bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative bacterial contamination in operations for craniotomy
Authors: Shen Yuan , Dong Chunli , Wang Ruizhi
Published: October 2022

Background:Intraoperative wound sterility in neurosurgical patients were rarely reported. This study used swab samples to prospectively assess the surgical field sterility of craniotomy.Methods:Forty patients admitted for craniotomy were included for surgical field bacterial contamination study during 15 months period. The specimens for bacterial culture were from the skin before cleansing (craniotomy specimen (CS) 1), (CS2) the skin after antiseptic cleansing but before dressing, (CS3) skull immediately after exposure, (CS4) dura immediately after exposure, (CS5) dura immediately before wound closure, (CS6) skull immediately before wound closure, and (CS7) uncovered blood agar plates placed near the instrument table at the marginal laminar air flow (LAF) area for 30 minutes after dura exposure. The culture was conducted on blood agar plates for 5 days to allow for bacterial growth.Results:The culture was positive in CS1 in 34 patients (85.0%), CS5 in 1 patients (2.5%), CS6 in 1 patient (2.5%), and CS7 in 8 patients (20%). No bacterial growth was observed in all CS2-CS4. The frequency of positive cultures in CS5 is significantly higher than that in CS5 and CS6 (P=0.007). The detected bacterial species were indigenous bacteria of the skin.Conclusions:Our study demonstrated low rate of wound contamination during craniotomy. Cultures were more frequently positive in specimens obtained in the marginal LAF area than those in the surgical field.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of human immune-deficiency virus post exposure prophylaxis among health care workers of governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Authors’ detail and affiliation
Authors: Abebe Asmamaw , Adal Ousman , Ayele Teshome
Published: October 2022

Objectives
The main objective of this study will be to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of human immune deficiency virus post-exposure prophylaxis for health care workers in government hospitals in the city of Addis Ababa.
Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive study conducted from March to April 2022. The lottery method of simple random sampling technique used to select six government hospitals. Structured self-administered questionnaires used to collect data, which coded to Microsoft Excel and then exported to SPSS Version 26 for descriptive analysis.
Results
large proportion of respondents, 51.6%, found to have poor knowledge about post exposure prophylaxis for human immune deficiency virus. However, most respondents (54.2%) had a favorable attitude toward post-exposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus, while a significant number of respondents (63.6%) had poor practice.
Conclusion
A significant proportion of respondents had poor knowledge and practice towards post exposure prophylaxis for human immune deficiency virus, even though they had relatively favorable attitudes. Most health care workers (68.9%) did not receive any post-exposure prophylaxis training.
Assessment of Weight Status, Dietary Habits, Physical Activity, and Nutritional Knowledge Among Syrian University Students
Authors: Alazrak Sara , Armashi Humam , Fallouh Deema , Akashe Nawal , Kadri Saeed , Koudsi Abir
Published: October 2022

Introduction: University students are prone to suboptimal health and eating habits. Satisfactory knowledge about healthy food choices is essential for the adoption of behaviors necessary to lead a healthy lifestyle. A web-based cross-sectional study of Syrian university students was performed to assess their knowledge.
Methods: A self-administered dietary questionnaire was published online in Arabic. It included questions about demographic, dietary, lifestyle, health, fitness, hygiene, and knowledge characteristics.
Results: Only 17% of the sample have satisfactory eating habits; 55% of participants have a sedentary life style. 69%; of the participants had a good understanding of healthy and unhealthy eating habits and food; 75% of the participants indicated that they are able to use advice aimed at improving their health, 73% of the participants do not have barriers to change, and about 74% of the participants have good nutritional knowledge; 61% have good food safety knowledge, 33% of the participants have very good hygiene practices.
Conclusion: This study provided preliminary data on various factors that can affect students' health. We found that the BMI of most participating students is within the normal range. As for physical activity; males exercised more than females, and our study showed that about half of the students had a sedentary lifestyle with a higher percentage of females, and males also had better eating habits than females. As for nutritional knowledge, most of the participating male and female students had good nutritional knowledge.
Traffic speed prediction based on spatio-temporal attention convolutional neural network
Authors: Shen Eric Z.
Published: October 2022

Traffic speed is an important index to measure the traffic status, and real-time and accurate traffic speed prediction is an important part of building an intelligent transportation system. A new traffic speed prediction model based on the combination of attention mechanism and graph convolutional neural network is proposed to address the problems of randomness, nonlinearity and spatio-temporal correlation of traffic speed. Finally, the proposed model is combined with five other benchmark models to predict traffic speed on two publicly available traffic speed datasets. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the proposed model is 75.1% and 86.6% on the two datasets, which is about 3% higher than the accuracy of the advanced benchmark model. This indicates that the proposed model has high accuracy and stability, and can provide scientific basis for traffic management.
Hagyományőrző sportágak – íjászat és lovaglás –, mint rekreációs tevékenység, akár minden korosztály számára
Authors: Pászk Norbert
Published: October 2022

