bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
miQC: An adaptive probabilistic framework for quality control of single-cell RNA-sequencing data
Authors: Hippen Ariel A. , Falco Matias M. , Weber Lukas M. , Erkan Erdogan Pekcan , Zhang Kaiyang , Doherty Jennifer Anne , Vähärautio Anna , Greene Casey S. , Hicks Stephanie C.
Published: August 2021

Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) has made it possible to profile gene expression in tissues at high resolution. An important preprocessing step prior to performing downstream analyses is to identify and remove cells with poor or degraded sample quality using quality control (QC) metrics. Two widely used QC metrics to identify a ‘low-quality’ cell are (i) if the cell includes a high proportion of reads that map to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encoded genes and (ii) if a small number of genes are detected. Current best practices use these QC metrics independently with either arbitrary, uniform thresholds (e.g. 5%) or biological context-dependent (e.g. species) thresholds, and fail to jointly model these metrics in a data-driven manner. Current practices are often overly stringent and especially untenable on certain types of tissues, such as archived tumor tissues, or tissues associated with mitochondrial function, such as kidney tissue [1]. We propose a data-driven QC metric (miQC) that jointly models both the proportion of reads mapping to mtDNA genes and the number of detected genes with mixture models in a probabilistic framework to predict the low-quality cells in a given dataset. We demonstrate how our QC metric easily adapts to different types of single-cell datasets to remove low-quality cells while preserving high-quality cells that can be used for downstream analyses. Our software package is available athttps://bioconductor.org/packages/miQC.
The impact of local assembly rules on RNA packaging in a T = 1 satellite plant virus
Authors: Hill Sam R. , Twarock Reidun , Dykeman Eric C.
Published: August 2021

The vast majority of viruses consist of a nucleic acid surrounded by a protective icosahedral protein shell called the capsid. During viral infection of a host cell, the timing and efficiency of the assembly process is important for ensuring the production of infectious new progeny virus particles. In the class of single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses, the assembly of the capsid takes place in tandem with packaging of the ssRNA genome in a highly cooperative co-assembly process. In simple ssRNA viruses such as the bacteriophage MS2 and small RNA plant viruses such as STNV, this cooperative process results from multiple interactions between the protein shell and sites in the RNA genome which have been termed packaging signals. Using a stochastic assembly algorithm which includes cooperative interactions between the protein shell and packaging signals in the RNA genome, we demonstrate that highly efficient assembly of STNV capsids arises from a set of simple local rules. Altering the local assembly rules results in different nucleation scenarios with varying assembly efficiencies, which in some cases depend strongly on interactions with RNA packaging signals. Our results provide a potential simple explanation based on local assembly rules for the ability of some ssRNA viruses to spontaneously assemble around charged polymers and other non-viral RNAs in vitro.
CRP immunodeposition and proteomic analysis in abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Kim Eun Na , Yu Jiyoung , Lim Joon Seo , Jeong Hwangkyo , Kim Chong Jai , Choi Jae-Sung , Kim So Ra , Ahn Hee-Sung , Kim Kyunggon , Oh Se Jin
Published: August 2021

Objective

The molecular mechanisms of the degeneration of the aortic wall in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are poorly understood. The monomeric form of C-reactive protein (mCRP) is deposited in damaged cardiovascular organs and aggravates the prognosis; however, it is unknown whether mCRP is deposited in the degenerated aorta of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). We investigated whether mCRP is deposited in AAA and examined the associated pathogenic signaling pathways.

Methods

Twenty-four cases of AAA were analyzed and their histological features were compared according to the level of serum CRP and the degree of mCRP deposition. Proteomic analysis was performed in AAA cases with strong and diffuse CRP immunopositivity (n = 7) and those with weak, focal, and junctional CRP immunopositivity (n = 3).

Results

mCRP was deposited in the aortic specimens of AAA in a characteristic pattern that coincided with the lesion of the diminished elastic layer of the aortic wall. High serum CRP level was associated with stronger mCRP immunopositivity and a larger maximal diameter of aortic aneurysm. Proteomic analysis in AAA showed that multiple proteins were differentially expressed according to mCRP immunopositivity. Also, ingenuity pathway analysis showed that pathways associated with atherosclerosis, acute phase response, complement system, immune system, and coagulation were enriched in AAA cases with high mCRP immunopositivity.

Conclusions

AAA showed a characteristic deposition of mCRP, and multiple potentially pathologic signaling pathways were upregulated in AAA cases with strong CRP immunopositivity. mCRP and the aforementioned pathological pathways may serve as targets for managing the progression of AAA.
Relationship between interoceptive sensibility and somatoform disorders in adults with autism spectrum traits. The mediating role of alexithymia and emotional dysregulation
Authors: Zdankiewicz-Ścigała Elżbieta , Ścigała Dawid , Sikora Joanna , Kwaterniak Wanda , Longobardi Claudio
Published: August 2021

Objective

The purpose of the study is to analyses the relationship between interoceptive sensibility and somatoform disorders among persons with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It has been assumed that the interoceptive sensibility is accompanied by a high level of alexithymia and emotion dysregulation in somatoform disorders.

Methods

Persons under the care of the foundation helping people with ASD were asked to participate in the study. In total, 205 people took part in the research. The participants aged from 18 to 63 (M = 34.91; SD = 8.44). The ASD group comprised 79 persons (38.5% of subjects). The control group comprised 126 individuals (61.5% of subjects). Participants completed self-report questionnaires measuring autism (AQ), interoceptive sensibility (BPQ), alexithymia (TAS20), emotional dysregulation (DERS), and somatoform disorder (SDQ).

