bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problematyka dowodu z zeznań świadka w postępowaniu odrębnym w sprawach gospodarczych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Zielonogórski, Polska, Skibińska Magdalena
Published: January 2021

In general, the efficiency of civil proceedings in commercial cases has been improved by introducing the amendment of 4 July 2019 to the Polish Code of Civil Procedure: the subsidiarity of testimonial evidence in the commercial cases. Simultaneously, Article 458 10 of the code doesn’t allow to take an expert witness opinion after testimonial evidence which may, in a particular case, extend the duration of the proceedings. Therefore, this gap should be removed by amendment of this regulation. It should also be taken into account that testimonial evidence needs to be proceeded by hearing of parties due to both the reasons of conducting and the character of both means of proof.
Tajemnica kontrolerska uregulowana w art. 61 z ustawy z dnia 27 sierpnia 2004 r. o świadczeniach opieki zdrowotnej finansowanych ze środków publicznych jako przykład nowej tajemnicy zawodowej w postępowaniu karnym oraz obowiązek denuncjacji
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Lasek Wojciech
Published: January 2021

This study is a voice about the controlling secret of employees of the National Health Fund. This is a new professional secret that has emerged in legal transactions since 1 June 2019. The main emphasis was placed on the obligation to denounce and appear as a witness in criminal proceedings. The subject, subject and temporal scope of the controller’s secret were analyzed in the paper. Questions were also asked which, when the provisions on the controller’s secret are practically applied, will get their answer.
Tajemnica adwokacka w świetle orzecznictwa Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka
Authors:   Akademia Ekonomiczno-Humanistyczna w Warszawie, Polska, Milkowski Kacper
Published: January 2021

The attorney–client privilege is one of the fundamental elements that determines the actual assurance of the right to legal aid. It allows for the existence of trust between the client and the attorney, creating optimal conditions for the free and unrestricted transfer of information and comments between them. This, in turn, means that the attorney – equipped with full and true knowledge from the client, can most effectively assist in seeking protection of his rights and freedoms in court or before other public authorities. This means that attorney–client privilege increases the effectiveness of legal assistance and, consequently, access to court and enforcement of judicial procedures for the protection of all rights and freedoms. The article analyzes the significance of the attorney–client privilege in the context of the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights. The ECtHR has repeatedly ruled on the protection of the attorney–client privilege as part of the human rights protection system. The Tribunal places the right to keep secret the information provided between the client and the lawyer in the sphere of guarantees arising from Article 6 (right to court) and Article 8 (right to protect communication) of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.
Odpowiedzialność dyscyplinarna radcy prawnego za naruszenie tajemnicy zawodowej – na przykładzie wybranych orzeczeń sądowych
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Polska, Wojtkowska Natalia
Published: January 2021

The subject of this article is the issue of disciplinary liability of a legal adviser for breach of professional secrecy. The first part of the article presents general issues related to the exercise of the profession of legal advisor, professional secrecy and disciplinary proceedings. The main part of the article presents selected court decisions in order to determine in which situations the legal adviser will bear disciplinary liability for breach of professional secrecy and in which not.
Zażalenie do innego składu sądu pierwszej instancji w postępowaniu rozpoznawczym
Authors:   Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Polska, Drozdowicz Krzysztof
Published: January 2021

The article is about the issue of complaint to the court of the first instance sitting in a different formation in civil examination proceedings. The Act of 4 July 2019 amending the Code of Civil Procedure introduced the institution of a complaint to the court of the first instance sitting in a different formation against decisions of that court (horizontal complaint). The publication first characterizes the nature of the complaint in civil procedural law. Next, the evolution of the provisions on horizontal complaints, which previously operated in the proceedings before the court of second instance, was discussed. Finally, the new institution was characterized, including the pros and cons of the new model. The analysis does not allow for an unequivocally positive assessment of the new institution.
Umowy dowodowe w sprawach gospodarczych – refleksje na temat nowej instytucji w postępowaniu cywilnym
Authors:   Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski, Polska, Haciuk Anna
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this article is to introduce the new institution in commercial proceedings – evidentiary stipulations. The article presents the views of the Polish doctrine that have evolved over the years as to the admissibility of concluding evidentiary stipulations in civil proceedings, where these considerations primarily concerned evidentiary stipulations as to the choice of evidences and evidentiary stipulations as to the distribution of the burden of proof. The article describes the general characteristics of evidentiary stipulations, and then discusses in detail the regulations introduced in this respect in commercial proceeding.
Pozycja stron postępowania egzekucyjnego w świetle nowelizacji z 4 lipca 2019 r. – zagadnienia wybrane
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Polska, Kostwiński Marcin
Published: January 2021

In this article, the author discusses selected issues concerning amendments in enforcement proceedings, which were introduced as part of the amendment to the Code of Civil Procedure of 4 July 2019. Issues discussed were the grounds for refusing to grant an enforcement clause, considering the limitation period in the enforcement proceedings and transferring the rights to the legal successor of the creditor. These amendments were assessed on the functional and purposeful level in the context of the situation of the enforcement proceedings’ parties.
Analysis of the 2020 crisis and its consequences in the Kaluga region
Authors: Komarov Nikolay , Kondratenkova Tatiana
Published: January 2021

