bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui LAZISNU Kota Padangsidimpuan
Authors: Zuraidah Esli , Yefni Yefni
Published: January 2024

Dalam rangka meningkatkan kemandirian dan kesejahteraan masyarakat Kota Padangsidimpuan, Lazisnu Kota Padangsidimpuan melakukan program-program pemberdayaan masyarakat sebagai bentuk usaha mengurangi kemiskinan dan pemberian daya kepada masyarakat kurang mampu. Tidak hanya itu, Program Lazisnu juga sebagai ajang pengenalan dan pendekatan Nadhaltul Ulama sebagai organisasi Islam dan Filantropy kepada masyarakat yang dikenal sebagai organisasi Islam terbesar di Dunia yang merakyat dan mementingkan kepentingan ummat Islam.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahuai pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui Lazisnu Kota Padangsidimpuan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui Lazisnu Kota Padangsidimpuan dilakukan dengan program-program Lazisnu. Program pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui Lazisnu terdiri dari empat program. Kegiatan ini dilakukan setiap tahunnya. Keempat program tersebut, yakni: Pemberdayaan ekonomi yang dilakukan melakukan dengan dua cara, yaitu secara konsumtif dengan memberikan bantuan sembako dan kebutuhan lainnya, kemudian secara produktif, dengan memberikan modal usaha. Pemberdayaan pendidikan dilakukan melalui pendidikan formal dan non formal. Sosial keagamaan dengan aksi cepat tanggap bencara dan pembagian mushab Al-Quran kepada yang membutuhkan. Pemberdayaan kesehatan dilakukan dengan memberikan bantuan biaya pengobatan serta fasilitatas ambulan gratis. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan sumbangsih keilmuan kepada peneliti selanjutnya untuk mengembangkan tema penelitian atau menelusuri lebih dalam.
The role of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) in the diagnosis of pediatric sepsis
Authors: Xu Lingjun , Yuan Lingfeng , Chi Keqiang , Zhong Dan , Huang Liang
Published: January 2024

Background. Early diagnosis of pediatric sepsis is difficult, so it is necessary to find a reliable auxiliary diagnostic method. The purpose of the study was to assess the role of RDW in the diagnosis of pediatric sepsis.
Methods. We did a case control study reviewing pediatric inpatients (≥28 days, < 18 years old) who were diagnosed with sepsis between April 2020 and November 2022. According to the sepsis-3 and Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (pSOFA) scoring standards, 66 septic inpatients of the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) were included in the sepsis group and 66 non-septic inpatients of the PICU were included by using the random sampling method during the same period as the control group.
Results. RDW values in the sepsis group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.001). The cut-off value, sensitivity, specificity and area under curve of RDW for sepsis were 39.15, 0.955, 0.758 and 0.943,respectively.
Conclusions. Our study confirms that RDW may have a good value on the early diagnosis of pediatric sepsis.
Computed tomography with clinical scoring to differentiate phytobezoar from feces in childhood small bowel obstruction
Authors: Wang Ning , Wu Xuedong , Lin Xiaodong , Zhang Shanshan , Shen Wei
Published: January 2024

Background. Identification of phytobezoar in childhood small bowel obstruction (SBO) characterized by smallbowel feces sign (SBFS) is still challenging. The aim of our study was to assess the diagnostic performance of quantitative computed tomography (CT) analysis combined with the Acute General Emergency Surgical Severity-Small Bowel Obstruction (AGESS-SBO) scoring system in determining phytobezoar-related SBO.
Methods. Sixteen phytobezoar-related SBO were categorized as the phytobezoar group and the other 19 SBFSpositive SBO was categorized as the control group. Demographic data, clinical presentation, and laboratory and CT findings were collected and analyzed. Each patient`s AGESS-SBO score was determined according to the individual medical record. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify significant variables associated with phytobezoar-related SBO. Diagnostic performance of key variables was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Results. Compared to the control group, the phytobezoar group showed a significantly shorter debris maximal length (3.0 ± 0.5 cm vs. 3.5 ± 0.7 cm, P < 0.05), stronger attenuation (12.6 ± 5.9 HU vs. 8.2 ± 4.0 HU, P < 0.05) in CT, and higher AGESS-SBO scores (4.5 [interquartile (IQR): 4-5]) vs. (2 [IQR: 1-4]). With the combination of debris attenuation (with a cut-off of > 9.0 HU) and AGESS-SBO score (with a cut-off of > 3 points), the positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) to diagnose phytobezoar-related SBO were 80% (12/15) and 84% (16/19), respectively.
Conclusions. The diagnostic method of integrating quantitative CT analysis and the AGESS-SBO scoring system can improve the identification accuracy of phytobezoar in SBFS-positive childhood SBO.
Resettling Hmong in French Guyana
Authors: Lohrmann Reinhard
Published: January 2024

An original experiment has been conducted by France in the shape of schemes for resettling groups of refugees in a rural environment This rural resettlement scheme has been introduced in French Guyana in South America. Guyana, with its low population density and its climate relatively similar to that of Southeast Asia, fulfilled conditions favourable to the resettlement of Hmongs in the same living condir fions as they had known in their home country of origin.
Letters
Authors: Hanson Kristin , Indra Doreen , Adelman Howard , Rosenberg Imre
Published: January 2024

With this issue I take my leave of the editorship of Refuge, and have the pleasure of announcing that the new editor will beDr. Howard Adelman. Dr. Adelman is Director of the Refugee Documentation Project at York University. Refuge will be publicizing the work of the Project and will share support services with it.
El Teatro Performance de Alberto Kurapel y la expresión sonora de exilio.
Authors: Masud Barria Astrid Tadea
Published: January 2024

