bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudos climatológicos da Reserva Florestal Ducke - Manaus-AM. IV. Precipitação
Authors: Marques Filho Ari de Oliveira , Ribeiro Maria de Nazaré Góes , Santos Hugo Menezes dos , Santos Jesus Marden dos
Published: March 2017

Resumo Neste trabalho, foi estudada a relação entre intensidade-freqüência-duração das precipitações ocorridas desde 1965 na Estação Climatológica Principal da Reserva Florestal Ducke, pertencente ao Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, localizada no Km 26 da Rodovia Torquato Tapajós. A distribuição de freqüência proposta por Gumbel e uma distribuição exponencial foram ajustadas às Séries de Intensidades Máximas Anuais e Séries Parciais formadas. Determinou-se o grau de ajustamento dessas distribuições aos dados observados para precipitações com duração de 10 minutos.
Distribuição do sedimento do leito do rio Amazonas - nenhuma mudança apreciável rio abaixo
Authors: Nordin Jr Carl F. , Meade Robert H , Curtis William F. , Bósio Nivaldo J. , Landim Paulo M. S.
Published: March 2017

Resumo Neste trabalho é estudada a distribuição de tamanho das partículas do leito do rio Amazonas, que não mostrou variação apreciável desde Iquitos, no Peru, até Macapá, no Brasil, numa distância de 3.200 km.
Estudo dos Micropszídeos da Bacia Amazônica. III-Conhecimento de uma nova espécie e redescrição de três espécies de Taeniaptera Macquart, 1835 (Diptera - Micropezidae)
Authors: Albuquerque Lindalva Paes de
Published: March 2017

Resumo Prossegue-se os estudos de Taeniaptera Macquart, 1835, com a redescrição de T. albibasis (Enderlein, 1922); T. angulata (Loew, 1866); T. annulata (Fabricius, 1787) e descrição de uma espécie nova para a ciência T. teresacristinae, com base na morfologia externa e anatomia da genitália de ambos os sexos. A distribuição geográfica do gênero está concentrada na faixa tropical americana. A ocorrência destas espécies em estudo, abrange vários tipos de habitats amazônicos.
CONTEXTO HOSPITALAR PÚBLICO E PRIVADO: IMPACTO NO ADOECIMENTO MENTAL DE TRABALHADORES DA SAÚDE
Authors: Santos Anelise Schaurich dos , Monteiro Janine Kieling , Dilélio Alitéia Santiago , Sobrosa Gênesis Marimar Rodrigues , Borowski Sílvia Batista Von
Published: March 2017

Resumo O estudo teve por objetivo comparar a avaliação do contexto de trabalho e os índices de uso de álcool, depressão e síndrome de burnout entre trabalhadores da saúde provenientes de um hospital público e de um hospital privado da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, no Rio Grande do Sul, entre janeiro de 2009 e janeiro de 2010. Tratou-se de pesquisa quantitativa do tipo descritiva e comparativa. Participaram 182 trabalhadores da saúde, 92 provenientes do hospital público e noventa do hospital privado. Os participantes responderam individualmente a cinco instrumentos: questionário sociodemográfico e laboral, teste de identificação para transtornos por uso de álcool, inventário Beck de depressão, Maslach Burnout Inventory e escala de avaliação do contexto do trabalho. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatísticas descritivas e teste t-Student para comparação de médias entre os grupos dos dois tipos de hospitais. Os resultados indicaram que o contexto de trabalho foi avaliado de forma significativamente mais negativa pelos trabalhadores do hospital público. Os dados também demonstraram índices mais elevados de adoecimento nos profissionais que atuavam nesse tipo de instituição. Concluiu-se que o adoecimento psíquico dos trabalhadores da saúde relaciona-se mais ao tipo de contexto de trabalho (público ou privado) do que à categoria profissional.
EQUIPES DE ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA: DIFICULDADES NO CUIDADO DE PESSOAS COM DOENÇAS CRÔNICAS NÃO TRANSMISSÍVEIS
Authors: Silocchi Cassiane , Junges José Roque
Published: March 2017

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer a percepção de pessoas com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis sobre sua saúde, doença e cuidado, bem como analisar as práticas das equipes de atenção primária com esses pacientes. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa descritivo-exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida em 2014 no município de Sapucaia do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e discussão focal. A análise interpretativa baseou-se na hermenêutica. Os resultados retrataram o desestímulo em aderir à dieta e a insatisfação com as práticas de acompanhamento e com a rede de atenção. A consideração das dimensões culturais, simbólicas e sociais pode ajudar a repensar as propostas de dieta, e o planejamento dos serviços e a educação permanente abrem possibilidades para as melhorias no cuidado.
PARTICIPAÇÃO SOCIAL, PLANEJAMENTO URBANO E PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE EM CAMPO GRANDE (MS)
Authors: Gonçalves Crhistinne Cavalheiro Maymone , Bógus Cláudia Maria
Published: March 2017

