bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nucleation and Growth of Gold Nanoparticles on a Poly5Aphen-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode from a Deep Eutectic Solvent
Authors: Godoy Colin Estefania , Corona-Avendaño Silvia , Romero Romo Mario Alberto , Aldana Jorge , López-Yañez Adrián , Ramirez-Silva Maria Teresa , Palomar-Pardavé Manuel
Published: February 2023

In this work, the mechanism of nucleation and growth of gold was studied on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with poly-5-Amino-1-10 phenanthroline (Poly5Aphen), from Au (III) ions, dissolved in a deep eutectic solvent (DES). For which, electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (VC) and chronoamperometry (CA) were used. The analysis of the results of the potentiostatic electrochemical tests showed that the Au nucleation and growth mechanism on the GCE/Poly5Aphen electrode fits a theoretical model of 3D nucleation limited by diffusion and by the reduction of residual water present in the electrode (1). In addition, the potentiostatic current density transients recorded during gold electrodeposition on the modified electrode (GCE/Poly5Aphen), when presented in their dimensionless form I2/ I2
m
vs t /tm
and compared with the theoretical models described by Scharifker and Hills (2), the experimental data did not fit the progressive or instantaneous nucleation models, presenting particularly large deviations for >1.4.
Validation of a Galvanic Corrosion Model in a Dynamic Electrolyte Droplet Environment
Authors: Silva Brandon , Ruiz Allan , Vega Jesús , García-Lecina Eva , Genesca Juan , Montoya Rodrigo
Published: February 2023

The galvanic couple AA2024/Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) has been studied numerically and experimentally in a dynamic electrolyte droplet. As an electrolyte, a NaCl droplet (0.6 M initial concentration) was used at a controlled temperature (24.5°C) and relative humidity (83.5%). The evaporation of the electrolyte was monitored for 24 hours using a Scanning Kelvin Probe (SKP), simulating atmospheric corrosion phenomena. The electrochemical potential and droplet height were constantly monitored. Geometry, temperature, potential, aluminum corrosion products, pH fields, and electrochemical and physicochemical boundary conditions were all considered by finite element analysis. The experimental and numerical results showed strong correlations.
A Holistic Presentation of 3-Electrode Potentiostat Measurement Data: The Hexa-Region Plot
Authors: Siegl Inge , Sailer Norbert , Christoph
Published: February 2023

There is no good practice to present compliance voltage data generated during a 3-electrode potentiostatic measurement. As a result engineers are sometimes unaware about the electrical requirements their sensor or cell actually inhibits. This paper proposes a method to display all electrical information in a compact manner. Introduction of a six region voltage plot with the cell current plotted in the third dimension achieves a holistic potentiostat data presentation. The proposed method exposes compliance voltage demands, fosters understanding of a sensor's electric behavior, allows to contrast potentiostat capabilities and most importantly makes results comparable across potentiostat platforms.
Effect of the Combination of Restorative Material and the Etching Protocol in Enamel Microleakage in Class II Cavities after Thermocycling
Authors: Dutra Natalia Menezes Santana , Baroudi Kusai , Silva Aline Spagnol Fedoce , Laxe Laísa Araujo Cortines , da Silva Concilio Laís Regiane , Tribst João Paulo Mendes , Salvio Luciana Andrea
Published: February 2023

This study is aimed at evaluating the marginal microleakage of bulk‐fill class II restorations after thermocycling. Thirty‐two human third molars received class II cavities prepared on mesial and distal faces. The cavities were bonded according to the adhesive protocol (total or self‐etching). The cavities were then restored with composite and divided into 8 groups based on the composite combination: layering technique with Filtek Z350XT (G1 and G5), first layer with Filtek Z350 XT Flowable Restorative and then Filtek Z350XT (G2 and G6), bulk‐fill technique with Filtek One Bulk Fill (G3 and G7), and first layer with Filtek One Bulk Fill Flow and Filtek Z350 XT (G4 and G8). The restorations were then subjected to thermocycling (2000 cycles, 5°C and 55°C, dwell time of 30 s). After aging, the restored teeth were immersed in methylene blue for 48 hours. The restorations (n = 32) were sectioned in the middle (two sections). The microleakage results were analyzed by two‐way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (α = 0.05). The groups did not differ statistically from each other in terms of marginal microleakage (p = 0.295). It can be concluded that there is no difference in the percentage of microleakage between conventional and bulk‐fill resins on both consistencies, as well as there is also no statistically significant difference when the adhesive system is used in a conventional or self‐etching mode.
Effects of a Rehabilitation Program Combined with Pain Management That Targets Pain Perception and Activity Avoidance in Older Patients with Acute Vertebral Compression Fracture: a Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Kataoka Hideki , Hirase Tatsuya , Goto Kyo , Nomoto Yutaro , Kondo Yutaro , Nakagawa Koichi , Yamashita Junichiro , Morita Kaoru , Honda Yuichiro , Sakamoto Junya , Okita Minoru
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effect of a rehabilitation program combined with pain management targeting pain perception and activity avoidance on multifaceted outcomes in older patients with acute vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). We randomised 65 older adults with acute VCFs to either an intervention group (n = 32), involving usual rehabilitation combined with pain management that targeted pain perception and activity avoidance, or a control group (n = 33), involving only usual rehabilitation. The usual rehabilitation was initiated immediately after admission. All patients were treated conservatively. Pain management aimed to improve the patients’ daily behaviour by increasing their daily activities despite pain, rather than by focusing on eliminating the pain. Pain intensity and psychological statuses such as depression, pain catastrophising, and physical activity levels were assessed on admission. Two weeks postadmission and at discharge, physical performance measures were assessed along with the above-given measurements. A significant main effect of the group was observed for the intensity of lower back pain, favouring the intervention group (F = 5.135,

