bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Misinformation in Conversations about Ticks and Tick-borne Disease in Public Facebook Groups
Authors: McDonald Kaitlin M. , Warzecha Haley , McDonald Emily M. , May Maxwell Le , Cottingham Kathryn L.
Published: July 2024

Background
Health-related misinformation on social media can negatively impact public health outcomes. Effective interventions to combat misinformation require an understanding of the underlying topics and their associated misperceptions. Ticks and the pathogens they carry are increasing worldwide, raising concerns about the disease burden these pathogens cause. Our goal is to identify prevalent misconceptions about ticks and tick-borne diseases to inform and restructure public health education efforts, thereby reducing the health burden related to tick-borne diseases.
Methods
We collected public Facebook posts and comments during summer 2021 and used summative content analysis to characterize misinformation themes. In total, 170 posts and 2483 comments were analyzed.
Results
A total of 30 posts (17% of the total) contained misinformation, the majority of which (78%) occurred in the context of tick biology and ecology and 5% and 4% were about repelling and removing ticks, respectively.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that public health education campaigns should focus on dispelling common misperceptions related to tick biology, ecology, and species identification.
Research on mechanical properties and fire resistance of flame- retardant laminated veneer lumber fabricated with fast-growing Poplar
Authors: Cui Zhekui , Chun Qing , Lin Boxu , Sun Jian , Wang Zheng
Published: July 2024

To fully utilize Chinese fast-growing timber resources, fast-growing poplar was selected for manufacturing flame-retardant laminated veneer lumber (FRLVL). Firstly, orthogonal experiments were conducted to assess the impact of four factors (hot-pressing time, hot-pressing temperature, retardant concentration, and retardant types) on the mechanical properties and burning behavior of FRLVL. Subsequently, optimal manufacturing parameters were chosen based on statistical analysis. Finally, the fire performance of LVL manufactured with the optimal parameters was evaluated to investigate changes in physical-mechanical properties under high-temperature conditions. Results indicated that the addition of retardants led to a decrease in mechanical properties. In comparison to the control group, LVL composites impregnated with two retardants exhibited a higher limited oxygen index and longer fireproof time, with the effects of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) surpassing those of borax (BX). The optimal manufacturing parameters were a hot-pressing temperature of 140°C, a hot-pressing time of 1.3 min/mm, and concentrations of 15% for both retardant types. As the temperature increased, the mechanical properties of LVL manufactured with the optimal parameters decreased noticeably. However, under the conditions of a temperature of 200°C and a treatment time of 90 min, the mechanical properties of LVL composites still met the LVL-32P grade proposed in LVL handbook.
Mitigating Structural Hallucination in Large Language Models with Local Diffusion
Authors: Kiritani Kizuki , Kayano Tsumugi
Published: July 2024

Large language models (LLMs) often produce text with inaccuracies, logical inconsistencies, or fabricated information, known as structural hallucinations, which undermine their reliability and trustworthiness. Implementing local diffusion mechanisms within the Mistral LLM architecture has demonstrated significant potential in addressing these issues, enhancing both the accuracy and coherence of the generated text. The modified model exhibited substantial improvements across various performance metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, validated through rigorous statistical testing. The architectural adjustments, involving the integration of diffusion layers, facilitated better information propagation and reduced the occurrence of structurally flawed outputs. Quantitative analyses highlighted the model's enhanced performance, while qualitative comparisons revealed its improved structural integrity and factual accuracy. Additionally, error analysis revealed a notable reduction in the frequency of factual and logical errors, further affirming the effectiveness of the local diffusion approach. The findings reveal the transformative potential of local diffusion in mitigating structural hallucinations and advancing the field of natural language processing.
Is the use of Adam optimiser and label smoothing adequate for optimizing YOLOv7 and YOLOv7-E6E to attain a high-quality automated analysis and differential diagnostic evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid?
Authors: Rumpf Sebastian , Zufall Nicola , Rumpf Florian , Gschwendtner Prof. Dr. med. univ. Andreas
Published: July 2024

