bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome classification reveals molecular subtypes in psoriasis
Authors: Ainali Chrysanthi , Valeyev Najl , Perera Gayathri , Williams Andrew , Gudjonsson Johann E , Ouzounis Christos A , Nestle Frank O , Tsoka Sophia
Published: September 2012

Background

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease characterised by chronically elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, leading to aberrant keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Although certain clinical phenotypes, such as plaque psoriasis, are well defined, it is currently unclear whether there are molecular subtypes that might impact on prognosis or treatment outcomes.

Results

We present a pipeline for patient stratification through a comprehensive analysis of gene expression in paired lesional and non-lesional psoriatic tissue samples, compared with controls, to establish differences in RNA expression patterns across all tissue types. Ensembles of decision tree predictors were employed to cluster psoriatic samples on the basis of gene expression patterns and reveal gene expression signatures that best discriminate molecular disease subtypes. This multi-stage procedure was applied to several published psoriasis studies and a comparison of gene expression patterns across datasets was performed.

Conclusion

Overall, classification of psoriasis gene expression patterns revealed distinct molecular sub-groups within the clinical phenotype of plaque psoriasis. Enrichment for TGFb and ErbB signaling pathways, noted in one of the two psoriasis subgroups, suggested that this group may be more amenable to therapies targeting these pathways. Our study highlights the potential biological relevance of using ensemble decision tree predictors to determine molecular disease subtypes, in what may initially appear to be a homogenous clinical group. The R code used in this paper is available upon request.
A trans-disciplinary approach to the evaluation of social determinants of health in a hispanic population
Authors: Dulin Michael F , Tapp Hazel , Smith Heather A , de Hernandez Brisa Urquieta , Coffman Maren J , Ludden Tom , Sorensen Janni , Furuseth Owen J
Published: September 2012

Background

Individual and community health are adversely impacted by disparities in health outcomes among disadvantaged and vulnerable populations. Understanding the underlying causes for variations in health outcomes is an essential step towards developing effective interventions to ameliorate inequalities and subsequently improve overall community health. Working at the neighborhood scale, this study examines multiple social determinates that can cause health disparities including low neighborhood wealth, weak social networks, inadequate public infrastructure, the presence of hazardous materials in or near a neighborhood, and the lack of access to primary care services. The goal of this research is to develop innovative and replicable strategies to improve community health in disadvantaged communities such as newly arrived Hispanic immigrants.

Methods/design

This project is taking place within a primary care practice-based research network (PBRN) using key principles of community-based participatory research (CBPR). Associations between social determinants and rates of hospitalizations, emergency department (ED) use, and ED use for primary care treatable or preventable conditions are being examined. Geospatial models are in development using both hospital and community level data to identify local areas where interventions to improve disparities would have the greatest impact. The developed associations between social determinants and health outcomes as well as the geospatial models will be validated using community surveys and qualitative methods. A rapidly growing and underserved Hispanic immigrant population will be the target of an intervention informed by the research process to impact utilization of primary care services and designed, deployed, and evaluated using the geospatial tools and qualitative research findings. The purpose of this intervention will be to reduce health disparities by improving access to, and utilization of, primary care and preventative services.

Discussion

The results of this study will demonstrate the importance of several novel approaches to ameliorating health disparities, including the use of CBPR, the effectiveness of community-based interventions to influence health outcomes by leveraging social networks, and the importance of primary care access in ameliorating health disparities.
Oral health conditions and frailty in Mexican community-dwelling elderly: a cross sectional analysis
Authors: Castrejón-Pérez Roberto Carlos , Borges-Yáñez S Aída , Gutiérrez-Robledo Luis M , Ávila-Funes J Alberto
Published: September 2012

Background

Oral health is an important component of general well-being for the elderly. Oral health-related problems include loss of teeth, nonfunctional removable dental prostheses, lesions of the oral mucosa, periodontitis, and root caries. They affect food selection, speaking ability, mastication, social relations, and quality of life. Frailty is a geriatric syndrome that confers vulnerability to negative health-related outcomes. The association between oral health and frailty has not been explored thoroughly. This study sought to identify associations between the presence of some oral health conditions, and frailty status among Mexican community-dwelling elderly.

Methods

Analysis of baseline data of the Mexican Study of Nutritional and Psychosocial Markers of Frailty, a cohort study carried out in a representative sample of people aged 70 and older residing in one district of Mexico City. Frailty was defined as the presence of three or more of the following five components: weight loss, exhaustion, slowness, weakness, and low physical activity. Oral health variables included self-perception of oral health compared with others of the same age; utilization of dental services during the last year, number of teeth, dental condition (edentate, partially edentate, or completely dentate), utilization and functionality of removable partial or complete dentures, severe periodontitis, self-reported chewing problems and xerostomia. Covariates included were gender, age, years of education, cognitive performance, smoking status, recent falls, hospitalization, number of drugs, and comorbidity. The association between frailty and dental variables was determined performing a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Final models were adjusted by socio-demographic and health factors

Results

Of the 838 participants examined, 699 had the information needed to establish the criteria for diagnosis of frailty. Those who had a higher probability of being frail included women (OR = 1.9), those who reported myocardial infarction (OR = 3.8), urinary incontinence (OR = 2.7), those who rated their oral health worse than others (OR = 3.2), and those who did not use dental services (OR = 2.1). For each additional year of age and each additional drug consumed, the probability of being frail increased 10% and 30%, respectively.

