bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dinamika Populasi Wideng (Sesarma spp) dan Tangkapan (Populasi) Scylla di Kawasan Mangrove Tapak, Tugurejo Semarang : Suatu Kajian Pemberdayaan Predator untuk Mengendalikan Wideng Hama Bibit Mangrove Berbasis Manajemen Ekosistem
Authors: Hidayat Jafron Wasiq , Anggoro Sutrisno , Hendrarto Ign Boedi
Published: January 2019

Kondisi kerusakan hutan mangrove sudah sangat memprihatinkan. Gangguan hama wideng (Sesarma spp) mempengaruhi keberhasilan penghijauan. Wideng merupakan hama minor yang dapat bergeser sifatnya jika populasinya tinggi pada kondisi tertentu. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang dinamika populasi wideng, sehingga dapat mengetahui waktu kapan wideng berpotensi menjadi hama. Kajian yang sama juga ditujukan terhadap pemangsa potensialnya yaitu Scylla yang ditujukankan untuk mengetahui tekanan  predator terhadap wideng dan peluang pemberdayaannya sebagai pakan budidaya. Penelitian bersifat observasional yang dilakukan di kawasan mangrove Tapak, Tugurejo. Sampling dilakukan di enam stasiun yang dipilih secara justified random sampling. Kajian eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap(RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan dan tiga ulangan yang dilanjut dengan uji Beda Terkecil. Hasil memperlihatkan bahwa populasi wideng mengikuti pola unimodal dengan puncak populasi pada bulan Nopember mencapai 30/m2.Kepiting Scylla memasuki musim tangkap sejak Oktober hingga Maret dan mencapai puncaknya pada bulan Pebruari. Kepadatan populasi tersebut selaras dengan keberadaan wideng yang juga tinggi populasinya, sehingga dapat dipergunakan sebagai pakan budidaya sekaligus menekan sifat hamanya.Kepiting bakau menyukai wideng pada semua ukuran, dimana tidak membedakan ukuran badan wideng mangsanya  pada hari ke-5, meskipun pada hari ke-3 memperlihatkan kecenderungan menyukai ukuran badan yang kecil; sehingga wideng bersifat fleksibel sebagai pakan budidaya Scylla.   Kata kunci : Dinamika populasi, wideng, Scylla spp, tingkat predasi
Kajian Daya Dukung Ekowisata Hutan Mangrove Blanakan, Subang, Jawa Barat
Authors: Muhammad Fuad , Basuni Sambas , Munandar Aris , Purnomo Herry
Published: January 2019

Growth in tourist arrivals at ecotourism mangrove in Blanakan can cause a threat to the preservation of conservation areas and tourist attraction. This happens when the utilization of the region exceeds its carrying capacity. The aims of This study  to identify the carrying capacity of ecotourism mangrove in Blanakan as conservation areas are used for tourism activities. The results showed that the carrying capacity the ecotourism mangrove in Blanakan is 425 visitors per day. Pollution load simulation results showed that ecotourism mangrove Blanakan  had suffered pollution by phosphate, ammonia pollution carrying capacity will be passed  in 2019 and organic waste in the year 2011 to 2013, while nitrate and garbage until the year 2032 has not been exceeded.   Key words: ecotourism, mangrove, carrying capacity
Peta Batimetri Danau Rawapening
Authors: Soeprobowati Tri Retnaningsih
Published: January 2019

Lake has an important function as source of water;  maintain biodiversity; source of protein; manage toxicity; device to reduce river flooding; source  of groundwater; device climate; transportation and touris;  medium; and for cultural and religion activities. Semi natural lake of Rawapening has function for hydroelectricity power, irrigation for agriculture, fisheries, and tourism. For maintaning those functions, lake batimetric map is required for limnological study as well as for basic informasi for development lake management. However, there is no batimetric map of Rawapening Lake after1976  lake’s sketch by Goltenboth. Therefore, this survey was conducted in order to update batimetric map of Rawapening. On August 16th, 2008, echosounding was donecfross section and lake edge every 30 second. Recorded data on the GPS then interpolated to the lake depth form in every dot of echosounding.The deepest part of Rawapening Lake was 18 metres, around Bukit Cinta spring. Comparing to Goltenboth sketch, the Rawapening Lake depth was not quite change. North West part of the lake remain has 2-4.7 metres depth. However, based on sedimentation rate, the shallowness lake was very sharply, and predicted that in 2021 Rawapening Lake will full of sediment. Maintaning lake depth is a must to maintain lake’s function.   Key words: batimetri, Danau Rawapening, limnologi
Respon Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Senyawa Antioksidan pada Kalus Rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) dari Eksplan yang Berbeda secara in vitro
Authors: Noviati Agustin , Nurchayati Yulita , Setiari Nintya
Published: January 2019

Callus induction method can be used as tool in producing plant secondary metabolites. One of this compound found in roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is antioxidant agent i.e ascorbic acid and carotenoid. The callus could be induced from any kind of explants in tissue culture. The aims of this experiment is to select explant which can encourage of callus formation beside high level of antioxidant compounds. The treatment of experiment was three kinds of explants i.e section of leaf, petiole and flower sepal. Sterilized explants were planted in MS (Murashige&Skoog) combined with 2 mg/L NAA dan 5 mg/L BAP.  This experiment has been conducted by completly randomized design with 5 replicates Growth variable, included fresh weight callus, growth presentation, callus respons and biochemical variable like content of ascorbic acid and carotenoid were analyzed.  The data were analyzed by analysis of varian and Duncan’s test at 95% significant level. Thed results showed that all kinds of explant dedifferentiated into callus which antioxidant content. Callus from leaf section had the higgest fresh weight with high level ascorbic acid. Whereas the higgest carotenoid level was obtained from callus-derived flower sepals. It conclused that  in vitro callus was useful for producing plant biochemical compounds.   Keywords : Callus induction, antioxidant agents, explants, ascorbic acid, cartenoid
Struktur Komunitas Mikroartropoda Tanah Di Hutan Wisata Gonoharjo Kecamatan Limbangan Kabupaten Kendal
Authors: Wahyu Nugroho Nindta Putra , Rahadian Rully , Hadi Mochamad
Published: January 2019

