bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perancangan Ulang Tata Letak Fasilitas Laboratorium Pabrik Gula Dengan Metode Computerized Relationship Layout Planning(CORELAP) (Studi Kasus PT Kebun Tebu Mas)
Authors: Imam Putra Utama  , Andhika Mayasari  , Sulung Rahmawan Wira Ghani  , Minto
Published: October 2022

PT Kebun Tebu Mas is a manufacturing company that produces white crystal sugar for the community, and refined sugar for industrial needs. In the sugar manufacturing industry, it is necessary to design the layout of the facility, especially in the laboratory section, it aims to make the work more effective and create an efficient transfer distance of the analysis process, with the hope that quality control can be carried out optimally. The obstacle faced by the laboratory of PT Kebun Tebu Mas is the layout design of the facilities which is not neatly arranged. The purpose of this research is to design an improved layout using the CORELAP method. The laboratory of PT Kebun Tebu Mas has 16 main facilities to analyze 13 core parameters, in quality control. The research was conducted using the CORELAP construction method, where qualitative data will be converted to quantitative data, as a basis and description for designing the layout of the facility. The results of this study are able to minimize the distance of 84 meters, so that the analysis process becomes more effective, where the displacement distance in the initial layout is 206.5 meters while the displacement distance in the improved layout is 122.5 meters, so that distance efficiency is 40.7% and time efficiency is 55. ,24%.
PEMILIHAN METODE MATERIAL REQUIREMENT PLANNING PADA PERENCANAAN KEBUTUHAN BAHAN BAKU PROSES PRODUKSI DOMPET
Authors: Muchammad Bagas Efendi  , Andhika Mayasari  , Minto
Published: October 2022

Abstract

 

The production process is the core of a manufacturing company's activities. Andi Jaya Group is a home industry engaged in the manufacture of wallets. Having the right amount and time to get raw materials aims to support the smooth production process and avoid shortages and excess of raw materials that can have an impact on costs incurred. The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of raw material each time production so that effectiveness can be achieved using the MRP method of Lot For Lot Technique and Economic Order Quantity and knowing the amount of production scheduling for each period and knowing the total cost of raw material inventory production using the MRP method. Forecasting is an estimate of the level of demand for product needs over the next several periods using the linear regression method, moving average (MA), exponential smoothing to find out the estimated product demand. Material requirements planning is a method to determine the production process planning and raw material requirements in each component and determine the lead time for orders. From the analysis of data management carried out by the forecasting method, 50912 units were selected for the next 12 periods. The need for raw materials according to the MRP method The lot for lot (LFL) technique is the raw material for butega, lavender and 0.3 mm mica because the raw materials are always available and the total price of the wallet product is Rp. 18. 600,000. while the raw materials that use the EOQ calculation are zippers and sewing thread because they often run out of stock/delays in raw materials and the total price of the product for 12 periods of the wallet is Rp. 176,280,359
Student Entrepreneurship Cluster as The Implementation Response of University Entrepreneurship Program (A Case Study of Engineering Faculty Students of Unhasy Tebuireng)
Authors: Sulung Rahmawan Wira Ghani  , Meriana Wahyu Nugroho
Published: October 2022

Abstract

This research was carried out to identify the characteristics of entrepreneurship carried out by students of the engineering faculty of Unhasy. The elements of cluster grouping are based on the entrepreneurial activities before becoming a student of the engineering faculty. This is to identify whether the activities have changed or not in terms of continued entrepreneurship after becoming a student at Unhasy. The processing of the data obtained shows that the program Entrepreneurship in the engineering faculty is identified based on: the alignment of the entrepreneurship program of Unhasy with implementation, the implementation of entrepreneurial practices, the entrepreneurship infrastructure that they have and want, the way to learn entrepreneurship, and the response to implementation of the Unhasy entrepreneurship program. From these variables, it shows in general that students of Unhasy's engineering faculty has been running entrepreneurship and survived until now at around 39%.
PENGURANGAN BULLWHIP EFFECT DALAM RANTAI PASOK DENGAN METODE COLLABORATIVE PLANNING, FORECASTING AND REPLENISHMENT (CPFR
Authors: Atika Ayu Derari  , Andhika Mayasari  , Nur Muflihah  , Sumarsono
Published: October 2022

