bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Survivors: Self-Determination and How It Helps Youngsters to Face the Challenges at the Work Place
Authors: Salelatu Maria Kristina
Published: October 2021

As a screenplay project about youngsters’ work life, The Survivors follows a story of three young interns named Clara, Sebastian, and Bakti in their journey during the internship program held by a famous e-commerce company. Having not enough experience working in a company, the interns have a hard time to survive in the company. Moreover, they also have non-work related problems. Luckily, these interns later learn about Self-Determination. Being self-determined means that the interns can intrinsically motivate themselves, do things by their own initiative, and also decide things based on their moral or values. Using Deci & Ryan’s Self Determination Theory in work life context, the creative work shows the importance of self-determination in facing the challenges at the work place and how youngsters can actually gain self-determination. The genre is Dramedy as it shows what usually happens to youngsters in a work place then filled it with humors so that it can be entertaining. Keywords: Youngsters, The Survivors, Dramedy, Internship, Work Life, Work Place
The Criteria of Ideal Man as Seen from Female Gaze in Free!
Authors: Berlian Dita
Published: October 2021

Japanese animations (anime) are worldwide known. They are targeted to various kinds of audience. A drama-sport anime entitled Free! is rarely found as the targeted audience is female audience. Because Free! targets female audience, the definition of the ideal men is defined from the point of view of the female audience. Therefore, the gaze which is used to identify the male protagonists is female gaze. By using the theory of male gaze and traditional male sex role themes, I found that there is a combination of masculinity and femininity in the male protagonists in Free!. The combined characteristics are shown in the physical appearance, personality traits, and roles. The appearance of this type of an ideal man leads to a new concept in Japan which is called bishōnen. Keywords: Anime, ideal man, masculinity, femininity, female gaze, bishōnen.
The Exercise of Power and Its Resistance in Isle of Dogs
Authors: Veva Gracia
Published: October 2021

This study attempts to show the forms of power exercised by a government and the resistance by the powerless in Isle of Dogs. In this study, I focus on power relations between the government led by Mayor Kobayashi and the powerless party which are the people and dogs. I address two problems which are the way the government exercises power and the way the powerless resists it.  I use Foucauldian power relations and the concept of propaganda by Michel Sproule to help me analyze the problems.  From the analysis, I find that power is exercised by the subjects who are able to manipulate others from their strategic position. I also found that power is fluid, and it transforms as it faces struggle and resistance. Finally, I find that in the field of power relations in a democratic society, people have a big role in determining the form and strength of the power that circulates in that society. Keywords: Power, Resistance, Strategy, Democracy, Obedience.
A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of the Notion of Beauty in “Dove Real Beauty Sketches”
Authors: Oey Janice Davita
Published: October 2021

This research deals with multimodality or multimodal discourse analysis in analyzing the notion of beauty in a Youtube video. It aims at finding how an advertisement uses the multiple modes in constructing the meaning, which is the notion of beauty. For this research, the object of the analysis is Dove’s video advertisement entitled “Dove Real Beauty Sketches”, which was uploaded to the YouTube channel of Dove in 2013. The issue that Dove is trying to convey through the advertisement is that beauty is in the eye of the beholder. One’s perception of beauty can differ from another. If one person describe himself/herself as unattractive, other people may think that the person is actually attractive. Through this research, I want to find how that issue is constructed through the analysis of the multiple modes used in the advertisement. The multiple modes consist of the verbal and non-verbal expressions displayed by the female participants, Olivia, Melinda, Kela, and Florence. Keywords: advertisement, beauty, notion, multimodal discourse analysis
Semiotic Analysis of Sampoerna a Mild Image Creation
Authors: Siddharta Regina
Published: October 2021

This thesis mainly deals with the process of signification in order to find out what images are being built, how those images are represented, and what messages delivered in Sampoerna A Mild billboard advertisements through the use of semiotic resources. The focus of the writers’ analysis is the advertisements themselves, as the writer uses the process of signification that involves denotation, connotation, and myth. Those theories help the writers in analyzing the meaning of the advertisement first, and then figure out how meaning is created by the advertisement. Meaning in this research is an integrated form consisting the meaning from three level of signification process: denotative level, connotative level, and myth. This research uses qualitative content analysis method to describe the meaning of qualitative materials in a systematic way. At the end, those denotative meaning and connotative meaning build an image and create myth which naturalizes the image itself. Key Words: billboard advertisements, sampoerna a mild, semiotics, process of signification, connotation, denotation
The Suicide of Jackson Maine in A Star Is Born
Authors: Santoso Synthia
Published: October 2021

In the thesis, I am interested to see the reasons for Jackson Maine, a famous and successful rock star to end his life based on the film A Star Is Born. To do that, I use Thomas Joiner’s Interpersonal Theory of Suicide. Joiner’s theory discusses the qualities and conditions in his life that may cause him to commit suicide. To see the reasons for Jackson Maine’s death as portrayed in the film, I also use David Brodwell and Kristin Thompson’s Mise-en-Scène theory. Using the approach, I can find the reasons behind his death by analyzing the film’s visual arrangement within the scenes. In my research, I find that Jackson Maine experiences great difficulties and disappointment that he fails to cope and encourages him to end his life. Social disconnections, burdensomeness beliefs, and suicide capabilities become the reasons behind his self-destruction decision. Keywords: Suicide, Mise-en-Scène, Film Analysis, Social Disconnections, Self-destruction.
Making Recruitment and Selection Tools to Solve the Lack of Human Resources in Benchmark Company
Authors: Halim Bella
Published: October 2021

