bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE HOPE FAMILY PROGRAM IN INCREASING COMMUNITY WELFARE IN SHARIA ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Safitri Fitri Yuliana , Ramli Fauzan , Mawaddah Fadila
Published: October 2023

The Family Hope Program is a social protection program that provides non-cash assistance to poor families designated as Beneficiary Families. The Family Hope Program is a program based on poor families, so the main targets are economically disadvantaged families. The Family Hope Program is an effort directed towards the formation and human resources focus on aspects of education, health, and social welfare. This research is entitled "Implementation of the Family Hope Program in Improving Community welfare in the Islamic Economic Initiative". The purpose of this study is to find out what the Family Hope Program is in providing social welfare to the community, find out how the implementation of the Family Hope Program in providing social protection to the community, and find out what are the driving factors and inhibiting factors in implementing the Family Hope Program. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach and in sampling researcher used sample selection techniques with the provision of characteristics and characteristics of objects in the study, as for data collection techniques, namely through observation, interviews, and documentation.  The results showed that the social protection provided by The Family Hope Program to the community was in the fields of education, health, and social welfare. The implementation of The Family Hope Program in Mendalo Indah Village goes through several stages, the first starting from the initial meeting stage, the second stage of entering data into the Management information system, the third stage of payment, and the last stage of commitment verification. The driving and inhibiting factors of The Family Hope Program carried out in Mendalo Indah Village are that although it has not been fully implemented perfectly, the community admits that this program has helped and provided relief to the community.
The Role of Entrepreneurship Orientation and Competitive Advantage as Strategy to Improve MSME Performance Post Covid-19 Pandemic in Batam City
Authors: Sunargo Sunargo
Published: October 2023

The Indonesian economy after Covid-19 pandemic has caused a decline in various business sectors, including Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) which have become the government's attention in national economic recovery. Batam City has shown achievements in handling the COVID-19 pandemic quickly, as well as carrying out economic recovery and sustainability. The entrepreneurial orientation view shows an effort to encourage the improvement of MSME performance by referring to the entrepreneurial aspect, namely daring to take risks, act proactively and always be innovative. Meanwhile, competitive advantage is an important effort so that the performance of MSMEs becomes superior. This study aims to examine the entrepreneurial orientation towards improving the performance of MSMEs through the mediation of competitive advantage after the Covid-19 pandemic in Batam. Testing direct and mediation effect using quantitative methods with statistical tools IBM SPSS software with additional features PROCESS Macro and performing sample bootstrapping technique on research. Data collection is 100 respondents using convenience sampling in Batam city. The results of this study indicate that entrepreneurial orientation is an important resource that can determine the recovery of MSME performance through mediation of competitive advantage. This study offers a contribution to literature in MSMEs field by providing empirical evidence on the extent to which entrepreneurial orientation affects the performance of MSMEs by mediating competitive advantage. Based on theory of resource based view that entrepreneurial orientation has been used as a resource for business organizations in the form of encouragement that refers to the entrepreneurial aspect of making competitive advantage so that it results in improving the performance of MSMEs in a sustainable manner.
Design and development of web-based dental electronic medical records according to ministry of health standards
Authors: Wardhana Erdianto Setya , Suryono Suryono , Hernawan Ari , Nugroho Lukito Edi
Published: October 2023

Background: Implementation of electronic medical records in health facilities is still very rare. The issuance of Regulation No. 24 of 2022 by the Minister of Health, which requires electronic medical records, means that all health facilities in Indonesia must be prepared to use electronic medical records. The results show that the format of electronic medical records, especially in dental facilities, is incomplete and non-standardized.

Objective : The purpose of this study is to create an electronic medical record application for dentistry according to the standards of the Ministry of Health and works well.

Method: The methods type is research and development with an action research approach. The method used to create the application is SDLC (Systems Development Life Cycle), which includes problem identification, design, application development, testing, implementation and maintenance.

Result:, The results of dental electronic medical record system application has 100% complete formats according to the minimum requirements of the minister of health regulations, including patient identity formats, patient medical record formats, odontogram formats, medical treatment formats, supporting examination upload formats, and informed consent upload formats .

