bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Boundedness and large time behavior of solutions of a higher-dimensional haptotactic system modeling oncolytic virotherapy
Authors: Zheng Jiashan , Ke Yuanyuan
Published: April 2023

This paper is concerned with the higher-dimensional haptotactic system modeling oncolytic virotherapy, which was initially proposed by Alzahrani–Eftimie–Trucu [Multiscale modelling of cancer response to oncolytic viral therapy, Math. Biosci. 310 (2019) 76–95] (see also the survey Bellomo–Outada et al. [Chemotaxis and cross-diffusion models in complex environments: Models and analytic problems toward a multiscale vision, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci. 32 (2022) 713–792]) to model the process of oncolytic viral therapy. We consider this problem in a bounded domain [Formula: see text] with zero-flux boundary conditions. Although the [Formula: see text]-norm of the extracellular matrix density [Formula: see text] is easily obtainable, the remodeling process still causes difficulty due to the deficiency of regularity for [Formula: see text]. Relying on some [Formula: see text]-estimate techniques, in this paper, under the mild condition on parameters, we finally established the existence of global-in-time classical solution, which is bounded uniformly. Moreover, the large time behavior of solutions to the problem is also investigated. Specially speaking, when [Formula: see text], the corresponding solution of the system decays to [Formula: see text] algebraically. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first results on boundedness and asymptotic behavior of the system in three-dimensional space.
An overview of new measurements of flow, chirality and vorticity from STAR experiment
Authors: Zhang Chunjian
Published: April 2023

In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, the properties of quark–gluon plasma (QGP) and complex dynamics of multi-scale processes in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) are studied by analyzing the final state produced particles in a variety of different ways. In these proceedings, we present an overview of new detailed measurements of flow, chirality and vorticity by the STAR experiment at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Furthermore, STAR’s future opportunities for the precision measurements on small systems, fixed-target (FXT) mode, and Beam Energy Scan (BES-II) program are discussed.
Comparisons of matrices with different elements but identical eigenvalues
Authors: Fosso Daren Sitchepping , Zamick Larry , Fan Castaly
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we show two matrices that have identical eigenvalues but different eigenfunctions. This shows that in obtaining two-body nuclear matrix elements empirically, it is not sufficient to consider only energy levels. Other quantities like transitions must also be included.
Hamiltonian sensitivity in calculating the electromagnetic moments and electroexcitation form factor for the sd nuclei using shell model with Skyrme–Hartree–Fock
Authors: Alswaidawi Omar A. , Alzubadi Ali A.
Published: April 2023

In this work, the nuclear electromagnetic moments for the ground and low-lying excited states for sd shell nuclei have been calculated, resulting in a revised database with 56 magnetic dipole moments and 41 electric quadrupole moments. The shell model calculations are performed for each sd isotope chain, considering the sensitivity of changing the sd two-body effective interactions USDA, USDE, CWH and HBMUSD in the calculation of the one-body transition density matrix elements. The calculations incorporate the single-particle wave functions of the Skyrme interaction to generate a one-body potential in Hartree–Fock theory to calculate the single-particle matrix elements. For most sd shell nuclei, the experimental data are well reproduced, except for those spans near the island of inversion. In order to interpret the structure of low-lying excited states, the electric quadrupole and magnetic dipole transition form factors and the corresponding reduced transition probabilities in the sd shell nuclei have also been calculated, for which the experimental data are available. The present results demonstrate the nuclear electromagnetic moments’ sensitivity to many forms of the understanding of nucleon–nucleon interactions and provide a crucial baseline for future improvements in conceptual calculations.
An Efficient Multi-Class Privacy-Preserving-Based Encryption Framework for Large Distributed Databases
Authors: Mohammed Gouse Sk. , Babu Burra Vijaya
Published: April 2023

This paper introduces a novel hybrid filter-based ensemble multi-class classification model for distributed privacy-preserving applications. The conventional privacy-preserving multi-class learning models have limited capacity to enhance the true positive rate, mainly due to computational time and memory constraints, as well as the static nature of metrics for parameter optimization and multi-class perturbation processes. In this research, we develop the proposed model on large medical and market databases with the aim of enhancing multi-party data confidentiality through a security framework during the privacy-preserving process. Moreover, we also introduce a secure multi-party data perturbation process to improve computational efficiency and privacy-preserving performance. Experimental results were evaluated on different real-time privacy-preserving datasets, such as medical and market datasets, using different statistical metrics. The evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed multi-party-based multi-class privacy-preserving model performs statistically better than conventional approaches.
K-NET+SEGAN-BASED SEGMENTATION WITH GANNET AQUILA OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM-ENABLED DEEP MAXOUT NETWORK FOR BRAIN TUMOR CLASSIFICATION USING MRI
Authors: ULAGANATHAN SAKTHI , CHEN THOMAS M. , SATHIYANARAYANAN MITHILEYSH
Published: April 2023

