bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Solar signals in CMIP‐5 simulations: the stratospheric pathway
Authors: Mitchell D. M. , Misios S. , Gray L. J. , Tourpali K. , Matthes K. , Hood L. , Schmidt H. , Chiodo G. , Thiéblemont R. , Rozanov E. , Shindell D. , Krivolutsky A.
Published: February 2015

The 11 year solar‐cycle component of climate variability is assessed in historical simulations of models taken from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, phase 5 (CMIP‐5). Multiple linear regression is applied to estimate the zonal temperature, wind and annular mode responses to a typical solar cycle, with a focus on both the stratosphere and the stratospheric influence on the surface over the period ∼1850–2005. The analysis is performed on all CMIP‐5 models but focuses on the 13 CMIP‐5 models that resolve the stratosphere (high‐top models) and compares the simulated solar cycle signature with reanalysis data. The 11 year solar cycle component of climate variability is found to be weaker in terms of magnitude and latitudinal gradient around the stratopause in the models than in the reanalysis. The peak in temperature in the lower equatorial stratosphere (∼70 hPa) reported in some studies is found in the models to depend on the length of the analysis period, with the last 30 years yielding the strongest response.

A modification of the Polar Jet Oscillation (PJO) in response to the 11 year solar cycle is not robust across all models, but is more apparent in models with high spectral resolution in the short‐wave region. The PJO evolution is slower in these models, leading to a stronger response during February, whereas observations indicate it to be weaker. In early winter, the magnitude of the modelled response is more consistent with observations when only data from 1979–2005 are considered. The observed North Pacific high‐pressure surface response during the solar maximum is only simulated in some models, for which there are no distinguishing model characteristics. The lagged North Atlantic surface response is reproduced in both high‐ and low‐top models, but is more prevalent in the former. In both cases, the magnitude of the response is generally lower than in observations.
Imputation of systematically missing predictors in an individual participant data meta‐analysis: a generalized approach using MICE
Authors: Jolani Shahab , Debray Thomas P. A. , Koffijberg Hendrik , van Buuren Stef , Moons Karel G. M.
Published: February 2015

Individual participant data meta‐analyses (IPD‐MA) are increasingly used for developing and validating multivariable (diagnostic or prognostic) risk prediction models. Unfortunately, some predictors or even outcomes may not have been measured in each study and are thus systematically missing in some individual studies of the IPD‐MA. As a consequence, it is no longer possible to evaluate between‐study heterogeneity and to estimate study‐specific predictor effects, or to include all individual studies, which severely hampers the development and validation of prediction models.

Here, we describe a novel approach for imputing systematically missing data and adopt a generalized linear mixed model to allow for between‐study heterogeneity. This approach can be viewed as an extension of Resche‐Rigon's method (Stat Med 2013), relaxing their assumptions regarding variance components and allowing imputation of linear and nonlinear predictors.

We illustrate our approach using a case study with IPD‐MA of 13 studies to develop and validate a diagnostic prediction model for the presence of deep venous thrombosis. We compare the results after applying four methods for dealing with systematically missing predictors in one or more individual studies: complete case analysis where studies with systematically missing predictors are removed, traditional multiple imputation ignoring heterogeneity across studies, stratified multiple imputation accounting for heterogeneity in predictor prevalence, and multilevel multiple imputation (MLMI) fully accounting for between‐study heterogeneity.

We conclude that MLMI may substantially improve the estimation of between‐study heterogeneity parameters and allow for imputation of systematically missing predictors in IPD‐MA aimed at the development and validation of prediction models. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CUP Syndrome in Neuroendocrine Neoplasia: Analysis of Risk Factors and Impact of Surgical Intervention
Authors: Begum Nehara , Wellner Ulrich , Thorns Christoph , Brabant Georg , Hoffmann Martin , Bürk Conny Georg , Lehnert Hendrik , Keck Tobias
Published: February 2015

Background

Neuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN) with unknown primary site (NEN‐CUP tumors) may have a poor prognosis. We evaluated the clinical presentation, therapy, outcome, and risk factors for adverse outcomes in patients who had these tumors.

