bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemahaman tentang Budaya Supporter Sepakbola (Kajian Fenomenologi Berdasarkan Kasus Supporter Sepakbola Aremania Malang)
Authors: Ahmad Harun , Yahmun Yahmun
Published: October 2019

The research was motivated by the debate over cultural affairs of football supporters in both theoretical and empirical levels. From these debates there are a number of relevant problems to be studied further, especially emic perspective, ie with respect to (1) the concept of football supporters socially constructed and is rooted in the view Aremania, (2) typology of football supporters among Aremania accordance with the concepts and categories as well as the basic values of what used as the basis of concepts and categorization, (3) football supporter culture is used as the common reference Aremania and the factors that inﬂuence it. This research is a qualitative phenomenological, with three methodological implications, namely (1) to put the focus on the observation and study of the social practices that take place as rergularitas daily, (2) to notice cultural aspects or dimensions that surround the practice of social actors, and (3) to put the actors as knowledgeable agents of social practice, it is necessary for the analysis of strategic conduct. The experiment was conducted in Malang, East Java, precisely in the city of Malang, with feld activities for one year, ie since the beginning of October 2011 to October 2012, and obtained the following results. First, Aremania football fans everywhere characterized as football fans in general. This is consistent with the conception of football supporters who claim that football fans are different from other fans because of the audience but also have high levels of bigotry against high club. However, it is wrong to equate Aremania with other football fans. Because, unlike fanatical fanaticism of Aremania of the other football fans. But the ethics are culture fanatic fans who wanted to be constructed by Aremania. Fanatical but should not be to the extent of harm to others. There is respect for the values of humanity while keeping the honor and dignity of the people of Malang. Secondly, based on the emic perspective, football fans have covered broader meaning than merely watching football. Devoting time and energy maximize resources belonging to supporting his favorite club is also interpreted as a football supporter culture. Even time consuming as well as the soul-body to support his/her favorite team is also defned as the culture of football fans. Third, even football and it’s important for Arema people of Malang, but its primacy over the instrumental is more pride and underwriters including a source of honor and dignity of Malang people. This is consistent with the ethos of the culture of the Malang who “comes frst” matter of honor and dignity.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR MATAKULIAH MENULIS FIKSI BERBASISNILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL PADA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA DAN SASTRA INDONESIA IKIP BUDI UTOMO MALANG
Authors: Susandi Susandi
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study is to describe: (1) teaching material product; (2) the presentation; (3) the use of language; and (4) graphic writing fiction teaching materials based multicultural values.The design of the teaching materials development in this study was adapted from the theory of design R & D by Borg and Gall which is carried out through five stages: (1) preliminary study, (2) planning, (3) developing type/shape of the initial product, (4) early stage field trials and revision, (5) primary field trials and revision. Data analysis of this study is obtained percentage score (1) expert literature instructional materials of 98,9%, (2) proficient writing instructional materials 97.14%,(3) field practitioners in this case teacher of 76.67%,and (4) the students of 85.125%, which means that the percentage of product development is also quite valid/ feasible for learning offiction writing based multicultural values in the education program of language and Indonesian literature IKIP Budi Utomo Malang.
PENGOBATAN TRADISIONAL SEBUAH KAJIAN INTERAKSIONISME SIMBOLIK
Authors: Setiawan Hendri , Kurniawan Faizal
Published: October 2019

People have a belief in finding different healing from one another. Some people entrusted to medical treatments, and the others entrusted to traditional treatments. Those who did traditional treatments believe that because of their culture which forms the society’s behavior to entrust healing through traditional treatment. For the people of Desa Tutut Arjowinangun Malang, Pengobatan tradisional is a socio-cultural treatment or treatment based on culture. Pengobatan Tradisional here uses a dream interpretation that can only be done by the healer or shaman Pengobatan Tradisional. The solution of the pain suffered by the patient is derived from a dukun’s dream interpretation and combined with the ritual of giving salt to the patient. The ability of healers, shamans, or healers to carry out traditional medical practices is not obtained by chance or by accident, but by a certain stage or ritual. A healer or dukun has the ability to carry out his traditional treatment practices also through the possession of heirlooms. They are like kris and or ancient weapons in the past, stone, jewelry, and so on. These heritage objects are believed to give a power to perform a ritual both for treatment and other activities that can not be done by most humans. In addition to some of the explanations that have been outlined above, traditional medicine still has a place in the Society due to the support of the surrounding community. The village community of Tutut Arjowinangun gives trust to the dukun Pengobatan Tradisional to provide an alternative for healing. The community of Desa Tutut Arjowinangun Malang has different perception about illness. The majority of Tutut Arjowinangun Malang Village people interprete medical illness as a disturbance of the body’s metabolic system. But the people of Desa Tutut Arjowinangun Malang who still adhere to cultural values will certainly have different perception on the pain. As Foster points out that a personalistic system is a system in which illness is caused by the intervention of an active agent, an active agent here being a supernatural being. These supernatural beings are like supernatural beings or gods, non-human beings such as ghosts, ancestral spirits or evil spirits as well as human beings in the form of sorcerers or sorcerers. So here the sick person is the victim, the object of aggression or punishment specifically directed to him for special reasons concerning him alone.
STRATEGI PENANGANAN PERILAKU MENYIMPANG PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI GURU SEBAGAI ROLE MODEL
Authors: Setyowati Endang , Nurdahlia Dwi Ulfa
Published: October 2019