The study on community structure of soil microarthropod in Gonoharjo Tourism Forest has been done. The objective of this research are to compare community structure of soil microartropod and to know the effect of abiotic environmental factors on abundance of soil microarthropod in Tourism Forest of Gonoharjo. This research was conducted using transect method in four sampling locations i.e., coffe vegetation, pine vegetation, mixed vegetation in hot spring water area, and mixed vegetation of riverside area. Soil sampling were used soil corer, and then the sample were extracted using barlese-tullgren. The finding shows 4 Sub Orders and 22 Families from 10 Orders. Acari was the most dominant group in each observed locations. The most diverse was found in mixed vegetation on hot spring water area, while the least one was found in coffe vegetation. Then, the highest evenness index was found in mixed vegetation on riverside area, while the lowest evenness was found in coffe vegetation. Moreover , the richest soil microarthropods found in mixed vegetation on hot spring water area and the lowest richness was found in mixed vegetation on riverside area. Statistically, abiotic environmental factors that have big impact on soil microarthropod abundance were soil organic matter, soil pH, and soil moisture. .   Keywords : community structure, soil microarthropod, Acari, Tourism Forest of Gonoharjo
Aplikasi Pakan Kaya Karotenoid Hasil Fusi ProtoplasmIntergenera Dunaliella salina dan Chlorella vulgaris pada Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon F.) Stadia PL-20 Di Desa Asempapan, Pati, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Rahmawati Novia , Zainuri Muhammad , Kusumaningrum Hermin Pancasakti
Published: January 2019

Dunaliella salina and Chlorella vulgaris is a natural feed microalgae with high carotenoid content that can be increased using protoplast fusion technique. Protoplast fusion as one of the application fields of genetic engineering is a method for obtaining recombinant with the desired properties and profitable in a short time. This study aimed to see the effect of the addition of carotenoid-rich feed results from protoplast fusion recombinant D. salina and C. vulgaris on the survival rate and weight of shrimp post larvae. Mixed fusion results feed and artificial feed needed for the growth of post-larval shrimp, moulting and skin pigmentation. The results showed that the recombinant from protoplast fusion intergenera D. salina and C. vulgaris contains carotenoid pigments higher, reaching 124.6 mg / g bks from the second parent, namely D. salina reached 101.83 mg / g bks, while C. vulgaris 97.18 ug / g bks. Feed manufacturing is done by mixing pellets and 80-100x103 cells per 0.0225 g of feed. Application of feed carried on Penaeus monodon F. (tiger prawn) stadia PL-20 for a month. The results of weight measurements showed the highest prawn post larvae reached at artificial feeding plus recombinant protoplast fusion results intergenera D. salina and C. vulgaris and was able to raise the level of post-larval shrimp survival rate reached 88%.   Keywords: D. salina, C. vulgaris, Protoplast Fusion, Carotenoid, Penaeus monodon F.
Kinetika Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Inulinase Fusan F7
Authors: Wijanarka Wijanarka , Soetarto Endang Sutariningsih , Dewi Kumala , Indrianto Ari
Published: January 2019

Pertumbuhan dapat diartikan sebagai suatu pertambahan bagian-bagian sel. Adanya     pertumbuhan sel biasanya dapat diketahui dengan adanya pertambahan ukuran dan     pembelahan sel. Populasi sel khususnya mikroba  secara kuantitatif atau kualitatif dapat digunakan untuk memantau atau mengkaji fenomena pertumbuhan.Enzim inulinase (E.C. 3.2.1.7) adalah enzim yang mampu merombak substrat inulin menjadi monomer fruktosa. Fruktosa merupakan bahan baku (doctoring agent) untuk proses  pembuatan FOS, IOS, pulullan, aseton dan sorbitol.Tujuan  penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kinetika kecepatan pertumbuhan specifik (µ), waktu generasi (g) dan aktivitas inulinase yang dihasilkan oleh fusan F7.  Fusan F7 merupakan hasil fusi antara Pichia manshurica dan Rhodosporidium paludigenum.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Fusan F7 mempunyai kecepatan pertumbuhan specific (µ)  sebesar 0.3299 jam dengan waktu generasi (g) 2.1012 jam dan aktivitas enzim inulinase yang dihasilkan sebesar  0.5337 IU. Hasil tersebut  terletak diantara kedua parentalnya yaitu P. manshurica (µ= 0.27935 jam; g = 2.4815 jam dan aktivitas = 0.557 IU) dan Rh. paludigenum (µ= 0.3787 jam; g = 1.8304 jam dan aktivitas = 0.3263 IU). Kata kunci : Pertumbuhan;  fusan F7; inulinase ; umbi dahlia
Keragaman Jenis dan Kelimpahan Populasi Penggerek Batang Padi dan Serangga Lain Berpotensi Hama Pada Ekosistem Sawah Organik
Authors: Hadi Mochamad , Soesilohadi RC Hidayat , Wagiman FX , Soehardjono Yayuk Rahayuningsih
Published: January 2019

