bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of waterborne and water-related disease in animal populations of Florida from 1999–2019
Authors: Jenkins Meg , Ahmed Sabrina , Barnes Amber N.
Published: July 2021

Background

Florida’s waters are a reservoir for a host of pathogens and toxins. Many of these microorganisms cause water-related diseases in people that are reportable to the Florida Department of Health. Our objective in this review was to ascertain which water-related pathogens and toxins of public health importance have been found in animal populations in Florida over the last twenty years.

Methods

Nineteen databases were searched, including PubMed and Web of Science Core Collection, using keywords and search terms for the waterborne diseases, water-related vector-borne diseases, and water-based toxins reportable to the Florida Department of Health. For inclusion, peer-reviewed journal articles were to be written in English, published between January 1, 1999 and December 31, 2019, and contain primary research findings documenting at least one of the water-related pathogens or toxins of interest in an animal population within Florida during this same time frame.

Results

Of over eight thousand initial search results, 65 studies were included for final analysis. The most common animal types implicated in the diseases of interest included marine mammals, fish and shellfish, wild birds, and livestock. Toxins or pathogens most often associated with these animals included toxin-producerKarenia brevis, vibriosis,Escherichia coli, and Salmonellosis.

Discussion/conclusion

Findings from this review elucidate the water-related disease-causing pathogens and toxins which have been reported within animal populations in recent Florida history. As most of these diseases are zoonotic, our results suggest a One Health approach is necessary to support and maintain healthy water systems throughout the state of Florida for the protection of both human and animal populations.
Psychological adjustment of Spanish adolescents and their parents during COVID-19 lockdown: A mixed method approach
Authors: Postigo-Zegarra Silvia , Julián Martín , Schoeps Konstanze , Montoya-Castilla Inmaculada
Published: July 2021

Previous literature on the psychological impact of COVID-19 has shown a direct relationship between family conflicts and psychological distress among parents and their children during the domestic lockdown and social isolation; but there are also opportunities to enhance family bonding, encourage collective problem-solving and improve personal relationships. This study aimed to explore psychological adjustment processes of Spanish adolescents and their parents during the first month of lockdown by analyzing their narratives, perceived outcomes, protection and risk factors. A total of 142 people agreed to participate in this study. Of all participants, 61 were adolescents (M= 13.57;SD= 1.74; 57% women) and 81 were parents (M= 46.09;SD= 4.72; 91% mothers). All were Spanish residents and completed an online survey during the domestic lockdown in March 2020. From a qualitative design, methodology followed a mixed approach to analyze data. The results showed three different types of adaptation to lockdown and social isolation in both adolescents and their parents: 1) positive adjustment, 2) moderate adjustment, and 3) maladjustment. Most participants reported a good adjustment and only a 20% of parents and a 16% of adolescents stated that they had not been able to achieve a positive psychological adjustment. There are few significant quantitative differences between adolescents and their parents. The qualitative analysis of data showed that adolescents reported less psychological distress than their parents. The two most important protective factors were social support and keeping busy during lockdown. The most significant risk factors were loss of mobility and social isolation. The conclusions stressed that regarding psychological maladjustment, parents experienced feelings of uncertainty whereas adolescents experienced a kind of mourning process. These findings can be used to design and implement effective intervention measures for mental health and psychological well-being in such a difficult situation as domestic lockdown.
Socioeconomic inequalities in birth outcomes: An 11-year analysis in Colombia
Authors: Guarnizo-Herreño Carol C. , Torres Gabriel , Buitrago Giancarlo
Published: July 2021

Objective

To examine socioeconomic inequalities in birth outcomes among infants born between 2008 and 2018 and assessed trends in inequalities during that period in Colombia, a middle-income country with high levels of inequality emerging from a long internal armed conflict.

Methods

Using birth certificate data in Colombia, we analysed the outcomes of low birth weight, an Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes after birth and the number of prenatal visits among full-term pregnancies. Maternal education and health insurance schemes were used as socioeconomic position (SEP) indicators. Inequalities were estimated using the prevalence/mean of the outcomes across categories of the SEP indicators and calculating the relative and slope indices of inequality (RII and SII, respectively).

Results

Among the 5,433,265 full-term singleton births analysed, there was a slight improvement in the outcomes analysed over the study period (lower low-birth-weight and Apgar<7 prevalence rates and higher number of prenatal visits). We observed a general pattern of social gradients and significant relative (RII) and absolute (SII) inequalities for all outcomes across both SEP indicators. RII and SII estimates with their corresponding CIs revealed a general picture of no significant changes in inequalities over time, with some particular, time-dependent exceptions. When comparing the initial and final years of our study period, inequalities in low birth weight related to maternal education increased while those in Apgar score <7 decreased. Relative inequalities across health insurance schemes increased for the two birth outcomes but decreased for the number of prenatal visits.

Conclusion

The lack of a consistent improvement in the magnitude of inequalities in birth outcomes over an 11-year period is a worrying issue because it could aggravate the cycle of inequality, given the influence of birth outcomes on health, social and economic outcomes throughout the life course. The findings of our analysis emphasize the importance of policies aimed at providing access to quality education and providing a health care system with universal coverage and high levels of integration.
Socioeconomic variation in characteristics, outcomes, and healthcare utilization of COVID-19 patients in New York City
Authors: Zhang Yongkang , Khullar Dhruv , Wang Fei , Steel Peter , Wu Yiyuan , Orlander Duncan , Weiner Mark , Kaushal Rainu
Published: July 2021

Objectives

There is limited evidence on how clinical outcomes differ by socioeconomic conditions among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Most studies focused on COVID-19 patients from a single hospital. Results based on patients from multiple health systems have not been reported. The objective of this study is to examine variation in patient characteristics, outcomes, and healthcare utilization by neighborhood social conditions among COVID-19 patients.

