bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Lateral Extrusion of Spline Form Based on the Software DEFORM-3D
Authors: Altinbalik Tahir , Bingöl Sedat , Ayer Önder
Published: January 2015

Lateral extrusion, sometimes called injection upsetting, offers a product with central boss section having complete or segmented protrusions. Collar flanges, spur gear forms, spline or taper with shaft are examples of the products of produce by lateral extrusion. The aim of this study is to investigate the lateral extrusion of gear-like spline form in terms of forming load and load die filling ratio and comparison the results with those results obtained from a commercially FEM based programme named DEFORM-3D. A series of experiment has been carried out using solid lead billets with two different billet diameters and two different billet heights. Experiments were carried out by using a hydraulic press of which capacity 150 metric tons. Load-stroke relations and die filling ratios are obtained both theoretically and experimentally. It is obviously shown that the results obtained from the DEFORM-3D could be used for simulating of the deformation process.
The Cloud Computing and the Application of Cloud Computing in the Telecommunication Enterprise
Authors: Yang Jian Ning , Yang Jian Kun , Lin Kun
Published: January 2015

Cloud computing is a new computing technology and IT service providing method. It development evolved with distributed computing, parallel computing, high-speed network technology. Cloud computing provide robust, high efficiency service capabilities by centralizing management and overall dispatch service resource, and providing services for end users through the consistency of virtual environment have undergone profound changes. It in the service ability of organization and service delivery methods. As the telecommunication enterprise, either from their own business operation system support needs, or from a provider of the high speed network services and integrated information service will benefit from the development of cloud computing.
Numerical Solution of the Nonlinear Wave Equation via Fourth-Order Time Stepping
Authors: Lahiji Mohammadreza Askaripour , Aziz Zainal Abdul
Published: January 2015

Some nonlinear wave equations are more difficult to solve analytically. Exponential Time Differencing (ETD) technique requires minimum stages to obtain the required accurateness, which suggests an efficient technique relating to computational duration that ensures remarkable stability characteristics upon resolving the nonlinear wave equations. This article solves the non-diagonal example of Fisher equation via the exponential time differencing Runge-Kutta 4 method (ETDRK4). Implementation of the method is demonstrated by short Matlab programs.
Decreasing of Thermal Losses of the Light-Weight Building Envelope
Authors: Zhilina Tatyana
Published: January 2015

Method of active thermal action on zone of thermo-conductive inclusions by use of direct heat flow has been discussed.
The Cooling Principle of the LED Finned Radiator and its Heat Dissipation Theory Analysis
Authors: Li Ke , Liu Jian Ming , Zhang Xin
Published: January 2015

Human demand for energy is increasing, non-renewable energy storage on Earth drastic drop in the new energy is in exploring the application stage, humans had to find a way for existing energy saving. LED (Light Emitting Diode) as a fourth-generation light source and its high photoelectric conversion efficiency, environmental protection, long life, the application of many changes and other advantages of the various countries on the national lighting issues[1].This paper explore the cooling area, the material and Presence of heat pipe 's Influence on the heat sink effect. Length of the heat pipe 's affect on heat pipe fin type radiator cooling effect.
SEM-EDS Analysis of Composite Al2O3-ZrO2 Ceramics Eroded with SiC Particles
Authors: Grilec Kresimir , Curkovic Lidija , Majic Renjo Marijana , Jakovljevic Suzana , Sakoman Matija , Sladojevic Milan
Published: January 2015

In this paper, composite Al2O3–t-ZrO2ceramics (composition: 95 wt. % Al2O3– 5 wt. % t-ZrO2and 90 wt. % Al2O3– 10 wt. % t-ZrO2) was formed by slip casting in plaster mould. After drying, green bodies were sintered in laboratory electric kiln under air environment at a temperature of 1650 °C.Erosive wear resistance of sintered monolithic Al2O3and composite Al2O3–t-ZrO2ceramics was determined by SEM analysis of the sample surface morphology before and after erosion at impact angle of 90° and SiC as erodent particles. Surface morphology analysis after erosion showed that wear scars were significantly larger on Al2O3than on Al2O3–t-ZrO2samples. All conducted tests showed that tribological properties of monolithic Al2O3can be improved with the addition of t-ZrO2.
Lightweight Gypsum-Based Material, Foamed by Lime Dust and Acid Agent
Authors: Nazmunnahar Mst , Vimmrova Alena
Published: January 2015

Lightweight gypsum materials foamed by the help of stone dust were investigated. Lightweight material prepared from the gypsum as a main binder and foamed by stone dust and acid agent. The materials with the bulk density are 607 kg/m3, compressive strength about 1.3 MPa and thermal conductivity was prepared. Basic physical, mechanical and thermal properties were investigated.
Research of Soldering Silicon Substrate with Solder Type Sn-Ag-Ti
Authors: Koleňák Roman , Prach Michal
Published: January 2015

