bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Valorization of Olive By-Products: Innovative Strategies for Their Production, Treatment and Characterization
Authors: Calvano Cosima D. , Tamborrino Antonia
Published: March 2022

Presently, olive oil production signifies a valuable economic income for Mediterranean countries, where approximately 98% of the world’s production is established [...]
Protective Effects of Fermented Soybeans (Cheonggukjang) on Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS)-Induced Colitis in a Mouse Model
Authors: Lim Hyeon-Ji , Kim Ha-Rim , Jeong Su-Ji , Yang Hee-Jong , Ryu Myeong Seon , Jeong Do-Youn , Kim Seon-Young , Jung Chan-Hun
Published: March 2022

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease, and the incidence of IBD is increasing every year owing to changes in dietary structure. Although the exact pathogenesis of IBD is still unclear, recent evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis is closely associated with IBD pathogenesis. Cheonggukjang is a traditional Korean fermented soybean paste produced using traditional and industrial methods, and contains probiotics, which affect the gut microbiota composition. However, the protective effect of Cheonggukjang against IBD is unknown. In this study, we investigated the bacterial community structure of traditional and commercial Cheonggukjang samples, as well as the protective effect of Cheonggukjang on a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. Traditional and commercial Cheonggukjang were found to contain various type of useful probiotics in their bacterial community structure. Cheonggukjang reduced the progression of DSS-induced symptoms, such as body weight loss, colonic shortening, disease activity index, and histological changes. Further, Cheonggukjang improved the intestinal epithelial barrier integrity on DSS-induced colitis mice. In addition, Cheonggukjang suppressed the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators through the inactivation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. These results indicate that Cheonggukjang exerts protective effects against DSS-induced colitis, suggesting its possible application as a functional food for improving inflammatory diseases.
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus: A Suitable Candidate for the Construction of Novel Bioengineered Probiotic Strains for Targeted Pathogen Control
Authors: Mathipa-Mdakane Moloko G. , Thantsha Mapitsi S.
Published: March 2022

Probiotics, with their associated beneficial effects, have gained popularity for the control of foodborne pathogens. Various sources are explored with the intent to isolate novel robust probiotic strains with a broad range of health benefits due to, among other mechanisms, the production of an array of antimicrobial compounds. One of the shortcomings of these wild-type probiotics is their non-specificity. A pursuit to circumvent this limitation led to the advent of the field of pathobiotechnology. In this discipline, specific pathogen gene(s) are cloned and expressed into a given probiotic to yield a novel pathogen-specific strain. The resultant recombinant probiotic strain will exhibit enhanced species-specific inhibition of the pathogen and its associated infection. Such probiotics are also used as vehicles to deliver therapeutic agents. As fascinating as this approach is, coupled with the availability of numerous probiotics, it brings a challenge with regard to deciding which of the probiotics to use. Nonetheless, it is indisputable that an ideal candidate must fulfil the probiotic selection criteria. This review aims to show how Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, a clinically best-studied probiotic, presents as such a candidate. The objective is to spark researchers’ interest to conduct further probiotic-engineering studies using L. rhamnosus, with prospects for the successful development of novel probiotic strains with enhanced beneficial attributes.
Formation of Gold Alloys during Crustal Differentiation of Convergent Zone Magmas: Constraints from an AU-Rich Websterite in the Stanovoy Suture Zone (Russian Far East)
Authors: Berdnikov Nikolai , Kepezhinskas Pavel , Konovalova Natalia , Kepezhinskas Nikita
Published: March 2022

Gold is typically transported by mafic and evolved magmas into the upper crust to be deposited in shallow oxidized porphyry and epithermal environments. However, the magmatic behavior of gold is still poorly understood and warrants further attention. Additional insights into the magmatic evolution of gold and other noble metals can be provided by investigations of primitive convergent zone magmas and products of their differentiation that contain primary-textured Au-alloys. One of the best examples of such Au-rich ultramafic cumulates is the Triassic (232–233 Ma) Ildeus intrusion, which was emplaced within the Mesozoic Stanovoy subduction zone in the Russian Far East. Some websterites from the Ildeus intrusion, representing cumulates crystallized from a primitive convergent zone magma, are enriched in Au (up to 596 ppm) and contain abundant Cu-Ag-Au micro-particles. Most of these Au-alloy micro-particles display compositions similar to those previously found in explosive pyroclastic rocks in the Lesser Khingan iron district, mantle wedge peridotites in Kamchatka and Cretaceous adakites in the Stanovoy suture zone. Textural and compositional characteristics suggest that Cu-Ag-Au alloys precipitated from a primitive calc-alkaline melt during its crustal differentiation in a Mesozoic paleo-subduction zone. Some large Cu-Ag-Au grains display an internal honeycomb-like structure with alternating Cu-rich and Cu-poor zones. Heating experiments under atmospheric conditions recorded a substantial loss of Cu from primary magmatic Cu-Ag-Au alloys, which appears to be a process characteristic of oxidized hydrothermal ore systems. We suggest that the later-stage hydrothermal alteration of differentiated igneous conduits containing magmatic gold alloys results in the formation of Cu-free gold mineralization comparable to the upper crustal porphyry and epithermal environments.
Economic Evaluation of Healthcare Resource Utilization and Costs for Newly Diagnosed Dementia-Related Psychosis
Authors: Rashid Nazia , Wetmore James B. , Irfan Muna , Abler Victor
Published: March 2022

