bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
When Brands (Don’t) Take My Stance: The Ambiguous Effectiveness of Political Brand Communication
Authors: Jungblut Marc , Johnen Marius
Published: April 2021

Brands increasingly take a stance on political issues, whereas consumers increasingly choose to either support a brand by buying their products (“buycotting”), or turn away from a brand (“boycotting”) for political reasons. While buycotts can be understood as a rewarding and cooperative form of mostly individual behavior, boycotts are a conflict-oriented form of collective punishment. Even though research has acknowledged these conceptual differences, studies have failed to analyze the difference in the absolute effect of consumers’ disapproval and approval. Moreover, research to date has not identified boundary conditions that might explain variation in the difference between consumers’ willingness to boycott or buycott. This research investigates this different effectiveness by conducting two experiments with different sets of brands, issues, and countries. Our results suggest that boycotting outweighs buycotting, implying that political brand communication is a risky strategy. Furthermore, we identify consumers’ political interest and category involvement as moderators of this imbalance.
Fat women, performance and subversive commodification on Ghanaian reality television
Authors: Resario Rashida , Darkwah Akosua K
Published: April 2021

Critics of weight loss reality shows often present the contestants as victims of commodification and exploitation without any form of agency. This paper seeks to contest this one-sided view of such shows. It draws on interviews with the producers and 19 contestants in the first season of a dance reality show in Ghana, the Di Asa show, as well as recorded video performances online. We argue that indeed the show was organised in a manner that commodified the contestants for purposes of improving the ratings of the private television station that hosted the show. However, to read these contestants purely as commodified objects misses half the story. We demonstrate that these contestants participated in the show with parallel motives to that for which the producers created the show, and were successful in their endeavours. They thus engaged in what we call subversive commodification, a situation where the object of commodification actively takes part in the commodification process to gain benefits that accrue solely to them and not the subject of commodification.
Brexit and the future of the UK constitution
Authors: White Stuart
Published: April 2021

This article discusses the potential for constitutional impact of Brexit on the United Kingdom’s constitution. Some argue that Brexit entails the restoration of effective parliamentary sovereignty and, thereby, a reaffirmation of the UK’s traditional constitution. However, Brexit increases pressure on unstable points in the traditional constitution, making other outcomes possible. One possibility is the emergence of a ‘populist’ democracy which, while retaining the legal framework of the traditional constitution, gives the UK executive greater power relative to the UK parliament, judiciary and devolved governments. The institution of referendum might also have a distinctive place within this new populist democracy, though the constitutional status of the referendum remains very unclear. In this scenario, UK developments have something in common with shifts towards ‘post-liberal’ and ‘populist’ polities in other nations. Alternatively, the pressures increased by Brexit might yet push the UK – or post-UK – further in the direction of democratic constitutionalism, ultimately making it a more ‘normal’ – ironically, perhaps a more ‘European’ – democratic state.
Urgent coronary artery bypass graft surgery supported by veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a report of two cases
Authors: Abdalghafoor Tamer , Shoman Bassam , Salah Omar Amr , Shouman Yasser , Almulla Abdulwahid
Published: April 2021

Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices, especially veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) devices, are increasingly used to shore complex cardiac procedures in high-risk patients. We are reporting two cases where patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) under support of VA-ECMO in the setting of cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction. The patients had different courses, but both survived the initial insult and were weaned successively from VA-ECMO. Our report indicates that VA-ECMO can be used instead of the cardiopulmonary bypass machine (CPB) to support the circulation during CABG surgery in patients with complex coronary anatomy and unstable haemodynamics. Future studies focusing on the long-term outcomes of such patients will probably help to establish the optimal management of this type of patients.
Mutual support between patients and family caregivers in palliative care: A systematic review and narrative synthesis
Authors: McCauley Rachel , McQuillan Regina , Ryan Karen , Foley Geraldine
Published: April 2021

Background:

Patients in palliative care are usually conceptualised as recipients of support from family caregivers. Family caregivers in palliative care are typically defined as providers of support to patients. Little is known about reciprocal dimensions of support provision between patients and family caregivers in palliative care.

Aim:

To identify processes of mutual support between patients and family caregivers in palliative care and factors that contribute to or obstruct mutual support between patients and family caregivers in palliative care.

Design:

Systematic review and narrative synthesis of original peer-reviewed research published between January 2000 and March 2020.

Data sources:

Medline, CINAHL, Embase, AMED, PsycINFO and PsycARTICLES.

Results:

After full-text screening, 10 studies were included. We identified that patients and family caregivers in palliative care can support one another by mutually acknowledging the challenges they face, by remaining positive for one another and by jointly adapting to their changing roles. However, patients and family caregivers may not routinely communicate their distress to each other or reciprocate in distress disclosure. A lack of mutual disclosure pertaining to distress can result in conflict between patients and family caregivers.