The work deals with soldering of silicon substrate with active solders designated S-Bond 220-1, 220-50 and 220-M. Soldering was performed with power ultrasound in the air without flux application at temperature 250 to 280 °C. The results of EDX analysis have shown that active elements as Ti, Ce and Mg support wetting of Si substrate and thus assure the joint formation. Strength of joints was studied by shear test. The highest strength was achieved with S-Bond 220-1 solder. The strength of joints fabricated with S-bond solders on Si substrate varied from 23 to 38 MPa.
The Study of Cement Composites with Inbuilt Hazardous Waste
Authors: Dohnalkova Bozena , Drochytka Rostislav , Hodul Jakub , Hodna Jana
Published: January 2015

This paper is the first stage of the research with the aim to identify the type of hazardous waste with the most critical production within the Czech Republic and to find the optimal composition of the cement matrix that will ensure maximum content disposal of this chosen hazardous waste. The part of the project solution will be also to define suitable testing procedure that will verify the stability of this cement composite and the impact of the inbuilt hazardous waste on the cement matrix properties.
Selected Properties of Fiber Concrete after Heat Loading
Authors: Válek Jaroslav , Novosad Petr
Published: January 2015

The aim of the research was to test basic properties of fiber reinforced concrete with PP fibers and cement matrix subjected to heat load of various intensity. Behavior of fiber reinforced concrete was observed in particular from the point of view of change of physico-mechanical properties and microstructure after exposure of test samples to different level of heat load. Volume weight, compressive strength, tensile bending strength, splitting tensile strength and strength in tension of surface layers of concrete were observed.
Synthesis of α-Hydroxy Amides
Authors: Lu Dong Ming , Li Zhi Jie , Li Feng Jiao , Zeng Qing Le
Published: January 2015

α-Hydroxy amides are a class of important intermediates in organic synthesis. It plays an important role in the field of science and medicine. However, the preparation methods of α-hydroxy amides are relatively few, and they are usually enzyme-or Lewis acid-catalyzed reactions. These types of methods are not ideal in operation, yield and/or stereoselectivity. We found a new way to synthesize α-hydroxy amides by transforming amino acids into α-hydroxyl acids, and then by amination of the α-hydroxy acids.
An Improved Print-Scan Resistant Watermarking Scheme
Authors: Guo Wei , Qi Wen Fa
Published: January 2015

As an improvement of Cheng etal.’s print-and-scan (PS) digital watermarking scheme, the proposed method solves the data extraction failure problem caused by pixel displacement. We propose to embed the watermark into the middle band of DCT coefficients based on the fact that the mean of DCT coefficients (MDC) is zero before and after PS. Besides, a mapping method is designed which can distribute the change of average to the original image pixels according to the local complexity. Meanwhile, we use the JND model mentioned in Cheng et al.’s scheme to guarantee the visual quality. Extensive experiments show that the proposed scheme is effective to resist PS, and the performance of the proposed scheme is better than that of Cheng et al.’s scheme.
Researches on Text Image Watermarking Scheme Based on the Structure of Character Glyph
Authors: Liu Yu Xin , Guo Wei , Qi Wen Fa
Published: January 2015

For the poor robustness of current text watermarking schemes, this paper proposed a text watermarking scheme based on the structure of Chinese character glyph. In this method, the different glyphs of character with same semantic is constructed by modifying the connections of Chinese character strokes located on the junction point of skeleton curve, which represents the different digital watermarking information bit strings. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed scheme is effective to resist print-and-scan, copy, photograph attacks etc. It can achieve the purpose of hiding information in paper documents and can be used for information tracking.
A Blind Watermarking Algorithm Using DWT and DCT Techniques for Color Image
Authors: Guo Qian , Chen Guang Xue , Luo Jian , Chen Qi Feng
Published: January 2015

In this paper, a robust watermarking technique which combines features of Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT) and Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT) is proposed. Firstly the original color image is converted from RGB space to Lab space. In this technique, DWT is used to decompose the luminance coefficients into various frequency and time scale. The block DCT is applied on DWT coefficients of middle frequency to provide high level of robustness. The encrypted watermark is embedded in it by comparison of the intermediate frequency coefficients. Then the color image is converted from Lab space to RGB space to get the watermarked image. Extracting the watermark does not need the original image and the original watermark, it is a blind watermarking method. Finally, the watermarked image is attacked. Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) value and the normalized correlation (NC) coefficient value are used to evaluate this technique. Simulation experiments show that the watermark is perceptually invisible, this method can achieve the highest possible robustness without losing the transparency.
Design Study of Two-Dimensional Anti-Counterfeiting Code Based on Moirés Mechanism
Authors: Wang Hai Wen , Li Jie , Xu Zhong Guo
Published: January 2015

Two dimensional code security system can be used to encrypt the user is decoded product, inspection by anti fake system or mobile phone software, can be genuine security information products. The Fourier transform of the amendment in the two-dimensional code patterns on the basis, transforming it into the function value is input to the server system. After a raster image processor (RIP) to draw the value of Bessel curve fitting, and tend to image in a plurality of sine function description, at the same time using the Visual Basic to draw a sinusoidal function diagram, the output image information two-dimensional code generation. Finally, through the internal matching storage printing output pattern and server security code information, you can verify the authenticity of products. It provides a simple and convenient method, and accurate for the commodity information traceability and product anti-counterfeiting identification.
Design and Implementation of Geometric Invariant Zero-Watermarking in Digital Copyright Protection
Authors: Xu Xiao Yan , Wang Qiang
Published: January 2015