Benchmark is the parent company of Basha Market and Of Sorts. The main problem of Benchmark is a lack of human resources. In their new organizational structure, there are still seven vacant positions in their three departments. New qualified employees are needed to fill these positions. In order to do that, recruitment and selection tools are needed. The first tool, the recruitment tools, can help Benchmark attract the right people for the jobs. They consist of job advertisements and an application form. The second tool, the selection tools, can help the company screen the candidates to finally pick the best people to work for them.  The tools consist of a pre-interview questionnaire and the an interview question sheet. With all the tools, Benchmark can select the right candidates and expected to be able to function as an effective and efficient company to deal with future challenges. Keywords: Hiring, Recruitment, Selection, Human Resources, Job Description.
A Guideline on How to do Market Research for Branding Purposes at Maru Design Agency
Authors: Kurniawan Richard
Published: October 2021

This is a final project report on a problem at maru design agency. Maru design is a strategic and brand design agency which provides company with their services of branding and rebranding. The services help their client to create and develop brands and solve the company’s. Their services need to research about the product of the client’s brand or prospect’s brand, but there is no clear procedure to do market research even though it is important step to attract prospect and before they develop the brand. Thus, marketing research guideline is needed for maru design. Guideline is used as procedures by which to determine a course of action. The guideline will consist of prospect’s information, product analysis, customer analysis, and competitor analysis to provide a detailed data and information. Thus, this guideline will help to do in-depth market research for any people from any background and improve maru design. Keywords: Market research guideline, Market Research, Guideline, Branding
Destination Branding Through Semiotics Analysis of Video Wonderful Indonesia 2018 ‘The More You Feel, The More You Know’
Authors: Renanda Jessica
Published: October 2021

In this study, by using the destination brand benefit pyramid and semiotics theories, the writer aimed to analyze the destination branding of Indonesia’s Tourism through semiotics analysis in visual and verbal expressions of video Wonderful Indonesia 2018 ‘The More You Feel The More You Know’. In this video, Indonesia’s tourism 2018 is highlighting three main destinations: East Nusa Tenggara, Bali and Yogyakarta. The writer also analyzed the rational benefits, emotional benefits, destination brand values (personality) and the brand essence of Indonesia’s tourism: Wonderful Indonesia. The writer uses qualitative content analysis as approach of study. As the conclusion, the writer found  that visiting Indonesia as the biggest archipelago of the world is more than just a leisure activities, but is about a journey to discover and to feel the real essence of Indonesia - a wonderful country, not just because of its natural wonders that are exist nowhere else in the world, but also because of the cultural traditions that are full of moral values which are inherited and ingrained from generation to generation as the identity as well as the characters of Indonesian people. Keywords: Destination branding, destination brand benefits, verbal and visual expressions.
Promoting Tropicana Slim Products to Cafés in Surabaya Using a Marketing Booklet
Authors: Rumimpunu Clarita Ivone
Published: October 2021

This is a Final Project report on a problem at PT. Nutrifood Indonesia. Tropicana Slim (TS) is a range of sugar free, low fat, low salt and low-calorie products. There are various ranges of TS products that can be used in Cafés, but most of the decision makers do not know that TS has other products besides sweetener. Thus, in order to introduce other products to the decision maker, a marketing tool is needed to give detail information about the products. A marketing booklet is a small book containing information about things for marketing purposes. The contents consist of general information about the company, products description, benefits of the products and contact person. To persuade the readers, Tropicana Slim’s Unique Strength Points (USP) will be emphasized in the marketing booklet contents. Thus, it will help to introduce Tropicana Slim market and penetrate its various products to the Cafés. Keywords: marketing tool, marketing booklet, USP
Varieties of Code Used by a Mixed Culture Student
Authors: Fredrik Theodoron
Published: October 2021

Codes or dialects are the most important factor in society to communicate every day. In a society, a person acquires and learns the particular code to get along with the community. It becomes interesting when a person can speak more than one code. The purpose of this study is about the varieties of code used by a person on several occasions with different people and codes/dialects. This study used qualitative approach. The results show that there were five codes that the subject used and the most frequent code spoken by the subject was Kupangnese. It can be concluded that the participants whom the subject talked to influenced the Kupangnese code to occur more.    Keywords: variety, code, mixed culture
Meaning in the Process Of Signification by the Advertisement of Hot Ones and LEGO Movie 2
Authors: Terityus Andreas Dyka
Published: October 2021

This research aims to find meaning through the process of signification within the advertisement of Hot Ones and Lego Movie 2 by the use of verbal and visual expression. The focus of the analysis is the advertisement video. Using the process of signification, connotation, denotation and myth. These theories are used by the writer to analyze the meaning of the advertisement. Firstly, the writer finds meaning constructed in the advertisement. Then the writer discusses the findings. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. Starting by compiling the data and transcribing the scenes into tables. The writer constructs meaning through verbal and visual data. Through the findings the writer found that meaning is created by the interaction of the characters. The index which was uncovered by using verbal and visual expression produces denotative and connotative meanings that are perceived by the audience as a myth.  Keywords: process of signification, myth, advertisement, LEGO, Hot Ones.
Coda: Exploring Male Depression and the Stigma Associated with Depression
Authors: Sugiarto Sheena
Published: October 2021

