bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perspectivas para o Desenvolvimento do Cultivo de Peixe na Agricultura Familiar
Authors: Igarashi Marco Antonio
Published: July 2019

O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver uma revisão acerca da piscicultura na agricultura familiar. O cultivo de peixe é vista como uma alternativa importante na produção de alimentos na piscicultura na agricultura familiar no Brasil. Os pequenos produtores agrícolas podem promover a piscicultura no Brasil. Para este tipo de cultivo, a tilápia tem características favoráveis para ser o peixe de escolha. Atualmente, na piscicultura na agricultura familiar as seguintes políticas públicas: Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (Pronaf), o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) e o Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) podem promover mudanças nas condições de vida e de produção das famílias. A piscicultura na agricultura familiar pode ser um sistema no qual uma ou mais famílias usam pequenos viveiros escavados em suas terras. Essas famílias podem produzir peixe suficiente para contribuir com proteínas animais para sua dieta e, possivelmente, até mesmo ajudar na renda, emprego de uma maneira simples e ambientalmente saudável. Palavras-chave: Agricultura Familiar. Piscicultura. Produção de alimento. AbstractThe aim of this study was to review the fish culture in family agriculture. Fish culture is seen as an important alternative in family fish culture in Brazil food production. Small agricultural producers can promote fish culture in Brazil. For this type of culture, tilapia is recommended. In the family fish culture, there are  the following policies: National Family Farming Strengthening Program (Pronaf), the Program for Food Acquisition (PAA) and the National School Feeding Program (PNAE) can promote changes in the families wellbeing and production. Family agriculture fish culture can be a system in which one or more families use small ponds in  their land. These families can produce enough fish to contribute with animal proteins to their diet, even possibly help in the family income, used in a simple and environmentally sound way. Keywords: Family Agriculture. Fish Culture. Food Production.
Laminite Crônica em Equino: Relato de Caso
Authors: Oliveira Ana Claudia Dos Santos , Borges Jose Henrique Saraiva
Published: July 2019

A laminite crônica é uma enfermidade que se caracteriza pela inflamação das lâminas do casco, tendo como consequência a degeneração das lâminas sensitivas primárias e secundárias, o que resulta na rotação ou afundamento da falange distal. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi relatar o caso de um equino, da raça quarto de milha, macho, com quatro anos de idade, utilizado para o esporte de laço comprido, o qual apresentava sinais de claudicação e dor, o animal alternava várias vezes os membros para descanso, e ocasionalmente deitava. Durante o exame específico do sistema locomotor se constatou nos membros anteriores dor ao teste utilizando a pinça de casco na região da pinça, aumento da temperatura do casco, presença de pulso e relutância ao se movimentar. O diagnóstico foi realizado mediante anamnese, sinais clínicos e confirmado através da radiografia. O tratamento instituído foi eficaz e com melhora satisfatória dos sinais clínicos apresentados. Palavras-chave: Casco. Inflamação. Lâminas. Rotação. AbstractChronic laminitis is a disease characterized by inflammation of the hull laminae, resulting in degeneration of the primary and secondary sensory laminae, resulting in rotation or sinking of the distal phalanx. The objective of the present study was to report the case of a four-year-old quarter-mile equine, used for the long-laced sport, which presented signs of lameness and pain, the animal alternated several times limbs to rest, and occasionally lay down. During the specific examination of the locomotor system, the pain was tested in the anterior limbs using the hull clamp in the clamp region, increased hull temperature, presence of pulse and reluctance to move. The diagnosis was made through anamnesis, clinical signs and confirmed by radiography. The treatment instituted was effective and with satisfactory improvement of the clinical signs presented. Keywords: Blades. Hoof. Inflammation. Rotation.
Soro de Queijo para Produção de β-Galactosidase
Authors: Bosso Alessandra , Tomal Adriana Aparecida Bosso , Da Silva Josemeyre Bonifácio , Suguimoto Hélio Hiroshi
Published: July 2019

Aproximadamente 75 % da população mundial apresenta intolerância à lactose, doença congênita caracterizada pela incapacidade de absorver o açúcar presente no leite e seus derivados lácteos. Esta incapacidade se deve basicamente a inatividade ou baixa atividade da enzima intestinal β-galactosidase. Até o presente momento, o tratamento para as pessoas intolerantes à lactose inclui evitar o consumo de leite ou fazer uso de leite e produtos lácteos com ausência ou teor reduzido de lactose além do uso da enzima lactase já disponível comercialmente. A enzima β-galactosidase é responsável pela hidrólise das ligações galactosídicas da lactose em seus monossacarídeos, glicose e galactose. É produzida principalmente em microrganismos incluindo fungos filamentosos, bactérias e leveduras. Um dos principais requisitos para produção da enzima a partir de microrganismo é determinar a melhor composição nutricional do meio de fermentação. O soro de queijo é fonte abundante de carbono tendo a lactose como seu principal componente e, portanto, pode ser usado por microrganismos, como meio de cultivo para produção de β-galactosidase. O uso do soro de queijo com esta finalidade pode contribuir para diminuição do impacto econômico e ambiental causado pela sua produção excedente além de, se tornar um produto com valor agregado. Palavras-chave: Intolerância à Lactose. Soro de Queijo. Fermentação. Microrganismos. Abstract75% of the world population is lactose intolerant, a congenital disease characterized by an inability to absorb the sugar present in milk and its dairy products. This inability is basically due to inactivity or low activity of the intestinal β-galactosidase enzyme. The treatment includes avoiding the consumption of milk or making use of milk and dairy products lacking or reduced lactose content. The enzyme β-galactosidase is responsible for the hydrolysis of the galactosidic bonds of lactose in glucose and galactose. It is found mainly in microorganisms including fungi, bacteria and yeast. One of the main requirements for the production of the enzyme from microorganism is to determine the best nutritional composition of the fermentation medium. Cheese whey is an abundant source of carbon having lactose as its main component and therefore can be used as a medium for the cultivation of microorganisms for the production of β-galactosidase. The use of cheese whey for the production of β-galactosidase may contribute to the reduction of the economic and environmental impact caused by its surplus production, in addition to becoming a value-added product. Keywords: Lactose Intolerance. Cheese Whey. Fermentation. Microorganism.
Função do Conselho de Saúde e Conhecimento de Trabalhadores e Conselheiros de Saúde: uma Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Santos Ellen Caroline Da Silva , Da Silva Jair Magalhães
Published: July 2019

