bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Connection between Gardening and Outdoor Activity during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Perceptions of Hope, Hopelessness, and Levels of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression
Authors: Johnson Makayla , Waliczek Tina Marie , Etheredge Coleman , Bradley Jennifer Campbell
Published: January 2023

During the past few years, Americans have experienced a wide variety of stressors, including political tensions, racial/civil unrest, and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. All of these have led to uncertainty within society. Chronic feelings of helplessness can lead to depression or feelings of hopelessness in those who perceive their situation as unchanging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impacts of gardening and outdoor activities during the COVID-19 pandemic on perceptions of hope, hopelessness, and levels of depression, stress, and anxiety. Participants of this study were recruited through online social media platforms such as Facebook and Instagram; 458 participants completed the 21-item Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale inventory as well as the Hope Scale. Our data indicated that individuals who self-reported themselves as gardeners had significantly more positive scores related to levels of stress, anxiety, and depression and a sense of hope. Furthermore, gardeners had lower levels of self-reported depression, anxiety, and stress when compared with those who did not identify themselves as gardeners. The gardeners also had a more positive outlook regarding hope for the future. Additionally, a significant positive correlation was found between the number of hours spent participating in gardening and a sense of hope, and a negative correlation was found between the number of hours gardening and stress levels. Similarly, there was a significant negative correlation between the number of hours spent participating in any outdoor activity and self-reported levels of stress, anxiety, or depression; however, there was a positive correlation between the number of hours spent participating in any outdoor activity and a sense of hope. Our data suggested that more hours spent outside gardening or participating in recreational activities led to less perceived stress, anxiety, and depression and greater levels of hope for the future.
Understanding Greenhouse Growers’ Willingness to Use Municipal Recycled Water on Food Crops: The Need for Tailored Outreach Coupled with Deep Engagement to Increase Adoption
Authors: McOmber Chesney , Kirchhoff Christine J. , Zhuang Yan , Raudales Rosa E.
Published: January 2023

Increasing demand on agricultural water resources have caused a greater need for the use of municipal recycled wastewater (MRW) globally. However, in the United States, greenhouse growers have been slow to use it in their greenhouse operations. In this study, we seek to understand the factors that motivate and limit use of MRW among US growers. Using national survey data from 2019 through 2020, we developed a logistic regression model to understand the many factors influencing growers’ willingness to use MRW on food crops. We find that MRW quality is a primary concern and that growers’ willingness to use MRW is shaped by their direct and indirect knowledge of MRW, garnered from their own and others’ experiences using it. Given these findings, improving adoption of MRW requires collective experiential learning opportunities that gather target audiences with educators, policymakers, end users, and local authorities to simultaneously provide hands-on experience tailored to growers’ particular knowledge and concerns with feedback from peers.
TEACHING ONLINE LISTENING CLASS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Astuti Endang Setiyo , Anjarwati Rini
Published: January 2023

This article discusses about how teaching listening class was implemented in the English practice program during covid-19 pandemic. Descriptive method was applied to find out whether selected material utilized by effective instructional media could meet the learning objective of the English practice program. The result showed that both the intensive and extensive material in listening class could be applied by using some media that can be used during online class by considering both students and instructors’ internet access. The selected online media platform that can replace face-to-face meeting is Google Meet application, while Google Classroom, YouTube, and WhatsApp application are selected to share and submit the class’s assignments. The teacher’s role in engaging the students with particular activities are highlighted.
INTRAPLEURAL RUPTURED HYDATID CYST OF LIVER PRESENTED AS EOSINOPHILIC PLEURAL EFFUSION: CASE REPORT
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP: 1893, Road Sidi Harazem, 30070 Fez, Morocco., Es-Sabbahi Btissame ,   Pneumology Department, CHU Hassan II, BP: 1835, Road Sidi Harazem, 30050 Fez, Morocco., Amara Bouchra ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP: 1893, Road Sidi Harazem, 30070 Fez, Morocco.,   Pneumology Department, CHU Hassan II, BP: 1835, Road Sidi Harazem, 30050 Fez, Morocco., Smahi Mohamed ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP: 1893, Road Sidi Harazem, 30070 Fez, Morocco.,   Thoracic Surgery Department, CHU Hassan II, BP: 1835, Road Sidi Harazem, 30050 Fez, Morocco., Alami Badreeddine ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP: 1893, Road Sidi Harazem, 30070 Fez, Morocco.,   Radiology Department, CHU Hassan II, BP: 1835, Road Sidi Harazem, 30050 Fez, Morocco., Elbiaze Mohammed ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP: 1893, Road Sidi Harazem, 30070 Fez, Morocco.,   Pneumology Department, CHU Hassan II, BP: 1835, Road Sidi Harazem, 30050 Fez, Morocco., Chakib Benjelloun Mohammed ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP: 1893, Road Sidi Harazem, 30070 Fez, Morocco.,   Pneumology Department, CHU Hassan II, BP: 1835, Road Sidi Harazem, 30050 Fez, Morocco., Serraj Mounia ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP: 1893, Road Sidi Harazem, 30070 Fez, Morocco.,   Pneumology Department, CHU Hassan II, BP: 1835, Road Sidi Harazem, 30050 Fez, Morocco.
Published: January 2023

