bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concept of functional dentition and impact on the quality of life of partially edentulous patients
Authors:   acultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello. Santiago, Chile. Facultad de Odontología, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile., Fernández Enrique , Olmedo Luis ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello. Santiago, Chile., Jaramillo Patricio ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello. Santiago, Chile, Nakouzi Jorge ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello. Santiago, Chile., Vildósola Patricio ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello. Santiago, Chile.
Published: February 2023

Main Objective: To compare, through the OHIP-7Sp, the impact on the quality of life of partially edentulous patients, according to WHO criteria “with functional dentition”, 21 or more teeth and “without functional dentition”, less than 21 teeth. Material and Methods: 97 partially edentulous patients were selected between 35 and 75 years old, ASA I or II with ≤ 28 teeth remaining. Were divided in two groups, non-functional dentition (NFD) n=47 and functional dentition (FD) n=50. OHIP-7Sp survey was applied to each patient to measure the impact on quality of life in the seven dimensions considered in this survey. The scale of measurement ranges from 0 to 4, in which 0 is "never" and 4 "always", with a maximum value of 28, considering the instrument in its entirety. Highest score indicates a greater impact on quality of life. For comparison of both groups, the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test was used with a level of 95% significance. Results: Concerning all patients evaluated through the OHIP-7Sp, the mean age was 53 years. There were significant differences in the total OHIP-7Sp score, with a mean and median for the NFD group of 9.53 and 9 and for the FD group 5.02 and 5, respectively. Disaggregating the analysis, significant differences emerged in dimensions 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was a significantly greater impact on the quality of life, measured with the OHIP-7Sp, in the NFD group compared to the FD group.
Healthy or diseased mouth? Repre-sentations of oral health in vulnerable populations
Authors:   Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Chile., Davis-Toledo Giselle
Published: February 2023

Background: The society and the State must provide dental care and help prevent oral health problems by implementing public policies with cultural relevance that allow society to address and improve the inequity in health care that systematically affects people's well-being. The present study seeks to understand the representations of dental health in people who attend primary care services in vulnerable urban and rural areas of the central zone of Chile. Specifically, the representations of the causes, morbidities, and symptoms attributed to the healthy and diseased mouth. Material and Methods: A qualitative study based on the Grounded Theory was conducted, analyzing the social representations of oral health in a sample of 161 adult people receiving treatment at public primary care services and dental emergency units in rural and urban communes. Empirical saturation and triangulation by time, place, and subjects give reliability to the study. Results: The data obtained show that dental health is mainly valued for its implications for self-esteem and social integration. A naturalization of dental health problems is evidenced as an adaptive strategy to traditional access barriers, which is counterproductive with preventive strategies. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest the need to reinforce education in dental health implemented in a transversal manner, having aesthetic values and the population's expectations of sociability as the key to action.
Assessment of Emergency Medical Services Personnel Compliance with Escalating Airway Algorithm Protocol
Authors: Duncan Leah , Falahat Michael , Hartpence Connor , Ruddle Deryk , Ofei-Dodoo Samuel
Published: February 2023

Introduction. When emergency medical service (EMS) personnel respond to emergencies, the decisions they make can often mean life or death for the patient. This is especially true in the case of advanced airway management. Protocols are set in place to ensure that the least invasive airway management techniques are used initially before more invasive techniques. The purpose of this study was to determine how often EMS personnel followed this protocol, while adequately achieving the goals of appropriate oxygenation and ventilation.

Methods. This retrospective chart review was approved by the Institutional Review Board of The University of Kansas Medical Center. The authors reviewed the Wichita/Sedgewick County EMS system for cases in which patients required airway support. We examined de-identified data to determine if invasive methods were applied in sequence. Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ) and immersion-crystallization approach were used to analyze the data.

Results. A total of 279 cases were identified in which EMS personnel used advanced airway management techniques. In 90% (n = 251) of cases, less invasive techniques were not used prior to more invasive techniques and in 80% (n = 222) of cases, the more invasive technique was used alone. A dirty airway was the most common reason for the EMS choice using more invasive approaches in achieving the goals of appropriate oxygenation and ventilation.

