bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ABD ENERJİ ve İKLİM POLİTİKALARININ KÖMÜRÜN GELECEĞİNE ETKİSİ: BİRİNCİ YILINDA TRUMP DÖNEMİNİN ANALİZİ
Authors: Uyanık Sırrı
Published: October 2018

Trump Yönetiminin enerji ve iklim politikaları,
ABD’de düşüşe geçmiş olan kömür sektörünü yeniden canlandırmaya yetecek midir?
Bu makalenin amacı enerji ve iklim tartışmalarının geleceği açısından oldukça
hayati olan bu soruyu cevaplamaktır. Tarihsel bir perspektifle, Obama ve Trump
dönemleri karşılaştırmalı olarak küresel enerji gelişmeleri ışığında
sosyo-ekonomik ve siyasal bağlamda neden-sonuç ilişkileriyle birlikte kaynaklar
taranarak analitik bir bakış açısıyla incelenmekte ve önümüzdeki yıllara dair
sürdürülebilirlik açısından öngörülerde bulunulmaktadır. Doğalgazın ve
yenilenebilir enerjilerin ABD’deki yükselişine rağmen kömür, enerji güvenliğine
olan katkısı, elektrik arzındaki kritik rolü ile temel enerji kaynağı olarak
önemli konumunu sürdürüyor. Son bir yılda siyasi desteğin de yardımıyla kömür
sektöründe bir canlanma yaşanmıştır. Ancak bu gelişme zamanımızın enerji dönüşümünün
tarihsel yönünü değiştirmeye yetmeyecektir. Trump’ın enerji politikalarının da
desteğiyle kömürde yaşanan canlanma bir süre daha devam edebilir. Orta-uzun
vadede ise yenilenebilirlerin yükselişi karşısında (ve ABD örneğinde kaya
gazının rekabetiyle) kömürün başat konumunu koruması hatta düşüşünü
durdurmasının çok zor olacağı değerlendirilmektedir. Enerjinin geleceğini
belirlemede siyaset tek başına yetersiz kalacaktır.
SAĞLIK KURUMLARI İŞLETMECİLİĞİ PROGRAMI ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN UMUTSUZLUK VE KAYGI DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: ABA Gökhan , METE Mustafa
Published: October 2018

Son yıllarda,
ülkemizde üniversite sayıları giderek artmış ve buna bağlı olarak yeni
bölümlerin/programlar açılmaya başlamıştır. Bu artışa paralel olarak Sağlık
Kurumları İşletmeciliği programlarının sayısı da oldukça artmıştır. Bu
programlardan çok sayıda öğrencinin mezun olması, öğrencilerin iş bulma
kaygısına ve umutsuzluğa kapılmalarına sebep olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu
çalışmanın amacı; sağlık kurumları işletmeciliği
programı öğrencilerinin mesleki kaygı ve umutsuzluk düzeylerinin ve arasındaki
ilişki düzeyinin belirlenmesidir. Bu araştırma, bir devlet ve bir vakıf
üniversitesindeki Sağlık Kurumları İşletmeciliği programlarında öğrenim gören 291
öğrenci üzerinde yapılmıştır. Öğrencilerin büyük çoğunluğu (%
82,5) iş bulma endişe içinde olmasına rağmen genel olarak umutsuzluk ve
durumluk/sürekli kaygı düzeyleri orta seviyede bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin bu
programı tercih etmelerinde pişmanlık duyanların oranı ile duymayanların
oranlarının birbirine yakın olması (% 49,8 - %50,2) göze çarpan diğer bir
bulgudur. Umutsuzluk düzeyi ile durumluk-sürekli kaygı düzeyleri arasında
pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, umutsuzluk ve
kaygı gibi olumsuz düşüncülerin temel sebebinin iş bulamama endişe olduğu
söylenebilir.
HUKUK EKONOMİ İŞBİRLİĞİ: FRANZ BÖHM
Authors: Derya Hülya
Published: October 2018

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, 19.yüzyılda 
Almanya’da   hukukun
yetersizliği,  kartellerin
fazlalaşması  ve bilimin geriye itilmesi
sorunsalına  çözüm olarak  Freiburg Okulu Ordo-liberalizm temsilcisi
Franz Böhm’ün  ekonominin bir anayasaya
ihtiyacı olduğu yöndeki düşüncelerini incelemektir. Dönemin iktisadi ve sosyal   yapısı;
Tarihçi Hareket, Alman Tarihçi Okul  ve
Nasyonel Sosyalizm  etkileşiminden
oluşmuştur. Bu  dönemin karakteristik
yapısı, hukuksuzluğun,  kartel ve
monopollerin artmasıdır.  Franz Böhm,
ekonomik ve sosyal özgürlüğün gelişimi için ekonominin anayasal çerçeveye
alınmasını  savunmuş ve tekel sorununu gözetim
dairelerinin kurulması ile çözülebileceği görüşlerini dillendirmiştir. Nasyonel  Sosyalizim döneminin sona ermesi ile  Almanya’nın 
kurumsal  yapısı Franz Böhm’ün
katkıları ile şekillenmeye başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada,  Franz Böhm ile başlayan hukukun ekonomik
işleyiş  üzerinde meydana getirdiği
etkiler değerlendirilecektir.
Willing Belief
Authors: Schroeder Mark
Published: October 2018