Digital copyright protection is a bottleneck in the cross-media industry currently. In this paper, image normalization technique is used to map image into a geometric invariant space. Then, important area is extracted from the normalized image. At last, important area’s low-frequency DCT coefficients and watermark image are used to construct copyright information. Simulation results show that, without changing original image data, the proposed scheme is robust to geometric attacks and some conventional signal processing attacks. Hence it provides an effective solution for high reliability copyright protection.
Creation Method of High Dynamic Range Image Based on Three-Color Camera
Authors: Li Jie , Wang Hai Wen , He Xi Xi
Published: January 2015

The current HDR (High-Dynamic Range) images gets expensive display devices with low dynamic range of equipment problems, research objectives are presented methods for using ordinary camera fetching and displaying high dynamic range images. General three-color camera’s use is to obtain 3 different exposures of the same scene images, and binary image pyramid, followed by low-level image panning and rotation registration step by step, using HDR Darkroom Photomatix software obtains high dynamic range images ,tone mapping and detail enhancement, using Photoshop software to fine-tune to get the final high-dynamic range images. Visual evaluation and instrumental measurements shows the synthesis of high dynamic range images can increase reflects the brightness of the scene, details and colour information, application and promotion of the value of the method.
Image Tone Transformation Based on Block Segmentation and the Statistical Characteristics of Gray-Levels
Authors: Wang Hong Guo , Jin Yang , Miao Pei Lei
Published: January 2015

Loss of gray level is a usual phenomenon in tone transformation of digital image. In order to improve the effect of tone transformation, original image is segmented into blocks, which consist of some pixels. In tone transformation, average value of gray levels, which belong to the pixels of every image block, is computed. According to the different average values of image blocks, different curve for the tone transformation is selected and the pixels of the block are processed correspondingly. If the transformation curves for the processing are enough, the loss of gray level is relative fewer. Although some of the gray levels of different image block are lost, but the lost gray levels of different image block are disperse and are not always coincident. Therefore, compared with the tone transform with one single curve for whole image, the loss of the gray level in image, which is transformed with block-segmentation and with different curves, is much fewer and the quality of processed image is relative better. The principle, as well as the algorithm is described, and the results of processed images are analyzed.
Application of Object-Based Image Processing Technique in Printing Defect Online Detection
Authors: Liu Shu Feng , Shen Shao Hong
Published: January 2015

In this paper ,a color printing defect automatic online detection method based on digital image processing technique is proposed. The main idea of this method is comparison of defect product and template and it makes up of following key models. Firstly, multi-scale segmentation is applied to composed image which is overlaid by detecting product and template image. Secondly, an automatic region similarity analysis calculation is taken to segmentation obtained in multi-scale segmentation. The color difference between detecting product and template can be calculated accurately. Thirdly, defect detection results can be obtained according to threshold segmentation. Finally, the characteristics and advantages are approved by experimental analysis and discussion. Algorithm parameters are adjusted and modified to improve the stability and effectiveness. Experimental results approve that color printing defect automatic detection method in this paper has the characteristics of effectiveness and applicability. And experimental results indicate that this method has the advantage of judging the defect types automatically.
Method of Paper's Disease Denoising Base on Adaptive with Threshold Wavelet Transform
Authors: Shi Ya Juan , Li Feng Tao
Published: January 2015

This paper proposed an improved method based on adaptive with threshold wavelet transform denoising, according to image is often affected by noise pollution in the process of acquisition and transmission, compared with the advantages and disadvantages of traditional digital filtering method. It extracts the structure information and details of the image. It can adaptively select wavelet transform of optimal decomposition level and soft threshold to achieve the optimal noise reduction effect. The Simulation results demonstrate that this theory can effectively filter Gaussian noise and Salt and pepper noise, at the same time well protect the image details and achieve better visual effects.
A Study of Semantic Query Expansion Based on Domain Ontology and Local Co-Occurrence Probability Model
Authors: Ning Wu Xia , Wang Qiang , Li Jin Kai , Wang Feng
Published: January 2015

Keyword-based online book retrieval can not fully understand the user's query intent. Query expansion is a typical solution, but the rate of recall and precision is still very low in existing methods. In response to these problems, this paper presents a semantic query expansion method based on domain ontology and local co-occurrence probability model. First, ontology reasoning and concepts related calculation are used to obtain the initial expansion terms. Furthermore, the local co-occurrence probability model is used to filter the candidate expansion terms and the filtering function is used for secondary selection. Experiment results show that this method can effectively improve retrieval efficiency.
Method of Reproducing Three-Dimensional Oil Paintings
Authors: Chen Chen , Chen Guang Xue , Yu Zhao Hui , Wang Zhao Hui
Published: January 2015

