bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Library as Place: Evaluating Physical and Virtual Spaces. A Case Study of Two Academic Libraries
Authors: Williams Marion , Saunderson Ian , Dhoest Alexander
Published: September 2022

Informed by Pierre Bourdieu’s theory on social capital, this paper examines how academic libraries might be considered places to create social capital. The study that directed this article utilised a qualitative approach and drew upon the perceptions of both the student population and library professionals at the University of Antwerp in Belgium and the University of Limpopo in South Africa. This study explored the similarities and differences in respondents’ perceptions of their respective libraries. The study relied on semi-structured interviews comprising 34 participants: 30 students and four library professionals. To inform this study, data were collected on the perceptions of the libraries’ physical and virtual spaces to ascertain differing views regarding academic libraries’ social values and their contribution to creating social capital. Students use the physical space extensively as a gathering place for group discussions and independent academic work, and depend on library professionals to disseminate information effectively on reliable and suitable platforms. The differences in students’ perceptions between the two academic libraries can be clarified based on their respective geographic settings, which influenced their perceptions and needs of the library. The article notes various restrictions at the University of Limpopo compared to current practices at the University of Antwerp in the context of social capital, physical space and technology, owing to uneven distribution of resources and autonomy.
Availability and Use of Information and Communication Technologies at an International Airport in Nigeria
Authors: Nwagwu Williams , Adeleke Omotayo
Published: September 2022

In this paper, the availability and use of conventional and aviation-specific information and communication technologies by airport workers are examined. A sample survey research design and a purposive sampling technique were adopted. By using a questionnaire, quantitative data were collected from 213 staff of the airport, who were available during the survey and were willing to complete the instruments. Further, qualitative data were collected from two heads of departments by using an interview schedule. The conventional technologies of computers, printers, and photocopiers, among others, were reportedly available and used. Common-use terminal equipment and flight information display systems were reportedly the aviation-specific technologies known by the largest number of respondents (84% each), while the biometric identification system was known by the least number of respondents (43.6%). The respondents reported increasing use of these technologies in the last five years. The members of staff of the organisation have very fair opinions about their knowledge of the use and deployment of information and communication technologies, but they identified infrastructural constraints and the high cost of equipment maintenance as hitches to the adequate deployment of the ICTs. Continuous training—that covers both conventional ICT and aviation-specific information and communication technologies—is required to improve the performance of airport staff.
Information-seeking Barriers Encountered by MTN Asonge Shareholders Residing in the Capricorn District, Limpopo, South Africa
Authors: Du Preez Madely , Seabi Leketi Lucas
Published: September 2022

Little seems to be known of the information-seeking behaviour of investors. This is despite the fact that investors, in order to determine the risks and opportunities underlying any investment business, are expected to seek information before making an investment decision. Various information behaviour studies have shown that a combination of personal and contextual factors could act as barriers to information. The purpose of this article is to report on a study that explored the information-seeking barriers that black investors in the MTN Asonge Scheme, Capricorn District in Limpopo, South Africa, encounter when they seek information while using electronic resources. A qualitative, phenomenological research approach was followed. Purposive snowball sampling was applied to sample the study respondents, who were later interviewed. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted with six investors to collect data, which were subsequently analysed thematically. The findings indicated that the major barriers that affect MTN Asonge investors when using electronic information sources, are of a personal and contextual nature. Personal barriers include a lack of information search skills, inadequate investment literacy and an inability to interpret investment information. The contextual barriers they encountered include internet search costs, poor internet connectivity and a lack of active email accounts. This study significantly adds to the limited existing body of literature on challenges faced by black investors in an everyday life context, particularly in rural settings, when seeking information by using electronic resources.
Portrait of a Gentle Giant: PROF. DR. CLIVE NAPIER
Authors: Motau Tau
Published: September 2022

Obituary
Party-state Collapse and Trajectory of Factionalism in the ANC Post-apartheid: Reflections from Buffalo City, 2005–2015
Authors: Mukwedeya Dr Tatenda
Published: September 2022

Party – state collapse is whereby the functions of the party and state are largely combined into one body, with a dominant role for the party. This paper traces the collapse of the party and state during the African National Congress’s (ANC) political dominance post-apartheid and traces how this process shaped factional politics within the party between 2005- 2015. The gradual conflation of the party and state occurred partly through two processes related to the party’s imperatives of pursuing a transformative agenda. Firstly, the state itself had to be transformed in the way it operated and to reflect the demographic composition of the country. This presented an opportunity for the ANC to deploy its cadres into the state. Secondly, the party relied on the state as an economic actor to be a vehicle for redistribution and the transformation of the broader society for equity and growth. Hence, black economic empowerment, state preferential procurement and other policies to uplift previously disadvantaged social groups became one of the stepping-stones for the emergent African middle and upper class. Whilst these two processes transformed the state, the paper argues that they also fundamentally transformed the party itself, as it became a site of accumulation and intense intra-party contestation. Patronage networks emerged to secure and defend political power and the material benefits it came with. The paper draws on primary research in the ANCs Buffalo City region in the Eastern Cape Province at the peak of factional battles between Mbeki and Zuma aligned officials.
Ideal and Non-ideal Deliberation: The Problem of Equivocation
Authors: Ani Emmanuel
Published: September 2022

