bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unpacking LGBTQ+ Mental Health: Beyond the Umbrella Term
Authors: Kaushal Sahil
Published: October 2023

It is crucial to acknowledge and prioritize the mental health needs of the Sexual and Gender Diversity (SAGD) population. Despite extensive research on mental health and its impact on the LGBTQ+ community, a dearth of literature specifically addresses the unique challenges faced by certain LGBTQ+ groups. This research gap is particularly pronounced when examining smaller sub-groups. The purpose of this paper is to present well-researched evidence on the discrepancies in mental health issues among various LGBTQ+ sub-groups. The aim is to urge researchers to explore intersectionality within these sub-groups and how it influences mental healthcare, evaluation, concerns, and accessibility to care.
Pandangan dasar ekonomi syariah
Authors: Amelia Sonia Pebrianti
Published: October 2023

Pandangan dasar ekonomi syariah
Ekonomi syariah_03112220001_dwi puji lestari
Authors: lestari Dwi puji
Published: October 2023

Masalah ekonomi menurut pandangan islam adalah masalah distribusi barang dan jasa di Tengah-tengah manusia. Ada yang super kaya dan super miskin dari hal tersebut menunjukan tidak terdistribusi.Ekonomi islam terfokus pada perbuatan manusia bukan terfokus pada kuantitas barang dan jasanya.Ekonomi islam bersifat mengikat terhadap seluruh manusia dan allah telah menyiapkan siksa bagi yang menyimpang darinya. Manusia terikat dari hukum syariah, kita diwajibkan untuk terikat dengan aturan ekonomi yang bersumber dari allah swt dan Rasulullah saw, agar kita selamat di dunia dan akhirat.
Racism is not about “race”
Authors: Bressan Paola
Published: October 2023

Unfamiliar individuals are viewed with suspicion across the entire animal kingdom. This makes evolutionary sense, as outsiders may carry unfamiliar pathogens against which one has not yet developed immune defenses. In humans, the unfamiliar-pathogens idea has been dismissed on the grounds that people do not shun microbe-sharing contact with ethnic outgroups (other “races”) more than they do with ingroups. Reanalyzing the same public data on which such claims are based—6,500 participants from China, India, USA, and UK—here I show that (1) people do behave as though the parasites of unfamiliar individuals were more dangerous, and (2) strangers’ ethnicity matters when, and only when, it is a proxy for unfamiliarity. This implies that racism could be tamed by acquainting our children with fellow humans of all shapes and colors, so that everyone in the world looks like family.
Perceived Risk of Alcohol and Drug Use During Abstinent and Non-Abstinent Clinical Remission from Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Hayes Bridget
Published: October 2023

Aims: To examine perceptions of risk associated with substance use during long-term remission from substance use disorder (SUD) by determining 1) whether people in sustained remission perceive more risk of substance use than those with current SUD, and 2) whether remitted people perceive equivalent risk of substance use as people who have never experienced SUD.Method: Perceived risk of alcohol, marijuana, LSD, cocaine, and heroin use were compared on a 3-point Likert scale among people in clinical remission from any SUD (including n = 2,267 in abstinent remission and n = 7,028 in non-abstinent remission) versus people with no lifetime SUD (n = 92,228) and current SUD (n = 11,412). Data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, years 2018 through 2020, were examined using analysis of variance. Results: For most substances, risk perception was slightly higher among abstinent and non-abstinent remitted people than people with current SUD (average effect = 0.17), and slightly lower among abstinent and non-abstinent remitted people than those with no lifetime history of SUD (average effect = 0.15). Among remitted people, those in abstinent recovery perceived greater risk of most substances than those who reported recent alcohol or drug use (average effect = 0.18). Conclusion: Heightened perceptions of risk related to using substances could promote reductions in harmful substance use observed during sustained remission from SUD. Risk perceptions may remain diminished compared to controls even during extended remission. However, very small effect sizes call into question the clinical significance of findings.
Comparative Outcome Data Using Different Techniques for Posterior Lumbar Fusion: A Large Single-Center Study
Authors: Lewis Daniel , Marya Shivan , Carrasco Roberto , Sabou Silviu , Leach John
Published: October 2023

