bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploration on Quantum Chemical Potential Energy Surfaces
Authors: Ohno Koichi , Satoh Hiroko
Published: December 2022

Written chemical formulas, such as C2H6O, can tell us the constituent atoms a molecule contains but they cannot differentiate between the possible geometrical arrangements (isomers) of these models. Yet the chemical properties of different isomers can vary hugely. Therefore, to understand the world of chemistry we need to ask what kind of isomers can be produced from a given atomic composition, how are isomers converted into each other, how do they decompose into smaller pieces, and how can they be made from smaller pieces? The answers to these questions will help us to discover new chemistry and new molecules. A potential energy surface (PES) describes a system, such as a molecule, based on geometrical parameters. The mathematical properties of the PES can be used to calculate probable isomer structures as well as how they are formed and how they might behave.

Exploration on Quantum Chemical Potential Energy Surfaces focuses on the PES search based on quantum chemical calculations. It describes how to explore the chemical world on PES, discusses fundamental methods and specific techniques developed for efficient exploration on PES, and demonstrates several examples of the PES search for chemical structures and reaction routes.
Towards a standardized multi-tissue decellularization protocol for the derivation of extracellular matrix materials
Authors: Biehl Andreea , Gracioso Martins Ana M. , Davis Zachary G. , Sze Daphne , Collins Leonard , Mora-Navarro Camilo , Fisher Matthew B. , Freytes Donald O.
Published: December 2022

This study represents the first proof-of-concept standardized automated multi-tissue decellularization protocol for the derivation of ECM biomaterials.
A ruthenium nitrosyl complex-based highly selective colorimetric sensor for biological H2S and H2S–NO cross-talk regulated release of NO
Authors: Sharma Nancy , Kumar Vinod , Jose D. Amilan
Published: December 2022

A ruthenium nitrosyl complex (1·NO) and 1·NO incorporated phospholipid-based liposomes (Lip-1·NO) were reported for highly selective colorimetric detection of H2S. The probe 1·NO selectively “cross-talks” with H2S and releases nitric oxide (NO) in the process.
Construction of Bi2WO6 with double active sites of tunable metallic Bi and oxygen vacancies for photocatalytic oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanone
Authors: Wang Junlei , Wang Kuan , He Zhen-Hong , Sun Tong , You Run-Jing , Chen Jian-Gang , Wang Weitao , Yang Yang , Liu Zhao-Tie
Published: December 2022

Bi2WO6 with double active sites of tunable metallic Bi and oxygen vacancies is constructed to achieve the highly efficient and selective photocatalytic oxidation of cyclohexane with air under solvent-free conditions.
Scope and limitations of absolute configuration determination of allenic natural products using the CCC stretching VCD signal
Authors: Taniguchi Tohru , Mutmainah  , Takimoto Shu , Suzuki Takahiro , Watanabe Soichiro , Matsuda Fuyuhiko , Umezawa Taiki , Monde Kenji
Published: December 2022

VCD spectroscopy was applied to allenic natural products to elucidate their axial chirality. The sign and intensity of CCC antistretching VCD signal were found to be affected by substituents on the allene.
Distinct insight into the use of difunctional double-decker silsesquioxanes as building blocks for alternating A–B type macromolecular frameworks
Authors: Duszczak Julia , Mrzygłód Aleksandra , Mituła Katarzyna , Dutkiewicz Michał , Januszewski Rafał , Rzonsowska Monika , Dudziec Beata , Nowicki Marek , Kubicki Maciej
Published: December 2022

A distinct look at known, hydrosilylation reactions used for the formation of DDSQ-based linear A–B alternating macromolecular systems with DPn > 1000 is presented. Selected physicochemical properties of obtained hybrid co-polymers were determined.
MnO2-based materials for supercapacitor electrodes: challenges, strategies and prospects
Authors: Liu Juyin , Bao Jiali , Zhang Xin , Gao Yanfang , Zhang Yao , Liu Ling , Cao Zhenzhu
Published: December 2022

A review on the progress in experimental, simulation and theoretical studies for the modification of MnO2-based electrode materials from different perspectives of morphology, defect and heterojunction engineering.
Development of a new electrochemical method for the determination of copper(ii) at trace levels in environmental and food samples
Authors: Tesfaye Endale , Chandravanshi Bhagwan Singh , Negash Negussie , Tessema Merid
Published: December 2022

This paper presents a new modified carbon paste electrode withN1-hydroxy-N1,N2-diphenylbenzamidine and multi-walled carbon nanotubes for highly sensitive and selective determination of Cu(ii) usingsquare wave anodic stripping voltammetry technique.
Effective perspiration is essential to uphold the stability of zero-gap MEA-based cathodes used in CO2 electrolysers
Authors: Hu Huifang , Kong Ying , Liu Menglong , Kolivoška Viliam , Rudnev Alexander V. , Hou Yuhui , Erni Rolf , Vesztergom Soma , Broekmann Peter
Published: December 2022

Polymeric capping agents, used to stabilize NP catalysts of CO2 electroreduction clog GDE micropores, causing electrolysis performance loss.
Synthesis of platinum nanoparticles on strontium titanate nanocuboidsviasurface organometallic grafting for the catalytic hydrogenolysis of plastic waste
Authors: McCullough Katherine E. , Peczak Ian L. , Kennedy Robert M. , Wang Yi-Yu , Lin James , Wu Xun , Paterson Alexander L. , Perras Frédéric A. , Hall Jacklyn , Kropf A. Jeremy , Hackler Ryan A. , Shin Youngho , Niklas Jens , Poluektov Oleg G. , Wen Jianguo , Huang Wenyu , Sadow Aaron D. , Poeppelmeier Kenneth R. , Delferro Massimiliano , Ferrandon Magali S.
Published: December 2022

