bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chromatic dispersion dependence of GAWBS phase noise compensation with pilot tone
Authors: Sato Kozo , Kan Takashi , Yoshida Masato , Kasai Keisuke , Hirooka Toshihiko , Nakazawa Masataka
Published: March 2021

We describe experimental and numerical results regarding the influence of chromatic dispersion in optical fibers on guided acoustic-wave Brillouin scattering (GAWBS) phase noise compensation with a pilot tone (PT). We compared the compensation performance for GAWBS phase noise generated in an ultra-large-area fiber (ULAF) where DULAF = 21 ps/nm/km with that in a dispersion-shifted fiber (DSF) where DDSF = -1.3 ps/nm/km and found that the performance depends strongly on chromatic dispersion. The numerical analysis shows that the group delay between the signal and PT caused by chromatic dispersion reduces the GAWBS noise correlation between them, which degrades the compensation performance for GAWBS phase noise. It is clarified that a condition for effective GAWBS compensation is that the group delay between the signal and PT should be less than half the period of the GAWBS phase noise component.
Convolutional long short-term memory neural network equalizer for nonlinear Fourier transform-based optical transmission systems
Authors: Kotlyar Oleksandr , Kamalian-Kopae Morteza , Pankratova Maryna , Vasylchenkova Anastasiia , Prilepsky Jaroslaw E. , Turitsyn Sergei K.
Published: March 2021

We evaluate improvement in the performance of the optical transmission systems operating with the continuous nonlinear Fourier spectrum by the artificial neural network equalisers installed at the receiver end. We propose here a novel equaliser designs based on bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) gated recurrent neural network and compare their performance with the equaliser based on several fully connected layers. The proposed approach accounts for the correlations between different nonlinear spectral components. The application of BLSTM equaliser leads to a 16x improvement in terms of bit-error rate (BER) compared to the non-equalised case. The proposed equaliser makes it possible to reach the data rate of 170 Gbit/s for one polarisation conventional nonlinear Fourier transform (NFT) based system at 1000 km distance. We show that our new BLSTM equalisers significantly outperform the previously proposed scheme based on a feed-forward fully connected neural network. Moreover, we demonstrate that by adding a 1D convolutional layer for the data pre-processing before BLSTM recurrent layers, we can further enhance the performance of the BLSTM equaliser, reaching 23x BER improvement for the 170 Gbit/s system over 1000 km, staying below the 7% forward error correction hard decision threshold (HD-FEC).
Nonlinear spatial reshaping of pulsed beam in a step-index few-mode optical fiber
Authors: Mohammadzahery Z. , Jandaghi M. , Alipour S. , Rizi S. Salimian , Hajinia E. , Aghayari E. , Nabavi H.
Published: March 2021

In this paper we demonstrate the spatial and spectral dynamics of pulse propagation in a step-index few-mode optical fiber, through an experimental and numerical analysis. The Kerr induced spatial self-cleaning is demonstrated by coupling a sub-nanosecond pulsed laser at 532nm into the fiber supporting above 10 modes. A bell-shaped and approximately single mode beam can be obtained for peak powers above 6kW and it remained relatively unchanged up to 25kW. But at significantly higher input peak powers, the spatial contents of spectral sidebands change dramatically, because of intermodal four wave mixing effect.
Aerosol optics model for black carbon applicable to remote sensing, chemical data assimilation, and climate modelling
Authors: Kahnert Michael , Kanngießer Franz
Published: March 2021

Aerosol optics models are an integral part of of climate models and of retrieval methods for global remote sensing observations. Such large-scale environmental applications place tight constraints on the affordable model complexity, which are difficult to reconcile with the considerable level of detail that is needed to capture the sensitivity of optical properties to morphological aerosol characteristics. Here, we develop a novel core-grey-shell dimer model and demonstrate its potential for reproducing radiometric and polarimetric properties of black carbon aerosols. The depolarisation is mainly sensitive to the relative size of the monomers, while the optical cross sections depend on the core-shell partitioning of black carbon. The optimum choice of these parameters is fairly stable across particle sizes and soot volume fraction, as is demonstrated by comparison with a more realistic coated aggregate model.
Phylogenetic study of Theileria ovis and Theileria lestoquardi in sheep from Egypt: Molecular evidence and genetic characterization
Authors: Al-Hosary Amira Adel , ElSify Ahmed , Salama Akram A. , Nayel Mohamed , Elkhtam Ahmed , Elmajdoub Layla Omran , Rizk Mohamed Abdo , Hawash Manal Mohammed , Al-Wabel Mohammad Ali , Almuzaini Abdulaziz M. , Ahmed Laila Salah El-Din , Paramasivam Anand , Mickymaray Suresh , Omar Mosaab A.
Published: March 2021

Background and Aim: Ovine theileriosis caused by Theileria ovis and Theileria lestoquardi is an important infectious disease affecting small ruminants in regions of the tropic and subtropic zones. There is limited studies about ovine theileriosis in Egypt; so the present study aims to assess the occurrence of ovine theileriosis in Egypt at the molecular level.

Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 115 randomly selected sheep, which were apparently healthy; the ages of the sampled sheep ranged from 1 to 5 years old, from a local breed (barkae and balade), and showed no symptoms indicating infection with Theileria spp. The study was conducted in three governorates representing Lower Egypt (Menoufia and Beheira) and Upper Egypt (El-Wady El-Geded). All blood samples were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and semi-nested PCR to target Theileria spp. 18S rRNA genes. Positive samples were sequenced, and these sequences were analyzed using nucleotide basic local alignment search tool (BLAST).

