bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Osteoconductive and Osteoinductive Properties of Zeolite MFI Coatings on Titanium Alloys
Authors: Bedi Rajwant S. , Zanello Laura P. , Yan Yushan
Published: November 2009

The use of zeolite MFI‐coated titanium alloy for bone cell growth and new bone formation in vitro is investigated. The corrosion‐resistant MFI coating is shown to be osteoconductive and to promote proliferation of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOBs) as compared to bare titanium alloy, Ti6Al4V. The zeolite crystal microstructure appears to facilitate osteoblast adhesion and induces osteointegration, as evaluated with microscopy. In addition, the zeolite promotes the differentiation of hFOBs into mature osteoblasts, as well as the production of a mineralized matrix at earlier times in culture compared to Ti6Al4V, indicating higher osteoinductive properties of the MFI coating than titanium alone. A significant increase in the expression of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP‐2) gene is measured in hFOBs cultured on zeolite coatings compared to bare Ti6Al4V. This is the first report on highly corrosion‐resistant zeolite MFI coatings on Ti6A14V alloys with the potential to be used as a material of improved osteointegration appropriate for bone tissue regeneration.
Vapor‐Phase Deposition of Monofunctional Alkoxysilanes for Sub‐Nanometer‐Level Biointerfacing on Silicon Oxide Surfaces
Authors: Dorvel Brian , Reddy Bobby , Block Ian , Mathias Patrick , Clare Susan E. , Cunningham Brian , Bergstrom Donald E. , Bashir Rashid
Published: November 2009

Improving the performance and lowering the analyte detection limits of optical and electronic biosensors is essential for advancing wide ranging applications in diagnostics and drug discovery. Most sensing methods require direct linkage of a recognition element and a sensor, which is commonly accomplished through an organic monolayer interface. Alkoxyorganosilanes are typically used to prepare sensor surfaces on dielectric oxides. However, many silanes lead to roughened or thick interfaces that degrade device sensitivity. Here, controlled vapor phase deposition of monoalkoxysilanes is found to lead to monolayers resistant to elevated temperatures and extreme pH conditions. The formation of high density, subnanometer monolayers is demonstrated by ellipsometry, XPS, and AFM. The uniform attachment of these monofunctional silanes to such biosensing platforms as microarrays, field effect devices, and the formation of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates is demonstrated. The advantages of using this silane deposition protocol for the above technologies are also discussed.
Fountain flow revisited: The effect of various fluid mechanics parameters
Authors: Mitsoulis Evan
Published: November 2009

Numerical simulations have been undertaken for the benchmark problem of fountain flow present in injection‐mold filling. The finite element method (FEM) is used to provide numerical results for both cases of planar and axisymmetric domains under laminar, isothermal, steady‐state conditions for Newtonian fluids. The effects of inertia, gravity, surface tension, compressibility, slip at the wall, and pressure dependence of the viscosity are all considered individually in parametric studies covering a wide range of the relevant parameters. These results extend previous ones regarding the shape of the front, and in particular the centerline front position, as a function of the dimensionless parameters. The pressures from the simulations have been used to compute the excess pressure losses in the system (front pressure correction or exit correction). Inertia leads to highly extended front positions relative to the inertialess Newtonian values, which are 0.895 for the planar case and 0.835 for the axisymmetric one. Gravity acting in the direction of flow shows the same effect, while gravity opposing the flow gives a reduced bulge of the fountain. Surface tension, slip at the wall, and compressibility, all decrease the shape of the front. Pressure‐dependence of the viscosity leads to increased front position as a corresponding dimensionless parameter goes from zero (no effect) to higher values of the pressure‐shift factor. The exit correction increases monotonically with inertia, compressibility, and gravity, while it decreases monotonically with slip and pressure‐dependence of the viscosity. Contour plots of the primary variables (velocity‐pressure) show interesting trends compared with the base case (zero values of the dimensionless parameters and of surface tension). © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Fast pyrolysis kinetics of expanded polystyrene foam
Authors: Kannan Pravin , Biernacki Joseph J. , Visco Donald P.
Published: November 2009

Fast pyrolysis of polymers, biomass and other substances is of great interest in various applications. For example, in the lost foam casting process, kinetic information about expandable polystyrene (EPS) decomposition under extremely high‐heating rate conditions is essential for further process development. A simple laboratory‐scale fast pyrolysis technique has been developed and demonstrated for elucidation of EPS decomposition kinetics. Pyrolysis experiments were performed at different reaction temperatures. The cumulative gaseous yields were determined using a flame ionization detector (FID) connected in series with the fast pyrolysis reactor. The governing equations for a semibatch reactor type were modified and applied to obtain kinetic parameters (activation energies and the pre‐exponential rate constants) for the EPS decomposition process. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Experimental and numerical research for fluidization behaviors in a gas–solid acoustic fluidized bed
Authors: Cao Changqing , Dong Shuqin , Zhao Yanan , Guo Qingjie
Published: November 2009

