bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VISUALIZATION OF BIG GEODATA: AN EXPERIMENT WITH DINSAR DEFORMATION TIME SERIES
Authors: Kilsedar C. E. , Frigerio L. , Bonano M. , Bordogna G. , Carrara P. , Imperatore P. , Lanari R. , Manzo M. , Pepe A. , Brovelli M. A.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. This paper describes an experiment carried out within the project “URBAN GEOmatics for Bulk data Generation, Data Assessment and Technology Awareness (URBAN GEO BIG DATA)” on novel technological solutions for encouraging the use of time series of big geodata by scientists, public administrators, and the citizens of urban areas. In this experiment, we focus on fostering the use of ground deformation time series derived through the Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR) measurements in urban areas (i.e., Naples, Milan, and Turin) through visualization. Two visualization applications are developed within the project. First, mean deformation velocity maps are visualized; second, the cumulative deformation time series is animated to enable the comprehension of deformation of eighteen years at a glance. The experiment allows experts and non-experts to discover spatio-temporal patterns of deformation. The paper focuses on the characteristics and implementation details of this experiment. Both visualizations are overlaid on a three-dimensional map, i.e., a virtual globe. We use open standards and free and open source software (FOSS) for Web to enable interoperability, replicability, and reusability.
AN OPEN DROUGHT MONITORING SYSTEM FOR THE DEDURU OYA BASIN IN SRI LANKA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE 4ONSE PROJECT
Authors: Strigaro D. , Cannata M. , Warusavitharana E. , Sudantha B. H. , Ratnayake R.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. During the last decade, many climatic parameters are more and more deviating from the mean values calculated over historical climatic time-series. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) stated that years 2015, 2016 and 2017 were the warmest since 1850. According to the preliminary data analysis of the last year, this trend is going to continue in 2018 as well. These climatic changes have accelerated the occurrence of droughts in many parts of the world including Europe and Asia. The North Western region is one such region in Sri Lanka which always affected by droughts due to its inherent dry weather condition. Although drought is considered as a normal part of the climate, its increasing negative impacts on human activities and the environment urges the application of novel technologies in drought monitoring. The 4onse project (analysis of Open, Non-conventional, Sustainable and Effective monitoring systems), funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), is a project began in this context to address the aforementioned mentioned issues by deploying 27 open technologies based Environmental Monitoring Systems (EMS) in Deduru Oya basin of Sri Lanka. These systems measure weather parameters such as temperature, humidity, pressure, rainfall, wind speed and wind direction. Thanks to the collected data, it was possible to calculate some drought indexes to evaluate the intensity of the dry periods. The Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) has been selected as the principal indicator to evaluate droughts by integrating the 4onse data together with Climate Hazards group Infrared Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) dataset.
OBJECT-BASED IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR HISTORIC MAPS CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Zatelli P. , Gobbi S. , Tattoni C. , La Porta N. , Ciolli M.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Heritage maps represent fundamental information for the study of the evolution of a region, especially in terms of landscape and ecologic features. Historical maps present two kinds of hurdle before they can be used in a modern GIS: they must be geometrically corrected to correspond to the datum in use and they must be classified to exploit the information they contain. This study deals the latter problem: the Historical Cadaster Map, created between 1851 and 1861, for the Trentino region in the North of Italy is available as a collection of maps in the ETRS89/UTM 32N datum. The map is a high resolution scan (230 DPI, 24 bit) of the original map and has been used in several ecological studies, since it provides detailed information not only about land property but also about land use. In the past the cadaster map has been manually digitized and for each area a set of attributes has been recorded. Since this approach is time consuming and prone to errors, automatic and semi-automatic procedures have been tested. Traditional image classification techniques, such as maximum likelihood classification, supervised or un-supervised, pixelwise and contextual, do not provide satisfactory results for many reasons: map colors are very variable within the same area, symbols and characters are used to identify cadaster parcels and locations, lines, drawn by hand on the original map, have variable thickness and colors. The availability of FOSS tools for the Object-based Image Analysis (OBIA) has made possible the application of this technique to the cadaster map. This paper describes the use of GRASS GIS and R for the implementation of the OBIA approach for the supervised classification of the historic cadaster map. It describes the determination of the optimal segments, the choice of their attributes and relevant statistics, and their classification. The result has been evaluated with respect to a manually digitized map using Cohens Kappa and the analysis of the confusion matrix. The result of the OBIA classification has also been compared to the classification of the same map using maximum likelihood classification, un-supervised and supervised, both pixelwise and contextual. The OBIA approach has provided very satisfactory results with the ability to automatically remove the background and symbols and characters, creating a ready to be used classified map. This study highlights the effectiveness of the OBIA processing chain available in the FOSS4G ecosystem, and in particular the added value of the interoperability between GRASS GIS and R.
Magnetic properties of pseudotachylytes, Jämtland, central Sweden
Authors: Bender Hagen , Almqvist Bjarne S. G. , Bergman Amanda , Ring Uwe
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Nappe assembly in the Köli Nappe Complex, Jämtland, Sweden, has been associated with in- and out-of-sequence thrusting. Kinematic data from shear zones bounding the Köli Nappe Complex are compatible with this model, but direct evidence from fault zones internally subdividing the nappe complex does not exist. We studied a series of pseudotachylyte exposures in these fault zones for deciphering the role seismic faulting played in the assembly of the Caledonian nappe pile. To constrain the fault kinematics, microstructural and magnetic fabrics of pseudotachylyte in foliation-parallel fault veins have been investigated. Because the pseudotachylyte veins are thin, we focused on small (c. 0.2 cm3) samples for measuring the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility. The results show inverse proportionality between specimen size and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility degree, which is most likely an analytical artifact related to instrument sensitivity and small sample dimensions. This finding implies magnetic anisotropy results acquired from small specimens demand cautious interpretation. However, analysis of structural and magnetic fabric data indicates that seismic faulting occurred during exhumation into the upper crust but yield no kinematic in-formation. Structural field data suggest that seismic faulting was postdated by brittle E–W extensional deformation along steep normal faults. Therefore, it is likely that the pseudotachylytes formed late during out-of-sequence thrusting of the Köli Nappe Complex over the Seve Nappe Complex.
“Lodged with me useless”: Blindness in John Milton's Sonnet 19 and Infertility in Monica Youn's Blackacre
Authors: Fickling Teri
Published: August 2019

