bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Frequency of Intraventricular Haemorrhage (IVH) in Early Preterm Neonates Born at DHQ Teaching Hospital Gujranwala
Authors: Azher Abbas Shah  , Saima Umar  , Aysha Ghayyur  , Muhammad Arsalan Cheema  , Zulfiqar Ali  , Saqib Meraj Aslam Bajwa  , Saman Shahid  , Syed Shahzad Hussain
Published: May 2024

Objective:  The reported frequency of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm neonates varied greatly. We determined the frequency of IVH in premature neonates in the pediatric unit of DHQ Hospital Gujranwala.
Materials & Methods:  This cross-sectional study involved 282 very low birth weight neonates (birth weight <1500 gm.) delivered very preterm (gestational age <32 weeks). These neonates were assessed for intraventricular hemorrhage which was diagnosed on cranial ultrasound performed on 3rd day of life. The frequency of IVH was compared across various attributing factors i.e., gestational age at delivery, gender, birth weight, mode of delivery, and maternal antenatal steroids.
Results:  The mean gestational age at delivery was 27.5±2.3 weeks while the mean birth weight was 1120.5±190.2 grams. 172 (61.0%) neonates were delivered vaginally while C-section was performed in 110 (39.0%) cases. 263 (93.3%) mothers received antenatal steroids. Intraventricular hemorrhage was diagnosed in 64 (22.7%) early preterm neonates. The frequency of IVH increased significantly with increasing prematurity; 24-27 weeks vs. 28-31 weeks (28.9% vs. 17.0%; p-value=0.017), decreasing birth weight; <1 kg vs. ?1kg (31.8% vs. 18.6%; p-value=0.014) and lack of antenatal steroids (52.6% vs. 20.5%; p-value=0.001).
Conclusion:  The intraventricular hemorrhage was observed in 22.7% of early preterm neonates which advocates routine screening of preterm neonates for IVH so that timely identification and anticipated management may improve the outcome of such neonates. We also identified increasing prematurity, decreasing birth weight, and lack of antenatal steroids as potential attributing factors that can be used for risk stratification and management planning of such cases.
Map Work
Authors: Schoeman Thea
Published: May 2024

Maps are part of daily life – from finding your way via Google Maps to monitoring the Sustainable Development Goals. Maps are frequently used to convey important information and relationships. In today’s modern world, maps are more diverse and accessible than ever before and mapwork is becoming an important skill to function effectively in society. There can be no geography without maps, and knowledge, skills and competency acquired in map work facilitate effective learning of other aspects of geography. This textbook introduces you to the fascinating world of map work. Whether you are a novice or experienced user of topographical and orthophoto maps, this book is your gateway to understanding the concepts of map work. It is structured to provide you with a solid foundation in the basic elements of maps, including scale, symbols, projections, absolute and relative location, magnetic declination, how to calculate distance and area on a map, and many more. Discover the various types of maps and understand their unique purposes and applications, and what information is presented as marginal information. Develop the skills to interpret and analyse maps effectively, and at the same time making the connections between theory and practice. Last, but not least, this textbook also introduces the basic concepts of geographical information systems (GIS).
REVIEW : TANAMAN YANG BERKHASIAT MENURUNKAN ANTIHIPERTENSI
Authors: Muhammad Chandra
Published: May 2024

Hipertensi merupakan peningkatan tekanan darah yang tidak normal, baik itu tekanan darah sistolik (TDS) maupun tekanan darah diastolik (TDD) yang menjadi salah satu penyebab kematian terbanyak di dunia. Pasien dapat dikatakan menderita hipertensi apabila memiliki tekanan darah sistolik/diastolik lebih dari 140/90 mmHg. Tanaman tradisional memiliki berbagai kandungan kimia yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pengobatan alternatif untuk menurunkan tekanan darah. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui beberapa tanaman tradisional yang mamp dimanfaatkan untuk menurunkan tekanan darah. Artikel ini disusun dengan mencari data acuan dalam beberapa jurnal yang tersedia pada situs internet. Beberapa tanaman yang ditemukan memiliki aktivitas sebagai agen antihipertensi adalah Apium graveolens, Persea americana, Morinda citrifolia, Mangifera indica, dan Averrhoa bilimbi.
FORMULASI DAN UJI EFEKTIVITAS SEDIAAN KRIM EKSTRAK DAUN KELOR (Moringaoleifera) TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN LUKA BAKAR PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (Rattus novergicus)
Authors: Ardiani Rani
Published: May 2024

