bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Representation of Syrian Refugees in Canadian Online News Media: A Focus on the Topos of Burdening
Authors: Mustafa Manar , Pilus Zahariah , Mohammad Lotfie Maskanah
Published: November 2021

Background: This study focuses on the representation of Syrian refugees in Canadian online news media. It examines 375 articles selected from three of the most visited Canadian news sites, namely the Toronto Star, which favours the Liberal Party, and the Toronto Sun and National Post, which favour the Conservative Party.

Analysis: The basis of this research is a topoi analysis, whereby instances of the topos of burdening are identified, examined, and categorized as either positive or negative.

Conclusion and implications: A distinction is drawn between the depiction of Syrian refugees in conservative- and liberal-leaning news sources. The findings aim to provide some insight into the possible impact of media representation on both the Syrian refugees and the Canadian public.
Enemy Imaginaries: A Case Study of the Far Right in Canada
Authors: Neville Stephen J. , Langlois Ganaele
Published: November 2021

Background: Social media and digital technology play a central role in amplifying the potential harms of the far right.

Analysis: The concept of enemy imaginaries is developed to map the digital and social media practices of far-right actors and groups in their antagonistic participation with and against a liberal, multicultural, globalist imagined community. Analysis focuses on a dramatic clash at a People’s Party of Canada event in Hamilton, Ontario, during the 2019 federal election.

Conclusion and implications: Disparate far-right groups can momentarily crystallize around a particular event to define new nationalist objects that are symbolic of their networked and mediated fight against an imagined enemy.
Political Crowdfunding and Campaigning on GoFundMe
Authors: Elmer Greg , Ward-Kimola Sabrina
Published: November 2021

Background: What does the Canadian use of GoFundMe tell us about the role of non-party campaigners in contemporary election campaigning?

Analysis: Within the context of the 2019 Canadian federal election, this article examines how GoFundMe has been used as a platform for fundraising by fringe and populist political voices online.

Conclusion and implications: The crowdfunding platform GoFundMe has been leveraged to meet political goals both within and outside of traditional, party-centred, political fundraising setups. The mobilization of GoFundMe’s crowdfunding tools in the 2019 federal election presented an opportune space for the financialization of political goals reflecting right-wing populist ideas.
Analisis Kepemimpinan K.H Wahid Hasyim Terhadap Reformasi Pendidikan Pesantren
Authors: Kurohman M. Taofik , Wahyuni Anny , Purnomo Budi
Published: November 2021

K.H. Abdul Wahid Hasyim is one of the founding fathers of the Indonesian nation. His services, thoughts and dedication to Indonesia are unquestionable. With his family background and education, he has a visionary ambition to change the conservative education system in pesantren and of course by not leaving religious education as his priority. This paper tries to describe Wahid Hasyim's biography and examines his various thoughts on education as well as the content of his vision of reforming pesantren education.

K.H. Abdul Wahid Hasyim merupakan salah satu bapak pendiri bangsa Indonesia. Jasa, pemikiran dan pengabdiannya untuk Indonesia tak perlu dipertanyakan lagi. Dengan latar belakang keluarga dan pendidikannya membuat ia mempunyai ambisi yang visioner untuk mengubah sistem pendidikan yang konservatif di pesantren dan tentu saja dengan tidak meninggalkan pendidikan keagamaan yang diutamakan. Tulisan ini mencoba menguraikan biografi Wahid Hasyim dan menelaah berbagai pemikirannya mengenai pendidikan dan juga isi dari visi nya mereformasi pendidikan pesantren.
Realitas Ilmu Sosial Pada Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial
Authors: Sanjaya Ivan , Gunawan Rudy
Published: November 2021

This study aims to see the extent to which social attitudes and roles in the education unit environment are provided and provided through Social Science Education in the Bethel Dadap Basic Education Unit based on the curriculum journey and in the current digital era. This study uses a qualitative method by using a document study instrument or can be called a literature study. The results of this study indicate that the tendency of gadgets to make students apathetic towards their environment is due to the influence of the use of technology media which is less assisted in addition to distance learning which causes students to use technology media more. With more assistance from parents and teacher direction, it minimizes the negative impacts that occur for students. Thus, students can continue to use technology media and interact with the wider community in the digitalization era with full awareness and indepth knowledge of how to use technology media properly and correctly, specifically in communicating with others.
Pengembangan Pembelajaran Sejarah Berbasis Microsoft Teams Untuk Membentuk Kecakapan Abad 21
Authors: Romadhoni Asyif Awaludin , Supardi Supardi , Aman Aman
Published: November 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has changed all aspects of human life. One of them is education. The government has launched a Learning From Home (BDR) policy to tackle the spread of COVID-19. This has an impact on the learning process and inculcating character values ​​among the younger generation. History learning certainly plays an important role in shaping the character of the younger generation and becomes one of the solutions to moral decadence during the pandemic. Therefore, history learning needs to be arranged creatively by innovating learning technology, one of which is Microsoft Teams. This article aims to describe a Microsoft Teams-based history learning model by incorporating learning technologies such as broadcast. This article is written with descriptive writing method. The theories used to analyze and develop this learning model include the concepts of understanding, feeling, acting, and the example of Ki Hadjar Dewantara; the Smart School and Good School concepts developed by Matthew Davidson, Thomas Lickona, and Vladimir Khmelkov; and the concept of Teaching Controversial Issues based on Thomas Lickona's research. The history learning model based on Microsoft Teams consists of several stages, namely Preparation of Learning Implementation Plans (RPP); Material Ray Making; Asynchronous Learning by sharing podcasts of material into Teams Classes; Synchronous Learning Discussing Rays; Synchronous Learning that Discusses the Perspective of Characters, Historical Actors, or Experts and Discusses; and Control of Character Guidance with Homeroom and Counseling Teachers. This model can be applied in history learning in an effort to inculcate character values ​​and competencies in the 21st century by inviting students to continue to plan and realize good plans for the better.
Antioxidant Activity and Anti-Nutritional Factors in Acacia Nilotica Gum
Authors: Khaled Kazi Layla , Irani Rukshana
Published: November 2021