p
=
0.027

). At discharge, it was significantly better in the intervention group than in the control group (

p
=
0.011

). A time-by-group interaction emerged for magnification of the pain catastrophising scale (

p
=
0.012

), physical activity levels (

p
<
0.001

), and six-minute walking distance (

p
=
0.006

), all favouring the intervention group. Rehabilitation programs combined with pain management targeting pain perception and activity avoidance could be an effective conservative treatment for older patients with acute VCFs.
Transfer Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Energy Management Strategy for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Heavy-Duty Trucks under Segmented Usage Scenarios
Authors: Han Qi , Zhao Xuan , Ma Jian , Wang Shu , Zhang Kai , Chai Hua , Yang Yuzhou , Zheng Zichen
Published: February 2023

Energy management strategy (EMS) is a way to reduce the energy consumption of hybrid power systems. This article proposes a unique deep reinforcement learning- (DRL-) based EMS for plug-in hybrid electric heavy-duty trucks (PHETs), combining driving cycle pattern recognition (DPR) and deep transfer learning (DTL). The proposed EMS can cope well with the complex usage scenarios of PHETs and the difficulty of generating EMS. While ensuring the minimum overall driving cost, the strategy can improve the convergence speed of the DRL method and the generalizability under segmented usage scenarios. Firstly, representative driving cycles that reflect different usage scenarios are constructed based on a naturalistic data-driven method. Secondly, a plug-in hybrid electric heavy-duty truck (PHET) driving pattern recognizer based on a learning vector quantization neural network (LVQ) is built. Thirdly, the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm is innovatively combined with the DTL algorithm. The pretrained neural network in the corresponding usage scenarios is transferred to the natural driving cycles based on DTL. Moreover, the proposed EMS gives an emphasized consciousness on the battery degradation cost. Finally, the strategy is tested under natural driving cycles in different usage scenarios and proven through comparison with the current state-of-the-art techniques, deep reinforcement learning-based strategy, and dynamic programming (DP). The results show that the proposed strategy outperforms existing cutting-edge deep reinforcement learning techniques in terms of convergence speed, battery life extension, fuel consumption, and overall driving cost reduction. The proposed control strategy can improve the convergence speed by nearly 50%, while effectively extending the battery life and reducing the overall driving cost compared to the existing state-of-the-art strategies. The battery degradation rate is reduced by 48.46%, 57.95%, and 36.99%, and the driving cost is reduced by 17.76%, 8.51%, and 7.12%, respectively, under each usage scenario.
Display Design Model Based on the Internet of Things Prototype System
Authors: Wang Pingshan , Yan Fei
Published: February 2023

The display design of the Internet of Things prototype system is the top priority of the design of the display space, and it is also a problem to be studied in the future development of the display space. However, the current research on the display design direction of IoT prototype system is not deep enough. This article mainly studies the display design model based on the Internet of Things prototype system. This article mainly uses the related technology of IoT heterogeneous protocol to analyze the structure of the IoT prototype system and proposes to use the heterogeneous network to speculate the future development trend of the IoT. In the aspect of display design, applications such as network information retrieval and data mining at the level of missions are accelerated in depth so that the arrangement of multiple factors is more reasonable. Finally, the data conversion function is used to design each port in the IoT accessor architecture. The protocol is adapted and converted, and the parsed protocol is uniformly encapsulated and uniformly transmitted on the platform. The model in this article integrates various heterogeneous detection networks, realizes the standardized operation of top-level applications, and completes the decoupling of top-level applications. It is encapsulated in a unified protocol and meets the standard operation requirements of web applications. The experimental data in this article show that the frequency of the audio signal designed by the system under normal working conditions is mostly concentrated at about 180 Hz, and the highest frequency value is less than 800 Hz; when the system has a partial discharge failure, the frequency of the audio signal is mostly concentrated between 1400 Hz and 1800 Hz. The experimental results of this article show that the prototype system of the Internet of Things can identify and judge the state of the display design model. Applying it in practice can effectively solve practical problems such as large-scale data storage of the Internet of Things.
Modified Rheological Model for Deep‐Buried Silty Mudstone and Support Time Analysis Application
Authors: Hu Ankui , Zhou Shuai , Wu Mengkun , Liu Xiaohui , Zhao Rui
Published: February 2023