Eosinophilic pleural effusions (EPE) are rare with an estimated incidence of 7.2% of all pleural effusions. EPE due to echinococcosis is exceptionally described in the literature. Pleural echinococcosis is almost always secondary to a ruptured primary lung cyst. Intrathoracic rupture of hepatic hydatid cyst (HC) is a rare clinical entity the rupture into the pleural cavity is less common than in the bronchial tree. We report a case of a 72 year old patient, presented with dyspnea, the chest X-ray showed a right-sided pleural effusion. The initial diagnostic process included two thoracentesis which yield eosinophilic pleural effusions. A transthoracic ultrasound showed cystic formations in the pleura, in addition to an abdominal collection with classic ultrasound images of water-lily sign and serpent sign. CT features suggested ruptured hepatic hydatid cyst in the pleura. Surgical intervention was indicated with postoperative chemotherapy.
LIMBERG FLAP IN MANAGEMENT OF SACROCOCCYGEAL PILONIDAL SINUS: OUR EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Senior Resident, Dept.General Surgery Gmc Anantnag., Naeem Raja Atif , Rasheed Nadeem ,   Senior Consultant, Dept.General Surgery Gmc Anantnag., Ahmad Chowdhary Shahnawaz ,   Senior Resident Dept, General Surgery Gmc Jammu.
Published: January 2023

Sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus is a common disease condition occurring in young adults 26 per 10,0000With male prepondence. Many surgical procedures have been described in literature yet there is no single gold standard procedure on offer. Our study aimed to look for the outcome of limberg flap in patient of primary or recurrent pilonidal sinus. A total of 34 patients with both primary and recurrent pilonidal sinus where operated under spinal anesthesia between January 2017 to October 2020. Of the 34 patients operated 2 developed wound seroma ,1 has wound infection and there was no recurrence. We found limberg flap reconstruction to be safe and a straightforward procedure with low complication rate and low recurrence which is not true for many other surgical procedures described in literature.
The effect of digitalization, work-family conflict, and organizational factors on employee performance during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Salju Salju , Junaidi Junaidi , Goso Goso
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic and technological development lead to a shift in economic, educational, and social behavior, subsequently influencing human life patterns and new realities through digital literacy. Education sector development and quality depend on how the employees are adapted to the current condition. Therefore, this study is directed to investigate whether and how organizational factors, including IT training, digital infrastructure, management support, and work-family conflict, affect employees who work in Indonesia’s universities. It also examines how the mediators influence employee performance. 596 employees were recruited for a survey study. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the research hypotheses. The results show that IT training, digital infrastructure, and work-family conflict positively and significantly affect employees’ digital literacy. Meanwhile, management support plays a more minor role in influencing employees’ digital literacy. Furthermore, as a mediator variable, digital literacy strongly moderates the relationship between organizational and individual factors influencing employee performance. This study’s findings provide stakeholders with information about the relationship between individual and organizational factors and employee performance. The organization’s sustainability should not only attract the required market segmentation but also enhance, strengthen, and engage the employees’ sense of belonging and commitment.
Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde Evlenme Törenlerinde Yapılan Gastronomi Uygulamaları
Authors: ADEMOĞLU Adem , DURLU-ÖZKAYA Fügen
Published: January 2023

Geçiş dönemleri, bireylerin içinde bulundukları statü ve durumun değişmesi anlamına gelmektedir. Tören ise kültüre yer etmiş kuşaktan kuşağa aktarılarak getirilen, içinde eğlence ve gastronomi uygulamalarının bulunduğu zamana denir. Evlenme törenleri bir geçiş evresi olup içinde de çok sayıda gastronomi ritüelini barındırmaktadır. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın amacı, Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde yer alan illerdeki evlenme törenlerinde yapılan gastronomi uygulamalarını belirlemektir. Kültürel, tarihî, doğal çekicilikleri ve zenginlikleri nedeniyle Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi araştırma alanı olarak belirlenmiştir. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımı çerçevesinde veri toplama tekniği olarak görüşme yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Örneklemin belirlenmesinde amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla bölgede yer alan illerde elli (50) yaş ve üzeri altmış üç (63) kültür aktarıcılarıyla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu üzerinden araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında evlilikle ilgili söz kesme, nişan, çeyiz alma-serme, düğün hamamı, kına gecesi, düğün ile ilgili araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü kişilerden görüşme yöntemiyle veri toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde betimsel analiz kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuca istinaden kuşaktan kuşağa aktarılarak getirilen kültürel değerlerin her geçen gün önemini yitirdiği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu durumun ortaya çıkmasında ise aile yapısındaki değişim, teknoloji, kentleşme, yoğun iş yaşamı, sosyoekonomik unsurların etkili olduğu ortaya koyulmaktadır. Çalışmada tüm bunların ışığı altında uygulamacılara ve gelecek araştırmalara çeşitli yönlerden katkı sağlaması için öneriler sunmak amaçlanmaktadır.
Mekân, Dijital Hastane ve Hekimlik Mesleği
Authors: ALDEMİR Dilek , YİĞİT Emin
Published: January 2023