The rapidly growing civilization and economy need the judicious usage of floral and faunal heritage. Acacia nilotica (Family: Fabaceae) is a beneficial plant species and each part of it exhibits numerous biological and pharmacological effects. The gum exudates of Acacia nilotica trees are underutilized plant products that can be explored for their potential as a therapeutic and curative agent. Its nutritional composition, interaction with anti-nutritional factors and antioxidants can determine its utility as a food. The present investigation was aimed to estimate the anti-nutritional factors and antioxidant activity of Acacia nilotica gum. It also focused on establishing a relationship of the obtained data with the ethnomedicinal and pharmacological properties claimed in the literature. The analysis was carried out using standard methods and protocols involving spectrophotometric and gravimetric principles. The anti-nutritional components like tannin, trypsin inhibitor, phytate, oxalate, total saponin, steroidal saponins, alkaloid content of Acacia nilotica gum was found to be 0.2369±0.0354 g tannic acid equivalent/100 g, 0.0108±0.0037 TIU/mg, 156.3333±9.4516 mg/100 g, 132.5±28.3152mg/100 g, 12.7183±6.7788 mg diosgenin equivalent /g, 0.0705±0.01 mg diosgenin equivalent /g, 0.1333±0.0577 g/100 g respectively. The amounts of total phenols and flavonoids was determined to be 8.0033±2.7211 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g sample, 0.0458±0.0186 mg quercetin equivalent /g sample respectively with a significant DPPH Scavenging activity. The results indicate that the quantity of anti-nutritional factors in gum is within the range of the contents of anti-nutritional factors found in commonly consumed foods. The substantial presence of phenol, flavonoids and DPPH activity in the gum indicates the presence of high antioxidant properties. The presence of anti-nutritional factors and antioxidants in favourable levels can impart diverse physiological responses. The present study concluded that Acacia nilotica gum can be used as a nutritious food commodity with a plethora of recuperative activities.
Clinical Evaluation of Acanthosis Nigricans and Its Correlation with Endocrine, Metabolic and Nutritional Factors in Gujarat,India
Authors: Sohan A Patel  , Jayant B Dave  , Timir Y Mehta
Published: November 2021

Acanthosis nigricans (AN) refers to the velvety, black hyperpigmentation in flexures usually on the neck and axillae. AN is associated with multiple endocrinopathies and insulin resistance is reported to be a common denominator among them. The aim of the study was to identify the correlation of metabolic factors (Serum glucose, lipid profile), endocrine factors (TSH, serum insulin), and nutritional factors (vitamin B12, Ferritin) in AN patients in Aravalli district of Gujarat state. A total of Seventeen Patients (11 male and 6 female) were included in the study History, clinical observations, physical parameters, and biochemical tests were noted in AN patients and correlation of some likely factors with AN was explored. The age was 28.41±15.09 years for AN group and 35.45±8.74 years for control group. The mean BMI was found to be higher in AN at 1 % level of significance (P = 0.007) implying that overweight/obesity is associated with AN. The mean TSH value was found to be higher in AN than control group at 5 % level of significance (P = 0.0115) implying that hypothyroidism (elevated TSH value) is associated with AN. The 45.45 % patients had higher blood glucose levels and some of the patients had higher level of insulin. The mean lipid profile, vitamin B12 and serum ferritin were found to be at non-significance level. All statistical tests were performed using graph pad prism software (version 5.0). Positive correlations were observed between higher fasting glucose and hyperinsulinemia with AN and others factors such as metabolic and endocrine like overweight/obesity, hypothyroidism, higher glucose  and  serum  insulin  with  AN.  This  implies  that  AN  can  serve  as  a  marker  for  detecting  hyperinsulinemia  and hypothyroidism. Some of the parameters like, Serum lipid profile, vitamin B12 and ferritin levels could not be correlated to AN. Thus, patients with AN can be targeted for lifestyle and behavioral modifications at an early stage to avoid the serious consequences of AN.
Assessing Airway Resistance Using Plethysmography as Lung Function Testing Among Asymptomatic Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.
Authors: Abdulrhman Mustafa Rasheed  , Ahmed Fadlalla  , Tarig Fadelelmoula  , Alblowi, Wael F  , Saitah Fawaz Alshammari  , Asmaa Hegazy
Published: November 2021