Conclusions. Our data showed that EMS personnel in Sedgwick County/Wichita, Kansas often deviate from the advanced airway management protocols when caring for patients in need of respiratory intervention. Dirty airway was found to be the main reason for using a more invasive approach in achieving the goals of appropriate oxygenation and ventilation. It is important to fully understand reasons why deviations in protocol are occurring to ensure that current protocols, documentation, and training practices are effective in producing the best possible patient outcomes.
Literary and dialect variants of the lexical-semantic field of “vred” (harm): comparative aspect
Authors:   Dalian University of Foreign Languages, Liu Yanchun
Published: February 2023

This paper compares the semantic structure and motivational characteristics of the lexical-semantic field of “vred” (harm) in the literary and dialectal Russian language. The analysis has shown the similarity of the conceptual basis for dividing the field into subfields in the literary language and dialects (“harm to the health of the subject,” “harm to the material condition of the subject,” “harm to the life of the subject and society (in general)”). The comparison of fields in terms of motivation revealed eight motivational models with different lexical representations in the literary language and dialects: three are widely represented in the Russian literary language and dialects, while five are much less productive. Absolute superiority in the quantitative realization of dialects compared with the literary language is observed in the motivational model “vred / vrednyy / vredit’” (harm / harmful / to harm), “a magical action, when the evil eye brings the subject into a painful, unnatural state,” indicating the traces of the pagan (in the form of superstition) worldview of traditional culture bearers. Combining the synchronic approach analysis with the diachronic one allowed revealing the historical depth of the formation of the concept “harm” and definite stability in its modeling since the Proto-Slavonic period. With the historical variation of the conceptual basis for the division of the field into subfields in the literary language and dialects, the similarity identified indicates the general structure of the fragment in question of the linguistic picture of the world in the national consciousness.
Conversation analysis approach to the study of speech failures (based on an interview with the First President of Russian Federation B. N. Yeltsin)
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Pantykina Marina I.
Published: February 2023

The paper approaches the problem of determining the communicative-linguistic significance of speech failures and discusses related theoretical and methodological issues. The relevance is due to opposing approaches in this area and practically complete cessation of research following the decline in scientific interest in these linguistic phenomena. For the first time, conversation analysis is used to study the problems considered. The interview with the first President of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin, is taken as empirical material. The cognitive capabilities of conversation analysis and its general methodological principles are identified, explaining how the latter allow disclosing the specifics of conversation structure and determining the rules of organizing the exchange of replicas. The basic technology of conversion analysis - transcribing - is introduced. The author analyzes repetitions, pauses, hesitations, clippings of phrases, and expressive intonation selections caused by internal problems of planning and articulation of the speech plan. The conversation analysis of the interview fragments showed how speech disruptions enter into the formation of one of the local contexts - the topic of political confrontation between Yeltsin and Gorbachev. As a result, a conclusion is made that speech failures cannot be considered to be solely speech drawbacks, as they implicitly indicate the goals of communication, are included in the process of forming the structure of the conversation, express the communicative competencies and cognitive attitudes of its participants. Also, further findings concern the possibility of integrating the methodology of conversation analysis with lexical-semantic analysis.
Sight and hearing in the artistic world of S. D. Krzhizhanovsky
Authors:   Altai State University, Manskov Alexey A.
Published: February 2023

The artistic consciousness of S. D. Krzhizhanovsky is characterized by creating unique mythology, with significant places occupied by sensory perception of reality: visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, taste. Visual and auditory perceptions dominate due to their functionality: a person receives the information mainly through sight and hearing. The appeal to audiovisual themes in “Tales for prodigies” is determined by author’s biographical code (poor eyesight, lifelong passion for music) and the cultural context. The literature of the first third of the 20th century is rich in images associated with vision and hearing. On the one hand, Krzhizhanovsky follows the traditions of the “Silver Age”. On the other hand, his works feature common motifs of the works of contemporary writers. The similarity of motifs can be explained by the general spirit of the eve of world wars and revolutions. Sight and hearing become sacralized instruments of spiritual cognition. Sacralization of the senses is carried out through the interaction of auditory and visual codes with death. Death is the main semantic category in Krzhizhanovsky’s short stories and novels. Through the special sensory system, his characters manage to overcome the borders of the familiar world and perceive phenomena hidden from the ordinary eye, realizing the eschatological nature of the world and its apocalyptic nature. A new vision is like physical death to them because they can no longer perceive the world as before. Meanwhile, the world moves steadily toward destruction, with a new resurrection to life being absolutely impossible.
Infantile discourse in the prose of Dmitri Gorchev
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technology and Design, Boeva Galina N.
Published: February 2023