Abstract

The supply chain is a network system of several interconnected organizations with the same goal of distributing production goods and services to their customers. PT. Samudera Gemilang Plastindo (PT SGP) is a company engaged in the processing of plastic seeds, one of the products produced is HDPE T-Shirt Bag. The supply chain system studied at PT. SGP consists of a Manufacturing (Vendor) and 3 Sales Offices (SIM Jember, Depo Bali and 3S Bogor) because they often experience inaccuracies in forecasting data which causes the Bullwhip Effect phenomenon or information distortion to meet customer needs. Initially, forecasting was carried out at each level of the supply chain using different forecasting methods and inventory planning was carried out separately and not coordinated with each other. Therefore, we need an equation in choosing a forecasting method to synchronize the forecasting results and the implementation of production in each supply chain actor. This study uses the Collaborative Planning and Replenishment (CPFR) method, which is a method that combines production planning, forecasting and inventory control. The results of testing several forecasting methods, the method chosen is the Winter's Method because it has the smallest error value. Inventory control is done by calculating the optimal lot, namely Economic Order Quantity (EOQ). The results of demand forecasting and determining the optimal lot are used to calculate the value of the Bullwhip Effect that occurs after the use of the CPFR approach in the supply chain at the vendor level (PT SGP) has changed from 1.285 to 0.729, while in the three Sales Offices there has been a change from 1.321 to 0.528 in SIM Jember sales office, 1.266 to 0.602 at Bali Depo sales office, 1.377 to 0.412 at 3S Bogor sales office.
Combining Earth remote sensing data obtained from various sensors and creating a POSTGRE database
Authors: Malyavina N. K.
Published: October 2022

The problem of the branch of geodesy and cartography is to provide the state with accurate and visual information about the space, the relative position of objects, phenomena and the dynamics of changes in the earth's surface. JSC "Roskaartografiya" presents digital solutions combining geospatial data that allow the implementation of infrastructure projects for mobility security, monitoring, design and development of territories, as well as improving the regulatory and legal framework for solving the strategic tasks of the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation.
Emission factors and air pollution impact for domestic ovens
Authors: Mikhailuta S. V. , Lezhenin A. A.
Published: October 2022

In this paper the trace elements composition data for coal samples from the Borodino and Balakhtinskoe coal deposits of the Krasnoyarsk Territory was giving by results of laboratory chimichal studies. During coal combustion in typical domestic oven 45 trace elements and their emission factors were taken. The obtained results are correlated with the emission characteristics of the Krasnoyarsk Power Plant. It is shown that the variability of the spectrum formed during the combustion of coal, pollutants, trace elements and their compounds is wide and should be taken into account in the regulation, control and supervision of industrial emissions from thermal power plants.
On the influence of deep seismicity on the preparation of large earthquakes in the South-Asian region
Authors: Mikheeva A. V. , Kalinnikov I. I.
Published: October 2022

The change dynamics in the creepex parameter over time and its comparison with changes in other earthquake parameters (magnitude and depth) is used to test the thesis about the influence on strong crustal events from deep processes associated with the transformation and movement of matter in the upper mantle using the example of the seismicity of the South-Asian region.
Investigation of the state of hydrographic objects in the area of oil production according to remote sensing of the Earth
Authors: Tkach A. V. , Gordienko A. S.
Published: October 2022

Currently, there are thousands of spills of petroleum products and their components, which have different concentrations of harmful substances, therefore, one of the most important environmental problems is the pollution of hydrographic facilities. The main source of pollution of water areas are accidental oil spills that occur during the extraction and transportation of petroleum products. They are a significant threat to water pollution and the reduction of species of marine life. This problem determines the relevance in the study of the state of hydrographic objects in the area of oil production according to remote sensing of the Earth. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to identify the state of the Usa and Kolva rivers using PlanetScope space images taken at different times. The object of the study is the Usa River and its tributary Kolva, the state of which, as studies show, is very critical.
Calcium humate as an indicator of cation exchange capacity and environmental sustainability of soil humic system
Authors: Klenov B. M. , Yakutin M. V.
Published: October 2022

It has been shown that not all organic compounds in a multicomponent humic system determine its cation-exchange capacity and environmental stability. This active part of the soil in the form of humic acids makes up 30% of the total soil organic carbon in podzols and more than 50% in chernozems. Among the studied humic acids, their compounds with alkaline earth elements are of considerable interest. It was shown that in all soils of the transect, except for podzols, these compounds are predominant. In addition, they can serve not only as a reliable index of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the organic part of the soil, but also the environmental sustainability (ES) of the entire humic system. Based on the considered data of Ca and Mg humates, it is proposed to classify indices of ecological sustainability of humic systems.
Creation of a database of geospatial data of territories affected by oil and gas facilities
Authors: Kulik E. N. , Bayshuakov A. T. , Baykin D. A.
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the geospatial database formation and its integration into a geoinformation expert system for use in a comprehensive assessment of the environmental risk of territories. Geoinformation mapping methods are used to create thematic layers of oil & gas complex objects. The structure of the database has been developed and has been completed: thematic layers of pipelines, oil & gas complex facilities, administrative boundaries of the Russian Federation entities (federal, regional, municipal levels), infrastructure elements (road and railway networks), geographic objects (hydrography, relief and landscape-geochemical areas) have been formed. To implement the methodology for assessing environmental risk, taking into account landscape features, the need to use special data is justified. This concerns the formation of the structure of the geospatial database of special territories that are affected by the oil & gas objects.
The perspective of studying municipal water bodies in the city of Novosibirsk
Authors: Radchenko T. E. , Baranova E. I. , Sidorova M. Y.
Published: October 2022