The end of 2019 will be remembered for the discovery of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, which has become a major challenge for all of humanity. The ongoing pandemic has provoked a crisis in all spheres of life and is continuously changing the global economic, political, social and other processes, forcing us to adapt to the introduced precautions.
Using a logical and systematic approach to research, applying methods of synthesis and content analysis of the press, electronic media and communication, as well as scientific articles, the authors analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 coronavirus infection pandemic on the economic state of the Kaluga Region.
The main socio-economic indicators are considered in dynamics and the most important spheres of the region's economy are analyzed in more detail. Assumptions have been made about how the restrictive measures designed to reduce the growth of cases affected the life-supporting processes of the region.
The migration processes of the population were considered, and the change in the standard of living was assessed. How the coronavirus has affected the health sector is reflected. It has been analyzed whether the forecast of industrial production can be realized taking into account the current conditions.
Taking into account the fact that a cluster model of development is being implemented in the region, the current indicators of the two leading directions: pharmaceutical and automotive, and their possibilities for the restoration of the regional economy with their help are reviewed.
It was revealed that in the local Kaluga production of a large international pharmaceutical company, it is possible to implement part of the research to create a vaccine against coronavirus infection COVID-19.
Based on the data processed in this article, it can be concluded that the diversification of the regional economy, which the regional administration adheres to, is bearing fruit in the current force majeure conditions. And the clustering of industry and preferential terms of permission for investors in such times have become especially relevant.
Home fall of elderly people: implications of stressors and representations in the COVID-19 context
Authors: Santos Jéssica de Castro , Arreguy-Senna Cristina , Pinto Paulo Ferreira , Paiva Elenir Pereira de , Parreira Pedro Miguel dos Santos Dinis , Brandão Marcos Antônio Gomes
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives To describe personal conditions and home structure that predisposes the elderly to the risk of falling, in the perspective of Neuman’s stressors; to describe the content, structure and origin of social representations about falling at home by elderly people; and conjecture the implications of this empirical evidence on the daily lives of the elderly in the context of the pandemic caused by COVID-19. Method Mixed method with concomitant triangulation (January-July/2017), qualitative design (structural and procedural approaches to the Social Representations Theory) and quantitative (sectional) approaching elderly people ≥65 years. Results Environmental factors were identified for falling at home, fear of activities of daily living and loss of visual acuity. Feelings and behaviors mentioned in the possible central nucleus justified the modulation of behaviors. Analysis categories: 1) Representation of the (in)adaptability of the home environment; 2) Representation and overcoming limitations arising from weaknesses. Conclusion It was possible to produce conjectures based on empirical evidence in the current situation in the pandemic’s dynamics.
COVID-19 evidence for all: development of a learning object in health teaching
Authors: Motta Lindayane Debom , Freitas Aline Angeli de , Janovik Júnior Ronei Xavier , Blatt Carine Raquel , Caregnato Rita Catarina Aquino
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT Objective Describe the development of a learning object focused on scientific evidence about COVID-19. Method Experience report on the production of a learning object based on the DADI web sites methodology, aimed at adults and children, built by nurses and academics from a Brazilian Federal University in 2020. Data collection in databases and reference organizations. Monitored performance through Google Analytics. Results Website created, “COVID-19 Evidence for All”, with intuitive design and didactic language aimed at three audiences: health professionals, adult population, and children. In the first month after implementation, the website was accessed by 3,313 users, proving to be an efficient strategy for disseminating knowledge. Conclusion The development of the website involved professors, academics and master’s students in the production of educational material aimed at prevention, promotion and maintenance of health. The resource allows quick consultation of the best scientific evidence available to date.
Behaviour of sand stabilised with xanthan gum under unconfined and confined conditions
Authors: Venda Oliveira Paulo J. , Cabral Diogo J. R.
Published: January 2021