While some scholars have claimed that Milton blocks feminine creativity, others have characterized his attitude toward gender as ambivalent and his self-representation as even possessing gender fluidity. This article examines how a contemporary female poet's strong reading of Milton's Sonnet 19 demonstrates an extensive poetic engagement with what she takes to be Milton's autobiographical expression of his reaction to blindness. Monica Youn's Blackacre meditates on Sonnet 19's end rhymes and uses the legal term for hypothetical land, “blackacre,” as a metaphor for articulating the history of the female body as the unspoken transmitter of the masculinist power structure enshrined in law. Youn transforms Milton's sonnet, merging the ordeal of her infertility with Milton's experience of blindness. In so doing, Youn resituates Sonnet 19 as a vital part of a tradition of feminine creativity, discovering Milton's potential significance for poets negotiating questions of gender and poetic making.
Refining the Sublime: Edward Phillips, a Miltonic Education, and the Sublimity of Paradise Lost
Authors: McDowell Nicholas
Published: August 2019

Edward Phillips is central to our understanding of Milton's life due to his role as lead amanuensis during the composition of Paradise Lost. Yet Milton's nephew has long been considered a failed product of his uncle's educational method. This article recovers the intellectual dimension of Phillips's literary and publishing activities and their neglected place in the reception of Paradise Lost as sublime. Enduring claims that Phillips was a Cavalier renegade to Miltonic principles and inveterate plagiarist are shown to be of less interest than how he can be seen to have applied the methods in which he had been schooled.
Estudio experimental sobre estrategias didácticas innovadoras y tradicionales en la enseñanza de Estudios Sociales
Authors: Díaz Pérez Adolfo Alejandro
Published: August 2019

En los distintos espacios educativos es común hacer referencia a las metodologías innovadoras y a las metodologías tradicionales, máxime en el contexto actual en donde el flamante magisterio está siendo portavoz de cambios en las metodologías didácticas que desde antaño han estado bien enraizadas, particularmente, en la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales. Sin embargo, mientras la lucha entre lo innovador y lo tradicional se agudiza en los espacios de debates educativos, las prácticas pedagógicas tradicionales en el aula de clase permanecen inalterables y, por otra parte, los estudiantes –ahora al margen de los nuevos recursos que brinda la sociedad- aparcan expectantes por otras formas de aprender. A partir de esto, la presente investigación se propuso indagar la opinión del estudiantado acerca de las estrategias didácticas innovadoras y tradicionales, para ello se utilizó un diseño experimental exploratorio y se realizó una intervención didáctica de diez sesiones de clase, a fin de generar un espacio de reflexión entre el profesorado respecto a los retos de la innovación educativa.
Measurement of the Effectiveness of Off-the-Job Training Methods in Commercial Banks of Bangladesh
Authors: Akther Shahin , Tariq Javed , Islam Nazrul
Published: August 2019

Banks and financial institutions of Bangladesh invest a large amount of money for training purposes in building and enhancing capacity of their human resources. But whether this investment is effective or not is a question often asked by the policymakers of these institutions. These institutions usually train their employees by using off-the-job training methods like seminars, workshops, lectures, etc. along with on-the-job training methods to improve the performance of the employees. A lion’s share of training budget is usually used for off-the-job training purposes that add value for the development of knowledge, skills and abilities (KSA) of the employees’. But the effectiveness of these training methods is often questioned due to traditional lecture-based training sessions. To make the employees more attractive to training programs, interactive and value adding training methods can increase the effectiveness of the training. Hence, this paper aims at identifying the factors that can improve the effectiveness of the off-the-job training methods in commercial banks of Bangladesh. This study used both qualitative and quantitative research methods. A survey was conducted among the bank officers who received off-the-job training with structured questionnaire. A total of 300 bank officers at different levels of the banks were interviewed. Eight leading private and public commercial banks were included in the survey. Factor Analysis was used to identify the factors related to the effectiveness of off-the-job training methods while Multiple Regression was used to identify the relationships between the overall effectiveness of the training and the effectiveness factors related to off-the-job training. Results show that the effectiveness of the off-the-job training methods depends on four significant factors such as, acquiring knowledge and skills, logistics support, invitation of comments by the trainers and participation of the trainees, and participation of the trainees in Training Needs Assessment (TNA). This study suggests that off-the-job training methods can be made more effective by ensuring effective delivery of knowledge, providing proper logistics supports, engaging trainees in training sessions, and ensuring participation of the trainees in training need assessment processes of the banks.
Impact of a Neuro-Cognitive Intervention on Students’ Cognitive Functions: Assessments in a Government School Setting in South India
Authors: Bongarala Madhavi , Kumar Shashi , Ross Ronald , Manjunatha R. , Nagaraja N. S. , Jayanna Krishnamurthy
Published: August 2019

