bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of spiropyrrolizidines containing quinoxaline and pyrrole fragments
Authors:   Saratov State University, Borisova Svetlana V. , Sorokin Vitaly V. ,   Saratov State University, Klochkova Irina N. ,   Saratov State University
Published: July 2023

The reaction of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition azomethine ylides obtained by the in situ interaction of 11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one and proline, and 3-phenyl-1-pyrrolyl-2-en-1-ones has been used for the synthesis of substituted spiropyrrolizidines in continuation of the study the use of new enones as dipolarophiles. The conditions for the implementation of a three-component synthesis (temperature regime, solvent, activation method) are selected. The best performance has been obtained by refluxing the reaction mixture in ethanol. Ultrasonic activation did not reduce the reaction time or increase the yields significantly. The reaction proceeds regio- and diastereoselectively with the formation of a single type of products in 72–76% yields. It has been found that carrying out the process in the mode of a four-component reaction using ninhydrin and 1,2-phenylphamine, the reaction product of which is 11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one, with the selected dipolarophile is impossible due to the formation of ninhydrin azomethine ylide and proline and its interaction with a dipolarophile to give substituted spiro[indene-2,3’- pyrrolysine]-1,3-diones, which has been proven by a counter synthesis using enone, ninhydrin and proline, which also results in the same type products with yields of 89–92%. A probable scheme of the studied transformations is proposed. Regio- and diastereoselectivity testifies in favor of concerted cycloaddition, passing in both cases through a transition state in which a bond is formed between the most electrophilic β-carbon atom of the enone system and the nucleophilic carbon atom of the dipole. The reasons for the observed features are discussed. The composition and structure of the final products have been confirmed by elemental analysis, 1Н, 13С NMR, HMBC, NOESY spectroscopy. The resulting compounds contain pharmacophoric quinoxaline and pyrrole fragments and can be used to study various types of biological activity characteristic of structures with similar fragments.
Sanyar Video Laryngoscope Improved Time and First Pass Success of Tracheal Intubation in Intensive Care Unit in Compared to Direct Laryngoscopy
Authors: Khajavi Mohammad Reza , Ramezani Razieh , Sharifnia Hamid Reza , Najafi Atabak , Barkhordari Khosro
Published: July 2023

Background: Airway management and tracheal intubation in the ICU is a difficult procedure that may be concomitant with major complications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the SANYAR ® video laryngoscope(S-VL) on laryngeal view and first Pass Success of tracheal Intubation compared with direct laryngoscopy.
Methods: This comparative, prospective clinical study was conducted on 120 adult patients in a single-center, in a surgical ICU under the supervision of an anesthesiologist in a university hospital. Difficult airway predictors, glottic view, first Pass Success of tracheal Intubation and time of intubation were evaluated with Macintosh laryngoscopy (ML) or the SANYAR® Video Laryngoscope(S-VL).
Results: Tracheal intubation was performed in 58 critically ill patients using ML and 62 patients using S-VL. According to Cormack and Lehane (C&L) grading glottic visualization was more difficult using ML (41%, C&L grade 3 and 4) compared with S-VL (13%, C&L grade 3 and 4) p<0.001. Intubation of trachea was more successful in the first attempt, in patients with at least one difficult airway predictor with a S-VL compared to ML (87% vs. 38%; P = 0.001), time of intubation was also shorter by using S-VL.
Conclusion: Among critically ill patients in the intensive care unit, who require intubation, the SANYAR video laryngoscopy improved glottis view compared to the Macintosh direct laryngoscopy and first-pass orotracheal intubation rate especially in patients with potentially difficult airways.
Ultrasound Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block for Post-Operative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Study
Authors: Acharya Shilpa Amol , Acharya Geetha Rajesh , Rawekar Shreya Rajendra
Published: July 2023

Background: Primary objective:

Duration of block
Post-operative pain score
Post-operative rescue analgesic consumption

Secondary objective:

To observe patient satisfaction score
Occurrence of post-operative complications if any.

Methods: A total of 60 patients, aged between 18-60yrs, belonging to ASA I & II with hip osteoarthritis requiring total hip arthroplasty (THA) were divided into two groups of 30 each. Patients were randomized into two groups and were given ipsilateral USG guided anterior QLB in the fascial plane between QL and psoas major muscles after surgery. Group C received 30ml NS and group T received 30ml of inj. Ropivacaine 0.2%. Post operatively patient received inj. PCM 1G TDS. Duration of block, requirement of rescue analgesia, VAS score and side effects were the parameters those were monitored and compared.
Results: Mode pain score by VAS was significantly lower in T group(p<0.05) than C group which required more analgesia. (The chi-square value-5.9341, p=0.0148). Duration of block was more in T group. Patient satisfaction was noted to be better in T group.
Conclusion: Use of post-operative USG guided Ant. QLB reduced VAS score in patient undergoing THA. It also significantly decreased the requirement of post- operative rescue analgesia and improved patient satisfaction.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Trigeminal Ganglion Ablation Using Pulse Radiofrequency in the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Nazemian Yazdi Nader Ali , Sanatkar Mehdi , Sanie Jahromi Mohammad Sadegh
Published: July 2023