Deviant behavior is defined as behavior, actions, or someone in response to the environment contrary to the norms and laws that exist in society. Amid public life still occasionally encountered measures are not in accordance with the rules (norms) in effect on the community, for example a students cheat on quizzes, lying, stealing, and disturbing other students. Spot, the role of teachers is necessary and can be done through education and will appear, when the teacher managed to create a positive character on learners, for example learners will be an honest individual (not cheating on replay, lying, stealing) and disturbing other students. Therefore, teachers become good role models, pay attention to several criteria such as: having a good personality, including how to speak, how to relate with learners, behavior, etchics are high, kind, friendly, trustworthy, resolute, sincerity in teaching, course of action that leads to a positive attitude and so on.
Pengaruh Peregangan – Pemanasan dan Pemanasan – Peregangan Terhadap Kecepatan Lari 54,86 Meter (60 Yard)
Authors: Sulikan Sulikan
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the the research is to know the effectiveness of the inﬂuence of stretching-up and warming-up-stretching toward the velocity of 60 yard dash. Population used are the students ( male ) of IKIP Budi Utomo Malang S1 program especially the ffth semester. Here the writer takes 80 students as samples from 178 students ramdomly. The samples are divided into 4 gruops by matching them that each group consists of 20 students.The kind of research experiments is using the design of the study latin square. The experiments is done about 4 weeks, once a week. That uses four treatmen as follow : treatment A, B, C and D. Each group is treated differently a week, so in 4 weeks all group will have same 4 kind of treatment. Tehnik collecting data obtained from pre-test and post-test that carried on four times.The analysis of data obtained Anava and “ t “ test which use the value of signifcant 5 % and 1 %. From the analysis of data above here the result : There is different inﬂuence that is very signifcant among treatment A, B, C, D in increasing the velocity of the 60 yard dash. Conclusion the inﬂuence of stretching-warning-up is more effective in increasing the velocity of 60 yard dash than the warming-up – stretching.
Peningkatan Ketrampilan Metakognisi Mahasiswa IKIP Budi Utomo Malang Melalui Penerapan Tutor Sebaya Dipadukan dengan The Power of Two dalam Matakuliah Kimia Dasar
Authors: Agustina Wilyati
Published: October 2019

Based on the observation showed that the student’s do not use the concept they had to solve new problems that is solved by using they had. The basic chemical is general courses that must be taken by students of MIPA (Mathematics and Science), where subjects are abstract and difficult to understand, the calculation of the chemical needs to optimize the students’ ability, it is expected to be able to form: independent personality, patterned science thought, creative, and an objective that has a character (soft skills) in appearance , attitude, and behavior levels. One of the parameters to find out is through the skill improvement metacognition. In the reserach problem is wether peer teaching merged with the power of two in The basic chemical can improve IKIP Budi Utomo student’smetacognitive skill. The design of this reserch is Class action reserach that developed by Kemmis and Taggart. There are four steps/ phases. 1) planning, 2) acting, 3) observing, 4) analyzing and reflecting. The result of study reserach, there is significant improvement from the average of cicle I to II from 44,5 score- 69,3 and the score of completness is 40,3 %
Rethinking the Concept of Team Teaching for English and Non-English Course
Authors: Maharddhika Rizkiana
Published: October 2019

Generally, a course is taught by one lecturer during one semester. However, one of the institutions in Malang implemented a team teaching model in almost all courses either English or Non-English course. The courses with two and three credits are strongly advised to implement the team teaching model. In this institution, team teaching model is one subject taught by two lecturers; one lecturer for seven meetings before the middle test, and another different lecturer for seven meetings after the middle test. In other words, students will meet two lecturers for one course in one semester in turn. Hence, in this study, the researcher aims to elaborate the concept of team teaching model implemented in this institution. Then, it compared to the real concept of team teaching implementation from other discussions. As a result, there was a bit misconception in the implementation of team teaching concept in this institution. Overall, this study hopefully contributes the insight of team teaching concept for this institution that could be implemented to all courses properly later on
Televizyon Reklamlarında Kadınların Güç Temsili: Süper Kahramanların Kullanımı
Authors: Akıner Nurdan , Birol Murat
Published: October 2019