Pt/SrTiO3nanoparticle catalysts have been synthesized by surface organometallic chemistry in solution on a 5 g scale. Pt/SrTiO3selectively and repeatedly upcycles isotactic polypropylene into uniform liquid products withMn∼ 200 Da.
Pt(ii) metallacycles encapsulated by ferritin enable precise cancer combination chemo-photodynamic therapy
Authors: Min‡ Xuehong , Li‡ Ming , Zhang‡ Wenjing , Li Run-Hao , Zhang Zhe , Wang Pingshan , Su Weide , Li Feng , Sun Yue , Liu Yi
Published: December 2022

We developed a multi-therapeutic organoplatinum-based drug (HFn-PtM) with good water solubility and active targeting via capturing metallacycles into the cavity of human heavy chain ferritin nanocages, which exhibited excellent anti-tumor efficiency.
Ionic liquid gated unipolar inverters with tunable switching voltage and excellent noise margin
Authors: Yadav Yogesh , Singh Samarendra P.
Published: December 2022

Solution-processable organic semiconductor-based ambient-stable and flexible-compatible ionic liquid-gated inverter with a gain >10 and noise margin ≈60% paves the way for the integration of ionic liquid-gated logic components into circuits.
VERTICO
Authors: Jiménez-Donaire María J. , Brown Toby , Wilson Christine D. , Roberts Ian D. , Zabel Nikki , Ellison Sara L. , Thorp Mallory , Villanueva Vicente , Chown Ryan , Bisaria Dhruv , Bolatto Alberto D. , Boselli Alessandro , Catinella Barbara , Chung Aeree , Cortese Luca , Davis Timothy A. , Lagos Claudia D. P. , Lee Bumhyun , Parker Laura C. , Spekkens Kristine , Stevens Adam R. H. , Sun Jiayi
Published: December 2022

Aims. In this Virgo Environment Traced in CO (VERTICO) science paper, we aim to study how the star formation process depends on the galactic environment and gravitational interactions in the context of galaxy evolution. We explore the scaling relation between the star formation rate surface density (ΣSFR) and the molecular gas surface density (Σmol), also known as the Kennicutt-Schmidt relation, in a subsample of Virgo cluster spiral galaxies.

Methods. We used new Atacama Compact Array and Total Power (ACA+TP) observations from the VERTICO-Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Large Program at 720 pc resolution to resolve the molecular gas content, as traced by the 12CO (2 − 1) transition, across the disks of 37 spiral galaxies in the Virgo cluster. In combination with archival UV and IR observations used to determine the star formation rate (SFR), we estimated the parameters of the Kennicutt-Schmidt (KS) relation for the entire ensemble of galaxies, and within individual galaxies.

Results. We find the KS slope for the entire population to be N = 0.97 ± 0.07, with a characteristic molecular gas depletion time of 1.86 Gyr for our full sample, which is in agreement with previous work in isolated, nearby star-forming galaxies. In individual galaxies, we find that the KS slope ranges between 0.69 and 1.40, and that typical star formation efficiencies of molecular gas can vary from galaxy to galaxy by a factor of ∼4. These galaxy-to-galaxy variations account for ∼0.20 dex in scatter in the ensemble KS relation, which is characterized by a 0.42 dex scatter. In addition, we find that the HI-deficient galaxies in the Virgo cluster show a steeper resolved KS relation and lower molecular gas efficiencies than HI-normal cluster galaxies.

Conclusions. While the molecular gas content in galaxies residing in the Virgo cluster appears – to first order – to behave similarly to that in isolated galaxies, our VERTICO sample of galaxies shows that cluster environments play a key role in regulating star formation. The environmental mechanisms affecting the HI galaxy content also have a direct impact on the star formation efficiency of molecular gas in cluster galaxies, leading to longer depletion times in HI-deficient members.
Wochenbett
Authors: Bernard Heidi
Published: December 2022

Für einen guten Start ins erste Lebensjahr

Im ersten Lebensjahr werden wichtige Weichen für die Gesundheit des Kindes
gestellt. Unsere Expert*innen vermitteln praxisnah und anschaulich, wie Sie
Frauen und Familien dabei unterstützen können.
Balint-Psychodrama – Die Bedeutung des Körpers in der
Balint-Arbeit*
Authors: Bachmann Jean-Pierre
Published: December 2022

Der Autor gibt einem kurzen Überblick über den Stellenwert des
Körpers in Freuds Gedanken und die Bedeutung, die Michael Balint dem
Körper in seiner Arbeit als Psychoanalytiker beimaß; dann geht
er der Frage nach, welchen Stellenwert der Körper in der Balint-Arbeit
einnimmt.

In den 1970-er Jahren hat die französische Psychoanalytikerin und
Psychodramatikerin Anne Caïn das Balint-Psychodrama entwickelt, eine
Methode, die Balint-Arbeit mit dem psychoanalytischen Psychodrama verbindet. Ein
wesentlicher Aspekt liegt in der Wiedereinführung des Körpers in
die Balint-Arbeit, weshalb sich die Methode hervorragend für die Aus-
und Weiterbildung von Ärzten, Psychologen und Menschen in anderen
helfenden Berufen anbietet.

