bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic Retrieval of Ingested Foreign Body
Authors: Al Shaaibi Raya , Al Waili Ibrahim
Published: June 2021

Foreign body ingestion is one of the most common presenting complaints in the emergency room. Psychiatric patients that present with an unusual ingested object are frequently associated with the intention of suicide, especially if they have a history of recurrent foreign body ingestion. Radiographic films help in locating the site and predicting the complications. The best method of object retrieval is dependent on many factors and decisions made for the best of patient safety to minimize expected complications. This is a case report of a patient who presented with unusual foreign body ingestion.
Significance of π–Electrons in the Design of Corrosion Inhibitors for Carbon Steel in Simulated Concrete Pore Solution
Authors: Mohamed A. , Visco D.P. , Bastidas D.M.
Published: June 2021

Chloride-induced corrosion of carbon steel reinforcements is one of the most important failure mechanisms of reinforced concrete structures. Organic corrosion inhibitors containing different functional groups were analyzed using cyclic potentiodynamic polarization to determine their effect on the pitting potential of carbon steel reinforcements in a 0.1 M Cl− contaminated, simulated, concrete pore solution. It was found that organic compounds with π-electrons in a functional group had better performance. This is attributed to the high density of highest occupied molecular orbital energies found in carboxyl group π-bond. Accordingly, this increases the tendency of donating π-electrons to the appropriate vacant d-orbital of the carbon steel, forming an adsorption film. The best corrosion inhibition performance was achieved by poly-carboxylates followed by alkanolamines and amines. In addition, a novel approach to show the significance of corrosion inhibition phenomenon was applied by developing a quantitative structure-property relationship using the Signature molecular descriptor which correlates the occurrences of atomic Signatures in a data set to a property of interest using a forward stepping multilinear regression. The atomic Signature fragment capturing π-bond was the most influential of all of the fragments, which underscores the significance of π-bond electrons in the adsorption process. It was demonstrated that the [O](=[C]) atomic Signature plays a crucial role in the inhibition process at all heights, corroborating the experimental results.
Biologia floral de cultivares de Avena strigosa
Authors: Bonfante Natália Oliveira , Brammer Sandra Patussi , Scheffer-Basso Simone Meredith , Lângaro Nádia Canali
Published: June 2021

A aveia-preta é uma planta de múltiplos usos no sistema agrícola, contudo programas de melhoramento tem pouco sucesso em obter novos genótipos, não se sabe o motivo exato. Assim sendo, este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar e avaliar a morfologia floral e a viabilidade polínica em Avena strigosa. Para isso, duas cultivares de hábito e ciclo contrastantes (IAPAR 61-Ibiporã e UPFA 21-Moreninha) foram estabelecidas no campo e em vaso no município de Passo Fundo, no norte do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram realizadas avaliações morfológicas na panícula, espiguetas e grãos de pólen das cultivares. Na cv. IAPAR 61-Ibiporã foram encontrados os maiores comprimentos de espigueta, ráquila, gluma I, gluma II, pálea, arista e pistilo. Na cv. UPFA 21-Moreninha encontrou-se maior comprimento da ráquis, lema e antera apicais e maior densidade de espiguetas na panícula. Em relação à viabilidade polínica, as cultivares não diferem entre si, evidenciando-se que apenas as medidas dos grãos de pólen foram contrastantes.
Plant Disease Identification Using Discrete Wavelet Transforms and SVM
Authors:   Research scholar, Dept of ECE, SJBIT, Assistant Professor, Dept of ECE, BNMIT, Banglore, VTU Belagavi India., S M Kiran , D N Dr. Chandrappa ,   Professor, Dept. of ECE, SJBIT, Banglore, VTU Belagavi India.
Published: June 2021

Disease detection in plants is one of the essential steps in the field of agriculture to improve the quality and yield of crops. Applications of image processing play a major role in the early detection of diseases and also in terms of accuracy and time consumption. In many plant health monitoring systems, Fourier and wavelet transform is applied for feature extraction from plant images and then they are classified using different classifiers. In this study, tomato leaf images are collected from the PlantVillage database, images are preprocessed to improve the contrast, and then image segmentation is performed using the k-means clustering technique. Texture features are extracted from the region of interest using Discrete Wavelet Transforms (DWT). Fourteen image features obtained from Daubechies (db3), Symlet (sym3), and biorthogonal (Bior 3.3, Bior 3.5, Bior 3.7) wavelets. These features are used to classify the images as healthy and unhealthy with the help of the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. Performance of the system is measured in terms of Sensitivity, Specificity, and Accuracy. The proposed system classifies the images with a sensitivity of 92%, specificity of 84%, and accuracy of 88%.
A kővágóörsi evangélikus algimnázium története (1841-1873)
Authors: P. Miklós Tamás
Published: May 2021

A tanulmány a magyarországi polgári fejlődés kezdetén, azaz a reformkor idején történő hazai iskolaalapítások, azon belül is az evangélikus iskolaügy történetébe nyújt bepillantást. Kővágóörs mezőváros 1841-ben létrehozott és 1873-ig működő algimnáziumának emlékét ma már csak egykori épülete őrzi. A tanulmányban feltárt iskolatörténet bizonyítja a reformkori vidéki evangélikus értelmiség térben regionális, de célkitűzésében egyetemes oktatási/művelődésfejlesztői tenni akarását és áldozatvállalását. Utal azokra a feszültségekre is, amely az iskolalétrehozók túlfűtött lelkesedése, az egyházi és helyi társadalmi és gazdasági erő korlátjai és a modernizálódó hazai oktatási struktúrafejlesztés elvárásai között alakultak ki. Egyúttal a hazai oktatástörténet fejlődéstörténetébe ágyazott intézménytörténet emléket állít a nemzeti haladás korai iskolateremtőinek.
A katolikus egyházi birtokok változásai a 20. század első felében
Authors: Dudás Róbert Gyula
Published: May 2021