The rheological properties of soft rocks should be considered in the long‐term design and maintenance of deep‐buried tunnels using uniaxial single‐stage loading and graded incremental cyclic‐loading methods. In this article, creep tests were performed on deep‐buried silty mudstone from a specific water conveyance tunnel in China, with a buried depth in the range of 1650–2320 m and subjected to high in situ stress. The creep curves of silty mudstone under different loading stresses were obtained, showing evident rheological mechanical behavior under complicated external environmental conditions. Based on the classic Burgers rheological model, a new nonlinear creep model was established based on the creep properties of deep‐buried silty mudstone in the project area. Typically, the designated rheological models for certain projects are unsuitable or inadequate. A nonlinear dashpot was calculated using the Levenberg–Marquardt (L–M) method coupled with origin to account for the deterioration trend in the strength of the silty mudstone over time. With the determined parameters, the modified Burgers model exhibited good qualitative consistency with field monitoring data. The user‐defined material mechanical behavior (UMAT) subroutine of the modified Burgers model was successfully achieved after it was implemented in the numerical code ABAQUS. Based on the full‐rheological effect, the proper supporting time of a deep‐buried tunnel was studied, and it was proposed that a second lining should be cast in situ approximately 150 days after the excavation of the tunnel. The outcomes of the proposed modified rheological model can accurately represent the creep behavior of deep‐buried silty mudstones in a specific engineering instance. The research results can provide a basis for the rheological behavior and supporting time of deep‐buried silty mudstone.
PW06 Triggered Fas-FADD to Induce Apoptotic Cell Death In Human Pancreatic Carcinoma MIA PaCa-2 Cells through the Activation of the Caspase-Mediated Pathway
Authors: Huang Yi-Ping , Hsia Te-Chun , Yeh Chun-An , Ma Yi-Shih , Hsu Sheng-Yao , Liu Yi-Chung , Lyu Ping-Chiang , Lai Kuang-Chi , Peng Shu-Fen , Lien Jin-Cherng , Hsieh Wen-Tsong
Published: February 2023

Pancreatic cancer has higher incidence and mortality rates worldwide. PW06 [(E)-3-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one] is a carbazole derivative containing chalcone moiety which was designed for inhibiting tumorigenesis in human pancreatic cancer. This study is aimed at investigating PW06-induced anticancer effects in human pancreatic cancer MIA PaCa-2 cells in vitro. The results showed PW06 potent antiproliferative/cytotoxic activities and induced cell morphological changes in a human pancreatic cancer cell line (MIA PaCa-2), and these effects are concentration-dependent (IC50 is 0.43 μM). Annexin V and DAPI staining assays indicated that PW06 induced apoptotic cell death and DNA condensation. Western blotting indicated that PW06 increased the proapoptotic proteins such as Bak and Bad but decreased the antiapoptotic protein such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Moreover, PW06 increased the active form of caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-3, PARP, releasing cytochrome c, AIF, and Endo G from mitochondria in MIA PaCa-2 cells. Confocal laser microscopy assay also confirmed that PW06 increased Bak and decreased Bcl-xL. Also, the cells were pretreated with inhibitors of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 and then were treated with PW06, resulting in increased viable cell number compared to PW06 treated only. Furthermore, PW06 showed a potent binding ability with hydrophobic interactions in the core site of the Fas-Fas death domains (FADD). In conclusion, PW06 can potent binding ability to the Fas-FADD which led to antiproliferative, cytotoxic activities, and apoptosis induction accompanied by the caspase-dependent and mitochondria-dependent pathways in human pancreatic cancer MIA PaCa-2 cells.
Supersonically Sprayed Carbon-Coated Bimetallic Zn2SnO4 with Reduced Graphene Oxide for Rapid-Charging, Binder-Free, and Long-Term-Stable Lithium-Ion-Battery Anodes
Authors: Park Chanwoo , Joshi Bhavana , Samuel Edmund , Jang Kwangjin , Lee Hae-Seok , Yoon Sam S.
Published: February 2023

High capacity, rapid-charging, and long-term recyclability are the essential characteristics of high-performance lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrodes, which are particularly important in the electric vehicle industry. Bimetallic Zn2SnO4 nanoparticles wrapped in carbon shells were supersonically sprayed with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets to fabricate rapid-charging, binder-free, and long-term-stable LIB anodes. The fabricated Zn2SnO4/C@rGO composite exhibited high capacity retention and specific capacity over a wide range of current densities. Zn2SnO4 was first reduced to metal oxides (ZnO and SnO2) and then to metals (Zn and Sn) during the lithiation process. The reduced metals were successively alloyed with Li+ ions, which in turn formed LiZn and LiSn. These cyclic conversions and alloying processes enhanced the performance of the LIBs, resulting in a high capacity of 1126 mAh⋅g-1 after 400 cycles at a high current density of 1000 mA·g-1; such high performance indicates the rapid-charging capability of the fabricated LIB anodes. The agglomeration of identical oxide particles was reduced during the long-term cycling process by introducing bimetallic Zn2SnO4, which was reduced to ZnO and SnO2 in the first cycle. Metal formation through the conversion and subsequent alloying processes caused the pulverization of ZnO and SnO2, whose mixture favorably alleviated agglomeration of identical oxides owing to the distinct grain boundaries of ZnO and SnO2. In addition, ZnO and SnO2 particles were confined within a carbon shell, which originated from the introduction of polyvinylpyrrolidone. The carbon shell further alleviated the particle agglomeration for Zn2SnO4/C@rGO, which is identified as the optimal case, yielding a capacity retention of 106% for the first reversible capacity at a current density of 1000 mA⋅g-1 after 400 cycles.
Linggui Qihua Decoction Inhibits Atrial Fibrosis by Regulating TGF‐β1/Smad2/3 Signal Pathway
Authors: Xiong Shuang , Shi Yujiao , Liu Jiangang , Liu Chunqiu , Yang Lin , Yang Chenguang , Dong Guoju
Published: February 2023

