bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrating Neuro-informed Counseling Techniques in Addiction Treatment Outcomes Among Drug Addicts in Rehabilitation Centers in Kenyan (Systematic Review Analysis)
Authors:   Psychology and Special Needs Department, School of Education, Pwani University, Kenya, Anika Alice A. , Lambert Edward ,   School of Social and Human Studies, Atlantic International University, Pioneer Plaza, 900 Fort Street Mall 905, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA, Level Rene T. ,   School of Social and Human Studies, Atlantic International University, Pioneer Plaza, 900 Fort Street Mall 905, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA
Published: December 2024

Background: The rising prevalence of substance use disorders in Kenya necessitates the exploration of innovative treatment approaches. Neuro-informed counseling techniques, which integrate insights from neuroscience into therapeutic practices, have shown promise in enhancing treatment outcomes for individuals struggling with addiction. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of neuro-informed counseling techniques in improving addiction treatment outcomes among drug addicts in rehabilitation centers in Kenya. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar, to identify studies published between 2010 and 2023 that focused on neuro-informed counseling techniques in addiction treatment within Kenyan rehabilitation settings. Inclusion criteria encompassed randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and qualitative research that reported on treatment outcomes such as relapse rates, psychological well-being, and overall recovery. Results: A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria, revealing a significant positive impact of neuro-informed counseling techniques on treatment outcomes. Key findings indicated that these techniques, which include mindfulness-based interventions, cognitive-behavioral strategies, and neuro-feedback, were associated with reduced relapse rates, improved emotional regulation, and enhanced coping skills among participants. Additionally, qualitative data highlighted increased engagement and motivation in treatment, suggesting that neuro-informed approaches foster a more supportive therapeutic environment. Conclusion: The integration of neuro-informed counseling techniques in addiction treatment within Kenyan rehabilitation centers demonstrates promising potential for improving outcomes among drug addicts. This systematic review underscores the need for further research to establish standardized protocols and training for practitioners, as well as to explore the long-term effects of these interventions. By adopting a neuro-informed approach, rehabilitation centers can enhance the efficacy of their treatment programs, ultimately contributing to better recovery rates and improved quality of life for individuals affected by addiction.
The Uncertain Response of Atmospheric Temperatures To Increasing Carbon Dioxide Levels and Implications for Climate Litigation and Compensation Claims
Authors:   Institute of Public Affairs, Australia, Abbot John
Published: December 2024

Climate change has increasingly become an issue where parties are being held accountable because of assumed causation by human greenhouse gas emissions. At the international level, the United Nations COP21 led to the Paris agreement in 2015, a legally binding international treaty on climate change, adopted by 196 parties. Subsequently in 2021 at COP26 in Glasgow, loss and damage was a key issue. Attempts to seek financial compensation or enforce restrictions on activities relating to fossil fuels have occurred at various levels in many different countries. In 2022, the U.N. Human Rights Committee found that Australia had failed to adequately protect indigenous Torres Islanders against adverse impacts of climate change. Other cases relate to Project Approval and Corporate Accountability, but there is generally an absence of questioning the IPCC position that climate change during the industrial era has been predominantly caused by human emissions of greenhouse gases. However, an examination of the scientific literature reveals that the assumption “the science is settled” needs to be carefully reconsidered. Using techniques such as AI provides evidence that the sensitivity of climate change to anthropogenic emissions may be significantly lower than currently endorsed by the IPCC, and the contributions of natural factors is under-estimated, thereby reducing climate sensitivity from a mean of 3.7°C to 0.7°C. Trillions of dollars are being claimed worldwide for loss and damage allegedly caused by anthropogenic climate change. These claims could be greatly affected if the dominant cause of climate change are natural.
A Comprehensive Cervical Cancer Profile in Nairobi County in Between 2015 and 2019
Authors:   School of social and Human studies, Atlantic International University, Pioneer Plaza, 900 Fort Street Mall 905, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA, Langat Anne Chepkemboi , Tanui Evans ,   Kenya Nedical research institute, PO BOX 54840 -00200 off, Raila Odinga way, Nairobi, Kenya
Published: December 2024