Conclusions:

Few studies have focused in whole or in part, on reciprocal dimensions of support provision between patients with advancing non-curable conditions, and their family caregivers in palliative care. Further research is required to identify key domains of mutual support between patients and family caregivers in palliative care.
Gallbladder gangrene after percutaneous vertebroplasty, an uncommon presentation of vascular complication: a case report and analysis of the causes
Authors: Yu Hanxiang , Peng Yanhui , Tuo Hongfang , Wang Chuncheng , Jia Lin , Zhang Wanxing
Published: April 2021

We present a case of an 81-year-old man with gallbladder gangrene after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV) that was successfully treated via laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The patient underwent multilevel, thoracic PV for painful osteoporotic compression fractures. PV performed at the T6 level was complicated by severe abdominal pain owing to direct embolization of the right T6 segmental artery with penetration of bone cement into the radicular artery beneath the pedicle. Cement leakage, especially arterial embolization of cement into the general circulation, is a known potential complication following PV. Serious complications related to PV augmentation procedures, such as vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty, are rare and most often result from local cement leakage or venous embolization. Combined with this case report, we reviewed the literature regarding the unusual occurrence of direct arterial cement embolization during PV and analyzed the causes to alert clinicians to this potentially rare vascular complication.
Music and COVID-19: Changes in uses and emotional reaction to music under stay-at-home restrictions
Authors: Ziv Naomi , Hollander-Shabtai Revital
Published: April 2021

During stay-at-home orders in response to COVID-19, individuals had to deal with both health-related fear and anxiety and the difficulties related to social distancing and isolation. The present study, conducted in Israel shortly after the first lockdown was lifted, at the end of May 2020, examined individuals’ subjective evaluation of differences in their music listening habits and emotional reaction to music compared with normal times. A total of 200 participants filled an online questionnaire focusing on three issues: (1) changes in amount and situations of music listening. These included reference to new music clip types recently created and directly related to COVID-19 and its effects ( Corona Clips); (2) changes in intensity of emotions experienced in reaction to music; and (3) changes in general emotions. For most participants music listening and uses remained similar or increased. Both emotional reaction to music general negative and socially related emotions were stronger than under normal circumstances. Music uses and emotion scales were correlated with socially related emotions. The results support previous findings regarding the use of music for mood regulation and the importance of music as a means for social contact and provide a demonstration of subjective evaluation of these functions in real-time coping during a global crisis.
Performance Evaluation of Different Insulating Materials using Field Temperature and Moisture Data
Authors: Huang Yunyan , Molavi Nojumi Mohamad , Hashemian Leila , Bayat Alireza
Published: April 2021

Including insulation layers in pavement structures has become a common strategy to minimize frost penetration in cold regions. This study investigated the performance of two different insulation materials, extruded polystyrene board and bottom ash, in a test road in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, eight years after construction. The two insulation materials were used in a fully instrumented test road, including three insulated sections 20 m in length. The insulated sections are as follows: the first section has 1 m of bottom ash (B. Ash), the second section has a 10 cm polystyrene layer (Poly-10), and the third section has a 5 cm polystyrene layer (Poly-5). Both B. Ash and polystyrene layers were placed on top of the subgrade layer, at a depth of 70 cm from the surface. A conventional section next to these three sections was used as the control section. Volumetric water content data and temperature variation were used to analyze the influence of the insulation materials on the subgrade. It was concluded that both B. Ash and Poly-10 layers protected the subgrade from freezing. The Poly-10 section showed the lowest rate of change in subgrade temperature during the monitoring period. B. Ash and Poly-10 reduced the frost depth by 23% and 70% compared with the control section, respectively. It was concluded that Poly-10 protected the subgrade soil from freezing and excessive moisture more effectively than B. Ash; however, the temperature in the layer above the insulation layers (pavement base layer) was significantly lower during winter for the Poly-10 section.
Systematic Review of Research on Driver Distraction in the Context of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems
Authors: Hungund Apoorva P. , Pai Ganesh , Pradhan Anuj K.
Published: April 2021

Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) promise improved driving performance and safety. With ADAS taking on more vehicle control tasks, the driver’s role may be reduced to that of passive supervision. This in turn may increase drivers’ engagement in non-driving-related tasks, thereby potentially reducing any promised safety benefit. We conducted a systematic review, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, to study the relationship between ADAS use and driver distraction. Four research questions were addressed—two questions examined the effect of ADAS on secondary task engagement, and the quality of secondary task performance, and two addressed the effects of ADAS on driver attention and on driver behavior changes caused by secondary task engagement. Twenty-nine papers were selected for full text synthesis. The majority of the papers indicate an association between ADAS and increased secondary task engagement, as well as improved secondary task performance. Ten papers reported that drivers tend to divert their attention to secondary tasks and away from driving tasks. These outcomes highlight the continued importance of the role of the human driver despite vehicle automation, especially in the context of driver distraction, and that user understanding of ADAS functionalities and limitations is essential to appropriate and effective use of these systems.
Clinical Outcome of a Modified Coracoid Tunnel-Free Coracoclavicular Sling Technique With Remnant Preservation for the Treatment of High-Grade Acromioclavicular Joint Separation: A Report of 48 Cases With 2 to 5 Years of Follow-up
Authors: Li Fenglong , Li Yue , Lu Yi , Zhu Yiming , Jiang Chunyan
Published: April 2021