Results

The analyses showed a moderation effect of the group, which indicates the existence of a relationship between interoceptive sensibility and somatoform disorders to the greater extent in the clinical group than in the control group. In addition, the serial multiple mediation model analysis allowed to verify the mediating effect of emotion dysregulation and alexithymia on the abovementioned relationship. The indirect effect, which assumed the mediating role of alexithymia turned out to be significant, contrary to the indirect effect where emotion dysregulation was a mediator in a situation where both variables were applied simultaneously.

Conclusions

Interoceptive sensibility correlated with level of alexithymia, in particular, difficulties in identifying and verbalizing emotions and emotion dysregulation in the lack of emotional awareness and lack of emotional clarity and is associated with somatoform disorders in the investigated group regardless of participants’ belonging to the ASD or control group.
Modeling learner-controlled mental model learning processes by a second-order adaptive network model
Authors: Bhalwankar Rajesh , Treur Jan
Published: August 2021

Learning knowledge or skills usually is considered to be based on the formation of an adequate internal mental model as a specific type of mental network. The learning process for such a mental model conceptualised as a mental network, is a form of (first-order) mental network adaptation. Such learning often integrates learning by observation and learning by instruction. For an effective learning process, an appropriate timing of these different elements is crucial. By controlling the timing of them, the mental network adaptation process becomes adaptive itself, which is called second-order mental network adaptation. In this paper, a second-order adaptive mental network model is proposed addressing this. The first-order adaptation process models the learning process of mental models and the second-order adaptation process controls the timing of the elements of this learning process. It is illustrated by a case study for the learner-controlled mental model learning in the context of driving a car. Here the learner is in control of the integration of learning by observation and learning by instruction.
Bananas, coffee and palm oil: The trade of agricultural commodities in the framework of the EU-Colombia free trade agreement
Authors: Cubillos T. Julieth P. , Soltész Béla , Vasa László
Published: August 2021

Generally, research and studies about commodities focus on price trends, analysis in terms of international competitiveness, market position structure, rate of net exports, market share, and concentration index. This paper has developed an analysis of the most influential agricultural commodities traded from Colombia to European Union, which are bananas, coffee, and palm oil. Analyzing the economic and commercial effects in two traditional agricultural commodities from Colombia (bananas and coffee) with the rise of palm oil as a commodity in the trade relation with its partner; the European Union. The structure draws from the overview of general aspects and the behavior of Colombian foreign trade, as diversification of export products and trade partners, to focus on the characteristics of the trade relationship between the European Union and Colombia. The aim is analyze the proportional relation between bananas, coffee, and palm oil exported to the EU, according to three indicators, the volume of production, exports share, and trade value, from 2008 until 2019, identifying the trends before and after the implementation of the free trade agreement. Finally, with the coefficient correlation, determine the agricultural commodity that has the strongest and positive relationship with the total agricultural exports value from Colombia to the European Union.
Large spatiotemporal variability in metabolic regimes for an urban stream draining four wastewater treatment plants with implications for dissolved oxygen monitoring
Authors: Ledford Sarah H. , Diamond Jacob S. , Toran Laura
Published: August 2021

Urbanization and subsequent expansion of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) capacity has the potential to alter stream metabolic regimes, but the magnitude of this change remains unknown. Indeed, our understanding of downstream WWTP effects on stream metabolism is spatially and temporally limited, and monitoring designs with upstream-downstream comparison sites are rare. Despite this, and despite observed spatiotemporal variability in stream metabolic regimes, regulators typically use snapshot monitoring to assess ecosystem function in receiving streams, potentially leading to biased conclusions about stream health. To address these important practical issues, we assessed the spatiotemporal variability in stream metabolism at nine sites upstream and downstream of four WWTPs in a suburban stream. We used one year (2017–2018) of high-frequency dissolved oxygen (DO) data to model daily gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER). We found that GPP was 1.7–4.0 times higher and ER was 1.2–7.2 times higher downstream of the WWTPs, especially in spring when light was not limited by canopy shading. Critically, we observed that these effects were spatially limited to the kilometer or so just downstream of the plant. These effects were also temporally limited, and metabolic rates upstream of WWTPs were not different from sites downstream of the plant after leaf-out at some sites. Across sites, regardless of their relation to WWTPs, GPP was positively correlated with potential incident light suggesting that light is the dominant control on GPP in this system. Temporal windowing of DO to proposed regulatory monitoring lengths revealed that the violation frequency of water quality criteria depended on both the monitoring interval and start date. We conclude that spatiotemporal variability in metabolism and DO are crucial considerations when developing monitoring programs to assess ecosystem function, and that evidence of WWTP effects may only arise during high light conditions and at limited scales.
Torquetenovirus in saliva: A potential biomarker for SARS-CoV-2 infection?
Authors: Mendes-Correa Maria C. , Tozetto-Mendoza Tania Regina , Freire Wilton S. , Paiao Heuder G. O. , Ferraz Andrea B. C. , Mamana Ana C. , Ferreira Noely E. , de Paula Anderson V. , Felix Alvina C. , Romano Camila M. , Braz-Silva Paulo H. , Leal Fabio E. , Grespan Regina M. Z. , Sabino Ester C. , Costa Silvia F. , Witkin Steven S.
Published: August 2021

