bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT NỘI SOI ĐIỀU TRỊ VIÊM KHỚP GỐI NHIỄM KHUẨN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI
Authors: Xuân Thành Đào , Gia Du Hoàng , Hoàng Giang Đặng , Huy Phương Nguyễn
Published: August 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật nội soi điều trị viêm khớp gối nhiễm khuẩn tại Bệnh Viện Bạch Mai. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả 57 bệnh nhân (BN) với 57 khớp gối được chẩn đoán viêm khớp gối nhiễm khuẩn, được phẫu thuật nội soi trong thời gian từ tháng 9/2018 đến hết tháng 9/2020 tại khoa Chấn thương chỉnh hình và cột sống, Bệnh viện Bạch Mai.Đánh giá kết quả sau mổ bằng thang điểm KOOS. Kết quả: Nghiên cứu có24 BN nữ (chiếm 42,1%) và33 BN nam (chiếm 57.9%), với độ tuổi trung bình là 53,4±19,8 tuổi.Đánh giá kết quả sau mổ bằng thang điểm KOSS ở thời điểm sau mổ 2 tháng so với trước mổ ghi nhận: điểm KOOS triệu chứng trung bình tăng từ 42±2,87 lên 80±2,56, điểm KOOS đau trung bình tăng từ 42±2,87 lên 83±2,14, điểm KOOS chức năng, cuộc sống hàng ngày tăng từ 40±3,06 tới 82±2,74, điểm KOOS chức năng, hoạt động thể thao và giải trí tăng từ 24±5,56 tới 56±5,12 và điểm KOOS chất lượng cuộc sống tăng từ 32±3,77 tới 79±4,01 và điểm KOOS trung bình tăng từ 36±3,47 tới 76±3,88. Cải thiện điểm KOOS sau mổ 2 tháng so với trước mổ ở tất cả các phương diện có ý nghĩa thống kê với p<0,05. Kết luận: Phẫu thuật nội soi điều trị viêm khớp gối nhiễm đem lại kết quả giảm đau tốt, cải thiện được chức năng của khớp  gối và chất lượng cuộc sống cho người bệnh.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM BỆNH LÝ VÀ ỨNG DỤNG KỸ THUẬT PHẪU THUẬT NỘI SOI HOÀN TOÀN NGOÀI PHÚC MẠC (TEP) ĐẶT LƯỚI NHÂN TẠO 3D ĐIỀU TRỊ THOÁT VỊ BẸN HAI BÊN Ở NGƯỜI LỚN
Authors: Văn Phước Nguyễn , Văn Quyết Hà , Quang Minh Đào , Ngọc Sơn Vũ
Published: August 2021

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm bệnh lý và ứng dụng kỹ thuật phẫu thuật nội soi hoàn toàn ngoài phúc mạc (Total Extraperitoneal - TEP) đặt lưới nhân tạo 3D điều trị thoát vị bẹn hai bên ở người lớn. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả 60 bệnh nhân (BN) trên 18 tuổi được chẩn đoán là thoát vị bẹn (TVB) hai bên và được điều trị bằng phẫu thuật nội soi TEP đặt lưới nhân tạo 3D tại Bệnh viện Thanh Nhàn, từ tháng 01/2017 đến tháng 11/2020. Kết quả: 100% BN nam, tuổi trung bình 51,0. TVB trực tiếp chiếm đa số với 63,3%. Phân loại theo Nyhus loại I 3,3%, loại II 26,7%, loại IIIA 63,3% và IIIB là 6,7%. 91,7% phẫu tích tạo khoang trước phúc mạc (PM) bằng ngón tay và khí CO2. 63,3% túi thoát vị được đẩy vào trong ổ bụng. 80,0% sử dụng lưới 3D loại nhỏ, 1 trường hợp (1,7%) phải khâu cố định lưới. Tai biến 15%. 1,7% thêm 1 trocar. Thời gian đặt lưới trung bình 21,1 phút, thời gian phẫu thuật trung bình 74,9 phút. Kết luận: PTNS hoàn toàn ngoài phúc mạc đặt lưới nhân tạo 3D là phương pháp khả thi, an toàn trong điều trị thoát vị bẹn hai bên ở người lớn.
NHẬN XÉT MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG BỆNH NHÂN THAY VAN HAI LÁ CƠ HỌC CÓ BẢO TỒN LÁ SAU TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRUNG ƯƠNG HUẾ
Authors: Thanh Bình Trần , Đức Phú Bùi , Ngọc Hùng Đặng
Published: August 2021

Mục tiêu: Nhận xét một số đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng bệnh nhân bệnh van hai lá được phẫu thuật thay van hai lá cơ học có bảo tồn lá sau. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả tiến cứu các trường hợp thay van hai lá cơ học có bảo tồn lá sau tại bệnh viện trung ương Huế từ tháng 03/2015 đến tháng 09/2016. Kết quả: 87 bệnh nhân, tuổi trung bình 46,9 ± 9,4 tuổi, chủ yếu là nữ giới (72,4%). Phân độ suy tim theo NYHA ghi nhận 43,7% NYHA II; 52,9% NYHA III. Triệu chứng lâm sàng chủ yếu là khó thở (82,8%), đau ngực (64,4%). Có 85,5% bệnh nhân chỉ số tim – lồng ngực trên 0,5. Huyết khối nhĩ trái gặp ở 11,5%. Tổn thương lá van hai lá ghi nhận 89,7% xơ dày lá van; 80,5% dính mép van. Hở van 3 lá mức độ vừa và nặng kèm theo ở 56,2% bệnh nhân nghiên cứu. Kết luận: Bệnh nhân bệnh van hai lá được phẫu thuật thay van hai lá cơ học có bảo tồn lá sau thường đến viện muộn khi biểu hiện suy tim đã rõ và tình trạng giãn nhĩ trái, tăng áp lực động mạch phổi và rung nhĩ cao
ĐẶC ĐIỂM BỆNH VÕNG MẠC ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TÝP 2 TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRUNG ƯƠNG THÁI NGUYÊN
Authors: Thị Hải Hà Lương , Đức Minh Đặng , Thị Phúc Hoàng , Quốc Tùng Mai
Published: August 2021

