bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMULATION, EVALUATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PERIODONTAL MICROEMULSION GEL
Authors: A Swaroopa. , Aparna C. , Srinivas Prathima
Published: January 2025

The aim of the present study was to develop microemulsion gel of Satranidazole for the treatment of periodontitis. The objective was to increase the solubility of Satranidazole, a lipophilic drug and to enhance depth of penetration of the drug into the periodontal pocket for efficacious treatment of periodontitis. Pseudo ternary phase diagrams were constructed to determine the region of existence of microemulsions prepared using cosurfactant titration method. The formulations were developed using isopropyl myristate, tween 80, ethanol; oleic acid, tween 80, propylene glycol; oleic acid, cremophor RH 40, ethanol. Optimization of formulations was done based on in vitro diffusion studies. The microemulsion was gelled using carbopol 940 as the gelling agent. The formulations were evaluated for pH, viscosity, percent transmittance, centrifugation (phase separation), and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, particle size, zeta potential and polydispersity index. The formulation inhibited the growth of micro organism, Salmonella typhimurium which indicates that the formulation could be used to treat periodontal infection.
OCIMUM GRATISSIMUM L.: A MEDICINAL PLANT WITH PROMISING ANTIUROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY
Authors: Agarwal Kumkum , Varma Ranjana
Published: January 2025

Ocimum gratissimum L. has been used to treat various diseases including urinary stone diseases, since ancient time in India. The inhibition of in-vitro calcium-oxalate crystal formation by Ocimum gratissimum L. extract was investigated by different methods i.e nucleation assay and synthetic urine assay. In nucleation assay, the aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of different concentrations of the extract (100-1000 mg/ml) on calcium oxalate crystallization in-vitro while in synthetic urine method the percentage inhibition and growth of the calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals from synthetic urine at different % concentrations of extract (25-100%) was investigated. In both the assay % inhibition for calcium oxalate crystal formation was found directly proportional to the increase in concentration of the plant extract with maximum inhibition of 66.08% at 1000 mg/ml, while in synthetic urine assay maximum inhibition was 62.07 % at 100% concentration of extract. Thus Ocimum gratissimum L. was found to be a potent and promising antiurolithiatic agent, which is in accordance with its use in traditional medicine.
A NEW FACILE AND SENSITIVE METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF TAPENTADOL
Authors: Kumar Y.Kranthi , Prakash K.Vanitha , Swetha Mogili
Published: January 2025

A simple, economical, precise, reliable and reproducible visible Spectrophotometric method has been developed for the estimation of Tapentadol in bulk as well as in tablet formulations. This method is based on the formation of Blood red colored chromogen with2, 2 -bipyridyl which shows maximum absorption at λ max 520 nm. The absorbance-concentration plot is linear over the range 50-250µg/mL. Results of analysis were validated statistically. Recovery studies were also performed. The proposed method is economical, accurate precise and sensitive for the estimation of Tapentadol in bulk drug and its formulation.
IN-SILICO DESIGN, SYNTHESIS, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTICANCER EVALUATION OF PYRAZOLINE ANALOGUES OF VANILLIN
Authors: Neethu M. J. , Yusuf Shakkeela
Published: January 2025

A series of novel pyrazoline derivatives of vanillin were synthesized. The hydroxyl group in vanillin was masked by converting into methyl vanillin. The methyl vanillin was allowed to condense with different acetophenone derivatives gave chalcone derivatives and finally cyclized with thiosemicarbazide to form the pyrazoline derivatives of vanillin. Docking studies were carried out against anti-inflammatory cyclooxygenase receptor and anticancer farnesyl transferase receptor. Majority of the synthesized compounds showed good fitting with the active site of all the docked targets. The synthesized compounds had shown significant anti inflammatory and anticancer activities.
EFFECTS OF MORINGA OLEIFERA, A PLANT EXTRACT CODED OBAYOKOU ON ULCERS CAUSED BY MYCOBACTERIUM ULCERANS IN CHILDREN UNDER 15 YEARS IN CÔTE D'IVOIRE
Authors: M Kodia , D Trébissou Jonhson Noel , A Crezoit Yapo , S Eyangoh , H Asse
Published: January 2025

The aqueous extract of a plant coded OBAYOKOU (Moringa oleifera ) has been tested on the healing of ulcers in children under 15 years, two lots of 15 children each were made all presenting clinical forms of Buruli ulcer. The aqueous plant extract of Moringa oleifera was added to the food supply given to Lot B (lot of experimental subjects) at a rate of 330 ml per meal per child for six weeks. Children of Lot A (control Lot) received normal diet without Moringa oleifera. The results of this study have shown that children in (lot B) in addition to the normal diet received 330 ml of Moringa oleifera per meal, had a higher rate of healing than Lot A (Witness Lot) who received only normal diet. Thus, the rate of healing of ulcers with M. oleifera (24 mm) is superior to healing without M. oleifera (10 mm) after six weeks. This study shows that we can overcome Buruli ulcer with medicinal plants that is abundantly available in Africa. It also shows that it is necessary to conduct research on a wider range of fractions of Moringa oleifera to improve the activity of antimycobacteriennes molecules in the aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera.
EVALUATION OF PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF FRUIT PEELS OF PUNICA GRANATUM LINN AGAINST ULCERATIVE COLITIS IN RATS
Authors: Kalangottil Ashar , Hegde Karunakar , M Naseeb K
Published: January 2025

