bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Method for Predicting the Shielding Effectiveness of an Apertured Enclosure with an Interior Enclosure based on Electromagnetic Topology
Authors: Zhou Jin-Cheng , Wang Xue-Tian
Published: March 2023

A fast analytical method has been proposed for predicting the shielding effectiveness (SE) and resonances of an apertured enclosure with an interior enclosure. Under the concept of electromagnetic topology, the monitor point and the walls are treated as nodes, and the space between them is treated as tubes. The propagation relationships at tube level and reflection relationships at node level are derived as the propagation matrix. After modeling the front wall of the interior enclosure as a junction between two waveguides, an equivalent circuital model of the enclosures is derived. The front wall and the window structure in front of the adjacent space of the interior enclosure are considered as a three-port scattering matrix. Then we can use the extended BLT equations to calculate the voltage response at each node. Results from the proposed method are compared with those from the numerical method, and the results have a good agreement while it can dramatically save calculation time.
Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Magnetic Levitation Rotor Considering Unbalanced Magnetic Pull
Authors: Zhang Shuyue , Chen Zaibin , Lva Xiaolian , Yan Hongli , Wu Jihao , Zhou Yuanliang
Published: March 2023

The working principle of the motor can cause unbalanced magnetic pull (UMP) between stator and rotor unavoidably. Previous research about nonlinear vibration excited by UMP was focused on the rotor supported by traditional mechanical bearings or gas bearings. However, the magnetic levitation rotor is particular due to the low rigidity provided by the active magnetic bearing (AMB). UMP amplifies rotor vibration in the resonant zone and further excites the nonlinear electromagnetic force, thus producing different vibration phenomena. The paper calculates rotor orbit, spectra analysis, and time-history plot with numerical methods and studies the influence of the rotation speed, eccentricity, key control parameters, and UMP on rotor dynamics in detail. Results illustrate displacement response spectra of the magnetic levitation rotor are quite different from previous research results. The appearing frequency components are inducted by universal formulas in this paper. Furthermore, research shows a slight adjustment of the control parameters affect significantly harmonic components and vibration characteristics. The research results have practical reference significance for fault diagnosis, feature recognition, and controller optimization of the AMB-rotor system.
Reconstruction based on adaptive group least angle regression for fluorescence molecular tomography
Authors: An Yu , Wang Hanfan , Li Jiaqian , Li Guanghui , Ma Xiaopeng , Du Yang , Tian Jie
Published: March 2023

Fluorescence molecular tomography can combine two-dimensional
fluorescence imaging with anatomical information to reconstruct
three-dimensional images of tumors. Reconstruction based on
traditional regularization with tumor sparsity priors does not take
into account that tumor cells form clusters, so it performs poorly
when multiple light sources are used. Here we describe reconstruction
based on an “adaptive group least angle regression elastic
net” (AGLEN) method, in which local spatial structure
correlation and group sparsity are integrated with elastic net
regularization, followed by least angle regression. The AGLEN method
works iteratively using the residual vector and a median smoothing
strategy in order to adaptively obtain a robust local optimum. The
method was verified using numerical simulations as well as imaging of
mice bearing liver or melanoma tumors. AGLEN reconstruction performed
better than state-of-the-art methods with different sizes of light
sources at different distances from the sample and in the presence of
Gaussian noise at 5–25%. In addition, AGLEN-based
reconstruction accurately imaged tumor expression of cell death
ligand-1, which can guide immunotherapy.
Impact of resampling interpolation FIR filter in the practical Kramers-Kronig receiver
Authors: Liu Yuyang , Zhang Anxu , Feng Lipeng , Lv Kai , Liu Hao , Su Guangnan , Sheng Xia , Gong Yadong , Huo Xiaoli , Li Junjie , Zhang Chengliang , Li Yan , Wu Jian
Published: March 2023

The practical Kramers-Kronig (KK) receiver has been a competitive receiving technique in the data-center, medium reach, and even long-haul metropolitan networks. Nevertheless, an extra digital resampling operation is required at both ends of the KK field reconstruction algorithm due to the spectrum broadening caused by adopting the nonlinear function. Generally, the digital resampling function can be implemented by using linear interpolation (LI-ITP), the Lagrange cubic interpolation (LC-ITP), the spline cubic interpolation (SC-ITP), time-domain anti-aliasing finite impulse response (FIR) filter method (TD-FRM) scheme, and fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based scheme. However, the performance and the computational complexity analysis of different resampling interpolation schemes in the KK receiver have not been thoroughly investigated yet. Different from the interpolation schemes of conventional coherent detection, the interpolation function of the KK system is followed by the nonlinear operation, which will broaden the spectrum significantly. Due to the frequency-domain transfer function of different interpolation schemes, the broadened spectrum will have a potential spectrum aliasing, which will cause serious inter-symbol interference (ISI) and further impair the KK phase retrieval performance. We experimentally investigate the performance of different interpolation schemes under different digital up-sampling rates (i.e. the computational complexity) as well as the cut-off frequency, the tap number of the anti-aliasing filter, and the shape factor of the TD-FRM scheme in a 112-Gbit/s SSB DD 16-QAM system over 1920-km Raman amplification (RFA)-based standard single-mode fiber (SSMF). The experimental results involve that the TD-FRM scheme outperforms other interpolation schemes and the complexity is reduced by at least 49.6%. In fiber transmission results, take 20% soft decision-forward error correction (SD-FEC) of 2×10−2 as the threshold, the LI-ITP and LC-ITP schemes only reach 720-km while others can reach up to 1440-km.
Intra-cavity laser-assisted solar-energy conversion
Authors: Jiménez Ignacio , Wallentowitz Sascha , Seifert Birger , Volkmann Ulrich , Díaz-Droguett Donovan , Cabrera A.L. , Gence Loïk
Published: March 2023

