bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advection (non-climate) impact on the South Pole Ice Core
Authors: Fudge Tyler J. , Lilien David A. , Koutnik Michelle , Conway Howard , Stevens C. Max , Waddington Edwin D. , Steig Eric J. , Schauer Andrew J.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. The South Pole Ice Core (SPICEcore), which spans the past 54,300 years, was drilled far from an ice divide such that ice recovered at depth originated at a location upstream of the current core site. If the climate is different upstream, the climate history recovered from the core will be a combination of the upstream conditions advected to the core site and the temporal changes we seek to recover. Here, we evaluate the impact of ice advection on two fundamental records from SPICEcore: accumulation rate and water isotopes. We determined the past locations of ice deposition based on GPS measurements of the modern velocity field spanning 100 km upstream where ice of ~ 20 ka age would likely have originated. Beyond 100 km, there are no velocity measurements, but ice likely originates from Titan Dome, an additional 90 km distant. Shallow radar measurements extending 100 km upstream from the core site reveal large (~ 20 %) variations in accumulation but no significant trend. Water isotope ratios, measured at 12.5 km intervals for the first 100 km of the flowline, show a decrease with elevation (and distance upstream) of -0.008 ‰ m−1 for δ18O. Advection therefore adds approximately 1 ‰ for δ18O to the LGM-to-modern change. Assuming a lapse rate of 10 °C per km of elevation, the LGM-to-modern temperature change is ~ 1.5 °C greater than if the ice had been deposited at a fixed location.
Evaluation of human risks of surface water and groundwater contaminated with Cd and Pb in the southern El-Minya Governorate, Egypt
Authors: Salman Salman A. , Asmoay Ahmed A. , El-Gohary Amr , Sabet Hassan
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Water pollution with cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) is a worldwide concern because of their health impact. Determination of their concentrations and potential human health risks in surface water and groundwater in the southern El-Minya Governorate, Egypt, is the main aim of this study. Fifty-five samples were collected, 30 surface water samples and 25 groundwater samples. The samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry to determine Cd and Pb contents. Their levels in surface water and groundwater exceeded the maximum allowable level for drinking water set by the World Health Organization (WHO). The hazard quotient showed that the surface water and groundwater may pose a health risk to residents, especially to children.
The Depth Limit for the Formation and Occurrence of Fossil Fuel Resources
Authors: Pang Xiongqi , Jia Chengzao , Zhang Kun , Li Maowen , Wang Youwei , Peng Junwen , Li Boyuan , Chen Junqing
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Fossil resources are valuable wealth given to human beings by nature. Many mysteries related to them have been revealed such as the origin time and distribution area, but their vertical distribution depth has not been confirmed for people’s different understanding of their origin and the big depth variations from basin to basin. Geological and geochemical data of 13,634 source rock samples from 1,286 exploration wells in six representative petroliferous basins are examined to study their Active Source Rock Depth Limits (ASDL), defined in this study as the maximum burial depth of active source rocks beyond which the source rocks no longer generate or expel hydrocarbons and become inactive, to identify the maximum depth for fossil fuel resources distribution. Theoretically, the maximum depth for the ASDLs of fossil fuel resources ranges from 3,000 m to 16,000 m, while their thermal maturities (Ro) are almost the same with Ro≈3.5±0.5 %. A higher heat flow and more oil-prone kerogen are associated with a shallower ASDL. Active source rocks and the discovered 21.6 billion tons of reserves in six representative basins in China and 52,926 oil and gas reservoirs in the 1,186 basins over the world are found to be distributed above the ASDL, illustrating the universality of such kind of depth limit. The data are deposited in the repository of the PANGAEA database: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.900865 (Pang et al., 2019).
A versatile, linear complexity algorithm for flow routing in topographies with depressions
Authors: Cordonnier Guillaume , Bovy Benoît , Braun Jean
Published: June 2019

Abstract. We present a new algorithm for solving the common problem of flow trapped in closed depressions within digital elevation models, as encountered in many applications relying on flow routing. Unlike other approaches (e.g., the Priority-Flood depression filling algorithm), this solution is based on the explicit computation of the flow paths both within and across the depressions through the construction of a graph connecting together all adjacent drainage basins. Although this represents many operations, a linear time complexity can be reached for the whole computation, making it very efficient. Compared to the most optimized solutions proposed so far, we show that this algorithm of flow path enforcement yields the best performance when used in landscape evolution models. In addition to its efficiency, our proposed method also has the advantage of letting the user choose among different strategies of flow path enforcement within the depressions (i.e., filling vs. carving). Furthermore, the computed graph of basins is a generic structure that has the potential to be reused for solving other problems as well, such as the simulation of erosion. This sequential algorithm may be helpful for those who need to, e.g., process digital elevation models of moderate size on single computers or run batches of simulations as part of an inference study.
Simulating the effect of tillage practices with the global ecosystem model LPJmL (version 5.0-tillage)
Authors: Lutz Femke , Herzfeld Tobias , Heinke Jens , Rolinski Susanne , Schaphoff Sibyll , von Bloh Werner , Stoorvogel Jetse J. , Müller Christoph
Published: June 2019

