bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The midbody component Prc1-like is required for microtubule reorganization during cytokinesis and dorsal determinant segregation in the early zebrafish embryo
Authors: Nair Sreelaja , Welch Elaine L. , Moravec Cara E. , Trevena Ryan L. , Hansen Christina L. , Pelegri Francisco
Published: February 2023

We show that the zebrafish maternal-effect mutation too much information (tmi) corresponds to zebrafish prc1-like (prc1l), which encodes a member of the MAP65/Ase1/PRC1 family of microtubule-associated proteins. Embryos from tmi homozygous mutant mothers display cytokinesis defects in meiotic and mitotic divisions in the early embryo, indicating that Prc1l has a role in midbody formation during cell division at the egg-to-embryo transition. Unexpectedly, maternal Prc1l function is also essential for the reorganization of vegetal pole microtubules required for the segregation of dorsal determinants. Whereas Prc1 is widely regarded to crosslink microtubules in an antiparallel conformation, our studies provide evidence for an additional function of Prc1l in the bundling of parallel microtubules in the vegetal cortex of the early embryo during cortical rotation and prior to mitotic cycling. These findings highlight common yet distinct aspects of microtubule reorganization that occur during the egg-to-embryo transition, driven by maternal product for the midbody component Prc1l and required for embryonic cell division and pattern formation.
Locally Recurrent Rectal Cancer: Toward a Second Chance at Cure? A Population-Based, Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Swartjes Hidde , van Rees Jan M. , van Erning Felice N. , Verheij Marcel , Verhoef Cornelis , de Wilt Johannes H. W. , Vissers Pauline A. J. , Koëter Tijmen
Published: February 2023

Background

In current practice, rates of locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) are low due to the use of the total mesorectal excision (TME) in combination with various neoadjuvant treatment strategies. However, the literature on LRRC mainly consists of single- and multicenter retrospective cohort studies, which are prone to selection bias. The aim of this study is to provide a nationwide, population-based overview of LRRC after TME in the Netherlands.

Patients and Methods

In total, 1431 patients with nonmetastasized primary rectal cancer diagnosed in the first six months of 2015 and treated with TME were included from the nationwide, population-based Netherlands Cancer Registry. Data on disease recurrence were collected for patients diagnosed in these 6 months only. Competing risk cumulative incidence, competing risk regression, and Kaplan–Meier analyses were performed to assess incidence, risk factors, treatment, and overall survival (OS) of LRRC.

Results

Three-year cumulative incidence of LRRC was 6.4%; synchronous distant metastases (LRRC-M1) were present in 44.9% of patients with LRRC. Distal localization, R1–2 margin, (y)pT3-4, and (y)pN1-2 were associated with an increased LRRC rate. No differences in LRRC treatment and OS were found between patients who had been treated with or without prior n(C)RT. Curative-intent treatment was given to 42.9% of patients with LRRC, and 3-year OS thereafter was 70%.

Conclusions

Nationwide LRRC incidence was low. A high proportion of patients with LRRC underwent curative-intent treatment, and OS of this group was high in comparison with previous studies. Additionally, n(C)RT for primary rectal cancer was not associated with differences in treatment and OS of LRRC.
Maladaptive Neuroplasticity in Corticospinal Tract after Ankle Sprain: Causal Links Established by Mendelian Randomization
Authors: XUE XIAO’AO , LI YI , WANG YIRAN , LI QIANRU , XU XIAOYUN , LU RONG , HUA YINGHUI
Published: February 2023

Purpose

It has been hypothesized that the corticospinal tract (CST) is involved in the neural origins underlying muscular deficits after an ankle sprain. Microstructural differences in the CST have been reported in patients with and without a history of ankle sprain, but the causal links between the CST and the injuries have not been verified. This study aimed to explore whether genetically predisposed ankle sprains would impair the integrity and organization of CST neurites, manifesting as reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) and increased orientation dispersion index (ODI).

Methods

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associated with ankle sprains were identified from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in FinnGen based on hospital discharge records (7223 cases and 245,598 controls). Outcome statistics for CST microstructures were collected from the GWAS from diffusion-weighted-imaging outcomes in the UK Biobank (33,224 participants). Random-effect, inverse-variance weighted Mendelian randomization was used as the primary method.

Results

Eighteen SNP were selected as forming possible causal links between ankle sprains and CST structure; F value ranged from 755 to 1026. Ankle sprains were associated with a reduction in the FA of the right CST (β = −0.033, P = 0.0439), whereas no significant effects were observed on the left side (β = −0.029, 0.004; P = 0.0748). Ankle sprains significantly increased the ODI of the left CST (β = 0.053, P = 0.0036) and the right CST (β = 0.038, P = 0.0259). No significant pleiotropy or heterogeneity was observed in the analyses.

Conclusions

A genetic predisposition to ankle sprains can lead to maladaptive neuroplasticity of the CST, manifesting as abnormally organized neurites.
Εργασιακή επισφάλεια ως αποξενωτική εργασία
Authors: Μανάφη Γεωργία
Published: February 2023

