bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural history and management of Fanconi anemia patients with head and neck cancer: A 10‐year follow‐up
Authors: Kutler David I. , Patel Krupa R. , Auerbach Arleen D. , Kennedy Jennifer , Lach Francis P. , Sanborn Erica , Cohen Marc A. , Kuhel William I. , Smogorzewska Agata
Published: October 2015

Objectives/Hypothesis

To describe the management and outcomes of Fanconi anemia (FA) patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Study Design

Cohort study.

Methods

Demographic information, prognostic factors, therapeutic management, and survival outcomes for FA patients enrolled in the International Fanconi Anemia Registry who developed head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) were analyzed.

Results

Thirty‐five FA patients were diagnosed with HNSCC at a mean age of 32 years. The most common site of primary cancer was the oral cavity (26 of 35, 74%). Thirty patients underwent surgical resection of the cancer. Sixteen patients received radiation therapy with an average radiation dose of 5,050 cGy. The most common toxicities were high‐grade mucositis (9 of 16, 56%), hematologic abnormalities (8 of 16, 50%), and dysphagia (8 of 16, 50%). Three patients received conventional chemotherapy and had significant complications, whereas three patients who received targeted chemotherapy with cetuximab had fewer toxicities. The 5‐year overall survival rate was 39%, with a cause‐specific survival rate of 47%.

Conclusions

Fanconi anemia patients have a high risk of developing aggressive HNSCC at an early age. Fanconi anemia patients can tolerate complex ablative and reconstructive surgeries, but careful postoperative care is required to reduce morbidity. The treatment of FA‐associated HNSCC is difficult secondary to the poor tolerance of radiation and chemotherapy. However, radiation should be used for high‐risk cancers due to the poor survival in these patients.

Level of Evidence

4. Laryngoscope, 126:870–879, 2016
Polymerization Mechanism in the Presence of 1,1‐Diphenylethylene Part 2: Synthesis and Characterization of PMA and PSt
Authors: Zhao Minjian , Fu Zhifeng , Shi Yan , Yang Wantai
Published: October 2015

The polymerization of methyl acrylate and styrene in the presence of 1,1‐diphenylethylene (DPE) is investigated to monitor the impact of different monomers on the structure of DPE‐containing polymers. Poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) and polystyrene (PSt) with low molecular weight are synthesized and characterized. According to the results of the 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) spectroscopy, DPE is incorporated into PMA and PSt polymer chains as diphenyl‐substituted structure. The resulting PMA polymers containing only one DPE unit show good agreement with the mass spectrometry results obtained by electrospray‐ionization quadrupolar time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. The gel permeation chromatography results of PSt polymers are consistent with the molecular weight obtained by 1H‐NMR, indicating that each PSt polymer chain has only one DPE molecule.

image
Characterizing blood–brain barrier perturbations after exposure to human triglyceride‐rich lipoprotein lipolysis products using MRI in a rat model
Authors: Ng Kit Fai , Anderson Steve , Mayo Patrice , Aung Hnin Hnin , Walton Jeffrey H. , Rutledge John C.
Published: October 2015

Purpose

Previous studies indicated hyperlipidemia may be a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, but the contributions of postprandial triglyceride‐rich lipoprotein (TGRL) are not known. In this study, changes in blood–brain barrier diffusional transport following exposure to human TGRL lipolysis products were studied using MRI in a rat model.

Methods

Male Sprague‐Dawley rats (∼180–250 g) received an i.v. injection of lipoprotein lipase (LpL)‐hydrolyzed TGRL (n = 8, plasma concentration ≈ 150 mg human TGRL/dL). Controls received i.v. injection of either saline (n = 6) or LpL only (n = 6). The 1H longitudinal relaxation rate R1 = 1/T1 was measured over 18 min using a rapid‐acquired refocus‐echo (RARE) sequence after each of three injections of the contrast agent Gd‐DTPA. Patlak plots were generated for each pixel yielding blood‐to‐brain transfer coefficients, Ki, chosen for best fit to impermeable, uni‐directional influx or bi‐directional flux models using the F‐test.

Results

Analysis from a 2‐mm slice, 2‐mm rostral to the bregma showed a 275% increase of mean Ki during the first 20 min after infusion of human TGRL lipolysis product that differed significantly compared with saline and LpL controls. This difference disappeared by 40 min mark.

Conclusion

These results suggest human TGRL lipolysis products can lead to a transient increase in rat BBB permeability. Magn Reson Med 76:1246–1251, 2016. © 2015 The Authors. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
Alemtuzumab, Fludarabine, Low‐Dose TBI, and Double Umbilical Cord Transplant for Primary Graft Failure in a Patient with Recurrent HLH
Authors: Hege Kerry , Quigg Troy , Delgado David
Published: October 2015

Graft failure occurs at relatively low frequency, but commonly in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), especially with umbilical cord blood transplant (UCBT). No standard approaches to management of graft failure exist. We present a challenging case of relapsed HLH following first UCBT with primary graft failure following second UCBT. We report a novel reduced intensity conditioning regimen of alemtuzumab, 4 Gy total body irradiation and fludarabine for salvage of primary graft failure followed by double UCBT. The reported patient successfully engrafted with 100% donor chimerism following salvage UCBT with no occurrence of acute or chronic graft‐versus‐host disease.
A Cytokine‐Based Diagnostic Program in Pediatric Aplastic Anemia and Hypocellular Refractory Cytopenia of Childhood
Authors: Elmahdi Shaimaa , Hama Asahito , Manabe Atsushi , Hasegawa Daisuke , Muramatsu Hideki , Narita Atsushi , Nishio Nobuhiru , Ismael Olfat , Kawashima Nozomu , Okuno Yusuke , Xu Yinyan , Wang Xinan , Takahashi Yoshiyuki , Ito Masafumi , Kojima Seiji
Published: October 2015

Background

Distinguishing hypocellular refractory cytopenia of childhood (RCC) from aplastic anemia (AA) is challenging. Thus far, no studies have compared the cytokine profiles in patients with AA to those with hypocellular RCC. In the present study, we addressed whether thrombopoietin (TPO) and interleukin 17 (IL‐17) plasma levels are useful for differentiating between the two diseases.