This study analyses the effectiveness of the biopolymer xanthan gum (XG) to improve the mechanical properties of silty sand. The study focuses on the effects of the curing time and the content of XG on the unconfined and confined behaviour of soil treated with this biopolymer. The study was carried out with specimens cured under high-humidity conditions, through the comparison of the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), stiffness, compressibility and vertical yield stress of non-stabilised and biostabilised specimens, obtained from UCS and oedometer tests. Additionally, the pH value and results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/ energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) tests are presented and discussed. The biostabilisation of this soil with XG induces a more ductile stress–strain behaviour, a moderate increase in UCS and stiffness, and in the increase of the one-dimensional compressibility, with a greater effect for higher XG contents. The SEM/EDX tests show that the biopolymer induces a random biopolymer network in the biostabilised specimens that is related to the strengthening obtained.
The Structural Relationship Between Hotel Employees’ Person-Job Fit, Emotional Labor, Emotional Exhaustion, and Turnover Intention: Moderating Effect of Perceived Organization Support
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Lee Yong-Seok , Lee Hyung-Ryong
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify the structural relationship between person-job fit, emotional labor, emotional exhaustion, turnover intention and moderating effect of perceived organizational support of work for hotel employees. Total 300 copies were distributed to employees who worked in five hotel and 285 samples were used for the empirical analysis. First, the person-job fit had a significant positive(+) effect on deep acting. Second, the surface acting had a significant negative(-) effect on the emotional exhaustion, and the deep acting had a significant positive effect(+) on the emotional exhaustion. Third, the surface acting had a significant negative(-) effect on the turnover intention, and the deep acting had a significant positive effect(+) on the turnover intention. Firth, the relationship between emotional labor and emotional exhaustion differed according to the level of perceived organizational support by hotel employees. Lastly, the relationship between deep acting and turnover intention differed according to the level of perceived organizational support by hotel employees. We suggest the need for ways to reduce the emotional exhaustion and turnover intention of hotel employees who are exposed to emotional labor. Our findings confirmed the importance of effective management through perceived organizational support as well as coping with the employees' negative behavior in a desirable manner.
Lightning monitoring and detection techniques: Progress and challenges in South Africa
Authors: Mahomed Maqsooda , Clulow Alistair D. , Strydom Sheldon , Savage Michael J. , Mabhaudhi Tafadzwanashe
Published: January 2021

Globally, lightning causes significant injury, death, and damage to infrastructure annually. In comparison to the rest of the world, South Africa has one of the highest incidences of lightning-related injuries and deaths. The latest available lightning detection techniques and technologies are reviewed and include current research in South Africa and South Africa’s lightning detection challenges. Technological advances have contributed towards improving lightning detection and monitoring activities in many countries. South Africa has made considerably more progress in the field of lightning research than other African countries and possesses one of the three ground-based lightning detection networks in the southern hemisphere. However, despite these developments, rural communities in South Africa, and indeed in Africa, remain vulnerable to lightning, the occurrence of which is predicted to increase with climate change. A large proportion of the population of African countries resides in rural areas, where citizens participate in subsistence farming, and built infrastructure is not lightning safe. We recommend a call for the integration of indigenous and scientific knowledge as well as for the development of a participatory early warning system. Investigations into determining the most effective way to utilise existing monitoring networks – but with warning dissemination to rural communities – are also required. Lastly, future research on the development of lightning-safe rural dwellings or shelters, especially in lightning prone areas, is needed.
Significance:

Climate change projections of increases in lightning incidence highlight an increased risk for vulnerable communities.
There is a lack of literature focusing on lightning detection within rural communities.
Technological advances now allow for better dissemination of lightning information and early warning within rural communities.
The South African Lightning Detection Network is operational at a national level; however, there is no dissemination at a local level.
There are currently no recommended design guidelines for informal dwellings and no safety protocols for rural communities.
The cryptic case of Otomys sloggetti (Sloggett’s vlei rat): Interpreting murid molar morphology in the fossil record
Authors: Matthews Thalassa , Nel Turid H.
Published: January 2021

Vlei rats (Family: Muridae; Subfamily: Otomyinae) have a widespread distribution in southern Africa. They are favoured prey of barn and spotted eagle owls, and frequently become associated with archaeological deposits when the owls roost in cave sites. The phylogeny of several Otomyinae species is enigmatic, and Otomys sloggetti (Sloggett’s vlei rat) is no exception. This species has been referred to as the ‘ice rat’ and present distribution ranges are seemingly limited to mountainous areas, at high altitude, in Lesotho Drakensberg and the Karoo. It was thus surprising and unexpected when specimens closely resembling Otomys sloggetti (identification was based on molar morphology) were found in several archaeological sites on the south and west coasts of South Africa, and also in modern owl pellet assemblages – all extralimital to the current reported distribution. However, further examination of and comparison between these specimens, as well as extensive differences observed between comparative Otomys sloggetti specimens from museum collections, highlighted potential problems associated with the common practice of using tooth morphology to identify fossil murid species. We identified six molar morphotypes from the fossil and modern material, all of which bore a morphological resemblance to O. sloggetti. The material discussed in this paper suggests that cryptic, undescribed vlei rat species, or subspecies, have been in the past, and may yet be, co-occurring with modern populations of O. karoensis and O. irroratus. Phylogenetic studies need to be done in conjunction with morphological studies, as, currently, the relationship between the huge variation seen in interspecific morphology with genetics is little understood, different Otomys species are not always distinguishable morphologically, and considerable chromosomal polytypes have been found. Our findings highlight the need for extensive cladistic and genetic research on the Otomyinae. Significance: Mice and shrews from fossil sites are frequently used by archaeologists as indicators of past climatic and environmental conditions. Research into the species present in fossil assemblages is usually done on a single site basis and intersite comparisons are rare. The taxonomic conundrums presented by a vlei rat found in several South African archaeological sites indicates that such comparisons could result in the re-evaluation of identifications, and/or indicate the presence of cryptic species/subspecies. Phylogenetic studies are needed in conjunction with morphological studies, as the relationship between variations in interspecific tooth morphology (used to identify taxa) with genetics is little understood. This in turn will help to elucidate the relationship between morphology, biogeography and local adaptations.
Identified main fire hotspots and seasons in Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa) using MODIS fire data
Authors: Soro Tionhonkélé D. , Koné Moussa , N’Dri Aya B. , N’Datchoh Evelyne T.
Published: January 2021