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm bệnh võng mạc đái tháo đường trên bệnh nhân đái tháo đường týp 2 tại BV Trung Ương Thái Nguyên. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu được tiến hành trên 395 bệnh nhân đái tháo đường týp 2 được điều trị ngoại trú tại BV Trung Ương Thái Nguyên. Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang. Kết quả: Thời gian mắc bệnh của bệnh nhân trong nghiên cứu chủ yếu là từ 10-20 năm (chiếm 58,5%), thị lực sau chỉnh kính đạt mức tốt chiếm 61,5%, mức giảm đạt 15,4%, và có 4,4% thị lực ở mức mù, có 73/395 trường hợp có tổn thương VM do đái tháo đường (chiếm 18,5%) trong đó các hình thái tổn thương hay gặp nhất là vi phình mạch, xuất tiết võng mạc và xuất huyết võng mạc, 63% trường hợp có tổn thương võng mạc ở giai đoạn chưa tăng sinh và 37% tổn thương võng mạc tăng sinh. Kết luận: Có 18,5% bệnh nhân có bệnh võng mạc đái tháo đường trong đó có 63% tổn thương võng mạc chưa tăng sinh và 37% tổn thương võng mạc tăng sinh.
KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ SỎI THẬN BẰNG TÁN SỎI NỘI SOI NGƯỢC DÒNG VỚI ỐNG MỀM CÓ SỬ DỤNG NĂNG LƯỢNG LASER HOLMIUM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN E
Authors: Xuân Phúc Nguyễn , Quang Vinh Phạm
Published: August 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị sỏi thận bằng nội soi ngược dòng với ống mềm có sử dụng năng lượng laser holmium tại Bệnh viện E. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu sử dụng thiết kế mô tả cắt ngang kết hợp hồi cứu và tiến cứu 70 BN sỏi thận có chỉ định điều trị bằng phương pháp tán sỏi nội soi ngược dòng sử dụng ống mềm tại khoa Thận - Tiết Niệu, Bệnh viện E trong khoảng thời gian từ 01/2020 đến 5/2021. Kết quả nghiên cứu: 90% BN đã sạch sỏi, 4,3% BN còn mảnh vụn < 5mm, 2,9% BN còn mảnh vụn > 5mm. 2,9% BN còn sót sỏi. Biến chứng gặp phải là sốt sau mổ (2,8%), đau do mảnh sỏi xuống niệu quản (1,4%), nhiễm trùng tiết niệu (1,4%). Số ngày dẫn lưu niệu quản trung bình là 22,97±6,75 ngày, lớn nhất 35 ngày, ít nhất 4 ngày. Thời gian nằm viện sau mổ trung bình  5,2 ± 3,7 ngày, ngắn nhất là 2 ngày, dài nhất là 32 ngày.Thời gian nằm viện trung bình là 9,97  ± 6,02 ngày, ngắn nhất là 3 ngày, dài nhất là 45 ngày. 90% BN có kết quả điều trị tốt. 4,3% BN có kết quả khá, và 5,7% BN có kết quả trung bình. Kết luận: Nội soi ống mềm bằng năng lượng laser holmium là phương pháp an toàn và hiệu quả điều trị sỏi thận. Điều này cũng giúp cho phẫu thuật viên và bệnh nhân có thêm một lựa chọn trong điều trị nhằm đtạ hiệu quả cao và giảm biến chứng.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT CẮT TUYẾN VÚ TRIỆT CĂN BIẾN ĐỔI KẾT HỢP TÁI TẠO VÚ CÙNG THÌ BẰNG VẠT DIEP TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ UNG THƯ VÚ GIAI ĐOẠN I – II
Authors: Quang Đạo Phạm , Thị Việt Dung Phạm , Xuân Hậu Nguyễn
Published: August 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật cắt tuyến vú triệt căn biến đổi kết hợp tái tạo vú cùng thì bằng vạt DIEP trong điều trị ung thư vú giai đoạn I – II. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả hồi cứu, từ tháng 6/2019 đến tháng 6/2021, 30 bệnh nhân ung thư vú giai đoạn I- II được phẫu thuật cắt tuyến vú triệt căn biến đổi kết hợp tái tạo vú cùng thì bằng vạt DIEP tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội. Kết quả: Đặc điểm nhóm nghiên cứu: Tuổi trung bình bệnh nhân 44,9 tuổi, 56,7% bệnh nhân ở giai đoạn I và 43,3% bệnh nhân ở giai đoạn II. 20% bệnh nhân được điều trị hoá chất bổ trợ trước. 66,7% bệnh nhân được bảo tồn núm vú. Thời gian phẫu thuật trung bình là 341 phút. Thời gian từ khi phẫu thuật đến ngày truyền hoá chất là 34,68 ngày. 8 bệnh nhân (chiếm 26,67%) gặp biến chứng sớm sau phẫu thuật. 5 bệnh nhân phải mổ lại chiếm 16,7% do nguyên nhân: ứ máu tĩnh mạch vạt, tắc hoàn toàn tĩnh mạch vạt. 2 bệnh nhân phải tháo bỏ vạt hoàn toàn. Biến chứng muộn gặp ở 6 bệnh nhân (chiếm 20%) bao gồm hoại tử mỡ và tự dịch sau mổ. Kết Luận: Tái tạo vú bằng vạt DIEP là một kĩ thuật mới và an toàn khi tạo hình vú bằng vạt tự thân. Tuy nhiên bệnh nhân lựa chọn tạo hình vú gặp một sốbiến chứng, có thể là tháo bỏ vạt.
KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT NỘI SOI TÁI TẠO DÂY CHẰNG CHÉO TRƯỚC BẰNG KỸ THUẬT ALL-INSIDE SỬ DỤNG MẢNH GHÉP GÂN HAMSTRING TỰ THÂN
Authors: Đình Toàn Dương , Trọng Tài Nguyễn
Published: August 2021

