bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experiencia en el tratamiento de la estenosis de la unión ureterovesical en pacientes con trasplante renal
Authors: Rivera Astorga Hugo
Published: December 2020

OBJETIVO: Reportar la experiencia en el tratamiento de la estenosis de la unión ureterovesical en pacientes con trasplante renal. 

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio ambispectivo y descriptivo, efectuado en pacientes con estenosis de la unión ureterovesical que recibieron trasplante renal, atendidos en los servicios de Urología y de Trasplantes del Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga, entre los años 2013 a 2018. Se analizaron variables como: edad, tiempo transcurrido a partir del trasplante, permanencia de la nefrostomía, tiempo de permanencia de la estenosis hasta la curación; determinación de creatinina pre y posquirúrgica, permanencia del cateter doble J, seguimiento y tipo de tratamiento establecido. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó estadística descriptiva (media, mediana, desviación estándar y rangos) con el programa SPSS 17. 

RESULTADOS: Se registraron 4 casos con estenosis de la unión ureterovesical: 2 se trataron con dilatación endoscópica con balón y 2 mediante ureterotomía con corte frio y láser. A tres pacientes se les practicó nefrostomía con la finalidad de preservar la función renal y el catéter se retiró, en promedio, 3 meses después de su colocación. Hasta el momento todos los pacientes se encuentran sin evidencia de reestenosis, a 36 meses de seguimiento. 

CONCLUSIONES: Las distintas modalidades de tratamiento endoscópico son efectivas y seguras en pacientes con estenosis de la anastomosis ureterovesical a corto y mediano plazos; no obstante, debe individualizarse cada caso, porque hasta el momento no existe un consenso que establezca cuál es la mejor técnica en este tipo de complicación.
Síndrome de Wunderlich en una paciente con esclerosis tuberosa de Bourneville. Tratamiento conservador
Authors: Martínez López Héctor Iván
Published: December 2020

ANTECEDENTES: El síndrome de Wunderlich, o hemorragia retroperitoneal espontánea, es una enfermedad hemorrágica renal poco frecuente. La etiología tumoral primaria del riñón, como el angiomiolipoma, representa 60% de los casos. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente femenina de 22 años, con dolor de inicio súbito en la fosa renal derecha. Al ingreso hospitalario se encontraba consciente, orientada, con hipotensión leve; a la exploración física se observaron signos y síntomas de esclerosis tuberosa, abdomen blando, depresible, con dolor a la palpación y masa perceptible en la fosa renal derecha, sin datos de irritación peritoneal. La tomografía reportó un hematoma subcapsular derecho delimitado, con múltiples angiomiolipomas bilaterales. Se estableció el diagnóstico de síndrome de Wunderlich y la confirmación de esclerosis tuberosa por criterios mayores. Debido a la estabilidad hemodinámica se ofreció tratamiento conservador, vigilancia del hematocrito seriado, administración de líquidos intravenosos y reposo absoluto. La paciente evolucionó satisfactoriamente. CONCLUSIÓN: El tratamiento de pacientes con síndrome de Wunderlich debe iniciar con la evaluación del estado hemodinámico y en caso de desequilibrio será necesaria la cirugía urgente. El caso expuesto en este estudio es una forma excepcional de síndrome de Wunderlich concomitante con esclerosis tuberosa y tratamiento conservador, que representa el primer reporte en la bibliografía médica con estas características. PALABRAS CLAVE: Síndrome de Wunderlich; esclerosis tuberosa; hemorragia retroperitoneal espontánea.
¿Cuál es la mejor opción de tratamiento quirúrgico en varones con síntomas de la vía urinaria inferior?
Authors: Alcántara Montero Antonio , Müller-Arteaga Carlos
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de esta carta al director es resumir brevemente la evidencia actualmente disponible sobre el tratamiento quirúrgico para pacientes varones con síntomas del tracto urinario inferior. Consideremos que este breve manuscrito puede servir de guía para el tratamiento individualizado de estos pacientes.
Metástasis ósea como manifestación inicial de carcinoma de células renales. Reporte de un caso
Authors: González Reynaga Hugo
Published: December 2020

ANTECEDENTES: El carcinoma de células renales supone 2-3% de las neoplasias malignas en pacientes adultos. En Estados Unidos se reportan 31,000 casos nuevos al año, con mortalidad de 2.3%; es más común en varones que en mujeres (1.5:1). La mayoría de los casos ocurre entre los 50-70 años de edad. Un tercio de los tumores evoluciona a metástasis (metástasis sincrónicas) y otro tercio se manifiesta a futuro (metástasis metacrónicas), incluso 20 años después de la nefrectomía.CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente masculino de 64 años, con antecedente de tabaquismo intenso, etilismo ocasional; dolor crónico en el dedo pulgar de la mano izquierda. La tomografía sugirió una tumoración maligna, por lo que se obtuvo una biopsia de la lesión, cuyo reporte histopatológico coincidió con carcinoma de células claras metastásico. El diagnóstico se complementó con la etapificación: tumor renal izquierdo T2b N0 M1, estadio clínico IV. Se efectuó nefrectomía radical izquierda, con resultado histopatológico de carcinoma de células renales variedad de células claras. El seguimiento a dos años no reporta síntomas adicionales y la tomografía no evidencia datos de recurrencia local o a distancia.CONCLUSIÓN: En los últimos años la incidencia de metástasis de carcinoma renal, por orden de aparición, es en pulmón (60%), huesos (20%), hígado (8%), glándulas suprarrenales y cerebro (5%). La radiología ósea no excluye la coexistencia de metástasis. Algunos autores sugieren establecer el diagnóstico temprano de metástasis ósea con gammagrafía versus radiología convencional.PALABRAS CLAVE: Carcinoma de células renales; nefrectomía; metástasis.
From Kegel exercises to pelvic floor rehabilitation: A physiotherapeutic perspective
Authors: García-Perdomo Herney Andrés , Rodes Maria Cristina
Published: December 2020

