bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Petrology of peridotite host basaltic lavas of northern Ngaoundéré (Adamawa plateau, Cameroon, Central Africa)
Authors: Ndassa Zénab Nouraan Njankouo , Oumarou Faarouk Nkouandou , Jacques-Marie Bardintzeff , Alexandre Alembert Ganwa , Mefire Aminatou Fagny , Arnaud Tizi
Published: July 2019

Small volcanoes and flows of Cainozoic basaltic lavas, containing numerous mantle peridotite xenoliths, outcrop at northern Ngaoundéré in Adamawa plateau. They are composed of arena of decimeter to meter in size of bowls and blocs of dark matrix, showing crystals of olivine, clinopyroxene and oxides. All lavas present microlitic porphyritic texture with euhedral to subhedral crystals of the same phases drowned in the matrix of the same minerals plus plagioclase microlites.Microprobe analyses show that olivine phenocrysts are relatively Fo-rich (80.9-84.3 %) compared to microphenocrysts and microcrysts (Fo71.1-75.9 %). Olivine xenocrysts are highly magnesian (83.9-89.8 %). Clinopyroxene are diopside and augite. Oxides crystals are Ti-magnetite and plagioclase are labradorite and bytownite.ICP-AES and ICP-MS whole rocks analyses show that the host peridotite basaltic lavas of northern Ngaoundéré are undersaturated basanites of typical alkaline lava series. They seem not contaminated by crustal materials. They are the results of low partial melting rate of the garnet mantle source located at more than 80 km depth. The eruptions of northern Ngaoundéré lavas have been facilitated by Pan African cracks and they have sampled the subcontinental lithospheric mantle as xenoliths at different pressures and depths on their way to the surface.
Pengaruh Metode Token Economy Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Matematika Peserta Didik Kelas III B MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 2
Authors: Fadzila Dina Ayu
Published: July 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui: 1) pengaruh metode token economy terhadap motivasi belajar matematika peserta didik kelas III B MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 2. 2) sumbangan pengaruh metode token economy terhadap motivasi belajar  matematika peserta didik kelas III B MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 2.Variabel yang diukur yaitu token economy bentuk observasi behavior checklist dan motivasi belajar matematika peserta didik kelas III B MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 2. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi eksperiment). Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas III B MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 2, penelitian ini termasuk penelitian populasi karena hanya terdapat satu kelas eksperimen. Pada penelitian ini, pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, angket dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) terdapat pengaruh antara penggunaan metode token economy terhadap motivasi belajar matematika peserta didik kelas III B MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 2 yang ditunjukkan dengan  nilai P sebesar 0,036 dan 0,001 atau P < 0,05. Artinya, H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Pengaruh positif ini menunjukkan nilai token economy meningkat maka motivasi belajar matematika meningkat. Dan 2) sumbangan pengaruh metode token economy terhadap motivasi belajar peserta didik kelas III B MI Ma’arif Giriloyo 2 sebesar 0,484 atau 48,4% ditunjukkan dalam kolom R square (R2). Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 51,6 % disebabkan oleh faktor lain yang tidak disertakan dalam penelitian ini.
Hubungan Kompetensi Sosial Guru Dengan Interaksi Edukatif Dalam Perspektif Peserta Didik
Authors: Amin Amannasrullah
Published: July 2019

Teachers as educators are required to have social competence. Therefore, teachers should be able to establish good communication with students, parents, neighbor, and co-worker's. In the meantime, educational interaction belief in good communication skills from teachers with students. However, no research has been done in person about the teachers social competence relationship with students educational interaction in the academic perspective. This study/research was meants to reveal: 1) How high are teachers sosial competence at SDIT Salsabila 3. 2) How strong are students educational interaction at SDIT Salsabila 3. 3) The teachers relationship with students educational interaction. And this is quantitative research. The research method used was the correlation study. The population is requested class SDIT Salsabila 3. The sampling technique used is sample. It's mean the entire population is sampled. The primary data collection uses an angket or questionnaire that has been validates by experts. Secondary data collection uses interviews, observations, and documentations.  Angular data calculated using parametric statistics to get the desired data,  and the prerequisite analysis was then performed using the Kolmogorof-Smirnov. After a prerequisite analysis was done, a hypothetical test was done using the product moment correlation technique. The study/research shows that the teachers social competence at SDIT Salsabila 3 the majority is the medium category. And the result of the students educational interaction of SDIT Salsabila 3 the majority in a sufficient/moderate category. This research shows a positive relationship between the teachers social competence to students educational interaction. Using a product moment testing technique helped with the SPSS 22.00 calculations program, has a coefficient correlation of 0,777. It's mean the link between the teachers social competence to students educational interaction is strong
Musical Mourning Rituals in Sicily. By Sergio Bonanzinga. Translated by Giacomo Valentini.
Authors: Bonanzinga Sergio , Valentini Giacomo
Published: July 2019

This article surveys various vocal and instrumental performances (chants, laments, calls, sounds of church bells and drums, band music) connected to the ritual celebration and commemoration of the dead that are still characterized in Sicily by a manifest syncretism between Christian Church rules and folk customs and beliefs. These “sounds of mourning” are examined in terms of both their musical aspects and their social and symbolic functions, with special attention given to the changing dynamics between the present day and the recent past. The focus also extends to include celebrations in which “fictitious funerals” are performed, such as those for Christ during the Easter procession and for Nannu (“Grandpa”) in Carnival ceremonies.

Citation: Bonanzinga, Sergio.Musical Mourning Rituals in Sicily. Translated by Giacomo Valentini. Ethnomusicology Translations, no. 5. Bloomington, IN: Society for Ethnomusicology, 2017.

