bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Bayesian Approach for Imputation of Censored Survival Data
Authors: Moghaddam Shirin , Newell John , Hinde John
Published: January 2022

A common feature of much survival data is censoring due to incompletely observed lifetimes. Survival analysis methods and models have been designed to take account of this and provide appropriate relevant summaries, such as the Kaplan–Meier plot and the commonly quoted median survival time of the group under consideration. However, a single summary is not really a relevant quantity for communication to an individual patient, as it conveys no notion of variability and uncertainty, and the Kaplan–Meier plot can be difficult for the patient to understand and also is often mis-interpreted, even by some physicians. This paper considers an alternative approach of treating the censored data as a form of missing, incomplete data and proposes an imputation scheme to construct a completed dataset. This allows the use of standard descriptive statistics and graphical displays to convey both typical outcomes and the associated variability. We propose a Bayesian approach to impute any censored observations, making use of other information in the dataset, and provide a completed dataset. This can then be used for standard displays, summaries, and even, in theory, analysis and model fitting. We particularly focus on the data visualisation advantages of the completed data, allowing displays such as density plots, boxplots, etc, to complement the usual Kaplan–Meier display of the original dataset. We study the performance of this approach through a simulation study and consider its application to two clinical examples.
A GA-BP Neural Network Regression Model for Predicting Soil Moisture in Slope Ecological Protection
Authors: Liu Dunwen , Liu Chao , Tang Yu , Gong Chun
Published: January 2022

In this study, based on a highway project in Zhejiang, China, the meteorological factors and soil moisture of high side slopes were monitored in real time by a meteorological data monitoring system, and the correlation between soil moisture and meteorological factors was investigated using the obtained data of soil moisture and total solar radiation, atmospheric temperature, soil temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. Based on the correlation and the influence of meteorological factors on soil moisture lag, a back propagation (BP) neural network regression model optimized with genetic algorithm (GA) was proposed for the first time and applied to soil moisture prediction of high side slopes. The results showed that the BP neural network regression model and the GA-BP neural network regression model were used for soil moisture prediction in two cases without and with lags, respectively, and both prediction methods showed a more significant improvement in prediction accuracy considering their lags compared with those without lags; the GA-BP neural network regression model outperformed the BP neural network regression model in terms of accuracy. V-fold cross-validation eliminated the effect of random errors, indicating that the model can be applied to soil moisture prediction for ecological conservation. Using the soil moisture prediction results as the basis for screening ecological slope protection vegetation is of great significance to the safety and reliability of road construction.
Integration of Environmental Issues in Axiomatic Design to Pursue Sustainable Products
Authors: Rizzuti Sergio , De Napoli Luigi
Published: January 2022

Product design is an activity that must be supported by information in order to allow designers to conceive solutions to real problems that do not introduce further issues, first of all, environmental concerns. Axiomatic design is an approach that provides the possibility to check whether a design solution is functionally valid and it can also be extended considering eco-design elements. In a synthetic representation of 1D and 2D arrays, it can inform designers about the level of sustainability of the product on which they have been working on since the first phase of design when they start to embody functionalities by introducing real components, and first assemblies appear. To achieve this task, the domains considered in the original formulation of Axiomatic Design have been revised, and a new domain has been introduced. This allows designers to take into account all the phases of product life and improve design solutions to avoid introducing structures, components, and functionalities that might be the cause of environmental problems. The paper describes such new mapping among domains and applies it to design a daily life device. The contents of the new data structure will be presented and discussed.
The Disclosures of Information on Cybersecurity in Listed Companies in Latin America—Proposal for a Cybersecurity Disclosure Index
Authors: Ramírez Maricela , Rodríguez Ariza Lázaro , Gómez Miranda María Elena , Vartika
Published: January 2022

For the corporate sphere, cybersecurity becomes an inescapable business responsibility, and accountability becomes a way of providing trust and ensuring resilience against cyber risks and high-impact cyber threats. The purpose of this study was to create a disclosure index that allows analysis of the scope of the disclosure of voluntary and mandatory cybersecurity information. The content analysis technique used focuses on the examination and identification of the cybersecurity information revealed in the annual reports and the 20 F annual forms of the companies with the highest stock market prices in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru during the period of 2016–2020. Longitudinal analysis indicates an increase over time in the disclosures and scope of information. The findings highlight that the country with the highest related disclosure is Argentina; the most extensive disclosures are due to the financial sector; and the strategy dimension represents the greatest weight in the index score. The study provides a novel instrument for measuring the content of disclosure on cybersecurity that is applicable in any specific context. In this case, the scope of disclosure in Latin America—a region which, according to our research, does not have previous studies on the subject—is evaluated.
Pollutants Emitted from 3D Printers onto Operators
Authors: Karwasz Anna , Osiński Filip , Łukaszewski Krzysztof
Published: January 2022