Methods

We measured the endogenous plasma concentrations of TPO and IL‐17 in 29 patients with AA, 34 patients with hypocellular RCC, and 31 healthy controls using sensitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays.

Results

The TPO and IL‐17 plasma levels were significantly lower in patients with hypocellular RCC than in patients with AA (P < 0.001 and P = 0.007, respectively). The multivariate logistic regression analysis identified moderate disease severity, TPO levels of <1,369.8 pg/ml (TPO‐low group, n = 32; odds ratio (OR), 13.40; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 3.001–51.254; P < 0.001), and IL‐17 levels of <22.2 pg/ml (IL‐17‐low group, n = 33; OR, 4.11; 95% CI, 1.033—19.404; P = 0.031) as independent factors discriminating hypocellular RCC from AA. Importantly, 25 (78.1%) of 32 patients in the TPO‐low group and 25 (75.8%) of 33 patients in the IL‐17‐low group were diagnosed as having hypocellular RCC. Moreover, 22 (71%) of 31 patients in the TPO‐high group and 21 (70%) of 30 patients in the IL‐17‐high group were diagnosed as having AA.

Conclusions

TPO and IL‐17 levels are useful for differentiating hypocellular RCC from AA. Prospective studies are required to confirm our findings.
Back Cover: Charge correlations in cobaltates La2–xSrx CoO4 (Phys. Status Solidi RRL 10/2015)
Authors: Guo H. , Schmidt W. , Tjeng L. H. , Komarek A. C.
Published: October 2015

No abstract is available for this article.
A secure, service priority‐based incentive scheme for delay tolerant networks
Authors: Xie Yongming , Zhang Yan
Published: October 2015

Delay tolerant networks are resource‐constrained networks, where nodes are required to cooperate with each other to relay messages (bundles) in a store‐carry‐forward fashion. Because of the constrained resources, some selfish nodes are reluctant to relay bundles for other nodes in order to save their own resources. Previous studies focus on one kind of credit‐based incentive schemes in which a source pays credits (virtual coins) to intermediates to compensate for their resources consumption. Although these schemes can restrain selfish behaviors to a certain extent, they may cause an undesirable effect on some honest nodes, especially on boundary nodes and inactive nodes. To mitigate this issue, first we propose a service priority‐based incentive scheme (SIS) where a relaying (viewed as a service) priority, instead of credits, is used as an incentive metric to stimulate nodes to fairly cooperate. In the SIS, a node which relayed more bundles is granted a higher service priority, and it will obtain a higher bundle delivery ratio correspondingly. Then, to deal with the potential attacks against the SIS, we also present three security solutions including the signature chain, cooperation frequency statistics, and combination clearance. We evaluate the proposed scheme on the opportunistic network environment simulator. The extensive results show that the SIS is able to improve the bundle delivery ratio of honest nodes and efficiently inhibits the selfish behaviors in comparison with credit‐based incentive schemes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Practising what we preach: using cognitive load theory for workshop design and evaluation
Authors: Naismith Laura M. , Haji Faizal A. , Sibbald Matthew , Cheung Jeffrey J. H. , Tavares Walter , Cavalcanti Rodrigo B.
Published: October 2015

Theory-based instructional design is a top priority in medical education. The goal of this Show and Tell article is to present our theory-driven approach to the design of instruction for clinical educators. We adopted cognitive load theory as a framework to design and evaluate a series of professional development workshops that were delivered at local, national and international academic conferences in 2014. We used two rating scales to measure participantsʼ cognitive load. Participants also provided narrative comments as to how the workshops could be improved. Cognitive load ratings from 59 participants suggested that the workshop design optimized learning by managing complexity for different levels of learners (intrinsic load), stimulating cognitive processing for long-term memory storage (germane load), and minimizing irrelevant distracters (extraneous load). Narrative comments could also be classified as representing intrinsic, extraneous, or germane load, which provided specific directions for ongoing quality improvement. These results demonstrate that a cognitive load theory approach to workshop design and evaluation is feasible and useful in the context of medical education.
Dissecting the role of Engrailed in adult dopaminergic neurons – Insights into Parkinson disease pathogenesis
Authors: Rekaik Hocine , Blaudin de Thé François-Xavier , Prochiantz Alain , Fuchs Julia , Joshi Rajiv L.
Published: October 2015

