bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transformasi Model Pengembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan Islam Menuju Era Society 5,0
Authors: Sari Indri Via Yunita , Kamila Estiti Rifngatul , Kholis Nur
Published: September 2024

Facing the era of society 5.0 which is characterized by advances in industrical technology to facilitate the needs of human life, Islamic education needs to transform the components of learning system, one of which is curriculum. With various models of islamic religion education curriculum that can be aplied, this is a challenge as well as an opportunity in realizing the succes of learning in the 5.0 society era. This study aims to identify a model for developing an Islamic religious education curriculum and to analyze its implementation in facing the era of society 5.0. Research in this case using the method of literature study. Based on the results of the author’s analysis, it is known that all existing curriculum development models (action research models, administrative and so on) can be applied in learning islamic religious education in the era of society 5,0. However, in the development of Islamic religious education curriculum, we still sanad to importance of scientific knowledge by continuing to carry out direct learning with teachers in addition to learning with technology in the 5.0 society era. On other hand, teachers must upgrade their cognitive, affective and skills possessed so that they are ready to accompany students in the era of society 5.0.
Peran Orang Tua dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas III Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nahdlatul Ulama Balikpapan
Authors: Rohmaningsih Yuni , Baihaqi Mohammad
Published: September 2024

Human behavior is the main goal of education, and the role of parents is crucial in motivating children's learning. To support their children, parents can provide attention, gifts, and rewards. This research aims to find out how parents can motivate their children's learning process, using a qualitative descriptive methodology with interviews and observations. The results show that parents have fulfilled their roles as teachers for their children, although sometimes not perfectly. They motivate their children with praise and guidance, and provide learning facilities such as books and writing tools. However, they also face challenges such as knowledge gaps, financial constraints, and children's traits that can hinder learning, such as laziness and lack of focus.
Pengaruh Media Tangram terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa pada Materi Bangun Datar di MI Siti Mariam
Authors: Shalihah Siti , Sarah Siti
Published: September 2024

This research aims to determine students' interest in learning in mathematics lessons on plane figures in class 2 MI Siti Mariam and to determine the influence of using Tangram media on students' interest in learning in mathematics lessons on plane figures in class 2 MI Siti Mariam. This research uses experimental research methods with a quantitative approach. Data collection using questionnaires, observations and interviews. The data analysis techniques used are normality test, homogeneity test and t-test. Based on the analysis carried out with the help of SPSS version 22, it was found that class 2 students' interest in learning mathematics regarding plane figures was in the category of very interested, 25%, 21.43% interested, 35.73% less interested, and 17.86% not interested. Apart from that, the results of the t-test were obtained with a calculated t-value of 15.628 and the significance level was 0.05, so the t-table value was 2.01537. So the value of t-count > t-table is 15.628 > 2.01537, so it can be concluded that there is a significant influence of the use of Tangram media on students' interest in learning in mathematics lessons about flat shapes in class 2 at MI Siti Mariam
Nepilnamečių baudžiamoji justicija Lietuvoje – ar esamos baudžiamosios teisės priemonės ir jų taikymo praktika tinkamai atliepia nusikalstamo nepilnamečių elgesio priežastis ir tendencijas?
Authors: Krušinskas Vidas
Published: September 2024

Šiame straipsnyje nagrinėjama su baudžiamosios atsakomybės įgyvendinimu nepilnamečiams susijusi problematika bei nepilnamečių baudžiamosios justicijos Lietuvoje perspektyvos. Straipsnio tikslas - išanalizuoti bei argumentuotai įvertinti aktualią nepilnamečių baudžiamosios justicijos Lietuvoje problematiką, taip bandant identifikuoti šioje srityje potencialiai tobulintinus aspektus. Atitinkamai, darbo autoriaus yra siekiama visapusiškai išnagrinėti tiek baudžiamajame įstatyme įtvirtinto teisinio reglamentavimo specifiką bei trūkumus, tiek teismų praktikoje nepilnamečių baudžiamosiose bylose kylančius iššūkius, tiek ir nepilnamečių registruoto bei latentinio nusikalstamumo tendencijas atspindinčią statistinę informaciją, taip pat teisės, kriminologijos ir kitų mokslų įžvalgas nagrinėjama tema. Atlikta analizė parodė, jog traukiant nepilnamečius baudžiamojon atsakomybėn ir skiriant jiems bausmes ar kitokias poveikio priemones, praktikoje į nepilnamečių baudžiamosios atsakomybės ypatumus ir jų specifinius poreikius neretai vis dar deramai neatsižvelgiama, o jei tai ir padaroma – toks atsižvelgimas gana dažnai būna ribotas ir nepilnavertis. Todėl darytinos išvados, jog teismai, taikydami baudžiamąją atsakomybę, turi skirti didesnį dėmesį principinėms nepilnamečių baudžiamosios atsakomybės ypatumų nuostatoms, labiau įsigilinti į nepilnamečių teisės pažeidėjų specifiką ir poreikius bei jų atžvilgiu dar labiau riboti kriminalinių bausmių taikymą, dažniau skiriant auklėjamojo poveikio priemones, taip pat dažniau ir atidžiau vertinti jaunų suaugusiųjų (18–21 m.) socialinę brandą ir galimybes jiems taikyti nepilnamečių baudžiamosios atsakomybės ypatumus. Tuo tarpu įstatymų leidėjui derėtų įtvirtinti galimybę svarstyti atleidimą nuo baudžiamosios atsakomybės nepilnamečiams ir sunkių nusikaltimų atvejais, be to, mažiau sunkių ar neatsargių nusikalstamų veikų atvejais tai turėtų būti teismo pareiga, o ne diskrecija.
Is Obesity a Risk Factor for Periodontal Disease?: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Viana Yann Nobre , Holanda Richelly Maria Rodrigues , Araújo Matéus Simplício , Cunha Abrahão Lincoln Alves , Maciel Jacques Antonio Cavalcante , Barbosa Francisco Cesar Barroso
Published: September 2024

