bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“E se essa Criança for Gay?”: Heteronormatividade e Homoparentalidade em Cena
Authors: Gurgel Lívia Lima , Uziel Anna Paula
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo traz o recorte de uma pesquisa que tem como tema a adoção por casais homossexuais em Fortaleza. Compreende-se a existência de uma multiplicidade de possibilidades familiares, e entre elas estão as famílias formadas por casais de pessoas do mesmo sexo que buscam tornar-se pais e mães através da adoção. Neste recorte são apresentadas algumas ideias sobre a vivência de pais e mães homossexuais que constituem famílias que fogem aos modelos hegemônicos, mas que se encontram atravessadas pela heteronormatividade que impera na sociedade. Foram realizadas entrevistas com oito casais de Fortaleza, em uma pesquisa cartográfica, através da qual se buscou acompanhar os processos vivenciados pelas pessoas entrevistadas. As narrativas compartilhadas pelos casais que participaram da pesquisa apontam para diferentes escolhas quando se trata de dialogar ou não com as crianças adotadas sobre a homossexualidade dos pais e das mães que as adotaram. Também trazem receios de que a criança adotada seja homossexual e que os pais e mães adotivas sejam culpabilizadas por isso. Reflete-se sobre a pluralidade de estratégias utilizadas por essas famílias e sobre a importância de pensarmos acerca das possíveis relações existentes entre a orientação sexual dos pais e das mães e a sexualidade de crianças e adolescentes que crescem em famílias que destoam dos modelos hegemônicos sem que esta relação seja necessariamente posta como negativa ou problemática.
Inovações, Reproduções e Produções das Famílias de Mães Lésbicas: uma Revisão Bibliográfica
Authors: Pontes Mônica Fortuna
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de pensar as famílias compostas por mães lésbicas e filhos/as, apontar e discutir como as mesmas reproduzem, inovam e produzem formas de ser família, uma vez que são atravessadas por desdobramentos provenientes de direitos adquiridos, avanços das tecnologias reprodutivas, entre outros, em sociedades pautadas pela heteronormatividade. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica que compreendeu estudos desenvolvidos no Reino Unido, na Bélgica, na Espanha, na França e no Brasil, com filhos/as criados/as por mães lésbicas, a partir dos anos 1980 até os dias de hoje. As pesquisas envolvendo filhos/as de mães lésbicas foram iniciadas na década de 1970 e impulsionados por argumentos relacionados ao prejuízo psicológico que essas crianças sofreriam ao serem criadas por mães homossexuais. Os resultados dos estudos apontaram, desde o início de sua realização, não haver distinções relevantes entre filhos/as criados/as em lares homoparentais e em lares heteroparentais. Após anos de estudos desenvolvidos, de lutas dos movimentos sociais, de busca por reconhecimento e igualdade que resultaram em conquistas de direitos, a afirmação da inexistência de diferenças significativas imperou. Será que nos dias de hoje, aproximadamente quarenta anos após os primeiros estudos sobre homoparentalidade, diferenças e singularidades ainda serão vistas como inferioridades? Entre a acomodação e a invenção, as famílias homoparentais femininas não perturbariam certas bases do modelo de parentesco euro-americano. Contudo, mais do que pensar somente em termos de reprodução ou inovação de um tipo de família dita tradicional, pode-se pensar em produção.
Cultura del agua, multinaturalismo y prosopografía
Authors: Martos-García Aitana , Martos-Núñez Eloy , Del Pino-Tortonda Alejandro
Published: August 2019

El artículo aborda las relaciones entre el paradigma del multinaturalismo y la profusión de genios acuáticos en la mitología mediterránea e ibérica en particular. Para ello, se basa en la descripción de patrones prosopográficos subyacentes a las distintas personificaciones mitológicas del agua. Cabe pensar en la extrapolación de esta diversidad y riqueza de figuras al ámbito social, entendiendo que son fabulaciones que encarnan la memoria hídrica de una comunidad a través de sus Intangibles (así, el agua salvaje o silvestre se encarnaría en figuras teriomórficas), que debe ser puesta en valor como elemento sustancial de la cultura del agua.

El reto principal es visibilizar dicha cultura y recuperar sus prácticas, ecosimbolismos y lenguajes desde una perspectiva renovada, por ejemplo en relación al ecofeminismo y otras corrientes críticas que defienden la necesidad de recuperar los saberes tradicionales y de generar nuevas narrativas del agua, que concilien las  narrativas ancestrales con las nuevas demandas sociales y ecológicas.
PUBLIC DIPLOMACY AS A TOOL OF SHAPING THE PERCEPTION OF UKRAINE IN THE WEST AMID THE AGGRAVATION OF RELATIONS WITH RUSSIA
Authors: Pipchenko N. , Dovbenko M.
Published: August 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of Ukraine’s public diplomacy in terms of aggravation of relations with Russia. Public diplomacy is researched as an instrument for shaping the perception of Ukraine in the West that is exposed to constant threats of information influence by the Russian Federation.
The paper analyses the role of public diplomacy in shaping the favorable image of the state in the mass consciousness and ensuring national interests in the international arena. The peculiarities of the development of public diplomacy of Ukraine at the institutional and practical levels being intensified since 2014 after the beginning of Russian aggression against Ukraine, are determined. Conceptual documents and specially created institutions for shaping a positive perception of Ukraine abroad and disrupting negative influence of Russian propaganda are examined. As a result, the main directions of Ukraine's public diplomacy are the development ties with the public and media; realization of image, cultural and informational projects abroad; cooperation of governmental bodies for supporting foreign-policy interests.
Through the content analysis of the Western media space on the coverage of Ukraine and the expert assessment of public diplomacy of Ukraine, the peculiarities of the influence of Ukrainian public diplomacy on shaping its perception in the West were identified and a set of recommendations was developed to improve Ukraine's perceptions in the face of aggravation of relations with Russia. These include developing West and Russian directions of public diplomacy, intensifying media coverage of Ukraine, changing narratives about Ukraine as well as engaging civil activists and artists for promotion the national interests abroad.
Daily indices of central and peripheral blood pressure in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and arterial hypertension at different stages of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Polyakova I V , Borovkova N Yu , Tulichev A A , Maslova T I , Linyova N Yu , Zubova S Yu , Maksimova I Yu
Published: August 2019

