bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
School Geography: Our Expectations Regarding Routines. A Case-Study
Authors: Gonzalez Xose M. Souto , Monteagudo Diego Garcia
Published: May 2018

School geography has been reduced to a descriptive knowledge of the world and to the explanation of difficult conceptual facts. This results from the rise of communication technologies and the disregard of the study of relevant problems as a part of the discipline. It is key, in order to create an alternative that promotes critical civic learning, to challenge school routines. In this case, the combination of social representation theories and behavioral and perception geography provides the opportunity to both analyze current practices and introduce alternative praxis. Research is a key element when challenging hegemonic ideas to build a new school geography that promotes civic learning. The purpose of this paper is to prove how research can help support school geography innovation through surveys, interviews, and discussion groups.
Executive-Legislative Relations in Nigeria’s Management of the Border Crisis between Nigeria and Cameroon: The Case of the ICJ Ruling on the Bakassi Peninsula
Authors: Ngara Christopher Ochanja , Sam-Tsokwa Albert T.
Published: May 2018

This paper examines Executive-Legislative relations in Nigeria’s management of the border crisis between Nigeria and Cameroon with special focus on the ICJ ruling on the Bakassi Peninsula. Using both primary and secondary data, the paper traced the root cause of the border dispute between Nigeria and Cameroon on the Bakassi Pennisula to colonial legacy of arbitrary boundary demarcation by erstwhile colonial powers, namely; Britain, Germany and France. The border crisis resulted in a protracted litigation and eventually culminated in the ICJ ruling which awarded the Bakassi Peninsula to Cameroon in 2002. The executive and the National Assembly which share constitutional responsibilities in external relations could not forge a common policy agenda on the matter. In many instance, both arms of government appeared confused and bereft of ideas to handle situation. The lack of consistent and coherent policy framework on the matter stemmed from inexperience and lack of political will on the part of the National Assembly as well as frequent conflict and mistrust between the two arms of government. Consequently, the Executive arm of government handed over the disputed territory to Cameroon without the approval of the National Assembly. The paper concludes that the Executive and the Legislature in Nigeria should see their roles in government as complimentary and always put national interest above other considerations.
Sustainable Water Management under Variable Rainfall Conditions in River Communities of Champhone District, Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR
Authors: Vongmany Outhevy , Watanabe Kazuo N. , Mizunoya Takeshi , Kawase Makoto , Kikuchi Akira , Yabar Helmut , Higano Yoshiro , Sombounsack Nouansisavad , Phounpakon Oukham
Published: May 2018

A large majority of the rural population of Lao PDR remains dependent on agriculture for their livelihood and food security, for which access to and management of irrigated and rain-fed water sources is critical. Crop choices and planting calendars follow a monsoonal (dry season/wet season) weather system and are vulnerable to variations in the supply of rainfall, particularly deficits in the dry season and oversupply in the wet season. Climate change projections show that flood vulnerable areas like Champhone district, Savannakhet province might face worse problems in future, affecting food security and agricultural development.This study examines how households are being affected by flooding and drought in Xe Champhone district. Flood vulnerability was assessed by calculating the rainfall variation to determine the water balance during rainy season and dry season. This was combined with analysis of social data from household surveys, together with institutional capacity at different levels and coping strategies currently used by farmers. Constraints and opportunities are identified to strengthen adaptive capacity and resilience to climate change in the Xe Champhone River basin of Savannakhet province. Hydrology data show that the water balance was unstable during both the rainy and dry seasons. The minimum runoff is very low in dry season (Q = 2.4 m³/sec), while the maximum runoff is high in rainy season (Q = 274 m³/sec). Harvesting rainwater in the wet season for use in dry season could reduce the vulnerability of farmers. This study aims to support small-scale community water management initiatives in Lao PDR.
Determinants of Fish Trade Flows in Africa
Authors: Nankwenya Bonface , Phiri Alexander , Edriss Abdi Khalil , Kaunda Emmanuel , Phiri Horace , Chimatiro Sloans
Published: May 2018

Given that fish and fishery products are ranked among the most traded food commodities globally, with developing countries accounting for the bulk of the world’s fish exports, the analysis of fish trade flows is of key importance for any policy measure in the fisheries sector. This study evaluates the determinants of fish trade flows by applying the generalized gravity model. Using panel data covering a period of 14 years for 54 African countries, the gravity model is estimated using the Tobit regression to overcome estimation challenges in the presence of zero trade observations. The results suggest that a 1% increase in exporters’ GDP, importers’ GDP, population, exporters’ fish production, and countries sharing a common border increased fish trade flows by 8%, 14 %, 4%, 36% and 60%, respectively. On the other hand, importers’ fish production, and distance reduced fish trade flows by 5% and 17%, respectively. The results further shows that the belonging to ECOWAS, EAC, SADC and AMU has significantly enhanced intra-fish trade flows thereby contributing to gross trade creation for fish. The results indicate that the current demand for fish is very high such that current production is unable to meet the consumption needs. This calls for consolidated efforts in investment and development of the aquaculture sector as an alternative to the dwindling fish supplies from the wild environment. The findings also demonstrate the need for regional blocs to improve the transport networks on the continent by, among others, adopting a regional cooperation strategy centered on infrastructure development.
Valuing Environmental Public Goods: Deliberative Citizen Juries as a Non-Rational Persuasion Method
Authors: Geleta Solomon , Janmaat John , Loomis John , Davies Stephen
Published: May 2018

