bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МОЛОДЬ ЯК СОЦІАЛЬНО-ДЕМОГРАФІЧНА ГРУПА
Authors: Ступак О. Ю
Published: May 2021

У статті представлена характеристика молоді як соціально-демографічної групи, та підкреслена відсутність чіткого обґрунтування, оскільки вона змінюється залежно від місця, віку, країн. Представники різних наукових течій вбачають свій потенціал у молоді: політологи розглядають її як інноваційний ресурс розвитку країни, соціологи – як соціокультурну спільноту, психологи – як групу з властивими їй психофізичними особливостями дорослішання особи. Кожній науці властива взаємодія з іншими науками, теоретико-методологічне доповнення концепцій, сумісне використання емпіричних даних досліджень. Особливостями соціального складу молодого покоління визначено: наявність значної частки молоді, яка не має у повному розумінні власного соціального статусу; соціальні особливості різних груп молоді визначаються безпосереднім включенням у масові рухи. Молодь як соціально-демографічна група (вік 14–35 роки) складає третю частину (27%) від загальної чисельності усього населення України. Водночас частка молоді в загальній чисельності населення нашої країни за останні п’ять років щодалі знижується. Така демографічна динаміка негативним чином впливає на відтворення населення в цілому та обмежує позитивні зміни в майбутньому. У сучасному європейському суспільстві серед форм участі молоді виокремлено: волонтерська робота; участь у різних формах неформальної освіти; навчання рівний-рівному; активна участь у діяльності молодіжних центрів, клубів та виконання обов’язків у них; консультації; різні рівні участі молодих людей у проєктах та заходах; молодіжні ради, парламенти, форуми. Аналіз вітчизняної молодіжної активності показав використання таких форм участі молоді: створення молодіжного центру; упровадження системи заходів з розвитку професійно-технічної освіти та працевлаштування молоді; навчання фахівців за програмою «Молодіжний працівник»; навчання координаторів студентських центрів праці за Програмою Британської Ради «Активні громадяни»; створення платформ молодіжного розвитку; участь в програмі Erasmus+; реалізація програми національно-патріотичного виховання та волонтерського руху.
PERAN PEMERINTAHAN DESA MENANGGULANGI KEMISKINAN DENGAN PROGRAM JALAN LAIN MENUJU MANDIRI DAN SEJAHTERA
Authors: Sasmito Cahyo , Sopiana Natalia
Published: May 2021

Permasalahan kemiskinanmenjadi masalah utama pemerintahan pusat hingga pemerintahan daerah untuk menanggulangi kemiskinan tersebut, sampai akhirnya dibuatlah Progran Jalan Lain Menuju Mandiri Dan Sejahtera (JALIN MATRA) dengan kelompok sasarannya adalah kepala keluarga perempuan. Programpemerintahanpusat ini sesuai dengan ProgramPemerintahan Provinsi Jawa Timur untukmelaksanakan pembangunan berkelanjutan yang fokusnya rakyat miskin, sasarannyaadalah Kepala Rumah Tangga Perempuan.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, Teknik Pengumpulan Data; observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik Penentuan  Informan:purposive sampling. Analisis Data:melalui  reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Teknik Menguji Keabsahan Data: triangulasi. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan:Peran pemerintahan desa dalam menanggulangi kemiskinan  dengan melaksanakan Progran Jalan Lain Menuju Mandiri Dan Sejahtera (JALIN MATRA) yang didukung dengan pendanaan/anggaran, fasilitas sarana, dan prasarana berupa peralatan yang sesuai dengan usaha yang ditekuni oleh Kepala Rumah Tangga Perempuan yang menjadi kelompok sasaran program iniyang tujuan akhirnya memberdayakan kelompok sasaran program ini mencapai tarap hidup yang mandiri, dan sejahtera.
AKUNTABILITAS PEMBANGUNAN FISIK PEMERINTAH DESA DI DESA JUNREJO KECAMATAN JUNREJO KOTA BATU
Authors: Bagus S Nanang , Ngara Anderias Dedo
Published: May 2021

