bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Cyanide Contents in Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Based on Boiling Time with Formation of Hydrindantin Complex by Using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry
Authors: Anjani Kadek N. , Hamzah Baharuddin , Abram Paulus H.
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to determine cyanide contents in cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) based on boiling time with the formation of hydrindantin complex using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The variation of boiling time was 0, 5, 10, and 15 minutes respectively. The cyanide content was prepared by extracting the sample using water for 2 hours. Then the sample was distilled to obtain a distillate that containing cyanide. Determination of cyanide was carried out by reacting samples containing cyanide with 1% ninhydrin and 0.5% Na2CO3, then adding 1 M NaOH to form blue hydrindantin compounds in an alkaline condition. Blue hydrindantin compounds formed were analyzed by spectrophotometry at a maximum wavelength of 590 nm. The results showed that cyanide contents in cassava leaves based on boiling time 0, 5, 10, and 15 minutes respectively were 20.73 ppm, 13.92 ppm, 9.18 ppm, and 3.38 ppm. The longer the cassava leaves were boiled, the better it was to be consumed because it will significantly reduce cyanide contents.
Profile Secondary Metabolite Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Stem Bark Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidantale L.) Extract
Authors: Rudiana Tarso , Dwi Jayanti Dhyneu , Solehah Siti
Published: January 2022

Oxidative stress is a condition in which the amount of free radicals and antioxidants in the body is not balanced, causing various diseases. One of them is a degenerative disease. Oxidative stress can be reduced by antioxidant compounds. Anacardium occidentale L. is a type of plant from the Anacardiaceae family. This plant is found in many trophic countries included Indonesia, and is believed to ward off degenerative diseases caused by oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to analyze the activity of A. occidentale stem bark extract against DPPH radical inhibition (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrilhidrazil) and the profiling of secondary metabolites in their active fraction. The bark of A. occidentale was extracted by a gradient maceration method. The solvents used were n-hexane (nonpolar), ethyl acetate (semi-polar), and methanol (polar). The macerate was concentrated using a rotary vacuum evaporator, followed by DPPH radical inhibition analysis using a spectrophotometer. The most active extract was analyzed for chemical content by LC-MS/MS. The results showed that the extract of A. occidentale stem bark had antioxidant activity. Methanol extract obtained very strong and best antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 47.13 ppm compared to ethyl acetate extract and n-hexane extract, which had IC50 values of 163.92 ppm and 501.72 ppm, respectively. Secondary metabolites that are thought to have antioxidant activity in the methanol extract of A. occidentale stem bark were epigallocatechin (EC) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) compounds.
Determination of Vitamin C and Metal Copper (Cu) Levels in Katokkon Chili (Capsicum chinense Jacq) Based on Maturity Level
Authors: Patiung Novianti , Walanda Daud K. , Aminah Sitti
Published: January 2022

Katokkon chili is one type of chili grown mainly in the Tana Toraja district, and the people use this plant as a typical spice with variations colors from green, orange, and red. It is assumed that the plant is rich in vitamins and minerals. This study aims to determine the levels of vitamin C and copper metals in katokkon chili based on their level of maturity. Vitamin C and copper levels were determined by spectrophotometry. The results showed that the highest level of vitamin C was 23.52 and 5.12 mg/kg in both wet and dry orange chilies, while the highest copper level was found in green chili was 12.25 mg/kg
Influence of the Guided Inquiry Learning Model Assisted by a Two-stay Two Stray towards Chemistry Learning Outcomes of High School Students
Authors: Sofiyatun Dahlia , Jura Minarni R. , Sabang Sri M.
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to determine the influence of the guided inquiry learning model assisted by two stay two stray toward learning outcomes of students on chemistry at SMA 7 Palu. The type of study was Pre-experimental with a one-shot case study design. The sample was prepared using the purposive sampling technique with a sample consisting of Class XI Science 4 as the experimental class 1, and Class XI Science 2 as the experimental class 2. Both classes consisted of 28 students. The research instruments were the learning outcomes tests, student worksheets, and observation sheets that have been validated theoretically and empirically. Data of learning outcomes was analyzed using inferential statistical analysis with a prerequisite test: normality, homogeneity, and t-test hypothesis test (right side). The results showed that the average learning outcomes for experimental class 1 was 62.32, and for experimental class 2 was 50.29, with standard deviations of 12.58 and 12.05, respectively. Hypothesis test obtained tcount>ttable or 4.04 > 1.67, so H1 is accepted. The average learning outcomes of students in the experimental class 1 with guided inquiry learning model assisted by two stay two stray is higher than in the experimental class 2 with a guided inquiry learning model. Guided inquiry learning model assisted by two stay two stray influences learning outcomes of students at SMA 7 Palu.
Tumores sólidos pseudopapilares en el departamento de patología de la Universidad de Antioquia: serie de casos
Authors: Quintero Picón Melissa Alejandra , Osorio Sandoval Germán
Published: January 2022

Introducción: el tumor sólido pseudopapilar corresponde al 1 %-2 % de todos los tumores sólidos del páncreas, con un curso poco agresivo.

