bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypermethylation of the FOXP3 gene regulates Tregs immunodysregulation in chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Wang Zengsheng , Lang Tao , Li Yan , Zhang Xiaoyan , Abdur Muhubair , Mao Min
Published: July 2024

Background: Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by a breakdown of immune tolerance; in ITP, the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys platelets. This study aims to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of FOXP3 in chronic ITP.
Methods: Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in CD4+CD25+ T lymphocytes from 20 patients with chronic ITP (CITP), 20 acute ITP (AITP) controls, and 20 healthy individuals.
CD4+CD25+ Treg cells were isolated from peripheral blood of patients with CITP using magnetic beads and then treated with phosphate-buffered saline solution or decitabine (a methylation inhibitor) for 48 h. The levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-10, and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) in the plasma and CD4+CD25+ Treg cells were assessed by Enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). FOXP3 level was measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR) was adopted to detect the status of FOXP3 methylation.
Results: The number of Treg cells and the contents of IL-2, IL-10, and TGF-β1 decreased in patients with CITP, compared to the AITP control group and normal group. FOXP3 expression was reduced and FOXP3 methylation increased in patients with CITP, compared to the AITP control group and normal group. Hypermethylation of FOXP3 promoter led to decrease in FOXP3 level in Treg cells. Inhibition of FOXP3 promoter hypermethylation promoted the secretion of IL-2, IL-10, and TGF-β1 in Treg cells.
Conclusion: The number of Treg cells in CITP patients decreased, and the hypermethylation of FOXP3 promoter led to reduction of its expression in Treg cells, thus affecting the immune functioning of Treg cells.
Overexpression of USP8 inhibits inflammation and ferroptosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by regulating the OTUB1/SLC7A11 signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Lu , Zhang Yu , Xu Di , Zhu Dan , Zhou Ying , Chen Zhihai , Huang Xiufeng
Published: July 2024

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a familiar disease, and owns high morbidity and mortality, which critically damages the health of patients. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 8 (USP8) is a pivotal protein to join in the regulation of some diseases. In a previous report, it was determined that USP8 expression is down-regulated in LPS-treated BEAS-2B cells, and USP8 restrains inflammatory response and accelerates cell viability. However, the regulatory roles of USP8 on ferroptosis in COPD are rarely reported, and the associated molecular mechanisms keep vague.
Objective: To investigate the regulatory functions of USP8 in COPD progression.
Material and Methods: The lung functions were measured through the Buxco Fine Pointe Series Whole Body Plethysmography (WBP). The Fe level was tested through the Fe assay kit. The protein expressions were assessed through western blot. The levels of tumor necrosis -factor-α, interleukin 6, and interleukin 8 were evaluated through enzyme-linked immunosorbent serologic assay. Cell viability was tested through CCK-8 assay.
Results: In this work, it was discovered that overexpression of USP8 improved lung function in COPD mice. In addition, overexpression of USP8 repressed ferroptosis by regulating glutathione peroxidase 4 and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family 4 expressions in COPD mice. Overexpression of USP8 suppressed inflammation in COPD mice. Furthermore, overexpression of USP8 suppressed ferroptosis in COPD cell model. At last, it was verified that overexpression of USP8 accelerated ubiquitin aldehyde-binding protein 1 (OTUB1)/solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) pathway.
Conclusion: This study manifested that overexpression of USP8 restrained inflammation and ferroptosis in COPD by regulating the OTUB1/SLC7A11 signaling pathway. This discovery hinted that USP8 could be a potential target for COPD treatment.
Knockdown of GNL3 inhibits LUAD cell growth by regulating Wnt–β-catenin pathway
Authors: Dai Guihong , Sun Yuejun
Published: July 2024

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a leading cause of tumor-associated mortality, and it is needed to find new target to combat this disease. Guanine nucleotide-binding -protein-like 3 (GNL3) mediates cell proliferation and apoptosis in several cancers, but its role in LUAD remains unclear.
Objective: To explore the expression and function of Guanine nucleotide-binding protein-like 3 (GNL3) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and its potential mechanism in inhibiting the growth of LUAD cells.
Methods: We evaluated the expression of GNL3 in LUAD tissues and its association with patient prognosis using databases and immunohistochemistry. Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assay as well as colony formation, while apoptosis was evaluated by FCM. The effect of GNL3 knockdown on the Wnt/β-catenin axis was investigated by Immunoblot analysis.
Results: GNL3 is overexpressed in LUAD tissues and is correlated with poor prognosis. Knockdown of GNL3 significantly inhibited the growth as well as induced apoptosis in A549 as well as H1299 cells. Furthermore, we found that the inhibitory effect of GNL3 knockdown on LUAD cell growth is associated with the downregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin axis.
Conclusion: GNL3 is key in the progression of LUAD by metiating Wnt/β-catenin axis. Targeting GNL3 may represent a novel therapeutic method for LUAD treatment.
How Does Contemporary YA Literature Represent Rural People and Places?
Authors: Sanders Jennifer
Published: July 2024

This article presents a critical content analysis of representations of rural people and places in contemporary, middle grades and young adult novels. Interrogating representations is vital for implementing critical rural place pedagogies. Findings indicate this award-winning text set included diverse representations of racial, religious, and sexual identities. Characters often felt a sense of place-based belonging and identity but also experienced tensions of feeling stuck. Rural places were frequently depicted as places of despair and pervasive poverty, with a lack of middle or upper-middle income representations. Implications for teacher education are presented with suggestions for critical place pedagogies and developing counternarratives that convey the diversity of rural people and places.
“This Isn't a Place for Castoffs. We're Here Because We Want to be Here”
Authors: Suico Terri
Published: July 2024

