bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Handwritten Documents Validation Using Pattern Recognition and Transfer Learning
Authors: Aissam Jadli , Hain Mustapha , Chergui Adil
Published: September 2021

Handwritten documents in an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system can come from different sources and usually have different designs, sizes, and subjects (i.e. bills, checks, invoices, etc.). Given these documents were filled manually, they have to be inspected to detect various kinds of issues (missing signature or stamp, missing name, etc.) before being saved in the ERP system or processed by an OCR engine. In this paper, the authors present a transfer learning approach to detect issues in scanned handwritten documents, using an award-winning deep convolutional neural network (InceptionV3) and different machine learning algorithms such as Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Naive Bayes (NB). The experiment shows that the combination of InceptionV3 and LR got an accuracy of 91.8% for missing stamp detection. This can allow using this approach in an ERP system as an automatic verification procedure in a document processing flow.
Research on the Impact of Information Security Certification and Concealment on Financial Performance
Authors: Wu Wenqing , Shi Kun , Wu Chia-Huei , Liu Jiayue
Published: September 2021

With the rapid development of information technology, information security has been gaining attention. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has issued international standards and technical reports related to information security, which are gradually being adopted by enterprises. This study analyzes the relationship between information security certification (ISO 27001) and corporate financial performance using data from Chinese publicly listed companies. The study focusses on the impact of corporate decisions such as whether to obtain certification, how long to hold certification, and whether to publicize information regarding certification. The results show that there is a positive correlation between ISO 27001 and financial performance. Moreover, the positive impact of ISO 27001 on financial performance gradually increases with time. In addition, choosing not to publicize ISO 27001 certification can negatively affect enterprise performance.
Research on C2C E-Commerce Taxation Based on Mixed Decision Game
Authors: Yu Jiamian , Yu Haiyan
Published: September 2021

The rapid rise of C2C e-commerce in China has brought serious difficulties to China's tax collection and management. Based on the principle of progressive taxation, the necessity of Taxation on C2C e-commerce is analyzed and discussed. It is shown that the absence of Taxation in C2C e-commerce is contrary to the principle of tax equity and tax neutrality, and the tax revenue is lost.It is demonstrated that it is imperative that China to implement C2C e-commerce taxation in a comprehensive and standardized way. By constructing a hybrid decision game model between C2C business operators and tax authorities, the static game analysis of incomplete information is conducted for the balance of interests between tax authorities and e-commerce operators.
Two new species of the genus Macrocheilus from Cambodia (Coleoptera: Carabidae, helluonini)
Authors: Allegro Gianni , Giachino Pier Mauro , Kong Vannak
Published: September 2021

Two new species of Macrocheilus hope, 1838 from Cambodia (M. cambodianus sp. nov. and M. walterrossii sp. nov.), similar in external morphology to Macrocheilus chaudoiri Andrewes, 1919, are described. Moreover, the holotype of M. ruficollis heller, 1923 (= M. chaudoiri) is illustrated. A key to the species of Macrocheilus from the Oriental region with reddish pronotum and two pale spots on each elytron is also provided.
The Athletic Identity of Collegiate Athletic Trainers: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Eason Christianne M. , Clines Stephanie
Published: September 2021

Context

Empirical and anecdotal evidence suggests that many athletic trainers (ATs) are former athletes and selected the profession because of its affiliation with sport. Qualitative research has indicated that collegiate ATs may have a strong athletic identity, but the concept of athletic identity has not been quantified in this population.

Objective

To quantitatively assess the athletic identity of collegiate ATs and determine if group differences exist.

Design

Cross-sectional observational study.

Setting

Collegiate clinical setting.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 255 (n = 93 men [36%], n = 162 women [63%]; n = 2 did not indicate sex [1%]) ATs employed in the collegiate setting.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Data were collected via a web-based survey platform that was designed to measure athletic identity. Demographic information was analyzed for frequency and distribution. Mann-Whitney U tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests were calculated to determine if group differences existed.

Results

The large majority of respondents (90%) self-identified as having participated in organized sport and yet scored moderately on the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (22.9 ± 7.9). No sex differences were present in overall athletic identity (P = .446), but women had higher levels of negative affectivity (P = .045) than men. Testing also revealed group differences based on current employment setting for social identity (P = .020), with scores for those in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I less than those in Division II, Division III, and the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics. Exclusivity in NCAA Division III was lower (P = .030) than that in NCAA Division II and National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics ATs.

