bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ein Update zur Leishmaniose des Hundes: Diagnostik, Therapie und Monitoring
Authors: Schäfer Ingo , Müller Elisabeth , Naucke Torsten J.
Published: December 2022

Aufgrund von steigenden Importzahlen von Hunden aus dem Ausland, zunehmendem Reiseverkehr sowie den Veränderungen klimatischer Bedingungen in Europa gewinnen Infektionen mit Leishmania (L.) infantum bei Hunden in Deutschland zunehmend an Bedeutung. Daher sollten auch Hunde aus dem Ausland, die keine klinischen Symptome zeigen, direkt nach Import sowie erneut 6 Monate später auf vektorübertragene Infektionserreger getestet werden. Bei Hunden mit klinischer Symptomatik, die hinweisend auf eine Leishmaniose sind, werden direkte und indirekte Nachweisverfahren sowie eine hämatologische und biochemische Untersuchung unter Einbezug von Serumeiweißelektrophorese sowie Bestimmung des C-reaktiven Proteins empfohlen. Als Leitfaden für die Therapie sowie das Monitoring stehen die LeishVet-Guidelines zur Verfügung. Es stehen leishmanizide und leishmaniostatische Wirkstoffe zur Verfügung, die in first-line, second-line und third-line unterschieden werden. Zur Anpassung der Allopurinol-Dosierung wird der Stufenplan empfohlen. Aufgrund der Veränderung der klimatischen Bedingungen kommt es zu einer Ausbreitung der Habitate von Sandmücken, die als Vektoren der Leishmaniose bekannt sind. Als weitere Infektionsquellen sind Deckakte, transplazentare Infektionen, Bisswunden und Bluttransfusionen beschrieben. Leishmania infantum hat zoonotisches Potential und ist daher auch in Hinblick auf den „One-Health“-Gedanken bedeutend.
Surface Roughness and Hardness of CAD/CAM Ceramic Materials after Polishing with a Multipurpose Polishing Kit: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Limpuangthip Nareudee , Poosanthanasarn Ekaluck , Salimee Prarom
Published: December 2022

Objective This article evaluates the effect of multipurpose polishing kit on surface roughness and hardness of three computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) ceramic materials at different polishing durations. Weight changes of the polishing bur were also determined.

Material and Methods Three CAD/CAM ceramic materials were lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e.max CAD), translucent zirconia (VITA YZ), and zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate ceramic (Celtra Duo). Ceramics were ground with a diamond bur, and polished with the multipurpose polishing kit (Eve Diacera HP), which comprises coarse and fine polishing burs. Surface roughness value (Ra) was measured using a noncontact optical profilometer (n = 10 per group) after grinding and every 15 seconds of coarse and fine polishing until 60 seconds. The complete polishing Ra was compared with the lab as-received specimens and human enamel. Surface morphology was examined using a scanning electron microscope after 60-second coarse and fine polishing and compared with the lab as-received specimens. Hardness was measured using a Vickers hardness tester on the lab as-received specimens and after the final polishing process (n = 4 per group). Changes in surface roughness and polishing bur weight of each material were analyzed using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and dependent t-test. One-way ANOVA was used to detect differences in surface roughness, Vickers hardness, and bur weight among materials within the same polishing duration (α = 0.05).

Results From grinding to complete polishing, the greatest Ra reduction was found in VITA YZ, followed by Celtra Duo and IPS e.max CAD. Final Ra values of all ceramics after 60-second fine polishing were not significantly different, and were similar to that of enamel and lab as-received specimens. Vickers hardness of ceramic materials did not change after grinding and polishing. Coarse polishing bur demonstrated the highest weight loss after polishing VITA YZ, followed by Celtra Duo and IPS e.max CAD.

Conclusion The multipurpose polishing kit reduced surface roughness of CAD/CAM ceramic materials to the similar level of the lab as-received specimen and enamel regardless of material's hardness. The reductions of surface roughness and a coarse polishing bur weight were highest in VITA YZ, followed by Celtra Duo and IPS e.max CAD.
Eating Behavior and Caries Experience in Children with Growth Stunting
Authors: Sari Regina Puspita , Rahayuwati Laili , Setiawan Arlette Suzy
Published: December 2022

Objective Stunting is the impaired growth and development children experience from chronic malnutrition and repeated infection that cause long-term damage. Malnutrition for a long time will affect the shape and composition of bones and teeth, making children more vulnerable to dental health problems. Preschoolers with sufficiently active consumption can choose the food they like delightful foods so that it can increase the risk of caries. Based on data from the Bandung City Health Office in 2019, 161 toddlers (25.43%) in Sukawarna Village experienced stunting. This study analyzed the relationship between eating behavior and caries experience in stunting children in Sukawarna Village, Sukajadi District.

Materials and Methods This study uses a quantitative descriptive research method with a secondary data analysis approach from the documentation of the Universitas Padjadjaran Academic Leadership Grant data with the title “Aspects of jaw growth-development and family approach in early detection and prevention of stunting.” Sampling used purposive sampling specifically for preschool children with a sample size of 80 respondents. The data obtained will be processed and then analyzed using the Spearman Rank correlation statistical test.