Aims: Periodontal disease (PD) is a chronic inflammatory pathology that arises from the interaction between pathogenic bacteria and the host's immune response. The literature addresses associations of PD with other systemic conditions, such as obesity (BO). The objective of this study was to review the literature looking for scientific evidence that could clarify whether BO would be a risk factor for PD.
Study Design: An integrative literature review.
Methodology: The search was carried out on the VHL Regional Portal (Virtual Health Library) with articles published in English, Spanish and Portuguese. 79 articles were found between 2019 and 2024. Of this total, 63 were excluded, 1 due to duplication and 62 for not meeting the inclusion criteria. Of the studies analyzed, most report some association between obesity and periodontal disease. Thus, after reading in full, 16 articles were included.
Results: The results revealed four hypotheses: a) Body mass index and waist circumference are strongly associated with an increased prevalence of PD; b) Overweight, OB and visceral adiposity index are among the main risk factors for the development of PD and the increase in its prevalence; c) PD occurs independently of metabolic syndrome (OB and overweight) and the association between PD and OB may not be so significant, even though OB presents a 15% higher risk of progression to PD; d) Although severe PD was significantly associated with OB, it was not associated with overweight.
Conclusion: Therefore, most studies report a relationship between OB and PD, showing that OB plays a role in the systemic inflammation process and that it can indirectly accelerate the onset and progression of PD.
The Effect Green Product of Skincare Avoskin on Green Purchase Intention: Mediation Moderation Model
Authors: Sabani Hasbi Mustopa Kamil , Nuraini Okta Fajar , Udin M. Muti , Vania Amelindha
Published: September 2024

Aims: This study aims to analyze the influence of green customer value on green purchase intention, mediated by green psychological benefits and moderated by green marketing, among Avoskin skincare users in Malang City. The research seeks to provide deeper insights into the factors driving consumer intentions to purchase eco-friendly products, particularly in the rapidly growing local beauty industry.
Study Design:  A quantitative explanatory research approach was employed to examine the relationships between the variables.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Malang City from May to July 2024, focusing on 240 respondents selected through purposive sampling.
Methodology: Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using Warp PLS v8.0. The analysis included the assessment of convergent and discriminant validity, reliability, and hypothesis testing.
Results: The results of this study show that Green Customer Value and Green Psychological Benefits have a significant influence on Green Purchase Intention among Avoskin skincare consumers in Malang City. Green Psychological Benefits effectively mediate the relationship between Green Customer Value and Green Purchase Intention. However, Green Marketing does not significantly moderate the relationship between Green Customer Value and Green Purchase Intention. Green Customer Value emerges as the most dominant variable influencing green purchase intention compared to other variables.
Conclusion: The study concludes that Green Customer Value and Green Psychological Benefits significantly influence Green Purchase Intention among Avoskin skincare consumers in Malang City. Green Psychological Benefits serve as a crucial mediator, enhancing the impact of Green Customer Value on Green Purchase Intention. While Green Marketing does not significantly moderate this relationship, the findings underscore the importance of perceived green value and psychological benefits in driving consumer intentions toward eco-friendly products.
Characteristics of Haemophilus influenzae Meningitis Cases in Children Aged 0 to 15 Years in Burkina Faso from 2008 to 2018
Authors: Diallo Ismaël , Diendéré Eric Arnaud , Sawadogo Abdoulaye , Bouda Modeste , Ouédraogo Abdoul Gafourou Arsène , Zoungrana Jacques , Savadogo Mamoudou , Ouédraogo Smaïla
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Bacterial meningitis done represent a major public health concern especially within the meningitis belt. In 2019, Hemophilus influenzae (Hi) was responsible for 8% of meningitis cases in the ECOWAS zone. In Burkina Faso, the vaccine against type b Hi was introduced in the broad vaccine program since 2006. The purpose of this study was to study the characteristics of Hi meningitis from 2008 to 2018 in Burkina Faso. 
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional repetitive study between June and December 2020. We collected all cases of bacterial meningitis due to Hi that were confirmed through culture, Gram coloration, PCR, or latex agglutination, and were recorded in the database of the epidemiologic surveillance from January 2008 to December 2018 in Burkina Faso.
Results: An overall number of 177 cases of Hi meningitis was recorded; Hi (4.04%), was the third cause of meningitis after pneumococcus (59.85%) and meningococcus (35.01%). The number of Hi meningitis cases declined through the years but still remained high despite a vaccine coverage that almost reaches 100%.  The disease is present throughout the year with an outburst during the dry season. The children from 3 months to three years were mostly affected (55.93%) and the “Boucle du Mouhoun” was the region that reported the highest number of cases (18.08%). The stereotypes that were identified included Hib (55.38%) and non b Hi (14.69%). The disease prognosis was unfavorable in the absence of treatment in 33.39% of cases.
Conclusion: Despite the good vaccine coverage, there is a persistence of Hi meningitis cases with a number of regions more affected than others. It appears useful to supervise vaccine campaign and conduct immunologic studies on vaccine efficacy on this fragile population that carries the burden of other diseases such as malaria, besides Hi meningitis.
Formulation and Physical, Chemical, and Sensorial Characterization of Pomegranate and Beetroot Juice
Authors: Mohan Avani , Komathkandy Fahmida , K K Faheema
Published: September 2024