Serie de casos: en el departamento de patología de la Universidad de Antioquia se diagnosticaron 16 casos entre enero de 2004 y julio de 2019. Dos de los casos correspondían a pacientes pediátricos, uno de ellos de sexo masculino con posterior metástasis hepática, dos a mujeres mayores de 40 años y el resto a mujeres entre 17 y 26 años. Un caso presenta células de aspecto sarcomatoide, otros dos presentaron células gigantes multinucleadas y hubo un caso con pleomorfismo grave y presencia de mitosis atípicas. Se observó invasión de la cápsula en 6 de los casos, uno de ellos con invasión linfovascular y 3 casos con invasión perineural. Todos los casos mostraron hemorragia o necrosis, y presentaron en el perfil de inmunohistoquímica positividad para β-catenina, CD10, receptores de progesterona y CD56. La sinaptofisina fue positiva focalmente.
Hígado y SARS-CoV-2: aspectos claves de la literatura
Authors: Quintero Marzola Iván Darío , Fontalvo Mendoza María Fernanda , Cárdenas Gómez Juan Carlos , Sibaja Pérez Andrés Elías , Quintana Pájaro Loraine , Ramos Villegas Yancarlos , Manzur Jattin Fernando Gabriel , Yepes Barreto Ismael de Jesús
Published: January 2022

El nuevo coronavirus del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave de tipo 2 (SARS-CoV-2), virus que se ha expandido por todo el mundo, produce una infección respiratoria aguda capaz de producir la muerte; sin embargo, el daño en otros órganos también es frecuente. Diversos estudios han evidenciado alteraciones en pruebas de lesión hepáticas, las cuales se han asociado con enfermedad grave y mayor estancia hospitalaria; así mismo, en la infección por el virus en pacientes con enfermedad hepática preexistente se observó una elevación significativa de las aminotransferasas durante el curso de la enfermedad y mayor riesgo de enfermedad grave. La explicación fisiopatológica de la afectación hepática en estos pacientes abarca el efecto citopático directo producido por la unión del virus a la enzima convertidora de la angiotensina II (ECA-II) a los hepatocitos y colangiocitos, una respuesta inmunitaria desproporcionada y, en algunos casos, la hepatotoxicidad por medicamentos.
El "efecto fin de semana” en pacientes que asisten a urgencias por hemorragia digestiva superior no varicosa. La experiencia en un hospital de alta complejidad
Authors: Mosquera-Klinger Gabriel , Camargo Trillos Joselyn , Valencia Maturana Julio , Murillo Pérez Juliana , Ucroz Benavides Andrea , Hernández Abaunza Juan Esteban , Carvajal Gutiérrez Jhon Jaime , Juliao Baños Fabian , Zuluaga Restrepo Alejandra , Sánchez Garrido Héctor
Published: January 2022

Introducción y objetivos: el "efecto fin de semana” se define como un incremento en la mortalidad en pacientes que ingresan a centros asistenciales durante el fin de semana o días festivos. Este estudio se realizó para evaluar el posible "efecto fin de semana” en pacientes con hemorragia digestiva superior (HDS) con base en una experiencia de 3 años en un hospital de alta complejidad en Latinoamérica.
Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo realizado entre 2016 y 2018. Se describieron las características demográficas, factores de riesgo, síntomas de ingreso, hallazgos endoscópicos y diferentes intervenciones médicas. Además, se compararon los tiempos de realización de endoscopia, estancia hospitalaria y mortalidad entre los pacientes admitidos durante el fin de semana frente a días entre semana.
Resultados: el análisis incluyó 274 pacientes en fines de semana y festivos (39,1 %) frente a pacientes en días entre semana (60,9 %). La mediana de edad fue de 68,5 años (rango intercuartílico [RIC]: 53-79), el 56,6 % fueron hombres. Las manifestaciones más comunes fueron melenas y hematemesis. La úlcera péptica fue el diagnóstico endoscópico más común (48,7 %). Los tiempos de estancia hospitalaria (7,38 ± 8,7 frente a 7,38 ± 7,1; p = 0,234) y mortalidad (1,9 % frente a 4,2 %; p = 0,274) fueron similares en ambos grupos. Se realizó una mayor cantidad de endoscopias después de las 24 horas en pacientes ingresados el fin de semana (19,6 % frente a 9,6 %; p = 0,041).
Conclusiones: en esta cohorte no se presentó el "efecto fin de semana”, no se observan diferencias en relación con la estancia hospitalaria, ni con la mortalidad en pacientes ingresados por HDS.
Experiencia inicial con derivación biliar mediante coledocoduodenostomía guiada por ultrasonido endoscópico en la obstrucción biliar maligna en un hospital de referencia en Colombia
Authors: Carvajal-Gutierrez Jhon Jaime , Ramirez-Barranco Rosangela , Mosquera-Klinger Gabriel
Published: January 2022

Introducción: en pacientes con obstrucción biliar distal maligna en quienes la derivación biliar mediante colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE) no sea factible o sea fallida, el drenaje biliar guiado por ultrasonido endoscópico mediante coledocoduodenostomía es una opción terapéutica viable, de la que se describen altas tasas de éxito técnico y clínico con una baja morbimortalidad. Adicionalmente, este método podría ser superior en la mejora de la calidad de vida en comparación con el manejo percutáneo o quirúrgico.

Objetivo: describir la experiencia inicial con el drenaje biliar guiado por ultrasonido endoscópico en pacientes con obstrucción biliar maligna en un centro de referencia.

Métodos: es una serie de casos retrospectiva de 6 pacientes con obstrucción biliar maligna a quienes se les realizó inicialmente una CPRE que fue fallida, por lo cual se procedió a realizar coledocoduodenostomía guiada por ultrasonografía endoscópica. Se describieron las tasas de éxito técnico, éxito clínico, eventos adversos, tasas de disfunción y tiempo de supervivencia de los pacientes.