Background:

High-grade acromioclavicular (AC) joint separation injuries (Rockwood type IV or V) are surgically indicated because of complete disruption of the AC and coracoclavicular (CC) ligaments, leading to instability and pain. In surgical techniques that require a suspensory system, coracoid tunnel-related complications are not uncommon.

Purpose:

To report subjective and objective clinical outcomes and complication rates of a modified coracoid tunnel-free CC sling technique combined with CC ligament remnant preservation for a minimum 2-year follow-up.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

Between January 2014 and January 2017, we prospectively enrolled patients who underwent a modified CC sling technique performed by 1 senior surgeon using the AC TightRope System in a coracoid tunnel-free fashion. The CC distance (CCD) and Rockwood AC joint classification were evaluated on radiographs preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at the final follow-up. The visual analog pain score, range of motion, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, Constant-Murley score, and University of California Los Angeles score were recorded preoperatively and at the final follow-up.

Results:

In total, 48 of 54 patients (88.9%) were included for the evaluation with a mean ± SD follow-up of 39.3 ± 8.9 months (range, 24.7-64.3 months). The CCD was significantly decreased from 22.7 ± 4.2 to 9.8 ± 2.3 mm ( P < .01) immediately after surgery and to 11.2 ± 1.8 mm ( P < .01) at final follow-up. At the final follow-up, the side-to-side difference of CCD was 3.5 ± 0.6 mm. Compared with the preoperative level, all subjective evaluations were significantly improved at the final follow-up. We observed that 4 of the 48 patients (8.3%) had a loss of reduction at the final follow-up, but no pain or instability was documented. Further, no coracoid-related complication or other complications were recorded.

Conclusion:

The coracoid tunnel-free CC sling technique using the AC TightRope System combined with CC ligament remnant preservation demonstrated significant improvement regarding both clinical and radiological outcomes, with a reduction loss rate of 8.3%. It is a safe method that could achieve satisfactory result without any coracoid drilling-related complications.
Norming the Muses: Establishing the Psychometric Properties of the Kaufman Domains of Creativity Scale
Authors: Kapoor Hansika , Reiter-Palmon Roni , Kaufman James C.
Published: April 2021

The Kaufman Domains of Creativity Scale (K-DOCS; Kaufman, J. C. (2012). Counting the muses: Development of the Kaufman domains of creativity scale (K-DOCS). Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 6(4), 298-308. doi:10.1037/a0029751) is a self-report assessment of five creative domains: Everyday, Scholarly, Performance, Scientific, and Artistic. This investigation was designed to reassess the factor structure of the K-DOCS, examine its measurement invariance across men and women, and develop norms across the five domains. Data on 22,013 American participants who had completed the assessment as part of past or ongoing studies between 2012 and 2020 were collated across multiple samples. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that both five- and nine-factor solutions had superior fit compared to a one-factor solution. The models were also gender invariant, indicating that creative domains were assessed similarly across male and female samples. Norms across gender and age-groups were provided to enable future comparisons in research settings; it is not recommended to use these norms in clinical or diagnostic contexts. The investigation concluded that the K-DOCS is a robust psychometric tool for the self-assessment of creativity across domains.
A Comparison of Two Diabetes Self-Management Education Programs for the Reduction of Participant A1c Levels
Authors: Sharpless Edward , Borkowski Nancy , O’Connor Stephen J. , Hearld Larry , Szychowski Jeffery
Published: April 2021

Purpose:

Compare the effectiveness of two educational teaching methods for diabetic patients.

Design:

Quasi-experimental study comparing two interventions using a pretest/post-test design.

Setting:

Three clinics within a western U.S. regional health system.

Subjects:

818 adult diabetic participants (60.5 mean age, 52% female) attended one to four sessions between 2013-2017, and had A1c tests within 180 days of first attended session and 30 to 365 days after last attended session.

Intervention:

A group-based, highly interactive learning experience (n = 561) and a traditional, lecture-style class (n = 257).

Measures:

Pre and post measures of A1c.

Analysis:

Paired t-tests measured change within each group pre-post intervention. Two-sample t-tests measured mean change pre-post intervention between the two groups. Multivariable linear regression measured mean change in A1c between groups, adjusted for pre-test scores and controlling for demographic variables.