The study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of fruits peels of Punica granatum Linn. against acetic acid and trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Acute oral toxicity study was performed to find out the test dose according to OECD guidelines 425 and hydro-alcoholic extract of P. granatum fruit peel (PGPE) was found to be safe at a dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight. The animals pretreated with hydro-alcoholic extract of P. granatum fruit peel (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg respectively) significantly restored the altered hematological, biochemical parameters to normal levels when compared with control. The protective effect of P. granatum peel extract was comparable to standard sulfasalazine. The findings of the present study revealed that the hydro-alcoholic extract of P. granatum fruit peel possessed a dose dependent significant inhibitory activity against ulcerative colitis. The results obtained established the efficacy of the Punica granatum fruit peel against inflammatory bowel diseases possibly by its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
GARCINIA LANCEIFOLIA ROXB; AN ENDEMIC MEDICINAL PLANT OF ASSAM RELIEVES PAIN AND DELAYS NOCICEPTIVE RESPONSE: AN ASSAY FOR ITS ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY
Authors: Bora Nilutpal Sharma , Kakoti Bibhuti Bhusan , Bairy Partha Sarathi , Gogoi Barnali
Published: January 2025

The stem bark of Garcinia lanceifolia, a lesser known species of the genus Garcinia, was extracted with methanol after pretreatment with petroleum ether. The resultant extract was evaluated for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential using various models. The assays were carried out on adult male Wistar Albino rats. The analgesic activity was assayed by hot plate method and tail flick assay using Morphine sulphate as standard drug at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight and the results were expressed as mean increase in latency after drug administration ± SEM. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by Carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema model using Diclofenac sodium as standard drug at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. The results were expressed in terms of mean increase in paw volume ± SEM. The extract of the stem bark was given in doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight. All the doses were administered per orally. Results reveal that Garcinia lanceifolia Roxb. posseses remarkable analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.
DETERMINATION OF MICROBIAL LOAD IN MULTIVITAMIN AND COUGH SYRUPS SOLD IN DHAKA CITY
Authors: Mamun Abdullah Al , Shaha Tapas Kumar , Khan Md. Murad , Kabir Md. Shahidul
Published: January 2025

The production of substandard drugs and use of inappropriate methods in manufacturing medical products in pharmaceutical industries may cause non-therapeutic effect in patients particularly in children. Hence this study was conducted to determine the microbiological quality of multivitamin and cough syrups of different brands sold in local pharmacy in Dhaka city. Microbiological analysis was carried out using spread plate technique on different culture media including nutrient agar, mannitol salt agar, MacConkey agar, mFC agar, TCBS agar and SS agar for the determination of total viable bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, total coliforms, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. respectively from eleven multivitamin and twelve cough syrups. The results revealed that 50% of the cough syrup and 91% of the multivitamin syrup showed compliance with the official requirement of microbiological quality as they did not show any growth or their microbiological count is within the USP permissible limit (<102 cfu/ml). While the major contaminants in cough syrup were Staphylococcus aureus (75%), Escherichia coli (17%) and total coliforms (42%), multivitamin syrup (9%) contained only Staphylococcus aureus. Other pathogens like Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. could not be detected in both cough and multivitamin syrups. Although most of the multivitamin syrup (91%) samples are free from potential microbial threat, some of the cough syrup (75%) samples are contaminated with pathogenic bacteria. Hence potential safety measurement should be taken during the production and use of cough syrups to maintain the microbiological quality.
METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF DAPAGLIFLOZIN IN API BY RP-HPLC AND UV-SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Manasa Sanagapati , K. Dhanalakshmi , G Nagarjuna Reddy , S. Sreenivasa
Published: January 2025

In the present study, two analytical methods were developed for the estimation of Dapagliflozin in API. Method A: RP-HPLC method, Method B: UV spectroscopic method. In method A, the drug showed linearity in the range of 25-150µg/ml with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.999, where as in method B, the linearity range was found to be 1-5µg/ml with a correlation coefficient of (r2) 0.999. Both the methods were validated for different validation parameters such as linearity, accuracy, precision, detection limit, quantitation limit, robustness and ruggedness and the results were found to be within the acceptance limits as per the guidelines of International Conference on Harmonization (ICH).
HIGH PERFORMANCE NANOPARTICLE FLUID SUSPENSIONS (NANOFLUIDS): A FUTURE OF PHARMACEUTICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY
Authors: Deodhar M. S. , Shirode A. R. , Kadam V. J.
Published: January 2025

Pharmaceutical nanotechnology is evolved as a powerful tool for pharmaceutical chemist and formulation scientists. It has given a new direction to pharmaceutical and drug discovery research. Nanofluid technology which deals with nanofluids has provided an ultimate engineering solution for heat transfer application and automotive application in different industries. Nanofluids are engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid. The nanoparticles used in nanofluids are typically made up of metals, oxides, carbides or carbon nanotubes. Common base fluids include water, ethylene glycol and oil. Preparation of nanofluids may be done by one step, two step method, chemical approach or laser ablation. The stability of nanofluids can be enhanced by different means such as addition surfactants, surface modification technique, pH control and ultrasonic agitation. Nanofluids are well known for their applications in engineering field, many researchers have also reported their use for different biological, medical and biomedical applications. Considering the tremendous growth of pharmaceutical nanotechnology with respect to drug discovery, formulation and development of nanoparticulate novel drug delivery systems, it is expected in coming years that high performance drug nanoparticle fluid suspensions (nanofluids) will begin a new era of formulation research. This review article summarises method of preparation, characterization, stability, recent research and applications of nanofluids. It also identifies future scope of nanofluid technology for applications in pharmaceutical field.
ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOLIC CRUDE EXTRACTS OF TURNERA ULMIFOLIA L.
Authors: Kalimuthu K. , Prabakaran R. , Preetha V.
Published: January 2025

