bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Travail social et islam : l’embarras des professionnels
Authors: Verba Daniel , Guélamine Faïza
Published: November 2017

En raison d’une plus grande visibilité de l’islam en France, les travailleurs sociaux sont confrontés depuis deux décennies à des pratiques constituant pour eux une nouvelle source de questionnements et d’embarras. Qu’il s’agisse en effet de leurs rapports aux personnes accompagnées qui mobilisent des références confessionnelles ou bien de leurs propres collègues dont certains revendiquent ostensiblement leur appartenance à la religion musulmane, les travailleurs sociaux doivent composer avec un nouveau référentiel religieux qui les ramène aux racines chrétiennes du travail social dont ils avaient cherché à s’émanciper en se professionnalisant. D’où le rappel à l’ordre laïc qui s’exprime dans ce secteur où l’islam est vécu comme régressif pour la liberté d’expression et surtout le droit des femmes.
Sœurs en islam : des étudiantes pratiquantes en « résistance »
Authors: Hanafi Rania
Published: November 2017

Cet article traite des relations familiales confrontées aux attentes nouvelles en matière d’allongement scolaire que cristallisent les projets de décohabitation provisoire des étudiantes pratiquantes musulmanes à leur arrivée en études supérieures. Comment la norme de l’allongement scolaire [Beaud, 2009] conjuguée aux subjectivités religieuses des filles dans la sororité participent‑elles d’une reformulation des liens familiaux, et plus encore du bouleversement d’une assignation de genre, dans les interactions familiales ? Notre approche vise à repenser ce que Sonia Dayan Herzbrun appelle des « pratiques de résistances » [2005] dans les sphères du privé, en référence aux présupposés des conduites à tenir des filles au défi d’une culture familiale patriarcale par la sororité des étudiantes, sous les traits des subjectivités religieuses. Cette approche explore in fine ce qui se joue dans les relations familiales à l’échelle intergénérationnelle entre des parents et leurs filles à l’épreuve de la décohabitation étudiante et sous le registre de l’assignation.
Femmes musulmanes dans un quartier populaire
Authors: Zoïa Geneviève , Visier Laurent
Published: November 2017

Cet article relate trois ans de recherche ethnographique dans un quartier pauvre d’une ville française de taille moyenne. Il décrit l’expérience de femmes musulmanes à partir de trois moments : le soin (la consultation médicale), l’alimentation des enfants (la cantine) et l’éducation (l’école). Il montre comment le quartier produit une organisation sociale spécifique tandis que l’islam devient le cadre majeur d’analyse et d’action, à la fois des habitants et des professionnels.
Ce que les musulmans nous disent de la campagne girondine
Authors: Crenn Chantal
Published: November 2017

Situé à l’écart de la métropole bordelaise et à l’ombre de Saint‑Émilion, le territoire au centre de cet article est associé dans l’imaginaire des urbains aux représentations d’une France viticole, « authentique » et chrétienne alors même qu’y est attestée depuis longtemps la présence de travailleurs agricoles de confession musulmane. La rumeur actuelle de l’installation d’une mosquée salafiste traduit la tenacité de ces représentations d’une part et, d’autre part, les résistances aux changements d’habitants (musulmans compris) vivant d’une économie viticole autrefois centrale au niveau national voire mondial. Aujourd’hui appauvri et relégué en situation de « banlieue bordelaise », cet espace voit surgir des tensions qui tendent à se crisper sur les différences religieuses.
Le bled en banlieue
Authors: Selby Jennifer A. , Gotman Anne
Published: November 2017

À partir de données ethnographiques recueillies auprès de musulmans d’origine algérienne habitant une banlieue située au nord‑ouest de Paris, cet article étudie les logiques de choix du conjoint et les liens qu’entretiennent les cérémonies de mariage avec le « pays », ou bled en Algérie. Ces modalités sont d’autant plus remarquables que la législation récente s’emploie à combattre l’augmentation présumée des mariages blancs, gris et forcés, supposément contractés avec des étrangers indésirables. Alors que ces schémas de mariage « transnational » ou « traditionnel » peuvent être interprétés comme une réaction aux mœurs laïques de la France, je souhaite montrer en quoi une Algérie imaginaire peut constituer un répertoire bien plus complexe et toujours vivant d’idéaux socioculturels, politiques, parentaux, sexuels et religieux pour de jeunes français musulmans.
Cadre juridique imprécis, niveau d’exigence faible : quelle place pour l’efficacité de l’action ?
Authors: Buffet Jacky , Camous David-André
Published: November 2017

La coopération décentralisée s’est historiquement construite autour d’un document juridique unique – la convention de coopération – au contenu flou et peu contraignant. Alors que la montée en puissance de l’action internationale des collectivités territoriales françaises aurait pu militer en faveur d’un document plus exigeant en termes d’engagement et de responsabilités, le législateur a préféré s’orienter vers une formule plus souple en le rendant facultatif, voire en le supprimant. Cet article interroge les motivations d’une telle évolution et envisage ses conséquences éventuelles en termes d’« asymétrie » entre « prestataires » et « bénéficiaires », de faibles incitations à la recherche d’efficacité des actions menées et finalement de responsabilité morale et juridique molle face aux bilans contrastés susceptibles d’en découler. De telles évolutions ne suggèrent-elles pas la construction d’un modèle « libertaire » de coopération ?
De la coopération décentralisée à l’action internationale des collectivités : un paradigme économique ?
Authors: Rozier Hadrien
Published: November 2017