El presente artículo pretende establecer un acercamiento preliminar entre el lenguaje poético y sonoro en la experiencia escénica del Teatro Performance de Alberto Kurapel, creador escénico chileno exiliado en Canadá Montreal, durante la dictadura militar de 1973. Los aportes del Teatro Performance se encuentran en las formas intersticias de su escritura dramática de exilio, advirtiendo en ella la fractura como un espacio de alteridad que da origen a una narración liminal y atópica, descubriendo una oposición binaria entre institucionalización y desterritorialidad de lo cultural.
Del convivio al encierro, Interpretación teatral en pandemia.
Authors: Carilao Pino Javiera , Ortega Carrasco Lito
Published: January 2024

Del convivio al encierro, tesis de pregrado que busca comprender de qué manera los intérpretes en ejercicio abordaron las técnicas teatrales y las distintas metodologías al actuar en el contexto de la pandemia del 2020 (COVID19). La investigación hace contraste a la naturaleza convivial del teatro frente a los cambios paradigmáticos que enfrentan los artistas de artes escénicas al tener que entrar en una etapa de confinamiento. Se identifica la exploración de los artistas teatrales en plataformas virtuales, el intento de mantener viva la esencia del teatro en un contexto de encierro y distancia social.
Identifikasi Potensi Air Tanah di Nagari Aie Dingin Menggunakan Metode Geolistrik Resistivitas
Authors: Putri Jesika Maha , Afdal Afdal
Published: January 2024

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi potensi air tanah di Nagari Aie Dingin Kabupaten Solok menggunakan metode geolistrik resistivitas satu dimensi konfigurasi Schlumberger. Akuisisi data dilakukan pada dua lintasan dengan panjang lintasan yaitu 100 meter, dimana Lintasan 1 di Jorong Koto Baru dan Lintasan 2 di Jorong Koto. Pemodelan menggunakan software IPI2WIN. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa lapisan di bawah Jorong Koto Baru terdiri dari empat lapisan yaitu lempung pasiran, tuff hablur, batu pasir, dan lempung sedangkan lapisan di bawah Jorong Koto terdiri dari tiga lapisan yaitu lempung, batu pasir, dan lapisan ketiga yang tidak terdefenisi. Potensi air tanah pada Jorong Koto Baru berada pada lapisan ketiga dengan resistivitas 48,7 Î©m dengan kedalaman 3,2 â€“ 10,5 meter dan di Jorong Koto berada pada lapisan kedua dengan resistivitas 73,9 Î©m dengan kedalaman 2,7 â€“ 20 meter. Berdasarkan kedalaman air tanah yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian bahwa di Nagari Aie Dingin potensi air tanahnya kecil atau akuifernya dangkal dikarenakan kemampuan batuan di daerah penelitian untuk dapat mengalirkan air kecil.Â  Jenis akuifer daerah penelitian adalah akuifer tertekan.
Pemodelan 3D Bidang Gelincir Tanah Longsor Menggunakan Metode Geolistrik di Bukit Nobita Padang
Authors: Arif M. , Pujiastuti Dwi , Pohan Ahmad Fauzi
Published: January 2024

The surface of rupture investigation has been conducted at Nobita Hill, Kampung Jua, Lubuk Begalung, Padang City using the 3-dimensional resistivity geoelectric method in Wenner configuration. The research was conducted in a hilly area with a slope of up to 40Âº. Data was collected on three tracks with variations in length lengths of 120 and 240 m. The electrode spacing is 6, 12, 18, and 24 m for current and potential electrodes. Data processing was carried out using Res2dinv software to display a 2-dimensional image of the subsurface layer based on the resistivity values measured in the field. The results of 2-dimensional image processing were then modeled in 3 dimensions using Voxler software. Data interpretation of the results obtained by Track 1 has a resistivity value of 1170-2028 Î©m at a depth of 4.5-19.1m. Track 2 has a resistivity value of 1052-1768 Î©m with a depth of 4.5-19.1 m. Track 3 has a resistivity value of 1492-2937 Î©m at a depth of 1.5-19.1 m. The direction of the sliding plane of Tracks 1 and 2 is to the northwest, while track 3 is to the northeast. The results showed that the sliding plane on each track is granite.
Evaluasi Kerentanan Seismik Wilayah Kota Mamuju Pasca Gempa Bumi 15 Agustus 2021 Menggunakan Data Microtremor
Authors: Priadi Ramadhan , Arsyad Muhammad , Susanto Agus
Published: January 2024

