bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extracorporeal acidic predigestion of commercial dry diets can reduce the incidence of body deformities in the stomachless fish crucian carp (Carassius carassius L.)
Authors: Kamiński Rafał , Sikorska Justyna , Wolnicki Jacek
Published: August 2021

The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that predigesting commercial dry diets for fish with hydrochloric acid (HCl) can contribute to the reduction of the incidence of body deformities in a stomachless cyprinid species intensively reared under controlled conditions. Two different dry diets (Carpco Crumble by Coppens International and Aller Futura by Aller Aqua), their respective variants modified with HCl, and frozen larval chironomids (control diet) were fed as sole food sources to juvenile Carassius carassius in a recirculating aquaculture system at 25°C for 60 days. At the end of the experiment, visible body deformities occurred exclusively in the groups fed dry diets. The shares of deformities were significantly lower in fish groups fed the modified diets (6.1–13.2%) as compared to those fed the original ones (74.0–87.0%). Fish in the latter groups had significantly the highest condition factor values, which indicated a possible phosphorus deficiency. As evidenced by our results, predigesting commercial dry diets with HCl can be a useful method to mitigate the problem of body deformities occurring in intensively fed cyprinid species.
Influence of the size and form of Artemia sp. nauplii on the growth and survival of Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus Mitchill) larvae
Authors: Piotrowska Iwona , Szczepkowska Bożena , Kozłowski Michał
Published: August 2021

The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the size and form of Artemia sp. feed on the rearing indices of Atlantic sturgeon larvae. In the experiment, the nauplius sizes used were 480 µm (group AD), 430 µm (group AM), and 430 µm frozen nauplii (group AI). After three weeks of rearing, the sturgeon from group AD had the highest mean body weight of 0.131 g that was statistically significantly different from groups AM (0.071 g) and AI (0.033 g). The longest total length was noted in group AD (2.8 cm) and was statistically different from the others (P ≤ 0.05). Specific growth rate in groups AD and AM was 14.7 and 11.8% d−1, respectively, and these values differed statistically from those in group AI at 7.8% d−1. The highest survival rate was recorded in group AD at 60.6%, while the lowest was noted in group AI at 15.6%, and the differences between these two groups were statistically significant. The results of the experiment indicated that a feed of live 480 µm Artemia sp. nauplius significantly accelerated the growth rates and increased the survival rates of Atlantic sturgeon larvae.
Impact of the Duration of Larval Yolk Sac Absorption on the Development of Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum 1792) Fry
Authors: Kurtela Antonia
Published: August 2021

Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum 1792) larvae that first started active feeding were separated into 3 replicate batches (1A, 1B, 1C) with 100 individuals each, while four days later, the fry that last started active feeding were also distributed in 3 replicate batches (2A, 2B, 2C) with 100 individuals. Four measurements were performed with an interval of four days between the first and second measurements, as well as between the third and fourth measurements, to compare the initial masses of individuals by groups (1ABC and 2ABC) on the same day from the beginning of active feeding. The average initial body weight of the fry per batch in each measurement was generally higher in the first group (1ABC) than in the second group (2ABC). However, when comparing the weight of both groups for the same number of days from the beginning of active feeding, it is noticed that the second group (2ABC) has a higher average individual weight than the first group (1ABC). There was no statistically significant difference (one-way ANOVA, p>0.05) in SGRw between the groups in the first three measurements, while there is a statistically significant difference (one-way ANOVA, p<0.05) in SGRw in the fourth measurement. Group 2ABC has a significantly higher SGRw (5.0064%day−1±0.05394) than group 1ABC (4.7711%day−1±0.01715). This leads to the conclusion that in the second group 2ABC, the backlog of 4 days in mass was compensated. It is also noted that mortality in the first group (1ABC) was only 1%, while in the second group (2ABC) it was 3.7%. Consequently, a higher density of the fry in the first group (1ABC) could have an impact on a lower growth rate.
Lunar Periodicity in Reproduction of Senatorial Scallop (Chlamys Senatoria Gmelin, 1791) in Asid Gulf, Masbate, Philippines
Authors: Cabiles Christian D.
Published: August 2021

In Masbate, senatorial scallop Chlamys senatoria is one of the five commercially important species of scallop present in Asid Gulf, but its basic biology is poorly understood in the Philippines. To provide biological information for future conservation and management, the reproductive rhythm of senatorial scallop in relation to lunar phase was investigated from October 2016 to March 2017. Scallops were collected daily from the fishers’ catches and were measured, dissected, and processed for histological analysis; whereas, fecundity and size of eggs (diameter) were also determined. Ecological parameter such as bottom water temperature was monitored during the sampling period. Results showed that C. senatoria is a highly fecund species, which ranges from 8.3 X 105 to 2.1 X 106 oocytes per female and its sizes (oocytes) ranges from 53.8 µm to 72.5 µm while Gonado-somatic index (GSI) ranges from 3.2 to 7.1. Fecundity, egg diameter, and the GSI decreased during new moon (NM) and full moon (FM). GSI indicates that the onset of spawning activity commences during NM and FM. Environmental parameters that were monitored showed significant variations in relation to lunar phase. Spawning of scallop C. senatoria follows a lunar reproductive pattern, which was initiated and influenced by the variations of different factors such as temperature, water amplitude, and light as the effect of lunar/tidal cycles. These findings indicate that reproduction and necessarily spawning in the scallop are related to factors associated with lunar phases. Strategies for managing the resource can be formulated using the temporal dimension of lunar phases.
Creativity in Humans, Robots, Humbots
Authors: Lubart Todd , Esposito Dario , Gubenko Alla , Houssemand Claude
Published: August 2021

