bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A contribution to knowledge on the terrestrial malacofauna of the Kastellorizo (Megisti) island group (SE Greece)
Authors: Mylonas Moisis , Vardinoyannis Katerina , Poulakakis Nikos
Published: November 2019

Background

The Kastellorizo island group (in the Dodecanese, Greece) is situated in the southeast corner of the Aegean Archipelago. It consists of twenty islets, of which the three largest (Kastellorizo, Ro and Strongyli) and seven smaller ones belong to Greece. Knowledge of the malacofauna on the islands is relatively poor. Only eight species were known prior to the present study, all from the islet of Kastellorizo.

Results

Here, using the scientific collections at the Natural History Museum of Crete collected mainly by the authors and also by several researchers since 1976, we reappraise the malacofauna of the island group. Thirty-one species were found in total (23 from Kastellorizo, 19 from Ro, 15 from Strongyli, 10 from Agios Georgios, 14 from Agrielia, 6 from Psomi and 10 from Psoradia).

Conclusions

The fact that there are no endemic snail species in the islands can be accounted for by their proximity to the Turkish coast, their common paleogeography with Turkey until the Late Pleistocene and Holocene, and the influence of humans. All but two species, Mastus etuberculatus and Vitrea riedeliana, are known from the adjacent Turkish coasts. Together with the subfossil species found on the smaller islets, the predominance of different species on each islet suggests a continuous substitution from the source areas of Turkey and the Aegean.
The effect on new knowledge and reviewed knowledge caused by the positioning task in closed concept maps
Authors: Fonteles Furtado Pedro Gabriel , Hirashima Tsukasa , Hayashi Yusuke
Published: November 2019

The advancement of technology has made it possible for automated feedback to be added to learning activities such as the construction of concept maps. The addition of feedback allows learners to acquire new knowledge instead of only focusing on reviewed knowledge. The cognitive processes for acquiring new knowledge and reviewing knowledge are different, so the benefits of concept maps in past research may not apply to the acquisition of new knowledge. However, how concept map construction varies across these two aspects has not been investigated. This research starts this investigation by researching how the positioning task affects new knowledge and reviewed knowledge. The position task is the act of deciding and managing the position of the elements of the concept map. In this paper, we study the differences in new knowledge and reviewed knowledge across two closed concept map interfaces by comparing test answers. One interface, Kit-build, includes the positioning task. The other interface, Airmap, does not include it. Results suggest that the interfaces only differ in retained reviewed knowledge, having similar performance in immediate new knowledge, immediate reviewed knowledge, and retained new knowledge. Results have potential implications for the general presence of the positioning task in learning interfaces.
EmoTan: enhanced flashcards for second language vocabulary learning with emotional binaural narration
Authors: Fukushima Shogo
Published: November 2019

We report on the design and evaluation of a flashcard application, enhanced with emotional binaural narration to support second language (L2) vocabulary learning. Typically, the voice narration used in English vocabulary learning is recorded by native speakers with a standard accent to ensure accurate pronunciation and clarity. However, a clear but monotonous narration may not always aid learners in retaining new vocabulary items in their semantic memory. As such, enhancing textual flashcards with emotional narration in the learner’s native language can foster the retention of new L2 words in episodic rather than semantic memory as greater emotive expression reinforces episodic memory retention. We evaluated the effects of binaural emotive narration with traditional textual flashcards on L2 word retention (immediate and delayed) in laboratory experiments with native Japanese-speaking English learners. Our results suggest that the learners were able to retain approximately 60% more L2 words long-term with the proposed approach compared to traditional flashcards.
Welfare and well-being: towards mental health-promoting welfare systems
Authors: Senior Steven L. , Caan Woody , Gamsu Mark
Published: November 2019

By protecting vulnerable people from poverty and debt, welfare systems can be powerful tools for promoting mental health. However, the details of how welfare systems are implemented determine whether they also cause harm. Here, we review evidence and principles that might guide the development of mental health-promoting welfare systems.
Parents’, Health Care Professionals’, and Scientists’ Experiences of a Precision Medicine Pilot Trial for Patients With High-Risk Childhood Cancer: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Vetsch Janine , Wakefield Claire E. , Duve Emily , McGill Brittany C. , Warby Meera , Tucker Katherine M. , Malkin David , Lau Loretta , Ziegler David S.
Published: November 2019

PURPOSE

Children with high-risk cancers have low survival rates because current treatment options are limited. Precision medicine trials are designed to offer patients individualized treatment recommendations, potentially improving their clinical outcomes. However, parents’ understanding is often limited, and expectations of benefit to their own child can be high. Health care professionals (HCPs) are often not familiar with precision medicine and might find managing families’ expectations challenging. Scientists find themselves working with high expectations among different stakeholders to rapidly translate their identification of actionable targets in real time. Therefore, we wanted to gain an in-depth understanding of the experiences of all stakeholders involved in a new precision medicine pilot trial called TARGET, including parents, their child’s HCPs, and the scientists who conducted the laboratory research and generated the data used to make treatment recommendations.

METHODS

We conducted semistructured interviews with all participants and analyzed the interviews thematically.

