."
Errors In Using Convergence Tests In Infinite Series
Authors: GENÇ Murat , AKINCI Mustafa
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The present study aimed to identify the errors made by pre-service elementary mathematics teachers while investigating the convergence of infinite series. A qualitative exploratory case study design was used with a total of 43 undergraduate students. Data were obtained from a test administered in a paper-and-pencil form consisting of seven open-ended questions. The data analysis was done using descriptive and content analysis techniques. Findings were presented as follows: inappropriate test selections; failure to check convergence criteria; incorrect use of a comparison test; limit comparison test error; re-test convergence test results; considering ∑ as a multiplicative function; misunderstanding of special series; considering that series has no character when the convergence test is inconclusive; confusing sequences with series; misunderstanding of the nth-term test; misinterpretation of convergence test results. Findings showed that students with insufficient procedural knowledge had difficulty in solving the given problem even if they understood it, whereas those with insufficient conceptual knowledge could not literally understand what they did even if they solved the problem. Therefore, the establishment of a moderate balance between procedural and conceptual knowledge in the learning of the convergence of series is essential in reducing the errors or learning difficulties for developing deep mathematical understanding
HAWTHORN (CRATAEGUS L.) TAXA AND THEIR HYBRIDS IN NORTH-WESTERN ROMANIA: A RECOMMENDATION FOR NATIONAL IDENTIFICATION KEYS BASED ON MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSES
Authors: KUHN Thomas , JANCSO Boroka , RUPRECHT Eszter
Published: January 2021

Crataegus species are common and widespread shrubs or small trees across Europe, and are of considerable ecological and agricultural importance. However, controversy still surrounds the taxonomy and ecology of this genus, mainly due to frequent hybridization between sympatric species and introgression of genes. Considering the poor representation of Crataegus-related research in the Romanian botanical literature, we investigated the occurrence and morphology of native Crataegus species and their putative hybrids in north-western Romania. We collected herbarium specimens from three regions (Zărandului Mountains, Transylvanian Plain, Călata region), from a variety of habitats, including forests, grasslands and forest-grassland ecotones. Morphometric measurements were taken on a total of 34 fruit-, leaf- and stipule characters on generative shoots. We used PCA and Random Forest analysis to select for the ‘best’ characters differentiating between species and hybrids. We identified ten different Crataegus taxa, including species, subspecies, varieties and their hybrid nothotaxa: Crataegus monogyna (mainly in grasslands), C. rhipidophylla var. rhipidophylla, C. rhipidophylla var. lindmannii and C. laevigata subsp. laevigata, C. laevigata subsp. palmstruchii (mainly in forests), C. × kyrtostyla nothovar. domicensis, C. × media, C. × macrocarpa nothovar. macrocarpa and C. × macrocarpa nothovar. hadensis (mainly in forest openings and near forest edges). The most common taxa identified was C. × kyrtostyla nothovar. kyrtostyla (common in grasslands, rarer in forests). The best differentiating characters between species and hybrids were number of styles, fruit length, number of teeth on stipules, position of sepals on mature fruits, number of serrations on basal leaf lobe, ratio between serrate part of lower leaf lobe and the entire part, depth of basal sinus, and ratio between sepal length and width. Based on the results of the morphometric analysis and literature review, we constructed national identification keys of all Crataegus taxa identified in this study and other confirmed taxa present in Romania. Additionally, we have illustrated the most common six identified taxa (including hybrids).
RESEARCH ON SOME PLANT SPECIES CONTAINING ESSENTIAL OILS PERFORMED AT UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY „IULIU HAŢIEGANU” CLUJ-NAPOCA
Authors: TAMAS Mircea , BALICA Georgeta , STEFANESCU Cristina
Published: January 2021

The present article offers a synthesis of original research performed at the department of Pharmaceutical botany of „Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca on 17 species and varieties of essential oil-containing plants that belong to 11 genera, all Romanian traditional medicinal, endemic or ornamental species. The essential oils were qualitatively analized and quantified by TLC and GC-MS from: Tanacetum balsamita (2 varieties), Artemisia abrotanum, Rhododendron myrtifolium, Origanum vulgare, Artemisia annua, Inula helenium, Salvia officinalis, Thuja occidentalis, Acorus calamus, Achillea (4 species) and Solidago (3 species). The chemical composition of these species belonging to the Romanian flora was established, two chemical infraspecific taxa were identified within Tanacetum balsamita and Achillea distans, and toxic compounds from essential oils (βasarone, thujone) were quantified.
Integrating Academic Skills and Employability - Revisiting the Learning Journal
Authors: Mario Menz
Published: January 2021