A new method of reproducing oil paintings is presented in this paper. Implemented by 3D printing, this method can duplicate oil paintings with embossing effect as the same as the stereo brushstrokes in the original paintings. Firstly we use a laser scanner to detect the surface morphology and establish the 3D model of the painting. Next we analyze the UV ink thickness of the UV LED flatbed printer. After these experiments, a slicing strategy was proposed for 3D printing. Lastly, the 3D reproduction is printed by the UV LED flatbed printer.
Speedup Method for Paper-Based 3D Color Printing Based on STL File
Authors: Yuan Jiang Ping , Chen Guang Xue
Published: January 2015

Most paper-based 3D color printers are plagued by the problem of slow printing speed, which is caused by the double-sided coloration for A4 office paper during the printing process. In order to resolve this issue, we propose a new fast and reliable coloration algorithm using geometric information in STL file, given the existing slicing methods. During the entire process, the colored surface is determined by D value that represents the positive or negative slope of layer in the 3D model after slicing. Colored inks with corresponding permeability are used to print single-sided or double-sided to accelerate the printing speed. For the given 3D models, the efficiency of the speedup is discussed and qualitatively analyzed. The results show that the proposed algorithm can increase the printing speed of paper-based 3D color printers, based on the existing materials and apparatus, at a lower cost than the common approaches.
Application of Hybrid UV Curing System in Flexographic Production through 3D Printing
Authors: Guo Chang Long , Huang Bei Qing , Wei Xian Fu
Published: January 2015

 In order to find the suitable materials for the production of flexographic through 3D printing in hybrid light curing system through formula design. Several resins are selected as pre-polymer, prepared for the light-curable ink and tested its viscosity, surface tension, flexibility, curing speed and the volume shrinkage and other properties, to determine the optimal ratio of pre-polymer mixing system through recipe testing, which laid a solid foundation for the materials for the development of flexographic production through 3D printing technology.
Discussion on Application of 3D Printing Technology in Package Printing
Authors: Zhao Chen Fei , Wu Dan Hui
Published: January 2015

The principle of 3D printing technology is based on the basic principle of ink-jet printing. The application of 3D printing in packaging printing is discussed, including printing history, development present situation, the principle, equipment, the advantages and disadvantages of 3D printing. The application of 3D printing in digital printing machine manufacturing and in offset printing plate making and screen plate making is studied. This paper is of great significance for the transformation of the printing industry.
Current Situation and Reflection on Metal Packaging Waste Recycling
Authors: Zhang Wen Yu , Xu Wen Cai , Luo Shi Yong , Zhang Xin Lin
Published: January 2015

Metal packaging waste accounts for about 10% of total packaging waste and possesses the quality of high resource-consumption and high environmental pollution. This paper presents: 1) the design of the production process, based on the core of easy recycling in the metal packaging life cycle; 2) improve the legal framework, strengthen publicity and management, further refine metal packaging waste classification, encourage people participate in recycling through interest, set up model demonstrations; 3) through scientific and technological innovation, advance recycling level to improve the current situation of low recovery, low utilization level.
Study on PE/Inorganic Nano-Antibacterial Packaging Material
Authors: Guo Yun Tian , Huo Li Jiang
Published: January 2015

The paper describes the type and action mechanism of inorganic nano-antibacterial agent, introduces the preparation and test method of PE/ inorganic nano-packaging material. The study gives a classification overview of the development and safety evaluation study on PE/inorganic nano-packaging material. The paper also analyzes problems that currently exist in theory, technology and applications, and points out the way to solve the problems in aspects of security, standardization, multi-functional and industrialization. Finally, foresighted technology development of the study and application of the PE/ inorganic nano-packaging material is made.
Research on SO2 Controlled Release Packaging on the Preservation Performance of ‘Kyoho’ Grapes
Authors: Liu Peng , Li Dong Li , Xu Wen Cai , Fu Ya Bo
Published: January 2015

With the purpose of extending the shelf-life of Kyoho grapes at room temperature (23±1°C), we investigated the effects of two kinds of preservation packaging on Kyoho grapes’ shelf-life: SO2 controlled release packaging (A bag) and A with 1-MCP packaging (A-1-MCP bag), the grapes naked and packaged with LDPE as the control groups. During the experiment, the headspace concentrations, appearance quality, water loss, stem browning, solidity, TSS and TA were tested and analyzed every two days. The experimental results showed that A bags could form a suitable modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) environment and prohibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria of grapes. After 8 days’ storage, the grapes naked and packaged with ordinary LDPE groups had serious stem browning and rot rate. The stem browning index of the grapes packaged with A bags and A-1-MCP bags were level 1 and level 0. And the rot rate was 3.63% and 1.26%, respectively. The appearance and flavor of the Kyoho grapes had commercial values, the preservation effects were apparent.
Antimicrobial Effects of Cinnamon and Rosemary Essential Oils
Authors: Ding Dong Mei , Wang Fang Jie , Liu Xin Xin , Han Chun Yang
Published: January 2015

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) and rosemary essential oil (REO) against 4 food-related microorganisms. The chemical components of CEO and REO were also analyzed by GC/MS. The major active constituents of CEO were cinnamaldehyde (80.010%) and 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde (10.550%), and the major active constituents of REO were 1,8-Cineole (51.783%) and α-Pinene (13.508%).The antimicrobial results indicated that both them display strong inhibition against 4 strains. The combination showed additive efficacy against all tested microorganisms. Thus, our study demonstrated that CEO and REO can be considered potential alternatives to control pathogens and microbial in the food or food packaging material.
Prediction of Quality and Storage Period of Soybean in Small Packages under Different Temperature
Authors: Dong Wen Li , Xiao Wei , Li De Pu , Sun Zhi Hui
Published: January 2015

