bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
User Perception of a Smartphone App to Promote Physical Activity Through Active Transportation: Inductive Qualitative Content Analysis Within the Smart City Active Mobile Phone Intervention (SCAMPI) Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lindqvist Anna-Karin , Rutberg Stina , Söderström Emmie , Ek Anna , Alexandrou Christina , Maddison Ralph , Löf Marie
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Physical inactivity is globally recognized as a major risk factor for morbidity, particularly the incidence of noncommunicable diseases. Increasing physical activity (PA) is therefore a public health priority. Engaging in active transportation (AT) is a viable approach for promoting daily PA levels. Mobile health interventions enable the promotion of AT to a larger population. The Smart City Active Mobile Phone Intervention (SCAMPI) study was a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the ability of a behavior change program delivered via a smartphone app to motivate participants to increase their PA by engaging in AT.

OBJECTIVE

This qualitative study aims to examine the acceptance and user experience of the app promoting AT that was used in the SCAMPI trial (the TRavelVU Plus app).

METHODS

A total of 17 residents of Stockholm County (13 women; age range 25-61 years) who completed the 3-month app-based behavioral change program (delivered through the TRavelVU Plus app) in the SCAMPI randomized controlled trial during 2018 agreed to participate in a semistructured telephone-based interview. These participants were well representative of the whole intervention group (n=127) in terms of baseline characteristics such as age, sex, and area of residence. The interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using an inductive qualitative content analysis.

RESULTS

The content analysis revealed 2 themes and 4 subcategories. The first theme, “main motivators: monitoring and messages,” highlighted that monitoring AT and being able to set weekly goals using the app were the primary motivators reported by study participants. The second theme, “acceptable but modifiable,” reflects that the app was well accepted and effectively encouraged many participants to use more AT. Nevertheless, there were functions in the app that require modification. For example, while the semiautomated travel tracking feature was appreciated, participants found it time-consuming and unreliable at times.

CONCLUSIONS

This study contributes novel insight into adults’ experiences of using a mobile app to promote the use of AT. The results showed that the app was well accepted and that self-monitoring and goal setting were the main motivators to engage in more AT. The semiautomated tracking of AT was appreciated; however, it was also reported to be energy- and time-consuming when it failed to work. Thus, this feature should be improved going forward.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03086837; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03086837

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.1186/s12889-018-5658-4
Telemedicine in Germany During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Multi-Professional National Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Peine Arne , Paffenholz Pia , Martin Lukas , Dohmen Sandra , Marx Gernot , Loosen Sven H
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

In an effort to contain the effects of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, health care systems worldwide implemented telemedical solutions to overcome staffing, technical, and infrastructural limitations. In Germany, a multitude of telemedical systems are already being used, while new approaches are rapidly being developed in response to the crisis. However, the extent of the current implementation within different health care settings, the user’s acceptance and perception, as well as the hindering technical and regulatory obstacles remain unclear.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this paper is to assess the current status quo of the availability and routine use of telemedical solutions, user acceptance, and the subjectively perceived burdens on telemedical approaches. Furthermore, we seek to assess the perception of public information quality among professional groups and their preferred communication channels.

METHODS

A national online survey was conducted on 14 consecutive days in March and April 2020, and distributed to doctors, nurses, and other medical professionals in the German language.

RESULTS

A total of 2827 medical professionals participated in the study. Doctors accounted for 65.6% (n=1855) of the professionals, 29.5% (n=833) were nursing staff, and 4.9% (n=139) were identified as others such as therapeutic staff. A majority of participants rated the significance of telemedicine within the crisis as high (1065/2730, 39%) or neutral (n=720, 26.4%); however, there were significant differences between doctors and nurses (P=.01) as well as between the stationary sector compared to the ambulatory sector (P<.001). Telemedicine was already in routine use for 19.6% (532/2711) of German health care providers and in partial use for 40.2% (n=1090). Participants working in private practices (239/594, 40.2%) or private clinics (23/59, 39.0%) experienced less regulatory or technical obstacles compared to university hospitals (586/1190, 49.2%). A majority of doctors rated the public information quality on COVID-19 as good (942/1855, 50.8%) or very good (213/1855, 11.5%); nurses rated the quality of public information significantly lower (P<.001). Participant’s age negatively correlated with the perception of telemedicine’s significance (ρ=–0.23; P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Telemedicine has a broad acceptance among German medical professionals. However, to establish telemedical structures within routine care, technical and regulatory burdens must be overcome.
Meal-time Smartphone Use in an Obesogenic Environment: Two Longitudinal Observational Studies (Preprint)
Authors: Yong Joceline Y Y , Tong Eddie M W , Liu Jean C J
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Despite a large volume of research on the impact of other digital screens (eg, televisions) on eating behavior, little is known about the nature and impact of mealtime smartphone use.

OBJECTIVE

We investigated how smartphones are used in everyday meals, whether phone users differ according to mealtime phone use patterns, and whether specific phone functions (particularly food photography) would affect the amount and enjoyment of food eaten.

