bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TINJAUAN GEOMETRIK DAN PERKERASAN JALAN RUAS SEREALE KECAMATAN TIKALA KABUPATEN TORAJA UTARA
Authors: TB Rilva  , ST Azril  , P. Yulius  , Reni O Tarru  , Harni Tarru
Published: February 2024

Pembangunan jalan Sereale (Tikala) di Kabupaten Toraja Utara, saat ini masih banyak kelandaian/kelengkungan, jarak pandang yang tidak sesuai dengan standar geometrik jalan dan dapat menyebabkan kecelakaan, sehingga perencanaan bentuk fisiknya perlu diperbaiki agar dapat memberikan rasa aman dan nyaman. Dari hasil analisis keamanan untuk Rmin, Rmin lebih dari nilai radius tikungan dari 27 tikungan untuk kecepatan 30-50km/jam terdapat 19 tikungan yang tidak memenuhi, sehingga pada tikungan ke-19 tersebut mengurangi kecepatan menjadi 20km/jam dan masih terdapat 7 tikungan yang tidak memenuhi Rmin. lebih kecil dari jari-jari tikungan sehingga 7 tikungan tersebut memiliki elevasi 10% menurut AASTO dan Bina Marga dalam Hendarsin (2000), setelah elevasi dinaikkan pada 7 tikungan tersebut masih terdapat 3 tikungan yang tidak memenuhi standar sehingga disarankan untuk menaikan elevasi menjadi 12% setelah elevasi 3 tikungan tersebut dirubah menjadi 12% terdapat 3 dan masih terdapat 3 tikungan yang tidak memenuhi Rmin lebih kecil dari jari-jari tikungan dan disarankan untuk melakukan desain ulang. Tebal perkerasan mampu menahan tonase kendaraan dengan menggunakan metode Manual Desain Perkerasan (MDP) 2017.
Proposed Marketing Strategy to Increase Sales Snack Food Popcorn (Case Study: Karmellow)
Authors:   School of Business Management, Institute Technology Bandung, Indonesia, Rasyid Muhamad Fadlan , Wibowo Satya Aditya ,   School of Business Management, Institute Technology Bandung, Indonesia
Published: February 2024

Karmellow is one of the popcorn snacks produced by PT Suara Matahari Trading (SUMATRA Group). Karmellow has three flavours of popcorn in 20 grams at an affordable price. Based on the research, there is a demand for snack food, especially popcorn, for consumers in Indonesia due to increasing snack food sales and the increasing global market size of popcorn snacks. However, the trendline of sales of Karmellow popcorn is declining, and the awareness of Karmellow is considered low. Therefore, this research was conducted to help Karmellow increase sales and brand awareness by creating an excellent marketing strategy. In this research, both qualitative and quantitative methods are used. In-depth interviews were conducted with the COO and employees of SUMATRA to know the internal conditions. Secondary data, such as textbooks, was also gathered to determine the external conditions. Besides this, the research also distributed online questionnaires to 252 respondents. This research results in the new segmentation, targeting, and positioning for Karmellow and a new marketing mix (4Ps), such as product, place, price, and promotion, as the proposed marketing strategy for Karmellow. It can be concluded that Karmellow has an opportunity in Indonesia but needs several marketing strategies.
Land Procurement for Public Interest by Mining Andesite for the Construction of the Bener Dam
Authors:   Faculty of Law, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Indonesia, Sodikin Sodikin , Muhammad Abdul Azis ,   Faculty of Law, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Indonesia
Published: February 2024

Land procurement for public purposes carried out by the government is regulated in statutory regulations, and the existence of these statutory regulations is intended to provide legal certainty regarding land ownership. In reality, land procurement for public purposes in Wadas village has caused conflict and there is no certainty in resolving it. The problem is efforts to resolve disputes between the government and the residents of Wadas village. The research method used is descriptive-normative with a qualitative model. The results of the research explain that conflicts over land procurement for the public interest are complicated and never subside due to regulatory weaknesses and errors in the application of land law so that in implementation the interests of land rights holders are not protected with certainty. Apart from that, the lack of political stability and very high government authority also causes land issues to be neglected.
The Role of Indonesia in Strengthening the Concept of “We Feeling” and ASEAN Identity in the 2023 ASEAN Chairmanship
Authors:   Bachelor of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Nasional, Dewanto Diva Devina , Saragih Hendra Maujana ,   Lecturer of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Nasional
Published: February 2024

This research explores Indonesia's role as the Chair of ASEAN in 2023 in promoting the concept of "We Feeling" and revitalizing the collective identity of ASEAN. Through a comprehensive analysis of Indonesia's diplomatic efforts, the policy framework it has implemented, and its active engagement at the regional level during its tenure as ASEAN Chair, this study reveals Indonesia's key role in strengthening the sense of unity, common goals, and solidarity among ASEAN member states. The research also investigates the strategies employed by Indonesia to facilitate open dialogue, enhance intra-regional cooperation, and address common challenges with the ultimate goal of reinforcing the spirit of the united ASEAN community, known as the ASEAN Community. Furthermore, this abstract explains the significance of the concept of ASEAN Centrality and Indonesia's crucial role in upholding it during its ASEAN Chairmanship. This study provides a profound understanding of Indonesia's role in guiding ASEAN toward a more cohesive, united, and relevant future. The concept of "We Feeling" serves as the foundation for these efforts, fostering closer relationships among member states and reflecting upon ASEAN's collective identity in the context of increasingly close regional cooperation.
Substance Use and Psychological Distress. The Experience of Tricycle Riders in Egor Local Government Area in Benin City
Authors:   Department of Mental Health, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria, Uwadiae Enobakhare , Aina Israel O ,   Department of Mental Health, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Published: February 2024