Conclusion: This research has succeeded in creating an web-based application for an electronic medical record system for dentistry that has standard specifications of the Ministry of Health
A escrita da história e seus despropósitos: uma experiência de pesquisa com Michel de Certeau e Manoel de Barros
Authors: Brolo Josiane
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma experiência de pesquisa sobre o cotidiano escolar de uma instituição educativa, na qual teve como principal referencial teórico Michel de Certeau, unido à poesia de Manoel de Barros. Para tanto, a experiência da pesquisa volta-se para destacar as artes de fazer, desde a iniciativa da construção da escola pela própria comunidade, como também no que se refere à dinâmica criadora, inventiva e astuciosa daqueles que participaram do seu cotidiano escolar. A metodologia está ancorada em uma pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho histórico e como recursos utilizou-se de testemunhos orais e documentos históricos sobre a educação da cidade de Sinop-MT. Trata-se de uma proposta de escrita da história que se assume como uma versão inacabada, repleta de despropósitos, como diria Manoel de Barros. Contudo, versa sobre a composição de uma história a contrapelo, a partir de olhares de um fazer ciência com arte e poesia, convidando o leitor a olhar para um passado, em que cada um, à sua maneira, exercia como ninguém suas artes de se fazer sujeito, cada qual com a singularidade que lhe era própria.
Anemic Syndrome and Molecular Mechanisms and Regulation of Iron Absorption in Gastroenterological Diseases
Authors: Goryainova Nadiya , Vydyborets Stanislav , Derpak Yurii , Kucher Olena , Moroz Halyna
Published: October 2023

In this review, we tried to combine and systematize the accumulated information on the problem of anemic syndrome in the pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract. Anemic syndrome is the most frequent extraintestinal complication in patients with gastrointestinal tract pathology, which can significantly impair the quality of life. Depending on the combination of pathogenitic mechanisms, the iron deficiency, anemia of chronic diseases, B12-deficiency, and folate deficiency anemia are distinguished. Other types of anemia are less common.
It is necessary to conduct a comprehensive laboratory examination to reveal the leading factor in the development of anemia and select adequate therapy. Anemia is one of the most common complications in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. In clinical practice, the intravenous iron is frequently administered. However, this therapy can lead to excess iron and cause exacerbation of the disease.
Understanding the pathogenesis of anemia is important for the selection of therapy and minimizing the risk of complications. Parenteral forms of iron and vitamin preparations are more preferable for this category of patients due to their higher bioavailability, low safety profile, and minimal negative effect on the gastrointestinal tract. Erythropoietin preparations and inhibitors of proinflammatory cytokines are used mainly for the correction of anemia of chronic diseases. The latter showed themselves well in the treatment of patients with anemic syndrome on the background of severe inflammatory bowel diseases. Various clinical trials are being conducted to introduce new drugs to correct anemia. However, today, there is practically no experience of their application.
Further study of patients with gastroenterological pathology complicated by anemia is required to form a final conclusion on the effectiveness and appropriateness of the intravenous iron administration in these categories of patients.
Modern Aspects of Exercise Tolerance Assessment in Children with Post-COVID Syndrome, Pneumonia, and Obesity
Authors: Marushko Yurii , Kramarov Serhii , Vygovska Oksana , Kryvopustov Serhii , Khaitovych Mykola , Churylina Alina , Kryuchko Tetyana , Pysariev Andrii
Published: October 2023

An important and understudied problem is the state of health of children and adolescents who have experienced acute respiratory diseases or suffer from chronic diseases. Suffering from COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 syndrome, pneumonia are complex pathological conditions that significantly affect the functional capabilities of the child’s body and quality of life. Obesity, which is also an important medical and social problem, has no less impact on health.
The purpose of the work is to summarize the data from the literature about the value of exercise tests in children with postcovid syndrome, after pneumonia of various etiologies, and obesity; modern aspects for assessing exercise tolerance.
It is worth noting that nowadays screening programs for examining the health of children, aimed at prevention and early detection of pathological changes, play an important role. One of these methods of diagnosis, which makes it possible to determine and comprehensively analyze the body’s functional capabilities, is the assessment of exercise tolerance. The diagnostic value of analyzing the tolerance level lies in assessing the impact of various pathological conditions on the child’s health, and quality of life. The obtained results can be used to develop rehabilitation measures to eliminate the symptoms of acute diseases and improve the quality ofi fle.
Tests with dosed physical exertion are used to assess exercise tolerance. The «gold standard» of the technique is cardiopulmonary exercise testing. However, world tolerance assessment guidelines include the use of other types of tests, such as office and field tests. The «gold standard» for assessing tolerance is the determination of the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), which characterizes the maximum amount of oxygen that is absorbed and used by the body during intense physical exertion involving a large possible part of the muscles. Also, during exercise tests, heart rate, blood pressure, and electrocardiogram recording are monitored, which creates significant diagnostic search opportunities for the pediatrician.
Selection of Tools for Comprehensive Assessment of Patients with Obesity for Patient-oriented Treatment in Primary Care
Authors: Bagro Taisiia
Published: October 2023