A 20. század első felében a katolikus egyház jelentős földbirtokterülettel rendelkezett Magyarországon. A birtoknak s az abból származó jövedelemnek elsődleges célja az egyházi intézményrendszer fenntartása és finanszírozása volt. Az egyházi (nagy)birtokok története Szent István korától egészen 1945-ig követhető, folyamatosan jelen volt a magyar történelemben és jogban. Az, hogy ki és hogyan adományozhat, kinek van joga esetlegesen abba beleszólni, hogy ki kerülhet a javadalmas helyébe, évszázados vita kérdése. Tanulmányomban ennek a földbirtoknak a 20. századi változásait vizsgálom, egészen pontosan az 1848-as változásoktól az 1945-ös államosításig. Vizsgálom, hogy milyen módon és kísérletekkel próbálták meg az egyházi személyek a gyakran veszteséges földterületeket nyereségessé tenni, s az állam ebben milyen módon vett részt.
TAFSIR RUH AL-BAYAN KARYA ISMA’IL HAQI DAN PANDANGANNYA TENTANG TAFSIR DENGAN PENDEKATAN SUFI-ISHARI
Authors: Kusroni Kusroni
Published: May 2021

Tulisan ini membahas tentang eksistensi salah satu pendekatan tafsir yang berkembang cukup pesat dalam diskurus tafsir Al Qur’an, yakni pendekatan sufi atau ishari. Pada abad XVIII Masehi lahir seorang ulama di kota Aidos, Turki, bernama Isma’il Haqi. Ulama ini lahir dan tumbuh di lingkungan sufi dan keluarga yang menganut tarekat, sehingga ia menjadi seorang ulama sufi dan memiliki kompetensi di bidang Tafsir al-Qur’an. Kitab Ruh al-Bayan Fi Tafsir al-Qur’an merupakan magnum-opusnya dalam bidang tafsir. Dalam kitab ini ia menggunakan pendekatan sufi-ishari dalam menafsirkan ayatayat al-Qur’an. Dalam pandangannya, tafsir ishari merupakan buah dari ma’rifat, jika di dalamnya tidak terdapat unsur penyimpangan dari al-Qur’an dan al-Sunnah, serta bukan didasarkan kepentingan hawa nafsu saat menafsirkan sebagaimana dilakukan oleh beberapa kelompok batiniyah. .
AIR MANAQIB
Authors: Nashiruddin Nashiruddin
Published: May 2021

Salah satu program religius yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan potensi speritualitas Santri Al Fithrah secara khusus, dan Jama’ah atau pengikut Syaikh Achmad Asrori Al-Ishaqy secara umum, adalah Majlis Manaqiban, yaitu ritual agama yang berisikan Do’a Bersama, Istighatsah, membaca surat Yasin, Membaca manaqib (Biografi) Syaikh Abdul Qodir al-jilany, kemudian disempurnakan dengan pembacaan maulid Nabi. Motivasi majlis ini adalah tawassul dengan para guru dalam upaya mendekatkan diri kepada Allah SWT. Sehingga kegiatan semacam ini juga disebut Shilaturruhiyyah. Ada hal yang menarik dalam kegiatan tersebut, yaitu setiap kegiatan Majlis Manaqiban dapat dipastikan bahwa Jama’ah yang mengikuti mejlis tersebut mayoritas membawa atau menaruh air mineral di sekitarnya dengan kondisi tutup botol terbuka. Tampaknya, air tersebut ada nilai istimewa tersendiri baginya, terbukti air. tersebut kemudian disebut dengan sebutan “Air Manaqib.” Persoalan ini termasuk persoalan Humaniora (persoalan yang bersifat prilaku manusia), oleh karena itu, untuk mengungkap persoalan tersebut secara menyeluruh dan mendalam, maka dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode kualitatif. Karena metode kualitatif lebih dapat beradaptasi dengan keadangan lingkungan. Dari hasil penelitian yang ditemukan, Santri atau Jama’ah majlis manaqiban tersebut berasumsi bahwa air manaqib dapat digunakan sebagai: (1) Media pengobatan berbagai macam penyakit lahir, (2) Mempermudah proses persalinan, (3) Pagar gaib dari pengaruh buruk dan sebagai penglaris dagangan. Sedangkan cara penggunaannya menurut mereka tidak ada cara atau aturan yang baku, tetapi cara yang sering dipakai adalah dengan cara diminum. Setelah penelitian dilakukan lebih mendalam, maka ditemukan bahwa prilaku seperti itu, yaitu pengobatan menggunakan media air juga pernah dilakukan sebagian ulama salaf walaupun tidak disebut air manaqib, akan tetapi subtansinya sama, yaitu tabarrukan Ditinjau dari pandangan sains (ilmiah), dengan mengacu pada penemuan Masaru Emoto, bahwa sifat air itu dapat merespon sebuah informasi, instruksi atau doa, dan air yang telah menerima pesan atau doa tadi, kualitasnya semakin tinggi, berarti kualitas air manaqib juga semakin tinggi. Dengan demikian, pemanfaatan air manaqib, baik ditinjau dari pandangan agama atau sanis dapat dipertanggungjawabkan kebenarannya..
AL-ASIL: PENAFSIRAN AL QURAN DENGAN BAHASA ARAB
Authors: Haris Fathul Haris
Published: May 2021

