bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nasal cavity microbiota features among people who have had COVID-19
Authors: Romanov V. A. , Dukhanina I. V. , Afanas'ev A. V. , Gul'neva M. Y. , Semechkin N. V.
Published: December 2023

The new coronavirus infection of 2019 is accompanied by damage to a number of organs, tissues, systems of the human body, including the microbiome. However, some aspects of the influence of this infection on the state of the microbiota of individual biotopes in individuals vaccinated with the Gam-COVIDVac vaccine require further research.

Purpose: to study the characteristics of the nasal microbiota in vaccinated Gam-COVID-Vac and non-vaccinated individuals who have had COVID-19.

Materials and methods: 60 people aged 18 to 23 years old were examined, divided into 3 equal groups: group 1 – vaccinated, sick after vaccination, group 2 – not vaccinated, recovered, group 3 (control) – not sick and not vaccinated. In all examined persons, muconasal secretions from the nasal cavity were examined using conventional bacteriological methods.

Results. In the group of unvaccinated and recovered patients, the coronavirus infection caused a significant change in the composition of the nasal cavity microbiota in the form of a significant increase in the number of opportunistic microorganisms (S. aureus, E. coli, Streptococcus spp;) relative to similar indicators in the control group (who had not recovered from the disease and were not vaccinated). In vaccinated and recovering individuals compared with the control group, the changes are unreliable.

Conclusion: Transmission of COVID-19 in individuals vaccinated with the Gam-COVID-Vac vaccine does not lead to changes in the nasal microbiota. Significant changes in the microbiota with an increase in the number of opportunistic microorganisms were found in unvaccinated individuals who underwent COVID-19.
EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CORNUS MAS L. LEAF EXTRACTS
Authors: Alakhverdieva K , Makalatiya Mariya , Ganiullina Amira
Published: December 2023

The work is dedicated to assessing the antioxidant activity of Cornus Mas L leaf extract collected in June 2022 and air-shadow dried. Of interest is the development of herbal medicines, which is associ-ated with the indisputable advantages of phytopreparations, which are relative safety, wide pharmaco-logical activity, the possibility of long-term use and joint use with synthetic agents, which is typical for the treatment of chronic diseases. As an object, a liquid extract of Cornus Mas L. leaves collected in June 2022 in the Astrakhan region and dried by the air-shadow method was used. The extract was prepared in a 1:1 ratio using 60% ethyl alcohol by vortex extraction, followed by removal of the ex-tractant using a vacuum evaporator. The experiment was carried out on protozoa Parametium Cauda-tum. The experiments were carried out in a fivefold repetition. The results showed antioxidant activity in common dogwood leaf extract. Extract of Cornus Mas L. leaves has antioxidant activity, which is manifested by active movements of paramecias and lengthening the time of their movements. And the most pronounced antioxidant activity is exerted by extract of leaves Cornus Mas L. prepared in ratio 1:2. The data obtained make it possible to use the plant - Common Dogwood, as a source of raw mate-rials for creating a drug product.
White and tundra partridges in the Basegi Nature Reserve. Species on the southern border of the range
Authors:   Basegi State Reserve, Semenov Viktor V.
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the long-term (1984-2023) dynamics of registrations of white and tundra partridges on the territory of the Basegi Reserve (Middle Urals, Perm Krai). The author systematizes the available materials on the frequency and content of encounters of these species in Basegas, summarizes his own long-term field observations on the specifics of the territorial distribution of white and tundra partridges in the areas of their joint habitat, draws conclusions about the existing trends in the development of these species of grouse birds of the extreme southern boundaries of their range on the western macroscline of the Ural Mountains. Rare, but fairly regular meetings of white partridges observed over the past 40 years on all three massifs of the Basegi ridge (the Northern, Middle and Southern Baseg mountains), as well as on the upper marshes and forest roads in the adjacent taiga zone, allow us to determine the status of this species in the reserve as rare, small, periodically nesting birds. Reliable facts of registration of tundra partridge on the Northern Baseg Mountain noted in May and September 2023 make it possible to include this species in the list of inhabitants of the protected area. However, the status of this bird's stay in Basegi is unclear and requires clarification.
Alarmones as bacterial persistence factor
Authors:   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, PFRC, the Ural Branch of RAS, Sidorov Roman Yu. ,   Perm State University, Tkachenko Alexander G. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, PFRC, the Ural Branch of RAS,   Perm State University
Published: December 2023