Aim. To study the daily indices of central and peripheral blood pressure in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and arterial hypertension at different stages of chronic kidney disease.

Methods. 76 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and arterial hypertension were examined: 13.2% with chronic kidney disease stage 1 (G1), 15.8% G2, 21.0% G3, 23.7% G4, 26.3% G5D. For the daily monitoring of central (in aorta) and peripheral blood pressure (in brachial artery), the BPLab monitor and the Vasotens-24 technology were used.

Results. In the examined patients central and peripheral systolic, diastolic, and pulse blood pressure increased with renal function decline. Thus, the daily systolic pressure increased from 112 [107; 129] mm Hg in the aorta and 127 [118; 131] mm Hg in the brachial artery in patients with G1 to 146 [137; 153] and 147 [138; 155] mm Hg with G5D; diastolic — from 76 [70; 83] and 78 [71; 85] to 96 [82; 104] and 97 [81; 107] mm Hg; pulse pressure — from 36 [33; 45] and 48 [42; 51] to 53 [45; 56] and 62 [50; 65] mm Hg (p <0.05). A statistically significant excess of peripheral values over the corresponding parameters of central blood pressure for systolic (in groups G1–2) and pulse (G1–4) pressure was detected. Thus, in patients with G2, the average daily systolic pressure was 132 [115; 136] mm Hg in brachial artery and 113 [110; 127] mm Hg in aorta, pulse pressure — 49 [41; 52] and 33 [30; 41] mm Hg (p <0.05). With further progression of renal failure, these differences were not reliably detected. Most patients had a defect of the daily aortic and brachial blood pressure rhythm but the dipper status of systolic and diastolic blood pressure was less common than brachial one (24 and 20% versus 39 and 35%, χ2=5.21 and 5.64; p <0.05).

Conclusion. The features of the peripheral and central blood pressure daily indices at different stages of chronic kidney disease in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and arterial hypertension determine the relevance of their further study to compare the effect on cardiovascular risk and renal failure progression.
Vascular endothelial growth factor in tumor cells in platinum-containing chemotherapy of advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: Gening S O , Dolgova D R , Antoneeva I I , Abakumova T V , Kolodiy I O , Gening T P
Published: August 2019

Aim. Study of the relationship of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in tumor cells of ascites and primary tumor in patients with ascitic form of ovarian cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to the AP scheme (doxorubicin + cisplatin).

Methods. The level of vascular endothelial growth factor messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was assessed using PCR-RT in epithelial cells of ascites and primary tumor tissue obtained intraoperatively after 2–4 courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to the AP scheme from 25 patients with a verified diagnosis of ovarian cancer (serous adenocarcinoma) at stage III–IV according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Processing of the results was performed using the software package Statistica 10.

Results. An increase in the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA in epithelial cells of ascites in 60% of samples was established. In the intraoperatively obtained tumor tissue after 2–4 courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to the AP scheme, vascular endothelial growth factor expression was increased in 73% of the samples. At the same time, the increase of relative expression in the tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not depend on the degree of therapeutic pathomorphosis but was related to early relapse and increased level of cancer antigen-125 (CA-125). Median of relapse-free survival in vascular endothelial growth factor-positive ovarian cancer was less than 5 months.

Conclusion. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to the AP scheme increases the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the tumor tissue in advanced ovarian cancer; the degree of vascular endothelial growth factor overexpression in ovarian tumor is related to the presence of early relapse and an increase in the serum CA-125 level.
Modern optimizing techniques of surgical treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Stebnev V S , Stebnev S D , Malov I V , Malov V M , Eroshevskaya E B
Published: August 2019

Aim. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of microinvasive vitrectomy and three-dimensional digital imaging in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Methods. The clinical treatment results were studied in 62 patients (62 eyes) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy complicated by tractional retinal detachment who underwent vitreoretinal surgery with the use of microinvasive techniques and three-dimensional digital imaging. There were 38 (61%) women, 24 (39%) men, mean age 57±5.2 years. The duration of diabetes mellitus was 6 to 13 years (an average of 11.7 years). Of the 62 patients, 11 had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and 51 had non-insulin-dependent diabetes.

Results. Final anatomical result (the elimination of the zones of proliferation and adhesion of the retina) was reached in 59/62 (95.1%) of the eyes: in 54/62 (87%) eyes after the first intervention, in 8/62 eyes after additional surgical intervention. The maximum corrected visual acuity increased in 55/62 (88.7%) eyes from 0.01±0.12 to 0.22±0.11 (p <0.05); in 3/62 (4.8%) eyes remained the same; 4/62 (6.5%) eyes had visual impairment. Complications were diagnosed in 14 (22.6%) of the eyes: retinal tears (10), hemophthalmus (2), subchoroid hemorrhage (1), detachment of the choroid (1). Postoperative control of intraocular pressure demonstrated the following: 36 (58.1%) eyes had normal intraocular pressure (11–22 mm Hg), 20 (32.3%) — increased intraocular pressure (≥22 mm Hg), 6 (9.7%) — reduced intraocular pressure (≤10 mm Hg). In the postoperative period (up to 1 month after surgery) additional surgical interventions were performed on 8/62 (12.9%) eyes.

