bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydrometeorological Observations and Modeling of an Extreme Rainfall Event Using WRF and WRF-Hydro during the RELAMPAGO Field Campaign in Argentina
Authors: Pal Sujan , Dominguez Francina , Dillon María Eugenia , Alvarez Javier , Garcia Carlos Marcelo , Nesbitt Stephen W. , Gochis David
Published: November 2020

Some of the most intense convective storms on Earth initiate near the Sierras de Córdoba mountain range in Argentina. The goal of the RELAMPAGO field campaign was to observe these intense convective storms and their associated impacts. The intense observation period (IOP) occurred during November–December 2018. The two goals of the hydrometeorological component of RELAMPAGO IOP were 1) to perform hydrological streamflow and meteorological observations in previously ungauged basins and 2) to build a hydrometeorological modeling system for hindcast and forecast applications. During the IOP, our team was able to construct the stage–discharge curves in three basins, as hydrological instrumentation and personnel were successfully deployed based on RELAMPAGO weather forecasts. We found that the flood response time in these river locations is typically between 5 and 6 h from the peak of the rain event. The satellite-observed rainfall product IMERG-Final showed a better representation of rain gauge–estimated precipitation, while IMERG-Early and IMERG-Late had significant positive bias. The modeling component focuses on the 48-h simulation of an extreme hydrometeorological event that occurred on 27 November 2018. Using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) atmospheric model and its hydrologic component WRF-Hydro as an uncoupled hydrologic model, we developed a system for hindcast, deterministic forecast, and a 60-member ensemble forecast initialized with regional-scale atmospheric data assimilation. Critically, our results highlight that streamflow simulations using the ensemble forecasting with data assimilation provide realistic flash flood forecast in terms of timing and magnitude of the peak. Our findings from this work are being used by the water managers in the region.
A Numerical Study of Typhoon Megi (2010). Part II: Eyewall Evolution Crossing the Luzon Island
Authors: Wang Hui , Wang Yuqing
Published: November 2020

Typhoon Megi (2010) experienced drastic eyewall structure changes when it crossed the Luzon Island and entered the South China Sea (SCS), including the contraction and breakdown of the eyewall after landfall over the Luzon Island, the formation of a new large outer eyewall accompanied by reintensification of the storm after it entered the SCS, and the appearance of a short-lived small inner eyewall. These features were reproduced reasonably well in a control simulation using the Advanced Weather Research and Forecasting (ARW-WRF) Model. In this study, the eyewall processes of the simulated Megi during and after landfall have been analyzed. Results show that the presence of the landmass of the Luzon Island increased surface friction and reduced surface enthalpy flux, causing the original eyewall to contract and break down and the storm to weaken. The formation of the new large eyewall results mainly from the axisymmetrization of outer spiral rainbands after the storm core moved across the Luzon Island and entered the SCS. The appearance of the small inner eyewall over the SCS was due to the increased surface enthalpy flux and the revival of convection in the central region of the storm core. In a sensitivity experiment with the mesoscale mountain replaced by flat surface over the Luzon Island, a new large outer eyewall formed over the western Luzon Island with its size about one-third smaller after the storm entered the SCS than that in the control experiment with the terrain over the Luzon Island unchanged.
Voters’ Perceptions of Trust in Donald Trump in 2016 and 2019: Implications for Presidential Leadership in the Crises of 2020
Authors: Shockley-Zalabak Pamela S. , Morreale Sherwyn P.
Published: November 2020

This study explored voters’ perceptions of Donald Trump regarding their general trust in his presidential leadership. In 2019, a little over 2 years into Trump’s first term, Shockley-Zalabak and Morreale administered an online census-representative survey to 1,500 registered voters in all 50 states, examining their trust perceptions of Trump. The purpose of the survey was to explore voters’ perceptions of President Donald Trump in three regards: (a) in what ways, if at all, did voters’ perceptions change in 2019 by comparison to a similar survey conducted by these researchers in 2016; (b) in what ways might any changes in voters’ perceptions be a function of voter demographics; and (c) in what ways might any changes in voters’ perceptions be related to five critical drivers that underlie trust? The findings of this study support other polls and the more popular press conclusions that Donald Trump is a divisive individual who has retained a generally low-trust evaluation throughout his political career. The demographic divides evidenced in 2016 remained in 2019 and shifted to more polarized and more extreme positions. In other words, those who in 2016 had evaluated Trump most favorably increased their favorability ratings, while those distrusting Trump increased in that distrust. Finally, because of the unpreceded crises of the global pandemic, economic crisis, and racial tensions of 2020, this study’s findings are used to postulate about the implications of presidential trust or the lack therefore during the first half of 2020.
Do online media adhere to the responsible suicide reporting guidelines? A cross sectional study from India
Authors: Raj Sonika , Ghosh Abhishek , Sharma Babita , Goel Sonu
Published: November 2020

Background:

The content and nature of media reports could influence suicide prevention measures.

Aim:

To evaluate contemporary online media reports’ compliance with guidelines for responsible reporting of suicidal acts from Indian resources.