Pada tanggal 15 Januari 2021, pukul 02.28 WITA 2021 terjadi gempa bumi signifikan dengan magnitudo M 6,2 di wilayah pesisir barat pulau Sulawes. Gempa bumi tesebut disebabkan oleh aktivitas sesar lokal Mamuju dengan pola patahan naik (Thrust Fault). Gempa bumi majene-Mamuju memberikan dampak kerusakan yang besar pada konstruksi bangunana yang berada dipermukaan khususnya pada wilayah kota Mamuju yang menjadi ibukota wilayah Sulawesi Barat. Perlu adanya evaluasi untuk menganalisis dan memodelkan ancaman dampak gempa bumi di wilayah kota Mamuju. Salah satu motode yang dapat digunakan untuk mengevaluasi kerentanan seismik suatu wilayah dapat menggunakan metode Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR). Data yang digunakan merupakan data sinyal microtremor dari hasil pengukuran lapangan sebanyak 39 titik menggunakan portable seismometer TDS-303 jenis short period. Terdapat empat parameter output yang dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis dan engevaluasi kerentanan seismik yaitu frekuensi dominan (f0), faktor amplifikasi (A0), indeks kerentanan seismik (Kg), dan periode dominan (T0). Dari hasil pengukuran di lapangan, maka output HVSR tersebut dapat dipetakan untuk mengiterpretasikan sebaran data secara spasial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jika wilayah kota Mamuju memiliki nilai frekuensi dominan (f0) antara 0,608 Hz-0,97 Hz, faktor amplifikasi (A0) antara 1,01-7,69, indeks kerentanan seismik (Kg) antara 0,468-73,886, dan periode dominan (T0) antara 0,09 s-1,64 s. Dari hasil tersebut wilayah kota Mamuju yang berada dekat dengan pesisir pantai memiliki potensi kerentanan terhadap bahaya gempa bumi yang jauh lebih tinggi, jika dibandingkan dengan wilayah yang berada di sebelah selatan. Hal ini juga didukung oleh hasil perhitungan ketebalan sedimen yang berkisar antara 7,6 m-130,2 m dengan wilayah utara jauh lebih tebal dari wilayah sebelah selatan. Sehingga wiilayah pesisir kota Mamuju relatif lebih rentan terhadap potensi amplifikasi gelombang seismik dipermukaan.
Uji Signifikansi Stasiun GPS Kontinu dan Periodik dalam Identifikasi Pergerakan Koseismik
Authors: Anggara Ongky , Alif Satrio Muhammad , Pratama Andhika Wahyu , Hutabarat Wendi Melvin
Published: January 2024

Pengukuran pergerakan bumi dengan menggunakan sistem GPS telah menjadi bagian penting dalam pemahaman deformasi kerak bumi yang berkaitan dengan aktivitas seismik. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan ujiÂ Â  signifikansi dari stasiun GPS yang beroperasi secara kontinu dan periodik dalam mengidentifikasi pergerakan koseismik gempa Pesisir Barat pada 10 Maret 2020 (M5,8)Â Â  dan gempa Bengkulu pada 19 Agustus 2020 (M6,8). Pengolahan data GPS menggunakan perangkat lunak GAMIT/GLOBK yang bertujuanÂ Â  untuk mendapatkan koordinat dan nilai pergeseran koseismik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa rata-rata titik tidak menunjukan pergeseran secara signifikan baik dari data GPS kontinu maupun data GPS periodik. Terdapat satu titik pengamatan yang menunjukkanÂ Â  pergeseran secara signifikan yaitu stasiun pengamatan PRKB yang menunjukkanÂ Â  pergeseran sebesar ~2-3 mm. Uji signifikansi dipengaruhi oleh nilai pergeseran koseismik dan standar deviasinya yang dipengaruhi mekanisme gempa. Uji signifikansi dari pengamatan stasiun GPS menunjukkanÂ Â  tidak terdapat perbedaan baik dari data GPS secara kontinu maupun GPS secara periodik pada uji signifikansi karenaÂ Â  gempa yang diamati relatif kecil sehingga menghasilkan pergeseran koseismik yang relatif kecil.
Impact of pesticides on the arthropofauna associated with potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivation in Cusco-Peru
Authors: MONTES Alvaro F , MINAYA David , IANNACONE José
Published: January 2024

The impact of several pesticides on the diversity of arthropofauna associated with commercial potato cultivation was evaluated in Mollepata, province of Anta in Cusco-Peru, to determine which trophic guilds (TG) are affected. The treatments were fipronil, propineb and conventional (rotation of several pesticides). Thirty-five pitfall traps were placed in each treatment with the purpose of collecting the arthropofauna in potatoes. Five applications of the corresponding treatment were carried out and a total of five check-ups were carried out with a frequency of fourteen days. The most abundant families were Hemiptera: Cicadellidae (19.82%), Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae (16.33%) and Diptera: Sciaridae (11.92%). Propineb was the treatment that presented, at the family level, the largest total number of individuals. For the entire study, at the level of TG, the decreasing sequence of the total number of families was: phytophagous with 30 families (32.97%); predators 23 families (26.37%); detritivores 20 families (21.98%); parasitoids 10 families (9.89%); pollinators six families (6.59%) and finally omnivorous with two families (2.20%). Propineb presented the highest values of the total number of individuals in phytophages and parasitoids. On the other hand, alpha diversity indices did not present differences between treatments for omnivores, detritivores, pollinators and predators. The beta diversity indices were variable, generally obtaining greater similarity between the fipronil and conventional treatment. The phytophagous and parasitoid TGs were those that presented the most differentiated values when evaluating the effect of pesticides on soil arthropofauna based on alpha diversity indices.
Parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera) and Biological Control in Chile: Applications and Potentials
Authors: FERNANDEZ Ricardo , ARAUJO Rodrigo , HERRERA Valentina , SCHAPHEER Constanza , VILLAGRA Cristian
Published: January 2024

