bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Buah Pace Sebagai Ide Penciptaan Karya Seni Mebel Ruang Kerja Tenaga Medis
Authors: Fikriansyah Dona , Prabowo Rahayu Adi
Published: August 2024

Penciptaan tugas akhir karya seni yang berjudul “Buah Pace Sebagai Ide Penciptaan Karya Seni Mebel Ruang Tenaga Medis” menggunakan kayu mahoni sebagai media utama dan menggunakan batu bali green sebagai bahan pendukung yang bertujuan untuk menciptakan desain-desain mebel pada ruang tenaga kerja kesehatan dan penerapan buah pace sebagai bentuk dasar dan stilasi pohon pace sebagai motif/ornamen hias. Pendekatan estetika karya merujuk teori Dewit H. Parker dalam teori bentuk estetika membagi menjadi enam asas yaitu: 1. The principle of organic unity (asas kesatuan organis). 2. The principle of theme (asas tema). 3. The principle of thematic variation (asas variasi menurut tema). 4. The principle of balance (asas keseimbangan). 5. The principle of evolution (asas perkembangan. 6. The principle of hierarchy (asas tata jenjang). Metodologi penciptaan menggunakan teori SP. Gustami meliputi tahapan: Eksplorasi, Perancangan, dan Perwujudan. Proses pengerjaan karya dimulai dari persiapan bahan dan alat, pembentukan karya yang meliputi pemotongan, perataan dan penghalusan kayu, proses pola, proses konstruksi dan dilanjutkan proses mengukir. Teknik yang digunakan dalam proses pengerjaan karya adalah teknik kerja bangku, teknik mesin, teknik scroll, dan teknik ukir. Bahan finishing yang digunakan adalah melamine wood stain dan clear gloss transparan sebagai pelapis akhir. Penciptaan karya seni mebel pada ruang tenaga medis ini berjumlah 3 karya. Karya tersebut adalah almari sebagai tempat obat dan alat, meja kerja dan kursi duduk sebagai tempat konsultasi.
TRANSFORMING KINATAH NAGASASRA AS A BATIK MOTIFS FOR CASUAL CLOTHES
Authors: Mellynada putri Casi , Saputra Andi taslim
Published: August 2024

This work creation was inspired by the shape of Kinatah Nagasasra, a name of dhapur (physical form) of a Kris. Such a dapur is characterized by the presence of decoration in the form of dragon as a Kinatah on the surface of the Kris blade. The characteristics of Nagasasra are having a kinatah in the form of crowned dragon, having a thousand scales on its body, and having a jamang (head ornament worn on the forehead). This Kris blade has visual meaning in the form of symbols representing characteristics of a leader. This study aims at exploring and stylizing the shape of Kinatah Nagasasra and using it in creating handmade batik on the casual wear. The creation of this work employed the   art creation method by collecting data from literature as well as previous designs and embodiments.  Handmade batiks technique was used in the creation process by using   primissima cotton fabric and remasol (coloring matter) as raw materials. Handmade batik technique that is used is dipping technique. The color chosen is the color preferred by consumers aged 18-35 years.  The resulting work consists of four dresses and is entitled UPANGGA RADMILA. Each of dress has also its own title, namely PANDITA, PARAHITA, PRABALA, PRASANTI. The designers hope that this work can help to socialize good characteristics of leader through symbols in it.  The characteristics consists of prioritizing the welfare of members, the awareness that power is a trust, being able to protect and prosper members, and being a role model to the members.
WIWITAN EQUIPMENT AS BATIK MOTIF CREATION FOR MODERN KEBAYA
Authors: Listya iswandari Aviva , - Guntur
Published: August 2024

The main ideas that became the basis for the batik motif on jarik for modern kebaya clothing was offering equipment in wiwitan tradition. The wiwitan tradition in traditional agricultural practice is a ceremony carried out by the community before harvesting, wiwitan is a tradition that deserves to be maintained and preserved and can even be developed in its ritual procession to become its own attraction. Basically, this tradition is an expression of gratitude to God. The rituals of this tradition completed with offerings and bancakan which are a form of gratitude for all the favors and blessings of God to the earth. The content of the offerings or known as uborampe was used as a source of inspiration for the creation of batik motifs on jarik for modern kebaya. The creation of batik motif is carried out by means of batik tulis that is styled contemporary then colored with remasol dye and colet technique. The colors used are brown, cream, brick red, purple, grey, blue, and pink. Batik with wiwitan offering motifs is equipped with modern kebaya to create total of 4 designs completed with sequins as decoration and veil as a head-wear to make it look elegant and appropriate for both formal and non-formal events.
تصميم وتقنين اختبار لقياس تحمل الأداء المهاري لمسكتي (الكندة والعباسية) للمصارعين بعمر(18-20) سنه وبزنة (65-86) كغم
Authors: Asst. Prof. Dr. Jalal Abdul Zahra Kanaan
Published: August 2024