This creative thesis aims to show depressive symptoms in men, the stigma associated with depression, and the way stigma impacts depressed individuals by means of a screenplay. Using drama as the genre and psychological drama as the sub-genre, I exploit the emotional strain of the main character to show the struggles of male depression as well as the brutal consequences of stigma. The screenplay, titled Coda, follows Arya, a boy who struggles with depression and stigma associated with depression. As the story progresses, Arya’s mental health condition increasingly declines. Arya exhibits depressive symptoms although they are not typically recognized as depression. These include frequent irritability and inappropriate anger, escapists behavior, physical symptoms, problems with drug use, and risky behavior. In addition to that, Arya also experiences personal stigma from his family, which gradually affects their relationship and ultimately leads him to impulsively commit suicide. Keywords: Male depression, stigma, impact
Increasing Brand Awareness of Sunshine Children Centre by Highlighting its Unique Selling Points in a Promotional Video
Authors: Sutanto Stephanie , Tedjaatmadja Herwindy Maria
Published: October 2021

Sunshine Children Centre, Semarang is an English Course established in 2005 by Sri Mulyani Gondowardono. This course teaches students from young toddlers up until Grade 6. Sunshine Children Centre’s main problem is the decreasing number of students due to the changes from offline to online classes and the fact that this course does not have any promotional tool. Therefore, after considering many factors, the best solution is to make a promotional video and upload it to social media platforms such as Instagram. The duration of the video is only a minute as a promotional video should not last longer than two minutes (Klass, 2018). The video highlights all of the three Unique Selling Points (USPs). The first USP is that this course helps students in their homework and give additional assignments. Second, it offers courses for small groups and private students while the last USP is that it accepts students from both regular and immersion curriculum. By having an engaging promotional video, Sunshine Children Centre will expectedly be able to attract new customers and maintain existing students.Keywords: online learning, promotional video, Unique Selling Points
Increasing the Brand Awareness of Ambassador School Surabaya through A Website
Authors: Suyanto Aprillia Adella
Published: October 2021

Ambassador School is a Christian school established in 2011. This school offers 3 main programs which are Baby Class, Preschool, and Elementary. There are 2 schools that are similar to Ambassador School which are Bethany Christian School and CMC/SMI School because of 3 aspects: the location, price, service. The main problem of Ambassador School is related to low brand awareness, in which there are only a small number of people who know about this school and those who know are not able to explain what Ambassador School really is. The best solution of this problem is by increasing Ambassador School’s brand awareness by highlighting its strengths and uniqueness through a website. As the main concern is to increase brand awareness, a website will be the best solution since it does not only tell what a company sells, but also tells other information in detail that other promotional tools may not be able to do the same. There are 4 highlighted USPs: academics, Christian values, character education, and independence education. Highlighting all of this school’s strengths and uniqueness on a website will enable Ambassador School to not only increase the brand awareness, but also lead them to be seen as a more credible and professional school. Keywords: Brand Awareness, Promotional Tool, Website, Unique Selling Point
Increasing The Brand Awareness of KONOPA to Its Customers through Instagram Account Management
Authors: Korompis Maichel Perdana
Published: October 2021

KONOPA or Komunitas Noken Papua is an official trade brand registered by the Papua Legal Department and Human Rights Department since 2011 located in Jayapura, Papua. KONOPA's main product is Noken, a multifunctional knotted or woven bag of Papuan. Unlike other online-based Noken sellers, KONOPA has its own production space in making Noken. However, I found that there was a lack of audience interaction in KONOPA’s social media activity as well as the problem. After conducting an interview, the customers mostly were not interested in discovering the information KONOPA provided. Therefore, it is necessary to update the ways in promoting in order to increase consumer engagement. Thus, I designed some Instagram content and display pictures. These works would be beneficial for the organization to draw back the customers’ attention and buy the products. Based on the final result as well as the solved problem, the average number of the audience interaction has increased.Keywords: Brand awareness, Social Media Management, Instagram, Consumer Engagement
Increasing the Brand Awareness of Onokabe Surabaya through a Promotional Video
Authors: Hariyanto Vincent Steffano , Ibrahim Jusuf Imam
Published: October 2021

Established in December 2018 by Mr. Steven, the CEO of Boga Group Jatim, Onokabe is an all-you-can-eat Japanese restaurant by Boga Group Jatim. Onokabe has three competitors, which are Cocari, BBQ Frenzy, and Hanamasa. The competitors have similar concepts, prices, and products as Onokabe. However, due to ineffective marketing, Onokabe lacks customers and brand awareness. Whereas, Onokabe has strong USPs among the competitors, which is high-quality meat and a lot of buffet variation. Therefore, through a promotional video that highlights its USP, Onokabe can improve its brand awareness and attract potential customers. Besides that, a promotional video can be spread widely in this digital era to reach more people. Hopefully, highlighting and spreading the strength of Onokabe through a promotional video can solve the problem of Onokabe and increase its sales. Keywords: marketing, promotional tool, promotional video, Onokabe, restaurant
The Fire of the Seas: A Novel About the Bitter Discrimination in Our Society
Authors: Petra Mercellene
Published: October 2021

