bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Images from Bits: Non-Iterative Image Reconstruction for Quanta Image Sensors
Authors: Chan Stanley , Elgendy Omar , Wang Xiran
Published: November 2016

A quanta image sensor (QIS) is a class of single-photon imaging devices that measure light intensity using oversampled binary observations. Because of the stochastic nature of the photon arrivals, data acquired by QIS is a massive stream of random binary bits. The goal of image reconstruction is to recover the underlying image from these bits. In this paper, we present a non-iterative image reconstruction algorithm for QIS. Unlike existing reconstruction methods that formulate the problem from an optimization perspective, the new algorithm directly recovers the images through a pair of nonlinear transformations and an off-the-shelf image denoising algorithm. By skipping the usual optimization procedure, we achieve orders of magnitude improvement in speed and even better image reconstruction quality. We validate the new algorithm on synthetic datasets, as well as real videos collected by one-bit single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) cameras.
The Impact of Different Weather Files on London Detached Residential Building Performance—Deterministic, Uncertainty, and Sensitivity Analysis on CIBSE TM48 and CIBSE TM49 Future Weather Variables Using CIBSE TM52 as Overheating Criteria
Authors: Amoako-Attah Joseph , B-Jahromi Ali
Published: November 2016

Though uncertainties of input variables may have significant implications on building simulations, they are quite often not identified, quantified, or included in building simulations results. This paper considers climatic deterministic, uncertainty, and sensitivity analysis through a series of simulations using the CIBSE UKCIP02 future weather years, CIBSE TM48 for design summer years (DSYs), and the latest CIBSE TM49 DSY future weather data which incorporates the UKCP09 projections to evaluate the variance and the impact of differing London future weather files on indoor operative temperature of a detached dwelling in the United Kingdom using the CIBSE TM52 overheating criteria. The work analyses the variability of comparable weather data set to identify the most influential weather parameters that contribute to thermal comfort implications for these dwellings. The choice of these weather files is to ascertain their differences, as their development is underpinned by different climatic projections. The overall pattern of the variability of the UKCIP02 and UKCP09 Heathrow weather data sets under Monte Carlo sensitivity consideration do not seem to be very different from each other. The deterministic results show that the operative temperatures of the UKCIP02 are slightly higher than those of UKCP09, with the UKCP09 having a narrow range of operative temperatures. The Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis quantified and affirmed the dry bulb and radiant temperatures as the most influential weather parameters that affect thermal comfort on dwellings.
Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Drivers of Farmland Changes in Panxi Mountainous Region, China
Authors: Peng Li , Chen Tiantian , Liu Shaoquan
Published: November 2016

Due to the multiple impacts of landform effects, spatial heterogeneity and land use policies, farmland dynamics in mountainous areas are complicated. This study investigated farmland dynamics based on land use data from a typical mountainous area, Panxi, in China for 1990, 2000 and 2010, discussed the relationship between altitude, slope and farmland changes and presented an analysis of the driving forces of farmland change. Our findings are as follows: (1) from 1990 to 2010, the area of converted farmland was relatively small (313 km2), accounting for only 2.6% of the region’s farmland. Farmland was mainly converted to forest and grassland as a result of the Returning Farmland to Forest Program; (2) The spatial distribution of land use types differed significantly. The presence of water bodies influenced farmland and built-up land, while forest and grassland showed “landform-oriented” characteristics. Built-up land was especially variable in distribution, indicating that it was more vulnerable to human activities; (3) The vertical differentiation of farmland changes was obvious. At altitudes <2500 m, the data displayed a trend of conversion from forest to farmland, while at >2500 m, this trend reversed. Thus, 2500 m serves as an altitudinal boundary between farmland and forest in Panxi. The largest area of forest-farmland transfer occurred on slopes steeper than 15°, not 25°, as defined by China’s policy of Returning Farmland to Forest; (4) The driving forces of farmland changes varied. Decreases in farmland were negatively correlated with proximity to rivers and roads. Increases in farmland were positively related to temperature and negatively related to both population density and altitude.
A Cost Analysis of Food Waste Composting in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Yi-Tui
Published: November 2016

Taiwan’s Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) has enacted a food waste recycling policy since 2003 as an alternative of landfill and incineration for the final disposal of municipal solid waste. Recycled food waste is currently seen as a valuable material, especially when appropriate technology is developed. This paper conducts a cost/benefit analysis based on six cases of food waste composting plants in Taiwan, finding that (1) the composting of food waste may yield the most net benefit compared to other applications of today; (2) the production cost of compost ranges from NT$ 2897–23,117/tonne; (3) the adoption of more automatic technology may reduce operation costs and, thus, a closed composting system with mechanical aeration may be more cost effective; (4) the output is a determinant of affecting production costs and private firms are more competitive in production costs than government-affiliated composting units; (5) all of the government-affiliated composting units face a negative profit and thus they are required to make use of the market value of the produced compost to achieve economic viability; and (6) a subsidy to the compost producer is needed to expand the market demand as the food waste recycled can save the disposal cost of municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration.
Les Olympia d'Alexandrie et le pancratiaste M. Aur. Asklèpiadès
Authors: Strasser Jean-Yves
Published: November 2016