Myocardial fibrosis is a critical factor in the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Linggui Qihua decoction (LGQHD) is an experienced formula, which has been proven to be effective on HFpEF in clinical and in experiments. Objective. This study aimed to observe the effect of LGQHD on HFpEF and its underlying mechanism. Methods. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were induced with high‐glucose and high‐fat to establish HFpEF models and were treated with LGQHD for 8 weeks. The heart structure was detected by echocardiography, and the histopathological changes of the myocardium were observed by hematoxylin‐eosin (HE) and Masson staining. Reverse transcription PCR (RT‐PCR) and western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expression of the target gene in rat myocardium. Results. In this study, LGQHD improved cardiac morphology and atrial fibrosis in HfpEF rats, decreased tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐1 (TIMP‐1) mRNA expression, up‐regulated matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) mRNA expression, and inhibited the expression of angiotensin II (Ang II), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1), Smad2/3 mRNA, and protein in myocardial tissue of HFpEF rats. Conclusion. LGQHD can suppress atrial fibrosis in HFpEF by modulating the TGF‐β1/Smad2/3 pathway.
Tiao‐Bu‐Fei‐Shen Formula Improves Glucocorticoid Resistance of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease via Downregulating the PI3K‐Akt Signaling Pathway and Promoting GRα Expression
Authors: Zhou Pengcheng , Ma Jianli , Yu Wei , Chen Keling , Zhang Wensheng , Zhou Jiang
Published: February 2023

Objective. To predict and determine the mechanism through which Tiao‐Bu‐Fei‐Shen (TBFS) formula improves glucocorticoid resistance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), using network pharmacology, molecular docking technology, and in vitro studies. Methods. The main active components and associated targets of TBFS were screened using the systems pharmacology database of traditional Chinese medicine database (TCMSP). The main COPD targets were retrieved from the Human Gene (GeneCards) and DrugBank databases. A protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the protein interaction platform STRING and Cytoscape 3.6.1. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome Pathway (KEGG) analyses were performed using the biological information annotation database Metascape. Molecular docking was performed using the AutoDock Vina software. THP‐1 monocytes were treated with TBFS‐containing serum and cigarette smoke extract (CSE) for 48 h, and cell proliferation in each group was determined using cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8). A COPD cell model was constructed by stimulating THP‐1 monocytes with CSE for 12 h. A lentivirus vector for RNA interference of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) gene was constructed and transfected into the THP‐1 monocytes, and the transfection efficiency was verified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting (WB). The expression of HDAC2 in each group of cells was detected using qPCR, and the expression of HDAC2, phosphoinositide‐3 kinase (PI3K) p85α, glucocorticoid receptor α (GRα), and P‐AKT1 in each group of cells was detected through WB. Results. A total of 344 TBFS active components, 249 related drug targets, 1,171 COPD target proteins, and 138 drug and disease intersection targets were obtained. Visual analysis of the PPI network map revealed that the core COPD targets of TBFS were AKT1, IL‐6, TNF, TP53, and IL1‐β. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis resulted in the identification of 20 signaling pathways as the main pathways involved in the action of TBFS against COPD, including the PI3K‐Akt, TNF, and IL‐17 signaling pathways. Molecular docking experiments revealed a strong binding capacity of kaempferol, luteolin, and quercetin to the ATK1 protein in TBFS, with quercetin performing the best. PCR results showed that treatment with TBFS significantly increased the expression levels of HDAC2 in the COPD model. WB results showed that TBFS treatment significantly increased the expression levels of GRα and HDAC2 in the COPD model, while reducing the expression levels of P‐AKT1. Conclusion. TBFS treatment improves glucocorticoid resistance observed in COPD through downregulation of the PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway and promotion of GRα expression.
Ferroptosis in Rat Lung Tissue during Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury: Protection of Qingyi Decoction
Authors: Ge Peng , Luo Yalan , Yang Qi , Wen Haiyun , Liu Jin , Zhang Yibo , Dong Xuanchi , Zhang Guixin , Xu Caiming , Liu Jing , Liu Zheyi , Chen Hailong
Published: February 2023

Qingyi decoction (QYD) has anti-inflammatory pharmacological properties and substantial therapeutic benefits on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in clinical practice. However, its protective mechanism against SAP-associated acute lung injury (ALI) remains unclear. In this study, we screened the active ingredients of QYD from the perspective of network pharmacology to identify its core targets and signaling pathways against SAP-associated ALI. Rescue experiments were used to determine the relationship between QYD and ferroptosis. Then, metabolomics and 16s rDNA sequencing were used to identify differential metabolites and microbes in lung tissue. Correlation analysis was utilized to explore the relationship between core targets, signaling pathways, metabolic phenotypes, and microbial flora, sorting out the potential molecular network of QYD against SAP-associated lung ALI. Inflammatory damage was caused by SAP in the rat lung. QYD could effectively alleviate lung injury, improve respiratory function, and significantly reduce serum inflammatory factor levels in SAP rats. Network pharmacology and molecular docking identified three key targets: ALDH2, AnxA1, and ICAM-1. Mechanistically, QYD may inhibit ferroptosis by promoting the ALDH2 expression and suppress neutrophil infiltration by blocking the cleavage of intact AnxA1 and downregulating ICAM-1 expression. Ferroptosis activator counteracts the pulmonary protective effect of QYD in SAP rats. In addition, seven significant differential metabolites were identified in lung tissues. QYD relatively improved the lung microbiome’s abundance in SAP rats. Further correlation analysis determined the correlation between ferroptosis, differential metabolites, and differential microbes. In this work, the network pharmacology, metabolomics, and 16s rDNA sequencing were integrated to uncover the mechanism of QYD against SAP-associated ALI. This novel integrated method may play an important role in future research on traditional Chinese medicine.
Novel Cuproptosis-Related Gene Signature for Precise Identification of High-Risk Populations in Low-Grade Gliomas
Authors: Chen Ping , Han Hailing , Wang Xuejie , Wang Bing , Wang Zhanfeng
Published: February 2023