Methods

In 243 patients who had NEN, a retrospective review was performed in 38 patients who had NEN‐CUP tumors. The 38 patients who had NEN‐CUP tumors were evaluated in three groups: group 1 (surgery; primary tumor detected; ten patients); group 2 (surgery; no primary tumor detected; ten patients); and group 3 (no surgery; 18 patients). Risk factors were evaluated with univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results

Most patients who had NEN‐CUP tumors [32 patients (84 %)] had World Health Organization (WHO) performance score of 0 or 1, and most tumors [24 patients (63 %)] were well differentiated (WHO grade, G1 or G2; Ki‐67 index, ≤20 %). Univariate analysis showed that greater survival was significantly associated with lower patient age, lower WHO performance score, lower WHO grade, lower number of metastatic sites, treatment with surgery, and no treatment with chemotherapy. Multivariate analysis showed that low WHO performance score (hazard ratio 7.63, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 2.63–22.19) and treatment with surgery (hazard ratio 0.10, CI 0.028–0.381) were significant independent predictors of improved survival.

Conclusions

In patients with NEN‐CUP tumors, surgical treatment is an independent predictor of better survival. Therefore, surgical treatment may be indicated in patients with good general health status and well‐differentiated NEN‐CUP tumors.
Effects of Intra‐abdominally Instilled Isotonic Saline on Pain, Recovery, and Health‐Related Quality‐of‐Life Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized Prospective Double‐Blind Controlled Study
Authors: Barthelsson C. , Sandblom G. , Ljesevic‐Nikoletic S. , Hammarqvist F.
Published: February 2015

Introduction

The postoperative installation of isotonic saline in the abdomen has been suggested as a method to reduce the effect of local toxins, thereby reducing postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. The aim of this randomized prospective double‐blind trial was to assess whether installation of isotonic saline can reduce postoperative pain and nausea following laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).

Methods

Altogether 71 LC patients were randomized to either intra‐abdominal instillation of isotonic saline group (S) (n = 36) or no saline (NS) group (n = 35) at the end of surgery. Data were collected by means of questionnaires. The postoperative recovery profile questionnaire was answered prior to surgery and 1 week postoperatively, SF‐36 prior to surgery and at 1 month postoperatively, and a pain diary recording a Visual Analogue Scale score each day during the first week.

Results

The overall response rate was 94 %. No significant differences were seen between the groups regarding abdominal and shoulder pain. However, the NS group reported more pain (NS = 53 %, S = 29 %) and fatigue (NS = 50 %, S = 35 %) than the S group postoperative day 7. Moreover, the most frequently reported problem in both groups 7 days after surgery was getting back to normal life (60 %). Females reported a slower recovery profile than males and also more postoperative symptoms day 7. HRQoL results were similar between the groups.

Conclusion

Instillation of isotonic saline does not improve recovery after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Postoperative pain was more often reported in the NS group than in the S group, though the difference was not significant.
Myths and Misinformation About Gunshot Wounds may Adversely Affect Proper Treatment
Authors: Hafertepen Stephen C. , Davis James W. , Townsend Ricard N. , Sue Lawrence P. , Kaups Krista L. , Cagle Kathleen M.
Published: February 2015

Background

Poorly designed experiments and popular media have led to multiple myths about wound ballistics. Some of these myths have been incorporated into the trauma literature as fact and are included in Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS). We hypothesized that these erroneous beliefs would be prevalent, even among those providing care for patients with gunshot wounds (GSWs), but could be addressed through education.

Methods

ATLS course content was reviewed. Several myths involving wound ballistics were identified. Clinically relevant myths were chosen including wounding mechanism, lead poisoning, debridement, and antibiotic use. Subsequently, surgery and emergency medicine services at three different trauma centers were studied. All three sites were busy, urban trauma centers with a significant amount of penetrating trauma. A pre‐test was administered prior to a lecture on wound ballistics followed by a post‐test. Pre‐ and post‐test scores were compared and correlated with demographic data including ATLS course completion, firearm/ballistics experience, and years of post‐graduate medical experience (PGME).

Results

One‐hundred and fifteen clinicians participated in the study. A mean pre‐test score of 34 % improved to 78 % on the post‐test with associated improvements in all areas of knowledge (p < 0.001). Years of PGME correlated with higher pre‐test score (p = 0.021); however, ATLS status did not (p = 0.774).