Akuntabilitas dalam pemerintah desa, dapat melibatkan kemampuan pemerintah desa untuk mempertanggungjawabkan berbagai kegiatan yang dilaksanakan yang masih ada kaitannya dengan masalah pembangunan pemerintahan desa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan, jenis penelitian kualitatif menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Untuk menguji keabsahan data, peneliti menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tahapan perencanaan dalam pembangunan desa di Desa Junrejo kurang efektif dimana dilakukan dengan melihat proses musrembang desa untuk membahas rencana kegiatan pembangunan desa serta bagaimana proses pengelolaan pembangunan desa, dimana dalam tahapan perencanaan ini di ukur dengan jumlah pihak yang berpartisipasi dalam proses musrembang desa. Faktor penghambat akuntabilitas pembangunan fisik desa di desa Junrejo adalah masalah kemampuan sumber daya manusia, yang mana sebagian besar aparatur desa masih berpendidikan SMA/sederajat sehingga akan mengalami kesulitan jika terjadi perubahan kebijakan, masalah berikutnya adalah keterbukaan informasi yang dirasakan masih cukup lambat serta kelembagaan dan partisipasi masyarakat yang belum dimaanfaatkan secara maksimal.
AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN BLOOD CONCENTRATIONS OF GLUCOSE, PROINSULIN AND INSULIN AMONG RESIDENTS OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC
Authors: Bichkaeva F. A. , Kovalenko T. B. , Bichkaev A. A. , Shengof B. A. , Tretyakova T. V.
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Extreme natural and climatic conditions of the Arctic have led to development of a special type of glucose metabolism and its regulating links, although the evidence on age-related changes in these mechanisms among Arctic residents is still scarce. Aim: To study age-related changes in blood concentrations of glucose, proinsulin and insulin in residents of Russian circumpolar territories. Methods: In total 1 058 healthy individuals of both genders aged 16-74 years took part in a multicenter cross-sectional study. Of them, 629 permanently lived in the Arctic region while 429 were residents of the Subarctic areas. By age the participants were classified as 16-21, 22-35, 36-45, 46-60 and 61-74 years old. Concentrations of proinsulin and insulin were determined by the enzyme immunoassay methods while glucose level was assessed by spectrophotometric analysis. Between group differences in numeric characteristics were analyzed using Mann-Whitney tests with Bonferroni correction. Associations between variables were studied by non-parametric correlation analysis. Results. Blood glucose concentration increased with age. Among the 16-21-year-olds, higher concentrations of glucose was observed among Subarctic residents. Regional differences reduced in parallel with age. In the Arctic region, an increase in blood glucose in comparison with the youngest group began from 22-35 years while in the Subarctic region. The proportion of people with high glucose levels in age-groups 46-60 and 61-74 years was greater among the Arctic residents compared with their Subarctic counterparts (22.5% and 33.3 % vs. 14.7% and 27.9 %). This was combined with greater proportions of people in the AR with increased proinsulin levels (37.5% and 33.3 % vs. 24.7% and 28.8%) and decreased levels of insulin (57.5% and 53.8 % vs. 74.0 and 36.8 %). Conclusion: A gradual decrease in glucose utilization with age seems to be associated with a decrease in the intensity of proinsulin processing into insulin suggesting early depletion of the functional and receptor activity of pancreatic p-cells. The changes were more pronounced among the residents of the Arctic areas compared to their Subarctic counterparts.
Устройство для подачи огнетушащего порошкового состава
Authors: Zhurov Mark M. , Mikanovich Dmitriy S. , Ryzhkov Mikhail B.
Published: May 2021

Цель. Усовершенствовать устройство подачи огнетушащих порошковых составов, исследовать параметры подачи огнетушащего порошка предлагаемым устройством.

Методы. Экспериментальное определение дальности струи огнетушащего порошка и рабочего давления в баллоне огнетушителя. Теоретические расчеты текучести огнетушащего порошкового состава в зависимости от рабочего давления в баллоне огнетушителя.

Результаты. Исследованы параметры рабочего давления и текучести огнетушащего порошка на протяжении времени использования всего заряда огнетушителя. Установлены средние значения текучести огнетушащего порошка и рабочего давления в баллоне порошкового огнетушителя, применяемого в МЧС, а также с модернизированной конструкцией. По результатам исследований установлено, что модернизированная конструкция огнетушителя обеспечивает увеличение дальности подачи и текучести порошка. Практически доказана эффективность предлагаемой конструкции порошкового огнетушителя.

Область применения исследований. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы для оптимизации конструкции порошкового огнетушителя.
Análise sensorial e aceitabilidade de méis de diferentes floradas oriundas de três municípios do Nordeste Paraense
Authors: Vasconcelos Emanoel dos Santos , Silva Silvana dos Santos , Pamplona Vanessa Mayara Souza , Rodrigues Alessandra Epifanio , Oliveira Graziela Teixeira de , Silva Michele Velasco Oliveira da , Dias Lilian de Nazaré Santos
Published: May 2021

O mel é pelo homem como alimento e por suas propriedades terapêuticas desde a pré-história, além de ser uma ótima   fonte de diversos nutrientes, nesse sentido é importante conhecer a relação que os consumidores têm com esse alimento. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil sensorial e a aceitabilidade de méis de três diferentes origens florais. O experimento foi realizado em outubro de 2019, no Laboratório de Tecnologia de Alimentos da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, no campus de Paragominas, Pará. Foram utilizadas três amostras de méis de diferentes origens florais, uma proveniente de Terra Alta, Pará, outra amostra foi proveniente da cidade de Primavera, Pará, e por fim, a última amostra foi oriunda da cidade de Santa Maria, Pará. Os avaliadores leram e assinaram um termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido e posteriormente, preencheram um questionário estruturado. Foi aplicado o teste de aceitabilidade, sendo utilizado a escala hedônica de nove pontos. Foi avaliada a intenção de compra das amostras de mel aplicando-se uma escala estruturada de cinco pontos. Os dados foram organizados em planilhas do Microsoft Excel. Para verificar qual amostra de mel teve maior aceitação pelos avaliadores realizou-se o teste não paramétrico de Kruskal Wallis, com o auxílio do software SPSS. De modo geral, a amostra que obteve a maior aceitação foi a amostra B, seguida da amostra C e por último a amostra A.
Endodontic Treatment in a single session in a patient with Chronic Non-Progressive Encephalopathy: Case report
Authors: Miranda Victoria Eduarda Vasconcelos Liberato , Silva Zayne Barros da , Curi Davi Silva Carvalho , Bem Milcyara Cunha de Lucena , Menezes Valdenice Aparecida de , Zink Adriana Gledys
Published: May 2021