Methods

We extracted electronic health record data for 23,300 community dwelling COVID-19 patients in New York City between March 1stand June 11th, 2020 from all care settings, including hospitalized patients, patients who presented to the emergency department without hospitalization, and patients with ambulatory visits only. Zip Code Tabulation Area—level social conditions were measured by the Social Deprivation Index (SDI). Using logistic regressions and Cox proportional-hazards models, we examined the association between SDI quintiles and hospitalization and death, controlling for race, ethnicity, and other patient characteristics.

Results

Among 23,300 community dwelling COVID-19 patients, 60.7% were from neighborhoods with disadvantaged social conditions (top SDI quintile), although these neighborhoods only account for 34% of overall population. Compared to socially advantaged patients (bottom SDI quintile), socially disadvantaged patients (top SDI quintile) were older (median age 55 vs. 53, P<0.001), more likely to be black (23.1% vs. 6.4%, P<0.001) or Hispanic (25.4% vs. 8.5%, P<0.001), and more likely to have chronic conditions (e.g., diabetes: 21.9% vs. 10.5%, P<0.001). Logistic and Cox regressions showed that patients with disadvantaged social conditions had higher risk for hospitalization (odds ratio: 1.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.46, 1.94]; P<0.001) and mortality (hazard ratio: 1.91; 95% CI: [1.35, 2.70]; P<0.001), adjusting for other patient characteristics.

Conclusion

Substantial socioeconomic disparities in health outcomes exist among COVID-19 patients in NYC. Disadvantaged neighborhood social conditions were associated with higher risk for hospitalization, severity of disease, and death.
Supporting scale-up of COVID-19 RT-PCR testing processes with discrete event simulation
Authors: El Hage Jad , Gravitt Patti , Ravel Jacques , Lahrichi Nadia , Gralla Erica
Published: July 2021

Testing is critical to mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic, but testing capacity has fallen short of the need in the United States and elsewhere, and long wait times have impeded rapid isolation of cases. Operational challenges such as supply problems and personnel shortages have led to these bottlenecks and inhibited the scale-up of testing to needed levels. This paper uses operational simulations to facilitate rapid scale-up of testing capacity during this public health emergency. Specifically, discrete event simulation models were developed to represent the RT-PCR testing process in a large University of Maryland testing center, which retrofitted high-throughput molecular testing capacity to meet pandemic demands in a partnership with the State of Maryland. The simulation models support analyses that identify process steps which create bottlenecks, and evaluate “what-if” scenarios for process changes that could expand testing capacity. This enables virtual experimentation to understand the trade-offs associated with different interventions that increase testing capacity, allowing the identification of solutions that have high leverage at a feasible and acceptable cost. For example, using a virucidal collection medium which enables safe discarding of swabs at the point of collection removed a time-consuming “deswabbing” step (a primary bottleneck in this laboratory) and nearly doubled the testing capacity. The models are also used to estimate the impact of demand variability on laboratory performance and the minimum equipment and personnel required to meet various target capacities, assisting in scale-up for any laboratories following the same process steps. In sum, the results demonstrate that by using simulation modeling of the operations of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing, preparedness planners are able to identify high-leverage process changes to increase testing capacity.
Topological network based drug repurposing for coronavirus 2019
Authors: Habibi Mahnaz , Taheri Golnaz
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become the current health concern and threat to the entire world. Thus, the world needs the fast recognition of appropriate drugs to restrict the spread of this disease. The global effort started to identify the best drug compounds to treat COVID-19, but going through a series of clinical trials and our lack of information about the details of the virus’s performance has slowed down the time to reach this goal. In this work, we try to select the subset of human proteins as candidate sets that can bind to approved drugs. Our method is based on the information on human-virus protein interaction and their effect on the biological processes of the host cells. We also define some informative topological and statistical features for proteins in the protein-protein interaction network. We evaluate our selected sets with two groups of drugs. The first group contains the experimental unapproved treatments for COVID-19, and we show that from 17 drugs in this group, 15 drugs are approved by our selected sets. The second group contains the external clinical trials for COVID-19, and we show that 85% of drugs in this group, target at least one protein of our selected sets. We also study COVID-19 associated protein sets and identify proteins that are essential to disease pathology. For this analysis, we use DAVID tools to show and compare disease-associated genes that are contributed between the COVID-19 comorbidities. Our results for shared genes show significant enrichment for cardiovascular-related, hypertension, diabetes type 2, kidney-related and lung-related diseases. In the last part of this work, we recommend 56 potential effective drugs for further research and investigation for COVID-19 treatment. Materials and implementations are available at: https://github.com/MahnazHabibi/Drug-repurposing.
Methods for dealing with unequal cluster sizes in cluster randomized trials: A scoping review
Authors: Zhan Denghuang , Xu Liang , Ouyang Yongdong , Sawatzky Richard , Wong Hubert
Published: July 2021