A mai értelemben vet hagyományőrző sportágak ősidők óta jelen vannak az emberek életében, azonban pár száz évvel ezelőtt még nem a szabadidő aktív eltöltése volt a céljuk, hanem az életben maradás és a zsákmányszerzés. Az idők folyamán viszont megváltoztak funkcióik, és sportágak lettek belőlük, melyek jó rekreációs lehetőségként szolgálhatnak az érdeklődők számára. Az íjászat és a lovaglás fejleszt a fizikális és szellemi kondíciót, valamint lelki feltöltődésre is alkalmas lehet, bármely korosztály számára. Mindkét sportágban megjelenik a tehetségfejlesztés, mint fontos tényező, annak érdekében, hogy a szabadidős és profi sportolók utánpótlása egyaránt biztosított legyen.
A modern kori egészségtudatosság, avagy mit is értünk ma holisztikán?
Authors: Juhász Annamária
Published: October 2022

Kiindulva abból a tényből, hogy a mindennapjainkat átszövő elektroszmog jelentős mértékben megváltoztatta a Schumann-rezonancia frekvenciáját, amely igencsak erős élettani hatásokat fejt ki az élő szervezetekre, adódik tehát a kérdés, hogy a modern kor technológiai vívmányai és az egészség holisztikus értelmezése, valamint mindezek napi rutinba történő integrálása megadhatja-e a 21. századi embernek a vágyott jóllétet? Mi saját magunk mennyire vagyunk felelősek a saját egészségi állapotunkért? Kiknek értelmezhető még a felelőssége az egyén egészségi állapotáért? Hogyan lehet tehát előidézni a hatékony egészségmegőrzést?
Representation of India in Travel Writings by Latin American Women in the 20th Century
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Spanish Studies, School of Languages, Doon University., Shikha Mala , Ranjan Ranjeeva ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Foundations, Faculty of Education, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.
Published: October 2022

This paper examines the representation of India in the works of Latin American women writers in the 20th Century. With the advent of Modernism in Latin America in the late 19th Century as a turn-of-the-century movement, Latin American intellectuals started engaging with India such as Rubén Darío in Azul (1888). However, it was Gabriela Mistral, a Nobel laureate from Chile, who although never travelled to India, may be considered the first Latin American woman writer who engaged with India through the appreciation of Tagore in her literary repertoire. Furthermore, in the 20th Century Cecília Meireles, one of the most famous Modernist poets from Brazil visited India in 1953 upon being invited by Jawaharlal Nehru. She noted in her diary that as paradoxical as it sounds, it is much easier to understand India if one knows Brazil. She drew similarities between the fundamental issues of the two countries then. She wrote the anthology Poemas Escritos Na Índia (1961). Another important performance artist is Josefina Báez who would combine yoga and her lived experience in the three spaces of New York, La Romana in the Dominican Republic and India to produce zany dance dramas like Dominicanish (2001). She uses the classical dance form of Kuchipudi originating in the south of India to restructure her Dominican cultural identity in New York. Another contemporary Mexican writer, Margo Glantz, wrote her work Coronada de Moscas (2012), which is a travelogue based on her three sojourns in India accompanied with photographs by Alina López Cámara. The paper analyses the works by the above-mentioned Latin American intellectuals vis-à-vis representation of India in them and focuses on what it is to travel to India and write on it for Latin American women in the 20th Century. This has been done using the theoretical perspective of bell hooks (Feminist Theory: From Margin to Center, 1984) and Mary Louise Pratt (Imperial Eyes, 1992).
From the observatory in India: Julio Cortázar´s Kaleidoscopic Gaze
Authors:   Tenured Professor, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Argentina, Rossetti Lucía Caminada
Published: October 2022

This article investigates two texts that the Argentine writer Julio Cortázar produced in relation to his experience and trips to India: Prose of the observatory (1972) and the text Turismo aconsejable [Advisable tourism] included in Último round (1969). Both texts contain photographs, which generate a kaleidoscopic gaze characterized by cultural distance and closeness, as well as aesthetic experience. The hypothesis is that a kind of observatory is generated from which the writer observes, perceives and interprets the sensitivity of Latin American and Indian cultures in dialogue. The objective of this study is to identify the Cortazarian kaleidoscopic gaze that permanently generates both an approach and a distance, through the reading of these hybrid texts whose photographs and words produce a playful and experimental space.
Subverting Narratives of Nationalism: A Cross-National Study of Borges and Muktibodh
Authors:   Assistant Professor, NALSAR University of Law, Singh Akansha
Published: October 2022