Former classroom teacher, teacher educator, and young adult literature scholar, Lisa Hazlett offers insight on her experiences in rural areas and how these experiences prompted her to write her book Teaching Diversity in Rural Schools. In this discussion, she explains the singularity of the Upper Midwest and why place matters when it comes to reading and teaching young adult literature.
The Country's a Drag
Authors: Schroeder Gretchen L.
Published: July 2024

This paper examines the queer rural spaces in Julie Murphy’s 2021 young adult novel Pumpkin. In particular, it explores the concepts of rural-urban binaries, rural out-migration, and drag culture as they are related to the LGBTQ+ community. The author argues that Pumpkin creates a portrait of modern rural communities that confutes previous assumptions that queer people don’t exist in rural spaces, and if they do, they must leave in order to find acceptance and community.
Sergei Parajanov in Search of Identity: Between Self-Burial and Reflection on Death
Authors: Simyan Tigran
Published: July 2024

This article continues the discourse on humanitarian thanatology and the question of mortality in art. The author describes the initial impulses of the manifestation of the motifs of self-mourning and self-burial with reference to the habitus of Parajanov and his work and other intertextual connections. As the empirical material shows, the motifs in question manifested themselves in different years through different channels of communication (memories of friends, letters, scripts, collages, photographs, photographs of performative acts, etc.). These motifs were an important leitmotif of his creative nature. Parajanov’s encounters with death in various formats show that he, as a survivor of prison, was confronted with the problem of death. Through performative acts, he repeatedly replayed his experiences of death through self-mourning and selfburial games. The analysis shows that almost all performative acts manifest the code of carnivality. The problem of a funeral and self-mourning is presented indirectly. The great Parajanov is also mourned through cultural and religious images (Gioconda, Catholicos of all Armenians). Sergei Parajanov also acts as a director, aestheticising the wake and funeral of his relatives and close friends (son-in-law, sister). His detachment from the death of his loved ones and the aestheticisation of the funerals show that in his mind, the code of mourning is replaced by carnivality. The funeral procession is aestheticised, what happens is perceived from a distance, but with an emphasis on beauty.
Socio-cultural and Didactic Aspects of M. M. Speransky’s Personal Correspondence with his Daughter and British Relatives of his Wife
Authors: Sozinova Kseniya
Published: July 2024

This article explores the connections that M. M. Speransky had with the relatives of his prematurely deceased wife, Elizabeth Jane Stephens. Her mother came from the Swiss family of Planta, who had moved to England in 1752. Methodologically, this research is based on the “new biographical history” or “new biography”, the methods of microhistory and the gender principle in biographical research. The author reconstructs the nature of Speransky’s interaction with the Planta family on the basis of correspondence preserved in his collection in the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian National Library with Joseph Planta the Elder (1744–1827), Director of the British Museum, and with his son, Joseph Planta the Younger (1787–1847), who held a post in the Foreign Office. Joseph Planta the Elder was a prominent intellectual of his time, and his son was directly connected with the British Foreign Office during one of the most turbulent periods in European history, and such connections could not but leave their mark on Speransky’s own life. The author concludes that the maintenance of long-term links with his wife’s family, with whom Speransky was not personally acquainted, testifies to the importance of these family ties, both for Speransky himself and for his daughter. Speransky actively encouraged and supported his daughter’s correspondence with Barbara Planta, her grandmother’s sister, and sought to provide his daughter with a European education, with an emphasis on the study of foreign languages, including English. It is concluded that the correspondence with the Planta family allowed Speransky himself to feel involved in both British and European culture, and to raise his daughter in this paradigm, instilling in her a European identity.
The Creative Heritage of Maksim Grek and the Formation of Spiritually Significant Texts for the Old Believers
Authors: Gurianova Natalya
Published: July 2024

This article deals with the formation of the canon of sacred texts among the Old Believers, which determined their system of book authorities. The relevance of the topic is connected with the need to get a more comprehensive idea of the formation of the religious and social movement that received the name “Old Believers”. The author pays attention to an important aspect of the study of the Old Believer ideology, which was determined by the system of book authorities. The defenders of Old Belief followed the traditions of the scribes of Old Rus and maintained a special attitude to the text, bordering on its sacralisation. From the first steps of the reform, they turned to manuscripts and early printed books to find evidence of the illegality of introducing innovations into the liturgical practice of the Russian Church. The Story of How to Make the Sign of the Cross by Maksim Grek was cited by opponents of the church reform as an argument in defence of the negative view of the introduction of the three-fingered sign of the cross by Patriarch Nikon. It is shown that the Solovetsky monks largely determined the attitude to this work. They not only copied it, but also began to defend the authority of Maksim Grek when the representatives of the official Church expressed doubts about the sincerity of the author’s opinion on the twofingered sign of the cross. The next generations of the Old Believers continued to search for evidence of the veneration of this Athos monk by the Patriarchs and the Russian Church, in order to convince readers of his holiness. The analysis of the collections of the Old Believers helps get an idea of a completely scholarly approach to the search, which allowed the Old Believers already at the beginning of the eighteenth century to gain access to a fairly complete circle of sources on the life and work of Maksim Grek in Russia, even according to the ideas of researchers of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, to copy them and make them known to other Old Believers. The works of Maksim Grek were of particular importance, and their study made it possible to include them in the canon of sacred texts. It is concluded that the authors of the essays and the compilers of the collections did a lot of work to strengthen the authority of Maksim Grek among the Old Believers, and the writings of the Athos monk were included in their system of book authorities.
“The Pearl of the Urals”: The Symbolic Capital, Social Infrastructure, and Development Prospects of Miass
Authors: Bugrov Konstantin
Published: July 2024