Conclusions

Utilization of dental services and self-perception of oral health were associated with a higher probability of being frail.
Personality of outpatients with malignant tumors: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Sakakibara Toshihiko , Kasai Yuichi
Published: September 2012

Background

There have been scarce large-scale studies investigating the personality of patients with malignant tumors. The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristic personality in malignant tumors outpatients.

Methods

Three thousand and three among 5013 consecutive outpatients who consented to answer the Japanese Maudsley Personality Inventory questionnaires were divided into two groups. 603 outpatients diagnosed with malignant tumors (M group) and the other 2400 outpatients (non-M group) were enrolled in this study. We determined three scores such as introversion/extroversion (E-score), neuroticism (N-score), and lie detection (L-score). All data were used to compare the two groups.

Results

Average E-score was slightly higher, and average N-score was slightly lower in M group than that in non-M group, and no significant differences between the two groups. However, the average L-score in M group was significant higher than that in non-M group (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

Outpatients with malignant tumors showed a significantly higher L-score on MPI when compared with patients with non-malignant tumors. These results stress the importance of taking the mentality of patients with cancer into consideration when conducting treatment and care.
Clustering of energy balance-related behaviors in 5-year-old children: Lifestyle patterns and their longitudinal association with weight status development in early childhood
Authors: Gubbels Jessica S , Kremers Stef PJ , Stafleu Annette , Goldbohm R Alexandra , de Vries Nanne K , Thijs Carel
Published: September 2012

Background

This study identified lifestyle patterns by examining the clustering of eating routines (e.g. eating together as a family, having the television on during meals, duration of meals) and various activity-related behaviors (i.e. physical activity (PA) and sedentary screen-based behavior) in 5-year-old children, as well as the longitudinal association of these patterns with weight status (BMI and overweight) development up to age 8.

Methods

Data originated from the KOALA Birth Cohort Study (N = 2074 at age 5). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify lifestyle patterns. Backward regression analyses were used to examine the association of lifestyle patterns with parent and child background characteristics, as well as the longitudinal associations between the patterns and weight status development.

Results

Four lifestyle patterns emerged from the PCA: a ‘Television–Snacking’ pattern, a ‘Sports–Computer’ pattern, a ‘Traditional Family’ pattern, and a “Fast’ Food’ pattern. Child gender and parental educational level, working hours and body mass index were significantly associated with the scores for the patterns. The Television–Snacking pattern was positively associated with BMI (standardized regression coefficient β = 0.05; p < 0.05), and children with this pattern showed a positive tendency toward being overweight at age 8 (Odds ratio (OR) = 1.27, p = 0.06). In addition, the Sports–Computer pattern was significantly positively associated with an increased risk of becoming overweight at age 7 (OR = 1.28, p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The current study showed the added value of including eating routines in cross-behavioral clustering analyses. The findings indicate that future interventions to prevent childhood overweight should address eating routines and activity/inactivity simultaneously, using the synergy between clustered behaviors (e.g. between television viewing and snacking).
Comparison of PCR-based detection of chromogranin A mRNA with traditional histological lymph node staging of small intestinal neuroendocrine neoplasia
Authors: Lawrence Ben , Kenney Barton , Svejda Bernhard , Schimmack Simon , Alaimo Daniele , Barbieri Andrea , Jedrych Jaroslaw , Kidd Mark , Modlin Irvin
Published: September 2012

Background

Accurate neuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN) staging is vital for determining prognosis and therapeutic strategy. The great majority of NENs express chromogranin A (CgA) which can be detected at a protein or transcript level. The current standards for lymph node metastasis detection are histological examination after Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and CgA immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. We hypothesized that detection of CgA mRNA transcripts would be a more sensitive method of detecting these metastases.

Findings

We compared these traditional methods with PCR for CgA mRNA extracted from formalin fixed paraffin embedded slides of lymph nodes (n = 196) from small intestinal NENs, other gastrointestinal cancers and benign gastrointestinal disease. CgA PCR detected significantly more NEN lymph nodes (75%) than H&E (53%) or CgA IHC (57%) (p = 0.02). PCR detected CgA mRNA in 50% (14 of the 28) of SI-NEN lymph nodes previously considered negative. The false positive rate for detection of CgA mRNA was 19% in non-neuroendocrine cancers, and appeared to be due to occult neuroendocrine differentiation or contamination by normal epithelium during histological processing.

Conclusions

Molecular pathological analysis demonstrates the limitations of observer-dependent histopathology. CgA PCR analysis detected the presence of CgA transcripts in lymph nodes without histological evidence of tumor metastasis. Molecular node positivity (stage molN1) of SI-NEN lymph nodes could confer greater staging accuracy and facilitate early and accurate therapeutic intervention. This technique warrants investigation using clinically annotated tumor samples with follow-up data.
On the Efficiency-Fairness Trade-off
Authors: Bertsimas Dimitris , Farias Vivek F. , Trichakis Nikolaos
Published: September 2012

This paper deals with a basic issue: How does one approach the problem of designing the “right” objective for a given resource allocation problem? The notion of what is right can be fairly nebulous; we consider two issues that we see as key: efficiency and fairness. We approach the problem of designing objectives that account for the natural tension between efficiency and fairness in the context of a framework that captures a number of resource allocation problems of interest to managers. More precisely, we consider a rich family of objectives that have been well studied in the literature for their fairness properties. We deal with the problem of selecting the appropriate objective from this family. We characterize the trade-off achieved between efficiency and fairness as one selects different objectives and develop several concrete managerial prescriptions for the selection problem based on this trade-off. Finally, we demonstrate the value of our framework in a case study that considers air traffic management.