It is shown how to efficiently convert solar into electrical energy,
taking advantage of laser amplification and intra-cavity use of a
low-efficiency converter. The latter may consist of a low-efficiency
transparent photovoltaic cell or a thermoelectric cell integrated
into a metallic laser-cavity mirror, constituting a minor intra-cavity
loss for the laser operation. The overall power conversion efficiency
is derived and discussed for a variety of current solid-state laser materials. It is shown that power conversion efficiencies comparable with commercial silicon photovoltaic cells are obtained with current standard laser materials.
Gut bacteria influence Blastocystis sp. phenotypes and may trigger pathogenicity
Authors: Rajamanikam Arutchelvan , Isa Mohd Noor Mat , Samudi Chandramathi , Devaraj Sridevi , Govind Suresh Kumar
Published: March 2023

Whilst the influence of intestinal microbiota has been shown in many diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome, colorectal cancer, and aging, investigations are still scarce on its role in altering the nature of other infective organisms. Here we studied the association and interaction ofBlastocystissp. and human intestinal microbiota. In this study, we investigated the gut microbiome ofBlastocystissp.-free andBlastocystissp. ST3-infected individuals who are symptomatic and asymptomatic. We tested if the expression of phenotype and pathogenic characteristics ofBlastocystissp. ST3 was influenced by the alteration of its accompanying microbiota.Blastocystissp. ST3 infection alters bacterial composition. Its presence in asymptomatic individuals showed a significant effect on microbial richness compared to symptomatic ones. Inferred metagenomic findings suggest that colonization ofBlastocystissp. ST3 could contribute to the alteration of microbial functions. For the first time, we demonstrate the influence of bacteria onBlastocystissp. pathogenicity. WhenBlastocystissp. isolated from a symptomatic individual was co-cultured with bacterial suspension ofBlastocystissp. from an asymptomatic individual, the parasite demonstrated increased growth and reduced potential pathogenic expressions. This study also reveals thatBlastocystissp. infection could influence microbial functions without much effect on the microbiota diversity itself. Our results also demonstrate evidence on the influential role of gut microbiota in altering the characteristics of the parasite, which becomes the basis for the contradictory findings on the parasite’s pathogenic role seen across different studies. Our study provides evidence that asymptomaticBlastocystissp. in a human gut can be triggered to show pathogenic characteristics when influenced by the intestinal microbiota.
Interleukin-10 as Covid-19 biomarker targeting KSK and its analogues: Integrated network pharmacology
Authors: V. Vidhya Rajalakshmi , Ramu Akilandeswari , Chinnappan Jayaprakash , Velmurugan Palanivel , Pathak Rajiv , Pashameah Rami Adel , A. Oyouni Atif Abdulwahab , M. Al-Amer Osama , I. Alasseiri Mohammed , Hamadi Abdullah , A. Alanazi Mansuor , Sathiamoorthi Thangavelu
Published: March 2023

COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is widespread in all regions, and it disturbs host immune system functioning leading to extreme inflammatory reaction and hyperactivation of the immune response. Kabasura Kudineer (KSK) is preventive medicine against viral infections and a potent immune booster for inflammation-related diseases. We hypothesize that KSK and KSK similar plant compounds, might prevent or control the COVID-19 infection in the human body. 1,207 KSK and KSK similar compounds were listed and screened via the Swiss ADME tool and PAINS Remover; 303 compounds were filtered including active and similar drug compounds. The targets were retrieved from similar drugs of the active compounds of KSK. Finally, 573 genes were listed after several screening steps. Next, network analysis was performed to finalize the potential target gene: construction of protein-protein interaction of 573 genes using STRING, identifying top hub genes in Cytoscape plug-ins (MCODE and cytoHubba). These ten hub genes play a crucial role in the inflammatory response. Target-miRNA interaction was also constructed using the miRNet tool to interpret miRNAs of the target genes and their functions. Functional annotation was done via DAVID to gain a complete insight into the mechanism of the enriched pathways and other diseases related to the given target genes. In Molecular Docking analysis, IL10 attained top rank in Target-miRNA interaction and also the gene formed prominent exchanges with an excellent binding score (> = -8.0) against 19 compounds. Among them, Guggulsterone has an acute affinity score of -8.8 for IL10 and exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Molecular Dynamics simulation study also performed for IL10 and the interacting ligand compounds using GROMACS. Finally, Guggulsterone will be recommended to enhance immunity against several inflammatory diseases, including COVID19.
Impact of genomic literacy components on genetic testing decision-making in the general Japanese population in the 20s and 30s
Authors: Miyoshi Tomomi , Watanabe Masaki
Published: March 2023

