bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Caesarean Section on Women’s Reproductive Function
Authors: Sartbaev T.
Published: June 2023

Caesarean section is the most common delivery operation worldwide, its frequency continues to grow and does not tend to decrease. The issues of the optimal frequency of Caesarean section are constantly discussed by obstetrician-gynecologists and healthcare professionals. Advances in the field of anesthesiology, antibiotic therapy, neonatology have created conditions for a relatively safe operative delivery, but this does not mean that natural childbirth should be refused and switched to operative delivery, which should be performed strictly for medical indications. The problem of the high frequency of caesarean sections and its impact on demographic indicators (fertility, maternal and perinatal mortality), the reproductive health of the female population, the mental health of the future generation (children extracted by surgery), and the qualifications of obstetricians and gynecologists are raised. At the end of the 20th - beginning of the 21st century, two trends emerged in medicine and healthcare that can and are already affecting human evolution, especially its reproduction: these are assisted reproductive technologies and the ever-increasing frequency of caesarean sections. Moreover, both of these trends are interrelated, since pregnancies resulting from assisted reproductive technologies, for the most part, end in an operative way. The problem of preserving the reproductive function of women after surgical interventions in obstetrics and gynecology has now acquired great social and medical significance.

Кесарево сечение является наиболее распространенной родоразрешающей операцией во всем мире, частота ее продолжает расти и не имеет тенденции к снижению. Вопросы оптимальной частоты КС постоянно дискутируются акушерами-гинекологами и специалистами здравоохранения. Достижения в области анестезиологии, антибактериальной терапии, неонатологии создали условия для относительно безопасного оперативного родоразрешения, однако это не означает, что следует отказываться от естественных родов и переходить на оперативное родоразрешение, выполнение которого должно производиться строго по медицинским показаниям. Поднимается проблема высокой частоты кесаревых сечений и ее влияние на демографические показатели (рождаемость, материнскую и перинатальную смертность), репродуктивное здоровье женского населения, психическое здоровье будущего поколения (детей, извлеченных оперативным путем), квалификацию акушеров-гинекологов. В конце XX – начале XXI века в медицине и здравоохранении обозначились две тенденции, которые могут повлиять и уже влияют на эволюцию человека, особенно его воспроизводство: это вспомогательные репродуктивные технологии и все возрастающая частота кесарева сечения. Причем обе эти тенденции взаимосвязаны, поскольку беременность, возникшая с применением вспомогательных репродуктивных технологий, в большинстве своем заканчивается оперативным путем. Проблема сохранения репродуктивной функции женщин после хирургических вмешательств в акушерстве и гинекологии приобрела в настоящее время большое социальное и медицинское значение.
Experimental Study on Unidirectional Flow Characteristics of Flow Diode
Authors: Wu Liang , Wang Bao Liang
Published: June 2023

Flow diode is a kind of control fluid one-way flow of components, it has many advantages, such as simple structure, no rotating parts, no need for external control, power, high reliability, in the medical industry, nuclear industry, petrochemical industry, flow diode has a wide range of applications. By studying relevant literature, combined with the actual situation, based on the experimental study method, using air pump, pressure regulator, 3 d printers and other laboratory equipment, by changing the pump seal the air inlet, simulation of different flow diode under different conditions make the fluid flow through, will pump displacement into displacement, record each air inlet in unit time displacement, and then compared these data, the flow is obtained by carefully analyzing the flow characteristics of diode and the relationship between the fluid flow characteristics diode, it is concluded that: the displacement increases with increase of voltage; when the aperture changes, the flow diode will produce important changes; unstable flow characteristics of variable diameter flow diode.
Design of Performance Test System for Water-Water and Carbon Dioxide Compressed Air Microchannel Heat Exchanger
Authors: Wan Shiqing , Qian Zhipeng , Wu Yiwei , Luo Limei
Published: June 2023

As a new type of heat exchanger with compact structure and efficient performance, microchannel heat exchangers have good application prospects in industries with strict requirements such as energy and power, petrochemical, aerospace, and other industries. Therefore, exploring the performance and heat transfer characteristics of microchannel heat exchangers is of great significance. This article designs a performance testing system that can simultaneously explore the enhanced heat transfer inside the pipeline of water water and carbon dioxide compressed air microchannel heat exchangers. The variable working fluid circuit design is used to analyze the factors that affect the enhanced heat transfer. The Control variates is used to control the heat transfer conditions, explore the difference of heat transfer performance between different working fluids under different flow rates, inlet temperatures and other conditions, and analyze the heat transfer performance of different channel types by comparison method. The results indicate that when the hot water flow rate range is 2.063×10-5~2.556×10-5m3/s, Re<2320, and under the same flow rate conditions, the Nu of the 3.6 mm inner diameter microchannel is significantly higher than that of the 6.6 mm inner diameter microchannel. When the inlet flow range is 2.063×10-5~2.556 ×10-5m3/s, the Reynolds number and Nusselt number in the pipeline increase with the increase of inlet flow. In the carbon dioxide compressed air heat transfer experiment, when the flow rate range is 2.810×10-4~3.182×10-4m3/s, the Nusselt number and convective heat transfer coefficient of the 3.6mm inner diameter microchannel are always greater than the Nusselt number and convective heat transfer coefficient of 6.6mm. When the pipe diameter is the same, the water water microchannel heat exchanger has better heat transfer performance and smaller pressure drop compared to the carbon dioxide compressed air microchannel heat exchanger.
Simplification and Verification of O-xylene Fuel Mechanism
Authors: Hou Ruida
Published: June 2023

