bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complications of patients with bone tumors treated with carbon-fiber plates: an international multicenter study
Authors:   Carbon-Fiber International Collaboration Initiative Research Group, Rijs Zeger , Weekhout Amber , Lozano-Calderon Santiago A. , Groot Olivier Q. , Berner Emily , Merchan Nelson , Yeung Caleb M. , Oliveira Vsania , Bianchi Giuseppe , Staals Eric , Lana Debora , Donati Davide , Segal Ortal , Marone Stefano , Piana Raimondo , De Meo Simone , Pellegrino Pietro , Ratto Nicola , Zoccali Carmine , Scorianz Maurizio , Tomai Cecilia , Scoccianti Guido , Campanacci Domenico Andrea , Andreani Lorenzo , de Franco Silvia , Boffano Michele , Cosker Thomas , Sethurajah Varunprasanth , Pensado Manuel Peleteiro , Ruiz Irene Barrientos , Moreno Esperanza Holgado , Ortiz-Cruz Eduardo Jose , van de Sande Michiel
Published: November 2022

Carbon-fiber (CF) plates are a promising alternative to metal plates. However, reported experience in orthopaedic oncology remains limited. The aim of this study was to identify complications of patients with bone tumors treated with CF plates. Between February 2015 and May 2021, 13 centers retrospectively registered patients with bone tumors that were reconstructed using CF plates. Complications were identified, and timing and etiology of complications were noted. Similar complications were tabulated and classified based on mechanical, non-mechanical and paediatric complications. Mechanical complications included: (1) aseptic loosening or graft-host non-union, and (2) structural complications. Non-mechanical complications included: (3) soft tissue complications, (4) infection and (5) tumor progression. Specific paediatric complications included (6) growth arrest resulting in longitudinal or angular deformity. Ninety-six patients were included with a median follow-up time of 35 months. In total, 22 (23%) patients had complications. Mechanical complications included: 1 (1%) aseptic loosening, 2 (2%) non-unions, and 7 (7%) structural complications. Non-mechanical complications included 1 (1%) soft tissue complication, 4 (4%) infections and 5 (5%) tumor progressions. Paediatric complications occurred in 2 (2%) patients. This study suggests CF plates are safe to use in demanding reconstructions after bone tumor resections, presenting a seemingly low complication profile.
Graph-generative neural network for EEG-based epileptic seizure detection via discovery of dynamic brain functional connectivity
Authors: Li Zhengdao , Hwang Kai , Li Keqin , Wu Jie , Ji Tongkai
Published: November 2022

Dynamic complexity in brain functional connectivity has hindered the effective use of signal processing or machine learning methods to diagnose neurological disorders such as epilepsy. This paper proposed a new graph-generative neural network (GGN) model for the dynamic discovery of brain functional connectivity via deep analysis of scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) signals recorded from various regions of a patient’s scalp. Brain functional connectivity graphs are generated for the extraction of spatial–temporal resolution of various onset epilepsy seizure patterns. Our supervised GGN model was substantiated by seizure detection and classification experiments. We train the GGN model using a clinically proven dataset of over 3047 epileptic seizure cases. The GGN model achieved a 91% accuracy in classifying seven types of epileptic seizure attacks, which outperformed the 65%, 74%, and 82% accuracy in using the convolutional neural network (CNN), graph neural networks (GNN), and transformer models, respectively. We present the GGN model architecture and operational steps to assist neuroscientists or brain specialists in using dynamic functional connectivity information to detect neurological disorders. Furthermore, we suggest to merge our spatial–temporal graph generator design in upgrading the conventional CNN and GNN models with dynamic convolutional kernels for accuracy enhancement.
A prospective, controlled study on the utility of rotational thromboelastometry in surgery for acute type A aortic dissection
Authors: Larsson Mårten , Zindovic Igor , Sjögren Johan , Svensson Peter J. , Strandberg Karin , Nozohoor Shahab
Published: November 2022

To evaluate the hemostatic system with ROTEM in patients undergoing surgery for acute type aortic dissection (ATAAD) using elective aortic procedures as controls. This was a prospective, controlled, observational study. The study was performed at a tertiary referral center and university hospital. Twenty-three patients with ATAAD were compared to 20 control patients undergoing elective surgery of the ascending aorta or the aortic root. ROTEM (INTEM, EXTEM, HEPTEM and FIBTEM) was tested at 6 points in time before, during and after surgery for ATAAD or elective aortic surgery. The ATAAD group had an activated coagulation coming into the surgical theatre. The two groups showed activation of both major coagulation pathways during surgery, but the ATAAD group consistently had larger deficiencies. Reversal of the coagulopathy was successful, although none of the groups reached elective baseline until postoperative day 1. ROTEM did not detect low levels of clotting factors at heparin reversal nor low levels of platelets. This study demonstrated that ATAAD is associated with a coagulopathic state. Surgery causes additional damage to the hemostatic system in ATAAD patients as well as in patients undergoing elective surgery of the ascending aorta or the aortic root. ROTEM does not adequately catch the full coagulopathy in ATAAD. A transfusion protocol in ATAAD should be specifically created to target this complex coagulopathic state and ROTEM does not negate the need for routine laboratory tests.
Application of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy as a diagnostic system for the highly sensitive monitoring of the evolution of subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced complications
Authors: Sun Jingyi , Song Yanan , Zhao Shijun , Yang Mingfeng , Yuan Hui , Wang Ying , Liu Xinyu , Che Fengyuan
Published: November 2022