In promoting genomic medicine, genomic literacy, which is the public’s ability to acquire and utilize the knowledge and skills related to genetics and genomes, requires urgent improvement. This study determined how the three components of genomic literacy (genetic/genomic knowledge, health numeracy, and interactive and critical health literacy) are associated with risk and benefit perception for genetic testing and decision-making related to genetic testing. Using an online questionnaire, we surveyed genetic/genomic knowledge, health numeracy, interactive and critical health literacy, risk and benefit perception of genetic testing, and intention toward genetic testing of 857 Japanese citizens (aged 20–39). A vignette was created to measure the intention toward genetic testing, and respondents were asked about their willingness to undergo genetic testing and to share the results with their partners and children. The path analysis, which was done by creating a path diagram revealing the relationship of the three components with risk and benefit perception, revealed that genetic and genomic knowledge and interactive and critical health literacy affected the respondents’ intention to undergo genetic testing via recognition of the benefits of such testing. Further, it was suggested that health numeracy affects benefit perception through risk perception toward genetic testing. However, the goodness of fit of this model for the intention of conveying positive results to partners and children was relatively low, thus indicating that the hypothetical model needs to be reexamined.
Comparison of incidence and outcome between occupational and non-occupational motorcycle injuries in Korea: A 7-years observational study
Authors: Moon Sungbae , Ryoo Hyun Wook , Cho Jae Wan , Jung Haewon , Seo Kang Suk , Lim Kyoung Hoon
Published: March 2023

Motorcycles are widely used in various workplaces. Motorcycle use for occupational purposes continues to increase owing to growing e-commerce. Here, we aimed to highlight the importance of occupational motorcycle injuries by analyzing their epidemiologic characteristics and outcomes. We analyzed retrospective data from the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance program from 2012 to 2018. Motor vehicle injuries involving riders aged ≥16 years were included. Patients were divided into occupational motorcycle and non-occupational motorcycle injury groups based on whether or not the injury occurred during work time. General characteristics, injury details, and clinical outcomes such as injury severity and in-hospital mortality were analyzed. Of the 37,194 study patients, 24.2% (8,991) experienced occupational motorcycle injuries. The number of injuries in both groups increased yearly, as did the proportion of occupational injuries among total injuries. In both the groups, patients aged 20–29 years had the highest proportion of injuries. Regarding collision pattern and injury counterpart, side-to-side collisions and injuries involving small four-wheel vehicles were the most frequent. Alcohol intake was significantly lower, while helmet usage was higher in the occupational motorcycle injury group. Moreover, patients with occupational motorcycle injuries had lower injury severity, admission rate, and in-hospital mortality. On multivariable logistic regression analysis, increasing age, time of the injury, alcohol intake, not using a helmet, and collision with a human or animal were associated with higher odds of severe injury. Patients with occupational injuries had higher helmet usage, lower injury severity, lower mortality, and lower admission rate than did patients with non-occupational injuries. Injury severity was associated with the time of injury, collision with other living objects, alcohol consumption, and helmet usage.
POSEA: A novel algorithm to evaluate the performance of multi-object instance image segmentation
Authors: Wang Nianchao , Hu Linghao , Walsh Alex J.
Published: March 2023

Many techniques and software packages have been developed to segment individual cells within microscopy images, necessitating a robust method to evaluate images segmented into a large number of unique objects. Currently, segmented images are often compared with ground-truth images at a pixel level; however, this standard pixel-level approach fails to compute errors due to pixels incorrectly assigned to adjacent objects. Here, we define a per-object segmentation evaluation algorithm (POSEA) that calculates segmentation accuracy metrics for each segmented object relative to a ground truth segmented image. To demonstrate the performance of POSEA, precision, recall, and f-measure metrics are computed and compared with the standard pixel-level evaluation for simulated images and segmented fluorescence microscopy images of three different cell samples. POSEA yields lower accuracy metrics than the standard pixel-level evaluation due to correct accounting of misclassified pixels of adjacent objects. Therefore, POSEA provides accurate evaluation metrics for objects with pixels incorrectly assigned to adjacent objects and is robust for use across a variety of applications that require evaluation of the segmentation of unique adjacent objects.
Middle-Class Déjà Vu: Conditions of Possibility from Victorian England to Contemporary Kathmandu
Authors: Liechty Mark
Published: March 2023

Although the term “middle class” is often invoked, almost never is the concept defined or theorized in any systematic, coherent manner. What is a middle class or middle-classness? Is there one middle class or many? How are we to understand relationships between middle-class formations in different times and places? Combining perspectives from both anthropology and history, this paper tries to address the problem of how it is that we can call groups “middle class” even if they are culturally very different and separated widely in time and space. How do we conceptualize “middle class” theoretically to account for both what is similar, and what is different? Drawing on the concept of “conditions of possibility”, this paper offers a historical and spatial model of middle class formation, one that attempts to theorize the formation of middle classes, and the emergence of differences between them, in terms of historical processes and patterns of inter- and intra-class spatialization. This involves conceptualizing the emergence of middle classes in the context of global capitalism while also avoiding the teleological reduction that labels some middle-class cultures as merely derivative of others.
In integrated View of New Zealand Family Violence Programmes
Authors: MacGill Victor
Published: March 2023

The models, concepts, and theories commonly used in family violence programme work tend to only employ one perspective. Approaches like CBT, DBT, wise mind, transactional analysis and mindfulness focus on the mind. Many tools like Time Out, Karpman’s Triangle, the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse and Duluth Wheels aim at the relationships level of social interaction, while others focus on wider social issues like the Social Atom, the Man Box, and theories of Colonialisation. There is generally a lack of body-based approaches. Individual pieces of a jigsaw have value but become much more powerful when the wider connections and relationships are revealed.