The present study was carried out to study the antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of ethanolic leaf extract of Turnera ulmifolia. The antimicrobial activity was tested against five bacteria. Among the five different bacteria used, in the case of S. typhi the zone of inhibition is higher (30.76 mm) in 40µg/ml concentration followed by 60µg/ml concentration (24.88 mm). In the case of E. coli the zone of inhibition of is higher in 20µg/ml concentration (31.2 mm) In P. aeruginosa also the maximum inhibition zone (20.70 mm) was observed in 20µg/ml concentration followed by 40µg/ml (17.28 mm). At 20µg/ml of concentration the zone of inhibition is higher (18.30 mm) in K. pneumonia .Where as in S. aureus the percentage of inhibition is 10.16 mm in 40µg/ml concentration. The extract was effective on all the five bacteria. The higher percentage of activity in DPPH was observed in 1000µg/ml (94.59%) followed by 800µg/ml (94.28%). More absorbance (0.174) was observed in the concentration of 1000µg/ml followed by 800µg/ml concentration (0.165) in FRAP activity. Antioxidant activity and reducing power of solvent extracts was found to be dose dependent manner.
USE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN THE DIAGNOSIS, PREVENTION AND THERAPY OF CANCER
Authors: Tischlerová V. , Valenčáková A.
Published: January 2025

Nanotechnology, along with other fields such as theranostics, genomics or proteomics, has one of the most potential uses in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Formulation of different nanoparticles and modification of their surface, in general, is required to lower side effects of drugs and to improve their response in human body. The use of nanoparticles as drug carriers may improve cancer therapy and reduce harmful side effects of chemotherapy and also radiotherapy. Moreover, together with imaging contrast agents nanoparticles have great perspective in cancer diagnosis. This review focuses on chemotherapeutics that are already used and studied in combination with systems and particles in nanoscale size. The most commonly used materials for nanoparticle carriers are magnetic nanoparticles, polymer drug conjugates, dendrimers, liposomes etc. The design of nanoparticles, characterized by their material composition, size, shape, flexibility, and surface properties, essentially dictates their therapeutic outcome.
TARGETING SEROTONERGIC PATHWAY FOR ANTI-AMNESIC ACTIVITY BY MORUS ALBA L.
Authors: Nade V. S. , Kawale L. A.
Published: January 2025

The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-amnesic potential of ethyl acetate soluble fraction of methanolic extract of Morus alba L (EASF). The effect of EASF of Morus alba on learning and memory was evaluated by using object recognition test (ORT), elevated plus maze (EPM) and water maze test (WMT). EASF was administrated in doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg p.o. Scopolamine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) was used to induce impairment in memory. The effect of EASF was also studied on serotonin–induced contractions of isolated rat fundus. EASF significantly improved discrimination index (DI) in ORT. Pretreatment with EASF significantly increased transfer latency (TL) and swimming time in target quadrant in EPM and WMT respectively. The result of the in-vitro study showed that EASF inhibited serotonin-induced contractions on rat fundus, possessing anti-serotonergic activity. Thus, the present study revealed that EASF of M. alba has significantly improved learning and memory through its anti-serotonergic mechanism. Morus alba may be useful for the treatment of dementia and other cognitive disorders.
EVALUATION OF ANTI-ULCER ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF WHOLE PLANT OF CLITORIA TERNATEA IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS
Authors: Rai Shiva Shanker , Banik Atanu , Singh Ankit , Singh Meenu
Published: January 2025

The objective of the present study was to evaluate antiulcer potential of aqueous and ethanolic extract Clitoria ternatea in different experimental induced ulcer models in rats. In the present study different extracts [ethanolic (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) and aqueous (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) extract of whole plant were examined in Pylorus ligation and Indomethacin induced gastric ulcer in rats. Various parameters like volume of gastric acid secretion, pH, total acidity, ulcer index and antioxidant parameters were determined and compared between extract treated, standard and vehicle control group animals following ulcer induction. Among different dose of alcoholic extract, high dose showed significant antiulcer activity in Pylorus ligation and Indomethacin induced ulceration. The result of present study concluded that the alcoholic extract of whole plant of Clitoria ternatea has antiulcer activity in Pylorus ligation and Indomethacin induced gastric ulcer model in rats. The extract containing flavonoids show antiulcer activity, indicating the flavonoids component of the extract to be responsible for the activity of the extracts.
IDENTIFICATION OF BIOACTIVE PRINCIPLES OF AVICENNIA OFFICINALIS FRUIT EXTRACT IN METHANOL AND SCREENING FOR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: N. Mohammad Sharief , Srinivasulu A. , Chittibabu B. , V Uma Maheswara Rao
Published: January 2025