Global biodiversity decline and pollution, along with climate change, directly threaten food security and sovereignty. Unsustainable practices in industrial agriculture, including the introduction of non-native insects exacerbate this environmental crisis. These can invade native habitats and disrupt the ecological balance, leading to biodiversity loss. We created a database of parasitic wasp species used for biological control in Chile, examining the percentage of introduced and native species, introduction timelines, and host interactions. A total of 73% of the Hymenoptera used for biological control in Chile are exotic species. This trend has grown over decades as new species were continuously introduced, resulting in an increasing accumulation of exotic species. We also identified instances of native and introduced parasitoid species sharing the same hosts, potentially causing a spillover effect. Given Chile's high endemism in its insect population, the massive introduction of exotic species could have detrimental consequences for local biodiversity and agricultural ecosystems. Overreliance on non-native pest controllers impedes the use of existing native biological control species, increasing vulnerability to pests adapted to widely used biological control agents. We advocate for prioritizing local and native parasitic wasps to ensure long-lasting, and sustainable agriculture production in Chile while mitigating the negative impacts of exotic species.
ALGORITMOS INDOMÁVEIS: UMA ANÁLISE SEMIOLINGUÍSTICA DA RELAÇÃO ENTRE FÃS E UMA PLATAFORMA DIGITAL
Authors: Chimite Yara Fernanda , Fischer Gustavo Daudt
Published: January 2024

Este artigo realiza uma análise semiolinguística do relacionamento entre fãs e uma plataforma digital, com enfoque nos discursos envolvidos no processo de atualização da lista de Top Shows da plataforma MyDramaList e as subsequentes reações dos fãs do drama O Indomável, que caiu da primeira para a segunda posição. Tem como objetivo investigar a construção das identidades discursivas tanto da plataforma, com ênfase em seu algoritmo de classificação, quanto do fandom. Toma como base teórica uma articulação entre os Estudos de Plataforma (Van Dijck, 2013; Gillespie, 2015; Helmond, 2015; Van Dijck; Poell; De Waal, 2018), estudos sobre algoritmos (Gillespie, 2018; Beer, 2016; Bucher, 2017), Estudos de Fãs (Fiske, 1992; Stein, 2015; Lamerichs, 2018) e, mais especificamente, fãs nas plataformas digitais (Yin, 2020; Zhang; Negus, 2020), estudos sobre afeto em rede (Paasonen; Hillis; Petit, 2015; Dean, 2015) e a Teoria Semiolinguística (Charaudeau, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2015). Analisa, com abordagem Qualitativa, os comentários dos fãs na página do drama no MyDramaList, bem como os fragmentos discursivos da plataforma. Os resultados demonstram que a plataforma procura construir uma identidade discursiva de neutralidade, enquanto os fãs interpretam essa identidade de maneiras variáveis, construindo suas próprias identidades de fãs atreladas à plataforma e constituindo a lista de Top Shows como um signo (Ponzio, 2008).
DAS PASSARELAS À LIMPEZA COM CELEBRIDADES: ESTUDO EXPLORATÓRIO DE ELLEN MILGRAU, “A INFLUENCIADORA TOP DA FAXINA”
Authors: Franco Marina dos Santos , Amaral Adriana da Rosa , Karhawi Issaaf
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo tem como como objetivo descrever como as ações sociais praticadas por influenciadores digitais são realizadas a partir do desempenho e das dinâmicas da produção de conteúdo nas plataformas digitais. Para tanto, fizemos uma observação Exploratória do perfil de Instagram de Ellen MilGrau, que ficou conhecida nas redes sociais como “A influenciadora top da faxina”. Observamos as estratégias de construção de marca da top model e influencer a partir do conteúdo criado para o quadro “Faxina MilGrau” focado na limpeza de casas de pessoas com depressão e transtornos de saúde mental. Como resultados iniciais, observamos que o storytelling de autenticidade enquanto valor desse quadro expandiu o negócio da influenciadora e consolidou os valores de legitimidade da top model nesse nicho, ampliando seu capital social e econômico através do marketing de causas.
Cross addiction in patients who underwent bariatric surgery: a systematic review
Authors: Garcia Isadora Soares Bicalho , Conegundes Ana Flávia , Martins Mateus Lima , Zaroni Samuel , Bertão Isabella Oliveira , Machado Elaine Leandro
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Bariatric surgery is the most effective intervention for severe obesity. The transfer of addiction after bariatric surgery involves the potential development of new addictive behaviors in individuals who have undergone the procedure. This phenomenon, also referred to as cross addiction, has gained attention in scientific literature. Understanding these occurrences is crucial for informing clinical practices and health policies concerning bariatric surgery and post-operative care. Objective: To analyze the relationship between remission of food dependence and the emergence of addictions after bariatric surgery through the produced scientific evidence. Method: Systematic review conducted in Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), PubMed and Scopus, using the keywords “Cross Addiction”, “Bariatric Surgery” and similar terms collected from the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). The inclusion criteria were experimental and observational studies published between 2012 and 2022 in English, Portuguese or Spanish that discuss about cross addiction in patients that have undergone bariatric surgery. Studies that did not fulfill the inclusion criteria and duplicate articles were excluded. Two independent researchers selected the articles. Results: Most studies evidenced a positive relationship between cross-addiction and bariatric surgery. Patients reported significant increment in substance use and cross addiction. Still, some studies observed no relationship between previous food addiction and postoperatively substance abuse or other disorders. Limitations of the reviewed studies include variability of samples, diversity in the measurement of cross-dependence, focus on alcohol, and limited consensus on psychological and psychiatric criteria for the surgery. Conclusion: The theory of addiction transfer has not been fully validated and remains a point of discussion.  Further research, methodological standardization, and defined protocols are imperative to improve our understanding of this phenomenon.
Miscellaneous Arabic Loanwords in Local Bugis Culture
Authors: Ambo Zahra Shafirah , Shodiq M. Ja’far , Putri Riska Mulyana
Published: January 2024