RESULTS

We interviewed 15 parents (9 mothers; 66.7% bereaved), 17 HCPs, and 16 scientists. We identified the following themes in parents’ interviews: minimal understanding and need for more information, hope as a driver of participation, challenges around biopsies, timing, and drug access, and few regrets. HCP and scientist interviews revealed themes such as embracing new technologies and collaborations and challenges managing families’ expectations, timing of testing and test results, and drug access.

CONCLUSION

Educating families, HCPs, and scientists to better understand the benefits and limitations of precision medicine trials may improve the transparency of the translation of discovery genomics to novel therapies, increase satisfaction with the child’s care, and ameliorate the additional long-term psychosocial burden for families already affected by high-risk childhood cancer.
Communication vs. waterproofing: the physics of insect cuticular hydrocarbons
Authors: Menzel Florian , Morsbach Svenja , Martens Jiska H. , Räder Petra , Hadjaje Simon , Poizat Marine , Abou Bérengère
Published: November 2019

Understanding the evolution of complex traits is among the major challenges in biology. One such trait is the cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) layer in insects. It protects against desiccation and provides communication signals, especially in social insects. CHC composition is highly diverse within and across species. To understand the adaptive value of this chemical diversity, we must understand how it affects biological functionality. So far, CHCs received ample research attention, but their physical properties were little studied. We argue that these properties determine their biological functionality, and are vital to understand how CHC composition affects their adaptive value. We investigated melting behaviour and viscosity of CHCs from eleven ant species using differential scanning calorimetry and a novel microrheological technique.

Cuticular hydrocarbons began melting below -45°C, and often were entirely liquid only above 30°C. Thus, they formed a solid-liquid mixture at ambient conditions, which contrasts to previous assumptions of entirely solid layers in many species. This may be adaptive since only biphasic CHC layers ensure uniform coating of the insect body, which is necessary for waterproofing. CHC viscosity was mostly between 0.1 and 0.2 Pa.s, thus similar to motor oils. Surprisingly, chemically different CHC profiles had similar viscosities, suggesting that a certain viscosity level is adaptive and ensures that communication signals can be perceived.

With this study, we draw attention to the importance of studying the physics of CHC layers. Only by understanding how chemical and physical mechanisms enable CHC functionality can we understand the causes and consequences of CHC diversification.
Nitrite-induced reductions in heat tolerance are independent of aerobic scope in a freshwater teleost
Authors: Rodgers Essie M. , De Boeck Gudrun
Published: November 2019

Nitrite is a widespread form of pollution which directly lowers the blood oxygen carrying capacity of aquatically respiring species. It is unknown if this impairment of oxygen transport translates into an increased susceptibility to elevated temperatures. We hypothesised that nitrite exposure would lower blood oxygen carrying capacity and decrease both aerobic scope (maximum – standard metabolic rate) and heat tolerance. To test these hypotheses, juvenile European carp (Cyprinus carpio) were exposed to two levels of nitrite (0 mM or 1 mM) for seven days and haematological parameters, critical thermal maxima (CTMax) and aerobic scope were assessed. Nitrite exposure reduced total haemoglobin by 32.9%. Aerobic scope remained unchanged in fish exposed to nitrite; however, marked declines in CTMax (1.2°C reduction) were observed in nitrite-exposed fish. These findings demonstrate that nitrite exposure can significantly impair heat tolerance, even when aerobic capacity is maintained.
Jessica Pierce. Run, Spot, Run: The Ethics of Keeping Pets. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016.
Authors: Kountaki Dimitra
Published: November 2019

In her book Run, Spot, Run: The Ethics of Keeping Pets, bioethicist Jessica Pierce attempts to explore a narrower field of Animal Ethics, the ethics of keeping pets, as the title indicates. Τhere has not been much research in this field, although contemporary literature has dealt with certain issues within its context, such as the issue of euthanasia (Pierce’s previous book, The Last Walk, is dealing with this issue). The author states that her main aim is to lead the reader, by the time he reaches the last page of the book, to no longer be sure if the very practice of keeping pets is moral. Although the author proposes the use of a kinder language for discussing about pet keeping, she uses the accepted language throughout her book.
Using the MR-Base platform to investigate risk factors and drug targets for thousands of phenotypes
Authors: Walker Venexia M , Davies Neil M , Hemani Gibran , Zheng Jie , Haycock Philip C , Gaunt Tom R , Davey Smith George , Martin Richard M
Published: November 2019

Mendelian randomization (MR) estimates the causal effect of exposures on outcomes by exploiting genetic variation to address confounding and reverse causation. This method has a broad range of applications, including investigating risk factors and appraising potential targets for intervention. MR-Base has become established as a freely accessible, online platform, which combines a database of complete genome-wide association study results with an interface for performing Mendelian randomization and sensitivity analyses. This allows the user to explore millions of potentially causal associations. MR-Base is available as a web application or as an R package. The technical aspects of the tool have previously been documented in the literature. The present article is complementary to this as it focuses on the applied aspects. Specifically, we describe how MR-Base can be used in several ways, including to perform novel causal analyses, replicate results and enable transparency, amongst others. We also present three use cases, which demonstrate important applications of Mendelian randomization and highlight the benefits of using MR-Base for these types of analyses.
Implementation of Innovative Educational Project of Additional Professional Education
Authors: Худовердова С. , Khudoverdova S.
Published: November 2019

