bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seizure Forecasting Using Long-Term Electroencephalography and Electrocardiogram Data
Authors: Xiong Wenjuan , Nurse Ewan S. , Lambert Elisabeth , Cook Mark J. , Kameneva Tatiana
Published: July 2021

Electroencephalography (EEG) has been used to forecast seizures with varying success. There is an increasing interest to use electrocardiogram (ECG) to help with seizure forecasting. The neural and cardiovascular systems may exhibit critical slowing, which is measured by an increase in variance and autocorrelation of the system, when change from a normal state to an ictal state. To forecast seizures, the variance and autocorrelation of long-term continuous EEG and ECG data from 16 patients were used for analysis. The average period of recordings was 161.9 h, with an average of 9 electrographic seizures in an individual patient. The relationship between seizure onset times and phases of variance and autocorrelation in EEG and ECG data was investigated. The results of forecasting models using critical slowing features, seizure circadian features, and combined critical slowing and circadian features were compared using the receiver-operating characteristic curve. The results demonstrated that the best forecaster was patient-specific and the average area under the curve (AUC) of the best forecaster across patients was 0.68. In 50% of patients, circadian forecasters had the best performance. Critical slowing forecaster performed best in 19% of patients. Combined forecaster achieved the best performance in 31% of patients. The results of this study may help to advance the field of seizure forecasting and lead to the improved quality of life of people who suffer from epilepsy.
Obstructions to the existence of compact Clifford–Klein forms for tangential symmetric spaces
Authors: Tojo Koichi
Published: July 2021

For a homogeneous space [Formula: see text] of reductive type, we consider the tangential homogeneous space [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we give obstructions to the existence of compact Clifford–Klein forms for such tangential symmetric spaces and obtain new tangential symmetric spaces which do not admit compact Clifford–Klein forms. As a result, in the class of irreducible classical semisimple symmetric spaces, we have only two types of symmetric spaces which are not proved not to admit compact Clifford–Klein forms. The existence problem of compact Clifford–Klein forms for homogeneous spaces of reductive type, which was initiated by Kobayashi in 1980s, has been studied by various methods but is not completely solved yet. On the other hand, the one for tangential homogeneous spaces has been studied since 2000s and an analogous criterion was proved by Kobayashi and Yoshino. In concrete examples, further works are needed to verify Kobayashi–Yoshino’s condition by direct calculations. In this paper, some easy-to-check necessary conditions ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]obstructions) for the existence of compact quotients in the tangential setting are given, and they are applied to the case of symmetric spaces. The conditions are related to various fields of mathematics such as associated pair of symmetric space, Calabi–Markus phenomenon, trivializability of vector bundle (parallelizability, Pontrjagin class), Hurwitz–Radon number and Pfister’s theorem (the existence problem of common zero points of polynomials of odd degree).
On second non-HLC degree of closed symplectic manifold
Authors: Huang Teng
Published: July 2021

In this note, we show that for a closed almost-Kähler manifold [Formula: see text] with the almost complex structure [Formula: see text] satisfies [Formula: see text] the space of de Rham harmonic forms is contained in the space of symplectic-Bott–Chern harmonic forms. In particular, suppose that [Formula: see text] is four-dimensional, if the self-dual Betti number [Formula: see text], then we prove that the second non-HLC degree measures the gap between the de Rham and the symplectic-Bott–Chern harmonic forms.
Gradient estimate for the forward conjugate heat equation of forms under the Ricci flow
Authors: Zhang Liangdi
Published: July 2021

We establish bounds for the gradient of solutions to the forward conjugate heat equation of differential forms on a Riemannian manifold with the metric evolves under the Ricci flow.
On a class of projective Ricci curvature of Finsler metrics
Authors: Zhu Hongmei
Published: July 2021

In Finsler geometry, the projective Ricci curvature is an important projective invariant. In this paper, we investigate the projective Ricci curvature of a class of general [Formula: see text]-metrics satisfying a certain condition, which is invariant under the change of volume form. Moreover, we construct a class of new nontrivial examples on such Finsler metrics.
THE INTERDEPENDENCY OF UNCERTAINTIES IN ASEAN + 3 AND G6 ECONOMIES
Authors: ANGLINGKUSUMO REZA , IYKE BERNARD NJINDAN
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we empirically examine the interdependency of uncertainties among ASEAN +3 countries as well as between these countries and the G6 countries. We collect the uncertainty data from the new World Uncertainty Index (WUI) database. The WUI captures uncertainty related to economic and political events in a country. We show that ASEAN + 3 countries as a group are weakly interdependent, in terms of the long-run relationships of uncertainties within the group. We demonstrate that, in the absence of outside influence, i.e., uncertainty shocks emanating from the G6, the [Formula: see text] and ASEAN countries are two independent group of countries with the former having its own dynamics and the latter neither affecting nor being affected by the former. We further demonstrate that outside influence strongly affects China but not the other [Formula: see text] and ASEAN countries. These findings survive robustness checks and suggest that the ASEAN + 3, as a region, may provide long-term diversification benefits to global investors and that the strengthening of the ASEAN + 3 regional cooperation framework may further buttress confidence in this region.
STORE PROMOTION, MANUFACTURER COMPETITION AND WELFARE
Authors: WANG HAO , YIN XUNDONG , OUYANG ALICE Y.
Published: July 2021