Üretim sürecini tamamen değişime uğratan endüstri 4.0, sadece akıllı ve bağlantılı sistemler ile ilgili değildir. Endüstri 4.0, dizilemeden nanoteknolojiye kadar birçok alanda dijital teknolojilerin iç içe geçip kaynaşmasını ve karşılıklı etkileşimlerini kapsarken bu teknolojik dönüşümün tamamına neoliberal küreselleşme eşlik etmektedir. Süreç ekonomik, siyasal, sosyal, kültürel ve mekânsal dönüşümler üzerinde belirleyiciyken neoliberal politikaların merkezinde yer alan özelleştirme, piyasalaştırma ve serbestleştirme uygulamaları ile devletler hizmet sunumundan ya göreli olarak çekilmiş ya da bu alanlardaki hizmet sunumunda dönüşüme gitmiştir. Böylece sağlık, eğitim vb. gibi alanlar piyasa dinamiklerine göre yeniden yapılandırılmış ve “sağlık”, sermaye birikiminin bir aracı hâline getirilmiştir. Dolayısıyla dijital teknolojilerin gelişmesi, kapitalizmin küreselleşmesi ve devletin neoliberal bir anlayışla yeniden biçimlendirilmesi sürecinde sağlık hizmeti sunumu, tüm failleri ve aktörleriyle birlikte tekrardan sorgulanmalıdır. Nitekim dijital hastane konseptinde bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri aracılığıyla dönüşümler yaşanmaktadır. Yaşanan dönüşümlerin ürettiği gelişmelerin meşruiyeti, tartışmalara açık bazı dinamikleri (profesyonelizmin yitimi, yeni gözetim ve denetim pratikleri, mahremiyet ihlalleri gibi) üretebilme potansiyeli barındırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada, dijitalleşmenin ve neoliberal kapitalizmin mekân olarak hastaneyi, hastayı ve hekimlik mesleğini nasıl dönüştürdüğü irdelenmektedir. Yine bu çalışmada hekimlik pratiklerinin dönüşümü ve profesyonelizmin yitimi, yeni gözetim ve denetim pratikleri ile mahremiyet tartışılmaktadır.
SİYASİ SPILL OVER VE UYUM/ENTEGRASYON: AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ŞEHİTOĞLU Recep , KARAKUŞ Aykut
Published: January 2023

Nevi şahsına münhasır tek örnek olan Avrupa Birliği (AB), 2. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında teknik alanda başlayan iş birliği alanlarının diğer sektörlere de yayılması ile günümüz supranasyonal yapısına sahip olmuştur. Neo-Fonksiyonalist bir perspektif ile kömür ve çelik sektörleri özelinde başlayan bu süreç, tarihsel rekabet alanlarının (Ruhr ve Saarland gibi) bir iş birliği alanı olarak değerlendirilmesini mümkün kılmış, kolektif ve ulus üstü yapının inşa edilmesinde tetikleyeci bir parametre işlevi görmüştür. Öyle ki Avrupa Kömür Çelik Topluluğu (AKÇT) üyeleri arasında kaldırılan gümrük duvarları, Spill Over etkisi göstererek ekonomik entegrasyonu ivmelendirmiş, Avrupa Ekonomik Topluluğu (AET) ve Avrupa Atom Enerjisi Topluluğu’nun (EURATOM) kurulması ile sonuçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda üyeler arasında artan diyalog, güven ve iletişim bu toplulukların tek çatı altına toplanmasını gündeme getirmiş Füzyon Antlaşması (1967) ile, Avrupa Toplulukları (AT) adını almıştır. Topluluk üyelerinin artan refahı ve kazanç durumu, uluslararası sistemde meydana gelen gelişmeler diğer aktörlerin de AT’ye katılımını rasyonel kılmış, entegrasyon Take Off etkisi ile siyasi alanlara da yayılmıştır. Nihayetinde Avrupa Tek Senedi (ATS) ile entegrasyonun önündeki engellerin (iç pazar, rekabet koşulları, yasama vs.) çözümü için yeni bir düzenlemeye gidilmiş, parasal ve siyasi birlik için alt yapı hazırlıkları başlamış, Topluluk için 1980 yılı entegrasyon ve derinleşmenin mihenk taşı olmuştur. Sektörel bir alanda başlayan bu süreç Maastricht Anlaşması ile dallanma etkisi göstermiş ve AT, AB adını alarak ortak güvenlik ve dış politika, parasal ve siyasi alanlarda birlik kurmayı başarmıştır. Süreç içinde entegrasyona AB üyelerinin ulus devlet yapılarından kaynaklanan karşı koyuşlar olmasına rağmen AB, Avrupalı kimliğinin (AB vatandaşı) inşa edilmesine öncelik vermiş, Anayasal bağlamda bir ulus devleti andıracak bayrak, marş ve anayasa gibi girişimler ile üyeler arasında uyumu geliştirmeye çalışmıştır.
Discharge of a siphon spillway under submerged exit condition
Authors: Ahmed Warda M. , Li S. Samuel , Ramamurthy Amruthur S.
Published: January 2023