This paper was accepted by Yossi Aviv, operations management.
Skin popping scars – a telltale sign of past and present subcutaneous drug abuse
Authors: Grunebaum Amos , Skupski Daniel
Published: September 2012

Background: Identifying women with past and present drug abuse is an essential aspect of prenatal care.

Case: Despite having typical telltale physical signs of prior subcutaneous drug injections, a 33-year-old pregnant woman who had regular prenatal care visits with multiple obstetric care providers was only identified as a drug abuser after a cesarean section, when her skin scars were identified by one provider as the result of “skin popping” related to injections of illicit drugs before this pregnancy.

Conclusion: This case demonstrates that obstetricians must become aware of the telltale signs of drug abuse, such as subcutaneous injections (skin popping) with illicit drugs leading to scaring of the arms and other parts of the body.
Chronic Suppression of Inositol 1,4,5-Triphosphate Receptor-Mediated Calcium Signaling in Cerebellar Purkinje Cells Alleviates Pathological Phenotype in Spinocerebellar Ataxia 2 Mice
Authors: Kasumu Adebimpe W. , Liang Xia , Egorova Polina , Vorontsova Daria , Bezprozvanny Ilya
Published: September 2012

Spinocerebellar ataxia 2 (SCA2) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive ataxia. SCA2 results from a poly(Q) (polyglutamine) expansion in the cytosolic protein ataxin-2 (Atx2). Cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) are primarily affected in SCA2, but the cause of PC dysfunction and death in SCA2 is poorly understood. In previous studies, we reported that mutant but not wild-type Atx2 specifically binds the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R) and increases its sensitivity to activation by InsP3. We further proposed that the resulting supranormal calcium (Ca2+) release from the PC endoplasmic reticulum plays a key role in the development of SCA2 pathology. To test this hypothesis, we achieved a chronic suppression of InsP3R-mediated Ca2+signaling by adenoassociated virus-mediated expression of the inositol 1,4,5-phosphatase (Inpp5a) enzyme (5PP) in PCs of a SCA2 transgenic mouse model. We determined that recombinant 5PP overexpression alleviated age-dependent dysfunction in the firing pattern of SCA2 PCs. We further discovered that chronic 5PP overexpression also rescued age-dependent motor incoordination and PC death in SCA2 mice. Our findings further support the important role of supranormal Ca2+signaling in SCA2 pathogenesis and suggest that partial inhibition of InsP3-mediated Ca2+signaling could provide therapeutic benefit for the patients afflicted with SCA2 and possibly other SCAs.
Transdifferentiation of Glioblastoma Stem-Like Cells into Mural Cells Drives Vasculogenic Mimicry in Glioblastomas
Authors: Scully Steve , Francescone Ralph , Faibish Michael , Bentley Brooke , Taylor Sherry L. , Oh Dennis , Schapiro Robert , Moral Luis , Yan Wei , Shao Rong
Published: September 2012

Recent evidence has shown that glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) can transdifferentiate into endothelial cells and vascular-like tumor cells. The latter pattern of vascularization indicates an alternative microvascular circulation known as vasculogenic mimicry (VM). However, it remains to be clarified how the GSC-driven VM makes a significant contribution to tumor vasculature. Here, we investigated 11 cases of glioblastomas and found that most of them consisted of blood-perfused vascular channels that coexpress mural cell markers smooth muscle α-actin and platelet-derived growth factor receptor β, epidermal growth factor receptor, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (Flk-1), but not CD31 or VE-cadherin. This microvasculature coexisted with endothelial cell-associated vessels. GSCs derived from patients with glioblastomas developed vigorous mural cell-associated vascular channels but few endothelial cell vessels in orthotopic animal models. Suppression of Flk-1 activity and gene expression abrogated GSC transdifferentiation and vascularizationin vitro, and inhibited VM in animal models. This study establishes mural-like tumor cells differentiated from GSCs as a significant contributor to microvasculature of glioblastoma and points to Flk-1 as a potential target for therapeutic intervention that could complement current anti-angiogenic treatment.
Stoichiometry of the Human Glycine Receptor Revealed by Direct Subunit Counting
Authors: Durisic Nela , Godin Antoine G. , Wever Claudia M. , Heyes Colin D. , Lakadamyali Melike , Dent Joseph A.
Published: September 2012

The subunit stoichiometry of heteromeric glycine-gated channels determines fundamental properties of these key inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors; however, the ratio of α1- to β-subunits per receptor remains controversial. We used single-molecule imaging and stepwise photobleaching inXenopusoocytes to directly determine the subunit stoichiometry of a glycine receptor to be 3α1:2β. This approach allowed us to determine the receptor stoichiometry in mixed populations consisting of both heteromeric and homomeric channels, additionally revealing the quantitative proportions for the two populations.
Biological Effect Monitoring in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Subjects Occupationally Exposed to Antineoplastic Drugs: Assessment of Micronuclei Frequency
Authors: Villarini Milena , Dominici Luca , Fatigoni Cristina , Muzi Giacomo , Monarca Silvano , Moretti Massimo
Published: September 2012