Segmentation and classification of brain tumor are time-consuming and challenging chore in clinical image processing. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) offers more information related to human soft tissues that assists in diagnosing brain tumor. Precise segmentation of the MRI images is vital to diagnose brain tumor by means of computer-aided medical tools. Afterwards suitable segmentation of MRI brain tumor images, tumor classification is performed that is a hard chore owing to complications. Therefore, Gannet Aquila Optimization Algorithm_deep maxout network (GAOA_DMN) and GAOA_K-Net+speech enhancement generative adversarial network (GAOA_K-Net+Segan) is presented for classification and segmentation of brain tumor utilizing MRI images. Here, pre-processing phase performs noise removal from input image utilizing the Laplacian filter and also the region of interest (ROI) extraction is also carried out. Then, segmentation of brain tumor is conducted by K-Net+Segan, which is combined by Motyka similarity. However, K-Net+Segan for segmentation is trained by GAOA that is an amalgamation of Gannet Optimization Algorithm (GOA) and Aquila Optimizer (AO). From segmented image, features are extracted for performing classification phase. At last, brain tumor classification is conducted by DMN, which is tuned by GAOA and thus, output is obtained. Furthermore, GAOA_K-Net+Segan obtained better outcomes in terms of segmentation accuracy whereas devised GAOA_DMN achieved maximum accuracy, true negative rate (TNR) and true positive rate (TPR) of 92.7%, 94.5% and 91.5%.
A stochastic SIS epidemic infectious diseases model with double stochastic perturbations
Authors: Chen Xingzhi , Tian Baodan , Xu Xin , Yang Ruoxi , Zhong Shouming
Published: April 2023

In this paper, a stochastic SIS epidemic infectious diseases model with double stochastic perturbations is proposed. First, the existence and uniqueness of the positive global solution of the model are proved. Second, the controlling conditions for the extinction and persistence of the disease are obtained. Besides, the effects of the intensity of volatility [Formula: see text] and the speed of reversion [Formula: see text] on the dynamical behaviors of the model are discussed. Finally, some numerical examples are given to support the theoretical results. The results show that if the basic reproduction number [Formula: see text], the disease will be extinct, that is to say that we can control the threshold [Formula: see text] to suppress the disease outbreak.
CHANGES IN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DURING FINANCIAL DISTRESS: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM THE 2007–2008 FINANCIAL CRISIS
Authors: HILLIARD JITKA , ZHANG HAORAN
Published: April 2023

We examine how changes in research and development expenditures (R&Ds) at the beginning of the 2008 financial crisis affected firms’ market performance immediately after the crisis. Our sample contains 2470 firms listed on NYSE and NASDAQ. We find that firms that increased their investment in R&Ds had higher risk-adjusted returns in 2009. The highest risk-adjusted returns were among firms that decreased dividends but increased their R&Ds and are associated with the firms’ managerial efforts before and during the crisis. These findings underscore the importance of investment in innovations even during severe cash constraints and document that firms benefit from preserving cash by cutting other than R&D expenses.
In-silicoDesign of Curcumin Analogs as Potential Inhibitors of Dengue Virus NS2B/NS3 Protease
Authors: Roney Miah , Huq AKM Moyeenul , Aluwi Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd , Tajuddin Saiful Nizam
Published: April 2023

Curcumin can interact with a variety of molecules implicated in a wide range of disorders. It can also hinder dengue virus’s (DENV’s) ability to infect cells. This work used computational analysis to identify and forecast the most potent curcumin analogs against the DENV NS2B/NS3 protease. In this study, curcumin-like compounds were screened using a rational in-silico study, with the least similarity score, docking analysis, and then additional screening for suitable pharmacokinetic properties. According to the findings, DB11672 has been identified as the primary inhibitor of DENV NS2B/NS3 protease. It is recommended that additional research be done on this antiviral property of the lead compound as a part of the process of finding and developing a new drug against DENV.
Quantitative analysis of Li, Na and K in single-element standard solutions using portable laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Schlatter Nils , Lottermoser Bernd G.
Published: April 2023

Laboratory-based laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) instruments have proven themselves for trace element analysis of an extensive range of elements. As portable devices have evolved greatly in recent years, new areas of field application are opening up. However, no portable LIBS (pLIBS) has yet been used for quantitative inorganic water analysis. The aim of this study was to explore whether pLIBS combined with a surface-enhanced liquid-to-solid conversion method can quantify light alkali element concentrations in standard solutions. Multivariate calibrations were performed with single-element standard solutions at detection limits of 0.006, 0.011 and 0.007 mg l
−1
for Li, Na and K, respectively. Coefficients of determination (
R
2
) for the calibration lines from 0.1 to 100 mg l
−1
for Li and Na, and 0.1 to160 mg l
−1
for K were between 0.96 and 0.99. It has been shown that the surface preparation technique used improves the homogeneity of the spread and shape of the evaporation residue and thus the accuracy and precision of the analysis. Hence, this study demonstrates that it is possible to quantify light alkali metals in single-element standard solutions in the range of 0.1 to 160 mg l
−1
using handheld LIBS.
Structural configuration and tectonics of the Flemish Cap, offshore Newfoundland, from newly acquired seismic reflection data
Authors: Yang Pei , Welford J. Kim
Published: April 2023