Governments sometimes use committees of selected volunteers to provide comment on environmental policy choices. We use a repeated choice experiment to explore how a deliberative citizen jury (DCJ) treatment affects the conservation preferences of DCJ participants who engage in a budget allocation exercise. First round choice experiment participants were invited to volunteer for one of a pair of paid DCJ sessions. Stated preference results for the DCJ participants were compared with a pseudo-control formed by matching non-participants on socioeconomic characteristics. Both preference and response heterogeneity declines for the DCJ treatment group, relative to the control. The stated preference results for the DCJ group are significantly different from those for the total sample, and the DCJ budget allocation results are inconsistent with the preferences expressed by the total sample. DCJ style committees may reflect how educated citizens make choices. However, selection and impacts of the deliberation make it likely these committees are not representative of the broader population.
Is Plastic Bag Ordinance Effective? Evidence from Carbon Emissions in China
Authors: Xing Xiufeng , Liu Hongyu
Published: May 2018

China has enacted the ordinance of plastic shopping bags since June 1 of 2008, which stipulates the bag thickness should be greater than or equal to 25 micrometers and consumers should pay for each bag they consume. However, the overall effect of the ordinance is lower-than-expected. This paper qualifies the carbon emissions associated with plastic shopping bag consumption in a fifteen year time series. The results indicate that, except for 2008, carbon emissions are on a continuous increase during this period. With respect to carbon emissions in 2008, there does appear a local minimum. Specifically, the carbon emissions relating to plastic bags in 2008 dropped 0.87% when compared with the emissions of 2007. This is not to suggest that the ordinance is effective in the long term, just that there is a slight carbon emission reduction in 2008. The transitory reduction of carbon emissions should be more attributed to the impact of Beijing Olympic Games than the effectiveness of the ordinance in hindsight. From 2009 on, the amount of carbon dioxide emissions generated by plastic shopping bags grows by 0.7-0.8% annually. Also, a two-child policy has taken into effect since 2011 which results in the net increase rate of entire population by 0.05% annually. When taken Beijing 2008 Olympic Games as well as the two-child population policy effect into consideration, it thus implies that the plastic bag ordinance may not be much effective to curb the bag usage in the long run. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
Reviewing the Interactions between Conflict and Demographic Trends in the Occupied Palestinian Territories: The Case of The Gaza Strip
Authors: Elkahlout Ghassan
Published: May 2018

This paper reviews the interactions between conflict and demographic trends in the Occupied Palestinian Territories (OPT), and provides an analysis of The Gaza Strip. Palestinian society has experienced momentous demographic transition over the past century, as well as recurrent waves of displacement and outbreaks of conflict and violence over the last decade. The enclave has witnessed demographic changes, with the emergence and rule of Hamas, repeated wars, and, since 2007, the unlawful blockade of The Gaza Strip. The United Nations (UN) has warned that, living conditions in Gaza are deteriorating faster than forecast, and are predicted to become dire by 2020. This paper provides a brief review of theories linking conflict and demography, followed by an introduction to the historical and contemporary context of The Gaza Strip. An in-depth analysis of the impact that conflict has on the demographic structure of Palestinian society in The Gaza Strip, focusing on the factors behind high fertility rates, population growth trends, and the drivers of migration. The analysis offered builds upon interviews with Palestinian experts, and Palestinian asylum-seekers in Greece, Poland, U.K. and Sweden, in addition to data published by the Palestinian Statistics Bureau Centre and research articles focusing on The Gaza Strip. The paper concludes that, the Palestinian reconciliation agreement should take priority over the population and the economy.
Waste Management Mind Map: Public Environmental Awareness Project and Creativity in Knowledge and Performance
Authors: Al-Asfour Fatema K. , Al-Helailah Heba A.
Published: May 2018

A progressive society wants to raise awareness, especially what affects everyday life. This study focuses on simplification waste management by using Mind Map. The cornerstone of this research is the use of mind maps in the field of environmental awareness, increasing environmental awareness of waste negative impact, minimizing its use, and the healthy and environmentally safe alternative. The researcher seeks to link the concepts and goals the 17 goals of sustainable development of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), with awareness of waste management and modern theories of learning, in order to reach new methodology used in awareness activities. Applied the feasibility and impact of Mind Maps on understanding and simplifying the waste management course for students’ community at the Environmental Health department _ College of Health Science. Buzan’s iMindMap 4 software was used to create mind maps for simplifying the project of waste management, the software uses lines, colours, arrows, branches to show connections between the ideas generated. Results of meta-analysis of concept waste management mind maps in student community indicated that concept mapping has positive effects on understanding, assimilation and application, Post-test results showed that experimental community made higher gains in understanding, easy to add ideas, Help you focus on the links and relationships between ideas so you don't just have disconnected facts.Researchers will be based on results in the awareness activity to reach an optimal understanding of the negatives of waste and the responsibility of the community.
Agroindustry Development Policy: A Strategy towards Poverty Alleviation
Authors: Yamin Muhammad , S. Ali M. Saleh , MI Rahman , Fahmid Imam Mujahidin , Asri Syahrumsyah
Published: May 2018