Results: Six animals (5.22%) were PCR-positive carriers for ovine theileriosis. Nucleotide BLAST and phylogenetic analyses of the six obtained sequences showed that T. ovis was present in five animals (4.37%) in Menoufia (n=2) and El-Wady El-Geded (n=3), whereas T. lestoquardi was detected in 1 animal (0.87%) in El-Wady El-Geded.

Conclusion: This study is the first to provide molecular evidence, genetic characterization, and phylogenetic analysis of ovine Theileria spp. in Egypt. Specifically, T. lestoquardi and T. ovis carrier statuses of sheep were confirmed. These results highlight the importance of developing an effective control strategy against ovine theileriosis carriers that might develop and/or spread theileriosis.
Первые результаты изотопного анализа антропологического материала позднекротовской (черноозерской) культуры памятника Тартас-1: реконструкция диеты и мобильности населения
Authors:   Институт археологии и этнографии СО РАН, Ж.В. Марченко , С. Райнхольд ,   Германский археологический институт, А.Е. Гришин ,   Институт археологии и этнографии СО РАН, Д.В. Поздняков ,   Институт археологии и этнографии СО РАН, К .А. Бабина ,   Институт археологии и этнографии СО РАН,   Новосибирский государственный университет, О.В. Батанина ,   Институт археологии и этнографии СО РАН
Published: March 2021

В позднекротовской части памятника Тартас-1 произведена выборка антропологического материала взрослого населения (n=22) для анализа соотношения изотопного содержания углерода (δ13С) и азота (δ15N) с целью определения белковой структуры диеты населения. Планиграфический анализ позволил условно разделить могильник на две части – северную и южную. В результате определено, что структура питания индивидуумов позднекротовской культуры из могильника Тартас-1 в целом основана на рыбе и мясе местных травоядных животных. Для части мужчин разных возрастных групп из северной части некрополя и для молодых женщин из южной планиграфической группы допускается вероятность потребления в последние годы их жизни продуктов (мясных и/или молочных) от травоядных животных более южного происхождения. Для мужчин такой характер связей предварительно оценивается как признаки достаточно длительных контактов с южными группами скотоводческих коллективов. В случае с молодыми женщинами эти связи могли отражать брачные контакты с южными соседями.
Рентгенофлюоресцентный анализ металлических изделий из скального погребения Узуур-Гялана (Монгольский Алтай)
Authors:   Ховдский государственный университет, Б.Ч. Мунхбаяр
Published: March 2021

The article describes the metalwork of the Uzuur Gyalan rock burial, popularly known online in 2016 as the «Adidas Mummy». The definitions and chemical composition of the metalware were compared with those of the time in the region. According to the results of the comparative study, the composition of the bronze mirror is very different from other bronze objects. However, bridles, saddle plaques, and ligaments are similar to the main non-ferrous metals in the region, but appear to have local characteristics. Further detailed comparative studies of the chemical composition of non-ferrous metal products in the tenth century are important steps in establishing regional cultural relations.
Рентгенофлюресцентный анализ одного древнего металлического изделия, обнаруженного на памятнике Шохидон в Таджикистане
Authors:   Алтайский государственный университет, А.А. Тишкин , Т.Г. Филимонова ,   Институт истории, археологии и этнографии им. А. Дониша
Published: March 2021

Памятник Шохидон, расположенный в Бальджуанском районе Хатлонской области Республики Таджикистан, известен как раннесредневековый могильник. Он раскапывался в течение нескольких полевых сезонов и является аварийным археологическим объектом. Полученные результаты уже частично введены в научный оборот. В 2013 г. на том же лессовом останце был обнаружен древний предмет, который идентифицируется как косметическая палочка. Подобные вещи неоднократно зафиксированы в разных комплексах периода ранней бронзы, исследованных на сопредельных территориях. Публикуемая находка имеет специфическое оформление и выделяется своими размерами, несмотря на то, что часть лопатки обломана. В данной публикации приводятся результаты рентгенофлюоресцентного анализа, которые свидетельствуют о том, что изделие изготовлено из меди с нaличием рудных примесей. Имеющиеся сведения позволяют предполагать, что на территории с. Сари-Хосор или в его окрестностях может располагаться более древний памятник.
Могильник Танай-12 среди идентичных памятников Южной Сибири
Authors:   Кемеровский государственный университет, В.В. Бобров
Published: March 2021

В статье дана культурная принадлежность и статистика захоронений как грунтового, так и курганного типа на площади некрополя Танай-12. Это позволило установить его идентичность грунтовому могильнику Еловского археологического комплекса (ЕК-II), что дало возможность подтвердить некоторые выводы, полученные в результате его исследования. В частности о хронологическом соотношении андроновских и андроноидных захоронений. Предложена идея о том, что интервал хронологического разрыва между ними еще не привел к разрушению видимых признаков андроновских могил. Поставлен вопрос о типичности для погребальной практики населения андроноидных культур Южной Сибири совершать захоронения на андроновских кладбищах. Анализ некрополей Кулундинской степи, Барнаульско-Бийского, Новосибирского и Томского Приобья, северных котловин Среднего Енисея позволил установить, что эта погребальная практика была свойственна только населению северо-восточной периферии бывшего андроновского ареала.
Керамика из погребений охотников-рыболовов бронзового века Приольхонья
Authors:   Иркутский государственный университет, А.Г. Новиков , О.И. Горюнова ,   Иркутский государственный университет
Published: March 2021