O presente estudo tem o objetivo de identificar a função do Conselho de Saúde, e o conhecimento de trabalhadores e de conselheiros de saúde sobre o mecanismo de controle social, por meio de uma revisão integrativa. Os estudos foram selecionados por meio de buscas na base de dados Literatura Latino-Americano e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs) e na biblioteca eletrônica Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), utilizando como descritores para a busca dos artigos: Participação social; Conselhos de saúde; Controle social; Política de saúde. Foram selecionados dez estudos publicados entre 2013 e 2018, publicados em português e na íntegra, e que abordassem sobre a temática. Evidencia-se a necessidade de conhecimento sobre os Conselhos, por parte dos trabalhadores da saúde e falta de capacitação por parte dos usuários que compõem o Conselho de Saúde (CS), o que dificulta uma participação representativa e efetiva do segmento representado. Diante das lacunas encontradas na literatura e a falta de conhecimento, pela maioria dos trabalhadores da saúde e de conselheiros de saúde, faz-se necessário a realização de novas pesquisas sobre a temática e investimentos em capacitações para trabalhadores de saúde e conselheiros. Palavras-chave: Conselho de Saúde. Trabalhador da Saúde. Conselheiros de Saúde.AbstractThis study aims to identify the role of the health council and the workers’ and health counselors’ knowledge about the mechanism of social control, through an integrative review. The studies were selected through studies in the Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences database (LILACS) and in the electronic library Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), using as descriptors for searching the articles: Social participation; Health Council; Social control; Health policy. tem Ten studies were selected, published between 2013 and 2018, in Portuguese and in full, that discussed on the subject. It is evidenced the need of knowledge about the councils, on the part of the health workers and lack of qualification by the users that compose the health council, what hinders a representative and effective participation of the represented segment. Given the gaps found in the literature and the lack of knowledge by the majority of health workers and health advisors, it is necessary to carry out new research on the subject and investments in training for health workers and counselors.Keywords: Health Council. Health Worker. Health Counselors.
Una mirada a la nueva Guía de Prevención de Infecciones en el área de anestesia en el quirófano
Authors: Hernández Orozco Hilda Guadalupe , Bearman Gonzalo
Published: July 2019

Se estima que en Estados Unidos cada año suceden 157,000 infecciones del sitio quirúrgico asociadas con la atención de la salud,1 con 8205 muertes vinculadas con ellas. También se atribuye que 11% de las muertes en unidades de cuidados intensivos se relacionan con infecciones del sitio quirúrgico.2Las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico aumentan la estancia hospitalaria de pacientes 11 días en promedio3 y ocasionan 20% de los reingresos del paciente no planeados.4 El costo de atención de estas infecciones alcanza 3200 millones de dólares anuales.3 En los últimos 5 años, en el Instituto Nacional de Pediatría las infecciones de todos los servicios quirúrgicos reportan tasas mínimas de 5.6 (en 2016) a máxima 8.4 (en 2018) por 1000 días paciente.5
Lactante menor con leucemia congénita y enfermedad de injerto contra huésped postrasplante
Authors: López Hernández Gerardo , Olivas Román Luis Roberto , Salazar Rosales Haydée del Pilar , Corcuera Delgado Celso Tomás
Published: July 2019

Lactante de 6 meses de edad, enviada para valoración al servicio de Trasplante de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. Entre sus antecedentes personales: la madre de 24 años, primer embarazo, evolución normal, parto eutócico, peso al nacimiento 3 kg, talla 48 cm y Apgar 8/9. Desde el nacimiento se identificó dermatosis maculopapular generalizada, con nódulos subcutáneos infiltrativos violáceos en todo el cuerpo. (Figura 1) Se estableció el diagnóstico presuntivo de síndrome de neonato blueberry-muffin; además, se encontró hepatomegalia y esplenomegalia. La biometría hemática reportó hiperleucocitosis (215,900 leucocitos/mm3), a expensas de 75% de blastos, con inmunofenotipo de expresión: CD45+, MPO+, CD33+, CD13+ y CD14+, compatible con leucemia mieloblástica aguda.
Importancia del diagnóstico genético en las inmunodeficiencias combinadas graves
Authors: Saucedo Aparicio Alma Geovanna , Espinosa Padilla Sara Elva , López Jasso Federico , Meza Velázquez Rocío , Rivera Lizárraga Diana Alejandra , Bustamante Ogando Juan Carlos
Published: July 2019