I distinguish between ideal and non-ideal deliberation. I outline the relevance of both ideal and non-ideal theorising to show their respective roles and importance. This helps me to demonstrate that neither of them should be downplayed, confused with the other, or substituted. Although it appears more attractive to be an idealist than a non-idealist in a theoretical debate on social systems, I show that such a perception is practically inadequate. I then argue that when we deliberate, we presuppose either ideal or non-ideal deliberation. I demonstrate that it is consistent to stick to one deliberative presupposition in the same context, and I show that shifting from one deliberative presupposition to another in the same argument or context, is equivocation. I demonstrate how this kind of equivocation confuses and derails the debate. As a case study, I focus on the debate about consensual democracy in Africa. I seek in this essay to contribute lessons regarding the relationship between ideal and non-ideal theorising to the global project of deliberative democracy.
Misogyny in African Oral Literature through the Lens of Northern Sotho Proverbs
Authors: Montle Malesela Edward
Published: September 2022

This study unveils misogynistic stereotypes in oral literature by probing into Northern Sotho proverbs. Oral literature includes riddles, proverbs, folktales, songs, myths, idioms, legends and epic poems, which have emerged as mechanisms to educate, entertain and guide people in their societies. Thus, many cultural systems depend on oral literature to assert gender roles that are often found to be preferential to men and discriminatory to women. Of the forms of oral literature mentioned above, this qualitative study has utilised proverbs from the African, Northern Sotho tribe to unmask the stereotypes that are fostered by oral literature against women. The data used in this study were collected from critical books, theses and journal articles. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the proverbs based on misogynistic elements. Through a textual analytic method, the proverbs were analysed, scrutinised and found to be misogynistic towards women, as they appear to champion menfolk at the expense of womenfolk. To this end, oral literature asserts assumptions that persuade women to be subservient to men, and sometimes trivialises women and advocates against them accessing education, wealth, power, decision-making and leadership positions. Furthermore, this study adds value to the global contest against the discrimination, abuse and appalling killings of women. It uncovers the cultural creeds that are often abused and used to excuse the marginalisation of women. Cultural structures appear to be given inadequate attention when the perpetrators of discrimination against women are confronted. It is recommended that societal initiatives such as public talks be undertaken specifically by men to call for the end of discrimination against women.
Social Workers’ Perceptions of Their Role to Advocate Social Justice of Sexual Minorities
Authors: Nyembezi Sinazo , Zimba Zibonele France
Published: September 2022

Principles of human rights and social justice are fundamental to the social work profession. It has been well established that social workers can play a crucial role in redressing challenges faced by sexual minorities. Nevertheless, little is known about the roles of social workers in advocating social justice of sexual minorities in practice, particularly in South Africa. In this study, we therefore aimed to gain an understanding of social workers’ perceptions of their role to advocate social justice of sexual minorities. This article is extracted from a qualitative study with a sample of 16 social workers who were selected purposively. For the professional social workers to be eligible to participate in the study, they needed to be registered with the South African Council for Social Service Professions, provide services to sexual minorities, work as social workers for at least one year, and speak and communicate in English. The data presented in this article were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings of the study indicate that social workers perceive their role in advocating social justice of sexual minorities to include being an advocate, educator and broker. In addition, the findings reflect that social work professionals are confronted with personal and religious beliefs and the scope of practice as barriers to efficiently execute their roles when advocating social justice of sexual minorities. We conclude that social workers need to advocate social justice of sexual minorities at a policy level to move them from micro intervention practice to a macro practice intervention. Based on the findings of the study, we recommend that social work education and practicum cultivate advocacy skills for the social justice of sexual minorities.
From Imperialism to Radical Hospitality: Propositions for Reconfiguring Social Work towards a Justice-To-Come
Authors: Bozalek Vivienne , Hölscher Dorothee
Published: September 2022

The focus of the article is on injustices towards South African families in postcolonial and neocolonial contexts, our understanding of which has been greatly enlarged by Nancy Fraser’s conceptualisations of expropriation and imperialism and Jacques Derrida’s notions of hostility and hospitality. We used Walter Benjamin’s and Karen Barad’s montage methods of fragmentary writing to diffractively read expropriation, imperialism, hostility and hospitality through one another in the context of injustices done to South African families. A diffractive methodology entails a close and attentive reading of concepts or pieces of text through one another, to arrive at new insights with regard to a particular issue. The new insights we arrive at in the article are five propositions for ethically engaging in a justice-to-come for social work – that of attentiveness, rendering each other capable, responsibility, response-ability and radical hospitality.
Volunteer Support Services to Victims at Crime Scenes: Exploring Victims’ Perceptions
Authors: Lorge L. , Gerrand Priscilla Ann
Published: September 2022