Pulmonary events in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) reflects the involvement of pleurae, lung interstitium, and airways. Overall, pulmonary manifestations are estimated to cause 10–20% of mortalities in RA. Respiratory system involvement as extra-articular presentations of RA is common among some Saudi patients. This study aims to evaluate specific airway conductance (sGaw), airway resistance (Raw), and specific airway resistance (sRaw), using plethysmography. Comparison for deployed methods is made by forced spirometer as an indicator for obstruction among patients with RA. The study sought to use the methods to enhance lung testing among RA patients.   An analytical, hospital-based study was carried  out at pulmonary function test laboratory, department of respiratory care King Saud Medical City (KSMC). RA patients were selected, with an age group of 18-75years. The tests for Forced spirometer and plethysmography were carried out to assess  and analyze how the respiratory mechanism was impacted by the disease. Data collected was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 21. The obstructive and mixed ventilation patterns constituted 15%; the mean values of Raw and sRaw were significantly higher compared to mean values predicted for participants selected during the study, while sGaw was significantly lower compared to mean values predicted for participants selected. Monitoring of airway resistance parameters using plethysmography can be used as indicators of lung function testing among RA patients.
La guadua: constructor decimonónico de región en el valle interandino del río Cauca
Authors: Valencia Marín Daniel Felipe
Published: November 2021

La mitad del siglo XIX representó una serie de transformaciones sociales y económicas de la organización colonial que había subsistido en el suroccidente neogranadino. Los rápidos procesos de manumisión de esclavos cambiaron por completo las relaciones dentro de los medios de producción. Es por ello que las élites vieron la necesidad de recomponer la comunidad política próxima, articulándole a un proyecto de construcción de nación e ideales de progreso económico. En medio de esto, la guadua fue un objeto que la élite apropió para facilitar el proceso de integración social por medio de su resignificación. Sin embargo, esto implicó una revalorización de las prácticas subalternas que se desarrollaron junto con la guadua para integrarles dentro de “la tradición” y “el paisaje” de la nueva comunidad. Así, el abordaje desde la cultura material promete entender las formas de interacción de los distintos individuos con el objeto y su proceso de integración.
Coaching as management style and technology for professional development of civil service personnel
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, BOGATYREV EVGENY
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the methodology of coaching as management style and technology for professional development of civil service personnel in executive bodies. The author mentions the problem of developing the employee’s potential, self-realization in the process of training as well as improving personal and professional efficiency. In this study, special attention is paid to improving the effectiveness of human potential. Currently, personnel management and its professional development should be considered as an inseparable process, since it has largely exhausted its resources and does not give the necessary effect. Traditional training does not ensure that personnel receive appropriate competencies that are in demand at the increasing pace of economic development and other spheres of modern life. Today, personnel management is still carried out through the distribution of powers and responsibilities, setting tasks and passing instructions, stimulating and motivating, encouraging and punishing, but at the head of this process should be a concern for creating conditions and atmosphere for realizing person’s natural ability to learn and think independently, that is, a strategy for managing professional development.
Legal issues of the protection system for the unqualified investors in the securities market of the Russian Federation
Authors:   “F1-Novaya bukhgalteriya” LLC, TRAVIN GEORGY
Published: November 2021

The article considers the dynamics for forming the retail investment segment in the Russian Federation, the regulatory acts in force to regulate it, and the measures taken by the state to provide additional legal protection for individuals on the securities market. There is an acute issue of the low level of financial literacy of Russian citizens. As a result of the analysis of the current system for protecting the rights and legitimate interests of unqualified investors, the author identified existing problems and proposed possible ways to solve them. It is noted that a distinctive feature of the stock market is the extremely high level of risk of financial losses. Due to the fact that only professionals are allowed to trade, regular citizens are forced to use the broker services. The brokerage agreement, despite its significance, is the most undeveloped area of legal regulation of investors’ activities in the securities market. The rights and guarantees of the legitimate interests of unqualified investors in the provision of brokerage services are also not clearly established. According to the author, a possible solution would be the introduction of a special regulation of the brokerage contract at the legislative level and the consolidation of minimum guarantees of compliance with the interests of clients.
Characteristics of the audit services market in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, ARTEMOVA YULIA
Published: November 2021

The article examines the state of the audit services market in Russia over the past three years. The author highlights the most important and relevant problems, such as dumping, the unattractive nature of the profession itself, the insufficient level of quality of service provision, and a decrease in income. The work reflects the factors that have the greatest impact on the activities of audit organizations, examines the possibilities for solving existing problems, and proposes measures to improve regulation in this area. In Russia, the market for audit services tends to enlarge its participants. Small companies face a choice when they must either join big enterprises or leave the market. The number of audit organizations and certified auditors is constantly declining. Since organizations limit their audit costs, audit companies reduce the cost of services they provide to retain their clients or acquire new ones. Currently, such price dumping is becoming large-scale. Another problem is the decline in the prestige of the profession. The lack of prospects in this area directly affects the decrease in the number of qualified specialists in the audit services market. Low demand for services has the greatest impact on audit organizations and individual auditors.
Immunological parameters examination of the oral fluid in normal and pathological conditions: sensitivity analysis of microorganisms in modern therapeutic practice in vitro
Authors: SABAH Abdulrazaq Mohammad , NATALIYA Ikonnikova
Published: November 2021