Conclusions

Erroneous beliefs involving wound ballistics are prevalent even among clinicians who frequently treat victims of GSWs and could lead to inappropriate treatment. Focused education markedly improved knowledge. The ATLS course and manual promulgate some of these myths and should be revised.
Patterns and Treatment of Recurrence Following Pulmonary Resection for Colorectal Metastases
Authors: Yokota Mitsuru , Kobayashi Akihiro , Nomura Shogo , Nishizawa Yuji , Ito Masaaki , Nagai Kanji , Saito Norio
Published: February 2015

Background

Pulmonary resection is the best therapeutic option for lung metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC) today. However, recurrences are frequent following pulmonary resection. We aimed to evaluate the recurrence pattern and treatment of initial pulmonary resection for metastases from CRC.

Methods

Data from 76 patients with recurrence after curative resection of primary CRC and lung metastases were reviewed. The primary outcome measure was overall survival (OS), defined as the interval between the date of recurrence after pulmonary resection and the date of death or last follow‐up. Cox regression analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with OS.

Results

Recurrence sites after initial pulmonary resection were lung (n = 37), liver (n = 12), others (n = 11), and multiple (n = 16). Treatments for recurrence included surgery (n = 35), chemotherapy (n = 37), and palliative care (n = 4). Of 35 patients who underwent surgery, 22 had pulmonary resection, and 11 had hepatic resection, and 2 had other resection. The 3‐year OS was 84.1 % for surgery, 38.9 % for chemotherapy, and 0 % for palliative care, respectively (p < 0.001). In the surgery group, there was no difference in survival between surgical treatments for pulmonary and hepatic recurrences (p = 0.503). Cox regression analyses identified three factors: disease‐free interval (DFI) (HR 1.99, 95 % CI 1.03–3.83), surgery (HR 0.30, 95 % CI 0.12–0.72), and recurrence site (lung: HR 0.10, 95 % CI 0.04–0.28, liver: HR 0.08, 95 % CI 0.02–0.31).

Conclusions

The most common recurrence site after resection of lung metastases was the lung. Although the relapse rate is high, surgery for isolated recurrences is a promising strategy, especially for patients with long DFI.
Rational engineering of multiple module pathways for the production of l-phenylalanine in Corynebacterium glutamicum
Authors: Zhang Chuanzhi , Zhang Junli , Kang Zhen , Du Guocheng , Chen Jian
Published: February 2015

Microbial production of l-phenylalanine (l-Phe) from renewable sources has attracted much attention recently. In the present study, Corynebacterium glutamicum 13032 was rationally engineered to produce l-Phe from inexpensive glucose. First, all the l-Phe biosynthesis pathway genes were investigated and the results demonstrated that in addition to AroF and PheA, the native PpsA, TktA, AroE and AroA, and the heterologous AroL and TyrB were also the key enzymes for L-Phe biosynthesis. Through combinational expression of these key enzymes, the l-Phe production was increased to 6.33 ± 0.13 g l−1 which was about 1.48-fold of that of the parent strain C. glutamicum (pXM-pheAfbr-aroFfbr) (fbr, feedback-inhibition resistance). Furthermore, the production of l-Phe was improved to 9.14 ± 0.21 g l−1 by modifying the glucose and l-Phe transport systems and blocking the acetate and lactate biosynthesis pathways. Eventually, the titer of l-Phe was enhanced to 15.76 ± 0.23 g l−1 with a fed-batch fermentation strategy. To the best of our knowledge, this was the highest value reported in rationally engineered C. glutamicum 13032 strains. The results obtained will also contribute to rational engineering of C. glutamicum for production of other valuable aromatic compounds.
Genetic inheritance analysis of melon aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) resistance in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Liang Danna , Hu Qijing , Xu Qiang , Qi Xiaohua , Zhou Fucai , Chen Xuehao
Published: February 2015

The melon aphid Aphis gossypii Glover is one of the most serious pests in cucumber production, often causing severe damage in commercial fields. Identifying and deploying resistant germplasm and understanding the inheritance of melon aphid resistance are required for cucumber geneticists to develop an effective breeding strategy. In this study, resistance of 30 cucumber selections to melon aphid was evaluated at the seedling stage. Six generations, P1, P2, F1, BC1, BC2 and F2 derived from the cross of JY30 (susceptible) × EP6392 (resistant), were used as genetic populations to study the inheritance of melon aphid resistance in cucumber with the mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance model with the joint analysis method of multiple generations. Eight of the 30 tested selections displayed resistance to the melon aphid. The resistance of cucumber to melon aphids was controlled by one additive and dominant major gene plus additive and dominant polygenes, and was affected by environment as well. The additive effect and the dominant effect of the major gene were greater than the additive effect and the dominant effect of the polygenes. The heritabilities of the major gene in BC1, BC2 and F2 were 63.62 %, 0 % and 70.39 %, respectively. The polygenic heritabilities were 22.62 %, 37.0 % and 9.32 %, and the ratios of the environmental variance to phenotype variance were 58.54 %, 63.16 % and 30.77 %. We conclude that selections of cucumber with high resistance to melon aphid could be screened in advanced generations.
Generalized trust and diversity in the classroom: A longitudinal study of Romanian adolescents
Authors: Bădescu Gabriel , Sum Paul E.
Published: February 2015