Purpose: Drivers of tricycles work for long hours and this can have an effect on the psychological status of the drivers. They may also be exposed to substance use. This study examined substance use and psychological distress among tricycle drivers in Egor Local Government Area (LGA) in Benin City, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive survey that assessed the health status of the respondents using the General Health Questionnaire. The respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics and pattern of substance use was also assessed. Results: Majority, 58 (70.7%) were married and consumed alcohol 50 (61%). About 25 (30.5%) drank alcohol daily and beer was the commonest form of alcohol consumed 29 (35.4%). A few, 11 (13.4%) drink multiple substances. Though the majority of the respondents, 58 (70.7%), used different forms of psychoactive substances, those who consume alcohol were significantly more (X2=8.741, df=1, p=0.003). Some form of psychological distress was present in 52 (63.4%) of the drivers. There was no statistically significant relationship between substance use and psychological distress in the respondents (X2=0.714 df=1 p=0.398). Conclusion: Majority of the respondents consume alcohol daily and have some level of psychological distress which could not be attributed to the use of psychoactive substances alone. Keywords: Psychological distress, driving, substance, experience, tricycle
Effects of a co-processed novel multifunctional excipient on the tablet properties of metronidazole
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharm. Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Mohammed Boma B , Isah Adamu B ,   Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharm. Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Allagh Teryilla S ,   Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharm. Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Builders Philip F ,   National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research & Development (NIPRD) Garki, Abuja
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The objective of this work was to formulate and determine the effects of a co-processed novel, multifunctional pharmaceutical excipient on tablet parameters of metronidazole tablets produced by direct compression. Methods: The excipient was prepared by co-processing lactose, mucin and gelatin in a ratio of 90:1:9, dried and pulverized into powder using the co-fusion method. The excipient formulated was characterized using Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR). The excipient was used to prepare metronidazole tablets and compared with other modified excipients like Cellactose® and Spray dried lactose®. Parameters evaluated on tablets include crushing strength, friability, disintegration, tablet assay and in-vitro studies. Results: DSC analysis revealed a crystalline excipient due to the high content of lactose in the formulation while FTIR showed no interaction between the excipient and metronidazole showing compatibility. Tablets prepared had an average weight of 0.49 g, crushing strength of 4.3 KgF, friability of 0.65 %, disintegration time of 14 min and time taken for 50 % of the drug to be released was 14 min. Conclusion: A multifunctional co-processed excipient having a filler-binder-lubricant property was prepared. The drug-excipient ratio (40:60) of the co-processed excipient gave pharmaceutically acceptable tablets that met the British Pharmacopoeia specifications as well as compared well with the modified excipients used due to improvement in the flow property as a result of co-processing. Keywords: co-processing, excipient, metronidazole, co-fusion
Antimicrobial utilization in University of Benin Health Care Centre, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin Benin City, Babaiwa Upe F , Osayande Violet A ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin Benin City, Aghahowa Maria A ,   Pharmacy Department, University of Benin Health Services; University of Benin, Benin City, Eraga Sylvester O ,   Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Akerele John O ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin Benin City
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The study evaluated the antimicrobial utilizations pattern in the University of Benin Health Centre, with a view to appraising the level of compliance of the Centre to WHO guidelines for rational use of antimicrobial agents. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional prospective study of case files of 200 patients who attended the health centre from 30th May to June 29th 2017. A data collection form was used to collect the following information; name of antibiotics prescribed, indication for use, pattern of combination therapy, justification for antibiotic prescription (laboratory investigation), cost of antibiotic utilization as well as the age and gender of patients. All the case files of patients who were prescribed antibiotics during the study period were screened. Results: A total of 200 prescription encounters were evaluated. Children aged 0-9 years and young adults (20-39 years) were the highest recipients of antibiotics while patients aged 60 years and above received the least number of antibiotics. Malaria fever (31.8%) and respiratory tract infections (28.0%) accounted for the indications that received the highest number of antibiotic prescriptions among the 10 indications for antibiotic utilization. Beta-lactam antibiotics were the most prescribed class of antibiotics both in combination and as a single therapy. The average number of medicines per prescription was 3.71 and percentage of antibiotic prescriptions was 34.2%. Generic prescribing was at 38.0%, while laboratory investigations was 8.5%. However, the percentage cost of encounter was 30.6%. Conclusions: The low rate of percentage cost of antibiotics was rational in comparison with WHO standard range. But the higher than recommended standard for indicators such as average number of medicines per encounter, percentage of antibiotics prescribed and low rate of laboratory investigations implies irrational prescribing. Brand name prescribing was also common and irrational. Thus, there is high rate of irrational prescribing of antibiotics in the study centre and this could further worsen the burden of microbial resistances to these antibiotics. Keywords: Antimicrobials, compliance, guidelines, utilization
Phytochemical screening, antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of the root bark extract and fractions of Cola rostrata (Sterculiaceae) K. Schum. in MCF-7 cell line
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria, Odion Emmanuel E , Lutz Nanja E ,   University of Rostock Medical Faculty, Department of Cell Biology, Schillingallee 69, 18057 Rostock, Germany, Falodun Abiodun ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria, Adelusi Sunday A ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Published: February 2024