Study Design: Retrospective single-center study.Purpose: This study aims to evaluate perioperative and intermediate-term clinical outcomes of patients undergoing different lumbar fusion techniques.Overview of Literature: Various open and minimally invasive techniques for lumbar fusion are available, but previous studies comparing lumbar fusion techniques have heterogeneous data, making interpretation challenging.Methods: Between 2011 and 2018, data from 447 consecutive patients undergoing one/two-level lumbar fusion were analyzed. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) with bilateral muscle strip or Wiltse approach, open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) and minimally invasive TLIF, and posterolateral fusion only were among the surgical techniques used. Core outcomes measure index (COMI) questionnaires were distributed before surgery and at 3 months, 1 year, and 2 years postoperatively to establish patient selfreported outcome measures. Demographic data (age, gender, and body mass index [BMI]) for each patient were also collected in addition to surgical indication, previous operative history, perioperative outcomes, and complications, and whether later revision surgery was required. Pearson’s chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test, repeated measure mixed-effects models, and ordinal logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.Results: Postoperative COMI scores improved across all procedures compared with pre-surgery (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between different postoperative COMI scores. Significant predictors of higher postoperative COMI score included higher pretreatment COMI score (p≤0.001), previous surgery (p≤0.04), younger age (p≤0.05), higher BMI (p≤0.005), and the indications of lytic spondylolisthesis (p=0.02) and degenerative disc disease (p<0.001). Patients undergoing minimally invasive TLIF had a significantly shorter post-surgery stay than patients undergoing open PLIF (Kruskal-Wallis test, p=0.03).Conclusions: At 2 years postoperatively, there was no significant difference in clinical outcomes between open and minimally invasive techniques. These findings suggest that the main determinant of surgical approach should be surgeon preference and training.
Negative Effects of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis on Bone Fusion after Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Authors: Hagihara Shusuke , Ohta Hideki , Tanaka Jun , Shiokawa Teruaki , Kida Yoshikuni , Iguchi Yohei , Tatsumi Masato , Shibata Ryo , Tahara Kenichi , Shibata Tatsuya , Sanada Kyoichi , Ymamoto Takuaki
Published: October 2023

Study Design: This study adopted a retrospective cohort study design.Purpose: This study aimed to clarify the influence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) on bone fusion after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).Overview of Literature: The negative effects of DISH on lumbar degenerative diseases have been reported, and DISH may be involved in the onset and severity of lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Patients with DISH have significantly more reoperations after posterior lumbar fusion, including TLIF. However, the effects of DISH on bone fusion after TLIF have not been reported.Methods: The medical records of patients with intervertebral TLIF from 2012 to 2018 were retrospectively examined. The patients were divided into those with fusion and those with pseudoarthrosis, and the following data were compared: age, sex, DISH, diabetes mellitus, smoking, drinking, albumin levels, body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, and L5/S fixation. Statistical analyses were performed using regression models.Results: In this study, 180 patients (78.6%) had fusion and 49 patients (21.4%) had pseudoarthrosis. The number of patients with DISH was significantly higher in the pseudoarthrosis group than in the fusion group (36.7% and 21.7%, respectively; univariate p=0.031, multivariate p =0.019). No significant differences in age, sex, diabetes mellitus, smoking, drinking, albumin levels, body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, and L5/S fixation were observed between the two groups. The risk factors for bone fusion were statistically analyzed in 57 patients with DISH. DISH with a caudal end below Th11 was an independent risk factor for pseudoarthrosis (univariate p=0.011, multivariate p=0.033).Conclusions: DISH is an independent risk factor for pseudoarthrosis after one intervertebral TLIF, and DISH with a caudal end below Th11 is associated with a higher risk of pseudoarthrosis than DISH without a caudal end below Th11.
Opinions of Internet users on fake news (research report)
Authors: Subocz Elzbieta , Solarska małgorzata
Published: October 2023

Fake news is becoming increasingly prevalent in mass media and poses a significant threat to various aspects of society, including individual, political, economic, cultural, and health domains. Current events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine, demonstrate the harmful effects of disinformation on the real world. This article presents the findings of an empirical study conducted on a sample of 110 internet users to understand their attitudes towards fake news. The study aimed to explore how internet users perceive fake news, its forms, and the risks associated with believing false information. The research results demonstrate that the respondents had a good understanding of the concept of fake news and its dangers. Most of the respondents reported attempting to verify the information they read by cross-checking it with multiple sources of information.
Scholarly communication of early career researchers – organisation of international research with the participation of Poles and its Polish follow-up
Authors: Świgoń Marzena , Nicholas David
Published: October 2023

This paper discusses the central assumptions as well as the organisation of studies into scholarly communication as seen through the eyes of early career researchers, which have been conducted for several years in eight countries, i.e. the United States, the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Malaysia, China, Russia and Poland. The research projects carried out between 2016 and 2022 (funded by Publishing Research Consortium, CIBER Research Ltd. and Sloan Fundation) involved conducting longitudinal interviews with scholars representing the fields of engineering and technology, medical and health sciences, science and life sciences, as well as social sciences. On the other hand, 2023 (National Science Centre project no. 2022/45/B/HS2/00041) saw the introduction of interviews with Polish early career researchers from previously unanalysed fields, namely the humanities, theological sciences and the fields of arts.
Сільське господарство Вінниччини у 1945 р.: характерні риси, тенденції розвитку
Authors: Кравченко Павло , Мельничук Олег
Published: October 2023