Conclusions

Components of athletic identity appeared to vary based on the employment setting of collegiate ATs and may be related to the number of hours worked in the summer. The moderate athletic identity scores of collegiate ATs were comparable with those of former athletes who selected career paths outside of sport. This may indicate adaptive career decision processes.
Analiza influenței disturbanțelor asupra diversității speciilor forestiere din Ocolul silvic Râșca folosind modelul LandClim
Authors: Coșofreț Cosmin , Palaghianu Ciprian , Bouriaud Laura
Published: September 2021

Diversitatea specifică reprezintă o modalitate directă de evaluare a biodiversității, iar indicele de entropie Shannon este cel mai frecvent utilizat. Diversitatea speciilor forestiere variază în limite largi între diferite zone sau regiuni. Modelul LandClim este potrivit pentru a surprinde dinamica vegetației forestiere la scări temporale și spațiale mari, cât și efectele unor disturbanțe asupra diversității, care diferă în funcție de anumite particularități climatice, de mediu sau de amplasare a ecosistemelor afectate. Scopul lucrării este de a identifica cum este afectată diversitatea speciilor forestiere de disturbanțe într-un scenariu climatic care proiectează schimbări climatice cu un impact redus și care este evoluția diversității speciilor la diferite clase altitudinale și de expoziție.
Simulările dinamicii compoziționale efectuate în acest studiu arată că, odată cu creșterea intensității și dimensiunii disturbanțelor, de la scenariul fără astfel de evenimente spre cel cu disturbanțe mixte, se majorează valorile diversității speciilor. Totodată, creșterea în altitudine conduce la o diferențiere mai clară a diversității între scenarii. La altitudinile extreme, evoluția diversității este mai puternic influențată de expoziție, în timp ce altitudinile intermediare oferă o diversitate specifică relativ constantă în cazul evenimentelor disturbante mixte și antropice.
Rezultatele simulărilor prezintă modul în care acționează disturbanțele și care sunt efectele acestora, ce trebuie nu doar înțeles ci și încorporat în sistemul de management forestier. Efectele pozitive, cu referire directă la creșterea diversității specifice, ar trebui valorificate, prin păstrarea speciilor pioniere inițial instalate. Acțiunea naturii și a silvicultorului ar trebui să fie măcar parțial convergentă, evitând omogenizarea specifică excesivă a arboretelor, impusă uneori de normative tehnice specifice prea rigide. Folosirea reacției naturale a unui ecosistem și încorporarea efectelor pozitive ale disturbanțelor naturale în managementul silvic poate reprezenta o modalitate adecvată de creare a unor arborete adaptate noilor realități climatice.
Evaluarea performanței culegătorilor de produse forestiere nelemnoase din Republica Moldova prin intermediul metodei neparametrice de analiză a frontierei posibilităților de producție (DEA)
Authors: Novac Gheorghe , Bouriaud Laura , Drăgoi Marian , Racul Anatol
Published: September 2021

Lucrarea abordează un subiect actual și important a cărui studiere este absolut necesară societății și sectorului de produse forestiere nelemnoase (PFNL). Motivația studiului a fost reliefarea importanței științifice și practice a PFNL pentru comunitățile rurale și pentru întreaga ramură silvică. Alegerea temei de cercetare este justificată de interesul din ce în ce mai ridicat față de PFNL la nivel național și internațional. Scopul cercetării a fost studierea performanței culegătorilor produselor forestiere nelemnoase prin intermediul metodei neparametrice de analiză a frontierei posibilităților de producție (data  envelopment analysis DEA). Studiul prezent este o aplicație a metodei DEA menită a  diferenția culegătorii PFNL eficienți de cei ineficienți, în vederea creșterii continue a productivității și eficienței muncii. Datele primare au fost obținute în rezultatul anchetării pe un eșantion de 510 persoane din 164 localități, răspândite în cele 16 raioane din R. Moldova. În cadrul anchetei au fost incluse 172 de variabile care au descris activitățile de bază în procesul de culegere a PFNL. Prelucrarea statistică a informației primare în baza de date s-a efectuat cu ajutorul aplicației SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), prin metoda componentelor principale, unde au fost incluse unele variabile nominale și numerice. Rezultatele arată că cei mai eficienți culegători de PFNL sunt persoanele care culeg de pe terenurile degradate, gestionate de primărie, cu scopul de a vinde, recoltându-le prin scuturare sau tăiere, procesându-le sub formă uscată, unde există un punct de colectare. Profilul tip al culegătorilor eficienți mai presupune că aceștia merg la cules cu cunoscuții, se deplasează cu mașina până la 10 km și consideră că această activitate contribuie foarte mult la venitul familiei.
Troski ojca wysyłającego synów po edukację za granicę w świetle korespondencji Stanisława M. Rzewuskiego, wojewody podlaskiego, z lat 1720-1727
Authors: Palkij Henryk
Published: September 2021

Concerns of the Father Sending his Sons Abroad for Education in the Light of the Correspondence of Stanisław M. Rzewuski, Voivode of Podlasie in the Years 1720–1727

