bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imperium teatralne Maxa Reinhardta
Authors: Leyko Małgorzata
Published: January 2021

Max Reinhardt – reżyser, który w sposób istotny kształtował styl i konwencje teatru europejskiego w XX wieku – stworzył także nowoczesny model teatru jako przedsiębiorstwa; prowadził jednocześnie kilka scen, a rozmach, z jakim kierował swoim imperium teatralnym, sprawił, że w środowisku niemieckojęzycznym bywał nazywany „der Theatrarch”. Działalność Reinhardta jako dyrektora teatrów berlińskich – Deutsches Theater, Kammerspiele i Grosses Schauspielhaus – została przedstawiona na tle systemu organizacji teatrów niemieckich, jaki obowiązywał od roku 1869 po wprowadzeniu „Gewerbefreiheit”, czyli prawa o wolności zarobkowania, na mocy którego działalność teatralna została potraktowana na równi z innymi przedsiębiorstwami gospodarczymi i handlowymi. System ten „zepsuł” w pewnym sensie teatr, którego misją było dotychczas powszechne podnoszenie kultury społeczeństwa niemieckiego i sankcjonował dynamiczny przyrost scen jako miejsca popularnej rozrywki. W obliczu silnej konkurencji Reinhardtowi udało się nie tylko prowadzić kilka teatrów na wysokim poziomie artystycznym, a mimo to przynoszących poważne zyski finansowe.
«Dziś rano dostałam Twój kochany list, a już wieczorem odpisuję»: Felicja Trapszo-Krywultówna do Leonii Jabłonkówny 1930–1936
Authors: Chmielewska Grażyna
Published: January 2021

Publikowane listy Felicji Trapszo-Krywultówny do Leonii Jabłonkówny  pochodzą z archiwum zatytułowanego „Korespondencja i dokumenty pracy artystycznej Leonii Jabłonkówny” w Zbiorach Specjalnych Instytutu Sztuki PAN. Felicja Krywultówna, urodzona w 1905, była aktorką, pochodziła ze znanego aktorskiego rodu Trapszów. Występowała w teatrach Wilna, Grodna, Łodzi i Krakowa. Zmarła na gruźlicę w 1937. Leonia Jabłonkówna, urodzona w 1905, studiował historię sztuki i filologię polską na Uniwersytecie Warszawskim, publikowała artykuły na tematy związane ze sztuką w „Bluszczu” i felietony filmowe w „Wiadomościach Literackich”, w latach trzydziestych XX ubiegłego wieku studiowała na Wydziale Sztuki Reżyserskiej PIST w Warszawie. Ogłaszane listy pochodzą z lat 1930—1936, przynoszą informacje biograficzne dotyczące obu korespondentek, nowe wiadomości o teatrach w Grodnie, Krakowie i Częstochowie, o dyrekcjach i zespołach, o repertuarze. Malują obraz środowiska teatralnego lat trzydziestych XX wieku.
Profesor z Chylonii: Jan Ciechowicz (1949–2017)
Authors: Krasiński Edward
Published: January 2021

Zmarły 16 września 2017 w Gdyni Jan Ciechowicz był mistrzem krótkich form krytyki literackiej i teatralnej. Dwa ostatnie tomy jego dzieł zebranych, które zawierają eseje, artykuły, referaty konferencyjne i wypowiedzi, wyróżniają się erudycją akademicką, szerokim i zróżnicowanym obszarem zainteresowań, klasą pisarską i umiejętnością łączenia wielu punktów widzenia: teatralnego, literackiego, socjologicznego czy politycznego. Ciechowicz był także utalentowanym redaktorem. Redagował i wydał w sumie 21 tytułów, współpracując przy swoich projektach z innymi wybitnymi edytorami. Jego dorobek redakcyjny budzi podziw, ponownie jak rozległe obszary badawcze, które zgłębiał, a także jego zaradność i kreatywność, gust, umiejętności redakcyjne i organizacyjne. Wielokrotnie recenzował projekty badawcze i brał udział w akademickich grantach naukowych; zorganizował kilkanaście konferencji krajowych i międzynarodowych. Był członkiem wielu towarzystw naukowych; organizował i inicjował wydarzenia kulturalne i artystyczne na Pomorzu; pełnił funkcję doradcy władz miejskich i wojewódzkich.
Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis dan Pemberian Insentif untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Pegawai pada Kantor Setda Kabupaten Jepara
Authors: Sutrisno Sugeng , Suparmi Suparmi , Sukardi Sukardi
Published: January 2021

Reformasi birokrasi diarahkan untuk menciptakan aparatur yang bersih, brtanggung jawab, prtesional,  birokrasi yang effisien dan effektif serta mampu menciptakan pelayanan prima kepada masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan demokratis dan insentif terhadap peningkatan motivasi pegawai pada Kantor Setda Kabupaten Jepara. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi linier berganda.

Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh Pegawai Negeri Sipil Setda Kabupaten Jepara dengan jumlah 99  orang. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode sensus yaitu cara pengambilan sampel dimana populasi menjadi sampel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil apabila gaya kepemimpinan demokratis dilksanakan dengan baik maka motivasi pegawai juga semakin baik. Hasil uji t juga menunjukkan ada pengaruh positip dan signifikan antara gaya kepemimpinan demokratis terhadap motivasi pegawai di Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Jepara. Insentif sudah diberikan secara layak, sehingga motivasi pegawai juga semakin meningkat. Hasil uji t juga menunjukkan ada pengaruhpositip dan signifikan antara insentif terhadap motivasi pegawai di Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Jepara.
Payment of Diyat in Pakistan: Exploring the Missing Islamic Spirit
Authors: Dr. Muhammad Asad  , Dr. Barkat Ali  , Hafiz Muhammad Usman Nawaz
Published: January 2021

Though the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Pakistan) as established in 1947, adopted the then British oriented existing laws, it was confirmed that appropriate modification will be made in these laws. Therefore, among others, the criminal laws including Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 (PPC) have been amended particularly to bring its provisions in conformity with Islamic Injunctions. In this context, in addition to other matters of the offenses affecting human life, the provisions of Diyat have been inserted in PPC.  However, the law of Diyat as introduced in PPC is not all-inclusive. On the aspect of responsibility regarding the payment of Diyat, in case of incapacity of the offender, the law of PPC as amended in Islamic context is somehow still incomplete. As such, this situation is affecting the rights of the parties. The present law of Diyat as provided in PPC, indeed, is lacking the important aspect ‘Aqilah’. The insertion of provisions of 'Aqilah' in the PPC, may make the law of Diyat in the true sense of Islamic Injunctions, and consequently, the currently arising issues of non-payment of Diyat money particularly in case of offender's poverty, maybe settled down, and it ultimately will contribute for upholding the Rule of Law in criminal administration justice system of Pakistan. This is a doctrinal and analytical based study that focuses on the relevant literature either directly or indirectly related to the research topic. It engages the investigative deliberation of both types of primary and secondary sources. Such a way of deliberating the currently prevailing situation will put our study toward a result-oriented conclusion with suitable suggestions on the topic at hand.
Role of Key Stakeholders in the Awareness Campaign of Right to Information (RTI) Act, Punjab
Authors: Yasin Dr. Zaeem , Hassan Hibba , Waheed Aqdas
Published: January 2021

The study aims to check the awareness level of people towards Right to Information Act 2013 and also examines the role of key stakeholders in RTI Act Awareness Campaign. The study further investigates the barriers to effective awareness campaign of RTI Act 2013. A mix method research design has been adopted (Survey and intensive interview) to collect data. The study implies Democratic and Social Responsibility theory by Michael Laurence & Siebert, Peterson and Schramm.
Purposive sampling method was used for conducting survey. Intensive interviews were taken from bureaucrats, politicians and the leaders of civil society from Pakistan. Findings showed few significant perspectives. Punjab Government enacted Right to Information as a bargain for aid from international community which reflects government’s disinterest and lack of concern for RTI’s effective implementation and awareness of general public.
Evaluasi Rute Penerbangan Pesawat Udara dalam Meningkatkan Kunjungan Wisatawan Mancanegara di Bandara Silangit, Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara
Authors: NAINGGOLAN HETTY CLAUDIA
Published: January 2021

One of government’s efforts in continuously improving tourism in Indonesia is to support an agreement to focus on 10 new tourism destinations development, one of them is Lake Toba in North Sumatra. Related to that, there is an initiative to provide an accessibility to reach Lake Toba. Silangit airport is the physical evidence of that initiative to assist more foreign tourist visit Danau Toba. The airlines which serve the route from/to Silangit airport are Citilink, Batik Air, Sriwijaya Airlines, Wings Air, and Susi Air and Air Asia. In the future, Silangit airport is projected to be an international airport with more routes and airlines. In order to achieve that target, there is a need to improve the physical development and service to satisfy all visitors.

This research is categorized as descriptive research with primary data method using survey by collecting data through questionnaires. Type of questionnaires that is used is direct one, which collects data from related respondents.

This study found that there is a significant effort from PT. Angkasa Pura II to coordinate and commit to build and develop Silangit airport, in terms of physical aspects and services. This research also suggested that additional and various routes and airlines will be an opportunity, especially if the flight will include route to/from Batam, Bandung and Singapore.
Utilization of Human Skin Equivalent in Research of Scabies Pathogenesis
Authors: Trasia Reqgi First
Published: January 2021

Scabies is a tropical disease that requires large-scale control. Research on the pathogenesis of scabies in Indonesia is still rare. Meanwhile, in tropical countries, studies related to the course of scabies have been done quite a lot, one of which is by using a human skin model. The purpose of writing this article is to discuss the use of human skin modeling technology in researching the course of scabies. Research using HSE demonstrated modulation of cytokine secretion, expression of cell adhesion molecules, and gene expression in response to the scabies mite extract molecule.
Impact of Quarantine in India during COVID-19 Situation: An Overview
Authors: Kanoujia Jovita , Gupta Pawan Kumar , Sharma Naveen , Porwal Pawan Kumar , Gupta Ashi
Published: January 2021

The present manuscript highlights the basic concept of quarantine with the history of quarantine concept, which deals with the different types of emotions, such as, resentment, acceptance, curiosity, etc. The impact of quarantine on the Indian population in terms of mental health, psychological health, and financial crisis is explained with the preventive measures. The positive and negative impact of COVID-19 led quarantine on public health is an important issue to highlight, and it is challenging to control the negative impact if the preventive measures are not employed seriously.
Reihe, Konstellation, Exzerpt
Authors: Pethes Nicolas
Published: January 2021