Ein klinisches Beispiel einer Balint-Psychodramasitzung beschreibt diesen Prozess
der Mobilisierung des Körpers, der das Wiederauftauchen eines
verschütteten motorischen Gedächtnisses und das der Affekte
fördert. Das Durchlaufen des psychodramatischen Spiels mit seinen
Rollenwechseln und das Wiedererleben einer rekonstruierten Szene aus dem
Berufsleben fördern die Identifikationsphänomene des Referenten,
die die Grundlage für jedes emotionale Verständnis des Patienten
bilden; sie ermöglichen das Wiederentdecken von
Körpererfahrungen, die an der Gegenübertragung des Referenten
beteiligt sind.
Benefits of Combined MRI Sequences in Meningioma Consistency Prediction: A Prospective Study of 287 Consecutive Patients
Authors: Limpastan Kriengsak , Unsrisong Kittisak , Vaniyapong Tanat , Norasetthada Thunya , Watcharasaksilp Wanarak , Jetjumnong Chumpon
Published: December 2022

Objective Consistency of meningiomas is one of the most important factors affecting the completeness of removal and major risks of meningioma surgery. This study used preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences in single and in combination to predict meningioma consistency.

Methods The prospective study included 287 intracranial meningiomas operated on by five attending neurosurgeons at Chiang Mai University Hospital from July 2012 through June 2020. The intraoperative consistency was categorized in four grades according to the method of surgical removal and intensity of ultrasonic aspirator, then correlated with preoperative tumor signal intensity pattern on MRI including T1-weighted image, T2-weighted image (T2WI), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and diffusion-weighted image (DWI), which were described as hypointensity, isointensity, and hyperintensity signals which were blindly interpreted by one neuroradiologist.

Results Among 287 patients, 29 were male and 258 female. The ages ranged from 22 to 83 years. A total of 189 tumors were situated in the supratentorial space and 98 were in the middle fossa and infratentorial locations. Note that 125 tumors were found to be of soft consistency (grades 1, 2) and 162 tumors of hard consistency (grades 3, 4). Hyperintensity signals on T2WI, FLAIR, and DWI were significantly associated with soft consistency of meningiomas (relative risk [RR] 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.35–3.03, p = 0.001, RR 2.19, 95% CI 1.43–3.35, p < 0.001, and RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.02–2.11, p = 0.037, respectively). Further, chance to be soft consistency significantly increased when two and three hyperintensity signals were combined (RR 2.75, 95% CI 1.62–4.65, p ≤ 0.001, RR 2.79, 95% CI 1.58–4.93, p < 0.001, respectively). Hypointensity signals on T2WI, FLAIR, and DWI were significantly associated with hard consistency of meningiomas (RR 1.82, 95% CI 1.18–2.81, p = 0.007, RR 1.80, 95% CI 1.15–2.83, p = 0.010, RR 1.67, 95% CI 1.07–2.59, p = 0.023, respectively) and chance to be hard consistency significantly increased when three hypointensity signals were combined (RR 1.82, 95% CI 1.11–2.97, p = 0.017).

Conclusion T2WI, FLAIR, and DWI hyperintensity signals of the meningiomas was solely significantly associated with soft consistency and predictive value significantly increased when two and three hyperintensity signals were combined. Each of hypointensity signals on T2WI, FLAIR, and DWI was significantly associated with hard consistency of tumors and tendency to be hard consistency significantly increased when hypointensity was found in all three sequences.
Highly crystalline In2S3 thin films epitaxially grown on sapphire substrates
Authors: Jawinski Tanja , Sturm Chris , Clausing Roland , Kempa Heiko , Grundmann Marius , Scheer Roland , von Wenckstern Holger
Published: December 2022

Indium sulfide (In2S3) thin films were deposited on glass and sapphire substrates by physical co-evaporation of the elements. The deposition parameters were varied to optimize the structural properties of the thin films. The sample epitaxially grown on a-sapphire substrate shows the smoothest surface and the highest crystallinity. The optical absorption properties were found to be independent on the deposition parameters and substrate material. We found for In2S3 a weakly pronounced absorption onset at 1.7 eV and a strong one at 2.5 eV, which can be attributed to direct band–band transitions located at 2.1 and 2.7 eV, respectively. Electrical characterization reveals photovoltaic activity with p-ZnCo2O4/ n-In2S3 heterodiodes but low performance due to non-ideal heterojunction properties. We further find a strong, persistent photoconductivity, which manifests itself in a strong time-dependence of the dark resistivity after the samples were exposed to light.
Guy Kendall White 1925–2018
Authors: Collocott Stephen J. , Finlayson Trevor R.
Published: December 2022

Guy Kendall White graduated from the University of Sydney, obtaining a BSc (Hons) (1st class) in 1945 and an MSc in 1947. He attended the University of Oxford and obtained a DPhil, studying low-temperature physics in the Clarendon Laboratory. He had a productive research career as a condensed matter experimental physicist, focusing on transport and thermophysical properties of solids at low temperatures. He had an extensive network of international collaborators and, in 1959, authored Experimental Techniques in Low-Temperature Physics, which came to be regarded as an essential handbook for those doing low-temperature physics. He was a world leader in the field of thermal expansion in solids at low temperatures. He produced important compilations of thermophysical data that are of great value to technologists, scientists and engineers. He was influential in the development of the discipline of solid state physics in Australia, and his mentoring launched the careers of many young scientists.
Measurement and optional classifiers in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Chen Yi-Hsun
Published: December 2022