Türkiye’de özellikle son yıllarda güç temsilinin kitle iletişim araçlarında çeşitli biçimlerde sunulduğu gözlemlenmektedir. Medyanın gücüne bağlı olarak bu durumun en sembolik biçimde karşılaşıldığı ortamlar, televizyon reklamlarıdır. Televizyon reklamlarında güç, sıklıkla izleyiciye bir temsil kullanılarak sunulmaktadır. Toplumlara ait ekonomi-politik ve sosyo-kültürel unsurların ekranlara reklamlar aracılığıyla yansıdığı da bilinen bir gerçektir. Reklam metinleri, çoğunlukla toplumdaki bireyleri işaret ederek mesajlarını gerçek kimseler ya da yaratılan süper kahramanlar aracılığıyla aktarmaktadır. Reklam metinlerindeki kahramanlar ait olunan toplumdaki kadın ve erkek rollerini temel alarak inşa edilmektedir. Toplumsal cinsiyet bağlamında, modern demokratik toplumsal sistemlerde cinsiyete özgü tabakalaşma, eşitsizlik ve ayrımcılık kadınları ötekileştirmekte ve daha orantısız biçimde etkilemektedir. Bu noktada reklamlar, ataerkil toplum uzantısındaki modern toplum yapılarında kadının ikinci plana atılan konum ve rollerini yeniden üretmektedir. Toplumdaki konumuna işaret edilerek rolleriyle pasifize edilen kadınların, temsilleri de televizyon reklamlarına gerçek yaşantıdaki benzer şekliyle yansır. Toplumların sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomi-politik etkileşimleri sürecinde ev ortamı kadına ait görüldüğü için ev uğraşıları da sıklıkla kadının dünyasında sunulur. Bu çerçevede ev ortamına dair temsillerin sunulduğu en belirgin örnekler temizlik ürünü reklamlarında yer almaktadır. Ayrıca, bu reklamlarda genellikle ürünü kullanan ya da temsil eden gerçek ya da hayali bir kahraman kullanımı söz konusudur. Temizlik ürünü reklamlarının hedef kitlesi kadınlar olduğu için reklam metinleri de kadının dünyasına seslenerek hazırlanır. Bu çalışmada, temizlik ürünleri Cif, Mr. Muscle ve Ace’nin televizyonda yayınlanan reklamlarındaki kadının güç temsilleri ve süper kahraman kullanımı göstergebilimsel çözümleme yöntemiyle karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, farklı markalardaki temizlik ürünlerinin benzer yollarla güç temsili kullandığı görülse de görsel ve metinsel içerikler değerlendirildiğinde birtakım farklıların olduğu görülmektedir.
Anlatılan Senin Hikayendir / De Te Fabula Narratur
Authors: Hamit Mertkan
Published: October 2019

Aslı Vatansever & Meral Gezici Yalçın (2015). "Ne Ders Olsa Veririz" Akademisyenin Vasıfsız İşçiye Dönüşümü. İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. 268 sayfa. ISBN: 9789750516924.
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI KPR BERBASIS ANDROID DI KOTA BATAM
Authors: Siyamto Yuli
Published: October 2019

Kredit Pemilikan Rumah merupakan salah satu jenis pembiayaan dari perbankan. Pembelian rumah sebagai tempat tinggal atau investasi, selalu diminati oleh setiap orang sepanjang jaman. Masyarakat Batam yang berkeinginan membeli properti, umumnya tidak mengetahui berapa besar uang muka (dp) yang perlu dipersiapkan, berapa cicilan per bulannya dan pendapatan minimal yang harus dimiliki calon kreditur, agar proses pengajuan Kredit Pemilikan Rumah (KPR) disetujui oleh pihak bank. Pada beberapa bank, mensyaratkan beberapa surat-surat keterangan sebagai syarat administrasi. Metode yang peneliti gunakan adalah SDLC dengan model waterfall. Tool yang digunakan dalam membangun aplikasi adalah Android Studio versi 2.1.2 dan pemodelannya menggunakan Unified Modelling Language (UML). Sedangan tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana membangun aplikasi KPR berbasis Android .
EFEKTIFITAS EDMODO SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DI PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Jamil Nopriadi
Published: October 2019

Media sosial dapat membantu seseorang untuk melakukan interaksi dengan yang lainnya. Munculnya berbagai macam platform media sosial mempengaruhi model interaksi termasuk interaksi yang dilakukan di perkuliahan. Masalah yang timbul adalah model perkuliahan yang sebagian besar masih dilakukan secara konvensional tanpa didukung oleh teknologi ataupun media pembelajaran. Model pembelajaran ini dinilai kurang menarik bagi mahasiswa dan tidak efektif serta menyebabkan suasana perkuliahan menjadi tidak interaktif dan materi hanya bersumber dari dosen pengajar. Daya serap yang berbeda juga menjadi faktor kurangnya respon mahasiswa terhadap materi pembelajaran. Edmodo adalah jejaring sosial yang memiliki kemiripan dengan facebook dan didesain khusus untuk kemudahan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan media edmodo sebagai penunjang pembelajaran di perguruan tinggi. Objek penelitian adalah mahasiswa disalah satu perguruan tinggi yang mengambil mata kuliah Komputer Aplikasi dan terdiri dari dua kelas yaitu kelas yang menggunakan edmodo dan kelas konvensional. Teknik pengambilan data dengan menggunakan uji normalitas, homogenitas, kesamaan dua rata rata dan uji t. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan diketahui bahwa edmodo efektif digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran dan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media pembelajaran edmodo lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional.
PENERAPAN JARINGAN SYARAF TIRUAN PADA PENGENALAN KARAKTER POLA TULISAN INCUNG DENGAN METODE BACKPROPAGATION
Authors: Sari Intan Utna
Published: October 2019

