bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dental Management of a Patient with Nager Acrofacial Dysostosis
Authors: Bozatlıoğlu R. , Münevveroğlu A. P.
Published: October 2015

Nager syndrome is a rare syndrome resulting from developmental abnormalities of the first and second branchial arches. Nager syndrome is rare and mostly sporadic. The main clinical features consist of craniofacial, limb, and musculoskeletal morphogenesis. These findings included malar hypoplasia, maxillomandibular hypoplasia, micrognathia, downslanting palpebral fissures, cleft palate, ear anomalies, hypoplastic thumb, short forearm, proximal radioulnar synostosis, atrial septal defect, lower limb deformities, and flat nasal bridge. The prevalence is unknown; about 100 cases of Nager syndrome have been published up to now. Patients with Nager syndrome are found worldwide among all racial and ethnic groups. Trismus and glossoptosis resulting in oropharyngeal airway narrowing cause life-threatening respiratory distress for patients with Nager syndrome. In this case report, dental rehabilitation of a 10-year-old child with Nager syndrome is presented.
Effect of a Smac Mimetic (TL32711, Birinapant) on the Apoptotic Program and Apoptosis Biomarkers Examined with Validated Multiplex Immunoassays Fit for Clinical Use
Authors: Srivastava Apurva K. , Jaganathan Soumya , Stephen Laurie , Hollingshead Melinda G. , Layhee Adam , Damour Eric , Govindharajulu Jeevan Prasaad , Donohue Jennifer , Esposito Dominic , Mapes James P. , Kinders Robert J. , Takebe Naoko , Tomaszewski Joseph E. , Kummar Shivaani , Doroshow James H. , Parchment Ralph E.
Published: October 2015

Purpose: To support clinical pharmacodynamic evaluation of the Smac mimetic TL32711 (birinapant) and other apoptosis-targeting drugs, we describe the development, validation, and application of novel immunoassays for 15 cytosolic and membrane-associated proteins indicative of the induction, onset, and commitment to apoptosis in human tumors.

Experimental Design: The multiplex immunoassays were constructed on the Luminex platform with apoptosis biomarkers grouped into three panels. Panel 1 contains Bak, Bax, total caspase-3, total lamin-B (intact and 45 kDa fragment), and Smac; panel 2 contains Bad, Bax–Bcl-2 heterodimer, Bcl-xL, Bim, and Mcl1; and panel 3 contains active (cleaved) caspase-3, Bcl-xL–Bak heterodimer, Mcl1–Bak heterodimer, pS99-Bad, and survivin. Antibody specificity was confirmed by immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis.

Results: Two laboratories analytically validated the multiplex immunoassays for application with core-needle biopsy samples processed to control preanalytical variables; the biologic variability for each biomarker was estimated from xenograft measurements. Studies of TL32711 in xenograft models confirmed a dose-dependent increase in activated caspase-3 6 hours after dosing and provided assay fit-for-purpose confirmation. Coincident changes in cytosolic lamin-B and subsequent changes in Bcl-xL provided correlative evidence of caspase-3 activation. The validated assay is suitable for use with clinical specimens; 14 of 15 biomarkers were quantifiable in patient core-needle biopsies.

Conclusions: The validated multiplex immunoassays developed for this study provided proof of mechanism data for TL32711 and are suitable for quantifying apoptotic biomarkers in clinical trials. Clin Cancer Res; 22(4); 1000–10. ©2015 AACR.
Germline Variants in Asporin Vary by Race, Modulate the Tumor Microenvironment, and Are Differentially Associated with Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Hurley Paula J. , Sundi Debasish , Shinder Brian , Simons Brian W. , Hughes Robert M. , Miller Rebecca M. , Benzon Benjamin , Faraj Sheila F. , Netto George J. , Vergara Ismael A. , Erho Nicholas , Davicioni Elai , Karnes R. Jeffrey , Yan Guifang , Ewing Charles , Isaacs Sarah D. , Berman David M. , Rider Jennifer R. , Jordahl Kristina M. , Mucci Lorelei A. , Huang Jessie , An Steven S. , Park Ben H. , Isaacs William B. , Marchionni Luigi , Ross Ashley E. , Schaeffer Edward M.
Published: October 2015

Purpose: Prostate cancers incite tremendous morbidity upon metastatic growth. We previously identified Asporin (ASPN) as a potential mediator of metastatic progression found within the tumor microenvironment. ASPN contains an aspartic acid (D)-repeat domain and germline polymorphisms in D-repeat-length have been associated with degenerative diseases. Associations of germline ASPN D polymorphisms with risk of prostate cancer progression to metastatic disease have not been assessed.

Experimental Design: Germline ASPN D-repeat-length was retrospectively analyzed in 1,600 men who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer and in 548 noncancer controls. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to test the associations of ASPN variations with risk of subsequent oncologic outcomes, including metastasis. Orthotopic xenografts were used to establish allele- and stroma-specific roles for ASPN D variants in metastatic prostate cancer.

Results: Variation at the ASPN D locus was differentially associated with poorer oncologic outcomes. ASPN D14 [HR, 1.72; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05–2.81, P = 0.032] and heterozygosity for ASPN D13/14 (HR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.03–3.35, P = 0.040) were significantly associated with metastatic recurrence, while homozygosity for the ASPN D13 variant was significantly associated with a reduced risk of metastatic recurrence (HR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.21–0.94, P = 0.035) in multivariable analyses. Orthotopic xenografts established biologic roles for ASPN D14 and ASPN D13 variants in metastatic prostate cancer progression that were consistent with patient-based data.