Taking the city of Miass (Chelyabinsk region) as an example, this article examines the historical aspect of the formation of the symbolic capital of Russian secondtier industrial cities. The author demonstrates that the vision of the city in the twentieth century developed along with the growth of municipal infrastructure, which in turn followed the industrial growth of the city, resulting from a certain “historical luck” of Miass. This industrial growth was programmed by the arrival of the Trans-Siberian Railway, the “overflow” of heavy industry from the mountainous region of neighbouring Zlatoust and the evacuation during the Great Patriotic War. In the 1960s, Miass acquired the status of a ‘naukograd’ (scientific city), thanks to the emergence of a design bureau and a missile industrial complex. Since the end of the nineteenth century, one of the most important elements of the symbolic capital of Miass has been a stable representation of the specific beauty of the nearby mountainous region of the Urals and Lake Turgoyak. The growth of Miass during the Soviet era consolidated the discourse of the natural beauty of this “city in the Golden Valley”, and Lake Turgoyak acquired the reputation of the “Pearl of the Urals”, the importance of which was fully recognised after the environmental protection campaign of the 1970s and 1980s. The collapse of the Soviet planned economy and the transition to a post-industrial society led Miass along the path of inertial development, which contradicts the significant symbolic capital accumulated during the years of urban and industrial growth. The author concludes that the creative development of Miass is possible with the use of the accumulated symbolic capital along two lines, i. e. the rise of tourism or innovative development; however, both lines will require a shift from inertial development to novel and risky investments in social and communal infrastructure.
Corm size and planting density affect the yield and longevity of saffron (Crocus sativus L.)
Authors: RALLI Parthenopi E. , MENEXES George , DORDAS Christos A.
Published: July 2024

The effect of the corm size of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and the planting density was determined on a field study for six years. The objective of the present study was to determine the impact of the corm size and planting density on flower and stigma yields. Two corm sizes were used: corms with a diameter up to 2.5 cm and corms with a diameter greater than 2.5 cm, and five planting density: 22, 27, 33, 44 and 67 corms/m2 with planting distances 30, 25, 20, 15 and 10 cm on the plant row, respectively. The results showed that the year (growing season) and the interaction of year (growing season) with corm size affected all the characteristics that were studied. Over the six-year study period, there was a gradual increase in flowering from the first to the third year, followed by a decline in the fifth and sixth years. The yield of larger corms (greater than 2.5 cm) was higher during the first three years, while smaller corms (less than 2.5 cm) produced higher yields in the fourth through sixth years. On the contrary, the planting density, did not significantly affect the characteristics studied over the six years of cultivation and therefore did not affect the stigma yield of saffron. Therefore, corm size together with the environment are important factors that can affect the productivity and the longevity of the crop and should be considered when planting a new saffron cultivation.
The effect of artificial vs natural infection with Alternaria alternata on tomatoes, in the climate change context
Authors: FLOREA Antonia L. , SUCIU Loredana , ȘOPTEREAN Laura M. , FLORIAN Vasile
Published: July 2024

Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are some of the most popular vegetables in the world. The productivity of crops is determined by a detailed knowledge of the natural environment, the correct application of the knowledge related to the specific technology, and the interaction between species and the environment. The environment itself influences the crops and they may be beneficial to the normal development of the plant or may induce different sensitivities to the cultivated plants. The main objective of this article was to identify the most resistant tomato varieties to Alternaria alternata attack, in natural and artificial infection conditions. The biological material used was five varieties of tomatoes with large-fruit: ‘San Marzano’, ‘Marmande’, ‘Romus’ and with cherry-type fruit: ‘Perun’ and ‘Bajaja’. The varieties were chosen due to large scale cultivation, resistance to various stress factors (disease and pest), and different organoleptic qualities. In the present events of climate change, it is necessary to continue testing the genetic material on the resistance and tolerance to the action of pathogens. The aim of the research was to test a group of tomato varieties to A. alternata attack. The pathogens can cause plant populations to evolve into an extremely varied set of immune receptors with differing ways of responding. In the Transylvanian Plain area, Romania, 2021 was a favourable year for this pathogen due to suitable infection conditions. Among the varieties of tomatoes, the cherry-type fruit ‘Perun’ (14.73%), was one of the most resistant to A. alternata. At the same time at the opposite end, the ‘Bajaja’ variety (25.33%) was the most affected cherry-type tomato in case of natural infection in 2022. The differences between the varieties reinforce the fact that climatic conditions significantly impact the dispersion of the pathogen on the field cultivated in both types of infection.
Spectral analysis and bioactive profiling of hot methanolic extracts from Phoenix dactylifera seeds: Antibacterial efficacy and in vitro cytotoxicity insights
Authors: MONI Sivakumar S. , MOHAN Syam , ALAM Mohammad F. , ELMOBARK Mohamed E. , JABEEN Aamena , SABEI Fahad Y. , REHMAN Zia ur , ALAM Md Shamsher , ALOWAYNI Abdul M.H.M. , ASIRI Ahmed M.O. , HASSAN Dalin A. , ABUBAKER MOHAMED Mawada , ABDALLAH Hana F. , SEETHARAMAN Shanmuganathan
Published: July 2024