In seinem Aufsatz rekonstruiert der Literatur- und Medienwissenschaftler Nicolas Pethes die Verwendung des Experimentbegriffs in Benjamins Schriften und verfolgt seine Entwicklung von dessen frühen Untersuchung Über den Begriff der Kunstkritik in der deutschen Romantik über den Ursprung des deutschen Trauerspiels bis zum Passagen-Werk. Dabei soll nicht nur die Bedeutung der Idee des Experiments, sondern auch der experimentelle Charakter von Benjamins eigener Schreibweise herausgearbeitet werden. Das Experiment, das eng verwandt ist mit Test und Spiel, ist Teil einer Darstellungsstrategie, mit der Benjamin die Diskontinuität der Kunst- und Gesellschaftsgeschichte beschreiben will.
Aura und Irrtum
Authors: Fenves Peter
Published: January 2021

Der Philosoph und Komparatist Peter Fenves befasst sich in seinem Aufsatz mit Benjamins Ideen zur Wissenschaftspopularisierung und seiner Auseinandersetzung mit der theoretischen Physik. Er widmet sich insbesondere Benjamins Verteidigung der in Misskredit stehenden Wissenschaftspopularisierung, die eine neue Bedeutung und Funktion erhalten soll. Die latenten Bezüge zwischen Philosophie und theoretischer Physik zeigt Fenves am Beispiel des in der Quantenphysik verwendeten Begriffs der »Verschränkung« auf, der das Pendant zu Benjamins Begriff der »Aura« darstellt und zur gleichen Zeit von Heidegger verwendet wird.
Walter Benjamins Physik der Geschichte
Authors: Cha Kyung-Ho
Published: January 2021

Der Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaftler Kyung-Ho Cha widmet sich in seinem Beitrag Benjamins Reaktion auf die Entdeckung der Kernspaltung im Jahre 1938. Den Ausgangspunkt des Aufsatzes bildet der Vergleich zwischen der Methode, die seiner Arbeit am Passagen-Werk zugrunde liegt, und der »Methode der Atomzertrümmerung«, womit er sich auf die Kernspaltung bezieht. Im Aufsatz wird gezeigt, wie Benjamin mit dem Begriff aus der Kernphysik die in der Geschichte verborgenen und unsichtbaren Energien zu erfassen versucht.
Das Dynamit einer Zehntelsekunde
Authors: Canales Jimena
Published: January 2021

Die Wissenschaftshistorikerin Jimena Canales setzt Benjamins Kunstwerk-Aufsatz und die Kleine Geschichte der Photographie in ihren wissenschaftshistorischen Kontext. Seine Reflexionen zur Fotografie stehen, so Canales, paradigmatisch für eine veränderte Wahrnehmung der Fotografie, die von den Zeitgenossen nicht länger als originalgetreue, sondern künstliche Abbildung der Wirklichkeit angesehen wird. Benjamins Analogie von Fotografie und Psychoanalyse nimmt Canales zum Anlass, die Trennung von Natur- und Geisteswissenschaft und die damit verbundene strikte Abgrenzung von hermeneutischen und experimentellen Methoden in Frage zu stellen.
Traumatismo cranioencefálico grave em paciente vítima de autoagressão por projétil de arma de fogo
Authors: Baltar Ferreira Gomes Gabriela , Barbosa Galindo Bruna , Henrique Monteiro Maciel Lyra Carlos , Paulino Serur Isabela , Cecília de Vasconcellos Piscoya Isabelle , Araújo Magalhães Duarte Natália , Monteiro Maciel Lyra Rafaela , Monteiro Maciel Lyra Virgínia , Bispo de Santana Welliany
Published: January 2021

O Traumatismo Cranioencefálico (TCE) corresponde a 20,6% dos traumas por projétil de arma de fogo (PAF), levando a uma elevada morbimortalidade.  Desses, muitos são resultado da autoagressão, sendo o Brasil o 8º país em número absoluto de suicídios. O tratamento nesses casos pode ser conservador ou cirúrgico a depender da localização e gravidade das lesões. O presente trabalho relata o caso de paciente jovem, 29 anos, vítima de lesão cerebral por PAF autoinfligida, tendo por objetivo discutir conceitos acerca do tema, bem como, as condutas adotadas.
Housing Transformation in Kampala, Uganda: Causes and Opportunities
Authors: Mukiibi Stephen , Machyo Jennifer Nalubwama
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses house transformation by owners in Kampala, the capital city of Uganda, examining the reasons for the phenomenon and highlighting its nature, opportunities it offers and what be done to formalise it and take advantage of some of these opportunities for the benefit of the community. The main objective of the study was to investigate the factors and processes leading to house transformation in Kampala’s owner-occupied houses. The study revealed that the processes of house development and transformation in Kampala are largely informal, excluding professionals and local authorities. House transformations were a means of expression of the changing needs of the owners, in terms of sizes, income, class and status. House transformations are characterised by phased alterations/modifications, which result in more space for the household needs, income generation and house improvement and status uplift. The process being widespread, almost inevitable and addressing the largely genuine concern. The research recommends formalisation of guided house transformation and phased construction by Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA) under the consultation of house-owners and professionals.
Tathmini Linganishi kati ya Mtalaa wa 8.4.4 na wa Umilisi wa 2.6.6.3 katika Ufundishaji wa Fonimu za Kiswahili katika Kiwango cha Chekechea
Authors: Wataka Nabangi Joan , Choge Susan C , Manasseh Luganda Musavi
Published: January 2021