The treatment of bacterial infections with antibiotics is significantly complicated because of the adaptive mechanisms employed by bacteria. Chronic and recurrent infections are often linked to bacterial persis-tence, biofilm formation, and antibiotic tolerance. These processes result in reduced metabolic activity, rendering bacteria insensitive to conventional antibiotics that primarily target actively growing cells. The stringent re-sponse, regulated by (p)ppGpp alarmone molecules, serves as a stress adaptation mechanism. It is conserved across numerous bacterial species and plays an important role in long-term survival under nutrient-depleted con-ditions. (p)ppGpp alarmones also play a significant role in bacterial persistence and the formation of biofilms. The pursuit of novel antibacterial agents that specifically target (p)ppGpp synthesis, thereby inhibiting the strin-gent response, presents a promising strategy in the battle against bacterial infections. In this context, alarmone synthetase inhibitors emerge as promising candidates for clinical application, as they have demonstrated their effectiveness in suppressing bacterial survival mechanisms, inhibiting biofilm formation, and reducing antibiotic tolerance and bacterial persistence.
Influence of oxo-derivatives of nitrogen containing heterocycles CBR-384 and CBR-386 on respiratory activity and the level of extracellular sulfur containing compounds in Escherichia coli
Authors:   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center RAS, Triandafilova G. A. , Tyulenev A. V. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center RAS, Muzyka N. G. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center RAS, Smirnova G. V. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center RAS
Published: December 2023

The biological activity of two representatives of oxo-derivative nitrogen-containing heterocycles CBR-384 and CBR-386, planned for use as drugs, on growing aerobically gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli was studied. Compound CBR-384 completely inhibited growth rate and biomass accumulation as measured by optical density (OD600). Continuous recording of dissolved oxygen (dO2) with a Clark electrode directly in the growing culture showed that CBR-384 caused a rapid and irreversible increase in oxygen levels in the medium, which indicated a decrease in the respiratory activity of cells. In time, the phase of rapid decline in respiration coincided with the phase of decreased growth rate. In aerobic cultures of E. coli, respiratory activity is closely related to the generation of membrane potential. However, only a small, but statistically significant, decrease in membrane potential, measured using the fluorescent dye DiBAC4(3), was found with CBR-384. It is known that in aerobic E. coli cultures growing on sulfate as a sulfur source, stress-induced growth inhibition is accompanied by an increase in extracellular glutathione (GSH) and H2S export. The use of a sulfide-specific electrode re-vealed that when E. coli growth is stopped by CBR-384, sulfide is also exported into the medium. Under these conditions, an increase in extracellular GSH was also noted. The effect of CBR-386 on E. coli, assessed by these four parameters, was less pronounced. The differences in the biological activities of CBR-384 and CBR-386 may be due to differences in their structures.
Assessment of the state of gene pools of Pinus sylvestris L. populations in the east and northeast of the East European Plain
Authors:   Perm State University, Sboeva Yana V.
Published: December 2023

A molecular genetic analysis of horologically related populations of Pinus sylvestris L. was carried out. In the east and northeast of the East European Plain using intermicrosatellite analysis of DNA polymor-phism. Data on the genetic diversity of populations were obtained and the state of their gene pools was assessed. The studied populations of Scots pine have a high genetic diversity (P95= 0.938, HЕ= 0.170, ne= 1.540). Of the 144 DNA fragments, only 3 (0.021%) are rare. The analysis of the share of rare alleles showed that the genetic structure is less balanced in the populations of Verkhnevetluzhskaya (h= 0.254) and Vetluzhsko-Vyatka (h= 0.273). The most balanced genetic structure was observed in the Moloma population (h=0.112) and in the North Vyatka-Uvala population (h=0.127). When assessing the state of gene pools, it was found that the highest values of the coefficient of genetic originality (CSR) were found in the populations of Sysolo-Vychegodskaya (1,164) and Volga-Vetluzhskaya (1.140). This indicates the high specificity of the gene pools of these populations. The lowest values of CLO were determined in the Vetluzhsko-Vyatskaya (0.857) and Volzhsko-Surinskaya (0.875) populations. Analysis of all three groups of indicators of the state of gene pools of populations showed that, taking into account the genetic structure and genetic originality, 6 populations of P. sylvestris have a satisfactory state of gene pools, and two populations (Verkhnevetluzhskaya and Vetluzhsko-Vyatka) have depleted gene pools. When selecting trees for conservation and reforestation, it is necessary to preserve populations with both typical and specific gene pools.
Molecular genetic analysis of ADRB2, NOS3 and PPARGC1A genes in martial artists of the city of Perm
Authors:   Perm State University, Sorokina Anna V. ,   Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy, Boronnikova Svetlana V. ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2023

