bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Rare Case of Facial Multiple Epidermal Cysts: Successfully Treated by Surgical Excision
Authors: Yu Qian , Wang Yanxian , Shi Yuling , Gu Jun
Published: November 2021

Background Epidermal cysts are common skin tumors that are composed of a keratinocytic cyst wall and central keratin material, which can occur anywhere in the body, especially on the face. However, there are no relevant reports of multiple epidermal cysts coexisting at the same location.Case presentation Here, we report one rare case of facial multiple epidermal cysts, who underwent sequential resection of all cysts. A 45-year-old male presented with facial multiple masses for over 2 years. Physical examination showed multiple cysts with varied sizes on the face. All cysts were smooth, dome-shaped, freely movable, and some of them were attached to the skin by a central pore. The histopathology revealed cysts in the dermis, the wall of which were composed of stratified squamous epithelium, and the cavity were filled with keratin. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed as facial multiple epidermal cysts.Conclusions This is the first well-documented case of multiple epidermal cysts on the face. We report this rare case to highlight that although epidermal cysts usually appear single, they may also appear multiple in the same location, especially in those patients with vigorous sebaceous gland function. Surgical excision is the first-line effective treatment for epidermal cysts.
Transforaminal and Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Llumbar Degenerative Diseases, which one is better: A meta-analysis Through a Ggrade Analysis of Evidence
Authors: tian aixian , ma xinlong , Ma jianxiong
Published: November 2021

BackgroundTo explore the efficacy and safety between posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases.MethodsWe searched the literature in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. The index words were posterior lumbar interbody fusion, PLIF, transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, TLIF, lumbar interbody fusion, spinal fusion, degenerative disc disease and lumbar degenerative diseases. Primary outcomes were fusion rate and complications. Secondary outcomes were visual analog scale (ΔVAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ΔODI), total blood loss, operation time and length of hospital stay. Review Manager 5.3 and Stata13.1 was used for the analysis of forest plots, heterogeneity, sensitivity and publication bias.Results17 studies were included (N=1562; PLIF, n=835; TLIF, n=727). The pooled data showed PLIF had a higher complications (P= 0.000), especially in nerve injury (p = 0.003) and dural tear (p = 0.005). PLIF required longer operation time (p = 0.004), more blood loss (p = 0.000) and hospital stays (p = 0.006). Surprisingly subgroup analysis showed there was significant difference in complications in patients under 55 (p = 0.000) and Asian countries (p = 0.000). No statistical difference was found between the two groups with regard to fusion rate (p = 0.593),ΔVAS (p = 0.364) andΔODI (p = 0.237).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis showed there were no significant difference in fusion rate, ΔVAS and ΔODI. However TLIF could reduce complications, especially nerve injury and dural tear. Besides, TLIF was associated with statistically significant less blood loss, shorter operation time and shorter length of hospital stay.
Short-Term Results of Percutaneous Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale Guided By Transoesophageal Echocardiography In Patients With Cryptogenic Stroke: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Guo Yilong , Shi Zhensu , Zheng Yin , Xie Caichan , Yi Jiao , Chen Zelun , Shu Yue , Zhou Dexing
Published: November 2021

Background: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a risk factor for cryptogenic stroke (CS), and interventional therapy for PFO can reduce the recurrence rate of CS. However, interventional therapies are primarily guided by X-ray imaging, and data on regular postsurgical follow-up with the transthoracic ultrasound foaming test (UFT) is rare. Thus, this study aimed to assess the short-term (12 months) results of PFO occlusion guided by transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and the results of regular UFTs.Methods: Clinical records, echocardiographic data, and UFT results of 75 patients who underwent interventional therapy for PFO and CS were retrospectively analysed. The patients were grouped according to their preoperative UFT results: group A (n=21), small volume of right-to-left shunts; group B (n=22), moderate volume of right-to-left shunts; and group C (n=32), large volume of right-to-left shunts. All patients were treated with an Amplatzer occluder under TEE guidance. UFT follow-up was conducted regularly until 12 months after surgery.Results: No significant differences in preoperative data, length of hospital stay, or operative time were noted between the groups (p>0.05). The length of the PFO and diameter of the occluder differed between the groups as follows: group A=group B<group C (p<0.001). One patient in group C developed recurrent stroke 11 months postoperatively. Two patients in group C developed atrial arrhythmia, which improved after 3 months of antiarrhythmic treatment. However, 19 patients still had positive UFT results 12 months postoperatively. Furthermore, the positive UFT rate 12 months postoperatively differed between the groups as follows: group A=group B<group C (p<0.05). A preoperative large-volume shunt was negatively associated with a negative UFT rate 12 months postoperatively (RR=0.255, p=0.003).Conclusions: In patients with PFO and CS, interventional therapy guided by TEE could lead to satisfactory short-term (12 months) outcomes. Although the positive UFT rate in our study gradually decreased, some patients still had positive UFT results 12 months postoperatively. Preoperatively, a large volume of right-to-left shunts and a longer PFO were two risk factors for positive UFT results postoperatively. Further studies are required to clarify the relationship between positive UFT results postoperatively and stroke recurrence.
The Impact of Seropositivity on Bone Mineral Density in Rheumatoid Arthritis - A 3-year Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Yu Shan-Fu , Chen Jia-Feng , Chen Ying-Chou , Wang Yu-Wei , Hsu Chung-Yuan , Lai Han-Ming , He Hsiao-Ru , Cheng Tien-Tsai
Published: November 2021

