bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Fuzzy Preview Control With Granular Computing for Underactuated Systems
Authors: Kavirayani Srikanth
Published: January 2020

This chapter provides an elaborate discussion on the use of fuzzy preview control designed with the help of look up tables and granular computing for the studies on under actuated systems which are dynamic systems which have lesser degrees of freedom than the actuating input signals. It is an important design consideration for most systems to be categorized under this section which makes them the essential component for analysis. The chapter provides an in depth analysis taking the case studies of various control system test beds such as the family of the inverted pendulum systems which make the prototype models for validation before applying the developed logic to control of high end complex dynamic systems in terms of stability, robustness, speed of operation and more importantly to see the fuzzy structure that controls these systems in terms of lookup tables.
The Japanese Encephalitis Virus NS1′ Protein Inhibits Type I IFN Production by Targeting MAVS
Authors: Zhou Dengyuan , Li Qiuyan , Jia Fan , Zhang Luping , Wan Shengfeng , Li Yunchuan , Song Yunfeng , Chen Huanchun , Cao Shengbo , Ye Jing
Published: January 2020

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a mosquito-borne Flavivirus that causes severe neurologic disease in humans. NS1′ is a NS1-related protein only reported in the Japanese encephalitis serogroup members of Flavivirus. It is produced through programmed −1 ribosomal frameshift in NS2A. Our previous study demonstrated that JEV NS1′ could antagonize type I IFN (IFN-I) production, but the mechanism is still unclear. In the current study, we found that JEV NS1′ inhibits the expression of MAVS, and knockdown of MAVS hampers inhibition of IFN-β induction by NS1′, suggesting that JEV NS1′ inhibits IFN-I production by targeting MAVS. This finding is further supported by the result of the in vivo assay that showed the similar mortality caused by NS1′-deficient virus and its wild type virus in MAVS-deficient mice. Based on our previous sequencing results of noncoding RNA in JEV-infected cells, microRNA-22 (miR-22) was identified to be a key regulator for MAVS expression during JEV infection. Furthermore, we demonstrated that JEV NS1′ could induce the expression of miR-22 by increasing the binding of transcriptional factors, CREB and c-Rel, to the promoter elements of miR-22. Taken together, our results reveal a novel mechanism by which JEV NS1′ antagonizes host MAVS by regulating miR-22, thereby inhibiting the IFN-I production and facilitating viral replication.
أحكام نفقة وسكنى المعتدة البائن دراسة فقهية مقارنة
Authors: عبدالوالي مشعان السلمي عبدالوالي مشعان السلمي
Published: January 2020

هدفت الدراسة إلى بيان حكم النفقة والسكنى للمعتدة البائن، وقد اتبعت المنهجين الاستقرائي والوصفي التحليلي، وبينت الدراسة حقيقة النفقة، والسكنى، والبائن، والعدة، وحكم النفقة والسكنى للمعتدة البائن، وذلك من خلال عرض آراء الفقهاء، وترجيح الرأي المتفق مع قواعد الشريعة ومقاصدها، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج، منها: أن المعتدة البائن إذا كانت حاملاً وجب لها حق النفقة والسكنى، أما إذا لم تكن حاملاً فالراجح أنه لاحق لها في النفقة، أما السكنى فإنه يثبت للمعتدة البائن؛ لأن الأصل فيها أن تعتد في البيت الذي مات فيه زوجها، وأوصت الدراسة بتضمين أحكام نفقة المعتدة البائن المقررات الدراسية، والمشاركة في المؤتمرات بأوراق تختص ببيان أحكام نفقة وسكنى المعتدة البائن.
الأحكام والضوابط الفقهية المتعلقة بالنقود الرقمية الإلكترونية (البتكوين أنموذجا)
Authors: يوسف هزاع مساعد الشريف يوسف هزاع مساعد الشريف
Published: January 2020

من النوازل الفقهية والقضايا المعاصرة في معاملات الناس مع التقدم التقني الذي غزا جميع مجالات الحياة الإنسانية ما عرف مؤخرا بالعملات الرقمية، وذلك بسبب تلك الطفرة الرقمية والتطور المذهل في المجال التقني، وأصبحت هذه العملات الرقمية تهدد العملات الورقية لأنها لا تحتاج إلى حمل كميات من هذه الأوراق، كما أنها تتسم بالعالمية فهي تغني عن الحاجة إلى استبدال العملات عند التنقل بين دول مختلفة. ومن أشهر وأبرز هذه العملات الرقمية ما يعرف بالبتكوين، وهي عملة رقمية أصبحت ذات شهرة وانتشار واسعين في مختلف أنحاء العالم، ولما لهذه العملات الآن من انتشار وتأثير على الاقتصاد العالمي إيجابا وسلبا، ولما يحوطها من ملابسات لم يكن للناس عهد بها من قبل، احتاج الأمر إلى نظر شرعي، ودراسة فقهية شاملة لجميع أحوالها وتداعياتها وآثارها، لهذا اخترت أن يكون موضوع بحثي هذا هو "الأحكام والضوابط الفقهية المتعلقة بالنقود الرقمية الإلكترونية" (البتكوين أنموذجا).
المانع الشرعي من القياس النحوي والصرفي
Authors: أحمد بن محمد بن يحيى الفقيه الزهراني أحمد بن محمد بن يحيى الفقيه الزهراني
Published: January 2020