Al Quran adalah kalam Allah yang dibawa Nabi SAW sebagai pedoman standart hidup yang benar. Ia diwahyukan secara langsung ke dalam hati Nabi untuk kemudian disampaikan dan dijelaskan (bayan) kepada umatnya sebagai tafsir terhadap wahyu yang diembannya. Sejak saat itu sebenarnya bentuk penafsiran sudah mulai ragam. Para sahabat sudah memulai menjadikan rasionya untuk memahami ayat (karena kebetulah al Quran satu bahasa dengan Bahasa mereka) sehingga tidak ada kesulitan bagi mereka untuk memahami Bahasa al Quran. Bahkan setelah Nabi wafat penafsiran dengan Bahasa Arab semakin kentara dilakukan. Sebagaimana ragam kisah persaksian para sahabat yang melakukan itu. ketika al-Quran adalah kitab yang menggunakan bahasa Arab, maka sudah semestinya kaidah bahasa Arab adalah T{ariqat (cara) untuk memahami maknanya, sebab tanpa menguasai kaidah-kaidah itu, kesalahan dan pemahaman yang buruk akan terjadi. Kaidah-kaidah tersebut termuat dalam tiga komponen penting ilmu Balaghah yaitu ilmu bayan, ilmu ma’ani dan ilmu badi’. Namun dua di antaranya yaitu Ilmu al-Bayan dan ilmu al-Ma’ani menjadi kunci penafsiran al-Qur’an, ia memiliki keterikatan secara khusus dengan ilmu tafsir. Karena dua ilmu tersebut dapat menjadi perantara untuk membuka beberapa hal dalam al-Qur’an: Pertama, nilai balaghah yang terdapat dalam al-Qur’an. Kedua, membuka rincian makna yang termuat dalam al-Qur’an. Ketiga, membuka nilai kemu’jizatan al-Qur’an.
God’s Existence, Truth of Prophecy and Prayer as a Religious Experience to Muḥammad Iqbāl
Authors: Shamsuddin Salahuddin Mohd.
Published: May 2021

If we want to study Muḥammad Iqbāl’s Islamic thought, we have to study his book: (Reconstruction of Religious Thoughts in Islam) before reading any book about him, as we cannot ignore this book on this subject, because the researcher cannot reach the depth of his thought and philosophy without studying this book. Iqbāl has philosophized in the statement of these complex topics that are related to “the science and spiritual experiences”, the perception of the existence of God, the reality and habit, the human self, the compulsory provision and the choice, the spirit of Islamic civilization, and meaning of the prayer as a religious experience. Iqbāl’s character in this book appears, as an Islamic poet, thinker and philosopher, in which Iqbāl wants to develop a new Islamic science of speech. It should be noted that Muḥammad Iqbāl addressed these topics with a careful research and deep study in the light of the teachings of Islam and modern philosophy, and opened the doors of thinking about Islam to his contemporary thinkers and scholars and those who came after them. Iqbāl by his mentality and being influenced by the philosophical approach tends to the synthesis of this method of mental analysis, but because of his religious tendency, he also tends to correct the steps of thought itself by highlighting the Qur’anic view on the content of the mental experience to follow in its footsteps towards the truth, using the descriptive analytical approach that is always fit in the treatment of such topics.
Towards Growth of the Blue Economy in Zanzibar: Potentials and Challenges
Authors: Mussa Warda M. , Jing Zhang , Machochoki Abdulrahman S. , Bakari Stephen J.
Published: May 2021

Zanzibar is a semi-autonomous region of Tanzania located in the Indian Ocean with the 1.6 million inhabitants heavily reliant on the ocean resources for income and livelihoods, which approximately accounts for 30% of GDP and employ about one third of the population, Zanzibar’s wealth is created, not inherited. In 2020, the government formulated a comprehensive road map to formulate a blue economy policy. The economy that combines the economic, social and environmental benefits of the ocean, it is also regarded as an alternative development paradigm. Zanzibar’s poverty reduction and economic growth will be dependent on the long-term management of the country’s natural resources, especially the coastal and marine ecosystems, despite its clear economic importance, the marine ecosystem is seriously degraded due to both human and natural causes; uncontrolled tourism development, rapid population growth and climate change. After several reviews from different sources the blue economy concept is regarded as a way to follow up and it seems to ensure promising life to the people of Zanzibar and the environment of the island at large. However, to achieve all of this, there is need to acquire strong political willingness, commitments, rigorous researches and promoting social awareness.
Solving the Transshipment Problem with Fuzzy Cost Coefficients
Authors: Ellaimony Elsayed , Ahmed Ibrahim , Abdelwahed Khaled , Ahmed Rania , Khalil Mohamed
Published: May 2021

This paper presents an optimization based mathematical modelling approach for a transshipment problem with fuzzy cost coefficients is formulated and solved as a quadratic mixed integer linear programming problem. In this paper, it is illustrated how convert the fuzzy form to crisp form an illustrative numerical example is gives to clarify the formulation and the solution.
Periodismo cool
Authors:   Facultad de Artes y Humanidades, Universidad de los Andes, Galindo Laura
Published: June 2021

"El periodismo cultural debe reinventarse para dar cuenta de los juegos de lo simbólico en el siglo XXI, de nuevas prácticas y objetos culturales, tales como la moda, las redes sociales, las músicas y las comidas. Por eso, en esta obra hacemos una propuesta por un periodismo cool sobre lo pop social. La autora, Laura Galindo M., narra con pasión desenfrenada las levedades que nos habitan para aventurarse a darle sentido a nuestro tiempo, efímero y fluido. Es un trabajo que enuncia y mira desde ese “desdeñable” mundo de lo light & cool, que es signo del presente. Lo acompañan un perfil sobre el periodista latino más importante en los Estados Unidos escrito por Felipe Restrepo Pombo, quien fue director de la revista Gatopardo, y un ensayo de Omar Rincón sobre la cultura de nuestro tiempo, que él denomina la coolture"
Sampling Techniques Used in Big-Data Driven Applications
Authors: Poonia Ramesh Chandra , Durugkar Santosh R
Published: May 2021