METHODS

Across 2 studies, we used the experience sampling method to track 1780 meals in situ. In study 1, a total 137 young adults reported on their mealtime smartphone use 3 times per day over 7 consecutive days. This corresponded to each main meal, with participants recording whether they used their phones and what phone functions they engaged in while eating. In study 2, a total of 71 young adults were similarly tracked for 3 meals per day over 7 days. Across the week, participants’ meals were randomized to 1 of 3 smartphone conditions: food photography while eating, nonfood photography while eating, or no phone use. As the outcome measures, participants reported on the amount and enjoyment of food they ate.

RESULTS

During the week-long tracking, most participants (110/129, 85.3%) recorded at least one instance of mealtime smartphone use, with an average frequency of 1 in 3 meals where phones were used (27.1%; 95% CI 23.6-30.6). Unlike traditional digital screens, mealtime phone use encompassed a wide range of social and nonsocial activities. Further, specific forms of phone use behaviors influenced food intake in different ways. Specifically, in study 2, participants showed the typical pattern of increased food intake across the day when they engaged in nonfood photography during a meal (P<.001); however, this pattern was disrupted when they engaged in food photography (P=.73).

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings underscore the prevalence and multifaceted nature of mealtime phone use, distinguishing mobile phones from traditional forms of digital screens.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03299075; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03299075 and ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03346785; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03346785
Prediction of Prolonged Length of Hospital Stay After Cancer Surgery Using Machine Learning on Electronic Health Records: Retrospective Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jo Yong-Yeon , Han JaiHong , Park Hyun Woo , Jung Hyojung , Lee Jae Dong , Jung Jipmin , Cha Hyo Soung , Sohn Dae Kyung , Hwangbo Yul
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Postoperative length of stay is a key indicator in the management of medical resources and an indirect predictor of the incidence of surgical complications and the degree of recovery of the patient after cancer surgery. Recently, machine learning has been used to predict complex medical outcomes, such as prolonged length of hospital stay, using extensive medical information.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to develop a prediction model for prolonged length of stay after cancer surgery using a machine learning approach.

METHODS

In our retrospective study, electronic health records (EHRs) from 42,751 patients who underwent primary surgery for 17 types of cancer between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2017, were sourced from a single cancer center. The EHRs included numerous variables such as surgical factors, cancer factors, underlying diseases, functional laboratory assessments, general assessments, medications, and social factors. To predict prolonged length of stay after cancer surgery, we employed extreme gradient boosting classifier, multilayer perceptron, and logistic regression models. Prolonged postoperative length of stay for cancer was defined as bed-days of the group of patients who accounted for the top 50% of the distribution of bed-days by cancer type.

RESULTS

In the prediction of prolonged length of stay after cancer surgery, extreme gradient boosting classifier models demonstrated excellent performance for kidney and bladder cancer surgeries (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] >0.85). A moderate performance (AUC 0.70-0.85) was observed for stomach, breast, colon, thyroid, prostate, cervix uteri, corpus uteri, and oral cancers. For stomach, breast, colon, thyroid, and lung cancers, with more than 4000 cases each, the extreme gradient boosting classifier model showed slightly better performance than the logistic regression model, although the logistic regression model also performed adequately. We identified risk variables for the prediction of prolonged postoperative length of stay for each type of cancer, and the importance of the variables differed depending on the cancer type. After we added operative time to the models trained on preoperative factors, the models generally outperformed the corresponding models using only preoperative variables.

CONCLUSIONS

A machine learning approach using EHRs may improve the prediction of prolonged length of hospital stay after primary cancer surgery. This algorithm may help to provide a more effective allocation of medical resources in cancer surgery.
Correction: Undergraduate Medical Students’ Search for Health Information Online: Explanatory Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Loda Teresa , Erschens Rebecca , Junne Florian , Stengel Andreas , Zipfel Stephan , Herrmann-Werner Anne
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Previous research shows that being a “digital native” or growing up in a digital environment does not necessarily lead to increased digital competencies, such as digital health literacy or evaluation of webpage quality.

OBJECTIVE

This study showed how medical students searched for health information online, specifically the recommended testing for histamine intolerance, by comparing the use of various search engines (Google, Medisuch, and a website of the student’s choice) to find out more about search strategies in future health professionals. As Medisuch presents a qualitatively better search engine, we assumed that medical students using this search engine might find valid information faster on more reliable webpages, and might recommend the correct diagnostic steps for histamine intolerance to their patients more often than students using a generic search engine like Google.

METHODS

Medical students in their third year of study were asked to find the relevant diagnostic steps of histamine intolerance online. They were randomly assigned to use one search engine: Google, their personal choice, or Medisuch. Their process of seeking information online was video recorded.

RESULTS

In total, 140 medical students participated in this study. The total number of webpages found did not differ among the groups (P=.52). Students using Medisuch (P=.02) correctly identified the elimination diet as a relevant diagnostic step more frequently. The provocation test was reported by almost half of the students independent of the search engine used. In general, medical students commonly identified trustworthy webpages in all three groups (Google: 36/44, 82%; free choice: 31/36; 86%; and Medisuch: 35/45, 78%).