Avicennia officinalis (AO) belongs to family Avicenniaceae. It finds a prominent place in folk medicine. Hence the present work was carried out for the identification of bioactive principles in the fruits of Avicennia officinalis and screened for the antibacterial activity against selected test cultures. The methanolic extracts has high efficacy against the test cultures. The methanolic extracts were further purified by column chromatography. With the aid of 1H NMR, 13C NMR and GC-MS analysis. The structure of the compounds were detected as Phenols namely 1, 2, 3 Benzene triol and 4, 4’-(1-methylethyldiene)bis2-methyl and both the compounds exhibited antibacterial activity. This report of ours is the first one regarding the 1, 2, 3 Benzene triol and 4, 4’-(1-methylethyldiene) bis 2-methyl in the plant Avicennia officinalis.
IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CAMELLIA SINENSIS AND ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA AGAINST VANCOMYCIN RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCI
Authors: Thakur Pallavi , Chawla Raman , Chakotiya Ankita Singh , Nagpal Raghav , Tanwar Ankit , Goel Rajeev , Narula Alka , Arora Rajesh , Sharma Rakesh K.
Published: January 2025

The herbal extracts of Camellia sinensis (Cs) and Andrographis paniculata (Ap) with standard F/P ratio (flavonoid/ polyphenol) of 0.26-0.27 were used for evaluation of anti-microbial efficacy against Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE). The bioactivity fingerprints useful for standardizing both extracts were found to be coherent with respect to their Diphenyl picryl hydrazyl radical scavenging potential (IC50 = ~ 30µg/ml). In vitro efficacy analysis of Cs and Ap extracts using exponentially growing culture of VRE revealed Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) as 200µg/mL and 50µg/mL respectively. The comparative analysis of their Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) revealed that 5X concentration of Cs as against 10X concentration of Ap was required to achieve zero microbial count. Such analysis indicated that both extracts would be useful for future analysis. In vivo pre-clinical evaluation studies are underway for utilization of identified herbal leads for trials on humans.
BCL-2 TARGETED STRUCTURAL BASED COMPUTER AIDED DRUG DESIGN (CAAD) FOR THERAPEUTIC ASSESSMENT OF RICIN IN PROSTATE CANCER
Authors: Baghel Meghraj Singh , Goswami Kavita
Published: January 2025

Cancer is referred as uncontrolled growth of abnormal cell mass. Out of the several types of cancer, prostate cancer (PC) has become a major public health problem in men worldwide. Bcl-2 and p27 proteins are important regulatory molecules of cell cycle. Failure of cell cycle regulation leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation and causes cancer. For designing an effective structural based targeted drug, the assessment of protein-protein and protein-ligand interaction is indispensable. Therefore for treatment of PC, we selected a ribosome inactivating protein, Ricin, for assessment of its therapeutic nature. In the present work through CLUSTAL-W phylogenetic analysis, we found that Bcl-2 protein was found more conserved than p27. Further Bcl-2 was selected as target molecule for docking study with Ricin protein and other chemically synthetic inhibitor molecules i.e. 2-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and Sarcosine, as lead molecule. Through HEX5.1 docking software docking was performed between targeted receptor and lead molecules. Energy maximum (Emax= -93.12) and energy minimum (Emin= -163.07) was observed for docking complex of optimised and energy minimised structure of Bcl-2 receptor with Ricin, which in turn shows that it is highly stable interaction. On the other hand, for synthetic inhibitors, we found energy maximum (DFMO; Emax= -77.17, Emin= -117.83 and Sarcosine; Emax= -72.23, Emin= -103.00) and energy minimum, which are significant more as compared to Ricin docking complex. Due to ricin docking complex having less energies shows stable interaction with Bcl-2. We also observed that Ricin is less toxic (lesser log P value) as compared to other molecules by toxicity analysis by ADME/TOX server. These evidences show this Ricin could be better drug for PC. Further results are needed to validate by in vitro and in vivo study to make proper elucidation of drug for better PC treatment.
ANTI ARTHRITIC ACTIVITY OF CAESALPINIA PULCHERRIMA AGAINST TYPE II COLLAGEN INDUCED ARTHRITIS IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS
Authors: Rajaram C , Reddy K Ravindra , Sekhar K B Chandra
Published: January 2025

Caesalpinia pulcherrima is a medicinal plant belonging to the family Caesalpiniaceae. The main aim of the present study was to investigate the Anti Arthritic activity of the ethanolic extract of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (ECP) at the dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg on Type II Collagen induced Arthritis in experimental rats. In collagen induced arthritic rats, there was significant enhance in rat paw volume and reduce in body weight, whereas ECP and Aspirin treated groups showed significant decrease in paw volume and normal gain in body weight. The altered hematological parameters (Hb, RBC, WBC, ESR and CRP) in the arthritic rats were significantly recover to normal by administration of ECP. Further the radiological studies revealed the anti arthritic activity of ECP by indicating less abnormality in extract treated groups when compared to the arthritic control group. Findings from the present investigations suggest that the ethonolic extract of Caesalpinia pulcherrima exhibits significant anti arthritic activity.
PRESCRIPTION TRENDS OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSANT DRUGS IN INDIAN RENAL TRANSPLANT PATIENTS
Authors: Patel Dharmik D , Modi Ketan P , Patel Anil K
Published: January 2025