The rising demand for antioxidant-rich functional beverages underscores their potential health benefits, particularly for cardiovascular health. This study developed a blended juice comprising beetroot, pomegranate, gooseberry, and ginger, analyzed across ten treatments with varying proportions of beetroot and pomegranate. The study assessed key physicochemical properties, including Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), Antioxidant Activity, and Anthocyanin levels. The quality evaluation involved physical and chemical analyses, measuring Total Soluble Solids (TSS), pH, total acidity, and ascorbic acid content using AOAC (2005) methods. TSS was measured in Brix, pH with a digital meter, and ascorbic acid by visual titration. TPC was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent, TFC with an aluminum chloride method, and antioxidant activity via a DPPH assay. Anthocyanin content was measured spectrophotometrically. The sensory evaluation identified the treatment with a higher pomegranate percentage (T9) as the most preferred. T9 also exhibited the highest TPC (1,432.28 mg GAE/L), TFC (611.61 mg QE/L), and Antioxidant Activity (87.53%), indicating a strong correlation between these compounds and the juice's health benefits. Storage studies of T9 over 21 days revealed a gradual decline in pH, TSS, Vitamin C, and antioxidant activity, highlighting the importance of proper storage conditions. This research demonstrates the potential of beetroot-pomegranate blends in creating a health-promoting beverage, with T9 emerging as the most beneficial and consumer-accepted formulation.
A Review on the Application of RS, GIS and GPS in Agriculture and Allied Sector
Authors: Tiwari Nimisha Jain , Jain RC , Hussain Mohd Vasique , Sahu Premlal , Rachna  , Ramanathan Muthuraman
Published: September 2024

In developed and developing nations, agricultural sustainability is of utmost importance. This study aims to discuss the impacts and applications of geospatial information technology in agriculture and related fields. These cutting-edge technologies offer multi-scale benefits and can be used to create and synthesise new low-cost information and documents. Accurate input data for diverse agricultural production techniques and pollution from diffuse sources can be obtained quickly through data sources and integration techniques. These tools can be utilised to create maps and charts that satisfy particular requirements. Direct information about production indicators (cultivated area and yield) can be obtained by geospatial technology. For efficient agricultural monitoring, agricultural factors including soil moisture, soil type, and cultivation stage are necessary. Multifunctional photos can be used to derive mask removal. Cloaking is a necessary prerequisite for satellite remote sensing applications that anticipate or estimate crops and are helpful in the spread of precision farming. In order to allocate time and resources where they are most required and will yield the most return for the farmers, it entails the use of spatial asset allocation and management. An overview of remote sensing technology, GPS, and GIS, as well as potential applications in agriculture, will be provided by this paper and applicability of the same with various user.
Assessment of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in White Onion (Allium cepa L.) for Growth, Bulb Yield, Quality and its Component Characteristics
Authors: Chavan Sunil , S M Hiremath , Doggalli Gangadhara , S Vinutha Patil , S M Ajay , Vernekar Mahesh A , Kavya  , P N Vinodh Kumar
Published: September 2024

The present investigation was carried out at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, during the latekharif season of 2023-2024. The study was undertaken to evaluate the variability present among the latekharif genotypes and predict the results for hybridization programme. Twenty-six genotypes of onion were used for the experiment. Results indicated substantial phenotypic variability across the genotypes, with traits such as marketable yield (t/ha) showing high genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation (GCV and PCV). Broad-sense heritability estimates ranged widely, emphasizing genetic control for traits like polar diameter (cm) and marketable yield (t/ha). Genetic advance, as a percentage of mean, highlighted significant annual gains in fresh weight of plant (g) and average weight of bulb (g).The findings underscore the potential for onion improvement through selective breeding strategies targeting traits with high heritability and genetic advance. This research contributes valuable insights into enhancing onion productivity and quality traits crucial for sustainable agricultural practices and global food security.
Studies on Genetic Variability in Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Germplasms Grown Under Bundelkhand Region, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Syed Praveen, Mousmi , Singh Mahipat , Yadav Mahaveer Prasad , Himanshu  , Yadav Rakesh , Yadav Yogendra
Published: September 2024

The test genotypes were raised in randomized block design with three replications during rabi season 2023 at Organic Research Farm, Karguanji, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi (U.P.). In the present investigation, genotypes viz., RMT-354 and RMT-303 were superior not only for seed yield per plant but also related traits like pod length, biological yield, test weight and number of pods per plant. Data recorded on five competitive plants chosen at random from each plot for gathering information on existing genetic variability. All of the traits under study showed a wide range of variation. The variation was highest show to 119.67  to 131.67 days, 72.03 to 93.99 cm, 48.67  to 56.00 days, 37.00 to 55.80, 28.93  to 46.15 g, 20.65  to 31.81 %, 12.33 to 17.53 days, 9.21  to 13.08 cm, 9.53  to 13.18 g, 8.35  to 12.10 g, 3.60 to 6.53  for maturity ranged from, plant height, days to 50% flowering ranged from, number of pods per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest index, number of seed per pod ranged, pod length, test weight, seed yield per plant   and number of branches per plant. These diverse genotypes can be used in future breeding programme of fenugreek.
Utilizing Genetic Traits Distributions to Enhance Rice Breeding Programs: A Study of Skewness and Kurtosis in Segregating Generations
Authors: Prasanna G. S. Shai , Joshi J. L. , Muraleedharan Ajish
Published: September 2024

This study analyzed the genetic basis of skewness and kurtosis in segregating generations of six rice crosses. Skewness and kurtosis values were calculated for ten biometrical traits across the populations. The traits examined included plant height, number of productive tillers, panicle length, grain yield, and grain dimensions. Results showed diverse patterns of skewness and kurtosis across traits, crosses and generations. Platykurtic distributions were predominant for most traits, suggesting flatter distributions with lighter tails compared to normal. Skewness varied between positive and negative across traits and crosses. Some traits like grain L/B ratio tended to show positive skewness more frequently. Plant height often exhibited negative skewness. The diversity in distribution characteristics indicates significant genetic variability in the populations. Traits showing platykurtic distributions with negative skewness, such as plant height in several crosses, suggest duplicate epistasis and polygenic control. Positively skewed platykurtic distributions for traits like grain dimensions in some crosses indicate complementary epistasis requiring intense selection. Hence, skewness denotes the horizontal pull and kurtosis deals with vertical peaks of the segregating population. The findings provide insights into the genetic control of key rice traits and have implications for breeding strategies. The complex distribution patterns revealed offer a rich basis for selective breeding, depending on specific trait objectives.
An enhanced Bayesian fingerprinting framework for studying sediment source dynamics in intensively managed landscapes
Authors: Abban B. , (Thanos) Papanicolaou A. N. , Cowles M. K. , Wilson C. G. , Abaci O. , Wacha K. , Schilling K. , Schnoebelen D.
Published: May 2016