This retrospective cohort study described changes in all-cause healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and associated costs in dementia patients newly diagnosed with psychosis. Dementia and incident psychosis were identified using diagnostic and pharmacy claims using a Medicare 20% random sample dataset. All-cause HCRU and unweighted and weighted (by person-years of follow-up) HCRU-associated costs were evaluated in the year prior to and the 4 years following diagnosis of psychosis. In 49,509 dementia patients with psychosis, physician visits per patient per year increased from a mean of 26.7 (standard deviation (SD) 20.0) prior to psychosis to 38.4 (SD 41.9) post-psychosis diagnosis. The number of inpatient stay claims increased from 1.0 (SD 1.4) to 1.7 (SD 5.8). Mean unweighted costs for inpatient stays and home healthcare/hospice during 2008–2016 were USD 9989 and USD 3279 prior to a diagnosis of psychosis but increased to USD 25,982 and USD 9901 (weighted: USD 11,779 and USD 6709), respectively, in the year after a psychosis diagnosis. This pattern of a sharp increase in mean costs was also observed in costs adjusted to 2015 USD, and in both unweighted and weighted total and psychosis-related costs. These results indicate the importance of identifying newly diagnosed psychosis in dementia patients as well as the pressing need for management strategies and treatments that can reduce HCRU and costs.
Multidisciplinary Care of a Vertebral Fracture in a Patient with Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: Safety Appropriateness in Interventional Pain Management and Rehabilitation Considerations
Authors: Tieppo Francio Vinicius , Barndt Brandon , Latif Usman , Eickmeyer Sarah M.
Published: March 2022

Bone loss leading to fragility fracture is a highly prevalent late effect in hematopoietic stem-cell transplant patients, who are affected 8–9 times more than the general population, particularly for vertebral compression fractures. Spinal interventions such as lumbar epidural steroid injections and vertebral augmentation may be helpful for providing pain relief and improved function, quality of life and return to ambulation. However, interventional procedures should be approached with caution in these patients. Our study found that there is a paucity of scientific studies addressing the risks of spinal injections in these patients and there is no absolute recommendation specific to spinal injections in patients receiving immunosuppressive agents or who have a history of solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplant. It is imperative to consider proper timing of the intervention to minimize risks while optimizing the benefits of the intervention combined with a well-defined post-transplant rehabilitation plan. Moreover, the decision to proceed with spinal interventions should be done case by case and with caution. Therefore, this article reports the case of a multidisciplinary treatment for a vertebral compression fracture in a patient with a hematopoietic stem-cell transplant, in particular discussing safety appropriateness in interventional pain management and rehabilitation considerations for this condition in this patient population.
A Multicultivar Approach for Grape Bunch Weight Estimation Using Image Analysis
Authors: Victorino Gonçalo , Poblete-Echeverría Carlos , Lopes Carlos M.
Published: March 2022

The determination of bunch features that are relevant for bunch weight estimation is an important step in automatic vineyard yield estimation using image analysis. The conversion of 2D image features into mass can be highly dependent on grapevine cultivar, as the bunch morphology varies greatly. This paper aims to explore the relationships between bunch weight and bunch features obtained from image analysis considering a multicultivar approach. A set of 192 bunches from four cultivars, collected at sites located in Portugal and South Africa, were imaged using a conventional digital RGB camera, followed by image analysis, where several bunch features were extracted, along with physical measurements performed in laboratory conditions. Image data features were explored as predictors of bunch weight, individually and in a multiple stepwise regression analysis, which were then tested on 37% of the data. The results show that the variables bunch area and visible berries are good predictors of bunch weight (R2 ranging from 0.72 to 0.90); however, the simple regression lines fitted between these predictors and the response variable presented significantly different slopes among cultivars, indicating cultivar dependency. The elected multiple regression model used a combination of four variables: bunch area, bunch perimeter, visible berry number, and average berry area. The regression analysis between the actual and estimated bunch weight yielded a R2 = 0.91 on the test set. Our results are an important step towards automatic yield estimation in the vineyard, as they increase the possibility of applying image-based approaches using a generalized model, independent of the cultivar.
Evolving Consumption Trends, Marketing Strategies, and Governance Settings in Ornamental Horticulture: A Grey Literature Review
Authors: Gabellini Sara , Scaramuzzi Silvia
Published: March 2022