The work of Dmitri Gorchev is regarded as a phenomenon genetically related to “electronic literature.” This paper deals with his two books: Zhizn’ bez Karlo: Muzyka dlya ekzal’tirovannykh startsev (Life without Carlo: Music for exalted elders) (2010) and Ya ne lyublyu Pushkina: Iz Zhivogo Zhurnala (I don’t love Pushkin: From the LiveJournal) (2013), both based on the author’s blog in the Live Journal. Both books reveal a plot unity, defined by an infantile worldview of an autobiographical hero, whose reception is indistinguishable from the author’s. The central image of the first book, Pinocchio, becomes the embodiment of freedom and childhood for the author. The image of Pushkin in the second book is associated with the adult world. The Soviet childhood evokes ambivalent feelings in the protagonist: nostalgia and traumatic experience. The unity and artistic originality of Gorchev’s books are ensured by the childish, infantile view of the world of the autobiographical protagonist and his life-creating strategies of escapism, as well as by the density of the allusive layer dating back to the children’s reading and animation. The childish, naive view of the author defines his poetics that is close to primitivism. Nowadays, the Internet has become a breeding ground for the emerging phenomena of primitive art, combining folklore/mythological images with the images of mass culture and high culture. The images of Pinocchio and other characters of children’s books and cartoons used by Gorchev have become archetypes of the new mythology of the “mass” / post-Soviet person.
Gender-specific vocabulary: lexicographic tradition and dynamic processes in modern Russian language
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Bulygina Elena Yu. , Tripolskaya Tatiana A. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: February 2023

The paper is devoted to the semantic-pragmatic study of gender-marked vocabulary, in particular, emotional and evaluative nouns of common gender usually considered in grammatical and semantic-stylistic aspects. There is a large group of words in the dictionaries belonging as they do to the common gender. However, numerous cases are not so obvious (dushechka (darling), p’yanitsa (drunkard), glupyshka (silly), skvalyga (rogue), etc.). The meaning of such characteristics of a person is heterogeneous: it includes denotative and connotative (pragmatic) macro-components. Of interest is the correlation between gender and emotional-evaluative meanings. Active processes occur in this emotional and evaluative vocabulary category, resulting in lexemes losing their ability to designate males and females and becoming gender-specific characteristics. Lexicographic, psycholinguistic, and contextual analysis of emotional and evaluative nouns of common gender was conducted. We compared the data of three explanatory dictionaries and identified a lot of lexemes requiring special corpus and/or psycho-linguistic research to establish their gender correlation. The results show that the nouns attributed by most respondents (90 % or more) to a particular gender tend to lose their common gender. However, several words causing the biggest difficulties for the respondents made the survey results not unambiguous. We conducted a corpus study to verify the experimental data, with the results confirming our hypothesis. Among the nouns describing both males and females (the core of this grammatical category), some lexemes that tend to become gender specific and, therefore, to shift to the category of masculine or feminine nouns.
Genre markup of the Tomsk dialect corpus: from concept to implementation
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Zemicheva Svetlana S.
Published: February 2023

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that it has been conducted at the intersection of two scientific fields: corpus linguistics and communicative dialectology. The paper presents a comparative analysis of corpus practice based on the material of spoken language. Also, consideration is given to the process and results of creating a discursively annotated corpus of dialect speech with a size of more than 2 million tokens. Discursive markup implies the labeling of three parameters: topic, type, and genre of the text. The novelty of this research project is related to the fact that, for the first time, a large array of dialectal texts has been marked up according to intentional orientation: not only folklore but also speech genres have been annotated. The value of the new source is provided by the combination of archived data with current materials. A methodological advantage of the corpus is the possibility of combining qualitative and quantitative analysis. The paper describes the principles of implementing the genre marking in the Tomsk dialect corpus, with the factors influencing the composition of the genres of the dialect corpus revealed. The results make it possible to determine the quantitative ratio of different speech genres in dialectal communication. The observations are supported by examples from the spoken language of villagers. The accuracy of the conclusions is ensured by the reliance on quantitative data and a considerable amount of material (over 16 thousand genre fragments).
The impact of sociocultural factors on demonstrative consumption: A theoretical analysis
Authors:   Donetsk National University, Strizhak Anna Yu. , Mancheva Inessa K. ,   Donetsk National University
Published: February 2023