The aim of this research is to explain poverty alleviation program through agroindustry development policy in East Kalimantan Repoblic of Indonesia. The main contribution of this research is to developed a new strategy toward poverty alleviation. The method of study was used descriptive-case study method. The data used in this research was gathered from many sources such BPS (Statistic Central Bureau), East Kalimantan Yearly Report, East Kalimantan Base Data, and some informants at provincial level. The poverty data, financial budget agro industry development project data, financial budget accelerate poverty alleviation data, empowerment people data obtained was analyzed by using time series analysis. The result indicated that the agroindustry development policy reduced poverty level. Since 2006 to 2015 was achieved significantly result with average of 0,57% per year. On the other hand, the number could have be improved it when migretion to the area had been reduced as in the same period.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol. 11, No. 3
Authors: Sun Sherry
Published: May 2018

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol. 11, No. 3, 2018
Security in Cloud Computing Using Hash Algorithm: A Neural Cloud Data Security Model
Authors: Harfoushi Osama , Obiedat Ruba
Published: May 2018

Cloud computing is the delivery of computing resources over the Internet. Examples include, among others, servers, storage, big data, databases, networking, software, and analytics. Institutes that provide cloud computing services are called providers. Cloud computing services were primarily developed to help IT professionals through application development, big data storage and recovery, website hosting, on-demand software delivery, and analysis of significant data patterns that could compromise a system’s security. Given the widespread availability of cloud computing, many companies have begun to implement the system because it is cost-efficient, reliable, scalable, and can be accessed from anywhere at any time. The most demanding feature of a cloud computing system is its security platform, which uses cryptographic algorithm levels to enhance protection of unauthorized access, modification, and denial of services. For the most part, cloud security uses algorithms to ensure the preservation of big data stored on remote servers. This study proposes a methodology to reduce concerns about data privacy by using cloud computing cryptography algorithms to improve the security of various platforms and to ensure customer satisfaction.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Mechanical Engineering Research, Vol. 8, No. 1
Authors: Bai Lenna
Published: May 2018

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Mechanical Engineering Research, Vol. 8, No. 1, 2018
2018/7 ‘Ryanair’ after ‘Ryanair’: Crew member still left empty-handed? (NL)
Authors: Zwanenburg Amber
Published: May 2018

2018/7 ‘Ryanair’ after ‘Ryanair’: Crew member still left empty-handed? (NL)

A Dutch first instance court applies the recent ECJ Ryanair ruling (C-168/16 and C-169/16) in another Ryanair private international law dispute. Even though the Dutch court accepted jurisdiction, it applied Irish law to the employees’ unfair termination claim.
2018/8 Insourcing of fitness services by hotel constitutes a transfer of undertaking (IT)
Authors: Rucci Caterina , De Giobbi Alessandro
Published: May 2018

2018/8 Insourcing of fitness services by hotel constitutes a transfer of undertaking (IT)

A change of service provider may amount to the transfer of an undertaking. While this should not be surprising in itself, the authors discuss recent changes in Italian law in this case report.
2018/9 Uber’s work status appeal rejected (UK)
Authors: Cooke Laetitia
Published: May 2018

2018/9 Uber’s work status appeal rejected (UK)

Following an appeal by Uber against an employment tribunal (ET) finding last year, which was featured in EELC 2017/10, that its drivers are ‘workers’ and not self-employed contractors (reported in EELC 2017-1), the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) has now upheld the ET’s original decision. The EAT rejected Uber’s arguments that it was merely a technology platform, as well as its statement that it did not provide transportation services. This decision is important as it means that Uber drivers are entitled to certain rights under UK law, such as the right to holiday pay, to the national minimum wage (NMW) and protection against detrimental treatment for ‘blowing the whistle’ against malpractice. Uber has approximately 40,000 drivers (and about 3.5 million users of its mobile phone application in London alone) and so this decision has potentially significant financial consequences for the company.
REFLECTANCE TRANSFORMATION IMAGING.
ABOUT A PHOTOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR
DOCUMENTATION AND ANALISIS OF HISTORICAL
ARTEFACTS
Authors: Polkowski Paweł Lech , Witkowski Piotr
Published: May 2018

The modern technology has been offering more
and more tools for digitalisation of historical artefacts or
works of art. Especially popular is a 3D visualisation, which allows
to obtain a very realistic image of the subject. However,
for many culture and science institutions, including museums,
these tools are not easily available due to financial reasons.
The discussed herein method of Reflectance Transformation
Imaging (further RTI) seems to be a solution, which – being
relatively inexpensive – offers a whole range of possibilities
as far as documentation of historical artefacts is concerned.
It allows – without the need of using a high-tech equipment
– to create 2.5D images out of regular digital photographs.
The way how the RTI method works has been shorty characterised
in this article, at the same time presenting subsequent
stages within the procedure of obtaining images. In order to
show the results of this method, authors referred also to their
own experience in RTI. They described images by themselves
of three boulders with petroglyphs, which are in the possession
of the Archaeological Museum in Poznań. The authors
presented their own assessment of the RTI method – based
on their achievements and the source literature – identifying
its both positive and negative aspects.
The Role of the Programmed Death Receptor-1/Programmed Death Ligand-1: Immunologic Checkpoint in Human Papillomavirus–Associated Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Kunkle Christine , Rosado Flavia G
Published: May 2018

Context.—

There has been increasing interest in understanding the role of programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) pathway in cancer biology and its clinical significance in cancer therapy.

