bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ONE OF THE TWO LITERARY WORKS OF FEMALE AUTHORS IN GEORGIA
Authors: Burchuladze Khatuna
Published: December 2024

General Background: The role of female authors in Georgian literature has been pivotal in reflecting and shaping societal norms and cultural narratives. Despite their significant contributions, many female writers have been historically marginalized, with limited recognition of their literary and feminist endeavors. Specific Background: Prominent Georgian female poets and writers, such as Borena Dedofli, Vominia Beridze, Dominika Eristavi, Ekaterine Gabashvili, and Safo Mgeladze, have produced works that intertwine personal emotions with broader societal issues. Their literary creations, often influenced by folk poetry and romanticism, highlight themes of women's rights, social justice, and national identity, yet many of their works remain underexplored or lost. Knowledge Gap: There is a scarcity of comprehensive studies that examine the collective impact of these female authors on Georgian literature and feminist movements. Additionally, the interplay between their literary output and the socio-political context of their times has not been thoroughly investigated. Aims: This study aims to explore the origins and development of female creativity in Georgian literature, highlighting the contributions of key female authors and their influence on both literary traditions and feminist discourse in Georgia. Results: The research uncovers how these female authors navigated and challenged patriarchal structures through their literary works. It highlights Borena Dedofli’s early poetic expressions, Dominika Eristavi’s pioneering feminist writings, and Safo Mgeladze’s advocacy for women’s rights, demonstrating their resilience and creative prowess despite societal constraints. Novelty: This study uniquely integrates archival materials, personal letters, and literary analyses to provide a nuanced understanding of Georgian female authors' contributions. It sheds light on previously overlooked works and contextualizes their literary achievements within the broader feminist movement. Implications: The findings emphasize the importance of recognizing and preserving the legacy of Georgian female authors in literary studies and feminist history. By highlighting their contributions, the study advocates for greater inclusion of women’s voices in the canon of Georgian literature, inspiring future research and promoting gender equality in literary scholarship.
STONE AGE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF FERGANA VALLEY
Authors: Turdikhojhayeva Mahliyo
Published: December 2024

The historiography of Stone Age archaeology, particularly in the context of the Ferghana Valley, remains underexplored despite its rich archaeological potential. Specific Background: This study critically examines the contributions of Ferghana archaeologists, providing a comparative analysis of their research methodologies and findings. Knowledge Gap: Existing literature lacks a comprehensive synthesis of modern archaeological excavations and their implications for understanding the Mesolithic settlements in this region. Aims: The primary aim of this article is to illuminate the archaeological significance of Stone Age monuments in the Ferghana Valley and to contextualize recent discoveries within the broader framework of Mesolithic studies. Results: The findings reveal a substantial concentration of Mesolithic sites in the Ferghana Valley, underscoring the area's importance for understanding human habitation and cultural development during this period. Novelty: This article presents new insights into the spatial organization and settlement patterns of Mesolithic communities, which have been inadequately addressed in previous research. Implications: The implications of this study extend to enhancing our understanding of early human societies in Central Asia and contribute to the global discourse on Stone Age archaeology, highlighting the need for continued research in underrepresented regions.
FEATURES OF MIGRATION FLOWS OF KOREANS TO RUSSIA IN THE 19TH CENTURY: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Ravshanovna Shodieva Vazira
Published: December 2024

This article examines the characteristics of Korean migration to the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Based on the analysis of historical sources and modern research, the main quantitative and qualitative characteristics of migration flows, reasons for resettlement, and the impact of this process on the socio-economic development of the Russian Far East are identified.
DIGITALIZATION OF THE COURT SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Pulatovich Komolov Dilshod
Published: December 2024

Objective: This article explores the digitalization of the judicial system in the Republic of Uzbekistan, focusing on its stages, the enhancement of judges' IT knowledge, and the integration of information technologies to improve judicial transparency and efficiency. Methods: The study employs widely accepted research methods including objectivity, historical analysis, comparative-logical analysis, and chronological sequence principles to examine the ongoing transformation. Results: The digitization process, exemplified by the "Adolat" information systems complex, has significantly improved judicial operations. Through this system, various stakeholders, including state authorities, local government bodies, and lawyers, can submit and monitor claims electronically, enabling online court proceedings and automatic generation of court documents. This process enhances the transparency, speed, and accessibility of the judicial system. Novelty: The article highlights the innovative use of digital technologies in judge selection, training, and appointment, ensuring impartiality and promoting transparency in judicial evaluations. The integration of information systems between state bodies and the judiciary has led to increased efficiency in the justice system. The findings underscore the transformative potential of digitalization in meeting the demands of modern justice, improving public satisfaction, and ensuring the independence and fairness of the judicial process.
THE ROLE OF CREATIVE WRITERS IN THE INTEGRATION OF THE CULTURAL FIELD IN THE NEW UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Uktamovich Bokiyev Baxrom
Published: December 2024