This paper presents a compositional analysis of the fact that Mandarin individuating classifiers are systematically optional in various degree constructions (see also Lin & Schaeffer 2018 for experimental evidence), by taking a mixed approach incorporating the insights from Chierchia (1998; 2010) that Mandarin nouns denote kind terms and individuating classifiers offer the level of individuation and those from Krifka (1995) that (bare) numerals do not encode the cardinality function. By considering (bare) numerals as degree terms (e.g., Hackl 2001; Nouwen 2010; Rett 2014; Kennedy 2015, among many others), the mixed approach advocated here embraces the hypothesis that the locus of variation between English and Mandarin lies in neither the semantics of nouns nor that of numerals, but in the measure operators: these linguistic elements (including sortal/individuating classifiers) are necessary to mediate between numerals and nouns to avoid the semantic type-mismatch. The proposed analysis of individuating classifiers not only explains the role of Mandarin individuating classifiers in degree constructions (i.e., their syntactic optionality, along with a semantic variation in the dimension of comparison), but also closely connects with Bale & Barner’s (2009) idea about quantity judgments that comparative constructions can be used as a reliable diagnostic of the mass-count distinction in natural languages beyond English. Specifically, the fact that Mandarin unclassified nouns allow both cardinality and non-cardinality monotonic dimensions in a variety of degree constructions based on quantity judgments indicates that they are mass-count neutral; a tentative semantics of Mandarin nouns for their mass-count neutrality is thus suggested. Some factors leading to the individuation of nouns are also discussed.
Man’s best friend and our shared infectious diseases
Authors: Macpherson Maxine L.A. , Pinckney Rhonda , Sylvester Wayne , Bidaisee Satesh , Macpherson Calum N.L.
Published: December 2022

This review categorizes 62 zoonoses humans share with dogs based on their clinical, public health importance, and global distribution. Three categories were identified. Category 1 comprise the most widespread and public health important zoonoses and includes 13 zoonoses where dogs play an essential role in the maintenance and transmission of the infectious organisms. This category comprises
Rabies lyssavirus
,
Leptospirosis, Leishmania, Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei
spp
., Clonorchis sinsensis, Opisthorchis viverrini, Paragonimus
spp
., Echinococcus granulosus, Echinococcus multilocularis, Taenia multiceps, Dracunculus medinensis, Toxocara canis, Ancylostoma
spp
.,
and
Strongyloides stercoralis.
Category 2 includes 24 zoonoses of lesser public health importance in which human or dog behavior plays a major role in transmission. Category 2 includes,
Microsporum
spp
., Prevotella
spp
., Bacteroides
spp
., Porphyromonas
spp
., Bergeyella zoohelcum, Neisseria
spp
., Pasteurella
spp
., Capnocytophaga canimorsus, Staphylococcus
spp
., Streptococcus
spp
., Salmonella
spp
., Anaplasma
spp
., Ehrlichia
spp
., Borrelia
spp
., Rickettsia
spp
., Yersina pestis, Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium
spp
., Toxoplasma gondii, Dibothriocephalus latum, Spirometra
spp
., Schistosoma
spp
., Echinococcus canadensis,
and
Sarcoptes scabei var canis.
Category 3 includes human infection where the zoonotic infection link is rare but has occasionally implicated dogs. This category includes SARS-CoV-2,
Bordetella bronchiseptica, Mycobacterium
spp
., Corynebacterium
spp
., Coxiella burnetti, Helicobacter
spp.
, Campylobacter
spp
., Brucella canis, Balantioides coli, Blastocystis hominis, Bacillus anthracis, Dipylidium caninum, Taenia
spp
., Trichuris vulpis, Gnathostoma
spp
., Thelazia
spp
., Dirofilaria
spp
., Onchocera lupi, Heterophyes heterophyes, Metagonimus
spp.
, Fasciolopsis buski, Ctenocephalides felis, Cheyletiella
spp
., Otodectes cynotis
, and
Cochliomya homnivorax
. Changes in human behavior and control of canine infection would reduce the public health importance of these zoonoses.
The new discontinuous Galerkin methods based numerical relativity program Nmesh
Authors: Tichy Wolfgang , Ji Liwei , Adhikari Ananya , Rashti Alireza , Pirog Michal
Published: December 2022

Interpreting gravitational wave observations and understanding the physics of astrophysical compact objects such as black holes or neutron stars requires accurate theoretical models. Here, we present a new numerical relativity computer program, called Nmesh, that has the design goal to become a next generation program for the simulation of challenging relativistic astrophysics problems such as binary black hole or neutron star mergers. In order to efficiently run on large supercomputers, Nmesh uses a discontinuous Galerkin method together with a domain decomposition and mesh refinement that parallelizes and scales well. In this work, we discuss the various numerical methods we use. We also present results of test problems such as the evolution of scalar waves, single black holes and neutron stars, as well as shock tubes. In addition, we introduce a new positivity limiter that allows us to stably evolve single neutron stars without an additional artificial atmosphere, or other more traditional limiters.
Flight and ground demonstration of reproducibility and stability of photoelectric properties for passive charge management using LEDs
Authors: Buchman S , Al Saud T S M , Alfauwaz A , Byer R l , Klupar P , Lipa J , Lui C Y , Saraf S , Wang S , Worden P
Published: December 2022