Η ανά χείρας διατριβή εγγράφεται στο πλαίσιο των ερευνών που αφορούν την εργασιακή επισφάλεια, δηλαδή τη μη μόνιμη και ασφαλή εργασία. Ως ερευνώμενος πληθυσμός επιλέχθηκαν οι εκπονητές ακαδημαϊκών εργασιών, οι οποίοι ως απόφοιτοι της τριτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης μέσα σε συνθήκες αυξημένης ανεργίας, υποαπασχόλησης και ετεροαπασχόλησης, βρίσκουν διέξοδο στη δραστηριότητα αυτή, άλλοτε για να ενισχύσουν το εισόδημά τους και άλλοτε για να διαφυλάξουν την επαγγελματική τους ταυτότητα. Θεωρητικά η έρευνα πλαισιώνεται από τις φιλοσοφικές και κοινωνιολογικές εκείνες προσεγγίσεις της (μετα)νεωτερικότητας που επιχειρούν να σκιαγραφήσουν τον κοινωνιότυπο που προωθεί η νεοφιλελεύθερη κουλτούρα της εργασίας (Bauman, Bourdieu, Butler κ.λπ.). Τα ερευνητικά ερωτήματα της εργασίας είναι τα εξής: 1) Πώς οι εκπονητές ακαδημαϊκών εργασιών νοηματοδοτούν την επισφάλεια; 2) Πώς οι εκπονητές ακαδημαϊκών εργασιών διαχειρίζονται την αποξένωση; 3) Ποια στάση έχουν οι εκπονητές ακαδημαϊκών εργασιών απέναντι σε άλλες επισφαλείς ομάδες του πληθυσμού; Μέσα από τις απαντήσεις τους, η διατριβή αυτή φιλοδοξεί να συνεισφέρει στον περί επισφάλειας επιστημονικό και κοινωνικό διάλογο αναδεικνύοντας τις επιπτώσεις που μπορεί να έχει η επισφαλής, αλλοτριωτική εργασία στο κοινωνικό και πολιτικό υποκείμενο. Η συλλογή των εμπειρικών δεδομένων πραγματοποιήθηκε μέσα από τον διαμοιρασμό ηλεκτρονικού ερωτηματολογίου και η ανάλυση του συλλεγέντος εμπειρικού υλικού (Ν=97) έγινε με την εφαρμογή της Ανάλυσης Λανθανουσών Κλάσεων (Latent Class Analysis). Πρόκειται για στατιστική μέθοδο η οποία επιτρέπει την ποσοτικοποίηση ποιοτικών δεδομένων, με στόχο την ανάδειξη των διαφορετικών προφίλ των αποκρινομένων με βάση τις ομοιότητες των απαντήσεών τους. Η ανάλυση ανέδειξε τελικά τρία διαφορετικά προφίλ εκπονητών ακαδημαϊκών εργασιών («Κατ’ ανάγκην επισφαλείς», «Καθ’ έξιν επισφαλείς» και «Βετεράνοι της επισφάλειας»). Μέσα από τη συγκριτική μελέτη των τριών προφίλ, η έρευνα κατέληξε στο βασικό συμπέρασμα ότι όσο αυξάνεται η ευχαρίστηση από την επισφαλή αποξενωτική εργασία και η συστηματικότητα επαφής με αυτή, τόσο αυξάνεται η ανταγωνιστικότητα και η ξενοφοβία. Η ταύτιση με την επισφαλή αποξενωτική εργασία μειώνει την ενσυναίσθηση και λειτουργεί διαβρωτικά ως προς το αίσθημα αλληλεγγύης, εντείνοντας την ξενοφοβία και τον ανταγωνισμό. Αυτό έχει ως αποτέλεσμα η πολυσυζητημένη συμμαχία μεταξύ των επισφαλών, η οποία θα μπορούσε να αναδείξει ένα νέο πολιτικό υποκείμενο, ικανό να διεκδικήσει τη βελτίωση των συνθηκών εργασίας και των όρων ζωής τους, να αποτελεί μία εξαιρετικά δύσκολη υπόθεση.
The genome sequence of the Shuttle-shaped Dart, Agrotis puta (Hübner, 1803)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Broad Gavin R. ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective, Holland Peter W.H. ,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Agrotis puta (the Shuttle-shaped Dart; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence is 522 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the assembled Z chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.4 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl has identified 15,136 protein coding genes.
The genome sequence of the starlet sea anemone, Nematostella vectensis (Stephenson, 1935)
Authors: Fletcher Chris , Pereira da Conceicoa Lyndall ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual Nematostella vectensis (the starlet sea anemone; Cnidaria; Anthozoa; Actiniaria; Edwardsiidae). The genome sequence is 269.4 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 15 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.4 kilobases in length.
Walkability and physical activity: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bruno Giancarlo Bazarele Machado , Delpino Felipe Mendes , Miragem Antônio Azambuja , Olsson Leandro André Vieira , Mello Elza Daniel de
Published: February 2023

The appropriate area for walking, related to the flow of walking, on the sidewalks and crossing (walkability) influences the practice of physical activity. However, there is no evidence of meta-analyses that have evaluated this association. Therefore, this study presents a protocol to assess the association between walkability and physical activity. The systematic review protocol was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and will includes a search in the following databases: PubMed, SPORTDiscus, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane. It will include observational studies, cross-sectional and longitudinal, that assessed the association between walkability in the neighborhood and physical activity. The process of study selection will be conducted independently by two reviewers. The process will start by reading the titles and abstracts of interest, followed by the full reading of the articles through the Rayyan platform. We will assess the methodological and individual quality across the studies utilizing the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the Chi-Squared test (I2). To test the influence of variables in the meta-analysis results, we will use, whenever possible, the meta-regression technique. The meta-analysis results will be presented as Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval, through a random or fixed-effects model, according to estimate of clinical, statistical, and methodological heterogeneity. If possible, stratifications will be performed according to age group, sex, and physical activity levels. With the expected results, we hope that the knowledge will be useful to encourage the implementation of public policies for walkability in the neighborhood to increase physical activity levels.
Seeing Beyond the Here and Now: How Corporate Purpose Combats Corporate Myopia
Authors: Lee Ju Young , Bansal Pratima , Mascena Barbosa Alice
Published: February 2023

Corporations are currently confronting major, interlocking crises, including climate change, biodiversity loss, inequalities, and social isolation. When under threat, executives tend to focus inward and on the short term. This is particularly unfortunate because it is in such crises that executives need to see beyond the here and now in order to ride the storms. In this paper, we argue that corporate purpose helps organizations fight such myopia and offer four mechanisms through which this works: exposing new insights, seeing issues holistically, helping to sustain focus, and bringing unity and direction.