Tổn thương dây chằng chéo trước (DCCT) là loại tổn thương thường gặp nhất trong chấn thương thể thao. Cho đến nay vẫn tồn tại nhiều kỹ thuật tái tạo DCCT chứng tỏ chưa có một kỹ thuật vào mang lại kết quả tối ưu nhất. Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật nội soi tái tạo dây chằng chéo trước sử dụng gân cơ Hamstring bằng kỹ thuật “tất cả bên trong” (all- inside) tại Bệnh viện Việt Đức. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, tiền cứu với 136 bệnh nhân tổn thương DCCT, tuổi trung bình 32 (16-50) có hoặc không kèm theo tổn thương sụn chêm, được phẫu thuật bằng kỹ thuật all-inside, từ tháng 9/2018 đến tháng 1/2021. Thời gian theo dõi trung bình 18,6 tháng (4-26 tháng). Kết quả: tốt và rất tốt chiếm 97,8%, khá chiếm 2,2%, không có trường hợp nào kém. Tất cả bệnh nhân sau phẫu thuật dấu hiệu Pivot shift âm tính. Kết luận: Tái tạo dây chằng chéo trước tất cả bên trong là kỹ thuật tốt để phục hồi dây chằng chéo cho các bệnh nhân.
PHÂN TÍCH CHI PHÍ HIỆU QUẢ BẰNG MÔ HÌNH CỦA BUDESONIDE/FORMOTEROL KHI CẦN Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH HEN NHẸ TẠI VIỆT NAM
Authors: Huy Tuấn Kiệt Phạm , Đặng Tú Nguyên Lê , Van Haalen Heleen , Văn Đạt Trương , Hồng Phương Lê , Thị Hải Yến Nguyễn , Thị Quỳnh Nga Nguyễn
Published: August 2021

Mục tiêu: Phân tích chi phí-hiệu quả của Budesonide/Formoterol khi cần so với Corticosteroid dạng hít (ICS) liều thấp hàng ngày phối hợp với thuốc đồng vận beta giao cảm tác dụng ngắn (SABA) khi cần ở người bệnh hen phế quản (HPQ) nhẹ tại Việt Nam. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô hình hóa sử dụng mô hình Markov gồm ba trạng thái chính: không có đợt cấp HPQ, đợt cấp HPQ nặng, và tử vong. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện dưới quan điểm của cơ quan chi trả, khung thời gian chạy mô hình là toàn thời gian sống với chu kỳ của mô hình là một tuần. Hiệu quả lâm sàng được trích xuất từ nghiên cứu SYGMA 2 và các thông số về chi phí được dựa trên một nghiên cứu gánh nặng bệnh tật tại Việt Nam và cơ sở dữ liệu của Cục Quản lý Dược. Kết quả mô hình được biểu thị dưới dạng chỉ số chi phí-hiệu quả tăng thêm (ICER), kết quả phân tích độ nhạy một chiều và phân tích độ nhạy xác suất. Kết quả: Budesonide/Formoterol khi cần vượt trội so với phác đồ so sánh, giúp tránh được 0,44 đợt cấp HPQ, tiết kiệm 2.632.464 VNĐ chi phí điều trị và tăng 0,0006 QALYs về mặt hiệu quả. Kết quả phân tích độ nhạy một chiều và độ nhạy xác suất đều khẳng định trong đa số trường hợp phân tích, Budesonide/Formoterol khi cần đều đạt chi phí-hiệu quả. Kết luận: Từ quan điểm của cơ quan chi trả, Budesonide/Formoterol khi cần tiết kiệm chi phí và tăng hiệu quả so với phác đồ ICS liều thấp phối hợp SABA khi cần về tính chi phí-hiệu quả tại Việt Nam.
Removal of as(V), Cr(VI) and Cr(III) heavy metal ions from environmental waters using amidoxime and quaternized hydrogels
Authors: ALPASLAN Duygu , ERŞEN DUDU Tuba
Published: August 2021

Acrylonitrile (AN) and 1-vinyl imidazole (VI) based hydrogel was prepared in bulk (macro) dimensions via redox polymerization technique. Afterward, this hydrogel was quaternized (positively charged) and exposed to the amidoximation reaction. The prepared hydrogels (quart-p(AN-co-VI), amid-p(AN-co-VI) and p(VI)) characterized using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Swelling experiments were performed gravimetrically at room temperature in deionized water and different pH solution. Water absorbencies of both amidoximated hydrogels and quaternized hydrogels were founded to be high. Prepared hydrogels were used to remove heavy metal ions such as arsenic(V) (As(V)), Chromium(VI) (Cr(VI)) and Chromium(III) (Cr(III)) from aqueous media. The sorption of As(V), Cr(VI) and Cr(III) metal ions by hydrogels were carried out at different initial metal ion concentrations, different pHs, different times in batch sorption experiments at 25oC. The maximum metal ion sorption capacity by all hydrogels was in the order: As(VI)>Cr(VI)>Cr(III). The maximum sorption capacity for As(VI), Cr(VI) and Cr(III) ions was found to be 598, 303.8 and 4.9 mg g-1 for amid-p(AN-co-VI), respectively. As result of, amidoximated hydrogels have more sorption capacity to metal ions than quaternized hydrogels. Three different kinetic models (pseudo first order, pseudo second order and intraparticle diffusion model) were also used to investigate the sorption mechanisms. Furthermore, the Langmuir and Freundlich sorption isotherms were investigated for these metal ions. As a result of, amidoximation and quaternization of AN and VI based hydrogels have been a promising technique to increase the sorption rate and capacity of hydrogels and are thought to provide great advantages in the removal of metal ions from wastewaters. Especially, among the p(AN-co-VI) modification processes, amidoximation reaction was found to give better results than quaternization reaction. Prepared hydrogels were found to be more selective than Cr(III) versus As(V) and Cr(VI).
Reconstruction of Higher Education Curriculum to Prepare the Next Generations
Authors: Sarwanto Sarwanto
Published: August 2021