Although the Flemish Cap played a pivotal role in the opening of the North Atlantic, the tectonic history of this continental ribbon has been poorly constrained owing to insufficient seismic coverage. In this study, we present 13 newly acquired seismic reflection profiles over the Flemish Cap, on which seismic reflectors show highly variable seismic facies both on and beneath the top acoustic basement, with exceptional imaging of layered crustal structure. The upper crust is primarily characterized by transparent, chaotic amplitude reflectivity. The lower crust, particularly on the flanks of the cap, exhibits relatively bright and coherent reflection packages interpreted as Appalachian orogenic fabrics based on onshore–offshore correlations from pre-rift plate reconstructions. Extensional systems within the continental crust of the Flemish Cap record a transitional stage between Paleozoic orogenic collapse and pre-Jurassic rifting. The crustal architecture associated with Mesozoic rifting of the Flemish Cap is also mapped and the interpreted distinct rift domains display along-strike variations. Overall, the complex tectonic history of the Flemish Cap involved dominantly ductile deformation during the Paleozoic orogenic stage, multiple deformation styles (primarily ductile and brittle–ductile) during the orogen-to-rift transitional stage and brittle deformation during the major Jurassic–Cretaceous rifting stage.
Competitive Online Search Trees on Trees
Authors: Bose Prosenjit , Cardinal Jean , Iacono John , Koumoutsos Grigorios , Langerman Stefan
Published: April 2023

We consider the design of adaptive data structures for searching elements of a tree-structured space. We use a natural generalization of the rotation-based online binary search tree model in which the underlying search space is the set of vertices of a tree. This model is based on a simple structure for decomposing graphs, previously known under several names including elimination trees, vertex rankings, and tubings. The model is equivalent to the classical binary search tree model exactly when the underlying tree is a path. We describe an online
O
(log log
n
)-competitive search tree data structure in this model, where
n
is the number of vertices. This matches the best-known competitive ratio of binary search trees. Our method is inspired by Tango trees, an online binary search tree algorithm, but critically needs several new notions including one that we call Steiner-closed search trees, which may be of independent interest. Moreover, our technique is based on a novel use of two levels of decomposition, first from search space to a set of Steiner-closed trees and, second, from these trees into paths.
Beneficial effects of exercise initiated before development of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in genotype-positive mice
Authors: Andreassen Kristine , Rixon Chloe , Hansen Marie H. , Hauge-Iversen Ida Marie , Zhang Lili , Sadredini Mani , Erusappan Pugazendhi M. , Sjaastad Ivar , Christensen Geir , Haugaa Kristina H. , Edvardsen Thor , Lunde Ida G. , Stokke Mathis K.
Published: April 2023

Genotype-positive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) mice had beneficial effects of exercise initiated before phenotype development. Exercised HCM mice had increased exercise capacity, smaller left atria, no increase in hypertrophy, or reduction of function, and a similar degree of fibrosis despite reduction of central extracellular matrix (ECM) genes, including collagens, compared with sedentary HCM mice.
On the Adaptability and Effect of High Damping Rubber Bearings in the Seismic Resistance of Large Aqueducts
Authors: Zhang Duoxin , Yu Yang , Sun Kai , Shi Yanke
Published: April 2023

Being the critical hydraulic structure in the construction of national water diversion projects, the large-scale aqueduct is one of the indispensable buildings in the rational allocation of water resources. Moreover, its safe operation during an earthquake is related to the success of the national water network’s construction. In this paper, HDRBs (high damping rubber bearings) have been used as the seismic isolation device for the large aqueduct, considering the FSI (fluid solid interaction) between the water and the walls of the aqueduct, and the mechanical model of HDRBs has been constructed by the bilinear model. The dynamic responses of the large aqueduct under different ground motion excitations, including different peak ground accelerations (PGAs) and operating conditions, have been calculated using the precise integration method. At the same time, the influence of RB (rubber bearings) and HDRBs, two kinds of bearings, on the seismic response of the large aqueduct is compared and analyzed. The maximum reduction in natural frequency with HRDB is about 72%, compared with the use of RB under different working conditions. When there is substitution of HDRB for RB, the stresses in the concrete at the corresponding positions decrease from 1.87 MPa to about 0.71 MPa. The analysis shows that HDRBs are equipped with well seismic isolation and energy dissipation performance, which can effectively reduce the seismic responses and improve the seismic performance of the large aqueduct. In addition, it shows that HDRBs have well adaptability to different operating conditions, ground motion excitation, and PGA, which can be extended to the constructions of aqueduct projects with high seismic intensity and complex geological conditions.
Women’s Willingness to Pay for Mammography Screening under Two Medical Information Scenarios
Authors: Nosratnejad Shirin , Rahmani Shiva , Yousefi Mahmood , Moeeni Maryam
Published: April 2023

