bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transfer of Learning Outcomes from an English-for-Specific-Academic-Writing Course to Subject-Specific Courses
Authors: Kassab Kalthoum
Published: July 2021

This study investigated the transfer of ten learning outcomes from an ESAP writing course to subject-specific courses. It was a longitudinal study carried over one academic year. It followed 40 undergraduate students of English under normal classroom conditions. A mixed-methods approach was used. It included analysis of students’ written exams from four subjects, student semi-structured interviews, and a student questionnaire. Elements from Barnett and Ceci’s (2002) transfer taxonomy were also used. They helped classify the targeted learning outcomes in terms of specificity/generality and helped distinguish between near and far transfer contexts. Results showed that the transfer of the ten learning outcomes to the near and far transfer contexts was affected by the specificity/generality of the learned skill in the first place. The learning outcomes that were classified as specific transferred more easily to both the near and far transfer contexts, while the more complex learning outcomes transferred in a constrained manner. The findings suggest that an ESAP writing course that is informed by teaching for transfer principles offers students a more authentic learning environment to hone their writing skills and to transfer these skills to other contexts. However, this transfer can be a very slow process.
Achieving Sustainable Development Goals by Adopting the Blue-Green Economic Provisions: An Analysis of Opportunities and Challenges of Sri Lanka
Authors: Dissanayake Nipuni , Withanawasam Athula , Sarjoon Athambawa
Published: July 2021

With the introduction of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015 by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Sri Lanka has given priority to the SDGs in its main development agenda and attempting to achieve them by working towards the fulfilment of the basic needs and improving the living standards of the people, progressively alleviating poverty, eliminating all forms of discrimination and inequalities and establishing a society based on social justice and human security. In this regard, Sri Lanka has both prospects and obstacles in the achievement of SDGs. This paper has paid attention to explore the available opportunities and challenges in the journey of achieving SDGs by adopting the Blue-Green economic provisions in Sri Lanka. Additionally, it has also been attempted to present some effective recommendations to overcome those impediments since identifying effective solutions is equally important in finding ways to overcome those impediments. Using the existing secondary literature available in the forms of literary books, journal articles and reports, this study has found that it is a timely requirement of the Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) to adopt the Blue-Green economic provisions to get back the current unsustainable development of Sri Lanka on the right track and achieve the SDGs by 2030.
ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATION IN VEGETABLES DRIED ALONG FUNTUA-DANJA HIGHWAY KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Kankara U. M. , Nasiru Rabiu , Garba Nuraddeen Nasiru , Kankara Jamila Musa , Kankara Umar Musa
Published: June 2021

One of the major routes of heavy metal exposure to humans is via the consumption of vegetable. The study assessed the contribution of automobile emission on the concentration levels of heavy metals in some of commonly consumed vegetables in Katsina state, Nigeria using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). Fresh and dried samples of five (5) commonly consumed vegetables were obtained from Danja-Funtua highway road, 0.5 g of each sample was measured into a clean dried beaker and 10 ml of acidic mixture of HNO3/HClO4 in ratio 2:1 was added to the sample for digestion. The heavy metals concentration in this study ranges from 0.6 – 75.5mg/kg, 0.31 – 1.2mg/kg 278 – 1470mg/kg, 0.4 – 36.3mg/kg and 28 – 65 mg/kg for Pb, Cd, Fe, Ni and Cu respectively. Levels of heavy metals were all found to be above the acceptable limits indicating that inhabitants are at risk of heavy metal contamination
DETERMINATION OF LEAD FROM GOLD ORE USING PROTON INDUCED X-RAY EMISSION TECHNIQUE
Authors: Bello A.
Published: June 2021

The impetus for this research work arose from alleged signs of Lead (Pb) poisoning from Medicines Sans Frontiers (Doctors without Borders).These poisonings were narrowed down to areas of solid minerals mining and extraction in Northern Nigeria. The aim of this research work is to identify mining Sites with ores having high Pb concentration. Fifteen samples were collected from areas located at approximately latitudes 𝟶𝟶70𝟶8.69𝟶ˈE and longitudes 𝟶90 34ˈ224ˈˈN and interrogated using Proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) technique for their elemental content. PIXE was chosen because of its sample nondestructive and it does not contaminate the environment. The result obtained varied between 24.3 – 632303.3 ppm. The world Health Organization recommends that sites with Pb concentration above 400 ppm are inimical to human health and ordered that children be evacuated from such areas. Exposure to Pb poisoning may cause anemia, weakness, and Kidney and brain damage; particularly in children.
Pengaruh Teknik Pengendalian Gulma dan Frekuensi Aplikasi Insektisida terhadap Kelimpahan Populasi dan Intensitas Serangan Hama Utama pada Tanaman Lada (Piper nigrum L.)
Authors: Apriyadi Rion , Lestari Tri
Published: June 2021

Pengendalian penggerek batang lada Lophobaris piperis Marsh (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) dan penghisap buah lada Dasynus piperis China (Hemiptera: Coreidae) dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik aplikasi insektisida dan pengendalian secara kultur teknis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik frekuensi aplikasi insektisida kimia dan teknik pengendalian gulma terhadap kelimpahan dan intensitas kerusakan yang diakibatkan oleh hama Lophobaris piperis Marsh and Dasynus piperis China pada tanaman lada. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun petani lokal dengan kriteria kebun yang dipilih berupa kombinasi antara teknik pengendalian gulma dengan metode penyiangan, herbisida dan tanaman penutup Arachis pintoi Krap. & Greg.  serta frekuensi aplikasi insektisida sebanyak 2 kali dan 4 kali setahun. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa kelimpahan hama tertinggi terdapat pada kebun lada yang menerapkan teknik pengendalian gulma menggunakan penyiangan dan aplikasi herbisida yang dikombinasikan dengan aplikasi insektisida sebanyak 4 kali setahun. Intensitas kerusakan mutlak dan intensitas kerusakan relatif tertinggi ditemukan pada kebun lada dengan aplikasi insektisida sebanyak 2 kali setahun. Intensitas kerusakan cenderung menurun pada kebun lada yang menerapkan teknik pengendalian gulma menggunakan tanaman A. pintoi.
Konstrukcja komunikatu storytellingowego a skuteczna opowieść marki na przykładzie kampanii "Never Alone" firmy Guinness
Authors: Kania Dominik
Published: June 2021

