bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hematology profile of under five years old children suffered from acute diarrhea at Idaman Banjarbaru Hospital, Indonesia
Authors: Harapan Parlindungan Ringoringo  , Jun Rahmawati Surya Mentari  , Panghiyangani Roselina , Edi Hartoyo  , Rahmiati Lao
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Acute diarrhea is fecal discharge >3 times in 24 hours occurring <14 days. Diarrhea is still a health problem in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the hematological profile in cases of acute diarrhea in children under five. The hematological profile can help diagnose acute diarrhea.
Methods: This research method is a descriptive retrospective with data from the medical records of patients with acute diarrhea in children under five at Idaman Banjarbaru Hospital in July - October 2018. The sampling technique was carried out using consecutive sampling.
Results: In this study, a sample of 109 children, 65 boys and 44 girls, were obtained. The results showed that 69.72% of the patients had anemia, and 62.39% had iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Leukocytosis and thrombocytosis were found in 16.51%, 23.85% of patients. Basophilia, eosinopenia, band neutropenia, segmented neutropenia, normal, lymphocytosis, monocytosis were found in 100%, 67%, 99%, 67%, 66%, 60%, respectively. IDA is found in 62.39% of children under five who suffer from acute diarrhea.
Conclusion: Typical lab results are the presence of basophilia, eosinophenia, band neutropenia, lymphocytosis, and monocytosis.

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The variability of temperature, rainfall, humidity and prevalance of dengue fever in Manado City
Authors: Pinontoan Odi Roni , Sumampouw Oksfriani Jufri , Ticoalu Jansje , Nelwan Jeini Ester , Musa Ester Cendrawati , Sekeeon Joy
Published: December 2022

Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) was one of infectious diseases that is still a concern in Indonesia, especially the Manado city. This study aimed to analyze the variability of temperature, rainfall, humidity, and the incidence of DHF in Manado city 2011-2020.Method: This ecological research used secondary data obtained from the Health Office and the Central Bureau of Statistics of the Manado City. The variables studied were air temperature, humidity, rainfall and the incidence of DHF in Manado city 2011-2020.Result: in 2016 there were 567 cases of dengue fever and the highest was in the Malalayang sub-district and the lowest was in the Ranomut sub-district. In 2017 there was a significant decrease to 139 cases, the highest in Malalayang sub-district with 32 cases, and the lowest in Bunaken sub-district with 1 case. In 2018, there was an increase in cases by 294 cases, the highest was in the Malalayang sub-district. The air temperature continues to fluctuate where based on the trendline it is found that the air temperature tends to increase. Whereas, the humidity tends to decrease. The rainfall in the city of Manado continues to fluctuate, where based on the trendline it is found that rainfall tends to decrease. Mosquitoes are cold-blooded animals and their metabolic processes or life cycles depend on the environment's temperature. The DHF cases continue to fluctuate (up and down) where based on the trendline it is found that DHF cases tend to decreaseConclusion: In the period 2011-2020 in Manado City, air temperature tends to increase but rainfall, humidity, and cases of DHF tend to decrease.
CD44 expression as a potential favorable marker for prognosis in mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary gland
Authors: Marleen Stella , Rachmadi Lisnawati , Handjari Diah Rini , Kusmardi Kusmardi
Published: December 2022

Background: Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) is one of the markers of cancer stem cells belonging to the cell adhesion molecule family, which may play a role in tumorigenesis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the salivary gland. The histological grade is one of the most important factors for prognosis. This study was aimed to investigate the association between CD44 expressions with histological grade in MEC of the salivary gland.Methods: In A cross-sectional study, 34 cases diagnosed with MEC in the Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia from 2012 to 2017 were included. Histological grade was classified into low-, moderate-, and high-grade. CD44 expression was done by immunohistochemistry staining and classified into weak and strong expressions.Results: Eighteen cases (52.9%) were high-grade, 3 cases (8.8%) were moderate, and 13 cases (38.2%) were low-grade. Perineural invasion was found in 7 cases (20.6%) and mostly in high-grade tumors. CD44 expression was significantly associated with histological grade (p = 0.002, OR=0.09, 95%CI=0.02–0.48). Strong CD44 expression was found more in low-grade MEC.Conclusions: This study suggests that strong CD44 expression may act as a potential favorable predictive factor for prognosis in the MEC of the salivary gland.
Characteristics of COVID-19 patients with malignancies comorbidity in Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Kusumawardani Ida Ayu Jasminarti Dwi , Putra I Wayan Angga Suamerta , Candrawati Ni Wayan
Published: December 2022