Phoenix dactylifera, commonly called date palm, has great importance as a fruiting plant. The hot methanolic extract of date seeds (HMEDSE), was further fractionated into three fractions (F1, F2, and F3) through column chromatography. The three fractions were composed of various bioactive constituents which was analysed through GC-MS and FT-IR analysis. The results revealed remarkable antibacterial properties of crude HMEDSE against various pathogenic microorganisms affecting humans. The spectrum of activity of HMEDSE against various human pathogenic bacteria showed the following sequence based on its efficacy, Escherichia coli (17.6 ± 2.5 mm), Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.3 ± 2.5 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (16.3 ± 1.5 mm), Streptococcus pyogenes (15 ± 2.6 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15 ± 2 mm), and lastly, Bacillus subtilis (14.3 ± 2 mm). Furthermore, HMEDSE exhibited cytotoxicity, with an IC50 of 73.5 ± 0.5 µg/mL against MCF-7 ATCC breast cancer cells, leading to gradual apoptosis.
Controlling Botrytis gray mold in strawberry fruit by bioactive protein isolated from kidney bean
Authors: EL-BELTAGI Hossam S. , ABBAS Entsar , HABES ALMUTAIRI Hayfa , SHALABY Tarek A. , MOHAMED EL-GANAINY Sherif , MOHAMED Amal A. , SITOHY Mahmoud , OSMAN Ali
Published: July 2024

Due to the risks they pose to human and environmental health, there has been a strong push in recent times to reduce the use of chemical fungicides in phytopathogen treatment. In the present study, vicilin was isolated from kidney bean seeds and characterized by SDS-PAGE, zeta potential, and pH solubility curve. The α/ (85 KDa), α (70 KDa), and β (60 KDa) subunits were represented by three distinct protein bands in vicilin. The linear growth of B. cinerea was clearly reduced by 12.96%, 14.81%, 25.92%, 35.18%, and 40.73% in response to vicilin application at 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 µg/ml, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of vicilin-exposed B. cinerea revealed hyphae enlargement and conidia distortion. Addition of vicilin from kidney bean seeds clearly reduced the disease incidence in a concentration-dependent manner (100, 200, and 400 µg/mL). The higher doses (400 µg/mL) of vicilin provided higher activity in decreasing the disease severity of the strawberry fruits. As a sustainable glycoprotein, vicilin, found in kidney bean seeds, can be used to combat postharvest fungal infections.
Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from leaf callus with genetic stability validation using SCoT markers in Paramignya trimera, a medicinal plant native to Vietnam
Authors: DANG HUYNH Thuy Vy , HUONG CAO Thi Cam , TRAN NGUYEN Hai Tho , VAN TRAN Thi Cam , LE HUYNH Minh Quyen , TRAN Phuong Ly , NGUYEN Phong Vu
Published: July 2024

Xao tam phan (Paramignya trimera (Oliv.) Guillaum) is a medicinal plant native to Vietnam, that is renowned for its therapeutic properties, particularly for the treatment of various ailments, including cancer. This study investigated in vitro propagation of P. trimera through somatic embryogenesis and shoot organogenesis using leaf callus. Various culture media, plant growth regulators, malt extract, and carbon sources were evaluated to optimize callus induction and somatic embryo formation from leaf explants. DNA barcoding confirmed 96.96% to 100% homology with P. trimera specimens from Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam. The highest callus formation rate, reaching 100%, was observed in one-year-old explants cultured in Woody Plant Medium (WPM) supplemented with 2.0 mg L-1 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.2 mg L-1 benzylaminopurine (BAP) in the dark for over six weeks. In WPM supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose, 4.0 mg L-1 BAP, and 500 mg L-1 malt extract, globular stage embryos developed into embryoids and shoots and buds clumped at 10 and 18 weeks, respectively. Shoot organogenesis was observed in WPM supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose and 0.07 mg L-1 thidiazuron (TDZ) after 18 weeks of culture. Genetic fidelity assessments using 12 SCoT markers indicated that in vitro plantlets were homologous to the mother plant. This study provides a viable method for the conservation and sustainable cultivation of Xao tam phan, ensuring a stable supply of this valuable medicinal resource.
Resource manager for heterogeneous processors
Authors: Aparicio Jose Alberto , Benitez Perez Hector , Alvarez-Icaza Longoria Luis Agustin , Mendoza Rodríguez Luis
Published: July 2024

A resource administrator (RM) can distribute tasks processing time between heterogeneous processors is presented. Its design is based on analyzing of the possible forms of attention to pending tasks and in the previous knowledge about them. A model is proposed based on difference equations that quantify the resource allocation of each task and choose the best processor where the task can be executed. The scheme adapts to dynamic changes in the requirements or the number of tasks.
Holiday Peak Load Forecasting Using Grammatical Evolution-Based Fuzzy Regression Approach
Authors: Li Guo , Hu Xiang , Chen Shuyi , Chang Kaixuan , Li Peiqi , Wang Yujue
Published: July 2024