This paper examines three ways that robots can interface with creativity. In particular, social robots which are designed to interact with humans are examined. In the first mode, human creativity can be supported by social robots. In a second mode, social robots can be creative agents and humans serve to support robot’s productions. In the third and final mode, there is complementary action in creative work, which may be collaborative co-creation or a division of labor in creative projects. Illustrative examples are provided and key issues for further discussion are raised.
Creativity, Learning and Technology: Lights and Insights for New Worldmaking Possibilities in Education
Authors: Valquaresma Andreia , Coimbra Joaquim Luís
Published: August 2021

Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, creativity, learning, and technology became guiding lights for the debate on transforming conceptions and practices within education systems around the world.

Given creativity’s intersubjective and agentic nature, it can work as an invaluable resource when promoting learning in formal and informal educational settings. Notwithstanding, these same features make it a challenge to know the conditions under which creativity development can be propelled through technology in educational contexts.

Moreover, the technological revolution seems to have accelerated the pace of contemporary societies, often demanding rapid responses to creative challenges. Yet, from a developmental and constructivist standpoint, creativity is embedded in an intricate matrix where individual and sociocultural influences interact to help construct new ways of “worldmaking”. Thus, it can be envisioned as an attribute of the complexity of a psychological subject’s sociocognitive-emotional structures, whose development occurs in the interstitial space between self, others and the world, requiring time to manifest.

Considering that technology modifies the person’s relation, action, construction of world(s), of others and self, we intend to discuss the mode and extent to which it can effectively be inscribed into education to promote the development of creativity. In this conceptual paper, we explore the impact on the continuous process of worldmaking (from where creativity blooms) of moving towards an ever-growing technological society, capable of innovative answers to the pandemic (e.g., distance learning) and other unpredictable challenges. We conclude by discussing how the so-called (re)constructive exploration pedagogies can be aligned with technology-based educational programs – capitalizing on their potential to transform human thinking, (inter)acting, and experiencing-, to nurture the development of creativity in education.
Self-Regulation in Creative Learning: Agentic Perspective
Authors: Zielińska Aleksandra , Lebuda Izabela , Jankowska Dorota M. , Karwowski Maciej
Published: August 2021

Creativity is agentic, and so is learning. People create and learn new things most effectively when they are convinced that they can respond appropriately to the task (creative confidence) and value the activity at hand. This investigation explores the role of the relatively understudied aspect of creative agency: self-regulatory strategies. In a longitudinal study, we tested whether self-regulation strategies, previously found to be essential drivers of academic achievement and learning in general (rehearsal, elaboration, critical thinking, and metacognition), might also support creativity in learning. Specifically, we tested sequential mediation, where creative confidence and self-regulation longitudinally mediated the relationship between creative potential (divergent thinking) and effective application of creative skills to solve problems embedded in school subjects. Our findings confirm that self-regulatory strategies predict providing creative solutions to school tasks (a proxy of creative learning) and mediate the relationship between divergent thinking, creative confidence, and creative learning.
Autofluorescence bronchoscopy and lung cancer diagnosis
Authors: Bădescu Camelia , Mihălṭan Florin
Published: August 2021

Lung cancer (LC), is a disease who has increasing prevalence, with a major impact to morbidity and mortality but also significant consumption of resources. The incidence of LC cases is in progression and early diagnosis becomes extremely important in increasing the quality of life and survival. Detection of preneoplastic mucosal lesions can be performed with autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AF). This is not a new method of diagnosis being still in research for standardization and an applicability as easy as possible. AF should be used as a screening method in pacients with suspected LC.
Analysis of air pollution exposure in the area of Iasi county – a warning signal for lung health and the risk of developing COPD
Authors: Buculei Ioana , Dobrin Mona-Elisabeta , Tesloianu Anda , Vicol Cristina , Dabija Radu-Adrian Crișan , Antoniu Sabina , Rohozneanu Oana Elena , Trofor Antigona Carmen
Published: August 2021

Air pollution is a major threat to public health, and the effects of pollution are perceived in all countries of the world, by all social categories, regardless of age. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a growing prevalence worldwide and an increasing number of risk factors that exacerbate symptoms and accelerate disease progression. Exposure to air pollution is one of the less studied and less investigated risk factors for COPD. Depending on the size and chemical nature of the pollutant, it can overcome the defence mechanism of the respiratory system and enter the lung tissues, thus causing some respiratory diseases. The World Health Organisation (WHO) reports that six major air pollutants have been identified, namely particulate matter (PM), ground-level ozone, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and lead. The severe impact of PM exposure is demonstrated by the link between exposure to high concentrations of PM and certain severe diseases such as silicosis, lung cancer, cardiovascular disease and COPD. In Iași County, Romania, air quality measurements are performed by six automatic air quality monitoring stations, and the data obtained are used to create annual reports and these are also available online. Due to the high concentrations of air pollutants, the city of Iași is one of the three topmost polluted cities in Romania. A future assessment on the impact of air pollution on the health of the inhabitants of these cities and the implementation of new methods to improve air quality is needed.
Disseminated Mycobacterium tuberculosis following renal transplant: A case report
Authors: Sadeghi-Haddad-Zavareh Mahmoud , Roushan Mohammad Reza Hasanjani , Afshar Zeinab Mohseni , Bayani Masomeh , Ebrahimpour Soheil , Saeedi Shahab , Babazadeh Arefeh
Published: August 2021