More than one million people in South Africa are victims of individual crime annually. To deal with the trauma that many victims experience, victim support centres have been established. Volunteer supporters usually form the backbone of these centres and sometimes they are called upon to render victim support at the crime scene. This type of early intervention has been criticised because it can lead to secondary victimisation if not rendered appropriately. To gain important insight regarding this problem scenario, the researcher adopted a qualitative approach to explore the perceptions of two categories of key role player, namely, the victims of individual crime and the volunteer supporters. A case study design was implemented by purposively selecting participants from two victim support centres located in Johannesburg. The data were gathered by conducting personal interviews with each participant using a semi-structured interview guide. The data were analysed using a structured, step-by-step framework of thematic analysis that adopts a qualitative paradigm. Trustworthiness of the study was enhanced through sample triangulation. This article focuses on the findings related to the 10 victim participants. The findings revealed that the victims were offered psychological first-aid services at the crime scene and perceived the services as valuable. This is because their rights and needs were adequately met by well-trained volunteer supporters who implemented the principles of the victim empowerment programme. These findings should be taken into consideration by the Department of Social Development and other key role players when the Victim Support Services Bill of 2019 is enacted.
Commuters’ Perceptions of Littering on Trains in South Africa: A Case for Environmental Social Work
Authors: Schenck Catherina Johanna , Grobler Lizette , Blaauw Derick , Viljoen Kotie
Published: September 2022

Environmental social work is a growing area of interest in social work globally; yet in South Africa there is still an absence of literature in this field. Building on the definition of environmental social work as assisting humanity in creating and sustaining a biodiverse planetary ecosystem, we researched the relationship between perceptions of waste disposal behaviour and waste disposal practices such as littering. Littering has been underexplored in developing countries, including in South Africa, and particularly in South African public transport. This article reports on the results of a case study at one train station in the Western Cape province of South Africa to explore and understand possible reasons for littering on trains and train stations as perceived by commuters. A qualitative exploratory methodology was used to collect 21 in-depth semi-structured interviews at the train station. The data were thematically analysed and the perceived determinants of littering were highlighted. The findings echoed the global literature referring to a lack of infrastructure such as bins, the litterers’ personal traits, and the need for education and awareness. Two unique South African themes emerged: job creation and dissatisfaction with the government or authorities not being responsive to the commuters’ needs. This study, the first on littering on trains in South Africa, makes a case for the importance of environmental social work by demonstrating the way in which it could contribute to sustainability and reaching the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.
A Collaborative Autoethnography of Organising the First Online Conference for Southern African Students of Psychology
Authors: Moodley Janice , Parry Bianca , Masisi Itumeleng
Published: September 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic necessitated the accelerated adoption of online technologies for teaching and learning globally, including academic conferencing. This was a challenging, yet welcomed, learning experience for the academic organisers of the 7th Southern African Students’ Psychology Conference that was held virtually for the first time in 2021. Using collaborative autoethnography, we articulate our personal experiences of organising the conference in our various capacities. We do so within the context of the nationwide lockdown during the Covid-19 pandemic and at an open distance e-learning tertiary institution in a state of flux. Isolation, the imposter syndrome and burnout thematically unified our collective experiences, reminding us that we are academics in context. We respond to gaps in the literature by prioritising the experiences of female academics in the Global South and academics at an open distance e-learning university within the context of the Covid-19 pandemic in South Africa.
Factors Affecting the Teaching–Learning Process Through the Use of Social Media: Comparative Analysis of Students from Rural and Urban Environments at the Catholic University of Zimbabwe
Authors: Musasa tapiwa
Published: September 2022

The use of social media as a teaching–learning platform was necessitated by the outbreak of COVID-19. The disease was declared a worldwide pandemic by the World Health Organization and when it spread to more than 100 countries within weeks it was inevitable for countries to take measures to curb the spread of the disease by shutting down schools and enforce movement restrictions. Zimbabwe also implemented these measures through a series of statutory instruments, which saw students and teachers confined to their homes. As mitigation measures, schools had to come up with solutions to enable teaching and learning, and social media emerged as one of the most common methods of teaching and learning. Students from different localities and economic backgrounds had to use the same methods of learning which were part of the open distance learning platform. In this paper, I argue that although social media was one of the best methods at hand to deal with teaching and learning challenges caused by the movement restrictions brought about by COVID-19, students from different communities and economic backgrounds were affected differently by the teaching–learning platform, with consequent unequal access to the learning platform. In the paper, I recommend that stakeholders in schools, colleges and universities emphasise the use of other means of open distance learning such as Moodle which keeps information permanently. In addition, institutions of higher learning can liaise with internet service providers for affordable data bundles to eliminate exclusion of students on the basis of geographical location.
Model of a Thermally Induced Liquid Inclusion Migration in a Single Crystal of Halites under a Homogeneous Temperature Gradient Field
Authors:   Nuclear Safety Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Avetisyan A. R. , Korchagina O. O. ,   Nuclear Safety Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Matveev L. V. ,   Nuclear Safety Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2022

