bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Hypermutation and Defective Mismatch Repair in ctDNA from Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ritch Elie , Fu Simon Y.F. , Herberts Cameron , Wang Gang , Warner Evan W. , Schönlau Elena , Taavitsainen Sinja , Murtha Andrew J. , Vandekerkhove Gillian , Beja Kevin , Loktionova Yulia , Khalaf Daniel , Fazli Ladan , Kushnir Igal , Ferrario Cristiano , Hotte Sebastien , Annala Matti , Chi Kim N. , Wyatt Alexander W.
Published: November 2019

Purpose:

DNA mismatch repair defects (MMRd) and tumor hypermutation are rare and under-characterized in metastatic prostate cancer (mPC). Furthermore, because hypermutated MMRd prostate cancers can respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors, there is an urgent need for practical detection tools.

Experimental Design:

We analyzed plasma cell-free DNA-targeted sequencing data from 433 patients with mPC with circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) purity ≥2%. Samples with somatic hypermutation were subjected to 185 × whole-exome sequencing and capture of mismatch repair gene introns. Archival tissue was analyzed with targeted sequencing and IHC.

Results:

Sixteen patients (3.7%) had somatic hypermutation with MMRd etiology, evidenced by deleterious alterations in MSH2, MSH6, or MLH1, microsatellite instability, and characteristic trinucleotide signatures. ctDNA was concordant with mismatch repair protein IHC and DNA sequencing of tumor tissue. Tumor suppressors such as PTEN, RB1, and TP53 were inactivated by mutation rather than copy-number loss. Hotspot mutations in oncogenes such as AKT1, PIK3CA, and CTNNB1 were common, and the androgen receptor (AR)-ligand binding domain was mutated in 9 of 16 patients. We observed high intrapatient clonal diversity, evidenced by subclonal driver mutations and shifts in mutation allele frequency over time. Patients with hypermutation and MMRd etiology in ctDNA had a poor response to AR inhibition and inferior survival compared with a control cohort.

Conclusions:

Hypermutated MMRd mPC is associated with oncogene activation and subclonal diversity, which may contribute to a clinically aggressive disposition in selected patients. In patients with detectable ctDNA, cell-free DNA sequencing is a practical tool to prioritize this subtype for immunotherapy.

See related commentary by Schweizer and Yu, p. 981
Ceramide Analogue SACLAC Modulates Sphingolipid Levels and MCL-1 Splicing to Induce Apoptosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Pearson Jennifer M. , Tan Su-Fern , Sharma Arati , Annageldiyev Charyguly , Fox Todd E. , Abad Jose Luis , Fabrias Gemma , Desai Dhimant , Amin Shantu , Wang Hong-Gang , Cabot Myles C. , Claxton David F. , Kester Mark , Feith David J. , Loughran Thomas P.
Published: November 2019

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of immature myeloid cells in the blood and bone marrow. The 5-year survival rate is approximately 25%, and recent therapeutic developments have yielded little survival benefit. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets. We previously demonstrated that acid ceramidase (ASAH1, referred to as AC) is upregulated in AML and high AC activity correlates with poor patient survival. Here, we characterized a novel AC inhibitor, SACLAC, that significantly reduced the viability of AML cells with an EC50 of approximately 3 μmol/L across 30 human AML cell lines. Treatment of AML cell lines with SACLAC effectively blocked AC activity and induced a decrease in sphingosine 1-phosphate and a 2.5-fold increase in total ceramide levels. Mechanistically, we showed that SACLAC treatment led to reduced levels of splicing factor SF3B1 and alternative MCL-1 mRNA splicing in multiple human AML cell lines. This increased proapoptotic MCL-1S levels and contributed to SACLAC-induced apoptosis in AML cells. The apoptotic effects of SACLAC were attenuated by SF3B1 or MCL-1 overexpression and by selective knockdown of MCL-1S. Furthermore, AC knockdown and exogenous C16-ceramide supplementation induced similar changes in SF3B1 level and MCL-1S/L ratio. Finally, we demonstrated that SACLAC treatment leads to a 37% to 75% reduction in leukemic burden in two human AML xenograft mouse models.

Implications:

These data further emphasize AC as a therapeutic target in AML and define SACLAC as a potent inhibitor to be further optimized for future clinical development.
Determining Diasporic Chinese Identities from a Legal Perspective in China
Authors: Liu (刘国福) Guofu , Zhu (朱倩) Qian
Published: November 2019

The Chinese diaspora broadly includes the groups of huaren (华人, ethnic Chinese of different nationalities), huaqiao (华侨, overseas Chinese who are Chinese citizens overseas), guiqiao (归侨, returned overseas Chinese), and qiaojuan (侨眷, relatives in China of overseas Chinese). In the Chinese legal system, the determining of Chinese diasporic status is an important issue in the Chinese diaspora law, as it pertains to the protection of diaspora rights and interests by governmental authorities. The diaspora law in China identifies Chinese diasporic status and grants rights and duties according to nationality and residential qualifications but does not consider the actual contact between the Chinese diaspora and China. This has caused substantive legal procedural issues regarding the confirmation of the legal identity of Chinese diaspora and the issuing of relevant certifications both in China and abroad. These legal issues have presented significant challenges for the Chinese government in its efforts to engage with and manage the Chinese diaspora and it has created a bureaucratic barrier to the protection of their rights and interests. This paper aims to explore the current issues in determining the legal status of the Chinese diaspora, to critically review relevant laws, policies, and empirical research, and to suggest possible solutions for improving diaspora law in the legal system.
A new stiletto fly in the genus Anabarhynchus Macquart (Diptera: Therevidae)
from Fiji
Authors: IRWIN MICHAEL E. , WINTERTON SHAUN L.
Published: November 2019

An unusual species of Anabarhynchus Macquart is described and represents the first record of a stiletto fly from Fiji.
Epidemiology of Pediatric Tracheostomy and Risk Factors for Poor Outcomes: An 11‐Year Single‐Center Experience
Authors: Chia Aletheia Z. H. , Ng Zhi Min , Pang Yu Xian , Ang Annette H. C. , Chow Cristelle C. T. , Teoh Oon Hoe , Lee Jan Hau
Published: November 2019

Objective

Children with long‐term tracheostomies are at higher risk of complications. This study aims to describe the epidemiology, outcomes, and factors associated with successful decannulation in children undergoing tracheostomy.