Data-driven systems process the data from various sources in multiple applications. Data retrieved from heterogeneous sources need to be available in an aggregate and unique format. This requirement gives rise to the process of the Big-data and proposed next-generation big-data processing systems. There are many applications based on contextual data useful for identifying the traffic intensity, changing users per application, weather conditions etc., and serve as next- generation business-specific systems. In such systems data abstraction and representation are the important tasks & granularity can be applied in the data processing. Granularity will process the data from low granularity to high granularity. Sampling plays an important role in the data processing.
Review of Researches on Arabic Social Media Text Mining
Authors: Alothman Manal Othman , Khan Muhammad Badruddin , Abul Hasanat Mozaherul Hoque
Published: May 2021

Social media sites and applications have allowed people to share their comments, opinions, and point of views in different languages on mass scale. Arabic language is one of the languages that has seen huge surge in production of its digital textual content. The Arabic content and its metadata are a goldmine of useful information for a wide variety of applications. A large number of researchers are working on Arabic data in various domains of research such as natural language processing, sentiment analysis, event detection, named entity recognition, etc. This article presents a review of number of such studies conducted between 2014 and 2019 using their data sources from social media websites. We found that Twitter was the most used source to contribute data for dataset construction for Arabic text mining researchers. Our study also found that the Sport Vector Machine (SVM) and Naïve Bayesian (NB) classifiers were the most used classifiers in the previous researches. Moreover, the results of the previous studies indicate that SVM classifier provided the best performance compared to other classifiers.
На разломе десятилетий
Authors: Волков Д.
Published: June 2021

Инициируя проекты цифровой трансформации, компании надеются построить новые операционные модели, позволяющие победить в борьбе за благосклонность платежеспособных потребителей благодаря сокращению времени вывода на рынок новых продуктов и услуг, точно соответствующих запросам конкретных клиентов.
Kentsel Mahallelerin Yönetsel Coğrafya Açısından Yeri ve Sınırları: Yenimahalle İlçesi (Ankara) Örneği
Authors: TÜRKAN Okan
Published: May 2021

Türkiye’de mahalle kavramına kırsal kesimde rastlanılsa da mahalle çoğunlukla kentsel mekânla ilişkili olarak algılanmaktadır. Nitekim çalışmanın kapsamını oluşturan mahalle kavramının karşılığı gerek gündelik Türkçede gerekse yasal mevzuatta kentle ilişkili olarak açıklanmaktadır. Mahallenin yönetsel hiyerarşide yasal olarak tarif edilmiş bir statüsü yoktur. Bunun yanında Türkiye’de optimal bir mahalle büyüklüğü de bulunmamaktadır. Görev, yetki ve işlevleri yönünden hem merkezi hem de yerel yönetim özellikleri gösteren bu birimin, yönetsel coğrafya açısından yerinin ve optimal büyüklüğünün belirlenmesini amaçlayan çalışmanın ilerletilmesinde nicel ve nitel yöntem birlikte kullanılmıştır. Konuyu sonuca götürecek saha çalışmaları, istatistiki veriler ve yasal mevzuattan oluşan birincil kaynakların yanında pek çok ikincil kaynak da değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Mahallenin Türkiye’nin yönetsel hiyerarşisindeki konumuna dair belirlenen öneriler doğrultusunda Ankara ili Yenimahalle ilçesindeki mahallelerin sınırları ve optimal büyüklüğüne yönelik ölçütler geliştirilmiş ve örneklerle değerlendirilmiştir. Mahalleyle ilgili bu yönde yapılmış bir araştırmanın bulunmaması sebebiyle makalenin konuyla ve yönetsel coğrafya ilgili daha sonra yapılacak çalışmalara katkı sunması beklenmektedir.
PRÁTICAS EDUCATIVAS COM ENFOQUE PARENTAL PARA A PROMOÇÃO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL NA PRIMEIRA INFÂNCIA: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Marinho Mayelle Tayana , Martins Islane Cristina
Published: June 2021

Introdução: Se faz necessária um melhor conhecimento acerca do cuidado voltado à primeira infância, com foco na abordagem parental, pois essa acaba sendo o método de cuidado mais atual utilizado na reabilitação. Contudo, poucos são os estudos que se dedicam à investigação do tema. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura a fim de investigar as práticas educativas com enfoque parental para a promoção do desenvolvimento infantil na primeira infância. Material e Métodos: Os descritores utilizados foram os seguintes: ‘’Parentais’ AND ‘’Infância’ AND ‘’Promoção’ AND ‘’Parental’’ AND ‘’Childhood’ AND ‘’Promotion’ em todas as bases de dados. Nas bases de dados Periódicos CAPES, Google Acadêmico e Pubmed. A pesquisa foi realizada em abril de 2021. Resultados: A partir da análise dos dados foi possível verificar que artigos 08 artigos pontuam acerca da pouca variedade de estudos ligados a essa nova temática. Além disso, 03 estudos referiram acerca da influência provocada pelas questões econômicas, sociais e de gênero dentre desse processo de empoderamento parental. Além disso, ainda sendo levantado em 05 dos artigos desconhecimento familiar sobre a patologia apresentada e os cuidados que devem ser destinados. 02 artigos pontuam sobre os fatores socioeconômicos e escolares dos pais. 07 trabalhos salientam a importância dos profissionais de saúde serem parceiros da família.  Conclusão: Portanto, foi possível observar que as práticas educativas com enfoque parental para a promoção do desenvolvimento infantil na primeira infância são se destinada à importância do apoio necessário a família que idealizou uma família e ao nascimento essa visão é desconstruída. Sendo importante o papel dos profissionais envolvidos nesses cuidados para apoiar e orientar a família sobre a realidade que estão enfrentando. Para assim, ser possível maior participação familiar nesse cuidado e levando para o ambiente domiciliar.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA SUPLEMENTAÇÃO PROTEICA NO PACIENTE BARIÁTRICO
Authors: Pontes Cristiane de Souza , Pereira Harley Correa , Ferreira José Carlos de Sales
Published: June 2021