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia is a sudden, severe condition characterized by stabbing and recurrent pain. Radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFT) and pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) are common surgical interventions used to treat trigeminal neuralgia. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and associated complications of PRF in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.
Methods: Pulsed radiofrequency was performed on 20 patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia. One months later, pain relief and complication status were evaluated. All patients who referred to the pain clinic of Amir Alam Hospital with a diagnosis of primary TN and after failure of conservative treatment or intolerance to drug side effects were candidates for trigeminal ganglion destruction by PRF method were the study population.
Results: In this study, the female to male ratio was 1.5. The mean age of patients was 50.70 years. The highest prevalence was reported in 50-75 years (45%). 7 patients (35%) had pain in the right and 13 patients (65%) had pain in the left. In 18 patients there was involvement in one nerve root and in 2 patients there was involvement in 2 nerve roots. 1 patient (5%) had V1 root involvement, 13 patients (65%) had V2 root involvement and 8 patients (40%) had V3 root involvement. The mean pain score of patients before the procedure was 8.8. The mean pain of patients one hour after surgery was 3.95 and on days 7 and 30 after surgery were 3.3 and 4.25, respectively. One hour after the operation, effective pain relief was observed in 75% of patients. The effective response rate was observed one week after the procedure in 80% of patients and one month later in 60% of patients. There was no significant relationship between patients' gender and the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the procedure after one month. With age, the effective response to treatment in patients increases. In 2 patients, infection was reported at the procedure site. Four patients reported paresthesia at the procedure site one month after surgery.
Conclusion: PRF treatment was an effective, safe and non-destructive method for patients with TN. Primary PRF treatment can be considered as a first-line option before more invasive treatments, such as neurodegenerative procedures and MVD surgery.
Ultrasound Guided Bilateral Erector Spinae Block With Dexamethasone For Post-Operative Analgesia In Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Case Series
Authors: Bheemanna Nalini Kadirehally , Nagaraj Anusha , Appajigowda Naveen Mandya
Published: July 2023

Background: Most of the lumbar spine surgeries cause severe post-operative pain. Poorly controlled postoperative pain is associated with increased morbidity and increased health-care costs. Recently, erector spinae plane (ESP) block has been introduced in our clinical practice as a part of the multimodal pain strategy after lumbar spine surgery. This case series is to analyse the efficacy and safety of erector spinae block for lumbar spine surgery.
Methods: In this study eight patients, who were posted for lumbar spine surgeries, ultrasound (US) guided bilateral erector spinae block was given post-operatively. Post-operative pain was assessed using Visual analogue scale (VAS), score at 4, 8, 12 and 24 hrs. Rescue analgesia inj tramadol 50gm IV was given when VAS score was more than or equal to 5. Time when the first rescue analgesia was given was noted.
Results: Erector spinae block was successfully performed in all the cases. The mean duration of the procedures was 175.6±31.7 mins (Table 1). None of the patients complained of pain in the immediate postoperative period. The mean time of first rescue analgesia was 11.3±2.3 mins.
Conclusion: ESP block with dexamethasone offer a good postoperative analgesia in lumbar spine surgeries for acute postoperative pain reducing the opioid consumption.
Effects of Nandrolone on Outcomes and Metabolic Response in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Abdollahi Hamed , Yousefi Abolghasem , Ghadami Ladan
Published: July 2023

Background: Two major difficulties in critical care are muscle weakness and malnutrition. Their prevalence in critically ill patients is about 30-50% during hospital stays, and they can also affect routine patient life after discharge, even leading to recurrent infection and death. Metabolic responses to injury have specific effects on metabolic phases in patients.
Methods: This study is a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial on critically ill patients in two groups. Both groups were checked for metabolic markers and demographic characteristics during admission and before discharge. In the nandrolone group, 25mg of nandrolone (IM) was injected weekly for three weeks. In the control group, normal saline was used as a placebo. To assess metabolic responses, albumin, total protein, and testosterone levels were checked, in addition to static measures such as cross-sections of rectus femur and mid-upper arm circumference.
Results: There were no significant differences in SOFA and APACHE 2 scores, PSA, ESR, CRP, and PTC levels between the two groups (p<0.05). Results also showed no significant differences between the mean of length of hospital stay, serum albumin, total protein, hemoglobin, testosterone, and HDL between the two groups (p<0.05). LDL and TG had P-values of 0.01 and 0.012, respectively. MUAC and sonographic findings of rectus femoris muscle were better in the case group (P-values 0.008 and 0.012).
Conclusion: Nandrolone had no significant effects on metabolic markers in critically ill patients, except for TG and LDL. The changes in muscle characteristics were significant. However, more study is needed to assess muscular power.
Ultrasound for Perioperative Lung Monitoring of Patients Undergoing Thoracic Surgery with One-Lung Ventilation
Authors: Sunohara Mari , Maeda Akihiko , Nakanishi Yukiko , Amano Eizo , Okada Toshiki , Shibuya Hiromi
Published: July 2023