This article considers the issue of improving the system of improvement of professional skill and retraining of pedagogical guidance and education through the implementation of the automated information system planning “Organization and management of additional professional education”, which is designed to improve the management of the additional professional education and continuous development of teaching staff in the region.
Modeling the Content of the Chemical Training of Future Doctors Based on the Competence Approach
Authors: Волкова С. , Volkova S. , Тютюнькова М. , Tyutyun'kova M.
Published: November 2019

The problem of modeling the content of the chemical training of medical doctors is not new, but it is still urgent. Currently, having the properties of scale, fundamentality, interdisciplinarity, focus on the practice of learning, it is becoming one of the key problems of modern chemical education. The study of the problem of modeling the content of higher education is not so much in the plane of subject didactics as it has reached the state level. So, at the State Council Meeting [14] the task was set to “develop a set of measures aimed at systematically updating the content of education taking into account modern achievements of science and technology, changing students’ needs and society, focusing on the application of knowledge and skills in real life situations”. Our pedagogical experience shows that it is advisable to build promising models for the content of the chemical training of future doctors on the basis of the competence-based approach, guided by the principles of fundamentality, integrativeness, professional orientation, and rational minimization. Knowledge “sewn up” in context is necessary for students to understand the chemical nature of the processes occurring in the human body; close connection of chemistry with medicine, ecology; contribute to the formation of universal, professional, and in some cases professional competencies.
As orationes I, II e III de Símaco e seu impacto no reinado de Valentiniano I
Authors: Schmitt Carlos Eduardo
Published: November 2019

Quinto Aurélio Símaco Eusébio (c. 340-402) possui uma extensa obra, da qual chegaram à contemporaneidade mais de 900 cartas (epistolae), 49 informes (relationes) e 8 discursos (orationes). Suas obras de maior destaque são as Orationes I, II e III, proferidas entre 369-370, e sua Relatio III, escrita durante seu tempo como prefeito de Roma em 384. Tais obras lhe renderam a fama de melhor orador de seu tempo ainda em vida. Nosso trabalho tem como objetivo expor o impacto que as Orationes I, II e III tiveram na carreira do orador e na relação entre o Senado e o reinado de Valentiniano I. A partir de suas Orationes, ressaltaremos a delicada missão do orador, enviado de Roma à Tréveris para servir como ponte entre o Senado e o imperador.
Management of first trimester pregnancy loss: mifepristone plus misoprostol versus misoprostol alone
Authors: Sheerin Madeline R , McDonald Elissa M
Published: November 2019

Miscarriage occurs in 20% of all pregnancies. Misoprostol is implemented alone for the medical management of first trimester pregnancy loss in New Zealand and the UK. However, current research reports mifepristone plus misoprostol is significantly more effective than misoprostol alone. Results from current randomised control trials indicate efficacy rates of mifepristone, plus misoprostol range between 73%-89.3% compared to 34.8%-67.1% for misoprostol alone. Further research is recommended to ascertain medication regimes and associated adverse effects. Current guidelines for the medical management of first trimester miscarriage should be reviewed in regards to implementing mifepristone in management pathways.
Stratifying the mechanical performance of a decellularized xenogeneic tendon graft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction as a function of graft diameter
Authors: Whitaker Samuel , Edwards Jennifer H. , Guy Stephen , Ingham Eileen , Herbert Anthony
Published: November 2019

Objectives

This study investigated the biomechanical performance of decellularized porcine superflexor tendon (pSFT) grafts of varying diameters when utilized in conjunction with contemporary ACL graft fixation systems. This aimed to produce a range of ‘off-the-shelf’ products with predictable mechanical performance, depending on the individual requirements of the patient.

Methods

Decellularized pSFTs were prepared to create double-bundle grafts of 7 mm, 8 mm, and 9 mm diameter. Femoral and tibial fixation systems were simulated utilizing Arthrex suspension devices and interference screws in bovine bone, respectively. Dynamic stiffness and creep were measured, followed by ramp to failure from which linear stiffness and load at failure were measured. The mechanisms of failure were also recorded.

Results

Dynamic stiffness was found to increase with greater graft diameter, with significant differences between all groups. Conversely, dynamic creep reduced with increasing graft diameter with significant differences between the 7 mm and 9 mm groups and the 8 mm and 9 mm groups. Significant differences were also found between the 7 mm, 8 mm, and 9 mm groups for linear stiffness, but no significant differences were found between groups for load at failure. The distribution of failure mechanisms was found to change with graft diameter.

Conclusion

This study showed that decellularized pSFTs demonstrate comparable biomechanical properties to other ACL graft options and are a potentially viable option for ACL reconstruction. Although grafts can be stratified by their diameter to provide varying biomechanical properties, it may be more appropriate to alter the fixation technique to stratify for a greater diversity of biomechanical requirements. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2019;8:518–525.
Digital PCR—An Emerging Technology with Broad Applications in Microbiology
Authors: Salipante Stephen J , Jerome Keith R
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

The PCR and its variant, quantitative PCR (qPCR), have revolutionized the practice of clinical microbiology. Continued advancements in PCR have led to a new derivative, digital PCR (dPCR), which promises to address certain limitations inherent to qPCR.