The variation and dynamics of fat, fatty acid value and dissolution rate of protein of soybean under four storage temperatures conditions were studied. Dynamical model between the value of fatty acid and storage time, storage temperature was build according to the first-order kinetic equation which could predict and control the quality changes of soybeans during storage. The results showed that fat content of soybean and solubility ratio of protein were decreased with the extension of storage but the fatty acid value was increased. The shelf life was predicted according to the change of value of fatty acid during storage. Shelf life prediction model of any temperature between 5~35°C was established used Arrhenius equation and Q10 model and the error rate is less than 10%.
Research on Drying System Based on the Lower Explosion Limit
Authors: Wu Ji Mei , Wu Qiu Min , Li Yan Feng , Xue Zhi Cheng , Zhang Yu Ling , Ma Li E
Published: January 2015

In gravure printing process, it is easy to trigger an explosion for the explosive volatile solvents of drying system accumulated. In this paper, the lower explosion limit (LEL) is introduced to drying system of the gravure press, and the LEL value is calculated. Then added the LEL sensor to the drying system to monitor and control the concentration of gas in the solvent evaporation. Finally, the structure of the drying system is optimized. It is showed that the consumption of the steam is reduced sharply, the drying system has pronounced energy-saving effect, and operated more steadily and more efficiently.
Research of Printing Machine Simulation System Based on Virtual Reality
Authors: Si Zhan Jun , Li Wen Xia , Gu Chong
Published: January 2015

According to complex structure, long production cycle, low efficiency and high training cost of printing machine, the printing machine motion simulation system based on virtual reality is presented. The system used J2205 as the research object and needed Solidworks mechanical modeling software to build 3D models and assemble into the printing machine. Then the assembly was imported into 3Dsmax to map, render and make animation. Through Virtools_Max_Exporter plug-in the digital model was saved as nmo format. After analyzing dynamics principle of printing machine parts, we used script language and the corresponding algorithm provided by Virtools to realize interaction and motion simulation. At last, the system was exported as exe format which can run without Virtools environment. The system realizes the application of Virtools in mechanical industry. Users can 360°view the printing machine, the assembly and printing process. It has an important significance in printing industry, education and training.
Research and Application of Retention Agent in Reversible Thermochromism Materials Papermaking
Authors: Hao Xiao Xiu , Wei Na , Sun Cheng , Yang Shu Hui
Published: January 2015

This paper discusses the effects of different retention agent such as: CPAM, APAM, PAE+CPAM, cationic starch with high degree of substitution and modified starch on the reversible thermochromism materials in anti-counterfeiting paper retention rate, and then determined the optimum dosage of retention agent in the slurry. According to the anti-counterfeit paper color value, the mechanism of reversible thermochromism paper was studied. The experimental results show that when the slurry with retention agent, the reversible thermochromism materials in the anti-counterfeit paper retention increased significantly. This suggests that retention agent in pulp fiber has played the role of bridge and link, thus ensuring the security of reversible thermochromism paper.
Stability and Mechanical Properties of Hard/Soft Latex Blends
Authors: Qin Feng , Li Mu , Li Xiao Yu , Wang Hai Qiao
Published: January 2015

In this contribution, hard/soft latex blends were prepared by mixing proportionable non-crosslinkable hard and self-crosslinkable soft latices. The stability and mechanical properties of latex blends were comparatively studied with the neat latex with high glass transition temperature (Tg). It was found that the calcium ion stability of the latex blends is better than neat hard latex. In addition, the stress at break decreased with the increasing of φs (mass fraction of soft particle in latex blends) and the break elongation increased when φs below 0.8. Meanwhile, the value of tensile stress and break elongation of the hard latex film with coalescing agent, DPnB, additive is between that of the latex blends film with 60% and 70% soft particle. The study on viscoelasticity of the latex films demonstrated that this composite latex can be considered as phase separation blend involving a soft phase filled with hard spheres. The results indicate that the soft latex can serve as the substitution of coalescing agents in water-based ink industry to obtain low or zero VOC ink, without compromise on properties.
Preparation and Application of Fluorescent Inkjet Ink
Authors: Huang Bei Qing , Yang Ling , Wei Xian Fu , Liang Li Juan , Zhang Wan
Published: January 2015

In order to gain the fluorescent inkjet ink with good performance and printing quality, content of fluorescent powder and type of resin were decided by researching fluorescence intensity and attenuation of the ink, and effects of which on the fluorescence intensity and attenuation were discussed. The best proportion of mixed solvent was determined by formula design principle. Eventually ink formula was optimized, and the developed ink was compared and evaluated with the same type of imported ink. For extending the application of fluorescent inkjet ink in the arts, color reappearance ability of the ink and influence arrangement of printing dots on chromatic characteristic were discussed to research the method of acquiring color image using additive method imaging color. The results show that the developed fluorescent inkjet ink has met industry requirements and been reached basic performance indicators of imported ink; Parallel configuration of dots should be adopted during the time of obtaining color image by fluorescent inkjet ink, and the color images can obtain good effect.
Progress of Polyurethane/Acrylate Core-Shell Hybrid Emulsion
Authors: Wu Tao , Xin Xiu Lan , Cheng Xue Hua , Yu Xiao Yan , Yu Yang
Published: January 2015