Abstract. The effects of tillage on soil properties, crop productivity, and
global greenhouse gas emissions have been discussed in the last decades.
Global ecosystem models have limited capacity to simulate the various
effects of tillage. With respect to the decomposition of soil organic
matter, they either assume a constant increase due to tillage or they
ignore the effects of tillage. Hence, they do not allow for analysing the
effects of tillage and cannot evaluate, for example, reduced tillage or
no tillage (referred to here as “no-till”) practises as mitigation practices for climate change. In this paper, we
describe the implementation of tillage-related practices in the global
ecosystem model LPJmL. The extended model is evaluated against reported
differences between tillage and no-till management on several soil
properties. To this end, simulation results are compared with published
meta-analyses on tillage effects. In general, the model is able to reproduce
observed tillage effects on global, as well as regional, patterns of carbon
and water fluxes. However, modelled N fluxes deviate from the literature values and
need further study. The addition of the tillage module to LPJmL5 opens
up opportunities to assess the impact of agricultural soil management practices
under different scenarios with implications for agricultural productivity,
carbon sequestration, greenhouse gas emissions, and other environmental
indicators.
Technical note: A microcontroller-based automatic rain sampler for stable isotope studies
Authors: Michelsen Nils , Laube Gerrit , Friesen Jan , Weise Stephan M. , Bait Said Ali Bakhit Ali , Müller Thomas
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Automatic samplers represent a convenient way to gather
rain samples for isotope (δ18O and δ2H) and water
quality analyses. Yet, most commercial collectors are expensive and do not
reduce post-sampling evaporation and the associated isotope fractionation
sufficiently. Thus, we have developed a microcontroller-based automatic rain
sampler for timer-actuated collection of integral rain samples. Sampling
periods are freely selectable (minutes to weeks), and the device is low-cost,
simple, robust, and customizable. Moreover, a combination of design features
reliably minimizes evaporation from the collection bottles. Evaporative
losses were assessed by placing the pre-filled sampler in a laboratory oven
with which a diurnal temperature regime (21–31 ∘C) was simulated
for 26 weeks. At the end of the test, all bottles had lost less than 1 %
of the original water amount, and all isotope shifts were within the
analytical precision. These results show that even multi-week field deployments of the device
would result in rather small evaporative mass losses and isotope shifts.
Hence, we deem our sampler a useful addition to devices that are currently
commercially available and/or described in the scientific literature. To
enable reproduction, all relevant details on hard- and software are openly
accessible.
Effect of Quenching Media and Tempering Temperature on Fatigue Property and Fatigue Life Estimation Based on RBF Neural Network of 0.44 % Carbon Steel
Authors: Guo Song , Li Changyou , Shi Jingang , Luan Fangjun , Song Xiaoyu
Published: June 2019

Abstract. In this work, the effect of the quenching media (brine,
water, and two types of naphthenic mineral oils) and the tempering
temperature (200, 400, 600 ∘C) on the static mechanical properties
and the fatigue life has been investigated using 300 fatigue and 36 static
tension tests. S–N curves and standard deviations of fatigue life under each
heat treatment condition were calculated and shown. The fracture surfaces of
the selected 11 specimens were observed by the scanning electron microscope
and the reasons of affecting the fatigue life were discussed. To estimate
the mean fatigue life under the conditions of any given tempering
temperature and cycle stress amplitude based on 300 fatigue tests, the mean
fatigue life estimation method based on RBF neural network was presented and
verified by 12 other fatigue tests. The test results have shown that (1) the
mean fatigue life decreases with the increase of tempering temperature for
the same quenching media, (2) the mean fatigue life using brine is more than
water which is more than naphthenic mineral oils for the same tempering
temperature, and (3) the proposed method based on RBF neural network could
accurately estimate the mean fatigue life when the tempering temperature and
cyclic stress amplitude are given for each quenching medium.
Induced seismicity in geologic carbon storage
Authors: Vilarrasa Víctor , Carrera Jesus , Olivella Sebastià , Rutqvist Jonny , Laloui Lyesse
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Geologic carbon storage, as well as other geo-energy applications, such as
geothermal energy, seasonal natural gas storage and subsurface energy
storage imply fluid injection and/or extraction that causes changes in rock
stress field and may induce (micro)seismicity. If felt, seismicity has a
negative effect on public perception and may jeopardize wellbore stability
and damage infrastructure. Thus, induced earthquakes should be minimized to
successfully deploy geo-energies. However, numerous processes may trigger
induced seismicity, which contribute to making it complex and translates
into a limited forecast ability of current predictive models. We review the
triggering mechanisms of induced seismicity. Specifically, we analyze (1) the impact of pore pressure evolution and the effect that properties of the
injected fluid have on fracture and/or fault stability; (2) non-isothermal effects
caused by the fact that the injected fluid usually reaches the injection
formation at a lower temperature than that of the rock, inducing rock
contraction, thermal stress reduction and stress redistribution around the
cooled region; (3) local stress changes induced when low-permeability faults
cross the injection formation, which may reduce their stability and
eventually cause fault reactivation; (4) stress transfer caused by seismic
or aseismic slip; and (5) geochemical effects, which may be especially
relevant in carbonate-containing formations. We also review characterization
techniques developed by the authors to reduce the uncertainty in rock
properties and subsurface heterogeneity both for the screening of injection
sites and for the operation of projects. Based on the review, we propose a
methodology based on proper site characterization, monitoring and pressure
management to minimize induced seismicity.
An automated fracture trace detection technique using the complex shearlet transform
Authors: Prabhakaran Rahul , Bruna Pierre-Olivier , Bertotti Giovanni , Smeulders David
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Representing fractures explicitly using a discrete fracture network (DFN) approach is often necessary to model the complex physics that govern thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical processes (THMC) in porous media. DFNs find applications in modelling geothermal heat recovery, hydrocarbon exploitation, and groundwater flow. It is advantageous to construct DFNs from photogrammetry of fractured outcrop analogues as the DFNs would capture realistic, fracture network properties. Recent advances in drone photogrammetry have greatly simplified the process of acquiring outcrop images, and there is a remarkable increase in the volume of image data that can be routinely generated. However, manually digitizing fracture traces is tedious and inevitably subject to interpreter bias. Additionally, variations in interpretation style can result in different fracture network geometries, which, may then influence modelling results depending on the use-case of the fracture study. In this paper, an automated fracture trace detection technique is introduced. The method consists of ridge detection using the complex shearlet transform coupled with post-processing algorithms that threshold, skeletonize, and vectorize fracture traces. The technique is applied to the task of automatic trace extraction at varying scales of rock discontinuities, ranging from 100–102 m. We present automatic trace extraction results from three different fractured outcrop settings. The results indicate that the automated approach enables extraction of fracture patterns at a volume beyond what is manually feasible. Comparative analysis of automatically extracted results with manual interpretations demonstrates that the method can eliminate the subjectivity that is typically associated with manual interpretation. The proposed method augments the process of characterizing rock fractures from outcrops.
Zonificación de la susceptibilidad a los deslizamientos en la Cordillera de Guaniguanico, Cuba. Un aporte al ordenamiento del territorio
Authors: Cueto Gil Carlos Javier , Estévez Cruz Elmidio , Ordaz Hernández Alexis
Published: June 2019