Originally published in Italian as “Riti musicali del cordoglio in Sicilia,” Archivio Antropologico Mediterraneo 17, no. 16, 1 (2014): 113-156. Online at https://www.academia.edu/7954331/Riti_musicali_del_cordoglio.

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Instrumental Variable Estimation with the R Package ivtools
Authors: Sjolander Arvid , Martinussen Torben
Published: July 2019

Instrumental variables is a popular method in epidemiology and related fields, to estimate causal effects in the presence of unmeasured confounding. Traditionally, instrumental variable analyses have been confined to linear models, in which the causal parameter of interest is typically estimated with two-stage least squares. Recently, the methodology has been extended in several directions, including two-stage estimation and so-called G-estimation in nonlinear (e. g. logistic and Cox proportional hazards) models. This paper presents a new R package, ivtools, which implements many of these new instrumental variable methods. We briefly review the theory of two-stage estimation and G-estimation, and illustrate the functionality of the ivtools package by analyzing publicly available data from a cohort study on vitamin D and mortality.
The problem of determining the one-dimensional kernel of viscoelasticity equation with a source of explosive type
Authors: Durdiev Durdimurod Kalandarovich , Totieva Zhanna Dmitrievna
Published: July 2019

The integro-differential system of viscoelasticity equations with a source of explosive type is considered.
It is assumed that the coefficients of the equations depend only on one spatial variable.
The problem of determining the kernel included in the integral terms of the equations is studied. The solution of the problem is reduced to one inverse problem for scalar hyperbolic equations.
This inverse problem is replaced by an equivalent system of integral equations for unknown functions.
The principle of constricted mapping in the space of continuous functions with weighted norms to the latter is applied.
The theorem of global unique solvability is proved and the stability estimate of solution to the inverse problem is obtained.
Visual Analysis of Cylindrically Polarized Light Beams’ Focal Characteristics by Path Integral
Authors: Yue Cheng-feng , Wu Yong-bo , Tang Zhi-lie
Published: July 2019

To analyze the focal characteristics of cylindrically polarized beams, a visual analysis method is proposed. As known, the focal field can be described by three mutually perpendicular components, each one is the total contribution of all parts of the incident beams. For each component of all contributing parts weapply path integral method, then from the path integral curves extract focal field properties immediately, such as polarization state or intensity distribution. The analysis process of PI is visual and more understandable, and has more powerful information extraction function, which is also helpful for the design of special filtering pupil.
Operator-Induced Variability Caused by Hand Mixing of Cement Paste—Effects on Fresh and Hardened Properties
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Nima , Kosar Katelyn , Ramanthan Sivakumar , Suraneni Prannoy
Published: July 2019

Laboratories typically adapt ASTM C305-14, Standard Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency, ASTM C1738-19, Standard Practice for High-Shear Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes, and other standardized mixing methods to prepare cement paste and mortar specimens for testing. Hand mixing is adapted when small amounts of material are available (for example, pure phases) or necessary for testing (for example, isothermal calorimetry testing). Although a majority of past research has focused on studying the dependence of cement paste rheology on mixing, relatively fewer studies have focused on hydration and hardened properties of cement pastes. In this study, fresh and hardened cement paste properties were tested at two water-to-cement ratios (w/c): 0.36 and 0.45. The following tests were performed: flow test, set time, isothermal calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), apparent density, and entrapped air. Results from hand mixing were compared to those from mechanical mixing (ASTM C305-14). Operator-induced variability that was due to hand mixing was assessed by comparing results obtained by three operators. Data were quantitatively evaluated using the coefficient of variation (CV) values for hand-mixing results, and the percentage difference (PD) between the mechanical mixing result and the average hand-mixing result. For most results from the tests conducted, CV and PD were below 5 %, and hence, they may be considered insignificant. A few measured parameters (certain flow diameters, set times, peak heat time) showed CV and PD values ranging from 5 to 10 % and could be potentially significant. The highest values of CV and PD were found for entrapped air, likely because values of entrapped air were low. These results suggest that for carrying out certain tests on cement pastes in the lab such as isothermal calorimetry and TGA, hand mixing could potentially be used instead of ASTM C305-14 without altering results.
Complejidad sintáctica: las construcciones multiverbales del tehuelche
Authors: Fernández Garay Ana
Published: July 2019

En este trabajo nos ocupamos de analizar las construcciones multiverbales (cmv) del tehuelche, lengua indígena hablada en el sur de la República Argentina. A partir de un corpus registrado entre los hablantes tehuelches, mostramos las construcciones multiverbales existentes en esta lengua. Entre ellas, tenemos en cuenta las construcciones seriales verbales (csv) y aquellas que presentan verbos dependientes, es decir, que pueden exhibir un verbo flexionado y uno no finito. Estas construcciones actúan como predicados únicos y generalmente comparten el sujeto. El análisis se lleva a cabo dentro de la perspectiva tipológico-funcional, a partir de un corpus recolectado en sucesivos trabajos de campo entre los tehuelches de la provincia de Santa Cruz.
Perilaku Komunikasi dalam Proses Rehabilitasi Pecandu Narkoba di Rumah Sakit HB Sa’anin Padang
Authors: Efrita Neni , Eliza Eliza , Muqsid Sulthan Jiyad
Published: July 2019