Background: In a world where lower respiratory tract infections rank among the leading causes of death and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), precise and timely diagnosis is crucial. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid analysis is a pivotal diagnostic tool in pneumology and intensive care medicine, but its effectiveness relies on individual expertise. Our research focuses on the "You Only Look Once" (YOLO) algorithm, aiming to improve the precision and efficiency of BAL cell detection.
Methods: We assess various YOLOv7 iterations, including YOLOv7, YOLOv7 with Adam and label smoothing, YOLOv7-E6E, and YOLOv7-E6E with Adam and label smoothing focusing on the detection of four key cell types of diagnostic importance in BAL fluid: macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils. This study utilized cytospin preparations of BAL fluid, employing May-Grunwald-Giemsa staining, and analyzed a dataset comprising 2,032 images with 42,221 annotations. Classification performance was evaluated using recall, precision, F1 score, mAP@.5 and mAP@.5;.95 along with a confusion matrix.
Results: The comparison of four algorithmic approaches revealed minor distinctions in mean results, falling short of statistical significance (p < 0.01; p < 0.05). YOLOv7, with an inference time of 13.5 ms for 640 x 640 px images, achieved commendable performance across all cell types, boasting an average F1 metric of 0.922, precision of 0.916, recall of 0.928, and mAP@.5 of 0.966. Remarkably, all cell classifications exhibited consistent outcomes, with no significant disparities among classes. Notably, YOLOv7 demonstrated marginally superior class value dispersion when compared to YOLOv7-adam-label-smoothing, YOLOv7-E6E, and YOLOv7-adam-label-smoothing, albeit without statistical significance.
Conclusion: Consequently, there is limited justification for deploying the more computationally intensive YOLOv7-E6E and YOLOv7-E6E-adam-label-smoothing models. This investigation indicates that the default YOLOv7 variant is the preferred choice for differential cytology due to its accessibility, lower computational demands, and overall more consistent results than comparative studies.
CYTOKINEPRODUCING ACTIVITY OF BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES IN RELATIONSHIP WITH THE TENSION OF IMMUNITY TO DIPHTHERIA AND TETANUS IN PERSONS WITH EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Lyadova Tetyana , Popova Alisa , Volobueva Olga , Kozlov Oleksandr , Dorosh Diana
Published: July 2024

Objective. To study the cytokine-producing activity of lymphocytes in relation to the intensity of immunity to diphtheria and tetanus in persons who have contracted chronic form of Epstein-Barr virus infection.
Materials and methods. The activity of lymphocytes in-vitro, the production of cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-15, IL-21, IL-23) was studied in persons who became ill with chronic form of Epstein-Barr virus infection in comparison with those who did not have a protective level of antibodies to diphtheria and tetanus (16 people – 1-st group) and in people who have a protective level of antibodies to these infections (16 people – 2-nd group). The control group consisted of 20 people. The age of the examinees was 18–22 years. The level of cytokines in the culture medium was measured by ELISA. Spontaneous production of cytokines, induced by FHA and the potential of lymphocytes to produce cytokines were determined.
Results: It was established that in individuals of groups 1 and 2 who became ill with EBV infection, there was a decrease in spontaneous and induced production of cytokines - IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-15, IL-21, IL-23 and increased production of IL-10 in comparison with the control group of individuals. In people of group 1, the production level of the main cytokines was probably lower than in people of group 2, and IL-10 was higher.
The potential for cytokine production in people of group 1 was probably lower (p<0.05) than in people of group 2 and the control group of people. In individuals of group 1 and group 2, a violation of the balance between cytokines with an activating effect on B-lymphocytes and a suppressive effect was observed.
Conclusions:
Under the influence of EBV-infection, the activity of lymphocytes to produce cytokines decreases, the potential of cells to produce them decreases, and an imbalance between the regulatory cytokines of antibody formation develops.
In persons who have contracted CHEBVI and do not have a protective level of antibodies to diphtheria and tetanus in their blood, the activity of lymphocytes in the production of antibody-stimulating cytokines and the potential for their production is lower, and the imbalance between regulatory cytokines is higher than in persons who have a protective level of antibodies to these infections.
A decrease in the activity of lymphocytes, the production of cytokines that regulate antibody formation is one of the factors in the decrease in the level of post-vaccination antibodies in persons who have contracted EBV-infection.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN, TENAGA KERJA, DAN KETIMPANGAN DISTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN TERHADAP KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA PADA TAHUN 2021
Authors: Umam Khotibul , Furqon Imahda Khoiri
Published: July 2024

Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana tingkat kemiskinan Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh ketimpangan tenaga kerja, pendidikan, dan distribusi pendapatan pada tahun 2021. Data yang digunakan adalah data dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) yang mencakup 34 provinsi di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Eviews 12, teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah Regresi Linier Berganda dengan menggunakan model Kuadrat Terkecil. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa tenaga kerja memiliki dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kemiskinan, sedangkan pendidikan memiliki dampak negatif dan besar. Namun, dampak ketimpangan distribusi pendapatan terhadap kemiskinan hanya sedikit. Secara keseluruhan, kemiskinan sangat dipengaruhi oleh ketiga faktor tersebut.
Kata Kunci: Kemiskinan; Pendidikan; Tenaga kerja;  Ketimpangan; Indonesia.
 