At the moment, water bodies in cities, especially large ones, perform a somewhat ecological, as much as an aesthetic function. They influence the scale and specifics of the development, push for the creation of recreational areas. These are the most important and integral parts of urban space. Municipal water bodies are one of the elements of a complex, relatively new structure of the city - a water-green framework. These objects, due to their specificity, need protection from anthropogenic impact more than others. There are 58 municipal water bodies on the balance sheet of the city of Novosibirsk as of 2022. Watered quarries, ponds, rivers, lakes, as well as green areas are united into a single whole - the water-green framework of the city of Novosibirsk. The concept of a water-green framework lies in reducing the anthropogenic load on the environment, as well as increasing the self-cleaning ability of the city's water bodies.
Analysis of agricultural land in the Novosibirsk region on the basis of a risk-oriented approach
Authors: Torn А.
Published: October 2022

The article reveals the key aspects of risk-oriented approach in the planning of control and auditing activities by state authorities on the use of agricultural land. Based on the ranking of land plots by cadastral value, the classification of districts of the Novosibirsk region by means of geoinformation technologies was carried out. According to the introduced risk categories, areas with medium, moderate and low categories were singled out. The obtained results will allow reducing the total number of inspections, while controlling those where violation of the land legislation is most likely to occur.
Geospatial modeling for urban environmental assessment
Authors: Trubina L. K. , Golovina L. A.
Published: October 2022

Modern technologies contribute to the development of methods for analyzing and visualizing spatial information about the state of the environment, which expand the possibilities of urban environmental diagnostics. The article discusses some aspects of the use of geoinformation technologies, including 3D modeling in urban diagnostics. The main stages of a comprehensive analysis of the urban area for the purposes of urban ecodiagnostics are given. It is noted that geospatial modeling makes it possible to identify the main patterns of the processes of the spread of pollution throughout the city, which in turn can be used to plan its development in order to improve the comfort of the urban environment.
The use of scots pine as a bioindicator of the state of the atmosphere in Iskitim
Authors: Tunaeva A. A. , Garnii V. E. , Yakutin M. V.
Published: October 2022

The study showed that the degree of air pollution, even in a city with "high" pollution, directly depends on the presence of a significant number of woody plants. Green spaces of a park nature reduce the level of pollution. In this study, it was possible to demonstrate that phyto-indication methods, even in a very simple form that does not require special tools and trained personnel, can be successfully used as monitoring indicators of air quality in urban conditions. To simplify the accounting work, it is proposed to calculate separately the degree of damage to the surface and the degree of drying of the needles of the common pine.
Assessment of the Tourism Carrying Capacity of Ecopaths In Protected Areas
Authors: Chaves D. O. , Nikolaeva О. N.
Published: October 2022

The article deals with organization of ecological tourism - one of the topical types of domestic tourism in modern Russia. Features of the organization of tourism in protected areas open to the public (national and natural parks) are considered. The role of ecological paths (ecopaths) as the main means of tourists’ exploration of protected areas is emphasized. A necessity of preliminary assessment of the Tourism Carrying Capacity (TCC) of ecopaths of protected areas is stated, since they experience a higher level of anthropogenic stress than the other territory. The absence of a conventional method for such an assessment, and a wide variety of author's methods, is noted. The methodological apparatus for assessing the TCC of ecopaths, proposed by the scientist M. Cifuentos (Costa Rica), is considered in detail. Despite the fact that this methodology was developed in a Latin America, its main postulates are based on taking into account the geographical and infrastructural features of protected areas that are typical for such objects worldwide, so it can also be used to assess Russia's ecopaths. The main stages of assessing the geographical, climatic and infrastructural characteristics of ecopaths, formulas and an example of calculation are presented. Conclusions are made about the need to use GIS for a wider study of the structure of the territory occupied by ecotrails.
Assessment histopathological changes in lung laboratory animals under conditions of pentanatrium salt contamination with liquid aerosol
Authors: Ogudov A. S. , Chuenko N. F. , Shestakov N. A. , Bolshakov V. S. , Kreimer M. A.
Published: October 2022