Evidence indicates that cognitive deficits can affect students’ performance in schools. An effort to enhance cognitive skills through integration of a neuro-cognitive training called ‘Brighter Minds’, was made in the government schools of South India during 2017-18. 110 students went through a pre and post training evaluation, using a mixed methods study design to assess changes in attention, observation and memory. Tools such as Make a Trail and Stroop test to assess attention, Word Recall and Visual stimulus tests for memory and acustomized tool to assess changes in observation were used. Focus group discussions were conducted to understand teachers’ experience and acceptance of the training. Paired t-tests demonstrated statistically significant gains in all the three cognitive traits. The average time taken to complete the trail tests significantly reduced after the training (Trail A: 59.3 s to 47.5 s; Trail B: 156 s to 120 s. p < 0.001). The average number of correct items read out in the Stroop test improved significantly. More students were able to observe deeper aspects of the test object (23 Vs 40, p < 0.001). On intuition tests, average score of correct observations went up significantly from 6.7 to 9.6 objects. Memory assessments revealed significant improvements in verbal recall (both immediate and delayed) and visual recognition, but marginal improvements in visual retention. The teachers reported changes in student’s motivation, discipline and participation. The training was seamlessly rolled out by the teachers during regular hours and led to improvements in students' cognitive abilities. The cognitive trainings offer promise to complement current efforts in enhance learning outcomes among students.
De brandstichtende erfgenaam moet op de blaren zitten
Authors: de Vries M.
Published: August 2019

De brandstichtende erfgenaam moet op de blaren zitten

X sticht brand in de woning van erflater en wordt daarvoor onherroepelijk strafrechtelijk veroordeeld. Volgens X heeft dit niet tot gevolg dat hij onwaardig is om van erflater te erven. Hij stelt dat geen sprake is van een opzettelijk tegen de erflater gepleegd misdrijf als bedoeld in artikel 4:3 lid 1 sub b BW. Verder doet X een beroep op ondubbelzinnige vergeving en kaart hij zijn verminderde toerekeningsvatbaarheid aan. De rechtbank volgt X niet in zijn betoog en acht hem onwaardig. In deze bijdrage wordt deze uitspraak besproken waarbij in het bijzonder aandacht wordt besteed aan het onderscheid dat volgens de rechtbank moet worden gemaakt tussen een met opzet gepleegd misdrijf en een met opzet tegen de erflater gepleegd misdrijf. De auteur concludeert dat het opzet enkel betrekking heeft op het strafbare feit. Het vereiste dat het misdrijf tegen de erflater moet zijn gepleegd, is aan het opzet onttrokken.
Jak zwiększyć przyczepność stal zbrojeniowa-beton?
Authors: Kucharska Milena
Published: August 2019

The paper analyses the impact of casting
direction of self-compacting concrete (SCC)
on its bond quality to steel reinforcing bars.
Tests were performed on high performance
self-compacting concretes with different
amount of silica fume to cement mass.
Experiment was carried out on 480 mm height
specimens, which allowed determining
changes of bond condition along its height.
The ribbed reinforcing bars have been placed
perpendicularly to the direction of casting.
Casting was performed from two points – from
the bottom and the top of the form. Research
has shown that casting from the bottom of the
form improves bond strength and quality.
Tarcza żelbetowa
Authors: Jakubczyk Marcelina , Nycz Justyna
Published: August 2019

W pracy przedstawiono krótką definicję tarcz
żelbetowych, rozkład naprężeń, zasady
kształtowania otworów drzwiowych i zbrojenia
w tarczach. W części zasadniczej przedstawiono
przypadek utworzenia tarczy żelbetowej
z murowanej ściany poddasza, dzięki czemu
możliwe było usunięcie wewnętrznego
słupa w piwnicy budynku trójkondygnacyjnego.
Tarcza ze ściągiem, do której zostały podwieszone
niższe elementy, pozwoliła osiągnąć
rozpiętość 10 m. Rozwiązanie to porównano
z innymi rozważanymi, takimi jak zastosowanie
belek stalowych lub belki sprężonej.
Metoda DIC
Authors: Marcińczak Dorota
Published: August 2019

DIC (DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION) METHOD IN
THE RESEARCH OF RC BEAMS STRENGTHENED WITH PBOFRCM
MATERIALS. The article presents tests of a reinforced
concrete beam strengthened in a shear with PBO-FRCM composite
materials. Measurement of the deformation of the composite
was carried out using two methods - with strain gauges and the
optical DIC method (Digital Image Correlation). The DIC method
consists in taking a series of photographs of the tested object
before and during loading. The surface of the tested element must
have randomly spaced spots that are applied to the object before
measurement. During the study, the cameras monitor the shifting
of spots against each other, which in comparison to the reference
image before loading gives information about strains and stresses
of the tested element. Measurements of deformation of composite
materials using strain gauges are difficult to clearly analyze,
because the strain gauge is in a specific, limited place, which does
not correspond to the work of the entire composite. In addition,
the strain gauge tends to break at the place of crack. The article
discusses this problem by presenting the results of deformation of
PBO-FRCM composite meshes measured in two mentioned ways,
their comparison and discussion of results.
Konstrukcje wieżowe
Authors: Stępniewski Jan , Dmowska Izabela
Published: August 2019