تجلت أهمية البحث في تصميم اختبار لتحمل الأداء المهاري لأهم مسكتي السكيف والعباسي لغرض تقويمها بصورة مستمرة إثناء التدريب والمنافسة وإعطاء الرقم الحقيقي لمستواهما بيد المعنيين المدربين لغرض المعالجة والارتقاء بهما في التدريب. وتجلت مشكلة البحث التي هي بناء اختبار يقيس مستوى التحمل لهذه المسكتين ومتابعة تطورها في التدريب وبأجواء مشابهة لأجواء المنافسة ونظرا لقلة وجود مثل هذه الاختبارات المهمة والتي تعد مشكلة البحث, ويهدف البحث الى تصميم وتقنين اختبار لقياس تحمل الأداء المهاري لمسكتي (الكندة والعباسية) للمصارعين بعمر (18-20) سنه وبزنة (65-86) كغم, أيجاد مستويات ومعايير لتقييم تحمل الأداء المهاري لمسكتي (الكندة والعباسية) للمصارعين بعمر (18-20) سنه وبزنة (65-86) كغم.
The Uncanny in Geetanjali Shree’s Tomb of Sand: Subverting the Reality
Authors: Chakraborty Nabanita
Published: August 2024

This paper explores Geetanjali Shree’s postmodern novel Tomb of Sand which falls in the liminal space between the real and the fantastic. Her novel interrogates the relevance of borders and boundaries; not only the geographical and psychological borders in post-partition India but borders defining gender identities, human and non-human worlds, familiar and strange. Shree provides a feminist lens to grasp the concept of Freud’s theory of the uncanny. Freud in his essay The Uncanny explains that the uncanny is not something unfamiliar but the familiar which is kept hidden or repressed. He explores the various dimensions of the uncanny like animism, magic, déjà vu, doubling, repetition in thoughts and language, fear of castration, queerness and return to the maternal body. Geetanjali Shree underscores how the feeling of uncanny can be associated with dissonance and strangeness in moving beyond or challenging the socially constructed habits and comportments of gendered bodies. The feeling of being out of sorts with one’s own body, breaking down boundaries and rules constructed by society, challenging the normative ideal and unearthing what has been silenced in culture, engenders the feeling of uncanny.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Penjualan Oleh-Oleh Khas Makassar
Authors: Tamsir Tamsir , Mashud Mashud , Rahman Fery Fadul , Anwar Ichwany , Fadillah Andi Nur
Published: August 2024

Penjualan oleh-oleh khas Makassar memiliki potensi besar dalam meningkatkan perekonomian lokal dan memperkenalkan kekayaan budaya Sulawesi Selatan kepada wisatawan. Namun, proses penjualan yang masih manual seringkali mengakibatkan berbagai kendala, seperti kesalahan pencatatan transaksi, sulitnya mengelola stok barang, dan keterbatasan dalam mencapai pelanggan yang lebih luas. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem informasi penjualan yang efektif dan efisien bagi toko oleh-oleh khas Makassar. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi analisis kebutuhan sistem, perancangan basis data, dan pengembangan aplikasi berbasis web. Adapun Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah dengan cara meninjau secara langsung ke lapangan, studi pustaka dan kepustakaan. Dalam penelitian ini, pengujian black box diterapkan pada sistem informasi penjualan oleh-oleh khas Makassar untuk memastikan bahwa semua fungsi utama sistem bekerja sesuai dengan spesifikasi yang telah ditentukan. Penelitian ini berhasil merancang sebuah sistem informasi penjualan untuk toko oleh-oleh khas Makassar yang diharapkan dapat mengatasi berbagai kendala yang dihadapi dalam proses penjualan manual. Dengan menerapkan metodologi analisis kebutuhan sistem, perancangan basis data, dan pengembangan aplikasi berbasis web, sistem ini mampu mengotomatisasi berbagai proses bisnis
Effectiveness of RAD Method On E-Commerce Based Sales System PT Battuta Jaya Center
Authors: Imam Chairul , Siregar Muhammad Furqon
Published: August 2024

This research was conducted with the aim of building a sales information system in the raw publisher PT Battuta Jaya Center and to assist company management in providing sales. The system This web-based sales information system was built using Freamwork Codeigniter 3.1.0, Php MySql, Xampp, Adobe Illustrator and Blackbox Testing Method to test the system system. That way the result of this research is a sales information system that is used to transactions, purchases and recording sales reports that are more computerized, efficient and accurate. computerized, efficient and accurate.
Pengaruh Perilaku Individu Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. PLN (Persero) Distribusi Jakarta Raya Area Cempaka Putih
Authors: Rustomo Rustomo , Partimah Partimah , Angelina Rina
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh perilaku individu dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan di PT PLN Distribusi wilayah Jakarta Raya Area Cempaka Putih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sejauh mana faktor perilaku individu dan kondisi lingkungan kerja mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan di perusahaan listrik negara tersebut. Perilaku individu yang diteliti mencakup aspek-aspek seperti motivasi, sikap kerja, dan kemampuan adaptasi karyawan. Sementara itu, faktor lingkungan kerja meliputi kondisi fisik tempat kerja, hubungan antar karyawan, serta kebijakan dan prosedur perusahaan
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara parsial antara perilaku individu terhadap kinerja karyawan, pengaruh lingkungan kerja secara parsial terhadap kinerja karyawan, pengaruh perilaku individu dan lingkungan kerja secara bersama-sama atau simultan terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. PLN Distribusi Wilayah Jakarta Raya Area Cempaka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode dekriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran kuesioner, dan data pustaka. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode sampling jenuh berjumlah 62 karyawan pada PT. PLN Distribusi Wilayah Jakarta Raya Area Cempaka Putih, dengan teknik analisis data regresi linear berganda.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh secara parsial antara perilaku individu terhadap kinerja karyawan, terdapat pengaruh lingkungan kerja secara parsial terhadap kinerja karyawan, terdapat pengaruh perilaku individu dan lingkungan kerja secara bersama-sama atau simultan terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. PLN Distribusi Wilayah Jakarta Raya Area Cempaka Putih. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan kontribusi untuk penelitian selanjutnya.
Algoritma Naïve Bayes untuk Mengidentifikasi Hoaks di Media Sosial
Authors: Haq Muhamad Ziaul , Octiva Cut Susan , Ayuliana Ayuliana , Nuryanto Uli Wildan , Suryadi Dikky
Published: August 2024