Results:

Both interactive and traditional teaching interventions were effective at significantly reducing patient A1c levels by 1.3 ( p < 0.001) and 1.0 ( p < 0.001) points respectively. The between groups difference in A1c was not significant, t(512) = 1.66, p = 0.0985, but when controlling for age, pre-A1c and days post-A1c, the interactive intervention was significantly ( p < 0.05) more effective reducing patient A1c levels by 0.19 points than the traditional intervention.

Conclusion:

Group-based, interactive diabetes self-management education programs may be an effective model for reducing patient A1c levels.
Does Late-Life Depression Counteract the Beneficial Effect of Physical Activity on Cognitive Decline? Results From the NESDO Study
Authors: Henstra Marieke , Giltay Erik , van der Mast Roos , van der Velde Nathalie , Rhebergen Didi , Rius Ottenheim Nathaly
Published: April 2021

Objectives:

Depression both affects physical activity (PA) and cognition in older persons, yet its impact on the association between PA and cognitive decline is to be determined. We aimed to investigate the association between baseline PA and cognitive functioning over time, stratified for depression.

Methods:

We used data of the Netherlands Study of Depression in Older persons (NESDO), a multi-site cohort study with 6-years follow-up. Patients with complete data on PA and cognitive functioning at baseline were included, yielding 394 participants for the analyses of whom 297 were depressed and 97 non-depressed. PA (continuous) was measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Linear mixed models were used to determine differential effects of baseline PA on the rate of decline of 5 standardized outcomes of cognitive functioning over 6-year follow-up. For this purpose, we examined the significance of the interaction-term (PA*time) in both basic and adjusted models. We also assessed the association between time and cognitive functioning. All analyses were stratified for depression.

Results:

In both groups, no robust significant interactions of PA with time were found. Furthermore, only decline in working memory was significantly worse in the depressed compared to the non-depressed.

Conclusion:

At older age, the impact of a more inactive lifestyle on cognitive decline was shown to be limited, irrespective of depression that appeared to worsen age-related decline of working memory only. As a higher PA-level at older age has a positive effect on a multitude of other health outcomes, PA should still be encouraged in this population.
Midlife Marital and Financial Stress and the Progression of Later-Life Health Problems for Husbands and Wives
Authors: Wickrama Kandauda A. S. , O’Neal Catherine W.
Published: April 2021

Objectives: Locating the family systems theory within the life course stress process perspective, this study investigates how husbands’ and wives’ marital and financial stress were implicated in their subsequent physical health, psychological distress, and loneliness. Methods: Using prospective data from 254 husbands and wives over 27 years, a path model examined the influence of marital stress and family financial stress during midlife (40–50 years) on later-life (65+ years) physical health, psychological distress, and loneliness. Results: For wives, loneliness was a mechanism linking marital stress to their health outcomes and their husbands’ physical health. For husbands, physical health was a mechanism linking financial strain to husbands’ health outcomes and wives’ physical health. Discussion: The findings emphasize the consideration of midlife financial and marital stress for policies and programs for older adults, particularly the prevention of loneliness and improving interpersonal processes, as ways to protect from earlier stressful experiences.
Ownership Variation in Violated Regulations and National Care Standards: Evidence From Social Care Providers
Authors: Bach-Mortensen Anders M. , Movsisyan Ani
Published: April 2021

Social care services are increasingly provisioned in quasi-markets in which for-profit, public, and third sector providers compete for contracts. Existing research has investigated the implications of this development by analyzing ownership variation in latent outcomes such as quality, but little is known about whether ownership predicts variation in more concrete outcomes, such as violation types. To address this research gap, we coded publicly available inspection reports of social care providers regulated by the Care Inspectorate in Scotland and created a novel data set enabling analysis of ownership variation in violations of (a) regulations, and (b) national care standards over an entire inspection year ( n = 4,178). Using negative binomial and logistic regression models, we find that for-profit providers are more likely to violate non-enforceable outcomes (national care standards) relative to other ownership types. We did not identify a statistically significant difference between for-profit and third sector providers with regard to enforceable outcomes (regulations).
Miniaturized near-infrared instruments in dairy products or dairy industry: First steps in a long-distance race?
Authors: Riu Jordi , Gorla Giulia , Giussani Barbara
Published: April 2021

Near-infrared spectroscopy using benchtop instrumentation is widely used in the analysis of dairy products or in the dairy industry. In this paper, we review the use of miniaturized near-infrared instrumentation in dairy products or in the dairy industry, highlighting some strengths and limitations of current devices.
Medication adherence is influenced by resilience in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Mendoza-Pinto Claudia , García-Carrasco Mario , Campos-Rivera Sandra , Munguía-Realpozo Pamela , Etchegaray-Morales Ivet , Ayón-Aguilar Jorge , Alonso-García Norma Edith , Méndez-Martínez Socorro
Published: April 2021

Objective

Evidence on the relationship between resilience and medication adherence in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients is lacking. We aimed to examine the impact of resilience on medication adherence in SLE patients.