Проведен морфологический анализ керамических материалов из погребальных комплексов охотников-рыболовов бронзового века Приольхонья. В основу положены фрагменты 17 сосудов из четырех могильников (Хужир-Нугэ-XIV, Хадарта-IV, Улярба-II и Туаханэ-IX). Выявлены характерные черты керамической посуды. Все сосуды круглодонные либо остродонные. Преобладают простые, закрытые формы. Керамика гладкостенная и штриховая. Для орнаментации характерны: «жемчужины»; построения из рядов, выполненных штамповыми вдавлениями или отступающей техникой; сочетания «жемчужин» с рядами штамповых вдавлений или прочерченных линий. Выделяется сосуд из погребения №4 Хадарты-IV, оформленный «жемчужинами» и антропоморфными изображениями, выполненными прочерчиванием. Отмечены единичные сосуды, украшенные ногтевыми защипами. Выделенные группы керамики находят аналогии с материалами мультислойчатых стоянок бронзового века региона. Проведенные сравнения показали, что вся исследованная керамика характерна для бронзового века Приольхонья хронологического диапазона 4430–3590 кал. л.н. Выделяется стратиграфически и типологически комплекс с керамикой, украшенной ногтевыми защипами, датируемый в пределах 3370–3230 кал. л.н.
Набор астрагалов как жертва оставления жилища на поселении позднего бронзового века в Приазовье
Authors:   Донецкий краеведческий музей, А.Н. Усачук
Published: March 2021

Во время раскопок поселения позднего бронзового века Макри Хая в Северо-Восточном Приазовье в начале 1980-х гг. был исследован своеобразный ритуальный комплекс: в углу постройки на полу найдено скопление астрагалов (таранных костей) мелкого рогатого скота с каменной круглой плиткой неподалеку. Комплекс трактуется как жертва оставления жилища, а плитка рядом воспринимается как бита – принадлежность игры на выбивание. Изучение набора de visu позволило выявить и устранить ошибки, связанные с этим комплексом, уточнить детали изготовления и использования найденных таранных костей и подойти к ответу на вопрос – действительно ли в углу жилища был положен ритуально/игральный набор, и может ли каменный диск быть битой. В процессе изучения материалов раскопок поселения обнаружен целый ряд плоских каменных дисков, что заставляет более внимательно присмотреться к этому типу изделий. Каменные изделия же иных форм, найденные на поселении, могли, наряду с возможной «битой» возле астрагалов, служить принадлежностями каких-то игр, где использовались не только астрагалы, но и каменные фишки, так называемые «крем’яхи».
О кульёганском типе памятников
Authors:   Уральский государственный педагогический университет, Ю.П. Чемякин
Published: March 2021

Рассматривается кульёганский тип археологических памятников Сургутского Приобья (1–2-я трети II тыс. до н.э.), относящийся к одному из ранних локальных вариантов КИО керамики с гребенчато-ямочной орнаментацией. В Среднеобье известно ок. 40 памятников. Раскопаны остатки 19 построек, в том числе укрепленные жилища. Керамика – открытые и закрытые плоскодонные толстостенные банки удлиненных пропорций, украшенные в основном гребенчатым штампом. Ор- наментальные композиции состоят из монотонных поясков вертикальных или наклонных оттисков «гребенки», прямых линий, зигзагов, чередующихся с рядами ямок разной формы или зонами каннелюров. Есть пальцевые вдавления. Геометрические фигуры редки. Наиболее близки кульёганским поздние полымьятские сосуды, а также с Большеларьякских поселений. Есть параллели с посудой ташковской, кротовской, степановской, одиновской культур и тух-эмторского типа. На памятниках найдены также невыразительные каменные изделия, глиняные грузила, обломки литейных форм, тигли, сопла, капли металла, обломки изделий.
«Оленный» камень с циркульным орнаментом» из Западной Монголии
Authors:   Институт исследования Монгольского Алтая, Ю.И. Ожередов
Published: March 2021

Целью настоящего сообщения является введение в научный оборот уникального статуарного памятника, изученного международной российско-монгольской археологической экспедицией в сомоне Ховд Ховдского аймака Западной Монголии. «Оленный» камень, установленный у херексура на вершине перевала Давдаг-Кутул, на сегодняшний день является единственным изваянием данного типа, широкие грани которого целиком «записаны» циркульным (кружковым) орнаментом. Многочисленные вещественные и литературные источники доказывают, что данный мотив имеет широчайшую популярность от эпохи камня до Нового времени. При этом географический диапазон бытования охватывает не только культуры и народы Евразии, но захватывает часть племен Африки, Северной и Южной Америки. В части семантического восприятия орнамента в разных культурах мнения специалистов разделились и пока не находят единства. Существует несколько несходных точек зрения, объединяющихся лишь убеждением в сакральном значении этого орнамента, его магических способностях и сверхъестественных свойствах. Насколько уникальное оформление может явиться причиной для выделения новой дефиниции в типологической линейке «оленных» камней, покажут время и новые находки.
Исследование многослойных разнокультурных комплексов Верхнего Причумышья: памятники в урочищах Коврижка и Курноска
Authors:   Алтайский государственный университет, А.Л. Кунгуров , О.Ф. Кунгурова ,   Финансовый университет при правительстве Российской Федерации, Барнаульский филиал
Published: March 2021