Volatile organic compounds are released during 3D printing, which can irritate the throat mucosa, cause cardiovascular disease and even, in extreme cases, cause a stroke. The survey research was carried out regionally, in the Greater Poland area, with students and lecturers of Poznań University of Technology. The survey was conducted in October and November 2021 among 31 students and 4 lecturers. Students in their third year of engineering studies in Mechanics and Machine Design, Mechatronics, and Biomedical Engineering who are interested in 3D printing have contact with additive manufacturing, personally print on their printers at home or at someone else’s, or submit their projects for printing outside. The survey showed how long, how often and from what materials the items are most often printed. The survey also showed that over 60% of respondents keep the printer in a room where they spend most of the day or sleep. A simulation was made of how contaminants were extracted from the printer when opening the door during or just after additive manufacturing. The tests were carried out in the ANSYS Fluent 2021 simulation environment. Three experiments were carried out, which show how the contamination, depending on the density, circulates around the printer operator and how quickly it spreads around. It has been identified that the operator, in less than 3 s after opening the door, is exposed to the pollution previously accumulated inside the chamber. The pollutants emanating from the chamber take the form of a cloud surrounding the operator’s head.
Insights into Efficient Irrigation of Urban Landscapes: Analysis Using Remote Sensing, Parcel Data, Water Use, and Tiered Rates
Authors: Shurtz Kayson M. , Dicataldo Emily , Sowby Robert B. , Williams Gustavious P.
Published: January 2022

To understand how landscape irrigation can be better managed, we selected two urban irrigation systems in northern Utah, USA, and performed a statistical analysis of relationships among water use, irrigated area, plant health (based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), and water rate structures across thousands of parcels. Our approach combined remote sensing with 4-band imagery and on-site measurements from water meters. We present five key findings that can lead to more efficient irrigation practices. First, tiered water rates result in less water use when compared to flat water rates for comparable plant health. Second, plant health does not strictly increase with water application but has an optimum point beyond which further watering is not beneficial. Third, many water users irrigate beyond this optimum point, suggesting that there is water conservation potential without loss of aesthetics. Fourth, irrigation is not the only contributor to plant health, and other factors need more attention in research and in water conservation programs. Fifth, smaller irrigated areas correlate with higher water application rates, an observation that may inform future land use decisions. These findings are especially pertinent in responding to the current drought in the western United States.
Assessment of Extraction Methods of Trace Metallic Elements in Plants: Approval of a Common Method
Authors: Sleimi Noomene , Bankaji Insaf , Kouki Rim , Dridi Nesrine , Duarte Bernardo , Caçador Isabel
Published: January 2022

The question of trace metal elements (TME) is still relevant and causes several environmental problems. Moreover, the digestion methods of TME have a significant impact on ecosystems. Sample preparation is an important step of any analytical procedure. In fact, defining the levels of TME in vegetal tissues requires various steps: drying samples, crushing, extraction, and dosage. The use of chemical extraction solutions can be put into question. Other than their lack of specificity, they are susceptible to provoking the redistribution and/or re-fixation of a part of the metallic ions between the various vegetal components. Our study aims to test the procedures of extraction that are specific for the metals Cu, Zn, Fe, Ca, Cr and Ba. Our results show an outstanding difference in the levels of TME derived from the same vegetal sample, according to the various techniques of extraction. In fact, cold extraction by nitric acid diluted at 10% is the most efficient way to put the ions of Cu, Zn, Fe and Ca into a solution. Meanwhile, the use of heated extraction using different acid digestion approaches is the most efficient for Cr and Ba solubilization from Atriplex portulacoides, Arthrocnemum indicum, Olea europaea BCR-62, Ulva lactuca and Ulva lactuca BCR-279.
A Proposal for Geography Competence Assessment in Geography Fieldtrips for Sustainable Education
Authors: García de la Vega Alfonso
Published: January 2022

The geography fieldtrip is a well-consolidated learning mode, but may become a procedural teaching strategy in geography. In geographical education, fieldtrips foster students’ overall knowledge-building processes to become world citizens, and thus to be fully committed to the Earth’s sustainability. Fieldtrips prepare students for applying and connecting knowledge in a real context. However, the geography fieldtrip may lack robust proposals on challenges and achievements that are clearly identified as assessable geographical geoabilities for competences. This paper offers a geography competence-oriented fieldtrip assessment framework. Project-based learning is chosen as the didactic approach, in which the fieldtrip project is built upon a real-world acute question of the students’ interest and choice, and solutions are reached following the enquiry learning method. The proposal brings cognitive domain (geographical thinking) and process (geospatial thinking) into alignment with geography and cross-cutting competences, corresponding geoabilities and geoskills, and learning outcomes in geography fieldtrips. The framework provides an assessment procedure (learning outcomes, tasks, and evidence) and tools (rubrics of evidence for learning outcomes) for fieldtrip geoskill assessment.
A Risk-Informed Decision-Making Framework for Climate Change Adaptation through Robust Land Use and Irrigation Planning
Authors: Ermolieva Tatiana , Havlik Petr , Frank Stefan , Kahil Taher , Balkovic Juraj , Skalsky Rastislav , Ermoliev Yuri , Knopov Pavel S. , Borodina Olena M. , Gorbachuk Vasyl M.
Published: January 2022

Uncertainty and variability are key challenges for climate change adaptation planning. In the face of uncertainty, decision-making can be addressed in two interdependent stages: make only partial ex ante anticipative actions to keep options open until new information is revealed, and adapt the first-stage decisions with respect to newly acquired information. This decision-making approach corresponds to the two-stage stochastic optimization (STO) incorporating both anticipative ex ante and adaptive ex post decisions within a single model. This paper develops a two-stage STO model for climate change adaptation through robust land use and irrigation planning under conditions of uncertain water supply. The model identifies the differences between decision-making in the cases of perfect information, full uncertainty, and two-stage STO from the perspective of learning about uncertainty. Two-stage anticipative and adaptive decision-making with safety constraints provides risk-informed decisions characterized by quantile-based Value-at-Risk and Conditional Value-at-Risk risk measures. The ratio between the ex ante and ex post costs and the shape of uncertainty determine the balance between the anticipative and adaptive decisions. Selected numerical results illustrate that the alteration of the ex ante agricultural production costs can affect crop production, management technologies, and natural resource utilization.
Use of Preference Analysis to Identify Early Adopter Mind-Sets of Insect-Based Food Products
Authors: Ho Isaac , Gere Attila , Chy Charles , Lammert Amy
Published: January 2022