The Bugis language adopted or adapted many Arabic vocabulary, especially after the spread of Islam and adopted by the Bugis community. The absorption of Arabic into the Bugis language continued to evolve with time and cultural interaction between the two groups. This study aims to obtain decryption related to the process of Arabic loanwords into Bugis language and also obtain related changes in word structure in Arabic loanwords into Bugis language. By using qualitative methods, namely research approaches used to understand and explain phenomena in depth and descriptively. The source of the data obtained through interviews with native speakers of the Bugis language. The results of this study showed that the absorption of Arabic vocabulary in the Bugis language did not experience a change in meaning. Changes in word structure indicate differences in pronunciation and vocabulary between Arabic and Bugis. This shows that the Bugis language has a different phonological and lexicon system from Arabic, and such changes can be found in the words adopted from Arabic into the Bugis language. The study of Arabic loanwords in the local Bugis culture has significant scientific contributions in the fields of linguistics, cultural studies, and anthropology. For future research, it is recommended to conduct a comparative study between the use of Arabic loanwords in the Bugis language with other regional languages in Indonesia.
Satire: Sindiran Humor dalam Naskah Drama Arab
Authors: Mulloh Tamim , Ade Destri Deviana  , Muhammad Ridho Naufal
Published: January 2024

The Arabic drama "Mismaru Juha" by Ali Ahmad Bakatsir has the character Sheikh Juha that has a role by the humorous and wise. The Arabic drama used script with Arabic language for Sheikh Juha is full of critical of elites allied with other nations. It is according the writer has nationalism. Critical of drama script expressed in stylistic satire, namely an expression of humorous allusion. The aim of this research is to determine the type of satire of drama script Mismaru Juha and its percentage. The method uses a descriptive-qualitative type of library research, with the focus of the study being the overall style of satirical language in drama texts Arabic of drama script Mismaru Juha. There are four stages of data analysis are organizing data, reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The result is the Arabic drama used satire style in the form of humor to give criticm based on norms society. The satire is three types are: (1) horatian satire (soft allusion and empathy) with 45%; (2) Juvenalian satire (allusion harsher than horizontal satire, direct criticism) with 25%; and (3) Manippean satire (allusion of narrative with stories or experiences that have occurred) with 30%. The type of satire that is more often used is horation satire that has humor, polite speech andnot rude words.
PRIVIDNI UGOVORI IZMEĐU NIŠTETNOSTI I NEPOSTOJANJA
Authors: Demark Armando , Dešić Josip
Published: January 2024

In this paper, the authors discuss apparent contracts as regulated by Article 285 paragraph 1 of the Croatian Civil Obligations Act as a cause of either the nullity or the inexistence of the contract. In several recent decisions of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Croatia, one can notice the standpoint that apparent contracts are not null contracts, but inexistent contracts. The aforementioned standpoint resulted in the rejection of many claims for the determination of nullity of apparent contracts. Therefore, in the first part of the paper, the authors analyze the subject case-law, as well as apparent contracts in Croatian and comparative law. At the same time, inexistent contracts have been the subject of discussion exclusively from the point of view of legal theory. The second part of the paper is consequently focused on the analysis of inexistent contracts, their practical value and their comparison to null contracts. The authors also give specific attention to the difference between the moment of entering into a contract and the creation of the contract’s legal effects, as well as the need for the differentiation between legal consequences of contracts that are not formed, contracts that are not entered into, contracts that do not produce legal effects and contracts that are explicitly null. In the conclusion, the authors discuss the practical necessity of distinguishing null and inexistent contracts and propose de lege ferenda suggestions for normative improvement of the Civil Obligations Act in the part that pertains to contracts with no legal effect.
Antioxidant, anticancer activity and phytochemical constituents of Dryopteris hirtipes (blumze) kuntze Linn.
Authors: Valarmathi R. , Natarajan D. , Kanagarasan M.
Published: January 2024

This study was to identify the prominent bioactive components and their biological activity from hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of D.hirtipes by performing spectral studies. Leaves of D.hirtipes were extracted by solvents via Soxhlet apparatus. After extraction, column fractions were collected from two extracts of D.hirtipes and clear bands of TLC spots were identified. The screening of phytoconstituents and its functional groups from the D.hirtipes was carried out by using LC-MS ,FT-IR spectral analyses and for biological studies like antioxidant (DPPH) and anticancerous effect (HeLa and A549 cell line) of D.hirtipes. Pure spots were found in TLC in hexane and ethyl acetate extracts, responsible for polyphenolic compounds. In FTIR, extracts were analyzed and confirm the presence of functional molecules like hydroxyl and carboxylic groups, alcohols, phenols, alkanes and amine groups. Depending on the mass chromatogram (m/z) peak ratio in LC-MS, the acylphluroglucinol derivatives like Kaempferol 3-0-(4”0-acetylrutinoside), Quercetin3-0-rhamnoside, flavaspidic acid AB compounds were identified. Free radical scavenging activity was found effective in ethyl acetate than hexane. In MTT assay, cancerous activity was identified between the two extracts using cell lines like HeLa and Lung (A549) cell line. Ethyl acetate showed prominent anticancer activity.
Sustainable Integrated Pest Management using Pheromones: Types, Synthesis, Mechanism of Action and Applications
Authors: Khandayataray P. , Murthy M.K. , Samal D. , Gurusubramanian G.
Published: January 2024