Conclusion. In patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, the use of microinvasive vitreoretinal technologies and digital imaging system provide high anatomical (95.1% of patients) and functional results (88.7% of patients).
Experimental study of the effectiveness of 6-methyl-3-(thietane-3-yl)uracil-containing eye ­ointment in the treatment of corneal thermal burns
Authors: Gabdrakhmanova A F , Meshcheryakova S A , Gaynutdinova R F , Kil’diyarov F Kh , Kurbanov S A , Khuzhamberdiev A Kh
Published: August 2019

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of wound healing eye ointment with 6-methyl-3- (thietane-3-yl) uracil in the treatment of corneal thermal burn in the experiment.

Methods. The study was conducted on 6 rabbits of the chinchilla breed. The results of treatment and histomorphological studies of the rabbits’ cornea are presented after experimental thermal burn by instillation of water with a temperature of 80–85 °C with 20-second exposure to the cornea. In the experimental group (right eyes of rabbits) the animals were treated with developed 6-methyl-3-(thietane-3-yl)uracil eye ointment, in the control group (left eyes of rabbits) 20% gel of solcoseryl was applied. Animals were observed daily for 14 days. The condition and the morphological changes of the cornea were compared on days 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 after the experimental thermal burn.

Results. The features of reparative processes after corneal thermal burn depending on used treatment were determined. The study revealed that 6-methyl-3-(thietane-3-yl)uracil improved trophics more repidly, increased cell growth and cell reproduction, stimulated the regeneration process in damaged corneal tissues, accelerated wound and burn healing, and also provided anti-inflammatory effect. Positive dynamics was registered on days 4–5 in the experimental group, and by the 7th day in the control group. With 6-methyl-3-(thietane-3-yl)uracil no toxic reactions in the form of destruction of the collagen skeleton, maceration, pronounced edema and hyperemia were observed. On day 14 of follow-up, the microscopic picture of rabbits’ cornea had the usual normal structure.

Conclusion. Treatment with 6-methyl-3-(thietane-3-yl)uracil resulted in faster and more structured and anatomically correct healing of corneal thermal burn compared to the treatment with alternative medication solcoseryl in the control group.
Endometrial cancer: modern concepts of screening
Authors: Protasova A E , Sobivchak M S , Bayramova N N , Glushakov R I , Tapil’skaya N I
Published: August 2019

Currently endometrial cancer remains a pressing issue for public health worldwide. Every year there is a steady increase in morbidity rates, which is associated with an increase in the prevalence of risk factors for the disease among which “non-steroid triad” is prevalent: obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome. Other significant risk factors for endometrial cancer include the long-term use of tamoxifen and the presence of Lynch syndrome, which makes it possible to carry out selective screening of the disease in these groups of patients. Endometrial cancer is a symptomatic disease, the main clinical manifestation of which is the bleeding from the genital tract on the background of postmenopause. In this case, with timely diagnostic measures, the disease is diagnosed in more than 80% of cases in the early stages of the tumor process, in which the results of treatment are satisfactory. However, despite years of research, questions remain about the relevance and feasibility of population and selective screening for uterine cancer, the ultimate goal of which is to reduce mortality from this disease in a population. Endometrial biopsy and ultrasound of the pelvic organs are considered as the main screening methods, however, the effectiveness of these methods as a population screening is limited. Unreasonable tests lead to overdiagnosis of the disease, invasive interventions increase the risk of the development of predictable complications. This review of the literature contains current information on factors that increase and decrease the risk of endometrial cancer and the results of scientific research on endometrial cancer screening. This information will allow the doctor to choose a rational tactic for managing each particular patient with various risk factors for endometrial cancer and to avoid unnecessary invasive interventions.
Autobiografia: a concepção lejeuniana e a dialética das formas
Authors: Da Rosa Guilherme Fernandes
Published: August 2019

A teoria sobre a autobiografia escrita por Philippe Lejeune nos anos 70 é, ainda hoje, uma das principais referências para o estudo desta forma literária. A partir da teoria do pacto autobiográfico proposta pelo crítico francês, este ensaio busca revisitar alguns dos seus pressupostos, especialmente aqueles que dizem respeito ao narrador e à relação entre o autor e o leitor. Tomando em consideração os aspectos sociais e históricos que influenciam diretamente as formas literárias e que as põem em contato, o objetivo do presente estudo é de refletir sobre os possíveis desdobramentos de uma teoria da autobiografia que considerasse as relações dialéticas que as formas literárias estabelecem entre si dentro do campo literário.
Em busca de uma literatura do contemporâneo: Um breve olhar sobre a contemporaneidade do poema “Ode triunfal”, de Fernando pessoa
Authors: Lima Jefferson De Morais
Published: August 2019

Este artigo analisa a ideia de contemporaneidade apresentada por Giorgio Agamben, observando suas características. Propõe uma aproximação entre Filosofia e Literatura e, com base em textos de Walter Benjamin — que exerceu forte influência sobre o pensamento do filósofo italiano —, busca unir o anjo da história ao indivíduo contemporâneo. Com apoio teórico em Theodor Adorno, reflete sobre os prováveis traços de uma literatura do contemporâneo — uma arte literária que dialogue com a ideia inicialmente apresentada. Finalmente, estabelecendo um recorte histórico com base no tema abordado, verifica a existência desses prováveis traços na poesia de Fernando Pessoa, mais especificamente nos versos do poema Ode Triunfal, assinado pelo heterônimo Álvaro de Campos.
Vozes de mulheres da antiguidade: traduções de discursos de grandes personagens femininas do drama clássica
Authors: Pelluci Duarte Mortoza Marina
Published: August 2019

