bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical profiling and cytotoxicity screening of agarwood essential oil (Aquilaria sinensis) in brine shrimp nauplii and cancer cell lines
Authors: Chan Sook Wah , Mahmoud Valizadeh Lakeh , Wang Xin , Teoh Ming-Li , Loh Kar Min , Ng Chun Howe , Wong Won Fen , Looi Chung Yeng
Published: November 2024

Agarwood essential oil (AEO) has gained attention from healthcare industries due to its numerous pharmacological properties. However, a comprehensive understanding of the chemical composition and its cytotoxic property is lacking. The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical profile as well as the cytotoxic concentration range of AEO derived from Aquilaria sinensis agarwood. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to identify the AEO components. Results showed that sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpenoids constitute 95.85% of the AEO. Among the major compounds identified are allo-aromadendrene (13.04%), dihydro-eudesmol (8.81%), α-eudesmol (8.48%), bulnesol (7.63%), τ-cadinol (4.95%), dehydrofukinone (3.83%), valerenol (3.54%), cis-nerolidol (2.75%), agarospirol (2.72%), dehydrojinkoh-eremol (2.53%), selina-3,11-dien-9-al (2.36%), guaiol (2.12%) and caryophyllene oxide (2.0%). The presence of volatile quality marker compounds such as 10-epi-ϒ-eudesmol, aromadendrane, β-agarofuran, α-agarofuran, γ-eudesmol, agarospirol and guaiol, with no contaminants detected, indicates that the extracted AEO is of high purity. Interestingly, the AEO displayed moderate to high toxicity in brine shrimp lethality test (BLST). All studied tumor cell lines (MDA-MB-231, HepG2, B16F10) exhibited varying degrees of sensitivity to AEO, which resulted in time and dose-dependent reduction of cell proliferation. Moreover, flow cytometry analysis revealed that AEO could induce apoptosis in treated HepG2 cells. Our findings showed that AEO contains bioactive components that may be exploited in future studies for the development of anti-cancer therapeutics.
Relationship between the surface and internal deformation features of toppling in anti-dip rock slopes
Authors: Zheng Guang , Zhang Mingyu , Chen Minghao , Liu Qi , Yang Jinning , Chen Jun , Lu Huiyan
Published: November 2024

Multiple researchers have effectively utilized InSAR for early identification research in southwest China. However, the intricate geological structure in this region includes deeply buried and unpredictable anti-dip stratiform rock slopes, posing an additional challenge for InSAR remote sensing. This study establishes a coupling relationship between slope topple deformation patterns and surface macro-deformation characteristics through a centrifuge model test, analyzing slope bending and topple deformation stages. The InSAR interpretation of prototype slopes is employed to retrospectively infer the slope stage and visualize the slope deformation process. This research provides technical assistance for identifying and preventing slope failures. The result demonstrates that: (1) The failure process of anti-dip stratiform rocky slope involves four major stages. Failures often begin at the slope’s base and move to the middle and top regions, eventually resulting in entire slope failure when the stepped fracture surface forms. (2) Experimental image recognition analysis was conducted to monitor the rate changes in the deep and surface layers, establishing a corresponding coupling relationship between them. Observations reveal that significant deformation areas exhibit a bottom-to-top development pattern. (3) A comparison of the InSAR interpretation results for the Zhayong deformation with the test conclusions reveals that the landslide was in the progressive deformation stage. In summary, this study provides valuable technical support for utilizing InSAR technology to identify and prevent slope failures in complex geological conditions.
Seroprevalence of viral hepatitis B and C infections among healthcare workers in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Girmay Getu , Bewket Gezahegn , Amare Azanaw , Angelo Abiy Ayele , Wondmagegn Yenesew Mihret , Setegn Abebaw , Wubete Menberu , Assefa Muluneh
Published: November 2024

Background

Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at higher risk of contracting hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. Currently, there is no estimate of pooled data on the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections among HCWs in the country. Thus, this review aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections among HCWs in Ethiopia.

Materials and methods

A comprehensive literature search was conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Hinari, and African Journals Online to identify pertinent articles from the inception to April 2024. The protocol has been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42024527940) and conducted per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data were extracted independently by two authors and analyzed using STATA version 11 software. A random-effect model and Egger’s test were computed to estimate the pooled prevalence and assess publication bias, respectively.

Results

A total of 18 studies involving4,948 healthcare workers were included in this review to estimate the pooled prevalence of HBV and HCV infections among HCWs in Ethiopia. The overall prevalence of HBV was 5.93% (95% CI; 3.22–8.63). The sub-group analysis showed that the prevalence of HBV among medical waste handlers and health professionals was8.6% (95% CI; 3.01–14.13) and 4.98% (95% CI; 1.85–8.11), respectively. The combined prevalence of HCV was 1.12% (95% CI; -4.19–6.43). In the sub-group analysis, the prevalence of HCV among medical waste handlers and health professionals was1.44% (95% CI; -5.28–8.18) and 0.59% (95% CI; -8.09–9.27), respectively.