Background: Cancer patients are at risk of exposing COVID-19 because of their weakened immune system, caused by tumor growth and anti-cancer therapy. Cancer patients can also increase the risk of severe infection. This study aims to determine the characteristic of COVID-19 patients with malignancies in our institution
Methods: We analyze the data of 68 COVID-19 patients with malignancies as comorbidities who were hospitalized or treated in our institution using cohort retrospective design. Variables assessed in this study include gender, age, type of malignancy, organ involved, cancer treatment, the severity of COVID-19, and outcome. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 for Windows and interpreted as number and percentage.
Results: Solid malignancy was the most common type (82,4%). The lung and thorax were the most common organ involved, followed by the cervix, abdomen, breast, and nasopharynx. Most patients (66.2%) with malignancy suffered from COVID-19 with mild-moderate (non-severe) symptoms and 33,8% severe symptoms. Sixteen (23.5%) patients have died. Laboratory findings showed elevated NLR and D-dimer in both severe and non-severe cases. The median NLR of all cases was 5.97. The median D-dimer was 1.61 ìg/ml. Patients with solid malignancy (35.7%) are more exposed to severe COVID-19 than the hematological type (p=0.477). Patients with malignancy who had received therapy for their cancer had more severe symptoms than those who had not received cancer therapy (41.7% vs. 25%) (p=0.147), although not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Solid malignancy was the most common type diagnosed with COVID-19. More malignancy patients experienced mild to moderate COVID-19 symptoms, and one-third of them experienced severe symptoms.
A novel scoring system to predict postoperative mortality after colorectal cancer surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hartono Anita , Lesmana Tomy
Published: December 2022

Background: Many scoring systems have been developed to predict outcomes after surgery, but it has limitations due to differences in population, comorbidity, type of surgery, or hospital effects. External validation from these scoring systems sometimes failed to achieve good discriminatory power consistently. This study aims to develop a novel scoring system for predicting postoperative mortality and comparing its performance with the AFC, CR-POSSUM, IRCS, and ACS-NSQIP SRC model.Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from all consecutive patients (n=1,294) undergoing colorectal cancer surgery in Dr. Soetomo Hospital between 2011 and 2020. After excluding missing data and 215 patients who did not satisfy the inclusion criteria, multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed in 1,079 patients to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) linking the explanatory variable postoperative mortality, and a Surabaya scoring system was constructed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 for Windows.Results: Variables identified as the strongest predictors based on Odds Ratio (OR) postoperative mortaliy were albumin < 3.4 g/dL (6.93; 95%CI: 4.37-10.99; p< 0.001), pulse > 120 times per-minute (5.49; 95%CI: 2.11-14.29; p< 0.001), totally dependent functional status (4.43; 95%CI 2.06-9.49; p<0.001) or partially dependent (2.34: 95%CI: 1.28-4.28; p< 0.001), ascites (3.58; 95%CI: 1.84-6.94; p=0.001), major procedure (2.48; 95%CI: 1.38-4.33; p=0.009), dyspnea (2.40; 95%CI: 1.19-4.84; p=0.014), and haemoglobin < 10 g/dL (1.85; 95%CI: 1.12-3.04; p=0.016). The Surabaya model predicted postoperative mortality with a predictive performance (0.831; 95%CI: 0.790-0.871) in the validation population. In this population the predictive performance of the AFC score was 0.630 (95%CI: 0.498-0.762), CR-POSSUM 0.698 (95%CI: 0.563-0.833), IRCS 0.564 (95%CI: 0.426-0.702), and ACS-NSQIP SRC 0.674 (95%CI: 0.541-0.806).Conclusion: The Surabaya score has been shown as a good predictor of postoperative mortality after colorectal cancer surgery despite the relatively low number of risk factors.
Factors predicting clinical outcome during hospitalization after pericardiocentesis in Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Maliawan Rani Paramitha Iswari , Wijaksana I Gede Bagus Bhaskara , Permatasari I Gusti Ayu Wijayanty , Wardhana Dewa Putu Wisnu , Wirawan Hendy , Gunadhi I Gusti Ngurah Putra
Published: December 2022