The present study was conducted to find out the changes in immunosuppressant drug prescription pattern and trends in kidney transplant patients. In this study 613 Indian transplant patients who underwent kidney transplantation between July 2004 and June 2011 were enrolled. Various data of all transplant patients including immunosuppressant drug medication, changes in the prescription, use of antibody for induction and antirejection treatment were collected during their hospital stay and ambulatory visit. Antibody use as an induction agent has increased from during the study period. Induction was used in 23.1% during the year 2005 and increased to 44.4% during the year 2009. Among induction agent ATG was most commonly preferred agent, followed by daclizumab and basiliximab (24% ATG Vs 6.9% daclizumab Vs 6.9% basiliximab). Use of tacrolimus has increased (94% on tacrolimus vs 6% on cyclosporine in 2010). Mycophenolate mofetil is most commonly used antiproliferative agent (80% on MMF vs 20% on azathioprine in 2010). Trend is towards more use of MMF though azathioprine is being used in significant number of patients. Analysis of maintenance immunosuppression after renal transplant showed 60% patient maintained their original regimen over 7 years of follow up. Sirolimus was introduced in 1.5 to 7% patients during follow up period. Anti rejection treatment was required in 22-47% renal transplant recipients and trend towards decreasing rejection episode was seen. Steroids were used in the treatment of rejection in 90-100% patients. Use of ATG for treatment of rejection has increased from 11.5% in 2005 to 40% in 2010-11. By this study we conclude that immunosuppressant drugs have passed through significant changes during the year 2005 to 2011. Use of ATG as an induction agent and for treatment of rejection has increased. Similarly MMF and tacrolimus are most commonly used in maintenance regimen for renal transplant patients.
Concientización del dominio marítimo y la logística naval
Authors: Guerra La Rotta Gustavo Andrés
Published: January 2025

El artículo explora el concepto de concientización del dominio marítimo (CDM) y su relevancia para la seguridad marítima y el poder naval, centrado en la Armada Nacional de Colombia. Destaca la necesidad de una comprensión global del entorno marítimo y la importancia de integrar avances tecnológicos y compartir información. Se subraya el papel fundamental de las bases navales en los aspectos de mantenimiento y apoyo logístico, y la colaboración entre sectores públicos y privados e internacionales. La investigación resalta la necesidad de mejorar los sistemas logísticos, automatizar la integración de datos y adoptar estándares internacionales para enfrentar amenazas marítimas en evolución. Además, se abordan desafíos y necesidades como el desarrollo de sistemas inteligentes, capacidades tecnológicas avanzadas, y la cooperación entre fuerzas navales y aéreas para operaciones conjuntas efectivas.
"It is not about us; it is never about us": An Analysis of the Alliance of Jamaican Alumni Associations (AJAA) in Canada, 1980s-2000s
Authors: Suliman Arshad
Published: January 2025

Using the Alliance of Jamaica Alumni Associations (AJAA) as a case study, this paper demonstrates that the Jamaican diasporic community in Toronto created organizations as vehicles of cultural retention, community responses to anti-immigrant and anti-Black racism, and community development—both in the host and home countries.
Preventive Maintenance dan Analisis Kegagalan Innert Part Gearbox Raw Mill
Authors: Yanda Hendri , Darussalam Prihara
Published: January 2025

In order to analyze failures, periodically during preventive maintenance it is necessary to collect data, such as thermal checks with a thermal imager, vibration checks using Vibxpert. One of the factory component tools that is checked is the raw mill gearbox, which is a box containing various gears that can be selected and used to regulate how fast or how hard the machine moves. In the inner part of the gearbox there are several engine components, one of which is the bearing. Bearings are machine elements that function to support a shaft so that the shaft can rotate without experiencing excessive friction. If the engine does not use bearings, it will cause friction between the shaft and the shaft seat, which will cause the engine to heat up quickly. When using bearings, you need to pay attention to several things so that later they don't cause failure which can be caused by unbalance, misalignment, bent shaft, looseness and so on. This failure can cause high vibration in the bearing, while high vibration is not expected because it will damage the bearing and shaft, so it is necessary to carry out an analysis regarding the occurrence of high vibration in the bearing which causes failure of the inner parts of the gearbox. High vibration in the pinion gear which has an impact on clutch gear wear. This research aims to determine the cause of failure in the inner part of the 4R1M02G1 raw mill gearbox. Checking and data collection was carried out using a thermal imager measuring tool for collecting thermal data, Vibxpert for collecting vibration data, Feeler Gauge for measuring gaps, CSi lubricant testing for testing lubricant samples, and Teodolite for measuring shaft alignment with the gearbox. Based on the analysis carried out, misalignment occurs due to wear of the clutch gear which makes the work of the clutch gear to accommodate several degrees of misalignment disappear and the shaft shifts when the engine is operating. The working load of the bearing increases to position the shaft on the correct axis, as a result the bearing wears out, defects and pitting form, until the outer bearing rotates. Defects and pitting in bearings cause wear/wear in lubrication with ferrous/metal content reaching alarm levels.
Pengaruh Temperatur dan Penambahan Biolubricant pada Oli SAE 30 terhadap Laju Keausan
Authors: Chandra Devi , Gasni Dedison , Ikhsanul Fikri
Published: January 2025

Mineral oil-based lubricants have several drawbacks, such as limited raw materials, short service life, lower oxidation resistance, easy viscosity changes, lower viscosity index, and high cost. On the other hand, bio-based lubricants are expected to be environmentally friendly and renewable, and they should also have suitable viscosity, low pour point, stable viscosity against heat and oxidation, and high viscosity index. This study aims to determine the effects of temperature and the addition of biolubricant to SAE 30 oil on the physical and tribological properties, especially wear. The materials used are HCO and CPO as biolubricants and SAE 30 as mineral oil. The physical properties tested include kinematic viscosity, density, pour point, and flash point. Wear testing is carried out using a pin on disc tester to measure the wear rate and a digital scale to measure the weight of the disc. The lubricant temperatures varied at 28°C, 60°C, and 100°C, heated using a heater. Additionally, variations in the percentage of HCO and CPO were made at 20%, 30%, and 40% with rotational speeds of 500 rpm for 60 minutes with a load of 50 N. The results of the physical property tests showed that with an increasing percentage of biolubricant, the kinematic viscosity at 40°C and 100°C decreases, the viscosity index increases, density increases, the pour point decreases, and the flash point increases. The wear rate results showed the highest wear rate at 40% CPO and 100°C at 21.763x10-6 mm3/Nm. The higher the percentage of biolubricant added to SAE 30, the higher the wear rate. Similarly, increasing the temperature also increases the wear rate.
Hubungan Infeksi Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) dengan Angka Kejadian Tuberculosis (TB) pada Balita Stunting di Kecamatan Rambipuji
Authors: Ayundasari Asti , Hermansyah Bagus , Nurmaida Eny , Utami Wiwien Sugih , Armiyanti Yunita , Sulistyaningsih Erma
Published: January 2025