In Unbelievable Errors, Bart Streumer offers resourceful arguments against each of non-reductive realism, reductive realism, and non-cognitivism, in order to motivate his version of the normative error theory, according to which normative predicates ascribe properties that do not exist. In this contribution, I argue that none of the steps of this master argument succeed, and that Streumer’s arguments leave puzzles about what it means to ascribe a property at all.
Bearing the wrong identity: A case study of an Indo-Pacific common shallow water sponge of the genus Neopetrosia (Haplosclerida; Petrosiidae)
Authors: SETIAWAN EDWIN , ERPENBECK DIRK , WÖRHEIDE GERT , DE VOOGD NICOLE J.
Published: October 2018

Sponges of the order Haplosclerida are often abundant and characteristic components of Indo-Pacific reefs, but are often misidentified, because of the lack of clear distinctive morphological characters. Neopetrosia exigua is an example of a haplosclerid sponge that is very common in Indonesian shallow coral reef environments but bears several different names. In the present study we investigated type material of several Indo-Pacific Neopetrosia species with a similar morphology and examined freshly collected specimen materials including specimens that are deposited at several institutions. In addition, we used molecular phylogenetic methods for assisting the morphological examinations. We conclude that the true identity of Neopetrosia exigua should be Neopetrosia chaliniformis. Likewise, N. exigua and N. pacifica should be considered as junior synonyms of N. chaliniformis. In conclusion, we advocate that molecular barcoding could significantly aid on sponge species’ delimitation that possess limited morphological characters.
Nemipterus andamanensis, a new nemipterid fish (Perciformes: Nemipteridae) from the Andaman Islands
Authors: BINEESH K.K. , RUSSELL BARRY C. , CHANDRA K.
Published: October 2018

A new species of threadfin bream, Nemipterus andamanensis n. sp. from the Andaman Islands is described and figured. N. andamanensis resembles N. marginatus (Valenciennes, 1830) in general body form and colour pattern, but differs from the latter by having four yellow stripes on the head region, upper lobe of caudal fin and filament yellow, and lower lobe of caudal fin pinkish. The mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase C subunit I (COI) gene sequence comparison with close species revealed that Nemipterus andamanensis n. sp. has distinct genetic divergence (8.5%) from Nemipterus marginatus and other species of the genus occurring in the area.
Interpreting Conversion
Authors: Lewallen Jason
Published: October 2018

This article considers the formative strategies of François Mauriac’s 1932 novel, Le Noeud de vipères (Vipers’ Tangle), in light of contemporary Mauriac criticism. According to his most adamant critics, Mauriac was, at best, a secular writer, and, at worst, an insidious sensualist posing as a Catholic. This article offers an account of how Le Noeud de vipères succeeds in satisfying his conservative readership and gesturing toward a different conception of edifying literature with the tools of what Joshua Landy has called “formative fiction,” shifting critical attention from the novel’s content to its interpretation.
Multimorbidity and mortality
Authors: Willadsen TG , Siersma V , Nicolaisdóttir DR , Køster-Rasmussen R , Jarbøl DE , Reventlow S , Mercer SW , Olivarius N de Fine
Published: October 2018

Background:

Knowledge about prevalent and deadly combinations of multimorbidity is needed.

Objective:

To determine the nationwide prevalence of multimorbidity and estimate mortality for the most prevalent combinations of one to five diagnosis groups. Furthermore, to assess the excess mortality of the combination of two groups compared to the product of mortality associated with the single groups.

Design:

A prospective cohort study using Danish registries and including 3.986.209 people aged ≥18 years on 1 January, 2000. Multimorbidity was defined as having diagnoses from at least 2 of 10 diagnosis groups: lung, musculoskeletal, endocrine, mental, cancer, neurological, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, kidney, and sensory organs. Logistic regression (odds ratios, ORs) and ratio of ORs (ROR) were used to study mortality and excess mortality.

Results:

Prevalence of multimorbidity was 7.1% in the Danish population. The most prevalent combination was the musculoskeletal–cardiovascular (0.4%), which had double the mortality (OR, 2.03) compared to persons not belonging to any of the diagnosis groups but showed no excess mortality (ROR, 0.97). The neurological–cancer combination had the highest mortality (OR, 6.35), was less prevalent (0.07%), and had no excess mortality (ROR, 0.94). Cardiovascular–lung was moderately prevalent (0.2%), had high mortality (OR, 5.75), and had excess mortality (ROR, 1.18). Endocrine–kidney had high excess mortality (ROR, 1.81) and cancer–mental had low excess mortality (ROR, 0.66). Mortality increased with the number of groups.

Conclusions:

All combinations had increased mortality risk with some of them having up to a six-fold increased risk. Mortality increased with the number of diagnosis groups. Most combinations did not increase mortality above that expected, that is, were additive rather than synergistic.
Valuable prognostic indicators for severe burn sepsis with inhalation lesion: age, platelet count, and procalcitonin
Authors: Xu Yichao , Jin Xinyuan , Shao Xiaonan , Zheng Feng , Zhou Hong
Published: October 2018

Background

Severe burn sepsis can lead to high mortality. We explored the valuable prognostic indicators for severe burn sepsis with inhalation lesion.

Methods

Thirty-eight severe burn patients with sepsis who were admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from August 2014 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 22 patients were assigned to the death group and 16 patients to the survival group. Their general information, vital signs, and blood index including serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels at admission, diagnosis of sepsis, and 1-week post-diagnosis of sepsis were compared.