La presente investigación está dirigida a identificar las áreas más susceptibles a la ocurrencia de deslizamientos en la Cordillera de Guaniguanico. La cartografía obtenida robustece los futuros planes de ordenamiento territorial para el sitio de estudio. Para lograr el objetivo se realizó un inventario de deslizamientos a partir de la fotointerpretación y los trabajos de campo. El inventario permitió establecer la correlación entre los deslizamientos y los distintos factores causales, lo cual facilitó ponderar las diferentes variables que controlan estos movimientos en el área. En el trabajo se aplican diferentes métodos de modelación de la susceptibilidad en SIG, como la Superposición indexada, la Lógica booleana, el Proceso analítico jerárquico (AHP), la Lógica difusa, y el Análisis estadístico bivariado (BSA). Se reveló que aproximadamente el 25% de la Cordillera de Guaniguanico es susceptible a la ocurrencia de deslizamientos, de ellos casi el 10% posee alta susceptibilidad. La validación de los resultados demostró que las clases de alta susceptibilidad en todos los métodos ocupan un área relativamente pequeña (<20%), al tiempo que revelan un alto porcentaje de los deslizamientos inventariados. Por otra parte, los métodos de modelación Lógica fuzzy y AHP brindan los mejores resultados considerando los estimados del porcentaje de certeza.
Estimación de la subida del nivel del mar por efecto del Cambio Climático mediante datos de mareógrafos y la serie de satélie
Authors: Ibarra Marinas Dadiel , Dawahidi Touria , Gomariz-Castillo Francisco
Published: June 2019

La subida del nivel del mar es una de las consecuencias más relevantes derivado del Cambio Climático. Los estudios relacionados con la subida del nivel del mar muestran una gran variabilidad espacial. Este trabajo se ha centrado en el área litoral de la ciudad de Valencia, situada en el Mediterráneo de la Península Ibérica. La proyección de la subida del nivel del mar se ha estimado a partir de altimetrías multimisión de satélite y del Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation para los escenarios Representative Concentration Pathway RCP2.6, RCP4.5 y RCP8.5, regionalizados mediante regresión lineal y los registros históricos de los mareógrafos del Permanent Servicefor Mean Sea Level. Los resultados muestran incrementos entre 27,59 y 143,63 cm, (R2= 0,62 para mareógrafos y R2=0,37 para satélites), para finales del S.XXI. Las consecuencias implican la intensificación del efecto de los temporales marítimos y el aumento de la vulnerabilidad de las áreas costeras.
El borde metropolitano: términos y características. Una revisión
Authors: López-Goyburu Patricia
Published: June 2019

El artículo traza un panorama sobre el tratamiento del borde metropolitano en diferentes momentos de la historia del urbanismo. El texto rescata diferentes términos y sus características como un insumo necesario para la construcción de la historia de estos territorios. Esto permite distinguir las problemáticas en diferentes momentos históricos; desde el equilibrio urbano-rural a mediados del siglo XX al espacio entre urbano y rural a comienzos del siglo XXI, pasando por el continuo urbano rural a fines del siglo XX. El trabajo concluye que la transformación del borde metropolitano va dejando obsoletos viejos conceptos sobre este territorito. Hoy, su conceptualización no resulta univoca desde una perspectiva científica. En este sentido, el trabajo parece indicar que más que definir estos territorios en abstracto lo importante es entender sus procesos y que la realidad de los mismos no es resultado de una falta de abordaje desde la planificación sino de que son territorios en transformación que requieren un abordaje procesual. En esa orientación, este trabajo plantea la necesidad de caracterización de estos territorios.
Drones y seguridad pública
Authors: González Botija Fernando , Zamora Santa Brígida Ignacio
Published: June 2019