The increasing demand for energy due to economic globalization has led to the exploration of different types of fuels, including aromatic hydrocarbon fuels. Xylene is an essential aromatic hydrocarbon fuel and an important component of kerosene. This study employs the error propagation directed relationship diagram (DRGEP) and sensitivity analysis (SA) to simplify the reaction mechanism of o-xylene. The ignition delay time and laminar flame velocity predicted by the fuel mechanism under different w375orking conditions are compared with pre-simplified experimental data. The study proposes a mechanism consisting of 298 reactions and 64 components to describe the combustion reaction of xylene. The simplified mechanism's ability to reproduce experimental results is assessed, and the results reveal that the simplified mechanism effectively reproduces the experimental results, indicating its potential usefulness in practical applications. This study has significant implications for the development of more efficient and sustainable energy sources. By providing insights into the combustion behavior of xylene, researchers can develop more accurate models for predicting the performance of this fuel under a range of conditions. This, in turn, can inform the development of new technologies that can help meet the growing demand for energy in a more sustainable and environmentally friendly way. Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of the combustion behavior of xylene, highlighting its potential as a sustainable energy source and offering a potential avenue for further research in this field.
Creativity of Neural Networks: Risks and Opportunities for Modern Designers
Authors: Zelenova Yu. , Manaeva S.
Published: June 2023

In connection with the large-scale development of artificial intelligence in all spheres of human activity, the article discusses the problems and prospects for the use of neural networks in the work of professional designers. The aim of the study is to identify risks and find optimal directions for the use of neural networks in graphic and fashion design based on the advantages of artificial intelligence. The objectives of the study include the analysis of the work and types of artificial neural networks, the search and selection of neural networks for this study, the development of queries for neural networks in accordance with the goal, the analysis and formulation of strengths and weaknesses in the work of neural networks for their application in the field of design. The basis of the functioning of neural networks is the principle of constructing a unique image based on the selection and generation of a large number of ready-made images uploaded to the database, created by professional designers from around the world. Since the neural network is an adapted biological model of the neural network, it is capable of remembering its own errors in the process of work and their subsequent correction, that is capable of learning. The neural network is trained using special machine learning methods. The following conclusions can be formulated as prospects for using neural networks for design. The lack of the ability of neural networks to cultivate their own author’s style and the impossibility of developing innovations in design does not allow to completely replace human labor. Work with the use of neural networks will be more efficient due to the intensification of solving typical design problems and freeing up time for the designer to create and improve new ideas.
Measures to Reduce Industrial Injuries in Organizations
Authors: Veretennikova N. , Eremenko K. , Soboleva M.
Published: June 2023

In recent years, experts have noted a downward trend in the level of industrial injuries both in general and in individual industries. But this trend is still not stable enough. According to Rosstat, considering the dynamics by the criterion of industrial injuries, the situation in Russia in 2021 worsened somewhat compared to previous periods. The paper reflects the main organizational measures to reduce industrial injuries, in particular the introduction of the concept of VisionZero.
Legislative Attacks on the Prosecutor’s Office of the Kyrgyz Republic as Evidence of the Absence of a Certain Scientifically Based Position of State Policy in the Field of Crime Prevention
Authors: Imankulov T.
Published: June 2023

The author seeks to show how the unreasonable proposals of individual deputies of the Parliament (Jogorku Kenesh) of the Kyrgyz Republic in the form of relevant legislative initiatives to deprive the prosecutor of the authority to initiate and investigate a criminal case actually nullify the active participation of the prosecutor’s office in the fight against crime. International documents and the logic of adversarial criminal proceedings in the Kyrgyz Republic unequivocally testify in favor of the prosecutor’s independent decision on the issue of criminal prosecution. The author is a consistent supporter of the idea that the official position, the level of professional training, the high degree of responsibility for the assigned case make it possible to see in the prosecutor a representative of the country's law enforcement system, capable of solving the most difficult tasks of ensuring the rule of law, including those related to the implementation of the function of criminal prosecution, especially at such a time of crisis for the Kyrgyz economy, when it is absolutely inexpedient and groundless to create any pseudo analogies of the Financial Police or the Investigative Committee.
The Evolution of Regulatory Policy for Conservation and Protection of Natural and Cultural Heritages in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Dzhumagulov A. , Tukubasheva A. , Kadyrov Ch.
Published: June 2023

The article provides a brief overview of the evolution and features of regulatory policy for conservation and protection of natural and cultural heritages in Kyrgyzstan, the role of UNESCO and international conventions in improving national legislation on protection of natural and cultural heritages.
Development and Implementation of Environmental Projects as Part of Social Responsibility of Modern Business
Authors: Rakhova M.
Published: June 2023