L’action internationale des territoires s’était affirmée sur la base d’une pratique solidaire de la coopération décentralisée. Poursuivant des objectifs de rayonnement, les collectivités investissent aujourd’hui l’international dans l’intérêt de leur développement économique. L’observation de plusieurs acteurs appréhendant l’avènement d’un paradigme est-elle pour autant pertinente ? Un changement de paradigme intervient lorsqu’un schéma ne parvient plus à résoudre les anomalies rencontrées, amenant l’idée d’un nouveau modèle à suivre. Si l’idée d’une rupture soudaine ne peut être généralisée, quatre dynamiques marquent une évolution vers de nouveaux principes d’action de l’AICT, acquis au développement local : des territoires plus compétents et responsables sur le plan économique, l’intégration des structures économiques locales dans un système mondialisé, l’appropriation de ces enjeux par les élus et les techniciens, les limites mêmes de la coopération décentralisée.
L’internationalisme municipal comme vecteur de démocratisation
Authors: Kuokštyt˙ Ringail˙
Published: November 2017

L’article s’intéresse à la ville lituanienne de Kaunas, capitale de la Lituanie pendant l’entre-deux-guerres. Cette période fut un moment historique pour le pays, devenu indépendant, et pour les résidents de Kaunas tout particulièrement : la ville se développe en rapport avec la modernité occidentale pour devenir une ville européenne, y compris grâce à l’action extérieure de la municipalité. Malgré des apports techniques et disciplinaires, l’internationalisme municipal permet à la ville de Kaunas de développer, en dépit de tendances centralisatrices, une dynamique locale propre de démocratisation, illustrée par l’importance dont se dote progressivement le rapport, entendu en termes d’ouverture, de la municipalité à la presse. Cette évolution, même si non intentionnée, comporte une signification empirique importante : elle modifie la logique d’interaction entre les autorités municipales et ses administrés et se veut politique.
The Social Life of Policy Reports
Authors: Jamar Astrid
Published: November 2017

Adopting a Latourian approach, this article examines the social role played by policy reports, which are produced and used in the everyday implementation of transitional justice, using the Gacaca Courts in Rwanda as a case study. As glossy end products, transitional justice reports create the image of more efficient processes unaffected by difficult politics. The article traces the journey of Gacaca policy reports and the shift from their envisioned role to their actual performed functions: considered as technical safeguards, reports become central tools in the transitional justice battlefield – almost as if reports were used as weapons while arguing about the past and the nature of the transition. Since transitional justice processes mostly culminate in the production of reports which presume to clarify and make accountable complex legacies of violence, such an analysis contributes significantly to addressing the construction of transitional justice narratives critically. Given the ubiquity of reports in aid-dependent policy implementation, this article draws attention to often glossed-over aspects of complex politics and to the contentious role played by international aid organisations. By doing so, the paper encourages discussions about the materiality of international aid and its social consequences.
Coming like animals
Authors: Kulick Don
Published: November 2017

The evolutionary origin of orgasm in the hominid lineage that led to Homo sapiens has given rise to numerous debates on its eventual adaptive advantages. This article takes a step sideways by exploring other branches and instances of cross-breeding in the tree of life. How do other animal species experience sexual pleasure and orgasm, with a fellow creature or … with a human? After examining the diverse representations of animal pleasure (in popular culture, art, works on artificial insemination, zoophilic pornography), the author suggests that it obliges us to reflect on the configuration and the limits of the ethical universe that we share with animals.
Práticas de letramento e compreensão leitora na escola: a multimodalidade em perspectiva
Authors: Schmitt Briane , Freitas Ernani Cesar de , Gonçalves Iverton Gessé Ribeiro
Published: November 2017

Este estudo propõe-se a compreender e analisar textos multimodais que permeiam as interações comunicativas em sociedade, focando especialmente na maneira como a instituição escolar os maneja e os apresenta aos alunos. O principal objetivo da pesquisa é entender de que maneira o processo de compreensão textual multimodal é realizado pelos estudantes, para que desse estudo possamos pensar formas mais eficazes de trabalhar a multimodalidade.
O clipping na avaliação dos resultados: um guia prático para profissionais de relações públicas
Authors: Machado Jones
Published: November 2017

Este artigo tem como tema o clipping, técnica envolvida no processo de avaliação das práticas de relações públicas, e visa discutir um modo consistente de avaliar a presença das organizações na mídia por meio de análise quantitativa e qualitativa. Tendo isso em vista, propõe-se neste estudo um guia prático para auxiliar, de forma didática, os profissionais nesta importante fase do processo de relações públicas.
Evaluación del capital cultural en la Frontera Uruguayo Brasilera
Authors: Traversa Tejero Ignacio Pablo , Xavier Alvez Juan Francisco Xavier Alvez , Rodríguez Monteblanco Jorge Rodríguez Monteblanco
Published: November 2017

Este estudo foi realizado em um espaço de interface com menor desenvolvimento humano. Foram coletados dados educacionais em dois países: Uruguai e Brasil e calculado o  coeficiente de determinação de Pearson (R). Gerou se uma metodologia válida e conclui se que a escolaridade média dos pais explica em 0,33 a escolaridade dos filhos. A influência dos pais explica um terço do futuro capital cultural de um indivíduo tomado ao acaso, com um efeito maior do pai (0,37) que da mãe (0,27).
“O pica-pau vai invadir sua praia”: as comunicações interna, mercadológica e institucional de uma empresa criativa no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Santos Vieira de Jesus Diego , Viana Rodrigues de Souza Matheus
Published: November 2017