Objective: This article investigates the contributions of creative intellectuals in Uzbekistan during the years of independence, focusing on their work in higher education, historical research, and responses to globalization challenges. Methods: Using a qualitative approach, this study examines policy transformations, intellectual achievements, and institutional reforms in education, emphasizing the shift from authoritarian ideologies to democratic principles. Results: Findings reveal that educational and cultural reforms in Uzbekistan have fostered an environment supportive of intellectual freedom, where state institutions increasingly prioritize public service and human development. Additionally, creative intellectuals’ involvement in international collaborations has expanded, leading to greater cultural exchange and global visibility. Novelty: This study highlights the significant departure from Soviet-influenced historiography toward an objective, historically accurate framework for understanding Uzbekistan’s past. Educational materials, now free from ideological biases, have become tools for nurturing well-rounded individuals, reflecting Uzbekistan's progress in establishing a democratic, citizen-focused state.
THE DEMOCRATIC DEVELOPMENT 0F NEW UZBEKISTAN AND TRANSFORMATIONS IN ETHNIC CONSCIOUSNESS
Authors: Dusmuratovich Narkulov Sukhrob , Saidikramovna Umarova Farida
Published: December 2024

General Background: The article explores the political modernization of Uzbekistan during its current phase of democratic transformation. Specific Background: Under President Shavkat Mirziyoyev’s leadership, Uzbekistan has embarked on significant reforms aimed at aligning governance with democratic values and addressing ethnic consciousness. Knowledge Gap: While political modernization in post-autocratic societies is often analyzed, little focus has been given to Uzbekistan's specific context, particularly regarding its blend of Eastern evolutionary reform and Western democratic ideals. Aims: This study aims to examine Uzbekistan's approach to modernization, assessing its impact on national consciousness, ethnic identity, and democratic values. Results: Findings reveal that Uzbekistan’s approach to democratic transformation emphasizes gradual, socially attuned reform rather than abrupt change, fostering a sense of national identity that aligns with peace, cooperation, and open governance. Novelty: This research introduces a unique perspective on Uzbekistan’s modernization, merging Eastern gradualism with democratic principles, which reflects an evolving socio-political consciousness. Implications: The study provides valuable insights for understanding political transformation in post-autocratic societies, highlighting a model that prioritizes institutional reform, public accountability, and a deepening of democratic values integrated into daily life.
THE PLACE AND ROLE OF TIME IN HUMAN ACTIVITY
Authors: Norkulov D.T.
Published: December 2024