The article considers the subjects, objects and features of socio-environmental project management, identifies internal and external reasons for the initiation of social projects. Market, social, organizational and strategic effects in the activities of the organization from the implementation of socio-environmental projects are defined. Examples of implementation of successful social-ecological projects are resulted. Tasks and strategic objectives of the companies in the field of realization of ecological projects within the policy of social responsibility are formulated.
PERHITUNGAN STABILITAS LERENG TUBUH EMBUNG LOHIA MENGGUNAKAN PROGRAM GEO STUDIO 2018
Authors: Ahmad Idul Adha Zulhijja , Sulha Sulha , Muriadin Muriadin , Rustan Fathur Rahman
Published: June 2023

Embung Lohia terletak di Desa Waara, Kecamatan Lohia, Kabupaten Muna, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Secara geografis terletak antara 4o6’5o15’ Lintang Selatan dan 120o123o24’ Bujur Timur. Pembangunan embung ini merupakan salah satu alternatif pemecahan masalah sebagai pemanenan aliran permukaan dan air hujan, juga sebagai resapan yang akan mempertinggi kandungan air tanah. Tujuan pembangunan embung lohia ini, sebagai penyediaan air pada musim kemarau dan kebutuhan air tani masyarakat di Kecamatan Lohia, khususnya Desa Waara. Pada pembangunan embung ini tentunya, mempunyai potensi yang membahayakan, sehingga membangun embung berarti pula membangun suatu bangunan yang beresiko tinggi. Resiko kegagalan embung merupakan ancaman bahaya yang tidak dapat dielakkan. Namun karena pentingnya kestabilan lereng agar tidak terjadinya segala hal yang tidak di inginkan seperti kelongsoran, maka perlunya analisis kestabilan lereng itu sendiri. Hasil penelitianmenunjukan terdapat perubahan nilaisafety factor(SF) pada saat kondisi eksisting, muka air kosong, muka air normal dan muka air maksimum. SF pada kondisi eksisting untuk muka air kosong metode Morgenstern-Price : 2.128, muka air Normal : 1.676 dan muka air maksimum : 1.276.
METODE PELAKSANAAN LAPIS PERMUKAAN AC – BC PADA PEKERJAAN JALAN WAWOTOBI – POHARA (Studi Kasus: Jalan Wawotobi – Pohara, Kab. Konawe – Sulawesi Tenggara)
Authors: Jumardin Jumardin , Nasrul Nasrul , Nashrun Mappa
Published: June 2023

Pada ruas jalan Wawotobi - Pohara yang mengalami kerusakan dengan kondisi jalan lama dengan menggunakan perkerasan lentur yang kemudian diadakan proyek  peningkatan jalan oleh Dinas Pembangunan Umum Kota Kendari melalui penyedia jasa PT. PATRIOT JAYA PRATAMA. Seperti kita ketahui bersama bahwa untuk membangun suatu sarana transportasi memerlukan metode yang benar dan tepat, oleh karena itu diperlukan perencaan konstruksi jalan dan perancanaan pekerjaan jalan yang optimal dan memenuhi syarat teknis menurut  fungsi, volume maupun sifat lalu lintas sehingga pembangunan konstruksi tersebut dapat berguna maksimal bagi perkembangan daerah sekitarnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetehui pelaksanaan pekerjaan lapis permukaan AC- BC pada projek peningkatan jalan Wawotobi – Pohara serta mengefaluasi apakah metode pelaksanaan jalan pada projek peningkatan jalan Wawotobi – Pohara sudah sesuai dengan spesifikasi bina marga  2018. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di lapangan  metode pelaksanaan lapis permukaan AC-BC pada pekerjaan jalan Wawotobi – Pohara, tidak memenuhi  standar Spesifikasi Bina Marga 2018 seperti proses pengangkutan yang tidak di tutupi terpal,  Menurut SNI penggunaan terpal pada pengangkutan material penting untuk menjaga temperatur suhu aspal yang ada dalam dump truck.
PERHITUNGAN STABILITAS DAN PENANGANAN LERENG (Studi Kasus: Jalan Budi Utomo Baru - Simpang Tiga Dangga, Kota Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara)
Authors: Alawia Tuti , Sulha Sulha , Sarita Umran
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab dan mekanisme terjadinya instabilitas lereng, dan mengetahui solusi penanggulangan yang efektif berdasarkan karakteristik lokasi studi Jalan Budi Utomo Simpang Tiga Dangga kelurahan abeli , kecematan abeli, kota Kendari. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan hasil analisis stabilitas lereng dengan perkuatan talud menggunakan geoslope pada ketinggian 6 meter di temukan nilai factor keamanan (FK) lereng asli yaitu 1,021 dan factor keamanan (FK) lereng dengan   menggunakan talud yaitu 1,605.
Evaluasi Jaringan Perpipaan Air Bersih Kelurahan Labuan Kecamatan Wakorumba Utara Kabupaten Buton Utara (Studi Kasus: Jaringan Irigasi Kambara, Kecamatan Sawerigading, Kabupaten Muna Barat)
Authors: Satriadi Agus , Talanipa Romy , Rachman Ranno Marlany , Rustan Fathur Rahman
Published: June 2023