Charges as small as 1 pC degrade the performance of high precision inertial reference instruments when accumulated on their test masses (TMs). Non-contact charge management systems are required for the most sensitive of these instruments, with the TMs free-floating, and their charges compensated by photoelectrons in a feedback loop with a TM charge measurement. Three space missions have successfully demonstrated this technique: the Relativity Mission, Gravity Probe-B launched in 2004, the LISA Pathfinder launched in 2015, and the UV-LED mission launched on SaudiSat 4 in 2014; with the first two using the 254 nm Hg discharge line and the last one a set of 255 nm UV-LEDs. UV-LEDs represent a significant improvement over the discharge sources, in terms of reliability, lifetime, switching speeds, power consumption, weight, and volume. Charge management techniques that eliminate the charge measurement and feedback systems, referred henceforth as passive, reduce the complexities and disturbance effects introduced by these systems, and are thus the subject of active research and development work. Passive charge management (PCM) depends critically on the stability and reproducibility of the photoemission properties of a given system. In support of this work, we present comprehensive flight characterization data for a suite of 16 UV-LEDs in various configurations and 255 ± 1 nm center wavelength. Flight data was acquired between December 2014 and December 2015 with the UV-LED instrument flown on SaudiSat 4. We back up our results with ground-based measurements performed in configurations comparable to the flight one between 4 September 2020, and 8 October 2020. All results confirm the excellent reliability of the UV-LEDs in the space environment, are fully consistent with the findings of ground studies, and support the approach of using LEDs for PCM. We find that the equilibrium potential of the TM, under illumination by the 255 nm LEDs, is independent of the UV intensity and reproduceable to about ≅±6 mV, or ±6 fC pF−1, over periods of up to six months. The value of the equilibrium potential is dependent on the geometry of the electric field between the TM and its enclosure, and thus on the exact configuration of the PCM instrument.
Comment on ‘The Polarizability of a confined atomic system: an application of the Dalgarno–Lewis method’
Authors: Maize M A , Smetanka J J
Published: December 2022

In a recent paper (2021 Eur. J. Phys.
42 045407), Antão and Peres study both the static and dynamic polarizability of a bound system. The binding potential they consider is the one-dimensional Dirac delta. The authors use the Dalgarno and Lewis method to calculate the polarizabilities to demonstrate its effectiveness in perturbation calculations. The authors left out essential steps in applying the time-dependent perturbation method to derive the expression for the dynamic electric polarizability. In addition, references that are useful to the paper are missing. To aid our comment, we first give a summary of the Dalgarno and Lewis method. Second, we present the work of the authors in deriving the dynamic electric polarizability. We follow by presenting the time-dependent perturbation method, which is needed to derive the expression for the dynamic electric polarizability. In the process, we will provide some essential references, which will be of value to the subject of the paper.
The fundamental concepts of the gravity-assist manoeuvre
Authors: Berg P
Published: December 2022

A typical undergraduate course in mechanics does not cover the fascinating and important gravity-assist manoeuvre that allows satellites or other spacecrafts to navigate through our solar system on efficient and desired paths. Instead, it usually remains a mystery to students how energy is conserved when a spacecraft gains speed as it flies past a planet. Indeed, one might be led to believe that the curved path of the planet is the root cause for the gain in speed, requiring consideration of gravity-assist within the framework of the restricted three-body problem. This contribution will emphasize that this extension is not required to explain the gain in kinetic energy. Instead, a simple, scaffolded analysis of the planet-satellite system alone, using elementary physics, two reference frames and analytical methods, provides a sufficient explanation. Our simplified analysis is successfully validated against mission data from Voyager 2's gravity-assist manoeuvre around Jupiter.
Pulsed Townsend measurements with mixtures of C4F7N and C5F10O up to 1800 Td
Authors: Vemulapalli Hanut , Franck Christian M
Published: December 2022

Effective ionization rate, bulk drift velocity and bulk longitudinal diffusion coefficient for electron swarms in mixtures consisting of either C4F7N or C5F10O in atmospheric gases—CO2, N2 and O2 are measured using a Pulsed Townsend setup. Measurements are carried out between 100 Td and 1800 Td.
Statefinder diagnosis of Tsallis holographic dark energy model in f(R, T) Theory
Authors: Amet Memet Melis , Aktaş Can
Published: December 2022

In this study, Tsallis Holographic Dark Energy (THDE) was studied in the framework of f(R, T) gravitational theory by taking into consideration the homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi-I spacetime. The Hubble horizon was chosen as IR cutoff of the system. To obtain solutions of field equations, THDE density and a form of Hubble parameter were used. Additionally, various physical parameters such as energy of state parameter, deceleration parameter and scale factor have been discussed. The characteristics and parameters of the model have been also examined by plotting their evolution graphics for redshift z. Furthermore, statefinder parameters, which are effective tools for separating dark energy models, have been explored. By the illustration of trajectory in r − s plane, it is found that this model behaves like Chaplygin gas at initial stage, then ranging in quintessence region it finally approaches to Λ Cold Dark Matter. Lastly, from the evolutions of r − q and s − q planes it is seen that the model evolves to the De Sitter expansion point.
Constraining primordial tensor features with the anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background
Authors: Hamann Jan , Malhotra Ameek
Published: December 2022

It is commonly assumed that the stochastic background of gravitational waves on cosmological scales follows an almost scale-independent power spectrum, as generically predicted by the inflationary paradigm. However, it is not inconceivable that the spectrum could have strongly scale-dependent features, generated, e.g., via transient dynamics of spectator axion-gauge fields during inflation. Using the temperature and polarisation maps from the Planck and BICEP/Keck datasets, we search for such features, taking the example of a log-normal bump in the primordial tensor spectrum at CMB scales. We do not find any evidence for the existence of bump-like tensor features at present, but demonstrate that future CMB experiments such as LiteBIRD and CMB-S4 will greatly improve our prospects of determining the amplitude, location and width of such a bump. We also highlight the role of delensing in constraining these features at angular scales ℓ ≳ 100.
Design and rationale of randomized evaluation of decreased usage of beta-blockers after acute myocardial infarction (REDUCE-AMI)
Authors: Yndigegn Troels , Lindahl Bertil , Alfredsson Joakim , Benatar Jocelyne , Brandin Lisa , Erlinge David , Haaga Urban , Held Claes , Johansson Pelle , Karlström Patric , Kellerth Thomas , Marandi Toomas , Mars Katarina , Ravn-Fischer Annica , Sundström Johan , Östlund Ollie , Hofmann Robin , Jernberg Tomas
Published: December 2022