Results Sixty-three percent of respondents have poor eating behavior, and the majority (80.35%) have cavities due to caries (decay). Spearman Rank correlation coefficient is −0.145 and significance is 0.0983.

Conclusion Overall eating behavior is related to the caries experience in stunting children. Consumption of cariogenic foods influences the caries experience.
Vibrational Force on Accelerating Orthodontic Tooth Movement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Akbari Amin , Gandhi Vaibhav , Chen Jie , Turkkahraman Hakan , Yadav Sumit
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to systematically gather and analyze the current level of evidence for the effectiveness of the vibrational force in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). This systematic review was conducted using three electronic databases: Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar until March 2022. The search was done through the following journals: European Journal of Orthodontics, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, The Angle Orthodontist, Progress in Orthodontics, and Seminars in Orthodontics. Human or animal studies that have evaluated the effect of vibrational force on the rate of OTM were selected. A meta-analysis was performed for the rate of canine movement per month. Database research, elimination of duplicate studies, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed by authors independently and in duplication. A fixed and random-effect meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of vibrational forces. A total of 19 studies (6 animal and 13 human studies) that met the inclusion criteria were included. Meta-analysis was performed based on four human clinical trials. Three out of four studies showed no significant difference in the rate of canine movement between vibrational force and control groups. The limitation of this study was the small sample size and significant heterogeneity among the studies. Although vibrational forces have been shown to accelerate OTM in experimental studies, the results are inconsistent in clinical studies. The inability to apply desired peak load to the targeted teeth may be the main factor in inconsistent clinical outcomes.
Exosomal microRNAs Targeting TP53 Gene as Promising Prognostic Markers for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jayaseelan Vijayashree Priyadharsini , Arumugam Paramasivam
Published: December 2022

Statement of Problem MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate an array of functions by targeting crucial genes. A significant dysregulation in the TP53 profile has been observed in the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. Hence, the present in silico study was designed to identify those microRNAs which target TP53 gene and demonstrate their differential expression in HNSCC cases.

Materials and Methods The study was extended further to explore their exosomal location using database such as EVmiRNA and ExoCarta. The study follows an observational in silico design. Computational tool miRDB was used identify the microRNA targets of TP53 gene. The UALCAN server was used to ascertain the expression of microRNA in HNSCC cases derived from the Cancer Gene Atlas dataset. The survival of HNSCC patients based on the differential expression microRNA markers were recorded. Further, each of the microRNA was queried for their exosomal presence using EVmiRNA.

Results About 102 microRNA targets of TP53 gene with a target score in the range of 95–50 were identified. The differential expression data for 52 microRNAs was retrieved from the UALCAN database. The microRNAs hsa-miR-421, hsa-miR-548f-5p, and hsa-let-7c-5p were found to be differentially expressed with marked influence over the survival of HNSCC patients. Furthermore, hsa-miR-421 and hsa-let-7c-5p were found to have an exosomal origin especially in body fluids such as blood and saliva.

Conclusion The results accumulated from the present study identified three microRNAs which can affect the functions of TP53 gene and bring about serious outcomes in HNSCC patients. The microRNAs of exosomal origin targeting TP53 gene in HNSCC patients can be a promising prognostic marker, which can be further used as a therapeutic lead by designing inhibitors.
Preventing Teratogenicity in Women with Epilepsy
Authors: Kinney Michael O. , Smith Phil E. M. , Craig John J.
Published: December 2022

Over the last 50 years there has been a significant increase in our understanding of the issues faced by women with epilepsy, in both planning and undertaking pregnancy. The risks of teratogenicity associated with antiseizure medications have emerged slowly. The major pregnancy registers have substantially contributed to our knowledge about teratogenic risk associated with the commonly used antiseizure medications. However, there are substantial gaps in our knowledge about the potential risks associated with many third-generation drugs. The remit of the pregnancy registers and the wider research focus has moved beyond anatomical major congenital malformations. Increasingly neurodevelopmental and behavioral abnormalities have been investigated after in utero exposure to antiseizure medications. Public health approaches can help reduce the risk of teratogenicity. However, neurologists still have a vital role in reducing the risk of teratogenicity at an individual level for women attending their clinic. They also have responsibility to ensure that women with epilepsy are aware of the rationale for the different available options.
Nachruf: Zum Gedenken an Alois G. Steidel
Authors: Ekkernkamp Axel
Published: December 2022

Am 1. November 2022 ist Alois G. Steidel nach kurzer schwerer Krankheit verstorben. Er wurde 62 Jahre alt.
Digitale Notaufnahmen: Studie stellt deutliche Defizite fest
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: December 2022

Der Unternehmensberater Lukas Illini hat eine bundesweite Umfrage zum Stand der Digitalisierung in den deutschen Notaufnahmen durchgeführt. Im Gespräch erläutert er die Ergebnisse der Studie und die Konsequenzen, die sich daraus ergeben.
Befragung zur nächsten Patientengeneration: Zwischen Mensch und Maschine
Authors: Teurer Ibo , Müller Antonia , Neuhauser Laura
Published: December 2022

Was erwartet der Patient von morgen? Eine Befragung von Deloitte zeigt, wie die Bedürfnisse und Wünsche der nächsten Patientengeneration aussehen könnten.
ÖVKT-Jahresrückblick: Zeit für neue Wege
Authors: Thalmayr Maria
Published: December 2022