Kelurahan Labuan memiliki sistem penyediaan air bersih yang merupakan program swasembada yang dilakukan pemerintah Kelurahan Labuan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebutuhan air di Kelurahan Labuan pada tahun 2021 sampai dengan tahun 2025 dan menganalisis serta merencanakan diameter pipa jaringan distribusi air bersih. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian melalui Kuesioner, Wawancara, dan menganalisis jaringan distribusi air bersih enggunakan software Epanet 2.0. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan Real Demand Survey (RDS) standar pelayanan di bidang air minum kebutuhan air bersih domestik dan non domestik untuk (2021) di dapatkan sebesar 0,6447 Liter/Detik. Dan lima tahun kedepan (2025) di dapatkan sebesar 0,6740 liter/detik. Berdasarkan simulasi Epanet 2.0 terdapat perubahan diameter pipa yang digunakan, yaitu pada pipa P2 hingga pipa P22.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN FLY ASH TERHADAP NILAI KUAT TEKAN BEBAS PADA PASIR HALUS DAN PASIR KASAR DENGAN DERAJAT KEJENUHAN 50%, 70%, 100%
Authors: Pundissing Renaldy , Simatupang Minson , Minmahddun Anafi
Published: June 2023

Tanah merupakan dasar dari suatu konstruksi bangunan sipil yang menerima dan menahan beban dari suatu struktur diatasnya. Agregat halus merupakan pengisi yang berupa pasir. Ukurannya bervariasi antara ukuran no. 4 dan no. 100 saringan standar Amerika. Abu Terbang (fly ash) merupakan limbah berbahan bakar batu bara yang dikategorikan sebagai limbah berbahaya (Maryoto, 2008). Kuat tekan bebas (qu) adalah harga tegangan aksial maksimum yang dapat ditahan oleh suatu benda uji berbentuk silindris (dalam hal ini sampel tanah) sebelum mengalami keruntuhan geser (ASTM D2166-06). Pengujian ini bertujuan  untuk mengetahui nilai kuat tekan bebas pasir halus dan pasir kasar dengan campuran fly ash pada saat kadar air jenuh dengan uji kuat tekan bebas dengan persentase fly ash 20% dengan  variasi  derajat kejenuhan  50%,  70%,  100%  dan  lama  pemeraman  7,  28,  56  dan  84 hari.
Imaging diagnosis of intracranial atherosclerosis stenosis-related large vessel occlusion before and during endovascular therapy
Authors: Yoshimoto Takeshi
Published: June 2023

It is becoming increasingly important to identify the type of stroke, especially the mechanism of occlusion, before and during its treatment. In the case of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis-related large vessel occlusion, it is necessary to develop a treatment strategy that includes not only mechanical thrombectomy but also adjunctive therapies such as primary or rescue therapy (percutaneous angioplasty, intracranial/carotid stenting, local fibrinolysis) and perioperative antithrombotic therapy. However, in clinical practice we often encounter cases where it is difficult to identify the occlusive mechanism before endovascular treatment because of insufficient information in the minimal circumstances of the hyperacute phase of stroke. Here we focus on the imaging diagnosis before and during treatment of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis-related large vessel occlusion with in situ thrombotic occlusion as the mechanism of thrombotic occlusion, based on previous reports. We describe the diagnosis of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis-related large vessel occlusion from the perspectives of “thrombus imaging,” “perfusion,” and “occlusion margin.”
The influence of different levels of physical activity and sports performance on the accuracy of dynamic lower limbs balance assessment among Chinese physical education college students
Authors: Huang Xuejuan , Yan Zhiyang , Ma Yong , Liu Hua
Published: June 2023

Background: Balance ability is the basis of human actions. Improving the accuracy of dynamic balance assessment can increase the efficiency of sports injury prediction.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate how physical activity and sports performance affect the dynamic balance ability of lower limbs and validate whether the Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test (YBT-LQ) is a reliable predictor of sports injury risk among Chinese physical education college students.

Materials and Methods: In total, 169 voluntary participants completed the YBT-LQ at the beginning of a semester and provided some physiological information and an injury report at the end of the semester. The correlation between YBT-LQ performance and selected factors that can affect the dynamic balance control was analyzed based on data statistics. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and the area under curve (AUC) of the composite scores of the YBT-LQ were calculated to explore an optimal cutoff value for predicting sports injury risk.

Results: The composite scores of the YBT-LQ exhibited strong correlations with both the sports performance level and sports injury, as well as a moderate correlation with physical activity level, age (negative), and metabolic equivalent (MET). In the entire study population, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the binary classification of composite YBT-LQ scores of the left and right legs to predict sports injury risk were 0.78 and 0.74, respectively. Stratifying the study participants based on their levels of physical activity and sports performance had an effect on the AUC values of ROC curves. The optimal cutoff scores of the YBT-LQ for predicting sports injury risk were variable, with values more or less than 95%. Specifically, the cutoff scores for participants with the highest level of sports performance were notably higher, reaching up to 106.5% (left) and 107.2% (right).