Biological Effect Monitoring in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Subjects Occupationally Exposed to Antineoplastic Drugs: Assessment of Micronuclei Frequency: Milena VILLARINI, et al. Department of Medical‐Surgical Specialties and Public Health (Section of Public Health), University of Perugia, Italy—

Objectives

Antineoplastic drugs (ANPDs) are widely used in the treatment of cancer and some nonneoplastic diseases. However, most if not all of these chemical agents are generally nonselective and, along with tumor cells, normal cells may undergo cytotoxic/genotoxic damage. Italian pharmacists and nurses occupationally exposed to ANPDs during their normal work routines were monitored to evaluate biological effects (i.e., cytogenetic damage) eventually associated with exposure. The subjects were also monitored for primary, oxidative and excision repaired DNA damage as evaluated by comet assay (published data). In the present paper, we present the results obtained with the cytokinesis‐block micronucleus (CBMN) test.

Methods

The CBMN test in peripheral blood lymphocytes was applied because of its ability to detect both clastogenic and aneugenic effects, and because it has recently been reported that micronuclei (MNs) are predictive of cancer risk in human populations. In this study, the evaluation of MN frequency was carried out using the CBMN test in the absence or in the presence of the DNA repair inhibitor Ara‐C (cytosine arabinoside).

Results

No significant difference was observed for MN frequency comparing nurses handling ANPDs (exposed subjects) and controls; no correlations were found between job seniority, age, smoking habits and MN rates.

Conclusions

Concerning the aim of this study to evaluate the genotoxic risk arising from occupational exposure to ANPDs, statistically significant differences in MN rates in the subjects under study could not be determined.
Fórmulas diretas de Ansheles
Authors: Salgado Eduardo A.
Published: September 2012

As "fórmulas diretas" do Professor Ansheles, cristalografista russo, são publicadas, sem dedução, na Cristalografia de BOLDYREV (1934), tradução para o espanhol de Candel Vila. No presente trabalho o autor deduz tais fórmulas, utilizando a projeção estereográfica.
Arroz: comportamento de variedades em diferentes épocas de semeadura
Authors: Godoy Oswaldo Pereira
Published: September 2012

1. No presente trabalho procurou-se analisar a influência das épocas de semeadura sôbre diversos caracteres de algumas variedades de arroz. 2. Dez foram as variedades utilizadas a saber: Batatais, Dourado Agulha n.° 2, Iguape Agulha, Pérola, Pratão, Quatro Meses, cultivadas em nosso meio, e Rizzotto, Sésia, Razza - 77, e 227 - Sésia x R. B., variedades italianas. As épocas, em número de cinco, foram estabelecidas quinzenalmente a partir do dia primeiro de outubro do ano de 1959. O experimento, realizado em quadra irrigada, foi planejado em blocos ao acaso, cada época representada por três blocos que constituíram as repetições, contendo cada um dêles as dez variedades de arroz já mencionadas. 3. Foram submetidos à análise estatística os seguintes caracteres: florescimento, maturação, altura, produção de grãos, produção de palha, pêso de mil espiguetas, pêso de mil grãos beneficiados, rendimento total e rendimento em grãos inteiros. 4. Os resultados obtidos, para cada um dos caracteres analisados separadamente, encontram-se no capítulo 3. 5. Com exceção do rendimento total no beneficiamento, os demais caracteres mostraram variações devidas às épocas, concluindo-se assim que as épocas de semeadura influíram no comportamento das variedades estudadas e que a variedade Batatais, por apresentar um comportamento bastante uniforme para produção de grãos, em tôdas as épocas, revelou-se a mais indicada para semeadura tardia.
Estudo sôbre a distribuição do S35 em cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L, Bourboon)
Authors: Crocomo Otto Jesu , Menard Louiz Neptune
Published: September 2012

Com a finalidade de se conhecer a distribuição de S35 em cafeeiro, o presente experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação e em campo. No primeiro caso "plantinhas" de café, de 6 meses de idade foram mantidas em solução nutritiva e receberam: a) S35 na superfície inferior das fôlhas do 3.° par; b) S35 na solução. No ensaio (a), as "plantinhas" foram divididas em suas partes constituintes (raízes, caule, fôlhas novas e fôlhas velhas), sendo que as fôlhas foram subdivididas em pecíolo, limbo e nervuras. O ensaio (b) era formado por 3 grupos de "plantinhas": - 1) estudo da migração, como em (a); 2) autoradiografia; 3) verificação da lavagem de S35 das fôlhas, sob chuva artificial. No experimento conduzido em campo utilizamos cafeeiros de 4 anos de idade e o enxofre radioativo foi fornecido por pulverização foliar. Os resultados demonstram a pouca mobilidade do enxofre pela planta e que: 1) o S35 migra das fôlhas velhas principalmente para as fôlhas novas e muito pouco para as raízes; 2) das raízes o S35 se distribui para os demais órgãos da planta, concentrando-se principalmente nas fôlhas mais velhas; 3) os dados obtidos pela detecção da radioatividade nas várias partes da planta foram corroborados pela autoradiografia; 4) o enxofre é lavado das fôlhas pela água das chuvas.
Teorema fundamental do método dos segmentos, de Ansheles e Dolivo-Dobrovolski
Authors: Salgado Eduardo A.
Published: September 2012