This study evaluates the partial exclusion effects of store promotion. We find that a manufacturer with a better brand name has a higher willingness-to-pay for promotion services offered by retail stores or online platforms. The promotion results in higher sales-weighted average prices (wholesale and retail) and a larger inter-brand price gap. The stores or platforms extract more profits from manufacturers and consumers through the promotion services. The effects on consumer surplus and social welfare depend on whether the promotion alters consumer preferences. If it does, more consumers would be choosing their less-preferred brands because of the larger inter-brand price gap, which would be socially inefficient. If it does not, the promotion may help to correct the price distortion, but the social welfare effect is positive only when the promotion effect is small enough. In both cases, the promotion services reduce the total consumer surplus by softening inter-brand competition.
A study on the estimations of (n,t) reaction cross-sections at 14.5 MeV by using artificial neural network
Authors: Özdoğan Hasan , Üncü Yiğit Ali , Şekerci Mert , Kaplan Abdullah
Published: July 2021

In this paper, calculations of the [Formula: see text] reaction cross-sections at 14.5 MeV have been presented by utilizing artificial neural network algorithms (ANNs). The systematics are based on the account for the non-equilibrium reaction mechanism and the corresponding analytical formulas of the pre-equilibrium exciton model. Experimental results, obtained from the EXFOR database, have been used to train the ANN with the Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) algorithm which is a feed-forward algorithm and is considered one of the well-known and most effective methods in neural networks. The Regression [Formula: see text] values for the ANN estimation have been determined as 0.9998, 0.9927 and 0.9895 for training, testing and for all process. The [Formula: see text] reaction cross-sections have been reproduced with the TALYS 1.95 and the EMPIRE 3.2 codes. In summary, it has been demonstrated that the ANN algorithms can be used to calculate the [Formula: see text] reaction cross-section with the semi-empirical systematics.
Design study of CEPC lower emittance booster
Authors: Wang Dou , Peng Yuemei , Cui Xiaohao , Ji Daheng , Liu Yudong , Yu Chenghui
Published: July 2021

The CEPC booster needs to provide electron and positron beams to the collider at different energy with required injection efficiency. At Higgs energy, only the on-axis injection from booster to collider can be fulfilled in CDR. With a consideration of keeping the off-axis injection scheme for safety and reliability, a new booster design based on TME lattice is considered to reduce the emittance by three times after CDR. The new booster design has reached an emittance of 1.3 nm at 120 GeV and the DA without errors is even better than CDR. The geometry of new booster is designed carefully in order to share the same tunnel with collider. The design status of CEPC new booster including parameters, optics, dynamic aperture and geometry is discussed in this paper.
The stability of dendritic growth in a binary alloy melt with buoyancy effect
Authors: Chen M. W. , Yang C. M. , Zheng G. J. , Wang B. , Shi Cailin , Qian P. , Chen X. H. , Wang Z. D.
Published: July 2021

On the basis of Xu’s interfacial wave theory, the stability of dendritic growth in a convective binary alloy melt with buoyancy effect is studied using the asymptotic method. The resulting asymptotic solution of equations reveals that the stability mechanism of dendritic growth in the binary alloy melt with buoyancy-driven convection is similar to that in a pure melt. Dendritic growth is stable above and unstable below a critical stability number [Formula: see text], which is determined by the quantization condition. In particular, there is a critical morphological number in the binary alloy melt. When the morphological number is less than the critical morphological number, the tip growth velocity increases, the tip curvature radius and oscillation frequency decrease, and the interface becomes thinner and smooth. When the morphological number is larger than the critical morphological number, the tip growth velocity decreases, the tip curvature radius and oscillation frequency increase, and the interface becomes fatter and rough. The result demonstrates that in a microgravity environment, there is a critical initial concentration such that below it thermal diffusion dominates, the tip growth velocity increases, the tip curvature radius and oscillation frequency decrease, and the interface becomes thinner and smooth; above it, solute diffusion dominates, the tip growth velocity decreases, the tip curvature radius and oscillation frequency increase, and the interface becomes fatter and rough.
A comparative study of MHD fluid-particle suspension induced by metachronal wave under the effects of lubricated walls
Authors: Nazeer Mubbashar , Hussain Farooq , Shabbir Laiba , Saleem Adila , Khan M. Ijaz , Malik M. Y. , Sun Tian-Chuan , Hussain A.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, the two-phase flow of non-Newtonian fluid is investigated. The main source of the flow is metachronal waves which are caused by the back and forth motion of cilia attached to the opposite walls of the channel. Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) of Casson fluid experience the effects of transverse magnetic fields incorporated with the slippery walls of the channel. Thermal effects are examined by taking Roseland’s approximation and application of thermal radiation into account. The heat transfer through the multiphase flow of non-Newtonian fluid is further, compared with Newtonian bi-phase flow. Since the main objective of the current study is to analyze heat transfer through an MHD multiphase flow of Casson fluid. The two-phase heated flow of non-Newtonian fluid is driven by cilia motion results in nonlinear and coupled differential equations which are transformed and subsequently, integrated subject to slip boundary conditions. A closed-form solution is eventually obtained form that effectively describes the flow dynamics of multiphase flow. A comprehensive parametric study is carried out which highlights the significant contribution of pertinent parameters of the heat transfer of Casson multiphase flow. It is inferred that lubricated walls and magnetic fields hamper the movement of multiphase flow. It is noted that a sufficient amount of additional thermal energy moves into the system, due to the Eckert number and Prandtl number. While thermal radiation acts differently by expunging the heat transfer. Moreover, Casson multiphase flow is a more suitable source of heat transfer than Newtonian multiphase flow.
Structure and magnetic characterization of Sr-doped BiFeO3 prepared by sol–gel method
Authors: Chen Haiwen , Hu Shengli , Zhang Ge , Jiang Zhengming , Mo JiaJun , Liu Min
Published: July 2021