Storytelling to narzędzie, po które marki w swojej komunikacji z odbiorcami sięgają coraz częściej. Analizując opowieści proponowane przez największe brandy, można dostrzec, że powtarzają się w nich pewne elementy, i na tej podstawie określić konstrukcję komunikatu storytellingowego. Celem niniejszej pracy jest wyznaczenie punktów stałych opowieści, określenie ich wpływu na skuteczność kampanii storytellingowej, a następnie odnalezienie ich w kampanii „Never Alone” firmy Guinness i ewaluacja wykorzystanego w niej komunikatu. Koncepcja: realizacji tego celu posłuży przywołanie przykładów komunikatów, z których czerpać można inspiracje do budowy treści storytellingowych, a także badanie mające stwierdzić skalę zmian wywołanych przez opowieść przedstawioną według przyjętych założeń. Wnioski: omawiana w niniejszej pracy konstrukcja komunikatu storytellingowego pojawia się w licznych produkcjach uznawanych za przykładowe w swojej dziedzinie, także w kampanii „Never Alone”. Przeprowadzone badanie dowiodło, że cele tej kampanii, postawione przed nią przez nadawcę, zostały zrealizowane w pewnym zakresie. Wartość poznawcza: zestawiając praktyczne przykłady storytellingu z tezami naukowymi, można ocenić efektywność konstrukcji komunikatu storytellingowego w kontekście ewaluacji samego komunikatu. Ponadto można określić założenia, których przyjęcie zwiększy prawdopodobieństwo skuteczności przygotowywanych opowiadań. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują na ciekawą rozbieżność pomiędzy odbiorem komunikatu a jego przełożeniem na konkretne zachowania adresatów. Zestawiając wyniki badań z danymi rynkowymi, można wyselekcjonować grupę zmiennych, bez których nawet najlepiej skonstruowana opowieść storytellingowa nie odniesie sukcesu biznesowego.
Co mówią obrazy? Wizualne metafory kryzysu
Authors: Stasiuk-Krajewska Karina
Published: June 2021

Cel: rekonstrukcja wizualnego dyskursu kategorii kryzysu, zarządzania kryzysowego i komunikacji kryzysowej w kontekście pola dyskursywnego modernizmu. Metody badań: analiza semiotyczna, multimodalna analiza dyskursu. Wyniki i wnioski: zrekonstruowane podstawowe semantyki dyskursu kryzysu (zagrożenie, niepewność, katastrofa, bezradność, odczłowieczenie), zarządzania kryzysowego (kontrola, proces, wiedza, panowanie nad rzeczywistością) oraz komunikacji kryzysowej (człowiek, interakcja, chaos, spontaniczność). Kryzys ujmowany jest zatem dyskursywnie w opozycji do dominujących semantyk modernizmu, z kolei zarządzanie kryzysowe w pełni z tymi semantykami koreluje. Komunikacja kryzysowa aktualizuje zarówno elementy obecne w polu dyskursywnym modernizmu, jak i takie, które są wobec niego opozycyjne. Oryginalność/wartość poznawcza: prezentowany tekst jest z jednej strony przykładem zastosowania multimodalnej analizy dyskursu oraz metod semiotycznych do komunikacji wizualnej, z drugiej – zawiera istotne wyjaśnienia i sugestie dotyczące praktycznych aspektów komunikowania (także przez specjalistów) takich kategorii jak kryzys, zarządzanie kryzysowe oraz komunikacja kryzysowa.
Lithuania's Demarcation of Information from Poland's Solidarity Movement in 1980-1981
Authors: Vaišnys Andrius
Published: June 2021

The aim of the article: Despite the fact that everything we know in Polish history about the emergence of Solidarity [Polish: Solidarność], Polish trade unions, in 1980-1981, and the conflict with the communist totalitarian regime is described in sources as ‘the Polish Crisis’, the question remains open about the contemporaneous deepening communication crisis of the communist government in Lithuania, whose history had long – until the middle of the 20th century – been very closely linked to the development of Poland. From 1951 to 1989, Lithuania was separated from Poland by a double barbed-wire Soviet border barrier without any border crossing points. Nevertheless, the author proposes delving into what type of information control measures the Soviet regime used in influencing the Lithuanian people by undermining their interest in the workers’ strikes and the expanding trade union movement in Poland 40 years ago, trying to set Lithuanians against Polish society, and also how the media in the West helped renew the dialogue between Lithuanian and Polish diaspora organisations. Research methods: The author performed a content analysis of KGB documents in the Lithuanian Special Archives and examined the content of the Lithuanian SSR mass media and the mass media of the Lithuanian diaspora in the United States. Results  and  conclusions: The Soviet concept of security that was implemented by the repressive structure of the KGB was largely associated with the restriction of information, censorship and self-censorship of the population. However, it was also associated with the recruitment of Lithuanian citizens into ongoing cooperation with the secret service to collect data about Polish people who were ‘disloyal’ to the regime and transfer information to the security service of communist Poland, so the content of these reports must be disclosed. Cognitive value: Thus, the article provides the broader context, in which the content of the propaganda press is only one element of the system that controlled the public space.
PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PRODUK ELPIJI PSO (Public Service Obligation) DENGAN IMPLEMENTASI STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL
Authors: Arif Donny , Yucha Nikma
Published: June 2021