Republic of Indonesia Government had issued a regulation on the national standards of higher education in 2015. UNS should immediately adjust the education process in accordance with the new regulations by reconstructing the curriculum. This study aims to analyze the reconstruction process in preparing the curriculum in UNS prepare future generations better. National standards require the higher education curriculum compiled from formulating learning outcomes to the preparation of the assessment system. This research method is a survey method. Samples are Diploma Program, Bachelor, Master Program, and Doctorate Program.  Results showed that the reconstruction of the new curriculum is implemented by 45% of study program at the UNS, 60% of which is in conformity with the standards, even two courses had prepared the curriculum to standards well adapted to the AUN QA, only three study programs that have student learning outcomes have been agreed by the forum study program.
الدورة اللغوية بمركز اللغة العربية للناطقين بغيرها بجامعة قطر
Authors: Mulyanto Dedi
Published: August 2021

اللغة العربية هي إحدى اللغات السامية و من أكثر اللغات انتشاراً في العالم، وإحدى اللغات الرئيسية الست في منظمة الأمم المتحدة، ولغة مقدسة عند المسلمين لأنها لغة القرآن ولا تتم الصلاة لدى المسلمين إلا بإتقان كلماتها. رأت دولة قطر من أكثر المهتمي اللغة العربية في أرجاء العالم فخطى بخطوات واضحة في مساعدة تعليم اللغة العربية للأجانب. هذه الخطوات منها اعطاء المنح الدراسية لمعلمي اللغة العربية والجاهدين في نشرها من أنحاء العالم بوسيلة جامعة قطر. أراد الكاتب في كتابة هذه المقالة أن يبين عن برنامج اللغة العربية للناطقين  بغيرها في جامعة قطر.  لمحة البرنامج التى حصل عليها الكاتب هي 1) نشأة برنامج تعليم اللغة العربية للناطقين بغيرها، 2) أهدافها، 3) موادها التعليمية 4)المنهج وطريقة التعليم 5) نشاطتها.
The Effectiveness of the Assignment of Dialogue with Shiah and Apostacy Groups via Facebook in the Coursework of Dakwah Information Technology
Authors: Ashaari Muhamad Faisal , Misrom Azimah , Mohd Nasir Badlihisham
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, there are parties who deliberately spread doubts about Islam through the new media. Moreover, they attack Islam emotionally. Given that, students who pursue the course “Da'wah through Information Technology” in UKM are disclosed with those doubts and they are assigned to have dialogues with Shiite groups and apostate through Facebook. Indeed, the dialogue is a method of teaching and learning that can pass at least the third stage of Bloom Taxonomy and at the same time it can hone their skill of arguing. Students were asked to have dialogues with both groups to examine, to evaluate, to discuss, and to answer any doubt that they rise. This article discusses the findings of research on 50 students who pursue this course in Semester 1, 2013/14. The study found that this task really challenge the ability in arguing and students’ knowledge. Although they have tried the best, many feel that they could not convince their dialogue partners. Throughout the course, they have been using various means to develop the existing knowledge mainly referring the problem to friends and teachers in order to defend the argument in the dialogue. Therefore, this assignment can pass at least the third level of Bloom's Taxonomy and they feel that this is a good assignment and should be resumed for the next semester. This study recommends appointing the instructor to guide students in managing dialog efficiently.
Innovation in Education through Student Final Project
Authors: Susilayati Muslimah
Published: August 2021

To optimize the role and education function, university needs realistic experiment, continuously develops itself to meet the challenge and society and industrial demand. That efforts can be done by preparing students for making innovation in education through research & development of the final project. This study is aim to provide an overview about the steps taken to provide student to create innovation in education. This is a library reasearch. The data was taken from written materials through literary studies. The result of study are showed that innovation in education can be done through student final project by using R&D experiment, action reasearh, and qualitatif reasearch. There are four steps in R&D experiment, those are 1) developing model; 2) validating model; 3) trial; and 4) analyzing the result of the trial and polishing model. Furthermore, in action research and qualitative reseach, objective of model formulation and development process are required. The product of innovation in education can be in form of a model, a method, a procedure, a book, a module, an evaluating instrument, and a learning program, that have been passed quality test so eligible to be used in education.
Fulfillment of Gender Needs of Students at School
Authors: Haryani Tiyas Nur , Nurhaeni Ismi Dwi Astuti , Zulfatindayu Azyani , Hadi Muchtar , Susiloadi Priyanto
Published: August 2021

Education is an important factor in building the country. Educating a child means building the nation. Nowadays, education takes place more in the secondary scope than in family environment. Schools play an important role in educating children in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. In Indonesia, the case of sexual abuse to children increases currently. The cases of sexual abuse result from unequal gender relations. Gender-responsive schools develop in line with the policy of gender mainstreaming in Indonesia. The school environment needs to meet the practical and strategic gender needs of its students. The results of this research described the students’ needs for gender in the school environment. Gender needs are expected to support zero sexual abuse of children. The research was conducted in the Senior High School in Sragen, Central Java Province, Indonesia representing Soloraya area. Primary data was collected through questionnaires with random sample. Data was presented in tables, charts and descriptions. The results showed the fulfillment of practical and strategic gender needs has not been optimal in schools in Sragen regency. The number of sexual abuse against children is still high due to the lack of monitoring. The results of this study recommended the collaboration to be strengthened in order to reduce gender-based violence and the development of institutional gender mainstreaming at schools.
The Influence Fear of Missing Out against Social Media Addiction in Early Teens
Authors: Ana Ester
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine how much influence is between fear of missing out (FoMO) and addiction to social media in early teens.. This study involved one dependent variable, namely social media addiction and one independent variable that influenced it, namely: fear of missing out (FoMO). There were 152 subjects in this study. The subjects of this study were adolescents aged 12-15 years who have social media such as Instagram, Facebook and Twitter. The research method used the Likert scale and data analysis using the product moment correlation, the result was r = 0.593. The higher the fear of missing out, the higher the addiction to social media, and vice versa. The contribution between fear of missing out (FoMO) and addiction to social media in early adolescents was 0.351 or 35.1% explained by the fear of missing out (FoMO) variable, while the remaining 64.9% was explained by other variables
Arabic Teaching Methods for Non-Native Speakers: Types, Advantages, and its Application in Indonesia
Authors: Sangidu Sangidu
Published: August 2021