A novel SERS biosensor to detect the development of SAH and its induced complications from cerebrospinal fluid is reported.
Rapid and comprehensive identification of chemical constituents in Mai-Luo-Shu-Tong pill by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS combined with a data mining strategy
Authors: Zhang Xiangyu , Chu Yaojuan , Wang Mengli , Shi Yingying , Zuo Lihua , Li Zhuolun , Liu Jiyun , Kang Jian , Du Shuzhang , Li Bing , Sun Zhi , Zhang Xiaojian
Published: November 2022

Mai-Luo-Shu-Tong pill is an effective traditional Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of superficial thrombophlebitis, but it was insufficiently chemically scrutinized.
Immunocolorimetric assay based on amplified gold nanoparticles and magnetic separation beads for detection of sesame allergens in food
Authors: Linghu Xiaopan , Wang Shasha , Liu Wentao , Wang Rui , Lu Yang
Published: November 2022

A magnetic separation-based immunocolorimetric assay was developed for detecting sesame allergens in food samples.
Cooperative interaction between organic and inorganic moieties in hybrid silica nanohelices for enantioselective interaction
Authors: Nag Rahul , Okazaki Yutaka , Scalabre Antoine , Anfar Zakaria , Nlate Sylvain , Buffeteau Thierry , Oda Reiko , Pouget Emilie
Published: November 2022

Hybrid nanometric helical structures formed by the molecular assemblies of dicationic gemini surfactants with tartrate counterions covered with helical silica walls interact differently with matching or mismatching enantiomers of the tartrate.
Merging photoredox with copper catalysis: enantioselective remote cyanation via 1,4-heteroaryl migration
Authors: Guo Kang , Han Chunyu , Xie Xiaofei , Chen Bin , Cao Shujun , Yuan Weidong , Chen Kang , Liu Fang , Zhu Yingguang
Published: November 2022

A heteroaryl group “dance” enabled enantioselective remote cyanation by photoredox/Cu dual catalysis is presented, which provides a facile access to various enantioenriched alkyl nitriles.
Crystal structure and magnetocaloric effect of non-rare-earth KBa8Fe12(Bi6−xFex)O38
Authors: Wu Xuan , Deng Yanyun , Wu Shuting , Chen Xin , Hu Xiaolin , Zhuang Naifeng
Published: November 2022

Non-rare-earth cubic crystal of KBa8Fe12(Bi6−xFex)O38 is constructed to have strong MCE at ultra-low temperature.
Influence of the chemical structure of diisocyanate on the electrical and thermal properties of in situ polymerized polyurethane–graphene composite films
Authors: Owji Erfan , Ostovari Fatemeh , Keshavarz Alireza
Published: November 2022

If the conductivity and thermal properties of polyurethane films are improved with fillers, they can be used in wearable electronics, strain sensors, etc.
Schottky diodes based on blue phosphorene nanoribbon homojunctions
Authors: Liu Yue-Hong , Lu Xiang-Qian , Dong Mi-Mi , Zhang Guang-Ping , Li Zong-Liang , Wang Chuan-Kui , Fu Xiao-Xiao
Published: November 2022

Diodes have been widely studied as one of the most commonly used electronic components in circuits, and it is important to find diodes with an excellent rectification performance.
Novel Ag-based thin film solar cells: concept, materials, and challenges
Authors: Li Xiaobei , Fu Junjie , Zhao Dandan , Zhao Chaoliang , Guo Yanru , Liu Manying , Zheng Zhi
Published: November 2022

Novel Ag-based thin film solar cells have attracted extensive attention in recent years in the photovoltaic (PV) field due to their outstanding properties like a high light absorption coefficient, low toxicity, abundance, and an appropriate band gap.
The synergetic effect of a gold nanocluster–calcium phosphate composite: enhanced photoluminescence intensity and superior bioactivity
Authors: Jiang Yingying , Chen Xin , Yang Jingzhi , Chang Lo-Yueh , Chan Ting-Shan , Liu Han , Zhu Xiaohui , Su Jiacan , Zhang Hao , Fan Yunshan , Liu Lijia
Published: November 2022

Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) loaded on calcium phosphate (Ca–P) through biomimetic mineralization show bright luminescence through aggregation induced emission enhancement and the as-formed composite has greater biocompatibility than AuNCs or Ca–P alone.
Determination of thickness-dependent damping constant and plasma frequency for ultrathin Ag and Au films: nanoscale dielectric function
Authors: Mendoza-Herrera Luis J. , Tebaldi Myrian C. , Scaffardi Lucía B. , Schinca Daniel C.
Published: November 2022

This paper is devoted to determine an analytical expression for the thickness dependent complex dielectric function for the case of Ag and Au thin films.
Oxygen nonstoichiometry and thermodynamic quantities of Gd and Cu doped misfit-layered calcium cobaltites
Authors: Bae Hohan , Namgung Yeon , Park Kwangho , Shin Donghwi , Park Jun-Young , Song Sun-Ju
Published: November 2022

Oxygen nonstoichiometry (δ) of GCCCO as a function of temperature (T) and partial pressure of oxygen (pO2).
Prediction of the ferrovalley property with sizable valley splitting in Janus monolayer GdBrI
Authors: Zhang Jianping , Wang Yaping , Xia Qian , Ren Miaojuan , Wang Peiji , Zhang Changwen , Li Shengshi , Ji Weixiao
Published: November 2022

Two-dimensional Janus monolayer GdBrI has been demonstrated as a ferrovalley material with sizable valley splitting. This valley splitting can be further tuned by varying the magnetization orientation, biaxial strain and perpendicular electric field.
Automated full-dimensional potential energy surface development and quasi-classical dynamics for the HI(X1Σ+) + C2H5 → I(2P3/2) + C2H6 reaction
Authors: Yin Cangtao , Czakó Gábor
Published: November 2022