Across the world, universities are more numerous today than at any other time in history, yet at the same time there is unparalleled confusion about their purpose and skepticism about their value. Based on an extensive literature review, a survey of the academic landscape and discussions with academics as well as employers, this reflective piece highlights the importance of academic skills development with regard to students’ success at university, and illustrates the link between academic skills, employability and professional success. The article was prompted by the current discussion around universities’ struggle to provide students with the necessary skills to succeed after graduation. The article argues that the differentiation between academic skills on the one hand and employability skills on the other is no longer relevant or appropriate in the 21st century knowledge economy, and invites universities to enhance their curricula with additional, mandatory skills development modules. It provides an innovative suggestion on how to link academic skills and employability in curriculum development, based on the existing academic literature around the scholarship of teaching and learning, as well as research into employability skills. The importance of academic skills on students’ professional success can never be overstated. The article offers an innovative approach to linking academic skills, employability and professional success. It adds fuel to the discussion around employability from the perspective of industry practitioners. While this paper has been written specifically with undergraduate business degrees in mind, the principles and practices it outlines can also be applied to other academic disciplines.
‘Old Trees Cannot Be Replanted’:When Energy Investment Meets Farmers’ Resistance
Authors: MARKUSZEWSKA Iwona
Published: January 2021

Open-cast lignite mining often arouses discontent due to its controversial use of land. This is particularly apparent when a mining operation interferes with well-managed agricultural areas. Mining investments usually face resistance from farmers who are attached to a rural setting and farmland. This paper summarises the results of a study on farmers’ attachment to place and patrimony. The placeoriented research was conducted among a traditionally farming-oriented community that expressed its disapproval of a lignite coal operation. Data were collected via questionnaire. The measurement of place attachment used a five-point Likert scale. The survey was distributed among the rural dwellers of two communes, Krobia and Miejska Górka (in the Wielkopolska Region, Poland), which will be affected by open-cast mining and a power station; both are dependent on the “Oczkowice” lignite deposit. The results show that the farmers have a deep attachment to their farmland; however, only a little attachment was detected to the local community.
Log Replication in Raft vs Kafka
Authors: Petrescu M. , Petrescu R.
Published: January 2021

The implementation of a fault-tolerant system requires some type of consensus algorithm for correct operation. From Paxos to View-stamped Replication and Raft multiple algorithms have been developed to handle this problem. This paper presents and compares the Raft algorithm and Apache Kafka, a distributed messaging system which, although at a higher level, implements many concepts present in Raft (strong leadership, append-only log, log compaction, etc.).This shows that mechanisms conceived to handle one class of problems (consensus algorithms) are very useful to handle a larger category in the context of distributed systems.
Everyday aesthetics and world-making
Authors: Saito Yuriko
Published: January 2021

The project of world-making is carried out not only by professional world-makers, such as designers, architects, and manufacturers. We are all participants in this project through various decisions and judgments we make in our everyday life. Aesthetics has a surprisingly significant role to play in this regard, though not sufficiently recognized by ourselves or aestheticians. This paper first illustrates how our seemingly innocuous and trivial everyday aesthetic considerations have serious consequences which determine the quality of life and the state of the world, for better or worse. This power of the aesthetic should be harnessed to direct our cumulative and collective enterprise toward better world-making. Against objections to introducing a normative dimension to everyday aesthetics, I argue for the necessity of doing so and draw an analogy between everyday aesthetics and art-centered aesthetics which has dominated modern Western aesthetics discourse.
Dilthey y el giro antropológico de la filosofía
Authors: Przylebski Andrzej
Published: January 2021

Este texto es un análisis crítico de la visión del ser humana contenida en la filosofía hermenéutica de la vida elaborada por Dilthey. Dilthey basó su temprana epistemonología de las humanidades en la, así llamada, psicología descriptiva que  anticipaba la fenomenología husserliana. Intento mostrar que este concepto está explícitamente conectado con una antropología filosófica que intenta descubrir —sobre la base de una investigación histórica de la cultura humana— las categorías universales que describen la esencia del ser humano. Como consecuencia de elaborar una reflexión sobre la corporalidad de la existencia humana, la filosofía de la vida de Dilthey tiene alguna ventaja sobre la fenomenología de Husserl y la ontología fundamental de Heidegger. La vida es para él algo más que un modo de autorrealización de la conciencia: las formas de vida espirituales y culturales tienen alguna base «im naturgebundenem Leben»
Derechos de la mujer y derechos universales
Authors: Camps Victoria
Published: January 2021

