bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sensor Placement in a Hydraulic Drive System
Authors: Mikota Gudrun , Scheidl Rudolf , Haas Rainer
Published: November 2022

Hydraulic drive systems consist of hydraulic and mechanical components, whose dynamic behavior is coupled by fluid-structure interaction. The validation of hydraulic drive models relies on an appropriate placement of pressure and vibration sensors. Based on a vibroacoustical approximation of the model, this question can be treated by potential and kinetic energy related modal assurance criteria (POTMAC and KINMAC). In this paper, the KINMAC criterion is applied for the sensor placement problem in a hydraulic drive system. The system consists of a valve block, a pipeline with fluid-structure interaction, a double-acting cylinder, and a mass attached to the piston. Modal analysis of a distributed parameter model is carried out for theoretical assessment of the sensor placement along the pipeline. The resulting mode shapes are used to calculate the auto-KINMAC matrix, which is expected to be diagonal. The same type of assessment is made with mode shapes from a modal test. Under the limitations of the given sensor placement, the distributed parameter model is validated by the KINMAC matrix of mode shapes from theory and experiment. Based on the model, alternative sensor distributions with different sensor locations are investigated.
Active Damping of a Hydrostatic Steering Circuit for an Articulated Vehicle
Authors: Olesen Emil Nørregård , Andersen Torben Ole , Ennemark Poul
Published: November 2022

This paper investigates the steering performance of an articulated vehicle with a hydrostatic steering circuit, where the objective is to evaluate the steering performance and comfort level of the vehicle with and without active damping. The steering system is based on a hydraulic actuated system, which response often is underdamped. The operator of such a vehicle is placed on top of the articulation point and the hydraulic cylinders, which then directly translates the underdamped cylinder oscillations into undesired lateral motion of the operator. Active damping is therefore a promising concept for increasing the comfort level of the hydraulic steering circuit.
Intensification of subhourly heavy rainfall
Authors: Ayat Hooman , Evans Jason P. , Sherwood Steven C. , Soderholm Joshua
Published: November 2022

Short-duration rainfall extremes can cause flash flooding with associated impacts. Previous studies of climate impacts on extreme precipitation have focused mainly on daily rain totals. Subdaily extremes are often generated in small areas that can be missed by gauge networks or satellites and are not resolved by climate models. Here, we show a robust positive trend of at least 20% per decade in subhourly extreme rainfall near Sydney, Australia, over 20 years, despite no evidence of trends at hourly or daily scales. This trend is seen consistently in storms tracked using multiple independent ground radars, is consistent with rain-gauge data, and does not appear to be associated with known natural variations. This finding suggests that subhourly rainfall extremes may be increasing substantially faster than those on more widely reported time scales.
Comment on “Models predict planned phosphorus load reduction will make Lake Erie more toxic”
Authors: Huisman Jef , Dittmann Elke , Fastner Jutta , Schuurmans J. Merijn , Scott J. Thad , Van de Waal Dedmer B. , Visser Petra M. , Welker Martin , Chorus Ingrid
Published: November 2022

Hellweger
et al
. (Reports, 27 May 2022, pp. 1001) predict that phosphorus limitation will increase concentrations of cyanobacterial toxins in lakes. However, several molecular, physiological, and ecological mechanisms assumed in their models are poorly supported or contradicted by other studies. We conclude that their take-home message that phosphorus load reduction will make Lake Erie more toxic is seriously flawed.
Improving antitumor T cells
Authors: Zebley Caitlin C. , Youngblood Ben
Published: November 2022

Disrupting cell cycle regulators can overcome anticancer T cell dysfunction
Be the voice for scientists in Iran
Authors: Madani Navid
Published: November 2022

Iran’s fundamentalist government has long feared students and academics, because independent thinking and inquiry are at odds with the extreme rhetoric of a repressive religious regime that discourages questioning or testing—especially when those asking questions are women. But when the Iranian “morality police” beat 22-year-old Mahsa Amini to death in September for wearing “un-Islamic clothing,” they unintentionally restored the long-silent voices of Iranian students, scholars, and scientists.
In Science Journals
Authors: Lopez Bianca , VanHook Annalisa M. , Smith H. Jesse , Kelly Priscilla N. , Smith Keith T. , Vinson Valda , Grocholski Brent , Jiang Di , Alderton Gemma , Vignieri Sacha , Lavine Marc S. , Williams Ifor , Fogg Christiana N.
Published: November 2022

Highlights from the
Science
family of journals
Rapid Bactericidal Activity of SC5005 Combined with Docosahexaenoic Acid against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Persisters and Biofilms
Authors: Yeo Hui-Hui , Shiau Chung-Wei , Jao Yu-Hsuan , Wan Tsai-Wen , Chiu Hao-Chieh
Published: November 2022

Staphylococcus aureus
can form persister cells and biofilms, making the treatment difficult and often leading to recurrent infections. In an effort to discover new anti-staphylococcal agents, we observed that oleic acid enhances the activity of a new antibacterial agent, SC5005, against
S. aureus
and MRSA strains.
Genomic Diversity of Campylobacter lari Group Isolates from Europe and Australia in a One Health Context
Authors: Gourmelon Michele , Boukerb Amine M. , Nabi Nesrine , Banerji Sangeeta , Joensen Katrine G. , Serghine Joelle , Cormier Alexandre , Megraud Francis , Lehours Philippe , Alter Thomas , Ingle Danielle J. , Kirk Martyn D. , Nielsen Eva M.
Published: November 2022