We develop a high-level spin–orbit-corrected analytical ab initio potential energy surface and perform quasi-classical trajectory simulations to study the dynamics of the 9-atomic HI + C2H5 → I + C2H6 reaction in full (21) dimensions.
Hollow CoS2 anchored on hierarchically porous carbon derived from Pien Tze Huang for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Xue Yan Xue , Dai Fei Fei , Gao Ding Ling , Liu Yu Xiang , Chen Jian Hua , Yang Qian , Lin Qiao Jing , Lin Wei Wei
Published: November 2022

The development of electrode materials with a high specific capacitance, power density, and long-term stability is essential and remains a challenge for developing supercapacitors.
Sn species modified mesoporous zeolite TS-1 with oxygen vacancy for enzyme-free electrochemical H2O2 detecting
Authors: Xue Fengfeng , Qin Ruomeng , Zhu Runwei , Zhou Xiaoxia
Published: November 2022

Sn species modified zeolite TS-1 with a unique mesopore structure (Sn-TS-1) and rich oxygen vacancy defects has been designed, which can be used as an enzyme-free electrochemical sensor for H2O2 detection.
Binuclear, tetranuclear and hexadecanuclear thio-oxomolybdenum(v/iv) glycolates with selective adsorptions of gases
Authors: Lin Rong-Yan , Deng Lan , An Dong-Li , Zhou Zhao-Hui
Published: November 2022

Binuclear, tetranuclear and hexadecanuclear thio-oxomolybdenum(v/iv) glycolates are constructed successively. Different degrees of protonation in glycolates promote the changes in configurations. Gas adsorptions in 4 show discrepant affinities for O2and CO2.
Slow magnetic relaxation in Fe(ii)m-terphenyl complexes
Authors: Valentine Andrew J. , Geer Ana M. , Blundell Toby J. , Tovey Will , Cliffe Matthew J. , Davies E. Stephen , Argent Stephen P. , Lewis William , McMaster Jonathan , Taylor Laurence J. , Reta Daniel , Kays Deborah L.
Published: November 2022

Demonstration thatm-terphenyls are tuneable and versatile ligands capable of inducing highly axial ligand fields upon a low-coordinate metal centre.
Solar-driven H2O2productionviacooperative auto- and photocatalytic oxidation in fine-tuned reaction media
Authors: Moon Byeong Cheul , Bayarkhuu Bolormaa , Zhang Kai A. I. , Lee Dong Ki , Byun Jeehye
Published: November 2022

A fine-tuned organic working solution that synergistically combines auto- and photocatalysis achieves one of the highest solar-to-chemical conversion efficiencies of up to 1.1% to coproduce H2O2and aldehyde under simulated sunlight.
High performance, but low cost and environmental impact? Integrated techno-economic and life cycle assessment of polyoxazolidinone as a novel high-performance polymer
Authors: Bachmann Marvin , Marxen Annika , Schomäcker Reinhard , Bardow André
Published: November 2022

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Techno-economic Assessment (TEA) are crucial for a comprehensive evaluation of the novel high-performance thermoplastic polymer polyoxazolidinone (POX).
A machine learning-based framework to design capillary-driven networks
Authors: Garcia Eijo Pedro Manuel , Duriez Thomas , Cabaleiro Juan Martín , Artana Guillermo
Published: November 2022

We present a novel approach for the design of capillary-driven microfluidic networks using a machine learning genetic algorithm (ML-GA).
Synthesis of NaYF4:Ho3+/Yb3+ colloidal upconversion phosphor and its application for OCT-based imaging, temperature sensing, fingerprinting and security ink
Authors: Shwetabh Kumar , Maurya Sachin K. , Banerjee Abhishek , Poddar Raju , Kumar K.
Published: November 2022

In this work, an NaYF4:Ho3+/Yb3+ upconversion phosphor in colloidal form was synthesized and then its suitability for image contrast enhancement in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and photothermal (PT) OCT imaging was analysed.
Synthesis of two tetra-azolium salts and the recognition performance for guests
Authors: Zhao Zhi-Xiang , Hu Lin-Hai , Yu Shao-Cong , Liu Qing-Xiang
Published: November 2022

Two tetra-azolium salts 1 and 2 were synthesized and characterized, and their selective recognition of guests (o-phenylenediamine and F−) was investigated.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of 5-chalcogenyl-benzo[h]quinolines via photocyclization of arylethynylpyridine derivatives
Authors: Peglow Thiago J. , Martins Carolina C. , da Motta Ketlyn P. , Luchese Cristiane , Wilhelm Ethel A. , Stieler Rafael , Schneider Paulo H.
Published: November 2022

A new method for the synthesis of benzo[h]quinolines 5-chalcogenyl-functionalized via visible light-promoted intramolecular ortho-cyclization was described. Furthermore, studies have suggested that this class of compounds may have promising therapeutic potential.
Direct electrochemistry of doxorubicin and its ultra-sensitive detection using a novel porous thorny carbon dodecahedron
Authors: Ouyang Yongchang , Liang Miao , Wang Fangzhen , Mei Songqing , Mo Guangquan
Published: November 2022

Novel polyhedron was prepared for the high-performance electrocatalysis and detection of doxorubicin, leading to the successful doxorubicin sensing in HeLa cell inhibition.
Fe–Co controlled super-hygroscopic hydrogels toward efficient atmospheric water harvesting
Authors: Wu Hangfei , Xiong Yuli , Yu Duohuan , Yang Peixin , Shi Huihui , Huang Lu , Wu Yali , Xi Mufeng , Xiao Peng , Yang Lin
Published: November 2022