An enhanced revision of the Fox and Papanicolaou (hereafter referred to as “F‐P”) (2008a) Bayesian, Markov Chain Monte Carlo fingerprinting framework for estimating sediment source contributions and their associated uncertainties is presented. The F‐P framework included two key deterministic parameters, α and β, that, respectively, reflected the spatial origin attributes of sources and the time history of eroded material delivered to and collected at the watershed outlet. However, the deterministic treatment of α and β is limited to cases with well‐defined spatial partitioning of sources, high sediment delivery, and relatively short travel times with little variability in transport within the watershed. For event‐based studies in intensively managed landscapes, this may be inadequate since landscape heterogeneity results in variabilities in source contributions, their pathways, delivery times, and storage within the watershed. Thus, probabilistic treatments of α and β are implemented in the enhanced framework to account for these variabilities. To evaluate the effects of the treatments of α and β on source partitioning, both frameworks are applied to the South Amana Subwatershed (SASW) in the U.S. midwest. The enhanced framework is found to estimate mean source contributions that are in good agreement with estimates from other studies in SASW. The enhanced framework is also able to produce expected trends in uncertainty during the study period, unlike the F‐P framework, which does not perform as expected. Overall, the enhanced framework is found to be less sensitive to changes in α and β than the F‐P framework, and, therefore, is more robust and desirable from a management standpoint.
ChemInform Abstract: H2O‐Catalyzed Sintering of ≈ 2‐nm‐Cross‐Section Particles of MgO.
Authors: BERUTO D. , BOTTER R. , SEARCY A. W.
Published: May 2016

MgO produced by vacuum decomposition of Mg(OH)2 is formed as single crystals in aggregates containing both open and closed pores.
ChemInform Abstract: IR‐Spectroscopic Investigation of the Adsorption of NH3 and H2O at Na‐ and H‐ZSM‐5.
Authors: SCHNABEL K.‐H. , PEUKER CH. , PARLITZ B. , LOEFFLER E. + , KUERSCHNER U. + , KRIEGSMANN H.
Published: May 2016

A comparison of the spectroscopic data and the results of the temp.‐programmed desorption (TPD) of NH3 indicates that the high temp. TPD peak is caused by the interaction of NH3 with strong acidic OH groups of the zeolite, and the low temp. peak is partly caused by interaction of NH3 with non‐framework Al.
ChemInform Abstract: Corrosion Characteristics of Cast Aluminum Alloy‐3 Wt.% Graphite Particulate Composites in Different Environments
Authors: SAXENA M. , MODI O. P. , YEGNESWARAN A. H. , ROHATGI P. K.
Published: May 2016

(fresh and used SAE‐40 oil at 150 °C, salt spray and salt immersion).
ChemInform Abstract: Some Properties of Iron(III) Selenite and Its Applications for the Determination of Thorium.
Authors: THIND P. S. , GANDHI J. S.
Published: May 2016

A new inorganic ion exchanger, (III), has been synthesized and its cation exchange capacity is determined to be 0.40 meq g‐1.
ChemInform Abstract: Effect of Entering and Leaving Groups on Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions at Silicon. An MO Approach.
Authors: DEITERS J. A. , HOLMES R. R.
Published: May 2016

MO calculations are carried out for the regular trigonal bipyramidal and square pyramidal conformations of (SiH3XY)‐ (I) (X: H, Y: H, OH, SH, Cl, F; and X: Cl, F, OH, SH, Y: Cl, F), where (I) is a proposed transition state for applicable nucleophilic substitution reactions at tetracoordinated Si.
ChemInform Abstract: The Use of ESR and ENDOR and TRIPLE Resonance Methods for Structural Elucidation. Isomeric 10,10‐Diphenylphenanthren‐9(10H)‐ones.
Authors: HEROLD B. J. , ROMAO M. J. , EMPIS J. M. A. , EVANS J. C. , ROWLANDS C. C.
Published: May 2016

A series of diphenylphenanthrenones (III) and (IV) is reduced by sodium films in dry oxygen‐free THF and the resulting paramagnetic solutions are examined by multiple resonance techniques.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereochemistry of Oxidation of 1,5,2,4,6,8‐Dithiatetrazocines. Preparation and Crystal Structures of ((Me2N)2C2N4S2Cl)+X‐ (X‐ = PF‐ 6, Cl3) and (Me2N)2C2N4S2(O)2(N(CF3)2)2.
Authors: BOERE R. T. , CORDES A. W. , CRAIG S. L. , OAKLEY R. T. , REED R. W.
Published: May 2016

Polar oxidation of the dithiatetrazocine (II) by Cl2, SO2Cl2, or iodobenzene dichloride leads to the trichloride salt (II) which can undergo anion exchange to give (III), showing discrete ions in its crystals.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,2‐Thiazines and Related Heterocycles. Part 4. The Mechanism and Periselectivity of the Cycloadditions of N‐Sulfinylaminoazines with 1,4‐Epoxy‐1,4‐dihydronaphthalenes.
Authors: HANSON P. , WREN S. A. C.
Published: May 2016

A kinetic investigation indicates that the cycloadditions of the various N‐sulfinylaminoazines (II) and (IV)‐(VII), reacting as heterodienes, to the epoxydihydronaphthalenes (I) are pericyclic.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereospecific Cross‐Coupling of Vinyl Halides with Vinyl Tin Reagents Catalyzed by Palladium.
Authors: STILLE J. K. , GROH B. L.
Published: May 2016