Conclusion

In this review, we found a higher (5.93%) and moderate (1.12%) prevalence of HBV and HCV infections, respectively among Ethiopian HCWs. Therefore, to reduce the infectious burden of HBV and HCV among HCWs; there is a need to strict adherence to infection prevention and control measures. In addition, adequate HBV vaccination coverage for HCWs is mandatory to reduce the burden of HBV infection in the country.
PD-YOLO: A study of daily behavioural detection in housed sheep
Authors: Wang Jie , Zhai Yahong , Zhu Lan , Xu Longyan , Yuan Hongguang
Published: November 2024

Sheep behavior recognition helps to monitor the health status of sheep and prevent the outbreak of infectious diseases. Aiming at the problems of low detection accuracy and slow speed due to the crowding of sheep in real farming scenarios, which can easily obscure each other, this study proposes a lightweight sheep behavior recognition model based on the YOLOv8n model. First, the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) is introduced and improved in the YOLOv8n model, and the channel attention module and spatial attention module are changed from serial to parallel to construct a novel attention mechanism, PCBAM, to enhance the network’s attention to the sheep and eliminate redundant background information; second, the ordinary convolution in the backbone network is replaced with depth-separable convolution, which effectively reduces the number of parameters in the model and reduces the computational complexity. The study takes the housed breeding sheep as the test object, installs a camera diagonally above the sheep pen to collect images and makes a data set for testing, and in order to verify the superiority of the PD-YOLO model, compares it with a variety of target detection models. The experimental results show that the mean average precision (mAP) of the model proposed in this paper are 95.8%, 98.9%, and 96.2% for the three postures of sheep lying, feeding, and standing, respectively, which are 8.5%, 0.8%, and 0.8% higher than those of YOLOv8n, respectively, and the size of the model has been reduced by 13.3% and the amount of computation has been reduced by 12.1%. The inference speed reaches 52.1 FPS per second, which is better than other models in meeting the real-time detection requirement. To verify the practicality of this research method, the PD-YOLO model was deployed on the RK3399Pro development board for testing, and a high inference speed was achieved. It can provide effective technical support for sheep smart farming.
Swimsuits as uniforms: Bodily transformation, control and transgression
Authors: Hackett Lisa J. , Coghlan Jo
Published: November 2024

This article considers how national swimsuits are more than team garments worn at international events such as the Olympics. In their development and construction as well as the public contexts within which they are worn, swimsuits have a long history of transforming and controlling swimmers’ bodies and when the swimsuit fails to control or transform, the swimmer rather than the swimsuit is blamed for any transgressions. This article follows the development of the competitive swimsuit from the Victorian era, which required swimmers to fully cover their body, through to the mid-twentieth century when swimsuits revealed more and more of the body, before returning to full body racing swimsuits in the late twentieth century. For women, swimsuits have had a history of regulating their public bodies. For female competitive swimmers, national swimsuits have been particularly problematic because the design radically changed how their bodies looked when competing. Similarly, swimsuits for transgendered competitive swimmers overly focus on body image. In transforming and controlling the competitive swimmers’ bodies, and in punishing transgressions, it is argued that this impacts on the wearer’s identity and well-being.
Adopting, rejecting and moderating the academic uniform: How Finland arrived at its current approach to academic dress
Authors: Rowe Nicholas
Published: November 2024

In 1640, Finland’s first university was inaugurated, and while it issued bachelor degrees, the degrees of master (1643 >) and doctor (1781) were conferred as people were ‘promoted’ to the academy. The Finnish War saw Finland ceded to Imperial Russia in 1809, and class-centric uniformed approaches were taken to the academic dress of students, the academy-at-large and professors with civil appointments. In 1840, Finland formalized an approach to academic uniform that is still followed today but differs remarkably from the common ‘cap and gown’ graduation cultures seen elsewhere. With a general absence of graduation ceremonies, Finland preserves an ongoing tradition of tailcoats, laurel wreaths, master’s rings, doctoral top hats and doctoral swords. Yet Finland’s schools have no uniform, bachelor’s and master’s degree holders have no academic dress, and there are strict regulations that restrict the wearing of doctoral dress to university opening and conferral events, and doctoral examinations. Finland’s academic ‘uniform’ tells a tale of not only how the approach to academic uniform evolved but also how one of the ‘big hitters’ in education is strongly influenced by issues of social class and equality, despite having one of the more distinctive uniforms on the academic stage.
Molecular characterization of VP1 gene during the foot and mouth disease virus outbreak in East Java, Indonesia, in 2022
Authors: Dinana Zayyin , Suwarno Suwarno , Mustofa Imam , Rahmahani Jola , Kusnoto Kusnoto , Maharani Aussie Tahta , Fitria Anisa Lailatul , Witaningrum Adiana Mutamsari , Maulana Firdausy Kurnia , Said Nur Saidah , Fahrodi Deka Uli , Rantam Fedik Abdul
Published: November 2024

Background and Aim: Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is highly contagious in cloven-hoofed animals, and it causes outbreaks in Indonesia and several countries worldwide. This disease is caused by the FMD virus (FMDV), which belongs to the genus Aphthovirus and family Picornaviridae. In 1990, the World Organization for Animal Health Office International des Epizooties recognized Indonesia as an FMD-free country. A new FMDV outbreak in Indonesia was reported in April 2022 and confirmed in May 2022, resulting in economic losses to the beef cattle sector. This study aimed to determine the genotype and amino acid content of viral proteins (VP1) gene.