Flow through a siphon is difficult to predict due to inherent turbulence, separation and secondary circulation. This paper overcomes the difficulty by using advanced numerical techniques and rigorously assessing their suitability. The aim of this paper is to explore reliable numerical methods for predicting submerged siphon characteristics. Using the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations, we predicted three-dimensional velocity, pressure and turbulence quantities. We also conducted laboratory experiments for measurements of the submerged discharge coefficient Cd. The mean value of Cd predicted matches the measured mean value. The numerical results show flow separation in the siphon upper leg, causing secondary flow (SF) and increasing velocity above the crest. The SF shows complicated patterns and multiple turbulent eddies and reaches a maximum relative strength as large as 16%. The relative pressure has negative values in the crest region. The profiles of predicted longitudinal velocity in the crest region resemble the theoretical solution. The numerical methods and computation strategies from this paper are useful for investigating the performance of submerged siphons of various dimensions and/or geometric configurations under a wide range of hydraulic conditions. The RNG k-ε model is more suitable than the standard k-ε model and the Realizable k-ε model for turbulence closure.
Clonal complexes of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae recovered from community sewage
Authors: Oliveira Pâmela Maria , Faria-Junior Célio , Silva Daniely Martins , Matos Larissa Fernandes , Pereira Alex Leite
Published: January 2023

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-Kp) are life-threatening multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this study, CR-Kp strains isolated from sewage treatment plants (STPs) (n = 12) were tested for carbapenemase genes (blaKPC, blaNDM, blaIMP, blaVIM and blaOXA-48) and had their sequence types (ST) and clonal complexes (CCs) defined. A collection of clinical CR-Kp strains recovered in local hospitals was added to phylogenetic analyses along with sewage strains in order to infer clonality among CR-Kp strains. A total of 154 CR-Kp strains were isolated from raw sewage [55.8% (86/154)], treated sewage [25.3% (39/154)] and from water body downstream from STPs [18.8% (29/154)]. No CR-Kp strain was isolated from upstream water samples. blaKPC or blaNDM were detected in 143 (92.8%) strains. The occurrence of blaKPC-or-NDM CR-Kp strains was positively associated with the number of hospitalized patients in the areas serviced by STPs. Eleven STs were detected in CR-Kp strains, most of them belonging to the clinically relevant CC11 [ST11 (n = 13–28.2%) and ST340 (n = 7–15.2%)]. CCs 11, 15, 17, 147 and 2703 are shared by clinical and sewage CR-Kp strains. In conclusion, sewage harbors clinically relevant clones of CR-Kp that resist sewage treatments, contaminating water bodies downstream from STPs.
Assessment of physicochemical and bacteriological quality of drinking water in Sapele local government area of Delta State, South-South, Nigeria
Authors: Edeki Prince Eseoghene , Isah Essy Clementina , Mokogwu Ndubuisi
Published: January 2023

Drinking water quality for human consumption is a global matter of paramount importance. The study aimed to assess the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of drinking water from five major sources in Sapele, Delta State. Using a convenient sampling method, 40 water samples were collected from river, rain, well, borehole, and sachet water sources and examined for physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics. The pH of the water sources examined ranged from 4.5 to 6.8, the total dissolved solids (TDS) ranged between 5 and 14,000 mg/l, the electrical conductivity (EC) ranged between 10 and 740 μS/cm, and the turbidity ranged between 0.01 and 23.9 NTU. Mean levels of chloride, calcium, iron, lead, copper, and cadmium were below the maximal permissible ceilings based on WHO and NSDWQ standards. The total coliform count ranged between 0 and 9,000 MN/100 ml, with the mean concentration ranging between 0.001 and 1,268.13 MPN/100 ml. Water samples from different sources had physicochemical parameters within the stipulated standards, but the biological parameters revealed water sources with contamination. It is recommended that consumers of water from these different sources employ measures to purify their drinking water to forestall potential health risks.
Investigation of flow characteristics in gabion stepped weirs
Authors: Alabas Mohammed A. , Al-Ameri Riyadh , Das Subrat
Published: January 2023

Weirs are used to control and regulate the flow in open channels. In gabion structures, the flow conditions are more complex due to the complexity of flow through the porous body of a gabion. The present study aims to investigate the water surface profile, the overflow velocity profile, and both the through-flow and overflow ratios. Six physical models of the three downstream slopes (V:H 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3) and two types of rockfill (crushed stone and rounded gravel) were investigated. Results show that for the same discharge, the milder slope model (1:3) shows higher water surface and higher velocity than the steeper slope (1:1) with about 9 and 8% on average respectively. The water surface was 60% higher on the lower steps than on the upper steps at the nappe flow regime. Moreover, the low porosity models show a slightly higher velocity and flow depth than higher porosity models for all sections. Furthermore, increasing the porosity from 0.38 to 0.42 led to about a 27% increment in the through-flow ratio. Finally, four relationships were developed to estimate the through-flow and overflow ratios at the upstream and inner sections of the gabion weir. The suggested relationships can be considered novel relationships.
A Comprehensive Review on Phytochemistry, Ethnopharmacology, and Pharmacological Properties of Zingiber roseum (Roxb.) Roscoe
Authors: Mahawer Sonu Kumar , Kumar Ravendra , Prakash Om , Arya Sushila , Singh Shailja , de Oliveira Mozaniel Santana , Rawat Dharmendra Singh
Published: January 2023