O objetivo é examinar as estratégias de comunicação institucional, mercadológica e interna de uma empresa criativa carioca, a Reserva. Com base em Kunsch (2003) e Bendassolli et al. (2009), argumenta-se que o desenvolvimento das comunicações institucional e mercadológica relaciona-se à tecnologia na difusão e distribuição de bens criativos e a interna ligada à informalidade do processo criativo para a geração de inovação.
Comunicação organizacional e futebol: análise das estratégias comunicativas do Grêmio Gaviões da Fiel
Authors: Azevedo Núbia Maria Silva , Martins Nair Prata Moreira
Published: November 2017

Com a transformação do futebol em negócio, e cada vez mais independentes do clube que representam, tornando-se fundamental uma imagem positiva para sua manutenção, a comunicação organizacional passou a ter grande importância para as torcidas organizadas. Assim, o presente artigo busca analisar os meios de comunicação do Grêmio Gaviões da Fiel, investigando a maneira como a torcida se comunica com seu público. Metodologicamente o estudo tem por base a pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e entrevistas com membros do departamento de comunicação da torcida. Conclui-se que a torcida organizada possui uma boa relação com o torcedor, principalmente por meio do Facebook, entretanto, o marketing esportivo ainda está defasado.
Bichas intelectuais: um manifesto pelos saberes localizados
Authors: Marconi Dieison
Published: November 2017

Este ensaio elabora, a partir da minha posição de bicha, um manifesto em defesa da produção de um conhecimento cientifico posicionado e localizado. Neste sentido, busco expor e contestar os mitos de imparcialidade e objetividade da ciência canônica branca e masculinista, visualizando também uma profanação da figura do intelectual em um contexto contemporâneo de disputa política e luta por reconhecimento.
#Participe: a interatividade do fazer televisual
Authors: Andres Fernanda Sagrilo , Castro Maria Lília Dias de
Published: November 2017

Este estudo, tomando como ponto de partida o papel da televisão frente a nova realidade oferecida por outros dispositivos e plataformas, busca investigar o fenômeno da interatividade, entre emissora e público, que contamina o fazer televisual no país, a partir das três temporadas dos programas SuperStar e MasterChef.
AIDS Represented Within the Media
Authors: MacIsaac Emily
Published: November 2017

This paper is about the media portrayal of HIV/AIDS within America primarily during the first two decades of the epidemic. This paper will outline different types of media and how they portrayed those affected with this illness. The news mainly indicated that those who were gay, intravenous drug-users, or haemophiliacs were the key demographic to contract HIV/AIDS. Many began to feel invincible to HIV/AIDS because the media was highlighting specific demographics of people. The Center of Disease Control’s (CDC) statistics indicate that gay men were not the ‘high risk’ population, but young African and Hispanic adults were at highest risk. The purpose of this paper is to indicate that the media swayed public opinion, as seen in Kathleen Farrell’s study, which spread misconceptions about how this illness was contracted, transmitted, and how HIV positive individuals led their lives.
Creating a Regional Nature Park: A Case Study on Community Engagement in Developing the Mill Creek Nature Park in the Town of Riverview, New Brunswick
Authors: DeLong Daniel S.
Published: November 2017

This paper explores the development and management of the Mill Creek Nature Park in the Town of Riverview, New Brunswick. The park is under-development on a 217 ha plot of land owned by the municipality on the eastern edge of Riverview. The site is unique due to its proximity to a rapidly developing residential area and the presence of a dam and reservoir (installed by the Canadian Navy in the 1950s). This paper investigates the Mill Creek Nature Park in the context of three development themes: inception, consultation, and materialization. The findings offer insight into the genesis of environment-based municipal projects, the importance of engaging community in the early planning-phase of park development, and the subsequent development process for the implementation of the park plan. Additionally, peer-reviewed literature is consulted to provide a brief overview of the value of green space and why the broader community should be involved in the planning and development of local parklands. The information highlighted in this paper serves as a valuable overview of the creation of a regional nature park in the context of New Brunswick, Canada and can provide insight into the early development process for other municipalities seeking to develop a park of a similar size and scope within their own communities.
Genetic Discrimination: Information Privacy in Public and Private Sectors
Authors: Faulkner Colleen
Published: November 2017

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), is the information of life. The scientific understanding of genetics and biotechnology has resulted in the increased availability and affordability of genetic testing. Such testing can provide valuable information to help individuals make informed decisions regarding their lifestyle and health care. In today’s era of big data and the internet, if such information finds itself in the wrong hands there can be consequences. Genetic discrimination, the unfair treatment of people due to their genetic makeup, often takes place in the insurance industry and by employers. While there are acts and bills to protect Canadian’s personal information in both the public and private sector, Canada remains the only G-7 country without specific protections against genetic discrimination. With the recent passing of Bill S-201: An Act to Prohibit and Prevent Genetic Discrimination in the Senate, Canada is on the cusp of passing legislation to prohibit the requirement for genetic testing, and/or disclosure of test results, in areas such as the provision of insurance and employment.
Newfoundland & Labrador: Rolling Blackouts, The Liberty Reports, & The Role of Reliability in Energy Provision
Authors: Kind Sydni
Published: November 2017

Newfoundland’s electrical system experienced significant outage periods in January 2013 and January 2014 that left a large portion of the Island population without power for days at a time.  The inability of the electric system to maintain operations, even considering record winter weather occurrences, raised concerns with consumers and the government about the ability of the system to survive long-term.  Newfoundland’s energy sector operates as a monopoly system, partially owned and operated by the Crown.  Lacking a connection to the mainland system on the Island portion of the province, there is a level of self-reliance placed on the system that is uncommon in North America.  The paper discusses the Board of Commissioners of Public Utilities’ authority to commence an investigation and the resulting Liberty Consulting Group report that analyzed the system and its areas of improvement. The Newfoundland system’s lack of reliability standards is compared to the standards of the North America Electric Reliability Corporation, as well as the Ontario and Alberta systems.  It concludes with the forward-looking consideration of the Muskrat Falls Development and its potential to positively impact the Newfoundland electrical system.
Differences In Male Collegiate And Recreationally Trained Soccer Players On Balance, Agility, And Vertical Jump Performance
Authors: Sauls Nicole M. , Dabbs Nicole C.
Published: November 2017

Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the differences in collegiate and recreationally trained soccer players in sprint, vertical jump, and balance performance. Methods: Twenty-one soccer players, twelve Division II collegiate and nine recreationally trained volunteered to participate. Session one acted as a familiarization day, where the participants were familiarized with testing day protocols. During testing day, participants performed a dynamic warm-up, followed by balance measurements, three countermovement vertical jumps, and pro-agility shuttle test. Results: There were no significant (p>0.05) differences between groups in the all balance variables. Collegiate soccer players had a significantly (p<0.05) greater peak velocity in vertical jump then recreationally trained soccer players. There were significant differences (p<0.05) between groups for maximum for split velocities, where collegiate soccer players were greater than recreationally trained soccer players. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences in groups in all other variables. Conclusion: These results indicate that collegiate, Division II, soccer players had greater vertical jumping and sprinting velocities when compared to recreationally trained soccer players. These results may have been impacted by the lack of resistance training background in either of the two groups. With the addition of more time on a collegiate resistance training program, it is very likely the Division II athletes will see a significant increase in all balance, sprint, and vertical jump performance measures compared to recreationally trained players who receive little to no specialized resistance training.
Adiponectina e sua relação com o exercício aeróbico na prevenção da evolução do diabetes melito gestacional para o diabetes melito tipo 2 no pós parto
Authors: De Jesus Silva Francine Menezes , Nobrega Amorim Claudio Roberto , Lins Ribas José Lázaro
Published: November 2017

As alterações metabólicas necessárias para o desenvolvimento da gestação podem desencadear processos patológicos, como o diabetes melito gestacional (DMG). Essa condição é um preditor de risco para o estabelecimento do diabetes melito tipo 2 (DM2), uma morbidade associada ao grande comprometimento da qualidade de vida. A adiponectina (AdipoQ), hormônio produzido pelos adipócitos, surge como um importante sinalizador de risco para evolução do DMG em DM tipo 2, em mulheres com histórico do DMG em alguma de suas gestações. A AdipoQ é encontrada no plasma sanguíneo em frações de diferentes densidades. Baixa concentração nos níveis de AdipoQ representa grande risco para o desenvolvimento do DM2 até 10 anos após o parto. A atividade física é uma ferramenta no tratamento do DM2, promovendo alterações agudas e crônicas que podem diminuir a glicemia, ou mesmo permitir o controle sem medicamento. Nesse contexto, foi investigada a atividade física como possível fator preventivo na medição dos níveis de AdipoQ, para influenciar no risco de estabelecimento do DM2 no pós-parto, em mulheres com diagnóstico do DMG.
Influência do tempo de vida nos resultados da Triagem Auditiva Neonatal
Authors: Pereira Maria Cecília Castello Silva , Ribeiro Laiane Lima , De Sena Eduardo Pondé
Published: November 2017

Introdução: A deficiência auditiva não diagnosticada nos primeiros meses de vida traz prejuízos ao desenvolvimento linguístico e social da criança. Recomenda-se a Triagem Auditiva Neonatal Universal (TANU) com testes objetivos para a detecção de perdas auditivas congênitas. No entanto, existe um questionamento a respeito do tempo de vida ideal para realização do teste, uma vez que pesquisas indicam maiores índices de falha na realização do teste com menos de 48h de vida. Objetivo: Verificar associação entre o tempo de vida do neonato no momento do teste auditivo e a “falha” na TAN. Metodologia: Estudo tipo quantitativo, retrospectivo, descritivo, no qual foi realizada análise de 1499 recém-nascidos submetidos a um Programa de Triagem Auditiva Neonatal (PTAN) em um hospital da rede particular de Salvador. Os neonatos foram divididos em grupos de acordo com a idade no momento do teste, denominando-se Grupo I neonatos com menos de 36 horas, Grupo II neonatos entre 36 e 48 horas e Grupo III com mais de 48 horas. Resultado: dos 1499 RNs, 105 eram do Grupo I, sendo que dez falharam no teste e um permaneceu com a falha no reteste (0,95% de GI); 1116 RNs pertenciam ao Grupo II, com falha de 105 RNs no teste e 13 no reteste (1,16% de GII) e 278 RNs faziam parte do Grupo III, com 24 falhas no teste e oito no reteste (2,9% de GIII). Conclusão: Os dados da presente pesquisa indicam que não houve associação entre o tempo de vida no momento da realização do exame e o resultado “falha”.
Implicações sistêmicas e conduta clínica da síndrome do respirador bucal: revisão da literatura
Authors: Da Cunha Taís De Morais Alves , Mendes Carlos Maurício Cardeal
Published: November 2017