The effects of sound assistance on fluidization behaviors were systematically investigated in a gas–solid acoustic fluidized bed. A model modified from Syamlal–O'Brien drag model was established. The original solid momentum equation was developed and an acoustic model was also proposed. The radial particle volume fraction, axial root‐mean‐square of bed pressure drop, granular temperature, and particle velocity in gas–solid acoustic fluidized bed were simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code Fluent 6.2. The results showed that radial particle volume fraction increased using modified drag model compared with that using the original one. Radial particle volume fraction was revealed as a parabolic concentration profile. Axial particle volume fraction decreased with the increasing bed height. The granular temperature increased with increasing sound pressure level. It showed that simulation values using CFD code Fluent 6.2 were in agreement with the experimental data. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
A unified model of property integration for batch and continuous processes
Authors: Chen Cheng‐Liang , Lee Jui‐Yuan , Ng Denny Kok Sum , Foo Dominic Chwan Yee
Published: November 2009

This article aims to present a general model for synthesis of property‐based resource conservation networks. The proposed model is applicable to batch and continuous processes. Therein, the process systems are characterized by properties instead of composition that is found in most published works to date in the area of resource conservation. By treating continuous process as a special case of batch processes, both kinds of operations can be optimized with a unified model that is developed on the basis of a superstructure. The overall framework of property network is adopted, where material reuse/recycle, interception, and waste treatment are all taken into consideration. Apart from direct reuse/recycle, interception devices are employed to improve stream properties for further recovery, whereas effluent treatment is needed for compliance with environmental discharge limits. In addition, storage vessels are employed in batch processes to override intrinsic time constraint. Four case studies are solved to illustrate the proposed approach. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Occupational health crossing borders part 2: Comparison of 18 occupational health systems across the globe
Authors: Radon Katja , Ehrenstein Vera , Nowak Dennis , Bigaignon‐Cantineau Janine , Gonzalez Maria , Vellore Arun Dev , Zamora Veronica Enzina , Gupta Neeraj , Huang Lirong , Kandkers Salamat , Lanza Ana María Menchú , Garcia Leila Posenato , Patsis Keti Stylianos , Rojas Ana Maria Sanchez , Shoma Ashraf , Verbeek Jos
Published: November 2009

Background

Occupational health and safety (OHS) is considered one of the most important factors for a sustainable development; however, it is often considered a luxury by decision‐makers. This article compares OHS systems of 18 countries at different stages of development.

Methods

In an international summer school, structure of the national OHS system, definition of occupational accidents and diseases, procedures for compensation claims, outcome (expressed as incidence of occupational accidents) and training opportunities were presented.

Results

National OHS systems ranged from non‐existent to systems implemented almost 200 years ago. Priorities, incidence of occupational accidents and training opportunities varied. Common problems included the lack of OHS service for small enterprises and in rural areas.

Conclusions

International training programs like this summer school might enhance the exchange about OHS opportunities around the globe and contribute to improved workers health. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:55–63, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mandibulofacial syndrome with growth and mental retardation, microcephaly, ear anomalies with skin tags, and cleft palate in a mother and her son: Autosomal dominant or X‐linked syndrome?
Authors: Guion‐Almeida Maria Leine , Vendramini‐Pittoli Siulan , Passos‐Bueno Maria Rita Santos , Zechi‐Ceide Roseli Maria
Published: November 2009

We report on a Brazilian mother and her son affected with mandibulofacial dysostosis, growth and mental retardation, microcephaly, first branchial arch anomalies, and cleft palate. To date only three males and one female, all sporadic cases, with a similar condition have been reported. This article describes the first familial case with this rare condition indicating autosomal dominant or X‐linked inheritance. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pre‐ and postnatal findings in a boy with duplication of the bladder and intestine: Report and review
Authors: Alfadhel Majid , Pugash Denise , Robinson Ashley James , Murphy James J. , Senger Christof , Afshar Kourosh , Armstrong Linlea
Published: November 2009

We describe a boy with a septated bladder and dilated bowel loop found on prenatal ultrasonography. Subsequent prenatal MRI diagnosed a probable caudal duplication anomaly. Postnatal investigations and surgical findings confirmed duplication of bladder, urethra, and bowel from distal ileum to rectum. This is the first reported case of combined bladder and colon duplication suspected antenatally with thorough imaging investigations including fetal MRI. While diagnosis of bladder duplication has been described, prenatal diagnosis of intestinal duplication has not been documented previously. This report of prenatal imaging with surgical and pathological correlation contributes to our detailed understanding of the spectrum of anatomy seen in caudal duplication anomaly. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The phenotypic spectrum of contiguous deletion of CYP21A2 and tenascin XB: Quadricuspid aortic valve and other midline defects
Authors: Chen Wuyan , Kim Mimi S. , Shanbhag Sujata , Arai Andrew , VanRyzin Carol , McDonnell Nazli B. , Merke Deborah P.
Published: November 2009