Polyurethane/acrylate(PUA) core-shell hybrid emulsion as the binder has been widely used into inks recently and the different modifications for it with element reagents and resin reagents are displayed in the article as well. Moreover, the relationship between structure and properties and application of PUA core-shell hybrid emulsion in inks are also put forward in detail. Ultimately, the novel modified materials, rational molecule design and synthetic process were prospected in this review.
Studying the Influence of Surfactants on Acrylate Emulsion
Authors: Yu Yang , Xin Xiu Lan , Xiao Yang , Cheng Xue Hua
Published: January 2015

Alkyl maleic reactive polymeric surfactants (AMRPS) was used to replace traditional anionic emulsifier. The cashew phenol polyoxyethylene ether (CPEO-9/15) was used to replace traditional nonionic emulsifier. The acrylate emulsion was synthesized by semi-continuous and pre-emulsification polymerization technology. The acrylate emulsion was analyzed by particle size analyzer, viscosity analyzer,surface tension,water absorption and thermal stability. The result showed that this surfactants could be reactive in the polymerization process and thus was covalently linked onto the surface of the latex particles of acrylate emulsion. So it was able to improve the stability of polyacrylate emulsion.
Preparation and Study of Ink-Jet Printing of Ag Based Conductive Ink on Paper
Authors: Yang Yu , Cui Yan Yan , Chen Guang Xue , He Ming Hui
Published: January 2015

Compared with the lithography and traditional technology, ink-jet printing technology has huge advantages such as reducing costs, improving production efficiency and reducing environment damage. The silver nanoparticles conductive ink used as core material in ink-jet printing technology has been greatly developed. At present, the conductive inks for printed circuit usually has high sintering temperature, low adhesion, poor mechanical properties, high cost, which limit the further industrial application. In this paper, nano silver pulp was prepared through liquid phase reduction method, and a self-made protective agent ensured that the particle size distribution of silver particles is about 5nm. The above silver pulp was dispersed in the organic resin to get conductive ink with 20% (wt%) silver content. Under 170°Csintering, the electrical conductivity of the ink layer was 1.15×104S/m.
Research on Color Reproduction on the Internet Based on Profile Embedding
Authors: Zhang Ya Nan , Lin Mao Hai
Published: January 2015

People put forward higher requirements for color consistency in color images network transmission at this stage. Aim to the problem of poor color reproduction in color image network transmission, in this paper, based on the analysis of a variety of commonly used Web browser color management model, digital image device profiles are embedded to images are compared and analyzed. The effect of color reproduction that digital images are displayed at monitor and mobile device is measured. Color difference and color gamut are measured before and after embedded profile. A more comprehensive solution that ensure color consistency in the network is proposed through quantitative measurement and subjective evaluation. The experiment result show that the management model that embedded profile has a good compatibility. A true network color management is realized.
Stability Effect of Silver Nanoparticle Colloid
Authors: Li Xin , Gu Ling Ya , Wei Xian Fu , Liu Jiang Hao , Huang Bei Qing , Li Yi Ran
Published: January 2015

To solve the existent stability difficulties in the long term storage of the silver nanoparticle hydrocolloids (AgNPs) , this paper makes a comprehensive investigation on the effects of different synthetic methods which influence the stability of AgNPs. The controlled AgNPs are prepared by two kinds of precursors: silver diamminohydroxide ([Ag (NH3)2]OH ) and silver nitrate (AgNO3 ) respectively precursors;in addition the stability of the AgNPs hydrocolloid is studied by UV-vis; A discovery was found after contrast :the particle sizes of the [Ag (NH3)2]OH precursor based AgNPs hydrocolloid are more uniformed,well controlled and of better dispersibility.this kind of AgNPs exhibits higher stability compared to the AgNO3 precursor based AgNPs hydrocolloid.
Studies on the Relations between Dispersivity and Covering Property of White Water-Based Ink
Authors: Gong Ying , Wei Xian Fu , Guo Chang Long , Huang Bei Qing
Published: January 2015

The white ink commonly serves as render ink in printing, and its covering property (CP), which is assumed to be influenced by the dispersion, plays a key role in color reproduction on the film surface. In order to research on the relations between dispersivity and CP, inks with different dispersion are prepared by changing the preparation process. The inks’ particle size and distribution are tested before it is coated onto the surface of covering property test paper. The morphologies of inks film are studied through SEM to examine the white ink’s dispersion and its influence on CP. The result shows that well dispersed inks have fine particle size and tend to uniformly distribute. There is hardly any agglomeration found on the well dispersed ink’s SEM image which is supposed to account for its high CP.
A Gamut Compression Algorithm Based on the Image Spatial Characteristics
Authors: Liu Ju Hua , Yi Yao Hua , Yuan Yuan , Su Hai , Miao Min Jing
Published: January 2015

