bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crecimiento de Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit biofertilizada con hongos micorrízicos arbusculares en vivero
Authors: Aguirre-Medina Juan F. , Gálvez-López Ana L. , Ibarra-Puón José C.
Published: December 2017

Introducción: Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit es nativa de América tropical. El sistema radical de la especie se asocia a microorganismos que mejoran la nutrición y el crecimiento.  Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de recolectas de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) sobre el contenido de fósforo (P) y crecimiento de L. leucocephala en vivero.  Materiales y métodos: Las semillas se sembraron y se aplicaron seis tratamientos: Rhizophagus intraradices (Schenck & Sm.) Walker & Schüßler (1), las recolectas “Caracoles” (2), “Rosario Izapa” (3), “Té limón” (4) y “San Rafael” (5), fertilización 15N-15P-15K (6) y un testigo. Las variables morfológicas y fisiológicas, colonización radical y contenido de P se registraron a los 120 días. Los datos se sometieron a un análisis de varianza y comparación de medias (Tukey, P ≤ 0.05). Resultados y discusión: Los HMA mejoraron las características de la planta en comparación con el testigo y la fertilización. Rhizophagus intraradices causó los valores más altos de crecimiento en la parte aérea, colonización micorrízica y contenido de P, y el menor crecimiento en el sistema radical. Los aislamientos “Caracoles” y “Rosario Izapa” promovieron altura, biomasa de la raíz y contenido de P más altos que “Té limón” y “San Rafael”. Conclusión: Los HMA permiten disminuir la fertilización química sin detrimento del crecimiento de L. leucocephala.
Reservorios y dinámica de nutrientes en dos rodales bajo aprovechamiento de Pinus montezumae Lamb. en Tlaxcala, México
Authors: López-Escobar Norma F. , Gómez-Guerrero Armando , Velázquez-Martínez Alejandro , Fierros-González Aurelio M. , Castruita-Esparza Luis U. , Vera-Castillo José A. G.
Published: December 2017

Introducción: El estudio del ciclo de nutrientes es importante para proponer métodos de aprovechamiento sostenible en los bosques.  Objetivos: Evaluar los reservorios de N, P, K, Ca y Mg en árboles, mantillo y suelo mineral de dos rodales de Pinus montezumae Lamb. bajo aprovechamiento; estimar la tasa de descomposición de mantillo; y cuantificar la cantidad anual de nutrientes demandada. Materiales y métodos: El estudio se realizó en Nanacamilpa, Tlaxcala. La biomasa y masa de nutrientes en el fuste, ramas y hojas se estimaron con un muestreo destructivo de 10 árboles.  Resultados y discusión: Los datos dasométricos, reservorios y dinámica de nutrientes fueron similares en ambos rodales (t, P > 0.05). En el suelo mineral, los contenidos de N, P, K, Ca y Mg fueron 5 419, 68, 1 245, 9 163 y 2 029 kg·ha-1, respectivamente; y en la biomasa aérea fueron 242, 12, 28, 167 y 118 kg·ha-1, respectivamente. La tasa de descomposición de hojarasca fue -0.335. El arbolado requiere, para su crecimiento, 73 a 81 kg·ha-1·año-1 de N, 5.2 a 5.3 kg·ha-1·año-1 de P y 9.4 a 10 kg·ha-1·año-1 de K. Conclusión: Los nutrientes del suelo podrían mantener el crecimiento del bosque por 256 años, pero el P podría ser un limitante si las prácticas sustentables de cosecha se modifican.
Densidad máxima y diagrama de manejo de la densidad para bosques mezclados de Durango, México
Authors: Quiñonez-Barraza Gerónimo , Tamarit-Urias Juan C. , Martínez-Salvador Martín , García-Cuevas Xavier , De los Santos-Posadas Héctor M. , Santiago-García Wenceslao
Published: December 2017

Introducción: La densidad del rodal impacta en la productividad y en la estructura y funciones de los bosques. Objetivos: Comparar las líneas de densidad máxima para bosques mezclados, ajustadas con mínimos cuadrados ordinarios (MCO) y regresión frontera estocástica (RFE), y generar un diagrama de manejo de la densidad (DMD) para prescribir aclareos.  Materiales y métodos: Los datos se obtuvieron en rodales mezclados de la Unidad de Manejo Forestal 1005 “Santiago Papasquiaro y Anexos” en Durango, México. La relación funcional densidad-tamaño se estableció con el modelo de Reineke. La línea de densidad máxima se ajustó con MCO y RFE, este último con los enfoques seminormal (N-H), normal-exponencial (N-E) y normal-truncada (N-T). El DMD se construyó con la ecuación de RFE con el enfoque de distribución normal-truncada. Resultados y discusión: La línea de densidad máxima, modelada vía RFE con enfoque N-T, mostró mejor ajuste al límite superior de la densidad máxima de los datos de rodales mezclados. El DMD sugiere que los aclareos para estos rodales pueden aplicarse con intensidades de corta altas, a pesar de las prácticas convencionales, donde raramente se remueve más del 30 % del área basal o volumen.  Conclusión: La línea de densidad máxima para bosques mezclados de Durango, México, se generó objetivamente con regresión frontera estocástica, como un modelo normal-truncado.
Efficiency of Black Urea Fertilizer over White Urea
Authors: Sanchary Ishrat Jahan , Imamul Huq Shah Muhammad
Published: December 2017