Este trabajo defiende la necesidad, por razones elementales de justicia, de universalizar de manera cabal el ideal de la igualdad de derechos que inspira la concepción de los derechos humanos. Realiza un repaso por varios hitos históricos desde el siglo XIX en una lucha que todavía a finales del siglo siguiente revela que la aspiración a la igualdad de derechos políticos de la mujer sigue siendo un reto pendiente de carácter legal, moral y político.
Escepticismo, falibilismo y verosimilitud
Authors: Niiniluoto Ilkka
Published: January 2021

En la epistemología moderna, el falibilismo es una vía media entre el dogmatismo y el escepticismo. Su origen histórico se encuentra en una rama de la antigua escuela del escepticismo académico. Ya que la diferencia entre las formas fuerte y débil del falibilismo, así como la distinción entre probabilidad epistémica y verosimilitud, sólo han sido comprendidas en las últimas dos décadas, no podemos esperar encontrar formulaciones claras de dichas doctrinas entre los filósofos griegos y romanos. Pero hemos mostrado que las dos ideas centrales del falibilismo –el grado de certeza y el grado de cercanía a la verdad– están presentes en la tradición escéptica al menos desde los tiempos de Cicerón.
Исторический опыт правового просвещения на Дальнем Востоке России (1917–1941 гг.)
Authors: Орнацкая Т.А.
Published: January 2021

В монографии на основе широкого круга источников анализируется исторический опыт правового просвещения на Дальнем Востоке России в 1917–1941 гг. В работе рассматриваются теоретические подходы к изучению правового просвещения; исследуются этапы становления советской системы правового просвещения; анализируются особенности правового просвещения в системе профессиональной подготовки сотрудников дальневосточных государственных органов; изучается процесс формирования правовой культуры сотрудников органов милиции Дальнего Востока.
Consanguinity, awareness, and genetic disorders among female university students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alahdal Hadil , Alshanbari Huda , Almazroa Hana , Alayesh Sarah , Alrhaili Alaa , Alqubi Nora , Alzamil Fai , Albassam Reem
Published: January 2021

Background: There is a high rate of consanguinity and related genetic diseases in the general population of Saudi Arabia. Studies have been conducted to address the level of awareness about consanguineous marriages (CM); however, targeted young female studies are still limited. The association between consanguinity and socio-demographic information and the prevalence of consanguinity among educated female university students of Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, is being addressed in the present study.
Methodology: A cross-sectional web-based questionnaire study was conducted randomly among PNU students from October 3 to November 2, 2019. Multivariable data analysis was conducted, and an odds ratio was calculated to identify factors associated with CM and health outcomes.
Results: Among the 637 students who completed the questionnaire, consanguinity was significantly higher among participants than their parents, as 37.88% of the 293 married participants had CM. A strong correlation was found between parents and their daughters; consanguinity was highest (52.27%) in the daughters of parents who were in consanguineous marriages themselves. The general high level (91.51%) of awareness about CMs consequences and their link to genetic diseases was found. However, a lack of knowledge about the type of diseases was noted among participants. Diabetes and blood diseases were the most common diseases in different CM groups.
Conclusion: Despite the high levels of awareness, more targeted awareness campaigns are needed, especially among the younger generation.
PENDAMPINGAN PELATIHAN PENCATATAN AKUNTANSI PADA CV. HASTA KARYA DALAM RANGKA PENINGKATAN KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Sari Deviana , Azriya Niar , Wijayanti Trisna
Published: January 2021

Laporan keuangan memiliki fungsi sebagai alat komunikasi antara data keuangan atau aktivitas keuangan perusahaan dan pihak–pihak yang berkepentingan dengan data atau aktivitas perusahaan tersebut. Laporan keuangan terdiri dari neraca, laporan laba/rugi, dan laporan perubahan modal. CV. Hasta karya merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang kontraktor dan baru berdiri pada  tahun 2018. CV. Hasta Karya belum memiliki prosedur keuangan yang baku dan sistem keuangan yang terintegrasi, pencatatan siklus akuntansi masih dilakukan secara manual. Oleh karena itu, perlunya peningkatan dalam pencatatan proses akuntansi dan peningkatan dalam ilmu keuangan khususnya bagi para manager dan karyawan dibagian keuangan, agar kinerja perusahaan dapat tergambar didalam laporan keuangan serta hasilnya dapat di analisis untuk pengambilan keputusan. Kegiatan ini menghasilkan luaran berupa aplikasi sistem informasi akuntansi (Accurate), prosedur keuangan untuk mendukung kegiatan perusahaan agar sesuai dengan standar keuangan yang berlaku umum.
Engineering Emotional Intelligence in Moroccan Primary School
Authors: Muftisada Jaouad  , Mustapha Bassiri  , Malika Tridane  , Said Belaaouad
Published: January 2021