Existen más de 300 inmunodeficiencias primarias causadas por defectos en el sistema inmunitario; entre estas existe un grupo que incluye anormalidades en la inmunidad adaptativa celular y humoral, conocidas como inmunodeficiencias combinadas graves. Su diagnóstico es urgente debido a la alta mortalidad sin tratamiento. Las mutaciones en distintos genes pueden causar inmunodeficiencias combinadas graves, con manifestaciones clínicas similares, pero diferente reacción a los tratamientos, por lo que es importante conocer el diagnóstico genético certero. Aproximadamente 70% de los pacientes con inmunodeficiencias combinadas graves de Latinoamérica no cuenta con un diagnóstico genético; por tanto, la atención ofrecida a estos pacientes y su familia puede ser subóptima. El propósito de este artículo es exponer las opciones actuales para el diagnóstico genético de las inmunodeficiencias combinadas graves, discutir sus ventajas y limitaciones, así como los principales retos en nuestro medio. Si bien ha habido avances importantes en los últimos años, es necesario hacer aún más accesibles las herramientas necesarias para el diagnóstico genético de las inmunodeficiencias combinadas graves y otras enfermedades genéticas en nuestro medio, además de incrementar el conocimiento en dichas herramientas entre los médicos de primer contacto, principalmente los pediatras. El diagnóstico genético no debe considerarse un lujo o una herramienta meramente de investigación, sino una opción clínica que permitirá mejorar la atención de los pacientes y sus familias a futuro. El diagnóstico genético representa una herramienta efectiva para mejorar la atención de los pacientes con inmunodeficiencias combinadas graves.
“Un homenaje a los cirujanos, que ya no están, pero siguen estando…”
Authors: Torres Contreras Leopoldo M
Published: July 2019

Los que amamos, nunca mueren, por eso en este día vamos a recordar con gusto y emoción a quienes nos formaron y a quienes fueron adiestrados en el servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, que desafortunadamente hoy ya no se encuentran con nosotros.
Doing Research With Children: Making Choices on Ethics and Methodology That Encourage Children’s Participation
Authors: Kyritsi Krystallia
Published: July 2019

The aim of this paper is to discuss examples of ethical and methodological choices that respect children’s rights to participation by encouraging them to be actively involved in the data generation process. The paper introduces the boxes, a model for confidentially obtaining ongoing and informed consent. It also discusses the use of cultural artifacts, chosen by the children themselves, to communicate with the researcher during the interview process. This paper concludes by emphasizing the need to design and cocreate open, flexible approaches in research that encourage children to obtain control and ownership of the research process.
“It’s My Role and I’ll Cry if I Want To”: An All-Female Hamlet Claims Non-Gender Production Space
Authors: Johnson Brooke
Published: July 2019

A review of the East Tennessee State University Department of Theatre & Dance production of Hamlet.
APPLICATION OF THE HYPOGYMNIA PHYSODES LICHEN AS AN ACCUMULATIVE BIOINDICATOR OF ANTHROPOGENIC ATMOSPHERE POLLUTION
Authors: Trifonova T. A. , Salmin A. S.
Published: July 2019

Aim. This study was aimed at assessing the possibility of using the Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. lichen as an accumulative bioindicator of atmospheric air pollution in industrial cities.

Methods. Under the conditions of aerial anthropogenic pollution in the city of Kazan, bulk concentrations of such heavy metals (HM) as Pb, Cr, Fe, Cu, Co and Ni were determined in the thalli of epiphytic H. physodes lichen using X‐ray fluorescence analysis.

Results. According to the data obtained, the samples of lichen thalli contained 0.02÷3.08, 0.68÷2.82, 6.46÷542.99, 6,28÷21,52, 0.01÷0.32 and 0.03÷1.48 mg/kg of lead, chromium, iron, copper, cobalt and nickel, respectively.

Conclusion. It is established that the city districts characterized by different envi‐ ronmental conditions showed various HM contents in lichen thalli. On the basis of the elemental composition of the thalli, zoning of the city area was carried out.  In addition to instrumental methods, a centile analysis revealed high HM concentrations in the lichen thalli. The conducted research has confirmed high biomonitoring characteristics of the H. physodes lichen.
NEW FOR DAGESTAN SPECIES OF TOMENTELLA (THELEPHORALES, BASIDIOMYCOTA)
Authors: Volobuev S. V. , Ivanushenko Yu. Yu. , Ismailov A. B.
Published: July 2019

Aim. To obtain new data on the species diversity and ecological characteristics of the Tomentella fungi growing in the North‐Eastern Caucasus.

Materials and methods. Sampling of research material was performed in October, 2018 during a route survey of forest ecosystems in the vicinity of Delichoban, the Derbent district, and across the territory of the Upper Gunib natural park, the Gunib district, in the Republic of Dagestan. Identification of the collected material was carried out by light microscopy in the Laboratory of Systematics and Geography of Fungi, V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Results. 3 Tomentella species, which are new for the Republic of Dagestan, have been identified, including T. bryophila, T. ellisii and T. fibrosa. All the discovered species are given with a brief morphological description, details of localities and comments on the current taxonomic position.