The tower construction. The purpose of article is to presen the subject matter related to the assessment of the technical condition of existing tower buildings. Such structures are particulary exposed to atmospheric factors accelerating erosion. The purpose of technical opinion or expert opinion is to determinate the safety of further exploitation of the structure based on its effort and to design any reinforcements that will allow further safe use, despite increasing loads, e.g. by installing additional antennas.
Łączenie ścian. Część 1.
Authors: Jasiński Radosław , Galman Iwona
Published: August 2019

W niniejszym artykule zebrano informacje odnośnie do wymogów normowych, procedur obliczeniowych, zaleceń producentów, a także wyników i wniosków z badań doświadczalnych prowadzonych na świecie w temacie dotyczącym zagadnienia połączeń ścian.
JACEK MILER 1964–2018. AN ART HISTORIAN
WHO BECAME A CIVIL SERVANT
Authors: Janiszewska-Jakubiak Dorota
Published: August 2019

Working over 25 years within the changing
organizational structures of the Ministry of Culture and
National Heritage, he actively contributed to the protection
of Polish cultural heritage beyond Poland and the
restitution of Polish art works lost during WW II. He cocreated
museums dedicated to illustrious Poles: to Juliusz
Słowacki in Krements, and to Joseph Conrad – Józef
Korzeniowski in Berdychiv, both in Ukraine, as well as to
Witold Gombrowicz in Vence, France. He focused on the
provision of the institutional system of the preservation of
Polish cultural heritage, involving in elaborating donation
programmes: Protection of the Cultural Heritage Abroad,
Memorial Sites Abroad, Investigation of Polish Wartime
Losses, as well as in the establishment of the permanent
support to Polish émigré institutions protecting national
heritage assets. He participated in the legislative process of the Act on the Restitution of National Cultural Assets of
25 May 2017 and the Act of 12 April 2018 on the
Amendments to the Act on Organizing Cultural Activity
whose provisions allow to support cultural institutions
founded abroad by Polish migrants. As of the mid-1990s,
he was involved in the works of numerous committees and
expert teams dealing with the protection of shared cultural
heritage, e.g. Polish-Belarusian Consultancy Committee
on National Heritage, Intergovernmental Polish-Ukrainian
Committee for the Protection and Return of Goods Lost and
Illegally Displaced during WW II, and the Polish-Lithuanian
Group of Experts for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage.
For his outstanding merits for the protection of Polish
cultural heritage he was awarded many state honours,
medals and prizes, this both during his lifetime and
posthumously.
Highlights of ACRL’s Midwinter Meetings
Authors: Library Association American
Published: August 2019

Highlights of ACRL’s Midwinter Meetings
Continuing Library Education—I
Authors: Werking Richard Hume
Published: August 2019

Continuing Library Education—I
Continuing Library Education—II
Authors: Virgo Julie A.C.
Published: August 2019

Continuing Library Education—II
Continuing Education—V Philosophical Square One—and Holding
Authors: Katz Ruth M.
Published: August 2019

Continuing Education—V Philosophical Square One—and Holding
Analisis pengaruh faktor cuaca terhadap dinamika populasi wereng batang coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) yang tertangkap lampu perangkap
Authors: Sofyan Devied Apriyanto , Koesmaryono Yonny , Hidayati Rini
Published: August 2019

Wereng batang coklat (WBC) merupakan salah satu hama utama tanaman padi yang serangannya menyebabkan penurunan produksi padi. Kelimpahan populasi WBC di pertanaman padi dipengaruhi oleh faktor cuaca. Indikasi awal kelimpahan populasi WBC di pertanaman dapat dilihat dari jumlah WBC yang tertangkap lampu perangkap. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan analisis pengaruh faktor cuaca terhadap dinamika populasi Nilaparvata lugens Stål (wereng batang coklat). Metode analisis yang digunakan untuk melihat pengaruh masing-masing faktor cuaca terhadap dinamika populasi WBC adalah analisis korelasi dan regresi linier berganda. Masalah multikolinearitas antar faktor cuaca yang berpengaruh dianalisis menggunakan metode regresi komponen utama. Curah hujan, kelembaban minimum, dan hari hujan memiliki korelasi kuat terhadap dinamika populasi WBC. Hasil uji subset antara ketiga faktor tersebut menghasilkan pasangan faktor yang terbaik, yaitu hari hujan dan kelembaban minimum. Persamaan regresi antara faktor hari hujan dan kelembaban minimum terhadap populasi WBC cukup baik dalam menggambarkan peningkatan populasi WBC yang seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah hari hujan pada kondisi kelembaban minimum yang fluktuatif di pertanaman.
Keanekaragaman parasitoid dan predator kutu lak (Laccifer lacca Kerr) di KPH Probolinggo Perum Perhutani Unit II, Jawa Timur
Authors: Suheri Mohamad , Haneda Noor Farikhah
Published: August 2019