A super-hygroscopic bimetallic hydrogel with high water uptake and low desorption temperature is reported, providing an efficient strategy for directly harvesting freshwater from atmosphere.
The thermodynamic origins of chiral twist in monolayer assemblies of rod-like colloids
Authors: Liu Yawei , Wood Jared A. , Giacometti Achille , Widmer-Cooper Asaph
Published: November 2022

A simple model system enables us – for the first time – to fully characterize the thermodynamic forces that drive chiral assembly behaviours in membranes formed by small rod-like colloids under a broad range of particle shapes and interactions.
Correction: Adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons over CuZnFeAl–LDH modified by sodium dodecyl sulfate
Authors: Liu Boqing , Cao Jingjing , Jiang Yong , Yan Shichang , He Haiming , Shi Yu , Xu Songsong , Liang Jinhua , Ren Xiaoqian
Published: November 2022

Correction for ‘Adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons over CuZnFeAl–LDH modified by sodium dodecyl sulfate’ by Boqing Liu et al., RSC Adv., 2022, 12, 25623–25632, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2RA03968K.
A carbapenem antibiotic inhibiting a mammalian serine protease: structure of the acylaminoacyl peptidase–meropenem complex
Authors: Kiss-Szemán Anna J. , Takács Luca , Orgován Zoltán , Stráner Pál , Jákli Imre , Schlosser Gitta , Masiulis Simonas , Harmat Veronika , Menyhárd Dóra K. , Perczel András
Published: November 2022

The structure of porcine AAP (pAAP) in a covalently bound complex with meropenem was determined by cryo-EM to 2.1 Å resolution, showing the mammalian serine-protease inhibited by a carbapenem antibiotic.
The Feasibility of Home-Based Treatment Using Vibratory Stimulation in Chronic Severe Dysphagia
Authors: Kamarunas Erin , Mulheren Rachel , Wong Seng Mun , Griffin Lindsay , Ludlow Christy L.
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

Previously, externally placed vibratory laryngeal stimulation increased rates of swallowing in persons with and without dysphagia. This study examined the feasibility of using a vibratory device on the skin over the thyroid cartilage for home-based swallowing rehabilitation in long-standing dysphagia.

Method:

Only participants with long-standing dysphagia (> 6 months) following cerebrovascular accident or head/neck cancer who had not previously benefited from dysphagia therapy participated. The device had two modes used daily for 90 days. In automatic mode, participants wore the device when awake, which vibrated for 4–8 s every 5 min to trigger a volitional swallow. In manual mode, participants practiced by activating vibration while swallowing rapidly. Study-related adverse events, such as pneumonia, and device-recorded adherence were tracked. Swallowing function on a modified barium swallow study was assessed at baseline and after 3 months of device use. Outcome measures included the Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale (DOSS), Penetration–Aspiration Scale (PAS), and swallowing timing measures. Participants' perceptions of the vibratory device and training were obtained.

Results:

The intent to treat analysis showed seven of 11 participants completed the study, all with severe chronic dysphagia. Of those seven participants completing the study, two developed respiratory complications (possibly due to pneumonia) that cleared after antibiotic intervention. For prescribed practice trials, adherence was 80% or greater in four of seven participants (57%) whereas prescribed automatic stimulations were met in only two of seven participants (29%). Three participants (43%) had a modest benefit on DOSS. The time to vestibule closure after the bolus passed the ramus was reduced in five participants (71%) on the modified barium swallow study.

Conclusion:

Overall, the results have indicated that intensive home-based practice with stimulation may provide limited functional benefits in severe chronic dysphagia.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21498591
Evaluating Different Scoring Systems for a Picture Description Task Among Preschool Children Who Speak African American English
Authors: Hendricks Alison Eisel , Jerard Jillian , Guo Ling-Yu
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

Measures of grammatical accuracy are effective measures of children's language skills. However, many measures, such as percent grammatical utterances, were developed for children who speak General American English (GAE) and, therefore, may not be appropriate for students who speak other dialects. This study examines different scoring systems for a picture description task to explore the impact of different systems for children who speak African American English (AAE).

Method:

Eighteen preschool-age children who speak AAE completed a play-based language sample and a picture description task. The Index of Productive Syntax (IPSyn) was calculated for the play-based language samples and used as the reference measure. The picture description task was scored using four scoring systems: an expansive AAE scoring system, a GAE scoring system, and two strategic scoring systems. Scores were compared for each scoring system, and correlations between IPSyn scores and picture description scores were conducted.

Results:

Scores on the picture description task were highest in the expansive AAE scoring system, followed by scores in the strategic scoring systems, all of which were higher than scores in the GAE scoring system. There was a significant correlation between IPSyn scores and picture description scores when using the GAE scoring system and the strategic scoring systems, but not when using the expansive AAE scoring system.

Conclusions:

Different scoring systems affect AAE-speaking preschoolers' scores on measures of grammatical accuracy, and the use of an expansive AAE scoring system, based on lists of nonmainstream features, may diminish the ability to differentiate between children with different ability levels. Future research is needed to refine scoring systems and to explore the validity of different scoring systems for detecting differences between preschoolers who speak AAE, with and without developmental language disorder.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21498618
Student Clinicians' Views of Telepractice and In-Person Service Delivery
Authors: Page Christen Guffey , Hughes Charles , Woody Rachel
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to compare graduate student clinicians' self-reported perceptions of in-person versus telepractice service delivery based on preparation/training, treatment process, client and clinician engagement, data collection, and client progress.