Results

Patients in the death group were older and had lower platelet count (PLT) at diagnosis of sepsis and 1-week post-diagnosis as well as higher PCT level at 1-week post-diagnosis than patients in the survival group (all p < 0.05). According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, the above four indicators could be used to predict the prognosis, and the area under the curve (AUC) of PLT at diagnosis and 1-week post-diagnosis was larger (0.888 and 0.911), and PLT at diagnosis had the highest sensitivity and specificity (0.842 and 0.937). In addition, these patients were divided into two groups by the optimal cutoff age of 38 years. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis and COX regression analysis, only age group and PLT at diagnosis were statistically significant (all p < 0.05). The risk of death in the older group was 28 times higher than that in the younger group, and the risk of death increased by 3% for each unit reduction in PLT at diagnosis. Moreover, age group was an independent factor affecting the patients’ survival (β = − 1.370, p = 0.026). Considering the survival time after sepsis, the mortality risk was lower for patients in the older group than for patients in the younger group (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.254, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.076–0.851).

Conclusion

Age, PLT at diagnosis of sepsis, and 1-week post-diagnosis as well as PCT level at 1-week post-diagnosis are indicators for the evaluation of prognosis of severe burn sepsis with inhalation lesion. Among them, PLT at diagnosis has the greatest prognostic value. In addition, age can predict the patients’ mortality and survival time after sepsis.
Reconfiguring in-patient services for adults with mental health problems: changing the balance of care
Authors: Tucker Sue , Hughes Jane , Jolley David , Buck Deborah , Hargreaves Claire , Challis David
Published: October 2018

Background

Research suggests that a significant minority of hospital in-patients could be more appropriately supported in the community if enhanced services were available. However, little is known about these individuals or the services they require.

Aims

To identify which individuals require what services, at what cost.

Method

A ‘balance of care’ (BoC) study was undertaken in northern England. Drawing on routine electronic data about 315 admissions categorised into patient groups, frontline practitioners identified patients whose needs could be met in alternative settings and specified the services they required, using a modified nominal group approach. Costing employed a public-sector approach.

Results

Community care was deemed appropriate for approximately a quarter of admissions including people with mild-moderate depression, an eating disorder or personality disorder, and some people with schizophrenia. Proposed community alternatives drew heavily on carer support services, community mental health teams and consultants, and there was widespread consensus on the need to increase out-of-hours community services. The costs of the proposed community care were relatively modest compared with hospital admission. On average social care costs increased by approximately £60 per week, but total costs fell by £1626 per week.

Conclusions

The findings raise strategic issues for both national policymakers and local service planners. Patients who could be managed at home can be characterised by diagnosis. Although potential financial savings were identified, the reported cost differences do not directly equate to cost savings. It is not clear whether in-patient beds could be reduced. However, existing beds could be more efficiently used.

Declaration of interest

None.
Prospective, Randomized Comparison of the i-gel and the Self-Pressurized air-Q Intubating Laryngeal Airway in Elderly Anesthetized Patients
Authors: Lee Jeong Soo , Kim Do-Hyeong , Choi Seung Ho , Ha Sang Hee , Kim Sijin , Kim Min-Soo
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND:

Age-related changes in upper airway anatomy may affect the overall performance of supraglottic airways significantly. The clinical performance of the i-gel and the self-pressurized air-Q intubating laryngeal airways with noninflatable cuffs for elderly populations remains unknown, unlike in children. Thus, we performed a prospective, randomized comparison of these 2 supraglottic airways in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia.

METHODS:

We recruited 100 patients, 65–90 years of age, who were scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia with muscle relaxation. The enrolled patients were allocated to the i-gel or self-pressurized air-Q group. We assessed oropharyngeal leak pressure as the primary outcome and fiberoptic view after placement and fixation of the airway and at 10 minutes after the initial assessment. The fiberoptic view was scored using a 5-point scale as follows: vocal cords not visible; vocal cords and anterior epiglottis visible, >50% visual obstruction of epiglottis to vocal cords; vocal cords and anterior epiglottis visible, <50% visual obstruction of epiglottis to vocal cords; vocal cords and posterior epiglottis visible; and vocal cords visible. We also investigated success rate and ease of insertion, insertion time, and manipulations during insertion as insertion variables, complications during maintenance and emergence periods, and postoperative pharyngolaryngeal complications including sore throat, dysphagia, and dysphonia.

RESULTS:

After assessing for eligibility, 48 patients were allocated to each group. Oropharyngeal leak pressures were significantly higher in the i-gel group than in the self-pressurized air-Q group (P < .001) at the 2 measurement points. The raw mean difference at initial assessment and the median difference after 10 minutes were 5.5 cm H2O (95% confidence interval, 3.3–7.6 cm H2O) and 5.0 (95% confidence interval, 2.0–7.0 cm H2O), respectively. The initial scores of fiberoptic view were similar in the 2 groups. However, the self-pressurized air-Q supraglottic airway provided a significantly improved fiberoptic view at 10 minutes after initial assessment (P = .030). We found no statistically significant differences in insertion variables and complications between the 2 groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

The i-gel provided better sealing function than the self-pressurized air-Q supraglottic airway according to the high oropharyngeal leak pressures in elderly patients during general anesthesia. The self-pressurized air-Q supraglottic airway had improved fiberoptic views in elderly patients during general anesthesia.
Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis-associated glaucoma: a retrospective comparison of primary Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C
Authors: Esfandiari Hamed , Loewen Nils A. , Hassanpour Kiana , Fatourechi Ali , Yazdani Shahin , Wang Chao , Yaseri Mehdi , Pakravan Mohammad
Published: October 2018

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of primary trabeculectomy with mitomycin C and Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation in patients with Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHIC)-related glaucoma, a rare complication of an uncommon form of uveitis.