Introdução: a Síndrome do Respirador Bucal é uma desordem respiratória na qual ocorre a substituição da respiração nasal por respiração predominantemente bucal, que pode estar relacionada a obstruções nasais, hábitos bucais inadequados ou fatores genéticos. Tal alteração no padrão respiratório em crianças requer tratamento multidisciplinar e precoce, em virtude da amplitude de

alterações sistêmicas e de desenvolvimento que pode provocar. Objetivo: realizar uma revisão de literatura no intuito de atualizar o conhecimento científico produzido sobre este tema nos últimos dez anos de forma a contribuir para a prática clínica de profissionais de diversas especialidades que estão envolvidos no acompanhamento de pacientes respiradores bucais. Metodologia: os descritores,

obstrução das vias respiratórias, respiração bucal e tonsilectomia, foram pesquisados nas bases de dados SciELO e PubMed. Dentre os artigos pesquisados, foram selecionados 24 por abordarem as características clínicas, implicações sistêmicas e condutas terapêuticas relacionadas à Síndrome do respirador bucal. Conclusão: para minimizar os danos sistêmicos decorrente do uso prolongado da via de

respiração oral, diversos profissionais de saúde devem atuar em conjunto para que o diagnóstico seja precoce e o tratamento efetivo.
Exceptional Air Mass Transport and Dynamical Drivers of an Extreme Wintertime Arctic Warm Event
Authors: Binder Hanin , Boettcher Maxi , Grams Christian M. , Joos Hanna , Pfahl Stephan , Wernli Heini
Published: November 2017

At the turn of the years 2015/2016, maximum surface temperature in the Arctic reached record‐high values, exceeding the melting point, which led to a strong reduction of the Arctic sea ice extent in the middle of the cold season. Here we show, using a Lagrangian method, that a combination of very different airstreams contributed to this event: (i) warm low‐level air of subtropical origin, (ii) initially cold low‐level air of polar origin heated by surface fluxes, and (iii) strongly descending air heated by adiabatic compression. The poleward transport of these warm airstreams occurred along an intense low‐level jet between a series of cyclones and a quasi‐stationary anticyclone. The complex 3‐D configuration that enabled this transport was facilitated by continuous warm conveyor belt ascent into the upper part of the anticyclone. This study emphasizes the combined role of multiple transport processes and transient synoptic‐scale dynamics for establishing an extreme Arctic warm event.
H
alopiger
Authors: Ventosa Antonio , de la Haba Rafael R.
Published: November 2017

Ha.lo.pi'ger. Gr. n.
hals, halos
salt; L. masc. adj.
piger
lazy; N.L. masc. n.
Halopiger
lazy halophile, referring to the slow growth under laboratory conditions.

Euryarchaeota / Halobacteria / Natrialbales / Natrialbaceae / Halopiger

The genus
Halopiger
is classified within the family
Natrialbaceae
and the order
Natrialbales
, in the class
Halobacteria
. The cells are pleomorphic and stain Gram‐negative. Colonies are red‐, pink‐, or cream‐pigmented. They are strictly aerobic neutrophilic (optimal growth at pH 7.0–8.0) extreme halophiles growing in media containing 1.7–5.4 M NaCl. Mg
2+
is not required for growth. Polar lipids include phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, and bis‐sulfated diglycosyl diether (S
2
‐DGD‐1). Currently, the genus includes three species:
Halopiger xanaduensis
(type species of the genus),
Halopiger aswanensis
, and
Halopiger salifodinae
. The strains of these species were isolated from the sediment of a saline lake, a hypersaline soil, and a salt mine, respectively.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 62.5–67.1 (HPLC or
T
m
); 65.2–65.4 (genome).

Type species
:
Halopiger xanaduensis
Gutiérrez, Castillo, Kamekura, Xue, Ma, Cowan, Jones, Grant and Ventosa 2007, 1404
VP
.
Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated With Nonsurgical Osteoarthritis Treatment Among Patients in Outpatient Clinics
Authors: Abbate Lauren M. , Jeffreys Amy S. , Coffman Cynthia J. , Schwartz Todd A. , Arbeeva Liubov , Callahan Leigh F. , Negbenebor Nicole A. , Kohrt Wendy M. , Schwartz Robert S. , Vina Ernest , Allen Kelli D.
Published: November 2017

Objective

To identify patient demographic and clinical characteristics associated with osteoarthritis (OA) treatment use.

Methods

This was a secondary data analysis of 3 clinical trials among patients with hip or knee OA conducted in Duke Primary Care practices, the Durham Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Care System, and the University of North Carolina–Chapel Hill (UNC). At baseline, participants reported sociodemographic characteristics, OA‐related pain and function, and OA treatment use, including oral analgesics, topical creams, joint injections, and physical therapy. Separate, multivariable logistic models (adjusted for clustering of clinics and providers for the Duke and VA cohorts) were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the associations between participant characteristics and each type of OA treatment.

Results

Oral analgesic use was reported by 70–82% of participants across the 3 cohorts. Physical therapy, knee injections, and topical creams were used by 39–52%, 55–60%, and 25–39% of Duke, VA, and UNC participants, respectively. In multivariable models, worse pain, stiffness, and function, per 5‐unit increase, were associated with greater odds of using any oral analgesic for the cohorts from Duke (OR 1.18 [95% CI 1.08–1.28]) and UNC (OR 1.14 [95% CI 1.05–1.24]), but not for the VA cohort (OR 1.04 [95% CI 0.95–1.14]). For all 3 cohorts, nonwhites had higher odds of using topical creams compared to whites.