The paper aims to define characteristic social and economic processes and analyze trends in the development of agriculture in Vinnytsia region through the prism of the situation in collective farms. The research methodology is based on the principles of scientific, retrospective, comparative and historical analysis; principles of analysis and synthesis, generalization, historical-criticism, of historical-systemic, specific-problematic, and systemic research. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the authors base their research on newly introduced sources and critically examine the Party-Soviet documents of 1945, revealing typical features of the social and economic situation that developed in collective farms in the final year of World War II. Conclusions. The second year of the restored colonial, essentially communist Soviet regime in Vinnytsia region did not bring positive changes in the social and economic situation of the collective farms. Agriculture, utterly exhausted after the war, was further subjected to increased exploitation by the Stalinist regime, which did not take into account the real state of affairs in the village. Lack of economic incentives and material interest in the results of work, as well as increased tax pressure contributed to the further decrease in labor productivity and the growth of indifference. The regime saw a way out of the situation in the strengthening of repression. Altogether, this preconditioned and caused the famine of 1946-1947. Certain issues of this topic require more detailed study and analysis.
PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING IN THE KRASNOYARSK REGION: A NEW APPROACH TO ITS FORMATION AND EFFECTIVE USE IN CONDITIONS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMY
Authors: Ovsyanko L. A. , Ozerova M. G. , Fedorova M. A.
Published: October 2023

Recently, more and more attention has been paid to the development of the agrarian sector of the Russian economy, as well as the formation of conditions necessary for the dynamic evolution of its sectors at the regional level. The article systematises and presents various approaches to studying the definition of “production potential” set out in the scientific works of domestic and foreign economists. The research methodology was based on a theoretical analysis of approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “production potential”, a retrospective and statistical analysis of gross milk production, livestock and productivity of cows, and per capita milk consumption, taking into account the practical approach to the definition of “production potential”. The problem of degradation of dairy cattle breeding in the Krasnoyarsk Territory has been identified, which entails a decrease in the average per capita consumption of milk and dairy products and an imbalance in food security in the region. The task of studying the issues of forming and increasing the efficiency of using the production potential of the industry is outlined, taking into account the dynamically changing conditions for the development of the domestic economy. Based on the analysis of global trends in the development of the industry, as well as the experience of leading domestic farms, the composition of the tools for the digital transformation of dairy cattle breeding is presented. As a result of the study, a new approach to forming the industry’s production potential was formulated, which made it possible to revise the conceptual policy for developing dairy cattle breeding, considering modern digital tools.
ASSESSMENT OF QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOCIAL AND LABOR SPHERE OF THE VILLAGE OF THE KRASNOYARSK REGION
Authors: Yakimova L. A. , Streltsova A. V.
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the results of monitoring the social and labour sphere of the village of the Krasnoyarsk Territory in assessing the financial situation of rural households and the problems that concern rural residents to the greatest extent. The study was conducted in the economic crisis and socio-psychological climate. As a result, the rural population assesses its financial situation quite self-critically and believes that, most likely, it will remain unchanged. However, a fascinating fact is that, despite the low-income level of rural residents, most respondents are not going to take part in agricultural consumer cooperatives, cannot or do not want to organise their businesses and are not oriented towards small business. However, residents generally do not plan to move to the city; in the event of a job loss, they will try to get any other job in the countryside. Therefore, it is proposed to evaluate the qualitative characteristics of the social and labour sphere of the village using the “social scale” methodology, consisting of six stages, starting with the selection of the necessary qualitative indicators and their grouping, interviewing rural residents, converting respondents’ answers into numerical values, placing weighting coefficients and interpreting the results. Finally, it is concluded that the main directions of state policy in the development of the social and labour sphere of the village should be: increasing the level and effectiveness of state support for agricultural producers, developing small businesses and cooperation, and increasing employment through non-agricultural activities and self-employment. Along with these measures, it is recommended to provide social support to low-income citizens by expanding the scope of social contracts and implementing a targeted food assistance project.
THE ROLE OF WAKAF IN REALIZING PEOPLE'S WELFARE
Authors: Arfah Tina
Published: October 2023

Poverty is one of the many problems in this country. Various efforts have been made by the government and elements of society so that the problem of poverty in this country can be resolved. Some attempts were successful, some were not. Poverty that occurs in society is not entirely the responsibility of the government, but is a shared responsibility between the government and the community. is to manage waqf productively. This research is related to the potential of waqf as a development for the welfare of the community. This research is a qualitative research and uses library research (Library Research). The data sources in this study consisted of primary data and secondary data. The primary data sources in this study were the book by Mannan, M. Abdul, Cash Waqf Certificate A, Islamic Financial Instruments and Mustafa E. Nasution's book “Islamic Financial Innovation Cash Waqf. that waqf in Indonesia has an annual economic potential of IDR 3 trillion. The potential is extraordinary, especially if the funds are handed over to the manager and invested in a productive sector, for example, the funds are deposited in an Islamic bank, in other words, every year Islamic banks provide 9% Profit Sharing, then at the end of the year there will already be funds of IDR 270 Billion. The benefits of cash/cash waqf are not only able to increase economic growth, but also to create income distribution.Keyword: Cash Waqf, Welfare, Empowerment Public
INTERACTION OF MACROECONOMIC VARIABLE SHOCKS AND MONETARY POLICY INTERVENTIONS ON THE PROFITABILITY OF SHARIA COMMERCIAL BANKS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Shahmi Mohammad Aliman
Published: October 2023