Resumo A pesquisa apresentada neste artigo buscou conhecer a participação social em uma iniciativa da promoção da saúde desenvolvida em Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. Tratou-se de pesquisa desenvolvida em 2009 com abordagem qualitativa, em que foram realizados análise documental, entrevistas (com gestores e técnicos), grupos focais (com conselheiros regionais) e análise de conteúdo com triangulação dos dados. A percepção quanto à participação social não se restringiu à experiência, pois destacaram-se a institucionalização de canais de participação no município e os conselhos regionais urbanos, considerados como avanço nos processos democráticos, propulsores de maior envolvimento dos conselheiros nas decisões do planejamento urbano. Porém, barreiras ao exercício democrático foram ressaltadas: necessidade de formação política de conselheiros, fragilidade de presença da população nas instâncias participativas, dificuldade de articulação com o legislativo, falta de conhecimento e acesso à informação, dificuldades na atuação como conselheiro e descrença no processo participativo, causando evasão de lideranças. Observaram-se o fortalecimento desses espaços colegiados e a união das lideranças nos bairros em torno de objetivos comuns, com a formação de uma espiral crescente de participação, estimulada por uma rede de apoio comunitário.
Germinação e vigor de sementes de abóbora tratadas com tiametoxam
Authors: Lemes Elisa Souza , Almeida Andréia da Silva , Meneghello Géri Eduardo , Tunes Lilian Madruga de , Villela Francisco Amaral
Published: March 2017

A utilização de sementes de alta qualidade é fator fundamental para a obtenção de emergência mais rápida e estande uniforme. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a germinação e o vigor de sementes de abóbora tratadas com tiametoxam. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 x 5 (lotes de sementes de abóbora e doses de tiametoxam - 0 mL kg-1, 2 mL kg-1, 4 mL kg-1, 6 mL kg-1 e 8 mL kg-1de sementes), com quatro repetições. A qualidade das sementes tratadas foi avaliada pelos testes de primeira contagem de germinação, germinação, frio, envelhecimento acelerado e emergência, em casa-de-vegetação. O tiametoxam influencia positivamente a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de abóbora e o lote de sementes de menor qualidade tratado com tiametoxam apresenta maior incremento no vigor. O tratamento com doses de 4-6 mL de tiametoxam por kg de sementes apresenta maior eficiência sobre a qualidade fisiológica das sementes.
Therapeutic relationship on the web: to face or not to face?
Authors: Sfoggia Ana , Kowacs Clarice , Gastaud Marina Bento , Laskoski Pricilla Braga , Bassols Ana Margareth , Severo Charlie Trelles , Machado Diogo , Krieger Daniela Valle , Torres Mariana Benetti , Teche Stefania Pigatto , Wellausen Rafael Stella , Eizirik Cláudio Laks
Published: March 2017

In this age of unprecedented expansion of media and information dissemination and sharing, the use of electronic means should be reconsidered. The use of new technologies should be studied to understand how it may affect the relationship between patient and therapist during psychotherapy or psychoanalytic treatments. This study offers a critical discussion of the effect of technologies on clinical practice, and vignettes are used to describe their impact on frame, anonymity, abstinence and therapeutic neutrality. Transfer and countertransference issues resulting from these changes are also discussed. The potential benefits of new technologies in psychotherapy are appreciated, but the authors draw attention to the need to reflect about the presence of the therapist in those technologies and the preservation of the therapeutic setting, so that a satisfactory progression of the work of the dyad is ensured. This study also discusses the use of technologies in the expansion of learning and application of the therapeutic technique to overcome geographic and time barriers, among others.
"Nós somos machistas": entrevistas com escritores/as brasileiros/as
Authors: Grünnagel Christian , Wieser Doris
Published: March 2017

Este dossiê reúne seis conversas com escritores(as) brasileiros(as) levadas a cabo no âmbito da Feira do Livro de Frankfurt em 2013: Ana Paula Maia, Beatriz Bracher, Bernardo Ajzenberg, Carola Saavedra, Ferréz, Luiz Ruffato e Marcelino Freire. As primeiras questões das entrevistas centram-se em assuntos relacionados com os estudos de gênero, nomeadamente os diferentes conceitos de masculinidade(s) e feminilidade(s) na sociedade e na literatura brasileiras, partindo da teoria elaborada pela socióloga australiana R. W. Connell, uma das mais relevantes acadêmicas contemporâneas na área das masculinidades e das relações de gênero. Segue-se uma série de perguntas sobre as particularidades da obra de cada um(a) dos(as) escritores(as), as suas principais preocupações estéticas e as conexões com as obras dos(as) outros(as).
Carolina Maria de Jesus e Arthur Bispo do Rosário: uma poética de sucatas na construção da identidade artística
Authors: Fernandez Raffaella Andréa
Published: March 2017

resumo Avessos a expressões que conviveram às margens do processo de modernização dos “anos dourados” brasileiro da primeira metade do século XX, Arthur Santo Bispo do Rosário (1910-1984) se desloca de Sergipe para o Rio de Janeiro e Carolina Maria de Jesus (1914-1977) de Minas Gerais para São Paulo. O artista plástico manteve-se imerso em linhas, trapos e diversos tipos de sucatas, enquanto a escritora debruçava-se sobre jornais, livros e cadernos, materiais miraculosamente selecionados e retirados das latas de lixo, entre outros resíduos que lhes serviam de substância ou suporte por excelência a seus procedimentos criativos. Ambos produziram e cultivaram suas poéticas de sucatas como mecanismo de inserção, reafirmação e eclosão em um mundo excludente. Esses artistas expressam procedimentos artísticos criativos e de potência equivalente a dos movimentos artísticos modernos e pós-modernos, assumindo em suas criações o rompimento e a colisão com os sistemas linguístico e visual ao incorporar a arte ao lixo, ao descartável, à sucata.
Políticas públicas para a leitura e a literatura: o legado autoritário e a influência do mercado
Authors: Pereira Victor Hugo Adler , Medeiros Mirna Aragão de
Published: March 2017