Currently, relatedness between bacterial isolates impacting human health is easily monitored by molecular typing methods. These approaches rely on discrete loci or whole-genome sequence (WGS) analyses.
Campylobacter lari
is an emergent human pathogen isolated from diverse ecological niches, including fecal material from humans and animals, aquatic environments, and seafood.
Transcriptomic and Functional Approaches Unveil the Role of tmRNA in Zinc Acetate Mediated Levofloxacin Sensitivity in Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Tao Hongjin , Meng Fansen , Zhou Yu , Fan Jiao , Liu Jing , Han Yingjie , Sun Benjamin B. , Wang Gangshi
Published: November 2022

Helicobacter pylori
(
H. pylori
) eradication plays an important role in gastric cancer prevention, but the antimicrobial resistance of
H. pylori
is fast becoming a growing concern. In this study, we investigated the role of zinc acetate in inhibiting
H. pylori
growth and modulating antibiotic sensitivities
in vitro
.
Metabolic Engineering and Adaptive Evolution for Efficient Production of
l
-Lactic Acid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Zhu Pan , Luo Rui , Li Yize , Chen Xiulai
Published: November 2022

Saccharomyces cerevisiae
is one of the most widely engineered cell factories for the production of organic acids. However, microbial production of
l
-lactic acid is limited by its intrinsic inefficiency of cellular metabolism in
S. cerevisiae
.
Global Downregulation of Penicillin Resistance and Biofilm Formation by MRSA Is Associated with the Interaction between Kaempferol Rhamnosides and Quercetin
Authors: He Xinlong , Zhang Wenwen , Cao Qingchao , Li Yinyue , Bao Guangyu , Lin Tao , Bao Jiaojiao , Chang Caiwang , Yang Changshui , Yin Yi , Xu Jiahui , Ren Zhenyu , Jin Yingshan , Lu Feng
Published: November 2022

In this study, the synergistic antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of the traditional herb
C. ambrosioides
L. and the classic antibiotic penicillin G on MRSA provide a potential strategy to deal with the rapid development of MRSA antibiotic resistance. This study also provides a theoretical basis for further optimizing the combined effect of kaempferol rhamnosides, quercetin, and penicillin G and exploring anti-MRSA biofilm infection research with SarA and σB as drug targets.
Causality Verification for the Correlation between the Presence of Nonstarter Bacteria and Flavor Characteristics in Soft-Type Ripened Cheeses
Authors: Unno Ryosuke , Suzuki Toshihiro , Osaki Yumika , Matsutani Minenosuke , Ishikawa Morio
Published: November 2022

Our previous study revealed that the existence of various bacteria, such as lactic acid bacteria,Actinobacteria, andProteobacteria, clearly correlated with the abundance of flavor components, such as volatile compounds, in soft-type ripened cheeses via a multiomics approach that used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. However, this approach only showed correlations derived from statistical analyses rather than causal relationships.
Localized Unipolar Shear Deformation Autowaves in a Nonequilibrium Paramagnet
Authors: Sazonov S. V.
Published: November 2022

It is shown that a nanosecond unipolar soliton-like pulse of the type of a localized shear deformation autowave propagating perpendicular to the magnetic field can be formed in a cubic paramagnetic crystal subjected to longitudinal static deformation in the direction of external magnetic field. The influx of the energy stored in paramagnetic ions into the pulse due to the nonequilibrium initial population of their stationary quantum states is compensated by irreversible losses caused by pulse damping due to its interaction with thermal lattice vibrations, defects, and microinhomogeneities.
Radiation management of a late thoracic metastasis from an intracranial solitary fibrous tumour
Authors: Patel Arjun , Palma David , Sangle Nikhil , Zayed Sondos
Published: November 2022

Solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs) are a rare soft tissue sarcoma. We present a case of a male patient with an SFT of the right posterior fossa, with a late metastasis to the right lung and chest wall identified 18 years later.

A small number of late metastases of SFTs have previously been reported. Metastases are typically managed surgically, although there is limited evidence suggesting that radiotherapy may be effective for primary SFTs.

In this case, the patient declined treatment for his metastasised cancer for 5 years. He then only agreed to radiation treatment without surgery, which uniquely resulted in excellent symptom relief and durable local control. This case illustrates the importance of further research on the role of radiation in managing SFTs, the value of long-term follow-up and the necessity of exploring barriers to care.

This case also highlights issues regarding barriers to care related to late diagnoses of recurrence in rare tumours. In this case, at the time of recurrence the original tissue blocks were not available for review. The patient had moved to a different province where his former records were not easily accessible, and the original tissue blocks had been discarded. In that jurisdiction, laboratories must keep cytology slides for 5 years, histopathology slides for 10 years and paraffin blocks for 2 years. This contributed to a misdiagnosis of the recurrence as an Ewing sarcoma, resulting in the patient initially declining treatment at the time of disease recurrence, and leading to a long-standing mistrust of his physicians which impacted his decision-making.
Transitioning from hospital to home with non-invasive ventilation: who benefits? Results of a cohort study
Authors: Fox Benjamin Daniel , Bondarenco Marina , Shpirer Isaac , Natif Noam , Perl Sivan
Published: November 2022

Background

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is effective in a variety of acute respiratory illnesses in hospitalised patients. Home NIV is effective for stable patients with hypercapnia due to neuromuscular or chronic pulmonary disease. However, there are little data to guide which patients may benefit from NIV immediately following hospitalisation with hypercapnia.