The mid-twentieth century Argentina and India witnessed a discursive construction and circulation of national identity closely entwined with literary production. This caused a surge in nationalistic sentiments, often culminating in socially discriminatory consequences. This paper shall analyse the role Jorge Luis Borges and Gajanan Madhav Muktibodh played in subverting nationalism, as members on the ideological margins of their respective countries. The study involves two interconnected inquiries in the authors’ works. First, a study of reasons behind their rejection of nationalistic writing— their personal lives as affected by it, their discontent with literary movements they were part of, literary censorships, and loss of jobs on account of their ideological differences. Second, a study of the alternatives the two writers offered against nationalism— literary forms, styles, and techniques. Placing the two inquiries together, the paper will study their works as writings of resistance that surface through a fusion of political opinion and social critique. It will further argue how resistance through writing conditions guides their existence.
Inundating Cultural Diversity: A Critical Study of Oral Narratives of Kurichyas and Guarani in the Structuralist Perspective
Authors:   Department of English Studies, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, India, Naji Haseena
Published: October 2022

The paper seeks to explore the practicability of using Vladimir Propp’s framework to study the oral narratives of the Kurichyan tribe of Wayanad, Kerala, India and of the Guarani tribe of Paraguay, South America. For this purpose, Narippaattu (Wolf Song) of Kurichyar and The Beginning Life of the Hummingbird of Guarani are chosen. Out of the 27 functional events identified in the former, six of them do not fit into the Proppian framework and of the 13 identified in the latter, three of them do not conform to the Proppian structure. The events which are matched with Proppian events are tediously paralleled and do not correspond to each other entirely in the Proppian sense. None of the events identified in both tales show any linear or causal progression. Through this, I argue that an attempt to study narratives that originate from communities with multiple subtle diversities in terms of a universal structure will be problematic and mostly futile. We will lose the culturally distinct, subtle manifestations in the narratives in the endeavour to make them fit into any universal framework.
Book Review: Tomb of Sand (Ret Samadhi)
Authors:   Professor, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Narayana Sharmila
Published: October 2022

International Booker prize winner for 2022, Geethanjali Shree’s novel, Ret Samadhi translated as Tomb of Sand by Daisy Rockwell, is about borders – between genders, religions and nations. The story, set in Northern India, is about the eighty-year-old protagonist, Ma, who recovers from deep depression after her husband’s death and much to the consternation of her children, expresses the desire to travel to Pakistan – to her roots and thus reclaims her identity as Chandraprabha Devi. Ma’s travel is also a journey into her own self, opening doors and scaling walls, hitherto unknown.
The Symbol of the Sea in Rabindranath Tagore and Juan Ramón Jiménez
Authors:   Director, Spanish Embassy, Instituto Cervantes Marrakech, Marrakech, Morocco., Narvión Carlos Varona
Published: October 2022

Those of us who were born inland, deep inside the continent, have a fixed memory of the first time we saw the sea, the hugeness that goes beyond anything a child can ever imagine, the roaring that seems to want to share a secret which we shall never learn. One of the constants running through the oeuvre of Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941) is an allusion to the beaches of the Ganges, where the poet meditated and on which, as the laureate himself told the world in his speech of acceptance of the Swedish prize, he heard the “muse” that prompted him to compose his verses1. On the other hand, we also know, from his numerous trips to Europe and the United States, that he was acquainted with several oceans, in addition to the Indian one, owing to the many times he sailed their waves on his journeys. Over this course, he started to make out that other boundless, shoreless ocean of which he speaks to us. He does this, for instance, in his Gitanjali (Song Offerings), one of his key works, of which André Gide would say that Tagore was seeking God in a “coloured reflection” 2, thus pointing to the keen and vibrant spirituality of this extremely famous collection of poems, published in the bard’s own translation into English a year before he received the Nobel Prize. Here, he tells us in the poem ‘Ocean of Forms’
Factors Influencing the Research Productivity among the Academic Staff: A Case Study at the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam
Authors:   University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam., Phuong Bui Ha , Chi Duong Thi Phuong , Quang Duong Minh , Quang Bui Ngoc , Dieu Bui Thi Thanh
Published: October 2022

Vietnamese universities expect faculty to become more effective not only in teaching but also in research coordinating activities. However, there are some obstacles to research productivity, thus causing a low level of research outcomes. This study aims to explore the impact of institutional factors as well as personal career development factors on the research productivity of academic staff at the University of Social Sciences and Humanities (Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City). The analysis was conducted on a sample of 245 academic staff. Although respondents understood the importance of undertaking research and had a good attitude towards research, their research productivity was significantly affected by research experience, language barriers, and time spent on research. In addition, the research results clarified that the main factors that reduced the research productivity of academic staff were heavy teaching duties, lack of scholarly resources, and insufficient research funding. Furthermore, respondents emphasized that if they had better research funding, and regularly participated in academic meetings, they would have high research motivation which would ultimately increase their research productivity. The findings contribute to our understanding of research productivity in Vietnamese universities, which is useful for educational leaders.
Wogonin Restrains the Malignant Progression of Lung Cancer Through
Modulating MMP1 and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhao Zhi , Guo Junhao , Jin Gang , Hu Yanjing , Nan Fangyuan , Hu Xin , Hu Yunsheng , Han Qun
Published: October 2022

Background:

Wogonin, a natural flavonoid compound, represses cancer cell growth and
induces cancer cell apoptosis in diverse malignancies. However, the function of Wogonin in lung
cancer cells and its regulatory mechanism deserve to be identified.