The paper focuses on an evolution model developed for a liquid inclusion in halites under a temperature gradient field, taking into account surface phenomena. To demonstrate the safety of heat-generating radioactive waste disposal in salt rocks (halites), thermally induced migration of liquid inclusions should be studied. Based on the study, a software package was developed providing numerical implementation of this model. The diffusion equation with initial and boundary conditions was approximated via the finite element method on triangular unstructured mobile grids. In case of weak formulation, the equations were discretized and solved in the FEniCS software. The study showed good agreement between the calculations and the experimental data.
Strategy for the fractionation of HLW from SNF reprocessing
Authors:   JSC “Advanced Research Institute of Inorganic Materials named after Academician A. A. Bochvar”, Kashcheev V. A. , Logunov M. V. ,   JSC “Advanced Research Institute of Inorganic Materials named after Academician A. A. Bochvar”, Shadrin A. Yu. ,   JSC “Advanced Research Institute of Inorganic Materials named after Academician A. A. Bochvar”, Rykunova A. А. ,   JSC “Advanced Research Institute of Inorganic Materials named after Academician A. A. Bochvar”, Schmidt O. V. ,   JSC “Advanced Research Institute of Inorganic Materials named after Academician A. A. Bochvar”
Published: September 2022

The paper considers the main prerequisites of the fractionation strategy for HLW from SNF reprocessing. It analyses the composition of HLW resulting from SNF reprocessing taking into account the requirements for the quality of the glass compound and the criteria forming the basis of the classification system for solidified radioactive waste. The paper evaluates the opportunities for renouncing the idea of deep HLW disposal. It proposes basic HLW fractionation options with an assessment of their feasibility considering the engineering tools available. For the proposed strategies, the paper evaluates the volumes of solidified RW fractions and the RW disposal cost. Based on the calculations performed, it also presents the postulates of the fractionation strategy.
Alternative Conceptual Designs of Safety Barriers Proposed for Deep RW Class 1 Disposal at the Yeniseiskiy Site in the Nizhnekanskiy Rock Mass
Authors:   А. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Martynov K. V. , Zakharova E. V. ,   А. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kulyukhin S. A. ,   А. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2022

The paper presents initial data and a flowchart supporting the conceptual development of an engineered safety barrier system (EBS) intended for a deep disposal facility (DDF) for RW Class 1 (RW-1) to be established at the Yeniseiskiy site within the Nizhnekanskiy rock mass (NKM). It sets forth the key safety conditions that should be provided when a particular EBS material is selected under DDF designs. The study presents estimated sorption retention of non-mobile and migration of mobile long-lived RW-1 radionuclides in the porous solution of clay-based barrier materials. The study showed that under conservative assumptions (with no account taken of radionuclide retardation by bedrocks given their retention provided solely by the EBS) to provide NKM DDF safety, the clay-based barrier thickness should not be less than 1.5—2 m given the barrier material dry density of not less than 1.4 g/cm3 resulted from its saturation. As for the barrier material dry mass, it should not be less than 100–160 tones per single RW-1 package. The degree of conservatism may be decreased along with the growing knowledge on the protective properties of the rock mass and its consideration in further calculations of radionuclide migration.
Direct C–H Arylation
Authors: Dhankhar Jyoti , Čorić Ilija
Published: September 2022

Bonds between hydrogen and carbon atoms are the most frequent type of bonds in organic molecules. The ability to replace hydrogen atoms by making other types of bonds to carbon atoms can enable simpler access to complex organic molecules by substituting multistep synthetic sequences. The use of transition metal catalysts to activate C–H bonds is particularly attractive as it offers control over the reactivity and selectivity through catalyst design. However, such functionalization includes the difficult breaking of strong C–H bonds that are not activated by the presence of other groups. Additionally, the common presence of a number of C–H bonds in a molecule raises the issue of site-selectivity because differentiation of C–H bonds that are in sterically and electronically similar environments is a challenge. We discuss selected recent developments that are a part of the long-term research interest in mild and selective C–H activation reactions with a focus on the replacement of C–H bonds with C–aryl groups and an emphasis on the work of our group.
Supramolecular Engineering of Hybrid Materials in Photovoltaics and Beyond
Authors: Milić Jovana V.
Published: September 2022

Solar-to-electric energy conversion has provided one of the most powerful renewable energy technologies. In particular, hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites have recently emerged as leading thin-film semiconductors for new generation photovoltaics. However, their instability under operating conditions remains an obstacle to their application. To address this, we relied on supramolecular engineering in the development of organic systems that can interact with the surface of hybrid perovskites through different noncovalent interactions and enhance their operational stabilities. Moreover, we have utilized the uniquely soft yet crystalline structure of hybrid perovskites and their mixed ionic-electronic conductivity to provide a platform for advancing their functionality beyond photovoltaics. This account reviews our recent progress in supramolecular engineering of hybrid perovskites in photovoltaics and discusses their perspectives in the development of smart technologies.
Molecular Z-Scheme for Solar Fuel Production via Dual Photocatalytic Cycles
Authors: Ayare Pooja J. , Watson Noelle , Helton Maizie R. , Warner Matthew J. , Dilbeck Tristan , Hanson Kenneth , Vannucci Aaron K.
Published: September 2022