Background. Economic growth and financial development in Indonesia are supported by developments in the Islamic banking industry. The business continuity of Islamic banking is determined by financial performance, which is measured by the level of profitability. The profitability of Islamic commercial banks is thought to be influenced by macroeconomic variables and monetary policy interventions.Purpose. This study aims to analyze the effect of shocks on macroeconomic variables, including the real effective exchange rate and consumer price index, and monetary policy intervention through the policy instrument of the Indonesian central bank's benchmark interest rate, namely the BI Rate, and the effect of the capital adequacy ratio on the profitability of Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia in the short and long term.Method. This study employs error-correction model analysis to completely utilize secondary data from January 2015 to May 2022. Data gathered from the Financial Services Authority's (OJK) Sharia Banking Statistics and Fred Economic Data (FED)Results. The research results show that the real effective exchange rate and consumer price index affect the profitability of Indonesian commercial banks in the long term but do not have a significant effect on the profitability of Islamic commercial banks in the short term. Monetary policy does not have a significant effect in the short or long term. Meanwhile, the capital adequacy ratio has a significant influence on the profitability of Islamic commercial banks in the short and long term.Conclusion. Macroeconomic variable shocks have the ability to disrupt banking performance in the short term, and this situation shows that banking management has not put flexible policies and a strategic approach to short-term changes in place. Short-term changes are still managed from the standpoint of handling internal conditions, however management is fairly effective at controlling capital adequacy.
Pengaruh Persepsi dan Preferensi Mahasiswa Terhadap Perilaku Investasi di Galeri Investasi Syariah
Authors: Oktarina Mira , Nengsih Novia
Published: October 2023

This research aims to determine the influence of perceptions and preferences on investment behavior at the Sharia Investment Gallery. This research is field research using a quantitative approach. Sampling used random sampling techniques or random samples with a population of 132 Sharia Business Management Study Program students, and to determine the sample using the Slovin formula to obtain 57 samples. The results of the research state that perception (X1) has a significant influence on Investment Behavior (Y) in the Sharia Investment Gallery. Preference (X2) has a significant influence on Investment Behavior (Y) in the Sharia Investment Gallery. Perception (X1) and Preference (X2) have an influence simultaneously on Investment Behavior (Y) in the Sharia Investment Gallery
Analisis Harga Saham Perusahaan Pertambangan Batubara PT Bukit Asam Tbk dan PT. Aneka Tambang Tbk
Authors: Saputra Vikry Dimas , Nada Lifatin , Darmawan Darmawan
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of falling coal reference unit prices in the world on the stock prices of coal mining companies in Indonesia, an analytical study of PT Bukit Asam Tbk. And PT Aneka Tambang Tbk. In this paper it is intended or useful to find out whether the fall in world coal prices has affected the stock prices of the two companies so that an investor can find out the condition of the company’s shares before and after the incident occurred. To get the results the author uses the event study method. Event study is research that observes the impact of an information announcement that affects the price of a company’s securities. Obtained from the use of non-parametric research methods, the wilcoxon signed rank test found that the company PT Bukit Asam Tbk. Not affected by this event, in another sense even though international (worldwide) coal prices are declining, even so this event does not affect the share price of this company’s coal mining company. However, it is inversely proportional to the Company PT Aneka Tambang Tbk. Because because of these events it was found that this company was affected by the consequences of these events.
Perilaku Berzakat Masyarakat Dalam Menunaikan Zakat Perdagangan di Nagari Padang Ganting Kecamatan Padang Ganting Kabupaten Tanah Datar
Authors: Nopiardo Widi
Published: October 2023