To reduce the loss of nitrogen and to improve cost effectiveness as well as plant nitrogen content, a humic acid coated urea fertilizer, called Black Urea is used in the present experiment. Four sets of pot experiment was conducted here to compare the efficiency of black urea fertilizer over conventional white urea. Kalmi, a fast growing, leafy vegetable, was allowed to grow for 60 days to carry out this experiment. After harvesting, both the root and shoot growth of the plants for all four sets of experiment and the available N and P content was calculated. In addition to that plant protein content was analyzed to draw the conclusion undoubtedly. Black urea was evidenced to posses better efficiency over white urea fertilizer as far as the nutritional quality and cost of the experiment was concerned.
Preliminary Study on the Role of Ionic Calcium in Gelation and Proteolysis of UHT Milk
Authors: Mlipano Chove Lucy , Michael Lewis
Published: December 2017

A study was conducted to determine the influence of ionic calcium on gelation and proteolysis in milk. Raw milk was heated to 142 °C for 2s followed by cooling to 5 °C to make UHT milk. Two sequestering agents, Trisodium citrate (TSC) and Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) were added at 0.04 - 0.08% (w/v) to the processed UHT milk to reduce the ionic calcium levels. Proteolysis and gelation were induced by addition of trypsin (248 BAEE units), 0.03% (v/v) chymosin and 106 cfu/mL Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIMB 702085 (Ps. fl. 416) to UHT milk. Samples were stored at 25 °C for 2½ weeks to monitor gelation and Ca2+ and some were incubated at 37 °C for 2h to monitor proteolysis. SHMP reduced more Ca2+ than TSC. Ca2+ reduction was accompanied by an increase in pH, most evident with TSC at 25 °C. Gelation was not observed in samples inoculated with Ps. fl. 416 (with sequestering agents) even after 9 days of storage, suggesting the importance of calcium in gelation. Chymosin treated samples gelled on day 0, whereas other samples gelled after 4 days. Trypsin increased Ca2+ to levels higher than originally present in control UHT skim milk. Although in the current study, proteolysis was higher in samples inoculated with Pseudomonas fluorescens 416, no clear relationship was established between proteolysis and gelation in UHT milk. This observation implies that proteolytic activity is not influenced by Ca2+. However, longer time study using sodium azide to prevent bacterial contamination would be required to confirm these findings.
Effect of Depth and Distance of the Borehole from the Septic Tank on the Physico-Chemical Quality of Water
Authors: Mlipano Chove Lucy , Richard Mongi , Lawrence Chenge
Published: December 2017

A study to examine the effect of depth and distance of the boreholes from the septic tank on physico-chemical parameters of the borehole water consumed in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania was conducted. Samples were collected from 48 boreholes in Ilala, Kinondoni and Temeke districts and subjected to pH, B.O.D (Biological Oxygen Demand), total hardness, copper and lead analyses in relation to safety and quality levels set by WHO and TBS. Analysis by R-statistics indicated that pH and B.O.D significantly (p<0.05) decreased as the depth of borehole increased, whereas total hardness was significantly (p<0.05) higher in very deep boreholes than the other heights. Total hardness and pH were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by distance between septic tank and borehole and the B.O.D levels were significantly higher in the borehole water situated near the septic tank than those which were far. Based on the physico-chemical characteristics of water, 25% of the samples did not comply with WHO and TBS specification limits while 75% complied, most of which had shallow depths and were situated near the septic tank. It may thus be concluded that both the distance and the depth between septic tank and borehole influenced physico-chemical characteristics of water.
Achieving Sustainable Energy in Rural Communities in Ghana
Authors: Adom-Opare Kwabena Boafo , Inkoom Daniel Kweku Baah
Published: December 2017

The paper uses a range of sustainability-measuring indicators to define and measure sustainable energy in a rural context. The use of fuel wood and charcoal in rural areas has consequences on the environment and human health and ultimately, climate change. Fuel wood and charcoal consumption for example pose threats in through carbon emissions. Though Ghana and most African countries are not heavy carbon emitters, it is important to recognize that fuel wood and charcoal are major sources of residential and industrial energy resource. From the study, it was estimated that household and industrial/commercial fuel wood and charcoal consumption, emitted 24,171 tCO2/year and the net carbon capture was about 112billion tCO2/year. The balance between carbon emitted and capture provides an indication of more room for carbon sequestration in the area and its environs; however high growth in fuel consumption coupled with increasing forest reduction and water evaporation (refer to section 4.6.3 on data on evaporation) presents a case for concern over the years.
Sustaining Scholarly Infrastructures through Collective Action: The Lessons that Olson can Teach us
Authors: Neylon Cameron
Published: December 2017