Cervical cancer is the most prevalent cause of cancer-related deaths and morbidity worldwide that is the most common in women aged 45-60, with a disproportional burden in low- and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries. The high illness burden in resource-limited settings is attributed to insufficient knowledge of disease prevention and the lack of organized screening programs. Low middle income countries account for 80% of cervical cancer cases globally. Cervical cancer has a global incidence rate of 14 per 100,000 women. The present study delves to determine the Prevalence of cervical cancer in Nairobi county, to examine the age standard rates of cervical cancer and to determine the survival rates of cervical cancer patients. The study utilized retrospective design where patient records were reviewed to obtain data of Nairobi county women residents who sought medical attention from health care facilities due cervical cancer between the period of 2015-2019. Structured questionnaire obtained from the Nairobi county Abstract form at cancer registry (KEMRI).The data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 and can Reg 5. Descriptive statistics were utilized .The Results revealed that the mean affected age is 49.53 years. Most patients were diagnosed at stage 11 at 19.61%.Radiotherapy was the most preferred form of treatment at 46.75%.The survival rate was at 80.52%..Cervical cancer is considered the most common cancer in women. It is recommended that creating awareness can alter the trajectory of the cervical cancer orientation; training practitioners on high index cancer detection, early screening and adjustments on government policies can increase the survival rate. Moreover, HPV vaccination can prevent growth of malignant cervical cancer cells.
Building and Evaluating a Green and Multifunctional Composite Based on Poly(butylene adipate-co terephthalate) with Zirconium Phosphate and Clove Essential Oil
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco I, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Araújo A. M. F. C.
Published: December 2024

Although poly(butylene-adipate-terephthalate) (PBAT) is derived from fossil sources, it is classified as a biodegradable polymer because of its predominantly aliphatic ester structure. Synthetic Zirconium phosphate (ZrP) has been widely studied for its notable properties in various fields of human activity. Clove oil (CO) is an eco-friendly material with notable antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. In this context, the present study aimed to develop a green and multifunctional composite based on PBAT incorporated with ZrP, modified ZrP, and CO. The wide-angle X-ray diffraction revealed that the presence of CO promoted the delamination of the phosphates. The thermogravimetric analysis indicated that ZrP and modified ZrP slightly improved the thermal stability of PBAT. The calorimetric evaluations revealed that both ZrP and modified ZrP acted as heterogeneous nucleating agents, increasing the degree of crystallization of PBAT by approximately 70–85%. The incorporation of phosphates and clove oil enhanced the hydrophobicity of the composite films by 20–50%. The thermomechanical analysis indicated a reduction in the glass transition temperature of PBAT and an increase in its linear coefficient of thermal expansion. The type of phosphate and the amount of clove oil influenced the polymer’s molecular relaxation behavior. Antimicrobial testing confirmed that the composite effectively inhibited the growth of Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) ands the yeast Candida albicans.
Trace Elements Determination in Human Scalp Hair by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Health Status Assessment
Authors:   Laboratory of Mineralization and Dynamics, College of Earth Sciences and Land Resources, Chang’an University, 126 Yanta Road, Xi’an, 710054, China, Tan Xijuan , Wang Zhuming ,   Laboratory of Mineralization and Dynamics, College of Earth Sciences and Land Resources, Chang’an University, 126 Yanta Road, Xi’an, 710054, China
Published: December 2024

In this paper, elements including Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd and Pb in scalp hair samples from five male adults in the age of 50 – 55 were accurately quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The ICP-MS quantification results were analyzed according to the recommendation from the Trace Element Research Council of China. It was found that the contents of Cr, As, Cd, and Pb were within the permitted ranges, while the concentrations of Mn, Fe, and Cu differentiated individually. It was worth noting that Fe contents in two samples were over 200 μg·g–1, which were higher than the highest permitted value of 130 μg·g–1. Interestingly, these two specimens also exhibited relatively higher concentrations of Mn and Cu. For Se, all five specimens showed slightly higher than the upper permitted value of 0.6 μg·g–1. But Al far exceeded the allowed 7.0 μg·g–1, yielding a ratio up to approximately 26-fold. It was also found that the content of Zn in one sample was out of the permitted range, giving about 13.5% lower than the least required concentration. It can thus be deduced that the participants having an accumulation of Mn, Fe, Cu, Se or Al were suggested to control the daily ingestion of these elements from foodstuff and/or medicine, while the participant showing Zn deficiency was recommended to take a reasonable amount of Zn supplements. From this study, all these participants were highly recommended to take a detailed check-up for the further health status assessment.
The Increase of Chronic Diseases Death During Covid-19 Outbreak in Italy: The Effect of Vaccinations
Authors:   Loyola University School of Medicine - Chicago, Cornelli Umberto ,   Piazza E. Novelli 5 20129 Milan, Italy
Published: December 2024