Method

In a cross-sectional analysis SLE outpatients were assessed for resilience (Connor-Davison Resilience Scale, CD-RISC), depressive symptoms (CES-D) and medication adherence (Compliance Questionnaire for Rheumatology [CQR]). The disease activity index (mexSLEDAI) and damage (SLICC Damage Index) were administered. Factors independently associated with adherence were identified using multivariate logistic regression.

Results

Of the 157 patients, 152 (96.8%) were female with a median age of 45.9 (IQR: 39.0-55.5) years and disease duration of 14 (IQR: 10.0-19.0) years. Medication adherence (CQR ≥80%) and depressive symptoms were found in 74.5% and 43.9% of patients, respectively. Adherent patients had a lower CES-D score and a higher CD-RISC score. In the multivariate analysis adjusting for demographic and clinical confounders, resilience and older age protected against non-adherence (OR 0.96, [95% CI 0.94-0.99] and OR 0.96 [95% CI 0.93-0.98], respectively).

Conclusion

In SLE patients, resilience and older age, which possibly associated with better medication adherence, may protect against non-adherence.
Engagement in Continuing Subject Knowledge Development: A Year After Short-Term International Courses
Authors: Sakurai Yusuke
Published: April 2021

This article examines how students’ subject knowledge acquired in short-term international courses (SICs) developed while engaging in university studies in the year following their SICs. It also explores factors associated with their engagement and disengagement. Two interviews with a 1-year interval with 25 students revealed their transformations in their SIC subject matter knowledge. Some students’ engagement in continuing studies of the SIC-related subject matter was supported in a multifaceted manner by their personal motivation, teaching-learning environment, educational structure, and wider social relationships. However, the analysis demonstrated that many students discontinued deepening their knowledge of the subject matter. Students’ personal factors and certain dimensions of the institutional educational system explained their disengagement in continuing studies. Concerning the continuing SIC impacts on students in interdisciplinary liberal arts programs, the study discusses some suggestions drawing on the concepts of integrative learning and formative assessment.
Preparedness to Face the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hospice and Palliative Care Services in the Asia-Pacific Region: A Rapid Online Survey
Authors: Lin Cheng-Pei , Boufkhed Sabah , Kizawa Yoshiyuki , Mori Masanori , Hamzah Ednin , Aggarwal Ghauri , Namisango Eve , Higginson Irene J. , Goh Cynthia , Harding Richard
Published: April 2021

Background:

Hospice and palliative care services provision for COVID-19 patients is crucial to improve their life quality. There is limited evidence on COVID-19 preparedness of such services in the Asia-Pacific region.

Aim:

To evaluate the preparedness and capacity of hospice and palliative care services in the Asia-Pacific region to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method:

An online cross-sectional survey was developed based on methodology guidance. Asia-Pacific Hospice and Palliative Care Network subscribers (n = 1551) and organizational members (n = 185) were emailed. Descriptive analysis was undertaken.

Results:

Ninety-seven respondents completed the survey. Around half of services were hospital-based (n = 47, 48%), and public-funded (n = 46, 47%). Half of services reported to have confirmed cases (n = 47, 49%) and the majority of the confirmed cases were patients (n = 28, 61%). Staff perceived moderate risk of being infected by COVID-19 (median: 7/10). > 85% of respondents reported they had up-to-date contact list for staff and patients, one-third revealed challenges to keep record of relatives who visited the services (n = 30, 31%), and of patients visited in communities (n = 29, 30%). Majority of services (60%) obtained adequate resources for infection control except face mask. More than half had no guidance on Do Not Resuscitate orders (n = 59, 66%) or on bereavement care for family members (n = 44, 51%).

Conclusion:

Recommendations to strengthen the preparedness of palliative care services include: 1) improving the access to face mask; 2) acquiring stress management protocols for staff when unavailable; 3) reinforcing the contact tracing system for relatives and visits in the community and 4) developing guidance on patient and family care during patient’s dying trajectory.
Mind the Gap: Alveolar Bone Graft Revision in the Era of Computed Tomography
Authors: Zubovic Ema , Skolnick Gary B. , Said Abdullah M. , Nissen Richard J. , Snyder-Warwick Alison K. , Patel Kamlesh B.
Published: April 2021

Objective:

To determine the rate of revision alveolar bone grafting (ABG) in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) before and after the introduction of postoperative computed tomography (CT).

Design:

Retrospective case–control study analyzing the incidence of revision ABG in patients with and without postoperative CT scans for graft success evaluation.

Setting:

Academic tertiary care pediatric hospital.

Patients:

Eighty-seven patients with CLP or cleft lip and alveolus treated with autologous iliac crest bone grafting for alveolar clefts over a 10-year period (January 2009 to March 2019) with minimum 6-month follow-up. Fifty patients had postoperative CT evaluation; 37 did not.

Interventions:

Postoperative CT to determine ABG success, versus standard clinical examination and 2-dimensional radiographs.