Ornamentals are the most diversified products and fast-changing industry of horticulture. A new flower and ornamental plant market scenario is developing: remarkable opportunities are emerging, but more efforts are required by both public and private stakeholders to seize them and assure a high-value positioning. Our paper aims at filling the gap in the availability of integrated data sources and structured theoretically sound studies on new consumption trends, marketing strategies, and governance settings. Specific objectives are: identifying an innovative ornamental horticulture market data framework; evidencing evolving dynamics of competition in Europe and necessary adaptions of public and private action; defining a new action-research agenda, capable of stimulating the interest of businesses, researchers, and institutions. In terms of methodology, we carry out an innovative integrative review analysis of the wide and most reliable grey literature and statistics, using a comprehensive approach. Results show the emerging consumption dynamics and high-value consumer profiles characterizing the European market, expected to significantly expand and transform, according to the impact of globalization, climate change, urbanization, digitalization, and the affirmation of neo-luxury and sustainability-oriented consumption patterns. The evolution of marketing strategies and governance settings is also highlighted, together with the necessity of developing and integrating public and private initiatives for realizing high-value sustainable and transparent production systems and supply chains. Accordingly, relevant action-research directions are described. These findings are expected to improve the current debate on the competitiveness of the European ornamental industry and contribute to taking a step towards a synergic combination of new differential advantages and wider sustainability goals.
GIScience and Historical Cartography for Evaluating Land Use Changes and Resulting Effects on Carbon Balance
Authors: Manniello Canio , Cillis Giuseppe , Statuto Dina , Di Pasquale Andrea , Picuno Pietro
Published: March 2022

Multi-chronological examination of territory using GIScience and historical cartography may reveal a strategic tool for investigating changes in land use and the surrounding landscape structure. In this framework, the soil plays a key role in ecosystem evolution, since it governs all the mechanisms at the basis of vegetal growth, as well as all components of the total environment contributing to the formation of a rural landscape, including the balance of carbon dioxide. The present study was developed using a GIS approach applied to historical maps and aims to assess the environmental impact of land-use change, with particular attention to its effects on agricultural soil and atmospheric carbon dioxide balance. Thanks to a comparison between historical cartographic maps of different periods, this geospatial approach has enabled the assessment of the evolution of the rural land of the study area in the municipality of Ruoti (Basilicata Region—Southern Italy). This area, indeed, has been affected by deep land-use transformations, mainly caused by agricultural activities, with a resulting impact on the atmospheric CO2 balance. These transformations have been analyzed and quantified in order to contribute to the understanding on how the changes in land use for agricultural purposes have led to unforeseen changes in the rural landscape, ecosystems and the environment. The results showed that the greatest changes in land use were caused by the abandonment of large rural areas, resulting in the expansion of urban areas, a decrease in orchard and arable land (about less 25%), and an increase in woodland (more than 30%). These changes have resulted in a doubling in soil carbon fixation value. The final results have therefore confirmed that historical cartography within a GIS approach may decisively offer information useful for more sustainable agricultural activities, so as to reduce their negative contribution to climate change.
Bladder Cancer Extracellular Vesicles Elicit a CD8 T Cell-Mediated Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Ortiz-Bonilla Carlos J. , Uccello Taylor P. , Gerber Scott A. , Lord Edith M. , Messing Edward M. , Lee Yi-Fen
Published: March 2022

Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEVs) play crucial roles in mediating immune responses, as they carry and present functional MHC-peptide complexes that enable them to modulate antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell responses. However, the therapeutic potential and immunogenicity of TEV-based therapies against bladder cancer (BC) have not yet been tested. Here, we demonstrated that priming with immunogenic Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) derived from murine MB49 BC cells was sufficient to prevent MB49 tumor growth in mice. Importantly, antibody-mediated CD8+ T-cell depletion diminished the protective effect of MB49 EVs, suggesting that MB49 EVs elicit cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell-mediated protection against MB49 tumor growth. Such antitumor activity may be augmented by TEV-enhanced immune cell infiltration into the tumors. Interestingly, MB49 EV priming was unable to completely prevent, but significantly delayed, unrelated syngeneic murine colon MC-38 tumor growth. Cytokine array analyses revealed that MB49 EVs were enriched with pro-inflammatory factors that might contribute to increasing tumor-infiltrating immune cells in EV-primed MC-38 tumors. These results support the potential application of TEVs in personalized medicine, and open new avenues for the development of adjuvant therapies based on patient-derived EVs aimed at preventing disease progression.
Piezoelectric Electrospun Fibrous Scaffolds for Bone, Articular Cartilage and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering
Authors: Barbosa Frederico , Ferreira Frederico Castelo , Silva João Carlos
Published: March 2022

Osteochondral tissue (OCT) related diseases, particularly osteoarthritis, number among the most prevalent in the adult population worldwide. However, no satisfactory clinical treatments have been developed to date to resolve this unmet medical issue. Osteochondral tissue engineering (OCTE) strategies involving the fabrication of OCT-mimicking scaffold structures capable of replacing damaged tissue and promoting its regeneration are currently under development. While the piezoelectric properties of the OCT have been extensively reported in different studies, they keep being neglected in the design of novel OCT scaffolds, which focus primarily on the tissue’s structural and mechanical properties. Given the promising potential of piezoelectric electrospun scaffolds capable of both recapitulating the piezoelectric nature of the tissue’s fibrous ECM and of providing a platform for electrical and mechanical stimulation to promote the regeneration of damaged OCT, the present review aims to examine the current state of the art of these electroactive smart scaffolds in OCTE strategies. A summary of the piezoelectric properties of the different regions of the OCT and an overview of the main piezoelectric biomaterials applied in OCTE applications are presented. Some recent examples of piezoelectric electrospun scaffolds developed for potentially replacing damaged OCT as well as for the bone or articular cartilage segments of this interfacial tissue are summarized. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives concerning the use of piezoelectric electrospun scaffolds in OCT regeneration are discussed.
Neuroprotective Effect of Luteolin-7-O-Glucoside against 6-OHDA-Induced Damage in Undifferentiated and RA-Differentiated SH-SY5Y Cells
Authors: Rehfeldt Stephanie Cristine Hepp , Silva Joana , Alves Celso , Pinteus Susete , Pedrosa Rui , Laufer Stefan , Goettert Márcia Inês
Published: March 2022