:  Introdução: Atualmente a cirurgia bariátrica é considerada a ferramenta mais eficaz no controle e no tratamento da obesidade severa. Os benefícios da cirurgia incluem resolução ou melhora acentuada de doenças crônicas como hipertensão, diabetes e hiperlipidemia. Entretanto, é preciso salientar que o tratamento cirúrgico da obesidade não se resume ao ato cirúrgico. Objetivo Geral: avaliar a importância da suplementação proteica no paciente bariátrico. Metodologia: Para a realização desse estudo optou-se por uma pesquisa na modalidade de revisão integrativa de literatura. A revisão integrativa determina o conhecimento atual sobre uma temática específica, já que é conduzida de modo a identificar, analisar e sintetizar resultados de estudos independentes sobre o mesmo assunto. Resultados e Discussão: Após a realização de uma cirurgia bariátrica, os pacientes sentem deficiência de proteína. Entre os macronutrientes necessários a fisiologia humana, depois desse procedimento, essa deficiência é a mais comumente relatada e isso ocorre por que, estimase que apenas 57% da proteína ingerida é absorvida após a gastroplastia. Conclusão: Ficou evidenciado que a cirurgia bariátrica representa atualmente a melhor estratégia para tratamento da obesidade mórbida. Entretanto, a rápida perda de peso que ocorre após a cirurgia vem acompanhada de uma considerável perda de massa muscular.
Significant contrasts in aerosol acidity between China and the United States
Authors: Zhang Bingqing , Shen Huizhong , Liu Pengfei , Guo Hongyu , Hu Yongtao , Chen Yilin , Xie Shaodong , Xi Ziyan , Skipper T. Nash , Russell Armistead G.
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Aerosol acidity governs several key processes in aerosol
physics and chemistry, thus affecting aerosol mass and composition and
ultimately climate and human health. Previous studies have reported aerosol
pH values separately in China and the United States (USA), implying different
aerosol acidity between these two countries. However, there is debate about
whether mass concentration or chemical composition is the more important
driver of differences in aerosol acidity. A full picture of the pH
difference and the underlying mechanisms responsible is hindered by the
scarcity of simultaneous measurements of particle composition and gaseous
species, especially in China. Here we conduct a comprehensive assessment of
aerosol acidity in China and the USA using extended ground-level measurements
and regional chemical transport model simulations. We show that aerosols in
China are significantly less acidic than in the USA, with pH values 1–2 units
higher. Based on a proposed multivariable Taylor series method and a series
of sensitivity tests, we identify major factors leading to the pH
difference. Compared to the USA, China has much higher aerosol mass
concentrations (gas + particle, by a factor of 8.4 on average) and a
higher fraction of total ammonia (gas + particle) in the aerosol
composition. Our assessment shows that the differences in mass
concentrations and chemical composition play equally important roles in
driving the aerosol pH difference between China and the USA – increasing
the aerosol mass concentrations (by a factor of 8.4) but keeping the relative component
contributions the same in the USA as the level in China
increases the aerosol pH by ∼ 1.0 units and further shifting
the chemical composition from US conditions to China's that are richer in
ammonia increases the aerosol pH by ∼ 0.9 units. Therefore,
China being both more polluted than the USA and richer in ammonia
explains the aerosol pH difference. The difference in aerosol acidity
highlighted in the present study implies potential differences in formation
mechanisms, physicochemical properties, and toxicity of aerosol particles in
these two countries.
Isotopic constraints on atmospheric sulfate formation pathways in the Mt. Everest region, southern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wang Kun , Hattori Shohei , Lin Mang , Ishino Sakiko , Alexander Becky , Kamezaki Kazuki , Yoshida Naohiro , Kang Shichang
Published: June 2021