resumo Apresentamos neste artigo as repercussões das dificuldades impostas por tradições autoritárias na organização da cultura e nos projetos educacionais do país para a ampliação do acesso ao livro e à literatura. Descrevemos e discutimos as principais iniciativas para diminuir os efeitos desse legado histórico traduzido nas políticas públicas no setor após o fim da ditadura militar, do Proler, nos anos 1980, até o PNLL, Programa Nacional do Livro e Leitura, implantado em 2011. Realizamos um paralelo entre essas iniciativas e a trajetória do Programa de Leitura da UERJ, que teve origem no Proler.
Contos de fadas da memória em Baú de ossos, de Pedro Nava
Authors: Gabriel Maria Alice Ribeiro
Published: March 2017

resumo Situada em relação à problematização pós-moderna do conhecimento histórico, a prosa memorialística, mesmo se transformada em arte, tem sido descrita em relação à memória, mais que em relação à história. Baseado em um criticismo biográfico e histórico, este artigo pretende discutir a presença dos contos de fadas nos escritos de Pedro Nava sobre suas memórias de infância em Baú de ossos (1972) e expor como esses relatos são estruturados pelos discursos autobiográfico e ficcional.
In vitro culture of somatic cells derived from ear tissue of collared peccary (Pecari tajacu Linnaeus, 1758) in medium with different requirements
Authors: Santos Magda L.T. , Borges Alana A. , Neta Luiza B. Queiroz , Santos Maria V.O. , Oliveira Moacir F. , Silva Alexandre R. , Pereira Alexsandra F.
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT: The maintenance of metabolic activities during the in vitro culture of somatic cells of wild animals, especially collared peccary (Pecari tajacu), is an interesting step in conservation of these cells for the use in nuclear transfer. In this context, it is necessary to optimize the culture conditions of somatic cells by the establishment of appropriate supplementation to the media. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the composition of the culture means of somatic cell derived from ear tissue of collared peccaries, evaluating concentrations of fetal bovine serum (FBS; 10% vs. 20%) and epidermal growth factor (EGF; 5ng/mL vs. 10ng/mL). Tissues were submitted to primary culture and subcultures for 40 days and cells were analyzed for morphology, adhesion, subconfluence, and proliferative activity to develop the growth curve and to determine the population doubling time (PDT), viability, and functional/metabolic activity. No difference was observed between the concentrations of FBS for several parameters, except for viability [FBS10: 85.6% vs. FBS20: 98.2%], PDT [FBS10: 155.4h vs. 77.2h], and functional/metabolic assay [FBS10: 0.57-0.55 vs. FBS20: 0.82-0.99 (D5-D7)]. For the EGF in culture, no difference was observed in the evaluated parameters. In all experiments, the growth curves were typical S-shape and the cells passed through a lag, logarithmic, and plateau phase. In conclusion, 20% FBS is suitable for the recovery of somatic cells; nevertheless, EGF does not improve the quality of growing these cells. To our knowledge, this is the first study culturing somatic cells of collared peccaries.
Clinical, laboratorial and radiographic predictors of Bordetella pertussis infection
Authors: Bellettini Camila Vieira , Oliveira Andressa Welter de , Tusset Cintia , Baethgen Ludmila Fiorenzano , Amantéa Sérgio Luís , Motta Fabrizio , Gasparotto Aline , Andreolla Huander Felipe , Pasqualotto Alessandro C.
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE: To identify clinical, laboratorial and radiographic predictors for Bordetella pertussis infection.METHODS: This was a retrospective study, which analyzed medical records of all patients submitted to a molecular dignosis (qPCR) for B. pertussis from September 2011 to January 2013. Clinical and laboratorial data were reviewed, including information about age, sex, signs/symptoms, length of hospitalization, blood cell counts, imaging findings, coinfection with other respiratory pathogens and clinical outcome.RESULTS: 222 cases were revised. Of these, 72.5% had proven pertussis, and 60.9% were under 1 year old. In patients aging up to six months, independent predictors for B. pertussisinfection were (OR 8.0, CI 95% 1.8-36.3; p=0.007) and lymphocyte count >104/µL (OR 10.0, CI 95% 1.8-54.5; p=0.008). No independent predictors of B. pertussisinfection could be determined for patients older than six months. Co-infection was found in 21.4% of patients, of which 72.7% were up to six months of age. Adenovirus was the most common agent (40.9%). In these patients, we were not able to identify any clinical features to detect patients presenting with a respiratory co-infection, even though longer hospital stay was observed in patients with co-infections (12 vs. 6 days; p=0.009).CONCLUSIONS: Cyanosis and lymphocytosis are independent predictors for pertussis in children up to 6 months old.
Epidemiological profile of exogenous poisoning in children and adolescents from a municipality in the state of Mato Grosso
Authors: Oliveira Felipe Ferreira S. , Suchara Eliane Aparecida
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiology of exogenous intoxications in children and adolescents of Barra Garças, Mato Grosso, from January 2008 to September 2013.METHOD: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective, and descriptive epidemiological study. Data were collected from the Disease Notification System (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação [SINAN]) of the municipality, processed using Microsoft Excel, and evaluated through BIOESTAT statistical software. The variables included were: sex; age; toxic agent; time and place of service; route of administration; circumstance; and classification of intoxication. The age range was established according to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, comprising children aged from 0 to 9 years old and adolescents aged from 10 to 19 years old.RESULTS: A total of 125 cases of accidental exogenous poisoning was registered, including 77 children and 48 adolescents. Food and beverages (38.4%) and drugs (24.0%) were the most common groups of toxic agents responsible for the poisoning. The largest age group affected by intoxication was composed of children aged from 0 to 4 years old (43.2%) and adolescents aged from 10 to 14 years old (19.7%). Regarding the circumstances, intoxication occurred due to suicide attempts (16.8%) and accidental events (23.2%) in adolescents and children, respectively. The study revealed a higher frequency of poisoning in girls.CONCLUSION: Exogenous intoxications occurred predominantly in children up to 4 years old, through the accidental consumption of food or drinks. Thus, the adoption of educational prevention programs for children's family members and caregivers is necessary.
The effect of air pollutants on birth weight in medium-sized towns in the state of São Paulo
Authors: Santos Veridiana de Paula , Medeiros Andréa Paula Peneluppi de , Lima Thaiza Agostini Córdoba de , Nascimento Luiz Fernando Costa
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of air pollution on birth weight in a medium-sized town in the State of São Paulo, Southeast Brazil.METHODS: Cross-sectional study using data from live births of mothers residing in São José dos Campos from 2005 to 2009. Data was obtained from the Department of Information and Computing of the Brazilian Unified Health System. Air pollutant data (PM10, SO2, and O3) and daily averages of their concentrations were obtained from the Environmental Sanitation & Technology Company. Statistical analysis was performed by linear and logistic regressions using the Excel and STATA v.7 software programs.RESULTS: Maternal exposure to air pollutants was not associated with low birth weight, with the exception of exposure to SO2 within the last month of pregnancy (OR=1.25; 95% CI=1.00-1.56). Maternal exposure to PM10 and SO2 during the last month of pregnancy led to lower weight at birth (0.28g and 3.15g, respectively) for each 1mg/m3 increase in the concentration of these pollutants, but without statistical significance.CONCLUSIONS: This study failed to identify a statistically significant association between the levels of air pollutants and birth weight, with the exception of exposure to SO2 within the last month of pregnancy.
Should pediatric parenteral nutrition be individualized?
Authors: Freitas Renata Germano Borges de Oliveira Nascimento , Nogueira Roberto José Negrão , Saron Margareth Lopes Galvão , Lima Alexandre Esteves Souza , Hessel Gabriel
Published: March 2017