Burns are iinjuries ito ithe iskin ior iother iorganic itissue imainly icaused iby iheat ior idue ito iradiation, ifriction ior icontact iwith ichemicals. i iOne iof ithe iplants ithat ihave ithe ipotential ias ia iburn itreatment iis iMoringa ileaves. i iIn iMoringa i(Moringaoleifera) ileaves, iflavonoid ichemical icompounds ican iact idirectly ias iantibiotics iby iinterfering iwith ithe ifunction iof imicroorganisms isuch ias iburns. Objective to idetermine ithe imost ieffective iconcentration iof iMoringa i(Moringaoleifera) ileaf iethanol iextract ifor ihealing iburns iin imale iwhite irats. Methodirats ithat ihave ibeen ianesthetized iwith ilidocaine imuscularly. i Wounds iin rats iwere imade iby iattaching ia iheated i1 ix i1 icm istainless iplate. i iOn ithe ibacks iof irats iwhose ifur ihas ibeen ishaved iand iaffixed ito ithe iplate ifor i30 iseconds ito iform iblisters ior iburns, ithen ithe ipositive icontrol iconcentration igroup iis iapplied iwith ibioplacenton, ithe inegative icontrol iis ismeared iwith icream ibase, iand ithe itest igroup iis ismeared iwith iconcentrated iMoringa ileaf iextract icream i5%, i10% iand i.15%. i iThe ismearing iof iall itreatment igroups iwas icarried iout ievenly i3 itimes ievery iday, iobserving ichanges iin iburns ifor i14 idays. \
Results ithere iwas ia ireduction iin iburn ilength iat ieach iconcentration. i iThe ipositive icontrol ishowed ithe ifastest ireduction ievery iday ibecause iit icontained placenta extract and neomycin sulfate, in the negative control the wound healing was quite long from the wound diameter because it only used a cream base that did not contain nutritious substances. And at a concentration of 15% faster in the wound healing process. Conclusion:Moringa leaf ethanol extract at a concentration of 15% was the most effective in healing burns in male white rats compared to concentrations of 5% and 10%.
FORMULASI SEDIAAN GEL EKSTRAK ETANOL UMBI DAHLIA ( Dahlia variabilis )TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Stapylococcus aureus PENYEBAB INFEKSI KULIT
Authors: Harnis Zola Efa
Published: May 2024

Dahlia tubers (Dahlia variabilis) are plants that are often found in the higglands. The content in Dahlia tubers is able to inhibit microbial growth. The compound content of Dahlia tubers includes alkaloids, flavaanoids, sapnonins and tannins. One of the diseases caused by microbes is a skin infection. The purpose of this study was to make a gel preparation from the ethanolic extract of dahlia bulbs and to test whether the formulation was able to inhibit the growth of Stapylococcus aureus bacteria at concentrations of 4%, 6% and 8%. The extraction used in this research is the maceration method with 96% ethanol as solvent. Evaluation test of gel preparations and antibacterial activity test by discdiffusion method. Then the one way ANOVA test was carried out. The results showed different result in each formulation. Based on the average results of the antibacterial activity test, the inhibition zones of F) were 17,0 mm, F1 18,13 mm, F2 was 19,73 mm, and F3 8,23 mm. The results of this study conuluded that the extraction of Dahlia tubers had antibacterial activity due to the presence of an inhibitory zone around the paper disc in a petri dish. Further research needs to be done with other methods.
A FORMULATION OF HAND BODY LOTIO FORMULATION OF HAND BODY LOTION EXTRACT ethanol from lily leaves (Crinum asiaticum L.) AS A SKIN MOISTURIZER
Authors: Barus Bunga Rimta
Published: May 2024

Lily leaves (Crinum asiaticum L.) have bioactivity as antioxidants and contain chemical compounds such as glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and triterpenoids. This study aims to formulate daffodil leaf extract into a hand body lotion dosage form and observe the effectiveness on volunteer skin for 4 weeks. This research was conducted experimentally. Samples were taken from daffodil leaves (Crinum asiaticum L.), then extracted by maceration with 96% ethanol and concentrated using a rotary evaporator.  The ethanol extract of daffodil leaves was formulated with concentrations of 5%, 8% and 11%. The preparation evaluation test includes homogeneity, organoleptic, pH, emulsion type, irritation test, and effectiveness test of the preparation to moisturize the skin. The results showed that the ethanol extract of daffodil leaves could be used to make homogeneous grated emulsion preparations which were stable during 4 weeks of storage, pH 7.52-7.25, oil-in-water emulsion type and did not disappear. Any hand cream product that contains narcissus leaf ethanol can increase skin moisture. The composition of the most effective hand and body cream in the treatment of dry skin is a preparation with a concentration of 11% ethanol extract of lily leaves, which increases skin healing by 40.35% and is applied to the skin within 1 month.
Uji Efektivitas Formulasi Sediaan Lipstik Menggunakan Bahan Pewarna Alami Dari Ekstrak Etanol Gambir (Uncaria Gambir (Hunteri)Roxb.) Dan Ekstrak Etanol Buah Stroberi (Fragaria Vesca).
Authors: Simorangkir Delisma , Puspita Rika , Harnis Zola Efa
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Lipstick is a form of lip coloring preparation which is a cosmetic preparation used to color the lips, to improve aesthetics in facial make-up. Lipstick preparations are available in various forms such as liquid, crayon, liptin, lipbam and cream. Lipstick consists of a coloring agent dispersed in a carrier made from a mixture of wax and oil, in such a composition as to provide the desired melting temperature and viscosity. The aim of the research is to determine the physical stability of lipstick preparations made from gambier extract and strawberry fruit extract as coloring agents. Sampling was carried out using a purposive sampling method, namely a random sampling methodology. The samples used were Gambir (Uncaria Gambir (Hunteri) Roxb.) and Ethanol Extract of Strawberries (Fragaria Vesca). then extracted by maceration using 96% ethanol solvent, concentrated by rotary. The combination of gambier ethanol extract and strawberry ethanol extract was formulated with a concentration of F1: 5%:5%, F2 :10%:10%. F315%:15%. Examination of the quality of the preparation includes organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, irritation, preference and continues with statistical analysis tests using One Way Anova. The results of normality tests with the Shapiro-Wilk test and homogeneity test, produce a value for each data > 0.05, so the data is normally distributed. The results of the One Way Anova test for each formulation group showed that the Sig value was <0.05, so the formulations had a significant difference.
UPAYA MENGOPTIMALKAN EDUKASI SWAMEDIKASI DIARE PADA ANAK DI DESA RIMO MUNGKUR KECAMATAN NAMORAMBE KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Sembiring Pintata
Published: May 2024