The paper presents educational trips of sons: Seweryn Józef (older) and Wacław (younger) from the viewpoint of their father Stanisław Mateusz Rzewuski – the Voivode of Podlasie, later the Great Crown Hetman. Seweryn’s travel through Germany, Belgium, France, Italy and Austria took place under the custody of Marcin Kawiecki in the years 1720–1723. Knowing his son, the hetman was afraid of the results of the trip, but he did not spare his time and costs to ensure its successful accomplishment. However, he did not expect his son to cause so much trouble to him. The incident in Brussels affected the further course of the trip and forced the hetman to keep reminding the son of his expectations. Seweryn’s attitude also made the whole trip much more expensive. Less turbulent was Wacław’s trip (from circa the middle of 1724 to circa Easter of 1727), which he made on a similar route, also under Kawiecki’s custody. The hetman was satisfied with its results, but he was concerned about his son’s passion for flute playing that had emerged in the meantime. The educational trips under consideration were an example of a typical educational path of a young nobleman, which comprised home education, school lessons and travelling abroad. Their aim was to prepare sons for active participation in political life and to reinforce the family’s position in the Commonwealth.
Codzienność w rzeczach śp. Emilii z Friedleinów Majerowej. Inwentarz pośmiertny z 1842 r.
Authors: Danowska Ewa
Published: September 2021

Everyday Life in the Things of the Late Emilia Majerowa, Neé Friedlein. A Posthumous Inventory Dated 1842

The manuscript collections of the Scientific Library of the PAAS and the PAS in Cracow (manuscript 3906) include an inventory prepared after the death of Emilia Majerowa, neé Friedlein, who died in Cracow in 1842. Her husband was Wojciech, a lawyer, and her brother-in-law was Józef Majer, the president of the Academy of Arts and Sciences. The inventory of movables was drawn up after their owner’s death; their evaluation played an important role in inheritance proceedings. The reliability of such a document is not questionable. Today it provides information about the material culture of the epoch and social class concerned – in this case, a wealthy intellectual house from the times of the Free City of Cracow. The posthumous inventory of Emilia Majerowa’s property is quite large, containing thoroughly described and evaluated home equipment, clothes, jewellery, a large library for the standards of those times, and financial documents. The edition of the inventory was preceded by a preface with facts about the Majer family, as well as information concerning the characteristics of the posthumous inventory as a legal document. The paper ends with a glossary of Old Polish terms that were still used at that time and are a characteristic part of the 19th-century vocabulary.
Zygmunt Mineyko (1840-1925) i poszukiwanie starożytnej Dodony
Authors: Śliwa Joachim
Published: September 2021

Zygmunt Mineyko (1840 –1925) and the Discovery of Ancient Dodona

The text is devoted to Zygmunt Mineyko – a participant of the 1863 January Uprising, who had to look for safety in Western Europe after the collapse of the patriotic insurrection and the resulting repressions. Having acquired relevant professional qualifications in France, Mineyko worked as a specialist in civil engineering in the vast territory of the Ottoman Empire. In the years 1875–1876, working in the north-western part of Greece (Epirus), he managed to identify the location of Dodona – the main ancient sanctuary of Zeus. Due to the shortage of funds, he accepted financial support from a rich Greek Konstantinos Karapanos. In 1878, Karapanos issued a publication in Paris in which he attributed the discovery of the sanctuary and the results of work entirely to himself, mentioning only briefly Mineyko as his assistant engineer. From that moment on, Mineyko started to strive for the acknowledgement of his rights as a discoverer. His actions were not always effective, but the essential argument still laid in his hands. The most important historic items still belonged to him, as they had been discovered already at the time when he carried on the search by himself. A particularly valuable group of these objects (the famous group of the “Dodona bronzes”) was sold to the Museum in Berlin via his eldest daughter and sonin-law Ludwik Karol Potocki only in 1904. The text quotes also archive materials from the collection of the Academy of Arts and Sciences that were drawn up in 1877; Mineyko tried to arouse interest in his discovery also by presenting it directly to Polish experts in ancient history. Within the scope of the activity of the Archaeological Commission, on the basis of materials submitted by Mineyko, Professor Marian Sokołowski prepared a long report, defending Mineyko’s rights to the discovery (the text was published in the subsequent year).
Dokumentacja fotograficzna kościoła Świętej Katarzyny w Krakowie w zbiorze fotografii Karola Lanckorońskiego
Authors: Korczyński Adam
Published: September 2021

The Photographic Documentation of St Catherine’s Church in Cracow in Karol Lanckoroński’s Collection of Photographs

A collection of photographs gathered by Karol Lanckoroński serves as a kind of photographic archive today. Because of the authorship of photographs kept there, this collection is not only of documentary, but also collector’s and artistic value. Kept in the Phototheque of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences, this 19th-century photographic documentation contains, among others, photographs concerning St Catherine’s Church and the Augustinians’ monastery in the Cracow district of Kazimierz, as well as historic items and works of art connected with these sites. Most of the 47 identified thematic prints are signed with the surname Krieger. Made in Ignacy Krieger’s Studio, the photographic documentation of St Catherine’s Church that Karol Lanckoroński decided to put in his collection separates a number of thematic categories that are its characteristic features: the architecture of the church and the monastery, sepulchral architecture and sculpture, panel painting and the main altar serving as an example of 17th-century “monumental woodcarving”. Thus, the photographs described in the paper serve as interesting and valuable archive materials.
Karpackie badania Józefa Dziędzielewicza
Authors: Ślusarczyk Janusz M.
Published: September 2021