Generalized trust, the faith we place in strangers, is a fundamental attribute of democratic societies. We investigate the development of generalized trust using survey data collected from Romanian high school students within a multi-level, panel research design. We find that diversity in the classroom, defined through ethnic and socio-economic differences, has negative effects on generalized trust. Associational membership interacts indirectly with diversity, counteracting the negative impact of ethnic diversity but reinforcing socio-economic distinctions. The findings support cultural theories of generalized trust and point to the potentially positive role educational policy might play in encouraging trust among youths.
The Works of John Ruskin
Authors: Ruskin John
Published: February 2015

The influence of John Ruskin (1819–1900), both on his own time and on artistic and social developments in the twentieth century, cannot be over-stated. He changed Victorian perceptions of art, and was the main influence behind 'Gothic revival' architecture. As a social critic, he argued for the improvement of the condition of the poor, and against the increasing mechanisation of work in factories, which he believed was dull and soul-destroying. The thirty-nine volumes of the Library Edition of his works, published between 1903 and 1912, are themselves a remarkable achievement, in which his books and essays - almost all highly illustrated - are given a biographical and critical context in extended introductory essays and in the 'Minor Ruskiniana' - extracts from letters, articles and reminiscences both by and about Ruskin. This fourteenth volume contains Ruskin's 'Academy Notes' and other writings on painting and painters.
The Works of John Ruskin
Authors: Ruskin John
Published: February 2015

The influence of John Ruskin (1819–1900), both on his own time and on artistic and social developments in the twentieth century, cannot be over-stated. He changed Victorian perceptions of art, and was the main influence behind 'Gothic revival' architecture. As a social critic, he argued for the improvement of the condition of the poor, and against the increasing mechanisation of work in factories, which he believed was dull and soul-destroying. The thirty-nine volumes of the Library Edition of his works, published between 1903 and 1912, are themselves a remarkable achievement, in which his books and essays - almost all highly illustrated - are given a biographical and critical context in extended introductory essays and in the 'Minor Ruskiniana' - extracts from letters, articles and reminiscences both by and about Ruskin. This thirty-fourth volume contains essays and lectures including 'The Storm-Cloud of the Nineteenth Century'.
Mycenae
Authors: Schliemann Heinrich , Gladstone W. E.
Published: February 2015

Heinrich Schliemann (1822–1890) published Mycenae, an account of his archaeological excavations of the ancient Greek cities of Mycenae and Tiryns, in 1878. Schliemann's astonishing finds revealed that the cities had a historical reality outside Homeric epic. His excavations uncovered many priceless treasures, most famously the 'death mask of Agamemnon' and the shaft graves, filled with pottery, carved stones, skeletons, gold, jewellery and weaponry. He also uncovered much about the layout and architecture of the two lost cities. The volume is generously illustrated with images of artefacts, maps and charts. It is introduced by W. E. Gladstone, who gave Schliemann the political assistance necessary for the excavations to take place. Schliemann's discoveries were met with wild enthusiasm, and while today his methods of excavation are deplored and many of his conclusions thought to be ill-founded, he is rightly credited with the discovery of the lost and ancient Mycenaean civilisation.
Gesture Visible Action as Utterance
Authors: Kendon Adam
Published: February 2015

Gesture, or visible bodily action that is seen as intimately involved in the activity of speaking, has long fascinated scholars and laymen alike. Written by a leading authority on the subject, this 2004 study provides a comprehensive treatment of gesture and its use in interaction, drawing on the analysis of everyday conversations to demonstrate its varied role in the construction of utterances. Adam Kendon accompanies his analyses with an extended discussion of the history of the study of gesture - a topic not dealt with in any previous publication - as well as exploring the relationship between gesture and sign language, and how the use of gesture varies according to cultural and language differences. Set to become the definitive account of the topic, Gesture will be invaluable to all those interested in human communication. Its publication marks a major development, both in semiotics and in the emerging field of gesture studies.
A History of Film Music
Authors: Cooke Mervyn
Published: February 2015