Miliary tuberculosis (TB) presents a major challenge following a renal transplant in humans. In the current report, we described a patient with disseminated TB following renal transplantation. The article presents the case of a 38-year-old man who presented an 8-month history of fever, chills, sweating, low-back pain and significant weight loss. Chest radiography and computed tomography (CT) scan showed miliary nodules distributed in the two lungs. The transbronchial lung biopsy revealed a granulomatous reaction with caseous necrosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain found multiple tuberculomas. Also, MRI of the lumbosacral was indicative of a psoas abscess. Therefore, miliary pulmonary, cerebral and spinal TB was confirmed. The patient was started on an anti-TB regimen and paravertebral aspiration was also done. The patient’s condition improved considerably. In conclusion, this case report can remind us of the importance of maintaining a high clinical suspicion and performing a thorough workup to establish a timely diagnosis and treatment of miliary TB.
Current Trends in Prostate Cancer Etiology, Pathogenesis and Diagnostics
Authors: Folkmanis Kristofs , Junk Elizabete , Merdane Evelīna , Folkmane Inese , Folkmanis Valdis , Isajevs Sergejs
Published: August 2021

Prostate cancer (PCa) remains the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men, with an estimated 1.1 million diagnoses worldwide in 2012, accounting for 15% of all cancers diagnosed. In many cases, successful treatment of prostate cancer is difficult due to late detection and rate of metastasis. Importantly, the tumours of many patients with prostate cancer become refractory to androgen therapy and progress to metastatic castration-resistant disease. An effective treatment course of prostate cancer patients requires predictive biomarkers in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer that support individual treatment. Different risk classification tools have been developed to distinguish patients with early PCa according to the prognosis, including the D’Amico classification system, the Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment score, and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network risk groups classification. Unfortunately, there is still no single, universal, cheap, non-invasive, early prostate cancer diagnostic tool, as serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) has not approved expectations and is not implemented in standardised prostate cancer screening. The aim of this review was to provide current state of art knowledge of prostate cancer screening, diagnosis, staging and future perspectives and directions.
Accelerated Laboratory Testing for Reflective Cracking
Authors: Lobază Mihai Gabriel
Published: August 2021

One of the most used methods of rehabilitation of road structures is the laying of a protective asphalt layer over a degraded concrete. The main problem of this solution is the reflective cracking, more precisely the transmission of the existing cracks in the lower layer in the asphalt pavement.

The method presented in this article involves an accelerated laboratory test on specimens composed of a pre-cracked concrete slab over which an asphalt slab is glued, subjected to equivalent traffic loads. This test allows the observation of the crack propagation from the lower layer to the upper layer, until it yields, through parameters such as deformed specimen, opening and length of the crack in asphalt, but also the opening of the existing crack in concrete, relative to the number of cycles.

By relating these parameters, important conclusions can be drawn about the behavior of the composite structure at reflective cracking, being able to choose the optimal recipe of the protective asphalt layer.
Carbonation Resistance Classes of Concretes
Authors: Moraru Cristinel , Apostu Adelina , Georgescu Dan
Published: August 2021

Concrete carbonation is a phenomenon that occurs by the penetration into the cement stone of CO2 present in the atmosphere. The phenomenon occurs in the presence of water in which CO2 dissolves, forming carbonate ions, which in turn react with calcium ions in the pores of the concrete, resulting in calcium carbonate (calcite). The diffusion of CO2 occurs through pores and surface defects, it thus penetrates deeper into the concrete and the carbonation reaction can occur at a greater depth, eventually exceeding the thickness of the cover, causing corrosion of the reinforcement. [1]

In the case of reinforced concrete bridges, corrosion induced by carbonation of concrete is one of the main causes of degradation. Thus, in the design stage of the reinforced concrete bridge structures, the inevitable process of carbonation of the concrete must be taken into account, in the design of the durability, by calculating the thickness of the concrete cover layer.