Multiferroic nanocrystalline Bi[Formula: see text]Sr[Formula: see text]FeO3 ([Formula: see text], 0.05, 0.1) samples were synthesized using the sol–gel method and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy and SQUID system. The small-angle X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the sample underwent phase transition from rhombohedral to pseudo-cubic structure with the enhancement of Sr content. In addition, impurity peaks gradually diminished, indicating that content of impurities of samples reduced. Furthermore, it can be determined that there is only Fe[Formula: see text] in all the samples and impurity phase that existed in the samples was Bi[Formula: see text]FeO[Formula: see text] by fitting Mössbauer spectra. It is further confirmed that Bi[Formula: see text] Sr[Formula: see text]FeO3 samples were generated by oxygen vacancy equilibrium valence state when Sr[Formula: see text] ions replaced Bi[Formula: see text] ions. The change of quadrupole splitting indicated that a low concentration of Sr[Formula: see text] ions diffused homogeneously in the sample. Magnetization measurement showed that the magnetization of the sample increased gradually with the substitution of Bi[Formula: see text] by nonequivalent Sr[Formula: see text] ions, which can be ascribed to the decrease of grain size and the increase of oxygen vacancy and specific surface in the samples.
Elucidating the influence of anchoring geometry on the electronic transport of carbon-atom chains
Authors: Chen Zhi , Cao Jun , Zhang Yichao , Zhong Rong
Published: July 2021

In this work, the transport properties of carbon atom chains sandwiched between Au (100) nanoelectrodes with different anchored structures have been studied using a combination of first principles and nonequilibrium Green’s function. The results show that the transport properties of the carbon chain are not only related to the chain length and the number of C atoms (odd/even), but also related to the anchoring structure of nanoelectrodes. For the same chain length and bias voltage, the current of the H–H model is about three times that of the T–T model due to more charge transfer. Meanwhile, it was also found that the C atom in contact with the electrode has a large amount of charge transfer, which provides an effective way for the electronic doping of semiconductor devices. These findings can provide theoretical support for the design of molecular devices based on the C-chain.
Electron–electron scattering rate in CdTe/CdMnTe single quantum well
Authors: Jia Zhaosai , Wang Hailong , Ma Chuanhe , Cao Xin , Gong Qian
Published: July 2021

CdMnTe is demonstrated to be a good candidate in the X-ray and [Formula: see text]-ray detector application, however, there are few reports on theoretical analysis of electron scattering rate in CdMnTe quantum well. Within the framework of effective mass approximation and envelope function approximation, the influence of the Mn alloy composition ([Formula: see text], the well width ([Formula: see text], the electron temperature ([Formula: see text] and the electron density ([Formula: see text] on the electron–electron scattering rate (1/[Formula: see text] in the CdTe/Cd[Formula: see text]Mn[Formula: see text]Te single quantum well (SQW), are simulated by shooting method and Fermi’s Golden Rule. The results show that 1/[Formula: see text] is significant inverse proportional to [Formula: see text], but positively proportional to [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Except for a small peak at 20 K, 1/[Formula: see text] is not sensitive to [Formula: see text]. The above differential dependency of 1/[Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] can be interpreted by sub-band separation ([Formula: see text], which is proportional to [Formula: see text] but inversely proportional to [Formula: see text]. When [Formula: see text] decreases gradually, the electron transition becomes easier, which leads to 1/[Formula: see text] increases. The dependency of 1/[Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text] can be interpreted by kinetic energy of electrons. The larger the electron kinetic energy is, the more difficult the electron transition from first excited state to ground state is, which leads to 1/[Formula: see text] decreasing. The dependency of 1/[Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text] can be interpreted by the Coulomb interaction between electrons, i.e., the increase of electron collision probability caused by the increase of [Formula: see text].
SSC-GAN: A Novel GAN Based on the Same Solution Constraints of First-Order ODEs
Authors: Chen Hongyou , Chen Fan , He Hongjie
Published: July 2021