Methods:

We included English and Hindi articles for reports concerning suicide, published by local and national media sources for 30 consecutive days from the day of death of a celebrity by alleged suicide. The search was performed in Google News with predefined search queries and selection criteria. Two independent investigators did data extraction. Subsequently, each news report was assessed against guidelines for the responsible reporting of suicide by the WHO and the Press Council of India.

Results:

We identified 295 articles (Hindi n =  172, English n =  123). Results showed more than 80% of the media reports deviated from at least one criterion of the recommendations. A maximum breach was seen in the news article’s headlines, sensational reportage and detailed suicide methods description. Significant differences were seen in the quality of English and Hindi reporting and reporting celebrity and noncelebrity suicide. Additional items revealed were reporting suicide pacts, linking multiple suicides in a single news report, allowing user-generated threads and linking Religion and suicide.

Conclusion:

Measures are required to implement reporting recommendations in the framework of a national suicide prevention strategy.
Adherence to supplemental vitamin D intake and infant weight gain: a retrospective cohort study in rural southwestern China
Authors: Zheng Xiaofei , Wu Qijun , Weng Dadong , Fu Yeju , Yue Duxian , Wang Yu
Published: November 2020

Objectives

We tested the hypothesis that vitamin D supplementation is associated with early body mass index (BMI) patterns.

Methods

Using retrospective longitudinal data of infants and toddlers in a 2-year follow-up study, we identified BMI-for-age Z score (BAZ) growth trajectories using latent class growth modeling (LCGM) analysis. Logistic regression models were adopted to investigate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on BAZ patterns.

Results

Five BAZ trajectories were derived using LCGM. Higher intake of vitamin D supplement was significantly associated with lower odds of rapid weight gain or mild undernutrition in the first 2 years (odds ratios: 0.60–0.83 for class 2: early rapid growth; 0.69–0.82 for class 3: early weight loss, late rapid growth; 0.83–0.89 for class 4: suboptimal growth). Adherence to 400 IU Vitamin D ≥ 1 year was significantly associated with less likelihood of being in class 3 (odds ratio 0.17).

Conclusions

Among infants and toddlers aged 0 to 2 years, dietary supplementation of vitamin D is insufficient in rural areas of China. Insufficient vitamin D intake was found to be associated with suboptimal BAZ growth at early stages. Effective collaboration is needed between pediatricians and caregivers, to assure adherence to the nutritional guideline.
How does nepafenac affect the choroidal thickness after uneventful cataract surgery?
Authors: Cevher Selim , Aydoğdu Gülçin
Published: November 2020

Purpose:

To investigate the effects of topical nepafenac on choroidal thickness (CT) following uneventful phacoemulsification surgery (UPS) using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT).

Methods:

This prospective study included 45 randomly selected eyes (23 eyes of 23 patients used nepafenac (nepafenac group) and 22 eyes of 22 control patients did not use nepafenac (nepafenac-free group)) undergoing small-incision UPS. All participants underwent full ophthalmologic examination. CT measurements were performed at subfoveal, 1.0 mm temporal, and 1.0 mm nasal using the EDI-OCT preoperatively, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month postoperatively.

Results:

The mean subfoveal, nasal, and temporal CT in the nepafenac-free group had changed from 268.95 ± 63.59 μm to 283.36 ± 65.63 μm, 237.22 ± 64.09 μm to 253.09 ± 67.27 μm, and 235.95 ± 75.22 μm to 259.09 ± 63.66 μm preoperatively to 1 month postoperatively, respectively ( p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). The mean subfoveal, nasal, and temporal CT in the nepafenac group had changed from 259.65 ± 55.99 μm to 276.65 ± 59.21 μm, 236.34 ± 55.40 μm to 251.00 ± 62.39 μm, and 247.56 ± 50.88 μm to 261.13 ± 53.73 μm preoperatively to 1 month postoperatively, respectively ( p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). The postoperative CT continued to increase significantly during the follow-up period in two groups. However, compared to the change from baseline to month 1, there was not a statistically significant difference between the groups at subfoveal, nasal, and temporal CT ( p: 0.633, p: 0.865, and p: 0.328, respectively).

Conclusion:

UPS may cause a significant increase in CT. Although increasing in the CT was lower in the nepafenac group than the nepafenac-free group, there was not a statistically significant difference between the groups.
Engaging Communities in Challenging Times: Lessons Learned from the Master Gardener Program During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Osafo Emmanuel
Published: November 2020

The Problem

The centrality of community engagement to the success of higher education is incontestable. When the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic emerged in early 2020, organizations and institutions, including universities had to suspend most community engagement activities, which is predominantly done in-person, across states in order to reduce the spread of the virus. This was a call for strategic rethinking to remain mission focused in adverse situations.

The Recommendation

I recommend the modified Framework for University Community Partnership (UCP) and scenario planning, a widely utilized support scheme for strategic decision making to human resource development (HRD) practitioners as pivotal for community engagement. This article seeks to help organizations adjust effectively to the “new normal.”