Natural photosynthesis uses an array of molecular structures in a multi-photon Z-scheme for the conversion of light energy into chemical bonds (i.e., solar fuels). Here we show that upon excitation of both a molecular photocatalyst (PC) and a substituted naphthol (ROH) in the presence of a sacrificial electron donor and proton source, we achieve artificial photosynthesis of H2. Data support a multi-photon mechanism that is catalytic with respect to both PC and ROH. The use of a naphthol molecule as both a light absorber and H2 producing catalyst is a unique motif for Z-scheme systems. This molecular Z-scheme can drive a reaction that is uphill by 511 kJ/mol and circumvents the high energy constraints associated with reduction of weak acids in their ground-state, thus offering a new paradigm for the production of solar fuels.
Effect of the QM Size, Basis Set and Polarisation on QM/MM Energy Decomposition Analysis
Authors: Mandado Marcos , Nogueira Juan J. , Cardenas Gustavo , Pérez-Barcia Álvaro
Published: September 2022

Herein, an Energy Decomposition Analysis (EDA) scheme extended to the framework of QM/MM calculations in the context of electrostatic and polarisable embeddings (QM/MM-EDA) is applied to assess the effect of the QM region size on the convergence of the different interaction energy components, nameyl, electrostatic, Pauli and polarisation, for cationic, anionic and neutral systems interacting with a strong polar environment (water). Significant improvements are found when the bulk solvent environment is described by a MM potential in the EDA scheme as compared to pure QM calculations that neglect bulk solvation. The predominant electrostatic interaction requires for sizeable QM regions. The results reported here show that it is necessary to include a surprisingly large number of water molecules in the QM region to obtain converged values for this energy term, contrary to most cluster models often employed in the literature. Both the improvement of the QM wavefunction by means of a larger basis set and the introduction of polarisation into the MM region through a polarisable embedding do not translate to a faster convergence with the QM region size, but lead to better results for the different interaction energy components.
Pequeña filosofía de la enunciación
Authors: Latour Pierre , Quezada Macchiavello Óscar
Published: September 2022

Traducción de Óscar Quezada Macchiavello.
Charter on the Siberian Kirghiz of 1822 and the Kazakhs of the Middle Zhuz
Authors:   Kazakhstan Branch of Lomonosov, Moscow State University (Nur-Sultan), Yermekbay Zh. A.
Published: September 2022

The article reveals the content of the “Charter on the Siberian Kirghiz” approved in 1822.The main organizer of the new regulatory document was the Governor-General of Siberia M.M. Speransky, who, as fate would have it, turned out to be the first Russian official who proposed the reform of the administrative-territorial administration of the Kazakhs of the Middle Zhuz included in the Governorate General of Western Siberia.
Contribution of the Cadets of the Irkutsk Fire Technical School of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR to Emergency Response Activities in the Baikal Region in 1960–1980
Authors:   East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Vasiliev M. A.
Published: September 2022

In this publication, on the basis of previously unpublished and not introduced into scientific circulation archival materials, the contribution of cadets of the Irkutsk Fire Technical School of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR to emergency response activities on the territory of the Baikal region in 1960–1980 is investigated. The authors considered the issues of professional training of cadets, noted significant events in the fire protection activities of cadets. The article revealed the features of the educational process on the basis of the school, which allowed to form a professional staff of firefighters in the region.
Metric Books of the Synagogue of the City of Irkutsk about the Dead as a Historical Source
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Berman E. A.
Published: September 2022

The article presents an analysis of the collection of metric books of the Irkutsk synagogue for the period of 1878–1920, which is stored in the State Archive of the Irkutsk region. Particular attention is paid to the collection of metric books of the dead from 1900 to 1919. The information presented in the books is the most important source for the reconstruction of the life of the Irkutsk Jewish community.
Telemedicine for emergency patients in pre-hospital care: A scoping review
Authors: R.A. Wita Ferani Kartika  , Pujiyanto  , Putri Cahya Adriani
Published: September 2022

Pre-hospital care is the initial phase of emergency management for patients with acute conditions. Emergency patients' mortality rates can be lowered with appropriate pre-hospital care. The utilization of telemedicine has been increasing rapidly, and one of its applications is the provision of pre-hospital care. This study aimed to identify and evaluate published research on the use of telemedicine to facilitate emergency patient management in pre-hospital care. ProQuest, Scopus, EMBASE, and EBSCOhost databases were used for article search and PRISMA flow diagram was used to perform the articles selection. The search results obtained 443 articles. Title and abstract screening removed 347 articles, leaving 41 to be assessed for eligibility. Articles relevant to the study question and meet the criteria were 14 articles. Most of the studies were conducted in developed countries. The use of telemedicine has a significant potential to improve the quality of pre-hospital care provided to emergency patients, by aiding in diagnosis and treatment selection for patient’s better outcomes. However, to establish this system, a well-organized EMS system is required. Nevertheless, the use of this technology requires more development, and additional study is required in the future.
Prevalence of Syphilis Cases Among Blood Donors in Bojonegoro
Authors: Nuraini Fatia RIzki , Muflikhah Nina Difla
Published: September 2022