Background: In Italy Covid-19 increased the Standardized Death Rate (SDR) of some chronic diseases Objective: to assess the modification of chronic diseases SDR due to Covid-19 in 2020 and in 2021 following the first year of vaccination in the 20 Italian Regions. Methods: The SDR of 59 most common diseases was analyzed according to the data recorded by ISTAT (Istituto Italiano di Statistica) in the 20 Italian Regions. The period between 2017 and 2021 was considered. The differences among years were calculated according to the ANOVA and Tukey test calculation. Results: The SDR of only 14 diseases was modified during the Covid-19 outbreak. For 8 diseases it increased: type II diabetes, other metabolic illnesses, blood disorders, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, other neurological diseases, genito-urinary and not definable diseases. No differences were found in 4 diseases: mental disorders, cerebrovascular, myocardial and respiratory diseases. A significant decrease was shown for infection and parasitic diseases and malignant cancers. The total of SDR in 2019 was 82.1 ± 5.66 x 104 while in 2020 and 2021 was respectively 92.8 ± 7.25 and 89.7 ± 6.84 x 104. Vaccinations in 2021 were effective only in reducing Alzheimer’s, myocardial and respiratory diseases. Conclusions: Covid-19 outbreak in 2020 was increasing deaths in subjects suffering from type II diabetes, other metabolic, blood disorders, Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, other neurological, genito-urinary, and not definable diseases. The vaccinations were flattening only the Alzheimer’s, myocardial and respiratory diseases.
Green Transformation of Hospitals Evaluation According to Sustainability Criteria: The Case of Afyonkarahisar
Authors:   Afyon Kocatepe University, Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Art and Design, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye, Kozan Fatmanur , Onay Busra ,   Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Fine Arts, Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to determine whether the existing situation of the hospitals in the Afyonkarahisar (Afyon) Provincial center have the green hospital criteria, by emphasizing the importance of green hospitals. In the study, the green hospital suitability evaluation form, which was constituted according to the information obtained from the literature, was filled by the responsible persons by engaging in interviews at the hospitals that were the subject of the study. This form is composed of six headings: sustainable lands, water productivity, energy and atmosphere, materials and sources, quality of interior space, and waste management. The data obtained from each hospital were analyzed with percentage values. The data obtained from the green hospital suitability evaluation forms conducted at hospitals were analyzed and in general they received 73.34% points for sustainable lands, 58.33% for water productivity, 80% for energy and atmosphere, 100% for materials and sources, 80.94% for quality of interior space, and 100% points for waste management. According to the analysis results, it was observed that the hospitals that tried to fit the subject did not fulfill the criteria of being a green hospital in some areas. Suggestions were presented for becoming a green hospital, especially for the hospitals.
Classical Quantum Hidden Variable Gravitation
Authors:   New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology 903 Sean St, Socorro, New Mexico, Bender Darrell
Published: December 2024

Years ago, just by thinking about it, we discovered the rate of a unit clock in a gravitational field, and, after that, because of the slower clock rate in a gravitational field, that the energy that an energy wave sphere loses becomes its energy of motion. We calculated the radius of a proton energy wave sphere contained in an electron energy wave sphere. We extend the concept of energy wave spheres to imaginary energy wave spheres to explain the change in frequency of the wave in an energy wave sphere. We show that a black hole is an imaginary energy wave sphere with radius alpha and wave velocity ic, which gives the nature of the kernel with radius alpha of a mass M. We show that the radial component of the velocity of a light ray, perpendicular to a radius in a gravitational field, has the velocity of an imaginary energy wave sphere inside the photon. We did not come here to offer a false theory, but, rather, a look through the veil of gravitation. We are the looking glass. A light ray with constant velocity -c moving toward the imaginary kernel of a mass M along a radius has a real energy wave sphere with wave velocity 0 always. In the face of imaginary energy wave spheres along its path, the wave velocity of the energy wave sphere never becomes imaginary assuming any energy lost by the wave goes into the velocity of the energy wave sphere. Taking this non-imaginary wave velocity clue amounts to assuming it holds for all real energy wave spheres and, as a consequence, that the absolute velocity of a real energy wave sphere cannot exceed c. Knowing that the source of this velocity is the energy wave sphere itself, we should have already concluded this anyway. As for a real kernel for the mass M for some radius less than alpha, no real energy wave sphere has an imaginary energy wave sphere to hold it together for such a radius. The only conceivable place to match the wave velocity of the real kernel of a mass M, where the wave velocity of the kernel is c and the velocity of the energy wave sphere, not its wave velocity, is -c, is at the radius alpha, thus extending the notion of a black hole to include this real energy wave sphere.
The crystal structure of (E)-3-((E)-3-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-hydroxyallylidene) chroman-2,4-dione, C21H18O6
Authors: Janićević Suzana C. , Dekić Vidoslav S. , Dekić Biljana R. , Pecev Marinković Emilija T. , Radulović Niko S. , Bogdanović Milica G. , Rodić Marko V.
Published: December 2024