Domestic Gas Region V is division of the company PT Pertamina Persero which is engaged in providing domestic LPG, especially in the field distribution of PSO and non PSO LPG. Domestic Gas supply LPG through SPPBE (Station for Filling and Transporting LPG Bulk) to agents to direct consumers. Especially for the PSO LPG with a weight 3kg is product of government subsidies with large scale production, it is necessary equalization of good quality for use by the middle to lower class society. In ptactices, many consumers feel that there are several differences between products one another, especially the difference in the weight of the filled tube and the diameter of the valve that is not the same, so ut is difficult to install with the stove regulator and can cause gas leakage which in turn caused a fire. Implementation of statistical process control is carried out to measure the quality of LPG PSO so that it is expected to be able to maintain and improve the quality of PSO LPG products. Statistical process control is done because it exists differences in quality dispersion with the same product this needs to be done to meet the wants and needs of consumers and increase customer satisfaction. This research was conducted to measure the effectiveness/success in controlling and supervision of product quality by implementing statistical process control, the first is to measure the description of the quality of LPG products, the second is to measure how consumer satisfaction with LPG products. The results obtained show that statistical process control analysis illustrates that the performance criteria set by the holding company of PT Pertamina has been very good seen from the P-Chart control which produces the value “P” is in the lower limit of the lower control limit.
Hubungan Pengetahuan tentang COVID-19 terhadap Kepatuhan Physical Distancing pada Mahasiswa Tingkat 4 FK UPNVJ
Authors: Permatasari Indah , Susantiningsih Tiwuk , Wahyuningsih Sri
Published: June 2021

Latar Belakang: Indonesia memiliki prevalensi COVID-19 yang cukup tinggi akibat rendahnya kepatuhan physical distancing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan tentang COVID-19 terhadap kepatuhan physical distancing pada mahasiswa tingkat 4 FK UPNVJ tahun 2020.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel diambil secara simple random sampling.

Hasil: Analisis univariat memperlihatkan 67 responden (55.8%) memiliki pengetahuan tentang COVID-19 yang baik dan 70 responden (58.3%) memiliki kepatuhan physical distancing yang baik. Uji chi square menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara tingkat pengetahuan tentang COVID-19 dengan kepatuhan physical distancing pada mahasiswa tingkat 4 FK UPNVJ tahun 2020 (p = 0.203).

Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara tingkat pengetahuan tentang COVID-19 dengan kepatuhan physical distancing pada mahasiswa tingkat 4 FK UPNVJ tahun 2020.
Penggunaan Laser CO2 Pada Penderita Kondiloma Akuminata Perianal dan HIV
Authors: Arif Sitti Musafirah , Makmur Andi Amal A , Leman Yanti
Published: June 2021

Latar Belakang: Kondiloma Akuminata (KA) atau venereal warts adalah infeksi menular seksual (IMS) disebabkan oleh Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) berbentuk papilomatosis, permukaan verukosa mengenai kulit dan mukosa. Lesi terdapat didaerah kelamin dan atau anus. Infeksi oleh HPV adalah IMS paling umum di seluruh dunia, mengenai 9 hingga 13 persen dari populasi umum yang terinfeksi. Di Indonesia, angka kejadian KA bervariasi, tetapi lebih banyak menunjukkan KA sebagai angka paling tinggi diantara IMS lain.  Infeksi Menular Seksual dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya penyebaran infeksi oleh HIV, dan infeksi HIV juga memungkinkan  peningkatan prevalensi terjadinya IMS. Infeksi HIV menjadi faktor resiko terjadinya penularan KA. Faktor risiko lain termasuk riwayat kontak seksual berganti pasangan, kontak seksual dengan sesama jenis, dan infeksi menular seksual lainnya.

Hasil: Dilaporkan pasien laki-laki 39 tahun, pekerja swasta, belum menikah, dengan keluhan benjolan kecil diperianal, kadang gatal, dialami sebulan sebelumnya. Pasien terkonfirmasi HIV dan mengkonsumsi obat Anti Retro Viral (ARV) 3 bulan sebelumnya. Pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan papul dan nodul, permukaan verukosa, batas tegas, konsistensi padat. Uji acetowhite menunjukan hasil positif. Pernah dilakukan terapi tinktura podofillin, tetapi tidak memberikan perbaikan. Dilakukan terapi bedah laser CO2 dan didapatkan respons yang baik.

Kesimpulan: Salah satu modalitas terapi yang aman dan memberikan respon perbaikan cepat bagi penderita KA dan HIV adalah dengan laser CO2
Drauma-Jói, rannsókn 3. Fyrsta dulsálarfræði rannsóknin á Íslandi könnuð og lykkju við hana bætt
Authors: Bjarnason Bjarni
Published: July 2021