Different pelvic floor therapy strategies have been adopted by physicians, urologists, gynecologists, and physiotherapists. However, the concept of pelvic floor physiotherapy is not yet clear for the majority of professionals, who continue to suggest activities that can actually be more harmful to the patient than beneficial. Consequently, the aim of this review article was to present the concept of pelvic floor physiotherapy, from its origins to its current principles, so that healthcare professionals can apply the therapy to their patients based on a clear understanding of the approach.KEYWORDS: Pelvic floor therapy; Physiotherapy.
Necrosis del glande posterior a la colocación de un implante protésico peneano
Authors: De Bonis Walter Osvaldo , Dangelo Agustin , Medel Rodrigo , Casabe Adolfo , Bechara Amado Jose
Published: December 2020

ANTECEDENTES: La necrosis del glande, posterior a la colocación de un implante protésico peneano es una complicación extremadamente inusual. Las principales complicaciones se asocian con infección y falla mecánica del implante.CASOS CLÍNICOS: Se reportan dos casos de necrosis del glande, posterior a la colocación de implantes protésicos peneanos, uno con evolución satisfactoria, tratado de forma conservadora, sin necesidad de eliminar el implante y otro con mala evolución, que requirió la extracción de la prótesis y desbridamiento del tejido necrótico, con amputación espontánea del glande.CONCLUSIONES: La necrosis del glande, posterior a la colocación de un implante protésico peneano, representa una complicación quirúrgica inusual, puede asociarse con elevada morbilidad y mortalidad, y suele afectar a pacientes con diabetes mal controlada o con mala vascularización preexistente.PALABRAS CLAVE: Necrosis; glande; prótesis peneana; desbridamiento.
Ectopia renal derecha intratorácica con hernia diafragmática congénita: reporte de un caso y revisión de la bibliografía
Authors: Mora Ramírez Axel Fabián , Ordóñez Jurado Aldo Uriel , Martínez Arias Miguel Ángel , Vázquez Niño Lisandro Christian
Published: December 2020

ANTECEDENTES: La ectopia intratorácica denota una protrusión parcial o completa del riñón, a la altura del diafragma, en el mediastino posterior. Es la forma más rara de ectopia renal.CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente femenina de 39 años, que acudió al servicio médico por fiebre de 39 ºC, disuria y dolor en la región lumbar derecha tipo cólico, punzante e intermitente, y hemitórax derecho de características similares, náusea y vómito; taquicardia e hipotensión. Entre sus antecedentes personales refirió hipertensión arterial sistémica de 10 años de evolución; hipertensión pulmonar de 13 años y diagnóstico de dextrocardia y situs inversus desde la infancia. En 2005 le diagnosticaron ectopia renal derecha intratorácica, con hernia diafragmática derecha. En relación con su padecimiento actual, la paciente fue ingresada a la unidad de cuidados intensivos por choque séptico de origen urinario. Se realizó nefrectomía derecha con acceso transtorácico y plastia diafragmática. Durante el procedimiento quirúrgico, en la toracotomía derecha, se cuantificaron 500 mL de líquido purulento en la cavidad torácica, por lo que se realizó lavado con solución fisiológica. También se encontraron múltiples adherencias al riñón ectópico-pleura, se practicó decorticación y se identificó la bolsa hidronefrótica ectópica; se disecó hasta el hilio renal, se ligó y cortó la arteria y vena renal, además del uretero, y se extrajo el riñón ectópico. Posteriormente se llevó a cabo la plastia diafragmática con malla Dualmesh®, se colocó un drenaje hacia la cavidad abdominal y una sonda endopleural. La evolución posquirúrgica fue satisfactoria.CONCLUSIÓN: Los pacientes con ectopia renal pueden o no requerir tratamiento quirúrgico, según su manifestación de síntomas. La bibliografía relacionada con estudios de autopsias o reportes clínicos no señala que los casos diagnosticados con riñón torácico evolucionen a complicaciones urinarias o pulmonares.PALABRAS CLAVE: Hernia diafragmática congénita; ectopia renal; reparación transtorácica.
Apel versus Habermas: a trajetória controversa das duas variantes originais da ética do discurso
Authors: Cenci Angelo Vitório
Published: December 2020