Torquetenovirus (TTV) is present in biological fluids from healthy individuals and measurement of its titer is used to assess immune status in individuals with chronic infections and after transplants. We assessed if the titer of TTV in saliva varied with the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the nasopharynx and could be a marker of COVID-19 status. Saliva from 91 individuals positive for SARS-CoV-2 in nasal-oropharyngeal samples, and from 126 individuals who were SARS-CoV-2-negative, all with mild respiratory symptoms, were analyzed. Both groups were similar in age, gender, symptom duration and time after symptom initiation when saliva was collected. Titers of TTV and SARS-CoV-2 were assessed by gene amplification. Loss of smell (p = 0.0001) and fever (p = 0.0186) were more prevalent in SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals, while sore throat (p = 0.0001), fatigue (p = 0.0037) and diarrhea (p = 0.0475) were more frequent in the SARS-CoV-2 negative group. The saliva TTV and nasal-oropharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 titers were correlated (p = 0.0085). The TTV level decreased as symptoms resolved in the SARS-CoV-2 infected group (p = 0.0285) but remained unchanged in the SARS-CoV-2 negative controls. In SARS-CoV-2 positive subjects who provided 2–4 saliva samples and in which TTV was initially present, the TTV titer always decreased over time as symptoms resolved. We propose that sequential TTV measurement in saliva is potentially useful to assess the likelihood of symptom resolution in SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals and to predict prognosis.
Calcium amendment for improved germination, plant growth, and leaf photosynthetic electron transport in oat (Avena sativa) under NaCl stress
Authors: Wang Xiaoshan , Dingxuan Qiyue , Shi Mengmeng
Published: August 2021

Calcium (Ca2+) is an essential nutrient element for plants as it stabilizes the membrane system structure and controls enzyme activity. To investigate the effects of Ca2+ on plant growth and leaf photosynthetic electron transport in oat (Avena sativa) under NaCl stress, oat seeds and plants were cultivated in nutrient solutions with single NaCl treatment and NaCl treatment with CaCl2 amendment. By measuring the seed germination rate, plant growth, Na+ and Cl- accumulation in leaves, ion leakage in seedlings and leaves, prompt chlorophyll a fluorescence (PF) transient (OJIP), delayed chlorophyll a fluorescence (DF), and modulated 820 nm reflection (MR) values of the leaves at different growth phases, we observed that Ca2+ alleviated the inhibition of germination and plant growth and decreased Na+ and Cl- accumulation and ion leakage in the leaves under NaCl stress. NaCl stress changed the curves of the OJIP transient, induced PF intensity at P-step (FP) decrease and PF intensity at J-step (FJ) increase, resulted in obvious K and L bands, and altered the performance index of absorption (PIABS), the absorption of antenna chlorophyll (ABS/RC), electron movement efficiency (ETo/TRo), and potential maximum photosynthetic capacity (FV/FM) values. With the time extension of NaCl stress, I1 and I2 in the DF curve showed a decreasing trend, the lowest values of MR/MRO curve increased, and the highest points of the MR/MRO curve decreased. Compared with NaCl treatment, the extent of change induced by NaCl in the values of OJIP, DF and MR was reduced in the NaCl treatment with CaCl2 amendment. These results revealed that Ca2+ might improve the photosynthetic efficiency and the growth of salt-stressed plants by maintaining the integrity of oxygen-evolving complexes and electron transporters on the side of the PSI receptor and enhancing the relationship between the functional units of the photosynthetic electron transport chain. The findings from this study could be used for improving crop productivity in saline alkali lands.
Perspectives of four stakeholder groups about the participation of female forest landowners in forest management in Georgia, United States
Authors: Miner Jacqueline , Dwivedi Puneet , Izlar Robert , Atkins Danielle , Kadam Parag
Published: August 2021

As the number of female forest landowners (FFLs) in the United States continues to rise, there is an increasing need to understand the perceptions of stakeholder groups about opportunities and challenges faced by FFLs in the context of sustainable forestland management. This study utilizes the technique of SWOT-AHP (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Treats—Analytical Hierarchy Process) to understand the perceptions of four stakeholder groups (FFLs, private foresters, government representatives, and non-profits) in Georgia–a significant forestry state located in the Southern United States. Sixteen factors (four under each SWOT category) were selected through a comprehensive literature review and detailed interviews with individuals from the identified stakeholder groups. A survey was created using these factors that asked stakeholders to compare them in their respective SWOT categories. An additional survey was created for each stakeholder group where survey participants compared the highest-ranking factors in each SWOT category. We found that all stakeholder groups prioritized weaknesses over the other SWOT categories. Results showed a significant need for relevant educational outreach programs that cater specifically to FFLs. Additionally, researchers found a need to promote the interest of future generations in forestland management as all stakeholder groups felt that limited interest from future generations was the most important threat. This study will directly feed into regional, national, and international attempts to increase the participation of minority family forest landowners in sustainable forest management through integrated forest policy development.
Evaluation of chimeric proteins for serological diagnosis of brucellosis in cattle
Authors: Bulashev Aitbay K. , Ingirbay Bakytkali K. , Mukantayev Kanatbek N. , Syzdykova Alfiya S.
Published: August 2021