History: This paper has been accepted for the Strategy Science Special Issue on Corporate Purpose.

Funding: The authors acknowledge the generous funding from the Social Sciences and Humanities Council of Canada [Grant 895-2015-0026] that contributed to the broader project in which these ideas were generated.
Winged scapula caused by Parsonage-Turner syndrome after BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Ishizuka Kosuke , Ohira Yoshiyuki
Published: February 2023

A 45-year-old Japanese woman presented with difficulty moving her left shoulder. Ten months previously, the day after she had received her second dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, a severe stabbing pain occurred in her entire left upper extremity. The pain resolved within 2 weeks, although she developed difficulty moving her left shoulder. A left winged scapula was observed. Electromyography showed left upper brachial plexopathy with acute axonal involvement and abundant acute denervation potentials, consistent with Parsonage-Turner syndrome (PTS). PTS should be considered in patients with post-neuralgic motor paralysis of the unilateral upper extremity, which can occur after COVID-19 vaccination.
Management of root perforation and sodium hypochlorite extrusion injury
Authors: Hennebry Thomas , Chana Harpal
Published: February 2023

A patient was brought to A&E by their GDP who had injected sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) through a perforation in the patient's LR4, resulting in pain, swelling and immediate formation of a large, necrotic ulcer. Within 2 days, the patient developed paraesthesia in the distribution of the right mental nerve. Antibiotics and steroids were prescribed to alleviate the acute symptoms. The perforation was repaired with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and root canal treatment was completed with the aid of a microscope. Review appointments were arranged to monitor healing of the injury.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Management of iatrogenic root perforation and associated NaOCl injury is useful knowledge.
An anaphylactic replantation: milk allergy, tooth avulsion and appropriate storage media
Authors: Potter Rosemary , Granger Clare
Published: February 2023

Cow's milk is considered one of the gold standard storage media for avulsed teeth, and it is readily available. However, with the high prevalence of allergy to this milk, there is a potential danger of anaphylaxis when used as a storage medium. Its use and that of alternative storage media is discussed.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: There is a potential for anaphylaxis when cow's milk is used as a storage medium for an avulsed tooth.
‘Having regard to the findings made by the referrer’: medicolegal implications of case SC (2020) for hospital clinicians
Authors: Kayhanian Saeed , D'Sa Aaron J
Published: February 2023

A case concerning the management of a child with meningitis in a hospital paediatrics department provided a judgement that has significant potential implications for medical practice. The case establishes that the examination findings of a previous clinician must be taken into account when investigating and treating patients. This case is of medicolegal relevance to clinicians practising in tertiary centres and who receive patients from other hospitals. This article highlights the medicolegal implications of this case, using an example of cauda equina syndrome for neurosurgeons, a condition that can have fluctuating symptomatology and that already has a high burden of litigation.
Preparación del lecho de la herida: limpieza segura y eficaz con ácido hipocloroso pH 5.5
Authors: Castro Claudia Ramírez , Duran Bárbara Ampuero , González Carolina Latorre
Published: February 2023

Sinopsis:

El objetivo de la limpieza del lecho de la herida es favorecer la remoción de materia extraña, rehidratar el lecho y acelerar el proceso de cicatrización, considerando siempre una evaluación holística del paciente. La limpieza es un paso fundamental en la preparación del lecho de la herida. En los últimos años, se ha intensificado la búsqueda y elaboración de soluciones limpiadoras con el potencial de promover la curación mediante la eliminación de barreras locales para la curación, sin comprometer el tejido sano y/o en formación. Entre ellas, el ácido hipocloroso (HOCl) puro pH 5.5 cumple con los objetivos de la preparación del lecho de la herida y de limpieza terapéutica de forma biocompatible, segura, eficaz y natural. Este artículo tiene por objetivo realizar una revisión de la evidencia existente en relación con las soluciones limpiadoras y los beneficios del HOCl puro pH 5.5.

Conflicto de interés:

CRC declara no tener conflicto de interés. BAD y CLG son empleadas de Laboratorio UrgoMedical Chile.
Uroterapia y mindfulness en el tratamiento de niños con disfunción vesical e intestinal: protocolo para un ensayo clínico
Authors: Assis Gisela M. , Lima de Souza Bruna M. , Martins Gisele
Published: February 2023

Objetivo:

Presentar un protocolo para ensayo clínico controlado y aleatorizado que estudie los resultados de la asociación entre técnicas de uroterapia estándar y mindfulness en la adhesión al programa y reducción de síntomas de disfunción vesical e intestinal en escolares.

Método:

Presentación descriptiva del protocolo.

Resultados:

El grupo de control deberá recibir orientaciones de medidas comportamentales gradualmente en visitas semanales, durante cuatro semanas. Tales medidas deberán contemplar: control de la ingesta de agua, intervalo de evacuación, ingestión de potenciales irritantes de la vejiga, y entrenamiento muscular del fondo pélvico. El grupo experimental deberá ser sometido al mismo protocolo, además de las técnicas de atención plena (mindfulness), previamente al inicio de cada consulta de uroterapia.

Conclusión:

Se espera estimular la aplicación de este protocolo en diferentes escenarios y así evaluar la contribución de la práctica de atención plena en la adhesión al tratamiento y en la reducción de síntomas.
Curación de úlceras venosas crónicas inducida con un hidrogel de aloe vera, sorbitol, alantoína y glicerol
Authors: Ulloa Jorge H. , Bravo Javier , Moreno Oscar Y. , Cifuentes Sebastián , Ordoñez José , Figueroa Valentín
Published: February 2023

Objetivo:

Evaluar la eficacia de un hidrogel compuesto con aloe vera, sorbitol, alantoína y glicerol, y estudiar clínicamente los niveles de interleucina 6 (IL-6) para el tratamiento de úlceras venosas (UV).