Since the traditional gamut compression algorithms will fail to consider the image spatial characteristics, a novel gamut compression method based on the image spatial characteristics is proposed in this paper. At first, the image is compressed by traditional compression algorithm, then the compensation values of lightness and chroma obtained by a high-pass filter are added to the compressed image. Finally, a gamut clipping processing is carried out. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method can not only guarantee the color features, but also preserve the image spatial characteristics quite well.
Benzoylformamides as New Photocaged Bases for Free Radical Photopolymerization
Authors: Xu Rui Xin , Wang Li Jie , He Ming Hui
Published: January 2015

Benzoylformamide (BFA) derivatives are proposed as new photocaged bases. Initially their abilities as photoinitiators to initiate the free radical photopolymerization of acrylic monomers have been investigated. Next, we detail regarding the model photopolymerization in the presence of BFA-dBA (N,N-Dibenzyl-2-oxo-2-phenylacetamide) as a photocaged base. In combination with a benzoyl peroxide initiator, BFA-dBA is able to initiate the amine-mediated redox photopolymerization of acrylates, and photopolymerization rate is markedly enhanced.
A Spectral Improved Neugebauer Equation Model
Authors: Liu Ze Hui , Liu Hao Xue , He Xiao Hui
Published: January 2015

Neugebauer equations are the basic formula in color printing. However, this is a theoretical model. If the printing conditions and complexity of overprinting are not considered, the result obtained by Neugebauer equations will not be very accurate. The Neugebauer equations need to be corrected in practice. There are some methods such as Yule-Nielson correction, Cellular correction, dot gain correction and so on. In order to improve the precision and analyze the cause of errors of Neugebauer equations, a model using a spectral dot gain correction is given in the paper. The dot gain is generally a function of wavelength. Dot gain in each wavelength of a primary is treated in calculating the Demichel equations, and the corrected dot area is used as weighting factors in two color overprint and three color overprint process. The experiment and calculation show that this method can improve the precision of the equations a lot.
Ink Spectrum Data Feature Extraction Research
Authors: Zhang Li Zheng , Li Jin Cheng
Published: January 2015

In the field of printing research, color replication based on spectrum need to solve the issues that how to get cyan, magenta and yellow ink spectrum feature extraction. In this study, based on spectral derivative and spectral image deviation, establish a method to choose special wavelength positions for making up the corresponding relation between ink value and ink spectral reflectivity. The ink scales are printed on papers in the way that the value of the ink dot increase 5% from 0-100%. Ink spectrum reflectivity curves are made up through measuring ink scales. The first-order derivatives of cyan, magenta and yellow ink spectrum reflectivity curves in the range of 380-730nm, in sequence, change smooth at 650nm, 530-560nm, 450nm, and change violently at 530nm, 600nm, 500nm wavelength position. Based on spectral image deviation, the cyan ink spectral wavelength in the range of 630-730nm, the magenta ink spectral wavelength in the range of 500-540nm, include the most information and the least correlation. For the reason that yellow ink spectral images intersect with others, the analysis is combined with first-order derivative of ink spectrum curves. The method proposed in this paper is propitious to get primary ink spectral feature for color spectrum separation.
Optimal Experiment Designs of Color File Based on the Tetrahedron Interpolation Algorithm
Authors: Miao Hong Tao
Published: January 2015

With the fast development of modern printing reproduction method as well as the digital technology, the duplication of print materials has become more and more quickly and convenient. However, the development and promotion of digital technology rose to the new task of reproduction of color. The only way to solve this question is to establish a complete set of color management system.
Control over Hard X-Ray Parameters Using External Temperature Gradient
Authors: Kocharian Vahan , Mkrtchyan Artak , Gogolev Aleksey , Khlopuzyan Sargis , Grigoryan Poghos
Published: January 2015

In order to gain control over hard X-ray (over 30 keV), we have considered the X-ray diffraction in Laue geometry (over 30 keV) from a single crystal of quartz influenced by the temperature gradient. It was experimentally proved that the intensity of the reflected beam can be increased up to 35 times if the X-ray energies are 30 keV and keV for reflecting atomic planes () depending on the value of the temperature gradient. As the temperature gradient increases, the focus moves closer to the crystal and the focal spot shrinks in the diffraction plane.
Diffusion of Hydrogen in Steel by Electron Irradiation
Authors: Larionov Vitalii V. , Tyurin Yurii I. , Nikitenkov Nikolai N. , Dolgov Anton S.
Published: January 2015

The results of the study on hydrogen diffusion through the metal membranes in the process of electrolytic hydrogenation and electron irradiation (energy of 40 keV , the current density is from 3 to 30 mA ) have been presented. It has been established that hydrogen release time from the membrane is determined by the parameters of the electron beam and its duration, and depends on the structure and the phase state of the metal membrane. The analysis of the hydrogen release time was done on a mass spectrometer connected to a vacuum chamber containing an electron gun and an electrolytic cell. The hydrogen diffusion coefficients when exposed to an electron beam were 2-3 times higher than under the same conditions without the electron beam irradiation. The results can be used in the technology of manufacturing of new materials with desired properties.
Features of the Distribution Process of the Electromagnetic Field Frequency Components in the High-Frequency Torch Discharge Plasma
Authors: Lutsenko Yuriy , Miskun Ivan , Zelenetskaya Ekaterina
Published: January 2015