The infrastructures that underpin scholarship and research, including repositories, curation systems, aggregators, indexes and standards, are public goods. Finding sustainability models to support them is a challenge due to free-loading, where someone who does not contribute to the support of an infrastructure nonetheless gains the benefit of it. The work of Mancur Olson (1965) suggests that there are only three ways to address this for large groups: compelling all potential users, often through some form of taxation, to support the infrastructure; providing non-collective (club) goods to contributors that are created as a side-effect of providing the collective good; or implementing mechanisms that lower the effective number of participants in the negotiation (oligopoly).In this paper, I use Olson’s framework to analyse existing scholarly infrastructures and proposals for the sustainability of new infrastructures. This approach provides some important insights. First, it illustrates that the problems of sustainability are not merely ones of finance but of political economy, which means that focusing purely on financial sustainability in the absence of considering governance principles and community is the wrong approach. The second key insight this approach yields is that the size of the community supported by an infrastructure is a critical parameter. Sustainability models will need to change over the life cycle of an infrastructure with the growth (or decline) of the community. In both cases, identifying patterns for success and creating templates for governance and sustainability could be of significant value. Overall, this analysis demonstrates a need to consider how communities, platforms, and finances interact and suggests that a political economic analysis has real value.
Stress and cortisol as predictors of fatigue in medical/surgical nurses and nurse leaders: A biobehavioral approach
Authors: Cockerham Mona , Kang Duck-Hee , Howe Robin , Weimer Susan , Boss Lisa , Kamat Sharvari R.
Published: December 2017

Objective: High acuity and long work hours are significant contributors to nurses’ stress. Studies evaluating consecutive workdays with the use of biobehavioral methods are limited in the US. The aim of this study was to assess changes in and the relationship between stress, fatigue, and cortisol.Methods: In an observational within-subject design, we studied stress, fatigue and cortisol before and after 2 consecutive 12-hour day shifts in an acute care setting. Specifically, the study was designed to: (1) assess the effect of stress on fatigue; (2) examine the effect of stress on cortisol; (3) compare the levels of stress, fatigue, and cortisol; and (4) compare the responses of stress, fatigue, and cortisol between acute care, day shift staff nurses and nurse leaders.Results: Stress, fatigue, and cortisol increased significantly from baseline to Day 2 (p = .001, .004, and .010, respectively; paired t-test). In a comparison of nurses and nurse leaders, stress and fatigue at baseline were significantly higher in acute care nurses than in nurse leaders (p ≥ .00 and .05, respectively; independent t-test). At the end of 2 consecutive shifts, cortisol was significantly higher in staff nurses than in nurse leaders (p = .001).Conclusions: Competing initiatives pressure nurse leaders to work long hours to support organizational goals, sometimes at the expense of a healthy work environment. Nurses from direct care staff to executives should be educated in and demonstrate best practices in relation to endorsements from the American Nurses Association on fatigue and interventions to lessen the risks to patient safety.
The Houston Methodist nurse residency program journey: Transitioning the new graduate nurse into a success
Authors: Senneff Jo-Anne , LaMonica-Way Carol , Walls Krendi , Barrera Jr. Gilbert , Kaur Harvinder , Kilbourn Susan
Published: December 2017

The transition of new graduate nurses (GNs) to professional practice has its challenges, thus providing an established program to facilitate this journey can lessen some of these challenges. Various approaches exist to help GNs transition into their practice environment. This article describes the Houston Methodist Nurse Residency Program (HMNRP), a successful transition program for GNs within a mutli-facility health care system. Houston Methodist (HM) moved from independent practices to a unified system approach to provide a combination of centralized and decentralized nurse residency program sessions to meet the needs of the GNs. This innovative approach has ensured the success of the program. Multiple strategies are important for an effective systematic approach. Some of these strategies include (1) identifying the ideal players, including coordinators, facilitators, stakeholders, and content experts and (2) providing the resources needed to achieve the desired results. Establishing a unified approach to ensure that outcomes are met is essential to success. Defining goals and desired outcomes will guarantee that the purpose of the program is achieved. A multi-faceted approach can be used to teach and facilitate the sessions, continuous assessment and program evaluation help to identify opportunities for improvement. Including all key stakeholders in the evaluation and future planning allows for the program to evolve to meet the outcomes and needs of all involved. Planning is a vital component to ensure a smooth transition. Program success truly lies in the planning.
Sustainability and Competitiveness of Thailand’s Natural Rubber Industry in Times of Global Economic Flux
Authors: Kampan Palapan
Published: December 2017

This study assesses economic, legal, and environmental conditions that Thai rubber farmers face, and evaluates actions they can take to increase incomes. Statistical analyses determine relationships between prices of oil, natural and synthetic rubber. Pearson correlation tests found a strong positive relationship (r = 0.887) between the price of Brent crude and Thai ribbed smoked sheets, and a moderate positive relationship between price changes in Brent and synthetic rubber (r = 0.648). Regression analysis showed Brent oil price is a good predictor of natural rubber prices. Moderate to strong positive relationships were also found between natural rubber price and gross domestic product of Japan, China, and the United States. Criminal antitrust behavior in rubber industries appeared to interfere with normal pricing in rubber markets. No significant bivariate correlation was found between rainfall in Thailand and natural rubber price, production, or export although flooding and other environmental issues clearly affected rubber farms. A survey of options showed Thai rubber farmers can improve livelihoods best through collective purchase and use of new technologies, and by integrating into downstream supply chain industries. At very least, farmers are urged to abandon monocrop methods and supplement incomes with fruit, fish, livestock, or pigs. stment budget, 2) architectural Aesthetic, and 3) utilization. Additionally, background of the interviewees is one of reinforcing factors for decision on universal design investment.
Internationalization of Colombian Firms: Competitive and Productivity as a Problem to Enter the Asian Market
Authors: Fernandez Hurtado Saul Rick , Martinez Martinez Luz Angela
Published: December 2017