The Stakeholders

This article seeks to provide the impetus for higher education institutions to effectively develop community engagement processes in the post-COVID-19 era. Furthermore, the article is written to benefit HRD professionals, nonprofit organizations, volunteers, and other community engagement programs.
Risk of recurrent stroke for Asian stroke patients treated with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant and warfarin
Authors: Lin Sheng-Feng , Lu Yi-Hsuan , Bai Chyi-Huey
Published: November 2020

Aim:

The aim of this study was to establish whether non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are superior to warfarin in preventing stroke recurrence for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke at the baseline.

Methods:

From 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2017, stroke patients with AF treated with oral anticoagulants in the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan were enrolled. The study was retrospective cohort design. Outcome measures were ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke recurrence. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to obtain the hazard ratio (HR).

Results:

In total, 39,840 stroke patients with AF treated with NOAC and 42,583 treated with warfarin were identified. NOACs were superior to warfarin in preventing all recurrent stroke [adjusted HR: 0.67, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.63–0.71, p < 0.001]. Results for the ischemic stroke population were the same as that for all types for stroke (adjusted HR: 0.66, 95% CI, 0.62–0.70, p < 0.001). For the hemorrhagic stroke population, NOACs were equivalent to warfarin in preventing ischemic stroke (adjusted HR: 1.11, 95% CI, 0.86–0.43, p < 0.001), but NOACs were superior to warfarin in preventing hemorrhagic stroke (adjusted HR: 0.64, 95% CI, 0.55–0.74, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

NOACs were generally superior to warfarin in terms of efficacy and safety in previous stroke patients. The robustness of our findings was verified and should add new information to current recommendations for Asian stroke patients in selecting NOACs.
The role of self-efficacy and information processing in weight loss during an mHealth behavioral intervention
Authors: Turner-McGrievy Gabrielle M , Crimarco Anthony , Wilcox Sara , Boutté Alycia K , Hutto Brent E , Muth Eric R , Hoover Adam
Published: November 2020

Self-efficacy (SE) and information processing (IP) may be important constructs to target when designing mHealth interventions for weight loss. The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between SE and IP with weight loss at six-months as part of the Dietary Interventions Examining Tracking with mobile study, a six-month randomized trial with content delivered remotely via twice-weekly podcasts. Participants were randomized to self-monitor their diet with either a mobile app (n = 42) or wearable Bite Counter device (n = 39). SE was assessed using the Weight Efficacy Life-Style Questionnaire and the IP variables assessed included user control, cognitive load, novelty, elaboration. Regression analysis examined the relationship between weight loss, SE change & IP at six months. Results indicate that elaboration was the strongest predictor of weight loss (ß =−0.423, P = 0.011) among all SE & IP variables and that for every point increase in elaboration, participants lost 0.34 kg body weight.
“I Definitely Did Not Report It When I Was Raped . . . #WeBelieveChristine #MeToo”: A Content Analysis of Disclosures of Sexual Assault on Twitter
Authors: Deal Bonnie-Elene , Martinez Lourdes S. , Spitzberg Brian H. , Tsou Ming-Hsiang (Ming)
Published: November 2020

The “Me Too” movement, founded by activist Tarana Burke, began in 2006, before Twitter became the viral platform for political activism and news media that it is known for today. The reemergence of the Me Too movement on Twitter in 2017 sparked a widespread focus on the societal issue of sexual misconduct. This study examines sexual assault disclosures as an aspect of such misconduct through the context of the Me Too movement on Twitter. Through the use of content analysis, online disclosures of sexual assault ( N = 1,459) are examined for variations of sexual explicitness and attainment of social functions per the functional theory of self-disclosure. Specifically, this study explores associations between Twitter network structure and (1) levels of sexual explicitness and (2) retweet count. Through manual coding and statistical analysis, the study finds associations between sexual explicitness of online disclosures and retweet count as well as associations between network structure and sexual explicitness of disclosures. The study shifts the focus of disclosure discourse from dyadic communication to the contemporary context of networked social media. Implications for theory and practice are discussed, which include, but are not limited to, the exploration of associations between disclosing and catharsis, disclosing that may be characterized as neutral or conflicted, and disclosing sexual assault without being sexually explicit.
Posterior Displacement and Angulation of Displaced Lateral Clavicle Fractures: A 3-Dimensional Analysis
Authors: Cho Chul-Hyun , Kim Beom-Soo , Kim Du-Han , Jung Gu-Hee
Published: November 2020

Background:

The management of lateral clavicle fractures is often challenging because of difficulties in identifying displacement patterns that indicate an unstable fracture.

Hypothesis:

The aim of this study was to evaluate displacement patterns through analysis using 3-dimensional (3D) rendering software for displaced lateral clavicle fractures. We hypothesized that most displaced lateral clavicle fractures would have posterior displacement and angulation as well as superior displacement of the medial fragment.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Radiographs of 37 displaced lateral clavicle fractures were imported into the 3D rendering software to reconstruct the fracture model. For the computational simulation of fracture reduction, the medial fragment was manipulated and returned into place using the software’s moving tools. Two corresponding points were marked between the medial and lateral fragments to measure 3D spatial location in the x-axis (shortening), y-axis (horizontal displacement), and z-axis (vertical displacement). The displacement angle on the cranial view was also measured based on the medial end of the clavicle.