The problem of learning Arabic for non-native speakers in Indonesia is influenced by two factors; linguistic factors and non-linguistic factors. Linguistic factors include phonology, morphology, syntactic, and vocabulary. Meanwhile, non-linguistic factors include social, culture, motivation, methods, learning environment and so forth. This paper discusses the problems of learning Arabic for non-native speakers in Indonesia, the types of methods, its advantages, and its application. The results of the study conclude that Islamic boarding schools, Islamic schools, and campuses that carry out Arabic lessons need to provide native speakers from Arab countries or send students to Arab countries.
A REVIEW ON BIOREMEDIATION OF SUGAR MILL EFFLUENT
Authors: S Pratheepa. , K.K Kavitha
Published: August 2021

In the field of bio refinery, zero waste concepts have gained a lot importance in research impetus to boost the environment and bio economy in a sustainable manner. The wastewater from sugar industries contains miscellaneous compounds and need to be treated chemically or biologically before being discharged into water bodies. Efficient utilization of wastewater produced by sugar industries is a key point to improve its economy. Thus, interest in the sugar industry wastes has grown in both fundamental and applied research fields, over the years. Although, traditional methods being used to process such wastewaters are effective yet are tedious, laborious and time intensive. Considering the diverse nature of wastewaters from various sugar-manufacturing processes, the development of robust, cost-competitive, sustainable and clean technologies has become a challenging task. Bioremediation is emerging as an effective and attractive management tool to treat and recover the environment, in an ecofriendly manner. Bioremediation has been used at a number of sites worldwide, with varying degrees of success. Bioremediation, both in situ and ex situ have also enjoyed strong scientific growth, in part due to the increased use of natural attenuation, since most natural attenuation is due to biodegradation. Bioremediation technology, which leads to degradation of pollutants, may be a lucrative as well as environmentally friendly alternative. Biological treatment systems have various applications, such as cleanup of contaminated sites such as water, soil, sludge, and streams. Several methods have been designed and developed but more often, these process again produce secondary pollutants, which again are costing the environment. This review article discusses the role of microbes in sugar mill effluent treatment methods in different field and puts forward thoughts and scope for further research in the field.
SCREENING OF SALT TOLERANT RHIZOBIA FROM GROUNDNUT IN CUDDALORE DISTRICT OF TAMIL NADU, INDIA
Authors: Pandeeswari N. , Sivakumar K.
Published: August 2021

Salinity seriously constrains crop yield in irrigated agriculture throughout the world. Also, salinity is a serious threat to agriculture in arid and semi arid regions. Nearly 10 % of the world’s land surface can be classified as endangered by salinity. Salinity in the soil and irrigation water is an environmental problem and a major constraint for crop production. Currently, 20 % of the world’s cultivated land is affected by salinity, which results in the loss of 50 % of agricultural yield. At present, there are nearly 954 million hectares of saline soils on the earth’s surface. All these salt affected soils are distributed throughout the world. The salinity response of legumes in general varies greatly depending on factors like climatic conditions, soil properties, salt tolerance and the stages of crop growth. Successful cultivation of legumes can be achieved by the selection and/or development of a salt-tolerant legume Rhizobium combination although high salinities are known to affect rhizobial activities. The aim of present study is the effect of strains of salt tolerant Rhizobia on IAA, EPS, nodule ARA activity, Nitrogen content, leghemoglobin content, siderophore production, IAR and salt concentration of Groundnut on coastal area of Cuddalore District of Tamil Nadu. The GNR CD-4 is the effect salt tolerance strain compared to other strains.
MACROPHYTIC COMMUNITY AS BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF POLLUTION IN ANCHAR LAKE OF KASHMIR
Authors: Bashir Muzamil , Ahmad Malik Javid , Zaffar Asma , Farooq Mir Mohammad
Published: August 2021

The most significant biotic constituent in a lake ecosystem is represented by macrophytes in their diverse forms. Macrophytes, because of their capacity to integrate environmental changes over periods of a few years, and reflect the cumulative effects of successive disturbances, are considered excellent indicators of the ecological state of water bodies Macrophytes are by far the most investigated group used for exploring the effects of water level fluctuation on biological organisms in aquatic ecosystems . In lake ecosystems, Overall 31 species of aquatic macrophytes were reported from Anchar Lake with different morphology, which consisted of emergent (14), rooted floating leaf type (08), submerged (06) and free floating (03). The efforts mainly focus on the relationships between water level fluctuation and the presence, species richness, distribution and cover of macrophytes.
ANTAGONISTIC ACTIVITY OF FUNGAL AND BACTERIAL BIO-INOCULANTS AGAINST SCLEROTIUM ROLFSII
Authors: Raja Kumar Sutha , Arulselvi A R., , Immanuel R Rex , V Jaiganesh , Selvi M. Thamarai
Published: August 2021

The present studies were undertaken to investigate the effect of fungal and bacterial biocontrol agents against stem rot of groundnut. The result of the dual culture technique indicated that Trichoderma isolates inhibited the growth of S. rolfsii. Among the isolate T. viride (Tv1 ) produced maximum reduction of mycelial growth. This was followed by the isolates T. harziaum and T. virens which restricted the mycelial growth when compared to control. Among the isolates T. viride (Tv1 ) at a conc. of 10, 20, 30 and 40 per cent conc. showed an increase in the inhibition of the mycelia growth recording 22.15, 15.27, 8.75 and 0.00 mm respectively. The next best in antagonist was T. harzianum. Among the Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates, PfI3 produced maximum reduction of mycelial growth accounting for 74.97 per cent reduction over control. Also, a general increase in the conc. of the Antagonistic culture filtrate showed an increase in the inhibition of the mycelial growth of the test pathogen.
STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA AND PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA UNDER REDUCED FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON TOMATO
Authors: Sivakumar K. , Pandeeswari N.
Published: August 2021