In a cluster-randomized trial (CRT), the number of participants enrolled often varies across clusters. This variation should be considered during both trial design and data analysis to ensure statistical performance goals are achieved. Most methodological literature on the CRT design has assumed equal cluster sizes. This scoping review focuses on methodology for unequal cluster size CRTs. EMBASE, Medline, Google Scholar, MathSciNet and Web of Science databases were searched to identify English-language articles reporting on methodology for unequal cluster size CRTs published until March 2021. We extracted data on the focus of the paper (power calculation, Type I error etc.), the type of CRT, the type and the range of parameter values investigated (number of clusters, mean cluster size, cluster size coefficient of variation, intra-cluster correlation coefficient, etc.), and the main conclusions. Seventy-nine of 5032 identified papers met the inclusion criteria. Papers primarily focused on the parallel-arm CRT (p-CRT, n = 60, 76%) and the stepped-wedge CRT (n = 14, 18%). Roughly 75% of the papers addressed trial design issues (sample size/power calculation) while 25% focused on analysis considerations (Type I error, bias, etc.). The ranges of parameter values explored varied substantially across different studies. Methods for accounting for unequal cluster sizes in the p-CRT have been investigated extensively for Gaussian and binary outcomes. Synthesizing the findings of these works is difficult as the magnitude of impact of the unequal cluster sizes varies substantially across the combinations and ranges of input parameters. Limited investigations have been done for other combinations of a CRT design by outcome type, particularly methodology involving binary outcomes—the most commonly used type of primary outcome in trials. The paucity of methodological papers outside of the p-CRT with Gaussian or binary outcomes highlights the need for further methodological development to fill the gaps.
Modeling neutral viral mutations in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 epidemics
Authors: Marquioni Vitor M. , de Aguiar Marcus A. M.
Published: July 2021

Although traditional models of epidemic spreading focus on the number of infected, susceptible and recovered individuals, a lot of attention has been devoted to integrate epidemic models with population genetics. Here we develop an individual-based model for epidemic spreading on networks in which viruses are explicitly represented by finite chains of nucleotides that can mutate inside the host. Under the hypothesis of neutral evolution we compute analytically the average pairwise genetic distance between all infecting viruses over time. We also derive a mean-field version of this equation that can be added directly to compartmental models such as SIR or SEIR to estimate the genetic evolution. We compare our results with the inferred genetic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 at the beginning of the epidemic in China and found good agreement with the analytical solution of our model. Finally, using genetic distance as a proxy for different strains, we use numerical simulations to show that the lower the connectivity between communities, e.g., cities, the higher the probability of reinfection.
The effects of the measures against COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity among school-aged children and adolescents (6–17 years) in 2020: A protocol for systematic review
Authors: Hu Donglin , Zhang He , Sun Yingshuang , Li Yongqin
Published: July 2021

Background

The pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has greatly changed people’s daily lives, forcing countries to take actions, such as school shutdown, lockdown, isolation, and social distancing measures. It remains unclear how the closures, cancellations, and restrictions of schools and courses as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic affect the engagement of school-aged children and adolescents in relation to physical activity (PA).

Methods

The articles in the databases of EBSCO (including AMED, CINAHL Plus, Health Business, Health Source MEDLINE with Full Text, APA PsycArticles, APA PsycINFO, and SPORTDiscus) published during the period from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020 will be retrieved, and the data in the selected articles are extracted, including research methods, demographics, and key results. Search outcomes were reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) will be used to evaluate research quality. Two reviewers are responsible for completing the three tasks, namely selecting the articles that meet the inclusion criteria, extracting data in the articles selected, and evaluating their research quality. All findings, and especially primary outcomes will be summarized in a table format of findings. The results will provide a high-quality synthesis of current evidence for researchers in this subject area.

Aim

The objective of this systematic review is to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on PA in children and adolescents aged 6–17 years during 2020. 1). What impact has the COVID-19 pandemic had on PA levels in school-aged children and adolescents? 2). Investigating changes in the locations of school-aged children’s and adolescents’ PA between the pre-COVID-19 period (January 2020) and the COVID-19 period (December 2020).

Results

We hope that this study will provide government authorities and health professionals with the necessary information in guiding actions and allocating resources, so that the situation of physical inactivity in school-aged children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic can be improved, thereby enhancing their physical health.

Protocol registration number

This review was submitted and registered under CRD42020225976 in PROSPERO.
The problematics of spaces for performing arts in Slovenia
Authors: Koprivšek Nevenka , Vevar Rok
Published: July 2021

Nevenka Koprivšek wrote about the state, needs and vision of the presentation and rehearsal spaces in the field of performing arts more than twenty years ago, even before Bunker institute took over the management of the Old Power Station. Despite some newly acquired spaces described by Rok Vevar in his article “The Problem of Public Cultural Spaces from the Perspective of Public Time”, there is still a lack of understanding regarding the complex needs of art production, which includes appropriate and sufficient studio conditions. Art is not a done cultural product.
Ingurune aberastuak nerabezaroko gehiegizko alkohol kontsumoaren ondoriozko portaera kalteak berreskuratzen ditu C57BL/6J sagu helduetan
Authors: Lekunberri Leire , Rico-Barrio Irantzu , Serrano Maitane , Elezgarai Izaskun , Puente Nagore , Bonilla-Del Río Itziar , Anaut-Lusar Ilazki , Gerrikagoitia Inmaculada , Grandes Pedro
Published: July 2021