Main Outcome Measures:

Requirement for revision ABG, defined as failure of the original graft by clinical or radiographic examination.

Results:

Fifty-eight percent of patients underwent a postoperative CT scan at median interval of 10 months after surgery. Patients with postoperative CT evaluation had a 44% rate of revision ABG (22/50) for inadequate graft take, compared to 5% (2/37) in patients without postoperative CT ( P < .001; 95% CT, 31%-58% in the CT group, 1%-16% in the non-CT group).

Conclusions:

Computed tomography evaluation after ABG is associated with a significantly increased revision rate for inadequate graft take. The presence of a secondary palatal fistula at the time of original ABG is not associated with revision requirement. Lack of standardized dental and orthodontic records complicates the study of ABG outcomes and presents an area for systems-based improvement.
Navigating Depression at Work: Identity Management Strategies Along the Disclosure Continuum
Authors: Follmer Kayla B. , Jones Kisha S.
Published: April 2021

For employees with stigmatized concealable identities, the decision to disclose or not disclose represents a critical workplace experience. Moreover, employees enact their disclosure decisions by engaging in identity management (IM) strategies. Although multiple conceptual frameworks exist related to disclosure decisions and IM strategies, none of these frameworks consider the relationship between these two phenomena. In addition, empirical work surrounding disclosure decisions often positions disclosure as a dichotomous decision, rather than considering disclosure as occurring along a continuum. In this study, we use in-depth interviews to investigate the nuances of concealable IM using a sample of stigmatized employees, namely, those with depression. Through inductive thematic analysis, a continuum of disclosure decisions emerged (non-disclosure, partial disclosure, and full disclosure) as well as eight distinct IM strategies that participants used to enact their disclosure decisions. Our results extend the knowledge of concealable IM in multiple ways. First, we map specific IM strategies onto the disclosure continuum to provide a more robust understanding of the IM process for employees with depression. Second, we identify specific IM strategies related to partial disclosure and full disclosure, thereby extending existing conceptual frameworks. Additionally, we expand the definitions of the concealing and signaling IM strategies. Lastly, our study exposes the lived experiences of a group of employees that have traditionally been underrepresented in applied organizational research, those with depression.
Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix: Report of a Case With Molecular Analysis
Authors: Munkhdelger Jijgee , Shimooka Tomoko , Koyama Yoshinori , Ikeda Sadakatsu , Mikami Yoshiki , Fukuoka Junya , Hori Takashi , Bychkov Andrey
Published: April 2021

There is a lack of knowledge about molecular alterations in basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) of the uterine cervix. A 72-year-old woman with a history of previous subtotal hysterectomy and current vaginal bleeding was referred to our hospital. Initially, adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) was diagnosed upon cervical cytology and biopsy. Chest imaging showed multiple metastatic lesions in both lungs. The surgical specimen showed BSCC with diffuse p16 immunoreactivity and negativity for S-100, c-kit, and neuroendocrine markers. There was a focal minor ACC component, which could have explained the previous cytology and biopsy diagnosis. Next-generation sequencing with two different panels showed coexisting PIK3CA mutation and NTRK2 fusion with 10 additional variants of unknown significance ( ATR, DAXX, FAM123B, JAK1, KEL, MLL2, NOTCH2, PALB2, POLD1, POLE). The MYB gene fusions were not identified. The patient received chemotherapy with TRK inhibitor larotrectinib and carboplatin, which caused shrinkage of metastatic lung nodules. This is the first report of cervical BSCC with extensive molecular workup, which detected multiple genetic events, including targetable ones, which are potentially implicated in the development of a tumor. The accumulation of data and further studies on this tumor are necessary to define its diagnostic criteria and its clinical and biological behavior.
Fibrous Dysplasia at Unusual Anatomic Sites: A Series of 86 Cases With Emphasis on Histologic Patterns
Authors: Olson Nicholas J. , Inwards Carrie Y. , Wenger Doris E. , Fritchie Karen J.
Published: April 2021

