bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Programa de Investigaciones sobre Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico en América Latina: Monografía de Trabajo: No. 52: Julio, 1982: Cambio tecnológico en la industria Venezolana de maquinaria agrícola: Estudios de caso
Authors: Levin Pablo , Turkieh Mauricio , Martínez José Manuel , Pirela Arnoldo
Published: March 2024

Comprende tres estudios de caso referidos a las empresas de maquinaria agrícola en Venezuela, tales como: Rota Agro, Tanapo y Nardi. Analiza, en cada una de ellas, la evolución tecnológica de la firma, los factores que la determinan y la incidencia que tiene su conducta en la posición relativa en el mercado. Presenta reflexiones, derivadas de los estudios de caso, sobre la interacción entre el desarrollo de las formas del mercado y la naturaleza y distinto énfasis que dedican las empresas durante su evolución al esfuerzo tecnológico en cada una de las aéreas técnicas de ingeniería de diseño, proceso de producción y de organización industrial.
Programa de Investigaciones sobre Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico en América Latina: Monografía de Trabajo: No. 48: Junio, 1982: Cambios en la información técnica y aprendizaje en una planta Argentina de motores
Authors: Berlinski Julio
Published: March 2024

Da a conocer los efectos en las principales líneas de producción relacionadas con el nuevo motor de 6 cilindros. Además, destaca aspectos de interés, desde el punto de vista del aprendizaje, en la planta, tales como el acople de operaciones en ciertas líneas y las maquinas modificadas bajo la dirección de su ingeniería.
Innovaciones en el proceso y aprendizaje: El caso de una planta argentina de motores
Authors: Berlinski Julio
Published: March 2024

Este documento de trabajo presenta indicadores de desempeño de una planta de motores en Argentina, enfocándose principalmente, en sus niveles de producción, ocupación y productividad de la mano de obra. Analiza la trayectoria innovativa de la firma, destacándose las innovaciones asociadas al nuevo motor de 6 cilindros.
La reforma del servicio civil en las democracias avanzadas: Méritos con flexibilidad
Authors: Longo Francisco
Published: March 2024

Este documento fue comisionado por la Red de Gestión Pública y Transparencia del Diálogo Regional de Política para la I Reunión Hemsférica celebrada los días 26 y 27 de abril de 2001. El objeto de este trabajo es el análisis de los cambios producidos en los sistemas de Servicio Civil de un conjunto de países del ámbito OCDE. Su objetivo es atender el encargo realizado al autor por el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID), en el marco de su Diálogo Regional de Políticas, cuya finalidad es el apoyo a la cooperación y el intercambio de información en áreas cruciales para el desarrollo económico y social de América Latina. En coherencia con dicho marco, el trabajo debe permitir a los países participantes en el diálogo disponer de una fuente de contraste y aprendizaje sobre su propia situación y perspectivas de reforma.
La modernización del estado y la reforma del servicio civil: Fortalecimiento democrático, consolidación del estado de derecho y eficacia de las políticas públicas
Authors: Echebarría Koldo
Published: March 2024

El presente documento es parte de una serie de trabajos comisionados por el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo para la primera reunión del Diálogo Regional de Política de Gestión Pública y Transparencia que tendrá lugar en la sede del Banco en Washington el 26 y 27 de Abril del 2001. Discute los retos del desarrollo en América latina y el Caribe en cuanto a la modernización del Estado y la importancia del Servicio Civil.
Diagnóstico do Sistema de Serviço Civil do Governo Federal no Brasil
Authors: Marconi Nelson
Published: March 2024

Este documento fue comisionado por la Red de Gestión Públlica y Transparencia del Diálogo Regional de Política para la III Reunión Hemisférica celebrada los días 14 y 15 de noviembre de 2002. Este trabalho visa analisar o sistema de serviço civil e a gestão de recursos humanos da administração pública federal no Brasil.
Fundamentos de Educação Financeira
Authors: Modernell Álvaro
Published: March 2024

Guia educativo projetado para clientes da CAIXA, uma instituição pública de poupança e crédito. Nesta cartilha encontram-se informações básicas sobre educação financeira, dinheiro, bancos, crédito, poupança, investimentos e outros temas. O guia foi produzido como parte do "Programa de Remessas e Capacitação para Emigrantes Brasileiros e seus Beneficiários no Brasil".
Produtos e serviços bancários
Authors: Modernell Álvaro
Published: March 2024

Guia com informações sobre produtos e serviços bancários que estão à disposição dos cidadãos brasileiros com a finalidade de facilitar o seu dia-a-dia. O documento é uma cartilha educativa preparada para clientes da CAIXA, uma instituição pública de poupança e crédito. O guia foi produzido como parte do "Programa de Remessas e Capacitação para Emigrantes Brasileiros e seus Beneficiários no Brasil".
Informações Básicas sobre Crédito
Authors: Modernell Álvaro
Published: March 2024

Guia sobre os conceitos básicos de crédito, incluindo benefícios, riscos e produtos disponívels para os clientes da CAIXA, instituição pública de poupança e crédito. O guia foi produzido como parte do "Programa de Remessas e Capacitação para Emigrantes Brasileiros e seus Beneficiários no Brasil".
Inovação tecnológica no setor de máquinas ferramentas Brasileiro: Um estudo de caso
Authors: Silva Marcos Eugênio da
Published: March 2024