Objective.—

To discuss the studies of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in human papillomavirus–positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, focusing on the pathogenesis of cancer, characterization of the tumor microenvironment, and the effect of such studies in laboratory medicine.

Data sources.—

Data sources included peer-reviewed literature and reputable online sources.

Conclusions.—

To date, there are few studies of PD-1 and PD-L1 in human papillomavirus–positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. There is evidence that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway has a role in this type of cancer; however, further studies are needed to better characterize the effect of the human papillomavirus and its use as a marker of therapy response.
Challenges of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Associated Diseases in Low-Resource Countries
Authors: Nweke Michael Chukwugoziem , Okolo Clement Abu , Daous Yara , Esan Olukemi Ayotunde
Published: May 2018

Context.—

The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection varies worldwide. The high-risk viruses are usually associated with cancers of the cervix, vagina, and vulva in women, cancer of the penis in men, and cancers of the anus, tonsils, oropharynx, and base of the tongue in both sexes.

Objectives.—

To review literature about the challenges and burden associated with HPV infection in low-resource (ie, developing) countries, focusing on sub-Saharan Africa. To review the prevention, incidence, prevalence, morbidity, and mortality of HPV infections in sub-Saharan Africa. To review the therapy and management of HPV infections in low-resource countries in comparison to developed countries.

Data Sources.—

Peer-reviewed literature and experience of some of the authors.

Conclusions.—

Sub-Saharan Africa has high HPV infection prevalence rates, with predominance of high-risk subtypes 16, 18, and 45. The difficulty of access to health care has led to higher morbidity and mortality related to HPV-related cancers. Improvement in screening programs will help in monitoring the spread of HPV infections. Survival studies can be more informative if reliable cancer registries are improved. HPV vaccination is not yet widely available and this may be the key to curtailing the spread of HPV infections in resource-poor countries.
Rehabilitation of Left Homonymous Hemianopia with Adjacent Palomar Prism Technique and Visual Therapy on Line
Authors: Mascaró Fernando-J. Palomar-
Published: May 2018

We present a case of a female who suffered a right cerebral infarction, which caused a left Homonymous hemianopia. He couldn´t walk alone or do tasks of near vision, as reading.
For his rehabilitation, we used Palomar´s prisms and visual therapy on line with stimulation exercises and spatial localization.
The patient was able to totally recover the central visual field in one year of treatment, being able to walk alone with the visual far aid.
Memory Strategies for Serial Recall in Adults with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Mitsuhashi Shota , Hirata Shogo , Okuzumi Hideyuki
Published: May 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the memory strategy for serial recall in adults with general intellectual disability (ID) using the picture memory span task. Relations between memory strategies and two aspects of intellectual abilities, i.e., verbal and nonverbal abilities, were investigated. Study participants were 19 adults with general ID (i.e., ID of unknown etiologies). The picture memory span task, which can assess features of memory coding, was administered under four conditions: control, visually similar, phonologically similar, and long-name condition. The picture vocabulary test – revised (PVTR) and Raven color progressive matrices (RCPM) were conducted. Performance on the picture memory span task revealed that participants with ID used visual and verbal strategies for memory coding. Individual differences in verbal ability were interrelated with the degree of verbal strategy use. Results of this study suggest that features of memory coding of adults with ID do not contradict their level of intellectual development.
Análisis y evaluación de los niveles de toma de conciencia y comprensión táctica en fútbol por medio de un tablero de juego
Authors: Sánchez R. , De la Vega-Marcos Ricardo , Ruíz-Barquín R. , Del Valle S.
Published: May 2018

El siguiente estudio aborda la relación existente entre el plano de acción y el plano de representación de los sujetos, a través del papel que proporcionan los procesos de comprensión y toma de conciencia que suceden en el interior del individuo cuando se enfrenta a situaciones de juego que demanda un deporte no lineal, con características sumamente abiertas, como es el fútbol. El objetivo que pretendemos es analizar y evaluar la toma de conciencia y comprensión táctica del jugador infantil de fútbol base, desde la perspectiva funcional-estructural. Para ello, se ha utilizado un juego de tablero simulador de fútbol, diseñado a partir de la reglamentación básica que rige este deporte. La muestra utilizada está compuesta por ocho sujetos varones de categoría infantil, divididos en dos niveles de pericia: alto y bajo. Por tanto, se trata de un análisis centrado en el jugador (Garganta, 2001). Los ítems utilizados para realizar este análisis de la comprensión táctica de los jugadores se pueden categorizar siguiendo los principios tácticos de juego en fútbol que detalla Claude Bayer (1987). A su vez, los contenidos tácticos que se detallan en los ítems, se clasifican en aspectos tácticos de tipo individual -ofensivo y defensivo-, grupal -ofensivo y defensivo- y colectivo -ofensivo y defensivo-, siguiendo las clasificaciones propuestas por Fradua (1997), Garganta y Pinto (1997), Sánchez y Fradua (2001).
«Cuando los hechos cambian…». Imágenes futuras de la investigación en educación: entre la continuidad, la salida y la contemplación
Authors: Arnold Rolf
Published: May 2018