Conclusion. The Tomentella Pers. ex Pat. s. l. genus is currently represented by 12 species in the territory of the Republic of Dagestan: Tomentella bryophila, T. cinerascens, T. crinalis, T. ellisii, T. ferruginea, T. fibrosa, T. lateritia, T. pilosa, T. punicea, T. stuposa , T. subtestacea and T. umbrinospora. All these species are found across a wide range of altitudinal gradient. Further mycological studies, including those using the molecular and genetic approach, are needed to reveal species new for the region and to expand the understanding of the spatial, ecological and trophic structure of its mycobiota.
STUDY OF THE LIFE CYCLE OF THLASPI ARVENSE L. IN CENTRAL YAKUTIA
Authors: Semenova V. V. , Androsova D. N. , Danilova N. S.
Published: July 2019

Аim. In this paper, we set out to study the life cycle of Thlaspi arvense L. in Central Yakutia.

Methods. The studies were carried out in a culture at the nursery for the collection of medicinal plants of the Yakut Botanical Garden (Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS).

Results. While the plant in question has a high rate of aerial part development, its underground part falls behind in terms of mass development as compared to its aerial part. The pre‐generative period lasts for 13‐17 days. Small white flowers of the plant form a corymbosepaniculate inflorescence (1.0–4.5 cm in height; 52–67 flowers per inflorescence). The plant reaches 18.0–29.0 cm in height and has 19–24 leaves. The generative state lasts for 49–55 days.

Conclusions. Freshly harvested seeds of T. arvense are in non‐deep physiological dormancy; their laboratory germination rate amounted to 2%. Following 6 months of dry storage, 100% germination of seeds was noted. However, the course of germination changed dramatically becoming explosive in nature. The life cycle of T. arvense lasts for one growing season (70–76 days). Three periods and five developmental states in the ontogeny of T. arvense have been identified.
APPLICATON OF MICROSEISMIC NOISE ESTIMATION IN OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION AIMED AT REDUCING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Authors: Tsivadze A. Yu. , Sirotinskiy Yu. V. , Abaturov M. A.
Published: July 2019

Aim. This article discusses the possibility of reducing ecological costs and risks during exploration of oil and gas fields. To this end, we propose to reduce the number of exploratory drilling works performed using unjustified non‐productive wells. Such a problem can be solved with the help of innovative seismic‐acoustic methods of direct deposit exploration.

Methods. The method of microseismic noise estimation (MNE) in application to hidden hydrocarbon de‐ posits is proposed. When implementing the MNE algorithms, Chebyshev spectroscopy and analysis of the noise in terms of Gaussian distribution were used.

Results. The hardware im‐ plementation of the MNE method is presented. The key component of the hardware complex is presented by an autonomous microprocessor 3D seismic module. The seismic module registers signals across the frequency range of 0.5‐40 Hz with a level of spectral density of self‐noise not higher than 0.5 nm×Hz‐1/2. Presented both in land and sea design, the module is compact and mobile.

Conclusion. The application of the MNE method in prospecting and exploration allows identification and exclusion of obviously non‐productive wells from drilling, as well as reduc‐ tion of the total number of wells more than by twofold. For the Caspian region, this indicator is expected to be higher. As a result, the method will provide a significant reduction in the envi‐ ronmental consequences of the oil and gas industry as a whole.
TESTING OF TWO‐STAGE CULTIVATION OF DUNALIELLA SALINA TEOD. (TEODORESCO, 1905) IN THE SEVASTOPOL REGION
Authors: Gudvilovich I. N. , Borovkov A. B.
Published: July 2019

Aim. In this work, we set out to study the effect of surface irradiance on the growth rate and the pigment ratio of D. salina, as well as to test a technology for semi‐industrial cultiva‐ tion of D. salina aimed at obtaining its biomass enriched with β‐carotene.

Methods. D. salina was cultivated under semi‐industrial conditions in a greenhouse module of the A. O. Kovalevsky Institute of Marine Biological Research. Square tanks (1 × 1 m) lined with polyethylene film and laid on a flat ground surface were used as propagators. The culture layer had a thickness of 10 cm and a volume of 100 litres. Pre‐grown D. salina was diluted using fresh medium without salts – sources of nitrogen and phosphorus. Dunaliella was cultivated under natural light with continuous stirring.

Results. We determined the range of surface irradiance, which can be considered optimal for intensive cultivation of D. salina in terms of energy and mineral costs. Across this range, the average growth rate of the culture under experimental conditions amounted to 0.23–0.27 g DW/(l∙day), whereas the ratio of Car / Chl a increased by a factor of 1.5‐ 2, which indicates changes in the pigment composition of D. salina. It is experimentally shown that the content of carotenoids in the tanks increased by 1.3 times amounting to 600 mg per 1 m2 at a Car/Chl a ratio of 4.5 at the second stage of D. salina cultivation.