يدرس هذا البحث "المانع الشرعي من القياس النحوي والصرفي" الذي يهدف إلى الوقوف على أثر المانع الشرعي في الأحكام النحوية والصرفية بعد استقصاء مواقف النحاة منه، معتمدًا في هذه الدراسة على المنهج الاستقرائي الوصفي التحليلي. وخلص البحث إجمالا إلى أنّ أكثر النحاة لم يعللوا بالمانع الشرعي من القياس النحوي والصرفي، وأنّ أوّل من صرّح بالتعليل به هو أبو إسحاق الشاطبي وإنْ سُبق بإشارات وإيماءات عند أبي علي الفارسي وابن الحاجب. وقد أثبت البحث أن المانع الشرعي ليس مؤثرًا على إطلاقه في التقعيد النحوي، وإنما في مسائل معدودة لا تؤثر في أصل القاعدة، وأنّ المسائل التي تجلى فيها أثر صحة التعليل بالمانع الشرعي في القياس النحوي والصرفي هي مسألة نداء الاسم الشريف (الله) و(الرحمن) بـ"أيها" و"هذا"، ومسألة العطف بالواو في (وأرجلكم).
الأدلَّة النَّحويَّة في ردِّ الشَّواهد الكوفيَّة عند أبي سعيد السِّيرافيِّ في شرحه على كتاب سيبويه (دراسةٌ أصوليةٌ)
Authors: أحمد بن عتيق بن راضي الحربي أحمد بن عتيق بن راضي الحربي
Published: January 2020

هذا البحث يُعنى بدراسة الأدلّة النّحويّة التي تمسّك بها أبو سعيد السِّيرافيُّ لردِّ الشّواهد الكوفيّة في شرحه على كتاب سيبويه، دراسة أصولية. جاء البحث مقسّمًا إلى مبحثين: المبحث الأوّل: الأدلّة النقلية، وشملت مطالبًا ثلاثة: اختلاف الرواية، والضّرورة الشّعريّة، وجهالة القائل. والمبحث الثّاني: الأدلّة العقلية، وشملت مطلبين: احتمال وجوه أخرى في الشّاهد، والاستدلال بعدم النّظير. ثم الخاتمة وثبت المراجع. قُصر البحث على شواهد الكوفيّين في المسائل الخلافيّة بين المدرستين، البصريّة والكوفيّة.
القراءاتُ القرآنيةُ والتقعيدُ النحْوَيّ؛ دراسة تحليلية نقدية
Authors: حامد صبحي محمد حامد "السيوطي" حامد صبحي محمد حامد "السيوطي"
Published: January 2020

عمل هذا البحث على دراسة واقع القراءات القرآنية ودورها في التقعيد النحوي، وبيان مدى التناقض الذي وقع فيه النحاة بين موقفهم النظري من الاحتجاج بالقراءات وموقفهم التطبيقي من رد بعض القراءات، وتضعيف البعض، وتقديم الشعر والأقيسة العقلية عليى القراءات القرآنية في عملية التقعيد النحوي. ثم بين البحث الفائدة التي أكسبتها القراءات القرآنية للقاعدة النحوية ومدى الرحابة والسعة التي عادت على القاعدة النحوية واللغة عموما من الاعتماد على القراءات القرآنية، وبيان مدى تواجد القراءات القرآنية في كتب النحو.
Intrusion Detection System for Misbehaving WLAN Users
Authors: سامي العيساوي، ورضا سلامة، وعبدالرحمن الطلحي سامي العيساوي، ورضا سلامة، وعبدالرحمن الطلحي
Published: January 2020

Wireless networks in the lives of people at work, at home,
and in public places, plays a decisive role. Given the widespread
demand for wireless networks, providers deploy wireless local area
networks (WLAN) to provide access to broadband Internet Within the
range of a public wireless LAN hotspot such as in airports or hotels,
users can access their e-mails and browse the Internet either for free
or, most often, against a fee. However, as the number of users rises, so
does the risk that users may misbehave. Misbehaving users can to a
large extent increase their share of bandwidth at the expense of other
paid users by slightly modifying the driver of the network adapter. As
the use of such networks grows, users will demand secure yet
efficient, low-latency communications. Intruders’ detection is one of
the key techniques that can be used to protect a network against
outsiders. Many Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) have been
designed for wired networks. Unfortunately, most of these IDSs do
not give the expected results when used with wireless networks and
are especially poor at addressing the Media Access Control (MAC)
layer problem. In this sheet, we present the design and implementation
of an IDS tool that is chosen for WLANs and addresses misbehavior
at the MAC layer properly.
Keywords: IDS, WLAN, MAC layer, Misbehavior
Mobile ECG Scanner Using Smartphone
Authors: سامي حلواني، وسارودين كاري سامي حلواني، وسارودين كاري
Published: January 2020

ECG (electrocardiogram) is a test to measure the electrical
activity of the heart by applying electrical impulses. The information
obtained from an ECG can be analyzed to discover different types of
heart diseases. It is useful to monitor a patient’s respond to a specific
treatment. Some patients may need to move around while still being
monitored by an ECG. Hence, it is important to have a mobile ECG
solution. Building a stable and reliable mobile ECG solution needs
huge investment especially if all main components are built from
scratch. This research proposes to build the mobile ECG solution
using available main components from the shelf. Bluetooth is used
instead of USB in order to provide future flexibility to add more
electrodes. In order to reduce the size, development cost, and time,
Smartphone is used as the host PC. Present Smartphone have
sufficient resources to provide the necessary data logging, HMI and
remote monitoring.
Keywords: ECG, Smartphone, Bluetooth, HMI
Decision Support System Based Markov Model for
Performance Evaluation of Students Flow
In Computers Faculties
(Case Study: King Abdulaziz University)
Authors: عبدالفتاح سليمان المشاط وعبدالحميد محمد رجب وأحمد محمود خضرة عبدالفتاح سليمان المشاط وعبدالحميد محمد رجب وأحمد محمود خضرة
Published: January 2020

This paper proposes an effective decision support system
based on an absorbing Markov model, which is used for helping
decision makers in Faculty of Computing and Information Technology
(FCIT) at King Abdul Aziz University (KAU) in controlling student’s
flow transition enrollment. Several important controlling criteria that
govern student’s flow performance during semesters are evaluated.
These include estimating students flow between different study levels,
the average life time a student spends at each level, the semesters
required for graduation, and students graduating probability. A
complete performance evaluation comparison between boys and girls
at IT College is investigated. Results show that girls achieved better
performance than boys. The system has several advantages, such as,
helping to find any bottle necks to be solved during student’s
transition study from one semester to another, and helping to know
students needed facilities to planning for future required resources,
hence achieving good quality and efficient university education. The
proposed model is validated using cross-validation methodology, and
the achieved results were acceptable
Customer Satisfaction Improvement for Sales Points of
Mobile Companies with an Application Example
Authors: سعيد علي حسن، ومحمد رضا كابلي سعيد علي حسن، ومحمد رضا كابلي
Published: January 2020