Results:

There were 32 cases (86.5%) of superior displacement of the medial fragment (mean, 5.8 mm; range, –6.5 to 19.0 mm), 35 cases (94.6%) of posterior displacement of the medial fracture fragment (mean, 8.8 mm; range, –3.2 to 18.3 mm), and 23 cases (62.2%) of distraction of the fracture site (mean, 2.1 mm; range, –9.2 to 12.2 mm). All 37 patients revealed posterior angulation of the fracture site (mean, 8.9°; range, 2.2°-39.4°).

Conclusion:

Most displaced lateral clavicle fractures have posterior displacement and angulation as well as superior displacement of the medial fragment. Our results revealed that 3D evaluation of lateral clavicle fracture displacement patterns is useful for assessing fracture stability and making treatment decisions.
Application of genome-wide insertion/deletion markers on genetic structure analysis and identity signature of Malus accessions
Authors: Wang Xuan , Shen Fei , Gao Yuan , Wang Kun , Chen Ruiting , Luo Jun , Yang Lili , Zhang Xi , Qiu Changpeng , Li Wei , Wu Ting , Xu Xuefeng , Wang Yi , Cong Peihua , Han Zhenhai , Zhang Xinzhong
Published: November 2020

Background

Apple (Malusssp.), one of the most important temperate fruit crops, has a long cultivation history and is economically important. To identify the genetic relationships among the apple germplasm accessions, whole-genome structural variants identified betweenM. domesticacultivars ‘Jonathan’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ were used.

Results

A total of 25,924 insertions and deletions (InDels) were obtained, from which 102 InDel markers were developed. Using the InDel markers, we found that 942 (75.3%) of the 1251Malusaccessions from 35 species exhibited a unique identity signature due to their distinct genotype combinations. The 102 InDel markers could distinguish 16.7–71.4% of the 331 bud sports derived from ‘Fuji’, ‘Red Delicious’, ‘Gala’, ‘Golden Delicious’, and other cultivars. Five distinct genetic patterns were found in 1002 diploid accessions based on 78 bi-allele InDel markers. Genetic structure analysis indicated thatM. domesticashowed higher genetic diversity than the other species.Malusunderwent a relatively high level of wild-to-crop or crop-to-wild gene flow.M. sieversiiwas closely related to bothM. domesticaand cultivated Chinese cultivars.

Conclusions

The identity signatures ofMalusaccessions can be used to determine distinctness, uniformity, and stability. The results of this study may also provide better insight into the genetic relationships amongMalusspecies.
Transitional nystagmus in a Bow Hunter’s Syndrome case report
Authors: Nomura Yasuyuki , Toi Teruo , Ogawa Yasuo , Oshima Takeshi , Saito Yuichiro
Published: November 2020

Background

Bow Hunter’s Syndrome (BHS) is known as one of cervical diseases which causes vertigo, but the details of its vertigo, especially nystagmus and eye movement, are still incompletely understood. This time, we reported the first case of BHS with a nystagmus chart with video record of transitional nystagmus.

Case presentation

The patient, a 47-year-old female, complained of vertigo caused by head rotation. When she turned her head leftward, leftward nystagmus appeared, and this was followed by dullness of the right arm. After her head was returned to the central position, downbeat nystagmus appeared, which changed to rightward nystagmus. She was diagnosed with BHS by her symptoms and images. We recorded a nystagmus video and nystagmus chart of this transitional nystagmus including downbeat nystagmus. Her vertigo was cured by the modification of a prescription for her past medical history: hypertension.

Conclusion

The vertigo of BHS accompanies nystagmus. In this present case, the transitional nystagmus was observed, and it occurred toward the healthy side. Then the nystagmus direction was changed to the affected side via downbeat nystagmus. This is the first report with both a nystagmus chart with video of BHS. Nowadays, various kinds of vertigo induced by neck movement are known. BHS is a rare disease among vertigo diseases, but we should consider it as a different diagnosis of vertigo patients. A precise interview and proper examination are required to make the final diagnosis.
Using arterial blood as a substitute for venous blood in routine biochemistry parameter examinations in rabbits
Authors: Wang Jia-yu , Wang Yu-bo , Liu Kun , Bi Xiao-jun , Sun Jie
Published: November 2020

Background

It has been widely accepted that there is a significant difference in peripheral blood oxygen between arteries and veins. Therefore, arterial blood has been collected for blood gas analysis, and venous blood, because it is convenient to collect, has been used for most laboratory examinations. However, venous blood is always difficult to collect in rabbits; in contrast, arterial blood is easier to obtain, and research on whether arterial blood can be used instead of venous blood for routine biochemical parameter examination is rare. Therefore, the present study was designed to explore whether arterial blood can be used as a substitute for venous blood for routine biochemistry parameter examination in rabbits.