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21‐hydroxylase deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder and is the most common cause of ambiguous genitalia in the newborn. The genes encoding 21‐hydroxylase, CYP21A2, and tenascin‐X (TNX), TNXB, are located within the HLA complex, in a region of high gene density termed the RCCX module. The module has multiple pseudogenes as well as tandem repeat sequences that promote misalignment during meiosis leading to complex gene rearrangements, deletions and gene conversion events. CYP21A2 mutations cause CAH, and TNX deficiency has been identified as a cause of hypermobility type Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS). Here we report on a three‐generation family with a heterozygous deletion encompassing CYP21A2 and TNXB that initially came to medical attention due to the diagnosis of CAH in the proposita. Southern blotting and PCR‐based analysis of the RCCX module revealed a CYP21A2 deletion extending into TNXB in one allele and a CYP21A2 point mutation in the other allele. Family history is notable for joint hypermobility. Additional radiological and clinical investigations showed a quadricuspid aortic valve, single kidney, bicornuate uterus and a bifid uvula in the proposita, and mitral valve prolapse in her mother. These findings further delineate the phenotype of the CAH‐TNX contiguous gene deletion syndrome and point to an intersection of connective tissue dysplasias with a common gene‐mediated endocrine disorder. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Novel SOX2 mutations and genotype–phenotype correlation in anophthalmia and microphthalmia
Authors: Schneider Adele , Bardakjian Tanya , Reis Linda M. , Tyler Rebecca C. , Semina Elena V.
Published: November 2009

SOX2 represents a High Mobility Group domain containing transcription factor that is essential for normal development in vertebrates. Mutations in SOX2 are known to result in a spectrum of severe ocular phenotypes in humans, also typically associated with other systemic defects. Ocular phenotypes include anophthalmia/microphthalmia (A/M), optic nerve hypoplasia, ocular coloboma and other eye anomalies. We screened 51 unrelated individuals with A/M and identified SOX2 mutations in the coding region of the gene in 10 individuals. Seven of the identified mutations are novel alterations, while the remaining three individuals carry the previously reported recurrent 20‐nucleotide deletion in SOX2, c.70del20. Among the SOX2‐positive cases, seven patients had bilateral A/M and mutations resulting in premature termination of the normal protein sequence (7/38; 18% of all bilateral cases), one patient had bilateral A/M associated with a single amino acid insertion (1/38; 3% of bilateral cases), and the final two patients demonstrated unilateral A/M associated with missense mutations (2/13; 15% of all unilateral cases). These findings and review of previously reported cases suggest a potential genotype/phenotype correlation for SOX2 mutations with missense changes generally leading to less severe ocular defects. In addition, we report a new familial case of affected siblings with maternal mosaicism for the identified SOX2 mutation, which further underscores the importance of parental testing to provide accurate genetic counseling to families. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recurrence risks for trisomies 13, 18, and 21
Authors: De Souza Elizabeth , Halliday Jane , Chan Annabelle , Bower Carol , Morris Joan K.
Published: November 2009

The objective was to establish whether the risk of trisomies 13, 18, and 21 (Patau, Edwards, and Down syndrome, respectively) in a subsequent pregnancy is raised for women who have had a previous pregnancy with trisomy 13, 18, or 21. Birth defect register data were used to investigate this issue. Pregnancy data from three Australian population‐based birth defect registers contained 5,906 women with a previous trisomy 13, 18, or 21 pregnancy in whom there were 3,713 subsequent pregnancies, 75 of which were trisomic. Relative risk of subsequent trisomy at 15 weeks gestation was estimated by comparing the observed number of subsequent trisomies with the expected number of subsequent trisomies based on maternal age‐related risk. There was evidence of increased risk of the same trisomy subsequent to a previous pregnancy with trisomy 13 or 18 (RR = 3.8 (1.5, 7.9)), the increase in risk being greater for women aged under 35 at the previous trisomic pregnancy (RR = 7.8 (2.1, 20.2)). There was also evidence of increased risk of trisomy 21 subsequent to previous trisomy 21 (RR = 2.2 (1.6, 2.9)), again higher in women under 35 at previous affected pregnancy (RR = 3.5 (2.1, 5.5)). There was a suggestion that the risk of a different trisomy subsequent to trisomy 21 may also be increased (RR = 1.4 (0.7, 2.5)). In conclusion, women who have had a previous trisomic pregnancy, particularly those under 35 years of age at the time, appear to be at an increased risk of future pregnancies being trisomic. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cerebral and cerebellar white matter abnormalities with magnetic resonance imaging in a child with Feingold syndrome
Authors: Lehman Vance T. , Patterson Marc C. , Babovic‐Vuksanovic Dusica , Rydberg Charlotte
Published: November 2009