Necesitamos un concepto de aprendizaje contemporáneo. Las connotaciones del concepto «formación» o el nexo de «enseñanza» y «aprendizaje» se refieren a una relación tradicional entre educación y tiempo que debe ser problematizada. Los avances de la formación de personas adultas, en cuyo seno la formació se definió como «un proceso cognitivo relacionado con el mundo de vida», con sus desarrollos constructivistas y sistémicos, los avances de las ciencias naturales sobre el yo sináptico, conducen a desvincularnos de los contenidos curriculares y a una teoría formal, que ubica lo biográfico en el centro de lo educativo y postula una formación de la personalidad, un programa que tiene que ver más con las propios rastros emocionales de los seres humanos en sus fases biográficas de desarrollo que con los contenidos de los planes de estudio y currículums.
El «paradigma biográfico» en la investigación educativa
Authors: Alheit Peter
Published: May 2018

El artículo muestra el amplio rango de las concepciones que cubren las concepciones formativas orientadas biográficamente: la amplitud de los planteamientos va desde intervenciones terapéuticas individuales hasta el compromiso sociopolítico, desde temas clásicos de la formación continua de índole general y sociocultural hasta las nuevas cuestiones de formación continua profesional y política. Por lo tanto, la orientación de la biografía en la formación de personas (adultas) puede considerarse como una especie de «paradigma oculto» que, además, sugiere un cambio gradual en las disposiciones de los profesionales.
¿Life coachers? Padres de alumnos y trabajo de apoyo a la construcción biográfica de los hijos
Authors: Vieira Maria Manuel
Published: May 2018

La obligación de asistir a la escuela por un tiempo cada vez más largo transformó la escolarización en un pivote narrativo de las biografías juveniles y en un elemento ineludible del proceso de individuación. En Portugal, a la entrada de la escuela secundaria, los jóvenes adolescentes son invitados a formular la elección de una carrera entre un conjunto de opciones. Esta elección, fuertemente anclada en el ejercicio de la autonomía individual y que idealmente deberá implicar al sujeto en un proyecto de vida, constituye un verdadero desafío biográfico. En esa medida, la participación parental en los estudios y el apoyo a la orientación vocacional de los hijos constituye un soporte importante para amortiguar las angustias de la elección. El estímulo y acompañamiento escolar dado por los padres constituye un auténtico «life coaching» de la construcción biográfica de los hijos –aunque se revela también como un proceso difícil e incierto, que puede poner al descubierto los límites de la acción educativa de los padres. Teniendo como base empírica entrevistas a padres de alumnos de enseñanza secundaria, en este artículo se analiza la escolarización como un (nuevo) lazo de filiación que vincula a padres e hijos, y se ocupa de esta nueva competencia parental: la participación activa en la biografía escolar de los hijos. Su objetivo es examinar específicamente los desafíos y las ambivalencias del apoyo parental a la elección vocacional de los hijos en un contexto de incertidumbre.
Aprender pensando sobre a própria vida – Um ateliê biográfico na formação de educadores/professores
Authors: Leal da Costa Conceição , Biscaia Constança , Argüello Parra Andrés
Published: May 2018

Neste texto assumimos o quadro da pesquisa biográfica em Educação e a corrente das histórias de vida em formação, incluindo alguns estudos atuais neste campo. Partilhamos vivências, práticas e reflexões em torno de um ateliê biográfico de projeto (ABP) gerado e desenvolvido com onze estudantes durante o atual ano letivo, no período final da formação inicial de educadores/professores. Apresentamos os contornos do modelo de formação deste recente perfil profissional em Portugal, o processo associado à conceção do dispositivo pedagógico em si e como se tem desenvolvido em articulação com a concretização do Curso de Mestrado em Educação Pré-escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo na Universidade de Évora. Sustentando o ABP e testemunhando curiosidades e interesses iniciais, descortinamos algumas questões que nos moveram em busca de caminhos de construção de identidade(s). Para tanto, destacamos os conceitos de aprendizagem biográfica e de biographicity (Alheit & Dausien, 2000; Alheit, 2009) ou biograficidade em Delory-Momberger (2016), assim como o de ateliê biográfico de projeto proposto por Delory-Momberger (2006). Porque estamos na fase final, as considerações finais são narrativas emergentes de como em conjunto temos aprendido pensando sobre a própria vida. Terminamos sem concluir. Das releituras das narrativas biográficas escritas e das conversas que mantivemos nos momentos de encontro e partilha, anunciamos alguns aspetos onde ressalta(m) o(s) desejo(s) de ser educadora/professora em diferentes nuances e com voz. , o conhecimento e as pessoas em formação.
Türkiye’de Lojistik Yönetiminde Endüstri 4.0 Etkileri ve Yatırım İmkanlarına Bakış Üzerine Anket Uygulaması
Authors: ÖZTEMEL Ercan , GÜRSEV Samet
Published: May 2018