A mobile phone is a portable electronic device that uses a
network of cell sites and supports SMS services for text messaging
and MMS for photos and videos. This paper focuses on mobile's sales
points to predict and economically schedule numbers of sales
executives for highest customer satisfaction. Primary goal is to
determine the best number of opened workstations to decrease
customers waiting time. Data were collected from Qmatic system at a
sales point in Jeddah for 2011. Simulation was done using Arena.
Required data were average number of tickets taken, average service
time, total number of customers served, total number of customers not
show and number of resources. The best scenario attained a net profit
of SR 1,509,506 with total system time of 453 seconds which was
decreased by 72%. Number of unsatisfied customers was decreased by
77%, number of satisfied customers increased by 374% and net profit
increased by 6.2% despite increasing number of employees.
Arabic Language Learning (ALL) for Kids
Authors: محمد سليم طريقي، وساندرا عمر محمد سليم طريقي، وساندرا عمر
Published: January 2020

Arabic Language has an exceptional position in Islam. It is
the language of Quran, thus the need to learn and understand Arabic
amongst Muslims is of paramount importance. For countries where
their native language is not Arabic, the language is only taught in
special schools with early ages such as in the kindergarten. With the
advent of computer technology, various kind of multimedia tools have
been developed for the purpose of language learning. Even though
there are few applications available in the market for that purpose,
most of them do not fully utilize the multimedia elements. The prime
objective of this study was to propose an Arabic Language Learning
(ALL) for kids of ages between 4 to 6 years old that enable them to
learn the language. In the process, an interactive field-tested ALL for
kids has been developed as an alternative to the traditional learning
tools. The results of user evaluation on the ALL indicate that it has
good usability in terms of Learnability, Usefulness, Ease of Use and
Outcome/Future Use. The results also indicate that there is a
significant difference between novice and expert users for Usefulness
and Ease of Use, while no significant difference for learnability and
Outcome/Future Use
Network Security Management Using Ontology-Based
Mobile Agents
Authors: Abdullah Marich Ali Abdullah Marich Ali
Published: January 2020

Automatic means to manage the security in moderate and
large networks are of extreme importance to avoid error-prone manual
techniques. This paper paves the way to develop an automatic network
security management (NSM) system that is both flexible in deciding
the system’s objectives and efficient in using the valuable network
bandwidth with a relatively low transmission overhead. The required
flexibility and efficiency are obtained using mobile agents (MA) to
collect the required security information from various network
components and devices, and using ontology to specify the required
security policies in such a way understandable by the MA’s software.
A simplified NSM prototype is developed, implemented, and
tested over a typical local area network to investigate the validity of
the suggested ideas. The MA travels through the network and collects
the necessary information using an ontology-based security policy.
Next, it may either return back to the network administrator to let him
decide and perform the suitable actions, or alternatively the MA may
take the appropriate decisions.
This prototype is tested to examine its functionality and
performance using a simple local area network consisting of three
computers with different configurations. The developed MA was able
to understand the ontology and move around the network. It has
properly detected the components that are wrongly configured. It
should be made clear that the design is scalable and can be directly
applied to more computers in a local area network or even in a wide
area network.
Using Variable-Entered Karnaugh Maps in Determining
Dependent and Independent Sets of Boolean Functions
Authors: Ali Muhammad Ali Rushdi and Hussain Mobarak Albarakati Ali Muhammad Ali Rushdi and Hussain Mobarak Albarakati
Published: January 2020

An important class for Boolean reasoning problems involves
interdependence among the members of a set T of Boolean functions.
Two notable problems among this class are (a) to establish whether a
given subset of T is dependent, and (b) to produce economical
representations for the complementary families of all dependent
subsets and independent subsets of T. This paper solves these two
problems via a powerful manual pictorial tool, namely, the variableentered Karnaugh map (VEKM). The VEKM is utilized in executing a
Label-and-Eliminate procedure for producing certain prime implicants
or consequents used in tackling the two aforementioned problems. The
VEKM procedure is a time-saving short cut indeed, since it efficiently
handles the three basic tasks demanded by the solution procedure,
which are: (a) To combine several Boolean relations into a single one,
(b) to compute conjunctive eliminants of a Boolean function, and (c)
to derive the complete sum (CS) of a Boolean function. The VEKM
procedure significantly reduces the complexities of these tasks by
introducing useful shortcuts and allowing simultaneous processing.
The VEKM procedure is described in detail, and then demonstrated
via two illustrative examples, which previously had only black-box
computer solutions as they were thought to be not amenable to manual
solution. The first example deals with switching or bivalent functions
while the second handles 'big' Boolean functions. Both examples
indicate that the VEKM procedure proposed herein enjoys the merits
of insightfulness, simplicity and efficiency
A Fuzzy Controlled Image Watermarking Based on a Dual Transform Technique
Authors: Bander Albarakati, Abdullah Basuhail, Gibrael Abo Samra Bander Albarakati, Abdullah Basuhail, Gibrael Abo Samra
Published: January 2020

This paper presents a new watermarking technique using hybrid image transforms that aims to be
very robust against attacks. It also aims to reduce the amount of distortion created from embedding the
watermark as much as possible, and have good capacity. The proposed system uses a hybrid watermarking
technique that is based on Non-Subsampled Contourlet Transform and Discrete Wavelet Transform. In addition,
the proposed system makes use of the fuzzy logic to automatically choose the strength of the embedded
watermark. Furthermore, the system uses Spread Spectrum Code Division Multiple Access to embed and recover
the watermark after transforming the image. To enhance recoverability of the watermarks, the system uses a
high level of redundancy in the embedding process, which allows a powerful Error Correcting Code to be used
in the recovery process. The fuzzy logic is used to help the system in producing watermarked images that reserve
their quality and not be heavily altered after embedding the watermark. Experiments were performed to measure
the quality of the proposed system using JPEG compression attacks. The results showed that the proposed system
is robust and has good capacity and imperceptibly although it suffers from being computationally complex.
Global Economic Shock Spillovers to the
Saudi Economy: An Assessment Framework
Authors: Hend M. Alsheikh Hend M. Alsheikh
Published: January 2020