Conclusion: Physical activity and sports performance can influence human dynamic balance control. Composite scores of the YBT-LQ can be used with acceptable efficiency to predict sports injury. Stratifying participants based on their levels of physical activity and sports performance leads to different optimal cutoff values of the YBT-LQ composite scores in predicting sports injury. This approach is preferable to relying solely on a uniform 95% cutoff. It is recommended to analyze individuals with higher levels of sports performance, such as elite athletes, separately from those with lower levels. This is because the former group has a higher optimal cutoff value compared to the latter.
Cultural accommodation of internet-based interventions for substance use and related disorders: a proposed comprehensive framework based on a pilot study and a literature review
Authors: Gueta Keren , Harel-Fisch Yossi , Walsh Sophie D.
Published: June 2023

Despite the low utilization rates of substance use and related disorders services, and the ability of internet-based interventions for substance use and related disorders (IBIS) to address challenges related to service engagement, limited attention has been placed on the processes for the accommodation of these interventions to diverse cultural settings. This study aimed to develop a framework for the cultural accommodation of IBIS across populations based on a pilot study and a literature review. A pilot study of cultural accommodation of an existing internet intervention for alcohol use was carried out in Israel, which involved focus groups and daily online surveys of prospective consumers (N = 24) as well as interviews with experts (N = 7) in the substance abuse treatment field. Thematic analysis revealed a range of themes that relate to the general Israeli culture and the specific Israeli drinking subculture, identified as needing to be addressed in the process of intervention accommodation. A comprehensive framework for cultural accommodation of IBIS is suggested, consisting of five stages: Technical and cultural feasibility; Engagement of target group; Identification of accommodation variables, Accommodation, and evaluation of the accommodated intervention. In addition, the framework consists of four dimensions of accommodation: Barriers and facilitators; Audio-visual materials and language; Mechanisms of change; Intersectional factors. We suggest that the proposed framework may serve as a guide for the cultural accommodation of existing internet-based interventions for substance use and related disorders across a range of cultural and geographical settings, thus augmenting the ecological validity of internet-based interventions for substance use and related disorders, expanding cross-cultural intervention research, and reducing health disparities worldwide.
Assessment of Using UAV Photogrammetry Based DEM and Ground-Measurement Based DEM in Computer-Assisted Forest Road Design
Authors: TAŞ İnanç , KASKA Mehmet Sait , AKAY Abdullah Emin
Published: June 2023

Computer-assisted forest road design mainly relies on a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM), which provides terrain data for supporting the analysis of road design features. The resolution and accuracy of the DEM in representing the terrain structures vary depending on the preferred dataset, which then reflects some of the essential road features such as alignment, road slope, and earthwork. In this study, three forest road sections were designed by using high-resolution DEMs generated from UAV photogrammetry data, GNSS-GPS data and Total Station data. NetCAD 7.6 software, developed in Turkey and mostly used in road design applications, was used to perform the road design while calculating horizontal profiles, vertical profiles, curves, cross sections, and earthwork. The DEM generation capabilities for three datasets were compared based on spatial resolution, data collection and data processing stage. Then, the differences between three road sections were evaluated by considering specified road features such as alignment properties, road slope, and earthwork. The results indicated that the UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) based DEM generation method provided the highest resolution (10 cm), followed by the Total Station (56 cm) and GNSS-GPS (61 cm) based methods. When comparing the time for data collection procedure, it took 14 minutes, 70 minutes, and 110 minutes for UAV data, GNSS-GPS data, and Total Station data, respectively. On the other hand, UAV based method falls into a disadvantageous situation in data processing stage, due to high data processing time (3 hours). However, GNSS-GPS and Total Station based methods work only with spatial point data, so they require less processing time of 15 minutes and 25 minutes, respectively. The results indicated that road lengths were 294.8, 272.4 and 282.1 m and the average road slopes were 3.41%, 3.39%, and 3.31% for the road sections designed by using UAV, GNSS-GPS, and Total Station based DEMs, respectively. The excavation and landfill volumes were 369.16 m3 and 166.98 m3, 285.86 m3 and 201.83 m3, and 433.17 m3 and 183.95 m3, respectively. The results indicated that UAV photogrammetry data generates high-resolution DEMs that can be effectively used to design forest roads.
Laboratory measurements on replaceable jack-up systems
Authors: Hunt Bradlay , Rodrigues Marina
Published: June 2023