The Moroccan socio-economic context is more and more weakened by a dynamic of accelerated measures aimed at redressing the financial deficits of the state. The first emotionally impacted by this dynamic are parents and therefore their children who begin to live in a universe dominated by fluctuations and unforeseen events.This article will therefore explore the emotional situation of Moroccan pupils at the beginning of schooling and identify their needs in this area, in order to initiate a dynamic of engineering emotional intelligence in primary school.The study was carried out in 3 school groups in Casablanca on a mixed population of 160 pupils and was spread out over a month. The used tools comprised interviews with survey filling to measure the degree of awareness of emotions on the part of these pupils and their teachers. Subsequently, the population was subjected to two tests respectively of impulses control and team spirit.The results show an initial dominance of emotions in the studied population and demonstrate the major interest of a gradual integration of emotional intelligence courses in the primary cycle of education.
Smart Routing Protocol Algorithm Using Fuzzy Artificial Neural Network OSPF
Authors: Sami Hasan  , Abdulhakeem Amer
Published: January 2021

The OSPF cost is proportionally indicated the transmitting packet overhead through a certain interface and inversely proportional to the interface bandwidth. Thus, this cost may minimized by direct packet transmitting to the other side via various probable paths simultaneously. Logically, the minimum weight path is the optimum path. This paper propose a novel Fuzzy Artificial Neural Network to create Smart Routing Protocol Algorithm. Consequently, the Fuzzy Artificial Neural Network Overlap has been reduced from (0.883 ms) to (0.602 ms) at fuzzy membership 1.5 to 4.5 respectively. This indicated the transmission time is two-fold faster than the standard overlapping time (1.3 ms).
MRI Probabilistic Neural Network Screening System: a benign and malignant recognition case study
Authors: Sami Hasan  , Mays Yousif  , Talib M. J. Al-Talib
Published: January 2021

This work is aimed to design a system which is able to diagnose two types of tumors in a human brain (benign and malignant), using curvelet transform and probabilistic neural network. Our proposed method follows an approach in which the stages are preprocessing using Gaussian filter, segmentation using fuzzy c-means and feature extraction using curvelet transform. These features are trained and tested the probabilistic neural network. Curvelet transform is to extract the feature of MRI images. The proposed screening technique has successfully detected the brain cancer from MRI images of an almost 100% recognition rate accuracy.
YouTube Keyword Search Engine Using Speech Recognition
Authors: Aymen Shakat  , Khaldun Ibraheem Arif  , Sami Hasan  , Yaser Dawood  , Mohammed A. Mohammed
Published: January 2021

Visual media is a better way to deliver the information than the old way of "reading". For that reason with the wide propagation of multimedia websites, there are large video library’s archives, which came to be a main resource for humans. This research puts its eyes on the existing development in applying classical phrase search methods to a linked vocal transcript and after that it retrieves the video, this an easier way to search any visual media. This system has been implemented using JSP and Java language for searching the speech in the videos
Nowe surowce roślinne w Farmakopei Europejskiej. Część I. Gatunki rodzaju Bupleurum (przewiercień) – źródło nowego surowca saponinowego
Authors: Ekiert Halina , Sondej Agnieszka , Klimek-Szczykutowicz Marta , Ekiert Radosław J. , Szopa Agnieszka
Published: January 2021

One of the last supplements to the European Pharmacopoeia (Supl. 9.4) introduces several new herbal medicinal raw materials, so far unknown and not used in official Central European phytotherapy. The article describes plant species from Bupleurum genus providing new saponin raw material. The botanical and ecological characteristics as well as the current state of research on the chemistry of pharmacopoeial species from that genus were presented. The confirmed by scientific researches therapeutic applications of plant raw material – Bupleuri radix, were described particularly. Attention was paid to the position of that raw material in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). It was emphasized that for about 20 years, it has had the World Health Organization (WHO) monograph. In addition, the importance of this plant in the food industry and its increasing status in the cosmetic industry were pointed. The aim of the article is the popularization of basic knowledge about pharmacopoeial species from Bupleurum genus in the Polish pharmaceutical, medical and phytotherapeutical environment.
Owoce maliny czarnej (Rubus occidentalis L.) w profilaktyce i terapii niektórych chorób nowotworowych – aktualny stan badań
Authors: Kula Marta , Sparzak-Stefanowska Barbara , Krauze-Baranowska Mirosława
Published: January 2021