Alkohola (EtOH) munduan gehien kontsumitzen den substantzia psikoaktiboa da eta nerabezaroko alkoholaren kontsumo intentsiboa geroz eta ohikoagoa da. Adin tarte horretan burmuina garatzen ari da eta hainbat garun-atal zaurgarriagoak dira neurotoxikoen kalteen aurrean; hipokanpoa eta garuntxoa, esaterako. Ingurune aberastuak (IAk), aldaketa molekular, anatomiko zein funtzionalak eragiten ditu garunaren garapen prozesuan eta alkoholaren ondorioz helduaro goiztiarreko saguek galdutako portaera gaitasunen berreskurapena sustatzen du. Hala ere, IAk eragindako efektu mesedegarri horiek epe luzerago batean mantentzen diren aztertzeke dago. Ikerketa honen helburuak hurrengoak dira: nerabezaroko gehiegizko alkohol kontsumoak helduaroan eragiten dituen portaera aldaketak ikertzea eta parametro hauetan IAk izan ditzakeen onurak aztertzea. Horretarako, C57BL/6J sagu arrei nerabezaroko 4 astetan zehar (p32-p56) alkohol edo ur tratamendua eman zaie. Ondoren, helduaro goiztiarrean (p56-p90) animaliak abstinentzia egoeran mantendu dira eta helduaroan (p90-p104) saguen kumaldi erdia IAko baldintzetan jarri da 2 astez. Abstinentzia tarte horren azken egunetan portaera probak burutu dira: eremu irekiaren proba, antsietate maila neurtzeko; objektu berrien ezagutze proba, ezagutze oroimenerako; objektuen kokaleku berriaren ezagutze proba, oroimen espazialerako eta oreka proba, oreka eta koordinazio motorrerako. Alkohol taldeko saguek bereizketa indize baxuagoak erakutsi dituzte bai ezagutze oroimen proban baita oroimen espazialean ere, alkohol kontsumoaren ondoriozko narriadura kognitibo adierazgarria iradokiz. Antzeko emaitzak behatu dira oreka proban ere, non alkohol taldeko saguek (EtOH) oreka eta koordinazio motorra kaltetuta erakutsi duten. Interesgarriki, animaliak IAko baldintzapean jartzean objektuak eta kokalekuak bereizteko gaitasuna berreskuratzen dute eta oreka eta koordinazio maila hobetzen dute helduaroan, kontrol taldekoen (H2O) antzeko balioetaraino. IAk alkoholaren ondoriozko helduaroko efektu kaltegarriak leheneratzeko gaitasuna duela erakutsi du.
Geometria konplexuko pieza baten mekanizazio-estrategiak CAM bidez
Authors: Jimeno Aner , Martínez de Pissón Gonzalo , Pereira Octavio , Gonzalez Haizea , Calleja Amaia
Published: July 2021

Honako lan honetan belaun-protesiko osagarrien fabrikazioa azaltzen da CO2 hozgarri kriogenikoa erabiliz. Osagarrien konplexutasuna dela eta, beharrezkoa da 5-ardatzen interpolazioa gauzatzea fresaketa-eragiketetan. Gainazalen konplexutasun horrek eta materialaren (titanioaren) mekanizagarritasun baxuak mekanizazio-erronka berriak sortzen dituzte. Kasu honetan, osagarrien fabrikaziorako erabilitako mekanizazio-estrategiak eta mekanizazio-aldagaiak deskribatzen dira. Gainera, mekanizazioan ager daitezkeen talkak saihesteko, egiaztatze birtuala erabili da. Horrez gain, hozketa faktore garrantzitsu bat da osagai medikoen garbitasuneko beharrizanei dagokienez. Ohiko hozte-teknikak CO2 hozgarri kriogenikoarekin ordeztu dira.
Lan merkatuko genero desberdintasunaren bilakaera Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan (EAE) (2002-2020)
Authors: Peinado Patricia
Published: July 2021

Bosgarren Garapen Iraunkorreko Helburuak (5. GIH) Genero Berdintasuna lortzea dauka helburu. Artikulu honetan Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko (EAE) lan-merkatuko genero berdintasunen bilakaera deskribatzen da 2002-2020 epealdian Langabeziako Genero Arrakala (LGA), Enpleguko Genero Arrakala (EGA), Jarduerako Genero Arrakala (JGA) eta Generoaren araberako Soldata Arrakala (SGA) aztertuz. Analisia egiteko lau azpiepealdi hartzen dira kontuan: Atzeraldi Handia baino lehenagokoa, Atzeraldi Handikoa, errekuperazio ekonomikoaren epealdia eta COVID-19aren hasierakoa. Emaitzek erakusten dutenez, EAEko genero arrakalek behera egin duten arren oraindik bide luzea dago genero berdintasuna lortzeko. Horrela, bada, EAEk bereziki generoaren araberako soldata-desberdintasunak murrizteko politikak garatzea gomendatzen da.
Emakumeen emozio-zurrunbiloa erditzean
Authors: Pereda-Goikoetxea Beatriz , Elorza-Puyadena María Isabel , Lersundi-Ayestaran Mikel , Huitzi-Egilegor Joseba Xabier , Uranga-Iturrioz María José , Marín-Fernández Blanca
Published: July 2021