Generative adversarial network (GAN) is the most important natural image synthesis method, and one of GAN major challenges is the adversarial learning stability. Usually, GAN directly optimizes a single divergence via the two-player zero-sum game of generator and discriminator. Because the parameter updating of generator and discriminator is complex and changeable, directly optimizing the single divergence is easy to fall into local optimal solution, which affects the adversarial learning stability. To improve the adversarial learning stability and convergence accuracy, the same solution constraints GAN (SSC-GAN) is proposed. In this novel GAN, a first-order ordinary differential equation (ODE) is constructed by training set probability density function, which is the same solution problem of GAN optimization problem, and its constraint conditions are given to ensure the existence and uniqueness of the ODE solution. These constraints are used to guide the GAN parameter updating to improve the adversarial learning stability, thereby getting better training effects. In CELEBA and CIFAR10, the experimental results show that the novel GAN is better than the classic GAN models. In CELEBA, CIFAR10 and LSUN-BEDROOM, the proposed SSC-GAN is also better than two state-of-the-art GAN models, SAGAN and SNGAN.
A generalized form of the Raychaudhuri equation
Authors: Bhattacharyya Indranath , Ray Saibal
Published: July 2021

In this work, we have attempted to generalize the Raychaudhuri equation by using the concept of foliation of spacetime. Some studies are performed with a few special cases and their physical implication are discussed.
Fermat’s principle in constant gravitational field
Authors: Gonera Joanna , Kosiński Piotr , Piwnik Joanna
Published: July 2021

Recently (Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 27 (2018) 1847025) an interesting property of closed light rings in Kerr black holes has been noticed. We explain its origin and derive a slightly more general result.
Reliability of Congestion Control Based on Packet Transmission Interval with Hybrid ARQ
Authors: Kimura Mitsutaka , Imaizumi Mitsuhiro , Araki Takahito
Published: July 2021

Code error correction methods have been important techniques at a radio environment and video stream transmission. In general, when a server transmits some data packets to a client, the server resends the only loss packets. But in this method, a delay occurs in a transmission. In order to prevent the transmission delay, the loss packets are restored by the error correction packet on a client side. The code error correction method is called Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) and has been researched. On the other hand, congestion control schemes have been important techniques at a data communication. Some packet losses are generated by network congestion. In order to prevent some packet losses, the congestion control performs by prolonging packet transmission intervals, which is called High-performance and Flexible Protocol (HpFP). In this paper, we present a stochastic model of congestion control based on packet transmission interval with Hybrid ARQ for data transmission. That is, if the packet loss occurs, the data packet received in error is restored by the error correction packet. Moreover, if errors occur in data packets, the congestion control performs by prolonging packet transmission intervals. The mean time until packet transmissions succeed is derived analytically, and a window size which maximizes the quantity of packets per unit of time until the transmission succeeds is discussed.
A Hierarchical Bayes Analysis and Comparison of PH Weibull and PH Exponential Models for One-Shot Device Testing Experiment
Authors: Sharma Reema , Srivastava Richa , Upadhyay Satyanshu K.
Published: July 2021

The one-shot devices are highly reliable and, therefore, accelerated life tests are often employed to perform the experiments on such devices. Obviously, in the process, some covariates are introduced. This paper considers the proportional hazards model to observe the effect of covariates on the failure rates under the assumption of two commonly used models, namely the exponential and the Weibull for the lifetimes. The Bayes implementation is proposed using the hybridization of Gibbs and Metropolis algorithms that routinely extend to missing data situations as well. The entertained models are compared using the Bayesian and deviance information criteria and the expected posterior predictive loss criterion. Finally, the results based on two real data examples are given as an illustration.
Multi-component dense plasma with ion and super-thermal electrons with kappa distribution
Authors: Gharaati Abdolrasoul , Mohammadi Mandana , Rejaei Leila
Published: July 2021

The soliton waves are one of the nonlinear phenomena which can propagate in the different types of plasma such as multiple particles of plasma, nonthermal plasma, and space plasma. Using the Sagdeev potential technique, the stability conditions of the soliton waves in the nonthermal plasma have been theoretically studied. One of the significant factors that can affect the propagation of the soliton waves is the distribution function such as nonMaxwellian distribution function or Kappa distribution function. In this paper, we try to investigate the soliton wave in the unmagnetized multi-component plasma consisting of the nonthermal electron and the nonthermal ion, positron and dust with Kappa distribution function. Then by using the Sagdeev potential, the nonlinear equation for the potential is obtained and then the compression and rarefaction soliton waves are computed with the numerical method for this nonlinear wave. Finally, by imposing the Sagdeev potential condition, we discuss the stability of these soliton waves.
Solitons in fiber Bragg gratings with cubic–quartic dispersive reflectivity having Kerr law of nonlinear refractive index
Authors: Zayed Elsayed M. E. , Alngar Mohamed E. M. , Biswas Anjan , Ekici Mehmet , Alzahrani Abdullah Khamis , Belic Milivoj R.
Published: July 2021