This book provides a comprehensive and lively introduction to the major trends in film scoring from the silent era to the present day, focussing not only on dominant Hollywood practices but also offering an international perspective by including case studies of the national cinemas of the UK, France, India, Italy, Japan and the early Soviet Union. The book balances wide-ranging overviews of film genres, modes of production and critical reception with detailed non-technical descriptions of the interaction between image track and soundtrack in representative individual films. In addition to the central focus on narrative cinema, separate sections are also devoted to music in documentary and animated films, film musicals and the uses of popular and classical music in the cinema. The author analyses the varying technological and aesthetic issues that have shaped the history of film music, and concludes with an account of the modern film composer's working practices.
Python Programming for Biology
Authors: Stevens Tim J. , Boucher Wayne
Published: February 2015

Do you have a biological question that could be readily answered by computational techniques, but little experience in programming? Do you want to learn more about the core techniques used in computational biology and bioinformatics? Written in an accessible style, this guide provides a foundation for both newcomers to computer programming and those interested in learning more about computational biology. The chapters guide the reader through: a complete beginners' course to programming in Python, with an introduction to computing jargon; descriptions of core bioinformatics methods with working Python examples; scientific computing techniques, including image analysis, statistics and machine learning. This book also functions as a language reference written in straightforward English, covering the most common Python language elements and a glossary of computing and biological terms. This title will teach undergraduates, postgraduates and professionals working in the life sciences how to program with Python, a powerful, flexible and easy-to-use language.
A History of the Royal Society
Authors: Weld Charles Richard
Published: February 2015

The Royal Society has been dedicated to scientific inquiry since the seventeenth century and has seen a long line of illustrious scientists and thinkers among its fellowship. The society's Assistant Secretary and Librarian, Charles Richard Weld (1813–1869), spent four years writing this two-volume History of the Royal Society, published in 1848, which also includes illustrations by his wife, Anne. Weld's aim was to document the 'rise, progress, and constitution' of the society. He charts how the informal meetings of like-minded men engaged in scientific pursuits in the mid-1600s developed into a prestigious society that by 1830 counted as one of the world's most influential scientific institutions. Volume 2 describes the governance, funding and organisation of the society from the 1770s to 1830, as well as key scientific concerns. It also contains biographies of notable presidents including James Burrow, Humphry Davy and Joseph Banks.
Naturgeschichte der Vulcane und der Damit in Verbindung Stehenden Erscheinungen
Authors: Landgrebe Georg
Published: February 2015

This two-volume natural history of volcanoes and volcanic phenomena was first published in Germany in 1855 by the chemist and mineralogist Georg Landgrebe (1802–1872) and was intended for scientifically literate enthusiasts rather than for specialists. The book begins with a review of contemporary work on volcanoes, explaining the theories of Leopold von Buch and the lively international debates they had generated among scholars including Charles Lyell, George Poulett Scrope and Charles Daubeny (also reissued in this series). Volume 1 lists the world's volcanoes by region, giving details of their altitude, mineralogy, and recent eruptions (including Etna in 1832 and Mount St Helens in September 1842). Landgrebe makes frequent reference to published work, summarising eyewitness accounts of vegetation, terrain and volcanic activity. He gives particular attention to Vesuvius and to the volcanoes of Iceland and Java, but there is also thorough coverage of the Americas, the Caribbean and the Pacific.
Agricola
Authors: Heitland William Emerton
Published: February 2015

William Emerton Heitland (1847–1935) was a Cambridge classicist, who was described as having 'a passionate desire to attain the truth'. His most distinguished work, Agricola, published in 1921, is a detailed study of agricultural labour in classical times. He makes use of a wide range of sources, from Homer in the eighth century BCE to Apollinaris Sidonius in the fifth century CE. In asking the question, by whom and under what conditions was the work done, he deals with land tenure, taxation, military service and political theory. He argues that changes in agricultural production were necessarily connected to changes in other areas of society. To a large extent, classical agriculture was based on slavery, and even those who were free tenants had limited legal rights. Roman poets such as Virgil idealised the pastoral life, but may not reflect reality. It is an important sourcebook for social and economic history.
The Fossil Flora of Great Britain
Authors: Lindley John , Hutton William
Published: February 2015