Rice stem borer is a main pest of paddy rice in Central Java. The main rice stem borer are yellow rice borer, Scirpophaga incertulas Walker, and white rice borer, S. innonata Walker. Other species are pink borer Sesamia inferens Walker, striped rice borer Chilo suppressalis Walker, dark-headed rice borer, C. polychrysus Meyrick, and glossy rice borer, C. auricilius Dudgeon. Besides rice stem borer, there are many other insect which are potential as rice pest, i.e., grasshopper, rice ear bug, brown planthopper, etc. Organic agriculture in Central Java have not been applied yet, hence there is still lack of information, including species diversity information and abundance of rice stem borer population and other potential insect pest on rice. Species diversity and population abundance of rice stem borer and other potential insect in organic rice ecosystem differ with the inorganic one. The objective of this research is to study species diversity and abundance of rice stem borer population and other potential pest in organic rice ecosystem. The study was conducted in organic rice of Bakalrejo Village, Susukan Sub district, District of Semarang. Species diversity and population abundance was analyzed using Shanon-Wiener’s species diversity index (H’), population abundance index (Di), and population evenness index (e). Pattern of  species diversity, population abundance, population evenness were temporally analyzed using population dynamic curve. Sampling of species diversity and population abundance was performed during a crop planting season with twice of sampling frequency. The result shows that rice stem borer found  were yellow rice borer with its population fluctuated temporally and pink rice borer with  its population were few and scarce. The highest diversity found during rice generative phase until ripen and decline in line with the age of rice. Species diversity index in vegetative phase was below 2, while during generative phase until ripen increased above 2. Insect population abundance declined in the end vegetative phase and increased in the beginning of reproductive phase until ripen phase. Population evenness index in all growth phase of rice were relatively high and similar. Keywords : organic rice, rice stem borer, insect pest of rice.
Penambahan Filtrat Tepung Umbi Dahlia (Dahlia variabilis Willd.) sebagai Prebiotik dalam Pembuatan Yoghurt Sinbiotik
Authors: Alfaridhi Khabib Khasan , Lunggani Arina Tri , Kusdiyantini Endang
Published: January 2019

Yoghurt is a fermented milk product that can provide beneficial effects to the health of consumers. Increasing the quality of yoghurt can be made by combining the benefits of probiotic with prebiotic to produce sinbiotic yoghurt. Inulin is a prebiotic that found in many dahlia tuber (Dahlia variabilis Willd.). Pure inulin were expensive, so the alternative is using dahlia tuber flours filtrate as prebiotic ingredients. This study aimed to examine the addition of Dahlia Tuber Flours Filtrate (DTFF) as a prebiotic in sinbiotic yoghurt making using Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus termophilus dan Lactobacillus acidopilus as probiotic. This research using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 concentration treatments DTFF 0%, 3%, 6% and 9% with 3 replications. Observed variables consist of the number of total LAB, lactic acid level, pH and organoleptic attributes (aroma, flavor, consistency and impression). Data the number of total LAB, lactic acid level and pH values ​​were analyzed by ANOVA, continued by Duncan test, while the organoleptic data was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test with 95% significant level. The results showed that the addition of DTFF significantly affect the increasing of total LAB, lactic acid level, organoleptic assessment and decreasing pH of sinbiotic yoghurt. Sinbiotic yoghurt with 3% of DTFF concentration is most preferred by panelists and required the criteria of Indonesian National Standard (SNI) for yoghurt with enough likely aroma, sour taste/specify and enough thick texture with total LAB 2,4 x 108 CFU/ml, 1.3% lactic acid levels and 4.2. pH. Keywords : prebiotic, probiotic, inulin, dahlia tuber, sinbiotic yoghurt, lactobacillus bulgaricus, streptococcus termophilus, lactobacillus acidopilus
Struktur Komunitas Mesofauna Tanah dan Kapasitas Infiltrasi Air setelah diberi Perlakuan Biostarter Pengurai Bahan Organik
Authors: Andriani Latifah Fitria , Rahadian Rully , Hadi Mochamad
Published: January 2019

Research about the biostarter application on the biopori concept through parameter of soil mesofauna community structure and water infiltration capacity was aimed to investigate the effect of biostarter product on soil mesofauna community structure and water infiltration rate at Lubang Resapan Biopori (LRB) aged 30 days and 50 days, also the correlation between mesofauna community structure and soil infiltration capacity. This study uses a single factor completely randomized design, which has 5 treatments including control, EM4, Bioklin, Mig Dec, and Orgadec. The results showed that the addition of biostarter affects soil mesofauna community structure, particularly positive effect on the abundance of Oribatida and Mesostigmata. Products Orgadec was able to increase faster the abundance of mesofauna both at the age of LRB 30 days and 50 days, whereas Mig Dec and EM4 starting to show its influence on the LRB after 50 days. Infiltration rate LRB age of 30 days showed a significant difference in treatment of Orgadec only, whereas at the age of 50 days, the significant difference is indicated in the treatment EM4​​, Mig Dec and Orgadec. Based on the Spearman correlation test, the total number of individuals and number of Oribatida. Both showed significant positive correlation with the infiltration rate.   Keywords: biostarter, community structure, soil mesofauna, infiltration rate, LR
Eksplorasi Jamur Alkalotoleran dari Desa Sukolilo Barat, Kecamatan Labang, Kabupaten Bangkalan, Madura, Jawa Timur
Authors: Lusiana Helga , Rukmi MG Isworo , Raharjo Budi
Published: January 2019