Background: Even though pericardiocentesis is a routine life-saving procedure for massive pericardial effusion, there is scarce data regarding risk factors predicting the outcome in patients undergoing pericardiocentesis. This study aimed to investigate the role of various clinical, demographic, and laboratory risk factors as a predictor of in-hospital mortality and Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE) in patients undergoing pericardiocentesis at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.
Methods: Prospective cohort study with consecutive sampling was conducted in patients undergoing pericardiocentesis in Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia, from May 2017 until September 2021. Risk factors and blood samples were observed and measured at the first admission. MACE and in-hospital mortality were observed during hospitalization. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 for Windows.
Results: Twenty-seven patients were involved in this study. Malignant etiology was associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality with HR 13.459 (95%CI: 1.378-131.49). Respiratory Failure during admission was associated with increased risk of mortality with HR 5.99 (95% CI: 1.355-26.55) and increased risk of persistent pericardial effusion HR 5.72 (95% CI: 1.570-20.800).
Conclusion: Malignant etiology and respiratory Failure are independent predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing pericardiocentesis in Sanglah General Hospital. Respiratory Failure was associated with an increased risk of persistent pericardial effusion.
Neonatal varicella: a rare case
Authors: Earlia Nanda , Lestari Wahyu , Ismida Fitri Dewi , Amalia Annisa , Tasrif Aqil Yuliawan , Bulqiah Mikyal , Ramadana Dea Silvia
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection in pregnant women in the last three weeks of pregnancy or the days before delivery causes neonatal varicella. It is rare in newborns and infants due to passive immunity received from the mother. Thus we report a rare case of neonatal varicella for an educational purpose.
Case report: A 14-day-old girl was referred to the Department of Pediatrics with a red rash all over her body. The red rash begins on the face and subsequently spreads across the body fever for four days before the appearance of the rash. During the third trimester of pregnancy, the patient's mother had varicella. The patient was delivered vaginally by the midwife at full term, weighing 3,400 g. Macules, papules, pustules, and vesicles, multiple in number, distinct, miliary to guttate in size, and universal distribution, were identified on physical examination in the facial, thoracic, and upper extremities region et inferior bilaterally. The Tzank test found multinucleated giant cells. Skin biopsy found stratum spinosum edema with powdered lymphocyte inflammatory cells (typical for varicella). Treatment with intravenous acyclovir showed improvement after 5 days.
Conclusion: VZV generates a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms in the fetus and newborn and can be a life-threatening condition. Early recognition of pregnant women and newborns who are at risk for VZV infection is very necessary so that prophylaxis and treatment can be started immediately
Combination effect of methotrexate with Narrowband Ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy in psoriasis vulgaris patients in dermatology and venereology outpatient clinic Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Sasmito Emma Hidayati , Zulkarnain Iskandar , Listiawan Muhammad Yulianto , Indramaya Diah Mira , Astari Linda , Utomo Budi , Hidayati Afif Nurul
Published: December 2022

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic, recurrent, inflammatory skin disease that alters the quality of life. Systemic therapy and biologic agents are prescribed for severe and widespread psoriasis, but these drugs may have systemic side effects and immune suppression. Narrowband Ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy remains one of the most effective and safe treatments for psoriasis.Methods: This study was an observational retrospective cohort with one group pretest and post-test design. A retrospective analysis was done on 16 medical records of patients who met the inclusion criteria. The efficacy of the therapy was identified and analyzed using the SPSS version 17 for Windows.Results: This study found that 16 psoriasis patients received NB-UVB phototherapy, 11 (68.75%) in men and 5 (31.25%) in women. The mean age was 47.31 years. There was a statistically significant difference in the reduction in PASI score before and after receiving combination methotrexate with 24 sessions of NB-UVB phototherapy (p=0.000); the delta PASI score was 45,02%. A statistical analysis based on the number of phototherapy sessions per week showed enhanced results when patients attended 3 phototherapy sessions per week (p = 0.001).Conclusion: There was a statistically significant reduction in PASI score in psoriasis vulgaris patients before and after receiving combination methotrexate with 24 sessions of NB-UVB phototherapy.
Analysis of RGB range value on fingernail image for detecting diabetes mellitus risk
Authors: Kurniastuti Ima , Andini Ary , Soraya Sabrina Ifahdini
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Fingernail has various colors related to the organ’s body condition, such as the pancreas, indicated by diabetes mellitus. The study aims to determine and compare the RGB range value on the fingernail image to detect diabetes mellitus risk in fasting and non-fasting conditions.
Methods: The study was a true experimental study using fasting and non-fasting respondents. Data were obtained by blood glucose level testing and fingernail image capturing. The result of blood glucose levels was classified into normal, prediabetes, or diabetes, and fingernail images were followed according to their categories. The histogram determined the RGB values of fingernail images, and calculated the maximum value of color intensity based on the height peak appeared. The distribution frequency of each group was used to get a range of RGB fingernail images in each category.
Results: Based on the results, it showed a comparison of RGB range value between fasting and non-fasting condition, including range value differences in red and blue, but any slightly overlapped in green range value. In a future study, we will use ordinal logistic regression to determine the prediction program of diabetes mellitus risk. Furthermore, we will develop a program by adding some features to improve the analysis system of the fingernail image for diabetes mellitus risk detection.
Conclusion: There was a comparison of RGB range value on fingernail image between fasting and non-fasting condition.
Relationship of age, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, salt intake, and stress with high blood pressure among rural dwellers in Kudat, Sabah
Authors: Mokti Khalid , Rahime Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul
Published: December 2022

Background: Hypertension is one of the leading health concerns that can be intervened, especially in rural areas. Thus, this study determined the prevalence and risk factors associated with hypertension among rural dwellers in Kudat's village, Malaysia.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design carried out from 5th October 2019 until 17th October 2019. Universal sampling was used for sample size calculation. There are 111 respondents who are above 18 years old involved in this research. Association between hypertension and risk factors outcomes were analyzed by using logistic regression. The relationship between continuous variables was analyzed using correlation analysis.
Results: The prevalence of hypertension among Kudat's villagers was 30% (n=33). There is a significant association between age and BMI with Hypertension. Also, there is a significant correlation between age, BMI, physical activity, with blood pressure. While other risk factors, including sociodemographic and lifestyles, do not significantly correlate with hypertension.
Conclusion: Hypertension is highly prevalent in the village and is significantly associated with BMI and age group. Physical activity also correlates with blood pressure. Hence, an effective intervention that includes lifestyle and dietary behavior changes, health promotion, and health screening should be implemented to tackle this problem.
The efficacy of probiotics supplementation on the lipid profiles of obese adolescents : a randomized trial
Authors: I Putu Gede Karyana  , Ni Luh Sri Apsari  , I Wayan Dharma Artana  , I Ketut Suarta  , Putu Veny Kartika Yantie  , Ni Nyoman Metriani Nesa  , I Gusti Ngurah Sanjaya Putra  , Soetjiningsih
Published: December 2022