This paper retrieves soliton solutions to fiber Bragg ratings with dispersive reflectivity where cubic–quartic dispersive effects are considered as opposed to the usual chromatic dispersion. The auxiliary equation approach and an addendum to Kudryashov’s scheme display a complete spectrum of soliton forms to the model that is studied with Kerr effect.
Enhancing Speech Quality Using Artificial Bandwidth Expansion with Deep Shallow Convolution Neural Network Framework
Authors: Radha N. , Jananie R. B. , Silviya A. Anto
Published: July 2021

Speech processing is an important application area of digital signal processing that helps examine and analyze the speech signal. In this processing, speech enhancement is an essential factor because it improves the quality of the signal that helps resolve the communication challenges. Different speech enhancement algorithms are utilized in the research field, but limited processing capabilities, maximum microphone distance, and voice-first I.O. interfaces create the computation complexity. In this paper, speech enhancement is done in two steps. In an initial step, spectral subtraction method is applied to LJ Speech dataset. In the first stage, noise spectrum is estimated during pauses and it is subtracted from the noisy speech signal to obtain the clean speech signal. However, spectral subtraction method still introduces artificial noise and narrow-band noise in the spectrum. Hence, artificial bandwidth expansion with a deep shallow convolution neural network (ABE-DSCNN) is implemented as a second stage in the paper. Further, developed system is compared with conventional enhancement approaches such as deep learning network (DNN), neural beam forming (NB) and generative adversarial network (GAN). The experimental results show that an ABS-DSCNN provides 4% increase of PSEQ and error rate improved by 40% to 56% with respect to the other existing algorithms for 1000 speech samples. Hence, the paper concludes that ABE-DSCNN approach effectively improves the speech quality.
FETAL TYPE CLASSIFICATION BASED ON FETAL ELECTROCARDIOGRAPH IN NON-STRESS TESTS
Authors: LIU JIANLI , YANG YIMIN , ZHANG SONG , LI XUWEN , YANG LIN , HAO DONGMEI
Published: July 2021

Electronic fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring is a technical means to evaluate the state of the fetus in the uterus by monitoring FHR. The main purpose is to detect intrauterine hypoxia and take corresponding medical measures timely. Because the fetus sleeps quietly for up to 1 hour sometimes, ultrasound Doppler is not easy to continuously detect for a long time. The electronic fetal monitor obtains the fetal heart rate, which not only improves the accuracy and comfort, but also the convenient implementation of long-term monitoring. It is beneficial to reduce perinatal fetal morbidity and mortality. This study used maternal–fetal Holter monitor which is based on the technology of fetal electrocardiograph (FECG) to collect the FHR, and then design algorithm to extract the baseline FHR, acceleration, variation, sleep-wake cycle and nonlinear parameters. There were significant differences in the 22 parameters between the normal and the suspicious group. Using the 22 characteristic parameters, the support vector machine was used to classify the normal and the suspected group of fetuses. 80% of the data was used to train a classification model. The remaining 20% of the data was used as a test set and its accuracy reached 93.75%.
Two Efficient Time-Marching Explicit Procedures Considering Spatially/Temporally-Defined Adaptive Time-Integrators
Authors: Soares Delfim
Published: July 2021

In this paper, two explicit time-marching techniques are discussed for the solution of hyperbolic models, which are based on adaptively computed parameters. In both these techniques, time integrators are locally and automatically evaluated, taking into account the properties of the spatially/temporally discretized model and the evolution of the computed responses. Thus, very versatile solution techniques are enabled, which allows computing highly accurate responses. Here, the so-called adaptive [Formula: see text] method is formulated based on the elements of the adopted spatial discretization (elemental formulation), whereas the so-called adaptive [Formula: see text] method is formulated based on the degrees of freedom of the discretized model (nodal formulation). In this context, each adaptive procedure can be better applied according to the specific features of the focused spatial discretization technique. At the end of the paper, numerical results are presented, illustrating the excellent performance of the discussed adaptive formulations.
A geometrical model for the evolution of spherical planetary nebulae based on thin-shell formalism
Authors: Gullu Ibrahim , Mazharimousavi S. Habib , Forghani S. Danial
Published: July 2021

A spherical planetary nebula is described as a geometric model. The nebula itself is considered as a thin-shell, which is visualized as a boundary of two spacetimes. The inner and outer curvature tensors of the thin-shell are found in order to get an expression of the energy-momentum tensor on the thin-shell. The energy density and pressure expressions are derived using the energy-momentum tensor. The time evolution of the radius of the thin-shell is obtained in terms of the energy density. The model is tested by using a simple power function for decreasing energy density and the evolution pattern of the planetary nebula is attained.
DEVELOPMENT OF A UPL PROBE-BASED REAL-TIME PCR ASSAY OF PORCINE DELTACORONAVIRUS IN TAIWAN
Authors: Lin Chao-Nan , Chiou Ming-Tang , Hsueh Fu-Chun , Lin Wei-Hao , Lin Chuen-Fu , Yang Cheng-Yao , Wei Shara Png Si
Published: July 2021