Salah satu dari pengenalan pola yang umum dikenal orang adalah pengenalan tulisan. Pengenalan tulisan yang dijadikan objek dalam penelitian ini adalah karakter aksara tulisan Incung. Tulisan Incung memiliki keunikan dari bentuknya yang berbeda dengan tulisan lainnya. Ekstraksi ciri karakter dilakukan dengan metode backpropagation. Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan dengan algoritma Backpropagation dibentuk dengan membuat generalisasi aturan pelatihan dan pengujian dengan cara menambahkan lapisan tersembunyi atau Hidden layer. Hasil dari percobaan menunjukkan bahwa Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan dengan algoritma Backpropagation yang sudah dilatih dan diuji dengan baik akan memberikan keluaran yang masuk akal jika diberikan masukan yang serupa dengan pola yang dipakai untuk pelatihan dan pengujian. Sifat generalisasi ini membuat pelatihan dan pengujian lebih efisien karena tidak perlu dilakukan pada semua data.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Bertanam Sayur Berbasis Web
Authors: Setiyadi Ramdhani Dwi
Published: October 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang sistem informasi manajemen bertanam sayur berbasis web. Pada penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian dalam bentuk metode deskriptif yang menggambarkan masalah yang terjadi di lapangan sebagaimana adanya. Dalam pengumpulan data, penulis melakukan penelitian lapangan dengan observasi dan wawancara, sedangkan dalam pengembangan sistem penulis menggunakan metode life cycle. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perlunya sebuah sistem informasi yang menyajikan cara-cara yang baik dan benar untuk menanam sayuran. Kemudian penulis merancang sistem informasi manajemen menanam sayuran berbasis web, sistem ini setiap hari akan memberikan informasi tentang apa yang harus dilakukan dengan tanaman sayuran dari bibit hingga panen. Tidak berguna bagi petani sayuran saja, sistem ini juga berguna bagi orang yang tidak tahu cara menanam sayuran yang baik dan benar. Dengan demikian, produk sayuran di Indonesia bisa meningkat.
Insecticidal Action of Several Isolates of Entomopathogenic Fungi against The Granary Weevil Sitophilus granarius
Authors: Mantzoukas Spiridon , Lagogiannis Ioannis , Mpekiri Maria , Pettas Ioannis , Eliopoulos Panagiotis A.
Published: October 2019

The insecticidal virulence of various entomopathogenic fungal isolates retrieved from soil samples was tested on adults of the granary weevil Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Bioassays were carried out in the laboratory where experimental adults were sprayed with 1 mL of conidial suspension (108 conidia/mL) from each isolate. Mortality was recorded at 7, 14, and 21 days after exposure. Mean mortality, mean lethal time, survival, and hazard effect were estimated for each isolate. Two isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), one isolate of Aspergillus insuetus (Bainier) Thom & Church (Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschinkoff) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) resulted in the highest mortality (97–100%). The isolates with both the highest hazard effect and the lowest survival rate were Aspergillus sp. and M. anisopliae. Our results indicate that entomopathogenic fungi have the potential to become a very useful tool in reducing chemical applications in storage facilities.
Differential Response of Sugar Beet to Long-Term Mild to Severe Salinity in a Soil–Pot Culture
Authors: Tahjib-UI-Arif Md. , Sohag Abdullah , Afrin Sonya , Bashar Kazi , Afrin Tania , Mahamud A.G.M. , Polash Mohammed , Hossain Md. , Sohel Md. , Brestic Marian , Murata Yoshiyuki
Published: October 2019

Attempts to cultivate sugar beet (Beta vulgaris spp. vulgaris) in the sub-tropical saline soils are ongoing because of its excellent tolerance to salinity. However, the intrinsic adaptive physiology has not been discovered yet in the sub-tropical climatic conditions. In this study, we investigated morpho-physiological attributes, biochemical responses, and yield of sugar beet under a gradient of salinity in the soil–pot culture system to evaluate its adaptive mechanisms. Results exhibited that low and high salinity displayed a differential impact on growth, photosynthesis, and yield. Low to moderate salt stress (75 and 100 mM NaCl) showed no inhibition on growth and photosynthetic attributes. Accordingly, low salinity displayed simulative effect on chlorophyll and antioxidant enzymes activity which contributed to maintaining a balanced H2O2 accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, relative water and proline content showed no alteration in low salinity. These factors contributed to improving the yield (tuber weight). On the contrary, 250 mM salinity showed a mostly inhibitory role on growth, photosynthesis, and yield. Collectively, our findings provide insights into the mild–moderate salt adaptation strategy in the soil culture test attributed to increased water content, elevation of photosynthetic pigment, better photosynthesis, and better management of oxidative stress. Therefore, cultivation of sugar beet in moderately saline-affected soils will ensure efficient utilization of lands.
Optimizing and Comparing Ultrasound- and Microwave-Assisted Extraction Methods Applied to the Extraction of Antioxidant Capsinoids in Peppers
Authors: Vázquez-Espinosa Mercedes , González de Peredo Ana V. , Ferreiro-González Marta , Barroso Carmelo G. , Palma Miguel , Barbero Gerardo F. , Espada-Bellido Estrella
Published: October 2019