Study Design

Case series with chart review.

Setting

Tertiary hospital.

Subjects and Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on pediatric tracheostomies performed from 2006 to 2016. Demographics, preexisting comorbidities, indications for tracheostomy, and pretracheostomy ventilatory requirements were collected. A multivariate regression model with covariates of age, failure to thrive (FTT), and comorbidities was used to identify factors associated with successful decannulation. Secondary outcomes were ventilation and oxygen requirements at hospital discharge, hospital and intensive care unit length of stay, and complications.

Results

In total, 105 patients received a tracheostomy at a median age of 8.0 months (interquartile range, 2.0‐45.0). The most common indication was anatomic airway obstruction (55 of 105, 52.5%). Forty‐four (41.9%) patients had preexisting FTT. In‐hospital mortality was 14 of 105 (13.3%). None were directly related to tracheostomy. At discharge, 40 of 91 (44.0%) and 12 of 91 (13.2%) required home mechanical ventilation and supplemental oxygen, respectively. Forty‐one (39%) patients underwent successful decannulation at a median 408 days (interquartile range, 170‐1153) posttracheostomy. On adjusted analysis, unsuccessful decannulation was more common in patients with FTT and neurologic comorbidities. Postoperative complications were more common in younger patients and those with a longer time to decannulation.

Conclusion

Neurologic comorbidities and FTT were risk factors for unsuccessful decannulation after pediatric tracheostomy. Nutritional interventions may have a role in improving long‐term outcomes following pediatric tracheostomies and should be investigated in future studies.
Stratigraphy and radiocarbon ages of late-Holocene Las Derrumbadas rhyolitic domes and surrounding vents in the Serdán-Oriental basin (Mexico): Implications for archeology, biology, and hazard assessment
Authors: Chédeville Corentin , Guilbaud Marie-Noëlle , Siebe Claus
Published: November 2019

The Serdán-Oriental lacustrine basin in the eastern part of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt holds a volcanic field of >30 monogenetic vents. Among them, the ~1000-m-high, ~11 km3 Las Derrumbadas rhyolite twin domes dominate the interior of the basin and are surrounded by smaller scoria cones, lava flows, shields, tuff rings, and maars. Of interest in this area are rare endemic species encountered in some of the maar lakes, as well as the large number of pre-Hispanic archeological sites indicating that the lacustrine environment became attractive as a dwelling hub during the late Holocene. We conducted a stratigraphic and radiocarbon dating study to reconstruct the volcanic history, assess the impact of past eruptions on the environment and pre-Hispanic populations, and evaluate future volcanic hazards. Accordingly, at least 10 volcanoes were identified to be < 25,000 BC of which eight are Holocene in age (Alchichica, Tecuitlapa, Atexcac, Cerro El Brujo, Tepexitl, Aljojuca, Derrumbadas, Piedras Negras). Hence, the central part of the Serdán-Oriental basin should be considered potentially active and new eruptions are likely to occur in the future. Furthermore, we show that the ~AD 20 Las Derrumbadas eruption is one of the most voluminous silicic effusive eruptions during the Holocene worldwide. This eruption possibly triggered a migration of human populations from dispersed rural hamlets in the central part of the basin toward fewer larger urban sites (e.g. Cantona) at its margins. Finally, the young ages of the maars imply that the unique biodiversity of their crater lakes must have developed over remarkably short timescales.
Academic Entrepreneurship for Social Innovation in Taiwan: The Cases of the OurCityLove Platform and the Forest App
Authors: Wong Chan-Yuan , Hsieh Ying-Che , Wu Ching-Yan , Hu Mei-Chih
Published: November 2019

This study attempts to extend the definition of social innovation within the context of academic entrepreneurship. We consider how academic entrepreneurs can undertake commercial activities, and which ones, and how these activities contribute to the contexts of social innovation. We explore two cases that are derived from two premier universities in Taiwan in terms of research and academic entrepreneurship: OurCityLove from National Chiao Tung University (NCTU) and the Forest app from National Tsing Hua University (NTHU). The two cases show how social enterprises achieved the financial ability to expand their businesses and create the desired social values. While the first case, derived from NCTU, focused on providing useful information on social spaces, and services for the elderly, parents traveling with babies and those with disabilities (and also creating job opportunities for the latter), the other from NTHU created an app to influence those addicted to playing with their smartphones. The cases illustrate how the two universities capitalised on their technological competencies and academic programmes to support graduates and researchers in venturing into social entrepreneurship.
China and Sustainable Development Performance in Economic Transition
Authors: Kim Soo Jung , Kang Sung Jin , Jung Tae Yong , Cao Shijun
Published: November 2019