In contrast, Te Whare Tapa Wha provides an excellent indigenous overview of human nature using the metaphor of a house with four interlocking walls to describe tinana, hinengaro, whanau, and wairua. Gregg Henriques’ Unified Theory of Knowledge describes human life as the optimised management of flows of matter, energy, and information operating simultaneously through nested layers of matter, life, mind, culture, and spirit that harmonise with Te Whare Tapa Wha. Each level arises out of and is dependent on the previous layer. The layers are said to rhyme because although there are clear differences, similarities resonate through the whole evolutionary tree. When flows are impeded, or boundaries invaded, abuse and violence results.

This paper attempts to integrate the model and concepts into a coherent practical form that clients can more easily relate to. They were developed through countless hours of exploration with both 1-1 and group clients.
Dramaturgy of Ethnicity and Diversity
Authors: Chan Rachel Suet Kay
Published: March 2023

Recently, there has been an increase in the consumption and production of Japanese comics or manga in Malaysia, to the extent that Malaysians are producing their own homegrown manga titles. For example, Gempak Starz, a Malaysian comics and manga publisher, has been instrumental in spearheading the launch of many localised manga titles. Manga, which originates from Japan, has often been the topic of debate, regarding its depiction of characters, especially in terms of ethnicity. Iwabuchi (1998) used the term “culturally odorless” to describe the way in which many manga characters do not appear to belong to any particular ethnicity or culture. My research question is, how does Malaysian homegrown manga differ from the standard Japanese manga? For example, are there visual and thematic differences? Does it have potential for social critique and education? This paper analyses the way ethnicity and diversity are depicted in several selected manga titles from Gempak Starz’s most popular manga series, highlighting the ways in which ethnicity and culture are made recognisable. I comparatively analyse the dramaturgical approach in selected Japanese manga and selected Malaysian manga published and translated by Gempak Starz. I ultimately confirm that there is indeed a second wave of manga in Malaysia that transcends the initial “culturally odorless” appearance of traditional Japanese manga as outlined by Iwabuchi (Chan, 2018).
Bringing Rangeland Taxonomy Into The 21st Century
Authors: Kelly Austin
Published: March 2023

Many essential components of rangeland taxonomy have remained unchanging over the centuries: collection and preservation of herbarium specimens, memorized field identification, use of dichotomous keys, and constant debate over how plants should be classified to name a few. Though technology has advanced greatly since the time of Linnaeus, rangeland taxonomy seems to be lagging behind modern times. The advancements of molecular science and communication technology arefinally bringing Rangeland Taxonomy into the 21st century.
Wymagania dotyczące zawartości substancji szkodliwych w wyrobach rynkowych z tworzyw sztucznych i gumy. Cz. III. Sprzęt elektryczny i elektroniczny, baterie i akumulatory
Authors: Kolasa Dorota , Lach Jakub , Wróbel Kamil , Samsonowska Katarzyna , Kaszuba Alicja , Stępkowska Aneta , Wróbel Justyna
Published: March 2023

Artykuł jest kontynuacją przeglądu obowiązujących aktów prawnych dotyczących bezpieczeństwa produktów wprowadzanych na rynek Unii Europejskiej. Przegląd, w części III dotyczący przepisów w zakresie kontroli substancji szkodliwych w sprzęcie elektrycznym i elektronicznym oraz bateriach i akumulatorach, obejmuje zarówno akty prawne UE, jak i akty krajowe transponujące przepisy unijne do prawa polskiego w tym zakresie.
Research-informed teacher education, teacher autonomy and teacher agency: the example of Finland
Authors: Chung Jennifer
Published: March 2023

Finnish education has received worldwide attention due to the country’s performances in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Research investigating Finland’s positive outcomes in the assessment has highlighted not only the strength of teachers, but also the rigour of Finnish teacher education. Finnish student teachers must undertake research-based teacher education culminating in a master’s degree. The study of educational science, underpinned by empirical research, creates teacher-researchers. A Nordic/Continental view of educational governance allows for input control in terms of a national core curriculum in Finland, without surveillance of outcomes. The structure of the Finnish education system, characterised by decentralisation and the national core curriculum, entrusts teachers to make their own pedagogical decisions. This leads to autonomous and agentic teachers in terms of decision-making on the classroom, school, and professional levels, both individually and collectively. Finnish education, underpinned by social democratic values, views education as an agent of social change. Therefore, teachers enact social transformation through the agency enabled by research-informed teacher education. Finland’s political consensus regarding education and societal trust in teachers further reinforces teacher autonomy and agency. This article argues that the rigorous research focus of Finnish teacher education cultivates autonomous and agentic teachers.
Prácticas de Laboratorio de Picosatélites
Authors: Aparicio Pico Lilia Edith , Giraldo Benítez Adrián Esteban , Espinel Gómez Diego Fernando
Published: March 2023