Background: Time is a crucial but usually underappreciated aspect of human life and societal development. It has an impact on many aspects of society and serves as both a change indicator and a regulator of human behavior. Specific Background: Despite the fact that societies usually divide time into "working" and "non-working" periods, efficient time management in both areas significantly affects productivity and personal development. Knowledge Gap: While previous research has looked at the social and economic aspects of working hours, less attention has been paid to the overall impacts of time on people's well-being and the development of society at large. The goal of this research is to examine the several ways that time functions in society, with an emphasis on how it affects awareness, work habits, and the advancement of civilization. Findings: The findings show a strong relationship between effective use of working and non-working time and social efficiency, personal motivation, and conformity to the demands of modern society. Numerous elements, such as financial incentives, organizational structure, and individual accountability, further moderate this link. Uniqueness: This research provides a conceptual framework for analyzing "social time," integrating perspectives from the domains of economics, sociopolitics, and culture. Implications: These findings highlight the need for legislation that encourages effective time management, reiterating that good time management can benefit society and increase personal satisfaction.
NECESSITY OF FORMATION OF SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL THINKING OF YOUTH IN YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE
Authors: Ruzimuratovna Ochilov Nigor
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aims to explore the role of young people in the formation and development of civil society, particularly in the context of democratic reforms and the cultivation of democratic values. Methods: The research utilizes a qualitative approach, analyzing the attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors of young individuals toward democratic processes and societal transformation. Data were collected through surveys and interviews, focusing on their understanding of democratic principles, self-awareness, civic engagement, and political participation. Results: The findings indicate that young people demonstrate a strong desire to contribute to the development of civil society. They exhibit a deep understanding of democratic reforms, a willingness to engage in new social relationships, and an evolving historical and political consciousness. Furthermore, there is a notable increase in self-confidence and a growing sense of civic responsibility, reflecting the positive outcomes of democratic changes within society. Novelty: This study highlights the emerging role of youth as active participants in the democratization process, suggesting that their involvement is a crucial factor for the successful implementation of democratic reforms and societal progress. The research contributes to understanding the relationship between youth development and political transformation in contemporary societies.
LOW CONVICTION RATES IN CRIMES AGAINST WOMEN: ANALYZING PAKISTAN’S INVESTIGATIVE CHALLENGES
Authors: Qayyum Gondal Abdul , Hatta Zulkarnan , Ahmad Matloob
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study examines the low conviction rates in Violence Against Women (VAW) cases in Pakistan, highlighting systemic, social, and legal challenges undermining justice delivery. Method: A qualitative approach was used to analyze legal, social, and institutional factors affecting conviction rates. Fieldwork conducted in Gujranwala, Pakistan (January–April 2023), gathered insights from law enforcement, prosecutors, and victims to capture the complexities of the criminal justice process.  Results:  The findings reveal systemic flaws, including outdated investigation protocols, insufficient forensic tools, and pervasive corruption. Patriarchal norms, judicial delays, and limited victim protection services exacerbate the issue. Institutional inefficiencies, such as untrained police officers and inadequate coordination among stakeholders, weaken prosecutions, while legal loopholes in Qisas and Diyat laws allow offenders to evade justice. Novelty: This study underscores the interplay between cultural norms and institutional inadequacies in perpetuating low conviction rates for VAW in Pakistan. It provides comparative insights with neighboring countries and proposes reforms to modernize investigation procedures and strengthen victim support mechanisms.
BARANAK SOUNDS ELECTRONIC AND POST ROCK MUSIC COMPOSITIONS ORIGINATING FROM ORNAMENTATION TECHNIQUES ON TALEMPONG AND SALUANG MINANGKABAU INSTRUMENTS
Authors: Gugat Avant Garde Dewa , Rafiloza Rafiloza
Published: December 2024

Beauty is not always manifested through form, but can be through intent, purpose or expression. Sound of Baranak is a musical composition resulting from the artist's reinterpretation of the ornamentation technique present in Minangkabau traditional music. Musical expression, imagination, musicality, and empiricism are the main keys in the presence of ornamentation. This work is worked on into two repertoires, namely recognize sound and recognize baranak, the two repertoires are worked on with two different musical genres, where the first repertoire the artist chooses the experimental electro genre as a musical expression in order to enrich the processing of compository aspects both from tone variants and rhythm patterns to changes in sound color. Bunyi Baranak is an expression resulting from the reinterpretation of various ornamentation terms in traditional Minangkabau music playing techniques. Ornamentation is a decoration or variation on a work of art with the aim of beautifying it. In traditional Minangkabau musical arts, ornamentation is often present in repetitive repertoire such as talempong pacik, gandang tambua, and saluang dendang. The artist re-dissected the things that underlie the presence of ornamentation in traditional Minangkabau musical arts and then discovered the musical expression, awareness and musicality of traditional arts practitioners. two repertoires, namely Kenali Bunyi and Kenali Baranak, which were worked on the experimental electro and Post Rock music genres.
CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEFENSE FUND BY SCHOOLS OF KHORAZM REGION
Authors: Yuldashevich Allaberganov Sherali
Published: December 2024

This article provides information about clothing, food, and money collected by residents of the republic, employees of the education system, and schoolchildren, to war-ravaged territories, to the front, and to create a defense fund. Since the beginning of the war in June 1941, the population that had not gone to the front was struggling with all their might, they worked diligently, providing food, clothing and housing to evacuated residents of the entire Soviet Union.  Thanks to this, our people have become an example for the peoples of the whole world with their tolerance and hospitality.
FORMATION OF CREATIVE ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS BASED ON STEAM APPROACH IN TEACHING CHEMISTRY
Authors: F.A., Alimova , H., Askaralieva
Published: December 2024

This article discusses the methodology for organizing classes based on the STEAM approach to teaching chemistry. STEAM learning is an innovative methodology that represents a full-fledged systematic education, including the study of natural sciences together with engineering, technology, art and mathematics. Based on this technology, it is also possible to realize the creative ideas of students in educational institutions when studying the basics of chemistry.
HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT AND SUPPORT STRATEGY IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Jumaboyevich Hojiyev Farhod
Published: December 2024

