bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vibration-Based Diagnostics of Non-Ceramic Insulators: Characterization of Signals
Authors: Balogh Dániel , Cselkó Richárd , Csányi Gergely Márk
Published: November 2024

This paper presents an experimental method for testing composite insulators based on vibration testing. The method used investigated the propagation, signal shape, and distortion of excited mechanical waves under the influence of defects. The aim of the method was to identify defects in the core of a composite insulator that cannot be economically detected by currently available diagnostic methods in field conditions. Therefore, this experiment aimed to distinguish between the mechanical waves’ characteristics of damaged and intact insulators using inexpensive tools. This article seeks to provide a basis for mechanical vibration diagnostics of composite insulators by demonstrating that damage to the core can result in a perceptible difference in the characteristics of mechanical waves when testing within the frequency range of audible sound.
Optimization of Real-Time Control Approach: Number, Placement, and Proportional–Integral–Derivative Control Rules of Flow Control Devices in Distributed Flood Routing
Authors: Jalili Hamidreza , Chevalier Lizette , Nicklow John W.
Published: November 2024

Climate change, through more frequent extreme weather events, and urban sprawl, by increasing runoff, are two critical threats to drainage networks, impacting both public health and property. Augmenting drainage networks to withstand additional stress by enlarging conduits or constructing new detention facilities requires a significant financial investment. The goal of this study is to enhance urban resilience by optimizing real-time control (RTC) systems for drainage networks that optimize the flow control devices (FCDs), which could mitigate the need to invest in major construction costs. RTC is an approach that can help mitigate flooding in urban areas. This study is the first to optimize feedback controllers in SWMM, as well as the first to simultaneously optimize the number, location, and proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controllers for FCDs through two nested genetic algorithms (GAs), and especially within a unified environment (i.e., Python), which led to more efficient management of the process, thereby enhancing the efficiency of urban drainage network optimization. This study examined the impact of optimized RTC on the urban drainage network (UDN) in a part of New Orleans, LA, USA, under 1-, 2-, 5-, and 10-year storm events. The optimized RTC resulted in an improvement of up to 50% in network performance during a design storm. The results demonstrate the applicability in an urban environment where storms, flooding, and financial investments are critical to the management of stormwater drainage.
Effects of Forest Operations on Runoff and Sediment Variations in Catchments Under Intense Forest Activity and Climate Stress in the South-Central Chile
Authors: Sanhueza Daniel , Pellegrini Giacomo , Iroumé Andrés , Picco Lorenzo
Published: November 2024

Forestry operations and climate variability affect hydrologic response and sediment transport. Management of forested catchments under intense forestry activity in areas under climatic stress is critical. This study analyzes the impact of forest operations (thinning and clearcutting) on runoff (Q) and suspended sediment loads (SSL) in three small catchments (named N02, N03 and N04, respectively) in south-central Chile, where rainfall has decreased by 20% since 2010. Using modified double mass curves and piecewise regression, we separated the effects of forest practices and climate. Thinning in N02 initially reduced Q and SSL, with stable Q overtime, while final harvest in N03 and N04 increased Q, although less than expected. SSL surged post-harvest: 3.6 times in N03 and 1.8 times in N04, potentially linked to hillslope instability. Major SSL events contributed over 55% of post-harvest sediment yield in both catchments, with maximum yields reaching 7.2 tons ha−1 yr−1 in N03 and 4.1 tons ha−1 yr−1 in N04. SSL recovered to pre-harvest levels by the third year, except during a rainy year. Management practices likely contributed to lower SSL and faster recovery. These findings improve our understanding of catchment responses to forest practices and climate change, aiding sustainable forest and water resource management.
A Mixed Methods Synthesis Investigating the Personal and Ecological Resources Promoting Mental Health and Resilience in Youth Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Cameranesi Margherita , Piotrowski Caroline C.
Published: November 2024

Resilience research is concerned with studying the complex interplay of personal and ecological resources that promote positive adaptation following adversity in different populations. Although much research has investigated adjustment in young persons exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV), most of this research has taken a deficit approach by focusing on the negative cascades of effects that exposure to IPV has on the functioning of this group. In this paper, we discuss a mixed methods integration of two independent strength-based or resilience-focused studies involving Canadian youth exposed to IPV. Study 1 is a qualitative constructive grounded theory study that aimed to identify the coping strategies that youth exposed to IPV use to effectively cope with the traumatic experience of growing up in an IPV-affected family. This study included 13 youths with a history of IPV exposure who completed individual in-depth interviews, the drawing of ecomaps, and photovoice projects. Study 2 is a quantitative population-based study that aimed to identify profiles of adjustment in a cohort of 3886 youth who had previously experienced IPV exposure, as well as the specific risk and promotive factors that significantly predicted membership in the identified adjustment profiles. Both studies independently identified personal and ecological resources that were instrumental in supporting the resilience of study participants. By comparing and contrasting the two sets of findings, the present mixed methods integration provides further evidence on the complex interactions of mechanisms that promote positive adaptation in youth exposed to IPV, which aligns with a multisystemic understanding of resilience in this population. We provided recommendations for practice and policy based on the integrated findings.
Future Health Today: A pragmatic cluster randomised trial of quality improvement activities in general practice for patients at risk of undiagnosed cancer.
Authors: Chima Sophie , Martinez Gutierrez Javiera , Hunter Barbara , Laughlin Adrian , Chondros Patty , Lumsden Natalie , Boyle Douglas , Nelson Craig , Amores Paul , Tran An Duy , Manski-Nankervis Jo-Anne , Emery Jon
Published: November 2024