A field experiment was carried out at department of agricultural microbiology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India to evaluate the performance of tomato inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) when the fertilizer application was reduced to 50% and 25% of the recommended fertilizer dose (RDF). The results of the study revealed that, inoculation of tomato with AM and PSB significantly increased all the parameters examined during the study. However, the best results were obtained when the seedlings were inoculated with AM followed by PSB at 50 % of the RDF as evident from 16.6% and 12.6% increase in the total plant dry weight at the respective treatments as compared to control. Similarly the concentration of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in the plants inoculated with AM at 50 % of the RDF was increased by 17.3, 20.6 and 23.2% followed by an increase of 2.5, 11.5, and 12.2% at PSB with 50 % RDF as compared to control. Yield of tomato was respectively increased by 9.7% and 4.4 % when inoculated with AM and PSB at 50 % of RDF as compared to control.
GENE ACTION AND COMBINING ABILITY STUDY IN SESAME
Authors: Kabi Mandakini , Baisakh Bhabendra , Dash Manasi , K Tripathy Swapan , Sahu S. , .Panigrahi K.K
Published: August 2021

The study of gene action and combining ability have been conducted in 28 F1 cross combinations along with eight parents in 8x8 half-diallel scheme following Griffing’s Approach for 14 morphoeconomic traits including seed yield and oil content in sesame. The general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) component of variation were significant for parents and crosses respectively for all characters except internode length for GCA indicating role of both additive and nonadditive gene action. However, higher proportion of SCA variance (?2 sca) than GCA variance (?2 gca) revealed preponderance of non-additive gene action for all characters except capsule length and capsule width under study. Further, variance due to dominance played a significant role than additive variance in all traits except capsule width and 100-seed weight. Nirmala is considered as the best general combiner owing to its higher estimate of gca effects for yield per plant, for days to maturity, plant height, branches per plant, capsules per plant, seeds per capsule, capsule length and 100-seed weight. Among cross combinations; Rama × GT-10, AT-382 × Krishna, AT-382 × Nirmala, Krishna × Nirmala, Krishna × Uma, Nirmala × Prachi and Prachi × Uma showed significantly higher sca effect for seed yield per plant in the desired direction indicating their merit for recovery of transgressive segregants for higher productivity following reciprocal recurrent selection.
CAPNODIUM VARIEGATUM – A NEW FOLIICOLOUS SPECIES OF SOOTY MOULD INFECTING BAUHINIA VARIEGATA L. FROM CHHATTISGARH, INDIA
Authors: Deep Khalkho Anshu , Nand Rai Akhila , Bhardwaj Smriti
Published: August 2021

A survey for the study of foliicolous fungal forms of Ambikapur, north Chhattisgarh was conducted in November 2018, and came across an interesting fungal form of sooty mould infecting living leaves of Bauhinia variegata L. which upon detailed mycotaxonomic treatment proved to be an undescribed species of Capnodium. Sooty mould diminish photosynthesis of host plant. Capnodiaceae is the most specialized family of sooty mould which includes 5 genera,149 species from the world and only 10 species described from India. Phenotypic observations, microscopic and Scanning Electron Microscopic investigation revealed the drastic differences with the earlier known allied taxa so much so to dispose it as a new taxon of species rank Capnodium variegatum sp.nov.
EFFECT OF MYCORRHIZA AND RHIZOBIUM INOCULATION ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF MUNG (VIGNA RADIATA) PLANT
Authors: Lata Kanchan , K. Sharma Tirthesh. , Dassani Sippy , Dassani Sippy
Published: August 2021

In this study, the effect of Rhizobium and mycorrhizal fungal spores were examined on Vigna radiata (Mung bean). Seeds of Mung bean var. PDM-139-SAMRAT were sown in plastic pots, in the mixture of half soil and half sand. Rhizobium and mycorrhizal fungal spores inoculated individually and in combination with mung seeds. After germination data have been reported for plant height, leaf area, number of root nodules and pods, chlorophyll amount and yield measured after 30,45,60,75,90 and 120 days of sowing. Results of these experiments showed that Rhizobium and mycorrhiza positively affected the growth and yield of mung plant. Combined inoculation of Rhizobium and mycorrhiza shows better results in comparison to their individual inoculation. Mixture of Rhizobium and mycorrhizal spores improve the growth, yield, number of root nodules and pods, leaf area and chlorophyll amount of mung plant.
MICROBIAL CHITINASES: EMERGING TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Naaz Nilofar , Rama Devi B. , Mahmood SK.
Published: August 2021

Chitinase plays significant role in the decomposition of chitin and potentially in the utilization of chitin as a renewable resource. Chitinases contribute to the production of carbon and nitrogen in the ecosystem. Chitinases are split into two broad categories as endo-chitinases and exo-chitinases. Common sources for chitinase production are insects, plants, mammals, bacteria and fungi. Enzymatic hydrolysis of chitin produces great interest in biomedical, industrial and agricultural applications. Production of low cost chitinolytic enzymes is significant in chitinous waste recycling as it is useful for the environment protection. In this review, various types of chitinases found in different organisms and its biotechnological applications are discussed.
EVALUATION OF WATER QUALITY STATUS OF AMEENPUR LAKE, HYDERABAD, TELANGANA, INDIA USING WATER QUALITY INDEX (WQI) AND GEO-SPATIAL TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Srinidhi N.S. , Madhusudhana Reddy P. , Anji Reddy M.
Published: August 2021

The present study was carried out to evaluate the water quality of the Biodiversity Heritage Site i.e., Ameenpur Lake (Telangana, India) using Water Quality Index (WQI) and spatial distribution technique. The water samples were collected during Pre-Monsoon, Monsoon and Post-Monsoon seasons of the year 2019-20 and analysed for physico-chemical parameters as per the American Public Health Association (APHA) standard methods for water and wastewater treatment. The WQI were calculated by using the standard method of Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI) and National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (NSFWQI). The WAWQI and NSFWQI methods indicated that overall water quality of the lake was found to be poor in all the seasons. According to the WAWQI map, majority of the samples were found be in the poor water quality in all the three seasons and according to the NSFWQI map, all the samples were found to be bad in condition in all the seasons. The same is represented in the spatial distribution maps. The decline in the quality of lake water is due to various anthropogenic activities like enrichment through surface and agricultural runoff and also due to discharge of untreated sewage and industrial effluents.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDY FOR SUGARCANE EARLY SELECTION TO DROUGHT TOLERANCE
Authors: Gaber A. A. , Abou-Hadid A. F. , Gabry Y. A. El- , H. M. Ebid M.
Published: August 2021

