bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ST-40 HALL TRUSTER TESTING WITH LaB6 HOLLOW CATHODE
Authors: Petrenko O. , Kashaba A. , Maslov V. , Oslavsky S.
Published: March 2023

The results of experimental investigation of the ST-40 Hall thruster operating with a heating hexaboride cathode are presented. The readiness of the heating hollow cathode to the thruster start was assessed by reducing the cathode keeper voltage from the start value of 100 V to 15 ... 17 V, when an internal discharge in the hollow cathode occurred. Various cyclograms of the thruster start are considered with the definition of the purpose of the cyclogram, which ensures reliable thruster start. Three cyclograms of the thruster start are investigated: with the thruster’s electromagnet coils switched on; with the coils off; without switching off the voltage at the hollow cathode keeper, which made it possible to restart the thruster without preheating the hollow cathode. The obtained cyclograms make it possible to ensure a reliable start of the ST-40 thruster when operating with a heating hexaboride hollow cathode. In the course of laboratory research, the PPU-300 power processing unit was used. It ensured the stabilization of the discharge power in the thruster’s accelerating channel and stabilization of the currents supplied to the central and external coils of the thruster. The main operating characteristics and parameters of the ST-40 thruster were obtained for three fixed values of the discharge power: 265, 281, 300 W and a change in the mass flow rate of the working substance (Xenon) through the anode unit of the thruster 0.7 ... 1.3 mg/sec. Experimental investigation of the ST-40 thruster in a wide range of parameters made it possible to determine the optimal thruster’s parameters that provide the maximum values of thrust and specific impulse for the given values of the discharge power in the accelerating channel of the thruster and the minimum discharge current. The process of the thruster’s parameters optimizing was carried out by changing the currents flowing through the internal and external coils of the thruster. In the course of experimental research, it was found that the inner coil and the serially connected outer coils can be connected in parallel and powered by a single power supply. Experimental studies have confirmed the correctness of the adopted technical solutions in the development of the ST-40 Hall thruster and the heating hexaboride hollow cathode.
КОМПЛЕКСНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО РОЗВ’ЯЗАННЯ ПРОБЛЕМИ НАДІЙНОГО ОХОЛОДЖЕННЯ КАМЕРИ ДЕТОНАЦІЙНОГО ДВИ
Authors: Aksonov O.S. , Zolotko O.E. , Stolyarchuk V.V.
Published: March 2023

Одним із найперспективніших напрямків розвитку ракетно-космічного двигунобудування є

розробка детонаційних двигунів. Однак для створення таких двигунів необхідно вирішити низку складних технічних проблем. Однією з них є проблема охолодження камери, яка сприймає високі теплові навантаження. Для надійної роботи камери детонаційного двигуна необхідно забезпечити допустиму температуру стінки камери та не допустити самозаймання здатної до детонації підготовленої паливної суміші. Оскільки детонаційний двигун працює в нестаціонарному режимі з різкою зміною параметрів в

камері однією із основних задач для створення надійної системи охолодження є визначення рівня

теплового навантаження на конструкцію. Одним з інструментів вирішення такої задачі є метод чисельного експерименту з використанням технологій математичного моделювання. Для визначення величини питомого теплового потоку до стінки камери детонаційного двигуна проведено обчислювальний експеримент. Результати експерименту добре збігаються з відомими даними інших авторів. Визначено пікове значення питомого теплового потоку на фронті детонаційної хвилі. Отримані результати вказують на те, що камера детонаційного двигуна піддається значно більшому тепловому навантаженню, ніж камера рідинного ракетного двигуна. Проведений аналіз можливості використання традиційних методів та способів охолодження для камери детонаційного двигуна показав їх недостатню ефективність. Тому необхідно проводити розробку нових перспективних методів та способів охолодження камери імпульсного детонаційного двигуна. Складна задача пошуку ефективної системи зовнішнього охолодження камери ракетного детонаційного двигуна потребує комплексного підходу.
ПЛАНУВАННЯ МАНЕВРІВ СТАБІЛІЗАЦІЇ ВИСОТИ ПОЛЬОТУ РАДІОЛОКАЦІЙНОГО СУПУТНИКА З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ЕЛЕКТРОРЕАКТИВНОЇ ДВИГУННОЇ УСТАНОВКИ
Authors: Golubek A.V. , Farafonov G.V.
Published: March 2023

Робота присвячена розробці методу планування включення електрореактивної двигунної установки для забезпечення стабілізації висоти польоту радіолокаційного супутника у висхідному вузлу орбіти з урахуванням обмежень можливостей системи енергопостачання. Розроблено метод повернення траєкторії супутника на номінальну висоту польоту. У його основі лежить рішення варіаційної задачі пошуку оптимального поєднання тривалості включення електрореактивної двигунної установки, орієнтації вектору тяги та аргументу широти орбіти точки включення. Розроблено математичну модель руху супутника, як точки змінної маси, під впливом сил тяги електрореактивної двигунної установки, тяжіння Землі та аеродинамічного опору атмосфери Землі. Визначено програму управління електрореактивною двигунною установкою та її функціонали. Показано, що врахування обмеження часу роботи електрореактивної двигунної установки призводить до необхідності розподілу маневру стабілізації висоти польоту на кілька включень, між якими з’являються дільниці заряду акумуляторної батареї супутника. Запропоновано для всіх включень маневру стабілізації висоти польоту, крім останнього, пошук параметрів програми управління представляти у виді задачі максимальної компенсації відхилення висоти польоту при мінімальних витратах робочого тіла та обмеження на тривалість включення електрореактивної двигунної установки. Для останнього включення – представляти у вигляді задачі забезпечення заданого рівня відхилення висоти орбіти при мінімізації витрат робочого тіла. Проведено комп’ютерне моделювання, що підтвердило працездатність запропонованого методу. Визначено залежність витрат робочого тіла та середньої кількості маневрів, необхідних на стабілізацію висоти орбіти супутника з тягооснащенністю 210-5 та середнім балістичним коефіцієнтом 0,01 м2/кг від висоти сонячно- синхронної орбіти.
HYDRO-GAS-DYNAMIC MODEL OF MOTION OF GAS-SATURATED LIQUID IN A CENTRIFUGAL POROUS PUMP
Authors: Katrenko M. , Eliseyev V. , Panchenko А.
Published: March 2023