Syphilis is a disease caused by Treponema pallidum. Syphilis could transmit through sexual intercourse, and can also occur in the vertical direction from the mother to the fetus, through blood products and, in some cases, through medical equipment. Among those, blood transfusions are the main way to spread the disease. WHO estimates that more than 1 million people worldwide are diagnosed with 4,444 sexually transmitted diseases daily. This study was using total 51351 blood sample obtained from blood donor in 2020 and 2021 in Blood Donor Unit (UDD PMI) Bojonegoro. The aim in this study was to find the prevalence of syphilis cases occurred in Blood Donor Unit (UDD PMI) Bojonegoro. This finding may have implication to increase people awareness in syphilis. This study was used descriptive study with cross sectional design and conducted by using cross tabulation as statistical analysis. The data showed that there was slight increase with 0.12% and 0.16% cases of confirmed syphilis in 2020 and 2021 respectively (P = 0,174). Total cases from 51351 blood samples, 71 (0,14%) blood samples were positive for syphilis. The highest cases in 2020 was occurred in January (7 cases) and highest cases in 2021 was occurred in October (13 cases). The conclusion of this study showed that the prevalence of syphilis was low in this study. Even though the percentage might be below 1% in this study, it is still a significant transfusion problem in blood donation quality purpose to be overcomed.
Spatial Distribution of HIV Cases in Female Sex Workers in Palembang City
Authors: Anjani Risda , Rosyada Amrina , Najmah  , Putri Dini Arista
Published: September 2022

Key populations such as PSP (Female Sex Workers) are one of the factors that have the potential to influence the number of HIV-positive cases. The prevalence of HIV cases in Indonesia in the PSP group is 2.1%. This study aimed to examine the spatial distribution of HIV cases in PSP (Women Sex Workers) in Palembang City. This type of research is descriptive with an ecological study design. The population groups studied were 41 Public Health Center, 14 hospitals, and other HIV services such as Class I Rutan and Class IIA Women's Prisons in 18 sub-districts in Palembang City. The study used secondary data from the KT, and TIPK HIV Reports from the City Health Office, while spatial data were obtained from government websites and Google Maps. The results showed that the distribution area of ​​the PSP key population was at most 23 Ilir, Merdeka health center and Campus health center, and in the working area of ​​hospitals, detention centers, and women's prisons, there was no distribution of PSP key populations. Then, the distribution of HIV-positive cases in the PSP key population found no distribution of HIV confirmed cases in the working area of ​​the public health center or the working area of ​​hospitals, detention centers, and women's prisons. The need for further attention to policymakers on the unequal distribution of VCT services and socialization from health workers is also needed to increase awareness of PSP key populations regarding the importance of conducting VCT to prevent and control HIV cases in key populations to suppress HIV cases in Palembang City.
The Features of Intense Electron Flow Impact on Metal Hydride Electrode
Authors: Sereda Ihor , Hrechko Yaroslav , Babenko Ievgeniia , Azarenkov Mykola
Published: September 2022

The features of generation of a shielding plasma layer by a Zr50V50 metal hydride surface which prevents the sample from melting have been studied. The sample was interacting with an electron beam formed directly by the metal hydride. The electron beam was emitted from primary plasma generated by an additional discharge with a filament cathode and accelerated in the space charge layer at the front of the shielding plasma, which is formed on hydrogen desorbed from metal hydride or on the sample material in case of the depletion of stored hydrogen. Three different stages of the formation of shielding plasma layer have been identified depending on the ratio between the current to the metal hydride IMH and the current of the primary plasma source Id. When IMH/Id < 1 the classical conditions for charged particles transfer are realized. At IMH/Id > 1 the classical conditions for the transfer of charged particles are violated and double layer appears at the front of the shielding plasma, which ensures the efficient energy transfer from external electrical field to the energy of bipolar motion of charged particles.
Structural, Thermal, and Electronic Investigation of ZrCo1-xNixBi (x=0, 0.25, 0.75, and 1) Half-Heusler Alloys
Authors: Al-Elaimi Mahmoud
Published: September 2022