Верхнее Причумышье – это регион, объединяющий две разных орографических зоны: Бийско-Чумышскую возвышенность и Салаирский кряж. В настоящее время он является одним из наиболее исследованных археологических районов. Особенности формирования долины Чумыша привели к образованию долинно-балочного рельефа с большим количеством выразительных микродолин, мысов и малых притоков. В различные периоды истории участки долины, наиболее удобные для проживания и реализации присваивающего и производящего хозяйства, заселялись неоднократно. На ряде памятников зафиксированы сочетания разновременных поселений и грунтовых некрополей. Часть подобных комплексов – Усть-Васиха-2, Степь-Чумыш Маслозавод, Усть-Шамониха-1 опубликованы. В статье представлены результаты изучения материалов многослойных памятников Коврижки-1, 2 и Курноски-1–3, расположенных на юго-западных отрогах Салаира в левобережье долины Чумыша. Кроме культурных слоев корначакской (неолит) и быстрянской (ранний железный век) культур, на памятнике Коврижка-2 обнаружено погребение андроновской культуры. Настоящей работой авторы продолжают цикл исследований, посвященных публикации многослойных памятников региона. Также планируется публикация комплексов урочищ Улус, Куюк, Манжиха и др.
Культурно-историческая область раннего железного века в таежной зоне средней Сибири (постановка проблемы)
Authors:   Сибирский федеральный университет, П.В. Мандрыка
Published: March 2021

Предлагается рассматривать ареал памятников цэпаньской культуры, занимающей подзону южной тайги Средней Сибири от Енисея до Лены, как культурно-историческую область. Она будет объединять варианты культуры в «енисейской», «нижнеангарской», «североангарской» и «верхнеленской» группе памятников. Вместе с объединяющими признаками («вторичность», перезахоронение костяка в погребальном обряде, облик керамики, набор оружия) для каждого варианта выделены свои особенности, состоящие из способов хозяйствования, устройства поселений, металлургии, набора каменных, бронзовых и костяных орудий, разных типов керамики (каменско-маковского, карабульского, взвозовского), форм сосудов-дымокуров, облика культовых предметов и антропоморфных изображений. Сложение вариантов обусловлено как истоками формирования культуры из шепилевских, самоделкинских, глазковских и усть-мильских комплексов, так и культурными контактами с сопредельными территориями – скотоводами Среднего Енисея и охотниками Якутской тайги скифского времени.
База данных археологических комплексов раннесредневековых тюрок Монголии
Authors: Н.Н. Серегин , С.С. Радовский , Т.-О. Идэрхангай
Published: March 2021

В статье представлен опыт разработки и наполнения базы данных, включающей разноплановую информацию о погребальных и поминальных комплексах раннесредневековых тюрок Монголии. При формировании этого ресурса учтены все известные авторам материалы – как полностью опубликованные объекты, так и частично введенные в научный оборот, а также сведения, содержащиеся в отчетах о полевых исследованиях. Рассматривались только раскопанные сооружения, имеющие наибольший потенциал для последующих реконструкций. В рамках базы данных обобщены сведения о более чем 40 погребениях и 50 оградках, изученных на 30 некрополях и 15 поминальных комплексах соответственно. Подробно представлена структура информационного ресурса с перечнем его тематических разделов. Продемонстрированы возможности расширения базы данных, а также ее использования в работе исследователей (историков, археологов) и музейных сотрудников. База данных станет основой для lальнейшего изучения общих и особенных характеристик обрядовой практики раннесредневековых тюрок Монголии, а также реконструкции сложных этнокультурных и социально-политических процессов, происходивших на обозначенной территории во 2-й половине I тыс. н.э.
The role conflict of physical education and sport teachers in Turkey: Teaching or coaching?
Authors: Fakazlı Ahmet Emre , İlhan Ekrem Levent
Published: March 2021

Physical education (PE) teachers in Turkey fulfill the coaching role within school sports activities in addition to teaching roles. However, coaching and teaching are different professional fields. In this regard, it is estimated that PE teachers experience role conflicts in the current system. The present study aimed to evaluate the role conflict situation from different perspectives in accordance with the opinions of the PE teachers. Six PE teachers, three female and three males, voluntarily participated in the study. In order to examine the role conflict in depth and to explain this situation better, the research was designed as phenomenology in qualitative research method A semi-structured interview form prepared by the researchers was used as a data collection tool. In the analysis of the data obtained, content analysis method was used to make objective and systematic inferences. The study yielded the outcome that especially young PE teachers had a role conflict and that they were negatively affected by this situation. PE teachers with a high level of sportive background stated that they felt closer to the coaching role than the teaching role. Finally, all PE teachers who participated in the study emphasized that coach support was very important in this process. They also reported that they could not spare time for their families and relatives due to high training hours and that they experienced physical and mental fatigue.
 