Background:Diagnosing cancer in general practice is complex, given the non-specific nature of many presenting symptoms and the overlap of potential diagnoses. This trial evaluated the effectiveness of a technology, Future Health Today (FHT), which provides clinical decision support, auditing, and quality improvement monitoring, on the appropriate follow-up of patients at risk of undiagnosed cancer. Methods: Pragmatic, cluster randomised trial in Australian general practice. Practices were randomly assigned to receive recommendations for follow-up investigations for cancer (FHT cancer module) or the active control. Algorithms were applied to the electronic medical record and used demographic information and abnormal test results that are associated with risk of undiagnosed cancer (anaemia/iron-deficiency, thrombocytosis and raised PSA) to identify patients requiring further investigation and provide recommendations for care. The intervention consisted of the FHT cancer module, a case-based learning series and ongoing practice support. Using intention-to-treat approach, between arms difference in the proportion of patients with abnormal test results followed-up according to guidelines was determined at 12-months. Results: 7555 patients were identified as at risk of undiagnosed cancer. At 12-months post-randomisation, 76.2% of patients in the intervention arm had received recommended follow-up (21 practices, n=2820/3709), compared to 70% in the control arm (19 practices, n=2693/3846; estimated between arm difference in percentages=2.6%, 95% CI -2.8% to 7.9%; odds ratio=1.15, 95% CI 0.87-1.53; p=0.332). Conclusions: The FHT cancer module intervention did not increase the proportion of patients receiving guideline-concordant care. The proportion of patients receiving recommended followed-up was high, suggesting a possible ceiling effect for the intervention.
Could a behaviour change intervention be used to address under-recognition of work-related asthma in primary care? A systematic review
Authors: Walters Gareth Iestyn , Foley Harriet , Huntley Christopher Charles , Naveed Anadil , Nettleton Kimberley , Reilly Christopher , Thomas Maximillian , Walker Claire , Wheeler Kyrie
Published: November 2024

Background

Work-related asthma (WRA) is prevalent yet under-recognized in UK primary care.

Aim

We aimed to identify behaviour change interventions (BCI) intended for use in primary care to identify WRA, or any other chronic disease (that could be adapted for use in WRA).

Design & setting

Systematic review

Method

We searched CCRCT, Embase, PsychINFO and Ovid-MEDLINE databases (1946-2023) for studies describing development and/or evaluation of BCIs for case finding any chronic disease in primary care settings, aimed at either healthcare professionals and/or patients. Two blinded, independent reviewers screened abstracts and assessed full text articles. We undertook narrative synthesis for outcomes of usability and effectiveness, and for BCI development processes.

Results

We included 14 studies fromn=768 retrieved citations, comprising 3 randomised control trials, 1 uncontrolled experimental study, and 10 studies employing recognized multi-step BC methodologies. None of the studies were concerned with identification of asthma. BCIs had been developed for facilitating screening programmes (5), implementing guidelines (3) and individual case finding (6). Five studies measured effectiveness, in terms of screening adherence rates, pre-/post-intervention competency, satisfaction and usability, for clinicians, though none measured diagnostic rates.

Conclusion

No single or multi-component BCIs has been developed specifically to aid identification of asthma or WRA, though other chronic diseases have been targeted. Development has used BC methodologies that involved gathering data from a range of sources, and developing content specific to defined at-risk populations, so are not immediately transferable. Such methodologies could be used similarly to develop a primary acre-based BCI for WRA.
General practice characteristics associated with pay-for-performance in the UK: a systematic review
Authors: Srai Rhatica Kaur , Cromwell David , Mays Nicholas , Pettigrew Luisa M
Published: November 2024

Background

The Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF), a pay-for-performance programme, has been the most widespread quality initiative in National Health Service (NHS) general practice since 2004. It has contributed between 25% and 8% of practices’ income during this time, but concerns about its effect on equity have been raised.

Aim

Understand which practice characteristics are associated with QOF performance.

Design and setting

Systematic review, NHS general practice.

Method

MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL+, Web-of-Science and grey literature were searched for studies examining the association between general practice characteristics and QOF performance.

Results

Twenty-two studies, published between 2006 and 2022, exploring the relationship between six population and 15 organisational characteristics and QOF measures were found. Most studies were cross-sectional, of English general practices, and used data from the early years of QOF. A negative association was frequently found between overall QOF performance and socioeconomic deprivation; proportion of registered patients>65; list size; mean general practitioner (GP) age; and Alternative Provider Medical Services contracts. Group practices (versus single-handed); more full-time-equivalent GPs; and being a training practice were frequently associated with better overall QOF performance. The associations of most other characteristics with performance were inconsistent.