An approach has been developed to the formation of a theoretical model of the movement of a gas- saturated liquid in the flow path of a porous centrifugal pump, as an assembly of the system for feeding the reaction mass of liquid-propellant rocket engines. The developed approach is based on a physical model of the turbulent motion of a gas-liquid mixture, within which conservation equations are used. Two models are proposed that describe the movement of a gas-liquid mixture in the flow path of a centrifugal porous pump in a two-phase one- dimensional formulation and a quasi-homogeneous one, complementing each other. A porous impeller of a closed- type centrifugal pump of constant width is considered. The energy losses of the gas-liquid mixture flow at the inlet to the pump impeller, as well as the losses of disk friction associated with rotation in a fixed housing, are not taken into account. The parameters of the viscous and inertial hydraulic resistance coefficients of the porous body are used. In particular, the influence of the static pressure gradient in a gas-saturated liquid and the friction force on the accumulation of gas at the inlet to the impeller and the stability of the liquid supply by the pumping unit is noted. The use of the developed approach makes it possible, by calculation methods, to evaluate the values of parameters characterizing the movement of gas-liquid media in centrifugal porous pumps of the designed systems for feeding propellant components to liquid-propellant rocket engines, to reduce the amount of experimental testing of new and modernized propulsion systems for space stages and launch vehicles.
МЕТОДИКА ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ЕКСПЛУАТАЦІЙНИХ ВИТРАТ СИСТЕМИ ОПАЛЕННЯ АВТОНОМНИХ СПОРУД
Authors: Bucharskyi V.L. , Alekseenko V.G. , Cherniavskyi O.S.
Published: March 2023

У даній роботі пропонується методика оптимізації експлуатаційних витрат при роботі системи опалення автономних центрів зондування Землі, командних пунктів та інших установ, які забезпечують функціонування ракето-космічного комплексу України за рахунок оптимізації масових витрат теплоносія та твердого палива в представленій автономній споруді загальною площею 25 м2. У якості палива використовується біопаливо у вигляді пелет. Для обраної споруди була спроектована система опалення, для якої визначена цільова функція для мінімізації експлуатаційних витрат. Були отримані вирази для теплових і гідравлічних втрат при роботі системи опалення. Визначені теплові втрати споруди через стіни та стелю. Також були проведені розрахунки гідравлічних втрат системи опалення. Отримано математичні моделі елементів системи опалення (твердопаливного котла та батареї опалення). Побудована математична модель для знаходження закономірностей змін теплофізичних параметрів в елементах нашої системи. Розглянуто моделі радіаторів, твердопаливного котла та теплових втрат через огородження споруди. Поставлена і вирішена задача оптимізації експлуатаційних витрат при роботі системи опалення. Результати свідчать про можливість значного зменшення витрат на опалення за рахунок вибору оптимального режиму роботи системи опалення. Отримані результати можуть бути використані при оптимізації експлуатаційних витрат при роботі системи опалення не тільки при використання біопалива у якості джерела енергії у вигляді пелет, а й при використанні традиційних видів палива, таких як природний газ та вугілля.
MONITORAMENTO DE ESCAVAÇÕES DAS GALERIAS DA MINA SUBTERRÂNEA DA MINERAÇÃO CARAÍBA S/A
Authors: Farias Raíza Andressa Silva , Souza Pedro Yamaguchi , De Jesus Erisvaldo Bitencourt
Published: March 2023

O monitoramento de escavação é uma forma concisa de avaliar o desempenho operacional do desenvolvimento de uma galeria através do acompanhamento dos índices de overbreak, underbreak e a qualidade da escavação. Ao iniciar o desenvolvimento das galerias subterrâneas os fatores não controláveis intrínsecos ao maciço rochoso devem ser avaliados de modo que as falhas operacionais peculiares ao processo sejam minimizadas, principalmente, na execução das atividades de marcação topográfica das frentes e perfuração horizontal. Para garantir melhor controle, tornar mais confiáveis às medições dos índices, realizou-se uma retroánalise dos levantamentos das escavações da Mineração Caraíba S/A, determinando os índices de overbreak e underbreak, a qualidade das escavações e correlações entre a razão de carregamento e os indícios foram investigados.
Spotted Gully Shark Triakis megalopterus at Robben Island, Table Bay, South Africa
Authors: Velasco Ekiñe , Zubillaga Jon , Gonzalez Maite , Cottrant Emy
Published: March 2023