The study of genetic predisposition to certain types of sports activities will make it possible to sci-entifically select the most promising athletes and adjust their training process, since these data influence the formation of the physical qualities of athletes. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between pol-ymorphic variants of the ADRB2 (Adrenoceptor Beta 2), NOS3 (Nitric Oxide Synthase 3) и PPARGC1A (Peroxi-some Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-Alpha) genes associated with endurance in judo and freestyle wrestling athletes with different sports qualifications. The sample for the study included 50 ath-letes, of which 27 were athletes involved in judo at the «Vityaz» sports school, and 23 athletes involved in free-style wrestling at the «Planeta» sports and health club in the city of Perm. Depending on their sporting success, the combatants were distributed into Group I with high qualifications and into Group II with low qualifications. In 50 martial artists aged 10 to 16 years, laboratory research was carried out using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RT) and polymorphisms of three genes were identified: G/T polymorphism of the NOS3 gene (rs1799983), G/A polymorphism of the PPARGC1A gene (rs8192678) and A/G polymorphism of the ADRB2 gene (rs1042713). An analysis of the relationship between allelic variants of genes in martial artists and their sports qualifications was carried out. An analysis of the relationship between allelic variants of genes in martial artists and their sports qualifications was carried out; significant differences were established between Group I and Group II for genotype A/A (Fexp 2.98>1.96 at p=0.05) and genotype G/G (Fexp 2.60>1.96 at p=0.05) of the ADRB2 gene, and also for the G/A genotype of the PPARGC1A gene (Fexp 2.43>1.96 at p=0.05). The frequency of occurrence of TGS, calculated for the physical quality “endurance”, based on the polymorphism of the ADRB2, NOS3 and PPARGC1A genes in 50 martial artists, ranged from 33 to 100. Combatants with the greatest TGS are highly qualified. The relationship between the two samples (Group I with high qualifications and Group II with low qualifications) and TGS, established based on the analysis of polymorphic positions of three genes (ADRB2, NOS3 and PPARGC1A) is statistically insignificant.
Galectin-9/Tim-3-dependent mechanism of regulation of functional activity of natural killers during pregnancy
Authors:   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the RAS, Orlova Ekaterina G. ,   Perm State National Research University, Loginova Olga A. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the RAS, Gorbunova Olga L. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the RAS, Shirshev Sergey V. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the RAS
Published: December 2023

Galectins are a family of β-galactoside-binding low molecular weight proteins (lectins) homologous in the amino acid sequence of the carbohydrate-binding site. Galectins interact with glycans on the cell surface and are involved in regulating the functional activity of most cells of the human body. Galectin-9 plays a crucial role in controlling the functions of cells of the immune system. Of particular importance are the immunoregulatory effects of galectin-9 during pregnancy, when its production by trophoblast cells increases significantly, which is associated with the formation of peripheral immune tolerance. The main ligand for galectin-9 is the Tim-3 (T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3) molecule, whose high expression is detected on natural killers (NK cells). During pregnancy, the phenotype and functions of NK cells change significantly, which is necessary to prevent cytotoxic reactions to fetal cells. The review systematizes data on the role of galectin-9 in Tim-3-mediated regulation of NK cell functions in the aspect of pregnancy. The study of the regulation of the functional activity of NK cells is necessary to increase the effectiveness of NK cell therapy.
CONSTRUCTION OF A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING ABOVE THE ESTABLISHED NUMBER OF STORIES UNDER THE CONDITION OF CREATION (FINANCING) BY THE DEVELOPER OF SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES: LEGAL EXPERIENCE OF BRAZIL AND RUSSIA
Authors:   Perm State University, Eyrian G. N.
Published: December 2023

Introduction: the article studies Brazilian and Russian (regional) experience in the field of coopera‐tion between authorities, local governments, and developers of multi‐story residential buildings in the creation (financing) of social infrastructure facilities. Purpose: to analyze the Brazilian urban planning in‐strument ‘solo criado’ with a view to its possible application in Russian realities. Methods: formal logic, historical, comparative‐legal, systemic‐structural. Results: the basis of the solo criado or, otherwise, reimbursable grant of the right to construction is a conditional separation of the right to construction from the right to ownership of the land. Brazilian legislation establishes several land‐use coefficients for construction: minimum, basic, and maximum. The building capacity of a land parcel above its basic coef‐ficient is called additional and is classified as an intangible good, which can be an independent object of transactions. The funds collected from the grant of the right to build above the established basic coeffi‐cient of land use are spent for strictly defined purposes, including the creation (financing) of social infra‐structure facilities. In our opinion, the Brazilian town planning instrument solo criado can be partially in‐tegrated into the Russian legal space by establishing in urban planning regulations differentiated values regarding the maximum number of stories (maximum height) of a multi‐story residential building: basic and maximum. The construction of a multi‐story residential building exceeding the basic number of floors (maximum height) should be conditional on the developer’s undertaking to create (finance) social infrastructure facilities.
FROM MARGINAL TO MAINSTREAM: THE CHANGING IMAGE OF EUROPEAN RADICAL RIGHT POPULIST LEADERS
Authors:   Perm State University, Burmistrova E. S.
Published: December 2023

This article examines the personalisation of politics and its impact on the changing image of leaders of Western European right-wing populist parties. As these parties strive to gain recognition in the political mainstream, the characteristics associated with their leaders undergo notable transformations. Analysing these changes provides a fuller picture of ideological shifts within far-right populism. The study uses data from various sources including media, party websites, official websites, social media and personal websites. The concept of gender display is used as a methodological toolkit to analyse leadership trends. Cases of nontraditional leaders whose image revival is inextricably linked to their parties' entry into the political mainstream, such as Tom Van Grieken and Marine Le Pen, are given particular attention. The analysis revealed several major trends in changing leadership portraits, including increased female representation, a trend towards younger leadership, a high emphasis on education, significant professional experience, personification of the family institution, and long-standing ties to party structures from their youth. Moreover, whilst Tom Van Grieken strategically adopts a more positive, approachable image to distance himself from past stereotypes, Marine Le Pen's leadership challenges traditional gender roles in politics, redefining power and effectiveness by skilfully combining masculine and feminine qualities.
SITE SELECTION: FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF POLITICAL PARTY BRANCHES IN THE REGIONS
Authors:   Perm State University, Gilev M. I. , Peshina N. N. ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2023