CONTENT

Here we highlight the important technical differences between qPCR and dPCR, and the potential advantages and disadvantages of each. We then review specific situations in which dPCR has been implemented in clinical microbiology and the results of such applications. Finally, we attempt to place dPCR in the context of other emerging technologies relevant to the clinical laboratory, including next-generation sequencing.

dPCR offers certain clear advantages over traditional qPCR, but these are to some degree offset by limitations of the technology, at least as currently practiced. Laboratories considering implementation of dPCR should carefully weigh the potential advantages and disadvantages of this powerful technique for each specific application planned.
Corporate social responsibility practices in Pakistan: Insights from literature and policy
Authors: Memon Zahid A. , Naqvi Iffat Batool , Khattak Muhammad Aamir Obaid , Memon Muhammad Rashid
Published: November 2019

This article seeks to review the academic literature on corporate social responsibility (CSR), published in the peer-reviewed international research journals in the context of Pakistan. It also examines various national policies and regulatory initiatives, of the government of Pakistan, aimed at promoting CSR. The article relies heavily on CSR-specific international literature to draw implications for the case of Pakistan. Besides, it explores the trends reported in Pakistan-centred CSR literature available. We found that there is a dearth of literature looking into the status of CSR in Pakistan and the regulatory regime too is not strong enough to make corporations adopt CSR in the country. Recommendations for the government and research community have been outlined; hence, the article contributes towards setting and highlighting the future research and policy agenda for CSR in the country.
Application of E-learning in Dental Radiology Education at undergraduate level –a Systematic Review
Authors: Shetty Shishir , Shetty Raghavendra , Halkai Rahul , Prasad Prathiba , Adtani Pooja , Shetty Sunaina
Published: November 2019

With the increase in internet technology as well as the electronic content the web-based learning has become the desirable medium in the field of education. In medical, dental and allied health science education, the conventional method involves the use of textbooks, lectures, and images. But trends suggest that a change is poised in this field. Objective: the systematic review aims to evaluate the literature of studies about the application of the e-Learning methods in radiology education at the undergraduate level in comparison to conventional teaching-learning methods. Material and Methods: prominent scientific databases were searched for literature related to the application of e-Learning in undergraduate radiology education. The search keywords used for the search were- E-learning, dental radiology, oral radiology, undergraduate. English language full text of eligible article was systematically reviewed. Results: seven full text articles were obtained after scrutiny of the available literature. Most of the research work was carried out in the past decade and dental schools in different parts of the world. Almost all the studies showed that e-learning was as either equally effective or more effective when compared to conventional teaching in dental radiology. Conclusion: e-learning could be a suitable alternative to conventional teaching-learning method with significant improvement in student attitude and knowledge however, the influence of e-learning in improving the practical or clinical skills of dental radiography is still debatable.
Editorial
Authors: Cavalcanti Bruno , Cucco Carolina
Published: November 2019

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Capsaicin: A Potential Therapy Adjuvant for Intestinal Bowel Disease
Authors: Santos Elandia A dos , Alvarez-Leite Jacqueline I
Published: November 2019

Most of the patients with inflammatory bowel disease avoid pepper or spicy food, alleging that this condiment causes anal sensation of burning and accelerates intestinal movements. Capsaicin is the main bioactive component of peppers responsible for the pungent flavor that characterizes red peppers. Capsaicin has been related to several biological effects, including decreased body fat, antianti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, antioxidant activites and modulator of intestinal motility. These actions mostly are due to its role as an agonist of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), expressed in the mesenteric nervous system and epithelial cells of the colon. Nonetheless, the anti-inflammatory action of capsaicin is also related to its role in activating the peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). Topical capsaicin formulations are already used for pain management, but oral administration of capsaicin is rare. Here, we discuss the main actions of capsaicin that could interfere with the symptoms and severity of IBD. Although animal experiments suggest a beneficial effect of capsaicin on colitis, clinical studies exploring the potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory of capsaicin on Crohn or Ulcerative Colitis are scarce. We concluded that there is no evidence that capsaicin aggravates IBD symptoms or severity. On the opposite, experimental studies suggest that capsaicin could reduce intestinal inflammation by a mechanism that could involve not only the TRPV1 receptor but also PPAR γ. However, clinical studies are still scarce, and data regarding capsaicin concentrations, routes of administration, and long-term side-effects need to be better understood before its use.
SEGREGAÇÃO E SILENCIAMENTOS NA EXPERIÊNCIA DE MULHERES EM REGIÕES PERIFÉRICAS
Authors: Bordin Marcelo , Machado Maria Izabel
Published: November 2019