For the production of polyacrylamides, pentasodium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid is used as a polymerization initiator. At this stage, conditions are created for the contamination of the air substance of the working area with a liquid aerosol. The pentasodium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid has a chelating ability to bind to trace elements, in particular zinc, which plays an important role in the proliferation of human cells. Zinc homeostasis is required for many aspects of the immune system and is required for an infectious response. According to the literature, the hygienic standards for the content of pentasodium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid in the air of the working area have not yet been established. Objective of the study: to evaluate the irritant effect on lung tissue under conditions of liquid aerosol contamination of pentasodium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid. The results of inhalation inoculations confirm that as the level of exposure to pentasodium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid increases, the risk of damage to the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract increases. The chelating ability of a substance and its accumulation in the human body can lead to a decrease in the bioavailability of trace elements, in particular, to zinc.
Mapping of electromagnetic fields of industrial frequency in case of urban area
Authors: Shirokov V. M. , Sturman V. I. , Loginovskaya A. N.
Published: October 2022

Repeated detailed mapping of values of electric field strength and magnetic induction on 2 streets in the historic center of St. Petersburg is executed. Measurements were carried out according to the existing methodical requirements and taking into account time of peak loadings of the power supply network. The individual binding of points of measurements naturally increases detail of the final map. Excesses of hygienic standards are not revealed, but the values of magnetic induction exceeding approximate safe levels according to results of foreign researches are widespread. The influence of concrete local sources of electromagnetic fields, such as signs, objects of ventilation, lighting, electrical wiring found reflection is presented by maps. The non-standard sources of electromagnetic fields in the form of large metal designs fixed to facades of buildings and subject to electrization are revealed. Growth of values of electric field strength and magnetic induction from the warm period to cold is noted.
Methods of joint processing of complex radar interferograms and multispectral optical images under temporal decorrelation
Authors: Guliyev A. Sh. , Khlebnikova T. A.
Published: October 2022

This article substantiates the relevance of the study, the characteristics of the joint use of optical multispectral survey, radar interferometry and partial polarimetry, identifies the scope of interpretation of the radar-optical composite built by optical and radar data, and provides a mathematical model for image processing of the water surface area. The quantitative assessment of these automated or semi-automated methods is not inferior to the accuracy of traditional methods for assessing the state of the offshore marine environment. It was shown that the most efficient approach is the direct use of the ResNet-10 deep learning algorithm on scenes when combined with complex (amplitude and phase) centimeter-range radar images and multispectral optical images of Sentinel platforms. This approach made it possible to detect 86.72% of all spots in the scenes and had an average accuracy of 75.35%. The approach has also showed a significantly reduced ability to detect patches when the local wind speed was below 2 m/s or above 12 m/s.
The Land Surface Temperature Dynamics of the Novosibirsk Region from Remote Sensing Data in XXI Century
Authors: Voronina P. V.
Published: October 2022

The results of the study of the land surface temperature regime of the Novosibirsk region in the 21st century based on remote sensing data are presented. The analysis of space-time series of surface temperatures obtained after processing satellite images for various time intervals was carried out.
Technological Solutions Used of the Development Segment of the Flood Monitoring Information System in the Volga River Basin
Authors: Deryugina V. V. , Vasilenko E. V. , Krovotintsev V. A. , Kukharsky A. V.
Published: October 2022

A satellite segment of the flood monitoring and forecasting information system in the Volga River basin (GIS Volga) has been developed at the Federal State Budget Institution «Scientific-research center for space hydrometeorology «Planeta». The satellite segment contains web services of high and medium spatial resolution data of Russian and foreign spacecraft of the Canopus-B series, Meteor M series, Sentinel-1 series, Sentinel-2 series, EOS, SUOMI NPP and NOAA-20 series, as well as satellite information products (relative soil moisture, daily precipitation, snow cover, etc.). User gets quick access in near real-time mode to all types of satellite, ground-based, predictive information in the GIS Volga information system to make timely decisions to reduce the consequences of floods.
ImgOpinion Desktop Application that Solve the Criminalistic Tasks
Authors: Palchikova I. G. , Smirnov E. S. , Budaeva I. A.
Published: October 2022

The article describes the functional features of the desktop application "ImgOpinion" to extract information from a target by processing its graphic image obtained by photo means in digital form. The desktop application implements its capabilities in several scenarios due to computer vision methods, allowing for processing full-size images of 10 - 15 megapixels and outputting the processed values in *.txt and *.png formats, e.g. The gunshot traces certificate contains the necessary and relevant parameters for forensic investigators of the target object, including the parameters of the gunshot traces found on its surface. The ImgOpinion application allows the forensic expert to identify gunshot residue on a target, calculate the dimensions and the colourimetric data from digital images of the one. The application makes it possible to estimate the amount of soot on the surface of a target from a gunshot, as well as its distribution over the surface, which traditional forensic methods reveal by destroying the target.
Pathogenic microorganisms of aerosols isolated by airborne atmospheric sounding over the seas of the Russian Arctic
Authors: Andreeva I. S. , Safatov A. S. , Puchkova L. I. , Ohlopkova O. V. , Rebus M. E. , Buryak G. A.
Published: October 2022