Mold exploration from limestone hills West Sukolilo  village, District Labang, Bangkalan, Madura, East Java,  conducted to found the  alkalotolerant mold isolates and investigate their  amylolytic, proteolytic, and cellulolytic activity. Mold isolation were done using spread plate and dilution method  on  PDA and CMA at pH 8.0, 9.0, and 10.0. Twenty-seven mold isolates have been found consist of  four genus  i.e. Aspergillus, Fusarium, Curvularia, and Trichoderma. The result of amylolytic test  showed Trichoderma longibrachiatum (IMD-26) have the  highest activity at pH 8, while  Fusarium sp 2 (IMD-24) showed the highest activity at pH 9. Aspergillus flavus (IMD-7) showed highest proteolytic activity at pH 8, while Hyphomycete (IMD-27) showed the highest activity at pH 9. The highest cellulolytic activity at pH 8 showed by Trichoderma harzianum (IMD-25) and pH 9 by Fusarium sporotrichoides (IMD-20). Keyword : alkalotoleran mold, amylolytic, proteolytic, cellulolytic.
Kloning Gen pcbC dari Penicillium chrysogenum ke dalam Plasmid pPICZA untuk Pengembangan Produksi Penisilin G
Authors: Wiharyani Risma , Hardianto Dudi , Kusumaningrum Hermin Pancasakti , Budiharjo Anto
Published: January 2019

Availability of drugs in Indonesia is still limited by the high prices of drugs due to on the imported raw materials that reaches 95%. Developing antibiotic raw materials can be achieved by increasing of penicillin G production, which is the raw material for the formation of semisynthetic penicillin derivatives through the production of 6-aminopenisillanic acid (6-APA). One of the important enzyme in the penicillin G biosynthesis is Isopenisilin N Synthase (IPNS) that encodes by pcbC gene on Penicillium chrysogenum. This study aimed to obtain a recombinant of pcbC gene fragments that is inserted into pPICZA plasmid. Amplification of pcbC gene used pcbC-F and pcbC-R primers. The pcbC gene fragment was inserted into pPICZA vector and then transformed into TOP 10 F’. The results showed that the recombinant of the pcbC gene fragment from P. chrysogenum has been obtained. Analysis of DNA sequences using the BLAST program showed that the pcbC gene fragment has high homology (99%) with the  pcbC gene from P. chrysogenum Wisconsin 54-1255 and P. chrysogenum AS-P-78 which encodes IPNS   Keywords: pcbC Gene, Penicillium chrysogenum, cloning, penicillin G
Potensi Tepung Umbi Dahlia Dan Ekstrak Inulin Dahlia Sebagai Sumber Karbon Dalam Produksi Fruktooligosakarida (FOS) Oleh Khamir Kluyveromyces marxianus DUCC-Y-003
Authors: Yuliana Rida , Kusdiyantini Endang , Izzati Munifatul
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi manfaat umbi dahlia dalam bentuk tepung umbi dan ekstrak inulin sebagai substrat untuk memproduksi FOS. Produksi FOS berlangsung secara mikrobial enzimatis dengan bantuan khamir Kluyveromyces marxianus DUCC-Y-003. Pengkulturan khamir pada media kultur berlangsung selama 60 jam dan dilakukan pengukuran tiap 6 jam. Pengukuran tersebut meliputi pertumbuhan khamir, kadar fruktosa medium dan kadar total gula medium. Penentuan FOS dilakukan dengan cara mengukur nilai derajat polimerisasi (DP). DP merupakan hasil perbandingan antara kadar total gula dengan kadar fruktosa pada media kultur. DP FOS berkisar antara 2-10 dan FOS komersil dengan DP 3-5. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAKF). Perlakuan terdiri atas S1D1 (substrat tepung, dosis 1 g), S1D2 (tepung, 3 g), S1D3 (tepung, 5 g), S2D1 (ekstrak inulin, 1 g), S2D2 (ekstrak inulin, 3 g), S2D3 (ekstrak inulin, 5 g). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan khamir tertinggi pada perlakuan penggunaan ekstrak inulin dengan dosis 1 gram, dan pertumbuhan terendah pada perlakuan penggunaan tepung dengan dosis 5 gram. Pada masing-masing perlakuan, menghasilkan produk FOS dengan nilai DP yang beragam selama waktu inkubasi 60 jam, hanya perlakuan S2D1 (ekstrak inulin, 1g) yang sudah menghasilkan ketiga jenis FOS komersil dalam waktu inkubasi 60 jam. Pada perlakuan S2D1, produk 1-kestosa dihasilkan saat inkubasi 42 jam, produk nystosa saat 48 jam dan produk fruktofurasylnystosa saat 60 jam. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian adalah perlakuan S2D1 paling efektif dalam menghasilkan FOS selama waktu inkubasi 60 jam, sedangkan perlakuan lain dapat menghasilkan FOS yang sama jika lama waktu inkubasi diperpanjang.   Kata kunci : inulin, inulinase, derajat polimerisasi, Kluyveromyces marxianus DUCC-Y-0003
Diversitas Kapang Serasah Daun Talok (Muntingia calabura L.) Di Kawasan Desa Sukolilo Barat, Kecamatan Labang, Kabupaten Bangkalan, Madur
Authors: Miranti Arum Krisna , Rukmi MG Isworo , Suprihadi Agung
Published: January 2019

Leaf litter is one kind of substrate which is good for mold’s growth because of its organic matters content particularly cellulose. Research on mold diversity on Talok (Muntingia calabura L.) leaf litter which grow abundance at Sukolilo Barat Village, Labang Subdistrict, Bangkalan, Madura was conducted in order to determined the diversity and to isolate xerophilic mold as well as to examined the enzymatic activity of the isolates. The isolation has been done by direct and indirect method on DG18 agar, MEA, and OA from three samples which is taken purposively. The enzyme activities observed were cellulolytic, amylolitic and proteolytic at 310C temperature. The results showed that 24 isolates found were come from 3 genus i.e. Aspergillus, Curvularia and Fusarium. The Aspergillus was the largest number found. The Shannon-Wiener Index of Diversity showed that the diversity of three leaf litter samples categorized medium. The highest cellulolytic, amylolitic and proteolytic activity at 310C incubation were showed by A. tamarii (ISM 1), A.aculeatus (ISM 10) , A. terreus sp. 3 (ISM 17) respectively. Keywords : Diversity, mold, talok litter leaf, Madura
Kemampuan Tumbuhan Typha Angustifolia Dalam Sistem Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Untuk Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Kerupuk (Studi Kasus Limbah Cair Sentra Industri Kerupuk Desa Kenanga Kecamatan Sindang Kabupaten Indramayu Jawa Barat)
Authors: Abdulgani Hamdani , Izzati Munifatul , S Sudarno
Published: January 2019