The main objective of this research is to identify the influence of the productivity and competitiveness level of Colombian firms in the development of Asian market. The approach used was through descriptive and empirical analysis, with respect to measured variables, which helps the understanding of what firms require the skills of productivity. As a result of this article, a need was obtained at the corporate and governmental level, that production line should have a change to the know-how (macro), which is a necessity for international business success. The research allows to conclude aspects relevant to business activities, where the correlation of strengthening firms-government-university, is producing a negative effect, and through the psycho-entrepreneurial acquisition.
Inter-enterprise Collaborative Management for Patent Resources Based on Multi-agent
Authors: Zhi Liping , Ma Yanfei
Published: December 2017

Based on relevant literature and theoretical consideration on management for patent resources, a theory of inter-enterprise collaborative management for patent resources (ICMPR) based on multi-agent was proposed. We put forward 4 main function modules, including collaborative recommendation, collaborative analysis, collaborative application and system server management, to support ICMPR. The ICMPR can be good to solve those tough and important problems, such as patent cross licensing among enterprises, early warning analysis of patents, collaborative technology innovation and other issues. The ICMPR can provide enterprises with practical methodology, and improve the overall competitiveness of world manufacturing industry.
The Mission of Basic Education That Is Overlooked in the Border Country (Case Study of Education Special Services for Indonesian Labor Child in Sebatik Island Indonesia-Malaysia Border)
Authors: Warsono Hardi
Published: December 2017

The border region is currently still very identical to the "limitations" so almost all border regions in Indonesia have nearly the same issue namely welfare gaps to the Community border as a result of the limitations of the various issues of basic infrastructure, education, health issues to social economic problems communities are still largely dependent on neighboring countries. In the field of education is known for all education jargon that became the Foundation of the movement the fulfillment of education for all. In order to achieve the goals of national education the flattens, quality, relevant and efficient as mandated by legislation of the national education system the number 20 in 2003, where special education and special services (PK-LK) need very basic education gets special attention. A labor of Indonesia (TKI) at the boundary of the country generally citizens of the entrants in the Emergency Department and is busy with his household economic activities. The condition implies less serious handling education for their child. This problem is compounded by the limited educational facilities at the border. To address this movement of strange education boundary is required.
Effectiveness of the Microcredit Program in Enhancing Micro-Enterprise Entrepreneurs’ Income in Selangor
Authors: Tammili Fatin Najiha M. , Mohamed Zainalabidin , Terano Rika
Published: December 2017

Poverty has been one of the pressing issues in developing countries like Malaysia. Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM) was the first microcredit institution and one of the dominant players contributing to the poverty eradication in Malaysia through the provision of microcredit to the poor. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the microcredit program on poverty eradication as experienced by AIM microcredit recipients in Selangor. Systematic random sampling was conducted to sample 326 Sahabat (from this point onwards the AIM microcredit recipients will be known as Sahabat) from February to April 2016. Descriptive analysis and multiple regression were used to analyse the data distribution and relationship between the dependent variable as measured by income-investment ratio and independent variables represented by socio-demographic as well as other related variables necessary to achieve the study objective. The findings of the study show that most of Sahabat were married (95.7 percent) and have secondary educated (72.7 percent). In terms of income distribution, most Sahabat earn less than RM1,500.00. Nevertheless, all Sahabat showed positive income changes after receiving different microcredit program schemes from AIM. Multiple regression analysis have identified two variables which are the family workers and hired workers where both significantly influenced the income-investment ratio after joining the microcredit program. This study affirmed the effectiveness of the AIM program in poverty eradication among the poor. AIM also plays an important role in meeting the financial needs of Sahabat which is necessary to enhance their microenterprises.
Preparing Teachers for Diversity: A Literature Review and Implications from Community-Based Teacher Education
Authors: Yuan Huanshu
Published: December 2017

This study reviewed current issues in preparing qualified teachers for increasing diverse student populations in the U.S. and in other multicultural and multiethnic countries. Based on the framework of community-based and multicultural teacher education, this literature review paper analyzed issues and problems existed in the current curriculum, content, and practicum in traditional teacher education programs in addressing cultural knowledge and competence of preparing pre-service teachers in a multicultural society. Drawing from implications from community-based teacher education, this paper proposed several suggested strategies to reform traditional teacher education programs to meet the needs from multicultural and multiracial student populations and instructional context.
Drag Reducer Selection for Oil Pipeline Based Laboratory Experiment
Authors: Mucharam Leksono , Rahmawati Silvya , Ramadhani Rizki
Published: December 2017