In the modern world, obesity has become a large problem and now is one of the most complex medical and social problems. That is why the assessment of the health status of an obese patient is of the great importance for maintaining health, eliminating risk factors, patient-oriented treatment and improving the quality of their life.
The article analyzes literature data regarding tools for complex assessment of obese patients at the level of primary health care (PHC) for the implementation of patient-oriented treatment. The bibliosemantic method and the system analysis method were used for the analysis. A systematic review of literature sources identified the most practical tools for assessing obesity at PHC level.
It is noted that for clinical and instrumental assessment of the patient’s condition, anthropometric, instrumental indicators should be used: height, body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, blood pressure; calculated indexes: Quetelet index (BMI), body surface area (BSA), waist/hip ratio (WHR), Conicity Index (ConI), A body shape index (ABSI), Abdominal Volume Index (AVI). These indicators better describe abdominal obesity and make possible to assess the risks of non-communicable diseases. Laboratory indicators include determination of fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA index, lipidogram (with determination of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, atherogenicity index).
The best tools for assessing psychosocial status and sleep were: the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Beck Depression Scale, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The SF-36 (36-Item Short Form Health Survey), IPAQ, FINDRISK scale should be used to assess the quality of life and risks.
For a complex assessment of obese patients at the primary care level, in addition to generally accepted clinical and laboratory examinations, it is necessary to study eating behavior, anxiety and depression levels, sleep quality, quality of life, physical activity level, and the risk of diabetes in patients. This allows family doctors to improve their patient-centered approach. Due to their compactness, availability and high sensitivity, they can be widely used by general practitioners.
Peculiarities of the Course of Arterial Hypertension and Stable Coronary Heart Disease in Conditions of Distress and the Feasibility of Additional Therapy
Authors: Koval Olena
Published: October 2023

Today, in Ukraine in war conditions there are the powerful and long-term stress factors in the population, according to the intensity of the constant negative psycho-emotional impact theses stress factors form a state of distress. Distress, as an additional significant pathogenetic reason, affects the change in the prevalence and course of cardiovascular diseases.
The article describes the stages and individual changes caused by distress. Diagnostic algorithms for the assessment of patients with arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease in distress conditions for a differentiated change in therapy are provided, namely the strengthening of the basic recommended therapy or the inclusion in the treatment of additional therapy: phytotherapy or vasoactive biosupplements. Among the last mentioned substances, donors of nitric oxide (NO), whose main substrate for synthesis in the body is L-arginine, have undoubted advantages.
According to modern studies and meta-analyses, the use of L-arginine improves the endothelial function of blood vessels, has antioxidant properties, thanks to which it has been proven that it decreases blood pressure, reduces the feeling of anxiety, improves physical performance, reduces the number of angina attacks, including microvascular one, has a positive effect on the lipid profile in general, with a probable decrease in the level of triglycerides.
Our own data on the oral use of the L-arginine biosupplement with a decrease in the variability of blood pressure, the frequency of cardiac pain, and an improvement in general well-being are presented.
The presence of population-wide distress reactions makes it possible for the patient to use the supplement independently to alleviate/eliminate maladaptive effects from the cardiovascular and central nervous systems.
Use of Saccharomyces boulardii to Prevent Antibiotic-associated Diarrhea in Children with Pneumonia and Bronchitis
Authors: Marushko Yurii , Hyshchak Tetyana , Pysariev Andrii , Iovitsa Tetyana
Published: October 2023

In recent years, an increase in the prevalence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in children has been registered. In modern conditions, there are changes in the microbial spectrum of AAD pathogens and their sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs. This indicates the need for further research on the effectiveness and safety of the use of antidiarrheal drugs, in particular Saccharomyces boulardii (SB), in clinical practice.
The objective: to analyze the clinical effectiveness and safety of the use of SB in the prevention of AAD manifestations in children.
Materials and methods. The results of examination and treatment of 84 children aged 1 to 16 years with pneumonia (n=50) and acute bronchitis of bacterial etiology (n=34) were analyzed. Patients comparable in age, gender, etiology and clinical form of acute respiratory disease were divided into two research groups: I (main) group – 44 children who received SB for a course of 10–12 days in complex treatment (antibacterial and symptomatic therapy) and II (control) group – 40 patients who received only antibiotic therapy and did not take probiotic drugs.
During the study, the condition of the digestive tract (appetite, presence of nausea and vomiting, frequency and severity of diarrhea), skin (dryness, drowsiness), nervous system (sleep disturbances, restlessness) was assessed.
Results. At the beginning of the study there was no statistical difference between the frequency of pathological symptoms in the research groups. In the course of treatment, positive dynamics of clinical manifestations of respiratory tract lesions were observed in children in the groups. In the patients of the I group who received SB, on the 10th day all patients had formed stools, while in the II group, on the 10th day diarrhea was detected in 12 (30%) of 40 children (p<0.01). In the dynamics of treatment on the 10th–12th day, the decrease in the number of bifidobacteria (<1010) was found in 2 (6.7%) of 30 children of the I group and in 15 (60%) of the 25 children of the II group (р<0.01).
A decrease in the number of lactobacilli (<107) was found in 1 (3.3%) of 30 children of group I and in 9 (36.0%) of 25 patients of group II (p<0.05). On the 10th–12th day, it was possible to achieve complete normalization of intestinal function in almost all children of the I group. There were no side effects during the use of the drug.
Conclusions. The use of SB simultaneously with antibacterial therapy made it possible to reliably reduce flatulence and intestinal colic in 86.4–88.6% of children on the 5th day of complex treatment. In the main group the frequency and consistency of bowel movements quickly normalized. Such dynamics of clinical symptoms was not observed in the comparison group.
Use of Phytotherapy in the Treatment of Patients with Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Boiko Mykola
Published: October 2023