INTRODUCTION: Parenteral nutrition (PN) formulations are commonly individualized, since their standardization appears inadequate for the pediatric population. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional state and the reasons for PN individualization in pediatric patients using PN, hospitalized in a tertiary hospital in Campinas, São Paulo.METHODS: This longitudinal study comprised patients using PN followed by up to 67 days. Nutritional status was classified according to the criteria established by the World Health Organization (WHO) (2006) and WHO (2007). The levels of the following elements in blood were analyzed: sodium, potassium, ionized calcium, chloride, magnesium, inorganic phosphorus, and triglycerides (TGL). Among the criteria for individualization, the following were considered undeniable: significant reduction in blood levels of potassium (<3mEq/L), sodium (<125mEq/L), magnesium (<1mEq/L), phosphorus (<1.5mEq/L), ionic calcium (<1mmol), and chloride (<90mEq/L), or any value above the references.RESULTS: Twelve pediatric patients aged 1 month to 15 years were studied (49 individualizations). Most patients were classified as malnourished. It was observed that 74/254 (29.2%) of examinations demanded individualized PN for indubitable reasons.CONCLUSION: The nutritional state of patients was considered critical in most cases. Thus, the individualization performed in the beginning of PN for energy protein adequacy was indispensable. In addition, the individualized PN was indispensable in at least 29.2% of PN for correction of alterations found in biochemical parameters.
Pain assessment scales in newborns: integrative review
Authors: Melo Gleicia Martins de , Lélis Ana Luíza Paula de Aguiar , Moura Alline Falconieri de , Cardoso Maria Vera Lúcia Moreira Leitão , Silva Viviane Martins da
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE: To analyze studies on methods used to assess pain in newborns.DATA SOURCES: Integrative review study of articles published from 2001 to 2012, carried out in the following databases: Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS and Cochrane. The sample consisted of 13 articles with level of evidence 5.DATA SYNTHESIS: 29 pain assessment scales in newborns, including 13 one-dimensional and 16 multidimensional, that assess acute and prolonged pain in preterm and full-term infants were available in scientific publications.CONCLUSION: Based on the characteristics of scales, one cannot choose a single one as the most appropriate scale, as this choice will depend on gestational age, type of painful stimulus and the environment in which the infant is inserted. It is suggested the use of multidimensional or one-dimensional scales; however, they must be reliable and validated.
Indicadores para avaliação de programas educacionais: desafios metodológicos
Authors: Bauer Adriana , Sousa Sandra Zákia
Published: March 2017