Conclusion

Associations with characteristics both within and outside practices’ control were identified. Pay-for-performance instruments may systematically disadvantage practices serving those at greatest risk of ill-health, such as older and more deprived populations. Given the cross-sectional design of many studies and focus on the early years of QOF, more up-to-date evidence is needed to understand if and why these relationships persist.
The Factors Influencing Normal Childbirth Among Midwives Providing National Health Insurance Services in Tabanan Regency
Authors: Widiyanti Ni Putu , Widarini Ni Putu , Suarjana I Ketut
Published: November 2024

Childbirth assisted by network midwives under the National Health Insurance (NHI) is expected to reduce maternal mortality in Tabanan Regency, but low utilization remains a challenge. This study aims to identify factors influencing normal childbirth at NHI network midwives in Tabanan Regency. An exploratory qualitative study was conducted in June 2024. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 11 informants, including midwives, the Head of the Midwives Professional Organization (IBI), representatives from the District Health Office, Social Security Agency (BPJS) Health, and mothers using delivery services in midwives were selected using purposive sampling. The data were analyzed thematically. Network midwives in the NHI scheme demonstrated strengths such as positive attitudes, high motivation, and adequate skills. They also received support from professional organizations, inter-professional collaboration, and government policies, and were trusted by the community. However, challenges include a lack of information about NHI, a limited understanding of administrative procedures, low claim rates, and complex bureaucracy. The positive attitudes, motivation, and skills are strengths of network midwives, but poor knowledge of NHI procedures and low claim rates hinder service utilization. Recommended efforts include improving midwife competencies, strengthening inter-professional collaboration, utilizing social media for education, and reviewing delivery tariffs regularly.
صلاحية القاضي الإداري في إلزام جهة الإدارة بالإفصاح عن سبب القرار
Authors: عبدالواحد هيثم السيد
Published: November 2024

الأهداف: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى الوقوف على الفرق بين سبب القرار الإداري وتسبيبه وكذا استجلاء الغموض الذي يثور بشأن صلاحية القاضي الإداري فى إلزام الجهة الإدارية بالإفصاح عن سبب القرار الطعين فى كل من مصر وفرنسا والتطبيقات القضائية ذات الصلة مع إيضاح الجزاء المترتب على عدم إفصاح الإدارة عن سبب القرار. المنهج : الاعتماد على المنهج المقارن في توضيح موضوع  صلاحية القاضى الادارى فى الزام جهة الادارة بالافصاح عن سبب القرار  من خلال المقارنة بين أنظمة قانونية مختلفة، مع اتباع المنهج التحليلي للنصوص، موضحين المسالك الموفقة للاستفادة منها، واوجه القصور لتلافيها. النتائج: يمكن تلخيص أبرز نتائج الدراسة بما يأتى: أولاً: السبب ركن لازم لقيام القرار الإداري وشرط أساسي لمشروعيته، ولا يكون للقرار وجود دون أن يكون له سبب، بينما التسبيب عنصر غير لازم لمشروعية القرار الإداري إلا في حالة النص على ضرورة تسبيبه ولذلك فالسبب هو عنصر فى الرقابة على القرار باعتباره أساساً للقرار وأحد عناصره الموضوعية، أما التسبيب فهو عنصر فى القرار ويتعلق بالجانب الشكلي وبالمشروعية الخارجية. ثانياً: انطلاقاً من النقطة السابقة والمتمثلة فى أن التسبيب لا يكون لازماً إلا حيث يوجبه القانون أما السبب فهو ركن فى القرار الإداري، فإن عدم التسبيب يؤدي إلي عدم مشروعية القرار لعيب فى الشكل، أما فى حالة عدم وجود سبب للقرار، فيؤدي إلي عدم مشروعية القرار لانعدام السبب. ثالثاً: في حالة عدم تسبيب الإدارة للقرار الإداري لعدم إلزامها قانوناً بذكر الأسباب التي استندت إليها فيفترض فيه أنه قام على سببه الصحيح، وهذه القرينة التي تصحب كل قرار إداري غير مسبب تبقي قائمة إلي أن يثبت المدعي عكس ذلك، أي يثبت أن الأسباب التي بني عليها القرار المطعون فيه هي أسباب غير مشروعة، إمالاً للأصل المتمثل فى أن البينة على من أدعي. الخاتمة: تناولت خلال هذا البحث موضوع صلاحية القاضي الإداري فى إلزام الإدارة بالإفصاح عن سبب القرار الطعين دراسة مقارنة فى القانون المصري والفرنسي وقد تمكنت من خلال تلك الدراسة أن اصل إلي عدة نتائج وتوصيات سأضعها تحت نظر الفقه والقضاء.
الكلمات المفتاحية: القرار – تسبيب – القاضى –افصاح - سبب
PENANGANAN KETIDAKAKURATAN CATATAN INVENTARIS PADA GUDANG DIVISI INFRASTRUKTUR PERHUBUNGAN PT PINDAD
Authors: Nadya Allyssia Putri  , Mohammad Benny Alexandri  , Tribowo Rachmat Fauzan
Published: November 2024

The Transportation Infrastructure Division of PT Pindad is responsible for the management and distribution of materials and components necessary for the company's production and operations. However, this Division often faces issues with inventory record inaccuracies. This inaccuracy occurs due to a discrepancy between the actual stock in the Warehouse and the data in the SAP ERP system. This research aims to analyze the inventory records in the Warehouse of the Transportation Infrastructure Division of PT Pindad using a qualitative descriptive approach method. The results of this study, through fishbone diagram analysis, show that the main cause of inventory record inaccuracies is employees not reserving materials through the ERP SAP system and the absence of SOPs regulating material reservations. As a solution, it is recommended to design Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for the production material request (reservation) process through the ERP SAP system, which includes stages from the production department's material request, inventory management by the Warehouse, to the storage of finished goods back in the Warehouse after the production process is completed.
Repair of Osteoporotic Bone Defects in Rats via the Sirtuin 1-Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway by Novel Icariin/Porous Magnesium Alloy Scaffolds
Authors: Yu Fei , Zhang Geng , Weng Jian , Jia Gaozhi , Fang Chongzhou , Xu Huihui , Xiong Ao , Qin Haotian , Qi Tiantian , Yang Qi , Yuan Guangyin , Zeng Hui , Zhu Yuanchao
Published: November 2024