Background. Patients with low-grade glioma (LGG) have wildly varying average lifespans. However, no effective way exists for identifying LGG patients at high risk. Cuproptosis is a recently described form of cell death associated with the abnormal aggregation of lipid acylated proteins. Few investigations have been conducted on cuproptosis-associated genes and LGG thus far. The purpose of this research is to establish a predictive model for cuproptosis-related genes in order to recognise LGG populations at high risk. Methods. We analyzed 926 LGGs from 2 public datasets, all of which were RNA sequencing datasets. On the basis of immune scores, the LGG population was split into different risk categories with X-tile. LASSO and Cox regressions were employed to filter cuproptosis-associated genes and construct prediction models. The accuracy of the predictive models was measured by using TCGA internal validation set and the CGGA external validation set. In addition, LGG immune cell infiltration was viewed using CIBERSORT and ssGSEA algorithms and correlation analysis was done with cuproptosis-related genes. Finally, immune escape capacity in LGG low- and high-risk groups was evaluated using the TIDE method. Results. The prediction model constructed by four cuproptosis-related genes was used to identify high-risk populations in LGG. It performed well in training and all validation sets (AUC values: 0.915, 0.894, and 0.774). Meanwhile, we found that FDX1 and ATP7A in the four cuproptosis-related genes were positively correlated with immune response, while GCSH and ATP7B were opposite. In addition, the high immune score group had a lower TIDE score, indicating that their immune escape capacity was weak. Conclusion. High-risk individuals in LGG can be reliably identified by the model based on cuproptosis-related genes. Furthermore, cuproptosis is closely related to tumor immune microenvironment, which gives a novel approach to treating LGG.
Short-Term PV Power Forecasting Using a Hybrid TVF-EMD-ELM Strategy
Authors: Khelifi Reski , Guermoui Mawloud , Rabehi Abdelaziz , Taallah Ayoub , Zoukel Abdelhalim , Ghoneim Sherif S. M. , Bajaj Mohit , AboRas Kareem M. , Zaitsev Ievgen
Published: February 2023

This paper discusses the efficient implementation of a new hybrid approach to forecasting short-term PV power production for four different PV plants in Algeria. The developed model incorporates a time-varying filter-empirical mode decomposition (TVF-EMD) and an extreme learning machine (ELM) as an essence regression. The TVF-EMD technique is used to deal with the fluctuation of PV power data by splitting it into a series of more stable and constant subseries. The specified set of features (intrinsic mode functions (IMFs)) is utilized for training and improving our forecasting extreme learning machine model. The adjusted ELM model is used to evaluate prediction efficiency. The suggested TVF-EMD-ELM model is assessed and verified in various Algerian locations with varying climate conditions. In all examined regions, the TVF-EMD-ELM model generates less than 4% error in terms of normalized root mean square error (nRMSE).
Biogenic Synthesis of High-Performance α-MoO3 Nanoparticles from Tryptophan Derivatives for Antimicrobial Agents and Electrode Materials of Supercapacitors
Authors: Nunna Guru Prakash , Siddarapu Himagirish Kumar , Nimmagadda Venkata Vijaya Jyothi , Obili Mahammad Hussain , Ko Tae Jo , Lim Jiseok , Choi Jungwook
Published: February 2023

Molybdenum trioxide nanoparticles (MoO3 NPs) are recognized for their applications in novel multifunctional devices. Here, a biogenic, environmentally friendly method using Lepidagathis cristata leaf extract was employed to synthesize MoO3 NPs. The as-obtained MoO3 NPs exhibited a predominant (0 k0) orientation, representing an α-MoO3 structure. The absorption band at 984 cm-1 observed in the Fourier-transform infrared spectrum corresponded to the terminal Mo = O bond, thereby confirming that the prepared MoO3 NPs were in the orthorhombic phase. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy data revealed that the MoO3 NPs were well crystallized and uniformly distributed with grain sizes in the 70-100 nm range. The biogenic MoO3 NPs demonstrated an excellent zone of inhibition against the selected Gram -ve and Gram +ve bacterial strains, thus providing an alternative to standard antibacterial agents. During electrochemical experiments conducted in a 1 M aqueous Na2SO4 solution, cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves of the MoO3 NPs showed a pseudocapacitive nature, with a high discharge specific capacitance of 294 F/g and good cyclability. These results suggest the feasibility of the proposed biogenic, environmentally friendly method for preparing MoO3 NPs for application in multifunctional devices.
Preliminary Test of Gas Wave Ejector in Coalbed Methane Well Site and Impact Analysis of Fluid Medium Characteristics on Its Pressure Port Design
Authors: Zhao Yiming , Hu Dapeng , Yu Yang , Li Haoran , Feng Qing
Published: February 2023