Insects may potentially provide an alternative protein source. However, consumers may not easily accept insects due to feelings of disgust. Therefore, identifying early adopters of insect-based food products may determine their future acceptance. This study was conducted to (1) identify early adopter Mind-Sets of insect-based food products, (2) determine product features early adopters would prefer in an insect-based food product, and (3) determine differences in Mind-Sets in different countries. Two studies were distributed online in the US and the Philippines. The first study included information about insects, while the second study had no information on insects. The experimental design included elements, or product features, regarding insect-based products that participants evaluated. Preference Analysis was used to segment the participants into Mind-Sets. Based on the results, participants neither liked nor disliked the elements used. Participants in the studies without insect information were found to have higher liking when comparing liking. Participants who were aware of the study being about insects may have had less interest when evaluating the elements, as the response times between the US studies were significantly different (p < 0.05). The role of information and segmentation of the participants demonstrates the importance of experimental design when using Preference Analysis.
Imaginaries of Road Transport Automation in Finnish Governance Culture—A Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Olin Janne J. , Mladenović Miloš N.
Published: January 2022

As transport automation technology continues to emerge, there is a need to engage in the questions of its governing—to find a balance between unreflective enablement and rigid control. An increasing body of literature has begun to address the topic, but only a few studies have examined discourse and culture as central components of the related governance processes. This article aims to analyse the discourse surrounding self-driving vehicles in the Finnish context by drawing from the concept of sociotechnical imaginaries. The critical discourse analysis framework is applied to study a comprehensive set of documents published by Finnish national-level governmental bodies from 2013 to 2020. The analysis identifies four imagined ways of implementing self-driving vehicles into the Finnish transport system and a large set of mostly positive anticipated implications. Moreover, the analysis illustrates the transport automation imaginary’s cultural and spatial detachment, most obvious in the lack of detail and the disconnection between the imagined implementations and the anticipated implications. The findings are convergent with findings from other governance contexts, where discourse has been largely characterised by an unjustified optimism and strong determinism related to the wedlock with the automobility regime. If left unaddressed, such lack of reflectivity will not just lead to a plethora of undesired implications for Finnish society at large but will also signify a failure in developing an adaptive governance culture needed to face challenges of the 21st century.
Assessment of Zearalenone-Induced Cell Survival and of Global Gene Regulation in Mouse TM4 Sertoli Cells
Authors: Savard Christian , Gawhary Sadaf , Boyer Alexandre , Chorfi Younes
Published: January 2022

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a non-steroidal xenoestrogen mycotoxin produced by many Fusarium fungal species, which are common contaminants of cereal crops destined for worldwide human and animal consumption. ZEA has been reported in various male reproduction dysfonctions, including decreased fertility potential. In this report, the direct effect of ZEA on the immature Sertoli TM4 cell line was evaluated. The results show that high concentrations of ZEA increase reactive oxygen species via the activation of MAPK signaling. Transcriptome analysis was performed on the TM4 cell line treated with ZEA, and genes involved in sex differentiation (Fgfr2, Igf1, Notch1, Sox9) and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation (Ctgf, Fam20a, Fbn1, Mmp9, Postn, Sparcl1, Spp1) were identified at the center of the functional protein association network, suggesting that ZEA could be detrimental to the early steps of Sertoli cell differentiation.
Preparation and Functional Identification of a Novel Conotoxin QcMNCL-XIII0.1 from Conus quercinus
Authors: Zhang Han , Liang Anwen , Pan Xinghua
Published: January 2022

Conotoxins are tools used by marine Conus snails to hunt and are a significant repository for marine drug research. Conotoxins highly selectively coordinate different subtypes of various ion channels, and a few have been used in pain management. Although more than 8000 conotoxin genes have been found, the biological activity and function of most have not yet been examined. In this report, we selected the toxin gene QcMNCL-XIII0.1 from our previous investigation and studied it in vitro. First, we successfully prepared active recombinant QcMNCL-XIII0.1 using a TrxA (Thioredoxin A)-assisted folding expression vector based on genetic engineering technology. Animal experiments showed that the recombinant QcMNCL-XIII0.1 exhibited nerve conduction inhibition similar to that of pethidine hydrochloride. With flow cytometry combined fluorescent probe Fluo-4 AM, we found that 10 ng/μL recombinant QcMNCL-XIII0.1 inhibited the fluorescence intensity by 31.07% in the 293T cell model transfected with Cav3.1, implying an interaction between α1G T-type calcium channel protein and recombinant QcMNCL-XIII0.1. This toxin could be an important drug in biomedical research and medicine for pain control.
Characterization of a Novel Double-Stranded RNA Virus from Phytophthora pluvialis in New Zealand
Authors: Xu Zhi , Khalifa Mahmoud E. , Frampton Rebekah A. , Smith Grant R. , McDougal Rebecca L. , MacDiarmid Robin M. , Kalamorz Falk
Published: January 2022