In Egyptian sugarcane breeding program, a pot experiment was carried out during 2019 season at Agricultural Research Station, Giza Governorate (latitude 26o 33? N and longitude 31o 12? E), Egypt, to evaluate twenty sugarcane clones, compared with the cultivated variety GT.54-9, under three irrigation water levels IWL (100, 80 and 60% of IWL). The traits FW of the shoot and root, root: shoot ratio, LAI, LAR, Chla, Chlb, Chla: Chlb ratio, carotenoids and proline were assessed. From this study clones 17 had height shoot fresh weight under water stress condition, as same as, clones 1, 18 and 19 had great behavior under water stress. In addition to most of sugarcane tested clones were not affected by increase the degree of water stress from 100 to 80% of IWL. The LAI, Chl.a and Chl.b traits showed the high correlation with shoot fresh weight, whereas, proline had strong relationships with root fresh weight under sugarcane drought stress.
THE IMPACT OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF THE LAMIACEAE FAMILY AGAINST TYLENCHULUS SEMIPENETRANS USING MOLECULAR MODELING METHODS
Authors: Brikci S. Bekkal , I. Abdelli , F. Hassani , Reguig M. Bereksi
Published: August 2021

Tylenchulus semipenetrans is an economically important plant-parasitic nematode occurring in all citrus-producing regions of the world and causing a disease called “slow decline”. Chemical nematicides commonly used in agriculture have ecotoxicological effects. As a control method, attention has been paid to bio-nematicides that do not exhibit harmful effects on the ecosystem. In this study we will carry out the in scilico experiments in order to find the most coherent Enzyme-Ligand complex to lead to the best inhibitors of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase in Citrus Tylenchulus semipenetrans nematode. “Acetyl CoA Carboxylase” enzyme responsible for fatty acid synthesis in Tylenchulus semipenetrans, its alteration disrupting the synthesis of the surface layer, this inhibitory action is based on essential oils of aromatic plants, taking as an example the Lamiaceae family, using natural compounds extract from essential oils of Salvia verbenaca, Lavandula stoechas, Rosmarinus officinalis, and Thymus ciliatus. This study revealed for the first time that ?-phellandrène from Salvia verbenaca gives the best docking scores compared to Biotine, the co-crystallized inhibitor of the Acetyl CoA Carboxylase, to spirotetramat as chemical insecticide already used against citrus nematode, and to the other complexes. After that, the Molecular Dynamics Simulation study showed a good result for the ?-phellandrène- Acetyl CoA Carboxylase docked complex, for that we can consider that ?-phellandrène extracted from Salvia verbenaca’s essential oil as a functional inhibitor of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase activities and it can be used as good bio-nematicides against Tylenchulus semipenetrans.
Western Message Petroglyphs indicate historic beaver presence in a San Francisco Bay Area watershed
Authors: Marymor Leigh , Burnham Lanman Richard
Published: August 2021

Recent museum, archaeological, and observer record evidence suggests that North American beaver (Castor canadensis) were historically native to the watersheds of California’s coast, including San Francisco Bay. A wide variety of animals are abundantly represented in Native American petroglyphs and pictographs with their representations fulfilling intentions ranging from the mundane to ceremonial and mythological purposes. However, beaver symbols are poorly represented in California rock art and absent from the San Francisco Bay Area. A novel record, in the form of Western Message Petroglyphs, suggests that a beaver lodge was present in the late nineteenth century in the Alameda Creek watershed, potentially the last evidence of beaver prior to their extirpation in the region by the fur trade.
OUTDOOR LEARNING-BASED THEMATIC LEARNING
Authors: Karlina Yulia , Rochmiyati Rochmiyati , Yulianti Dwi
Published: August 2021

This research is a research on developing a test instrument for higher-order thinking skills based on outdoor learning for fifth grade elementary school students. This study aims to 1) develop a test instrument for higher order thinking skills based on outdoor learning in elementary schools; 2) validate the test instrument through expert validation and empirical validity. Expert validation is carried out by consulting the product development design with expert lecturers. Empirical validity was carried out using the product moment correlation formula, while the determination of reliability used the Cronbach Alpha formula. The research method uses Design Based Research. The development of this model is carried out in stages 1) identification and problem analysis by researchers and practitioners collaboratively 2) developing solutions based on theoretical benchmarks, existing design principles and technological innovations 3) carrying out an iterative process to test and improve practical solutions 4) reflection to produce design principles and improve implementation of practical solutions. The results of the study are 1) 22 items of higher order thinking skills; 2) validation by experts states that this assessment instrument is suitable for use as an assessment tool, while in empirical validation it is stated that the overall results of the test using the product moment formula of the items have been declared valid. Determination of reliability using Cronbach's alpha formula has a reliability value of 0.935 which is categorized as high reliable. Overall, in this development research, this higher-order thinking ability assessment instrument is valid and reliable as a form of assessment.
PENGEMBANGAN AGRIBISNIS DAN NILAI TAMBAH KOPI MELALUI SKALA RUMAH TANGGA PETANI
Authors: Munthe Albina
Published: August 2021

The agricultural product that had emerged in the village of pardomuan motung the ajibata district was the coffee. Among the problems that coffee farmers have faced in this area are the decline in coffee production over the past few years and that farmers have a knowledge of the processing and improvement of coffee. The goal of this activity is to improve the knowledge and skills of the group of tanal-coffee and coffee processing as previews of the region. In turn, it enhances the quality and quality of the coffee and the appeal of the product to a high competitiveness. Strengthen community business groups so as to provide income for the people around them.
PENYULUHAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) KEPADA PELAJAR-PELAJAR DI PERGURUAN KRISTEN METHODIST-2 RANTAUPRAPAT
Authors: Simorangkir Saharnauli Janna Verawaty
Published: August 2021