Background: Some Cola species are used in folklore medicine for the management of cancer related illnesses; thus, the objective of this work was to determine the phytochemical constituents, anti-proliferative and apoptotic activities of crude extract and fractions from the root bark of Cola rostrata on MCF-7 cells line. Methods: The root bark of Cola rostrate was collected, identified, cleaned, air dried, pulverized, extracted with methanol and fractionated into petroleum ether, chloroform, ethylacetate and butanol and these fractions were concentrated in vacuo. The MCF-7 cells lines were treated with 10 µg/ml of the crude extract and fractions of Cola rostrata. Results: The cells cycle progression showed that the crude extract had an apoptotic activity with 15.96 % of cells undergoing apoptosis as compared to 6.26 % of cells treated with DMSO, showing 9.70 % increase in population of apoptotic cells (P < 0.001). Also chloroform fraction treated MCF-7 cells gave 30.30 % proliferation which showed a significant decrease when it was compared with DMSO treated cells of 39.34 %, indicating 9.04 % reduction in proliferative cells (P < 0.01). Conclusion: These results provide evidence that Cola rostrata crude extract induces antiproliferative action, while the chloroform fraction induces apoptotic activity in MCF-7 cell line and could be used in the management of MCF-7 cell line ailments. Keywords: Cola rostrata, MCF-7, Flow cytometer, Apoptosis, Antiproliferation
Assessment of the binding properties of methyl starch obtained from Ipomoea batatas in paracetamol tablet formulations
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria, Achor Mohammed , Maduako Shadrack J ,   Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The study assessed the binding property of methyl starch obtained from Ipomoea batatas starch compared to maize starch BP (MS). Methods: Ipomoea batatas starch (IBS) was extracted and reacted with dimethyl sulphate to obtain methyl starch (IMS). The physicochemical and micromeritic properties of the starches were determined using standard methods prior to formulation of paracetamol tablets with the starches and maize starch BP as binder. The formulated tablets were assessed for their weight variation, crushing strength, friability, disintegration and drug release profile. Results: The degree of substitution of IMS produced was 0.6 and the reaction efficiency was 20%. The swelling and hydration capacities of IMS and IBS were 34.52, 14.38% and 1.66, 1.88%, respectively. The micromeritic parameters; bulk density (0.53 g/mL), tapped density (0.55 g/mL), Carr’s index (3.64%), Hausner’s ratio (1.04), true density (2.11 g/mL) and powder porosity (2.30) of IMS were superior to those of IBS. The crushing strength and friabilityof the paracetamol tablets formulated with IMS were mechanically stronger than those of IBS and MS. Drug release from tablets formulated with IMS was however lower than those of IBS and MS. Conclusion: The result of quality assessment of the tablets produced established IMS as suitable binder in comparison to IBS and MS in the formulation of paracetamol tablets in view of its improved crushing strength and reduced friability. Keywords: Methyl starch, binder, tablet formulation, Ipomoea batatas
Antiretroviral drug adverse reactions among HIV-positive patients at a tertiary care hospital in North-Eastern Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria, and Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Bello Shakirat I , Ohieku John D ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria, Ikunaiye Nasiru Y ,   Antiretroviral/Infectious Disease Pharmacy Unit, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria, Kida Ibrahim M ,   Infectious Disease Unit, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among patients on antiretroviral drugs in a tertiary healthcare facility in Maiduguri, North-Eastern Nigeria. Methods: The study was conducted among HIV-positive participants using validated questionnaires and personal interviews to obtain information on ADRs. Participants’ case notes were used to capture data on socio-demographic characteristics, clinical variables, and treatment profiles. The data collected were analyzed with STATA 10 software using logistic regression and descriptive analyses. Results: The prevalence rate of ADRs was 26.6% among 134 patients. Gastrointestinal system disorders 40(8.0%), central and peripheral nervous system 38(7.5%), and systemic signs and symptoms 37(7.3%) were the most common clinical ADRs observed. Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Nevirapine combination therapy was mostly implicated for the ADRs. Logistic regression analysis showed that the occurrence of ADRs was associated with marital status, viral load, and Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Nevirapine therapy. Conclusion: The prevalence of ADRs reported in this study was low. Most of the patients with ADRs had mild effects. Marital status, viral load, and Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Nevirapine contributed to the development of the ADRs. There is a need to closely monitor HIV-infected patients by caregivers to further reduce the prevalence of ADRs and concomitant risks. Keywords: Antiretrovirals, dolutegravir, gastrointestinal system, human immunodeficiency virus
Antibacterial screening and isolation of compounds from Detarium microcarpum stem bark against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors:   Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria and H.E.J Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), Karachi, Pakistan, Salawu Kayode M , Wang Yan ,   H.E.J Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), Karachi, Pakistan, Maharjan Rukesh ,   H.E.J Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), Karachi, Pakistan, Ajaiyeoba Edith O ,   Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Published: February 2024