Í greininni er sagt frá fyrstu dularsálfræðirannsókninni á Íslandi. Hana framkvæmdi Ágúst H. Bjarnason sumarið 1914 á Vopnafirði þegar hann rannsakaði meinta fjarskyggnigáfu Jóhannesar Jónssonar frá Ásseli, sem ævinlega var kallaður Drauma-Jói. Skoðað er hvernig Ágúst kemst að því hvort ákveðnar sögur um eiginleika Drauma-Jóa eru sannar eða ósannar. Sagt er frá eldri rannsókn á Drauma-Jóa, og saga hans rakin í stærra samhengi til efri ára hans á Þórshöfn á Langanesi. Bréfaskrif Drauma-Jóa til Ágústs 22 árum eftir tilraunina eru skoðuð. Athugað er hvort heimildir leyfi að frekari ályktanir en komu fram í rannsóknum á Drauma-Jóa séu dregnar um hann og meinta fjarskyggnigáfu hans.
REABILITAR EM CASA COM O HOSPITAL +PERTO
Authors: Araújo Tiago , Rodrigues Elsa , Novo André , Moreira Joaquim , Ribeiro Nunes José
Published: June 2021

Introdução: Acompanhando o aumento do número de artroplastias totais do joelho e a exponencial utilização das novas tecnologias, por parte da população em geral, apresenta-se o desenvolvimento de uma solução tecnológica, via APP, que permite melhorar o conhecimento, aumentar a literacia em saúde, possibilitar uma adequada capacitação pré-operatória e recuperação pós-operatória.
Método: Construção de um programa de reabilitação digital, acompanhado de canal comunicacional e monitorização para pessoas submetidas a artroplastia total do joelho desde o pré-operatório até às primeiras seis semanas do pós-operatório.
Resultados esperados: Uma eficaz preparação pré-operatória e consciencialização da real recuperação, funcionalidade e expectativas pós-operatórias, através de recomendações, estratégias e técnicas, fornecidas ao longo do programa. Acompanhar o desempenho e receber feedback à medida que a aplicação é usada pelos participantes através das suas respostas a questionários e formulários. A identificação precoce de sinais e sintomas, permitirá a atempada deteção e monitorização de complicações pós-operatórias com o objetivo de diminuir a taxa de infeções e reinternamentos.
Conclusão: Os cuidados de saúde aliados à tecnologia, permitem reduzir as barreiras geográficas, aproximar a saúde das populações e desta forma prepará-las para uma proveitosa transição no processo saúde/doença.
ENFERMAGEM DE REABILITAÇÃO EM TRANSPLANTE CARDÍACO (ERTXC) – APRESENTAÇÃO DE PROJETO DE INTERVENÇÃO
Authors: Loureiro Maria , Costa Marta , Sola Emília , Coutinho Gonçalo , Martins Maria Manuela , Novo André
Published: June 2021

Introdução: A Reabilitação Cardíaca (RC) é uma intervenção multifactorial, geralmente composta por exercício físico estruturado, apoio psicológico e educação para a saúde. A estruturação nas diferentes fases de RC para esta população específica não está profundamente estudada, existindo lacunas na evidência científica relativamente aos ganhos em saúde decorrentes de programas de RC. A literatura relativa ao cuidador/família é também escassa. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar em que domínios é que os enfermeiros especialistas de reabilitação poderão intervir de forma a desenvolver ganhos em saúde de pessoas transplantadas cardíacas e seu cuidador/família. Método: Para a operacionalização desta intervenção será utilizado o The Quality Health Outcomes Model, de Doran, na componente de resultados sensíveis aos cuidados de enfermagem. Serão efetuados de forma concorrente 2 estudos, um direcionado à reabilitação cardíaca da pessoa transplantada (fases 1, 2 e 3) e outro com enfoque na reabilitação cardíaca do cuidador/família. As metodologias utilizadas serão a scoping review, o relato de caso, o estudo exploratório e o estudo clínico randomizado (com grupo de intervenção e grupo de controlo). Discussão/Resultados Esperados: Será construído e implementado o programa Enfermagem de Reabilitação em Transplante Cardíaco (ERtxC), nas suas diferentes fases, durante os anos de 2021 e 2022. Estima-se que o programa possa ser acedido por 150 pessoas transplantadas cardíacas e respetivas famílias/cuidador. Conclusão: No final do ano de 2022 estima-se ter chegado ao final deste programa, com respetiva avaliação dos ganhos em saúde. Após validação deste programa, tentar-se-á criar em definitivo esta oferta de forma sistemática para todas pessoas submetidas a transplante cardíaco, em Portugal.
Lipoid proteinosis
Authors: AN İsa , AKSOY Mustafa , ÖZTÜRK Murat , AYHAN Erhan
Published: June 2021

Lipoid proteinosis (LP) is a rare autosomal recessive genodermatosis characterized by the accumulation of an amorphous hyaline material in various regions of the body, including skin, mucous membranes, brain, internal organs. LP is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) found on chromosome 1q21. Although this disease is rare, it is more reported in areas where consanguineous marriages are common. During the infancy, it begins with hoarseness due to laryngeal infiltration. Gradually, skin and mucous changes become clinically evident. The affected individuals have a normal survey unless laryngeal obstruction develops. A multidisciplinary approach is recommended for monitoring these patients.
Informing the increasing production of the health workforce in Bangladesh: evidence from a mapping exercise of health professional education institutions
Authors: Md Nuruzzaman - , Zapata Tomas , Rahman Md Masudur
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the trend of production (2007-2016) and associated factors of seven health professionals i.e. physicians, dentists, diploma nurses, bachelor nurses, midwives, medical assistants and medical technologists in Bangladesh. The study team adopted a mapping approach to geographically locate all the health professional education institutions recognized by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW). This was supported by a mixed-method design combining qualitative (e.g. group discussions and key informant interviews) and quantitative (questionnaire survey) methods. From 2007 to 2016, a total of 107,406 students graduated from all seven professional categories. Out of the total, about 40% belonged to the MBBS physician, 6% dentists, 15% medical assistants, 18% medical technologists, 21% nurses, and only 1% to the midwives. So, a skill-mix imbalance exists at the production level. Though the production had been on rising last 10 years, the production of the physicians was higher than any other professional categories. Feminization of the workforce is prominent as there was an average 14% increase of the female doctors than the male. The increasing production of health professionals needs to be supported by proper planning and policy interventions in order to avoid distortion of skill mix. Growing feminization of the workforce is also another area that requires special attention on the development of gender-sensitive employment conditions.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.12(2) July 2021: 30-46
Remedial Effects of Homeopathic Medicine in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media-Related Complications
Authors: Ahsan Nazmul , Sumit Ahmed Faisal , Bari Latiful , Akhand Anwarul Azim
Published: June 2021

Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is characterized by persistent otorrhoea from the middle ear through a perforated tympanic membrane. It is regarded as one of the most important causes of hearing impairment in developing countries. In many cases, treating CSOM with antibiotics generates fears of resistance. Unlike conventional antibiotics, homeopathic remedies are mostly free from side effects. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the effects of homeopathic medicines to treat CSOM patients. A total of 90 subjects were included in this study; among them, 60 were suffering from CSOM, and 30 were healthy controls. The CSOM patients were randomly assigned for the daily administration of homeopathic medicines such as tellurium metallicum in 6C potency (n=17), mercurius solubilis in 200C potency (n=13), and calcarea sulphurica in 30C potency (n=10) for 8 weeks. Ear suppuration was prevented in all of the patients treated with the medicines. More than 50% of the patients’ tympanic membrane perforation were healed by tellurium metallicum and calcarea sulphurica, however, no membrane healing was observed by mercuris solubilis. It was next examined whether the patients underwent hearing impairment compared to healthy control subjects. The average hearing thresholds of the control subjects (n=30) at 1, 4, 8, and 12 kHz frequencies were 13.55 ± 1.57, 15.58 ± 1.12, 27.58 ± 2.00, and 32.57 ± 2.45 dB SPL, respectively. When the average hearing thresholds of the CSOM patients (n=40) were measured at all of the above frequencies, the values became 30.25 ± 1.75, 36.80 ± 3.25, 50.75 ± 2.35, and 59.50 ± 2.96 dB SPL, respectively. This result indicated the loss of hearing in CSOM patients as the average hearing thresholds of the patients were significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of the control subjects. Treatment for 8 weeks with all three homeopathic medicines significantly reduced (p<0.05) hearing thresholds of the patients at all the frequencies. This result demonstrated dramatic improvement in patients’ hearing by the homeopathic medicines. This study, therefore, provides conclusive evidence that homeopathic medicines prevent ear suppuration in CSOM patients as well as heal perforated membrane, and improve hearing.

Bioresearch Commu. 7(2): 982-989, 2021 (June)
The aftermath of prolonged academic institutions’ closure: time to reopen safely
Authors: Roy Anjan Kumar , Mou Sadia Islam , Kabir Humayun , Hasan Md Kamrul
Published: June 2021

To minimize the outspread of COVID-19, the government announced the closure of all educational institutions on March 18, 2020, and it has continued since then. This extended break from educational institutes has affected the lives of students profoundly. Though face-to-face classes have been replaced by online classes, the effectiveness of the online learning system is impeded by poor technological infrastructure and stable internet access. Besides, important exams like board exams, university admission exams, and university semester exams have been suspended during this period resulting in session jam. Numerous students are also going through learning loss. Apart from academic loss, there have been reported augmented cases of child marriage, child labor, child abuse, malnutrition, and online abuse due to the extended shutdown. This protracted closure has also impacted students’ mental health, physical activity, and behavioral changes. Hence, there have been increased incidences of depression, mental disorders, and suicides. Considering all these aspects, now both parents and students intend to recommence the in-person classes supporting the reopening of all institutes.

Bioresearch Commu. 7(2): 1038-1041, 2021 (June)
COVID-19: Is It Rare in Neonate?
Authors: Rahman Maksudur , Jahan Nishat , Saha Liton Chandra , Ghosh Kinkar , Chowdhury Kanta , Hoque Md Mahbubul , Hossain M Monir , Shirin Mahfuza , Chowdhury MAK Azad
Published: June 2021

Background: The Global pandemic COVID-19 affects mainly adult population with serious devastating effects in some of them, particularly those with chronic comorbidities. It is less common in children and rare in neonates.

Objectives: The aim of study was to identify the COVID-19 in neonates so that we can give proper emphasis on neonatal COVID-19.

Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted from April 2020 to August 2020 at Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital in Bangladesh. Neonates with suspected COVID- 19 were tested for SARS-CoV-2 virus by RT- PCR and positive cases were included in the study. Data were collected and statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 26.

Results: Out of 1714 admitted neonates, 32 (2%) cases were COVID-19 positive. Male were 21(67%) and female were 11 (33%). Majority of the cases (28,88%) were at term. Twelve (38%) cases were from Dhaka and 20 (62%) cases came from outside Dhaka. Only 4(13%) cases were found positive for SARS-CoV-2 virus by RT- PCR within 3 days, among them 2 (6%) cases were within 24 hours of age. Nine cases (28%) were RT-PCR test positive within 4-7 days and 19 cases (59%) were RT-PCR positive within 8-28 days. Most of the cases belonged to neonatal medicine (24,75%) and 8(25%) cases were associated with surgical diseases. Sepsis was present in 17(53%) cases, perinatal asphyxia in 8(25%) and pneumonia in 6(19%) cases. Fourteen cases were discharged after improvement, 12 were referred to COVID-19 designated hospital, 2 cases were transferred to corona unit and 4 cases died.