Background: Self-medication is the selective use of modern and traditional medicine by individuals to treat disease. The pharmacist's role in this case is very important to ensure that patients receive appropriate, effective and safe medication and treatment in accordance with therapeutic goals. Aim: This service is to change people's mindset and perspective so that patients can better respond to information about children's diarrhea which can be done by themselves using the Cross-diarrhea Treatment Guidelines. Method: This service takes the form of Health Education in the pharmaceutical sector using a cross-sectional design method that explores risk factors and effects through an observational approach or collecting data at the same time. Results: This study shows that post-service patient knowledge about treating diarrhea in children and self-medication for diarrhea in children is superior in terms of correct use of medication, and in terms of correct and correct use of medication in daily life the patient has carried it out correctly. . Conclusion: The role of pharmacists regarding the suitability of self-medication for diarrhea using the Cross Diarrhea Guidelines is positive in providing knowledge and lessons for posyandu mothers in Rimo Mungkur Village, Namorambe District
VISÃO DAS GESTANTES SOBRE A IMPORTÂNCIA DO PRÉ-NATAL ODONTOLÓGICO NOS PSFs DE CHOROZINHO-CE
Authors: Pimentel Nayane , Pimentel da Costa Hugo , Guedes Lima Maria Vandia , Pinheiro Cavalcante Antônia Francieuda , Barros Pereira Rosiane , Da Silva Lemos Ana Beatriz da Silva Lemos , Paiva Francisca Pereira , Sávio Rocha Cavalcante Júnior Danilo , Acioly Guedes Francisco Valdemy , Leite Alves Francisca Gleiciane
Published: May 2024

No início, a saúde no Brasil estava voltada a prática de ações curativas que se faziam ineficientes diante das necessidades da população. Entretanto, com a criação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), essa desigualdade visualizada na assistência à saúde em anos anteriores fosse alterada, e fizesse com que a Equipe de Saúde Bucal passasse a fazer parte do acompanhamento das gestantes durante o pré-natal, estimulando uma prevenção precoce durante esse período. Porém, mesmo com essa adesão, a busca pelo atendimento ainda é limítrofe, justificando esse estudo no qual buscou elencar os possíveis motivos que levam as gestantes a não adesão ao pré-natal odontológico. Para isso, para obtenção de dados, foi realizado uma pesquisa por meio de um questionário semiestruturado abordando os possíveis motivos para a não adesão a esse serviço. Os dados obtidos foram convertidos em porcentagens e para verificar sua significância, foram importados para o Jamovi. A partir dos resultados foi percebido que não é a falta de informação que proporciona uma baixa procura pelo acompanhamento odontológico pelas gestantes, mas sim os preconceitos, mitos e incertezas sobre o que os procedimentos realizados poderiam gerar na gestação. Além disto, ficou evidenciado que não existe uma relação significativa do nível de escolaridade e busca pelo tratamento odontológico durante o período gestacional, mostrando mais ainda que o processo de desmistificação é necessário, sendo preciso um enfoque maior de políticas públicas para auxiliar esse grupo para que se possa alcançar resultados satisfatórios e uma maior adesão a esse serviço.
DEPLOYMENT OF ENHANCED DEEP LEARNING MODEL WITH THE BEST ESTIMATORS ON OPTIMIZERS AND ACTIVATION FUNCTIONS FOR HEALTHCARE IN WEB APPLICATION
Authors: Elluru Sai Harshitha  , K. Vijayalakshmi
Published: May 2024

Breast cancer and brain tumor stand as leading global causes of mortality. Brain tumor uses Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) which offers superior clarity in visualizing brain structures compared to other imaging modalities, while Breast cancer uses ultrasonography (US) serves as a common tool for detecting breast cancer despite its inherent limitations in image quality. Motion artifacts frequently hinder MRI scans, necessitating skilled radiologists for accurate interpretation. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems driven by artificial intelligence, present a promising solution by consistently assisting radiologists in analyzing US images. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) leverage various optimizers like Adam and Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), RMSprop, Adagrad, and Adadelta as well as activation functions including PReLu, LeakyReLu, Elu, and ReLu for their construction and training. The comparative analysis highlights the importance of optimizers and activation functions in deep learning algorithms for predicting brain tumors and breast cancer. The Adam optimizer combined with the ReLU activation function achieved an accuracy of 85% for breast cancer prediction, while RMSprop combined with ReLU activation function achieved a higher accuracy of 93% for brain tumor classification. From this research, considerable deep learning configurations are identified for both breast cancer and brain tumor prediction, facilitating more precise and efficient diagnoses. The comparative analysis provides valuable insights for those involved in medical imaging applications. Furthermore, The CNN model is deployed in web interface using flask framework to streamline the integration of these models into healthcare systems. This interface simplifies the input of medical data including image data and provides real-time predictions.
KEYWORDS—Convolutional neural networks, Comparative Analysis, Activation functions, Optimizers, Ultrasound images, MRI images, Breast cancer, Brain tumor, medical imaging applications, FLASK.
Reflexiones sobre la inclusión educativa: un reto en la formación inicial de docentes de ciencias naturales
Authors: Castro-Castillo Diana Carolina , Tuay Sigua Rosa Nidia
Published: May 2024