Método:

Se realizó un ensayo clínico no aleatorizado de un solo brazo en 10 sujetos. Cada sujeto fue tratado con el hidrogel durante ocho semanas. Tras completar el período de seguimiento, se realizó una evaluación final de las puntuaciones clínicas y moleculares de cada paciente, que se comparó con los datos iniciales.

Resultados:

Los pacientes tratados con el hidrogel presentaron una reducción media del área de la UV de -1,12 cm5 (±2,53), reducción media del volumen de -1,47 cm6 (±3,43) y valor medio de IL-6 perilesional de -1,81 pg/mL (±8,07). También, se encontró una reducción media de la puntuación de la gravedad clínica venosa (VCSSr) de -9,3 (±2,62) y de la puntuación del dolor en la escala visual analógica (VAS) de -5,5 (±2,22).

Conclusión:

La IL-6 es un indicador molecular útil para la vigilancia de la cicatrización de heridas. El tratamiento con un hidrogel a base de aloe vera, sorbitol y alantoína favorece la cicatrización de la herida, mejora la calidad de vida y reduce los niveles de dolor de la UV.

Conflicto de interés:

El investigador principal, Dr Jorge Ulloa, declara recepción de recursos para investigación por parte de Humany Care. Este proyecto fue financiado por Humany Care.
Evaluación, prevención y tratamiento de MARSI en América latina: reporte del JWC Masterclass
Authors: Fronzo Camila
Published: February 2023

El 13 de julio de 2022, el Journal of Wound Care LATAM (JWC LATAM) presentó su primer Masterclass. Esta clase magistral fue transmitida en vivo, en formato de webinar. Contó con la participación de tres ponentes que abarcaron definición, causas, factores de riesgo y clasificación de MARSI. Describieron, también, cómo determinar quiénes están en riesgo de desarrollar MARSI, qué cuidados tener en cuenta para reducir el riesgo de este tipo de heridas, cuán desarrollado está el concepto de MARSI en América latina, y qué dice la literatura acerca de las mejores prácticas. El siguiente reporte resume los puntos más relevantes.

Conflicto de interés:

Ninguno.
Epidemiología de los desgarros de piel: revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Bandeira da Silva Cinthia V. , da Costa Silva Rayanne S. , Serna González Carol V. , Hevia Campos Heidi M. , Woo Kevin , Nogueira Paula C. , Gouveia Santos Vera L. Conceição de
Published: February 2023

Objetivo:

Identificar y describir la epidemiología de los desgarros de piel (DP) en el contexto latinoamericano.

Método:

Revisión bibliográfica de estudios epidemiológicos publicados entre 1946 y mayo de 2021, en inglés, español y portugués, consultados en texto completo. Para la búsqueda, se utilizaron descriptores correspondientes a la estrategia PCC: Población (adultos), Concepto (epidemiología de los DP) y Contexto (hospitalario e institucional). Los estudios fueron recuperados de las bases de datos Scielo, Lilacs, Embase, Cinahl, Medline y BDEnf, y evaluados por dos revisores independientes. Los instrumentos STROBE y Newcastle-Ottawa fueron usados para evaluar la calidad de estudios de prevalencia e incidencia, respectivamente.

Resultados:

En total, 21 publicaciones fueron incluidas (siete de ellas, de origen latinoamericano). La prevalencia, reportada en 16 estudios, estuvo entre 0,97 y 28,7%. La incidencia, reportada en cinco estudios, varió entre 3,8 y 40%. Los factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de DP fueron: historia previa de la lesión, puntajes bajos en la escala de Braden, dependencia para actividades básicas de la vida diaria, y edad avanzada. En América latina, Brasil se destaca como el país con mayor número de publicaciones (n=5; 23,8%).

Conclusión:

La mayoría de los DP pueden ser considerados eventos adversos evitables, por lo tanto, los valores de incidencia y prevalencia encontrados son elevados. La caracterización de la situación epidemiológica de los DP posibilita la creación de protocolos y políticas públicas para su prevención y detección precoz.

Conflicto de interés:

Todos los autores son miembros del International Skin Tears Advisory Panel (ISTAP). CVBS es consultora técnica. CVSG es conferencista. KW es miembro del Canadian Pressure Injury Advisory Panel, consultor en centros de heridas en Canadá, y conferencista para varias empresas internacionales en la industria del cuidado de las heridas.
Prevalencia de incontinencia urinaria en estudiantes universitarias del interior del Amazonas
Authors: Rocha Matos Gabrielle Silveira , de Souza Andrade Ercília , de Gouveia Santos Vera L. Conceição , Nogueira Paula C.
Published: February 2023

Objetivo:

Investigar la prevalencia de la incontinencia urinaria (IU) y sus factores asociados en estudiantes universitarias del interior del estado brasileño del Amazonas.

Método:

Estudio transversal, observacional, analítico y cuantitativo. La muestra de conveniencia fue compuesta por 72 estudiantes universitarias de entre 18 y 30 años. Un cuestionario sobre datos sociodemográficos y de salud fue aplicado. La prevalencia y caracterización de las pérdidas urinarias fueron obtenidas por el International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), en su versión adaptada y validada para Brasil. Los datos fueron analizados por estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales. Se emplearon las pruebas Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, Chi-cuadrado de Pearson y Exacto de Fisher, además de regresión logística (intervalo de confianza: 95% p<0,05).

Resultados:

La prevalencia de IU fue de 36,11% (26/72 estudiantes), predominantemente (80,77%) de urgencia (IUU). La edad difirió (p=0,031) entre los grupos de mujeres continentes (promedio=22,72. Desviación estándar (DE)=2,93 años) e incontinentes (promedio=21,23. DE=2,72 años). La situación predominante de pérdida fue “antes de llegar al baño” (30,77%) y el impacto de la IU sobre las actividades diarias fue considerado bajo. En el modelo de regresión logística, la edad fue un factor asociado a la presencia de IU (odds ratio (0R)=0,68; p=0,006).