Background and Aim: An accurate diagnosis of Brucella-infected animals is one of the critical measures in eradication programs. Conventional serological tests based on whole-cell (WC) antigens and detecting antibodies against pathogen-associated lipopolysaccharide might give false-positive results due to the cross-reactivity with other closely related bacteria. This study evaluated the serological potential of Brucella spp. chimeric outer membrane proteins (Omps) as antigens in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA). Materials and Methods: The chimeric gene constructs of the most immunodominant regions of Brucella Omps 25+31, 25+19, and 19+31 were cloned into the pET28a expression vectors and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The serological potential of chimeric proteins compared with single recombinant Omps (rOmps)19, 25, and/or 31 were studied on blood serum samples of (i) a rabbit immunized with killed Brucella abortus 19WC, (ii) mice immunized with single rOmps, (iii) cows seropositive for brucellosis by rose Bengal test, and (iv) cattle naturally and/or experimentally infected with brucellosis. Results: E. coli BL21 actively produced Brucella chimeric rOmps, the concentration of which reached a maximum level at 6 h after isopropyl-β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside stimulation. Target proteins were antigenic and expressed in an active state, as recognized by rabbit anti-B. abortus antibodies in an i-ELISA and western blotting. Murine antibodies against the single rOmps reacted with chimeric antigens, and conversely, antichimeric antibodies found their epitopes in single proteins. Brucella chimeric rOmps showed higher antigenicity in blood sera of seropositive cattle kept in the hotbed of the infection and/or experimentally challenged with brucellosis than single proteins. Conclusion: Brucella chimeric recombinant outer membrane proteins could be a potential antigen candidate for developing an ELISA test for accurate diagnosis of bovine brucellosis.
A PÓS-MODERNIDADE E O PENSAMENTO SOCIAL: COMPLEMENTARIEDADE OU ANTAGONISMO?
Authors: Silva Leonardo Luiz Silveira da
Published: August 2021

É bastante difundido que os pressupostos da pós-modernidade criam dificuldades para o pensamento e, consequentemente, ação social. Esta ideia se sustenta a partir do entendimento que a pós-modernidade contribui para a desconstrução da materialidade de conceitos-chave que servem às reivindicações sociais, além de promover o questionamento das metanarrativas e dos discursos da modernidade. Após perpassar por uma discussão sobre a materialidade e a imaterialidade, o artigo reflete sobre o embate entre a pós-modernidade e o pensamento social, chegando à conclusão de que em certas perspectivas se configura o antagonismo e, em outras, a complementariedade, sendo esta discussão necessária para que a geografia mantenha o protagonismo no debate interdisciplinar.
EXTENDING THE LIMITS OF CAMPOS RUPESTRES IN BRAZIL
Authors: De Queiroz Rubens Teixeira , De Souza Bartolomeu Israel , Souza José João Lelis Leal , De Medeiros Joseilsom Ramos , Da Fonseca Christianne Farias , Cardoso Eini Celly Morais
Published: August 2021

Campos rupestres are typical ecosystems of rock outcrops with high biodiversity and endemism, located in Brazilian territory, with vegetation analogous in Africa and Australia. The campos rupestres cover deeply dystrophic soils on highlands inserted in Amazon rainforest, Atlantic rainforest and Cerrado biomes. Despite recognition of campos rupestres as a global biodiversity hotspot, little is known its occurrence in dry forests. So, this work aimed to describe vegetable cover and soil properties in highlands associated to rock outcrops on Caatinga biome. A pristine area in Borborema plateau was chosen as study area. Frequency of species and life forms indicate high vegetable density and herbaceous habits predominance. Although the high similarity of species with Caatinga biome, presence of Albizia, Dalbergia, Poecilanthe e Platymiscium indicates a truly distinct floristic composition. Soils are shallower, less fertile and has lower water storage capacity than predominant soils in Caatinga. This work reveals the presence of campos rupestres beyond the areas previously considered favorable to its presence, extending its occurrence to regions of lower precipitation. The occurrence of the campos rupestres is attributed to an additional supply of water from fog in consonance with organic soils. Therefore, areas with similar characteristics should be prioritized to be preserved.
O SUJEITO NA GEOGRAFIA: UMA PROPOSTA PARA SE PENSAR O ESPAÇO POR MEIO DE DIFERENTES PRISMAS
Authors: Savério Sposito Eliseu , Anastácio Alves da Silva Késia
Published: August 2021

Pensar o sujeito, na Geografia, é uma possibilidade que apresentamos, por meio de sua relação com o objeto, o espaço e em sua potência conceitual com o território e lugar. A partir dessas referências, os conceitos de horizonte geográfico e geograficidade surgem como meio e condição para leitura do sujeito. O texto, esboçado como uma proposta interpretativa, tem análise do percurso do sujeito sociológico ao sujeito geográfico, passando por sua relação com o espaço, o território e o lugar, indo na direção de uma interdisciplinaridade em busca de argumentos na Sociologia e na Antropologia, principalmente, como forma de diálogo para trazer, para a Geografia, diferentes leituras do espaço e do território.
THE KUZNETS CURVE FOR MOTORCYCLES IN BRAZIL
Authors: Gama Fábio , Bastos Suzana Quinet de Andrade , Assis Tiana  de Paula , Carvalho Luíza
Published: August 2021