CONCLUSIONS

The results indicate that medical students were able to find trustworthy health-related information online independent of the search engine used. Medical students that are digital natives seem to have proper internet skills and a knowledge of how to use them. They entered specific medical terms (evidence-based diagnostic steps) or names of reliable webpages (DocCheck) in the search engines to gain correct information. However, it remains to be seen if this behavior can be called true “digital literacy”.
The influence of urease and nitrification inhibitor on loss of N and oil palm harvest in peat
Authors: Riyadi Aldy Slamet , Putra Eka Tarwaca Susila , Hanudin Eko
Published: August 2020

Oil palm is one of intensively planted in Indonesia, large-managed for industrial oil palm. This study aimed to know the influences of urease and nitrification inhibitor on loss of N and oil palm harvest in peat. The research was conducted at Sukamandang Village Coconut Plantation, Seruyan Tengah District, Seruyan Regency, Central Kalimantan Province. The research used a single factor of field experimental method with Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD). Urea and ZA fertilizer were used in this study with the following treatment: N0= Without N, N1= Urea (195 kg.ha-1 N), N2= Urea + 0.12% NBPT-NPPT (195 kg.ha-1 N), N3= Urea (156 kg.ha-1 N), N4= Urea + 0.12% NBPT-NPPT (156 kg.ha-1 N), N5= Ammonium Sulfate (427 kg.ha-1 N), N6= Ammonium Sulfate + 0.8% DMPP (427 kg.ha-1 N), N7= Ammonium Sulfate (324 kg.ha-1 N), N8= Ammonium Sulfate + 0.8% DMPP (324 kg.ha-1 N). The research result indicated that the use of NBPT and DMPP inhibitors did not affect N levels in the leaves and the free fatty acids. Urea + NBPT treatment had no N loss for about 30%–50% which was lower than urea without N, whereas ammonium sulfate + DMPP had smaller N loss than all treatments without N fertilization. Fertilization using urea + NBPT and ammonium sulfate + DMPP increased the production of FFB and yield of oil palm.
Effects of auxin and cytokinin levels on the success of air layering in tea plant clones of GMB 7 and GMB 9 using husk charcoal, cocopeat and moss media
Authors: Widyastuti Ika Betty , Yudono Prapto , Putra Eka Tarwaca Susila
Published: August 2020

The research aimed to propagate tea plants by air layering in order to obtain new plants with shorter immature plants period (TBM), which is 1.5 years, by utilizing wasted branches from routine clean pruning activities in tea plantations. The research was conducted from August 2018 to January 2019 at tea plantation of PT. Pagilaran, Batang, Central Java. Experiment using single factor treatment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The treatment was layering media, consisting of husk charcoal, moss, and cocopeat, which were applied on GMB 7 and GMB 9 clones. The results showed significant effects of the layering media on the levels of auxin and cytokinin in GMB 7. The highest levels were found in the husk charcoal and moss media. Analysis of sucrose, glucose and total sugar as well as the physiological analysis of the air layering roots showed no significant difference in the fresh weight, dry weight, volume, surface area, diameter, and length of the roots. Husk charcoal resulted in the highest success rate of the air layering in GMB 7, which was 100%. Meanwhile, GMB 9 showed significant difference only in the auxin levels. There was no significant effect of layering media on the analysis of sucrose, glucose and total sugar as well as on the physiological analysis of the air layering roots. Both husk charcoal and moss media resulted in the highest success rate of the air layering in GMB 9, which was 58.33%.
PERCEPTION DES VOYELLES NASALES DU FRANÇAIS PAR LES ÉTUDIANTS SERBES DE FLE
Authors: Ignjatović Nataša
Published: August 2020

Dans cet article nous analysons la perception des voyelles nasales du français par les étudiants serbes de FLE, les phonèmes qui n'existent pas dans le système vocalique de la langue serbe et de ce fait représentent souvent les difficultés de perception et de production aux apprenants serbophones. Étant donné que le système perceptif de chaque individu se forme lors de l'acquisuition de la langue maternelle, l'oreille n'est pas habituée à entendre les phonèmes n'existant pas dans la langue maternelle des apprenanats ce qui entraîne les erreurs de perception pendant l'appropriation des sons d’une langue étrangère (Trubetzkoy [1938]2005; Best 1994; Kuhl 2000). Les résultats de la présente recherche montrent que les étudiants serbes de FLE perçoivent et distinguent avec réussite le trait oralité/nasalité tandis qu’ils tendent à remplacer une voyelle nasale par l’autre. Au total, la plus grande réussite est éprouvée dans l’identification de la voyelle nasale [ɔ̃], ensuite [ᾶ] et à la fin [], avec des variations selon la position de la voyelle dans le mot ou selon le groupe d’étudants interrogé.
PLYOMETRIC TRAINING AND SPRINT ABILITIES OF YOUNG BASKETBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Aksović Nikola , Berić Dragana , Kocić Miodrag , Jakovljević Saša , Milanović Filip
Published: August 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of plyometric training on sprint abilities. Young basketball players (N=33, Age=15-16) from OKK "Stari Ras" and OKK "Novi Pazar" from Novi Pazar were divided into two groups: an experimental group (EG, n=16; BH=185.45±8.75cm; BM=76.87±11.51kg) with training experience (TE=4.69 ±1.40 years) and a control group (CG; n=17; BH=184.16±6.93cm; BM=76.87±11.51kg) with training experience (TE=5.53±3.18 years). The EG was made up of the players from basketball team OKK "Stari Ras", who in addition to basketball trainings also took part in plyometric training. The CG was made up of the players from basketball team OKK "Novi Pazar", who at that time only took part in basketball trainings. To assess their sprint abilities, three tests were used: Sprint Speed at 5m (S5m), Sprint Speed at 10m (S10m), Sprint Speed at 20m (S20m). The measurement was done with the help of the photocells "Microgate", a parameter which was monitored and the processed time was read in 1/100s. The experimental program lasted for 10 weeks (2x per week). To determine the effect of plyometric training on the sprint abilities of young basketball players, the analysis of covariance ANCOVA was used. The results showed that the EG group achieved significantly greater progress than the CG group on the tests: S5m and S20m. There was no difference between the EG and CG group on the S10m test. Based on these results we concluded that plyometric training has positive effects on the development of sprint abilities in young basketball players.
FITNESS PARAMETERS AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE CHILDREN AGED SEVEN
Authors: Đošić Anđela , Bratić Marija , Jezdimirović Marko , Purenović-Ivanović Tijana , Živković Danijela , Bratić Milovan
Published: August 2020