El libro Prácticas de Laboratorios de Picosatélites es otro de los resultados del trabajo experimental del grupo de investigación Gitem++ para el desarrollo autónomo de un picosatélite. Esta publicación contiene detalles sobre los insumos, requerimientos y montajes para la realización de las prácticas en el camino de formación de expertos para el desarrollo de pequeños satélites; sintetiza los experimentos llevados a cabo para el diseño preliminar y el diseño crítico de los módulos que conforman un picosatélite. Estas prácticas corresponden a los laboratorios, y se entienden como el soporte experimental de las especificaciones para la composición de los módulos de potencia y comunicaciones; también se abordan los detalles de la sala de mando y la estación terrena, así como una completa descripción para la construcción del módulo de datos y el control del satélite y la sala limpia. Varias de las temáticas incluidas aquí se complementan en el libro de Laboratorio de Picosatélites de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, publicado por esta editorial.
Heart rate variability and trait anxiety in children with irritable bowel syndrome: is there a link?
Authors: Semen M. O. , Lychkovska O. L. , Semen V. D. , Yelisieieva O. P.
Published: March 2023

Aim. The aim of current study was to evaluate parameters of heart rate variability and their correlation with the levels of anxiety in children with irritable bowel syndrome.
Materials and methods. We enrolled 22 children aged 6–12 years with verified diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome according to the Rome criteria IV. The control group included 10 children of the same age and sex. The CMAS (Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale) test was used for evaluation of the trait anxiety level. A non-invasive method of heart rate variability is used as a transdiagnostic biomarker of neurohumoral regulation and, thus, of the stress resistance. Time and frequency domain parameters of heart rate variability were studied in 5 min ECG-recordings in supine position. Data were processed using Microsoft Excel 2016 and analyzed with GraphPad (Prism 5.0).
Results. Children with irritable bowel syndrome had significantly 1.7-fold higher levels of trait anxiety and 2.2-fold lower values of heart rate variability parameters as compared to the control group. In addition, reduced sympathetic (LF) activity was accompanied by upregulation of neurohumoral component (VLF) and parasympathetic (HF) activity. A positive correlation between parameters of heart rate variability and trait anxiety was found in children with irritable bowel syndrome.
Conclusions. Children with irritable bowel syndrome were shown with increased levels of trait anxiety. Reduction in heart rate variability and changes of its spectral structure were suggestive about the dysregulation in the gut-brain axis with reduction of the autonomic activity and predominance of neurohumoral regulation. In summary, our study has provided important information about the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome in children.
Myelodysplastic syndrome during pregnancy
Authors: Medved V. I. , Hrytsai І. М. , Husieva A. Ye.
Published: March 2023

The aim. To highlight such a rare pathology as myelodysplastic syndrome in pregnant women, provide recommendations for treatment, management, and delivery in such patients according to modern literature, and share own experience of successful pregnancy and delivery management in two women with this pathology.
Conclusions. Myelodysplastic syndrome is extremely rare in pregnant women, and the disease is associated with an increased risk of complications for both mother and fetus. The issue of planning and management of pregnancy in patients with this disease should be decided jointly by hematologists and obstetrician-gynecologist after a thorough comprehensive examination clarifying the state of bone marrow hematopoiesis. Pregnancy and delivery should be managed in a highly qualified institution with a multidisciplinary approach and the ability to monitor hemogram, dynamic monitoring of the fetus, adequate and timely supply of blood components.
The use of near-infrared spectroscopy in the acute phase of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in newborns
Authors: Stryzhak L. S. , Anikin I. O.
Published: March 2023

Detection of new markers of renal hypoperfusion in full-term infants during therapeutic cooling in moderate or severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy to prevent the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI).
Aim. To evaluate the significance of using continuous peripheral NIRS monitoring in full-term infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy for early detection of renal hypoperfusion against the background of prophylactic use of methylxanthines.
Materials and methods. A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted from 2019 to 2022 on the basis of the Neonatal Intensive Care Department of the Zaporizhzhia Regional Clinical Children’s Hospital. We included 50 full-term infants who underwent a program of total therapeutic hypothermia for moderate or severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. The infants were divided into 2 groups, each receiving methylxanthine to prevent the progression of AKI. Continuous NIRS monitoring of renal and brain tissues was performed throughout the cooling phase and until the end of the warming period. The relationship between NIRS and the development of AKI, which was determined according to the modified neonatal scale KDIGO (2012) by increasing serum creatinine and decreasing urine output during the first 5 days, was studied.
Results. NIRS monitoring revealed that changes in cerebral CrSO2 were observed somewhat earlier than renal RrSO2, as the kidneys were less susceptible to autoregulation and perfusion changes than the brain. The level of CrSO2 was identical in 2 groups and did not change after the administration of caffeine citrate or theophylline. The average peripheral renal saturation rates were slightly higher than CrSO2 and tended to increase during the observation period due to the development of renal reperfusion after hypoxia. While the level of renal oxygen extraction decreased. The results obtained indicated that the warming period was characterized by normalization of perfusion, increase in regional renal saturation and decrease in renal oxygen excretion. In general, acute kidney injury in stage I developed in 4 (8.00 %) newborns, and stage II – in 1 (2.00 %), which was equivalent in both study groups (P = 0.8009; U = 299.00). Instead, the other children had stage 0 – 45 (90.00 %). None of the neonates had stage III according to KDIGO (2012) and required renal replacement therapy.
Conclusions. The combined use of methylxanthines and the maintenance of optimal postnatal hemodynamics through NIRS diagnostics are vital for the prevention and treatment of acute kidney injury in neonates with moderate or severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
Structural and functional changes of the heart and electrical disorders in patients with coronary artery disease with concomitant anemia
Authors: Konovalova M. O. , Mikhailovskaya N. S.
Published: March 2023