Inflammation of the mucosal immune system is a common occurrence (saliva). The masticatory process and salivary enzymes destroy antigenic material that enters the mouth cavity, yet it can still activate immunological responses. Many soluble components are secreted by epithelial cells or incorporated into oral cavity fluids. Defensins, histatins, lysozyme, and lactoferrin all have antibacterial action. They appear to work synergistically with secretory IgA. The objectives of this study is to examine the immunological parameters (concentration of total IgA and secretory IgA) of the oral fluid of the examined individuals in normal and pathological conditions; and to identify the sensitivity/resistance of microorganisms-the main representatives of the oral microflora to antimicrobial drugs widely used in modern therapeutic practice (antibiotics) in vitro. To achieve the study's goals, 65 individuals aged 18 to 50 were evaluated. To measure secretory IgA in oral fluid, we used a solid-phase immunoassay and a ZAO Vector Best sIgA ELISA BEST strip. The "secretory IgA-ELISA" reagent collection is designed to quantify secretory IgA in body fluids using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measures secretory IgA. The t-test was used to assess the significance of differences across indicator groups. Results indicated that amount of total IgA in oral fluid is significantly lower in people with dental and periodontal problems than in people who are healthy. This indicates a decrease in oral cavity resistance and an increase in carious/periodontal processes. Caries and/or periodontal disease have been linked to lgA deficiency. The results showed that staphylococci and streptococci dominated the oral cavity microbiota in the comparison groups. In addition to this, Neisseria and Veillonella were found. Streptococci accounted for 57 percent of all microorganisms planted in this biotope. Enterobacteria accounted for up to 15%, whereas Neisseria accounted for about 4% and 2%. The decrease in sIgA levels in periodontitis patients' saliva indicates a lack of local mucous membrane protection, increasing the risk of caries and periodontitis. The lower sIgA levels in the mouth make tooth tissue more susceptible to caries-causing microbe adherence than in healthy people.
Felipe Berrojo de Isla (1631-1694). Arquitecto del Almirante de Castilla y Maestro Mayor del obispado de Palencia.
Authors: LOSADA VAREA Celestina
Published: November 2021

La notable evolución artística del arquitecto Felipe Berrojo de Isla desde el Clasicismo en el que se forma hasta el lenguaje de Barroco que emplea en sus obras de madurez resulta del aprendizaje, desde el oficio de la albañilería, del arte de la cantería y elaboración de trazas a la sombra del trasmerano Jerónimo de Avendaño, maestro veedor de la diócesis palentina. Su reconocimiento profesional como arquitecto del Almirante de Castilla en Medina de Rioseco y Valladolid culminará con su nombramiento como Maestro Mayor del obispado de Palencia (1675), donde deja los primeros ejemplos de exaltación del espacio funerario barroco.
Visitando hoy los museos: reflexiones sobre el nuevo espectador digital y sus prácticas culturales en un patrimonio en transformación
Authors: RIEGO AMÉZAGA Bernardo
Published: November 2021

Los comportamientos de los visitantes actuales de los museos, que ya no contemplan las obras artísticas, sino que, en muchos casos, las utilizan como medio de elaboración de sus propias imágenes captadas por dispositivos móviles, nos permiten entender algunos aspectos de la nueva cultura digital que se está configurando y establecer una comparativa crítica respecta a los valores actuales y los que se configuraron para el espectador de la modernidad. El Museo como un patrimonio transformado y sus cambios culturales se constituyen así en un espacio de análisis privilegiado.
El tocado corniforme femenino en la Baja Edad Media
Authors: MEDINA GONZÁLEZ Amaya
Published: November 2021

El tocado corniforme femenino aparece representado por primera vez en la segunda mitad del siglo XIV en el monasterio de Santo Domingo de Silos. Durante el siglo XV y principios del XVI se muestra en pinturas y esculturas del norte de la Meseta en Castilla y Aragón, con extensión a Galicia y Pirineos Atlánticos (Francia). Los textos de viajeros del siglo XVI trataron de interpretar su origen y significado. Los artistas lo representaron durante la Baja Edad Media en un ámbito nobiliario y de la literatura cortesana y galante, y también en un contexto religioso ennoblecido.
CRIADO MAINAR, Jesús, La escultura romanista en Tarazona. 1585-1630, Tarazona, Centro de Estudios Turiasonenses, 2020.
Authors: CARRETERO CALVO Rebeca
Published: November 2021

Este libro analiza la renovación clasicista o romanista de la escultura de la ciudad de Tarazona (Zaragoza) entre 1580 y 1630. El romanismo constituye el reflejo de nuevas tendencias difundidas en la mitad norte peninsular tras la confección del retablo mayor (1558-1563) de la catedral de Astorga, con la aplicación de un repertorio arquitectónico tomado del tratado de Vignola y del lenguaje plástico de Miguel Ángel. En tierras aragonesas, la escultura romanista tuvo uno de sus principales centros en la comarca de Calatayud, perteneciente al obispado turiasonense, aunque su sede también contó con interesantes artífices propios y foráneos que son estudiados en esta monografía.
Blastomicose Sul Americana e suas manifestações na cavidade oral
Authors: Nobre Maria Julia
Published: November 2021