The slow rate of bone regeneration and repair in osteoporotic defects is one of the difficulties of clinical work. To prepare a novel icariin (ICA)/porous magnesium alloy scaffold and to investigate its effectiveness and possible mechanism in repairing osteoporotic bone defects, bilateral ovariectomy was performed on Sprague-Dawley rats. Then, a cylindrical bone defect was created in the model, and a novel ICA/porous magnesium alloy scaffold was prepared and implanted into the defect. Eight or 12 weeks after repairing, specimens and micro-computed tomography (CT) data were collected. Microscopic observation was fulfilled through hematoxylin and eosin, Goldner, Masson, periodic acid-Schiff, and Sirius red staining. The expression of proteins was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The novel ICA/porous magnesium alloy scaffold was noncytotoxic and biologically safe. After it was implanted into the defect for 8 or 12 weeks, the surface color and smoothness, depth, and area of the defect were better than those in the control group. Besides, there was sufficient osteoid tissue, more mineralized bones, more collagen fibers, and more polysaccharide components in the defect repaired with the ICA/porous magnesium alloy scaffold. These conditions are closer to those of real bones. Moreover, the repair effect improved with the repair time. Compared with those in the control group, the expression levels of Sirtuin 1(SIRT1), Wnt5a, β-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase 3β, alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, bone morphogenetic protein-2, and osteocalcin proteins were elevated in bone tissue after the scaffold was implanted into the defect for 8 weeks (all
P
< 0.05). The novel ICA/porous magnesium alloy scaffold promotes the repair of osteoporotic bone defects in rats, a process that may be achieved through activation of the SIRT1-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
OPTIMIZATION OF AUTOMATED PRODUCTION LINE FOR NANO-COATED FILTER MEDIA
Authors: Tay Kay Vooi  , Lim Joo Eng  , Mum Wai Yip  , Choon Lih Hoo  , Prabhu Rajamamundi
Published: November 2024

Nano-coated filters is crucial in preventing the spread of airborne viruses like COVID-19, influenza, and other respiratory viruses. Nano-coatings with antiviral properties significantly enhance the filter’s ability to capture and deactivate these pathogens, providing essential protection in high-risk environments such as hospitals, public transportation, and indoor spaces. This study focuses on developing a streamlined production system that integrates nano-coating directly onto filter media fabrics, addressing inefficiencies and high costs associated with the current separate nano-coating process. The proposed system features four process stations: unwinding the fabric, spraying nanoliquid, drying, and rewinding the fabric. The integrated system ensures uniform application ofthe nano-coating through rollers and fine atomisation nozzles. The drying process using infrared radiation and heated air with thermocouples provides even heating and effective bonding of the coating. The rewinding process, supported by web guiding, load cells, and feedback signals, maintains proper fabric alignment and tension, ensuring accurate spooling. The cast iron EN9-made structure supports filter materials ranging from 5 kg to 9 kg in weight. The system is powered by a servo motor with 31.75 Nm torque and speed of 111.4 revolution/minute, and a pump operates at 60 psi with 4.4 × 10-7 m3/s flowrate and 6.7 W power. The 13.5 kW curing oven maintains a temperature range of 75oC–80oC for 45 seconds. The automation and integration of these processes into a single continuous production line contribute to the development of more efficient, scalable production methods, and enhance theconsistency of producing high-quality filtration materials.
Pengaruh Kuis Di Awal pada Model Discovery Learning Terhadap Motivasi Dan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XI MIA SMA Angkasa Maros (Studi Pada Materi Larutan Penyangga)
Authors: Khaerunnisa Khaerunnisa , Muharram Muharram , Herawati Netti
Published: November 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kuis di awal pada model Discovery Learning terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar peserta didik SMA Angkasa Maros tahun ajaran 2021/2022 pada materi larutan penyangga. Desain penelitian adalah posttest only control group design terhadap sampel yang digunakan secara random sampling. Populasi adalah peserta didik kelas XI MIA SMA Angkasa Maros yang terdiri dari empat kelas. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak sehingga diperoleh kelas XI MIA 1 sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan kelas XI MIA 3 sebagai kelompok kontrol yang berjumlah masing-masing 24 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara pemberian angket motivasi dan tes hasil belajar pada kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Uji hipotesis menggunakan Mann-Whitney, untuk motivasi belajar diperoleh Zhitung = 1,90 > Ztabel = 1,64 pada taraf signifikan () = 0,05. Sedangkan untuk hasil belajar diperoleh Zhitung = 4,72 > Ztabel = 1,64 pada taraf signifikan () = 0,05. Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya pengaruh kuis di awal pada model discovery learning terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI MIA SMA Angkasa Maros pada materi larutan penyangga.