Feingold syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant condition that is characterized by variable expressivity of microcephaly, limb malformations, esophageal atresia, and a host of other malformations. This syndrome results from mutations in the MYCN proto‐oncogene. Few examples of cross‐sectional imaging of the brain in these patients are found in the literature. We present a patient who was found to have areas of cerebral and cerebellar white matter hyperintensity with T2 weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. To the best of our knowledge, this finding has not been previously described. While the significance and pathologic basis of this finding are unknown, its recognition is important since it has potential to be confused with imaging findings in other conditions. Moreover, it is likely to be observed in the future due to increased use of MR imaging. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Longitudinal course of cognitive, adaptive, and behavioral characteristics in Costello syndrome
Authors: Axelrad Marni E. , Schwartz David D. , Fehlis Julie E. , Hopkins Elizabeth , Stabley Deborah L. , Sol‐Church Katia , Gripp Karen W.
Published: November 2009

Costello syndrome is a rare rasopathy caused by germline mutations in the oncogene HRAS resulting in increased signal transduction through the Ras/mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway. In contrast to the more common rasopathies, such as neurofibromatosis type 1 and Noonan syndrome, limited information is available on standardized cognitive testing in this cohort. Past research indicated a mean average IQ in the mild mental retardation range, with strengths in fluid reasoning (FR) and weakness in expressive language, as well as static skills over time. Here we report on standardized IQ and adaptive functioning in 18 individuals with Costello syndrome, nine males and nine females, and longitudinal development for 11 who had previous testing. The overall IQ, ranging from severe mental retardation to the average range, with a mean in the mildly mentally retarded range, was again found to be stable, but an interesting pattern in the development of nonverbal FR was identified. Participants showed an improvement in nonverbal FR, followed by stable skills thereafter, suggesting a “late bloomer” effect in late childhood/early adolescence. Overall adaptive functioning fell into the range of Intellectual Disability for 70% of subjects, with Socialization as a relative strength and Daily Living Skills an area of relative difficulty. Interestingly, females were found to be higher functioning than males in all domains, including Communication, Daily Living Skills and Socialization. Caregivers reported significantly more behavioral concerns in males, including internalizing, externalizing, and other maladaptive behaviors. In contrast, no gender differences were found in cognitive or visuomotor functioning. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic perspectives on forager‐farmer interaction in the Luangwa Valley of Zambia
Authors: de Filippo Cesare , Heyn Patricia , Barham Lawrence , Stoneking Mark , Pakendorf Brigitte
Published: November 2009

The transformation from a foraging way of life to a reliance on domesticated plants and animals often led to the expansion of agropastoralist populations at the expense of hunter‐gatherers (HGs). In Africa, one of these expansions involved the Niger‐Congo Bantu‐speaking populations that started to spread southwards from Cameroon/Nigeria ∼4,000 years ago, bringing agricultural technologies. Genetic studies have shown different degrees of gene flow (sometimes involving sex‐biased migrations) between Bantu agriculturalists and HGs. Although these studies have covered many parts of sub‐Saharan Africa, the central part (e.g. Zambia) was not yet studied, and the interactions between immigrating food‐producers and local HGs are still unclear. Archeological evidence from the Luangwa Valley of Zambia suggests a long period of coexistence (∼1,700 years) of early food‐producers and HGs. To investigate if this apparent coexistence was accompanied by genetic admixture, we analyzed the mtDNA control region, Y chromosomal unique event polymorphisms, and 12 associated Y‐ short tandem repeats in two food‐producing groups (Bisa and Kunda) that live today in the Luangwa Valley, and compared these data with available published data on African HGs. Our results suggest that both the Bisa and Kunda experienced at most low levels of admixture with HGs, and these levels do not differ between the maternal and paternal lineages. Coalescent simulations indicate that the genetic data best fit a demographic scenario with a long divergence (62,500 years) and little or no gene flow between the ancestors of the Bisa/Kunda and existing HGs. This scenario contrasts with the archaeological evidence for a long period of coexistence between the two different communities in the Luangwa Valley, and suggests a process of sociocultural boundary maintenance may have characterized their interaction. Am J Phys Anthropol 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Statische und dynamische Axialdruckversuche an vergrouteten Rohr‐in‐Rohr‐Verbindungen mit verschiedenen Füllmaterialien
Authors: Schaumann Peter , Keindorf Christian , Lochte‐Holtgreven Stephan
Published: November 2009