Conclusión:

La IUU fue prevalente en la muestra estudiada, con la menor edad como factor asociado. La IU en mujeres jóvenes necesita ser mejor investigada para identificar otros factores que puedan estar relacionados con la condición encontrada en el interior del Amazonas.

Conflicto de interés:

Ninguno.
Building Apps
Authors: Willis Paul
Published: February 2023

THE CONNECTED REVOLUTION IS TAKING HOLD IN THE CONSTRUCTION VEHICLE INDUSTRY. NOW, AS WELL AS DESIGNING MACHINES, OEMs MUST CONSIDER DEVELOPING SMARTPHONE APPS TO ENHANCE THEIR VEHICLES’ CONNECTIONS WITH EACH OTHER AND EVEN HELP THEM COMMUNICATE WITH RIVAL BRANDS
Control the Future
Authors: Roper Jack
Published: February 2023

AS CONSTRUCTION BOOMS, THE SHORTAGE OF SKILLED LABOR IS REALLY BEGINNING TO BITE. THE INDUSTRY NEEDS MACHINES THAT CAN ASSIST INEXPERIENCED OPERATORS AND EVEN IMPROVE THE ACCURACY OF SKILLED ONES. AS WE ENTER THE ERA OF MACHINE CONTROL, CAN ANY OEM AFFORD TO IGNORE ITS POSSIBILITIES ANY LONGER?
Appetite for Destruction
Authors: Gordon James
Published: February 2023

DEMOLITION IS ONE OF THE MOST DANGEROUS JOBS ON ANY CONSTRUCTION SITE, WHICH IS WHY SMALL, REMOTE-CONTROL VEHICLES ARE LEADING THE CHARGE IN A NEW ERA OF INNOVATION
It's Electrifying!
Authors: Wordsworth Saul
Published: February 2023

AFTER MANY MONTHS DEVELOPING PROTOTYPE MACHINES, VOLVO CE HAS PROVED ITS CONCEPTS IN THE WORLD'S FIRST SEMI-AUTONOMOUS, ELECTRIC WORKSITE
Electric Evolution
Authors: Townsend Elizabeth
Published: February 2023

“IT'S NOT JUST DIFFERENT – IT'S UNIQUE”: HOW ONE MAN'S VISION CHANGED THE OFF-HIGHWAY INDUSTRY BY DELIVERING ECOVOLVE, THE WORLD'S FIRST PEDESTRIAN-OPERATED ELECTRIC DUMPER
Steering into the Future
Authors: Stadie Wolfgang
Published: February 2023

ONE WAY TO GET A COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN THE CROWDED TWO-AXLE OFF-HIGHWAY VEHICLE MARKET IS TO INSTALL ELECTROHYDRAULIC STEERING - TRADITIONALLY ONLY OFFERED IN LARGER MACHINES, BUT NOW POSSIBLE IN LOWER WEIGHT CLASSES
Designed Around Sound
Authors: Geller Hans Jürgen
Published: February 2023

EXTERNAL GEAR PUMPS ARE COMMONLY USED IN FORKLIFT TRUCKS AND CONSTRUCTION AND AGRICULTURAL MACHINES. ONE NEW PUMP HAS SPECIFICALLY BEEN CREATED TO SOUND AGREEABLE TO HUMAN EARS
Safety for Mobile Machines
Authors: Klingler-DEISEROTH Carmen
Published: February 2023

OFF-HIGHWAY OEMs ARE FINDING BENEFITS IN OUTSOURCING THE TASK OF MEETING THE EUROPEAN MACHINERY DIRECTIVE REQUIREMENTS ON SAFETY
Multiple Display Solution
Authors: Casari Stefano
Published: February 2023

INDUSTRIAL VEHICLE OEMs CAN STREAMLINE MACHINE DESIGNS BY INSTALLING A SINGLE COMPUTER THAT IS ABLE TO HANDLE MULTIDISPLAY SYSTEMS, INCLUDING 360° SURROUND VIEW, ON A CHOICE OF TWO OPERATING PLATFORMS
Improving Machine Learning
Authors: Horn Christoph
Published: February 2023

OEMs ARE INCREASINGLY USING TECHNOLOGY PLATFORMS TO STREAMLINE THE WORK OF OPERATORS AND IMPROVE THE FUNCTIONALITY OF MACHINES, SO THAT THEY INTERACT MORE PRODUCTIVELY WITH THE MATERIALS AT HAND
A Next-Generation Joystick
Authors: Gauthier Bertrand
Published: February 2023

IN THE OFF-HIGHWAY VEHICLE MARKET, OEMS AND SUPPLIERS ARE STRIVING TO IMPROVE ERGONOMICS AND COMFORT, AND REDUCE MUSCULAR FATIGUE FOR OPERATORS IN ORDER TO IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY
The Science Behind Comfort
Authors: Ward Wayne
Published: February 2023

OPERATOR HEALTH AND COMFORT IS BECOMING INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT FOR RETAINING TALENTED VEHICLE OPERATORS, REDUCING STAFF TURNOVER AND PROVIDING A SAFE AND PRODUCTIVE WORK ENVIRONMENT
Custom-Made HVAC Units
Authors: Rabatel Cyndie
Published: February 2023

A VARIETY OF ELEMENTS, INCLUDING STAFF AND CUSTOMER IDEAS, TEST FACILITIES AND CALCULATING TOOLS, ARE USED IN THE DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF CUSTOMER-SPECIFIC HVAC SOLUTIONS
India is a Land of Enormous Opportunity
Authors: Roper Jack
Published: February 2023

WITH VAST EXPERIENCE IN CREATING DURABLE, NO-NONSENSE MACHINES FOR THE DEMANDS OF THE CHINESE MARKET, SDLG IS WELL PLACED TO BUILD FURTHER ON ITS ALREADY CONSIDERABLE SUCCESS IN INDIA. THE OEM'S NEW HEAD OF BUSINESS IN INDIA, SURAT MEHTA, TALKS CANDIDLY ABOUT THE CHALLENGES, AND LOOKS AHEAD TO DECEMBER'S BAUMA CONEXPO INDIA EVENT
Display Size: Less is More
Authors: Kjellberg Mats
Published: February 2023