Conclusions. Carotenoid accumulation during semi‐industrial cultivation of D. salina occures due to two factors: in‐ creased natural irradiance and temperature without an additional increase in salinity and blowing of carbon dioxide, which reduces the costs of its industrial cultivation. This two‐stage cultivation method can be used to develop a technology for obtaining Dunaliella biomass enriched with β‐carotene in the southern regions of the Russian Federation.
Development of Optimum Repair Schedule of Electrical Network Equipment to Improve the Reliability of its Functioning
Authors: Belyaev Sergey V. , Malafeev Aleksey V. , Omelchenko Evgeniy Ya.
Published: July 2019

To ensure uninterrupted power supply to consumers, maintenance of the electrical networks in a working condition is today carried out through the use of a system of preventive maintenance. In the general case such a system allows building equipment repair schedules based on repair cycles for a long time predetermining the list of necessary material and labor resources in advance. However, in practice, the use of this system is rather difficult and not always effective. This is due to the need to change the repair schedule for emergency or urgent repairs taking into account the seasonality of work performed and the organizational structure of the production department of electrical networks and related departments as well as taking into account the specific features of the operation of specific equipment. Taking into account the current pace of development of electrical networks with a steady increase in the number of consumers (which also leads to a complication of the configuration of electrical networks) this is impossible without the use of appropriate mathematics and software that automates the planning processes for the maintenance and repair of electrical networks with a large number of factors. The minimum equipment downtime was taken as the main criterion for optimality, as a factor that largely determines the reliability of power supply. A planning algorithm has been developed that takes into account the ranking of works in order of importance, the possibility of their shift in time and the likely adjustment of the schedule based on the results of assessing the technical condition of the equipment. A method for minimizing the downtime of repair crews by using them in adjacent areas as well as a technique for identifying a set of equipment that may be under repair in the same period of time are proposed.
Dynamic Model of a Dual Power Machine Controlled from the Rotor Side
Authors: Dubovik Mikhail E. , Solovyev Vyacheslav A.
Published: July 2019

In the high power mode, the power of which exceeds 100 kW, as a rule, when energy is used in asynchronous motors it requires voltage up to 1000 V. This is due to a decrease in the weight and dimensions of the motor. But when developing a frequency-controlled electric drive, it is necessary to use a high-voltage frequency converter (FC), which leads to a significant increase in the cost of electrical wiring. A compromise solution can be found by using a dual power supply machine (MIS), a frequency control channel that needs to be transferred to the rotor circuit [1]. The use of TIR will significantly reduce capital costs and expand control functions over the drive.

The article presents a mathematical description of a dual power machine. The main feature of this description is the choice of coordinate system. On the basis of it and taking into account its characteristics, a dynamic model of the machine has been built. The research group investigated the dynamic characteristics of the machine when applying a control signal from the rotor with a variable frequency. Control signals are presented in the form of ideal harmonic functions. In the further study, the constructed model will make it possible to investigate the launch of the machine in various modes. The dependence of the amplitude of the rotor voltage on its frequency is obtained. This dependence shows the possible range of variation of the voltage amplitude on the rotor while maintaining the synchronous MOS mode at a given speed. Simulation is made in electrical degrees. All angular velocities (rad / s) are expressed in frequencies (Hz). The behavior of the machine in a static mode was investigated when the load torque changes. A simulation model built in the Matlab environment is given.
Diagnostics of Composite Materials in Electrical Machines
Authors: Ismagilov Flur R. , Vavilov Viacheslav E. , Sayakhov Ildus F.
Published: July 2019

Products made of composite materials are widely used due to their strength and stiffness characteristics as well as corrosion resistance. However, in the course of operation, microdamages accumulate in composite materials, which, over time can lead to a loss of design performance. Various defects appear in the manufacture of composite materials. Since the destruction of composite materials is studied in less detail than metals, their use in products with increased requirements for reliability is associated with some degree of risk. To meet the high demands on reliability, it is necessary to apply modern methods of non-destructive testing, which allow identifying existing internal defects, localizing their position and determining linear geometric dimensions. Most of the traditionally used methods of non-destructive testing have certain disadvantages, which often make it impossible to obtain high-quality and most complete information about the defects. Composite materials are also becoming more widely used in electrical machines, which allows them to increase their specific characteristics. In electrical machines, the most loaded units are the shaft, the rotor banding, the stator teeth and bearing units. Therefore, the use of composite materials in these sites requires the creation of diagnostic systems to determine the residual resource and prevent accidents. This paper presents methods for non-destructive testing of products made of composite materials. The main advantages and disadvantages of each method are given. The article also presents the developed method of eddy current testing for the carbon fiber rotor banding.
VIETNAM'S ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY: THE RISE AND PROBLEMS OF FURTHER DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Bich Ngoc Tran Thi , Binh Dao Thanh
Published: July 2019

Purpose: To evaluate the Vietnamese electronics industry (EI) by analyzing its successes and shortcomings in recent years in comparison with other Southeast Asian countries, as well as the problems faced by the young industries in Vietnam in the course of its development and identify their abilities to participate in the global value chain.

Methodology: Systems approach was used to analyze the status of Vietnam’s EI. The advantages and the results achieved by EI are assessed and described with the help of objective data from statistical and officially published sources.

Main Findings: The position of Vietnam’s EI in the context of growing industry 4.0 was recognized. Its dependence on imports and other reasons that affect its efficiency and competitiveness were identified in the study. The Government should provide adequate support for the development of priority area including EI within the framework of national policies and encourage import substitution program of the industrial enterprises.

Applications: Research results could be used for providing recommendations for making Vietnam's electronic industry development policy and import substitution program in the future.