Kutu lak (Laccifer lacca Kerr) (Homoptera: Kerriidae) merupakan serangga yang hidup secara parasitik pada tanaman inangnya. Serangga tersebut menghasilkan resin alami yang kompak dan tebal, yang menempel pada cabang tanaman tempat hidupnya yang biasa disebut lak. Lak cabang merupakan resin alami dari hasil sekresi serangga L. lacca berupa lapisan tebal lak yang membungkus ranting-ranting tanaman inang. Serangan parasitoid dan predator terhadap kutu lak berdampak langsung pada penurunan produktivitas lak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi parasitoid dan predator yang menyerang kutu lak, dan menghitung tingkat parasitisasi di BKPH Kabuaran dan Taman, KPH Probolinggo, Perum Perhutani Unit II Jawa Timur. Sampel lak cabang diambil dari BKPH Kabuaran dan Taman masing-masing sebanyak 200 sampel lak cabang. Masing-masing lak cabang dimasukkan ke dalam tabung reaksi. Pengamatan parasitoid yang keluar dari lak cabang dilakukan dalam tabung reaksi. Famili parasitoid yang dominan ditemukan, yaitu Aphelinidae, Encyrtidae, dan Eulophidae. Predator yang ditemukan pada kutu lak terdiri atas Famili Lathridiidae (Coleoptera), Cosmopterigidae, dan Noctuidae (Lepidoptera), Nabidae (Hemiptera), serta Chrysopidae (Neuroptera). Jumlah kumulatif parasitoid di lapangan lebih banyak (5.900 individu) dibandingkan dengan di gudang (5.263 individu). Pertambahan individu parasitoid tertinggi dari lapangan dan gudang terjadi pada pengamatan hari ke-7 sampai hari ke-17. Tingkat parasitisasi kutu lak di lapangan dan gudang tergolong tinggi dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 93% dan 96%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kutu lak yang berasal dari lapangan maupun gudang mengalami serangan parasitoid yang sangat tinggi.
Serangga yang berasosiasi dengan puru daun eukaliptus di Sumatra Utara
Authors: Syawaluddin Syawaluddin , Hidayat Purnama , Maryana Nina
Published: August 2019

Tanaman eukaliptus (Eucalyptus spp.) merupakan jenis tanaman yang dibudidayakan di hutan tanaman industri (HTI), untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku industri pulp dan kertas. Salah satu permasalahan dalam budi daya eukaliptus adalah puru daun yang disebabkan oleh serangga dari Ordo Hymenoptera. Puru daun dapat menyebabkan kerusakan daun dan mengganggu pertumbuhan tanaman sehingga kualitas kayu menurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi serangga yang berasosiasi dengan puru daun eukaliptus. Sampel  daun yang bergejala puru diambil di areal HTI eukaliptus sektor Tele yang berada di antara Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan dan Kabupaten Samosir, Sumatra Utara. Identifikasi dilakukan berdasarkan karakter morfologi pada antena, mesosoma dorsal, sayap depan, dan tungkai belakang serangga. Hasil identifikasi mendapatkan tujuh spesies serangga yang berasosiasi dengan puru daun eukaliptus, yaitu Ophelimus eucalypti (Gahan) (Eulophidae) sebagai hama puru daun eukaliptus, Eurytoma sp. Illiger (Eurytomidae), Aprostocetus sp. Westwood, Quadrastichus mendeli Kim & La Salle, Chrysonotomyia germanica (Erdös), dan Closterocerus chamaeleon (Girault) (Eulophidae) yang berperan sebagai parasitoid dan Diplesiostigma bisetosum Boucek (Tetracampidae) yang belum diketahui perannya.
Effects of Pretreatments on the Shelf Life and Quality of Carrots (Daucus carota Subspecies Sativus) Stored at Different Temperatures
Authors: Adeoye Omolara Ojuolape , Adebolu Tinuola Tokunbo , Oladunmoye Muftau Kolawole , O. Ojokoh Anthony
Published: August 2019

Carrot is one of the top ten most important vegetables in the world due to its nutritional contents however, it is highly perishable. One major way to extend its shelf life is to store in the refrigerator but these can only prolong the shelf life for only a few weeks. Therefore, there is the need to research how the shelf life can be extended further. Fresh matured carrots bought from Shasha market in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria were washed with potable water and grouped into 7; each group was subjected to different pretreatment except the 7th group that was left untreated. All the carrot groups were dried in sun for five hours and then packed aseptically into different sterile air tight polyethylene food bags. Each group was replicated and one batch was stored in the refrigerator (4 ± 2°C) while the other batch was stored at room temperature (30 ± 2°C).  At intervals of one week, the samples were monitored for presence of soft rot, wrinkle, weight loss etc.  All carrots stored at 30 ± 2°C got spoiled after first week of storage irrespective of the type of pretreatment they were subjected to. However, pretreated carrots stored at 4 ± 2°C had their shelf life extended with those treated with moringa seed aqueous extract having the best result at 24th week. This work shows that moringa seed aqueous extract can be used to extend the shelf life of carrots stored in the refrigerator.
Comparative Effect of Fungicides against Blast Disease of Rice
Authors: Tuz-Zohura Fatema- , Haque A. H. M. Mahfuzul , Ud-Doullah Md. Asad-
Published: August 2019

