bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quasi-Homogeneous Black Hole Thermodynamics in Non-Commutative Geometry
Authors: Quevedo Hernando , Quevedo María N.
Published: February 2025

We study the thermodynamic properties of a black hole that takes into account the effects of non-commutative geometry. To emphasize the role of new effects, we have chosen a specific modified Schwarzschild black hole inspired by non-commutative geometry. We show that, in order to apply the laws of quasi-homogeneous thermodynamics using the formalism of geometrothermodynamics, it is necessary to consider the non-commutative parameter as an independent thermodynamic variable. As a result, the properties of the black hole change drastically, leading to phase transitions that are directly related to the value of the non-commutative parameter. We also prove that an unstable commutative black hole can become stable in non-commutative geometry for particular values of the non-commutative parameter.
Environmentally Friendly Sampling and Observation System for Exploration of Antarctic Subglacial Lakes
Authors: Deng Zhipeng , Sun Youhong , Fan Xiaopeng , Talalay Pavel , Li Bing , Wang Ting , Li Yazhou , Yu Haibin , Wang Dongliang , Xu Jing , Xu Liping , An Chunlei , Peng Shilin , Zhang Nan , Chang Zhiyong , Chen Yanji , Liu Yunchen , Yang Xiao , Wang Yu , Wei Xianzhe , Wang Rusheng , Wang Zhigang , Ni Xiaokang , Wu Wei , Gong Da
Published: February 2025

The sampling and observation of subglacial lakes play a vital role in studying the physical and chemical properties as well as the microbial characteristics of water within these Antarctic subglacial lakes. Compared to existing techniques, such as deep ice core drilling and clean hot water drilling, recoverable autonomous sondes, inspired by the spinning and reeling silk behavior of spiders, offer several advantages, including lightweight design, low power consumption, and minimal external pollution. Over the past six years, Jilin University, with support from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, has developed an environmentally friendly sampling and observation system for Antarctic subglacial lakes, utilizing a recoverable autonomous sonde. The whole system includes a melting sonde, detection and control unit, scientific load platform, and ice surface auxiliaries. Extensive laboratory and joint system tests were conducted, both on key components and the complete system, including field tests in ice lakes. The results of these tests validated the feasibility of the underlying principles, the long-term reliability of the system operation, and the cleanliness of the drilling process. Ice penetration speed up to 2.14 m/h was reached with 6~6.5 kW melting tip power and a 660 mL lake water sample was collected. The relevant design concepts and technologies of the system are expected to play an important role in the clean detection and sampling of subglacial lakes in Antarctica, Greenland, and other regions.
Assessment of the nutrient composition of crackers enriched with dietary fiber
Authors:   FSBEI HE Voronezh State Agrarian University, Voronezh, Derkanosova N.M. , Korneva E.S. ,   FSBEI HE Voronezh State Agrarian University, Voronezh, Shelamova S.A. ,   FSBEI HE Voronezh State Agrarian University, Voronezh
Published: February 2025

One way to adjust the composition of food products is to utilize new/non-traditional raw ingredients.
These include yacon. Dried and crushed yacon tubers were introduced into the cracker recipe mixture
at a ratio of premium wheat fl our and powdered semi-fi nished yacon product in mass fractions of 62:8
(per load). The results of a study of the composition and comparison with the norms of physiological
needs for nutrients have shown that crackers with yacon can be identified as a functional product
based on dietary fi ber, macronutrients — phosphorus, and micronutrients — manganese and copper.
Development and validation of a method for quantitative determination of dosage oral spray Sanguirithrin by UV spectrophotometry
Authors:   Institute of Pharmacy named after A.P. Nelyubin, Dorokhina Y.A. ,   FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Anurova M.N. ,   Institute of Pharmacy named after A.P. Nelyubin; FSAEI HE I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University), Mizina P.G. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (FSBSI VILAR)
Published: February 2025

As part of the “Strategy for the Control of Antimicrobial Therapy
in Russia”, a dosed oral spray with a herbal component of domestic origin,
Sanguirithrin, was developed at the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology.
A key aspect of drug quality control is the quantitative determination of the active substance in the spray. For this purpose, a method for the spectrophotometric determination of Sanguirithrin in the UV spectrum was created and validated.
The tested spray sample included Sanguirithrin, glycerin, PEG-400, poloxamer
407, and hydroxyethyl cellulose. Quantitative determination was carried
out using a spectrophotometer, validating the method in accordance with a standard sample. Statistical processing of the results was carried out according to the established requirements. Optical density was measured by the spectrophotometer at 321 nm. The method has been validated for specificity,
linearity, and precision. Specificity was confirmed by the coincidence of maxima
(321 ± 2,0 nm) for the samples and the absence of the solvent influence.
Linearity was assessed using 10 standard samples with concentrations of 2-20 mg/ml (10-125% of 20 mg/ml).
Social work as a specific professional activity
Authors:   Department of social work and law, FSBEI HE «St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design», Titkova M. V.
Published: February 2025