Mtalaa ni mpangilio ambao huweka malengo katika ufunzaji wa wanafunzi. Unatumika kama mwongozo kwa walimu ambao huweka viwango vya matokeo ya mwanafunzi sawia na uwajibikaji wa mwalimu. Nchi ya Kenya imeshuhudia mabadiliko ya mitalaa mbalimbali tangu ilipojinyakulia uhuru. Nafasi ya mtalaa wa uhuru wa 7.4.2.3 ilichukuliwa na 8.4.4 mwaka wa 1985 ambao nafasi yake kwa sasa inachukuliwa na mtalaa mpya wa umilisi wa 2.6.6.3 ambao ulianzishwa mwaka wa 2017. Mitalaa hii imefafanua vipengele mbalimbali kwa kutumia mbinu mbalimbali za ufundishaji na ufunzaji. Kwa hivyo, lengo la nakala hii ni kutathmini kiulinganishi ufundishaji wa fonimu za Kiswahili katika kiwango cha chekechea katika mtalaa wa 8.4.4 unaoondolewa, na katika mtalaa mpya wa umilisi wa 2.6.6.3. Mtalaa wa 7.4.2.3 na wa 8.4.4 iliegemea sana uwezo wa mwalimu, yeye ndiye aliyechukua jukumu kubwa katika mchakato wa ufundishaji kuliko wanafunzi. Tofauti na mitalaa hiyo miwili, mtalaa wa 2.6.6.3 unampa mwanafunzi jukumu kubwa katika mchakato wa ujifunzaji kuliko mwalimu. Makala haya pia yamechunguza kiulinganishi ubora na udhaifu wa mbinu mbalimbali za ufundishaji wa fonimu za Kiswahili katika kiwango cha chekechea katika mitalaa ya 8.4.4 na mpya wa 2.6.6.3. Nadharia ya Piaget ya Utambuzi imeongoza makala haya. Makala haya yanaripoti baadhi ya matokeo ya utafiti uliofanywa kwa minajili ya shahada ya uzamili katika Elimu ya Kiswahili.
Faktor-faktor yang Memoderasi Pengaruh Partisipasi Anggaran terhadap Senjangan Anggaran
Authors: Sari Mita Puspita , Agusti Restu , L Al Azhar
Published: January 2021

This study aims to examine  the effect of Budget Participation on Budgetary Slack with Information Asymmetry, Organizational Commitment, Group Cohesiveness and Environmental Uncertainty as a moderating variables. The population in this study was 22 OPD Kuantan Singing Regency. In this study, the sample used is the 66 respondents were selected using purposive sampling method. This study used primary data by dissemination of the questionnaires. Technical analysis for test hypothesis that used in this study are simple regression analysis and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). Data collected from 60 respondents subsequently data were analyzed with the help of SPSS software version 17.0 using descriptive statistical analysis and simple linear regression analysis to produce classical assumption tests, data analysis models, coefficient of determination and prove hypotheses. The results of partial and simultaneous research found that the budgetary participation variable in budgetary slack with information asymmetry, organizational commitment, group cohesiveness and environmental uncertainty as a moderating variable.
Pengaruh Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia, Penerapan Sistem Akuntansi Keuangan Daerah dan Peran Auditor Internal terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Daerah (Studi Empiris pada OPD Kabupaten Rokan Hilir)
Authors: Sasmita Dewi Astri , Nasrizal Nasrizal , Rasuli M
Published: January 2021

This research was conducted to examine whether the factors of human resource competency, the application of regional financial accounting systems and the role of internal auditors affect the quality of regional financial reports. The study was conducted on officials and employees OPD at the District Rokan Hilir. To examine this reserch’s hypothesis, the author uses the multiple regression analysis by using SPSS version 21.0. The results of this study reveal that there is a positive effect on the variables of competence in human resources, the application of regional financial accounting systems and the role of internal auditors on the quality of regional financial reports.
Menace of Waste Dumping Along Median Strips and Drainage in Ogun State: a Development Communication Approach
Authors: Adesina Evaristus , Omojola Oladokun , Amodu Lanre , Adeyeye Babatunde , Yartey Darlynton
Published: January 2021

Waste dumping along the median strips and drainages is fast becoming a norm among residents of Ogun State. This study sought to investigate the reasons why residents dump refuse along the median strips ; to what extent are they aware of the statutory provisions against the menace as well as find how their knowledge of the health and environmental consequences of Waste Dumping along the median Strip and Drainages. Theory of planned behaviour connected to the research area was reviewed thereby clarifying the main topic and aiding the data collection. The research methodology of survey and in-depth interview were used in the study. An interview was conducted with the Permanent Secretary Cabinet Matter in the Ogun State Government. A structured designed questionnaire was administered to a randomly selected sample of 300 respondents. 150 respondents each in Idiroko Expresss Road Ota, Ogun State and the Adatan/Lafenwa Road, Abeokuta, Ogun State. The result of the study revealed that Government, believes that the practice of the people is unjustifiable, describing it as an act of total indiscipline. Although residents of Ogun State are aware of the wrongness of dumping waste along the median strips and drainages, results from the findings of the survey revealed that 54% of the respondents attributed illicit waste dumping act to the long distance of waste containers, 56.3% related their actions to non-availability of waste dump site. The study further shows that 80.2% of the sampled population expressed knowledge of the existence of laws against dumping of waste along median strips and drainages. The study therefore concluded that on the need for an urgent shift from Mongolic to Dialogic communication in curbing the deepening behavioural pattern of dumping waste along the median strips and drainages by residents of Ogun State.
Enabling Environment and Agriculture in ECOWAS: Implications for Food Security
Authors: Osabohien Romanus , Olurinola Isaiah O. , Matthew Oluwatoyin A. , Igharo Amechi Endurance
Published: January 2021