Black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) is a plant found in the natural state in eastern North America. In recent years, there has been growing interest in its fruits, mainly due to the results of scientific research, pointing to the health benefits associated with their consumption. Research concerning biological activity of black raspberry fruit includes chemopreventive activity, protective activity against UV radiation, mainly in the context of generating cancerous changes as well as inhibiting their development. Persistent oxidative stress and its accompanying inflammation result in disturbances in the structure and function of healthy cells, and may be related to neoplastic transformation, manifested by DNA damage, increased proliferation, survival, migration and angiogenesis. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies as well as clinical trials confirm the chemopreventive activity of R. occidentalis fruits in va-rious types of cancer. This activity includes regulation of carcinogenic factors metabolism, inhibition of cell growth, promotion of apoptosis and reduction of expression of inflammation and angiogenesis markers. The chemopreventive activity of R. occidentalis fruit results, among other things, from the high content of anthocyanins, which are one of the strongest antioxidants.
Olej kokosowy – możliwości zastosowań kosmetycznych
Authors: Piotrowska Anna , Totko-Borkusiewicz Natalia , Klucznik Adrianna
Published: January 2021

Coconut oil is a substance obtained form coconut palm fruit grown mainly in Africa. It is a material with many application. It is valued by the cosmetic industry and enjoys an increasing interest of individual clients. To learn its properties and possibilities of use in the cosmetic industry, the literature from 2004-2018 was reviewed. Copra is the part of the fruit that is rich of fatty compounds, carbohydrates and proteins. Depending on the methods of obtaining several types of coconut oil are distinguished: coconut butter, coconut oil extracted from copra, fractionated coconut oil and coconut oil from fresh flesh. Each one of these materials due to differences in composition may have other cosmetic properties. Coconut oil is a product rich in medium chain fatty acids, contains vitamin E and K, iron and phenolic compounds. Because of that it has some antioxidant effect, enhancing cellular and anti-aging immunity. In traditional and modern cosmetology it is valued for its ability to bind water, retain it in deeper skin layers and to create a protective antimicrobial barrier. It has been shown that coconut oil reduces the colonization of Candida fungi and also has relativity high SPF index in comparison with other vegetables oils. All these properties also make it extremely useful in haircare. Many studies confirm positive effect of using coconut oil in case of atopic dermatitis, hyperkeratosis and dryness. It is use in massage salons as an excellent lubricant. His role in skin care of newborns was also indicated. Coconut oil is safe and relatively cheap compound but it is use in many aspects is conditioned only by traditional knowledge not supported by many research. Returning to natural sources of cosmetics raw materials requires increasing efforts towards scientific confirmation of their operation.
Działanie in vitro olejku cyprysowego (Oleum Cupressi) na bakterie beztlenowe
Authors: Kędzia Anna , Hołderna-Kędzia Elżbieta
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) belongs to the family Cupressaceae. It is evergreen, and grows in Mediterranean region. The Cypress leaves and young branches are utilized to produce the essential oil. Cypress oil contain a number of components, in it α-pinene, Δ3-carene, α-terpinyl acetate, cedrol, α-terpinolene, β-myrcene, limonene, α-terpineolene, terpinen-4-ol, β-pinene, δ-cadinene and sabinene. The oil is used in therapy different diseases. It to have antimicrobial activity. Aim. The aim of the date was evaluation the susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to Cypress oil. Material and methods. The anaerobic bacteria were isolated from patients. The 62 microorganisms, in it 36 strains of Gram-negative rods, 14 Gram-positive cocci and 12 Gram-positive rods, and 7 reference strains were tested. Susceptibility (MIC) was determined by means of plate dilution technique in Brucella agar supplemented with 5% defibrynated sheep blood, menadione and hemin. The Cypress oil was dissolved in DMSO and distilled water to obtain final following concentrations: 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0 mg/ml. Inoculum containing 106 CFU per 1 ml was seeded with Steers replicator upon the agar with oil or without the oil (strains growth control). The agar plates was incubated in anaerobic condition in anaerobic jar in 37°C for 48 hrs. The MIC was interpreted as the lowest concentration of Cypress oil inhibiting the growth of tested bacteria. Results. The results indicated that from among Gram-negative rods the most susceptible to Cypress oil was the strains from genus Tannerella forsythia (MIC < 2.5-5.0 mg/ml), Bacteroides uniformis (MIC = 5.0 mg/ml), Bacteroides vulgatus and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica (MIC 5.0-7.5 mg/ml) and Porphyromonas levii (MIC = 7.5 mg/ml). The strains from genera Fusobacterium and of Bacteroides fragilis were the susceptible to 2.5-≥ 20.0 mg/ml. The Cypress oil was least active towards Prevotella and Parabacteroides strains (MIC ≥ 20.0 mg/ml).The tested Gram-positive cocci were more susceptible. The growth of the strains were inhibited by concentrations in ranges ≤ 2.5-7.5 mg/ml. The oil was minor active towards Gram-positive rods (MIC ≤ 2.5-20.0 mg/ml). Among the strains the genus of Actinomyces odontolyticus (MIC = 5.0 mg/ml) and Actinomyces viscosus (MIC ≤ 2.5-7.5 mg/ml) were the most susceptible. The growth of rods of Bifidobacterium breve was inhibited by concentrations 10.0 mg/ml. The data indicates that the Gram-negative rods were the less susceptible than Gram-positive bacteria to cypress oil. Conclusions. Among Gram-negative rods the most susceptible were the strains Tannerella forsythia, Bacteroides uniformis, Bacteroides vulgatus, Porphyromonas asaccharolytica and Porphyromonas levii. The oil was more active against Gram-positive cocci. Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria demonstrate the more susceptible to Cypress oil then Gram-positive rods.
Does the Organizational Commitment Act as a Mediator of the Impact of the Organizational Culture and Compensation on the Performance of Employees?
Authors: Sabtohadi Joko
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to examine the impact of organizational culture and compensation on the performance of employees and the indirect impact of organizational culture and compensation on the performance of employees through organizational commitment. Based on the study's goals, this study used a quantitative approach. Primary data collection analysis has been carried out using survey techniques. The study was conducted on 56 respondents who were Balitbangda workers, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. Review of the data used in this analysis using SEM-PLS. The results demonstrated the impact of the organizational culture, the compensation and the organizational commitment to the success of the business.
Keywords—Organizational culture; Compensation; Organizational Commitment; Employee Performance
Local competing in interpolation problems
Authors: Знаменский Сергей Витальевич
Published: January 2021