A new dsRNA virus from the oomycete Phytophthora pluvialis has been characterized and designated as Phytophthora pluvialis RNA virus 1 (PplRV1). The genome of the PplRV1 reference genome is 6742 bp that encodes two predicted open reading frames (ORFs). ORF1 and ORF2 overlap by a 47 nt “slippery” frameshift sequence. ORF1 encodes a putative protein of unknown function. ORF2 shows high similarity to the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of other dsRNA viruses. Phylogenetic analysis of the putative PplRV1 RdRp and its most closely related viruses showed PplRV1 is distinct from other known viruses (below 33% amino acid similarity), which indicates this virus may belong to a new virus family. Analyses of the geographical distribution of PplRV1 in relation to two genetically distinct classes of its host revealed two corresponding genotypes of the PplRV1 (termed a and b), which share 92.3% nt identity. The reference genome for the second genotype is 6760 bp long and a prediction of its genetic organization shows three ORFs, with ORF2 being split into two ORFs, ORF2a and ORF2b, that is conserved in seven of eleven genotype b isolates. Additionally, a quick and simple diagnostic method using qPCR has been developed, which is suitable for large scale screens to identify PplRV1 in Phytophthora.
Involvement of Th1Th17 Cell Subpopulations in the Immune Responses of Mothers Who Gave Birth to Children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS)
Authors: Paiva Iury Amancio , Familiar-Macedo Débora , Badolato-Corrêa Jéssica , Carvalho Fabiana Rabe , Dias Helver Gonçalves , Pauvolid-Corrêa Alex , Santos Caroline Fernandes dos , Silva Andréa Alice , Azeredo Elzinandes Leal de , Vianna Renata Artimos de Oliveira , Cardoso Claudete Aparecida Araújo , Grifoni Alba , Sette Alessandro , Weiskopf Daniela , de-Oliveira-Pinto Luzia Maria
Published: January 2022

High levels of T helper 17 cell (Th17)-related cytokines have been shown in acute Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. We hypothesized that the high levels of Th17-related cytokines, associated with a regulatory environment during pregnancy, create a favorable milieu for the differentiation of CD4+Th17 cells. We present data from a cross-sectional study on mothers who confirmed ZIKV infection by qRT-PCR and their children. We also recruited non-pregnant women infected with ZIKV in the same period. ZIKV infection occurred between 2015 and 2017. We collected samples for this study between 2018 and 2019, years after the initial infection. We highlight that, after in vitro stimulation with ZIKV CD4 megapool (ZIKV MP), we found a lower frequency of IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells (Th17), especially in the mothers, confirmed by the decrease in IL-17 production in the supernatant. However, a higher frequency of CD4+ IL-17+ IFN-γ+ T cells (Th1Th17) responding to the ZIKV MP was observed in the cells of the mothers and children but not in those of the non-pregnant women. Our data indicate that the priming of CD4 T cells of the Th1Th17 phenotype occurred preferentially in the mothers who gave birth to children with CZS and in the children.
Experimental Analysis of a Fish Guidance System for a River Water Intake
Authors: Cîrciumaru Gabriela , Chihaia Rareș-Andrei , Voina Andreea , Gogoașe Nistoran Daniela-Elena , Simionescu Ștefan-Mugur , El-Leathey Lucia-Andreea , Mândrea Lucian
Published: January 2022

This paper describes the experimental study of a behavioural barrier consisting of a bubble curtain placed near an ecological river water intake, aiming to assess the bubble curtain’s influence on the velocity field of water flowing in the water intake proximity. The scientific novelty is given by the water intake solution operating in tandem with the dedicated bubble curtain generator used for avoiding fish entrapment. The water intake solution used in the present research is based on a run-of-river intake without a dam in the riverbed, maintaining the mountain rivers longitudinal connectivity. An experimental setup was designed and built to study the behavioural barrier for ecological water intakes in different operating conditions. Thus, tests were performed for two water velocities (0.33 m/s and 0.535 m/s) in the experimental setup, two water depths (92 mm and 119 mm) and two air flow rates (10.5 LPM and 15 LPM). The results were compared with the case when no air is injected through the bubble curtain generator. The assessment of the bubble curtain influence on the water flow inside the channel was made by measuring and analysing the velocity variation in vertical and horizontal direction. The results showed a significant velocity gradient in the bubble curtain proximity, which can contribute to influencing the behaviour of the fish by deterring them from the water intake area.
Um olhar pelo viés da História Pública acerca dos fenômenos conhecidos como intolerância religiosa e racismo religioso no Brasil / A look through Public History at the phenomena known as religious intolerance and religious racism in Brazil
Authors: Haenisch Paula Roberta Libanori
Published: January 2022

Esta produção configura-se como um pequeno recorte temático de minha pesquisa de Mestrado em História Pública pela Universidade Estadual do Paraná (UNESPAR), na qual pretendo analisar como os fenômenos da intolerância religiosa e do racismo religioso se configuram em nosso país, focando na religião de matrizes africanas conhecida como Umbanda. Intenciono que essas reflexões e diálogos historiográficos sejam efetivados dentro da perspectiva da História Pública, possibilitando a construção dialógica do conhecimento.
DETERMINAN MANAJEMEN LABA PADA SEKTOR INDUSTRI BARANG KONSUMSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Priharta Andry , Rustiana Siti Hamidah , Rahayu Dewi Puji , Maryati Maryati , Hadiansah Nur
Published: January 2022

This research aims to empirically prove whether free cash flow, leverage, institutional ownership and profitability affect earnings management. The research was conducted at manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2014-2018 period with a regression analysis of panel data fixed effects model.  Through purposive sampling, there are 38 companies for the research and the results prove that partially, free cash flow has a significant negative effect, leverage has a significant positive effect, and profitability has a significant positive effect, while institutional ownership has a positive and insignificant effect. Simultaneously, all independent variables have a significant effect on earnings management with a determination coefficient of 96% while the remaining four percent is influenced by other factors.