Novelty/ Originality: Study considered the effects of inconsistent structure, import dependence of production, lack of unified government control, quality of labor, etc. in gross output and export revenue.
Sterilization procedure and callus regeneration in black turmeric (Curcuma caesia)
Authors: Abubakar A. S. , Pudake R. N.
Published: July 2019

Sterilization procedure, media composition, explants selection and control of physical environment are critical for successful cultures and callus induction with surface sterilization being very challenging in most plants. Five different sterilization methods were evaluated to come up with the best for subsequent use to establish an in vitro regeneration method for the induction of callus in Curcuma caesia using excised leaf and rhizome explants. Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with various concentration of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D)/Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (0.5- 5.0mg/L), singly or in combination with Benzyl aminopurine (BAP)/Kinetin (KIN) (0.1-5.0mg/L), 0.3% sucrose and 0.08% agar were used. The result of the sterilization procedures showed 15% NaHClO3 (5min) + 70% Ethanol (30s) + 0.1% HgCl2 (5min) to be the most effective in controlling contamination in C. caesia among all the treatments tested. The response to callus induction was found to depend on the type of explants used and growth regulators combination. Leaf explants gave the highest percentage of callus induction. Highest percentage of callus induction (66.70%) was obtained in the growth regulator combination of 2, 4-D (0.5mg/L) + BAP (0.1mg/L) and least (14.29%) in IAA (2.0mg/L) + BAP (0.5mg/L). Equal and higher concentration of 2, 4-D + BAP of 5.0mg/L each also provided better result (40.00%). No callus was obtained in all the single concentration of 2, 4-D used.
Assessment of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica L. Mill) accessions for growth, yield and nutritional parameters under pot culture
Authors: Kauthale V. K. , Punde K. K. , Kodre S. D.
Published: July 2019

A pot experiment was conducted at BAIF Development Research Foundation, Urulikanchan, Pune, India during 2014-2016 to study the biomass production performance of four cactus accessions as a source of fodder for livestock. Single matured cladodes of individual accessions were planted in plastic pots during August 2014 and were harvested 18 months after planting. The growth and yield observations were recorded during harvesting and fresh cladodes were analyzed for nutritional parameters in the laboratory. The study revealed that the highest green biomass yield per plant was recorded in accession 1270 (1.74 kg) followed by 1271 (1.45 kg), 1280 (1.39 kg) and the lowest was in accession 1308 (1.36 kg). The maximum fresh weight per cladode was observed in accession 1280 (448.84 g) followed by 1270 (436.75 g), 1271 (394.73 g) and the minimum was in accession 1308 (150.69 g). The more number of cladodes (9.0) were found in accession 1308 followed by 1270 (4.0), 1271 (3.69) and the least (3.10) was in accession 1280. The maximum cladodes area of 333.14 cm2 was recorded in accession 1270 followed by 1280 (310.84 cm2) and the lowest was in accession 1308 (95.61 cm2). The nutritional evaluation of fresh cladodes revealed dry matter in the range of 8.24 to 11.15 %, crude protein 4.00 to 6.03% and crude fiber 7.06 to 8.15%.
Effect of capsaicin and capsaicin plus DL-methionine hydroxy analog in diet on growth performance and gastrointestinal conditions of nursery pigs
Authors: Namted Siriporn , Poeikhampha Theerawit , Rakangthong Choawit , Bunchasak Chaiyapoom
Published: July 2019

The study was conducted to determine the effect of supplemental capsaicin (CS) or capsaicin plus DL-methionine hydroxy analog (CS+LMA) in diets on growth performance and gastrointestinal conditions of nursery pigs. Seventy-two castrated male piglets (BW 7.79 ± 0.02 kg) were offered diets for 6 weeks as follows: 1) control diet, 2) control diet with capsaicin 2.5 ppm (CS), and 3) control diet with capsaicin 2.5 ppm plus DL-LMA 0.05 % (CS+LMA). The dietary treatments did not influence growth performance, gastrointestinal pH and the bacterial population in the caecum (P>0.05). However, in the caecum, number of Lactobacillus spp. tended to increase (P=0.09), and lactic acid concentration was increased (P less than 0.05) by CS+LMA supplementation. The supplemental CS or CS+LMA increased the villus height (P less than 0.01), and CS+LMA supplementation increased the crypt depth (P less than 0.05) in the segment of duodenum compared to the control group. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was not influenced by CS or CSLMA supplementations (P>0.05). In conclusion, supplementing CS improved the small intestinal morphology, and there were synergistic effects on the duodenal crypt depth and caecal lactic acid when LMA was combined with CS.
Hepatotoxicity of nickel nanoparticles in rats
Authors: Abdulqadir S. Z. , Aziz F. M.
Published: July 2019

Nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly used nowadays for nanomedicine purposes, although they have been found to induce harmful effects on human health and living species in the environment. The current study investigated the impact of different doses of nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) on the rats liver. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of (0, 5, 20, 100mg/kg/BW/day) NiNPs for four weeks showed dose dependent elevation of malondialdehyde (MDA, lipid peroxidation marker), liver function enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP) and bilirubin. While, superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) recorded significant reduction in their activity. NiNPs were found to cause several histopathological changes and ultrastructural alterations in liver such as appearance of inflammatory infiltrated leucocytes, sinusoid dilatation, fatty changes and degeneration of hepatocytes. The present findings suggest that administration of NiNPs may induce dose dependent hepatotoxicity.
Characterization of meat from three Indian native cattle breeds and cross-bred cows
Authors: Prajwal S. , Vasudevan V. N. , Sathu T. , Irshad A. , Sunanda C. , Pame Kuleswan , Gunasekaran P. N. , Poobal P.
Published: July 2019