This article aims to discuss about the topic of discrimination and elaborate it through the form of a creative novel. Three topics are explored: the reasons for discrimination, how discrimination can continue to perpetuate, and how indirect discrimination can also hurt victims. These questions are answered in the narrative story in a novel with the help of the Social Dominance theory and Becker’s theory of Economic Discrimination. Sapphire is a fire-wielding mermaid who is discriminated against because of her power over fire. She finds out that discrimination can exist because the dominant group does not want to lose their privileges, and how discrimination still runs rampant because of the propaganda spread by the king, which is supported using the legalizing myths in Social Dominance theory. Sapphire also witnesses and suffers some indirect forms of discrimination, especially about lack of interaction and wage differences.Keywords: discrimination, indirect discrimination, social dominance, economic discrimination, fantasy, merfolk
Current Status of Cytomegalovirus Vaccines: 2016
Authors: Schleiss Mark R
Published: October 2021

A vaccine against the debilitating effects of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a major public health priority. Vaccines against CMV may also improve the outcome of solid organ and haematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation. In spite of the long‐recognised morbidity caused by CMV infection, progress towards a licenced vaccine has been slow, owing to uncertainties about the key immunological correlates of protective immunity and the optimal vaccine expression approaches to employ. Driven by the encouraging (albeit suboptimal) benefit conferred by a recombinant CMV glycoprotein B (gB) vaccine against CMV infection and disease in recent clinical trials, there is currently increased interest in designing and evaluating a number of candidate vaccines in both preclinical models and controlled trials. Several new CMV vaccine candidates are currently undergoing evaluation in clinical trials. Major challenges must be met before a vaccine can be licenced. Chief among these challenges are: (1) the need to define the optimal constituents of CMV vaccines; (2) the need to define the metrics of protection that would be required for licensure of a vaccine for congenital CMV infection and (3) the necessity of solving the challenge of designing successful vaccines against reinfection.

Key Concepts

Congenital infection with CMV is the most common congenital viral infection and is responsible for a wide range of birth defects, including sensorineural hearing loss, mental retardation and developmental delay.

Primary infection with CMV during pregnancy confers the greatest risk of foetal transmission, but recurrent infections are also common, and these infections can also lead to transmission of CMV with attendant disabilities.

Immunity to CMV is complex, and involves both cellular and humoral immune responses.

CMV encodes immune evasion genes that complicate the development of protective immunity, help promote reinfection and create challenges for vaccine design.

A vaccine for congenital CMV is a major public health priority, but no licenced vaccines exist.

Key targets of the humoral immune response to CMV and the cellular immune response include envelope glycoproteins, particularly gB and the PC proteins, and the pp65 and IE1 proteins, respectively.

Several clinical trials of both live, attenuated CMV vaccines and subunit vaccines based on recombinant and/or vectored expression of specific immunogens have been conducted.

Modest protection against CMV infection has been demonstrated by a recombinant, adjuvanted gB protein subunit vaccine, although the magnitude and duration of protection were suboptimal.

Greater public awareness of congenital CMV is required to help drive efforts to develop and licence a protective vaccine.
Plasmon‐Induced Pyro‐Phototronic Effect Enhancement in Self‐Powered UV–Vis Detection with a ZnO/CuO p–n Junction Device
Authors: Li Qi , Meng Jianping , Huang Jing , Li Zhou
Published: October 2021

It is important to detect light of low power density sensitively and fast for the application of optical communication, environmental monitoring, astronomy, and national securities. However, ZnO‐based photodetectors exhibit long decay time owing to the persistent photoconductivity (PPC) and are hard to detect light with low power density efficiently. Here, a practical strategy is utilized to improve the performance of ZnO‐based photodetectors by coupling the pyroelectric effect of ZnO with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Au nanoparticles subtly. Hence, a self‐powered photodetector is demonstrated, which is integrated with ZnO/CuO core–shell nanorods and Au nanoparticles to detect UV to vis light. This self‐powered photodetector achieves fast and sensitive detection of UV when power density is 68 nW cm−2. The performance is significantly improved than the photodetectors without Au nanoparticles. The optimal responsivity and detectivity under the same power density of UV at 325 nm are 1.4 × 10−4 A W−1 and 3.3 × 1011 Jones. Response/recovery time is remarkably shortened to ≈10 ms. The results indicate that the material configurations and design concept make the device applicable for self‐powered, high‐performance photodetectors, and provide further promoted understanding of LSPR enhanced performance of photodetectors.
π‐Extended Bodipy Self‐Assembly as Supramolecular Photonic Security Ink and Optical Waveguide
Authors: Cherumukkil Sandeep , Das Gourab , Tripathi Ravi P. N. , PavanKumar G. V. , Varughese Sunil , Ajayaghosh Ayyappanpillai
Published: October 2021