A construção da ética do discurso, no que concerne às suas duas variantes originárias, ocorreu sob o signo da controvérsia. Esta deveu-se à forma diferenciada como a esfera da moral do discurso foi sendo tematizada no programa de cada autor e ao modo distinto de eles conceberem o conceito de razão prática. As respostas dadas a essa problemática acerca da esfera própria da moral resultarão em dois programas da ética do discurso que vão se distanciando progressivamente de suas raízes comuns e que irão, ao final, projetar duas concepções de razão prática bastante distintas e, em grande medida, inconciliáveis, de modo a ser impossível reuni-las sob uma mesma rubrica. Assim, em razão da diferença existente no programa inicial de cada autor entre a formulação de uma noção mais estreita de moral – deontológica, como a que defende Habermas – ou mais ampla – deontológico-teleológica, como o propõe Apel – ter-se-á como consequência que, para Habermas, a moral e a razão prática ficarão situadas dentro de uma teoria ou filosofia do discurso e a razão prática não poderá ser compreendida em sentido moral; em Apel, ambas as esferas ficarão situadas dentro da própria ética do discurso, de modo que a moral ocupará a parte A e a esfera da razão prática a parte B – teleológica – e será compreendida em sentido moral.
O debate Habermas versus Apel sobre a ética do discurso: reconsideração das razões da divergência
Authors: Velasco Marina
Published: December 2020

No debate entre Habermas e Apel a respeito da fundamentação da ética do discurso muitas coisas aparecem misturadas. O artigo reconsidera o debate, analisa a forma do argumento pragmático-transcendental e distingue duas grandes questões em confronto: questões sobre pressuposições argumentativas e questões sobre obrigações morais. Tenta-se mostrar que, feitas as distinções apropriadas, na primeira questão Apel tem mais razão que Habermas, e que, na segunda questão, Habermas tem mais razão que Apel. As implicações de cada posição são consideradas.
A transformação da filosofia entre a reflexão transcendental e a reconstrução racional: sobre o sentido de uma contraposição filosófica contemporânea
Authors: Repa Luiz
Published: December 2020

O artigo pretende mostrar as diferenças fundamentais entre os projetos de Habermas e Apel de transformar a filosofia. Essas diferenças podem ser medidas por meio de uma comparação entre os conceitos de reflexão transcendental em Apel e de reconstrução racional em Habermas. Baseando-se nessas diferenças, é possível afirmar que a transformação da filosofia em Apel se limita a dar uma outra forma à tentativa da filosofia primeira de estabelecer uma fundamentação última para si e para as ciências, ao passo em que o conceito habermasiano de reconstrução confere à filosofia o papel, mais inovador, de guardar o lugar para teorias científicas e interpretar os desenvolvimentos científicos e culturais.
A noção de verdade e a circulação do conhecimento científico em Fleck: elementos para uma reflexão sobre a era da pós-verdade
Authors: Saito Marcia Tiemi
Published: December 2020

Os debates em torno da pós-verdade têm abrangido desde aspectos filosóficos e histórico-sociais, passando por questões linguísticas, psicológicas e axiológicas, até implicações éticas e políticas. O objetivo deste trabalho é buscar compreender o fenômeno da pós-verdade, a partir da epistemologia de Ludwik Fleck, e refletir sobre as possíveis implicações para a Ciência e para a Educação científica. Para isso, serão exploradas a noção de verdade e a descrição dos processos de circulação do conhecimento científico em Fleck. Conclui-se que a perspectiva fleckiana pode ser uma alternativa interessante para se pensar o fenômeno da pós-verdade. Para esse autor, existe uma relação de autoridade, confiança e dependência mútua entre o saber especializado e o saber popular. Seria importante manter essa relação nesse formato, a fim de preservar a democracia política e evitar o surgimento de movimentos de caráter dogmático e antidemocrático. Também parece ser importante buscar limitar a disseminação de ideias que podem ameaçar o caráter democrático da ciência e a sua própria existência. Por fim, uma popularização da ciência e uma educação científica que abrangessem a complexidade da construção do conhecimento científico poderiam contribuir para formar visões sobre ciência menos suscetíveis aos efeitos nocivos da pós-verdade.
Taurine supplementation restores antioxidant status and hepatic membrane-bound enzymes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Krishnan Baskaran , Santha Karunanithi , Inmozhi Sivakamasundari , Subramanian Sethupathy , Balu Mahendran Kanumaru
Published: December 2020

Introduction and Aim: Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes causes cellular damage through increased lipid peroxidation and reduced levels of antioxidants. The activities of membrane-bound enzymes are affected by oxidative stress. Taurine, a sulfur containing amino acid is shown to have hypoglycemic activity, antioxidant property and membrane stabilization. The aim of the study is to check the effect of supplementation of taurine on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant status and hepatic membrane-bound enzymes in streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats.

Materials and Methods: Thirty-two Wistar male albino rats of 19±1 weeks of age weighing 200-220 grams were randomly divided into four groups and each group consisted of eight animals. Group I (control) standard chow diet; Group II (chow diet with taurine); Group III (diabetes induced) and Group IV (diabetic receiving taurine). At the end of 45th day, all animals were sacrificed by cervical decapitation after overnight fasting. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected. The levels of glucose in plasma and lipid peroxidation, antioxidants and the activities of Na+/ K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+-ATPases in liver homogenate were analyzed.

Results: Altered levels of antioxidants and activities of Na+/ K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+-ATPases were restored to normal by taurine supplementation in diabetic rats.