Social work is considered as an effective tool for solving personal and social problems of a person. The essential content of social work is analyzed, the key tasks and targets of social work as a professional activity are identified. The article highlights the main technologies used in modern social work, in particular, technologies of individual, group and community social work.
Social protection of elderly citizens: social security resources provision
Authors:   Depar tment of Social Work and Psychological and Pedagogical Education, FSBEI HE Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Sadovina D. E. , Ispulova S. N. ,   Depar tment of Social Work and Psychological and Pedagogical Education, FSBEI HE Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University
Published: February 2025

At any stage of economic development, one of the main tasks for each state is to ensure the availability and sustainability of social security systems. A special place in the implementation of social policy is occupied by pension provision, the functioning of which reflects the level of economic development and at the same time affects the macroeconomic situation of the country. In Russia, multiple
reforms of the pension system are aimed at achieving the main objectives of
pension provision: financial security of the pension system in the long term and an acceptable level of pension provision. This article is devoted to the analysis of the features of the social security system for elderly citizens.
New technologies for hiring and retaining employees
Authors:   Personal Recruiter company Russia, Moscow, Bratkin A.I.
Published: February 2025

The article discusses modern technologies in the fi eld of hiring and retaining
employees, which can signifi cantly improve the effi ciency of HR management processes.
Particular attention is paid to current business problems: high staff turnover, low hiring
effi ciency and employee adaptation problems. Specifi c solutions are proposed based on the
use of HR analytics, artifi cial intelligence and process automation. These technologies help
not only to solve the problem of staff shortages, but also to retain key employees, creating a
more fl exible and adaptive HR management system.
Improving the occupational health and safety system: trends, challenges and prospects
Authors:   Medmap Group of Companies, Russia, Moscow, Mann Yu.A.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the issues of improving the labor protection and
industrial safety system in the context of legislative changes in 2024–2025. The causes
of industrial injuries, the importance of developing a labor protection culture as a
management element, and the introduction of innovative technologies are considered.
Particular attention is paid to the risk-oriented approach and ways to improve the efficiency of labor protection and industrial safety services at transport facilities and critical infrastructure.
Breeding of cattle with using of marker genes
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Russia, Moscow, Kostomakhin N. M. , Volkova E. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University, Russia, Tyumen, Yarmots G. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University, Russia, Tyumen
Published: February 2025

Currently, a promising direction in cattle breeding is breeding with using of marker genes,
which allows us to identify animals with potentially necessary traits for breeding, in order to increase milk
or meat productivity. Marker selection is rightfully considered one of the leading directions in breeding,
allowing us to identify genes in the genome that are responsible for benefi cial properties for animals.
Many authors have studied the possibility of using genome data that confi rm the undeniable advantages
of marker selection over other types. For example, selection based on the external characteristics of
animals is popular. However, selection using external characteristics does not provide a high guarantee
of obtaining off spring with the necessary characteristics, while when using marker selection, this percentage increases significantly. The primary advantage that is paid attention to when choosing this type of selection is a significant reduction in the time for evaluating the off spring, which allows us to spend less time to achieve the desired result. The purpose of the work was to consider the advantages of using
marker genes in cattle breeding and describe the method for carrying out this procedure. The main points
related to marker selection are considered. Due to the existing research and compiled gene databases, it
is possible to select animals with the most advantageous gene combinations, which will allow to increase
the necessary production in the future. At the same time, it is impossible to conduct such research without
the necessary equipment. The analyses carried out are quite expensive, but they quickly pay off if the
selection work is carried out correctly. Therefore, it can be said that marker selection will become more and more popular in the future.
The Threat of a Perfect Storm and its Expected Consequences for the Global and National Economy
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Higher School of Cultural Policy and Management in the Humanitarian Sphere, Moscow State University of Education, Moscow, Tebekin A. V.
Published: February 2025

In recent years, the global market has been increasingly alarmed by signals of an impending global fi nancial
crisis, on the one hand. On the other hand, many researchers consider this concern to be unfounded, since the last fi nancial
crisis occurred relatively recently — in 2020, and, therefore, the time of the next fi nancial crisis has not yet arrived. These
contradictions, taking into account the scale of the probable consequences of the global fi nancial crisis if it occurs in the
near future, predetermined the choice of the research topic, which seems extremely relevant. The purpose of the presented
studies is an in-depth analysis of the emergence of a global economic crisis of a fi nancial nature in the near future and its
expected consequences for the global and national economies. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the proof that due to the multiplicity of time intervals of small cycles of economic activity of K. Zhuglyar (about 10 years) and large cycles of N. Kondratiev (about 50 years), and also taking into account that the crisis phase in the cycles of N. Kondratiev,
according to the fi ve-phase model, is also about 10 years, refl ecting the regularity that every fi fth fi nancial crisis, realized within the framework of the cycles of economic activity of K. Zhuglyar, falls on a technological crisis arising within the framework of N. Kondratiev cycles, the expected world economic crisis of a financial nature should be considered as part of a crisis of a technological nature, caused by the replacement of the fifth technological structure by the sixth, by analogy with the U-shaped recession in the USA and the Secondary banking crisis in Great Britain in 1973–1975, within the framework
of a technological crisis of the replacement of the fourth technological structure by the fi fth, and the stock market crash 1929, which marked the beginning of the Great Depression within the framework of the technological crisis, characterizing
the replacement of the third technological order by the fourth. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the possibility of their use in developing measures aimed at localizing the expected global economic crisis of a fi nancial nature on the national economy.
Hybrid War against Russia as a Pattern of Development of Secular Cycles of Hegemony and Its Tooling Backup (рart 1)
Authors:   Branch of Lomonosov Moscow State University in Sevastopol, Sevastopol, Kapkanshchikov S. G.
Published: February 2025