This paper introduces a framework for assessing global
shock spillover specifically address the global financial spillovers
to the Saudi economy by exploring the main fundamental
determinants of creditworthiness including key global factors,
Macroeconomic and Financial Sector vulnerability. Finally
highlights the extent to which the Saudi financial system have
been able to regain a sound standing in the aftermath of the recent
financial crises to which they have been subjected. The main
conclusion is that global financial crisis has had limited direct
impact so far on domestic financial markets but, the country was
and still effected through trade, reflected in high inflation rate,
tighter liquidity and weak investor confidence. Government
generous spending has been successful in reducing the impact of
the global crisis, but Saudi Arabia should adopt alternative venue
to the current high spending levels. In light of anticipated fall in
oil prices, the current strategy is not sustainable.
Municipal Councils in Saudi Arabia: Context and
Organization
Authors: Waleed Abdullah Abdulaal Waleed Abdullah Abdulaal
Published: January 2020

In 2004 the Saudi Council of Ministers called for the
formation of semi-elected municipal councils in 178 cities and towns
of Saudi Arabia. This command instigated public participation in local
decision making. The election process finished in early 2005 and
councils' formation is completed by the end of 2005 to augment their
start. Given the relatively fresh beginning of citizen engagement in
local decisions in Saudi Arabia, this paper aims at analyzing the
context and organization of municipal councils in Saudi Arabia. The
paper starts by reviewing theoretical background on public
participation, highlighting its importance, methods and factors
affecting it. The purpose is to establish an analytical framework to
examine the work in Saudi. Two sets of interrelated factors are
defined including contextual and local factors, which are then
discussed in relation to municipal councils in Saudi Arabia. The
discussion outlines existing shortcomings with the contextual and
local factors and proposes necessary improvements based on the
understanding that public participation is a learning process that will
demand continuous improvement and enhancement.
مؤسسات التصميم الهندسي المعماري في المملكة العربية السعودية: التخطيط الاستراتيجي وكفاءة ممارسة المهنة
Authors: عدنان عباس عدس عدنان عباس عدس
Published: January 2020

يناقش هذا البحث باختصار أنموذجًا نظريًا يوضح مراحل عملية التخطيط الاستراتيجي. بعد ذلك تناقش الورقة عملية التخطيط الاستراتيجي من منظور مؤسسات تقديم الخدمات الاستشارية المعمارية، ومن خلال دراسة أجريت على مؤسسات تقديم الخدمات الاستشارية المعمارية في المملكة العربية السعودية تقوم الورقة بإعطاء نظرة سريعة لوضع المؤسسات التي تقدم الخدمات الاستشارية المعمارية في السوق السعودي فيما يتعلق بتطبيق بعض المبادئ الأساسية والاعتماد على عملية التخطيط الاستراتيجي لقيادة سفينة المؤسسة إلى بر الأمان. قامت الدراسة بتقييم مستوى قوة ثقافة المؤسسة باستخدام طريقة مالوني والجهود المبذولة للتحسين المستمر والتركيز على جودة الخدمة وتوطيدها داخل هذه المؤسسات. قيمت الدراسة مدى استخدام إدارة هذه المؤسسات للتخطيط الاستراتيجي وطرق تحليل نقاط القوة والضعف والفرص المتاحة والتهديدات (SWOT) الموجودة في البيئة التنافسية لهذه المؤسسات، كما قامت الدراسة بقياس جودة الخدمة المقدمة من قبل هذه المؤسسات والجهد المبذول في تحقيق إرضاء العميل باستخدام طريقة الأنموذج (SERVQUAL). في الجزء الأخير يخلص البحث إلى توصيات أساسية وبدائل استراتيجية لمؤسسات الخدمات الاستشارية المعمارية المحلية توفر لهم إمكانية المساهمة الفاعلة في المشاريع في ظل نظام التجارة العالمية.
تقييم مناهج الارتقاء بالمناطق العشوائية في الدول النامية مع ذكر خاص لحالة مصر
Authors: ماجد كمال محمد عطية ماجد كمال محمد عطية
Published: January 2020