This study examined how enabling environment (proxied by political stability and absence of violence) affect agricultural production and food security in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) sub-region. The essence of this study is to ensure that a conducive enabling environment is put in place to boost agriculture, so as to ensure food security in ECOWAS sub-region. The study employed the fixed and random effects econometric method on the data sourced from the World Development Indicators (WDI) and the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) for the period 2000 to 2018. The findings from the study showed that, when there is an enabling environment for farming, agriculture production increased by 1%, while food security increased by about 3%.These findings imply that proper policies and programmes should be put in place towards ensuring an enabling environment for agricultural activities which will increase production and food security within the ECOWAS sub-region.
Agro-ecological and Technological Quality of Some Apples
Authors: Sotirov Anton , Glavev Nikolay , Sotirov Dimitar , Dimitrova Stanislava , Pistalov Nikola , Sotirov Viktor , Sotirov Krasimir
Published: January 2021

The aim of the study is to investigate cloudy apple juices, produced from 83 apple varieties, grown by the Institute of Agriculture in town of Kyustendil, Bulgaria for their main ecological and technological parameters, in view of their safety for the population and the possibilities for their use as raw material in the food industry. The study found, that the apples are environmentally friendly for the studied parameters. Technologically, there are varieties with the highest juice yields (over 70%) - Defloga, Ginger Gold, Gold Rush, Granny Smith, and Melrose. The most tasty and colored juices of fresh fruit and fruit flour are separated from the Florina, Free Redstar, Ginger Gold, Gold Rush, Golden Delicious, and Granny Smith. Some practically do not give juice and material for fruit flour with the applied method 100% cold-pressed apple juice, but they produce puree with high quality as the Belgolden, Braeburn, Charden, and Red Delicious. There were observed very stable approximate ratios between Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, and Salt content in the juices as follows: Cond./TDS=1.5, TDS/Salt=1.3, Cond./Salt=2. Retio between Total Sugar Content and Total Acidity - Brix/pH = 3-5, as the most tasty and with good color juices have ratio Brix/pH=4.
The Implementation of E-learning in the Continuous Training of the Military of the Republican National Guard. Case Study: Lisbon Territorial Command
Authors: Sobreira Liliana , Rosado David Pascoal , Lopes Helga Santa Comba , Sousa Maria José
Published: January 2021

The training needs felt in the professional path of the military of the Republican National Guard, associated with the potential of using new technologies is the core of this investigation. Training is one of the great challenges that organizations currently face and, in the National Republican Guard, it plays a fundamental role in the service provided by the Institution, making it clear the high importance of acquiring and maintaining knowledge and skills for the performance on several roles in the organization. The present investigation aims to determine the importance of the e-Learning tool for the continuous training of the soldiers of the National Republican Guard. In this context, it is intended to characterize the importance of continuous training whose objective is to identify and analyze the consequences of the tool, as well as to identify the impact of the use of new technologies in the training of the institution's military, according to a case study in the Lisbon Territorial Command. The method that supports the investigation is the deductive method, which is based on a logic from the general to the particular. In order to achieve the defined objectives, we opted for interviews and a questionnaire survey, complemented with a documentary analysis resulting from bibliographic research and institutional documents. Thus, it appears that continuous training has a high importance for the professional development of the military, since it promotes quality in the service provided, positively affecting the daily activities of the military, increasing individual success and, consequently, organizational success . It is concluded that e-Learning represents an asset for continuous training, since it is a catalyst for the potential of the institution's human resources.
HYERS-ULAM STABILITY OF FOURTH ORDER EULER'S DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: Tripathy A. K. , Satapathy A.
Published: January 2021

In this work, we investigate the Hyers-Ulam stability of the fourth order Euler's differential equations of the form \[ t^4 y^{(iv)} + \alpha t^3 y''' + \beta t^2 y'' +\gamma t y' +\delta y = 0, \] on any open interval $I = (a, b)$, $0 < a < b \le\infty$ or $-\infty < a < b < 0$, where $\alpha$, $\beta$, $\gamma$ and $\delta$ are complex constants.
The Effectiveness of a Succinate-Containing Medication in Accompanying Therapy of Comorbid Tuberculosis in a Penitentiary Institution
Authors: Kolomiets V. M. , Kovalenko A. L. , Pavlenko E. P. , Talikova E. V.
Published: January 2021

The aim of the study was to analyze the features of the organization of therapy for patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB/HIV) and the effectiveness of pharmacotherapeutic approaches under the conditions of penitentiary institutions. Materials and methods: the data on the incidence and effectiveness of specialized medical care for TB/HIV patients were analyzed for a ten-year period in the population of penitentiary institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of one of the subjects of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation. Therapy and examination of patients with TB/HIV was carried out in accordance with regulatory documents and using generally accepted diagnostic methods. The patients consulted the staff of the departments of the FSBEI HE KSMU to verify the diagnosis and correct treatment regimens. Results: the analysis showed that, despite the stabilization of the TB epidemic situation, the epidemiological indicators for comorbid TB/HIV are increasing in the penitentiary health sector, which is due to an increase in the number of HIV-infected patients. In order to intensify the treatment of patients with TB/HIV in the population of the penitentiary system, it is necessary to give priority to social and sanitary prevention, primarily in risk groups — HIV-infected and individuals with residual lung changes. The inclusion of Remaxol in the therapy regimens for TB/HIV patients promotes rapid relief of hepatotoxic reactions and, as a consequence, increases the effectiveness of the primary therapy, which is illustrated by clinical observation.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP) UNTUK ORGANISASI KEMAHASISWAAN
Authors: Bariyah Taufiqotul , Wulandari Catur
Published: January 2021