Conclusion: In this study a good number of neonates were affected with COVID-19. Perinatal asphyxia, sepsis and pneumonia were common association with COVID-19. So for proper management and prevention of transmission of this disease, it should be properly addressed in neonates.

DS (Child) H J 2020; 36(2): 101-106
Acid-base and Electrolyte Disturbances in Children Presenting with Acute Watery Diarrhoea in Emergency Observation and Referral Unit of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital
Authors: Tayab Md Abu , Hoq Md Ariful
Published: June 2021

Background: Acute watery diarrhoea (AWD) is a leading cause of illness and death amongst children in developing countries. Electrolyte and acid-base disturbances play an important role in the associated morbidity and mortality.

Objectives: To observe the acid-base and electrolyte changes in moderate and severe dehydration in AWD in children.

Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Observation and Referral Unit of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital from July 2018 to December 2018. Children below five years of age who came with acute diarrhoea with moderate to severe dehydration were included in the study. After admission 2ml of whole blood was collected with all aseptic measures at the time of insertion of intravenous cannula before giving intravenous fluids to measure serum levels of Na and K while arterial blood was also taken for analysis. The data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20.

Results: Total 125 AWD cases were admitted among them 98(78.4%) had moderate dehydration whereas 27(21.6%) had severe dehydration. Hyponatremic dehydration was present in 41(32.8%) cases. Among them 30(30.6%) had moderate dedydration and 11(40.4%) had severe dehydration, hypernatremic dehydration was present in 11.11% cases, hypokalemia was present in 54(43.2%) cases. Among them 42(42.86%) had moderate dedydration and 12(44.44%) had severe dehydration. Metabolic acidosis was present in 38(30.4%) cases [28(28.57%) in moderate dedydration and 10(37.04%) in severe dehydration]. The comparison of mean serum sodium and potassium value of the children with moderate and severe degrees of dehydration did not attain statistical significance, but there was a significant difference in bicarbonate concentration among moderate and severe dehydration cases (p=0.02).

Conclusion: Hyponatremia and hypokalamia was the commonest electrolyte abnormality among moderate to severe dehydration with AWD. Mean serum sodium and potassium of the children with moderate and severe degrees of dehydration did not attain statistical significance, but bicarbonate concentration was significantly low among severe dehydration cases.

DS (Child) H J 2020; 36(2): 120-124
Fertility Outcome of Surgical Recanalization of Vas Deferens in Individuals with Non Scalpel Vasectomy (NSV)
Authors: Roy Hriday Ranjan , Islam Nabiul , Islam SM Saidul
Published: June 2021

Background: Non Scalpel Vasectomy (NSV) is being widely used by Family Planning Sector of Bangladesh for male sterilization. But when young persons with NSV needs reversal of the procedure (recanalization), they become frustrated hugely affecting the family harmony.

Aims and Objectives: To see the efficacy of recanalization of Vas Deferens of Non Scalpel Vasectomy (NSV) Individuals. To establish confidence on national NSV program by assuring the scope of future reversal if needed.

Materials and methods: During the period of January 2017 to November 2019, we have analyzed the outcome of recanalization surgery of all cases of NSV individual which were referred to our urology team at Rangpur of Bangladesh. We excised the involved segment of Vas Deferens and stented it internally by No-1 prolene (Ethicon). Then end-to-end anastomoses were done by 7/0 vicryl (Ethicon). We collected articles from Hinari, Pubmed and Banglajol with extensive searches. We have compared our findings to the previously published articles.

Result- We found 91.9% success rate in this study with positive semen production. Pregnancies were achieved in wives of 72.9% of recanalized individuals. The most common causes of unsuccessful recanalizations are more than 7 years of NSV, knot in close proximity to epididymis, two or more knots and cord like Vas Deferens. One patient had significant hematoma leading to a failed outcome, otherwise there was no mentionable complication in this series.

Conclusion- Recanalization of Vas Deferens of NSV individuals can be done with high success rate and other centers of Bangladesh may take steps for further evaluation.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2021; 39(3): 167-170
Knowledge of Nurses Regarding Essential Newborn Care in Special Care Neonatal Units (SCANU) of Different Hospitals of Chattogram, Bangladesh
Authors: Sharmin Tasnuva , Chowdhury Pranab Kumar , Khan Tafazzal Hossain , Hoque Md Obidul
Published: June 2021

Background: The advancements in intensive care in recent decades have enabled better survival of newborn. Knowledge of essential newborn care is important for the survival, growth, and development of a newborn. In spite of its essentiality, most health-care professionals do not know and follow the World Health Organization recommendation.

Aim and objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of nurses regarding essential newborn Care in Special Care Neonatal Units (SCANU).

Materials and methods: This observational study was conducted among the nurses working in SCANU of Chattogram Medical College and Hospital, Chattogram Maa- O- Shishu Hospital and Bangabandu memorial hospital of University of Science and Technology, Chattogram (USTC) for 6 months. Purposive sampling technique were applied for selecting the sample. A structured data sheet was predesigned to collect data. Knowledge regarding Essential Newborn Care among the nurses graded as satisfactory or not satisfactory.

Results: In this study it was observed that 69.0% nurses had completed diploma in nursing and midwife education, B. Sc in nursing 11.0%, diploma in nursing 7.0%. 56.0% nurses attended special courses/training in neonatology. 94.75% of the nurses had satisfactory knowledge regarding essential newborn care. 58.0% of nurses washed their hands with disinfectant solution before handling the baby, 99.0% mentioned that the baby must be breast feeding within 1st hour of delivery, 92.0% mentioned that baby must be fed 6 months of exclusive breast feed, 91.0% knew how to stabilize body temperature of low birth weight newborn. The knowledge regarding essential newborn care were almost similar with age, gender, religion, marital status, educational level, working place and attending special courses/training in neonatology.