Pokok masalah dalam  skripsi ini adalah tidak sesuainya perilaku masyarakat dalam menunaikan zakat perdagangan di Nagari Padang Ganting kecamatan Padang Ganting Kabupaten Tanah Datar. Tujuan penelitin ini yaitu agar mengetahui perilaku masyarakat dalam menunaikan zakat perdagangan di Nagari Padang Ganting kecamatan Padang Ganting Kabupaten Tanah Datar, mengetahui peran UPZ dalam mensosialisasikan zakat perdagangan, dan mengetahui peran ulama dalam memberikan pemahaman terhadap zakat perdagangan.Jenis penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah (field research) penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang penulis lakukan adalah wawancara dengan para pedagang dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data adalah reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku masyarakat dalam menunaikan zakat perdagangan berdasarkan waktu membayarkan zakat tidak ada yang sesuai dengan haulnya, kebanyakan masyarakat membayarkan pada bulan ramadhan sedangkan berdasarkan tempat masyarat membayarkan zakat perdagangan bahwasanya tidak ada satupun masyarakat yang membayarkan zakat kepada lembaga melainkan 100% dari 10 narasumber membayarkan secara langsung kepada mustahik baik kepada masjid, tetangga maupun keluarga yang tidak mampu. Berdasarkan perhitungan zakat umumnya masyarakat menunaikan zakat tidak menggunakan rumus akan tetapi menunaikannya seiklasnya saja dan berdasarkan bentuk zakat yang dikeluarkan ada dua bentuk yaitu dalam bentuk uang dan barang yang di jualnya.
Chapter 5. Trash Food? Fish as Food in Finnish Society between the 1870s and the 1990s
Authors: Hannikainen Matti O.
Published: October 2023

The relationship between the Finns and fish as food changed drastically during the twentieth century. In this chapter, we shall explore how the concept ‘trash fish’, which refers to those species with little or no value for human consumption, was invented and how it evolved and affected the consumption of fish in Finnish society. A scientific discourse aimed at rationalising fishing by classifying fish species according to their (potential) commercial value, thus promoting the valuable species and labelling a few as trash. More importantly, Finns began to prefer both fresh and imported frozen fish over salted fish. This had a drastic impact on the consumption of fish, marking a change captured in numerous cookbooks. Based on the textual analysis of official documents, fishing manuals, journal articles and cookbooks all published in Finnish, we will explore how value of various fish species reflected changes in scientific and culinary discourses.
Chapter 6. Cultural Nature in Mid-Lappish Reindeer Herding Communities
Authors: Lähteenmäki Maria , Ilmolahti Oona , Manninen Outi , Stark Sari
Published: October 2023

Our research task is to present and analyse features of the local human-nature and human-reindeer relations in the historical timespan of the twentieth century and in the context of cultural nature in the historical Forest Sami area of Finnish Mid-Lapland. By cultural nature we refer to the different meanings and attributes groups and individuals give and have given to their surrounding natural environment with its fauna, flora, and waterways. The question is viewed through environmental changes and the meanings connected to reindeer roundups (corrals) and roundup places as an example of human-nature interaction. The reindeer roundups have historically been important social meeting places for subarctic communities, and the roundup events have traditionally been the highlight of the reindeer year. Our empirical focus lies in two reindeer herding cooperatives (Finn. paliskunta), Sattasniemi and Oraniemi, geographically located in the middle of Finnish Lapland ‒ mainly in Sodankylä, and partly in Savukoski and Pelkosenniemi municipalities ‒ and the reindeer roundup processes in these cooperatives. Our key source data consists of archival material, such as the minutes and reports of the Reindeer Herders Association and Sattasniemi co-operative. We have also utilised regional, local and occupational newspapers and magazines from the 1920s to the 2010s. In order to reach the voices of the contemporary herder communities we conducted a Cultural Nature Survey from 22 February to 30 March 2021. In the course of the twentieth century, Mid-Lapland faced enormous environmental changes. Intensive forestry, energy production and the mining industry have physically altered the landscape and disturbed reindeer herding based on natural pasture rotation. Continuity of livelihood and way of life are worrying issues in the region. The feeling of not being heard or understood also affects communities’ nature and reindeer relationships. The more the surrounding natural and cultural environments have changed, the more the Mid-Lappish communities have tried to revitalise the ‘original’ nature-human-reindeer relationship and the nostalgic stories of dense forests, free waterways and untouched wilderness. The locals emphasise their ‘authentic’ Lappish lifestyle, at least in terms of reindeer herding. This endeavour can be regarded as cultural use of nature.

The article was prepared in cooperation between the University of Lapland and the University of Eastern Finland. It is part of the HISTECO project (2019‒2023) funded by the Academy of Finland and led by Sari Stark.
Hematological assessment of gasoline exposure among petrol filling workers in Baghdad
Authors: Sahb Ali A. A.
Published: October 2023