Results

Three venous blood samples with gross hemolysis were excluded. Venous and arterial blood samples were obtained from forty-two rabbits. Arterial blood samples correlate well with venous blood in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), total protein (TP), globulin (GLB), serum total cholesterol (TC), serum triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), urea (Ur) and creatinine (Cr) levels by Deming regression analysis with slopes ranging from 0.893 to 1.176 and intercepts ranging from − 4.886 to 5.835. Bland-Altman analysis showed that the two sample parameters had 93%-98% of the points within the 95% consistency limits. There were significant differences between venous blood and arterial blood in ALP, TP, TC, TG, HDL, LDL and Cr, while AST, ALT, GGT, GLB and Ur showed no significant differences.

Conclusions

Arterial blood can be a substitute for venous blood in routine biochemistry parameter examinations in rabbits, especially in situations where venous blood is difficult to collect.
Registered dietitians’ beliefs and behaviours related to counselling patients on physical activity and sedentary behaviour from a theory of planned behaviour perspective
Authors: Huntington Jessica , Dwyer John J. M. , Shama Sara , Brauer Paula
Published: November 2020

Background

Registered dietitians working in team-based primary care settings (e.g., family health teams [FHTs]) are positioned to counsel on physical activity and sedentary behaviour when providing nutrition-related services to promote health and prevent disease. This qualitative study explored FHT registered dietitians’ beliefs and behaviours related to counselling patients on physical activity and sedentary behaviour.

Methods

Twenty registered dietitians in FHTs in Ontario, Canada were interviewed in person. Theory of planned behaviour guided the development of this cross-sectional, descriptive study. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes within each of the following theoretical constructs (topics): registered dietitians’ behaviour (practice), behavioural intention, attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control related to physical activity and sedentary behaviour counselling.

Results

All participants counselled patients on physical activity, using some motivational interviewing strategies, and most counselled on sedentary behaviour. Many participants intended to continue their current physical activity counselling practices and increase sedentary behaviour counselling. Some participants had a positive attitude about the effectiveness of counselling on physical activity and sedentary behaviour, but their belief about effectiveness was dependent on factors such as time frame for behaviour change. Many participants felt that other health care professionals expected them to counsel on physical activity and they believed that other registered dietitians counsel on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Facilitators to counselling included FHT dynamics and time with patients. In terms of barriers, almost all participants were confident in basic PA counselling only and contended that only this is within their scope of practice. Many participants posited that exercise prescription is outside their scope of practice. Other barriers included registered dietitians’ lack of knowledge and not having a physical activity expert on the team.

Conclusions

The results suggest that strategies are warranted to improve FHT registered dietitians’ knowledge, attitude, and counselling skills related to physical activity and sedentary behaviour. This study provides a strong foundation to develop a theory-based, quantitative measure to assess physical activity and sedentary behaviour counselling practices and determinants among registered dietitians.
The Last Jeraeil of Gippsland: Rediscovering an Aboriginal Ceremonial Site
Authors: Gibson Jason , Mullet Russell
Published: November 2020

The Jeraeil, a young men’s initiation ceremony of the GunaiKurnai people of Gippsland, Australia, ceased to be performed toward the end of the nineteenth century. Eager to witness and document the ceremony, anthropologist A. W. Howitt arranged for a performance of the Jeraeil in 1884. His published accounts of the Jeraeil have since been used as evidence of a distinctive type of ceremonial practice in southeastern Australia that was readily embraced by the GunaiKurnai as a vital part of their cultural heritage. This article describes the events that led to Howitt’s documentation of the ceremony, the key roles played by Aboriginal people in enabling this event to take place, and the authors’ recent rediscovery of the site of the last Jeraeil ground. Returning to the site more than 134 years later, the authors reflect on the significance of the place and how the site might be reinscribed in light of recent archival discoveries.
Electrodeposition of Thiolated Polymer-based Hydrogels via Disulfide Formation Using Electrogenerated Benzoquinone
Authors: Ino Kosuke , Tamura Ayako , Hiramoto Kaoru , Fukuda Mika T , Nashimoto Yuji , Shiku Hitoshi
Published: November 2020

We present an electrodeposition method for fabricating thiolated polymer-based hydrogels through oxidation of hydroquinone (HQ). HQ is oxidized to benzoquinone (BQ) at an electrode, and the generated BQ is utilized for disulfide formation through an electrocatalytic reaction. As a simple demonstration of bioapplications, an electrodeposited hydrogel containing glucose oxidase was applied for glucose sensing. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the electrodeposition of thiolated polymer-based hydrogels via disulfide formation using the indirect approach.
Απόψεις περί της ουσίας και του δικαίου του Πολέμου
Authors: Προγούλης Νίκος
Published: November 2020

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
Βία και Κοινωνική Δικαιοσύνη
Authors: Χαραλάμπους Ευαγγελία
Published: November 2020

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
Προβλήματα βιοηθικής: Σχέσεις ιατρικής και φιλοσοφίας
Authors: Παπαγεωργίου Ελένη
Published: November 2020