Conclusion: The present study indicates that supplementation of taurine could protect liver plasma membrane against oxidative damage by acting as antioxidant and restoring the normal activities of Na+/ K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+-ATPases.
Spotting the spotted fever
Authors: Karthiga Serane Vikneswari , Pradeep Jothimani , Stephen Selvaraj , Soundararajan Palanisamy
Published: December 2020

With a surge in rickettsial infections in our country, there is an apparent necessity to upgrade the laboratory expertise to detect the same. We were able to arrive at a diagnosis of rickettsial Spotted fever in a child who presented with fever and rash with the support of appropriate investigations.
Velhez: O Bom Encontro Entre Vida e Arte
Authors: Santana Renata , Duarte Oriana
Published: December 2020

A velhice tem sido estudada, em particular nas sociedades ocidentais, por diferentes perspectivas e diversas realidades históricas e culturais. A partir do final do século XX, de acordo com Silvana Tótora (2015), aconteceu uma “explosão discursiva” em que a população de velhos aparece como um problema político. O termo velhice, nas práticas discursivas e sociais, denota, na maioria das vezes, um sentido negativo, visto que a velhice está associada à doença, perda da vitalidade, produtividade. Por conseguinte, usam-se termos tais como, melhor idade, idoso, maturidade, boa idade, como forma de escapar de estigmas e conferir uma cifra positiva para esse ciclo de vida, dos quais, ousamos dizer, podem servir mais como ações maquiadoras do que dar um estatuto positivo à velhice e ao envelhecimento.
A Representação do Nordeste nas Aberturas de Telenovelas: O Caso de Tieta (1989)
Authors: Cintra Jaíne , Cunha Paulo
Published: December 2020

Motion design, efeitos visuais (VFX), opening title e title sequence são produtos do audiovisual contemporâneo que pedem soluções de design e tecnologia. Vinculam-se historicamente a criadores como Saul Bass e Pablo Ferro. Hoje, espalha-se por novos territórios como os games e os seriados. No Brasil, essa dimensão expressiva ganhou impacto na televisão antes de refluir para o cinema. É evidente que foram as telenovelas que expandiram as potencialidades dessas figuras expressivas e que o caso Tieta (1989) pode ser visto como exemplar de um período.
Análise do Processo Criativo: Uma Crítica Genética do Design de Superfície Têxtil
Authors: Fernanda de Barros Larissa , Medeiros de Araújo Kátia
Published: December 2020

A pesquisa que deu origem a este artigo objetivou investigar o processo de criação entre profissionais de design de superfície têxtil para vestuário atuantes no Polo de Confecções do Agreste de Pernambuco em 2016 e 2017, considerando-se a influência da dinâmica sociocultural e econômica da região sobre a atividade de criação de estamparia, universo no qual se vivencia atualmente a era da informação de modo totalmente instaurado – com a globalização das ferramentas facilitadoras do design e a forte tendência à abordagem digital de certas tarefas anteriormente solucionadas com recursos manuais.
Design da Informação e o Registro de uma Técnica Têxtil: a Renda Renascença
Authors: Flávia da Fonte Netto de Mendonça Ana , Alice Vasconcelos Rocha Maria
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é representar graficamente o passo a passo da construção têxtil dos pontos da renda Renascença produzida, na atualidade, no município de Poção, Agreste de Pernambuco. Na jornada rumo à representação imagética destes movimentos de agulha e linha, para que este conhecimento artesanal fique registrado e não se perca com o passar do tempo e com futuras mudanças econômicas e sociais, buscou-se conhecer, também, a história deste trabalho manual. Para o desenvolvimento deste estudo, tomou-se como premissa a adoção do olhar promovido pelo campo do Design da Informação, em especial a atividade de representação da ação.
The impact of Los Angeles basin pollution and stratospheric
intrusions on the surrounding San Gabriel Mountains as seen by
surface measurements, lidar, and numerical models
Authors: Chouza Fernando , Leblanc Thierry , Brewer Mark , Wang Patrick , Piazzolla Sabino , Pfister Gabriele , Kumar Rajesh , Drews Carl , Tilmes Simone , Emmons Louisa
Published: December 2020