Aims

Most trials showing benefit of beta-blocker treatment after myocardial infarction (MI) included patients with large MIs and are from an era before modern biomarker-based MI diagnosis and reperfusion treatment. The aim of the randomized evaluation of decreased usage of beta-blockers after acute myocardial infarction (REDUCE-AMI) trial is to determine whether long-term oral beta-blockade in patients with an acute MI and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) reduces the composite endpoint of death of any cause or recurrent MI.

Methods and results

It is a registry-based, randomized, parallel, open-label, multicentre trial performed at 38 centres in Sweden, 1 centre in Estonia, and 6 centres in New Zealand. About 5000 patients with an acute MI who have undergone coronary angiography and with EF ≥ 50% will be randomized to long-term treatment with beta-blockade or not. The primary endpoint is the composite endpoint of death of any cause or new non-fatal MI. There are several secondary endpoints, including all-cause death, cardiovascular death, new MI, readmission because of heart failure and atrial fibrillation, symptoms, functional status, and health-related quality of life after 6–10 weeks and after 1 year of treatment. Safety endpoints are bradycardia, AV-block II-III, hypotension, syncope or need for pacemaker, asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and stroke.

Conclusion

The results from REDUCE-AMI will add important evidence regarding the effect of beta-blockers in patients with MI and preserved EF and may change guidelines and clinical practice.
Five-year changes in alcohol intake and risk of atrial fibrillation: a Danish cohort study
Authors: Frederiksen Tanja Charlotte , Christiansen Morten Krogh , Benjamin Emelia J , Overvad Kim , Olsen Anja , Dahm Christina Catherine , Jensen Henrik Kjærulf
Published: December 2022

Aims

Alcohol intake is a well-established risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). However, evidence on the effects of changes in alcohol intake to primary AF prevention is sparse. The aim of this study was to examine the association between 5-year changes in alcohol intake and the risk of incident AF.

Methods and results

This study was based on the Danish cohort study Diet, Cancer and Health. Lifestyle factors were assessed using questionnaires at a recruitment research examination and a second examination 5 years later. Diagnoses of AF and comorbidities were retrieved from the Danish National Patient Registry. 43 758 participants without prior AF were included. The median age was 61 (25th–75th percentile 58–66) years and 54% were female. Over a median follow-up time of 15.7 years, 5312 participants had incident AF (incidence rate 8.6/1000 person-years). Compared with stable intake, increases in alcohol intake to ≥21 drinks/week from ≤6.9 drinks/week (HR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.09–1.72) or 14–20.9 drinks/week (HR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.01–1.59) at baseline were associated with a higher risk of AF. In contrast, we did not observe a statistically significant association between reductions in alcohol intake and the risk of AF.

Conclusion

A 5-year increase in alcohol intake was associated with a greater risk of AF compared with a stable low/moderate intake.
CDMAP/CDVIS: context-dependent mutation analysis package and visualization software
Authors: Patton David L , Cardenas Thomas , Mele Perrin , Navarro Jon , Sung Way
Published: December 2022

The Context-dependent Mutation Analysis Package and Visualization Software (CDMAP/CDVIS) is an automated, modular toolkit used for the analysis and visualization of context-dependent mutation patterns (site-specific variation in mutation rate from neighboring-nucleotide effects). The CDMAP computes context-dependent mutation rates using a Variant Call File (VCF), Genbank file, and reference genome and can generate high-resolution figures to analyze variation in mutation rate across spatiotemporal scales. This algorithm has been benchmarked against mutation accumulation data but can also be used to calculate context-dependent mutation rates for polymorphism or closely related species as long as the input requirements are met. Output from CDMAP can be integrated into CDVIS, an interactive database for visualizing mutation patterns across multiple taxa simultaneously.
Sustainability concerns in EU merger control: from output-maximising to polycentric innovation competition
Authors: Deutscher Elias , Makris Stavros
Published: December 2022

This article examines whether sustainability concerns play and should play any role in EU merger control. While competition authorities have commenced exploring pathways to excuse prima facie anticompetitive mergers on sustainability grounds, little progress has been made in setting out whether and under which conditions mergers that adversely affect sustainability parameters can be found anticompetitive. Under the EU merger control regime, the adverse effects of mergers on sustainability are only cognizable as innovation-related issues, as recently evidenced in Dow/Dupont and Bayer/Monsanto. In these cases, the Commission pioneered a novel approach aimed at predicting the impact of a merger not only on prices but also on innovation competition. This theory of harm, although a welcome improvement to the current framework of merger analysis, fails to accommodate all competition-relevant sustainability concerns because of its exclusive focus on innovation capabilities, efforts, and output. On this basis, we argue that innovation competition should not be understood only as an output-maximizing device but also as a polycentric process under which independent decision-makers pursue various innovation paths. Such an approach gives prominence to the diversity, quality, and direction of innovation and constitutes an alternative to the predominant output-centred understanding of innovation. To operationalize this notion of innovation competition as a polycentric process we explore four pathways: adopting quality-related and sustainability-sensitive innovation metrics; using indicators of industry-wide structural effects; endorsing a structural filter; and protecting nascent competitors. Adding such an approach to the existing analytical framework would, arguably, enable the Commission to deal with all sustainability concerns related to the notion of innovation competition.
“Kind of Mine, Kind of Not”: Digital Possessions and Affordance Misalignment
Authors: Mardon Rebecca , Denegri-Knott Janice , Molesworth Mike
Published: December 2022