Capsinoids are very similar antioxidant compounds to capsaicinoids, but less irritating, non-pungent and more palatable, and can thus be used in greater concentrations for food applications. To date, three capsinoids (capsiate, dihydrocapsiate, and nordihydrocapsiate) have been isolated from the pepper fruits. Due to its substantial commercial importance, it would be convenient to determine which pepper varieties have a richer content. Ultrasound- (UAE) and microwave- (MAE) assisted extraction have been implemented and analyzed using multivariate statistical methods. Firstly, different solvents were tested individually. The three best solvents were used in a set mixture design, where 42% methanol and 58% ethyl acetate were determined as the optimum combination for UAE, and 100% methanol for MAE. Subsequently, a Box–Behnken experimental design with four variables for both UAE and MAE (time, temperature, pH and sample mass:solvent volume “ratio”) was performed. The sample mass:solvent volume was the most influential variable in UAE; while for MAE no variable was any more influential than the others. Finally, both optimized extraction methods were successfully applied to different varieties of peppers. Besides, to demonstrate the efficiency of both extraction methods, a recovery study was performed. The results prove the potential of both techniques as highly adequate methods for the extraction of capsinoids from peppers.
Leguminous Alley Cropping Improves the Production, Nutrition, and Yield of Forage Sorghum
Authors: da Costa Leite Robson , Donizetti dos Santos José Geraldo , da Costa Leite Rubson , Fernandes Sousa Luciano , de Sousa Soares Guilherme Octávio , Fernandes Rodrigues Luan , Santana da Silva Carneiro Jefferson , Clementino dos Santos Antonio
Published: October 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the growth, production, and leaf contents of macronutrients, as well as the yield of forage sorghum cultivated on the alleys of Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp.) and Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit) in the presence and absence of mineral fertilization. The experiment was conducted in two different periods: During the 2016/2017 double crop (cultivation carried out at the end of the crop cycle) and during the 2017/2018 crop (cultivation carried out at the beginning of the crop cycle). A randomized block design, in which the first factor refers to cultivation systems (single sorghum, sorghum cultivated in Gliricidia alleys, and sorghum cultivated in Leucaena alleys) and the second factor refers to mineral fertilization (presence and absence of fertilization), in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement was used. The leguminous plants were cut, and the residues were deposited in the alleys. The cultivation in alleys without mineral fertilization increased total forage biomass when compared to the single crop cultivation. Cultivation in Leucaena alleys showed a higher leaf content of nitrogen (N) when compared to the single crop, both in the presence and absence of mineral fertilization. In the double crop, sorghum cultivated in Leucaena alleys without fertilization presented a higher forage yield (up to 67%) when compared to the single crop system. However, there was no difference in yield when mineral fertilization was applied to the treatments. Overall, the alley crops were able to increase the morphological (plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), panicle diameter (PD), and panicle length (PL) and yield (leaf dry mass (LDM), stem dry mass (SDM), total green mass (TGM), and total dry mass TDM) variables of the crop, improving the productivity of forage sorghum.
Integrative Effects of Rice-Straw Biochar and Silicon on Oil and Seed Quality, Yield and Physiological Traits of Helianthus annuus L. Grown under Water Deficit Stress
Authors: Seleiman Mahmoud F. , Refay Yahya , Al-Suhaibani Nasser , Al-Ashkar Ibrahim , El-Hendawy Salah , Hafez Emad M.
Published: October 2019

Water deficit stress can negatively affect oil quality, crop yields and soil infertility. Thus, we investigated the effects of rice-straw biochar, foliar silicon and their combination on quality, yield and physiological traits of sunflower grown under three water deficit stress treatments. Water stress treatments were 50% (WS0; no stress), 70% (WS1; moderate stress) and 90% (WS2; severe stress) depletion of the available soil moisture. The results showed that WS1 and WS2 negatively affected oil quality, mycorrhizal spores, yield and physiological traits of the sunflower; however, biochar, silicon and their combination significantly (p ≤ 0.05) improved most of those traits. Oil and oleic acid contents of sunflower grown under WS2 were decreased by 18% and 25.8% compared to those grown under WS0, respectively. Nevertheless, the biochar and silicon combination resulted in higher oil (10.2%) and oleic acid (12.2%) in plants grown under WS2 than those grown in untreated plots. Also, a significant increase (182% and 277%) in mycorrhizal spores was obtained in soil treated combination of biochar and silicon under WS1 and WS2 in comparison to untreated soil, respectively. On the other hand, plants grown under WS1 and WS2 exhibited reduced seed yield ha−1 by 16.5% and 53.5% compared to those grown under WS0, respectively. However, seed yield ha−1 were increased by 26.8% and 27.1% in plots treated with combined treatment compared to untreated plants, respectively. In addition, the biochar and silicon combination significantly increased stomatal conductance by 21.4% and 12.1%, reduced proline by 56.6% and 51.2% and reduced catalase activity by 13.4% and 17.3% under WS1 and WS2 compared to those grown in untreated plots, respectively. Therefore, the combined treatment of biochar and silicon can minimize and alleviate the negative effects of WS1 and WS2, improve oil quality, physiological traits, microbial activity and seed yield ha−1 in sunflower plants.
Effects of Different Growth Stages of Amaranth Silage on the Rumen Degradation of Dairy Cows
Authors: Ma Jian , Sun Guoqing , Shah Ali Mujtaba , Fan Xue , Li Shengli , Yu Xiong
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the rumen degradation characteristic of amaranth silage (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) including four kinds of growing stages (budding stage (BS), 50 d after planting (DAP); early flowering stage (ES), 58 DAP; peak flowering stage (PS), 70 DAP; heading stage (HS), 90 DAP). Four Holstein dairy cows with permanent ruminal cannulas were used as experimental animals. Nylon-bag method was used to assess the ruminal degradability of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF). The results showed that the concentration of DM in HS was significantly higher than other stages (p < 0.05), whereas the contents of CP, were lower than in other stages (p < 0.05). With the extension of the growing period, the DM effective degradability of amaranth silage decreased gradually, and the difference was significant (p < 0.05). The ruminal CP degradation of 72 h was more than 80%, and compared with ES and HS, the degradation rate of BS and PS was significantly increased (p < 0.05). Compared to BS, the effective degradability of CP was increased (p < 0.05) in ES and HS. For ruminal NDF degradability, the effective degradability of HS was minimum, and it had a noticeable difference with BS and ES (p < 0.05). Thus, the different quality of amaranth growth stage including chemical contents and rumen degradation should be taken into consideration when making amaranth silage. In the present study, the optimal growth stage of amaranth was from the peak flowering stage to heading stage for ensiling.
Assessing Risks to Wildlife from Free-Roaming Hybrid Cats: The Proposed Introduction of Pet Savannah Cats to Australia as a Case Study
Authors: Dickman Christopher R. , Legge Sarah M. , Woinarski John C. Z.
Published: October 2019