Considerations about concept, nomenclature, clinical and histopathological features of the lesion. It is stressed how important is the precocious diagnosis onde the main way for parasite entrance is oral cavity.
Reabsorções dentárias internas
Authors: Milano Nicolau F. , Ebling Hardy , D. Barbachan João Jorge
Published: November 2021

The mechanism of action of the so-called internal resorption of dentine is only one, either internal or external. Resorption can be produced

by pathological causes. It is stressed how important is the precocious

diagnosis. Radiographic diagnosis is commented. It is suggested the treatment by pulpectomy. The prognosis depends upon the resorption extension area.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on community-acquired neonatal pneumonia admissions to a tertiary care hospital during RSV season
Authors: Elbayiyev Sarkhan , Canpolat Fuat , Şimşek Gülsüm , Yazıcı Aybüke , Kanmaz Gozde
Published: November 2021

Objective: Currently there is a conflicting data about the incidence of
community-acquired infections with common respiratory viruses during the
pandemics caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Method: This study compared patients who
admitted to the pediatric emergency and neonatal outpatient clinics with
upper and lower respiratory tract infection symptoms and were admitted
to the neonatal intensive care unit for community-acquired pneumonia
during the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) season in pre-coronovirus
disease (COVID) (October 2019 - March 2020) and post-COVID (October 2020
- March 2021) era. Results: A total of 869 patient records were
screened. Of these, 70 patients (22%) in the pre-COVID era and 15
patients (6.8%) in the post-COVID era met the selection criteria and
were included in the analysis. In the pre- and post-COVID era
respectively, males accounted for 57.1% and 73.3% of patients
(p>0.05), the mean gestational age at birth was 37±2 and
35±3 weeks (p<0.05), the mean birth weight was 3045±601 and
2386±840 g (p<0.05), the mean postnatal age at admission was
9±3 and 7±1 days (p>0.05), and the mean length of hospital
stay was 9±3 and 7±1 days (p>0.05). RSV was detected in 42
(60%) patients in the pre-COVID era compared to 2 (13.3%) patients in
the post-COVID era (p<0.05). Conclusion: Despite the
comparable neonatal hospital admissions in both eras, a 3-fold decrease
in hospitalizations due to community acquired pneumonia was observed in
post COVID era. Strict compliance with the rules such as mask use, hand
washing, and social distancing and lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic
could explain the decrease in neonatal pnemonia.
Lo stato di qualità dei corpi idrici superficiali: classificazione ed analisi dei trend degli elementi LIMeco per Mingardo, Tusciano e Regi Lagni
Authors: Comarco Davide
Published: November 2021

Lo scopo del presente elaborato è analizzare i trend dei parametri
chimico-fisici che rientrano nella classificazione di un fiume. Questi,
abbinati ad altri parametri concorrono alla determinazione finale dello
Stato ecologico.

Per la classificazione dello stato ecologico dei corpi idrici fluviali
gli elementi fisico-chimici a sostegno del biologico da utilizzare sono
costituiti dai nutrienti di cui fanno parte l’azoto ammoniacale, l’azoto
nitrico ed il fosforo totale oltre all’ossigeno disciolto.

Rispetto a tali elementi sono stati creati dei grafici che
raffigurassero l’andamento temporale e l’andamento spaziale dei vari
fiumi, partendo dai primi campionamenti avvenuti all’inizio degli anni
2000.

L’obiettivo è quello di analizzare i monitoraggi avvenuti degli elementi
sopra citati per avere un quadro efficace e chiaro dello stato di
qualità dei corpi idrici superficiali, nel suddetto caso fiumi Campani
ma l’analisi può e dev’essere estesa anche all’interno reticolo
idrografico italiano.
Prediction of activity of CRISPR-Cpf1 guide RNA via in vivo high-throughput screening
Authors: wang gancheng , zhu dan , li juan , wang junyi , xi jianzhong
Published: November 2021

Background: CRISPR-cpf1 is a single RNA-guided endonuclease system,
becoming a promising tool in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome
engineering. The editing efficiency of Cpf1 based engineering still
requires improvements. However, limited information regarding the
relationship between guide RNA sequence and on-target activity is
available. To address these challenges, we developed a screening
platform based on the association of Acidaminococcus sp. Cpf1(AsCpf1)
DNA cleavage with cellular lethality. Major results: In total, we
measured the activities of 12,544 guide RNAs, and observed a substantial
variation of the editing efficiency depending on the design of the
sequence. Based on this large-scale dataset, we designed and implemented
a comprehensive computational model to predict activities of guide RNAs.
Through comparison using simulated and experimental data, our approach
outperformed existing algorithms, enabling selection of efficient guide
RNAs. Conclusions: We refine on-target design rules and isolate the
important sequence features that contribute to DNA cleavage, that is, AH
dimers at position1-8 of protospacer promoting Cas12a activity while TK,
GB dimer playing an inhibitory role. We validate guide RNA affinities
designed by our optimized rules in both E.coli and 293T cells.
Putative biotic drivers of plant phenology :with special reference to pathogens and deciduousness
Authors: Burdon Rowland , Bartlett Michael
Published: November 2021