By conducting a cluster analysis for the period 1990–2014, this study compares the sustainable development performance of China’s economic transition with 41 other countries in transition. While the previous studies mainly used economic indicators as a comparison factor, this study uses economic, social, and environmental indicators, which are the three main pillars of sustainable development. The cluster analysis results indicate that China shows the most remarkable improvement in terms of sustainable development. The improvement was the largest among the other transition countries. In particular, the social and environmental sectors have improved significantly. Through further improvement in the economic sector, China would be the most successful transition country in sustainable development performance.
Correction to: GASAL2: a GPU accelerated sequence alignment library for high-throughput NGS data
Authors: Ahmed Nauman , Lévy Jonathan , Ren Shanshan , Mushtaq Hamid , Bertels Koen , Al-Ars Zaid
Published: November 2019

Following publication of the original article [1], the author requested changes to the figures 4, 7, 8, 9, 12 and 14 to align these with the text. The corrected figures are supplied below.
Pathway-specific modulatory effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation during pedaling in chronic stroke survivors
Authors: Bao Shi-Chun , Leung Wing-Cheong , K. Cheung Vincent C. , Zhou Ping , Tong Kai-Yu
Published: November 2019

Background

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is extensively used in stroke motor rehabilitation. How it promotes motor recovery remains only partially understood. NMES could change muscular properties, produce altered sensory inputs, and modulate fluctuations of cortical activities; but the potential contribution from cortico-muscular couplings during NMES synchronized with dynamic movement has rarely been discussed.

Method

We investigated cortico-muscular interactions during passive, active, and NMES rhythmic pedaling in healthy subjects and chronic stroke survivors. EEG (128 channels), EMG (4 unilateral lower limb muscles) and movement parameters were measured during 3 sessions of constant-speed pedaling. Sensory-level NMES (20 mA) was applied to the muscles, and cyclic stimulation patterns were synchronized with the EMG during pedaling cycles. Adaptive mixture independent component analysis was utilized to determine the movement-related electro-cortical sources and the source dipole clusters. A directed cortico-muscular coupling analysis was conducted between representative source clusters and the EMGs using generalized partial directed coherence (GPDC). The bidirectional GPDC was compared across muscles and pedaling sessions for post-stroke and healthy subjects.

Results

Directed cortico-muscular coupling of NMES cycling was more similar to that of active pedaling than to that of passive pedaling for the tested muscles. For healthy subjects, sensory-level NMES could modulate GPDC of both ascending and descending pathways. Whereas for stroke survivors, NMES could modulate GPDC of only the ascending pathways.

Conclusions

By clarifying how NMES influences neuromuscular control during pedaling in healthy and post-stroke subjects, our results indicate the potential limitation of sensory-level NMES in promoting sensorimotor recovery in chronic stroke survivors.
Jumping translocations of chromosome 1q occurring by a multi-stage process in an acute myeloid leukemia progressed from myelodysplastic syndrome with a TET2 mutation
Authors: Lee Ina , Gudipati Mary A. , Waters Elizabeth , Duong Vu H. , Baer Maria R. , Zou Ying
Published: November 2019

Background

Jumping translocations (JTs) are rare chromosome rearrangements characterized by re-localization of one donor chromosome to multiple recipient chromosomes. Here, we describe an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that progressed from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in association with acquisition of 1q JTs. The sequence of molecular and cytogenetic changes in our patient may provide a mechanistic model for the generation of JTs in leukemia.

Case presentation

A 68-year-old man presented with pancytopenia. Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy showed a hypercellular marrow with multilineage dysplasia, consistent with MDS, with no increase in blasts. Karyotype and MDS fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) panel were normal. Repeat bone marrow aspirate and biopsy after 8 cycles of azacitidine, with persistent pancytopenia, showed no changes in morphology, and karyotype was again normal. Myeloid mutation panel showed mutations in RUNX1, SRSF2, ASXL1, and TET2. Three years after diagnosis, he developed AML with myelodysplasia-related changes. Karyotype was abnormal, with unbalanced 1q JTs to the short arms of acrocentric chromosomes 14 and 21, leading to gain of 1q.

Conclusions

Our patient had MDS with pathogenic mutations of the RUNX1, SRSF2, ASXL1, and TET2 genes and developed 1q JTs at the time of progression from MDS to AML. Our data suggest that the formation of 1q JTs involves multiple stages and may provide a mechanistic model for the generation of JTs in leukemia.
Colonisation with pathogenic drug-resistant bacteria and Clostridioides difficile among residents of residential care facilities in Cape Town, South Africa: a cross-sectional prevalence study
Authors: September Jason , Geffen Leon , Manning Kathryn , Naicker Preneshni , Faro Cheryl , Mendelson Marc , Wasserman Sean
Published: November 2019

Background

Residential care facilities (RCFs) act as reservoirs for multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO). There are scarce data on colonisation with MDROs in Africa. We aimed to determine the prevalence of MDROs and C. difficile and risk factors for carriage amongst residents of RCFs in Cape Town, South Africa.

Methods

We performed a cross-sectional surveillance study at three RCFs. Chromogenic agar was used to screen skin swabs for methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and stool samples for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E). Antigen testing and PCR was used to detect Clostridiodes difficile. Risk factors for colonisation were determined with logistic regression.

Results

One hundred fifty-four residents were enrolled, providing 119 stool samples and 152 sets of skin swabs. Twenty-seven (22.7%) stool samples were positive for ESBL-E, and 13 (8.6%) residents had at least one skin swab positive for MRSA. Two (1.6%) stool samples tested positive for C. difficile. Poor functional status (OR 1.3 (95% CI, 1.0–1.6)) and incontinence (OR 2.9 (95% CI, 1.2–6.9)) were significant predictors for ESBL-E colonisation. MRSA colonization appeared higher in frail care areas (8/58 v 5/94, p = 0.07).