Background:To explore the impact of seropositivity on systemic bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods:This was an interim analysis of the RA registry. Clinical characteristics in the registry were documented, and bone mineral density (BMD) was measured; this was repeated 3 years later. Participants were grouped into seropositive (SPRA) and seronegative (SNRA) based on the presence or absence of rheumatoid factor (RF) and/or anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA). After matching (1:2) for age and sex, SNRA and SPRA were regrouped into A and B. To elucidate the impact of number of antibodies on BMD changes, the matched group was sub-divided according to the number of antibodies present (0, group I; 1, group II; 2, group III). The changes in BMD were compared for each group at baseline and 3 years later. Results:A total of 477 participants who completed a 3-year observation period were included. After matching, 312 participants were enrolled (group A, 104; group B, 208). Three years later, group B had significant bone loss in the femoral neck (FN) (p <0.001), total hip (TH) (p = 0.001), and 1st–4th lumbar vertebrae (L1–4) (p = 0.006), while group A has bone loss only at FN (p = 0.002). Groups I, II, and III included 104, 52, and 156 participants, respectively. Significant bone loss was recorded at FN (p = 0.002) in group I, FN (p <0.001) in group II, and FN (p <0.001), TH (p = 0.002), and L1–4 (p = 0.016) in group III. In terms of percent change in BMD (△BMD%), more significantly negative changes were found at TH in group B (p = 0.027) and within groups I-III (p for trend = 0.021). Logistic regression showed that seropositivity is a significant predictor of △BMD≧–5% at TH (odds ratio 1.85, 95% confidence interval 1.03-3.33, p = 0.039).Conclusions:SPRA lost more bone than SNRA after 3 years. More attention should be paid to SPRA patients, especially those with double-positive antibodies, with vigorous evaluation of BMD and fracture risk.
Feasability of Diaphragmatic Speckle Tracking In Intensive Care Units
Authors: Poette Michael , Crognier Laure , Vardon-Bounes Fanny , Ruiz Stéphanie , Georges Bernard , Seguin Thierry , Conil Jean-Marie , Lairez Olivier , Minville Vincent
Published: November 2021

Background: Diaphragmatic dysfunction is a common condition in intensive care units (ICU). Its presence correlates with prolonged weaning from mechanical ventilation and mortality. Diaphragmatic excursion (EXdi) and thickening fraction (TFdi) are the 2 main measures currently described in diaphragmatic ultrasound, but each has its limitations. Strain and strain rate are already used cardiac sonography and could be of interest in the assessment of diaphragmatic function in ICU. The aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of diaphragmatic strain and strain rate in ICU and to describe their distribution, reproducibility and agreement with existing parameters. Methods: All patients who underwent a T-tube weaning test were prospectively included. Ultrasound loops were recorded on each side of the patient during the last 30 minutes of the weaning test. Two operators measured strain, strain rate, EXdi, and TFdi blind to each other in post-treatment analysis. Results: Thirty patients were analyzed. The median values for strain and strain rate were -6.74% and -0.23.s-1 on the left side and -8.17% and -0.22.s-1 on the right side. Concerning strain and strain rate, intra-class coefficients showed systematically a very good reliability between operators. Conclusion: Diaphragmatic strain and strain rate measurements appeared feasible in an ICU environment and seemed reproducible and not strongly correlated with EXdi and TFdi. An improvement of the analysis software is needed to improve the ease of interpretation. The interest of these parameters in clinical practice should be explored in forthcoming studies.
Analysis of Left Ventricular Wall Shear Stress during Diastole in Normal Subjects by Vector Flow Mapping
Authors: Dong Li-ping , Wang Zhen-zhen , Li Hai-ru , Yu Wei-dong , tian jiawei
Published: November 2021

Objective To observe the diastolic wall shear stress (WSS) pattern of the left ventricle (LV) by using vector flow mapping (VFM) in normal subjects. Methods A total of 371 healthy volunteers were recruited into this study and divided into four age groups. The LV WSS was measured at each diastolic phase, and the mapping of WSS was analyzed. Results Among groups I, II and III, The absolute value of WSS of Anterolateral，Inferoseptal and Anterospetal segments in phase D1；WSS values of inferolateral，Inferoseptal and Anterospetal segments in phase D4 all showed an increasing trend with age. In terms of gender differences, In most cases，women had greater diastolic WSS values compared to men. For each age group, the log-transformed WSS value appeared the increasing-decreasing-increasing trend from phase D1 to D4, with a peak value at the rapid filling phase.Multivariate backward stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that the certain segments log-transformed WSS was independently related to conventional parameters in evaluating diastolic function（mitral lateral E/e', septal E/e', mitral lateral e', septal e' and LAVI）.Conclusions In diastolic period, segmental LV WSS shows a regular variation phenomenon and has specific age- and gender-related patterns in different diastolic phases. The mapping of WSS may help identify the diastolic hemodynamic changes or diastolic function phase by phase.
KIF11 Might be a Novel Biomarker for Bone Metastasis of Prostate Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Haoyuan , Li Sijie , Liu Bin , Wei Shufei , Wang Tianyi , Li Tao , Lin Jiahu , Zhang Aili , Ni Xiaochen
Published: November 2021