Carpathian Research by Józef Dziędzielewicz

This paper presents an outline of the history of entomological research by Józef Dziędzielewicz, a long-year collaborator of the Cracow Scientific Society and the Academy of Arts and Sciences, that was conducted by him in the Carpathians at the turn of the 20th century. Dziędzielewicz was a self-taught expert in natural sciences. Thanks to research and publication, he became an authority on a European scale in the field of insects from the Neuropterida clade, which are currently categorised into a few separate orders. Most of his research works concerned caddisflies (Trichoptera) and dragonflies (Odonata).
During many years of his research, Dziędzielewicz made an extraordinary contribution to the knowledge of the world of Carpathian insects. He was one of the most outstanding entomologists both in the history of Polish and European science. He was known as an excellent taxonomist and morphologist, and he introduced a number of new species into science. He collaborated with many European entomologists, particularly with Professor František Klapálek from Prague.
He conducted field research on the fauna and distribution of Neuropterida in the Eastern Carpathians in Pokuttya, Podolia, Silesia, the Tatras and in the large part of Outer Subcarpathia. Apart from fauna lists and taxonomic reflections, his works contain many elements from the field of zoogeography and biology of insects. He also promoted the use of Polish generic names, sometimes creating new ones. He described several newly discovered species from the Trichoptera order.
Listy Zofii Stryjeńskiej (1891-1976) do Zofii i Zdzisława Jachimeckich w zbiorach Biblioteki Naukowej PAU i PAN w Krakowie
Authors: Branc Iwona
Published: September 2021

Letters by Zofia Stryjeńska (1891–1976) to Zofia and Zdzisław Jachimecki in the Collection of the Library of the PAAS and the PAS in Cracow

The edition of letters written by Zofia Stryjeńska (1891–1976), an outstanding artist of the interwar period, to Zofia and Zdzisław Jachimecki includes several letters from the years 1917, 1931 and 1935. Zofia Jachimecka (1886–1973), a translator from Italian and German and her husband Zdzisław (1882–1953), a musicologist, ran an artistic & social salon in their apartment at ul. Grodzka 47 in Cracow.
Kept in the Special Collection of the Scientific Library of the PAAS and the PAS, the short and concise correspondence recalls the times of the cultural elite of the interwar period.
The paper presents the life and artistic achievements of Stryjeńska and Zofia and Zdzisław Jachimecki. Their mutual interest in music and theatre and a similar way of perceiving art are visible in their artistic output.
The paper contains many quotations from persons connected with intellectual Cracow, which testifies to the significant status of Stryjeńska and Jachimecki. The content of letters created an opportunity to recall the names of outstanding persons who have been connected with the culture and science of Cracow.
Rola i znaczenie i archiwów rodzinnych w badaniach naukowych. Kilka kart z archiwum rodzinnego Kotkowskich…
Authors: Majkowska Rita
Published: September 2021

The Role and Importance of Family Archives in Research. A Few Pages From the Archive of the Kotkowski Family...

On the basis of a few selected groups of materials (correspondence, texts of memoirs, albums with photographs, documents and personal writings) from the family archive, the author shows how much information taken from it can be used for various kinds of historical research. The paper is an encouragement to draw the attention of an ordinary citizen to the necessity of preserving family souvenirs, particularly archive materials. This is particularly important in the period when, due to its speed, technical revolution makes it possible to record information in new forms while causing a limited possibility of preserving documentation, e.g., correspondence. The paper serves as a response to the “Become a Family Archivist” workshop – a campaign that has recently been promoted by the National Management of State Archives. The history of the branch of the Kotkowski family from Dzierzkowice, which is related and affined to many families (Zaborowski, Loegler, Lelek, Lubich, Szaniawski, Iłłakowicz, Gombrowicz, Zopoth, Rössner, Strzałkowski, Herman and other families), shows that, in spite of the occasional incompleteness of preserved archive materials, we can find there many research topics opening areas for further queries, but we can also be enchanted by the beauty of family souvenirs. The author also draws our attention to the possibility of handing archive materials over to public collections (archives, libraries). The paper reminds researchers of the importance of heritages (personal archives) of not only important persons, but also of those waiting to notice them. The latter include also persons presented in the paper from two generations of families living in the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. The paper described the fates of Józef Kotkowski (1843–1914), a participant of the January Uprising and an engineer in Buchach, Stryi and Lviv; Mieczysław Kotkowski (1881–1946), a judge in Sanok, Dobromil and Przemyśl, or distinguished officers of the First World War: August, Artur and Erwin Rössner.
Materiały do dziejów kasaty zakonu jezuitów w 1773 r. i początków działalności KEN w Bibliotece Naukowej PAU i PAN i Bibliotece Książąt Czartoryskich w Krakowie
Authors: Danowska Ewa
Published: September 2021

Materials about the Dissolution of the Jesuit Order in 1773 and the Beginnings of the Commission of National Education Activity in the Academic Library of the Polish Academy Of Art and Sciences and the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Princes Czartoryski Library in Kraków