Bilişim sistemlerinin ve
dijitalleşme hareketinin doğal bir sonucu olarak günümüz dünyası 4. toplumsal
dönüşüm sürecini yaşamaktadır. Bu dönüşüm süreci özellikle endüstriyel yaşamı
köklü değişiklikleri uygulama zorunda bırakacak şekilde gelişmektedir. Geleceğin
imalat vizyonunun 4 temel bileşeni bulunmaktadır. Bunlar “ürün”, “zeka”,
“iletişim”, “bilgi ağı” olacak şekilde gelişmektedir. Bu 4 temel bileşeni
hareketlendirmek üzere Siber fiziksel sistemler, sensörler, nesnelerin
interneti, makineler arası iletişim (M2M), zeki bilgi ağları ve güvenli bulut
bilişim ortamları yaygın olarak gelişmektedir. Bu gidişat doğal olarak ürün
tasarımı, süreç tasarımı, kalite yönetimi, pazarlama gibi tüm süreçleri de
etkisi altına almakta ve kapsamlı bir süreç inovasyonu ile süreç dönüşümü
gerçekleşmektedir.     İşletmelerin tüm
süreçlerini etkilediği gibi bu değişim ve dönüşüm tedarik süreçlerinin de
yeniden yapılandırılmasını gerektirmektedir. Özellikle 4 Parti, 5 Parti ve 6
Parti Lojistik hizmetlerinin yaygın olarak kullanım alanı bulmasına yol açacak
iş modellerinin gelişeceği görülmektedir.   Bu
makale dördüncü endüstri devrimi ile oluşan fırsatların ve yeniliklerin
lojistik yönetimine etkisini irdelemektedir. Özellikle, lojistik yönetimi
üzerindeki yenilikçi çözümler, IT çözümlerinin sektör üzerindeki etkilerine
dikkatler çekilmiş ve Lojistik sektörde dördüncü dönüşümün sınırları çizilmeye
çalışılmıştır. Diğer taraftan sektör aktörlerinin 4. Dönüşümü ve lojistik
dünyasındaki etkilerini nasıl algıladıklarına yönelik bir çalışma
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Anket yolu ile bilgi toplanmış, gerekli analizler
yapılarak neticeleri raporlanmıştır.Bu çalışmanın ülkemizde lojistik sektörünün
yeni toplumsal dönüşüm sürecinde aktif olarak yol alabilmesi için rehberlik
edecek bulgular sunulmaktadır. Bu kapsamda genel hatları ile işlemelerin
uygulayabilecekleri bir yol haritasının oluşturulması hedeflenmiştir. Bu yol
haritasının temel felsefesini günümüzde lojistik sektöründe hangi
teknolojilerin daha öncelikli olarak uygulanması ve bu kapsamda yatırım
stratejilerinin belirlenmesi için gerekli olan unsurlara işaret edilmesi
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Microbial Evolutionary Medicine – from theory to clinical practice
Authors: Andersen Sandra Breum , Shapiro B. Jesse , Vandenbroucke-Grauls Christina , de Vos Marjon G.J.
Published: May 2018

Bacteria and other microbes play a crucial role in human health and disease. Medicine and clinical microbiology have traditionally attempted to identify the etiological agents that causes disease, and how to eliminate them. Yet this traditional paradigm is becoming inadequate for dealing with a changing disease landscape. Major challenges to human health are noncommunicable chronic diseases, often driven by altered immunity and inflammation, and persistent communicable infections whose agents harbor antibiotic resistance. It is increasingly recognized that microbe-microbe interactions, as well as human-microbe interactions are important. Here, we review the “Evolutionary Medicine” framework to study how microbial communities influence human health. This approach aims to predict and manipulate microbial influences on human health by integrating ecology, evolutionary biology, microbiology, bioinformatics and clinical expertise. We focus on the potential promise of evolutionary medicine to address three key challenges: 1) detecting microbial transmission; 2) predicting antimicrobial resistance; 3) understanding microbe-microbe and human-microbe interactions in health and disease, in the context of the microbiome.
Growth of Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5 in M9 minimal salts medium
Authors: Ng Wenfa
Published: May 2018

Growth in minimal salts medium meant that a microorganism has the full repertoire of biosynthetic machinery for surviving in habitats lacking in vitamins and growth factors. This significantly expands the types of habitats suitable for colonization by the microbe. Such evolutionary selected and endowed survival advantage provided a critical growth advantage and colonization potential to particular microbes. Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5 (ATCC BAA-477) potential for growth in minimal salts medium was evaluated by aerobic growth experiments at 25 and 30 oC in M9 medium. Experiment results revealed that the bacterium could grow in M9 medium without nutrient and yeast extract supplementation, but with a long lag phase of 18 hours and a small optical density of 0.7 and 1.0 at 25 and 30 oC, respectively after 45 hours of incubation. Variation in pH, on the other hand, revealed similar pH profiles of net secretion of acidic metabolites during growth in M9 medium, that stabilized prior to attainment of maximal optical density in the cultures at the two temperatures. Supplementation of M9 medium with 1 g/L yeast extract at 25 oC resulted in a shorter lag phase of 3 hours in P. protegens Pf-5 and a maximal optical density of 3.1, which indicated the importance of vitamins and growth factors in yeast extract in supplying necessary building blocks for biomass formation. Similarly, net secretion of acidic metabolites was observed in pH profile prior to exponential phase growth in P. protegens Pf-5, which was followed by a gradual rise in culture broth’s pH. Collectively, P. protegens Pf-5 could grow in minimal salts medium without supplementation of vitamins and growth factors at 25 and 30 oC; thereby, pointing to a significant competitive advantage in survival and colonization of new habitats in the face of nutritional and environmental stressors.
Dual tRNA mimicry in the Cricket Paralysis Virus IRES uncovers an unexpected similarity with the Hepatitis C Virus IRES
Authors: Pisareva Vera P , Pisarev Andrey V , Fernández Israel S
Published: May 2018