Integrated pest management (IPM) strategies have been developed to combat the health, environmental and organismal adverse effects of conventional pesticides. It is possible to control agricultural and forestry pests by using insect pheromones. Recently, pheromone research has been influenced significantly by advances in agriculture as well as in technical aspects. Pheromone research is discussed in this review including synthesis, mechanism and application in integrated pest management. Moreover, the synthesis of certain chiral, racemic, monoolefinic and poly-olefinic pheromones has evolved a standard method for the manufacture of similar compounds. IPM is concluded with an in-depth discussion of pheromones' role in IPM. Further, it provides faster directions to organic chemists and entomologists in the development of eco-friendly tools. Future green agriculture will depend heavily on pheromones for its sustainability.
„Koło miłośników czerni”. Wpływ języka na społeczną percepcję osób czarnoskórych na przykładzie opiniotwórczej siły metafor
Authors: Gonigroszek Dorota , Woźniak Julita
Published: January 2024

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie opiniotwórczej siły  metafor w kontekście społecznego postrzegania osób czarnoskórych. Metafory odnoszące się do koloru czarnego to jedna z najczęstszych figur retorycznych występujących w wypowiedziach na temat przybywających do Europy Afroamerykanów czy imigrantów z Afryki. Wychodząc z założenia, że język wpływa na światopogląd mówiącego, autorki podejmują próbę wykazania, w jaki sposób „metafory czerni” mogą wpływać na kształtowanie się negatywnego nastawienia do osób czarnoskórych, a w konsekwencji wzmacniać zjawisko rasizmu. Autorki odwołują się do teorii metafor pojęciowych i procesów poznawczych, badanych przez językoznawstwo kognitywne,  oraz zagadnień międzykulturowych. Ponadto wskazują na konieczność wyeliminowania pewnych wyrażeń z języka potocznego, gdyż pejoratywne słowa opisujące Innych (np. „metafory czerni”) mogą wpływać na kształtowanie się utartych wzorców  myślenia u dzieci na temat osób odmiennych kulturowo.
Procesy myślowe człowieka odzwierciedlone w polskich i rosyjskich frazeologizmach animalistycznych z zoonimami oznaczającymi wybrane zwierzęta hodowlane (rozważania z antopocentryzmem w tle)
Authors: Piasecka Agata
Published: January 2024

Artykuł prezentuje procesy myślowe człowieka w oparciu o polską i rosyjską frazeologię z komponentem animalistycznym. Pod uwagę wzięto frazeologizmy z zoonimami koń, krowa, świnia, owca, koza, które dotyczą braku dostatecznej aktywności intelektualnej, braku zdolności zapamiętywania, trudności ze zdobywaniem wiedzy i wyciąganiem logicznych wniosków. W artykule zwrócono uwagę na fakt, że dominantą polskiej i rosyjskiej frazeologii animalistycznej jest antropocentryzm, a nazwy zwierząt, użyte metaforycznie w odniesieniu do ludzi, najczęściej pejoratywnie wartościują faunę. Przedstawione rozważania dowodzą, że opozycja homo-animal zawarta w polskich i rosyjskich frazeologizmach animalistycznych jest przejawem jaskrawego poczucia wyższości człowieka wobec królestwa zwierząt.
Translation methods applied to translate Polish types and names of administrative law authority bodies into English – a case study.
Authors: Kizińska Anna
Published: January 2024

The paper aims to discuss Polish terms that name authority bodies under the administrative law and their English equivalents. The Polish terms under analysis appear in the first Division of the Polish Code of Administrative Procedure of 14 June 1960 and the English equivalents of each Polish term researched have been suggested in the Polish Code of Administrative Procedure translation into English. The research problem is to determine the translation methods applied and to verify whether translation methods used in the Polish-English translation of the above terms which have been determined as culture-specific items appear among translation methods applied when translating culture-specific elements suggested by Hejwowski (2007). Furthermore, to verify whether the mentioned translation methods appear among the translation methods discussed by Weston (1993) which are recommended to be applied while translating legal terms. The theoretical part of the paper includes a presentation of the definitions of a legal term, culture-specific item and the classification of translation methods by Hejwowski and Weston. The research stages include the comparison of definitions of source elements and definitions of their equivalents, as long as they appear in monolingual English law dictionaries.
Iodine content in components of ecosystems of Yakutia
Authors: Sazonov N. N. , Kuzmina S. S.
Published: January 2024

The problem of iodine deficiency in the ecosystems of Yakutia has a serious impact on human and animal health, affects vital processes and causes damage to agriculture, which requires systematic study. The aim of this study is to investigate the processes of iodine cycling in various components of the ecosystem, including air, soil, water, plants and animals. Research in this direction is becoming increasingly important in view of the widespread problem of iodine deficiency, which affects both the health of the local population and production activities in agriculture. In order to gain an in-deep understanding of the iodine cycle in the ecosystems of Yakutia, the study was conducted in various biogeochemical provinces identified on the basis of landscape and soil criteria. Laboratory methods of biochemical analysis included the kinetic rhodanide-nitrite method, the titrimetric method and the oxidation reaction of the rhodanide ion. The study of the iodine content in the studied components of the ecosystems of Yakutia revealed significant differences in its concentration in various types of water and soils, depending on the biogeochemical characteristics of the provinces. Pasture plants in the Central Yakutia province had a significantly low iodine content than in the Kolyma province, which does not meet the needs of local livestock. This is a potential problem for livestock production and is related to the general trends in iodine concentration in the soils of this province. In general, these results highlight the importance of understanding the biogeochemical characteristics of ecosystems in order to develop effective strategies for managing iodine content in order to ensure human and animal health in Yakutia.
Comprehensive analysis of nitrile probe IR shifts and intensities in proteins: experiment and critical evaluation of simulations
Authors: Kirsh Jacob M. , Weaver Jared Bryce , Boxer Steven G. , Kozuch Jacek
Published: January 2024