The collection of the Academic Library of the Polish Academy of Art and Sciences and the Polish Academy of Sciences contains five volumes of documents titled “Education Nationale” (book number 2220, vol. 1–5). One of the volumes is held by the Princes Czartoryski Library. The materials are neither organised in chronological order nor by theme. Some threads related to the dissolution of the Jesuit Order as well as the establishment and activity of the Commission of National Education and the Polish-Lithuanian Commission for Distribution, responsible for distributing assets of the Jesuit Order for educational purposes under the Commission of National Education supervision, can be separated. What is worth to pay attention to are the letters of ex-Jesuits to king Stanisław August Poniatowski as well as other pieces of correspondence, a variety of draft laws, practical issues on goods and financial matters, minutes on meetings of different assemblies, or attempts to establish a position on numerous current issues. Eight handwritten maps showing distribution of schools supervised by the Commission of National Education within departments, as well as numerous universals and decrees are also worth noting.
Rękopisy wierszy Kajetana Koźmiana w zbiorach Biblioteki Naukowej PAU i PAN w Krakowie
Authors: Uljasz Adrian
Published: September 2021

Manuscripts of Kajetan Koźmian’s Poetry in the Academic Library of the Polish Academy of Art and Sciences and the Polish Academy of Sciences Collection

The Academic Library of the Polish Academy of Art and Sciences and the Polish Academy of Sciences collection contains a great number of works by a poet Kajetan Koźmian (1771–1856). Especially valuable are the authorial manuscripts of the writer’s works.
The paper deals with some chosen autographs of K. Koźmian’s poems available in the Academic Library of the Polish Academy of Art and Sciences and the Polish Academy of Sciences. An annex has been added at the end – a publication of K. Koźmian’s poem Cantata for the Coronation of Napoleon after the author’s manuscript which has yet to become a subject of any academic research.
The paper discusses the following authorial manuscripts of K. Koźmian’s poems with some elements of analysis: To Zygmunt Krasiński (Poem I), To Wincent Krasiński in 1843, An Anacreontic to S. Małachowski, Cantata for the Coronation of Napoleon, On Hegel’s Philosophy in 1848, 77 years of age, A Poem to Franciszek Wężyk on the Road to Karlsbad spa.
The paper refers to a research on some manuscripts of K. Koźmian’s poems done by a literary historian Piotr Żbikowski (1935–2011).
Fantastyka, groza, panestetyzm i antyestetyzm w poglądach i twórczości Howarda Phillipsa Lovecrafta
Authors: Stempin Bartłomiej
Published: September 2021

Fantasy, Horror, Panaesthetics and Antiaesthetics in the Views by Howard Phillips Lovecraft and His Works

The article aims at an insight into the issues of fantasy, horror, panaesthetics and antiaesthetics in the views and works by the early twentieth century American writer, Howard Phillips Lovecraft. Referring to some definitions formulated by various theoreticians, the author of this article firstly explains some basic terms such as: fantasy and horror. Afterwards, he takes a close look into the concepts of panaesthetics and antiaesthetics as well as some other related notions. The essay focuses both on presenting the profile of H.P. Lovecraft and his ideas in the fields of philosophy, arts and literature. Moreover, it intends to outline some advices he made on writing weird stories and building the atmosphere of fear. The author of the article attempts also to characterize H.P. Lovecraft’s literarily work in order to juxtapose the writer’s views and writing with the ideas behind the concepts of panaesthetics and antiaesthetics. Finally, the author tries to answer the question whether H.P. Lovecraft is to be seen more as a representative of a panaesthetic or rather antiaesthetic viewpoint.
Fluorescent Tagging of Polymer Particles with PBN for the Detection of Microplastics in Personal Care Goods
Authors: Lee Eun-Hee , Lee Sangwon , Lee Seung-Woo
Published: September 2021

Objectives : Plastic pollution has been aggravated due to the massive use of disposable products and single-use face masks since the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. There is growing interest regarding detection and identification of plastic pollution in daily life. The aim of this study is (1) to investigate suitability of a fluorescent labelling method for the detection of polymers, (2) to detect microplastics in personal care goods, and (3) to identify the detected plastic particles.Methods : In order to detect plastic particles in real samples, a 1-pyrenebutyric acid N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester (PBN) fluorophore was used as a dye for staining plastic particles. First, the capability of PBN was evaluated by staining a model polymer of polyethylene (PE) particles, and its desorption and photobleaching was also investigated. Using the optimum staining condition, microplastics were detected in a laboratory-controlled sample and commercially available products, specifically in cleansers, scrubs, and toothpastes. Finally, the detected microplastics were identified using an attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR) analysis.Results and Discussion : The PE particles fluoresced blue light after being stained with PBN at a concentration of 100 μg/mL for 3-5 min without post treatments (e.g., fixation and drying), but the particles should be detected within 24 h due to the photobleaching of PBN. The desorption of PBN fluorophore occurred when the stained PE particles were washed with 25% acetone rather than rinse-off with deionized (DI) water. All of the tested personal care goods contained plastic particles and various sizes and shapes (e.g., spherical, rounded, and irregular shapes) of particles were found in different types and brands of products. The detected particles were identified as PE, polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polystyrene (PS), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymers.Conclusions : The PBN was shown to effectively stain polymer particles and it allowed visual identification of microplastics in personal care goods. Various types and sizes of polymers were included into the commercially available products as ingredients, indicating a primary source of plastic pollution in aquatic environment.
Decomposition of Waste Shells Using Multi-Complex Microorganisms
Authors: Bahng GunWoong , Park Hyun , Suh Myung Hee , Hong Hany
Published: September 2021