Methods: In this retrospective comparative case series, 26 FHIC-associated glaucoma patients received trabeculectomy (n=12) or an AGV (n=14). Primary outcome measures were surgical success, defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤21 mmHg, decreasing ≥20% from baseline, and no secondary glaucoma surgery. Secondary outcome measures were the number of glaucoma medications, complications, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and IOP.

Results: The follow-up was 34.0±17.7 months in patients that received trabeculectomy and 33.4±18.6 months in AGV (P= 0.837). The cumulative probability of success rate was 41.7% for trabeculectomy and 85.7% for AGV, with no significant difference in complications (P>0.05). The IOP in patients that received trabeculectomy dropped from 23.4±3.3 mmHg to 21.6±5.2 mmHg at the final visit (P= 0.041). In patients that received AGV, the IOP decreased from 24±7.8 to 17.1±2.6 mmHg (P= 0.003). The number of glaucoma medications at baseline were 3.3±0.5 in those that received trabeculectomy and 3±0.6 in those that received AGV (P=0.233), and decreased to 2.4±1.0 (P=0.008) and 1.7±0.6 (P=0.002), respectively. BCVA was equal in both groups and did not change (P>0.05).

Conclusion: Primary AGV had a higher success rate than trabeculectomy, with patients also needing fewer medications for the management of FHIC-associated glaucoma.
Recent advances in understanding and managing chronic constipation
Authors: Prichard David O. , Bharucha Adil E.
Published: October 2018

Constipation, a condition characterized by heterogeneous symptoms, is common in Western society. It is associated with reduced physical health, mental health, and social functioning. Because constipation is rarely due to a life-threatening disease (for example, colon cancer), current guidelines recommend empiric therapy. Limited surveys suggest that fewer than half of treated individuals are satisfied with treatment, perhaps because the efficacy of drugs is limited, they are associated with undesirable side effects, or they may not target the underlying pathophysiology. For example, although a substantial proportion of constipated patients have a defecatory disorder that is more appropriately treated with pelvic floor biofeedback therapy than with laxatives, virtually no pharmacological trials formally assessed for anorectal dysfunction. Recent advances in investigational tools have improved our understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of colonic and defecatory functions. In particular, colonic and anorectal high-resolution manometry are now available. High-resolution anorectal manometry, which is increasingly used in clinical practice, at least in the United States, provides a refined assessment of anorectal pressures and may uncover structural abnormalities. Advances in our understanding of colonic molecular physiology have led to the development of new therapeutic agents (such as secretagogues, pro-kinetics, inhibitors of bile acid transporters and ion exchangers). However, because clinical trials compare these newer agents with placebo, their efficacy relative to traditional laxatives is unknown. This article reviews these physiologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic advances and focuses particularly on newer therapeutic agents.
Measurement of language laterality using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound: a comparison of different tasks
Authors: Woodhead Zoe V.J. , Rutherford Holly A. , Bishop Dorothy V.M.
Published: October 2018

Background: Relative blood flow in the two middle cerebral arteries can be measured using functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD) to give an index of lateralisation as participants perform a specific task. Language laterality has mostly been studied with fTCD using a word generation task, but it is not clear whether this is optimal.

Methods: Using fTCD, we evaluated a sentence generation task that has shown good reliability and strong left lateralisation in fMRI. We interleaved trials of word generation, sentence generation and list generation and assessed agreement of these tasks in 31 participants (29 right-handers).

Results: Although word generation and sentence generation both gave robust left-lateralisation, Bland-Altman analysis showed that these two methods were not equivalent. The comparison list generation task was not systematically lateralised, but nevertheless laterality indices (LIs) from this task were significantly correlated with the other two tasks. Subtracting list generation LI from sentence generation LI did not affect the strength of the laterality index.

Conclusions: This was a pre-registered methodological study designed to explore novel approaches to optimising measurement of language lateralisation using fTCD. It confirmed that sentence generation gives robust left lateralisation in most people, but is not equivalent to the classic word generation task. Although list generation does not show left-lateralisation at the group level, the LI on this task was correlated with left-lateralised tasks. This suggests that word and sentence generation involve adding a constant directional bias to an underlying continuum of laterality that is reliable in individuals but not biased in either direction. In future research we suggest that consistency of laterality across tasks might have more functional significance than strength or direction of laterality on any one task.
Evaluation of consensus method for the culture of Burkholderia pseudomallei in soil samples from Laos
Authors: Dance David A.B. , Knappik Michael , Dittrich Sabine , Davong Viengmon , Silisouk Joy , Vongsouvath Manivanh , Rattanavong Sayaphet , Pierret Alain , Newton Paul N. , Amornchai Premjit , Wuthiekanun Vanaporn , Langla Sayan , Limmathurotsakul Direk
Published: October 2018

Background: We have previously shown that PCR following enrichment culture is the most sensitive method to detect Burkholderia pseudomallei in environmental samples. Here we report an evaluation of the published consensus method for the culture of B. pseudomallei from Lao soil in comparison with our conventional culture method and with PCR with or without prior broth enrichment.