O artigo tem por finalidade analisar experiências de mulheres em um bairro do município de Almirante Tamandaré, participantes de um clube de trocas, prática ligada à economia solidária.  O cotidiano das participantes se dá em meio a um contexto de segregação socioespacial e ao acúmulo de desvantagens tais como a pobreza e as assimetrias de gênero. A pergunta de análise, portanto, centra-se no modo como essas mulheres vivenciam a segregação em suas múltiplas expressões. A metodologia para coleta de dados incluiu observação participante e entrevistas individuais e coletivas. Dentre achados de pesquisa, está o desenvolvimento de estratégias de sobrevivência individuais e coletivas e a construção de redes de proteção próxima, a partir dos padrões de sociabilidade e das contingências impostas pelo meio.
İslam Psikolojisinde Gelenekler, Paradigmalar ve Temel Kavramlar
Authors: GENCER Nevzat , SKİNNER Rasjid
Published: November 2019

Psikolojinin
kavramsal araçları, psikoterapistlerin hastalarında ve kendi içlerinde
gözlemledikleri olguların karmaşıklığını açıklamanın yanı sıra tedavinin
sonucunu da öngörmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Doğal olarak, Müslüman psikologlar, ticaretinin
kavramsal araçlarında ve İslam psikolojisinde yazılan şeylerde tatmin arayışı
içerisine girdiler- özellikle de kültürler arası geçersiz olan veya İslami
ilkelerle çelişen Batı Psikolojisinden süzerek ayrılma gereğini ileri sürerek
Batı psikolojisini İslami bir bakış açısıyla eleştiren Badri (Müslüman
psikologların ikilemi, MWH Londra, Londra, 1979) tarafından yazılanlarda. Bu
yazıda Badri’nin (1979) yaklaşımının bir uzantısını savunuyorum ve geleneksel
İslam düşüncesinden türetilmiş benliğin çalışma modelini sunuyorum. İlkel ve eksik olmasına rağmen bu modelin, bir
klinisyen olarak algılarımı bilgim dâhilindeki diğer herhangi bir psikolojik
modelden daha iyi anladığına inanıyorum.
Imaginarios, obras y autores en la literatura latinoamericana: La Cuba poscomunista... ¿un parque temático? Imaginarios utópicos y contrautópicos en La Habana literaria
Authors: Del Vecchio Alejandro
Published: November 2019

La crisis económica y el progresivo derrumbe del ideal del Hombre Nuevo provoca durante los ’90, en Cuba, la emergencia de una nueva tendencia narrativa (denominada «poscomunista», «postsoviética» o «posrevolucionaria» y con representantes como Antonio José Ponte y Pedro Juan Gutiérrez), donde la lógica del intercambio artístico abandona la tutela del gobierno revolucionario para instalarse en una lógica comercial caracterizada por la concepción del propio cuerpo como mercancía o valor de cambio, por el exhibicionismo exacerbado de las voces narradoras y por la consecuente consideración del lector como voyeur. Frente a la utopía carpenteriana, las imágenes literarias de Centro Habana y La Habana vieja en ruinas, las figuras de Castro y Guevara adornando objetos de consumo masivo, y la exótica oferta sexual de la isla afirman un imaginario posutópico usufructuado turísticamente, como si Cuba fuera un parque temático,una reserva natural o un museo a cielo abierto. Cabe preguntarse entonces de qué modo La Habana textual, La Habana hecha de palabras (reinvención, a su vez, de la ciudad geográfica que está fuera de los textos), se constituye en centro generador de un imaginario social donde la utopía dominante del siglo XX resulta irreversiblemente penetrada por la sociedad de consumo.
Relatos, memorias y ficcionalizaciones en el arte: Dos intrigas intermediales (o de la letra a la pantalla y viceversa)
Authors: Gárate Miriam V.
Published: November 2019

El artículo refiere dos intrigas intermediales ocurridas en Brasil durante 1920–1930, a fin de examinar interferencias y diálogos existentes entre escritura e imagen. La primera es protagonizada por Eugenio Pignone, quien arriba a San Pablo en 1921 y poco después se torna objeto de una serie de notas publicadas en diversos jornais. Sus aventuras mobilizan un archivo proveniente del folletín, que actualiza en la prensa un imaginario «fantomático» asociado a la literatura y el cine. Pignone reaparece años después de este episodio como Eugenio Kerrigan, supuesto director ítalo–americano con experiencia en los estudios Vitagraph y Paramount. Rueda cinco películas. Los restos materiales de dicha producción autorizan a postular puntos de contacto entre las peripecias de Pignone y la filmografía de Kerrigan. La segunda intriga es protagonizada por Olympio Guilherme, quien en 1927 gana un concurso promovido por la Fox y se traslada a Los Ángeles con la expectativa devenir astro de cine. Desde allí envía críticas cinematográficas e impresiones personales para la revista Cinearte. En 1929, luego de reiterados fracasos, rueda un filme intitulado Fome. Regresa a Brasil en 1930 y dos años más tarde publica Hollywood, novela da vida real, texto en el que el «mísero fotógrafo» retrata los engranajes de la maquinaria hollywoodense. El libro propone un contrato de lectura según el cual estamos ante un escrito que debe ser leído/visto como si se tratase de una película.
Researching vocational education and training: An international perspective
Authors: Mulder Martin
Published: November 2019