Conclusion: Most of the nurses working in SCANU of both Government and non-government hospitals of Chattogram have good knowledge regarding ENC. This knowledge appeared irrespective of their age, gender, religion, marital status, working place and special courses/training in neonatology.

J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2021; 39(3): 185-192
Outcome of Varus Derotation Osteotomy for Containment of Femoral Head in Advanced Perthes Disease
Authors: Rana Mohammad Masud , Datta Nokul Kumar , Bhuiyan Mohammad Ishaq , Ripon Md Asadullah , Mohammad Salim Abu Zihad
Published: June 2021

Background: Legg-Calve-Perthes (LCP) disease, or idiopathic avascular necrosis of the femoral head occurs during early childhood and is caused by impaired circulation in the femoral head. Varus derotation osteotomy (VDO) was described over half a century ago, and is now a popular method for the operative treatment of Perthes disease.

Objective: To find out the clinical and radiological outcome of varus derotation osteotomy for containment of femoral head in advanced Perthes disease.

Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka from March 2015 to September 2017. Total 20 cases of advanced Perthes disease were enrolled. Pre- and post-operative period were evaluated by interview and clinical examination by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Demographic and clinical information were recorded. All patients had a pre- and post-operative x-rays. We used visual analog scales (VAS) for scoring pain; Wiberg’s central edge angle, epiphyseal extraction index, neck shaft angle and Larson (Iowa) hip score were used to assess the outcome of VDO. Comparison of continuous variables between the two groups was made with Student’s t-tests. Comparison of proportions between Herring groups B and C were made with chi-square tests. p<0.05 was considered as significant. All the data were compiled and sorted properly and the quantitative data were analyzed statistically by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 22.0).

Results: In the present study, mean visual analog scale (VAS) score and epiphyseal extraction index (EEI) were significantly (p<0.001) lower in Herring Group B in comparison to that of Group C, but mean WCEA, NSA and HLS were significantly (p<0.001) higher in Herring Group B in comparison to that of Group C.

Conclusion: Varus osteotomy gives good results in children aged 6–12 years who do not exhibit any femoral head deformity or flattening, especially those with good containment in abduction in advance Perthes disease.

J Enam Med Col 2020; 10(2): 79-85
An Unusual Cause of Efferent Loop Obstruction
Authors: Sarker Ashok Kumar
Published: June 2021

Efferent loop obstruction is a very rare post-gastrectomy obstruction that can occur following Billroth-II or Roux-en-Y reconstruction. Here we report a case who underwent gastrojejunostomy for gastric outlet obstruction 30 years back and now developed efferent loop obstruction due to phytobezoar. The efferent loop obstruction was successfully resolved by laparotomy.

J Enam Med Col 2020; 10(2): 118-121
Relación binaria de lo telúrico y temporal en Cuadernos de Tambillo de Segundo Cancino
Authors: Caballero Delgado Gabriela
Published: June 2021

Ha crecido en la actualidad el interés por estudiar la estrecha relación que existe entre el tiempo y el espacio para construir la conciencia de los sujetos y la realidad (en este caso, imaginativa). En el presente artículo se aborda la relación binaria de estos elementos como una forma de acercarse, desde su naturaleza expresiva, al sistema simbólico que fundamenta el universo imaginario del libro Cuadernos de Tambillo y hacer emerger a los personajes líricos, visibilizando su compleja red de relaciones.
Stratigrafi dan Sedimentologi Formasi Kerek di Sepanjang Lintasan Kalikayen, Ungaran Timur, Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Authors: Paramita Nela , Fatturakhman M. Luthfi , Maryanto Sigit , Rijani Sonia
Published: June 2021