The article is aimed at revealing the close connection between the aggressive policy of the United States and its NATO allies towards Russia and the patterns of development of Arrighi’s hegemonic cycles with the beginning of the shift of the world economic structure from the American to the Asian one led by China. The author reveals the increasingly manifested
clear strategic defects of the economic system of the United States in comparison with the rapidly progressing, although far from devoid of weaknesses, economic system of the PRC. It is forecasted that the current return of D. Trump to the political "Olympus" will no longer allow his administration to prevent the formation of a science-driven and high-tech economics in China, the carrying out neo-industrialization in the United States through an explosive increase in customs tariff s and the maintaining
of the absolute domination of the dollar in international accounts, which naturally plunges the world economy into the "age of
disorder". At the same time, it is noted that American fi nancial and military power will persist for a fairly long period in the form
of "domination without hegemony", dooming humanity to politico-military instability. The falling of the US into the well-known "Thucydides trap" is associated with the growing threat of intensification of military activities against China and its main ally, the Russian Federation.
Environmental cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative bacteria: what is lurking beyond the hospital doors?
Authors: Yusuf Yasna , Awoyomi Olubosede , Bradbury Alison , Wang Yongsheng , Episcopia Briana , Abdallah Marie , Quale John
Published: February 2025

Antibiotic resistant Gram-negative bacilli are being increasingly recognized in community-onset infections. Concerns have been raised regarding environmental surfaces as reservoirs for multidrug-resistant pathogens; in particular, community wastewater samples have been found to harbor cephalosporin- and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales. In this report, we used selective media to culture cephalosporin-resistant Gram-negative bacilli from high-touch surfaces in the environment surrounding hospitals in New York City. Of the 336 surfaces swabbed, 66 grew cephalosporin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. No Enterobacterales were isolated. The most common isolate was Brucella (Ochrobactrum) spp., accounting for 26 of the 66 positive cultures; 19 originated from surfaces near two hospitals. One isolate of Brucella (Ochrobactrum) spp. was found to possess blaOXA-24. Acinetobacter spp. accounted for 12 of the 66 positive cultures. Forty cultures obtained with saline-saturated gauze were obtained at public transportation centers near hospitals; a comparable 40 cultures were obtained at transportation centers distant from hospitals. Of the 38 positive cultures from transportation surfaces near medical centers, 15 grew Brucella (Ochrobactrum) spp. In comparison, Brucella (Ochrobactrum) spp. accounted for only five of the 33 positive transportation cultures distant from medical centers (P = 0.03). Again, none of the cultures grew Enterobacterales. It is reassuring that dried environmental surfaces around hospitals did not contain resistant Enterobacterales. However, Brucella (Ochrobactrum) spp. was widespread and territorial and may be a reservoir for OXA-type carbapenemases.
Transforming paramedic training with virtual reality
Authors: Purse Jeffrey , Davis Kimberley , Patel Hemal
Published: February 2025

Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) training in enhancing paramedics' preparedness and response skills in mass casualty incidents (MCIs).
Design
This was an observational study of registered paramedics and intensive care paramedic students from NSW Ambulance. Participants completed a 30-minute VR training session simulating a car crash MCI scenario, plus pre- and post-intervention surveys measuring gaming literacy, prior simulation experience and perceived improvements in MCI skills.
Findings
Results indicated significant improvements in paramedics' MCI response self-efficacy. Prior to VR training, only 30.0% felt confident in managing an MCI. Post-training, over 90% reported improved skills in triage and patient management, as well as improvement in self-identified areas of weakness. Participants found the VR technology easy to use and highly immersive, with all respondents indicating the scenario mimicked real-world conditions and was transferable to their workplace.
Research implications
This study highlights the need for standardised protocols and comprehensive performance metrics in VR training to ensure consistent outcomes across different settings. Future research should focus on long-term skill retention and objective performance data (e.g., heat mapping, time tracking) to validate VR training effectiveness.
Practical implications
The findings support integrating VR training into paramedic education to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application in MCI scenarios. Tailoring VR modules to address individual gaming literacy can enhance user engagement and training effectiveness.
Value
This study contributes to the growing body of literature on VR in emergency medical training by demonstrating its potential to significantly improve paramedic readiness and performance in MCIs. The use of VR provides a realistic, repeatable, and immersive training environment that traditional methods lack.
Limitations
Limitations include a small sample size, lack of longitudinal data on skill retention, and the absence of objective performance measurements. Future research should address these gaps to validate and enhance the effectiveness of VR training in paramedicine.
GP referral to rapid diagnostic centres for non-specific cancer symptoms: a qualitative study
Authors: White Caroline , Robinson Spencer , Macleod Una , Kelly Charlotte
Published: February 2025

Background

Diagnosing cancer can be challenging, especially when patients present to General Practitioners (GPs) with serious, but nonspecific symptoms. Rapid Diagnostic Centres (RDCs) have been introduced in England as diagnostic pathways for patients with non-specific symptoms where cancer is suspected, but they do not meet existing cancer pathway criteria.