The process of rehabilitation of drug addicts in the Psychiatric Hospital in addition to medical and social processes, rehabilitation of drug addicts at the HB Sa’anin Padang Hospital also has used various forms of communication behavior to restore the health of drug addicts. The process of integrated treatment and recovery activities will be carried out if health workers and psychologists are skilled in communicating both verbally and nonverbally. The formulation of the problem in this research is how communication behavior in the process of rehabilitation of drug addicts at the Mental Hospital HB Sa’anin Padang. With the methodological approach used is qualitative, data collection through observation, interviews and documentation. The results showed: 1. Verbal communication behavior in the process of rehabilitation of drug addicts at the HB Sa'anin Psychiatric Hospital in Padang carried out by health workers is verbal communication behavior in the form of verbal words and written words, written words are used as guides to act and act in the rehabilitation process. 2. The behavior of nonverbal communication in the process of rehabilitation of drug addicts in the Psychiatric Hospital HB Sa’anin by health workers with drug addicts is in the form of artifactual (appearance), proxemic (physical distance) and paralinguistic (intonation and tone of voice)
Teknik Propaganda pada Pemberitaan Calon Walikota Padang Jelang Pemilukada 2018 di Harian Padang Ekspress
Authors: Muqsith Sulthan Jiyad , Alkhendra Alkendra , Yazan Sheiful , Fransiska Arina
Published: July 2019

Research is motivated by the development of increasingly mass media. These developments shifted the aim of the media to convey information, educate, entertain and social control. The mass media is also used to launch propaganda with certain techniques in influencing the attitudes and behavior of a particular person or group - in this case the candidate for mayor of Padang. The use of mass media for propaganda occurred in the Padang Ekspress Daily. Qualitative research methods with content Analysis models, focus on physical units, syntactic units, referential units, propositional units and thematic propaganda units techniques on the preaching of candidates for mayor of Padang ahead of the 2018 post-conflict local election in Padang Ekspress daily. The research was conducted in June 2018, the sampling technique was simple random sampling. The researcher found the propaganda techniques used were glittering generalities, bandwidth, transfers, testimonials and card stacking. Preaching pair number 1 uses four propaganda techniques; glittering generalities, tranfers, testimonials, and card stacking. The Mahyeldi-Desri pair uses the five propaganda techniques. Glittering generalities are the most commonly used techniques, card stacking and testimonials are the least used. All analysis units can measure the use of propagation techniques. The various units of physical reporting. The syntactic unit looking at "Mahyeldi", "Emzalmi", "Desri" and "Qur'an" is the most frequently occurring word. Referential units, propositional units and thematic units of news predominantly present equivalent words, propositions and themes about Islam and / or religiosity
Surau di Dunia Maya (Reinkarnasi Tambo Minangkabau di Era Konvergensi Media)
Authors: Yazan Sheiful
Published: July 2019

Tambo is often connoted as "the treasure of the past" which has been lost in the Minangkabau community. In the past, Tambo Minangkabau was studied in surau as a place to inherit traditional values. Now, surau adat has almost disappeared in the midst of society. But, in the current era of Convergent Media, the attention and study of Tambo Minangkabau is growing and developing in various forms. This article discusses the emergence and revival of discussions and studies of Minangkabau Tambo in various Convergent Media as new "suraus" in cyberspace.
INOVASI PENYALURAN DANA ZAKAT PADA PROGRAM PEMBERDAYAAN DI LEMBAGA AMIL ZAKAT
Authors: Setiawan Iwan
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Zakat is intended to empowering the mustahik and improving their living standard. For this reason, the Islamic economic system through zakat is believed as one of  solution to overcome social gap and inequalities. Qualitative descriptive research is used to reveal Zakat Law Number 23 of 2011 drafting as Law Number 38 of 1999 replacement; and al-Maqashid al-Shari'ah as analysis approach. The high poverty rate, the great potential of zakat, and the responsibility of the State promote the “productive zakat” in form of scholarships, venture capital, and other forms are inevitably, while distributing the fund to the eight asnaf as stated in Al Qur'an Surah At-Taubah verse 60.Abstrak: Sistem ekonomi Islam melalui zakat merupakan solusi untuk menanggulangi kesen­jangan sosial yang akan berakibat pada kecemburuan sosial, konflik sosial, bahkan sampai revolusi sosial. Pengelolaan zakat yang baik mendistribusikan dana zakat tidak bersifat konsumtif tetapi secara produktif baik dimensi ekonomi, pendidikan, bahkan sarana sosial lainnya sehingga mustahik mampu mengembangkan dana zakat yang diteri­­ma guna meningkatkan taraf kehidupannya. Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif diguna­kan untuk mengungkapkan kejadian atau fakta proses pembuatan undang-undang nomor 23 tahun 2011 sebagai perubahan dari undang-undang nomor 38 tahun 1999. Sedangkan untuk menganalisis digunakan pendekatan al-Maqashid al-Syari’ah. Angka kemiskinan yang tinggi dan potensi zakat yang besar serta tanggungjawab Negara dalam hal itu menjadikan pengelolaan zakat secara produktif seperti dalam bentuk beasiswa, permodalan, pemberian alat-alat produksi dan sebagainya adalah hal yang niscaya dengan tetap mendistribusikannya tidak keluar dari delapan asnaf yang tertuang dalam Al-quran surat At-Taubah ayat 60.
SBSN PBS, dan SUKRI SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN PEMERINTAH DALAM PEMBIAYAAN APBN DAN INVESTASI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Kusuma Suteja Wira Dana , Amalia Nisa Dely
Published: July 2019