Background: Obesity is defined as a medical condition characterized by excessive accumulation of body fat and is associated with an increased prevalence of dyslipidemia. Probiotics are living microorganisms, which upon consumption in sufficient numbers, exert health benefits. One of the benefits that has been studied is improving blood lipid profile. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of probiotics supplementation on obese adolescents’ lipid profiles.
Methods: A randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial involving 58 obese adolescents aged 12-15 years in Denpasar City was performed. After the physical activity, nutritional intake, and lipid profile were assessed, subjects were randomized with random block into two groups: the treatment group who received sachet containing probiotics with five strains bacteria (Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium bifidum) and the control group who received placebo for eight weeks. During the study, there were six drop out subjects, and the final analysis was performed on 52 subjects. The data was analyzed using MANCOVA test, with p value of <0,05 considered significant.
Results: In the supplementation group, total cholesterol was decreased by 22,6 mg/dL (95% CI: -33.3 to -12.1, p = 0.0001), LDL was decreased by 16.9 mg/dL (95%CI: - 26.7 to -7.1, p = 0.001), and TG was decreased by 30.8 mg/dL (95%CI: -55.3 to -6.4, p = 0.014). Probiotic supplementation was not proven to increase HDL levels and HDL: LDL ratio with p values of 0.370 and 0.374, respectively.
Conclusion: Probiotics supplementation in obese adolescent could reduce total cholesterol, LDL, TG, but had no effect on improving HDL levels and HDL: LDL ratio.
Neurotic excoriation: A case report and literature review
Authors: Gunardi Keiko Yolanda , Yusharyahya Shannaz Nadia , Sitohang Irma Bernadette
Published: December 2022

Background: On average, one-third of patients seeking treatment for skin problems have associated psychological stress or psychiatric disease. Most psychodermatologic patients visit a dermatologist instead of a psychiatrist. It is important to recognize the signs and symptoms immediately, make a prompt diagnosis and do a comprehensive treatment that involves multi-disciplinary approach, including dermatology, psychiatry and other discipline if necessary.
Case Presentation: A 40-year-old female, visited the Dermatology and Venereology (DV) outpatient clinic of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital with a chief complaints of wound on her right ear since 2 weeks ago. The patient was also diagnosed with Chiari malformation type 1 and had undergone surgery twice. The patient confessed of having a habit of intentionally skin picking until they were chafed and bled when she was stressed. The patient was diagnosed as neurotic excoriations, treated with potent topical corticostreroid and consulted to the psychiatric department.
Discussion: Neurotic excoriations is classified as primary psychiatric skin disorders. Symptoms usually occurred when the patient was in the depression state. At first the patient only followed the dermatologist treatment and had a poor compliance with psychiatric management. Therefore the patients keep manipulating the lesions and the outcome was not satisfactory because the underlying disease has not been well treated. After the dermatologist convinced her to see the psychiatrist regularly, accompanied by a good compliance in applying the corticosteroid cream, the result was satisfactory.
Conclusion: The psychocutaneous disease need a comprehensive and multi-disciplinary approach. Dermato-venereologists should work together with the psychiatrist.
The role of apparent diffusion coefficient in differentiating typical from atypical meningioma
Authors: Utomo Sri Andreani , Bajamal Abdul Hafid , Yuyun Yueniwati Prabowowati Wadjib  , Haq Irwan Barlian Immadoel , Varidha Vivid Umu , Fauziah Dyah
Published: December 2022

Background: Differentiation of typical from atypical meningiomas would greatly improve surgical planning and further treatment options. Appparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) has the potential to characterize meningioma subtypes. This study aimed to assess the value of ADC in differentiating typical and atypical meningiomas.
Method: A retrospective study was conducted using medical records at RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya in January 2019 – September 2021. ADC values were obtained by placing three ROIs on tumors. We used receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis to determine the optimal cut-off ADC value to differentiate meningioma grading and Mann-Whitney U test to evaluate the difference in ADC values between the two groups. In addition, Chi-square was used to assess the correlation between ADC values and the type of meningioma.
Results: The ADC values in typical meningiomas ranged from 1.12 - 2.47 × 10-3 mm2/s with an average of 1.45 ± 0.38 × 10-3 mm2/s, while in atypical meningiomas ranged from 0.64 – 1.12 × 10-3 mm2/s with an average of 0.81 ± 0.20 × 10-3 mm2/s. Based on ROC analysis to distinguish typical and atypical meningiomas, the cut-off mean ADC value is 1.12 × 10-3 mm2/s with a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 96.87%, and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.996. The cut-off difference in the ADC value and the relationship between the ADC value and meningioma type based on histopathology were significant.
Conclusion: Typical meningiomas have higher ADC values than atypical cases. ADC value can help differentiate typical from atypical meningiomas.
The difference of platelet-white blood cell ratio in severe preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancy
Authors: Nur Safirani Nisrina Aisyah , Fulyani Faizah , Wiyati Putri Sekar , Pramono Besari Adi
Published: December 2022