Jean-Yves Strasser

Τα Ολύμπια της Αλεξάνδρειας και ο παγκρατιαστής Μ. Αυρ. Ασκληπιάδης

σ. 421-468

Τα Ολύμπια της Αλεξάνδρειας είναι γνωστά χάρη στις επιγραφές και κυρίως στους πάπυρους. Οι τελευταίοι αναφέρουν ολυμπιονίκες οι οποίοι ήταν ίσως νικητές στα Ολύμπια της Αλεξάνδρειας της Αιγύπτου και όχι στους μεγάλους αγώνες της Πίσας. Αυτοί οι αγώνες θεσμοθετήθηκαν στα χρόνια του Μάρκου Αυρήλιου και έγιναν εισελαστικοί στα χρόνια του Γαλλιηνού· πραγματοποιήθηκαν για πρώτη φορά το 268. Όπως και οι περισσότεροι μεγάλοι αγώνες που διοργανώνονταν στην Αίγυπτο, πραγματοποιούνταν κάθε χειμώνα των ζυγών ετών διαιρουμένων δια του τέσσερα. Αυτό συμβαίνει ήδη από τον 2ο αιώνα μ.Χ.: τα πρώτα Ολύμπια διοργανώθηκαν το 180. Το 200, κατά την έκτη διοργάνωση, στην οποία παραβρέθηκαν ο Σεπτίμιος Σεβήρος και ο Καρακάλλας, κέρδισε στο παγκράτιο ο περιοδονίκης Μ. Αυρ. Ασκληπιάδης. Μια επιγραφή από την Κοπτό (I. Portes 88) αναφέρεται σε έναν ελλανοδίκη από την Αλεξάνδρεια, ο οποίος ενδέχεται να είχε αναλάβει καθήκοντα κατά τη δέκατη έβδομη ολυμπιάδα, το 244· το 246/247, ενώ η Αίγυπτος τελούσε υπό τον έπαρχο Βαλέριο Φίρμο, ανέγειρε ένα άγαλμα στον Σάραπη Πολιέα.
Une musicienne et son instrument à cordes sur une stèle funéraire de Dion en Macédoine. Enfin le nablium ?
Authors: Vendries Christophe
Published: November 2016

Christophe Vendries

A Musician and her Stringed Instrument on a Funerary Stele at Dion in Macedonia. At Last the nablium?

p. 469-502

The presence on a stele of the imperial period at Dion of the representation of a stringed instrument accompanied by its Latin name clarifies our knowledge about the nablium, often cited in Greek literature under the name νάβλα, but of which we have hitherto had no sure figured representation. The Latin inscription accompanying it suggests that the deceased, praised for her devotion to the Muses, was probably a professional musician. We are in the presence of a very rare instance where the inscription serves as a caption explaining the sculpted decoration of the tomb.
Amphores crétoises : le cas d'Éleutherna, en Crète
Authors: G. Yangaki Anastasia
Published: November 2016

Anastasia G. Yangaki

Cretan Amphoras: the Case of Eleutherna

p. 503-523

The study of Early Christian Cretan amphoras brought to light at the site of Eleutherna, in the Mylopotamos region, considerably extends our knowledge of amphoras produced in Crete and identified on several sites in the Mediterranean following recent research.

This article attempts to elucidate the dating previously proposed for certain already known types. It presents a uniform group of amphoras from the interior of the initial type, produced by a new workshop, and reveals several new types at Eleutherna, used above all at the end of the Early Byzantine period and even during the 8th century. Among the latter may be noted types imitating forms of amphoras imported into the island. Chemical analyses have enabled the addition of the site of Eleutherna or the Mylopotamos region to the number of production centres of Cretan amphoras.
Le dépôt archaïque du rempart Nord d'Amathonte, IV. L'assemblage archéozoologique
Authors: Gardeisen Armelle
Published: November 2016

The excavation of the north wall of Amathus has yielded an assemblage of fauna that offers a new picture of the animal environment of the city, because of the archaeological and chronological context of this secondary deposit, which supported a repair of the enceinte. The sample obtained gives an original picture of the meat diet of the Archaic period, and also of the treatment of a number of carcasses abandoned in the area of the dump without having been eaten. This first approach to the food-producing economy revealed in this urban context suggests a supply based on the classical domesticated mammals and confirms the observations made for earlier periods regarding the different treatment of equines and dogs. The reduced spectrum of fauna undoubtedly emphasises the anthropic character of this refuse, in which no other animal is involved, with the exception of a hare, the consumption of which is attested from the Bronze Age onwards.
Notes de sculpture et d'épigraphie en Béotie, I. La stèle de Mnasithéios, œuvre de Philourgos : étude stylistique
Authors: K. Andreiomenou Angheliki
Published: November 2016

The anthemion grave stele of Mnasitheos (Thebes Museum inv. no. 28200) was discovered in 1992 in an extensive cemetery of ancient Akraiphnia in Boeotia. A masterpiece of Greek Archaic art of the years 520-510, it is intact and is the only one so far in which the relief representation is preserved along with a elegiac couplet and the sculptor's signature : ΦΙΛΟΥΡΓΟΣ ΕΠΟΙΕΣΕΝ.

I have already devoted two studies to this monument. In the first I analysed the epigram and the iconographic and decorative elements, as well as the social and political factors emerging from them; in the second, I tried to assign the piece to a specific Athenian workshop, that of Endoios and Philergos-Philourgos.