Biomass burning has become more frequent and widespread worldwide, with a significant proportion occurring in tropical Africa. Fire dynamics have been generally studied at global or regional scales. At local scale, however, fire impacts can be severe or catastrophic, suggesting local analyses are warranted. This study aimed to characterise the spatio-temporal variations of vegetation fires and identify the main fire hotspots in Côte d’Ivoire, a country of West Africa, one of the world’s burn centres. Using MODIS-derived fire data over a 10-year period (2007–2016), the number of fire days, active fires and fire density were assessed across the entire country. In the southern part dominated by forests, fire activity was low. Three main fire hotspots were identified between 2°30’–8°30’W and 7°00’–10°30’N in the North-West, North-East and Central areas all dominated by savannas. In these areas, Bafing, Bounkani and Hambol regions recorded the highest fire activity where fire density was 0.4±0.02, 0.28±0.02 and 0.18±0.01 fires/km²/year, respectively. At national scale, the annual fire period stretched from October to April with 91% of fires occurring between December and February, with a peak in January. Over the decade, there was a decreasing trend of fire activity. Fire density also was negatively correlated with rainfall >1000 mm for the synchronic analysis, whereas fire density was positively correlated with rainfall in the previous years. Results suggest that the positive relationship between the previous year’s rainfall and fire activity could operate on a cycle from 1 to 4 years. Significance: Three fire hotspots were found primarily in savanna vegetation, which burns more regularly than forestdominated vegetation. The fire season occurs over 7 months, the majority of active fires (91%) occurring in just 3 months (December-January-February) with a peak in January (39%). Fire activity has declined over the past decade with a return time of above-average fires from 1 to 4 years. Fire density is positively correlated to the amount of rainfall in preceding years, whereas fire density and rainfall of the same year were negatively correlated in the region of rainfall >1000 mm.
Constraints on improving higher education teaching and learning through funding
Authors: Moyo Temwa , McKenna Sioux
Published: January 2021

In the midst of massification, targeted funding has been used in various countries to address inefficiencies in teaching and learning. In South Africa, arguments have been made for significant investments to be made and the University Capacity Development Grant (UCDG) in particular is being used as a driver for improved outputs. Prior to its implementation in 2018, the UCDG comprised the Research Development Grant and the Teaching Development Grant. The Teaching Development Grant was intended to address low retention and throughput rates and ZAR5.5 billion was spent to this end over a 12-year period. The analysis presented here of all Teaching Development Grant budget plans and progress reports from 2007 to 2015 shows that the undifferentiated implementation of the Teaching Development Grant within a differentiated sector limited its potential for system-wide gains. Institutions without adequate resources tended to divert Teaching Development Grant funds to attend to backlogs rather than to address teaching and learning practices and such universities lost much of their allocation through the withholding of unspent funds. This blanket practice addressed the symptoms of underspending but not the structural, cultural and agential mechanisms that led to such under-expenditure. Uneven access to the limited teaching development expertise also impacted on the use of the grant. This call for a context-based approach to funding has been identified as a key success factor in grant interventions in both African and European universities. We recommend a sector-wide response in the form of a national body or plan for the benefit of all universities and investment in financial management enhancement.
Significance:

The study contributes to a better understanding of how government funding interventions can achieve intended goals. The study calls for a more contextualised approach to funding and to greater  collaboration across the sector to maximise limited capacity.
Deep-resolution plant phenotyping platform description. v1
Authors: Pasternak Taras , Falk Thorsten , A Paponov Ivan
Published: January 2021

DRPPP (Deep-Resolution Plant Phenotyping Platform) is a combination of protocols for plant tissue preparation, labeling, scanning, and open-source software to visualize and analyze 4D biological datasets. Here we describe a step-by-step procedure, including sample preparation and data analysis.
Supporting protocol for use-case 1: N-linked glycan m/z candidate detection in "M2aia - Interactive fast and memory efficient analysis of 2D and 3D multi-modal mass spectrometry imaging data" v2
Authors: Cordes Jonas
Published: January 2021

An N-glycan MALDI-MSI dataset (treated and untreated sections) [1,2] is preprocessed in M²aia [3], resulting in an intermediate result in the form of a combined continuous centroid-imzML file. In this protocol, the M²aia-based processing steps are demonstrated. [1] Gustafsson et al. 2018; Data in Brief [2] Gustafsson et al. 2018: PRIDE repository; N-Glycane data set page [3] M²aia (RRID:SCR_019324): MSI applications for interactive analysis in MITK
Release of fluorescent protein tag by TEV protease reveals the topology of plant organellar membrane proteins v1
Authors: Gao Hongbo , Chang Ning , Hu Jinglei , Liu Jia
Published: January 2021