Abstract: The Sharia capital market is currently growing rapidly in the Indonesian economy. One of the instruments, namely sukuk, is being aggressively fulfilling govern­ment needs. Sukuk is widely used as a means of financing the APBN for infrastructure development. In addi­tion, sukuk is also used as a means of investment by the community. Sukuk is the safest investment among investors because it is guaranteed by the government.Abstrak: Pasar modal Syariah saat ini sedang berkembang pesat di perekonomi Indonesia. Salah satu instrumennya yaitu sukuk sedang gencar dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pemerintah. Sukuk banyak dijadikan sebagai sarana pembiayaan APBN untuk pembangunan infra­struktur. Selain itu, sukuk juga dijadikan sebagai sarana investasi oleh masyarakat. Sukuk adalah investasi paling aman dikalangan para investor karena dijamin oleh pemerintah.
DISTRIBUSI UKURAN IKAN MADIDIHANG, CAKALANG DAN LAYANG YANG TERTANGKAP DENGAN PUKAT CINCIN DI PERAIRAN PACITAN JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Yusuf Helman Nur , Wahju Ronny Irawan , Iskandar Budhi HS , Soeboer Deni A.
Published: July 2019

Ikan pelagis yang tertangkap pukat cincin dengan ukuran mata jaring 3,81 cm dan 4,46 cm memperlihatkan sebaran dan ukuran jenis ikan yang berbeda. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedalaman renang dan sebaran ukuran ikan madidihang, cakalang dan layang yang tertangkap pukat cincin di perairan Pacitan. Penelitian dilakukan selama 2 trip pada bulan Oktober dan Desember 2013. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah selektivitas celah pelolosan pada pukat cincin mengunakan model Holt. Hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata ikan yang tertangkap pada ukuran mata jaring  3,81 cm sebesar 33,74 untuk ikan madidihang 33,74 cm, cakalang 49,5 cm dan layang 23,5 cm. Sedangkan pada ukuran mata jaring 4,46 cm untuk madidihang 37,34 cm, cakalang 52 cm dan layang 29,5 cm. persamaan regresi antara ikan madidihang Y =0,697x – 2,477 nilai ã2 = 0,933, ikan cakalang = 0,611x – 2,758 nilai ã2 = 0,922 dan ikan layang Y = 1,358x – 4,241 nilai ã2 = 0,954. Terdapat selektivitas optimum yang berbeda pada ukuran mata jaring 3,81 cm dan 4,36 cm yang tertangkap.
Características da produção científica sobre o trabalho infantil na América Latina
Authors: Silva Gisella Cristina de Oliveira , Iriart Jorge Alberto Bernstein , Chaves Sônia Cristina Lima , Abade Erik Asley Ferreira
Published: July 2019

O presente estudo analisou as características da produção científica sobre trabalho infantil na América Latina, de 2004 a 2014. Foram encontrados 114 trabalhos, nas bases de dados LILACS e SciELO. Os artigos foram categorizados com base nos conceitos de campo e agentes sociais de Pierre Bourdieu, destacando os produtores, os locais de publicação, os objetos e discursos. Observou-se um crescimento da produção no período, especificamente a partir de 2006. O Brasil ocupou a posição dominante na produção científica com 80,7% do total, seguido da Colômbia, Argentina e México. Os objetos de estudo são majoritariamente de abordagem qualitativa (55,3%) e metade dos artigos está indexada em revistas Qualis B1 ou superior. Apenas 14,9% das pesquisas, no entanto, receberam financiamento. Os produtores são de origens diversas, com a participação de psicólogos (26,3%), enfermeiros (17,5%) e economistas (13,2%). Os estudos estão situados em subáreas das Ciências Humanas, constituídas pelos discursos da Psicologia Social e do Desenvolvimento; Ciências da Saúde com destaque para os estudos epidemiológicos, pautados nos conceitos da enfermagem do trabalho e na subárea de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas com os estudos econômicos. Observou-se que os objetos de estudos relacionados ao trabalho infantil focam seu interesse na relação deste com a saúde, a educação, o trabalho e a assistência social, com pouca interdisciplinaridade nas publicações.
Fatores associados à relação sódio/potássio urinária em participantes do ELSA-Brasil
Authors: Pereira Taísa Sabrina Silva , Mill José Geraldo , Cade Nagela Valadão , Griep Rosane Harter , Sichieri Rosely , Molina Maria del Carmen Bisi
Published: July 2019

Resumo: Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar os fatores sociodemográficos associados à estimativa de alta relação de consumo de sódio/potássio. Foram avaliados 15.105 participantes, de 35 a 74 anos, de uma coorte de servidores públicos (ELSA-Brasil). Dados socioeconômicos foram coletados por meio de questionário e realizada coleta urinária de 12 horas noturnas para estimar o consumo de sódio e potássio. A relação sódio/potássio foi calculada em mmol/L e dividida em tercis: 1º tercil corresponde à “baixa” relação; 2º à “intermediária” e 3º tercil à “alta” relação sódio/potássio. Foram comparadas as proporções e médias segundo as classificações do tercil da relação sódio/potássio, utilizando-se os testes de qui-quadrado e análise de variância (ANOVA). Foram testados modelos brutos e ajustados de regressão logística multinomial, tendo como referência o 1º tercil. Os fatores associados à alta relação sódio/potássio foram: sexo masculino (OR = 1,78; IC95%: 1,60-1,98); indivíduos de 35 a 44 anos (OR = 1,71; IC95%: 1,33-2,19); Ensino Fundamental incompleto (OR = 2,38; IC95%: 1,78-3,18) e menor renda (OR = 1,47; IC95%: 1,26-1,73). Verificou-se que os homens, indivíduos mais jovens e de menor escolaridade e renda apresentaram médias mais elevadas da relação sódio/potássio.
Comportamentos em saúde e o controle da hipertensão arterial: resultados do ELSI-BRASIL
Authors: Firmo Josélia Oliveira Araújo , Peixoto Sérgio Viana , Loyola Filho Antônio Ignácio de , Souza-Júnior Paulo Roberto Borges de , Andrade Fabíola Bof de , Lima-Costa Maria Fernanda , Mambrini Juliana Vaz de Melo
Published: July 2019