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) causes clinical symptoms characterized by severe diarrhea and vomiting in neonatal piglets and pregnant sows, which is similar to those resulted from transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (TGEV) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Since PEDV was considered as the dominant enteric virus all round the world, PDCoV has been unwittingly overlooked due to its indistinguishable clinical signs with other porcine coronaviruses and relatively low death rates in the pig farm. Specimens which have been previously performed for the detection of PEDV in Animal Disease and Diagnostic Center, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology (NPUST) from January 5, 2015 to January 11, 2016 were examined by a novel universal probe library (UPL) probe-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 527 clinical specimens from pigs with diarrhea suspected were examined for PDCoV. Positive rates of PDCoV in small intestine and rectal swab were 4.3% (13/305) and 1.8% (4/222), respectively. Collectively, as to the total specimens, the detection rate is 3.2% (17/527). Our results provide development of a UPL probe-based real-time PCR assay and retrospective investigation of potentially circulating PDCoVs in the field in the whole 2015 and early 2016.
Optimal control application to a Kaposi’s sarcoma treatment model
Authors: Chimbola Obias M. , Lungu Edward M. , Szomolay Barbara
Published: July 2021

Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a malignant disorder of lymphatic endothelial origin that can have two main variants: AIDS-related KS (AKS) and non-AIDS related KS (NAKS) that all share a causal relationship with the human herpesvirus-8 (KSHV or HHV-8). We develop a mathematical model that accounts for B-cells latently and lytically infected with HHV-8 as well as the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. As a sequel to numerous studies that have investigated the inhibition of HHV-8 endocytosis and reactivation of HHV-8 replication, we employ optimal control strategy to obtain treatment efficacies for these two therapeutic approaches. We have shown that when [Formula: see text] of the B-cell infections result in latency, administration of high efficacy drugs that inhibit entry and reactivation of latently infected B-cells leads to the clearance of KS as the population of infected cells cannot be sustained. Our results also reveal that at [Formula: see text] latency of B-cells, the therapy could produce similar results if the drug that targets viral entry is of moderate efficacy but the efficacy of the drug inhibiting reactivation is considerably more than [Formula: see text] Administration of the same drugs but both at moderate efficacy levels leads to the depletion of both uninfected B- and progenitor cells, a scenario which can lead to the growth of KS variants. When [Formula: see text] of the B-cell infections result in latency, administration with high efficacy drugs reduces the viral entry of HHV-8 but as [Formula: see text] of the infected B-cells are productive, this event leads to production of HHV-8 which ultimately results in more progenitor cells getting infected and the growth of KS. Our findings have the potential to offer more effective therapeutic approaches in the treatment of NAKS.
Patient Satisfaction in Shanghai Hospitals
Authors: Wu Yibo , Zhao Jingjing , Liang Yu , Qin Ziwei , Meng Jinyi , Xu Shuxian , Shi Huipeng , Wang Tao
Published: July 2021

The objective of this paper is to study patients’ satisfaction degree with the hospital, environment, medical service and staff in several hospitals in Shanghai. With the questionnaire survey method, two-dimensional code is set up in every department to investigate satisfaction degree of patients. The research data input, collection and analysis are used the tools of Excel and SPSS19.0. A total of 6144 questionnaires were obtained. Analysis of objective data shows that patients’ satisfaction degree with every department is 4.41 (3.05–4.92). And subjective data analysis shows that patients’ satisfaction degree with facial faculties, surgery, internal medicine, outpatient department, infusion room, general practice, emergency treatment, pharmacy department, neurology, rehabilitation department, traditional Chinese medicine department, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology department, health service station and the others is as follows: 0.75, 0.28, 0.22, [Formula: see text]0.09, 0.32, 1.00, [Formula: see text]0.12, [Formula: see text]0.14, 0.63, 1.00, 0.60, [Formula: see text]0.09, 0.33, 1.00, 0.14. And patients’ satisfaction degree with service, environmental, convenience, medicine, order, administrative management, logistic service and time is as follows: 0.84, 0.91, 0.17, 0.91, [Formula: see text]0.16, 0.01, [Formula: see text]0.46, [Formula: see text]0.49. The difference of patients’ satisfaction degree between each department is related to patients’ special status, especially when treat is difficult and disease is severe. Because of different links with patients’ need, these factors have different influences on patients’ emotional tendencies. Hospitals should enhance patients’ satisfaction degree by optimizing resource allocation and department order, reducing waiting time, increasing visiting time, improving administration, attaching importance to logistics and intensifying infrastructure construction.
The Target Determination and the Mechanism of Action of Chiral-Antimalarial Drugs: A Docking Approach
Authors: Suhail Mohd.
Published: July 2021