This article aims to present the concept of carbonation resistance class, which will be a major change in the standard based on which the thickness of the concrete cover for reinforcement will be determined. This presentation is made in the context of the European performance approach to durability. In this sense, an analysis of the experimental results obtained in research on concrete prepared with different types of cements, carried out in collaboration with the laboratory of the Reinforced Concrete Structures Department, within the Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest. Proposals for classification in the carbonation resistance classes for concretes prepared with two types of cements are also presented.
Short review on occupational noise exposure in the extractive industry and similar works
Authors: Duarte Joana , Castelo Branco Jacqueline , Rodrigues Fernanda , Baptista J. Santos
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Occupational noise is still a matter within the industrial practice with nefarious consequences on the worker’s health. Pulmonary diseases, cardiovascular problems, disturbances in sleep, fatigue, and, in the worst-case scenarios, hearing loss (this one with a permanent character) are some of the most common adverse effects reported in the literature. This issue covers itself in even more significant concern when analysing the mining industry context. Almost every operation works as a potential noise source, not only for the workers but also for the surrounding populations. Objective: To identify the exposure setting to occupational noise in the extractive industry and similar works (i.e. earthworks), particularly related to tasks and equipment. Methodology: The Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) was used as a guideline to help conduct the research and report of this work. The most relevant keywords were selected and later combined in the selected databases and multidisciplinary academic journals in the first phase. After, the articles were filtered with a set of exclusion criteria, to know: 1) Publication year, 2) Document type, 3) Source type, and 4) Language. The subsequent stage was to determine, within the remaining articles, the pertinence of each study and its later inclusion in the study. Each set of data was then classified according to the measurement context, and the results were analysed. Results and discussion: In the records’ identification phase, a total of 1148 papers were recovered. By applying the previously mentioned exclusion criteria, 547 were removed related to publication year, 146 due to document type, 12 related to source type and 25 because of language. Additionally, 360 records were excluded because were not in accordance with the proposed objective, 25 were duplicate articles, and 7 had no full-text available. From the last analysis, 11 more papers were excluded, which lead to a final result of 15 included studies. According to theoccupational noise measurements set, the records were divided into four categories: activity, equipment, job category, and working area. Different equipment was associated with high noise levels: crusher –between 85.6 and 104 dB, trucks and bulldozes –above 100 dB, and shovel –103 dB, whereas the only analysed activity was blasting, where studies concluded that increasing distance leads to lower noise measurement values. Conclusions: Considering this research, although it was possible to identify the tasks and equipment usually associated with occupational noise in the extractive industry, a lot of work still needs to be done, especially data analysis. However, this research serves as a starting point for future study.
The comfort parameters in indoor air of sports facilities with different ventilation regimes
Authors: Peixoto Cátia , Slezakova Klara , Pereira Maria do Carmo , Morais Simone
Published: August 2021

Introduction: In Portugal, during COVID19pandemic, sport and fitness facilities were closed. When lockdown has been lifted, in order to prevent the spread of infection, indoor sport facilities were subject to specific regulations that limited indoor occupancy as well as manner of air ventilation. This study aims to analyze the impacts of these ventilation restrictions on indoor air comfort parameters in sport fitness facilities. Methodology: Temperature (T; ºC), relative humidity (RH; %), and carbon dioxide (CO2) were continuously monitored (41 days; spring and autumn) in four fitness centers situated in Oporto metropolitan area: two of them under normal ventilation conditions (i.e. before lockdown; NV1 and NV2) and two of them under temporary restrictions for indoor ventilations and occupancy (RV1 and RV2). Results and Discussion: Under normal ventilation conditions, T in fitness centers slightly varied (in NV1:22-25 ºC; NV2: 20-23 ºC) but in both clubs the comfort recommendations (18-25 ºC) were fulfilled. On contrary, RH were below guideline values (55-75%) in NV1 (47-54%) whereas at NV2 (66-73%) it fulfilled the recommendations. When specific health regulations took place, mean T ranges were similar in both clubs (RV1: 21-23 ºC; RV2:21-23 ºC) but they both exceeded recommended comfort levels (16-21 ºC). Mean RH were in accordance with the legislative values, but the very high temporal maxima (up to 75 and 89%) indicate the possible discomforts the that exercisers might have experienced. Concerning the CO2, the obtained results showed that indoorlevels decreased when specific health restrictions were in force (11-121%) most likely due imposed guidelines for human occupancy. Conclusions: The restrictions for ventilation and human occupancy positively impacted indoor levels of CO2. However, T and RH were on several occasions outside the recommended comfort levels, especially during group activity classes. As regular exercising in environmental conditions, such as elevated T and increased RH can cause health discomforts, these parameters should be carefully maintained within the recommended ranges even under restricted ventilation scenarios.
Work-related musculoskeletal disorder and its costs: a short review
Authors: Rosado Ana Sophia , Baptista J. Santos , Guedes J.C.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorder can result from extreme physical demands at work. It has risen, mainly due to high muscle demands and static postures and generates a significant economic burden to the companies. This short review aims to point out the statistics of the most affected body parts by work-related musculoskeletal disorders, assess absenteeism and presenteeism costs, and evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions. Methodology: According to the PRISMA Statement, the search was performed in 5 electronic databases (Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Pubmed). Articles selection was made by the title and abstract analysis, especially those aiming to explain and validate the subject. If the abstract fulfils the objective, the articles were read, and studies were considered that met the defined eligibility criteria. Were chosen articles that realised measurements or considered interventions in healthy human beings, especially in the working population, dated from 2015 to 2020. Results and Discussion: The scrutinised articles were conclusive that the most affected part of the body are the upper limbs, the neck and the upper back. The statistics ofthe affected workers varied according to the country and analysed tasks, but they converge concerning the most affected body parts. It could be noted that women are more affected by musculoskeletal disorders than men, especially older women; the reason, however, is not clearly explained. Muscle injury can lead high economic burden, mostly due to absenteeism and presenteeism. It was noted that the expenditure due to presenteeism is higher comparing to absenteeism in both developed and emergent countries. Conclusions: Due to high costs, companies are deploying strategies to improve work conditions and aware the workers about health and safety. Interventions have shown to be effective in reducing the risk of injuries. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders canbe extremely damaging to the workers’ health and are costly to the companies. Support supervisor interventions effectively improve work conditions and reduce the risk of damaging outcomes, increasing workers’ health, work ability, and, consequently, productivity.
“Not the Paradise We Imagined”: The Discursive Politics of the “True Self” in Queer Middle Eastern Refugee Migrations
Authors: Jabr Suad
Published: August 2021