In eukaryotic cells, various organelles are compartmented by membranes containing numerous membrane proteins with one or more transmembrane domains. Understanding the topology of a transmembrane protein can facilitate the study of its function. Here we demonstrate a simple method, release of fluorescent protein tag (RFT), to reveal the topology of plant organellar membrane proteins. We created fusion proteins consisting of a fluorescent protein tag, yellow fluorescent protein (YFP), added to either the N-terminus or the C-terminus of the membrane protein of interest, with a tobacco etch virus (TEV) protease recognition sequence, ENLYFQS, incorporated between the membrane protein and YFP. When the protein was exposed to a coexpressed cytosolic TEV protease or an inducible cytosolic TEV protease in plant cells, the YFP tag was either protected by the membrane or released from the membrane depending on the location of each protein terminus. In conjunction with immunoblot analysis, this procedure easily revealed the topologies and orientations of several membrane proteins localized to various types of organelles.
Human Brain Vascular Pericytes (HBVP) Culture and Plating v2
Authors: Khaddaj Rayan , Bernad Maxime , Manrique-Castano Daniel
Published: January 2021

This protocol implements the culture of Human Brain Vascular Pericytes (HBVP) and is suitable for several research techniques, including immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and Protein or RNA analysis.
Culture media for human islets (based ont eh Edmonton protocol) v1
Authors: Cras-Méneur Corentin
Published: January 2021

Culture media for human islets
La población en riesgo y la calidad del agua al sur de la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara (Jalisco, México)
Authors: Castillo Figueroa Enrique
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo muestra la problemática ambiental al sur de la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara, en el Estado de Jalisco, México. El objetivo es conocer las afectaciones ambientales en que se encuentran los habitantes de este territorio. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica y hemerográfica de los distintos estudios de calidad de agua superficial, efectuados por parte de autoridades estatales, universidades y organizaciones no gubernamentales, enfocados al arroyo y presa El Ahogado. Además, se hizo una proyección socio espacial de los habitantes que están expuestos a los contaminantes en el agua superficial: bario, cromo, hierro, mercurio y zinc. El Estado ha tenido conocimiento de la degradación ambiental desde hace 40 años. Esto nos habla de una re-victimización del espacio socioambiental: la industria no ha sido sancionada, el crecimiento urbano es desordenado y las exigencias de la población en materia de salud no han sido atendidas.
İdeolojik Bir Aygıt Olarak Sinema: American Sniper Filmi Bağlamında Başat İdeolojinin İmaja ve Söyleme Tezahürü
Authors: MEDİN Burak , KAYMAK Ali
Published: January 2021

Kitle iletişim araçları özellikle siyasal iktidarlar ve üretim araçlarını ellerinde
bulunduranlar için her zaman önemli bir yere ve işleve sahip olmuştur. Bu araçların en
etkililerinden biri olan sinema sanatı, geniş kitlelere ulaşma, kitleleri manipüle etme
ve muktedirin arzu ettiği rızayı üretebilecek potansiyele sahip olması sebebiyle her
zaman için bir adım önde yer almıştır. Özellikle her iki dünya savaşı yılları başta olmak
üzere geçmiş dönemlerde, sinemanın geniş kitleleri etkileme gücünden pek çok siyasal
iktidar başta olmak üzere birçok iktidar çeşidi yararlanmıştır. Etkili bir propaganda
aracı olan sinema ile Hitler, Mussolini ve Lenin gibi pek çok siyasal aktör, fikirlerini
filmler dolayımıyla geniş kitlelere iletme fırsatı yakalamıştır. Başat ideolojinin bir iletim
aracı olarak sinema var olan gerçekliği değiştirip dönüştürmede ve yeniden inşa etme
noktasında önemli bir dolayım olarak görülmüş, özellikle siyasal iktidarlar tarafından
bu etkili kitle iletişim aracı egemen yapının menfaatine olan birtakım olay ve olguları
kitlelerin yararınaymış gibi göstermeye çalışmıştır. Bu bağlamda düşünüldüğünde
başat ideolojinin ister kitle sineması olsun ister düşünce temelli sinema olsun, en
temelde sinemanın bizatihi kendisi ekseninde anlamak oldukça önem taşımaktadır. Bu
çalışma ideoloji ve sinema arasındaki bu çok boyutlu ve kapsamlı ilişkiyi kendisine konu
edinmektedir. Bu düşünceden hareketle bu çalışmada başat ideolojinin sinemaya olan
tezahürü araştırma nesnesi olarak tercih edilen Keskin Nişancı (American Sniper, 2014)
filmi örneğinde incelenerek, ideoloji ve sinema arasındaki diyalektik ilişki anlaşılmaya
ve ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılacaktır. İlgili araştırma nesnesi önemli sinematik bakışlardan
biri olan ideolojik film eleştirisi ekseninde ele alınacak, böylece en temelde ideolojik
enstrümanların filmde nasıl tercih ve temsil edildiği okunmaya çalışılacaktır.
İngiliz Kültürel Çalışmalar Ekolü ve Medya Mahallesi Haber Programının Alımlama Analizi
Authors: AKGÜN Hakkı , ARIK Emel
Published: January 2021