O objetivo do presente trabalho é, a partir da análise da historia de urna firma brasileira produtora de máquinas ferramentas, buscar evidencias empíricas que permitam responder a duas questões: i) Houve inovação tecnológica na firma? ii) Se houve, como se processou a aprendizagem desta tecnologia e em que medida pode-se dizer que a firma gerou tecnologia, dado que ela se encontra localizada em um país subdesenvolvido?
Bridging the Gender Gap in Developing Regions
Authors: Magnoli Alessandro
Published: March 2024

According to conventional wisdom, health and education are important factors for economic and social development: they improve productivity and income distribution, and the poor gain the most. Nonetheless, in many regions of the world not all members of society receive these services equally. To a large extent, women are left out of health and education systems; as a consequence, they constitute an economically and socially disadvantaged group. This article analyzes the gender gaps within health and education in six regions of the developing world: Sub-Saharan Africa; South Asia; East and Southeast Asia; The Middle East and North Africa; Latin America and the Caribbean; Eastern Europe and Central Asia. In all of these regions, there is an unfinished agenda in terms of access and equity.
Education, Family Background and Racial Earnings Inequality in Brazil
Authors: Arias Omar , Yamada Gustavo , Tejerina Luis
Published: March 2024

This study combines survey data with annual state data on pupil-teacher ratios covering broadly the period 1940-90 to investigate the role of race, family background and education (both the quantity and quality) in explaining earnings inequality between whites and the African descendent population (pretos and pardos) in Brazil. The authors estimate quantile Mincer earnings equations to go beyond the usual racial average earnings gaps decompositions. The main findings indicate that differences in human capital, including parental education and education quality, and in its returns, account for most but not all of the earnings gap between the African descendent population and whites. There is evidence of potential greater pay discrimination at the higher salary jobs at any given skill level. The authors also find that returns to education vary significantly across workers. The results suggest that while equalizing access to quality education, including improved early learning environments, is key to reduce inter-racial earnings inequality in Brazil, specific policies are also needed to facilitate non-whites equal access to good quality jobs.
MERCOSUR's Institutionalization Agenda: The Challenges of a Project in Crisis
Authors: Veiga Pedro da Motta
Published: March 2024

This paper formed part of a Conference "Mercosur: In Search of a New Agenda" held in the Getulio Vargas Foundation in Rio de Janeiro in June 2003. The purpose of the Conference was to was to examine future directions for Mercosur in light of emerging political dynamics pointing to renewed interest in deepening the initiative after a turbulent 1999-2002. The papers and the conference were supported by the Integration and Regional Programs Department of the Inter-American Development Bank through its Special Initiative on Trade and Integration. The Department is grateful for the collaboration of the Foundation and in particular to Professor Renato Flores. This paper is based on the conclusion that MERCOSUR suffers from an "institutional deficit". This deficit is associated to lack of credibility on the project, inefficient rules production system, fragile mechanisms that "oblige" country members to the compliance with agreed rules, and to the impacts, of this group of characteristics, over the "degree of effectiveness" of assumed commitments at the subregional level, and the "level of relevancy" of such commitments for the performance of public and private actors from the member countries. Under this view, to institutionalize does not imply the creation of institutions per se, but rather the strengthening of credibility of a rule production and implementation system at the subregional level: this should be the main objective on the institutionalization agenda of the integration process. A MERCOSUR institutionalization agenda is not only part of a minimalist strategy for the perfecting of the process but also constitutes an "informed" vision of the deep integration process. Above any hypothesis this institutionalization agenda must contemplate three priority areas: (i) rule production system: legislation characteristics, a profile of the decision taking structure and the exchange mechanism between domestic policy formulation and the decision-making processes at the subregional level; (ii) secondly, implementation mechanisms of subregional regulations, that is, "obligation" rules of the member states in relation to the fulfillment of assumed commitments within MERCOSUR and (iii) "the focus" of the rules, i.e. their content.
MERCOSUR: In search of a New Agenda
Authors: Crawley Andrew
Published: March 2024

MERCOSUR made substantial achievements in a short period. There was a great deal of liberalization; intra-regional trade increased significantly; a certain sense of regional belonging was inculcated among national publics; and the regional project served as a pretext for national adjustments. Inconsistencies nonetheless persisted between the project¿s goals, on the one hand, and its institutions and mechanisms on the other; there have been persistent gaps between rhetorical aims and concrete practices; and by the turn of the present decade various subregional crises seemed to call MERCOSUR¿s relevance into question. Against that background the Inter-American Bank and the Getulio Vargas Foundation organized a seminar in Rio de Janeiro on June 5 and 6, 2003. The meeting brought together a small group of trade and integration specialists to examine the bloc¿s achievements and problems thus far, and to debate possible elements of a new subregional agenda. Full versions of the papers presented at the seminar are available separately in this Working Paper Series. Throughout the various sessions of the event, moreover, a number of issues recurred in different contexts and were debated from different angles. For those reasons, in general terms this report on the seminar attempts neither a comprehensive summary of each paper nor a session-by-session synthesis of the proceedings. Rather, it takes a thematic approach in an effort to demonstrate which issues emerged as particularly significant in the flow of debate, which arguments were accorded the greatest validity, in which area divergences were apparent, and where the grounds for consensus lay. In outlining the debate in this way, every effort has been made to avoid taking individual viewpoints out of context, while including those opinions in the overall thematic structure.
Understanding U.S. Agricultural Trade Negotiations: A Brief Review of Political and Economic Forces that will Drive U.S. Positions in the World Trade Organization and in the Free Trade of the Americas
Authors: Hathaway Dale E.
Published: March 2024