Industrial crackers centers at Kenanga Village has been able to lift the local economy,but that has been polluting the surrounding surface water contamination caused by wastewater discharged directly without any treatment in advance so that the water is black and smells foul . Therefore, the need of alternative wastewater treatment and in the study conducted by the artificial wetlands (constructed wetland) system Sub - surface Flow vertical flow with Typha angustifolia plant and use a medium sized sand 1 mm - 5 mm were previously washed first with media thickness of 30 cm and then operated intermittently using a peristaltic pump 6 times a day with the design of constructed wetlands construction made of wood coated with plastic and reactor dimensions 90 cm x 45 cm x 50 cm . As for the control (no treatment) using use the bucket size diameter 40 cm and height of 20 cm. This study aims to determine the ability of Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland with Typha angustifolia plants in lowering the concentration of TSS , BOD5 , COD , ammonia (NH3 – N) and sulfide (H2S) at 5,10 and 15 days of processing . The results showed a decrease in the concentration efficiency at consecutive time 5 , 10 and 15 days in Subsurface Flow Constructed wetland with Typha angustifolia for TSS 73,78%; 77,18%; 84,71%; BOD5 85,83%; 90,33%; 94,17%; COD 86,94%; 90,65%; 94,87%; Ammonia 76,07%; 84,25%; 87,52%; sulfide 94,56%; 99,18%; 99,81 %.
Inventarisasi Jenis Capung (Odonata) Pada Areal Persawahan Di Desa Pundenarum Kecamatan Karangawen Kabupaten Demak
Authors: Rizal Samsul , Hadi Mochamad
Published: January 2019

Paddy fields is one of the important ecosystem that support human life because here produced rice that is the main food to the human. Besides, paddy field ecosystem also have many diversity of insect, including dragonfly (Odonata). Dragonfly (Odonata) is one of the insect that used to be a predators to the pests in the paddy fields, such as Chilo sp and Nilaparvata lugen. The study on dragonfly was conducted in Pundenarum village, Karangawen, Demak. The objectives of this study is to identify the odonata specieses that lived in paddy field. Inventory of odonata specieses done with field by field method and direct catch using insect net. The result of this study is that 5 specieses of odonata were identified  in paddy field, i.e: Orthetrum sabina, Crocothemis servillia, Pantala flavescens, Agriocnemis femina dan Agriocnemis pygmea. The odonata specieses that identified is part of 2 family, i.e: Libellulidae and Coenagrionidae. It is also found that all species is part of the suborder Anisoptera (dragonfly) and Zygoptera (damselflies). Key word : dragonfly, Odonata, inventory, paddy field.
Kualitas Simplisia Tanaman Biofarmaka Curcuma domestica Setelah Proses Pemanasan Pada Suhu Dan Waktu Bervariasi
Authors: Kusumaningrum Hermin Pancasakti , Kusdiyantini Endang , Pujiyanto Sri
Published: January 2019

Curcuma domestica is one of traditional medicinal plants that is found in Gunungpati Semarang. However the dried product do not achieve optimal standard quality for simplicia  in terms of microbial contaminant and in an industrial scale household. Knowledge on how to use  sterilization   to produce better simplicia and reducing contaminant has not been known by farmers, yet. The purpose of this activity was to obtain the best heating treatment on sterilization of Curcuma simplicia using several temperature under sunlight and oven device. It was also want to  show microbial growth after heating at several times and their  influence on the quality of simplicia after treatment. The method was conducted by  simplicia sterilization of C. domestica using sunlight sterilization for a week and using oven at a temperature of 300C, 400C, 500C and 600C for 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 48 hours. The results showed that heating at temperature of 500C for 48 hours obtained the best simplicia, followed by heating at a temperature of 600C for 16-48 hours without contaminants after storing period for 3 months.   Key words :Curcuma, sterilization, heat, microbia
Perilaku Vektor Malaria Anopheles farauti Laveran (Diptera: Culicidae) Di Ekosistem Pantai (Kabupaten Biak Numfor) Dan Ekosistem Rawa (Kabupaten Asmat) Propinsi Papua
Authors: Kawulur Hanna , Soesilohadi RC Hidayat , Hadisusanto Suwarno , Trisyono Andi
Published: January 2019

Biak Numfor and Asmat districts reported as malaria endemic areas in Papua (Papua Global Fund, 2011). Anopheles farauti mosquito is one of the malaria vectors in the region. Malaria control efforts have been made but there are still many cases of malaria. Malaria control will provide maximum results if there is a match between the vector behavior and programs undertaken. The purpose of this study was to determine the bionomics factors (behavioral) of malaria vector An. farauti mosquitoes in coastal ecosystems (Biak Numfor) and swamp (Asmat); namely: (a). density (b) age and (c) blood-seeking behavior. The method used in this study is human landing collection, resting collection and ELISA blood-feed. The results showed that the population density of An. farauti mosquito did not have a positive relationship with the number of malaria patients in both study areas. The activity of An. farauti mosquito on blood-seeking at the coastal and swamp ecosystems lasted all night but mainly at 18:00 to 19:00 hour. The study also showed that blood-seeking activity mostly done outside of the house. Age estimation of An. farauti mosquito population at coastal ecosystems ranging from 16-18 days, while in the swamp ecosystem is 12-14 days. Population density, approximately age and blood-seeking behavior indicates that An. farauti mosquitoes on the coastal and swamp ecosystems have the potential to be an effective malaria vector.   Keywords: Malaria, Vector, Behavior
Potensi Cangkang Udang Laut (Penaeus monodon F.) Terhadap Profil Lipid Tikus Putih Hiperlipidemia
Authors: Isdadiyanto Sri
Published: January 2019