İngiliz Kültürel Çalışmalar Ekolü’ne göre medya kapitalist sistemin en etkin ideolojik
kurumlarının başında gelmektedir. İdeolojik olarak işleyen medya iletilerine karşı
bireyler pasif değil, kendi anlamlarını oluşturabilme yetilerine sahip öznelerdir. Bu
çalışmada bireylerin medyadan aldıkları mesajı doğrudan kabul eden pasif izleyiciler
olmadığı varsayımı ile Halk TV’de 26.04.2019 tarihinde yayınlanan “Medya Mahallesi”
adlı haber programının ekonomi bölümüyle ilgili alımlama analizi yapılmıştır. Ekonomi
bölümünün seçilme nedeni araştırmanın yapıldığı tarihlerde ülke gündeminde ekonomi
ile ilgili konuların büyük bir yer tutmasıdır. Örnekleme, farklı sosyo-ekonomik özelliklere
sahip yedi izleyici dahil edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında program izleyicilerle birlikte
evlerinde izlenilmiş ve ardından derinlemesine mülakat yapılmıştır. Programın
izlenilmesinin ardından katılımcılara programın izleyicilerde bıraktığı izlenimleri ölçmek
amacıyla önceden hazırlanmış sorular sorularak derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır.
Elde edilen sonuçlar izleyicilerin medyadan aldıkları mesajı doğrudan kabul eden pasif
bireyler olmadığı varsayımını doğrulamıştır. Katılımcılar medya organının kendilerine
iletmek istediği mesajın farkındadır. Çalışma katılımcıların medya mesajını alımlamasında
ideolojik, sosyolojik ve ekonomik konumlarının etkili olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır.
High Efficient Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Design, Electromagnetic and Noise-Vibration Analyzes
Authors: ŞAHİN Atakan , ÖNER Yasemin
Published: January 2021

In this study, it was aimed to carry out the design, electromagnetic analysis and noise-vibration analysis of a 3 phase, high efficient surface-mounted permanent magnet motor with a power level of 7.5kW and 1500rpm speed. Using basic analytical formulas initial design geometry of motor was obtained. This first design geometry was investigated in detail by electromagnetic analyzes. In these electromagnetic analyzes, cogging torque, torque ripple, losses and efficiency parameters have been investigated. Then, modal and harmonic analyzes were carried out in order to interpret the effect of radial harmonic forces, obtained from electromagnetic analyzes, on the stator teeth on the noise and vibration parameters of the motor. According to analysis result of initial designed motor, it was aimed to reduce cogging torque, torque ripple, efficiency, noise and vibration parameters. It is thought that the improvement studies to be perform in the cogging torque will also have a positive effect on the torque ripple and vibration on the motor. By optimizing studies performed magnet and lamination geometry, new motor geometry has been obtained. Electromagnetic, modal, harmonic analyzes were made this new motor geometry. Analysis results of the new design and the first design were studied comparatively.
From Smart Data LifeCycle to Smart Simulation Project LifeCycle: The Case of the Voluntary Departure Program of Civil Servants in Morocco
Authors:   Mohammed V University in Rabat. EMI. Siweb team, Morocco., Ouazzani-Touhami Khadija , EL Arass Mohammed , Souissi Nissrine
Published: January 2021

This paper investigates the potential of discrete event simulation for the analysis and evaluation of public strategies and policies and discusses the opportunities offered by the use of a simulation project lifecycle. Following this cycle, we evaluate a public policy use case, the voluntary departure operation initiated in Morocco in 2005, and analyses the success rate of this operation, as well as its impact on the Moroccan pension fund, and this for the period from 2005 to 2025. The results of this simulation highlighted, as already indicated in the Court of Auditors' reports, the irrelevance of this operation, particularly from a financial point of view.
PUBLIC POLICY IN THE SPHERE OF HEALTH PROTECTION
IN LEADING COUNTRIES OF EUROPE:
LEGAL ASPECT
Authors: Kryzhevskyi A. , Kryzhevska O.
Published: January 2021

The article examines the state policy in the field of health care in the leading European countries: Sweden, Germany and France. The purpose
of this article is to analyze and systematize the basic organizational and legal foundations of state health policy in the EU and to develop recommendations for improving and reforming the Ukrainian health care system. The research was carried out in terms of the principles of historicism,
objectivity, versatility, complementarity and validity, which created a reliable methodological basis for a comprehensive analysis of the subject. The
work used comparative law, formal law, system-structural, classification method, modelling method, specific statistics, historical law and other
methods of scientific analysis in accordance with the subject of research.
The paper argues that public health policy is unique in each country, and its formation has been influenced by the historical past, political regime, national mentality and other factors. The article emphasizes the need to create a special code of laws in this area in Ukraine during the reform
of the health care system, which will contribute to the quality of legal regulation of relations between patients, health care facilities, insurance companies and the state. The authors believe that one of the further directions of reforming the health care system of Ukraine should first of all be the
introduction of compulsory state health insurance. It is substantiated that insurance should be carried out on a tripartite basis: deductions from the
income of entrepreneurs, deductions from the state budget and insurance premiums. The need to strengthen measures aimed at preventing the
occurrence of the disease has been proved.
Managing patients with endocrine dysfunction during COVID-19: Review of literatures
Authors: PM Patro , KVJ Rao
Published: January 2021