Medicinal and aromatic plants are known to have a number of biologically active com-pounds. Since ancient times, such plants have been used in ethnopharmacology. A number of medi-cines have been developed from plant origin by researchers and researchers continue to be interest-ed in plant-based medicines. Zingiberaceae is a well-known plant family for such types of medicinal and aromatic plants. Zingiber is the third largest genus of this family and Zingiber roseum (Roxb.) Roscoe is a medicinal and aromatic Z. roseum is a rhizomatous perennial herbaceous plant of this genus, popularly known as “Rosy Ginger” and “Jangli Adrak,” utilized in the Siddha arrangement of medication, and its rhizomes have been used to treat injury, cough, asthma, skin illnesses, gastric ulcers, liver diseases, and heartburn in tradition. It also has ethnopharmacological uses, such as the rhizome of Z. roseum is used for digestion, relieving giddiness, and as a stimulant. Apart from this, it has been reported for several pharmacological activities such as antispasmodic, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities, etc. Z. roseum is a reservoir of several chemical constituents such as terpenes and terpenoids such as linalool, α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene, terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol, etc., phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and ascorbic acid along with important unique constituents such as zerumbone which are responsible for its medicinal and other biological activities. In this review article, we discussed the thorough knowledge published by researchers re-garding the phytochemistry, ethnopharmacological, and mediational properties of Z. roseum and its botanical descriptions.
Pharmacological Treatments for Congenital Myasthenic Syndromes
Caused by COLQ Mutations
Authors: Shao Shuai , Shi Guanzhong , Bi Fang-Fang , Huang Kun
Published: January 2023

Background:

Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) refer to a series of inherited disorders
caused by defects in various proteins. Mutation in the collagen-like tail subunit of asymmetric acetylcholinesterase
(COLQ) is the second-most common cause of CMS. However, data on pharmacological
treatments are limited.

Objective:

In this study, we reviewed related reports to determine the most appropriate pharmacological
strategy for CMS caused by COLQ mutations. A literature review and meta-analysis were also performed.
PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify
studies published in English before July 22, 2022.

Results:

A total of 42 studies including 164 patients with CMS due to 72 different COLQ mutations
were selected for evaluation. Most studies were case reports, and none were randomized clinical trials.
Our meta-analysis revealed evidence that β-adrenergic agonists, including salbutamol and ephedrine,
can be used as first-line pharmacological treatments for CMS patients with COLQ mutations, as 98.7%
of patients (74/75) treated with β-adrenergic agonists showed positive effects. In addition, AChEIs
should be avoided in CMS patients with COLQ mutations, as 90.5% (105/116) of patients treated with
AChEIs showed either no or negative effects.

Conclusion:

(1) β-adrenergic agonist therapy is the first pharmacological strategy for treating CMS
with COLQ mutations. (2) AChEIs should be avoided in patients with CMS with COLQ mutations.
Synthesis, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Evaluation, and DFT Estimation of
some New Cyclohexenone Derivatives Derived from Benzyloxy Chalcones
Authors: Noori Abdullah Media
Published: January 2023

Background::

New cyclohexenone derivatives candidates were designed to discover
their antioxidant and antibacterial activity potentials, respectively.

Methods:

Aldehydes with the diverse functional group were prepared from 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde
and benzyl bromide and converted to chalcones by reaction with 4-substituted benzophenones
and 2-acetyl naphthalene. When chalcone derivatives were subjected to ethyl acetoacetate, it produced
new cyclohexenone derivatives through NaOH- catalyzed addition-ring closure reaction. The
new compound structures were strengthened by their spectral information. The new compounds are
examined for in vitro antifungal and antibacterial actions through broth microdilution technique,
and they exhibited potential responses against various bacteria and fungi.

Results:

As a result, composites with (-F) group as a substituent on para position were established
to be the forceful derivatives against S. aureus, E. coli organism, and C. albicans since this compound
could inhibit the microbial and Fungai growth at lower concentrations compared to the
standards (Ciprofloxacin HCl, and Fluconazole).

Conclusion:

DPPH radical scavenging experiments were used to evaluate proton donating antioxidant effects; it was exposed that compound 7c has the most significant antioxidant activity, while less than the standard ascorbic acid. Finally, HOMO-LUMO was calculated, which represents the quantum mechanical calculations of energies and conducted by the theory of density functional (DFT) method based on the level of (B3LYP) with 6-31G (d, p) basis set.
Differential Effects of Laxatives on Barium Sulfate Coating and Image
Quality in Double-Contrast Barium Enema
Authors: Lai Cheng-Shih , Tsai Hong-Ming , Ting Chien-Yi , Wang Bow
Published: January 2023

Background:

Diagnostic accuracy of double-contrast barium enema (DCBE) depends upon the barium sulfate coating efficiency in the colon.

Objective:

To evaluate effects of three laxatives on barium sulfate coating efficiency in the large intestine, sigmoid colon, and hepatic flexure in DCBE.

Methods:

This retrospective study included patients receiving DCBE after pre-procedure cleansing with Dulcolax® with castor oil (DC), Klean-Prep® (KP), or Fleet®. Patients’ DCBE images were reviewed.

Results:

Among 373 cases of DCBE, 151 received DC, 147 received KP, and 75 received Fleet. For DCBE, the optimal extent of barium sulfate residue coated on the wall of the large intestine is less than one-fourth of bowel wall width; the DC group had a higher percentage of less than one-fourth of bowel wall than that of the KP or Fleet group (both p < 0.0167). DC, KP and Fleet have comparable barium sulfate coating efficiency in the sigmoid colon. However, in the hepatic flexure, the DC group had a higher percentage of barium sulfate coating without interruption than that of the KP or Fleet groups (both p < 0.0167).