LARGE IN-CAB DISPLAYS ARE USEFUL AS MAIN TERMINALS, BUT WHERE SECONDARY FUNCTIONS NEED TO BE DISPLAYED OR SPACE IS LIMITED, A SMALLER BUT STILL FUNCTIONALLY DIVERSE DISPLAY IS NEEDED
Rethinking Engine Design
Authors: Reed James
Published: February 2023

OEMs ARE DEMANDING THAT NEW ENGINES BE VALIDATED NOT SIMPLY IN ISOLATION, BUT AS PART OF COMPLETE POWER SYSTEMS, THEREFORE THE BEST CHOICES ARE ONES THAT HAVE UNDERGONE A RIGOROUS, DIVERSE ASSESSMENT
Innovative Control Systems
Authors: Howe Christian
Published: February 2023

SMART DESIGN CAN ENABLE COMPLEX MACHINE FUNCTIONS TO BE CONTROLLED WITH SIMPLE, ERGONOMIC SWITCHES, THUMBWHEELS, PADDLES AND LEVERS, FOR ADVANCED OVERALL FUNCTIONALITY
Safety Without Compromise
Authors: Usselmann Alexander
Published: February 2023

WITH THE INEXORABLE RISE OF ELECTRIC POWERTRAINS, LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES THAT MAINTAIN HIGH PERFORMANCE BUT DON'T OVERHEAT ARE BECOMING INCREASINGLY ATTRACTIVE
A Peek Into 3D Printing
Authors: Lee Peter
Published: February 2023

Professor Peter Lee, from University College London is using the ultimate NDT tool, Diamond Light Source in Oxfordshire, UK, to improve additive manufacturing processess
Supersonic Starter
Authors: Coppinger Robert
Published: February 2023

Supersonic airliner developer boom is set to fly its XB-1 technology demonstrator next year after extensive computer simulations and physical testing in wind tunnels
In the Shadows
Authors: Sands Glenn
Published: February 2023

Materials and designs to reduce the observability of aircraft have moved from expensive curiosities to an integral part of fighters and bombers
Testing Connections
Authors: Eden Paul E
Published: February 2023

Private flyers demand connectiviey, but equipping their aircraft with high-speed broadband is techonologically challenging and requires aircraft that test, validate the techonology
A Leap of Faith
Authors: Smith Paige
Published: February 2023

Bridget Salo is running the Denel Overberg Range in South Africa as a MultiPurpose Test Facility
Capture & Control
Authors: Williams Andrew
Published: February 2023

Engineers are rapidly developing systems and devices to manage the flight of drones and capture them if they turn into a threat
On-Wing Innovation
Authors: Sampson Ben
Published: February 2023

Researchers at Nottingham University are developing robotic tools that could revolutionize the on-wing inspection and monitoring of aircraft engines
The Impossible Aircraft
Authors: Sampson Ben
Published: February 2023

Devised during the height of the cold war, the X-29 helped develop several key features of 21st century fighter jets
The Whole Picture
Authors: Roper Jack
Published: February 2023

Digital image correlation is maturing into an accurate and trusted tool for aerospace engineers to employ in many different testing scenarios
Balarcing Act
Authors: Sampson Ben
Published: February 2023

A measured approach to modernization is helping the UK's weapons test and evaluation capability meet the requirements of customers and industry
Now is the Time to Deliver
Authors: Hopley Lee
Published: February 2023

The government’s Industrial Strategy must be implemented as soon as possible to fix manufacturing’s productivity shortfall
Employment Law SOS
Authors: McHale Sean
Published: February 2023

This month, our employment law specialist investigates offensive remarks made at an in-house awards ceremony, a case of physical abuse on the shopfloor and potentially sexist workplace bullying during an internal meeting
Energy Drive
Authors: Beck Chris
Published: February 2023

Energy is becoming an increasingly important discussion in manufacturing boardrooms across the UK - but are companies doing enough to realise meaningful savings?
Will you Take the Risk?
Authors: Hart Jerome
Published: February 2023

Looking at the psychology of health & safety can remove some of the instinctive errors we all make
Driving Forward
Authors: Offord Adam
Published: February 2023

Forklift truck manufacturer Combilift has opened its brand-new global headquarters and manufacturing facility in Ireland
A Tall Order
Authors: Norman Helen
Published: February 2023

Following the launch of the Climate Challenge earlier this year, the Federal Railroad Administration’s (FRA) Michael Johnsen, senior advisor on climate and sustainability, provides his view on how the US’s rail sector will hit the challenge’s target of net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050
Take on Board
Authors: Dyble Jonathan
Published: February 2023

Reducing the energy and power consumption of onboard auxiliaries is a key priority for rail operators in meeting sustainability targets. Here, EHRT looks at some of the key technologies worth exploring
Watch this Space
Authors: Evans Benedict
Published: February 2023

Williams Advanced Engineering is set to use its experience gained in Formula E to develop the world’s most efficient battery-electric locomotive for its new owners, Fortescue Metal Group
Plug and Play
Authors: Roberts Steve
Published: February 2023

How can off-the-shelf plug & play DC/DC converters meet the specific requirements of railway applications, without any additional user effort?
Waste Not, Want Not
Authors: Pyke Daniel
Published: February 2023

Ditching diesel cannot be achieved by the efforts of the rail sector alone
Power Up
Authors: Satheesh Nitesh , Gaonkar Vipin
Published: February 2023

Improving the efficiency of hybrid and all-electric trains with silicon arbide
Dual-FBG bearing fault probe based on a CNN-LSTM-encoder network
Authors: Lyu Chengang , Xiao Yanping , Tian Jiachen , Deng Yi , Hu Xinyue , Jin Jie
Published: February 2023