The aim of the research was to determine the correlation of morphological characteristics and fitness parameters of overweight and obese boys aged seven. The sample of participants consisted of 198 pupils (boys) aged seven years, from elementary schools from the territory of the city of Niš, Paraćin, Bela Palanka, Leskovac and others, classified as a category with increased body mass or obesity. Morphological characteristics were determined by measuring parameters of longitudinal (3), transversal, (3) circular dimensions (3) and body mass and measurement of subcutaneous fat tissue (3). For the assessment of muscular fitness, body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness, the following tests were used: the plyometric leap, precancer-turn-off, percentage of body fat and Body Mass Index (BMI); a shuttle run test based on the calculated VO2max (L) and VO2max (ml/kg/min) values. A canonical correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between morphological characteristics and fitness parameters. The level of statistical significance was set at .05. The results of the study showed that there is a statistically significant association (p˂.01) between morphological characteristics and fitness parameters in overweight and obese boys aged seven. Participants who have higher values of voluminosity and body width have higher values of fat percentage in the body as well as BMI. Smaller explosive power was found in participants with higher values of skin folds. It has been determined that body mass and voluminosity positively affects the strength of the arm and shoulders, that is, they adversely affect the VO2max values.
THE EFFECTS OF A SPECIFIC TRAINING PROGRAM ON THE KINEMATIC PARAMETERS OF THE JUMP SHOT AMONG ELITE FEMALE HANDBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Marković Kristina
Published: August 2020

The aim of this research was to determine the effects of an eight-week specific training program on the kinematic parameters of the jump shot at 9m from the goal, among elite female handball players. The sample of participants consisted of 30 female handball players (height: 1.73±0.08 m; mass: 69±8.9 kg; body mass index-BMI 22.9±2 kg/m2; training experience: 12.3±6.2 yrs), competing in the first national handball league of the Republic of Serbia. The research was longitudinal in nature, with an initial and final measuring. The experimental treatment included a 30 min replication of the regular training session, with specifically designed exercises (work with medicine balls, stabilizer training, and strength training in a gym). 12 kinematic variables of the jump shop were analyzed using the Kinovea software program, ver. 0.8.2. The analysis of covariance and the effect size (ES) determined a positive effect of the specific program on the kinematic parameters of the jump shot, especially on the variables of height and maximal ball flight velocity.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL NETWORKS AND DIGITAL MEDIA ENGAGEMENT AND STUDENTS´ MOTIVATION TO LEARN ENGLISH
Authors: Šafranj Jelisaveta , Zivlak Jelena , Bojanić Ranko
Published: August 2020

The paper deals with the relationship between social networks and digital media engagement and students' motivation to learn English. The research included 353 engineering students at XXX, who answered the questionnaire which was divided into two parts considering social networks and digital media engagement, and motivation to learn English. An exploratory factor analysis has yielded three distinct factors of social networks and digital media engagement and one factor of motivation to learn English. The research provided empirical confirmation of the existence of the mentioned factors. This four-factor solution was found to be statistically reliable, and it has been shown that factors are positively associated. Moreover, the research findings proved that students' motivation to learn English is more fostered with the need to read, learn and chat than to craft, produce and develop digital and social media content. Students have integral motivation for learning English through social networks and digital media.
MOTIVES, OBSESSION WITH DEATH AND BEHAVIORAL INTENTIONS IN DARK TOURISM
Authors: Dimitrovski Darko , Luković Maja , Senić Vladimir
Published: August 2020

Dark tourism varies in form from other types of tourism in that it involves visiting tragic sites or sites where death of historic significance occurred. This study explores the influence of the main motivators on behavioral intentions of those visiting dark tourism events by examining the impact of learning, socialization, relaxation and escape, emotional response and novelty on behavioral intentions, whilst variable death obsession is set as potential moderator of interdependence between independent variables and dependent variables. The findings suggest that learning, emotional response and novelty have a statistically significant impact on behavioral intentions, while death obsession is not seen as significant moderator. Purpose of research was to determine if death obsession as psychological trait have any influence on relation between motivation and behavioral intention in dark tourism event context.
NEIGHBOURHOOD SAFETY AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN SERBIA: MODERATING ROLE OF A CHILD'S GENDER AND PARENTS' AGE
Authors: Ninković Stefan , Marić Jurišin Stanislava , Malčić Borka
Published: August 2020