Purpose: Infectious diseases are leading cause of death globally and a primary cause of public health concern. The most worrisome aspect of microbial infection is the emergence of resistant strains of micro-organisms to commonly available antimicrobial agents. The emergences of resistant strains have added more pressure on the need to identify new agents that may be effective against resistant microbial strains. The focus of this study was to screen the crude extract and fractions of D. microcarpum stem bark for their antibacterial effects and isolate compounds with antibacterial activities. Methods: The stem bark of Detarium microcarpum was collected, authenticated, air dried, extracted into 70% methanol. The extract was fractionated successively into n-hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate. Concentrated extract and fractions were subjected to antibacterial assay using Microplate Alamar Blue Assay. Two compounds were isolated using column chromatographic techniques. The compounds were characterised using spectroscopic techniques and later subjected to antibacterial studies to determine their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results: The crude extract displayed weak antibacterial activity across the panel of test microorganisms while the fractions displayed antibacterial activity in order of decreasing polarity. Compounds isolated from dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions were identified as methyl gallate (compound 1) and catechin gallate (compound 2), respectively. Interestingly compounds 1 and 2 displayed anti-MRSA activity with compound 2 (MIC of 200 µg/mL) displayed anti-MRSA activity. Conclusion: Antibacterial and chromatographic analysis of D. microcarpum stem bark led to identification of compounds active against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus. Keywords: Detarium microcarpum, Antibacterial activity Methyl gallate, Catechin gallate
GC-MS analysis and invitro cytotoxic activity of Syzygium aromaticum volatile oil and its major constituent - eugenol
Authors:   Departments of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, 300001, Nigeria, Imade Rose O , Ayinde Buniyamin A ,   Departments of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, 300001, Nigeria
Published: February 2024

Purpose: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. Syzygium aromaticum flower buds have found application as a spice and for medicinal purposes around the world. In this research, we investigated the essential oil and its major constituent, eugenol for cytotoxic activity against breast (AU 565) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines. Methods: The oil was extracted and tested for cytotoxic effect on brine shrimp of Artemia salina (10-1000 μg/mL) and against the cell lines. Chromatographic separation of the oil was carried out and the resulting fractions screened for growth inhibitory activity using radicles of Sorghum bicolor seeds (0.25 mg/mL) as well as cytotoxicity on the cell lines with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The oil and active subfraction were subjected to GCMS studies. Results: Our results demonstrated that the essential oil showed cytotoxic activities against A. salina nauplii, with LC50 of 143.17 μg/mL obtained. Growth inhibitory activity of the fractions against S. bicolor seed radicles was remarkable with subfraction 2 showing high potency. The oil and active subfraction possessed moderate cytotoxicity on AU 565 cell line but no inhibition was observed with HeLa cells. Eugenol was revealed to be the major constituent of the oil (64.84%) and was increased to 82.62% in the subfraction. Conclusion: These results suggest that S. aromaticum oil and its major constituent, eugenol possess moderate cytotoxic properties against AU 565 cells but not HeLa cells. This necessitates further investigation against other cancer cell lines. Keywords: Cytotoxic, AU565, HeLa, volatile oil, Syzygium aromaticum, eugenol
Epidemiological, Substance use Profile and Psychological Outcomes in Methanol Intoxicated Patients
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Resident Doctor, Ibn el Jazzar Hospital, Kairouan, Tunisia, Jaballah Fares
Published: February 2024

Background: The use of psychoactive substances (PAS) is nowadays a priority in the field of psychiatric research. It is a public health problem linked to dependence and mental health disorders in terms of causality and co-morbidity. Objective: To establish the epidemiological profile , assess the dependence on alcohol and other psychoactive substances in subjects consulting for acute intoxication with methanol, and study the prevalence of anxiety and depression in these patients. Methods: In order to better understand the phenomenon of PAS consumption among young adults, we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among patients who presented an acute collective intoxication with methanol-based cologne in May 2020 in Hajeb El Ayoun in Kairouan, Tunisia. Results: Patients had a particular epidemiological status in terms of numerous criteria. PAS addiction prevalence was among the majority of participants including alcohol, cannabis, and drugs (respectively 86%, 69.8%, 46.5%). Also, depression and anxiety evaluation rates were high (more than 79% for definite symptomatology). Furthermore, we found a statistically significant association between anxiety and alcohol dependence (p=0.032), and depression and addiction to a medication or a drug (p=0.017). Conclusions: It is essential to set up strategies to prevent the consumption of PAS to avoid its harmful consequences. Moreover, Determining factors associated with this addiction could allow us to pay attention to the vulnerable subjects to make the screening much easier and more accessible to prevent the occurrence of mental disorders such as anxiety and depression.
Enhancing Fleet Management: A Novel Approach to Vehicle-Device Association using Mobile Administration
Authors:   Director Engineering, Maven Machines, Nyati Sahil
Published: February 2024