Background: A serious issue derived from Prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa) is its propensity to metastasize to bone, which occurred in up to 90% of patients with advanced PCa. The kinesin superfamily (KIFs) is well-documented oncogenic protein implicated mainly in chromosomal and spindle movements and are involved in some cellular activities, such as mitosis, transport of vesicles, organelles, and mRNAs. However, the clinical significance and biological roles of KIF in bone metastasis of PCa still need further exploration.Method: We download three datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data repository. Firstly, we merge the three datasets, and then obtain the gene modules most relevant with clinical traits(morbidity of the bone metastasis of PCa) by “WGCNA” R package. Functional enrichment analysis was performed by the DAVID tool and Metascape. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between bone metastasis of PCa and primary PCa tissue samples were identified by “limma” R package. Then we intersect the gene module with DEGs. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by Cytoscape, and hub genes were excavated. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) image was downloaded from The Human Protein Atlas (www.proteinatlas.org) to verify the feasibility of the target molecular marker identified by bioinformatics and statistical analysis.Result:16 gene modules were obtained through WGCNA analysis and the tan module is most related to the occurrence of bone metastasis, containing 147 genes. Thus, we selected the tan module for further analysis. 877 DEGs were detected by limma package of R software. After taking the intersection of the DEGs and tan module, we got 51 common genes. Protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed for the 51 genes. 7 hub genes (BUB1, KIF2C, RACGAP1, CENPE, KIF11, TTK, KIF20A) were identified from the common results of four different algorithms (Betweenness, Closeness, EcCentricity, and Radiality). Survival analysis based on disease free survival (DFS) was carried out for the 7 hub genes, and all of them have significant poor prognostic performance (P<0.05). And the bubble charts were plotted for functional annotation of the miRNA which can be the regulating factors of the hub genes. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed for screening the independent risk factors of the bone metastasis of PCa, and KIF11 was finally obtained. The immunohistochemical image of bone metastasis of PCa was obtained on the protein Atlas, which showed a strong positive expression of KIF11.Conclusion: In current study, molecules strongly correlated with the occurrence of bone metastasis of PCa were excavated. And provide the evidence that KIF11 may serve as a potential bone metastasis marker in PCa, which might be used for the guidance of clinical practice.
The Research of Small Wave Basis ANN Algorithm and 5-Class Decision Factor AI
Authors: Liu Xuepeng , Zhao Dongmei , Peng Yihang , Li Jianping
Published: November 2021

The accuracy and reliability of continuous space curve estimation is the key to global exploration. An improved artificial intelligence algorithm is proposed for the analysis of continuous space. First, small wave basis ANN algorithm is proposed to solve discretization strategy in continuous space: The hidden layer node transfer function in BP neural network is substituted with wavelet basis function, while the replaced BP neural network is composed of wavelet neural network. Secondly, improved wolf algorithm is set up. The core wolf system ensures the precision of whole exploration. Finally, the main and auxiliary double cores and five-class decision factor is used to establish a population classification model to solve the convergence of the algorithm.
Nutrition Information Sources Used By Amateur Bodybuilding Athletes Around Polokwane Municipality In Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Masoga Sylven
Published: November 2021

Background: There is a growing number of athletes participating in bodybuilding sport around the Limpopo Province. However, little is known about the nutrition information sources used by these athletes to guide their decisions during sports performance. Therefore, the researcher aimed at closing this gap through the investigation of nutrition information sources used by the bodybuilding athletes around one of the largest municipalities (Polokwane) in Limpopo Province. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study design was adopted to purposively sample 51 out of 60 amateur bodybuilding athletes in gyms around Polokwane municipality. Ethical approval and permission were obtained from the MEDUNSA Research and Ethics Committee (MREC) and coaches respectively. Athletes signed informed consent forms after the purpose of the study was explained. Data were collected at gyms in the evenings using self-designed questionnaires. The athletes’ demography, training information, and nutrition sources were collected. The SPSS (23) was used to analyse data using descriptive tests. Results: A Few athletes (11.8%) trained as bodybuilders for ≤6 months, while most athletes (66.7%) had been training for >7 months to 2 years. The majority (86.3%) trained for ≥1hour during weekdays. Most of the athletes (37.3%) relied on coaches as their source of information, while 29.4% and 29.3% relied on social media and teammates respectively. Only 4.0% used a professional for nutrition information. Conclusion: The bodybuilding athletes around Polokwane municipality mostly used coaches as sources for nutritional information.Trial registration: Not Applicable.
A Clinicopathologic Study of Malignancy in VCP-Associated Multisystem Proteinopathy
Authors: Shmara Alyaa , Murphy Kady , Perez-Rosendahl Mari , Kwon Ashley , Smith Charles , Kimonis Virginia
Published: November 2021