The article explores the influence of sociocultural factors on demonstrative consumption based on Hofstede's methodology. The aim of the article is to analyze theoretically the impact of the main informal institutions on the behavior of consumers of luxury goods and to identify the most characteristic features of demonstrative consumption for certain types of cultures. The article uses the methodology of institutional and cross-cultural analysis, comparative and statistical methods. The study of demonstrative consumption in different types of cultures was carried out according to Hofstede's six parameters: power distance, individualism - collectivism, masculinity - femininity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation to the future, indulgence -restraint. The study proves that consumer behavior based on the desire to demonstrate status is most characteristic of collectivistic masculine cultures with a high level of power distance, uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation to the future. In indulgent cultures, compared to restrained ones, people are more likely to buy luxury brands in order to satisfy utilitarian and hedonistic needs. A study of the institutional aspects of luxury consumption in countries with different types of cultures revealed the main characteristics of the influence of sociocultural factors on demonstrative consumption. This study will allow marketers to determine the psychological aspects of consumer behavior from different types of cultures in relation to luxury brands.
Content of functions of central banks: Approaches to definition
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Krymova Irina P. , Rusinkevich Yulia I. ,   Orenburg State University
Published: February 2023

The article analyzes the content of the functions of central banks through the prism of different approaches. The relevance of the topic is due to the need to study the development of the functions of central banks against the background of the steady expansion of their powers. The most significant is the definition of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the functions of central banks for further building a model of their development and making a forecast of future changes. The complexity of such a study is associated with the lack of a definition of the “functions of the Central Bank” as such: there is no consensus among economists and lawyers in the interpretation of this concept. The aim of the article is to identify approaches to defining the content of the functions of central banks. To reach the aim, we used a number of general theoretical methods: analysis, comparison, synthesis, as well as a systematic approach. In the course of the study, we considered the multivariance of the existing interpretations of the concept of “central bank function” of Russian and foreign scientists and analyzed the essence of the central bank itself, the specificity of its activities, the inconsistency of the status, as a result of which three approaches to defining the functions of central banks were substantiated: economic, legal and dialectical. The result of the study was the definition of the elements of the functions of central banks, their structuring and presentation of the functions of the Central Bank as a system. The approaches formulated in the article can be used in a detailed study of the modern activities of central banks.
Entrepreneurship's adaptation to the national ESG agenda
Authors:   Kurgan Branch, Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS, Orlov Sergey N. , Lugovoy Ilya N. ,   Kurgan Branch, Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS
Published: February 2023

The concept of sustainable development of domestic entrepreneurship has a growing influence on the adjustment and change of adaptive business models. Today, ESG principles are the basis for ensuring the sustainable functioning of business structures, which occurs under the influence of setting and achieving the goals of companies' involvement in solving environmental, social and managerial problems. In the emerging context, we note the emergence and permanent strengthening of vector, regulatory and reputational effects on the activities and development of business structures. The subject of the research results presented in the article is the assessment of the impact on the adaptation of entrepreneurial structures of the implemented ESG approach as one of the key challenges in the activities of modern business. The methodological basis of the study is a consistent analysis of the impact of changing approaches on key aspects of small and medium-sized businesses, identifying qualitative and quantitative characteristics, assessing possible risks and benefits associated with the introduction of sustainable development principles by business entities. The result of the study is an assessment of the impact of the ESG approach on the adaptation of entrepreneurship to modern challenges, as well as on the financial performance of enterprises. As applied to small and medium-sized businesses, practical recommendations on adaptation risk management are proposed, which demonstrate the importance for the absolute majority of the company's activities. It is obvious that sustainable development makes it possible to improve modern models of adaptation of small and medium-sized businesses for the survival of people whose money is the goal of the economic agents of the system. If consumers do not buy the goods or services offered by the company, it means that the company cannot generate profit and, therefore, it is not viable.. Therefore, it is quite logical not only to build adaptive models for small and medium-sized businesses, but, equally important, to use new consumer motivation and a changing environment, social relations and corporate practices in the interests of business development. When a company's ESG activities are considered not so much as a way to neutralize risk, but also as a method of assessing and determining future opportunities, ESG becomes an area of increased attention and importance for institutional investors and creditors. The conclusions and recommendations made in the article may be significant for companies in various sectors of the economy if they are interested in improving the stability of their own financial situation and increasing the interest of investors in them.
Models of a welfare state in European countries
Authors:   Siberian State Medical University, Petrov Alexey V.
Published: February 2023