O artigo em questão é uma coleção de traduções de textos de monólogos de grandes personagens femininas da tragediografia clássica. Há gregas, romanas e francesas nesse grupo, todas com um mote comum: o sofrimento causado por agentes externos, que se tornou tão agudo e pungente que não pode mais ser contido e acaba por ser extravasado em forma de discurso. São falas de sofrimento, mas carregadas de esperança, características intrinsecamente femininas, como demonstrarão as mulheres cujas vozes estão registradas nessa coletânea. Todos os textos foram traduzidos diretamente de seus originais gregos, latinos e franceses.
Viagem-travessia: espaços de trânsito nas narrativas de Corpo de baile
Authors: Cruz Edinilia Nascimento
Published: August 2019

Em Corpo de baile (1956), de Guimarães Rosa, a viagem é marcada por diferentes significados que tanto evidenciam o deslocamento pelos caminhos do sertão como para o interior do homem. O ato de viajar representa sentidos que vão além do deslocamento físico, produz paisagens reais e simbólicas. Para refletir sobre a viagem-travessia, propomos uma leitura conjunta das novelas “Campo geral”, “Uma estória de amor”, “Cara de Bronze” e “Buriti”, tendo como foco os protagonistas de cada novela, que aparecem em permanente trânsito. Nessa perspectiva, a temática dos viajantes e a leitura dos espaços em trânsito propiciam importante ponto de reflexão sobre os diferentes ciclos de vida das personagens.
Apocalipse, distopia e utopia em Oryx e Crake, de Margaret Atwood
Authors: Fortunato Pedro , Cavalcanti Ildney
Published: August 2019

Neste artigo analisamos o romance Oryx e Crake (2003), da escritora canadense Margaret Atwood para demonstrar as relações entre apocalipse, distopia e utopia nesta obra. Utilizando como aporte teórico os estudos críticos da utopia e da distopia (CLAEYS, 2013, 2017; KUMAR, 2013; MOYLAN, 1986, 2003) e, também, a teorização de Elizabeth K. Rosen (2008) sobre o apocalipse em narrativas não religiosas da literatura contemporânea, argumentamos que Atwood consegue substituir o agente divino presente nos apocalipses religiosos por um agente humano, uma das personagens do romance, o cientista Crake, preservando, ainda assim, os temas mais básicos desse tipo de narrativa, que são o julgamento, a destruição e a renovação. Além disso, demonstramos como esse apocalipse gera na obra um cenário pós-apocalíptico em que utopia e distopia se entrelaçam através do contraste entre a personagem protagonista do romance e os seres humanoides criados pelo cientista Crake para substituir a humanidade dizimada.
La voz política en el DRAE
Authors: Rebollo Torío Miguel Ángel
Published: August 2019

Este artículo analiza la evolución del término política y su "familia" en el diccionario académico, desde 1737 hasta la última edición de 2001. El objetivo es estudiar las variaciones del significado, acordes con los cambios sociales, y la aparición de nuevas voces. Cabe destacar el tratamiento tan especial que tienen las palabras en etapas sociopolíticas dictatoriales, pues los redactores académicos no dejan de reflejar la época en la que viven.
Identification and preliminary characterization of early fruiting mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa – Apocynaceae)
Authors: Cruz Silva Ana Veruska , Sirqueira Nascimento Ana Letícia , Ribeiro Soares Adrielle Naiana , Carregosa Rabbani Allivia Rouse , Silva Júnior Josué Francisco , Ledo Ana Silva
Published: August 2019

The mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa G.) is a native Brazilian species in the process of domestication. It has several potential uses. In recent years the populations of mangabeira have become fragmented and, to conserve their genetic resources, Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros has, since 2006, maintained a Mangaba
Genebank, which currently has 299 individuals distributed across 27 accessions. In one of these accessions (CP), first fruiting was observed to occur at 13 months, indicating precocity. The current project was developed with the intention of morphologically characterizing the CP accessions and evaluating the extent of genetic diversity between genotypes, based on genetic markers associated with fruiting precocity. Morphological variation in crown and leaf shape, growth habit, total height, stem diameter and canopy height were investigated. For molecular characterization, 18 CP accession genotypes were used, all from Sergipe State, Brazil, and 11 ISSR markers were studied that generated 62 fragments with 91.4% polymorphism. The fruits have physical and chemical characteristics suitable for in natura consumption and also for processing. UPGMA dendrogram analysis showed the genotypes CP2 and CP6 to be most similar and CP10 the most divergent within the CP accessions. The results showed the existence of polymorphism, and genetic divergence among genotypes, thus reinforcing the importance of constant germplasm characterization, which guarantees information on gene sources for future use, while providing information concerning potential parents that can be used in breeding programs as well as the identification of duplicates.
The Nation and the Church: What the Church can Learn from the Nation of Islam Today
Authors: Halstead Tyler
Published: August 2019

This article takes an ethnographic approach to examining the present day Nation of Islam (NOI) and the implications of its history and sustained efficacy for the Church. Research centers around several devout members of the NOI living on Chicago's south side. Themes discussed in the article focus on concepts of African American identity, ultimate truth, divine judgment, and self-pride, all of which serve the purpose of elevating group and individual self-confidence and independence. In light of the rise to prominence of the NOI and its message, as well as its continued viability long after its founders have passed away, implications for the Church and its relationship with African Americans are explored and suggestions are made for the Church moving forward.
Postanowienia umowy kredytu indeksowanego do waluty obcej lub denominowanego w walucie obcej – studium problemu
Authors: Kobylski Piotr
Published: August 2019