The Pd‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction of vinyl iodides (E)‐ (III), (VII) or (Z)‐ (V) with vinylstannanes (I), (II) or (VIII) yields stereoisomerically pure unsymmetrical dienes (IV), (VI) or (IX) with the same double bond geometry as present in the coupling partners.
ChemInform Abstract: Tertiary Amine Oxides. Part 8. Rearrangement of N‐(2,4‐Dinitrophenyl)‐piperidines and ‐morpholine N‐Oxides in Aprotic Solvents.
Authors: KHUTHIER A.‐H. , AL‐MALLAH K. Y. , HANNA S. Y.
Published: May 2016

The tert. amines (III) are oxidized to the tert. amine‐N‐oxides (IV), isolated together with 30‐40% of the rearranged products (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Spectroscopic Observation of Intramolecular Hydrogen Shifts in Carbenes.
Authors: MCMAHON R. J. , CHAPMAN O. L.
Published: May 2016

Triplet o‐tolylmethylene (II) decays thermally to singlet o‐xylylene (III) in an argon matrix at temp. as low as 4.6 K. The thermal intramolecular (1,4)‐hydrogen shift is observed directly by IR and UV spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of 1‐Naphthols by Lead Tetraacetate in Acetic Acid.
Authors: GREENLAND H. , PINHEY J. T. , STERNHELL S.
Published: May 2016

Pb(OAc)4 oxidation of the naphthol (Ia) gives the acetoxy derivative (Ib) and the diacetoxynaphthalenone (II) as main products.
ChemInform Abstract: A Stereoselective Synthesis of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones Involving the Reactions of Organocuprates with β‐Alkylthio α,β‐Enones.
Authors: DIETER R. K. , SILKS L. A. III
Published: May 2016

Effects on the reaction of the vinylogous thiol esters (I) and (VI) with the organocuprates (II) or (III) are investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Reverse Transmetalation: A Strategy for Obtaining Certain Otherwise Difficultly Accessible Organometallics.
Authors: EATON P. E. , CUNKLE G. T. , MARCHIORO G. , MARTIN R. M.
Published: May 2016

Treatment of the cubanecarboxamide (Ia) with the lithium piperidide (II) under equilibrating conditions gives only 3% of the lithium derivative (Ib).
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclopentenone Derivatives by Solvolysis of 2‐Furylidene Carbinols.
Authors: ANTONIOLETTI R. , DE MICO A. , PIANCATELLI G. , SCETTRI A. , URSINI O.
Published: May 2016

Solvolytic treatment of 2‐furylidene carbinols (I) and (III) leads to cyclopentenones (II) and (IV) in satisfactory yields only under carefully chosen experimental conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfur Pentafluoride Cyanate, F5S‐O‐CN.
Authors: SCHMUCK A. , SEPPELT K.
Published: May 2016

The (Z)‐isomer (IVa), prepared starting from compound (I), yields the title compound (V) on treatment with Hg.
ChemInform Abstract: Tobacco Smoke Chemistry. Part 1. A Chemical and Mass Spectrometric Study of Tobacco Smoke Alkyl 2‐Hydroxy‐2‐cyclopentenones.
Authors: ARNARP J. , ENZELL C. , PETERSSON K. , PETTERSSON T.
Published: May 2016

A series of 2‐hydroxy‐2‐cyclopentenones (III), (VI), (X)/(XI), which comprise biologically and organoleptically active compounds, are synthesized starting from the dinitrile (I) or the enol ethers (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of gem‐Dihalocyclopropanes. Part 22. Intramolecular Addition of Cyclopropylidenes to Aliphatic and Aromatic Double Bonds. A Synthesis of 2‐Alkenyltropones.
Authors: SKATTEBOL L. , NILSEN N. O. , MYHREN F.
Published: May 2016

The reaction of the gem‐dibromopropanes (I) (known compounds) or (V) with MeLi gives rise to intramolecular cycloaddition as well as ring opening to give allenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Decarboxylation of Bridgehead Carboxylic Acids by the Barton Procedure.
Authors: DELLA E. W. , TSANAKTSIDIS J.
Published: May 2016

Treatment of the diester (I) with half an equiv. of Ba(OH)2 in 80% aqueous methanol gives the monoester (II), which is transformed to the acid chloride (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Thiol Additions to Dissymmetrical 1,4‐Diarylsulfonyl‐2‐butynes ‐ Regioselectivity and Stereoselectivity.
Authors: THYAGARAJAN B. S. , WOOD B. F. JUN. , GLOWIENKA J. A.
Published: May 2016

The 1‐chloro‐4‐arylsulfonyl‐2‐butynes (I) are converted to the disulfonyl derivatives (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Four Isomeric 7‐Isopropyloctahydro‐4H‐inden‐4‐ones.
Authors: MATLIN A. R. , AGOSTA W. C.
Published: May 2016

The title isomers (VI) and (VII) can be prepared as shown in the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluoroindenes. Part 9. Preparation of Bromine Containing Polyfluoroindenes and Their Reaction with Oleum.
Authors: KARPOV V. M. , MEZHENKOVA T. V. , PLATONOV V. E. , YAKOBSON G. G.
Published: May 2016

The polyfluorinated indans (I) react with aluminum tribromide to give the bromo compounds (II) ‐ (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Conformationally Defined Adrenergic Agents. Part 4. 1‐(Aminomethyl)phthalans: Synthesis and Pharmacological Consequences of the Phthalan Ring Oxygen Atom.
Authors: DEBERNARDIS J. F. , ARENDSEN D. L. , KYNCL J. J. , KERKMAN D. J.
Published: May 2016