Background: The diagnostic efficacy of lung ultrasonography (LUS) has been widely investigated. However, the clinical value of LUS for perioperative monitoring has rarely been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of LUS to assess lung aeration status after one-lung ventilation (OLV) using a validated scoring system.
Methods: In this prospective observational study, patients undergoing elective video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) with OLV underwent a lung ultrasound examination just after induction of anesthesia and at the end of the surgery. After each lung ultrasound examination, a semiquantitative score, the LUS score, was calculated to assess lung aeration on the ventilated dependent side and the non-dependent side separately. The relationship between the LUS scores and various patient-related factors was also investigated.
Results: Twenty-five patients were studied. All lung ultrasound examinations were successfully completed. LUS scores after OLV on the dependent side (median [IQR]: 2 [1–4]) increased significantly from baseline (1 [0–1.5], P < 0.001). Further, LUS scores on the non-dependent side (2 [1.5–3.5]) increased significantly from baseline (1 [0–1.5], P < 0.001). None of the factors analyzed was significantly correlated with LUS scores after OLV.
Conclusion: LUS examination is possible after VATS with OLV on both sides of the thorax. Ultrasonography-measured lung aeration scores increased from baseline on both sides.
Comparison of Landmark Versus ECG-Guided Technique for Correct Insertion of Central Venous Catheter in Paediatric Patients Undergoing Cardiothoracic Surgery
Authors: Garg Monika , Meena Reema , Joshi Adhokshaj , Saiyed Anjum , Garg Arun
Published: July 2023

Background: Central venous catheters are inserted in internal jugular vein during cardiac surgeries in all patients. However, the length of the catheter should be correctly estimated and the tip of the CVC should be correctly placed to avoid various complications. 
The primary objective of this study is to compare anatomical landmark technique versus using ECG-guided technique for the correct insertion length of the Central Venous Catheter.
Methods: Prospective, randomized, interventional study was conducted on 72 patients of <12 years age. Patients were randomly allotted to two groups of 36 patients each (landmark and ECG). After induction, CVC cannulation was performed using either of the techniques in right IJV in all patients. Correct position of CVC was checked by obtaining post operative chest X rays in all patients. CVC tip position within 0.5cm above/below or at carina was considered as correct position. Using student t-tests and Chi square-tests analyses were performed.
Results: In landmark group, CVC was positioned correctly in 22(61.11%) out of 36 patients as compared to 33 (91.67%) in the ECG group, (P = 0.006). The mean depth of CVC insertion was 9.05±1.66 and 8.26±1.41 in the landmark and ECG group respectively (P= 0.032). The landmark group had 12 (33.33%) patients with complications during the procedure, as compared to 3(8.33%) in the ECG-guided group, (P = 0.020).
Conclusion: ECG-guided CVC insertion, a simple bedside technique was found more accurate with lesser complications for CVC tip placement than the landmark technique. ECG-guided CVC placement is therefore relatively more accurate, efficient, and safe.
Effect of Intravenous Dexamethasone on the Duration of Analgesia Provided by Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block for Upper Limb Surgery
Authors: Sarguru Praveen R , Kaur Ranvinder , Yadav Usha , Yadav Rupesh
Published: July 2023

Background: Pain is associated with increased sympathetic activity leads to tachycardia, elevated blood pressure and myocardial insults so pain control is necessary during the surgery and in the postoperative period. Aim of the study was to study the effect of intravenous dexamethasone on the duration of analgesia provided by supraclavicular block (SCB) for upper limb surgery.
Methods: 75 patients, age between 18 to 70 years of either sex, ASA class I and II, who were undergoing upper limb surgery randomized into three groups of 25 patients each by computer generated random number. Group S - 25 patients were given 5ml of normal saline intravenously along with ultrasound-guided SCB with 25ml 0.5% bupivacaine. Group DF - 25 patients were given 4mg intravenous dexamethasone in 5ml normal saline along with ultrasound-guided SCB with 25ml 0.5% bupivacaine. Group DE - 25 patients were given 8mg intravenous dexamethasone in 5ml normal saline along with ultrasound-guided SCB with 25ml 0.5% bupivacaine.
Results: The demographic data were comparable in all groups. The VAS score was significantly lower in Group DF and DE compared to Group S at 3,4,6,8,10,12 and 24 hours, with p values < 0.0001 at 3,4,5,6,8,10 and 12 hours and p value 0.0002 at 24 hours. The VAS scores between the groups DF and DE were comparable at 3,4,5,6,8,10,12 and 24 hours without any significant difference. The time for first rescue analgesia was significantly in Group DF and DE compared to Group S (p value <0.0001). There was no significant difference between the groups DF and DE in the time for first rescue analgesia (p value 0.75).
Conclusion: We conclude that dexamethasone used intravenously even in lower doses as 4mg along with supraclavicular brachial plexus block effectively increases the duration of analgesia and motor blockade, shortens the onset of sensory and motor blockade, reduces the total analgesic requirement in the first 24 hours after surgery.
The Prevalence and Mortality in COVID-19 Positive Patients with Hip Fracture: a Case-Series and Literature Review
Authors: Mirzaee Fateme , Ahmadinejad Bahareh , Jalali Alireza , Baradaran Amir Farahanchi
Published: July 2023