Erditzea prozesu indibidual eta konplexua da, emakume bakoitzaren bizitzan mugarri dena. Erditze-gertaeran prozesu fisiologikoen eta psikologikoen arteko erlazioa gertatzen da, emakumearen, semearen edo alabaren ongizatean eta amaren eta bikotearen arteko harremanean eragina izan dezaketen gizarte-, ingurumen-, antolamendu- eta politika-testuinguruek eraginda. Gaur egungo osasun-paradigmen bidez sustatzen da erabiltzaileek eta osasun-profesionalek beren bizipenen alderdi positiboei eta negatiboei buruzko ikuspegia eta gogoetak adieraztea. Beraz, lan honetan aztertuko dira amek ospitaleko erditzean positibotzat edo negatibotzat hartzen dituzten esperientziak eta izandako emozioak eta sentimenduak. Emaitzak funtsezkoak dira erditzean emakumearengan zentratutako zaintza modu indibidualizatuan, pertsonalizatuan, holistikoan eta jarraituan bideratu ahal izateko, emakumearen balioak, aukerak, kultura eta emakumearen eta bikotekidearen nahiak errespetatuz.
Electroencephalogram versus Magnetic Resonance Imaging Brain as the Initial Investigation of Choice in Neurologically Normal Children with First Afebrile Seizure in India
Authors: Bagla Jyoti , Kaur Harpreet , Singhal Anu , Mishra Devendra , Kumari Sweta , Dubey Anand Prakash , Soneja Sandhya
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose: To compare the rates of clinically relevant information provided by electroencephalogram (EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain in first afebrile seizure (FAS) in children.Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled trial, neurologically normal children between the age of 2 and 14 years, presenting with first episode of unprovoked, afebrile generalized or partial seizures, were included. Enrolled patients were randomized into two groups. After stabilization, initial workup and management, group I-patients underwent an EEG followed by MRI, whereas group II-patients underwent an initial MRI brain followed by an EEG. The patients were followed up after results of both the investigations and then every 3 months for seizure recurrence. The primary outcome was the proportion of investigations, providing clinically relevant information. The secondary outcomes were to determine the etiological diagnosis of FAS and record adverse events associated with EEG and MRI.Results: Out of 170 enrolled patients, 52 patients (61.2%) in initial EEG group and 53 patients (70.6%) in initial MRI group had abnormal results on first investigation. An etiological diagnosis could not be made in any patient in initial EEG group. Neuroimaging revealed an etiological diagnosis in 53 patients (70.6%) in initial MRI group. Inflammatory granuloma was found to be the most common cause of FAS, followed by idiopathic epilepsy.Conclusions: The results of our study done in neurologically normal children with FAS showed a high diagnostic yield with an initial MRI. We recommend MRI brain to be considered as the initial investigation for evaluation of FAS in children.
Quality of Life and Stigma among Women with Epilepsy during Their Reproductive Years
Authors: Srikanth Pallerla , Vranda Mysore Narasimha , Thomas Priya Treesa , Raghvendra Kenchaiah
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between quality of life and stigma among reproductive age group women with epilepsy.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to assess the data from the 49 women with epilepsy from a tertiary care hospital in India. Quality of life was evaluated with the quality of life in epilepsy-31 questionnaire and stigma was evaluated with the stigma scale of epilepsy. Data also included socio-demographic and clinical characteristics.Results: The mean age of the participants was 24.67±3.72 years. Quality of life total score (r=-0.485**) and seizure worry domain (r=-0.427**) were significantly negatively correlated with stigma total score at p<0.01 level. Being uneducated, married, unemployed, having children, having generalized tonic-clonic seizures, duration of illness (˃10 years), and consuming levetiracetam, anti-epileptic drug (AED), were the significant contributing factors for low quality of life among women with epilepsy during the reproductive age group. Belonging to lower socio-economic status and taking more than two AEDs were also associated with lower quality of life among women with epilepsy, which are trending towards significance.Conclusions: The study assessed the relationship between the quality of life and the Stigma scale of epilepsy and demonstrated the impact of stigma and quality of life on socio-demographic and clinical variables of women with epilepsy under the reproductive age group. To enhance the quality of life and reduce the stigma levels among women with epilepsy, some of the modifiable parameters can be considered by the multidisciplinary health care professionals from the findings of the current research.
Cover Jurnal Fitopatologi Vol. 17 No. 3, Mei 2021
Authors: Hidayat Sri Hendrastuti
Published: July 2021

This editorial contains the front cover, editorial page, and back cover of the Indonesian Journal of Phytopathology, JFI Vol. 17 No. 3, Mei 2021.
Spojrzenie człowieka na Boga Ojca w Pieśniach sobie śpiewanych Konstancji Benisławskiej na podstawie leksyki określającej ojca
Authors: Gorzelana Joanna
Published: July 2021

Celem pracy jest przedstawienie określeń odnoszących się do Boga Ojca w wierszach religijnych Konstancji Benisławskiej. Pieśni sobie śpiewane opublikowane w oświeceniu (1776 r.) zawierają wiele struktur wskazujących na to, jak poetka wyobraża sobie Boga. Charakterystyczne połączenia wskazują na jego dobroć i potęgę: Ojciec nasz, Ojciec jedyny, Ojciec łaskawy, Ojciec wszechmogący, Ojciec przedziwny, Ojciec miły i Ojciec dobry. Obecne są też elementy antropomorficzne (ręka Ojca, twarz Ojca), a także wyrażenie związane z dogmatem trynitarnym przekonują, że Bóg Ojciec jest osobą Trójcy Świętej.
Język polski w statucie synodu łęczyckiego z 1285 roku – tłumaczenie kanonów
Authors: Stelmach Wojciech
Published: July 2021