BackgroundValosin containing protein (VCP) is an important protein with many vital functions mostly related to the ubiquitin-proteasome system that provides protein quality control. VCP-associated inclusion body myopathy with Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD), also termed VCP disease and multisystem proteinopathy (MSP 1), is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by variants in the VCP gene on human chromosome 9. VCP has also been strongly involved in cancer, with over-activity of VCP found in several cancers such as prostate, pancreatic, endometrial, esophageal cancers and osteosarcoma. Since MSP1 is caused by gain of function variants in the VCP gene, our hypothesis is that we would find an increased tendency of developing malignancies amongst our patients. ResultsUpon surveying 106 families with confirmed VCP variants, we found increased incidence of unusual tumors including malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma and thymoma. Some of these cases developed cancer before displaying other classic VCP disease manifestations. We also present cases of common cancers; however, we did not find an increased incidence compared to the general population. This could be related to the early mortality associated with this disease. ConclusionThis is the first study that expands the phenotype of VCP disease to potentially include unusual cancers and highlights the importance of further investigation of the role of VCP in cancer development. The results of this study in VCP disease patients suggests that patients may be at an increased risk for unusual tumors.
Management of Pancreatic Trauma in Urban India: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Bavishi Devi , Khajanchi Monty , Prajapati Ramlal , Gadgil Anita , Sarang Bhakti , Soni Kapil Dev , Banker Amay , Moghe Dhanashree , Wärnberg Martin Gerdin
Published: November 2021

BackgroundPancreatic trauma occurs in 0.2-2% of patients with blunt trauma and 1–12% of patients with penetrating trauma. The mortality and morbidity rates range from 9-34% and 30-60% respectively. We aimed to review the management of pancreatic trauma in a multicenter database from India.MethodsWe analyzed all patients who suffered a pancreatic injury and who were included in the multicenter prospective observational study ‘Towards Improved Trauma Care Outcomes (TITCO)’.ResultsOf the 16047 trauma cases, 1134 (7.1%) patients suffered abdominal trauma. Of all those with abdominal trauma 55 patients (4.9%) had injury to the pancreas. 28 patients (50.9%) with pancreatic trauma were managed conservatively. 27 patients (49.1%) underwent surgical exploration in the form of laparotomies. 11 procedures were undertaken for pancreas. A total of 45 (82%) patients had associated injuries along with pancreatic injury. Thorax (19) (including injuries to lung, pleura and ribs), liver (17), bowel (14) and spleen (13) were the most common associated injuries.ConclusionConservative management was as common as operative management in patients with pancreatic injuries. Most (80%) grade III/IV underwent operative treatment. Many patients (82%) had associated injuries. Level of evidence: III
Juli
Authors: Huber Eugen
Published: November 2021

Briefe 64-93
Medo, ansiedade e odontalgia em pacientes atendidos em uma Clínica-Escola de Odontologia
Authors: Braga Maria Luísa de Assis , Almeida Aryadna Kelley Luz , Rocha Renata Andrea Salvitti de Sá , Costa Luciana Ellen Dantas , Queiroz Faldryene de Sousa
Published: November 2021

Introdução: O medo, a ansiedade e a odontalgia (“dor de dente”) interferem diretamente nos tratamentos odontológicos. Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil dos usuários e a prevalência e intensidade da odontalgia, ansiedade e medo relacionado ao tratamento odontológico de pacientes que procuraram atendimento na Clínica-escola de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande – UFCG. Metodologia: Os dados foram coletados no período de Julho a Setembro de 2018, por meio de entrevista direta aos pacientes, através de formulários semiestruturados e específicos: o Dental Fear Survey, Avaliação da Dor de Dente e Modified Dental Anxiety Scale. Os dados foram submetidos ao teste do Qui-quadrado, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 187 pacientes, sendo 71,1% do sexo feminino, 47,1% pardos e com idade média de 49,1 anos. Pôde-se observar que 85% dos pacientes já sentiram “dor de dente” na vida, classificada como “Intolerante” para a maioria e 32,1% sentiram dor nos últimos 6 meses. A maioria dos pacientes relataram não sentir ansiedade e medo frente ao tratamento odontológico. A odontalgia apresentou relação estatisticamente significante com a raça (p=0,016), enquanto a ansiedade com o sexo (p=0,022) e a raça (p=0,013). Conclusão: Constatou-se uma baixa prevalência de medo e ansiedade e alta prevalência de odontalgia. O sexo feminino e a raça branca apresentaram maiores prevalências de ansiedade ao tratamento.
Avaliação do nível de conhecimento de escolares do ensino médio sobre o câncer bucal
Authors: Chiba Fernando Yamamoto , Moimaz Suzely Adas Saliba , Garbin Cléa Adas Saliba , Saliba Tânia Adas , Rodrigues Marco Aurélio Borella , Sundefeld Maria Lúcia Marçal Mazza
Published: November 2021