Drastisch gestiegene Energiepreise, Lieferkettenstörungen in allen Produktsparten, eine Verknappung und enorme Verteuerung von Baustoffen und all das bei immer noch hohen Personalausfällen durch die Pandemie, … – die Technik im Krankenhaus ist gefordert wie nie zuvor.
Reproduction in the Australian desert rodents Notomys alexis and Pseudomys australis (muridae).
Authors: Smith J. R. , Watts C.H.S. , Crichton E. G.
Published: December 2022

Notomys alexis and Pseudomys australis have a similar pattern of reproduction but differ slightly in the timing of events. Both have a longer oestrous cycle and gestation length, a smaller litter size and a longer period of suckling than Rattus and Mus. The young of both species cling tenaciously to the teats of the mother during lactation. Delayed implantation is suspected to occur in N. alexis but not in P. australis. The pattern of reproduction is discussed in relation to the limited information on other native Muridae. It is suggested that the slower rate of reproduction could be a result of: (a) adaptation to an arid environment, or (b) an inherited pattern that has become fixed within the native Muridae.
Effect of advanced photoperiod on termination of embryonic diapause in the marsupial Macropus eugenii (Macropodidae).
Authors: Hearn J. P.
Published: December 2022

NA
The biology of marsupials of the Australian arid zone.
Authors: Brown G. D.
Published: December 2022

Presidential Address given at the 12th General Meeting of The Australian Mammal Society, Sydney, 12-13 August 1972.
Observations on a captive marsupial mole, Notoryctes typhlops.
Authors: Howe D.
Published: December 2022

Some new observations are recorded on a captive specimen of the marsupial mole, Notoryctes typhlops. These include feeding habits, sleeping behaviour, temperature requirements, and suggestions for keeping in captivity.
Some observations of the behaviour and nest utilization of free-living Antechinus stuartii (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae).
Authors: Dickman C. R.
Published: December 2022

NA
Life-spans of the tammar wallaby Macropus eugenii (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) in wild populations.
Authors: Inns R. W.
Published: December 2022

NA
The possible occurrence in New Guinea of the ghost bat (Macroderma gigas: Chiroptera: Megadermatidae).
Authors: Filewood L. W.
Published: December 2022

NA
Occurrences of the extinct macropodid marsupial Simosthenurus maddocki in New South Wales.
Authors: Flannery T. F. , Hope J.
Published: December 2022

NA
Notes on the diets of Mus musculus and Pseudomys hermannsburgensis (Rodentia: Muridae) in western Queensland.
Authors: Watts C. H. S. , Morton S. R.
Published: December 2022

NA
Feeding behaviour of the Australian ghost bat, Macroderma gigas (Chiroptera: Megadermatidae) in captivity.
Authors: Guppy A. , Coles R. B.
Published: December 2022

NA
Small native mammals from the Chinaman Well area, northwestern Victoria.
Authors: Coventry A. J. , Dixon J. M.
Published: December 2022

NA
Sminthopsis leucopus (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae) in north Queensland rainforest.
Authors: Dyck S. Van
Published: December 2022

Until recently Sminthopsis leucopus (Gray, 1842) was known from temperate southeastern Australia. The collection of two S. leucopus from montane tropical Queensland produces a 2100 km gap between tropical and temperate ranges. Minor cranial and dental differences between northern and southern specimens include smaller bullae, longer molar rows, bulkier premolars and widely-rooted upper incisors. The presence of S. leucopus in rainforest refugia may support the view that ancestral Sminthopsis was adapted to non-arid environments.
Multivariate analysis of allometry in a single population of Coyotes (Canidae: Canis latrans Say).
Authors: Blood B. R. , Matson J. O. , Patten D. R.
Published: December 2022

Allometric growth relationships within a single population of Coyotes (Canis latrans) from Kern County, California were analyzed. Three primary questions were considered: 1) what, if any, is the effect of age and or sex on morphological variation; 2) what, if any, is the extent of sexual dimorphism in allometric growth; and 3) how does a classical, subjective age criterion compare to ages based upon an analysis of tooth cementum layers. Based upon an examination of 118 skulls, six subjective age classes were recognized which more or less correspond to the absolute ages as determined by tooth cementum layers. Twelve cranial measurements were analyzed by Regression, Principal Components and Canonical Discriminant analyses. Males and females were found to grow at similar rates, as indicated by the slopes of the regression lines, but females simply stopped growing at an earlier age. Males were larger in size for all age groups and for all measurements. Sex and error were found to be the major components in the variance analysis. Age contributed significantly only to one variable (zygomatic breadth). The results of our analyses are incorporated into a hypothesis concerning energetics of Coyote reproduction.
Observations on the oestrous cycle and gestation period of the Greater Bilby, Macrotis lagotis (Reid) (Marsupialia: Thylacomyidae).
Authors: McCracken H. E.
Published: December 2022