Простой пример иллюстрирует недостаточность известных подходов к интерполяции в задаче восстановления функции по немногим заданным отчётливо передающим форму частным значениям.

Известные подходы дополняет локальный выбор между полиномиальной и рациональной локальными интерполянтами, минимизирующий ошибки локальной интерполянты в ближайших внешних узлах c одной или разных сторон. Новый подход сочетает предельную вычислительную простоту локальных интерполянт с тщательностью их подбора.

Принципы построения алгоритма сформулированы в общем виде для отображений метрических пространств. Они обеспечивают точное (за редкими исключениями) восстановление отображений, локально совпадающих с какими-то из заданных возможных интерполянт.

В одномерном случае двухэтапный алгоритм гарантирует непрерывность интерполянты и точное восстановление одновременно
полиномов малой степени, несложных рациональных функций с линейным знаменателем и ломаных из длинных звеньев с узлами на концах
в типичных ситуациях, когда эти требования не противоречивы.

Дополнительный параметр позволяет заменить точное восстановление ломаных требуемой гладкостью интерполяции.
O efeito da estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea no limiar de dor no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Da Costa Sâmia Aimê Flor , Fonseca Elivelton da Costa , De Menezes João Vitor Normando , Filho Luiz Euclides Coelho de Souza , Torres Daniel da Costa , Normando Valéria Marques Ferreira
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Verificar possíveis efeitos da eletroestimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea no limiar de dor no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca por esternotomia, advindos de uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de estudos controlados, baseado no PRISMA. Foram utilizadas as bases de dados Cochrane Library, PEDro, Pubmed/MEDLINE, Embase e BVS, sendo pesquisadas pela combinação dos descritores esternotomia e estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea, sem restrição de idioma e período. A qualidade metodológica dos artigos foi avaliada pela escala PEDro. Procedeu-se a leitura, análise, extração e síntese dos dados. Resultados: De um total de 83 artigos, apenas 2 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. A amostra combinada dos artigos foi de 40 indivíduos submetidos a esternotomia mediana, que receberam a intervenção no primeiro dia de pós-operatório. Ambos os estudos foram classificados com nota inferior a seis na escala PEDro. As intervenções foram heterogêneas variando o número de intervenções por dia e os parâmetros de aplicação. Considerações Finais: A revisão sistemática não apontou garantias da eficácia da estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea no tratamento da dor pós cirurgia cardíaca.
Herniation of the cauda equina into the facet joint through a pseudomeningocele: A case report and literature review
Authors: Iida Jumpei , Miyakoshi Naohisa , Hongo Michio , Sasaki Hiroshi , Ito Hiroki , Kubota Hitoshi , Sato Takeshi , Shimada Yoichi
Published: January 2021

Background:

Incidental durotomy is a well-known complication of spinal surgery. It can lead to persistent cerebrospinal fluid leakage resulting in significant secondary complications. Here, we present a case in which the cauda equina herniated into a pseudomeningocele that penetrated a facet joint, leading to lower extremity radiculopathy warranting surgical correction.