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to determine how Indonesia's poverty rate is affected by inequality in labor, education, and income distribution in 2021. The data used is data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) covering 34 provinces in Indonesia. Using Eviews 12 software, the analysis technique used is Multiple Linear Regression using the Least Squares model. The findings show that labor has a positive and significant impact on poverty, while education has a negative and large impact. However, the impact of income distribution inequality on poverty is only slight. Overall, poverty is strongly influenced by all three factors.
Keywords: Poverty; Education; Labor; Inequality; Indonesia.
Main technical parameters for designing a new self-feed drilling machine
Authors: Svinin V. M. , Shutenkov A. V. , Ponomarev B. B.
Published: July 2024

The aim is to develop and substantiate a complex of technical and economic requirements for the design of a self-feed drilling machine produced in the Russian Federation, which is particularly relevant in the context of import substitution. The study considers self-feed drilling machines produced by Atlas Copco, Desoutter and Recoules as references to match their performance and specifications. By analogy with these machines, the limiting weight and overall dimensions of the developed machine should be up to 6 kg and 320x110x450 mm, respectively. The selection of motors for spindle rotation and axial feed is carried out by drilling a hole with a diameter of 12 mm in a mixed 58 mm thick stack using a carbide drill. This stack includes steel sheets (30KhGSA grade), polymer composite materials (carbon fibre-based), titanium alloy (Vt6 grade) and aluminium alloy (1933 grade). The required power for the electric drives was determined using cutting conditions specified in reference manuals and by drilling tests of a mixed stack carried out using a DMC 635 V machine equipped with a Kistler 9123CQ05 plate dynamometer. Oscillograms of axial force and torque showed that the highest resistance occurs when drilling the titanium alloy. The following specifications were calculated and confirmed for the projected self-feed drilling machine: the required power for the electric drives is 1.5 kW for the feed drive and 2.8 kW for the spindle rotation drive. The maximum required rotation speed is 1940 rpm, and the maximum required feed rate is 4.5 mm/rev. In order to grind chips and suppress potential auto-oscillations of the drill, it is recommended that the modulations of the feed and spindle rotation speeds created by a computer numerical control system be used. Future research will involve the production and testing of a prototype self-feed drilling machine, designed in accordance with the provided recommendations.
A few aspects of controlling the photopolymerisation process in additive manufacturing
Authors: Filippenko N. G. , Kargapoltsev S. K. , Chumbadze Т. Т.
Published: July 2024

This study is aimed at developing a technological approach for managing the automated control of the production process of photopolymer-based products. Thermometric analysis was proposed and used to identify the onset and completion of the polymerisation process of the studied products using a homebuilt automated laboratory setup based on the industrial additive polymerisation unit AZ3000. The principle of extremal control was used to develop the operation algorithm. Samples measuring 25x25x3 mm were manufactured from the extensively used photopolymer composite ROEHM R-50. The controlled parameters of the photopolymerization process, including the temperature in the active zone and on the product surface, were scientifically justified. The developed algorithm, implemented as a software package written for the AtMega 328 processor in C++ within the AVR Studio environment, offers precise control over the onset and completion of the polymerisation process within the product. The structural characteristics of the test photopolymer materials were studied. It was found that the hardness of the photopolymer samples increased from 109.12 to 117.5 HL. This demonstrated the functionality of the developed algorithm for the control system of the photopolymerisation process. The testing of the developed technological approach and algorithm for automated control of additive manufacturing using photopolymer materials indicates that it is possible to obtain components with predetermined strength characteristics. The use of such components adds a new dimension to the selection of photopolymer materials for the manufacture of products in various fields of mechanical engineering, including transport and aviation.
Stefan problem for a heat-generating cylindrical sample with boundary conditions of the third kind: calculation of melting time
Authors: Donskoy I. G.
Published: July 2024

We determine the kinetic patterns of melting in a heat-generating cylindrical element under invariable supercritical conditions using numerical modelling. The study focuses on the melting process in a homogeneous sample that generates heat either through a chemical reaction or electromagnetic heating. The thermophysical properties of the sample were assumed to be constant in both solid and liquid phases. The main tool used in the study was a numerical model based on the nonstationary Stefan problem in a heat-generating body, which incorporates the descriptions of heat conduction and melting processes. The phase transition was described in terms of enthalpy. In order to select the parameters of the numerical model (grid steps), the accuracy of the difference scheme was investigated. The study presents calculated dependencies of the main melting characteristics (melting time and the maximum sample temperature at melting) on control parameters (heat generation intensity, the heat effect of melting and the ratio of thermal conductivity coefficients of the phases). By using specified approximations (temperature averaging and quasi-stationary distribution), formulas were derived to estimate the melting time of the sample. The calculations showed that the variations in the thermal properties of the sample (thermal conductivity coefficients and heat effect) significantly influence the melting rate. It was demonstrated that although the relationship between the melting time and the intensity of heat generation and the thermal effect of the phase transition is consistent with the approximate models, there is a significant quantitative difference between them, in particular, for small deviations from the critical heat generation intensity. The calculations can be used to assess the thermomechanical stability of materials with internal heat generation. The developed numerical model allows melting processes to be investigated under a wide range of conditions, including varying boundary conditions.
Effect of roasting parameters on arsenic removal from copper smelting dust
Authors: Mamyachenkov S. V. , Bludova D. I. , Khanzhin N. A.
Published: July 2024