The article is concerned with the evolution process of European-style social welfare state. The welfare state is considered as a set of institutionalized strategies in the context of social citizen rights, which provide protection for everyone who can and is experiencing economic and/or social difficulties. Nowadays, there has been a significant amount of interest in the concept of a welfare state. The concept passed a long way of formation through its implementation in models of countries' development and repeated crises. This interest is contingent on actual issues of evaluating effects that lie in the plane of the influence of various welfare state aspects on the socioeconomic processes taking place in countries. In this context, particular attention is focused on redistributive mechanisms. In some countries, income redistribution is a secondary goal and even a side effect if it appears at all in documents regulating the social policy of government. The approaches used within the framework of specific models have many differences either in the effectiveness of results or in the role of state institutions in terms of resource provision. The study of the approaches makes it possible to assess the impact of the welfare state on the level of income inequality. On the other hand, it is important to determine what kind of protection from social risks (age, unemployment, disability, etc.) different welfare state models can offer, how these ensure the preservation of an individual's income necessary to meet a sufficiently wide range of needs. In the furtherance of this goal, the existing welfare state models - liberal, social democratic, conservative and South/Mediterranean - were analyzed. The study focuses on methods of measuring the resource component of social models within the framework of the described cases. The analysis has revealed that welfare states differ from each other not only in the amount of social budget spending but also in approaches of building their social protection systems. These differences have a significant impact on operation of labour market, people's work and family life and also on the level of social protection and income equality promoted by societies. The results of the redistributive mechanisms' influence of social state models on the level of income inequality were analyzed. The article identifies problematic elements of models critically dependent on the budget that governments spend to reduce inequality. It is difficult to count on increases in the volumes of resources necessary to ensure a permanent protection of people from social risks under unpredictable financial markets and real economic consequences of global financial crises. The considered aspects allow formulating recommendations for the formation of a welfare state in the Russian Federation.
Integrated assessment of the energy value of food resources of the regions
Authors:   Altai Sate University, Vodyasov Pavel V. , Belyaev Viktor I. ,   Altai Sate University, Mishchenko Valeriy V. ,   Altai Sate University
Published: February 2023

There are many approaches to assessing food supply and food security. The available tools are not perfect. The assessment is carried out mainly by aggregating indicators that are completely disparate in their essence. These indicators are often expressed in natural or cost units. The existing methods are difficult to use. The energy value of food is a promising indicator. The essence of this indicator allows it to become an integral indicator. The works of Russian researchers contain the use of this indicator to assess the level of food consumption per capita. But these works do not contain examples of assessing the level of food supply for the population of the regions. The indicator “Dietary Energy Supply (DES)” is used in foreign practice. This indicator represents the dietary energy supply as a percentage of the average dietary energy requirement per capita. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for the integral assessment of the energy value of the region's food resources. The methodology was tested by calculating the energy value of food resources in the regions of the Siberian Federal District. The agro-industrial complex of Siberian regions produced food worth 57.3 thousand teracalories in 2020. This assessment is based on the application of coefficients of energy value of the enlarged groups of food resources. The proposed method is easy to use. It does not require a lot of time. The area of the potential application of the methodology is scientific research and public administration practice
Forecast of the USD/RUB currency pair in the short term
Authors:   Public Joint Stock Company Moscow Exchange MICEX-RTS, Tenkovskaya Lyudmila I.
Published: February 2023

The article provides a forecast of the USD/RUB currency pair based on the equation of a linear downward trend. The aim of the research is forecasting the USD/RUB currency pair to determine the effectiveness of Russia's foreign economic activity and the real incomes of the country's population in the future, which makes the research relevant. The research is carried out using the following scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, monographic (description of Russian macroeconomics), statistical (identification of trends, calculation of correlation coefficients, graphic). The research is based on statistical data on the economic indicators of the Russian Federation: the USD/RUB currency pair, exports, imports, trade balance, the consumer price index, the key rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, the M2 monetary aggregate, the US dollar index, the Moscow Exchange Index (IMOEX). The USD/RUB currency pair is the main macroeconomic indicator influenced by Russian foreign economic factors: trade balance, inflation, key interest rate, money supply, US dollar index, Moscow Exchange Index (IMOEX). In the short term, the connection of the USD/RUB currency pair with the presented macroeconomic indicators has weakened. Therefore, the forecast of the exchange rate of the Russian ruble against the US dollar should be made on the basis of the trend equation. It has been established that, in the short term, the USD/RUB currency pair has the potential to decline, which is negative for exporters, but positive for the real incomes of the country's population. The sharp decline in the USD/RUB currency pair in recent months has been caused by the regulatory and legal currency regulation in the Russian Federation. It implies the following measures: restrictions on the issuance of US dollars from foreign currency deposits and accounts of citizens, on the sale of US dollars by banks to the public, on the transfer of US dollars abroad; high commissions for the purchase of US dollars on the stock exchange; restrictions on short sales of currencies on the stock exchange; mandatory sale of foreign exchange earnings by exporters; the use of Russian rubles in settlements for natural gas supplied to unfriendly countries; tight monetary policy of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. The cancellation of these regulatory and legal measures of currency regulation will return the long-term trend of weakening of the Russian ruble against the US dollar.
Inflation and wealth redistribution
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Sidorkin Dmitriy V.
Published: February 2023