Satuan Batulempung Formasi Kerek tersingkap sangat baik di lintasan Kalikayen, Ungaran Timur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lingkungan pengendapan satuan batuan yang tersingkap di lintasan ini. Batuan di lintasan ini terdiri atas batulempung sebagian besar gampingan dengan beberapa sisipan batupasir batupasir gampingan sangat halus berstruktur laminasi sejajar, laminasi bergelombang dan sedikit berlapis susun, dengan ketebalan total mencapai 80 m. Batuan terendapkan di lingkungan laut dalam dengan mekanisme turbidit jauhan pada Miosen Tengah hingga Miosen Akhir. Secara stratigrafi, satuan batuan ini berhubungan saling menjemari dengan Satuan Batupasir Formasi Kerek, meskipun di lintasan Kalikayen relatif berada di bagian bawah satuan batuan tersebutKatakunci: Kalikayen, batulempung, lingkungan pengendapan, turbidit jauhan.
Model Orientasi Kewirausahaan dan Strategi Bisnis Guna Meningkatkan Kinerja Wirausaha Perempuan di Bogor
Authors: Primadhita Yuridistya , Ayuningtyas Eka Avianti , Primatami Anggraita
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh langsung orientasi kewirausahaan dan strategi bisnis serta pengaruh tidak langsung orientasi kewirausahaan yang dimediasi oleh strategi bisnis terhadap kinerja wirausaha perempuan di Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dari 50 wirausaha perempuan di Bogor. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orientasi kewirausahaan tidak berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap kinerja wirausaha perempuan. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa orientasi kewirausahaan yang dimediasi oleh strategi bisnis berpengaruh lebih besar terhadap peningkatan kinerja wirausaha perempuan. Orientasi kewirausahaan yang kuat diiringi dengan strategi efisiensi biaya, strategi diferensiasi produk, dan strategi segmen pasar spesifik akan memberikan kemungkinan yang lebih besar bagi wirausaha perempuan untuk meningkatkan kinerjanya dan menjadi lebih kompetitif.Kata kunci: kinerja; orientasi kewirausahaan; strategi bisnis; UMKM; wirausaha perempuan             ABSTRACTThis study aims to examine the direct effect of entrepreneurial orientation and business strategy and also the indirect effect of entrepreneurial orientation, mediates by business strategy, on the performance of women entrepreneurs in Bogor. This study used the primary data of 50 women entrepreneurs in Bogor. The data was analyzed using path analysis. The results showed that entrepreneurial orientation has no directly effect on the performance of women entrepreneurs. The results also showed that entrepreneurial orientation that is mediated by business strategy has a greater effect on improving the performance of women entrepreneurs. Strong entrepreneurial orientation that accompanied by cost efficiency strategy, product differentiation strategy, and specific market segment strategy will provide more possibilities for women entrepreneurs to improve their performance and become more competitive.Keywords: business strategy; entrepreneurial orientation; performance; SMEs; women entrepreneurship
Reachability Results in Plane Trees
Authors: NYARİARO Albert , OKOTH Isaac Owino
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we obtain closed formulas for the number of reachable vertices in labelled plane trees by paths lengths, sinks, leaf sinks, first children, left most path, non-first children, and non-leaves. Our counting objects are plane trees having their edges oriented from a vertex of lower label towards a vertex of higher label. For each statistic, we obtain the average number of reachable vertices. Moreover, we obtain a counting formula for the number of plane trees on $n$ vertices such that exactly $k\leq n$ are reachable from the root.
Contact Hamiltonian Description of 1D Frictional Systems
Authors: DÜNDAR Furkan Semih , AYAR Gülhan
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we consider contact Hamiltonian description of 1D frictional dynamics with no conserved force. Friction forces that are monomials of velocity, and sum of two monomials are considered. For that purpose, quite general forms of contact Hamiltonians are taken into account. We conjecture that it is impossible to give a contact Hamiltonian description dissipative systems where the friction force is not in the form considered in this paper.
Ichnofossils from the Middle Bhuban Unit, Bhuban Formation of Pachhy Lokah near Maubawk, Siaha District, Mizoram, India
Authors: Rose Elita , Lalchawimawii  , Malsawma J , Lalnuntluanga P , Lalrammuana A. , Tiwari R.P.
Published: June 2021

Trace fossils provide us with indirect evidence of life in the past, such as the foot prints, tracks, burrows, borings and feces left behind by animals rather than the preserved remains of the body of the actual animal itself. These imprints give palaeontologies clues with evidence of the activities of ancient animals, something body fossils simply cannot do. The Middle Bhuban rocks of Bhuban Formation are well exposed in the study area comprising sandstone, siltstone, shales and their admixtures. The grey sandstone unit exposed at Pachhy Lokah, Siaha is marked by well-preserved trace fossils comprising a total of eleven ichnospecies belonging to seven ichnogenera have been identified, namely: Katbergia isp., Laevicyclus mongraensis, Ophiomorpha nodosa, Ophiomorpha borneensis, Palaeophycus alternatus, Palaeophycus heberti, Palaeophycus striatus, Phycodes curvipalmatum, Psilonichnus upsilon, Psilonichnus isp. and Skolithos verticalis. Thus, it can be inferred from the presence of ichnofossils, that the studied successions of Bhuban Formation, Surma Group of Mizoram were deposited under sandy shifting substrate and high energy conditions in foreshore to unconsolidated, poorly sorted soft substrate and low energy condition in shoreface/offshore zone of shallow marine environment with occasion storm events.
Kebijakan standar kepemimpinan kepala sekolah pengelola pendidikan
Authors: Nilawati Rohaenah Ike , Sahudi Sahudi , Supiana A. Supiana , Yuliati Zakiah Qiqi
Published: June 2021

Masalah ditemui di lapangan saat kepala sekolah belum berhasil membawa lembaganya ke arah tujuan yang ingin dicapai dan meningkatkan mutu pendidikan. Pentingnya artikel ini mewujudkan agar Sekolah dapat mengelola pendidikan dengan baik, berdasarkan kebijakan standar kepemimpinan kepala sekolah sebagai pengelola pendidikan di MTs Insan Kamil Payatiman Purwakarta. Standar Kebijakan berpedoman pada Pertama, Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia Nomor 13 Tahun 2007, tentang Standar Kepala Sekolah/Madrasah. Kedua, Undang Undang RI No.14 Tahun 2005 tentang Guru dan Dosen pasal 1 ayat 10. Ketiga, Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan RI nomor 6 Tahun 2018 Tentang Penugasan Guru sebagai Kepala Sekolah, Bab III Persyaratan Bakal Calon Kepala Sekolah Pasal 2 (1). Tujuan dalam artikel ini untuk meningkatkan standar kepemimpinan kepala sekolah pengelola pendidikan dan meningatkan mutu pendidikan di Indonesia. Metode penelitian lapangan (field research) bersifat kualitatif deskriptif lokasi di MTs Insan Kamil Payatiman Purwakarta Jawa Barat. Data diperoleh dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Februari 2020 sampai April 2020. Analisis data diperoleh dari data primer dan sekunder kemudian di olah, mulai dari reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan uji keabsahan data, responden adalah guru, kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah, tata usaha, siswa dan orang tua juga masyakat. Hasil penelitian Kepala sekolah MTs Insan Kamil Payatiman Purwakarta telah melaksanakan dengan baik fungsi sebagai pendidik, manajer, administrator, supervisor, pemimpin, inovator, wirausahawan. pencipta iklim kerja.