Conclusions

There was a relatively high prevalence of colonisation with MDROs, particularly ESBL-E, but low C. difficile carriage, with implications for antibiotic prescribing and infection control practice.
Citrus limetta peels: a promising substrate for the production of multienzyme preparation from a yeast consortium
Authors: Shariq Maria , Sohail Muhammad
Published: November 2019

Citrus limettapeels (CLP), a waste material generated by juice industries, has scarcely been reported for the production of yeast enzymes. The study was conducted to obtain a multienzyme preparation from a yeast consortium under solid-state fermentation of CLP. The substrate, CLP, was pretreated using either acid or alkali, and factors affecting production of multienzyme were studied by generating two separate Plackett–Burman designs. Since, alkali-pretreated CLP yielded higher titers; therefore, significant factors affecting multienzyme preparation using this substrate were optimized by employing Box–Behnken design. The analysis revealed that under optimized conditions, i.e., cultivation of yeast strains for 72 h to alkali-pretreated CLP moistened with mineral salt medium having pH 5 yielded more than 10 IU mL−1of cellulase, xylanase, and amylase. The multienzyme was studied for its application to saccharify fruit and non-fruit wastes and for orange juice clarification. The data showed that the enzyme preparation could release 3.03 mg L−1 h−1of reducing sugars from various crude substrates and was able to reduce turbidity of orange juice by 11% with substantial decrease in viscosity and acidity. Hence, CLP appeared as a promising substrate to produce multienzyme preparation from yeast consortium.
علم الآثار ودوره في تكريس المشهد التوراتيّ في القدس: ”مدينة داود“
نموذجًا
Authors: عمر عبد ربه
Published: November 2019

تتناول هذه المقالة علم الآثار وكيفية توظيفه من قبل المؤسسة الإس ا رئيلية من أجل
تكريس المشهد التو ا رتيّ في القدس وذلك من خال التركيز على ما يُسمى ﺑ "مدينة
داود" في سلوان بوصفه نموذجًا يوضح طُرق تلاعب هذه المؤسسة في الجغ ا رفيا والآثار
لصياغة تاريخ مختلق عن المكان ومحيطه. فقد قامت المؤسسات الإس ا رئيليّة المسؤولة
عن الآثار في أواخر الستينيات ومطلع السبعينيات من القرن الماضي، وبعد فترة وجيزة
من احتال المدينة عام 1967 واستكمالً للعمل الآثاريّ الميدانيّ الذي بدئ به في
أواخر القرن التاسع، بالحفر الأثري في المنطقة الجنوبيّة والجنوبيّة الشرقيّة من
المسجد الأقصى وفي منطقة سلوان. كان البحث الأثريّ الإس ا رئيليّ بطيئًا وسرعان ما
تكثّف هذا العمل في هذه الجهات في مطلع التسعينيات؛ وذلك للدور المهم الذي تلعبه في
بناء الهوية القومية–الدينية في إس ا رئيل وتعزيزها وتمكين دور المؤسسات القائمة
على العمل الأثري فيها، عبر تكريس مُسميات وروايات تو ا رتيّة ومن ثم الاستحواذ على
الهويّة الحضارية للمدينة وتقديم المدينة للجمهور بهذا المشهد التو ا رتيّ.
Performative Utterances and Gender Performance in Shakespeare's Richard III
Authors: Hamamra Bilal
Published: November 2019

This article aims to analyze the discourse of cursing and gender performance in Shakespeare's Richard III (1592) through Judith Butler's theory of gender as a performative act in conjunction with J. L. Austin's concept of performative utterances, in order to further a cultural understanding of the beliefs surrounding curses in early modern England. I deploy Richard III as a case study to demonstrate that speech-act theory is applicable in a dramatic text, a context that Austin failed to consider when he theorized illocutionary acts. Since the construction of feminine identities in Richard III is based on performance–in early modern England boy actors impersonated female figures vocally and physically, I argue that curses are gendered feminine despite the fact that cursing women transgress the conventional feminine virtue of silence and despite the cultural belief that curses produce agency of which women are conventionally deprived. As such, the discourse of female cursing can be read as a case of minor literature, a mode of enunciation that challenges and eclipses Richard's discourse, and which emanates from the conventional view that the female curse is a performative speech act that is divinely endorsed. It is an effective means of retaliation, leading to the destruction of villainous figures.
How candidate selection structures and genders political ambition: illustrations from Uruguay
Authors: Josefsson Cecilia
Published: November 2019

Men’s over-representation persists in almost all legislatures. This article engages with this problem by bringing together literature on the gendered nature of political parties and literature on the gender gap in political ambition to argue that candidate selection procedures structure the meaning and importance of political ambition. Exploiting the large variation in formal and informal institutions guiding candidate selection in Uruguay, I theorise and empirically explore how two of the most common ways to select legislative candidates worldwide – (1) primaries and (2) exclusive leadership selection – shape the meaning and importance of political ambition in diverging ways, with gendered effects.
Planning and practice of clinical research: Basic principles and errors as exemplified by Russian diabetology (A lecture)
Authors: Starostina Ye. G. , Antsiferov M. B.
Published: November 2019

In one of the previous publications, the main indicators of the quality of diabetes care in our country have already been analyzed. One of the main (if not the main) reasons for its unsatisfactory quality, in our opinion, is inconsistency of theory and practice with the modern world scientific and clinical level of diabetology. A number of provisions of domestic diabetology are still based on the approaches of the 50-70s. For some recommendations, it is generally impossible to find scientific justifications in either foreign or domestic literature. They are transmitted orally from endocrinologists of the older generation to the young, like legends, without being scientifically proven. The only justification for them is the statement this is our school or this is how practice shows.