The aim of study was to investigate the effects of parents' perceptions of neighborhood safety on outdoor physical activities of preschool children. This was investigated based on a moderating role of a child's gender and parents' age. The results showed that the association of parents’ perceptions of neighborhood safety on outdoor physical activities of children depended of the child’s sex and the parents’ age. Boys whose parents were younger and who positively assessed the neighborhood safety were more inclined to outdoor physical activities. Female children whose parents were below the average age the perceived neighborhood safety hindered frequent outdoor playing. The paper discusses practical implications of the obtained results and recommendations for future research.
READING HABITS AMONGST UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Authors: Perčić Karolina Robert , Vukadinović Lazar Jugoslav
Published: August 2020

Reading habits can be described as continuous lifelong need for gaining new knowledge, and are perceived by individuals as both a necessity as well as a source of satisfaction. The reading habits are the subject of this paper, from the perspective of the students themselves as well as to their frequencies of reading books, newspapers, magazines, and the innovations in the reading process (the use of electronic vs. printed formats). The main reason for the stance that reading is both, a necessity and a source of satisfaction can be found in the fact that reading enables enhancement of personal development, as well as the advancement of the society as a whole. After presenting the results of the secondary research, the results of the empirical research conducted during the months of May and June 2018 will be presented, in particularly as to the descriptive and comparative statistics on the reading habits amongst university students in the Republic of Serbia.
Administração Pública em prol da realização do direito fundamental ao desenvolvimento: o Direito Administrativo Social
Authors: Da Costa Ricardo Schier Adriana
Published: August 2020

Partindo da premissa de que enorme parcela da população ainda carece de acesso aos bens mais essenciais da vida, o presente artigo aborda a necessária efetivação do direito ao desenvolvimento, a partir da compreensão fundada no pensamento de Amartya Sen, que indica tal direito como aquele que confere a cada indivíduo as condições de expandir suas capacidades para gozarem da vida que escolherem. Nesse cenário, refere-se a necessidade de releitura dos papeis do Estado, reconhecendo-se o dever inarredável do poder público de contribuir para o atingimento das metas previstas na Agenda 2030, da ONU. Revisita-se, assim, a ideia de um Direito Administrativo Social, como um novo repensar dos institutos desse ramo do direito público, essencial para a construção de um mundo em que “ninguém seja deixado para trás.”
Comentario sobre los sistemas de precedentes de la Corte Suprema de los Estados Unidos de América
Authors: Soto Flores Armando
Published: August 2020

Comentario genérico sobre el desarrollo y características del sistema de precedentes norteamericano.
Análise da conversa e critérios de textualidade: contribuições de estudos do discurso para pesquisas em sala de aula
Authors: Concário Marcelo
Published: August 2020