The homeoprotein Engrailed (Engrailed‐1/Engrailed‐2, collectively En1/2) is not only a survival factor for mesencephalic dopaminergic (mDA) neurons during development, but continues to exert neuroprotective and physiological functions in adult mDA neurons. Loss of one En1 allele in the mouse leads to progressive demise of mDA neurons in the ventral midbrain starting from 6 weeks of age. These mice also develop Parkinson disease‐like motor and non‐motor symptoms. The characterization of En1 heterozygous mice have revealed striking parallels to central mechanisms of Parkinson disease pathogenesis, mainly related to mitochondrial dysfunction and retrograde degeneration. Thanks to the ability of homeoproteins to transduce cells, En1/2 proteins have also been used to protect mDA neurons in various experimental models of Parkinson disease. This neuroprotection is partly linked to the ability of En1/2 to regulate the translation of certain nuclear‐encoded mitochondrial mRNAs for complex I subunits. Other transcription factors that govern mDA neuron development (e.g. Foxa1/2, Lmx1a/b, Nurr1, Otx2, Pitx3) also continue to function for the survival and maintenance of mDA neurons in the adult and act through partially overlapping but also diverse mechanisms.
Use of molecular markers to determine postremission treatment in acute myeloid leukemia with normal cytogenetics
Authors: Copelan Edward A , Grunwald Michael R , Druhan Lawrence J , Avalos Belinda R
Published: October 2015

Most patients with acute myeloid leukemia can be induced into complete remission, but postremission treatment is required for cure. The choice of postremission therapy in a majority of nonelderly patients, between intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, is largely determined by the results of conventional cytogenetic analysis. In 45% of patients with a normal karyotype, the presence or absence of specific molecular mutations should be used to determine the prognosis and postremission treatment. In addition, the identification of mutations may indicate a role for targeted intervention, including following transplantation.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the epidemiology and burden of venous thromboembolism among pregnant women
Authors: Kourlaba Georgia , Relakis John , Kontodimas Stathis , Holm Majbrit V. , Maniadakis Nikos
Published: October 2015

Background

Pregnancy‐related venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality.

Objectives

To review the epidemiology, and humanistic and economic burden of pregnancy‐related VTE.

Search strategy

Medline, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Econlit, Science Direct, JSTOR, Oxford Journals, and Cambridge Journals were searched for reports published between January 2000 and December 2012. Keywords related to VTE, pregnancy, and epidemiology and the humanistic and economic burdens were combined.

Selection criteria

Eligible studies evaluated the incidence, mortality, recurrence, complications, quality‐of‐life, and economic burden of VTE among pregnant women, and had been published in English.

Data collection and analysis

Background information of the study, participants’ characteristics, and study outcomes were collected. Meta‐analyses of data were performed.

Main results

Twenty studies were included, none of which investigated the economic burden. The pooled overall incidence of pregnancy‐related VTE was 1.2 per 1000 deliveries. The pooled VTE case fatality rate was 0.68% and the recurrence rate was 4.27%. The pooled risk of major bleeding was 1.05%. Post‐thrombotic syndrome seemed to have a negative effect on quality of life.

Conclusions

Although the incidence of VTE was found to be relatively low during pregnancy and the postpartum period, the clinical burden is high. Further research is required to assess the economic burden of pregnancy‐relate VTE.
Osteotomía de acortamiento del hueso grande en la enfermedad de Kienböck asociada a varianza ulnar positiva o neutra
Authors: Hernández J.C. , Pascual M.C. , Gómez J.C.
Published: October 2015

Objetivos: La enfermedad de Kienböck se asocia generalmente a cubitus minus y la descompresión quirúrgica más común es a nivel radial. El objetivo es conocer los efectos de realizarla en el hueso grande cuando se encuentra asociada a varianza cubital normal o positiva.

Material y métodos: Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo de los resultados de la osteotomía de acortamiento del hueso grande en la enfermedad de Kienböck sin cubitus minus. Hemos revisado a 6 pacientes, intervenidos entre 2006 y 2013 en el Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (Madrid). El seguimiento medio fue 36 meses (12-93). Se registraron: escala de valoración del dolor (EVA), rango de movimiento de la muñeca, fuerza de prensión palmary de la pinza, valoración funcional (DASH, Mayo Score), así como estudio radiológico y con RM.

Resultados: Se obtuvo una mejoría clínica y funcional de los parámetros estudiados, pero no de los radiológicos. En un caso la enfermedad evolucionó y el resto mantuvo los estadios radiológico (Lichtman) iniciales, consiguiendo la consolidación de la osteotomía en todos los casos. No se apreciaron complicaciones destacables.

Conclusión: La osteotomía de acortamiento del hueso grande es una técnica que oferta buenos y duraderos resultados en pacientes con enfermedad de Kienböck sin cubitus minus ni cambios degenerativos carpianos.
Uncovering productive morphosyntax in French-learning toddlers: a multidimensional methodology perspective
Authors: BARRIÈRE ISABELLE , GOYET LOUISE , KRESH SARAH , LEGENDRE GÉRALDINE , NAZZI THIERRY
Published: October 2015

The present study applies a multidimensional methodological approach to the study of the acquisition of morphosyntax. It focuses on evaluating the degree of productivity of an infrequent subject–verb agreement pattern in the early acquisition of French and considers the explanatory role played by factors such as input frequency, semantic transparency of the agreement markers, and perceptual factors in accounting for comprehension of agreement in number (singular vs. plural) in an experimental setting. Results on a pointing task involving pseudo-verbs demonstrate significant comprehension of both singular and plural agreement in children aged 2;6. The experimental results are shown not to reflect input frequency, input marker reliability on its own, or lexically driven knowledge. We conclude that toddlers have knowledge of subject–verb agreement at age 2;6 which is abstract and productive despite its paucity in the input.
Hospital Nurses’ Competencies in Disaster Situations: A Qualitative Study in the South of Brazil
Authors: Marin Sandra M. , Witt Regina R.
Published: October 2015

Introduction

Hospital nurses play a key role in the aftermath of the occurrence of disasters and need specific competencies to work in these situations. From a global perspective, few models exist that focus on disaster nursing.