This article evaluates the evolution of motorcycle adoption in Brazil. More specifically, we aim to empirically understand the relationship between the number of two-wheeled vehicles and the country's level of development, as well as some of the factors that reinforce vehicle adoption in determined areas. The work uses data for 5565 Brazilian municipalities from 2010 to 2016 and implements a fixed-effects panel model. The results indicate an inverse relationship between income and number of motorcycles, corroborating the hypothesis of a Kuznets curve for motorcycles and income level in Brazil. In addition to the validation of the increase in the number of motorcycles observed in the country in recent years, we also find evidence that the increase in the number of motorcycles in municipalities may be related to the drop in formal employment, and big municipalities have the lowest per capita motorcycle ratio.
MOVIMENTOS MIGRATÓRIOS NOS PEQUENOS MUNICÍPIOS DO SUDESTE BRASILEIRO
Authors: Gomes Nayhara Freitas Martins , Matos Ralfo Edmundo da Silva , Lobo Carlos Fernando Ferreira
Published: August 2021

As migrações realizadas entre os municípios de pequeno porte do Sudeste brasileiro revelam a existência de novas tendências demográficas. O objetivo deste artigo é averiguar as configurações territoriais associadas à dinâmica migratória nestas localidades. Para sua consecução foram analisados os microdados dos censos demográficos de 1991, 2000 e 2010 produzidos pelo IBGE. Considerou-se como municípios de pequeno porte, aqueles que apresentavam população inferior a 50 mil habitantes, totalizando 1.430 localidades. Os resultados evidenciaram que uma parcela considerável destes municípios experimentou aumento no ritmo de crescimento demográfico quando comparado a outros municípios de maior porte demográfico. Além disso, participaram expressivamente do processo de redistribuição espacial da população, constituindo em importantes núcleos de atração populacional. Tal fato, sugere o fortalecimento de determinados centros regionais e um maior dinamismo da economia local.
CONTAMINAÇÃO DA ÁGUA SUBTERRÂNEA E DO SOLO POR HIDROCARBONETOS ORIUNDOS DE POSTOS DE SERVIÇOS DE BRASÍLIA, DISTRITO FEDERAL, BRASIL
Authors: Batista Fernanda Viana , Barros Rosana Gonçalves , Barbara Viniciu Fagundes
Published: August 2021

A pesquisa objetivou quantificar hidrocarbonetos em terrenos de postos de combustíveis localizados no Cerrado brasileiro, mais especificamente em Brasília, Distrito Federal, mediante a realização de Investigações de Passivo Ambiental Detalhadas. Para tanto, 83 sondagens foram executadas em dez estabelecimentos (P-1 a P-10) visando delimitar plumas de contaminação em fase livre, sorvida e dissolvida. No total, 117 amostras de água subterrânea e 83 de solo foram analisadas para os parâmetros benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos (BTEX) e hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (PAH). Os resultados demonstraram a inexistência de contaminação ambiental por PAH, contudo, em 80% dos estabelecimentos foram identificados BTEX na água subterrânea e no solo, cujas maiores concentrações foram de 2.653,00 μg.L-1 (B; P-8), 14.744,00 μg.L-1 (T; P-7),  3.820,00 μg.L-1 (E; P-5), 29.650,00 μg.L-1 (X; P-5) para o meio hídrico subsuperficial, e de 1,18 mg.Kg-1 (B; P-5) e 112,76 mg.Kg-1 (X; P-7) para o edáfico. São necessárias ações voltadas à proteção humana e ambiental nos terrenos contaminados, o que deve ser feito com base nas próximas etapas integrantes da Metodologia de Gerenciamento de Áreas Contaminadas (GAC).
Continuous embedding between P-de Branges spaces
Authors: Bellavita Carlo
Published: August 2021

In this paper we study the continuity of the embedding operator ℓ : ℋ
p
(E) ↪ ℋ
q
(E) when 0 < p < q ⩽ ∞. The necessary and sufficient condition has already been described in [10] if p > 1. In this work, we address the problem when p = 1, using a new approach, but asking some additional hypothesis about the Hermite-Biehler function E. We give also a different proof for the case p > 1.
Public Expenditure and Sustainable Public Finances Post-COVID
Authors: Schuknecht Ludger
Published: August 2021

The COVID 19 pandemic resulted in a major increase in fiscal imbalances and public spending. Spending and debt ratios reached new historic records in many advanced countries. To some observers this means heightened concerns about sustainability, while others argue for even more public spending financed with more “interest-free” debt. The facts, however, show that more public spending would be a risky strategy given very high public debt ratios. Moreover, there is much room for expenditure reductions and efficiency gains, that would allow to attain more sustainable public finances, boost real economic growth, enhance resilience against crises and pay for future challenges such as population aging, climate change and geopolitics.
Human Rights at the Time of a Global Pandemic: The Case of Muslim Tatars
Authors: Shaykhutdinov Renat
Published: August 2021

How are the human rights pertaining to the freedom of conscience/religion, health, and distinct culture intersect in the context of a global pandemic in the Muslim-minority areas? How do Russia’s Muslims make sense of the challenges to those rights caused or exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic? In this paper, I focus on diverse Muslim Tatar communities, primarily of the Middle Volga region, who have recently witnessed numerous political and socioeconomic challenges infringing on their human rights. Attending on the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, in this paper I gauge the nature of human rights in the areas of health and religion by interrogating how the general Muslim publics and elites understand, justify, and explain those challenges in an environment of creeping authoritarianism. I call for a conceptual shift from the elite-driven traditional security perspectives to those of human rights as quotidian/everyday experiences while considering these vital issues. I use the Tatar-language Internet forums for the empirical analysis, offering and delineating the discursive repertoires and categorizing the areas of public concern in the new pandemic world.
Orange-fleshed sweetpotato: Strategies and lessons learned for achieving food security and health at scale in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Girard Amy Webb , Brouwer Anthony , Faerber Emily , Grant Frederick K. , Low Jan W.
Published: August 2021