Keywords : Free cash flow, leverage, institutional ownership, profitability, earnings management
Cell-Based Microfluidic Device Utilizing Cell Sheet Technology
Authors: Sakaguchi Katsuhisa , Akimoto Kei , Takaira Masanori , Tanaka Ryu-ichiro , Shimizu Tatsuya , Umezu Shinjiro
Published: January 2022

The development of microelectromechanical systems has resulted in the rapid development of polydimethylpolysiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic devices for drug screening models. Various cell functions, such as the response of endothelial cells to fluids, have been elucidated using microfluidic devices. Additionally, organ-on-a-chip systems that include organs that are important for biological circulation, such as the heart, liver, pancreas, kidneys, and brain, have been developed. These organs realize the biological circulation system in a manner that cannot be reproduced by artificial organs; however, the flow channels between the organs are often artificially created by PDMS. In this study, we developed a microfluidic device consisting only of cells, by combining cell sheet technology with microtitanium wires. Microwires were placed between stacked fibroblast cell sheets, and the cell sheets adhered to each other, after which the microwires were removed leaving a luminal structure with a size approximately equal to the arteriolar size. The lumen structure was constructed using wires with diameters of 50, 100, 150, and 200 
μ
m, which were approximations of the arteriole diameters. Furthermore, using a perfusion device, we successfully perfused the luminal structure created inside the cell sheets. The results revealed that a culture solution can be supplied to a cell sheet with a very high cell density. The biofabrication technology proposed in this study can contribute to the development of organ-on-a-chip systems.
3D Printing of Nacre-Inspired Structures with Exceptional Mechanical and Flame-Retardant Properties
Authors: Yang Yang , Wang Ziyu , He Qingqing , Li Xiangjia , Lu Gengxi , Jiang Laiming , Zeng Yushun , Bethers Brandon , Jin Jie , Lin Shuang , Xiao Siqi , Zhu Yizhen , Wu Xianke , Xu Wenwu , Wang Qiming , Chen Yong
Published: January 2022

Flame-retardant and thermal management structures have attracted great attention due to the requirement of high-temperature exposure in industrial, aerospace, and thermal power fields, but the development of protective fire-retardant structures with complex shapes to fit arbitrary surfaces is still challenging. Herein, we reported a rotation-blade casting-assisted 3D printing process to fabricate nacre-inspired structures with exceptional mechanical and flame-retardant properties, and the related fundamental mechanisms are studied. 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMSPMA) modified boron nitride nanoplatelets (BNs) were aligned by rotation-blade casting during the 3D printing process to build the “brick and mortar” architecture. The 3D printed structures are more lightweight, while having higher fracture toughness than the natural nacre, which is attributed to the crack deflection, aligned BN (a-BNs) bridging, and pull-outs reinforced structures by the covalent bonding between TMSPMA grafted a-BNs and polymer matrix. Thermal conductivity is enhanced by 25.5 times compared with pure polymer and 5.8 times of anisotropy due to the interconnection of a-BNs. 3D printed heat-exchange structures with vertically aligned BNs in complex shapes were demonstrated for efficient thermal control of high-power light-emitting diodes. 3D printed helmet and armor with a-BNs show exceptional mechanical and fire-retardant properties, demonstrating integrated mechanical and thermal protection.
Epidemiological Characteristics and Trend in the Incidence of Human Brucellosis in Iran from 2009 to 2017
Authors: Norouzinezhad Faezeh , Erfani Hossein , Norouzinejad Abbas , Ghaffari Fatemeh , Kaveh Farzad
Published: January 2022

Background: The development of preventive measures and promotion of healthcare delivery systems for disease management is dependent on detecting the incidence rates of the diseases and important risk factors. The current study aimed to determine some epidemiological indices and trends of the human brucellosis incidence in Iran between 2009 and 2017. Study design: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Methods: In the current study, online data were gathered from all cases of brucellosis who were potentially or definitely diagnosed and registered in medical centers, hospitals, laboratories, and private clinics in all districts of Iran. Epidemiologic questionnaires were used to collect data on demographic and background characteristics, risk factors, high-risk behaviors, and lab test results, respectively, based on the national brucellosis control plan. Results: A total of 138,448 cases of brucellosis have been studied in Iran from 2009 to 2017. The highest (25.89) and the lowest (12.07) incidence rates were observed in 2014 and 2009, respectively. In this nine-year study, the highest incidences were reported in the Hamadan, Lorestan, Kurdistan, and Kermanshah provinces. The cumulative percentages of the disease were estimated for different variables at the following rates: by gender: 57.9% for males; by age groups: 36.2% and 16.7% for the 25-44 and16-24 years age groups, respectively; by occupation: 33.2% for housewives; and by residential area: 75.7% for rural residents. Conclusions: Based on the obtained results, although the incidence of human brucellosis in Iran has declined since 2015, the number of cases has remained high.
Timing of Emergency Endoscopy for Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Literature Review
Authors: Ejtehadi Fardad , Sivandzadeh Gholam Reza , Hormati Ahmad , Ahmadpour Sajjad , Niknam Ramin , Pezeshki Modares Mahdi
Published: January 2022