Background: Inflammation is believed to play a role in preeclampsia. Leukocytes increase due to inflammatory response. Endothelial damage in preeclampsia induces platelet aggregation, triggers platelet consumption, and decreases platelet. Therefore, preeclampsia could alter the platelet-white blood cell ratio, which can be used as a marker for preeclampsia. This study examines the difference of platelet-white blood cell ratio in severe preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancy.
Methods: This study used the medical records of pregnant women in Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Semarang from 2019 to 2020. Samples were collected using a consecutive sampling method. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test and Mann-Whitney.
Results: There was a significant difference in platelet count (p=0.011) and leukocyte count (p=0.018) between severe preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancy. Therefore, a difference (p<0.01) in platelet-white blood cell ratio between severe preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancy was observed.
Conclusion: Platelet-white blood cell ratio in severe preeclampsia is 0.7 times lower than in normotensive pregnancy.
Diagnostic problem on patient with tuberculous colitis mimicking Crohn’s disease
Authors: Harirohman Asep , Purbayu Herry
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Tuberculous colitis and Crohn’s disease (CD) are two disorders that possess similarities in clinical features and colonoscopy findings.
Case presentation: The patient had previously undergone colonoscopy and mucosal biopsy in this case report, indicating chronic diarrhea and hematochezia. Based on the results from the colonoscopy, the patient was suspected for Crohn's disease. Meanwhile, the collected mucosal biopsy stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin suggested the early diagnosis of CD. Hence, patient was prescribed with sulfasalazine 2x500 mg for 6 weeks, where no clinical improvement was found afterward. Patients still complained nausea, vomiting, frequent diarrhea and bloody stools. The patient was later suspected of intestinal tuberculous and prepped for interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) and stool Xpert MTB/RIF test. Both of the additional tests suggested that the patient was positive tuberculous. According to the collective facts and findings, the patient was diagnosed with intestinal tuberculous and prescribed with category 1 anti-tuberculosis.
Conclusion: The patient was followed-up after nine months treated with anti-tuberculosis, where the negative result was obtained from the stool Xpert MTB/RIF test. In the following year after the therapy, the patient felt no complaints.
Comparison of prognostic models for severe burn patients in an Indonesian tertiary hospital: retrospective study
Authors: Oenarta Eunice Geraldine , Hamid Agus Roy Rusly Hariantana , Sanjaya I Gusti Putu Hendra , Adnyana I Made Suka , Mahadewa Tjokorda Gede Bagus , Agustinus I Wayan Harimawan
Published: December 2022

Background: Despite the high burn-related mortality rate, few studies investigate the discriminating power of various mortality prognostic models for burn patients in the Indonesian setting. Thus, the objective of our study is to describe and compare the discriminating power of several prognostic models for burn patients, including the Prognostic Burn Index (PBI), Belgian Outcome of Burn In-jury (BOBI), Revised Baux Score (rBaux), and Abbreviated Burn Severity Index (ABSI).
Patients and methods: We conducted a retrospective study using medical records data with analysis including patients with severe burn (>20% Total Body Surface Area (TBSA), >10% for children and elderly), excluding those with known chronic conditions. Statistical analyses were performed on IBM SPSS 23.0 and included ROC curve and diagnostic values calculation, including sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values with 95%CI.
Results: Final analysis included 117 subjects with a 38.9% mortality rate. All prognostic models were statistically significant discriminating power with Area Under the Curve (AUC) values of 0.817, 0.849, 0.929, and 0.859, respectively. Comparing diagnostic values identified rBaux to have the strongest discriminating power with the highest specificity, PPV, and NPV. PBI score was identified with the highest sensitivity score.
Conclusion: Discrepancy of results between our study and another Indonesian study with a similar design pointed to the need for a multi-centered study with a larger sample size to improve generalizability and statistical power of analysis.
Relationship between plasma adiponectin levels and cellulite
Authors: Sari Indriayani  , Imam Budi Putra  , Nelva Karmila Jusuf
Published: December 2022

Background: Decreased adiponectin levels as a humoral vasodilator in subcutaneous adipose tissue in the cellulite area are thought to cause microcirculation disorders and tissue hypoxia, ultimately a local fibrotic response and collagen strands (septa) resulting in the appearance of cellulite. Adiponectin accumulates in the extracellular matrix. It is suspected that an increase in adiponectin levels can suppress the process of sclerotic fibrosis, thereby inhibiting the formation of cellulite. This study aimed to determine the relationship between plasma adiponectin levels and cellulite.

Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design involving 40 cellulite patients and 40 controls. Each patient underwent a history and dermatological examination. Then proceeded to assess plasma adiponectin levels from blood samples by ELISA test. These data were analyzed statistically using the Chi-square test.

Results: In this study, both cellulite and control patients were 20-30 years with the average plasma adiponectin level in cellulite was 8.07±3.94 µg/ml. The highest cellulite location in the femoral and gluteus areas was 62.5%. The results of this study showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between plasma adiponectin levels and cellulite (p = 0.025 < 0,05).

Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between low plasma adiponectin levels and the risk of cellulite.
Hematological profile of children under five years with typhoid fever at Idaman Banjarbaru Hospital, Indonesia
Authors: Harapan Parlindungan Ringoringo  , Jun Rahmawati Surya Mentari  , Panghiyangani Roselina , Edi Hartoyo  , Rahmiati Lao
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Typhoid fever is a disease caused by Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A, B, C. An estimated 200,000 people die each year from about 21.6 million people infected with typhoid fever. This study aims to determine the hematological profile in typhoid fever cases in children under five at Idaman Banjarbaru Hospital.
Methods: The research was carried out with a retrospective descriptive approach with a consecutive sampling technique. The research subjects were children under five diagnosed with typhoid fever recorded in the Idaman Banjarbaru Hospital's medical records for July 2018 to January 2019.
Results: The sample consisted of 58 patients, 32 boys, and 26 girls. Most patients were found in 12 - <36 months, namely 28 (48.28%) children. Thirty-eight (65.52%) children have a normal weight. The hematological profile showed that 46.55% of the patients had iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Hematocrit levels decreased in 51.72% of patients. Erythrocyte levels in 86.21% of patients were normal. Low MCV, low MCH, IDA were found in 46.55%, 36.21%, 46.55% of patients. Leukopenia was present in 17.24% of children. All patients had normal basophil values. Eosinopenia, band neutropenia, segmented neutropenia,  lymphocytosis, monocytosis  were found in 69.09%, 90.90%, 56.37%, 58.18%, 58.18% of children, respectively. Thrombocytopenia and thrombocytosis were found in the same percentage, 13.80%.
Conclusion: The haematological profile of typhoid fever patients in children under five can have different results depending on each child's body's response to S. typhi and S. paratyphi that enter the body.
Design electronic medical records with clinical decision support system (CDSS) to prevent interaction of drug content in outpatient department
Authors: Erawantini Feby , Farlinda Sustin , Suryana Arinda Lironika
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Hospitals must provide the best service to patients. The best services include speed in service, being on time, and being safe from medical errors. The best service to patients is to provide electronic medical records. Electronic medical records contain social data and patient medical data. The advantages of medical records are data stored in structured files, timely filling, data can be recalled at any time, patient confidentiality, and patient safety. This study aims to design electronic medical records with Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) to prevent the interaction of drug content in the outpatient department.
Methods: General background of the research is the design of electronic medical records with a clinical decision support system to prevent interaction of drug content for outpatient Departement. The design included: Business Process, Data Flow Diagram (DFD), and Entity Relationship Diagram. Five doctors, two nurses, and a pharmacist assistant were respondents. Qualitative data from FGD were analyzed by transcripts looking for similarities or differences, finding themes, and developing categories. The Design of Electronic Medical Record with Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) was designed based on paper forms and the Result of FGD.
Results: Electronic medical records were designed according to the users' needs in the outpatient department. User requirements had been taken by Focus Group Discussion (FGD). User requirements about Electronic Medical records included: Infrastructure Availability, Software (open source and web application because it was easy to develop according to users' needs, and training on electronic medical records. There are steps to designing electronic medical records: Business Process, DFD, ERD, and Data Dictionary.
Conclusion: The design of electronic medical records with CDSS in the form of drug content interactions is a novelty that has the potential to be applied. Implementation of electronic medical records can prevent medical errors and support patient safety.
The Immediate Effects of Porang-Processed Rice (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) on Blood Glucose Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Liawidjaya Gabriella Olivia , Nugroho Taufik Eko , Utami Sulistiyati Bayu , Pramudo Setyo Gundi , Wicaksono Satrio Adi
Published: December 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and associated with several risk factors, such as an unhealthy and unbalanced diet. Porang tubers, known as healthy diet resources, contain glucomannan, a substance that has many positive effects, such as ameliorating blood glucose. Porang tubers are processed as many food products, one of which is porang-processed rice (PR). This study investigated the immediate effects of PR on the blood glucose levels compared to white rice (WR) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).
Methods: This was a pilot study of a non-randomized clinical study with a pre-and post-test design held from July to August 2021 in Diponegoro National Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia, among 40 DM patients. Subjects who met the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups: subjects that consumed Porang-processed rice (PR group, n=20) for two days and those that consumed white rice (WR group, n=20). They were measured for fasting blood glucose (FBG) and 2 hours post-prandial glucose (2hPPG) at baseline (T0) and at day-3 after observation (T1). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows.
Results: There were no significant differences in FBG and 2hPPG between the PR group and WR group at T0 and T1 (p>0.05). However, there were slightly larger decreases in FBG and 2hPPG in the PR group compared to the WR group, although they were insignificant (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The immediate consumption of PR for only two days in patients with DM could not reduce FPG and 2hPPG. It is needed to be confirmed by further studies whether PR may have the role as adjunctive in inhibiting the dramatic rise of FBG or 2hPPG or stabilizing blood glucose in patients with DM in a more extended time of consumption.
Efforts to increase interest in using company guaranteed patients by approaching customer relations management
Authors: Pulih Asih Akas Yekti , Setianto Budhi , Adriansyah Agus Aan , Bistara Difran Nobel , Sa'adah Nikmatus
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Customer relationship management (CRM) is a strategy hospitals can use to realize patient-centered care. The study was based on the low interest in inpatient visits by company guarantees, where only 11.4% of employees used inpatient facilities at Ciputra Mitra Hospital (CMH). This study aimed to develop an effort to increase inpatient visits by company guarantees at CMH Banjarmasin.
Methods: This study was conducted on 95 respondents from company customers. Of the 95 customers, they are divided into actual customers, namely those who have used inpatient services, as many as 58 people and potential customers who have not utilized as many as 37 people. The data is processed by classifying some between actual and potential customers and processed descriptively from several variables, including Satisfaction, Interact and Loyalty.
Results: This study informs that the low interest in visiting is strongly influenced by customer knowledge regarding the company's cooperation with hospitals and services following customer needs. The actual customer differentiation is mostly just first-timers and repeat customers, while the rest are prospects who have not taken advantage of the services at CMH. The interaction of the hospital with partner company customers at CMH influences satisfaction with a significance of <0.001, while the resulting patient satisfaction influences loyalty with a significance of <0.001, thereby increasing customer loyalty.
Conclusion: Based on this study, most customers were prospective customers who had never used inpatient services. The service experience felt by customers is the same as other customers, while customer loyalty to CMH is higher than customer loyalty to other hospitals.
A comparative assessment of chemical characteristics of goat’s milk yoghurt after the addition of Syzygium cumini L.
Authors: Putri Endah Budi Permana , Rozaki Refintia Dinda
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Yogurt is a functional food that has health benefits. The study aimed to analyze the physicochemical characteristics of goat’s milk yogurt after adding Syzygium cumini L.
Methods: Syzygium cumini L extract was mixed into goat’s milk and starter (Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus) and then fermented at 250C for 24 hours. The samples were divided into 4 treatment groups, namely differences in the concentration level of the addition of Syzygium cumini L (0%, 20%, 40%, 60%). The pH levels were analyzed by pH meter, lactic acid levels by acid-base titration method, and dietary fiber content by enzymatic gravimetric method.
Results: The results showed that the pH level without adding Syzygium cumini L was 4.81 while Syzygium cumini L decreased by 0.5-0.8 to become more acidic. Meanwhile, the addition of Syzygium cumini L increased the lactic acid level by 4.82% by 0.2-0.5%. Dietary fiber content increased from 2% to 2.10% with the addition of 60% Syzygium cumini L. This study showed a difference in the chemical characteristics of pH, lactic acid, and dietary fiber between goat’s milk yogurt before and after the addition of Syzygium cumini L.
Conclusion: This study has identified a significant difference in characteristic physicochemical on pH level, lactic acid level, and dietary fiber content between goat’s milk yogurt before and after the addition of Syzygium cumini L.
Contributing factors to musculoskeletal disorders in women who routinely use high heels
Authors: Irsyam O.K Ilham Abdullay , Ketaren Aga Shahri Putera , Putra Reza Mahruzza , Tendean Steven , Budisantoso Andrew Budiartha
Published: December 2022