Dinamisnya organisasi mahasiswa membuat dokumentasi dan pencatatan kegiatan organisasi tidak tertata dengan baik. Dokumentasi dan pencatatan dilakukan secara terpisah oleh setiap departemen yang ada dalam organisasi mengakibatkan terhambatnya evaluasi kegiatan yang telah terlaksana selama periode kepengurusan, serta sulitnya pengawasan terhadap kegiatan yang tengah berjalan. Permasalahan ini dapat diatasi dengan membangun sistem Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) yang sudah disesuaikan untuk organisasi mahasiswa. Konsep ERP dapat diterapkan untuk mewujudkan sentralisasi data, lebih lanjut lagi model ERP berbasis web memungkinkan kemudahan akses informasi termasuk akses semua fitur-fitur untuk dokumentasi dan pencatatan. Adanya sistem ERP untuk organisasi, dapat memungkinkan dokumentasi dan evaluasi organisasi secara lebih efisien serta memungkinkan pengawasan dari semua anggota organisasi secara real-time. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian didapatkan, sistem ERP4HIMA dapat diterima oleh penggunanya yang diukur dari segi manfaat, kepuasan, kenyamanan dalam penggunaan, dan kemudahaan untuk dipelajari dengan persentase sebesar 90.91%. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian validasi yang didapatkan, aplikasi ERP4HIMA telah memenuhi seluruh kebutuhan fungsional dari sistem.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Teknologi Informasi Airlangga Samarinda
Authors: Andi Rustandi  , Asyril Asyril , Hikma Nurul
Published: January 2021

Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R & D) dengan model pengembangan PPE yang terdiri tiga tahap, yaitu Planning, Production, Evaluation. Pada tahap analisis dilakukan studi literature dan studi lapangan, kemudian memproduksi media dengan membuat flowchart, dan storyboard, kemudian membuat media tersebut sesuai dengan desain yang telah dibuat. Tahap akhir ialah evaluasi dimana media divalidasi oleh guru mata pelajaran sebagai ahli materi dan 3 orang ahli validasi media untuk melihat kelayakan media serta membuat laporan.

Hasil Penelitian dan Pengembangan media pembelajaran ini dikembangkan dengan model pengembangan PPE (Planning,Production, and Evaluation) dengan teknik pengumpulan data studi lapangan, studi literature dan angket yang dianalisis secara deskriptif oleh para  ahli dinyatakan bahwa media pembelajaran Android ini “Sangat Layak” untuk di  gunakan dengan persentase kelayakan 94,52%.
Immunnostimulatory activity of Holothuria atra sea cucumber
Authors: Nursid Muhammad , Patantis Gintung , Dewi Ariyanti S. , Achmad M. Janib , Sembodo Prakoso M. , Estuningsih Sri
Published: January 2021

Immunostimulant is a substance that can stimulate the immune system against pathogenic microbes. Natural products produced by sea cucumbers have the potential to be developed as immunostimulants. This study was aimed to evaluate the imunostimulatory activity of Holothuria atra extract using the phagocytocyte assay of macrophage cells and the differentiation of leukocyte in rats. The samples of H. atra were taken from Halmahera waters, North Maluku, Indonesia. Extraction was carried out with 96% ethanol. Phagocytocyte activity assay was carried out using macrophage cells isolated from Balb/c mice (Mus musculus) using a series of doses 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 4.0; 8.0; 16.0 and 32.0 mg/kg body weight. Leukocyte differentiation test in vivo was conducted using Rattus norvegicus rat treated with H. atra extract for 90 days with the following series of doses: 0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight. The results showed that the highest phagocytosis activity was reached at a concentration of 4.0 µg/ml, but it was insignificantly different from the negative control group (p < 0.05). Leukocyte differentiation assay showed that the administration of H. atra extract increased the immune system response in the animals which was characterized by the increasing number of lymphocyte cells. H. atra extract also decreased the number of monocytes and neutrophils, suggesting the suppression of inflammation in the tested rats. Extract administration for 90 days did not cause a hypersensitivity reaction as indicated by the unchanged number of eosinophil and basophil cells. Based on the results of this study, it is concluded that H. atra had a potency to develop as an immunostimulant.
In vitro effects of synthetic muscimol and an extract from Amanita muscaria on human recombinant MAOB enzyme
Authors: Voynova Maria , Shkondrov Aleksandar , Krasteva Ilina , Kondeva-Burdina Magdalena
Published: January 2021

The effects of synthetic muscimol and an extract from Amanita muscaria, containing this compound on the activity of human recombinant MAOB enzyme (hMAOB) were studied. Muscimol had statistically significant inducing effect on hMAOB at concentrations 0.25–5 μM, while A. muscaria extract did not influence the enzyme activity at all.
Reduced Opioid Use Among Patients Who Received Liposomal Bupivacaine for ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Stryder Brandon T. , Szakiel Paulina M. , Kelly Michael , Shu Henry T. , Bodendorfer Blake M. , Luck Stephen , Argintar Evan H.
Published: January 2021