Method:

This study used mixed methodology to answer three research questions: (a) What are the differences between students clinicians' perceptions pre– and post–in-person and telepractice service delivery, (b) What are the differences between student clinicians' views of in-person and telepractice service delivery, and (c) How do changes in the pre- and post-surveys represent the student clinicians' views of in-person versus telepractice service delivery? Graduate students completed pre- and post-surveys and participated in focus groups following 16 weeks of telepractice or in-person service delivery.

Results:

Overall, findings revealed more similarities than differences between telepractice and in-person service delivery based on students' self-report before and after treatment. Similarities included preparation methods, use of evidence-based practice, amount of family involvement, and client progress. Differences included amount of time to prepare for the session, establishing rapport, and collecting data. In the end, participants' self-efficacy and implementation readiness increased for both service delivery models.

Conclusion:

Findings from this study provide a foundation for graduate training by relating telepractice to in-person service delivery models.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21498636
What’s the Evidence? A Commentary on FEES Research
Authors: Pisegna Jessica M.
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) is a well-respected swallowing assessment, harking back to 1988 when it was first published by Susan Langmore as a procedure. Since then, its methodology has evolved to afford clinicians, researchers, and patients a sensitive, specific, and predictive exam. A myriad research has investigated FEES technique and its outcomes, rendering it an effective and efficient procedure for swallowing assessment and therapy. This commentary will outline evidence for FEES to support evidence-based practice. What is the evidence for speech tasks? Secretion scales? What is the predictive nature of aspiration as seen on FEES? This comprehensive review will outline the science bolstering the use and confidence in FEES.

Conclusions:

This commentary reviews studies that have proposed normative data collected via FEES for decision making, specifically when assessing pharyngeal and laryngeal anatomy, bolus spillage, and the white out period. Evidence for FEES sensitivity and predictive aspects are reviewed in relationship to speech tasks, secretions, aspiration and penetration–aspiration scale scores, and pharyngeal residue scales. The acute care advantage of FEES is defined in its use on postextubation populations, assessment of dysphagia in COVID-19 positive patients, and safe evaluation during ice chip administration with acutely ill patients. Finally, inference making on FEES is discussed in regard to epiglottic retroflexion and depth of aspiration.

When it comes to assessing pharyngeal dysphagia, the true strengths of FEES are rooted in evidence. It has been shown to be sensitive, predictive, and practical and will likely continue to have stronger support as research continues to enrich its potential.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21498699
Blind identification of feedback polynomials for synchronous scramblers in a noisy environment
Authors: Ding Yong , Huang Zhiping , Zhou Jing
Published: November 2022

This paper investigates blind identification methods for linear scramblers under non‐cooperative conditions, which are essential for the inverse analysis of communication protocols using scramblers. In this paper, a blind identification scheme for feedback polynomials of synchronous scramblers is proposed. A variable is first proposed that measures the correctness of the test polynomial by using the soft information of the received sequence, then the mean and variance of the variable in different cases are obtained, and finally the optimal threshold value to determine whether the test primitive polynomial is correct or not is obtained. That is, the blind identification problem is transformed into a hypothesis testing problem. The simulations verify that the proposed scheme requires a much smaller scrambled sequence length than existing blind identification schemes. Furthermore, the proposed scheme is more fault tolerant than existing schemes and has a signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) gain of at least 3 dB when the intercepted scrambled sequences are of the same length and high identification accuracy is achieved.
YOLOv4‐dense: A smaller and faster YOLOv4 for real‐time edge‐device based object detection in traffic scene
Authors: Jiang Yue , Li Wenjing , Zhang Jun , Li Fang , Wu Zhongcheng
Published: November 2022

Edge‐device‐based object detection is crucial in many real‐world applications, such as self‐driving cars, ADAS, driver behavior analysis. Although deep learning (DL) has become the de‐facto approach for object detection, the limited computing resources of embedded devices and the large model size of current DL‐based methods increase the difficulty of real‐time object detection on edge devices. To overcome these difficulties, in this work a novel YOLOv4‐dense model is proposed to detect objects in an accurate, fast manner, which is built on top of the YOLOv4 framework but with substantial improvements. More specifically, lots of CSP layers are pruned since it will decrease inference speed. And to address the losing small objects problem, a dense block is introduced. In addition, a lightweight two‐stream YOLO head is also designed to further reduce the computational complexity of the model. Experimental results on NVIDIA JETSON TX2 embedded platform demonstrate that YOLOv4‐dense can achieve a higher accuracy, faster speed with smaller model size. For instance, on the KITTI dataset, YOLOv4‐dense obtains 84.3% mAP and 22.6 FPS with only 20.3 M parameters, surpassing the state‐of‐the‐art models with comparable parameter budget such as YOLOv3‐tiny, YOLOv4‐tiny, PP‐YOLO‐tiny by a large margin.
A novel decoder based on Bayesian rules for task‐driven object segmentation
Authors: Cai Yuxiang , Yu Yuanlong , Jiang Weijie , Chen Rong , Zheng Weitao , Wu Xi , Su Renjie
Published: November 2022