Objective. Secondary prevention of breast cancer (BC) helps diagnose the disease in the early stages and prevent disease progression. World Health Organization and the American Cancer Society consider early diagnosis as the best way to control BC. Mammography screening is the most sensitive and specific test that can be conducted along with the clinical examination for the early diagnosis of BC. However, like other tests, mammography is not a perfect test. The purpose of the present study is to measure willingness to pay (WTP) for mammography among a sample of women by providing each of them one of two scenarios describing medical information on the test. Methods. 450 women aged 35–55 years were assigned randomly into two groups of equal numbers in a quasi-experimental study conducted in Tabriz city, Iran. Each group was presented with one of the two designed scenarios. First scenario described the basic medical information on mammography as a good test of BC screening. The alternative scenario described some information on potential diagnostic errors of the mammography result alongside basic medical information about this test. The double bounded dichotomous choice method was used to extract women’s WTP for mammography under each scenario. Results. Based on the official currency exchange rate of 37000 IRR/USD, the mean WTP for BC screening with mammography was estimated as 30.5$ in the group receiving basic medical information and 26.8$ in the other group. However, the result of regression analysis revealed receiving information on potential diagnostic errors of mammography result did not lead to significant higher WTP for the test. The WTP for mammography raised significantly among older women, employed women, and those with higher level of education. Conclusion. The result of our study suggests that providing women with information about the potential diagnostic errors of mammography may not be correlated to economic value they give to this test. However, women with different individual status may reveal different economic value on mammography.
Fixed-Point Theorems Involving Lipschitz in the Small
Authors: Indrati Christiana Rini
Published: April 2023

Lipschitz in the small is a generalization of the Lipschitz condition. The Lipschitz condition guarantees the uniqueness of the solution of the initial value problems. A special Lipschitz condition in the small is a contraction in the small. Based on the Lipschitz in the small in this paper, fixed-point theorems involving contraction in the small will be presented. The results will be applied to develop Picard’s theorem.
Spatial–Temporal Variations in Parasitological Prevalence and Host-Related Risk Factors of Camel Trypanosomiasis and Its Vectors in North Eastern Kenya: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ogolla Kennedy O. , Chemuliti Judith K. , Wamwiri Florence N. , Auma Joanna E. , Kurgat Richard K. , Wanjala Kennedy B. , Mugunieri Lawrence G. , Alusi Phylis M. , Mdachi Raymond E. , Mukiria Phoebe W. , Okoth Sylvance O.
Published: April 2023

Camel trypanosomiasis (Surra) is endemic in the Horn of Africa. Understanding the spatiotemporal variations in Surra prevalence, vector dynamics, and host-related risk factors is important in developing effective control strategies. A repeated cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the Surra parasitological prevalence, livestock reservoirs, vector density/diversity, and host-related risk factors in Kenya. Random samples of 847, 1079, and 824 camels were screened at the start of the dry season, peak dry season, and during the rainy season, respectively. Blood samples were examined using the dark ground/phase contrast buffy-coat technique, and Trypanosoma species were identified based on their movement and morphology in wet and stained thin smears. Reservoir status for Trypanosoma evansi was assessed in 406 cattle and 372 goats. A rainy and dry seasons entomological surveys were conducted to determine the Surra vector abundance/diversity and spatiotemporal density changes. Surra prevalence was 7.1%, 3.4%, and 4.1% at the start of the dry season, peak dry season, and rainy season, respectively. Camel co-infections by Trypanozoon (T. evansi or Trypanosoma brucei brucei) and Trypanosoma vivax were recorded. Spatial variations in Surra prevalence were recorded at the beginning of dry (

X

7
,
N
=
846

2

=
110.9

,

p
≤
0.001

), peak dry (

X

7
,
N
=
1079

2

=
42.2

,

p
≤
0.001

), and rainy (

X

7
,
N
=
824

2

=
29.1

,

p
≤
0.001

) seasons. The screened cattle and goats tested negative for Trypanozoon (T. evansi or T. b. brucei), while two cattle tested positive for Trypanosoma congolense. Biting fly catches were composed of a single species from Tabanus, Atylotus, Philoliche, Chrysops, and Stomoxys genera. The total catches for Philoliche, Chrysops, and Stomoxys were higher in the rainy than dry season consistent with the prevalence results. Surra remains an important camel disease in the region with its prevalence varying in space and time. Camel co-infections by Trypanozoon (T. evansi or T. b. brucei) and T. vivax necessitate proper diagnosis of suspected cases and targeted therapy.
Communities Detection in Multiplex Networks Using Optimization: Study Case—Employment in Mexico during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Montes-Orozco Edwin , Mora-Gutiérrez Roman Anselmo , De-Los-Cobos-Silva Sergio Gerardo , Bernal-Jaquez Roberto , Rincón-García Eric Alfredo , Gutiérrez-Andrade Miguel Angel , Lara-Velázquez Pedro
Published: April 2023