Celem artykułu jest zdefiniowanie niedozwolonego postanowienia umownego na przykładzie umowy o kredyt indeksowany lub denominowanego do waluty innej niż waluta polska. Klauzula niedozwolona to możliwość uniknięcia skrajnie niekorzystnych warunków w zawartych umowach. W opracowaniu przedstawiono sytuację kredytobiorców, którzy zaciągnęli kredyt indeksowany do waluty obcej lub denominowany w walucie obcej. Analizę przeprowadzono w oparciu o rzeczywiste niedozwolone postanowienia umowne. Artykuł kończą wnioski dotyczące zasadności roszczeń kredytobiorców.
Jeszcze o tajemnicy adwokackiej z perspektywy przepisów art. 178 pkt 1 oraz art. 180 § 2 k.p.k. Uwagi polemiczne
Authors: Sowiński Piotr K.
Published: August 2019

W tekście przedstawiono problematykę dotyczącą ochrony tajemnicy adwokackiej i obrończej w procesie karnym. Wskazano na zakres przedmiotowy obu tych tajemnic oraz środki służące ich ochronie. Tekst zawiera krytyczne uwagi w stosunku do artykułu P. Krzyżanowskiego „Zakres ochrony tajemnicy adwokackiej w postępowaniu karnym – zagadnienia wybrane”.
Personalny wymiar wybranych duchowych obowiązków zakonników
Authors: Wróbel Paweł
Published: August 2019

Ustawodawca w Kodeksie Prawa Kanonicznego z 1983 r. w czwartym rozdziale księgi drugiej zawarł obowiązki, które obligują zakonników do podejmowania konkretnych działań zarówno w zakresie zewnętrznym, jak i wewnętrznym. Pośród tych z zakresu życia duchowego zakonnika można wyróżnić te, których analiza została podjęta w niniejszym artykule, a więc: kontemplacja i modlitwa, zwracanie myśli ku Bogu i codzienny rachunek sumienia, praktyka corocznego świętego skupienia oraz ukazanie roli Maryi jako wzoru życia osobistego członka instytutu zakonnego. Artykuł zwraca uwagę Czytelnika na fakt, że ustawodawcy kodeksowemu bardzo mocno zależy na tym aspekcie życia zakonnego, ponieważ omówione kwestie znajdują się w początkowych kanonach rozdziału o prawach i obowiązkach zakonników. Ponadto zwrócenie uwagi na te aspekty życia zakonnego także w innych dokumentach Kościoła świadczy o ich randze. Poznanie myśli prawodawcy w tym względzie z pewnością pozwoli na jeszcze lepszą realizację zadań realizowanych przez zakonników, które wynikają z ich życia duchowego.
Dextrose Hydration May Promote Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Gender-related Difference
Authors: Karimi Farzaneh , Kasaei Sayyedehnikta , Baradaran Azar , Ashrafi Farzaneh , Talebi Ardeshir , Lak Zahra , Nematbakhsh Mehdi
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUNDS: Cisplatin (CP) as an anticancer drug may affect the plasma glucose level while diabetic subjects are protected against CP-induced nephrotoxicity. In the current study, the role of dextrose hydration during CP therapy on CP-induced nephrotoxicity was evaluated.METHODS: Sixty-nine male and female rats were divided into 12 groups. The rats were hydrated with 15 mL/kg vehicle or different doses of 2%, 10% and 20% dextrose before and after 7.5 mg/kg CP administration. One week later, the biochemical and kidney function markers, and histology finding were determined.RESULTS: All the animals co-treated with CP and 20% dextrose, were dead during one week of the experiment. Administration of CP alone increased kidney tissue damage score (KTDS) and kidney weight (KW). It also elevated the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and BUN-creatineine ratio (BUN/Cr) levels in the serum. In addition, CP decreased body weight and creatinine (Cr) clearance (ClCr) significantly in both male and female rats (p<0.05). However, 2% and 10% dextrose did not alter the mentioned parameters in male, but 10% dextrose supplement increased the serum levels of BUN, Cr and BUN/Cr ratio, KW and KTDS significantly in female rats (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that not only do not support the nephro-protective role of dextrose hydration during CP therapy, the dextrose hydration can act as risk factor to promote CP-induced nephrotoxicity in female rats. Prohibition of high carbohydrate (glucose) diet during CP therapy is recommended.KEYWORDS: cisplatin, nephrotoxicity, dextrose, rat, gender
Severe Hyperthermia Induces Apoptosis Mediated by Caspases Activation and Suppression of Hsp90-alpha Expression in Osteosarcoma Cells
Authors: Nashiry Mohammed Ali , Froemming Gabriele Ruth Anisah , Keong Yeap Swee , Ismail Aletza Binti Mohd , Din Aisha Mohd , Al-Khateeb Alyaa Mahmood
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: Hyperthermia is used as an adjuvant treatment to sensitize cancer cells to subsequent radiotheraphy or chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to study the effect of severe hyperthermia on osteosarcoma cells and its underlying causes.METHODS: Short-term (1 h) severe hyperthermia (45°C) was applied to osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) and the heat shock response and cell death mechanisms were investigated after recovery at 37°C for 72 h.RESULTS: Cell viability was significantly reduced (p<0.05) and apoptosis was significantly induced by severe hyperthermia in MG-63 cells (p<0.001). Caspase 3/7, 4 and 12 activities were significantly increased after 72 h of recovery at 37°C, indicating that severe hyperthermia induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis (p<0.05). Heat shock protein 90 alpha (Hsp90α) was significantly down regulated at the protein level after recovery, in association with apoptosis induction (p<0.01). Additionally, caspase 8 and 9 were activated, possibly as a result of ER stress or other stimuli while, B-cell leukemia 2 family protein (BCL-2) mRNA was down regulated (p<0.01).CONCLUSION: Severe hyperthermia could cause prolonged cell cytotoxicity by inducing apoptosis in association with inhibition of Hsp90α. This indicates the therapeutic potential of severe hyperthermia for the treatment of osteosarcoma.KEYWORDS: hyperthermia, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum, stress, heat shock proteins, osteosarcoma
Columban simulation project: Quando computadores foram substituídos por pombos
Authors: Neves Filho Hernando Borges
Published: August 2019