Methods:

A549 and H460 cells were treated with Wogonin, and the cell growth, apoptosis, migration
and invasion were measured by CCK-8 and EdU, flow cytometry and Transwell assays. The targeted
genes of Wogonin and lung cancer were identified from the TCMSP and Genecards databases,
respectively. The STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to establish a PPI network and
screen hub genes. GO and KEGG analysis was conducted to explore the functions and signal pathways
related to the hub genes. MMP1 expression in lung cancer was analyzed using the UALCAN
databases, and GSEA was performed utilizing LinkedOmics. Gelatin zymography assay was used to
detect MMP1 activity. MMP1 mRNA expression was detected by qRT-PCR. Besides, MMP1, p-AKT
and c-Myc protein were detected by Western Blot assay.

Results:

Wogonin could suppress the proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 and H460 cells and
induce apoptosis. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed the hub genes were mostly enriched in
re-entry into the mitotic cell cycle and apoptosis. The expression of MMP1 was markedly upregulated
in lung squamous cell carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma tissues, and lung cancer cell lines. Wogonin
could significantly inhibit MMP1 expression and activity, and overexpression of MMP1 significantly
reversed the effect of Wogonin on the malignant phenotypes of A549 and H460 cells. Wogonin
inhibited the expression of p-AKT and c-Myc protein by regulating MMP1.

Conclusion:

Wogonin can repress lung cancer cells' growth and metastatic potential and promote cell
apoptosis via repressing MMP1 expression and modulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Empagliflozin Exhibits Hepatoprotective Effects Against Bile Duct Ligation-induced
Liver Injury in Rats: A Combined Molecular Docking Approach to In Vivo Studies
Authors: Shakerinasab Nasrin , Azizi Mahdokht , Mansourian Mahboubeh , Sadeghi Hossein , Salaminia Shirvan , Abbasi Reza , Shahaboddin Mohammad Esmaeil , Doustimotlagh Amir Hossein
Published: October 2022

Background:

Cholestatic liver damage is a chronic disease caused by dysfunction of the hepatic-biliary system. Oxidative stress and inflammation are essential factors in the pathogenesis of cholestasis. Thus, the current study was designed to examine the effect of empagliflozin on bile duct ligation-induced liver damage in rats.

Materials and methods:

This study was done on male Wistar rats, which were randomly assigned to the four experimental groups: sham control (SC), bile duct ligation (BDL), SC plus empagliflozin (SC+EMPA) (Receive 10 mg of EMPA orally for 7 days), BDL plus empagliflozin 10 mg/kg (BDL+ EMPA). At the end of the study, the rats were sacrificed, and serum and tissue samples were collected to analyze biochemical parameters, biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and histopathological changes. The molecular docking technique was performed to elucidate the interaction of EMPA and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1).

Results:

The results showed that BDL elevated the serum activity of ALT, AST, ALP, and levels of TBIL and TPro. BDL also intensifies the oxidative stress state in rats, which was confirmed by augmenting lipid peroxidation (MDA), protein oxidation (PCO), and altering antioxidant defense parameters through decrease SOD, catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). Furthermore, the histopathological changes in the liver demonstrate the aggravation of inflammation and oxidative stress. In contrast, treatment with EMPA has shown anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects by reducing TNF-a and IL-6 pro-inflammatory marker proteins, restoring the antioxidant status (increased SOD and GPX), reducing ALT, AST, ALP, TBIL, and protein oxidation, and improving the histopathological alterations through reducing bile duct proliferation, fibrosis, focal and portal inflammation. According to the attained findings, the SOD1 activity can be regulated by the EMPA. Our documentation presents direct evidence at the molecular level related to the ability of EMPA to exert its antioxidant performance through certain measures in a particular molecular route.

Conclusions:

The results showed EMPA had hepatic protective effects in rats against cholestatic liver injury, an effect mediated by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Chronic Non-bacterial Osteomyelitis (CNO) In Childhood: A Review
Authors: Price-Kuehne Fiona , Armon Kate
Published: October 2022

Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is an autoinflammatory bone disorder mostly
affecting children and adolescents. Although it is considered a rare disease, CNO is likely to be the
single most common autoinflammatory bone disease in childhood, underdiagnosed and underreported
due to a lack of awareness of the condition in both medics and patients and the absence of
validated diagnostic criteria. The exact underlying pathogenesis of CNO remains unknown, making
targeted treatment difficult. This issue is exacerbated by the lack of any randomised control trials,
meaning that treatment strategies are based solely on retrospective reviews and case series.