The aim of the study: to investigate the effect of concomitant anemia on the features of cardiac remodeling and electrical disorders in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
Materials and methods. In total, 89 patients with CAD, stable angina II–III FC were examined (men – 34, women – 55, age – 69 (61; 72) years). All patients were divided into 2 groups: the main group (n = 44) consisted of patients with CAD and anemia, the comparison group (n = 45) – patients with CAD without iron-deficiency anemia. The results of echocardioscopy and 24-hour ECG (Holter) monitoring were analyzed.
Results. Left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic and end-systolic volume were higher in the main group by 24.7 % (U = 60.0; P < 0.05) and 25.9 % (U = 53.5, P < 0.05), respectively; end-diastolic and end-systolic left ventricular index also were higher in the main group by 20.2 % (U = 99.5; P < 0.05) and 34.8 % (U = 98.5; P < 0.05), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the types of LV geometry; however, the left ventricular mass index was significantly higher by 12.0 % in patients of the main group (U = 315.5; P < 0.05). The patients of both groups mostly showed diastolic dysfunction type 1, however, in the main group, there was a tendency to increase the number of patients with diastolic dysfunction type 2 and type 3. In patients of the main group, in the active period, there was a decrease in SDNNi by 31.85 % (U = 216; P < 0.05), VLF by 53.79 % (U = 176; P < 0.05); increase in LF by 60.56 % (U = 53; P < 0.05) and SI by 2.14 times (U = 43.5; P < 0.05). The presence of anemia in patients with CAD caused a twofold increase in the risk of autonomic dysfunction (BP = 2.045; 95 % CI 1.084–3.861; P < 0.05), 1.5 times increase in tachycardia episodes (BP = 1.510; 95 % CI 1.047–2.178; P < 0.05) and 2.2 times increase in myocardial ischemia (BP = 2.173; 95 % CI 1.047–4.512; P < 0.05).
Conclusions. Concomitant anemia in patients with coronary artery disease adversely affects the structural and geometric properties of the heart, leads to an overall suppression of heart rate variability, increases the sympathetic tone of the autonomic nervous system in daytime period and the stress index, as well as raises the risk of autonomic dysfunction, tachycardia and myocardial ischemia.
Post-COVID syndrome
Authors: Melnyk V. P. , Panasiuk О. V. , Sadomova-Andrianova H. V. , Zahuta Yu. B. , Antoniuk I. V. , Sliusarchuk I. O. , Melnyk I. V.
Published: March 2023

The aim is to study the frequency and symptoms of post-COVID syndrome in patients with pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2, who were treated in an outpatient setting.
Materials and methods. Personal monitoring results of the health state of 62 patients who suffered pneumonia caused by the SARS-CoV-2 and were treated in the outpatient setting between May 2020 and September 2021 were analyzed. The patients were divided into 3 clinical groups depending on age, concomitant diseases, and extent of the process in the lungs. The examination results were processed on a personal computer using the statistical package Statistica program, version 10.
Results. The prevalence of post-COVID syndrome with the symptoms that characterize it is significantly higher in patients who have not been vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccine, who have suffered pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 of a moderate-to-severe course with the process extent in the lungs from 25 % to 50 %, with its repeated cases, regardless of age and the presence of concomitant pathologies. Prolonged COVID-19 (early post-COVID syndrome) and post-COVID syndrome are main complications of COVID-19 with the most common symptoms such as general fatigue, depression, impaired memory concentration, sleep disorder, myalgia/arthralgia.
Conclusions. Even a mild course of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 is accompanied by post-COVID syndrome, which requires long-term supervision and practice of rehabilitation techniques for such patients. Treatment of pneumonia caused by the SARS-CoV-2 with the moderate-to-severe course in outpatient conditions leads to an increase in the frequency and severity of the post-COVID syndrome course. Vaccination with a vaccine against COVID-19 to prevent the development of a severe course of pneumonia caused by the SARS-CoV-2 remains an urgent issue. Identified dental manifestations (stomatitis, periodontitis, and periodontal disease) should be considered by dentists in the early period of post-COVID syndrome, and dental pathology examination should be continued during the treatment of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 in post-COVID syndrome.
The impact of different angiotensin II receptor blockers on the stiffness of the large arteries and effectiveness of therapy
Authors: Rekovets O. L. , Sirenko Yu. M. , Torbas O. O.
Published: March 2023