Los drones se han convertido en un aparato muy beneficioso para la sociedad fruto de una nueva revolución tecnológica que va a traer aspectos muy positivos para la sociedad. Sin embargo, no todo pueden ser ventajas. Desgraciadamente determinados grupos (terroristas, narcotraficantes, etc.) han visto en los drones una óptima oportunidad de mejorar sus actividades delictivas. Es necesario que las autoridades públicas refuercen todas las medidas a su alcance para evitar que el uso de los drones se convierta en un serio peligro para la sociedad y adoptar una serie de medidas subjetivas (policía, operadores y pilotos) y objetivas. Por ello hay que dotar de más medios y entrenamiento a las Fuerzas y Cuerpos de Seguridad del Estado, establecer controles más rigurosos sobre los pilotos y los aparatos. Por ello es necesario se potencien los programas de investigación tendentes a dotar a las autoridades de una tecnología que pueda, al menos, limitar al máximo posible los riesgos inherentes a la autorización del vuelo de los drones. El artículo emplea como fuente esencial el documento “Drones hostiles: el uso hostil de los drones por agentes no gubernamentales contra objetivos británicos”, elaborado por el Grupo de Investigación de Oxford.
La tardía confección de libros de actas en los monasterios de la congregación cisterciense de Castilla (1659-1835)
Authors: Fernández Ortiz Guillermo
Published: June 2019

Frente a lo que sucede en otras instituciones, el Capítulo General de la Congregación cister-ciense de Castilla solo en fecha muy tardía (1659) regula la necesaria elaboración de libros de actas en los diferentes monasterios que forman parte de ella. A partir de entonces se inicia una nueva tipología documental cuyo contenido se irá definiendo y delimitando con el tiempo. Este variará ligeramente según el funcionamiento de cada abadía (colegio, abadía matriz, etc.), pero el libro siempre estará bajo la responsabilidad del secretario de cada comunidad, en el caso de los monasterios masculinos, y, muy posiblemente, del padre confesor o mayordomo en los femeninos.Este artículo analiza desde una perspectiva diplomática los libros de actas de los monasterios cister-cienses. Se estudian los cambios producidos a lo largo de los siglos y la composición de estas series documentales.
La escritura del Regimiento de tomar la altura del polo en la mar y cosas tocantes a la navegación de Andrés García de Céspedes
Authors: Landeros de Casolari Leopoldina
Published: June 2019

Al acercarnos al manuscrito del Regimiento de tomar la altura del polo en la mar y cosas tocantes a la navegación observamos dos tipos de caligrafía, lo cual representaba un posible problema de autoría. Además, en la obra se encuentran detalles que nos hicieron pensar que era un texto interpo-lado y en cuatro folios hay una rúbrica que inicialmente la atribuimos al autor; otro aspecto que nos llamaba la atención era la alteración de la fecha que aparece en la portada.Decidimos analizar el manuscrito con la finalidad de formular una explicación a estos hallazgos, te-niendo como objetivo principal comprobar la autoría de la obra; para ello primero necesitábamos iden-tificar la escritura de A. García de Céspedes y los capítulos escritos por él, por tanto era determinante distinguir sus rasgos caligráficos. Para los objetivos propuestos, procedimos con la única alternativa metodológica para este caso: comparar otros manuscritos del autor y de algunos cosmógrafos y pilotos mayores anteriores y contemporáneos a él.A través del estudio se ha podido individuar el texto que él escribió, confirmar que el regimiento es un libro escrito a dos manos con capítulos interpolados por el mismo autor y que el contenido de varios de ellos refleja la influencia de otros expertos. También hemos descubierto que el texto base se redactó cuatro años antes de la fecha que aparece en la portada y hemos podido comprobar que la rúbrica no es suya. Además de las conclusiones antes señaladas, el estudio nos ha ofrecido un resultado inesperado: un manuscrito que está registrado con el nombre de García de Céspedes no fue escrito por él, éste sería el tercero, ya que otros investigadores indicaron dos obras hace algunos años.
Proyectar el poder real en una fundación regia. Los sellos en tinta de las nuevas poblaciones de Sierra Morena y Andalucía
Authors: Pérez Fernández Francisco José , Hamer Flores Adolfo
Published: June 2019

El presente artículo realiza el estudio de los sellos en tinta utilizados en la Intendencia de las Nuevas Poblaciones de Sierra Morena y Andalucía, hasta la fecha completamente ignorados por la historiografía. Durante la Década Absolutista, coincidiendo con el gobierno de Pedro Polo de Alcocer, la documentación administrativa de esta Intendencia empezó a mostrar las improntas de varios sellos en los que era visible su carácter de jurisdicción real e incluso de colonización agraria.
El archivo del marquesado de Alcalá de la Alameda
Authors: Sánchez González Antonio
Published: June 2019