Infection is one of the factors associated with stunting. The relationship between stunting and infection can have reciprocal effects. Stunting can increase the risk of infection. Conversely, infections such as Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) can also increase the risk of stunting. Objective: To analyzed the correlation between STH infection and the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in stunting toddlers. Methods: The subjects of this study were 108 stunting toddlers obtained from a simple random sampling method. It was conducted from May 2023 to March 2024 in several villages within the Rambipuji District of Jember Regency, including Gugut, Rambigundam, Pecoro, and Kaliwining. The statistical analysis used in this study was the contingency coefficient test. Results: Findings revealed that the occurrence of STH infection with TB in stunting toddlers was 0%. Conclusion: There is no statistically significant relationship between STH infection and the incidence of TB in stunting toddlers in the Rambipuji District, Jember Regency.
Keywords: soil-transmitted helminths, tuberculosis, stunting
To Determine the Efficacy of a Single Dose of Dicloenac Transdermal Patch as a Post-operative Analgesic After Single-Visit Root Canal Treatment
Authors: Manes Amreen , Sankhyan Vanshish , Makkar Sameer , Negi Shabnam , Gupta Simran
Published: January 2025

Objectives

Efficacy of Diclofenac Transdermal Patch as a post-operative analgesic after single-visit root canal treatment.

Material and Methods

Four hundred patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis were divided into two groups. The control group (Group I: 200 patients) was not given any medication, whereas the test group patients (Group II- 200 patients) were administered a transdermal diclofenac patch on the arm. The VAS scale was used to evaluate postoperative pain in both groups at baseline, 4, 8, 24 and 48 hours after treatment. The scores were taken by making a telephone call to the patient or calling the patient back to the department after 48 hours.

Results

The pain intensity decreased in patients who received a transdermal patch, whereas in patients who did not receive it, it did not decrease from baseline to 48 hours.

Conclusion

The patient’s post-endodontic pain was effectively relieved for up to 48 hours by the Diclofenac transdermal patch, which was simple to use and had a painless application process.
Cerebrospinal fluid oculorrhea: A rare complication after orbital exenteration for cavernous sinus meningioma with orbital extension and radiation-induced hydrocephalus
Authors: Ichinose Toshiya , Sasagawa Yasuo , Yoshiki Kenji , Tamai Sho , Tanaka Shingo , Nakada Mitsutoshi
Published: January 2025

Background:

Cavernous sinus meningiomas are rare, and radiotherapy is considered because the risk of postoperative complications is high. Radiotherapy is useful for short-term control of meningiomas, but hydrocephalus may appear as a long-term complication.

Case Description:

A 71-year-old male patient suffered from a cavernous sinus meningioma with orbital involvement and communicating hydrocephalus. Radiotherapy was administered thrice due to tumor progression. Right intraorbital meningioma increased markedly, and right eye bulging and visual deterioration were aggravating. Tumor removal with orbital exenteration was performed to prevent left visual impairment due to tumor progression. The pathology was atypical meningioma (WHO grade 2). Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage from the right orbit, so-called oculorrhea, was difficult to repair due to hydrocephalus, requiring eyelid sutures and a lumboperitoneal shunt. The tumor never developed into the opposite cavernous sinus.

Conclusion:

Radiation-induced hydrocephalus can lead to intractable postoperative CSF leakage from orbit after tumor removal with orbital exenteration and require surgery. In these cases, hydrocephalus treatment may lead to a cure for intractable CSF oculorrhea.
Perioperative management of craniopharyngioma resection through endoscopic endonasal approach in a super-super obese patient: A technical case report
Authors: Ogiwara Toshihiro , Sato Atsushi , Nakamura Kotaro , Wakabayashi Mana , Sasaki Tetsuo , Hanaoka Yoshiki , Hongo Kazuhiro
Published: January 2025

Background:

The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) is increasingly used in minimally invasive surgeries for skull base lesions such as pituitary tumors. Although experienced facilities and neurosurgeons familiar with this technique can typically perform these surgeries routinely without special techniques or instruments, challenging cases can occasionally arise due to patient factors such as obesity. Here, we describe challenges encountered during neurosurgery in a patient with super-super obesity and introduce our unique technical nuances for management during tumor resection.

Case Description:

We report about a 47-year-old man with a body mass index of 62.24 kg/m2 who presented for neurosurgery with a diagnosis of craniopharyngioma, for which tumor resection using the EEA under general anesthesia was performed. While planning tumor resection using the EEA, several limitations due to extreme obesity were encountered as follows: (1) management of the respiratory and circulatory systems under general anesthesia, (2) non-feasible positioning on a standard operating table, and (3) complications with lumbar drain (LD) replacement to prevent post-operative cerebrospinal fluid leakage. These challenges were overcome through (1) multidisciplinary collaboration with anesthesiologists and cardiologists, (2) the set-up of two operating tables side by side, and (3) LD placement under awake status in the sitting position, respectively. With these innovations, total tumor resection was achieved using the EEA.