Conclusions: We observed associations between ASPN D variants and oncologic outcomes, including metastasis. Our data suggest that ASPN expressed in the tumor microenvironment is a heritable modulator of metastatic progression. Clin Cancer Res; 22(2); 448–58. ©2015 AACR.
Detection of T790M, the Acquired Resistance EGFR Mutation, by Tumor Biopsy versus Noninvasive Blood-Based Analyses
Authors: Sundaresan Tilak K. , Sequist Lecia V. , Heymach John V. , Riely Gregory J. , Jänne Pasi A. , Koch Walter H. , Sullivan James P. , Fox Douglas B. , Maher Robert , Muzikansky Alona , Webb Andrew , Tran Hai T. , Giri Uma , Fleisher Martin , Yu Helena A. , Wei Wen , Johnson Bruce E. , Barber Thomas A. , Walsh John R. , Engelman Jeffrey A. , Stott Shannon L. , Kapur Ravi , Maheswaran Shyamala , Toner Mehmet , Haber Daniel A.
Published: October 2015

Purpose: The T790M gatekeeper mutation in the EGFR is acquired by some EGFR-mutant non–small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) as they become resistant to selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). As third-generation EGFR TKIs that overcome T790M-associated resistance become available, noninvasive approaches to T790M detection will become critical to guide management.

Experimental Design: As part of a multi-institutional Stand-Up-To-Cancer collaboration, we performed an exploratory analysis of 40 patients with EGFR-mutant tumors progressing on EGFR TKI therapy. We compared the T790M genotype from tumor biopsies with analysis of simultaneously collected circulating tumor cells (CTC) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA).

Results: T790M genotypes were successfully obtained in 30 (75%) tumor biopsies, 28 (70%) CTC samples, and 32 (80%) ctDNA samples. The resistance-associated mutation was detected in 47% to 50% of patients using each of the genotyping assays, with concordance among them ranging from 57% to 74%. Although CTC- and ctDNA-based genotyping were each unsuccessful in 20% to 30% of cases, the two assays together enabled genotyping in all patients with an available blood sample, and they identified the T790M mutation in 14 (35%) patients in whom the concurrent biopsy was negative or indeterminate.

Conclusions: Discordant genotypes between tumor biopsy and blood-based analyses may result from technological differences, as well as sampling different tumor cell populations. The use of complementary approaches may provide the most complete assessment of each patient's cancer, which should be validated in predicting response to T790M-targeted inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res; 22(5); 1103–10. ©2015 AACR.
Clinically and/or Serologically Misleading Findings Surrounding Immune Haemolytic Anaemias
Authors: Salama Abdulgabar
Published: October 2015

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemias (AIHAs) are well-characterized disorders. They can be differentiated from one another and from other non-immune haemolytic anaemias by clinical, laboratory and serological testing. However, several misleading clinical presentations and/or serological findings may result in misinterpretation, delay and/or misdiagnosis. Such failures are avoidable by adequate clinical and serological experience of the responsible physicians and serologists or, at least, by an optimised bidirectional communication. As long as this has not been achieved, unpleasant failures are to be expected. A true diagnosis of AIHA can neither be verified by clinical nor serological findings alone. Thus, a collective clinical and serological picture remains obligatory for fulfilling the criteria of optimal diagnosis and therapy. Ultimately, the majority of pioneer scientific and practical work in this field stems from scientists who were simultaneously involved in both the clinic and serology.
Engraftability of Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cell Subpopulations in the Tissues of Developing Mice following Systemic Transplantation
Authors: Li Feng , Niyibizi Christopher
Published: October 2015

Introduction: Cell therapies for generalized musculoskeletal diseases would require distribution of cells to all the skeletal tissues; however, there are controversies regarding the transplantability of multipotent mesenchymal stems cells (MSCs). We generated single-cell subpopulations of MSCs from murine bone marrow and assessed them for differences in trafficking through the circulatory system and engraftment in bone and other tissues. Materials and Methods: Seven single-cell clonal subpopulations were generated by serial dilution of GFP-marked MSCs isolated from bone marrow. The subpopulations were examined for putative MSC surface marker expression, in vitro differentiation toward osteogenic and adipogenic lineages, migration and engraftment in different tissues following intravenous delivery in normal, sublethally irradiated neonatal mice. Results: The surface marker expression profile revealed notable differences among clonal cells, specifically CD44 and CD105. All the cell subpopulations differentiated toward osteogenic and adipogenic lineages, with some committed to only one or the other. Two clones enriched in CXCR4 expression were highly efficient in migrating and engrafting in skeletal tissue including bone; this confirmed the role of this chemokine in cell migration. Donor cells retrieved from various tissues displayed different morphologies and potential differentiation into tissue cell type of engraftment, suggesting modification by the tissues in which the donor cells engrafted. Conclusion: We have reported that, within bone marrow, there are heterogeneous subpopulations of MSCs that may differ in their ability to migrate in the circulatory system and engraft in different tissues.
Application of the Dutch, Finnish and British Screening Guidelines in a Cohort of Children with Growth Failure
Authors: Stalman Susanne E. , Hellinga Ilse , van Dommelen Paula , Hennekam Raoul C.M. , Saari Antti , Sankilampi Ulla , Dunkel Leo , Wit Jan M. , Kamp Gerdine A. , Plötz Frans B.
Published: October 2015