Este trabajo desvela la historia de un desconocido archivo señorial andaluz, el del estado de Alcalá de la Alameda, emplazado al norte de las marismas del Guadalquivir, en la antigua tierra del Aljarafe sevillano, hoy sector oriental de la provincia de Huelva, que se gestó entre los siglos XV y XVI en poder de la familia Portocarrero, de la rama de los señores de Moguer y Villanueva del Fresno, mediante la adquisición, primero, del señorío de Chucena y, de inmediato, del llamado enton-ces Alcalá de Juana de Orta, en una nueva línea familiar colateral de aquélla. Estos dominios se con-virtieron en marquesado, bajo la denominación de Alcalá de la Alameda, por concesión de Felipe II en 1574, un estado que remontó en el siglo XVII cuando los marqueses titulares heredaron la Casa Ducal de Alcalá de los Gazules, con la que quedó integrada de inmediato en la de Medinaceli.El marquesado de Alcalá de la Alameda generó un archivo señorial, pequeño pero muy completo (y con unos fondos que arrancan del siglo XIII aún no lo suficientemente estudiados), sobre el que tra-tamos aquí partiendo de su creación hasta quedar agregado con el tiempo a unidades archivísticas superiores, fundamentalmente el Archivo Ducal de Medinaceli, al que quedó incorporado a comien-zos del siglo XVIII como sección independiente, denominada “Alcalá (marquesado)”. El resultado de este estudio pone luz sobre historia y caracterización de los fondos que aquí les ofrecemos, así como sobre su sistema de organización, instalación y descripción.
Novel, Sequel, Draft: Classification and the Reception of Harper Lee's Go Set a Watchman
Authors: Squire Kelsey
Published: June 2019

The publication of Harper Lee's Go Set a Watchman (2015) presents a fascinating study in contemporary reception, as reviewers were puzzled with how to categorize the book: was it a “new novel,” a sequel to To Kill a Mockingbird, or a draft? This article examines how the classification of Watchman dovetails with reviewers' concerns about the publishing industry overstepping its bounds. Additionally, it traces how reviewers used Watchman's ambiguous status as a means of both defending and critiquing the character of Atticus Finch. Ultimately, studying reviewer classifications of Watchman through its initial reception provides an avenue for reviewers to reassess the role of To Kill a Mockingbird as a representative of our national literature, as “required reading” for schools, and as a personal source of inspiration for individual readers.
Oralidade e ensino: o trabalho com o gênero oral no debate público regrado em oficinas de Língua Portuguesa
Authors: Costa Negreiros Gil Roberto , Guerra Vitorino Luane
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo apresenta como tema os gêneros orais no ensino. Objetiva-se demonstrar o desenvolvimento oral, a partir de um trabalho sistematizado com o gênero debate público regrado, no âmbito escolar. Especificamente, descrevemos e analisamos o desenvolvimento oral de um aluno de Ensino Médio, que participou como aluno voluntário de oficinas de língua portuguesa que visavam trabalhar com esse gênero oral formal. Nosso embasamento teórico fundamenta-se na Linguística Textual e nas teorias de ensino e aprendizagem de gêneros. Nossa metodologia é qualitativa, ao passo que propomos uma análise interpretativa dos dados em relação ao material transcrito. Considerando que se trata de um corpus oral, utilizamo-nos de gravações e, posteriormente, de transcrições, para análise do material. Nossos resultados sinalizam que os gêneros orais, quando dinamizados em sala de aula, podem ser um importante instrumento de comunicabilidade, assim como de desenvoltura interacional e social dos alunos.
Environmental discourse (from the journalistic sphere) and its recontextualization in Brazilian textbooks to teach English
Authors: Silva Amanda Poliane , Cristovão Vera Lúcia
Published: June 2019

This article aims at investigating texts that approach environmental discourses in textbooks for English language teaching and their implications in education. The data are selected by means of i) gathering of texts in the book collections approved by PNLD 2015; ii) identification of the environmental perspective and its characteristics among the selected texts regarding genre, support, theme, and context of production. The results demonstrate that the rational perspective is predominant among the texts disseminated , the institutional type of support was the leading format and the majority of them came from inner circle sources. As for implications, we emphasize: i) the use of images may promote the opportunity for(critical) literacy fostering the construction of new meanings; ii) the predominant texts from the inner circle sphere distance the student from peripheral perspectives and the English language use as international or so called “língua franca”; iii)  the focus on the rational perspective keeps technical or technological actions as the solution for environmental problems.
Editorial
Authors: Fianco Francisco
Published: June 2019

O dossiê temático Língua e Literatura: teoria e ensino - vozes, linguagens, contextos volta seu foco a os gêneros discursivos/textuais, considerando os espaços plurais em que são produzidos — e dos quais são representativos —, os variados sistemas semióticos que se articulam na construção de sentidos e as diferentes vozes que ecoam na constituição sempre dialógica de um enunciado/texto com outro. O intuito desta abordagem temática é revisitar conceitos e tecer novas reflexões acerca dos gêneros discursivos/textuais, bem como do ensino-aprendizagem por meio deles.
Comparación de dos dietas en la adaptabilidad al cautiverio de neonatos de tortuga golfina en Choluteca, Honduras
Authors: Carranza Edgar Osiris , Aguilar Yolany , Rodriguez Kenia , Montoya Jessy , Quiroz Daniel , Rivas Yelsin
Published: June 2019