Methods: One hundred soil samples were collected from a field known to contain B. pseudomallei and processed by: (i) the conventional method, (ii-iii) the consensus method using media prepared in either Laos or Thailand, and (iv) the consensus method performed in Thailand, as well as by (v) PCR following direct extraction of DNA from soil and (vi) PCR following broth pre-enrichment.

Results: The numbers of samples in which B. pseudomallei was detected were 42, 10, 7, 6, 6 and 84, respectively. However, two samples were positive by the consensus method but negative by conventional culture, and one sample was negative by PCR following enrichment although B. pseudomallei was isolated by the conventional culture method.

Conclusions/Discussion: The results show that no single method will detect all environmental samples that contain B. pseudomallei. People conducting environmental surveys for this organism should be aware of the possibility of false-negative results using the consensus culture method. An approach that entails screening using PCR after enrichment, followed by the evaluation of a range of different culture methods on PCR-positive samples to determine which works best in each setting, is recommended.
CAD Based Method for Detection of Breast Cancer
Authors: Kanta Maitra Indra , Kumar Bandyopadhyay Samir
Published: October 2018

Breast cancer affecting the women is known to cause high mortality unless detected in right time. Detection requires Mammography followed by biopsy of the tumour or lesions present in the breast tissue. Contemporary Mammographic hardware has incorporated digitization of output imagesfor increasing the scope for implementation of computational methods towards Computer Aided Diagnostics (CAD).CAD systems require Medical Image Processing, a multi-disciplinary science that involves development of computational algorithms on medical images. Histopathological slides are examined for determination of malignancy after biopsy is performed. Digital Images are required to be registered and enhanced prior to application of any deterministic algorithm. This paper provides both effective and efficient improvements over existing algorithms and introduces some innovative ideas based on image segmentation process to develop computer aided diagnosis tools that can help the radiologists in making accurate interpretation of the digital mammograms.
The importance of writing as a material practice for art and design students: A contemporary rereading of the Coldstream Reports
Authors: Lockheart Julia
Published: October 2018

This paper suggests that strong beliefs about the recommendation of academic writing for practitioners in the Coldstream Reports remain in teaching and management positions across the current Higher Education (HE) sector. However, an intensive re-reading of the reports establishes these beliefs are unfounded. This article posits that upholding these institutional assumptions may have an impact on how writing is used as a component of examination and therefore aligned with the need for academic parity across the HE sector, rather than as a tool for understanding and articulating practice. As a result, this article calls for the reinstatement of a unified HE art and design curriculum to be filled with a diversity of pedagogical approaches, including writing practices, that are complementary to and inform the purposes of creative practice.
Optimization of Substrate and Starter Cell Concentrations for Dibenzothiopene Biodegradation by Indigeneous Marine Bacteria Mauricauda olearia LBF-1-0009, Alcanivorax xenomutants LBF-1-0018, and Stakelama pacifica LBF-1-0031
Authors: Yetti Elvi , Thontowi Ahmad , Yopi Yopi
Published: October 2018

Dibenzothiophene (DBT) and its derivatives have been widely used as model organic sulfur compounds in petroleum, included their biodegradation process. The abilities of microorganisms to degrade pollutants are significantly influenced by various factors such as microbial species, nutrients and environmental parameters. In this research, we carried out further study to determine optimal condition for DBT biodegradation regarding with substrate and strains cell concentration by several indigenous marine bacteria from Indonesia. These three isolates were belong to Mauricauda olearia, Alcanivorax xenomutants, and Stakelama pacifica, with homology result 99% each. Optimal dibenzothiophene as substrate reached by all isolates is 100 ppm, while cell concentration or microbial numbers that gave highest growth for all isolates is 20 based on conversion of OD600 nm measurement.
APONTAMENTOS SOBRE A FORMAÇÃO DO POVO BRASILEIRO SOB A ÓPTICA DE LÉLIA GONZALEZ
Authors: Tolentino Juliana Gonçalves
Published: October 2018

O presente trabalho visou abordar alguns apontamentos sobre o problema do negro no Brasil, num plano mais geral, e a questão das mulheres negras, de maneira mais específica, através do pensamento da intelectual negra Lélia Gonzalez. Elaborado a partir de reflexões durante a disciplina Pensamento Político Brasileiro, este trabalho, de revisão bibliográfica, foi um esforço inicial de explicitar reflexões sob a perspectiva de uma mulher negra que, apesar do seu empenho intelectual, ainda é invisibilizada no meio acadêmico. Dessa forma, apresentamos uma breve biografia de Gonzalez; a crítica da autora ao lusotropicalismo, ao mito da democracia racial e à ideologia do branqueamento e; a análise sobre a mulher negra na sociedade brasileira. Com isso, evidenciamos as consequências da exclusão sistemática da população negra no processo de fundação e desenvolvimento do Estado Brasileiro, inclusive no âmbito da educação formal.
Oferta de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares nas unidades públicas de saúde do município do Rio de Janeiro (2006-2016)
Authors: Sanches Fábio Da Silva , Matos Guacira Correa de , Azeredo Thiago Botelho
Published: October 2018