Materials and Methods: Samples were obtained from vesicle swabs from the mouth and feet of cattle in Banyuwangi Regency, Lamongan Regency, and Surabaya City, East Java, Indonesia. Samples were identified using one-step reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction with a pair of specific primers encoding the VP1O serotype with a target of 1165 bp.

Results: Sequencing revealed that the FMDV subtype belonged to the O/ME-SA/Ind2001e. Phylogenetic analysis showed that our isolate was 100% amino acid-identical to the Indonesian outbreak isolates from 2022 and 95% identical to isolates from Southeast Asia. The amino acid substitutions found in the G-H Loop of the VP1were S134C, D138E, T140A, and A156T. Only the K135Q mutation was detected in Lamongan.

Conclusion: The spread of the subtype O/ME-SA/Ind2001e in South-east Asia caused an outbreak in Indonesia due to less stringent animal traffic control measures. Surveillance studies and whole-genome sequence analyses are important for monitoring FMDV genetics in Indonesia.

Keywords: cattle, foot and mouth disease virus, Indonesia, phylogenetic tree, viral proteins 1.
In vitro anthelmintic activity of Phyllanthus niruri Linn., Andrographis paniculata, Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb., and Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. ethanol extracts on the motility and cuticle damage of Ascaridia galli
Authors: Tiuria Risa , Sutardi Lina Noviyanti , Nugraha Arifin Budiman , Subangkit Mawar
Published: November 2024

Background and Aim: Ascaridia galli, a nematode that frequently infects the digestive tract of chickens, is a significant concern for poultry health. In response, the use of medicinal plant-derived anthelmintics was proposed as a potential solution. This study observed the in vitro effectiveness of a single, graded dose of the ethanol extract of Andrographis paniculata, Phyllanthus niruri L., Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb., and Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. on the movement activity of adult A. galli every hour for 6 h, followed by an analysis of worm cuticle damage in A. galli.

Materials and Methods: A randomized block design was used. Adult A. galli were collected from the intestinal lumen of fresh free-range chickens. Each petri dish contained two A. galli for each treatment with three replications. Each plant extract (A. paniculata, P. niruri L., C. xanthorrhiza Roxb., and C. aeruginosa Roxb.) was evaluated with three distinct doses, which were 250 μg/mL, 500 μg/mL, and 1000 μg/mL; 0.9% sodium chloride solution was used as a negative control, and 500 μg/mL Albendazole solution was used as a positive control. The active compound content of A. paniculata, P. niruri L., C. xanthorrhiza Roxb., and C. aeruginosa Roxb. extracts were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The movement activity of A. galli was determined by the percentage score value from the 1st to the 6th h in each treatment group, followed by analysis of damage to the A. galli cuticle layer using a nano-microscope and histopathological images.

Results: Analysis of variance demonstrated that at doses of 250 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL, the ethanol extracts of A. paniculata, P. niruri L., C. xanthorrhiza Roxb., and C. aeruginosa Roxb. did not have a significant effect on the effectiveness of A. galli’s motility (>0.005). However, at a dose of 1000 μg/mL, the ethanol extract of A. paniculata, P. niruri L., C. xanthorrhiza Roxb., and C. aeruginosa Roxb. reduced the motility of A. galli. Importantly, the motility of A. galli in the dose of 1000 μg/mL A. paniculata and P. niruri L. extract groups was very weak and significantly different (p < 0.001) compared to the negative control group. The content of the active compound Andrographolide in the ethanol extract of A. paniculata and the active compound 5-Methoxybenzimidazole in the extract of P. niruri L. are strongly suspected to play an important role in damaging and shedding the cuticle layer of A. galli.

Conclusion: All herbal extracts have anthelmintic activity at a concentration of 1000 μg/mL. Extracts of A. paniculata, P. niruri L., C. xanthorrhiza Roxb., and C. aeruginosa Roxb. have activities that can damage and dissolve the cuticle layer of A. galli, resulting in the weakening of the motility of A. galli.

Keywords: Ascaridia galli, cuticle, in vitro motility, plant extract.
A Latent Profile Analysis of Immigrated Multicultural Adolescents’ Bicultural Experience: Exploring Predictive Factors and Differences in School Adjustment
Authors: Jo Hyun Ji , Heo Moonyung
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to identify the latent profiles of bicultural experiences among immigrated multicultural adolescents and to exploring predictive factors and differences in school adjustment based on these latent profiles. The second wave of the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study (MAPS) was analyzed using latent profile analysis (LPA), chi-square tests and multinomial logistic regression models. First, the results of LPA revealed three latent profiles: ‘low bicultural experience group’, ‘high bicultural experience group’, and ‘cultural adjustment stress group’. Second, predictors of these latent profiles were Korean language skills, support of teacher, support of friend and support of parents. Third, significant differences in school adjustment were observed among these profiles. While ‘high bicultural experience group’ exhibited significantly higher scores in school adjustment, the difference between ‘low bicultural experience group’ and ‘cultural adjustment stress group’ was not significant. Our findings offer valuable implications to enhance the school adjustment and bicultural experience of immigrated multicultural adolescents.
A Biracial Teacher’s Experiences in Korean Elementary Schools: Autobiographical Research
Authors: Basu Debby , Chang In Sil
Published: November 2024