Aim

To investigate GP perspectives on referral to an RDC pathway for patients with non-specific symptoms and suspected cancer.

Design & setting

Semi-structured interviews with GPs within the catchment area of an acute NHS Trust

Method

GP interviews focusing on experiences of using the RDC pathway. A thematic analysis was conducted on interview transcripts.

Results

GPs reported the RDC pathway as a game changer. It offered faster referral, reduced anxiety for GPs and patients, and reduced the need for GPs to ‘game the system’ when patients do not meet criteria for cancer-specific pathways. The narrative required on referral appeared to legitimise GP gut feelings and expertise. RDC results (if not cancer) gave GPs space to treat patients without concern of a missed cancer, while ensuring onward referral for those with cancer or other serious conditions. Some access barriers, especially related to travel and time, were identified especially for patients in rural areas.

Conclusion

This cancer pathway fills a referral gap for GPs and patients with non-specific potential cancer symptoms. It has an important signposting function, helping identify patients requiring treatment for cancer/other serious conditions, and others whose symptoms can be treated safely within primary care.
IMPLEMENTATION OF A CHATBOT BASED ON ARTIFIFICAL INTELLEGENCE MARKUP LANGUANGE FOR ADMINISTRATIF SERVICE INFORMATION AT KELURAHAN NEGERI AGUNG
Authors: Pasena Rizki Bayu , Gunadi Goldie
Published: February 2025

This study aims to design and test an AIML-based (Artificial Intelligence Markup Language) Chatbot for information administrative services at Kelurahan Negeri Agung. The Chatbot is designed to handle various administrative questions with high accuracy, minimize information errors, and expedite document submission processes. Testing results show that the Chatbot improves service accuracy and speed, receiving positive feedback from users regarding response speed and ease of information access. However, this study has limitations, such as testing conducted in a simulated environment, dependence on pre-programmed data, and no field implementation. Suggestions for further development include regular data updates, user training on Chatbot usage, development of additional features, and periodic testing and evaluation. Therefore, this study is expected to serve as a foundation for further development and implementation of AIML-based Chatbots in administrative services in the future.IMPLEMENTASI CHATBOT BERBASIS ARTIFICIAL INTELLEGENCE MARKUP LANGUANGE UNTUK INFORMASI LAYANAN ADMINISTRATIF KELURAHAN NEGERI AGUNG Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menguji Chatbot berbasis AIML (Artificial Intelligence Markup Language) untuk informasi pelayanan administrasi di Kelurahan Negeri Agung. Chatbot ini dirancang untuk menjawab berbagai pertanyaan administratif dengan akurasi yang tinggi, meminimalisir kesalahan informasi, dan mempercepat proses pengajuan dokumen. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa Chatbot dapat meningkatkan akurasi dan kecepatan pelayanan, serta mendapatkan respon positif dari pengguna terkait kecepatan dan kemudahan akses informasi. Namun, penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan seperti pengujian yang dilakukan dalam lingkungan simulasi, ketergantungan pada data yang diprogramkan, dan belum adanya implementasi di lapangan. Saran untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut mencakup pembaruan data berkala, pelatihan penggunaan Chatbot kepada masyarakat, pengembangan fitur tambahan, serta pengujian dan evaluasi berkala. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut dan implementasi Chatbot berbasis AIML dalam pelayanan administrasi di masa depan.
ANALYSIS OF DRAINAGE NETWORKS AGAINST FLOODS IN CENTRAL LENTOG TANJUNG, KUDUS REGENCY
Authors: Umam Khotibul , Hidayati Nor , Ariyanto Ariyanto , Alim Jawad Syahirur
Published: February 2025

Several highway drainage channels in Kudus require re-analysis regarding their elevation and design due to various issues encountered. These problems include water flow that is not smooth or is blocked, sediment deposition within the drainage channels, overflowing water during the rainy season, and other potential issues. One of the drainage channels facing these problems is the Central Lentog Tanjung drainage in Kudus Regency. To address this situation, a re-analysis and comprehensive evaluation of the Central Lentog Tanjung drainage is necessary. The purpose of this analysis is to find the right solutions to resolve these issues. The research results indicate that the drainage capacity in Central Lentog Tanjung, Kudus Regency, has a discharge of 4.54 m³/sec or equivalent to 454 liters/sec. This suggests that the current drainage conditions are unable to accommodate the incoming water discharge, considering the maximum water discharge from the HecRas calculation is 17.86 m³/sec or 1786 liters/sec.ANALISIS JARINGAN DRAINASE TERHADAP BANJIR DI CENTRAL LENTOG TANJUNG, KABUPATEN KUDUSSejumlah saluran drainase jalan raya di Kudus memerlukan analisis ulang terkait elevasi dan desainnya karena berbagai permasalahan yang dihadapi. Masalah-masalah tersebut mencakup aliran air yang tidak lancar atau tersumbat, pengendapan sedimen dalam saluran drainase, peluapan air saat musim hujan, dan potensi masalah lainnya. Salah satu saluran drainase yang mengalami masalah tersebut adalah drainase Central Lentog Tanjung di Kabupaten Kudus. Untuk menangani situasi ini, diperlukan analisis ulang dan evaluasi menyeluruh terhadap drainase Central Lentog Tanjung. Tujuan dari analisis ini adalah untuk menemukan solusi yang tepat dalam mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas drainase di Central Lentog Tanjung, Kabupaten Kudus, memiliki debit sebesar 4,54 m³/det atau setara dengan 454 liter/det. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa kondisi drainase saat ini tidak mampu menampung debit air yang masuk, mengingat debit air maksimum hasil perhitungan HecRas mencapai 17,86 m³/det atau 1786 liter/det.
Île de la Réunion : les couleurs de la vie
Authors: Épine Nadège de l’
Published: February 2025