Através de estímulos por parte da Organização Mundial de Saúde vem ocorrendo um aumento gradual da inserção das práticas integrativas e complementares (PIC) nos sistemas de saúde. No Brasil, no contexto de implantação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), reforçou-se que a integralidade do cuidado deve incluir práticas assentadas em pressupostos holísticos. Em 2006, foi aprovada a Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PNPIC). O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever e analisar a oferta de PIC no SUS no município do Rio de Janeiro como parte da implementação da PNPIC. Realizou-se levantamento de dados públicos disponíveis nas bases de dados da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde e do Ministério da Saúde (DATASUS). Selecionou-se o período de 2005 a 2016 para a análise, abordando-se o histórico de registros de PIC neste período, bem como os dados de produção de consultas e sessões de PIC, além dos dados disponíveis de planejamento e execução orçamentária para o período selecionado. Houve um aumento de 7 para 592 serviços de PIC registradas, 29% das unidades públicas de saúde municipais oferecem pelo menos um tipo de PIC em 2016, sendo mais prevalente a prática corporal/atividade física. A regularidade da previsão de PIC no planejamento municipal a partir de 2014 parece ter tido impacto positivo no aumento de PIC registradas. Um esforço na regularização desse registro facilitaria a análise da situação e permitiria que se fizessem planejamentos mais precisos para a implementação de PIC, favorecendo a ampliação do acesso a estas práticas.
PL-012 Effect of hypoxic resistance training on the regulation of muscle mass and phenotype
Authors: Deldicque Louise , Gnimassou Olouyomi , Warnier Geoffrey , Benoit Nicolas , Naslain Damien , Nielens Henri , Francaux Marc
Published: October 2018

Objective Hypoxia is a state of lowered oxygen tension in tissue that can be created by environmental or pathological conditions. Whatever the origin of hypoxia, different tissues will adapt acutely and/or chronically to deal with this reduction in oxygen availability. Hypoxia has recently emerged as a particularly efficient stimulus to stimulate muscle cell proliferation and accretion of muscle mass and hypoxic resistance training has become popular amongst athletes as it is thought to favor muscle accretion. However, the molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. 

Methods To determine those molecular mechanisms, 19 volunteers participated to 12 sessions of resistance training spread over 4 weeks whether in normoxia (n=9) or in hypoxia (n=10, FiO213.5% corresponding to 3500m altitude). Each session consisted in 6 sets of 10 repetitions of a one-leg extension exercise at 80% of one repetition maximum (1-RM). Blood and muscle samples in each leg were taken before and after the 4-week training period. Fiber types were determined by immunohistochemistry based on myosin heavy chain isotypes. Blood saturation (SpO2, pulsoximetry) and tissue saturation index (TSI, near-infrared spectroscopy) were monitored during the exercise sessions. 

Results Muscle thickness determined by ultrasound was increased by 7% in normoxia only (p=0.04). The 1-RM was increased in both groups but the increase was higher in hypoxia (+34%) than in normoxia (+24%) (p=0.02). In average, SpO2stayed around 98-99% in normoxia and around 93-94% in hypoxia during each set of contractions. No difference in TSI between normoxia and hypoxia was measured, which averaged 60% before starting muscle contractions and 40% during muscle contractions. A trend towards a shift in fiber type from type I to type IIa was observed in normoxia (p<0.09) but not in hypoxia. Fiber area was not modified by any condition. 

Conclusions In summary, 4 weeks of hypoxic resistance training induced a larger increase in 1-RM compared to normoxic resistance training, independently of muscle hypertrophy or any change in fiber type. Further investigation should determine whether metabolic or molecular changes may explain this potentiation of maximal muscle force by hypoxia.
OR-009 The expression and roles of lncRNAs in the regeneration of skeletal muscle contusion
Authors: Zheng Lifang , Chen Peijie , Xiao Weihua
Published: October 2018

Objective In recent years, Accumulating evidence from myoblast differentiation in vitro, cardiotoxin (CTX)-mediated injury or mdx mice suggested that some lncRNAs such as Malat1, H19, linc-MD1, linc-YY1, Sirt1 AS and lnc-mg may modulate myogenesis and muscle regeneration. However, the change of lncRNAs in skeletal muscle contusion and their possible roles are still unclear. We hypothesize that the lncRNAs may be involved in the repair of skeletal muscle contusion.

Methods Forty C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into two groups, uninjured control group (group C) and muscle contusion group (group S). The mice of group S suffered from contusion injury. All the mice were killed to harvest gastrocnemius at 3, 6, 12 and 24 days post-injury. The gene expression were detected by PCR technique. Gastrocnemius were stained with H & E to evaluate the general morphology. Data were analyzed by One-way analysis of variance, with statistical significance being set at p ≤ 0.05.

Results The expression levels of linc-MD1 and Sirt1 AS were significantly higher than that of the uninjured control group at 3, 6 and 12 days post-injury (p<0.01). And Malat1 was highly expressed in the skeletal muscle of the muscle contusion group at 3 days post-injury and continuously up-regulated at 6 days (p<0.01). Moreover, linc-YY1 and H19 were all elevated significantly at 6 days (all p<0.01), but their gene expression levels did not change significantly at 3, 12 and 24 days post-injury, as compared to the uninjured control group. Furthermore, lnc-mg mRNA level did not change significantly in the whole process of regeneration after muscle contusion except the time point of 12 days post-injury which decreased significantly (p<0.01). The expression of myogenic regulatory factors (MyoD, myogenin, myf5, myf6) were studied, they were all elevated significantly at 3 and 6 days (all p<0.01; except myogenin ), and returned to normal at 24 days post-injury, as compared to the uninjured control group. Meanwhile, Pearson correlations showed that there was an correlation between lincRNAs and myogenic regulatory factors mentioned above.