A centimeter-sized bearing fault probe based on dual-fiber Bragg grating vibration
sensing is proposed. The probe can provide multi-carrier heterodyne
vibration measurements based on swept source optical coherence
tomography technology and the synchrosqueezed wavelet transform method
to obtain a wider vibration frequency response range and collect more
accurate vibration data. For the sequential characteristics of bearing
vibration signals, we propose a convolutional neural network with long
short-term memory and transformer encoder. This method is proven in
bearing fault classification under variable working conditions, and
the accuracy rate reaches 99.65%.
Short dual-core GaAs photonic crystal fiber splitter with a broad bandwidth and ultrahigh extinction ratio
Authors: Zeng Yanshu , Lv Jingwei , Yang Lin , Liu Wei , Yi Zao , Liu Qiang , Hu Chunjie , Lv Yan , Chu Paul K. , Liu Chao
Published: February 2023

Microstructured polarization beam splitters (PBSs) have attracted much interest in
recent years. Here, a ring double-core photonic crystal fiber (PCB)
PSB (PCB-PSB) with an ultrashort, broadband, and high extinction ratio
(ER) was designed. The effects of the structural parameters on the
properties were analyzed by the finite element method, which revealed
that the optimal length of the PSB was 19.08877 µm and the ER
was −324.257dB. The operating bandwidth for an ER of
less than −20dB is 440 nm, and the wavelength
range spans the full E+S+C+L+U band between 1,320 and
1,760 nm. The fault and manufacturing tolerance of the PBS was
demonstrated for structural errors of ±1%. Moreover, the influence of
temperature on the performance of the PBS was determined and
discussed. Our results show that a PBS has excellent potential in
optical fiber sensing and optical fiber communications.
Needs and Prospects for Atmospheric Remote Sensing
Authors: Little C. Gordon
Published: February 2023

Summary not available.
Specifications for a Practical Long Range Remote Wind Sensor for Range Support Applications
Authors: Loveland R. B. , Lawerence Rhidian H.
Published: February 2023

Specifications are presented for a conical scan, long range, pulsed laser velocimeter. The specifications represent a state-of-the-art design for an operational device to support testing at the national ranges. Emphasis is placed on efficient response to operational requirements rather than on the fabrication of a general purpose research tool.
Quantitative Extinction Measurements with the Visioceilometer
Authors: Lentz W. J.
Published: February 2023

In recent years lidar (light detection and ranging) has made significant technical and theoretical advances. These advances have permitted the construction of a small, rugged, self-contained battery-operated lidar which measures visibility automatically without external inputs. This lidar measures cloud ceiling height and visibility from a single 1.06μm laser pulse with a modified AN/GVS-5 laser rangefinder. Since visibility and cloud ceiling height are measured, the lidar has been dubbed a visioceilometer.
Evolution of the Nocturnal Boundary Layer as sensed by a Doppler Lidar Velocimeter
Authors: Emmitt G. D. , Fitzjarrald D.
Published: February 2023

The onset of a low level jet and downslope winds is described with wind measurements taken with NASA/MSFC's Doppler Lidar during the 1982 JAWS in Denver, Colorado.
Wind Monitoring Along the Trajectory in Support of Rocket Firings*
Authors: Wilson D.J.
Published: February 2023

Although CO2 laser Doppler velocimeters have been available in semi-breadboard form for over 10 years, only with the introduction of compact, reliable wave-guide lasers have these systems become available for the tactical environment. Today requirements can be identified for using rugged, compact laser velocimeters for monitoring wind velocities in the boost phase regime in support of free-flight rocket systems.
The study of the distribution function of the quantum efficiency of HgCdTe photoelectrical dioe used in herent laser detection
Authors: Yongjing Dai , Mingjia Pi , Lijie Chiao
Published: February 2023

In the paper the quantum efficiency function of the responsive element of a Hg1-xCdxTe photoelectrical diode has been measured. A method of solving convolution equation is applied, in order to improve the resolution of light spot scanning. The inhomogeneity of the detector also discussed.
Effects of Atmospheric Scattering on Irradiance Distribution of a Downward-Propagating Laser Beam
Authors: Lawrence George N. , Herman Benjamin M.
Published: February 2023

The primary objective of this task is to determine the irradiance distribution of a spaceborne communication system at the surface of the ocean as a function of the laser properties, the optical configuration, diffraction propagation, and atmospheric scattering. In order to make best use of the energy available from the spaceborn laser communications system it is desirable' to have uniform illumination in the target region on the surface of the earth. If the illumination is significantly nonuniform, it will be necessary to specify the system parameters such as laser power and the area of illumination on the basis of the minimum irradiance. This will result in increased cost and reduced effectiveness of the system.
Atmospheric Distortion of Wideband Carbon Dioxide Laser Waveforms
Authors: Kachelmyer A. L. , Knowlden R. E. , Keicher W. E.
Published: February 2023

The performance of wideband carbon dioxide laser waveforms is severely reduced by absorption and anomalous dispersion caused by atmospheric carbon dioxide. This paper deals with modeling and analyzing these atmospheric distortion effects.