Peak load forecasting plays an important role in electric utilities. However, the daily peak load forecasting problem, especially for holidays, is fuzzy and highly nonlinear. In order to address the nonlinearity and fuzziness of the holiday load behaviors, a grammatical evolution-based fuzzy regression approach is proposed in this paper. The proposed hybrid approach is based on the theorem that fuzzy polynomial regression can model all fuzzy functions. It employs the rules of the grammatical evolution to generate fuzzy nonlinear structures in polynomial form. Then, a two-stage fuzzy regression approach is used to determine the coefficients and calculate the fitness of the fuzzy functions. An artificial bee colony algorithm is used as the evolution system to update the elements of the grammatical evolution system. The process is repeated until a fuzzy model that best fits the load data is found. After that, the developed fuzzy nonlinear model is applied to forecast holiday peak load. Considering that different holidays possess different load patterns, a separate forecaster model is built for each holiday. Test results on real load data show that an averaged absolute percent error less than 2% can be achieved, which significantly outperforms existing methods involved in the comparison.
A patrimonialização da escola: implementação de espaços de memória em instituições educacionais de Sergipe (2005- 2018)
Authors: Oliveira João Paulo Gama , Souza-Chaloba Rosa Fátima de
Published: July 2024

Resumo A partir do desafio de inserir o patrimônio escolar no debate do campo do patrimônio e sua preservação, busca-se analisar os espaços de memória escolar criados em Sergipe entre os anos de 2005 e 2018. Dialogamos, de maneira mais específica, com a concepção de “patrimonialização” da escola e a necessidade de valorizar as singularidades e especificidades dos sujeitos escolares. Trata-se de cinco acervos salvaguardados em instituições públicas e privadas, que contam com documentos e objetos que revelam práticas educativas de distintos períodos históricos, níveis de ensino e públicos atendidos. Destacamos como tais projetos foram materializados e o papel da comunidade nos caminhos trilhados pelo grupo de sujeitos que participou da constituição de seus acervos, com escolhas e finalidades distintas.
Synthesis and study of the properties of zirconium dioxide powders with different yttrium content
Authors: Buinachev S. V. , Domashenkov M. A. , Mashkovtsev M. A. , Polivoda D. O. , Zhirenkina N. V.
Published: July 2024

As part of the study, the influence of yttrium content on the properties of particles during controlled precipitation and after thermal treatment was investigated. Precipitation was carried out at a constant pH of 5 from nitric acid solutions, where the concentration of zirconium was 1 mole/dm3 and the yttrium content ranged from 0 to 30 % based on their oxides. The drying and calcination temperatures of the precipitates were 40 °C and 1000 °C, respectively. It was shown that with a yttrium content of up to 15 %, there was a consistent increase in the average diameter of zirconium hydroxide particles during deposition. When the yttrium concentration was increased to 30 %, the average particle size increased during the first 10 minutes of deposition, followed by a gradual decrease. The largest particle diameter was observed in the specimen with 7 % yttrium. In all cases, the formation of spherical aggregates was observed. With an increasing yttrium content, the boundaries between particles became smoother, and the degree of co-deposition of yttrium during synthesis decreased from 80 % to 60 %. Depending on the yttrium concentration, different modifications of stabilized zirconium dioxide powders were obtained: tetragonal ZrO2 for 2–7 % yttrium, and cubic ZrO2 for 15–30 % yttrium. Therefore, the results obtained during the study can be useful for the development of technology for the production of powdered materials for various applications.
ECONOMIC, ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNICAL PROBLEMS OF OIL AND GAS FIELD ABANDONMENT
Authors: Klimov D.S. , Rozman M.S. , Shahramanyan A.R.
Published: July 2024

More and more mature fields in the old oil-producing regions are now in the stages of declining production, and their operation is close to completion, therefore, the upcoming liquidation work is of particular relevance and importance. Decommissioning of developed or inactive oil and gas wells is associated with a number of environmental, economic and legal problems. Liquidation of oil and gas facilities can become a significant expense for companies, especially if the budget deficit does not fully pay off during operation. At the same time, the negative impact of field development on the environment is not limited to the period of active production. With the onset of liquidation work, subsoil users may have obligations to government agencies in the form of taxes, licenses and other payments, which also increases their financial burden. Interaction between the state and subsoil users in the process of development and decommissioning of oil and gas fields becomes an important factor in the rational use of natural resources. Often, control over the liquidation of abandoned or decommissioned fields is entrusted to the state, although companies also have obligations to report on planned and implemented related activities. Since liquidation measures are a rather labor-intensive process that requires careful planning and financial resources, subsoil users sometimes evade responsibility, citing the lack of the necessary amount of financial resources to carry out these works. The article provides an overview of international experience in approaches to financing liquidation work. Mechanisms of legal regulation of relations between state management bodies and subsoil users, organizational, technical and economic problems of liquidation of oil and gas fields, as well as a number of approaches to effective financial support for the decommissioning of oil and gas facilities are considered. In conclusion, based on the presented analysis of the problems of the industry and international experience in organizing liquidation measures, the authors give several of their proposals, the implementation of which can be considered necessary preparatory work for effectively solving the problems of eliminating the consequences of the operation of hydrocarbon deposits with the onset of the desired economic stability.
UPDATED MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE TRUNK PIPELINE SECTION WITH LOOPING IN CASE OF LEAKAGE
Authors: Vanchugov I.M. , Rezanov K.S. , Shestakov R.A.
Published: July 2024