Özet
Türkiye’de beden eğitimi (BE) öğretmenleri öğretmenlik rollerinin yanında okul sporları faaliyetleri kapsamında antrenörlük rolünü de yerine getirmektedirler. Ancak antrenörlük ve öğretmenlik birbirinden farklı mesleki alanlardır. Bu kapsamda, BE öğretmenlerinin mevcut sistem içerisinde rol çatışması yaşadıkları öngörülmüştür. Bu araştırmada, rol çatışması durumunun Türkiye’deki BE öğretmenlerinin görüşleri doğrultusunda farklı açılardan değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya üç kadın, üç erkek olmak üzere toplamda altı BE öğretmeni gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Araştırma, rol çatışması durumunu derinlemesine incelemek ve bu durumu daha iyi açıklamak amacıyla nitel araştırma yönteminde fenomenoloji deseninde tasarlanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanmış yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde, objektif ve sistematik çıkarımlar yapmak amacıyla içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, özellikle genç BE öğretmenlerinin bu durumdan olumsuz etkilendikleri ve rol çatışması yaşadıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Üst düzey sportif geçmişe sahip BE öğretmenleri öğretmenlik rolüne kıyasla antrenörlük rolüne kendilerini daha yakın hissettiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Son olarak, araştırmaya katılan tüm BE öğretmenleri yüksek antrenman saatleri sebebiyle aile ve yakınlarına vakit ayıramadıkları, fiziksel ve zihinsel anlamda yorgunluk yaşadıklarını ifade ederek, antrenör desteğinin bu süreçte oldukça önemli olduğunu vurgulamışlardır.
Investigation of individual anxiety levels of sedentary and athletes in the novel coronavirus
Authors: Güler Hasan , Cicioğlu Halil İbrahim
Published: March 2021

This study aims to examine the anxiety of getting COVID-19 according to different variables in terms of sedentary and athletes. In the study designed with a quantitative model, the Athlete's Anxiety Scale for the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) was used and Pearson Correlation analysis was used with the t-test. 86 active sports athletes and 84 sedentary athletes with licenses in different branches participated in the study. In the study, it was determined that the individual anxiety levels of women were significantly higher in getting COVID-19 compared to men, and sedentary people compared to athletes. It has been determined that the level of anxiety of those who have caught COVID-19 before, in catching COVID-19, is significantly higher than those who have caught this disease. In addition, no significant relationship was found between the age of the participants and individual anxiety. As a result of the research, it can be said that the level of individual anxiety in catching COVID-19 is negatively affected by the state of doing sports.
Özet
Bu çalışma COVID-19 yakalanma kaygısını sedanter ve sporcular açısından farklı değişkenlere göre incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Nicel modelle tasarlanan araştırmada Sporcunun Yeni Koronavirüse (COVID-19) Yakalanma Kaygısı Ölçeği kullanılmış ve t-testi ile Pearson Korelasyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmaya, farklı branşlarda lisansa sahip aktif spor yapan 86 sporcu ve 84 sedanter katıldı. Araştırmda kadınlarrın erkeklere göre, sedanterlerin ise sporculara göre COVID-19’a yakalanmada bireysel kaygı düzeylerinin anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Daha önce COVID-19’a yakalanmayaların, COVID-19’a yakalanmada bireysel kaygı düzeyinin bu hastalığa yakalananlara göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcıların yaşı ile bireysel kaygı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır. Araştırma sonucunda COVID-19’a yakalanmada bireysel kaygı düzeyinin spor yapma durumundan olumsuz etkilendiği söylenebilir.
Determinants of Innovativeness in Manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises in Kenya
Authors: Mkalama Ben , Ndemo E. Bitange , Maalu Jackson , Pokhariyal Ganesh
Published: March 2021

In spite of firm innovativeness being identified as essential for growth, there exists a dearth of studies that relate entrepreneurial orientation and innovativeness in manufacturing small and medium enterprises in the developing world. In this article, we unpack the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation and examine their influence on innovativeness of manufacturing small and medium manufacturing enterprises. This was a cross sectional survey with a stratified sample size of 363 firms.   Regression models were used to validate the derived hypothesis. We discuss the implications of the results which show that the dimensions were individually not found to have a significant effect on innovation but yet entrepreneurial orientation had an influence on firm innovativeness. We identify the need for additional studies to broaden the scope of future studies across several geographies. We conclude by challenging the ever-dynamic local institutional policies that have not had a significant impact on the effect of entrepreneurial orientation on innovativeness of SMEs across many developing countries.
THE ANTECEDENT OF EDUCATIONAL STAFF CONTEXTUAL PERFORMANCE IN MEDAN CITY PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Supriadi . , Dalimunthe Ritha F. , Lumbanraja Prihatin , Tarmizi H. B.
Published: March 2021

Resource Based View (RBV) theory appears often used to create models that explain how to achieve firm performance in an effort to win the competition. The level of analysis unit used by the RBV theory base is organization. The issue that arises in this RBV theory is its ability to reach the unit of analysis at the individual or individual level. To become an employee who has contextual performance, requirements are needed, among others, employees have valuable resources, where these resources will be able to exploit opportunities and neutralize threats, have scarce resources among existing employees, cannot be imitated, not equivalent as a substitute. The aim of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of cultural openness, personal and organizational suitability, and organizational climate on partially innovative work behavior. To identify and analyze the effect of cultural openness, personal and organizational suitability, organizational climate and innovative work behavior towards a partially contextual performance. To identify and analyze the effect of cultural openness on contextual performance which mediated by innovative work behavior. To identify and analyze the effect of personal and organizational suitability on contextual performance which mediated by innovative work behavior. To identify and analyze the influence of organizational climate towards contextual performance mediated by innovative work behavior. To identify and analyze the influence of organizational climate towards innovative work behavior moderated by intrinsic motivation. To identify and analyze the influence of organizational climate towards contextual performance moderated by intrinsic motivation.
THE LANGUAGE OF THE “LIVING LIGHT”: SEMIO-BIO-PHOTONICS, ANOTHER EMERGENT APPROACH
Authors: Stanciulescu Traian D. , Nilaya Shanti
Published: March 2021