General Background: Human capital development is a critical factor for national growth and competitiveness, influencing various sectors such as education and healthcare. Global approaches to human capital development offer diverse strategies and frameworks that can be adapted to national contexts. Specific Background: This article examines the global strategies for human capital development, with a particular focus on Uzbekistan's approach. It reviews the strategic goals and tasks outlined by Uzbekistan, especially in relation to its 2030 vision, and assesses their application across key sectors including education and healthcare. Knowledge Gap: Despite extensive research on global human capital development strategies, there is a limited understanding of how specific national strategies, such as those of Uzbekistan, are operationalized and their effectiveness in addressing sector-specific challenges. Aims: The primary aim of this article is to analyze and evaluate the global approaches to human capital development, assess the strategic goals and tasks adopted by Uzbekistan, and explore their implementation and impact across various sectors. Results: The analysis reveals that Uzbekistan’s human capital development strategy, as outlined in the Uzbekistan-2030 plan, prioritizes key areas such as education and healthcare. The implementation of these strategies has shown significant progress, although challenges remain in fully realizing their potential across all sectors. Novelty: This article provides a detailed evaluation of Uzbekistan’s human capital development strategy within the context of global approaches, offering new insights into the effectiveness of sector-specific implementations and their alignment with broader strategic goals. Implications: The findings underscore the importance of targeted human capital development strategies in achieving national growth objectives. They highlight the need for ongoing assessment and adaptation of strategies to ensure that they effectively address sectoral needs and contribute to the broader goals outlined in national development plans.
SOCIAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGY
Authors: Sayfullayevich Mansurov Abdulla
Published: December 2024

The article explores the concept of social management strategy, which involves structured approaches to addressing social challenges and promoting social welfare. It highlights the essential components of these strategies, including vision setting, stakeholder engagement, policy development, resource allocation, and community participation. The article also differentiates between government-led, corporate (CSR), and NGO-driven strategies, discussing their unique roles in fostering societal improvement. Furthermore, the challenges of implementing social management strategies—such as resource limitations, political instability, and data constraints—are examined. Overall, it emphasizes the importance of sustainable, data-driven strategies in achieving long-term social development.
ECONOMIC-SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND URBANIZATION DURING THE SOVIET ADMINISTRATION (EXAMPLE OF BUKHARA CITY)
Authors: Zakirovna Hayotova Nafisa
Published: December 2024

This article provides information about the development of economic and social infrastructure in the city of Bukhara during the Soviet government. Mainly during the war, the relocation of many factories and factories from the front zone to Bukhara created new opportunities for the expansion of the city's infrastructure and the development of industrial sectors. The article discusses the impact of these enterprises on the city structure, the construction of new housing and transport networks, and urbanistic changes. Also, the role and importance of Bukhara in the framework of the Soviet urban policy will be considered. The article aims to shed light on how it influenced the industrial development and urban development processes during the Soviet government.
THE ROLE OF DAYAH BABUL HUDA IN RELIGIOUS DEVELOPMENT IN COMMUNITIES IN JAYA DISTRICT ACEH JAYA DISTRICT
Authors: Isa M. , Azmi Ulil , Baihaqi T.
Published: December 2024

In fostering religious education in the community in Jaya District, Aceh Jaya Regency, Dayah Babul Huda continues to strive to play its important role in increasing religious awareness and understanding in the community through preaching and education. However, to optimize the coaching program, strategic steps are needed, such as improving facilities and infrastructure, stronger financial support, and adjusting learning methods to be more relevant to current developments. This research method uses qualitative research with a field research approach. The data sources are the leaders of Islamic boarding schools and local community leaders. The results of the study show that 1). The role of Dayah Babul Huda in increasing religious awareness and understanding of the community in Jaya District, Aceh Jaya Regency is very significant. With a structured religious education program, consistent preaching, and spiritual guidance provided, Dayah Babul Huda has succeeded in fostering the community to better understand and practice Islamic teachings. 2). The challenges faced by Dayah Babul Huda in providing religious guidance to the community include limited physical facilities, differences in the level of community understanding, the influence of technology and social change, limited number of teachers, and financial constraints
KITABUTTURAS LEARNING SYSTEM AT BAITUSSABRI SALAFI DAYAH LAMBRO DEYAH VILLAGE, SUB DISTRICT KUTA BARO ACEH BESAR DISTRICT
Authors: Hadi Abdul , Miswar Miswar , Hasymi M. Ali
Published: December 2024