In this study, we develop a roasting method for removing arsenic from sulfide copper-arsenic-containing materials. The object of the study was fine dust from copper smelting production of the following composition (wt%): 34.89 – Zn; 20.02 – Cu; 17.74 – Pb; 17.07 – Fe; 7.12 – As; 0.92 – Sb; 0.69 – Sn; 0.63 – Ca; 0.42 – Mo; and 0.34 – K. The chemical composition of the materials was analyzed using an SHIMADZU EDX-7000 energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and a Bruker D8 Advance diffractometer. The roasting process was carried out in a laboratory tube furnace at a temperature of 550–800°C for 60–120 minutes with the addition of 25–50% of FeS2 to the charge. Optimal conditions for reducing residual arsenic in the calcine to less than 0.3 wt% were identified: a temperature of 750–800°C, a duration of 1.5–2.0 h (in an inert atmosphere), and the use of 30 wt% of pyrite concentrate in the charge. Arsenic removal to the gas phase reached 91–96%. It is shown that in order to reduce the processing temperature to 600°C, it is necessary to add a reducing agent (coke fines) to the mixture of copper smelting dust with pyrite or increase the proportion of pyrite in the test charge to 50 wt% and hold the mixture for 1.5–2.0 h under inert atmosphere (argon and nitrogen) or low-oxygen blast. Arsenic removal to the gas phase reached 97%. X-ray spectral analysis of the residue deposited on the cooled ends of quartz tubes following the release of gases formed during roasting revealed that this material is predominantly (up to 93%) composed of arsenic. The resulting calcine contained 94 wt% of iron, zinc, copper and lead compounds. Therefore, the calcine obtained during the roasting of fine dust from copper smelting production is suitable for returning to the copper production process.
Brief Criminological Review of Crime Rates in the Field of Illegal Trafficking of Aquatic Biological Resources in the Far Eastern Federal District
Authors: Nikitenko I. V. ,   Far Eastern Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Sorokina A. V. ,   Vladivostok branch, Far Eastern Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation
Published: July 2024

The article contains a number of economic, but at the same time criminologically significant indicators characterizing the state of the fishing industry in the regions of the Far East. The above information contains the dynamics of the production of salmon and sturgeon caviar, which represent the most in-demand product in the shadow market of illegal trafficking in aquatic biological resources. In this regard, the main indicators of law enforcement activity in this area, regional investigative and judicial practice in criminal cases of illegal trafficking of salmon and sturgeon caviar, as well as organizational and legal measures taken by the state aimed at reducing the volume of illegal trafficking of caviar and other aquatic biological resources are presented. The authors illustrate a brief criminological overview of the main crime indicators in the field under study with specific examples from law enforcement practice, which allows us to consider the problem both from the standpoint of criminological statistics and from a specifically applied perspective. Appealing to a number of major criminological factors, the authors note that crime rates related to illegal extraction and trafficking of aquatic biological resources in the Far Eastern Federal District have an objective relationship with the high rates of development of the fishing industry as a whole, which naturally affects a fairly high crime dynamics in this area. Scientific interest in such a study is due to permanent changes in criminological indicators of crime in the field of illegal extraction and illegal trafficking of aquatic biological resources, and, accordingly, their impact on the criminal situation in the region. This circumstance determines the relevance and novelty of conducting such monitoring studies and summarizing their results.
Discussion of Kant's Philosophy of Law and Its Influence on Modern Legal Theories and Practices
Authors: Rumyantseva Y. N. ,   Irkutsk Institute (Branch), All-Russian State University of Justice, Safonov М. А. ,   Irkutsk Institute (Branch), All-Russian State University of Justice, Irkutsk, the Russian Federation
Published: July 2024

On April 22-25, 2024, Kaliningrad hosted the International Kant Congress "The World Concept of Philosophy", which became the central event of the celebration in the Russian Federation of the 300th anniversary of the birth of Immanuel Kant. The congress was organized by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Kaliningrad Region, the Baltic Federal University named after I. Kant became the operator of the congress. More than 700 scientists from 23 countries took part in the scientific event, and the congress was held in 19 areas. The plenary session was devoted to the issues of critical understanding of artificial intelligence, during which participants discussed the problems of being and cognition in the context of the development of artificial intelligence. A separate section of the congress was devoted to assessing the contribution of I. Kant's influence on modern law. The participants of the section reflected on the problem of effectiveness and validity in international law, on Kant's understanding of freedom of speech and the status of the right to resistance in philosophy I. Kant, as well as on the influence of metaphysical Kantian views on modern civil law. It was rightly noted that the law should not be a restriction imposed on society and the individual, should not be formally perceived or accepted a priori as a religious dogma. I. Kant believed that a person is able to voluntarily and consciously follow legal prescriptions when he sees in the law the embodiment of the idea of equality, justice and reason. The participants of the section decided to continue further improving the study of the influence of the philosopher's views on modern law, and identified the legal tools necessary to achieve this goal. The article provides an overview of the International Kantian Congress and an exposition of the main elements of Kant's legal doctrine, continuing the discussion that opened on the contribution of the great philosopher to the development of political and legal thought.
Principles of Legislative Regulation of Artificial Intelligence in the USA and Its Impact on the Development of the Technology Sector
Authors: Sheikin A. G. ,   All-Russian State University of Justice
Published: July 2024