O conhecimento da relação entre o câncer de boca e fatores relacionados ao estilo de vida, como o tabagismo, etilismo e a exposição solar são conhecidos na comunidade científica, entretanto, este conhecimento também deve ser disseminado nos diversos estratos da população. Objetivou-se avaliar o conhecimento de escolares do 3º ano do ensino médio de um município de médio porte do Estado de São Paulo sobre o câncer de boca. Método: Estudo transversal com 1012 escolares da rede pública de ensino de Araçatuba-SP, Brasil. Utilizou-se um questionário estruturado contendo questões sobre conhecimentos gerais; sintomatologia; fatores de risco; fatores de proteção; epidemiologia; prevenção e tratamento do câncer de boca. Os dados foram processados e analisados com auxílio do programa EpiInfo versão 7.2. A maioria dos alunos (93,9%) havia ouvido falar sobre o câncer de boca, entretanto, pouco mais da metade (60,1%) sabia que se trata de uma doença não transmissível. Apenas 61% consideraram o fumo como o principal fator de risco e somente 35,3% sabiam que a associação de fumo e álcool aumenta consideravelmente o risco de desenvolver a doença. Poucos escolares (39,2%) afirmaram ter conhecimento do autoexame de boca. O nível de conhecimento dos escolares sobre os fatores de risco e prevenção do câncer de boca foi baixo. O desconhecimento do autoexame é preocupante, pois esse procedimento pode contribuir para o diagnóstico precoce da doença, aumentando a sobrevida do paciente.
HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS IN DENTISTRY
Authors: Horzov Liudmyla F. , Нanhur Ivan Yu. , Sorokopud Ihor V. , Slobodyanyuk Anzhelika S.
Published: October 2021

The oral cavity is an ecological niche that is a constant source of opportunistic and pathogenic microorganisms, which in turn pose a risk of cross-contamination and can cause systemic infections. The purpose of the study was to analyze the literature on the occurrence of various infectious diseases associated with the provision of dental care, and to assess the risks of their cross-transmission on the basis of data available in the modern literature. Materials and methods. Extensive collection and analysis of literature data was conducted. In addition, a survey was conducted involving 14 doctors of University Dental Clinic, LLC on the basis of the dental faculty of Uzhhorod National University, 4 doctors of the Transcarpathian Regional Dental Clinic after signing informed consent for personal data processing using a self-developed questionnaire. Research results and their discussion. It has been established that dentists, like all healthcare professionals, face an identified risk of occupational exposure to pathogenic microorganisms such as HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), various types of bacteria, so they must ensure proper procedure technique to combat cross-infections. However, despite the high level of awareness, it has been found that practical steps to prevent them are still insufficient. Conclusions. All viruses and bacteria, including hepatitis B virus that poses the greatest risk of infection, can be transmitted to a patient or dental staff. Dentists must be fully aware of the risk of the spread of infectious agents and ensure effective procedure technique to control cross-infections.
Possible dangers of automation failures on board and measures to avoid the negative effects of these failures
Authors: E. Demirel
Published: November 2021

The first priority of the IMO (International Maritime Organization) is to ensure safety at sea. The ships are the critical elements of the shipping. The ships are the largest vehicles of the world and equipped with state of art management systems which are mostly furnished with highly automated systems. Any automated system failure may cause fatal accidents which hamper the human life, ship and environment as well as ports and terminals. Automated systems facilitate management of the ships and reduce manpower requirement. Unfortunately the seafarers assume these high technology products are very reliable and mostly neglects any possible failure on these systems. If we investigate seafarer’s education and training systems, curricula do not cover sufficient knowledge on operation principles and limitations of automated systems. This insufficiency negatively affects their counter actions in case of an automation failure which endangers safety of sea. The application of automation systems on board speedily pervades following the rapid technologic developments on merchant ships as well as on naval ships. That means automation failure will become rather important in the future. This study investigates possible reasons for automation failures and proposals to prevent it and reduce the negative effects of such incidents. Finally, it is intended to define measures covering automation failure versus human element on board.
Control of metabolic gases in hyperbaric chambers
Authors: T. Stanciu
Published: November 2021

Respiratory effort in hyperbaric conditions is increased, leading to an increase in the diver's respiratory flow, increased oxygen consumption, and consistent carbon dioxide production. The knowledge of these physical and physiological phenomena involved during the hyperbaric respiration was studied theoretically in collaboration with the "Ovidius" University of Constanta, Faculty of Medicine. They were verified by experimental determinations on groups of divers in the Diving Center hyperbaric complex.
Empirical analyzes of the causes for gender inequalities in the maritime profession
Authors: T. Madjarova
Published: November 2021

Based on the empirical research of a study with 401 respondents from different maritime domains the paper identifies some causes for gender inequalities in the seafaring profession. The study analyzes the physical and social obstacles for integrating female seafarers in the specific maritime environment.The results of the survey confirm that men and women differ in the attitudes they have for the working environment on a ship. The measurement scale used is reflected in the single-factor analysis. The conclusions contribute to the development of additional training courses for maritime universities to be prepared to give their students the necessary knowledge to reduce the gender differences in their future work on a ship.
The current state of safety onboard oil tankers
Authors: R. Bosneagu
Published: November 2021