Background: Petrol station attendants are workers chronically exposed to petroleum derivatives primarily through inhalation of the volatile fraction of petrol during vehicle refueling.The adverse health effects of gasoline exposure may be primarily related to impairment of the haemopoietic system with bone marrow depression.Objective: The evaluation of hematopoietic changes among petrol filling workersMethods: a cross sectional survey was carried out with 292individuals, 146 petrol filling workers who spent their working hours in the stations of petrol filling in Baghdad city-group (1) and 146 individuals from people who already work in station as overseers - group (2), were investigated for the effect of gasoline polluted air which arise from inhalation or absorption of benzene through skinResult: Of examined 292individuals, 146 petrol filling workers (all of them) were found with hematopoietic changes. out of 6 potential risk factors, only one (smoking habit)found to be significantly associated with the presence of white blood cell changes(p<0.05) as compared with petrol filling workers who had no such risk factors. Of examined 146 comparison group,40( 27.37%) were found with hematopoietic changes (only white blood cell changes and haemoglobulin level) as compared with individual who had no such risk factor(smoking habit).Conclusion: Although no cases of blood disorders were detected but blood involvement in petrol stations workers is still possible and should be given full attention in medical surveillance of workers.
The association between HL. A class II and iraqi leukemic patients.
Authors: Zeiny Sarmad M. , Al-Ani Mohammed M. , Alwahed Laith Abid
Published: October 2023

Background: Leukemia isba type of cancer of the blood or bone marrow that is characterized by an abnormal increase of white blood cells.
Linguistic Inventiveness, Creativity, and Variation in Taufiq Rafat’s Poems: A Stylistic Study
Authors: Jakhrani Muhammad Haroon
Published: October 2023

The current study attempted to analyze the poetic style of Taufiq Rafat. The study focused on Rafat's poetic originality, uniqueness, and grammatical inconsistencies. The qualitative, analytical, and theoretical aspects of this research were analyzed as well. In order to properly and efficiently conduct the study, only a handful of Rafat's poems were selected for analysis and the concentration remained solely on lexical level. The investigation focused on few specific poems of Rafat including Village Girl, Classmate, A Middle-Class Drawing Room, and Once Upon a Time.  Leech and Short (1981) models were used to comprehend Rafat's style and how expertly and artistically he handles language to accomplish his objectives and expectations. For academics interested in linguistic and stylistic analysis along with language element identification in any literary text, especially Rafat's poetry, this study is crucial. The study concluded that Rafat used relatively identical stylistic elements. Although, some similarity in the basic form of the poems resulted to deviations and innovations in a few verses while reflecting distinctive and diverse, different and unique meanings along with interpretations in each of his poems.
A Case History of Gross and Radiological Observations of Agnathia: Otocephaly in a Mehraban Ewe-lamb
Authors:   Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran., Babaei Mohammad , Yavari Morteza ,   Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran., Zolhavarieh Seyed Masoud ,   Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran., Kalantari Hesari Ali ,   Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
Published: October 2023

Agnathia is one of the first pharyngeal arch deformities referred to as mandibular abnormality. This case report aimed to describe an unusual form of agnathia-otocephaly in a Mehraban ewe-lamb accompanied by other malformations. The scrutiny of the lamb’s face indicated a chain of abnormalities in the head region. Lack of mandible, lips, rima oris, oral cavity, tongue, and teeth were recognized. Eyes and ear lobes were normal, but the base of the pinnae met each other ventral to the atlantooccipital joint and formed a single external acoustic meatus there. The nostrils were normally formed, but the philtrum was not formed due to the lack of lips, especially the upper lip. The hyoid apparatus was normally developed. The laryngopharynx had no connection with the nasopharynx and dead end. Also, the nasal cavities ended blindly because of rinopharyngeal aplasia and no choanal foramen. So, the abnormal pharyngeal region caused a non-functional respiratory system followed by death.
Comparison of Azithromycin Toxicity in Chickens and Quails
Authors:   Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq., Al-Abdaly Yamama Z , Alfathi Mohammed Younis ,   Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq., Al-mahmood Saevan Saad ,   Department of Pathology and Poultry Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.
Published: October 2023

Background: The pharmacologic and toxicological response to different drugs vary according to the type and breed of the animal. Objectives: This investigation was carried out to compare the toxic effects of azithromycin on chickens and quails. Methods: The animals of each kind were divided into 3 groups; the first group served as the control and received just distilled water; the second and third groups received different doses of azithromycin (5% and 10% of the median lethal dose) over 5 days. Results: Compared to quails, the LD50 in chicks was substantially higher. Both chicks and quails treated with high doses of azithromycin showed a substantial difference in neurobehavioral and motor measures. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and glutathione decrease in chicks receiving the high dose of azithromycin, whereas, in quail, the prior impact was present in both doses. With the cholinesterase activity in quails and chicks being inhibited, a high dose of azithromycin dramatically raised the level of caspase-3 in the quail. We observed severe diffuse vacuolar degeneration in hepatocytes with infiltration of inflammatory cells in quails and chicks in the high dose and less severe effects in quail and chicks in the lower dose. In quails’ livers, tumor necrosis factor-(TNF)-α was strongly expressed at high and weakly at low doses. Still, in chickens’ livers, TNF-α expression was moderate at high and low at low doses. Conclusion: At the same percentages and dose of the LD50 in both quails and chicks, azithromycin causes severe toxic effects in quails but less toxic effects in chickens.
Gross Anatomical, Histological, and Cytological Study of the One-humped Camel (Camelus dromedarius) Lymph Nodes in Southeastern Algeria
Authors:   Laboratory of Sciences and Technics of the Livings, Institute of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences Taoura, University of Souk Ahras, Souk Ahras, Algeria., Fares Mohamed Amine , Khenenou Tarek ,   Laboratory of Animal Production, Biotechnologies and Health (PABIOS), Institute of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences Taoura, University of Souk Ahras, Souk Ahras, Algeria., Eddine Rahmoun Djallal ,   Laboratory of Animal Production, Biotechnologies and Health (PABIOS), Institute of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences Taoura, University of Souk Ahras, Souk Ahras, Algeria., Houari Hemida ,   Institute of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tiaret, Tiaret, Algeria.
Published: October 2023