Hybrid cats—created by crossing different species within the family Felidae—are popular pets, but they could potentially threaten native species if they escape and establish free-roaming populations. To forestall this possibility, the Australian government imposed a specific ban on importation of the savannah cat, a hybrid created by crossing the domestic cat Felis catus and serval Leptailurus serval, in 2008. We develop a decision–framework that identifies those species of non-volant native mammals in Australia that would likely have been susceptible to predation by savannah cats if importation and establishment had occurred. We assumed that savannah cats would hunt ecologically similar prey to those that are depredated by both the domestic cat and the serval, and categorised native mammals as having different levels of susceptibility to predation by savannah cats based on their size, habitat range, and behaviour. Using this framework, we assessed savannah cats as likely to add at least 28 extant native mammal species to the 168 that are known already to be susceptible to predation by the domestic cat, posing a risk to 91% of Australia’s extant non-volant terrestrial mammal species (n = 216) and to 93% of threatened mammal species. The framework could be generalised to assess risks from any other hybrid taxa.
Acetate Affects the Process of Lipid Metabolism in Rabbit Liver, Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue
Authors: Liu Lei , Fu Chunyan , Li Fuchang
Published: October 2019

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (a microbial fermentation production in the rabbit gut) have an important role in many physiological processes, which may be related to the reduced body fat of rabbits. In the present experiment, we study the function of acetate (a major SCFA in the rabbit gut) on fat metabolism. Ninety rabbits (40 days of age) were randomly divided into three groups: a sham control group (injection of saline for four days); a group experiencing subcutaneous injection of acetate for four days (2 g/kg BM per day, one injection each day, acetate); and a pair-fed sham treatment group. The results show that acetate-inhibited lipid accumulation by promoting lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation and inhibiting fatty acid synthesis. Activated G protein-coupled receptor 41/43, adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 signal pathways were likely to participate in the regulation in lipid accumulation of acetate. Acetate reduced hepatic triglyceride content by inhibiting fatty acid synthesis, enhancing fatty acid oxidation and lipid output. Inhibited peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and activated AMPK and ERK1/2 signal pathways were related to the process in liver. Acetate reduced intramuscular triglyceride level via increasing fatty acid uptake and fatty acid oxidation. PPARα was associated with the acetate-reduced intracellular fat content.
Use of Cold-Pressed Sunflower Cake in the Concentrate as a Low-Input Local Strategy to Modify the Milk Fatty Acid Profile of Dairy Cows
Authors: Goiri Idoia , Zubiria Izaro , Benhissi Hanen , Atxaerandio Raquel , Ruiz Roberto , Mandaluniz Nerea , Garcia-Rodriguez Aser
Published: October 2019

Cold-pressed sunflower cake (CPSC) is a cheap by-product of oil-manufacturing. Supplementing diets with CPSC, rich in fat and linoleic acid, could be an effective tool for increasing healthy fatty acids (FA) in milk. To test this hypothesis, 10 cows were used in a crossover design with two experimental diets fed during two 63-day periods. Cows’ milk production was recorded and samples were taken for fat, protein, lactose, and for FA composition analysis. Dry matter intake (DMI) and dry matter apparent digestibility (DMD) were estimated using two markers. Milk acceptance test was carried out. CPSC decreased milk C12:0 (10%, p = 0.023) and C16:0 (5%, p = 0.035) and increased C18:1 cis-12 (37%, p = 0.006), C18:1 trans-11 (32%, p = 0.005), C18:2 cis-9 cis-12 (13%, p = 0.004), and cis-9 trans-11 CLA (35%, p = 0.004). CPSC increased total trans-monounsaturated FA (21%, p = 0.003), total CLA (31%, p = 0.007), and PUFA:SFA ratio (18%, p = 0.006). CPSC did not affect milk production, DMD, DMI and milk composition, but reduced fat yield (9%, p = 0.013) and FCM (7%, p = 0.013). CPSC improved milk overall acceptability. In conclusion, CPSC could modify milk FA profile without a detrimental effect on digestibility, production performance, or milk acceptance.
Salix tetrasperma Roxb. Extract Alleviates Neuropathic Pain in Rats via Modulation of the NF-κB/TNF-α/NOX/iNOS Pathway
Authors: Sobeh Mansour , Mahmoud Mona F. , Rezq Samar , Alsemeh Amira E. , Sabry Omar M. , Mostafa Islam , Abdelfattah Mohamed A. O. , Ait El-Allem Khadija , El-Shazly Assem M. , Yasri Aziz , Wink Michael
Published: October 2019