Any approaches are really tested by practice. That is why unsatisfactory indicators of compensation and acute complications and disability for diabetes mellitus indicate significant shortcomings in domestic diabetology. When an endocrinologist says that he repeatedly had to note, for example, the appearance of acetonuria in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus after a fatty meal, or the ophthalmologist discovers a positive dynamics of the state of the retina while taking angioprotectors, these facts in themselves, observations, even numerous ones, do not prove the existence of a causal relationship between the two phenomena. Even the ancients said: "After this - does not mean therefore." Due to the selectivity of attention and memory, the opposite cases, which are no less (in our example, the absence of acetonuria after a fatty meal or the preservation of hemorrhages, despite the many months of taking angioprotectors), prefer to not notice.

That is why it seems appropriate to discuss strictly defined principles and rules of evidence-based scientific and clinical research existing in the world practice. The main objective of this article is to help scientists avoid methodological errors in research, learn how to plan them correctly, and practical doctors to critically and thoughtfully understand the publications of medical journals. Programs of medical faculties of many countries include special courses on the formation of a critical type of medical thinking and the ability to reasoned analysis (the course medical logic, decision analysis, critical analysis of the postulates of medicine, etc.), which also address research planning problems. For clarity, this publication will focus on clinical trials conducted with the participation of patients and with the goal, as a rule, of studying the effectiveness of a treatment method or an individual drug, the characteristics of the course of the disease under certain conditions, etc.
Penentuan Konsep Pengembangan Kawasan Pedesaan di Kecamatan Tulung, Kabupaten Klaten
Authors: Akbar Estar Putra , Wungo Grandy Loranesssa
Published: November 2019

Menurut RTRW Kecamatan Tulung menjadi kawasan pertanian dan kawasan industri. Permukiman yang tumbuh di Kecamatan Tulung cenderung memusat di berbagai titik yang terdapat pusat aktivitas seperti industri. Permukiman di Kecamatan Tulung berkembang secara organik atau unplanned. Letak Kecamatan Tulung cukup strategis yaitu berada diantara Kabupaten Klaten dan Kabupaten Boyolali serta akses jalan kolektor Jatinom-Boyolali yang menghubungkan Kabupaten Boyolali dan Kabupaten Klaten juga membuat Kecamatan Tulung mudah dijangkau. Hal ini menyebabkan Kecamatan Tulung menjadi kawasan hunian yang ideal yang berdampak pada bertambahnya luas lahan permukiman tanpa ada control dari pemerintah. Konsep Eco Industrial Village diharapkan mampu menjawab masalah yang ada di Kecamatan Tulung. Metode pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui survei primer dan sekunder. Survei primer dilakukan dengan terjun langsung ke lapangan untuk melakukan observasi lapangan, wawancara, serta pemetaan denga Teknik analisis deskriptif. Tujuan penelitian ini dibagi dalam beberapa sasaran: pertama, penentuan konsep pengembangan wilayah. Kedua, melakukan pemetaan zonasi kawasan sesuai dengan konsep.
Realtime top-k personalized pagerank over large graphs on GPUs
Authors: Shi Jieming , Yang Renchi , Jin Tianyuan , Xiao Xiaokui , Yang Yin
Published: November 2019

Given a graph
G
, a source node
s
∈
G
and a positive integer
k
, a top-
k Personalized PageRank (PPR)
query returns the
k
nodes with the highest PPR values with respect to
s
, where the PPR of a node
v
measures its relevance from the perspective of source
s.
Top-
k
PPR processing is a fundamental task in many important applications such as web search, social networks, and graph analytics. This paper aims to answer such a query in
realtime
, i.e., within less than 100ms, on an Internet-scale graph with billions of edges. This is far beyond the current state of the art, due to the immense computational cost of processing a PPR query. We achieve this goal with a novel algorithm kPAR, which utilizes the massive parallel processing power of GPUs.

The main challenge in designing a GPU-based PPR algorithm lies in that a GPU is mainly a
parallel computation
device, whereas PPR processing involves graph traversals and value propagation operations, which are inherently
sequential
and
memory-bound.
Existing scalable PPR algorithms are mostly described as single-thread CPU solutions that are resistant to parallelization. Further, they usually involve complex data structures which do not have efficient adaptations on GPUs. kPAR overcomes these problems via both novel algorithmic designs (namely,
adaptive forward push
and
inverted random walks
) and system engineering (e.g., load balancing) to realize the potential of GPUs. Meanwhile, kPAR provides rigorous guarantees on both result quality and worst-case efficiency. Extensive experiments show that kPAR is usually 10x faster than parallel adaptations of existing methods. Notably, on a billion-edge Twitter graph, kPAR answers a top-1000 PPR query in 42.4 milliseconds.
Notes on the Use of the Sign URBS (L.225) in Anatolian Hieroglyphic
Authors: Trameri Andrea
Published: November 2019

This article discusses the use of the sign  (L.225) in Anatolian Hieroglyphic. In particular, it analyzes the attestations and contexts of use of the sign employed in combination with  (L.391) (§ 2). It is well-known that the self-standing sign  was used as a determinative for city names, while the form with ligature +MI was employed as a logogram. A systematic analysis of the Anatolian Hieroglyphic corpus shows that this convention was very consistent. This article provides an updated corpus of attestations of the logographic usage; it is also shown that a less common form of this sign combination, without ligature (), was an alternative logographic writing in the early stage of the script, but the form with ligature () became the standard after the 12th century. Possible exceptions to this convention and other inconsistent or problematic uses are discussed (§ 3). Conclusions include some considerations on the possible phonetic quality of the ligature +MI, and on the form of the Luwian word for “city” (§ 4). The final section discusses the use of the sign  in the spelling of the name Mursili, in light of the present analysis (§ 5).
An investigation of the effects of level density models and alpha optical model potentials on the cross-section calculations for the production of the radionuclides 62Cu, 67Ga, 86Y and 89Zr via some alpha induced reactions
Authors: Şekerci Mert
Published: November 2019