Problem

This study aimed to identify hospital nurses’ competencies in disaster situations.

Method

A qualitative, descriptive, exploratory study was developed using focus groups as a method of data collection. Three meetings were held from June through September 2012 with nurses who worked at a hospital used as reference for disaster situations in the South of Brazil. Thematic analysis of collected data generated the competencies. For statement standardization, a format consistent with a verb, a noun, and a complement was adopted.

Results

The group validated 17 competencies, which were organized according to the phases of emergency management described by the World Health Organization (WHO) and classified in domain areas of management, health care, communication, and education.

Conclusions

The competencies identified in this study can contribute to the education and practice of nurses in the hospital ambience, strengthening its capacity to face disaster situations.

MarinSM,WittRR.Hospital nurses’ competencies in disaster situations: a qualitative study in the South of Brazil.Prehosp Disaster Med.2015;30(6):548–552.
Mapping Arabic WordNet synsets to Wikipedia articles using monolingual and bilingual features
Authors: SAIF ABDULGABBAR , AB AZIZ MOHD JUZAIDDIN , OMAR NAZLIA
Published: October 2015

The alignment of WordNet and Wikipedia has received wide attention from researchers of computational linguistics, who are building a new lexical knowledge source or enriching the semantic information of WordNet entities. The main challenge of this alignment is how to handle the synonymy and ambiguity issues in the contents of two units from different sources. Therefore, this paper introduces mapping method that links an Arabic WordNet synset to its corresponding article in Wikipedia. This method uses monolingual and bilingual features to overcome the lack of semantic information in Arabic WordNet. For evaluating this method, an Arabic mapping data set, which contains 1,291 synset–article pairs, is compiled. The experimental analysis shows that the proposed method achieves promising results and outperforms the state-of-the-art methods that depend only on monolingual features. The mapped method has also been used to increase the coverage of Arabic WordNet by inserting new synsets from Wikipedia.
Reducing discretionary food and beverage intake in early childhood: a systematic review within an ecological framework
Authors: Johnson Brittany J , Hendrie Gilly A , Golley Rebecca K
Published: October 2015

Objective

To systematically review the literature and map published studies on 4–8-year-olds’ intake of discretionary choices against an ecological framework (ANalysis Grid for Environments Linked to Obesity; ANGELO).

Design

Articles were identified through database searches (PubMed, PyscINFO®, Web of Science) in February and March 2014 and hand-searching reference lists. Studies were assessed for methodological quality and mapped against the ANGELO framework by environment size (macro and micro setting) and type (physical, economic, policy and socio-cultural influences).

Setting

Studies were conducted in the USA (n18), Australia (n6), the UK (n3), the Netherlands (n3), Belgium (n1), Germany (n1) and Turkey (n1).

Subjects

Children aged 4–8 years, or parents/other caregivers.

Results

Thirty-three studies met the review criteria (observationaln23, interventionsn10). Home was the most frequently studied setting (67 % of exposures/strategies), with the majority of these studies targeting family policy-type influences (e.g. child feeding practices, television regulation). Few studies were undertaken in government (5·5 %) or community (11 %) settings, or examined economic-type influences (0 %). Of the intervention studies only four were categorised as effective.

Conclusions

The present review is novel in its focus on mapping observational and intervention studies across a range of settings. It highlights the urgent need for high-quality research to inform interventions that directly tackle the factors influencing children’s excess intake of discretionary choices. Interventions that assist in optimising a range of environmental influences will enhance the impact of future public health interventions to improve child diet quality.
Atomic cobalt on nitrogen-doped graphene for hydrogen generation
Authors: Fei Huilong , Dong Juncai , Arellano-Jiménez M. Josefina , Ye Gonglan , Dong Kim Nam , Samuel Errol L.G. , Peng Zhiwei , Zhu Zhuan , Qin Fan , Bao Jiming , Yacaman Miguel Jose , Ajayan Pulickel M. , Chen Dongliang , Tour James M.
Published: October 2015

Reduction of water to hydrogen through electrocatalysis holds great promise for clean energy, but its large-scale application relies on the development of inexpensive and efficient catalysts to replace precious platinum catalysts. Here we report an electrocatalyst for hydrogen generation based on very small amounts of cobalt dispersed as individual atoms on nitrogen-doped graphene. This catalyst is robust and highly active in aqueous media with very low overpotentials (30 mV). A variety of analytical techniques and electrochemical measurements suggest that the catalytically active sites are associated with the metal centres coordinated to nitrogen. This unusual atomic constitution of supported metals is suggestive of a new approach to preparing extremely efficient single-atom catalysts.
The Gordon Research Conference on Parkinson’s disease: just what the doctor ordered
Authors: Vernaleo Beth A
Published: October 2015