In recent years, the method of determining the Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) has been introduced into clinical practice, which can be used to determine changes in the stiffness of the large arteries regardless of changes in blood pressure (BP).
Aim. To compare the effect of 12-month angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) therapy with olmesartan, azilsartan and telmisartan on the large arteries stiffness based on the CAVI determination.
Material and methods. The study included 126 patients (57 men, 69 women) with hypertension, who were selected to compare the effect of ARB drug therapy on the arterial stiffness by CAVI: olmesartan, azilsartan and telmisartan for 12 months. All patients had mild and moderate hypertension. The patients underwent the following examinations: office BP measurement, ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), biochemical blood test, echocardiogram, CAVI, registration of side effects.
Results. The average office systolic BP (SBP) throughout the group was 152.56 ± 1.00 mm Hg, office diastolic BP (DBP) – 94.83 ± 0.58 mm Hg, heart rate (HR) – 72.46 ± 0.80 bpm, 24-hour SBP – 135.60 ± 0.96 mm Hg, 24-hour DBP – 82.41 ± 0.84 mm Hg, 24-hour HR – 71.88 ± 0.89 beats/min., CAVI on the right – 7.89 ± 0.27, CAVI on the left – 8.00 ± 0.31. Office and ambulatory BP indicators were decreased equally in all groups. In the olmesartan group, CAVI was significantly decreased by 7 % on the right (P < 0.05) and 5 % on the left (P < 0.05). In the telmisartan group, CAVI was decreased by 6 % on the right (P < 0.05) and 5 % on the left (P < 0.05). In the azilsartan group, CAVI was significantly decreased by 5 % both on the right (P < 0.05) and left (P < 0.05).
Conclusions. Long-term antihypertensive therapy with three different AT II receptor blockers, olmesartan, azilsartan, and telmisartan has helped to reduce stiffness of the large arteries according to CAVI by 5–7 % from the initial level.
A method for the biological age of the heart determination
Authors: Bodretska L. A. , Shapovalenko I. S. , Pisaruk A. V. , Antoniuk-Shchehlova I. A. , Bondarenko O. V. , Naskalova S. S. , Shatylo V. B.
Published: March 2023

Determination of the human heart biological age (BA) is relevant for timely stratification of the risk of developing diseases, prevention, control of individual aging rate and geroprotective therapy.
Aim. To study age-related changes in echocardiographic examination of the heart and to develop a formula for estimating the BA of the human heart.
Materials and methods. Echocardiographic examinations of the heart were performed in 188 practically healthy people aged 30 to 79 years (73 men and 115 women), who signed an informed consent and had no clinically significant diseases in the anamnesis or at the moment. The examined were divided into age groups: I (n = 25) – 30–39 years, II (n = 40) – 40–49 years, III (n = 38) – 50–59 years, IV (n = 46) – 60–69 years, V (n = 39) – 70–79 years old. Echocardiography with Doppler in continuous-wave, pulse modes and colour mapping of flow and tissue was performed on a device Xario SSA-660A (Toshiba, Japan), sensor – PST-30BT 3.0 MHz. The state of systolic and diastolic function of the ventricles of the heart was assessed, myocardial stiffness indicators were calculated. To obtain BA formula, the calculation of the multiple linear regression equation was used based on significant features.
Results. Significant increase in atrial size with age, development of diastolic dysfunction, increase in left and right ventricular myocardial infarction were found. Based on the data of the study by the method of step-by-step multiple linear regression, a formula for estimating the biological age of the human heart was obtained. The multiple correlation coefficient was a fairly high value of R = 0.847, the adjusted coefficient of determination R2 = 0.701 (F = 43.496, P ˂ 0.00001). The mean absolute error of age calculation (M ± σ) was 5.55 ± 4.24 years. The proposed formula for determining the biological age of the heart can be used for early diagnosis of accelerated aging.
Conclusions. An increase in the size of the atria, the development of concentric hypertrophy of the left atrium and diastolic dysfunction, and an increase in the myocardial stiffness of the left and right ventricles of the heart, which occur with age in practically healthy people, were revealed. A formula for determining the BA of the heart with good model quality was developed using the multiple linear regression method taking into account age-related changes in the echocardiographic parameters.
Modern aspects of comorbidity of urological disease and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Hubar A. O. , Bilai A. I. , Bilai I. M.
Published: March 2023