This paper will examine some political and economic forces and the possible interactions between them that will shape the current US negotiating positions in the WTO and FTAA.
Market Access under the Government Sector's Procurement Agreements
Authors: Rojas Laura
Published: March 2024

The primary purpose of an agreement on government procurement that included the issue of access is to expose that market to stronger competition and closer international scrutiny. Provisions are established for that purpose, binding the Parties to the agreement to apply the principle of nondiscrimination to the legal framework and procurement practices employed by public agencies in their purchases.
Broadening the Agenda for Poverty Reduction: Opportunity, Empowerment, Security
Authors: Lustig Nora , Stern Nicholas
Published: March 2024

Experience from the 1990s has led to a poverty reduction agenda that, on top of promoting economic growth, addresses ingrained inequalities, institutional failures, social barriers, and risks.
Aid for Trade: The Inter-American Development Bank's Experience in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Suominen Kati ,   Inter American Development Bank, Giordano Paolo , Estevadeordal Antoni , Luna Jessica , Jessen Anneke
Published: March 2024

This document summarizes the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) experience as one of the main sources of multilateral development financing in Latin America and the Caribbean. From 2000 to 2005, total financing for economic, social and institutional development projects amounted to US$38.7 billion. In addition, this paper discusses challenges facing the Latin America and the Caribbean region in the area of trade, lessons learned from past experiences, and highlights the gaps in the provision of trade-related assistance. The last section of this document offers recommendations on how the IDB could contribute to global efforts at delivering aid for trade more effectively.
Theory and Evidence on Teacher Policies in Developed and Developing Countries
Authors: Ganimian Alejandro , Vegas Emiliana
Published: March 2024

The past decade has seen the emergence of numerous rigorous impact evaluations of teacher policies. This paper reviews the economic theory and empirical evidence on eight teacher policy goals: (1) setting clear expectations for teachers; (2) attracting the best into teaching; (3) preparing teachers with useful training and experience; (4) matching teachers' skills with students' needs; (5) leading teachers with strong principals; (6) monitoring teaching and learning; (7) supporting teachers to improve instruction; and (8) motivating teachers to perform. The paper also discusses key concepts and methods in econometrics to understand existing studies and offers some directions for future research.
Wealth Gradients in Early Childhood Cognitive Development in Five Latin American Countries
Authors: Bernal Raquel , Bravo David , Araujo María Caridad , Azuero Rodrigo , López Bóo Florencia , Paxson Christina , Vakis Renos , Behrman Jere R. , Macours Karen , Marshall Daniela , Schady Norbert
Published: March 2024

Research from the United States shows that gaps in early cognitive and non-cognitive ability appear early in the life cycle. Little is known about this important question for developing countries. This paper provides new evidence of sharp differences in cognitive development by socioeconomic status in early childhood for five Latin American countries. To help with comparability, we use the same measure of receptive language ability for all five countries. We find important differences in development in early childhood across countries, and steep socioeconomic gradients within every country. For the three countries where we can follow children over time, there are few substantive changes in scores once children enter school. Our results are robust to different ways of defining socioeconomic status, to different ways of standardizing outcomes, and to selective non-response on our measure of cognitive development.
Food Security and Productivity: Impacts of Technology Adoption in Small Subsistence Farmers in Bolivia
Authors: Winters Paul , Salazar Lina , Aramburu Julián , González Mario
Published: March 2024

This paper presents the impact evaluation of CRIAR program, implemented in rural areas in Bolivia. The objective of CRIAR is to increase smallholders' agricultural income and food security through productivity improvements triggered by technological adoption. In this study, we use data from a sample of 1,287 households-817 beneficiaries and 470 controls- interviewed specifically for this evaluation. The econometric approach to estimate the program's impact is an instrumental variable model. This approach addresses possible endogeneity and self-selection issues that might arise from program's implementation. The results present evidence that program participation increased agricultural productivity, household income and improved food security. Overall, this study confirms the importance of considering the role of productive programs as policy tools to address vulnerability to food insecurity.
The Decade of Latin America and the Caribbean: A Real Opportunity
Authors: Moreno Mejía Luis Alberto
Published: March 2024

This book takes a unique look at current economic and social development trends in Latin America and the Caribbean and the region's challenges for the future. The book's author, Luis Alberto Moreno, president of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), highlights the region's strengths as a result of a favorable external environment and its social gains and institutional reforms. He also notes that the region still has a long way to go. Despite the present positive outlook, he says, the region faces risks that future events could still see a downturn if public policies are inadequate, if lessons of the past are forgotten, and if the obstacles that stand in the way of rapidly achieving equity are not recognized.
Workable Pension Systems: Reforms in the Caribbean
Authors: Williams Marion , Rudden Kyle , Medici André , Mitchell Olivia S. , Masci Pietro , Brunton P. Desmond , Osborne Derek M. , Bobb Euric Allan , Dowers Kenroy , Thompson Lawrence H. , Díaz Cassou Javier , Pennisi Giuseppe , Fassina Stefano , Palacios Robert , Herbert A. Charles , Pettinato Stefano
Published: March 2024