Theoretical studies via nuclear reaction models have an undeniable importance and impact in terms of better understanding of reaction processes and their nature. In this study, by considering the importance of these models and the medical radionuclides, the effects of six level density models and eight alpha optical model potentials on the cross-section calculations for the production of the radionuclides 62Cu, 67Ga, 86Y and 89Zr via 59Co(α,n)62Cu, 60Ni(α,np)62Cu, 65Cu(α,2n)67Ga, 64Zn(α,p)67Ga, 85Rb(α,3n)86Y, 86Sr(α,n)89Zr, 87Sr(α,2n)89Zr and 88Sr(α,3n)89Zr reactions were investigated. Calculations for each reaction route were performed by using the TALYS v1.9 code. The most consistent model with the literature data taken from the Experimental Nuclear Reaction Database (EXFOR), was identified by using the reduced chi-squared statistics in addition to an eyeball estimation. Also, the effects of combinational use of selected models and potentials were investigated by comparing the calculational results with the experimental data.
Effectiveness and toxicity of lenvatinib in refractory thyroid cancer: Dutch real-life data
Authors: Aydemirli M D , Kapiteijn E , Ferrier K R M , Ottevanger P B , Links T P , van der Horst-Schrivers A N A , Broekman K E , Groenwold R H H , Zwaveling J
Published: November 2019

Objective

The SELECT trial showed progression-free survival (PFS) benefit for lenvatinib for advanced radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAI-refractory or RR-DTC) patients, on which current clinical practice is based. We assessed whether the effectiveness and toxicity of lenvatinib in real-life clinical practice in the Netherlands were comparable to the pivotal SELECT trial.

Methods

From three Dutch centres Electronic Health Records (EHRs) of patients treated in the lenvatinib compassionate use program or as standard of care were reviewed and checked for SELECT eligibility criteria. Baseline characteristics, safety, and efficacy measures were compared and PFS and overall survival (OS) were calculated. Furthermore, PFS was compared to estimates of PFS reported in other studies.

Results

A total of 39 DTC patients with a median age of 62 years were analysed. Of these, 27 patients (69%) did not fulfil the SELECT eligibility criteria. The most common grade ≥3 toxicities were hypertension (n = 11, 28%), diarrhoea (n = 7, 18%), vomiting (n = 4, 10%), and gallbladder disease (n = 3, 8%). Median PFS and median OS were 9.7 (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.0–15.5) and 18.3 (95% CI: 4.9–31.7) months, respectively, response rate was 38% (95% CI: 23–54%). PFS in the Dutch real-life situation was comparable to previous real-life studies, but inferior to PFS as shown in the SELECT trial (P = 0.04).

Conclusions

PFS in our non-trial population was significantly shorter than in the SELECT trial population. In the interpretation of results, differences in the real-life population and the SELECT study population regarding patient characteristics should be taken into account.
Transcription Profiles of Age-at-Maturity-Associated Genes Suggest Cell Fate Commitment Regulation as a Key Factor in the Atlantic Salmon Maturation Process
Authors: Kurko Johanna , Debes Paul V , House Andrew H , Aykanat Tutku , Erkinaro Jaakko , Primmer Craig R
Published: November 2019

Despite recent taxonomic diversification in studies linking genotype with phenotype, follow-up studies aimed at understanding the molecular processes of such genotype-phenotype associations remain rare. The age at which an individual reaches sexual maturity is an important fitness trait in many wild species. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating maturation timing processes remain obscure. A recent genome-wide association study in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) identified large-effect age-at-maturity-associated chromosomal regions including genes vgll3, akap11 and six6, which have roles in adipogenesis, spermatogenesis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, respectively. Here, we determine expression patterns of these genes during salmon development and their potential molecular partners and pathways. Using Nanostring transcription profiling technology, we show development- and tissue-specific mRNA expression patterns for vgll3, akap11 and six6. Correlated expression levels of vgll3 and akap11, which have adjacent chromosomal location, suggests they may have shared regulation. Further, vgll3 correlating with arhgap6 and yap1, and akap11 with lats1 and yap1 suggests that Vgll3 and Akap11 take part in actin cytoskeleton regulation. Tissue-specific expression results indicate that vgll3 and akap11 paralogs have sex-dependent expression patterns in gonads. Moreover, six6 correlating with slc38a6 and rtn1, and Hippo signaling genes suggests that Six6 could have a broader role in the HPG neuroendrocrine and cell fate commitment regulation, respectively. We conclude that Vgll3, Akap11 and Six6 may influence Atlantic salmon maturation timing via affecting adipogenesis and gametogenesis by regulating cell fate commitment and the HPG axis. These results may help to unravel general molecular mechanisms behind maturation.
Control of Locomotory Behavior of Caenorhabditis elegans by the Immunoglobulin Superfamily Protein RIG-3
Authors: Bhardwaj Ashwani , Pandey Pratima , Babu Kavita
Published: November 2019