The period from June 28 to July 2, 2015 marked the inaugural Gordon Research Conference (GRC) on Parkinson’s Disease held at Colby Sawyer College in New London, NH, USA. There were 184 attendees from 19 countries, indicating a clear interest and need for this type of meeting in the field of Parkinson’s disease. The meeting, chaired by David Sulzer and co-chaired by Andrew Singleton, invited 33 speakers to cover eight topics on Parkinson’s disease. Fifty posters were presented, and of these, eight innovative posters were invited to give short talks at the end of each session. Discussion Leaders at the beginning of each session ensured that there was cohesion to the themes being discussed, providing a running dialog throughout the meeting. The general consensus was that the first GRC on Parkinson’s Disease filled an important need within the research community, and that there is great excitement and interest for the 2017 GRC on Parkinson’s Disease.
Brain activation underlying turning in Parkinson’s disease patients with and without freezing of gait: a virtual reality fMRI study
Authors: Gilat Moran , Shine James M , Walton Courtney C , O’Callaghan Claire , Hall Julie M , Lewis Simon J G
Published: October 2015

Background:

Freezing of gait is a debilitating symptom affecting many patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), causing severe immobility and decreased quality of life. Turning is known to be the most common trigger for freezing and also causes the highest rates of falls. However, the pathophysiological basis for these effects is not well understood.

Methods:

This study used a virtual reality paradigm in combination with functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the neural correlates underlying turning in 17 PD patients with freezing of gait (FOG) and 10 PD patients without FOG while off their dopaminergic medication. Participants used foot pedals to navigate a virtual environment, which allowed for blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) responses and footstep latencies to be compared between periods of straight “walking” and periods of turning through 90°. BOLD data were then analyzed using a mixed effects analysis.

Results:

Within group similarities revealed that overall, PD patients with freezing relied heavily on cortical control to enable effective stepping with increased visual cortex activation during turning. Between groups differences showed that when turning, patients with freezing preferentially activated inferior frontal regions that have been implicated in the recruitment of a putative stopping network. In addition, freezers failed to activate premotor and superior parietal cortices. Finally, increased task-based functional connectivity was found in subcortical regions associated with gait and stopping within the freezers group during turning.

Conclusions:

These findings suggest that an increased propensity towards stopping in combination with reduced sensorimotor integration may underlie the neurobiology of freezing of gait during turning.
One-step resonant controlled-phase gate on distant transmon qutrits in different 1D superconducting resonators
Authors: Hua Ming , Tao Ming-Jie , Deng Fu-Guo , Lu Long Gui
Published: October 2015

We propose a scheme to construct the controlled-phase (c-phase) gate on distant transmon qutrits hosted in different resonators inter-coupled by a connected transmon qutrit. Different from previous works for entanglement generation and information transfer on two distant qubits in a dispersive regime in the similar systems, our gate is constructed in the resonant regime with one step. The numerical simulation shows that the fidelity of our c-phase gate is 99.5% within 86.3 ns. As an interesting application of our c-phase gate, we propose an effective scheme to complete a conventional square lattice of two-dimensional surface code layout for fault-tolerant quantum computing on the distant transmon qutrits. The four-step coupling between the nearest distant transmon qutrits, small coupling strengths of the distant transmon qutrits and the non-population on the connection transmon qutrit can reduce the interactions among different parts of the layout effectively, which makes the layout be integrated with a large scale in an easier way.
Ferroelectricity in underdoped La-based cuprates
Authors: Viskadourakis Z. , Sunku S. S. , Mukherjee S. , Andersen B. M. , Ito T. , Sasagawa T. , Panagopoulos C.
Published: October 2015

Doping a “parent” antiferromagnetic Mott insulator in cuprates leads to short-range electronic correlations and eventually to high-Tc superconductivity. However, the nature of charge correlations in the lightly doped cuprates remains unclear. Understanding the intermediate electronic phase in the phase diagram (between the parent insulator and the high-Tc superconductor) is expected to elucidate the complexity both inside and outside the superconducting dome and in particular in the underdoped region. One such phase is ferroelectricity whose origin and relation to the properties of high-Tc superconductors is subject of current research. Here we demonstrate that ferroelectricity and the associated magnetoelectric coupling are in fact common in La-214 cuprates namely, La2-xSrxCuO4, La2LixCu1-xO4 and La2CuO4+x. It is proposed that ferroelectricity may result from local CuO6 octahedral distortions, associated with the dopant atoms and clustering of the doped charge carriers, which break spatial inversion symmetry at the local scale whereas magnetoelectric coupling can be tuned through Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.
Computational evidence that fast translation speed can increase the probability of cotranslational protein folding
Authors: Wang Ercheng , Wang Jun , Chen Changjun , Xiao Yi
Published: October 2015

Translation speed can affect the cotranslational folding of nascent peptide. Experimental observations have indicated that slowing down translation rates of codons can increase the probability of protein cotranslational folding. Recently, a kinetic modeling indicates that fast translation can also increase the probability of cotranslational protein folding by avoiding misfolded intermediates. We show that the villin headpiece subdomain HP35 is an ideal model to demonstrate this phenomenon. We studied cotranslational folding of HP35 with different fast translation speeds by all-atom molecular dynamics simulations and found that HP35 can fold along a well-defined pathway that passes the on-pathway intermediate but avoids the misfolded off-pathway intermediate in certain case. This greatly increases the probability of HP35 cotranslational folding and the approximate mean first passage time of folding into native state is about 1.67μs. Since we also considered the space-confined effect of the ribosomal exit tunnel on the cotranslational folding, our simulation results suggested alternative mechanism for the increasing of cotranslational folding probability by fast translation speed.
Luminescent Iridium(III) Complexes Supported by N-Heterocyclic Carbene-based C^C^C-Pincer Ligands and Aromatic Diimines
Authors: Chung Lai-Hon , Lo Hoi-Shing , Ng Sze-Wing , Ma Dik-Lung , Leung Chung-Hang , Wong Chun-Yuen
Published: October 2015