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a common cause for Emergency Department and hospital admissions and has significant mortality and morbidity if it remains untreated. Upper endoscopy is the key procedure for both diagnosis and treatment of acute upper GI bleeding. The aim of this article is to review the optimal timing of endoscopy in patients with acute upper GI bleeding. The cost-effectiveness and the influence of urgent or emergent endoscopy on patients’ outcomes are discussed. Also, we compare and contrast the available evidence and guidelines regarding the recommended time points for performing endoscopy in different clinical settings.
TIẾP CẬN TÍN DỤNG CHÍNH THỨC CHO HỘ NGHÈO: KINH NGHIỆM TỪ BANGLADESH VÀ THỰC TIỄN TẠI VIỆT NAM
Authors: Thu Nguyễn Hữu
Published: January 2022

Tín dụng là một trong những nguồn lực sản xuất quan trọng giúp hộ nghèo có khả năng chuyển đổi phương thức sản xuất tiến tới xóa đói giảm nghèo. Tuy nhiên, trong bối cảnh hiện nay, nhiều hộ nghèo vẫn còn gặp khó khăn trong việc tiếp cận với nguồn vốn tín dụng chính thức, nhất là những hộ nghèo ở vùng nông thôn, miền núi. Nghiên cứu đã sử dụng các phương pháp thống kê mô tả; thu thập, xử lý, phân tích số liệu từ Báo cáo thường niên của Grameen Bank - Bangladesh; Ngân hàng Chính sách Xã hội, Quỹ tín dụng nhân dân và Tổ chức Tài chính vi mô Trách nhiệm hữu hạn một thành viên Tình Thương của Việt Nam để có cái nhìn toàn diện, tổng thể về tiếp cận tín dụng cho hộ nghèo. Từ đó, bài viết đã rút ra 7 bài học kinh nghiệm nhằm góp phần nâng cao khả năng tiếp cận tín dụng cho hộ nghèo, tạo tiền đề để nâng cao thu nhập, đóng góp cho sự phát triển kinh tế nông nghiệp và nông thôn theo hướng công nghiệp hóa và hiện đại hóa.
VIETNAM – AFRICA ECONOMIC AND TRADE RELATIONS IN RECENT YEARS
Authors: Như Nguyễn Khánh
Published: January 2022

Nghiên cứu này nhằm tìm hiểu quan hệ kinh tế thương mại giữa Việt Nam và châu Phi trong những năm gần đây. Quan hệ kinh tế - thương mại giữa Việt Nam và châu Phi được giới học thuật và các nhà nghiên cứu đặc biệt quan tâm do xu hướng tăng tốc mạnh mẽ về kim ngạch thương mại song phương, đạt được tầm cao mới. Châu Phi là thị trường đầy tiềm năng cho các doanh nghiệp xuất khẩu hàng hóa của Việt Nam. Hiện nay, nghiên cứu về quan hệ kinh tế thương mại Việt Nam - Châu Phi để có cách tiếp cận phù hợp là giải pháp tốt cho hợp tác thương mại song phương, giúp Việt Nam mở rộng thị trường mới, tránh phụ thuộc vào một số thị trường truyền thống trước đây. Căn cứ vào nguồn tư liệu trên các lĩnh vực ngoại giao, hợp tác kinh tế, văn hóa và thương mại song phương, nghiên cứu đã tổng hợp, khái quát và đưa ra những nhận xét tổng quan, đánh giá khó khăn, hạn chế. Đồng thời đề xuất những giải pháp phù hợp để thúc đẩy quan hệ kinh tế - thương mại giữa Việt Nam và các nước châu Phi, khuyến nghị đối sách thúc đẩy hợp tác song phương giữa hai bên trong giai đoạn hiện nay.
MỘT SỐ GIẢI PHÁP NHẰM NÂNG CAO HIỆU QUẢ QUẢN LÝ HOẠT ĐỘNG TỰ ĐÁNH GIÁ CÁC TRƯỜNG TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG HUYỆN QUẢNG HÒA, TỈNH CAO BẰNG
Authors: Thắng Nguyễn Minh , Thắng Nguyễn Tất
Published: January 2022

Đổi mới quản lý hoạt động tự đánh giá chất lượng giáo dục ở các trường trung học phổ thông huyện Quảng Hòa, tỉnh Cao Bằng là yêu cầu cần thiết, giúp nhà trường xác định đúng thực trạng, mức độ đáp ứng mục tiêu giáo dục, từ đó nhà trường xây dựng kế hoạch cải tiến để từng bước nâng cao chất lượng giáo dục. Bài viết giới thiệu những thông tin cơ bản nhất về thực trạng quản lý hoạt động tự đánh giá, các yếu tố ảnh hưởng tới hoạt động tự đánh giá ở 04 trường trung học phổ thông Quảng Uyên, Phục Hòa, Đống Đa, và Cách Linh thuộc huyện Quảng Hòa tỉnh Cao Bằng. Trên cơ sở lý luận và thực tiễn, phân tích, tổng hợp hoạt động bằng phiếu hỏi trực tiếp đối với 120 cán bộ quản lý, giáo viên, nhân viên đã từng tham gia hoạt động tự đánh giá. Kết quả của nghiên cứu góp phần hệ thống hóa những vấn đề lý thuyết, làm rõ thêm cơ sở lý luận về quản lý hoạt động tự đánh giá trường trung học phổ thông, từ đó đề xuất một số biện pháp nhằm nâng cao chất lượng tự đánh giá các trường trung học phổ thông ở tỉnh Cao Bằng. Thông tin có thể sử dụng làm tài liệu tham khảo cho các trường trung học phổ thông trong khu vực.
HIỆU QUẢ VIỆC SỬ DỤNG PADLET ĐỂ HỖ TRỢ SINH VIÊN TRƯỜNG CAO ĐẲNG BẮC KẠN TRONG RÈN LUYỆN PHÁT ÂM TIẾNG ANH
Authors: Ánh Đặng Hoàng , Trang Trần Thị Thùy
Published: January 2022