Cell surface immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) proteins play important roles in the development and function of the nervous system . Here we define the role of a Caenorhabditis elegans IgSF protein, RIG-3, in the function of the AVA command interneuron. This study reveals that RIG-3 regulates the abundance of the glutamate receptor subunit, GLR-1, in the AVA command interneuron and also regulates reversal behavior in C. elegans. The mutant strain lacking rig-3 (rig-3 (ok2156)) shows increased reversal frequency during local search behaviors. Genetic and behavioral experiments suggest that RIG-3 functions through GLR-1 to regulate reversal behavior. We also show that the increased reversal frequency seen in rig-3 mutants is dependent on the increase in GLR-1 abundance at synaptic inputs to AVA, suggesting that RIG-3 alters the synaptic strength of incoming synapses through GLR-1. Consistent with the imaging experiments, altered synaptic strength was also reflected in increased calcium transients in rig-3 mutants when compared to wild-type control animals. Our results further suggest that animals lacking rig-3 show increased AVA activity, allowing the release of FLP-18 neuropeptide from AVA, which is an activity-dependent signaling molecule. Finally, we show that FLP-18 functions through the neuropeptide receptor, NPR-5, to modulate reversal behavior in C. elegans.
The Biodiverse Rotifers (Rotifera: Eurotatoria) of Small Wetlands of the Brahmaputra River Floodplains of Lower and Upper Assam, Northeast India
Authors: SHARMA Bhushan Kumar , SHARMA Sumita
Published: November 2019

Rotifera assemblages of small floodplain wetlands (dobas or dubies) of lower and upper regions of the Brahmaputra river basin of Assam state of northeast India (NEI) reveal 157 species, belonging to 34 genera and 18 families, and highlight notable speciose constellation of up to 50 species/sample. One species, each is new to the Oriental region and Assam, and species of global and regional biogeographic interest form notable fractions. The biodiverse rotifer fauna and various interesting species are hypothesized to habitat diversity of the sampled dobas or dubies, impact of `the Assam-gateway’- an important biogeographic corridor of India, and location of the study area in the Indo-Burmese biodiversity hot-spot. Lecanidae and Lepadellidae are species-rich families, both of lower and upper Assam wetlands; upper Assam wetlands, in particular, are characterized by a distinct paucity of the Brachionidae and Brachionus spp., the relative paucity of Trichocerca, Keratella and Mytilina species, rare occurrence of Asplanchna and Filinia species, and lack of species of Conochilidae and Hexarthridae. Our results indicate the littoral-periphytic nature and tropical character of the rotifers. Overall, this study is an important contribution to Rotifera biodiversity of small lentic habitats of India, Asia and that of the tropics and subtropics.
Gibson Assembly Cloning v1
Authors: The Nonprofit Plasmid Repository Addgene
Published: November 2019

This protocol describes Gibson Assembly cloning (Nat Methods 2009;6(5):343-5). To see the full abstract and additional resources, please visit the Addgene protocol page.
Colony Formation Titering Assay for Lentivirus v1
Authors: The Nonprofit Plasmid Repository Addgene
Published: November 2019

This protocol is for running a colony formation titering assay for Lentivirus. To see the full abstract and additional resources, visit the Addgene protocol page. Sample Data
'Sisyphus nobis ante oculos' (Lucr. 3. 995): o dissenso entre 'imperium' e 'auctoritas' na Roma de fins da República
Authors: Sant’Angelo Maria de Nazareth Eichler
Published: November 2019

Propomos, no artigo que segue, uma nova interpretação acerca da seção do De rerum natura que contém o mito de Sísifo (3, 995-1002). Nossa leitura parte do contexto de crescente desequilíbrio verificado em fins da República, da dinâmica de complementaridade e exclusão recíprocas do binômio propriamente romano de auctoritas e potestas. Lucrécio evoca o personagem mítico como forma de alertar para a necessidade de impedir que o imperium dos altos magistrados lhes seja recusado pelo “não” vindo dos deuses. O autor acusa segmentos da elite comprometidos com a orientação política “dos optimates” de ob-nuntiare, mediante consulta aos auspícios, o trabalho das assembleias eletivas e deliberativas do populus romanus, e, com isso, de frustrar as agendas de líderes alinhados à tradição intelectual dos “popularis”.
Efeitos dos Exercícios Físicos em Pacientes Submetidos à Quimioterapia Paliativa
Authors: Greco Fernanda Palmas , Pinto Larissa Vieira , Lucatto Jeanette Jaber , Cunha Thiago Maracinni , Silva Janete Maria , Alveno Daniel Antunes
Published: November 2019

Introdução: O envelhecimento no Brasil avança a passos largos com aumento da prevalência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNTs), sendo estas as principais causas de óbito no mundo. As neoplasias são a segunda DCNT mais prevalente e demandam muitos recursos em saúde. A quimioterapia paliativa é um dos tratamentos de escolha para controle de sintomas da neoplasia, pode promover desde fadiga à neuropatia periférica. Por este motivo, os exercícios físicos têm sido recomendados em pacientes com esse tipo de tratamento. Objetivo: Verificar os efeitos dos exercícios físicos em pacientes submetidos a quimioterapia paliativa. Método: Revisão sistemática, seguindo as orientações PRISMA. Pesquisa realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicas LILACS, MEDLINE, PEDro, Clinical Trial e SciELO, consultado pelos descritores: terapia medicamentosa (drug therapy), índice de gravidade da doença (severity of illness index), reabilitação (rehabilitation), exercício físico (physical exercise) e cuidados paliativos (palliative care). Incluídos artigos em português e inglês, sem delimitação de data, ensaios clínicos. A avaliação da qualidade metodológica seguiu a escala de risco de viés da Cochrane. Resultados: Selecionados 10 artigos, sendo cinco com baixo risco de viés; três com viés incerto; e dois com alto risco. Todos os estudos observaram melhora significativa no grupo intervenção quando comparado ao grupo controle nos seguintes desfechos: qualidade vida, controle de sintomas e autonomia. Quanto ao tipo de exercício, apenas cinco compararam diferentes modalidades de exercícios (aeróbios, resistidos ou mistos) e não encontraram diferença estatística entre eles. Outros quatro artigos utilizaram um tipo de exercício, e apenas um estudo utilizou eletroestimulação, não promovendo avanço no nível de atividade física, força muscular e controle de sintomas (dor e fadiga). Conclusão: Embora poucos estudos na literatura, os exercícios físicos parecem contribuir para melhora da força muscular, qualidade de vida, controle de sintomas e manutenção da funcionalidade em pacientes submetidos a quimioterapia paliativa.