Resultados: se analizaron 6 casos, predominó el sexo femenino, con un promedio de edad de 71,8 ± 19,8 años; las indicaciones fueron adenocarcinoma de páncreas, tumor periampular y colangiocarcinoma distal. Se observó un éxito técnico en el 100 % de los casos y éxito clínico en 83,3 % de los casos. No se registraron eventos adversos graves. En el seguimiento de los casos se observó una supervivencia del 66,7 % a los 30 días.

Conclusión: la coledocoduodenostomía es una alternativa terapéutica viable, segura y efectiva en pacientes con obstrucción biliar maligna en quienes la CPRE fue fallida, con una alta tasa de éxito técnico y clínico.
Ethische Akzeptabilität als zentraler Baustein philosophischer Politikberatung
Authors: Loos Christian , Quante Michael
Published: January 2022

Unter ‚Akzeptabilität‘ versteht man einerseits „gerechtfertigte Akzeptanzfähigkeit“ und andererseits „intersubjektive Angemessenheit“; Letztere wird in diesem Beitrag als praktische Kohärenz und soziale Verhältnismäßigkeit gefasst. Damit stellt das Konzept ethischer Akzeptabilität ein Angebot der praktischen Philosophie für den gesellschaftlichen Diskurs zur Akzeptabilitätsüberprüfung bereit. Als kritische Reflexionsinstanz geht es der Philosophie dabei weder um Akzeptanzbeschaffung noch um die Ermittlung möglicher oder erwartbarer Akzeptanz. Philosophische Politikberatung fokussiert als Ethik auf die Qualität der Gründe von Handlungen oder Handlungszielen von politischen Institutionen oder Personen.
Sind Gedankenexperimente in der praktischen Philosophie besonders?
Authors: Weber Marc Andree
Published: January 2022

Dieser Text geht der Frage nach, ob und, wenn ja, inwieweit sich Gedankenexperimente in der praktischen Philosophie in ihrer Struktur und ihrer epistemischen Signifikanz von Gedankenexperimenten in der theoretischen Philosophie oder in den Naturwissenschaften unterscheiden. Anhand einer allgemeinen Strukturanalyse von Gedankenexperimenten wird dabei aufgezeigt, dass bei Gedankenexperimenten in der praktischen Philosophie zwar häufig die angemessene Bewertung eines zugrunde gelegten Szenarios im Zentrum steht und nicht, wie zum Beispiel in theoretischen Philosophie oft, dessen angemessene Beschreibung, dass dieser Unterschied aber kaum Auswirkungen hat auf die prinzipielle Anwendbarkeit – abgesehen von einer bisher übersehenen Konsequenz: Man darf in einem Gedankenexperiment nicht annehmen, dass moralische, ästhetische oder entscheidungstheoretische Prinzipien in unterschiedlichen möglichen Welten verschieden sind. Andernfalls käme dem Gedankenexperiment keinerlei epistemische Signifikanz zu.
Zur Bewertung ethischer Gedankenexperimente – „Intuitionspumpen“ vs. Ansatz des „rationalen Wollens“
Authors: Schwartz Maria
Published: January 2022

Im Beitrag wird die übliche, intuitionsbasierte Bewertung ethischer Gedankenexperimente hinterfragt und stattdessen für ein neo-kantisches Verfahren der Bewertung (Ansatz des „rationalen Wollens“) argumentiert. Hierzu wird nach einer kurzen systematisch-historischen Verortung zunächst eine grobe Kategorisierung vorgenommen, die erstens nach der Funktion, zweitens nach der Fragestellung erfolgt, auf die Gedankenexperimente antworten. Das vorgeschlagene, neo-kantische Verfahren eignet sich insbesondere zur Bewertung einer bestimmten Kategorie von Gedankenexperimenten: Dilemmatische Situationen, in denen eine Abwägung von Menschenleben zur Debatte steht, weil nicht alle Beteiligten überleben können. Anhand von drei ausgewählten Gedankenexperimenten (Abschuss des entführten Flugzeugs, Jim und die Indianer, Trolley-Experiment) wird das jeweilige Bewertungsverfahren betrachtet. Im Zuge des neokantischen Verfahrens wird ein „Rollentausch“ vorgenommen und danach gefragt, was alle Betroffenen „rationalerweise wollen“ können. Während die Präferenzen der Täter, die das Dilemma erst verursachen, nicht in die Überlegung eingehen, hängt die Bewertung der Perspektive der Opfer von Art und Ausmaß ihrer Bedrohung ab. Passagiere und Crew des entführten Flugzeugs, deren Tod unausweichlich bevorsteht, könnten einem Abschuss, der vielen anderen das Leben rettet, rationalerweise zustimmen. Beim Gedankenexperiment von Jim und den Indianern ist dies nur bedingt der Fall. In fast allen Varianten des Trolley-Experiments kann nicht davon ausgegangen werden, dass die jeweilige Person der Opferung ihres Lebens für andere zustimmt. In einem letzten Punkt wird auf den Einwand Humes eingegangen, dass weder ein radikal egoistisches noch ein übertrieben altruistisches Wollen als „irrational“ bezeichnet werden kann.
Effects of Uncertainty Visualization on Attention, Arousal, and Judgment
Authors: Rose Anna M. , Rose Jacob M. , Rotaru Kristian , Sanderson Kerri-Ann , Thibodeau Jay C.
Published: January 2022