This article investigates a German initiative to fund a research programme on internationaldevelopment cooperation in vocational education and training (VET). It briefly describes the strandsof the programme and critically reflects on them. It is considered important that this programme beinitiated to stimulate research on international VET development cooperation because, while thereare institutes for and programmes on VET research, research on VET is modest in volume comparedwith that of educational research on elementary or secondary education. The article also considerspriority areas for VET research that are part of the programme and expands on these, using a numberof VET research themes and topics. An important conclusion is that in research on international VETdevelopment cooperation it is important to pursue a balanced approach by taking the practical,political, administrative and scientific factors into account. These factors all play a role at the national,regional and local levels. Too much pragmatism or too isolated a scientific specialisation should beavoided. Respectful cooperation between all the stakeholders is imperative, and is especiallyimportant in projects that combine researchers with a predominantly long-term perspective andteachers and managers with a mainly short-term outlook. Finally, I express the hope that morenational governments would follow the example of Germany. Their doing so would definitely raisethe profile of international VET research, which is absolutely needed.
Work-integrated learning for TVET lecturers: Articulating industry and college practices
Authors: Van der Bijl André , Taylor Vanessa
Published: November 2019

South Africa’s policy frameworks for technical and vocational education and training (TVET) and adult and continuing education and training (ACET) lecturers require that the work-integrated learning (WIL) element of programmes include WIL in appropriate ‘industry settings’ to ensure that TVET lecturers develop expertise in both teaching their subjects and preparing their students for the demands of the workplace. Whereas the country’s education faculties have a strongly developed practice of school-based WIL, none currently offers a formal programme that includes WIL in industry. International literature on teacher placement in industry thus largely concerns the in-service placement of practising educators to develop and update their industry knowledge and experience. In South Africa, some institutions have embarked on projects that have developedknowledge of industry WIL for TVET college lecturers, one of these being the SSACI-EDTP SETA WIL for Lecturers Project, through which more than 400 college lecturers have completed a work placement, conducted between 2014 and 2017. It provides a significant amount of information on the possible nature and implementation of the industry-based WIL component of the lecturer qualifications currently being developed. Using the Shulman and Shulman (2004) framework on teacher learning, this article analyses the project. It seeks to deepen the understanding of the nature of lecturer learning through WIL and also to contribute to the national, African and broader international discourse on the placement in industry of vocational educators and articulation between the worlds of work and education.
Towards a conceptual framework for analysing the gendered experiences of women in TVET leadership
Authors: Bonzet René , Frick Liezel
Published: November 2019

Gender inequalities handicap leadership structures in technical and vocational education and training (TVET) colleges in South Africa. TVET women leaders’ gendered experiences are, first, intrinsically connected to both a professional career in TVET and family roles – the two being mutually inclusive – and can, secondly, be linked to three career pathways, namely learning, acquiring and performing leadership roles. Based on the relevant literature, the authors present a conceptual framework where themes include: such women leaders’ demographically influenced experiences; the stages in becoming a leader; gender-related notions and challenges; leadership contexts; and strategies for managing gendered experiences. Based on Maritz’s business coaching model, the framework contends with factors that may influence the current lack of women in TVET leadership. This article raises gender-related issues that are relevant to the entire TVET college sector, including current and future leaders, decision-makers and policy developers.
A Paneitz–Branson type equation with Neumann boundary conditions
Authors: Bonheure Denis , Cheikh Ali Hussein , Nascimento Robson
Published: November 2019

We consider the best constant in a critical Sobolev inequality of second order.
We show non-rigidity for the optimizers above a certain threshold, namely, we prove that the best constant is achieved by a nonconstant solution of the associated fourth order elliptic problem under Neumann boundary conditions.
Our arguments rely on asymptotic estimates of the Rayleigh quotient.
We also show rigidity below another threshold.
Regional exchange, long-distance trade, and local imitations: Liuwan cemetery in the context of the cultural transformation from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age (cca 2000 BC) in the Chinese Northwest
Authors: Maršálek Jakub
Published: November 2019

It is widely acknowledged that in the Qijia Culture Period (cca 2200–1500 BC), the Chinese Northwest participated in a broader network of contacts spanning from the Middle Yellow River Valley to Central Asia. However, opinions differ considerably as one regards the character of those contacts and their role in the genesis of the culture. On one hand, many Chinese scholars view the emergence of the Qijia Culture as a result of large migrations from the East; on the other, some western scholars suggest that a number of western human groups participated in its formation. In the present article we use the model of non-uniform institutional the complexity to explain the emergence of the Qijia Culture. We first point out its continuity with earlier Late Neolithic local cultures, and then focus on the spread of new artefacts and, as evidence suggests, of institutions from the East which led to the transformation of various aspects of the material culture within the broader region of the Chinese Northwest, while other elements – burial rites, for instance – preserved their regional diversity. We suggest that eastern innovations spread partly through channels established earlier within an exchange network of locally produced painted pottery and also in association with local area’s social development. These suggestions are supported by the case study which considers the process of development at the well-known site of Liuwan in the middle reaches of the Huang River Valley, Qinghai Province.
A couple of Observations on a Possible Interpretation of the Úněticean Grave in Holubice, Praha-západ District
Authors: Dobisíková Miluše , Hložek Josef , Menšík Petr
Published: November 2019