In the present, final, study, I present all the photographs of the relief for the first time and offer a stylistic analysis of the modelling, in the form of a commentary on these images.
Notes de sculpture et d'épigraphie en Béotie, II. Une base de statue portant la signature de Lysippe de Sicyone à Thèbes
Authors: Ducrey Pierre , Calame Claude
Published: November 2016

Un petit bloc de calcaire a été apporté au musée de Thèbes en juillet 1990, sans que son origine ait été annoncée, relevée ou consignée. Il s'agit d'une base de statue portant une inscription qui se terminait par la signature de Lysippe de Sicyone. La signature était précédée d'une épigramme de quatre vers. Le poème fait allusion à la « patrie » du personnage honoré, en précisant que c'est cette patrie même qui a choisi pour chef à la guerre l'homme dont la statue se dressait sur la base. Le poème ajoute qu'il a « fait grandir la gloire de Thèbes, l'intrépide ». On peut donc admettre que la « patrie » de l'officier n'est autre que Thèbes et par conséquent que l'origine de l'inscription est thébaine. Enfin, l'inscription donne les noms du dédicant, Hippias fils d'Érotion, et du dieu auquel la statue était dédiée, Zeus Saôtas. La base et son inscription sont publiées ici pour la première fois dans leur intégralité.
Analyses of Middle Helladic Skeletal Material from Aspis, Argos, 1. Radiocarbon Analysis of Human Remains
Authors: Voutsaki Sophia , Nijboer Albert , Philippa-Touchais Anna , Touchais Gilles , Triantaphyllou Sevi
Published: November 2016

This paper presents the results of the radiocarbon analysis of human bones (seven samples) from MH Aspis. The analyses have been carried out at the Centre for Isotope Research, University of Groningen, using the AMS (Accelerator Mass Spectroscop) method. The main aim of the analysis is to elucidate the periods of use of the site by comparing the absolute dates with the relative chronology which has been reconstructed on the basis of the complex stratigraphy and the ceramic sequence of the site.

The Aspis results suggest that the end of the MH period, the ΜΗ III / LH I boundary, should be placed around 1700 BC. ?he radiocarbon analysis does not allow us to define the ΜΗ II / ΜΗ III boundary accurately because of the short duration of these sub-phases and the fairly broad range of the radiocarbon dates which is due to the shape of the calibration curve in this period.
Analyses of Middle Helladic Skeletal Material from Aspis, Argos, 2. Stable Isotope Analysis of Human Remains
Authors: Triantaphyllou Sevi , Richards Michael P. , Touchais Gilles , Philippa-Touchais Anna , Voutsaki Sophia
Published: November 2016

This paper presents the results of a carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of human bones from MH Aspis. The aims of the analysis are to reconstruct the diet of the inhabitants of MH Aspis and to investigate dietary variation between population subgroups defined by age/sex and or social status.

Seven samples were taken, out of which only four provided enough collagen for the analysis. The isoropic data indicate that the Aspis population had a fairly homogeneous C3 terrestrial diet, although the only man buried in the cemetery may have consumed more animal protein (meat and/or dairy products). Marine resources do not seem to have been favoured by the Aspis inhabitants. The overall isotopic signal of the dietary regime in the Aspis does not differ significantly from that observed among the inhabitants of Lerna and the group buried in Grave Circle Β in Mycenae.
Reproductive success through high pollinator visitation rates despite self incompatibility in an endangered wallflower
Authors: Melen Miranda K. , Herman Julie A. , Lucas Jessica , O'Malley Rachel E. , Parker Ingrid M. , Thom Aaron M. , Whittall Justen B.
Published: November 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

Self incompatibility (SI) in rare plants presents a unique challenge—SI protects plants from inbreeding depression, but requires a sufficient number of mates and xenogamous pollination. Does SI persist in an endangered polyploid? Is pollinator visitation sufficient to ensure reproductive success? Is there evidence of inbreeding/outbreeding depression? We characterized the mating system, primary pollinators, pollen limitation, and inbreeding/outbreeding depression in Erysimum teretifolium to guide conservation efforts.

METHODS:

We compared seed production following self pollination and within‐ and between‐population crosses. Pollen tubes were visualized after self pollinations and between‐population pollinations. Pollen limitation was tested in the field. Pollinator observations were quantified using digital video. Inbreeding/outbreeding depression was assessed in progeny from self and outcross pollinations at early and later developmental stages.

KEY RESULTS:

Self‐pollination reduced seed set by 6.5× and quadrupled reproductive failure compared with outcross pollination. Pollen tubes of some self pollinations were arrested at the stigmatic surface. Seed‐set data indicated strong SI, and fruit‐set data suggested partial SI. Pollinator diversity and visitation rates were high, and there was no evidence of pollen limitation. Inbreeding depression (δ) was weak for early developmental stages and strong for later developmental stages, with no evidence of outbreeding depression.