تتناول هذه الدراسة مراجعة المناهج المختلفة التي تعاملت مع المناطق العشوائية بغرض الارتقاء بها. وتبدأ بتوضيح أن الربط بين الارتقاء بالمناطق العشوائية وبين مشروعات المواقع والخدمات كمنهج توأم للتنمية قد أدى في البداية إلى وضع الارتقاء في نطاق نموذج تنمية ذي طبيعة ومحددات خاصة، وهو الوضع الذي تحول فيما بعد إلى انقسام في الفكر فيما بين مفاهيم الارتقاء لدى الدول الغربية والمؤسسات الدولية التابعة لها وبين مبادرات الارتقاء النابعة من الجهات المحلية. وتهدف الدراسة إلى التعرف على الأسس النظرية خلف عمليات الارتقاء المختلفة بحيث يمكن الاعتماد عليها للتوصل إلى منهج شمولي للتنمية يمكن أن يحسن الظروف المعيشية لسكان المناطق العشوائية في الدول النامية.وتستعرض الدراسة الأدبيات ودراسات الحالة ذات الصلة بالموضوع مع التركيز على النتائج التي تحققت. ويمكن القول أن غالبية الأعمال الموثقة من الخبرات التي تتصف بالنجاح في مجال الارتقاء تتوزع ما بين دول أمريكا اللاتينية وشبه القارة الهندية ولكل منها رؤية مختلفة تقدم حلول متنوعة. فالتجربة في شبه القارة الهندية تعتمد على المشاركة المجتمعية، بينما تعتمد في غالبية دول أمريكا اللاتينية على تقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد، والتصوير الجوي، ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS) والتي تمهد لعملية ارتقاء تراعي فيها مسألة تقنين الملكية وتأمين الحيازة.وقد تعاملت مصر - كغيرها من الدول النامية- خلال العقود الثلاثة المنقضية مع العديد من تجارب الارتقاء في مناطق متنوعة، ما بين حلوان ومنشية ناصر بالقاهرة، والناصرية بأسوان، والحكر بالإسماعيلية، حيث تنوعت المفاهيم والآليات في كل مشروع. ويرتبط هذا الاختلاف بالأطر السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية المصاحبة لكل مشروع. ومن خلال مراجعة الخبرات المختلفة يمكن تقسيم مداخل الارتقاء إلى ثلاثة مناهج نمطية كان لها أوضح الأثر في مجال الارتقاء. وهذه المناهج هي نموذج التحسين التدريجي أو المطرد للإمداد بالمرافق، ونموذج التخطيط على مستوى المجتمع والمعروف بالمشاركة الشعبية، ونموذج التحسين العمراني من خلال المخطط الشامل، والتي يبدو أن كل منها يعمل في عزلة عن الآخر، ولم يثبت أي منها قدرته على التعامل الكفء مع المناطق العشوائية. ولذلك يتم تناول هذه المناهج بالدراسة والتحليل المقارن للتعرف على نقاط القوة والضعف في كل منها.
تهيئة وتحسين زيارة مقبرة البقيع بالمدينة المنورة
Authors: محمد عبد الله إدريس محمد عبد الله إدريس
Published: January 2020

. مقبرة البقيع هي المقبرة الرئيسة لأهل المدينة المنورة. ويضم البقيع رفات الآلاف المؤلفة من أهل المدينة المنورة ومن توفي فيها من المجاورين، أو الزائرين على مر العصور الماضية، وفي مقدمتهم الصحابة الكرام، وأمهات المؤمنين زوجات الرسول، رضي الله عنهم أجمعين. وتفتح مقبرة البقيع للزيارة مرتين في اليوم، بعد صلاة الفجر، وبعد صلاة العصر، ولفترة قصيرة جداً وللرجال فقط. ومع ازدياد أعداد الزوار للمقبرة وما يصاحب الزيارة من صعوبات، ظهرت الحاجة لتطوير حلول وبدائل؛ تهيئ زيارة مقبرة البقيع وتحسنها وتخفف الزحام الذي يحدث في أوقات الزيارة القصيرة. وتسعى الدراسة التي تعتمد على الدراسات السابقة والأعمال الميدانية في جمع المعلومات والتي تمثلت في أعمال الحصر والرصد المباشر للتعرف على الوضع الراهن، إضافة إلى المقابلات الشخصية مع عينة من الزوار؛ للتعرف على خصائصهم وقياس مدى رضاهم والتعرف على آرائهم ومتطلباتهم. كما ناقشت الدراسة موضوع زيارة القبور وممرات المشاهدة؛ لارتباطها بموضوع الدراسة وركزت على أهميتها والعناصر المكونة لها، وبتحليل المعلومات التي تم جمعها تم التوصل للعديد من النتائج المهمة والتي من خلالها تم تقديم أربعة مقترحات، وبعد مقارنتها بناء على بعض المعايير تم اختيار البديل الأنسب، واختتمت الدراسة بالخلاصة والعديد من التوصيات.
Evaluation Checklist for Managing Educational Technology Projects: The
Experience of Faculty of Environmental Design in KAU, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mohamed M. H. Maatouk Mohamed M. H. Maatouk
Published: January 2020

The management of technology projects in academic institutions is a real problem, especially with the increase in projects'
scale. Many of these projects suffered considerable delays in the plan and scheduling while others completely failed to achieve their
objectives. There is a shortage in research that deals with the design of tools to help and guide the managers of technology projects in
academic institutions to manage their projects efficiently. In particular, project managers are often faculty members not project
managers professionals. Therefore, they need to have simple and effective means to help them assess and monitor the performance of
their projects. This study tries to develop an Instructional Technology Project Evaluation Checklist (ITPEC). Then, uses this checklist
to evaluate the implementation of a technology project, as a case study. Based on a comprehensive review of literature a preliminary
version of the checklist was designed. Validation of the preliminary checklist was based on two methods: expert panel survey and
case study evaluation. The final version of the checklist includes 48 checkpoints in the form of questions grouped into three groups
according to the three phases of the project structure: Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation. Then, ITPEC was used in the
evaluation of a case study implementation of an eCollege Project, which was implemented at the Faculty of Environmental Design,
King Abdulaziz University in Saudi Arabia. Quantitative analysis of the data derived from the application of ITPEC to the case study
showed many positive aspects and also some shortcomings to be addressed in the future.
Об одном свойстве системы Франклина в $C[0,1]$ и $L^1[0,1]$
Authors: Mikayelyan Vazgen Gagikovich
Published: January 2020

Решена задача, поставленная Дж. Р. Голубом. В частности, доказано,
что если $\{\widetilde f_n\}$ - система Франклина,
нормированная в $L^1[0,1]$, a $\{a_n\}$ -
монотонно сходящаяся к нулю последовательность и
$\sup_{n\in\mathbb{N}}\|{\sum_{k=0}^na_k\widetilde f_k}\|_1<+\infty$,
то ряд $\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}a_n\widetilde f_n$
сходится в $L^1[0,1]$. Аналогичный результат
получен также в $C[0,1]$.
Библиография: 10 названий.
Преобразование типа Фурье на полуоси
с произвольной фазой
Authors: Petrov Vladimir Ernestovich
Published: January 2020