Standard multimodal pain management for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction typically includes a combination of local anesthetics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and opioids. Opioids present a substantial risk, and there is a rising number of prescription opioid-related overdoses in the United States. The goal of this study was to evaluate the quantity of opioids prescribed to patients who received liposomal bupivacaine as a component of their multi-modal pain regimen. The electronic medical records of patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by a single surgeon at an urban hospital during a 2-year period were evaluated. Patients in the case group received liposomal bupivacaine and those in the control group did not. Statistical analysis of the number of pills prescribed and numeric pain rating scale scores was performed with a 2-tailed unequal variance
t
test. Statistical analysis of opioid prescription refills was performed with a chi-square test. A total of 67 patients were included. The mean number of 5-mg oxycodone tablets prescribed to the case group (9.29±10.29 tablets) was significantly lower (
P
<.01) compared with the number prescribed to the control group (66.26±37.13 tablets). Patients in the case group also were less likely to require an opioid prescription refill at the first follow-up appointment (
P
<.01; absolute risk reduction, 50%; number needed to treat, 2). Mean numeric pain rating scale score at 2 weeks was 2.8±2.1 in the case group and 3.8±2.4 in the control group (
P
=.09). Patients who received liposomal bupivacaine as part of multimodal pain management had significantly fewer opioid prescriptions. Despite the reduction in opioids prescribed, patients in the case group only showed a trend toward a reduction in pain at 2-week follow-up. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(2):e229–e235.]
Three classes of partitioned difference families and their optimal constant composition codes
Authors: Xu Shanding , Qu Longjiang , Cao Xiwang
Published: January 2021

Cyclotomy, firstly introduced by Gauss, is an important topic in Mathematics since it has a number of applications in number theory, combinatorics, coding theory and cryptography. Depending on \begin{document}$ v $\end{document} prime or composite, cyclotomy on a residue class ring \begin{document}$ {\mathbb{Z}}_{v} $\end{document} can be divided into classical cyclotomy or generalized cyclotomy. Inspired by a foregoing work of Zeng et al. [40], we introduce a generalized cyclotomy of order \begin{document}$ e $\end{document} on the ring \begin{document}$ {\rm GF}(q_1)\times {\rm GF}(q_2)\times \cdots \times {\rm GF}(q_k) $\end{document}, where \begin{document}$ q_i $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ q_j $\end{document} (\begin{document}$ i\neq j $\end{document}) may not be co-prime, which includes classical cyclotomy as a special case. Here, \begin{document}$ q_1 $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ q_2 $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ \cdots $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ q_k $\end{document} are powers of primes with an integer \begin{document}$ e|(q_i-1) $\end{document} for any \begin{document}$ 1\leq i\leq k $\end{document}. Then we obtain some basic properties of the corresponding generalized cyclotomic numbers. Furthermore, we propose three classes of partitioned difference families by means of the generalized cyclotomy above and \begin{document}$ d $\end{document}-form functions with difference balanced property. Afterwards, three families of optimal constant composition codes from these partitioned difference families are obtained, and their parameters are also summarized.
Codes over $ \frak m $-adic completion rings
Authors: Mahmoudi Saadoun , Samei Karim
Published: January 2021

The theory of linear codes over finite rings has been generalized to linear codes over infinite rings in two special cases; the ring of \begin{document}$ p $\end{document}-adic integers and formal power series ring. These rings are examples of complete discrete valuation rings (CDVRs). In this paper, we generalize the theory of linear codes over the above two rings to linear codes over complete local principal ideal rings. In particular, we obtain the structure of linear and constacyclic codes over CDVRs. For this generalization, first we study linear codes over \begin{document}$ \hat{R}_{ \frak m} $\end{document}, where \begin{document}$ R $\end{document} is a commutative Noetherian ring, \begin{document}$ \frak m = \langle \gamma\rangle $\end{document} is a maximal ideal of \begin{document}$ R $\end{document}, and \begin{document}$ \hat{R}_{ \frak m} $\end{document} denotes the \begin{document}$ \frak m $\end{document}-adic completion of \begin{document}$ R $\end{document}. We call these codes, \begin{document}$ \frak m $\end{document}-adic codes. Using the structure of \begin{document}$ \frak m $\end{document}-adic codes, we present the structure of linear and constacyclic codes over complete local principal ideal rings.
Weak time discretization for slow-fast stochastic reaction-diffusion equations
Authors: Shi Chungang , Wang Wei , Chen Dafeng
Published: January 2021

This paper derives a weak convergence theorem of the time discretization of the slow component for a two-time-scale stochastic evolutionary equations on interval [0, 1]. Here the drift coefficient of the slow component is cubic with linear coupling between slow and fast components.
On the existence and stability of minimizers for generalized Tikhonov functionals with general similarity data
Authors: Kalmoun El Mostafa ,   Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar, Allami Fatimah ,   College of Arts and Sciences in Mahayel Aseer, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia
Published: January 2021

We study a unified form of Tikhonov regularization for ill-posed problems with a general data similarity term. We discuss sufficient conditions on this generalized Tikhonov functional that guarantee existence and stability of solutions. Furthermore, we show that some particular cases of similarity functionals and regularization techniques can be cast into a unified theoretical framework. In particular, we consider the cases of $ p $-power norm, Bregman distance and mutual information as examples of a data similarity term, and Tikhonov regularization of order one or using a Sobolev norm, total variation penalization and powers of semi-norms associated to closed operators as examples of a regularization term. Finally, we take up the case of the image registration problem.
p-moment exponential stability of second order differential equations with exponentially distributed moments of impulses
Authors: Hristova Snezhana ,   Department of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Plovdiv "Paisii Hilendarski", 236 Bulgaria Blvd., Plovdiv 4027, Bulgaria, Stefanova Kremena
Published: January 2021