:

This review summarises the current concepts in pathophysiology, the clinical features that help differentiate
important differential diagnoses, and an approach to investigating and managing children
with CNO. Ultimately, the timely and thorough investigation of children and young people with
CNO is vitally important to exclude important mimics and initiate appropriate management that can
prevent the complications of persistent inflammatory bone disease.
Oral Hygiene Instruction – How it Affects the Caries Experience, Oral Hygiene Status, and sCD14 Levels?
Authors: Aripin Dudi , Suwargiani Anne Agustina , Wardani Riana , Susilawati Sri
Published: October 2022

Background:

Caries experience, oral hygiene status, and salivary sCD14 level are three essential factors to analyse individual dental caries development risk. Therefore, regular and effective oral hygiene instruction (OHI) is essential for dental caries prevention.

Objective:

This study aims to analyse the differences in caries experience, oral hygiene status, and sCD14 levels before and after OHI.

Methods:

An observational study with intervention before and after oral hygiene instruction was conducted on 40 samples of each group taken with an accidental sampling method. The sample was calculated using the sample size formula to determine the difference between two paired means; confidence level 95%; power test 90%. The OHI materials include microbial aspects, plaque control methods and instruments, and directives for visiting the dentist. Caries' experience was obtained using DMF-T index; oral hygiene status using simplified oral hygiene instruction (OHI-S); sCD14 levels obtained from unstimulated saliva using an ELISA kit. Data analysis used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, paired t-test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results:

Kolmogorov normality test showed that the caries experience data were normally distributed, while oral hygiene status and sCD14 were not. The paired-t difference test result for caries experience cannot be determined because the data showed a similar value. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test result for oral hygiene status showed no significant difference, while the sCD14 showed a significant difference.

Conclusion:

Oral hygiene instruction showed a similar value of caries experience before and after oral hygiene, and also no difference was found in oral hygiene status; however, the sCD14 levels showed a difference after oral hygiene instruction.
In Vivo Diagnostic Real-time Wireless Sensing of Glucose in Human Urine
and Live Fish Deep Brain Cells
Authors: Ly Suw Young , Choi Kwang Jin , Kim Ji Hyun , Lee Kyung
Published: October 2022

Background:

A method for the diagnosis of glucose was developed using square-wave anodic
stripping voltammetry (SWASV).

Objective:

With mercury immobilized onto the carbon nanotube using a handmade paste electrode
(HgPE). In this study, the method of modification probe was first tried directly on live cells and untreated
human urine.

Methods:

The optimized results indicated a sensitive peak signal of glucose on the HgPE. Curves
were obtained within a concentration range of 10ngL-1~14mgL-1 with a preconcentration time of 100
sec.

Results:

The observed relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.279 (n=15), with a glucose concentration
of 1 ugL-1 under optimum conditions and a 50-sec accumulation. A low detection limit (S/N) of
0.6 ngL-1 (2.99×10-12 M) was also attained, which is better sensitive than other methods of 58 M, 7
uM, 2×10-6M, 0.13 mg/ml, 8 mM, 40 mM.

Conclusion:

The final results indicate that the method could be applied to the diagnosis of glucose in
human urine and deep live fish brain cells in real-time using wireless, and the method can be used in
assays, in vivo and in real-time, without requiring any pretreatment and other pharmaceutical or medicinal
analysis, as well as other materials requiring diagnostic analyses.
A Review on the Various Mechanisms of Green Synthesis of Metal
Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Verma Deepti , Prabhakar Amit , Jaiswal Sonal , Roy Nimisha , Dhwaj Amar
Published: October 2022

Due to the hazardous effects of chemicals used, Green chemistry replaces the conventional
techniques involved in nanotechnology. Green chemistry is a branch of science dealing with microbiology,
phytology, and chemical engineering with the development of products by manipulating these three
domains. Green synthesis is an interdisciplinary domain that relies on the use of non-toxic, bio-safe reagents,
which are eco-friendly and safe to use in bio-nanotechnology and provide environmental benefits
as an option other than the conventional physical and chemical methods for developing technology. This
article will critically present the various approaches and methods for nanoparticle synthesis using microorganisms
like bacteria, fungi, yeasts, archaea, viruses, algae, etc. By optimizing with laboratory conditions,
nanoparticles of different ranges of physical characteristics can be synthesized. Nanoparticles with
well-defined properties have been reported to be synthesized by green chemistry, for many biomedical
applications. Green synthesis of nanoparticles is non-toxic, eco-friendly, and compatible to be used for
medical procedures, and the rate of nanoparticle formation and their size could be regulated by various
controlling factors like pH, temperature, concentration, time exposure, etc. The use of microbes for nanoparticle
synthesis can be broadly divided into intracellular and extracellular based on their being produced
from the extracts of microorganisms, which can be employed either as reducing agents or protective
agents for the synthesis either extracellular or intracellular in the presence of enzymes generated by cells.
This review aims to summarize nanoparticles of Au, P, Ag, Pt, CdS, Pt ZnO, etc as the primary focus.
Additionally, a short glimpse often hybrid chemical-biological methods have also been presented.
Identifying the domain and level of bilingualism amongst Saudi EFL learners
Authors: Almarshedi Raniyah Mohammad
Published: October 2022