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are frequently carried out for proteins to investigate the role of electrostatics in their biological function. The choice of force field (FF) can significantly alter the MD results as the simulated local electrostatic interactions lack benchmarking in the absence of appropriate experimental methods. We recently reported that the transition dipole moment (TDM) of the popular nitrile vibrational probe varies linearly with the environmental electric field, overcoming well-known hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) issues for the nitrile frequency and, thus, enabling the unambiguous measurement of electric fields in proteins (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2022, 144 (17), 7562-7567). Herein, we utilize this new strategy to enable comparisons of experimental and simulated electric fields in protein environments. Specifically, previously determined TDM electric fields exerted onto nitrile-containing o-cyanophenylalanine residues in photoactive yellow protein are compared with MD electric fields from the fixed-charge AMBER FF and the polarizable AMOEBA FF. We observe that the electric field distributions for H-bonding nitriles are substantially affected by the choice of FF. As such, AMBER underestimates electric fields for nitriles experiencing moderate field strengths; in contrast, AMOEBA robustly recapitulates the TDM electric fields. The FF dependence of the electric fields can be partly explained by the presence of additional negative charge density along the nitrile bond axis in AMOEBA, which is due to the inclusion of higher-order multipole parameters; this in turn begets more head-on nitrile H-bonds. We conclude by discussing the implications of the FF dependence for the simulation of nitriles and proteins in general.
Unique Reactivity of Cyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)Carbene Stabilized Acyclic Imino Olefin (AIO) Towards Dinitrogen Transfer Reagent
Authors: Kundu Subrata , Das Bindusagar , Gupta Dhananjay , Chauhan Aryan , Yadav Ritu , Karmakar Tarak
Published: January 2024

N-Heterocyclic olefins (NHOs) represent a class of zwitterionic compounds known for their effective electron donor properties, often surpassing those of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). The properties of NHOs can be significantly fine-tuned by altering both the steric and electronic characteristics around the NHO framework. Parallel to NHOs, N-heterocyclic imines (NHIs) also exhibit exceptional donor properties and act as super-nucleophiles due to the strong ylidic nature of their exocyclic imine moiety. In this study, we employed the cyclic alkyl amino carbene (CAAC)-stabilized NHI to isolate a robust electron-donating acyclic olefin system and showcase its unique reactivity in comparison to traditional NHOs. Moreover, compound 2 shows air and moisture stability. In addition, compound 2 shows thermal stability up to 306 °C under an inert atmosphere. Furthermore, the calculated proton affinity of this compound is 269.9 kcal/mol, akin to the high proton affinities of NHOs reported in the literature. The reactivity of compound 2 with highly nucleophilic dinitrogen transfer azide resulted in four different compounds 3-6 by varying the stoichiometric ratios. Compound 3 is an azo-bridged AIO dimer, while compound 5 features a tetrazolium moiety. Compounds 4 and 6 contain unprecedented nitrogen-containing heterocycles.
Radical Bifunctionalization of Alkenes with Arylsulfonylacetate as Bifunctional Reagent via Photoredox Radical Addition/Smiles Rearrangement Cascade
Authors: He Chonglong , Wang Yulong , Yan Zichen , Zhang Keyuan , Wang Min , Duan Xin-Hua , Liu Le
Published: January 2024

We present herein a modular photoredox strategy for the difunctionalization of alkenes employing arylsulfonyl acetate as the bifunctional reagents. Under photoredox conditions, the electrophilic carbon-centered radical, generated from bifunctional reagent, add to alkenes followed by 1,4-aryltranlocation, providing a robust alternative to synthetic valuable γ,γ-diaryl and γ-aryl ester compounds. This method features mild reaction conditions, high atom- and step- economy, excellent functional group compatibility and great structural diversity. A complementary oxidative bifunctional reagents activation mode governs the radical cascade reactions, facilitating the simultaneous incorporation of aryl and carboxylate bearing alkyl groups into the alkenes.
Using test-time augmentation to investigate explainable AI: inconsistencies between method, model and human intuition
Authors: Hartog Peter B. R. , Krüger Fabian , Genheden Samuel , Tetko Igor V.
Published: January 2024

Stakeholders of machine learning models desire explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to produce human-understandable and consistent interpretations. In computational toxicity, augmentation of text-based molecular representations has been used successfully for transfer learning on downstream tasks. Augmentations of molecular representations can also be used at inference to compare differences between multiple representations of the same ground-truth. In this study, we investigate the robustness of eight XAI methods using test-time augmentation for a molecular-representation model in the field of computational toxicity prediction. We report significant differences between explanations for different representations of the same ground-truth, and show that randomized models have similar variance. We hypothesize that text-based molecular representations in this and past research reflect tokenization more than learned parameters. Furthermore, we see a greater variance between in-domain predictions than out-of-domain predictions, indicating XAI measures something other than learned parameters. Finally, we investigate the relative importance given to expert-derived structural alerts and find similar importance given irregardless of applicability domain, randomization and varying training procedures. We therefore caution future research to validate their methods using a similar comparison to human intuition without further investigation.
Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of 0.2% Chlorhexidine and 1% Chitosan Mouthwash on Microbial Growth in Patients Using Dental Prosthesis: A Clinical Study
Authors: Sindhu Pravin Kumari , Prasanna Bibhuti , Sinha Neeta , . Sneha , Saurabh Kumar
Published: January 2024