C21H18O6, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 7.2187(4) Å, b = 9.3833(7) Å, c = 13.6874(13) Å, α = 85.933(7)°, β = 81.991(7)°, γ = 69.983(7)°, V = 862.35(12) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt
(F) = 0.0418, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1233, T = 295(2) K.
High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein as a Prognostic Indicator of Cardiovascular Disease in Severe Non-Diabetic COVID-19 Patients
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Karaikal-609602, Puducherry, India, Kandhasami Mugundhan , Panchanathan Subash ,   Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Karaikal-609602, Puducherry, India, Rajendran Jayanthi ,   Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, "Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed -to be-University)," Puducherry-607402, Laksham Karthik Balajee ,   epartment of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Karaikal-609602, Puducherry, India
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE: The long-term extrapulmonary sequelae of COVID-19 after recovery from the critical stage at the intensive care unit (ICU) are still unclear. Some post-COVID symptoms are prevalent even after a one-year follow-up. To explore the relationship between high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and hyperglycemia with cardiovascular diseases in non-diabetic COVID-19 patients. To determine whether increased fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels are associated with elevated hs-CRP and to explore whether hs-CRP can serve as a prognostic indicator to predict cardiovascular outcome.
METHODS: FBS and hs-CRP values of 26 nondiabetic COVID-19 patients were collected from their medical records at JIPMER hospital. In oneyear follow-up of these 26 patients, 2mL of blood sample was collected for the analysis of FBS, HbA1c, and hs-CRP.
RESULTS: hs-CRP increased in 23% of follow-up patients who were at high risk, and 42.3% of participants were at average risk for cardiovascular disease. High and average-risk groups of survivors showed a positive correlation of hs-CRP with FBS and HbA1c levels, and these patients should be carefully monitored.
CONCLUSION: ICU survivors with elevated hsCRP need periodic check-ups for cardiovascular diseases. We suggest that hs-CRP could be used as an early prognostic indicator of cardiovascular diseases and can reduce the risk
Prognostic Significance and Clinicopathological Correlations of Epigenetic MGMT Gene Silencing in High Grade Diffuse Gliomas: Experience from a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors:   Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow, India, Singh Alka , Singh Anurag ,   Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow, India, Agrawal Sarita ,   Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India, Jaiswal Awadhesh ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India, Jaiswal Sushila ,   Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
Published: December 2024

Glioblastoma is the most aggressive and commonest primary malignant brain tumour. Current standard of care includes surgery, radiation, and alkylating agent chemotherapy. Despite multimodal treatment, the survival of glioblastoma patients is dismal. Loss of O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase(MGMT) protein expression due to promoter methylation reduces glioma cell DNA repair activity and resistance to alkylating agents. Thus, in world health organization (WHO) grade 4 diffuse glioma patients treated with an alkylating agent, methylated MGMT promoter is currently being considered a clinically relevant prognostic as well as predictive biomarker.
Our aim was to assess the frequency of MGMT promoter methylation in WHO grade 4 diffuse glioma patients and study their prognostic role and clinicopathological correlations. A two-year prospective cohort research was conducted on 89 WHO grade 4 diffuse glioma patients. The clinical and demographic data were retrieved from our hospital information system. MGMT methylation was assessed using methylation specific polymerase chain reaction. Data was analysed using SPSS-24 software. We studied 89 cases of WHO grade 4 diffuse glioma, of which 38.2% showed methylation of MGMT promoter. There was no significant difference in age, sex, location of tumor and clinical presentation between the methylated and unmethylated groups. A statistically significant association of methylated MGMT promoter was observed with isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) protein expression (p = 0.050) and alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) loss (p = 0.003). No significant association was noted with p53 overexpression (p = 0.492) and Ki-67 index (p = 0.698). The median overall survival in these patients receiving standard radiotherapy and concomitant temozolomide chemotherapy showed a trend towards better survival in group with methylated MGMT promoter (p < 0.001). Our study suggests that methylation of MGMT promoter is more frequent in the subset of grade 4 diffuse gliomas that significantly exhibit IDH1 immunopositivity and loss of ATRX expression. Also, patients who receive radiation therapy and simultaneous temozolomide chemotherapy have a considerably better prognosis and treatment outcome, if the promoter region of MGMT is methylated.
Dynamic Navigation in Dental Implantology
Authors:   Periodontics Division, Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India, Goyal Lata , Sankar Hariram ,   Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, Indi, Dewan Meghna ,   Private Practice, Shimla, India; Former Scientist C, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, Perambudhuru Yeshwanth ,   Periodontics Division, Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India
Published: December 2024

Implant placement for dental rehabilitation has gained more popularity among patients in the recent past. Dental Implants are the workhorse of dentistry. Previously, the implants were placed with the help of the traditional freehand approach. Even though the conventional technique was successful, it has his own shortcomings. Various methods have been introduced, like stent -guided implant placement and navigation guided implant placement, that enhance the precision of implant position. The three different methods for placing the implants are freehand approach, static navigation and dynamic navigation. Among these approaches, the dynamic navigation system is a promising technology in implant dentistry. The dynamic navigation system is being used successfully in various other fields and is well known for its accuracy. It gives an advantage to clinician by providing real-time three-dimensional position of implant and better clinical and patient related treatment outcomes. This review summarizes the literature and evidence available on dynamic navigation, its potential application, advantages, disadvantages with future directions.
Efficacy of Flow Diverters in Managing Multiple Aneurysms: A Clinical Case Report
Authors:   Endovascular Neurosurgery Department, High Technology Medical Center, University Clinic, Tbilisi, Georgia, Ekvtimishvili Erekle ,   Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia, Rajesh Rahul Yedpallikar ,   Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia, Koshy Rowyna Reji ,   Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia, Maliyil Binu Thomas ,   Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia, Kumar Arsha Anil ,   Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
Published: December 2024