We report a sighting of a Spotted Gully Shark Triakis megalopterus at Robben Island, 7 km from the nearest mainland, in Table Bay, South Africa. The sighting was made on 18 February 2023 within an hour of high tide.
Adam Chmara ostatni wojewoda miński i Stanisław August. O podstawach, trwałości i rozpadzie sojuszów oraz przyjaźni politycznych w czasach stanisławowskich
Authors:   Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach, Rolnik Dariusz
Published: March 2023

The question of the success of state repairs depends on the support of the citizens, and it was no different in the Commonwealth during the reign of Stanisław August Poniatowski (1764–1795). To carry the repairs out, an appropriate political base was imperative. Stanisław August rationally devised the repairs but sometimes succumbed to external pressure, leading to conflicts. In this way, the paths of A. Chmara and the king diverged, but their relationships did not break up. They resulted from their common “ideology” of repairing the state.
DESIGN OF BUBBLE IRRIGATION SYSTEM WITH EMITTERS AT GROUND LEVEL
Authors: Botelho Marcone Vilas Boas Leal , Coelho Eugênio Ferreira , Santos Marcelo Rocha
Published: March 2023

In the Brazilian semi-arid, sustainable growth rates and higher standards of living in society may be attained by the use of irrigation aiming at obtaining the best economical function without disregarding several factors, such as labor, soil, and water supply. The objective of this work is presenting an alternative design procedure for low-head bubble irrigation systems so as to make the technology more accessible to users. An electronic spreadsheet was developed and made available for sizing laterals and delivery hoses at ground level based on the principles of mass conservation, energy conservation and friction head loss. 9 combinations of spacings between plants and between rows were used with different lateral lengths, resulting in 22 designs operating at 9.8 kPa (1 m.w.c). Designs were subjected to hydraulic and efficiency tests. Uniformities of water application were computed using Christiansen’s uniformity coefficient and distribution uniformity coefficients. Designs were ranked according to the proposed classification of Mantovani. Irrigation uniformities, above the recommended limits and with low variability across designs, allow us to conclude that the design procedure for the proposed irrigation system is feasible.
3.11.4	FURNACES AND COMBUSTION CHAMBERS: THE STIRRED-REACTOR FURNACE MODEL
Authors: Tucker R. J. , Truelove J. S.
Published: March 2023

Replace the existing Sections 3.11.1-3.11.7 in the folder for Part 3 with the new Sections.
5.2.3 PROPERTIES OF MIXTURES OF FLUIDS: VISCOSITY OF FLUID MIXTURES
Authors: Fenghour A.
Published: March 2023

Replace the existing Section 5.2.3 in the folder for Part 5 with the new Section.
2.5.11	SINGLE-PHASE CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER: AUGMENTATION OF HEAT TRANSFER
Authors: Reay David A. , Bergles Arthur E.
Published: March 2023

Replace the existing Section 2.5.11 in the folder for Part 2 with the new Section.
Interações Contingentes e a formação de uma Comunidade de Prática em um Fórum de Discussão online
Authors: Brito Mateus , Lima Vasconcelos Francisco Herbert , Barros David Priscila
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as mensagens de um fórum de discussão online de uma disciplina do Mestrado Profissional em Tecnologia Educacional de uma universidade pública federal brasileira, ministrada na modalidade híbrida, com o intuito de verificar a manifestação de interações contingentes, por meio de seus elementos linguísticos e cognitivos. O referencial teórico da pesquisa baseia-se no conceito de interações contingentes e de comunidades de prática, mediadas pelas TDIC. O estudo consiste em uma pesquisa quanti-qualitativa com base nos dados resultante da aplicação das categorias Textualização e Aprendizagem do Sistema de Análise de Interações Contingentes (SAIC), conforme David e Castro Filho (2012). Tal sistema busca identificar interações que refletem um maior engajamento dos participantes e um contexto mais favorável ao aprendizado. O fórum contou com a participação da professora, nove alunos e o mediador (também aluno da turma), perfazendo um total de 31 mensagens. Os resultados demonstraram algumas variações na forma de escrita dos participantes, em termos de clareza e coerência. Ademais, apresentou fragilidades no direcionamento das mensagens ao grupo, além da falta de negociação de significados durante o debate, o que pode constituir um obstáculo para o avanço dos conhecimentos dos estudantes.
The Jurisdiction of the Advertising Regulatory Board over non-members: The Supreme Court of Appeal confirms its Herbex-order in the Bliss-matter
Authors: Visagie Jeanette
Published: March 2023