The present study is an archaeological and anthropological analysis of a grave pertaining to the Únětice culture and discovered in Holubice, in the Praha-západ district. In the tomb pit the remains of an adult male laid on his right side with his lower limbs sharply bent, had been buried. The skeleton was found to be only partially preserved. Only the frontal bone (os frontale), the major part of the left parietal bone (parietale sin) and a part of the left temporal bone (temporale sin) were preserved. The preserved part of the skull presents signs of a slash trauma including a skull penetration. Even though the bones went through an advanced healing process, the wound had remained open. The nature of the injury indicates that the wound was surgically treated and loose bone fragments were removed. The injury had not been fatal and the individual lived for some time after. The discovered grave is unique not only for its unusual and highly accurately datable grave goods, but above all for standing as proof of the considerable medical knowledge of the people from the Únětice culture.
Nicht nicht schreiben
Authors: Jochum Uwe
Published: November 2019

Der bibliothekarische Mainstream geht davon aus, dass die wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken „Serviceeinrichtungen“ seien, deren Personal nicht Wissenschaft zu betreiben, sondern „Service“ zu erbringen habe. Damit wird nicht nur das Berufsbild der Bibliothekare um seine Geschichte gekürzt, sondern zugleich das Entwicklungspotential der Bibliotheken beschränkt. Wer in dieser Situation nach unbeschränkt-offenen Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten der Bibliotheken sucht, wird diese kaum in den umlaufenden Strategiepapieren finden, sondern einzig in einer Reflexion des eigenen Tuns, einer Reflexion, deren Schriftform eine Einladung zum Dialog ist.
The sub-dialects of South-Western Kurzeme from a historical perspective
Authors: Markus-Narvila Liene
Published: November 2019

This article analyses sub-dialects of the South-Western Kurzeme region in Latvia. The focus is on the most prominent phonetic, morphological and lexical features of these sub-dialects, and their usage in the 21st century. The sub-dialects of South-Western Kurzeme have many characteristic features found in their phonetics and morphology. In the South-Western Kurzeme sub-dialects, there are native lexemes – words from the ancient Curonian language and also borrowed lexemes, as language contact has been an ongoing fact of life in South-Western Kurzeme. This region has been influenced by several languages – both neighbouring and more distant.
Der Vollständigkeit halber
Authors: Onasch Paul
Published: November 2019

This article demonstrates the difficulties of the category ‘completeness’ of historical-critical editions on the basis of letters written by the sculptor, graphic artist and writer Ernst Barlach. The new edition of more than 2000 letters, which will be published at the end of 2019, takes into account that the text carriers of several hundred letters are no longer available. It is possible to distinguish between letter convoys and individual letters that can then be accessed through other letters and documents. There are also printed letters which are no longer available in their original form. In order to do justice to the claim of a (historical-)critical edition based on completeness, all these forms of exploited letters should be depicted in a specific way.
Opportunity Recognition Behavior and Readiness of Youth for Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Zulfiqar Salman , Nadeem Muhammad Athar , Khan Muhammad Kaleem , Anwar Muhammad Azfar , Iqbal Muhammad Badar , Asmi Fahad
Published: November 2019

Social entrepreneurship is a business approach in which entrepreneurs focus on social problems. Social entrepreneurs generate new initiatives, provide social plans and marshal resources with regard to social problems. This study examines the opportunity recognition behavior and readiness of youth for social entrepreneurship as a career choice. The topic is not arranged systematically; hence, this research aims to organize the topic by combining opportunity recognition behavior and willingness of youth toward social entrepreneurship through comprehensive theoretical modeling and empirical testing. The study hypothesized that social capital, social empathy, normative institutional environment, formal education, and training may enhance opportunity recognition behavior, whereas the regulative institutional environment may harm youth opportunity recognition behavior. This study also hypothesized that opportunity recognition behavior can lead to the readiness of youth for social entrepreneurship. Non-probability purposive sampling technique has been used due to selective participation. The data for this research have been collected from Indian, Pakistani, and Chinese youth. A total of 750 questionnaires were distributed among respondents, and 555 were returned for further analysis. The findings conclude that Social Empathy and Education and Training within formal and informal environments hold strong influence while defining individuals’ Social Entrepreneurial Intentions.
Arithmetic lattices in unipotent algebraic groups
Authors: Bou-Rabee Khalid , Studenmund Daniel
Published: November 2019

Fixing an arithmetic lattice Γ in an algebraic groupG, the commensurability growth function assigns to eachnthe cardinality of the set of subgroups Δ with[Γ:Γ∩Δ][Δ:Γ∩Δ]=n{[\Gamma:\Gamma\cap\Delta][\Delta:\Gamma\cap\Delta]=n}. This growth function gives a new setting where methods of F. Grunewald, D. Segal and G. C. Smith’s “Subgroups of finite index in nilpotent groups” apply to study arithmetic lattices in an algebraic group. In particular, we show that, for any unipotent algebraicℤ{\mathbb{Z}}-group with arithmetic lattice Γ, the Dirichlet function associated to the commensurability growth function satisfies an Euler decomposition. Moreover, the local parts are rational functions inp-s{p^{-s}}, where the degrees of the numerator and denominator are independent ofp. This gives regularity results for the set of arithmetic lattices inG.
Vocabulary depends on topic, and so does grammar
Authors: Nakamata Naoki
Published: November 2019