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
Νέοι όροι υποκειμενοποίησης του κοινωνικού κόσμου. Μία νέα ανθρώπινη υποκειμενικότητα
Authors: Αρβανίτης Βασίλης
Published: November 2020

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
Το Πρόβλημα της Ηθικής Οδύνης στη Σύγχρονη Τεχνικοοικονομική Δομή
Authors: Κουλουμπαρίτσης Λάμπρος
Published: November 2020

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
Άνθρωπος, Υποκείμενο και Dasein κατά τον Martin Heidegger
Authors: Βερτζάγια Δέσποινα
Published: November 2020

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
Ποιος θα φταίει όταν ο HAL σκοτώσει ξανά;
Authors: Γούναρης Άλκης
Published: November 2020

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
Δημοκρατία και πατριωτισμός σε δύο εμβληματικές για το πολίτευμα στιγμές (Κλασική Αθήνα - Γαλλικός Διαφωτισμός και Γαλλική Επανάσταση)
Authors: Θεοδούλου Αναστασία
Published: November 2020

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
Human rights and collective goods: a non - individualistic approach
Authors: Kolliniati Maria - Artemis
Published: November 2020

Δεν διατίθεται περίληψη
Key Issues in Auditor’s Report: Composition, Classifi cation, Priorities
Authors: Sotnikova Lyudmila
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the actual problem of including such a section as the key sections of the audit in the audit reports of Russian public joint stock companies. Th e author’s task of identifying the most frequently identifi ed risks of misstatement of fi nancial statements by auditors is solved by examining the total number of audit reports issued to public joint-stock companies on the accounting (fi nancial) statements of these companies for 2019.
State of Care in England 2019/20
Authors: Halliwell Amanda
Published: November 2020

The Care Quality Commission's annual report into the state of care in all sectors contains a mine of useful information. We report on the regulator's key findings
Preventing airborne transmission of Covid-19
Authors: Cook Jayson
Published: November 2020

The ways in which the virus that causes Covid-19 is spread have been under intense public and scientific scrutiny. This article looks at what can be done to reduce airborne transmission of the virus in indoor environments
Should we pay people to have the Covid-19 vaccine?
Authors: Moffat Polly
Published: November 2020

Given the rising global death toll and the serious health and economic consequences of the pandemic, there have been calls to mandate any future Covid-19 vaccination
Weight loss considerations in the older cat
Authors: Hayes Lauren
Published: November 2020

The companion animal population is continuing to live longer, with approximately 40% of pet dogs and cats aged 7 years or older. Continued improvements in veterinary care and disease prevention strategies, veterinary nutrition, breeding and husbandry are just a few of the factors contributing to pet longevity, resulting in a significant population of senior small companion animals. This article considers the most common causes of weight loss in the older cat through review of the definitions and pathophysiology of muscle loss, and examining the most common concurrent metabolic and endocrine diseases associated with weight loss in the older feline patient.
Myth or truth — are flat-faced dogs really less healthy?
Authors: O'Neill Dan
Published: November 2020

New research from the Royal Veterinary College (RVC) confirms that flat-faced (brachycephalic) breeds — including Chihuahuas, Pugs, French Bulldogs and British Bulldogs — are generally less healthy than their non-brachycephalic counterparts, answering the burning question about whether flat-faced dogs truly are less healthy overall.
Shotgun metagenome sequencing identification of a set of genes encoded by Actinomyces associated with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw
Authors: Yahara Hiroko , Hiraki Akimitsu , Maruoka Yutaka , Hirabayashi Aki , Suzuki Masato , Yahara Koji
Published: November 2020

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is intractable and severely affects a patient’s quality of life. Although many cases of MRONJ have been reported in the past decade, the disease pathophysiology is unclear and there are no evidence-based therapeutic strategies. MRONJ usually features bone inflammation and infection. Prior studies that explored the association between MRONJ and microbial infection used the culture-based approach, which is not applicable to hundreds of unculturable taxa in the human oral microbiome, or 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, which does not provide quantitative information of the abundance of specific taxa, and information of the presence, abundance, and function of specific genes in the microbiome. Here, deep shotgun metagenome sequencing (>10 Gb per sample) of bulk DNA extracted from saliva of MRONJ patients and healthy controls was performed to overcome these limitations. Comparative quantitative analyses of taxonomic and functional composition of these deep metagenomes (initially of 5 patients and 5 healthy controls) revealed an average 10.1% increase of genus Actinomyces and a 33.2% decrease in genus Streptococcus normally predominant in the human oral microbiota. Pan-genome analysis identified genes present exclusively in the MRONJ samples. Further analysis of the reads mapping to the genes in the extended dataset comprising five additional MRONJ samples and publicly available dataset of nine healthy controls resulted in the identification of 31 genes significantly associated with MRONJ. All these genes were encoded by Actinomyces genomic regions. Of these, the top two abundant genes were almost exclusively encoded by Actinomyces among usual taxa in the human oral microbiota. The potential relationships of these key genes with the disease are discussed at molecular level based on the literature. Although the sample size was small, this study will aid future studies to verify the data and characterize these genes in vitro and in vivo to understand the disease mechanisms, develop molecular targeted drugs, and for early stage screening and prognosis prediction.
Engaging primary care professionals in suicide prevention: A qualitative study
Authors: Elzinga Elke , de Kruif Anja J. T. C. M. , de Beurs Derek P. , Beekman Aartjan T. F. , Franx Gerdien , Gilissen Renske
Published: November 2020