This contribution seeks to answer the following question: To what extent does the Advertising Regulatory Board (ARB), as a public watchdog in the advertising industry, have the jurisdiction to consider advertising complaints filed against a person or entity which is not a member of the ARB?
In Advertising Regulatory Board NPC v Bliss Brands (Pty) Ltd 2022 JDR 0769 (SCA), the Supreme Court of Appeal confirmed its earlier order in Advertising Standards Authority v Herbex (Pty) Ltd 2017 6 SA 354 (SCA) that the ARB possesses the jurisdiction to consider an advertising complaint irrespective of whether or not the relevant advertiser is a member of the ARB. Although non-member advertisers may elect not to subject themselves to the jurisdiction of the ARB or comply with an ARB ruling, all ARB rulings are issued for the adherence by the ARB's members. In the instance of a non-member who exercises its constitutional right to dissociate from the ARB and its adjudication process, the ARB may nevertheless consider an advertising complaint if there is a potential contravention of the ARB's Code of Advertising Practice.
The SCA's ruling should be considered in the context of the important role that the ARB performs as a service to the general public. While the court a quo in the Bliss-matter attempted to derail this public function, the SCA has come to the aid of the general public in justifying the jurisdiction and public function of the ARB as a body which sets out and rules on ethically acceptable and responsible advertising for the benefit of consumers. Given the advantages of the ARB mechanism as it currently stands, it is submitted that the broader public interest may very well prevail should leave to appeal to the Constitutional Court be granted.
Telerreabilitação na fisioterapia neurofuncional pediátrica durante a pandemia de COVID-19: percepção dos pais, desafios e contribuições
Authors: Rodrigues Samara Maria Alves , Feliciano Jéssica Soares , Coutinho Paula Fernanda Ferreira , Melo Dianne Pereira Gonçalves , Gonçalves Rejane Vale
Published: March 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: A telerreabilitação é uma modalidade de atendimento realizado à distância que foi considerada um recurso fundamental durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Entretanto, era uma modalidade ainda não vivenciada por muitos profissionais e familiares.  OBJETIVO: Descrever a percepção dos pais ou responsáveis por crianças em tratamento fisioterapêutico, sobre os desafios e as contribuições da experiência com a telerreabilitação realizada em serviço ambulatorial durante a pandemia de COVID-19. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional transversal exploratório, realizado com pais ou responsáveis por crianças, com idade entre 0 a 12 anos, com qualquer condição de saúde neurológica ou musculoesquelética em acompanhamento fisioterapêutico por telerreabilitação, no período de junho a agosto de 2021. Um questionário elaborado pelas autoras com perguntas sobre a percepção dos responsáveis, desafios e contribuições da telerreabilitação foi encaminhado para os responsáveis por meio de um link do Google Forms, via e-mail ou aplicativo de mensagem no celular, e foi auto aplicado. Realizaram-se análises descritivas dos dados coletados por meio da frequência de respostas dos pais ou responsáveis nas questões específicas. As variáveis numéricas foram apresentadas como média ± desvio-padrão e as variáveis categóricas, como frequências absolutas e relativas. RESULTADOS: Dezoito responsáveis receberam e responderam o questionário completamente. A mãe foi a responsável mais citada, a maioria das crianças receberam atendimento duas vezes na semana e o diagnóstico mais prevalente foi paralisia cerebral. Setenta e três por cento dos responsáveis avaliaram a telerreabilitação como acima do nível esperado e com contribuição além de suas expectativas. CONCLUSÃO: De acordo com a percepção dos pais, sobre os desafios e as contribuições da experiência com a telerreabilitação realizada em serviço ambulatorial, os benefícios parecem superar os desafios.
The Influence of Perceived Organizational Support on Teachers’ Job Satisfaction: The Mediating Roles of Climate for Initiative and Climate for Psychological Safety
Authors: KURT Türker , DUYAR Ibrahim
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the current study was to examine relationships between teachers' perceived organizational support (POS), climate for initiative (CS), climate for psychological safety (CPS), and job satisfaction (JS). A cross-sectional correlational design was employed. The sample consisted of a randomly selected 397 high school teachers working in the central districts of Ankara, Türkiye. A structural equation modelling technique was utilized in the analyses of direct and indirect relationships between the study variables. Findings confirmed the proposed model. More specifically, teachers’ POS influenced their JS both directly and indirectly through CS and CPS. Findings also suggest that teachers' job satisfaction is more likely to increase in schools where the organizational support is high, in turn, they feel motivated to take initiative and feel psychologically safe. The findings of the study supported the assumptions of Herzberg’s Two Factor Motivation Theory where the intrinsic and extrinsic factors collectively play important roles in teachers’ motivation and job satisfaction. Findings would guide policymakers and practicing educational leaders in formulating policies and practices in creating conducive school environments where teachers feel supported, safe, and motivated.
Conducting Social Studies Course with Distance Education: Reviewing the Literature and Experiences of Classroom Teachers
Authors: YILMAZ Eyüp , BAĞRIACIK YILMAZ Ayşe
Published: March 2023

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic affecting all over the world, the social studies course, like all other courses, has started to be given via distance education. Although there are many studies aiming to reveal classroom teachers’ distance education experiences in other disciplines (i.e., sciences mathematics, physical education), no study has been encountered on distance social studies teaching. Therefore, in the present study it was both aimed to examine the experiences of classroom teachers’ on conducting social studies courses in distance education and review the relevant studies systematically. In this way, the research findings will be interpreted in a more comprehensive way. The case study design and systematic review were utilized to conduct the present study. Data were collected through literature review and semi-structured interview form. Interviews were held with seven classroom teachers who conducted the social studies courses with distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Both criterion sampling and convenience sampling techniques were utilized to determine the participants. The data were analysed via content analysis technique. To ensure inter-rater reliability, inter-coder reliability was calculated and a detail description on the research stages was provided to increase the credibility of the study. The findings addressing the problems and the benefits classroom teachers experienced while conducting social studies courses in distance education substantially overlap with literature review findings. The challenges experienced by classroom teachers in distance education are more than the benefits. Classroom management, interaction and assessment and evaluation were the most complained issues by classroom teachers. It was also determined that advanced technology literacy skill, positive attitude towards distance education and dedication are crucial to success in distance education.
ВОПРОСЫ АВТОРСКОГО ПРАВА В ПРОЦЕССАХ ДИСТРИБУЦИИ И ПРОКАТА ДОКУМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ ФИЛЬМОВ В КАЗАХСТАНЕ
Authors: СУЛЕЙМЕНОВА Айнур Эдрисовна
Published: March 2023