Hoaks yang menyebar di dunia maya terus bertambah, oleh sebab itu penelitian ini akan membuat dan memeriksa fungsionalitas dari algoritma Naïve Bayes dalam mendeteksi serta mengenali hoaks pada jejaring sosial. Algoritma yang diambil adalah Naïve Bayes karena dapat memproses data teks yang large-scale dengan kompleksitas tersendiri dan pengimplementasiannya yang mudah. Dataset yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini terdiri dari postingan media sosial yang dikategorikan sebagai hoaks atau bukan hoaks. Pra-pemrosesan data mencakup tokenisasi, ekstraksi fitur, dan pembersihan teks menggunakan teknik TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency). Selanjutnya, algoritma Naïve Bayes dilatih dan diuji menggunakan cross-validation untuk memastikan bahwa model itu akurat dan dapat digunakan di mana saja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa algoritma Naïve Bayes dapat mengidentifikasi hoaks dengan tingkat kesalahan yang sangat rendah. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa algoritma Naive Bayes efektif dalam mendeteksi konten hoaks di media sosial, seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh evaluasi model menggunakan metrik seperti ketepatan, recall, dan skor F1. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa algoritma ini dapat diintegrasikan dalam sistem pemantauan media sosial untuk meningkatkan kualitas informasi yang beredar.
Studi Forensik Digital: Analisis Bukti Video TikTok dengan Metode DFRWS
Authors: Hidayat Ahmad Qayyum Ibnu , Alwi Erick Irawadi , Gaffar Andi Widya Mufila
Published: August 2024

Perkembangan teknologi informasi telah memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap kehidupan manusia, baik dalam peningkatan kesejahteraan maupun sebagai medan untuk tindakan kriminal seperti penyebaran berita bohong. Di Indonesia, penanganan masalah ini melibatkan berbagai upaya hukum, termasuk pemblokiran situs web yang dianggap sebagai sumber informasi palsu berdasarkan isi kontennya. Data dari Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah hoaks yang diidentifikasi dari tahun ke tahun, mencerminkan tantangan besar dalam mengelola komunikasi publik melalui media sosial.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyebaran konten video hoax yang terjadi di platform TikTok menggunakan metode Digital Forensic Research Workshop (DFRWS). Dalam penelitian ini, bukti digital yang dihapus berhasil direkonstruksi dari smartphone pelaku menggunakan alat forensik seperti wondershare dr.fone dan oxygen forensic. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa bukti digital yang ditemukan termasuk video konten, pesan langsung, dan komentar yang ditinggalkan oleh pelaku. Proses analisis menggunakan metode DFRWS, yang terdiri dari enam tahapan, memberikan kerangka kerja yang sistematis untuk memeriksa bukti digital secara menyeluruh. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam pemahaman tentang pentingnya bukti digital dalam proses hukum terkait penyebaran hoaks melalui media sosial, serta memperkuat metode analisis forensik yang diterapkan untuk memastikan keabsahan bukti dalam persidangan. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menyoroti perlunya pendekatan yang efektif dalam penegakan hukum untuk mengatasi fenomena penyebaran hoaks yang semakin meresahkan masyarakat modern.
Penerapan Metode Certainty Factor Pada Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit Kepiting Bakau di BBPBAP Jepara
Authors: Basyar Muhammad Irfan , Sucipto Adi , Widiastuti Nur Aeni
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan metode Certainty Factor dalam pengembangan sistem pakar untuk mendiagnosa penyakit kepiting bakau di Balai Besar Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau (BBPBAP) Jepara. Kepiting bakau, komoditas bernilai ekonomi tinggi, rentan terhadap berbagai penyakit yang dapat merugikan pembudidaya. Tujuan utama sistem pakar ini adalah membantu pembudidaya dan staf BBPBAP mengidentifikasi penyakit kepiting bakau secara cepat, akurat, dan efisien. Metode Certainty Factor dipilih karena kemampuannya menangani ketidakpastian dalam diagnosis penyakit, dengan mempertimbangkan tingkat keyakinan pakar dan bukti yang ada. Sistem ini menggunakan basis pengetahuan komprehensif dari analisis data gejala dan penyakit kepiting bakau dengan ahli BBPBAP Jepara serta studi literatur. Pengembangan meliputi akuisisi pengetahuan, perancangan basis aturan, implementasi metode Certainty Factor, dan pengujian sistem. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan diagnosis akurat dengan tingkat kepercayaan terukur, Penelitian ini menghasilkan peningkatan signifikan dalam akurasi diagnosis, dengan sistem yang dikembangkan mencapai tingkat akurasi sebesar 96.17%. Hasil ini dianggap sebagai kemajuan substansial dalam bidang tersebut. Penggunaan metode Certainty Factor pada sistem pakar terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan keakuratan diagnosis penyakit pada kepiting bakau. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan potensi yang menjanjikan untuk meningkatkan manajemen kesehatan dalam budidaya kepiting bakau, yang dapat berdampak positif pada industri perikanan air payau. serta menawarkan rekomendasi penanganan awal. Implementasi sistem ini diharapkan mendukung pengambilan keputusan cepat dan tepat, meningkatkan kesehatan dan produktivitas budidaya kepiting bakau.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN STRES KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. PLN(PERSERO) ULP SOPPENG
Authors: Chaeruddin Chaeruddin , Abbas Subhan Akbar , Kasmirandi Kasmirandi
Published: August 2024

Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja dan Stres Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Studi Kasus pada PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Soppeng). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lingkungan kerja dan Stres Kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan studi kasus pada PT. PLN (persero) ULP Soppeng. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua karyawan PT. PLN (persero) ULP Soppeng yang berjumlah 55 orang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penentuan sampel yaitu sampel jenuh atau total sampling di mana keseluruhan populasi dijadikan sampel. Dengan demikian maka besaran sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 55 orang karyawan PT. PLN (persero) ULP Soppeng. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan dan Stres kerja berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan.
Efficacy and Safety of Nipocalimab in Patients with Generalised Myasthenia Gravis: Top Line Results from the Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomised Phase III Vivacity-MG3 Study
Authors: Barrell Amanda
Published: August 2024

Nipocalimab, a high-affinity, fully human, aglycosylated, effectorless, monoclonal antibody, has been developed as an add-on treatment for myasthenia gravis (MG). The agent, administered every 2 weeks, aims to selectively block neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), in order to reduce levels of circulating immunoglobulin G (IgG) including autoantibodies and ameliorate disease manifestations, while preserving immune function.

In this poster presentation, Carlo Antozzi outlined top-line results from the 24-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised Vivacity-MG3 Phase III study (NCT04951622).1 Nipocalimab, he explained, demonstrated efficacy and safety in a broad antibody-positive population, suggesting it could provide the first FcRn treatment option with a predictable dosing schedule in generalised MG (gMG).
Challenges and Frontiers in Computational Metabolic Psychiatry
Authors: Chesebro Anthony , Antal Botond , Weistuch Corey , Mujica-Parodi Lilianne
Published: August 2024

One of the primary challenges in metabolic psychiatry is that the disrupted brain functions that underlie psychiatric conditions arise from a complex set of downstream and feedback processes spanning across multiple spatiotemporal scales. Importantly, the same circuit can have multiple points of failure, each of which results in a different type of dysregulation, and thus elicits distinct cascades downstream that produce divergent signs and symptoms. Here, we illustrate this challenge by examining how subtle differences in circuit perturbations can lead to divergent clinical outcomes. We also discuss how computational models can perform the spatially heterogenous integration and bridge in vitro and in vivo paradigms. By leveraging recent methodological advances and tools, computational models can integrate relevant processes across scales (e.g., TCA-cycle, ion channel, neural microassembly, whole-brain macro-circuit) and across physiological systems (e.g., neural, endocrine, immune, vascular), providing a framework that can unite these mechanistic processes in a manner that goes beyond the conceptual and descriptive, to the quantitative and generative. These hold the potential to sharpen our intuitions towards circuit-based models for personalized diagnostics and treatment.
Penggunaan Wordwall Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Pada Mata Pelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar: Literature Review
Authors: Syahyadi Deni , Dwi Fajariyanto Septian , Rifqy Ash-Shiddiqy Ahmad
Published: August 2024

This article discusses the use of the technology-based learning platform Wordwall in the context of the Natural Science (IPA) subject at the elementary school level. Natural Science plays a crucial role in shaping students' understanding of natural phenomena and scientific processes, but student motivation in this subject is often a challenge. Wordwall has proven effective in increasing student participation, building conceptual understanding, and enhancing learning motivation. This literature review article analyzes several studies related to the use of Wordwall in the context of IPA in elementary schools, highlighting the positive impact of Wordwall on student learning motivation. The research employs a literature review method and evaluates three articles that focus on the use of Wordwall in IPA education in elementary schools. The results of the research indicate that the use of Wordwall effectively enhances student learning motivation, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This medium helps boost students' interest in learning and enables an engaging learning experience. In conclusion, the utilization of Wordwall in elementary education has the potential to improve student learning motivation, and educational innovations should be considered to ensure sustainable learning quality.
Postoperative delayed gastric emptying: may gut microbiota play a role?
Authors: Wang Zhiyi , Liu Chuanbo , Hu Kaiwen , Zuo Minghuan , Tian Zhen , Wei Yue , Zhou Qin , Li Quanwang
Published: August 2024

Postoperative delayed gastric emptying is a prevalent complication following surgical procedures, imposing heavy physical and financial burdens on patients. However, current treatment options remain suboptimal. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have highlighted that the gut microbiota and its metabolites are closely associated with postoperative complications. Various factors can disrupt the gut microbiome after surgery. This review discusses the potential mechanisms by which the gut microbiota and their metabolites may contribute to the pathogenesis of postoperative delayed gastric emptying. However, the current knowledge base is limited in terms of fully understanding the exact mechanisms involved. It is therefore evident that further research is required to fully elucidate the role of the gut microbiome in postoperative delayed gastric emptying, with the aim of uncovering new possibilities for preventive measures and therapeutic treatments.
The immune factors involved in the rapid clearance of bacteria from the midgut of the tick Ixodes ricinus
Authors: Guizzo Melina Garcia , Frantová Helena , Lu Stephen , Kozelková Tereza , Číhalová Kristýna , Dyčka Filip , Hrbatová Alena , Tonk-Rügen Miray , Perner Jan , Ribeiro José M. , Fogaça Andrea C. , Zurek Ludek , Kopáček Petr
Published: August 2024