Objective

To evaluate outcomes of patients with daytime hypercapnia at the end of an acute hospital admission.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Participants

Entry into the cohort was by querying the hospital electronic medical system for consultations regarding NIV after discharge. Cases received NIV and controls did not. We extracted data on demographics, ICD-9 diagnoses and medications coded at admission, blood gas measurements and dates of discharge, first readmission and death.

Intervention

None.

Main measurement

Time from hospital discharge to mortality or readmission.

Key results

We identified 585 cases and 53 controls who survived to discharge at the index admission. Cases and controls were broadly similar in age and Charlson Comorbidity Index. In the whole cohort, cases treated with home NIV were at increased risk of death compared with controls (HR 1.88 95% CI 1.17 to 3.03). In multivariate Cox regression for all-cause mortality, poor prognostic factors were increasing age (HR 1.03 per year, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.04), cardiac failure (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.67) and failure to attend NIV follow-up (HR 2.33, 95% CI 1.33 to 4.10). In contrast, chronic respiratory disease was associated with improved prognosis (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.97) as was sleep apnoea (HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.83). Cases did not have different time-to-readmission compared with controls (HR 1.42 95% CI 0.99 to 2.02).

Conclusion

Transitioning to home NIV after a hypercapnic hospitalisation may be useful in younger, co-operative patients with chronic respiratory disease. For older patients or those with cardiac failure, home NIV may not be beneficial and may potentially be harmful.
Relationship of Aboriginal family wellbeing to social and cultural determinants, Central Australia: ‘Waltja tjutangku nyakunytjaku’
Authors: Wright Alyson , Davis Vanessa Napaltjarri , Brinckley Makayla-May , Lovett Raymond , Thandrayen Joanne , Yap Mandy , Sanders William , Banks Emily
Published: November 2022

Objective

The objective of this study was to apply a strength-based approach to examine the relation of cultural and social determinants to high family functioning for Aboriginal people in Central Australia.

Design

Cross-sectional study involving a quantitative analysis of survey data. Prevalence rate ratios (PRs) and 95% CIs were calculated from binomial regressions, adjusted for gender and age. Qualitative data from workshops with Aboriginal leaders in Central Australia supported the interpretation of the research findings.

Participants

The study involved 639 Aboriginal people in Central Australia who participated in the Mayi Kuwayu Study.

Result

Overall, 57.9% (370/639) of participants reported high/very high family functioning, 16.9% (108/639) reported moderate and 13.3% (85/639) reported low. The adjusted prevalence of family functioning was similar across gender, age groups and household sizes. Family functioning was associated with lower family financial status (aPR=0.74, 95% CI=0.60 to 0.91) and receiving welfare (0.88, 0.77 to 1.00). Family functioning was greater with high community cohesion (2.72, 1.68 to 4.39), high individual agency in community (2.15, 1.63 to 2.85); having an Aboriginal language as a first language (1.20, 1.04 to 1.37); speaking your Aboriginal language a lot (1.37, 1.12 to 1.68); high exposure to cultural practice and knowledge (1.45, 1.28 to 1.65); and multigenerational or extended family households (1.19, 1.02 to 1.38).

Conclusion

High family functioning is a strength in Central Australia and is intrinsically connected with culture. Healthcare providers and programmes that build on the foundations of culture and family are an important approach to improving wellbeing.
Luminescent N-aryl-heteroacene derivatives
Authors: Hiscock Lana K. , Patel Vishvam S. , Raj A. Mohan , Amoah Cephas , Talreja Aniket Jitendra , Skene W. G. , Maly Kenneth E.
Published: November 2022

The incorporation of heteroatoms into polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can alter their optical and electronic properties. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a series of N,N′-diaryl diazadioxatetrahydropentacenes (4a–e) as well as related N-phenyl azatrioxatetrahydropentacene and triazatetrahydrotetracene derivatives (5, 6) to investigate their photophysical properties and solid-state organization. These compounds were prepared from readily available compounds via a concise approach involving copper-catalyzed aryl amination, followed by nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The compounds display bright luminescence in solution and in the solid state and strong solvatochromism. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction of N,N′-aryl diazadioxatetrahydropentacenes (4b–d) revealed that all the compounds possessed nearly planar polycyclic aromatic systems with the pendant aryl groups nearly orthogonal to the pentacyclic core. Nonetheless, different substituents on the pendant aryl groups resulted in differences in photophysical properties because of differences in molecular geometries and solid-state packing. Interestingly, the N,N′-aryl diazadioxatetrahydropentacene bearing 2,6-dimethylphenyl groups attached to the nitrogen atoms (4d) gave two different polymorphs from the same solvent system, constituting a relatively rare example of concomitant polymorphism for such a rigid structure.
Complexation-induced N‒P axial chirality in Sm(II) N-phosphine oxide-substituted imidazolylidene and imidazolinylidene complexes
Authors: Hoshimoto Yoichi , Yamauchi Yasuhiro , Terada Tomoya , Ogoshi Sensuke
Published: November 2022