In diesem Beitrag wird über Ergebnisse von experimentellen und numerischen Untersuchungen an vergrouteten Rohr‐in‐Rohr‐Verbindungen berichtet, die am Institut für Stahlbau der Leibniz Universität Hannover durchgeführt wurden. Diese sogenannten “Grouted Joints” kommen z. B. als Verbindungselemente zwischen dem im Boden eingerammten Pfahl und dem Turm einer Offshore‐Windenergieanlage zum Einsatz. An deutlich kleineren Prüfkörpern wurden Axialdruckversuche im Labor durchgeführt, um den Unterschied zwischen glatten und gerippten Stahlrohrmantelflächen im Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit und Ermüdung aufzuzeigen. Dabei kamen auch verschiedene Füllmaterialien für den Ringspalt zum Einsatz. Die Tragfähigkeit bei den Prüfkörpern mit glatten Rohrmantelflächen ist hauptsächlich von der Haftfestigkeit des Füllmaterials auf den Stahloberflächen und deren Beschaffenheit abhängig. Durch die Anordnung von Schubrippen kann die Trag‐ und Ermüdungslast um ein Vielfaches gegenüber der glatten Variante gesteigert werden. Dies ist hauptsächlich auf die Wirkung von Druckstreben zwischen den Schubrippen zurückzuführen, deren Tragfähigkeit sich mit zunehmender Druckfestigkeit des Füllmaterials erhöht. Mit einem Bemessungsmodell kann unter Berücksichtigung der Druckstrebentragfähigkeit und Anzahl der Schubrippen die Traglast von Grouted Joints abgeschätzt werden.

Static and dynamic axial compression tests on grouted tube‐in‐tube connections with various grout materials.

This paper summarises static and dynamic axial compression tests on small scale grouted joints for offshore wind energy converters. The connection is mostly used between driven monopiles and tower sections as tube‐in‐tube connection. The gap between the tubes is filled with grout materials. The test series comprises grouted joints with smooth and ribbed surfaces of the tubes which are loaded by axial compression. The ultimate and fatigue limit state of the connection can be increased with shear keys along the overlapped length of the tubes to get a ribbed contact surface to the grout. In this case the axial load is transferred by compression struts between the shear keys. The bearing capacity depends mainly on the compressive strength of the grout and the geometry of the shear keys. In addition to the experimental results an analytical design concept is presented within this paper for grouted joints with shear keys. With the analytical model the axial load capacity of the grouted joint can be determined under consideration of the compression struts and number of shear keys.
Nachweis der Firstspaltverpressung bei zerstörungsfreien Schalendickenmessungen an Tunnelinnenschalen
Authors: Mähner Dietmar , Roder Christian
Published: November 2009

Bisherige Auswertungen bei diversen Tunnelprojekten ergaben, dass bei Tunnelinnenschalen die Firstspaltverpressung nicht immer zerstörungsfrei nachgewiesen wurde. In Bereichen, die beispielsweise durch eine freiliegende Bewehrung in der Firste instand gesetzt werden müssen, ist der Nachweis des Verpressguts von großer Bedeutung. In Laborversuchen wurde an Betonprobekörpern dieser Fragestellung durch Variation verschiedener Einflussgrößen und Parameter experimentell nachgegangen. Im Anschluss daran erfolgte die praktische Umsetzung der Versuchsergebnisse auf einer Tunnelbaustelle im Bereich von detektierten Fehlstellen im Firstbereich. Durch den Einsatz spezieller Verpressgüter und Vorbehandlungen konnte die Tunnelinnenschale mit dem Verpressgut in diesem Bereich zerstörungsfrei einwandfrei nachgewiesen werden.

Verification of Ridge‐Gap Grouting by Measuring the Shell Thickness of the Inner Tunnel Layer by Non‐Destructive Testing

Previous evaluations of various tunnel projects showed results where the ridge‐gap grouting of the inner tunnel shells was not always been non‐destructively proven. In areas which, for example, have to be repaired through exposed reinforcement in the ridge, the proof of the grouting material is of great importance. This problem was explored experimentally in laboratory tests on concrete test specimens through variation of different actuating variables and parameters. Afterwards, the experimental results were put into practice in areas of detected flaws in the ridge area on a tunnel construction site. The inner tunnel shell with the grouting material could be proved perfectly non‐destructively by using special grouting material and pre‐treatments in this area.
Lötschberg‐Basistunnel Herausforderungen beim Innenausbau
Authors: Teuscher Peter
Published: November 2009