Oil and gas industry is one of the most capital-intensive industry in the world. Each step of oil and gas processing starting from exploration, exploitation, up to abandonment of the field, consumes large amount of capital. Optimization in each step of process is essential to reduce expenditure. In this paper, optimization of fluid flow in pipeline during oil transportation will be observed and studied in order to increase pipeline flow performance.This paper concentrates on chemical application into pipeline therefore the chemical can increase overall pipeline throughput or decrease energy requirement for oil transportation. These chemicals are called drag reducing agent, which consist of various chemicals such as surfactants, polymers, nanofluids, fibers, etc. During the application of chemical into pipeline flow system, these chemicals are already proven to decrease pump work for constant flow rate or allow pipeline to transport more oil for same amount of pump work. The first application of drag reducer in large scale oil transportation was in Trans Alaskan Pipeline System which cancel the need to build several pump stations because of the successful application. Since then, more company worldwide started to apply drag reducer to their pipeline system.Several tedious testings on laboratory should be done to examine the effect of drag reducer to crude oil that will be the subject of application. In this paper, one of the testing method is studied and experimented to select the most effective DRA from several proposed additives. For given pipeline system and crude oil type, the most optimum DRA is DRA A for pipeline section S-R and for section R-P is DRA B. Different type of oil and pipeline geometry will require different chemical drag reducer.
CO2 and Methane Separation Using Finger-Type Slug Catcher at Seabed
Authors: Mucharam Leksono , Rahmawati Silvya , Budiono Ery
Published: December 2017

Gas production with a very high CO2 content requires special treatment to separate the methane from CO2. The separation also requires high capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operational expenditure (OPEX).The challenge is higher, when the gas is being produced on offshore, and only narrow space that available on the platform for separation process. One proposed method to do the separation is by shifting the CO2 phase in the phase diagram from the gas phase to the liquid phase. This shiftting requires certain pressures and temperatures that meet the temperature and pressure boundary to become liquid.This study performs a simulation to determine the pressure and temperature constraints required to convert CO2 from the gas phase into the liquid phase. This study uses a finger-type slug catcher mounted on the seabed. The finger-type slug catcher consists of parallel pipes of a certain diameter and length. Furthermore, the simulation is done by variations of several variables, such as: inlet pressure, ambient temperature, inner pipe diameter, and number of branches. The aim of the research is to design a slug catcher model so that the separation of methane and CO2 gas can occur optimally. The slug catcher design resulting from this study includes the value of the inlet pressure, diameter, and minimumlength of the pipe where CO2 begin to form liquid.The simulation was done by 320 kinds of combination for the range of inlet pressure value from 800 to 1500 psia, the range of pipe inner diameter is 40 - 50 inch, the range of ambient temperature is 50 - 80oF, and the range of 1 to 5 number of branches. Based on the simulation, when the inlet rate of 200 MMSCFD, the inlet temperature of 100oF and the overall heat transfer coefficient of 200 BTU/ hr / ft2 / oF, it is obtained the shortest length of slug catcher is 72.18 ft, 40-inch inner diameter, and the inlet pressure requirement is 1000 psia. Furthermore, for design purposes, the slug catcher length is made 217 ft to ensure that the liquid CO2 formed at 72.18 ft from the inlet and the liquid can accumulate and keep flowing towards the end of the pipeline for further utilization.
Large Deflection of Prismatic Cantilever Beam Exposed to Combination of End Inclined Force and Tip Moment
Authors: Abu-Alshaikh Ibrahim , Alkhaldi Hashem S. , Beithou Nabil
Published: December 2017

The large deflection of a prismatic Euler-Bernoulli cantilever beam under a combination of end-concentrated coplanar inclined force and tip-concentrated moment is investigated. The angle of inclination of the applied force with respect to the horizontal axis remains unchanged during deformation. The cantilever beam is assumed to be naturally straight, slender, inextensible and elastic. The large deflection of the cantilever beam induces geometrical nonlinearity; hence, the nonlinear theory of bending and the exact expression of curvature are used. Based on an elliptic integral formulation, an accurate numerical solution is obtained in terms of an integration constant that should satisfy the boundary conditions associated with the cantilever beam. For some special cases this integration constant is exactly found, which leads to closed form solution. The numerical solution obtained is quite simple, accurate and involves less computational time compared with other techniques available in literature. The details of elastica and its corresponding orientation curves are presented and analyzed for extremely large load combinations. A comparative study with pre-obtained results has been made to verify the accuracy of the presented solution; an excellent agreement has been obtained.
A PENA PRIVATIVA DE LIBERDADE E SEU DELINEAMENTO LEGAL NACIONAL E INTERNACIONAL: DESCOMPASSO COM A REALIDADE OPERATIVA DO SISTEMA CARCERÁRIO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Wermuth Maiquel Ângelo Dezordi , Assis Luana Rambo
Published: December 2017

O presente artigo tem por objetivo retratar a realidade do sistema prisional brasileiro, por meio de um mapeamento bibliográfico, tendo como fonte de pesquisa dados coletados no interior dos diversos presídios do país. Primeiramente, busca-se demonstrar que o sistema prisional não carece de legislações, pois tanto no âmbito nacional quanto internacional, o arcabouço legislativo reconhece que a situação de privação de liberdade, não destitui os sujeitos do caráter de cidadãos detentores de direitos e deveres de cidadania. Já em um segundo momento, a reflexão volta-se mais precisamente para a análise acerca da incongruência entre a teoria (dimensão programadora nacional e internacional), e a prática (realidade operacional), vislumbrando que, por mais que o sistema prisional brasileiro esteja protegido em termos de garantia dos direitos humanos, a realidade cotidiana das prisões nacionais comprova a premissa de que estas são verdadeiras fábricas de exclusão e violação de direitos.
DIREITO E FILOSOFIA: É POSSÍVEL CONSTRUIR UMA TEORIA JURÍDICA COERENTE SEM A REFLEXÃO FILOSÓFICA?
Authors: Castro Melo Rafael Veras , Marcílio Pompeu Gina Vidal
Published: December 2017