Durante a década de 1980, Skinner e colegas publicaram uma série de pesquisas empíricas que trataram de temas como comunicação simbólica, uso de ferramentas, “Insight”, auto-reconhecimento e outros temas típicos de pesquisas de viés cognitivo. Tais pesquisas estavam vinculadas ao chamado Columban Simulation Project, que foi um projeto desenvolvido nos últimos anos de Skinner em Harvard, e tinha como objetivo central recriar em pombos fenômenos tradicionalmente tratados como complexos, observados em chimpanzés e humanos. Adicionalmente, o projeto também tinha o intuito de debater o papel de simulações de comportamento, no caso, comparando simulações de comportamentos em pombos com simulações de computador. O presente ensaio faz um apanhado de todos os principais trabalhos do Columban Simulation Project, discutindo e relacionando seus experimentos com pesquisas atuais, ao mesmo tempo em que trata também de algumas de suas críticas e legados. Conclui-se que o projeto chamou razoável atenção da comunidade científica, dentro e fora da Análise do Comportamento, assim como consolidou uma linha de pesquisa ativa sobre as origens operantes de comportamentos tradicionalmente chamados de “Insight”, e ao mesmo tempo serviu como uma ponte de aproximação da Análise do Comportamento com algumas vertentes atuais das ciências cognitivas e desenvolvimento de inteligências artificiais.

During the decade of 1980, Skinner and colleagues published a series of empirical research regarding themes such as symbolic communication, tool use, insight, self-awareness, and other popular themes of cognitive research. These papers were part of the so called Columban Simulation Project, an endeavor took by Skinner in his last years at Harvard, that aimed to recreate complex phenomena, easily observed in chimpanzees and humans, in pigeons. The project also had the objective to discuss the role of simulation research in Psychology experiments. The present essay offers a comprehensive description and discussion, in Portuguese, of all major papers related to the project. Implications of these papers to modern research in behavior analysis, cognitive science and computer science are discussed, among examples of some critics aimed to the project and also its lasting legacy to psychological research. It is concluded that the project had a reasonable impact in the scientific community at large, established a line of investigation of the operant determinants of problem solving performances, and that it also brought together discussions and data from research in behavior analysis, cognitive science and artificial intelligence.
Efeitos de instrução e presença de selo na escolha entre produtos sustentáveis e não sustentáveis
Authors: Pedroso Reginaldo , Coelho Cristiano
Published: August 2019

O presente estudo visou comparar o efeito de instruções e presença do selo de certificação ambiental sobre escolhas entre produtos com e sem sinalização de produção sustentável em dois experimentos: 1) preço de diferentes produtos (lâmpada, amaciante, papel sulfite e cama) com selos ambientais relativamente a produtos sem selo ambiental, com e sem instrução pró-ambiental, com 24 universitários; 2) diversas marcas de um mesmo produto (amaciante), com e sem selo ambiental, visando estimar se o preço relativo variaria em função do nível de conhecimento, qualidade e sustentabilidade, com 12 universitários. A tarefa em ambos os experimentos era escolher um produto entre cada par em escolhas sucessivas. No Experimento 1, os dados demonstraram que apenas para lâmpada os preços subjetivos relativos com as duas instruções foram maiores para o produto sustentável. No Experimento 2, observou-se que quanto maior o nível de conhecimento e qualidade menor o preço relativo ao produto não sustentável. A ausência de relação entre preço relativo e sustentabilidade mostra que o selo teve baixa propriedade discriminativa. Uma das possibilidades de intervir para aumentar os comportamentos pró-ambientais envolve um conjunto de contingências para o indivíduo e para as empresas que produzem.
Relato de Experiência de Monitoria de Análise Experimental do Comportamento: protocolo alternativo de aulas práticas.
Authors: Gotti Eduardo Sousa , De Oliveira Elimar Adriana , Neto Djalma Araújo Guimarães , Da Cunha Cristine Daher Sallum , Formaji Larissa da Costa
Published: August 2019

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar as atividades de monitoria da disciplina de Análise Experimental do Comportamento do curso de Psicologia, da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), destacando sobre os desafios e implicações da monitoria na construção de repertórios comportamentais para o ensino da Análise Experimental do Comportamento. O programa de monitoria é uma ferramenta adotada por instituições de ensino superior com objetivos diversos, de acordo com cada regulamento de monitoria de cada instituição. A Análise Experimental do Comportamento tem sido vista como uma ramificação da Análise do Comportamento, com pressupostos teóricos no Behaviorismo Radical, filosofia esta que atribui a causalidade do comportamento às interações no ambiente.
Submission of Marital Dispensation for Religious Courts in Central Java: Study of Minimum Pair Age Standards Along With Judge's Attitudes and Wisdomes
Authors: Mustofa Kholifatun Nur
Published: August 2019