À quoi ressemble un paysage que l’on n’a jamais vu ? Peut-on se le figurer en étant étranger à ses codes ? Dans ce récit de voyage, l’autrice livre ses impressions sur l’Île de la Réunion, l’île exaltante. Ses réflexions, empreintes de la naïveté d’une nouvelle arrivante, trouvent leur prolongement dans les récits que livrent les locaux de l’île qui les a vu grandir. Le décor de carte postale que perçoit le voyageur se voit peu à peu transformé par la réalité de ceux qui y vivent. Les failles apparaissent, emportant dans leur creux l’idéalisation construite de toute pièce par l’étrangère en quête d’exotisme.
Media : un projet digital pour la narration du patrimoine local de la Vallée d'Aoste
Authors: Pioletti Anna Maria , Favro Marta
Published: February 2025

Les institutions muséales peuvent favoriser une relation renouvelée entre la communauté, le patrimoine culturel et le territoire. Le projet MEDIA vise à élargir l'attractivité du Musée de l'Artisanat Valdôtain de tradition, en expérimentant de nouvelles formes de narration du patrimoine local grâce à l’emploi de technologies numériques.
Contagem de pontos positivos para promoções das praças da Polícia Militar do Paraná: proposta de remodelação sob a ótica da Lei 22.187/24
Authors: Soares André Henrique , Sampaio Pedro Paulo Porto de
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo aborda o sistema legal de contagem de pontos para a promoção das praças da Polícia Militar do Paraná. O estudo analisa a legislação vigente e os critérios considerados para a evolução na carreira, incluindo a contagem do tempo de serviço, a conclusão de cursos, a pontuação por medalhas, a pontuação por publicação de documento escrito, entre outros requisitos. Inicialmente, realiza-se uma revisão do sistema atual, destacando disfunções que podem gerar desequilíbrios nas promoções. Além disso, são apresentadas as modificações introduzidas pela Lei n. 22.187/24, que alterou a Lei de Promoções de Praças, conferindo ao Comandante-Geral da Corporação a possibilidade de regulamentar, por ato próprio, a contagem de pontos. Por fim, o artigo propõe alternativas para aprimorar esse regime de promoção, por meio do exercício do poder regulamentar, permitindo a correção de inadequações e a atualização de dispositivos superados pela evolução da carreira. Como conclusão, o estudo sugere que tais ajustes encontram respaldo legal para sua implementação, com impactos positivos para a coletividade de praças da Polícia Militar.
Semantic Network Analysis of Learners and Teachers' Perceptions on Grammar Instruction
Authors:   Education Research Institute, Kim Jeongeun , Kang Myonghoon
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze and compare the perceptions of grammar instruction among high school students and teachers, deriving educational implications. Open-ended surveys were conducted with 139 second-year high school students and 26 teachers in the Chungbuk region. The collected data were analyzed using semantic network analysis, focusing on centrality index and CONCOR analysis results. The findings reveal that both students and teachers value "interest," "application to real-life situations," "clear explanations," and "understanding" as essential components of effective grammar instruction. However, while students emphasized engaging and enjoyable teaching methods as the core of good grammar lessons, teachers highlighted the importance of lessons that equip students with the ability to explore linguistic phenomena and apply them accurately and appropriately in real-life contexts. The study underscores the need for further discussions on selecting appropriate examples to help students understand real-life language use, the importance of motivation in grammar instruction, and the effectiveness of exploratory grammar lessons in practical teaching contexts.
Types of prospective biology teachers' understanding of key concepts in ecology
Authors:   Education Research Institute, Kim Heung-tae
Published: February 2025

In order to properly educate ecology, it is necessary to train biology teachers who correctly understand the key concepts of ecology. This study aimed to identify prospective biology teachers’ alternative conceptions of the key concepts of ecology and to identify the level of understanding of ecological concepts through categorization. The core concepts of ecology covered in this study were interdependence of ecosystems, energy flow and material cycle of ecosystems, biodiversity, and ecosystem dynamics. Overall, four levels of prospective biology teachers’understanding of ecological situations involving the core concepts could be categrized. Levels 1 and 2 were characterized by incorrect application of ecological concepts for the presented situations. Levels 3 and 4 were able to provide explanations using ecological concepts, but Level 3 was not able to fully utilize systems thinking and temporal thinking. In particular, there was a relatively low level of understanding of the distribution of biological populations, the origin of biological organic matter, and biodiversity at the ecosystem level. A proper understanding of ecological concepts requires systems thinking and temporal thinking. Therefore, there is a need for learning about ecological concepts based on systems thinking and temporal thinking in pre-service biology teacher education programs.
Exploring Research Trends for Proposing AI-Based Curriculum Development Models
Authors:   Education Research Institute, HEO JIWON
Published: February 2025