A series of aminomethylphthalans (V) and (X) is synthesized as outlined in the reaction scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Alkylation of 3‐Substituted 3‐Sulfolenes.
Authors: TAO Y.‐T. , LIU C.‐L. , LEE S.‐J. , CHOU S.‐S. P.
Published: May 2016

The anions, formed from the sulfolenes (Ia) and (Ib) by treatment with butyllithium, are methylated in 2‐position to yield the sulfolenes (IIa) and (IIb).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐Ketotetrahydrothiophene Derivatives.
Authors: ZAV'YALOV S. I. , DOROFEEVA O. V. , TAGANOVA O. K.
Published: May 2016

The 3‐ketotetrahydrothiophenecarboxylates (VII) are prepared by acylation of Meldrum's acid (I) with S‐acetylthioglycolic chloride (II), followed by alcoholysis and reaction with the aldehydes (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Pharmacological Activities of 2,3‐Dihydro‐1H‐pyrazolo‐(1,2‐a)indazolium Derivatives.
Authors: FUJIMURA Y. , SHIRAKI Y. , NAWATA Y. , MATSUNAGA J.
Published: May 2016

The title compounds (I) are synthesized from substituted indazoles by different reaction pathways.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusual Photoisomerization of a Cyclic Sulfonamide.
Authors: DOEPP D. + , KRUEGER C. + , LAUTERFELD P. , RAABE E.
Published: May 2016

Photoisomerization of the sulfonamide (Ia) gives the benzothiazole oxide (IIa) (space group Pbcn, Z = 8).
ChemInform Abstract: Radical Telomerization of Vinyltrimethylsilane with Substituted 1,3‐Dioxanes.
Authors: MAKAEVA R. M. , MUSAVIROV R. S. , TERENT'EV A. B.
Published: May 2016

The di‐tert‐butyl peroxide‐initialized reaction of 5,5‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxane (I) with the vinylsilane (II) produces the insertion products (III) and (IV), together with the ring cleavage products (V) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Lactam Acetals as Potential Enamine Synthons in Heterocyclic Synthesis. Part 3. The Sarcosinanhydride‐monolactamacetal System in Cycloaddition Reactions.
Authors: MOEHRLE H. + , DWULETZKI H.
Published: May 2016

The compound (I) is transformed to the acetal (II) (no yield given) which equilibrates with the electronically activated pyrazine (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Concave Building Block for the Synthesis of Organic Hosts.
Authors: SMEETS J. W. H. , SIJBESMA R. P. , NIELE F. G. M. , SPEK A. L. , SMEETS W. J. J. , NOLTE R. J. M.
Published: May 2016

Treatment of (I) with paraformaldehyde (II) and then with (III) yields the target compounds (IV), possessing a U‐like conformation with the phenyl substituents situated on the convex side of the molecule (X‐ray analysis of (IVa): space group P1 with Z=2).
ChemInform Abstract: Heterocyclic Seven‐Membered Ring Compounds. Part 30. Synthesis and Properties of 4‐Methoxy‐1,5‐benzothiazepine, a Simple Derivative of the 1,4‐Thiazepine Ring System.
Authors: HOFMANN H. , FISCHER H.
Published: May 2016

cis‐Addition of the aniline (I) to the acid (II) and subsequent cyclization with propanephosphonic acid anhydride gives rise to formation of the benzothiazepine (III) in 39% yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of the First Molecular η2‐Acetylene Complex of a 4f Transition Metal, (Me5C5)2Yb(η2‐MeCCMe).
Authors: BURNS C. J. , ANDERSEN R. A.
Published: May 2016

The title complex (II) is prepared quantitatively as shown.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Structural Form of Tin in an Oxygen‐Capped Cluster.
Authors: DAY R. O. , HOLMES J. M. , CHANDRASEKHAR V. , HOLMES R. R.
Published: May 2016

The reaction of diphenylphosphinic acid with n‐butylstannnoic acid yields a new structural form of tin in the cluster (I) (yield: 90%).
ChemInform Abstract: Ferromagnetic Behavior of (Fe(C5Me5)2)·+(TCNE).times± Structural and Magnetic Characterization of Decamethylferrocenium Tetracyanoethenide, (Fe(C5Me5)2)·+(TCNE).times±times.MeCN, and Decamethylferrocenium Pentacyanopropenide, (Fe(C5Me5)2)·+(C3(CN)5)‐.
Authors: MILLER J. S. , CALABRESE J. C. , ROMMELMANN H. , CHITTIPEDDI S. R. , ZHANG J. H. , REIFF W. M. , EPSTEIN A. J.
Published: May 2016

The reaction of Fe(C5Me5)2 and tetracyanoethylene, TCNE, leads to the isolation of the two title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: CC Linkages of Ethene with CO2 on an Iron(0) Complex ‐ Synthesis and Crystal Structure Analysis of ((PEt3)2Fe(C2H4)2).
Authors: HOBERG H. , JENNI K. , ANGERMUND K. , KRUEGER C. +
Published: May 2016

The Fe(0) title complex (II) is obtained as shown and characterized by X‐ray structure analysis (space group C2/c, Z=4).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Electrophilic Reactions of Chrysanthemic Acid Derivatives with Unsaturated Organosilanes. An Application to Synthesis of Modified Types of C15 and C20 Isoprenoids with Non‐Head‐to‐Tail Linkages.
Authors: OHNO M. , MATSUOKA S. , EGUCHI S.
Published: May 2016

Reaction of chrysanthemyl silyl ether (I) with the allylic silanes (II) in the presence of TiCl4 selectively forms the ring opening products (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Practical Routes to Two Functionalized Decalones for the Synthesis of Quassinoids.
Authors: ZIEGLER F. E. , HWANG K.‐J. , KADOW J. F. , KLEIN S. I. , PATI U. K. , WANG T.‐F.
Published: May 2016