This paper examines the minimum age limit for filing a marital dispensation focused on the Central Java Religious Courts. This paper examines the judge's policy in the marital dispensation in religious courts in Central Java regarding the marital age limit by using anthropology approach. by reviewing the judges' decisions in the marital dispensation cases focusing on the tendency of the brides' ages to see the minimum age to have marital dispensation in each region. The research shows that the lowest age to file a marital dispensation in Central Java is 12 years 9 months for female, and 15 years 10 months for male. The majority of judges do not consider the age of the parties, but rather the reasons and conditions of the party submitting.Artikel ini membahas batas usia minimum untuk mengajukan dispensasi perkawinan yang berfokus pada Pengadilan Agama Jawa Tengah. Makalah ini membahas kebijakan hakim dalam dispensasi perkawinan di pengadilan agama di Jawa Tengah mengenai batas usia perkawinan dengan menggunakan pendekatan antropologi. dengan meninjau keputusan hakim dalam kasus dispensasi perkawinan yang berfokus pada kecenderungan usia pengantin untuk melihat usia minimum untuk memiliki dispensasi perkawinan di setiap wilayah. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usia terendah untuk mengajukan dispensasi perkawinan di Jawa Tengah adalah 12 tahun 9 bulan untuk perempuan, dan 15 tahun 10 bulan untuk laki-laki. Mayoritas hakim tidak mempertimbangkan usia partai, melainkan alasan dan kondisi dari partai yang mengajukan.
Editorial
Authors: Becerra Mayorga Witton
Published: August 2019

Editorial
UN BREVE SGUARDO SULLA LETTERATURA DEGLI ITALIANI D’ISTRIA DELL’ESODO
Authors: Eccher Christian Gianfrancov
Published: August 2019

In questo lavoro analizzeremo la produzione letteraria degli autori italiani che lasciarono l’Istria a seguito dell’esodo successivo alla fine della Seconda Guerra Mondiale. Prenderemo in considerazione le opere degli scrittori che hanno trascorso la propria infanzia fra la penisola istriana e il Quarnero, quando questi erano ancora territori italiani. Tracceremo anche un breve paragone con la letteratura degli italiani che invece restarono in Istria. Mentre quella dei cosidetti “rimasti” è una letteratura del dialogo con il diverso e costituisce un tentativo di riconciliazione non solo con gli slavi del sud, ma anche con la Storia, quella degli scrittori che “optarono”, che scelsero cioè la via dell’esilio, è un’arte in cui spesso dominano il nazionalismo e lo sciovinismo. Analizzeremo però anche i casi di romanzieri e poeti che, dall’esilio italiano, scelsero comunque di dialogare sia con i connazionali rimasti, sia con gli jugoslavi.
PLUSKVAMPERFEKAT U SRPSKOM PREVODU ROMANA SORSTALANSÁG IMREA KERTESA
Authors: Звекић-Душановић Душанка С.
Published: August 2019

U radu se analizira upotreba pluskvamperfekta u Tišminom prevodu romana Sorstalanság Imrea Kertesa. Iako u mađarskom jeziku ne postoji glagolski oblik koji je formalni ekvivalent srpskom pluskvamperfektu, u prevodu se ovaj glagolski oblik pojavljuje s relativno visokom učestalošću. U radu se ukazuje na one elemente originalnog teksta koji pogoduju upotrebi pluskvamperfekta u prevodu i analizira kontekst u kojem se on realizuje.
THE AFFECTIVE-MOTIVATIONAL PROFILE OF A GIFTED L2 ENGLISH STUDENT
Authors: Ilić Nina D.
Published: August 2019

The paper examines a variety of affective-motivational characteristics of two talented foreign language learners. The purpose of the case study is to present an affective-motivational profile of a gifted L2 English teenage student. The EPI (Emotions Profile Index) test for testing personality and the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory test for testing motivation were used as instruments. The study has revealed that two different profiles of gifted students can be distinguished: artistic and scientific. As far as their motivation is concerned, the results have shown that gifted students can be both intrinsically and extrinsically oriented. The conclusion is that different emotional and motivational characteristics of talented students need to be taken into account in order to create an effective curriculum. Further investigation in the field is required, so as to confirm these results.
Pandangan Tokoh Agama Di Karesidenan Cirebon Dalam Memandang Pluralitas Beragama
Authors: Umam Khaerul , Ghazali Abdul Muiz
Published: August 2019