Der 34,6 km lange Lötschberg‐Basistunnel ist seit Dezember 2007 in Betrieb. In [1] wurde bereits über die Materialbewirtschaftung und die Betontechnologie berichtet. Es ist die Qualität des Innenausbaus, der den größten Einfluss auf das Langzeitverhalten des Tunnels hat und dem daher die größte Sorgfalt bei der Projektauslegung und deren Umsetzung geschenkt werden muss. Der nachfolgende Beitrag beschreibt, wie gestützt auf das Zusammenwirken der dynamischen Bahnlasten und dem möglichen Zutritt von Bergwasser die drainierende Sohlenausbildung festgelegt wurde. Eine weitere Herausforderung war das Erstellen der Innenschale und der Bankette. Hohe Leistungen, kleinste Toleranzen und einwandfreie Qualität bestimmten die Anforderungen an die Schalungen sowie an die Logistik. Der vorliegende Bericht richtet sich an Bauherren, Planer und Unternehmer, die im Untertagebau tätig sind und von den Erfahrungen anderer profitieren möchten.
Impulsradar für schadensfreie Kernbohrungen an Spannbetonbrücken
Authors: Kind Thomas , Feistkorn Sascha , Trela Christiane , Wöstmann Jens
Published: November 2009

Der Bedarf an Kernbohrungen in Stahlbetonbauwerken ist in den letzten Jahren durch die steigende Anzahl von Instandsetzungen und Ertüchtigungen unterschiedlicher Stahlbetonbauten stark gewachsen. Für die Durchführung einer Kernbohrung ist die Kenntnis der genauen Lage der vorgespannten Bewehrung notwendig, um diese für die Statik wichtigen Elemente nicht zu beschädigen. Das methodische Vorgehen für die schadensfreie Durchführung von Kernbohrungen wird am Beispiel einer ca. 1 m dicken Hohlkastenseitenwand der Karl‐Carstens Brücke in Bremen gezeigt. Nach der Darstellung der Ausgangslage und der Aufgabenstellung werden die Schritte beschrieben, die zu einer erfolgreichen Durchführung der Aufgaben erforderlich waren. Hierbei steht die planmäßige Anwendung der zerstörungsfreien Untersuchungsmethode Impulsradar im Vordergrund. Das Vorgehen gliedert sich in vier Schritte:

– Zunächst wurde eine Voruntersuchung durchgeführt, um festzustellen, ob sich die vorgespannte Bewehrung in den erwarteten Tiefen von bis zu 50 cm und unter den vorhandenen Bedingungen der Hohlkastenseitenwände mit dem Impulsradar detektieren lässt.

– Nach der erfolgreichen Voruntersuchung wurden im zweiten Schritt die Bereiche der geplanten Kernbohrungen großflächig mit dem Impulsradar untersucht.

– Anschließend konnte anhand der Messdaten die Lage der Bewehrung ermittelt und in einen Plan eingezeichnet werden, der im Maßstab 1:1 ausgedruckt wurde. Dieser Plan wurde positionsrichtig auf die Oberfläche der Hohlkastenwand geklebt.

– Im letzten Schritt wurden dann gezielte Test‐ und Suchbohrungen durchgeführt, denen die eigentlichen Kernbohrungen folgten.

Mit der im Plan dargestellte Bewehrungslage war die Voraussetzung für schadensfreies Bohren gegeben. So konnten die Kernbohrungen durchgeführt werden, ohne die vorgespannte Bewehrung zu beschädigen.
Sizing up the genomic footprint of endosymbiosis
Authors: Elias Marek , Archibald John M.
Published: November 2009

A flurry of recent publications have challenged consensus views on the tempo and mode of plastid (chloroplast) evolution in eukaryotes and, more generally, the impact of endosymbiosis in the evolution of the nuclear genome. Endosymbiont‐to‐nucleus gene transfer is an essential component of the transition from endosymbiont to organelle, but the sheer diversity of algal‐derived genes in photosynthetic organisms such as diatoms, as well as the existence of genes of putative plastid ancestry in the nuclear genomes of plastid‐lacking eukaryotes such as ciliates and choanoflagellates, defy simple explanation. Collectively, these papers underscore the power of comparative genomics and, at the same time, reveal how little we know with certainty about the earliest stages of the evolution of photosynthetic eukaryotes.

 

Editor's suggested further reading in BioEssays

Early steps in plastid evolution: current ideas and controversies Abstract

Dinoflagellate mitochondrial genomes: stretching the rules of molecular biology Abstract
BioEssays 12/2009
Authors: Wong Hua , Winn Peter J , Mozziconacci Julien
Published: November 2009

Cover Photograph: 3D computer graphics of DNA transcription in eukaryotes. Previously determined molecular structures were placed in this scene according to available experimental data and rendered using the Blender software (http://www.blender.org/). Please see article by Wong, Winn and Mozziconacci on page 1357–1366.
Recognition of lysine‐rich peptide ligands by murine cortactin SH3 domain: CD, ITC, and NMR studies
Authors: Rubini Chiara , Ruzza Paolo , Spaller Mark R. , Siligardi Giuliano , Hussain Rohanah , Udugamasooriya D. Gomika , Bellanda Massimo , Mammi Stefano , Borgogno Andrea , Calderan Andrea , Cesaro Luca , Brunati Anna M. , Donella‐Deana Arianna
Published: November 2009