As a challenging problem in computer vision, salient object segmentation has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Though a lot of works based on encoder–decoder have been made, these methods can only recognize and segment one class of objects, but cannot segment the other classes of objects in the same image. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel decoder based on Bayesian rules to perform task‐driven object segmentation, in which a control signal is added to the decoder to determine which class of objects need to be segmented. What's more, a Bayesian rule is established in the decoder, in which the control signal is set as the prior, and the latent features learned in encoder is transferred to the corresponding layer of decoder as observation, thus the posterior probability of each object with respect to the specific‐class can be calculated, and the objects belonging to this class can be segmented. This proposed method is evaluated for task‐driven salient object segmentation on several benchmark datasets, including MS COCO, DUT‐OMRON, ECSSD etc. Experimental results show that the approach tends to segment accurate, detailed, and complete objects, and improves the performance compared with the previous state‐of‐the‐art.
Bistatic noise radar: Demonstration of correlation noise suppression
Authors: Ankel Martin , Jonsson Robert , Bryllert Tomas , Ulander Lars M. H. , Delsing Per
Published: November 2022

In this study, spatial separation of the radar transmitter and receiver units is considered, as a means of reducing the masking effect in noise radars. A bistatic radar system is constructed, with emphasis on a lightweight transmitter unit that can be mounted on a commercial Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The system uses pseudo‐random noise, generated digitally at the receiver and transmitter units. Correlation losses, due to non‐linearities in the transmitter and receiver units, are measured to 0.1 dB. This study shows that by separating the transmitter and receiver unit the masking effect is significantly reduced, compared to a monostatic setup. This reduction is enough for the system to detect a slow flying UAV. Thus, bistatic separation should be considered as a practical tool to reduce the masking effect. By processing clutter with an extended CLEAN algorithm, the correlation noise floor is further suppressed.
Two Equivalent Families of Linear Fully Coupled Forward Backward Stochastic Differential Equations
Authors: Liu Ruyi , Wu Zhen , Zhang Detao
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we investigate two families of fully coupled linear Forward-Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (FBSDEs) and its applications to optimal Linear Quadratic (LQ) problems. Within these families, one could get same well-posedness of FBSDEs with totally different coefficients. A family of FBSDEs is proved to be equivalent with respect to the Unified Approach. Thus one could get well-posedness of whole family once a member exists a unique solution. Another equivalent family of FBSDEs are investigated by introducing a linear transformation method. Owing to the coupling structure between forward and backward equations, it leads to a highly interdependence in solutions. We are able to decouple FBSDEs into partial coupling, by virtue of linear transformation, without losing the existence and uniqueness to solutions. Moreover, owing to non-degeneracy of transformation matrix, the solution to original FBSDEs is totally determined by solutions of FBSDEs after transformation. In addition, an example of optimal LQ problem is presented to illustrate.
Z-trapezoidal risk assessment for multi-objective Hazmat routing model with time windows
Authors: Zandieh Fatemeh , Ghannadpour Seyed Farid
Published: November 2022

Hazardous material (Hazmat) transportation is an inseparable section of the industry, despite its major financial and health risks. In order to optimize Hazmat transportation, a multi-objective Hazmat routing model with time windows is employed where the risk and distance are minimized. Due to the uncertainty of Hazmat transportation risk, a Z-number fuzzy approach is used to estimate the risk, in which the probability of occurrence and the severity is considered in the context of Z-information. The severity of the event includes the affected population and depends on the amount of transported Hazmat and the number of individuals affected by the explosion. To tackle the proposed model, the present paper utilizes a multi-objective hybrid genetic algorithm, the validity of which is tested by Solomon’s problems. Furthermore, the optimization of a case study concerning the Hazmat distribution in Iran is analyzed using the suggested approach to assess the efficiency of the proposed fuzzy problem in real-world applications.
Drogeninduzierte Psychosen
Authors: Pogarell Oliver , Koller Gabi , Adorjan Kristina
Published: November 2022

Substanzkonsumstörungen und Psychosen stehen häufig in einem
kausalen Zusammenhang. Dieser kann uni- oder bidirektional sein – oder
beide Störungen beruhen auf gemeinsamen ätiopathogenetischen
Faktoren. Substanzen wie Cannabinoide, Stimulanzien oder Halluzinogene scheinen
wichtige Ko-Faktoren für die Entwicklung einer (sekundären)
Psychose darzustellen. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die
Substanzgruppen, Diagnostik und Therapie.
Barmer-Report: Mehr Sicherheit in der Arzneimitteltherapie
Authors: Hollmig Luisa-Maria
Published: November 2022

Der diesjährige Arzneimittelreport der Barmer unterstreicht die Komplexität von Arzneimitteltherapie, die – so das Fazit – ohne digitale Hilfe nicht ausreichend sicher sein könne. Dabei können Routinedaten der Kasse Abhilfe schaffen.
Klinikunternehmen: Auf-/ Absteiger des Monats
Authors: Schmidt Hartmut
Published: November 2022

Börsenexperte Hartmut Schmidt analysiert für kma die Jahresabschlüsse ausgewählter Kliniken
Cloud-Dienste: „Demokratisierung der Technologie“
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: November 2022

Jens Dommel, Leiter des Healthcare-Bereichs EMEA bei Amazon Web Services (AWS), erläutert die technischen Möglichkeiten der Cloud-Nutzung im deutschen Gesundheitswesen.
Neuerungen in Photonen-Strahlentherapie: Den Tumor unter Kontrolle
Authors: Lang Michael
Published: November 2022

Mit einem MR-Linac sind die Ärzte in der Lage, einen Tumor während der eigentlichen Bestrahlung zu überwachen. Inzwischen gibt es bereits fünf dieser Großgeräte in Deutschland.
ANregiomed: Moderne Sterilgutversorgung läuft zentral
Authors: Sellinghoff Klaus
Published: November 2022