Two types of Sm(II) complexes bearing either an N-phosphine oxide-substituted imidazolylidene (PoxIm) or the corresponding imidazolinylidene (SPoxIm) were successfully prepared and characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The general formula of the structures of the complexes was found to be ( anti-κ-O-(S)PoxIm) nSmX2(THF) m where X = I, n = 2, and m = 2 or X = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, n = 1, and m = 0. The carbene carbon atoms remained intact in these complexes. In some cases, axial chirality was clearly induced around the N‒P bonds due to the restricted rotation of the N-phosphinoyl moieties, which arises from the formation of N-phosphinoyl oxygen‒Sm(II) bonds. This work highlights a rare example of complexation-induced N‒P axial chirality and new aspects regarding lanthanide complexes of multifunctional multipurpose carbenes.
A statistical censoring approach accounts for hook competition in abundance indices from longline surveys
Authors: Watson Joe , Edwards Andrew M. , Auger-Méthé Marie
Published: November 2022

Fishery-independent longline surveys provide valuable data to monitor fish populations. However, competition for bait on the finite number of hooks leads to biased estimates of relative abundance when using simple catch-per-unit-effort methods. Numerous bias-correcting instantaneous catch rate methods have been proposed, modelling the bait removal times as independent random variables. However, experiments have cast doubts on the many assumptions required for these to accurately infer relative abundance. We develop a new approach by treating some observations as right-censored, acknowledging that observed catch counts are lower bounds of what they would have been in the absence of hook competition. Through simulation experiments we confirm that our approach consistently outperforms previous methods. We demonstrate performance of all methods on longline survey data of 11 species. Accounting for hook competition leads to large differences in relative indices (often −50% to +100%), with effects of hook competition varying among species (unlike other methods). Our method can be applied using existing statistical packages and can include environmental influences, making it a general and reliable method for analyzing longline survey data.
Development of Hydroxyapatite Coating on Titanium Alloy for Orthopedic Applications
Authors: Kalpana M. , Nagalakshmi R. , Jeyakanthan M.
Published: November 2022

Titanium and its alloys have long been employed in biomedical applications due to its remarkable features, such as good bio-compatibility, resistance to bodily fluid effects, tremendous tensile strength, flexibility, and high corrosion resistance. If these materials are used as bio-implant, it releases toxic ions like aluminium and vanadium in the body fluid environment after implantation to overcome the problem Ti-6Al-4V alloy was coated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) which provides better bioactivity, osteocompatibility, and antibacterial activity. The present work is to synthesize HAp from snail shells using a simple wet precipitation method. The prepared SHAp was coated on the Ti-6Al-4V alloy using electro-deposition method. The coated alloy was characterized by various techniques such as FTIR, XRD, FESEM, EDAX, AFM and antibacterial activity. The spherical like structures was observed on the coated metal surface using FESEM. The potentiodynamic polarization study indicate that the breakdown potential (Eb) and repassivation potential (Ep) of uncoated sample was found to be 175.5 mV and −105.1 mV and for the coated sample was noticed at 357.2 mV and −50.2 mV respectively. The potential shift was moving towards the noble direction and it controls the rate of corrosion on coated Ti-6Al-4V. The zone of inhibition values were found to be 11.0 ± 0.45 mm for gram negative bacteria and 8.2 ± 0.28 mm for gram positive bacteria which was confirmed by the antibacterial activity study. The anti-bacterial activity of SHAp coated Ti-6Al-4V was superior to E. coli than Staphylococcus aureus. It is concluded that SHAp coated Ti-6Al-4V alloy may be considered a better material for orthopedic applications.
Electrical Characteristics of Thermally Stable Ag–Pd–Cu Alloy Schottky Contacts on n-Al0.6Ga0.4N
Authors: Sim Kee-Baek , Kim Su-Kyung , Seong Tae-Yeon , Amano Hiroshi
Published: November 2022

We report the fabrication of high-barrier-height and thermally reliable Schottky contacts to n-Al0.6Ga0.4N by using an Ag-Pd-Cu (APC) alloy. The Schottky barrier heights (SBHs) and ideality factors computed using the current-voltage (I–V) model ranged from 0.82 to 0.97 eV and from 3.15 to 3.44, respectively. The barrier inhomogeneity model and capacitance-voltage (C–V) method yielded higher SBHs (1.62–2.19 eV) than those obtained using the I–V model. The 300 °C-annealed APC sample exhibited more uniform electrical characteristics than the 500 °C-annealed Ni/Au Schottky samples (each with the best Schottky behavior). Furthermore, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) results indicated that the APC Schottky contacts were more thermally stable than the Ni/Au contacts. On the basis of the X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) results, the improved Schottky characteristics of the APC alloy contacts are described and discussed.
Bibliometric Analysis of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) Application in Land Subsidence from 2000 to 2021
Authors: Wu Yuanzhe , Liu Chang , Zhang Qian , Ge Linlin
Published: November 2022