Por meio da projeção gnomônica, o autor demonstra o teorema fundamental do método dos segmentos, nos diversos sistemas cristalográficos.
Sobre a fórmula que dá o ângulo de duas faces em sistema cristalográfico retangular
Authors: Salgado Eduardo A.
Published: September 2012

Valendo-se das "fórmulas diretas" de Ansheles, o autor apresenta uma nova dedução da fórmula que permite calcular o ângulo de duas faces, de símbolos conhecidos, em sistema cristalográfico retangular.
Símbolos projetivos e ângulos de extinção
Authors: Salgado Eduardo A.
Published: September 2012

O problema de cálculo dos ângulos de extinção de faces de uma mesma zona, com referência ao eixo da zona, é tratado pelo autor através dos "símbolos projetivos" de Fedorow.
Sôbre a fórmula: cosa . cosb. cosc + senb. senc. cos A
Authors: Salgado Eduardo A.
Published: September 2012

Por meio da projeção gnomônica, o autor apresenta uma dedução da fórmula geral de resolução de triângulos esféricos.
A reflexão sobre a prática na pesquisa e formação do professor de música
Authors: Beineke Viviane
Published: September 2012

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar e discutir a metodologia da pesquisa O conhecimento prático do professor de música, refletindo sobre suas contribuições para o campo de investigação do pensamento do professor. O desenho metodológico da coleta de dados consistiu em observação, entrevista semiestruturada e entrevista de estimulação de recordação. Segundo a perspectiva das professoras participantes, a pesquisa valorizou suas práticas docentes, reconhecendo seus conhecimentos e incentivando-as a assumirem todo seu potencial como profissionais ativas e reflexivas. Em relação à pesquisa sobre a formação de professores, é destacada a importância de serem ouvidas as vozes dos professores, por meio de relatos em que eles reflitam sobre suas práticas. Por fim, é analisado o potencial da reflexão sobre a prática, na formação de educadores musicais crítico-reflexivos.
O trabalho docente no curso de administração: algumas (re)significações
Authors: Souza Susane Petinelli , Souza Eloísio Moulin de
Published: September 2012

Põe em análise o trabalho docente em Administração, a partir da discussão sobre os modos de ser e fazer que são engendrados no cotidiano desses professores, colocando em problematização seu trabalho e suas práticas. A discussão fundamenta-se em dados secundários e nas experiências pedagógicas dos pesquisadores. Apresentam-se algumas observações sobre o valor do trabalho e sua relevância nas dramáticas do uso de si dos trabalhadores em geral. Em seguida, são discutidos aspectos sobre o trabalho e suas implicações na profissão docente e as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas por docentes que rompem com práticas profissionais hegemônicas na área. Desse modo, percebe-se que profissionais da área estão vivenciando outras maneiras de produzir uma aula e de avaliar seus alunos, produzindo práticas que podem levar a outras posturas e modos de se colocar no mundo como profissionais do ensino.
Conhecimento histórico e crianças pequenas: parques infantis e escola municipal de educação infantil
Authors: Gobbi Marcia Aparecida
Published: September 2012

Este artigo relata a experiência com o projeto "Os parques infantis de Mário de Andrade ontem e hoje", empreendido por todos os profissionais e crianças de uma escola municipal de Educação Infantil da cidade de São Paulo. A preocupação com o conhecimento histórico e as crianças da primeira infância e suas especificidades, numa perspectiva não-escolarizante e não-antecipatória do Ensino Fundamental, foi a tônica e um desafio. Procura aliar história e memória, estabelecendo relações entre História da Educação, história da escolarização de crianças pequenas e formação docente.
Prevalência de hipertensão arterial entre motoristas de ônibus em Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Benvegnú Luís Antônio , Fassa Anaclaudia Gastal , Facchini Luiz Augusto , Breitenbach Fabiana
Published: September 2012

OBJETIVOS: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a prevalência de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) em motoristas de ônibus urbanos de Santa Maria/RS e estudar fatores associados à mesma nesta categoria profissional. METODOLOGIA: Realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico do tipo transversal com 214 motoristas e igual número de vizinhos, selecionados por sexo e idade. Foi utilizado um questionário individual padronizado e realizadas medidas da pressão arterial, peso e altura no domicílio do entrevistado. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de HAS entre os motoristas foi de 22,4%, não apresentando diferença significativa entre os grupos, mesmo controlados os fatores de confusão. Entretanto, entre os motoristas, a obesidade (RP 2,30 IC95% 1,04-5,07) e os problemas psiquiátricos menores (RP 2,26 IC95% 1,15-4,43) estiveram associados à HAS. CONCLUSÕES: O FAto de Santa Maria ser uma cidade do interior, com um trânsito menos intenso e de menor complexidade pode ser uma explicação para que os motoristas não apresentem maior prevalência de HAS do que seus vizinhos. O perfil de classe parece ser mais importante do que as características específicas do trabalho de dirigir ônibus.
Arthur Bispo do Rosário a arte bruta e a propagação na cultura pós-moderna
Authors: Soares Ilka de Araújo
Published: September 2012