This study aims to report a one-session endodontic treatment of a patient with chronic Non-progressive encephalopathy (CNPE). A patient with CNPE attended our postgraduate clinic for patients with special needs. During the anamnesis, the patient's brother, who is his legal representative, reported discomfort with the esthetics of the patient's anterior tooth and that the patient felt discomfort when touching the same dental element. After detailed anamnesis and elaboration of the treatment plan, endodontic treatment of element 11 (upper right central incisor) and coronary reconstruction were performed. Taking care of patients with cerebral palsy is still a challenge in dentistry. This is because care has to be taken when carrying out necessary interventions in these patients. This treatment aims at the positive resolution of their pathological condition and well-being. The possibility of endodontic treatment in a single session makes treatment more humane and less mutilating.
Antioxidant-Based Therapy Reduces Early-Stage Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats
Authors: Gutiérrez-Sánchez Gaizka , García-Alonso Ignacio , Gutiérrez Sáenz de Santa María Jorge , Alonso-Varona Ana , Herrero de la Parte Borja
Published: May 2021

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (i-IRI) is a rare disorder with a high mortality rate, resulting from the loss of blood flow to an intestinal segment. Most of the damage is triggered by the restoration of flow and the arrival of cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS), among others. Inactivation of these molecules before tissue reperfusion could reduce intestinal damage. The aim of this work was to analyze the preventive effect of allopurinol and nitroindazole on intestinal mucosal damage after i-IRI. Wag/RijHsd rats were subjected to i-IRI by clamping the superior mesenteric artery (for 1 or 2 h) followed by a 30 min period of reperfusion. Histopathological intestinal damage (HID) was assessed by microscopic examination of histological sections obtained from injured intestine. HID was increased by almost 20% by doubling the ischemia time (from 1 to 2 h). Nitroindazole reduced HID in both the 1 and 2 h period of ischemia by approximately 30% and 60%, respectively (p < 0.001). Our preliminary results demonstrate that nitroindazole has a preventive/protective effect against tissue damage in the early stages of i-IRI. However, to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, further studies are needed.
Pharmacological Blockade of PPARα Exacerbates Inflammatory Pain-Related Impairment of Spatial Memory in Rats
Authors: Gaspar Jessica C. , Healy Catherine , Ferdousi Mehnaz I. , Roche Michelle , Finn David P.
Published: May 2021

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-dependent transcription factors that exist in three isoforms: PPARα, PPARβ/δ and PPARγ. Studies suggest that the PPAR signalling system may modulate pain, anxiety and cognition. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether endogenous signalling via PPARs differentially modulates innate anxiety responses and mnemonic function in the presence and absence of inflammatory pain. We examined the effects of intraperitoneal administration of GW6471 (PPARα antagonist), GSK0660 (PPARβ/δ antagonist), GW9662 (PPARγ antagonist), and N-palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) on rat behaviour in the elevated plus maze (EPM), open field (OF), light-dark box (LDB), and novel object recognition (NOR) tests in the presence or absence of chronic inflammatory pain. Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA)-injected rats exhibited impaired recognition and spatial mnemonic performance in the NOR test and pharmacological blockade of PPARα further impaired spatial memory in CFA-treated rats. N-oleoylethanolamide (OEA) levels were higher in the dorsal hippocampus in CFA-injected animals compared to their counterparts. The results suggest a modulatory effect of CFA-induced chronic inflammatory pain on cognitive processing, but not on innate anxiety-related responses. Increased OEA-PPARα signalling may act as a compensatory mechanism to preserve spatial memory function following CFA injection.
Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents: To Do or Not to Do?
Authors: Calcaterra Valeria , Cena Hellas , Pelizzo Gloria , Porri Debora , Regalbuto Corrado , Vinci Federica , Destro Francesca , Vestri Elettra , Verduci Elvira , Bosetti Alessandra , Zuccotti Gianvincenzo , Stanford Fatima Cody
Published: May 2021