Brain aneurysms, also known as cerebral aneurysms, are the growths of the parent artery. Based on their shape, aneurysms can be categorized as saccular or non-saccular. Several factors have been linked to multiple brain aneurysms but the most prevalent is arterial hypertension. In the treatment of cerebral aneurysms, endovascular techniques like coil embolization have essentially taken the place of surgical clipping. Brain aneurysm treatment has undergone a revolutionary change owing to flow diverters. They are now used for complex aneurysms that are unresponsive to standard therapies, in addition to unruptured lesions that were previously treated with standard surgical or coil-based endovascular procedures. Flow diversion has shown to be a more successful treatment for aneurysms than other approaches due to its reduced complication and high recovery rate. We discuss the case of a patient who arrived with headache and was subsequently diagnosed with numerous aneurysms of the left internal carotid artery. Flow diverter stenting was employed to thrombose our patient's existing aneurysms, followed by dual antiplatelet therapy (Ticagrelor and Thrombo ASS) as a post-procedural need. Despite the fact that our patient had both large and minor aneurysms impacting challenging locations, there were no complications after treatment.
Understanding suicide
Authors:   Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry Professor Doctor Alexandru Obregia, Bucharest, Romania, Horoșan Lavinia , Nistor Diana-Elena ,   Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry Professor Doctor Alexandru Obregia, Bucharest, Romania, Ion Adriana ,   Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry Professor Doctor Alexandru Obregia, Bucharest, Romania, Corban Mihai ,   Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry Professor Doctor Alexandru Obregia, Bucharest, Romania, Giurgiuca Ana ,   Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry Professor Doctor Alexandru Obregia, Bucharest, Romania,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Bucharest, Romania
Published: December 2024

Suicide remains a significant public health challenge globally, requiring comprehensive approaches for prevention and treatment. Almost 90% of individuals who commit suicide suffer from mental health disorders at the time of death, emphasizing the central role of psychiatry in understanding and preventing suicide. Suicidal thoughts, planning, attempts, and completed suicides exist on a continuum, with the highest suicide rates occurring within six months after an attempt and more severe attempts increasing the risk of future suicide. History plays a significant role in shaping the perception of suicide, from considering it a sin to recognizing it as a mental illness. Emile Durkheim's ground-breaking work on suicide as a social phenomenon furthered our understanding. Knowledge regarding the complexities surrounding suicide is paramount to developing effective strategies. Early detection through clinical interviews and screening tools and creating safe spaces for discussion are critical prevention measures. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions are essential for addressing underlying psychiatric disorders and reducing suicidal thoughts and behaviors. While significant progress has been made in understanding suicide risk factors and implementing prevention strategies, continued research and community engagement are imperative. Destigmatizing mental health discourse and fostering supportive environments are essential steps toward reducing the incidence of suicide and supporting individuals in distress. By embracing a holistic approach that integrates pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions, along with societal engagement, we can strive towards a future where suicide is increasingly rare, and individuals feel valued, supported, and connected.
Atrial Bigeminy, a Potential Diagnostic Clue for Glioblastoma
Authors:   Military Medicine Institute, 3-5 Institutul Medico-Militar Street, 010919, Bucharest, Romania, Stirbu Cristina Mihaela ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474, Bucharest, Romania, Teleanu Daniel ,   Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474, Bucharest, Romania,   Neurosurgery Department, Emergency and University Hospital of Bucharest, 169 Splaiul Independentei, 050098, Bucharest, Romania 4 Cardiology and Cardiovascul, Furtos Mircea ,   Neurosurgery Department, Emergency and University Hospital of Bucharest, 169 Splaiul Independentei, 050098, Bucharest, Romania, Ghica Teodora ,   Neurosurgery Department, Emergency and University Hospital of Bucharest, 169 Splaiul Independentei, 050098, Bucharest, Romania, Galrinho Ruxandra Dragoi ,   Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Emergency and University Hospital of Bucharest, 169 Splaiul Independentei, 050098, Bucharest, Romania
Published: December 2024