O biográfico como representação de alteridades será fonte de explanação neste estudo, cujo interesse advém da considerável repercussão da produção artística de Arthur Bispo do Rosário no circuito cultural contemporâneo e da peculiar execução e expressão de sua obra, produzida mediante diretrizes da atividade delirante, tão proeminentes no decurso de sua psicose.
Promessa ao infinito
Authors: Almeida Maria Emília Sousa
Published: September 2012

Neste artigo, um caso clínico constituiu a alavanca vivencial para uma série de indagações e para as conjecturas que foram sendo levantadas a partir daquelas. Dirige-se à investigação do processo mental pelo qual potencialidades, dons e talentos do sujeito são escamoteados ou eclipsados a partir da relação com as figuras originárias de seu afeto. Um outro dado a ser considerado é que a paciente constitui um dos sujeitos, cujas vivências mentais fundamentam outro trabalho da autora. Este tem por título “Entrecruzamento Imaginário na Construção do Objeto Idealizado e Eclipsamento do Eu”. Certamente, as ilações apresentadas referem-se à paciente em questão, mas quiçá podem servir de subsídios para se pensar esta questão em outros seres humanos. Cabe lembrar que a teoria psicanalítica aborda o tema sob outra perspectiva ao apontar as inibições do ego em meio ao desenvolvimento psicossexual da criança. Assinala-se o grande valor teórico das contribuições freudianas e kleinianas quanto às inibições do ego, entre inúmeras outras. No entanto, este trabalho envereda por outros caminhos que, talvez, sejam de alguma valia para se pensar outras facetas da questão.
O reconhecimento das emoções no cenário da psicologia: implicações epistemológicas e reflexões críticas
Authors: Neubern Maurício da Silva
Published: September 2012

Partindo de uma breve contextualização do estudo das emoções, o presente trabalho visa apontar caminhos para a construção de referências mais apropriadas ao estudo das mesmas, seja como constituintes do processo subjetivo, seja no sentido de apontar seu potencial para reformas epistemológicas na psicologia. A partir de uma análise sobre importantes cosmovisões do pensamento atual e as denúncias epistemológicas promovidas pelas emoções, destacam-se a sua condição marginalizada no conhecimento psicológico, bem como a necessidade e as implicações de incluí-las como imprescindíveis no estudo do humano.
Avanços no estudo da conjugalidade: os casais de dupla carreira
Authors: Monteiro André Maurício
Published: September 2012

O estudo da família, como um todo, e dos casais, em particular, tem sofrido grandes mudanças. Os métodos de pesquisa vêm se adaptando melhor à complexidade do tema, como também os próprios casais têm experimentado vertiginosas transformações nas possibilidades de relacionamento. Neste artigo é detalhada a emergência de uma dessas possibilidades: os casais de dupla carreira. A carência de modelos sociais que prevejam essa forma de interação é superada pela criatividade com que essas díades administram seus dilemas relacionais. Psicólogos precisam estar preparados para acolher o sofrimento específico e a riqueza relacional vividos por essas pessoas.
O mito individual como estrutura subjetiva básica
Authors: Carreira Alessandra Fernandes
Published: September 2012

Adotando a noção de mito individual, que foi estabelecida por Lévi-Strauss e adotada por Lacan para falar sobre a estrutura subjetiva básica do neurótico este trabalho procura apresentar a noção de mito, enfatizando a sua abertura à interpretação e à recombinação constante de seus elementos. Tal noção é deslocada para o plano individual com base em uma pequena análise de um caso clínico intitulado por Freud como “O Homem dos Ratos”. Mostra-se que a repetição da estrutura mítica individual reedita o mito familiar e que ela constitui a subjetividade, na qual estão inclusos os sintomas.
Comportamentos de agentes educativos como parte de contingências de ensino de comportamentos ao estudar
Authors: Cortegoso Ana Lucia , Botomé Sílvio Paulo
Published: September 2012

Observando sessões de estudo de crianças atendidas em agência educacional, foram identificados comportamentos de agentes educativos como “comentar trabalhos realizados”, “identificar situações para intervir”, “apresentar conseqüências para estudar” e “intervir diante de comportamentos concorrentes ao estudar”, e propriedades desses comportamentos, como freqüência, duração, latência, forma e distribuição temporal, componentes de contingências relacionadas à aquisição e manutenção de comportamentos ao estudar.
Produção de biomassa de erva-cidreira [Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br.] sob adubação com composto de capim elefante inoculado e sem inoculação de actinomicetos
Authors: Gama E.V.G. , Garrido M.S. , Silva F. , Soares A.C.F. , Marques C.T.S.
Published: September 2012