Background: The immune system of the dromedary has remained a subject that has not been extensively researched in immunology. Researchers in morphology and immunology have long sought to delve into the structure and function of the dromedary’s immune system to gain a deeper understanding of its mechanisms and potential applications in human and animal health. Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the histological architecture and cellular composition of the lymph nodes in the indigenous dromedary breed of the El Oued region in Algeria and to compare the results with those of prior investigations of lymph node structures in other mammalian species. Methods: Hematoxylin, eosin stain, and Masson’s trichrome stain techniques were used for histological analysis. In contrast, methylene blue, eosin, and May-Grünwald Giemsa staining techniques were used for cytological analysis. The study data were collected and analyzed using qualitative and quantitative methods to identify the histological and cellular features of the lymph nodes. Results: Our study revealed that the lymphatic follicles in the dromedary’s lymph nodes have a higher concentration of lymphocytes within the follicles’ germinal center than other species. The lymph nodes were observed to be divided into conglomerates. The cytological study showed that the major cellular population consisted of lymphocytes, followed by macrophages and reticulocytes according to the localization and the functional zone. Conclusion: The study provided novel insights into the architecture and cellular composition of the lymph nodes of dromedaries, distinct from those of other species. These findings may have implications for the understanding and treatment of immune-related conditions in dromedaries.
Universal Method of Preventive Unloading of the Ship's Electric Power System
Authors:   Admiral S. O. Makarov GUMRF, Saushev A. V. , Shirokov N. V. ,   Admiral S. O. Makarov GUMRF
Published: October 2023

The method of preventive protection for the purposes of safe operation of the ship's electric power system in emergency situations associated with malfunctions of its elements arising during operation is considered. It is shown that existing devices form a command to unload power sources at the moment of overload, when an emergency has already occurred. At the same time, the disconnection of consumer groups occurs with a time delay. For this reason, stopping even one of the working generator sets by protection often leads to deenergization of the vessel due to overload of the remaining operational machines. A notable place in the work is given to the consideration of the method of unloading the network, in which the automatic mode is used to form a command to turn off selected electricity consumers at a time when at least one of the parallel generator sets is already inoperable, but the quality indicators of the generated electrical energy are still within acceptable limits. Within the framework of the proposed approach, the energy state of the entire ship's electric power system is predicted in the event of a decrease in its generating capacity and, if necessary, a team is formed to unload the network. The conditions under which unloading should be carried out are formulated and presented in the form of logical expressions. It is shown that the proposed approach is universal, since it does not depend on the number of generator sets operating in parallel, nor on the number of machines that have failed, nor on the type of malfunctions that have occurred. The functional diagram and description of the original device for preventive unloading of the ship's electric power system, implementing the proposed approach of preventive protection in practice, are presented.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ПЕРСПЕКТИВНОГО РОЗВИТКУ СИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ НА ШЛЯХУ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Шитікова Л.В. , Головатенко С.С. , Головатенко О.С.
Published: October 2023