Pipeline transport is the main method of moving volumes of oil and oil products, as it has several advantages, for example, quality safety and high throughput. At the same time, it also has some disadvantages, which can include the difficulty of increasing throughput without high capital investments and possible leaks and unauthorized tie-ins into pipelines, which are sometimes difficult to identify. Looping is one of the main ways to increase the throughput of the existing pipeline system, when the need to increase the volume of oil and oil products supplies requires the construction of several parallel pipelines — looping. At the same time, the basic mathematical model for calculating the section of the trunk oil pipeline with looping does not fully cover all the physical processes associated with the distribution of flows in the parallel section, which arise due to turbulences in the connection nodes, as well as head loss along the length of the jumpers. Taking into account the resulting flow redistributions, it becomes difficult to detect a potential leak, since any of the detection methods can not solve the problem with high accuracy with determining the leak coordinate with an unknown distribution of fluid flow rates in a parallel section. As part of the study, an updated mathematical model of the oil export pipeline section with looping was developed, which took into account the presence of a potential leak in the parallel section. Mathematical modeling was carried out on the basis of the assumption of a known coordinate, the effect of leakage on the redistribution of flows in a parallel section was estimated. To assess the impact of the leak, various coordinates and volumetric flow rates were set, based on the calculation results, graphs of the flow rate in looping versus its length and internal diameter were plotted. The study is the initial phase of developing a hydraulic location leak detection system for the oil export pipeline section with looping. The need to refine the mathematical model for determining the flow rate in the parallel section is an urgent and necessary task, the solution of which will allow identifying potential leaks with reliable accuracy.
Análisis financiero del sector de transporte y almacenamiento en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Quintero González Luis Joao ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Solís Loor Lady Carolina , Vera Santistevan Víctor Patricio ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador),   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: July 2024

El sector del transporte y el almacenamiento es uno de los más relevantes de la economía a nivel mundial. Se estima que en América Latina y el Caribe, la inversión en infraestructura de transporte, entre 2008 y 2016 promedió el 1,2 % del PIB. Esta representa una importante cifra, sin embargo, se estima que está inversión aún no alcanza los niveles requeridos para el logro de objetivos asociados al desarrollo sostenible, para lo cual la misma debería ser de alrededor del 2,2 % del PIB (Lardé, 2021).
Diagnosis of oral cancer using deep learning algorithms
Authors: Dávila Olivos Mayra Alejandra , Herrera Del Águila Henry Miguel , Santos López Félix Melchor
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study was to use deep learning for the automatic diagnosis of oral cancer, employing images of the lips, mucosa, and oral cavity. A deep convolutional neural network (CNN) model, augmented with data, was proposed to enhance oral cancer diagnosis. We developed a Mobile Net deep CNN designed to detect and classify oral cancer in the lip, mucosa, and oral cavity areas. The dataset comprised 131 images, including 87 positive and 44 negative cases. Additionally, we expanded the dataset by varying cropping, focus, rotation, brightness, and flipping. The diagnostic performance of the proposed CNN was evaluated by calculating accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and area under the curve (AUC) for oral cancer. The CNN achieved an overall diagnostic accuracy of 90.9% and an AUC of 0.91 with the dataset for oral cancer. Despite the limited number of images of lips, mucosa, and oral cavity, the CNN method developed for the automatic diagnosis of oral cancer demonstrated high accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and AUC when augmented with data.
Denevérek téli aktivitásának vizsgálata városi környezetben (Sopron)
Authors: Winkler Dániel , Rákos Lilla
Published: July 2024

We analyzed the winter activity of bat species in urban environment, in the Botanical Garden of the University of Sopron. The investigation period lasted from 18 November 2015 until 29 February 2016. The investigation was carried out with an acoustic detector. During the hibernation period, a total of four bat species have been identified: the common noctule (Nyctalus noctula), the grey long-eared bat (Plecotus austriacus), the savi’s pipistrelle (Hypsugo savii) and the kuhl's pipistrelle (Pipistrellus kuhlii). For all four species detected, activity and leaving of wintering sites during the hibernation period were significantly related to certain weather parameters. In almost all cases, daily mean, maximum and minimum temperature positively affected the winter activity of the detected species, while daily amount of precipitation negatively correlated with the activity of the common noctule and the grey long-eared bat.
Makine öğrenme yöntemleriyle nehir akım tahmininde farklı tekniklerinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: Akbulut Uğur , Çifçi Mehmet Akif , İşler Buket , Aslan Zafer
Published: July 2024