The intention of the present paper is to propose an original connection between semiotics and biophotonics, the unconventional discipline considered as the study of the “ultraweak delayed  bioluminescence” emitted by all the living systems (Popp, 1989). The synergy of semiotics and biophotonics − able to assume scientifically the language of the “living light” − is representing the strategy already named by authors Semio-Bio-Photonics (SBPh: Stănciulescu, Nilaya, 2017). In order to define it, the paper is briefly describing and justifying the SBPh scenario of the consciousness and implicitly of (verbal) language genesis. So, the purpose of the present synthesis is to finally recognize that a SBPh integrative approach is indeed possible and necessary for understanding who the real homo significans and homo loquens  is.
IMPACT OF THE HBM PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC MODEL ON ANXIETY DISORDER: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Certal Catarina , Medeiros Milene
Published: March 2021

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive worrying and/or fear in everyday contexts, for at least 6 months (APA, 2014). The study participant is female, 41 years old and she has severe anxiety symptoms. We used as a method a psychodiagnosis with a clinical interview, following the assessment protocol of the Human Behavior Map Model (HBM), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Beck Depression Inventory - Second Edition (BDI-II). The theoretical framework adopted was the HBM Psychotherapeutic Model, in which the intervention was anchored on the human behavior map. This map describes the conscious and unconscious processes of the human mind. HBM has two techniques to release emotional states: athenese and morfese (Certal et al., 2016). This intervention led to the improvement of the studied variables in the participant, particularly the reduction of the GAD symptoms.
Relationships between teacher practices in secondary education and first-year students’ adjustment and academic achievement
Authors: Van der Zanden Petrie , Denessen Eddie , Cillessen Anthonius H. N. , Meijer Paulien C.
Published: March 2021

To ease the transition to university, preparation in secondary school is often seen as a first step. This study investigated longitudinal relationships between teacher practices in secondary education (i.e., emotional support, autonomy support, and student-centred teacher practices) and first-year students’ academic achievement and social and emotional adjustment at university. We focused on students’ perceptions of their teachers’ practices to, on the one hand, take individual differences into account and, on the other hand, to investigate differences in teacher practices between schools. In a three-wave longitudinal study, 235 students were followed from their final year of secondary school to the end of the first year at university. The results indicated that teacher practices related to students’ social and emotional adjustment across the transition to university, but not to their academic achievement. Specifically, we found that perceived teachers’ emotional support was related to students’ social adjustment at university whereas autonomy support was associated with emotional adjustment. Differences in teacher practices between schools were quite small. This study indicated that teachers in secondary education might play a pivotal role in preparing students for university. This role goes beyond preparing students for academic achievement, as teachers may have a long-term impact on first-year students’ social and emotional adjustment.
How Different Diversity Factors Affect the Perception of First-Year Requirements in Higher Education
Authors: Bohndick Carla , Bosse Elke , Jänsch Vanessa K. , Barnat Miriam
Published: March 2021

In the light of growing university entry rates, higher education institutions not only serve larger numbers of students, but also seek to meet first-year students’ ever more diverse needs. Yet to inform universities how to support the transition to higher education, research only offers limited insights. Current studies tend to either focus on the individual factors that affect student success or they highlight students’ social background and their educational biography in order to examine the achievement of selected, non-traditional groups of students. Both lines of research appear to lack integration and often fail to take organisational diversity into account, such as different types of higher education institutions or degree programmes. For a more comprehensive understanding of student diversity, the present study includes individual, social and organisational factors. To gain insights into their role for the transition to higher education, we examine how the different factors affect the students’ perception of the formal and informal requirements of the first year as more or less difficult to cope with. As the perceived requirements result from both the characteristics of the students and the institutional context, they allow to investigate transition at the interface of the micro and the meso level of higher education. Latent profile analyses revealed that there are no profiles with complex patterns of perception of the first-year requirements, but the identified groups rather differ in the overall level of perceived challenges. Moreover, SEM indicates that the differences in the perception largely depend on the individual factors self-efficacy and volition.
Bridging contextual and individual factors of academic achievement: a multi-level analysis of diversity in the transition to higher education
Authors: De Clercq Mikaël , Galand Benoît , Hospel Virginie , Frenay Mariane
Published: March 2021

The transition to higher education has been extensively documented in the literature. In this line, many individual variables were identified as strong predictors of academic achievement. Yet, this literature suffers from one main limitation; contextual factors have often been left out of the investigation. The majority of studies have tested the impact of individual characteristics assuming that the effects are the same in different programs. However, differences between institutions or programs could result in specific learning contexts leading to different adjustment processes. As an attempt to overcome this limitation, the current study has investigated the impact of both individual and contextual factors on academic achievement through a multifactorial multilevel analysis. The analyses were carried out on 1,173 freshmen from 21 study programs. Results highlighted that 15% of variation in students’ achievement was found between programs. Aspects of curriculum organization that contributed to academic achievement were gender ratio, opportunities given for practice and class size. Besides, seven individual factors were also predictive of academic achievement in the multifactorial approach: past performance, socioeconomic status, self-efficacy beliefs, value, mastery goal structure, study time and paid job. Finally, significant random effects were identified for peer support, course value, attendance and external engagement (i.e. commitment in extra-academic activities). The implications and limitations of this study are discussed. By connecting individual and contextual predictors of academic achievement this study intends to endorse a frontline approach regarding the transition to higher education.
From Micro to Macro
Authors: De Clercq Mikaël , Jansen Ellen , Brahm Taiga , Bosse Elke
Published: March 2021