Статтю присвячено актуальній проблемі ефективного розвитку системи управління підприємством в умовах постійного розвитку та удосконалення інноваційного потенціалу підприємства. З'ясовано, що реалізація планів щодо вимог якісного управління вимагає постійного пошук нових підходів, методів, технологій управління, яким є моделювання. Запропонована концептуальна модель процесу перспективного розвитку системи управління підприємством передбачає наявність наступних рівнів: індикація проблем (стану системи); розробка системи теоретично ідеального стану на основі поточної ситуації на підприємстві; розробка перспективної теоретично ідеальної системи; контроль, аналіз, оцінка рівня управління; перепроектування управлінських процесів з урахуванням специфіки цілей, вимог ринку, сучасних тенденцій розвитку і т. ін.; розробка управлінського рішення, яке націлено на стабілізацію і подальший розвиток спроектованої системи. В статті визначено, що розвиток сучасних системних досліджень, розширення експериментальних методів вивчення реальних об’єктів підштовхує до все більш активного використання абстрактних методи. Розглянуто в теорії і на практиці процес моделювання перспективного розвитку системи управління підприємством. Зазначено, що в основі концепції управління факторами розвитку системи управління підприємством лежить спрямована, закономірна зміна елементів системи, в ході якої змінюється якість, форми і способи взаємодії, коригування цілей, завдань, вдосконалення структури, технологій функціонування. З'ясовано, що для реальних систем управління необхідно подальше дослідження їх властивостей та перенесення одержаних відомостей на реальне підприємство. Доведено, що сутність запропонованої моделі полягає в визначені сфери допустимих рішень щодо розвитку системи, з’ясовано, що початку здійснюється розуміння очікуваного стану, створення образу майбутньої системи відповідно магістральним напрямкам, потім – створення моделі на основі існуючого стану. З'ясовано, що модель вдало організованої системи управління створює базові установки для оперативного управління інноваційним потенціалом, вирішує завдання виживання підприємства, сприяє його стійкості і розвитку і, навпаки, при відсутності зазначеного може сприяти появленню нових або посиленню існуючих диспропорцій в використанні ресурсів, погіршенню економічних показників господарської діяльності.
ГЛОБАЛЬНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА ВИКЛИКИ, ЩО ВИЗНАЧАЮТЬ ПОЛЯРНІСТЬ ВПЛИВУ КУЛЬТУРНИХ, КРЕАТИВНИХ ІНДУСТРІЙ НА СТАЛИЙ РОЗВИТОК ТЕРИТОРІЙ
Authors: Плуталов С.І.
Published: October 2023

Креативні індустрії мають значний потенціал для досягнення цілей сталого розвитку. Разом з тим розвиток культурних, креативних індустрій несе в собі ризики, включаючи загрози для навколишнього середовища, потенційне посилення соціальної нерівності, що негативно впливає на сталий розвиток територій і як наслідок – на досягнення цілей сталого розвитку. У дослідженні ідентифіковано основні наслідки глобальних тенденцій та викликів, що визначають полярність впливу культурних, креативних індустрій на сталий розвиток територій. Обґрунтовано, що креативні індустрії продовжують надавати стимулюючий вплив на економічний розвиток, сприяють соціальному включенню суспільства, збагачують культурну різноманітність та зміцнюють ментальне здоров'я. Зпрогнозовано вплив розвитку культурних індустрій на ЦУР.
Book Review: The Fourth Industrial Revolution, by Klaus Schwab
Authors: Effoduh Jake Okechukwu
Published: October 2023

As the Founder and Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum, Professor Klaus Schwab introduces The Forth [sic] Industrial Revolution1(4IR) to uncover the current technological revolution we live in and to explore how the world is witnessing a transformation that is inevitably affecting the way we live, interact and work. An astounding confluence of emerged (and emerging) breakthroughs that is spanning extensive areas of endeavor evidences this revolution. Some examples of the areas in which these breakthroughs have occurred include: (1) artificial intelligence (AI) robotics (such as machine learning); (2) nanotechnology; (3) biotechnology; (4) quantum computing; (5) blockchain; (6) the Internet of Things (IoT); (7) 3D-printing, etc.
Towards A Rights-Respecting Artificial Intelligence Policy for Nigeria
Authors: Effoduh Jake Okechukwu
Published: October 2023

Nigeria is set to produce its first National (AI) strategy. This strategy will activate Nigeria’s desire to transform the nation by using AI for sustainable development as well deploying the technology’s power to foster innovation, national productivity, and human welfare. Nigeria can be considered an AI champion on the African continent, being the first country in the region to institutionalize a National Centre for AI and Robotics (NCAIR); and the establishment of dedicated government institutions who are fostering a knowledge-based economy, and promoting the research and development of AI systems in Nigeria. The country also possesses a thriving pan- African AI ecosystem with several private actors, businesses and startups evidencing the use, deployment, and development of AI systems in Nigeria.
The ECOWAS Court as a (Promising) Resource for Pro-Poor Activist Forces: Sovereign Hurdles, Brainy Relays, and “Flipped Strategic Social Constructivism”
Authors: Okafor Obiora C. , Effoduh Jake Okechukwu
Published: October 2023

This chapter examines the extent to which the human rights case-law of the Community Court of Justice of the Economic Community of West African States is either pro-elite or pro-poor. Without assuming that “pro-human rights” necessarily translates to “pro-poor,” the chapter discusses how the Court functions more as a resource for local pro-poor activists than as a tool in the hands of anti-poor elements. The chapter conceptualizes expressions such as “the poor,” “sovereign hurdles,” “brainy relays,” and “flipped strategic social constructivism” to undergird its analysis. For example, the authors analyze the extent to which activists’ forces, acting as brainy relays, co-created and enhanced normative resources in a process styled in the chapter as “flipped strategic social constructivism.” The chapter also demonstrates the ways in which the court has been a valuable resource to the domestic activist forces who together with the Court have worked to advance the social conditions of the West African poor. Finally, the chapter examines the gaps that militate against such pro-poor activism.