Abstract. In this work, the impact of Los Angeles basin pollution transport and stratospheric intrusions on the surface ozone levels observed in the San Gabriel Mountains is investigated based on a combination of surface and lidar measurements as well as WRF-Chem (Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry) and WACCM (Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model) model runs. The number of days with observed surface ozone levels exceeding the National Ambient Air Quality Standards exhibit a clear seasonal pattern, with a maximum during summer, when models suggest a minimum influence of stratospheric intrusions and the largest impact from Los Angeles basin pollution transport. Additionally, measured and modeled surface ozone and PM10 were analyzed as a function of season, time of the day and wind direction. Measurements and models are in good qualitative agreement, with maximum surface ozone observed for south-west and west winds. For the prevailing summer wind direction, slightly south of the ozone maximum and corresponding to south south-west winds, lower ozone levels were observed. Back-trajectories suggest that this is associated with transport from the central Los Angeles basin, where titration limits the amount of surface ozone. A quantitative comparison of the lidar profiles with WRF-Chem and WACCM models revealed good agreement near the surface, with models showing an increasing positive bias as function of altitude, reaching 75 % at 15 km above sea level. Finally, three selected case studies covering the different mechanisms affecting the near-surface ozone concentration over the San Gabriel mountains, namely stratospheric intrusions and pollution transport, are analyzed based on surface and ozone lidar measurements, as well as co-located ceilometer measurements and models.
Future sea level contribution from Antarctica inferred from CMIP5 model forcing and its dependence on precipitation ansatz
Authors: Rodehacke Christian B. , Pfeiffer Madlene , Semmler Tido , Gurses Özgür , Kleiner Thomas
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Various observational estimates indicate growing mass loss at Antarctica's margins as well as heavier precipitation across the continent. Simulated future projections reveal that heavier precipitation, falling on Antarctica, may counteract amplified iceberg discharge and increased basal melting of floating ice shelves driven by a warming ocean. Here, we test how the ansatz (implementation in a mathematical framework) of the precipitation boundary condition shapes Antarctica's sea level contribution in an ensemble of ice sheet simulations. We test two precipitation conditions: we either apply the precipitation anomalies from CMIP5 models directly or scale the precipitation by the air temperature anomalies from the CMIP5 models. In the scaling approach, it is common to use a relative precipitation increment per degree warming as an invariant scaling constant. We use future climate projections from nine CMIP5 models, ranging from strong mitigation efforts to business-as-usual scenarios, to perform simulations from 1850 to 5000. We take advantage of individual climate projections by exploiting their full temporal and spatial structure. The CMIP5 projections beyond 2100 are prolonged with reiterated forcing that includes decadal variability; hence, our study may underestimate ice loss after 2100. In contrast to various former studies that apply an evolving temporal forcing that is spatially averaged across the entire Antarctic Ice Sheet, our simulations consider the spatial structure in the forcing stemming from various climate patterns. This fundamental difference reproduces regions of decreasing precipitation despite general warming. Regardless of the boundary and forcing conditions applied, our ensemble study suggests that some areas, such as the glaciers from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet draining into the Amundsen Sea, will lose ice in the future. In general, the simulated ice sheet thickness grows along the coast, where incoming storms deliver topographically controlled precipitation. In this region, the ice thickness differences are largest between the applied precipitation methods. On average, Antarctica shrinks for all future scenarios if the air temperature anomalies scale the precipitation. In contrast, Antarctica gains mass in our simulations if we apply the simulated precipitation anomalies directly. The analysis reveals that the mean scaling inferred from climate models is larger than the commonly used values deduced from ice cores; moreover, it varies spatially: the highest scaling is across the East Antarctic Ice Sheet, and the lowest scaling is around the Siple Coast, east of the Ross Ice Shelf. The discrepancies in response to both precipitation ansatzes illustrate the principal uncertainty in projections of Antarctica's sea level contribution.
LARGE 0.2.0: 2D numerical modelling of geodynamic problems
Authors: Creati Nicola , Vidmar Roberto
Published: December 2020