Przedmiotem badań w artykule jest stosunek polskiego episkopatu do języka polskiego w XIII wieku. Problem został przedstawiony w oparciu o statut synodu łęczyckiego z 1285 roku. Treść większości kanonów została przedstawiona w skrócie – tym samym przybliżono tematy, jakimi zajął się episkopat podczas synodu. Natomiast istotne dla historii języka polskiego kanony 3, 4 i 6 zostały poddane głębszej analizie. Podjęto próbę odtworzenia prawdopodobnej sytuacji panującej w Kościele na ziemiach polskich w XIII wieku oraz przedstawienia stosunku episkopatu do języka polskiego i jego wykorzystania w nauczaniu i liturgii. Ponadto na podstawie wydań źródłowych dokumentów kościelnych dokonano przekładu filologicznego wskazanych kanonów na język polski.
CAUSALITY LINKAGES BETWEEN INCOME INEQUALITY AND FINANCIAL GLOBALIZATION FOR G7 COUNTRIES
Authors: ÇELİK Orkun
Published: July 2021

The main aim of this study is to evaluate the causality linkages between income inequality and financial globalization for G7 countries over the period 1970-2015. The bootstrap panel Granger causality analysis by Kónya (2006) is used. The empirical results indicate that there is a causality linkage between income inequality and financial globalization in most of the G7 countries. Furthermore, it is shown that income tax has a significant role on the causality linkage. Hence, in order to reduce income inequality, policy makers should apply high taxes on top income, using fiscal policy instruments
On the k-th almost Gauduchon condition on almost Hermitian manifolds
Authors: Kawamura Masaya
Published: July 2021

We introduce the k-th almost Gauduchon condition on almost Hermitian manifolds. We show that if there is a k-th almost Gauduchon metric for some k, then it is k-th almost Gauduchon for any other k.
Academic emotions in giving genre-based peer feedback: an emotional intelligence perspective
Authors: Li Mo , Reynolds Barry Lee
Published: July 2021

Researchers have become interested in the emotion in feedback situations, yet little research has examined peer feedback-giving emotions. Giving feedback is emotionally laden and it is challenging and demanding for feedback givers to manage their emotions. Uncovering how feedback givers regulate their emotions as well as determining what influences them could extend the current understanding of the peer feedback-giving process. Informed by emotional intelligence (EI) (Goleman, Daniel. 1995. Emotional intelligence. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.), a notion describing an individual’s ability to monitor and manage one’s own and others’ emotions, this case study investigated how two Chinese Ph.D. English as a foreign language students utilized EI to regulate their feedback-giving process on research proposal writing. Data was collected from research proposal drafts and revisions, peer feedback, self-reported emotions, interviews, and stimulated recalls. The textual and qualitative data analysis revealed that individual differences existed regarding feedback focus, strategies, and emotions. The findings suggested that the feedback givers adopted different EI patterns to regulate their feedback giving process under the influence of five factors: goals and purposes, prior feedback experience, time constraints, the intimacy of relations, and the feedback givers’ perceived significance of the sections in a research proposal. Practical implications for teachers, supervisors, and students were discussed.
Thermal conductivity of untreated and chemically treated poplar bark and wood
Authors: Vay Oliver , Busquets-Ferrer María , Emsenhuber Gerhard , Huber Christian , Gindl-Altmutter Wolfgang , Hansmann Christian
Published: July 2021

The thermal insulation properties of bark and wood of a poplar tree (Populus nigra × alba) were investigated using a guarded hot plate device (GHP) and a purpose-built miniature heat flow meter (Mini-HFM). To reduce their density and improve their performance as insulation material, bark and wood were chemically treated. The correlation between thermal conductivity and test temperature as well as between thermal conductivity and material moisture was investigated. By means of the treatment 44 and 34% of the mass of bark and wood, respectively, was removed and the equilibrium moisture content of the both materials decreased significantly. For untreated bark, a thermal conductivity of 0.071 Wm−1 K−1 and 0.140 Wm−1 K−1, respectively, were determined in transverse and axial direction. For wood, measurements showed comparably higher conductivities of 0.078 Wm−1 K−1 and 0.204 Wm−1 K−1 in transverse and axial direction. By reducing density, thermal conductivity of bark decreased up to 24%, whereas for wood reductions between 10 and 35% were found. It was shown that the self-constructed Mini-HFM is a useful and reliable instrument to determine the thermal conductivity on a small wood sample in the three main anatomical directions.
The association between serum vitamin D and mood disorders in a cohort of lipedema patients
Authors: Al-Wardat Mohammad , Alwardat Nuha , Lou De Santis Gemma , Zomparelli Samantha , Gualtieri Paola , Bigioni Giulia , Romano Lorenzo , Di Renzo Laura
Published: July 2021

Objectives

The association between serum Vitamin D (Vit. D) and mood disorders in lipedema patients has not been investigated. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between serum Vit. D, depression and anxiety risk.

Methods

A cross-sectional cohort of lipedema patients were investigated by collecting the clinical and demographic data. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D) and the Hamilton of Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) were used to evaluating the risk of depression and anxiety. Serum concentrations of Vit. D were measured. The association between Vit. D levels and both HAM-A and HAM-D scores were statistically examined by bivariate and partial correlations.