This study analyzed 406 research papers on AI-based curriculum published domestically and internationally from 2019 to 2024, highlighting the impact of AI technology on curriculum design, implementation, and evaluation. Unlike previous studies that broadly examined AI’s influence on education, this study focused specifically on "curriculum," establishing its distinctiveness. Additionally, a comparative analysis of domestic and international research identified regional differences and commonalities. Using text mining, topic modeling, and network analysis, the study examined key research trends, revealing that domestic research emphasized structural improvements and institutional applications of curricula, whereas international research focused on developing personalized learning tools and applying innovative teaching methods. Furthermore, by analyzing the temporal trends of key topics in AI-based curriculum research, this study provides a valuable foundation for exploring future directions in AI-driven curriculum development. The findings and insights derived from this research are expected to guide AI-based curriculum studies and serve as fundamental resources for advancing educational innovation and quality improvement.
Comparison of Effectiveness of Machine Learning Methods in Predicting Chemical Compound Toxicity Enhance Pharmaceutical Product Safety
Authors: Yuwana Dufan , Andono Pulung , Kurniawan Hendy
Published: February 2025

This study compares the effectiveness of machine learning methods in predicting the toxicity of chemical compounds using a dataset containing 5,000 samples with 14 key features. The dataset underwent preprocessing, including normalization, missing data handling, and oversampling to address data imbalance. The models used include Decision Tree, Random Forest, Extra Trees, and Gradient Boosting, validated using k-fold cross-validation. Evaluation based on accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score showed that Gradient Boosting achieved the best performance with 92.3% accuracy, though it still faces challenges such as overfitting and interpretability limitations. Compared to in vitro and in vivo methods, machine learning is more efficient but still requires further experimental validation. This study recommends optimizing models through ensemble learning and explainable AI to improve prediction reliability.
Pemantauan Kualitas Air: Analisis Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) dan Kadmiun (Cd) Guna Mendukung Kegiatan Perikanan Berkelanjutan di Perairan Jembrana, Bali
Authors: Maharani Made Dwipa Kusuma , Prasetia I Nyoman Dodik , Wulandari Dewi , Amelia Jasmine Masyitha , Sitepu Gressty Sari Br
Published: February 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi logam berat di perairan Jembrana dan menganalisis kualitas air untuk menentukan kesuburan perairan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pengamatan langsung dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Produksi primer, parameter fisika kimia biologi, dan data logam berat dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perairan Jembrana memiliki nilai produktivitas primer tertinggi sebesar 1051,01 mgC/m3/hari dan nilai terendah sebesar 112,61 mgC/m3/hari. Kualitas air di Jembrana dianggap cukup baik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kondisi perairan di lokasi pengamatan tetap stabil dan berada di batas toleransi untuk biota laut. Hal ini disebabkan oleh fakta bahwa selama periode pengambilan sampel, tidak ada aktivitas yang signifikan dari nelayan dan penduduk setempat. Hasil pengamatan logam berat timbal dan cadmium di lokasi penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa stasiun menunjukkan nilai yang melebihi ambang batas, tetapi nilai-nilai tersebut masih dapat diterima oleh perairan. Kadar logam berat di stasiun melebihi ambang batas karena limbah limbah perusahaan dan kapal-kapal di pelabuhan setempat.
Analisis Kepatuhan Regulasi Keamanan Pangan Produk Olahan Perikanan Melalui Identifikasi Label Kemasan
Authors: Permatasari Belantika Amanda , Anjaini Jefri , Setiyaningsih Lilik
Published: February 2025

Studi ini bertujuan untuk memahami urgensi regulasi keamanan pangan, mengevaluasi kepatuhan produsen, dan menganalisis label kemasan sebagai indikator kepatuhan. Pengamatan dilakukan menggunakan metode studi literatur dengan mengumpulkan data online untuk lima produk perikanan olahan: sarden, abon ikan, kecap ikan, chikuwa, dan minyak ikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lima produk perikanan olahan, yaitu Sarden Gaga, Chikuwa Cedea, Bonroa Abon Ikan Cakalang, Finna Kecap Ikan, dan OM3 Heart Natural Fish Oil, sebagian besar mematuhi Peraturan BPOM No. 31 Tahun 2018 dan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 69 Tahun 1999, meskipun terdapat kekurangan dalam penyertaan tanggal kedaluwarsa dan informasi nilai gizi. Empat produk memiliki izin edar BPOM, satu memiliki izin PIRT, hanya Sarden Gaga yang memenuhi standar SNI wajib, dan dua produk tidak menampilkan logo halal sebagaimana diharuskan oleh Undang-Undang No. 33 Tahun 2014.
Air Kelapa Sebagai Salah Satu Bahan Probiotik Yang Dicampurkan Pada Pakan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Kelangsungan Hidup Benih Ikan Nila Hitam (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Rovely Firgiani Citri , Nuhman Nuhman , Rosana Nurul
Published: February 2025