Iridescent photonic materials have wide‐ranging applications in security printing, and optical devices. While the commonly used photonic materials are based on polymers or inorganic colloidal particles, self‐assembled small molecules are rarely exploited. Herein, a Bodipy (Bodipy‐PE‐2) self‐assembly is reported that forms a layered photonic structure upon thermal annealing, exhibiting angle‐dependent iridescence of green and pink with a luminescence shift from yellow to red. The micro‐ and nano‐periodicity associated with the layered structure and the phase transformation due to the annealing are responsible for the observed properties. The single‐crystal analysis reveals the critical role of weak dispersive interactions (C–H···π, C–H···O, and N–H···F) in the crystal packing and a possible phase change in the formation of the layered structure. A stimuli‐responsive ink prepared with the annealed powder using polyethylene glycol as a vehicle medium exhibits reversible emission change between red and yellow upon heating and solvent exposure, respectively. A composite gel of the annealed Bodipy‐PE‐2 and polystyrene displays angle‐dependent color change and optical waveguiding properties. The self‐assembled Bodipy‐PE‐2 obtained from toluene exhibits active and passive waveguiding properties when excited with 532 and 633 nm laser sources.
Highly Efficient Photothermal Conversion and Water Transport during Solar Evaporation Enabled by Amorphous Hollow Multishelled Nanocomposites
Authors: Chen Xuanbo , Yang Nailiang , Wang Yanlei , He Hongyan , Wang Jiangyan , Wan Jiawei , Jiang Hongyu , Xu Bo , Wang Liming , Yu Ranbo , Tong Lianming , Gu Lin , Xiong Qihua , Chen Chunying , Zhang Suojiang , Wang Dan
Published: October 2021

Solar evaporation, which enables water purification without consuming fossil fuels, has been considered the most promising strategy to address global scarcity of drinkable water. However, the suboptimal structure and composition designs still result in a trade‐off between photothermal conversion, water transport, and tolerance to harsh environments. Here, an ultrastable amorphous Ta2O5/C nanocomposite is designed with a hollow multishelled structure (HoMS) for solar evaporation. This HoMS results in highly efficient photoabsorption and photothermal conversion, as well as a decrease of the actual water evaporation enthalpy. A superfast evaporation speed of 4.02 kg m−2 h−1 is achieved. More importantly, a World Health Organization standard drinkable water can be achieved from seawater, heavy‐metal‐ and bacteria‐containing water, and even from extremely acidic/alkaline or radioactive water sources. Notably, the concentration of pseudovirus SC2‐P can be decreased by 6 orders of magnitude after evaporation.
Synthesis of Heterospirocycles through Gold‐(I) Catalysis: Useful Building Blocks for Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Soklou Kossi Efouako , Marzag Hamid , Vallée Béatrice , Routier Sylvain , Plé Karen
Published: October 2021

Gold‐(I) catalysis was used for the intramolecular cyclization of tertiary alcohols with terminal alkynes to form diverse aza‐spirocycles. The reaction was carried out with low catalyst loading under microwave irradiation to give both sulfonylated and acylated spirocyclic nitrogen derivatives. Gram scale spirocyclization was carried out to demonstrate the robustness of the reaction. An intramolecular Mizoroki‐Heck reaction was performed to give several tetracyclic spirocycles. Double bond reduction and selective protecting group manipulation gave spiropiperazine and spiromorpholine derivatives. These compounds were incorporated into biologically relevant scaffolds to give the first selective spirocyclic inhibitors of LIMK1.

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Maternal Benzophenone Exposure Impairs Hippocampus Development and Cognitive Function in Mouse Offspring
Authors: Cui Fengzhen , Pan Qingfei , Wang Siyi , Zhao Faming , Wang Runxin , Zhang Tingting , Song Yaying , He Jun , Zhang Haolin , Weng Qiang , Jin Yang , Xia Wei , Li Yuanyuan , Yang Guo‐Yuan , De Vos Winnok H. , Timmermans Jean‐Pierre , Xu Shunqing , Tang Yaohui , Sheng Xia
Published: October 2021

Benzophenones are widely supplemented in personal care products, but little is known about its neurodevelopmental toxicity. The previous epidemiological study discovered a negative correlation between maternal exposure to a benzophenone metabolite 4‐hydroxybenzophenone (4HBP) and child's neurodevelopment, yet the causal relationship and detailed mechanism remain to be defined. Here, it is reported that prenatal, but not postnatal, exposure to environmentally relevant level of 4HBP impairs hippocampus development and causes cognitive dysfunction in offspring mice. Transcriptomic analyses reveal that 4HBP induces the endoplasmic reticulum stress‐induced apoptotic signaling and inflammatory response in hippocampal neural stem cells. Mechanistically, 4HBP exposure activates protein kinase R‐like ER kinase (PERK) signaling, which induces CHOP, inhibits IκB translation, and transactivates p65, thereby promoting inflammation and apoptosis on multiple levels. Importantly, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of PERK pathway significantly attenuates 4HBP‐induced NFκB signaling and neurodevelopmental abnormalities in mice and in a human brain organoid model. The study uncovers the neurodevelopmental toxicity of BP and cautions its exposure during pregnancy.
In Situ Defect Engineering Route to Optimize the Cationic Redox Activity of Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheet via Strong Electronic Coupling with Holey Substrate
Authors: Jin Xiaoyan , Lee Taehun , Tamakloe Wilson , Patil Sharad B. , Soon Aloysius , Kang Yong‐Mook , Hwang Seong‐Ju
Published: October 2021