The objective of this study was to analyze the potency of sea shrimp carapace (Penaeus monodon F.) on lipid profiles of Sprague Dawley rats induced by high fat ration. The animals for this study were twenty adult male rats divided into four groups, i.e. group I as the control was fed with basal ration containing normal fat for 3 months, group II was fed ration containing high fat for 3 months, group III was fed ration containing high fat and given sea shrimp carapace 180 mg per kg body weight per day orally in 2 ml aquadest for 3 months, group IV was fed ration containing high fat for 3 months and after 1 month given sea shrimp carapace 180 mg per kg body weight per day orally in 2 ml aquadest for 2 months. Each group consisted of five animals. After 90 days, the rats were necropsied and the blood were collected to analyzes lipid profiles. Lipid profiles were measured using colorimetric enzymatic method and Roche/Hitachi cobas c systems automatically calculate.  The difference between treatments was statistical analysis by Anava, and continued by Lowest Significant Difference Test to locate the difference. The result showed that high fat diet decreased HDL level, but increased total cholesterol level and LDL level. Sea shrimp carapace increased HDL but decreased total cholesterol level and LDL level in rats by high fat induction.   Keywords: Sea shrimp carapace, Sprague Dawley rats, lipid profiles
Profil Kolestrol Darah Tikus Setelah Pemberian Virgin Coconut Oil Dan Minyak Zaitun
Authors: Djaelani Muhammad Anwar
Published: January 2019

Tingginya kadar kolestrol dalam tubuh menjadi pemicu munculnya berbagai penyakit. Masyarakat berusaha menurunkan kadar kolesterol dalam tubuhnya. Komponen VCO berupa asam lemak jenuh sekitar 90% dan asam lemak tak jenuh sekitar 10%. Asam lemak jenuh VCO didominasi oleh asam laurat. VCO mengandung  asam laurat dan asam kaprilat. Keduanya merupakan asam lemak rantai sedang yang biasa disebut Medium Chain Fatty Acid (MCFA).  Minyak zaitun atau Olive oil mengandung lemak tak jenuh yang tinggi terutama asam oleat dan polifenol. Polifenol merupakan  antioksidan  yang  dapat  mengikat LDL teroksidasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efek asam lemak jenuh yang menggunakan VCO dan efek asam lemak tak jenuh yang menggunakan minyak zaitun terhadap profil kolesterol darah pada tikus putih. Penelitian ini menggunakan Tikus putih jantan sebanyak 25 ekor yang dibagi dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan yaitu P1 adalah kelompok kontrol, P2 kelompok yang diberi VCO 5 mL/kg pakan, P3 kelompok yang diberi VCO 10 mL/kg pakan, P4 kelompok yang diberi minyak zaitun 5 mL/kg pakan dan P5 kelompok yang diberi minyak zaitun 10 mL/kg pakan. Tiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Perlakuan selama 4 minggu. Variabel yang diamati meliputi kadar Kolesterol total, HDL dan LDL darah tikus. Data yang didapat, dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA. Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan pada perlakuan  dengan VCO menunjukkan pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap perubahan ketiga variabel penelitian. Pada perlakuan  dengan minyak zaitun kadar HDL tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antar kelompok perlakuan, kadar Kolesterol total pada kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan penurununan yang tidak signifikan dan kadar LDL pada kelompok perlakuan 10 mL/kg pakan menunjukkan penurununan yang signifikan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian VCO tidak berpengaruh pada profil kolestrol darah tikus normolipidemia, dan minyak zaitun  berpotensi menimbulkan respon penurunan profil kolesterol tikus pada kadar ≥10 mL/kg pakan.   Kata kunci: tikus putih, Kolesterol total, HDL dan LDL, Minyak Zaitun, VCO.
Populasi Penggerek Batang Padi pada Ekosistem Sawah Organik dan Sawah Anorganik
Authors: Hadi Mochamad , Soesilohadi RC Hidayat , Wagiman FX , Soehardjono Yayuk Rahayuningsih
Published: January 2019

Rice stem borer (RSB ) is a major pest for rice in Central Java in the past ten years as well as previous years . The presence of RSB occurs during the rice growing season with a high intensity , especially in the rainy season . RSB which is the main type, yellow RSB Scirpophaga incertulas Walker  and white S. innonata. Walker . Other types are pink  Sesamia inferens Walker , striped Chilo suppressalis Walker, headed black C. polychrysus Meyrick , and shiny C. auricilius Dudgeon. Organic farming in Central Java is still not widely applied so it is still very less information available, including information on the fluctuations in species diversity and population abundance of RSB. In this study examined the types and abundance fluctuations keenekaragaman RSB populations in rice field ecosystem organic and inorganic. Research will be conducted for one year (3 times transplanting rice) paddy ecosystems in organic and inorganic  Bakalrejo Village, District Susukan, Semarang regency. The results showed that the dominant RSB is yellow S. incertulas. Yellow RSB found in every season paddy rice planting in both organic and inorganic rice. While the pink, shiny and white RSB, occasionally encountered. The RSB encountered seem to prefer the ecosystem tend rice paddy organic than inorganic . Keywords : rice stem borer ( RSB ) , organic rice ecosystem, inorganic rice ecosystem.
Ratio Kadar Ldl/Hdl Tikus Putih Sprague Dawley Hiperlipidemia Setelah Diberi Cangkang Udang Laut (Penaeus monodon F.)
Authors: Isdadiyanto Sri
Published: January 2019