Resumo: O objetivo foi quantificar a contribuição de comportamentos em saúde selecionados para a prevalência do controle da hipertensão junto a adultos brasileiros com 50 ou mais anos de idade. Foram analisados os dados do ELSI-Brasil. Foram incluídos, no estudo, 4.318 indivíduos com 50 anos ou mais, que relataram ter recebido diagnóstico médico de hipertensão arterial e faziam tratamento medicamentoso para ela. Os comportamentos em saúde selecionados foram: prática de atividade física, adoção de dieta saudável, não consumir de forma excessiva bebida alcoólica e nunca ter fumado. A contribuição de cada comportamento em saúde estudado para a prevalência do controle da hipertensão arterial foi estimada pelo método da atribuição, por meio do ajuste do Modelo Binomial de Riscos Aditivos, estratificado por sexo. A prevalência do controle da hipertensão foi de 50,7% (IC95%: 48,2; 53,1). De maneira geral, os comportamentos em saúde tiveram uma maior contribuição para o controle da hipertensão nas mulheres (66,3%) do que nos homens (36,2%). O consumo moderado de álcool foi o que mais contribuiu em ambos os sexos (52,7% em mulheres; 19% em homens), sendo destacada a sua contribuição para as mulheres. A prática de atividade contribuiu com 12,6% em mulheres e 10,7% em homens. Os demais comportamentos apresentaram maior relevância entre os homens: nunca ter fumado (3,4%) e consumo regular de verduras, legumes e frutas (3,1%). Esses resultados reforçam a necessidade de medidas que promovam a adoção de comportamentos saudáveis entre hipertensos para reduzir os níveis pressóricos, melhorar o efeito dos anti-hipertensivos e diminuir o risco cardiovascular.
Effects of Different Protocols of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Collagen Deposition in Wound Healing
Authors: Cunha John Lennon Silva , Carvalho Felipe Mendes de Andrade de , Pereira Filho Rose Nely , Ribeiro Maria Amália Gonzaga , de Albuquerque-Júnior Ricardo Luiz Cavalcanti
Published: July 2019

Abstract The low-level laser has proven successful in stimulating the production of collagen in wound healing assays. However, diversity has been observed in the protocols used. This work has evaluated the effects of three protocols of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the healing of open wounds in rats. Standard-sized wounds of 1 cm2 were performed with a scalpel in the middorsal region of 60 male Wistar rats weighing 225±25 g, and they were assigned into four groups (n=15): CTR (non-irradiated animals), LT1 (20 J/cm2 daily), LT2 (16 J/cm2 daily) and LT3 (20 J/cm2 daily). After 7, 14 and 21 days, five animals/day were euthanized and the wounds analyzed histologically. Data were subjected to normality analysis of distribution using Shapiro-Wilk test. Gaussian data were analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni tests whereas non-Gaussian data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests, considering significant p values less than 0.05. The LLLT in all protocols reduced the inflammation and collagen deposition increased significantly (p<0.05). However, LT2 showed the highest levels of collagen in all phases of the study (p<0.05) induced faster replacement of immature collagen III by mature collagen I in the early stages of repair and early collagen remodeling promoted by providing better organization architectural beams deposited. It was concluded that all protocols induced an increase in collagen scar. However, the protocol 2 (16 J /cm2, daily application) promoted the most significant increases in collagen deposition, accelerated maturation of collagen and showed the best architecture of the final fibrous scarring.
Influence of Zirconia-Coated Bioactive Glass on Gingival Fibroblast Behavior
Authors: Barros Suelen Aline de Lima , Soares Diana Gabriela , Leite Maria Luísa , Basso Fernanda Gonçalves , Costa Carlos Alberto de Souza , Adabo Gelson Luís
Published: July 2019

Abstract The objective of this study was the development of a bioactive glass coating on zirconia (Zr) to modulate the gingival fibroblast phenotype. For this purpose, Biosilicate® (BS) particles in a water/isopropyl alcohol (1:1) vehicle (6 mg/mL) were applied to zirconia discs followed by thermal treatment at 1100 °C for 20 min. The surface topography (SEM), chemical composition (EDX), surface roughness (Ra; confocal microscopy), surface free energy (goniometry), and color alteration (UV-vis spectrophotometry) were assessed (n=6). Thereafter, L929 fibroblasts were seeded onto Zr and Zr+BS discs, and cell proliferation (Alamar Blue; n=6), morphology (SEM; n=2), migration (wound healing; n=4), and collagen synthesis (Sirius Red; n=6) were evaluated up to 7 days. Data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey tests (a=5%). A homogeneous coating consisting of Si, Na, O, and Ca was detected on the Zr surface after thermal treatment with BS, which led to a significant increase in surface roughness and free energy (p<0.05). No change in color parameters was observed (p>0.05). Cells seeded on the Zr+BS surface featured increased proliferation, collagen expression, and migration capability in comparison with those cultured on plain Zr (p<0.05). SEM images revealed that cell spreading occurred faster in the presence of BS. Therefore, it was concluded that thermal treatment of the Zr surface with BS led to the deposition of a bioactive coating, which induced gingival fibroblast spread, proliferation, migration, and collagen expression in vitro.
Accuracy of Irradiance and Power of Light-Curing Units Measured With Handheld or Laboratory Grade Radiometers
Authors: Giannini Marcelo , André Carolina Bosso , Gobbo Vanessa Cavalli , Rueggeberg Frederick Allen
Published: July 2019