Land subsidence is one of the serious natural disasters which can cause heavy casualties and economic losses. As a vital method, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) can provide quick and efficient solutions for analysis. Currently, most reviews on InSAR application in land subsidence only focused on single types of land areas, such as the land around groundwater and land of the mining area. There is a lack of discussion on all types of land areas. This study thus aims at conducting a bibliometric literature analysis of the existing literature from 2000 to 2021 to fill this gap. The authors used scientific mapping methods to analyze the InSAR applications in land subsidence so that researchers and practitioners can comprehend the procedure. Then, the authors identified the major research areas, development milestones, evolutionary stages, and the transaction dynamics of evolutionary stages. Knowledge maps of five aspects were applied and analyzed in this research, including temporal development analysis, countries and institutions, major research disciplines, high-frequency terms, and cocitation of high-citation papers. The results reveal that the research of land subsidence monitoring with InSAR is in the stage of diffusion from developing many tools and techniques to integrating with other research areas. Overall, the bibliometric results combined with evolutionary stages provide a holistic picture of the status quo and future trends in InSAR application in land subsidence.
The Value of Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio Combined with Red Blood Cell Distribution Width in Evaluating the Prognosis of Emergency Patients with Sepsis
Authors: Lin Maosheng , Zhang Louwei , Tang Xuhua , Tang Yejiang
Published: November 2022

Sepsis is a dysfunction of various organs caused by a dysfunctional host response induced by infection. In recent years, the mortality rate of sepsis patients, especially the mortality rate of septic shock patients still remains high. Due to the complexity and heterogeneity of sepsis, there is currently a lack of clinical biomarkers that can be widely used for the early assessment of sepsis. In order to find more concise and accurate biomarkers for timely and adequate intervention in sepsis, we explored the value of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) combined with red blood cell distribution width (RDW) in assessing the prognosis of emergency sepsis patients. The results showed that NLR and RDW were closely related to the prognosis of emergency sepsis patients. The combination of the two can evaluate the prognosis of patients with emergency sepsis, which deserves close attention from clinicians.
Identification of Malassezia globosa as a Gastric Fungus Associated with PD-L1 Expression and Overall Survival of Patients with Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zhang Zhenzhan , Qiu Yaopeng , Feng Hao , Huang Donghua , Weng Binshu , Xu Zhou , Xie Qingfeng , Wang Zhe , Ding Wenfu , Li Guoxin , Liu Hao
Published: November 2022

Background. Microbiotas affected the prognosis of cancer patients by regulating programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression. However, the relationship between gastric fungi and PD-L1 expression is still unclear in gastric cancer (GC). We aimed at exploring the association of gastric fungi with PD-L1 expression and overall survival in GC. Methods. A total of 61 GC patients were divided into the two groups based on the PD-L1 combined positive scores (CPS). Fungal profiling was performed by internal transcribed spacer rDNA sequencing, and the survival analyses were performed by Kaplan-Meier curves. Results. We observed a taxonomic difference of fungi between the PD-L1-High (

C
P
S
≥
10

) and PD-L1-Low group (

C
P
S
<
10

) by principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) (

P
=
0.014

for Bray-Curtis and

P
=
0.042

for Jaccard). Malassezia had a higher abundance in the PD-L1-High group compared to the PD-L1-Low group (

P
=
0.045

). Malassezia globosa elevated significantly in the PD-L1-High group. GC patients with PD-L1 low expression and low abundance of Malassezia globosa had a longer overall survival (OS) than others (

P
=
0.047

). Malassezia globosa was associated with PD-L1 expression (

O
d
d
s
 
R
a
t
i
o
=
3.509

, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.056-11.656,

P
=
0.040

). Malassezia globosa was associated with the tumor size (

P
=
0.031

) and PD-L1 status (

P
=
0.024

). GC patients with a high abundance of Malassezia globosa had shorter OS than others (

P
=
0.028

). Malassezia globosa was an independent factor (

H
a
z
a
r
d
 
R
a
t
i
o
=
3.080

, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.140-8.323,

P
=
0.027

) for OS after adjusting for tumor stage. Malassezia globosa was figured out to be associated with- fatty acid and lipid biosynthesis and degradation via LIPASYN pathway. Conclusions. Malassezia globosa was identified as a PD-L1 expression-associated gastric fungus and associated with OS of GC patients, which calls for more studies to further explore its potential in PD-L1/PD-1 targeted immunotherapy.
GC-IMS-Based Preliminary Analysis of Volatile Flavor Compounds in Ejiao at Different Processing Stages
Authors: Ma Ning , Guan Rui , Zhao Rentang , Geng Yue
Published: November 2022

In order to find out the changes of flavor substances in the processing of Colla corii asini (Ejiao) and provide reference for the flavor and quality control in the production of Ejiao, gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) was used to analyze the Ejiao products in different processing stages and establish the fingerprint. The differences among these stages were analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis, and the mechanism underlying volatile flavor compound formation was explored by discriminant analysis of Ejiao at different processing stages. The results indicated that Ejiao contains 47 volatile flavor compounds at different processing stages; they mainly include aldehydes, alcohols, esters, ketones, dimethyl disulfide, thiazole, and pyrazines. During Ejiao processing, the formation of these substances is mainly attributable to the Maillard reaction, amino acid or protein-oxidized lipid interaction, lipid oxidation and degradation, and long-chain compound degradation during heating. Principal component analysis results showed that volatile flavor compounds could be used to distinguish different Ejiao processing stages. The current results provide some reference for flavor and quality control of Ejiao products.
Comparison of Mechanical Properties and Sensitivity of Compressive and Flexural Strength of Artificial Frozen Sand
Authors: Chen Junhao , Li Han , Lian Lijin , Lu Gen
Published: November 2022