The measurements of axial harmonics distribution of the radial component of the electric field have been made for a torch discharge burning in argon and argon-air mixture. The resonant character of the electric field fourth harmonic attenuation has been found. Using the Saha formula for the two-temperature plasma the electrons concentration and the electrons Langmuir frequency of the investigated plasma discharge have been evaluated.
First Principle Calculations of Diffusion Barriers for Hydrogen in α-Zirconium
Authors: Svyatkin Leonid A. , Koroteev Yury M. , Chernov Ivan P.
Published: January 2015

The results of ab initio calculations of diffusion barriers for a hydrogen atom in zirconium α phase have been presented. The potential barrier and length of the jumps have been obtained for all possible directions of hydrogen diffusion. Also the influence of local lattice distortion caused by the presence of impurity on the height and shape of the barriers has been studied in this work.
Form-Factors of Relativistic Electron Bunches in Polarization Radiation
Authors: Naumenko Gennady A.
Published: January 2015

The formalism of form factors is the basis for the describing the coherent radiation of bunches that comprise relativistic charged particles. The general theory of coherent radiation for synchrotron and bremsstrahlung radiation, when radiation is generated directly by charged particles, but not by the material of a target, was developed long ago. However, there is no general model of coherent radiation for such polarization radiation as transition, diffraction and other types of radiation, when the radiation is generated by the material of a target polarized by the electromagnetic field of relativistic particles. This often causes the misapplication of the form factors of synchrotron radiation to other types of radiation. In this paper, we suggest the simplified algorithm for construction of form factors for different types of polarization radiation of relativistic electrons in the material of a target.
Manifestation of the Spin in the Isotope Effects
Authors: Plekhanov Vladimir G. , Myshkin Vyacheslav F. , Khan Valery A. , Izhoykin Dmitry A.
Published: January 2015

Modern physics distinguishes three fundamental properties of atomic nuclei: mass; spin and related magnetic moment; volume (surrounding field strength), which are the source of isotope effects. The experiments showed that the isotope substitution of the light isotope with the hard one increased the band-to-band transition energy Eg, as well as the exciton binding energy Ebboth in semiconductors and insulators. The representative manifestation of the spin has been observed in photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy in highly enriched28Si crystals with shallow donor P, as well as in the separation of13C and12С isotope in magnetic field.
Laser Activation of Isotope Selective Processes in a Magnetic Field
Authors: Myshkin Vyacheslav F. , Plekhanov Vladimir G. , Bespala Eugeny V. , Khan Valery A. , Ushakov Ivan A. , Baranov Evgeny A.
Published: January 2015

The paper studies the processes occurring in low-temperature plasma in the magnetic field. It shows that the laser excitation of molecular oxygen can increase the fraction of singlet pairs formed as a result of collisions between oxygen and carbon molecules. This facilitates the separation of 12С and 13С isotopes.
Low Pressure Discharge Characteristics in a Large Sized Hollow Cathode
Authors: Koval Tamara V. , Lopatin Ilya V. , Nguen Bao Hung , Ogorodnikov Alexander S.
Published: January 2015

This work presents the experimental and theoretical research of low pressure discharge characteristics in a large sized hollow cathode using treated work pieces. The dependence of discharge voltage on gas pressure and system geometry has been obtained. It is demonstrated that the high plasma homogeneity with concentration up to 1012 cm2 and plasma temperature within the order of 1 eV is obtained. It is shown that the external discharge current enables the independent control of discharge current and its voltage.
Coherent Transition Radiation from Wire Metamaterials
Authors: Naumenko Gennady A. , Bleko Vitold V. , Soboleva Veronika V. , Shumeyko Andrey O.
Published: January 2015

The article discusses the problem of radiation generated during the interaction between the field of relativistic charged particles and metamaterials based on a one-dimensional periodic wire structure. The work includes the experimental study of the reverse coherent transition radiation emitted by these structures in the millimeter wavelength range for two orthogonal directions of radiation polarization. Under the same experimental conditions, authors also compared the intensity of this radiation with the reverse transition radiation from solid conductive targets. The study elucidates the asymmetrical polarization of radiation emitted by a metamaterial wire structure.
Superconducting Cavities in Systems of the Resonant Microwave Pulse Compression
Authors: Artemenko Sergey N. , Kaminsky Valery L. , Samoylenko Gennady M. , Alekseev Boris A.
Published: January 2015

Evaluations for possible using of superconducting materials in high power microwave generators based on the method of the resonant microwave compression were made. As an example the relationship between the power amplification factor and frequency was determined for superconducting rectangular cavities. Capabilities of superconducting cavities as energy accumulators were analyzed. Microwave power value required for feeding superconducting accumulator is estimated. Experimental results of storing and extracting the energy in superconducting cavities are presented.