Differential equations of second order with impulses at random moments are set up and investigated in this paper. The main characteristic of the studied equations is that the impulses occur at random moments which are exponentially distributed random variables. The presence of random variables in the ordinary differential equation leads to a total change of the behavior of the solution. It is not a function as in the case of deterministic equations, it is a stochastic process. It requires combining of the results in Theory of Differential Equations and Probability Theory. The initial value problem is set up in appropriate way. Sample path solutions are defined as a solutions of ordinary differential equations with determined fixed moments of impulses. P-moment generalized exponential stability is defined and some sufficient conditions for this type of stability are obtained. The study is based on the application of Lyapunov functions. The results are illustrated on examples.
Knjiga obračunov celjskih mestnih sodnikov (1457–1513)
Authors: Bizjak Matjaž , Žižek Aleksander
Published: January 2021

On 9 November 1456, Ulrich II, the last Count of Celje, was murdered in Belgrade. Not long afterwards, Celje fell under the rule of the Habsburg Emperor Frederick III, who set the new foundations for the city’s autonomy. The account book of the city judges of Celje, which is kept in the Styrian Provincial Archives in Graz – the oldest source of this kind from the territory of the present-day Slovenia – documents in detail the first fifty years of operations and transactions conducted by the new city authorities and brings an abundance of interesting features from the late medieval urban daily life. The source is published in its original language and parallel Slovenian translation, with an added scholarly introduction that provides the reader with an insight into Celje’s self-administration, development and medieval accounting systems, as well as presents the manuscript of the published source, together with the measuring and monetary systems used therein.
Co-publisher: Zgodovinski arhiv Celje
The Problem of the Authenticity of the Aesthetic Concept qiyun shengdong
Authors: Sernelj Téa
Published: January 2021

The article explores Xu Fuguan’s analysis and interpretation of the concept of qiyun shengdong 氣韻生動, which is considered to be one of the most important, fundamental and complex concepts in Chinese aesthetics and art. It was created by Xie He in the Wei Jin period (220–420 AD), which is marked as a turning point in the development of Chinese aesthetics. The complexity of the concept of qiyun shengdong is reflected in literary works, painting, calligraphy, and music, as well as in literary theory and the theory of painting. According to Xu Fuguan, qi refers to the external features of the artwork, while yun expresses the internal characteristics that are a matter of the human spirit. For Xu, shengdong signifies the manifestation and fusion of qi and yun in the artwork. Xu Fuguan claimed that the profound comprehension of this concept is fundamental for understanding the essence of Chinese art. The article also addresses the problem of translating this aesthetic concept into English and discusses the problem of its authenticity.
Social Capital, Innovation, and Local Resilience
Authors: Imai Heide , Ji Yao
Published: January 2021

This paper is based on research that centres on the city of Tokyo, a mature city that is experiencing various transformations, in order to show how social capital and innovation can help build up resilient communities. It presents two major topics: 1) the potential of localities and their social capital and social innovation to actively react to change, and 2) the role of localities for inclusive urban governance. By focusing on five small neighbourhoods in the south of Taito-ward in central-east Tokyo, the paper addresses the following questions: a) what kinds of social networks and interaction exist at the local level, b) how are residents contributing to neighbourhood revitalization and community identity, and c) what are specific examples of social innovative practices, emerging in periods of crisis, in the case-study area as a direct response to the COVID-19 pandemic? By adopting a mixed methods approach drawing especially on in-depth interviews conducted with a range of independent business owners, the study reveals the dynamics between long-term residents and newcomers as they negotiate shared identities that continue to shape the present and future of some of Tokyo’s oldest neighbourhoods. The research findings highlight the need for good urban governance to draw on an improved understanding of the potential of localities, place-based social capital building, and new social practices that are emerging in local third sectors, such as volunteer-run industry-based organizations, which are vital in maintaining informal networks as an alternative to more traditional neighbourhood groups to bond, bridge, and link diverse community members.
The Paradigm of Hakka Women in History
Authors: Ardizzoni Sabrina
Published: January 2021

Hakka studies rely strongly on history and historiography. However, despite the fact that in rural Hakka communities women play a central role, in the main historical sources women are almost absent. They do not appear in genealogy books, if not for their being mothers or wives, although they do appear in some legends, as founders of villages or heroines who distinguished themselves in defending the villages in the absence of men. They appear in modern Hakka historiography—Hakka historiography is a very recent discipline, beginning at the end of the 19th century—for their moral value, not only for adhering to Confucian traditional values, but also for their endorsement of specifically Hakka cultural values. In this paper we will analyse the cultural paradigm that allows women to become part of Hakka history. We will show how ethical values are reflected in Hakka historiography through the reading of the earliest Hakka historians as they depicted Hakka women. Grounded on these sources, we will see how the narration of women in Hakka history has developed until the present day.

In doing so, it is necessary to deal with some relevant historical features in the construction of Hakka group awareness, namely migration, education, and women narratives, as a pivotal foundation of Hakka collective social and individual consciousness.
Introduction
Authors: Rošker Jana S.
Published: January 2021

This issue of the journal Asian Studies will examine the cultural, social and intellectual legacies of the various Asian regions. Its geographical scope extends from China to Iran and from Afghanistan to Fujian. It examines different aspects of history, from classical and modern intellectual history to art, political and gender history. It clearly shows that the history of this vast and diverse region is complex.