Some zones of freezing curtains of subway contact channels are subjected to compression and tension. Thus, understanding the mechanical properties and relationship between the compressive and flexural strengths of frozen soil is crucial. In this regard, this study considered sandy soil from Fuzhou as an example to perform uniaxial compressive and three-point flexural strength tests under different moisture content and curing conditions. The results showed that the uniaxial compressive and three-point flexural strengths of frozen soil were directly correlated with the moisture content and inversely correlated with curing temperature. Moreover, the compressive strength was significantly higher than the flexural strength, and the ratio was between 1.68 and 3.41. The sensitivity analysis for two factors affecting the strength was performed using the grey correlation analysis method. The moisture content showed a stronger effect on the uniaxial compressive strength of frozen sand. In contrast, the curing temperature substantially affected the three-point flexural strength. This study provides a reference for optimizing the freezing scheme for subway connection channels.
Oxidative Phosphorylation-Related Signature Participates in Cancer Development, and PTPRG Overexpression Suppresses the Cancer Progression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Huang Liang , Xie Yu , Han Weiqing , Jiang Shusuan , Zeng Lingfeng
Published: November 2022

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) was a common cancer type diagnosed with frequent metastases, harboring an unfavorable therapeutic response, and results in a poor prognosis. More promising therapeutic targets are urgently required for treating ccRCC. This study was conducted to explore the role of oxidative phosphorylation in ccRCC development and reveal its clinical potential. We first identified oxidative phosphorylation-related clusters based on consensus clustering and validated their diversity in the genome instability, environmental infiltration, and immunosuppression by Gistic, ESTIMATE, GSVA, and TIDE web tools. We also compared their prognostic and clinical feature differences and predicted the IC50 level between the clusters using pRRophetic. Subsequently, we performed weighted gene coexpression network analysis to select cluster-related genes and performed functional analysis for them. The cluster-related genes were adopted to construct a risk score and nomogram for predicting patient prognosis with predictive accuracy evaluated. Finally, we performed lentivirus to induce ccRCC cell PTPRG overexpression and conducted western blot experiments to detect the critical protein expression of oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition processes. Also, the cell cycle and apoptosis level were evaluated by flow cytometry. As a result, we discovered that both the C1 cluster and high-risk group predicted patient survival with high accuracy and characterized lower survival rates, lower oxidative phosphorylation levels, higher immune infiltration, and malignant clinical features. Besides, we observed that overexpression of PTPRG activated oxidative phosphorylation and inhibited apoptosis. Its overexpression also depressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promoted G1/S cell cycle arrest. Comprehensively, we confirmed the anticancer role of oxidative phosphorylation in ccRCC cells and discovered its association with immune and immunosuppression. PTPRG was also identified as a potential therapeutic target due to its multiple anticancer effects. We believe this study discovered a novel mechanism of ccRCC pathological progression and will provide promising targets for therapeutic strategy development.
Experimental and Numerical Study on the Earthquake Damage of Spherical Bearings for Chinese High-Speed Railway Bridge
Authors: Kang Xin , Zhang Mingliang , Qin Hongxi , Zeng Leqiao , Peng Linna , Wang Xiaoxiang , Deng Libin , Hu Jia , Li Zhuo , Shao Guangqiang , Lin Qing
Published: November 2022

Spherical bearings are widely applied in high-speed railway bridges (HSRBs) in China. The experimental and computational analyses were carried out to help understand the damage mechanism of these bearings under earthquake loading. A shaking table test of scaled HSRB specimen (installed with spherical bearings) was performed under the simulated earthquake action, and the intensities were, respectively, 0.15 g, 0.20 g, 0.32 g, and 0.38 g (common intensities in China) of actual earthquakes in accordance with similarity relationships. After investigating and analyzing results of the shaking table test, it is shown that no damage occurred to movable bearings in all experimental earthquake scenarios, while slight damage could be found in fixed bearings at 0.32 g earthquake. Moreover, a finite element (FE) model of the prototype HSRB was established and validated. The damage degree of spherical bearings in stronger earthquakes (i.e., 0.40 g to 1.00 g) was studied through this validated FE model. The numerical results showed that the fixed bearing was completely damaged at 0.80 g earthquake, while only moderate damage occurred to the movable bearing at that intensity.
Hemangiopericytoma/Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Parietal Bone: A Case Report
Authors: Neto Ana Rita Dias , Leite Regina , Rothwell David , Roda Domingos , Sousa Claudia , Henriques Mónica , Alves Paula
Published: November 2022