A erva-cidreira [Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Br.] é uma espécie da família Verbenaceae amplamente utilizada pela população brasileira, devido às propriedades calmante, espasmolítica suave, analgésica, sedativa, ansiolítica e levemente expectorante. Para implantação do experimento foi produzido composto orgânico de capim elefante + esterco, na proporção de 70% de material vegetal e 30% de esterco, sem inoculação e inoculados com os isolados de actinomicetos do gênero Streptomyces: AC16; AC26; AC92 e AC103. Os compostos foram acondicionados em sacos de polietileno contendo 10,0 kg de solo adicionados na proporção equivalente a 20 t ha-1 e foram reaplicados logo após a primeira colheita. As colheitas da parte aérea foram realizadas aos 75 e 165 dias após o transplante. As raízes foram colhidas logo após a segunda colheita. Os tratatamentos com adubação orgânica promoveram aumento médio na produção de biomassa da erva-cidreira de 184, 83, 125, 115 e 122% para biomassa seca da parte aérea (MSPA) na primeira colheita, de MSPA na segunda colheita, biomassa seca total da parte aérea (MSTPA), biomassa seca de raiz (MSR) e biomassa seca total da cultura (MST), respectivamente, quando comparados com o tratamento controle, porém não houve efeito da inoculação de actinomicetos no composto orgânico. Nas condições em que este estudo foi realizado foi possível concluir que a adubação com composto orgânico de capim elefante influenciou positivamente a produção de biomassa seca da L. alba, mas a inoculação dos compostos com actinomicetos não exerceu influência.
Enraizamento de manjericão em diferentes substratos e doses de cinzas
Authors: Silva I.M. , Gusmão S.A.L. , Barros A.C.A. , Gomes R.F. , Silva J.P. , Pereira J.K.B.
Published: September 2012

O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência de doses de cinzas em diferentes substratos no enraizamento de estacas de manjericão (Ocimum basilicum). O experimento foi conduzido em área do Núcleo de Capacitação e Pesquisa da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, em Belém. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 5, constituído pelas combinações entre os fatores substratos (casca de arroz carbonizada e casca de castanha triturada) e acréscimo de cinzas (5 mL e 10 mL de cinza de casca de arroz, 5 mL e 10 mL de cinza de casca de castanha e sem cinza) com 4 repetições. Cada unidade experimental foi constituída por 10 estacas, num total de 400 estacas. Foram avaliadas as características percentual de enraizamento de estacas, número e comprimento de raízes. Não houve interações significativas entre os fatores avaliados (substrato e cinzas). Entre as características avaliadas o substrato casca de arroz carbonizada apresentou diferenças apenas no comprimento da raiz e no número de raízes, enquanto as dosagens de cinzas apresentaram diferenças apenas no percentual de enraizamento. O trabalho permitiu concluir que as dosagens de cinzas apresentaram efeito positivo sobre o enraizamento das estacas de manjericão, assim como o substrato a base de casca de arroz carbonizada propiciou melhores condições para o desenvolvimento das raízes. Assim, a casca de arroz é uma alternativa totalmente viável, pois além de apresentar características apropriadas para o enraizamento também possui baixo custo de aquisição, estando ao alcance de muitos produtores.
Viabilidade de sementes de feijão caupi após o tratamento com óleo essencial de citronela (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt)
Authors: Xavier M.V.A. , Oliveira C.R.F. , Brito S.S.S. , Matos C.H.C. , Pinto M.A.D.S.C.
Published: September 2012

O tratamento de sementes com óleos essenciais é um método alternativo que auxilia o manejo integrado de pragas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência do tratamento de sementes de feijão Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. com o óleo essencial de citronela (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt). Foi avaliado o efeito do óleo essencial de C. winterianus sobre V. unguiculata nas dosagens 20 μL, 15 μL, 10 μL, 5 μL e testemunha. A qualidade fisiológica das sementes foi determinada pela porcentagem de emergência, velocidade de emergência e índice de velocidade de emergência. A análise dos dados foi realizada no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, disposto em esquema fatorial 5 x 2 com cinco repetições. As sementes fumigadas apresentaram diferenças estatísticas entre os parâmetros avaliados em relação à testemunha. O óleo essencial de citronela revelou potencialidade alelopática sobre a germinação de sementes de feijão que variou de acordo com a concentração do óleo.
Effect of simulative pore solution on the hydration kinetics of GGBFS
Authors: Zhang Tong-sheng , Yu Qi-jun , Wei Jiang-xiong , Zhang Ping-ping , Gong Chen-chen
Published: September 2012

To characterise the hydraulic activity of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) in a low alkaline solution, the hydration degree, heat evolution and hydration products of GGBFS–water (de-ionised water) paste, GGBFS–5%CaO–water paste and GGBFS–5%CaO–simulative pore solution (SPS) pastes were investigated. The Ca(OH)2 content and composition of pore solution of GGBFS pastes were also determined. The experimental results show that the dissolution rate of the vitreous phase of GGBFS increases significantly with increases in alkalinity of the SPS. The hydraulic activity of GGBFS is relatively low and hydration of GGBFS mainly takes place slowly after 7 days in GGBFS–5%CaO–water paste. In contrast, the hydration rate increases dramatically in the first 3 days. Meanwhile, large amounts of hydration products (mainly C–S–H gel and C2ASH8) are generated, indicating the enhancement of hydraulic activity of GGBFS even in low alkaline solution.
Gender Differences in How Retirees Perceive Factors Influencing Unretirement
Authors: Armstrong-Stassen Marjorie , Staats Sara
Published: September 2012

Returning to paid employment after retirement is occurring in many developed countries and can be expected to increase in the future. This study compared how women ( n = 202) and men ( n = 347) who had retired from a managerial or professional career occupation perceived factors associated with unretirement. Retired professional women perceived reasons to unretire, age-friendly human resource practices, and re-entry barriers to have greater influence on retirees' decision to unretire than retired managerial women and retired men. Both groups of retired women perceived training and development opportunities to have more influence than retired men. A major contribution of this study is the identification of pre-retirement career occupation as having an important effect on how female, but not male, retirees perceived the various factors. The findings suggest that researchers and employers need to consider the diversity that exists among retirees, not only gender differences but also differences among retired career women.
Learning to Take Action: The Goals of Health and Safety Training
Authors: Weinstock Deborah , Slatin Craig
Published: September 2012