Two experiments examine the effects of visualizing uncertainty on attention, cognitive arousal, and incorporation of uncertainty information into judgments. The first experiment employs psychophysiological measurements to understand how different presentations of uncertainty information influence decision making processes. Results indicate that participants attend more to uncertainty information when uncertainty is incorporated directly into a visualization. Pupillometry and eye tracking analyses indicate that participants exhibit greater attention to uncertainty information, fixate more on the bounds of uncertainty, and spend more time examining uncertainty information when uncertainty is visualized, compared to when uncertainty is depicted textually (i.e., not visually). In addition, the decisions of participants who view visualizations directly depicting uncertainty better integrate the level of uncertainty in the underlying data. The second experiment reveals that experienced auditors are more likely to appropriately use uncertainty information when it is visualized.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes With 35 Years Duration From the DCCT/EDIC Study
Authors: Gubitosi-Klug Rose A. , Braffett Barbara H. , Bebu Ionut , Johnson Mary L. , Farrell Kaleigh , Kenny David , Trapani Victoria R. , Meadema-Mayer Lynne , Soliman Elsayed Z. , Pop-Busui Rodica , Lachin John M. , Bergenstal Richard M. , Tamborlane William V.
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

We evaluated blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) profiles in a subset of adults with type 1 diabetes from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) study to characterize the frequency of glycemic excursions and contributing factors.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

CGM-derived metrics were compared for daytime and nighttime periods using blinded CGM for a minimum of 6.5 days (average 11.9 days) and correlated with HbA1c levels, routine use of diabetes devices, and other characteristics in 765 participants.

RESULTS

Participants were 58.9 ± 6.5 years of age with diabetes duration 36.8 ± 4.9 years and HbA1c 7.8 ± 1.2%; 58% used insulin pumps, and 27% used personal, unblinded CGM. Compared with daytime, nighttime mean sensor glucose was lower, percent time in range 70–180 mg/dL (TIR) was similar, and hypoglycemia was more common. Over the entire recording period, only 9% of the 765 participants achieved >70% TIR and only 28% achieved <1% of observations of <54 mg/dL. Indeed, participants with the highest percentage of hypoglycemia had the lowest HbA1c levels. However, use of insulin pumps and CGM decreased the percent time at <54 mg/dL.

CONCLUSIONS

In adults with long-standing type 1 diabetes, short-term blinded CGM profiles revealed frequent clinically significant hypoglycemia (<54 mg/dL) during the night and more time in hyperglycemia during the day. The small subset of participants using routine CGM and insulin pumps had fewer hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic excursions and lower HbA1c levels. Thus, strategies to lower meal-stimulated hyperglycemia during the day and prevent hypoglycemia at night are relevant clinical goals in older patients with type 1 diabetes.
Adherence to the American Diabetes Association’s Glycemic Goals in the Treatment of Diabetes Among Older Americans, 2001–2018
Authors: Le Phuc , Ayers Gina , Misra-Hebert Anita D. , Herzig Shoshana J. , Herman William H. , Shaker Victoria A. , Rothberg Michael B.
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE

To assess trends in HbA1c and appropriateness of diabetes medication use by patient health status.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We conducted cross-sectional analysis of 2001–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We included older adults age ≥65 years who had ever been told they had diabetes, had HbA1c >6.4%, or had fasting plasma glucose >125 mg/dL. Health status was categorized as good, intermediate, or poor. Being below goal was defined as taking medication despite having HbA1c ≥1% below the glycemic goals of the American Diabetes Association (ADA), which varied by patient health status and time period. Drugs associated with hypoglycemia included sulfonylureas, insulin, and meglitinides.

RESULTS

We included 3,539 patients. Mean HbA1c increased over time and did not differ by health status. Medication use increased from 59% to 74% with metformin being the most common drug in patients with good or intermediate health and sulfonylureas and insulin most often prescribed to patients with poor health. Among patients taking medications, prevalence of patients below goal increased while prevalence of those above goal decreased from 2001 to 2018. One-half of patients with poor health and taking medications had below-goal HbA1c; two-thirds received drugs associated with hypoglycemia. Patients with poor health who were below goal had 4.9 (95% CI 2.3–10.4) times the adjusted odds of receiving drugs associated with hypoglycemia than healthy patients.

CONCLUSIONS

In accordance with ADA’s newer Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes, HbA1c goals were relaxed but did not differ by health status. Below-goal HbA1c was common among patients with poor health; many were prescribed medications associated with a higher risk of hypoglycemia.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes With 35 Years Duration From the DCCT/EDIC Study
Authors: Gubitosi-Klug Rose A. , Braffett Barbara H. , Bebu Ionut , Johnson Mary L. , Farrell Kaleigh , Kenny David , Trapani Victoria R. , Meadema-Mayer Lynne , Soliman Elsayed Z. , Pop-Busui Rodica , Lachin John M. , Bergenstal Richard M. , Tamborlane William V. , Group the DCCT/EDIC Research
Published: January 2022

Objective: We evaluated
blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) profiles in a subset of adults with
type 1 diabetes from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology
of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) study to characterize
the frequency of glycemic excursions and contributing factors.