The current study was undertaken to evaluate various quality attributes of meat from three Indian native cattle breeds and cross-bred cows using Principal Component Analysis. Three muscles each from eight Vechur, Kasargod Dwarf, Gir and cross-bred cows of 10 years of age were utilized and analyzed for 13 variables such as physico-chemical and compositional attributes. The coefficients of variation of each parameter were in the range from 1.04 to 42.54 per cent. PCA transformed the variables into five principal components (PC), which explained about 75 per cent of total variability. PC1 was comprised of Warner-Bratzler shear force, collagen content, collagen solubility and sarcomere length. PC2 was characterized by a*, b*, cooking loss and fat content. Loading plots of the first two PCs revealed high correlation for objective measures of meat tenderness. In score plot, meat samples from cross-breds and native cattle breeds were organized into two distinct groups.
Evaluation of sevoflurane and isoflurane as maintenance agent in buffaloes after glycopyrrolate-xylazine-butorphanol-propofol anaesthesia
Authors: Chaudhary R. N. , Tayal Rishi
Published: July 2019

The study was aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of isoflurane and sevoflurane as maintenance agent in a balanced anaesthetic combination for buffaloes undergoing diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy. Twelve clinical cases of diaphragmatic hernia in female buffaloes were randomly selected and assigned to two groups (PS and PI) of six animals each. After premedication with glycopyrrolate, xylazine and butorphanol, induction was done with propofol. For maintenance, either sevoflurane (PS) or isoflurane (PI) was used with oxygen through a partial rebreathing system. Clinical, physiological, behavioral, haematological and biochemical parameters were recorded at different intervals. No significant differences were observed in maintenance scores, degree of muscle relaxation as well as haematological and blood biochemical parameters between the groups. The heart and respiratory rates were observed to be less depressed in PS than in PI. The recovery and standing with ataxia in PS was significantly earlier than the PI. Both isoflurane and sevoflurane were found to be safe and effective maintenance anaesthetic agents for buffaloes undergoing diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy; however, the sevoflurane was assessed to be slightly better as maintenance agent because of faster recovery and lesser cardiovascular depression than isoflurane.
Elasmobranch diversity, conservation and management along Wadge Bank, South India
Authors: Karuppasamy K. , Jawahar P. , Kingston S. David , Venkataramani V. K. , Vidhya V.
Published: July 2019

The study was undertaken to document the elasmobranch diversity and their abundance along Wadge Bank. Species were collected fortnightly during June 2015 to May 2016 from three landing centres viz., Chinnamuttom,Colachel and Vizhinjam of Wadge Bank. A total of 1,575 specimens were collected during the period and 44 species were identified belonging to 8 orders, 13 families and 25 genera. Among the recorded \families,Carcharhinidae is the most dominant family with 12 species. The Colachel landing centre was rich in diversity with 43 species followed by Chinnamuttom 39 species and Vizhinjam26 species. The highest Shannon Weiner diversity (H’ value) was observed at Colachel (4.17) followed by Chinnamuttom (4.11) and Vizhinjam (3.76). The Margalef’s species richness (‘d’) value was assessed at Colachel (4.55) followed by Chinnamuttom (4.01) and Vizhinjam (2.91). The Pielou’s evenness (J’) estimated was 0.7786, 0.7700 and 0.8005respectively, for Chinnamuttom, Colachal and Vizhinjam. The highest taxonomic diversity value was observed at Colachel (60.33) and the lowest during at Vizhinjam (54.08). Among the three landing centres studied, the total phylogenetic diversity (sPhi+) was found to be the lowest at Vizhinjam (940) and highest at Colachel landing centre (1720). Bray Curtis similarities measure was also calculated, fish communities were separated into several clusters based on seasons. The conservation of elasmobranchs and the management measures to be followed along the Wadge Bank is also discussed.
Identification and clinico-gynaecological characterization of reproductive disorders in crossbred cows under field conditions
Authors: Dutta L. J. , Nath K. C. , Deka B. C. , Bhuyan D. , Borah P. , Saikia G. K. , Bora D. P. , Deka R. , Bharali D.
Published: July 2019

The present study was conducted on a total of 909 crossbred cows maintained in various private farms from Kamrup, Darrang and Lakhimpur districts of Assam. Breeding records provided by the farmers and characteristic genital changes detected on per rectum examination of 133 reported infertile cows were analyzed. The study revealed that the incidence of infertility due to different types of reproductive disorders was 14.63 per cent in cross bred cow under field conditions. Common clinically detectable reproductive disorders were repeat breeding with uterine infection, repeat breeding without uterine infection, true anoestrus and silent oestrus with the percentage frequencies of 36.09, 23.30, 20.30 and 17.29 respectively when estimated out of total number of infertile cows. Less frequent reproductive disorders were pyometra, ovarian cyst, infantile genitalia and ovario-bursal adhesion occurring in the frequencies of 36.09, 23.30, 20.30 and 17.29 per cent respectively. Irrespective of type the incidence of anoestrus and repeat breeding was 37.59 and 59.39 per cent respectively. Palpable corpus luteum was present in the ovary of silent oestrous cows but totally absent in cows affected with true anoestrus. Mucopurulent vaginal discharge was a distinct clinically detectable genital characteristic observed in 62.50 per cent repeat breeder cows with uterine infection. Of the infertile cows 53.38 per cent had body condition score between 2.5 and 3.5 and 46.61 per cent had the score less than 2.5. Out of repeat breeder cows with uterine infection 43.66 per cent had good body condition and 27.41 per cent poor body condition. Level of serum calcium, zinc, leptin, ghrelin and IGF-1 did not vary significantly between types of infertility. Level of phosphorus and iron was lower in cows affected with repeat breeding due to infection. Serum oestrogen level remained low in cows affected with silent oestrus and true anoestrus while level of progesterone was higher in cows affected with silent oestrus.
Preliminary afforestation effect of the mixed forest Betula alnoides in southern Fujian China
Authors: Chen Bihua , Fang Bijiang , Chen Guobiao , Chen Qinggen , Dai Xinhua , Lin Yongjian , Hong Xiaolong , Zhang Juan , Lin Yuqing
Published: July 2019