Results

Forty lipedema patients were enrolled in this study. Around two-thirds of them had a higher depression or anxiety risk, and 77.5% were under the normal serum Vit. D levels. A significant and inverse correlation was observed between serum Vit. D levels and both HAM-D (r=−0.661, p<0.001), and HAM-A (r=−0.496, p=0.001) scores. This strong association was sustained after the statistical model adjusted for the main potential confounding factors (age, body mass index (BMI), disease duration, and lipedema stages). Additionally, serum Vit. D correlated significantly and inversely with BMI (r=−0.647, p<0.001). Moreover, BMI significantly correlated with HAM-D: r=0.560, p<0.001, and HAM-A: r=0.511, p=0.00.

Conclusions

This study suggests a strong correlation between Vit. D levels, depression scores, and anxiety scores in lipedema patients. Our results also demonstrate a strong and direct relationship between BMI, Vit. D levels, depression, and anxiety.
Effect of hydrogen, and vapors of water and organic compounds on the structure of Sr2CuO3
Authors: Bobylev Igor B. , Naumov Sergey V. , Zyuzeva Natalia A.
Published: July 2021

The effect of hydrogen, and vapors of water and the simplest organic compounds of various classes on the structure of strontium orthocuprate (Sr2CuO3) in the temperature range of 150–300 °C has been investigated. At temperatures up to 200 °C, hydrogen and water are embedded in the structure of Sr2CuO3 from the annealing atmosphere. Under these conditions, organic compounds are oxidized to form water followed by hydration of Sr2CuO3. It has been revealed that Sr2CuO3 is a catalyst for oxidation reactions. Water absorption > 2 wt.% provokes hydrolytic decomposition of Sr2CuO3 with the formation of strontium hydroxide and copper-richer cuprates (SrCuO2 and SrCu2O3). At a temperature of 300 °C, organic compounds partially reduce copper, which is also the cause of the decomposition of Sr2CuO3.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[bis(µ2-3,5-bis(1-imidazolyl)pyridine-κ2
N:N′)-(µ2-3-nitrophthalato-k3
O,O′:O″)cadmium(II)] dihydrate, C30H25N11O8Cd
Authors: Yin Wei-Dong , Liu Qian-Long , Zhao Ya-Jing , Gong Xiao-Ru , Li Gui-Lian
Published: July 2021

C30H25N11O8Cd, orthorhombic, Pnma (no. 62), a = 17.9344(3) Å, b = 18.2722(3) Å, c = 9.5619(2) Å, V = 3133.44(10) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0345, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0707, T = 293.28(10) K.
The crystal structure of diaqua-bis(2-(3-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)pyridine-κ2
N:N′)-bis(3,5-dicarboxybenzoato-κ1
O)cobalt(II), C38H30CoN12O14
Authors: Yong-Hua Zhang , Wen Meng-Yao , Yan Ke
Published: July 2021

C38H30CoN12O14, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P‾{1}$

(no. 2), a = 6.9503(3) Å, b = 7.0244(4) Å, c = 20.1182(9) Å, α = 92.261(4)°, β = 95.206(4)°, γ = 104.600(4)°, V = 944.59(8) Å3, Z = 1, R

gt
(F) = 0.0408, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0910, T = 287 K.
Crystal structure of (E)-ethyl 2-((4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)methyleneaminooxy)acetate, C14H13NO5
Authors: Yoo Miri , Koh Dongsoo
Published: July 2021

C14H13NO5, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 4.6967(7) Å, b = 10.7175(16) Å, c = 12.945(2) Å, β = 94.827(8)°, V = 649.30(17) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0577, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1302, T = 223(2) K.
Research on nano-concrete-filled steel tubular columns with end plates after lateral impact
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyong , Xia Chang , Chen Yu
Published: July 2021

This paper presents thirteen square columns to study the behavior of nano-concrete-filled steel tubular columns with end plates after lateral impact. The failure modes of the square columns subjected to lateral impact damage or not subjected to lateral impact damage were compared. The lateral impact loading height, steel tubular thickness, and column height were set as the test parameters in these tests. The effects of test parameters on the ultimate capacity, initial stiffness, and ductility of columns are discussed in this paper. The bearing capacity of square columns is decreased because of the lateral impact loading which can also be concluded from the test results. And with the steel tube thickness increasing, the bearing capacity and initial stiffness of columns are increased and ductility has no obvious change. However, with the column height increasing, the bearing capacity and stiffness of columns are decreased and ductility is increased. Furthermore, the strain development of the columns under axial compressive loading is also discussed in the paper. The results indicated that the corner of the square column is more easily damaged under compressive loading. According to the test results, the calculated formula is proposed to predict the ultimate capacity of nano-concrete-filled steel tubular columns with end plates after lateral impact. The calculated results have a good agreement with the test results.
Cold Water Immersion Offers No Functional or Perceptual Benefit Compared to a Sham Intervention During a Resistance Training Program
Authors: Wilson Laura J. , Dimitriou Lygeri , Hills Frank A. , Gondek Marcela B. , van Wyk Aléchia , Turek Vlad , Rivkin Taylor , Villiere Alex , Jarvis Paul , Miller Stuart , Turner Anthony , Cockburn Emma
Published: July 2021