Abstract This study measured and compared exitance irradiance and power of 4 commercial dental light-curing units (LCU) (Elipar S10, Elipar DeepCure-S, Corded VALO and Bluephase Style) using different types of radiometers. The devices used to analyze the LCU were classified as either handheld analog (Henry Schein, Spring, Demetron 100A, Demetron 100B and Demetron 200), handheld digital (Bluephase 1, Bluephase II, Coltolux, CureRite and Hilux), or laboratory instruments (Thermopile and Integrating Sphere). The laboratory instruments and the Bluephase II radiometer were also used to measure the LCU’s power (mW). The LCU’s were activated for 20 s (n=5). Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Student-Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test (a=0.05). Among the LCU, the laboratory instruments presented different irradiance values, except for Corded VALO. The Coltolux and Hilux radiometers measured greater irradiance values compared to the laboratory instruments for the four LCUs tested. Within a given LCU, handheld analog units measured lower irradiance values, compared to handheld digital and laboratory instruments, except using the Spring radiometer for the Elipar S10 LCU. None of the handheld radiometers were able to measure similar irradiance values compared to laboratory instruments, except for Elipar S10 when comparing Bluephase 1 and Thermopile. Regarding power measurement, Bluephase II always presented the lowest values compared to the laboratory instruments. These findings suggest that the handheld radiometers utilized by practitioners (analog or digital) exhibit a wide range of irradiance values and may show lower outcomes compared to laboratory based instruments.
Cytotoxicity, Biocompatibility and Biomineralization of a New Ready-for-Use Bioceramic Repair Material
Authors: Benetti Francine , Queiroz Índia Olinta de Azevedo , Cosme-Silva Leopoldo , Conti Leticia Citelli , Oliveira Sandra Helena Penha de , Cintra Luciano Tavares Angelo
Published: July 2019

Abstract New mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) formulations are constantly introduced in the market, usually in a powder-and-liquid form. Bioceramic (Bio-C) Repair is a ready-for-use material suggested as substitute for MTA, but its properties need to be studied. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity, biocompatibility and biomineralization of Bio-C Repair compared to MTA Repair High-Plasticity (MTA-HP) and white MTA-Angelus (MTA-Ang). L929 fibroblasts were exposed to material-extracted (undiluted, ½ and ¼ dilutions; 6, 24 and 48h). Polyethylene tubes with material or empty (control) were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. After 7 and 30 days (n=8), the specimens were removed for analysis (hematoxylin-eosin, von Kossa and polarized light). Cytotoxicity data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA, and biocompatibility data by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (p<0.05). The cells exposed to the materials had greater viability at most of the periods compared with control (p<0.05). The undiluted and ½ dilutions of MTA-HP extract showed higher cytocompatibility than Bio-C Repair at 6 h and with the ¼ dilution at 24 h (p<0.05); the white MTA-Ang showed higher cytocompatibility than Bio-C Repair at most of periods (p<0.05). The undiluted white MTA-Ang extract had higher cytocompatibility at 6 and 24h than MTA-HP, and with ½ dilution at 24h (p<0.05). The materials’ cytocompatibility was similar at 48h for most dilutions (p>0.05). At 7 and 30 days, the groups had moderate and mild inflammation, respectively (p>0.05). All materials showed positive structures for von Kossa and polarized light. In conclusion, Bio-C Repair had similar cytocompatibility to MTA-based materials is biocompatible and induces biomineralization.
Decomposition Rate, pH, and Enamel Color Alteration of At-Home and In-Office Bleaching Agents
Authors: Cavalli Vanessa , Silva Bruna Guerra da , Berger Sandrine Bittencourt , Marson Fabiano Carlos , Tabchoury Cinthia Pereira Machado , Giannini Marcelo
Published: July 2019

Abstract This study evaluated the decomposition rate (DR), pH, enamel color alteration (DE) and whiteness index (DWI) promoted by at-home and in-office bleaching. Enamel surface was submitted to (n=10): at-home (10%, 15%, 20% carbamide peroxide - CP, 6% hydrogen peroxide -HP) and three 35% HP agents with light irradiation (LED, laser, and halogen) or no treatment (control). The DR and pH of agents were measured after 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h (at-home) or after 5, 15, 20, 30 and 40 min (in-office). Color parameters (L*, a*, b*, DE, DWI) were determined at baseline and after bleaching. DR, pH, L*, a*, b* data were analyzed by one-way (at-home) or two-way (in-office) repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey test. DE and DWI, by one-way (at-home) or two-way (in-office) ANOVA and Tukey test. DR of at-home agents was similar after 6 and 8 h (p>0.05), with pH close to neutral (6.5 to 6.9, CP) or acid 5.9 (6% HP). From 4 to 8 h, DE was higher for 15% and 20% CP compared with 10% CP (p<0.05). After 40 min, DR of 35% HP agents was similar and all exhibited significant DE in one application (p<0.05), regardless light irradiation. DWI indicated whitening effect with no differences among groups (p>0.05). One 35% HP showed alkaline pH, and the others, pH < 5.5. At-home agents could be applied for 2 h (15%, 20% CP, 6% HP) and 4 h (10% CP) and the in-office agents, up to 40 min in one application, without light.
Effect of Glass Fiber Post Adaptation on Push-Out Bond Strength to Root Dentin
Authors: Freitas Thiago Lopes de , Vitti Rafael Pino , Miranda Milton Edson , Brandt William Cunha
Published: July 2019