This paper presents an innovative approach to managing Vehicle-Device Associations (VDAs) within a fleet management system, utilizing a specialized mobile user role known as “VDA Mobile Admin”. The focus is on enabling these administrators to create and manage relationships between VDAs and vehicles directly from their mobile devices. This approach aims to enhance operational efficiency and data accuracy in fleet management systems.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A QUESTIONNAIRE THAT SURVEYED DENTAL ASSISTANTS’ KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES OF INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES WITHIN SOUTH AFRICAN ORAL HEALTHCARE FACILITIES
Authors:   Central University of Technology, Gleimius HLC , Schoonwyk PM
Published: February 2024

Objective: In-depth research was conducted to find a suitable tool for measuring the knowledge, attitude, and practice of infection prevention and control (IPC) among dental assistants within oral healthcare facilities (OHCFs) in South Africa. However, the results were unsatisfactory, indicating the need to develop and validate a unique questionnaire for this purpose. This article explains the process followed to develop and validate a questionnaire designed to survey knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) in Health Sciences. Methods: To develop and validate a questionnaire, the researcher conducted a literature review to understand the process involved. The initial version of the questionnaire was then drafted. In order to assess its reliability and validity, both objective and subjective evaluations were conducted. A total of 25 individuals formed part of the respective review panels, including five academics, two infection prevention and control experts, five dentists, seven oral hygienists, and six dental assistants from public and private OHCFs. These individuals performed the subjective evaluations of the draft questionnaire. The draft questionnaire was then administered to a group of 60 dental students from the Central University of Technology (CUT). The data obtained from this group enabled the researcher to perform further objective evaluations by applying statistical measures using a Microsoft Excel programme. The reliability of items in the Knowledge domain was determined by the Kuder Richardson (KR20) test, with Cronbach’s alpha applied to items within the Attitude and Practice domains. A conservative approach to the interrater agreement (IRA) assessed the overall reliability. A panel of reviewers determined the face validity. Content validity was determined by the average congruency percentage (ACP), item content validity (I-CVI) and scale content validity (S-CVI). Results: The final questionnaire addressed seven IPC themes and encompassed 188 items. The tests to determine the instrument’s reliability yielded satisfactory results. The KR-20 score ranged between 0.94 and 0.65. The Cronbach’s alpha for items probing Attitude ranged between 0.99 and 0.86, and Cronbach’s alpha for items investigating IPC practices ranged between 0.97 and 0.69. The alternative approach to the IRA yielded 91%, and the conservative approach was 74%. Similarly, the tests to determine the validity of the questionnaire also yielded satisfactory results, with an ACP of 94%, above 90% I-CVI for readability, clarity, and feasibility and the S-CVI of 74%. Conclusion: The results of the reliability and validity tests confirmed that the questionnaire is suitable to measure the IPC knowledge, attitude, and practice of dental assistants.
PROMOTING ENGAGED SCHOLARSHIP THROUGH DIGITAL STORYTELLING: AN EVALUATION OF RHODES UNIVERSITY COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT SOCIAL INNOVATION HUB
Authors:   Rhodes University, Matyobeni T , Maistry S
Published: February 2024

Social innovation involves community members identifying community assets and taking the initiative to implement development projects through community participation and fostering social cohesion. Social cohesion is the tendency for community members to engage meaningfully and share ideas, knowledge and resources regardless of differences. In postcolonial societies such as South Africa, with racialised class divisions and inadequate access to basic public services, social innovation contributes to community development and action against injustices. Rhodes University, through its Community Engagement division, explored the use of digital social innovation, namely digital storytelling, to stimulate social innovation and cohesion in the Makhanda community. This paper reflects on the impact of this project on previous participants a year after its implementation, using questionnaires and textual analysis. The findings reveal that, in this instance, digital storytelling did contribute to fostering social cohesion through the story circle process.
Navigating Uncertainty and Change in Educational Management
Authors: Yreck Stephan
Published: February 2024

This examine makes use of integrative strategies to inspire adaptive learning, data-primarily based choice making, stakeholder participation, and communique approximately the significance of educational control. If they're to acquire superb consequences in addressing evolving challenges, together with the impact of generation, converting demographics, and academic exchange, educational leaders should abandon their apathy. The adaptive management philosophy, which emphasizes flexibility, variety, and innovation, lays the inspiration for organizational change and transformation. Emerging as a transformational pressure, statistics-driven policy formula enables policymakers to analyze developments, anticipate issues, and control assets strategically. Transparency, collaboration, and recognition are vital to growing communique interests and stakeholders. By combining those techniques and procedures, academic leaders have the opportunity to paintings holistically to resolve the hassle of now not most effective declining enrollment however also to construct mature, accountable, and responsive gaining knowledge of communities. This incorporated approach is crucial to building educational institutions which could offer tremendous schooling at low-priced costs to everybody in line with usual academic boom.
Drivers of Gender Imbalance in the Senior Management of the Parliamentary Service Commission of Kenya
Authors: Musili Fiona
Published: February 2024

Purpose: There have been several studies focussing on gender imbalance among the political leadership in Kenya and the internal workings of the Parliament of Kenya, however, minimal attention has been given to the leadership of the PSC employees. The objectives of this study were to analyse the extent to which promotion criteria, organizational politics, and corporate norms drive gender imbalance in the senior management of PSC.

Materials and Methods: A descriptive research design guided the study. The research adopted the Skills theory of Leadership and the African Feminism theory. The study population was the permanent and pensionable employees of the PSC. Interviews and a structured questionnaire were used to collect the data efficiently and effectively. The study applied both descriptive and inferential analysis.