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the most common sexual disorders. In men with a mild stage of ED, it is possible to achieve a therapeutic effect from the use of phytotherapy.
The objective: analysis of the effectiveness of the combination of natural compounds in patients with mild ED.
Materials and methods. 28 patients (average age – 35±5.3 years) with mild ED participated in the study of the effectiveness of the dietary supplement. All patients were examined before and 1 month after the use of the combination of natural compounds, namely: collection of a detailed medical and sexual history, ultrasound dopplerography of the vessels of the penis, lipidogram, blood glucose level and total testosterone level were measured in the laboratory.
The patients received the dietary supplement, which includes zinc citrate, L-arginine, an extract of the fruits of slanky anchovies, an extract of epimedium leaves, an extract of the root of Tongkat Ali, an extract of the root of Korean red ginseng, 1 capsule 2 times a day.
Results. During the study, a psychogenic form of ED was found in 12 (42.9%) men, an organic cause of ED in 3 (10.7%), and a mixed form in 13 (46.4%) men. 1 month after the end of the use of the complex, it was established that all indicators of the «International Index of Erectile Function-15» (MIEF-15) questionnaire improved in ED patients.
Conclusions. The results of the study showed that the use of the complex significantly improved sexual satisfaction, sexual desire, orgasmic function and quality of life in men with mild ED.
Urolithiasis: Modern Approaches to Classification, Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Samchuk Pavlo , Krasiuk Oleksii , Iskenderov Rustam , Metelskyi Serhii , Klymenko Yaroslav , Hrytsai Viktor
Published: October 2023

Urinary stone disease (USD) is the most common and progressive disease of the urinary system, which is characterized by frequent exacerbations and a severe course. This is a complex disease caused by various causes, in which several biochemical processes are involved, occurring not only in the urinary system, but also in the whole organism. USD depends on geographical, climatic, ethnic, dietary and genetic factors. Over the past 20 years there has been an increase prevalence of this disease.
The course of USD is characterized by the acute and chronic pyelonephritis and frequent recurrence, which leads to the development of renal failure, disability and fatal consequences.
Calculus can form de novo anywhere in the urinary tract. The pathophysiology of USD differs depending on the place of stone formation and depends on endogenous and exogenous factors. Urinary tract stones are classified depending on etiology, location, size, number, frequency of occurrence, and radiopacity.
The main symptoms of USD are pain of various nature; microscopic hematuria; dysuria, which most often indicates the presence of a stone in the urinary bladder or a low location in the ureters; discharge of crystals of urinary salts or concretions; increased body temperature.
The diagnosis of USD is based on a carefully history taking and physical examination, which allows to determine the correct direction of diagnostic approach, which include laboratory and instrumental methods of diagnosis.
Ultrasound diagnosis is used as the main method for visualization of calculi, but recently non contrast-enhanced computed tomography has become the standard for the diagnosis of acute low back pain, replacing intravenous urography.
The choice of treatment is based on many parameters, such as the number, size, morphology, shape, volume, mobility, hardness and location of the stones and is individualized for each patient. There are two main approaches: conservative treatment and surgic al one.
Medicinal treatment of USD is used primarily to prevent the repeated formation of new stones or to increase those inclusions that are already present in the organs. Drug therapy is carried out with the aim of normalizing processes in the body, the failure of which leads to the development of pathology. However, conservative treatment has its limitations and is most often used as a symptomatic treatment. Open laparoscopic interventions are rarely used recently, minimally invasive methods are more popular: extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy; ureterorenoscopy; percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
Taking into account the increase in the prevalence of USD in Ukraine and disability (the third place among the general spectrum of causes of disability in urological practice), the article analyzes and reviews modern approaches to classification, early and accurate diagnosis, and choosing a timely and correct method of treatment.
Analisis Penerapan Model Unified Theory Of Acceptance And Use Of Technology (UTAUT) Terhadap Perilaku Pengguna Sistem Informasi Uang Kuliah Tunggal Universitas Mulawarman
Authors: Suntara Aad Aries , Widagdo Putut Pamilih , Kamila Vina Zahrotun
Published: October 2023