The concentration and diversity of cultivated bacteria and fungi isolated from samples of atmospheric aerosols taken during airborne sounding of the atmosphere at altitudes from 200 to 10,000 m above the seas of the Russian sector of the Arctic: the Barents Sea, the Kara Sea, the Laptev Sea, the East Siberian Sea, the Chukchi Sea, and the Bering Sea. Most of the samples analyzed showed the presence of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria and fungi that can cause infectious and allergic diseases.
Synthesis of a mathematical model of the transformation core for processing vibroseismic data by reverse filtering
Authors: Efimov S. A.
Published: October 2022

The vibroseismic method of studying the bowels of the earth is widely used to study the structural features of the bowels. The effectiveness of the method is due to the presence of controlled sources of seismic waves. In this case, the sources of seismic waves form a seismic signal, the parameters of which are determined and set by the researcher during the planning of the experiment. Frequency-modulated seismic signals - sweep signals - have become the most popular in field seismology. A special case of these signals are monochromatic signals. During the experiment, the seismic signal generated by the source is recorded by a seismic receiver. Thus, the researcher receives the initial seismic record - a seismogram. Processing of a seismogram, as an element of vibroseismic data, assumes the presence of information about the parameters of the seismic signal of the source. Based on this signal, a conversion core is formed for processing the seismogram. As a result of the operation of convolution of the seismogram with the core of the transformation, a vibrogram is formed. If it is necessary to increase the contrast (resolution) of the vibrogram, an additional filtering function is introduced into the conversion core, which performs the reverse filtering procedure. The purpose of this study is to form a filtering function and a mathematical model of the transformation core, which allows to increase the contrast of the vibrogram. The structurality and simplicity of the analytical expressions of the filtering function and the mathematical model of the transformation kernel is achieved by representing the function and model in operator form by means of the Laplace transform. The result of the study is analytical expressions in the operator form of the filtering function and a mathematical model of the transformation core to increase the contrast of vibrograms.
The Impact of Global Climate Change on Environmental Migration in the Asia Pacific Region
Authors: Madyar Dewi Untari Narulita
Published: October 2022

Climate migration is an issue that has re-emerged along with the increasing threat of natural disasters and climate change. The complexity of international migration issues today is not only related to demographic factors, conflict, war, and economic factors. However, the implications of global climate change can become push and pull factors on the migration process. This study aims to find out the correlation between international migration issues and climate change that occurs in the Asia Pacific region. The theoretical frameworks used are the theory of international migration (Everett S. Lee) and the conceptual 'environmental migration' (Graeme Hugo). The research method used is qualitative research by prioritizing data collection based on literature studies and internet-based research. The results of this study show that there is a high risk due to climate change that must be faced by countries in the Asia Pacific region and the driving factors of migrating people in the Asia Pacific region are interpreted as mitigation measures from the threat of natural disasters.
Indonesia In Cop 26: Over Ambition On National Determined Contribution
Authors: Fauzan Alamari Muhammad
Published: October 2022

Climate change has been the world hottest issue since the fall of cold war. Where the world states once again gather to find solution regarding this circumstance. From first COP until the latest 26thCOP. The world yet to find best solution to cope with this issue, either it was the ideas or the commitment to solve it. Indonesia is one of the parties that involve in COP but yet to give the best possible efforts join the world force to commit to the same agreement that was signed together. Indonesia gave the same ambition on paper but not in the implementations. The presence of fossils energy such as coal as the biggest share in Indonesia export and domestic consumption made it dilemmatic for Indonesia to commit in COP.
Green Marketing And Climate Change: The Case Of Starbucks Indonesia
Authors: Ali Maksum Fauzil Azmi,
Published: October 2022

This journal examines the contribution of the Starbucks company to environmentally friendly issues that have an impact on climate change, especially Starbucks Indonesia. This journal aims to describe and analyze why and to what extent Starbucks Indonesia contributes to environmentally friendly issues. As we all know, climate change is a big challenge for Indonesia and the world. Starting from temperature changes, changes in rainfall patterns, drought and lack of clean water, extreme weather changes, to rising sea levels, climate change occurs due to increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrogen oxides (N2O). To complete the data, this research will be enriched with primary data in the form of interviews and field observations at a Starbucks Indonesia company and use library research data collection techniques by utilizing secondary data collected from libraries, books, journals, articles, print media, electronic media, and websites. The descriptive-analytical approach was used to collect and analyze the data. The analysis of this research uses green theory and green marketing to find out why and to what extent Starbucks Indonesia's contribution contributes to environmentally friendly issues. Environmental issues are issues all over the world that often arise. Governments, organizations, and some groups have been actively holding business companies to account regarding environmental damage such as unusual climate change, global warming, natural resource degradation, and population. In this case, the aim is for consumers to have significant environmental awareness and become more concerned with green products and contribute to a green environment.
Effect of BaTiO3 Doping on the Vibrational Properties of PAni
Authors: Gautam Ratindra , Nautiyal Vivek Kumar , Singh Santosh Kumar , Koranga Bipin Singh , Rawat Seema
Published: October 2022