This study aims to understand the life and teaching experiences of a biracial elementary school teacher using autobiographical narrative inquiry. Data was collected through the teacher's recollections, life records related to her multicultural background, and reflective journals. What the teacher has experienced before and during her teaching career, and how these experiences are intertwined has been explored based on the data. The findings revealed that, in her pre-teaching life, based on her self-identity as a Korean, the teacher sought to challenge the social framework of a “multicultural person” that was imposed on her, and found the Korean society’s awareness of multiculturalism problematic. Her travel experiences led her to develop a new perspective on her identity, encompassing extra-racial and multiracial aspects. In the course of her teaching career, she realizes that she had internalized societal prejudices about the so-called “Damunhwa” (the Korean term referring to multicultural people and phenomena), and thus experiences negative emotions. The teacher makes pedagogical decisions based on her experiences of being “othered” in Korean society, as she actively builds relationships with multicultural students. She experiences being “othered” within the peer teachers and shows little response to it. Based on these findings, the research discusses the implications and limitations, offering suggestions for further study.
South Korean Educators’ Experience with North Korean Defector Women and Their Young Children Through a Lens of Cultural Competence
Authors: Seo Jiah
Published: November 2024

본 연구는 남한 유아교사와 원장님들의 문화 역량을 바탕으로 탈북 어머니와 그 유아들과의 경험을 살펴보는 것에 의의가 있다. 본 연구를 위해 북한이탈주민 밀집지역에 위치한 7개의 어린이집에서 근무하는 원장님과 교사들 14명을 대상으로 탈북 어머니와 유아들과의 경험에 대한 반구조적 심층면접을 통한 질적연구를 실시하였다. 이를 통해 교사들이 탈북 어머니와 그 자녀에 대해 어떠한 인식을 가지고 있는지, 얼마만큼 알고 있는지, 어떠한 태도를 지니고 있는지, 그리고 어머니 및 유아들과 관계하기 위해 어떠한 교수능력과 대인관계기술이 있는지에 대해 살펴보았다. 연구결과는 원장님들 및 교사들은 북한의 양육법과 그 양육법이 유아에게 미친 영향에 대한 지식을 가지고 있었으며 탈북 어머니의 가정환경이 유아들에게 끼친 영향과 그로 인한 문화적 차이에 대한 지식을 가지고 있었음을 볼 수 있었다. 이러한 경험들로 인해 대부분의 연구 참여자들이 탈북 어머니와 유아들과 그 가족들에게 존중하는 태도를 지니고 있음을 알 수 있었으며 아이들을 가르칠 때는 교수능력을 그들의 부모님들과 관계할 때는 의사소통능력을 발휘한 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 몇몇의 교사들은 유아들과 그들의 어머니에 대해 계속적인 편견이 있음이 발견되었다. 본 연구는 교사의 문화역량을 돕고 발달시킬 수 있는 교사교육의 필요성을 제시하였는데 특히 예비유아교사들과 현장교사들이 문화역량을 갖추어 성장할 수 있도록 구체적인 실천방안을 제안하였다.
A Qualitative Study on the Entrepreneurial Experience of Han Chinese students in Korea
Authors: Bian AiLian , Hong Eun Shil , Ha Jung Hee
Published: November 2024

This study examines the motivation and experience of Han Chinese students who started a business in Korea. For this purpose, we interviewed three Han Chinese students who had experience starting a business in Korea with an investment visa and analyzed their experiences through narrative inquiry. As a result of the study, the background of Han Chinese students studying abroad to start a business were ‘not an only child’, ‘market insight’, ‘love for Korea and opportunity for high income’ and ‘being influenced by parents who run a business’, and the process of starting a business was revealed as ‘courage and persistence not to give up’, ‘good partner’, and ‘active efforts to solve problems’. Difficulties in the process of starting a business in Korea include ‘visa and legal difficulties,’ ‘cultural and language barriers,’ ‘physical and mental limitations,’ and ‘competition and betrayal.’ The meaning and growth through entrepreneurial experience include ‘the importance of employee education,’ and ‘discovering the value of sharing’, ‘regret over over-consumption’, and ‘growth after starting a business’. This study examined the unique entrepreneurship experiences of Han Chinese students in Korea, which is progressing toward becoming a multicultural society. It is significant as it promotes the activation of entrepreneurship among all foreigners and encourages the improvement of related policies and systems in the future.
An Educational Shift in the Perception of Identity for Members of Korean Multicultural Society
Authors: Lee Woojung , Oh Hyunju
Published: November 2024

The documentary "Alumni 10 Years Later" is a broadcast that covers the lives of various students who attended a multicultural alternative school as elementary school students over a period of 10 years. This study analyzes the identity perception of members of Korean society through the case of the growth process of the alumni who appear in the documentary. This study suggests a change in the direction of multicultural education through a case study of the identity perceptions of members of multicultural societies in documentaries. Multicultural education should be transformed into civic education as a member of the social community. In addition, multicultural education should be transformed into practical education to adapt to a multicultural society. It suggests that education should cultivate the competencies necessary for members of a multicultural society, such as the ability to form equal relationships between people with different backgrounds and characteristics, an attitude of empathy for minorities, and a sense of responsibility to make healthy contributions to the community.
Identification of river valley areas threatening the chemical status of groundwater, in the example of the upper course of the Ner River basin, central Poland
Authors: Krogulec Ewa , Małecki Jerzy J. , Szostakiewicz-Hołownia Marzena , Trzeciak Joanna , Zabłocki Sebastian , Ziułkiewicz Maciej
Published: November 2024