Pediatric obesity is a multifaceted disease that can impact physical and mental health. It is a complex condition that interweaves biological, developmental, environmental, behavioral, and genetic factors. In most cases lifestyle and behavioral modification as well as medical treatment led to poor short-term weight reduction and long-term failure. Thus, bariatric surgery should be considered in adolescents with moderate to severe obesity who have previously participated in lifestyle interventions with unsuccessful outcomes. In particular, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is considered the most commonly performed bariatric surgery worldwide. The procedure is safe and feasible. The efficacy of this weight loss surgical procedure has been demonstrated in pediatric age. Nevertheless, there are barriers at the patient, provider, and health system levels, to be removed. First and foremost, more efforts must be made to prevent decline in nutritional status that is frequent after bariatric surgery, and to avoid inadequate weight loss and weight regain, ensuring successful long-term treatment and allowing healthy growth. In this narrative review, we considered the rationale behind surgical treatment options, outcomes, and clinical indications in adolescents with severe obesity, focusing on LSG, nutritional management, and resolution of metabolic comorbidities.
Accurate and Efficient Derivative-Free Three-Phase Power Flow Method for Unbalanced Distribution Networks
Authors: Montoya Oscar Danilo , Giraldo Juan S. , Grisales-Noreña Luis Fernando , Chamorro Harold R. , Alvarado-Barrios Lazaro
Published: May 2021

The power flow problem in three-phase unbalanced distribution networks is addressed in this research using a derivative-free numerical method based on the upper-triangular matrix. The upper-triangular matrix is obtained from the topological connection among nodes of the network (i.e., through a graph-based method). The main advantage of the proposed three-phase power flow method is the possibility of working with single-, two-, and three-phase loads, including Δ- and Y-connections. The Banach fixed-point theorem for loads with Y-connection helps ensure the convergence of the upper-triangular power flow method based an impedance-like equivalent matrix. Numerical results in three-phase systems with 8, 25, and 37 nodes demonstrate the effectiveness and computational efficiency of the proposed three-phase power flow formulation compared to the classical three-phase backward/forward method and the implementation of the power flow problem in the DigSILENT software. Comparisons with the backward/forward method demonstrate that the proposed approach is 47.01%, 47.98%, and 36.96% faster in terms of processing times by employing the same number of iterations as when evaluated in the 8-, 25-, and 37-bus systems, respectively. An application of the Chu-Beasley genetic algorithm using a leader–follower optimization approach is applied to the phase-balancing problem utilizing the proposed power flow in the follower stage. Numerical results present optimal solutions with processing times lower than 5 s, which confirms its applicability in large-scale optimization problems employing embedding master–slave optimization structures.
Prediction of the Atmospheric Dustiness over the Black Sea Region Using the WRF-Chem Model
Authors: Papkova Anna , Papkov Stanislav , Shukalo Dmitrii
Published: May 2021

To make a reliable forecast for the level of dust, many external factors such as the wind energy and the soil content in the moisture must be considered. The numerical prediction of the Black sea region’s content of dust is the focus of this study, and for this purpose, the WRF-Chem model is used. The investigation is based on the statistics of the prediction coincidence and the actual result extracted from the data of the backward trajectories of AERONET and aerosol stratification maps in the atmosphere constructed with the help of the CALIPSO satellite. A comprehensive set of data was collected, and a comparative analysis of the results was carried out using machine learning techniques. The investigation identified 89% hits in the prediction of dust events, which is a very satisfactory result.
Elaboration of Gluten-Free Cookies with Defatted Seed Flours: Effects on Technological, Nutritional, and Consumer Aspects
Authors: Martínez Elena , García-Martínez Rita , Álvarez-Ortí Manuel , Rabadán Adrián , Pardo-Giménez Arturo , Pardo José E.
Published: May 2021

Cookies, which form the largest category of bakery snacks, are considered a good vehicle to introduce nutrients into the diet. In this study, to increase the nutritional value of traditional commercial cookies, wheat flour was substituted with defatted flours made from flax, sesame, chia, and poppy, which are byproducts of the oil extraction industry. The differences in the technological properties, nutritional composition, and consumer acceptance of the reformulated cookies were evaluated. The results show that the wheat cookies used as the control showed a more elastic behavior than the cookies elaborated with defatted seed flours, which showed a greater tendency to crumble. The use of defatted seed flours yielded cookies with a higher content of protein and fiber, and a lower content in carbohydrates than the wheat cookies. Consumer evaluations for the sesame and flax cookies were similar to those for the traditional wheat cookies, with positive assessments on all of the parameters evaluated. On the other hand, the cookies elaborated using chia and poppy flours received the least positive evaluations from consumers. Thus, the use of some defatted seed flours, mainly flax and sesame, is proposed as an interesting alternative to produce health-promoting cookies in order to cover the current demand for gluten-free products.
Fiordilatte Cheese Fortified with Inulin from Cichorium intybus or Cynara cardunculus
Authors: Melilli Maria Grazia , Costa Cristina , Lucera Annalisa , Padalino Lucia , Del Nobile Matteo Alessandro , Conte Amalia
Published: May 2021