The latest version of the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory (AFGL) FASCODE program is used to perform some CO2 laser line atmospheric transmittance calculations. Data from these transmittance calculations are then used to develop a two-way path model of the amplitude and phase distortion for a given transmit/receive path. The matched filter response to wideband signals is used to illustrate the net effect of this atmospheric absorption and dispersion. Results are presented which include the effect of relative motion (Doppler shift) between the transmitter and the receiver.
Determination of the direction of the velocity using a cw-homodyne Laser Doppier system
Authors: Werner Ch. , Biselli E.
Published: February 2023

In the majority of cases by using a laser Doppler system for remote velocity measurements, the direction of the movement is known and the method therefore only needs the information on the magnitude of the velocity. For ground based wind measurements, the conditions are far more unfavourable: the targets are aerosol particles of different size distribution, the direction of movement is indefinite (except for rain and falling snow, where the Z-component is known), and the backscatter power is small. As long as the reference signal for the mixing is derived from the transmitter (homodyne system), the ambiguity of the sign cannot be eliminated.
Advances in e-beam Sustained CO2 Laser Technology
Authors: Brown M.J. , Holman W. , Robinson R.J. , Schwarzenberger P.M. , Smith I.M. , Harris M. R. , Willetts D.V.
Published: February 2023

The proposed use of an e-beam sustained CO2 laser as a source for spaceborne Doppler wind lidar applications has many potential advantages. These include high efficiency, low CO2 dissociation and a top-hat pulse shape with an optimum pulse length. Despite these obvious advantages, the use of e-beam sustained technology has an area of potential risk from a deployment standpoint. This results from the necessity to use a thin metal foil as an interface between the electron gun and laser The foil can become fatigued with repeated laser pulsing and the foil can then break, resulting in a failure of the entire laser.
Requirements for Single Transverse Mode Operation of CO2 Lasers Using Unstable Resonators
Authors: Moody S.E. , Bowers M.S. , Lawrence T.R. , Cunningham D.L.
Published: February 2023

Lasers for coherent radar must meet multiple stringent, and often conflicting, requirements. High pulse energy, high efficiency, and high frequency domain purity are often required simultaneously. One laser design tool used to meet these requirements is the use of unstable resonators. As is well known, these resonators maximize the useful volume of the gain medium and, therefore, the energy extraction and efficiency of any laser with a large-diameter gain volume. Extensive use of unstable resonators has been made to date for CO2 lasers for coherent radar. In the future, it is reasonable to assume that similar techniques will be applied to solid-state coherent lasers being developed for shorter wavelengths.
Advances in CO2 Laser Catalyst Development and Testing
Authors: Upchurch Billy T.
Published: February 2023

Advances in CO-O2 recombination catalyst development and testing for use in long-life, closed-cycle, pulsed isotopic CO2 lasers such as NASA's Laser Atmospheric Wind Sounder will be presented.
LAWS Laser Transmitter Phase One Study
Authors: Schwarzenberger P.M.
Published: February 2023

GEC Avionics has carried out the Phase One Laser Transmitter Study for the Laser Atmospheric Wind Sounder (LAWS), under contract to Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, prime contractor for LAWS under contract to NASA.
Representativity of a single line-of-sight wind component
Authors: Werner Ch. , Streicher J. , Wildgruber G.
Published: February 2023

One of the most important inputs to numerical weather forecasting, climatology etc., that is still lacking is a full global set of three-dimensional wind data. A Doppler lidar holds promise of being able to help rectify this deficiency by monitoring winds globally in cloud free areas.
A Coherent Lidar Simulation Model for Simulating Space-Based and Aircraft-Based Lidar Winds
Authors: Wood S.A. , Emmitt G.D. , Bai D. , Wood L.S. , Greco S.
Published: February 2023

The U.S. Air Force (USAF) seeks reliable measurements of winds in the vicinity of clouds from the perspective of a satellite platform or high altitude aircraft. These wind observations may be used as input to tactical decision aids or assimulated into weather forecast models. There is also interest in making direct wind measurements below clouds by sampling through optically thin gaps. To develop an optimal design concept for such lidar platforms, a simulation model has been developed to address questions of optimum laser wavelength, pulse length, minimum power, scanning strategies, optimal signal processing and wind computation algorithms. This paper presents an operational simulation model (Defense Lidar Simulation Model (DLSM)) for space-based/airborne coherent Doppler lidar wind sounders that produce simulated lidar winds using either global or mesoscale atmospheric model wind fields.
NT n° 6539/95 Coherent laser detection and receivers for Doppler Wind lidars
Authors: Royer Michel , Charasse Rémy , Midavaine Thierry
Published: February 2023

HF receiverssubsystems are under R&D in order to be implemented in laser wind sounder (LIDAR) for spaceborne polar platforms. The purpose is the study of the global change climate in tropics atmosphere by measuring continuously and world-wide wind speeds.
Diode-Pumped 2-Micron Laser Technology for Coherent Lidar Applications
Authors: Suni Paul J.M. , Phillips Mark W. , Hale Charley P. , Wagner Gregory J. , Henderson Sammy W. , Richmond Richard
Published: February 2023

The viability of using coherent laser radar systems in non-laboratory settings is in many cases dependent upon compact and reliable designs. We recently developed the first diode-pumped solid-state lidar transceiver to meet formal flight test requirements, which demonstrates that the engineering issues required for adverse environments can be solved. More and more applications are also found that require pulse energies significantly higher than those demonstrated with eye-safe diode-pumped lasers to date. We have made significant further progress towards the development of compact lasers, as well as increased pulse energies, and will present the highlights of these developments.
An Overview of CNRS Activities in Lidar Signal Modeling, Data Analysis, and Assimilation
Authors: Flamant P.H.
Published: February 2023

During the last decade CNRS, supported by CNES and ESA, conducted theoretical and experimental studies to advance airborne and space-based wind like a lidar application. Among others, the effort addresses modeling and numerical simulations to assess the performance, advanced signal processing, lidar data and meteorological model interaction, and critical components like single-mode TE-CO2 lidar.
Design of Diffractive Optics for Concentration of Light From Diode Laser Arrays
Authors: Leger J. R. , Goltsos W. C. , Delaney W.F. , Griswold M.P.
Published: February 2023

Diode-laser arrays are becoming increasingly popular as illumination sources because of their high efficiency, reliability, and ability to produce large amounts of optical power from a small package. In addition, their relatively narrow spectral bandwidth makes them ideal pump sources for solid-state lasers. This paper describes an optical technique to concentrate light from a linear diode-laser array into a small spot with a minimum divergence. Such optics are ideally suited to coupling into multimode optical fibers and longitudinal pumping of solid-state lasers.