Against a worsening backdrop of climate stress and population growth, drought-resistant, highly adaptable, nutritious orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) stands out as a sustainable food crop that supports household resiliency, food security, and health. Recognized as one of the cheapest sources of vitamin A (VA), OFSP holds promise as a food-based approach to combat VA deficiency, a significant public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa. Because the dominant white-fleshed varieties have no beta-carotene, research initiated in the mid-1990s set out to adapt, develop, and promote VA-rich OFSP as a more nutritious alternative to non-OFSP types. Multisectorial strategies that integrate agriculture with health or education sectors hold promise as effective strategies to ensure OFSP reaches and meets the needs of those populations at greatest risk of VA deficiency – pregnant and lactating women, infants, and children. In this article, we share experiences, findings, implementation challenges, and lessons learned from four integrated programs in Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, and Ethiopia that aimed to improve the nutrition and health of women and children with production and promotion of OFSP. Across these projects, households significantly increased OFSP production. In all but one, changes in OFSP production were accompanied by improved food security and maternal and child diets.
Design of hydrogen supply chains under demand uncertainty – a case study of passenger transport in Germany
Authors: Ochoa Bique Anton , Maia Leonardo K. K. , Grossmann Ignacio E. , Zondervan Edwin
Published: August 2021

A strategy for the design of a hydrogen supply chain (HSC) network in Germany incorporating the uncertainty in the hydrogen demand is proposed. Based on univariate sensitivity analysis, uncertainty in hydrogen demand has a very strong impact on the overall system costs. Therefore we consider a scenario tree for a stochastic mixed integer linear programming model that incorporates the uncertainty in the hydrogen demand. The model consists of two configurations, which are analyzed and compared to each other according to production types: water electrolysis versus steam methane reforming. Each configuration has a cost minimization target. The concept of value of stochastic solution (VSS) is used to evaluate the stochastic optimization results and compare them to their deterministic counterpart. The VSS of each configuration shows significant benefits of a stochastic optimization approach for the model presented in this study, corresponding up to 26% of infrastructure investments savings.
Molybdenum nitrides from structures to industrial applications
Authors: Jaf Zainab N. , Miran Hussein A. , Jiang Zhong-Tao , Altarawneh Mohammednoor
Published: August 2021

Owing to their remarkable characteristics, refractory molybdenum nitride (MoN
x
)-based compounds have been deployed in a wide range of strategic industrial applications. This review reports the electronic and structural properties that render MoN
x
materials as potent catalytic surfaces for numerous chemical reactions and surveys the syntheses, procedures, and catalytic applications in pertinent industries such as the petroleum industry. In particular, hydrogenation, hydrodesulfurization, and hydrodeoxygenation are essential processes in the refinement of oil segments and their conversions into commodity fuels and platform chemicals. N-vacant sites over a catalyst’s surface are a significant driver of diverse chemical phenomena. Studies on various reaction routes have emphasized that the transfer of adsorbed hydrogen atoms from the N-vacant sites reduces the activation barriers for bond breaking at key structural linkages. Density functional theory has recently provided an atomic-level understanding of Mo–N systems as active ingredients in hydrotreating processes. These Mo–N systems are potentially extendible to the hydrogenation of more complex molecules, most notably, oxygenated aromatic compounds.
Sequential Social Exclusion in a Novel Cyberball Paradigm Leads to Reduced Behavioral Repair and Plasma Oxytocin in Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Reinhard Matthias A. , Padberg Frank , Dewald-Kaufmann Julia , Wüstenberg Torsten , Goerigk Stephan , Barton Barbara B. , Zülch Adima , Brandl Lisa , Windmüller Hannah , Fernandes Fabiana , Brunoni Andre R. , Musil Richard , Jobst Andrea
Published: August 2021

Patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) show interpersonal deficits, and altered emotional and oxytocin (OT) responses to social exclusion (Cyberball). In order to extend previous findings, this study applies a novel Cyberball variant. Nineteen BPD patients and 56 healthy controls (HC) played Cyberball for 2 minutes of inclusion, 5 minutes of partial exclusion by one of two co-players, and 2 minutes total exclusion by both. Plasma OT levels at baseline and after 7, 9, 15, and 40 minutes were measured with radioimmunoassay. BPD patients showed a greater aversive reaction and a trend for greater OT reduction after social exclusion than HC. BPD patients also tended to play less frequently with the excluder. Though limited by our sample size, we partially replicate previous findings. Our preliminary behavioral data support the notion of an altered OT regulation and reduced capacity for social cooperation in BPD.
ÇEVRESEL SORUNLARA KARŞI ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ: GÜNCEL SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR BESLENME UYGULAMALARINA GENEL BAKIŞ
Authors: CAN Başak , BAYRAM Hatice Merve , OZTURKCAN Arda
Published: August 2021