Due to an undecided target and the prescription of chiral-aminoquinolines (chloroquine, primaquine and quinacrine) in the racemic form, the mechanism of action as well as the reason of causing side effects become unclear. Based on computationally evaluated literature data, the things determined theoretically were (i) the target of aminoquinolines during antimalarial activity, (ii) the mechanism of action of chiral-aminoquinolines and (iii) biologically active enantiomers of aminoquinolines. For the presented study, the enantiomeric binding affinities of aminoquinolines with all the targets claimed by other scientists were calculated, and then used in interpretation with the help of many investigations done/observed by others. The results were very interesting based on which, a new and acceptable mechanism of action of chiral-aminoquinolines during malaria curing step, is given for the first time. The current docking study not only resolves the questionable point about a definite target of aminoquinolines but also makes the mechanism of action understandable.
Classical and Bayesian Inference of Conditional Stress‐Strength Model under Kumaraswamy Distribution
Authors: Riad Fathy H. , Saber Mohammad Mehdi , Taghipour Mehrdad , El-Raouf M. M. Abd
Published: July 2021

Stress‐strength models have been frequently studied in recent years. An applicable extension of these models is conditional stress‐strength models. The maximum likelihood estimator of conditional stress‐strength models, asymptotic distribution of this estimator, and its confidence intervals are obtained for Kumaraswamy distribution. In addition, Bayesian estimation and bootstrap method are applied to the model.
GGE Biplot Analysis for Stability and Adaptability of Maize Hybrids in Western Region of Indonesia
Authors: Ruswandi Dedi , Syafii Muhammad , Maulana Haris , Ariyanti Mira , Indriani Nyimas Poppy , Yuwariah Yuyun
Published: July 2021

Hybrids that are stable or adaptable in a specific location for the western region of Indonesia are required to increase production of maize in Indonesia. The objectives of the study were (i) to select maize hybrids which are stable or adaptable in the western region of Indonesia and (ii) to determine the discriminant location for evaluating superior hybrids in the western region. Therefore, twelve maize hybrids were planted in different locations and seasons in the western region. Hybrids were selected based on GGE biplot analysis. The results showed that G9 and G10 were stable maize hybrids. G6 was the selected hybrid for the first megaenvironment; whereas, G3 was selected as the hybrid for the second megaenvironment. The L8 and L17 were the discriminant environment for evaluating hybrids in the western region of Indonesia. The high-yielding hybrids selected in this study should be broadly evaluated on-farm in order to disseminate for small holder farmers in Sumatera and Java islands.
A Model for Trend Analysis in the Online Shopping Scenario Using Multilevel Hesitation Pattern Mining
Authors: Dixit Abhishek , Tiwari Akhilesh , Gupta R. K.
Published: July 2021

The present paper proposes a new model for the exploration of hesitated patterns from multiple levels of conceptual hierarchy in the transactional dataset. The usual practice of mining patterns has focused on identifying frequent patterns (i.e., which occur together) in the transactional dataset but uncovers the vital information about the patterns which are almost frequent (but not exactly frequent) called “hesitated patterns.” The proposed model uses the reduced minimum support threshold (contains two values: attractiveness and hesitation) and constant minimum confidence threshold with the top-down progressive deepening approach for generating patterns and utilizing the apriori property. To validate the model, an online purchasing scenario of books through e-commerce-based online shopping platforms such as Amazon has been considered and shown that how the various factors contributed towards building hesitation to purchase a book at the time of purchasing. The present work suggests a novel way for deriving hesitated patterns from multiple levels in the conceptual hierarchy with respect to the target dataset. Moreover, it is observed that the concepts and theories available in the existing related work Lu and Ng (2007) are only focusing on the introductory aspect of vague set theory-based hesitation association rule mining, which is not useful for handling the patterns from multiple levels of granularity, while the proposed model is complete in nature and addresses the very significant and untouched problem of mining “multilevel hesitated patterns” and is certainly useful for exploring the hesitated patterns from multiple levels of granularity based on the considered hesitation status in a transactional dataset. These hesitated patterns can be further utilized by decision makers and business analysts to build the strategy on how to increase the attraction level of such hesitated items (appeared in a particular transaction/set of transactions in a given dataset) to convert their state from hesitated to preferred items.
UV Index for Public Health Awareness Based on OMI/NASA Satellite Data at King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Addas Abdullah , Ragab Mahmoud , Maghrabi Ahmad , Abo-Dahab S. M. , El-Nobi Eman F.
Published: July 2021

Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UV) is essential for good health and formation of vitamin D while overexposure poses a risk to public health. Therefore, it is important to provide information to the public about the level of solar UV radiation. The ultraviolet index (UVI) is used to help avoid the negative effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on humans and to optimize individual exposure. There is limited ground measurement of solar UV radiation, but satellite Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMIs) satellite products with a spatial resolution of

1

°

×

1

°

can be used to create UV index climatology at local noon time. In this study, we utilize OMI satellite products collected over the campus of King Abdulaziz University (KAU) (21.5° North and 39.1° East), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, to estimate changes in exposure to UV over a period of 15 years (2004-2020). The results indicate a significantly increasing trend in UV index over this period. Between 2004 and 2020, daily “extreme” UV (