Objectives : Korea is a global aquatic product producer/consumer country, and shellfish including oysters are no exception. Oysters occupy the largest proportion as a single variety in the domestic aquaculture industry. The production volume reaches an average of more than 300,000 tons per year. The oyster shells left after harvesting oyster is reaching over 280,000 tons/yr. About 70 % of these are recycled, but the remaining shells which are over 60,000 tons, causing serious environmental problems such as odor and water pollution. In order to solve this problem, some local governments investigated the possibility of applying microorganisms, but it was effective only to remove odors and it was not possible to decompose the oyster shell itself. In this study, an attempt was made to solve the problem of waste shell decomposition by using multi-complex microorganisms rather than microorganisms composed of a few species.Methods : As a waste food extinction facility in Korea, the first certified Q mark equipment was used. After mixing oyster shells and food wastes in a 1:1 ratio, they were subjected to decomposition and extinction treatment at a high temperature of 80 ℃ using multi-complex microorganisms. Multi-complex microorganisms are composed of various soil microorganisms, including aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. They are in an activated ecosystem by forming a symbiotic relationship to obtain a strong decomposition synergistic effect.Results and Discussion : The composition of complex microorganisms was mainly Firmicutes at the beginning, but Proteobacteria accounted for a half after 29 hours from the start of the experiment, and after 77 hours, it was shifted to Firmicutes A. All-organic components were decomposed within 72 hours, and the shell was changed to a powder form, and the total weight was reduced to less than 10% of the input total weight. It was found that treatment for at least 48 hours was required to decompose organic components from food waste, and after the organic components were decomposed, oyster shells were transformed into fine particles. The main components of the particles were calcium carbonate, which was identified as Aragonite and Calcite.Conclusions : Considering that the main component of the shell is calcium carbonate, and the temperature at which calcium carbonate is decomposed into quicklime and carbon dioxide is around 800 ℃, the result of weight loss of the shell is difficult to explain with the existing thermal decomposition mechanism. It is necessary to explore further a new possible mechanism of shell decomposition by complex microorganisms.
Günümüz Aşıklık Geleneğinin Tekirdağ'da Bir Temsilcisi: Âşık Tekfurî
Authors: CELEPOĞLU Saygın
Published: September 2021