The influence of two different types of inulin added to fiordilatte cheese was assessed on product quality during the proper refrigerated storage period. To this aim, the fresh cheese was produced by a pilot plant, adding inulin, either from chicory (low degree of polymerization) or from cardoon (high degree of polymerization), during the stretching phase of the production process. Microbiological stability, sensory acceptability, texture and color changes of fortified dairy food during storage were measured and compared to the control cheese. Results suggest that inulin from different sources, even if characterized by a different degree of polymerization, can keep the texture and color of fiordilatte during storage. Microbiological analyses highlight that inulin seemed to promote a faster Pseudomonas spp. growth; however, the viable cell concentrations were found to be comparable in all the samples after one week. Enterobacteriaceae growth was faster when inulin from chicory was used. Sensory analysis shows that inulin addition to fiordilatte promoted the sensory quality preservation during storage; in fact, the fortified cheese overall quality was found to be always higher (p < 0.05) than that of the control sample, thus suggesting that inulin addition to fiordilatte represents a valid strategy for its fiber fortification.
New Approaches for the Observation of Transient Phenomena in Critical Marine Environment
Authors: Ferretti Roberta , Caccia Massimo , Coltorti Massimo , Ivaldi Roberta
Published: May 2021

This paper focuses on the development of new approaches to observe transient phenomena in critical marine environments using autonomous marine vehicles (AMVs) for the acquisition of physical and biogeochemical parameters of water and seabed characterization. The connection with metrological principles, together with the adoption of observing methodologies adjustable according to the specific marine environment being studied, allows researchers to obtain results that are reliable, reproducible, and comparable with those obtained through the classic monitoring methodologies. Tests were executed in dramatically dynamic, sensitive, and fragile areas, where the study and application of new methodologies is required to observe phenomena strongly localized in space and requiring very high resolutions, in time. Moreover, the harsh environmental conditions may present risks not only for the quality and quantity of the acquired data but also for the instrumentation and the operators. This is the case, for instance, in polar marine environments in proximity of tidal glaciers and in the Mediterranean Sea in areas characterized by seabed degassing activities, where AMV-supported monitoring procedures can allow for the safe observation of not repeatable and not completely predictable events.
A Shuffle-Based Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for Solving Integer Programming and Minimax Problems
Authors: Brajević Ivona
Published: May 2021

The artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is a prominent swarm intelligence technique due to its simple structure and effective performance. However, the ABC algorithm has a slow convergence rate when it is used to solve complex optimization problems since its solution search equation is more of an exploration than exploitation operator. This paper presents an improved ABC algorithm for solving integer programming and minimax problems. The proposed approach employs a modified ABC search operator, which exploits the useful information of the current best solution in the onlooker phase with the intention of improving its exploitation tendency. Furthermore, the shuffle mutation operator is applied to the created solutions in both bee phases to help the search achieve a better balance between the global exploration and local exploitation abilities and to provide a valuable convergence speed. The experimental results, obtained by testing on seven integer programming problems and ten minimax problems, show that the overall performance of the proposed approach is superior to the ABC. Additionally, it obtains competitive results compared with other state-of-the-art algorithms.
Slip Effects on MHD Squeezing Flow of Jeffrey Nanofluid in Horizontal Channel with Chemical Reaction
Authors: Mat Noor Nur Azlina , Shafie Sharidan , Admon Mohd Ariff
Published: May 2021

The heat and mass transfer characteristics on hydromagnetic squeeze flow of Jeffrey nanofluid between two plates over a permeable medium by slip condition with the influences of viscous dissipation and chemical reaction is examined. Buongiorno’s nanofluid model, which includes Brownian motion and thermophoresis impacts, is implemented in this research. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed to the nonlinear ordinary differential equations via asimilarity transformation. The transformed equations are solved by employing numerical techniques of Keller-box. A comparison of the skin friction coefficient, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers with reported outputs in the journals are carried out to validate the present outputs. An excellent agreement is found. The results show that the squeezing of plates accelerates the velocity and wall shear stress. Furthermore, the velocity, temperature and concentration profile decrease when the Hartmann number and ratio of relaxation and retardation times increases. The raise in thermophoresis and viscous dissipation elevate the temperature profile and the heat transfer rate. Furthermore, the mass transfer rate declines due to the strong Brownian motion in the nanofluid, whereas it increases with the addition of chemical reaction and thermophoresis.
Overview and Choice of Artificial Intelligence Approaches for Night-Time Adaptive Optics Reconstruction
Authors: García Riesgo Francisco , Suárez Gómez Sergio Luis , Santos Jesús Daniel , Díez Alonso Enrique , Sánchez Lasheras Fernando
Published: May 2021

Adaptive optics (AO) is one of the most relevant systems for ground-based telescopes image correction. AO is characterized by demanding computational systems that must be able to quickly manage large amounts of data, trying to make all the calculations needed the closest to real-time. Furthermore, next generations of telescopes that are already being constructed will demand higher computational requirements. For these reasons, artificial neural networks (ANNs) have recently become one alternative to commonly used tomographic reconstructions based on several algorithms as the least-squares method. ANNs have shown its capacity to model complex physical systems, as well as predicting values in the case of nocturnal AO where some models have already been tested. In this research, a comparison in terms of quality of the outputs given and computational time needed is presented between three of the most common ANN topologies used nowadays, to obtain the one that fits better these AO systems requirements. Multi-layer perceptron (MLP), convolutional neural networks (CNN) and fully convolutional neural networks (FCN) are considered. The results presented determine the way forward for the development of reconstruction systems based on ANNs for future telescopes, as the ones being under construction for solar observations.
Theoretical Investigation of the Prospect to Tailor ZnO Electronic Properties with VP Thin Films
Authors: Kholtobina Anastasiia S. , Kovaleva Evgenia A. , Melchakova Julia , Ovchinnikov Sergey G. , Kuzubov Alexander A.
Published: May 2021