This article presents the theoretical evaluation of the structural, mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of half-Heusler (ZrCo1-xNixBi = 0, 0.25, 0.75 and 1) alloys in the framework of density functional theory (DFT) that is implemented in WIEN2k code. Equilibrium lattice parameters are found agree with previous literature. Several calculated mechanical properties are revealed that all studied alloys are mechanically stable. According to the critical values for B/G, Ni-doped ZrCoBi alloys are ductile, whereas ZrCoBi and ZrNiBi are brittle. The band structure and density of states of the present compounds show that ZrCoBi has a semiconducting nature, while Ni-doped ZrCoBi has a half-metallic nature. The structural reforms, brought to ZrCoBi as the Ni-dopant concentration increases at the site of Co-atom, showed an increase in its metallicity, conductivity and ductility, and a decrease in its rigidity, stiffness, minimum thermal conductivity, melting and Debye temperatures. According to the results obtained, ( ZrCo1-xNixBi = 0, 0.25, 0.75 and 1) alloys could have potential thermal and electronic applications.
Correlating Deposition Parameters with Structure and Properties of Nanoscale Multilayer (TiSi)N/CrN Coatings
Authors: Beresnev Vyacheslav M. , Maksakova Olga V. , Lytovchenko Serhiy V. , Klymenko Serhiy A. , Horokh Denis V. , Manohin Andrey S. , Mazilin Bohdan O. , Chyshkala Volodymyr O. , Stolbovoy Vyacheslav A.
Published: September 2022

Multilayer (TiSi)N/CrN coatings were fabricated through vacuum-arc deposition by applying the arc currents of (100 ÷ 110) A on TiSi cathode and (80 ÷ 90) A on Cr cathode, negative bias potential connected to the substrate holder of –(100 ÷ 200) V and reactive gas pressure of (0.03 ÷ 0.6) Pa. Applying a negative bias voltage on substrates enhanced the ion bombardment effect, which affected the chemical compositions, phase state, mechanical and tribological properties of (TiSi)N/CrN coatings. Obtained results indicated that (TiSi)N/CrN coatings with Si content ranging from 0.53 to 1.02 at. % exhibited a high hardness level of (22.1 ÷ 31.1) GPa accompanied with a high Young’s modulus of (209 ÷ 305) GPa, H/E* level of (0.080 ÷ 0.100), H3/E*2 level of (0.15 ÷ 0.33) GPa, and the friction coefficient of 0.35. Values of critical loads at dynamic indentation, changes in friction coefficient and level of acoustic emission signal evidence the high adhesive strength of (TiSi)N/CrN coatings, which allows recommending them to increase cutting tool performance.
7.379 % Power Conversion Efficiency of a Numerically Simulated Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell with Copper (I) Thiocyanate as a Hole Conductor
Authors: Danladi Eli , Kashif Muhammad , Daniel Thomas , Achem Christopher , Alpha Matthew , Gyan Michael
Published: September 2022

Sourcing for an alternative to the liquid electrolyte in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been the subject of interest in the photovoltaic horizon. Herein, we reported by means of simulation, the performance of dye-sensitized solar cell by replacing the liquid electrolyte with a copper (I) thiocyanate (CuSCN) hole conductor. The study was carried out using Solar Capacitance Simulation Software (SCAPS) which is based on poisson and continuity equations. The simulation was done based on an n-i-p proposed architecture of FTO/TiO2/N719/CuSCN/Pt. The result of the initial device gave a Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE), Fill Factor (FF), Short Circuit Current Density (Jsc) and Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) of 5.71 %, 78.32 %, 6.23 mAcm-2, and 1.17 V. After optimizing input parameters to obtain 1×109 cm-2 for CuSCN/N719 interface defect density, 280 K for temperature, 1.0 μm for N719 dye thickness, 0.4 μm for TiO2 thickness, Pt for metal back contact, and 0.2 μm for CuSCN thickness, the overall device performance of 7.379 % for PCE, 77.983 % for FF, 7.185 mAcm-2 for Jsc and 1.317 V for Voc were obtained. When compared with the initial device, the optimized results showed an enhanced performance of ~ 1.29 times, 1.15 times, and 1.13 times in PCE, Jsc, and Voc over the initial device. The results obtained are encouraging and the findings will serve as a baseline to researchers involved in the fabrication of novel high-performance solid-state DSSCs to realize its appealing nature for industry scalability.
Entangled Coherent States in Teleportation
Authors: Kumar Shivani A. , Kanwar Shefali , Shukla Pramila
Published: September 2022

In the present paper, we will review the methods to produce superposition of entangled coherent state using polarizing beam splitter and Kerr non linearity. These coherent states have many attractive features and can be used in various schemes. Entanglement, refers to the superposition of a multiparticle system and explains a new type of correlations between any two subsystems of the quantum system, which is not existing in the classical physics. The present paper deals with the use of these states in quantum teleportation, entanglement diversion and entanglement swapping schemes. Entanglement diversion and entanglement-swapping refers to a scheme which may entangle those particles which had never interacted before. In the swapping scheme, two pairs of entangled state are taken. One particle from each pair is subjected to a Bell-state-measurement. This would result in projection of the other two outgoing particles in an entangled pair. Quantum Teleportation of two mode and three modes states is also studied with perfect fidelity. Minimum assured fidelity which is defined as the minimum of the fidelity for any unknown quantum information of the states is also discussed. It is also shown how the success rate of teleportation of a superposition of odd and even coherent states can be increased from 50% to almost 100%. The scheme suggested by van Enk and Hirota was modified by Prakash, Chandra, Prakash and Shivani in 2007. We find that an almost teleportation, diversion and swapping is possible by simply separating vacuum state from the even state. The present paper also deals with study of effect of decoherence and noise on these states and the effect of noise on fidelity and minimum assured fidelity. It is also discussed that these schemes can also be applied to the process of entanglement diversion and entanglement swapping.
Importância de se levar em consideração as interações de alunos adolescentes com a mídia televisiva e redes sociais para uma proposta de act de cunho CTS
Authors: Soligo Marina G. , Maciel Maria Delourdes , Guazzelli Iara R. B.
Published: September 2022