İslamiyet öncesi dönemdeki ozanların mirasını devralan âşıkların, sözlü anlatının temelini oluşturan hususları bünyelerinde barındırmaları ve bu geleneği yaşadıkları çağa adapte ederek sürdürmeleri onların kültür tarihimizin önemli bir parçası olmalarını sağlamaktadır. Âşıklar; sözlü anlatı geleneğinin yaratıcısı ve sürdürücüsü olan halkın yaşayış biçimleri, dünyayı algılayışları, inançları gibi miraslarının günümüze kadar ulaşmasını sağlayan kültür taşıyıcılarıdır. Söz konusu bu kültür taşıyıcılarının ilk örneklerinden günümüze değin yaşadığı çağın şartlarına ayak uydurarak birtakım değişimlere maruz kaldığı bir gerçektir. Günümüzde bu geleneği sürdüren bazı âşıklar; izlerinden gittikleri geleneksel âşıklardan farklı olarak âşıklığı bir meslek olarak icra etmiyor, usta çırak ilişkisi yerine teknolojik imkânlardan yararlanarak kendilerini geliştiriyor, gurbete çıkmıyor olsalar da bu geleneğin günümüzdeki sürdürücüleri olmaları açısından büyük öneme sahiptirler. Bu çalışmamızın temel amacı çağa ayak uydurma mahiyetinde uğradığı değişiklikler ile gerek Anadolu’da gerek de Trakya’da varlığını halen sürdüren âşıklık geleneğinin Tekirdağ’da yaşayan bir temsilcisi olan Tekfurî mahlasıyla şiirler söyleyen Beytullah Arabacı’nın; mahlası alışı, hayatı, şairliğe başlaması, âşıklık geleneği hakkındaki düşünceleri ve şiirlerine yer vermektir.
SÍFILIS CONGÊNITA NO BRASIL: PANORAMA ATUALIZADO DA INCIDÊNCIA E FATORES DE INFLUÊNCIA
Authors: Freitas Beatriz Dias , Santana Karoliny Marques do Carmo , Freitas Natália Lopes de , Abreu Joel Antônio Cordeiro de , Brandão Fabiana
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: destacar fatores de risco e discutir o panorama atual da Sífilis congênita no Brasil. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, baseada no modelo PRISMA com busca de artigos nas bases de pesquisas biomédicas Pubmed e Science Direct, em um intervalo de publicação de 2011 a 2020, o que resultou na produção de um fluxograma, seguindo as etapas de identificação, seleção e inclusão dos dados. Resultados: foi observado um aumento significativo na incidência de casos de sífilis gestacional e congênita na última década. Além disso, foi possível o levantamento de grupos que apresentam maior propensão em transmitir a sífilis congênita; sendo as mulheres com baixa escolaridade, em vulnerabilidade socioeconômica, em uso de drogas ilícitas, durante a gravidez, autodeclaradas pretas ou pardas e a alta incidência de sexo desprotegido, as casualidades que levaram ao aumento dos casos. Considerações finais: este estudo sugere possíveisfalhas do sistema de saúde em oferecer um pré-natal adequado, diagnóstico assertivo de sífilis e outras ISTs, tratamento correto e campanhas de conscientização que alcance os grupos de maior propensão.
ASPECTOS IMUNOLÓGICOS DAS LEISHMANIOSES DERMOTRÓPICAS E VISCEROTRÓPICAS
Authors: Oliveira Dara Karen Freire de , Soares Maria Eduarda Henrique da Silva , Brito Kalyne Monyque Lopes de , Lira Edvan Soares de , Rocha Francisca Janaina Soares
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: revisar os aspectos imunológicos das leishmanioses dermotrópicas e viscerotrópicas. Métodos: foi realizada uma revisão de literatura narrativa, através de artigos das bases de dados Pubmed, Scielo e BVS, utilizando os descritores: Leishmaniose cutânea, Leishmaniose visceral, Citosinas, Interleucinas e Imunologia. Foram utilizados critérios de inclusão estudo de revisão sistemática e ensaio clínico controlado. A amostra total gerou 436 artigos dos quais foram selecionados 22 artigos. Resultado: o principal mecanismo de controle da Leishmania é a imunidade celular, tanto inata quanto adaptativa. Entretanto anticorpos e o sistema complemento podem também destruir o parasito. O sistema imune inato atua confinando e reconhecendo o patógeno para produzir espécies reativas de oxigênio que podem causar a morte do parasita. O sistema imune adaptativo age tanto apresentando antígenos aos linfócitos T virgens como produzindo interleucina 12. Considerações finais: a resistência e a susceptibilidade à infecção estão associadas ao nível de expansão de células Th1 e Th2, respectivamente. Com isso, o resultado clínico da infecção por Leishmania depende do equilíbrio entre as citocinas que ativam as células Th1 e Th2. Portanto, a diferença no combate a leishmaniose dermotrópica e viscerotrópica está na expressão do perfil TCD4+ e suas citocinas produzidas.
Development of scientific thinking in the educational process
Authors:   ", Groza Angela ,   Ion Creanga",   State Pedagogical University of Chisinau
Published: September 2021

The article addresses the topic of scientific thinking in preschool children, the need to identify objectives for early thought development programs and suggestions for promoting scientific learning programs in early childhood. This complex field of scientific thinking begins with the study of how children identify, observe, record, draw conclusions, make judgments being naturally curious and naturally passionate about learning. Studies in the field have highlighted the real availability of children to learn almost scientific techniques of natural phenomena, the tendency to discover single processes of great complexity to elucidate the "white spots" in their universe. The article highlights the reasons why children come into early contact with science in various domains and the reasons why young children should be exposed to science. The analysis of studies conducted in the area of development of scientific thinking at an early age allowed us to say that there is a real need to develop a curriculum for early stimulation of scientific thinking in children.
The Impact of Innovative Technologies on Professional Balance State in pandemic COVID-19
Authors:   ", Zubenschi Mariana ,   Ion Creanga",   State Pedagogical University of Chisinau
Published: September 2021

Innovative technologies significantly influence the employee's professional balance, at the level of its axes model: "I-I", "I-Profession" and "I-Environment". This relations relays on the divergent psychological structure of professional balance state, which is a representation of the social structure, the way of thinking and the organizational model, where employees play a central role. Where managers, teachers, doctors, nurses, workers, mayors and entrepreneurs have a strong sense of current reality. They can perceive how the workload and time pressure increase, without feeling that the professional finality is achieved. The research of the professional balance and the adaptation of the internal aspects to the external peculiarities of the career will alienate the alternatives of admitting an imbalance and will thus ensure a positive general state, therefore the innovative technologies are perceived both negatively and positively at work. These expressions are current not only on the axes of the professional balance state model, but also on the level of the circular model of career anchors, described by Voss (conservation, openness to change, self-transcendence and effectiveness. Thus, the impact of innovative technologies on professional balance state is no longer an enigma but a fact that can influence the well-being of the employee at work, stressed him or brings out to the brink of emotional burnout. In this article we come up with pros and cons of the impact of innovative technologies on the human psyche.
Geographical spatial thinking, expression of scientific thinking – ability of investigative competence
Authors:   ", Dumitrașcu Doina Maria ,   Ion Creanga",   State Pedagogical University of Chisinau
Published: September 2021