The detection of communities in complex networks offers important information about the structure of the network as well as its dynamics. However, it is not an easy problem to solve. This work presents a methodology based of the robust coloring problem (RCP) and the vertex cover problem (VCP) to find communities in multiplex networks. For this, we consider the RCP idea of having a partial detection based onf the similarity of connected and unconnected nodes. On the other hand, with the idea of the VCP, we manage to minimize the number of groups, which allows us to identify the communities well. To apply this methodology, we present the dynamic characterization of job loss, change, and acquisition behavior for the Mexican population before and during the COVID-19 pandemic modeled as a 4- layer multiplex network. The results obtained when applied to test and study case networks show that this methodology can classify elements with similar characteristics and can find their communities. Therefore, our proposed methodology can be used as a new mechanism to identify communities, regardless of the topology or whether it is a monoplex or multiplex network.
Toxicity, Antibacterial, and Phytochemical Analyses of Antrocaryon klaineanum Pierre Extracts
Authors: Sima Obiang Cédric , Ndong Mba Thiery , Ondo Joseph Privat , Ngoua Meye Misso Rick Léonid , Orango Bourdette Juliette Ornely , Otogo N’Nang Elvis , Mbogho Abogho Joefred , Jolinom Mbot Elvis , Obame Engonga Louis Clément , Nsi Emvo Edouard
Published: April 2023

Medicinal plants are traditionally used in Gabon to treat several types of illnesses. The study’s purpose was to determine the toxic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects of Antrocaryon klaineanum Pierre extracts and to characterize their phytochemical compounds. Toxicity was evaluated on frog tadpoles (Phrynobatrachus africanus Hallowell). The microorganism susceptibility test was performed by the diffusion method, while minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were evaluated using the microdilution technique. Anti-inflammatory activity was tested through protein denaturation and membrane stabilization methods. Chromatography and molecular network techniques were used to characterize chemical compounds. The lethality test showed that the lethal concentration (LC50) increased from 110.03 ± 1.25 to 15.86 ± 2.21 μg/mL after 24 and 96 hours of exposure. In tadpoles exposed to 7.81 μg/mL extract, the first mortalities (12.5%) were observed on the fifth day of exposure. A relative decrease in mature erythrocytes exposed to plant extracts was observed. The antibacterial activity shows that the Ak F2, Ak F3, and Ak F4 fractions (from the water-ethanol crude extract) gave the greatest antibacterial activities compared to the other extracts. The water, water-acetone, and water-ethanol extracts showed good inhibition of denaturation. The haemolysis test shows that the extracts exhibited good anti-inflammatory activities. Phytochemical characterisation revealed four major compounds, including monogallate epicatechin and hydroxy-ergostadian. The molecular network revealed five main clusters. Our study shows that A. klaineanum Pierre could be a promising natural product for the isolation of molecules with potential biological activities.
Evaluating the Implementation of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Heart Failure Clinic: A Qualitative Assessment
Authors: Brown-Johnson Cati , Calma Jamie , Amano Alexis , Winget Marcy , Harris Sonia R. , Vilendrer Stacie , Asch Steve M. , Heidenreich Paul , Sandhu Alexander T. , Kalwani Neil M.
Published: April 2023

Background:

Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) may improve care for patients with heart failure. The Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12 (KCCQ-12) is a patient survey that captures symptom frequency, symptom burden, physical limitations, social limitations, and quality of life. Despite the utility of PROs and the KCCQ-12, the implementation and routine use of these measures can be difficult. We conducted an evaluation of clinician perceptions of the KCCQ-12 to identify barriers and facilitators to implementation into clinical practice.

Methods:

We conducted interviews with cardiologists from 4 institutions across the United States and Canada (n=16) and observed clinic visits at 1 institution in Northern California (n=5). Qualitative analysis was conducted in 2 rounds: (1) rapid analysis constructed around major themes related to the aims of the study and (2) content analysis with codes derived from the rapid analysis and implementation science.

Results:

Most heart failure physicians and advanced practice clinicians reported that the KCCQ-12 was acceptable, appropriate, and useful in clinical care. Clinician engagement efforts, trialability, and the straightforward design of the KCCQ-12 facilitated its use in clinical care. Further opportunities identified to facilitate implementation include more streamlined integration into the electronic health record and comprehensive staff education on PROs. Participants highlighted that the KCCQ-12 was useful in clinic visits to improve the consistency of patient history taking, focus patient-clinician conversations, collect a more accurate account of patient quality of life, track trends in patient well-being over time, and refine clinical decision-making.

Conclusions:

In this qualitative study, clinicians reported that the KCCQ-12 enhanced several aspects of heart failure patient care. Use of the KCCQ-12 was facilitated by a robust clinician engagement campaign and the design of the KCCQ-12 itself. Future implementation of PROs in heart failure clinic should focus on streamlining electronic health record integration and providing additional staff education on the value of PROs.

Registration:

URL:
https://clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04164004.
Endovascular Thrombectomy Versus Best Medical Management Beyond 24 Hours From Last Known Well in Acute Ischemic Stroke Due to Large Vessel Occlusion
Authors: Dhillon Permesh Singh , Butt Waleed , Jovin Tudor G. , Podlasek Anna , McConachie Norman , Lenthall Robert , Nair Sujit , Malik Luqman , Krishnan Kailash , Dineen Robert A. , England Timothy J.
Published: April 2023

Background

The safety and efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion presenting beyond 24 hours from last known well (LKW) remains undetermined.