Gas wave ejector (GWE) is an efficient energy conversion device which can recover and utilize excess pressure energy of high pressure fluid. It has significant application value in the sustainable development of energy resources, including the exploitation and transportation of natural gas. The first practical application test of GWE in the natural gas industry is completed in this study. The mechanisms and regulations of the effect of actual gas properties on the pressure port design of GWE were also investigated. The primary conclusions are as follows: the composition of working medium significantly affects the propagation velocity of pressure waves. The wave propagation velocity increases as methane purity (φCH4) rises. The equipment efficiency was decreased by up to 23% of the optimal value as a result of the variation in port position brought on by the increase in φCH4 from 0.7 to 1.0. The variation of working pressure ratio has a greater impact on the device performance than the pressure value when the pressure port design kept unchanged. The intake temperature fluctuation in the range of -30°C to 50°C has no obvious influence on the ideal port design. In the coal-bed methane well site industrial test, GWE accomplishes a recovery of low-pressure well by roughly

8.83
×

10

3

 
N

m

3

/
d

, demonstrating its excellent ejection capacity. In addition, the variable speed test conducted under different working conditions shows that the equipment performance can be effectively enhanced by adjusting the rotation speed as the equipment structure remains unchanged with the changing working pressure/pressure ratio. In the field test range of this study, the increase of equipment ejection rate obtained by speed adjustment can rise up to 12% of the corresponding value at the designed rotation speed.
Potential Effect of Giant Freshwater Prawn Shell Nano Chitosan in Inhibiting the Development of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis Biofilm In Vitro
Authors: Haniastuti Tetiana , Puspasari Tira Aisah , Hakim Enggardini Rachma , Tandelilin Regina TC.
Published: February 2023

An oral biofilm comprises a variety of bacteria including Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis that cause human infections, such as caries and periodontitis. Thus, biofilm management plays an important part in the prevention and treatment of oral diseases. Nano chitosan is a bioactive material that has antimicrobial activities. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of nano chitosan synthesized from giant freshwater prawn shells (PSNC) on S. mutans and S. sanguinis biofilm development. PSNC was prepared from the extracted chitosan of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) shells using the ionic gelation method. The effect of PSNC on S. mutans ATCC 25175 and S. sanguinis ATCC10556 biofilm formation was evaluated using the crystal violet assay. Both bacteria were inoculated in the presence of various concentrations (5, 2.5, and 1.25 mg/ml) of PSNC for 24 h and 48 h. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy were performed to visualize and study the biofilm architectural features. The biofilms were stained with the BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit prior to CLSM observation to monitor the viability of the biofilm. The results showed that PSNC exposure for 24 h and 48 h inhibited the formation of S. mutans and S. sanguinis biofilms. The biofilm formation inhibition percentage increased with an increase in the PSNC concentration (

p
<
0.05

). The highest inhibitory activity was shown at 5 mg/ml PSNC (

p
<
0.05

). Those findings were confirmed by the subsequent findings using the CLSM and SEM analyses. The biofilm architecture was strongly disrupted upon treatment with PSNC. After exposure to 5 mg/ml PSNC, the number of bacteria significantly decreased. The remaining bacteria were seen as individual cells, showing damaged cells. In conclusion, PSNC inhibits the development of S. mutans and S. sanguinis biofilm in vitro, indicating the potential of PSNC in clinical application for oral bacterial infection, prevention, and treatment.
The Fin-Improving Effects of Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate from Green and Purple Apostichopus japonicus on Caudal Fin Regeneration of Zebrafish Larvae
Authors: Hou Tingting , Wang Zaizhao , Tang Kui , Zhang Shuai , Liu Shilin , Liu Jialiang , Fan Xiaoteng , Liu Xiaolin
Published: February 2023

This study investigated the capability for fin regeneration in zebrafish larvae with the mechanism of FCS isolated from green and purple sea cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus (G-FCS and P-FCS). HPGPC determined that mean molecular weight of purified G-FCS and P-FCS is 19.5 and 18.8 kDa, and the FT-IR spectrum displayed similar characteristic absorption peaks. AFM images presented that G-FCS was shown as a spherical polysaccharide, while P-FCS molecules exhibited elongated chains. For the regeneration examination, FCS increased the regrowth area of the larval fin at 48 hours postamputation with enhanced locomotor behaviors, and the transcription levels of regeneration-related genes (Wnt10a, msx1b, fgf20a, bmp2a, bmp4, and igf2b) were upregulated. Moreover, FCS promoted the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors (iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ) and TLR/NF-κB pathway-related genes (TLR3, TLR4a, NF-κb, and MyD88). The Western blot analyses of TNF-α and IL-1β supported that FCS enhanced immune response. ELISA results indicated that FCSs increased the contents of NO, CAT, SOD, and G6PD. Summarily, the present results suggested that FCS was a potential regeneration enhancer by elevating immunomodulatory and antioxidative processes in zebrafish.
[Retracted] Innovative Application of Sensor Combined with Speech Recognition Technology in College English Education in the Context of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Guo Juan
Published: February 2023