Aims: To evaluate three guidelines for selecting short children for diagnostic workup in a general pediatric clinic. Methods: All patients (n = 131) aged 3.00-9.99 years who were referred for growth failure to a general pediatric clinic were evaluated for their medical history and growth and examined. All of them underwent the same standardized diagnostic workup. Retrospectively, the criteria for the diagnostic workup from three guidelines (proposed in the Netherlands, Finland and the UK) were applied, and their sensitivity was assessed. A Dutch reference sample (n = 958) was used for calculating population specificity. Results: In 23 patients (17.6%), a pathological cause of their growth failure was found. The sensitivity of the original Dutch, Finnish and British guidelines was 73.9, 78.3 and 56.5% and their specificity 98.5, 83.7 and 95.8%, respectively. When adding recent growth deflection to the Dutch guideline, sensitivity increased to 87%, but specificity decreased markedly (to 87%). Conclusion: The proposed cutoff values for height standard deviation score and distance to target height/mid-parental height, as used in the Netherlands and Finland, are effective for population growth monitoring, and superior to the monitoring algorithm in the UK. Growth deflection irrespective of height is an important sign of acquired growth disorders, but its specificity is too low for population screening.
Sex Differences in Long-Term Survival after a First Stroke with Intravenous Thrombolysis: Ebrictus Study
Authors: Clua-Espuny José Luis , Ripolles-Vicente Rosa , Forcadell-Arenas Teresa , Gil-Guillen Vicente Francisco , Queralt-Tomas Maria Lluïsa , González-Henares María Antonia , Panisello-Tafalla Anna , López-Pablo Carlos , Lucas-Noll Jorgina ,   on behalf of the Ebrictus Group
Published: October 2015

Background: A number of large trials have confirmed the benefits of thrombolysis in acute stroke, but there are gender differences. We sought to examine the relationship between sex and outcome after thrombolysis. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study including 1,272 incident ischemic strokes (597 in women) from April 1, 2006 to December 31, 2014. Statistical approaches were used for analyzing survival outcomes and their relationship with thrombolysis therapy. Results: The death rates were lower (p = 0.003) in the thrombolysis therapy group with an incidence ratio of 0.57 (95% CI 0.39-0.83). 113 (8.8%) patients (53 women) received thrombolysis. They were significantly younger (69.2 ± 12.7 vs. 73.9 ± 12.5 years; p < 0.001), had higher NIHSS score (12.7 ± 6.3 vs. 7.3 ± 7.0; p < 0.001), spent more days in hospital (10.4 ± 8.3 vs. 8.3 ± 7.9; p < 0.001), and had a higher average Barthel score at discharge (85.5 ± 24.4 vs. 79.2 ± 28.6; p = 0.023). The male/female incidence ratio showed a significant decrease (p = 0.01) in the incidence of mortality in women and a better Barthel score. The thrombolysis improved the survival in the overall group with thrombolysis versus without thrombolysis (p = 0.028), in women versus in men with thrombolysis (p = 0.023), and in women with thrombolysis versus in those without thrombolysis (p < 0.001) but not in men with thrombolysis versus in those without thrombolysis (p = 0.743). The protective factors as regards mortality were thrombolysis therapy (95% CI 0.37-0.80; p = 0.002), Barthel score ≥60 (95% CI 0.81-0.94; p = 0.002), and cardiovascular secondary prevention 1 year after stroke (0.13, 95% CI 0.06-0.28). Conclusions: The stroke death rates were lower in women after thrombolysis treatment and suggest significant benefit for women in this setting. The overall benefit on survival of the patients treated with thrombolysis might be explained by the beneficial effect of the thrombolysis on the women.
Parental Concerns Influencing Decisions to Seek Medical Care for a Child's Short Stature
Authors: Grimberg Adda , Cousounis Pamela , Cucchiara Andrew J. , Lipman Terri H. , Ginsburg Kenneth R.
Published: October 2015

Aims: To examine parental concerns about child growth and factors that drive parents' decisions whether to intervene medically with their child's height. Methods: Parents of 9- to 14-year-old pediatric primary care patients of various heights, oversampled for those with short stature, participated in exploratory focus groups and nominal group technique sessions. Growth concerns expressed by the groups were incorporated into a survey, completed by 1,820 parents, and rated for their degree of impact on medical decision-making. Ordinal logistic regression modeled concern scores against parent traits. Explanatory focus groups clarified the survey results. Results: Research team consensus and factor analysis organized the 22 distinct concerns expressed by the parent groups into 7 categories. Categories rated as having the greatest influence on parental decision-making involved: treatment efficacy and side effects, child health and psychosocial function. Level of concern was highly associated with parental education and parenting style. Conclusion: Psychosocial issues are influential, but parental decision-making is most impacted by concerns about treatment and child health. By discussing the real risks and benefits of hormone treatment and addressing parents' perceptions of what is needed for physical and psychosocial health, clinicians can be highly effective educators to assure that treatment is used only as medically indicated.
Weight Loss Expectations and Attrition in Treatment-Seeking Obese Women
Authors: Dalle Grave Riccardo , Calugi Simona , Compare Angelo , El Ghoch Marwan , Petroni Maria Letizia , Tomasi Franco , Mazzali Gloria , Marchesini Giulio
Published: October 2015