Research
Design and Methods: CGM-derived metrics were compared for
daytime and nighttime periods using blinded CGM for a minimum of 6.5 days
(average 11.9 days) and correlated with HbA1c levels, routine use of diabetes devices,
and other characteristics in 765 participants.

Results:
Participants were
58.9±6.5 years of age with diabetes duration 36.8±4.9 years and HbA1c 7.8±1.2%;
58% used insulin pumps and 27% used personal, unblinded CGM. Compared to daytime, nighttime mean sensor glucose
was lower, % time in range 70-180 mg/dL (TIR) was similar and
hypoglycemia more common. Over the entire recording period, only 9% of the 765 participants
achieved >70% TIR and only 28% achieved <1% of observations
<54 mg/dL. Indeed, participants with the highest percentage of hypoglycemia
had the lowest HbA1c levels. However, use of insulin pumps and CGM decreased the
% time <54 mg/dL.

Conclusions: In
adults with long-standing type 1 diabetes, short-term blinded CGM profiles
revealed frequent clinically-significant hypoglycemia (<54 mg/dL) during the
night and more time in hyperglycemia during the day. The small subset of participants
using routine CGM and insulin pumps had fewer hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic excursions
and lower HbA1c levels. Thus, strategies to lower meal-stimulated hyperglycemia
during the day and prevent hypoglycemia at night are relevant clinical goals in
older type 1 diabetes patients.
Arterial Stiffness, Genetic Risk, and Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Mengying , Huang Jie , Wu Tao , Qi Lu
Published: January 2022

Objective:
We
aimed to investigate prospective associations of pulse wave arterial stiffness index (ASI) and pulse pressure (PP)
with T2D, and assessed the modification effect of genetics.

Research
design and methods: We included 152
611 participants free of diabetes or cardiovascular disease in the UK Biobank. All participants
had ASI and blood pressure measurements collected at baseline visit. Totally,
37 single nucleotide polymorphisms were used to calculate the genetic risk
score (GRS) of T2D.

Results: During a median follow‐up of 9.5 years, 3000
participants developed T2D. Per standard deviation increase in ASI was
associated with a 3% higher T2D risk (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2%-4%). The
hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI of T2D was 1.58 (1.39-1.80) in the highest
quintile group compared with the lowest quintile group of ASI. However, the
association between PP and T2D was nonlinear. Compared with the lowest quintile group, the risk of T2D in higher
quintile groups of PP was 0.91 (0.79-1.04), 0.98 (0.86-1.11), 1.15 (1.01-1.30),
and 1.24 (1.10-1.41), respectively. Furthermore, we observed an interaction between
ASI and genetic susceptibility to T2D, as
the elevated HR of T2D associated
with high ASI was more evident among participants with higher GRS of T2D (P interaction=0.008). While the interaction between PP and GRS
was non-significant (P
interaction=0.55).

Conclusions: ASI was associated
with an elevated risk of T2D in a dose-response fashion, whereas PP and T2D
showed a nonlinear J-shaped
association. Additionally, the association between ASI and T2D was
partially strengthened by higher genetic susceptibility to T2D.
RELACIÓN ENTRE EL PIB, LA ELECTRICIDAD Y LA ECONOMÍA SOMBRA EN BOLIVIA
Authors: Duran Ayoroa Tatiana Z.
Published: January 2022

Se estima la magnitud de parte de la economía no registrada o sombra en Bolivia que está relacionada con el cultivo dehojas de Coca. El análisis se basa en datos de demanda eléctrica, PIB y producción de hoja de coca extraídos deUNODC[1] , BID [2] y EIA[3], respectivamente. El modelo se basa en la existencia de una relación directa entre laactividad económica y la demanda eléctrica. La actividad económica tiene dos variables, una la economía formal que secuantifica por el PIB de un país y la economía no registrada o sombra que no es cuantificable directamente. Así estetrabajo cuantifica parte de la economía no registrada que se relaciona con el nivel de producción de hoja de coca.
ÍNDICE DE PROTECCIÓN DEL ENTORNO DE HOGARES EN BOLIVIA ANTE EL COVID-19 SEGÚN LAS RECOMENDACIONES DE LA OMS
Authors: Reyes Dorado Gutiérrez Lizeth Melina
Published: January 2022

El presente trabajo evalúa la capacidad de los hogares en Bolivia para seguir las recomendaciones de la OMS y enfrentar al COVID-19 a partir de la elaboración de un índice en base a la metodología planteada por Brown, Ravallion y Van de Walle. Los resultados obtenidos del índice muestran que, existió una mejora considerable desde 2012 con 72.8% de hogares que tenían las condiciones de protección del hogar respecto a 77% de los hogares en 2019. La mayor parte de los hogares en Bolivia pueden protegerse del virus con al menos 5 de las 6 recomendaciones de protección básicas sugeridas por la OMS. Se puede observar un importante efecto riqueza, ya que en el área urbana del país las recomendaciones para protegerse de shocks externos como el COVID-19 son más propicias respecto al área rural. Otro resultado muestra que la edad y las condiciones crónicas de salud de las personas las hacen más vulnerables a la presencia de COVID-19 y, lamentablemente sólo un tercio de los hogares puede cumplir con las seis recomendaciones de protección de la OMS. En general, por las condiciones de los entornos de los hogares en Bolivia, las políticas de aislamiento y cuarentena flexible pueden tener éxito en la protección contra el virus.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Loyalitas Nasabah Dengan Kepuasan Sebagai Variabel Mediasi Pada LPD
Authors: Widnyana I Wayan , Suarmanayasa I Nengah
Published: January 2022