Luteolin is one of the most common flavonoids present in edible plants and its potential benefits to the central nervous system include decrease of microglia activation, neuronal damage and high antioxidant properties. The aim of this research was to evaluate the neuroprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of luteolin-7-O-glucoside (Lut7). Undifferentiated and retinoic acid (RA)-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with Lut7 and incubated with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Cytotoxic and neuroprotective effects were determined by MTT assay. Antioxidant capacity was determined by DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC assays. ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), Caspase–3 activity, acetylcholinesterase inhibition (AChEI) and nuclear damage were also determined in SH-SY5Y cells. TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 release were evaluated in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells by ELISA. In undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells, Lut7 increased cell viability after 24 h, while in RA-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells, Lut7 increased cell viability after 24 and 48 h. Lut7 showed a high antioxidant activity when compared with synthetic antioxidants. In undifferentiated cells, Lut7 prevented mitochondrial membrane depolarization induced by 6-OHDA treatment, decreased Caspase-3 and AChE activity, and inhibited nuclear condensation and fragmentation. In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, Lut7 treatment reduced TNF-α levels and increased IL-10 levels after 3 and 24 h, respectively. In summary, the results suggest that Lut7 has neuroprotective effects, thus, further studies should be considered to validate its pharmacological potential in more complex models, aiming the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
REV-ERBα Agonist SR9009 Promotes a Negative Energy Balance in Goldfish
Authors: Saiz Nuria , Herrera-Castillo Lisbeth , Isorna Esther , Delgado María Jesús , Conde-Sieira Marta , Soengas José Luis , de Pedro Nuria
Published: March 2022

REV-ERBα (nr1d1, nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1) is a transcriptional repressor that in mammals regulates nutrient metabolism, and has effects on energy homeostasis, although its role in teleosts is poorly understood. To determine REV-ERBα’s involvement in fish energy balance and metabolism, we studied the effects of acute and 7-day administration of its agonist SR9009 on food intake, weight and length gain, locomotor activity, feeding regulators, plasma and hepatic metabolites, and liver enzymatic activity. SR9009 inhibited feeding, lowering body weight and length gain. In addition, the abundance of ghrelin mRNA decreased in the intestine, and abundance of leptin-aI mRNA increased in the liver. Hypocretin, neuropeptide y (npy), and proopiomelanocortin (pomc) mRNA abundance was not modified after acute or subchronic SR9009 administration, while hypothalamic cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (cartpt-I) was induced in the subchronic treatment, being a possible mediator of the anorectic effects. Moreover, SR9009 decreased plasma glucose, coinciding with increased glycolysis and a decreased gluconeogenesis in the liver. Decreased triglyceride levels and activity of lipogenic enzymes suggest a lipogenesis reduction by SR9009. Energy expenditure by locomotor activity was not significantly affected by SR9009. Overall, this study shows for the first time in fish the effects of REV-ERBα activation via SR9009, promoting a negative energy balance by reducing energetic inputs and regulating lipid and glucose metabolism.
Retinal Organoids and Retinal Prostheses: An Overview
Authors: Bellapianta Alessandro , Cetkovic Ana , Bolz Matthias , Salti Ahmad
Published: March 2022

Despite the progress of modern medicine in the last decades, millions of people diagnosed with retinal dystrophies (RDs), such as retinitis pigmentosa, or age-related diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, are suffering from severe visual impairment or even legal blindness. On the one hand, the reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and the progress of three-dimensional (3D) retinal organoids (ROs) technology provide a great opportunity to study, understand, and even treat retinal diseases. On the other hand, research advances in the field of electronic retinal prosthesis using inorganic photovoltaic polymers and the emergence of organic semiconductors represent an encouraging therapeutical strategy to restore vision to patients at the late onset of the disease. This review will provide an overview of the latest advancement in both fields. We first describe the retina and the photoreceptors, briefly mention the most used RD animal models, then focus on the latest RO differentiation protocols, carry out an overview of the current technology on inorganic and organic retinal prostheses to restore vision, and finally summarize the potential utility and applications of ROs.
Targeting Endothelial Connexin37 Reduces Angiogenesis and Decreases Tumor Growth
Authors: Sathiyanadan Karthik , Alonso Florian , Domingos-Pereira Sonia , Santoro Tania , Hamard Lauriane , Cesson Valérie , Meda Paolo , Nardelli-Haefliger Denise , Haefliger Jacques-Antoine
Published: March 2022