The objects we consume increasingly exist in digital form, from audiobooks and digital photographs to social media profiles and avatars. Digital objects are often argued to be less valued, personally meaningful, and self-relevant than their physical counterparts and are consequently dismissed as poor candidates for possession. Yet, studies have identified highly meaningful, even irreplaceable, digital possessions. In this article, we account for these contradictory narratives surrounding digital possessions, arguing that digital objects are not inherently unsuited to possession, but rather their affordances may not align with consumers’ imagined affordances (i.e., the object affordances that consumers anticipate). Drawing from a qualitative study of 25 consumers and their digital possessions, we identify three recurring types of affordance misalignment—missing affordances, covert affordances, and deficient affordances—that mediate how consumers and digital objects interact (pragmatic mediation) and, consequently, consumers’ experiences of, and beliefs surrounding, digital objects as possessions (hermeneutic mediation). We demonstrate that these affordance misalignments can create obstacles to consumers’ desired experiences of possession and document consumers’ attempts to overcome these obstacles by employing alignment strategies, with varied behavioral outcomes. This article advances debates surrounding digital possessions and presents an enriched affordance theory lens that provides new insights into possession.
Salusins: advance in cardiovascular disease research
Authors: Chen Ming-xin , Deng Bo-yan , Liu Shu-ting , Wang Zong-bao , Wang Shu-zhi
Published: December 2022

Salusins are discovered in 2003 and divided into salusin-α and salusin-β, which are bioactive peptides with hemodynamic and mitotic activity and mainly distributed in plasma, urine, endocrine glands and kidneys. A large number of studies have shown that salusins can regulate lipid metabolism, inflammatory response and vascular proliferation. Despite the profound and diverse physiological properties of salusins, the exact mechanism of their cardiovascular effects remains to be determined. The potential mechanisms of action of salusins in cardiovascular-related diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction and myocarditis, and their use as biomarkers of cardiovascular disease are discussed. This review aims to provide a new strategy for the diagnosis and prevention of clinical cardiovascular diseases.
Flavonoids as new regulators of mitochondrial potassium channels: contribution to cardioprotection
Authors: Kampa Rafał P , Sęk Aleksandra , Bednarczyk Piotr , Szewczyk Adam , Calderone Vincenzo , Testai Lara
Published: December 2022

Objectives

Acute myocardial ischemia is one of the major causes of illness in western society. Reduced coronary blood supply leads to cell death and loss of cardiomyocyte population, resulting in serious and often irreversible consequences on myocardial function. Mitochondrial potassium (mitoK) channels have been identified as fine regulators of mitochondrial function and, consequently, in the metabolism of the whole cell, and in the mechanisms underlying the cardioprotection. Interestingly, mitoK channels represent a novel putative target for treating cardiovascular diseases, particularly myocardial infarction, and their modulators represent an interesting tool for pharmacological intervention. In this review, we took up the challenge of selecting flavonoids that show cardioprotective properties through the activation of mitoK channels.

Key findings

A brief overview of the main information on mitoK channels and their participation in the induction of cytoprotective processes was provided. Then, naringenin, quercetin, morin, theaflavin, baicalein, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, puerarin, luteolin and proanthocyanidins demonstrated to be effective modulators of mitoK channels activity, mediating many beneficial effects.

The pathophysiological role of mitoK channels has been investigated as well as the impact of flavonoids on this target with particular attention to their potential role in the prevention of cardiovascular disorders.
Energy transition in the Levant region: assessing the legal, institutional and policy landscape
Authors: Darwish Mahdy , Ghanem Christelle
Published: December 2022

The rising energy demand can have a devastating effect on energy security and the environment if not mitigated properly, and it challenges world governments to ensure sustainable energy availability. While some countries are already leading the way in energy transition, others are struggling to cope with the process. Tackling the Levant region, namely Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Iraq and Palestine, it can be simply deduced that these nations still haven’t reached an advanced level of energy shift yet. Intuitively, they have a lot of potential to unlock. This article aims to shed light on these aforementioned countries by exploring and assessing the impediments to the application of energy transition from legal, institutional and policy perspectives, and then suggesting reforms that might enable this process to move forward successfully. The article excludes Syria due to the ongoing conflict.
ROOT MERISTEM GROWTH FACTOR1 (RGF1)–RGF1 INSENSITIVE 1 peptide–receptor pair inhibits lateral root development via the MPK6–PUCHImodule in Arabidopsis
Authors: Jeon Byeong Wook , Kim Jin Sun , Oh Eunkyoo , Kang Na Young , Kim Jungmook
Published: December 2022