Glioblastoma represents the most common and aggressive primary malignant central nervous system tumor, often manifesting with unusual signs. This case report highlights a patient diagnosed with glioblastoma following an unusual cardiac presentation, with syncopes, sinus bradycardia, and atrial bigeminy. A 51-year-old female, brought to the emergency room after experiencing repeated syncope episodes, displayed neurological deficits upon examination. Noteworthy, she presented abnormal ECG showing
sinus bradycardia and atrial bigeminy. Following the diagnostic procedure, a tumor was identified with indication to surgical removal. A subtotal tumor resection was obtained and the morphopathology examination led to a glioblastoma diagnosis. Interestingly, post-operatively, the ECG was completely normalized. However, the patient experienced complications, consisting of a massive thromboembolism. While sporadic cases describe unusual glioblastoma manifestations, this report is unique in showcasing atrial bigeminy, among other ECG manifestation. The remission of atrial bigeminy post-operatively suggests its association with the glioblastoma. Tumor localization in the basal ganglia is crucial in understanding such manifestations. Idiopathic cardiac manifestations should not be disregarded, holding potential relevance in central nervous system etiology considerations.
A case report of long-term asymptomatic primary hypothyroidism treated with levothyroxine and dexamethasone
Authors:   Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL, USA, Bhatt Kinal Paresh , Rudman Larri ,   Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL, USA, Padilla Daniela Ramos ,   Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL, USA, Akbar Kamal ,   Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL, USA, Clarke Nicole ,   Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL, USA, Rahulraj Paulraj ,   Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL, USA, Michel George ,   Larkin Community Hospital, South Miami, FL, USA
Published: December 2024

Hypothyroidism is an underactive thyroid gland that is diagnosed based on the laboratory findings. The risk is higher in women over the age of 60, pregnancy, patients with a prior history of head and neck irradiation, patients with autoimmune disorders and/or type 1 diabetes, family history, positive thyroid peroxidase antibodies,
and medication adverse effects. The primary screening test for thyroid dysfunction is serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) testing. Abnormal findings will require a follow-up testing of serum thyroxine (T4). Abnormally high TSH and low T4 will confirm the diagnosis of hypothyroidism, also known as “overt” hypothyroidism. No consensus exists on the treatment threshold or better clinical outcome for hypothyroidism. Generally, a TSH level greater than 10.0 mIU/L is considered optimal for treatment initiation for symptomatic and asymptomatic hypothyroid patients. The present case emphasizes the importance of close observation in a patient with primary hypothyroidism findings and the importance of adequate treatment. When treated with thyroxine replacement, both autoimmune and nonautoimmune mechanisms of primary hypothyroidism may contribute to iatrogenic thyrotoxicosis. Levothyroxine has a very narrow therapeutic index; therefore, to avoid adverse effects of levothyroxine-induced iatrogenic thyrotoxicosis, dexamethasone was added as an adjunct medication. Dexamethasone inhibits TSH, further reducing the release of T3 and T4 from the anterior pituitary gland. We advised the patient to have an outpatient follow-up for appropriate follow-up and educated him about the importance of continuity of care for his diagnosis.
Recent Vaccines against Emerging and Tropical Infectious diseases
Authors:   Department of Medicine, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan, Mazhar Ismail , Rai Mir Muhammad ,   Department of Medicine, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan, Ahmad Abdullah ,   Department of Medicine, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan, Nadeem Natasha ,   Department of Medicine, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan, Javed Aamir Shahid ,   Department of Medicine, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan, Mumtaz Hassan ,   Department of Data Analytics, BPP University London, UK
Published: December 2024

Emerging diseases, re-emerging diseases and tropical diseases are a slowly progressing problem globally. This may in part be the result of shifting population, growing poverty, inadequate distribution of resources, or even complacency against personal hygiene. As a result of the low income and low standards of health in developing countries, they provide the perfect breeding grounds for the pathogens and parasites that are the root cause of Neglected Tropical diseases (NTDs). In the case of
emerging diseases, most are of zoonotic origin and the recent COVID-19 pandemic is a key example. However, it is not just new diseases but re-emerging diseases such as Influenza that highlight the relentless nature of these infections. Vaccines represent the ultimate safety net against these diseases by bolstering immune systems and lowering subsequent mortality and morbidity of these conditions. In fact, against diseases with high mortalities such as AIDS, Hepatitis, and Malaria, vaccine development has markedly reduced mortality and prolonged life expectancy of those afflicted with these conditions. However, this research highlights the importance of enhancing vaccine efficacy and response. The review further underscores the necessity of research, the timing of vaccine administration, effective resource management by governments, and the perception of the population. Therefore, the review offers valuable insights for the medical community and the pharmaceutical industry in improving research and management to maximize the potential of vaccines.
The Impact of Dementia on Patients with Hip Fracture
Authors:   Department of Orthopedy and Traumatology, Saint Apostle Andrew Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Galati, Romania, Bradeanu Andrei Vlad ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, Galati, Romania, Bounegru Iulian ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, Galati, Romania,   Competences Centre: Interfaces-Tribocorrosion-Electrochemical Systems, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galati, Galati, Romania, Pascu Loredana Sabina ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, Galati, Romania,   Department of Radiology, Saint John Pediatric Clinical Emergency Hospital, Galati, Romania, Ciubara Anamaria ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, Galati, Romania,   Department of Psychiatry, Hospital of Psychiatry “Elisabeta Doamna”, Galati, Romania
Published: December 2024