Regional branches of political parties play an important role in their activities and interaction with voters. In Russia, legislation stipulates that the number of regional branches and the need to have them in at least 50% of the country's regions is one of the institutional conditions for parties to operate. However, not all regions are equally attractive for opening political party branches, according to statistical data on the representat ion of political parties in the regions of the Russian Federation. This study has identified and examined various factors that may determine the attractiveness of regions for opening branches of political parties. The authors assume that the goal of each political party is to maximise its electoral performance. Political parties act as rational actors and use different criteria when deciding where to open branches. The authors concluded that the attractiveness of a region for political party branches in Russia depends on indicators such as the region's population, ethnic composition, results of federal elections in the region, distance of the regional centre from Moscow, and number of seats in the regional legislature. However, the authors of the study suggest that the list of factors could be expanded and improved in the future.
THE DEPARTMENT FOR RESEARCH OF POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND PROCESSES IS 20 YEARS OLD
Authors:   Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, RAS, Kiryanov I. K.
Published: December 2023

The submitted text is dedicated to the twentieth anniversary of the Department for the Research of Political Institutions and Processes of the Perm Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences – the first academic political science institution outside of Moscow. Data on the history of the Department's establishment are presented, as well as the characterisation of the main directions of scientific activity of its employees.
Arazi Örtüsü Haritalamasında Farklı Makine Öğrenmesi Algoritmalarının Değerlendirilmesi: İzmir İli Örneği
Authors: DANACIOĞLU Şevki
Published: December 2023

Doğal kaynak yönetimi ve mekânsal planlama süreçlerinde ayrıntılı, güncel ve doğru bilgilere dayanan arazi örtüsü ve arazi kullanımı (AÖAK) durumunun tespiti önemli rol oynamaktadır. Ancak, bölgesel ölçekte arazi kullanım dinamiklerinin izlenmesini engelleyen veri işleme süreci ve depolama gereksinimi gibi bazı sınırlılıklar vardır. GEE, küresel ölçekte coğrafi verilerin işlenmesine olanak tanıyan açık kaynak kodlu, ücretsiz bir bulut platformdur. Bu araştırmanın amacı GEE üzerinde farklı makine öğrenmesi algoritmaları ile İzmir ili AÖAK haritasını elde etmek ve kullanılan sınıflandırma algoritmaların sonuçlarını karşılaştırmaktır. Araştırmada 2022 yılına ait 10m mekânsal çözünürlüğe sahip Sentinel-2 çok bantlı uydu görüntüleri ile çeşitli UA indeksleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan geniş ölçekteki AÖAK sınıfları ‘Tarım Alanı’, ‘Orman Alanı’, ‘Beşeri Yüzeyler’, ‘Açık Yüzeyler’ ve ‘Su Yüzeyleri’ şeklinde belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada Sınıflandırma ve Regresyon Ağacı (SRA), Destek Vektör Makinesi (DVM), Rastgele Orman (RO) makine öğrenmesi algoritmaları kullanılmış ve her bir sınıflandırıcının Üretici Doğruluğu (ÜD), Kullanıcı Doğruluğu (KD) ve Genel Doğruluğu (GD) ile Kappa Katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak %97,2 GD ve Kappa değeri %95,7 olan RO sınıflandırma algoritması, en yüksek sınıflandırma doğruluğuna sahiptir. %96,1 GD ve %94,9 Kappa değeri ile DVM algoritması ikinci en yüksek sınıflandırma doğruluğuna sahip algoritma olmuştur. SRA algoritmasının GD %93,3, Kappa değeri ise %91.4 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak RO yöntemi SRA ve DVM yöntemlerine göre daha iyi sonuç verdiği tespit edilmiştir. Diğer yandan sınıflandırma modellerinde özellikle açık yüzeyler ile beşeri yüzeyler ve çıplak tarım alanları arasındaki yansıma örtüşmesi bu sınıfların ayırt edilmesini güçleştirdiği görülmektedir.
A neural network method for path planning in a two-dimensional space
Authors:   Institute of Radio Engineering Systems and Management of SFU, Taganrog, Russian Federation, Lukin Dmitry S. , Kosenko Evgeny Yu. ,   Institute of Radio Engineering Systems and Management of SFU, Taganrog, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