Findings: The study concluded that practices entrenched in the overall organization politics, corporate norms and promotion criteria do significantly influence gender imbalance at the PSC. Individually, the study found out that only promotion criteria had a significant effect on the gender imbalance at the PSC. Specifically, supporting inclusive promotion criteria will help in reducing gender imbalance at the workplace as it will foster better gender representation in positions of senior management. The study found out that organization politics and corporate norms have an insignificant effect on gender imbalance at the PSC.

Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study, therefore, recommended that supporting inclusive promotion criteria will help in reducing gender imbalance at the PSC as it will foster better gender representation in positions of senior management. Further, the PSC should consider using affirmative action in the selection of their senior management to achieve the two-thirds gender principle. Another recommendation is that the PSC needs to implement and enforce a gender policy, as provided for in its Strategic Plan. This policy needs to be well communicated and disseminated to all employees. The study recognizes the importance of mentorship and coaching programs in shaping women’s views and perceptions of leadership and in building their confidence.
Talabalarni mustaqil hayotga tayyorlashda Fitratning “Oila” asarining ahamiyati
Authors: Ismoilova Marhabo
Published: February 2024

Maqolada muhim ahamiyatga ega bo‘lib borayotgan zamonaviy pedagogik ta’limda talabalarni mustaqil hayotga tayyorlashning ilmiy-nazariy  asoslarini takomillashtirish, Abdurauf Fitratning “Oila” asari asosida ijtimoiy oila ko‘nikmasiga asosiy e’tibor qaratilmoqda. Xalqaro tadqiqotlar ham talabalar hayotiy ko‘nikmalarning rivojlanganlik darajalarini turli aspektlarda tekshirib ko‘rilmoqda. Jumladan, talabalarni oilaga tayorlashda ijtimoiy pedagogik ko‘nikma va malakalarini rivojlantirishda amaldagi Pedagogika nazariyasi va tarixi, Ijtimoiy pedagogka, Tarbiya  darsliklari o‘zi bilan chegaralanib qolinmoqda. Xulosa qismida talabalarni mustaqil hayotga tayyorlashning ilmiy-nazariy  asoslarini Oila asari asosida metodik takomillashtirish bo‘yicha takliflar bayon qilingan.
Korrupsiyaning niqoblangan shakli – “sovg‘a”ning ilmiy-nazariy talqini xususida
Authors: Mirzayev Rahmatulla
Published: February 2024

Ushbu maqolada hozirgi kunda ilmiy hamjamiyat tomonidan ta’lim tizimida korrupsiyaga qarshi kurashish bo‘yicha ko‘pgina samarali mexanizmlar ishlab chiqilganligi va qo‘llanilayotganligi haqida so‘z boradi. Shuningdek, ta’lim muassasasida pedagoglar uchun axloq kodeksini ishlab chiqish jiddiy va mas’uliyatli ish ekanligi, ushbu hujjatda pedagogning kasbiy faoliyatida axloqiy xulq-atvorining barcha mumkin bo‘lgan jihatlarini ko‘rsatish muhim ahamiyat kasb etishi  to‘g‘risida fikrlar yuritilgan.
Талабаларнинг ахлоқий маданиятини юксалтиришнинг тарбиявий жараён билан уйғунлиги
Authors: Сатторова Дилдор
Published: February 2024

Ушбу мақолада бугунги кунда талабаларнинг ахлоқий  маданиятини тарбиялашдаги омиллар ва мамлакатимизда олиб борилаётган ишлар, қабул қилинаётган  қонунлар уларни ўрганиш,  олий таълим тизимида олиб борилган чуқур ислоҳотлар профессор-ўқитувчиларнинг илмий фаолиятини янада жадаллаштириш имкониятларини кенгайтирилганлиги, уларни ёшлар билан иш олиб бориш, шахс  ахлоқий маданияти ривожланишининг ўзига хос хусусиятидан бири эканлиги ҳақида маълумотлар берилган.
Ёшлар ўртасида терроризм ва экстремизм ғояларининг тарқалишига қарши курашишда божхона органларининг роли
Authors: Раҳимов Сарварбек
Published: February 2024

Божхона органлари ҳуқуқни муҳофаза қилувчи орган сифатида давлатнинг иқтисодий хавфсизлигини ҳимоя қилишда юзага келаётган ички ва ташқи таҳдидларни олдиндан аниқлаш, бартараф этиш вазифасини бажариш билан бир қаторда мамлакат келажаги ва хавфсизлигига рахна солувчи терроризм ва экстремизм каби иллатларга ҳам қарши курашмоқда. Мазкур иллатларнинг ёшлар ўртасида кенг ёйилишини олдини олишга барча бирдек масъул бўлганлиги сабабли, божхона органлари ҳам бу борада самарали фаолият юритиши лозим бўлади. Мақолада ёшлар ўртасида терроризм ва экстремизмни тарқалишига қарши курашиш бўйича амалга оширилаётган чора-тадбирлар, аниқланаётган янги тенденциялар, ёшларга “жозибадор” қилиб кўрсатилаётган жиҳоднинг асл мазмуни ва моҳияти, божхона органларининг соҳага оид фаолияти ёритилган.
The fight against corruption is the main requirement for building an economically and politically stable state (experience in China, Japan, and Germany)
Authors: Muminkhujaev Abrorkhuja
Published: February 2024