Ticks are obligate hematophagous arthropods that transmit a wide range of pathogens to humans as well as wild and domestic animals. They also harbor a non-pathogenic microbiota, although our previous study has shown that the diverse bacterial microbiome in the midgut of Ixodes ricinus is quantitatively poor and lacks a core. In artificial infections by capillary feeding of ticks with two model bacteria (Gram-positive Micrococcus luteus and Gram-negative Pantoea sp.), rapid clearance of these microbes from the midgut was observed, indicating the presence of active immune mechanisms in this organ. In the current study, RNA-seq analysis was performed on the midgut of I. ricinus females inoculated with either M. luteus or Pantoea sp. or with sterile water as a control. While no immune-related transcripts were upregulated by microbial inoculation compared to that of the sterile control, capillary feeding itself triggered dramatic transcriptional changes in the tick midgut. Manual curation of the transcriptome from the midgut of unfed I. ricinus females, complemented by the proteomic analysis, revealed the presence of several constitutively expressed putative antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that are independent of microbial stimulation and are referred to here as ‘guard’ AMPs. These included two types of midgut-specific defensins, two different domesticated amidase effector 2 (Dae2), microplusin/ricinusin-related molecules, two lysozymes, and two gamma interferon-inducible lysosomal thiol reductases (GILTs). The in vitro antimicrobial activity assays of two synthetic mature defensins, defensin 1 and defensin 8, confirmed their specificity against Gram-positive bacteria showing exceptional potency to inhibit the growth of M. luteus at nanomolar concentrations. The antimicrobial activity of midgut defensins is likely part of a multicomponent system responsible for the rapid clearance of bacteria in the tick midgut. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of other identified ‘guard’ AMPs in controlling microorganisms entering the tick midgut.
Phenotypic, Physiological and Hormonal Analysis Reveals the Mechanisms of Timely Harvesting for Ensuring the Seed Vigor of Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines
Authors: Feng Wanjun , Wang Haoxue , Bai Yu , Wang Weijie , Xue Weiwei , Shi Zhaokang , Qiu Peng , Gao Yu , Xue Jianfu , Sun Min , Ma Hailin
Published: August 2024

Seed vigor is a pivotal indicator of seed quality, and timely harvesting is essential for maize seed vigor. The seeds and embryos of maize inbred lines JNY6F and PH4CV at different maturity stages were selected as study materials, the phenotypic characteristics and seed vigor indexes of which were detected, and the soluble sugars, antioxidant enzyme activity, and pythormones [auxin (IAA), cytokinins (CTKs), gibberellins (GAs), and abscisic acid (ABA)] in fresh immature embryos were analyzed. The analysis results indicated that the seeds of JNY6F and PH4CV reached physiological maturity at 35 and 50 days after pollination, which were the optimal harvest times for JNY6F and PH4CV, respectively, as the embryonic morphology of which had been estabilished, and the seed vigor of which reached their peaks at these two stages. The seed vigor indexes showed significant negative correlations with the levels of soluble reducing sugar, total soluble sugar, and four pythormones in the immature embryos, but were highly positively correlated with catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) enzyme activities. In summary, our findings offer valuable insights into the ideal harvest time and physiological mechanisms underlying the seed vigor of maize inbred lines, and contribute to the enhancement of seed quality and agricultural practices in maize inbred line production.
Optimizing Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer Regimes to Increase the Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Tibetan Barley in Tibet
Authors: Wang Shangwen , Peng Jun , Dong Wenyi , Wei Zexiu , Zafar Saud uz , Jin Tao , Liu Enke
Published: August 2024

Nitrogen (N) fertilization plays a pivotal role in the nitrogen transport process and yield formation of field-grown Tibetan barley (Hordeum vulgare L., qingke in Chinese); however, little is known about its interaction with irrigation regimes. Here, we performed a control experiment to investigate the effects of irrigation regimes (primary irrigation and double irrigation, mentioned as W1 and W2) and N levels (0, 90, 120, and 150 kg ha−1, mentioned as N0, N9, N12, and N15) on the nitrogen accumulation, translocation, and utilization of Tibetan barley in the Tibetan Plateau during the spring barley seasons in 2022. The results showed that the highest yield (6242.28 kg ha−1) and aboveground biomass (12,354.13 kg ha−1 for anthesis; 15,827.9 kg ha−1 for maturity) were achieved in W2N15 as compared to other treatments. The maximum grain N accumulation (117.66 kg ha−1), the N translocation (54.16 kg ha−1), and the post-anthesis N accumulation (63.5 kg ha−1) were achieved in the W1N15 treatment. The N utilization efficiency increased with irrigation frequency and decreased with N application; however, the conclusion given by the N agronomic efficiency is contrary to this trend. The grain yield had significant positive correlations with the grain N accumulation (W1: r = 0.98; W2: r = 0.97) and N translocation (W1: r = 0.84; W2: r = 0.94), but significant negative correlations with the N harvest index (W1: r = −0.95; W2: r = −0.95) and N utilization efficiency (W1: r = −0.9; W2: r = −0.85). The path analysis revealed that the factors related to N utilization (β = 0.875) and the factors related to N translocation (β = −1.426) were the significant direct contributors towards grain yield. The influence of N application (total effect = 0.922) on the grain yield was much stronger than that of the irrigation regime (total effect = 0.324). Our findings can guide future efforts in designing sustainable water and N fertilizer management strategies for Tibetan barley in the Tibetan Plateau.
Anticandidal Properties of Launaea sarmentosa among the Salt Marsh Plants Collected from Palk Bay and the Gulf of Mannar Coast, Southeastern India
Authors: Das Smriti , Priyanka Karuppannagounder Rajan , Prabhu Kolandhasamy , Vinayagam Ramachandran , Rajaram Rajendran , Kang Sang Gu
Published: August 2024