Iridium(III) hydrido complexes containing N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based pincer ligand 1,3-bis(1-butylimidazolin-2-ylidene)phenyl anion (C1^C^C1) or 1,3-bis(3-butylbenzimidazolin-2-ylidene)phenyl anion (C2^C^C2) and aromatic diimine (2,2′-bipyridine (bpy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine (Me2bpy), or dipyrido-[3,2-f:2′,3′-h]-quinoxaline (dpq)) in the form of [Ir(C^C^C)(N^N)(H)]+ have been prepared. Crystal structures for these complexes show that the Ir–CNHC distances are 2.043(5)–2.056(5) Å. The hydride chemical shifts for complexes bearing C1^C^C1 (−20.6 to −20.3 ppm) are more upfield than those with C2^C^C2 (−19.5 and −19.2 ppm), revealing that C1^C^C1 is a better electron donor than C2^C^C2. Spectroscopic comparisons and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations suggest that the lowest-energy electronic transition associated with these complexes (λ = 340–530 nm (ε ≤ 103 dm3 mol−1 cm−1)) originate from a dπ(IrIII) → π*(N^N) metal-to-ligand charge transfer transition, where the dπ(IrIII) level contain significant contribution from the C^C^C ligands. All these complexes are emissive in the yellow-spectral region (553–604 nm in CH3CN and CH2Cl2) upon photo-excitation with quantum yields of 10−3–10−1.
Heavy metal removal from MSWI fly ash by electrokinetic remediation coupled with a permeable activated charcoal reactive barrier
Authors: Huang Tao , Li Dongwei , Kexiang Liu , Zhang Yuewei
Published: October 2015

This paper presents the investigations into the feasibility of the application of a remediation system that couples electrokinetic remediation (EKR) with the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) concept for municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash with activated charcoal as the PRB material. The experimental results of this study showed that the proposed combined method can effectively improve the remediation efficiency and that the addition of the oxalic acid to the PRB media before the coupled system can further enhance the remediation process. In the optimization tests, the maximum removals of Zn, Pb, Cu and Cd were achieved under different experimental conditions. The voltage gradient and processing time were shown to have significant effects on the removal of Cu and Cd, whereas the addition of the oxalic acid had a more significant influence on the removal of Pb. Generally, the processing time is the most significant factor in changing the removal rates of HMs in the enhanced coupled system. In terms of the leaching toxicity, the specimen remediated by ENEKR + PRB showed the lowest leaching value for each HM in the S2 and S3 regions.
GABAergic neurons of the medial septum play a nodal role in facilitation of nociception-induced affect
Authors: Ang Seok Ting , Lee Andy Thiam Huat , Foo Fang Chee , Ng Lynn , Low Chian-Ming , Khanna Sanjay
Published: October 2015

The present study explored the functional details of the influence of medial septal region (MSDB) on spectrum of nociceptive behaviours by manipulating intraseptal GABAergic mechanisms. Results showed that formalin-induced acute nociception was not affected by intraseptal microinjection of bicuculline, a GABAA receptor antagonist, or on selective lesion of septal GABAergic neurons. Indeed, the acute nociceptive responses were dissociated from the regulation of sensorimotor behaviour and generation of theta-rhythm by the GABAergic mechanisms in MSDB. The GABAergic lesion attenuated formalin-induced unconditioned cellular response in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and blocked formalin-induced conditioned place avoidance (F-CPA) and as well as the contextual fear induced on conditioning with brief footshock. The effects of lesion on nociceptive-conditioned cellular responses were, however, variable. Interestingly, the lesion attenuated the conditioned representation of experimental context in dorsal hippocampus field CA1 in the F-CPA task. Collectively, the preceding suggests that the MSDB is a nodal centre wherein the GABAergic neurons mediate nociceptive affect-motivation by regulating cellular mechanisms in ACC that confer an aversive value to the noxious stimulus. Further, in conjunction with a modulatory influence on hippocampal contextual processing, MSDB may integrate affect with context as part of associative learning in the F-CPA task.
Kinetic surface roughening and wafer bow control in heteroepitaxial growth of 3C-SiC on Si(111) substrates
Authors: Wang Li , Walker Glenn , Chai Jessica , Iacopi Alan , Fernandes Alanna , Dimitrijev Sima
Published: October 2015

A thin, chemically inert 3C-SiC layer between GaN and Si helps not only to avoid the “melt-back” effect, but also to inhibit the crack generation in the grown GaN layers. The quality of GaN layer is heavily dependent on the unique properties of the available 3C-SiC/Si templates. In this paper, the parameters influencing the roughness, crystalline quality and wafer bow are investigated and engineered to obtain high quality, low roughness 3C-SiC/Si templates suitable for subsequent GaN growth and device processing. Kinetic surface roughening and SiC growth mechanisms, which depend on both deposition temperature and off-cut angle, are reported for heteroepitaxial growth of 3C-SiC on Si substrates. The narrower terrace width on 4° off-axis Si enhances the step-flow growth at 1200 °C, with the roughness of 3C-SiC remaining constant with increasing thickness, corresponding to a scaling exponent of zero. Crack-free 3C-SiC grown on 150-mm Si substrate with a wafer bow of less than 20 μm was achieved. Both concave and convex wafer bow can be obtained by in situ tuning of the deposited SiC layer thicknesses. The 3C-SiC grown on off-axis Si, compared to that grown on on-axis Si, has lower surface roughness, better crystallinity and smaller bow magnitude.
A new type of biocompatible fluorescent probe AFN for fixed and live cell imaging of intracellular lipid droplets
Authors: Sharma Ashutosh , Umar Shahida , Kar Parmita , Singh Kavita , Sachdev Monika , Goel Atul
Published: October 2015