Observations were made of the oestrous cycle and gestation period of the Greater Bilby, Macrotis lagotis. Seventeen animals (12 females, five males) were used in this study. Smears were taken daily from the urogenital sinus in order to monitor the oesirous cycle. Two stages were recognised in the cycle. The first stage was characterised by the appearance in smears of greater than 80% cornified epithelial cells and very few polymorphonuclear leucocytes. The mean duration of this stage was 4 days (range: 2-11 days). Stage 2 was characterised by a lower percentage of cornified cells (generally <65%) and a greater abundance of Ieucocytes. Its mean duration was 17 days (range: 7-30 days). Histological evidence of ovulation and nocturnal observations of sexual activity occurring during Stage I of the cycle indicated that oestrus occurred during this period of intense urogenital cornification. The length of the oestrous cycle was measured as the period between two consecutive stages of intense cornification. Cycles were detected in only six of 10 animals smeared. The cycle length averaged 21 days (range: 12-37 days; n = 14). Gestation length was measured as the interval between parturition and the first day of the preceding period of intense cornification. Gestation length averaged 14 days (range: 13-16 days; n = 4).
Stomach contents of the long-tailed pygmy-possum Cercartetus caudatus (Marsupalia: Burramyidae).
Authors: Smith A. P.
Published: December 2022

NA
Comparison of the diets of the feathertail glider, Acrobates pygmaeus, and the eastern pygmy-possum, Cercartetus nanus (Marsupialia: Burramyidae) in sympatry.
Authors: Huang C. , Ward S. , Lee A. K.
Published: December 2022

NA
Observations on the diet of the Southern Brown Bandicoot, lsoodon obesulus (Marsupialia: Peramelidae), in southern Tasmania.
Authors: Quin D. G.
Published: December 2022

Analysis of 48 faecal samples of lsoodon obesulus, collected over three seasons from Huonville in southern Tasmania, revealed prey representing 36 plant and invertebrate taxa. I. obesulus appears to be a qualitatively opportunistic omnivore feeding on a wide range of invertebrate and plant material. Quantitatively, in terms of type of prey, a large number of disparities exist between arthropod prey items in the diet and in pitfall traps and soil samples. Principal invertebrate items comprised Formicidae, Scarabaeidae larvae, Staphylinidae beetles, Calliphoridae larvae and Araneae. Major plant items were grasses, seeds, clover root nodules, Gasteromycete and Zygomycete fungi. The diet appeared to reflect seasonally and locall y abundant food items.
Finite features of quantum de Sitter space
Authors: Anninos Dionysios , Galante Damián A , Mühlmann Beatrix
Published: December 2022

We consider degrees of freedom for a quantum de Sitter spacetime. The problem is studied from both a Lorentzian and a Euclidean perspective. From a Lorentzian perspective, we compute dynamical properties of the static patch de Sitter horizon. These are compared to dynamical features of a black hole. We point out differences suggestive of non-standard thermal behaviour for the de Sitter horizon. We establish that geometries interpolating between an asymptotically AdS2×S2space and a dS4interior are compatible with the null energy condition, albeit with a non-standard decreasing radial size ofS2. The putative holographic dual of an asymptotic AdS2spacetime is comprised of a finite number of underlying degrees of freedom. From a Euclidean perspective we consider the gravitational path integral for fields over compact manifolds. In two-dimensions, we review Polchinski’s BRST localisation of Liouville theory and propose a supersymmetric extension of timelike Liouville theory which exhibits supersymmetric localisation. We speculate that localisation of the Euclidean gravitational path integral is a reflection of a finite number of degrees of freedom in a quantum de Sitter Universe.
Impact of CH4 addition on the electron properties and electric field dynamics in a Ar nanosecond-pulsed dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Chen Timothy Y , Mao Xingqian , Zhong Hongtao , Lin Ying , Liu Ning , Goldberg Benjamin M , Ju Yiguang , Kolemen Egemen
Published: December 2022

Non-equilibrium plasmas derive their low temperature reactivity from producing and driving energetic electrons and active species under large electric fields. Therefore, the impact of reactants on the plasma properties including electron number density, electric field, and electron temperature is critical for applications such as plasma methane (CH

4

)

reforming. Due to experimental complexity, electron properties and the electric field are rarely measured together in the same discharge. In this work, we combine time-resolved Thomson scattering and electric field induced second harmonic generation to probe electron temperature, electron density, and electric field strength in a 60 Torr CH4/Ar nanosecond-pulsed dielectric barrier discharge while varying the CH4 mole fraction from 0% to 8%. These measurements are compared to a 1D numerical model to benchmark its predictions and identify areas of uncertainty. Nonlinear coupling between CH4 addition, electron temperature, electron density, and the electric field was directly observed. Contrary to previous measurements in He, the electron temperature increased with CH4 mole fraction. This rise in electron temperature is identified as electron heating by residual electric fields that increased with larger CH4 mole fraction. Moreover, the electron number density has been found to decrease rapidly with the increase of methane mole fraction. Comparison of these measurements with the model yielded better agreement at higher CH4 mole fractions and with the usage of ab initio calculated Ar electron-impact cross-sections from the B-spline R-matrix database. Furthermore, the calculated plasma properties are shown to be sensitive to the residual surface charge implanted on the quartz dielectric surfaces. Without considering surface charge in the simulations, the calculated electric field profiles agreed well with the measurements, but the electron properties were underpredicted by more than a factor of three. Therefore, measurements of either the electric field or electron properties measurements alone are insufficient to fully validate modeling predictions.
Dual- luminophore efficient luminescent solar concentrator fabricated by low-cost 3D printing
Authors: Ebrahimisadr Saeid , Olyaeefar Babak , Ahmadi-kandjani Sohrab
Published: December 2022