The article examines a pressing problem of modern society and the state - the fight against corruption. The author notes that corruption began to manifest itself noticeably in the second half of the 20th century and by the beginning of the 21st century it had become a global threat. The work analyses the causes and factors contributing to the emergence of corruption, and presents the author's point of view on this problem. The article focuses on the experience of countries that have developed the most effective methods of combating corruption. The success of these states is analysed, many of which have achieved significant results in this area, despite the lack of a long history or deep spirituality. Particular attention is paid to the experience of China and Japan, countries close to Uzbekistan from the point of view of spirituality and history, as well as the experience of Germany after the second half of the 20th century. It examines how these countries' approaches, including legal, financial and governance aspects, differ from those of other countries and how they may be useful in the context of Uzbekistan. Overall, the article emphasizes the importance of studying and adapting successful international experiences in the fight against corruption.
Қурилиш соҳасида содир этиладиган жиноятларни тергов қилиш
Authors: Кораев Алишер
Published: February 2024

Ушбу илмий мақолада бугунги кунда долзарб мавзу: қурилиш соҳасида содир этиладиган жиноятлар, хусусан иқтисодий жиноятларни тергов қилишнинг криминалистик хусусиятлари муҳокама қилинади. Ушбу жиноятларнинг ўзига хос хусусиятлари ва уларни тергов қилиш фаолияти ўртасидаги боғлиқлик аниқланади. Бундай муносабат тергов учун услубий аҳамиятга эга эканлигига эътибор қаратилади. Шунингдек, мақолада қурилиш соҳасидаги иқтисодий жиноятларни фош этишнинг криминалистик жиҳатлари ҳам таҳлил қилинган.
Инсон манфаатлари ва унинг ҳуқуқларни кафолатлаш-демократик ислоҳотларнинг ривожланиш гарови
Authors: Салиев Умиджон
Published: February 2024

Мазкур мақолада инсон манфаатлари ва унинг ҳуқуқларни кафотлатлаш механизмлари, адолатли жамият ва демократик ислоҳотларни ривожланиш механизмлари ёритиб берилган.
Car depreciation: How much is new car worth after purchase in Uzbekistan?
Authors: Khudoyberdiev Alokhon
Published: February 2024

Depreciation of a car is a decrease in its value over time. World practice shows that depreciation depends on the car model, make, content and other factors, but depreciation of a new car can reach 20% (or even more) after purchase. In the local market of Uzbekistan due to shortage of supply budget cars, the demand is high. UzAuto Motors is only budget car manufacturer in the country. At the end of November 2023, in the secondary market offer price of new cars is less than one in the primary market. In this article this case was analyzed, calculated the real paying price (in USD) of UzAuto Motors cars (Onix PR2) considering waiting time. It is found that nowadays people cannot make profit from resale.
К вопросу об информационной культуре личности в современном обществе
Authors: Юсупов Акмал
Published: February 2024

В статье рассматриваются цифровые стратегии по использованию новых технологий образовательного процесса, влияющие на становление информационной культуры личности в современном обществе.
Ant’ye, mantissa va uning tatbiqlari
Authors: Bobojonov Hamid , Hayitboyeva Hayriniso
Published: February 2024

Ushbu maqolada ant’ye va mantissa  mavzusiga doir nazariy va amaliy ma’lumotlar hamda isbotlar algebra va sonlar nazariyasidan keltirilgan.Bir necha  tipik hamda olimpiada darajasidagi  masalalarni   ant’ye va mantissaning xossalaridan foydalangan  holda yechish metodlari tavsiya qilingan.
Maktabgacha yoshdagi bolalarning ekologik madaniyatini shakllantirish
Authors: Bekchanova Feruza
Published: February 2024

Mazkur maqolada hozirgi davrda ekologik vaziyat, ekologik muammoning insoniyatga xavf tug‘dirayotgan hodisalardan biri ekanligi hamda atrof-muhitning jamiyat bilan buzilgan aloqasi jamiyatimiz uchun katta tashvish keltirib chiqarayotgani, ushbu muammoning yechimlari haqida ma’lumotlar keltirilgan.
Maktabgacha ta’lim tashkilotlarida Pape-mash’e (g‘ijimlangan qog‘oz) usuli
Authors: Yaqubova Muhabbat
Published: February 2024

Mazkur maqola maktabgacha ta’lim tashkiloti tarbiyachilari uchun mo‘ljallangan bo‘lib, maktabgacha ta’lim tashkilotlarida tasviriy faoliyatning Pape-mash’e (g‘ijimlangan qog‘oz) usulida faoliyatlarini to‘g‘ri tashkil etish va ularni amalyotda qo‘llash hamda o‘tkazish metodikasi yoritib berilgan.
The struggle of the Uzbek intelligentsia for the realization of national identity in the media in the 80s of the 20th century
Authors: Juraev Utkir
Published: February 2024