Case Description:

One year ago, a 67-year-old male underwent a partial left L4-L5 laminectomy. At surgery, a durotomy was repaired with a nylon suture and reinforced with a fat patch. He subsequently presented with severe left lower extremity radiculopathy and a partial cauda equina syndrome. On MR, the cauda equina had herniated into a pseudomeningocele that penetrated the left facet joint. Once the defect was repaired at surgery, the patient’s symptoms improved.

Conclusion:

It is critical to correctly repair an intraoperative durotomy to avoid further neurological deficits that may include cauda equina herniation into pseudomeningoceles penetrating facet joints.
Synthesis and styrene copolymerization of novel trisubstituted ethylenes: 6. Methyl and methoxy ring-disubstituted 2-methoxyethyl 2-cyano-3-phenyl-2-propenoates
Authors: Bobrov Sean F. , Bruce Elizabeth J. , Buttice Kailee J. , Cortes Eduardo , Cotter Fiona M. , Fortune Kathleen M. , Galkina Svetlana , Goedert Nick , Jurgerson Erin D. , Mcgowen Kelly J. , Nufer Maximilian J. , Patel Esha K. , Rocus Sara M. , Schjerven William S. , Kharas Gregory
Published: January 2021

Novel trisubstituted ethylenes, methyl and methoxy ring-disubstituted 2-methoxyethyl phenylcyanoacrylates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH2CH2OCH3 (where R is 2,3-dimethyl, 2,4-dimethyl, 2,5-dimethyl, 2,6-dimethyl, 3,4-dimethyl, 3,5-dimethyl, 2,3-dimethoxy, 2,4-dimethoxy, 2,5-dimethoxy, 2,6-dimethoxy, 3,4-dimethoxy, 3,5-dimethoxy) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The ethylenes were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-substituted benzaldehydes and 2-methoxyethyl cyanoacetate, and characterized by CHN analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. All the ethylenes were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70°C. The compositions of the copolymers were calculated from nitrogen analysis.
Ab Initio Prediction of High-Temperature Magnetic Relaxation Rates in Single-Molecule Magnets
Authors: Reta Daniel , Kragskow Jon G. C. , Chilton Nicholas
Published: January 2021

Organometallic molecules based on [Dy(CpR)2]+ cations have emerged as clear front-runners in the search for high-temperature single-molecule magnets. However, despite a growing family of structurally-similar molecules, these molecules show significant variations in their magnetic properties, demonstrating the importance of understanding magneto-structural relationships towards developing more efficient design strategies. Here we refine our ab initio spin dynamics methodology and show that it is capable of quantitative prediction of relative relaxation rates in the Orbach region. Applying it to all reported [Dy(CpR)2]+ cations allows us to tease out differences in their relaxation dynamics, highlighting that the main discriminant is the magnitude of the crystal field splitting. We subsequently employ the method to predict relaxation rates for a series of hypothetical organometallic sandwich compounds, revealing an upper limit to the effective barrier to magnetic relaxation of around 2200 K, which has been reached. However, we show that further improvements to single-molecule magnets can be made by moving vibrational modes off-resonance with electronic excitations.
Effectiveness of Menthol Ice Cube Application on Thirst Intensity and Oral Condition among Postoperative Patients
Authors: Karthick P  , Thenmozhi P  , Kalabarathi S
Published: January 2021