Floating floor systems are part of state-of-the-art modern building technology. They are an efficient option to improve the acoustical performance of buildings and can be part of box-in-box systems installed in high-performance spaces. There are many types of high-performance floating
floor types, one of which is a jack-up system that guarantees that the floor is decoupled from the structural floor. With these systems, once the concrete has cured, the isolated slab is raised off the structure to the required void depth using pre-cast boxes. These boxes allow for easy adjustment
of the final floor height and, if the use of the room or load conditions change in the future, can also allow the replacement of the isolators inside them. Replaceable and inspectable acoustical floor systems are perceived as systems with lower sound insulation (airborne noise) than traditional
floating floor or non-replaceable jack-up systems. To measure airborne sound reduction and impact noise isolation of replaceable jack-up systems and confirm factors that can influence its performance, CDM Stravitec invested in a testing campaign, where measurements were made considering many
variables, such as: concrete floating slab thickness; bearings type, air void depth, steel lid installed on top of each box and insulation material installed in the air void. This paper will present the
Students' feedback on the use of low-cost, portable and safe hands-on tools in teaching and demonstrating noise pollution at a historically black university
Authors: Abiodun Pelumi , Olude Adebayo , Owolabi Oludare , James-Okeke Petronella
Published: June 2023

Dynamism of using pedagogy to teach concepts related to noise engineering at undergraduate level can fuel leaners desire to find a career opportunity in the field. This study aimed to investigate the impact of low-cost, portable, and safe hands-on tools used in teaching and demonstrating
noise pollution at a historically black university (HBCU). The study was conducted among undergraduate students at one HBCU, and feedback was obtained regarding the device and the pedagogy using a 5-scale Likert questionnaire. The purpose of the study was to improve teaching pedagogy by assessing
the impact of the tools on teaching and learning. The feedback from the students showed that the tool was well accepted and provided learners with an advantage in understanding noise pollution. Additionally, the engagement of students in class improved as a result of the use of the tool. The
findings suggest that the use of low-cost, portable, and safe hands-on tools can enhance the teaching and learning of noise pollution and other related topics. This study highlights the importance of evaluating teaching and learning pedagogy to improve the quality of education.
Pickleball Sound 103 - Mitigating Pickleball Sound - Is Pickleball Compatible with Residential Environments?
Authors: Wyerman Barry , Unetich Robert
Published: June 2023

The popularity of pickleball has created many avid players seeking more pickleball courts in community parks, apartment complexes, homeowners' associations, country clubs, and residential neighborhoods. Existing tennis courts are often used for both tennis and pickleball. Nearby residents
accustomed to sounds from tennis will hear a louder sound from pickleball and a sound with different tonal qualities. Depending on the sound level and the distance from the pickleball court, pickleball sound can be a source of annoyance. Several explanations are given why community noise ordinances
fail to properly address pickleball sounds. Sound mitigation strategies for pickleball play are described that follow traditional approaches for noise control at the source, along the path, and at the receiver. These approaches include use of commercially available acoustical materials, reorientation
of courts, preferred paddles and balls, new site locations, and play schedules. The expected noise reductions for each option are outlined to help determine if pickleball noise can be compatible with residential environments. Estimates of minimum distances from courts where pickleball sound
will not be an annoyance are made considering the background sound and the sound mitigation in place.
Frequency reduction and attenuation of the tire air cavity mode due to a porous lining
Authors: Choo Kyosung , Choi Won Hong , Song Guochenhao , Bolton J.
Published: June 2023

The tire air cavity mode is known to be a significant source of vehicle structure-borne road noise near 200 Hz. A porous lining placed on the inner surface of a tire is an effective countermeasure to attenuate that resonance. The two noticeable effects of such a lining are the sound
pressure attenuation and the frequency reduction of the air cavity mode. In this paper, through both analytical and numerical methods, the mechanism of the effects of porous lining was studied. A two-dimensional duct-shaped analytical model and a tire-shaped numerical model were built to investigate
the lined tire in conjunction with the Johnson-Champoux-Allard model describing the visco-inertial dissipative effects of the porous material. Design parameters of the porous lining were controlled to study their impact and optimal ranges of the design parameters were suggested. Finally, in
experimental analysis, the sound attenuation and the frequency drop were observed in measurements of force, acceleration, and sound pressure. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the suggested analytical and numerical models successfully predict the effect of porous lining and that the
frequency reduction results from the decreased sound speed within the tire owing to the presence of the liner.
Classification of SUAS propellers with auditory feature extraction methods
Authors: Mobley Frank
Published: June 2023

A measurement of one stock and three custom designed propellers was conducted with the United States Air Force Academy. The measurement consisted of a constant radius arc, and a radial array to examine acoustic attributes as a function of distance and angle. During the measurement activity
the experimenters' observed that each propeller possessed different audio attributes that assisted in distinguishing the stock from any of the custom propellers. To adequately explore attributes beyond the propeller's A-weighted level as a function of thrust, a timbre and sound quality analysis
were conducted. These auditory feature extraction methods were combined with a fractional octave analysis into a database for machine learning classification analysis. The new baseline propeller is distinguished by the acoustic roughness alone, but the other blade designs require additional
timbre features to be segregated from the stock propeller.
Quiet spacecraft cabin ventilation fan: aerodynamic measurements results
Authors: Stephens David , Koch Lisa
Published: June 2023