The planning and management of water in the river basins require the identification of places where the quality of groundwater is being threatened. The risk of launching the accumulated pollutants present in the solid phase of the soil may be caused by both the changes in the pressure gradients in the aquifers and the changes in the hydrogeochemical balances. In the example of the Ner river valley, into which wastewater from the Łódź agglomeration has been discharged, the factors threatening the chemical status of groundwater were determined. This assessment was carried out based on the results of the determination of the hydrodynamic balance disturbances in the Upper Cretaceous formations, model studies of groundwater flow and hydrogeochemical studies conducted on the sorption complex of the Ner alluvium as well as the chemistry of the river water, alluvial water and groundwater. The results showed that the river water is heavily anthropogenically transformed. Model studies have shown that when the Ignacew -intake wells are pumped collectively, the inflow takes place through the Ner valley, where the hydrogeological window between the Quaternary and the Upper Cretaceous aquifers is found. The withdrawal by the Ignacew intakes may result in the reversal of piezometric pressures in the valley, which creates the possibility of the infiltration of polluted surface water into groundwater. Observations indicate the need to take into account the zones where surface water and water from the river alluvium are a real threat to the chemical status of the aquifers. These aspects are important when determining the protection zones and in renewable and disposal resource assessments of the Main Groundwater Reservoirs.
The impact of circulation types and their changing thermal properties on the probability of days with snowfall and rainfall in Poland, 1966–2020
Authors: Łupikasza Ewa B. , Małarzewski Łukasz , Pham Quoc B.
Published: November 2024

The frequency of snowfall and rainfall is expected to change due to the warming climate. However, trends in liquid and solid phases are not linearly related to air temperature trends. This paper discusses the impact of thermal properties of circulation types (CTs) on the trends in snowy and rainy days in Poland in the period 1966–2020. The visual observations from 42 synoptic stations, which constitute the most-reliable information on precipitation type, were used to identify the precipitation phase. In most CTs, the air temperature increased between 1966–1985 and 2001–2020, but at various rates depending on the type of circulation. Positive tendencies in the thermal properties of CTs contributed to decreasing trends in winter snowfall and increasing trends in winter rainfall. The rate of tendencies in the probability of the precipitation phases depended on the average temperature and the intensity of warming, in particular CTs. In winter, both the snowfall and rainfall tendencies were the strongest for those CTs with average air temperatures (ATs) close to the freezing point, particularly when the average had crossed that threshold between the years 1966–1985 and 2001–2020. The most rapid tendencies in winter snowfall and rainfall, and in the spring mixed phase were induced by N and NW air advection under cyclonic conditions, bringing air from the rapidly warming Arctic. No trends in the winter mixed precipitation probability resulted from its various tendencies in particular CTs. The probability of snowfall increased during air advection from the southeastern sector, particularly in winter.
User preferences of perspective and dimensionality of tourism space geovisualisation supporting orientation in a non-immersive virtual reality
Authors: Zajadacz Alina , Halik Łukasz
Published: November 2024

The research problem was related to the search for appropriate parameters relevant to the tools that support spatial orientation in large-scale building plans. This problem was addressed by selecting the optimal (1) observation perspective (passerby perspective, bird-eye view perspective, top–down view perspective) in a non-immersive virtual reality (VR) and (2) the presentation dimensionality (2D/3D). The perception of the plans was analysed taking into account such independent variables as gender and the individual level of spatial orientation of the study participants, determined based on the Santa Barbara Sense of Direction (SBSOD) and the Mental Rotation tests (MRT). In the research conducted in 2021 on a sample of 103 people, the experimental methodology involved the comparison of preferences of the study participants in terms of geovisualisation before and after getting to know the real tourism space. The results showed the compliance of preferences, i.e. recognition as the optimal plan in 2D dimensionality and the top–down view perspective. No statistically significant differences in spatial orientation due to gender or individual predispositions measured by the SBSOD and the MRT tests were confirmed.
On comprehensive families of copulas involving the three basic copulas and transformations thereof
Authors: Saminger-Platz Susanne , Kolesárová Anna , Šeliga Adam , Mesiar Radko , Klement Erich Peter
Published: November 2024

Comprehensive families of copulas including the three basic copulas (at least as limit cases) are useful tools to model countermonotonicity, independence, and comonotonicity of pairs of random variables on the same probability space. In this contribution, we study how the transition from a (basic) copula to a copula modeling a different dependence behavior can be realized by means of ordinal sums based on one of the three basic copulas, perturbing one of the three basic copulas (considering some appropriate parameterized transformations) and truncating the results using the Fréchet-Hoeffding bounds. We provide results and examples showing the flexibility and the restrictions for obtaining new copulas or comprehensive families and illustrate the development of their dependence parameters.
Erkenntnistransfer und Transferforschung als Aufgabe von Fachdidaktiken – Blick über den Zaun
Authors: Prediger Susanne
Published: November 2024