Connexin37 (Cx37) and Cx40 form intercellular channels between endothelial cells (EC), which contribute to the regulation of the functions of vessels. We previously documented the participation of both Cx in developmental angiogenesis and have further shown that loss of Cx40 decreases the growth of different tumors. Here, we report that loss of Cx37 reduces (1) the in vitro proliferation of primary human EC; (2) the vascularization of subcutaneously implanted matrigel plugs in Cx37−/− mice or in WT using matrigel plugs supplemented with a peptide targeting Cx37 channels; (3) tumor angiogenesis; and (4) the growth of TC-1 and B16 tumors, resulting in a longer mice survival. We further document that Cx37 and Cx40 function in a collaborative manner to promote tumor growth, inasmuch as the injection of a peptide targeting Cx40 into Cx37−/− mice decreased the growth of TC-1 tumors to a larger extent than after loss of Cx37. This loss did not alter vessel perfusion, mural cells coverage and tumor hypoxia compared to tumors grown in WT mice. The data show that Cx37 is relevant for the control of EC proliferation and growth in different tumor models, suggesting that it may be a target, alone or in combination with Cx40, in the development of anti-tumoral treatments.
Loss of Microglial Insulin Receptor Leads to Sex-Dependent Metabolic Disorders in Obese Mice
Authors: Milanova Irina V. , Korpel Nikita L. , Correa-da-Silva Felipe , Berends Eline , Osman Samar , la Fleur Susanne E. , Fliers Eric , Kalsbeek Andries , Yi Chun-Xia
Published: March 2022

Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are highly prevalent disorders, associated with insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. The brain is key for energy homeostasis and contains many insulin receptors. Microglia, the resident brain immune cells, are known to express insulin receptors (InsR) and to be activated by a hypercaloric environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether microglial insulin signaling is involved in the control of systemic energy homeostasis and whether this function is sex-dependent. We generated a microglia-specific knockout of the InsR gene in male and female mice and exposed them to control or obesogenic dietary conditions. Following 10 weeks of diet exposure, we evaluated insulin tolerance, energy metabolism, microglial morphology and phagocytic function, and neuronal populations. Lack of microglial InsR resulted in increased plasma insulin levels and insulin resistance in obese female mice. In the brain, loss of microglial InsR led to a decrease in microglial primary projections in both male and female mice, irrespective of the diet. In addition, in obese male mice lacking microglial InsR the number of proopiomelanocortin neurons was decreased, compared to control diet, while no differences were observed in female mice. Our results demonstrate a sex-dependent effect of microglial InsR-signaling in physiology and obesity, and stress the importance of a heterogeneous approach in the study of diseases such as obesity and T2DM.
Allosteric Modulators of G Protein-Coupled Receptors
Authors: Shpakov Alexander
Published: March 2022

The G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest group of membrane receptor proteins that are targeted by more than 30% of drugs [...]
The Photoperiod Stress Response in Arabidopsis thaliana Depends on Auxin Acting as an Antagonist to the Protectant Cytokinin
Authors: Frank Manuel , Cortleven Anne , Pěnčík Aleš , Novak Ondrej , Schmülling Thomas
Published: March 2022

Fluctuating environmental conditions trigger adaptive responses in plants, which are regulated by phytohormones. During photoperiod stress caused by a prolongation of the light period, cytokinin (CK) has a protective function. Auxin often acts as an antagonist of CK in developmental processes and stress responses. Here, we investigated the regulation of the photoperiod stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana by auxin and its interaction with CK. Transcriptome analysis revealed an altered transcript abundance of numerous auxin metabolism and signaling genes after photoperiod stress treatment. The changes appeared earlier and were stronger in the photoperiod-stress-sensitive CK receptor mutant arabidopsis histidine kinase 2 (ahk2),3 compared to wild-type plants. The concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), IAA-Glc and IAA-Asp increased in both genotypes, but the increases were more pronounced in ahk2,3. Genetic analysis revealed that the gain-of-function YUCCA 1 (YUC1) mutant, yuc1D, displayed an increased photoperiod stress sensitivity. In contrast, a loss of the auxin receptors TRANSPORT-INHIBITOR-RESISTANT 1 (TIR1), AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX 2 (AFB2) and AFB3 in wild-type and ahk2,3 background caused a reduced photoperiod stress response. Overall, this study revealed that auxin promotes response to photoperiod stress antagonizing the protective CK.
A Multimodal Omics Exploration of the Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Lejeune François-Xavier , Ichou Farid , Camenen Etienne , Colsch Benoit , Mauger Florence , Peltier Caroline , Moszer Ivan , Gilson Emmanuel , Pierre-Jean Morgane , Floch Edith Le , Sabarly Victor , Tenenhaus Arthur , Deleuze Jean-François , Ewenczyk Claire , Vidailhet Marie , Mochel Fanny
Published: March 2022

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease clinically characterized by classical motor symptoms and a range of associated non-motor symptoms. Due to the heterogeneity of symptoms and variability in patient prognosis, the discovery of blood biomarkers is of utmost importance to identify the biological mechanisms underlying the different clinical manifestations of PD, monitor its progression and develop personalized treatment strategies. Whereas studies often rely on motor symptoms alone or composite scores, our study focused on finding relevant molecular markers associated with three clinical models describing either motor, cognitive or emotional symptoms. An integrative multiblock approach was performed using regularized generalized canonical correlation analysis to determine specific associations between lipidomics, transcriptomics and clinical data in 48 PD patients. We identified omics signatures confirming that clinical manifestations of PD in our cohort could be classified according to motor, cognition or emotion models. We found that immune-related genes and triglycerides were well-correlated with motor variables, while cognitive variables were linked to triglycerides as well as genes involved in neuronal growth, synaptic plasticity and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. Furthermore, emotion variables were associated with phosphatidylcholines, cholesteryl esters and genes related to endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell regulation.
AGILE: Development of a Compact, Low-Power, Low-Cost, and On-Board Detector for Ion Identification and Energy Measurement
Authors: Gautier Florian
Published: March 2022