A metal spacecraft cabin ventilation fan suitable for aerodynamic and acoustic ground tests was designed and two copies of the fan assembly were fabricated. Both fans were tested for aerodynamic performance and acoustic levels in the NASA Glenn Research Center Acoustical Testing Laboratory.
A new test rig for small axial flow fans was designed to accommodate the instrumentation and back-pressure adjustments. Measurements acquired were from: static pressures for measuring performance, a 72-channel in-duct microphone array, external microphone measurements for acoustics, and inter-stage
hot wire measurements of the fan wake. This report documents the aerodynamic measurements as part of a series of reports.
Sens i-Lab: a key facility to expand the traditional approaches in experimental acoustics
Authors: Maffei Luigi , Masullo Massimiliano
Published: June 2023

Recent advances in developing new tools and miniaturised devices to measure, analyse, model and simulate existing or future projects are more and more influencing the way to investigate and solve problems of various disciplines fostering deep changes in the research paradigms toward
human-centred, multisensory and multidisciplinary approaches. In acoustics, beyond the negative effect of noise on individuals and its mitigation, researchers are even more interested in investigating how the complexity of the multisensory environment modulates the individuals' holistic experience.
To this aim, the Department of the Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" has built the Sens i-Lab, a key facility integrating, in a single test room, the simulation and control of the physical environment (acoustics, vision, lighting, microclimate, IAQ)
with advanced systems for simulation of virtual environments. To complement the simulation and control of the stimuli, the Sens i-Lab is equipped with a set of systems and devices for motion tracking, for the measurement of the biofeedback signals (EEG, EDA, HRV, VAF) and their association
with environmental stimuli and self-reported psychological measures of people well-being. Taking advantage of the Sens i-Lab setting, new research fields and applications in acoustics are possible. Some of them are presented.
Noise modeling of short safety barriers in FHWA's updated Traffic Noise Model (TNM) version 3.1
Authors: Lodico Dana
Published: June 2023

Solid safety barriers are commonly constructed along highways. These barriers improve highway safety by preventing collisions and providing separation from slopes or adjacent hazards such as deep water. For elevated and at-grade roadways, shorter barriers have also been shown to noticeably
reduce traffic noise. In prior research, modeling methods were developed and evaluated for their ability to accurately calculate the performance of short barriers in reducing traffic noise at the wayside. The modeling results were compared to available field data and to the results of FHWA's
Traffic Noise Model version 2.5 (TNM). This paper extends the prior research to compare the results to the newest FHWA TNM version, 3.1.
Wind noise performance prediction based on deep learning approach with vehicle exterior snapshot images
Authors: Lee Jongwon , Lee Sung Hee , Park Sang Jin , Kim Seong Bum , Kim Taeyeon , Mok Chunghyup , Jeong Jae Yoon , Seok Heesoo , Ih Kang-Duck
Published: June 2023

Wind noise is one of the most important factor in vehicle development, and it is significantly influenced by the exterior design. The exterior design is changed many times throughout the development process, therefore it's very inefficient to make prototypes or to perform CFD simulations.
Our CFD simulation accuracy has been improved over many years through validation studies and it's now the most trustful source however it has limitation on a long simulation time. In this research, a method to efficiently create a training data set to develop a CNN Deep learning model based
on exterior images is proposed. First, CFD simulation has been performed several times with changing wind noise influence factors, and a meta-model is created based on these initial simulations. This meta-model creates various vehicle shapes, and calculates wind noise simulation results. After
that, CNN DL model is created based on the images that has been created by the meta-model which best express the wind noise influence factor. This model promptly predicts the wind noise performances and verified through CFD simulation. Through this research, we were able to predict wind noise
only with images, hence validated the possibility of general use that can be applied to various vehicles.
Quiet Spacecraft Cabin Ventilation Fan: Vibration Measurements Results
Authors: Stephens David , Goodman Jonathan , Shook Tony , Koch Lisa
Published: June 2023

Quiet, efficient fans with minimal vibrations are needed to maximize the mechanical life of atmospheric revitalization system fans used for human life support systems for long duration space exploration missions. Several metal spacecraft cabin ventilation fan prototypes have been designed,
built, and tested at the NASA Glenn Research Center Acoustical Testing Laboratory. Tests performed in 2021 of the first prototype of the metal fan measured vibrations greater than desired at design point speed and backpressure conditions. To try to reduce those vibrations, a second prototype
of the fan design was developed which included a new lighter rotor with a tighter balance tolerance, a new collet to attach the rotor to the motor shaft more securely and repeatably, and a new bracket to center and hold the motor in the fan centerbody more precisely. The second prototype of
the fan was tested in 2023 and the vibrations were measured with the fan operating at design point speeds in isolation but not throttled to design point back pressure conditions since it was not installed with inlet and exhaust ducting. Peak vibration was reduced from 4 mm/s to 1 mm/s. This
paper is part of a series of reports documenting the performance of the prototype fan.
Acoustic Dissipation and Modal Coupling in Server Computers
Authors: Oppenheimer Charles
Published: June 2023