The retired population can be expected to make a substantial claim on the economic resources of virtually every nation. This book is geared to helping planners devise workable and efficient pension systems for Caribbean nations. It offers specific discussions of instruments, programs, and experiences in various Latin American and Caribbean nations and potential solutions that draw on the collective expertise and talent in the region.
Old Cities, New Assets: Preserving Latin America's Urban Heritage
Authors: Rojas Eduardo
Published: March 2024

This book examines approaches to involving the private sector in preserving urban heritage. These include interventions by public and private stakeholders in Cartagena, Colombia; operation of a mixed-capital corporation in Quito, Ecuador; and a government-induced private investment program in Recife, Brazil.
From Bullets to Blackboards: Education for Peace in Latin America and Asia
Authors: Reimer J. Kila , Estrada Armas Hugo , Bernal Alarcón Hernando , Guzman José Luiz , Mujica Rosa María , Phomsavanh Khamla , Thomas Anne , Iskandar-Dharmawan Livia , Erisandy Sondang Irene , Tualeka Baihajar , Lachanthaboun Sengdeuane , De los Angeles-Bautista Feny , López Herrán Leonidas , Vargas-Barón Emily , Guzmán de Luna Eduvigis Auxiliadora , Van Thanh Duong , Shimizu Ikuko
Published: March 2024

In areas torn by war and violence, effective education can prepare the next generation for a productive life, heal psychological wounds, prevent cyclical violence, and achieve peace. "From Bullets to Blackboards" profiles ten exemplary education programs in Latin America and Asia, presenting lessons learned in areas such as policy reform, early childhood development, primary and bilingual education, vocational skills for ex-combatants and displaced families, and training for human rights and democracy.
Women's Economic Opportunities in the Formal Private Sector in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Focus on Entrepreneurship
Authors: Ellis Amanda N. , Orlando María Beatriz , Muñoz Boudet Ana Maria , Piras Claudia , Reimao Maira , Cutura Jozefina , Frickenstein Judith , Perez Ane , De Castro Orsi
Published: March 2024

Entrepreneurship contributes to a vibrant private sector and can stimulate broader economic growth. Countries in Latin America and the Caribbean have experienced an important growth of microenterprises led by women, but little is known about the factors that explain this trend. This study, combining quantitative and qualitative data, focuses on women¿s economic opportunities in the formal private sector in the LAC region with a special focus on female entrepreneurship. The objective of the report is to explore if women are choosing size and sector for their micro and SME firms optimally, or if this is the result of multiple constrains, including gender constrains.
IDB in Guatemala
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

This publication reviews IDB activities and operations in Guatemala, providing an individual section for each major development initiative.
E-Promotions: The Value of E-mail Marketing
Authors: Giannoni Gerardo
Published: March 2024

Recent improvements in the Internet are revolutionizing the way companies market their services. This book examines the effectiveness of e-mail promotion as a complement to marketing strategies used by booksellers.
Asymmetries in Regional Integration and Local Development
Authors: Lanzafame Francesco , Bustillo Inés , Hinojosa Ojeda Raúl , Giordano Paolo , Albistur Marin Francisco Xabier , Ocampo José Antonio , Clark Greg , Bouzas Roberto , Campolina Diniz Clélio , Meyer-Stamer Jörg , Markusen Ann
Published: March 2024

This volume discusses frameworks for policies that can help offset the polarizing effects that may be generated by the asymmetrical distribution of the costs and benefits of integration into the global economy.
Regional Public Goods: From Theory to Practice
Authors: Adhikari Ramesh , Negroni Mirka J. , Leino Jessica , Rana P. B. , Nguyen Tam Robert , Rey de Marulanda Nohra , Kremer Michael , Rodríguez Ennio , Arce M. Daniel G. , Sandler Todd , Bronfman Mario , Devlin Robert , Rufín Carlos , Sakai Kazu , Kanbur Ravi , Kahn Matthew E. , Weiss John , Wyplosz Charles , Jessen Anneke , Navarro Juan Carlos , Tungwarara Ozias , Hunt Joseph Michael , Estevadeordal Antoni , Martínez Nogueira Roberto , Taccone Juan José , Carnoy Martin , Kendall Tamil , Frantz Brian , Wescott Clay
Published: March 2024

This book is based on a conference entitled "Regional Public Goods and Regional Development Assistance", held in Washington, D.C. on November 6-7, 2002. It examines how the IDB and the ADB support the provision of regional public goods (RPGs) in Latin America and Asia, respectively. RPGs are products, services, regulatory systems or policy regimes that generate shared benefits for participating countries in such areas as health, education, trade, and infrastructure.
Revitalizing the Jamaican Economy: Policies for Sustained Growth
Authors: Handa Ashu , Downes Andrew S. , Osambela Zavala Emilio , Zahler Roberto , Thomas Desmond , Naranjos Lander Martin , Paredes Molina Ricardo D. , Artana Daniel
Published: March 2024