CONCLUSIONS:

The rare hexaploid E. teretifolium is largely self incompatible and suffers from late‐acting inbreeding depression. Reproductive success in natural populations was accomplished through high pollinator visitation rates consistent with a lack of pollen limitation. Future reproductive health for this species will require large population sizes with sufficient mates and a robust pollinator community.
Unusual twig “twistiness” in pawpaw (Asimina triloba) provides biomechanical protection for distal foliage in high winds
Authors: Goodrich Katherine R. , Ortiz Luis A. , Coughlin David J.
Published: November 2016

PREMISE OF STUDY:

Deciduous woody species invest considerable resources in the growth of new foliage and distal stems. This new growth is at risk for mechanical damage from high winds and storms. Pawpaw has large leaves borne distally on thin twigs. Following a storm, pawpaw branches sometimes exhibit a persistent “flipped” orientation, slowly returning upright over 24 h. We investigated biomechanical properties of pawpaw twigs, comparing them to co‐occurring species with similarly high leaf areas and loads, which do not exhibit this “flipping”. Our goal was to determine biomechanical and structural properties in these species and how variation in form might relate to functional differences.

METHODS:

We measured flexural stiffness, torsional stiffness, and viscoelastic creep in pawpaw and co‐occurring trees Liriodendron tulipifera and Carya cordiformis. We also recorded twig/foliage reconfiguration in high winds. We stained thin cross sections of distal twigs and recorded images using fluorescent light microscopy.

KEY RESULTS:

Flexural and torsional stiffness increased with twig radius in pawpaw and tulip tree, although torsional stiffness increased more slowly in pawpaw. Pawpaw had a high ratio of flexural to torsional stiffness (EI/GJ) across a range of twig radii and significant viscoelastic creep compared with the other species.

CONCLUSIONS:

Biomechanical data showed that pawpaw twigs were “twistier” than the comparison species, which were shown previously to alleviate drag‐induced damage by reorienting petioles and leaves. Pawpaw has an unusual strategy of low torsional stiffness in twigs, allowing for reorientation of the entire distal appendage, likely minimizing drag‐induced damage in storms.
Monolayer graphene/SiC Schottky barrier diodes with improved barrier height uniformity as a sensing platform for the detection of heavy metals
Authors: Shtepliuk Ivan , Eriksson Jens , Khranovskyy Volodymyr , Iakimov Tihomir , Lloyd Spetz Anita , Yakimova Rositsa
Published: November 2016

A vertical diode structure comprising homogeneous monolayer epitaxial graphene on silicon carbide is fabricated by thermal decomposition of a Si-face 4H-SiC wafer in argon atmosphere. Current–voltage characteristics of the graphene/SiC Schottky junction were analyzed by applying the thermionic-emission theory. Extracted values of the Schottky barrier height and the ideality factor are found to be 0.4879 ± 0.013 eV and 1.01803 ± 0.0049, respectively. Deviations of these parameters from average values are smaller than those of previously observed literature data, thereby implying uniformity of the Schottky barrier height over the whole diode area, a stable rectifying behaviour and a good quality of ohmic palladium–graphene contacts. Keeping in mind the strong sensitivity of graphene to analytes we propose the possibility to use the graphene/SiC Schottky diode as a sensing platform for the recognition of toxic heavy metals. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations we gain insight into the nature of the interaction of cadmium, mercury and lead with graphene as well as estimate the work function and the Schottky barrier height of the graphene/SiC structure before and after applying heavy metals to the sensing material. A shift of theI–Vcharacteristics of the graphene/SiC-based sensor has been proposed as an indicator of presence of the heavy metals. Since the calculations suggested the strongest charge transfer between Pb and graphene, the proposed sensing platform was characterized by good selectivity towards lead atoms and slight interferences from cadmium and mercury. The dependence of the sensitivity parameters on the concentration of Cd, Hg and Pb is studied and discussed.
Facile synthesis of indolo[3,2-a]carbazoles via Pd-catalyzed twofold oxidative cyclization
Authors: Yang Chao , Lin Kai , Huang Lan , Pan Wei-dong , Liu Sheng
Published: November 2016

A rapid and efficient route has been developed for the synthesis of 9-methoxycarbonylindolo[3,2-a]carbazole derivatives. The key steps in this approach involved an aromatic amination and an oxidative biaryl coupling. Via the present route, indolo[3,2-a]carbazole derivatives are available in 3–4 steps based on commercially available starting materials.
Radical polymerization by a supramolecular catalyst: cyclodextrin with a RAFT reagent
Authors: Koyanagi Kohei , Takashima Yoshinori , Nakamura Takashi , Yamaguchi Hiroyasu , Harada Akira
Published: November 2016

Supramolecular catalysts have received a great deal of attention because they improve the selectivity and efficiency of reactions. Catalysts with host molecules exhibit specific reaction properties and recognize substrates via host–guest interactions. Here, we examined radical polymerization reactions with a chain transfer agent (CTA) that has α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) as a host molecule (α-CD-CTA). Prior to the polymerization of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA), we investigated the complex formation of α-CD with DMA. Single X-ray analysis demonstrated that α-CD includes DMA inside its cavity. When DMA was polymerized in the presence of α-CD-CTA using 2,2'-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane dihydrochloride (VA-044) as an initiator in an aqueous solution, poly(DMA) was obtained in good yield and with narrow molecular weight distribution. In contrast, the polymerization of DMA without α-CD-CTA produced more widely distributed polymers. In the presence of 1,6-hexanediol (C6 diol) which works as a competitive molecule by being included in the α-CD cavity, the reaction yield was lower than that without C6 diol.
Proposition d’une nouvelle approche de la relation entre la taille de l’auditeur et la qualité de l’audit : l’importance de la technologie d’audit
Authors: Sirois Louis-Philippe , Marmousez Sophie , Simunic Dan A.
Published: November 2016