ABSTRACK
This study aims to determine the effect of the quiz at the beginning of the Discovery Learning model on the motivation and learning outcomes of Angkasa Maros High School students in 2021/2022 on the buffer solution material. The research design is a posttest only control group design to the sample used by random sampling. The population of students in class XI MIA SMA Angkasa Maros which consists of four classes. Sampling was carried out randomly so that class XI MIA 1 was obtained as the experimental group and class XI MIA 3 as the control group which collected 24 people each. Data was collected by presenting motivation questionnaires and learning outcomes tests for the experimental group and the control group. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Hypothesis testing using Mann-Whitney, for learning motivation obtained Zcount = 1.90 > Ztable = 1.64 at a significant level () = 0.05. Meanwhile, for learning outcomes Zcount = 4.72 > Ztable = 1.64 at a significant level () = 0.05. Based on these data, it can be obtained that there is an effect of quizzes at the beginning of the discovery model learning on the motivation and learning outcomes of students in class XI MIA SMA Angkasa Maros on the buffer material.
ANALISIS HASIL BELAJAR YANG DIAJAR MENGGUNAKAN SIMULASI PHET (PHYSICS EDUCATION TECHNOLOGY) PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI IPA DI SMA NEGERI 8 LUWU TIMUR
Authors: Bunga Suharti , Khaeruddin Khaeruddin , Yani Ahmad
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pra eksperimen dengan desain one-shot case study. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan seberapa besar hasil belajar fisika peserta didik melalui penggunaan Simulasi PhET di SMA Negeri 8 Luwu Timur. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar fisika peserta didik setelah diajar menggunakan Simulasi PhET, subjek penelitian menggunakan kelas XI IPA 2. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan tes pilihan ganda hasil belajar pada ranah kognitif. Kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh skor rata-rata sebesar 18.13 berada pada kategori sedang. Tabel distribusi frekuensi menunjukkan pembelajaran fisika secara keseluruhan peserta didik sebesar 3,3% berada pada kategori sangat tinggi, 43,3% berada pada kategori tinggi, 50,0% berada pada kategori sedang, dan 3.3% berada pada kategori rendah. Kata Kunci : simulasi PhET, teori kinetik gas, hasil belajar
ANALISIS KESESUAIAN BUTIR SOAL UJIAN SEKOLAH MATERI FISIKA SMA DENGAN INDIKATOR PENCAPAIAN KOMPETENSI BERDASARKAN REVISI TAKSONOMI BLOOM
Authors: Muawanah Nurul , Khaeruddin Khaeruddin , Helmi Helmi
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasi yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesesuaian butir soal ujian sekolah dengan indikator pencapaian kompetensi yang dibuat oleh pendidik di SMAN 8 WATANSOPPENG. Fokus penelitian ini adalah aspek kognitif dan penggunaan KKO. Data penelitian ini adalah soal ujian sekolah selama tiga tahun mulai tahun 2017 hingga 2019. Data hasil penelitian diperoleh dengan menggunakan tekhnik pilah dan penggolongan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh pada tahun 2017 terdapat 20 soal sesuai, pada tahun 2018 terdapat 22 soal sesuai, dan ditahun 2019 terdapat 21 soal sesuai. Sedangkan untuk penggunaan KKO sudah tepat.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBALAJARAN FISIKA BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Anugrah Akhsan Rian , Arafah Kaharuddin , Haris Abdul
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan aplikasi berdasarkan penilaian ahli materi, ahli media, praktisi pembelajaran Fisika, dan pendapat dari 31 siswa di SMAN 1 Soppeng. Metode penelitian adalah metode Research and Development (RnD) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Adapaun presentasi hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kelayakan media berdasarkan penilaian Ahli materi di 95,37%, Ahli media di 90,21%, Praktisi pembelajaran di 99,19% dan untuk Respon Siswa semua pertanyaan mendapat “Respon Positif” dengan persentase ≥ 70%, . Media pembelajaran berbasis android ini layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran fisika.
STRATEGI METAKOGNITIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DI SMAN 16 MAKASSAR
Authors: Bakri Indah Barliani , Jasruddin Jasruddim , Helmi Helmi
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pra eksperimen dengan desain one group pretest-posttest yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas X di SMAN 16 Makassar. Strategi metakognitif sebagai variabel bebas dan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik sebagai variabel terikat. Subyek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas X MIPA 3 SMAN 16 Makassar. Data dianalisis dengan analisis statistik deskriptif dan uji N-Gain. Berdasarkan hasil analisis deskriptif, rata-rata skor pretest hasil belajar fisika sebesar 3.57 dan berada pada kategori rendah sedangkan rata-rata skor posttest sebesar 7.46 berada pada kategori tinggi. Kemudian hasil analisis dengan uji N-Gain menunjukkan peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis dalam pembelajaran fisika dengan indikator interpretasi, analisis. dan inferensi sebesar 0.65 dalam kategori sedang. Maka disimpulkan bahwa strategi pembelajaran metakognitif dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas X MIPA 3 SMAN 16 Makassar.
FABRIKASI BRIKET BERBASIS CANGKANG DAN PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT
Authors: Andry Muh , Jasruddin Jasruddim , Sulistiawaty Sulistiawaty
Published: November 2024