В статье рассмотрены особенности документальных фильмов с точки зрения авторского права в процессах дистрибуции и проката в Казахстане. Так как наблюдаются сложности в процессах продвижения документальных фильмов в стране, необходимо обратить внимание на причины такого положения данной формы аудиовизуального медиапродукта. Телевидение не раскрывает в полной мере сути документального фильма, отрицательно влияя не только на восприятие документалистики со стороны аудитории, но и на восприятие данной формы произведения в правовом аспекте. Уверенность в том, что документальное кино только информирует и не имеет четкого авторства, обесценивает и подвергает сомнению возможность рассмотрения документального фильма как объекта авторского права. Также автор обращает внимание на трансформацию пассивного «героя» документалистики в активного «социального актера», который может потенциально претендовать на смежные права наряду со сценаристом и оператором. Цель исследования — определить проблемные вопросы и предложить пути решения в данном аспекте с учетом местного законодательства Республики Казахстан. В качестве метода исследования использован анализ законодательных актов Республики Казахстан, касающихся авторского права в документальном кино, а также анализ деятельности документалистов Казахстана, представляющих новое поколение документалистов в цифровой среде — Каната Бейсекеева и Рината Балгабаева. В заключение автор предлагает пересмотреть законодательство по вопросам авторского права с учетом специфики документальных фильмов (смежные права, музыка, защита от пиратства). Также автор отмечает необходимость учитывать изменения, которые привносит интернет-пространство и социальные медиа в вопросы охраны авторского права.
The sensitivity of food security to agricultural input subsidies in Uganda
Authors: Wakaabu Dirisa
Published: March 2023

The agricultural sector plays a crucial role in addressing food insecurity and malnutrition in developing countries, and smallholder farmers are significant contributors to food production. In Uganda, the National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS) program was initiated in 2001 to provide extension services and agricultural input subsidies to farmers. However, the program has faced criticism for its high levels of corruption, militarization, and political influence, as well as for its failure to reach its intended beneficiaries, and smallholder farmers. This paper aims to examine the contribution of smallholder farmers to food security and its sensitivity to agricultural input subsidies in Uganda, with a focus on the NAADS program. Additionally, it covers the evolution of agricultural input subsidy policy in Uganda from 1987 to the present and analyses the findings on the impact of these subsidies on smallholder farmer productivity and food security. The findings conclude that the NAADS program contributes less to the target beneficiaries, and its priorities do not align with the set goals. The study further suggests several recommendations for improving the program and addressing the issues facing smallholder farmers in Uganda.
GÖÇ EDENLERİN TANIMLANMA SORUNSALINI GÖÇ İDARESİ BAŞKANLIĞININ “MİSAFİRİMSİN” ADLI KAMU SPOTU ÜZERİNDEN OKUMAK
Authors: ÖZTÜRK TERZİ Aslı
Published: March 2023

Göç eylemine sebep olan nedenler doğrultusunda bu eylemin öznelerinin yapmış oldukları yer değişimleri, ulaştıkları yerlerdeki siyasi ve hukuksal yapı çerçevesinde farklı şekillerde tanımlanmaktadırlar. Göç eden kişilerin tanımlanmalarındaki farklılıklar hukuksal statülerini de etkilemektedir. Göçe neden olan durumlar ve olaylar, tüm dünyada eşit haklara sahip oldukları evrensel bildirilerle kabul edilmiş bireylerin yaşam hakkı ve özgürlük mücadeleleri sonucunda gerçekleştiğinde evrensel sağduyunun gözden kaçabildiğini ve bu bireylerin yabancı, diğer, öteki şeklinde bizden olmayan, bizle ortak özellikler taşımayan anlamlarına gelen kavramlarla tanımlandıkları görülmektedir. 2011 Suriye kitlesel göçü gibi, göç eden ve göç edilen toplumun ortak inanç ve ortak kültürel özellikler taşıması durumunda ise bu tanımlamalar din kardeşi, ensar ve misafir gibi duygusal tanımlamalarla yapılabilmektedir. Yasal statü çerçevesinde ise, göçmen, mülteci, şartlı mülteci ve ikincil koruma altındakiler şeklinde kavramsallaştırılmaktadırlar.
Bu farklılıkların altında yatan çeşitli sebepler bulunmaktadır. Her tanımlama, tanımlanan kişilere çeşitli haklar ve sorumluluklar yüklemektedir. Bu tanımlamaların göç edilen alandaki yönetim mekanizmalarının sorumluluk boyutunu arttırması ve uluslararası hukukta geçerlilik taşıması nedeniyle farklılaştığını söylemek mümkündür.
Suriye’den kitlesel göç dalgası ile Türkiye’ye gelenlerin geçici bir süre için Türkiye’de var olacaklarına vurgu yapılması amacıyla merkezi yönetim ve medyada, içerisinde derin belirsizlikler içeren “misafir” ifadesi kullanılmıştır. Göç ile ilgili iş ve işlemlerden sorumlu olan Göç İdaresi Başkanlığı tarafından da bu söylemin devam ettirildiği hatta bilgilendirme ve uyum faaliyetleri kapsamında hazırladıkları kamu spotlarında buna vurgu yaptıkları görülmektedir.
Çalışma kapsamında göç edenlerin muğlak olmayan bir çerçevede tanımlanmalarının hem söylemlerde farklılıklar yaşanmaması hem de belirsizliklerin azalması ve göç edenlerle göç edilen toplumun bir arada yaşayabilmesi için gerekli olan uyum çalışmaları üzerindeki önemine dikkat çekmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda Göç İdaresi Başkanlığı’nın “Misafirimsin” adlı kamu spotu göstergebilimsel analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir.
Quality control assessment for microbial genomes: GalaxyTrakr MicroRunQC workflow v2
Authors: Timme Ruth
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE: Step-by-step instructions for checking WGS sequence quality for bacterial pathogens. The MicroRunQC workflow, implemented in a custom Galaxy instance, will produce quality assessments for raw reads (Illumina paired-end fastq files) and draft de novo assemblies, along with reporting the sequence type for each isolate. This workflow will work on most microbial pathogens, so we advise laboratories to upload their entire MiSeq/NextSeq run through this workflow. SCOPE: This protocol covers the following tasks: 1. set up an account in GalaxyTrakr 2. Create a new history/workspace 3. Upload data 4. Execute the MicroRunQC workflow 5. Interpret the results Version updates: V3: updated with Cronobacter thresholds V4: MicroRunQC updated to V1.1 Includes updates to skeza and mlst methods, as well as adjusted assembly QC thresholds for E.coli. Added Enterobacter QC thresholds to threshold table.
Utilizing the Public GenomeTrakr Database for Foodborne Pathogen Traceback v2
Authors: Timme Ruth
Published: March 2023