Patients with neuropathic pain experience chronic painful tingling, burning, and prickling sensations accompanied with hyperalgesia and/or allodynia. In this study, 38 secondary metabolites of a methanol extract from Salix tetrasperma flowers were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The extract showed substantial anti-inflammatory, central and peripheral anti-nociceptive, antipyretic, and antioxidant activities in vitro and in different animal models. In the chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat model, the extract was able to attenuate and significantly relieve hyperalgesia and allodynia responses in a dose dependent manner and restore the myelin sheath integrity and Schwann cells average number in the sciatic nerve. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed that the extract significantly reduced the expression of various pro-inflammatory biomarkers including nuclear factor kabba B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and the oxidative stress biomarker NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1), in brain stem and sciatic nerve tissues. These findings were supported by in vitro enzyme inhibition assays (COX-1, COX-2 and 5-LOX). Moreover, the extract significantly reduced p53 expression in the brain stem tissue. These findings support the use of S. tetrasperma in folk medicine to alleviate pain. It could be a promising natural product for further clinical investigations to treat inflammation, nociceptive pain and chronic neuropathic pain.
Piperine-A Major Principle of Black Pepper: A Review of Its Bioactivity and Studies
Authors: Stojanović-Radić Zorica , Pejčić Milica , Dimitrijević Marina , Aleksić Ana , V. Anil Kumar Nanjangud , Salehi Bahare , C. Cho William , Sharifi-Rad Javad
Published: October 2019

Piperine is the main compound present in black pepper, and is the carrier of its specific pungent taste, which is responsible for centuries of human dietary utilization and worldwide popularity as a food ingredient. Along with the application as a food ingredient and food preservative, it is used in traditional medicine for many purposes, which has in most cases been justified by modern scientific studies on its biological effects. It has been confirmed that piperine has many bioactive effects, such as antimicrobial action, as well as many physiological effects that can contribute to general human health, including immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antimetastatic, antitumor, and many other activities. Clinical studies demonstrated remarkable antioxidant, antitumor, and drug availability-enhancing characteristics of this compound, together with immunomodulatory potential. All these facts point to the therapeutic potential of piperine and the need to incorporate this compound into general health-enhancing medical formulations, as well as into those that would be used as adjunctive therapy in order to enhance the bioavailability of various (chemo)therapeutic drugs.
Carbon Nanotubes Translocation through a Lipid Membrane and Transporting Small Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Molecules
Authors: Gao Yiyi , Mao Dangxin , Wu Jun , Wang Xiaogang , Wang Zhikun , Zhou Guoquan , Chen Liang , Chen Junlang , Zeng Songwei
Published: October 2019

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are extensively adopted in the applications of biotechnology and biomedicine. Their interactions with cell membranes are of great importance for understanding the toxicity of CNTs and the application of drug delivery. In this paper, we use atomic molecular dynamics simulations to study the permeation and orientation of pristine and functionalized CNTs in a lipid bilayer. Pristine CNT (PCNT) can readily permeate into the membrane and reside in the hydrophobic region without specific orientation. The insertion of PCNTs into the lipid bilayer is robust and independent on the lengths of PCNTs. Due to the presence of hydroxyl groups on both ends of the functionalized CNT (FCNT), FCNT prefers to stand upright in the lipid bilayer center. Compared with PCNT, FCNT is more suitable to be a bridge connecting the inner and outer lipid membrane. The inserted CNTs have no distinct effects on membrane structure. However, they may block the ion channels. In addition, preliminary explorations on the transport properties of CNTs show that the small hydrophobic molecule carbon dioxide can enter both PCNT and FCNT hollow channels. However, hydrophilic molecule urea is prone to penetrate the PCNT but finds it difficult to enter the FCNT. These results may provide new insights into the internalization of CNT in the lipid membrane and the transport properties of CNTs when embedded therein.
A Steam Ejector Refrigeration System Powered by Engine Combustion Waste Heat: Part 1. Characterization of the Internal Flow Structure
Authors: Han Yu , Guo Lixin , Wang Xiaodong , Yuen Anthony Chun Yin , Li Cuiling , Cao Ruifeng , Liu Hengrui , Chen Tim Bo Yuan , Tu Jiyuan , Yeoh Guan Heng
Published: October 2019

With the escalating production of automobiles, energy efficiency and environmental friendliness have always been a major concern in the automotive industry. In order to effectively lower the energy consumption of a vehicle, it is essential to develop air-conditioning systems that can make good use of combustion waste heat. Ejector refrigeration systems have become increasingly popular for this purpose due to their energy efficiency and ability to recycle waste heat. In this article, the elements affecting the performance of a typical ejector refrigeration system have been explored using both experimental and numerical approaches. For the first time, the internal flow structure was characterized by means of comprehensive numerical simulations. In essence, three major sections of the steam ejector were investigated. Two energy processes and the shock-mixing layer were defined and analyzed. The results indicated that the length of the choking zone directly affects the entertainment ratio under different primary fluid temperature. The optimum enterainment ratio was achieved with 138 °C primary fluid temperature. The shock-mixing layer was greatly affected by secondary fluid temperature. With increasing of back pressure, the normal shock gradually shifted from the diffuser towards the throat, while the shock train length remains lunchanged.
Mechanochemical-Assisted Extraction and Pharmacological Study of Triterpenoids from Antrodia Camphorata
Authors: He Rongjun , Wu Kaixiang , Zhang Anqiang , Xie Zhangfu , Sun Peilong
Published: October 2019