Methods

In this single center study, we identified patients with large vessel occlusion who were eligible for EVT based on noncontrast computed tomography (CT)/CT angiography (without CT perfusion or magnetic resonance imaging) using an Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score of ≥5, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale of ≥6, and presenting beyond 24 hours from LKW, between January 2018 and March 2022. During the study period, EVT service limitations meant patients eligible for EVT presenting outside service hours, routinely received best medical management (BMM). Functional and safety outcomes were compared between patients receiving EVT or BMM following multivariable adjustment for age, baseline stroke severity, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, time from LKW, IV thrombolysis, and clot location.

Results

Among 35 patients presenting beyond 24 hours from LKW and eligible for EVT, 19 (54%) were treated with EVT and 16 (46%) with BMM. Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score were similar across both groups (EVT: 7 [6.75–8] versus BMM: 7 [6–8]), but not the baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (EVT: 17 [11–19.5] versus BMM: 20 [9.75–26]). No significant difference was observed between the EVT and BMM groups in the symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (5.3% versus 0%;
P
=0.28) or mortality (26.3% versus 37.5%;
P
=0.42) rates, respectively. The modified Rankin scale at 90 days (adjusted common odds ratio [OR], 1.94; [95% CI 0.42–8.87];
P
=0.39) and functional independence rate, although numerically higher in the EVT group compared with the BMM group (modified Rankin scale≤2; 36.9% versus 18.8%; adjusted OR, 4.34; [95% CI 0.34–54.83];
P
=0.25), were not significantly different. 94.7% of patients treated with EVT achieved successful reperfusion (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 2b–3).

Conclusion

In routine clinical practice, EVT beyond 24 hours from LKW appears safe and feasible, when performed in patients with acute ischemic stroke who were deemed eligible for EVT by noncontrast CT /CT angiography alone. A large collaborative randomized trial assessing the efficacy of EVT beyond 24 hours is warranted. Our findings provide a basis for the sample size estimate for an adequately powered trial.
Interrogating Two Concepts in Islamic Criminal Jurisprudence: Victim’s Family vs. Offender’s Family
Authors: Mohamed Gaber
Published: April 2023

Calls for abolition of the death penalty invariably encounter a negative response by those political regimes which exploit the classical rigid definition of victim’s family concept. The death penalty could not be abolished by the legislative authority because the heirs of victim are the only people who have the right to waive death penalty based on the classical understanding of the definition of the victim’s family. I argue that if the definition of the victim’s family is revisited to have the same flexibility as the offender’s family, the Nation-State may be included in the definition, and the legislative authority will have the power to abolish the death penalty. Furthermore, revisiting these two terms within the contemporary context would have an impact on the gap between Shariʿa and national legal systems. The social contexts of the two legal systems have been shaped based on two different social bases: modernity and pre-modernity. The two different social bases have created a gap that is exploited in many controversial issues, not only the death penalty in the Muslim world but also harsh penalties in some Muslim legal systems, the right of a husband to discipline his wife, gender equality, legal perspectives on homosexuality, the absence of a clear distinction between public and private realms, and ignoring any distinction separating out the role to the public and nation in crimes of homicide and bodily injuries. Thus, the purpose of reviewing these two concepts from a perspective oriented towards the contemporary context is an attempt to bridge the gap between national criminal legal systems and the Shariʿa pre-modern criminal system, so that these controversial issues may be appropriately relocated in the modern national systems of Egypt and the Muslim world.
Notes on the status of Sida uniaristata (Malvaceae—Malvoideae)
Authors: FILIMBAN FATEN ZUBAIR , SANTHOSH KUMAR ETTICKAL SUKUMARAN
Published: April 2023

N/A
Peristaltic Transport of Hyperbolic Tangent Fluid in an Asymmetric Channel Through a Porous Medium
Authors: Naduvinamani N. B. , Guttedar Anita Siddayya
Published: April 2023

The study explores to analyze the problem of peristaltic mechanism of tangent hyperbolic fluid through porous medium in an asymmetric channel. The two-dimensional peristaltic flow of hyperbolic tangent fluid in an asymmetric channel through porous medium is analyzed under the long wavelength
and low Reynolds number assumptions. The flow is investigated in a wave frame of reference moving with velocity of the wave. The perturbation series is used to obtain the solution for stream function, pressure gradient and pressure rise. The results were studied for different values of the
physical parameters of the problem and illustrated graphically. It is observed that pressure rise diminishes for the larger values of Darcy number. Pressure gradient decreases for increment in Darcy number. Hyperbolic tangent fluid model anticipates the shear thinning phenomenon very accurately
and are being used mostly in laboratory experiments and industries.
Unsteady Carbon Nanotubes Nanofluid Flow due to a Moving Cylinder with Thermal Radiation and Temperature Oscillation Effects
Authors: Sridevi Ch. , Sailakumari A.
Published: April 2023