Keeping in view the importance of rice blast disease, an experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of the department of Plant Pathology & Seed Science, Sylhet Agricultural University,    and at the field of regional BADC Seed Production farm, Khadimnagar, Sylhet, Bangladesh, to evaluate see health status of the collected samples and effectiveness of fungicides against the blast disease of rice. Treatments viz T1: Edifen 50 EC (Edifenphos), T2: Karisma 28 SC (Azoxystrobin 20% + Cyproconazole 8%), T3:  Nativo 75 WP (Tebuconazole 50% +Trifloxystrobin 25%), T4: Trooper 75WP (Tricyclazole), T5: Stanza 75WP (Imidazole), T6: Amister top (Azoxystobin 20% + Difenoconazole 12.5%), T7: Control (water) were used both in laboratory and field condition. In laboratory, different seed borne fungi, like Aspergillus, Fusarium, Curvularia, Penicillium, Pyricularia, Bipolaris, Alternaria, were detected from the collected seed sample by blotter method.  In the field, treatments were applied as foliar sprays for three times with ten days interval. The lowest blast disease incidence (34.0%), lowest severity (31.6%) was found in T2: Karisma 28 SC treated plots, and gave best result in term of yield (6.3 ton/ha) in comparison to other treatments. The results of the present studies suggested that use of Karisma 28 SC is the best choice against rice blast with lowest disease incidence and highest yield.
Empirical Antibiotic Prescription Pattern among Patients in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital, is There Evidence of Irrationality?
Authors: Paul Onah Otor , Abdulmalik Ahmed
Published: August 2019

Background: Resistance to antibiotics is spreading rapidly around the world with its associated morbidity and mortality. Infections are becoming increasingly difficult to treat resulting in increased cost of medical care. In low income countries with high infectious disease burden, antibiotic resistance is reported to be accelerated by irrational prescriptions in health facilities. In the absence of adequate resources, many clinicians engage in empirical antibiotic prescriptions some of which their appropriateness is questionable. There is need for laboratory evidence to justify empirical antibiotic use in the light of increasing resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics.

Aims: This study aims to determine empirical antibiotic prescription pattern and to determine rationality using resistance profile of common bacterial isolates in hospitals.

Methods: Antibiotic prescriptions in the NHIS department and antibiogram records were obtained from pharmacy and laboratory records respectively. Analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics and comparison between antibiotics prescribed and their respective resistance pattern were compared to determine rationality.

Results and Discussion: The Penicillins and Quinolones were the most prescribed class of antibiotics and resistance range between 30 – 90% and 3 – 23% respectively. Resistance to other antibiotics was high thus making empirical prescriptions irrational in most of the cases. These findings have been consistently reported in several studies so widespread empirical antibiotic prescriptions are not in tandem with principles of rational drug use.

Conclusion: Antibiotic resistance is common among hospital isolates, so there is need to emphasize that prescriptions be based on laboratory evidence of microbial sensitivity.
Socio Demographic Distribution of Ocular Axial Length in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Aprioku I. N. , Adio A. O. , Ejimadu C. S. , Fiebai B.
Published: August 2019

Aim: To determine the socio demographic distribution of ocular axial length (AL) for use in estimating intraocular lens power, detect abnormal values and possibly associate them with pathological conditions.         

Methods: This is a community based descriptive study carried out in Port Harcourt City LGA, Nigeria of subjects 18 years of age or older and with Visual Acuity > 6/18. The major ethnic/linguistic groups in Rivers state are Ikwerre, Ogoni, Ekpeye Kalabari, Okrika, Ogba, Igbani, Obolo and Etche. Socio demographic data was obtained through a proforma. Ocular examinations done included visual acuity, applanation tonometry, and ophthalmoscopy. Axial length (AL) was measured using Amplitude (A) scan ultrasonography (SONOMED PACSCAN 300AP). Data analysis was by SPSS (Version 17), and p value was set at ≤ 0.05.

Results: Four hundred and sixty six (466) subjects participated in the study made up of two hundred and twelve (212) males (45.5%) and two hundred and fifty four (254) females (54.5%) with M: F ratio of 1:1.2. The age range was 18-92 years and mean age of the subjects studied 43.0±14.2 years. Findings revealed mean AL to be 23.2±1.0 mm which was greater in males than females. The longest mean AL in males was seen among age group 51 and 60 years and that for females was seen in age group 41 and 50 years after which in both gender there was noticed to be a decline in mean axial lengths. There was no statistically significant relationship between age and axial length. Axial length was found to be longer in subjects with higher level of education and this pattern was statistically significant.

Conclusion: AL was significantly longer in males and has a positive relationship with the level of education of the study population. The longest mean AL in males was seen among age group 51 and 60 years and that for females was seen in age group 41 and 50 years after which in both gender there was noticed to be a decline in mean axial lengths.
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Metastatic to the Breast: Case Report
Authors: Halim Amal , M. Ibrahim Eman , El-saeed Fatma I. , Elgalil Enas A. Abd , Halim Hosam
Published: August 2019

Aims: To spot the light on metastatic tumors to the breast which represent only 0.5-1.5% of breast malignancies to avoid misdiagnosis as primary breast tumors. 

Presentation of the Case: 45-year-old female was referred to the Oncology Department of Meet Ghmmr Oncology Center in November 2017 after total thyroidectomy followed by cervical lymph node dissection for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) 1 year ago at Oncology Center Mansoura University. The panel recommended postoperative radiotherapy. One month after the end of radiotherapy, she complained of frequent headache attacks and abdominal pain. CT was done in February 2018 revealed metastasis to the brain, lung, liver and ovaries. After the fifth cycle of chemotherapy, a progressively enlarging left breast mass appeared, that proved to be metastatic MTC.