Antrodia camphorata (AC) is a precious medicinal mushroom native to Taiwan and famous for its excellent pharmacological activity. A ball mill assisted mechanochemical extraction method was applied in the extraction of triterpenoids from Antrodia camphorata. Compared with the ethanol hot thermal reflux method, mechanochemical-assisted extraction afforded an increased yield of triterpenoids to 1.82 ± 0.04% under conditions of mixing with 10 WT% NaHCO3, milling for 20 min, and extracting with water and chloroform. Triterpenoids from Antrodia camphorata extracted by the mechanochemical-assisted extraction method (TAEM) resulted in stronger pharmacological activity as compared to that extracted by ethanol (TAEE). HPLC and LC-MS/MS results showed that the mechanochemical method could extract triterpenoids which were barely extracted by ethanol extraction. The results of this study could provide valuable ideas and a basis for the application of the mechanochemical-assisted extraction method in the extraction of triterpenoids from AC.
Activity Recommendation Model Using Rank Correlation for Chronic Stress Management
Authors: Kang Ji-Soo , Shin Dong-Hoon , Baek Ji-Won , Chung Kyungyong
Published: October 2019

Korean people are exposed to stress due to the constant competitive structure caused by rapid industrialization. As a result, there is a need for ways that can effectively manage stress and help improve quality of life. Therefore, this study proposes an activity recommendation model using rank correlation for chronic stress management. Using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, the proposed model finds the correlations between users’ Positive Activity for Stress Management (PASM), Negative Activity for Stress Management (NASM), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient improves the accuracy of recommendations by putting a basic rank value in a missing value to solve the sparsity problem and cold-start problem. For the performance evaluation of the proposed model, F-measure is applied using the average precision and recall after five times of recommendations for 20 users. As a result, the proposed method has better performance than other models, since it recommends activities with the use of the correlation between PASM and NASM. The proposed activity recommendation model for stress management makes it possible to manage user’s stress effectively by lowering the user’s PSS using correlation.
Command-Filtered Backstepping Integral Sliding Mode Control with Prescribed Performance for Ship Roll Stabilization
Authors: Jin Zhongjia , Zhang Weiming , Liu Sheng , Gu Min
Published: October 2019

In this paper, a novel, robust fin controller based on the backstepping control strategy and sliding mode control is proposed to handle the problem of ship roll stabilization. First, the mathematical model of the fin control system is established, including the modeling errors and the external disturbances generated by sea waves. In order to address the side effects caused by differential expansion, a command-filter is implemented within the backstepping controller design. By introducing a new performance function and a corresponding error transformation, the compensated tracking error can be bounded to achieve the desired prescribed dynamic and steady-state responses. The sliding mode disturbance rejection control with prescribed performance is realized by combining the disturbance observer. Simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Vibro-Acoustic Numerical Simulation for Analyzing Floor Noise of a Multi-Unit Residential Structure
Authors: Park Sangki
Published: October 2019

In South Korea, the construction of new multi-unit residential structures has been continuously increasing in order to accommodate multiple households in single structures. However, the presence of walls and floors shared with neighbors makes these structures exceptionally vulnerable to floor noise transmission when the noise of everyday life occurs. In particular, South Korea has many social problems associated with such floor noise, which require the utmost attention and immediate resolution. In this study, a 17-story structure was selected as a test structure. Field measurements were carried out. A numerical model for the 17-story structure was developed in order to perform a vibro-acoustic analysis. The validation of the numerical model comparing with the field measurement data results shows a good agreement. Finally, it is concluded that numerical analysis can be applied to resolve floor noise problems arising in multi-unit residential structures.
Development and Control of an Electro-Hydraulic Actuator System for an Exoskeleton Robot
Authors: Lee Dongyoung , Song Buchun , Park Sang Yong , Baek Yoon Su
Published: October 2019

Exoskeleton robots have been developed in various fields and are divided into electric and hydraulic exoskeletons according to the actuator type. In the case of hydraulic robots, because a unidirectional pump is applied, there are limitations to the wearer’s walking. In addition, robot systems are complicated, because a directional control valve is required to change the direction of the actuator. To solve these problems, we designed the electro-hydraulic actuator (EHA) system which has both the hydraulic and electric advantages. The EHA system consists of a hydraulic bidirectional pump, a motor, a hydraulic cylinder, and various valves. For the development of the piston pump, we analyzed the gait cycle and considered the flow rate and pulsation rate. In order to reduce the size and weight of the EHA system, the valves were made from one manifold, and the hydraulic circuit was simplified. We verified that the developed EHA system is applicable to robots through position and force control experiments. Because the hydraulic system is nonlinear, we designed a sliding mode control (SMC) and compared it with the proportional integral derivative (PID) controller.