Maritime safety is governed by a combination of international rules and regulations. Risk assessment onboard oil tankers involve identifying all the risk factors and quantifying their dimension. The loading/unloading operation on an oil tanker is one of the most dangerous maneuvers due to hazards, such as fuel pollution and fire. Loading a maritime oil tanker at a terminal is a complex activity, requiring a high degree of professional training and organization
Construction and applications of knowledge graph of porphyry copper deposits
Authors: Zhou Yongzhang , Zhang Qianlong , Shen Wenjie , Xiao Fan , Zhang Yanlong , Zhou Shiwu , Huang Yongjian , Ji Junjie , Tang Lei , Ouyang Chong
Published: November 2021

A knowledge graph is becoming popular due to its ability to describe the real world by using a graph language that can be understood by both humans and machines using computer technologies. A case study to construct the knowledge graph of porphyry copper deposits is presented in this paper. First of all, the raw text data is collected and integrated from selected porphyry copper deposits and porphyry-skarn copper deposits in the Qinzhou Bay – Hangzhou Bay metallogenic belt, South China. Second, the text's entities, relations, and attributes are labeled and extracted with reference to the conceptual model of porphyry copper deposits in the study area. The third, a knowledge graph of porphyry copper deposits, was constructed using Neo4j 4.3. The resulted knowledge graph of porphyry copper deposit has the basic functions of an application. Furthermore, as part of a planned integrated knowledge graph from a single deposit, through an upper-geared metallogenic series, to a high-top metallogenic province, the understanding from the present study may be extended to mineral resource prospectivity and assessment beyond today. The interrelationship between the earth system, the metallogenic system, the exploration system, and the prospectivity and assessment (ES-MS-ES-PS) should be completely understood, and a knowledge graph system for ES-MS-ES-PS is needed. The key scientific and technological problems for achieving the ES-MS-ES-PS knowledge graph system are included in the progressively relative system of the domain ontology and knowledge graph of ES-MS-ES-PS, the automatic construction technology of complicated ESMS-ES-PS domain ontology and knowledge graph, the self-evolution and complementary techniques for multi-modal correlation data embedding in the ES-MS-ES-PS knowledge graph, and the knowledge graph, big data mining and artificial intelligence based on ES-resource prospectivity, and assessment theory, and methods.
Dynamic modal control of unmanned vehicle movement in open pit mining
Authors: Chicherin I. V. , Fedosenkov B. A.
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to present a number of aspects in the modern concept of computer-aided dynamic modal control of unmanned quarry vehicles in open pit mining. In particular, the software and hardware module that is a part of the “Smart Quarry” global structure deals with the conditions of matching a form of specific current trajectories (their deviation to the left or right of the nominal axial trajectory) to information “trajectory” chirp signals. The study employs the methods of wavelet transforms to convert one-dimensional signals that generate unmanned vehicle current trajectories into the time-frequency distributions of Cohen’s class. The formation of unmanned vehicle current trajectories under their deviation to the left / right from the nominal axial trajectory on straight and curved routes is considered schematically. It is noted that the tracking of unmanned current trajectories on quarry routes is carried out taking into account the nature of trajectory signals. The difference between the introduced dynamic modal control of the unmanned vehicle and the static one is formulated. Some fragments displaying 1D-signals in a wavelet medium are introduced into the autonomous and external control subsystems. The computer-aided control system uses such elements of the wavelet transforms technique as Gabor wavelet functions, the wavelet matching pursuit algorithm, and Cohen’s class time-frequency distributions. The research results in formulating the criteria for forming the unmanned vehicle current trajectories by the control system in the form of its reactions to sporadic disturbances caused by the occurrence of static or dynamic obstacles on a route. The algorithm of dynamic modal control of current trajectories has been developed. The concept of forward and reverse transient processes of signals of unmanned vehicle trajectory deviation has been introduced. The estimation procedure of modal controller parameters has been described. The algorithm has been developed for modal controller matrix recalculation, which has the form of the chain of sequentially implemented matrix procedures. It should be noted in conclusion that a computer-aided system for modal control of current trajectory deviation has been developed on the basis of the performed research. It enables to implement the functions of controlling the dynamics of technological and safe movement of unmanned vehicles along the quarry routes in a conflict environment of open pit mining.
Scree formation on nonmining flank of an opencast and its impact on vegetation restoration
Authors: Galaida K. P. , Talgamer B. I.
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the conducted research is to study the regularities of scree formation and assess their impact on self-vegetation of disturbed lands after mining of building stone deposits. The processes of natural formation of scree have been studied, their layering and gravitational alignment have been determined, the factors causing pit bench collapse have been identified. Simulation of the scree formation process allowed to establish the dependence of rock spreading distance on bench height, bench slope angles, as well as on the weight of individual pieces. The slope bench angles with the largest and smallest rock spread distance were found. The simulation showed the influence of the slope bench angles and parameters of the scree formed at the foot of pit benches on the range of debris spread. Three distinct formation stages of scree at the foot of the benches are identified. The angles of transition from one stage of scree formation to another are determined. Recommendations are given to improve the conditions of self-vegetation and minimize the negative factor of scree formation. To form a layer of loose sediments on horizontal bench sites it is proposed to use rocks from scree, which can dramatically reduce the cost of reclamation rather than imported man-made mixture or potentially fertile soils. In order to increase self-vegetation intensity on the flanks of opencasts, it is recommended to increase the bench height and berm width without changing the design angle of the opencast flank slope. To reduce the adverse impact of scree formation on vegetation restoration on the sides at the bench foot, it is proposed to form a trench collecting falling rocks or a rockprotecting wall.
Pembentukan Usahawan Kraf Tangan Wanita di Malaysia: Peranan Sikap, Warisan Keluarga dan Pembudayaan Nilai Agama
Authors: Awang @ Mohd Noor Nor Hanim , Othman Norfatiha , Sa’at Nor Hayati
Published: November 2021