Agama sering kali menampilkan dua wajah yang saling berlawanan. Di satu sisi agama merupakan jalan bagi seseorang untuk menemukan kebahagiaan, namun tidak jarang pula, agama menjadi sumbu pemicu konflik dan kekerasan yang disebabkan karena perbedaan pandangan. Meski mengakui bahwa pluralitas merupakan sunatullah, namun tidak demikian dengan pluralitas dalam beragama, karena agama berkait erat dengan keyakinan dan klaim kebenaran. Penelitian ini berupaya mendeskripsikan pandangan tokoh agama se karesidenan Cirebon yang mencakup wilayah Kabupaten Cirebon, Kota Cirebon, Kabupateb Majalengkandan Kabupaten Indramayu, dalam memandang Pluralitas Beragama di masyarakat dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus, dimana fenomena yang sedang diteliti merupakan fenomena aktual pada saat penelitian ini dilakukan. Penelitian ini menemukan adanya sebuah pola yang tidak linier antara yang diungkapkan secara personal dengan apa yang ditampilkan di ruang publik terkait pandangan tokoh agama terhadap pluralitas agama dan keberagamaan di masyarakat. Dalam hal ini terdapat dua kelompok yang berbeda. Pertama yang memandang pluralisme sebagai sebuah keniscayaan, namun tetap memandang yang berbeda, sebagai yang perlu diluruskan. Kedua, yang memandang pluralisme sebagai sebuah keniscayaan dan menghargai setiap perbedaan, serta meyakini adanya kemungkinan kebenaran lain dalam keyakinan kelompok agama atau aliran yang berbeda. (Religious somehow reflects two contradictory faces. In one side, religion is a way to find happiness while in another side it becomes the trigger of conflict and violence when it is placed wrongly. Although we know that pluralism is Sunnatullah, but it is different with pluralism in religion. It is because religion is closely related to beliefs and truth claim. The researcher tries to describe the scholars of Cirebon’s Residency’s point of view about religion pluralism in society in Cirebon itself, Cirebon’s district, Majalengka district, and Indramayu district. This research is a study case research where phenomenon researched is the actual phenomenon. This research found that there is an un-linier patterns between what is being revealed personally to what is shown in the public about the scholars’ point of view to religion pluralism and social diversity. There are two different groups. The first one, they think pluralism is as a necessity but they still think that the difference must be changed and corrected. The second group sees pluralism as a necessity, they appreciate every differences and belief that there must be another truth in another different religions and schools.)
Gerakan Madrasah Adiwiyata di Madura; Telaah Konsep Peduli Lingkungan dalam Islam
Authors: Holis Mohammad
Published: August 2019

Manusia memberi pengaruh terhadap lingkungan yang lebih aktif, sedangkan lingkungan pasif memberi keuntungan terhadap manusia. Ada dua golongan pandangan manusia yang dapat membedakan terhadap lingkungan, yakni pandangan imanen (holistik) dan pandangan transenden. Masalah lingkungan adalah juga masalah moral manusia, atau persoalan prilaku manusia. Kerusakan bukan masalah teknis tetapi krisis lingkungan atau krisis moral manusia. Untuk mengatasinya, salah satu langkah yang bisa dilakukan dengan cara merubah cara pandang dan perilaku manusia terhadap alam secara mendasar melalui pengembangan etika lingkungan. Pendidikan lingkungan, merupakan pemberian wawasan keterampilan dalam pengelolaan lingkungan dimana sejak dini sudah diajarkan bagamana peduli terhadap lingkungan, memelihara bumi, mengelola sampah, memanfaatkan sumber daya alam dengan hemat. Madrasah sebagai institusi yang memiliki wewenang untuk pendidik, membimbing, membina dan membiasakan dalam pembelajaran termasuk masalah lingkungan hidup. Penelitian ini merupakan studi lapangan. Penelitian ini menkaji konsep Peduli Lingkungan dalam Islam yang dilakukan melalui Gerakan Adiwiyata dalam madrasah Penyelenggaraan program madrasah adiwiyata atau program madrasah peduli dan berbudaya lingkungan setiap orang berhak dan berperan dalam pengelolaan lingkungan. Adiwiyata bukanlah sebuah lomba, melainkan lebih pada membentukkan karakter atau perilaku yang peduli dan berbudaya lingkungn secara berkelanjutan melalui lembaga pendidikan termasuk madrasah.(Human beings influence the environment more actively than the environment can do. There are two points of view that human beings have about environment; they are imanen point of view (Holistic) and transcendence point of view. Environment problem actually is a human values problem or human’s attitude problems. The environmental damage is not a technical problem but an environmental problem or human’s moral crisis. Change the human’s point of view and their attitude toward their environment are ways to solve the problem. Environment education is giving the skill on knowledge of environmental management to students where it is needed to taught early, how to take care of environment, to save the earth, to manage the rubbish, to make use of natural resources safely. Madrasah is as an institution with the authority to teach, to guide and to make the students get used to care to the environment’s problem. This study is a field research, which are analyzing the concept of environmental care in Islam by Adiwiyata program in Madrasah and the implementation of Madrasah Adiwiyata or madrasah care of environment and have environmental culture.  Everyone has the right and the role in managing the Adiwiyata environment. Adiwiyata is not a competition; it is more to character building or the caring attitude and having the environmental culture continuously through the education institution including Madrasah.)
أهمية النحوى والصرف فى تكوين مهارة اللغة العربية
Authors: - Delami
Published: August 2019

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Analyzing Science Test Items and Higher Order Thinking Skills of Fifth Graders
Authors: . Mardi
Published: August 2019

Indonesian students got low achievement in many international studies of evaluation, such as in Trend in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS). It is because they unfamiliar with higher order thinking skill questions. Generally, assessment in Indonesia contains less of higher order thinking questions and do not fit with the international standard of evaluation. The purposes of this study were to identify the test items of Test of Standarisasi Hasil Belajar (SHB) and to examine the capability of students of fifth grade to answer higher order thinking skills (HOTS) questions. The method uses was mix method (qualitative and quantitative). Test Standarisasi Hasil Belajar (SHB) Year 2017/2018 of Banyuwangi Regency for fifth grade was used. Twenty-seven fifth graders were participated in paper test. The result showed that the test contains of cognitive domain of knowing, applying, and reasoning of 48.9%, 40% and 11.1%, respectively. The test of capability of students to answer HOTS questions revealed low achievement of 80% and high achievement of 5%. In summary, the reasoning domain of the test should be more developed to encourage students’ capability in answering HOTS questions.

Keywords: science test items, TIMSS, HOTS, fifth grade.