Transition into higher education (HE) remains at the forefront of policy and practice in education worldwide (Gale & Parker, 2014). Transition as a process (Nicholson, 1990) in which individuals move from one stage to another may cause stress and discomfort that possibly lead to negative outcomes. Transition into HE is a particularly challenging process for the student due to a large variety of difficulties and requirements which could impede study success (Trautwein & Bosse, 2017). Moreover, increasing student numbers and diversity in European HE have reinforced concerns about study success in general and the successful transition to university in particular (Abbott-Chapmann, 2006, 2011; Vossensteyn et al., 2015; Wolter, 2013). Consequently, it is important to further develop our understanding of factors that can contribute to a successful and less stressful transitions into higher education for a diverse student body. In this special issue, we go beyond considering individual factors, such as student characteristics (micro level). In addition to student diversity, we investigate the impact of the learning environment/ institution (meso level) and national educational policies (macro level). Each study contributes to this endeavour by connecting two of the three levels of higher education.
The dual cone of sums of non-negative circuit polynomials
Authors: Dressler Mareike , Naumann Helen , Theobald Thorsten
Published: March 2021

For a non-empty, finite subset

A

⊆

N

0
n

$\mathcal{A} \subseteq \mathbb{N}_0^n$

let C
sonc(𝒜) ∈ ℝ[x
1, . . . , xn
] be the cone of sums of non-negative circuit polynomials with support 𝒜. We derive a representation of the dual cone (C
sonc(𝒜))∗ and deduce an optimality criterion for sums of non-negative circuit polynomials in polynomial optimization.
On static manifolds and related critical spaces with cyclic parallel Ricci tensor
Authors: Baltazar H. , Da Silva A.
Published: March 2021

We classify 3-dimensional compact Riemannian manifolds (M
3, g) that admit a non-constant solution to the equation −Δfg +Hess f − f Ric = μ Ric +λg for some special constants (μ, λ), under the assumption that the manifold has cyclic parallel Ricci tensor. Namely, the structures that we study here are: positive static triples, critical metrics of the volume functional, and critical metrics of the total scalar curvature functional. We also classify n-dimensional critical metrics of the volume functional with non-positive scalar curvature and satisfying the cyclic parallel Ricci tensor condition.
Rational conic fibrations of sectional genus two
Authors: Lanteri Antonio , Mallavibarrena Raquel
Published: March 2021

Polarized rational surfaces (X, L) of sectional genus two ruled in conics are studied. When they are not minimal, they are described as the blow-up of 𝔽1 at some points lying on distinct fibers. Ampleness and very ampleness of L are studied in terms of their location. When L is very ample and there is a line contained in X and transverse to the fibers, the conic fibrations (X, L) are classified and a related property concerned with the inflectional locus is discussed.
Should Liability Insurance Be Compulsory for Bicycle Accidents?
Authors: Okura Mahito , Sakaki Motohiro , Yoshizawa Takuya
Published: March 2021

This study examines whether the introduction of compulsory bicycle liability insurance is socially desirable when evaluation bias—the difference between the objective and subjective evaluations of liability amounts—exists. The main results of this study are summarized as follows. First, when there is no evaluation bias, the introduction of compulsory bicycle liability insurance is socially desirable when the interest rate is high without any condition, and the loading rate is low, the maximum amount of liability is small, and the effort cost is high if the loading rate is higher than the interest rate. Second, if there is an evaluation bias and the accident probability is uniformly distributed, more severe additional conditions are needed for deriving the same results. The study concludes that the evaluation bias prevents the realization of the situation in which the introduction of compulsory bicycle liability insurance is socially desirable.
Biochemical assessment of metabolic associated fatty liver disease
Authors: Guerra-Ruiz Armando R. , Casals Gregori , Iruzubieta Paula , Lalana Marta , Leis Alba , López Rosa María , Crespo Javier , Morales-Ruiz Manuel
Published: March 2021

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is defined as fat accumulation in the liver in the presence of metabolic alterations. This disorder is generally asymptomatic and may progress to severe liver disease, which are linked to inflammation and/or fibrosis. MAFLD has a high prevalence (26%) and therefore a considerable number of patients are at high risk of having advanced liver disease. This document provides an overview of the most relevant serological markers in the characterization and diagnosis of MAFLD. An example is provided of a routine diagnostic algorithm that incorporates serological testing. A range of useful serological scores are currently available for the management of MAFLD patients, especially for the stratification of patients at risk of fibrosis. A large proportion of the population is at risk of developing severe liver disease. The integration of non-invasive serological markers in the stratification of patients at risk for liver fibrosis may contribute to improve the control and management of MAFLD patients.
Existence and Multiplicity Results for a Class of Coupled Quasilinear Elliptic Systems of Gradient Type
Authors: Candela Anna Maria , Salvatore Addolorata , Sportelli Caterina
Published: March 2021

The aim of this paper is investigating the existence of one or more weak solutions of the coupled quasilinear elliptic system of gradient type