The modern financial system pays special attention and plays a special role in the structure of funding sources to loan capital as it is cheaper and less risky. Such an interpretation made it possible to increase not only capital-intensive industrial production and government spending to support the economy, but also financial markets through the critical debt load of post-industrial economies in the context of not-so-high growth in the world gross domestic product. The gigantic cash flow generated through loan capital and the cost of servicing it sets the task of rethinking the role of loan capital and developing a new approach to the current financial system, its transformation. The reaction of the financial system to the policy of monetary easing, which has intensified in recent years, should have been described by an increase in inflation in correlation with the growth of the money supply, however, according to a number of experts, today's inflation has completely different sources of formation, which exacerbate contradictions between emission centers, industrial capital, world cash flow generation centers (these are not only global financial centers, but also transnational companies), and end consumers. The study aims to describe and assess inflation as a separate element of capital development - inflationary capital - that helps to solve the most acute problem of debt load. At this stage of development, financial systems cannot authorize this capital independently, and this fact cannot be ignored. The methods used in the research are: logical (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, analogy), hypothetical, probabilistic-statistical. The main results and conclusions of the research are the following. The analysis of the mobilization of loan capital, which has taken on an alarming scale, forms numerous contradictions not only between forms of ownership, but also between countries. The attempt by the Federal Reserve System to solve this problem through the gradual tightening of the monetary system is seen by many experts as the first step in the global financial crisis. The rising cost of borrowing for the US Treasury Department with every basis point raised means serious financial risks for the global economy. Rising inflation, as a systemic phenomenon of rising costs, only intensifies the efforts of the Federal Reserve System to curb inflation. The counterbalances for leveling the negative excessive use of loan capital cannot be achieved by increasing militarism and bringing to a military clash at the global level, as was the case in the past periods of the existence of socioeconomic formations, although we can observe such attempts.
Comparative analysis of the land parcels market of Siberian regions
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Khloptsov Dmitry M. , Bukhatkina Margarita R. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: February 2023

The authors of the article analyzed the markets for land parcels in the Siberian Federal District (SFD) and studied the problems of developing land markets in the regions of Siberia. The article presents statistics on prices for land plots, which indicate significant gaps between price intervals in the established regional and urban land markets in the Siberian macro-region. The authors analyzed the offers of land plots in the regions and came to the conclusion that the market for agricultural land is low-active and underdeveloped. In some areas, there were single cases of supply during the year. According to the analyzed price information, the cost of suburban land in the studied regions in Siberia is about three times lower than in regional centers, and the cost of agricultural land is 15-20 times lower than land for housing development. Land use is inefficient because the forming of the institution of land ownership has not been completed, tools for applying the regulatory framework have not been developed, and also because there are no economic instruments that regulate land markets. The study shows that in some Siberian regions there is a significant difference between the offer of land plots in the center of the region and in remote territories. Despite the intensification of livestock and crop production, with a high demand for land for housing construction and personal subsidiary plots, agricultural land is cheap and non-demanded. The market analysis carried out by the authors revealed the dependence of supply and demand, as well as prices for plots, not only on the type of permitted use and location, but also on the area. The authors indicated the need to develop and apply a comprehensive land policy, including economic instruments of regulation, which can ensure the full inclusion of land property in the market and lead to an increase in the value of land as an economic and financial asset.
Problems of the development of science and innovation. А regional view
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Byvshev Vladimir I. ,   Krasnoyarsk Regional Foundation for the Support of Scientific and Technical Activities, Panteleeva Irina A. ,   Siberian Federal University; Krasnoyarsk Regional Foundation for the Support of Scientific and Technical Activities, Uskov Danil I. ,   Krasnoyarsk Regional Foundation for the Support of Scientific and Technical Activities
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the trends and problems of the development of science and innovation in the regions of the Russian Federation. The aim of the study is to identify positive and negative factors, as well as trends and problems, in the development of science and innovation in the regions of the Russian Federation on the example of a model region. Due to the fact that the leading countries are strengthening the role of regions in the national science, technology and innovation policy, we decided to identify the most representative group of regions and consider one of the regions that is the most typical in terms of the state of the science of innovation. If we classify regions into groups of scientific, technological and innovative development, then problems, patterns and trends of development can be transposed from the private to the general within one group. One of the regions most suitable for the criteria of “catching-up leaders” is Krasnoyarsk Krai. To identify the reference points of the lag of this region from the leading regions, we compared its statistical indicators of innovation and scientific activity with the “leading” regions (Moscow, the Republic of Tatarstan, Novosibirsk Oblast, and Tomsk Oblast). During the analysis of the indicators of Krasnoyarsk Krai in comparison with the “leading” regions, we identified positive and negative trends, as well as problems, in the development of science and innovation in the region. For clarity, the indicators we selected are: the level of innovation activity, the number of scientific organizations, the share of employees in the field of scientific research, as well as the total number of expenditures in the scientific field among the regions; the relationship between these indicators was established. The research presented in the article is aimed at increasing the level of cooperation between universities, research institutes, and business, and also determines the need for a transition to “innovative rails”. The interrelation of the system of strategic development of science and innovation in the regions of Russia, focused on federal priorities and taking into account regional specifics, can solve the problems outlined in the article.
Myocarditis and coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination: A systematic review and meta-summary of cases
Authors: Saputra Pandit Bagus Tri , Kurniawan Roy Bagus , Trilistyoati Desy , Farabi Makhyan Jibril Al , Susilo Hendri , Alsagaff Mochamad Yusuf , Oktaviono Yudi Her , Sutanto Henry , Gusnanto Arief , Dyah Kencono Wungu Citrawati
Published: February 2023