An AGILE (Advanced enerGetic Ion eLectron tElescope) instrument is being developed at the University of Kansas and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center to be launched on board a CubeSat in 2022. The AGILE instrument aims to identify a large variety of ions (H-Fe) in a wide energy range (1–100 MeV/nucl) in real-time using fast silicon detectors and fast read-out electronics. This can be achieved by the first use of real-time Pulse Shape Discrimination in space instrumentation. This method of discrimination relies on specific amplitude and time characteristics of the signals sampled every 100 ps and produced by ions that stop in the detector medium. AGILE will be able to observe, in situ, the fluxes of a large variety of particles in a wide energy range to advance our knowledge of the fundamental processes in the universe. This work presents the current stage of development of the instrument, the discrimination method used through the performed simulations, and the first results from lab tests using an Am-241 source.
Applications of Time-Resolved Thermodynamics for Studies on Protein Reactions
Authors: Terazima Masahide
Published: March 2022

Thermodynamics and kinetics are two important scientific fields when studying chemical reactions. Thermodynamics characterize the nature of the material. Kinetics, mostly based on spectroscopy, have been used to determine reaction schemes and identify intermediate species. They are certainly important fields, but they are almost independent. In this review, our attempts to elucidate protein reaction kinetics and mechanisms by monitoring thermodynamic properties, including diffusion in the time domain, are described. The time resolved measurements are performed mostly using the time resolved transient grating (TG) method. The results demonstrate the usefulness and powerfulness of time resolved studies on protein reactions. The advantages and limitations of this TG method are also discussed.
Sarcopenia after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: Detection by Skeletal Muscle Mass Index vs. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis
Authors: Vassilev Georgi , Galata Christian , Finze Alida , Weiss Christel , Otto Mirko , Reissfelder Christoph , Blank Susanne
Published: March 2022

Background: In sarcopenic patients the skeletal muscle reduction is the primary symptom of age- or disease-related malnutrition, which is linked to postoperative morbidity and mortality. The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) from magnet resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used as a prognostic factor in oncologic and surgical patients, but under-represented in the field of obesity surgery. The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), on the other hand is a commonly used method for the estimation of the body composition of bariatric patients, but still believed to be inaccurate, because of patient-related and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to compare the postoperative SMI values as a direct, imaging measured indicator for muscle mass with the BIA results in patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Methods: We performed a prospective single-center trial. Patients undergoing RYGB between January 2010 and December 2011 at our institution were eligible for this study. MRI and BIA measurements were obtained 1 day before surgery and at 6, 12 and 24 weeks after surgery. Results: A total of 17 patients (four male, 13 female, average age of 41.9 years) were included. SMI values decreased significantly during the postoperative course (p < 0.001). Comparing preoperative and postoperative measurements at 24 weeks after surgery, increasing correlations of SMI values with body weight (r = 0.240 vs. r = 0.628), phase angle (r = 0.225 vs. r = 0.720) and body cell mass (BCM, r = 0.388 vs. r = 0.764) were observed. Conclusions: SMI decreases significantly after RYGB and is correlated to distinct parameters of body composition. These findings show the applicability of the SMI as direct imaging parameter for the measurement of the muscle mass in patients after RYGB, but also underline the important role of the BIA, as a precise tool for the estimation of patients’ body composition at low costs. BIA allows a good overview of patients’ status post bariatric surgery, including an estimation of sarcopenia.
Corneal Confocal Microscopy and the Nervous System: Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Malik Rayaz A. , Efron Nathan
Published: March 2022

The heretical idea that corneal confocal microscopy (CCM)—an ophthalmic instrument—could be used to assess neurological disease emerged around the turn of the 21st century [...]
Polychromatic Assessment of a Refractive Segmented EDOF Intraocular Lens
Authors: García Scott , Salvá Luís , García-Delpech Salvador , Martínez-Espert Anabel , Ferrando Vicente , Montagud-Martínez Diego
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to evaluate in vitro performance refractive segmented EDOF intraocular lenses under polychromatic light using an optical bench that complies with the ISO 11979-2 Norm. The through focus modulation transfer function (TF-MTF) of the Femtis Comfort LS-313 MF15 (Oculentis GmbH, Berlin, Germany) IOL was evaluated for IOLs with three different base powers. The effect of the asymmetry of the segmented designs was evaluated with 3 different wavelengths and with polychromatic light at a 3.0 mm and 5.0 mm pupil diameter. It was demonstrated that the TF-MTF curves exhibit a bifocal profile that, in practice, results in an EDOF design. As a consequence of the LCA, the TF-MTF values in white light were lower than in monochromatic light. Images of the USAF test chart were obtained to confirm the prediction of the TF-MTFs. We found that Femtis Comfort is a bifocal low-addition IOL and this fact can result in an EDOF effect which was obtained previously in clinical trials. Moreover, we showed that the base power influences the IOL optical quality, which results as more effective for high powers (hyperopic eyes) than for low powers (myopic eyes). The LCA of the segmented refractive design was very low and presumably not clinically relevant.
Experimental and Numerical Studies of Cloud Cavitation Behavior around a Reversible S-Shaped Hydrofoil
Authors: Liu Haiyu , Tang Fangping , Yan Shikai , Li Daliang
Published: March 2022