Abstract. We present here LARGE 0.2.0 (Lithosphere AsthenospheRe Geodynamic Evolution) a geodynamic modelling Python package that implements a flexible and user friendly tool for the geodynamic/modelling community. It simulates 2D large scale geodynamic processes by solving the conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy by a finite difference method with the moving tracers technique. LARGE uses advanced modern numerical libraries and algorithms but unlike common simulation code written in Fortran or C this code is written entirely in Python. Simulations are driven by configuration files that define thoroughly the lithologies and the parameters that distinguish the model. Documentation for them and for all the modules is included in the package together with a complete set of examples and utilities. The package can be used to reproduce results of published studies and models or to experiment new simulations. LARGE can run in serial mode on desktop computers but can take advantage of MPI to run in parallel on multi node HPC systems.
SuperflexPy 1.2.0: an open source Python framework for building,
testing and improving conceptual hydrological models
Authors: Dal Molin Marco , Kavetski Dmitri , Fenicia Fabrizio
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Catchment-scale hydrological models are widely used to represent and improve our understanding of hydrological processes, and to support operational water resources management. Conceptual models, where catchment dynamics are approximated using relatively simple storage and routing elements, offer an attractive compromise in terms of predictive accuracy, computational demands and amenability to interpretation. This paper introduces SuperflexPy, an open-source Python framework implementing the SUPERFLEX principles (Fenicia et al., 2011) for building conceptual hydrological models from generic components, with a high degree of control over all aspects of model specification. SuperflexPy can be used to build models of a wide range of spatial complexity, ranging from simple lumped models (e.g. a reservoir) to spatially distributed configurations (e.g. nested sub-catchments), with the ability to customize all individual model elements. SuperflexPy is a Python package, enabling modelers to exploit the full potential of the framework without the need for separate software installations, and making it easier to use and interface with existing Python code for model deployment. This paper presents the general architecture of SuperflexPy, and illustrates its usage to build conceptual models of varying degrees of complexity. The illustration includes the usage of existing SuperflexPy model elements, as well as their extension to implement new functionality. SuperflexPy is available as open-source code, and can be used by the hydrological community to investigate improved process representations, for model comparison, and for operational work. A comprehensive documentation is available online and provided as supplementary material to this paper.
Applicability of Landsat 8 Thermal Infrared Sensor to Identify
Submarine Groundwater Discharge Springs in the Mediterranean
Sea Basin
Authors: Jou-Claus Sònia , Folch Albert , Garcia-Orellana Jordi
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) has received increasing attention over the past two decades as a source of nutrients, trace elements and pollutants to the ocean that may alter coastal biogeochemical cycles. Assessing submarine groundwater flows and their impacts on coastal marine environments is a difficult task since it is not easy to identify and measure these water flows discharging into the sea. The aim of this study is to prove the great usefulness of the freely-available thermal infrared (TIR) imagery of the Landsat 8 thermal infrared sensor (TIRS) as an exploratory tool to identify SGD springs worldwide, from local to regional scales, for long-term analysis. The use of satellite thermal data as a technique to identify SGD springs in seawater is based on the identification of thermally-anomalous plumes obtained from the thermal contrasts between groundwater and sea surface water. We propose a conceptual framework to apply this technique worldwide and also discuss the limitations of using this technique in SGD studies. The study was developed on a regional scale in karstic coastal aquifers in the Mediterranean Sea basin at different seasons and diverse meteorological conditions. Although this study demonstrates that the freely-available satellite TIR remote sensing is a useful method to identify coastal springs in karst aquifers both locally and regionally, the limiting factors include technical limitations, geological/hydrogeological characteristics, environmental and marine conditions and coastal geomorphology.
AI-based techniques for multi-step streamflow forecasts: Application for multi-objective reservoir operation optimization and performance assessment
Authors: Guo Yuxue , Xu Yue-Ping , Yu Xinting , Chen Hao , Gu Haiting , Xie Jingkai
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Streamflow forecasts are traditionally eﬀective in mitigating water scarcity and flood defense. This study developed an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based management methodology that integrated multi-step streamflow forecasts and multi-objective reservoir operation optimization for water resource allocation. Following the methodology, we aimed to assess forecast quality and forecast-informed reservoir operations performance together due to the influence of inﬂow forecast uncertainty. Varying combinations of climate and hydrological variables were inputs into three AI-based models, namely Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), and Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LSSVM), to forecast short-term streamflow. Based on three deterministic forecasts, the stochastic inﬂow scenarios were further developed using Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) for quantifying uncertainty. The forecasting scheme was further coupled with a multi-reservoir optimization model, and the multi-objective programming was solved using the parameterized Multi-Objective Robust Decision Making (MORDM) approach. The AI-based management framework was applied and demonstrated over a multi-reservoir system (25 reservoirs) in the Zhoushan Islands, China. Three main conclusions were drawn from this study: 1) GRU and LSTM performed equally well on streamflow forecasts, and GRU might be the preferred method over LSTM, given that it had simpler structures and less modeling time; 2) Higher forecast performance could lead to improved reservoir operation, while uncertain forecasts were more valuable than deterministic forecasts, regarding two performance metrics, i.e., water supply reliability and operating costs; 3) The relationship between forecast horizon and reservoir operation was complex and depended on the operating configurations (forecast quality and uncertainty) and performance measures. This study reinforces the potential of an AI-based stochastic streamflow forecasting scheme to seek robust strategies under uncertainty.
Urban surface water flood modelling – a comprehensive review of
current models and future challenges
Authors: Guo Kaihua , Guan Mingfu , Yu Dapeng
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Urbanisation is an irreversible trend as a result of social and economic development. Urban areas, with high concentration of population, key infrastructure, and businesses are extremely vulnerable to flooding and may suffer severe socio-economic losses due to climate change. Urban flood modelling tools are in demand to predict surface water inundation caused by intense rainfall and to manage associated flood risks in urban areas. These tools have been rapidly developing in recent decades. In this study, we present a comprehensive review of the advanced urban flood models and emerging approaches for predicting urban surface water flooding driven by intense rainfall. The study explores the advantages and limitations of existing model types, highlights the most recent advances and identifies major challenges. Issues of model complexities, scale effects, and computational efficiency are also analysed. The results will inform scientists, engineers, and decision-makers of the latest developments and guide the model selection based on desired objectives.
Simulation analysis of local land atmosphere coupling in rainy season over a typical underlying surface in the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Sun Genhou , Hu Zeyong , Ma Yaoming , Xie Zhipeng , Wang Jiemin , Yang Song
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The local land–atmosphere coupling (LoCo) investigates the interactions between soil conditions, surface fluxes, planetary boundary layer (PBL) growth, and the formations of convective clouds and precipitation. Studying LoCo over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is of great significance for understanding the TP's role in the Asian water tower. A series of real-case simulations, using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with different combinations of land surface model (LSM) schemes and PBL schemes, has been carried out to investigate the LoCo characteristics
over a typical underlying surface in the central TP in the rainy season. The LoCo characteristics in the study area are analyzed by applying a mixing diagram to the simulation results. The analysis indicates that the WRF simulations, using the Noah with BouLac, Mellor-Yamada Nakanishi and Niino Level-2.5 PBL (MYNN), and Yonsei University (YSU) produce closer results to the observation in terms of curves of Cp⋅θ and Lv⋅q, surface
fluxes (Hsfc and LEsfc), entrainment fluxes (Hent, and LEent) at site BJ of Nagqu Station (BJ/Nagqu) than those using the Community Land Model (CLM) with BouLac, MYNN, and YSU. The frequency distributions of Hsfc, LEsfc, Hent, and
LEent in the study area confirm this result. The spatial distributions of simulated Hsfc, LEsfc, Hent, and LEent, using WRF with Noah and BouLac, suggest that the spatial distributions of Hsfc and
LEsfc in the study area are consistent with that of soil moisture, but the spatial distributions of Hent and LEent are quite different from that of soil moisture. A close examination of the relationship between entrainment fluxes and cloud water content (QCloud) reveals that the grids with small Hent and large LEent tend to have high QCloud and Hsfc, suggesting that high Hsfc is conducive to convective cloud formation, which leads to small Hent and large LEent. A sensitivity analysis of LoCo to the soil moisture at site BJ/Nagqu indicates that, on a sunny day, an increase in soil moisture leads to an increase in LEsfc
but decreases in Hsfc, Hent, and LEent. The sensitivity of the relationship between simulated maximum daytime PBL height (PBLH) and mean daytime evapotranspiration (ET) in the study area to soil moisture indicates the rate at which the maximum daytime PBLH decreases with the mean ET increase as the initial soil moisture goes up. The analysis of simulated Hsfc, LEsfc, Hent, and LEent under different soil moisture conditions reveals that the frequency of Hent ranging
from 80 to 240 W m−2 and the frequency of LEent ranging from −240 to −90 W m−2 both increase as the initial soil moisture increases. Coupled with the changes in QCloud, the changes in Hent and LEent as the initial soil moisture increases indicate that the rise in soil moisture leads to an increase in the cloud amount but a decrease in QCloud.
Characteristics of building fragility curves for seismic and non-seismic
tsunamis: case studies of the 2018 Sunda Strait, 2018
Sulawesi-Palu and 2004 Indian Ocean tsunamis
Authors: Lahcene Elisa , Ioannou Ioanna , Suppasri Anawat , Pakoksung Kwanchai , Paulik Ryan , Syamsidik Syamsidik , Bouchette Frederic , Imamura Fumihiko
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Indonesia has experienced several recent tsunamis triggered by seismic as well as non-seismic (i.e., landslides) sources. These events damaged or destroyed coastal buildings and infrastructure, and caused considerable loss of life. The impact of tsunami characteristics on structural components can be represented by fragility curves. These cumulative distribution functions express the likelihood of a structure reaching or exceeding a damage state in response to a tsunami hazard intensity measure. Using numerical simulations and post-tsunami observations, we successfully reproduce the hydrodynamic features of the 2018 Sunda Strait and 2018 Sulawesi-Palu tsunamis for the first time. We then compare non-seismic building fragility curves from these events with the ones of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami (IOT) to provide a novel understanding of wave period, ground shaking and liquefaction impacts on the structural performance of buildings. Below 5-m flow depth, the 2004 IOT in Khao Lak/Phuket (Thailand), characterized by long wave period due to its seismic source, induces larger damage to buildings than the 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami, triggered by a landslide. We also note that for 4-m flow depth, the building damage probability is almost twice less in Khao Lak/Phuket than in Banda Aceh, where ground motion has been reported before the tsunami arrival. In addition, liquefaction events can cause significant building damage as in Palu, where constructions have been considerably affected by this phenomenon due to the 2018 Sulawesi earthquake. Below 2-m flow depth, the damage probability is greater in Palu than in the Sunda Strait but also in Banda Aceh, although this city has been affected by ground shaking, and then struck by the longer wave period of the IOT.
Comparison of regolith physical and chemical characteristics with geophysical data along a climate and ecological gradient, Chilean Coastal Cordillera (26 to 38° S)
Authors: Schaller Mirjam , Dal Bo Igor , Ehlers Todd A. , Klotzsche Anja , Drews Reinhard , Fuentes Espoz Juan Pablo , van der Kruk Jan
Published: December 2020