Background: The novel coronavirus has spread rapidly worldwide, with exceptionally high mortality in the elderly. Patients with hip fracture have an average age of 80 years, with an estimated 2.8 comorbidities per patient. This study aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hip fracture care services and the associated mortality rate.
Methods: PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant studies linked to mortality in COVID-19 patients who have undergone hip surgeries using the keywords “COVID-19” OR “SARS-cov-2” OR “Coronavirus Infections”; AND “Surgery” OR “Hip” OR “Fracture” OR “Orthopedics.” We included all patients with hip fractures but excluded pathological fractures and other non-traumatic hip pathologies 30 studies for the final review were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: 30 studies were included in the review. The overall mortality was 10.52%. There was a significant difference in the mortality rate between patients with positive and negative tests and between the operative patients who tested positive and the operative patients who tested negative.
Conclusions: COVID-19-infected elderly patients with hip fractures have a higher mortality rate than non-COVID-19 infected cases. Further studies are warranted to examine the morbidity and mortality rates in COVID-19-positive patients with hip fractures and investigate how these outcomes can be improved.
Compartment Syndrome Caused by a Hyperextension Position after Open Radical Cystectomy with Hautmann Ileal Neobladder Construction: A Rare Case of Rhabdomyolysis
Authors: Comte Virginie Georgia , Carvalho Pavao Fabio Henrique de , Bovard Emmanuelle , Laswad Tarek
Published: July 2023

Compartment syndrome (CS) is caused by an excessive increase in compartment intramuscular pressure, which measurement is the reference diagnostic tool. We examine the case of a 44yearold man with invasive bladder cancer who underwent an open radical cystectomy. After extubation, the patient is transferred from the operating room to the Intermediate Care Unit, where he complains of severe lumbar pain on a visual analog scale of 10 that is unresponsive to opioids and is diagnosed with rhabdomyolysis due to compartment syndrome. Multidisciplinary care and multimodal analgesia approaches were used; no fasciotomy was performed; and a favourable outcome was achieved.
Hoarseness of Voice Due to Ipsilateral Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy in Ultrasound Guided Right Sided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block: A Case Report
Authors: Deshpande Jyoti , Nimbhore Pooja
Published: July 2023

Supraclavicular brachial plexus block is well established regional anaesthesia technique for upper limb surgeries. USG guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block provides many advantages but is also associated with the rare complication of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, seen in 1.3% of cases. Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy is mostly documented in right sided supraclavicular blocks than left sided supraclavicular blocks. Here, we report a case of 28 years old male undergoing right upper arm surgery under supraclavicular block who developed hoarseness of voice due to ipsilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve involvement which was followed up properly and managed successfully.
Announcement of “The 7th International Conference on the New Horizons in Science and Agricultural Engineering (With Water, Soil and Air Approach)” Held in Iran
Authors: .
Published: July 2023

.
Microbial and Fungal Contamination of Different Dried Cocoyam Flakes during Storage
Authors: Okike O.O. , Daramola S.D. , Nwachukwu F.E. , Inana M.E. , Nwebor E. , Aneke C.C.
Published: July 2023

Background: Contamination of food by microorganisms from the processing to the consumption stage has become a major health concern in this era, where a better approach for the elongation of food shelf life is explored. This study aims to evaluate the microbial and fungal contamination of different dried cocoyam flakes during storage.
Methods: The cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta) samples were properly cooked, peeled, sliced into thin shapes, and dried to constant weights. The drying methods used were sun, hot-air oven, and Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute (NSPRI) multi-crop dryer; samples were divided into three groups A, B, and C, respectively, and the dried samples were stored for three months. Moisture Content (MC) was conducted using the standard method. Colonial morphology, Gram staining, and biochemical test were used to identify and characterize microorganisms. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 20.0.
Results: There was a significant increase in the MC of all the samples after the storage duration. The sun-dried sample had the highest MC (13.60%) while the oven-dried sample had the lowest MC (10.82%). The sun-dried samples had the highest viable bacteria count (7.2×105 Colony Forming Unit (CFU)/g) and the oven-dried sample had the lowest count (5.1×105 CFU/g). The four bacterial isolates identified were Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus luteus, and Staphylococcus aureus. The heterotrophic fungal number was the highest (0.5×103 CFU/g) regarding sun-dried samples, whereas the samples dried with NSPRI multi-crop dryer and oven-dried samples had the same value (0.3×103 CFU/g). Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Rhizopus, Penicillium, and Mucor were isolated from the samples. Rhyzopertha dominica was identified in sun-dried samples.
Conclusion: The increase of MC and the nature of the storage material may have contributed to high bacterial and fungal counts of stored dried cocoyam flakes, especially sun-dried ones, thereby exposing consumers to potential health risks.
Quality Characteristics of Camel Burger Formulated with Different Levels of Microalgae
Authors: Zaki E.F.
Published: July 2023

Background: Spirulina platensis (S. platensis) is a microalga. It has high levels of protein, essential amino acids, fatty acids, high concentrations of vitamins, and minerals. This study aims to evaluate the effect of adding S. platensis on the quality characteristics of camel burger.
Methods: Spirulina was added at different levels (0.5, 1, and 1.5%) to the formulation of camel burger and its effect was studied on fatty acids profile, amino acids content, lipid oxidation, physical, and microbiological quality during frozen storage at -20 ºC for 90 days. Data were analyzed using statistical analysis system (SAS, 2000).
Results: Significant changes (p<0.05) were found in fatty acids profile and amino acids content of formulated camel burger. The highest fat retention and moisture retention was found in camel burger formulated with Spirulina. PH value increased as the level of Spirulina increased. Fresh camel burger formulated with Spirulina significantly (p<0.05) reduced color parameters (L*, a*, and b*) more than that of the control burger. No significant differences (p>0.05) were found in cooking loss, shear force, and microbiological profile of fresh camel burger treatments.
Conclusion: Addition of different levels of Spirulina in the formulation of camel burger improved fatty acids and amino acids profile, increased water retention and fat retention, and delayed lipid oxidation during frozen storage, without any negative effects on shear force values, cooking loss, and microbiological quality.
EVENTFULNESS IN RUSSIAN NON-CANONICAL IDYLL
Authors: Kozlov Vladimir I. , Miroshnichenko Oksana S.
Published: July 2023