Co-opting the cellular machinery for protein production is a compulsory requirement for viruses. The Cricket Paralysis Virus employs an Internal Ribosomal Entry Site (CrPV-IRES) to express its structural genes in the late stage of infection. Ribosome hijacking is achieved by a sophisticated use of molecular mimicry to tRNA and mRNA, employed to manipulate intrinsically dynamic components of the ribosome. Binding and translocation through the ribosome is required for this IRES to initiate translation. We report two structures, solved by single particle electron cryo-microscopy (cryoEM), of a double translocated CrPV-IRES with aminoacyl-tRNA in the peptidyl site (P site) of the ribosome. CrPV-IRES adopts a previously unseen conformation, mimicking the acceptor stem of a canonical E site tRNA. The structures suggest a mechanism for the positioning of the first aminoacyl-tRNA shared with the distantly related Hepatitis C Virus IRES.
Predicting the likelihood and intensity of mosquito infection from sex specific Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte density
Authors: Bradley John , Stone Will , Da Dari F , Morlais Isabelle , Dicko Alassane , Cohuet Anna , Guelbeogo Wamdaogo M , Mahamar Almahamoudou , Nsango Sandrine , Soumaré Harouna M , Diawara Halimatou , Lanke Kjerstin , Graumans Wouter , Siebelink-Stoter Rianne , van de Vegte-Bolmer Marga , Chen Ingrid , Tiono Alfred , Gonçalves Bronner Pamplona , Gosling Roland , Sauerwein Robert W , Drakeley Chris , Churcher Thomas S , Bousema Teun
Published: May 2018

Understanding the importance of gametocyte density on human-to-mosquito transmission is of immediate relevance to malaria control. Previous work (Churcher et al., 2013) indicated a complex relationship between gametocyte density and mosquito infection. Here we use data from 148 feeding experiments on naturally infected gametocyte carriers to show that the relationship is much simpler and depends on both female and male parasite density. The proportion of mosquitoes infected is primarily determined by the density of female gametocytes though transmission from low gametocyte densities may be impeded by a lack of male parasites. Improved precision of gametocyte quantification simplifies the shape of the relationship with infection increasing rapidly before plateauing at higher densities. The mean number of oocysts per mosquito rises quickly with gametocyte density but continues to increase across densities examined. The work highlights the importance of measuring both female and male gametocyte density when estimating the human reservoir of infection.
Active avoidance requires inhibitory signaling in the rodent prelimbic prefrontal cortex
Authors: Diehl Maria M , Bravo-Rivera Christian , Rodriguez-Romaguera Jose , Pagan-Rivera Pablo A , Burgos-Robles Anthony , Roman-Ortiz Ciorana , Quirk Gregory J
Published: May 2018

Much is known about the neural circuits of conditioned fear and its relevance to understanding anxiety disorders, but less is known about other anxiety-related behaviors such as active avoidance. Using a tone-signaled, platform-mediated avoidance task, we observed that pharmacological inactivation of the prelimbic prefrontal cortex (PL) delayed avoidance. Surprisingly, optogenetic silencing of PL glutamatergic neurons did not delay avoidance. Consistent with this, inhibitory but not excitatory responses of rostral PL neurons were associated with avoidance training. To test the importance of these inhibitory responses, we optogenetically stimulated PL neurons to counteract the tone-elicited reduction in firing rate. Photoactivation of rostral (but not caudal) PL neurons at 4 Hz impaired avoidance. These findings suggest that inhibitory responses of rostral PL neurons signal the avoidability of a potential threat and underscore the importance of designing behavioral optogenetic studies based on neuronal firing responses.
Metabolic co-dependence drives the evolutionarily ancient Hydra–Chlorella symbiosis
Authors: Hamada Mayuko , Schröder Katja , Bathia Jay , Kürn Ulrich , Fraune Sebastian , Khalturina Mariia , Khalturin Konstantin , Shinzato Chuya , Satoh Nori , Bosch Thomas CG
Published: May 2018