Salah satu teknologi informasi yang ada di Universitas Mulawarman adalah sistem informasi uang kuliah tunggal. Sistem Informasi Uang Kuliah Tunggal merupakan suatu aplikasi yang mempermudah Mahasiswa dalam melakukan proses yang berkaitan dengan Uang Kuliah Tunggal seperti perubahan Uang Kuliah Tunggal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perilaku mahasiswa terhadap Sistem Informasi Uang Kuliah Tunggal dengan menggunakan Metode Unified Theory Of Acceptance And Use Of Technology (UTAUT). Pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah seluruh mahasiswa dari seluruh fakultas yang ada di Universitas Mulawarman dan diperoleh sebanyak 101 responden. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan metode PLS SEM menggunakan software SmartPLS versi 4. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut : (1) Performance Expectancy berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Behavioral Intention; (2) Effort Expectancy berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap Behavioral Intention; (3) Social Influence berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Behavioral Intention; (4) Facilitating Condition berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Use Behavior; (5) Behavioral Intention berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Use Behavior.
Maternal Deaths in Kayseri: Causes and Risk Factors
Authors: Gökçek Mebrure Beyza , Aslaner Hümeyra , Özsaydı Seçkin
Published: October 2023

Background: About a quarter of a million women die from pregnancy-related conditions every year. This study aimed to contribute to the literature by assessing causes and demographic data of maternal deaths in our region. Methods: Our study is retrospective and descriptive. The study sample comprised 36 mothers who died in Kayseri between 2015 and 2019. The assessment was performed on the Provincial Directorate of Health data-“Maternal Death Record Forms”. Patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics and the factors associated with mortality were analyzed. Results: A total of 33 maternal deaths that occurred between 2015 and 2019 were assessed in our study. The mean age of mothers included in the study was 33.3 ± 6.3. Median gestational week was 24.5 (min: 3–max: 39) weeks of pregnancy. The majority of preventable deaths were from indirect causes. Cesarean history was higher in previous pregnancies in preventable maternal deaths (p = 0.006). First-phase and third-phase delay models were higher in preventable maternal deaths (p = 0.008, p = 0.007). Conclusions: The rates of preventable maternal mortality are considerably high. The first-phase delay model has an important place in preventable maternal deaths.
The Effect of Liraglutide on Lung Cancer and Its Potential Protective Effect on High Glucose-Induced Lung Senescence and Oxidative Damage
Authors: Pu Zhiyan , Yang Yanxia , Qin Shuanghong , Li Xiaojuan , Cui Can , Chen Weiyu
Published: October 2023

Background: Lung cancer is a malignant disease with high morbidity and mortality. Lung cancer and diabetes are closely related, and diabetic patients with lung tumors are common in clinical practice. Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, is commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In this study, we examined the effect of liraglutide on lung cancer and its potential protective effect on high glucose-induced lung aging. Methods: Indirect mmunofluorescence was done to assess the expression levels of p-AKT, ki67, Caspase3, Bax and PI3K. Western blotting was conducted to determine the expression levels of BAX, BCL2, Caspase9, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, PI3K, AKT and vimentin. Cell viability, cell cycle and cell apoptosis were evaluated by colony formation, CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the expression of Nf-κb, p15, p16, p21 and SMA in vivo. Besides, a high glucose-induced lung cell injury model was established to evaluate the effect of liraglutide on lung aging and oxidative damage. Sa-β-gal staining was used to assess cellular/ tissue senescence. Cell senescence-related markers (p16, p21 and p53 ) were determined by Western-blot analysis. Results: The proliferation, cell cycle, migration of lung cancer cells were significantly inhibited after treatment with liraglutide compared to control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Liraglutide inhibited the epithelial–mesenchymal transition process of lung cancer cell compared to control group (p < 0.05). Liraglutide also suppressed the proliferation of lung cancer in vivo. Besides, the BEAS-2B cell senescence induced by high glucose was significantly alleviated after treatment with liraglutide compared with control group (p < 0.05). The lung aging and endoplasmic reticulum stress was significantly suppressed after liraglutide treatment. Conclusions: This work indicates that liraglutide could inhibit lung cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. In addition, liraglutide exhibited anti-aging effects in vivo and in vivo. The current work has important implications for the treatment of patients with diabetes and lung cancer.
HuR and Its Interactions with Noncoding RNAs in Gut Epithelium Homeostasis and Diseases
Authors: Sharma Shweta , Xiao Lan , Wang Jian-Ying
Published: October 2023