A defect engineering of inorganic solids garners great deal of research activities because of its high efficacy to optimize diverse energy‐related functionalities of nanostructured materials. In this study, a novel in situ defect engineering route to maximize electrocatalytic redox activity of inorganic nanosheet is developed by using holey nanostructured substrate with strong interfacial electronic coupling. Density functional theory calculations and in situ spectroscopic analyses confirm that efficient interfacial charge transfer takes place between holey TiN and Ni−Fe‐layered double hydroxide (LDH), leading to the feedback formation of nitrogen vacancies and a maximization of cation redox activity. The holey TiN−LDH nanohybrid is found to exhibit a superior functionality as an oxygen electrocatalyst and electrode for Li−O2 batteries compared to its non‐holey homologues. The great impact of hybridization‐driven vacancy introduction on the electrochemical performance originates from an efficient electrochemical activation of both Fe and Ni ions during electrocatalytic process, a reinforcement of interfacial electronic coupling, an increase in electrochemical active sites, and an improvement in electrocatalysis/charge‐transfer kinetics.
Polydopamine Nanoparticle‐Mediated Dopaminergic Immunoregulation in Colitis
Authors: Li Juanjuan , Hou Weiliang , Lin Sisi , Wang Lu , Pan Chao , Wu Feng , Liu Jinyao
Published: October 2021

Despite immunosuppression is critical for reducing immune overactivation, existing immunosuppressive agents are largely restricted by low inhibition efficiencies and unpredictable off‐target toxicities. Here, the use of the dopaminergic system is reported to suppress hyperactive immune responses in local inflamed tissues. A polydopamine nanoparticular immunosuppressant (PDNI) is synthesized to stimulate regulatory T (Treg) cells and directly inhibit T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, and Th17 cells. Moreover, PDNI can inhibit the activation of dendritic cells to upregulate the ratio of Treg/Th17, which assists the reversion of inflammatory responses. The application of dopaminergic immunoregulation is further disclosed by combining with gut microbiota modulation for treating inflammations. The combination is implemented by coating living beneficial bacteria with PDNI. Following oral delivery, coated bacteria not only suppress the hyperactive immune responses but also positively modulate the gut microbiome in mice characterized with colitis. Strikingly, the combination demonstrates enhanced treatment efficacies in comparison with clinical aminosalicylic acid in two murine models of colitis. The use of the dopaminergic system opens a window to intervene immune responses and provides a versatile platform for the development of new therapeutics for treating inflammatory diseases.
Cardiovascular findings in Williams–Beuren Syndrome: Experience of a single center with 127 cases
Authors: Honjo Rachel Sayuri , Monteleone Vanessa Figueiredo , Aiello Vera Demarchi , Wagenfuhr Jaqueline , Issa Victor Sarli , Pomerantzeff Pablo Maria Alberto , Furusawa Erika Arai , Zanardo Evelin Aline , Kulikowski Leslie Domenici , Bertola Debora Romeo , Kim Chong Ae
Published: October 2021

Williams–Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a rare, microdeletion syndrome characterized by facial dysmorphisms, intellectual disability, a friendly personality, cardiovascular and other abnormalities. Cardiovascular defects (CVD) are among the most prevalent characteristics in WBS, being supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) the most frequent, followed by peripheral pulmonary stenosis (PPS). A comprehensive retrospective review of medical records of 127 patients with molecular diagnosis of WBS, in a period of 20 years, was done to evaluate the incidence, the natural history of cardiovascular disease, and the need for surgical intervention, including heart transplantation (HT). A total of 94/127 patients presented with CVD. Of these 94 patients, 50% presented with SVAS and 22.3% needed heart surgery and/or cardiac catheterization including one that required HT due to severe SVAS‐related heart failure at 19 years of age. The patient died in the postoperative period due to infectious complications. Cardiovascular problems are the major cause of sudden death in patients with WBS, who have a significantly higher mortality risk associated with surgical interventions. There is a higher risk for anesthesia‐related adverse events and for major adverse cardiac events following surgery. End‐stage heart failure due to myocardial ischemia has been described in WBS patients and it is important to consider that HT can become their only viable option. To our knowledge, the case mentioned here is the first HT reported in an adolescent with WBS. HT can be a viable therapeutic option in WBS patients with adequate evaluation, planning, and a multidisciplinary team to provide the required perioperative care and follow‐up.
Photo‐Induced Polymer Cyclization via Supramolecular Confinement of Cyanostilbenes
Authors: Xue Yuncong , Jiang Sixun , Zhong Hua , Chen Ze , Wang Feng
Published: October 2021