This research is intended to examine the influences of (1) service quality towards customers’ satisfaction, (2) service quality towards custormers’ loyalty, (3) customers’ satisfaction towards customers’ loyalty, and (4) customers’ satisfaction in mediating service quality towards customers’ loyalty in LPD Desa Adat Ularan. The research design of this research used casual quantitative research. The subject of this research is the customers of LPD Desa Adat Ularan, and the object of this research is the quality of services, customers’ satisfaction, and customers’ loyalty. The sample of this research involved 100 respondents. Therefore, the data of this research were collected through document recording, questionnaire design, and analyzed by path analysis. The results of this research showed that: (1) service quality has a positive and significant effect towards customers’ satisfaction, (2) service quality has a positive and significant effect towards customers’ loyalty, (3) customers’ satisfaction has a positive and significant effect towards customers’ loyalty, and (4) customers’ satisfaction partialy mediate the effect of services quality towards customers’ loyalty in LPD Desa Adat Ularan.
Pengaruh Word Of Mouth Dan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Keputusan Penggunaan Jasa Gojek Di Kota Denpasar
Authors: Wira Purnawan I Komang Agus , Suarmanayasa I Nengah
Published: January 2022

This study intended to examine the effect simultaneously and partially between word of mouth and service quality on the usage decicion Gojek services in Denpasar City. This research design of this research used casual quantitative research. The subject of this research is Gojek’s costumer, and object in this research are word of mouth, quality service and usage decision. The sample collection technique uses in this research is non-probabillity sampling and purposive sampling. The number of samples used was 120 respondents. The data collection technique in this research was a questionnaire and analysis technique used was multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this research are: (1) word of mouth and service quality with simultaneously have significant effect on the usage decision Gojek services in Denpasar City. (2) word of mouth has positive and significant effect on the usage decision Gojek services in Denpasar City. (3) Service quality has positive and significant effect on the usage decision Gojek services in Denpasar City.
Bagaimana Pengetahuan Kewirausahaan Mempengaruhi Minat Berwirausaha Generasi Z melalui Efikasi Diri?
Authors: Hasan Muhammad , Shofa Nur , Thaief Ilham , Ahmad M. Ihsan Said , Tahir Thamrin
Published: January 2022

This study aims to explore the contribution of entrepreneurial knowledge to the formation of Generation Z's entrepreneurial interest through self-efficacy. This study is a study with a quantitative approach. The population of this study is all generation Z in class XI of SMK Negeri 7 Pangkep, South Sulawesi with a total of 131 generations with a purposively drawn sample of 57 people with several criteria. The data in this study were collected using questionnaires and interviews. This study consists of 3 variables consisting of entrepreneurial knowledge, entrepreneurial interest, and self-efficacy. Data analysis used path analysis technique. The findings of this study indicate that entrepreneurial knowledge has a positive and significant effect on the self-efficacy of Generation Z. In addition, there is also a positive and significant effect of self-efficacy on the interest in entrepreneurship of Generation Z. Other findings indicate that entrepreneurial knowledge has a positive and significant influence on Generation Z's entrepreneurial interest, and finally it was found that entrepreneurial knowledge has a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial interest through Generation Z's self-efficacy.
The Determinant of Decision to Visit Tourism Destination
Authors: Wijaya Nyoman Surya , Sudarmawan I Wayan Eka , Sukaarnawa I Gusti Made
Published: January 2022

This study aims to examine how the decision to visit tourists to tourist destinations Tirta Empul Temple Tampaksiring Gianyar Bali. The dependent variable used in this study is the decision to visit, while promotion, destination attributes and place branding are independent variables. The population of the study were visitors who came to the Tirta Empul Temple Tourism Destination, the research sample was 105 people using accidental sampling technique, with a quantitative descriptive approach, using analytical tools. Partial Least Square (PLS) software SmartPLS. The results of the analysis show promotion and destination attributes have a positive and significant effect on place branding with a value of 7.098 and 6.626, respectively, promotion has a positive and insignificant effect on decisions to visit tourist destinations with a value of 1.603, destination attributes have a positive and significant effect on decisions to visit tourist destinations with a value of 1.603. 3,429, place branding has a positive and significant effect on decisions to visit tourist destinations with a value of 4.646, the formation of place branding is more dominantly influenced by destination attributes, and decision making to visit tourist destinations is more dominantly influenced by place branding. Place Branding acts as a full mediator.
Analisis Kerentanan Website SMP Negeri 3 Semarapura Menggunakan Metode Pengujian Rate Limiting dan OWASP
Authors: Dwi Cahyani Desi , Windy Puspita Dewi Luh Putu , Rama Suryadi Kadek Dika , Edy Listartha I Made
Published: January 2022