The Kitabutturas learning system at Dayah Salafi Baitussabri is running well thanks to strong support from the quality of the teachers, the motivation of the students, and the religious environment of the Islamic boarding school. However, there are several obstacles that need to be overcome, such as language difficulty, limited facilities, and differences in the educational background of the students. The method in this research is to use qualitative research with a field research approach. The results of the study showed that 1). The Kitabutturas learning system applied at Dayah Salafi Baitussabri, Lambro Deyah Village, Kuta Baro Sub District, Aceh Besar District is implemented through the traditional bandongan and sorogan methods, which are effective in teaching in-depth understanding of various Islamic disciplines, such as fiqh, tauhid, and tasawuf. Learning takes place intensively every day with a tight schedule. Although this method is successful in improving students' understanding of religion, the challenges faced include difficulty in understanding classical Arabic and limited facilities that support the learning process. 2). Supporting and inhibiting factors in the Kitabutturas learning system at Dayah Salafi Baitussabri, Lambro Deyah Village, Kuta Baro Sub District, Aceh Besar District are supporting factors in the Kitabutturas learning system at Dayah Salafi Baitussabri include the quality and commitment of teachers, motivation and discipline of students, and a religious pesantren environment. The bandongan and sorogan methods have proven effective in guiding students to understand religious texts. However, the challenges faced include difficulties in understanding classical Arabic, limited educational facilities, and differences in the educational backgrounds of the students. Despite these obstacles, the strong commitment of the teachers and students ensures that the learning process continues to run well.
THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION TEACHERS IN IMPROVING STUDENTS' LEARNING MOTIVATION AT MTSS LAM UJONG ACEH BESAR
Authors: Hadi Abdul , Miswar Miswar , Gadeng Banta
Published: December 2024

Islamic Religious Education teachers at MTsS Lam Ujong play a key role in increasing students' learning motivation. Through inspiring teaching, providing real examples, and moral and spiritual support, Islamic Religious Education teachers help create a generation of students who are not only academically intelligent, but also strong in religious and moral values. This research is a qualitative. The approach used in this research is a field research approach. The research results show that 1). The role of Islamic Religious Education teachers in increasing students' learning motivation at MTsS Lam Ujong Aceh Besar is that PAI teachers play an important role in building students' learning motivation through a holistic approach. Islamic Religious Education teachers not only teach religious material, but also become moral guides and inspirators who motivate students emotionally and spiritually. Factors such as varied teaching methods, good relationships between teachers and students, and support from the school environment and family, greatly influence the effectiveness of the teacher's role in improving students' learning motivation and 2). Factors that influence the effectiveness of the role of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in improving students' learning motivation at MTsS Lam Ujong Aceh Besar are that the effectiveness is influenced by several main factors, such as the quality of teacher-student relationships, varied teaching methods, teacher competence and skills, and support from family and the school environment. In addition, the availability of adequate facilities and infrastructure and the psychological condition of students also play an important role in determining the extent to which PAI teachers can motivate students to learn optimally.
NEW APPROACHES TO ORGANIZING RARE BOOKS EXHIBITIONS IN MUSEUMS AROUND THE WORLD
Authors: Azimova Ganjina
Published: December 2024

General Background: Museums play a crucial role in preserving cultural heritage and enhancing public engagement with historical artifacts. Specific Background: Recent advancements in exhibition design and curation have transformed traditional museum practices, enabling more interactive and immersive experiences for visitors. Knowledge Gap: Despite the growing body of literature on innovative exhibition methods, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis regarding their effectiveness and the integration of rare books into these contemporary practices. Aims: This study aims to evaluate new approaches to exhibition organization in museums worldwide, focusing specifically on the incorporation of rare books as a central element of these exhibitions. Results: Our findings indicate that museums implementing interactive and thematic frameworks not only improve visitor engagement but also enhance the educational value of rare books displayed. Case studies from various institutions reveal diverse strategies that effectively highlight the significance of these artifacts. Novelty: This research contributes to the discourse on museum studies by providing a systematic overview of innovative exhibition methodologies, particularly emphasizing the role of rare books in enhancing cultural narratives. Implications: The insights gleaned from this study can inform museum curators and educators about best practices in exhibition design, potentially leading to increased visitor interest and greater appreciation of rare literary works. By bridging the gap between traditional and modern curation techniques, museums can foster deeper connections with their audiences, ultimately enriching the cultural landscape.
THE KARASKAN SAYYIDS OF FERGHANA: AN ARCHIVAL EXPLORATION OF A SAINTLY FAMILY
Authors: Maftuna Mirzaeva
Published: December 2024