Tidal wetlands, commonly known as salt marshes, are highly productive ecosystems in temperate regions worldwide. These environments constitute a unique flora composed primarily of salt-tolerant herbs, grasses, and shrubs. This study investigated the therapeutic properties of ten salt marsh plants collected mainly from Palk Bay and Mannar Gulf against Candida disease. This study examined the changes in natural plant products associated with their anti-Candida growth activity during two distinct seasonal changes—monsoon and summer. The potential of the salt marshes to inhibit the growth of five different Candida strains was assessed using four solvents. In phytochemical analysis, the extracts obtained from a Launaea sarmentosa exhibited the highest results compared to the other plant extracts. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed 12 peaks with alkane, aldehyde, amine, aromatic ester, phenol, secondary alcohol, and 1,2,3,4-tetrasubstituted. Gas-chromatography–mass spectrometry detected 30 compounds. Cyclotetracosane, lupeol, β-amyrin, and 12-oleanen-3-yl acetate showed the highest peak range. In particular, plant samples collected during the monsoon season were more effective in preventing Canda growth than the summer plant samples. In the monsoon season, the salt marsh plant extracted with ethyl acetate showed a high anti-Candida growth activity, while in the summer, the acetone extract exhibited a higher anti-Candida growth activity than the other solvents. The hexane extract of L. sarmentosa showed the highest inhibition zone against all Candidal strains. Furthermore, compounds, such as β-amyrin, lupeol, and oxirane, from the hexane extract of L. sarmentosa play a vital role in anti-Candida activity. This paper reports the potential of tidal marsh plant extracts for developing new antifungal agents for Candida infections.
Trends in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Children: The Impact of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Use
Authors: Galos Felicia , Ionescu Mara Ioana , Mirea Mihai Daniel Luca , Boboc Anca Andreea , Ioan Andreea , Boboc Catalin
Published: August 2024

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a significant concern in children, contributing to 6–20% of cases in pediatric intensive care units. This study evaluates the roles of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) usage in the etiology of UGIB in children, with a particular focus on trends observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 103 pediatric patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for UGIB between January 2015 and December 2023. Of these, 88 patients were included in the final analysis, where the source of bleeding was successfully identified. Hematemesis was the most common presentation, and the source of bleeding was identified in 85.43% of cases. The prevalence of H. pylori infection remained stable across the pre-pandemic (39.7%) and post-pandemic (36.7%) periods. However, NSAID usage increased nearly threefold during the pandemic, with 36.7% of post-pandemic UGIB cases associated with NSAID use, compared to 12.1% pre-pandemic. These findings underscore the significant roles of H. pylori and NSAID use in pediatric UGIB, with a notable increase in NSAID-related cases during the pandemic.
Evolution of the Antibiotic Resistance Levels, Multi-Resistance Patterns, and Presence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in E. coli Isolates from the Feces of Breeding Hens during the Rearing Period
Authors: Fenollar-Penadés Alejandro , Catalá-Gregori Pablo , Tallá-Ferrer Vicente , Castillo María Ángeles , García-Ferrús Miguel , Jiménez-Belenguer Ana
Published: August 2024

The food chain acts as an entry point for antibiotic resistance to reach humans and environment. Because of the importance of the poultry sector, we investigated the prevalence and evolution of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from a series of 14,500 breeding hens and their farm environment during the rearing period. Samples included meconium from one-day-old breeders and fecal samples and boot swabs from the breeding sheds of pullets and adult hens. All E. coli isolates from one-day-old chicks, 77% from feces and 61% from boot swabs, were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Cefotaxime and multi-drug resistance in fecal isolates decreased during the rearing period from 41.2% and 80.8% in one-day-old chicks to 3.8% and 33.8% in adults. All genes studied were detected in E. coli from feces and boot swabs, the most common being blaTEM (75%), blaSHV (72%), and qnrB (67%). blaCMY-2 was detected in 100% of one-day-old breeders. The combination of at least one cephalosporin and one quinolone resistance gene was detected in 68.7% of fecal and boot swab isolates. Our results highlight the need to monitor the prevalence of antibiotic resistance on farms and to take appropriate measures to reduce the risk to public and environmental health.
Association between Extended Meropenem Regimen and Achievement of Aggressive PK/PD in Patients Receiving Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy for Septic AKI
Authors: Chihara Shinya , Ishigo Tomoyuki , Kazuma Satoshi , Matsumoto Kana , Morita Kunihiko , Masuda Yoshiki
Published: August 2024