Рассматриваются интегральные уравнения на полуоси с ядрами,
имеющими вид линейной комбинации синус- и косинус-преобразований
Фурье с произвольными переменными комплексными коэффициентами.
Предъявляются точные решения в случае, когда коэффициенты зависят
только от одной переменной. Приводятся различные обобщения
и приложения к интегральным уравнениям.
Библиография: 17 названий.
Оценка числа ребер в особых подграфах
некоторого дистанционного графа
Authors: Pushnyakov Philipp Anatolevich , Raigorodskii Andrei Mikhailovich
Published: January 2020

Рассматривается классическая задача оценки числа ребер
в подграфе специального дистанционного графа.
Получено значительное улучшение старых результатов.
Библиография: 55 названий.
Вероятность невырождения для одного класса
многотипных докритических ветвящихся процессов в случайной среде
Authors: Vatutin Vladimir Alekseevich , Dyakonova Elena Evgen'evna
Published: January 2020

Исследуется асимптотическое поведение вероятности невырождения
многотипных ветвящихся процессов в случайной среде.
В случае одного типа частиц класс рассматриваемых процессов
соответствует промежуточно докритическим процессам.
При достаточно общих предположениях о форме производящих функций
законов размножения частиц доказано,
что вероятность невырождения процесса
к далекому моменту времени $n$, начавшегося в нулевой момент времени
с одной частицы какого-либо типа, имеет порядок
$\lambda^{n}n^{-1/2}$, где $\lambda \in (0,1)$ - константа,
определяемая в терминах показателя Ляпунова
для произведений матриц средних значений законов размножения частиц.
Библиография: 21 название.
Killer acquisitions and PayPal/iZettle
Authors: Smith Stephen , Hunt Matthew
Published: January 2020

In PayPal/iZettle the CMA has, for the first time in a Phase II investigation, directly considered the issue of ‘killer acquisitions’. It assessed whether PayPal's acquisition of iZettle might have been motivated by an intention to prevent future competition from an emerging rival. This article first explores the wider concerns surrounding killer acquisitions, putting the PayPal/iZettle decision in context. It explains the difficulties that some countries face in ensuring that high value acquisitions of innovative start-ups with low revenues are still subject to regulatory control, and the steps that countries like Germany and Austria have taken to resolve this. It then analyses the CMA's decision, highlighting the importance that the CMA placed on the parties’ internal documents for determining the rationale for the transaction and the justification for the amount paid. The article concludes by noting that potential killer acquisitions are likely to remain on the radar of competition regulators (in Europe and the UK) for some time to come.
Geospatial platforms and immersive tools for social cohesion: the 4D narrative of architecture of Australia’s Afghan cameleers
Authors: Rashid Md Mizanur , Antlej Kaja
Published: January 2020

This paper focuses on examining the scope of virtual architectural archaeology in forms of digital geospatial platforms and immersive tools such as Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) to be used for achieving social cohesion, particularly in a multicultural and multi-ethnic society like Australia’s. In the context of the current global and national concern about Muslims and Islam, as well as for the mistrust towards and distance between Muslims and Non-Muslims in Australia, it is imperative to delve deeper into the contribution of early Muslim pioneers, in this case, the Afghan Cameleers, in the social fabric of colonial Australia. Based on the premise that architecture could be a unique and revealing research frame to gain insight into human values, worldview and material culture, the main aim of this paper is to address two key issues using virtual architectural archaeology. Firstly, to demonstrate the application of 4D capturing and component-based modelling with metadata and paradata regarding the past of the lost architectural heritage sites in remote central and western Australia, also counting on assets such as Linked Open Data (LOD) for further dissemination and use. Secondly, to propose a mode to disseminate new knowledge through digital platforms and VR/AR experiences to the GLAM (Galleries, Libraries, Archives, and Museums) audiences and schools regarding the Muslims in Australia. Understanding properly them and their contribution to the Australian society would eventually minimise the cultural distance between Muslims and Non-Muslims in Australia. Greater awareness could mitigate the myth of fear and mistrust regarding Muslims and Islam, widely misunderstood for a long time.

Highlights:

Architectural-archaeological heritage as a tool for achieving social cohesion and to minimise cultural/social differences between Muslims and non-Muslims in Australia.

4D capturing and digital geospatial platforms for contextualising architectural-archaeological heritage in a spatial and chronological way.

Gamified and non-gamified Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) applications to engage the general public with architectural-archaeological heritage from remote, hard-to-access areas.
Factors Affecting Turnover Intention of Ohio State University Extension Program Assistants
Authors: Windon Suzanna R. , Cochran Graham R. , Scheer Scott D. , Rodriguez Mary T.
Published: January 2020

Extension program assistants’ turnover intention is a key indicator of human resource development practice and overall effectiveness of organizational leadership. We used a survey design with four instruments to investigate the factors that influenced 149 Ohio State University Extension program assistants’ turnover intention. The data showed significant associations between employees’ age, years of service, job satisfaction, supervisor satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention. Organizational commitment mediated the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention. The research concludes with recommendations that may help to decrease extension program assistants’ turnover intention.
Crystal chemistry of fluorcarletonite, a new mineral from the Murun alkaline complex (Russia)
Authors: Kaneva Ekaterina , Radomskaya Tatiana , Suvorova Ludmila , Sterkhova Irina , Mitichkin Mikhail
Published: January 2020