Um Transfer aus den Fachdidaktiken in die Unterrichtspraxis (und zurück) zu ermöglichen, können materiale, personale und systemische Implementationsstrategien auf Unterrichts-, Fortbildungs- und Qualifizierungsebene verfolgt werden. In einem Blick über den Zaun werden Arbeitsweisen aus großen fachdidaktischen Fortbildungsprogrammen vorgestellt und drei Grundsätze verdeutlicht: (1) Ko-konstruktiver Transfer braucht Forschungs-Praxis-Partnerschaften auf mehreren Ebenen, (2) Inhaltlich treffsichere Implementation erfordert gegenstandsbezogen konkretisierte Innovationen, (3) eine Forschungsfundierung der Implementationsprogramme ist nicht nur bzgl. Gestaltungsqualitäten, sondern vor allem bzgl. Inhaltsqualitäten notwendig.
Die Praxis des konfessionell-kooperativen Religionsunterrichts. Eine Bilanz vorliegender empirischer Erkenntnisse
Authors: Riegel Ulrich , Zimmermann Mirjam
Published: November 2024

Auch weil bislang wenig didaktisches Material zum konfessionell-kooperativen Religionsunterricht vorliegt, kommt es zur Einschätzung dessen Praxis gegenwärtig vor allem darauf an, wie die Lehrpersonen konfessionssensible Lerngelegenheiten arrangieren, wie und ob sie die Schüler:innen zu einer differenzsensiblen Auseinandersetzung stimulieren und was diese im kokoRU lernen. Deshalb werden im vorliegenden Beitrag diesbezüglich die Datenlage zur Praxis im kokoRU bilanziert, einschlägige Einsichten aus der Literatur beschrieben und anschließend Implikationen für die Unterrichtspraxis abgeleitet. Dabei sollte bedacht werden, dass zwar vielfältige empirische Indizien zur Praxis des kokoRU vorliegen, diese jedoch durchgehend auf regional fokussierten Gelegenheitsstichproben beruhen und sich auf einen Zeitraum von 20 Jahren verteilen.
Die Studie „Praxis Religionsunterricht“ und ihr vielschichtiges Verhältnis zur Praxis des Religionsunterrichts
Authors: Rothgangel Martin
Published: November 2024

Dieser Artikel analysiert anhand einer Religionslehrer:innenbefragung den Zusammenhang zwischen Unterrichtsforschung und Unterrichtspraxis. Zu diesem Zweck werden zunächst der praxisbezogene Anlass der Studie sowie ihre Leitfragen in den Blick genommen. Davon ausgehend wird gezeigt, welche Potentiale die Unterrichtsforschung für die Unterrichtspraxis besitzt, zum anderen werden gleichfalls die Perspektivität von Praxisbeobachtungen sowie die Grenzen von Unterrichtsforschung bedacht. Im letztgenannten Sinne wird anhand ausgewählter Ergebnisse veranschaulicht, wie diese durch die jeweilige Erhebungs- bzw. Analysemethode bedingt sind. Schließlich wird der Blick auf Praxispotentiale von Unterrichtsforschung gerichtet, indem tatsächliche bzw. mögliche Effekte der vorliegenden Religionslehrer:innenbefragung thematisiert werden.
Empirische Forschung als Beitrag zur Qualitätsentwicklung non-formaler religiöser Bildung. Befunde und Impulse aus der 3. Studie zur Konfi-Arbeit in Deutschland
Authors: Simojoki Henrik , Ilg Wolfgang
Published: November 2024

Der vorliegende Beitrag thematisiert den Zusammenhang zwischen empirischer Bildungsforschung und praktischer Gestaltung von Lehr-Lern-Prozessen am Beispiel der 3. Studie zur Konfi-Arbeit in Deutschland, die in enger Wechselwirkung mit Multiplikator:innen und Praxisverantwortlichen konzipiert und durchgeführt wurde. Mit der Studie ging die Entwicklung eines multifunktionalen Online-Tools einher, das eine feedbackgestützte Qualitätsentwicklung vor Ort ermöglicht. Als Grundlage dafür wurde in einem internationalen Dialogprozess ein Qualitätsmodell entwickelt, das sich in zehn interdependente Dimensionen auffächert, die mit den Items des Feedback-Tools verbunden sind. Anschließend werden zentrale Ergebnisse zu Lehr-Lern-Prozessen in der Konfi-Arbeit präsentiert. Der Beitrag mündet in forschungsmethodische Überlegungen zu Potenzialen und Grenzen von Konfirmand:innenbefragungen in diesem non-formalen Bildungsangebot evangelischer Kirchen.
GPe Projections to the Retrorubral Field Give Rise to Diverging GABAergic and DAergic Circuits
Authors: Vounatsos Maxime V. , Gittis Aryn H.
Published: November 2024

The external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe) is involved in the modulation of the motor output and limbic components of behavior. The circuitry by which the GPe contributes to limbic components of behavior remains unknown. While many investigations have focused on the local circuitry within the basal ganglia, numerous GPe projections to target regions outside of the basal ganglia including the midbrain, thalamus, and cortex exist and remain largely unexplored. Here, by anatomical and electrophysiological means, we investigate the projections of the GPe to the retrorubral field (RRF), a dopaminergic nucleus in the caudal midbrain, in both male and female mice. We find that the GPe targets both GABAergic and DAergic neurons in the RRF (RRFDAand RRFGABA). Viral-assisted circuit mapping to trace the cell-type–specific projection patterns of RRFDAand RRFGABApopulations revealed diverging pathways. The connectivity of GPe-recipient RRFDAneurons followed the traditional medial forebrain bundle path, innervating the ventral striatum and to a lesser extent the dorsal striatum. GPe-recipient RRFGABAneurons, on the other hand, displayed broad projections targeting numerous brain regions involved in limbic function including the parabrachial nucleus, amygdala, and hypothalamus. These contrasting projection profiles reveal multiple nodes by which the GPe is disynaptically connected to the limbic system, representing novel access points for the GPe to modulate limbic components of behavior.
Social support for cancer patients and alcohol and tobacco use: an integrative review
Authors: Reis Juliana Benevenuto , Mendes Karina Dal Sasso , Bosso Rogério Adriano , Pegoraro Natália Priolli Jora , Santos Márcia dos , Pillon Sandra Cristina
Published: November 2024