Objective: The analysis of the relation between weight loss goals and attrition in the treatment of obesity has produced conflicting results. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of weight loss goals on attrition in a cohort of obese women seeking treatment at 8 Italian medical centres. Methods: 634 women with obesity, consecutively enrolled in weight loss programmes, were included in the study. Weight loss goals were evaluated with the Goals and Relative Weights Questionnaire (GRWQ), reporting a sequence of unrealistic (‘dream' and ‘happy') and more realistic (‘acceptable' and ‘disappointing') weight loss goals. Attrition was assessed at 12 months on the basis of patients' medical records. Results: At 12 months, 205/634 patients (32.3%) had interrupted their programme and were lost to follow-up. After adjustment for age, baseline weight, education and employment status, attrition was significantly associated with higher percent acceptable and disappointing weight loss targets, not with dream and happy weight loss. Conclusion: In ‘real world' clinical settings, only realistic expectations might favour attrition whenever too challenging, whereas unrealistic weight loss goals have no effect. Future studies should assess the effect of interventions aimed at coping with too challenging weight goals on attrition.
High-level secretion of tissue factor-rich extracellular vesicles from ovarian cancer cells mediated by filamin-A and protease-activated receptors
Authors: Ito Shin , Yoshioka Yusuke , Kanayama Tomohiko , Nakamura Yoshiyasu , Yoshihara Mitsuyo , Yamada Roppei , Ochiya Takahiro , Ruf Wolfram , Miyagi Etsuko , Hirahara Fumiki , Koizume Shiro , Miyagi Yohei
Published: October 2015

Thromboembolic events occur frequently in ovarian cancer patients. Tissue factor (TF) is often overexpressed in tumours, including ovarian clear-cell carcinoma (CCC), a subtype with a generally poor prognosis. TF-coagulation factor VII (fVII) complexes on the cell surface activate downstream coagulation mechanisms. Moreover, cancer cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), which act as vehicles for TF. We therefore examined the characteristics of EVs produced by ovarian cancer cells of various histological subtypes. CCC cells secreted high levels of TF within EVs, while the high-TF expressing breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 shed fewer TF-positive EVs. We also found that CCC tumours with hypoxic tissue areas synthesised TF and fVII in vivo, rendering the blood of xenograft mice bearing these tumours hypercoagulable compared with mice bearing MDA-MB-231 tumours. Incorporation of TF into EVs and secretion of EVs from CCC cells exposed to hypoxia were both dependent on the actin-binding protein, filamin-A (filA). Furthermore, production of these EVs was dependent on different protease-activated receptors (PARs) on the cell surface. These results show that CCC cells could produce large numbers of TF-positive EVs dependent upon filA and PARs. This phenomenon may be the mechanism underlying the increased incidence of venous thromboembolism in ovarian cancer patients.

Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
Introduction to the analysis of next generation sequencing data and its application to venous thromboembolism
Authors: Meijers Joost C. M. , Middeldorp Saskia , Cunha Marisa L. R.
Published: October 2015

Despite knowledge of various inherited risk factors associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE), no definite cause can be found in about 50% of patients. The application of data-driven searches such as GWAS has not been able to identify genetic variants with implications for clinical care, and unexplained heritability remains. In the past years, the development of several so-called next generation sequencing (NGS) platforms is offering the possibility of generating fast, inexpensive and accurate genomic information. However, so far their application to VTE has been very limited. Here we review basic concepts of NGS data analysis and explore the application of NGS technology to VTE. We provide both computational and biological viewpoints to discuss potentials and challenges of NGS-based studies.
Safety and effectiveness of dabigatran and warfarin in routine care of patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Bykov Katsiaryna , Bartels Dorothee B. , Huybrechts Krista , Zint Kristina , Schneeweiss Sebastian , Seeger John D.
Published: October 2015

The RE-LY study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of dabigatran relative to warfarin for stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation. It is important to further evaluate safety and effectiveness of drugs in routine care. This study used a sequential cohort design with propensity score matching to compare dabigatran with warfarin among patients in two commercial health insurance databases. New users of these anticoagulants were followed from initiation until discontinuation, the end of the study, or the occurrence of a study outcome (primary study outcomes were stroke and major bleeding). Proportional hazards regression was conducted separately within each data source and results were pooled. Among 19,189 matched dabigatran and warfarin initiators (mean age: 68 years, 36 % female), as-treated follow-up (average of 5 months for dabigatran, 4 months for warfarin) identified 62 and 69 strokes, respectively (pooled HR = 0.77; 95 % CI = 0.54 to 1.09), and 354 and 395 major haemorrhages, respectively (HR = 0.75; 0.65 to 0.87). No meaningful heterogeneity was identified across subgroups, but numeric trends suggest more pronounced stroke prevention by dabigatran relative to warfarin among patients age 75+ (HR = 0.57; 0.33 to 0.97) or with < 6 months of use (HR = 0.51; 0.19 to 1.42). Major bleeds were reduced more by dabigatran among patients aged < 55 (HR = 0.51; 0.30 to 0.87) and with CHADS2 < 2 (HR = 0.58; 0.44 to 0.77). In conclusion, in routine care of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation, dabigatran treatment resulted in improved health outcomes compared with warfarin.
Risk of peripheral arterial occlusive disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Chuang Ya-Wen , Yu Mei-Ching , Lin Cheng-Li , Yu Tung-Min , Shu Kuo-Hsiung , Huang Shih-Ting , Kao Chia-Hung
Published: October 2015