La inclusión educativa es un proceso que permite a todas las personas, independientemente de sus diferencias, acceder a una educación de calidad que garantice su desarrollo personal y académico, y su participación en la sociedad. Uno de los retos más significativos de esta política es contar con maestros cualificados que adapten sus estrategias de enseñanza a las necesidades individuales de los estudiantes para generar ambientes escolares acogedores y respetuosos de la diversidad. Este artículo busca dar a conocer el estado actual de la formación inicial de maestros de ciencias naturales para atender la inclusión educativa.  Para ello, se realizó un estudio de corte interpretativo que tuvo en cuenta tres fuentes de información: los planes de estudio de algunos programas de licenciatura, los reportes de investigación empírica sobre la temática y las consideraciones de maestros de ciencias en ejercicio que acompañan procesos de inclusión en escuelas de la ciudad de Bogotá. Entre los resultados del estudio, se encontró que los asuntos de inclusión comienzan a tener un lugar destacado en las reflexiones que se realizan en los contextos de formación inicial de maestros.  Sin embargo, en el campo de la educación en ciencias se requiere una mayor apropiación de estos conceptos para configurar comunidades más inclusivas en la que todos los sujetos tengan las mismas oportunidades de acceder a la construcción de conocimiento científico escolar. La investigación se desarrolla en el marco de una estancia posdoctoral en educación de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional.
IMPLEMENTASI DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PENGELOLAAN PASAR RAKYAT BERSTATUS STANDAR NASIONAL INDONESIA (SNI) DI KABUPATEN SITUBONDO
Authors: Subroto Tantri Wulandari , Hani Evita Soliha , Rokhani Rokhani
Published: May 2024

Penerapan SNI pasar rakyat di Indonesia masih sangat minim, dari 5.252 pasar rakyat yang telah direvitalisasi hanya ada 35 pasar yang lolos mendapatkan SNI. Kabupaten Situbondo sebagai kabupaten dengan penerap SNI terbanyak di Jawa Timur sebanyak 3 pasar diantaranya pasar Kapongan, pasar Mangaran dan pasar Curah Kalak, namun dalam implementasinya masih banyak yang belum sesuai dengan peraturan yang ada. Tujuan penelitian antara lain (1) menganalisis tingkat kesesuaian implementasi pasar rakyat dengan SNI pasar rakyat 2021, (2) mengidentifikasi atribut pelayanan yang memiliki nilai gap negatif dari persepsi pedagang dan pembeli, (3) merumuskan alternatif dan menetapkan prioritas strategi yang sesuai dan dapat direkomendasikan untuk pengembangan pengelolaan pasar rakyat di Kabupaten Situbondo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa untuk (1) menghadapi resertifikasi penilaian kesesuaian perlu dilakukan dengan mengacu pada SNI pasar rakyat 2021 sehingga pasar rakyat berstatu SNI di Kabupaten Situbondo dinyatakan belum masuk kategori mutu pasar tipe 4. (2)Tingkat kepuasan masyarakat adalah terdapat 13 atribut dari penilaian pedagang dan 7 atribut dari penilaian pembeli yang dinilai tidak memuaskan.(3) Strategi prioritas perbaikan melalui integrasi SERVQUAL dan model kano mendapatkan 11 atribut dari persepsi pedagang dan 8 dari persepsi pembeli harus di tingkatkan.
Preservice Teachers’ Perceptions of AI in Education
Authors: Chung Chia-Jung
Published: May 2024

This study explores the integration of generative AI tools into multiple-subject and single-subject teaching credential courses at California State University Sacramento during the Fall 2023 and Spring 2024 semesters. The study involved 210 teacher candidates per semester, most of whom had no prior experience with AI in education. Through a series of AI-focused assignments and a survey, the study investigated preservice teachers' perceptions, experiences, and concerns regarding the use of AI tools in educational settings.
The assignments aimed to introduce AI tools, encourage experimentation, and facilitate discussions on the potential benefits and challenges of AI in education. The survey results revealed that a significant majority of participants (88.9%) used generative AI tools for personal learning or teaching preparation, with 92% using text generators like ChatGPT. However, opinions were mixed regarding the adoption of AI in future classrooms, with 49% in favor, 41.2% uncertain, and 9.8% opposed. Key concerns included overreliance on technology and ethical issues.
The study concludes that while preservice teachers show enthusiasm for experimenting with AI tools and acknowledge their potential to enhance learning experiences, there is a need for ongoing training and support to ensure ethical and effective implementation. The findings suggest that incorporating AI assignments into the curriculum can provide valuable experiences and prepare preservice teachers for the growing role of AI in education.
ON THE ISSUE OF DETERMINING THE PRINCIPLES OF FORMING AN ECONOMIC MODEL OF A LIGHT INDUSTRY ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Russian State University named after A. N. Kosygin (Technology. Design. Art)”, Moscow, Russia, Peschnikova Alexandra R. , Oleneva Olga S. ,   Russian State University named after A. N. Kosygin (Technology. Design. Art)”, Moscow, Russia
Published: May 2024