Abstract. As an important atmosphere constituent, sulfate aerosols exert profound impacts on climate, the ecological environment, and human health. The Tibetan Plateau (TP), identified as the “Third Pole”, contains the largest land ice masses outside the poles and has attracted widespread attention for its environment and climatic change. However, the mechanisms of sulfate formation in this specific region still remain poorly characterized. An oxygen-17 anomaly (Δ17O) has been used as a probe to constrain the relative importance of different pathways leading to sulfate formation. Here, we report the Δ17O values in atmospheric sulfate collected at a remote site in the Mt. Everest region to decipher the possible formation mechanisms of sulfate in such a pristine environment. Throughout the sampling campaign (April–September 2018), the Δ17O in non-dust sulfate show an average of 1.7 ‰±0.5 ‰, which is higher than most existing data on modern atmospheric sulfate. The seasonality of Δ17O in non-dust sulfate exhibits high values in the pre-monsoon and low values in the monsoon, opposite to the seasonality in Δ17O for both sulfate and nitrate (i.e., minima in the warm season and maxima in the cold season) observed from diverse geographic sites. This high Δ17O in non-dust sulfate found in this region clearly indicates the important role of the S(IV)+O3 pathway in atmospheric sulfate formation promoted by conditions of high cloud water pH. Overall, our study provides an observational constraint on atmospheric acidity in altering sulfate formation pathways, particularly in dust-rich environments, and such identification of key processes provides an important basis for a better understanding of the sulfur cycle in the TP.
Reproducing complex simulations of economic impacts of climate change with lower-cost emulators
Authors: Takakura Jun'ya , Fujimori Shinichiro , Takahashi Kiyoshi , Hanasaki Naota , Hasegawa Tomoko , Hirabayashi Yukiko , Honda Yasushi , Iizumi Toshichika , Park Chan , Tamura Makoto , Hijioka Yasuaki
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Process-based models are powerful tools for simulating the economic impacts of climate change, but they are computationally expensive. In order to project climate-change impacts under various scenarios, produce probabilistic ensembles, conduct online coupled simulations, or explore pathways by numerical optimization, the computational and implementation cost of economic impact calculations should be reduced. To do so, in this study, we developed various emulators that mimic the behaviours of simulation models, namely economic models coupled with bio/physical-process-based impact models, by statistical regression techniques. Their performance was evaluated for multiple sectors and regions. Among the tested emulators, those composed of artificial neural networks, which can incorporate non-linearities and interactions between variables, performed better particularly when finer input variables were available. Although simple functional forms were effective for approximating general tendencies, complex emulators are necessary if the focus is regional or sectoral heterogeneity. Since the computational cost of the developed emulators is sufficiently small, they could be used to explore future scenarios related to climate-change policies. The findings of this study could also help researchers design their own emulators in different situations.
Statistical impact of wind-speed ramp events on turbines, via observations and coupled fluid-dynamic and aeroelastic simulations
Authors: Kelly Mark , Andersen Søren Juhl , Hannesdóttir Ásta
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Via 11 years of measurements, we calculated the probability space of expected offshore wind speed ramps, recasting it compactly in terms of relevant load-driving quantities for horizontal-axis wind turbines. A statistical ensemble of events in reduced ramp-parameter space (ramp acceleration, mean speed after ramp, upper-level shear) was created, to capture the variability of ramp parameters and also allow connection of such to ramp-driven loads. Constrained Mann-model (CMM) turbulence simulations coupled to an aero-elastic model were made for each ensemble member, for a single turbine. Ramp acceleration was found to dominate the maxima of thrust-associated loads, with a ramp-induced increase of 45–50 % for blade-root flap-wise bending moment and tower base fore-aft moment, plus ~3 % per 0.1 m s−2 of bulk ramp acceleration magnitude. The ensemble of ramp events from the CMM was also embedded in large-eddy simulation (LES) of a wind farm consisting of rows of nine turbines. The LES uses actuator-line modelling for the turbines and is coupled to the aero-elastic model. The LES results indicate that the ramps, and the mean acceleration associated with them, tend to persist through farm. Depending on the ramp acceleration, ramps crossing rated speed lead to maximum loads, which are nearly constant for the third row and further downwind. Where rated power is not achieved, the loads primarily depend on wind speed; as mean winds weaken within the farm, ramps can again have U < Vrated. This leads to higher loads than pre-ramp conditions, with the distance where loads begin to increase depending on inflow Umax relative to Vrated. For the ramps considered here, the effect of turbulence on loads is found to be small relative to ramp amplitude that causes Vrated to be exceeded, but for ramps with Uafter < Vrated, the combination of ramp and turbulence can cause load maxima. The same sensitivity of loads to acceleration is found in both the the CMM-aeroelastic simulations and the coupled LES.
Prototype Sanitizer Dispenser Automated System Pencegah Penularan Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19)
Authors: Rahmat Hidayat  , Rizqi Agung Permana
Published: May 2021

Abstract— Microcontroller is one of the basic parts of a computer system in which there is a processor, input and output, RAM, ROM, System Bus, Control Unit, Shift Register and Arithmetic Logic Unit. This microcontroller is able to activateseveral electronic devices such as leds, buzzers, DC motors, lighting lamps and so on. At this time in the pandemic coronavirus,crowded places are obliged to implement health protocols recommended by the government such as wearing masks, washinghands, carrying sanitizers. And for crowded places must implement it. Because coronavirus is very contagious. Therefore the author examines that the sanitizer in front of the store is still implementing manuals. So that it can transmit the virus. Therefore the author is thinking about applying an automatic sanitizer with a microcontroller made. With the creation of this system is expected to reduce the spread of coronavirus transmission (COVID-19) incrowded places.

Intisari— Mikrokontroller merupakan adalah salah satu dari bagian dasar dari suatu sistem komputer yang didalamnya terdapat sebuah processor, input dan output, RAM, ROM, System Bus, Contol Unit, Shift Register dan Aritmatic Logic Unit.Mikrokontroller ini mampu mengaktifkan beberapa perangkat elektronika seperti led, buzzer, motor DC, lampu penerangandan sebagainya. Saat ini dalam masa pademi coronavirus tempat-tempat keramain wajib menerapkan protokol kesehatanyang dianjurkan oleh pemerintah seperti memakasi masker,mencuci tangan, membawa sanitizer. Dan bagi tempattempat keramaian wajib menerapkannya. Karena coronavirus ini sangat mudah menular. Oleh sebab itu penulis meneliti bahwa sanitizer yang ada di depan toko itu masih menerapkan manual. Sehingga dapat menularkan virus tersebut. Oleh karenaitu penulis berfikiran menerapkan sanitizer otomatis dengan mikrokontroller yang dibuat. Dengan dibuatnya sistem inidiharapkan dapat mengurangi penyebaran penularan coronavirus (COVID-19) di tempat-tempat keramaian.
Las funciones informativas del líder en el discurso cinematográfico
Authors: Cabezas Holgado Emilio , Aiger Vallés Montserrat , Palacín Lois María
Published: May 2021