Die Gesundheitseinrichtungen des ANregiomed-Verbunds haben die Aufbereitung ihrer Medizinprodukte zentralisiert. Die notwendige Modernisierung konnte so zu geringeren Kosten realisiert werden. Die Zentralisierung erlaubt einen wirtschaftlicheren Betrieb und bietet weiteres Optimierungspotenzial für die Sterilgutversorgung.
Erfassung von Reinigungs- und Hygieneleistungen: Automatisierte Dokumentation erlaubt lückenlosen Leistungsnachweis
Authors: Ritter Herbert
Published: November 2022

Das verlangte Leistungspensum in der Gebäudereinigung macht es erforderlich, dass sich Reinigungskräfte auf das Wesentliche konzentrieren können: das Reinigen. Die Dokumentation von Reinigungsleistungen sowohl für den Kunden als auch für den Dienstleister selbst bleibt dennoch eine Notwendigkeit. Automatisierte Prozesse erlauben künftig, bisherige Lücken in der Erfassung von Leistungen zu schließen.
Robotik: Die vielseitige Pflegeassistentin
Authors: Kucera Martin
Published: November 2022

Die permanente Überlastung der Pflegekräfte im Krankenhaus ist eine der Ursachen für den sich immer weiter zuspitzenden Fachkräftemangel. Ein neuer multifunktionaler Roboter verspricht hier eine gezielte Entlastung. Seine Assistenzfunktionen wurden nach den Vorgaben von Pflegekräften entwickelt.
ÖVKT-Tagung 2022: Innovation ist eine Managementaufgabe
Authors: Thalmayr Maria
Published: November 2022

Innovation ist eine Managementaufgabe und sollte einer klaren Strategie folgen. Peter Granig setzte mit seinen Ausführungen zum schlüssig geplanten und realisierten Fortschritt eine inhaltliche Klammer um die zahlreichen Innovationsimpulse der diesjährigen ÖVKT-Tagung.
Electrodes and electrolytes: modeling their electrochemical interface
Authors: Piccone Ashley
Published: November 2022

MetalWalls simulations describe the microscopic structure of battery components with classical mechanics.
Improving stability in Na-ion batteries through vacancy substitution, doping
Authors: Piccone Ashley
Published: November 2022

Introducing vacancies and adding titanium to the transition metal layer suppresses phase changes, enables stable reactions
The quantum-to-classical graph homomorphism game
Authors: Brannan Michael , Ganesan Priyanga , Harris Samuel J.
Published: November 2022

Motivated by non-local games and quantum coloring problems, we introduce a graph homomorphism game between quantum graphs and classical graphs. This game is naturally cast as a “quantum–classical game,” that is, a non-local game of two players involving quantum questions and classical answers. This game generalizes the graph homomorphism game between classical graphs. We show that winning strategies in the various quantum models for the game is an analog of the notion of non-commutative graph homomorphisms due to Stahlke [IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 62(1), 554–577 (2016)]. Moreover, we present a game algebra in this context that generalizes the game algebra for graph homomorphisms given by Helton et al. [New York J. Math. 25, 328–361 (2019)]. We also demonstrate explicit quantum colorings of all quantum complete graphs, yielding the surprising fact that the algebra of the four coloring game for a quantum graph is always non-trivial, extending a result of Helton et al. [New York J. Math. 25, 328–361 (2019)].
SIC-POVMs from Stark units: Prime dimensions n2 + 3
Authors: Appleby Marcus , Bengtsson Ingemar , Grassl Markus , Harrison Michael , McConnell Gary
Published: November 2022

We propose a recipe for constructing a fiducial vector for a symmetric informationally complete positive operator valued measure (SIC-POVM) in a complex Hilbert space of dimension of the form d = n2 + 3, focusing on prime dimensions d = p. Such structures are shown to exist in 13 prime dimensions of this kind, the highest being p = 19 603. The real quadratic base field K (in the standard SIC-POVM terminology) attached to such dimensions has fundamental units uK of norm −1. Let ZK denote the ring of integers of K; then, pZK splits into two ideals: p and p′. The initial entry of the fiducial is the square ξ2 of a geometric scaling factor ξ, which lies in one of the fields K(uK). Strikingly, each of the other p − 1 entries of the fiducial vector is a product of ξ and the square root of a Stark unit. These Stark units are obtained via the Stark conjectures from the value at s = 0 of the first derivatives of partial L-functions attached to the characters of the ray class group of ZK with modulus p∞1, where ∞1 is one of the real places of K.
Structure and electronic properties of domain walls and stacking fault defects in prospective photoferroic materials bournonite and enargite
Authors: Rigby O. M. , Richards-Hlabangana T. , Ramasse Q. M. , MacLaren I. , Lomas-Zapata R. A. , Rumsey M. S. , McKenna K. P. , Mendis B. G.
Published: November 2022

Bournonite (CuPbSbS3) and enargite (Cu3AsS4) have recently been used as absorber layers in thin-film photovoltaic devices due to their ideal bandgap and ferroelectric properties. An understanding of the ferroelectric domain structure in these materials is required so that the benefits of the internal depolarizing electric fields can be fully exploited. Here, the atomic structure and electronic properties of domain walls (DWs) are elucidated through a combined aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and density functional theory study. ∼90° and 180° DWs are observed in bournonite. As the 180° DW is charge neutral, it cannot contribute to the anomalous photovoltaic effect that leads to high open circuit voltages. The ∼90° DW shows a slight offset across the boundary, but the contributions of this to the anomalous photovoltaic effect are negligible. The DWs are also electrically passive, i.e., they do not result in significant recombination and do not block charge carrier transport. A high density of stacking faults (SF) was, however, observed in enargite. The SFs have a large number of defect states within the bandgap, which would lower the device efficiency through Shockley–Read–Hall recombination.
Antiferromagnetic chromium thin films as piezoresistive sensor materials
Authors: Schwebke S. , Schultes G.
Published: November 2022