\textup{(P)}{-div⁡(A⁢(x,u)⁢|∇⁡u|p1-2⁢∇⁡u)+1p1⁢Au⁢(x,u)⁢|∇⁡u|p1=Gu⁢(x,u,v)in Ω,-div⁡(B⁢(x,v)⁢|∇⁡v|p2-2⁢∇⁡v)+1p2⁢Bv⁢(x,v)⁢|∇⁡v|p2=Gv⁢(x,u,v)in Ω,u=v=0on ∂⁡Ω,\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle-\operatorname{div}(A(x,u)|\nabla u|^{p_{1% }-2}\nabla u)+\frac{1}{p_{1}}A_{u}(x,u)|\nabla u|^{p_{1}}&\displaystyle=G_{u}(% x,u,v)&&\displaystyle\phantom{}\text{in~{}${\Omega}$,}\\ \displaystyle-\operatorname{div}(B(x,v)|\nabla v|^{p_{2}-2}\nabla v)+\frac{1}{% p_{2}}B_{v}(x,v)|\nabla v|^{p_{2}}&\displaystyle=G_{v}(x,u,v)&&\displaystyle% \phantom{}\text{in~{}${\Omega}$,}\\ \displaystyle u=v&\displaystyle=0&&\displaystyle\phantom{}\text{on ${\partial% \Omega}$,}\end{aligned}\right.

whereΩ⊂ℝN{\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{N}}is an open bounded domain,p1{p_{1}},p2>1{p_{2}>1}andA⁢(x,u){A(x,u)},B⁢(x,v){B(x,v)}are𝒞1{\mathcal{C}^{1}}-Carathéodory functions onΩ×ℝ{\Omega\times\mathbb{R}}with partial derivativesAu⁢(x,u){A_{u}(x,u)}, respectivelyBv⁢(x,v){B_{v}(x,v)}, whileGu⁢(x,u,v){G_{u}(x,u,v)},Gv⁢(x,u,v){G_{v}(x,u,v)}are given Carathéodory maps defined onΩ×ℝ×ℝ{\Omega\times\mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R}}which are partial derivatives of a functionG⁢(x,u,v){G(x,u,v)}. We prove that, even if the coefficients make the variational approach more difficult, under suitable hypotheses functional𝒥{{\mathcal{J}}}, related to problem (P), admits at least one critical point in the “right” Banach spaceX. Moreover, if𝒥{{\mathcal{J}}}is even, then (P) has infinitely many weak bounded solutions. The proof, which exploits the interaction between two different norms, is based on a weak version of the Cerami–Palais–Smale condition, a “good” decomposition of the Banach spaceXand suitable generalizations of the Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz Mountain Pass Theorems.
Sharp Hardy Identities and Inequalities on Carnot Groups
Authors: Flynn Joshua , Lam Nguyen , Lu Guozhen
Published: March 2021

In this paper we establish general weighted Hardy identities for several subelliptic settings including Hardy identities on the Heisenberg group, Carnot groups with respect to a homogeneous gauge and Carnot–Carathéodory metric, general nilpotent groups, and certain families of Hörmander vector fields. We also introduce new weighted uncertainty principles in these settings. This is done by continuing the program initiated by [N. Lam, G. Lu and L. Zhang, Factorizations and Hardy’s-type identities and inequalities on upper half spaces, Calc. Var. Partial Differential Equations 58 2019, 6, Paper No. 183; N. Lam, G. Lu and L. Zhang, Geometric Hardy’s inequalities with general distance functions, J. Funct. Anal. 279 2020, 8, Article ID 108673] of using the Bessel pairs introduced by [N. Ghoussoub and A. Moradifam, Functional Inequalities: New Perspectives and New Applications, Math. Surveys Monogr. 187, American Mathematical Society, Providence, 2013] to obtain Hardy identities. Using these identities, we are able to improve significantly existing Hardy inequalities in the literature in the aforementioned subelliptic settings. In particular, we establish the Hardy identities and inequalities in the spirit of [H. Brezis and J. L. Vázquez, Blow-up solutions of some nonlinear elliptic problems, Rev. Mat. Univ. Complut. Madrid 10 1997, 443–469] and [H. Brezis and M. Marcus, Hardy’s inequalities revisited. Dedicated to Ennio De Giorgi, Ann. Sc. Norm. Super. Pisa Cl. Sci. (4) 25 1997, 1–2, 217–237] in these settings.
Large Energy Bubble Solutions for Schrödinger Equation with Supercritical Growth
Authors: Guo Yuxia , Liu Ting
Published: March 2021

We consider the following nonlinear Schrödinger equation involving supercritical growth:

{

-

Δ
⁢
u

+

V
⁢

(
y
)

⁢
u

=

Q
⁢

(
y
)

⁢

u

2
*

-
1

+
ε

in 
⁢

ℝ
N

,

u
>
0

,

u
∈

H
1

⁢

(

ℝ
N

)

,

\left\{\begin{aligned} &\displaystyle{-}\Delta u+V(y)u=Q(y)u^{2^{*}-1+% \varepsilon}&&\displaystyle\phantom{}\text{in }\mathbb{R}^{N},\\ &\displaystyle u>0,\quad u\in H^{1}(\mathbb{R}^{N}),\end{aligned}\right.{}

where

2
*

=

2
⁢
N

N
-
2

{2^{*}=\frac{2N}{N-2}}

is the critical Sobolev exponent,

N
≥
5

{N\geq 5}

, and

V
⁢

(
y
)

{V(y)}

and

Q
⁢

(
y
)

{Q(y)}

are bounded nonnegative functions in

ℝ
N

{\mathbb{R}^{N}}

. By using the finite reduction argument and local Pohozaev-type identities, under some suitable assumptions on the functions V and Q, we prove that for

ε
>
0

{\varepsilon>0}

is small enough, problem

(
*
)

{(*)}

has large number of bubble solutions whose functional energy is in the order

ε

-

N
-
4

(

N
-
2

)

2

.

{\varepsilon^{-\frac{N-4}{(N-2)^{2}}}.}