Keamanan  sistem informasi sangat penting karena hal ini berkaitan dengan data pribadi, hak akses, integritas, kerahasiaan dan ketersediaan. Sistem informasi saat ini memiliki peranan yang sangat penting baik dalam membantu tercapainya pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan secara daring ataupun memberikan informasi sekolah kepada siswa-siswi dan masyarakat, khususnya Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri (SMPN) 3 Semarapura.  Dengan demikian penulis melakukan analisis terhadap Website dengan tujuan untuk menguji apakah Website tersebut memiliki kerentanan rate limiting serta XSS dan tingkat risiko dalam  menentukan dampak yang dihasilkan dari analisa kerentanan agar terhindar dari adanya risiko ancaman tindak kejahatan cyber. Penilaian tingkat risiko kerentanan keamanan Website ini diuji dengan menggunakan metode pengujian rate limiting, XSS dari aplikasi OWASP ZAP . Hasil dari analisa kerentanan ini dapat membantu pengembang serta pengelola sistem untuk mencegah dan mengatasi dampak risiko yang ditemukan pada Website.
Analisis Penerimaan Sistem Informasi Menggunakan Technology Acceptance Model (Studi Kasus : SIJALAK Desa Pohsanten)
Authors: Novianti Kadek Dwi Pradnyani , Putri Ni Komang Wina Lestari , Purnamayanti Ida Ayu Gede Wiwik
Published: January 2022

Website Sistem Pelayanan Administrasi Khusus Untuk Lingkungan Desa (SIJALAK) merupakan satu-satunya sistem yang digunakan untuk melayani kebutuhan administrasi masyarakat Desa Pohsanten oleh pegawai di kantor Desa Pohsanten. Penelitian ini dlakukan untuk mengetahui penerimaan website SIJALAK dan bertujuan untuk mengkaji penerimaan penggunaan website oleh seluruh pegawai yang bekerja di kantor Desa Pohsanten dengan menggunakan Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dan menggunakan TAM yang terdiri dari perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude toward using, behavior intention to use dan actual use untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi penerimaan penggunaan SIJALAK. Responden dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai yang ada. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa actual use memiliki nilai path coefficients -0.065 yang tidak berpengaruh positif terhadap peneriman, sedangkan perceived usefulness memiliki nilai 0.414, perceived ease of use dengan nilai 0.218, attitude toward using dengan nilai 0.022, dan behavior intention to use dengan nilai 0.355 menunjukan nilai yang berpengaruh positif terhadap penerimaan SIJALAK. Tidak berpengaruhnya actual use merujuk pada kondisi yang ada bahwa penggunaan website SIJALAK oleh pegawai adalah untuk melayani kebutuhan administrasi jika diperlukan oleh masyarakat desa, sehingga actual use yang dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar pengukuran frekuensi dan durasi penggunaan sistem tidak begitu berpengaruh terhadap penerimaan penggunaan SIJALAK.
The Influence of Income and Number of Family Members on the Welfare of Farming Families in Gerokgak Village, Gerokgak District
Authors: Sulasni Putu , Suwendra I Wayan
Published: January 2022

In a family, income and the number of family members is an important element that must be considered because it can affect the welfare of a family. The desire to form a prosperous family can be achieved if the needs of family members can be fulfilled. The needs of the family members will be easier to achieve if family members can earn a high income. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an influence of income and number of family members on the welfare of farming families in Gerokgak Village, Gerokgak District. The type of research was causal research with a quantitative approach. The population in this study amounted to 644 households who lived in Gerokgak Village and worked as farmers with a sample of 247 respondents who were determined using the Slovin formula. The data collection method used was a questionnaire which is analyzed using statistical techniques t test and f test. Based on this research, that there is an influence between income and the number of family members on the welfare of farmer families in the Gerokgak Village both individually and collectively.
Pengaruh Sistem Pengendalian Internal, Budaya Organisasi, Komitmen Organisasi, dan Penegakan Hukum terhadap Kecendrungan Kecurangan di Lembaga Perkreditan Desa, (Studi Kasus pada Kecamatan Sawan Kabupaten Buleleng)
Authors: Dewi Kadek Hartani Graha , Dewi Putu Eka Dianita Marvilianti
Published: January 2022

This purposes of research is to know the effect of the internal control system, organizational culture, organizational commitment, and law enforcement on fraud tendency of LPD in Sawan District . This research apply quantitative research methods, by processing primary data. Sampling technique for determine of data source is purposive sampling method, and that involves LPD in Sawan District. Data source of this research was obtained by using a questionnaire, and then it is processed by using multiple linear analysis test in SPSS. The results of research is show that implementation of internal control system and law enforcement partially has a significant effect on fraud tendency of LPD in Sawan District. While, organizational culture and organizational commitment partially have no significant effect on fraud tendency of LPD in Sawan DistrictKeywords: internal0control0system, organizational0culture, organizational0commitment, law enforcement, fraud0tendency
Bribery in Government Agency: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Daurrohmah Eka Wirajuang , Urumsah Dekar
Published: January 2022