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between RA and peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) remains unclear. We used a national health insurance database to identify a cohort of 30,812 patients diagnosed with RA between 2000 and 2011. Each RA patient was frequency-matched according to age and sex with a patient without RA from a control cohort. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyse the adjusted risk of PAOD. The incidence of PAOD was 1.73-fold higher (95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.57–1.91) in the RA cohort than in the non-RA cohort. The adjusted risk of PAOD was the highest in the patients with RA aged ≤ 49 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.39, 95 % CI = 2.66–4.32). Patients with RA and various comorbidities showed a significantly higher risk of PAOD (HR = 9.62, 95 % CI = 4.86–19.1) compared with control patients without comorbidity. The risk of PAOD increased during the first year of follow-up. In conclusion, patients with RA have an independently higher risk of PAOD compared with the general population. Patients with RA and various comorbidities and those at a young age and early stage of the disease have an increased risk of PAOD.
Final 3-Year Outcome of a Randomized Trial Comparing Second-Generation Drug-Eluting Stents Using Either Biodegradable Polymer or Durable Polymer
Authors: Natsuaki Masahiro , Kozuma Ken , Morimoto Takeshi , Kadota Kazushige , Muramatsu Toshiya , Nakagawa Yoshihisa , Akasaka Takashi , Igarashi Keiichi , Tanabe Kengo , Morino Yoshihiro , Ishikawa Tetsuya , Nishikawa Hideo , Awata Masaki , Abe Mitsuru , Okada Hisayuki , Takatsu Yoshiki , Ogata Nobuhiko , Kimura Kazuo , Urasawa Kazushi , Tarutani Yasuhiro , Shiode Nobuo , Kimura Takeshi
Published: October 2015

Background—

There is a paucity of data reporting the clinical outcomes of biodegradable polymer biolimus-eluting stent (BP-BES) compared with durable polymer everolimus-eluting stent (DP-EES) beyond 1 year after stent implantation when the polymer is fully degraded.

Methods and Results—

The NOBORI Biolimus-Eluting Versus XIENCE/PROMUS Everolimus-Eluting Stent Trial (NEXT) is a prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label, noninferiority trial comparing BP-BES with DP-EES in patients scheduled for percutaneous coronary intervention using drug-eluting stent (DES) without any exclusion criteria among 98 participating centers in Japan. The trial was designed to evaluate noninferiority of BP-BES relative to DP-EES in terms of any target-lesion revascularization at 1 year and death or myocardial infarction at 3 years. Between May and October 2011, 3235 patients were randomly assigned to receive either BP-BES (1617 patients) or DP-EES (1618 patients). Complete 3-year follow-up was achieved in 97.6% of patients. At 3 years, the primary safety end point of death or myocardial infarction occurred in 159 patients (9.9%) in the BP-BES group and in 166 patients (10.3%) in the DP-EES group, demonstrating noninferiority of BP-BES relative to DP-EES (
P
noninferiority<0.0001 and
P
superiority=0.7). Cumulative incidence of target-lesion revascularization was not significantly different between the 2 groups (7.4% versus 7.1%;
P
=0.8). By a landmark analysis at 1 year, the cumulative incidences of death or myocardial infarction and target-lesion revascularization were also not significantly different between the 2 groups (4.6% versus 5.2%;
P
=0.46 and 3.3% versus 2.7%;
P
=0.39, respectively).

Conclusions—

Safety and efficacy outcomes of BP-BES were non inferior to those of DP-EES 3 years after stent implantation.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01303640.
The Right of Children in Accessing Primary Education: Vientiane Province Case Study
Authors: Vongvannasay Khonsavanh , Vongphachanh Khamphang , Langkavong Vilay
Published: October 2015

The right to education is an important fundamental right for all Lao citizens and is regarded as one of the priorities of development in Lao pdr. The Lao pdr realizes the importance of education for all as a significant tool to help the country graduate from the least developed country status in 2020. Primary and tertiary education is therefore one of the Lao pdr Government’s priorities.

This research analyses the existing rights of children to access primary education in Vientiane Province, the education system in Lao pdr and its education policy for all children. The researchers conducted an in-depth review on the actual implementation of children’s access to education in Vientiane Province, identifying barriers to the full implementation of education policy in the province as well as other important external factors for education. Recommendations are made for increasing children’s access to education, thereby improving the right to education in the state and building a much stronger foundation for the development of Lao pdr.
The Right to Access a Lawyer in Laotian Criminal Law
Authors: Ladsamyxay Bounmy
Published: October 2015

This article aims to analyze the defendants’ right to access a lawyer in criminal law, as defined in international legal standards, and determine the extent to which the legislation of Lao pdr complies. This study finds that Lao law is consistent with international law as regards the defendant’s right to gain access to a lawyer, for instance, as enshrined in the National Constitution, Criminal Law, Civil Law and the Law on Lawyers. However, this article will argue that defendants are not aware of their rights due to poor economic resources and the lack of information on the availability of legal aid services and how to access such services. On the other hand, defendants are unable to implement their rights effectively due to the limited and incompetent protection offered by lawyers. Additionally, legal practitioners and local authorities are not familiar with and accepting of the relevant legislation.
The Politics of Domestic Implementation of International Human Rights Law
Authors: Udagama Deepika
Published: October 2015