Introduction: High heels are still the top choice of women's footwear and have an aesthetic function. A previous study showed that high heels were the potential to give musculoskeletal disorders. This study aimed to find the presence of musculoskeletal disorders and the factors influencing the routine and long-term use of high heels amongst bank employees.
Methods: This is an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The research study participant collection was carried out in November - December 2020 in several Bank branches; 233 participants were obtained. Each participant was given a questionnaire about musculoskeletal disorders and the factors influencing high heels used.
Results: It was found that there is a relationship between body mass index (BMI), shoe height, and the length of time used per week for the pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in the use of high heels. However, it was found that there is no relationship between the type of shoes and the pain VAS using high heels.
Conclusion: The higher BMI, shoe height, and the longer time using high heels per week contribute to the increasing pain VAS amongst high heel users.
The protective effect of intermittent fasting and physical exercise on obesity through changes in muscle diameter
Authors: Aisyah  , Salim Hotimah Masdan
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Obesity is a cause of metabolic syndrome. Intermittent fasting is a method that is quite popular today, and this is an alternative method to lose weight compared to the traditional method of undergoing calorie restriction (20-40% reduction in daily calorie intake) and/or physical activity. However, the effect of intermittent fasting and physical exercise on changes in the muscle remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the changes in muscle histology in intermittent fasting and physical exercise in obese mice.
Methods: 8-weeks old mice were given a high-fat diet for two weeks and then grouped into four groups (a control group, group two as a group with a high-fat diet, group three with a high-fat diet which was given physical exercise, and group four was a high-fat diet which was given fasting for 8 hours 5 days a week, for two weeks). Histological analysis was performed to see the changes in the muscles with hematoxylin staining at 40 times magnification.
Results: The fasting and physical exercise group were significantly less weight gain. The histological results found that the muscle diameter widened in the physical exercise group compared to the high-fat diet group (p<0.05). In comparison, the fasting group was found to have almost the same muscle diameter as the control group without the high-fat diet (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Both intermittent fasting and exercise were effective in reducing body weight, whereas intermittent fasting is more effective than exercise in maintaining muscle mass by maintaining muscle diameter to prevent obesity.
Blastocystis hominis infection in HIV/AIDS children with extraintestinal symptom: a case report
Authors: Permasutha Made Bayu , Pranata I Wayan Adi , Diptyanusa Ajib , Murhandarwati E. Elsa Herdiana
Published: December 2022