Vaccination is significant to control, mitigate, and recover from the destructive effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The incidence of myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination has been increasing and growing public concern; however, little is known about it. This study aimed to systematically review myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination. We included studies containing individual patient data of myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination published between January 1, 2020 and September 7, 2022 and excluded review articles. Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisals were used for risk of bias assessment. Descriptive and analytic statistics were performed. A total of 121 reports and 43 case series from five databases were included. We identified 396 published cases of myocarditis and observed that the majority of cases was male patients, happened following the second dose of mRNA vaccine administration, and experienced chest pain as a symptom. Previous COVID-19 infection was significantly associated (p < 0.01; OR, 5.74; 95% CI, 2.42–13.64) with the risk of myocarditis following the administration of the first dose, indicating that its primary mechanism is immune-mediated. Moreover, 63 histopathology examinations were dominated by non-infective subtypes. Electrocardiography and cardiac marker combination is a sensitive screening modality. However, cardiac magnetic resonance is a significant noninvasive examination to confirm myocarditis. Endomyocardial biopsy may be considered in confusing and severe cases. Myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination is relatively benign, with a median length of hospitalization of 5 days, intensive care unit admission of <12%, and mortality of <2%. The majority was treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, colchicine, and steroids. Surprisingly, deceased cases had characteristics of being female, older age, non-chest pain symptoms, first-dose vaccination, left ventricular ejection fraction of <30%, fulminant myocarditis, and eosinophil infiltrate histopathology.
Факторы успеха предпринимательских проектов студентов и выпускников российских вузов
Authors: Сорокин Павел , Вятская Юлия , Черненко Светлана
Published: February 2023

Информационный бюллетень посвящен анализу факторов, способствующих успеху предпринимательских проектов студентов и выпускников ведущих программ обучения предпринимательству. Оценивался вклад в успех через основные модели капиталов: связи, финансовые показатели, знания и навыки, личностные черты. Рассмотрено влияние неуспешного опыта, наличия предпринимателей среди близкого окружения, а также роль обучения предпринимательству. Исследование основано на данных четырех фокус-групп и 42 полуструктурированных интервью со студентами и выпускниками программ и курсов обучения предпринимательству, которые имеют опыт развития своего предпринимательского проекта. Данные были собраны в рамках проекта «Мониторинг экономики образования» в 2022 г. Анализ опирается на самооценку респондентов в отношении вклада различных факторов в их предпринимательский трек.
Single Stack Performance using Chromium Carbide (Cr‒C) and Niobium Carbide (Nb‒C) Coated on 316 L Bipolar Plates
Authors:   Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Asri Nur Fawwaz , Husaini Teuku ,   Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Sulong Abu Bakar ,   Centre for Materials Engineering and Smart Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering and  Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Majlan Edy Herianto ,   Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Wan Daud Wan Ramli ,   Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Published: February 2023