Aims. Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign fibro-osseous neoplasm that most commonly arises in the ribs, femur, and craniofacial bones. We analyzed features of FD arising in the spine/short tubular/small bones of the hands/feet (STSBHF), specifically assessing for pattern of bone formation (conventional, complex/anastomosing, psammomatoid/cementum like), myxoid change, and presence of osteoclast-type giant cells. Materials and methods. A total of 1958 cases of FD were reviewed, of which 131 arose in the spine/STSBHF representing 2.5% of institutional and 10% of consultation cases, respectively. Eighty-six cases had material available for review. Anatomic sites included vertebrae ( n = 58, 67%), short tubular bones ( n = 20, 23%), and small bones of the hands/feet ( n = 8, 9%). The most common morphologic pattern of bone identified was conventional ( n = 77, 90%), followed by complex/anastomosing ( n = 22, 26%) and psammomatoid/cementum like ( n = 22, 26%). Eighteen cases (21%) had matrix-poor areas. Hypercellular areas were identified in 6 cases, 2 cases of which showed matrix-poor areas. Osteoclast-type giant cells were noted in 9 cases and myxoid change was present in 3 cases. Radiologic imaging studies available for 41 cases nearly all demonstrated features typical of FD, but the diagnosis was not predicted due to the unexpected location. Conclusions. FD arising in the spine/STSBHF is rare and frequently results in expert consultation. A significant number of cases exhibited less commonly recognized patterns of bone formation, and stromal changes including osteoclast-type giant cells, and matrix poor areas. Furthermore, imaging features in the STSBHF are often less specific. Awareness of the morphologic spectrum at these locations coupled with radiologic correlation should aid in accurate classification.
Foot Reanimation Using Double Nerve Transfer to Deep Peroneal Nerve: A Novel Technique for Treatment of Neurologic Foot Drop
Authors: El-Taher Mohamed , Sallam Asser , Saleh Mohamed , Metwally Ahmed
Published: April 2021

Background:

Our primary objective was to assess the efficacy of a new technique for foot reanimation in patients with neurologic foot drop using double nerve transfer from the tibial to the deep peroneal nerve. Our secondary objective was to document the technical nuances of our technique.

Methods:

Thirty-one patients with common peroneal nerve injury between October 2015 and March 2019 were prospectively enrolled in the study. Patients underwent a transfer of the tibial nerve branches to flexor digitorum longus and lateral head of gastrocnemius to the deep peroneal nerve. Motor recovery, range of ankle dorsiflexion, pain, leg girth, and complications were examined as outcome measures. The modified Medical Research Council (MRC) scale was adopted to assess the motor power recovery. All patients were followed up for a minimum of 1 year.

Results:

Motor recovery of M3 or M4 grade of tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus was achieved in 15 of 31, 13 of 31, and 12 of 31 patients, respectively. Those patients could discontinue use of orthosis. Most patients with high-energy traumas or knee-level injuries failed to recover antigravity function. Only 2 patients reported weak postoperative toe plantarflexion. Our patients achieved significant improvement of the pain perception and range of active ankle motion at the final follow-up.

Conclusion:

The double nerve transfer technique represented a feasible and safe surgical option. It has been shown to improve function in some patients with neurologic foot drop resulting from a less than 12-month injury of the deep peroneal nerve.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, therapeutic.
Limited Internal Comparability of General Intelligence Composites: Impact on External Validity, Possible Predictors, and Practical Remedies
Authors: Grieder Silvia , Bünger Anette , Odermatt Salome D. , Schweizer Florine , Grob Alexander
Published: April 2021

Research on comparability of general intelligence composites (GICs) is scarce and has focused exclusively on comparing GICs from different test batteries, revealing limited individual-level comparability. We add to these findings, investigating the group- and individual-level comparability of different GICs within test batteries (i.e., internal score comparability), thereby minimizing transient error and ruling out between-battery variance completely. We (a) determined the magnitude of intraindividual IQ differences, (b) investigated their impact on external validity, (c) explored possible predictors for these differences, and (d) examined ways to deal with incomparability. Results are based on the standardization samples of three intelligence test batteries, spanning from early childhood to late adulthood. Despite high group-level comparability, individual-level comparability was often unsatisfactory, especially toward the tails of the IQ distribution. This limited comparability has consequences for external validity, as GICs were differentially related to and often less predictive for school grades for individuals with high IQ differences. Of several predictors, only IQ level and age were systematically related to comparability. Consequently, findings challenge the use of overall internal consistencies for confidence intervals and suggest using confidence intervals based on test–retest reliabilities or age- and IQ-specific internal consistencies for clinical interpretation. Implications for test construction and application are discussed.
‘It’s Turned Me from a Professional to a “Bedroom DJ” Once Again’: COVID-19 and New Forms of Inequality for Young Music-Makers
Authors: Howard Frances , Bennett Andy , Green Ben , Guerra Paula , Sousa Sofia , Sofija Ernesta
Published: April 2021

Given the unprecedented circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic and increasingly uncertain socio-economic conditions, cultural practice remains a stable canvas upon which young people draw the most agency and exercise a sense of freedom. This article reports on an international research collaboration, drawing on the voices of 77 young musicians from three countries—Australia, England and Portugal—who were interviewed about their music-making practices during lockdown. Despite reporting loss of jobs and income and the social distancing restrictions placed upon the ability to make music, most young music-makers were positive about the value of having more time, to be both producers and consumers of music. At the same time, however, our data also highlight increasing forms of inequality among young music-makers. This article argues that despite short-term gains in relation to developing musical practice, the longer-term impacts of COVID-19 on the music industry will affect the sector for years to come.
Distal snuffbox versus conventional radial artery access: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rigatelli Gianluca , Zuin Marco , Daggubati Ramesh , Vassilev Dobrin , Zuliani Giovanni , Nguyen Thach , Roncon Loris
Published: April 2021

Background:

A comprehensive comparison of available data in terms of vascular complications between distal and conventional transradial access is still partial and a net benefit of such approach has not yet been clearly demonstrated.