The mammalian intestinal epithelium is a rapidly self-renewing tissue in the body and its homeostasis is tightly controlled by numerous factors at multiple levels. The RNA-binding protein HuR (human antigen R) is intimately involved in many aspects of gut mucosal pathobiology and plays an important role in maintaining integrity of the intestinal epithelium by regulating stability and translation of target mRNAs. Nonetheless, deregulation of HuR expression and altered binding affinity of HuR for target transcripts occur commonly in various gut mucosal disorders. In this review, we highlight the essential role of HuR in the intestinal epithelium homeostasis and discuss recent results that interactions between HuR and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including circular RNAs, long ncRNAs, small vault RNAs, and microRNAs, influence gut mucosal regeneration and regulate barrier function in various pathophysiological conditions. These exciting discoveries advance our knowledge of HuR biological function in the gut mucosa and also create a fundamental basis for developing novel therapies to protect intestinal epithelial integrity in critically ill patients.
Etiology of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Cellular Stress Regulation and Matrix Stiffness
Authors: Hasegawa Toshihiro , Ouchi Takehito , Shibukawa Yoshiyuki , Asoda Seiji , Nakagawa Taneaki
Published: October 2023

The oral cavity serves as the initial segment of the digestive system and is responsible for both nutritional supplementation and the mechanical breakdown of food. It comprises distinct hard and soft tissues; the oral mucosa is subject to mechanical stress and interaction with microbiota. In oral cancer, tumors exhibit abnormal cellular networks and aberrant cell-cell interactions arising from complex interplays between environmental and genetic factors. This presents a challenge for clinicians and researchers, impeding the understanding of mechanisms driving oral cancer development and treatment strategies. Lesions with dysplastic features are categorized under oral potentially malignant disorders, including oral leukoplakia, erythroplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, and proliferative verrucous leukoplakia, carrying a high malignancy risk. In this review, we discuss oral cancer cell characteristics and the stiffness of the surrounding matrix. We also discuss the significance of stiffness equilibrium in oral potentially malignant disorders, particularly oral submucous fibrosis, possibly triggered by mechanical stress such as betel quid chewing.
Modulation of Alpha-Synuclein Conformational Ensemble and Aggregation Pathways by Dopamine and Related Molecules
Authors: Natalello Antonino , Brocca Stefania , Ponzini Erika , Santambrogio Carlo , Grandori Rita
Published: October 2023

Dopaminergic neurons are constantly threatened by the thin boundaries between functional α-synuclein (AS) structural disorder and pathogenic aggregation, and between dopamine (DA) neurotransmitter activity and accumulation of cytotoxic by-products. The possibilities of developing drugs for Parkinson’s disease (PD) depend on our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that cause or accompany the pathological structural changes in AS. This review focuses on the three interconnected aspects of AS conformational transitions, its aggregation pathways and ligand binding. Specifically, the interactions of AS with DA, DA metabolites, DA analogs and DA agonists are considered. Recent advances in the field are discussed with reference to the structural properties of AS and the methodologies employed. Although several issues are still object of debate, salient structural features of the protein, the aggregates and the ligands can be identified, in the hope of fueling experimental and computational approaches to the discovery of novel disease-modifying agents.
Comparative Transcriptomic Profiling in Ovarian Tissues of Lohmann Hens and Chengkou Mountain Chicken
Authors: Wang Zhuanyun , E Guangxin , Liu Chengli , Liu Changbao , Song Daijun , Li Minghui
Published: October 2023

Background: As a crucial economic characteristic and a major indicator of reproductive performance in layers, egg production is controlled by a series of complex regulatory heredity basis. In particular, the interacting regulatory function between noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and coding RNA plays important roles in regulating laying performance. Methods: In this study, the RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of ovarian tissues from Lohmann hens (n = 3) and Chengkou Mountain chicken (n = 3) under the laying peak period was performed to identify RNA transcriptional differences among different laying-performance populations. Results: Results showed that the expression level of 303 mRNAs, 68 long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), 533 circular RNAs (circRNAs), and 79 microRNAs (miRNAs) was significantly different among the groups. Functional enrichment analysis of these differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs revealed that the laying process was implicated in numerous significantly enriched pathways (p < 0.05), such as the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and calcium-signaling pathway. Furthermore, the lncRNA/circRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory networks related to the regulation of laying performance were constructed. Some randomly selective DE RNAs were verified by Real Time Quantitative (RT-qRCR), indicating that the bioinformatics analysis results of RNA-seq data were credible. Conclusions: This study could increase our understanding of the heredity basis of transcriptome in the laying performance of chicken.
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Upregulate Astrocytic Glutamate Transporter-1 Expression via miR-124/mTOR Pathway against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Huang Weiyi , Fan Yuansheng , Jiang Chen , Jiao Jiantong , Ji Wei , Huang Hui , Shao Junfei
Published: October 2023