ROOT MERISTEM GROWTH FACTOR1 (RGF1) and its receptors RGF1 INSENSITIVEs (RGIs) regulate primary root meristem activity via a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MPK) signaling cascade in Arabidopsis. However, it is unknown how RGF1 regulates lateral root (LR) development. Here, we show that the RGF1–RGI1 peptide–receptor pair negatively regulates LR development via activation of PUCHI encoding AP2/EREBP. Exogenous RGF1 peptides inhibited LR development of the wild type. However, the rgi1 mutants were partially or fully insensitive to RGF1 during LR development, whereas four other rgi single mutants, namely rgi2, rgi3, rgi4, and rgi5, were sensitive to RGF1 in inhibiting LR formation. Consistent with this, the red fluorescent protein (RFP) signals driven by the RGF1 promoter were detected at stage I and the following stages, overlapping with RGI1 expression. PUCHI expression was significantly up-regulated by RGF1 but completely inhibited in rgi1. LR development of puchi1-1 was insensitive to RGF1. PUCHI expression driven by the RGI1 promoter reduced LR density in both the wild type and rgi1,2,3. Further, mpk6, but not mpk3, displayed significantly down-regulated PUCHI expression and insensitive LR development in response to RGF1. Collectively, these results suggest that the RGF1–RGI1 module negatively regulates LR development by activating PUCHI expression via MPK6.
Handling support cycles and collective interactions in the logical encoding of higher-order bipolar argumentation frameworks
Authors: Lagasquie-Schiex Marie-Christine
Published: December 2022

In our paper [17], we have proposed a logical encoding of argumentation frameworks with higher-order interactions (i.e. attacks or supports whose targets are arguments or other attacks or supports) with an evidential interpretation for supports, such frameworks are called REBAF. With this encoding, we are able to characterize the semantics of REBAF under the form of specific logical models. Nevertheless, this encoding has two important drawbacks: first, the handling of support cycles has some weaknesses, and second, the collective interactions (i.e. attacks or supports whose source is a set of arguments and not only one argument) are not taken into account. The present paper proposes an improvement of this encoding for solving these drawbacks. Moreover, we also extend this proposal to another kind of Higher-Order Bipolar Argumentation Framework, the RAFN, in which supports are interpreted as necessity.
Predictive Performance of Gram Staining of Catheter Tips for Candida Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections
Authors: Yamada Gen , Iwamoto Noriko , Ishikane Masahiro , Moriya Ataru , Kurokawa Masami , Mezaki Kazuhisa , Ohmagari Norio
Published: December 2022

We analyzed 2462 episodes of suspected catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for detecting Candida CRBSI by gram staining of catheter tips were 66.1%, 99.4%, 84.4%, and 98.4%, respectively. Gram staining may be useful for the early detection of Candida CRBSI.
Safety Profile of Linezolid in Older Adults With Renal Impairment: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bai Anthony D , McKenna Susan , Wise Heather , Loeb Mark , Gill Sudeep S
Published: December 2022

Background

The objective of this study was to characterize the safety profile of linezolid in patients with renal impairment compared with patients without renal impairment.

Methods

A population-based retrospective cohort study using linked administrative databases included patients aged 66 years or older in Ontario, Canada

who were prescribed linezolid from 2014 to 2021. Renal impairment was defined using baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/min/1.73 m2 or receipt of dialysis. The primary outcomes were change in platelet count and severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count <50 × 109/L) within 90 days. Secondary outcomes included bleeding, neutropenia, peripheral neuropathy, optic neuropathy, acidosis, serotonin syndrome, and mortality. Inverse probability of treatment weighting on propensity score was used to balance comparison groups on baseline health.

Results

Of 625 patients, 98 (15.7%) patients had renal impairment. The mean (SD) platelet change was −88.3 (108.4) 109/L in the renal impairment group and −76.5 (109.8) 109/L in the no renal impairment group, with an adjusted mean difference of −29.4 (95% CI, −53.4 to −5.3; P = .0165). Severe thrombocytopenia occurred in 9.2% for the renal impairment group and 5.9% for the no renal impairment group, with an adjusted risk difference of 2.7% (95% CI, −3.1% to 8.6%; P = .3655). There were no significant differences in secondary outcomes between the 2 groups.

Conclusions

Patients with renal impairment on linezolid therapy had a larger decrease in platelet count, but their risks for severe thrombocytopenia and bleeding were not significantly different than patients without renal impairment. Linezolid is likely safe in renal impairment without dose adjustment or drug level monitoring.
Suzaku and Chandra study of diffuse X-ray emission from the massive star-forming region RCW 38
Authors: Fukushima Aoto , Ezoe Yuichiro , Odaka Hirokazu
Published: December 2022

In some massive star-forming regions, diffuse X-ray emission has been observed. It can be classified as thermal emission from sub- or several-keV plasmas, non-thermal emission represented by the power law, or a mixture of them. We have studied the nearby (∼1.7 kpc) young massive star-forming region RCW 38. In a previous study, non-thermal diffuse X-ray emission of 1.25 × 1.75 pc (∼2${_{.}^{\prime}}$5 × 3${_{.}^{\prime}}$5) was reported from Chandra observation. We observed the same region for 72 ks with Suzaku which has a low background and is highly sensitive to spatially extended emission. To detect and consider point source contributions, we also used Chandra data. We divided the area according to the radius from the cluster center. In the inner region (r < 2${_{.}^{\prime}}$0), the existence of the non-thermal component (power law, Γ = 1.7 ± 0.4) was suggested although a two-temperature thermal model (kT = 0.90 ± 0.07 and $6.2^{+7.7}_{-2.3}\:$keV) could not be rejected. In the outer region (r = 2${_{.}^{\prime}}$0–5${_{.}^{\prime}}$5), a two-temperature (kT = 0.95 ± 0.10 and 4.8 ± 0.6 keV) thermal plasma model was favorable. In this paper, the origin of the diffuse X-ray emission is discussed in the context of non-thermal/thermal emission and energetics.