Biobriket cangkang dan pelepah kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu energi alternatif untuk menanggulangi krisis energi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh komposisi bahan dasar briket cangkang dan pelepah kelapa sawit terhadap kualitas briket yang difabrikasi. Fabrikasi briket dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tiga variasi campuran yaitu 700g CKS + 300g PKS, 600g CKS + 400g PKS, dan 500g CKS + 500g PKS. Pengujian dilakukan untuk mengetahui lama waktu pemakaian dan nilai kalor dari briket, dari tiga variasi campuran  didapatkan waktu pembakaran terlama mencapai 150 menit dengan lama waktu penyalaan awal, yaitu   2 menit. Hal ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh kerapatan dan kandungan air pada briket. Nilai kalor juga mempengaruhi kualitas dari briket. Berdasarkan Hasil analisis nilai kalor, diketahui briket yang telah difabrikasi dengan campuran cangkang dan pelepah kelapa sawit berkisar 1,746 kalori hingga 2,521 kalori. Hal ini disebabkan oleh komposisi campurannya dimana, briket dengan campuran cangkang kelapa sawit lebih banyak dari pelepah kelapa sawit memiliki nilai kalori lebih besar.
ANALISIS X-RAY FLOURESENCE DAN X-RAY DIFFRACTION MINERAL PASIR DAN BATU BESI INDONESIA SEBAGAI MATERIAL MAGNETIK
Authors: Husain Husain , Taryana Yana , Adi Wisnu Ari , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Saleh Muhammad , Dewi Nurmala
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik kimia dan fisis mineral batu dan pasir besi di Indonesia. Sampel batu besi dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari Kalimantan sedangkan sampel pasir besi diperoleh dari Pasir Pantai Takalar. Pengujian XRF (X-ray Flouresence) dan X-ray diffraction dikombinasikan untuk mengetahui unsur penyusun dan struktur kristal kedua sampel. Proses separasi magnetik menggunakan hard permanent magnetic dilakukan untuk memisahkan unsur magnetik dan non-magnetik sampel untuk selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian XRF dan XRD. Hasil pengujian dan analisis menunjukkan bahwa unsur dominan penyusun sampel adalah Fe (besi). Kandungan Fe pada batu dan pasir besi masing-masing adalah sekitar 76 dan 43 %. Sedangkan hasil pengujian XRD menunjukkan bahwa fase dominan kedua sampel adalah Fe3O4 (magnetite) dan Fe2O3 (hematite). Hasil penelitian ini mengimplikasikan bahwa batu dan pasir besi dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber material untuk aplikasi material magnetik karena memiliki unsur dominan Fe dan senyawa besi oksida seperti magnetite.
ANALISIS KEAKTIFAN PESERTA DIDIK DI MAN 2 TASIKMALAYA MELALUI PENGAMATAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN PADA MATERI EFEK DOPPLER DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TRANSCRIPT BASED LESSON ANALYSIS (TBLA)
Authors: Renza Anggela Anggraini  , Nova Susanti  , Rahma Dani  , Gani Hamdani
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengamati dan menganalisis keaktifan peserta didik di MAN 2 Tasikmalaya dengan menggunakan Teknik Transcript Based Lesson Analysis (TBLA). Penelitian ini menggunakan rekaman video pembelajaran yang mencatat proses pembelajaran tentang efek Doppler.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode campuran dengan pendekatan sekuensial eksploratif. Pendekatan ini mengutamakan pengumpulan data kualitatif terlebih dahulu sebelum pengumpulan data kuantitatif. Data kualitatif ini berupa transkrip percakapan atau dialog yang diteliti dengan teknik TBLA. Analisis lebih mendalam terhadap keaktifan peserta didik dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen yang diperoleh dari analisis dialog, yang kemudian disesuaikan dengan kategori keaktifan peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari segi keterlibatan siswa, kegiatan yang paling mencolok meliputi partisipasi dalam menyelesaikan tugas, terlibat dalam pemecahan masalah, dan aktif dalam diskusi kelompok sesuai dengan arahan guru.
PENGARUH KEMAMPUAN SISWA DALAM OPERASI DASAR MATEMATIKA TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR DAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP FISIKA PADA MATERI GERAK LURUS
Authors: Soly Deo Glorya Hutagalung  , Darmaji  , Jeliana Veronika Sirait
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemampuan siswa dalam operasi dasar matematika terhadap minat belajar dan pemahaman konsep fisika siswa SMAN 6 Kota Jambi pada materi gerak lurus. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survey. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kausal asosiatif untuk melihat hubungan sebab akibat antar dua variabel. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Pengambilan data kemampuan siswa dalam operasi dasar matematika siswa dan pemahaman konsep menggunakan instrumen berupa soal tes pilihan ganda, sedangkan untuk data minat belajar menggunakan instrumen kuesioner (angket). Kemudian dilakukan analisis data uji prasyarat dan uji hipotesis menggunakan bantuan software SPSS 26. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji hipotesis dengan taraf signifikansi 5% dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh antara kemampuan siswa dalam operasi dasar matematika terhadap minat belajar fisika siswa SMAN 6 Kota Jambi, dengan presentase kontribusi pengaruh sebesar 1.9% sedangkan 98.1% lainnnya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti. Sedangkan untuk kemampuan siswa dalam operasi dasar matematika terhadap pemahaman konsep dalam materi gerak lurus dapat disimpulkan memiliki pengaruh, dengan persentase kontribusi 7.1% sedangkan 92.9% lainnnya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti. Kemudian untuk persamaan regresi kemampuan siswa dalam  operasi dasar matematika terhadap minat belajar sebesar  yang berarti setiap ada penambahan nilai X sebesar 1 maka nilai Y juga bertambah sebesar 0.256. Untuk persamaan regresi kemampuan siswa dalam  operasi dasar matematika terhadap pemahaman konsep sebesar   yang berarti setiap ada penambahan nilai X sebesar 1 maka nilai Y juga bertambah sebesar 0.353.
KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI MIPA SMA NEGERI 3 MAKASSAR
Authors: Sulbiana  , Abdul Haris  , Ahmad Yani
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian survey yang bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik kelas XI MIPA SMAN 3 Makassar materi Elastisitas. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI MIPA 3, XI MIPA 4 dan XI MIPA 5 yang berjumlah 90 orang. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa hasil tes kemampuan berpikir kritis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik secara keseluruhan berada pada kategori rendah. Sedangkan untuk setiap indikator menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada indikator interpretasi dan evaluasi berada pada kategori rendah dan pada indikator analisis dan inferensi berada pada kategori sangat rendah.
PENGARUH PASIR PANTAI TANJUNG BUNGA SEBAGAI AGREGAT HALUS TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN MORTAR GEOPOLIMER
Authors: Muhamad Brazilun  , Subaer  , Husain
Published: November 2024