Por meio desse artigo, aborda-se a relação entre direito e filosofia, notadamente na perspectiva da possibilidade da existência de uma teoria jurídica coerente sem a reflexão filosófica. Enfatiza-se os pensamentos da filosofia do positivismo, do liberalismo contemporâneo de Ronald Dworkin e da tradição clássica. Constitui-se como pesquisa qualitativa, bibliográfica e teórica. Para tanto, parte-se da análise de Hans Kelsen da cientificidade do Direito, com seus conceitos, a fim de introduz a defesa do autor de teoria jurídica positivista, com críticas ao jusnaturalismo. Empós, estuda-se o pensamento do liberalismo de Ronald Dworkin, para o qual o Direito não pode fazer distinção entre valores, com respeito a todas as valorações com a mesma consideração e respeito. Por fim, aborda o pensamento da tradição clássica, para quem a busca da virtude deve ser o principal eixo norteador da reflexão filosófica. Ao final, avalia-se, através dos autores supracitados e do confronto dialético das tradições filosóficas, se é possível a edificação de uma teoria jurídica coerente sem a reflexão filosófica.
IGUALDADE E NÃO DISCRIMINAÇÃO: UM DEBATE SOBRE AS AÇÕES AFIRMATIVAS PARA A GARANTIA DE DIREITOS DOS HOMOSSEXUAIS NA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA
Authors: Lima Fernanda Da Silva , Benincá Alexsandra Pizzetti
Published: December 2017

A teoria dos direitos humanos e fundamentais tem como fundamento assegurar o direito de todas as pessoas à sua plena dignidade e que todos sejam tratados de forma indistinta, independentemente de condição social, nacionalidade, gênero, raça, condição sexual, credo, ou qualquer outra condição capaz de diferenciar. O avanço legislativo no que concerne a garantia de direitos humanos e fundamentais no plano formal aos homossexuais, conforme o objetivo geral deste trabalho procura demonstrar, não é suficiente para a plena garantia de direitos a estes sujeitos, bem como, não impede que sejam alvos de várias formas de discriminação, sobretudo aquelas que afetam a sua dignidade sexual. Em termos metodológicos, esta pesquisa deve ser classificada como qualitativa e descritiva com utilização de técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES PREVIDENCIÁRIAS ORIUNDAS DO CONTRATO DE TRABALHO COMO DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL: TEORIA DO DIÁLOGO DAS FONTES COMO INSTRUMENTO PARA SUA EFETIVAÇÃO
Authors: Bebiano Fernando Nogueira , Morais Océlio De Jesus Carneiro
Published: December 2017

Há uma dicotomia entre o direito do trabalho e o previdenciário provocado por uma interpretação literal do parágrafo 3º, artigo 55 da Lei nº 8.213/91 realizada pelo INSS que não aceita de forma automática os efeitos das decisões trabalhistas para fins previdenciários. Criando, desta forma, um antagonismo entre os subsistemas de justiça especializada que tem potencial de gerar lacuna no ordenamento jurídico, obstaculizando o trabalhador segurado o exercício de seu direito fundamental à previdência social. Essa pesquisa foi desenvolvida a luz de uma abordagem analítica afim de identificar as lacunas provocadas por esse antagonismo normativo, e para promover a heterointegração dos subsistemas, foi proposta a teoria do Diálogo das fontes, sendo esta a relevância social desta pesquisa.
Cometário Editorial
Authors: Lemos Jorge André Guilherme , Da Silva Guilherme Amorim , Cunha Alexandre Luna da
Published: December 2017

.
DIREITO AO ESQUECIMENTO NA INTERNET: OS PROJETOS DE LEI NºS 7881/2014 E 215/2015 ENQUANTO RESTRIÇÃO (I) LEGÍTIMA À LIBERDADE DE EXPRESSÃO
Authors: Rocha Lima Guimarães Luzélia Falcão , Dias Eduardo Rocha
Published: December 2017

Este artigo buscou examinar se os Projetos de Lei nºs 7881/2014 e 215/2015 veiculam restrições ilegítimas à liberdade de expressão, analisando se o exercício do direito ao esquecimento implica em censura. Foram apresentadas as bases materiais do direito ao esquecimento e da liberdade de expressão na internet, identificando-se um modelo teórico capaz de indicar de forma adequada as restrições à liberdade de expressão quando em colisão com outros direitos fundamentais. Concluiu-se que as leis que venham a ser editadas em razão de eventual aprovação dos Projetos de Leis nº 7881/2014 e 215/2015 padecerão de inconstitucionalidade, visto que estabelecerão restrições indevidas à liberdade de expressão.
PROGRESSIVIDADE DO IMPOSTO DE RENDA DA PESSOA FÍSICA NO BRASIL: REALIDADE OU MITO?
Authors: Canuto Coelho André Felipe , Borba Bruna Estima
Published: December 2017