We discovered a new type of nontoxic, highly fluorogenic and biocompatible probe AFN for selective staining of intracellular Lipid Droplets (LDs) in both fixed and live human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) and 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes without any background artifacts.
Concentration addition prediction for a multiple-component mixture containing no effect chemicals
Authors: Liu Ling , Liu Shu-Shen , Yu Mo , Zhang Jin , Chen Fu
Published: October 2015

A concentration-effect prediction method for a mixture with a predictive blind zone (PBZone) in a mixture system containing no-effect chemicals.
Effect of fluorescent staining on size measurements of polymeric nanoparticles using DLS and SAXS
Authors: Geißler D. , Gollwitzer C. , Sikora A. , Minelli C. , Krumrey M. , Resch-Genger U.
Published: October 2015

The influence of fluorescence on nanoparticle size measurements using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) was investigated.
A facile palladium catalysed 3-component cascade route to functionalised isoquinolinones and isoquinolines
Authors: Grigg Ronald , Elboray Elghareeb E. , Akkarasamiyo Sunisa , Chuanopparat Nutthawat , Dondas H. Ali , Abbas-Temirek Hussien H. , Fishwick Colin W. G. , Aly Moustafa F. , Kongkathip Boonsong , Kongkathip Ngampong
Published: October 2015

We present a novel and facile route to functionalised isoquinolinones and isoquinolines in good yields.
Design and synthesis of a new chromophore, 2-(4-nitrophenyl)benzofuran, for two-photon uncaging using near-IR light
Authors: Komori Naomitsu , Jakkampudi Satish , Motoishi Ryusei , Abe Manabu , Kamada Kenji , Furukawa Ko , Katan Claudine , Sawada Wakako , Takahashi Noriko , Kasai Haruo , Xue Bing , Kobayashi Takayoshi
Published: October 2015

A new chromophore, 2-(4-nitrophenyl)benzofuran (NPBF), was designed for two-photon (TP) uncaging using near-IR light.
How fluorescent labelling alters the solution behaviour of proteins
Authors: Quinn M. K. , Gnan N. , James S. , Ninarello A. , Sciortino F. , Zaccarelli E. , McManus J. J.
Published: October 2015

The impact of adding a fluorescent dye to a protein is examined using protein phase diagrams and numerical simulations. The addition of the dye is the equivalent of adding a large attractive patch to the surface of the protein, which results in significant changes to the protein solution behaviour.
Periodic Hartree–Fock and hybrid density functional calculations on the metallic and the insulating phase of (EDO-TTF)2PF6
Authors: Linker Gerrit-Jan , van Loosdrecht Paul H. M. , van Duijnen Piet Th. , Broer Ria
Published: October 2015

Electronic band structures obtained from quantum chemical calculations are used to discuss the metal–insulator phase transition in (EDO-TTF)2PF6in terms of a Peierls mechanism.
New insights into the catalytic cleavage of the lignin β-O-4 linkage in multifunctional ionic liquid media
Authors: Scott Martin , Deuss Peter J. , de Vries Johannes G. , Prechtl Martin H. G. , Barta Katalin
Published: October 2015

Solving the lignin β-O-4 cleavage using acidic multifunctional ionic liquid media.
Characterization of modified SiC@SiO2 nanocables/MnO2 and their potential application as hybrid electrodes for supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Yujie , Chen Junhong , Fan Huili , Chou Kuo-Chih , Hou Xinmei
Published: October 2015

In this research, we demonstrate a simple route for preparing SiC@SiO2 core–shell nanocables and furthermore obtain SiC@SiO2 nanocables/MnO2 as hybrid electrodes for supercapacitors using various modified methods.
A new approach to prepare highly active and stable black titania for visible light-assisted hydrogen production
Authors: Sinhamahapatra Apurba , Jeon Jong-Pil , Yu Jong-Sung
Published: October 2015

A highly active nano black TiO2 photocatalyst with Pt as a co-catalyst for visible light-assisted hydrogen production from methanol–water is prepared by controlled magnesiothermic treatment in a H2/Ar atmosphere.
Ionic hydrogen bond donor organocatalyst for fast living ring-opening polymerization
Authors: Zhi Xu , Liu Jingjing , Li Zhenjiang , Wang Huiying , Wang Xin , Cui Saide , Chen Cheng , Zhao Chengxu , Li Xiaopei , Guo Kai
Published: October 2015

A positive charge enhanced H-bond donor combined with H-bond acceptor as a bifunctional organocatalyst enables fast living ring-opening polymerization of lactide.
Controlling the synthesis and application of nanocrystalline spherical and ordered mesoporous alumina with high thermal stability
Authors: Liu Fang , Zheng Xiaohai , Chen Jiebo , Zheng Ying , Jiang Lilong
Published: October 2015

In an acetic acid assisted sol–gel system, nanosize spherical mesoporous alumina (Figure Q) and ordered mesoporous alumina (Figure S) were synthesized using different mole ratios of n(acetic acid)/n(Al) and synthesis temperatures.
Water soluble fluorophore-carbazole–Au–DNA nanohybrid: enhanced two-photon absorption for living cell imaging application
Authors: Zhu Shu-Juan , Kong Lin , Wang Hui , Tian Yu-Peng , Li Sheng-Li , Xue Zhao-Ming , Xu Xian-Yun , Yang Jia-Xiang
Published: October 2015