Este artigo discute as estratégias metodológicas utilizadas para enfrentar o desafio de estabelecer indicadores para compor a avaliação de impacto de um programa de formação de professores em serviço, o Programa Letra e Vida. Este programa foi implementado na rede de ensino do Estado de São Paulo, no período de 2003 a 2006, com o propósito de aprimorar a prática de professores alfabetizadores atuantes nos primeiros anos do Ensino Fundamental. Antecedendo a discussão procedimental, é apresentada, com base em contribuições da literatura, a noção de indicador, seus tipos e propriedades, bem como os aspectos políticos e técnicos – que estão subjacentes à definição de indicadores – que possam subsidiar a avaliação de programas educacionais.
Prevalence of urinary incontinence and pelvic floor muscle dysfunction in primiparae two years after cesarean section: cross-sectional study
Authors: Barbosa Angélica Mércia Pascon , Marini Gabriela , Piculo Fernanda , Rudge Cibele Vieira Cunha , Calderon Iracema Mattos Paranhos , Rudge Marilza Vieira Cunha
Published: March 2017

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE There is uncertainty in the literature regarding the theory that obstetric events and pelvic floor injuries give rise to lower risk of subsequent urinary incontinence among women delivering via cesarean section than among women delivering vaginally. The objective of this study was to assess the two-year postpartum prevalence of urinary incontinence and pelvic floor muscle dysfunction and the factors responsible for them. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study, conducted in a public university. METHODS 220 women who had undergone elective cesarean section or vaginal childbirth two years earlier were selected. Their urinary incontinence symptoms were investigated, and their pelvic floor muscle dysfunction was assessed using digital palpation and a perineometer. RESULTS The two-year urinary incontinence prevalences following vaginal childbirth and cesarean section were 17% and 18.9%, respectively. The only risk factor for pelvic floor muscle dysfunction was weight gain during pregnancy. Body mass index less than 25 kg/m 2 and normal pelvic floor muscle function protected against urinary incontinence. Gestational urinary incontinence increased the risk of two-year postpartum urinary incontinence. CONCLUSION Gestational urinary incontinence was a crucial precursor of postpartum urinary incontinence. Weight gain during pregnancy increased the subsequent risk of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction, and elective cesarean section did not prevent urinary incontinence.
Internal carotid artery dissection in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV: diagnosis and management
Authors: Nasser Michel , Vega Murilo Bucci , Pivetta Luca Giovani Antonio , Nasser Ana Izabel , Melo Debora Gusmao
Published: March 2017

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) type IV, also known as vascular EDS, is an inherited connective tissue disorder with an estimated prevalence of 1/100,000 to 1/250,000. In EDS type IV, vascular complications may affect all anatomical areas, with a preference for large- and medium-sized arteries. Dissections of the vertebral and carotid arteries in their extra- and intra-cranial segments are typical. The authors report the case of a patient with EDS type IV for whom the diagnosis was established based on clinical signs and who developed internal carotid artery dissection at the age of 44 years. In the absence of a specific treatment for EDS type IV, medical interventions should focus on symptomatic relief, prophylactic measures, and genetic counseling. Invasive imaging techniques are contraindicated, and a conservative approach to vascular complications is usually recommended.
Decision-making for the demolition or adaptation of buildings
Authors: Baker Hannah , Moncaster Alice , Al-Tabbaa Abir
Published: March 2017

This paper considers why the decision may be made either to demolish or adapt existing buildings on brownfield sites and compares real-life decisions to those produced by theoretical design-support tools. Five case studies, including three individual buildings and two master plan sites of multiple buildings, were investigated through interviews with stakeholders. Reasons for retention included heritage value, architectural quality and government incentives, while reasons for demolition included maximising land value, lack of architectural significance and poor building condition. The analysis showed that the theoretical tools were useful for their intended purpose of analysing a portfolio of assets but that they could be improved by providing higher weightings for heritage values and extending the tools to assess different end uses and forms of adaptation. By testing the tools on master plan sites, the paper also identifies urban design variables, such as land efficiency, which would need to be incorporated for this purpose.
Evaluation of the content and the pathogenetic role of cytokines in the peritoneal fluid in patients with deep infiltrative endometriosis
Authors: Tsitskarava Dmitry Z , Yarmolinskaya Mariya I , Selutin Alexandr V , Selkov Sergey A
Published: March 2017

Background. Deep infiltrative endometriosis (DIE) is characterized by the invasion of endometriosis lesions in tissues and organs to a depth of over 5 mm. In recent years, the proportion of infiltrative forms of endometriosis has been steadily increasing. The main clinical manifestations is chronic pelvic pain syndrome and infertility. A key element in the pathogenesis of deep infiltrative endometriosis is an ineffective inflammatory response.Objective. Evaluate the content and the role of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors and chemokines in the pathogenesis of deep infiltrative endometriosis for pathogenetically grounded immunomodulatory therapy.Materials and methods. The present study included 120 women with deep infiltrative endometriosis. In the peritoneal fluid, using IFA determined the level of IL-33, and with the help of running cytofluometry format NEA has estimated the levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IP-10, MCP-1 and growth factors – FGF, TGF-β.Results. In the study of peritoneal fluid of patients with DIE was a significant decrease in the level of IL-2 and IL-10 6.7 times compared to the control group. The level of IL-6 was increased in 1.5 times, as well as the level of IL-33, and was awarded the data link cytokines with the severity of pain. DIE is characterized by increased levels of MCP-1 in 2 times and decrease in IP-10 1.3 times, as well as increased levels of FGF 1.5 times and reduced levels of TGF-β in 1.9 times in comparison with the control group.Conclusion. For effective treatment of DIE and to increase the duration of recurrence-free period actual and pathogenetically justified is the inclusion of a combined treatment of immunomodulatory therapy with recombinant IL-2 aimed at the elimination of immunological disorders in the pelvic cavity.
The use of a synthetic analogue of prostaglandin Е1 misoprostol for induction of labor
Authors: Blagodarniy Gleb V
Published: March 2017