Background: Experimental investigations have reported the efficacy of marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The therapeutic mechanism, however, is still unknown. The purpose of the study is to show whether MSC-Exos increases astrocytic glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) expression in response to ischemic stroke and to investigate further mechanisms. Methods and Results: An in vitro ischemia model (oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion, OGD/R) was used. MSC-Exos was identified by Western blot (WB) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). To further investigate the mechanism, MSC-Exos, miR-124 inhibitor, and mimics, and a mTOR pathway inhibitor (rapamycin, Rap) were used. The interaction between GLT-1 and miR-124 was analyzed by luciferase reporter assay. The GLT-1 RNA expression and miR-124 was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR). The protein expressions of GLT-1, S6, and pS6 were detected by WB. Results demonstrated that MSC-Exos successfully inhibited the decrease of GLT-1 and miR-124 expression and the increase of pS6 expression in astrocytes after OGD/R. miR-124 inhibitor suppressed the effect of MSC-Exos on GLT-1 upregulation after OGD/R. Rapamycin notably decreased pS6 expression with significantly higher GLT-1 expression in astrocytes injured by OGD/R. Luciferase activity of the reporter harboring the wild-type or mutant GLT-1 3′UTR was not inhibited by miR-124 mimics. Further results showed that the inhibiting effect of MSC-Exos on pS6 expression and promoting effect of MSC-Exos on GLT-1 expression could be reversed by miR-124 inhibitor after OGD/R; meanwhile, the above conditions could be reversed again by rapamycin. Conclusions: Results show that miR-124 and the mTOR pathway are involved in regulation of MSC-Exos on GLT-1 expression in astrocytes injured by OGD/R. miR-124 does not directly target GLT-1. MSC-Exos upregulates GLT-1 expression via the miR-124/mTOR pathway in astrocytes injured by OGD/R.
A Missing Origin of the Tau Protein Aggregation Pathway Triggered by Thermal and Biological Forces
Authors: Lu H. Peter
Published: October 2023

Fluctuations in mechanical force vectors within living cells can substantially influence the behavior and functions of proteins. Tau protein can spontaneously be raptured and entangled in refolding under picoNewton compressive forces that are biologically available in a living cell: a hidden aggregation pathway due to stress and crowding. Our findings were achieved through a customized modification of atomic force microscopy (AFM) for single-molecule manipulation. This previously hidden phenomenon of proteins rupturing collectively while subsequently and spontaneously refolding into a complex entangled conformation, distinct from the Tau protein’s folded or unfolded states, could potentially explain the early-event initiation of the aggregation of the Tau protein seen in various neurodegenerative diseases. This article introduces our recent discovery of the missing Tau protein property that is of significant relevance to the Tau protein and neurodegenerative disease research and medical treatment, aiming to stimulate the collective observation and a new perspective on the Tau aggregation mechanism and disease mechanism studies.
The Diagnostic Model of Ligusticum Chuanxiong Hort. Against Cerebral Stroke Using Network Pharmacology and Transcriptomics Analyses
Authors: Zhang Jinfeng , Cai Chongyin , Luo Ying , Wu Yan , Qiu Fanghui
Published: October 2023

Background: Cerebral stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Ligusticum Chuanxiong Hort. (LCH), a well-known Chinese herb, is widely used for the treatment of cerebral stroke. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of LCH in cerebral stroke and develop a diagnostic model. Methods: We employed network pharmacology analyses to identify the active compounds, targets, and underlying mechanisms of LCH for treating cerebral stroke. Molecular docking was performed to visualize the binding site between the core active compounds and hub targets. Furthermore, a diagnostic model for cerebral stroke was constructed based on transcriptomic analysis. Results: Our findings revealed that LCH contains multiple active ingredients, including oleic acid and caffeic acid. Protein-protein interaction network analysis identified IL1B, CCL2, MAPK3, PTGS2, JUN, MMP9, TLR4, HIF1A, PPARA, FOS, PTEN, NFE2L2, TLR2, TIMP1, and SOD2 as the top 15 hub genes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis highlighted the enrichment of TNF and IL-17 signaling pathways. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated binding sites between oleic acid, caffeic acid, and MMP9, PPARP, PTEN, and TIMP1. The diagnostic model indicated that FOS, MMP9, PPARA, PTEN, TIMP1, and TLR2 serve as blood biomarkers for cerebral stroke. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that LCH alleviates the symptoms following cerebral stroke through interactions with the TNF and IL-17 signaling pathways. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms of LCH and offer insights into the development of a diagnostic model for cerebral stroke.
FABP6 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that fatty acid binding protein 6, encoded by FABP6, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. FABP6 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of FABP6 in primary tumors was not correlated with patient survival outcomes. Modulation of FABP6 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
MAP1B is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that microtubule associated protein 1B, encoded by MAP1B, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. MAP1B mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of MAP1B in primary tumors was correlated with patient distant metastasis-free survival. Modulation of MAP1B expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Maraknya kasus bulliying pada Mahasiswa Generasi Z di Instansi Pendidikan
Authors: Aryadi Ladinda Sheila Putri
Published: October 2023