The article offers a solution to the problem of eventfulness, characteristic for the poetic idyll in Russian poetry of the XIX–XXI centuries. Due to a shift in emphasis in the perception of idyllic heritage, а number of scholars define this genre as “eventless”. In particular, it is the idyll in the non-canonical era that is used by a number of poets as a sign of a “consummate word”, which is usually disintegrated in genre struggle for the right to complete a lyrical whole. In this case poems, using idyllic topoi, as a rule, are completed according to the models of other lyrical genres, such as elegies, epistles, ballads. However, there is a creative strategy for employing idyll, in which the eventfulness characteristic of the genre turns out to be found as a result of genre struggle. In this case, an idyllic event of value fusion, the coincidence of poetic consciousness with the world, passing through the test of the plot of other lyrical genres, is found in the event of a lyrical utterance. The elimination of the boundary between the inner and outer worlds (which is predestined in the canonical idyll and found in the non- canonical one) can be considered as the stem of the genre that survived the canon, unlike other genre conventions that turned out to be optional. At the same time, the non-canonical version of the implementation of the idyllic perspective of the worldview is a short moment of peace, won from the non-idyllic world, which one wants to repeat. Reflection performs a destructive function in a collision with a predetermined “ready-made word” of the genre, but it turns out to be able to pronounce it anew as a proper word, exposing its eventfulness. It is the nakedness of the specific eventfulness of the idyll that becomes a distinctive feature of the genre in the non-canonical era.
Desempeño numérico de los niños de primer año de básica
Authors: Bojorque Gina , Heredia Julio
Published: July 2023

Las destrezas numéricas que poseen los niños en el kindergarten (primer año de básica en Ecuador) predicen altamente su desempeño escolar posterior, lo cual sugiere que evaluar estas destrezas a temprana edad es fundamental con miras a implementar programas de refuerzo que los ayude a mejorar su rendimiento académico a lo largo de la escolaridad. El objetivo del presente estudio fue examinar las destrezas numéricas de los niños de primer año de básica por medio del Test de Evaluación Matemática Temprana. Los participantes fueron 100 niños de primer año de básica de cuatro escuelas particulares de Cuenca. Los resultados indicaron que los niños presentan un nivel bueno de desempeño numérico y que el dominio de habilidades para establecer relaciones lógicas es superior al dominio de habilidades para contar. No se observaron diferencias de género en este desempeño. Adicionalmente, se encontró que existen diferencias significativas entre escuelas en el desarrollo de las destrezas numéricas de sus estudiantes. Las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas de este estudio son discutidas.
Actitudes docentes hacia la educación inclusiva en Cuenca
Authors: Clavijo Ruth , López Claudio , Cedillo Cristina , Mora Catalina , Ortiz William
Published: July 2023

La definición de educación inclusiva durante años ha sufrido importantes cambios, los cuales finalmente llevaron a visualizar que la educación es un derecho para todos. El presente estudio analizó actitudes de los profesores hacia la educación inclusiva en escuelas primarias públicas y privadas de la ciudad de Cuenca. La metodología fue de tipo transversal cuantitativa, utilizando una adaptación del cuestionario de Tárraga et al. (2013). Esta versión modificada fue aplicada para estudiar una población de 650 docentes, seleccionados en base al método probabilístico estratificado. Después de un análisis preliminar de la confiabilidad y dimensionalidad del cuestionario, la escala se redujo de veinte y cinco a quince ítems, y de cuatro a tres componentes. Los resultados revelaron que los profesores en general tienen una actitud indiferente tendiendo a favorable hacia la educación inclusiva. Se encontró que actitudes más positivas están asociadas a docentes jóvenes con pocos años de servicio. No se encontró una relación significativa entre actitud y sexo, pero se encontró una asociación con la capacitación, su nivel de educación y experiencia previa con niños de educación inclusiva y el apoyo institucional (público o privado). Sin embargo, los grupos de comparación fueron desiguales en tamaño, posiblemente los resultados no podrían ser generalizados.
Evaluación de la extracción de plomo y cadmio de vajilla cerámica vidriada
Authors: Flores Marittza E. , Idrovo Marcela M. , Flores Damián V.
Published: July 2023