Relacionar comunicación y liderazgo implica analizar la relación de las funciones informativas básicas y la influencia del líder para ver la relación entre la estructura de su discurso (Tema/Foco) y la acción dinamizadora de este a través de sus roles. El discurso destaca expresiones dinámicas que orientan la influencia del líder hacia sus seguidores. Ver esta relación es el eje central de la aportación de este trabajo donde el Foco (función informática básica) engrana la dirección de la acción del líder a través de roles concretos que van definiendo el estilo de liderazgo e influencia. El Cine nos ha proporcionado herramientas comunicativas que nos permiten analizar las particularidades discursivas de emisores de perfil lingüístico específico. En este sentido, determinados roles, como el de líder, organizan y sitúan las funciones informativas básicas de Tema y Foco de manera que el carácter de esta última determine el estilo ´dinamizador´ de dicho rol
Planes de comunicación de las universidades españolas
Authors: Pellicer Jordá María Teresa
Published: May 2021

La comunicación es fundamental en una sociedad global y es básico que todos los organismos, públicos o privados, cuenten con un plan de comunicación, una hoja de ruta de sus acciones comunicativas, que les permita establecer un buen diseño, una estrategia clara, mecanismos de control y evaluación de las acciones realizadas. En las universidades españolas son muy pocas las que disponen de un texto de este tipo. Esta investigación realiza un diagnóstico de la situación y una revisión teórica de las ventajas que ofrece disponer de un plan de comunicación que detecte los puntos débiles y fuertes y establezca acciones concretas de mejora, organizadas en el tiempo con un cronograma y con una previsión de los recursos necesarios para llevarlas a cabo. Los resultados indican que solo cinco de las 84 universidades españolas cuentan con un plan de comunicación público, lo que supone un 5,9% del total de universidades y solo dos de ellos ofrecen mecanismos de control del cumplimiento de las acciones propuestas. Este análisis nos permite, además, conocer cuáles son los objetivos y parámetros principales relevantes para estas universidades en materia de comunicación, establecer una revisión crítica de ellos y diseñar un esquema de plan de comunicación que podría ser la base para cualquier texto de este tipo que se quiera realizar. Tras el diagnóstico general se propone la base teórica de la que se pueden servir dichas instituciones educativas para diseñar y desarrollar un plan de comunicación completo y eficaz en tiempo y forma.
Una mujer enmarcada
Authors: Quiroga Álvarez Ana
Published: May 2021

En el filme Una mujer casada, Jean-Luc Godard recoge las vivencias de Charlotte, una mujer joven parisina que combina su rol de madre con el de amante. A modo de hilo conductor, el realizador emplea los códigos del lenguaje publicitario de los años 60, sirviéndose de planos generales y primeros planos de vallas publicitarias y anuncios de revistas para enfatizar el poder de influencia de la publicidad sobre mujeres como Charlotte. Tomando la figura de Charlotte como referencia, este artículo pretende estudiar cómo el lenguaje publicitario determina el modo en el que las mujeres se perciben a sí mismas. Un análisis acerca a la representación de lo femenino en los medios de masas que emana del trabajo de Ann Kaplan «mirada masculina» (Kaplan, 1983) buscando comprender el alcance social, cultural y económico que tiene la publicidad en la sociedad occidental. Para ello, se ha optado por un enfoque interdisciplinar que parte de la película Una mujer casada para realizar un análisis de la imagen en torno a la representación de lo femenino en los medios franceses de los años sesenta. Asumiendo las diferencias espaciales y temporales entre la sociedad francesa reflejada en la película y la actual, este tipo de aproximaciones permiten conocer la influencia que ha tenido el discurso publicitario de los años sesenta en la conformación actual de los arquetipos de género.
Tweeting on dementia: A snapshot of the content and sentiment of tweets associated with dementia
Authors: Robertshaw David , Babicova Ivana
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to record and characterise tweets related to dementia, to investigate their content and sentiment. Data were extracted from Twitter over a period of six weeks during February and March 2019 and then analysed using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) and AntWordProfiler. Using five search terms related to dementia, this study collected 860,383 tweets (more than 27 million words). Results have shown that out of all the collected tweets, 48.63 percent of tweets related to the search term ‘dementia’, 49.95 percent to ‘Alzheimer’s disease’ and the remainder related to frontotemporal dementia, Lewy Body dementia and vascular dementia. People wrote more positively and personally about the term ‘dementia’ than the other terms, and more technically regarding the term ‘Alzheimer’s disease’. All search terms had a negative emotional tone overall. Dementia and related terms are commonly discussed on Twitter. The overall negative emotional tone associated with all dementia related search terms suggests that dementia is still largely stigmatised and talked about negatively. Recommendations for future research include the development of a health world list or a dementia world list, and to consider how the results of this research inform social change interventions going forwards.
Subtle Asian Traits and COVID-19
Authors: Abidin Crystal , Zeng Jing
Published: June 2021