Human language processing in the context of bilingualism poses many questions. The centre of inquiry, however, still remains the nature of interaction between the bilinguals’ two language systems. The Saudi higher education learners and society are bilinguals with English taking the place of L2 in practically all walks of life. However, dominance of the mother tongue and prevalent pedagogy and coursebooks can be detractors in their acquisition of native-like proficiency. This study evaluates the role of the two language systems (Arabic and English) in the lives of 93 sophomore students of language, College of Arts and Literature, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia at Hail University, Saudi Arabia. Using a questionnaire, the study gathered data that loaded onto specific domains, and the level of bilingualism for the respondents. Results indicate that professional use, academic advancement, using English at the college meetings, and to communicate with their teachers at college are the domains where students frequently use English. Findings also showed that students perceived their level of bilingualism as being high. In other words, they scored high in the items which indicated that they could talk without thinking and were comfortable during their talk.
Improving the Efficiency and Capacity of Edible Oil Refineries
Authors:   ARP Lipids Consulting, Paine Alan
Published: October 2022

It is often possible to improve the efficiency of edible oil refineries by making adjustments without any capital investment or by adding equipment that has a quick payback. As a starting point it is important to establish the current state of any plant and what it can do. Careful monitoring of the process will set a benchmark against which improvements can be measured.Simple measures such as changing the way that acid is added to the oil can potentially reduce the amount of acid required and reduce losses.In bleaching the use of silica and filter aids including diatomaceous earth and cellulose can improve the performance of filters and extend the life of filter leaves before cleaning is required.Deodorizing requires a compromise between the high temperatures required to remove volatile components and color in the oil, and the risk of forming process contaminants including trans isomers, glycidyl esters (GE) and monochloropropandiol (MCPD) esters. Raising the deodorizing temperature reduces the amount of steam per ton of oil required to remove the volatile components and can allow the production rate to be raised at the same time without always creating excessive amounts of contaminants.
Utilization of Controlled Flow Cavitation to minimize process inputs, energy, and waste while maximizing process yield, quality, and sustainability
Authors:   Arisdyne Systems, Inc., Litle Darren
Published: October 2022

An overview of the application of controlled flow caviation (CFC(TM)) for the intensification of chemical processing applications is presented.  More specifically, this oral presentation will summarize the positive effects cavitation technology has made in the acid degumming and chemical neutralization refining process steps over the past ten years.  It will be shown how CFC(TM) technology minimizes the resources necessary to purify fats and oils in the degumming and neutralization processes while at the same time producing less waste and make a better quality product.  Due to the heat of reaction, this technology further reduces the amount of energy necessary for heating prior to separation of the impurities.  For vegetable oil acid degumming and/or neutralization reactions, the reasons for enhanced performance of the refining operation, reduced environmental impact, observed reduction in necessary acid and/or caustic addition as well as decrease in oil loss, potential savings in steam consumption and decrease in maintenance opex is discussed and industrial scale examples given.  Several methods for measuring yield gain are also discussed.  Finally, the efficient removal of residual soaps, phosphorus, ffa, and metals while minimizing and in some cases even eliminating the need for water washing or silica addition is also described.
Effect of Variation of Mixture (Wood Gelam+Rice Husk) on Bio-Pellet on the Value of Temperature, Rate and Pressure of Combustion
Authors: Subagyo Rachmat
Published: October 2022

The increasing demand for energy causes the depletion of fuel fossil. To overcome this, it is necessary to utilize biomass and biomass waste. The purpose of this study was to simulate the effect of bio-pellet density on temperature, rate and pressure of combustion made from a mixture of gelam wood and rice husk. The method uses ANSYS simulation with literature review. The results showed that the increasing composition of rice husks had an effect on the decreasing combustion rate, this was due to the calorific value of the pellets making up the material. Where the lower calorific value of rice husk has an effect on the rate of combustion. Pellets that have a large density affect the rate of combustion so that it extends the burning time. The density of pellets is influenced by the pressure of pellet molding, the greater the pressure makes the fuel denser and has a large density. The highest combustion air pressure occurs at 100% gelam composition and the lowest at 100% husk composition. This shows that the addition of rice husk composition reduces the combustion pressure and vice versa applies to the addition of gelam composition
A critical discourse analysis on self-efficacy values in modern Chinese children's stories
Authors: Muzaki Ferril Irham
Published: October 2022