O corrente artigo tem por objetivo demonstrar o baixo grau de concretização dos princípios da isonomia tributária e da capacidade econômica do imposto de renda da pessoa física (IRPF) no Brasil sob a ótica da progressividade. Utilizando metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa e método indutivo, parte-se do estudo do significado e da efetividade da progressividade do IRPF, associando-a aos princípios da isonomia e da capacidade econômica.  Conclui-se que há reduzido grau de progressividade na incidência do IRPF, em razão de tratamento favorecido e não progressivo dispensado aos rendimentos de capital em detrimento dos rendimentos do trabalho. Dados históricos demonstram ainda a mitigação deste atributo em razão da redução da quantidade de faixas e da diferença entre os limites máximo e mínimo das alíquotas.
AS EMPRESAS TRANSNACIONAIS E A ELISÃO COMBINADA DOS SISTEMAS JURÍDICOS NACIONAIS: OS ESTADOS COMO MERAS PEÇAS DO JOGO GLOBAL?
Authors: Tumelero Naína Ariana Souza , Olsson Giovanni
Published: December 2017

O artigo analisa a elisão dos sistemas jurídicos nacionais causada pelas empresas transnacionais no sistema internacional globalizado. Contextualiza a formação da sociedade moderna, uma sociedade “entre Estados”, passando à análise do fenômeno da globalização na formação da sociedade internacional enquanto uma sociedade “entre atores”. Além disso, analisa as empresas transnacionais como atores desta nova sociedade e seu protagonismo na elisão combinada de sistemas jurídicos. As empresas transnacionais, enquanto poderosos atores da sociedade internacional, ao obedecerem à sua racionalidade puramente econômica na busca de maiores lucros e menores custos tributários, ambientais e sociais, utilizam-se sistematicamente das incongruências dos sistemas jurídicos nacionais nas suas atividades econômicas.
Nasal resistance asymmetry as a predictor of satisfaction following nasal airway obstruction surgeries
Authors: Prus Monika , Wysocki Jarosław , Krasny Marta , Niemczyk Kazimierz
Published: December 2017

Patients’ subjective assessment of nasal patency often does not correspond to the objective results of functional and imaging
examinations. The objective of this study was to identify the rhinometry (AR) and rhinomanometry (RMM) parameters that
were best correlated to patients’ self-evaluation of nasal patency before and after nasal airway obstruction surgery. The study
material consisted of RMM and AR results as well as SNOT-20 self-evaluation questionnaires completed by 233 patients presenting
with rhinological problems and routinely diagnosed at the RMM Lab of the Department and Clinic of Otolaryngology
of the Medical University of Warsaw. Data were collected from 70 females (31.4%) aged 18 through 81 years and 153 males
(68.6%) aged 16 through 81 years. The results were subjected to statistical analysis by a licensed statistician using the Statistica
10 software package. A statistically significant relationship was demonstrated between the subjective perception of nasal patency
and RMM results. The higher the asymmetry of air flow within the left and the right nasal cavity, the higher the perceived
restriction of nasal patency. Significant differences were observed between patients reporting maximum discomfort regarding
impaired nasal patency and the remaining patients: the former were characterized by nasal resistance values being several-fold
higher than that observed in the latter while nearly always improving after nasal airway obstruction surgeries. No significant
reflection of patients’ self-evaluation of nasal patency was found in the acoustic rhinometry measurements.
Screening tests for dysphagia
Authors: Jamróz Barbara , Pabian Maria , Chmielewska Joanna , Milewska Magdalena , Niemczyk Kazimierz
Published: December 2017

Many patients treated at hospital have difficulty with swallowing, which poses an interdisciplinary problem. We describe basic screening tests for dysphagia, which can be carried out by physicians, speech therapists, and nurses, and show how to use these tests.
Adaptive therapy in the rehabilitation of swallowing disorders
Authors: Jamróz Barbara , Szałańska Marta , Chmielewska Joanna , Milewska Magdalena , Przekop Zuzanna , Niemczyk Kazimierz
Published: December 2017

Dysphagia is an interdisciplinary problem. Doctors of different specialties (phoniatrician, ENT, gastrologist, neurologist), speech language therapists, physiotherapists and dieticians should be involved in the therapy of patients. The task of the first group is instrumental evaluation of swallowing, defining the safe consistency of fluids and foods, showing effective therapeutic maneuvers (restitutive and compensatory maneuvers), and finally - adapting the optimal diet to patient's eating ability (adaptive methods). The purpose of the study is to present a modification of the consistency of fluids and foods according to the recommendations of the International Dietary Standardization Initiative (IDDSI). The work shows the basic consistencies and tests that allow for them to be checked.
“El hombrecillo jorobado" Distorsiones del cuerpo y del espacio en el universo jurídico kafkiano | “The Little Hunchback" Distortions of Body and Space in Kafka's Legal Universe
Authors: Fersini Maria Pina
Published: December 2017

Resumen: En la obra de Kafka no hay figura más frecuente que la de un hombre doblado sobre si mismo, bajo el peso de fuerzas primitivas, al que Benjamín define el arquetipo de la deformidad. Partiendo de esta sugerente imagen benjaminiana y analizando el progresivo encorvamiento de las formas que afecta no sólo los protagonistas de la ficción kafkiana, sino también sus ambientes, este trabajo quiere ofrecer un lectura en clave estético-juridica de El proceso, la cual demuestre como detrás de la geometría curvilínea que estructura la novela se esconda una genealogía del derecho moderno distinta de aquella visible en el discurso jurídico oficial.