Revitalizing the Jamaican Economy: Policies for Sustained Growth aims to improve our understanding of the constraints to social and economic development in Jamaica. It also proposes practical solutions to overcome some of those problems. This book is a collection of studies commissioned by the IDB to inform the dialogue and development strategy in Jamaica.
From Growth to Prosperity: Policy Perspectives for Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Cortázar René , Rajack-Talley Ann , Rodríguez Camila , Balgobin Rolph , Escobari Marcela , Omar Deryck , Henry Ralph , Rabkin David , Brown Dennis , St. Catherine Edwin , Navajas Fernando , Elías Carlos , Thomas Wendell , Vignoles Christopher , Rojas-Suárez Liliana , Fairbanks Michael , Jaramillo Fidel , Bour Juan Luis , Artana Daniel , Jessen Anneke
Published: March 2024

The topics covered in the chapters of the report were presented and discussed in a conference organized by the IDB in Port of Spain on July 13th, 2004. After more than a decade of economic growth and despite encouraging prospects for the future, the Trinidad and Tobagp economy remains overly dependent on the oil and gas sector, the public sector lacks capacity, and pockets of poverty persist. How can the country promote sustainable and equitable development, and thus reduce poverty? The Government of Trinidad and Tobago, in consensus with major stakeholders, has confronted this question in its Vision 2020 - an ambitious program that calls for Trinidad and Tobago to achieve developed-country status by the year 2020. As the country sets out to meet this longer term goal, it must begin to tackle some pressing development challenges in the short to medium term, including economic diversifi cation through private sector development, modernization of the public sector and improved social services. In this context, we believe the timing of this report to be most opportune. To achieve sustainable growth and to benefit its citizens more equitably, the country must continue to grapple with major issues. This report sheds light on some of the most pressing ones.
Sources of Growth in Latin America: What Is Missing?
Authors: Fernández-Arias Eduardo , Blyde Juan S. , Gill Indermit S. , Monge Naranjo Alexander , Neumeyer Pablo A. , Fernández Valdovinos Carlos G. , Pinheiro Armando Castelar , Fuentes J. Rodrigo , Hopenhayn Hugo A. , Thomas Mark Roland , Manuelli Rodolfo E. , Chumacero Rómulo A. , Servén Luis
Published: March 2024

The country studies and their background papers included in this book were prepared for the Latin America and the Caribbean section of the "Global Research Project: Explaining Growth" of the Global Development Network (GDN), a research effort conducted in association with the Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association (LACEA). Latin American countries are falling behind. The growth record of Latin America in the recent past has been poor. For decades the average income per capita in Latin America has fallen relative to those of other countries, raising concerns about the capacity of the region to emulate more successful developing countries and lift its living standards closer to those of the developed world. What is failing? Two overview chapters, six country studies and four background thematic studies have been assembled in this book to present a comprehensive answer to this question.
Access, equity and performance: Education in Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Fryer Michelle , Tsang Mun C. , Arevalo Gregorio
Published: March 2024

Many Caribbean nations are embracing knowledge-based and skill-intensive industries to expand their economies. The goal is to boost the competitiveness and productivity of the region's people through investments that lead to a better-educated workforce with more employable skills. This book examines policy and public financing strategies for education in Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago. It is offered in the hope of stimulating further dialogue and reflection on strategic issues related to education financing and development performance. Based on an extensive review of sector and country-specific research conducted by the Bank between 1996 and 2001, the manuscript is very much the product of a team effort.
How Democracy Works: Political Institutions, Actors and Arenas in Latin American Policymaking
Authors: Scartascini Carlos , Stein Ernesto H. , Tommasi Mariano , Jones Mark P. , Saiegh Sebastián , Magaldi de Sousa Mariana , Martínez-Gallardo Cecilia , Zuvanic Laura , Iacoviello Mercedes , Rodríguez Gusta Ana Laura , Monaldi Francisco , Schneider Ben Ross , Murillo Maria Victoria , Schrank Andrew , Hughes Sallie
Published: March 2024

Over the past 30 years, democratic freedoms and competitive electoral processes have taken hold as never before in Latin America. How Democracy Works takes a detailed look, from an institutional perspective, at each of the main actors on the policymaking stage in Latin America, emphasizing the extent to which institutions facilitate or hinder intertemporal political cooperation and compromise. It analyzes official political actors and arenas, as well as a number of societal actors, and explores the (formal) roles of these players, their incentives, capabilities, and the way in which they actually engage in the policymaking game. The conclusion: these political institutions and actors matter for policymaking in Latin America and leave an indelible imprint on the policy process and the resulting policies.
Research Futures: Projecting Agricultural R&D Potentials for Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Sebastian Kate , Wood Stanley , Alston Julian M. , Wood-Sichra Ulrike , Hertford Reed , You Liang , Chan-Kang Connie , Revoredo-Giha César L. , Pardey Philip G. , Beintema Nienke M.
Published: March 2024

This volume offers substantive clarification of the proper roles for public agricultural research and development (R&D) throughout Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) and introduces an analytical framework for assessing cross-country collective action in funding and carrying out research. To inform research policy decisions, the book provides a wealth of newly digested information about trends in agricultural production, productivity, consumption, and trade for the region, placing those trends in a comparative international context. It also provides new information about the spatial patterns of agricultural production and productivity in LAC - especially critical information for making informed research priority decisions given the inherent agroecological specificity of many agricultural technologies.
Growing Pains: Binding Constraints to Productive Investment in Latin America
Authors: Sánchez Gabriel , Delgado Quesada Félix , Blyde Juan S. , Hausmann Ricardo , Klinger Bailey , Agosin Manuel R. , Cueva Armijos Simón , Watson Patrick , Cuevas Mario , Avellán Leopoldo , Albornoz Vicente , Pinheiro Armando Castelar , Butler Inés , Moya Ramiro , Jaramillo Fidel , Bolaños Zamora Rodrigo , Auguste Sebastián , Sookram Sandra , Fernández-Arias Eduardo , Artana Daniel , Daude Christian
Published: March 2024