Günümüzde dünya nüfusunun artması ile birlikte insanlığın, kaynakların tükenme tehlikesi ile karşı karşıya kalması beklenmektedir. "Sürdürülebilir Beslenme" kavramının amaçlarından biri kaynakların gelecek kuşaklara aktarılabilmesidir. Bunun için yapılabileceklerin başında geleneksel beslenme modellerini ve beslenme alışkanlıklarını; çevreye ve sağlığa yararlı beslenme modelleri ve alışkanlıkları ile değiştirmek gelmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra sürdürülebilir beslenme için besin ögesi içerikleri hayvansal protein kaynaklı besinlere yakın olan, herkes tarafından erişilebilir ve kabul görebilecek alternatif protein kaynakları bulmak önemlidir. Son yıllarda ülkemizde bu kavramın önemi artmış durumdadır. Bu derlemenin amacı, sürdürülebilir beslenme ve çevresel etki açısından devamlılığı en fazla olan bitkisel kaynaklı besinleri temel alan beslenme modelleri ile gelecek yüzyıllarda sera gazı etkisini azaltmak için tüketilebilecek alternatif protein kaynakları hakkında insanların bilinç düzeyini artırmak adına kapsamlı bilgi sunmaktır.
The Tapash Sustainable Forestry Collaborative
Authors: Adams Matthew , Blake Samuel , Braun Joseph , Cardona Yazmina , Collins Thomas , Dubay Jacob , Elliott Alexandria , Epifanio Alessandro , Haile Hiyab , Irving Robert , Misner Thian , Nowak Michelle , Price Alex , Richey Ian , Slager Inna , Coleman Kimberly
Published: August 2021

Collaborative planning is increasingly common in the context of natural resource management in the United States. However, there is no universal way to organize collaborative groups, and, subsequently, collaborative structures vary from collaborative group to collaborative group. In order to contribute to the growing knowledge base about the implications of different collaborative structures, we conducted a case study of the Tapash Sustainable Forestry Collaborative, a group located in Washington State that is focused on forest restoration. By analyzing interviews and archival data, we documented the organizational structure of the collaborative group and explored the outcomes of that structure in terms of trust and relationship. We illustrate how the structure of the Tapash Sustainable Forestry Collaborative led to both positive and negative outcomes and additionally describe the steps the group took to address the negative outcomes. Our findings will be useful for anyone considering how to structure their own collaborative group. It can also serve to as an example for scholars interested in the characteristics that support successful collaborative natural resource planning and management. Additionally, the case study provides readers with a background information about several content areas including public participation in forest plan and management, national-level legislation related to forest planning and management, trust and trust repair, adaptive governance, and adaptive management.
Green solvents, plant metabolites, and COVID-19: Challenges and perspectives
Authors: Jablonský Michal , Kreps František , Ház Aleš , Šima Jozef , Jablonský Jozef
Published: August 2021

Acquisition and isolation of value-added substances from natural sources using new types of green solvents are becoming a breakthrough area of 21st century research. In combination with various extraction techniques, there is expected to be a diversification of the use of these solvents for extraction, separation, and the formation of new drug carriers, allowing increased solubility of substances having potential pharmacological properties. Extraction, separation, or increase in the solubility of suitable drug candidates against COVID-19, or other viral diseases, opens new ways to effectively prevent and protect human health in this pandemic period.
La guerra en la sierra central y la independencia controlada en Lima
Authors: Montoya Rivas Gustavo , Delgado Nery De Vita Yizza
Published: August 2021

Este artículo se ocupa de representar las circunstancias ideológicas, políticas y militares del inicio de la guerra por la independencia en la sierra central, con el énfasis puesto en la participación de actores sociales rurales. Y, de otro lado, presenta el proceso político en Lima durante el Protectorado y los desafíos que hubo de enfrentar antes de su caída en septiembre de 1822. También se propone establecer los diferentes matices con que se desarrolló la guerra en ambos escenarios.
Desarrollo empresarial público de derecho privado en el sector del mantenimiento aeronáutico en la Marina de Guerra del Perú
Authors: Angulo Rebaza Cesar Adolfo
Published: August 2021