The atomic and electronic structure of vanadium phosphide one- to four-atomic-layer thin films and their composites with zinc oxide substrate are modelled by means of quantum chemistry. Favorable vanadium phosphide to ZnO orientation is defined and found to remain the same for all the structures under consideration. The electronic structure of the composites is analyzed in detail. The features of the charge and spin density distribution are discussed.
A Paradigm Shift in Tissue Engineering: From a Top–Down to a Bottom–Up Strategy
Authors: Schmidt Theresa , Xiang Yu , Bao Xujin , Sun Tao
Published: May 2021

Tissue engineering (TE) was initially designed to tackle clinical organ shortage problems. Although some engineered tissues have been successfully used for non-clinical applications, very few (e.g., reconstructed human skin) have been used for clinical purposes. As the current TE approach has not achieved much success regarding more broad and general clinical applications, organ shortage still remains a challenging issue. This very limited clinical application of TE can be attributed to the constraints in manufacturing fully functional tissues via the traditional top–down approach, where very limited cell types are seeded and cultured in scaffolds with equivalent sizes and morphologies as the target tissues. The newly proposed developmental engineering (DE) strategy towards the manufacture of fully functional tissues utilises a bottom–up approach to mimic developmental biology processes by implementing gradual tissue assembly alongside the growth of multiple cell types in modular scaffolds. This approach may overcome the constraints of the traditional top–down strategy as it can imitate in vivo-like tissue development processes. However, several essential issues must be considered, and more mechanistic insights of the fundamental, underpinning biological processes, such as cell–cell and cell–material interactions, are necessary. The aim of this review is to firstly introduce and compare the number of cell types, the size and morphology of the scaffolds, and the generic tissue reconstruction procedures utilised in the top–down and the bottom–up strategies; then, it will analyse their advantages, disadvantages, and challenges; and finally, it will briefly discuss the possible technologies that may overcome some of the inherent limitations of the bottom–up strategy.
Calcium Carbonate as Functional Filler in Polyamide 12-Manipulation of the Thermal and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Ippolito Fabio , Hübner Gunter , Claypole Tim , Gane Patrick
Published: May 2021

Adjusting the thermal response properties of a polymeric compound can significantly improve the usability in a selective laser-sintering process. As previously shown, combining a precise amount of coarse and narrow size distribution fine calcium carbonate fillers results in a potential optimization of the thermal properties of a polyamide 12 matrix. Additionally, up to 60% of the normally associated lost ductility can be re-gained by surface modification, thus functionalizing the filler. To optimize the functionality further this study combines a precisely defined particle size ratio of fillers adopting a specially selected surface modification using amino hexanoic acid. Morphology of the carbonate filler was also investigated. The range of effect of each parameter on the thermal response and mechanical properties was studied. The results show that the thermal properties have large potential to be optimized, without reducing the ductility significantly, by adjusting the morphology and size ratio of coarse and fine filler particles. The compound properties were demonstrated using a twin-screw extruder, indicating the potential for producing a preparate composite for additive manufacturing.
Labeling of Hinokitiol with 90Y for Potential Radionuclide Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Bouvry Christelle , Ardisson Valérie , Noiret Nicolas , Garin Etienne , Lepareur Nicolas
Published: May 2021

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of primary liver tumors, is the fifth cancer in the world in terms of incidence, and third in terms of mortality. Despite significant advances in the treatment of HCC, its prognosis remains bleak. Transarterial radioembolization with radiolabeled microspheres and Lipiodol has demonstrated significant effectiveness. Here we present a new, simple radiolabeling of Lipiodol with Yttrium-90, for the potential treatment of HCC.
Degradation of Landfill Leachate Using UV-TiO2 Photocatalysis Combination with Aged Waste Reactors
Authors: Wang Chunlian , Sun Xiaojie , Shan Huijun , Zhang Hongxia , Xi Beidou
Published: May 2021

This study explored the performance of TiO2 nanoparticles in combination with aged waste reactors to treat landfill leachate. The optimum conditions for synthesis of TiO2 were determined by a series of characterizations and removal rates of methyl orange. The effect of the ultraviolet irradiation time, amount of the catalyst, and pH on the removal efficiency for the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color in the leachate was explored to determine the optimal process conditions, which were 500 min, 4 g/L and 8.88, respectively. The removal rates for COD and chroma under three optimal conditions were obtained by the single factor control method: 89% and 70%; 95.56% and 70%; and 85% and 87.5%, respectively. Under optimal process conditions, the overall average removal rates for ammonium nitrogen (NH4+–N) and COD in the leachate for the combination of TiO2 nanoparticles and an aged waste reactor were 98.8% and 32.5%, respectively, and the nitrate (NO3−–N) and nitrite nitrogen (NO2–N) concentrations were maintained at 7–9 and 0.01–0.017 mg/L, respectively. TiO2 nanoparticles before and after the photocatalytic reaction were characterized by emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. In addition, TiO2 nanoparticles have excellent recyclability, showing the potential of the photocatalytic/biological combined treatment of landfill leachate. This simulation of photocatalysis-landfilling could be a baseline study for the implementation of technology at the pilot scale.
Side Effects and Perceptions Following COVID-19 Vaccination in Jordan: A Randomized, Cross-Sectional Study Implementing Machine Learning for Predicting Severity of Side Effects
Authors: Hatmal Ma’mon M. , Al-Hatamleh Mohammad A. I. , Olaimat Amin N. , Hatmal Malik , Alhaj-Qasem Dina M. , Olaimat Tamadur M. , Mohamud Rohimah
Published: May 2021