Luminescent Solar Concentrators (LSCs), as cost-effective optical devices for photon concentration, have been showing promising applications in photovoltaic systems. Recently, LSCs are being fabricated through different methods to improve their performance and reduce the cost of fabrication. One of the most common and traditional methods of LSC fabrication is Free Radical Polymerization. In which free radicals are formed through thermal decomposition or photolysis of radical initiators. This research work introduces 3D printed LSCs based on CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 Perovskite Nanocrystals (NCs) and an organic Rhodamine b luminophore mixtures. Nowadays, 3D printing technology has a wide variety of applications in industry, medicine, education, etc. 3D printing technique due to the cheap and accessible raw materials is proved to be a facile and cost-effective method to fabricate LSCs. CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 Perovskites were synthesized using a modified reverse microemulsion method. Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) granules with a luminophore concentration of 0.001 wt% were used to fabricate 3D Printer filament as a polymer for LSC fabrication. XRD, FE-SEM, and EDS analysis were applied to synthesized Perovskites to prove formation of CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 Perovskites. Absorption and Photoluminescence spectrum of used luminophores in LSCs were investigated. Re-absorption effect and I–V plots of prepared LSCs were studied. The I–V plot of the attached solar cell to pristine PLA and luminophore dispersed LSCs shows that the solar cell attached to the dual-luminophore LSC is approximately 122% more efficient than the one attached to pristine PLA LSC.
Thermomagnetic instabilities in 3D network of superconducting lead nanofilaments in porous glass
Authors: Shitov A E , Mikhailin N Y , Kumzerov Y A , Shamshur D V , Volkov M P
Published: December 2022

Thermomagnetic instabilities in the lead-porous glass (Pb-PG) nanocomposite in superconducting state were studied, and a model was proposed that relates magnetization jumps and heat release spikes with average critical current density. The samples were created by filling porous glass (characteristic pore size d = 7 nm) with lead from a melt under pressure, which created a 3D multiply connected system of lead filaments. The critical temperature of superconducting transition in Pb-PG T

c
= 7.2 K is the same as for bulk lead and the critical magnetic field H

c
(0) ≈ 40 kOe is much higher than H

c

bulk
(0) ≈ 800 Oe for bulk lead. Hysteresis and magnetic flux jumps were observed in the magnetization curves m(H) of the Pb-PG nanocomposite, which are connected with the formation of magnetic flux gradients in a system of interconnected contours. Magnetic flux jumps are thermomagnetic processes accompanied by heat release which was directly observed by measuring adiabatic temperature change in the sample during magnetic field sweep. The flux jumps in the magnetization and heat release events were almost periodic in the magnetic field. The period dependences on the magnetic field are similar to the calculated average critical current density dependence j

c

(H).
Rotational and vibrational temperatures of hydrogen nonequilibrium plasmas from Fulcher band emission spectra
Authors: Bruno Domenico , Zaniol Barbara , Mario Isabella
Published: December 2022

A roto-vibrational resolved corona model is discussed for the simulation of the Fulcher spectrum in Hydrogen low pressure discharges. The model allows to derive H
2 rotational and vibrational temperatures from the analysis of emission spectra in the [600:640] nm range. The model is applied to the analysis of emission spectra collected at the SPIDER negative ion source. Results are presented for different values of the applied power to the plasma, pressure, and for different regions of the plasma, thus providing a characterization of the plasma with respect to the internal temperatures of the molecular component.
Classification of DC discharge modes based on acoustic signal
Authors: Xiong Zilan , Wang Yuqi , Li Mengqi
Published: December 2022

Gas discharge will produce rich electromagnetic, optical as well as acoustic signals. Compared with the other signals, acoustic signals are also significant and would offer non-contact, low cost and easy-operation approach for online discharging monitoring, which require more attention and intensive study. In this paper, we studied the characteristics of acoustic signals in the corona, transient glow, spark, and glow discharging modes generated in a DC pin-to-pin configuration and developed a method using acoustic signals to classify the different discharge modes. The acoustic signals of the discharge at different gaps were recorded by adjusting the gap distance. 250 sets of acoustic signal samples were collected for each discharging mode. It was found that acoustic signals behave differently in different modes. Based on the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) of the acoustic signals, a novel method for discharge mode classification using the support vector machine (SVM) approach was developed. The final predictive accuracy of the trained classifier exceeds 90%.
Binding energies, oscillator strengths of core/shell spherical quantum dots with or without on- or off-center donor impurities under an external magnetic field
Authors: Negoukoumé Abdoulaï A , Melingui Melono R L , Doba P , Motapon O
Published: December 2022