Interest in the interior acoustics of server computers is growing as noise generated by air movers (fans) is increasingly observed to impact the performance of hard disk drives (HDD) inside these computers. In a typical server, a backplane cavity is located between an array of air movers
and an array of HDD such that the HDD may be within a fan diameter of the air movers. The possibility of functional degradation requires careful management of air mover noise with respect to HDD susceptibility to acoustic noise disturbances and motivates understanding the physical phenomena
underlying the acoustics. A previous investigation demonstrated the importance of coherence between acoustic standing wave modes in the backplane cavity. In this paper server interior airborne acoustics are further investigated by focusing on acoustic dissipation and inter-modal coupling in
the backplane cavity. Various dissipation models are developed and used in conjunction with a previously formulated modal cavity acoustic model to generate cavity transfer factors. The transfer factor predictions are compared to measured transfer factors to draw further insights into the physical
phenomena governing the interior cavity acoustics.
Sound quality studies as a tool for improving the sound of blenders
Authors: Bowen David
Published: June 2023

This paper summarizes various methodologies that were employed to determine design guidelines for improving the perceived sound quality of food blender appliances. These included designing, preparing sounds for, carrying out, and analyzing results from a consumer jury study, where the
goal was to evaluate sound quality as determined by actual users, and to measure the impact and value of various possible modification scenarios. This jury study was configured to identify and quantify how various components and mechanisms operating within two types of blenders - a full size
"pitcher-type" model, and a smaller "single-serve" model - affect user perceptions of sound quality, as expressed in terms of numerical ratings for two subjective attributes ("Acceptability" and "Overall Impres­sion"), obtained by the jury listening
to the sounds of various "virtual" blenders. Using regression models developed from the jury study results, it was then possible to identify several candidate modified designs for improving the attribute ratings, all by a similar degree.
High-frequency qualifier for impact insulation
Authors: L'Italien Zachery , Hoover K.
Published: June 2023

Impact insulation criteria are ubiquitous but cannot adequately address every contingency for occupant satisfaction in multifamily living. A Homeowners' Association (HOA) of an existing high-end condominium sought guidance in updating their Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions (CC&Rs).
Concerns included impact noise in general, with heightened concerns for the several living rooms that are located above bedrooms. This presentation briefly reviews why some aspects of ASTM E1007, E989, and E3222 did not address important concerns for this condominium. A simple, custom "high-frequency
qualifier" and procedures for in-situ mockup testing were generated, based in part on the results of impact testing in various units, and in specific response to this situation.
Supporting VIP aircraft modeling using node symmetry and non-VIP assets
Authors: Ward Jerrod
Published: June 2023

When developing acoustic and thermal solutions for private and commercial aircraft, extensive time and effort goes into the creation of models to support an optimized package that both delivers results and minimizes weight. Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) is often used to model aircraft
interior sound fields as it becomes applicable in the frequency ranges of interest to most passengers and engineers. This analysis is particularly sensitive to room dimensions and therefore ample research is done to ensure the model is as accurate as possible and historical data from similar
aircraft can be used to calibrate the model before use. This takes a considerable amount of time and is often done early in the development stage of the aircraft. So how can one implement this same approach for VIP aircraft where the time to installation is measured in weeks and the aircraft
interior is tailor-made making calibration with historical data difficult? This paper looks at ways to optimize the modeling process using symmetry in smaller subsections of the aircraft based on previously calibrated system and material measurements to help greatly reduce model creation time
and increase model precision within the VAOne(tm) modeling suite.
Quiet Spacecraft Cabin Ventilation Fan: Wake Measurements Results
Authors: Mirhashemi Arman
Published: June 2023

A spacecraft cabin ventilation fan suitable for aerodynamic and acoustic ground tests was designed and two copies of the fan assembly were fabricated - designated as Quiet Space Fan. Both fans were tested for aerodynamic performance and acoustic levels in the NASA Glenn Research Center
Acoustical Testing Laboratory. A new test rig for small axial flow fans was designed to accommodate the instrumentation and back-pressure adjustments. Measurements acquired were - static pressures for measuring performance, a 72-channel in-duct microphone array, external microphone measurements
for acoustics, and inter-stage hot wire measurements of the fan wake. This report documents the wake velocity and turbulence measurements as part of a series of reports.
Evaluation of metal foam liners for broadband noise reduction of turbofan engines
Authors: Sanchez-Torres Esmeralda , Sharma Bhisham , Sutliff Daniel , Stylianides Aikaterini , Puppo Jake , Schaffarzick Denver , Jones Michael
Published: June 2023

Previous research shows that open-celled metal foam liners have the potential to provide substantial aircraft noise reduction benefits. Our recent results show that their normal incidence sound absorption performance can be further improved by compressing them uniformly; this compression
reduces their effective pore size and increases the thermoviscous losses. Further, their performance may be optimized by stacking foams with varying degrees of compression and creating a step-wise effective relative density gradient. Here, we present the results from our recent experiments,
evaluating the attenuation performance of such a step-wise gradient metal foam liner using the Advanced Noise Control Fan (ANCF). Liner spools with two different step-wise configurations were fabricated and tested using the ANCF test rig at the Notre Dame Turbomachinery Laboratory. Farfield
data was gathered with the liner spool mounted at the inlet and aft locations. In this paper, we present our results comparing the attenuation performance under both test conditions as compared to measurements obtained using a hard wall baseline configuration. Our results show that step-wise
metal foam configurations can provide robust acoustical performance for aircraft noise reduction applications.