The participation of women in entrepreneurship plays a significant role in economic development especially in reducing unemployment, increasing production and consumption, achieving gender equality, social and cultural reforms. One of the dominant areas for women is batik and songket entrepreneurs who are synonymous with women on the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Studies have identified three key elements that contribute to the development of this craft entrepreneur, viz. attitude, business inheritance and religious value culture. Qualitative design methods based on case studies and in-depth interviews were used in this study on 12 informants in the state of Kelantan and Terengganu in Malaysia. The findings show that there are three main factors that cause the formation of women handicraft entrepreneurs, namely attitude, family heritage and religious values. Hence, all the factors that make up a female handicraft entrepreneur in Malaysia are discussed in this article. The findings imply that increasing women entrepreneurs in handicrafts can raise the quality of handicraft products into becoming the best tourism products in the East Coast.
Features of the course and eradication of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis: clinical case
Authors: Kondratyeva E. I. , Loshkova E. V. , Nikolaeva E. D. , Khachiyan M. M. , Yankina G. N.
Published: November 2021

Chronic lung infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa reduces respiratory function and life expectancy in people with cystic fibrosis. Up to 2/3 of hospitalized patients, have antibiotic-resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which presents significant difficulties in prescribing eradication antibiotic therapy, which in some cases is aggravated by undesirable side effects of antimicrobial chemotherapy. The nutritional status of patients with cystic fibrosis is directly related to the activity of chronic pulmonary infection and the frequency of pulmonary exacerbations. A clinical example discusses the tactics of prescribing an alternative inhaled antibiotic aztreonam lysine (Cayston (Aztreonam lysine), Gilead Sciences Inc.) active against carbapenemases, including metallobetalactamases, in a patient with multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The clinical case demonstrates the successful eradication of the multidrug-resistant biotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and, as a consequence, the improvement of respiratory function and nutritional status, including the normalization of the 25(OH)D level in the patient.
Selection of therapy in smoking patients with bronchial asthma
Authors: Peredelskaya M. Yu. , Nenasheva N. M. , Peredelskiy Yu. A. , Sebekina O. V.
Published: November 2021

Despite the evidence and logical fact that smoking and asthma are incompatible, many patients are smoke. The proportion of smokers among asthmatics is comparable to the proportion of smokers in the population. The proportion of smokers among asthmatics is comparable to the proportion of smokers in the population. Currently, the prevalence of tobacco use in the Russian Federation remains high at over 20%. In addition to active smoking, patients may be exposed to the negative effects of tobacco smoke through secondhand smoke. Smokers with asthma are more likely to have signs of poor disease control, and are more likely to seek exacerbation. However, a therapy strategy for them has not been worked out. For many randomized trials, patient smoking is the exclusion criterion, and therefore the effectiveness of a particular anti-asthma therapy in smokers is poorly understood. In addition, it is a known fact that smoking develops resistance to the main anti-asthma therapy, inhalation glucocorticosteroids. The article discusses the mechanism of exposure to tobacco smoke on lung tissue, the development of pathological processes under the influence of components of tobacco smoke and possible solutions to the problem. The mechanism of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects of various components of tobacco smoke. Particular attention is paid to the role of cysteinyl leukotrienes in the formation of inflammation in the lower respiratory tract in smoking patients with asthma and the possibility of treating these patients with leukotriene receptor antagonists. A review of studies conducted in patients with bronchial asthma and exposure to tobacco smoke in whom montelukast was used as therapy is presented. Provides information on the safety and side effects of the drug.
The effectiveness of combination of 7% hypertonic saline and 0.1% natrii hyaluronas in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who have suffered a new coronavirus infection
Authors: Titova O. N. , Kuzubova N. A. , Skliarova D. B. , Aleksandrov A. L. , Egorova N. V.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. New coronavirus infection (COVID-19) contributes to the aggravation of respiratory symptoms in patients with COPD, including affecting the intensity and nature of cough. Hypertonic solution (HS) has a positive effect on the rheological properties of sputum and mucociliary clearance. However, there are no studies in the available literature on the use of HS in patients who have undergone COVID-19.