Objective This study attempted to evaluate the antibacterial effect of 1 Chitosan CHT solution compared to 0.2 Chlorhexidine CHX mouthwash on the bacterial levels of the oral cavity with a dental prosthesis.Method A total of 40 patients receiving dental prostheses were selected. The patients were divided into two groups Group A included 20 patients who were advised to use Chlorohexidine mouthwash and Group B included 20 patients advised to use Chitosan mouthwash for 15 days. Supragingival plaque samples were collected for microbial analysis on day 0 baseline and on day 15.Results Microbial colonies reduced in both the groups after 15 days. No significant difference in the reduction of bacterial count was observed between the groups P lt0.05.Conclusion Chitosan mouthwash has potential benefits in plaque and inflammation control and can be used as a supplement in daily oral hygiene regimen of patients with gingivitis. Bacterial count reduction was marginally higher in Group B compared to Group A. However this difference was not statistically significant P gt0.05.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Three Different Desensitizing Toothpastes in Reducing Dentinal Hypersensitivity: A Four-Week Clinical Study
Authors: Ranka M Sonali , Valli S Kusum
Published: January 2024

Aim Comparing the efficacy of three different desensitizing toothpastes containing natural ingredients potassium nitrate and calcium sodium phosphosilicate in reducing dentin hypersensitivity DH.Method Adult patients with hypersensitivity related to circumstances that expose dentin were the subjects in this four-week trial. Patients were split into three groups Group I Natural desensitizing paste Bentodent Group II Potassium nitrate Sensodyne and Group III Calcium sodium phosphosilicate Shy-NM. The Visual Analog Scale VAS was used to measure the sensitivity scores with tactile and air stimuli at baseline immediately after application and after one week and four weeks. Chi-square test and One-way ANOVA test were used and P le0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results Group I and Group III showed significantly better reduction in DH at all time intervals when compared to Group II. Group I and III were significantly effective than Group II at one and four week evaluations.Conclusion The most effective desensitizing toothpaste in reducing hypersensitivity was the one containing natural ingredients like propolis guava leaves another containing calcium sodium phosphosilicate followed by potassium nitrate containing toothpaste up to a period of four weeks.
Nasal Drug Delivery System and its Applicability in Therapeutics: A Review
Authors: R Godge G , B Shaikh A , C Bharat S , B Randhawan B , A Raskar M , N Hiremath S
Published: January 2024

The scientific community has been interested in nasal drug delivery as an additional method for administering vaccines and biomolecules including proteins peptides and non-peptide medications. This interest arises from the fact that unstable drugs often undergo significant breakdown in the gastrointestinal tract GIT or experience first-pass hepatic metabolism when taken orally. The nasal route on the other hand provides a convenient alternative for delivering these drugs. The nasal route offers a parenteral drug delivery option which is advantageous for long-term therapy. Due to its high vascularization and permeability the nasal mucosa promotes rapid absorption and onset of action. It is non-invasive often utilized for both local and systemic therapy and allows medication to enter the systemic circulation without any intermediate steps. Additionally this approach is employed to circumvent the blood-brain barrier BBB. While absorption promoters can enhance the absorption of large molecules like protein nucleic acid etc. nasal medication delivery provides higher absorption rates for low molecular weight pharmaceuticals. This article provides a comprehensive overview of current developments in intranasal drug delivery covering various aspects including the components involved strategies for enhancing bioavailability analysis of nasal drug formulation and factors influencing nasal absorption.
OPTIMASI KINERJA AKUSTIK MASJID AL-IRSYAD SATYA KOTA BARU PARAHYANGAN
Authors: Rachmasari P. Nabila , Subagio Irma
Published: January 2024

Abstrak - Masjid merupakan tempat ibadah umat muslim. Aktivitas yang diselenggarakan di masjid terdiri dari ibadah shalat berjamaah, khutbah, pengajian, pernikahan dan diskusi. Aktivitas-aktivitas tersebut merupakan kegiatan yang membutuhkan kejelasan suara sehingga akustik di dalam masjid menjadi penting. Masjid Al-Irsyad Kota Baru Parahyangan merupakan masjid rancangan Urbane yang memiliki rancangan dinding berpori dengan pertimbangan penghawaan alami yang baik. Namun, dinding berpori pada masjid dapat berpotensi untuk menurunkan kualitas kinerja akustik yang terjadi di ruang dalam. Sehingga, Masjid Al-Irsyad Kota Baru Parahyangan menjadi menarik untuk diteliti kinerja akustiknya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kinerja akustik pada Masjid Al-Irsyad Kota Baru Parahyangan berdasarkan parameter objektif, dan upaya apa yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengoptimasi kinerja akustik tersebut jika ditemukan belum optimal.

Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian kuantitatif dilakukan dengan cara melakukan studi pustaka untuk mengetahui teori-teori mengenai akustik masjid, dan observasi lapangan untuk pengumpulan data, serta pengukuran di lapangan untuk mengetahui performa akustik masjid. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data pengukuran kualitas akustik berdasarkan parameter objektif akustik. Data kemudian 

melalui tahap analisis untuk mengetahui performa akustik masjid, dan dilakukan tahap optimasi menggunakan perangkat lunak simulasi I-SIMPA jika performa didapatkan belum optimal.

Hasil penelitian didapatkan performa akustik masjid masih berada di bawah standar, baik berdasarkan distribusi suara maupun kualitas akustik ruang dalam itu sendiri. Diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa kinerja akustik ruang dalam masjid dipengaruhi oleh selubung bangunan yang berpori dan juga penggunaan sistem tata suara masjid. Tahap optimasi dilakukan dengan simulasi perangkat lunak I-SIMPA, dengan memodifikasi material sesuai kebutuhan.

 

Kata Kunci:  Kinerja Akustik, Masjid Al-Irsyad Kota Baru Parahyangan, Parameter Objektif, Selubung Berpori, Simulasi I-Simpa.