The subject of the study is a set of norms defining the principles of legislative regulation of public relations related to the development, deployment and implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in the United States. It is indicated that this country is the undisputed leader in all indicators of the development of this industry, and therefore the experience of legal regulation of this state deserves a comprehensive analysis. The strategic documents of the last decade are analyzed: the National Strategic Plan for the Development of Artificial Intelligence, 2016, the National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Strategic Plan, 2019, updated in 2023. Five principles of the advisory "Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights" are disclosed: safe and effective systems; algorithmic discrimination protections; data privacy; notice and explanation; human alternatives, consideration, and fallback. It is noted that there are voluntary commitments made by US technology companies to comply with the principles of ensuring safe, secure, and trustworthy artificial intelligence. The Executive Order on the Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence in 2023, based on eight guiding principles and policy priorities of his administration in promoting and managing the development and use of artificial intelligence, has been studied. The content of the AI Risk Management Framework is disclosed: validity, dependability, security, resiliency, improved privacy, transparency, accountability, interpretability, explicability, fairness with zero negative biases. It is concluded that a comprehensive strategy for the legal regulation of public relations regarding the use of artificial intelligence in the United States has not yet been formed, but fundamental principles have been laid down in this country, allowing at least to declare to American citizens that the authorities are taking measures to protect their rights and freedoms.
Generalized characterization of pipeline systems with air chamber through development of the dimensionless impedance response
Authors: Kim Sanghyun
Published: July 2024

An air cushion chamber is a feasible and efficient hydraulic device to control water hammer for pressurised pipeline systems. The introduction and evolution and hydraulic transient depend on distinct features of pipeline systems such as length, diameter and the property of pipeline extension as physical properties; flowrates, pressure, boundary conditions as hydraulic conditions; and interaction with surge protection devices (air chamber) as hydraulic conditions. Considering all factors simultaneously can be incredibly difficult, even for a simple air chamber pipeline valve layout. This study introduces the dimensionless transfer function and expression for air chambers in dimensionless frequency domain in order to effectively address the water hammer generation and its counteracting processes. To comprehensively characterize hydraulic transients for pipeline systems equipped with air chambers, two representative dimensionless parameters were used. Along the pipeline system, it is possible to develop a frequency-independent expression for hydraulic impedance. A comparison between the developed method and other existing methods (e.g. characteristic method and impulse response method) revealed excellent agreement. Application of the dimensionless parameters to systems with different dimensions and hydraulic conditions shows that the proposed dimensionless parameters can address substantial ranges of real systems.
INOVAÇÃO E TEORIA ATOR-REDE
Authors: Silva Zayr Claudio Gomes da , Araújo Ronaldo Ferreira de
Published: July 2024

Sociology of innovation is a transdisciplinary approach to research and development whose theoretical-methodological framework is based on the Actor-Network Theory. The article aims to map scientific communications produced in the literature about innovation and Actor-Network Theory (ANT). As bibliographical research, a semiotic-material approach is used to map these research interests on the Dimensions scientific data platform, seeking to explore their problematization networks via word co-occurrence and clustering with the VOSviewer network analysis software, in addition to describing their translational movements based on the titles and summaries of the mapped research itself and the literature itself in some way related. Two problematization networks about innovation and ANT are explored, one being multidisciplinary (see relationships between different fields of research such as health, management and technologies) and the other interthematic (through actor-words such as “implementation”, “framework” and “knowledge”. Such research interests are crossed by the very semiotic-material complexity of scientific production and communication related to ANT and innovation, performing socio-technical and political-economic processes of invention, negotiation and commercialization between human and non-human actors, of somehow linked to different knowledge and domains of scientific and technological knowledge.
PROCESSAMENTO TÉCNICO DOS ACERVOS AUDIOVISUAIS NO ARQUIVO NACIONAL
Authors: Silva Eliezer Pires da , Medeiros Santos Rafael
Published: July 2024