Discussion: MTC is a neuroendocrine tumor of the thyroid gland. Breast is an unusual metastatic site for MTC. Consequently, breast masses should be evaluated with caution, especially in the presence of a known primary malignancy. Histopathologic examination is the key diagnostic tool.

Conclusion: Metastasis to the breast should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a breast mass in a patient with a past history of MTC. Histopathologic examination and proper panel of immunohistochemical markers are fundamental for diagnosis to prevent unneeded surgery.
Anthropometric Parameters Affecting Ocular Axial Length in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
Authors: Aprioku I. N. , Adio A. O. , Ejimadu C. S. , Fiebai B.
Published: August 2019

Aim: To determine the anthropometric parameters affecting ocular axial length in Niger Delta region of Nigeria.    

Methods: This was a community based descriptive study carried out in Port Harcourt City LGA, Nigeria using a multistage random sampling technique. Inclusion criteria were Visual Acuity > 6/18, age greater than 18 years and no history of past ocular surgeries or trauma. Socio demographic data was obtained through an interviewer based proforma and included age, sex and tribe. Anthropometric parameters were measured using a standard height and weight automated scale (SECA 769,220). Ocular examinations done included visual acuity, applanation tonometry, and ophthalmoscopy. Axial length (AL) was measured using Amplitude (A) scan ultrasonography (SONOMED PACSCAN 300AP). Data obtained from one eye of the subjects were analyzed using SPSS (Version 17), and P value was set at ≤ .05.

Results: The study was made up of two hundred and twelve (212) males (45.5%) and two hundred and fifty four (254) females (54.5%) with M: F ratio of 1:1.2 giving a total of four hundred and sixty six (466) subjects. The age range was 18-92 years and mean age of the subjects studied 43.0±14.2 years. Findings revealed mean AL, Height and Weight to be (23.2±1.0 mm), (162.5±9 cm) and (70.5±14.8 kg) respectively. The mean AL was greater in males than females. There was a statistically significant relationship between height and AL in both gender with AL increasing by 0.035mm (p=0.001, r=0.261) with one centimeter change in height in males and 0.025 mm (p=0.001, r=0.2680) in females. There was also a statistically significant (0.009 mm) increase in AL per one kilogram change in weight in females (p=0.0001, r=0.188).

Conclusion: This study noted that there are significant relationships between AL and height and weight respectively. This could add to the data bank for AL in the country and form a basis for identifying deviations from the normal, for further research.
Analyzing the Impact of Agricultural Landownership on Poverty and Food Security in Sri Lanka: A Household Level Econometric Analysis
Authors: Deyshappriya N. P. Ravindra
Published: August 2019

Aims: This study examined the impact of agricultural landownership on poverty and food security in Sri Lanka. The current study enriches the literature by extending traditional two way poverty classification into four groups: Extremely Poor, Poor, Vulnerable Non-Poor and Non-Poor and quantifies the impact of agricultural landownership on each type of poverty. Similarly, the impact of agricultural landownership on food security is was also estimated considering the four types of food security such as, Extremely Food Insecure, Food Insecure, Vulnerable to Food Insecure and Food Secure, based on Minimum Dietary Energy Requirements.

Methodology: The analysis is was based on the secondary data from the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) of Sri Lanka. Ordered Probit Models were estimated to examine the impacts of agricultural landownership on poverty and food security to accomplish the objectives of the study.

Results: The results highlighted that the probability of being non-poor of the households with agriculture land is was higher by 6.42% compared to the households without agricultural lands. Similarly, having agriculture land also reduces the probability of being extremely poor, poor and vulnerable to poverty by 0.1%, 2.2% and 4.1% respectively. In addition, the empirical findings indicated that ownership of agricultural land lessens the probability of being extremely food insecure (0.8%), food insecure (1.4%) and vulnerable to food insecure (0.7%). Moreover, the probability of being food secured of thefor households with agricultural lands is was higher by 0.9% compared to the households without agricultural lands.