Saintly families played a crucial role in the socio-political life of Central Asia, making their study an innovative direction in family studies within the region. The archives of these saintly families have been explored through examples of some well-known families. The main problem in this study is exploration of Karaskan sayyids archive. This work focuses on the Karaskan sayyids, a prominent sayyid family in the Ferghana valley, with a particular emphasis on their family archive. At present, only a part of the family’s documents, specifically copies, have been examined. My research aims to delve into the historical documents related to this family, which are dispersed across various locations. The fate of the Karaskan sayyids post-19th century remains largely unknown, a gap that has not been addressed in the limited studies available on this family. By meticulously analyzing these documents, my project seeks to reconstruct the family archive and illuminate the subsequent history of the Karaskan sayyids. This study not only contributes to our understanding of the socio-political dynamics of Central Asia but also highlights the significance of archival research in uncovering the histories of influential families. Finding of the research provide a clearer picture of the Karaskan sayyids’ archive and their impact on the region.
THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF TRAINING SPECIALISTS FOR THE PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM ON THE BASIS OF DUAL EDUCATION
Authors: Qizi Masharipova Barno Erkin
Published: December 2024

General Background: The training of specialists in the preschool education system is crucial for ensuring high-quality early childhood education, which significantly impacts children's development and learning outcomes. Specific Background: The dual education system, which combines theoretical learning with practical experience, has emerged as an effective approach for preparing educators. However, its application in preschool education remains underexplored, particularly in the context of engineering-pedagogy. Knowledge Gap: Despite the recognized benefits of dual education, there is a lack of comprehensive studies examining its theoretical principles and organizational frameworks within preschool education, leaving a gap in understanding how this approach can enhance the training of preschool educators. Aims: This article aims to elucidate the theoretical foundations and principles of training specialists for the preschool education system based on the dual education model, highlighting its relevance and effectiveness. Results: The findings suggest that the dual education system fosters a more integrated learning experience, enabling educators to apply theoretical knowledge in practical settings, thereby enhancing their pedagogical competencies. Novelty: This research introduces a conceptual framework for the dual education model specifically tailored for preschool education, emphasizing its unique contributions to developing skilled educators equipped to meet the diverse needs of young learners. Implications: The implications of this study advocate for the integration of dual education principles in preschool teacher training programs, encouraging educational institutions to adopt this model to improve training outcomes and ultimately enrich the quality of early childhood education.
THE GAME SYSTEM OF PRE-SCHOOL H A EDUCATION BERIS H STRATEGY
Authors: Rustamova M.E.
Published: December 2024

General Background: Play is fundamental to children's development, encompassing physical, mental, social, and emotional health. It serves as a critical avenue for fostering overall well-being and prosperity in early childhood education. Specific Background: Despite the recognized importance of play, many children, especially those from deprived backgrounds, face barriers that hinder their access to play opportunities. This lack of engagement can lead to significant social and emotional challenges as they grow.
Knowledge Gap: Existing research has often overlooked the interplay between play and the various dimensions of child development, particularly in the context of preschool education. There is a need for a deeper understanding of how play strategies can be systematically integrated into educational frameworks to enhance developmental outcomes. Aims: This study aims to investigate the game system of preschool education, focusing on the implementation of a H A (Holistic Approach) education strategy that prioritizes play as a central learning tool. Results: Findings reveal that integrating a structured play-based approach significantly improves children's physical, mental, social, and emotional skills, offering them better coping mechanisms for future challenges. Novelty: This research introduces a comprehensive framework for incorporating play into preschool curricula, highlighting its multifaceted benefits and the necessity of creating inclusive environments that support play for all children. Implications: The implications of this study are profound, suggesting that educational policymakers and practitioners should prioritize play in preschool settings to foster holistic development, particularly for marginalized populations. This approach not only enhances individual child outcomes but also contributes to the development of resilient communities.
THE IMPACT OF SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING ON STUDENTS' THINKING ABILITIES: A LITERATURE ANALYSIS
Authors: Artikovna Vafaeva Dilafruz
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the importance of pedagogical interactive methods in organizing independent work of students in the higher education system. Attention is paid to the analysis of literature on increasing the effectiveness of lectures and practical classes using interactive methods
THE ROLE OF KINSHIP RELATIONS IN THE LIFE OF SURKHAN OASIS RESIDENTS
Authors: Rustamovich Buriyev Ravshan
Published: December 2024

In this article, the relatives of the residents of the Surkhan oasis and the related values are analyzed ethnographically.
ELECTROMECHANICAL PRESSURE SENSORS BASED ON GRAPHENE: A REVIEW
Authors: Al-mashaal Asaad K. Edaan
Published: December 2024