The use of “true self” in western media coverage of queer Middle Eastern refugees is a contradictory, unattainable identity for queer Middle Eastern refugees. This “true self” suggests that queer Middle Eastern refugees are only able to live out their essential queer selves after receiving asylum and moving to the west. This narrative of true selfhood ignores the rupturing, transformative process of refugeehood, as well as the geographical-historical conceptions of identity, and relational, place-based making of self in which refugees become refugees. True selfhood, disguised as western freedom, serves as merely another normative script in which queers in the west must present their identities as legitimate to a heteronormative, cisnormative society that does not conceptualize of other formations of self. Here, the contradiction between true selfhood and queer Middle Eastern refugeehood becomes a site where the logic of political asylum regimes breaks down, and where other understandings of queer Middle Eastern refugee selfhood may start to emerge.
Bitlis ili Mutki ilçesinde koyun keçi yetiştiren işletmelerin temel hayvan besleme bilgi düzeylerinin araştırılması
Authors: YILDIRIM Sinan , İMİK Halit , GÜNLÜ Aytekin
Published: August 2021

Türkiye’de son zamanlarda yaşanan enflasyon ve buna gıda fiyatlarının yükselmesi bitkisel ve hayvansal üretimi en çok tartışılan konular arasına almıştır. Özellikle artan kırmız et fiyatları ile başa çıkmak için artan kırmızı et ve et ürünleri ithalatı önemli bir sorundur. Bu sorunun çözümünde özellikle Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi ve küçükbaş hayvan yetiştiriciliği öncelikli bir alandır. Bu çalışmada Bitlis ili Mutki ilçesinde, koyun keçi yetiştiriciliği yapan yetiştiricilerin, sosyo ekonomik özellikleri ile hayvan besleme bilgi düzeyleri ortaya konularak rasyonel bir küçükbaş hayvan yetiştiriciliği için alınması gereken önlemlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın materyalini Bitlis ili Mutki ilçesinde koyun keçi yetiştiren işletmelerinden veri temin formları kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme ile derlenen veriler kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler bilgisayar ortamına aktarılarak SPSS.25 istatistik paket programı aracılığı ile analiz edilmiştir. Kategorik veriler Ki Kare testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Testin anlamlılık düzeyi için p<0,05 değeri kabul edilmiştir. İlçede koyun yetiştiricilerinin iş tecrübeleri 31 yıl ve üzeri (%48), ve asıl işlerinin koyun keçi yetiştiriciliği olduğu (%92,7) belirlenmiştir. Üretim biçimi olarak göçer karakter taşıdı anlaşılmıştır. Kaba yem üretiminin %68,7 oranında yapıldığı, hayvanların kışın %53,4 oranında dış ortamda yemlendiği anlaşılmıştır. Yetersiz beslemenin bir göstergesi olarak kabul edilebilecek olan pikanın %44,7 oranında bilindiği ve tespit edildiği anlaşılmıştır. Çalışmada eğitim düzeyi ile bilinçli yetiştiriciliğin göstergesi sayılabilecek uygulamaların önemli olduğu (p<0,01) ve işletme ölçeğinin büyümesinin bakım beslemenin iyileşmesine etkisinin önemli olduğu (p<0,01) tespit edilmiştir. İlçede koyun keçi yetiştiriciliğinin önemli oranda geleneksel yöntemlerle yapıldığı, bakım besleme konusunda önemli eksikliklerin olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Çalışmada alınacak önlemler ile karlı ve verimli üretimin yapılabileceği anlaşılmıştır. İşletmelerde ölçeğin büyümesinin koyun keçi yetiştiriciliğini rasyonel hale getirebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Some macrometric anatomical parameters of the adrenal glands in the New Zealand white rabbit
Authors: STAMATOVA-YOVCHEVA Kamelia , DIMITROV Rosen , DİLEK Ömer Gürkan , YOVCHEV David
Published: August 2021

The anatomical features of the rabbit adrenal glands have been investigated in some aspects, either via classic anatomical methods and routine histology, either using imaging modalities in our previous experiments. The present study is focused for obtaining data, concerning the objective values of three macrometric indices – lateromedial, craniocaudal and dorsoventral diameters. We used the cadavers of thirty-four 8-month old (sexually mature) healthy white New Zealand rabbits weighing 2.8-3.2 kg. We reached the abdominal cavity after median incision. The both kidneys were kept in abdominal cavity with a view to find more easily the location of the right and left adrenal glands. The material was documented using a digital camera. The craniocaudal, dorsoventral and lateromedial diameters have been measured using a digital caliper, as the obtained values were accurate to the second sign. Descriptive analysis of the results using Statistica 8 - StatSoft DELL was performed. The lateromedial diameter of the right adrernal gland was 5.1 mm ± 1.0, craniocaudal diameter was 9.3 mm ± 1.2 and the dorsoventral diameter - 5.0 mm ± 0.8. For the left adrenal gland were measured the following values - the lateromedial diameter was 6.5 mm ± 1.2, the craniocaudal diameter was 10. 2 mm ± 1.4 and the dorsoventral diameter was 6.3 mm ± 0.9. Our results showed that the studied parameters of the left gland were with higher values compared to the right gland. The results from the conducted anatomical study deepens the knowledge for the macroscopic features of the rabbit adrenal glands.
Effect of Concentration of Household Waste Liquid Organic Fertilizer and Planting Media on Growth and Production of Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L)
Authors: Mahdalena
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
 