Descritores: Tratamento Farmacológico; Reabilitação; Índice de Gravidade de Doença; Cuidados Paliativos.
Motociclistas acidentados: caracterização, perfil comportamental e sintomas de transtornos mentais
Authors: Favero Beceiro Monique , Hebert Matos Renan , Pasini Paez Martinez Guilherme , Trettel  Bochini Giovana , Borge de Freitas Camila , Talpo Zacheo Vilalva Andressa , Santos Miyazaki Eduardo , Espada Paulo César , De Oliveira Santos Miyazaki Maria Cristina , Rodrigues  Bertolini Danielle
Published: November 2019

Introdução: Acidentes de trânsito (AT) são uma das principais causas de trauma no mundo. No Brasil, a taxa de mortalidade de motociclistas envolvidos em AT aumentou de forma significante entre 2004 e 2014: de 2,8 para 6,2 óbitos respectivamente por 100 mil habitantes. Objetivos: caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico de motociclistas vítimas de Acidentes de Trânsito atendidos no Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto (2016 a 2018); identificar o perfil comportamental desses pacientes e rastrear sintomas de transtornos mentais. Métodos: pacientes envolvidos em acidentes com motocicleta (motoristas), atendidos no Pronto Atendimento da Cirurgia do Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil, foram convidados a participar do estudo e responderam aos seguintes instrumentos: Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) e Inventário de Auto-Avaliação para Adultos (ASR). O Banco de Dados da Unidade de Trauma do Hospital de Base forneceu as infomações do prontuário para a construção do perfil sociodemográfico e clínico (referentes às lesões do trauma) do paciente. Resultados: Os participantes (n = 40) eram principalmente do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 33,83 anos (± 12,95) e baixa escolaridade; 13 relataram dirigir após ingestão de bebida alcoólica. A maioria apresentou lesões leves. Foram identificados (ASR e MINI) problemas externalizantes e internalizantes, violação de regras, queixas somáticas, abuso de álcool e de crack. Conclusão: Entre os motociclistas acidentados houve predominância de jovens do sexo masculino com baixa escolaridade, maior prevalência de lesões nas extremidades e no abdomem, uso de álcool associado à direção e presença de sintomas de transtornos mentais internalizantes e externalizantes.
Trudny związek demokracji i wolnego rynku w warunkach deglobalizacji. Perspektywa katolickiej nauki społecznej
Authors: Dylus Aniela
Published: November 2019

W artykule podejmuje się pytanie, czy teza o związku demokracji i wolnego rynku obowiązuje także w warunkach deglobalizacji. Dotychczas koniunkcję autorytarnych reżimów politycznych z liberalnym systemem gospodarczym traktowano jako wyjątki od reguły. Osłabiony dziś związek demokracji i wolnego rynku prezentujemy z „perspektywy katolickiej nauki społecznej”. W punkcie wyjścia pokazujemy, na czym opiera się przekonanie o współzależności wolnego rynku i demokracji oraz narastanie kryzysu „demokratycznego kapitalizmu”. Następnie omawiamy te związane z globalizacją przemiany gospodarcze, które w konsekwencji osłabiają demokrację. Rezultatem społecznego niezadowolenia ze skutków globalizacji są próby jej zahamowania. Pojawia się jednak pytanie, czy w ogóle jest to możliwe. Dopiero po uchyleniu tej wątpliwości następuje charakterystyka symptomów deglobalizacji. Jeśli gospodarczą globalizację cechuje maksimum rynkowej wolności, to z deglobalizacją wiążemy jej ograniczenie. Rozważania zamyka próba ustalenia, czy to osłabienie rynkowej wolności przekłada się na kondycję demokracji.
Kulturowe dylematy polskiej transformacji: między adaptacją a odrzuceniem
Authors: Śliz Anna , Szczepański Marek S.
Published: November 2019

Współczesny świat uwikłany jest w procesy o znaczeniu globalnym. Najważniejsze to globalizacja i metropolizacja, których rezultaty zmieniają polski system ekonomiczny, polityczny i kulturowy. Głównym celem artykułu jest pokazanie zmian, jakie zaszły w polskiej kulturze po 1989 r. Po pierwsze, Polska stała się społeczeństwem zróżnicowanym kulturowo, gdyż żyją tutaj mniejszości etniczne, narodowe czy religijne. Po drugie, do Polski docierają elementy innych kultur, ale także elementy polskiej kultury stały się uniwersalne. To wszystko się dzieje, gdyż Polska została włączona w system światowy.
Tożsamość pogranicza jako kategoria socjologii pogranicza. Próba reinterpretacji
Authors: Sadowski Andrzej
Published: November 2019

Celem artykułu jest próba reinterpretacji pojęcia tożsamości pogranicza jako kategorii socjologii pogranicza. Przedstawiona koncepcja, w nawiązaniu do istoty tożsamości oraz pogranicza, uwzględnia łącznie zarówno tożsamość większości, jak i mniejszości kulturowych zamieszkujących na pograniczach. Została tak przedstawiona, aby mogła mieć zastosowanie do realizacji badań empirycznych. W zakończeniu Autor wyróżnił trzy typy tożsamości zbiorowych, określanych jako tożsamości pogranicza: tożsamość wiążącą, tożsamość pograniczną oraz tożsamość intergraniczną.