Objective: This review explores the potential of graphene, a two-dimensional carbon allotrope, in revolutionizing pressure sensors. Graphene's exceptional electrical and mechanical properties enable significant advancements in sensitivity, dynamic range, response time, and flexibility, addressing limitations in traditional sensor technologies. Methods: The study examines the fundamental mechanisms of graphene-based pressure sensors, including piezoresistive, capacitive, and field-effect transistor (FET) mechanisms. A comparative analysis of conventional materials such as piezoelectric, metallic, silicon, and polymer-based materials is conducted to highlight their strengths and limitations. The integration of nanomaterials, particularly graphene, into sensor designs is reviewed, emphasizing their contributions to enhanced sensor performance. Results: Graphene-based sensors demonstrate superior sensitivity and miniaturization capabilities due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, tunable electrical conductivities, and mechanical resilience. Emerging applications in healthcare, electronics, and robotics validate the transformative impact of graphene on sensor technologies. Novelty: This review underscores the unique advantages of graphene over traditional materials, emphasizing its potential to address challenges related to sensitivity, response time, and durability in extreme conditions. Future research directions are proposed to overcome existing limitations and expand the scope of graphene-based sensors across diverse industries.
MOTORCYCLE SAFETY PARKING SYSTEM AT HOME WITH ARDUINO-BASED BLUETOOTH APPLICATION
Authors: Syamsudduha Syahrorini
Published: December 2024

The community feels that security at this time is not conducive, a lot of theft, robbery and robbery of motorbikes, and resulting in material losses for certain people is considered large. The increasing needs of the community in using safety devices on motorbikes, this has led to the creation of safety devices on motorbikes. This security system uses two microcontrollers that are interconnected by using Bluetooth. Bluetooth will detect a connection between the motorcycle and the house, this connection will continuously issue a signal and disconnected if the motorcycle and the house are not connected. Then the disconnection will be used as input data by the microcontroller and processed, so as to make the alarm sound and the electric motorcycle dies. Then there is a notification via SMS to the owner according to the time period that has been set in the program which is five seconds.
THE PROCESS OF PROCURING GOODS AND SERVICES USING THE TENDER METHOD AT THE LOGISTICS DIVISION ON THE HEAD OFFICE OF PT BRI ASURANSI INDONESIA JAKARTA
Authors: Dewi Nadira Sandra , Budiatmo Agung
Published: December 2024

Tender procurement is an activity that is carried out openly to meet the demand for needs within a company by considering considerations in terms of quality, quantity, delivery time, as well as price and is usually used for procurement in large quantities and values which are also complex. The aim of this research is to determine the process of procuring goods and services using the tender method and the obstacles in implementing the procurement process using the tender method at PT. BRI Asuransi Indonesia Head Office Jakarta. This research uses a descriptive qualitative research method using data collection techniques, namely interviews, observation and documentation, then obtaining data sources from primary data and secondary data which are processed using data analysis techniques through reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions as well as applying triangulation of source data and time. The results of this research indicate that the implementation of the procurement process using the tender method at PT. BRI Asuransi Indonesia Jakarta Head Office has complex procedures and is guided by the procedures stated in the decision letter. The stages start from the distribution of announcements, the analysis process, document collection, document assessment, clarification and negotiation, announcement of winners, to the issuance of purchase order documents and work orders. The process of tender procurement has not been carried out effectively because there are still obstacles found in the process, namely (1) there is a process that is carried out manually and (2) the length of time for the process of making agreement documents. The company can overcome these obstacles by implementing an e-procurement system to speed up the process, accompanied by providing outreach regarding how to use it and then also improving coordination between the compliance and risk management division and the legal team related to creating applicable document templates to save inspection time.Keywords : Process, Procurement, Tender.
SYNTHESIS OF POLY ORTHO BROMO ANILINE AND STUDY ITS APPLICATION
Authors: Shabeeb Ghufran Mohammad , Haider Abdulelah
Published: December 2024

After producing poly orthobromo aniline, FT-IR spectroscopy was used to investigate its structure. We examined the optical and electrical characteristics of poly-o-bromo aniline (o-BrAn) in this work. O-bromoaniline/Ag, an original polymer, has been combined. Several techniques, including FT-IR spectroscopy and UV-visible spectra, have been employed for analyzing the mixer. The nonlinear changes in voltage and current are demonstrated by the I-V characteristics.The conductivity values ranged from o-BrAnp is  5.6×10-8 S/cm , but at o-BrAn/Ag0.25   is 3.1×10-7 S/cm. Since the conductivity value of the material is in the range of semiconductor, it can be used in the field of organic semiconductors.
DETERMINATION OF ONLINE LEARNING WITH IT AVAILABILITY AS MODERATING VARIABLE
Authors: Afridah Naylatul , Prasojo Bayu Hari , Biduri Sarwendah
Published: December 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of hybrid learning implementation, attitudes and acceptance behavior of accounting study students on online learning with introductory accounting courses supported by the availability of technology carried out during the covid-19 pandemic. This research method used a quantitative approach with primary data obtained through data collection techniques for distributing questionnaires to a sample of students. The data was tested using the SEMPLS 3.0 application. The results showed that the implementation of hybrid learning had an effect on online learning in introductory accounting courses, which was supported by the availability of technology. However, the results of the research on the attitude and acceptance behavior of accounting study program students did not affect online learning in introductory accounting courses which were supported by the availability of technology.
CORRELATION OF PROBLEMATIC SMARTPHONE USE AND TEXT NECK SYNDROME AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Aljwary Bashar J , Alyouzbaki Farouk M
Published: December 2024