Conclusion: Therefore, the study emphasized the significance of agricultural landownership to mitigate the poverty and food insecurity which ultimately enhances the household wellbeing. Hence, the current study strongly recommends implementing appropriate policies to address land-right related issues faced by developing countries ensuring long term wellbeing of the households.
ANALISA IMPLEMENTASI FOOD WASTE MANAGEMENT DI RESTORAN ‘X’ SURABAYA
Authors: Siaputra Hanjaya , Christianti Nadya , Amanda Grace
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah food waste serta tahap operasional restoran yang berkontribusi paling besar dalam menghasilkan food waste. Hal ini dikarenakan melihat adanya fakta bahwa food waste dapat ditemui dimana saja dan telah menjadi masalah yang tidak dapat dihindari oleh penyedia food service. Dalam penelitian ini, objek yang digunakan peneliti adalah Restoran ‘X’ di Surabaya dengan tipe family style restaurant. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi serta triangulasi metode dan sumber. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa food waste Restoran ‘X’ melampaui batas normal ((41%), yaitu sebesar 48,77%. Tahap yang memberikan kontribusi terbesar terhadap food waste Restoran “X” adalah tahap receiving, storing, dan production
ATRIBUT-ATRIBUT YANG DINILAI PENTING OLEH WISATAWAN DOMESTIK DAN WISATAWAN CINA DALAM MEMILIH HOTEL DI BALI
Authors: Saksana Alexandra Carina , Thio Sienny
Published: August 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi atribut-atribut yang dinilai penting oleh wisatawan domestik maupun wisatawan Cina dalam memilih hotel di Bali. Sebanyak 598 kuesioner dikumpulkan dan hanya 565 kuesioner diolah lebih lanjut dengan menggunakan analisa statistik deskriptif. Hasil dari studi ini menunjukkan bahwa atribut kamar seperti kamar dan kamar mandi yang bersih serta ketersediaan amenities merupakan atribut yang dianggap paling penting bagi wisatawan Indonesia dan wisatawan Cina, diikuti dengan atribut keseluruhan (seperti reputasi, lokasi dan harga kamar), atribut layanan dan fasilitas (seperti ketersediaan wifi, staf hotel yang sopan dan ramah) dan atribut makanan dan minuman (seperti kualitas makanan yang baik dan harga makanan yang terjangkau). Bagi wisatawan Cina, lokasi hotel yang aman dan kamar hotel yang bersih menjadi indikator yang dianggap paling penting ketika memilih hotel di Bali. Sedangkan bagi wisatawan Indonesia, kebersihan kamar hotel dan kamar mandi dianggap sebagai aspek yang paling penting
Depersonalization‐ and derealization‐like phenomena of epileptic origin
Authors: Heydrich Lukas , Marillier Guillaume , Evans Nathan , Seeck Margitta , Blanke Olaf
Published: August 2019

Objective

Depersonalization refers to the sensation of being detached from one’s body, often associated with feelings of loss of control over one’s own body, actions, or thoughts. Derealization refers to the altered perception of one’s surroundings that is experienced as unreal. Although usually reported by psychiatric patients suffering from depression or anxiety, single case reports and small case series have described depersonalization‐ and derealization‐like symptoms in the context of epilepsy.

Methods

We investigated the brain mechanisms of ictal depersonalization– and derealization like symptoms by analyzing clinical and neuropsychological data as well as the epileptogenic zone based on a multimodal approach in a group of patients reporting depersonalization‐ (n = 9) and derealization‐like symptoms (n = 7), from a single presurgical epilepsy center with focal epilepsy. We compared them with a group of control patients with experiential phenomena due to temporal lobe epilepsy (n = 28).

Results

We show that all patients with ictal depersonalization‐like symptoms report altered self‐identification with their body and mostly suffer from frontal lobe epilepsy with the epileptogenic zone in the dorsal premotor cortex, while patients with derealization‐like symptoms suffer from temporal lobe epilepsy. This finding is supported by post‐ictal neuropsychological deficits, showing that depersonalization‐like symptoms were significantly more often associated with frontal lobe dysfunction as compared to the control patients and patients with derealization‐like symptoms.

Conclusion

We argue that depersonalization of epileptic origin constitutes a distinct disorder due to frontal lobe epilepsy. We discuss these findings with respect to earlier accounts of depersonalization and the recent concept of bodily self‐consciousness.
Fibromyalgia Assessment Screening Tools (FAST) Based on Only Multidimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire (MDHAQ) Scores as Clues to Fibromyalgia
Authors: Schmukler Juan , Jamal Shakeel , Castrejon Isabel , Block Joel A , Pincus Theodore
Published: August 2019

Objective

The study was designed to develop fibromyalgia assessment screening tool (FAST) indices based only on multidimensional health assessment questionnaire (MDHAQ) scores as clues to fibromyalgia (FM), analyzed for possible agreement with the 2011 FM criteria.

Methods

All patients with all diagnoses complete an MDHAQ at each visit in routine care. The MDHAQ includes scores for physical function, pain, global assessment, fatigue, self‐report painful joint count, and a 60‐symptom checklist. MDHAQ items similar or identical to the 2011 FM criteria symptom severity scale (SSS) and widespread pain index (WPI) components of a polysymptomatic distress scale (PSD) were compiled into continuous MDHAQ‐FM‐SSS, MDHAQ‐FM‐WPI, and MDHAQ‐FM‐PSD indices. Ten candidate MDHAQ scores were analyzed against the 2011 FM criteria using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlations, kappa statistics, and receiver operating characteristic curves for the area under the curve (AUC). MDHAQ candidate variables with the highest AUC were compiled into cumulative MDHAQ‐FAST indices of three (FAST3) or four (FAST4) scores.

Results

The highest AUCs among MDHAQ scores were seen for symptom checklist, painful joint count, fatigue, and pain, which are included in FAST4; FAST3‐F excludes pain, and FAST3‐P excludes fatigue. AUCs for FAST3‐P, FAST3‐F, and FAST4, as well as continuous MDHAQ‐FM scores, all were greater than 0.92, indicating excellent criterion validity. Kappa statistics versus the 2011 criteria were 0.63‐0.68, higher than 0.41‐0.47 versus physician ICD‐10 diagnoses.

Conclusion

Pragmatic FAST3, FAST4, and MDHAQ‐FM indices are similar to FM criteria to screen for FM in routine care. It is more feasible to collect the same MDHAQ, which is informative in all rheumatic diseases studied, from each patient than to ask different patients with different diagnoses to complete different questionnaires.