Currently, the robotization of various spheres of human life is moving at a high pace. Robots of various types and purposes are used everywhere, from storage robots moving along a given route or markers to high-tech robotic complexes that solve tasks with minimal operator participation. Robotics technology continues to evolve, and its potential for automation and solving various tasks is constantly expanding. One of the key issues of increasing the autonomy of mobile robots is the development of new and improvement of the existing approaches to controlling the movement of robots, in particular to path planning. In this paper, the task of path planning is solved using artificial neural networks and deep machine learning with reinforcement, in which the robot learns to choose actions in the environment in such a way as to maximize some numerical reward or achieve a certain goal. This approach allows you to plan the trajectory of movement by modeling the environment, the behavior of the robot, as well as the interaction between them. The reinforcement learning method provides an effective way for robots and autonomous systems to learn to adapt to diverse conditions and perform path planning tasks. In this paper, the possibility of solving the problem of planning movement to a given point using the method of approximate strategy optimization and the "Action – Criticism" method is investigated. The results obtained show the possibility of solving the task when learning on a relatively small number of episodes. The proposed approach can be used to control ground-based robotic systems for various purposes.
A methodology for selecting algorithms for optimizing the resilience of energy infrastructures
Authors:   Melentiev Energy Systems Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Edelev Aleksei V. , Beresneva Natalya M. ,   Melentiev Energy Systems Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Kostromin Roman O. ,   Matrosov Institute for System Dynamics and Control Theory of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk
Published: December 2023

The article considers one of the most difficult tasks of studying the resilience of energy infrastructures – finding effective combinations of measures to increase resilience. To solve this problem, the article describes an approach that considers it as a problem of structural-parametric optimization of energy infrastructures, which is built according to a two- or three-level scheme. The approach described in the article adds another layer to the middle of the above scheme, which checks the efficiency of the selected equipment under extreme conditions created by a given set of large disturbances. The main disadvantage that the approach inherits from the structural-parametric optimization of energy infrastructures is a high computational complexity of the multilevel optimization scheme. However, the unacceptable calculation time can be explained by the selection of inappropriate optimization algorithms. In the papers concerning the structural-parametric optimization of energy infrastructures publ in the literature, the question of comparing optimization algorithms with each other is clearly not raised. Therefore, this article proposes a three-stage methodology for selecting optimization algorithms, according to which, before solving a specific problem of optimizing the resilience of energy infrastructures, first test the algorithms, and then choose the best one based on a multi-criteria analysis of the test results. To apply the methodology, it is necessary to develop a special lightweight version of the task of optimizing resilience and prepare a testbed for organizing and conducting test computational experiments. The application of the methodology is demonstrated by the example of choosing heuristic methods for finding optimal solutions from the PaGMO library used at the external level of the resilience optimization scheme of the Unified Gas Supply System of Russia. In total, five popular evolutionary algorithms were tested, the most suitable of which turned out to be a genetic sorting algorithm without NSGA-II dominance.
A influência do sombreamento no uso de Praças Públicas: um estudo exploratório na cidade de Juiz de Fora - MG
Authors: Oliveira Priscila Castro de , Oliveira Eduardo Carvalho de , Mendonça Amanda Rafaela de Paula , Santos Letícia de Oliveira , Alberto Klaus Chaves
Published: December 2023

As praças urbanas são Espaços Livres Públicos (ELPs) de convívio social que se distribuem de forma mais ampla pela malha das cidades oferecendo às pessoas áreas de atividades, mobiliários e cobertura vegetal. Todavia, as atribuições das praças não se restringem à composição do desenho urbano e aos benefícios de uso coletivo, mas também contribuem para o conforto ambiental, através de suas áreas verdes permeáveis e de sua cobertura arbórea. Tendo em vista o potencial desses espaços, esta investigação exploratória tem como objetivo analisar influências do sombreamento das praças sobre a presença de usuários e sobre as atividades que desempenham. Para isso, foram realizados Mapas Comportamentais e estudos de sombra direta para praças da cidade de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. Como resultado, verificou-se que em todos os horários há um percentual maior de ocupação em áreas sombreadas. Este percentual aumenta, na maior parte das praças, durante a tarde, possivelmente, devido a maior parcela de sombreamento neste horário, quanto também pelo aumento da temperatura média diária entre o turno da manhã e o da tarde. Todavia, verificou-se que essas condicionantes não são determinantes, visto que áreas de atividades relevantes nas praças concentraram usuários independente do horário, temperatura e sombreamento. Assim, pretende-se gerar contribuições quanto ao efeito do sombreamento e da temperatura sobre o uso das praças em relação a diferentes horários e dias, influenciando sobre a qualidade de vida das pessoas no ambiente urbano.
Análise da qualidade espacial e vitalidade do Jardim Municipal Dr. Pereira Rezende de São Manuel (SP)
Authors: Ito Aline Tiemi , Fantazia Ariele de Fátima , Magagnin Renata Cardoso
Published: December 2023