Abstract. We combine geophysical observations from ground-penetrating radar (GPR) with
regolith physical and chemical properties from pedons excavated in four
study areas spanning 1300 km of the climate and ecological gradient in the
Chilean Coastal Cordillera. Our aims are the following: (1) to relate GPR observations to
depth-varying regolith physical and weathering-related chemical properties
in adjacent pedons and (2) to evaluate the lateral extent to which these
properties can be extrapolated along a hillslope using GPR observations.
Physical observations considered include regolith bulk density and grain
size distribution, whereas chemical observations are based on major and
trace element analysis. Results indicate that visually determined pedolith
thickness and the transition from the B to C horizons generally correlate
with maximums in the 500 and 1000 MHz GPR envelope profiles. To a lesser
degree, these maximums in the GPR envelope profiles agree with maximums in
weathering-related indices such as the chemical index of alteration (CIA)
and the chemical index of mass transfer (τ) for Na. Finally, we find
that upscaling from the pedon to hillslope scale is possible with
geophysical methods for certain pedon properties. Taken together, these
findings suggest that the GPR profiles down hillslopes can be used to infer
lateral thickness variations in pedolith horizons in different ecologic and
climate settings, and to some degree the physical and chemical variations
with depth.
PISM-LakeCC: Implementing an adaptive proglacial lake boundary
into an ice sheet model
Authors: Hinck Sebastian , Gowan Evan J. , Zhang Xu , Lohmann Gerrit
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Geological records show that vast proglacial lakes existed along the land terminating margins of palaeo ice sheets in Europe and North America. Proglacial lakes impact ice sheet dynamics by imposing marine-like boundary conditions at the ice margin. These lacustrine boundary conditions include changes in the ice sheet’s geometry, stress balance and frontal ablation and therefore affect the entire ice sheet’s mass balance. This interaction, however, has not been rigorously implemented in ice sheet models. In this study, the implementation of an adaptive lake boundary into the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM) is described and applied to the glacial retreat of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS). The results show that the presence of proglacial lakes locally enhances the ice flow. Along the continental ice margin, ice streams and ice lobes can be observed. Lacustrine terminating ice streams cause immense thinning of the ice sheet’s interior and thus play a significant role in the demise of the LIS. Due to the presence of lakes, a process similar to the marine ice sheet instability causes the collapse of the ice saddle over Hudson Bay, which blocked drainage via the Hudson Strait. In control experiments without a lake model, Hudson Bay is still glaciated at the end of the simulation. Future studies should target the development of parametrizations that better describe the glacial-lacustrine interactions.
A simple methodology to detect and quantify wind power ramps
Authors: Cheneka Bedassa R. , Watson Simon J. , Basu Sukanta
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Knowledge about the expected duration and intensity of wind power ramps is important when planning the integration of wind power production into an electricity network. The detection and classification of wind power ramps is not straightforward due to the large range of events that is observed and the stochastic nature of the wind. The development of an algorithm that can detect and classify wind power ramps is thus of some benefit to the wind energy community. In this study, we describe a relatively simple methodology using a wavelet transform to discriminate ramp events. We illustrate the utility of the methodology by studying distributions of ramp rates and their duration using 2 years of data from the Belgian offshore cluster. This brief study showed that there was a strong correlation between ramp rate and ramp duration, that a majority of ramp events were less than 15 h with a median duration of around 8 h, and that ramps with a duration of more than a day were rare. Also, we show how the methodology can be applied to a time series where installed capacity changes over time using Swedish onshore wind farm data. Finally, the performance of the methodology is compared with another ramp detection method and their sensitivities to parameter choice are contrasted.
A revisão por pares e formação do pesquisador:avaliação do conhecimento científico na perspectiva de uma ontogênese intelectual
Authors: Silva Claudio Nei Nascimento da , Mueller Suzana Pinheiro Machado
Published: December 2020