Conclusion

Results suggest potential underutilization of therapies other than oral analgesics. Patient characteristics may affect OA treatment use, and understanding the relationship between these factors and OA treatment preferences may improve adherence to OA treatment guidelines.
Robust centralized and weighted measurement fusion white noise deconvolution estimators for multisensor systems with mixed uncertainties
Authors: Liu Wen‐Qiang , Wang Xue‐Mei , Deng Zi‐Li
Published: November 2017

Estimating the input signal of a system is called deconvolution or input estimation. The white noise deconvolution has important applications in oil seismic exploration, communications, and signal processing. This paper addresses the design of robust centralized fusion (CF) and weighted measurement fusion (WMF) white noise deconvolution estimators for a class of uncertain multisensor systems with mixed uncertainties, including uncertain‐variance multiplicative noises in measurement matrix, missing measurements, and uncertain‐variance linearly correlated measurement and process white noises. By introducing the fictitious noise, the considered system is converted into one with only uncertain noise variances. According to the minimax robust estimation principle, based on the worst‐case system with the conservative upper bounds of uncertain noise variances, the robust CF and WMF time‐varying white noise deconvolution estimators (predictor, filter, and smoother) are presented in a unified framework. Applying the Lyapunov equation approach, their robustness is proved in the sense that their actual estimation error variances are guaranteed to have the corresponding minimal upper bounds for all admissible uncertainties. Using the information filter, their equivalence is proved. Their accuracy relations are proved. The computational complexities are analyzed and compared. Compared with the CF algorithm, the WMF algorithms can significantly reduce the computational burden when the number of sensors is larger. The corresponding robust fused steady‐state white noise deconvolution estimators are also presented. A simulation example with respect to the multisensor IS‐136 communication systems shows the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed results.
High‐Efficient Clearable Nanoparticles for Multi‐Modal Imaging and Image‐Guided Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wei Qiaolin , Chen Yao , Ma Xibo , Ji Jianfeng , Qiao Yue , Zhou Bo , Ma Fei , Ling Daishun , Zhang Hong , Tian Mei , Tian Jie , Zhou Min
Published: November 2017

Renal‐clearable nanoparticles have made it possible to overcome the toxicity by nonspecific accumulation in healthy tissues/organs due to their highly efficient clearance characteristics. However, their tumor uptake is relatively low due to the short blood circulation time and rapid body elimination. Here, this problem is addressed by developing renal‐clearable nanoparticles by controlled coating of sub‐6 nm CuS nanodots (CuSNDs) on doxorubicin ladened mesoporous silica nanoparticles (pore size ≈6 nm) for multimodal application. High tumor uptake of the as‐synthesized nanoparticles (abbreviated as MDNs) is achieved due to the longer blood circulation time. The MDNs also show excellent performance in bimodal imaging. Moreover, the MDNs demonstrated a photothermally sensitive drug release and pronounced synergetic effects of chemo‐photothermal therapy, which were confirmed by two different tumor models in vivo. A novel key feature of the proposed synthesis is the use of renal‐clearable CuSNDs and biodegradable mesoporous silica nanoparticles which also are renal‐clearable after degradation. Therefore, the MDNs would be rapidly degraded and excreted in a reasonable period in living body and avoid long‐term toxicity. Such biodegradable and clearable single‐compartment theranostic agents applicable in highly integrated multimodal imaging and multiple therapeutic functions may have substantial potentials in clinical practice.
Ternary Nonfullerene Polymer Solar Cells with 12.16% Efficiency by Introducing One Acceptor with Cascading Energy Level and Complementary Absorption
Authors: Jiang Weigang , Yu Runnan , Liu Zhiyang , Peng Ruixiang , Mi Dongbo , Hong Ling , Wei Qiang , Hou Jianhui , Kuang Yongbo , Ge Ziyi
Published: November 2017

A novel small‐molecule acceptor, (2,2′‐((5E,5′E)‐5,5′‐((5,5′‐(4,4,9,9‐tetrakis(5‐hexylthiophen‐2‐yl)‐4,9‐dihydro‐s‐indaceno[1,2‐b:5,6‐b′]dithiophene‐2,7‐diyl)bis(4‐(2‐ethylhexyl)thiophene‐5,2‐diyl))bis(methanylylidene)) bis(3‐hexyl‐4‐oxothiazolidine‐5,2‐diylidene))dimalononitrile (ITCN), end‐capped with electron‐deficient 2‐(3‐hexyl‐4‐oxothiazolidin‐2‐ylidene)malononitrile groups, is designed, synthesized, and used as the third component in fullerene‐free ternary polymer solar cells (PSCs). The cascaded energy‐level structure enabled by the newly designed acceptor is beneficial to the carrier transport and separation. Meanwhile, the three materials show a complementary absorption in the visible region, resulting in efficient light harvesting. Hence, the PBDB‐T:ITCN:IT‐M ternary PSCs possess a high short‐circuit current density (Jsc) under an optimal weight ratio of donors and acceptors. Moreover, the open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of the ternary PSCs is enhanced with an increase of the third acceptor ITCN content, which is attributed to the higher lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level of ITCN than that of IT‐M, thus exhibits a higher Voc in PBDB‐T:ITCN binary system. Ultimately, the ternary PSCs achieve a power conversion efficiency of 12.16%, which is higher than the PBDB‐T:ITM‐based PSCs (10.89%) and PBDB‐T:ITCN‐based ones (2.21%). This work provides an effective strategy to improve the photovoltaic performance of PSCs.
Markups and product differentiation in the German brewing sector
Authors: Karagiannis Giannis , Kellermann Magnus , Pröll Simon , Salhofer Klaus
Published: November 2017