Cortactin is a ubiquitous actin‐binding protein that regulates various aspects of cell dynamics and is implicated in the pathogenesis of human neoplasia. The sequence of cortactin contains a number of signaling motifs and an SH3 domain at the C‐terminus, which mediates the interaction of the protein with several partners, including Shank2. A recombinant protein, comprising the murine cortactin SH3 domain fused to GST (GST‐SH3m‐cort), was prepared and used to assess the domain‐binding affinity of potential peptide‐ligands reproducing the proline‐rich regions of human HPK1 and Shank2 proteins. The key residues involved in the SH3m‐cort domain recognition were identified by three different approaches: non‐immobilized ligand interaction assay by circular dichroism, isothermal titration calorimetry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Our results show that the classical PxxPxK class II binding motif is not sufficient to mediate the interaction with GST‐SH3m‐cort, an event that depends on the presence of additional basic residues located at either the N‐ or the C‐terminus of the PxxPxK motif. Especially effective in promoting the peptide binding is a Lys residue at the ‐5 position, a determinant present in both P2 (HPK1 394‐403) and S1 (Shank2 1168‐1189) peptides. GST‐SH3m‐cort exhibits the highest affinity toward peptide S1, which contains additional Lys residues at the ‐3, ‐5, and ‐7 positions, indicating that the optimal consensus motif may be KPPxPxKxKxK. These results are supported by the in silico models of SH3m‐cort complexed with P2 or S1, which highlight the domain residues that interact with the recognition determinants of the peptide‐ligand and cooperate in binding stabilization. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 94: 298–306, 2010.

This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Educational software for heat exchanger equipment
Authors: Cartaxo Samuel J. M. , Fernandes Fabiano A. N.
Published: November 2009

Computer‐aided design has become extremely popular and its use in classroom can be very helpful, adding more analysis capabilities to all engineering areas. This article presents HEDes, an educational software developed to introduce heat exchanger equipments to undergraduate students and to provide unit operation courses with realistic exercises involving simulation of chemical processes. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 193–199, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20137
Methods in Molecular Biology, Vol. 515: Viral Applications of Green Fluorescent Protein, Methods and Protocols. Edited by Barry W. Hicks.
Authors: Schmid Johannes
Published: November 2009

Humana Press, Totowa 2009, XI+357 pp., hardcover $ 109.00.—ISBN 978‐1‐934115‐87‐9
Methods in Molecular Biology, Vol. 540: Riboswitches: Methods and Protocols. Edited by Alexander Serganov.
Authors: Ogawa Atsushi
Published: November 2009

Humana Press 2009, XI+366 pp., hardcover $ 110.00.—ISBN 978‐1‐934115‐88‐6
Enzymatic Synthesis of Organic‐Polymer‐Grafted DNA
Authors: Baccaro Anna , Marx Andreas
Published: November 2009