Abstract. This paper reports the first description of the crystal structure and
crystal chemical features of fluorcarletonite, a new mineral from the Murun
potassium alkaline complex (Russia), obtained by means of single-crystal and
powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron microprobe analysis (EMPA),
thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The crystal structure of
fluorcarletonite,
KNa4Ca4Si8O18(CO3)4(F,OH)⚫ H2O,
a rare phyllosilicate mineral, contains infinite double-silicate layers
composed of interconnected four- and eight-membered rings of
SiO4 tetrahedra and connected through the interlayer K-, Na- and
Ca-centered polyhedra and CO3 triangles. The X-ray diffraction analysis
confirms the mineral to be tetragonal, P4∕mbm, a=13.219(1) Å, c=16.707(2) Å, V=2919.4(6) Å3 (powder XRD data), a=13.1808(5) Å, c=16.6980(8) Å, V=2901.0(3) Å3
(single-crystal XRD data, 100 K). The EMPA (average from 10 analyses) gave
the following composition (wt %): SiO2 44.1(6), CaO 20.0(3),
Na2O 11.1(3), K2O 4.5(2), F 1.3(5), TiO2 0.1(1) and
Al2O3 0.03(3). The TG–DSC analysis confirmed the presence of
H2O and CO2 (weight losses of 1.17 % and 14.9 %,
respectively). The FTIR spectrum acquired in the range from 4000 to
400 cm−1 reveals the presence of H2O, CO3 and OH groups. The
average formula of fluorcarletonite calculated from the results of EMPA and
crystal structure refinement is
K1.04Na3.89Ca3.87Ti0.01Si7.99Al0.01O18(CO3)3.86(F0.72OH0.28)⚫1.11H2O.
Typology of the Phytoplankton Community of Dohou Lake, Drinking Water Supply Source in Duékoué Town (Western Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Séverin ATTOUNGBRE Kouakou , Estelle NIAMIEN-EBROTTIE Julie , Martin KOUAMÉ Kouamé , Charles BOUSSOU Koffi , Gustave ALIKO N’Guéssan , Félix KONAN Koffi
Published: January 2020

The objective is to study the phytoplankton community of Dohou Lake in order to contribute to the knowledge of its ecological quality. For this purpose, monthly samplings were carried out annually between October 2017 and September 2018. The studied physicochemical parameters (Temperature, Electrical conductivity, pH, Dissolved oxygen, Transparency, Depth, Total nitrogen, Nitrate, Nitrite, Total phosphorus) varied significantly over time. During the rainy season months, Dohou Lake is influenced by high values of total phosphorus, total nitrogen, conductivity, nitrate, pH, transparency and depth. However, in the dry season, the lake is characterized by high values of temperature, nitrite, dissolved oxygen and conductivity. For the phytoplankton community, 373 phytoplankton taxa divided into 111 genera, 51 families, 24 orders, 11 classes and 7 phyla (Chlorophyta, Euglenophyta, Cyanobacteria, Bacillariophyta, Pyrrophyta, Chrysophyta and Xanthophyta) have been identified. Chlorophyta with 50.67% is the most represented in the taxonomic richness of the environment. Total phytoplankton densities oscillate between 100 105 cells / L (August) and 321 105 cells / L (February) with high proportions of Cyanobacteria greater than 45% during each month of the rainy season. The highest values of Shannon and Equitability diversities are observed during the dry season months.
La deconstrucción de la amistad–enemistad: verdad y mujeres. A propósito del Así habló Zaratustra de Nietzsche
Authors: Lastra Gutiérrez Pedro
Published: January 2020

Se suele afirmar, sin mayor estudio, que Nietzsche es un filósofo misógino. Esto debido a las polémicas y fallidas relaciones de amistad y de amor con familiares y amigos, lo que ha contribuido a interpretar algunos parágrafos del libro primero del Así Habló Zaratustra como una catarsis y un ataque a las mujeres y a lo que ellas representan. En el presente artículo realizaremos un breve análisis genealógico del capítulo “Del amigo”, dilucidando de manera deconstructiva el estilo y propósito del autor en torno a la verdad, la mujer y la amistad, reconociendo en su escritura un intento por romper con los principios de la racionalidad que sostienen el dualismo de base en torno a la figura femenina impuesta desde un orden heteropatriarcal.
“Comunismo sin comunidad”: notas sobre ontología, ética y política en el pensamiento de Jean-Luc Nancy
Authors: Torres Apablaza Iván
Published: January 2020

El artículo reconstruye las coordenadas del problema de lo común en el pensamiento de Jean-Luc Nancy, intentando con ello ofrecer al lector un diagrama sobre un aspecto cardinal de su trabajo filosófico, aun cuando no siempre se lo aborde desde este ángulo. En este escenario, se desarrolla la problematicidad ontológica que recorre el pensamiento de lo común para arribar a un examen de la juntura o prolongación entre lo ético y lo político. El artículo concluye, luego de haber pensado el carácter disyunto de lo común, con una propuesta interpretativa sobre una politicidad de la existencia que intenta comparecer a la reelaboración de un concepto desfundamentado y abisal de lo político, esto es, a un ethos de la comparecencia al carácter relacional y diferencial de la existencia.
Infección tuberculosa latente en personal de salud de las Américas
Authors: Villalobos Montoya Josué Bernabé , Cisneros García Juan Gabriel , Juárez Alvarado Mauricio Alexander , Henríquez Sosa José Carlos
Published: January 2020

Introducción. Según la Organización Mundial para la Salud, un tercio de la población mundial tiene tuberculosis latente, considerando al personal de salud como uno de los grupos de riesgo con mayor tasa de prevalencia. Objetivo. En el presente estudio se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de la evidencia existente acerca de la situación epidemiológica de la infección tuberculosa latente en trabajadores de salud en las Américas. Metodología. Este estudio comprende una revisión sistemática de estudios transversales, metaanálisis y de cohorte, publicados en los últimos 10 años. Se seleccionaron los estudios que cumplieron con criterios de inclusión y de calidad. Resultados. Se seleccionaron 15 de 288 estudios encontrados, pertenecientes a 8 países de América. La prevalencia oscilaba entre 15% y 62.1%. La prevalencia de infección tuberculosa latente en nueve estudios es mayor a la de la población global, en cuatro es similar y en uno es inferior. Conclusión. La prevalencia de tuberculosis sigue siendo mayor en los trabajadores de salud que en la población general. Esto afecta mayoritariamente a las mujeres entre los 35 y 43 años que han laborado por más de 10 años en centros penitenciarios o centros de atención primaria.
War and Pensions: The Effects of War on Social Security and Pensions Around the World
Authors: Turner John A. , Rajnes David M. , Hughes Gerard , Maher Michelle
Published: January 2020