La investigación sustenta metodológicamente que es posible desarrollar la industria de mantenimiento aeronáutico en la Marina de Guerra del Perú (MGP) mediante un emprendimiento novedoso en el ámbito de la gestión empresarial al interior de la MGP, es decir, con el diseño de una empresa pública de derecho privado (EPDP), que permita el crecimiento del sector aeronáutico dentro de un marco legal que coadyuve a alcanzar un equilibrio entre eficiencia y eficacia. En el análisis de la situación actual del mantenimiento aeronáutico en la MGP se identificó que no se están aprovechando potencialidades en recursos humanos y materiales certificados (capability). Por ello, la aplicación de teorías administrativas permitirá optimizar el proceso de gestión, lo que generará mayor competitividad y rentabilidad. Se empleó el método descriptivo correlacional a través de la aplicación de encuestas, cuyos resultados validaron la propuesta, así como su viabilidad como órgano descentralizado y especializado del SIMA-Perú. Este escenario contribuiría a satisfacer las necesidades aeronavales de la MGP en las prácticas de gestión de mantenimiento, cultura organizacional, capability del TMA, rentabilidad, agilidad comercial, aseguramiento de la calidad y tecnología, las cuales guardan una relación significativa con el desempeño operacional, para de este modo impactar también en el crecimiento de la tecnología aeronáutica del país.
Sistema de planificación de recursos empresariales (ERP) y su influencia en los procesos de negocio de empresas distribuidoras de productos de consumo masivo en Lima Metropolitana en el 2019
Authors: Govea Souza Jose Antonio
Published: August 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar si el sistema planificador de recursos empresariales (ERP) tuvo influencia en los procesos de negocio de determinadas empresas distribuidoras de productos de consumo masivo en Lima Metropolitana en el 2019. La investigación fue de enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental, transversal y de tipo correlacional. La muestra consistió en 147 colaboradores y la técnica e instrumento utilizados fueron la encuesta y cuestionario; además se usó el test de Spearman para evaluar la correlación. Como resultado se obtuvo que existe una correlación significativa directa débil entre el sistema planificador de recursos empresariales y los procesos vinculados al negocio.
Máquinas de previsão e controle e a crise do possível
Authors: Albuquerque Alana Soares
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho, fruto de uma discussão realizada em uma tese de doutorado, analisa como que o possível, categoria temporal pertencente ao futuro, vem sendo cada vez mais capturado por mecanismos de poder específicos da chamada sociedade de controle. O campo dos possíveis vem sendo circunscrito hoje em dia não só por visões homogeneizantes de futuro que predominam no imaginário (como o futuro tecnológico da ficção científica), como também por mecanismos de controle cada vez mais refinados que preveem e induzem nosso próximo passo, empobrecendo nossa capacidade de escolha, nossa imaginação e nossas subjetividades. Esse ensaio analisa essas diferentes formas de sequestro dos possíveis, passando pelo maquinário das ciências modernas e pela especulação financeira, até chegar nas informações hoje armazenadas no big data, esse fluxo de dados alimentado pelos algoritmos que controlam e preveem nossas próximas escolhas. O trabalho questiona, ao final, que outros tipos de especulação poderiam, ao contrário de fechar o campo de possíveis, expandi-lo e intensifica-lo, mantendo-se abertos à diferença, à incerteza e às contingências.
As engrenagens do novo populismo
Authors: Jung João Henrique Salles
Published: August 2021

Giuliano da Empoli é um jornalista e pensador francês que passou boa parte de sua vida na Itália. Formado em Direito pela Sapienza Università di Roma, com posterior mestrado em Ciência Política pela Sciences Po (Paris). O autor intersecciona os universos intelectual e político através de sua atuação enquanto CEO do think tank Volta, sediado em Milão. Giuliano ainda ocupou os cargos de Secretário da Cultura de Florença e de Conselheiro Político de Matteo Renzi, Ex-Primeiro Ministro italiano.
Nem naturais, nem artificiais
Authors: Di Felice Massimo , Surrenti Silvia
Published: August 2021

O artigo objetiva apresentar a qualidade transubstanciativa do processo de datificação a partir da descrição das interações relacionadas em um ecossistema conectado. A partir da análise da qualidade das interações do ecossistema conectado Array of things (AoT) , aqui chamado de “info-ecologia”, investigou-se as dimensões conectivas e interdependentes destas complexas redes de relações que se desenvolvem através do processo de datificação, constituindo um novo tipo de comum não apenas delimitado aos humanos. A partir da análise destas interações informatizadas, o artigo apresenta algumas interpretações sobre essas novas formas de conexões.
Correndo para não perder nada
Authors: Sibilia Paula , Galindo Manuela  Arruda
Published: August 2021

Este artigo analisa alguns fenômenos que fazem parte dos processos de “digitalização da vida” e são sintomáticos de mudanças nos modos de vivenciar a temporalidade. Entre eles, o hábito de maratonar produtos audiovisuais em plataformas de streaming; o uso de programas que permitem acelerar o consumo de vídeos e áudios; e a oferta de “conteúdos desacelerados” para recalibrar o bem-estar de forma eficaz e produtiva. Em todas essas práticas detecta-se certa ansiedade nos modos de lidar com o tempo, decorrente do conflito entre o estímulo para consumir ilimitadamente e a frustração pela persistência das limitações, sobretudo temporais. Trata-se de uma reflexão ensaística com base na perspectiva genealógica, que se debruça sobre um conjunto de reportagens midiáticas dedicadas ao assunto em foco, buscando identificar — nesses indícios — certas transformações nos regimes de saber e poder, na passagem da era moderna para a contemporânea.
No desligar das câmeras
Authors: Máximo Maria Elisa
Published: August 2021

Este artigo apresenta os movimentos iniciais de uma pesquisa etnográfica realizada com estudantes de ensino superior sobre suas experiências com o ensino remoto em 2020. Após a suspensão das atividades resenciais na pandemia, professores e estudantes se viram imersos em desafios decorrentes de um afrouxamento dos vínculos que sustentam a relação ensino-aprendizagem. Busca-se compreender como estudantes percebem e significam suas experiências com o ensino remoto, considerando-se as condições materiais para tanto e a rede de atores e agências que passam a determinar essas experiências no espaço doméstico. Assim, este estudo se volta para a dimensão vivencial das tecnologias digitais, considerando-se sua ubiquidade na vida contemporânea. Pretende-se, por fim, contribuir para a concepção de projetos educacionais que transcendam a instrumentalização tecnológica e se alinhem às gramáticas interativas mais significativas das socialidades contemporâneas, marcadas pela pervasividade das tecnologias digitais.
Digitalização e dataficação da vida
Authors: Segata Jean , Rifiotis Theophilos
Published: August 2021

A digitalização e a dataficação são faces de um amplo e pervasivo processo de modelagem que reduz a complexidade e a contingência da vida a códigos e dados. O conjunto de trabalhos que aqui reunimos analisam a sua emergência contemporânea e apontam para agendas de pesquisa que exaltam a sua crítica na pesquisa social.