Many multicellular organisms rely on symbiotic associations for support of metabolic activity, protection, or energy. Understanding the mechanisms involved in controlling such interactions remains a major challenge. In an unbiased approach we identified key players that control the symbiosis between Hydra viridissima and its photosynthetic symbiont Chlorella sp. A99. We discovered significant up-regulation of Hydra genes encoding a phosphate transporter and glutamine synthetase suggesting regulated nutrition supply between host and symbionts. Interestingly, supplementing the medium with glutamine temporarily supports in vitro growth of the otherwise obligate symbiotic Chlorella, indicating loss of autonomy and dependence on the host. Genome sequencing of Chlorella sp. A99 revealed a large number of amino acid transporters and a degenerated nitrate assimilation pathway, presumably as consequence of the adaptation to the host environment. Our observations portray ancient symbiotic interactions as a codependent partnership in which exchange of nutrients appears to be the primary driving force.
IP6 is an HIV pocket factor that prevents capsid collapse and promotes DNA synthesis
Authors: Mallery Donna L , Márquez Chantal L , McEwan William A , Dickson Claire F , Jacques David A , Anandapadamanaban Madhanagopal , Bichel Katsiaryna , Towers Gregory J , Saiardi Adolfo , Böcking Till , James Leo C
Published: May 2018

The HIV capsid is semipermeable and covered in electropositive pores that are essential for viral DNA synthesis and infection. Here, we show that these pores bind the abundant cellular polyanion IP6, transforming viral stability from minutes to hours and allowing newly synthesised DNA to accumulate inside the capsid. An arginine ring within the pore coordinates IP6, which strengthens capsid hexamers by almost 10°C. Single molecule measurements demonstrate that this renders native HIV capsids highly stable and protected from spontaneous collapse. Moreover, encapsidated reverse transcription assays reveal that, once stabilised by IP6, the accumulation of new viral DNA inside the capsid increases >100 fold. Remarkably, isotopic labelling of inositol in virus-producing cells reveals that HIV selectively packages over 300 IP6 molecules per infectious virion. We propose that HIV recruits IP6 to regulate capsid stability and uncoating, analogous to picornavirus pocket factors. HIV-1/IP6/capsid/co-factor/reverse transcription.
Crystallographic observation of nonenzymatic RNA primer extension
Authors: Zhang Wen , Walton Travis , Li Li , Szostak Jack W
Published: May 2018

The importance of genome replication has inspired detailed crystallographic studies of enzymatic DNA/RNA polymerization. In contrast, the mechanism of nonenzymatic polymerization is less well understood, despite its critical role in the origin of life. Here we report the direct observation of nonenzymatic RNA primer extension through time-resolved crystallography. We soaked crystals of an RNA primer-template-dGMP complex with guanosine-5′-phosphoro-2-aminoimidazolide for increasing times. At early times we see the activated ribonucleotides bound to the template, followed by formation of the imidazolium-bridged dinucleotide intermediate. At later times, we see a new phosphodiester bond forming between the primer and the incoming nucleotide. The intermediate is pre-organized because of the constraints of base-pairing with the template and hydrogen bonding between the imidazole amino group and both flanking phosphates. Our results provide atomic-resolution insight into the mechanism of nonenzymatic primer extension, and set the stage for further structural dissection and optimization of the RNA copying process.
Mediodorsal thalamus is required for discrete phases of goal-directed behavior in macaques
Authors: Wicker Evan , Turchi Janita , Malkova Ludise , Forcelli Patrick A
Published: May 2018

Reward contingencies are dynamic: outcomes that were valued at one point may subsequently lose value. Action selection in the face of dynamic reward associations requires several cognitive processes: registering a change in value of the primary reinforcer, adjusting the value of secondary reinforcers to reflect the new value of the primary reinforcer, and guiding action selection to optimal choices. Flexible responding has been evaluated extensively using reinforcer devaluation tasks. Performance on this task relies upon amygdala, Areas 11 and 13 of orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and mediodorsal thalamus (MD). Differential contributions of amygdala and Areas 11 and 13 of OFC to specific sub-processes have been established, but the role of MD in these sub-processes is unknown. Pharmacological inactivation of the macaque MD during specific phases of this task revealed that MD is required for reward valuation and action selection. This profile is unique, differing from both amygdala and subregions of the OFC.
Visualizing primer extension without enzymes
Authors: Chaput John C
Published: May 2018

X-ray crystallography has been used to observe the synthesis of RNA in the absence of enzymes with atomic resolution.
Influence of the rhizosphere soils on essential elements of Ephedra sinica herbaceous stems
Authors: Xinhui ZHANG Zhe CAO , LIANG Junyu , TIAN Hongling , ZHAO Yunsheng
Published: May 2018

Mineral elements serve as important components of medicinal herbs not only owing to their healing properties but also their nutritional supplement functions. In this study, 15 essential element contents of wild Ephedra sinica and its rhizosphere soil were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Influences of rhizosphere soil on these elements in plants were evaluated. Results showed that N, K, Cl, Sr, Na, Mn, B, Cu, and Mo contents in plants were all directly affected by one or more factors, including pH value, sand, silt, and organic matter contents. Herbaceous stems of E. sinica contained high contents of N, K, S, and Ca and could accumulate N, S, P, Cl, Sr, and Mg from soil with mean enrichment coefficients of 42.88, 34.37, 7.81, 4.38, 2.16, and 1.56, respectively. N, K, Ca, Sr, Mn, Zn, and Cu contents in the herbs were positively correlated with those in soil. Additionally, element prediction models were established to infer essential element contents of the herbaceous stems of E. sinica. This study provides scientific basis for mineral element regulation of E. sinica by adjusting soil fertility levels.