Domestic application of international human rights law may encounter more serious obstacles than purely doctrinal constraints due to political factors. Sri Lanka offers an interesting case study in that regard. Once a committed democracy with high social indicators, it descended into authoritarianism and political violence a few decades after independence. This article examines the interplay between Sri Lanka’s dualist legal system and its international human rights obligations and points to how the relationship is increasingly being defined by political factors than doctrinal complexities. It argues that in such circumstances remedial action may lie more within the political arena than before legal forums.
Transformation and Pentecostal Theology
Authors: Castelo Daniel
Published: October 2015

This article serves as an introduction to a dialogue with Oliver Davies regarding his proposal for transformational theology. The dialogue identifies some of the implications of Davies’ proposals for Pentecostal theology. This first essay, which follows the larger contours of Davies’ line of argumentation, names a few important themes that can vitalize various features of Pentecostal work in the academy, including the place of cosmological commitments, the Pentecostal understandings of Christology, and the openness to ‘miracle’ as a bona fide theological category. Pentecostals can find in Davies a theological sensibility that legitimizes the primacy of first-order discourse among worshiping communities while simultaneously keeping an eye on the latest developments within the sciences.
Discerning God’s Presence and/as Power: Pentecostal Engagements with Davies’ Transformation Theology
Authors: Green Chris E.W.
Published: October 2015

Oliver Davies’ Theology of Transformation holds unusual promise for constructive Christian theology and spirituality. This essay describes Davies’ understanding of God’s effective presence in the world, exploring some of the ways Pentecostal theologians might draw on the riches of his account of the divine presence, as well as raising a few questions about the assumptions, limits, and aims of the Transformation Theology project in general.
The Impact of Culture and Social Justice on Christian Formation in Pentecostalism
Authors: Vondey Wolfgang
Published: October 2015

The essay contrasts two distinct ways of Pentecostal formation: (1) social activism and (2) social passivism. The former identifies Christian formation as participation and leadership in the struggle against poverty, deprivation, and oppression; the latter withdraws into a sectarian mindset of individualism, self-improvement, and triumphalism. A focus on Asia, Africa, Latin America, and North America brings the two accounts into dialogue on the identity of contemporary Pentecostal formation. The results suggest that Christian formation among Pentecostals is confronted with significant diversity influenced by cultural and socioeconomic factors. Johns’ classic study of Pentecostal formation and its emphasis on conscientization leading to redemptive participation in the struggle among the oppressed demands further attention. This essay shows that conscientization among Pentecostals is not only a psychological and sociocritical form of assessment but a personal and communal coming to consciousness subject to long-term cultural influences and sociohistorical developments.
Peter’s Kingdom Keys Explain Subsequence
Authors: Zarley Kermit
Published: October 2015

This article proposes a solution to the Dunn Debate. It is that Peter’s temporary role in using the metaphorical ‘keys of the kingdom of heaven’ that Jesus promised him in Mt. 16.19 involved both Peter’s preaching the gospel and Jesus’ initial baptizing with the Holy Spirit. Thus, no subsequence (post-conversion Spirit baptism) presumably occurred with the 3,000 Jewish converts at Pentecost in Acts 2 and certainly with the Gentiles in Acts 10 because Peter was the preacher of the gospel when they believed; but subsequence did occur with the Samaritans in Acts 8 because Philip preached and they believed, but Peter came to them days later, using his kingdom keys. After that, with the exception of the anomaly in Acts 19, Dunn is correct that conversion and Spirit baptism always occur simultaneously.
Sumsum Akwankyεrε: Emerging Modes of Mediation and Appropriation of Spiritual Power in Sections of Ghanaian Christianity
Authors: Degbe Simon Kouessan
Published: October 2015

Sumsum Akwankyεrε has become a common religious expression and mantra in Ghanaian Christianity particularly among Churches and groups who claim to be ‘prophetic’. Sumsum Akwankyεrε is an Akan expression that actually has multiple meanings. Some of the meanings are ‘spiritual direction’, ‘divine instruction’, or ‘spiritual ways’ etc. Prophets and leaders of this stream of Christianity in Ghana are not trusted by recognised and respected Pentecostals and Charismatics primarily because of their doctrinal orientation and modes of mediating and appropriating spiritual power in their ministries. At the core of Sumsum Akwankyεrε is the synthesis of traditional or primal religious beliefs and practices, proof-texts. The Sumsum Akwankyεrε phenomenon is influencing many young independent pastors and some Pentecostals and Charismatics as well. Even though practitioners of Sumsum Akwankyεrε are noted for their moral scandals, self-deification, leadership flaws, and theological malaises, their ministries seem to be pointing to some timeless theological and missiological questions and issues facing African Christianity in general. These are also yelling indications of the fact that a new phase with new questions, concerns and directions are beginning to dawn on African Christianity whether we take them serious or not.
Argyrogrammana Strand (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of four new species
Authors: DOLIBAINA DIEGO RODRIGO , DIAS FERNANDO MAIA SILVA , MIELKE OLAF HERMANN HENDRIK , CASAGRANDE MIRNA MARTINS
Published: October 2015