Why are growth rates in Latin America so disappointing? This book reviews the results of an ambitious research project to determine the binding constraints to growth, that is, the barrier whose removal would yield the greatest benefit in terms of growth. Included are case studies from seven countries in the region: Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Guatemala, Peru, Nicaragua, Trinidad and Tobago.
Policy-Based Finance and Market Alternatives: East Asian Lessons for Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Allen Franklin , Shibata Tsutomu , Santomero Anthony , Cho Yoon Je , Iglesias Augusto , Vittas Dimitri , Stone Bernel , Montenegro Armando , Staking Kim B. , Kruse Douglas , Vives Antonio
Published: March 2024

This book contains a selection of the major presentations from the conference: "Policy-Based Finance and Alternatives for Financial Market Development" held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in early 1996. It explores the generally successful East Asian experiences with policy-based finance and contrasts these with the less successful, directed credit programs undertaken by Latin American and Caribbean governments in their attempts to support specific sectors of their respective economies. This volume extracts universal lessons that are applicable to emerging markets and applies them to the market approach underway in most of the countries in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Policymaking in Latin America: How Politics Shapes Policies
Authors: Pachón Mónica , Mueller Bernardo , Penfold Michael , Monaldi Francisco , Nacif Benito , Obuchi Richard , Negretto Gabriel , Vial Joaquín , Araujo María Caridad , Molinas José R. , Saiegh Sebastián , Pereira Carlos , Alston Lee J. , Montero Marcela , Lehoucq Fabrice , Junguito Roberto , Spiller Pablo T. , González de Pacheco Rosa Amelia , Melo Marcus André , Stein Ernesto H. , Pérez-Liñán Aníbal , Mejía Acosta Andrés , Cárdenas Mauricio , Navia Patricio , Londregan John , Benton Allyson Lucinda , Aparicio Francisco Javier , Tommasi Mariano , Scartascini Carlos , Aninat Cristóbal
Published: March 2024

What determines the capacity of countries to design, approve and implement effective public policies? To address this question, this book builds on the results of case studies of political institutions, policymaking processes, and policy outcomes in eight Latin American countries. The result is a volume that benefits from both micro detail on the intricacies of policymaking in individual countries and a broad cross-country interdisciplinary analysis of policymaking processes in the region.
The Millennium Development Goals in Latin America and the Caribbean: Progress, Priorities and IDB Support for their Implementation
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

The Millennium Development Goals were formalized in the Millennium Declaration, which was endorsed by 189 Heads of State and Government at the United Nations Millennium Summit of 2000. Achieving these Goals through sustainable growth and advances in key areas such as education, health, environmental sustainability and gender equality, is recognized as a challenge for developing and developed countries alike. This report analyzes the progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) in Latin America and the Caribbean so far and assesses the scope of the challenges that remain. It presents some suggestions to adapt the MDG agenda to the realities and stages of development of the countries of the region, a summary of recent Bank activities to support the MDGs, and some reflections on priorities for the period to 2015 and beyond.
Agricultural Trade Liberalization: Policies and Implications for Latin America
Authors: Chaddad Fabio R. , Kutas Géraldine , Gardner Bruce , Jales Mário Queiroz de Monteiro , Azevedo Paulo F. , Thomas Marcelle , Barros Geraldo Sant'Ana de Camargo , Robinson Sherman , Gaisford James D. , Miranda Sílvia Helena Galvão , Orden David , Hathaway Dale E. , Da Cunha Filho Joaquim Henrique , Kerr William A. , Watanuki Masakazu , Fuchsloch Ian , Bureau Jean-Christophe , Jank Marcos Sawaya , Burnquist Heliosa Lee , Cattaneo Andrea , Farina Elizabeth , Díaz-Bonilla Eugenio , Depetris Guiguet Edith , Monteagudo Josefina
Published: March 2024

This book investigates key issues in regard to liberalization of agricultural trade in the Western Hemisphere, including potential scenarios for liberalization at the regional and multilateral levels, the effects of U.S. and European Union agricultural policies on trade, and how a Free Trade Area of the Americas and a European Union-MERCOSUR trade agreement might affect agricultural trade flows. It also examines agricultural liberalization in the U.S.-Central America Free Trade Agreement and suggests a food security typology for use by the World Trade Organization.
Sustainable Development: Mission, Actions and Challenges
Authors: Fierro Luis
Published: March 2024

Development requires more than financial resources. It also requires pertinent projects and the creation and transfer of knowledge and experiences about the various issues that, together, have an impact on economic, social and political development. This includes traditional areas such as agriculture and rural development, infrastructure and financial markets, and education and poverty reduction, as well as issues whose impacts on economic development have been recognized more recently. This book is designed to provide a quick overview of the IDB's Sustainable Development Department (SDS).
The Fiscal Institutions of Tomorrow
Authors: Prats Cabrera Joan Oriol , Marcel Mario , Corbacho Ana , Martínez Guzman Juan Pablo , Pimenta Carlos , García Osío Gustavo , Chrisney Martin D. , Crespi Gustavo , Sanginés Mario , Farias Pedro
Published: March 2024