Plant phenology is manifested in the seasonal timing of vegetative and
reproductive processes, but also has ontogenetic aspects. The adaptive
basis of seasonal phenology has been considered mainly in terms of
climatic drivers. However, some biotic factors as likely evolutionary
influences on plants’ phenology appear to have been under-researched.
Several specific cases of putative biotic factors driving plant
phenology are outlined, involving both herbivores and pathogens. These
illustrate the diversity of likely interactions rather than any
systematic coverage or review. Emphasis is on woody perennials, in which
phenology is often most multi-faceted and complicated by the ontogenetic
aspect. The complete seasonal leaf fall that characterises deciduous
plants may be a very important defence against some pathogens. Whether
biotic influences drive acquisition or long-term persistence of
deciduousness is considered. In one case; of leaf rusts in poplars,
countervailing influences of the rusts and climate suggest persistence.
Often, however, biotic and environmental influences likely reinforce
each other. The timing and duration of shoot flushing may in at least
some cases contribute to defences against herbivores, largely through
brief periods of ‘predator satiation’ when plant tissues have highest
food value. Wide re-examination of plant phenology, accommodating the
roles of biotic factors and their interplays with environments as
additional adaptive drivers, is advocated, towards developing and
applying hypotheses that are observationally or experimentally testable.
Social development or marketing: A discourse analysis of female borrowers in Lahore Pakistan
Authors: Waheed Seemi
Published: November 2021

The MFOs espoused marketing approach for financial sustainability over shadows development agenda. Originally community-based organizations were designed to bring lender-borrower closer for socio-economic development is now used to identify customers with repaying capacity. The MFOs derived international financial organizations’ financial sustainability discourse remains predominant and community organizations are means to develop relationship building for commercial goals. The interdisciplinary study uses interpretive methodology, discourse analysis and case method, interviewing 120 female borrowers individually and collectively in a more than 120 hours juxtaposing MFOs, and international financial organizations discourse with the borrowers’ text. The findings show there is a mismatch between stated social development goals and microloans only meet social and consumption needs. The study suggests MFOs dual strategy does not serve social development goals and there is need to pursue either goals.
Mucous membrane pemphigoid - a report of four cases
Authors: Jocic Ivana , Dakovic Dragana , Kandolf-Sekulovic Lidija , Novakovic Ljubomir , Mijuskovic Zeljko
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a rare autoimmune, chronic inflammatory disease that affects mucous membranes, most commonly the eyes and mouth, with or without skin involvement. It is a complex disease with several complications, including scarring, especially on conjunctival mucosa, that can lead to visual loss. Case report. We report four patients (two men and two women) with MMP. In all patients, the disease started between seventy and eighty years of age. The diagnosis was confirmed based on clinical appearance, histology, direct and indirect immunofluorescence studies, indirect split skin technique, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. The majority of lesions were on the gums and buccal mucosa; one patient had laryngeal involvement and a lesion on the umbilicus. No ocular involvement and no malignancy were detected. Direct immunofluorescence tests revealed continuous linear IgG deposition in the basal membrane zone in two patients, and they were treated with oral nicotinamide and tetracycline hydrochloride. In two patients, we detected IgG along with IgA linear deposition; they received treatment with methylprednisolone. Complete remission was achieved in all patients. Conclusion. Early diagnosis and an adequate therapeutic approach are necessary for the MMP treatment in long-term disease control and reduction of disease-related complications.
Relationship between heat storage and parameters of thermotolerance and fatigue in exertional heat stress
Authors: Masic Sinisa , Marjanovic Sonja , Stojicevic Jelena , Jovanovic Vanja , Joksimovic Mirjana , Ilic Danijela
Published: November 2021

Background/Aim. The risk assessment of heat illness and fatigue development is essential in military service. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between heat storage and various psychophysiological parameters of heat stress, as well as potential peripheral markers of fatigue in soldiers performing exertional heat stress tests. Methods. Fifteen young, healthy, and unacclimatized men underwent an exertional heat stress test (EHST) with the submaximal workload in warm conditions (WBGT 29?C) in a climatic chamber. Every 10 min, the following parameters of thermotolerance were measured or calculated: core temperature (Tc), mean skin (Tsk) and body temperature (Tb), heart rate (HR), heat storage (HS), physiological strain index (PSI), as well as peripheral markers of fatigue [blood concentrations of ammonia, urea nitrogen (BUN), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cortisol and prolactin] and subjective parameters: thermal sensation (TS) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE). Results. Tolerance time varied from 45 to 75 min (mean 63 ? 7.7 min). Average values of Tc, Tb, and HR constantly increased during EHST, while Tsk reached the plateau after 10 min. Concentrations of all investigated peripheral markers of fatigue were significantly higher after EHST compared to baseline levels (31.47 ? 7.29 vs. 11.8 ? 1.11 ?mol/L for ammonia; 5.92 ? 0.73 vs. 4.69 ? 0.74 mmol/L for BUN, 187.27 ?2 8.49 vs.152.7 3? 23.39 U/L for LDH, 743.43 ? 206.19 vs. 558.79 ? 113.34 mmol/L for cortisol, and 418.08 ? 157.14 vs. 138.79 ? 92.83 ?IU/mL for prolactin). Conclusions. This study demonstrates the relationship between heat storage and Tc, HR, TS, and RPE, but also with PSI. Concentrations of cortisol and especially prolactin showed a significant correlation with parameters of thermotolerance.
Corrigendum on: Optimality conditions and duality for multiobjective semi-infinite programming with data uncertainty via Mordukhovich subdifferential (Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research, vol. 31, no 4, doi: https://doi.org/10.2298/YJOR201017013P)
Authors: Editoral E
Published: November 2021