Abstrak

Penyakit demam berdarah merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di Kota Medan yang cenderung menimbulkan kekhawatiran masyarakat karena perjalanan penyakitnya cepat dan dapat menyebabkan kematian dalam waktu yang singkat. Penyakit demam berdarah adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue. Virus ini ditularkan melalui vector nyamuk. Pendekatan pemberantasan demam berdarah yang berwawasan kepedulian masyarakat merupakan salah satu alternatif pendekatan baru dalam rangka pengendalian penyebaran penyakit ini. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan penjelasan kepada pelajar-pelajar yang diharapkan dapat menjadi agent of change di lingkungannya dalam pemberantasan penyakit DBD ini. Metode kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dalam bentuk penyuluah, tanya jawab dan games. Kegiatan ini dinilai cukup berhasil. Indikator keberhasilannya adalah berdasarkan antusiasme peserta untuk bertanya dan feedback dari peserta yang menyatakan penyuluhan ini dinilai menarik dan bermanfaat. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah melalui keilmuan yang dimiliki dapat digunakan untuk membantu memberikan pemahaman mengenai penyakit-penyakit kepada masyarakat, yang pada akhirnya dapat mendorong partisipasi masyarakat dalam pencegahan penularan dan pertambahan kasus-kasus penyakit tertentu di masyarakat

Abstract

Dengue fever is one of the health problems in Medan City which tends to cause public concern because the disease progresses quickly and can cause death in a short time. Dengue fever is a disease caused by the dengue virus. This virus is transmitted by mosquito vectors. The approach to eradicating dengue fever with a public concern is an alternative to a new approach to control the spread of this disease. The purpose of this activity is to provide explanations to students who are expected to become agents of change in their environment in eradicating this dengue disease. This activity method was carried out in the form of counseling, question and answer and games. This activity was considered quite successful. The success indicator was based on the enthusiasm of the participants to asked questions and feedback from the participants who stated that this counseling was considered interesting and useful. The conclusion of this activity was that through the knowledge that is owned it can be used to help provide an understanding of diseases to the community, which in turn can encourage community participation in preventing the transmission of certain diseases in the community.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR BAHASA INGGRIS MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER (NHT) PADA SISWA KELAS VIII MTSN 1 BAUBAU
Authors: RAMLAH RAMLAH
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan prestasi belajar Bahasa Inggris melalui implementasi model pembelajaran Numbered Heads Together (NHT) pada siswa Kelas VIII 3 MTs Negeri 1 Baubau Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Juni 2020 di Kelas VIII 3 MTs Negeri 1 Baubau dengan 2 siklus Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Berdasarkan penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Numbered Heads Together (NHT) dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar Bahasa Inggris siswa Kelas VIII 3 MTs Negeri 1 Baubau. Saat siklus I PTK terdapat sebanyak 80,95% siswa tuntas dan sebanyak 19,05% siswa belum tuntas. Terdapat peningkatan 47,62% siswa yang tuntas pada siklus I (dari 33,33% siswa tuntas saat sebelum PTK menjadi 80,95% siswa tuntas pada PTK siklus I). Saat siklus II PTK terdapat sebanyak 90,48% siswa tuntas dan sebanyak 9,52% siswa belum tuntas. Terdapat peningkatan 9,53% siswa yang tuntas pada siklus II (dari 80,95% siswa tuntas pada PTK I menjadi 90,48% siswa tuntas pada PTK siklus II).
Possibility of Objectivity in Social Science Research: From the Standpoint of Max Weber
Authors: Swarup Pal , Sudip Ghosh
Published: August 2021

In this essay, I have attempted to defense the possibility of objectivity in case of social science research. It is basically an evaluation of Max Weber’s interpretation in maintaining the possibility of objectivity in social science. There is a long tradition in the philosophy of social science maintaing a sharp distinction between social science and natural science in terms of both goals as well as method; and there is no doubt about that natural sciences have the higher degree of objectivity in comparison with social science. It is not possible to maintain absolute objectivity in case of social science research. But, by following some tricksit is possible to make a social inquiry more reliable and justifiable.This paper aims to improve such tricks as well as such a unique methodology adopted by Max Weber through which it is possible to maintain objectivity in social science as well as to establish social science as a successful science.

Keywords: Max Weber, Objectivity, Social Science, Natural Science, Value-free Ideal, Theory-Ladenness, Value-Neutrality
Peran Public Relations dalam Meningkatkan Citra Lembaga Pendidikan
Authors: Cendekia Sandyakala Mutiara
Published: August 2021

Kehadiran lembaga pendidikan sebagai pilihan alternatif untuk peserta didik diharapkan untuk lebih meningkatkan citra atau image positifnya melalui public relations. Masalah yang muncul adalah peran dan fungsi seorang praktisi public relations dirasakan tidak cukup berperan penting sehingga tidak banyak lembaga pendidikan yang mendirikan departemen tersendiri untuk departemen hubungan masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan peran public relations dalam meningkatkan citra lembaga pendidikan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kepustakaan. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode dokumentasi. Kemudian data danalisis dengan teknik analisis isi. Untuk menjaga ketepatan pengkajian dan mencegah kesalahan informasi dalam analisis data maka dilakukan pengecekan antar pustaka dan membaca ulang pustaka. Hasil dari berbagai telaah literatur digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis megenai peran public relation dalam meningkatkan citra lembaga pendidikan. Berdasarkan kajian ditemukan bahwa public relations berperan dan bertugas untuk mewakili keberadaan dan citra lembaga pendidikan, selain untuk mengatasi semua bentuk masalah yang terkait dengan hubungan masyarakat. Untuk mendapatkan citra yang baik diperlukan strategi yaitu salah satunya adalah meningkatkan hubungan yang baik dengan semua pihak yang dalam hal ini diwakili oleh public relations. Mengingat pentingnya peran public relations dalam meningkatkan citra lembaga maka sudah sepatutnya bahwa kehadirannya sangat dibutuhkan di lembaga pendidikan.