Background: Blastocystis hominis is an intestinal parasite that can induce both intra- and extraintestinal symptoms. This article aims to describe the symptom findings in cases of HIV children co-infected with B. hominis.
Case Presentation: A 3-year-old boy with HIV/AIDS came with diarrhea and skin rashes. The direct smear technique, formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique, Jones medium culture, and trichrome staining were all used to investigate a single stool specimen from this patient. The results of the examination showed B. hominis infection with intensity <5/high power field (HPF). Extraintestinal symptoms such as skin rashes were not seen in this patient after appropriate treatment.
Conclusion: B. hominis infection can cause extraintestinal symptoms such as a red rash on the skin. When a patient presents with a skin rash of unknown origin, having their stool tested for parasites is a concern.
Analysis between cognitive impairment with the level of disability post-stroke patients: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Hasina Siti Nur , Ainiyah Nur , Wardhini Anggy Dyayu Nur , Wijayanti Lono
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The condition that appears in patients who have had a stroke is cognitive impairment. Cognitive impairment can worsen the condition of stroke patients so that it can slow down the recovery process and have a high risk of disability. This study aims to analyze the correlation between cognitive impairment and the level of disability in post-stroke patients.
Methods: This study uses a correlational analytical design with a cross sectional technique design with a population of 70 participants and a sampling technique using consecutive sampling obtained a sample of 64 participants. The independent variable in this study is cognitive impairment of post-stroke patients while the dependent variable is the level of disability of post-stroke patients. The instrument for collecting data on cognitive impairment was using the MoCA-Ina questionnaire and the level of disability using the WHODAS questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank test with significance < 0.05.
Results: The results of this study showed that most of the 52 (81.2%) participants had cognitive impairment and most of the 42 (65.6%) participants had moderate disabilities and a small portion of 10 (15.6%) participants had severe disabilities. The results of statistical tests on the relationship between cognitive impairment and the level of disability in post-stroke patients through the Spearman Rank test showed p = 0.000 with coefficient correlation 0.665.
Conclusions: The analysis test showed a strong correlation between cognitive impairment and the level of disability in post-stroke patients. Post-stroke patients with cognitive impairment must be treated properly so that it does not result in disability in patients that has a direct impact on the psychosocial and quality of life of the patient.
A review of CRISPR Cas9 for ASCVD: treatment strategies and could target PSCK9 gene using CRISPR cas9 prevent the patient from atherosclerotic vascular disease?
Authors: Suwito Bambang Edi , Adji Arga Setyo , Wardani Vira Aulia Kusuma , Widjaja Jordan Steven , Angel Syalomitha Claudia Stefanie , Rahman Firman Suryadi
Published: December 2022

Background: Targeting PCSK9 by maintaining hemodynamic shear stress stability has been shown in several studies to reduce LDL-C, arterial plaque formation, and PCSK9 expression in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Genome editing with CRISPR-associated regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas9) have therapeutic potential for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This study aims to evaluate the role of CRISPR/Cas9 in targeting PCSK9 as an effective therapeutic and long-term effect on atherosclerotic vascular disease.
Methods: The method used in this study summarizes the article by looking for keywords that have been determined in the title and abstract. The authors used official guidelines from Science Direct, PubMed, the American College of Cardiology, Google Scholar, and PERKI to select full-text articles published within the last decade, prioritizing searches within the last five years.
Results: CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of PCSK9 in mouse models reduces LDL-C, Plaque accumulation in the arteries, and PCSK9 expression. Furthermore, CRISPR/Cas9 deletion in PCSK9 saves the stability of Hemodyanimc shear stress to control the PCSK9 expression that causes Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion: PCSK9 targeting by CRISPR/Cas9 deletion effectively reduces LDL-C, plaque buildup in the arteries, and PCSK9 expression. However, more research is needed to determine its side effects and safety.