Ngày này, công nghệ đã trở thành một phương tiện quan trọng cho người dạy và người học trong học ngoại ngữ nói chung và rèn luyện phát âm Tiếng Anh nói riêng. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là tìm hiểu về hiệu quả của việc sử dụng padlet đối với việc rèn luyện phát âm tiếng Anh với sinh viên của trường Cao đẳng Bắc Kạn. Tác giả sử dụng phương pháp thực nghiệm với nhóm đối chứng và nhóm thực nghiệm. Hai công cụ nghiên cứu là bài kiểm tra trước và sau thực nghiệm và phiếu điều tra. Kết quả cho thấy điểm kiểm tra sau thực nghiệm của sinh viên nhóm đối chứng không thay đổi nhiều so với điểm kiểm tra trước thực nghiệm. Trái lại, điểm kiểm tra sau thực nghiệm của sinh viên nhóm thực nghiệm cao hơn so với điểm kiểm tra trước thực nghiệm. Ngoài ra, tác giả còn thu thập số liệu từ phiếu điều tra sau thực nghiệm lấy ý kiến của sinh viên việc sử dụng ứng dụng Padlet đối với rèn luyện phát âm Tiếng Anh. Điểm số của sinh viên trong bài kiểm tra sau thực nghiệm tăng lên đáng kể và số liệu từ phiếu điều tra cho thấy việc sử dụng ứng dụng padlet có hiệu quả cao đối với rèn luyện phát âm cho sinh viên. Kết quả nghiên cứu có ý nghĩa thực tiễn đối với việc áp dụng các phương pháp giảng dạy phát âm tiếng Anh mới cho sinh viên trường Cao đẳng Bắc Kạn.
Web-Based Design of Minangkabau Songket Motif Digital Catalog
Authors: Yuhandri Muhammad Habib
Published: January 2022

Indonesia's richness in culture requires special attention in terms of its preservation, therefore it is important for us to maintain and preserve Songket cloth, especially its motifs which are rich in the philosophy of local wisdom so that they can be passed down to the next generation. Information technology can be used to solve these problems, especially for digital catalogs that can be used to help preserve Songket cloth through digitizing the motifs on each cloth. Through digitization, it will be easy to get information about the shape of the motif, the name of the motif, the philosophy contained in the motif through an application. The purpose of this study was to build a digital catalog system on the WEB-based Minangkabau Songket motif. The development of this system is carried out by means of data collection, system analysis, system design, and system implementation. This system is built using the PHP programming language and MySQL database. The results of this study provide a tool in the form of a Minangkabau Songket Motif Digital Catalog system. The benefits of research provide the development of deep catalog technology to store information related to Minangkabau Songket motifsSongket
ماهية برامج الكمبيوتر في ضوء احكام القانونيين العراقي والانكليزي
Authors: خلف علي محمد
Published: January 2022

تعتبر برامج الكمبيوتر من المصنفات ذات الأهمية التجارية والعلمية والعملية، حيث تعتبر من الواردات المهمة للدول المصنعة لها كالولايات المتحدة الأمريكية. فمن الناحية التاريخية، برامج الكمبيوتر وجدت في الاستخدام التجاري منذ الستينات من القرن المنصرم حيث أن قیمتها تزداد يوما بعد يوم. هذا يبين الحاجة الملحة لاستعمالها سواء في حياتنا الشخصية ناهيك عن استعمالها في اعالنا التجارية. الا أنه من خلال دراستنا في المملكة المتحدة البريطانية لم نجد ما يشير الى تحديد ماهية برامج الكمبيوتر عمليا سواء من خلال القرارات القضائية او قانونيا، من خلال التشريعات القانونية سواء في قانون العرف والعادة في الدول التي تنتهج المنهج الانكلوسكسون كالقانون الانكليزي والامريكي او الدول التي تنتهج المنهج اللاتيني اي المدني كالقانون الفرنسي والعراقي. حيث تم طرح عدة تساؤلات في البحث ما اذا كانت برامج الكمبيوتر اشیاء واذا كانت اشیاء هل هي ملموسه او غير ملموسة وماهي الاثار المترتبة على ذلك. على ضوء ذلك فان هذه الورق البحثية سوف تركز على ابراز الجانب النظري والعملي (القضائي والتشريعي) في فهم ماهية هذه البرامج، الباحث طرح بعض الأسئلة من خلالها استطاع تحليل ماهية برامج الكمبيوتر، وبالتالي فان منهجية هذة الورقة تعتمد على التحليل والمقارنة بين أحكام القانون المدني في العراق وبين احكام قوانين العرف والعادة في انكلترا وامیرکا.
El modelo procesal penal peruano
Authors: Ventocilla Ricaldi Edwin Francisco
Published: January 2022