Objective: to assess the knowledge about social support and mental health of people diagnosed with cancer, smokers, and alcohol users, and the implications of these behaviors for cancer treatment. Methods: integrative review using the following databases: CINAHL, Embase, LILACS, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science, without restriction of period and language. The data was analyzed descriptively. Results: 3,010 documents were identified, 14 studies were eligible. The different types of social support received by people with cancer and a history of alcohol and tobacco use stand out: emotional (n=5), informational (n=4), family and material (n=2 each), religious, sexual-affective partner, tangible, affective, positive social interaction, instrumental and social companionship (n=1 each). Conclusion: targeted social support that is sensitive to the particularities of the history of substance use can significantly improve the way people cope with the disease and treatment. Contributions to practice: providing integrated social support for this population is essential for thinking about quality of life throughout treatment and recovery.
General approaches to the factors determining the crime of genocide
Authors: Fris Pavlo
Published: November 2024

The two-year period that has passed since the beginning of the active phase of Russian aggression against independent Ukraine was marked by the aggressors committing a significant number of various crimes that were previously unknown to the practice of fighting crime in our country. In addition, the aggression became a catalyst for the commission of a number of previously unknown crimes committed by citizens of Ukraine against its national interests. This determines the need for legal scholars to address a number of issues that were not in the center of their attention before. One of these issues is the problem of criminal legal struggle and prevention of one of the heaviest crimes known to mankind - the crime of genocide. In recent years, the Russians have committed many acts that, according to the norms of international law, should be qualified as crimes of genocide. In addition to the direct legal evaluation of such acts, it is important to find out the factors that determine their commission. The complexity of the study of this problem lies in the fact that, unlike the study of the factors that determine the commission of a crime by a specific person, in this case, one should study the factors affecting the state as such, its legal institutions, political regime, etc.This article is the first attempt in Ukrainian legal science to develop approaches and give a general description of the factors that determine the commission of crimes of genocide by Russia against Ukraine and its people.
About the direct object of the violation of the rules of traffic safety or the operation of vehicles by persons driving vehicles
Authors: Shevchuk Vasyl
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the scientific article is to establish the content of the direct object of violation of the rules of road traffic safety or the operation of transport by persons driving vehicles, based on the examination of regulatory material in the field of road traffic, and to clarify the significance of this object for the legislative and law enforcement aspects of this component of a criminal offence. The method of establishing the direct object chosen in the article is due to the presence in the text of Article 286 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine of a blanket reference to the regulatory legislation, which is recognized as a normative basis for criminal liability. It was concluded that the main direct object of this composition of the criminal offense should be defined as social relations protected by the criminal law in the field of ensuring traffic order and transport operation. Emphasis is placed on what was done in Art. 286 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, referral does not contribute to the unambiguous application of this norm, as a result of which judicial practice includes references to normative acts that differ in scope in the process of formulating the indictment. On the basis of the examination of the content of the system of regulatory legislation in the road traffic system and taking into account such a feature as its multi-hierarchical nature, a conclusion was made about clarifying the content of Art. 286 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is proposed to make changes to the name and to Part 1 of Art. 286 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, setting out a blanket instruction as follows: violation of legislation on road traffic or vehicle operation. It was established that the additional optional object of violation of traffic safety rules or transport operation is not taken into account by the court when qualifying this criminal offense.
The Right to Freedom of Expression as a “Screen” for Interference with the Judiciary
Authors: Krasnytsky Ivan , Yaremko Halyna
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the criminal law limits of the right to freedom of expression with regard to the activities of the judiciary in the media, and this should serve to develop an understanding of which statements in the media can be considered as interference with the activities of the judiciary (Article 376 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), in the presence of other mandatory elements of a criminal offense.The empirical basis was the data from the Register of Judges’ Reports of Interference with Activities posted on the official website of the High Council of Justice; the Unified Report on Criminal Offenses for 2023 posted on the website of the Prosecutor General’s Office as well as the Generalization of the Practice of Consideration by the High Council of Justice of Judges’ Reports of Interference in Their Activities as Judges in the Administration of Justice and Other Decisions of the High Council of Justice on Measures to Ensure the Independence of Judges and the Authority of Justice in 2021. This analysis showed a large statistical gap between the reports of judges to the High Council of Justice, positive conclusions of the High Council of Justice on measures taken to ensure the independence of judges and the authority of justice, and, finally, the number of proceedings under Article 376 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine that were referred to court with an indictment. This apparently indicates, in particular, the absence of a unified interpretation of the concept of “interference in the activities of the judiciary” by law enforcement agencies.On the basis of the analysis of the legislation and case law of the European Court of Human Rights, the following conclusions have been formed with regard to the right to freedom of expression by media representatives concerning the activities of the judiciary, going beyond which, if there are other mandatory features, may indicate the presence of the analyzed criminal offense- criticism of a judge in the media may be a way of interfering with the activities of the judiciary (may take place before the case is resolved);- the limits of permissible criticism in the media for judges are wider than for a private person;- the information disseminated may be unacceptable and offensive to the subject concerned;- freedom of expression implies the use of facts (only true ones), as well as value judgments, which do not violate the restrictions established in part 2 of Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights in terms of, in particular, the protection of the reputation or rights of others;- the right to freedom of expression (Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights) should not violate the right to respect for private life (Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights);- information in the mass media may be only related to activities related to the exercise of judicial powers.
Offenses committed by employees of punitive and repressive bodies of the USSR in the Stanislav region in 1944-1953
Authors: Adamovych Serhiy , Shynkaruk Iaroslav , Fedorchuk Oleh
Published: November 2024