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different glass fiber posts (GFPs) diameters on the push-out bond strength to dentin. Forty unirradicular human teeth were endodontically treated and used for cementation of GFPs (White Post DC, FGM) with different diameters (n=10): P1 - ø 1.6 mm coronal x 0.85 mm apical; P2 - ø 1.8 mm coronal x 1.05 mm apical; P5 - ø 1.4 mm coronal x 0.65 mm apical; and PC - customized post number 0.5 with composite resin (Tetric Ceram A2, Ivoclair Vivadent). All GFPs were cemented into the root canal using a dual-curing luting composite (Variolink II, Ivoclar Vivadent). One slice (1.7 mm) of each root third of cemented GFP (cervical, middle, and apical) was submitted to push-out testing. Failure modes of all specimens were classified as: adhesive failure between resin cement and post; adhesive failure between dentin and resin cement; cohesive failure within resin cement, post or dentin; and mixed failure. The data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (a=0.05). The highest bond strength values were presented for the P2 and PC groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the GFP thirds in each group. The groups P2, P5, and PC showed predominantly adhesive failure. For P1, the most prevalent type of failure was adhesive between resin cement and post. It may be concluded that a glass fiber post that is well adapted to the root canal presents higher bond strength values, regardless of GFP third.
Solubility, Porosity, Dimensional and Volumetric Change of Endodontic Sealers
Authors: Torres Fernanda Ferrari Esteves , Guerreiro-Tanomaru Juliane Maria , Bosso-Martelo Roberta , Espir Camila Galletti , Camilleri Josette , Tanomaru-Filho Mario
Published: July 2019

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate physical properties of endodontic sealers (AH Plus, MTA Fillapex and Endofill), by conventional and micro-CT tests. Dimensional stability was evaluated after immersion of materials in distilled water for 30 days. Solubility and volumetric change were evaluated after 7 and 30 days of immersion in distilled water. Solubility was evaluated by means of mass loss and volumetric change was assessed by micro-CT. Porosity was evaluated under a microscope after 7 days of immersion in distilled water, and by using micro-CT after setting and immersion in distilled water for 7 and 30 days. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test with 5% significance level. MTA Fillapex presented the highest solubility (p<0.05), showing values above the ISO/ADA recommendations. MTA Fillapex presented higher volumetric and dimensional changes, followed by Endofill and AH Plus (p<0.05). Dimensional stability of the MTA Fillapex and AH Plus did not follow ISO/ADA standards. The highest total porosity was observed for MTA Fillapex (p<0.05). Endofill had higher total porosity than AH Plus according to microscope evaluation (p<0,05), and both sealers were similar in micro-CT assessment (p>0,05). In conclusion, MTA Fillapex presented higher solubility, dimensional and volumetric change besides porosity compared to the other evaluated sealers. The assessed physical properties of sealers are related, and the different tests provided complementary data. Micro-CT is a valuable method for assessment of physical properties of endodontic materials.
Apically Extruded Debris Using Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Associated with Different Root Canal Irrigants
Authors: Arruda-Vasconcelos Rodrigo , Barbosa-Ribeiro Marlos , Louzada Lidiane Mendes , Mantovani Giovanna Dornelas , Gomes Brenda PFA
Published: July 2019

Abstract The present study evaluated the amount of apically extruded debris after chemo-mechanical preparation (CMP) associated with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) using four different root canal irrigants, namely, 6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine gel + saline solution (2% CHXg+SS), 2% chlorhexidine solution (2% CHXs) and SS alone. Sixty mandibular premolars with single straight root canals were selected and randomly assigned into 4 groups (n=15) according to the root canal irrigant used as follows: G1 (PUI + NaOCl), G2 (PUI + CHXg+SS), G3 (PUI+CHXs) and G4 (PUI+SS). Reciproc® R25 files (25/.08) were used during CMP and the debris extruded from each tooth were collected in pre-weighted Eppendorf tubes and dried. The average weight of debris was assessed by using an analytical microbalance. Data were statistically analysed by using ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey’s test (a=0.05). Debris extrusion was observed in all groups, irrespective of the root canal irrigating, with 2% CHXg + SS being associated with lower debris extrusion compared to other irrigants (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed between 6% NaOCl, 2% CHXs and SS. In conclusion, passive ultrasonic irrigation did not completely prevent apically extrusion of debris. PUI performed with 2% chlorhexidine gel + saline solution significantly minimized debris extrusion compared to 6% sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine solution and saline solution.
Crossover Studies of Pediatric Dental Sedation are Inappropriate
Authors: Gomes Heloisa Sousa , Daher Anelise , Costa Paulo Sucasas , Batista Aline Carvalho , Costa Luciane Rezende
Published: July 2019

Abstract Crossover studies continue to be published in spite of warnings about their inherent risks in relation to behavioral outcomes. This study took the opportunity of access to secondary data analysis in order to demonstrate the impact of a crossover design on the outcomes of randomized clinical trials aimed at the behavior of children during dental treatment. We evaluated the effect of the sequence of sedative administration, the sedative and the participant’s age on the behavior of children undergoing two sequential dental visits. Eighteen uncooperative healthy young children were equally randomly assigned to: (G1) 1.0 mg/kg oral midazolam (first session) and oral placebo (second session); (G2) oral placebo (first) and 1.0 mg/kg oral midazolam (second). One trained observer assessed children’s behavior. Data were analyzed by three-way mixed ANOVA. Both midazolam [mean(SD); 71.7%(16.5)] and placebo [48.6%(33.1)] produced more struggling behavior when they were administered in the first session compared to the second one (p=0.001). For the placebo, children aged 2-3 years exhibited more struggling behavior [G1 54.9%(36.2); G2 80.5%(8.3)] than those aged 4-5 years (p=0.04). Also, the reduction of percentage of struggling behavior was higher in G1 for older children (76.2%) and in G2 for younger children (32.9%). There were significant interactions between drug and sequence of administration, and between drug and age. The results of our study confirm the conventional wisdom that crossover study design is inappropriate to evaluate children’s behavior/anxiety related-dental treatment under sedation and the results of crossover studies of dental sedation should be treated with extreme caution.
Irreversible Pulpitis - A Source of Antibiotic Over-Prescription?
Authors: Agnihotry Anirudha , Gill Karanjot Singh , Stevenson III Richard G , Fedorowicz Zbys , Kumar Vijay , Sprakel Julie , Cohen Stephen , Thompson Wendy
Published: July 2019