(+)‐Cervone (I) is reduced and then coupled with the ketone (II) to give 6‐epi‐α‐cyperone (III) which is subjected to twofold lithium bronze reduction, yielding the alcohol (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Hypochlorite‐Promoted Transformations of Trichothecenes. Part 2. Fragmentation‐Rearrangement of the Primary Product from Verrucarol.
Authors: BURROWS E. P. , SZAFRANIEC L. L.
Published: May 2016

The hemiacetal (I), prepared from verrucarol on treatment with hypochlorite, reacts with sodium hydroxide to yield the products (IIa), (IIb), and (III) as a result of fragmentation and rearrangement.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Polyhydroxylated Amino Acids from Glucuronolactone: Enantiospecific Syntheses of (2S,3R,4R,5S)‐Trihydroxypipecolic Acid (VIIa), (2R,3R,4R,5S)‐Trihydroxypipecolic Acid (III) (2R,3R,4R)‐Dihydroxyproline (IV).
Authors: BASHYAL B. P. , CHOW H.‐F. , FELLOWS L. E. , FLEET G. W. J.
Published: May 2016

The acetonide (I), readily available from glucuronolactone, is transformed to its derivative (Ib).
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Stereoselective Diels‐Alder Based Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Podophyllotoxin.
Authors: MACDONALD D. I. , DURST T.
Published: May 2016

The carbamate (III), prepared from (I) and the isocyanate (II), is thermally cleaved to form an o‐quinodimethane which undergoes stereoselective intramolecular Diels‐Alder reaction, yielding (IVa) as the main product.
ChemInform Abstract: New Lumibleomycin‐Containing Thiazolylisothiazole Ring.
Authors: MORII T. , SAITO I. , MATSUURA T. , KUWAHARA J. , SUGIURA Y.
Published: May 2016

While photopeplomycin (Ib) is the main product of the photoisomerization of a 1:1 peplomycin (Ia)‐Cu2+ complex, a 1:5 (Ia)‐Cu2+ complex enhances the formation of the by‐product (Ic) (yield 30%).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,4‐Diaminocyclitol Antibiotics. Part 1. Synthesis of 4′‐Hydroxyfortimicin D.
Authors: KANAI K. , SAKAMOTO I. , MIYAMOTO Y. , OGAWA S. , SUAMI T.
Published: May 2016

The 4'‐hydroxy analogue (VII) of fortimicin D is synthesized as shown.
Role of isolated limb perfusion with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor α and melphalan in locally advanced extremity soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Jakob Jens , Hohenberger Peter
Published: May 2016

The management of locally advanced extremity soft tissue sarcoma of the limbs is challenging, particularly for recurrent tumors and those adjacent to neurovascular bundles and joints. Typically, the tumors are large, below the fascia, and high‐grade (T2b or stage III according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer) and thus require multimodal therapy. Treatment options must be tailored to patient and tumor characteristics. Isolated limb perfusion with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor α and melphalan (TNF‐ILP) adds a therapeutic option to radiation therapy (RT) and systemic chemotherapy. Although the procedure is somewhat sophisticated to learn, it is a safe method and has been used now for almost 2 decades at more than 50 centers worldwide. TNF‐ILP yields a high rate of complete or nearly complete pathologic tumor remission. In combination with surgical resection of the tumor remnant after isolated limb perfusion, the limb salvage rate is close to 90%. Often, patients can be spared adjuvant RT without long‐term local tumor control rates being compromised. Nevertheless, TNF‐ILP has never been compared with another treatment regimen in a randomized trial. This review summarizes the mode of action and standard application of TNF‐ILP and focuses on a critical discussion of the role of TNF‐ILP in the multimodal treatment of locally advanced primary and recurrent extremity sarcoma. Cancer 2016. © 2016 American Cancer Society. Cancer 2016;122:2624–2632. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Dopamine receptor polymorphism modulates the relation between antenatal maternal anxiety and fetal movement
Authors: Kaitz Marsha , Mankuta David , Rokem Ann Marie , Faraone Stephen
Published: May 2016

We determined whether the combination of fetal genotype (dopamine D4 receptor; DRD4) and mothers’ anxiety during pregnancy is associated with fetal behavior. Two hundred and six pregnant women underwent an ultrasound exam. Fetal movement measures (Movement Frequency, Total Activity, Movement Duration, and Longest Quiet Time) were derived from off‐line coding. A moderating role of the DRD4‐III polymorphism was found: Results indicate that higher levels of antenatal maternal anxiety symptoms were associated with more frequent fetal movements among fetuses carrying a 7R allele, but not among fetuses carrying shorter alleles. Total Activity did not show full moderation by DRD4, though the measure was correlated with maternal anxiety among fetuses in the Anxious Group with a 7R allele; not among fetuses without both factors. The findings provide the first evidence of a GXE interaction in association with fetal behavior. Results also demonstrate that some individuals are inherently more susceptible to uterine environmental influences than are others.
Reservoir Operation in View of Effective Utilization of Limited Water in Semi‐Arid Areas The Case of Gumsalasa Earthen Dam Irrigation Scheme in Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Hagos Eyasu Yazew , Schultz Bart , Depeweg Herman
Published: May 2016

Tigray is one of the semi‐arid and drought‐prone regions of Ethiopia. The rainfed agriculture is characterized by low productivity and the region faces an average annual cereal food deficit of 180 000 t. Realizing these problems, the regional government has been engaged in earthen dam irrigation development activities since 1995. So far 44 earthen dams with related irrigation facilities have been constructed.