Os resultados de pesquisa que se apresenta e analisa neste trabalho foram obtidos no quadro de uma investigação mais ampla, qualitativa, etnográfica e participante, realizada em uma escola pública da Rede Municipal de Ensino, localizada num bairro popular do extremo leste da cidade de São Paulo, em setembro de 2010. A pesquisa, integrada ao “Proyecto Iberoamericano de Evaluación de Actitudes Relacionadas con la Ciência, la Tecnología y la Sociedad” foi realizada no quadro de uma tese de doutorado em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática e apresentou como discussão central a situação do ensino de ciências procurando reconhecer e problematizar as atitudes de um professor e de seus alunos nas aulas de ciências em relação ao ensino oferecido e à perspectiva CTS. Analisa-se, neste trabalho, dados coletados em entrevistas individuais com 24 alunos que evidenciaram um significativo interesse dos alunos para com a perspectiva CTS e os temas/questões que ela suscita, particularmente pela temática ambiental, motivado pelo contato dos alunos com uma cultura mais ampla, através de múltiplas interações sócio-culturais envolvendo família, comunidade religiosa, mídia televisiva e uma das redes sociais da Internet. A escola pesquisada não dialogava com esta cultura, permanecendo distante e alheia aos interesses dos alunos.
Enseñar, aprender y evaluar sobre Ciencia y Tecnología y Sociedad desde el Proyecto EANCYT
Authors: Alonso Ángel Vázquez , Mas María A. Manassero , Roig Antoni Bennàssar , Bonnin Silvia Ortiz
Published: September 2022

Esta propuesta describe una investigación que afronta el problema educativo de enseñar con calidad CTS o la naturaleza de la ciencia y la tecnología, es decir, las cuestiones acerca de como la ciencia y la tecnología (CyT) validan su conocimiento y como funcionan en el mundo actual. El proyecto integra un equipo internacional iberoamericano amplio y multidisciplinar, formado por varios grupos de investigación pertenecientes a países e instituciones de lenguas ibéricas (español y portugués), que diseñan y realizan cooperativamente el plan de investigación. Se presentan ejemplos del diseño y la documentación de la investigación: unidades didácticas, cuestionarios de evaluación (pre y post test), cuestionarios de entrevistas a alumnos, actividades, informes y planificación general de aplicaciones de unidades didácticas por profesores en el aula.
Discutindo a queda dos corpos com estudantes do proeja a partir de atividades experimentais
Authors: Erthal João Paulo Casaro , Linhares Marília Paixão
Published: September 2022

Neste artigo é discutida e detalhada a implementação de uma estratégia didática desenvolvida em uma turma do PROEJA (Programa Nacional de Integração da Educação Profissional com a Educação Básica na Modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos). O ensino de ciências para essa modalidade educacional requer a elaboração de estratégias específicas devido à heterogeneidade desse público. A temática trabalhada foi queda dos corpos, assunto recorrente na mecânica, e a aula foi conduzida a partir de atividades experimentais exploradas numa perspectiva interacionista. A avaliação do processo teve como base a análise das interações sociais durante a aula e a comparação dos resultados de uma situação problematizadora inicial e de um teste final aplicado aos participantes.
Análise de Erros em soluções de questões de Álgebra: uma pesquisa com alunos do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Brum Lauren Darold , Cury Helena Noronha
Published: September 2022

Neste artigo, são apresentados resultados parciais de uma investigação desenvolvida com o objetivo de analisar erros cometidos por estudantes de 8º ano do Ensino Fundamental na resolução de questões algébricas. Para embasar a investigação, foram buscados autores que têm discutido o ensino de Álgebra e as dificuldades encontradas pelos alunos. A metodologia empregada foi a análise de conteúdo dos erros, dividida em três fases: pré-análise, exploração do material e tratamento dos resultados. Participaram da pesquisa 23 alunos de 8º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública de um município do Rio Grande do Sul. Os estudantes resolveram cinco questões de Álgebra e suas respostas foram analisadas, classificadas segundo o modelo de Movshovitz-Hadar e colaboradores e descritas no texto. Ainda foi apresentado um quadro-síntese com o número de erros de cada tipo, em cada questão. Pelos resultados encontrados, pode-se concluir que os erros técnicos, que envolvem manipulações algébricas, e aqueles que decorrem da passagem da linguagem natural para a Matemática são os mais frequentes.