This article examines the struggle of the Uzbek intelligentsia for the realization of national identity in the media. Problems related to agricultural ecology, national language and literature, and traditions of the republic are highlighted in journalistic articles and their struggle in this direction is analyzed.
Ички ишлар органлари ходимларининг ижтимоий ҳимоясини такомиллаштиришнинг айрим жиҳатлари
Authors: Раджапова Лола
Published: February 2024

Мазкур мақолада ички ишлар органлари ходимларининг ижтимоий таъминотининг айрим турлари таҳлили ёритилган. Шу билан бирга, ички ишлар органлари ходимларнинг ижтимоий ҳимоясидаги пенсия таъминотининг аҳамияти баён қилинган. Бундан ташқари, ички ишлар органлари ходимларининг ижтимоий ҳимоясига оид айрим таклифлар келтирилган.
Ish hаqidаn ushlаb qolish аsoslаri va tartibi
Authors: Usmanova Dilrabo
Published: February 2024

Ushbu maqolada mehnatga haq to‘lash va ish haqi tushunchalari, ish haqidan ushlab qolish asoslari va tartibi, ish haqidan ushlab qolishga o‘rnatilgan cheklovlar milliy qonunchilikni tahlil qilish va xorijiy mamlakatlar qonunchiligi bilan qiyoslash asosida o‘rganilib, u mehnat shartnomasi taraflarining huquq va majburiyatlari ko‘rib chiqilgan. Ish haqidan ushlab qolish bo‘yicha xodimning roziligi va roziligi olinmaydigan holatlarga bo‘linishining asosliligi masalasiga huquqiy baho berilgan.
Правовое регулирование инсайдерской торговли по законодательству Республики Узбекистан
Authors: Батирова Камола
Published: February 2024

Целью данной статьи является анализ подходов к регулированию инсайдерской торговли на рынке ценных бумаг, понятия и природы инсайдерской торговли по законодательству Узбекистана, сравнение существующих норм регулирования инсайдерской торговли по законодательству стран Содружества независимых государств.
По итогам изучения вышеназванных объектов, обнаружено что вообще имеются два научных подхода к регулированию инсайдерской торговли. По первому подходу, такая торговля должна быть строго регулирована, а по второму, такой вид торговли, наоборот, способствует развитию рынка и по этой причине не должна строго регулироваться.
Также установлено, что почти во всех странах СНГ установлена уголовная ответственность за инсайдерскую торговлю на рынке ценных бумаг, в то время как в законодательстве Узбекистана нет ответственности за такой вид противоправного деяния. К тому же, в законодательных актах в сфере рынка ценных бумаг, нет норм, которые конкретно устанавливали бы виды инсайдерской информации, и кто является инсайдером по отношению к компании.
Developing professional communicative competence in teaching foreign language
Authors: Usmanova Dilnoza
Published: February 2024

The article considers general tendencies in world and national education, and both principles and methods of forming professional, communicative, and intercultural competencies and in the process of teaching foreign language for professional purposes in the conditions of engineering, economic, and other non-linguistic specialties at technical university. The article views some essential issues of this competence including awareness of pedagogical values, the construction of the pedagogical process, pedagogical communication and behavior; pedagogical technology, its essence, structural components, understanding of innovative components of professional activity, and requirements for the design and engineering of pedagogical technologies.
Guidelines for designing effective language teaching materials
Authors: Fedotova Kristina
Published: February 2024

This article investigates the problem of developing guidelines, manuals for effective teaching aids in teaching a foreign language to students in order to form foreign language communicative competencies. Moreover, the article discusses the requirements that must be observed when creating effective teaching aids. In the example of the educational and methodological manuals, the main principles and parameters that teachers should take into account in the process of writing teaching aids due to the transition to new educational standards. The educational and methodological manuals are the result of productive and systematic work, which requires time, as well as the cooperation of teachers, methodologists, and specialists in the field of information and communication technologies. In the article, the educational and methodological manual is complex, since it offers tasks for practicing and improving all types of speech activity: reading, listening, speaking, and writing.
Асоссиз бойлик орттиришдан келиб чиқадиган мажбуриятларга нисбатан ёндашувларнинг таҳлили
Authors: Алимов Акмал
Published: February 2024

Мақолада асоссиз бойлик орттиришдан келиб чиқадиган мажбуриятларнинг шаклланиши, унинг аҳамияти, тоифалари, унга нисбатан ҳуқуқ тизимларидаги ёндашувлар ҳамда хорижий ва маҳаллий олимларимизнинг фикрлари таҳлил қилинган. Бугунги ривожланган ҳуқуқий тизимларда асоссиз орттирилган бойликни қайтариш мажбуриятига нисбатан бир нечта ёндашувлар шаклланганлиги ва улар ҳам Рим ҳуқуқида шаклланган қоидаларнинг ўзгарган ёки классик шакли қабул қилинганлиги ёхуд турли механизмларни ўзида жамлаган аралаш кўринишлари билан ифодаланади. Асоссиз ортирилган бойликни қайтаришга нисбатан дастлабки ёндашувнинг мазмунида ушбу контрукциянинг иккиламчи, қўшимча (субсидиар)лиги ётади. Шу билан бирга, мақолада асоссиз бойлик орттиришга нисбатан қўлланиши мумкин бўлган даъво турлари ва уларнинг бир-биридан  фарқи ҳам ёритилган.