This protocol outlines the all the steps necessary to become a GenomeTrakr data contributor. GenomeTrakr is an international genomic reference database of mostly food and environmental isolates from foodborne pathogens. The data and analyses are housed at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), which is a database freely available to anyone in the world. The Pathogen Detection browser at NCBI computes daily cluster results adding the newly submitted data to the existing phylogenetic clusters of closely related genomes. Contributors to this database can see how their new isolates are related to the real-time foodborne pathogen surveillance program established in the USA and a few other countries, and at the same time adding valuable new data to the reference database. ------ Although originally published as a Chapter in Methods and Protocols, Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens, the protocol has since been adapted and split into four separate protocols all of which are contained in this collection.
HOTS-based language assessment literacy: Challenges and prospects in English language teaching
Authors: Sumardi Sumardi , Guci Rizki Indra
Published: March 2023

The issues of inaccurate and invalid language assessment were mainly due to teachers’ lower level of assessment literacy and teachers' inadequate skills to design higher-order thinking skills (henceforth HOTS) based language assessments. Thus, this paper aims to mainly portray teachers’ HOTS-based language assessment literacy in English language teaching (ELT) classrooms after they participated in training on HOTS-based language assessment. A case study was employed, and forty-three ELT teachers from secondary schools voluntarily participated in the current study. Some of them were interviewed, and the test items they constructed were analyzed to examine if their HOTS-based language assessment literacy was reflected in the quality of the test items. The findings showed that ELT teachers who engaged in training gained the basic level of knowledge and comprehension of HOTS-based language assessment. However, their knowledge and comprehension are not parallel with their skills in constructing HOTS-based test items. The paper ends with recommendations for the stakeholders (school principals, educational authorities, and training providers) responsible for designing future training programs to enhance ELT teachers' language assessment literacy.
An academic writing model: Lessons learned from experienced writers
Authors: Fadhly Fahrus Zaman , Muziatun Muziatun , Manan Nanan Abdul , Acesta Arrofa , Solihat Dadang
Published: March 2023

Academic writing seems daunting for novice writers. Unveiling cognitive processes of experienced writers in academic writing can presumably aid novice writers, primarily writing for publication. The purpose of this research is to explore the cognitive processes of experienced writers who have published articles in reputable journals in writing scientific articles. Three experienced writers participated in the study: one from the social science and two from the STEM fields. Thematic analysis following the six phases of Braun and Clark (2006) was conducted to analyze the interview data from three experienced writers. The findings from the interview generated five themes: search, topic, research, writing, and publication. These emerging themes have similarities with the previous academic writing models but expand some actions toward the publication process. The themes reflected the steps taken by the experienced writers who participated in the study in producing their published articles. Thus, these steps can be used as one of the models to guide novice writers intending to publish their work in academic journals.Academic writing seems daunting for novice writers., and Uunveilingthe cognitive processes of experienced writers in academic writing can presumably aid novice writers, primarily writing for publication. The purpose of this research is to explore the cognitive processes of experienced writers who have published articles in reputable journals in writing scientific articles. Three experienced writers participated in the study: one from the social science and two from the STEM fields. Thematic analysis following the six phases of Braun and Clark (2006) was conducted to analyze the interview data from three experienced writers. The findings from the interview generated five themes: search, topic, research, writing, and publication. These emerging themes have similarities with the previous academic writing models but expand some actions toward the publication process. The themes reflected the steps taken by the experienced writers who participated in the study seem to employ the steps reflected in the themes in producing their published articles. Thus, these steps this model can be used as one of the models to guideguidelines for novice writers intending to publish their work in academic journals.
Engaged at the first sight! Anticipating your audience as a way to think critically in writing an argument
Authors: Hutasuhut Mahmud Layan , Chen Honglin , Matruglio Erika
Published: March 2023