In this paper, we provide a method to separate the product differentiation markup from other sources of market power, i.e., collusive behavior or lack of market transparency, based on the estimation of a single reduced form equation. We apply this method to a sample of about 200 breweries in Germany, because beer is a differentiated product and at the same time the sector has repeatedly been suspected to show collusive behavior. Our empirical results show that a significant part of the estimated markup is due to product differentiation. This is especially true for beers produced in Bavaria. However, there are other important sources of imperfect competition. Markups are higher for large firms and increase over time. In addition, we observe increasing returns to scale and average costs above marginal costs. Hence, in the German brewing sector a high markup does not necessarily translate into a high profit margin. [EconLit citations: L13; L66].
An in situ Dynamic Continuum of Supramolecular Phosphoglycopeptides Enables Formation of 3D Cell Spheroids
Authors: Wang Huaimin , Shi Junfeng , Feng Zhaoqianqi , Zhou Rong , Wang Shiyu , Rodal Avital A. , Xu Bing
Published: November 2017

Higher‐order assemblies of proteins, with a structural and dynamic continuum, is an important concept in biology, but these insights have yet to be applied in designing biomaterials. Dynamic assemblies of supramolecular phosphoglycopeptides (sPGPs) transform a 2D cell sheet into 3D cell spheroids. A ligand–receptor interaction between a glycopeptide and a phosphopeptide produces sPGPs that form nanoparticles, which transform into nanofibrils upon partial enzymatic dephosphorylation. The assemblies form dynamically and hierarchically in situ on the cell surface, and interact with the extracellular matrix molecules and effectively abolish contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL) of the cells. Integrating molecular recognition, catalysis, and assembly, these active assemblies act as a dynamic continuum to disrupt CIL, thus illustrating a new kind of biomaterial for regulating cell behavior.
Direct Dehydroxytrifluoromethoxylation of Alcohols
Authors: Jiang Xiaohuan , Deng Zhijie , Tang Pingping
Published: November 2017

The first example of a direct dehydroxytrifluoromethoxylation of alcohols has been developed. This method generated an alkyl fluoroformate in situ from alcohols, followed by nucleophilic trifluoromethoxylation with trifluoromethyl arylsulfonate (TFMS) as the trifluoromethoxylation reagent. The reaction is operationally simple and scalable, and it proceeds under mild reaction conditions to provide access to a wide range of trifluoromethyl ethers from alcohols. In addition, this method is suitable for the late‐stage trifluoromethoxylation of complex small molecules.
Spata‐13,17‐dien‐Synthase – ein Enzym mit Sesqui‐, Di‐ und Sesterterpen‐Synthase‐Aktivität aus Streptomyces xinghaiensis
Authors: Rinkel Jan , Lauterbach Lukas , Dickschat Jeroen S.
Published: November 2017

Eine Terpensynthase aus dem marinen Bakterium Streptomyces xinghaiensis wurde charakterisiert, einschließlich einer vollen Strukturaufklärung ihrer Produkte aus verschiedenen Substraten. Weiterhin wurden detaillierte Untersuchungen des Enzymmechanismus durch Isotopenmarkierungsexperimente, Variationen des Metallcofaktors und Mutageneseexperimente durchgeführt. Die Daten zeigten eine Abhängigkeit der Mn2+‐katalysierten Reaktion von der Gegenwart von Asp‐217, einem Rest, der in anderen bakteriellen Terpensynthasen von einem hochkonservierten Glu eingenommen wird.
Biocatalytic Oxidative Cascade for the Conversion of Fatty Acids into α‐Ketoacids via Internal H2O2 Recycling
Authors: Gandomkar Somayyeh , Dennig Alexander , Dordic Andela , Hammerer Lucas , Pickl Mathias , Haas Thomas , Hall Mélanie , Faber Kurt
Published: November 2017

The functionalization of bio‐based chemicals is essential to allow valorization of natural carbon sources. An atom‐efficient biocatalytic oxidative cascade was developed for the conversion of saturated fatty acids to α‐ketoacids. Employment of P450 monooxygenase in the peroxygenase mode for regioselective α‐hydroxylation of fatty acids combined with enantioselective oxidation by α‐hydroxyacid oxidase(s) resulted in internal recycling of the oxidant H2O2, thus minimizing degradation of ketoacid product and maximizing biocatalyst lifetime. The O2‐dependent cascade relies on catalytic amounts of H2O2 and releases water as sole by‐product. Octanoic acid was converted under mild conditions in aqueous buffer to 2‐oxooctanoic acid in a simultaneous one‐pot two‐step cascade in up to >99 % conversion without accumulation of hydroxyacid intermediate. Scale‐up allowed isolation of final product in 91 % yield and the cascade was applied to fatty acids of various chain lengths (C6:0 to C10:0).
Spata‐13,17‐diene Synthase—An Enzyme with Sesqui‐, Di‐, and Sesterterpene Synthase Activity from Streptomyces xinghaiensis
Authors: Rinkel Jan , Lauterbach Lukas , Dickschat Jeroen S.
Published: November 2017

A terpene synthase from the marine bacterium Streptomyces xinghaiensis has been characterised, including a full structure elucidation of its products from various substrates and an in‐depth investigation of the enzyme mechanism by isotope labelling experiments, metal cofactor variations, and mutation experiments. The results revealed an interesting dependency of Mn2+ catalysis on the presence of Asp‐217, a residue that is occupied by a highly conserved Glu in most other bacterial terpene synthases.
Data processing chain for high spatial resolution magnetic survey: Application on the Neolithic site of le Pontet (Charente‐maritime, France)
Authors: Bruniaux Guillaume , Mathé Vivien , Lévêque François , Camus Adrien , Ard Vincent
Published: November 2017