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is labeled as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 12th March 2020, is sweeping across the world. There has been documented evidence from China that those patients who have endocrinological disorders face additional risks from COVID-19. Healthcare professionals consider people with diabetes are at higher risk of severe illness. As such people with diabetes are not more likely to get COVID-19 than the general population, but they experience severe symptoms, complications and worse outcome even death, once infected. Hence specific measures are advised for the diabetic patients. The same goes for people with autoimmune conditions that lead to adrenal insufficiency. There may be primary (Addison’s disease), secondary or tertiary adrenal insufficiency in some patients. They regulate the blood pressure, the immune response and body’s stress response. However, nearly 5% of the population takes long-term steroids for inflammatory conditions like bronchial asthma, inflammatory bowel diseases etc.; out of which many would have some degree of insufficient adrenal response in a crisis. As it relates to COVID-19, any such patient who has been on long term corticosteroid therapy; with a dry continuous cough, breathing difficulty and fever should immediately double their daily oral steroid dose and continue this regimen until the fever has subsided. It is recommended for people with adrenal insufficiency. Apart from that, they should seek immediate medical help to avoid complications. Keywords: COVID-19; diabetes; endocrinological disorders; SARS-CoV-2
Treatment modalities for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: G Panduranga
Published: January 2021

Management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is based on limited data and keeps changing rapidly as new clinical data emerge. Remdesivir has shown to reduce duration of hospital stay and has been approved for treatment. In RECOVERY trial, corticosteroids lowered 28-day mortality in patients requiring oxygen supplementation or mechanical ventilation. Convalescent plasma did not live up to its initial promise and is not the standard of care for treatment at present. There’s not enough evidence for use of Hydroxychloroquine, Interleukin-6 inhibitors and many other investigational drugs. Bamlanivimab, casirivimab- imdevimab combo, all monoclonal antibodies, have recently been approved for use in mild to moderate COVIID-19, when there’s a high risk of progression to severe disease. Treatment of COVID-19 depends on stage and severity of disease. Antiviral medications are likely to be most effective when used early. Later in the disease, anti-inflammatory medications, anticoagulants and immunomodulators may be more effective. The world is waiting and hoping for a safe and effective vaccine which can put an end to this worldwide pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19; treatment; coronavirus disease; remdesivir; favipravir; hydroxychloroquine; COVID antibody therapies
Infection prevention and control: Key measures in healthcare settings to reduce the spread of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: J Banerjee , AK Bilolikar , R Fatima
Published: January 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) poses an enormous burden on society, economic and healthcare systems worldwide. The various measures being taken to control its spread. It has no definitive treatment and vaccination till date. Therefore, Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) practice in the healthcare facilities is the most important and essential to combat this health crisis. The increasing numbers of COVID-19 cases among healthcare professionals along with evidence of ongoing transmission in some healthcare settings suggest the gaps in the implementation of IPC practice. This need reviewing of all guidelines and their appropriate implementation. Strategic preparedness of preventive measures within health-care facilities; their proper implementation; the continuous, correct & consistent performance of IPC measures and use of tools to identify IPC gaps & to monitor progress are the key features to achieve success in reducing the transmission of SARS-CoV2 virus. Keywords: infection prevention and control (IPC); COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; pandemic, hand hygiene; cleaning and disinfection
Competence-oriented education in ophthalmology
Authors: Boiko Ernest V. , Fomina Natalya V. , Saidasheva Elvira I. , Zumbulidze Natalya G.
Published: January 2021

Aim. To develop and introduce into the pedagogical practice a competency-oriented education module. It would be included in all professional competencies of the Federal State Educational Standard for OPHTHALMOLOGY.
Material and methods. A nosological form, retinopathy of prematurity, was chosen to create the module. The material was created primarily on the basis of Federal clinical guidelines (FKR), retinopathy of prematurity, active phase. For the electronic information and educational environment of the university and for contact work, tests and case studies were prepared and competency-oriented tasks were compiled for all 12 professional competencies (PCs) registered in the Federal State Educational Standard for Ophthalmology, dated October 27, 2014 (No. 34470).
Results. The educational module, including all PCs, was developed and introduced into practice in the Department of Ophthalmology at North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov; this can serve as a reference model for the development of similar modules in other important and relevant areas in ophthalmology to enhance both the residency program in ophthalmology and cycles of thematic improvement for practicing ophthalmologists.
Conclusion. The competency-oriented tasks developed for the module are a useful resource in both learning and evaluation of residency programs in ophthalmology and thematic improvement of ophthalmologists.
Ecological-floristic characteristics of the specially protected natural area «Kostinskie Loga» (Samara Region)
Authors: Kuzovenko Oksana Anatolyevna , Samotueva Yana Anatolyevna
Published: January 2021