This paper studies how members of Subtle Asian Traits (SAT), a massive Facebook group of over 1.8 million members, congregate and commiserate online over their growth pains and experiences as (diasporic) East Asians. Founded in September 2018 by a group of Asian-Australian teenagers ‘as a joke’, SAT members share ‘Asian positive’ stories, resources, and memes through an average of 1,200 new posts daily. Alongside global milestone events, such as the rise of K-pop in the Global North and Korean film Parasite’s unprecedented four awards at the Academy Awards, SAT has also evolved into a space to celebrate Asian excellence, tease out identity politics, and discuss issues of injustice. However, upon the onset of COVID-19, the posts on SAT have swiftly pivoted to the everyday lived experiences of (diaspora) East Asians around the world. In this paper, we reflect on our experiences as East Asian diaspora members on SAT, and share our observations of meaning-making, identity-making, and community-making as East Asians who are collectively coping with our cultural identities and with COVID-19 aggression. Specifically, we study how Asianness is negotiated, circulated, and commodified on SAT, and offer the concept of ‘platformed Asianness’ to understand how being Asian online is co-constructed by an international Asian diaspora, group admins, and the technological affordances of Facebook.
Forming recommendations for the development of a high-productivity rolling press advanced construction
Authors: Baiul K.V. , Vashchenko S.V. , Khudyakov A.Yu. , Solodkaya N.A. , Prokudina E.B.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the work is to develop technical solutions aimed at creating a high-performance roller briquette press. The results of previous studies and the experience of creating roller presses of various designs, evaluating their production and technological efficiency are summarized. It was established that the basis for the development of an improved press design should be based on principles that ensure its simplicity, decrease in metal consumption, size, ease of operation, as well as the ability to provide the required physical and mechanical properties and quality of briquettes. It is shown that these principles can be implemented in the process of modernization of roller presses created earlier at the Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy. The roll press can be modernized by using mechanical and hydraulic devices to protect the rolls from overloading, developing new effective ways of attaching bandages and drive elements, using modern monitoring and control devices to regulate the operation of the press. Expansion of technological capabilities of the press is provided by using devices for distribution and pre-compaction of the briquetted charge. The choice of a rational scheme of deformation and calibration of the working surfaces of the press rolls ensures the optimization of the energy and power parameters of briquetting. The paper formulates recommendations and requirements for the creation of an improved high-performance roller press for briquetting a wide range of small fractional raw materials. Proposed a fundamental solution to the layout of the press.
The Unfinished Business Of Regulating Clearinghouses
Authors: Saguato Paolo
Published: May 2021

Financial derivatives have been widely blamed for causing the 2008 financial crisis. These complex instruments created a deep and opaque web of bilateral links between major financial institutions that contributed to the transmission of systemic risk throughout financial markets. In order to stabilize the derivatives markets, legislators included radical provisions in the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act of 2010. As a result, traders are now required to process derivatives through clearinghouses: specialized risk managers that act as middlemen between buyers and sellers and guarantee each party’s performance.

Policymakers believed that clearinghouses would provide much-needed stability in derivatives markets by acting as designated systemic risk managers. However, this Article argues that the effect of clearinghouses on systemic risk is less clear-cut than scholars and policymakers have generally believed. While clearinghouses have removed much of the financial risk from markets, they have simultaneously concentrated it within their own walls. Yet, these walls stand on fragile foundations: the economic and governance incentives of clearinghouses and their stakeholders are misaligned, which could undermine their systemic resilience.

This Article contends that the current regulatory framework has critical, overlooked flaws that exacerbate clearinghouses’ moral hazard while creating new, risky, too-big-to-fail institutions. It urges policymakers to intervene: in order to rectify this situation, financial regulators must do more to ensure that clearinghouses are bastions of financial stability and not systemic risk amplifiers. The implementation of a multi-stakeholder board and the creation of hybrid financial instruments to complement the capital structure of clearinghouses are the first steps toward enhancing the accountability and systemic resilience of these critical market infrastructures.
Volcker Rule in Practice
Authors: Schiff Jordan
Published: May 2021

Established as part of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the Volcker Rule’s restriction of banks and financial companies from participating in proprietary trading was conceived of as a response to the systemic institutional failures that are commonly noted to be partially responsible for the financial crisis of 2008. Over its short and contentious lifetime, the Rule has been widely praised by some as a necessary step toward limiting unsustainably risky corporate investment practices, and widely vilified by others as being poorly drafted, impracticably restrictive, and only tenuously connected to the crisis precipitating its enactment. The conspicuous disunity among participants in this discussion reflects, in part, the difficulty of measuring the direct impact that the Volcker Rule has had since its enactment, particularly given the complexity of the investment activities the Rule attempts to regulate and the dearth of conclusive statistics indicating which phenomena are accurately attributable to the Rule’s interference.

Through a survey and analysis of the public’s input and assessment of the Volcker Rule and its more recent development, this Note explores how administrative processes have fared in giving an adequate voice to the various viewpoints of affected private citizens, businesses, and public entities. Ultimately, this Note argues that the Volcker Rule’s surprisingly modest evolution to date is overshadowed by charged rhetoric, vast information gaps, and unbalanced regulatory feedback rather than substantive bilateral exchange—a phenomenon frustratingly typical of the democratic processes in the context of complex financial reform. This Note concludes by offering reflections on the Volcker Rule’s evolution to date and what the data examined has to say about the successes and shortcomings of the lawmaking processes driving that evolution forward.
An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Legal Sports Betting On Consumer Credit Health
Authors: Clarida Matthew Q.
Published: May 2021

The Supreme Court’s May 2018 decision in Murphy v. NCAA removed the federal prohibition against sports betting and invited states to regulate the practice for themselves. This has launched a national debate. Advocates in favor of legal sports betting champion increased tax revenues, business for struggling casinos and racetracks, and regulation of a practice that has flourished in the shadows. Detractors warn of the social ills commonly associated with gambling, including crime, addiction, and financial waste.

This Note provides the first empirical analysis of the impact of legal sports betting on consumer credit health. Making use of the staggered sequencing of state legalization, I find that legal sports betting accounts for a small but statistically significant increase in mortgage delinquency rates. I submit that this finding justifies caution as policymakers explore legal sports betting opportunities.