Hip fractures are a serious global health concern with a substantial impact on senior patients' mobility, quality of life, and morbidity. Patients with psychiatric pathology may experience heightened levels of distress, making pain management more challenging. The presence of multiple comorbidities may complicate the therapeutic management of hip fractures. Treatment plans must be carefully tailored to accommodate each individual's unique medical history and current health status.
We looked for improving pain evaluation and management in patients with dementia and choosing the best treatment according to age and comorbidities. This study highlights the mortality rate in surgically and non-surgically treated patients and possible correlations with other factors.
We conducted a prospective study on 184 patients over 60 years old, with dementia and hip fractures, between 2018 and 2020 in Romania, within the Galati County Clinical Hospital. We applied the Charlson Comorbidity Index, ACE III test, EQ5D5L, and Harris test scores to assess the comorbidities, respectively, pain levels, mobilization in daily life activities, self-care and severity of dementia to exert the optimal treatment for patients with dementia and hip fracture.
Our study pointed out that pain was frequently excruciating in non-operated patients compared to those who were operated. Most non-operated patients were immobilized in bed, they required careful and permanent care, while most of the operated patients experienced lower pain levels. While some risk factors of morbidity and mortality, such as comorbidities, severity of dementia, high age, and previous living situations are not preventable, delayed surgery, and general anesthesia risks may be
prevented.
Despite the treatment, mortality was high both at 6 months and 2 years, with increased survival rate in surgical treated patients.
Our study addresses issues such as the importance of mental state evaluation in elderly patients in therapeutic decisions, the surgical intervention and the particularities in pre- and postoperative pain control in patients with dementia, topics that are insufficiently established in the current practical uidelines.
Complexities of Dengue Fever: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features and Management Strategies
Authors:   CMH Lahore Medical and Dental College, Pakistan, Nasir Maheen , Irfan Javeria ,   CMH Lahore Medical and Dental College, Pakistan, Asif Aimen Binte ,   CMH Lahore Medical and Dental College, Pakistan, Khan Qudsia Umaira ,   CMH Lahore Medical and Dental College, Pakistan, Anwar Haleema ,   CMH Lahore Medical and Dental College, Pakistan
Published: December 2024

Dengue fever, transmitted through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitos, poses a significant global threat, particularly in the tropical and subtropical region. In
this review, we aim to summarize the existent literature on dengue virus infection and to enlighten the reader on recent advances and knowledge. Dengue virus infection can cause a spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic or mild illness to more severe and potentially lifethreatening complications. Pathogenesis of dengue is based on viral and host factors. Viral factors include NS1 antigen and genomic factors. Host factors include antibody dependent enhancement, anti-NS1 antibodies, cytokines, cross reactive T-Cell response, HLA allele variation and non-HLA mediated polymorphisms. The clinical picture of dengue is described on the basis of WHO 1997 and 2009 criteria. It is classified into dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Life-threatening complications can develop in severe cases, and this includes renal complications such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and hepatic complications such as hepatic dysfunction and in rare cases, fulminant hepatic failure. Neurological complications, cardiac complications and respiratory distress syndrome have also been reported. Treatment methods include targeting the dengue vector and Carica papaya, a natural remedy with antiviral properties. Additionally, the role of corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulins, and
mast cell inhibitors has been explored in dengue treatment, aiming to reduce severity. Novel approaches involve drugs targeting dengue proteins and host factors necessary for the virus's life cycle, offering potential avenues for more targeted therapeutic interventions. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the development of vaccines against dengue, with Sanofi Pasteur’s Dengvaxia being the first licensed vaccine approved for use. Utilizing various approaches such as recombinant proteins, viral vectors and viral like particles, various alternatives have been provided which aim to be safer substitutes to Dengvaxia while maintaining the effectiveness. A review on dengue is essential for clinicians and healthcare professionals to stay updated on diagnostics, treatment protocols and prevention strategies.
The Potential of Spirulina Powder as Feed Additive on Hepatic Histomorphometry in Peking Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)
Authors: Budiwardani Dwinanda , Sunarno Sunarno , Budiraharjo Kustopo , Isdadiyanto Sri , Jaya La Ode Irman
Published: December 2024