The objective of this study was to analyze the ratio of LDL/HDL level of Sprague Dawley rats induced by high fat ration after given of sea shrimp carapace (Penaeus monodon F.). The animals for this study were twenty adult male rats divided into four groups, i.e. group I as the control was fed with basal ration containing normal fat for 3 months, group II was fed ration containing high fat for 3 months, group III was fed ration containing high fat and given sea shrimp carapace 180 mg per kg body weight per day orally in 2 ml aquadest for 3 months, group IV was fed ration containing high fat for 3 months and after 1 month given sea shrimp carapace 180 mg per kg body weight per day orally in 2 ml aquadest for 2 months. Each group consisted of five animals. After 90 days, the rats were necropsied and the blood were collected to analyzes ratio of LDL/HDL level. LDL level and HDL level were measured using colorimetric enzymatic method and Roche/Hitachi cobas c systems automatically calculate.  The difference between treatments was statistical analysis by Anava, and continued by Lowest Significant Difference Test to locate the difference. The result showed that high fat diet increased ratio of LDL/HDL level and Sea shrimp carapace decreased ratio of LDL/HDL level.   Keywords: Sea shrimp carapace, Sprague Dawley rats, ratio of LDL/HDL level
Perbedaan Somatometri Itik Tegal, Itik Magelang Dan Itik Pengging
Authors: Wulandari Desi , Sunarno Sunarno , Saraswati Tyas Rini
Published: January 2019

Local ducks in Indonesia there are several kinds, for example Tegal ducks, Magelang ducks and Pengging duck each having characteristics different somatometri. Research on somatometri ducks that includes body weight, leg length, beak length, wing length, body length, and long-neck ducks important to know somatometri of each duck. This study aimed to analyze the differences somatometri at Tegal ducks, Magelang ducks and Pengging duck, which includes weight, leg length, beak length, wing length, body length, and a long neck. Ducks were used in this study maintained in the Central Breeding and Raising Ducks Work Unit Non Ruminant Livestock Banyubiru, Ambarawa. The study was conducted by measuring somatometri of each six monthold ducks. Duck samples taken from three different types of ducks that Tegal duck, Pengging duck and Magelang duck, of each type of sample taken many ducks as 6 tails. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the differentiating factor is the type of duck. If the data were analyzed contained a real difference, then do a further test using the test Least Significant Differences (LSD) at 95% confidence level. The results showed that there was no significant difference in all parameters of the study. Conclusion of the study three types of ducks will have somatometri not unlike that includes, weight, leg length, beak length, wing length, body length and the length of the neck. It was because give feed and feed same time. Keywords: Local Ducks in Central Java, Somatometri, Tegal ducks, Magelang ducks, Pengging duck
Metode Monitoring Resistensi Populasi Aedes aegypti Dengan Penetapan Konsentrasi Diagnostik
Authors: Sari Vicka Kusuma , Tarwotjo Udi , Hadi Mochamad
Published: January 2019

Aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue fever disease. The most effective way to prevent dengue fever is cutting the spreading chain of dengue fever by controlling the vector with using conventional chemical insecticides. The used of insecticide intensively has became the main factor of resistance in Tembalang, then monitoring is needed to determine the change of A. aegypti susceptibility status against the insecticide. The aim of this research is to determine the sensitivity of A. aegypti population from five locations in Tembalang against pyrethroid synthetic insecticide, and to determine the validity of the diagnostic concentration as a method of monitoring resistance A. aegypti population in Tembalang. This research was conducted in Laboratory of Ecology and Biosystematics Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University Semarang. The procedure of this research were: larvae collection (A. aegypti), insect breeding test, sensitivity test including bioassay, determination of diagnostic concentration and validation. The result showed that the susceptibility level of five population was not significantly different since all populations are still susceptible, with the LC50 range between 0,0031-0,0043% and FR range between 1-1,39 (<4). The result of validation test of diagnostic concentration was 0,0038%, valid as a monitoring method of the resistance of A. aegypti population against pyrethroid synthetic insecticide in Tembalang because c2 value of the five population was lower than the c2 table (df = 1; α = 0,05) = 3,84. Keywords : A. aegypti, monitoring resistance, LC50, diagnostic concentration..
Pengaruh Perendaman Akar Bibit Bayam Merah (Alternanthera amoena Voss.) dalam Larutan Na2CuEDTA terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kandungan Antosianin
Authors: Aini Nabilah , Nurchayati Yulita , Suedy Sri Widodo Agung
Published: January 2019

Red spinach is one of plants containing anthocyanin pigment which has various functions as food and beverage dye, and play a role in the field of health. Anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants is influenced by environmental factors, one of them are nutrients. One of the nutrients needed by plants and part of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway is copper (Cu). Cu can be added in the form of a fertilizer such as Na2CuEDTA. This research aims to study the effect of soaking the red spinach in Na2CuEDTA solution on growth and anthocyanin content, and knowing the optimal Na2CuEDTA concentration for growth and anthocyanin content of red spinach. This research conduct to Complete Random Design of single factor pattern with 5 treatments and 5 replications which are aquades, nutrient solution, nutrient solution+Na2CuEDTA 5 ppm, nutrient solution+Na2CuEDTA 10 ppm, nutrient solution+Na2CuEDTA 20 ppm. Sprouts red spinach that already has 4 leaves soaked in the treatment solution for 10 days, then the plants moved into a soil medium inside the pot for 20 days. The analyzing data which is used is ANOVA continuing with further testing of Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 95% significance level. The result of this research show that soaking of red spinach in Na2CuEDTA solution did not show any significant effect on growth. The growth of red spinach plant is more influenced by nutrient solution while the anthocyanin contents is influenced by nutrients in soil medium. Key words : Red Spinach, Copper, Anthocyanin, Na2CuEDTA
Pengaruh Waktu Fermentasi Teh Kombucha Kadar 50% Terhadap Tebal Dinding Dan Diameter Lumen Arteria Koronaria Tikus Putih
Authors: Isdadiyanto Sri
Published: January 2019