It analyzes the technical processing of these audiovisual documents at the National Archives, the main archival institution in Brazil. The general objective was to prepare an archival diagnosis on the technical processing of audiovisual archival documents at the National Archives, with three specific objectives: to conceptually discuss audiovisual documents and their insertion in the universe of archives; problematize the technical processing of audiovisual documents in archives; identify the profile of the National Archives’ audiovisual collection and its forms of entry; and map the stage of organization, level of description and digitization of the National Archives' audiovisual collection. The research contributes to improving technical treatment practices for audiovisual documents at the National Archives, providing a detailed diagnosis of the current situation. The methodology used involved the collection and analysis of documents, as well as the exploration of the National Archives Information System (SIAN) and research instruments developed by the institution's technical team. The results indicate the importance of a comprehensive and critical study on the treatment of audiovisual documents in the archival context, suggesting the need for innovative approaches to the access and preservation of audiovisual documents in archival institutions.
O ESTADO DE FLOW DURANTE O USO DE SERIOUS GAMES POR ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Pereira William Henoch Alves , Gitahy Raquel Rosan Christino , Sousa Sidinei de Oliveira
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o estado de flow durante o uso de Serious Games no processo educativo de estudantes do segundo ciclo do Ensino Fundamental. Para tanto, foi realizada uma investigação qualitativa, do tipo descritivo-interpretativa, a partir do uso de Serious Games por cinquenta e quatro estudantes, abordando conteúdos de Matemática e Biologia. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se a observação da aplicação dos jogos e um grupo focal com os estudantes a fim de compreender a influência do game no processo de ensino e de aprendizagem. A análise dos resultados foi realizada a partir do referencial teórico do Flow, estabelecendo a correlação entre desafios e habilidades, nível de ansiedade do jogador e a prevalência do entretenimento como fator motivador para engajamento. Como resultados, os estudantes afirmam ser mais interessante estudar e se divertir ao mesmo tempo em um ambiente escolar mais dinâmico e produtivo, mantendo o entretenimento como fator motivador para a aprendizagem.
Cyclodextrins as a Strategy for Enhancing Solubility of Therapeutic Agents for Neglected Tropical Diseases: A Systematic Review
Authors: Melo Demis Ferreira de , Alves Larissa Pereira , Silva Natália Millena , Silva Laysa Creusa Paes Barreto Barros , Holanda Bruna Fernanda de Lima Arruda , Souza Myla Lôbo de , Rolim Larissa Araújo , Neto Pedro José Rolim
Published: July 2024

Background:

Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) are chronic infectious conditions
that primarily affect marginalized populations. The chemotherapeutic arsenal
available for treating NTD is limited and outdated, which poses a challenge in controlling
and eradicating these diseases. This is exacerbated by the pharmaceutical industry's
lack of interest in funding the development of new therapeutic alternatives. In addition,
a considerable number of drugs used in NTD therapy have low aqueous solubility.
To address this issue, solubility enhancement strategies, such as the use of inclusion
complexes with cyclodextrins (CD) can be employed.

Objective:

Therefore, this systematic review aims to present the application of CD in
complexing with drugs and chemotherapeutic compounds used in the therapy of some of
the most prevalent NTD worldwide and how these complexes can enhance the treatment
of these diseases.

Methods:

Two bibliographic databases, Science Direct and PubMed, were used to
conduct the search. The selection of studies and the writing of this systematic review followed
the criteria outlined by the PRISMA guidelines.

Results:

From a total of 978 articles, 23 were selected after applying the exclusion criteria.
All the studies selected were consistent with the use of CD as a strategy to increase
the solubility of therapeutic agents used in NTD.

Conclusion:

The results indicate that CD can enhance the solubility of chemotherapeutic
agents for the treatment of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD). This review presents
data that clearly highlights the potential use of CD in the development of new treatments
for neglected tropical diseases. It can assist in the formulation of future treatments that
are more effective and safer.
PROTAC Beyond Cancer- Exploring the New Therapeutic Potential of Proteolysis Targeting Chimeras
Authors: Bhole Ritesh P. , Patil Sapana , Kapare Harshad S. , Chikhale Rupesh V. , Gurav Shailendra S.
Published: July 2024

:

In the realm of oncology, the transformative impact of PROTAC (PROteolysis TAgeting
Chimeras) technology has been particularly pronounced since its introduction in the 21st century.
Initially conceived for cancer treatment, PROTACs have evolved beyond their primary
scope, attracting increasing interest in addressing a diverse array of medical conditions. This expanded
focus includes not only oncological disorders but also viral infections, bacterial ailments,
immune dysregulation, neurodegenerative conditions, and metabolic disorders.

:

This comprehensive review explores the broadening landscape of PROTAC application, highlighting
ongoing developments and innovations aimed at deploying these molecules across a
spectrum of diseases. Careful consideration of the design challenges associated with PROTACs
reveals that, when appropriately addressed, these compounds present significant advantages over
traditional therapeutic approaches, positioning them as promising alternatives.

:

To evaluate the efficacy of PROTAC molecules, a diverse array of assays is employed, ranging
from High-Throughput Imaging (HTI) assays to Cell Painting assays, CRBN engagement assays,
Fluorescence Polarization assays, amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assays, Timeresolved
fluorescence energy transfer assays, and Isothermal Titration Calorimetry assays. These
assessments collectively contribute to a nuanced understanding of PROTAC performance.