Urinary stone disease (USD) is one of the most common urological diseases occurring mainly in people of working age. USD is associated with metabolic disorders, the causes of which include endogenous and exogenous factors. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a “non-infectious epidemic” that manifests itself in diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and obesity. The bidirectionality of metabolic processes is an important factor of USD and MS.
Aim. The paper aims at reviewing modern literary sources regarding the determination of pathogenetic links between the comorbidity of USD and MS.
Results. Nephrolithiasis spreads and recurs simultaneously with obesity. A decrease in urine pH, which is the basis for the formation of urate stones, is associated with the presence of obesity, insulin resistance, and MS. Under such conditions, urine alkalinization is the main treatment for urolithiasis. The risk of stone formation increases when the body mass index is more than 30 kg/m2.
Among patients with insulin resistance, nephrolithiasis is more severe, and kidney stones occur more often. The relationship between the hypertensive component of MS and USD has been established. Disorders of lipid metabolism have a negative prognosis, causing physicochemical aberrations in urine and the development of nephrolithiasis. Hyperuricemia is related to both the ability of insulin to reduce uric acid clearance in the proximal renal tubules and insulin resistance.
The link between USD and chronic inflammation is based on an increase in the endogenous synthesis of oxalates from endogenous glycogenic amino acids, which leads to the development of hyperoxaluria in patients with MS. Clinical studies show the formation of kidney stones in conditions of oxidative stress, an association between stone formation and the development of MS, coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension, which is the result of common pathogenetic characteristics.
Conclusions. The comorbidity of USD and MS is a systemic disorder. Kidney stone formation is associated with a decrease in urine pH against the background of MS. Hyperuricemia is comorbid with insulin resistance, dyslipoproteinemia, arterial hypertension, and abdominal obesity. Systemic chronic inflammation, comorbid with obesity and USD, based on an increase in the endogenous synthesis of oxalates from endogenous glycogenic amino acids. Oxidative stress has a common pathogenetic link between stone formation and insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and obesity.
Personality changes in patients with schizoaffective disorder (a review)
Authors: Chuhunov V. V. , Khomitskyi M. Ye. , Pidlubnyi V. L.
Published: March 2023

The aim of the work is to study the world experience and views on the clinic and systematics of non-psychotic manifestations in schizoaffective disorder (SAD) by analyzing modern scientific literary sources.
The relevance of study on SAD is determined by the significant prevalence in the population (0.2–0.6 %) and negative socio-economic consequences of the disease. Significant problems in SAD are family and work maladjustment, suicidality and states of psychoactive substance use comorbidity.
The nosological independence of the disease was put into question and it was reflected in diagnostic approaches and classifications. In the clinical practice, SAD is considered independently and as a variant of schizophrenia or affective disorders. Diagnostics and prognostic criteria regarding personality changes in SAD are still at the stage of determining.
Conclusions. Understanding of definitions “prognosis”, “outcome”, and “maladjustment” in SAD is not unified. Signs of SAD in remission and intermission is the most recent aspect of the SAD clinic, which dictates the need to assess personality changes and the level of social adaptation and functioning.
Gender, age and morphofunctional characteristics of the quality of life of patients with stable angina
Authors: Tashchuk V. K. , Amelina T. М. , Ivanchuk P. R. , Ivanchuk M. A.
Published: March 2023

Aim of the work is to investigate the quality of life (QoL) of patients with stable angina pectoris (SA) depending on gender, age distribution and severity of angina pectoris.
Materials and methods. 78 patients with an objective diagnosis of functional classes (FC) II–III SA were examined, who formed two clinical groups: the 1st – patients with an increase in QoL (57.69 % of cases), the 2nd – patients with the absence of any changes in QoL (42.31 % of cases). All patients underwent clinical, laboratory, instrumental examinations and determination of QoL using the SF-36 questionnaire.
Results. The study of the QoL in men revealed that the mental component (MHC) of health was significantly higher due to such indicators as vitality (VT) (P < 0.001), mental health (MH) (P < 0.001), social functioning (SF) (Р = 0.028), general health status (GHS) (Р < 0.001). Younger age was characterized by a higher physical component of health (PHC) due to significantly higher indicators such as physical functioning (PF) and role-based physical functioning (RBPF) (in both cases P < 0.001). In the subgroup of younger women, the PHC was higher due to significantly higher levels of PF and RBPF (P = 0.048 and P = 0.011, respectively), that could be compared with the indicators of younger men, where the PHC was also higher due to GHS (Р = 0.009), RBPF (P = 0.028) and PF (P = 0.050). In men of younger age, the indicator of VT was significantly higher (Р = 0.031).
Patients with higher FC of SA were expected to have a significant limitation of QoL in the form of a lower PHC (GHS (P = 0.023), PF (P < 0.001), RBPF (P < 0.001) and pain intensity (PI) (P < 0.001)). With the progression of heart failure (HF), GHS (P = 0.003), PF (P < 0.001), RBPF (P < 0.001) and PI (P < 0.001) significantly worsened. It was confirmed that the increase of QoL did not depend on gender (women P = 0.204, men P = 0.226) and age (P = 0.143). The presence of excess body weight was characterized by limitation of physical (significantly lower indicators of PF (P = 0.010) and PI (P = 0.008)) and mental (significantly decreased indicator – P = 0.053) health.
Conclusions. Positive dynamics of the quality of life is associated with a lower functional class of stable angina pectoris, lower severity of heart failure, favorable shifts in the lipid spectrum, an increase in the left ventricular ejection fraction and the threshold load of cycle ergometry. The physical component of health is decisive in the quality of life of patients with stable angina pectoris.