Goal. To evaluate the effect of the combination of 7% hypertonic saline and 0.1% natrii hyaluronas on the intensity and productive nature of cough in patients with COPD who have undergone a new coronavirus infection and the safety of its use in this cohort of patients.

Materials and methods. 50 patients with severe COPD in remission who suffered a new coronavirus infection were examined. The rehabilitation stage of treatment was carried out in the conditions of the pulmonology department. From the moment of receiving the last negative PCR result for SARS-CoV-2 to admission to the hospital for rehabilitation, it took from 2 to 3 weeks. The duration of follow-up of patients was 10 days. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 25) – patients who received combination of 7% hypertonic saline and 0.1% natrii hyaluronas 7% by inhalation through a nebulizer; group 2 (n = 25) – patients who did not receive combination of 7% hypertonic saline and 0.1% natrii hyaluronas. The severity of cough was assessed (cough severity scale; shortness of breath, cough and sputum scale), clinical and biochemical blood tests, ECG, spirometry.

Results. In patients treated with combination of 7% hypertonic saline and 0.1% natrii hyaluronas, a significant decrease in the severity of cough, the amount of sputum was revealed. The tendency to reduce shortness of breath and improve the quality of life is determined. No serious adverse events were detected when using the drug.

Conclusions. The use of the combination of 7% hypertonic saline and 0.1% natrii hyaluronas in patients with COPD who have suffered a new coronavirus infection at the rehabilitation stage leads to a decrease in the intensity of cough and improved sputum discharge, which helps to reduce the severity of shortness of breath and improve the quality of life. The use of the drug is safe and does not lead to clinically significant adverse events.
The Influence of Self-Esteem and Peer Pressure on Career Choice of Adolescents in Greater Accra, Ghana
Authors: Abomah Peter Worlanyo
Published: November 2021

The study examined the influence of self-esteem and Peer pressure on the career choice of adolescents. The purpose was to determine the relationship between Peer pressure and career choice, the relationship between self-esteem and career choice, and compare the influence of self-esteem and Peer pressure on adolescent boys and girls. Cross-sectional and descriptive was the research design. Cluster sampling was used to select four schools, and stratified proportional, and simple random sampling was used to select 200 respondents. Rosenberg self-esteem, Peer pressure, and career decision scales were used to collect data from 200 Senior High School students in selected schools in the Greater Accra region Ghana. Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis were the statistical tools for the analysis of data. The results indicate that self-esteem positively correlates with the career choice of adolescents. Peer pressure positively correlates career choices of adolescents. There is no gender differences in Peer pressure and career choice of adolescents. Challenges of career choice among adolescents include the lack of career guidance, the influence of family, general indecisiveness, the desire to pursue a career that earns much, and the opinion of their peer concerning career choice.
Aplicação Híbrida com Redes Neurais Profundas e Algoritmo Genético para Previsão de Séries Temporais do Sistema de Energia Elétrica Brasileira
Authors: Conte Thiago Nicolau Magalhães de Souza , Conte Bruno Nicolau Magalhães de Souza , Oliveira Roberto Célio Limão
Published: November 2021

O cenário da energia elétrica no Brasil é influenciado por fatores complexos, além de possuir relações não lineares, o que dificulta sua previsibilidade. Para superar esse problema, propomos uma adaptação baseada na combinação de Redes Neurais Artificiais Profundas e Algoritmo Genético – AG para uso na previsão de algumas séries temporais do setor de energia elétrica brasileira. O AG usa um genótipo binário, de 53 bits, que busca o melhor número de camadas intermediárias, melhor número de células e modificações por Dropout para projetar a estrutura do Long Short Term Memory – LSTM e assim aprimorar a predição. Simulações foram realizadas para verificar o desempenho do método proposto em conjuntos de dados do mundo real: Preço de Liquidação das Diferenças e Velocidade do Vento de aerogeradores do Nordeste do Brasil. Verificou-se que a combinação do AG e LSTM tem melhores predições, em comparação com modelo Perceptron Multicamadas – MLP. Esses resultados mostram que, a abordagem é de grande utilidade para aprimorar e consolidar práticas voltadas para regulação de setor elétrico com o uso do PLD, e também para conversão da energia eólica para energia elétrica.
Evolutionary Convolutional Neural Network: a case study
Authors: Pereira Amanda Lucas , Kohler Manoela , Pacheco Marco Aurélio C.
Published: November 2021

Most of the state-of-the-art Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures are manually crafted by experts, usually with background knowledge from extent working experience in this research field. Therefore, this manner of designing CNNs is highly limited and many approaches have been developed to try to make this procedure more automatic. This paper presents a case study in tackling the architecture search problem by using a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to optimize an existing CNN Architecture. The proposed methodology uses VGG-16 convolutional blocks as its building blocks and each individual from the GA corresponds to a possible model built from these blocks with varying filter sizes, keeping fixed the original network architecture connections. The selection of the fittest individuals are done according to their weighted F1-Score when training from scratch on the available data. To evaluate the best individual found from the proposed methodology, the performance is compared to a VGG-16 model trained from scratch on the same data.