This review article will explain teaching materials for self-efficacy in modern Chinese children’s stories. The materials focused on five grand topics. The topics are (1) find the moral values of thinking creatively, (2) find moral messages to design mapping the problems, (3) find normative values of work in order, (4) find moral values of taking initiative, (5) find moral values of thinking systematically. The method adopted by Fairclough’s (2001) construction analysis on critical discourse analysis. Data taken from children's stories, these (1) Immortal Devil Transformation, (2) Warlock of the Magus World, (3) Wu Dong Kian Kun, (4) Dragon Prince Yuan, (5) Great Demon (7) A Record of a Mortal’s Journey to Immortality, (8) Dragon Prince Yuan, (9) God of Cooking, (10) I Shall Seal the Heavens, (11) Heaven's Devourer, (12) Desolate Era, (13) the Human Emperor, (14) A Will Eternal, (15) Fields of Gold, and (16) Cultivation Online. Those stories were written in the periods 2005-2021. The results of this research indicate that self-efficacy in Chinese children's literature reflected on 6 results, those are (1) working based on problem solving, (2) working based on critical analysis, (3) working based on real facts, (4) working based on cognizance and (5) working based on integrity. The conclusion of this study is that self-efficacy in fantasy stories of Chinese children learning character education is based on exposure to universal values of self-efficacy. Keywords: self efficacy, ethics in schools, character education, children literature, chinese modern stories
Physical representation of female character in children’s novels by children
Authors: Muhsyanur Muhsyanur , Suharti Sri , Sudikan Setya Yuwana
Published: October 2022

Literary work is a form and result of creative works of art whose objects are humans and their lives use language as a medium. Especially children's literature by children, basically has its own advantages. The storyline is unique and interesting and builds the expression of the child's world. This study aims to describe the physical aspects of female characters in children's novels by children. This paper is a qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The approach used in this study is a psychological literacy approach. The technique of collecting research data was done by reading carefully accompanied by marking. The analytical technique used is a symbolic hermeneutic technique. Based on the results of the study, the findings of this study relate to the physical aspects of female characters in children's novels which include physical aspects in terms of gender, physical aspects in terms of age, physical aspects in terms of facial characteristics, the physical aspect in terms of the clothes used, and the physical aspect in terms of the state of the body (senses). Key words: physical, representation, children's novel, and children's work
Redefining of the concept of a migrant housemaid in Ali's Minah Tetap Dipancung
Authors: Iskarna Tatang
Published: October 2022

This article explores diasporic problems faced by an Indonesian migrant housemaid working in Saudi Arabia, presented in Denny J. Ali's essay poem "Minah Tetap Dipancung" or "Minah is determined to be beheaded" (2012). This article uses diasporic literary criticism and poetry explication to reveal her tricky situation, struggle against oppression, and voice of hope concerning her profession. The analysis shows that Minah experiences disillusionment. She is oppressed, abused, and alienated because of the cultural barrier. However, Minah resists class and gender-based subjugation. Although she is helpless and determined to face the death sentence, she stands for her dignity. This poem also voices the need to redefine the concept of a migrant housemaid. Government and migrant worker stakeholders should set political will for improving the condition of migrant woman workers, especially legal protection, advocacy, and treatment as professional workers free from cultural bias in the destination country. A migrant housemaid is not merely an informal and private worker that the employer can treat as property arbitrarily. This poem advocates redefining her as a professional worker viewed from a broader cultural perspective, protected before the law, and provided with appropriate rights and advocacy. Keywords: migrant worker, diasporic problems, diasporic literary criticism, class-gender subjugation
The ideational meaning of Covid-19 health promotion posters: Multimodal discourse
Authors: Khusna Weny Lailla , Hardjatno Njaju Jenny Malik Tomi
Published: October 2022

Indonesian Government has used online posters to deliver the information regarding Covid-19 which is known as the new variant of virus spreading in the world. Covid-19 posters as multimodality discourse coming with two different semiotic modes that explains ideas and information related to Covid-19. The problem of this study was how the posters deliver and represent the idea of Covid-19 discourse through two semiotic modes. This study aims to describe the ideational and representational meaning of two semiotic modes, verbal and visual. This study used qualitative descriptive method. Verbal data was clauses and visual data was images on the poster of Covid-19. The source of data was the poster downloaded from a website https://promkes.kemkes.go.id/. This study used Systemic Functional Linguistics Theory of Halliday (2004) to analyze ideational meaning of the verbal text and Visual Grammar Theory of Kress and Van Leeuwen (2021) to identify representational meaning of the images on the poster. Based on the analysis, verbal text represents the dominance of material process while the images describe the symbolic process. The dominance of material process means the strong intention that the messages deliver to encourage the readers to carry out the activities. Then, conceptual symbolic process and narrative act process represents meaning and experience of the verbal text.
Applying the ‘BUCS’ strategy in grade IV of Elementary School to learn main ideas and supporting details
Authors: Rambe Riris Nurkholidah , Nasution Belladina , Supartinah Supartinah
Published: October 2022