Se evalúa si una sola extracción, mediante la aplicación de un método de ensayo normalizado que simula condiciones extremas de uso, permite determinar el contenido total de plomo y cadmio presente en piezas de vajilla cerámica que entran en contacto con los alimentos y su implicación en el resultado analítico. Se aplicó el método de ensayo varias veces sobre materiales de referencia de cerámica con diferentes concentraciones iniciales de plomo y el cadmio para cuantificar la liberación sucesiva de ambos metales. El lixiviado en cada aplicación se analizó por absorción atómica. Los resultados mostraron que una sola aplicación del método de ensayo no extrae todo el plomo y el cadmio en la vajilla cerámica. Se observaron liberaciones posteriores para todas las piezas de cerámica a prueba con diferente concentración inicial. Para cadmio se registraron las siguientes variaciones en las extracciones: 40 a 95% en la primera extracción, de 0 a 28% en la segunda, de 0.2 hasta 21% en la tercera, y de 1 a 40% en la cuarta. Para el plomo, se registraron los subsiguientes valores en los lixiviados entre el 50 y el 93% en la primera prueba, entre el 2 y el 24% en la segunda, entre el 2 y el 18% en la tercera y entre el 2 y el 17% en la cuarta extracción. Los resultados revelan que la cantidad total de plomo y cadmio liberado en una sola prueba estándar no reflejan el contenido total de plomo y cadmio que las piezas de cerámica liberan a largo plazo después de su uso.
La Casa de la Palabra
Authors: Crespo Fajardo José Luis
Published: July 2023

Esitorial
Percepción de los clientes sobre la calidad del servicio: un estudio empírico
Authors: Siavichay C Eduardo A. , Cárdenas C María F. , Asanza M. Damariz C. , Milton Francisco Barragán-Landy
Published: July 2023

Este estudio se enfoca en analizar la percepción que presentan los clientes, en un proceso de servicio brindado por una organización objeto de estudio. Considerando que una percepción positiva brinda mejores resultados y crea lealtad, convirtiéndose en una estrategia que genera una ventaja competitiva. Ser capaz de proporcionar un servicio de calidad no solo es la entrega del producto, sino toda la experiencia brindada desde las condiciones del establecimiento hasta la capacidad de atención de los empleados. Los restaurantes Ángelus de la franquicia Tutto Freddo fueron el objeto de estudio por la gran variedad y diversidad de su segmento de mercado. Se aplicó el método SERVQUAL con un proceso de validación de atributos y se analizó la calidad del servicio con la aplicación de encuestas validadas a una muestra representativa. El caso expone un análisis a diez atributos, tres de ellos presentaron un margen de brechas considerable, como la rapidez en el servicio, comunicación y proporción producto/precio; las actividades de mejora deben imponer un mayor enfoque en estos atributos para una mejor valoración del cliente.
Pizarras digitales y realidad virtual para el aprendizaje de dibujo en Arquitectura
Authors: González Roldán Claudia Salomé , Valarezo-Jaramillo Sandra , Alvarado-Rodríguez Lorena
Published: July 2023

En el contexto de la pandemia por Covid-19, la enseñanza universitaria asumió retos vinculados con el compromiso del alumnado en su formación y la mejora de las técnicas docentes a través de recursos tecnológicos. Este escrito presenta la experiencia de la aplicación de la realidad virtual y pizarras digitales en el aprendizaje de dibujo en Arquitectura, enfocado en el trabajo colaborativo que combinó la práctica virtual del diseño con la visualización e ideación de objetos. La metodología se basó en tres fases que articularon actividades teóricas, prácticas y de aprendizaje colaborativo. Los resultados refirieron a la percepción estudiantil respecto a la aplicación de herramientas digitales en su aprendizaje, así como la perspectiva docente frente a la experiencia, tanto académica como experiencial. La práctica evidenció las ventajas de utilizar recursos digitales que facilitaron procesos de retroalimentación oportuna y coevaluación, cumpliendo los objetivos y fortaleciendo las competencias de aprendizaje.
Aproximación al aprendizaje artístico-visual y digital en la educación superior
Authors: González Zamar Mariana Daniela , Abad-Segura Emilio
Published: July 2023

Los avances tecnológicos han supuesto un desafío en los ecosistemas de aprendizaje universitarios en cuanto a la aplicación de tecnologías visuales que ofrezcan un marco didáctico e innovador al estudiante. El aprendizaje artístico-visual constituye una herramienta en el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas y profesionales en el alumnado, que resulta ser un proceso complejo y multifacético que exige la actualización constante de sus actores. El objetivo del estudio es examinar la investigación global sobre el aprendizaje artístico-visual en la educación superior, desde 2000 a 2022. Se han aplicado técnicas estadísticas y matemáticas a 1,281 artículos, obteniendo resultados de la productividad científica de las revistas, autores, instituciones y países que contribuyen en el desarrollo de la investigación. Este estudio contribuye a la discusión académica, científica e institucional para mejorar la toma de decisiones con base en la información disponible.
Uso de gliricídia (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud) em sistema alley cropping na produção de macaxeira (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
Authors: Pimentel Neisiany Rebelo , Pauletto Daniela , Duarte Hellem Marinês Andrade , Silva Adrielle Fernandes da , Araújo Anselmo Junior Correa
Published: July 2023