Conclusion:

DC has a better barium sulfate coating efficiency in the hepatic flexure compared with KP and Fleet.
Research Progress on Amide Proton Transfer Imaging in
Preoperative and Postoperative Glioma Assessment
Authors: Lin Fan , Zhang Han-wen
Published: January 2023

Amide proton transfer (APT) imaging is a technique that reflects the level of amide proton
transport of hydrogen ions in water to peptides and proteins within the tumour by using magnetic resonance
imaging without contrast administration. This technique can more accurately reflect the protein
level, pH value, and other relevant information within the tumour. Currently, APT is widely used in
glioma research. In this paper, we briefly describe the research progress on this technique.
Quantitative Analysis for Chinese and US-listed Pharmaceutical
Companies by the LightGBM Algorithm
Authors: Zheng Wenwen , Li Junjun , Wang Yu , Ye Zhuyifan , Zhong Hao , Kot Hung Wan , Ouyang Defang , Chan Ging
Published: January 2023

Aim:

This article aims to quantitatively analyze the growth trend of listed pharmaceutical
companies in the US and China by a machine learning algorithm.

Background:

In the last two decades, the global pharmaceutical industry has faced the dilemma of
low research & development (R&D) success rate. The US is the world's largest pharmaceutical
market, while China is the largest emerging market.

Objective:

To collect data from the database and apply machine learning to build the model.

Method:

LightGBM algorithm was used to build the model and identify the factor important to
the performance of pharmaceutical companies.

Results:

The prediction accuracy for US companies was 80.3%, while it was 64.9% for
Chinese companies. The feature importance shows that the net profit growth rate and debt liability
ratio are significant in financial indicators. The results indicated that the US may continue to
dominate the global pharmaceutical industry, while several Chinese pharmaceutical companies
rose sharply after 2015 with the narrowing gap between the Chinese and US pharmaceutical industries.

Conclusion:

In summary, our research quantitatively analyzed the growth trend of listed pharmaceutical
companies in the US and China by a machine learning algorithm, which provide a novel
perspective for the global pharmaceutical industry. According to the R&D capability and profitability,
141 US-listed and 129 China-listed pharmaceutical companies were divided into four levels
to evaluate the growth trend of pharmaceutical firms.
Effects of Sheng-Mai Injection on Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
and Meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Maoyi , Hu Zhipeng , Yue Rensong
Published: January 2023

Background:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by progressive
β cell dysfunction. Sheng-Mai Injection (SMI), a Traditional Chinese medicine preparation,
is widely used for DM and its related complications.

Objective:

This meta-analysis aimed to summarize the applications of SMI in DM and related
complications.

Methods:

Eight databases were searched, and meta-analyses were performed.

Results:

Fifteen studies, including 1273 participants, were included. All studies and participants
included were from China. Pooled effects showed that SMI might reduce glycated hemoglobin
(MD -0.46%; 95% CI -0.89 to -0.03; P < 0.01), fasting blood glucose (MD -0.83 mmol/L; 95%
CI -1.30 to -0.36; P < 0.01), two-hour postprandial glucose (MD -1.27 mmol/L; 95% CI -1.96 to
-0.58; P < 0.01), 24-hour urinary protein (MD -0.28 mg; 95% CI -0.51 to -0.06; P = 0.01), blood
urea nitrogen (MD -1.31 mg; 95% CI -2.08 to -0.54; P < 0.05), Scr (MD -2.60; 95% CI -3.43 to
-1.77; P < 0.05), ulnar nerve motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) (MD 1.45; 95% CI 0.03
to 2.87; P < 0.05), and tibial nerve sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) (MD 1.84; 95%
CI 0.1 to 3.58; P < 0.05). There was no evidence of an effect on common peroneal nervous
MNCV and SNCV, tibial nerve MNCV, median nerve MNCV, and SNCV. Adverse effects included
less frequent gastrointestinal reactions, elevated transaminase, leucopenia, fever, and rash.

Conclusion:

Combination use of SMI based on conventional hypoglycemic treatment can significantly
improve HbA1c, FBG, and 2hPG in DM and reduce 24-hour urinary protein, Scr, and
BUN in DM patients. SMI was found to have no effect on the neurological function of diabetic
peripheral neuropathy.
Research Trends in Abrasive Water Jet Machining Using Numerical Simulation
Tools: A Bibliometric Review
Authors: Bongale Anupkumar M. , Doreswamy Deepak , Abdallah Zahra , Bhat Subraya Krishna
Published: January 2023

Background:

Abrasive water jet (AWJ) machining process is one of the most sought-after machining technologies for the processing of advanced hard-to-cut materials. It involves parameters, such as abrasive size, shape, density, pressure, standoff distance (SOD), abrasive concentration, feed rate, etc., which govern the quality of machining. It is very crucial to understand the influence of these parameters on the quality attributes.

Objective:

Due to the complex nature of the process that involves complex process parameters, the accurate prediction of response by experimental methods is difficult. In this scenario, numerical methods are helpful in understanding the mechanisms of material removal. Thus, a comprehensive summary of these research trends is needed.

Methods:

In this article, a bibliometric analysis is carried out on scientific publications pertaining to AWJ machining (AWJM) using numerical simulation tools. Citation and bibliographic coupling analyses have been carried out to identify the current research trends, the important journals, authors, institutions, and countries engaged in research on AWJM using numerical simulation.