The S-shaped hydrofoil is often used in the design of reversible machinery due to its centrally symmetrical camber line. The objective of this paper is to study the influence of cloud cavitation on the flow structure and the unsteady characteristics of lift and drag around an S-shaped hydrofoil via experimental tests and numerical simulations. In the experimental component, the tests were carried out in a cavitation tunnel and a high-speed camera was used to record the cavitation details around the S-shaped hydrofoil with different cavitation numbers. The experimental results show that sheet cavitation gradually transforms into cloud cavitation with a decrease in the inlet cavitation number, the maximum cavity length increases faster after the occurrence of cloud cavitation, and the shedding cycle time of cloud cavitation gradually increases with a decrease in the inlet cavitation number. In the numerical component, the numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The numerical results show that the movement of the re-entrant jet is the main factor for the formation of the cloud cavitation around the S-shaped hydrofoil. The shedding cloud cavity induces the U-shaped vortex structure around the S-shaped hydrofoil, and it produces a higher vorticity distribution around the cavity. The periodic motion of cloud cavity causes the unsteady fluctuation of the lift–drag coefficient of the S-shaped hydrofoil, and because of the unique pressure distribution characteristics of the S-shaped hydrofoil, the lift and drag coefficient appeared as two peaks in one typical cycle of cloud cavitation.
Aplicación del modelo didáctico 3D realidad aumentada en el aprendizaje colaborativo. Revisión sistemática
Authors: Caballero Garriazo Javier Alfredo , Lázaro Aguirre Alberto Frank , Rojas Huacanca Jaime Rolando
Published: March 2022

Actualmente,  la  realidad   aumentada   (RA) ha ganado más relevancia y han producido cambios significativos en la educación, porque proporciona una forma diferente de aprendizaje significativo. Estas posibilidades de aplicación de modelo didáctico 3D en entornos de aprendizaje colaborativo de  RA  son  infinitas y continúan en constante evolución. Estas herramientas tecnológicas proporcionan experiencias de aprendizaje de diseño a un nivel de inmersión altamente calificada. Por lo tanto, el presente artículo tuvo como objetivo revisar artículos publicados sobre la aplicación de modelo didáctico 3D de los entornos de aprendizaje colaborativo en RA, se realizó un enfoque de mapeo sistemático de la literatura científica mediante la extracción de información con  palabras  clave  de   artículos   indexados en las bibliotecas digitales especializadas, se analizaron un total 567 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 21 artículos para el desarrollo de esta investigación. En esta revisión se observó datos que indican la existencia de ventajas potenciales de las experiencias de realidad aumentada, motivando a los estudiantes a realizar nuevas experiencias. En conclusión, la herramienta de RA proporciona beneficios tanto cognitivos como también mejoran de manera significativa la creatividad en los estudios de diseño y en el desarrollo de la habilidad de percepción espacial.
Sur un prétendu anthropomorphisme aristotélicien en zoologie. Le « modèle » humain en anatomie comparée
Authors: Zucker Arnaud
Published: March 2022

On adresse souvent à la zoologie aristotélicienne le reproche d’être anthropomorphique ou anthropocentrée. Cette critique, marquée par des a priori philosophiques et un certain angélisme, ne vise pas seulement les développements éthologiques mais aussi le système anatomique du Stagirite. Le rappel des principes généraux de son anatomie comparée permet d’en saisir la perspective et de voir que celle-ci ne promeut aucunement l’idée d’une prévalence de l’homme. Ce dernier n’est pas l’horizon ontologique de l’animal et ne représente pas zoologiquement un cas à part. L’usage fréquent que fait Aristote du modèle humain au cours de ses descriptions physiques et physiologiques des animaux constitue un moyen pédagogique et répond avant tout à un souci pragmatique : sa place dans le discours zoologique dépend de sa capacité à constituer un paradigme éclairant pour la connaissance et la compréhension des anatomies en général, et il n’est pas exalté comme un patron idéal. Au-delà du cas de l’anatomie, il est possible que la critique d’un supposé “parti pris de l’homme” dans l’éthologie aristotélicienne tienne pour une part à une lecture biaisée des textes.
Necip Fazıl'ın "Çile" Adlı Eserinde Yol ve Yolculuk Teması
Authors: AKER Tuğba
Published: March 2022