:

Looking ahead, the trajectory of PROTAC technology suggests its potential recognition as a versatile
therapeutic strategy for an expansive range of medical conditions. Ongoing progress in this
field sets the stage for PROTACs to emerge as valuable tools in the multifaceted landscape of
medical treatments.
Impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Renal Function in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Percutaneous Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Basutkar Roopa Satyanarayan , Cutinha Rasheal Maria , Sathish Varshini , Shahil Aboobacker , Saneen C.K. Najad
Published: July 2024

Background:

Contrast agents directly cause kidney toxicity in patients who are candidates
for percutaneous intervention having cardiovascular disease with type 2 diabetes.

Aims:

This meta-analysis aims to assess the effects of SGLT2-i on renal function in individuals
undergoing percutaneous intervention.

Methods:

The databases used for the search included Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane Central
Registry of Controlled Trials, and Scopus. We considered randomized controlled and observational
studies published from January, 2013, to August, 2023. Eligibility to include the studies
was assessed independently. The Cochrane modified data extraction form and Joanna Briggs Institute
were used to extract the data. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Cochrane
risk of bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The GradePro software was used to measure
the certainty of the evidence.

Results:

The pooled estimate showed a substantial reduction in serum creatinine levels at 48 and
72 hours post-PCI who received SGLT2i (MD -9.57; 95% CI -18.36, -0.78; p-value 0.03 and
MD -14.40; 95% CI -28.57, -0.22; p-value 0.05). There was a decrease in the occurrence of the
CI-AKI among SGT2i users (RR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.67; p value< 0.0001). No substantial difference
was observed in the number of patients requiring hemodialysis; however, a lower proportion
of patients among SGLT2i users required hemodialysis (RR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.19, 4.07; pvalue
= 0.87).

Conclusion:

The use of SGLT2i confers substantial beneficial effects on kidney function and reduces
the occurrence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury among diabetes patients undergoing
PCI procedures with cardiovascular disease.
A Rare Case of Brucellosis with Multivalvular Endocarditis and Complete
Heart Block
Authors: Gothwal Sunil Kumar , Goyal Kanika , Garg Ajay Shankar , Sahu Bharat Kumar , Agrawal Mohit , Mishra Anurag , Singh Yogendra , Subramaniyan Vetriselvan , Singla Neelam , Hussain Md Sadique , Gupta Gaurav
Published: July 2024

Background:

Brucellosis is a public health concern that affects multiple organs.
However, cardiovascular problems arise infrequently, affecting fewer than 2% of cases, typically
presenting as endocarditis.

Case Presentation:

A 50-year male was admitted with low-grade fever, night sweats, weight
loss (13 kg), malaise, and generalized weakness for the past 6 months. On clinical examination,
he was febrile with 39.0°C, an average heart rate of 54 bpm, and 100/40 mmHg blood pressure.
On cardiovascular examination, S1 and S2 were soft with pan systolic murmur present in the mitral
area, and the early diastolic murmur was present in the left third intercostal space. Electrocardiography
was suggestive of third-degree heart block with AV dissociation. Transthoracic
echocardiography showed mobile vegetations attached to multiple valves- an aortic valve
(18.2x11.9mm) and a mitral valve (2.9x7.5mm) with perivalvular abscess. He was given oral
doxycycline (100mg B.D.) and rifampicin (600mg/day); the patient responded, but the AV block
did not resolve.

Conclusion:

This report has drawn attention to multivalvular involvement and cardiac rhythm
abnormalities in Brucellosis (in this case, A.V. dissociation was present) because early diagnosis
and treatment can cause a significant decrease in morbidity as well as mortality by appropriate
treatment.
Assessment of Lifetime Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: Time to Move
Forward
Authors: Sigala Evangelia G. , Panagiotakos Demosthenes B.
Published: July 2024

:

Over the past decades, there has been a notable increase in the risk of Cardiovascular
Disease (CVD), even among younger individuals. Policymakers and the health community have
revised CVD prevention programs to include younger people in order to take these new circumstances
into account. A variety of CVD risk assessment tools have been developed in the past
years with the aim of identifying potential CVD candidates at the population level; however,
they can hardly discriminate against younger individuals at high risk of CVD.Therefore, in addition
to the traditional 10-year CVD risk assessment, lifetime CVD risk assessment has recently
been recommended by the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology and
the European Society of Cardiology prevention guidelines, particularly for young individuals.
Methodologically, the benefits of these lifetime prediction models are the incorporation of left
truncation observed in survival curves and the risk of competing events which are not considered
equivalent in the common survival analysis. Thus, lifetime risk data are easily understandable
and can be utilized as a risk communication tool for Public Health surveillance. However,
given the peculiarities behind these estimates, structural harmonization should be conducted in
order to create a sex-, race-specific tool that is sensitive to accurately identifying individuals
who are at high risk of CVD. In this review manuscript, we present the most commonly used
lifetime CVD risk tools, elucidate several methodological and critical points, their limitations,
and the rationale behind their integration into everyday clinical practice.
Molecular Targets of Plant-based Alkaloids and Polyphenolics in Liver and Breast Cancer- An Insight into Anticancer Drug Development
Authors: Batool Salma , Asim Laiba , Qureshi Fawad Raffaq , Masood Ammara , Mushtaq Maria , Saleem Rahman Shah Zaib
Published: July 2024