The paper considers ecological-floristic characteristics of the specially protected natural area Kostinskie Loga, located in the southern part of the Samara Region (Bolshechernigovsky and Bolsheglushitsky Districts). The research area belongs to the subzone of fescue-feather grass steppes. The flora is represented by 240 species of vascular plants belonging to 160 genera, 49 families, 2 classes and 1 division. Ecological-cenotic analysis was used to assess the ecosystem diversity of the nature sanctuary. The leading groups for phytocenotic affinity are identified: steppe (65 species; 27,1%) and meadow-steppe (54 species; 22,5%), which indicates a good preservation of steppe biomes and demonstrates landscape features of the nature sanctuary. The low value of the synanthropization index (15,8%) reflects a moderate level of anthropogenic load. The adventive component of the flora is represented by 30 plant species (12,5%), among which the degree of naturalization is dominated by epecophytes (10,8%), the time of introduction by neophytes (6,7%), the methods of introduction are dominated by xenophytes (27 species; 11,3%). The analysis of flora identified 6 species included in the Black book of Central Russia (Acer negundo, Atriplex tatarica, Cyclachaena xanthiifolia, Hordeum jubatum, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Xanthium albinum). The introduction of alien plants into natural communities occurs due to pasture digression in areas bordering the territory of the nature sanctuary. In general, the degree of anthropogenic transformation of the flora in most of the territory is expressed slightly, the vegetation cover retains natural features inherent in the steppe zone. A high degree of preservation of steppe communities with a significant participation of rare representatives of flora (14,6%) creates prerequisites for the organization of one of the steppe reserve sections of the Samara Region.
The investigation of oil microbocenosis influence on the corrosion process of pipe steel
Authors: Nesterova Ekaterina Vyacheslavovna , Borisenkova Ekaterina Aleksandrovna , Prokhorova Nataliya Vladimirovna
Published: January 2021

The paper presents the results of model laboratory experiments carried out to assess the influence of oil microbocenosis bacteria on the corrosion process on the internal surfaces of oil pipelines made of steel 17G1S. It is known that the bacteria of this group most often include hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria (HOB), sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), sulfur-oxidizing, or thionic (TB) and iron-oxidizing bacteria (IOB). In model experiments with 17G1S steel samples alloyed with 1% manganese we used corrosion-hazardous bacteria of the genera Desulfotomaculum, Paracoccus, Pseudomonas and Sphaerotilus, isolated from a damaged section of an oil pipeline at a field in the northern part of the Samara Region. In the initial phase of the experiment, the titer of the analyzed bacteria was quite high (SRB 10⁴10⁵, TB 1010⁴ cells/cm), but by the end of the experiment, only sulfate-reducing bacteria with quantitative characteristics of 110 cells/cm were isolated from the culture liquid, may be due to the high adhesion capacity of mass cultures of the bacteria. On the surface of the steel samples the method of electron microscopy revealed unevenly distributed loose deposits, but the cells of the bacteria themselves were not visible in them. The morphological features of the revealed corrosion deposits indicated their bacterial origin, which was also confirmed by biochemical analysis of corrosion products suspension, in particular, by revealing a high mass concentration of sulfides, protein, and the dehydrogenase. Aerobic and anaerobic microbiological interactions occurring in the oil microbocenosis on the internal surfaces of pipelines have been experimentally confirmed and are in good agreement with the data of other researchers. It has been established that the main role in the corrosion destruction steel samples belongs to SRB, whose participation can be carried out according to two main mechanisms: hydrogen cracking and anodic dissolution of iron. Pits and through holes are formed on the steel surface, and the local corrosion rate can approaches 7,3 mm/year. The experiments proved the active role of oil microbocenoses, the basis of the microbiont of which consists of four bacteria, in the rapid destruction of oil pipelines in the Samara Region.
Structure and ecological features of the Yeravninsky steppes flora (Western Transbaikalia)
Authors: Kholboeva Svetlana Aleksandrovna , Banaeva Sesegma Chingisovna
Published: January 2021

The paper is devoted to the characteristics of the floristic diversity of steppe vegetation in the southern part of the Vitim plateau in Yeravninskaya and Uldurginskaya basins. There is a southern border of the permafrost. The flora of the steppes is characterized by a depleted composition in comparison with the steppes of the Selenga middle mountains. Some widespread plant species of the true steppes of the Central Asia are absent here. The basis of the ecological and phytocoenotic structure is the steppe group, which is dominated by mountain and forest-steppe plant species. There is less participation of the true steppe species; this fact indicates an insular nature of these steppes. A group of light-coniferous species is significant; they are the part of the cryoarid forest-steppe complexes of the Vitim plateau. In the ecological structure of the flora xeromesophyte and gemixerophyte species dominate. They have the most important coenotic role in the formation of the vegetation cover of these steppes. The cereals species are of high coenotic significance, there are indicators of the dry bunchgrass steppes of Southern Siberia (Poa botryoides (Trin. ex Griseb.) Roshev., Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn., Koeleria cristata (L.) Pers.). The role of mesoxerophytic of East Asian and Daurian-Manchurian species is also high (Filifolium sibiricum (L.) Kitam., Stellera chamaejasme L., Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd.). They are typical for meadow steppes of the Central Asian sector of the Palearctic.