Hemangiopericytoma/solitary fibrous tumor (HPC/STF) is a rare tumor arising from Zimmerman’s pericytes and it is characterized by an aggressive malignancy, with a high tendency for local and distant recurrence. The authors report the case of a middle-aged woman with HPC/SFT of the right parietal bone, which is an extremely rare primary location of involvement. The patient presented with a painful deformity of insidious growth at the right parietal region. Assessment with cranial computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an expansive lesion at the right parietal bone, with exocranial extension and 27 mm of maximal diameter. Craniotomy with gross tumor removal, duraplasty, and cranioplasty was performed, and the diagnosis of HPC/SFT, WHO grade III, was established by pathological and immunohistochemical analysis. The patient was then evaluated for adjuvant radiation therapy and received a dose of 60 Gy (2 Gy/fraction) with 3D conformal radiotherapy to the surgical bed. The adjuvant treatment was uneventful and, after 8 months of follow-up, there was no suspected local or distant recurrence. The rarity of this diagnosis, its aggressive behavior, and the lack of published data posed several challenges for the treatment management.
Successful Use of Conbercept to Treat Choroidal Neovascularization: A Case Report
Authors: Yang Jin , Liu Zheng , Liu Tao
Published: November 2022

Chronic urticaria is a dermatological condition characterized by the appearance of wheals or angioedema longer than 6 weeks. It could cause serious complications such as laryngeal edema, vasculitis, and diarrhea. However, the pathologic changes of the ocular fundus caused by chronic urticaria are rarely reported. In this study, we described the pathologic changes of ocular fundus in a patient with history of chronic urticaria and central serous chorioretinopathy. A 28-year-old female was presented with blurred vision and distorted images in her right eye for 6 days. The patient was diagnosed with choroidal neovascularization. She received an intravitreal injection of conbercept (0.5 mg/eye/time) monthly. Finally, no abnormality was found in her ocular examination after 4 months of first injection. In conclusion, chronic urticaria could cause central serous chorioretinopathy, leading to choroidal neovascularization. Intravitreal conbercept injection showed an excellent local therapeutic efficacy for this eye condition.
Association of the Bioimpedance Phase Angle and Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
Authors: Ono Yuichi , Kasukawa Yuji , Sasaki Kana , Miyakoshi Naohisa
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Osteoporosis patients with fragility fractures and vertebral deformities have impaired quality of life (QOL). The phase angle, an index calculated from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measurements, has been reported to be related to clinical outcomes, mortality, and QOL in various diseases. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the phase angle and QOL in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods: 81 female patients treated for postmenopausal osteoporosis from September 2019 to March 2020 underwent measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, body composition by BIA, and QOL by the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Results: The phase angle showed significant positive correlations with physical functioning (r = 0.270, p = 0.015) and physical component summary (PCS) (r = 0.251, p = 0.024) of the SF-36. The phase angle showed significant positive correlations with appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) (r = 0.456, p < 0.001), lumbar spine BMD (r = 0.241, p = 0.030), and femoral neck BMD (r = 0.26, p = 0.021) and a significant negative correlation with age (r = −0.526, p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis of the factors potentially associated with SF-36 PCS showed that the phase angle (r = 7.506, p = 0.012) was a significant contributor to PCS (R2 = 0.184). Conclusion: The phase angle in postmenopausal osteoporotic patients was significantly related to QOL after adjusting for age, BMI, ASMI, and BMD. As the phase angle is a parameter that can be measured easily and noninvasively, it might be a useful aid for QOL assessment in osteoporotic patients.
Ibrutinib and Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Focus on Atrial Fibrillation and Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias/Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: Boriani Giuseppe , Menna Pierantonio , Morgagni Riccardo , Minotti Giorgio , Vitolo Marco
Published: November 2022

Background: The natural history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was dramatically improved by the introduction of ibrutinib, a Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor. In this review, we aimed to summarize and critically evaluate the association between first- and second-generation BTK inhibitors and the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) and ventricular arrhythmias (VA). Summary: Since the first clinical experience, the development of AF was observed as the result of off-target effects that likely combined with patient’s predisposing risk factors and concomitant cardiac morbidities. More recently, both ibrutinib dose reduction and arrhythmia management allowed long-term treatment, with positive effects on progression-free survival and reduced all-cause mortality as well. Second-generation BTK inhibitors, acalabrutinib, and zanubrutinib have been tested and validated in CLL. A lower occurrence of AF as compared with ibrutinib has been found, although AF has always been a secondary endpoint of all studies that probed these agents. Key Messages: For this reason, caution should be exercised before concluding that second-generation BTK inhibitors are safer than ibrutinib. Recent data on the effectiveness of ibrutinib over a follow-up of 8 years show a remarkable benefit on all-cause mortality, which is of great value also for interpreting the clinical impact of the few cases of VA and sudden cardiac death (SCD) reported for ibrutinib, independently of QT lengthening. Since a risk of VA and SCD has been recently reported also during treatment with second-generation BTK inhibitors, it appears that this risk, usually reaching its maximum size effect at long-term follow-up, likely denotes a class effect of BTK inhibitors.
Traduzindo o título da obra Black Magic (1969): “Makumba”, uma Recriação Matrigestora
Authors: Peres Lilian Reina
Published: November 2022