Este artigo foi motivado por discussões do autor com cinco alunos de doutorado, nas aulas ministradas em uma disciplina intitulada Language Matters in Science Education, em um programa de pós-graduação de Educação para Ciências no interior do estado de São Paulo. Nos debates sobre análise da conversa e critérios de textualidade, verificou-se que os doutorandos não tinham familiaridade com a temática. Posteriormente, após pesquisa em banco de dados da CAPES, comprovou-se a escassez de produção relacionando tais temas a ensino (de Ciências). Apresenta-se, aqui, uma síntese teórico-metodológica de fundamentos de estudos de discurso centrados em conversação e textualidade, destacando como auxiliam no planejamento e na execução de pesquisas em sala de aula para promover reflexão crítica na formação de professores. Com a inclusão de excertos de dados coletados pelo autor em pesquisas anteriores, são exemplificadas aplicações desses fundamentos. Assim, espera-se que a disseminação de conceitos e procedimentos relacionados a análise da conversa e critérios de textualidade possa contribuir para a formação inicial e continuada de professores, na medida em que respaldam pesquisa interpretativa sobre eventos em sala de aula.
Matemática no ensino médio: dificuldades encontradas nos conteúdos das quatro operações básicas
Authors: Holanda Marcos Douglas M. de , Freitas Izabela Barbosa , Rodrigues Ana Cláudia Da S.
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer as principais dificuldades que os alunos do 2º ano do ensino médio têm quanto às operações básicas do componente curricular Matemática, as quais são ensinadas no início da formação escolar dos discentes. Os sujeitos que participaram da pesquisa foram 98 alunos, situados tanto nas escolas privadas, quanto públicas dos estados de Pernambuco e da Paraíba. O instrumento utilizado para coleta de dados foi um questionário com três questões que apresentavam a utilização de uma ou mais operações matemáticas. Por questões éticas, os sujeitos participantes do trabalho não foram identificados. Após tabulação dos dados do questionário aplicado, constatou-se que mais de 50% dos participantes não acertaram as questões propostas e 57% não responderam questões que envolviam operações matemáticas básicas. Destacamos que pesquisas futuras serão necessárias para verificação dos motivos das dificuldades apresentadas.
THE SÃO TOMÉ CAPE TRANSFER ZONE IN THE CAMPOS BASIN
Authors: Silva Raquel Theodoro Amancio da
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT. This dissertation presents as contribution to the scientific community the compilation of most of the data available on terrestrial and coastal regions of the Campos Basin. Were compiled gravity and magnetic data, geology, seismic-well log interpretation and, information about the depth of the basement from underground water wells. The São Tomé Cape Transfer Zone was characterized as the major tectonic boundary between the Graben of Barra de São João tectonic domain, characterized here as an aulacogen, and the onshore portion of the Campos Basin, which has the volcanic rocks of the Cabiúnas Formation as basement. It was possible to follow the extension of that framework to the marine region, where can be perceived a structural reversal in dip direction of the basement faults. The revaluation of the well CST-001 well data performed by me and Cecília Lana in cooperation allowed the interpretation of a thick sedimentary section in the terrestrial region of the Campos Basin, which was considered until then constituted only by Terciary rocks. Based on all the information compiled it is being proposed here a new design for the hinge line of the Campos Basin because it represents originally a sedimentary boundary between Tertiary and Cretaceous rocks. A ZONA DE TRANSFERÊNCIA DO CABO DE SÃO TOMÉ NA BACIA DE CAMPOSRESUMO. Esta dissertação apresenta como contribuição para a comunidade científica a compilação de grande parte dos dados disponíveis nas regiões terrestre e costeira da bacia de Campos. Foram compilados dados gravimétricos e magnéticos, geologia, interpretações sísmica e de poços exploratórios e informação sobre a profundidade do embasamento proveniente de poços de água subterrânea. A Zona de Transferência do Cabo de São Tomé foi caracterizada como o principal contato tectônico entre o domínio tectônico do Graben de Barra de São João, caracterizado aqui como um aulacógeno, e a porção terrestre da Bacia de Campos, que tem as rochas vulcânicas da Formação Cabiúnas com embasamento. Foi possível seguir a extensão daquela estrutura para a região marinha, onde pode ser percebido uma reversão estrutural na direção de mergulho das falhas do embasamento. A reavaliação do poço CST-001 realizada por mim e Cecília Lana em cooperação permitiu a interpretação de uma espessa seção sedimentar na região terrestre da bacia, que era considerada até então constituída apenas por rochas de idade Terciária. Baseando me nas informações compiladas estou propondo aqui um novo desenho para a linha de charneira da Bacia de Campos porque originalmente esta estrutura representa um contato sedimentar entre o Terciário e o Cretáceo.
Modeling of soot particle collision and growth paths in gas-solid two-phase flow
Authors: Ju Hongling , Bian Fanquan , Wei Mingrui
Published: August 2020

Particle collision is an important process in soot particle growth. In this research, based on gas-solid two-phase flow, particle trajectory was traced by the Lagrange approach with periodic boundaries. Trajectory intersection, collision probability, and critical velocity were considered, and the growth path of each particle was traced. The collision frequency, fc, agglomeration frequency, fa, and friction collision frequency, ffc, were calculated, and the main influence factors of particle collision were analyzed. The results showed that fc, fa, fa/fc increased with the increase of the particle volume fraction and gas phase velocity, v, but the particle initial diameter, dpi, and velocity had the great influence on fa/fc. fa/fc obviously decreased with the increase of dpi and v. The statistical analysis of fa/fc and Stokes number showed that fa/fc decreased with the increase of Stokes number, especially when Stokes number was extremely small, fa/fc decreased rapidly. Using the trajectory analysis of each particle, the particle growth process could be classified in three types: firstly, the particles that did not agglomerate with any particles during the entire calculation process, secondly, the particles that continually agglomerated with small particles to generate larger ones, and finally, the particles that were agglomerated by larger particles at some calculation moment.
Auditor Actions and the Deterrence of Manager Opportunism: The Importance of Communication to the Board and Consistency with Peer Behavior
Authors: Buchanan Jessica L. , Commerford Benjamin P. , Wang Elaine (Ying)
Published: August 2020

Informed by Perceptual Deterrence Theory, we conduct multiple experiments to investigate when and how auditor actions can help deter manager opportunism. In Study 1A, we find that managers are less likely to use real earnings management (REM) when they expect auditors to both increase scrutiny and communicate their observations to the board. However, this effect occurs only when managers' operational decisions are inconsistent (versus consistent) with peer behavior. Study 1B findings suggest that increased auditor scrutiny alone (without auditor-board communication) is not likely to deter REM. In Study 2, we find that increased auditor scrutiny with communication to the board effectively deters both accruals-based earnings management (AEM) and REM, reducing the total level of manager opportunism. However, without communication, increased auditor scrutiny deters AEM, but also induces more REM. Our findings highlight the importance of auditor-board communication and demonstrate how auditor actions can contribute to the deterrence of manager opportunism.