Providing standard feed to support and improve the growth, productivity, health, and digestibility of livestock still requires feed additives, one of which is the natural feed additive spirulina flour. Spirulina flour was one of the natural feed additives chosen because it contained bioactive compounds, had no side effects on livestock, and substitute for antibiotics for livestock, so it could increase the growth, productivity, health, and digestibility of Peking ducks. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of spirulina flour feed additive on Peking duck liver histomorphometry. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 types of spirulina flour concentration treatments (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%) and 5 replications including 5 ducks in each replication. The treatment groups included P0, P1, P2, P3, and P4. Measurement variables included liver weight, hepatosomatic index, hepatocyte and central vein diameter, and sinusoid width. The data obtained were analyzed by the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that the addition of spirulina flour as a feed additive had no effect on liver weight, hepatosomatic index, hepatocyte diameter, central vein diameter, and sinusoid width. The conclusion of this research was that added spirulina flour (Spirulina sp.) feed additive potentially maintained the histomorphometry of the Peking duck liver organ.
Identification of Ticks Infesting Cattle in Konya Region and Investigation of the Presence of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Ticks
Authors: Kaya Yavuz , Palanci Hasan Sercan , Uslu Ugur , Bulut Oya
Published: December 2024

Aim: This study was designed to identify the tick species infesting cattle in the southern region of Konya and to investigate the presence of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in these ticks. Materials and Methods: Tick samples were obtained from 60 cattle selected from 30 farms, where tick infestations were macroscopically observed in the livestock. The presence of CCHF was investigated molecularly by RT-PCR method. Ticks infesting 60 cattle from 30 farms located in the five designated study areas (Karabayır, Karacahisar, Arslantaş, Kozağaç, and Kayapınar neighborhoods) were collected. The collected ticks were identified to species. Results: A total of 117 ticks were identified, with 111 (94.87%) identified as Hyalomma marginatum, 3 (2.56%) identified as Hyalomma excavatum, and 3 (2.56%) identified as Dermacentor marginatus. In the RT-PCR analysis conducted on 35 pools of ticks (considering tick species, sex, and collection area), no presence of the CCHF virus was detected. Conclusion: The identification of the majority of the ticks in this study as Hyalomma marginatum is noteworthy. The identification of Hyalomma marginatum as the vector of the CCHF disease in Türkiye is indicative of increasing concerns. Molecular and serological evidence showing the presence of the CCHF virus in the region, albeit limited, indicates that more comprehensive studies related to the disease are necessary.
The Correlation between Neopterin, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative DNA Damage in Sheep with Natural Babesiosis
Authors: Cetin Sedat , Komuroglu Ahmet Ufuk , Yuksek Veysel , Dede Semiha , Kilinc Ozlem Orunc , Yuksek Nazmi
Published: December 2024

Aim: The present study was designed to investigate the correlation between neopterin, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and DNA damage in sheep naturally infected with babesiosis. Materials and Methods: The study included 40 sheep Akkaraman, 1-3 years aged, with 20 healthy individuals (control group) and 20 naturally infected with babesiosis (patient group). Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein into biochemical tubes from all sheep. The cause of the disease was confirmed through smear tests and PCR analysis. Neopterin, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG) levels were measured using an ELISA method. Results: Neopterin and 8-OHdG levels were significantly lower in the control group compared to the patient group (P<0.05). Although myeloperoxidase were higher in the patient group, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05) Conclusion: In this study, a significant increase in neopterin and oxidative DNA damage, which are indicators of an immunological response, was observed in sheep with babesiosis. Neopterin in particular can be considered as an important marker of the immunological response to babesiosis
Determination of Physical-Mechanical Properties of Leek Plant (Allium porrum L.)
Authors: Yılmaz Deniz , Gökduman Mehmet Emin
Published: December 2024

Leek is a vegetable grown towards the end of summer and harvested during fall, found commonly in Asian diet and grown commonly throughout the world. Consumed both fresh and dry, mechanical properties of leek plant need to be well-known with regards to the studies related to it’s production, processing, packaging, transport and agricultural mechanization applications. The purpose of this study is to define the physical and mechanical properties of leek plant (Allium porrum L.) used for agricultural purposes in Turkey.
Conducted with different types of knifes (smooth, serrated) and different shearing angles (30, 45, 60°), shearing force, bio-yield force, rupture force, energy in rupture force, deformation, shearing stress, stress in rupture force, stiffness values have been determined for 3 different sections of leek plant. Furthermore, colour measurements have been performed for each section of leek plan at 3 different heights.
The highest shearing, bioyield force and rupture force values have been defined respectively as 66.27±3.52, 53.02±2.82 and 48.15±33.71 N during the shearing made with a smooth knife. Highest consumed energy value has been defined as 1.10±0.09 J in the studies conducted with smooth knife while the lowest value has been defined as 0.23±0.12 J in the studies carried out with serrated knife. The lowest deformation value has been defined as 25.37±1.18 mm in the experiments performed at 45° knife angle with a serrated knife.