Amiri Baraka foi um dos mais influentes escritores negros do século 20, tendo suas poesias, peças, ensaios e obras ficcionais amplamente publicados. Antes ativo membro da comunidade literária beat, Baraka começou um processo de desassociação do movimento, após ser pessoalmente impactado pelos turbulentos acontecimentos dos anos 1960, momento de transição ideológica que a obra trabalhada, Black Magic (1969), captura poeticamente. Nesse artigo, busco explorar como operar a tradução do título da obra por meio de uma perspectiva afrorreferenciada, isto é, tendo como referencial epistemológico-teórico o Mulherismo Africana e as teorias macumbeiras de Simas e Rufino (2019).
La reconceptualisation et l’adaptation d’expression en terminologie culturelle
Authors: Diagne Abibatou
Published: November 2022

L’étude propose de s’arrêter sur deux aspects fondamentaux développés en terminologie dans le cadre de l’approche culturelle : la reconceptualisation et l’adaptation d’expression. Ces deux notions sont au coeur de l’approche élaborée par Diki-Kidiri et al (2008). Elles sont les moyens par lesquels, en contexte africain, les locuteurs d’une langue peuvent se réapproprier une connaissance et l’adapter aux possibilités d’expression propres à cette langue. Dans un ouvrage collectif dirigé par Diki-Kidiri et al (2008), les auteurs proposent une démarche opératoire, c’est-à-dire communicative et ancrée dans les réalités socio-culturelles des communautés locutrices. Elle a des similitudes avec plusieurs autres approches en terminologie : communicative de Cabré (1998), socioterminologique de Gaudin (1993), sociocognitive de Temmerman (2000). La reconceptualisation et l’adaptation d’expression sont des procédés pour lesquels, les auteurs proposent des méthodes pratiques. Il faut toutefois bien constater que le champ d’application de la reconceptualisation demeure circonscrit parce que celle-ci se fonde presque exclusivement sur le percept. Sur le plan linguistique, les unités terminologiques perdent souvent une bonne partie de leur caractère spécialisé, donc terminologique, pour être des unités vulgarisées en raison de la dimension communicative de cette approche. Dans un premier temps, seront rappelés les éléments clés de la terminologie culturelle qui soutiennent la reconceptualisation et l’adaptation d’expression. Il sera ensuite question, sur la base d’études récentes faites en sciences cognitives Carey (2009), de souligner les limites d’une démarche axée sur le percept et d’insister, à la suite de Temmerman (2000), sur l’apport des recherches en linguistique cognitive à la terminologie. Le dernier point abordé concerne l’aspect formel des unités terminologiques qui, à notre sens, pourraient être plus que des unités vulgarisées. L’objectif est d’aller vers une terminologie culturelle qui ne se fonde pas que sur le percept et qui ne propose pas que des unités terminologiques vulgarisées.
Apolipoprotein A1 Protects Against Necrotic Core Development in Atherosclerotic Plaques: PDZK1-Dependent High-Density Lipoprotein Suppression of Necroptosis in Macrophages
Authors: Kluck George E.G. , Qian Alexander S. , Sakarya Emmanuel H. , Quach Henry , Deng Yak D. , Trigatti Bernardo L.
Published: November 2022

Background:

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease affecting artery wall and a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases. Large necrotic cores increase risk of plaque rupture leading to thrombus formation. Necrotic cores are rich in debris from dead macrophages. Programmed necrosis (necroptosis) contributes to necrotic core formation. HDL (high-density lipoprotein) exerts direct atheroprotective effects on different cells within atherosclerotic plaques. Some of these depend on the SR-B1 (scavenger receptor class B type I) and the adapter protein PDZK1 (postsynaptic density protein/Drosophila disc-large protein/Zonula occludens protein containing 1). However, a role for HDL in protecting against necroptosis and necrotic core formation in atherosclerosis is not completely understood.

Methods:

Low-density lipoprotein receptor–deficient mice engineered to express different amounts of ApoA1 (apolipoprotein A1), or to lack PDZK1 were fed a high fat diet for 10 weeks. Atherosclerotic plaque areas, necrotic cores, and key necroptosis mediators, RIPK3 (receptor interacting protein kinase 3), and MLKL (mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein) were characterized. Cultured macrophages were treated with HDL to determine its effects, as well as the roles of SR-B1, PDZK1, and the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) signaling pathway on necroptotic cell death.

Results:

Genetic overexpression reduced, and ApoA1 knockout increased necrotic core formation and RIPK3 and MLKL within atherosclerotic plaques. Macrophages were protected against necroptosis by HDL and this protection required SR-B1, PDZK1, and PI3K/Akt pathway. PDZK1 knockout increased atherosclerosis in LDLR
KO
mice, increasing necrotic cores and phospho-MLKL; both of which were reversed by restoring PDZK1 in BM-derived cells.

Conclusions:

Our findings demonstrate that HDL in vitro and ApoA1, in vivo, protect against necroptosis in macrophages and necrotic core formation in atherosclerosis, suggesting a pathway that could be a target for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
A new species of Anthurium Sect. Leptanthurium from Colombian Amazonia
Authors: LÓPEZ–FLORIANO OSCAR MAURICIO , CROAT THOMAS B. , CORREA-MUNERA MARCO A.
Published: November 2022

A new species of Anthurium sect. Leptanthurium is described and illustrated. It is compared with A. miritiparanaense, another endemic to the Colombian Amazonia as well as to A. raphaelense from Ecuador.