Su yeryüzünün %75’ini kaplamaktadır ve bu oran toplam dünya kütlesinin sadece yaklaşık 4500 de 1’ini oluşturmaktadır. Dünya üzerindeki bütün canlıların varlığını sürdürebilmesi için gerekli olan en temel maddelerden biri sudur. Ayrıca su tarımsal faaliyetlerle, ekonomiyle, sağlıkla, enerji kaynaklarının kullanımı ve hijyen gibi unsurlarla karmaşık bir ilişki içinde bulunmaktadır. İklim değişiklikleri ve artan nüfus ile paralel olarak gelecek yıllarda su kaynaklarımızın yetersiz kalması, yaşanması olası başlıca büyük problemlerdendir. Temiz su kaynaklarının korunması ve geliştirilmesi, canlı yaşamı açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Mevcut su potansiyelinin tasarruflu kullanılması su ve kullanımının verimli hale getirilmesi gerekmektedir. Buna dayanarak mevcut suyun ne kadarını kullanılabileceği ve gelecekte su potansiyelinin ne derece değişeceğini önceden tahmin etmek su planlaması yapılması açısından şarttır. Akım ölçümleri gözlem istasyonlarında günlük olarak yapılmaktadır. Bu verilere dayalı olarak, matematik modellerle ve makine öğrenmesi sistemleri ile tahmin çalışmaları yapılabilmektedir. Bu araştırmada inceleme bölgesi olarak seçilen Yukarı Fırat havzası Tagar çayı Küçükkumluk ve Sakarya Havzası Kütahya Porsuk çayı Porsuk Çiftliği istasyonuna ait günlük ortalama akım, bölgeye ait günlük toplam yağış miktarı ve günlük ortalama hava sıcaklığı değerleri birlikte analiz edilmiş ve inceleme istasyonlarına ait nehir akım hızı tahmini yapılmıştır. Akış tahmini için Lineer Regresyon (Linear Regression-LR), Destek Vektör Regresyonu (Support Vector Regression-SVR), Karar Ağaçları (Decision Tree- DT), Rasgele Orman (Random Forest- RF) ve Ekstra Ağaçlar Regresyon (Extra Tree Regressor- ETR) yöntemleri uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca, uygulanan modellerin her birinin başarı performansları artırmak amacıyla Dalgacık Dönüşümü (Wavelet Transform- WT) kullanarak hibrit bir yöntem geliştirilmiştir. Veri setinin yaklaşık % 65’i eğitim, %15 doğrulama ve % 20’si test verisi olarak ayrılmıştır. Tagar Çayi Küçükkumluk için %70.8 ve Porsuk çayı Porsuk Çiftliği için %67.67 oranıyla ETR en başarılı tahmin yöntemi olarak saptanmıştır. Geliştirilen hibrit modelin tahmin başarısını bütün yöntemler için başarı oranını arttırmış; en yüksek artış oranlarını Tagar çayi Küçükkumluk için %20.82, Porsuk çayı Porsuk Çiftliği için %30.64 oranında artarak SVR yönteminde elde edilmiş; En başarılı yöntem olarak ETR yöntemi olup sırası ile %89.61 ve %86.39 oranlarında başarı elde edilmiştir. Üstel düzleştirme yöntemi ileri dönük 2030 yılına kadar tahmin değerleri elde edilmiştir.
Beyin tümörü biyopsisi için derin öğrenme tabanlı risk minimizasyonlu otomatik planlama
Authors: Şahin Mustafa , Şahin Emrullah , Özdemir Edanur , Talu Fatih , Öztürk Sait
Published: July 2024

Biyopsi, tümör türünün belirlenmesi ve patolojik teşhisin konulması için kritik bir işlem olarak karşımıza çıkar. Bu süreç, özellikle tümörlü yapıdan parça alınarak gerçekleştirilen planlama ve cerrahi müdahale olmak üzere iki temel aşamayı içerir. Planlama aşamasında, MRI verisi üzerinden hastanın beynindeki anatomik noktaların işaretlemesi yapılır ve bu sürecin ortalama dört saat sürdüğü bilinmektedir. Ancak, manuel işaretlemeyle yapılan bu tür planlamaların doğruluk eksiklikleri, sübjektif varyasyonlar ve zaman alıcılığı, otomatik bir planlama aracının kritik bir ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, MRI ve MRA verisi üzerinden tam otomatik, son teknoloji derin öğrenme mimarilerini içeren bir biyopsi planlama yöntemi önerilmektedir. Önerilen bu yöntem, biyopsi planlamasını hızlı, tutarlı ve tekrarlanabilir bir şekilde gerçekleştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem dört ana aşamadan oluşmaktadır: 1-) Beyinin üst kabuk bölgesinin çıkarılması, 2-) Tümör tespiti ve hedef noktasının belirlenmesi, 3-) Beyin damar ağacının bölütlenmesi, 4-) Optimum yörünge tespiti için üç aşamanın kombinasyonu ve risk hesaplanması. Bu otomatik yöntem, ITKTubeTK'deki 42 hasta verisiyle doğrulanmıştır. Ayrıca, "3D Slicer" eklentisi olarak hazırlanan bu çalışma, klinikler için ücretsiz bir bilgisayar destekli araç olarak sunulmaktadır. Araştırmanın ilerleyen aşamalarında, risk hesaplamasını daha da geliştirmek amacıyla fMRI verisinin entegrasyonu üzerine çalışılması planlanmaktadır.
Yeni bir yetenek tabanlı üniversite ders zaman çizelgeleme problemi için çok amaçlı bir matematiksel programlama modeli
Authors: Subulan Kemal
Published: July 2024