The Gumsalasa earthen dam was constructed in 1995 with a reservoir capacity of 1.9 million m3, which irrigates about 67 ha. In Tigray the main irrigation season starts in January, which is four months after the end of the main rainy season. The reservoir is therefore exposed to evaporation during these four months. This demands formulation and implementation of an operational plan that can reduce losses and increase the benefits. In this regard, a change in reservoir operation from the present (January–June) to the proposed (September–January) has shown the possibility of increasing the irrigated area and the number of farmers. This indicates the potential of the proposed change to contribute towards regional food security if it is practised at existing and future earthen dam irrigation schemes in Tigray. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of enantiomerically pure [14C]‐labelled morpholine derivatives for a class of trace amine‐associate receptor 1 agonists
Authors: Edelmann Martin R. , Hartung Thomas , Trussardi René , Iding Hans , Galley Guido , Pflieger Philippe , Norcross Roger D.
Published: May 2016

Various agonists of the trace amine‐associate receptor 1, under consideration as potential clinical development candidates, were labelled with carbon‐14 for use in preclinical in vitro and in vivo drug metabolism studies. Herein, the [14C]‐radiosynthesis of 2‐phenyl‐substituted morpholines 1 is described. After evaluating and optimizing different synthetic routes, 4‐iodonitrobenzene 3 was selected as starting material for the 14‐step synthesis. Incorporation of carbon‐14 into the acetyl moiety allowed a safe and efficient synthesis of [14C]‐labelled 4‐nitroacetophenone 2 in five steps and 38% yield. Further transformation of 2 to the target compounds 1 was achieved in a 9‐step synthesis. In a representative example, [14C]‐labelled 1 was obtained in an overall yield of 11% and was isolated in >99% radiochemical purity and a specific activity of 47 mCi/mmol.
Benthic nitrogen regeneration, fixation, and denitrification in a temperate, eutrophic lake: Effects on the nitrogen budget and cyanobacteria blooms
Authors: McCarthy Mark J. , Gardner Wayne S. , Lehmann Moritz F. , Guindon Alexandre , Bird David F.
Published: May 2016

Nitrogen (N) transformations and fluxes at the sediment‐water interface (SWI) were measured in Missisquoi Bay, Lake Champlain, to clarify the role of N in cyanobacterial blooms in temperate, eutrophic lakes. N sources (e.g., N fixation and tributary inputs), sinks (e.g., denitrification/anammox), and internal “links” (e.g., dissimilatory
reduction to
; DNRA) were evaluated at a river discharge (PRM) and in the central basin (MB). Sediments were a more effective
sink at PRM than MB. Sediments at both sites were a net
source to the water column, but DNRA was not a consistent
regeneration pathway. Net N2 production at PRM in summer reversed to net N2 consumption/fixation in fall. MB sediments produced N2 at lower rates than PRM; these rates also reversed late in the season. Denitrification was limited by
, especially at MB, and anammox may have contributed up to 10% of total N2 production. Sediment N2 fixation occurred simultaneously with denitrification throughout the ice‐free season and, on average, compensated 25–30% of total microbial N losses. A bottom‐water hypoxia event at MB in early July 2009 altered the N cycle, with lower actual denitrification rates and higher
effluxes (not from DNRA), while phosphorus (P) flux was unaffected. The hypoxia‐altered N transformation pathways enhanced N bioavailability (but not P) and may have contributed to a non‐N‐fixing cyanobacterial bloom (Microcystis) observed 5 d later. A preliminary N budget incorporating sediment and water column sources and sinks and external loads suggested an ecosystem‐wide N deficit.
Climate change effects on crop evapotranspiration in the Carpathian Region from 1961 to 2010
Authors: Nistor Mărgărit‐Mircea , Gualtieri Alessandro F. , Cheval Sorin , Dezsi Ştefan , Boţan Vanessa Elena
Published: May 2016

In this study, the annual and seasonal crop evapotranspiration at the spatial level of the Carpathian Region were evaluated over 1961–2010. The temperature, precipitation and actual evapotranspiration grid monthly climate data and land cover were analysed and processed on a seasonal basis to compute the annual crop evapotranspiration. The land cover evapotranspiration rate was assigned through evapotranspiration coefficients from the literature. Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques, such as conversions from vector to raster data and the ‘Raster Calculator’ function, were used to assess the spatial distribution of the crop evapotranspiration at a regional scale.

In particular, two datasets from different periods (1961–1990 and 1990–2010) were used to compute the seasonal and annual crop evapotranspiration for the Carpathian region. The results of climate parameters indicate a rise in temperature and crop evapotranspiration values between the first and the second period. In addition, significant spatial changes were observed with a shift of maximum values from south to north.
A School Passport as Part of a Protocol to Assist Educational Reintegration After Medulloblastoma Treatment in Childhood
Authors: Tresman Rachel , Brown Morven , Fraser Faye , Skinner Roderick , Bailey Simon
Published: May 2016

Background

Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumour in children and is treated with a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. These children frequently experience long‐term cognitive, social and physical sequelae, which significantly affect school reintegration.

Aim

This study aimed to explore school‐return experiences to create a more structured school reintegration protocol for children postmedulloblastoma.

Methods

A cohort of nine patients who had completed treatment and for whom full neuropsychometric data were available was included in the study (median time since diagnosis 8 years). Data were collected using qualitative parental questionnaires, semistructured interviews with teachers (n = 12) and healthcare professionals (HCPs) (n = 6) involved in their school reintegration. Thematic analysis was employed. A focus group with five HCPs was then used for data validation.

Results

This study uncovered the following four main subjects: (1) Information sharing; (2) education and empowerment (of educational professionals (EP) and parents); (3) communication between parents, HCPs and EPs; and (4) long‐term difficulties.

Discussion

Implementation of a standardised protocol delivered within the structure of a school passport document would aid uniform follow‐up. The proposed multistage protocol includes early communication and reintegration planning followed by meetings at school re‐entry. Follow‐up meetings are suggested to reduce information loss and reassess the child's needs. Hospital support at school transitions, inclusion of school data in long‐term clinical follow‐up and long‐term rehabilitation are also recommended. Each stage would be supported by school passport documentation and would facilitate school and parental empowerment, paramount to the long‐term sustainability of successful schooling.