As praças são importantes espaços públicos que se destacam por romperem a continuidade das construções, trazem um respiro para a cidade, além de benefícios físicos e ambientais. Elementos físicos e morfológicos, assim como a diversidade de atividades, influenciam no bom funcionamento e no uso dos espaços públicos e no comportamento humano, proporcionando-o um local de encontro e lazer. Nesse contexto, este artigo objetiva analisar as características morfológicas e topoceptivas do Jardim Municipal Dr. Pereira Rezende localizado na área central da cidade de São Manuel (SP), do qual ainda não há pesquisas relacionadas ao desempenho físico-social. Foi adotada uma metodologia desenvolvida por Silva (2020) que utiliza multimétodos para avaliar a qualidade espacial de praças. O instrumento é composto por: i) indicadores de desempenho e pelo Índice de Qualidade de Praças (IQEP), ii) análise topoceptiva; e iii) análise por mapa comportamental. Os resultados evidenciam que o jardim é utilizado como área de permanência e passagem. Os aspectos positivos que contribuem para a vitalidade do local estão associados a qualidade e manutenção do mobiliário, diversidade de atividades e sombreamento natural, dentre outros aspectos, e o abandono do espaço em determinados períodos, está associado a falta de iluminação artificial e policiamento. Os resultados mostram que a vitalidade desse espaço público é influenciada pelas características físicas locais e de seu entorno e a identificação dos problemas podem ser utilizados pelos gestores municipais para futura requalificação do jardim.
Análise das dimensões da sustentabilidade urbana no município de Cavalcante-GO: uma contribuição para a revisão do plano diretor
Authors: Silva Angélica Azevedo e , Andrade Liza Maria Souza de , Wiesinieski Lívia Cristina Barros da Silva
Published: December 2023

O Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, localizado no Goiás, é um importante ponto turístico por sua paisagem natural única. Além disso, a região abriga o Sítio Histórico e Patrimônio Cultural Kalunga, o maior território remanescente de comunidades quilombolas do Brasil. Pela grande quantidade de atividades turísticas, os municípios em volta funcionam para o suprimento de necessidades básicas dos visitantes. Um deles é Cavalcante, que tem sido impactado por diversas problemáticas gerando uma insustentabilidade urbana. Por isso, houve a necessidade de analisar as dimensões da sustentabilidade, sendo elas a ambiental, social, econômica e cultural, contribuindo com a revisão do Plano Diretor. Este foi o objetivo da pesquisa, de modo a diagnosticar as problemáticas e propor soluções sustentáveis, sensíveis à preservação, à água e às pré-existências. A análise se insere no projeto de extensão “Gestão Ambiental Urbana Participativa e Turística” do “Grupo de Pesquisa e Extensão Periférico”, FAU/UnB. Seguindo a metodologia do Periférico, o primeiro passo é justamente o diagnóstico das dimensões da sustentabilidade, uma metodologia de análise da forma urbana desenvolvida por Andrade e Lemos (2015). A abordagem teórica utilizada envolve os temas da sustentabilidade, cidades e comunidades sustentáveis, desenho urbano sensível à água e memória social. Os resultados envolvem principalmente áreas naturais e culturais a serem preservadas e falta de infraestrutura urbana. A pesquisa contribui com o município, porém ainda há a necessidade de aprofundar os estudos no tema da gestão de políticas públicas, produzir mais conteúdo gráfico e representar os padrões espaciais das soluções.
Arquitetura Hospitalar e Modernidade: Um estudo de caso em edifício histórico de Porto Alegre dos anos 50
Authors: Laghi Laís Bernardo , Souto Ana Elisa
Published: December 2023

O artigo em questão descreve uma pesquisa que se concentra na arquitetura moderna com ênfase na área da saúde, especificamente na Faculdade de Odontologia da UFRGS (1960), um edifício que está sob inventário municipal. O objetivo principal deste estudo é a documentação e análise detalhada desse marco da arquitetura moderna em Porto Alegre. Essa análise é conduzida por meio de desenhos técnicos e imagens de referência, permitindo a identificação de elementos significativos e sua conexão direta com os princípios modernos. Além disso, a pesquisa aborda a interação da edificação com seu entorno, incluindo outras estruturas relevantes, e explora a visão do arquiteto em relação à futura evolução da construção, adaptando-se às demandas em constante mudança. A revisão bibliográfica contextualiza o período histórico e as ideias modernas que fundamentaram o projeto original. Os resultados obtidos na análise demonstram a duradoura funcionalidade da arquitetura moderna e seu alinhamento com os princípios da arquitetura bioclimática. Em síntese, este estudo investiga a interação entre a arquitetura hospitalar e a modernidade em um edifício histórico datado da década de 1950 em Porto Alegre. Essa pesquisa oferece uma valiosa compreensão da evolução histórica do tema e sua contínua relevância nos dias de hoje.
An Integration of Local Wisdom into a Problem-based Student Book to Empower Students' Conservation Attitudes
Authors: DAMOPOLİİ Insar , NUNAKİ Jan Hendriek , JENİ Jeni , RAMPHERİ Mangana B. , AMBUSAİDİ Abdullah
Published: December 2023