Critical thinking has been subject to various theoretical interpretations. Despite the differences, it has been perceived to principally build upon argumentation skills. One of the skills involves anticipation of the putative reader. This paper establishes an insight into how this knowledge can be grounded for timely reader anticipation to evidence the skills in thinking critically when constructing a written argument. It draws on the interaction of interpersonal meaning patterns from the discourse semantic level in selected sets of low and high achieving texts, with a focus on the macroThemes. The texts were collected from three time points: pre, mid and final pedagogic intervention periods, enacting Teaching and Learning Cycle (TLC) framework, a genre-based pedagogy, in a regular academic writing course. Text analysis employed tools from the APPRAISAL systems of the Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). The analysis focused on the deployment of ENGAGEMENT resources in each text’s macroTheme. Findings from the analysis revealed a developmental pathway from a non-specific to a predictive and heteroglossic macroTheme. Appropriate ENGAGEMENT resources began to be manipulated to anticipate the argument development and the unfolding of meanings throughout the text. Their deployment became more effective to inform the reader on how the argument would be organised and negotiated. Re-thinking critical thinking through a linguistic lens elucidated exactly which language resources were implicated to indicate some of its important elements, making them visible and accessible.
Meningomyelosel ve Ensefalosel Onarımı İçin Anestezi Yönetimi: 58 Olgunun Gözden Geçirilmesi
Authors: GİŞİ Gökçe
Published: March 2023

Amaç: Meningomyelosel ve ensefaloseller acil onarım gerektiren ve çoğunlukla doğum sonrası erken dönemde alınan pediatrik nöroanestezi vakalarıdır.
Zor havayolu, eşlik eden konjenital malformasyonlar, kanama, hemodinamik bozukluklar ve pron pozisyonu sebebiyle anestezi yönetimi bilgi, dikkat ve deneyim
gerektirir. Bu çalışmanın amacı kurumumuzda alınan meningomyelosel ve ensefaloselin cerrahi onarımı için anestezi yönetimini gözden geçirmekti.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2018-Aralık 2022 tarihleri arası kurumumuzda meningosel ve ensefalosel onarımı cerrahisi geçiren 58 hasta çalışmaya alındı.
Hastaların demografik özellikleri, anestezi süresi, eşlik eden anomalileri, intraoperatif ve postoperatif komplikasyonları anestezi takip formlarından ve
elektronik ortamdaki kayıtlarından elde edilerek retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmada 45 meningomyelosel ve 13 ensefalosel onarımı için opere edilen toplam 58 yenidoğan ve infant incelendi. Hastaların 32’si (%55.2)
kız bebek, 26’sı (%44.8) erkek bebekti. Yaş ortanca değeri 3 gündü. Kardiyak, solunumsal anomaliler ve hidrosefali en sık eşlik eden sorunlardı. Beş zor
entübasyon vakası vardı. Major anestezi komplikasyonu olmadı.
Sonuç: Meningomyelosel ve ensefaloselli bebeklerin yönetimi, perioperatif yönetimde karşılaşılan olası zorluklarla ilgili güncel bilgileri gerektirir. Zor hava
yolu, konjenital anomalilerin varlığı, pron pozisyonu ve kardiyorespiratuar bozukluklarla başa çıkmak için özel anestezik bakım gerekir. Dikkatli preoperatif
hazırlık, titiz intraoperatif yönetim başarılı bir anestezi uygulaması için çok önemlidir.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE BIVARIATE STATISTICAL METHODS AND THE ANALYTICAL HIERARCHICAL PROCESS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF MASS MOVEMENT SUSCEPTIBILITY. A CASE STUDY: THE LM-116 ROAD – PERU
Authors: Vasquez Jenny , Estrada Miguel
Published: March 2023

It has been long observed that the Peruvian Central Highway (PE-22) and the LM-116 road are among the roads most affected by mass movements (MM) in Peru, frequently exposed to the occurrence of rockfalls, debris flow and landslides; both roads represent an important connection alternative between Lima with towns, cities and mining centers located in the Central Mountain Range of the Andes. In this research, firstly, a point density analysis was performed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) considering the road network of all of Peru (composed of 144,499 km) and the inventory of geological hazards (GEOCATMIN) prepared by the Geological, Mining and Metallurgical Institute of Peru INGEMMET (2000-2018). Subsequently, the evaluation of the mass movement susceptibility on the LM-116 road has been carried out using free access data reported by Peruvian institutions (INGEMMET, MTC, MINAM) from which it was possible to elaborate thematic maps, including the most relevant factors in the occurrence of mass movements, like a slope, lithology, geomorphology, land use, drainage density, and the distance from tectonic structures. Finally, for the mass movement susceptibility analysis, three methods have been considered: the Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP), the Statistical Index (Wi) and the Weights of Evidence (WoE). The results were validated using the area under the curve criteria (AUC). Both bivariate statistical methods (Wi and WoE) presented a prediction rate above 78%, with a higher rate for the WoE method. On the other hand, the semi-quantitative method (AHP) obtained values in the order of 69%. Therefore, it is concluded that the maps elaborated with the statistical methods presented a better approximation concerning the database of geological hazards reported by GEOCATMIN.
MULTISPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING TO DELINEATE THE DISTRIBUTION AREA OF SCANDIUM-BEARING MINERALS IN BAUXITE MINING SITES, WEST KALIMANTAN PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Authors: Nugraheni Rosmalia Dita , Anggraini Widya , Setiawan Naily S. , Riyandhani Cahyaningratri P. , Syavitri Dewi , Sunjaya Dedi , Nopi Agustinus , Sukadana I Gde
Published: March 2023