Dans cet article, nous utilisons le modèle des coûts fixes endogènes de Sutton (1991) pour proposer un cadre d’analyse nouveau pour envisager la relation entre la taille de l’auditeur et la qualité de l’audit et expliquer la structure duale et concentrée actuelle du marché de l’audit, opposant Big 4 et non-Big 4. Un des éléments-clés du modèle proposé est le rôle central que joue la technologie d’audit (investissements qui améliorent la qualité et/ou le processus de production) dans la détermination de la qualité (réelle et/ou perçue) et des honoraires d’audit. Nous suggérons que Big 4 et non-Big 4 diffèrent fondamentalement par leurs stratégies d’investissement en technologie. Les Big 4 s’engagent dans une « course aux investissements » qui mène à un oligopole naturel, alors qu’un grand nombre de non-Big 4, offrant des services de qualité moindre, subsistent en répondant à la demande des clients ne pouvant ou ne voulant recourir aux Big 4.
Une mondialisation du « bien punir » ? La prison dans les programmes de développement
Authors: Bouagga Yasmine
Published: November 2016

Les réformes de la justice et du secteur de la sécurité sont devenues des orientations centrales des programmes d’aide au développement, dans la perspective du renforcement de l’État de droit et de la bonne gouvernance. Dans ce cadre, des organisations onusiennes, des agences nationales de coopération, des ONG internationales interviennent dans divers pays pour promouvoir les principes de la justice équitable, de la sécurité efficace et du bon châtiment. S’appuyant sur un discours commun référé aux droits de l’homme, ces acteurs diffusent pourtant des pratiques et des instruments hétérogènes. L’article de Yasmine Bouagga pose les jalons d’une enquête sur les formes de circulation du « bien punir », dans des États connaissant des situations de transition politique, propices à des interventions internationales visant la « démocratisation » et le renforcement des institutions. Paradoxalement, la prison apparaît, dans ces contextes, comme à la fois un problème et une solution.
Lactate-guided conditioning program using variable exercise intensities improves fitness and alters muscle enzyme activity but not inflammatory response in horses
Authors: Fisher A.L. , Greene H.M. , Talmadge R.J. , Nout-Lomas Y.S.
Published: November 2016

Blood lactate concentration ([LA]) response to exercise challenges can be used to assess fitness in horses. Most equine conditioning programs (CP) that have been studied are based on regular bouts of exercise of similar to increasing levels of intensity. We hypothesised that a lactate-guided CP implementing 2× weekly short-duration high-intensity exercise bouts and 1× weekly low-intensity longer-duration exercise bout effectively increases fitness in horses. Six untrained adult horses followed a 12 week CP that consisted of 2× weekly exercise on an equine treadmill (6% incline) for 25 min at a velocity at which [LA] was 4.0 mmol/l (VLA4.0) and 1× weekly for 45 min at a velocity at which [LA] was 2.5 mmol/l (VLA2.5). VLA2.5and VLA4.0were determined by incremental-step standardised-exercisetest (SET) before the CP and adjusted every 3 weeks. Blood was collected for [LA], creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum amyloid A (SAA), and fibrinogen (Fb) before each speed increase and 30 min, 2, 4, and 24 h after termination of the SET, when [LA] was ≥4.0 mmol/l. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used for analysis. During each SET horses showed increases in heart rate (P<0.0001), packed cell volume (P=0.003), and [LA] (P=0.002). Throughout the CP, VLA2.5 increased from 5.6±0.2 to 6.7±0.3 m/s (P<0.05) and VLA4.0 increased from 6.0±0.2 to 7.4±0.3 m/s (P<0.01). CK, AST, SAA, and Fb did not increase following submaximal exercise. CK and AST activity were attenuated throughout the 12 week CP (P<0.05). This lactate-guided CP was effective at increasing fitness based on achieving higher speeds during the SETs and did not appear to have deleterious effects on the horses’ muscular system or inflammatory state.
Disassembly for remanufacturing: A systematic literature review, new model development and future research needs
Authors: Priyono Anjar , Ijomah Winifred , Bititci Umit
Published: November 2016