Efficient synthesis of cyclic polymers has received much attention in polymer chemistry field. Although photochemical cycloaddition of terminal π‐bonded units provides a plausible way toward cyclic polymerization, it remains challenging to avoid side reactions by manipulating the reaction selectivity. Herein supramolecular confinement has been developed as a promising strategy to address this issue, by introducing highly directional hydrogen bonds to the photo‐reactive cyanostilbenes. The cyanostilbenes units on both ends of a telechelic macromonomer are orientationally aligned with high local concentrations, yielding [2+2] photo‐cycloaddition products upon 430 nm light irradiation. It leads to the formation of cyclic polymers in the self‐assembled state, in stark contrast to Z‐E isomerization of cyanostilbenes in the monomeric state. Overall, supramolecular confinement effect exemplified in the current study provides new avenues toward cyclic topological polymers with high synthetic efficiency.
Precise Spatial‐Designed Metal‐Organic‐Framework Nanosheets for Efficient Energy Transfer and Photocatalysis
Authors: Cai Peiyu , Xu Ming , Meng Sha‐Sha , Lin Zaifeng , Yan Tianhao , Drake Hannah F. , Zhang Peng , Pang Jiandong , Gu Zhi‐Yuan , Zhou Hong‐Cai
Published: October 2021

High‐efficiency photocatalysis in metal‐organic frameworks (MOF) and MOF nanosheets (NSs) are often limited by their short‐lived charge separation as well as self‐quenching. Here, we propose to use the energy‐transfer process (EnT) to increase charge separation, thus enhancing the catalytic performance of a series of MOF NSs. With the use of NS, the photocatalyst can also be well isolated to reduce self‐quenching. Tetrakis(4‐carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (H4TCPP) and 1,3,6,8‐tetrakis(p‐benzoic acid)pyrene (H4TBAPy) linkers were chosen as the acceptor and donor moieties, respectively. Accounting for the precise spatial design afforded by the MOF NSs, the donor and acceptor moieties could be closely positioned on the NSs, allowing for an efficient EnT process as well as a high degree of site isolation. Two templates, donor‐on‐acceptor NS and acceptor‐on‐donor NS catalysts, were successfully synthesized, and the results show that the second one has much enhanced catalytic performances over the first one due to site‐isolated active photocatalysts.
Rhenium‐Mediated Conversion of Dinitrogen and Nitric Oxide to Nitrous Oxide
Authors: Alig Lukas , Eisenlohr Kim A. , Zelenkova Yaroslava , Rosendahl Sven , Herbst‐Irmer Regine , Demeshko Serhiy , Holthausen Max C. , Schneider Sven
Published: October 2021

Reductive splitting of N2is an attractive strategy towards nitrogen fixation beyond ammonia at ambient conditions. However, the resulting nitride complexes often suffer from thermodynamic overstabilization hampering functionalization. Furthermore, oxidative nitrogen atom transfer of N2derived nitrides remains unknown. We here report a ReIVpincer platform that mediates N2splitting upon chemical reduction or electrolysis with unprecedented yield. The N2derived ReVnitrides undergo facile nitrogen atom transfer to nitric oxide, giving nitrous oxide nearly quantitatively. Experimental and computational results indicate that outer‐sphere ReN/NO radical coupling is facilitated by the activation of the nitride via initial coordination of NO.
Highly selective and sensitive fluorescent probe possessing AIEE and ICT properties for rapid detection of Pb2+ in aqueous medium and its applications in living cells
Authors: Xue Songsong , Xie Zhengfeng , Chu Yicheng , Shi Wei , Liu Yucheng , Zhao Yunhui
Published: October 2021

In this paper, a novel rapid, highly selective and sensitive Pb2+ fluorescent probe (E)‐N′‐((2‐(4′‐(diphenylamino)‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐yl)‐2H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methylene) (DBTBH) was synthesized. The probe DBTBH not only exhibited more excellent selectivity and sensitivity to Pb2+ detection compared with other analytes (include metal ions and anions) in H2O:THF solution (v:v = 9:1, 10 mM Tris–HCl, 1 mM KI, pH 7.4), but also had excellent optical properties such as aggregation‐induced emission enhancement (AIEE) and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). Detection limit of the probe DBTBH towards Pb2+ was 4.49 × 10−8 M. The possible mechanism was verified by 1H NMR titration and HR‐MS. Furthermore, the successful detection of Pb2+ by DBTBH in real water samples and HeLa cells indicated that DBTBH has great potential for selective recognition of Pb2+ in the natural environment and biological systems. These findings will provide a promising new idea for designing better Pb2+ fluorescent probes in the future.
Effect of Substituted Styrene‐Butadiene Rubber Binders on the Stability of 4.5 V‐Charged LiCoO2 Electrode
Authors: Tatara Ryoichi , Umezawa Takuma , Kubota Kei , Horiba Tatsuo , Takaishi Rena , Hida Kazuo , Matsuyama Takashi , Yasuno Satoshi , Komaba Shinichi
Published: October 2021

The combination of synthetically modified styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was studied as an aqueous binder for LiCoO2 composite electrodes under high‐voltage operation. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) and 2‐vinylpyridine (VP) substituted SBR copolymers were synthesized and examined as functional polymer binders. The electrolyte‐solvent uptake of the binder‐polymer film was increased by the introduction of the MMA units, but the solubility of the polymer in the solvent remained negligibly low. Hard‐X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the formation of a relatively thick passivation layer on the LiCoO2 surface with MMA‐substituted SBR and CMC binder, which suppressed the self‐discharge of 4.5 V‐charged LiCoO2. The capacity retention during battery cycling experiments was similar for the LiCoO2 electrodes with MMA‐modified and unmodified SBR binders. While the effect of VP‐substitution was not significant, incorporation of the MMA unit enhanced the stability of the charged LiCoO2 electrode and provided improved self‐discharge performance.
CFPboard anonymous case histories: Ethical themes of compensation disclosure
Authors: Sensenig Derek J. , Lurtz Meghaan , Joseph Mindy , Harris Josh , White Kenneth J. , McCoy Megan
Published: October 2021