The tissue-cultured seedlings of Betula alnoides were introduced to plant in Wanshiqing Area of Fujian Hua’an Jinshan National Forest Farm and Beijing Area of Fujian Longhai Jiulongling National Forest Farm. B.alnoides was mixed with Castanopsis hystrix with 4 patterns in Wanshiqing Area, and mixed with Cunninghamia lanceolata with three patterns in Beijing Area. After one year the sample plots were set and each tree in the plots was investigated. The results showed the effects of the mix afforestation patterns to the growth of B. alnoides were significant difference in the early stage. The optimal pattern was the pure forest of B. alnoides with the best tree height and DBH. It was possible that the pure forest crowns closed after one year and created a small forest climate. The termites, crickets, Anoplophora chinensis and Batocera lineolata were found damaging to the B. alnoide in Wanshiqing Area, but not in Beijing Area.
Effect of glass industry effluent on seed germination and biochemical parameters of Glycine max (Soyabean)
Authors: Rathi Prachi M , Madan Sangeeta
Published: July 2019

Effluent generated by various processes in factories is directly discharged without any end point treatment into drains and used for irrigation purposes. The present study was carried out to assess the effects of glass industry effluent on seed germination and seedling growth of Glycine max. Different physico-chemical parameters of effluent were analysed. The pot culture laboratory experiment was conducted with the different effluent concentrations viz., 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% along with control (ground water) used as irrigation for Glycine max crop on different time interval. The growth parameters and biochemical parameters of Glycine max were measured as root length shoot length, vigour index, chlorophyll content, ascorbic acid, fresh biomass and dry biomass on 21st day of sowing period. Maximum results of plant parameters were obtained in 25% effluent concentration diluted with 75% ground due to optimum level of nutrients present in it.
Heterosis, inbreeding depression and combining ability studies in garden pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Katoch Viveka , Bharti Akanksha , Sharma Shweta , Sharma Akhilesh , Kumari Vedna
Published: July 2019

In the present investigation, fifteen hybrids were developed during 2014-15 by utilizing five lines (Line 12, Line 13, Line 14, Line 15 and Line 17) and three testers (Matar Ageta, Palam Triloki and Arkel) and, were evaluated along with their parents for heterosis and combining ability studies following randomized complete block design during 2015-16. Same material was evaluatedin F2 during 2016-17 to ascertain the inbreeding depression. A wide range of residual heterosis over better parent and standard checks was observed in F2 generation for pod yield and related traits. Significant values of inbreeding depression and inbreeding vigour were found for almost all the traits in different crosses. Cross L13 x T2 exhibited maximum significant and negative residual heterosis over better parent (22.59%) and SC1 (17.39%) for days to 50% flowering and for days to first picking (9.50%), also exhibited maximum significant and negative residual heterosis (12.83%) over better parent for days to first picking. Studies on GCA effects revealed that line 17 was best general combiner for number of pods per plant, pod yield per plant and amongst testers, Palam Triloki for days to 50% flowering and days to first picking.On the basis of per se performance, extent of heterosis and specific combining ability effects, hybrid 17 x Palam Triloki and L13 × Palam Triloki were identified as the best crosses for earliness in F1 and F2 respectively. L17 x Arkel and L17 x Palam Triloki were observed as best hybrid for high green pod yield per plant, pods per plant and number of pods per plant in F1 and F2 respectively.
Daur Ulang Limbah Cair CPO Menjadi Sabun Cuci
Authors: Mara Ady , Agustin Yeni
Published: July 2019

Kelapa sawit adalah salah satu tanaman penghasil minyak nabati yang sangat penting. Semakin banyaknya proses pengolahan minyak kelapa sawit menyebabkan jumlah limbah yang dihasilkan akan semakin meningkat juga. Limbah cair dari hasil pengolahan minyak kelapa sawit terdapat kandungan organik cukup tinggi. Melalui penelitian ini dilakukan pemanfaatan limbah (waste re-use) dengan menjadikan limbah CPO sebagai bahan baku dalam pembuatan sabun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik sabun. Parameter analisis mutu sabun meliputi kadar air, alkali bebas, lemak tak tersabunkan, minyak dan bilangan penyabunan. Dilakukan juga pengukuran pH, konduktivitas dan tegangan permukaan menggunakan pHmeter, konduktometer dan metode plat. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, sabun memiliki karakteristik: kadar air 21,9779%(b/b), alkali bebas 0,7443%(b/v), lemak tak tersabunkan 3,8438%(b/v), kadar minyak 9,2856%(b/b) dan bilangan penyabunan 89,7549 (mg KOH/g minyak). Konsentrasi optimum sabun adalah 4,5 %(b/v), dengan selisih tegangan permukaan sebesar 0,01092 dyne/cm. PH optimum sabun sebesar 12,62 dan konduktivitas optimum sabun sebesar 18,28-1m-1.