Necip Fazıl Kısakürek, Cumhuriyet Devri Türk şairleri içerisinde, eserleri ve toplumsal fikirleri dolayısıyla özel bir konuma sahiptir. Edebiyatın birçok türünde kalem oynatmış olan şair, “Örümcek Ağı”, “Kaldırımlar”, “Ben ve Ötesi”, “Sonsuzluk Kervanı” adlı şiir kitaplarının ardından “Çile” adlı eserinde şiirlerini bir “seçki” hâlinde toplamıştır. “Çile” kitabında; insan, cemiyet, ölüm ve dünya hayatının geçiciliği gibi şairin ruh ve fikir dünyasının yansımalarını içeren şiirler tematik başlıklar şeklinde düzenlenmiştir. “Necip Fazıl’ın Çile Adlı Eserinde Yol ve Yolculuk Teması” başlıklı bu çalışmada ise şairin şiirleri incelenmiş, bahsedilen temanın kullanım şekilleri örnekler üzerinden aktarılmıştır. “Çile” adlı eserde yolculuğun farklı açılardan incelendiği görülmüş ve bu çalışmada yol ve yolculuk teması üç bölüm hâlinde ele alınmıştır. Öncelikle şairin bu temaya hangi gözle baktığı ve yolculuğa atfettiği değer belirtilmiştir. Metafizik arayış bölümünde ise yol ve yolculuğun dünyevî ve mistik sebepler için araç olarak kullanıldığı şiirler yer almıştır. Son olarak gündelik anlamda kullanılan yolculuk kavramının “Çile” kitabı içerisindeki örnekleri tespit edilmiştir.
PERAN EMOSI PELANGGAN SEBAGAI PENENTU LOYALITAS PELANGGAN RESTORAN
Authors: Amabela  , Andajani Erna , Juliani Dyah Trisnawati
Published: March 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of food quality, service quality, atmosphere, other customers, and positive and negative emotions on customer loyalty. The research method uses measurement and structural model analysis. The sample used is the Domicile Kitchen & Lounge Surabaya restaurant consumers. This study found that positive and negative customer emotions determine customer loyalty. Positive and negative emotions in this study were influenced by the quality of food and service as well as other customers, while the atmosphere had no influence on positive and negative emotions. The research implication is for restaurant owners to maintain the quality of service and food by providing feedback and conducting evaluations.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh kualitas makanan, kualitas layanan, suasana, pelanggan lain, dan emosi positif serta negatif terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis model pengukuran dan sruktural. Adapun sampel yang digunakan adalah konsumen restoran Domicile Kitchen & Lounge Surabaya. Penelitian ini menemukan emosi pelanggan yang sifatnya postif dan negatif menjadi penentu loyalitas pelanggan. Emosi positif dan negatif dalam penelitian ini dipengaruhi faktor kualitas makanan dan pelayanan serta pelanggan lain, sedangkan suasana tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap emosi positif dan negatif. Implikasi penelitian bagi pemilik restauran agar tetap menjaga kualitas layanan dan makanan dengan memberikan feedback dan melakukan evaluasi.
Vegetable culture vs. climate change. Innovative solutions.
Part 1. Research on the chemical analysis of Buzau white onion bulbs
cultivated using diatomite and Trichoderma
Authors: Manea Vasilica , Balas Cristina , Toma Dumitru-Mitel , Burnichi Floarea , Jitea Delia , Mirea Emil , Toader Alexandru-Cristian , Staicu Bogdan-Gabriel , Dorogan Angela
Published: March 2022

n the context of intense and forced industrialization, agricultural overexploitation and pesticide pollution, attempts are
being made to find organic alternatives for fertilizing and herbicide crops and products with an insecticidal effect that
does not give bio-resistance over time. Given the desire of people to consume organic products, there is an increasing
need to expand ecologically grown areas in order to make them available to consumers. For this purpose, it was decided
to carry out research on the chemical analysis of Buzau white onion bulbs, treated with diatomite and Trichoderma,
correlating them with the impact on the plants under study. Among the experimental variants, the best polyphenol
content was found in variant V2 treated with 52,5 g of diatomite/repetition, compared to the untreated control. The
experiments took place within S.C.D.L. Buzau, in the pedoclimatic conditions of the area, the results being available for
informing growers and consumers. The paper is part of a complex research project in which these are solutions to
reduce the negative climate impact in agriculture, especially in vegetable crops. Conventional and unconventional, but
as much as possible sustainable solutions, including textile structures, organic diatomite, eco-friendly equipment
generates an innovative instrument vs. climate change effects in vegetable crops. Part 2 of this research presents the
textile solution in the context of the approached topic
The improvement of bactericidal properties and change of colour
characteristics of knitted materials at using nanosilver and
carboxymethyl starch
Authors: AINUR BEKTURSUNOVA , NURZHAN BOTABAYEV , GANI YERKEBAI , DONYOR NABIEV
Published: March 2022

The availability of bactericidal knitted cotton fabrics by processing a biodegradable bactericidal nano composition
containing nanoparticles of silver and Na-carboxymethyl starch is studied in this work. The nanocomposite based on
Na-carboxymethyl starch and silver nanoparticles were successfully fixed on the surface of knitted cotton fabrics through
the formation of links between carboxymethyl groups of carboxymethyl starch and nanosilver, as well as air interlacing
between nano composition and material. The analysis of the change in the colour of knitted cotton fabrics after
processing them with a solution of the nano composition of silver and Na-carboxymethyl starch showed the stability of
the colouristic indicators of the colour during antibacterial treatment.
Knitted cotton fabrics treated with the developed nano composition exhibit high antibacterial activity towards
gram-positive fungal cultures of Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Consistency of colour and the presence of bacteriostatic properties after repeated washing of knitted cotton fabrics
confirms the stability of the antimicrobial properties of reusable fabrics.