Metallic bipolar plates tendency to have high contact resistance and corrosion after several times of usage affected performance of a cell in PEMFC stack. This study focused on the interfacial contact resistance (ICR) and corrosion resistance of SUS 316 L bipolar plates using Cr‒C and Nb‒C as coating layer, single stack performance in PEMFC were observed by experimental. The Cr‒C and Nb‒C coating layer acted as protective layer between SUS 316 L bipolar plates. Therefore, coating is a method in preventing the bipolar plates surface material from damage in the acidic environment of PEMFC. To develop corrosion-resistant and high conductivity bipolar plates for PEMFC, the coatings bipolar plates were applied to cell fabrication in comparison with bare SUS 316 L bipolar plates. The SUS 316 L bipolar plates size and electrode area were 50 mm2 and 25 mm2, respectively. The experiment was carried out on a prepared assembled single cell bipolar plates with the commercial membranes, conductive carbon papers and gasket. Initial performance of the single cells using Cr‒C and Nb‒C coatings over SUS 316 L bipolar plates were recorded at a cell voltage between 0.4 to 0.5 V, respectively. In comparison, Nb‒C gives good performance of corrosion resistance and the ICR value as low as 10‒12 A/cm2 and 1.22 mΩ cm−2. Additionally, it gives maximum power density of 137 mW/cm2 at the cell voltage 0.51 V. The lifetime durability of the single cell significantly improved from the uncoated current density of 390 mA/cm2 to 450 mA/cm2 with Nb‒C coating layer.
Electrochemical Performance of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ Cathode Material Prepared by a Sol-gel Method Assisted with Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes
Authors:   Proton Conducting Fuel Cell Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Abd Malek Nurul Izzati , Ismail Ismariza ,   Proton Conducting Fuel Cell Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Osman Nafisah ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
Published: February 2023

A promising perovskite-type oxide ceramics of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ (LSCF) cathode co-join with BaCe0.56Zr0.34Y0.1O3-δ (BCZY) as supported electrolyte for proton conducting fuel cell (PCFC) was investigated. The ultrafine LSCF was synthesized via a sol-gel process assisted with functionalized carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs) which served as a dispersing agent (denoted as modified-LSCF). The cathode ink of modified-LSCF was prepared by mixing cathode powder with binder that made up of ethyl cellulose and terpeniol. The cathode slurry was then deposited on both surface of the BCZY electrolyte via a spin coating technique to become a symmetrical half-cell. The half-cell of modified-LSCF│BCZY│modified-LSCF was subjected to Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX). The EIS data revealed the electrochemical reaction of the cell was a thermally activated process that follow the Arrhenius Law. LSCF incorporated with f-CNTs was effectively decreased the ASR value to 0.22 Ωcm2 at 700oC, compared to 0.31 Ωcm2 using pristine-LSCF. The pellet after EIS measurement showed no sign of crack and delamination at cathode/electrolyte interfaces, with optimum porosity obtained using ImageJ software and its elemental composition still preserved as observed by SEM/EDX analyses. Thus, the LSCF assisted with f-CNTs has a good potential to improve the quality of the cathode for high performance PCFC that operated at intermediate temperature.
N-Doped CNT: Distribution Electron on Different Ratio N/C for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors:   Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, A. Karim Nabila , Alias Muhammad Syafiq ,   Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Kamarudin Siti Kartom ,   Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Yahya Norilhamiah ,   Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: February 2023

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have the advantage to improve electrochemical fuel cell reactions by increasing the dispersion of nanoparticles as well as having high strength in mechanical and electrical properties. Therefore, this study presents the comparison of nitrogen doped CNT and other doping heteroatom on CNT as a catalyst support for application in the Direct Liquid Fuel Cell (DLFC). The doping ratio in CNT was conducted to determine the effect of the oxygen reduction reaction. In addition, the effect of CNT diameter in oxygen adsorption also has been tested. The models and calculations were done using density functional theory (DFT). The result showed that the ratio of N/C is decreases as the diameter of CNT decreases. The value is even dropped as the unit cell is increased to 1x1x2. The band gap value of CNT before doping is higher compared to after nitrogen doping. While increasing the diameter of doped CNT has increased the mulliken charge distribution and thus make the model more stable. In the adsorption energy of molecule oxygen, the 1x1x2 unit cell of CNT and large diameter show a remarkable and stable compared to in 1x1x1 unit cell and small diameter of CNT. Thus, the adsorption energy of the oxygen molecule shows a more stable value in the low doping ratio and high CNT diameter compared to a high doping ratio and a small diameter of the CNT. This result shows the potential of the CNT in helping to improve electrochemical reaction in DLFC.