Ikan nila hitam (Oreochromis niloticus) merupakan ikan air tawar yang banyak dikonsumsi dan memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Air kelapa merupakan cairan yang ada didalam buah kelapa, air kelapa memiliki kandungan zat gizi yang baik, Sehingga dalam penelitian ini air kelapa dijadikan campuran fermentasi probiotik. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan air kelapa pada probiotik yang dicampurkan kedalam pakan terhadap pertumbuhan benih ikan nila hitam (Oreochromis niloticus). Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa perbedaan penambahan air kelapa pada probiotik yang dicampurkan kedalam pakan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan berat mutlak, panjang mutlak dan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan nila hitam. Untuk pertumbuhan berat mutlak didapatkan nilai tertinggi pada perlakuan perlakuan E (5,47 gram), sedangkan pertumbuhan panjang mutlak didapatkan nilai tertinggi pada perlakuan A (3,17 cm), dan untuk kelangsungan hidup didapatkan nilai tertinggi pada perlakuan A (95%).
Penapisan Fitokimia Infusa Daun Thalassia hemprichii yang Berpotensi Sebagai Antimikroba
Authors: Suwarny Suwarny , Syarif Satriani , Alrin La Ode
Published: February 2025

Thalassia hemprichii adalah tumbuhan spermatophyta yang tumbuh pada ekosistem perairan. Tumbuhan ini merupakan salah satu jenis lamun yang tersebar di perairan Sulawesi Tenggara dan telah lama dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat pesisir untuk berbagai keperluan, termasuk pengobatan tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan penapisan fitokimia infusa lamun Thalassia hemprichii dari perairan Tondonggeu, Sulawesi Tenggara, dan mengkaji potensinya sebagai antimikroba alami. Metode yang digunakan meliputi wawancara dengan masyarakat setempat untuk menggali pengetahuan tradisional tentang pemanfaatan lamun, serta skrining fitokimia infusa daun Thalassia hemprichii.
Hasil wawancara menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Tondonggeu memanfaatkan berbagai bagian tanaman lamun untuk pengobatan, termasuk sebagai obat luka, antidiare, obat demam, obat sakit perut, dan suplemen nutrisi. Skrining fitokimia mengungkapkan keberadaan alkaloid, terpenoid, saponin, tanin, dan flavonoid dalam infusa daun T. hemprichii. Temuan ini menunjukkan adanya korelasi antara penggunaan tradisional dan kandungan fitokimia, yang mendukung potensi T. hemprichii sebagai sumber antimikroba alami. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Thalassia hemprichii memiliki potensi signifikan untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut sebagai sumber obat alami, terutama dalam penemuan antimikroba. Namun, diperlukan penelitian lanjutan untuk mengisolasi senyawa aktif spesifik dan melakukan uji klinis guna memvalidasi keamanan dan efektivitasnya. Pemanfaatan T. hemprichii sebagai sumber obat alami harus diimbangi dengan upaya konservasi untuk menjamin keberlanjutan spesies ini dan ekosistem padang lamun.
Kata Kunci : Thalassia hemprichii, skrining fitokimia, antimikroba
Pemanfaatan Wolffia arrhiza Pada Ikan Mas Berdasarkan Evaluasi Pertambahan Bobot Badan, Konversi Ransum, dan Kualitas Daging
Authors: Mahaji Toga , Aidil Huda J Mhd. , Nanda Adiprayoga Shofian , Utari Harahap Angelia
Published: February 2025

Wolffia (Wolffia arrhiza) diduga dapat dijadikan subtitusi ransum pada ikan mas karena memiliki kandungan nutrisi 34-45% protein beserta asam amino esensial, kadar serat kasar yang rendah berkisar 10-11%, kandungan pati 10-20% serta lemak 1-5%. Tujuan penelitian ini melihat pengaruh pemanfaatan Wolffia arrhiza pada ikan mas terhadap evaluasi pertambahan bobot badan, konversi ransum, dan kualitas daging. Metode penelitian ini memakai rancangan percobaan Rancang Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan yang terdiri dari 6 ekor ikan nila pada setiap ulangan. Parameter yang diuji adalah pertambahan bobot badan, konversi ransum, dan kualitas daging ikan mas. Penelitian ini menunjukan penggunaan wolffia segar sebagai ransum ikan mas memberikan pengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,5) terhadap pertumbuhan bobot badan sebesar 7,50 gr dengan nilai konversi ransum sebesar 2,31 dan kualitas daging berdasarkan kadar protein daging sebesar 14,59%. Formulasi wolffia segar menunjukan hasil pertumbuhan paling baik pada perlakuan D dengan perlakuan 20% wolffia segar dengan pellet buatan 80% pada ikan mas.
Cross-sectional Study of the Anatomic Variation of Brachial Plexus’ Nerve Roots Origin in Jordan: Prefixed and Postfixed
Authors: Samara Osama , Al Khatib Feras , Braik Ruba , Alsayouri Tariq , Al-Qawasmeh Abdallah , Afaneh Osama , Al Ryalat Nosaiba , Badran Darwish , Shatarat Amjad
Published: February 2025