The article provides an analysis of the generally accepted principles of the formation of economic models of an enterprise, examines the features of their application to create a tool that contributes to the formation of a strong competitive position of a light industry enterprise. The authors propose ways to implement the analyzed principles.
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES OF BIG DATA APPLICATION IN STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, Kurochkin Alexander A. , Bozhenko Ekaterina S. ,   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, Shevchenko Dmitry A. ,   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Published: May 2024

This article explores the challenges and opportunities of using big data in strategic management. Special attention is paid to the issues of data privacy and the need for qualified specialists in the field of data analytics. The authors analyze the existing problems and propose ways to solve them for the successful implementation of big data in strategic management. Their research highlights the importance of developing appropriate skills and tools for the effective use of data in strategic decisions, and puts forward proposals for improving data protection tools to ensure their safe use in business.
INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE KNOWLEDGE-INTENSIVE SECTOR IN THE ASPECT OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov (IEUP), Kazan, Russia, Koba Anastasia V.
Published: May 2024

He modern economy is developing at a very active pace, becoming more and more global and technologically advanced. In this regard, approaches to business management in various industries are inevitably changing. Of course, this also affects the industry, which has seen a serious transformation of established business processes in recent years. This is due to a clear understanding that without changing business processes according to the current trends in the development of the global economy, it is impossible to achieve maximum efficiency, high competitiveness, and stable, sustainable growth in the long term. Scientific and technological innovations have an impact on institutions, spheres and branches of the economy, social classes, politics, science, culture, and management.
EXPERIENCE IN THE SUPPLY OF GOODS FROM THE STATE OF ALASKA (USA)
Authors:   Vostokgosplan FANU, Moscow, Russia, Chuloshnikov Artem P.
Published: May 2024

The supply of goods to the northern territories is a complex and costly process that is relevant for the Russian Federation. The state of Alaska (USA) is a close analogue of the Russian Federation in terms of climatic and territorial conditions, which determines the relevance of this work. In the article, the author analyzes the transport and organizational components of the Alaska cargo supply system. Also in the article, the author highlights the best practices in the implementation of cargo delivery. The purpose of the work is to analyze cargo transportation in the state of Alaska and identify the best practices applicable to Russia. The disclosure of the problems was carried out using the method of analysis and generalization of scientific materials, the structural and functional method.
ANALYSIS OF THE PRACTICE OF IMPLEMENTING REGIONAL PROGRAMS OF CAPITAL REPAIRS OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
Authors:   National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Glazkova V. V. , Korol S. Yu. ,   National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering
Published: May 2024

Changes to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation in 2014 led to the fact that the capital repair program in the regions of Russia acquired the character of a promising development. To date, work in this direction is being carried out dynamically, however, in order to achieve the most effective indicators of the implementation of the regional program of capital repairs of apartment buildings, it is necessary to identify the prevailing negative trends in the processes of its planning and implementation, which impose restrictions on the implementation of the program in full, in order to further eliminate them.
ELECTRICITY SUPPLY OF THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN: FROM COLLAPSE TO TROUBLE-FREE AND RELIABLE
Authors:   Dagestan State University of National Economy, Makhachkala, Russia, Magomedov Ali M. ,   Dagestan State University, Makhachkala Russia
Published: May 2024

The article examines the regional problems of electricity supply. The role of the electric power industry in the socio-economic development of the country is noted. Global trends in the production and consumption of electric power are highlighted. Dagestan, before market transformations, fully provided itself with the energy produced in the republic, and over the past twenty years, electricity consumption has doubled, but its production has not increased, and moreover, in some years there has even been a decrease. The reasons for the sharp increase in electricity consumption by the population of the republic are the increase in living standards, housing construction in cities and the development of the shadow economy, especially mining activities. But the main problem in the article is not so much the shortage of energy itself, as the wear and tear of the grid complex. The wear rate of the networks is more than 20%. The loss of electricity in the networks exceeds 75% of the power consumption. The article emphasizes that without attracting large investments from the federal center, the reconstruction of the energy grid system is impossible. In parallel, the directions of development of distributed energy are highlighted: the construction of small hydroelectric power plants on mountain rivers, geothermal, solar and wind power plants. All this is aimed at ensuring trouble-free reliable electricity supply to the population.
THE ROLE OF BUDGETS IN THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIES: ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIO-CULTURAL, ECONOMIC
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Economic University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Morunova Galina V. ,   St. Petersburg State Institute of Film and Television, St. Petersburg, Russia, Pomogaibina Elena P. ,   St. Petersburg State Economic University, St. Petersburg, Russia; St. Petersburg State Institute of Film and Television, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chesnova Olga A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Film and Television, St. Petersburg, Russia, Pisklyukova Elena V. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia, Ekaterininskaya Anna A. ,   St. Petersburg State Institute of Film and Television, St. Petersburg, Russia; Academy of Russian Ballet named after A. Ya. Vaganova, St. Petersburg, Russia; Russian State Institute of Performing Arts, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: May 2024