El Código Procesal Penal ha adoptado un modelo procesal penal propio, mixto y, excepcionalmente, le otorgó al juez facultades y funciones de las partes procesales; así, el juez, sin ser director de la investigación, puede disponer la realización de una investigación suplementaria indicando el plazo y las diligencias del fiscal; además, el juez de juzgamiento y sentencia, pese a no ser el titular de la carga de la prueba, puede ordenar que se efectúe una inspección o reconstrucción y determinar la actuación de nuevos medios probatorios.
La importancia de la evaluación del desempeño del talento humano en las organizaciones de salud
Authors: Heredia-Quito María Angélica , Narváez-Zurita Cecilia Ivonne
Published: January 2022

El Capital humano es la columna vertebral del sistema de salud, su desarrollo implica procesos transversales y continuos de capacitación y actualización para fortalecer sus competencias en la gestión y atención integral. El objetivo es aplicar los procesos administrativos que la ley y las normativas del MDT faculta a las EODs, siendo necesario llevar a cabo una planificación actualizada del TTHH, seguida del levantamiento FAO de todos los funcionarios y por último solicitar a través del órgano regular la creación de partidas para la reubicación del personal. Se aplica una investigación descriptiva con diseño no experimental. Con los resultados obtenidos en la investigación realizada a los funcionarios del Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, se ha propuesto aplicar el método 360°, de esta manera se podrá optimar el desempeño de los funcionarios del Hospital y mejorar la gestión administrativa.
Análisis Financiero: Gestionar los riesgos en las Cooperativas de Ahorro y Crédito segmento 1
Authors: León-Bermeo Silvana Rosalba , Murillo-Párraga Dayana Yasmín
Published: January 2022

Las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito son parte importante en el desarrollo económico del país y su adecuada gestión depende de factores externos e internos y de la gestión financiera que permita al gerente en base de datos financieros, tomar decisiones adecuadas. El objetivo de la investigación en las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito, es determinar la vulnerabilidad de los indicadores financieros en tiempo de pandemia, identificando posibles riesgos existentes que afecten a las cooperativas y por ende a sus asociados. La investigación es de tipo descriptiva con diseño no experimental. Los resultados se presentan a partir del análisis de indicadores para exponer los tipos de riesgo de crédito, operativo, liquidez y de mercado y posteriormente proponer estrategias basadas en el conocimiento y experiencias para mitigar los riesgos existentes.
Resiliencia empresarial en tiempos de pandemia: Retos y desafíos de las microempresas
Authors: Ortiz-Fajardo Hernán Adrián , Erazo-Álvarez Cristián Andrés
Published: January 2022

La resiliencia empresarial es uno de los temas más importantes de la actualidad y se la describe como la capacidad de adaptarse al cambio e inmediatamente recuperarse ante una adversidad, por ello el objetivo de la presente investigación es diseñar un plan de resiliencia empresarial dirigido a los negocios en la ciudad de cañar que permita enfrentar los Retos y desafíos que provoca la actual Pandemia causada por el coronavirus. Metodológicamente es de tipo descriptivo con diseño no experimental. Los resultados más notables de la investigación proporcionan una visualización panorámica de la situación actual de las empresas del sector estudiado, por lo que se los dividieron en tres variables, empezando por la más importante, los ingresos y datos demográficos, seguida por la variable medidas y acciones de resiliencia, y la variable resultados que contiene temas como son el tipo, sector y estabilidad económica del negocio.
Mejora continua de los procesos de recuperación de valores en Organizaciones
Authors: García-Sánchez Kenia Mariuxi , Ormaza-Andrade Jorge Edwin
Published: January 2022

El Hospital General Machala pertenece a la Coordinación Zonal 7, está integrada por las provincias de Loja, Zamora Chinchipe y El Oro, es el único hospital de II nivel en la provincia de El Oro, cumple con la normativa legal vigente, basadas en políticas de Seguridad Social. Al ser parte de la Red Pública Integral de Salud, factura todas las atenciones brindadas a los subsistemas correspondientes MSP, ISSPOL, ISSFA, para lo cual, es importante mejorar los procesos para la recuperación de los valores, desde su facturación hasta el pago, actualmente no se maneja un proceso eficiente para el logro de este objetivo. La investigación es de tipo descriptiva con diseño no experimental. Los resultados más notorios se basan en la necesidad de realizar cambios en la operatividad, para el mejor manejo de recursos y las presiones que ejercen las prestaciones otorgadas a los subsistemas.
Innovación y Emprendimiento en el sector agroturístico
Authors: Delgado-Orellana Diana Judith , Matovelle-Romo Moisés Marcelo
Published: January 2022

Esta investigación pretende difundir y proyectar la innovación y el emprendimiento de una finca agroturística, enfocándose en el turismo que ofrece el cantón El Pan-Provincia del Azuay, conservando el patrimonio natural, gastronómico y cultural. Para los resultados se realizó una estadística descriptiva con diseño no experimental y en ellos se muestran que la frecuencia de visitas mensuales es preferida por un 40% de los encuestados, 75% prefieren un tiempo de 1 a 2 días, 42% realiza en vacaciones escolares o laborales, 64% prefiere visitas acompañados de su familia, 34% alojamiento en una Finca de hospedaje, 25% rutas a caballo, finalmente 58% conoce o ha escuchado sobre el turismo en el Cantón El Pan. La innovación y el emprendimiento son claves en el desarrollo de proyectos turísticos, brindan herramientas para el progreso económico de un sector productivo, dan a conocer la riqueza de un Cantón, generando desarrollo y fuentes de trabajo.