Results:

The analysis revealed Shandong University to have the maximum number of affiliated researchers working in this area. The International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture was the leading journal based on CiteScore, SJR rank and SNIP ranks, and the largest volume of articles was published by this journal. The critical topics of research and international collaborative opportunities were identified through the analysis of keywords, Sankey and network diagrams.

Conclusion:

The present article would be valuable for academia and industry, aiding them in updating their knowledge on the latest developments in AWJM.
Introduction: Current Status and Future Advances in Cancer Biomarkers
Authors: Islam Farhadul
Published: January 2023

Cancer is a major health problem and a leading cause of morbidity and
mortality worldwide. The cancer burden can be reduced significantly using reliable,
robust, sensitive, accurate, validated and specific biomarkers for early diagnosis, better
prognosis and prediction. Traditionally, a number of biomolecules exhibit the potential
to be used as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers roles, however, they
failed to be used in point-of-care settings for routine analysis. Recent advancements in
sequencing techniques and analytical methods facilitate the development of novel and
effective cancer biomarkers (liquid biopsies) with the fidelity of clinical application.
These biomarkers provide personalized “omics” based information on the pathological
state, molecular nature and biological aggressiveness of individual patients.
Nevertheless, standardized platforms and/or methods for these biomarkers are yet to be
established. Thus, adopting a combination of classical and new cancer biomarkers
would offer a better understanding of the disease, resulting in improved clinical
outcomes for patients with cancer.
Karyotyping and Chromosomal Aberrations in Cancer: Molecular and Diagnostic Biomarkers
Authors: Cheng Tracie T. , Gamage Sujani M. K. , Aktar Sharmin , Gopalan Vinod , Islam Farhadul
Published: January 2023

Chromosomal abnormalities induce genomic instability and are associated with cancer hallmarks. Chromosomal abnormalities can be categorised into structural and numerical aberrations and are seen under a light microscope. Given the ease of detecting and observing such changes using karyotyping, chromosomal aberrations may be a useful diagnostic tool. For example, the discovery of the Philadelphia chromosome was a cytogenetic hallmark of chronic myeloid leukaemia and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Thus, this chapter explores potential aberrations which have the potential to be used as cancer markers in a clinical setting. Recurrent structural aberrations with known genetic mutations are observed in cancers of the bones, lungs, salivary glands, soft tissue, stomach, thyroid, and uterus. The association of these genetic alterations with various cancers suggests a causative role of structural aberrations in carcinogenesis and is characteristic of some cancers. Additionally, mono- and tri-somies, known as aneuploidy, are common to all cancer types, however, their roles as a cause or consequence are difficult to establish due to the sheer loss or gain of genetic material, respectively. Cancers with the most frequent trisomies, include Ewing’s sarcoma of the bone, astrocytoma of the brain, and renal adenocarcinoma. Common cancer monosomies include meningioma of the brain and ovarian adenocarcinoma. These chromosomal aberrations forge the path to a better understanding of cancer genetics. Though there are potential chromosome markers in cancer, the heterogeneity of cancer genetics makes this a challenging tool to incorporate into current oncological diagnostic guidelines. 
Protein Cancer Biomarkers
Authors: Joseph Sarath S. , V. Tran Dan H. , Islam Farhadul , Gopalan Vinod
Published: January 2023

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and it is becoming increasingly important to be able to efficiently identify and map the progression of cancers. The study of the diagnostic, predictive and prognostic value of protein biomarkers has become one of the main aspects at the forefront of cancer research. The diversity of various biomarkers for different cancers and their varying roles in each disease presents a continual challenge for researchers to understand, with new biomarkers still being discovered today. Understanding the role of protein biomarkers ensures patients are diagnosed with greater confidence and helps clinicians with treatment regimes. This chapter aims to discuss the clinical significance of various protein biomarkers in terms of their diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive value in the treatment of their respective cancers.
Factors Associated With Telemedicine Use Among Patients With Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Disease: Secondary Analysis of Data From a German Nationwide Survey
Authors: Muehlensiepen Felix , Petit Pascal , Knitza Johannes , Welcker Martin , Vuillerme Nicolas
Published: January 2023

Background

Previous studies have demonstrated telemedicine (TM) to be an effective tool to complement rheumatology care and address workforce shortage. With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, TM experienced a massive upswing. A previous study revealed that physicians’ willingness to use TM and actual use of TM are closely connected to their knowledge of TM. However, it remains unclear which factors are associated with patients’ motivation to use TM.

Objective

This study aims to identify the factors that determine patients’ willingness to try TM (TM try) and their wish that their rheumatologists offer TM services (TM wish).

Methods

We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a German nationwide cross-sectional survey among patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal disease (RMD). Bayesian univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to the data to determine which factors were associated with TM try and TM wish. The predictor variables (covariates) studied individually included sociodemographic factors (eg, age and sex) and health characteristics (eg, disease type and health status). All the variables positively or negatively associated with TM try or TM wish in the univariate analyses were then considered for the Bayesian model averaging analysis after a selection based on the variance inflation factor (≤2.5). All the analyses were stratified by sex.