The current state of students' knowledge regarding species diversity, particularly when it comes to endangered local species, is a cause for concern. This problem has resulted in a decline in students' attitudes towards conserving these species. To address these issues, providing students with reading resources that incorporate local wisdom is crucial. This research aims to develop a student book centered around real-world problems and incorporate Papuan local wisdom to enhance students' conservation attitudes. The ADDIE model has been employed to guide the product development process, including trials conducted with junior high school students. The effectiveness of the book was evaluated through questionnaires measuring conservation attitudes, expert validation using validation sheets, and student response questionnaires to assess practicality. The research findings indicate that the student book has been deemed valid by experts. Positive responses from students and teachers regarding the book's ability to optimize conservation attitudes suggest that it meets practical criteria. Moreover, statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in pre and post attitudes demonstrate that problem-based books integrated with local wisdom effectively empower students' conservation attitudes. The inclusion of information on local wisdom, emphasizing the importance of preserving species, has greatly benefited students by enhancing their knowledge and positively impacting their conservation attitudes. Science teachers can utilize problem-based student books that integrate local wisdom as a powerful tool to enhance their students' conservation attitudes.
Development of Web3 Awareness Scale as the Next Evolution of the Internet
Authors: UYSAL Mevlüt , ÜSTÜNDAĞ Mutlu Tahsin , ÇELİK Ahmet , TANRIVERDİ Mustafa , CERAN Onur , AYAZ Zafer
Published: December 2023

Web3, characterized by its decentralization, user autonomy, and integration of blockchain technologies, introduces a novel ecosystem that is rife with both opportunities and complexities. While these advances are rewriting the conventional norms of digital interaction and data management, they are also ushering in a new set of challenges and learning curves. We introduce the "Web3 Awareness Scale" as a main element through the current study. This carefully designed scale assesses university students' understanding and readiness for the emerging landscape of Web3. Whilst the article provides detailed insights into the technical, real-world applications and challenges of Web3, the inclusion of the scale emphasizes the practical assessment of awareness and readiness among key digital natives - students. As a result of the EFA, 6 items were removed from the scale, and the total explained variance of the two-factor structure consisted of 31. The final version of the scale showed a total explained variation of 64.16%. Specifically, the first factor, Opportunities, accounted for 46.94% of the variance, while the second factor, Risks, accounted for 17.21% of the variance. It is found that the coefficients of all factors indicate a very highly reliable measurement. The interpretation is that both the total scale and each factor have a high level of reliability. The findings from the scale are critical and have the potential to provide invaluable insights. These insights are expected to shape future educational curricula and policy-making, ensuring that the next generation is well-equipped to navigate and exploit the opportunities of Web3.
The Formative Characteristics and Exchange of Short-Sleeved Clothes in the 13th-14th Century: Centered around Mongolia, China, and Korea
Authors:   The Korean Association for Mongolian Studies, Lee Hojung
Published: December 2023

This study focuses on short-sleeved clothing in Mongolia, China, and Korea, specifically exploring the concept and origin of short-sleeved attire by examining the types and their formative characteristics and further identifying traces of costume exchange manifested through short-sleeved garments. First, Short-sleeved clothing is a generic term for garments with no sleeves, usually worn as overcoats rather than as standalone items. The term has changed depending on the era, country, and formative style, such as the length or collar of the clothing. Additionally, through examination of historical records and relics, it was observed that short-sleeved clothing before the 13th and 14th centuries developed in the form of kaftan-type or Poncho-type clothing. It was understood as a type of clothing worn by nomadic tribes of Central Asia. There are three types of short-sleeved clothing seen throughout the three countries. Dapo is “a short-sleeve or sleeveless overcoat” and is one of the elements of the Mongolian Jisün or Zhisun, a ceremonial attire of the Yuan dynasty. Bi-gyun is presumed to be similar to Dapo: it has a straight collar with an overlapping closure, with pleats on each side and half-length sleeves. Bigap is ‘a long sleeveless overcoat with a straight collar with a center closure’. We can examine traces of cultural exchange that show in the Dapo and the Bigap. First, the Dapo was originally worn in ancient Mongolia for warmth. It was introduced to Ming and Goryeo and has evolved over time, as different materials were used for different climates lifestyles, and local unique clothing culture. Moreover, the formative features such as the straight double collars, the overlapping closure to the deep right side, slits to the side, and side panels are commonly seen in excavated and painted materials across the three countries, indicating an exchange of clothes through cultural contact. Additionally, although data from the Mongolian Empire period is unclear, the Bigap is believed to be a garment that was worn since the Mongol Empire expanded its power and in time influenced Ming and Goryeo. It is also assumed to be the origin of Uuj ’in the 19th century. So far, our efforts have been focused on understanding the exchange and flow of clothing culture through short-sleeved garments of Mongolia, Goryeo, and Ming. Moving forward, detailed discussions on cultural exchange and change in costumes must be conducted by examining not only the data from these countries but also the data from neighboring countries and peoples as well.
A Contrastive Study on the Declarative Ending of Mongolian and Korean Language
Authors:   The Korean Association for Mongolian Studies, Bayarmaa Garidjav
Published: December 2023