Due to the advantages of material abundance and synthetic simplicity, polyaniline can be used as a high-capacity cathode material. However, its practical application in batteries has been hindered by poor electrochemical utilization and cycling instability. This paper reports the enhancement in the conductivity of the polymer (PAni) using the oxidation polymerization method. After successfully synthesis of PAni the vibrational properties have been analyzed by using FTIR. From experimental data, it has been observed that after doping of BaTiO3 the carriers along the surface enhanced which increases vibration along with the fingerprint reason. The polymers showed less electrical conductivity than polyaniline. Unlike polyaniline, the presence of the nitro group caused higher frequency dependence of electrical conductivity. The FTIR bands at 1492, 1291 and 1147 cm−1 are corresponding to the polyaniline salt.
Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) for Supercapacitor and Photocatalytic Applications
Authors: Pavithra S. , Joelin C. , Rajesh S. , Sakunthala A.
Published: October 2022

Commercial Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) was explored as an electrode material for aqueous supercapacitor systems. The material was found to have a cubic structure with no impurities and hence as such subjected to the electrochemical properties in a three electrode system. The material was found to deliver a first cycle discharge capacitance of 106 F/g for a current density of 0.125A/g in the wide potential window of -0.8 to 0.5 V. The cycling efficiency of the commercial material was tested at a high current rate of 3 A/g. The material delivered a discharge capacitance of 16 F/g even after 1000 cycles. The used electrode after 1000 cycles was then explored for the photocatalytic efficiency. The dye degradation was about 78.96 % for methylene blue, indicating ZnSe to be a promising material for both the energy and environmental applications.
Effect of Poling on Dielectric Properties of PMN-PT Ceramics
Authors: Parmar Shivendra Singh , Rajput Shailendra
Published: October 2022

This article presents the phase transition analysis of PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-PbTiO3 ceramics. The ceramics were prepared by a conventional solid-state reaction method in two steps. Structural analysis confirms the single phase formation without any impurity phases. Temperature dependent dielectric properties were measured on unpoled and poled ceramics. It is observed that poling process helps to identify diffuse phase transitions.
Biomolecular Piezoelectric Materials for Biosensors
Authors: Panda Swati
Published: October 2022

Piezoelectric biosensors are a type of analytical equipment that works based on recording affinity interactions. A piezoelectric platform, also known as a piezoelectric crystal, is a sensor component that works on the premise of oscillations changing according to the presence of a mass on the piezoelectric crystal surface. Owing to their high piezoelectricity, biocompatibility, as well as different electrical properties, biomolecular piezoelectric materials are thought to be promising candidates for future piezoelectric biosensors. When biological components in the human body are stressed, they are estimated to produce electric fields that promote cell growth and repair. As a by-product, piezoelectricity research in biological tissues and their elements has drawn much attention recently. This article specifies the principle of the advancement in piezoelectricity research of representative biomolecular materials, which are nucleic acids such as amino acids (DNA, RNA), peptides, proteins, and viruses. We also explored the origins and processes of piezoelectricity in biomolecular materials for biosensor application. Various advantages of using piezoelectric biomolecular materials for biosensor applications are elaborated. Lastly, a comprehensive idea of future challenges and discussion are provided.
High-intensity interval training combining rowing and cycling efficiently improves insulin sensitivity, body composition and VO2max in men with obesity and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Petersen Maria Houborg , de Almeida Martin Eisemann , Wentorf Emil Kleis , Jensen Kurt , Ørtenblad Niels , Højlund Kurt
Published: November 2022

Aims

Non-weight-bearing high-intensity interval training (HIIT) involving several muscle groups may efficiently improve metabolic health without compromising adherence in obesity and type 2 diabetes. In a non-randomized intervention study, we examined the effect of a novel HIIT-protocol, recruiting both lower and upper body muscles, on insulin sensitivity, measures of metabolic health and adherence in obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Methods

In 15 obese men with type 2 diabetes and age-matched obese (n=15) and lean (n=18) glucose-tolerant men, the effects of 8-weeks supervised HIIT combining rowing and cycling on ergometers (3 sessions/week) were examined by DXA-scan, incremental exercise test and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp combined with indirect calorimetry.