Results

Of the total 102 variables, 59 (57.8%) and 45 (44.1%) variables were found to be positively or negatively associated (region of practical equivalence ≤5%) with TM try and TM wish, respectively. A total of 16 and 8 determinant factors were identified for TM try and TM wish, respectively. Wishing that TM services were offered by rheumatologists, having internet access at home, residing 5 to 10 km away from the general practitioner’s office, owning an electronic device, and being aged 40 to 60 years were among the factors positively associated with TM try and TM wish. By contrast, not yet being diagnosed with an RMD, having no prior knowledge of TM, having a bad health status, living in a rural area, not documenting one’s health status, not owning an electronic device, and being aged 60 to 80 years were negatively associated with TM try and TM wish.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that health status, knowledge, age, and access to technical equipment and infrastructure influence the motivation of patients with RMD to use telehealth services. In particular, older patients with RMD living in rural areas, who could likely benefit from using TM, are currently not motivated to use TM and seem to need additional TM support.
Association Between the Severity of Depressive Symptoms and Human-Smartphone Interactions: Longitudinal Study
Authors: Yang Xiao , Knights Jonathan , Bangieva Victoria , Kambhampati Vinayak
Published: January 2023

Background

Various behavioral sensing research studies have found that depressive symptoms are associated with human-smartphone interaction behaviors, including lack of diversity in unique physical locations, entropy of time spent in each location, sleep disruption, session duration, and typing speed. These behavioral measures are often tested against the total score of depressive symptoms, and the recommended practice to disaggregate within- and between-person effects in longitudinal data is often neglected.

Objective

We aimed to understand depression as a multidimensional process and explore the association between specific dimensions and behavioral measures computed from passively sensed human-smartphone interactions. We also aimed to highlight the nonergodicity in psychological processes and the importance of disaggregating within- and between-person effects in the analysis.

Methods

Data used in this study were collected by Mindstrong Health, a telehealth provider that focuses on individuals with serious mental illness. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5) Self-Rated Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure-Adult Survey every 60 days for a year. Participants’ interactions with their smartphones were passively recorded, and 5 behavioral measures were developed and were expected to be associated with depressive symptoms according to either theoretical proposition or previous empirical evidence. Multilevel modeling was used to explore the longitudinal relations between the severity of depressive symptoms and these behavioral measures. Furthermore, within- and between-person effects were disaggregated to accommodate the nonergodicity commonly found in psychological processes.

Results

This study included 982 records of DSM Level 1 depressive symptom measurements and corresponding human-smartphone interaction data from 142 participants (age range 29-77 years; mean age 55.1 years, SD 10.8 years; 96 female participants). Loss of interest in pleasurable activities was associated with app count (γ10=−0.14; P=.01; within-person effect). Depressed mood was associated with typing time interval (γ05=0.88; P=.047; within-person effect) and session duration (γ05=−0.37; P=.03; between-person effect).

Conclusions

This study contributes new evidence for associations between human-smartphone interaction behaviors and the severity of depressive symptoms from a dimensional perspective, and it highlights the importance of considering the nonergodicity of psychological processes and analyzing the within- and between-person effects separately.
Combining Experience Sampling and Mobile Sensing for Digital Phenotyping With m-Path Sense: Performance Study
Authors: Niemeijer Koen , Mestdagh Merijn , Verdonck Stijn , Meers Kristof , Kuppens Peter
Published: January 2023

Background

The experience sampling methodology (ESM) has long been considered as the gold standard for gathering data in everyday life. In contrast, current smartphone technology enables us to acquire data that are much richer, more continuous, and unobtrusive than is possible via ESM. Although data obtained from smartphones, known as mobile sensing, can provide useful information, its stand-alone usefulness is limited when not combined with other sources of information such as data from ESM studies. Currently, there are few mobile apps available that allow researchers to combine the simultaneous collection of ESM and mobile sensing data. Furthermore, such apps focus mostly on passive data collection with only limited functionality for ESM data collection.

Objective

In this paper, we presented and evaluated the performance of m-Path Sense, a novel, full-fledged, and secure ESM platform with background mobile sensing capabilities.

Methods

To create an app with both ESM and mobile sensing capabilities, we combined m-Path, a versatile and user-friendly platform for ESM, with the Copenhagen Research Platform Mobile Sensing framework, a reactive cross-platform framework for digital phenotyping. We also developed an R package, named mpathsenser, which extracts raw data to an SQLite database and allows the user to link and inspect data from both sources. We conducted a 3-week pilot study in which we delivered ESM questionnaires while collecting mobile sensing data to evaluate the app’s sampling reliability and perceived user experience. As m-Path is already widely used, the ease of use of the ESM system was not investigated.

Results

Data from m-Path Sense were submitted by 104 participants, totaling 69.51 GB (430.43 GB after decompression) or approximately 37.50 files or 31.10 MB per participant per day. After binning accelerometer and gyroscope data to 1 value per second using summary statistics, the entire SQLite database contained 84,299,462 observations and was 18.30 GB in size. The reliability of sampling frequency in the pilot study was satisfactory for most sensors, based on the absolute number of collected observations. However, the relative coverage rate—the ratio between the actual and expected number of measurements—was below its target value. This could mostly be ascribed to gaps in the data caused by the operating system pushing away apps running in the background, which is a well-known issue in mobile sensing. Finally, some participants reported mild battery drain, which was not considered problematic for the assessed participants’ perceived user experience.

Conclusions

To better study behavior in everyday life, we developed m-Path Sense, a fusion of both m-Path for ESM and Copenhagen Research Platform Mobile Sensing. Although reliable passive data collection with mobile phones remains challenging, it is a promising approach toward digital phenotyping when combined with ESM.