En Honduras desde el año 1974 se realizan acciones para contribuir a preservar la tortuga golfina Lepidochelys olivacea en el Golfo de Fonseca con la instalación de campamentos tortugueros, pero al hacer liberaciones en la fase de neonato la tasa de sobrevivencia es baja. El objetivo consistió en comparar la adaptabilidad, el crecimiento y la sobrevivencia de neonatos alimentados con una dieta comercial para tilapia y otra con carne de corvina durante 35 días en cautiverio. El estudio se realizó en el laboratorio húmedo del CURLP, se recolectaron 12 neonatos de la playa de Punta Ratón con peso promedio de 17 g, estos se distribuyeron en seis recipientes de 0.22 m3 y mantuvieron con agua marina filtrada, se manejaron como tratamientos la alimentación de carne fresca de corvina y alimento formulado de tilapia al 35% de proteína cruda durante 35 días, se hicieron tres réplicas de cada tratamiento. Se evaluó la adaptabilidad, el crecimiento en peso y en la longitud curvo de carapacho (LLC). Los neonatos demostraron una adaptación al cautiverio y no fueron influenciados por el tipo de alimento suministrado, de igual forma no se encontraron diferencias estadísticas en los crecimientos semanales y finales en peso y en LCC en los neonatos.Se logró al final del experimento el 100% de sobrevivencia en los dos tratamientos.La dieta de tilapia puede utilizarse para alimentar a los neonatos de tortugadebido a su composición nutricional y puede ser una opción por la accesibilidad y costo, así como su uso para el crecimiento de los neonatos en cautiverio.
La investigación científica y su aporte al proceso de desarrollo del occidente de Honduras
Authors: Orellana Jorge Humberto , Landverry María Magdalena , Miranda Jorge Evelio
Published: June 2019

Este estudio presenta una valoración acerca de la pertinencia de las investigaciones científicas de las universidades públicas y privadas con presencia en el occidente de Honduras. El trabajo fue realizado entre octubre de 2016 y julio de 2017. Las herramientas utilizadas fueron principalmente cuestionarios y entrevistas con gestores del desarrollo y educación superior. Los resultados demuestran que existe una mora sustancial en investigación científica; la coordinación entre las distintas universidades para impulsar procesos de investigación y vinculación son casi nulos, existiendo un distanciamiento entre la Academia y las intervenciones del desarrollo. La investigación queda reducida a unos pocos docentes y es poco socializada. Por su parte, el desarrollo sigue percibiéndose como una meta a alcanzar y como el simple crecimiento económico. Los entrevistados perciben que las universidades deben investigar más temas relacionados con educacion, salud, ambiente, emprendimiento, seguridad alimentaria y ciudadana. Problemas que afectan a la región son el desempleo, la corrupción y la pobreza generalizada, esto se relaciona con la exigencia de la sociedad para profundizar dichos estudios. La pertinencia debe estar más en función de las necesidades de la población y no desde una visión vertical impositiva, por lo que deben definirse líneas y estudios que surjan desde la sociedad misma. Es necesaria la crítica permanente que posibiliten la búsqueda de pensamientos alternativos;deben revisarse los giros paradigmáticos de la ciencia y las intervenciones del desarrollo, esto obliga a entrar en un proceso de descolonización epistemóloga y de deconstrucción cultural que permitan el reencuentro con otros caminos.
¿Raros o fantásticos?... lo insólito en las ficciones distanciadas de Lautréamont, Felisberto Hernández y Mario Levrero
Authors: Illas Wilfredo , Grandón Mauricio
Published: June 2019

Desde los postulados de la Estética de la Recepción, se pretende dilucidar un posible horizonte de expectativas para dar cuenta de instancias comprensivas en torno a tres textos: Canto III de Maldoror, La casa inundada y El crucificado del Conde de Lautréamont, Felisberto Hernández y Mario Levrero respectivamente, cuya experiencia de lectura se verá reconstruida a la luz de los aportes de Darko Suvin, Ángel Rama y Heber Benítez atendiendo tres categorías conceptuales: lo raro, fantástico y distanciado, las cuales suscitan posibilidades dialógicas para el concierto de otros aportes teóricos que coadyuvan en la configuración de las tramas organizativas y argumentativas que cohesionan este discurso, a saber: trama teórica, contextual y metodológica. Dado el carácter realimentativo, inacabado y aproximativo, este trabajo no pretende dar conclusiones, por el contrario, pretende propiciar un escenario reflexivo que permita advertir una de las múltiples posibilidades de lectura que estos textos despliegan.
Conozca las exenciones de impuesto sobre la renta dispersas en otras leyes especiales
Authors: Guardado Méndez Amaly
Published: June 2019

No abstract available.
Realidad Empresarial No. 6, 2018: 26-30
Rol de la mujer en los puestos estratégicos en las grandes empresas del área de seguros de El Salvador
Authors: Melara Verónica Stephanie , Soriano Gabriela María , Rodríguez Juan Carlos , Franco Ambar Elisa , Flores Marta
Published: June 2019

No abstract available.
Realidad Empresarial No. 6, 2018: 31-40
Campus No. 6
Authors: Editor El
Published: June 2019

It contains: Congress of Business Administration and Marketing, Business Trends 2018: disruption experience ; UCA TALKS Business Reflection Conference ; Chair of the microenterprise; Dancing for equity ; Second Accounting and Auditing Congress 2018.
Realidad Empresarial No. 6, 2018: 61-65
¿Mi casa y mi carro son activos?
Authors: Granados Paul
Published: June 2019

No abstract available.
Realidad Empresarial No. 7, 2019: 35
Campus No. 7
Authors: Editor El
Published: June 2019

