Environmental pollution by xenobiotics as a risk factor for the development of reproductive complications in the population of the industrial region
Authors:   Dnipro State Medical University, Holovkova T.A. 
Published: November 2024

In the conditions of deterioration of the population's health and the demographic situation as a whole the problem of the chronic impact of environmental factors on the human body, especially sensitive sections of the population, requires comprehensive and effective actions from the public health system to minimize the negative impact of xenobiotics on the environment, among which heavy metals occupy an important place, and stimulates the search for special scientific developments in the field of preventive medicine. The purpose of the work. Determination of the influence of heavy metals on the frequency and prevalence of reproductive complications of pregnancy and childbirth among residents of the Dnipropetrovsk region. Materials and methods. On the basis of studies of the content of lead and cadmium in the air, drinking water and food products of the 2 industrial districts of Dnipro and in the city of the comparison - Novomoskovsk during 10 years, the estimation of the complex flow of heavy metals to the organism of the inhabitants of the cities of observation was carried out. The degree of the influence of the heavy metals of the environment on the state of the reproductive health in the population was analyzed by epidemiological retrospective studies analysis of data from primary statistical documentation on complications of pregnancy and childbirth. Mathematical processing of the results consisted of calculating primary statistical indicators, identifying their differences, determining the relationship between variables using parametric and non-parametric correlation analysis, and calculating the relative risk of reproductive complications as an integral part of the observations of the occurrence of reproductive complications. Results. The obtained results show that heavy metals are constantly determined in the environmental objects of the industrial areas. Biomonitoring data confirm assumptions about the technogenic loading of pregnant women's pregnant women's organism with toxicants in industrially populated cities, which poses a potential risk of adaptation failure for this critical group of residents of Dnipro, even at relatively low xenobiotic concentrations. Conclusions. It was established the increase in the metal-toxicant load of the organism of women of the industrial city compared to the control one, which is accompanied not only by a significantly higher frequency of reproductive complications but also correlated with the lead and cadmium content in the environmental objects of the residential area. The above indicates that there is a statistical probability of the development of the complications of pregnancy and childbirth in women under the influence of abiogenic metals of the environment, which is 2.8-3.2 times higher for women in industrial areas than for pregnant women in control city, except for the weakness of labor activity (R<1). Keywords. Heavy metals, xenobiotics, environmental pollution, exposure, pregnant women, biosubstrates, public health, reproductive complications, man-made polluted areas.