In the article the authors raise important questions about the role of budgets in the sustainable development of territories, because If budget expenditures are not included for measures to develop environmental, socio-cultural and economic issues then the goals of sustainable development of the territory and the economy as a whole cannot be achieved. The role of municipalities in sustainable development is being transformed in modern conditions and municipal finances are becoming not only the economic basis of local self-government, but also the political exchange «state-population». It seems that the role of budget sustainability in the balanced development of territories is also increasing. Analysis of the conceptual apparatus, approaches to assessing sustainable development and strategic planning documents allows us to draw a logical conclusion about the need to create unity in theoretical, methodological and legislative approaches to the issues of sustainable development of territories. Budget sustainability indicators are crucial in assessing the sustainable development of a territory. It is argued in the article that the development of the socio-cultural sphere should be the starting point for achieving sustainable development. It is essential to consider budget sustainability alongside other indicators to ensure long-term success and resilience in a territory’s development. By prioritizing the socio-cultural sphere, a holistic approach to sustainable development can be achieved, ensuring the well-being of current and future generations. Using the example of the implementation of state programs in the socio-cultural sphere and the strategy for the formation of «Smart» regions (using the example of St. Petersburg), the authors present a comprehensive analysis of the connection between sustainable development indicators and the sustainable budget of individual subjects of the Russian Federation and the state as a whole.
APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TO ANALYZE RISKS ON THE SECURITIES MARKET
Authors:   Kazan State Power Engineering University, Kazan, Russia, Natalson Alexander V.
Published: May 2024

This scientific article is devoted to the actual topic of application of artificial intelligence for risk analysis in the securities market. The article considers the role of artificial intelligence in analyzing data, identifying potential risks and making informed investment decisions. The research methodology is based on theoretical and empirical methods, as well as the results of domestic scientific research. The results of the study emphasize the importance of understanding and managing risk in financial markets, including the concept of portfolio and systemic risk. The author analyzes various methods of risk analysis, including statistical models, fundamental analysis, technical analysis, scenario analysis, and machine learning methods. Special attention is given to the application of neural networks, genetic algorithms, and other artificial intelligence techniques to improve price forecasting, optimal portfolio determination, and risk management. The conclusion emphasizes the promising direction of using artificial intelligence in financial analytics, but notes the need to consider potential challenges and limitations, such as market volatility, data availability and quality, interpretability of models, and ethical considerations.
THE CONCEPT OF IMPROVING THE TAX DISCIPLINE SYSTEM: HISTORY AND BASICS OF TAXATION
Authors:   Kadyrov Chechen State University, Grozny, Russia, Bisultanov Amir N.
Published: May 2024

This article discusses in detail the concept of «taxation». Taxation is a means by which the State, relying on its political power, participates in the distribution of national income and receives fiscal revenues in a prudent and gratuitous manner. Its essence reflects the relationship between the distribution of taxes between the state and taxpayers. Being an important instrument of state participation in the regulation of economic activity, taxation gradually formed a more scientific theoretical and legal management system in the course of long-term theoretical research and practical research. His specific theories and methods were gradually tested and improved in social practice.
MECHATRONICS AS AN INNOVATIVE LINK IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN INDUSTRY
Authors:   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russia, Malev Nikolay A. , Kuznetsov Sergey G. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russia, Gaynullin Vadim V. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russia
Published: May 2024

In this article, mechatronics is considered as a field of scientific knowledge, the purpose of which is the production of innovations. The fact is substantiated that in modern conditions mechatronics provides and accelerates the pace of economic and social development. In many ways, the rejection of the development of mechatronics leads to irreparable consequences and structural economic crises. In the current conditions, mechatronics can become the branch of knowledge that will lead to maximizing the economic effect of the Russian industry.
Impact of PSMA PET/CT on the therapeutic decision of Prostate Carcinoma Biochemical Recurrence
Authors:   Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Borges da Silva Anna Carolina , de Toledo Luís Gustavo Morato ,   Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Fernandes Roni de Carvalho ,   Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Ziroldo Alan Rechamberg ,   Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Sawczyn Guilherme Vinícius ,   Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Alarcon Shirlene Tettmann ,   AME Barradas, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Lewin Fábio ,   AME Barradas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Published: May 2024

Background: Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the most common malignant tumor in males and Biochemical Relapse (BCR) consists of a challenging scenario compared to primary staging due to small volume of disease and low PSA levels. Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA), Positron Emission Tomography (PET) presents superior performance and strongly affects therapeutic choice.
Exploring spatial patterns of overflights at Hawai?i Volcanoes National Park
Authors: Peterson Brian , Hutchinson J. M. , Gurung Bijan , Beeco J. , Joyce Damon
Published: May 2024