The author of the article "Optimality Conditions and Duality for
Multiobjective Semi-Infinite Programming with Data Uncertainity via
Mordukhovich Subdifferential", Thanh-Hung Pham has informed the Editor
about necessary corrections of the paper.

 Link to the corrected article 10.2298/YJOR201017013P
Circulating Metabolites and the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese Adults
Authors: Bragg Fiona , Kartsonaki Christiana , Guo Yu , Holmes Michael , Du Huaidong , Yu Canqing , Pei Pei , Yang Ling , Jin Donghui , Chen Yiping , Schmidt Dan , Avery Daniel , Lv Jun , Chen Junshi , Clarke Robert , Hill Michael , Li Liming , Millwood Iona , Chen Zhengming
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

To assess prospective associations of circulating metabolites with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among Chinese adults.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A case-cohort study within the 8-year prospective China Kadoorie Biobank comprised 882 participants with incident T2D and 789 subcohort participants. Nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomic profiling quantified 225 metabolites in stored baseline plasma samples. Cox regression related individual metabolites with T2D risk, adjusting for potential confounders and fasting time.

RESULTS

After correction for multiple testing, 163 metabolites were significantly associated with the risk of T2D (P < 0.05). There were strong positive associations of VLDL particle size, the ratio of apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein A-1, branched-chain amino acids, glucose, and triglycerides with T2D, and inverse associations of HDL-cholesterol, HDL particle size, and relative n-3 and saturated fatty acid concentrations.

CONCLUSIONS

In Chinese adults, metabolites across diverse pathways were independently associated with T2D risk, providing valuable etiological insights and potential to improve T2D risk prediction.
Evidence That Hypothalamic Gliosis Is Related to Impaired Glucose Homeostasis in Adults With Obesity
Authors: Rosenbaum Jennifer L. , Melhorn Susan J. , Schoen Stefan , Webb Mary F. , De Leon Mary Rosalynn B. , Humphreys Madelaine , Utzschneider Kristina M. , Schur Ellen A.
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

Preclinical research implicates hypothalamic glial cell responses in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In the current study we sought to translate such findings to humans by testing whether radiologic markers of gliosis in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) were greater in individuals with obesity and impaired glucose homeostasis or T2D.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Using cross-sectional and prospective cohort study designs, we applied a validated quantitative MRI approach to assess gliosis in 67 adults with obesity and normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), or T2D. Assessments of glucose homeostasis were conducted via oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) and β-cell modeling.

RESULTS

We found significantly greater T2 relaxation times (a marker of gliosis by MRI), that were independent of adiposity, in the groups with IGT and T2D as compared with the group with normal glucose tolerance. Findings were present in the MBH, but not control regions. Moreover, positive linear associations were present in the MBH but not control regions between T2 relaxation time and glucose area under the curve during an OGTT, fasting glucose concentrations, hemoglobin A1c, and visceral adipose tissue mass, whereas negative linear relationships were present in the MBH for markers of insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. In a prospective cohort study, greater MBH T2 relaxation times predicted declining insulin sensitivity over 1 year.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings support a role for hypothalamic gliosis in the progression of insulin resistance in obesity and thus T2D pathogenesis in humans.
Contrast-induced encephalopathy and nonconvulsive status epilepticus after diagnostic cerebral angiography in an end-stage renal disease patient
Authors: Kim Hong Nam , Park So Young , Koh Seungyon , Kim Tae-Joon , Jung Woo Sang , Lee Jin Soo , Hong Ji Man , Lee Seong-Joon
Published: November 2021

A 70-year-old man with a history of recurrent ischemic stroke and end-stage renal disease was admitted to the neurology department for a transient ischemic attack. The patient underwent transfemoral cerebral angiography with iopamidol to evaluate the status of carotid stenosis. On the same day, the patient developed drowsy mentality, global aphasia, and fever. Electroencephalography showed continuous regional rhythmic delta activities (0.5 to 1.0 Hz) without definite spatiotemporal evolution, suggestive of focal seizure disorder arising from the left temporal area and ictal-interictal continuum. Computed tomography perfusion images showed hyperperfusion in the left hemisphere. The patient was diagnosed with contrast-induced encephalopathy and associated nonconvulsive status epilepticus. The patient was treated with oral lacosamide, levetiracetam, and daily hemodialysis. The patient’s mental status recovered after 8 days of intensive care unit care.
Data Harmonization and Data Pooling from Cohort Studies: A Practical Approach for Data Management
Authors: Adhikari Kamala , Patten Scott B , Patel Alka B , Premji Shahirose , Tough Suzanne , Letourneau Nicole , Giesbrecht Gerald , Metcalfe Amy
Published: November 2021

Data pooling from pre-existing multiple datasets can be useful to increase study sample size and statistical power to answer a research question. However, individual datasets may contain variables that measure the same construct differently, posing challenges for data pooling. Variable harmonization, an approach that can generate comparable datasets from heterogeneous sources, can address this issue in some circumstances. As an illustrative example, this paper describes the data harmonization strategies that helped generate comparable datasets across two Canadian pregnancy cohort studies– the All Our Families and the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition.