Induction of labor is often used in modern obstetrics. Labor induction methods are quite diverse. Proposed by a large number of labor induction methods, such as medication and non-medication. The growth rate of induced births dictates the need to find an effective and safe method of labor induction. One of the most studied inductors reduce the myometrium are prostaglandins. The review of literature presents data on the mechanism of action of prostaglandin E1 on the myometrium cell, given the characteristics of various methods of labor induction with a synthetic analogue of prostaglandin E1 Misoprostol.
Effects progestogel for postpartum engorgement of the breast
Authors: Alekseev Nikolai P , Тalalaeva Nadejda E
Published: March 2017

Background. Severe breast engorgement can cause substantial discomfort for mothers and interfere with an infant’s ability to feed at the breast.Aim of the study was to clarify the possibility of the influence of percutaneous the progesterone-containing gel (progestogel) to eliminate strong postpartum engorgement of the breast in lactating women.Materials and methods. 23 patients were examined. The progestogel for transdermal therapy in an amount of 2.5-3 g was applied to the breast. Before application and after 20 min application progestogel measured the density of the mammary glands with the help of tonometer.Results. According to our observations, application of 2.5-3g of the progestogel on the breast skin is not leading to reduction of breast swelling, engorgement and tenderness.Conclusions. Transdermal application progestogel does not reduce the degree of engorgement of the mammary glands in the postpartum period.
Diferential dagnosis in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome: methodology and clinical cases
Authors: Nekrasova Ekaterina S
Published: March 2017

In monochorionic twins there exist some specific complications as twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome and selective growth restriction that could have some common features. Also in case of non-immune hydrops of one of the fetuses it could mimic the clinical features of severe twin-to-twin transfusion. In this article we describe three cases of monochorionic twins with different conditions and discuss the best way to differentiate between these diagnoses.
Modern capabilities of reproductive function realization for patients affected by deep infiltrative endometriosis
Authors: Yarmolinskaya Mariya I , Durneva Elena I
Published: March 2017

It is agreed that endometriosis is a disease that has a negative impact on fertility. Factors causing decrease in fertility in patients with endometriosis are very diverse: peritoneal factors, including changes in peritoneal fluid, adhesions, changes in anatomy of pelvis and impaired properties of peritoneum which may also lead to the tubal factor of infertility; ovarian factors which are linked with endocrine and ovulatory changes and lead to disturbance in oocyte quality and quality of embryos; factors leading to implantation disturbances. There are different types of strategies for overcoming infertility, caused by endometriosis: medication therapy, surgical treatment and/or methods of IVF. Cases that are presented in this article are not a routine practice and most likely are an exclusion, but they serve as examples of conceiving of women with hypergonadotropic ovarian insufficiency and reduced ovarian reserve with the use of their own oocytes after longtime and combined treatment of severe forms of infiltrative and extragenital endometriosis with unordinary approach to drug therapy.
I.I. Yakovlev, 120 years since the birth
Authors: Aylamazyan Edvard K
Published: March 2017

The article is devoted to the 120th anniversary of the birth of I.I. Yakovleva - outstanding Russian obstetrician-gynecologist, a teacher, a scientist; are the main stages of his scientific-practical and pedagogical activity and characteristics of the main scientific works.
Cold stratification complements cold water in enhancing the germination of Juniperus procera seeds
Authors: Lemessa Debissa , Lemessa Debissa , Negussie Hailu , Melesse Seid , Didita Motuma
Published: March 2017

Enhancing seed germination is a fundamental step for conservation of plant genetic resources but less is understood specifically for endangered native and endemic tree species in the tropics.

We examined how cold stratification and application of different treatments impact the germination of Juniperus procera seeds. We collected seeds from nine different altitudes of Managesha forest, Oromia region, Ethiopia. The seeds were stored in gene bank at -10oC for four years for cold stratification as a dormancy breaking method. We employed three treatments: cold water, 70oC hot water and 100 ml of 1% H2O2 to setup germination experiment in completely randomized design with four replications (50 seeds each). The germinated seeds were counted every fifth day until no more germinated seeds were observed. We analyzed data using two-way ANOVA and the significant for mean difference among altitudinal gradients was computed with Tukey HSD tests. The germination percent from cold stratified and moistened in cold water was higher than either from control, soaking in 70oC hot water or applying 1% H2O2 solution. Moreover, the germination percent varied among the altitudinal gradients for all the three treatments. At some altitudes, the germination was higher or lower consistently throughout control and the three treatments. The variations in altitudinal gradient and the associated environmental factors have triggered the differences in germinability of J. procera seeds. Our overall results suggest that cold stratification can complement cold water to break the dormancy and enhance the germination of J. procera seeds.
Antibacterial activity, metabolites and elemental analysis of Saussurea candicans C. B. Clarke
Authors: Puri Shweta , Sidhu M.C. , Sharma Avantika
Published: March 2017