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh penambahan agregat halus pasir pantai Tanjung Bunga terhadap sifat mekanik mortar geopolimer. Mortar geopolimer diproduksi dengan bahan dasar fly ash, pasir pantai, NaOH (Natrium Hidroksida), Na2SiO3 (Sodium Silikat), dan H2O (Aquades), dituang ke dalam cetakan dengan ukuran 10 mm dan dirawat (cure) pada suhu 70℃ selama 1 jam. Sampel dibuat 4 komposisi dengan variasi penambahan agregat halus pasir pantai sebesar 0%, 10%, 20%, dan 30%.  Sampel disimpan pada ruang terbuka selama 28 hari. Komposisi unsur/elemen pasir pantai dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRF (X-Ray Fluoresence). Struktur mikro sampel mortar geopolimer yang dihasilkan dipelajari dengan menggunakan SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Struktur kristal sampel mortar geopolimer dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD (X-Ray Diffraction). Sifat mekanik mortar geopolimer diuji melalui kuat tekan (Compressive Strength). Sifat fisik mortar geopolimer dikarakterisasi menggunakan pengukuran massa jenis dan porositas. Hasil penelitian ini menawarkan wawasan baru tentang potensi agregat halus pasir pantai sebagai salah satu bahan alternatife dalam pembuatan mortar maupun beton.
Utilizing Integrated Lung and Inferior Vena Cava Ultrasound for Dry Weight Assessment - Insights from a Single-Center Experience
Authors: Anwar Noor ul ain , Naureen Akhtar  , Shahida Perveen  , Romaisa Sheikh  , Anjum Muhammad Atif , Saud Sahir
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Precise dry weight evaluation holds significant importance for individuals with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis. Fluid overload is associated with an increased likelihood of mortality and morbidity. Ultrasonography aids in assessing dry weight and modifying dialysis prescription.
OBJECTIVE:
To assess the following in ESRD Patients by ultrasonography:

Dry weight and effectiveness of fluid removal
Adjust the dialysis prescription

METHODOLOGY:
A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in the Pediatric Hemodialysis unit at The Children's Hospital Lahore, over 6 months from July to December 2022. The study included 30 children aged 5-16 years undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and exhibiting signs of overload. Ultrasound was performed for B-lines and IVC diameter before and after dialysis. Dialysis prescriptions were modified and patients were monitored through sequential scans. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.
RESULTS: A total of 30 patients were enrolled with 53.3% being males. The average pre-dialysis weight was 25.39 kg, systolic blood pressure was 150.67 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure was 92.6 mmHg. Pre-dialysis pleural and pericardial effusions were observed in 86.7%   patients, while B-lines were present in 63.3%. Majority of children (83%) were on twice-weekly dialysis and remaining were prescribed thrice weekly dialysis. A significant reduction in weight, blood pressure, pleural and pericardial effusion, B-lines, and IVC diameter was found after dialysis. Dialysis prescription was adjusted following the first session, with 80% subjects receiving thrice-weekly sessions, 16.7% daily, and 3.3% twice-weekly dialysis.
CONCLUSION: Monitoring the appropriate fluid removal and adjustments to the dialysis prescription in hemodialysis patients can be accomplished using ultrasonography.
Keywords:  Dry weight, Ultrasound, B-lines, IVC, Dialysis frequency.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Rapid Test for HBsAg and Anti HCV in Swabi, KPK
Authors: Mahboob Amjad , Nazish Babar  , Asim Ali Shah  , Asfandyar Babar  , Bushra Anwar  , Sara Najeeb  , Hina Shams
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Background: Both HBV and HCV are associated with chronicity causing irreversible damage which later may result in cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Conducting sizeable epidemiological studies in order to obtain a detailed and precise data of HBV and HCV infection will enable us to be well equipped with proper awareness about the prevention both in terms of vaccines and treatment options.
Objective: To highlight the importance of dire need of implementing public health measures against the increasing seroprevalence of HBV and HCV in Pakistan.
Setting: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted over a period of 17 months, starting from 7th Nov, 2022 to 31st March, 2024 at Microbiology Laboratory MTI- GKMC/BKMC, Swabi.
Material and methods: A total of 459 blood samples were collected from suspected cases of HBV and HCV infection as they showed a positive result on performing the on spot screening for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) and Anti HCV through rapid immunochromatography (ICT). The samples which showed positive results through ICT were subjected to confirmation by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Demographic data was also recorded. Permission from IRB was duly seeked.
Results: Out of a total of 459 (ICT positive) HBV and HCV samples received at Virology section, 117 were of HBV, whereas 342 were of HCV.
Out of the total 117 ICT positive HBV cases 60 were males and 57 were females. On subjection to confirmation by PCR 36 males and 18 females were confirmed positive by PCR.
Similarly, out of the total 342 ICT positive HCV samples, 145 were males, whereas 197 were females, which upon subjection to confirmation by PCR, showed 104 males and 86 females confirmed positive by PCR.
Conclusion: The being reported burden of HBV and HCV, stresses upon the policy makers to prioritize steps for efficient and adequate therapeutic and preventive measures for the effective reduction in the burden of HBV and HCV in Pakistan.
Key words: HBV, HCV, immunochromatography, PCR
Cross-Sectional Study for the Detection of Glioblastoma on Spectroscopy with Histopathology as Gold Standard
Authors: Ahmad Ahson , Mobeen Muhammad , Suhail Beenish , Raza Farheen , Muhammad Nauman Malik  , Shahid Sara
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive brain tumors. Patients with GBM typically experience an irreversible return of the disease despite receiving multimodal treatment including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. GBMs typically exhibit poor vascularization and fast cell growth, which frequently results in tumor regions with insufficient oxygen supply. This study's goal is to ascertain, using histopathology as the gold standard, the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the diagnosis of glioblastoma.
Methods: 83 participants were engaged in this six-month cross-sectional descriptive study that was carried out at the Department of Radiology, Shifa International Hospital in Islamabad. For each of these individuals, a single voxel approach was used for MR spectroscopy. To locate the lesion, post-contrast conventional MR imaging was first performed. A voxel was then placed on the region of interest. The pathology department at Shifa International Hospital in Islamabad received specimens from patients undergoing intracranial biopsies for histopathological investigation. The results of the MRS were then compared with the histopathology report.
Results: The patients' average age was 52.2±12.6 years. 34 females (51%), and 49 males (59%) were present. The average length of the illness was 2.0±1.7 years, and the average lesion size was 54.3±26.9 mm. The results of MR spectroscopy diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis of glioblastoma were 91.5%, with sensitivity being 90.7%, specificity being 94.4%, positive predictive value being 98.3%, negative predictive value being 73.9%.
Conclusion: To sum up, this study showed that magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a valuable tool for glioblastoma diagnosis.
Association between Myopia and Central Corneal Thickness among Patients in a Tertiary Care PAF Hospital
Authors: Arsh Zahoor  , Khan Muhammad Azam , Khattak Irfan Aslam , Shakeel Ayisha , Saleem Maria , Haider Shaista
Published: November 2024

Objectives
Central corneal thickness (CCT) measurement is important in the estimation of intraocular pressure (IOP). It is also important when decision has to be made regarding refractive surgery. Studies conducted to determine the relationship between myopia and CCT have produced debatable outcomes. While some studies have found a negative correlation between CCT and the degree of myopia, many others have reported no significant correlation between the two. We attempt to study the relationship between them among patients attending the Ophthalmology department of a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.
 
Methods
This was a prospective cross-sectional study that was conducted at the department of Ophthalmology, PAF Hospital, E9 Islamabad. The study was conducted over a period of four months, from March to June, 2024. Participants were enrolled using non-probability, consecutive sampling. The central corneal thickness was measured and compared in myopic and emmetropic patients.
Results
In this study we examined 100 eyes of 50 participants. 50 eyes were myopic while the other 50 were emmetropic. There was a statistically significant difference between these two means (P=0.009) and so CCT was found to be thinner in myopic patients. However, no correlation was seen between CCT and the degree of myopia (P=0.055). Our study found no significant relation between CCT and age or gender.
Conclusion
There is a statistically significant difference between the mean CCT of emmetropes and myopes, with myopic eyes having thinner corneas. However, no significant difference is seen in the CCT according to the degree of myopia.
Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders at Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi
Authors: Jamna Dass Rajesh , Kiran Zareen , Ali Baloch Akhtar , Ali Shaikh Wajid
Published: November 2024

Background & Objective: Vitamin D deficiency is commonly observed in patients with autoimmune thyroid disorders, potentially influencing disease severity and management. This study aimed to ascertain the magnitude of vitamin D deficiency in those with autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITDs).
Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha Campus, Karachi, Pakistan from February 2024 to June 2024. Patients who attended the outpatient department and were diagnosed with AITDs, such as autoimmune hypothyroidism and Grave's disease, based on positive anti-thyroid antibodies were included in the study. The 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in these patients were then measured.
Results:
The study had 60 participants, with a mean age of 35.23 ± 9.934 years. The majority of participants had low vitamin D levels (28.3% had insufficient and 48.3% had deficient levels). Additionally, it was discovered that vitamin D status and AITDs were related, where a majority of individuals had low vitamin D levels (P-value = 0.014). Further, it was revealed that anti-TPO antibodies followed by the presence of anti-TG antibodies were more indicative of low vitamin D levels.
Conclusion:
The individuals with AITDs, specifically hypothyroidism had a noticeably higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency followed by insufficiency.