Sputter-deposited thin films of pure chromium and of chromium with small amounts of nitrogen are characterized regarding their electrical resistivity and strain dependence, i.e., piezoresistivity. They show a temperature dependent piezoresistive effect with gauge factors ranging approximately from 10 to 20. Related to this effect, they exhibit signs of a paramagnetic–antiferromagnetic transition at temperatures of 420 K and higher. For characterization, resistivity is measured at different strain levels: in a bending setup with a fixed radius and in a four-point bending system with reference strain gauges. Several parameter series of the sputter deposition of pure Cr films show that the higher gauge factor is correlated to a higher temperature coefficient of resistivity (TCR). The addition of nitrogen extends the range of TCR toward negative values, with gauge factors still in the same range as pure Cr. A Cr–N strain gauge is characterized and shows a linear, low-hysteresis strain–resistivity effect as well as a relatively large transverse sensitivity. Resistivity and gauge factor of one Cr and one Cr–N sample are measured from room temperature up to 600 K. These films have a resistivity anomaly indicating an antiferromagnetic ordering temperature TN that is much higher than in bulk Cr. The gauge factor has a maximum near TN and falls to small values at higher temperatures. The results indicate that the piezoresistivity of Cr and Cr-rich films is coupled to their spin-density wave (SDW) antiferromagnetism. Since the SDW state is known to be tunable through alloying, internal stress, and crystallinity, it appears that piezoresistivity can be influenced by these parameters as well.
Optimal form of the Kretschmann–Schlingemann–Werner theorem for energy-constrained quantum channels and operations
Authors: Shirokov M. E.
Published: November 2022

It is proved that the energy-constrained Bures distance between arbitrary infinite-dimensional quantum channels is equal to the operator E-norm distance from any given Stinespring isometry of one channel to the set of all Stinespring isometries of another channel with the same environment. The same result is shown to be valid for arbitrary quantum operations.
Numerical simulations of the effects of radiofrequency cables on the single-frequency capacitively coupled plasma
Authors: Chen Zili , Xu Jingwen , Yu Shimin , Wu Hao , Huang Xiaojiang , Wang Zhijiang , Guo Lianbo , Jiang Wei , Zhang Ya
Published: November 2022

Radiofrequency (RF) coaxial cables are one of the vital components for the power sources of capacitively coupled plasmas (CCPs), by which the RF power is transferred to excite the plasma. Usually, the cables can be treated as transmission lines (TLs). However, few studies of TLs in CCP power sources were conducted due to the nonlinear coupling between TLs and the plasma. In this work, we developed a numerical scheme of TLs based on the Lax–Wendroff method and realized the nonlinear bidirectional coupling among the lumped-element model, transmission line model, and electrostatic particle-in-cell model. Based on the combined model, three discharge patterns were found, including weak matching state, normal state, and over matching state. The great differences among the three patterns indicated that the TLs could change the impedance matching of the device and significantly affect the plasma properties.
Piezoelectric composites from sandwiched polydimethylsiloxane sponges
Authors: Hu Hang , Li Dongsheng , Zhu Weijun
Published: November 2022

A novel elastomer-based composite material with enhanced piezoelectric performances is proposed in this paper, which is composed of the top and bottom polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) solid films with the middle PTFE nanoparticle–polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sponge layer. To enhance the charge retention capability of elastomers, PTFE nanoparticles are introduced to form PTFE–PDMS interfaces, which can trap charges with longevity. Besides, PTFE solid films take on the role of the charge blocking layers to further improve the piezoelectric performances. As a result, the PTFE–PDMS sandwich structure shows the advantages of remarkable sensitivity (1053 pC/N), high stability, and flexibility. After a 6 h of annealing treatment at the temperature of 100 °C, no significant deterioration of the piezoelectric properties can be observed, which reveals the great thermal stability of the sandwich structure. In addition, the sandwich structure can be immersed in water for 24 h without any loss of piezoelectric activity. Finally, the experiment of lighting one LED by hand pressing successfully demonstrates that the sandwich structure has good applicability in the field of energy harvesting. Considering the excellent electrical and mechanical features, the PTFE–PDMS sandwich structure has promising applications in sensing, energy harvesting, and actuation.
Low-temperature-processable amorphous-oxide-semiconductor-based phosphors for durable light-emitting diodes
Authors: Ide Keisuke , Watanabe Naoto , Katase Takayoshi , Sasase Masato , Kim Junghwan , Ueda Shigenori , Horiba Koji , Kumigashira Hiroshi , Hiramatsu Hidenori , Hosono Hideo , Kamiya Toshio
Published: November 2022

In this study, we fabricated light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on glass substrates at a maximum process temperature of 200 °C using amorphous oxide semiconductor (AOS) materials as emission layers. Amorphous gallium oxide films doped with rare-earth elements (Eu, Pr, and Tb) were employed as AOS emission layers, and the LEDs emitted clear red, green, and pink luminescence upon direct-current application even in the ambient environment. Resonance photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the difference in the electronic structure of the films for each rare-earth dopant, suggesting different emission mechanisms, viz., electron–hole recombination and impact excitation. Although it is widely believed that amorphous materials are unsuitable for use as emission layers of LEDs because of their high concentrations of mid-gap states and defects, the developed rare-earth-doped AOS materials show good performance as emission layers. This study provides opportunities for the advancement of flexible display technologies operating in harsh environments.