Purpose: Disassembly is an important process that distinguishes remanufacturing from conventional manufacturing. It is a unique process that becomes focus of investigation from many scholars. Yet, most scholars investigate disassembly from technical and operational standpoint that lack of strategic perspective. This paper attempts to fill this gap by looking at disassembly from a strategic perspective by considering organisational characteristics, process choices and product attributes. To be more specific, this paper has three objectives. First, to gain understanding what has been done, and what need to be done in the field of disassembly in remanufacturing. Second, to conduct a systematic literature review for identifying the factors affecting disassembly for remanufacturing. Third, to propose a new model of disassembly for remanufacturing and also to provide avenues for future research.Design/methodology/approach: This study used a systematic literature review method. A series of steps were undertaken during the review. The study was started with determining the purpose of the study, selecting appropriate keywords, and reducing the selected papers using a number of criteria. A deeper analysis was carried out on the final paper that meets the criteria for this review.Findings: There are two main findings of this study. First, a list of factors affecting disassembly in remanufacturing is identified. The factors can be categorised into three groups: organisational factors, process choices and product attributes. Second, using factors that have been identified, a new model of disassembly process for remanufacturing is developed. Current studies only consider disassembly as a physical activity to break down products into components. In the new model, disassembly is viewed as a process that converts into into output, which consist of a series of steps.Research limitations/implications: The opportunities for future research include: the need to develop an index of factors affecting disassembly, and how to most appropriate relationship between original equipment manufacturers and contract remanufacturers to share knowledge gained from remanufacturing operations to improve product remanufacturability.Practical implications: Remanufacturers should not focus on product attributes only in order to manage their disassembly process efficiently. Rather, more strategic factors such organisational factors and process choices should also be considered as well.Originality/value: This is the first study that identifies a comprehensive factors affecting disassembly in remanufacturing. In addition, it is for the first time that disassembly is not only viewed as a physical activity, but it is a process that consists of a series of step.
Isotopic discrimination factors and nitrogen turnover rates in reared Atlantic bluefin tuna larvae (Thunnus thynnus): effects of maternal transmission
Authors: Uriarte Amaya , García Alberto , Ortega Aurelio , De la Gándara Fernando , Quintanilla José , Laiz-Carrión Raúl
Published: November 2016

The use of stable isotope analysis to study animal diets requires estimates of isotopic turnover rates (half time, t50) and discrimination factors (Δ) for an accurate interpretation of trophic patterns. The stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen were analysed for eggs and reared larvae of Thunnus thynnus, as well as for the different diets supplied during the experiment. The results showed high values of δ15N in eggs and larvae (n=646) until 4 DAH. After this time lapse, the stable isotope values declined progressively until 12 DAH, when notochord flexion began. The δ13C showed an inverse trend, suggesting that maternal inheritance of the stable isotopes is evident until pre-flexion stages. This study proposes a model for estimating maternal isotopic signatures of bluefin broodstock. After notochord flexion, larvae were fed with aquaculture-bred gilthead seabream, which resulted in a rapid increase of bluefin larvae δ15N values together with a rapid decrease in δ13C values. The estimated nitrogen half-time to reach the steady state from the diet was 2.5±0.3 days and the discrimination factor was 0.4±0.3(‰). These results represent the first data set that has allowed isotopic nitrogen turnover rates and discrimination factors of the larval stages of bluefin tuna to be estimated.
Predation and anthropogenic impact on community structure of boulder beaches
Authors: Aldana Marcela , Maturana Diego , Pulgar José , García-Huidobro M. Roberto
Published: November 2016

Predator impacts on intertidal community structure have been studied for rocky platforms, but intertidal boulder fields, a habitat with a greater extension and heterogeneity, have not yet been considered. Keeping in mind that disturbances are considered an important force in determining intertidal habitat diversity, the aims of this work were to describe and quantify boulder field community structure and to assess boulder field community dynamics by proposing possible food webs, taking into consideration predatory and anthropogenic impacts. These aims were achieved by installing predator-exclusion cages outfitted with rocks that were monitored monthly over one year in two study zones, a Management and Exploitation Area for Benthic Resources (MEABR, Playa Chica) and open-access area (OAA, Playa Grande). For both study zones, juveniles were the dominant observed ontogenetic state and invertebrate richness and density were higher inside exclusion cages. Furthermore, the MEABR had a differentiated impact on community structure and dynamics in comparison with the OAA. In conclusion, the roles played by boulder fields in intertidal diversity, especially in recruitment and as a nursery zone, are important to consider in management plans.
Laboratory development of Capitella sp. A (Annelida: Capitellidae) from a NW Mediterranean fish farm reared under different organic enrichment conditions
Authors: Méndez Nuria
Published: November 2016

The polychaete Capitella sp. A, collected in a NW Mediterranean fish farm (Les Cases d’Alcanar, Tarragona, Spain), was cultured for the first time under experimental conditions with different organically enriched sediments to study the differences in development and growth. The species proved to be dioecious and had lecithotrophic development. Sizes of individuals and duration of the developmental stages varied widely, as in most known species of Capitella. In organically enriched sediments, the juveniles were seen one day after hatching and immature females (i.e. with yellow ovaries) after 52 days. Females may reach maturity (i.e. show white intra-coelomic oocytes) at about 64 days old, and the species had a life span of 167 days. According to its development, Capitella sp. A differs from all known lecithotrophic species of the genus. The results also proved that organically enrichment enhanced growth and survival, whereas lowering food can cause morphological alterations such as reduced size in male genital spines.
High spatial heterogeneity of two planktonic cnidarian species related to the variability of a shelf-slope front at short time scales
Authors: Guerrero Elena , Marrodán Anna , Sabatés Ana , Orejas Covadonga , Gili Josep Maria
Published: November 2016