"Effect of Concentration of Household Waste Liquid Organic Fertilizer and Planting Media on Growth and Production of Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L)".
The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of liquid organic fertilizer from rice washing waste on various growing media and the interaction of the two treatments on the growth and production of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L). This research was carried out for 4 months, starting from December 2020 to March 2021, the location of the research on the Practicum Field of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Widya Gama Mahakam Samarinda is located on Jln. K. H Wahid Hasyim, Sempaja Village, North Samarinda District, Samarinda City, East Kalimantan Province.
The research method used a randomized block design with a 4 x 4 factorial experiment consisting of 3 replications. The first factor is organic fertilizer of rice washing waste (P) which consists of 4 levels, namely: P0 (control), P1 250 ml + 750 ml water, P2 500 ml + 500 ml water, and P3 750 ml + 250 ml water. The second factor is the planting medium (M) which consists of 4 levels, namely M0 (control) 15 kg, M1 soil 10 kg + husk charcoal 5 kg (2: 1), M2 soil 10 kg + sawdust 5 kg (2: 1) , M3 soil 5 kg + husk charcoal 5 kg + sawdust 5 kg ( 1 : 1 : 1 ).
Observation variables were plant height, stem diameter, harvest age, and fruit weight. The results showed that the effect of liquid organic fertilizer from rice washing waste on various planting media and the interaction of the two treatments did not give the best effect on the growth and production of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L).
Keywords: Fertilizer, Fertilizer, and Organic Media.
Fatigue Testing of Cables – Issues and Lessons Learned
Authors: Lahaye Jeremy , Fitzwilliam Dan
Published: August 2021

Pedestrian bridge design is becoming more demanding and challenging as architects create new ways to experience bridges. This is particularly evident in the design of cable supported pedestrian structures.

Innovative and creative concepts require a higher level of fatigue testing to verify cable systems meet design demands and reach service design life.

The Scioto River Pedestrian Bridge is one such example of innovative pedestrian bridge design. The structure is a suspension bridge with a non-redundant main cable system. Cable supported pedestrian bridges have demonstrated a proclivity for fatigue issues in the past. To address this concern, refined fatigue testing requirements were developed which were intended to verify that the cable system and manufacturing quality control were fit for the unique structure demands. The lessons learned through the process of design, testing, and construction of the cables on this project are useful tools for teams seeking to successfully deliver future cable supported bridge projects.
Challenges in Procurement, Design and Construction of the Erasmusrand Pedestrian Bridge
Authors: Plessis Gerhard Du , Kruger Edwin , Agaienz Alan
Published: August 2021

The new Erasmusrand Pedestrian bridge replaced the previously severely damaged pedestrian bridge spanning across the National Route N1 highway in Pretoria, South Africa, for the South African National Roads Agency SOC Ltd (SANRAL). The structure consists of a steel arch supporting a composite steel/concrete deck with inclined square hollow steel struts. The bridge spans 73m across a 10-lane dual carriageway freeway providing access to a local school from the suburbs. Several challenges were presented in the project with procurement, design and construction.
СПЕКТР НАУКОВИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ У ДИСЕРТАЦІЯХ ВИКЛАДАЧІВ КАФЕДРИ ГРИ НА МУЗИЧНИХ ІНСТРУМЕНТАХ ІНСТИТУТУ МИСТЕЦТВ РІВНЕНСЬКОГО ДЕРЖАВНОГО ГУМАНІТАРНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ
Authors: Прокопчук Вікторія , Тарчинська Юлія , Яковенко Лариса
Published: August 2021

У статті викладено короткий зміст дисертаційних досліджень педагогів-піаністів кафедри першого у рівненському регіоні факультету, який у другій половині ХХ ст. розпочав здійснювати підготовку учителів мистецтва (музичного мистецтва) закладів середньої освіти. Аналіз цих наукових досліджень здійснювався на матеріалі кандидатських дисертацій кінця ХХ– початку ХХІ ст. Розгляд авторського внеску викладачів кафедри гри на музичних інструментах ІМ РДГУ у розвиток музично-педагогічної науки проводився у хронологічному порядку. Систематизовано і проаналізовано дисертації за спеціальностями “професійна педагогіка”, “теорія і методика навчання музики та музичного виховання”, “теорія і методика виховання”.
Application of Neural Network Analysis for Seismic Data to Differentiate Reservoir Units of Yamama Formation in Nasiriya Oilfield A Case Study in Southern Iraq
Authors: Khorshid Salman Z. , Mohammed Maha F. , Al –Taee Ammar A. J.
Published: August 2021

The EMERGE application from Hampsson-Russell suite programs was used in the present study. It is an interesting domain for seismic attributes that predict some of reservoir three dimensional or two dimensional properties, as well as their combination. The objective of this study is to differentiate reservoir/non reservoir units with well data in the Yamama Formation by using seismic tools. P-impedance volume (density x velocity of P-wave) was used in this research to  perform a three dimensional seismic model on the oilfield of Nasiriya by using post-stack data of  5 wells. The data (training and application) were utilized in the EMERGE analysis for estimating the reservoir properties of P-wave velocity, in addition to the neural network analysis and deriving relations between them at well locations. P- wave velocity slices of reservoir units (Yb1, Yb2, and Yc) of Yamama Formation were prepared to determine the enhancement trends within these units. From a general economic point of view, due to good prospecting in Cretaceous rocks, especially in Nasiriya oilfield, , Yamama Formation was found to contain hydrocarbon accumulation and can be considered as one of the most important reservoirs in southern Iraq.
2D Seismic Reflection Study of Mishrif and Yamama Formations in East Nasiriya Area, Southern Iraq
Authors: Faisal Mohammed S. , Ali Kamal K.
Published: August 2021

The structural division and stratigraphic estimation of the perceptible geological basin are the most important for oil and gas exploration. This study attempts to obtain subsurface geology in parts of east Nasiriya, southern Iraq using of seismic data and some adjacent well information for structural and stratigraphic interpretation. To achieve this goal, 2D seismic data in SEG-Y format were used with velocity and logging data. The seismic profile is then interpreted as a two-dimensional (time domain and depth domain) contour map, which is  represented  as a real subsurface geology.