Aggressive pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD) targets have shown better microbiological eradication rates and a lower propensity to develop resistant strains than conservative targets. We investigated whether meropenem blood levels, including aggressive PK/PD, were acceptable in terms of efficacy and safety using a meropenem regimen of 1 g infusion every 8 h over 3 h in patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for septic acute kidney injury (AKI). Aggressive PK/PD targets were defined as the percentage of time that the free concentration (%fT) > 4 × minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), the toxicity threshold was defined as a trough concentration >45 mg/L, and the percentage of achievement at each MIC was evaluated. The 100% fT > 4 × MIC for a pathogen with an MIC of 0.5 mg/L was 89%, and that for a pathogen with an MIC of 2 mg/L was 56%. The mean steady-state trough concentration of meropenem was 11.9 ± 9.0 mg/L and the maximum steady-state trough concentration was 29.2 mg/L. Simulations using Bayesian estimation showed the probability of achieving 100% fT > 4 × MIC for up to an MIC of 2 mg/L for the administered administration via continuous infusion at 3 g/24 h. We found that an aggressive PK/PD could be achieved up to an MIC of 0.5 mg/L with a meropenem regimen of 1 g infused every 8 h over 3 h for patients receiving CRRT for septic AKI. In addition, the risk of reaching the toxicity range with this regimen is low. In addition, if the MIC was 1–2 mg/L, the simulation results indicated that aggressive PK/PD can be achieved by continuous infusion at 3 g/24 h without increasing the daily dose.
Effect of Adding the Antimicrobial L-Carnitine to Growing Rabbits’ Drinking Water on Growth Efficiency, Hematological, Biochemical, and Carcass Aspects
Authors: Hassan Mohamed I. , Abdel-Monem Naela , Khalifah Ayman Moawed , Hassan Saber S. , Shahba Hossam , Alhimaidi Ahmad R. , Kim In Ho , El-Tahan Hossam M.
Published: August 2024

The current study was designed to assess the impact of L-carnitine (LC) supplementation in the drinking water of growing Alexandria-line rabbits on performance and physiological parameters. Two hundred eighty-eight 35-day-old rabbits were divided into four groups of twenty-four replicates each (seventy-two rabbits/treatment). The treatment groups were a control group without LC and three groups receiving 0.5, 1, and 1.5 g/L LC in the drinking water intermittently. The results showed that the group receiving 0.5 g LC/L exhibited significant improvements in final body weight, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and performance index compared to the other groups. The feed intake remained unaffected except for the 1.5 g LC/L group, which had significantly decreased intake. Hematological parameters improved in all supplemented groups. Compared with those in the control group, the 0.5 g LC/L group showed significant increases in serum total protein and high-density lipoprotein, along with decreased cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein. Compared to other supplemented groups, this group also demonstrated superior carcass traits (carcass, dressing, giblets, and percentage of nonedible parts). In conclusion, intermittent supplementation of LC in the drinking water, particularly at 0.5 g/L twice a week, positively influenced the productivity, hematology, serum lipid profile, and carcass traits of Alexandria-line growing rabbits at 84 days of age.
Synthesis of Second-Generation Analogs of Temporin-SHa Peptide Having Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial and Anticancer Effects
Authors: Khan Arif Iftikhar , Nazir Shahzad , Haque Muhammad Nadeem ul , Maharjan Rukesh , Khan Farooq-Ahmad , Olleik Hamza , Courvoisier-Dezord Elise , Maresca Marc , Shaheen Farzana
Published: August 2024

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising class of therapeutic alternatives with broad-spectrum activity against resistant pathogens. Small AMPs like temporin-SHa (1) and its first-generation analog [G10a]-SHa (2) possess notable efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In an effort to further improve this antimicrobial activity, second-generation analogs of 1 were synthesised by replacing the natural glycine residue at position-10 of the parent molecule with atypical amino acids, such as D-Phenylalanine, D-Tyrosine and (2-Naphthyl)-D-alanine, to study the effect of hydrophobicity on antimicrobial efficacy. The resultant analogs (3–6) emerged as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents. Notably, the [G10K]-SHa analog (4), having a lysine substitution, demonstrated a 4-fold increase in activity against Gram-negative (Enterobacter cloacae DSM 30054) and Gram-positive (Enterococcus faecalis DSM 2570) bacteria relative to the parent peptide (1). Among all analogs, [G10f]-SHa peptide (3), featuring a D-Phe substitution, showed the most potent anticancer activity against lung cancer (A549), skin cancer (MNT-1), prostate cancer (PC-3), pancreatic cancer (MiaPaCa-2) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cells, achieving an IC50 value in the range of 3.6–6.8 µM; however, it was also found to be cytotoxic against normal cell lines as compared to [G10K]-SHa (4). Peptide 4 also possessed good anticancer activity but was found to be less cytotoxic against normal cell lines as compared to 1 and 3. These findings underscore the potential of second-generation temporin-SHa analogs, especially analog 4, as promising leads to develop new broad-spectrum antibacterial and anticancer agents.
A Real-World Data Observational Analysis of the Impact of Liposomal Amphotericin B on Renal Function Using Machine Learning in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Sacanella Ignasi , Esteve-Pitarch Erika , Guevara-Chaux Jessica , Berrueta Julen , García-Martínez Alejandro , Gómez Josep , Casarino Cecilia , Alés Florencia , Canadell Laura , Martín-Loeches Ignacio , Grau Santiago , Candel Francisco Javier , Bodí María , Rodríguez Alejandro
Published: August 2024