Data Availability: Contact the authors.
Reducing Inpatient Hypoglycemia in the General Wards Using Real-time Continuous Glucose Monitoring: The Glucose Telemetry System, a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Singh Lakshmi G. , Satyarengga Medha , Marcano Isabel , Scott William H. , Pinault Lillian F. , Feng Zhaoyong , Sorkin John D. , Umpierrez Guillermo E. , Spanakis Elias K.
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

Use of real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM) systems in the inpatient setting is considered investigational. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether RT-CGM, using the glucose telemetry system (GTS), can prevent hypoglycemia in the general wards.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In a randomized clinical trial, insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk for hypoglycemia were recruited. Participants were randomized to RT-CGM/GTS or point-of-care (POC) blood glucose testing. The primary outcome was difference in inpatient hypoglycemia.

RESULTS

Seventy-two participants were included in this interim analysis, 36 in the RT-CGM/GTS group and 36 in the POC group. The RT-CGM/GTS group experienced fewer hypoglycemic events (<70 mg/dL) per patient (0.67 [95% CI 0.34–1.30] vs. 1.69 [1.11–2.58], P = 0.024), fewer clinically significant hypoglycemic events (<54 mg/dL) per patient (0.08 [0.03–0.26] vs. 0.75 [0.51–1.09], P = 0.003), and a lower percentage of time spent below range <70 mg/dL (0.40% [0.18–0.92%] vs. 1.88% [1.26–2.81%], P = 0.002) and <54 mg/dL (0.05% [0.01–0.43%] vs. 0.82% [0.47–1.43%], P = 0.017) compared with the POC group. No differences in nocturnal hypoglycemia, time in range 70–180 mg/dL, and time above range >180–250 mg/dL and >250 mg/dL were found between the groups. The RT-CGM/GTS group had no prolonged hypoglycemia compared with 0.20 episodes <54 mg/dL and 0.40 episodes <70 mg/dL per patient in the POC group.

CONCLUSIONS

RT-CGM/GTS can decrease hypoglycemia among hospitalized high-risk insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes.
CURRENT URBAN CO2 CONCENTRATION IN DIFFERENT PLACES IN CLUJ-NAPOCA TOWN
Authors: CENAN Anamaria , CIORBA Daniela Mariana
Published: August 2020

CO2 enrichment in the atmosphere through quantify of urban emissions remains a challenge. It is a directly links between urban CO2, CO2 emission in the cities and the urban form, functions, and climate. Has been measured the current CO2 concentration in two different important road nodes connected by an important road artery; one located at a higher altitude–Zorilor-Calea Turzii and the other at low altitude Cipariu-Calea Turzii. Also, current urban CO2 concentration on different road in Cluj-Napoca town is presented. Following the idea of low carbon city, such relationship have important implication in re-organization of cities, modeling of activities, technologies, setting the direction on certain major road or bypass road. The measurement has happened between June-July 2019. Additionally the correlation with number and type of autos was done. With this study we try to create a better understanding on implication of the spatial form in low carbon urban development.
LAND-USE INFLUENCE ON HYPORHEIC BIOTA FROM MEDITERRANEAN STREAMS IN CENTRAL SPAIN
Authors: IEPURE Sanda , KALLACHE Malaak , RASINES-LADERO Ruben
Published: August 2020

Detailed knowledge of hyporheic zone (HZ) biota response to change in land use is crucial for understanding the ecohydrological functioning of communities within the river corridors. This paper investigates the response of hyporheic crustacean communities in relation to spatial heterogeneity in water conditions under changes in land use of the alluvial floodplain of the Jarama basin in central Spain. The study is conducted in four streams of the basin under distinct local land-use and water resource protection conditions: i) preserved forested natural sites at river headwaters where critical river ecosystem processes were unaltered or less altered by human activities, and ii) sites with different degrees of anthropogenic impact from agriculture and urban/ industrial activities in the lowland. The results indicate that streams draining forest and semi-natural areas were characterized by cold and pristine hyporheic waters and crustaceans’ communities harbor a well-developed stygobite fraction. Conversely, intensive agricultural practices in the lowland cause nutrient enrichment of hyporheic waters. Thus, this type of land use increases the diversity and abundance of non-stygobites, whereas the abundance of stygobites is decreased. Mixed activities, industrial and urban development and agricultural cause an extreme decline of the crustacean community and/or species loss due to a combined effect of increase of nitrites, ammonia, trace metals and volatile organic compounds, and a deleterious decline of dissolved oxygen reaching hypoxic and/or anoxic hyporheic water conditions. The combined information of spatial variability of hyporheic biota has the potential to improve the understanding of impacts caused by changes in land-uses on HZ water conditions.
GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN TWO RURAL COMMUNITIES FROM CLUJ AND BISTRIȚA-NĂSĂUD COUNTIES – ROMANIA
Authors: ROȘU Cristina , ROBA Carmen , PIȘTEA Ioana , BÂȘCOVAN Bogdana , DEVIAN Ovidiu
Published: August 2020