The species of Argyrogrammana Strand, 1932 collected at the Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil (PNSD) are listed and detailed with behavioral notes. In total, 17 species were recorded, including 13 new records for Brazil (marked with an asterisk): A. alstonii (Smart, 1979)*, A. nurtia ludibunda Brévignon & Gallard, 1995*, A. pulchra (Talbot, 1929)*, A. bonita Hall & Willmott, 1995*, A. amalfreda (Staudinger, [1877])*, A. physis phyton (Stichel, 1911), A. halli Dolibaina & Dias, sp. nov.*, A. celata Hall & Willmott, 1995*, A. gallardi Dolibaina & Dias, sp. nov.*, A. aparamilla Hall & Willmott, 1995*, A. praestigiosa (Stichel, 1929), A. johannismarci Brévignon, 1995*, A. brevignoni Dolibaina & Dias, sp. nov.*, A. rameli (Stichel, 1930), A. willmotti Dolibaina & Dias, sp. nov.*, A. iracyi P. Jauffret & J. Jauffret, 2007 and A. saulensis tunari Gallard, 2008, comb. nov.*. Four new species are described, two from “amalfreda complex”: A. halli Dolibaina & Dias, sp. nov. and A. gallardi Dolibaina & Dias, sp. nov.; one from “trochilia complex”: A. brevignoni Dolibaina & Dias, sp. nov.; and one from “stilbe complex”: A. willmotti Dolibaina & Dias, sp. nov. Argyrogrammana iracyi saulensis Gallard, 2008 is recognized as a valid species, A. saulensis saulensis, stat. nov., and a new combination is proposed to A. saulensis tunari Gallard, 2008, comb. nov. The females of A. iracyi P. Jauffret & J. Jauffret, 2007 and A. saulensis tunari are recognized and figured for the first time. The taxonomy of the species found at the PNSD is discussed and adults are figured, including illustrations of the genitalia.
Description of three new species and new distributional data for four species of Anagyrus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from China
Authors: ZU GUO-HAO , LI CHENG-DE
Published: October 2015

Anagyrus brevifuniculus Zu & Li, sp. nov., A. maculistigmus Zu & Li, sp. nov. and A. pseudobicolor Zu & Li, sp. nov. are described; A. tricolor (Girault) is newly recorded from the Palaearctic region and A. matritensis (Mercet) from China. New distributional data for A. fusciventris (Girault) and A. jenniferae Noyes & Hayat are also provided.
The leafhopper genus Atkinsoniella Distant (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae) with descriptions of two new species from China
Authors: FENG LING , ZHANG YALIN
Published: October 2015

Two new species in the genus Atkinsoniella from China, Atkinsoniella longiuscula, and A. valida spp. nov. are described and illustrated. A checklist of the known species worldwide is provided.
A new species of Parakari (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Guiana Highlands
Authors: DERKA TOMÁŠ , NIETO CAROLINA , SVITOK MAREK
Published: October 2015

The genus Parakari was described from Guiana Highlands in southeastern Venezuela by Nieto & Derka in 2011 for two species inhabiting streams draining isolated, flat-topped table mountains called tepuis. A description of a third representative, Parakari roraimensis sp. n., is given here based on material collected from a coldwater stream at the foothills of Roraima-tepui (SE Venezuela). Detailed morphological descriptions of mature nymph and female adult are given. A differential diagnosis and a key to nymphs of the three Parakari species are provided.
Rhodochlanis suaedicola sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psylloidea: Aphalaridae) associated with Suaeda japonica (Amaranthaceae) from Korea
Authors: CHO GEONHO , BURCKHARDT DANIEL , LEE SEUNGHWAN
Published: October 2015

A new psyllid species, Rhodochlanis suaedicola sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Korea based on adults and fifth instar immatures. Rhodochlanis is reported for the first time from Korea. The new species is associated with Suaeda japonica (Amaranthaceae) growing in saline habitats. Salt marshes in Korea are threatened by sea side developments. It is suggested that these habitats should be protected to ensure the survival of R. suaedicola.
A new cave-dwelling species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from the Ryukyu Islands, southern Japan
Authors: KOMAI TOMOYUKI , YAMADA YUSUKE , YUNOKAWA KYO
Published: October 2015

A new species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955, S. antricola n. sp., is described and illustrated on the basis of a single ovigerous specimen from an aphotic marine cave at a depth of 12 m, off Ie Island, Okinawa Islands, the Ryukyu Archipelago. It is morphologically similar to five species presently referred to the S. jarli (Holthuis, 1951) species group: S. erasimorum Dworschak, Anker & Abed-Navandi, 2000, S. komaii Anker, 2011, S. paulayi Anker, 2011, S. poupini Anker, 2011, and S. sketi Fransen, 1991. However, the minor cheliped with an elongate carpus being subequal to the chela, the lack of teeth on the cutting edges of the minor cheliped fingers, and the very slender third to fifth pereopods are obvious characters that distinguish S. antricola n. sp. from all of its presumed close relatives. Among the 50 species of Salmoneus, only S. sketi and the present new species are known from marine caves.
Connecting Climate Model Projections of Global Temperature Change with the Real World
Authors: Hawkins Ed , Sutton Rowan
Published: October 2015