This study explored spatial patterns of overflights at Hawai?i Volcanoes National Park (HAVO). Overflights were analyzed from: 1) December 28th, 2020?May 20th, 2021; 2) August 30th, 2021?September 8th, 2021; and 3) January 7th, 2022?April 14th, 2023 (617 total days; 50 days of missing data) using Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) data. Phase 1 of analysis focused on all overflights and found a high concentration of overflights above HAVO and definitive travel patterns across the east side of the park. Phase 2 of analysis focused on low-level overflights that fly below 15,000ft mean sea level (MSL) and fly within 10 miles of the HAVO boundary and found that above 6,000ft MSL, the number of waypoints decreases as altitude increases. Also, as altitude increases, the directionality of waypoints trends toward the northeast. Phase 3 of analysis removed all overflights that were civil patrol flights, major airlines, and survey flights. The remaining flights were low-level overflights, including air tours. Kernel density analysis was conducted using waypoints segmented into 500ft above ground level (AGL) altitude intervals. The altitude interval with the highest density of overflights was ?1,501?2,000ft AGL?. This information can be used for planning and management purposes and this study serves as a resource for future research that intends to use more advanced analytics.
FORECASTING OF FLOOD EVENTS FOR WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN GUCHA-MIGORI RIVER BASIN, KENYA
Authors:   Egerton University, Onyango Edith , Wambua Raphael , Otieno Hesbon
Published: May 2024

Floods are devastating natural disasters frequently occurring in many river basins such as Gucha-Migori River Basin, Kenya. However, non-structural countermeasures such as hydrologic modelling, flood proofing, and continuous forecasting have not been fully explored and implemented to reduce risk, damage, and vulnerabilities of flood events. The major challenge in flood forecasting is the selection of the relevant probability distribution. The main objective of the study was to forecast flood events in Gucha-Migori River Basin for integrated water resource management. Daily hydrological datasets between 1969 and 2015 were obtained from Water Resources Authority. After the ranking of independent flood events had been achieved, return periods and flood frequencies were computed. The relationship between flood magnitudes and their respective frequencies was through modelling using probability distribution functions (PDFs). The evaluated PDFs include Normal Distribution, Log-Normal Distribution, Gumbel Distribution, and Log-Person Type III Distribution. Coefficient of Determination (R2), Goodness of Fit test, and Best-Fit Distribution Curve guided selection of the suitable distribution model. The suitable probability distribution model out of the tested four was then applied to predict P-percent annual exceedance probabilities corresponding to specific flood magnitudes. From the results, out of the 132 flood events that occurred in the period 1969 to 2015, only 42 were identified as independent flood events. Based on the frequency analysis, the highest and lowest, and the average and standard deviation of the recorded independent flood events were 423.90, 240.8, 284.80 m3/s, and 45.54 respectively. It was revealed that the probability of a flood event of a magnitude equal to or exceeding the lowest (240.8 m3/s) and the highest (423.90 m3/s) occurring for a particular year were 0.98 and 0.02 respectively. Gumbel distribution curve was selected to be the best fit for the Gucha-Migori River Basin. According to the derived Gumbel's formula, the estimated magnitude for the return period 1.05, 1.11, 1.25, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 years were 221.38, 231.92, 245.77, 278.01, 321.39, 350.11, 386.39, 413.31, 440.03, and 466.65 m3/s. This research provides useful information for enhanced determination of probability occurrence of flood events and thus proper water resources planning and management strategies in the Gucha-Migori river basin.
DEVELOPMENT OF R- CODE FOR ANALYSING GEOTECHNICAL SOIL PROPERTIES
Authors:   University of Nairobi, Ng’eno Festus , Omuto C , Biamah E
Published: May 2024

Geotechnical investigations thoroughly and completely define the stratigraphy of the subsurface including complex boundaries. They are particularly useful for practical geotechnical analysis and engineering design. Geotechnical investigations are performed to evaluate those geologic, seismologic and soils conditions that affect the safety, cost effectiveness, design and execution of a proposed engineering project. This study endeavours to develop a low-cost and accessible computer program for use in geotechnical explorations. The R-code was developed in R software helps to solve the problems of high costs, time wastage and improper reporting of geotechnical data. The objective of this study was to develop R - code for dynamic integration of geotechnical investigations and visualization of the output graphically.
OPTIMIZATION OF BRIQUETTES PROPERTIES BASED ON BRIQUETTING TECHNIQUES AND THREE FEEDSTOCKS MIX USING TAGUCHI APPROACH
Authors:   Egerton University, Okwara Wilberforce , Nyaanga Daudi , Kabok Peter , Ingasia Oscar
Published: May 2024

Agricultural sector produces large quantity of by-products that are underutilized. Densification from these agro-wastes is critical towards production of eco-friendly solid fuels. Briquetting of solid fuels has been considered an alternative energy source. Briquetting from three feedstocks has been done, however, right mix and technique for compaction has not been fully studied. Thus, the broad objective of this study was to evaluate optimization of briquettes properties based on briquetting techniques and three feedstocks mix using Taguchi approach. Rice husk- maize cobs and bagasse feedstocks were carbonized using drum kiln. The chars were mixed at different mix ratios 1:1:1, 1:2:2, 1:3:3, 2:1:2, 2:2:3, 2:3:1, 3:1:3, 3:2:1 and 3:3:2 for husk, cobs and bagasse respectively. Taguchi Grey Relational Analysis technique was carried out for optimization. Optimal conditions of briquettes were attained at a mix ratio of 3:2:1 using the screw press technique. Physical properties, moisture content and density obtained at optimal were 6.43% and 904 kg/m3. Combustion characteristics investigated showed 3.63% (ash content), 18.56% (volatile matter), 77.81% (fixed carbon) and 29.04 MJ/kg (calorific value). From the analysis, (α=0.05), quality of briquettes was influenced by both technique and mix ratios. These research findings are of important since optimization increases efficiency of briquettes through waste reduction.
Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Cengkih dan Jintan untuk Menurunkan Intensitas Serangan Penyakit Antraknosa pada Tanaman Cabai Besar
Authors: Cahya Jimmy Dwi , Setiawan Andree Wijaya
Published: May 2024