This study aims to improve learning activities and the ability to determine the main and supporting ideas through the application of the BUCS earning strategy that includes Baca (read), Uraikan (transform), Cermati (observe), Sampaikan (convey) in grade IV of Islamic Elementary School (IES) SDIT Nurul ‘Ilmi, Medan. Classroom action research employed in this study refers to the Kemmis Taggart model whose cycle includes planning, observation, and reflection. The research subjects were 21 students of fourth graders of the IES, whiles the objects studied were learning activities and the ability to determine the main ideas and supporting details in reading texts in the Indonesian language. Data were collected through observation sheets and tests and were analyzed by using qualitative descriptive analysis. The results show that (1) the means for learning activities of Grade IV students at SDIT Nurul ‘Ilmi likely indicated a modest increase from 72% to 77%. (2) Besides, students’ skills in identifying main ideas and supporting details likewise experienced a noticeable upturn. The means for this variable in the pretest was 57, which then escalated to 61 in cycle 1 and 89 in cycle 2, respectively.English translation. Keywords: BUCS learning strategy, main ideas and supporting details, elementary school
Strategies to develop French pronunciation using virelangue
Authors: Dewa Ayu Nastiti , Laksman-Huntley Myrna
Published: October 2022

This article examines the effectiveness of virelangue as a strategy to overcome phonetic interference in beginners who have never studied French. This case study qualitative research used pre-test and post-test strategies to see the development of pronunciation from each trial, then analyzed the tests results using the theories of phonetics and phonology by Léon (1993) and Chaer (2009), the analysis of language errors by Tarigan Tarigan (2011), and the theory of interference by Weinreich (2011). The results indicate that there is interference called phonetic treatment of borrowed words. The most difficult sounds to pronounce are [ɛ̃] and [ʒ]. Due to the limited knowledge of the research subjects, there is also hypercorrection. During these trials, there is a development of pronunciation that improved the research subjects accomplishment from average to outstanding. Asian language studies students, learning more difficult sounds, were the only group pronouncing the virelangue correctly in the last trial. Keywords: virelangue, reading aloud, phonetics, interference, pronunciation
GG’s and NT’s: Gaming language in the chat feature of FPS game Valorant
Authors: Susanti Allycia
Published: October 2022

Language plays a significant role in gaming. First-person shooting (FPS) video game players need to communicate with each other to coordinate and progress in the game. However, there is still a big gap in research regarding language use in gaming outside the scope of language learning and acquisition. Thus, this research paper analyses the way Valorant players communicate with each other via text messages during matches. Conversations that took place during five matches are retrieved from the built-in text communication feature so that the strategies and patterns of communication utilised by Valorant players can be observed. A short interview involving a few random players from the five games was also conducted to retrieve more data regarding the strategies and patterns of communication utilised by Valorant players. The findings suggest that not only do video game players often choose not to conform to existing grammatical and lexical rules, they also utilise vocabularies that only make sense in the scope of the game. In other words, linguistic deviations and neologism by giving existing words new meanings often occur in gaming language.Keywords: Valorant, strategies, patterns, gaming language
POTENSI MAKANAN TRADISIONAL LAKSA SEBAGAI DAYA TARIK PARIWISATA DI KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Waluyo Bambang Suhardi , Hufad Achmad , Hendrayana Aan , Leksono Suroso Mukti
Published: October 2022

AbstrakPariwisata dan kuliner merupakan kombinasi yang tidak dapat terpisahkan satu sama lainnya. Dalam potensi kuliner terdapat hal yang dapat diangkat menjadi potensi pariwisata. Demikian pula dengan makanan tradisional laksa yang dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu daya tarik pariwisata di kota Tangerang. Berdasarkan pada konsep ini maka dalam penelitian ini akan diangkat dalam bentuk kajian sebagai upaya untuk pengenalan makanan tradisional laksa bagi masyarakat luas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, teknik pengumpuan data yang dilakukan adalah melalui kajian pustaka, studi dokumen serta wawancara. Untuk menenetukan validitas dan keabsahan data maka digunakan teknik triangulasi data berdasarkan pada data data yang diperoleh. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kuliner laksa yang merupakan kuliner tradisional adalah alternatif pengembangan wisata yang cukup potensial untuk dikembangkan di Tangerang. Terkait hal tersebut, pengembangan kuliner Laksa Tangerang dengan membangun strategi untuk mendukung kegiatan bisnisnya menjadi hal yang perlu untuk diformulasikan. Dari hasil penelitian juga diperoleh beberapa strategi pengembangan yaitu : beberapa alternatif strategi pengembangan bisnis restoran kuliner Betawi yaitu : (1) Penetrasi pasar dengan menentukan sebuah target khusus untuk memantapkan posisioning kuliner Betawi, sehingga dapat lebih fokus dalam menentukan kebijakan terkait pemasaran secara lebih lanjut. (2) Pengembangan produk dengan menciptakan inovasi produk kuliner dan membuat diversifikasi produk kuliner Betawi untuk menyesuaikan produk dengan keinginan pasar dan konsumen. (3) Memilih produk-produk yang sudah dan ada akan diterima dengan baik oleh kelompok pelanggan baru.Keywords : Laksa, Makanan Tradisional, Pariwisata