To create bioorganic hybrid materials, interdisciplinary work in the fields of chemistry, biology and materials science is conducted. DNA block copolymers are promising hybrid materials due to the combination of properties intrinsic to both the polymer and the nucleic acid blocks. Until now, the coupling of DNA and organic polymers has been exercised post‐synthetically in solution or on solid support. Herein, we report the first enzyme‐catalysed synthesis of DNA–organic polymer chimeras. For this purpose, four novel 2′‐deoxyuridine triphosphates carrying polymer‐like moieties linked to the nucleobase were synthesised. Linear polyethylene glycol monomethyl ethers of different sizes (1) and branched polyamido dendrons with varying terminal groups (2) were chosen as building blocks. We investigated the ability of DNA polymerases to accept the copolymers in comparison to the natural substrate and showed, through primer extensions, polymerase chain reactions and rolling circle amplification, that these building blocks could serve as a surrogate for the natural thymidine. By this method, DNA hybrid materials with high molecular weight, modification density, and defined structure are accessible.
ChemInform Abstract: Investigation in the Binary System Yb—Ga: Crystal Structure of the Ga‐Rich Compound YbGa3.34.
Authors: Tillard Monique , Belin Claude
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Crystal Structure of α‐K3AlF6: Elpasolites and Double Perovskites with Broken Corner‐Sharing Connectivity of the Octahedral Framework.
Authors: Abakumov Artem M. , King Graham , Laurinavichute Veronika K. , Rozova Marina G. , Woodward Patrick M. , Antipov Evgeny V.
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Ternary System Cerium—Palladium—Silicon.
Authors: Lipatov Alexey , Gribanov Alexander , Grytsiv Andriy , Rogl Peter , Murashova Elena , Seropegin Yurii , Giester Gerald , Kalmykov Konstantin
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: X‐Ray Absorption Near Edge Structure and Crystallographic Studies of the Mixed Valence Oxides CaRu1‐xMnxO3.
Authors: Zhou Qingdi , Kennedy Brendan J. , Zhang Zhaoming , Jang Ling‐Yun , Aitken Jade B.
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Properties of Co2V2O7 Single Crystals Grown by Flux Method.
Authors: He Zhangzhen , Yamaura Jun‐Ichi , Ueda Yutaka , Cheng Wendan
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Quantum Monte Carlo Simulation of Nanoscale MgH2 Cluster Thermodynamics
Authors: Wu Zhigang , Allendorf Mark D. , Grossman Jeffrey C.
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Single‐Phase Sn3P4 by an Isopiestic Method.
Authors: Ganesan Rajesh , Richter Klaus W. , Schmetterer Clemens , Effenberger Herta , Ipser Herbert
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Building Units and Intergrowths: Toward the Design of an Extended Family of Acentric Bi‐Based Materials with Second Harmonic Generacy.
Authors: Huve Marielle , Colmont Marie , Lejay Julien , Aschehoug Patrick , Mentre Olivier
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structural Examination of Complexes of Am(IV) and Other Tetravalent Actinides with Lacunary Heteropolyanion α2‐P2W17O6110‐.
Authors: Sokolova Marina N. , Fedosseev Alexander M. , Andreev Grigory B. , Budantseva Nina A. , Yusov Alexander B. , Moisy Philippe
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Co3(SO4)3(OH)2[enH2]: A New S = 3/2 Kagome‐Type Layered Sulfate with a Unique Connectivity.
Authors: Powell Anthony V. , Leyva‐Bailen Patricia , Vaqueiro Paz , Sanchez Rodolfo D.
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Domino Reactions of Chiral 2‐Substituted 1‐(2′,2′,3′,3′‐Tetramethylcyclopropyl)‐alkan‐1‐ols under Friedel—Crafts Conditions.
Authors: Stadler Daniel , Bach Thorsten
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: o‐Benzenedisulfonimide as a Powerful and Recyclable Organocatalyst for the Nazarov Reaction.
Authors: Barbero Margherita , Cadamuro Silvano , Deagostino Annamaria , Dughera Stefano , Larini Paolo , Occhiato Ernesto G. , Prandi Cristina , Tabasso Silvia , Vulcano Rosaria , Venturello Paolo
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ionic Liquid Catalyzed Expeditious Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐2,3‐dihydroquinolin‐4(1H)‐ones and 2‐Aryl‐2,3‐dihydro‐4H‐chromen‐4‐ones under Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Kumar Dalip , Patel Gautam , Kumar Anil , Roy Ram K.
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Metal‐Free Reduction Using Diphenylsilane with (Tris‐perfluorophenyl)borane as Catalyst.
Authors: Tan MeiXuan , Zhang Yugen
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ferrocene Redox Controlled Reversible Immobilization of Ruthenium Carbene in Ionic Liquid: A Versatile Catalyst for Ring‐Closing Metathesis.
Authors: Liu Guiyan , He Haiyan , Wang Jianhui
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Straightforward Protocol for One‐Pot Allylic Aminations/Stille Couplings.
Authors: Bukovec Christian , Kazmeier Uli
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Polyfunctional Arylmagnesium, Arylzinc, and Benzylic Zinc Reagents by Using Magnesium in the Presence of LiCl.
Authors: Piller Fabian M. , Metzger Albrecht , Schade Matthias A. , Haag Benjamin A. , Gavryushin Andrei , Knochel Paul
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5‐tert‐Butyl‐8,12,14‐trimethyl‐ and 5‐tert‐Butyl‐8,12,14,16‐tetramethyl[2.2]metacyclophane and Their Treatment with Lewis Acids in Benzene.
Authors: Shimizu Tomoe , Hida Katsuhiko , Yamato Takehiko
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Chlorovinyl 1,1‐Dichloroethyl Ketone from 2‐Chloropropionyl Chloride and 1,2‐Dichloroethene.
Authors: Savosik V. A. , Rudyakova E. V. , Albanov A. I. , Bozhenkov G. V. , Levkovskaya G. G.
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Application of 2,2‐Dibromodimedone as Organic Brominating Reagent for Asymmetric Bromination of 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds and Ketones Catalyzed by Chiral Amino Acids.
Authors: Goswami Papori , Baruah Abhilasha , Das Babulal
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phenylsulfonyl as a Directing Group for Nitrile Oxide Cycloadditions and mCPBA Epoxidations.
Authors: Butler Jeffrey D. , Donald Michael B. , Deng Zhensheng , Fettinger James C. , Kurth Mark J.
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Fluoromalonate Addition to α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes.
Authors: Companyo Xavier , Hejnova Monika , Kamlar Martin , Vesely Jan , Moyano Albert , Rios Ramon
Published: November 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.