Conclusion:

This case highlights the successful use of the EEA along with unique technical adaptations in a super-super obese patient with craniopharyngioma, demonstrating the importance of innovation and problem-solving in overcoming surgical challenges.
Dural arteriovenous fistulas of the occipital sinus secondary to trauma: Two case reports and a review of the literature
Authors: Iampreechakul Prasert , Yuthagovit Sarunya , Wangtanaphat Korrapakc , Chuntaroj Songpol , Khunvutthidee Sirirat , Wattanasen Yodkhwan , Hangsapruek Sunisa , Lertbutsayanukul Punjama , Siriwimonmas Somkiet
Published: January 2025

Background:

Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) involving the occipital sinus (OS) are rare vascular anomalies characterized by abnormal connections between meningeal arteries and venous sinuses or cortical veins. Trauma and venous hypertension are recognized factors in the pathogenesis of DAVFs, with previous injuries to the venous sinus and subsequent angiogenic responses contributing to abnormal arteriovenous shunt formation. The OS’s variable anatomy and deep midline location add unique challenges to the diagnosis and treatment of DAVFs in this region.

Case Description:

We report two cases of OS DAVFs in patients with a history of remote cranial trauma. The first case describes a 36-year-old man with a 3-year history of progressive headache, recently worsening with severe headache, nausea, and vomiting. Imaging revealed a DAVF at the OS with cortical venous reflux. After an unsuccessful attempt at transarterial embolization, transvenous embolization achieved near-complete obliteration, and the patient remained asymptomatic at the 3-year follow-up. The second case involves a 54-year-old man with a history of a high fall. He initially presented with bilateral leg numbness and urinary retention, progressing to quadriparesis. Imaging demonstrated an OS DAVF with spinal venous congestion and cervical cord compression. Following an unsuccessful transarterial approach, he underwent a suboccipital craniotomy with OS ligation. Despite complete obliteration, he remained significantly disabled at the 1-year follow-up.

Conclusion:

These cases highlight the role of trauma in the development of OS DAVFs and the challenges associated with their management. Successful treatment often requires a combined approach due to complex arterial feeders and venous drainage patterns. Early intervention is crucial in preventing irreversible neurological deficits caused by prolonged venous congestion, emphasizing the need for timely diagnosis and individualized treatment strategies for DAVFs involving the OS.
Peran Media Sosial Terhadap Manajemen Krisis Public Relations “PT Indonesia Bakery Family” Pada Roti Aoka
Authors: Syihabuddin Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Media menjadi tantangan sekaligus alat penting dalam branding dan manajemen informasi untuk perusahaan, instansi, dan individu. Bagi public relations, media sosial dapat menjadi titik awal krisis jika tidak dikelola dengan baik. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi peran media sosial dalam manajemen krisis, terutama terkait dampak permintaan maaf terhadap sikap publik pasca krisis. Krisis dapat muncul tanpa peringatan dan memerlukan manajemen yang siap untuk menghadapi isu-isu yang dapat menarik perhatian publik. PT Indonesia Bakery Family (IBF) menghadapi krisis ketika produk Roti Aoka dituduh mengandung sodium dehydroacetate, bahan yang umum digunakan dalam kosmetik. Penelitian ini menganalisis langkah-langkah yang diambil oleh PR IBF dalam menangani krisis ini melalui tiga tahap manajemen krisis: pra krisis, krisis, dan pasca krisis
COVID-19 AS A NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION
Authors: Vinokurova K. R. , Ivanov N. D. , Mitrofansky D. S. , Pivfnkin E. I. , Ttubacheeva T. S. , Tsydendorzhieva A. Z. , Malov S. I.
Published: January 2025

Compared to the year of the COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) pandemic outbreak, the year 2023 witnessed an increased number of cases when patients with new coronavirus infection were transferred from non-infectious hospitals to infectious ones, which led to the assumption of the transition of SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2) infection to the category of nosocomial infections.

Objective of the study: to study the dynamics of changes in the frequency of hospitalization of patients with a conﬁrmed diagnosis of COVID-19 in the Irkutsk Regional Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital from noninfectious hospitals to conﬁrm the hypothesis about transition of the new coronavirus infection to the category of nosocomial infections.

Materials and methods of the study. A retrospective analysis of 510 inpatient observation medical records of patients with a conﬁrmed diagnosis of COVID-19 who were admitted to the Irkutsk Regional Clinical Institution and were treated in 2020 (250 medical records) and 2023 (260 medical records) was carried out. Statistical processing of the study results was carried out using the data analysis package in Microsoft Excel and online calculators on the website https://medstatistic.ru/index.php. Statistical signiﬁcance was assessed at p≤0.05.