Non-relativistic energy levels, binding energies and oscillator strengths of CdSe/ZnTe core/shell spherical quantum dots with or without impurities submitted to an external magnetic field have been investigated by using a B-spline based variational method, within the framework of the effective mass approximation. In the case where the system contains hydrogenic impurity, the effects of its off-center displacement combined to the height of the confining potential have also been studied. The dielectric constant as well as the effective mass are considered to be dependent on the radius. The modifications occurring due to the presence of the magnetic field have been analyzed. We have found that the electronic and optical properties are strongly affected by the magnetic field strength, the spatial confinement and the off-center displacement. The oscillator strengths and the binding energies increase with the magnetic field, but its effect on the binding energies (both ground and excited states) is dimmed by the reduction of the core-to-shell radii ratio and the increase of the off-center displacement to the vicinity of the shell. However, the oscillator strengths increase with the magnetic field when the off-center displacement increases towards the shell.
Dynamic correlation and polaronic effects on the correlational properties of finite-temperature electron quantum wire
Authors: Puttar Devi , Verma Vishal , Garg Vinayak , Moudgil R. K.
Published: December 2022

We study the role of dynamic correlation and polaronic effects on the correlational properties of a GaAs-based electron quantum wire at finite-temperature T. The dynamics of electron correlations is incorporated through the self-consistent mean-field approximation of Hasegawa and Shimizu (the qSTLS theory) and the polaronic effects via the Fröhlich interactions. Results are presented for the static correlation functions, dynamic structure factor and electron’s contact probability over a wide range of T and electron number density r

s
. We find that for a fixed wire width b and T, electrons undergo a transition from the quantum liquid to Wigner crystal state due to the dynamics of severely correlated electrons at a critical

r

s

=

r

s

c

. The inclusion of polaronic effects along with the conventional electron-electron interactions tends to increase r

s

c
significantly at each T ultimately improving the quantum phase diagram. The electron’s contact probability exhibits a non-monotonic T-dependence which remains positive over a broader range of r

s
owing to the inclusion of polaronic effects. Besides, we explore the effect of phonon contribution on the plasmon energy of the quantum wire at non-zero T and find that there is splitting in the energy into two branches namely, plasmonlike and phononlike with former having energy lower than the latter. Both of the energy modes show consistent blue shift with rise in T, get damp at a critical wave vector q

c
, and q

c
decreases with T. Finally, we calculate the finite-T polaronic contribution to the free energy whose magnitude increases with T as r

s
→ 0 and it becomes almost constant at sufficiently high r

s
.
Improving the performance of the self-powered polymer-based UV/Vis photodetectors via carbon fibers
Authors: Havigh Roya Shokrani , Chenari Hossein Mahmoudi , Yıldırım Fatma , Orhan Zeynep , Aydoğan Ş
Published: December 2022

Both Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and matrix-polymer of carbon (C)-PVP fibers (Fs) composites were synthesized by using the electrospinning technique and deposited onto the p-Si wafers to obtain PVP Fs/p-Si and C-PVP Fs/p-Si devices. The ultraviolet/Visible (UV/Vis) photodetector performance of both devices was compared. Both devices gave self-powered mode and with increasing the visible light intensity, the photocurrents of both devices increased. Besides, it was observed that the optical performance of the device containing C was better than the PVP Fs/p-Si device in both visible and UV lights. This was attributed to the high absorption properties of carbon and the increase in conductivity in the PVP due to carbon fibers. Furthermore, it is thought that the electric field formed in the carbon-PVP interaction and C-PVP/p-Si interface improves the optical properties of the device by increasing the exciton separation efficiency. Under the self-powered mode, the C-PVP Fs/p-Si device exhibited a maximum detectivity and ON/OFF ratio of 5.60 × 1010 Jones and 53 764, respectively for UV light of 365 nm. Under 100 mW visible light, these values ​​were determined as 1.01 × 1010 Jones and 9739, respectively, at V = 0. In addition, from the obtained noise-equivalent power (NEP) values, it was concluded that weaker signals can be detected under UV light (6.94 × 10−14 w Hz−1/2, at −2 V) than visible light (3.32 × 10−13 w/Hz1/2, at −2 V) for C-PVP Fs/p-Si.
Implementation of SOLPS-ITER code with new Grad–Zhdanov module for D–T mixture
Authors: Makarov S.O. , Coster D.P. , Kaveeva E.G. , Rozhansky V.A. , Senichenkov I.Y. , Veselova I.Y. , Voskoboynikov S.P. , Stepanenko A.A. , Bonnin X. , Pitts R.A.
Published: December 2022

A new Grad–Zhdanov module is implemented into the SOLPS-ITER code for calculation of the parallel kinetic coefficients. A complete, multi-ion generalization is performed, relaxing the heavy impurity assumption. A JET-like D+T+Ne test simulation is conducted to demonstrate the ability to model a 50/50 deuterium (D) and tritium (T) mixture in SOLPS-ITER. More than 30% T build-up with respect to D is observed in different parts of the simulation domain, in particular at the high field side. A T predominance over D is also observed near both the inner and outer targets. It is a result of the different effective diffusion, dominated by charge-exchange processes, for the D and T neutral species. A simple 1D model is proposed to describe this phenomenon. The contribution to the differing D and T distribution in different regions from the Grad–Zhdanov thermal force is also studied. Due to the thermal force and the D/T poloidal flow from the low field side to the high field side, the prevalence of the T species over D is found at the high field side at the X-point level. The latter leads to an inner–outer divertor asymmetry of

n
T

/

n
D

. However, the effect is relatively small due to the close D and T masses. It is further shown that the infinite ion mass difference limit, which is used for the derivation of the Zhdanov-Yushmanov analytical expressions and applied for the thermal force coefficient calculation previously used in the SOLPS-ITER code, overestimates

n
T

/

n
D

significantly. Thus, the old SOLPS-ITER model should not be applied for D–T simulations. Finally, possible experimental studies of the D and T spatial separation due to the new effects revealed by this modelling are discussed.
Typicality of the 2021 Western North America summer heatwave
Authors: Lucarini Valerio , Melinda Galfi Vera , Riboldi Jacopo , Messori Gabriele
Published: December 2022