War has affected the development of social security and employer-provided pensions. Roman soldiers received the first pensions. In most countries, military pensions preceded social security pensions, providing countries experience with the concept and administration of pensions. War or the threat of war affected the development of the two major branches of social insurance-based pensions—Bismarckian (earnings related pensions developed in Germany) and Beveridgian (pensions tied to years of work developed in the United Kingdom). War has affected the choice countries make between funded and unfunded or pay-as-you-go pensions. The money in funded social security pensions can be expropriated to finance wars. Periods of hyperinflation following wars have destroyed funded social security pensions and funded employer-provided pensions in some countries. A victor country can have a major effect on the pensions in a defeated country. Social security pensions can be used to encourage national solidarity during and after wars. In the twenty-first century, social security pensions have been the target of cyber warfare.
Impact of Social and Institutional Factors on the Uptake of Conservation Agriculture: A Case of Zambia and Zimbabwe
Authors: Nyathi Putso , Moyo Thinah , Posthumus Helena , Stevens Joe
Published: January 2020

Conservation agriculture (CA) involves the practice of three interlinked principles of minimum soil disturbance, a permanent soil cover and crop rotation. Despite the many stated benefits of the technology, its uptake in Africa has been slow. This study applies the theory of planned behaviour to investigate the attitudes, the role of the social system (social influence, by-laws and customs) and the institutional environment in the decision to practice CA principles and on the area under CA in Choma, Zambia and Nkayi, Zimbabwe. The study finds differing attitudes between districts towards CA outcomes. Local by-laws have a positive correlation with the practice of minimum soil disturbance but negative correlations with the practice of soil cover and crop rotation. Social influence and customs have significant relationships with the area under CA. Institutional support is perceived to be necessary for the practice of minimum soil disturbance but not so for the practice of crop rotation or on the area under CA. We conclude that the attitudes towards CA depend on the performance of the CA options promoted to farmers while the effects of the social system components and institutional factors on the uptake of CA depends on how the particular CA principle fits into the social and institutional environment in which it is promoted. We recommend agriculture extension services and policymakers to pay more attention to these issues in the promotion of CA.
SELECTED ISSUES OF FIELD ARTILLERY FIRES BALLISTIC PREPARATION
Authors: KRZYŻANOWSKI Sławomir , PIONTEK Jacek
Published: January 2020

The authors present the issues related to the ballistic preparation of field artillery fires. One of its most significant undertakings is the determination of summary muzzle velocity deviation. There are different ways of its determination depending on combat environment conditions. Moreover, the methods of calculating summary muzzle velocity deviation when there are two different gunpowder lots used are presented.
STRATEGIC EFFECTS OF WAR IN IRAQ: FUTURE OF TRANSATLANTIC PARTNERSHIP
Authors: SZYMANKIEWICZ Radosław
Published: January 2020

Following the end of the Cold War there was a need for new order in the world, but such an order that would not lead to another conflict. It was a very difficult task, which was to be proven by the wars in Iraq or Afghanistan. Neither Americans nor Europeans wanted to allow the others to have any advantage. Each party valued its independence and thought that its visions concerning crucial decisions were right. Both Europeans and Americans wanted to avoid conflicts, hence the aspiration to changes in the security issue. However, critical situations were supposed to verify the power of prior decisions and the willingness for real co-operation. In the course of time some reservations and accusations related to important issues appeared. The establishment of the European Union, NATO and all the decrees of these institutions, unfortunately were not able to solve conflicts. The attacks of 9/11 and the different approach towards war on terror further deteriorated the tense situation. The issue of war in Iraq and the removal of Saddam Hussein put the quality of the transatlantic relations to the test again. Every party had its own arguments and was ready to defend them. Some other important questions appeared. Is war in Iraq necessary? Is its waging in accordance with the international law and all conventions? All of these issues have questioned the transatlantic relations. Additionally, the disproportion of military might between both sides does not contribute to fruitful co-operation either. Therefore, is it possible to formulate and pursue a policy satisfying both sides? Will the next crucial decisions and problems unite Americans and Europeans or irretrievably divide them? Time will tell.
WAYS OF IMPLEMENTING THE PRIORITY OF TRANSPORT POLICY ON THE EXAMPLE OF SEA PORTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Zieliński Mariusz
Published: January 2020

The folowing paper reveals the execution of Russian Federations Policy of sea transport based on The Transport Strategy of The RF. On the one hand the russian strategic programms are analised. On the other hand te conduct of the strategic plans (guided by governmental assemblies) is taken into consideration
IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS CAUSED BY CHEMICAL MUNITIONS DUMPED IN THE BALTIC SEA
Authors: Michalak Jarosław
Published: January 2020

The article identifies and characterizes the threats to maritime safety resulting from the dumping of excess chemical munitions found in Germany after World War II. The presented analysis was supported by the author's over twenty years of experience in research on the state of chemical munitions dumped in the Baltic Sea and the functioning of institutions responsible for responding to crisis situations
THE INSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL POTENTIAL OF THE EU IN THE PROCESS OF MARITIME SAFETY SHAPING
Authors: Usewicz Teresa
Published: January 2020

The article is related with the institutional and legal potential which the European Union has in the field of building maritime safety. The author analyzed the EU's achievements to date in this area, asking the questions: how and with what legal and institutional tools does the EU try to influence the process of shaping maritime security, both on its territory and globally?
THE NOTION OF MILITARY ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Szynowski Ryszard
Published: January 2020

The following article refers to the notion of military administration. The cognitive procedure was focused around the definition of “military administration”, and research was focused on recognizing the elementary facts that are related to this notion.
The aim of the article is to present and organize the most important methodological approaches that refer to the notion of “military administration”. To achieve this goal, the method of document examination was employed, which made it possible to accumulate, sort, describe and scientifically interpret the issues of military administration. By pinpointing and justifying the problem, a stance was taken in the face of the views of other authors, who considered all the aspects of “military administration”. From a scientific point of view, the topic described below and the attempt at defining the notion of “military administra-tion” can lead to conclusions which have not been a topic of discussion for many years