Background: The daily use of smartphone devices is increasing worldwide. It can affect personal relationships  mental and physical health state. Neck Pain take a great deal on daily health care practice. Neck pain is considered a fourth leading cause of disability. Aim: To investigate the relationship between addiction to smartphone usage and self-reported neck pain, and to assess the predictive factors of the smartphone addiction among university students to better understand this relationship. Objective : To evaluate the association of neck pain with smartphone use and their usage duration among  students  of Mosul University , and correlate its use with neck pain. Method: The study examined 164 healthy students of nursing college in Mosul University by random table sampling, in the age group of 20-25 years. They were given self-administered, pre-tested questionnaire which include various mental and physical health symptoms related to smart phone usage and fill a questionnaires of Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), Neck Disability Index (NDI).   Spearman correlation coefficient was used to correlate between the SAS and NDI.  Result: Most of students (61.2%)  are regular users of smartphones.47.6%had no neck pain, There is an association between SAS&NDI in male students, and there is high  association of type of device use& NDI with female gender. Conclusions: The excessive use of smart phones has health related problems, more specifically in neck region. The smart phone users complain from neck pain (Text neck), more clearly related to the duration of use of smart phones.
REPUTATION'S IMPACT ON AUDITOR SWITCHING THROUGH AUDIT DELAYS AND FINANCIAL DISTRESS IN THE ENERGY SECTOR
Authors: Al-farizi Luthfi , Rahayu Ruci Arizanda , Ramadhan Arya Wahyu , Silvia Nanda
Published: December 2024

General Background: Auditor switching, particularly in energy companies, can be influenced by various factors including audit opinions, audit delays, and financial distress, all of which are critical in ensuring the credibility of financial reporting. Specific Background: In Indonesia, the energy sector is vital for economic stability, yet few studies have explored how these factors influence auditor switching, particularly the moderating role of KAP (Kantor Akuntan Publik) reputation. Knowledge Gap: While previous research has identified some determinants of auditor switching, the moderating effect of KAP reputation on these relationships remains underexplored, especially in the context of energy companies in emerging markets. Aims: This study aims to determine the impact of company characteristics and audit characteristics on auditor switching, with KAP reputation as a moderator, within energy companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2021. Results: The study found that audit opinions, audit delays, and financial distress significantly influence auditor switching. Moreover, the reputation of KAP moderates the effect of financial distress on auditor switching. Novelty: This research uniquely highlights the moderating role of KAP reputation, specifically within the energy sector, providing new insights into how external audit firm reputation interacts with company-specific risks to influence auditor-switching behavior. Implications: The findings contribute to a better understanding of the audit selection process in the energy sector and provide guidance for regulators and practitioners in improving audit quality and decision-making processes, emphasizing the importance of auditor reputation in mitigating the risks associated with financial distress.
THE EFFECT OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS, TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY ON CORPORATE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Andianti Diah Ayu , Afiqoh Nyimas Wardatul
Published: December 2024

In the evolving landscape of corporate finance, the role of Accounting Information Systems (AIS), transparency, and accountability in influencing financial performance remains a critical area of investigation. Despite the extensive literature on AIS, transparency, and accountability, there is limited empirical evidence on their direct impact on financial performance within contemporary organizational contexts. Previous studies have often overlooked the nuanced effects of these variables on financial outcomes, particularly in diverse organizational settings. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between AIS, transparency, and accountability, and their combined effect on financial performance, using agency theory and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) theory as analytical frameworks. Data collected from 50 employees across various divisions via social media questionnaires were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The analysis revealed that AIS did not significantly impact financial performance, whereas transparency and accountability exhibited a positive and significant relationship with financial performance. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating the differential impact of transparency and accountability versus AIS on financial performance, highlighting the need for a refined focus on transparency and accountability practices. The findings underscore the importance of enhancing transparency and accountability mechanisms to better align with corporate financial performance objectives. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers and corporate managers aiming to optimize financial outcomes through improved organizational practices.