Objetivou-se verificar a influência do uso da gliricídia (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud) em sistema alley cropping na produção de macaxeira (Manihot esculenta Crantz) em unidade experimental em Santarém, Pará. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 2 tratamentos, distribuídos em 4 repetições. Após 8 meses de plantio, foi realizada a colheita da macaxeira, quantificando-se o número de plantas vivas, o número de raízes por planta e o peso de raízes por parcela.  Os resultados denotam que a produtividade de macaxeira com gliricídia foi de 2,3 t/ha, enquanto na testemunha foi de 1,2 t/ha, nas condições expostas neste experimento. A produção de raízes apresentou o melhor resultado da cultura da macaxeira sob a adubação verde com gliricídia, mesmo não apresentando diferença estatística entre tratamentos. Portanto, visando maior abrangência dos dados, sugere-se o redimensionamento da amostragem para as futuras avaliações.
Applicability of natural geological objects for storage, disposal and utilization of carbon dioxide (review)
Authors: Korzun Anna V. , Stoupakova Antonina V. , Kharitonova Natalia A. , Pronina Natalia V. , Makarova Elena Yu. , Vaytekhovich Anastasia Р. , Osipov Konstantin O. , Lopatin Alexey Yu. , Aseeva Anna V. , Karpushin Mikhail Yu. , Sautkin Roman S. , Peregudov Yury D. , Bolshakova Maria A. , Sitar Ksenia A. , Redkin Alexandr S.
Published: July 2023

In the context of the current trend, today we are focused on low-carbon energy, so the question of carbon dioxide utilization is very important. Underground storage of carbon dioxide is an important part of carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects and a key technology to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. There are currently many carbon dioxide capture projects around the world, but each project has its own specifics. The article discusses the features of carbon dioxide capture in natural geological reservoirs and the principles of carbon dioxide retention in them. An example of some Carbon Capture in a natural geological reservoirs projects are given. The choice of a natural reservoir, the development of a technology for its identification and justification criteria are of key importance for the environmentally sustainable capture of carbon dioxide.
Creation of new logistics for the export of arctic mineral resources as a condition for their sustainable development
Authors: Grigoryev Mikhail N.
Published: July 2023

An overview of possible transformations of logistic schemes for the export of mineral raw materials mined in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is presented. The existing system of transportation of mineral raw materials by sea, rail, inland water, road and air transport is considered. The description of mineral resource centers forming the cargo base of the Arctic transport system is given; their typification by types of transport for the export of products is given. A change in logistics schemes in connection with access to new markets in the changed geopolitical conditions was considered. The need for changes does not apply to rail, inland water, road and aviation transport, which provide mainly domestic transportation. Major changes affect pipeline and maritime transport. It was concluded that it is necessary to create liquefied natural gas production facilities at the exit points to the coast of the poorly devoured seas of main gas pipelines in order to monetize pipeline gas and expand the throughput capacity of main oil pipelines suitable for port oil loading terminals of the Baltic and Black Seas. The conditions for delivery to Asian oil export markets by sea have deteriorated due to the increase in the duration of circular flights and the cost of tanker freight. In addition, the possibility of an increase in the cargo traffic of the oil export to the Asian market in the Northern Sea Route was questioned due to the lack of a high deadweight cargo fleet and the required Arctic ice classes. The proposal on the need to revise strategic planning documents adopted in other political and economic conditions based on the current realities is justified.
Assessment of the hydrocarbon potential of the Crimean peninsula: state and prospects
Authors: Samsonov Roman O. , Karpushin Mikhail Yu. , Krylov Oleg V. , Suslova Anna A. , Kolesnikova Tatiana O. , Stafeev Aleksandr N. , Sautkin Roman S. , Krasnova Elizaveta A. , Shitova Yana A.
Published: July 2023

The active development of the Crimean region requires the provision of an independent energy system.Currently, there are 36 hydrocarbon fields in Crimea: 12 with natural gas, 9 with oil, 4 with oil and gas, 2 with oil and gascondensate and 9 gascondensate fields (according to www.mygeomap.ru portal by February 10, 2023). Despite the fact that the vast majority of fields are small and some of them werealready under the development it is necessary to consider their potential and production possibility at least for selling products on the domestic market within Crimea peninsula.In the second half of the last century, extensive exploration work was almost completely stopped because small deposits in the drilled structures have been found. Most of the traps of the Mezocenozoic section are complicated bythe faults.The possibility of discovering unexplored yet hydrocarbon resources especially in the lower stratigraphic complexes can be solved due to modern technologies distribution in the area. The contribution of deeper Permian-Triassic and Jurassic complexesto of modern hydrocarbon accumulations formation is poore evaluated and need to be analyzed in more details. Proper setting of geological exploration tasks and conducting modern regional and local seismic surveys will significantly increase the possibility of discovering new hydrocarbon deposits.
Levels of Awareness of Procedural Sedation and Analgesia among Non-anaesthesiologists at an Academic Hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Ben-Israel Karin-Ann , Scribante Juan , Perrie Helen
Published: July 2023

Background: Procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) is performed by a group of non-anaesthesiologists in numerous hospital settings. Currently, there is no literature describing sedation practices among non-anaesthesiologists in South Africa despite its wide use.

Aim: To describe the profile of non-anaesthesiologist PSA providers at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH), their awareness of the South African Society of Anaesthesiologists (SASA) Sedation Guidelines 2010 and their level of comfort when performing PSA.

Methods: A questionnaire was used to assess the demographic profile of non-anaesthesiologists providing sedation at an academic hospital in Johannesburg, their awareness of the SASA Sedation Guidelines 2010 and their level of comfort when performing sedation were assessed.

Results: A total of 159 questionnaires were received from the departments of general surgery and trauma, radiology, emergency medicine, orthopaedics and internal medicine. The overall levels of awareness of sedation guidelines among non-anaesthesiologists are poor. The mean score (standard deviation) for correctly answered questions was 19.55 (4.75) of 31 questions. Junior doctors scored higher than consultants (p = 0.008) but were more likely to feel uncomfortable administering sedation (p = 0.031). A significant relationship between pharmacology knowledge and levels of comfort was also revealed (p = 0.014). Levels of comfort were higher among consultants despite achieving lower knowledge scores.