Anthracnose disease is one of the diseases in chili plants that can reduce yields by up to 80%. This study aims to determine the effectiveness and optimal concentration of natural fungicides from cloves and cumin in reducing the incidence and intensity of anthracnose disease (Colletotrichum sp.) attack directly on large chili plants in the field. The research was conducted in Sumberejo Village, Ngablak District, Magelang Regency. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with eight treatments and four replications. The extract treatments used clove leaves and cumin leaves with concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3%, and no treatment and synthetic fungicides. The variables observed in this study were disease incidence, intensity of attack, and total fruit weight at harvest. The use of pesticides in the study showed significant differences from that of the control. The best natural fungicides for disease incidence in this study were CK3 (1,79%) and JK3 (2,94%), while the best natural fungicide treatments for attack intensity in this study were CK3 (11,25%) and JK3 (16,25%). Applying clove and cumin leaf fungicides to plants does not reduce crop yields.
Analisis Kimia Kopi Cherry Arabika (Coffea arabica) dengan Kajian Kadar Alkohol, Kadar Kafein, Total Padatan Terlarut dan Total Asam Pada Limbah Hasil Fermentasi Anaerobik
Authors: Hakim Syahirman , Irwnsyah Irwnsyah , Widayat Risky , Baihaqi Baihaqi
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to determine the quantitative measurements of alcohol concentration, caffeine content, total dissolved solids, and total acid. This study used an experimental design with a non-factorial, Completely Randomized Design (CRD) that included three treatment levels, each replicated three times. The study consists of the following treatment levels: H5 represents the fermentation of cherry Arabica coffee for five days, H10 for ten days, and H15 for 15 days. The collected data underwent analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS version 22. The Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) was used at a 5% significance level to determine the differences in the effects of each therapy. The study showed that the length of anaerobic fermentation of Arabica coffee cherries significantly affected the concentrations of alcohol, caffeine, total dissolved solids, and total acid (p<0.05). With longer fermentation, alcohol concentration, caffeine content, and total acid levels increase while the total dissolved solids content decreases. The most effective treatment in this study was noted on the 5th day of fermentation, showing an average alcohol content of 11.93%, caffeine content of 3.36%, total dissolved solids of 4.83oBrix, and total acid of 1.62%.
Using prescribed fires in young forests: A pyrosilvicultural approach
Authors: Noble Hunter , York Robert A.
Published: May 2024

Prescribed burning is an effective treatment to reduce the risk of very severe wildfires. Many forests, however, are ill-suited for prescribed fire, because of high fuel loads, high tree densities, or young stands that are vulnerable to low intensity fires. Utilizing prescribed fire in reforested stands established after high-severity fires can protect against further losses from subsequent wildfires (“reburn” fires). Only a handful of studies provide practical guidance on how and when to burn young forests. We apply the concept of “pyrosilviculture” to suggest ways in which pre-fire silvicultural treatments can make prescribed burns more effective across a variety of age classes and structures. We also update results from a study in which several age classes of stands (12-, 22-, 32-, and 100-year-old) were burned experimentally on the same day. This focuses on a key question for managers: how to determine the right stand age at which prescribed fires may become feasible. As expected, older stands were more resistant to damage and had higher survival rates. If tree survival during prescribed fires is a primary objective, then a conservative approach is to wait until stands are age 30 before instituting prescribed fire. This is likely an overestimate of the minimum age, given that the prescribed fires applied in this study occurred during especially dry conditions. Under different objectives, higher mortality may be considered beneficial if it creates low-density, high-complexity stands that are similar to historic conditions.
Indian Classical Music Recognition using Deep Convolution Neural Network
Authors: Aswale Swati , Shrivastava Dr. Prabhat Chandra , Ranjan Dr. Ratnesh , Shende Seema
Published: May 2024

A divine approach to communicate feelings about the world occurs through music. There is a huge variety in the language of music. One of the principal variables of Indian social legacy is classical music. Hindustani and Carnatic are the two primary subgenres of Indian classical music. Models have been trained and taught to distinguish between Carnatic and Hindustani songs. This paper presents Indian classical music recognition based on multiple acoustic features (MAF) consisting of various statistical, spectral, and time domain features. The MAF provides the changes in intonation, timbre, prosody and pitch of the musical speech due to different ragas. The lightweight DCNN is used to improve the representation of the raga sound and to provide higher order abstract level features. The overall performance of the raga type is estimated using various performance metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score. The proposed DCNN achieves an accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score of 89.38%, 0.89, 0.89, and 0.89, respectively, for eight raga classifications. The extensive experimentation on eight classical ragas has shown a noteworthy improvement over the traditional state of art.