The bribery case in Indonesia has always been sticking out all the time. In the last ten years, bribery has always been the most cases handled by the KPK. This phenomenon often sticks out, and the lack of research on the detection of bribery has attracted researchers to research and explore the detection of bribery in government agencies. This study used a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach and data analysis assisted by the Nvivo software. Based on the results of this research, every people have the right to detect bribery, but this right is limited, and not all have the ability. The perpetrators of bribery can come from internal and external organizations. There is a stimulant for the perpetrator to commit bribery which is also stated in the fraud pentagon theory. The results of this study are expected to contribute to auditors in conducting forensic audits and investigations and organizations in making policies related to anti-fraud policies. It is hoped that future research can expand the research construct on the detection of bribery.
Perceptions of Usefulness and Behaviors to Keep Using in the Implementation of Regional Management Information System Applications
Authors: Maryati Sri , Siregar Muhammad Ichsan
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to test the successful implementation of the Regional Management Information System (Sistem Informasi Manajemen Daerah—SIMDA) by linking the perceived ease of users mediated by perceptions of behavior to continue to use and benefit. This research is quantitative research with a survey method using a questionnaire at the South Sumatra Provincial Government. Then, the data is processed and analyzed using PLS. From the results of the analysis, it is found that there is no significant influence between the relationship between perceived ease of use and the successful implementation of the Regional Information Management System, but perceptions of usefulness and behaviors to keep using can be strong influence between relationship between perceived ease of use and the successful implementation of system. This research contributes to the decision makers of accounting system developers to consider the factors that encourage system users who can try to participate in realizing the successful implementation of the system itself.
Factors Affecting Earnings Management of Islamic Banking Companies at the Indonesia Stock Exchange on Publication Year of 2013-2019
Authors: Syarif Firman , Qorib Ahmad , Siregar Saparuddin , Muda Iskandar
Published: January 2022

This research was conducted on Islamic banking listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2013-2019 using secondary data. A saturated data analysis is used in this research. The sample is all Sharia banking companies as many as 12 companies. The results show that Institutional Ownership, Managerial Ownership, Individual Ownership, Foreign Ownership, and the Board of Commissioners have an effect on Earnings Management. Meanwhile, State Ownership, Family Ownership, Public Ownership, Public Accountants, Audit Committee, and Board of Directors have no effect on Earnings Management. Simultaneously all independent variables have an effect on Earnings Management. Given their findings, the authors propose that the practical implication of this research is that earnings management does not occur much in Islamic banks listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange Earnings Management in the study of Islamic Business Ethics is in the form of deliberate fraud or fraud to achieve certain interests and its nature is not for the benefit of the people or society so it is not allowed because it will have an impact on the survival of the company. But interests that are in a precarious condition that endanger the interests of the public or the state, such as a pandemic outbreak, are allowed because the country is experiencing an economic downturn.
Persepsi Guru dan Siswa Jurusan Akuntansi di SMKN 1 Negara Tentang Penghapusan Ujian Nasional
Authors: Yasa I Gede Palguna , Indrayani Luh
Published: January 2022

This study aimed at determining the perceptions of teachers and students of the Accounting Department at SMKN 1 Negara on the elimination of the national exam. The research design used was a descriptive study which describes teachers’ and students’ perception toward the elimination of national examination. This study involved all accounting teachers and students of SMK Negeri 1 Negara as a population. Meanwhile, the samples of this study were 10 accounting teachers and 198 accounting students. These samples were determined by using the Solvin formula. In collecting the data, the instrument used was a questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed through descriptive analysis. The results of this study show that teachers’ perception from the internal factor dimension obtained a score of 398 which is included in the agreed category. Further, the external factor dimension obtains a score of 439 which is also included in the agreed category. Moreover, students' perceptions of the internal factor dimension obtained a score of 7,814 which is included in the agreed category. Furthermore, the external factor dimension obtains a score of 8,464 which is included in the agreed category. From the results, it can be concluded that the teachers and students of the Accounting Department at SMKN 1 Negara agree with the elimination of the national examination.
Persepsi Konsumen Terhadap Peraturan Gubernur Bali No.97 Tahun 2018 Tentang Pembatasan Timbulan Sampah Plastik Sekali Pakai di Kecamatan Mendoyo, Jembrana, Bali
Authors: Triyasmita Ni Komang Mei , Indrayani Luh
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to identify consumer perception towards Bali Governor Regulation Number 97 of 2018 on restrictions of disposable plastic waste. This research used a descriptive type research to analyze consumer perception towards Bali Governor Regulation Number 97 of 2018 on restrictions of disposable plastic waste. The population in this study include all consumers in Mendoyo Subdistrict, Jembrana Regency, Bali. This research used incidental sampling techniques which and obtained samples as many as 330 people. The results of this study were categorized in several dimensions namely dimension of need which obtained a score of 4,144 in the score range of 3,366 - 4,158 thus it is categorized as highly favorable, dimension of expectation obtained a score of 16,603 in the score range of 14,586 - 18,018 thus it is categorized as highly favorable, and dimension of experience obtained a score of 6,625 in the score range of 5,147 - 6,731 thus it is categorized as favorable.
Pengaruh Pelatihan e-Faktur dan QR Code Scanner terhadap Soft Skill Mahasiswa Akuntansi
Authors: Zahroh Fatmawati
Published: January 2022

Taxation has always undergone a reform called tax reform. Not only the regulations that are undergoing reform but also all sorts of business transactions related to taxes. One of the new ones implemented July 1, 2016 is the reporting of VAT Period SPT with its invoices that use e-invoices. This e-invoice functions to prevent fictitious tax invoices from being ed. The world of work is growing as changes in the system and tax regulations are constantly changing. That's why this research is used in order to improve the soft skills of accounting students in order to compete when graduating and looking for work. The study used experimental methods by conducting e-invoice training and QR code scanners to see the difference between students who were treatment and those who did not. And the results are so significantly different that this has an effect on the soft skills that students who have been treatment training. The results showed that the significance level of 0,000 means there are significant differences that occur in the test of the different effects of training on the soft skills of accounting students. It is expected that there is an ongoing program to hone the soft skills of students in accounting so that they feel soft skills owned by accounting students and able to compete in the world of work.