Background: Anatomical variations in the origin of brachial plexusand the nerve roots contributing to it exist. Based on literature review, thesevariations are not uncommon and may even be the rule rather than the exception.However, data regarding these variations in the Jordanian population is absent,and assessment of such variations is important in both clinical evaluation andsurgical procedures. Such anatomical variations may increase the likelihood ofspecific pathologies, like thoracic outlet syndrome, and can influence the surgicalstrategies employed for the brachial plexus. This study aimed to explore theanatomy and variations of the brachial plexus’s origin in normal healthyJordanian subjects using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), particularlyprefixed and postfixed variants.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Random selection of50 subjects undergoing cervical spine MRI, for which a 3D NerveVIEW sequenceof the brachial plexus nerve roots was performed in both coronal and axial planes.For each subject, identification of the nerve root levels contributing to theformation of the brachial plexus on each side was performed andprefixed/postfixed variations were identified. Other measurements, diameter andlength of nerve roots, were identified, and a comparison of these measurementsbetween males and females in the studied population was performed.Results: Out of the 94 brachial plexuses analyzed, 25 were prefixed (26.6%) andnone were postfixed. Those 25 prefixed plexuses were identified in 15 subjects;10 subjects having the prefixed variant bilaterally (66.7% of all prefixedplexuses), 4 subjects were left prefixed plexus (26.7%) and only one was a rightprefixed plexus (6.7%). Data analysis of the lengths and diameters of all nerveroots contributing to the formation of the brachial plexuses in all subjects (n=94)showed that the mean diameter and length of the left-sided roots weresignificantly thicker and longer than their right-sided counterparts (p-values were0.0178 and 0.0014, respectively). In addition, nerve roots contributing to brachialplexuses formation were longer and wider in males than those in females.Conclusions: This study concluded that anatomical variation of the nerve rootscontributing to brachial plexus is common among the Jordanian population,particularly the pre-fixed variant.
importância da fé nos processos de imigração e migração
Authors: Janke Scheila
Published: February 2025

Este artigo procura analisar a importância do cultivo da fé entre imigrantes e migrantes germânicos nas áreas de colonização brasileiras. O processo de estabelecimento em um novo país ou o movimento de migração para outras regiões significou, para esses indivíduos, uma vivência à margem da sociedade em termos sociais, políticos e religiosos. Com o auxílio da fé, eles superaram as dificuldades de adaptação, o isolamento, as perdas e a falta de uma infraestrutura educacional e de saúde com o cultivo de sua fé e a partir da mobilização social organizada a partir das comunidades religiosas por eles criadas e mantidas.
ОТРИМАННЯ МАТЕМАТИЧНОЇ МОДЕЛІ ТА РІВНЯНЬ МНОЖИННОЇ РЕГРЕСІЇ ПРОЦЕСУ ЗНЕШКОДЖЕННЯ ФЕНОЛВМІСНИХ СТОКІВ
Authors: ХАВІКОВА К. Є. , ТРИКІЛО А. І. , ГОЛОВАНЬ С. С. , ШКОДА В. О.
Published: February 2025

В даній роботі об'єктом дослідження обрано фенольні стоки вузлу біохімічної очистки коксохімічного підприємства м. Кам'янського ПРАТ «КАМЕТ-СТАЛЬ». В його умовах затверджені нормативні значення якості вихідних стоків, які для фенолів складають 415 мг/дм³; роданідів – 400 мг/дм³; а фактична концентрація C6H5OH (середня за рік) становить – 1115,9 мг/дм³, SCN− – 601,1 мг/дм³. Наведені дані свідчать про те, що слід очікувати нерівномірність процесу біологічної очистки стоків протягом року, що призводить до негативного впливу токсичних речовин на симбіоз активного мулу. Задля підвищення якості фенольної води, що подається у аеротенки виникає необхідність у доочищенні стоків на механічній стадії. На основі експериментальних даних отримано рівняння регресії, які дозволяють визначити залишкову концентрацію фенолів та роданідів залежно від доз глауконіту та часу контактування адсорбенту зі стічною водою. Оптимальна витрата глауконіту в поєднанні з 0,1% розчином катіонного флокулянту згідно з першою моделлю очищення становить 2 – 4,8 г/дм3 при тривалості часу експерименту 100 – 110 хв, що призводить до зменшення концентрації фенолів від 510 мг/дм3 до 340,9 мг/дм3. Згідно з другою моделлю, максимальний ступінь вилучення роданідів досягається при витраті глауконіту – 2 – 5 г/дм3 в поєднанні з 0,1% розчином флокулянту катіонного типу та інтервалі часу 115 хв, що призводить до зменшення концентрації роданідів з 475,2 мг/дм3 до 345 мг/дм3. Одержані множинні рівняння регресії адекватно описують результати експериментальних досліджень. Практичне зменшення фенолів та роданідів до ГДК, може бути отримано при значеннях витрати глауконіту Х2 (2 – 5 г/дм3) та інтервалі часу очищення Х3 (100 – 115 хв). Оптимальний час контактування сорбенту не перевищує часу перебування стоків у флотаторі і задовольняє технологічним вимогам. Адекватність рівнянь перевірено за критерієм Фішера. За табличними даними визначено, що вилучення фенолів за критерієм Фішера становить: F1 = 1,9. В підсумку отримуємо: 0,461≤ 1,9. Видалення роданідів: F2 = 1,9, що в підсумку складає: 0,369≤ 1,9. Рівняння є адекватними експериментальним даним.