Üniversite ders zaman çizelgeleme, hemen hemen tüm akademik birimlerin her yarıyıl öncesinde çözüm üretmesi gereken taktiksel seviyede bir problemdir. Günümüzde, Yüksek Öğretim kalite güvencesi kapsamında çeşitli eğitim programı değerlendirme/akreditasyon kuruluşlarının belirlediği standartları sağlamak amacıyla, akademik birimlerin tanımladığı program çıktılarının tüm öğrencilere kazandırılabilmesi için bu çıktılarla ilişkilendirilen ve her ders için öğretim üyeleri tarafından tanımlanan öğrenim çıktıları/kazanımları dikkate alınarak temel teknik yeteneklerin belirlenmesi ve bu yeteneklerin ders programında optimal dağıtımını sağlayan etkin ve efektif ders programlarının hazırlanması gerekmektedir. Bu araştırma motivasyonuna dayanarak bu çalışmada, yeni bir yetenek tabanlı ders programı hazırlama yaklaşımı bilimsel yazında ilk defa ele alınarak; problemin çözümü için çok amaçlı, doğrusal olmayan bir karışık tamsayılı eniyileme modeli geliştirilmiştir. Modelin doğruluğu ve geçerliliği, D.E.Ü. Endüstri Mühendisliği Bölümü’nün bahar yarıyılı eğitim-öğretim dönemine ait bir gerçek hayat uygulaması üzerinde test edilmiştir. Uzlaşık programlama ve bulanık hedef programlama (BHP) tekniklerinden elde edilen uzlaşık ders programları, geçmiş yıllara ait mevcut ders programları ile karşılaştırıldığında, çelişen çeşitli hedefler (Ders programı üzerinde optimal yetenek dağıtımının sağlanması, öğrencilere maksimum sayıda ve çeşitte farklı temel yeteneklerin kazandırılması, öğretim üyelerinin tercihleri doğrultusunda derslerin atandığı periyotlar arasındaki toplam zamansal farkın en küçüklenerek beklenti/isteklerinin karşılanması, esnek kısıtların ihlal edilmesi durumunda maruz kalınan ceza maliyeti) açısından önemli ölçüde iyileştirmelerin sağlanabildiği ortaya konulmuştur.
Tarihi gar binalarının kullanıcı tercihlerine göre zamansız müzeye dönüştürülmesi üzerine bir araştırma: Ankara Gar Binası örneği
Authors: Uslu Esra , Dönmez Yasin , Bölükbaşı Ertürk A.esra
Published: July 2024

Bir kentin sahip olduğu mimari formlar ve özelliklerinin yanı sıra, şehre ait gar binaları kentin kimliğini oluşturan önemli unsurlar arasındadır. Tarihi gar yapıları, kenti ziyaret etmek ve deneyimlemek isteyen kişilerin, kent ile ilk karşılaştıkları anı simgeledikleri için insanların hafızalarında önemli bir yer edinir. Bu kapsamda, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kuruluş döneminde yapılmış ve tarihsel olarak önemli olaylara şahitlik etmiş, hala aktif olarak kullanılan Ankara Gar Binası’nı deneyimleyen kişilerin görüşleri alınarak, kullanıcı tercihleri tespit edilmiş ve yapının zamansız müzeye dönüşümü ile ilgili düşünceleri alınmıştır. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemi kapsamında anket tekniği kullanılmıştır. Örneklem alanını Ankara Gar Binası kullanıcıları oluşturmuş ve kolayda örneklem yöntemi ile anket soruları beşli Likert ölçeğinde hazırlanmıştır. 521 kişinin anket verileri IBM SPSS Statistics programına işlenmiş ve yanıtlar analiz edilerek yorumlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, bazı faktörler için farklı yaş grupları, meslek grupları, eğitim durumları, medeni durum ve ikamet yeri arasında belirgin farklılıklar ortaya çıkmıştır.
Using Edge Detection Techniques on Aeromagnetic Data to Delineate Structures Controlling Orogenic Gold Deposits in the Sefwi Greenstone Belt, Ghana
Authors: Raju P.V.S. , Boadi Benjamin , Wemegah David Dotse
Published: July 2024

The orogenic-style gold deposits in the Sefwi greenstone belt are associated with quartz veins and occur along shear zones. Edge detection techniques (i.e., analytic signal, vertical, and tilt derivatives) were employed to delineate regional planar fabrics (e.g., shear zones, faults) using aeromagnetic data. The enhancing techniques aided the delineation of NE-SW striking lineaments associated with the Kenyase-Yamfo, Hwidiem, Ketesso, Bibiani, and Afema shear zones in the study area. These shear zones are within the Sefwi belt and at the contact zones between the belt and the adjacent metamorphosed volcano-sedimentary rocks of the Sunyani-Comoé and Kumasi-Afema basins. Low-displacement N-S to NNE-SSW trends which are oblique to the NE-SW shear zones, were also delineated. The local bend and offset along the NE-SW striking faults created by the cross-cutting N-S to NNE-SSW faults serve as favourable trap zones to focus fluids migrating along these shear zones. Fry analysis of known orogenic gold occurrences in the study areas shows that the NE-SW lineaments, with an azimuth of 40°-50°, are predominant in controlling the distribution of deposits. There is also a significant structural control in the N-S to NNE-SSW direction with azimuths 0°-10° and 10°-20°.
Chemometric Speciation of Trace Elements in Indonesian Coal Imported by Indian Thermal Power Stations - A Comparative Study with Indian Coals using SRXRF
Authors: Srikanth S. , Naga Raju G. J. , Gowri Naidu B. , Tiwari M. K. , Sarita P.
Published: July 2024

Imported Indonesian coal samples collected from thermal power plants were analyzed using Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Fluorescence (SRXRF). Sixteen inorganic elements As, Ca, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Ni, Pb, Rb, Se, Sr, Ti, V, and Zn were quantified. To ascertain the abundance in the analyzed samples compared to Clarke values for world coals, the enrichment factor for each element was measured. The analytical results were interpreted using chemometric techniques, namely Pearson’s correlation analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and principal component analysis. This study revealed three principal components contributing to 87.99% of the total variance in the data.