ABSTRAKPerundungan terhadap mahasiswa di perguruan tinggi lebih dikenal dengan kata “bullying” sudah lama terjadi di Indonesia. Bahkan media menyatakan bahwa Indonesia sudah dalam kondisi “darurat” di perguruan tinggi. Tanggungjawab negara Indonesia dalam mencegah perundungan sudah dilakukan melalui peraturan perundang-undangan berskala nasional seperti Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak dan Permendikbud 82 Tahun 2015, akan tetapi dalam pelaksanaannya sebagai sebuah bentuk kepedulian masih sangat bersifat spasial dan terbatas melalui norma hukum dan perubahan perilaku melalui kerjasama antara pemerintah dengan seluruh elemen. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab terjadinya perundungan, dan upaya pencegahannya. Kata kunci: perundungan/bullying, institusi pendidikan, norma hukum, perubahan perilaku.ABSTRACTBullying of students in higher education, better known as "bullying", has been happening in Indonesia for a long time. The media even stated that Indonesia was already in a state of "emergency" in higher education. The responsibility of the Indonesian state in preventing bullying has been carried out through national scale legislation such as the Child Protection Law and Minister of Education and Culture Regulation 82 of 2015, however its implementation as a form of care is still very spatial and limited through legal norms and behavioral changes through cooperation between government with all elements. This article aims to determine the factors that cause bullying and efforts to prevent it.Keywords: bullying, educational institutions, legal norms, behavior change
Interoception in anxiety, depression and psychosis: A review of current knowledge and recommendations for future research
Authors: Jenkinson Paul Mark , Fotopoulou Aikaterini , Ibanez Agustin , Rossell Susan
Published: October 2023

There has been growing interest in interoception (broadly defined as the sense of the physiological state of the body) as a transdiagnostic factor contributing to mental health, wellbeing and psychopathology. Thus, we systematically searched and reviewed evidence regarding the role of interoception in anxiety, depression and psychosis. Integrated throughout are insights from individuals with mental health and wellbeing lived experiences. We first consider evidence from existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses, which provide a robust synthesis of current evidence. Existing reviews in anxiety and depression have focused exclusively on cardiac interoceptive accuracy (i.e., heartbeat perception). Contrary to expectation, these meta-analyses indicate that cardiac interoceptive accuracy is not impaired in anxiety or depression. There are no existing systematic reviews or meta-analyses of interoceptive processing in psychosis. An existing narrative review of only four empirical studies examining interoception in psychosis suggests that cardiac accuracy may be poorer in people with psychosis, but further evidence is needed to draw firm conclusions. Other aspects of interoception such as different body systems (e.g., respiration) or processing levels (e.g. afferent interoceptive signals, self-reported interoceptive abilities, and metacognitive insights into one’s interoceptive ability) have not been systematically reviewed or meta-analysed. Thus, we highlight studies using methods that examine these alternative bodily domains and levels, and present findings that suggest the presence of interoceptive dysfunction in anxiety, depression and psychosis. We also explore the efficacy of interoception-based psychological interventions. Evidence suggests that these interventions can improve interoception in anxiety and depression with some evidence of symptom improvement, although existing studies are extremely heterogeneous with methodological issues that limit these findings. We make recommendations for future research, including the need for more comprehensive interoceptive assessments, longitudinal and intervention research, investigating the relationship between interoceptive problems and the ability to engage in everyday behaviours, and exploring cultural factors in the relationship between interoception and mental health.
Biological and Cultural Avenues to Meaning in Life
Authors: Gabora Liane
Published: October 2023

Some find meaning in life by rearing offspring and leaving a biological legacy. Others find meaning in life by developing and sharing ideas, and leaving a cultural legacy. To leave a cultural legacy requires that one build on existing knowledge in a new and meaningful way. This in turn requires that one’s knowledge and experiences have coalesced into an integrated web of understandings, such that old ideas can be looked at in new ways. The emergence of this kind of integrated conceptual web, or worldview, has been modeled using autocatalytic networks, which grew out of graph theory, and which exhibit sharp transitions in connectedness. They have been used to explain the near-inevitability of an integrated conceptual network emerging in a young child’s mind. Thus, the desire to leave a cultural legacy is neither born nor bred, though both evolved biological pressures and social learning play a role; rather it is an emergent phenomenon that arises due to the presence of percolation thresholds in connected graphs.