Results

At baseline, insulin-stimulated glucose disposal rate (GDR) was ~40% reduced in the diabetic vs the non-diabetic groups (all p<0.01). In response to HIIT, insulin-stimulated GDR increased ~30-40% in all groups (all p<0.01) entirely explained by increased glucose storage. These changes were accompanied by ~8-15% increases in VO2max, (all p<0.01), decreased total fat mass and increased lean body mass in all groups (all p<0.05). There were no correlations between these training adaptations and no group-differences in these responses. HbA1c showed a clinically relevant decrease in men with type 2 diabetes (4±2 mmol/mol; p<0.05). Importantly, adherence was high (>95%) in all groups and no injuries were reported.

Conclusions

A novel HIIT-protocol recruiting lower and upper body muscles efficiently improves insulin sensitivity, VO2max and body composition with intact responses in obesity and type 2 diabetes. The high adherence and lack of injuries show that non-weight-bearing HIIT involving several muscle groups is a promising mode of exercise training in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs in mice with kidney injury induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia
Authors: Su Yunan , Li Chaowei , Liu Weifeng , Liu Yibin , Li Liangyi , Chen Qingshi
Published: November 2022

Background: miRNAs have been reported to participate in various diseases. Nevertheless, the expression patterns of miRNA in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-induced kidney injury remain poorly characterized. In the current study, miRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq) was conducted to investigate miRNA expression profiles in a chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH)-induced renal injury mouse model.

Methods: The mouse model of chronic intermittent hypoxia was established. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) were detected using miRNA-seq technology. The sequencing data were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses using a bioinformatics approach. RT-qPCR was further used to evaluate the sequencing results. Finally, we created a network for clarifying the relationship between the miRNAs and target genes.

Results: In total, nine miRNAs were identified to be upregulated and nine to be downregulated in a mouse model of renal injury induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses revealed that the Wnt signaling pathway was involved in the development of chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced renal injury. Subsequently, eight DEmiRs, namely, mmu-miR-486b–3p, mmu-miR-215–5p, mmu-miR-212–3p, mmu-miR-344–3p, mmu-miR-181b-1-3p, mmu-miR-467a–3p, mmu-miR-467 d-3p, and mmu-miR-96–5p, showed a similar trend of expression when verified using RT-qPCR. Finally, five selected DEmiRs were used to construct a miRNA–mRNA network.

Conclusion: In conclusion, a total of 18 DEmiRs were identified in the mouse model of chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced renal injury. These findings advance our understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea-associated chronic kidney disease.
Simulation of XRD, Raman and IR spectrum for phase identification in doped HfO2 and ZrO2
Authors: Kersch Alfred , Ganser Richard , Trien Maximilian
Published: November 2022

Fluorite-structured hafnium and zirconia require different, complementary characterization methods to identify the numerous metastable phases. This is because of the many possible positions of the oxygen ions, which are difficult to observe directly. Ab initio simulations are useful to probe the corresponding XRD, Raman, and infrared spectra for fingerprints. However, the predictive power of theoretical methods is limited both by model errors and by boundary conditions such as defects, stresses, and morphology that are difficult to detect. We first consider the calculation of Raman and infrared spectra of the most interesting undoped phases of HfO2 and ZrO2, compare the results with known results, and discuss the uncertainties. Next, we consider the possibilities of classifying the phases using X-ray diffraction. To this end, we introduce the effects of doping, which increases the uncertainty due to structural disorder. For illustration, we examine a large data set of doped structures obtained with ab initio calculations. To make an unbiased assignment of phases, we use machine learning methods with clusters. The limits of X-ray diffraction spectroscopy are reached when phase mixtures are present. Resolution of single-phase polycrystalline samples may only be possible here if these three characterization methods are used.
Prospects of green nanotechnology for efficient management of neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Chaudhary Vishal
Published: November 2022

Current theranostics for neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) management are majorly symptomatic due to a lack of identification of early-stage biomarkers and the inefficiency of drugs to penetrate through the blood-brain barrier. Recently, the Neuro-nanotechnology interface has emerged as a potential strategy for diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of NDDs owing to smaller particle size, high specific surface area, tunable physicochemical attributes and rich surface functionalities. However, toxicity and biocompatibility are two significant challenges restricting their commercial prospect in NDD management. On the contrary, green nanosystems fabricated using plant extracts, microorganisms, biome-based precursors, repurposed-byproducts, exosomes, and protein-based bio-nanomaterials are economical, eco-friendly, biocompatible and renewable due to the abundance of biodiversity. This prospect explores the novel and cutting-edge interface of green nanosystems and NDDs for developing diagnostic and implantable devices, targeted drug delivery strategies, surgical prostheses, therapeutics, treatment, nanoscaffolds for neurogeneration, and immunity development. Besides, it discusses the challenges, alternate solutions and advanced prospects of green nanosystems with the integration of modern-age technologies for the development of sustainable green Neuro-nanotechnology for efficient management of NDDs.
Small molecule angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors: A medicinal chemistry perspective
Authors: Zheng Wenyue , Tian Erkang , Liu Zhen , Zhou Changhan , Yang Pei , Tian Keyue , Liao Wen , Li Juan , Ren Changyu
Published: November 2022