Conclusion: The levels of awareness of PSA among non-anaesthesiologists are lacking. While guideline knowledge was substantially better than pharmacology knowledge, an opportunity to address these deficiencies exists in the form of PSA specific training.
Porphyric neuropathy in black South Africans: a case series
Authors: Koufos A. , Modi G.
Published: July 2023

Porphyria is a rare disorder that results from mutations in the genes important in haem biosynthesis. Several types are described. Acute attacks lead to central, autonomic and peripheral nervous system manifestations. These acute attacks typically occur in acute intermittent porphyria, and less so in variegate porphyria.

The neuropathy in this condition can mimic Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), and is often misdiagnosed and incorrectly treated. It is rare in general, but considered to be extremely uncommon in the black African population.

We describe five black South African patients, three of whom were diagnosed with variegate porphyria, with the presenting manifestation of a severe neuropathy. The neuropathy was atypical in nature and variable in presentation and highlight the importance of considering porphyria in such patients.
Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Fungi against Fall Armyworm (FAW) in Laboratory Conditions
Authors:   Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan, Safder Arfa
Published: July 2023

Fall armyworm (FAW) is most dangerous pest of maize crops and distributed widely in various countries of the world especially tropical and subtropical regions, resulting threat to food security. The efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana were checked against 2nd instar larvae of FAW under controlled conditions. The results showed that among tested entomopathogenic fungi, B. bassiana was found more toxic than M. anisopliae. B. bassiana caused highest larval mortality than M. anisopliae. In the current study, B. bassiana and M. anisopliae caused 68.89% and 53.85% larval mortality, respectively. M. anisopliae and B. bassiana demonstrated LT50 values of 80.54 h and 83.32 h, respectively. Additionally, the LC50 values for M. anisopliae and B. bassiana were determined to be 1.4×107 and 1.5×107 spores/ml, respectively. Entomopathogenic fungi can give effective control against pest and further studies are needed to check the efficacy against older instars under field and laboratory conditions.
Vetas de futuro : educación y cultura en las minas del Perú
Authors: Sulmont Denis , Valcárcel C. Marcel
Published: July 2023

Los autores de Vetas de Futuro nos presentan el resultado de una amplia investigación llevada a cabo en distintos asentamientos mineros sobre la manera cómo los actores sociales involucrados en la actividad minera -empresas, trabajadores con sus familias y sindicatos y los integrantes del sistema escolar, intervienen en el desarrollo de oportunidades educativas. Enfocando el proceso educativo en forma integral, el estudio abarca la formación laboral proporcionada por las empresas, las escuelas y colegios fiscalizados, la educación de adultos y la capacitación sindical; toma en cuenta el origen social de las poblaciones mineras, sus condiciones de trabajo y vida, sus anhelos, iniciativas y luchas; aborda el rol de los medios de comunicación, especialmente la televisión, y las diferentes manifestaciones culturales de la vida en campamentos y ciudades minero-metalúrgicas. Hoy en día, cuando las políticas gubernamentales apuntan a redefinir las responsabilidades educativas entre la sociedad y el Estado, la lectura de Vetas de Futuro contribuye a entender la dinámica educativa de una parte del Perú profundo.
¿Formando maestros discriminadores?
Authors: Sara-Lafosse Violeta , Cordano Gallegos Diana Lourdes , Gentges Irmgard
Published: July 2023

En esta investigación se ha privilegiado el análisis de cuatro discriminaciones: racial, cultural, sexual y laboral. También se caracteriza a los alumnos y profesores, así como a los Centros de Formación Magisterial a fin de precisar cuales de sus características estaban asociadas con algunas de las discriminaciones. Entre los resultados obtenidos se encuentra que el racismo es la discriminación más extendida.
Construyendo una agenda social
Authors: Henríquez Ayin Narda
Published: July 2023

Construyendo una Agenda Social es una invitación a participar junto a los autores de este libro en la tarea inacabada y siempre actual de preocuparnos por nosotros. El tiempo del verbo nos dice que se trata de una acción en curso, que se ha iniciado antes, que continuará más allá de los análisis que se comparten en este libro y que va más allá de los autores. Es una tarea para todos los peruanos que se sientan involucrados en construir el país como un lugar donde vivamos todos juntos, tomando en cuenta nuestras diferencias. Es una agenda social, porque pone sobre la mesa los problemas del día, del presente, para ser enfrentados con urgencia.
Los machiguengas aprenden a leer : breve historia de la educación bilingüe y el desarrollo comunal entre los machiguengas del Bajo Urubamba
Authors: Davis Patricia M.
Published: July 2023

En este libro se detalla la evolución de la educación bilingüe y el desarrollo comunal entre los machiguengas del Bajo Urubamba durante los años 1946- 1992. Decenas de los participantes-observadores originales nos permitieron incluir sus experiencias para que este relato sea lo más realista y exacto posible. Lo ofrecemos como tributo a los machiguengas y como fuente de documentación para ese pueblo que merece tener en forma escrita la historia de los eventos de los cuales ellos han sido los actores principales.