Wilson, LJ, Dimitriou, L, Hills, FA, Gondek, MB, van Wyk, A, Turek, V, Rivkin, T, Villiere, A, Jarvis, P, Miller, S, Turner, A, and Cockburn, E. Cold water immersion offers no functional or perceptual benefit compared to a sham intervention during a resistance training program. J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2720–2727, 2021—Cold water immersion (CWI) is regularly used by athletes as a postexercise recovery strategy, but relatively little is understood about potential training adaptations associated with habitual use. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of repeated CWI or a sham intervention on adaptations to a lower body resistance training program. Thirteen men (26 ± 6 years; 83.6 ± 15.7 kg) familiar with resistance training were allocated into a CWI (10 minutes at 10° C) or sham group and completed 2 × 4-week blocks of lower body resistance training. Subjects completed a total of 16 training sessions (2 × session·week−1), with each session immediately followed by their allocated recovery intervention. Measures of perceptual markers, muscle function, and muscle architecture were recorded at baseline, midpoint, and post-training. Data were analyzed using factorial analysis of variances. The training program resulted in significant increases in muscle fibre pennation angle (p = 0.009), isometric peak force (p = 0.018), and 1/4 squat (p < 0.001) with no differences between groups (all p > 0.05). There were no differences in perceptual responses between groups. Despite the popularity of CWI as a postexercise recovery intervention, the findings from the present study demonstrated no functional or perceptual benefit compared with a sham intervention during progressive strength and power training. Furthermore, there was no detrimental impact of CWI on morphological adaptations after 16 exposures. These findings are important for athletes and practitioners wishing to use CWI as an acute recovery strategy after training, without blunting potential training adaptations.
MicroRNAs 21 and 199a-3p Regulate Axon Growth Potential through Modulation ofPtenandmTor mRNAs
Authors: Kar Amar N. , Lee Seung-Joon , Sahoo Pabitra K. , Thames Elizabeth , Yoo Soonmoon , Houle John D. , Twiss Jeffery L.
Published: July 2021

Increased mTOR activity has been shown to enhance regeneration of injured axons by increasing neuronal protein synthesis, while PTEN signaling can block mTOR activity to attenuate protein synthesis. MicroRNAs (miRs) have been implicated in regulation of PTEN and mTOR expression, and previous work in spinal cord showed an increase in miR-199a-3p after spinal cord injury (SCI) and increase in miR-21 in SCI animals that had undergone exercise. Pten mRNA is a target for miR-21 and miR-199a-3p is predicted to target mTor mRNA. Here, we show that miR-21 and miR-199a-3p are expressed in adult dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, and we used culture preparations to test functions of the rat miRs in adult DRG and embryonic cortical neurons. miR-21 increases and miR-199a-3p decreases in DRG neurons after in vivo axotomy. In both the adult DRG and embryonic cortical neurons, miR-21 promotes and miR-199a-3p attenuates neurite growth. miR-21 directly bound to Pten mRNA and miR-21 overexpression decreased Pten mRNA levels. Conversely, miR-199a-3p directly bound to mTor mRNA and miR-199a-3p overexpression decreased mTor mRNA levels. Overexpressing miR-21 increased both overall and intra-axonal protein synthesis in cultured DRGs, while miR-199a-3p overexpression decreased this protein synthesis. The axon growth phenotypes seen with miR-21 and miR-199a-3p overexpression were reversed by co-transfecting PTEN and mTOR cDNA expression constructs with the predicted 3′ untranslated region (UTR) miR target sequences deleted. Taken together, these studies indicate that injury-induced alterations in miR-21 and miR-199a-3p expression can alter axon growth capacity by changing overall and intra-axonal protein synthesis through regulation of the PTEN/mTOR pathway.
Circadian rhythms of 11-oxygenated C19 steroids and ∆5-steroid sulfates in healthy men
Authors: Turcu Adina F , Zhao Lili , Chen Xuan , Yang Rebecca , Rege Juilee , Rainey William E , Veldhuis Johannes D , Auchus Richard J
Published: July 2021

Background

Many hormones display distinct circadian rhythms, driven by central regulators, hormonal bioavailability, and half-life. A set of 11-oxygenated C19 steroids (11-oxyandrogens) and pregnenolone sulfate (PregS) are elevated in congenital adrenal hyperplasia and other disorders, but their circadian patterns have not been characterized.

Participants and methods

Peripheral blood was collected every 2 h over 24 h from healthy volunteer men (10 young, 18–30 years, and 10 older, 60–80 years). We used mass spectrometry to quantify 15 steroids, including androstenedione (A4), testosterone (T), 11β-hydroxy- and 11-ketotestosterone (11OHT, 11KT),11β-hydroxy- and 11-ketoandrostenedione (11OHA4, 11KA4), and 4 ∆5-steroid sulfates. Diurnal models including mesor (rhythm adjusted median), peak, and nadir concentrations, acrophase, and amplitude were computed.

Results

11OHA4 followed a rhythm similar to cortisol: acrophase 8:00 h, nadir 21:00 h and were similar in young and old men. 11KT had similar diurnal patterns, but the peak was lower in older than in young men, as was the case for A4. All four steroid sulfates were higher in young vs older men. PregS and 17-hydroxypregnenolone sulfate (17OHPregS) showed sustained elevations between 8:00 and 18:00 h, and nadirs around midnight, while DHEAS and AdiolS displayed minimal diurnal variations. All 4 11-oxyandrogens correlated tightly with cortisol (r from 0.54 for 11OHT to 0.81 for 11OHA4, P  < 0.0001 for all), but very weakly with T, supporting their adrenal origin and ACTH governance.

Conclusions

11-Oxyandrogens, PregS, and 17OHPregS display distinct circadian and age variations, which should be accounted for when used as clinical biomarkers.