Contains: UCA meeting back in time ; University entrepreneurship networking ; Training workshop ; Recognition of the best research work in the careers of Business Administration and Marketing.
Realidad Empresarial No. 7, 2019: 39-42
The influence of family ownership in the profitability of vertically integrated companies. Evidence from the Spanish agri-food industry
Authors: Gallizo José L. , Moreno Jordi , Salvador Manuel
Published: June 2019

The aim of this paper is to analyse whether the family control exerts a significant influence on profitability in agri-food companies that have been vertically integrated. This assumption is based on the idea that family-owned firms better overcome the internal conflict that arises in a company by reducing transaction costs. We have analysed the determinants of the profitability and its annual increase, considering the kind of company and its sector. Our results show that family firms tend to perform better, both from an economic and a financial perspective, than their counterparts, obtaining higher levels of efficiency with lower levels of debt. These factors lead to a higher profitability of family firms mainly attributable to the reductions of costs and financial expenses. Even though efficiency and size tend to grow if the family business is also vertically integrated, its levels of financial risk and commercial credit also increase and its sales margin decreases, which cause a trend to decrease in its profitability. These trends are independent of the year and the subsector.
Can Social Performance Improve Financial Performance and Increase Customers’ Trust?
Authors: Mukhibad Hasan , Anisykurlillah Indah , Nurkhin Ahmad , Jayanto Prabowo Yudo
Published: June 2019

Social concern is strongly emphasized in Islam. There are the concepts of khalifah fil ard, hablum min nass, tawazun in Islam which demonstrate the Islamic approach to concern for social issues. The purpose of this study is to obtain evidence pertaining to whether social concern in Islamic banks has an impact on improving their performance and the trust of customers. The research sample is 11 Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia. The observation period was from 2009 to 2017. The results of this study show that social activities carried out by banks in the form of qardh financing, and the distribution of qardh al-hassan and zakah funds, were able to increase customer trust in the banks. This increase in trust is evidenced by the positive influence of channeling social funds on increasing debt and temporary syirkah funds. However, the distribution of social funds does not have a positive impact on the amount of funding channeled by banks. As a result, the bank's income from the disbursement of finance cannot increase, and the impact of the bank's profitability does not increase. So, it has been proven empirically that the distribution of social funds does not have a positive impact on the amount of financing and profitability as measured by ROA and ROE.
Dimethyl phthalate. Determination in workplace air
Authors: Woźnica Agnieszka
Published: June 2019

Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) is a colourless liquid with a slight aromatic odour. It is used in industry as a plasticizer of plastics, as an ingredient of fragrances in the production of cosmetics and detergents. Occupational exposure to DMP can occur through inhalation, or ingestion. The aim of this study was to validate a method for determining DMP concentration in workplace air in the range from 1/10 to 2 MAC values, in accordance with the requirements of standard PN-EN 482. The study was performed using a gas chromatograph (GC) with a flame ionization detector (FID) equipped with a capillary column HP-INNOWAX (60 m x 0.25 mm, 0.15 µm). This method is based on the sorption of dimethyl phthalate vapours on a glass microfiber filter, desorption with ethanol, and analyzed by GC-FID. The average desorption efficiency of DMP from filter was 98%. Application of HP-INNOWAX column allows selective determination of DMP in the presence of other solvents. The measurement range was 0.5 – 10 mg/m3 for a 120-L air sample. Limit of detection: 0.02 µg/ml and limit of quantification: 0.06 µg/ml. The analytical method described in this paper enables a selective determination of DMP in workplace air in the presence of other solvents at concentrations from 0.5 mg/m3 (1/10 MAC value). The method is characterized by good precision and accuracy and meets the criteria for the performance of procedures for the measurement of chemical agents, listed in EN 482. The method may be used for the assessment of occupational exposure to DMP and the associated risk to workers’ health. The developed method of determining DMP has been recorded as an analytical procedure (see appendix). This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.
Proto-Megascience. Перевод интересов в зоне обмена
Authors: Пронских Виталий Станиславович ,   Lobachevsky State University Press
Published: June 2019

В настоящей статье рассматриваются характерные особенности возникшего в 1970-е годы вида Megascience, названного Proto-Megascience. Proto-Megascience возникла, в первую очередь, в физике высоких энергий на этапе, когда при еще сравнительно умеренных масштабах приборов, размеров коллективов, стоимостей и длительностей экспериментам стали присущи такие черты развитой Megascience, как вырождение экспериментов в цепочки с близкими научными программами, а также равноправие эпистемических и неэпистемических, в частности политических, интересов. Обсуждается ситуационное исследование серии совместных советскоамериканских ускорительных экспериментов (Дубна-Фермилаб) по исследованию малоуглового рассеяния протонов с использованием сверхзвуковой газовой мишени. Анализируются взаимные переводы эпистемических и политических интересов, а также равноправие живых и неживых акторов в зоне обмена, ка- ковой является эксперимент Proto-Megascience.
Дискуссионные вопросы языка науки и семиотическая модель идеального языка
Authors: Волков Юрий Константинович ,   Lobachevsky State University Press
Published: June 2019