Abstract: In Kafka's work there is no figure more frequent than that of a man bent over himself, under the weight of primitive forces, which Benjamin defines the archetype of deformity. Starting from this suggestive Benjamin's image and analyzing the progressive bending of forms that affects not only the protagonists of Kafkaesque fiction but also their environments, this essay wants to offer an aesthetic-juridical reading of The Trial, which proves as the curvilinear geometry that structures the novel conceals a genealogy of modern law distinct from that visible in official legal discourse.
Variant analysis of RNA sequences in severe equine asthma
Authors: Tessier Laurence , Côté Olivier , Bienzle Dorothee
Published: December 2017

Background. Severe equine asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lung in horses similar to low-Th2 late-onset asthma in humans. The disease in horses has complex inheritance including both dominant and recessive patterns that are ill defined. This study aimed to determine the utility of RNA-Seq to call gene variants and identify mutations potentially linked to disease. Methods. RNA-Seq data were generated from endobronchial biopsies collected from 6 asthmatic and 7 non-asthmatic horses before and after challenge (26 samples total). Sequences were aligned to the equine genome with Spliced Transcripts Alignment to Reference software. Read preparation for variant calling was performed with Picard tools and Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK). Coverage was visualized using Integrative Genomic Viewer software and variants were called and filtered using GATK and Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor (VEP) tools. Novel variant selection by VEP was based on score of <0.01 predicted with Sorting Intolerant From Tolerant (SIFT) software, missense nature, location within the protein coding sequence and presence in all asthmatic individuals. For selected mutations, the effect of predicted variants on protein function was assessed with Polymorphism Phenotyping (PolyPhen) 2 and Screening for Non-Acceptable Polymorphism (SNAP) 2 softwares. RNA-Seq predicted variants were confirmed in all horses, and investigated in an additional 4 asthmatic and 7 non-asthmatic individuals with PCR and Sanger sequencing. Gene alignment and 3D protein structures were predicted with Geneious software. Results. Level of expression across the genome was similar in all individuals. RNA-Seq variant calling and filtering identified with highest confidence mutations in PACRG and RTTN. Sanger sequencing confirmed that the PACRG variant was appropriately identified in all 26 samples while the RTTN variant was identified correctly by RNA-Seq in 24 of 26 samples. SIFT and PolyPhen2 indicated both mutations would result in loss of function, and SNAP2 that they would be non-neutral. Amino acid substitutions projected no change of hydrophobicity and isoelectric point in PACRG, a change in both for RTTN; and a slight change in 3D structure for PACRG and RTTN. For PACRG, samples from additional individuals confirmed higher frequency of the heterozygous genotype in asthmatics, while the RTTN homozygous mutant phenotype was more prevalent in the asthmatic compared to non-asthmatic group. Discussion. RNA-Seq was sensitive and specific for calling gene variants in this disease model. Even moderate coverage (<10-20 cpm) yielded correct identification in 92% of samples, suggesting RNA-Seq may be suitable to detect variants in low coverage samples. The impact of amino acid alterations in PACRG and RTTN proteins are unknown at this point, but their role in structure and function of cilia may warrant further investigation.
Distribution of Acetothermia-dominated microbial communities in alkaline hot springs of Baikal Rift Zone.
Authors: Zaitseva Svetlana V. , Lavrentieva Elena V. , Radnagurueva Aryuna A. , Baturina Olga A. , Kabilov Marsel R. , Barkhutova Darima D.
Published: December 2017

Alkaline hot springs are unique extreme habitats resemble the early Earth and present a valuable resource for the discovery of procaryotic community diversity and isolation of the novel thermophilic Bacteria and Archaea. One of the model for the possible origin of biochemistry in alkaline hot springs revealed the acetyl-CoA pathway of CO2 fixation might be the most ancient form of carbon metabolism. Recent phylogenetic studies have suggested that the phylum Acetothermia is one of the deep branches of the Bacteria domain. Firstly Acetothermia (Candidate division OP1) was characterized in a culture independent molecular phylogenetic survey based on the 16S rRNA gene of the sulfide-rich hot spring, Obsidian Pool, a 75 to 95oC hot spring. Two nearly complete genomes of Acetothermia were established based on genome-resolved metagenomic analysis and its capability of implementing acetogenesis through the ancient reductive acetyl-CoA pathway by utilizing CO2 and H2 was revealed. Although genomic, proteomic and metagenomic approaches investigate basic metabolism and potentional energy conservation of uncultivated candidate phyla but ecological roles of these bacteria and general patterns of diversity and community structure stay unclear. General hydrochemical and geological characterization of alkaline thermal springs of the Baikal Rift zone with high silica concentrations and a nitrogen dominated gas phase is provided. Previous microbiogical studies based on culture-dependent methods recovered a large number of bacterial strains from thermal springs located in Baikal Rift zone. We combined microbial communities analysis by using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing, biogeochemical measurements, sediment mineralogy and physicochemical characteristics to investigate ecosystems of alkaline hot springs located in the Baikal Rift zone. Uncultivated bacteria belonging to the phylum Acetothermia, along with members of the phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, were identified as the dominant group in hydrothermal sediments communities in the alkaline hot springs of Baikal Rift zone. In bottom sediments of the Alla hot spring, about 57% of all classified sequences represent this phylum. Geochemistry of fluids and sample type were strongly correlated with microbial community composition. The Acetothermia exhibited the highest relative abundance in sediment microbial community associated with alkaline thermal fluids enriched in Fe, Zn, Ni, Al and Cr.