This paper discusses transient two-dimensional boundary layer laminar viscous incompressible free convective flow of nanofluids containing carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs) over a moving vertical cylinder in the presence of thermal radiation and temperature oscillation. The governing
boundary layer equations are converted to a dimensionless form and then solved using the Crank Nicolson type’s unconditionally stable and convergent implicit finite difference method. With diverse parameters such as Grashof number (Gr), volume fraction (Φ), phase angle
(ωt), and thermal radiation parameter (N), numerical results are achieved for velocity and temperature profiles along with Nusselt number and skin friction coefficients. The numerical results are analysed in detail using graphs for both water-based nanofluid and kerosene-based
nanofluids with single and multi-wall carbon nanotubes as the nanomaterials. It has been found that CNTs Water-based nanofluid has higher temperatures, velocities, skin friction coefficient values for all Gr, N, Φ, and ωt when compared to kerosene-based
nanofluid with CNTs. But, Kerosene-based CNTs nanofluid has a higher Nusselt number coefficient values concerning all Gr, N, Φ, and ωt than water-based CNTs nanofluid.
Magneto-Convection in Casson Nanofluids with Three Different Boundaries
Authors: Devi Mamta , Gupta Urvashi
Published: April 2023

This paper is centered on the numerical and analytical solution of a non-Newtonian Casson nanofluid flow problem in the presence of vertical magnetic field. Brownian motion and thermophoretic forces are introduced due to the addition of nanoparticles and; the magnetic field adds an
extra Lorentz’s force term along with Maxwell’s equations. Using Normal mode technique, the system of PDEs with the corresponding boundary conditions is reduced to a system of ODEs. The Galerkin-type weighted residual method is used to get a numerical solution for the formulated
differential system. Numerical simulation is carried out to make the investigation helpful for practical applications like nano-drug delivery systems as in clinical and medical research, magnets are extremely important to create three-dimensional images of anatomical and diagnostic importance
from nuclear magnetic resonance signals. Comparisons of the numerical results with previously published results are made and fine agreements are noted for the considered values of the parameters. The impact of magnetic field, Casson parameter and nanoparticle parameters are discussed for different
types of boundary conditions (free–free, rigid-free and rigid–rigid). The system is found to be the most stable for more realistic rigid–rigid boundaries out of three different boundaries. For the purpose of numerical computations, blood has been considered as the Casson
nanofluid. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that the strong stabilizing influence of Lorentz force on blood-based Casson nanofluid enables the red blood cells to pass through the blood in a more streamlined fashion which may play a significant role in human health, more specifically
in the cardiovascular system. Further, although the Casson parameter hastens the onset of convection yet Casson fluids are more stable as compared to regular fluids.
National Analysis of Motor Vehicle Collision-Associated Mortality Among Opioid Users From 2010 to 2020: The Need for Effective Prevention Policies
Authors: Watts Emelia , Patel Heli , Abella Maveric , Kim Jason , Elkbuli Adel
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the trends in the incidence of opioid-associated motor vehicle fatalities in the United States (US) over the past decade and identify geographic or demographic trends. We conducted a retrospective repeated cross-sectional study utilizing the CDC WONDER Multiple Cause of Death Database to gather data on opioid-associated motor vehicle fatalities from 2010 to 2020. The southern US experienced the highest percent increase in opioid-related fatalities from 2010 to 2020 (263.1%), followed by the Midwest (160.7%), the west (86.3%), and the northeast (10.0%). The use of opioids increases a driver’s risk of motor vehicle crash involvement, especially amongst non-Hispanic White males between 25 and 55 years of age who live in the southern states of the US. There is a need for augmented opioid-related policy concerning the potency and intake of prescription opioids to reduce motor vehicle fatalities.
Assessing the Validity of Criminological Theories of Misconduct in Jail
Authors: Cook Carrie L. , Kim Min
Published: April 2023

This research examines the validity of criminological theories of misconduct in jails, a setting often overlooked in research on this topic. Prior research suggests that the processes that underlie offending within prisons are distinct from those which contribute to community offending. To determine if the context of misconduct within jails is distinct from that which occurs in prisons, and to test other theories of deviance, we surveyed those incarcerated in two jails about their misconduct experiences. Findings indicate that importation, code support, and differential associations are robust predictors of misconduct in this jail sample. Given the prevalence of jails in the criminal justice system, it is imperative to continue to assess misconduct to improve the safety of these institutions.
Assessment of Work Loss Due to COVID-19 Lockdown and its Economic Consequences on Families in Urban Kakinada—A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Poorna P. Sai , Babu G. Krishna , Priyanka M. Vineela
Published: April 2023

In India due to the COVID-19 lockdown 122 million people lost their jobs in April. It caused many effects like increased starvation, job loss, poverty, alcoholism and gender violence. This study was undertaken to assess the work loss due to the COVID-19 lockdown and its economic consequences on families in urban Kakinada. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted during 15 April–15 May in 40th urban ward of Kakinada. The sample size was calculated by taking 10% of the ward population. By the systematic random sampling method, 300 samples were collected. Institutional Ethics Committee approval was obtained before data collection. Data were collected by semi-structured questionnaire and entered in MS Excel 2010 and it was analysed using SPSS 21. Descriptive statistics p value of <.05 was taken as statistically significant. The prevalence of work loss was found to be 42%. Work loss has significantly caused a decrease in the purchase of protective foods like vegetables (10.3%), fruits (22.4%), milk (16.1%), non-veg (36.2%) and groceries (35.1%). About 44.6% have chronic diseases and 34.7% among work loss borrowed money for medical expenditure. It affected the health of families in terms of decreased purchase of protective foods resulting in food insecurity, and increased burden on medical expenditure due to chronic diseases.