Water soluble L–Au–DNA nanohybrid exhibits enhanced 2PA properties that can widely and evenly uptake into the lysosome of HepG2 cells.
Growth of dense CNT on the multilayer graphene film by the microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique and their field emission properties
Authors: Bisht Atul , Chockalingam S. , Panwar O. S. , Kesarwani A. K. , Singh B. P. , Singh V. N.
Published: October 2015

Catalyst assisted carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grown on multilayer graphene (MLG) on copper and silicon substrates by the microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique.
Characterization of polypropylene/hydrogenated styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer blends and fabrication of micro-pyramids via micro hot embossing of blend thin-films
Authors: Jiang Guiyang , Wang Chunwei , Liu Zijin , Zhai Yinghao , Zhang Yong , Jiang Jie , Moriguchi Nobuhiro , Zhu Jun , Yamana Yoshihiro
Published: October 2015

Polypropylene (PP)/hydrogenated styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (HYBRAR) blends were proposed as a new material for the fabrication of optical thin-films with regular micro-pyramids via the micro hot embossing of blend thin-films.
Stability, antioxidant activity and in vitro bile acid-binding of green, black and dark tea polyphenols during simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion
Authors: Wu Zhengmei , Teng Jianwen , Huang Li , Xia Ning , Wei Baoyao
Published: October 2015

The stability and antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds, as well as the bile acid-binding activity of green, black, raw liubao and aged liubao tea duringin vitrogastrointestinal digestion were evaluated.
Highly effective CO2 capture using super-fine PVDF hollow fiber membranes with sub-layer large cavities
Authors: Ghodsi Ali , Fashandi Hossein , Zarrebini Mohammad , Abolhasani Mohammad Mahdi , Gorji Mohsen
Published: October 2015

This work reports a noticeable advancement in CO2 capture using gas–liquid membrane contactors (GLMC) composed of super-fine poly(vinylidene fluoride) hollow fiber membranes (PVDF HFMs) incorporated with sub-layer large cavities.
Preparation and defluorination mechanism of a novel copolymerized hydroxyapatite–aluminium chloride material
Authors: Gong Lianyuan , Feng Li
Published: October 2015

This paper offers a novel copolymerized hydroxyapatite–aluminum (HAP–PAC) adsorbent and evaluates its performance in fluoride removal of drinking water, and a possible fluoride removal mechanism is proposed.
Nanofiller graphene–ZnO hybrid nanoarchitecture: optical, electrical and optoelectronic investigation
Authors: Qurashi Ahsanulhaq , Subrahmanyam K. S. , Kumar Prashant
Published: October 2015

We report the sonochemical synthesis of a hybrid nanoarchitecture composed of ZnO vertically aligned arrays (NRAs) and intercalated (nanofiller) few atomic layers of graphene which exhibits semi-metallic behavior, as a potential hybrid nanomaterial with optoelectronic synergy between its components.
Structural and functional insight into the different oxidation states of SAV1875 from Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Kim Hyo Jung , Kwon Ae-Ran , Lee Bong-Jin
Published: October 2015

The DJ-1/ThiJ/PfpI superfamily is a group of proteins found in diverse organisms. This superfamily includes versatile proteins, such as proteases, chaperones, heat-shock proteins and human Parkinson's disease protein. Most members of the DJ-1/ThiJ/PfpI superfamily are oligomers and are classified into subfamilies depending on discriminating quaternary structures (DJ-1, YhbO and Hsp types). SAV1875, a conserved protein from Staphylococcus aureus, is a member of the YhbO-type subfamily. However, its structure and function remain unknown. Thus, to understand the function and activity mechanism of this protein, the crystal structure of SAV1875 from S. aureus was determined. The overall fold of SAV1875 is similar to that observed for the DJ-1/ThiJ/PfpI superfamily. The cysteine residue located in the dimeric interface (Cys105) forms a catalytic triad with His106 and Asp77, and it is spontaneously oxidized to Cys105-SO2H in the crystal structure. To study the oxidative propensity of Cys105 and the corresponding functional differences with changes in cysteine oxidation state, the crystal structures of SAV1875 variants E17N, E17D and C105D, and over-oxidized SAV1875 were determined. We identified SAV1875 as a novel member of the YhbO-type subfamily exhibiting chaperone function. However, if SAV1875 is over-oxidized further with H2O2, its chaperone activity is eliminated. On the basis of our study, we suggest that SAV1875 functions as a chaperone and the redox state of Cys105 may play an important role.
Epsilon glutathione transferases possess a unique class-conserved subunit interface motif that directly interacts with glutathione in the active site
Authors: Wongsantichon Jantana , Robinson Robert C. , Ketterman Albert J.
Published: October 2015

Epsilon class glutathione transferases (GSTs) have been shown to contribute significantly to insecticide resistance. We report a new Epsilon class protein crystal structure from Drosophila melanogaster for the glutathione transferase DmGSTE6. The structure reveals a novel Epsilon clasp motif that is conserved across hundreds of millions of years of evolution of the insect Diptera order. This histidine-serine motif lies in the subunit interface and appears to contribute to quaternary stability as well as directly connecting the two glutathiones in the active sites of this dimeric enzyme.