Reflectors from the Mishrif and Yamama Formations (Cretaceous period) were detected. According to the structural interpretation of the selected reflectors, TWT maps of the horizon were prepared, and  depth maps were drawn, which show some noses structures in the study area. The seismic interpretation in this area confirmed the existence of certain stratigraphic features in the studied strata. Some distribution mounds and flat spots were also observed which similar to the characteristics of the Nasiriya oil field stratigraphic features that are the considered as hydrocarbon indicators.
Detection and Identification of Novel Genes from Fungi Isolated from Wastewater
Authors: Khalil Mohammad Ibrahim
Published: August 2021

The environment in Mosul city is very rich, containing a wide variety of microorganisms which have not been recognised for a long time. Five new fungal genes were identified and registered for the first time in the gene bank. These included Fusarium falciforme 2020-06-MIK-F1 genes for 5.8S rRNA with Accession no. LC555741, Nectriaceae sp. 2020-06-MIK-F2 genes for ITS1 with Accession no. LC555742, Trichoderma asperellum MIK3 genes for 5.8S rRNA with Accession no. LC575020, Penecillum sp. MIK4 genes for 5.8S rRNA with Accession no. LC575021, and Neurospora crassa MIK5 genes for 5.8S rRNA with Accession no. LC575022.   These fungal genes were isolated from wastewater of Khosr river in Mosul city/ Iraq, which has many contamination sources.
Roles of IL-17A and IL-23 in the Pathogenesis of Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Abdul-Hussein Sarah S. , Ali Ekhlass N. , Alkhalidi Nawal M. F. , Zaki Neihaya H. , Ad'hiah Ali H.
Published: August 2021

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder,  the etiology and pathogenesis of which have been suggested to be influenced by cytokines. Two main clinical types of IBD are recognized, namely ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). The present study examined serum levels of two cytokines (IL-17A and IL-23) in 60 IBD patients (30 UC and 30 CD) and 30 healthy controls. The levels were correlated with age, gender, cigarette-smoking status, disease duration, family history, disease extension, symptoms, extra-intestinal manifestations, and medication. The results depicted that IL-17A level was significantly higher in UC and CD patients compared to control (45.2 ± 23.3 and 47.5 ± 34.4 vs. 15.6 ± 7.5 pg/ml, respectively; p < 0.001). Serum level of IL-23 was similarly increased in UC and CD patients compared to control (64.1± 23.7 and 62.5 ± 27.3 vs. 25.2 ± 11.1 pg/ml, respectively). However, the level of both cytokines showed no significant variation between UC and CD patients (p = 0.713 and 0.777, respectively). Distributing UC and CD patients into subgroups according to some characteristics revealed that IL-17A level was significantly increased in UC male compared to female patients (57.3 ± 18.2 vs. 34.5 ± 22.5 pg/ml; p = 0.005). It was also significantly increased in smoker UC patients compared with non-smoker patients (51.9 ± 19.4 vs. 31.6 ± 25.5 pg/ml; p = 0.022). Smoker CD patients also showed a significantly increased level of IL-23 compared to non-smoker patients (72.7 ± 28.5 vs. 52.2 ± 22.6 pg/ml; p = 0.038). In the case of family history, IL-23 level was significantly decreased in UC patients with a family history of IBD compared to CD patients with a family history (84.5 ± 24.3 vs. 50.4 ± 17.0 pg/ml.; p = 0.042). In conclusion, the present data suggest a role for IL-17A and IL-23 in the etiology and pathogenesis of UC and CD.
تحديد أثر المستحقات التقديرية من مدخل إدارة العوائد في صناعة القرار الاستثماري الرأسمالي
Authors: K. Jameel Sarmad , A. Abdullah Basam
Published: August 2021

ركزت الدراسة على اختبار العلاقة بين القرارات الاستثمارية الرأسمالية للشركات وبين العوائد المستقبلية بإدخال نماذج إدارة العوائد، انطلاقاً من وجهة النظر التي تؤكد على ضرورة اعتماد القرارات الاستثمارية الرأسمالية على نوعية الاستثمار بدلاً من كمية الاستثمار، وفي سبيل اختبار فرضية البحث تم قياس المستحقات التقديرية لبعض نماذج إدارة العوائد لعينة من الشركات الصناعية المساهمة المدرجة في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية للمدة 2009-2017 بإستخدام البيانات الربع سنوية، وأشر البحث الى أن وجود ممارسات إدارة العوائد لاتؤثر على اتخاذ القرارات الاستثمارية الرأسمالية التي تتخذها الإدارة، نظراً لامتلاكها معلومات دقيقة وكاملة عن ربحية شركاتهم مقارنةً بالأطراف الأخرى المتعاملة مع الشركة، نظراً لوجود عدم التماثل المعلوماتي بين مختلف الأطراف المتعاملة مع الشركة، وامتلاك الإدارة للمعلومات ذات النوعية العالية مقارنة بالأطراف الأخرى التي تعتمد على التحليل المالي أو على العوائد المعلنة للشركة، وتوصلت الدراسة الى عدم الاعتماد على المستحقات التقديرية للتنبؤ بالعوائد المستقبلية، أي عدم الاعتماد عليها بشكل مطلق في اتخاذ قراراتهم الاستثمارية، فقد تكون ممارسات إدارة العوائد ذا طبيعة معلوماتية تتمثل في أن المدراء يستخدمون حكمتهم ودرايتهم، ليزودوا المستثمرين بالمعلومات التي يمتلكونها من وجهة نظرهم المستقبلية.
Sistem Penentuan Kualitas Hewan Qurban di Indonesia dengan Metode SAW
Authors: Sari Renny Puspita , Adi Ahmad Cahyono
Published: August 2021