In Romania, there are rural areas where the access to safe drinking water sources is still an unsolved issue. The main objective of the present study was to assess the quality of several underground drinking water sources from two rural communities from Romania and to evaluate the suitability of using those water sources in drinking and agricultural purposes. The investigated parameters were: pH, redox potential (Eh), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity, dissolved ions (F-, Cl-, Br-, NO2-, NO3-, PO4-3, SO4-2, Li+, Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+) and metals (Fe, Zn, Cr, Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb and Mn). The analyses indicated high levels of sulphates (up to 353.2 mg/l) in the wells from Cluj County and high concentrations of nitrates (up to 111.4 mg/l) and nitrites (up to 1.49 mg/l) in the wells from Bistrița-Năsăud County, these parameters frequently exceeded the safely limits imposed by national and international legislation. The levels of the other investigated parameters were generally below the maximum limits imposed by national and international legislation. Based on the sodium adsorption ratio, sodium percentage and magnesium adsorption ratio values, most of the investigated water sources can be safely used in agriculture purposes.
SOMEȘUL MIC RIVER (CLUJ COUNTY, ROMANIA) WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT UNDER ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT
Authors: SUVĂRĂȘAN Oana , ROȘIAN Gheorghe , MARTONOȘ Ildiko Melinda
Published: August 2020

The quality of surface waters has an important role in the environmental context. Someșul Mic river quality, in the studied area, is influenced by the pollution resulted from Florești locality and Cluj-Napoca city. Were collected and analyzed 28 water samples from the course of the river, on a distance of 20 km crossing Cluj-Napoca city. The studied physico-chemical parameters were: pH, redox potential (Eh), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS) and salinity, using a WTW 350i multiparameter. The anions (F-, Cl-, Br-, NO3-, NO2-, SO42-, PO43-) and cations content (Li+, Na+, K+, NH4+, Ca2+, Mg2+) were analyzed using a IC 1500 Dionex Ion Cromatograph. The sampling was realized in two campaigns: Octomber 2018 and February 2019. According to the analyzed parameters, the quality of Someșul Mic River, in the investigated area, corresponds to a moderated water quality index (WQI = 64.94). In the investigated collection points, in three cases were identified high concentrations of nitrates (NO3-), above 5 mg/l. For most of the investigated parameters, the values measured in autumn 2018 were higher than those from spring 2019, one cause might be represented by the precipitations before October 2018, which brought a load of chemicals and contributed mainly to the higher nitrate values. The values of the analyzed parameters in spring 2019 tend to show an increasing trend from upstream to downstream.
GOD’S MERCY OR JONAH’S ANGER? AN ORTHODOX APPROACH TO THE CASE OF NINEVEH
Authors: PAȘCA-TUȘA Stelian
Published: August 2020

The Book of the Prophet Jonah challenges us to face a reality that justifies our quality of God’s children. Often, Christians are faced with a choice between creating or not the necessary frameworks for the redemption of the contemporary man who has sometimes an adverse attitude towards the Church. It is this choice that their privileged status of God’s chosen people, of holy people whose mission is to be a light among other people, depends on. Those who set themselves up as judges and punishers of others’ deeds are in conflict with God, by neglecting their vocation and the mission to which they have been called. For these reasons, the association with Jonah is extremely appropriate. The prophet refuses to preach in Nineveh in order to avoid being the instrument by which God brings redemption to an impressive number of sinners. The aim of this study is to fructify this behavioural paradigm to acknowledge the fact that disobedience towards God takes us out of communion and makes us lose the privileged status of God’s chosen one. In order to succeed in this endeavour, I shall bear in mind the most recent researches that try to solve the mystery of the prophet’s unexpected behaviour, but also the opinions of some personalities who represent the Jewish and patristic tradition, which mostly characterises the Christian East. These directions shall offer the reader the possibility of thinking more before choosing to get angry like Jonah or be merciful like God
PASSION, BODY AND SOUL AT JOHN THE SOLITARY AND ISAAC OF NINEVEH
Authors: VESA Benedict
Published: August 2020

The paper explores the relations between body, soul and passion from the perspective of two Syriac writers, John the Solitary and Isaac of Nineveh. According to them, the body and the soul are not in opposition since through them, man contemplates the beauty of the outer and inner world. For this reason, we have three elements as parts of the human nature: the body, the soul and the spirit (the innermost part of the soul) and a threefold spiritual life: according to the body, to the soul and to the spirit. As regarding the body-soul-passion connection, both authors believe that passion can be good, bad or neutral and belongs to both body and soul. Ultimately, bad passions, as temptations, can be necessary for man's spiritual progress because God has put everything in the structure of man for its benefits. So, Salvation refers to the totality of human, body and soul, and passions can be transformed into `wings` to facilitate our spiritual ascent.
THE TABORIC LIGHT IN THE HYMNS OF THE VESPERS OF THE TRANSFIGURATION FEAST. CATECHETIC CONSIDERATIONS
Authors: VIDICAN-MANCI Liviu
Published: August 2020

Man’s purpose, by his own nature, is deification; he is called to mysteriously become god through his free collaboration with the grace of the Holy Spirit. In other words, man must partake in the radiance of godly glory and become a light similar to the One Who is Light and the source of Light. This calling is underlined many times in the writings of the mystics who experienced the becoming into light. The transfer of these mystical experiences can be found in a catechetic form in the liturgical rites gravitating around the feast of the Lord’s Transfiguration. The content of these odes helps us understand that the partaking in the light radiating from the Being of the Trinity is not a request reserved only for those initiated in the Hesychastic life, but an offer made to all Christians who take part in Eucharistic life. They mysteriously rejoice at their partaking in the mystical Body of Jesus Christ. This suggests that actually living in the light of God’s glory is a sine qua non condition for salvation.