English listening is an effective way to improve students’ English expression ability and use oral communication. However, from the current situation of English teaching, the current English teaching methods are too single, and teachers do not focus on oral training in the classroom, resulting in low efficiency of classroom teaching. On the basis of following the principles of wholeness, interaction, balance, and sustainable development of educational ecology, by enhancing the synergy of ecological elements of English speaking classroom, promoting interactive dialogue among ecological subjects, and regulating classroom behaviors, it is conducive to giving full play to the advantageous role of information technology on English speaking teaching reform and promoting its sustainable development. This paper addresses the current situation of English listening teaching, especially the problem of reduced recognition rate of spoken language in noisy environment, and the principle of using dual‐sensor speech recognition system proposed. We design the speech recognition method based on recurrent neural network by acquiring the weak vibration pressure speech signal of the jaw skin and the speech signal transmitted through the air during the vocalization process through the sensor. Deep machine learning algorithm is used for speech recognition in English teaching. A reasonable frame sampling frequency is set to obtain the English speech signal, then the feature parameters representing this speech signal are obtained by linear prediction coefficients, and the speech feature vector is generated, followed by the recurrent neural network algorithm to train the speech features. In the related experiments, by comparing with the commonly used speech recognition algorithms, it is proved that the proposed algorithm English teaching speech recognition has higher accuracy and faster convergence.
Indexing Quit-Smoking Interest among Norwegian Smokers 2019-2021
Authors: Sæbø Gunnar , Lund Karl Erik , Mohamed Haniki
Published: February 2023

Even if smoking prevalence is declining in several western countries, continued smoking cessation is required to reduce tobacco-related harms and to achieve future goals of smoke-free societies or the tobacco endgame. But how many of the current smokers want to quit? Estimates vary and depend on the type of question asked. We investigate how a pooled sample of Norwegian smokers (N = 1321) is distributed over four indicators of interest in quitting: (i) degree of desire to quit, (ii) prediction of future smoking status, (iii) reported plan for quitting smoking, and (iv) statements on previous attempts to quit. Based on these variables, we constructed an index. One-third of the smokers (32.6%) was categorized as having a high or very high interest in quitting. However, nearly half of the smokers (47.8%) had low or very low interest in quitting. Like several other countries, Norway has legislated a vision of a smoke-free society and, under the government’s plans; this goal will be achieved by intensified use of structural measures such as tax hikes, tighter restrictions on outdoor smoking, and reduced availability of cigarettes. For the third who want to quit smoking, such constraints on their behaviour may help them to pursue their desire to quit. However, for the half who want to continue smoking, these measures may not be helpful but instead be experienced as a loss of welfare, less freedom to act, and increased social disqualification.
Association Between Recreational Physical Activity and mTOR Signaling Pathway Protein Expression in Breast Tumor Tissue
Authors: Cheng Ting-Yuan David , Zhang Runzhi , Gong Zhihong , Qin Bo , Cannioto Rikki A. , Datta Susmita , Zhang Weizhou , Omilian Angela R. , Yao Song , Khoury Thaer , Hong Chi-Chen , Bandera Elisa V. , Ambrosone Christine B.
Published: February 2023

Physical activity (PA) is associated with decreased signaling in the mTOR pathway in animal models of mammary cancer, which may indicate favorable outcomes. We examined the association between PA and protein expression in the mTOR signaling pathway in breast tumor tissue. Data on 739 patients with breast cancer, among which 125 patients had adjacent-normal tissue, with tumor expression for mTOR, phosphorylated (p)-mTOR, p-AKT, and p-P70S6K were analyzed. Self-reported recreational PA levels during the year prior to diagnosis were classified using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guideline as sufficient (for moderate or vigorous) PA or insufficient PA (any PA but not meeting the guideline) or no PA. We performed linear models for mTOR protein and two-part gamma hurdle models for phosphorylated proteins. Overall, 34.8% of women reported sufficient PA; 14.2%, insufficient PA; 51.0%, no PA. Sufficient (vs. no) PA was associated with higher expression for p-P70S6K [35.8% increase; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.6–80.2] and total phosphoprotein (28.5% increase; 95% CI, 5.8–56.3) among tumors with positive expression. In analyses stratified by PA intensity, sufficient versus no vigorous PA was also associated with higher expression levels of mTOR (beta = 17.7; 95% CI, 1.1–34.3) and total phosphoprotein (28.6% higher; 95% CI, 1.4–65.0 among women with positive expression) in tumors. The study found that guideline-concordant PA levels were associated with increased mTOR signaling pathway activity in breast tumors. Studying PA in relation to mTOR signaling in humans may need to consider the complexity of the behavioral and biological factors.

Significance:

PA increases energy expenditure and limits energy utilization in the cell, which can influence the mTOR pathway that is central to sensing energy influx and regulating cell growth. We studied exercise-mediated mTOR pathway activities in breast tumor and adjacent-normal tissue. Despite the discrepancies between animal and human data and the limitations of our approach, the findings provide a foundation to study the mechanisms of PA and their clinical implications.
Stroke Thrombectomy in the Elderly: Efficacy, Safety, and Special Considerations
Authors: Chen Huanwen , Jindal Gaurav , Miller Timothy R. , Gandhi Dheeraj , Chaturvedi Seemant
Published: February 2023

Background

Elderly patients account for a major Q2 proportion of ischemic strokes worldwide, and the use of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for the elderly has been increasing in recent years. Major clinical trials have demonstrated the benefit of EVT for the general population; however, the degree of benefit is less clear in elderly populations. Although EVT is generally considered safe and effective in healthy elderly adults, there remains controversy as to whether EVT should be offered to all elderly patients, and optimal patient selection and management strategies remain elusive.