Setiap tahunnya, umat muslim didunia melaksanakan Ibadah Qurban termasuk di  Indonesia. Berdasarkan data dari Direktorat Jenderal Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan jumlah hewan qurban di Indonesia pada tahun 2020  adalah sekitar 1.802.651 ekor  dengan rincian hewan sapi, kerbau, kambing dan domba. Statistik hewan Qurban dari tahun ke tahun mengalami kenaikan. Hewan yang dapat di Qurbankan pada dasarnya memiliki syarat tertentu sesuai dengan fiqih Qurban. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pengecekkan terlebih dahulu apakah hewan tersebut layak jadi hewan Qurban. Tingginya angka Qurban di Indonesia mendorong lahirnya sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat membantu dalam mengelompokkan hewan-hewan yang akan di Qurbankan di Indonesia. Sistem ini menerapkan metode perhitungan SAW (Simple Adictive Weighting) yang dapat mengklasifikasikan hewan Qurban yang di inputkan dengan kriteria-kriteria tertentu. Hasilnya semua calon hewan Qurban akan secara otomatis diberi nilai yang memiliki arti tertentu apakah hewan tersebut untuk dapat jadi hewan Qurban. Dengan adanya sistem penentu hewan Qurban, diharapkan dapat mendorong peningkatan kualitas hewan Qurban yang ada di Indonesia.
Sistem Rekomendasi Tempat Kost di Sekitar Kampus ITHB Menggunakan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Authors: Sipayung Evasaria Magdalena , Fiarni Cut Fiarni , Sutopo Sherly
Published: August 2021

Dalam memilih tempat kos terdapat beberapa kriteria yang harus diperhatikan, pada penelitian ini digunakan tujuh kriteria dalam memilih tempat kos, diantaranya adalah fasilitas kamar, ketersediaan listrik dan air, jarak tempat kos ke kampus, akses tempat kos ke jalan protokol, kebersihan tempat kos, aman dari banjir, dan reputasi tempat kos. Setiap orang tentunya memiliki perbedaan akan tingkat penilaian (preferensi) antara satu kriteria dan kriteria lainya dan setiap tempat kos pun memiliki harga dan fasilitas yang berbeda-beda. Hal inilah yang terkadang membuat seseorang sulit untuk membandingkan kos yang satu dengan lainya. Pada sistem yang ada saat ini, rekomendasi yang diberikan hanya berupa list tempat kos berdasarkan pencocokan antara inputan dengan database saja dan tidak memperlihatkan urutan kos yang menjadi alternatif terbaik. Pada penelitian dilakukan penentuan preferensi terhadap kriteria untuk memilih tempat kos dengan menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Sistem rekomendasi tempat kos dilakukan dengan melakukan filter input harga tempat kos dan penilaian terhadap kriteria preferensi fasilitas utama, ketersediaan  listrik dan air, jarak tempat kos ke kampus, akses tempat kos ke jalan protokol, kebersihan tempat kos, lingkungan keadaan banjir dan reputasi yang telah ditentukan oleh user. Perhitungan bobot preferensi masing-masing kriteria terhadap alternatif tempat kos sehingga dihasilkan total nilai masing-masing alternatif kos. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, rekomendasi yang diberikan tergantung dari penilaian preferensi setiap kriteria. Hasil yang diberikan berupa rangking alternatif tertinggi ke rangking terendah sesuai dengan preferensi yang dipilih untuk mempermudah mahasiswa menentukan tempat kos yang sesuai dengan kebutuhannya.
Authors: Moeljanto Samuel Aswin , Nugraha Adhi , Sriwarno Andar Bagus
Published: August 2021

Product Sound design has been an integral part for many renown company in designing product, due to its big contribution in shaping the user's experience (Langeveld, van Egmond, Reinier; dan Özcan (2013)). According to what cause the sound, consequential product sound is the product sound that happens because of the product's internal mechanical interaction, and the charachters are dependent on the material, size, and mechanism. However, there are still very few people who develop and apply these principles for products made of natural material, such as wood. Whereas, by understanding the product sound produced by the wooden product, there could be a unique user experience, that in turn, will increase the product's economical value. That's why, we try to identifies the percieved product sound that may be produced on a rubber band powered mechanical toy car made of plywood as a pilot research in defining the product sound charachter of wooden toy made from plywood. In the next research, some sound charachter concluded in this paper could be a reference and a starting point in determining the desired product sound outcu\ome. The sound identification was done on 4 test product with different mechanism, yet same basic looks. The identification include the physical sound charachter (difference in intensity, frequency, and waveform) and the perceived sound charachter (using semantic diferential). The unique perceived sound charachter found are then connected to the physical sound charachter as a general conclusion.