Background: Liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) has become the mainstay of treatment for severe invasive fungal infections. However, the potential for renal toxicity must be considered. Aims: To evaluate the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients receiving L-AmB for more than 48 h. Methods: Retrospective, observational, single-center study. Clinical, demographic and laboratory variables were obtained automatically from the electronic medical record. AKI incidence was analyzed in the entire population and in patients with a “low” or “high” risk of AKI based on their creatinine levels at the outset of the study. Factors associated with the development of AKI were studied using random forest models. Results: Finally, 67 patients with a median age of 61 (53–71) years, 67% male, a median SOFA of 4 (3–6.5) and a crude mortality of 34.3% were included. No variations in serum creatinine were observed during the observation period, except for a decrease in the high-risk subgroup. A total of 26.8% (total population), 25% (low risk) and 13% (high risk) of patients developed AKI. Norepinephrine, the SOFA score, furosemide (general model), potassium, C-reactive protein and procalcitonin (low-risk subgroup) were the variables identified by the random forest models as important contributing factors to the development of AKI other than L-AmB administration. Conclusions: The development of AKI is multifactorial and the administration of L-AmB appears to be safe in this group of patients.
An Insight into Rational Drug Design: The Development of In-House Azole Compounds with Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Ungureanu Daniel , Oniga Ovidiu , Moldovan Cristina , Ionuț Ioana , Marc Gabriel , Stana Anca , Pele Raluca , Duma Mihaela , Tiperciuc Brîndușa
Published: August 2024

Antimicrobial resistance poses a major threat to global health as the number of efficient antimicrobials decreases and the number of resistant pathogens rises. Our research group has been actively involved in the design of novel antimicrobial drugs. The blueprints of these compounds were azolic heterocycles, particularly thiazole. Starting with oxadiazolines, our research group explored, one by one, the other five-membered heterocycles, developing more or less potent compounds. An overview of this research activity conducted by our research group allowed us to observe an evolution in the methodology used (from inhibition zone diameters to minimal inhibitory concentrations and antibiofilm potential determination) correlated with the design of azole compounds based on results obtained from molecular modeling. The purpose of this review is to present the development of in-house azole compounds with antimicrobial activity, designed over the years by this research group from the departments of Pharmaceutical and Therapeutical Chemistry in Cluj-Napoca.
Effects of Black Maca Supplementation on Isokinetic Muscle Function and Inflammation in Elite Athletes and Non-Athletes
Authors: Lee Eunjae , Kang Sunghwun , Lim Seung-Taek
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to examine the effects of black maca supplementation on isokinetic muscle function and inflammatory markers in athletes and to extend these findings to non-athletes. The study involved 24 male participants, including 16 elite athletes (soft tennis and table tennis players) and 8 non-athletes (university students). Participants consumed capsules containing 2.5 g of 100% concentrated black maca extract over a 12-week period. Isokinetic muscle performance and physical fitness (strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, power, agility, cardiovascular endurance) assessments were conducted at baseline and after 12 weeks of supplementation. Two-way within-factor ANOVA showed a significant group × time interaction for 120°/s flexor movements (p < 0.05). Paired t-tests demonstrated significant improvements in 30°/s and 120°/s extensor and flexor movements in both athlete groups (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). Similarly, significant enhancements were observed in the non-athletes for the 30°/s flexor and 120°/s extensor and flexor movements (p < 0.01). Furthermore, reductions in interleukin-6 (from 137.9 ± 8.8 to 132.7 ± 4.6, p < 0.05) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (from 274.1 ± 13.4 to 264.2 ± 3.2, p < 0.05) were noted in the soft tennis group. The table tennis group also showed significant decreases in interleukin-6 (from 135.9 ± 4.7 to 131.3 ± 2.5, p < 0.01) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (from 282.1 ± 19.2 to 267.0 ± 6.4, p < 0.05). No significant changes were observed in the non-athlete group. Black maca supplementation may enhance isokinetic muscle function in elite athletes by reducing muscle contraction fatigue and improving anti-inflammatory responses.
Evaluation Method for Virtual Museum Interface Integrating Layout Aesthetics and Visual Cognitive Characteristics Based on Improved Gray H-Convex Correlation Model
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Wen Zhiqiang , Chen Jian , Gu Yanhui , Peng Qizhao
Published: August 2024

A scientific method for evaluating the design of interfaces is proposed to address the unique characteristics and user needs of infrequent-contact public service interfaces. This method is significant for enhancing service efficiency and promoting the sustainable development of public services. Current interface evaluation methods are limited in scope and often fail to meet actual user needs. To address this, this study focuses on virtual museums, examining users’ aesthetic psychology and cognitive behavior in terms of layout aesthetics and visual cognitive characteristics, aiming to explore the relationship between the two. Interface layout aesthetic values and user visual cognitive measurements were obtained by using computational aesthetics methods and eye-tracking experiments. These served as input data for a new model. An improved gray H-convex correlation model utilizing the ICRITIC method is proposed to examine the mapping relationship between interface layout aesthetics and visual cognitive features. The results demonstrate that our new model achieves over 90% accuracy, outperforming existing models. For virtual museum interfaces, symmetry and dominance significantly influence user visual cognition, with the most notable correlations found between density and gaze shift frequency, simplicity and mean pupil diameter, and order and gaze shift frequency. Additionally, fixation duration, fixation count, and mean pupil diameter were inversely correlated with interface layout aesthetics, whereas gaze shift frequency and gaze time percentage were positively correlated.
Forces in the Interaction of Light with Matter
Authors: Lembessis Vasileios E. , Andrews David L.
Published: August 2024

It is well established that the interaction of light with matter generally imparts mechanical forces and associated torques. Where laser light is involved, such effects can be deployed for the microscale and nanoscale manipulation of matter, giving rise to notable applications in wide areas of physics, chemistry, and the life sciences. The diversity of applications is enriched not only by the complexity of the constitution of matter, but also by the structure of the laser light itself, according to its polarisation, amplitude, and phase. This article reviews in comprehensive terms the origins of laser-based optical forces and their manifestations in a variety of current contexts and applications.