Variables were harmonized considering multiple features across the datasets: the construct measured; question asked/response options; the measurement scale used; the frequency of measurement; timing of measurement, and the data structure. Completely matching, partially matching, and completely un-matching variables across the datasets were determined based on these features. Variables that were an exact match were pooled as is. Partially matching variables were synchronized across the datasets considering the frequency of measurement, the timing of measurement, and response options. Variables that were completely unmatching could not be harmonized into a single variable.

The variable harmonization strategies that were used to generate comparable cohort datasets for data pooling are applicable to other data sources. Future studies may employ or evaluate these strategies. Variable harmonization and pooling provide an opportunity to increase study power and the utility of existing data, permitting researchers to answer novel research questions in a statistically efficient, timely, and cost-efficient manner that could not be achieved using a single data source.
Su Kıyısı Rekreasyon Alanlarının AHS Tekniği ile Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GÖKYER Ercan , TEKİNER Fadime
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmada Kayseri İli Yamula Barajı Çevresinde yer alan Kuşçu Yerleşimi ve yakın çevresi için rekreasyonel özelliklerine bağlı uygunluk kriterleri belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen uygunluk kriterlerine göre analizler Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ortamında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışma ile araştırma alanında rekreasyon için uygun alanlar belirlenerek yanlış kullanımların önüne geçilmesi, ekonomik ve ekolojik sürdürebilirliğin sağlanması hedeflenmiştir. Rekreasyonel uygunlukların belirlenmesi amacıyla eğim, erozyon, yükseklik, bitki varlığı, su varlığına yakınlık ve ulaşım için değerlendirme ölçütleri belirlenmiştir. Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHS) yöntemi ile uygunluk analizi yapılmıştır.
Tanggung Jawab Negara Asal Virus Covid-19 Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Internasional
Authors: Nurjanah Nurjanah , Munawaroh Hifdhotul
Published: November 2021

The spread of the Covid-19 virus has been very massive almost all over the world, Covid-19 is a real threat to humans and countries because it causes some global losses and damage. The perceived losses have led several countries to sue China to be responsible and immediately be tried in an international court. This research aims to know, understand, and analyze the regulatory responsibilities of countries in Islamic law and international law perspective and whether or not the country of origin of the Covid-19 outbreak is held accountable for a global Covid-19. This research is normative legal research with a statutory approach. The results of this study explain that China could be held accountable if it met certain characteristics of the Covid-19 case, but it is not easy for China to be held accountable for this Covid-19 case which almost in several countries in the world
Pengembangan Student Worksheet Model MORE Berbasis Teori Konstruktivistik Sosial Vygotsky di MAN 1 Pontianak
Authors: Budiharto Sutoyo , Basuki Ismet
Published: November 2021

This study aims to develop student worksheets of good quality and effectiveness to improve students' knowledge competencies. The student worksheet developed refers to the MORE (Model-Observe-Reflect-Explain) learning model based on Vygotsky's social constructivist theory. This development research refers to the steps developed by Thiagarajan, namely the 4-D development model. Data collection techniques in this study using interviews, observation, and tests. The analysis technique used is descriptive quantitative. The empirical test of increasing knowledge competence uses the pre-experimental method with one group pretest posttest design. Data on knowledge competency improvement were analyzed using the paried sample t test. The subjects of this study were students of class X IPS 1 at MAN 1 Pontianak. The results of this study are as follows. First, the MORE student worksheet model based on Vygotsky's social constructivist theory has a very good quality. Second, the MORE student worksheet model based on Vygotsky's social constructivist theory is effective for use in history learning.
Strategies of School Citizens in the Success of School Based Management Programs (MBS) for Achieving School Quality
Authors: Rizkita Karine , Purnama Fitri Wulan , Nur Hidayah Khoirin , Yuliadita Mafelinda , Asri Pratiwi Milanitaqwa , Ristuti Priatna Wyne , Bambang Sumarsono Raden
Published: November 2021

This article was prepared with the aim of: (1) the views of school members on the importance of school quality; (2) the role of school members in trying to achieve school quality; and (3) supporting factors for the school community in trying to achieve school quality. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach, in order to obtain data in the field about the strategies of school members in the success of the SBM program in achieving school quality. Researchers conducted field studies and conducted interviews with principals, vice principals in curriculum, deputy principals of student affairs, and also teachers of Islamic Religious Education (PAI). Apart from conducting interviews, researchers also conducted a documentation study at SMP Negeri 1 Bojonegoro as a research location. The results of the research found by researchers at SMP Negeri 1 Bojonegoro are as follows: (1) the views of the school community on the importance of school quality; (2) the role of school members in trying to achieve school quality; and (3) supporting factors for the school community in trying to achieve school quality