Este estudo identifica a percepção dos bolsistas de produtividade do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) do Brasil, de todas as áreas do conhecimento, sobre as contribuições da revisão por pares para a formação do pesquisador a partir de quatro aspectos: a) a utilização do parecer avaliativo para melhoria do manuscrito; b) a importância da justificativa acerca do manuscrito; c) a utilização do parecer avaliativo para melhoria do manuscrito no caso de recusa; d) as contribuições da revisão por pares para a formação do pesquisador. Evidencia a revisão por pares como um mecanismo para além da dimensão avaliativa da ciência e ressalta sua dimensão pedagógica a partir da percepção dos pesquisadores participantes da pesquisa, isto é, como um processo que pode contribuir para a formação permanente de autores, revisores e editores. Conclui com a necessidade perceber a revisão por pares como um mecanismo intelectual ontogenético, capaz de permitir que pesquisadores de diferentes áreas e trajetórias possam repensar seus objetos de investigação e seus procedimentos de análise, na perspectiva de um aprimoramento contínuo.
Primeros Impresos Chilenos: En búsqueda de la catalogación del Bibliófilo Domingo Edwards Matte.
Authors: Fuentes Acuña David Alejandro , Quitral Quitral Yerko Andrés
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo pretende ofrecer la catalogación numérica de los primeros impresos chilenos pertenecientes al bibliófilo Domingo Edwards Matte. Como punto de partida, se analizan  fichas bibliográficas que revelan un primer acercamiento de dicha catalogación. Posteriormente, se comparan las numeraciones de las fichas con los documentos impresos, tomando en consideración los dígitos de las cajas y las carpetas, más testimonios de la familia Edwards y académicos de la Universidad de Chile por el año 1965. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre la falta de información original que presenta la colección, tomando los inventarios como ejemplo de dicha problemática.
Chemical properties and acceptance in the biscuit formula of Belitung taro (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) with addition of ant nest tubers (Hydnophytum formicarum) plant
Authors: Briliannita Anjar , Supu La
Published: December 2020

This study was aimed to analyze the nutrients content, antioxidant activity, and acceptance of the biscuit formula of Belitung taro (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) with various parts of ant nest tubers (Hydnophytum formicarum) plant. Antioxidant activity was found by the DPPH method, nutrient content by the AOAC method, and sensory evaluation analysis by 30 untrained panelists. The results of this study found out that each biscuit formula (35.25 grams/73.60% antioxidant activity) contained 130 kcal of energy, carbohydrates of 59.08 ±0.16%, the protein of 4.13 ±0.06%, fat of 22.17 ±0.19% so that it was able to compensate for 5.97 – 6.57% of total energy requirements based on the Nutrition Adequacy Rate for the Elderly per day. The overall preference level in the biscuit formula by untrained panelists was 4.10 ±0.72 (rather like-like). The addition of 7.5% ant nest tuber powder in the biscuit formula had an antioxidant activity (DPPH) of 73.60 ±0.36%. The most preferred biscuit formula was the C013 biscuit formula (addition of 6% ant nest tuber powder per gram biscuits), with the higher antioxidant activity, and its nutrient content to compensate for the nutrition adequacy rate for the elderly per day.