Abstract Antibiotic resistance is a growing public health concern. Antibiotics continue to be prescribed by some clinicians to resolve dental pain even though research indicates that antibiotics are not effective for treating conditions such as irreversible pulpitis. The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which current research and evidence around irreversible pulpitis has been translated into dental practice and the gaps in dentists’ knowledge. An on-line clinical vignette format survey questionnaire about treatment of irreversible pulpitis was distributed to the members of the Academy of Operative Dentistry and Academy of General Dentistry (US based international dental bodies). Their responses were recorded and evaluated. A total of 403 dentists participated in the survey. Over a third (39.3%) indicated they would prescribe antibiotics for symptomatic irreversible pulpitis in a permanent tooth occurring without any signs of systemic infection. The rest indicated they would not prescribe antibiotics; most of them would prescribe an analgesic combined with pulpectomy. Those who had undertaken advanced education training achieved a significantly higher mean knowledge score compared to those with just a primary dental degree (p=0.011). Similarly, full or part time academicians had a higher mean knowledge score than the clinicians who work only in private practice (p=0.014). Some dentists continue to prescribe antibiotics inappropriately for alleviating pain due to irreversible pulpitis. Antibiotic prescribing practices of dentists with advanced education or academic engagement were better as compared to the other participants. There is clear evidence of antibiotic over-prescribing for irreversible pulpitis which needs to be addressed urgently.
Paradoxos do programa de parteiras tradicionais no contexto das mulheres Krahô
Authors: Gusman Christine Ranier , Rodrigues Douglas Antônio , Villela Wilza Vieira
Published: July 2019

Resumo Este artigo analisa o impacto do Programa Trabalhando com Parteiras Tradicionais no cotidiano de um grupo de mulheres indígenas Krahô. Trata-se de um estudo etnográfico que utilizou a observação e o diário de campo como suportes principais, além de entrevistas pontuais e dados secundários. O trabalho de campo ocorreu entre agosto de 2015 e dezembro de 2016 e envolveu dez mulheres de oito aldeias diferentes. Os resultados apontam uma desconexão entre o objetivo principal do Programa, centrado na valorização e no resgate do saber da parteira, e a realidade no cotidiano das aldeias. Muito embora o programa tenha como público-alvo mulheres que já atuam empiricamente no cenário do parto, houve o entendimento de que as mulheres “tornaram-se parteiras” após o curso. Por consequência, a falta de pagamento e a expectativa frustrada de contratação por parte do “governo”, embora não previstas, foram interpretadas como descaso. Os resultados indicam um viés etnocentrado do Programa, focado na difusão do saber científico e na entrega de materiais fora da lógica de cuidado do grupo em análise. Estudos que avaliem o impacto das ações do Programa em outros contextos, inclusive não indígenas, podem contribuir para os ajustes necessários e a efetiva valorização do trabalho dessas mulheres.
Informalidad laboral y derecho a la salud en México, un análisis crítico
Authors: Medina-Gómez Oswaldo , López-Arellano Oliva
Published: July 2019

Resumen Frente a las condiciones de trabajo definidas en el marco del neoliberalismo implementado en México, se problematiza las dinámicas laborales, identifica los principales problemas de acceso al sistema de salud y de seguridad social y discute la vulneración sistemática de derechos, principalmente del derecho al trabajo, a la seguridad social y a la salud. Se propone contribuir con propuestas para la construcción de un sistema de salud y seguridad social integral, incluyente y solidario que coadyuve a mejorar la vida de trabajadores y trabajadoras.
Participación de las personas usuarias en políticas públicas de salud mental: una revisión integrativa
Authors: Yoma Solana María
Published: July 2019

Resumen El objetivo de esta revisión integrativa fue identificar y analizar artículos científicos sobre la participación de las personas usuarias en las políticas públicas de salud mental. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica durante los meses de noviembre 2016-mayo 2017 en las bases de datos Pubmed, Scielo y Lilacs. La muestra de la revisión integrativa quedó constituida por siete artículos relevantes que se adecuaron a los criterios de inclusión. Los documentos obtenidos fueron analizados a partir del software de análisis hermenéutico Atlas Ti 6.1. Como resultado, se constató un creciente reconocimiento legislativo y gubernamental de la participación de las personas usuarias de servicios de salud mental en políticas públicas; la persistencia de cuestionamientos sobre su “capacidad” para participar; una diversidad de barreras que dificultan su participación exitosa; y algunas estrategias para fortalecer esta participación. Uno de los principales desafíos identificados se vincula a la necesidad de superar las creencias prejuiciosas y estigmatizantes que operan como barreras a su participación efectiva, y construir las adecuaciones necesarias que posibiliten que las personas con discapacidad psicosocial puedan participar en igualdad de condiciones que los demás.