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a zinc metalloprotein, is a central component of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS). It degrades bradykinin and other vasoactive peptides. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors, ACEIs) decrease the formation of angiotensin II and increase the level of bradykinin, thus relaxing blood vessels as well as reducing blood volume, lowering blood pressure and reducing oxygen consumption by the heart, which can be used to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases and kidney diseases. Nevertheless, ACEIs are associated with a range of adverse effects such as renal insufficiency, which limits their use. In recent years, researchers have attempted to reduce the adverse effects of ACEIs by improving the selectivity of ACEIs for structural domains based on conformational relationships, and have developed a series of novel ACEIs. In this review, we have summarized the research advances of ACE inhibitors, focusing on the development sources, design strategies and analysis of structure-activity relationships and the biological activities of ACE inhibitors.
Black women diversity leaders' perceptions of organizational inclusivity in college sports
Authors: Keaton Ajhanai Channel Inez
Published: November 2022

Select collegiate athletic departments have adopted Athletic Diversity and Inclusion Officer (ADIO) positions. ADIOs are formally tasked with the job responsibilities of creating diverse, equitable, and inclusive athletic departments, and many individuals holding the positions are Black men and women. This hermeneutic phenomenological study focused on the leadership of Black women in ADIO positions and examined how their racial and gender identity informed their perceptions of organizational inclusivity. Findings reveal that the intersecting identities of Black women are drawn upon and centered to make sense of what organizational inclusivity is. More specifically, organizational inclusivity is creating contexts that do not mirror Black women's experiences as outsiders within mostly White athletic departments, lived experiences entangled in systems of oppression, specifically sexism and racism (read: intersectionality), and experiences that cultivate Black feminist thought in Black women, as this consciousness is only developed through adverse realities of exclusion. Hence, Black women ADIOs' perception of organizational inclusivity is informed by their own intersectional lived experiences of exclusion in sports and society writ large.
Testing Some Different Implementations of Heat Convection and Radiation in the Leapfrog-Hopscotch Algorithm
Authors: Askar Ali Habeeb , Omle Issa , Kovács Endre , Majár János
Published: October 2022

Based on many previous experiments, the most efficient explicit and stable numerical method to solve heat conduction problems is the leapfrog-hopscotch scheme. In our last paper, we made a successful attempt to solve the nonlinear heat conduction–convection–radiation equation. Now, we implement the convection and radiation terms in several ways to find the optimal implementation. The algorithm versions are tested by comparing their results to 1D numerical and analytical solutions. Then, we perform numerical tests to compare their performance when simulating heat transfer of the two-dimensional surface and cross section of a realistic wall. The latter case contains an insulator layer and a thermal bridge. The stability and convergence properties of the optimal version are analytically proved as well.
Image-to-Image Translation-Based Data Augmentation for Improving Crop/Weed Classification Models for Precision Agriculture Applications
Authors: Divyanth L. G. , Guru D. S. , Soni Peeyush , Machavaram Rajendra , Nadimi Mohammad , Paliwal Jitendra
Published: October 2022

Applications of deep-learning models in machine visions for crop/weed identification have remarkably upgraded the authenticity of precise weed management. However, compelling data are required to obtain the desired result from this highly data-driven operation. This study aims to curtail the effort needed to prepare very large image datasets by creating artificial images of maize (Zea mays) and four common weeds (i.e., Charlock, Fat Hen, Shepherd’s Purse, and small-flowered Cranesbill) through conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGANs). The fidelity of these synthetic images was tested through t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) visualization plots of real and artificial images of each class. The reliability of this method as a data augmentation technique was validated through classification results based on the transfer learning of a pre-defined convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture—the AlexNet; the feature extraction method came from the deepest pooling layer of the same network. Machine learning models based on a support vector machine (SVM) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were trained using these feature vectors. The F1 scores of the transfer learning model increased from 0.97 to 0.99, when additionally supported by an artificial dataset. Similarly, in the case of the feature extraction technique, the classification F1-scores increased from 0.93 to 0.96 for SVM and from 0.94 to 0.96 for the LDA model. The results show that image augmentation using generative adversarial networks (GANs) can improve the performance of crop/weed classification models with the added advantage of reduced time and manpower. Furthermore, it has demonstrated that generative networks could be a great tool for deep-learning applications in agriculture.