The objective of this study was to analyze the influences of 50% kombucha tea level on wall thickness and lumen diameter of coronary artery in rats. Sixteen male Rattus norvegicus rats, 2 months of age were used as experimental animals, with treatment kombucha tea that has been fermented for 6, 9 and 12 days at the temperature of 25oC per oral. The research design used to a completely randomized with 4 treatment (for 4 weeks) and 4 replications, i.e., P0 = control, without of kombucha tea, P1 = water + 1,8 ml kombucha tea that has been fermented for 6 days in the morning and afternoon, P2 = water + 1,8 ml kombucha tea that has been fermented for 9 days in morning and afternoon, P3 = water + 1,8 ml kombucha tea that has been fermented for 12 days in morning and afternoon. Variables measured were wall thickness and lumen diameter of coronary artery. Data were analyzed with ANOVA followed by Duncan test at 95% confidence level were performed using SPSS version 10,0. The result showed that kombucha tea did not influences the wall thickness and lumen diameter of coronary artery in rats. Key words:   Rattus norvegicus, 50% kombucha tea level, wall thickness, lumen diameter, coronary artery
Glikogen Otot Rangka Ayam Broiler (Gallus gallus) setelah Pemberian Teh Kombucha dalam Air Minum
Authors: Fathoni Nasrul , Djaelani M Anwar , Isdadiyanto Sri
Published: January 2019

Kombucha tea beverage obtained by fermenting sweetened green tea for 12 days with Acetobacter xylinum and Saccharomyces which produce various kinds of organic acids, vitamins, and acts as a probiotic. The role of kombucha tea as a growth promoter is to that improve the metabolic process in the digestion of broiler chickens, so that nutrients can and fulfilled optimally for growth and development. The aim of this research was to analyze the sceletal muscle glycogen glycogen (Gallus gallus) after treat with kombucha tea in drinking water. Kombucha tea used is the result of fermentation of green tea for 12 days. This research used DOC chickens (Day Old Chicken) as much as 20 randomly divided into 4 treatments with concentration ie 0%, 10%, 20%, and 40% kombucha tea in drinking water for 32 days. The variables measured were skeletal muscle glycogen levels, body weight, feed consumption and drink consumption. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncan Test with 95% confidence level using SPSS 17.0 software. The results of this study showed that kombucha tea on skeletal muscle glycogen and feed consumption showed no significant difference, while on body weight and drink consumption showed significantly different results. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that giving kombucha tea in drinking water to a concentration of 40% has not been able to affect the skeletal muscle glycogen in broiler chickens. Key words: Kombucha tea, broiler chicken, glycogen skeletal muscle
Kadar Kolesterol Daging Pada Keturunan F1 Dari Induk Puyuh Jepang (Coturnix coturnix japonica L.) Yang Diberi Suplemen Tepung Kunyit (Curcuma longa L.) Dalam Pakan
Authors: Andriani Regita , Saraswati Tyas Rini , Tana Silvana
Published: January 2019

Quail is one of poultry commodities that compliance the needed of animal protein like egg and meat. Good quality was breed from quail parent that has good physiological condition. This research aimed to quantified cholesterol of quail meat from F1 from quail parent that treatment using turmeric powder supplement on itsfed in order to obtained best quail chick with good physiological condition. This research use Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experimental method. Animal on this research was 15 Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica L.) hens that gave 3 treatments with 5 repetitions. K0 was F1 of quail parent without turmeric powder supplementation, K1 was F1 of quail parent with 54 mg/quail/day turmeric powder supplementation before its sex period, K2 was F1 of quail parent with 108 mg/quail/day turmeric powder supplementation before its sex period. The F1 quail was fed using standard quail feed. Data was obtained from daily fed consumption average, daily water consumption, and quail meat cholesterol rate on 60 day old chicken. Data was analyses using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). This research result showed that daily fed consumption, daily water consumption and meat cholesterol rate of F1 that treatment using turmeric powder supplementation wasn’t show significant difference, so conclusion of this research is physiological condition of F1 was normal. Key words: Quail Meat Cholesterol, F1 of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica), Turmeric powder
Distribusi dan Kemelimpahan Meiofauna di Hulu Sungai Code Yogyakarta
Authors: Hariyati Riche -
Published: January 2019

This research is aimed to study distribution and abundance of meiofauna and the quality of physicochemicalcharacteristics of uppersite of code river and up stream river code Yogyakarta province. Samples weretaken using modified Pysto style corer and were located based on habitat types specific river, which are pool, riffle,rapid, left side and right side of water column. Sample taken four times for each zone. The parameter of for waterquality measured were dissolved oxygen. Water current, alkalinity and pHResult from the analysis showed that the abundance of meiofauna at code river the highest at left side zone.Which was 537.806 individu/m3 with relative abundance was 28,09% result from physico chemical parameter ofdissolved oxygenbetween 5,44 ppm – 6,0 ppm, alkalinity 20 ppm – 25 ppm , pH 7,10 – 7,18.and watercurrenntmeasured between 0,03 m/sec – 0,49 m/sec. The abundance of meiofauna at code river was dominated bygroup of Nematodes horizontal distribution of the fauna was the widest for Nematodes ostracoda, Rhizopoda andinsecta. Physico chemicalquality of code river water was relative good for meiofauna habitat and other waterorganisms