Soviet punitive and repressive bodies in the 1940s and 1950s of the 20th century pursued the goal of destroying any resistance in the western Ukrainian lands to the communist imperial power system. This goal was achieved through oppression, destruction or deportation of the classes of wealthy peasantry, sanctimony and national intellectuals hostile to the communists, suppression of the armed resistance of Ukrainian insurgent army and the Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists. The staff of the internal affairs and state security agencies in the Stanislav region in the vast majority had a low qualification and educational level and consisted largely of people not from the Ukrainian SSR. Thus, in 1947, in the western regions of the Ukrainian SSR, among 2447 employees of law enforcement agencies there were only 4% of locals.Employees of law enforcement and judicial bodies committed a significant number of crimes and offenses on the territory of the region. In the general statistics of crimes committed by employees of state authorities, the vast majority were offenses committed by employees of law enforcement agencies and judicial bodies. The total number of employees of the Soviet law enforcement agencies of Western Ukraine who were prosecuted for illegal actions against citizens in 1945–1953 amounted to more than two thousand people. Among them there were cases of illegal detention, extrajudicial killings, robbery, torture, banditry, theft, appropriation of other people’s property, corruption, and sexual crimes. In many cases, offenses were committed while under the influence of alcohol. Thus, in 1945 in the Stanislav region, almost 95% of crimes by law enforcement officers were committed while intoxicated. Such a state of violation of «Soviet legality» was recognized by the party leadership of the republic and region, and in some places even received informal support to intimidate the population of the region. In fact, the Soviet law enforcement system kept outright criminals in its midst, even from the point of view of Soviet legality.
ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ РЕЖИМА АТМОСФЕРНОЙ ЦИРКУЛЯЦИИ НА ФОНЕ ГЛОБАЛЬНЫХ КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИХ ТЕНДЕНЦИЙ В АТЛАНТИКО-ЕВРАЗИЙСКОМ СЕКТОРЕ СЕВЕРНОГО ПОЛУШАРИЯ
Authors: С.В. МОРОЗОВА , К.Е. ДЕНИСОВ , Е.А. ПОЛЯНСКАЯ , К.С. КОНДАКОВ , Н.В. КОРОТКОВА , Р.Р. ГАФУРОВ
Published: November 2024

Рассмотрено изменение барического поля поверхности АТ-500 гПа в два естественных периода земной климатической системы - в период стабилизации и вторую волну глобального потепления, которая включает в себя активную фазу и фазу замедления потепления. Территорией исследования выбран Атлантико-Евразийский сектор полушария, характеризующийся наибольшей погодно-климатической неустойчивостью. Анализ климатических полей проводился для января и июля. Установлено, что и в январе, и в июле самая высокая степень зональности характерна для активной фазы второй волны глобального потепления. В январе выявлено западно-восточное смещение климатической барической волны от одного естественного климатического периода к другому. Западное смещение наблюдалось в период стабилизации и в фазе замедления потепления. Движение волны к востоку имело место в активной фазе второй волны глобального потепления. В июле на фоне западно-восточного смещения барической волны на большей части Европейской России в период замедления потепления формировался антициклонический очаг, что указывает на увеличение повторяемости антициклонов на этой территории. Высказано предположение, что такая перестройка поля давления способствует повышению роли летних трансформационных процессов в настоящем потеплении.

We examine changes in the baric field of the AT-500 hPa surface during two natural periods of the Earth’s climate system: the period of stabilization, and the second wave of global warming consisting of the active phase, and the phase of deceleration in warming. The study area includes the Atlantic-Eurasian sector of the hemisphere, which is characterized by the highest weather-climatic instability. The analysis of climatic fields was carried out for January and July. It has been established that both in January and in July, the highest degree of zoning is characteristic of the active phase of the second wave of global warming. In January, a west-east shift of the climatic baric wave from one natural climatic period to another was revealed. The western shift was observed during the period of stabilization and the phase of deceleration in warming. The eastward movement of the wave took place in the active phase of the second wave of global warming. In July, against the background of the west-east shift of the baric wave over most of European Russia, an anticyclonic source was formed during the deceleration in warming, which indicates an increase in the frequency of anticyclones over this territory. It is suggested that such a restructuring of the pressure field contributes to an increase in the role of summer transformation processes in current warming.