Current state-of-the-art global climate models produce different values for Earth’s mean temperature. When comparing simulations with each other and with observations, it is standard practice to compare temperature anomalies with respect to a reference period. It is not always appreciated that the choice of reference period can affect conclusions, both about the skill of simulations of past climate and about the magnitude of expected future changes in climate. For example, observed global temperatures over the past decade are toward the lower end of the range of the phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) simulations irrespective of what reference period is used, but exactly where they lie in the model distribution varies with the choice of reference period. Additionally, we demonstrate that projections of when particular temperature levels are reached, for example, 2 K above “preindustrial,” change by up to a decade depending on the choice of reference period. In this article, we discuss some of the key issues that arise when using anomalies relative to a reference period to generate climate projections. We highlight that there is no perfect choice of reference period. When evaluating models against observations, a long reference period should generally be used, but how long depends on the quality of the observations available. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) choice to use a 1986–2005 reference period for future global temperature projections was reasonable, but a case-by-case approach is needed for different purposes and when assessing projections of different climate variables. Finally, we recommend that any studies that involve the use of a reference period should explicitly examine the robustness of the conclusions to alternative choices.
Identifying and Quantifying Benefits of Meteorological Satellites
Authors: Brown Molly E. , Wooldridge Charles
Published: October 2015

The Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites (CGMS) provides an international forum for the exchange of technical information on geostationary and polar-orbiting meteorological satellite systems. In 2013, the CMGS established the Socioeconomic Benefits Tiger Team (SETT) to develop a credible methodology and common terminology for articulating the socioeconomic benefits of satellite observing systems, and to explore the most effective ways to communicate the benefits to decision makers and stakeholders. As part of its first years’ activities, the SETT gathered examples of socioeconomic studies across all member organizations. This article describes key elements of these studies, and identified eight key themes that are presented. We welcome additional collaborations to identify opportunities to incorporate socioeconomic best practices, integrate these into additional or subsequent phases of work on new instruments and satellites, and develop recommendations for the way forward for the broader meteorological community.
M2 Internal Tides and Their Observed Wavenumber Spectra from Satellite Altimetry
Authors: Ray R. D. , Zaron E. D.
Published: October 2015

A near-global chart of surface elevations associated with the stationary M2 internal tide is empirically constructed from multimission satellite altimeter data. An advantage of a strictly empirical mapping approach is that results are independent of assumptions about ocean wave dynamics and, in fact, can be used to test such assumptions. A disadvantage is that present-day altimeter coverage is only marginally adequate to support mapping such short-wavelength features. Moreover, predominantly north–south ground-track orientations and contamination from nontidal oceanographic variability can lead to deficiencies in mapped tides. Independent data from Cryosphere Satellite-2 (CryoSat-2) and other altimeters are used to test the solutions and show positive reduction in variance except in regions of large mesoscale variability. The tidal fields are subjected to two-dimensional wavenumber spectral analysis, which allows for the construction of an empirical map of modal wavelengths. Mode-1 wavelengths show good agreement with theoretical wavelengths calculated from the ocean’s mean stratification, with a few localized exceptions (e.g., Tasman Sea). Mode-2 waves are detectable in much of the ocean, with wavelengths in reasonable agreement with theoretical expectations, but their spectral signatures grow too weak to map in some regions.
Mechanical performance of GFRP laminates manufactured from deformed stitched and three-dimensional woven preforms
Authors: Koziol Mateusz
Published: October 2015

The aim of the work is an assessment of the effect of the deformation (curvature) of reinforcing fibre preform caused by insertion into a mould on the laminate properties. The basis for the assessment is a comparison with an analogous laminate without deformation, i.e., made in a flat mould. The work includes the production of laminate panels by way of resin transfer moulding, on the basis of three types of preforms: plain woven fabric ( classic), stitched plain woven fabric and three-dimensional woven fabric, as well as an evaluation of their mechanical properties in static bending tests (in the radial direction of the curved panels) and tensile tests (in the axial direction of the curved panels). The state of the laminate reinforcement structure was assessed by the means of computer tomography. The strength of the curved laminates, both in the radial and in the axial directions, is lower than in case of the equivalent flat laminates. The strength decrease proceeds together with the deformation degree. The stitched and three-dimensional laminates are much less prone to strength loss resulting from deformation than the classic laminate; they also exhibit lesser strength drops in the direction transverse to the stitch lines or the interweave strands than in the parallel direction. The curved classic laminate shows the biggest deviations of the fibre strands from rectilinearity as well as local structure anomalies, in comparison to the two other laminate types. In the curved three-dimensional laminate, the fibre strands are much more uniformly oriented than in the other two.
The Impact of Type D Personality Traits on the Career Readiness of College Students With and Without Disabilities
Authors: Reid Yates Jenna A. , Wong Alex W. K. , Strauser David R. , Heft Sears Susann J.
Published: October 2015

The primary purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship of Type D personality and perceived career readiness in a group of college students with and without disabilities. The findings of the study revealed no significant differences in levels of career readiness and Type D personality across disability groups. Results also revealed that Type D traits did have a significant relationship with career readiness variables, and that this relationship is particularly significant for college students with disabilities. Results also indicated that for individuals with disabilities, both Type D traits (negative affect and social inhibition) have an effect on different dimensions of career readiness. Implications of the results are discussed within the context of rehabilitation counselors and professionals. Future directions for research are also offered.