We investigated the variability in the mesoscale distribution of the siphonophore Muggiaea atlantica and the hydromedusa Aglaura hemistoma in relation to the rapid spatial oscillations of the shelf-slope front off the Catalan coast (NW Mediterranean). Three extensive surveys were carried out in spring at ten-day intervals. High variability in the position of the front resulted from the advection of low-salinity waters originating in the Gulf of Lions, mainly from the Rhône River runoff. High spatial variability in the distribution of the two species was closely related to the shifting positions of the front. Both species occurred on its inshore side in much higher abundances than on its offshore side, where they were scarce or absent. The front acts as a barrier limiting offshore displacement of these two cnidarians. Statistical analyses showed that bottom depth and salinity, as independent variables, were indicators of the signature and position of the front, explaining most of the variance in the distribution and abundance of the two species.
Smartphones and their Increased Importance in U.S. Presidential Elections
Authors: McNeal Ramona Sue , Schmeida Mary , Bryan Lisa Dotterweich
Published: November 2016

Early researchers had predicted that the Internet might help to encourage political participation through its ability to make political information more accessible. Unfortunately, disparities in Internet access made it unlikely that the Internet would have much of an impact on voter turnout. Telecommunication technology has evolved and among these new advances is smartphones, which help to increase Internet access. The purpose of this chapter is to examine this argument by exploring the relationship between smartphone ownership and voting. This topic is explored using multivariate regression analysis and individual level data from the 2012 American National Election Studies. Findings suggest that smartphones are helping to increase voter turnout through their ability to facilitate other online activities such as visiting candidate websites and taking part in political discussion through social networking sites.
Alternative Tweeting
Authors: Anthony Sabrina Mercy , Zhang Weiyu
Published: November 2016

The 2011 Singapore General Election was a watershed election that saw an unprecedented amount of political discourse on social media. It also marked the first time Twitter was used on a large-scale for political communication in Singapore. Interestingly, political discourse on Twitter was found to be different from other online media. This study drew upon framing theories to investigate the alternative frames in Twitter's public discourse about the elections. Using framing analysis a comparative study was carried out between the framing of the general elections in Twitter's public discourse and Singapore's government-regulated mainstream newspaper, The Straits Times. Consistent with previous findings, the study found that election coverage in both Twitter and the mainstream newspaper used game metaframing. However, Twitter and the mainstream newspaper used different subframes, where subframes in Twitter provided an alternative narrative to the official rhetoric in the mainstream newspaper.
Genres in the MOOCology of Writing
Authors: Tham Jason Chew Kit
Published: November 2016

With constant emergence of cloud services and platforms for learning at a global scale, the field of education is in the midst of exploring and adapting to new pedagogical features afforded by these environments. Among the most debated is the development of MOOCs, short for massive open online courses, which pose questions to the traditional brick-and-mortar teaching model and implore new ways for instruction and learning. While some studies have looked at the effectiveness of MOOCs as a mode of delivery, there still lacks a genre approach to analyzing MOOCs as socio-rhetorical systems that have complex relationships with other social entities in the larger ecology of learning. With an eye toward how writing is taught and learned in the MOOC context, I investigate the kinds of course genre invented or reimagined by the cloud technologies and pedagogies afforded by MOOCs, and how those affordances facilitate writing instruction. Specifically, I use Activity Theory to highlight the genre activities specific to two composition MOOCs. By situating these MOOCs as activity systems, I offer an informed observation on the genre components affecting how students learn about writing in MOOC settings. These insights lead to numerous pedagogical implications, including the need to treat MOOCs as an emerging learning ecology that is different from conventional models.
Pervasive Pedagogy
Authors: Brown Maury Elizabeth , Hocutt Daniel L.
Published: November 2016

Cloud-based services designed for educational use, like Google Apps for Education (GAFE), afford deeply collaborative activities across multiple applications. Through primary research, the authors discovered that cloud-based technologies such as GAFE and Google Drive afford new opportunities for collaborative cross-platform composing and student engagement. These affordances require new pedagogies to transform these potentialities into practice, as well as a reexamination of contemporary theory of computers and composition. The authors' journey implementing Google Drive as a composing and communication environment required continually remediating content, relationships, practices, and their own identities as they interacted with students in the cloud. This chapter addresses how GAFE and Google Drive engage students in the composition classroom, redefine and transform pedagogical and curricular concepts, and improve students' experience and learning.
The Digital Third World, Digital Democracy, and Cloud Pedagogy
Authors: Neupane Dhruba
Published: November 2016

Cloud computing and Cloud technology has generated teachers' and scholars' attention as a viable alternative to traditional education. However, the discourse and rhetoric around Cloud—computing, education, pedagogy—seems to romanticize the potential of Cloud technology, ignoring, consequently, questions about language, power, and ideology. This chapter reintroduces those issues. Then it discusses blogs by multilingual writers that not only provide teaching materials free of access but also show how language, translation, and transnational exchanges get mediated. I show connection between the digital Third World, issues of equality and access that constitute part of the discussion around Cloud education, and offer a few takeaways from blogs as a democratic exercise. Finally, I discuss what Cloud pedagogy can learn from recent discussion in translingualism.
Doctoral Learning and Cognitive Apprenticeship
Authors: Emmons Katherine
Published: November 2016