This article focusses on an original magnetic survey protocol and its data processing chain. The use of a high sensitive magnetometer combined with a motorized total station permits production of a magnetic map with a high spatial resolution and a high precision of magnetic and positional measurements. The data processing enhances the final magnetic map by the removal and restoring the outlier values, measurement errors and magnetic disturbances. The magnetic survey was undertaken on the Neolithic site of Le Pontet at Saint‐Nazaire‐sur‐Charente (French Atlantic coast, between Bordeaux and La Rochelle). The site was chosen for geographical and archaeological characteristics such as its settlement period, the topography and the presence of different magnetic disturbances (proximity to roads and residential area). The data processing is mainly made on ungridded data and the gridding is the second to last step. The last step is to correct the relative height variation of the sensors between the prospecting lines (tracks) induced by the topography and operators. The use of a motorized total station allows accurate height determination of the sensors and an upward continuation is performed to correct the slight magnetic intensity variation induced by the relative height variation of the sensors. The results of the magnetic map bring out several causewayed enclosures, pits and postholes. This map will serve as a working basis for interdisciplinary studies and future archaeological studies of this site.
Exposure to a specific time‐varying electromagnetic field inhibits cell proliferation via cAMP and ERK signaling in cancer cells
Authors: Buckner Carly A. , Buckner Alison L. , Koren Stan A. , Persinger Michael A. , Lafrenie Robert M.
Published: November 2017

Exposure to specific electromagnetic field (EMF) patterns can affect a variety of biological systems. We have shown that exposure to Thomas‐EMF, a low‐intensity, frequency‐modulated (25–6 Hz) EMF pattern, inhibited growth and altered cell signaling in malignant cells. Exposure to Thomas‐EMF for 1 h/day inhibited the growth of malignant cells including B16‐BL6 mouse melanoma cells, MDA‐MB‐231, MDA‐MB‐468, BT‐20, and MCF‐7 human breast cancer and HeLa cervical cancer cells but did not affect non‐malignant cells. The Thomas‐EMF‐dependent changes in cell proliferation were mediated by adenosine 3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and extracellular‐signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathways. Exposure of malignant cells to Thomas‐EMF transiently changed the level of cellular cAMP and promoted ERK phosphorylation. Pharmacologic inhibitors (SQ22536) and activators (forskolin) of cAMP production both blocked the ability of Thomas‐EMF to inhibit cell proliferation, and an inhibitor of the MAP kinase pathway (PD98059) was able to partially block Thomas‐EMF‐dependent inhibition of cell proliferation. Genetic modulation of protein kinase A (PKA) in B16‐BL6 cells also altered the effect of Thomas‐EMF on cell proliferation. Cells transfected with the constitutively active form of PKA (PKA‐CA), which interfered with ERK phosphorylation, also interfered with the Thomas‐EMF effect on cell proliferation. The non‐malignant cells did not show any EMF‐dependent changes in cAMP levels, ERK phosphorylation, or cell growth. These data indicate that exposure to the specific Thomas‐EMF pattern can inhibit the growth of malignant cells in a manner dependent on contributions from the cAMP and MAP kinase pathways. Bioelectromagnetics. 39;217–230, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Simeprevir oxidative degradation product: Molecular modeling, in silico toxicity and resolution by synchronous spectrofluorimetry
Authors: Attia Khalid A. M. , El‐Abasawi Nasr M. , El‐Olemy Ahmed , Serag Ahmed
Published: November 2017

In this article, one of the potential degradation products of the novel antiviral drug simeprevir was isolated and characterized by means of infrared (IR) and mass spectrometry. Moreover, comparative molecular docking, ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion – toxicity) and insilico toxicity prediction studies were applied to evaluate the activity of simeprevir and its degradation product. Furthermore,a simple, accurate and selective second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetric method was developed for the determination of simeprevir in the presence of its oxidative degradation product.The synchronous fluorescence spectra of both compounds were measured in ethanol at pH 2.0 usingΔλ of 140 nm and the peak amplitude of the second derivative spectra were measured at 442 nm. The method was rectilinear over the concentration range of 0.2 to 2.0 μg/ml and validated according to the ICH (International Conference on Harmonization) guidelines. Moreover, the method was statistically compared to the reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) method and good results were obtained.
Comparison of themRNAexpression profile of B‐cell receptor components in normalCD5‐high B‐lymphocytes and chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a key role of ZAP70
Authors: Gladkikh Aleena A. , Potashnikova Daria M. , Tatarskiy Victor , Yastrebova Margarita , Khamidullina Alvina , Barteneva Natasha , Vorobjev Ivan
Published: November 2017

The B‐cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway is of great importance for B‐cell survival and proliferation. The BCR expressed on malignant B‐CLL cells contributes to the disease pathogenesis, and its signaling pathway is currently the target of several therapeutic strategies. Although various BCR alterations have been described in B‐CLL at the protein level, the mRNA expression levels of tyrosine kinases in B‐CLL compared to that in normal CD5‐high and CD5‐low B‐lymphocytes remain unknown. In the current study, we measured the mRNA expression levels ofCD79A,CD79B,LYN,SYK,SHP1, andZAP70in purified populations of CD5‐high B‐CLL cells, CD5‐low B‐cells from the peripheral blood of healthy donors, and CD5‐high B‐cells from human tonsils. Here, we report a clear separation in the B‐CLL dataset between theZAP70‐high andZAP70‐low subgroups. Each subgroup has a unique expression profile of BCR signaling components that might reflect the functional status of the BCR signaling pathway. Moreover, theZAP70‐low subgroup does not resemble either CD5‐high B‐lymphocytes from the tonsils or CD5‐low lymphocytes from PBMC (P < 0.05). We also show thatZAP70is the only gene that is differentially expressed in CD5‐high and CD5‐low normal B‐lymphocytes, confirming the key role of Zap‐70 tyrosine kinase in BCR signaling alterations in B‐CLL.