In the Korean language, the ending is divided into a “prefinal ending” and a “final ending” according to the location. The final ending can be divided into a termination ending and a non termination ending depending on whether the sentence ends or not. The non-terminating ending has a connection ending with a function of inclusion. On the other hand, Mongolian terminative endings include tense terminative endings and number of personal names declarative endings. In this paper, we were examined the characteristics of the declarative ending system of Korean and Mongolian. Declarative endings are one of the most frequently used endings to learn from the beginner level. Therefore, it is meaningful to contrast the composition of the declarative ending of Korean and Mongolian languages and review the detailed characteristics within them. As a result, the similarities between the two languages’ declarative endings, similarities in function, similarities in form and use, and similarities in literary style and colloquial style are examined, In addition, the differences between the declarative ending of the two languages, the differences in form, the differences in the use of rules and irregularities, and the differences in literary style and colloquial style were examined.
The value of elastography strain rate ratio in benign and malignant BI-RADS-US 3-4 breast masses
Authors: Li Xinping , Sun Weixu , Zhang Hongbiao
Published: December 2023

In the realm of breast diagnostics, Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) serves as a systematic framework, guiding a methodical exploration into the nuanced narratives of masses. The current study aims to investigate the value of strain rate ratio (SR) of elastography for benign and malignant breast masses categorized by BI-RADS for Ultrasonography (BI-RADS-US) category 3-4. Ultrasonographic data of 1099 breast masses that underwent both elastography and pathological examination were retrospectively analyzed by non-parametric test, consistency analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve sequentially. ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic effect of SR method in different BI-RADS categories of breast lesions. The maximum Youden index obtained from the ROC curve was 0.845. At a cut-off value of 3.57, the SR values’ diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for distinguishing benign and malignant breast lesions were 85.7 %, 98.8 %, 93.6 %, 97.9 % and 91.45 %, respectively. Consistency analysis showed that the consistency between SR value and pathological diagnosis was 93.6 % (κ = 0.864). In addition, the SR values between benign and malignant lesions of BI-RADS 3 and 4 were statistically different (P < 0.001). ROC analysis indicated that the diagnostic area under curve (AUC) for SR value in BI-RADS 3, 4a, 4b and 4c lesions were 0.985, 0.866, 0.793 and 0.916, respectively. In addition, the study observed 58 cases of missed diagnosis and 20 cases of misdiagnosis in evaluating benign and malignant breast lesions. The elastic SR ratio method has a good diagnostic value for the evaluation of breast masses, particularly for lesions with a score of 3-4. The elastic SR ratio method is instrumental in enhancing the accuracy of diagnosis.
Двор многоквартирного дома как социокультурный феномен и его влияние на соседские практики
Authors: Литвинцев Денис Борисович
Published: December 2023

Двор многоквартирного дома, будучи коммунальным, — это особое социокультурное пространство, которое претерпевало изменения на протяжении всего времени развития досоветских, советских и постсоветских (российских) городов. Целью настоящей статьи является социологический анализ изменений современного российского двора по отношению к советскому, которые сопровождались не только снижением его функциональной роли, но и непосредственным влиянием на деформацию и распад соседских практик. Теоретико-методологическую основу исследования составили работы, посвященные двору именно как социально-культурному феномену, а не просто архитектурно-планировочному решению в городском пространстве. В фокусе исследования преимущественно находятся такие исторически сложившиеся функции двора, как социализация, коммуникация и защита, претерпевающие активные изменения в последние годы. Чувство безопасности во дворе напрямую влияет на интенсивность и характер соседских отношений, которые могут быть сведены к нулю, что превращает дворы в «места отсутствия». Дисфункциональность двора вызвана также трансформацией дворового пространства, связанной с перераспределением взрослых зон в пользу детских площадок, а также сокращением зеленых зон и утилитарностью газонов. Несмотря на это, в российских дворах все меньше детей, что связано также с активным развитием интернета. Особое внимание в статье уделяется различным дворовым сообществам (бабушки, автолюбители и др.) во взаимосвязи с соседской коммуникацией, которая обладает своей спецификой в высотных многоквартирных домах. Отдельно рассматривается проблема виртуализации двора (развитие соседских чатов), также приводящая к его «опустению». В заключение делается вывод о том, что постепенное поглощение двора (как соседской общины) городской улицей (фактически обществом) не будет способствовать развитию соседских отношений.
Extraction of Food Items and Analysis with Thin Layer Chromatography (Outreach Activity) v1
Authors: I. Elizondo Anna
Published: December 2023

An experiment was performed where grocery store bought consumer items (i.e. spinach, red cabbage, carrots, tomatoes, tea leaves, coffee, and fish food) were extracted with ethanol and the resulting extracts were analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC). This protocol will be deployed for outreach activity purposes to show STEM participants how chemistry techniques (extraction and TLC analysis) can be used to analyze compounds from natural sources.
User Guide for CytoFLEX S Analyzer v1
Authors: C Tijerina Jamie
Published: December 2023

This is the Caltech Flow Cytometry Facility's User Guide for the CytoFLEX S Analyzer. This guide is given to all investigators who are trained to run the CytoFLEX S in the facility. A copy is kept in a binder next to the instrument at all times along with all other CytoFLEX S related protocols. This user guide includes basic instructions for operating the instrument in both tube mode and plate mode. It also contains instructions for troubleshooting.