The article advocates the acceptance of geographical spatial thinking as a form of scientific thinking. The first part argues about the specificity of the concept of geographical space in the sense of geographical studies, in order to then build the syllogism according to which geographical spatial thinking, based on higher cognitive operations and respects geographical principles and paradigms, can be considered a particular form of scientific thinking. The second part exemplifies the way of training the investigative ability to think spatially from the geographical point of view, using documentation sheets designed for the study of the local horizon at different levels of schooling (professional and high school levels) and for different sequences of the lesson, supported by cartographic supports of the Google Earth application. The methodological indications guide the manner of applying, in the Physical Geography lessons, the integration situations for the formation of the components of the investigative competence. The conclusions emphasize the importance of structuring geographical spatial thinking according to the characteristics of scientific thinking systematized by local researchers.
Evaluating Patients’ Attitudes Towards Being Assessed and Treated by Undergraduate Physiotherapy Students in a Rehabilitation Centre
Authors: Stiller Kathy , Sorich Marissa , Roberts Kate
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Clinical placements are an important component in the education of students who are training in the healthcare professions. The degree of patient satisfaction with being assessed and treated by healthcare students is also important as part of the overall evaluation of healthcare and student outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate inpatients’ attitudes towards being assessed and treated by undergraduate physiotherapy students at one rehabilitation centre in Australia. Method: Sixty-one of 69 eligible inpatients completed a purpose-designed survey. Analyses were descriptive in nature. Results: Overall, high levels of satisfaction were demonstrated, including the process of consent, the amount of supervision provided to the students, the standard of care, and personal feelings about being treated by physiotherapy students. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the standard of care provided by undergraduate physiotherapy students to inpatients at the rehabilitation centre, as rated by patients, is high. This research was straightforward to conduct and has identified areas where the service can be further improved.
The Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Elbow Tendinopathies: A Systematic Review
Authors: Schwetlik Sarah , Strempel Luke
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Elbow tendinopathies are common conditions that typically last 6 to 24 months. There is no clear consensus in the literature regarding the most effective management. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous blood product used for elbow tendinopathies with the aim of enhancing tissue regeneration. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the available evidence on the effectiveness and safety of PRP for reducing pain and physical function in elbow tendinopathies. Methods: Electronic databases were searched for relevant studies and data were extracted regarding the design, sample characteristics, interventions, and outcome measures. Each study was critically appraised for methodological quality using a modified tool for quantitative studies and presented in a narrative summary. Results: The search strategy identified 299 hits related to platelet-rich plasma and/or elbow tendinopathies. Five studies met the inclusion criteria; all were randomized controlled trials except one cohort study. All five studies showed improvements from baseline in pain and physical function with a PRP intervention. One study and its follow-up study showed significant improvements in pain and function with PRP compared to corticosteroid at 26, 52, and 104 weeks. Two studies compared PRP to whole blood, which did not find sufficient evidence to suggest one is more effective than the other. A cohort study found PRP was more effective than placebo at 4 and 8 weeks. Three studies reported on the safety of PRP and found no significant adverse effects. Conclusions: The current literature has some limitations and is insufficient to provide strong recommendations regarding the use of PRP in elbow tendinopathies over other modalities; however, these studies suggest that PRP may be more efficacious than corticosteroid injections, but that whole blood injections may be as effective as PRP.
Is there Agreement between Self-Reported and Scale Measurements of Height and Weight?
Authors: Wagner Christopher , Lamb Brittney , Graham Jared , Salamh Paul , Hill Cheryl , Kolber Morey
Published: September 2021

Background: The assessment of height and weight (body mass) are common components of the medical examination, often requisite subject characteristics collected for research, and frequently used in the writing of life and medical insurance policies. These measurements may be gathered by actual measurement procedures or through patient self-report. Purpose: The purposes of this study were to 1) determine if significant differences exist between self-reported and measured height and body mass, 2) determine the influence of gender on differences between self-reported and actual measurements, and 3) determine the range of differences (levels of agreement) that may exist between self-reported and actual measurements. Subjects: A convenience sample of one hundred and two participants, 48 men and 54 women, were recruited from a local university setting. Methods: Participants documented their perceived height and mass on a standardized questionnaire. This was then compared to formal measurements taken using the Cardinal/DETECTO 439 3P series scale. Results: Statistically significant differences were present between self-report and measured height and body mass when total participants were analyzed independent of gender (p≤.009). When gender was analyzed independently, significant differences were identified for men (p ≤ .004) for both height and body mass, whereas significant differences for women existed only when comparing body mass (p =.038). A trend existed for over-reporting height and under-reporting body mass. Conclusion: Although self-reported measurements are an efficient means to capture anthropometric data, evidence suggests that there may be substantial differences in self-reports versus actual measurements.