Phytochemical analysis of ethanol and water extracts of Saussurea candicans has indicated the presence of flavonoides, phenolics, tannins etc. that supports its use in traditional medicine both for human and animals in different parts of the world. S. candicans is a plant of medicinal interest hence selected for analysis. Antibacterial activity of the two extracts was tested against Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Only the ethanol extract was found to be effective. Both aqueous and ethanol extracts were prepared and studied for different phytochemicals like alkaloids, flavonoides, phenolics, steroids etc. and also for their antibacterial activity using agar well diffusion method. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF) spectroscopy of whole plant powder were done to study the functional groups and elemental profile, respectively. The aqueous extract contains more (11) phytochemicals as compared to ethanol (9). No zone of inhibition was observed at different volumes of the extract i. e., 20μl, 50μl and 100μl but at 150μl and 200μl concentration of 230.7 mg/ml plant extracts, the zone of inhibition was reported. The dose of 150μl concentration active only against E. faecalis, whereas, 200μl concentration showed activity against all bacterial strains. Only the ethanol extract had antibacterial activity against all the tested bacteria. The medicinal activity of S. candicans is assumed to be because of the presence of different phytochemicals and elements. Further study can be conducted to understand the role of each and every reported phytochemicals and elements. 
Linking Public Health and Individual Medicine: The Health Policy Approach of Surgeon General Thomas Parran
Authors: Sledge Daniel
Published: March 2017

Surgeon General Thomas Parran Jr was once viewed as a path-breaking leader, but his legacy is now highly contested. Scholars of national health insurance have viewed Parran as an impediment to government-backed insurance, and revelations about his role in the Tuskegee Study and in the Public Health Service’s experiments in Guatemala have cast a shadow over his career. Surgeon General from 1936 to 1948, Parran led the Public Health Service during the development of key features of the modern American health system and was involved in critical debates over the role of the national government in health. I argue that Parran is best understood not as an opponent of insurance but as the proponent of an approach to health policy that sought to link public health and individual medicine. A pragmatic bureaucrat, Parran believed that effective policymaking required compromise with the American Medical Association.
Correction of Selection Bias in Survey Data: Is the Statistical Cure Worse Than the Bias?
Authors: Hanley James A.
Published: March 2017

In previous articles in the American Journal of Epidemiology (Am J Epidemiol. 2013;177(5):431–442) and American Journal of Public Health (Am J Public Health. 2013;103(10):1895–1901), Masters et al. reported age-specific hazard ratios for the contrasts in mortality rates between obesity categories. They corrected the observed hazard ratios for selection bias caused by what they postulated was the nonrepresentativeness of the participants in the National Health Interview Study that increased with age, obesity, and ill health. However, it is possible that their regression approach to remove the alleged bias has not produced, and in general cannot produce, sensible hazard ratio estimates.

First, we must consider how many nonparticipants there might have been in each category of obesity and of age at entry and how much higher the mortality rates would have to be in nonparticipants than in participants in these same categories. What plausible set of numerical values would convert the (“biased”) decreasing-with-age hazard ratios seen in the data into the (“unbiased”) increasing-with-age ratios that they computed? Can these values be encapsulated in (and can sensible values be recovered from) one additional internal variable in a regression model? Second, one must examine the age pattern of the hazard ratios that have been adjusted for selection. Without the correction, the hazard ratios are attenuated with increasing age. With it, the hazard ratios at older ages are considerably higher, but those at younger ages are well below one. Third, one must test whether the regression approach suggested by Masters et al. would correct the nonrepresentativeness that increased with age and ill health that I introduced into real and hypothetical data sets.

I found that the approach did not recover the hazard ratio patterns present in the unselected data sets: the corrections overshot the target at older ages and undershot it at lower ages.
Health Equity and the Fallacy of Treating Causes of Population Health as if They Sum to 100%
Authors: Krieger Nancy
Published: March 2017

Numerous examples exist in population health of work that erroneously forces the causes of health to sum to 100%. This is surprising. Clear refutations of this error extend back 80 years. Because public health analysis, action, and allocation of resources are ill served by faulty methods, I consider why this error persists.

I first review several high-profile examples, including Doll and Peto’s 1981 opus on the causes of cancer and its current interpretations; a 2015 high-publicity article in Science claiming that two thirds of cancer is attributable to chance; and the influential Web site “County Health Rankings & Roadmaps: Building a Culture of Health, County by County,” whose model sums causes of health to equal 100%: physical environment (10%), social and economic factors (40%), clinical care (20%), and health behaviors (30%).

Critical analysis of these works and earlier historical debates reveals that underlying the error of forcing causes of health to sum to 100% is the still dominant but deeply flawed view that causation can be parsed as nature versus nurture. Better approaches exist for tallying risk and monitoring efforts to reach health equity.
Satélites, cable, redes: Un nuevo panorama para la producción de televisión educativa
Authors: Salinas Jesús
Published: March 2017

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DTTE: Una experiencia de aprendizaje colaborativo a través del correo electrónico
Authors: Pérez i Garcias Adolfina
Published: March 2017

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Enseñanza flexible, aprendizaje abierto. Las redes como herramienta para la formación
Authors: Salinas Ibáñez Jesús M.
Published: March 2017

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Estrategias de moderación como mecanismo de participación y construcción de conocimiento en grupos de discusión electrónicos
Authors: Espinosa Villarreal Mónica
Published: March 2017