Objective:

To provide an updated comparison of complications between distal and conventional transradial access used to perform coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary intervention performing a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data sources:

Data were obtained searching MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science for all investigations published any time to December 22, 2020 reporting a comparison between distal and conventional transradial access. The occurrence of radial artery occlusion was chosen as the primary outcome while the hematoma at access site and spasm as secondary and tertiary outcome, respectively.

Study eligibility criteria:

Case-control studies comparing distal and conventional transradial access for coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary intervention. All studies included adult patients aged at least 18 years.

Study appraisal and synthesis methods:

Overall, 7073 patients (mean age 57.9 and 58.4 years for distal and conventional transradial access, respectively), were analyzed. The rate of radial artery occlusion was significantly lower in the distal compared with the conventional group (2.1% vs 4.6%, p < 0.001). The pooled analysis, based on a fixed effect model confirmed a lower relative risk of occlusion when distal access is used (RR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.31–069, p = 0.002, I2 = 0%). Conversely, no differences in the risk of developing a hematoma at the access site or in the occurrence of a radial artery spasms were observed comparing the two groups (RR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.37–1.13, p = 0.12, I2 = 0% and RR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.48–1.63, p = 0.001, I2 = 0%, respectively).

Limitations:

Only eight case-control studies met inclusion criteria

Conclusion:

This metanalysis confirmed a lower risk of radial artery occlusion using distal access and comparable performance in terms of hematoma, and radial artery spam risk.
Impulse buying in hospitality: The role of content posted by social media influencers
Authors: Szymkowiak Andrzej , Gaczek Piotr , Padma Panchapakesan
Published: April 2021

In previous research, the significance of Social Media Influencers (SMIs) on the entire tourism industry has been indicated. In this article, it is explored how arousal and thematic compatibility in the presentation of a hotel facility’s offer by a SMI determines purchase intention and the urge to buy impulsively. To carry out this objective, a laboratory experiment was conducted with graphic stimuli and controlling arousal using neurophysiological data. The obtained results are relevant within the context of promotion methods in social media, maximising the effect of cooperation with SMIs. Managerial and theoretical implications of the findings are discussed.
‘What if my experience was not what I expected?’: Examining expectation-experience (dis)confirmation effects in China’s rural destinations
Authors: Wang Chaohui , Liu Juan , Zhang Tingting
Published: April 2021

This study (1) compares the tourists’ expectation and experience in China’s rural destinations, and (2) examines the (dis)confirmation effects of such comparisons on tourists’ assessments of overall travel experience, memorability, and authenticity. A total of 1323 valid responses were analyzed to test the proposed model. PLS-SEM results demonstrated that tourists’ expectation-experience (dis)confirmation had a main effect on travel experience, memorability, and authenticity. Moreover, the results from pairwise comparisons indicated that, travelers with high expectations and a high-quality experience had the highest evaluation of their overall visit experience, memorability, and authenticity. Whereas, travelers with low expectations and a low-quality experience showed the poorest assessment. Many practical and theoretical implications for destination marketing and management are discussed based on the study’s findings.
How Public Libraries Help Immigrants Adjust to Life in a New Country: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Grossman Suzanne , Agosto Denise E. , Winston Mark , Epstein Rabbi Nancy E. , Cannuscio Carolyn C. , Martinez-Donate Ana , Klassen Ann C.
Published: April 2021

Public library programs and services offer opportunities to help immigrants navigate daily life in unfamiliar surroundings and a new language. For example, language classes address the social determinants of health as they encourage social participation and community ties and help develop friendships. The purpose of this research was to conduct a narrative literature review to understand how immigrants use public libraries and how public library services influence the social determinants of health for immigrant populations. Keyword searches were conducted on five databases to identify research papers that met the inclusion criteria: empirical studies published in English between 2000 and 2020 related to immigrants’ use of public libraries. Thirty-one articles were included in the analysis. Thematic coding identified cross-cutting themes within the sample using the framework of the social-ecological model. Immigrants commonly use public libraries for programs (e.g., language learning), collections (e.g., borrowing books), and services (e.g., asking librarians questions). Immigrant patrons often reported satisfaction with library programs, services, and collections in the language of the host country. A frequent criticism was the relevance and accessibility of collections in their heritage language. In addition, library staff demographics often did not reflect those of immigrant patrons. Health-enhancing benefits associated with library use included increased confidence and self-esteem, cultural integration and preservation, trust and relationships (e.g., making friends), community awareness and engagement, and political integration. Future research and practice areas include collaboration between public health and library professionals to develop library programming that maximizes health and well-being among immigrants.