This chapter discusses the role of cloud technology tools in helping build mentoring relationships in online doctoral programs, drawing on examples and experiences observed in the author's 15 years as a PhD dissertation chair. Ideas of cognitive apprenticeship and learning communities together provide a framework for identifying methods and skills that are helpful in the development of emerging scholars. The author describes the steps of modeling, coaching, scaffolding, articulation, reflection, and exploration in the context of helping doctoral learners through to completion. Practical implications of using cloud technologies such as web conferencing, folder and file sharing, scheduling tools, and learning management systems are discussed through examples. The author also considers online strategies for fostering of one on one mentoring relationships for doctoral research and writing, as well as establishing and maintaining communities of doctoral peer groups.
Interference Management for Full-Duplex Massive MIMO Relaying System with Hardware Impairments
Authors: Xu Kui , Xia Xiaochen , Xu Youyun , Zhang Dongmei
Published: November 2016

Massive MIMO full-duplex relaying (MM-FDR), where multiple source-destination pairs communicate simultaneously with the help of a common full-duplex relay equipped with very large antenna arrays, is studied in this chapter. Different from the traditional MM-FDR protocol, a general model where sources/destinations are allowed to equip with multiple antennas is considered. The effect of hardware impairments is taken into consideration, and is modeled using transmit/receive distortion noises. We propose a low complexity hardware impairments aware transceiver scheme (named as HIA scheme) to mitigate the distortion noises by exploiting the statistical knowledge of channels and antenna arrays at sources and destinations. A joint degree of freedom and power optimization algorithm is presented to further optimize the spectral efficiency of HIA based MM-FDR. The results show that the HIA scheme can mitigate the ``ceiling effect” appears in traditional MM-FDR protocol, if the numbers of antennas at sources and destinations can scale with that at the relay.
Interference Mitigation for Satellite
Authors: Liao Yong , Li Yufeng , Zhang Shumin , Zhao Ming , Zhou Xin , Chen Ling , Shen Xuanfan , Hu Yi
Published: November 2016

For the coexistence and increasing interference of satellite-terrestrial network and terrestrial wireless network, we analyze a typical scenario where the GEO satellite-terrestrial network and the 4G mobile communication network coexist heterogeneously. Besides, a multi-user cognitive system model that secondary satellite terminals interfere the primary MIMO 4G base stations is also proposed, with whose general signal processing is deduced. Meanwhile, DBF technology in 4G base station system is adopted to minimize the cognitive interference caused by multi-antennas and multi-users. And we propose an OBW-FAI. Weight vector is only related to the azimuth of the interferences, thus the proposed algorithm does not need real-time and repeat calculations, and has small complexity. Finally, the numerical simulation results verify that the proposed system and algorithm can effectively reduce interference between satellite-terrestrial network and terrestrial wireless network to a certain extent.
The Combination of Resource Allocation and Interference Alignment for Ultra-Dense Heterogeneous Cellular Networks
Authors: Meng Yun , Dong Yuan , Shi Song
Published: November 2016

Different with the traditional resource allocation problems, the consistency of resource occupation and the diversity of interference of participants in interference alignment (IA) clusters bring about the complexity in the combination of resource allocation and IA. Therefore, this chapter gives a transformed conflict graph-based solution framework which considers the low complexity of chordal graph, where the selection criteria of IA clusters are determined by the influence of IA on the resource occupation and the interference. The simulation results show that the proposed schemes can improve the network performance.
From Summon to SearchPlus
Authors: Sochay Lee , Junus Ranti
Published: November 2016

This chapter examines and details the RFP process that the MSU Libraries undertook for the implementation of a discovery tool. The chapter will look at each step in the process and focus on the tasks involved, the reasons for those tasks, how they fit the overall objective, and how they were used to build consensus. Funding and sustainability are implied as this project came as a directive from library administration and sustainability is dependent on the performance of the discovery tool. The evaluation of performance is part of an ongoing project in which two reports have been generated pointing to the success in the usage goals of the discovery tool. Issues and planning techniques will be expanded in each of the proposed sections of the chapter.
Sustainable Education
Authors: Zahid Muhammad , Ghazali Zulkipli , Rahman Haseeb Ur
Published: November 2016

The sustainable development (hereafter, S.D.) aims a growth that could satisfy the wants and needs of present generation without affecting future generations. Accordingly, this study investigates the role of HEIs in S.D. by selecting the case of Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia. The study adapted the universities sustainable development initiatives checklist/index for qualitative analysis of the main website, operational documents, and practical initiatives of the university for S.D. The findings revealed that the university has good and meaningful contributions towards three dimensions of S.D. i.e. economic, social and environment. The study proposed an improvement in Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and implementation of S.D. framework for universities. The findings have significance and practical implications for academia, regulatory bodies, policy makers, and HEIs. Also, the findings are significant in association with new economic model (NEM) and vision 2020 of Malaysia.
Evaluating Asian Cross Country Differences in Export Openness and Import Openness
Authors: Kumar Manoj
Published: November 2016

A new framework is developed to evaluate how Asian cross-country differences in export openness and import openness in 2015 affected the level of real per capita income. Familiar and novel instruments are used to extract the exogenous components of total trade (exports plus imports) and of net exports (exports minus imports), which in turn imply distinct export and import effects. We build on an existing literature (Frankel-Romer and others) that uses aspects of an Asian country's geography as instrumental variables for total trade openness. We build on an Asian country's demography and net wealth abroad to develop a novel instrument for net export openness. Our new estimates reveal that export openness alone correlates with income cross-sectionally, not import openness.