Liver and Breast cancer are ranked as the most prevailing cancers that cause high cancer-related mortality.
As cancer is a life-threatening disease that affects the human population globally, there is a need to develop
novel therapies. Among the available treatment options include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery, and immunotherapy.
The most superlative modern method is the use of plant-derived anticancer drugs that target the cancerous
cells and inhibit their proliferation. Plant-derived compounds are generally considered safer than synthetic
drugs/traditional therapies and could serve as potential novel targets to treat liver and breast cancer to revolutionize
cancer treatment. Alkaloids and Polyphenols have been shown to act as anticancer agents through molecular
approaches. They disrupt various cellular mechanisms, inhibit the production of cyclins and CDKs to arrest the
cell cycle, and activate the DNA repairing mechanism by upregulating p53, p21, and p38 expression. In severe
cases, when no repair is possible, they induce apoptosis in liver and breast cancer cells by activating caspase-3, 8,
and 9 and increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. They also deactivate several signaling pathways, such as
PI3K/AKT/mTOR, STAT3, NF-κB, Shh, MAPK/ERK, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, to control cancer cell progression
and metastasis. The highlights of this review are the regulation of specific protein expressions that are
crucial in cancer, such as in HER2 over-expressing breast cancer cells; alkaloids and polyphenols have been
reported to reduce HER2 as well as MMP expression. This study reviewed more than 40 of the plant-based alkaloids
and polyphenols with specific molecular targets against liver and breast cancer. Among them, Oxymatrine,
Hirsutine, Piperine, Solamargine, and Brucine are currently under clinical trials by qualifying as potent anticancer
agents due to lesser side effects. As a lot of research is there on anticancer compounds, there is a desideratum to
compile data to move towards clinical trials phase 4 and control the prevalence of liver and breast cancer.
Development and Prospects of Lander Vibration-Damping Structures
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Zhao Bingru , Yang Yupeng , Li Tianyu
Published: July 2024

Active shock absorbers and more sophisticated cushioning materials are being used in
lander vibration-damping design due to the requirement for space exploration and scientific study.
This has allowed landers to land on more planetary surfaces and carry out a range of intricate scientific
studies. As a result, lander damping structure design and optimization are now crucial. To categorize
the lander shock absorption structures based on the various structural configurations and principles
of operation, to enumerate the features of each, and to forecast the direction of future development.
An analysis is conducted on the present state of many sample patents concerning structures
that absorb shock during landings. The development stage of currently available shock-absorbing
structures is examined in accordance with their properties, and the most recent patented technologies
are explained and contrasted. The development stage of currently available shock-absorbing structures
is examined in accordance with their properties and the most recent patented methods are explained
and contrasted. Problems of the vibration-damping structure are analyzed, and its development
trend is prospected. Results showed that Large landers and heavy loads are best served by mechanical
damping; medium-sized loads and environments requiring high damping control are best
served by magnetorheological fluid damping; complex environments and medium-to-large-sized
loads are best served by hydraulic damping; small loads and low damping requirements are best
served by collapsed-method damping.
Fabrication of an Immediate Complete Denture with Digital Workflow: A Case Report
Authors: Macrynikola Alkisti , Mitsios Christos , Roussou Vasilliki , Kourtis Stefanos
Published: July 2024

Aim

Digital impression and CAD/CAM fabrication have had a profound impact on the field of dentistry, reducing patient discomfort and offering time-efficient solutions in numerous instances. The digital workflow can be described as a clinical and laboratory process that commences with the acquisition of a digital impression of the edentulous jaw, followed by a digital tooth setup and the fabrication of a complete denture using CAD/CAM techniques. The primary aim of this clinical case report is to highlight the potential that digital dentistry presents in the context of complete dentures.

Case Report

In the case presented, a fully digital workflow was employed to fabricate a complete maxillary denture for a patient with failing implant restorations. This fully digital approach eliminated the necessity to remove the existing implant restoration until the final appointment, reducing the chairside appointments to just two, in contrast to the five appointments typically required in a conventional approach.

Conclusion

This case report describes a fully digital method for creating an immediate maxillary complete denture without the need for prior tooth extraction, optimizing both time efficiency and cost-effectiveness. However, further research with larger sample sizes is necessary to confirm the digital technique's superiority over conventional methods.