The rising demand for scandium led to massive exploration activities for its discovery from mining by-products. Therefore, this study attempts to delineate the distribution of scandium-bearing minerals in the surrounding bauxite mining area, Tayan District, West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Preliminary studies were conducted by applying optical sensors to discriminate the types of minerals, such as kaolinite, gibbsite, goethite, and quartz. The spectral information aids the reconnaissance study by providing data on specific rocks and minerals using the short-wave infrared (SWIR), processed into a series of bands with spectral ranges from 0.35 to 2.5 μm. The data was then compared with the structural lineament from the ALOS PALSAR imagery to infer the prospective area with the structural pattern. The integrated band math minerals and geochemical data taken from X-ray fluorescence and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry suggest that the Sc-bearing minerals were disseminated predominantly on the bauxite laterite profile from pyroxene diorite and diorite parent rock weathering. The spectral range for goethite as the Sc-bearing minerals is from 0.43 to 1.03, with the main absorption features from 2.0 to. 2.4. Furthermore, goethite is mainly concentrated at the top bauxite horizon associated with the structurally related hill. The ore-bearing minerals also occupied the tailing pond and some beneficiation areas in relatively minor proportion. This study is undoubtedly valuable for the practical need to support mineral exploration through remote predictive mapping.
OPTIMIZATION OF FLOTATION OF THE QALEH ZARI MINE OXIDIZED COPPER ORE SAMPLE BY THE SEQUENTIAL SULFIDATION APPROACH USING THE RESPONSE SURFACE METHOD TECHNIQUE
Authors: Maleki Hassan , Noparast Mohammad , Chehreghani Sajjad , Mirmohammadi Mir Saleh , Rezaei Ali
Published: March 2023

One of the main challenges in the copper oxide processing industry is the application of flotation to reduce operating costs. Sulfidation-flotation is a commonly employed approach for floating oxide minerals using sulfidizers in order to sulfide the mineral’s surface. In this research work, an oxidized sample from the Qaleh Zari copper mine was used which was a high grade with 5.4% of copper (malachite and azurite). The prepared sample was subjected to mineralogical studies, and the obtained results indicated that the sample was oxidized. Malachite and azurite were the predominant minerals of copper oxide, and the predominant waste minerals were quartz and iron oxides (hematite and magnetite). The addition of sodium sulfide and flotation in four consecutive steps was a successful approach to meet the proper recovery and grade. Sodium sulfide, amyl potassium xanthate, sodium sulfide preparation time, and pH were selected as operating parameters using a central composite design (CCD). Also, by measuring the zeta potential, the electric charge of malachite was determined in different conditions after adding chemicals. Finally, under optimal conditions, the consumptions of sodium sulfide and amyl potassium xanthate, sodium sulfide preparation time, and pH value were 6790 g/t, 736 g/t, 10 minutes, and 9, respectively. By applying the mentioned conditions, a concentrate with a grade of 22.13%Cu and 90.51% recovery was achieved.
EFFECTS OF VARIOUS GRINDING AIDS DOSAGE ON COMMINUTION EFFICIENCY AND CEMENT CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Gharehgheshlagh Hojjat Hosseinzadeh , Chehreghani Sajjad , Seyyedi Behnam
Published: March 2023

Grinding aids are materials that are added to cement mixtures to improve the characteristics of the cement or increase the efficiency of the milling systems or both in the clinker grinding (finish grinding) stage. In this study, the effects of four grinding aids (Triisopropanolamine based (TIPA), Triethanolamine based (TEA), Hydroxylamine based (HA), and Calcium nitrate based (CN) grinding aids) in the clinker grinding process were evaluated on the essential characteristics of the produced cement: namely specific surface area (Blaine number), compressive strength of concrete, and the comminution efficiency-retention time (energy saving) at four different dosage levels. In the first step, the grinding time required to reach the Blaine number of the investigated Cement type (S-OPC: Studied Ordinary Portland Cement) was obtained as 69.75 minutes by kinetic grinding tests. Afterward, 17 laboratory-scale grinding tests were performed utilizing S-OPC cement and four grinding aids at four different doses of 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.08% and 0.11 %. The results indicated that the TIPA-0.11 (Triisopropylamine compound at a dosage level of 0.11%), with a Blaine value of 4069 cm2/g, and grinding efficiency of 19%, had the most significant effect on the fineness and comminution efficiency. Furthermore, the concrete samples produced from all the grinding aids were tested for their compressive strength at 2, 7, and 28 days. The results showed that compared to control samples, the highest growth of compressive strength were on day 2 and 7 for TIPA-0.11 samples with values of 37.08% and 32.44%, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest increase of compressive strength was after 28 days for TIPA-0.11 samples with a 22.14% increase.
SPECIFIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF MATERIAL HANDLING BY EXCAVATOR IN THE QUARRYING OF CRUSHED STONE
Authors: Herceg Vjekoslav , Klanfar Mario , Herceg Karolina , Domitrović Dubravko
Published: March 2023

A hydraulic excavator is widely used in crushed stone quarries to perform many different operations. Previous research on material handling by excavators is most often based on laboratory testing and observation of soil materials and the digging forces in them. These results are very difficult to transfer to fieldwork during the quarrying process. Therefore, in this work, the energy consumption of an excavator while working in typical materials for a crushed stone quarry was investigated. The field measurements were performed on overburden, blasted rock material, boulders, and two different crushed materials. Energy consumption was observed only during the portion of the cycle in which the bucket digs the material. In this way, the energy consumption was mainly related to the properties of the material. The highest energy consumption was found for blasted rock material, lower in overburden, and the lowest for boulders and crushed materials. These results are important for organizing an optimal distribution of machines according to the work tasks in the quarry and ultimately for energy savings.