Thirst and dry mouth are frequent immediate post-operative discomfort due to prolonged fasting, medications and surgical conditions. Surgical patients are at a high-hazard group for the improvement of thirst due to prolonged fasting, use of anticholinergic and opioid medications, bleeding, among others. Thirst is an exceptional and awkward sensation, which can't be overlooked when water deprivation compromises endurance. It is one of the fundamental inconveniences in the prompt postoperative period or the post-anaesthesia recovery. Menthol and ice have greater efficacy to relieve the thirst. Hence the study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of menthol ice cube application on thirst intensity and oral condition among post-operative patients. The pre-experimental research design was adopted to conduct the study with 30 samples who met inclusion criteria were selected by using a convenience sampling technique. Pre-test assessment was done by thirst intensity scale and oral condition assessment tool. Menthol ice cube was administered to the study group. The post-test assessment was observed after one hour and two hours of administration of the menthol ice cube application. There was a statistical significant change in thirst intensity and oral conditions between pre and post intervention within the study group and the level of thirst intensity were statistically associated with age group at the level of P<0.05. The findings of the study concluded that menthol ice cube application is effective in relieving thirst intensity and improve the oral conditions among patients underwent abdominal surgery. It is also a safe, harmless, cost effective, and feasible is feasible to administer.
Open Surgical Guides – A Novel Concept in Computer Guided Implantology
Authors: Anil Kumar CH  , Ramana Kumar K.V.  , Paul T Joyes  , Padmanabhan P
Published: January 2021

Dental implants have become so popular that more than 5 million implants are placed each year by dentists in the United States alone. However, it is generally observed that a majority of implants are placed in a less-than-ideal manner. Computer-guided surgeries are proven to have a positive impact on implant placement as well as implant treatment planning. But, despite the indisputable compensations, only a partial number of clinicians regularly practice directed transplant surgery nowadays. This article aims to examine the challenges in guided implant surgery and how a novel concept of the open guide is trying to solve these issues. The latter was used during a CT scan and was eventually converted into an actual surgical guide. However, using conventional guides is not a guarantee for proper implant placement. The reason for that was inherent in their design. Conventional guides take marvelous leeway in the drilling trajectory and no drilling depth control. Using them relies on several variables that may not be trustworthy, such as hand stability, patient immobility, and another person’s feedback on the drilling angle. Bone quality can also affect the osteotomy in situations of immediate implant placement, as the drills commonly bounce off dense bone affecting the angulation and point of entry. From a safety perspective, conventional guides do not consider the patient’s relevant anatomy.
Evaluation and Assessment of Efficient Psidium Guajava and Mentha Piperita Fresh Leaves Juice for Perio Pathogens
Authors: Ramesh G  , Pratyusha  , Sivasankari S  , Malini Evangeline Rose
Published: January 2021

The research was assessed to evaluate the efficacy of fresh juice of Psidium guajava and Mentha piperita against selected aerobic and anaerobic bacterial strain. The fresh juice was extracted and evaluated for its antimicrobial activity on anaerobic pathogens like Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Prevotella intermedia (Pi). Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration. Long before since from the ancient time, humankind depended on the trees and herbs for medicines to alleviate ailments, search for better health, fragrance, flavours and food. In ancient time human beings depended on animals and plants for his food, shelter demand etc. Over 5000 years, peoples of India and China kept on the use of plants for food as well as to protect from disease. Most of the dental problems are due to microorganism (Oral Pathogens) like Fusobacterium, Actinomyces, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Eubacterium, Bacteroids, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus etc. Microbial debridement might uproot pathogenic living being due to their area. Previously, subepithelial gingival tissues, crevicular epithelial cells, other anatolian dialect features entangling sufficient defiant. The results indicate that Psidium guajava and Mentha piperita leaves shows significant Antimicrobial activity due to the presence of flavonoids. This work is more useful in health Mentha Piperita Fresh Leaves Juice for Perio Pathogens.
A study on the agents that reduces the nicotine induced nicotinic receptor density in wistar rats
Authors: Bhanu Prakash G  , Rajagopalan Vijayaraghavan  , Senthilkumar Sivanesan  , Madhankumar Swaminathan
Published: January 2021

The most important substance causing addiction towards cigarette is nicotine. Nicotine abstinence causes withdrawal symptoms in smokers. It is not just nicotine, along with it is the upregulation of nicotinic receptor density (NRD) that leads to addiction. All together makes nicotine deaddiction the most difficult aspect. Nicotine receptor density increases as long as the person is exposed to nicotine. When once the NRD is initiated by nicotine, later though you stop smoking, the increased nicotine receptors create an urge to smoke. Hence the person feels to smoke for satisfying the nicotine receptors. The smokers may attempt to quit smoking but the NRD will create an urge for nicotine again. One cannot completely quit smoking or cannot stop taking nicotine, until the NRD is reduced to normal. In our present study we have studied the effect of citric acid and tyrosine on decreasing nicotinic receptor density. We have induced the nicotinic receptor density to raise and studied the citric acid and tyrosine’s effect in maintaining the NRD closer to normal. The study concludes that citric acid and tyrosine have reduced the NRD significantly. This can control withdrawal symptoms and can stop craving for nicotine and finally can lead to cessation of smoking and from taking nicotine therapy.