The Fiscal Institutions of Tomorrow, the first publication in the series Institutions for People, addresses issues of public management that are key to economic development in Latin America and the Caribbean. It presents the challenges that the countries in the region face to strengthen fiscal institutions with a view to the future and with policy recommendations. This publication serves as reference material for policymakers and economic analysts interested in studying the evolution of fiscal institutions in the region and identifying areas to improve governance.
Public Development Banks: Toward a New Paradigm?
Authors: Maffioli Alessandro , Rodríguez César M. , Palma Arancibia Cristián , Gomes Lorenzo José Juan , De Olloqui Fernando , Nieder Frank , Monge-González Ricardo , Chrisney Martin D. , Netto Maria
Published: March 2024

The second publication in the series "Institutions for People" focuses on the public development banks of Latin America and the Caribbean as they enter a new paradigm. In the last 10 to 15 years, these institutions have made considerable progress in the region towards fulfilling their undoubted potential as effective public policy tools. If this trajectory of operational andfinancial improvement can be consolidated, and public development banks can demonstrate their impact on development, they will be well placed to face even more complex challenges, such as climate change and productive development. Throughout its six chapters, this book tackles the theme from an integral perspective, analyzing the institutional aspects needed, and the financial and nonfinancial instruments available, to consolidate the role of public development banks in promoting development with fiscal and financial responsibility. The approach is structured according to the questions arising from the current situation, which relate to the significance of these institutions within financial systems, the impact evaluations of their performance, and the new challenges and opportunities they face. In summary, this book is useful for governments and public development banks, as well as for academics and decision makers interested in achieving sustainable financing for both current and future generations in the region.
Entrepreneurship in Latin America: A Step Up the Social Ladder?
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

This book looks at the potential and the limits of policies to promote entrepreneurship as an important vehicle for social mobility in Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as steps to remove the constrains that hamper entrepreneurship. This volume assesses the relevant literature on entrepreneurship and connects it with new developments in the analysis of the middle class and social mobility.
Más crecimiento, más equidad: Prioridades de desarrollo en Guatemala
Authors: Carreño Liliana , Espitia Aviléz Gonzalo , Roca Jerónimo , Kugler Adriana , Sánchez Mario , Vodusek Ziga , Duarte Jesús , Alvarado Nathalie , Barreix Alberto Daniel , Straface Fernando , Granados Jaime , Cuevas Mario , Behrman Jere R. , Jones Mark P. , Stein Ernesto H. , Beliz Gustavo , Gutiérrez Rocha Mario , Bos María Soledad , Ñopo Hugo R. , Auguste Sebastián , Pineda Mannheim Carlos R. , Duryea Suzanne , Gonzales Alberto , Maluccio John A. , Zeballos Erick
Published: March 2024

La estructura y selección de temas de la presente publicación responde, en su mayor parte, a un diagnóstico de crecimiento para Guatemala realizado en 2007, donde se identificaron un conjunto de factores que afectan las posibilidades de desarrollo del país. A lo largo de estas páginas hay un reconocimiento tácito de que, si bien todos los desafíos de desarrollo de una economía son importantes en sí mismos, las principales restricciones al crecimiento varían de país a país. Lo principal radica en priorizarlas como objeto de acción de políticas públicas. Este libro consta de cuatro partes que abarcan desde la identificación de limitantes, agregados y sectoriales, al crecimiento económico de Guatemala hasta el planteamiento de reflexiones y propuestas en el área social que invitan a un diálogo fructífero que permita conducir al país por la senda de más crecimiento con más equidad. No sólo se asume la existencia de importantes retos fiscales, comerciales y sociales, y problemas de exclusión por atender en Guatemala, sino que también se dan propuestas y recomendaciones de política. Sin pretender agotar la discusión sobre los desafíos de desarrollo del país, esta publicación intenta revelar las distintas aristas económicas y sociales que encierran la dinámica de crecimiento y equidad de Guatemala.
Sembrando para el futuro: Apoyos al sector agrícola, política agraria y seguridad alimentaria en la Región Andina
Authors: Trapido Paul , Josling Timothy , Fernández Díez María Carmen , Goñi Pacchioni Edwin A.
Published: March 2024

América Latina -y en particular la Región Andina- ha experimentado una década de crecimiento superior al registrado en otras regiones del mundo1 y en otros períodos de su historia reciente.2 Este crecimiento ha sido en parte conducido exógenamente por la coyuntura internacional favorable para los países ricos en recursos naturales, y en parte facilitado por las reformas que prepararon a los mercados latinoamericanos y andinos para responder a las nuevas necesidades de la demanda global. Entre otros factores, las reformas macroeconómicas que lograron la estabilidad cambiaria e inflacionaria, complementadas con mejoras institucionales de acceso a la información para la formación y regulación de precios, han posibilitado y fortalecido la integración y apertura comercial en todos los países de la región. Asimismo, las políticas de inversión en bienes públicos, infraestructura energética y vial han contribuido a una mayor actividad económica, y a la creación (y distribución) de más excedentes en varios sectores de estas economías. Uno de los sectores más influenciados por estas reformas ha sido el agropecuario.
Una obra en marcha: El Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo y la protección del patrimonio cultural
Authors: Rojas Eduardo
Published: March 2024