In health systems with strongly developed primary care, such as in the Netherlands, effectively engaging primary care professionals (PCPs) in suicide prevention is a key strategy. As part of the national Suicide Prevention Action Network (SUPRANET), a program was offered to PCPs in six regions in the Netherlands in 2017–2018 to more effectively engage them in suicide prevention. This implementation study aimed to evaluate to what extent SUPRANET was helpful in supporting PCPs to apply suicide prevention practices. From March to May 2018, 21 semi-structured interviews have been carried out with PCPs and other non-clinical professionals from SUPRANET regions in the Netherlands. Verbatim transcripts were analysed using the grounded theory approach. Data was structured using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, which enabled identifying facilitating and challenging factors for PCPs to carry out suicide prevention practices. An important challenge included difficulties in assessing suicide risk (intervention characteristics) due to PCPs’ self-perceived incompetence, burdensomeness of suicide and limited time and heavy workload of PCPs. Another important limitation was collaboration with mental health care (outer setting), whereas mental health nurses (inner setting) and SUPRANET (implementation process) were facilitating factors for applying suicide prevention practices. With regard to SUPRANET, especially the training was positively evaluated by PCPs. PCPs expressed a strong need for improving collaboration with specialized mental health care, which was not provided by SUPRANET. Educating PCPs on suicide prevention seems beneficial, but is not sufficient to improve care for suicidal patients. Effective suicide prevention also requires improved liaison between mental health services and primary care, and should therefore be the focus of future suicide prevention strategies aimed at primary care.
Association of visual and quantitative heterogeneity of 18F-FDG PET images with treatment response in locally advanced rectal cancer: A feasibility study
Authors: Martin-Gonzalez Paula , de Mariscal Estibaliz Gomez , Martino M. Elena , Gordaliza Pedro M. , Peligros Isabel , Carreras Jose Luis , Calvo Felipe A. , Pascau Javier , Desco Manuel , Muñoz-Barrutia Arrate
Published: November 2020

Background and purpose

Few tools are available to predict tumor response to treatment. This retrospective study assesses visual and automatic heterogeneity from 18F-FDG PET images as predictors of response in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Methods

This study included 37 LARC patients who underwent an 18F-FDG PET before their neoadjuvant therapy. One expert segmented the tumor from the PET images. Blinded to the patient´s outcome, two experts established by consensus a visual score for tumor heterogeneity. Metabolic and texture parameters were extracted from the tumor area. Multivariate binary logistic regression with cross-validation was used to estimate the clinical relevance of these features. Area under the ROC Curve (AUC) of each model was evaluated. Histopathological tumor regression grade was the ground-truth.

Results

Standard metabolic parameters could discriminate 50.1% of responders (AUC = 0.685). Visual heterogeneity classification showed correct assessment of the response in 75.4% of the sample (AUC = 0.759). Automatic quantitative evaluation of heterogeneity achieved a similar predictive capacity (73.1%, AUC = 0.815).

Conclusion

A response prediction model in LARC based on tumor heterogeneity (assessed either visually or with automatic texture measurement) shows that texture features may complement the information provided by the metabolic parameters and increase prediction accuracy.
3D printing of bioreactors in tissue engineering: A generalised approach
Authors: Gensler Marius , Leikeim Anna , Möllmann Marc , Komma Miriam , Heid Susanne , Müller Claudia , Boccaccini Aldo R. , Salehi Sahar , Groeber-Becker Florian , Hansmann Jan
Published: November 2020

3D printing is a rapidly evolving field for biological (bioprinting) and non-biological applications. Due to a high degree of freedom for geometrical parameters in 3D printing, prototype printing of bioreactors is a promising approach in the field of Tissue Engineering. The variety of printers, materials, printing parameters and device settings is difficult to overview both for beginners as well as for most professionals. In order to address this problem, we designed a guidance including test bodies to elucidate the real printing performance for a given printer system. Therefore, performance parameters such as accuracy or mechanical stability of the test bodies are systematically analysed. Moreover, post processing steps such as sterilisation or cleaning are considered in the test procedure. The guidance presented here is also applicable to optimise the printer settings for a given printer device. As proof of concept, we compared fused filament fabrication, stereolithography and selective laser sintering as the three most used printing methods. We determined fused filament fabrication printing as the most economical solution, while stereolithography is most accurate and features the highest surface quality. Finally, we tested the applicability of our guidance by identifying a printer solution to manufacture a complex bioreactor for a perfused tissue construct. Due to its design, the manufacture via subtractive mechanical methods would be 21-fold more expensive than additive manufacturing and therefore, would result in three times the number of parts to be assembled subsequently. Using this bioreactor we showed a successful 14-day-culture of a biofabricated collagen-based tissue construct containing human dermal fibroblasts as the stromal part and a perfusable central channel with human microvascular endothelial cells. Our study indicates how the full potential of biofabrication can be exploited, as most printed tissues exhibit individual shapes and require storage under physiological conditions, after the bioprinting process.
Digital Information Needs for Understanding Cell Divisions in the Human Body
Authors: Amani Jamal  , Asmaa Munshi  , Aljojo Nahla , Talal Qadah  , Azida Zainol
Published: November 2020