Conclusions The expression of myogenic regulatory factors increased significantly after muscle contusion. Meanwhile, varieties of lncRNAs (Malat1, H19, lnc-mg, linc-MD1, linc-YY1, Sirt1 AS) were also up-regulated. Moreover, there was correlation between lncRNAs and myogenic regulatory factors for skeletal muscle regeneration. These results suggest that lncRNAs may play important roles in the regeneration of skeletal muscle contusion.
OR-044 Effect of Elastic Band Exercise, Brisk Walking and the Diabolo Exercise on the Serum Lipid Level of Women with dyslipidemia between 60 to 69 Years Old
Authors: Zhou Lin , Zhang Lan , Lin Guohao , Cao Guangyan , Chen Xiaojing
Published: October 2018

Objective This study investigated the effect of elastic band exercise, brisk walking and the diabolo exercise on the serum lipid level of abnormal blood lipids women between 60 to 69 years old.

Methods  252 subjects were randomly divided into the elastic band exercise group (EBG), the brisk walking group (BWG), the diabolo exercise group (DEG) and the control group (CG), each group of 63 people. In the end, 186 people (NEBEG=63, NBWG=45, NDEG=32, NCG=46) completed all the tests in 12 weeks due to various reasons, such as withdrawal, travel abroad, and hospitalization. The EBG and the DEG respectively carry on the self-braiding and the Diabolo exercise(DE) training for 1 h, 3 times per week for12 weeks. Participants in the BWG wore pedometers for brisk walking, 5 times per week, and 8,000 to 10,000 steps per time. The CG did not intervene. Measurement on height, body weight, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C were made at two time points—baseline, 12 weeks.

Results After 12 weeks of exercise, TG, TC and LDL-C levels of the EBG, BWG and DEG were significantly lower than those in the pre-test group, and the difference was statistically significant, there was no significant change in the control group. The average level of HDL-C in the BWG and DEG was higher than that before the experiment, and the difference was statistically significant. The average level of TG change rate (P50= 0.16) of DEG was greater than EBG (P50=0.09) and BWG(P50=0.05), all of the experimental group were greater than the CG, and the difference was statistically significant. The average level of TC change rate of the EBG, BWG and DEG was greater than the CG, and the difference was statistically significant. The average level of HDL-C change rate in both BWG (P50=0.06) and DEG (P50=0.14) was greater than that of the EBG (P50=0.01) and the CG (P50=0), and the difference was statistically significant. The average level of LDL-C change rate of the EBG(P50=0.06) and the BWG(P50=0.13) was larger than that of the CG (P50= -0.04) and the DEG (P50= -0.08), and the difference was statistically significant. The EBG is compared with the BWG, and the comparison between DEG and CG, the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusions The TG level in the blood was significantly reduced in the EBG, BWG and DEG, and the effect of the diabolo exercise(DE)was better than that of the elastic band exercise (EBE)and the brisk walking(BW). The EBE, BW and DE can significantly reduce the TC level in blood. Both BW and EBE can raise the level of HDL-C in the blood. Both the EBE and BW can reduce the level of LDL-C in the blood。Therefore, all three types of exercise can effectively regulate the Serum Lipid Level of elderly women with dyslipidemia and reduce the risk of ASCVD.
OR-054 A Comparative Study of Different Intervention Methods on Protein Expression of ERα in Uterus of Ovariectomized Osteoporosis Rats
Authors: Bo Shumin
Published: October 2018

Objective The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different intervention methods on the protein expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in the uterus of ovariectomized osteoporosis rats.

Methods Eighty healthy female SD rats, aged 3 months, were randomly divided into the following two groups by body weight: sham-operation (Sham) and ovariectomized (OVX). After ten weeks, the OVX groups were randomly divided into the following six groups by body weight: OVX; 17β-estradiol (E2); Genisteine (G); treadmill exercise (TE); Lithium chloride (Licl); Whole-body vertical vibration (WBVV). Then the rats was began to be treated with different intervention methods. The WBVV group rats were vibrated on a vibration platform twice per day for 7 weeks according to the following schedule: 90 hertz a minute and 15 minutes a time. The TE group rats were running on 5-uphill treadmills 45 minutes per day, 4 times a week, at a speed of 18 meters per minute. The G group rats were lavaged by genistein once per day according to body weight (dose 1mg/kg).The E2 group rats were treated with neck subcutaneous injection with 17β-E2 three times a week according to their body weight (dose 25ug/kg). At the end of 8 weeks intervention, during 36-48 hours, took blood from the abdominal aorta, and extracted the protein. The proteinexpression of ERα in uterus was detected by western blot.

Results After OVX, the uterus weight index and serum E2 was significantly decreased. Both the uterus weight index and the serum E2 level were significantly increased after treatment with E2. However, no significant differences were seen after treatment with the other four methods. As revealed by the western blot results, the protein expression of ERα in the OVX groups was significantly higher than that of in the Sham group. After treatment with E2, treadmill exercise, whole-body vertical vibration, and lithium chloride, the protein expression of ERα was significantly lower than that of in OVX group. However, the genistein treatment had no significant difference. 

Conclusions Apart from genistein treatment, the other four interventions had inhibitive effects on the protein expression of ERα in uterus of OVX osteoporosis rats.
PO-036 Exercise-induced BMI declined were association with increased sperm motility in college students：A short paper
Authors: Sheng Jiazhi , Zhang Xiaoling , Gong Lamei
Published: October 2018

Objective Male reproduction cell level were effect by intensity and amount of exercise, therefore, we investigate the effect on semen parameters from six weeks aerobic exercise on normal weight and obesity male.