"Una Obra en Marcha" recoge las ponencias de un seminario internacional de expertos en relaciones entre cultura y desarrollo. Los participantes muestran cómo la cultura, parte del patrimonio social de individuos y comunidades, es herramienta del desarrollo económico y social.
Estudios de caso para la investigación y el aprendizaje sobre buenas prácticas en la gerencia social
Authors: Barzelay Michael , Parrilla Ekaterina , Di Virgilio María Mercedes , Moro Javier , Vera Miguel , Mezones Francisco , Cortázar Velarde Juan Carlos
Published: March 2024

Esta publicación que recoge el producto de investigaciones de los docentes del Programa INDES-Guatemala, transformadas en estudios de caso sobre buenas prácticas de gerencia social. En el INDES propiciamos este tipo de investigación aplicada, conscientes como estamos de que la escasez de estudios sobre el proceso gerencial en el ámbito de las políticas y programas sociales dificulta no sólo las labores de formación en gerencia social que se desarrollan en la región, sino también los esfuerzos por mejorar las prácticas gerenciales de quienes son responsables de la marcha de los programas sociales en la región. Los estudios de caso que recoge esta compilación editada por el Programa INDES-Guatemala, fueron elaborados a partir de experiencias guatemaltecas relevantes para la gerencia social y, con posibilidad de reconocer prácticas relevantes para otros países de la región. Con su publicación pretendemos contribuir al fortalecimiento de los esfuerzos de formación que desarrollan universidades y centros de capacitación, tanto en el país de origen de las experiencias, Guatemala, como en los demás países de la región; complementariamente, a que los gerentes sociales comprendan mejor, tanto el complejo contexto sociopolítico y organizativo en el cual deben actuar, como los procesos gerenciales en que están involucrados, extrayendo aprendizajes aplicables a su labor.
Juventudes, violencia y exclusión: Desafíos para las políticas públicas
Authors: Repetto Fabián , Rocha José Luis , Saraví Gonzalo A. , Carranza Marlon , Hopenhayn Martín , Moro Javier , Carrera Carlos , Cabrera Dina , Kessler Gabriel , Cruz José Miguel
Published: March 2024

Este libro ha sido generado a partir de un seminario que bajo el mismo nombre y con auspicio de la Comisión Presidencial Coordinadora de la Política del Ejecutivo en Materia de Derechos Humanos (COPREDEH), desarrollado en la Ciudad de Guatemala en octubre del año 2005, en el marco de las actividades del Programa Nacional INDES-Guatemala. Allí, un conjunto de expertos de la región, de algunas ONGs locales y de la mencionada COPREDEH, más los aportes de colegas del mismo INDES, dieron forma a dicho evento dirigido a profesionales que se desempeñaban en organizaciones dedicadas al trabajo con jóvenes en situaciones de pobreza y exclusión social. Este libro aspira a contribuir al enriquecimiento del debate teórico y político en torno a los complejos lazos de la exclusión y la violencia en relación a los jóvenes, así como también a reflexionar críticamente sobre las diversas formas de intervenciones públicas y los retos que devienen para las políticas.
La gerencia social ante los nuevos retos del desarrollo social en América Latina
Authors: Repetto Fabián , Contreras Manuel E. , Moro Javier , Vera Miguel , Mezones Francisco
Published: March 2024

Este libro trata de aportes destinados a profundizar la reflexión sobre la gerencia social de la región tomando en cuenta los nuevos desafíos socio económicos y políticos, culturales y organizacionales que enfrentan cada uno de los países de América Latina y el Caribe
El impacto sectorial del proceso de integración subregional en Centroamérica: sector lácteo y sector metalmecánico (aparatos eléctricos)
Authors:   Fundación Salvadoreña para el Desarrollo Económico y Social,   Universidad de Costa Rica,   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

En el sector lácteo la década que cubre este trabajo se caracterizó por profundas modificaciones del entorno económico de la subregión, que condujeron a las naciones centroamericanas a promover simultáneamente procesos de integración y de apertura, con el fin de lograr una reinserción en el espacio económico global. Ambos procesos han afectado de manera positiva el comercio de productos lácteos en la subregión, aunque resulte metodológicamente difícil separar los efectos de cada uno de los procesos. Asimismo, el fin de la crisis político-militar de la subregión y la reactivación consiguiente del aparato productivo, han promovido el crecimiento del consumo, producción y comercio de lácteos en Centroamérica. Por otra parte, el sector metalmecánico (aparatos eléctricos) ha estado caracterizado por la amplia heterogeneidad de productos que son clasificados dentro de la categoría 383 en el código CIIU, lo que dificulta el análisis integrado del sector y la comparación entre países. Los resultados de este esfuerzo académico se presenta en este estudio.
Destrabando las Arterias: El impacto de los costos de transporte en el comercio de América Latina y el Caribe (Resumen Ejecutivo)
Authors: Blyde Juan S. , Volpe Martincus Christian , Mesquita Moreira Mauricio
Published: March 2024

Este informe, elaborado por el Sector Integración y Comercio del BID, propone reenfocar la agenda de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) en materia de comercio. El análisis realizado busca traer al centro del debate de políticas los costos del comercio que tradicionalmente han sido rezagados a un segundo planto, en particular los costos de transporte.