Статья посвящена описанию основных проблем, которые могут стать содержательной основой для тематической рубрики «Дискуссионные вопросы языка науки», актуализируемой в контексте семиотической языковой парадигмы. Двумя главными реализованными задачами статьи, определившими ее общую логико-смысловую структуру, являются: обзор основных российских журналов, в которых имеются публикации, посвященные языку науки; актуализация проблем идеального языка в возможности, включая язык науки, при помощи семиотической модели Ч. Морриса. В качестве оснований для дифференциации синхронических и диахронических проблем языка науки использованы синтаксический, семантический и прагматический аспекты идеальной знаково-языковой системы. Как показано в статье, к числу главных семиотических проблем языка в возможности и языка в действительности относятся вопросы, связанные с особенностями использования в них синтаксических, семантических и прагматических правил. Для синтактики такими правилами выступают требования относительно процедуры построения и преобразования языковой системы. Для семантики – это правила применения знаков к обозначаемым объектам. Для прагматики – правила интерпретации знаков. Общая положительная оценка метаязыковой модели Ч. Морриса в качестве нормативной языковой матрицы основана на отсутствии устоявшихся общепринятых теорий языка, отличных от семиотической языковой доктрины. Вместе с тем, современная семиотика не ограничивает круг своих познавательных интересов уровнем речевых дискурсов знаково-языковой системы, эталоном смысловой корректности которых является язык науки. Объектом семиотики сегодня становятся разнообразные виды языковых практик, которые хотя и осуществляются в языке, но не сводятся к нему. В этой связи предлагается создавать междисциплинарные дискуссионные площадки для обсуждения актуальных проблем языка в таких продвинутых формах периодики, как электронные журналы философской направленности.
Уильям Хьюэлл и современная философия науки
Authors: Никифоров Александр Леонидович ,   Lobachevsky State University Press
Published: June 2019

В статье рассматривается методологическая концепция шотландского мыслителя У. Хьюэлла, созданная в середине XIX в. Хьюэлл полагал, что у человека имеются некоторые врожденные идеи, которые, налагаясь на чувственное восприятие, порождают знание. К числу фундаментальных идей, руководящих человеческим познанием, Хьюэлл относит идеи пространства, времени и числа. Их развивают и уточняют «чистые» науки. В других науках к этим фундаментальным идеям добавляются идеи причинности, среды, сходства и т.п. В своих методологических построениях Хьюэлл опирался на тщательное изучение истории практически всех развитых наук своего времени, поэтому предвосхитил тот поворот к истории, который произошел в философии науки во второй половине ХХ в. В концепции Хьюэлла присутствовала идея гипотетико-дедуктивного строения научного знания, мысль о «теоретической нагруженности» фактов, эмпирическая проверяемость как один из важнейших критериев научности. Жаль, что концепция, созданная основоположником философии науки, на долгое время была забыта.
De bestående høns: Mikkel Bolts kritik af Donald Trump
Authors: Bjerre Henrik Jøker
Published: June 2019

Anmeldelse af Mikkel Bolt: Trumps kontrarevolution. 128 sider. Forlaget Nemo, København, 2017
Til sammenligning
Authors: Kraglund Rikke Andersen
Published: June 2019

Generally, the conception of intertextual references in literary theory has been either very broad or very narrow and detail-oriented. On the one hand, Roland Barthes and Julia Kristeva conceive of intertext as a universal feature of all texts. No text is original and made by itself isolated from those existing before it. All texts, in short, are intertexts because they refer to other texts, conventions, and presuppositions beyond authors’ intentions. But this broad concept is difficult to work with in analyzing works of literature. It poses problems of identification and does not mark out a manageable area of investigation or object of attention with the undefined and infinite discursive space it designates and its idea about anonymous citations. Generally, the conception of intertextual references in literary theory has been either very broad or very narrow and detail-oriented. On the one hand, Roland Barthes and Julia Kristeva conceive of intertext as a universal feature of all texts. No text is original and made by itself isolated from those existing before it. All texts, in short, are intertexts because they refer to other texts, conventions, and presuppositions beyond authors’ intentions. But this broad concept is difficult to work with in analyzing works of literature. It poses problems of identification and does not mark out a manageable area of investigation or object of attention with the undefined and infinite discursive space it designates and its idea about anonymous citations.  On the other hand, we have the more restricted view that focuses on specific, readily recognized signs of intertextual relations between literary texts. Gérard Genette offers a vocabulary to describe the interaction between only two identifiable texts. In this article, I shall propose a third alternative that takes the middle ground and investigate what a rhetorical approach to intertextuality means for the understanding of the concept of comparison.
Fortidsløse fantaster
Authors: Gammelgaard Signe Leth , Nielsen Jakob Gaardbo
Published: June 2019

The latter half of the 19th century saw a rise in novels focusing directly on the stock-exchange and its various actors. Scholarship on these has naturally zoomed in on the main character of the speculator and on the economic paradigm of speculation and financialization, and to a lesser degree concerned itself with the information circuits of the field. However, these studies almost invariably stay rooted within the national literatures; in this article we address the issue of comparativism within the stock-exchange novel, zeroing in on two rather canonical works, namely Anthony Trollope’s The Way We Live Now, and Émile Zola’s L’Argent. Both novels articulate the impact of information on the stock market and trades and they do so by crystallizing a character with the task of disseminating stories about the company they work for. However, these characters distil not only the strategies of advertising and press-directing, but also a certain moral, truth- and history-management. In the artricle we argue first that these characters function rather as placeholders for a specific set of values than as psychological personalities, and second that they lend themselves to a fruitful comparison between French and British literature and economics of the time, in turn fleshing out Trollope’s versus Zola’s view on the potential of a free press and its powers in the financial sphere.