UVI
>
11

, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO)) occurred on 46.60% of days. The frequency of low UVI (

UVI
<
2

) was only about 0.06%. These results imply dangerous exposure levels to solar UV radiation on the KAU campus and call for safety measures to increase awareness and decrease direct exposure; for example, by implementing the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) general guidelines.
SPMSM Sliding Mode Control Based on the New Super Twisting Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Lei , Bai Jing , Wu Jing
Published: July 2021

To achieve the high‐performance control of the surface‐mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) speed control system, this paper proposes a high‐order sliding mode control strategy based on a new super twisting algorithm (NSTA). This strategy introduces an adaptive term in its proportional term based on the original super twisting algorithm, which solves low reaching speed and poor antidisturbance ability due to the square root calculation of proportional term in the original super twisting algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy can effectively improve the system’s response speed and antidisturbance and greatly suppress the chattering phenomenon of traditional sliding mode control.
The Complexity of Technological Innovation Decision‐Making in Emerging Industries
Authors: Li Wenjing , Guo Xue , Cao Dan
Published: July 2021

It is well known that innovation‐driven emerging industries have gradually become the main driving force of global economic recovery and growth. Technological innovation decision‐making is a complex and dynamic system, which is affected by various factors inside and outside an enterprise. In this dynamic system, how to make the optimal technological innovation investment decisions is a key concern for enterprises and governments. As an investment activity, technological innovation largely depends on the amount of external financing obtained by enterprises. However, financial constraints have increasingly become an obstacle to enterprises’ technological innovation. At the same time, technological innovation is also affected by the external political and economic environment, such as changes in economic policy, government subsidy policies, and institutional environmental policies. Can these external environments reduce the negative impact of financing constraints on technological innovation? In this study, based on the data of listed companies in China’s strategic emerging industries, we adopt a panel negative binomial regression model to investigate the complexity of technological innovation decision‐making from the perspective of financing constraints. Our main findings include the following. First, financing constraints significantly inhibit the input and output of technological innovation in emerging industries. Second, the inhibition effect on the output of substantive innovations is more pronounced than that on the output of strategic innovations. Third, based on the analysis of enterprise heterogeneity in different dimensions, we show that this inhibition has a selective effect among different industries. Finally, we show that economic policy and marketization can help alleviate the inhibition effect of financing constraints on technological innovation.
Propagation of Transverse Wave for the Piezoelectric Radial Phononic Crystal Annular Plate in a Fibonacci Order
Authors: Liu Wei , Yu Guangbin
Published: July 2021

Based on the previous conventional phononic crystal (PC) structures infinitely periodic in Cartesian coordinates, this paper addresses a new radial phononic crystal annular plate (RPCAP) modeled in a Fibonacci order along the radial direction. In this study, piezoelectric material PZT4 is simultaneously inserted into this RPCAP model to investigate the stop band behaviors. In order to clearly show the transmission characteristics of transverse wave, in cylindrical coordinates, the transfer matrix is deduced through combining the general solutions, piezoelectric governing equations, and continuity conditions. Compared with conventional PC structures, transmission response of transverse vibration for the Fibonacci RPCAP model is calculated theoretically to analyze the stop band phenomenon. Finite element simulation method (FEM) is conducted here to verify the theoretical results. The results show that the Fibonacci RPCAP model presents two newly emerging resonance frequencies while the radial periodic order is disorganized. To thoroughly understand the RPCAP, the effects of structural parameters, material parameters, and piezoelectric parameters on the stop band are discussed in detail. The proposed Fibonacci RPCAP can be employed in many engineering applications, such as in rotating parts which are often coupled with transverse vibration (like gear driving systems).
A CSMA Mechanism with Variable Collision Control and Priority Provision in Multichannel Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Ding Hongwei , Li Mingliang , Zhang Jun
Published: July 2021

Toward making the conventional carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) protocol transmit and control mobile ad hoc network systems, as well as reducing energy consumption, an adaptive multichannel multipriority two-dimensional probability detection and 1-stick joint control strategy carrier sense multiple access with variable collision duration and three-way handshake mechanisms (iCSMA for short) is proposed. Based on the conventional two-slot model of the CSMA protocol, iCSMA introduces a concept of collision duration (b), which divides the system’s timeslot into the duration of successful packet transmission (1 + a), the duration of collision (b + a), and the duration of the idle state (a) of the system. By employing iCSMA, the loss of the system could be reduced with a fine-tuned collision duration (b), which leads to improved performance compared to the conventional 1P-persistent CSMA protocol. Furthermore, a three-way handshake mechanism is introduced for monitoring the entire network system at a minimal cost of throughput. Toward a higher channel utilization rate, a multichannel and multipriority function is employed in the implementation of multiservice communication for the system. Besides, with an adaptive mechanism, the transmission probabilities

p

1

and

p

2

are reasonably set so that the system will not produce a complete collision under the condition of high load, and the throughput can also be stabilized. Based on the battery model, the lifetime of the system nodes (T) is extended. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results confirm the accuracy of the theoretical derivation.