Background: Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic, there was no doubt that vaccination is the ideal protocol to tackle it. Within a year, a few COVID-19 vaccines have been developed and authorized. This unparalleled initiative in developing vaccines created many uncertainties looming around the efficacy and safety of these vaccines. This study aimed to assess the side effects and perceptions following COVID-19 vaccination in Jordan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by distributing an online survey targeted toward Jordan inhabitants who received any COVID-19 vaccines. Data were statistically analyzed and certain machine learning (ML) tools, including multilayer perceptron (MLP), eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest (RF), and K-star were used to predict the severity of side effects. Results: A total of 2213 participants were involved in the study after receiving Sinopharm, AstraZeneca, Pfizer-BioNTech, and other vaccines (38.2%, 31%, 27.3%, and 3.5%, respectively). Generally, most of the post-vaccination side effects were common and non-life-threatening (e.g., fatigue, chills, dizziness, fever, headache, joint pain, and myalgia). Only 10% of participants suffered from severe side effects; while 39% and 21% of participants had moderate and mild side effects, respectively. Despite the substantial variations between these vaccines in the presence and severity of side effects, the statistical analysis indicated that these vaccines might provide the same protection against COVID-19 infection. Finally, around 52.9% of participants suffered before vaccination from vaccine hesitancy and anxiety; while after vaccination, 95.5% of participants have advised others to get vaccinated, 80% felt more reassured, and 67% believed that COVID-19 vaccines are safe in the long term. Furthermore, based on the type of vaccine, demographic data, and side effects, the RF, XGBoost, and MLP gave both high accuracies (0.80, 0.79, and 0.70, respectively) and Cohen’s kappa values (0.71, 0.70, and 0.56, respectively). Conclusions: The present study confirmed that the authorized COVID-19 vaccines are safe and getting vaccinated makes people more reassured. Most of the post-vaccination side effects are mild to moderate, which are signs that body’s immune system is building protection. ML can also be used to predict the severity of side effects based on the input data; predicted severe cases may require more medical attention or even hospitalization.
The Relevance of Monoclonal Antibodies in the Treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Torrente-López Anabel , Hermosilla Jesús , Navas Natalia , Cuadros-Rodríguez Luis , Cabeza José , Salmerón-García Antonio
Published: May 2021

Major efforts have been made in the search for effective treatments since the outbreak of the COVID-19 infection in December 2019. Extensive research has been conducted on drugs that are already available and new treatments are also under development. Within this context, therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been the subject of widespread investigation focusing on two target-based groups, i.e., non-SARS-CoV-2 specific mAbs, that target immune system responses, and SARS-CoV-2 specific mAbs, designed to neutralize the virus protein structure. Here we review the latest literature about the use of mAbs in order to describe the state of the art of the clinical trials and the benefits of using these biotherapeutics in the treatment of COVID-19. The clinical trials considered in the present review include both observational and randomized studies. We begin by presenting the studies conducted using non-SARS-CoV-2 specific mAbs for treating different immune disorders that were already on the market. Within this group of mAbs, we focus particularly on anti-IL-6/IL-6R. This is followed by a discussion of the studies on SARS-CoV-2 specific mAbs. Our findings indicate that SARS-CoV-2 specific mAbs are significantly more effective than non-specific ones.
Analysis of the operation processes and application of optimization tools to improve the productivity of operations in an Automotive Service Center
Authors: Marcial-Olalde Ana Delia , García-Duarte Oscar Enrique
Published: May 2021

The management of operations in any business unit has been a fundamental element that contributes to increasing its productivity. In order to establish improvement action plans that contribute to generating more efficient operations that improve productivity and the quality of the service provided, it is important to understand how these operations are carried out and the productive factors that intervene to optimize them within organizations. This article shows an analysis on the analysis of operations in an automotive service center, through a study of times carried out on the technical staff of the center, identifying productive and unproductive times, making an analysis of the sequence of operations, identifying operations that represent bottlenecks in the process, as well as the elements available to the staff to carry out their work. An analysis will be carried out of the work carried out in accordance with the repair orders entered at the service center from receipt to delivery, so that an opportunity area is established in the processes that are carried out to generate improvements that contribute to optimization of the resources.
Regional Financial Performance Before and After The Regional Autonomy in Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Susanto Djoko , Badrudin Rudy , Marlia Nuri
Published: May 2021