Elucidating the statistical properties of extreme meteo-climatic events and capturing the physical processes responsible for their occurrence are key steps for improving our understanding of climate variability and climate change and for better evaluating the associated hazards. It has recently become apparent that large deviation theory (LDT) is very useful for investigating persistent extreme events, and specifically, for flexibly estimating long return periods and for introducing a notion of dynamical typicality. Using a methodological framework based on LDT and taking advantage of long simulations by a state-of-the-art Earth system model, we investigate the 2021 Western North America summer heatwave. Indeed, our analysis shows that the 2021 event can be seen as an unlikely but possible manifestation of climate variability, whilst its probability of occurrence is greatly amplified by the ongoing climate change. We also clarify the properties of spatial coherence of the 2021 heatwave and elucidate the role played by the Rocky Mountains in modulating hot, dry, and persistent extreme events in the Western Pacific region of North America.
A gas-phase standard delivery system for direct breath analysis
Authors: Streckenbach Bettina , Sakas Justinas , Perkins Nathan , Kohler Malcolm , Moeller Alexander , Zenobi Renato
Published: December 2022

Applications for direct breath analysis by mass spectrometry (MS) are rapidly expanding. One of the more recent mass spectrometry-based approaches is secondary electrospray ionization coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (SESI-HRMS). Despite increasing usage, the SESI methodology still lacks standardization procedures for quality control and absolute quantification. In this study, we designed and evaluated a custom-built standard delivery system tailored for direct breath analysis. The system enables the simultaneous introduction of multiple gas-phase standard compounds into ambient MS setups in the lower parts-per-million (ppm) to parts-per-billion (ppb) range. To best mimic exhaled breath, the gas flow can be heated (37 °C–40 °C) and humidified (up to 98% relative humidity). Inter-laboratory comparison of the system included various SESI-HRMS setups, i.e. an Orbitrap and a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (QTOF), and using both single- as well as multi-component standards. This revealed highly stable and reproducible performances with between-run variation <19% and within-run variation <20%. Independent calibration runs demonstrated high accuracy (96%–111%) and precision (>95%) for the single-compound standard acetone, while compound-specific performances were obtained for the multi-component standard. Similarly, the sensitivity varied for different compounds within the multi-component standard across all SESI-Orbitrap and -QTOF setups, yielding limits of detections from 3.1 ppb (for p-xylene) to 0.05 ppb (for 1,8-cineol). Routinely applying the standard system throughout several weeks, allowed us to monitor instrument stability and to identify technical outliers in exhaled breath measurements. Such routine deployment of standards would significantly improve data quality and comparability, which is especially important in longitudinal and multi-center studies. Furthermore, performance validation of the system demonstrated its suitability for reliable absolute quantification while it illustrated compound-dependent behavior for SESI.
The yield of maize-soybean intercropping on Mycorrhizal inoculation treatment and plant nutrition provision in suboptimal land North Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Astiko W , Ernawati N M L , Silawibawa I P
Published: December 2022

Mycorrhizal inoculation and plant nutrition have an important role in increasing the yield of maize-soybean intercropping in suboptimal land. The experimental design used was a factorial randomized block design with two factors, the first factor was AMF inoculation which consisted of two levels, namely M0= without AMF inoculation and M1= with AMF inoculation, and the second factor was plant nutrition treatment. with four levels, namely U0= without the addition of nutrients, U1= with the addition of 100% dose of inorganic fertilizer (maize = urea 300 kg ha-1and Phonska 200 kg ha-1, soybean = 60 kg ha-1Urea and 120 kg ha-1Phonska), U2= with the addition of 100% dose of cattle manure and U3= with the addition of 50% dose of cattle manure (6 t ha-1) plus 50% dose of inorganic fertilizer (maize = urea 150 kg ha-1and Phonska 100 kg ha-1, soybean= 30 kg ha-1Urea and 60 kg ha-1Phonska). The results showed that AMF inoculation treatment and application of 50% inorganic fertilizer plus 50% organic fertilizer gave the highest yield with maize grain weight of 4.3 tons ha-1and soybean grain weight of 0.5 tons ha-1.
Perspective of increasing value added of waste in integrated rice-livestock system on irrigated land agroecosystem
Authors: Nazam Moh. , Hadiawati Lia , Suriadi Ahmad
Published: December 2022