Esta investigación explora la aplicación de diferentes niveles de moderación en grupos de discusión electrónicos con el objetivo de lograr la participación y la construcción de conocimiento en los mismos. La investigación pretende contestar las siguientes preguntas: ¿existe diferencia en la percepción que tienen los participantes de grupos de discusión electrónicos que reciben diferentes niveles de moderación? ¿existe diferencia en la frecuencia de participación entre grupos de discusión que reciben diferentes niveles de moderación? ¿existe diferencia en los niveles de cadena alcanzados y el tamaño de los mensajes entre grupos de discusión electrónicos que reciben diferentes niveles de moderación? ¿qué niveles de construcción de conocimiento se manifiestan en grupos de discusión electrónicos que reciben diferentes niveles de moderación? Para contestar las preguntas de investigación se realizó un experimento que involucró tres grupos de discusión electrónicos que recibieron diferentes niveles de moderación: alta, mediana y nula. Los resultados del experimento indican que la percepción de los participantes acerca del grupo de discusión electrónico no tiene variación por el hecho de recibir moderación, sin embargo se comprobó que ésta es un incentivo importante para fomentar la participación en el grupo y para aumentar los niveles de cadena de los mensajes, que sugieren que existió una mayor interacción entre los participantes. Se comprobó también que la moderación ayuda a llegar a niveles más avanzados en cuanto a construcción de conocimiento, aunque no se obtuvo una construcción de conocimiento sustancial durante el experimento. Los resultados también indican que la moderación no influye en el tamaño de los mensajes en un grupo de discusión electrónico.
Tendencias educativas para el siglo XXI. Educación virtual, online y @learning. Elementos para la discusion
Authors: Cardona Ossa Guillermo
Published: March 2017

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Ciencia, tecnología y cultura y su impacto educativo
Authors: Grajeda Lechuga Gustavo , Padilla Delgado Pedro , Cerda Martínez Plácido
Published: March 2017

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Las maquetas y los modelos tridimensionales como auxiliares didácticos para la enseñanza de la topografía y el riesgo
Authors: Paz Gómez Óscar , Márquez Gurri Raimundo , Brown Manrique Oscar , Semionovna Babiy Larisa
Published: March 2017

Las maquetas constituyen excelentes medios didácticos para la enseñanza de diferente disciplinas y asignaturas técnicas, pues nos brindan una representación muy aproximada a la realidad objetiva, pudiéndose hacer sus representaciones a través de planos y en un ordenador como elemento simulador a través de su representación en modelos tridimensionales del terreno, los cuales ofrecen la posibilidad de llevarnos a través del empleo de novedosas tecnologías que nos permiten adentrarnos en el amplio mundo de la informatización de la ciencia (Pérez,López yGonzález,1998).En el presente trabajo damos a conocer la utilización de las maquetas en la enseñanza de la Topografía y el Riego con el empleo de ambas técnicas.
Internet en el aula: a la caza del tesoro
Authors: Adell Jordi
Published: March 2017

Una caza del tesoro es un tipo de actividad didáctica muy sencilla que utilizan los docentes que integran la Internet en el currículum. Consiste en una serie de preguntas y una lista de direcciones de páginas web de las que pueden extraerse o inferirse las respuestas. Algunas incluyen una “gran pregunta” al final, que requiere que los alumnos integren los conocimientos adquiridas en el proceso En este texto se explica qué es una caza del tesoro, sus potencialidades didácticas, dónde encontrar cazas ya preparadas en la Internet y cómo prepararlas nosotros mismos, en función de nuestros objetivos curriculares.
Los métodos productivos y su vinculación con el ordenador. "Una experiencia en circuitos electrónicos I"
Authors: León Montoya José
Published: March 2017

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Internet en el aula: las WebQuest
Authors: Adell Jordi
Published: March 2017

Una WebQuest es un tipo de actividad didáctica basada en presupuestos constructivistas del aprendizaje y la enseñanza que se basa en técnicas de trabajo en grupo por proyectos y en la investigación como actividades básicas de enseñanza/aprendizaje. Su mecánica es relativamente simple y nos remite a prácticas bien conocidas y asentadas de trabajo en el aula. En una WebQuest se divide a los alumnos en grupos, se le asigna a cada uno un rol diferente y se les propone realizar conjuntamente una tarea, que culminará en un producto con características bien definidas. Para ello seguirán unproceso a través de varios pasos o fases, planificado previamente por el profesor, durante el cual los alumnos realizarán una amplia gama de actividades como leer, comprender y sintetizar información seleccionada de la Internet o de otras fuentes, organizar la información recopilada, elaborar hipótesis, valorar y enjuiciar ideas y conceptos, producir textos, dibujos, presentaciones multimedia, objetos físicos, manejar aparatos diversos, entrevistar a sus vecinos, etc. Durante el proceso, el profesor les propondrá el uso de diversos recursos, generalmente accesibles a través de Internet, comunes a todos los miembros del grupo y/o específicos al rol desempeñado en el grupo y, cuando sea necesario, una serie de ayudas o andamios de recepción, transformación y producción de información que les ayudarán a asimilar y acomodar la nueva información y a elaborar el producto final. Además, los alumnos conocerán de antemano las pautas o rúbrica mediante la cual será evaluado su trabajo, tanto el producto final como el proceso de su elaboración. En el presente artículo se explica con cierto detalle qué es una WebQuest, por qué son estrategias interesantes para nuestra clase, dónde encontrarlas en Internet y cómo diseñar nuestras propias WebQuest.