Abstract The purpose of this study to examines and analyze differences the financial performance of local governments before and after decentralization. Through regional autonomy, local government has the authority to explore the role of the allocation of income and perform independently in setting development priorities. It is based on Law No. 23/2014 on Regional Government and Law No. 33/2004 on Financial Balance between Central and Local Government. The sample in this study were all districts in Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) in the period of 1994 to 2015. The sample used is districts in DIY namely Bantul, Gunungkidul, Kulon Progo, Sleman Regency, and Yogyakarta City. Data used in this research is secondary data. Data analysis using Paired Sample T - Test. These results indicate that there is no difference of fiscal decentralization degrees in districts in DIY before and after regional autonomy; there is no difference of regional financial independence ratio in districts in DIY before and after regional autonomy; and there is differences of regional financial in harmony ratio in districts in DIY before and after regional autonomy.
KLASIFIKASI AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE MENGGUNAKAN FITUR SCALE INVARIANT FEATURE TRANSFORM DAN JARINGAN SARAF TIRUAN
Authors: Alviando Muhammad Restu , Al Rivan Muhammad Ezar , Yoannita Yoannita
Published: May 2021

American Sign Language (ASL) is a sign language in the world. This study uses the neural network method as a classification and the scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) as feature extraction. Training data and test data for ASL images were extracted using the SIFT feature, then ANN training was conducted using 17 training functions with 2 hidden layers. There are architecture used [250-5-10-24], [250-5-15-24] and [250-15-15-24] so there are 3 different ANN architectures. Each architecture is performed 3 times so that there are 9 experiments (3 x 3 trials run the program). Determination of the number of neurons concluded by the training function is selected by the best test results on the test data. Based on the training function and the extraction of SIFT features as input values ​​in the neural network it can be concluded that from 17 training functions, trainb with neuron architecture [250-5-10-24] becomes the best training function producing an accuracy value of 95%, precision of 15 % and recall 5%.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Permainan EscapeMenggunakan Logika Fuzzy Dan Algoritma Floyd Warshall
Authors: Prabowo Adrianus , Devella Siska , Yohannes Yohannes
Published: May 2021

Aplikasi permainan ESCAPE merupakan permainan yang mengandalkan player untuk keluar dari labirin tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan Logika Fuzzy untuk membuat perilaku komputer menjadi susah ditebak dan Floyd Warshall untuk membuat item jebakan menghalangi player saat bermain. Aplikasi permainan ini dibangun dan dirancang dengan menggunakan Unity 3D dan menggunakan metodologi prototype. Hasil uji dari data sampel menunjukkan bahwa logika fuzzy berhasil diterapkan dalam menentukan perilaku NPC. Hasil uji dari data sampel yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa kemunculan item jebakan berhasil diterapkan pada aplikasi permainan ESCAPE.
ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION OF SMART CAMPUS BIG DATA BASED ON FACE RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Junjie Zhou , Tongna Liu
Published: May 2021

This article focuses on the combination of smart campus and face recognition technology, uses face recognition system to collect a large number of
campus data, and uses data analysis means to carry out multi-dimensional analysis of data, according to different needs to send the analysis results
to each service object.Pay attention to the integration of technology and application, strengthen the cooperation and cohesion of university campus
information, and realize the value of smart campus.
LESSONS FROM THE FIRST COVID WAVE AND STRAIN - A STUDY OF PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS IN THE PANDEMIC - FACTORS ASSOCIATED AND PREVENTIVE STRATEGIES
Authors: Unavane Ojas , Rupani Karishma , Makwana Kajal , Adarkar Shilpa , Anand Upali
Published: May 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected people worldwide. Desperate times (SARS COV-2 being a novel virus) called in for
desperate measures in that right from its containment strategies to failed treatment trials have had various ramications affecting various spheres of
our lives. It has already been established that the pandemic has taken a toll on mental health, cutting across all strata of society. However, apart from
the pandemic in it itself as a causative factor, there are various other factors contributing to the increase in the mental health burden; some of which
are modiable. An in-depth understanding of these modiable risk factors is the need of the hour, so that policies and guidelines can be framed
accordingly to salvage what can be; of the mental health of the population at large. Understanding these modiable risk factors are lessons learned
which will help us mitigate the mental health morbidity during the subsequent waves of the Pandemic.
Aim: To study the prevalence and factors associated with the psychiatric morbidity in the general population during the COVID - 19 pandemic.
Methods: The data was collected by snowball sampling using an online form to collect the demographic and clinical variables with the DASS - 21
scale appended.
Conclusion: The prevalence of depression and anxiety was found to be 25.3 % and 26.2 % respectively. The signicant factors associated with
psychiatric morbidity ranged across the psychological biological and social domains, some non-modiable whilst others modiable risk factors.
The modiable factors identied were substance use, past history of psychiatric illness, chronic physical illness, increased screen time use,
watching news (online) about the pandemic, working hours, disruption of a daily routine and a change in the lifestyle of people