Methods

This review consolidates the current literature on the overall efficacy and safety of EVT in the elderly population and highlights multiple topics that are particularly relevant to elderly populations.

Results/Conclusions

Topics discussed include quality of life, patient selection strategies, white matter disease burden, reperfusion of large ischemic cores, bridging thrombolysis, prethrombectomy imaging, as well as technical considerations.
The Attributable Risk of Nonstenotic Cervical Carotid Plaque in Cryptogenic Embolic Stroke
Authors: Siegler James E.
Published: February 2023

Nonstenotic plaque (NSP) of a cervical artery feeding the territory of acute cerebral infarction is increasingly recognized as a cause of cryptogenic stroke. While these atherosclerotic lesions are not associated with significant luminal stenosis (<50%), the probability of finding such plaque exceeds chance and is more common in parent vessels rather than vessels supplying brain regions remote from infarction. More than 20%–30% of patients with unilateral hemispheric embolic stroke of undetermined source may be attributable to cervical internal or common carotid NSP. For these patients, randomized clinical trials have not shown a significant benefit of revascularization (endarterectomy or stenting), and optimal secondary prevention strategies rely on risk factor modification and antiplatelet therapy. Heightened awareness of this subtle finding may inform second‐tier diagnostic testing recommendations for occult stroke mechanisms (eg, monitoring for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation or hypercoagulability testing). Furthermore, recognition of NSP as a culprit lesion may lead to more targeted pharmacologic strategies aimed at stabilizing plaque. Recent guidelines have also incorporated evidence of plaque vulnerability (eg, intraplaque hemorrhage or lipid‐rich necrotic core) in decision making regarding revascularization approaches. In this review, the epidemiology and management of NSP in patients with cryptogenic embolic infarction is summarized, with an emphasis on recognition of NSP such that future clinical trials can be designed to test novel interventional strategies against current medical management of embolic stroke of undetermined source.
Source-Aware Embedding Training on Heterogeneous Information Networks
Authors: Chan Tsai Hor , Wong Chi Ho , Shen Jiajun , Yin Guosheng
Published: February 2023

Heterogeneous information networks (HINs) have been extensively applied to real-world tasks, such as recommendation systems, social networks, and citation networks. While existing HIN representation learning methods can effectively learn the semantic and structural features in the network, little awareness was given to the distribution discrepancy of subgraphs within a single HIN. However, we find that ignoring such distribution discrepancy among subgraphs from multiple sources would hinder the effectiveness of graph embedding learning algorithms. This motivates us to propose SUMSHINE (Scalable Unsupervised Multi-Source Heterogeneous Information Network Embedding)—a scalable unsupervised framework to align the embedding distributions among multiple sources of an HIN. Experimental results on real-world datasets in a variety of downstream tasks validate the performance of our method over the state-of-the-art heterogeneous information network embedding algorithms.
Evaluation and Projection of Changes in Daily Maximum Wind Speed over China Based on CMIP6
Authors: Zha Jinlin , Shen Cheng , Wu Jian , Zhao Deming , Fan Wenxuan , Jiang Huiping , Zhao Tianbao
Published: February 2023

Future changes in spatiotemporal features of the mean wind speed over China have been extensively reported, but future changes in the maximum wind speed, such as the daily maximum wind speed (DMWS), were rarely estimated. In this study, the performance of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) models in simulating the DMWS changes across China is evaluated, based on which the projection on DMWS is carried out under different shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs). The observed DMWS shows a significant reduction during all four seasons, with the strongest decrease in spring and the weakest decrease in autumn. The DMWS increases from January to April and decreases from April to August. The spatiotemporal characteristics of the DMWS are captured by the multimodel ensemble of CMIP6; however, the reduction of DMWS in CMIP6 is weaker than those in observations. The performance of CMIP6 in simulating the future DMWS changes over China shows regional and seasonal discrepancies. The projected DMWS exhibits a reduction for all SSPs from 2021 to 2100, and the decreasing trend is increased accompanied by the strength in the forcing scenario. The lower-emission scenario likely avoids the long-term weakening of the DMWS. The effects of strength in forcing scenarios on the trends of DMWS are more significant than the DMWS climate state. The seasonal cycle of the projected DMWS under the different SSPs is consistent with the historical DMWS; however, the strength in the forcing scenario could induce enhanced variability in the month-to-month DMWS difference.

Significance Statement

Estimation and projection of daily maximum wind speed (DMWS) are crucial for many socioeconomic and environmental issues, as DMWS can induce damage to buildings and infrastructure and affect the air quality and frequency of dust storms, among many other aspects. Nevertheless, future changes in the DMWS have rarely been investigated in China. This paper suggests that the lower forcing scenario could effectively avoid the long-term reduction in DMWS. The seasonal cycle of the future DMWS is consistent with the historical DMWS; however, the stronger forcing scenario induces the strengthening of the month-to-month wind speed difference variability. This study provides a scientific basis for decision-makers to formulate policies to deal with climate change.