This paper examines the topic-specific words extracted from a contact-situation conversation corpus of Japanese. The corpus that was analyzed contains 38 original Skype conversation sessions of 9 pairs of Japanese learners and native speakers on preselected topics. After manually dividing the entire corpus (approximately 200,000 words) into 13 subcorpora by topic, many substantial words and some function words were extracted as topic-specific. Although previous research has suggested that function words are not topic-dependent, this study shows that Japanese function words do, in fact, have a tendency of occurrence. For example, tense and aspect markers occur frequently for the topic “pop-culture,” while nominative markers and existential sentences occur for the topic “town.” This tendency may represent a fundamental resource for developing materials and textbook for both topic-based ones and grammar-structural ones.
Word recognition in a language with multiple orthographies: A semantic masked-priming study of L1 Mandarin learners of L3 Japanese
Authors: Goss Seth
Published: November 2019

This study explored the organization of the multilingual lexicon in L3 learners of Japanese from an L1 Mandarin Chinese background. Using a masked-priming paradigm, it examined whether native-language translations of Japanese words facilitated the recognition of native-morpheme hiragana words and katakana-script loanwords to a similar degree. Participants performed a lexical decision task on a series of hiragana and katakana words, which were preceded by three prime types: noncognate translations, same-script duplicates, and unrelated words. Results showed an equal magnitude of priming from L1 translations for L3 Japanese targets in both scripts, suggesting that conceptual information is made rapidly available for word recognition via an L1 prime. However, priming in the same-script duplicate condition differed numerically between hiragana and katakana, indicating that lower-familiarity katakana loanwords are not activated as rapidly as words in the more-familiar hiragana script. Findings are discussed in relation to models of the multilingual lexicon.
Dynamic behaviors of a Lotka-Volterra type predator-prey system with Allee effect on the predator species and density dependent birth rate on the prey species
Authors: Chen Fengde , Guan Xinyu , Huang Xiaoyan , Deng Hang
Published: November 2019

A Lotka-Volterra type predator-prey system with Allee effect on the predator species and density dependent birth rate on the prey species is proposed and studied. For non-delay case, such topics as the persistent of the system, the local stability property of the equilibria, the global stability of the positive equilibrium are investigated. For the system with infinite delay, by using the iterative method, a set of sufficient conditions which ensure the global attractivity of the positive equilibrium is obtained. By introducing the density dependent birth rate, the dynamic behaviors of the system becomes complicated. The system maybe collapse in the sense that both the species will be driven to extinction, or the two species could be coexist in a stable state. Numeric simulations are carried out to show the feasibility of the main results.
Algebraic and qualitative remarks about the family yy′ = (αxm+k–1 + βxm–k–1)y + γx2m–2k–1
Authors: Rodríguez-Contreras Jorge , Acosta-Humánez Primitivo B. , Reyes-Linero Alberto
Published: November 2019

The aim of this paper is the analysis, from algebraic point of view and singularities studies, of the 5-parametric family of differential equations

$$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
yy'=(\alpha x^{m+k-1}+\beta x^{m-k-1})y+\gamma x^{2m-2k-1}, \quad y'=\frac{dy}{dx}
\end{array}$$

where a, b, c ∈ ℂ, m, k ∈ ℤ and

$$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
\alpha=a(2m+k) \quad \beta=b(2m-k), \quad \gamma=-(a^2mx^{4k}+cx^{2k}+b^2m).
\end{array}$$

This family is very important because include Van Der Pol equation. Moreover, this family seems to appear as exercise in the celebrated book of Polyanin and Zaitsev. Unfortunately, the exercise presented a typo which does not allow to solve correctly it. We present the corrected exercise, which corresponds to the title of this paper. We solve the exercise and afterwards we make algebraic and of singularities studies to this family of differential equations.
F-biharmonic maps into general Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Mi Rong
Published: November 2019

Let ψ:(M, g) → (N, h) be a map between Riemannian manifolds (M, g) and (N, h). We introduce the notion of the F-bienergy functional

$$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
E_{F,2}(\psi)=\int\limits_{M}F\left(\frac{|\tau(\psi)|^{2}}{2}\right)\text{d}V_{g},
\end{array}$$

where F : [0, ∞) → [0, ∞) be C3 function such that F′ > 0 on (0, ∞), τ(ψ) is the tension field of ψ. Critical points of τF,2 are called F-biharmonic maps. In this paper, we prove a nonexistence result for F-biharmonic maps from a complete non-compact Riemannian manifold of dimension m = dimM ≥ 3 with infinite volume that admit an Euclidean type Sobolev inequality into general Riemannian manifold whose sectional curvature is bounded from above. Under these geometric assumptions we show that if the Lp-norm (p > 1) of the tension field is bounded and the m-energy of the maps is sufficiently small, then every F-biharmonic map must be harmonic. We also get a Liouville-type result under proper integral conditions which generalize the result of [Branding V., Luo Y., A nonexistence theorem for proper biharmonic maps into general Riemannian manifolds, 2018, arXiv: 1806.11441v2].