Conclusion. The results obtained showed that over time the new coronavirus infection acquires features of nosocomial infections. This study demonstrates an increased average age of patients, as well as an increase in the number of patients with different comorbidities with a simultaneous shorter staying at hospital due to a decreased proportion of severely ill patients. In both the periods compared, women predominated among patients.
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN DENTISTS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors: Chizhov Yu. V. , Ushnitsky I. D. , Kazantseva T. V. , Mikhasko V. M. , Nepomnyashchy A. V. , Khrushkov I. N. , Karelova A. V. , Chernyavskaya S. A. , Yurkevich A. V. , Khasanova K. V.
Published: January 2025

An analysis of literary sources characterizes the presence of numerous harmful factors, accompanying professional activities of dentists. The article considers the inﬂuence of harmful factors on the health of dentists, which cause the emergence and development of occupational pathological conditions. The main risk factors are psychoemotional professional burnout; stressful situations; constant noise from devices and equipment; prolonged uncomfortable positions of the doctor’s body when providing dental care; frequent contact with harmful substances, affecting the respiratory system and skin; proximity of the “operative ﬁeld” when working with infected patients. Harmful occupational factors contribute to the development of hearing impairment, neurological and skin diseases, respiratory and musculoskeletal diseases, as well as infectious diseases. The relevance of an integrated approach to reduce the risk of developing occupational somatic pathology is substantiated. The main goal of work in medical and preventive institutions of the dental proﬁle is to create optimal conditions for the work of medical personnel in accordance with the requirements of modern science and occupational health, to increase productivity and maintain strength and health. To date, the prevention of harmful factors in the profession of a dentist is an important aspect of ensuring his health and safety. At the same time, in order to reduce the harmful effect of various working factors in the work of a dentist, it is necessary to observe ergonomic principles of labor organization. In addition, compliance with sanitary and anti-epidemiological rules in the workplace should be combined with the allocation of time for rest and the restoration of the compensatory and adaptive potential of the body. One of the important factors in maintaining the psychological well-being of medical workers and their stress resistance is the prevention of professional emotional burnout of specialists. In this regard, timely training in stress management and psychological support in the team is an extremely important factor. At the same time, it is important to constantly comply with the rules of balanced nutrition. Paying attention to daily exercise and outdoor activities, it is also necessary to undergo timely examination and compliance with sanitary and hygienic rules contribute to the prevention of possible problems.
ОБ ОСОБЕННОСТЯХ МЕТЕОУСЛОВИЙ ЛЕТНЕГО ПЕРИОДА 2024 ГОДА В МОСКОВСКОМ РЕГИОНЕ
Authors: Обухов М.О. , Асауляк И.Ф.
Published: January 2025

Дан анализ особенностей летнего периода в Московском регионе, а именно - циркуляция воздушных масс, температура воздуха и ее экстремумы, режим осадков и их распределение по исследуемой территории, ветровой режим и сопутствующие метеорологические явления погоды в этот период.
ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ МЕТОДА ВАРИАЦИИ АЛЛАНА ПРИ АНАЛИЗЕ КВАЗИСТАЦИОНАРНОГО МИКРОСЕЙСМИЧЕСКОГО ШУМА
Authors: Абатуров М.А. , Андреев В.Н.
Published: January 2025

В работе рассмотрен известный в прецизионной метрологии статистический метод вариации Аллана. На примере анализа микосейсмичекого шумового фона показано, что метод вариации Аллана может быть успешно применен для анализа случайных шумовых сигналов. С помощью анализа хода кривой на диаграмме вариации Аллана был отслежен процесс статистического накопления данных, имеющих квазистационарный случайный характер. Была достигнута предельно возможная для рассматриваемого случая достаточно высокая точность оценки шума 0.005 при длительности накопления 25 минут с учетом проявления фактора нестационарности. Сделан вывод о том, что метод может эффективно применяться в различных флуктуационно-шумовых исследованиях.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОГО ОБОСНОВАНИЯ ПРОЧНОСТИ СЖАТЫХ ТОНКИХ КОМПОЗИТНЫХ ПАНЕЛЕЙ С УЧЕТОМ ГЕОМЕТРИЧЕСКИ НЕЛИНЕЙНОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ
Authors: Митрофанов О.В. , Торопылина Е.Ю.
Published: January 2025

В работе представлена методика экспериментального обоснования статической и усталостной прочности тонких прямоугольных композитных панелей, нагруженных сжимающими усилиями, с учетом допустимости потери устойчивости и геометрически нелинейного поведения. Предложена модифицированная конструкция приспособления для испытаний на сжатие длинных прямоугольных тонких гладких композитных панелей.
АНАЛИЗ ЦЕЛЕСООБРАЗНОСТИ ВКЛЮЧЕНИЯ СПЕЦИАЛЬНОГО ВАГОНА ДЛЯ МАЛОПОДВИЖНЫХ ГРУПП НАСЕЛЕНИЯ В СОСТАВЫ ПОЕЗДОВ ДАЛЬНЕГО СЛЕДОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ УВЕЛИЧЕНИЯ СПРОСА НА ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНЫЕ ПОЕЗДКИ У ЛЮДЕЙ С ОГРАНИЧЕННЫМИ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЯМИ
Authors: Завьялов А.Б. , Копытенкова О.И. , Глухих Т.В.
Published: January 2025

Статья рассматривает проблемы пассажиров с ограниченными возможностями, в частности малоподвижные группы населения, в процессе использования ими услуг, предоставляемых железнодорожным транспортом, в частности, компаниями ОАО «РЖД» и «ФПК». С помощью анкетного опроса были выявлены основные трудности и препятствия, с которыми сталкиваются люди с ограниченными возможностями (ЛОВ) в течение перемещения на поездах дальнего следования. Был описан процесс выбора поезда и покупки билета этой группой населения и внесено предложение о включении специальных вагонов для ЛОВ и их сопровождающих с целью увеличения спроса на пользование железнодорожными перевозками малоподвижных людей с ОВ, их дальнейшей интеграции и социализации в общественную и экономическую жизнь государства.