JEL Code: D1
Nursing Students’ Spiritual/Religious Coping Strategies Dealing With First Experience of Witnessing Death During Clinical Practices
Authors: Kurtgöz Aslı , Koç Zeliha
Published: April 2023

This study aims at determining spiritual/religious coping strategies of nursing students dealing with the first experience of witnessing death during clinical practices. One of the qualitative research approaches, a descriptive phenomenological study was designed. The study was carried out with 14 nursing students studying at a state university in Turkey. The students’ first experiences of witnessing death were examined by the personal in-depth interviewing method. Data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method. The following five main themes were identified by the analysis: Perception of death; Witnessing death for the first time; Coping with death experience; Needs and recommendations; Impact of spirituality and religion. The obtained findings were presented according to the COREQ criteria. The findings showed that witnessing death for the first time is a difficult experience that affects students in various ways and students prayed and performed their prayers frequently to cope with the death experience.
In situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles on bamboo viscose fibers
Authors: Xu Chang , Li Zhe , Tao Zhiqing , Sun Weihua , Cui Li , Yao Yongbo , Yan Zhiyong
Published: April 2023

In this study, a facile method for preparation of bamboo viscose fibers composite silver nanoparticles by in-situ synthesis was investigated. The bamboo viscose fiber was used as both reducing and protecting agents, and it was reacted with different concentrations of AgNO3 solutions under high temperature and high pressure. The structure and properties of the composites were analyzed by ultraviolet visible spectroscopy analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the reaction products are spherical or near-spherical silver nanoparticles with the face-centered cubic geometry. The silver nanoparticles are dispersed uniformly on the surface of the bamboo viscose fibers with the size range of 10–60 nm. A mechanism was proposed where the silver nanoparticles are uniformly loaded onto the bamboo viscose fibers by bonding with the hydroxyl groups containing in the cellulose macromolecules. The antibacterial properties of the bamboo viscose fiber/silver nanoparticles against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were tested by inhibition zone and dynamic shake flask methods. The results show that when the concentration of AgNO3 solution participating in the reaction was 0.001 M, the antibacterial rate of the composite material on the two kinds of bacteria could reach more than 99%. According to these results, the bamboo viscose fiber/silver nanoparticles nanocomposites with the excellent antibacterial properties offer a potential opportunity to be used as functional antimicrobial fabrics and medical devices.
Effect of fabric properties and glove structure on thermal protective performance of fire gloves under flash fire exposure
Authors: Wang Tingyu , Wang Lijun
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of fabric properties and glove structure on the thermal protective performance of fire glove when exposed to a flash fire. Ten types of firefighting glove fabrics were selected, and nine types of gloves with four-layer fabrics were obtained for an orthogonal experiment. Different structures and sizes of gloves were also designed. The burn area and absorbed energy were tested using a flame hand system. Pearson correlations were established to analyze the relationships of fabric properties and absorbed energy, and of shrinkage rate and absorbed energy. The statistical analysis from these obtained data indicated that the thickness of fabric systems had no significant correlation for total absorbed energy ( p > 0.05), while the flame retardancy, air permeability, and shrinkage rate of the outer shell fabric exhibited a strong relation ( p = 0.033, 0.012, and 0.013, respectively). With the increase in glove looseness, the absorbed energy and burn area first decreased and then increased. The thermal protective performance was best at a looseness of 10 mm (by the largest absorbed energy reduction of 24%). It has been found that long gloves provide better thermal protection than short gloves. For short gloves, adding an elastic belt to the wrist can reduce the absorbed energy, while adding an elastic belt to the cuff for long gloves has a negative effect on the thermal protective performance.
Revisiting Tocqueville’s American Woman
Authors: Henderson Christine Dunn
Published: April 2023

This paper revisits Tocqueville’s famous portrait of the American female, which begins with assertions of her equality to males but ends with her self-cloistering in the domestic sphere. Taking a cue from Tocqueville’s extended sketch of the “faded” pioneer wife in “A Fortnight in the Wilderness” and drawing connections to Tocqueville’s criticisms of the division of industrial labor, I argue that the American girl’s ostensibly free choice to remove herself from public life is not an act of freedom. Rather, it is a manifestation of a particular type of unfreedom that reveals underappreciated connections between the two great dangers about which Democracy in America warns: tyrannical majoritarianism and soft despotism. My argument that the girl’s choice to withdraw from public life is coerced rather than free thus highlights the nonpolitical sources of oppression that exist within democratic societies. The paper concludes by raising questions about the need for coercion within Tocquevillian democracy and the implications of this for Tocqueville’s “new” political science—indeed, for his liberalism more generally.
Unexpected Tumor in an Elderly Patient: Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma
Authors: Gozgec Elif , Ogul Hayri , Aktan Bulent
Published: April 2023

Although nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is an expected tumor in adolescent males, it is uncommon in the elderly. Because of its high vascularity or bleeding during biopsy, surgical resection can be life threatening. Therefore, nasal angiofibroma should be kept in mind in existing masses especially in elderly patients and support should be obtained from imaging methods.