Worker health and safety training is an important part of occupational health and safety programs. In the United States, governments, unions, employers, university programs, and health and safety advocacy organizations make training available. This article considers training effectiveness research conducted and supported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), and some done in collaboration with the Institute for Work and Health (Canada). Differing perspectives regarding the purpose of worker health and safety training are reviewed and critiqued. We assert that a focus on changing the working behaviors of workers exposed to hazardous conditions is less appropriate and scientifically rigorous than a focus on helping workers establish the power to reduce and eliminate workplace hazards. For training to lead to a decrease in morbidities and fatalities related to hazardous exposures, it needs to be integrated with workers' attainment of such power.
The Church East and West: Orienting the Queen Anne Churches, 1711-34
Authors: Ali Jason R. , Cunich Peter
Published: September 2012

This article presents the results of an investigation carried out to determine the orientation of seventeen churches and one church plan that are directly or indirectly associated with the 1711 and 1712 Acts for Building Fifty New Churches (for London). The buildings represent an important episode in the history of western ecclesiastical architecture, the visible manifestation of a Tory government-High Church plan to rekindle a "purer form of Christianity" based on the "primitive churches" of the Near East. Our data indicate that few, if any, of the buildings were aligned using the rising or setting sun on important Christian feast days, the method adopted by many of the medieval church builders. Whether this break with tradition was deliberate or not is a matter for conjecture. Nicholas Hawksmoor seemed particularly keen on getting a "correct" alignment and did so for three of his six sole-author buildings. In fact, we suggest that two of Hawksmoor's churches at St. Anne Limehouse and Christchurch Spitalfields, and James Gibbs's St. Martin-in-the-Fields, were so accurately aligned that the only feasible technique for achieving this was through the use of declination-corrected compasses. We speculate that the scientist Edmond Halley provided information and logistical assistance to Hawksmoor.
Architectural Rivalry as Civic Mirror: The Dominican Church and the Cathedral in Foutheenth-Century Strasbourg
Authors: Stanford Charlotte A.
Published: September 2012

Between 1307 and ca. 1331, the Friars Preachers of Strasbourg undertook a building expansion to make their church the largest in the city after the cathedral. The rebuilding program followed a clash of authority between the Dominicans and the regular clergy and city council of Strasbourg, during which the order was driven from the city from 1287 to 1290. The Dominicans' fourteenth-century building campaign reaffirmed the order's popularity with the faithful and its need for a large double nave in which to preach. Moreover, the new choir was a specific challenge to the clergy and citizens whose interest was invested in the local cathedral; the Dominican church was one of the few city structures to attempt to compete visually with the cathedral. This effort, coupled with the difficulties engendered by the Dominicans' financial success, provides an instructive example of medieval architectural exchange.
A Model House and a House's Model: Reexamining Frank Lloyd Wright's House on the Mesa Project
Authors: Wojtowicz Robert
Published: September 2012

This article examines Frank Lloyd Wright's House on the Mesa project, which, despite its familiarity to most historians of twentieth-century architecture, has never been thoroughly studied within the general context of Wright's expansive oeuvre and the specific circumstances of the Museum of Modern Art's 1932 Modern Architecture: International Exhibition. Numerous drawings for the project survive in the Frank Lloyd Wright Archives at Taliesin West, although only photographic evidence survives of the original model. Scattered references to the project appear in Wright's writings, most notably his correspondence with wealthy Denver businessman George Cranmer, whose family served as a kind of inspirational muse for the architect. Of special importance is a letter from Wright to critic Lewis Mumford recently discovered in the Lewis Mumford Papers at the University of Pennsylvania. Handwritten on the back of a photograph of the project's model, Wright's letter sheds new light on some of the project's technical innovations, which included textile-block walls, cantilevered roofs, and stepped casements. Less a response to the International Style, as is commonly held, the project was Wright's model of individualized, machine-age luxury for a merit-based democracy.
Modernization and Mnemonics at Christ Church, Canterbury: The Treasury Building
Authors: Fergusson Peter
Published: September 2012

The two-storied Treasury at Christ Church, Canterbury, survives as the least altered building from the extensive modernization of the convent undertaken between 1155 and 1167. It is marked by identical façades facing inward and outward from the monastery. These are adorned with elegant arcades mounting in quickening rhythms over their elevations, and with unusually exuberant and varied late Romanesque detailing. The Treasury was designed to serve newly defined purposes. In the upper story, these included the safekeeping of liturgical objects and vestments, monies from ecclesiastical and secular collection, and documents. The lower story is more enigmatic. This article argues that the dual archways and richly decorated passageway need to be understood in their original context of providing access to the monastic cemetery. As such, they relate to the little-studied typology of memorial arches, which may be traced back to Roman sources. The twofold purpose of the two stories indicates conjoined typologies. Like related buildings from the same period at Canterbury, the Treasury was formed by mnemonic modes of envisioning archetypes prompted by locational association referencing Jerusalem and Rome.