The farmers’ welfare has still the main milestone in agricultural development. Farmers are faced with a lack of access to productive assets that are managed as a source of income. The knowledge and technology owned by farmers in order to manage limited resources of farms and anticipate climate change are also still limited, causing a problem in increasing productivity, low efficiency, and added value of farming. Meanwhile, abundant plant and livestock waste have not been utilized optimally. This study aimed to determine the perspective of increasing the added value of plant and livestock waste as a bio-industrial farming system based on rice-livestock integration in irrigated land agroecosystems. The research was conducted in Setanggor Village, West Praya District, Central Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara from 2015-2020. The results of the study indicate that the processing of livestock waste into organic fertilizer has become a new source of income for farmers and workers and contributes to increasing household income to meet the minimum necessities of life. The use of organic fertilizer from livestock waste for 1-2 t ha-1 in rice farming can increase productivity by an average of 13.11% and farm efficiency by an average of 9.25%, providing additional income to farmers cooperator compared to noncooperator farmers by about IDR.3.638.360 ha-1 (23.73%). The processing and utilization of straw waste into animal feed can overcome the scarcity of feed in the dry season and provide daily weight gain of 0.58-0.69 kg. day-1. The development of a bio-industry farming system based on rice-livestock integration in an irrigated agroecosystem can increase farmers’ income in a sustainable manner.
The profile of soil fertility and yield of coffee in the land with a different slope (Case study in Way Tenong District, West Lampung Regency)
Authors: Barus J , Ernawati Rr , Mawardi R
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze the level of soil fertility, the condition of the physical properties of the soil, and the level of soil erodibility on coffee plantations with various slope levels. Observations were made on coffee plantations in two villages in Way Tenong District, West Lampung Regency, namely Fajar Bulan Village and Puralaksana Village, in April 2022. The number of sampling points in each village is 6 points. Composite soil samples were taken to analyze the chemical properties of the soil, including pH, C-Organic, N-Total, P content, and soil cation exchange capacity. Meanwhile, intact soil samples were used to determine the values of bulk density, soil porosity, soil texture, and soil moisture content. The analysis was carried out at the Laboratory of Institute for Agricultural Technology Assessment (BPTP) Lampung. Based on the soil pH levels at the sampling location, the soil reactions were acid with pH < 5, with only one location with a pH above 5 (FB 1). Soil organic matter content in most locations was still low, except for FB 1 location. The slope of the slopes at the soil sampling location varied from flat (0 - 10%) to mountainous (>60%). Based on physical properties, soil density is generally high (the highest BD is 1.59) and low porosity value. The coffee yields tend to decline from 2019-2021.
Changes in the anatomical characters of root and stem of three large-seeded soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) under drought stress
Authors: Kisman  , Sumarjan  , Hemon A. Farid , Dewi Suprayanti Martia , Susilowati Lolita Endang , Gunawan Baiq Weni
Published: December 2022

Drought stress, one of the most common abiotic environmental stresses, occurs most often due to climate change, and this can limit plant growth and development. Plant genotypes including soybeans often provide different anatomical responses in the face of drought stress. This study aims to find out the changes in the anatomical characters of root and stem of three large-seeded soybean genotypes under drought stress conditions. The experimental method was used in this study and using polybags as an experimental unit which was carried out at the Greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Mataram University. The study was conducted using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial with two factors. The first factor was the drought stress (K) consisted of K0 (normal, no drought stress) and K1 (drought stress). The second factor was the large-seeded soybean genotype (G) consisted of G1 (KH1), G2 (Argomulyo), and G3 (Grobogan). Each combination of the treatments was repeated in three replicates. The results of this study showed that: (1) drought stress increased the thickness of the epidermis and phloem layers and decreased the thickness of the cortex, parenchyma stele, and xylem in the root anatomy, while in the anatomy of the stem decreased in the thickness of the epidermis, the thickness of xylem and phloem, meanwhile in the anatomy of the leaves did not show any difference. (2) Under drought stress conditions, Argomulyo was the lowest in thickness of the cortex and xylem of the roots and stems compared to genotypes KH1 and Grobogan. (3) KH1 experienced a significant increased in the diameter of the stem pith under drought stress.
Development of local staple food in supporting food security: a case study in North Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Yusuf M. , Usman Abdullah
Published: December 2022

Food supplies for households, hotels and restaurants are still mostly supplied from outside of the North Lombok. The high potential of the region which has not been widely used to produce food, can reduce the import. The aims of this research are to: (1) Identify the potential and utilization of local staple food in North Lombok, West Nusat Tenggara (2) mapping local food. Descriptive method was used in this study and data collected using survey techniques were analyzed descriptively. Results showed that: (1) there were 16 (sixteen types) of local staple foods in addition to rice which was still tried by the community in North Lombok. The local staple food can be developed as one of the local staple alternatives. The foods are: cassava, sweet potato, taro, Indian shot, arrowroot, tubbers, bitter yam, lesser yam, stink lily, breadfruit, foxtail millet, sorghum, corn, peanut, lablab bean, and pumpkin. The utilization of processed products from these plants is still limited as direct consumption in the form of boil or fried, but some have been processed in other forms such as: chips, crackers, compote, flour, and various other snacks; (2) The sixteenth potential of the local staple food is quite available and spread in all sub-districts in North Lombok Regency, except for lablab Beans which only exist in Bayan District.