Methods

Exercise intervention

Participants completed 6 weeks of exercise intervention, 6 times per week and rest on Sunday. The exercise is composed of 20 push-ups and moderate intensity running 400 meters. The most suitable exercise heart rate (heart rate) = maximum heart rate of 75-80%, 8-10 minutes of warm-up exercise each time, the duration of each exercise duration is 60 minutes.

Laboratory methods:

BMI, body weight and Waist circumference were evaluated. Sperm count, percentage of sperm motility was evaluated. All subjects were requested to observe a 3 to 4day abstinence period before provide a semen sample, and the subjects were no performance heavy exercise. Semen samples were obtained at the second peoples hospital of Dazhou city, China. Sperm motility and count were analyzed using the World Health Organization(WHO) 2000 definition.

Results

Characterization of the subjects:

The baseline and Post-Pre Characteristics of the subjects were provided in Table 1. There were significant difference on body weight (p < 0.05), Waist circumference (p < 0.01) and BMI( p < 0.05) between normal weight group and obesity group. However, there was no significant difference on after of exercise intervention.

There was not significantly increased on total sperm count, sperm motility (%) and sperm motility a (%). However, sperm motility b (%) was significantly increased trend after exercise intervention (p = 0.06), although there was only seven subjects.

Conclusions Our study demonstrated that exercise-induced BMI declined-amplitude were significantly associated with increased sperm motility, this finding may be explained, at least in part, by an improvement of male reproductive health.  A significant correlation-trend was found between induced BMI# and sperm motility (%) (R2=0.77, p =0.12) in normal weight group, but not in obesity or all subjects.
PO-038 Effect of diet and exercise intervention on the treatment of diabetic patients
Authors: Xu Zunhua , Huang Bin
Published: October 2018

Objective To investigate the effect of nutrition and exercise intervention on lowering blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes patients.

Methods In Wuhou district of Chengdu and Tianfu New Area, select TongZi Community health service centers and Er Jiang community health service center in patients with type 2 diabetes health management team, the latest Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbAlc) ≧ 7.4% of the patients as the research object, 592, randomized methods for nutrition intervention group + exercise intervention group, exercise intervention group and control group, each group of about 200 people. Adopt the self-designed questionnaire to collect the general information of patients, including gender, age, culture level, course of the disease and the complications, etc., using the standard method of measurement, the measurement of the patient's body, including blood pressure, heart rate, biochemical tests Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbAlc) and so on. Patients were followed for one year. At 3, 6 and 12 months, patients were followed up with questionnaires, physical measurements and HbAlc tests

Results The patients with 3, 6 and 12 months the total response rate was 98.2%, 99.2% and 98.6%, compared with the baseline, the two intervention groups Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbAlc) in different periods of follow-up is falling, 6 months is more noticeable, nutrition intervention group + exercise intervention group decreased by 0.44%, movement intervention group decreased by 0.23%, while the control group increased by 0.08%. It can be seen that proper exercise can increase the sensitivity of body tissues to insulin, thus increasing the use of glucose angiosperms and other tissues in blood and lowering blood glucose. Even for individual patients, exercise combined with diet therapy can even stabilize blood glucose at normal levels. Effective exercise and nutrition intervention is an important measure to treat diabetes.

Conclusions   The long-term diet and exercise intervention for diabetic patients is not only beneficial to the health of diabetes, but also can significantly improve the quality of life of patients. Effective exercise and nutrition intervention are important measures to treat diabetes.
PO-050 Effects of Exercise on Gene Expression Correlative to Bone Metabolism in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Authors: Yang Yongjie , Gao Li
Published: October 2018

Objective To examine the gene expression pattern of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells （PBMCs）and to explore exercise-sensitive genes correlative to bone metabolism in PBMCs. Thus to provide a theoretical basis for exercise intervention to prevent and treat osteoporosis. 

Methods Uphill (+8° ) and downhill (-8° ) training were used for the exercise loading in two-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. The exercise method performed at 25 m/min, training 50 min/d, 5 d/wk, for 12 wk, respectively. Bone mineral density of distal femurs was measured using dual X-ray absorptiometry, and the expressed gene profile of PBMCs was examined using Gene Chip IVT Labeling Kit (Affymetrix). 

Results Compared with control (CON) group, the BMD of the femur in the downhill (DOWN) group was significantly increased. Compared with the uphill （UP）group, the BMD and BMC of the femur in the DOWN group were significantly increased. There were 38 genes detected differentially expressed between two exercise groups together with CON group. The expression of genes modified by running involved in immunity, cell proliferation，Rheumatoid arthritis，Cell adhesion molecules and Tnf signaling pathway. There were 105 differently expressed genes between the DOWN group and the UP group which were mainly enriched in biological processes and pathways such as response to hydrogen peroxide，lipopolysaccharide，cell factor and  mechanical stimulus，Cell adhesion molecules，cell migration，collagen biosynthetic process and Tnf signaling pathway. Tnf, Cxcl2, Ccl2, Jun and Mmp9 as the key nodes of protein interaction network were identified as candidate genes related to bone metabolism and sensitive to exercise. 

Conclusions With weight gaining，age increasing and training time prolonging, long-term and high-intensity exercise will be harm for bone. At the same time and same running speed, downhill running conduces to increase bone density more than uphill running. It may be associated with differential expression of exercise-sensitive genes involved in bone metabolism in PBMCs.