This study analyzed the CFP® Board's anonymous case histories (ACH) for the ethical use and misuse of compensation disclosures on the CFP Board's “Find A CFP Professional” tool. More specifically we explored the research question: what are the characteristics of CFP professionals who have violated established ethical standards regarding fee‐only, fee‐based, and commission fee structures from 2009 to 2020 according to the theory of fraudulent ethical behavior? A thematic analysis was used to compare cases in which CFP certificants incorrectly characterized their compensation structure (n = 23). Four themes emerged: practitioner characteristics, firm characteristics, payment characteristics, and culpability. Each theme was examined under the fraud pentagon's theoretical framework (Crowe, 2011). Several interesting findings emerged from the study, including tenured professionals representing a larger proportion of planners who committed ethics violations than previous research would suggest. In addition, there appeared to be difficulties understanding the fee‐only structure when working under certain licenses or firm structures. These findings support the need to maintain public disclosure of fee‐structure for consumers, highlights the importance of educating consumers on the differences between compensation types, and reinforces the need for continued education for CFP professionals to stay abreast of compliance matters.
Cobaloxime Complex Salts: Synthesis, Patterning on Carbon Nanomembranes and Heterogeneous Hydrogen Evolution Studies
Authors: Oswald Eva , Gaus Anna‐Laurine , Kund Julian , Küllmer Maria , Romer Jan , Weizenegger Simon , Ullrich Tobias , Mengele Alexander K. , Petermann Lydia , Leiter Robert , Unwin Patrick R. , Kaiser Ute , Rau Sven , Kahnt Axel , Turchanin Andrey , von Delius Max , Kranz Christine
Published: October 2021

Cobaloximes are promising, earth‐abundant catalysts for the light‐driven hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Typically, these cobalt(III) complexes are prepared in situ or employed in their neutral form, for example, [Co(dmgH)2(py)Cl], even though related complex salts have been reported previously and could, in principle, offer improved catalytic activity as well as more efficient immobilization on solid support. Herein, we report an interdisciplinary investigation into complex salts [Co(dmgH)2(py)2]+[Co(dmgBPh2)2Cl2]−,
and [Co(dmgH)2(py)2]+BArF−. We describe their strategic syntheses from the commercially available complex [Co(dmgH)2(py)Cl] and demonstrate that these double and single complex salts are potent catalysts for the light‐driven HER. We also show that scanning electrochemical cell microscopy can be used to deposit arrays of catalysts [Co(dmgH)2(py)2]+[Co(dmgBPh2)2Cl2]−,
and [Co(dmgH)2(py)Cl] on supported and free‐standing amino‐terminated ∼1‐nm‐thick carbon nanomembranes (CNMs). Photocatalytic H2 evolution at such arrays was quantified with Pd microsensors by scanning electrochemical microscopy, thus providing a new approach for catalytic evaluation and opening up novel routes for the creation and analysis of “designer catalyst arrays”, nanoprinted in a desired pattern on a solid support.
Development of an Enzyme‐Inhibitor Reaction Using Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein II for One‐Pot Megamolecule Assembly
Authors: Kimmel Blaise R. , Mrksich Milan
Published: October 2021

This paper presents an enzyme building block for the assembly of megamolecules. The system is based on the inhibition of the human‐derived cellular retinoic acid binding protein II (CRABP2) domain. We synthesized a synthetic retinoid bearing an arylfluorosulfate group, which uses sulfur fluoride exchange click chemistry to covalently inhibit CRABP2. We conjugated both the inhibitor and a fluorescein tag to an oligo(ethylene glycol) backbone and measured a second‐order rate constant for the protein inhibition reaction of approximately 3,600 M−1s−1. We used this new enzyme‐inhibitor pair to assemble multi‐protein structures in one‐pot reactions using three orthogonal assembly chemistries to demonstrate exact control over the placement of protein domains within a single, homogeneous molecule. This work enables a new dimension of control over specificity, orientation, and stoichiometry of protein domains within atomically precise nanostructures.
Negishi Cross‐Coupling Provides Alkylated Tryptophans and Tryptophan Regioisomers
Authors: Dachwitz Steffen , Scharkowski Bjarne , Sewald Norbert
Published: October 2021

Mild transition‐metal catalysed cross‐couplings enable direct functionalisation of biocatalytically halogenated tryptophans with alkyl iodides, representing a new alternative for late‐stage derivatisations of halogenated aromatic amino acids. Moreover, this strategy enables preparation of (homo)tryptophan regioisomers in a simple two‐step synthesis using a Pd‐catalysed Negishi cross coupling. This method provides access to non‐canonical constitutional surrogates of tryptophan, ready for use in peptide synthesis.