Information needs for understanding cell divisions in the human body is important in the learning process. Although sketches, images and blocks of 3D puzzles were used for teaching and learning, unfortunately those tools are static and incapable of being manipulated. Hence, digital information is the best tool for the teaching and learning of cell divisions in the human body via software applications. A cell motion is a digital information application developed using leap motion to demonstrate cell movement in the human body. However, the factors that influence students towards adopting this application are not obvious and often ignored.  The method for evaluating the factors influencing its user’s acceptance is the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) via a questionnaire distributed among medical students to gain statistically valid quantitative results through hypothesis-testing. The result indicates that digital information needs for the understanding of cell divisions in the human body are influenced by the user’s Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU) and Perceived Usefulness (PU). However, the Attitude (AT) towards use did have a significant effect on PU and PEOU. Moreover, PEOU had a strong and significant influence on PU, while AT positively influenced users’ behavioural intention (BI) of using digital information needs for the understanding of cell divisions in the human body.
Enhancing Performance of a Deep Neural Network: A Comparative Analysis of Optimization Algorithms
Authors: Fatima Noor
Published: November 2020

Adopting the most suitable optimization algorithm (optimizer) for a Neural Network Model is among the most important ventures in Deep Learning and all classes of Neural Networks. It’s a case of trial and error experimentation. In this paper, we will experiment with seven of the most popular optimization algorithms namely: sgd, rmsprop, adagrad, adadelta, adam, adamax and nadam on four unrelated datasets discretely, to conclude which one dispenses the best accuracy, efficiency and performance to our deep neural network. This work will provide insightful analysis to a data scientist in choosing the best optimizer while modelling their deep neural network.
Bandas sonoras y herramientas TIC como ejes principales de la didáctica de la música para futuros maestros de Educación Primaria. Recursos facilitados en el área «Fundamentos de la Educación Musical»
Authors: Martín Félez David
Published: November 2020

El objetivo principal de este artículo es dar a conocer la importancia de la música que nos ofrecen distintos portales, aplicaciones informáticas, así como fragmentos de bandas sonoras, a la hora de poder ofrecer didácticamente la asignatura «Fundamentos de la Educación Musical» a los alumnos de tercero del Grado en Magisterio en Educación Primaria, y que les pueden ser útiles en su futura vida profesional. La metodología está basada en elegir fragmentos significativos de obras musicales que deben conocer, así como en ofrecerles una serie de recursos donde la música se mezcla con distintas herramientas TIC, que hacen que el enseñar y aprender música sea más significativo y más cercano a los futuros docentes, y que además les pueda servir para utilizarlas con otras áreas de las que se puedan llegar a hacer cargo. La conclusión es que la utilización de la música de los medios audiovisuales y de herramientas informáticas, que posibilita la adquisición de los contenidos musicales de manera más atractiva al alumnado, puede ser el camino para mejorar la educación del siglo XXI universitaria, y de un alumnado de Primaria que tenga una mayor, mejor y más amplia y abierta cultura musical.
Az optimális ár meghatározásának módszere az értékteremtés szolgálatában (The method of determining the optimal price for the service of value creation)
Authors: Kovács Nikoletta
Published: November 2020

A tanulmány a mikroökonómia eszközrendszerét és a hazai gépjárműpiac 2013-as adatait segítségül hívva egy új módszert mutat be az ármeghatározás területén. A kutatás központi kérdése az, hogy hol található az a pont, amikor a fogyasztó elégedett a kínált minőséggel és árral – lehetőleg megfelelő időben – és a vállalat is elégedett a megszerzett profittal. A tanulmányban tehát az ármeghatározás során központi szerepet játszik a minőség és az idő, mint értékteremtő funkció. Az elemzés egyik legfőbb következtetése, hogy a profitmaximumból levezetett optimális ár a minőség és az idő különböző paraméterei mellett meghatározható. A módszer segítségével a vállalatok közgazdasági eszközrendszer segítségével kapnak egy új szemléletet működési paramétereik és egyben versenyprioritásaik (ár, költség, minőségszint, idő) felállításához. _____ The study points to a new method for determining price with the tools of microeconomics and data of the Hungarian car market. The focus of the research is on where to find the point where the consumer is satisfied with the quality and price offered – preferably right time – and the company is satisfied with the profit achieved. In this study, therefore, in setting prices plays a central role the quality and time as a value-added feature. One of the main conclusions of the analysis is that the optimal price can be determined by various parameters of the quality and time. The method of using the economic tools help companies get a new perspective and to set up their optimal operating parameters (price, cost, quality level, time).