Employed early on in his career by Sir Joseph Banks, the botanist John Lindley (1799–1865) went on to conduct important research on the orchid family and also recommended that Kew Gardens should become a national botanical institution. This pioneering three-volume work of palaeobotany, first published between 1831 and 1837, catalogues almost 300 species of fossil plants from the Pleistocene to the Carboniferous period. The geologist and palaeontologist William Hutton (1797–1860), with whom Lindley collaborated, was responsible for collecting the fossil specimens from which the 230 plates were drawn. The first serious attempt at organising and interpreting the evidence of Britain's primeval plant life, this resource is notable also for its prefatory discussion of topics such as coal seams and prehistoric climate. Volume 2 opens with a preface on coal, followed by descriptions of some of the fossil plants found therein (plates 80-156).
China's Path to Innovation
Authors: Fu Xiaolan
Published: February 2015

Over the past three decades, China has experienced rapid economic growth and a fascinating transformation of its industry. However, much of this success is the result of industrial imitation and China's continuing success now relies heavily on its ability to strengthen its indigenous innovation capability. In this book, Xiaolan Fu investigates how China can develop a strategy of compressed development to emerge as a leading innovative nation. The book draws on quantitative and qualitative research that includes cross-country, cross-province and cross-firm analysis. Large multi-level panel datasets, unique survey databases, and in-depth industry case studies are explored. Different theoretical approaches are also used to examine the motivations, obstacles and consequences of China's innovation with a wider discussion around what other countries can learn from China's experience. This book will appeal to scholars and policy-makers working in fields such as innovation policy, technology management, development and international economics and China studies.
Pharmacologia
Authors: Paris John Ayrton
Published: February 2015

The physician and author John Ayrton Paris (1785–1856), several of whose other medical and popular works have been reissued in the Cambridge Library Collection, published the first edition of this book in 1812. It was immediately successful, and went into eight further editions until 1843: this reissue is of the 1820 third edition. Many volumes on materia medica existed at the time, and Paris claims in his preface that he is not disparaging these competitor works, but that they presume too much prior knowledge on the part of the reader. His own work is designed to inform the student of the properties and effects of each medicinal substance, and how they function, both alone and in combinations. This will lead to greater understanding of the efficacy of medicines, and also help to prevent their adulteration. The qualities of each ingredient are discussed, and formulae and doses provided.
The Best Are Leaving
Authors: Wills Clair
Published: February 2015

Clair Wills's The Best Are Leaving is an important and wide-ranging study of post-war Irish emigrant culture. Wills analyses representations of emigrants from Ireland and of Irish immigrants in Britain across a range of discourses, including official documents, sociological texts, clerical literature, journalism, drama, literary fiction, and popular literature and film. This book, written by a leading critic of Irish literature and culture, discusses topics such as the loss of the finest people from rural Ireland and the destruction of traditional communities; the anxieties of women emigrants and their desire for the benefits of modern consumer society; the stereotype of the drunken Irishman; the charming and authentic country Irish in the city; and the ambiguous meanings of Irish Catholicism in England, which was viewed as both a threatening and civilising force. Wills explores this theme of emigration through writers as diverse as M. J. Molloy, John B. Keane, Tom Murphy, and Edna O'Brien.
Brokering Europe
Authors: Vauchez Antoine
Published: February 2015

Since the 1960s, the nature and the future of the European Union have been defined in legal terms. Yet, we are still in need of an explanation as to how this entanglement between law and EU polity-building emerged and how it was maintained over time. While most of the literature offers a disembodied account of European legal integration, Brokering Europe reveals the multifaceted roles Euro-lawyers have played in EU polity, notably beyond the litigation arena. In particular, the book points at select transnational groups of multipositioned legal entrepreneurs which have been in a situation to elevate the role of law in all sorts of EU venues. In doing so, it draws from a new set of intellectual resources (field theory) and empirical strategies only very recently mobilized for the study of the EU. Grounded on an extensive historical investigation, Brokering Europe provides a revised narrative of the 'constitutionalization of Europe'.
Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change
Authors: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Published: February 2015

This latest Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) will again form the standard reference for all those concerned with climate change and its consequences, including students, researchers and policy makers in environmental science, meteorology, climatology, biology, ecology, atmospheric chemistry and environmental policy.
Treatise on the Comparative Geography of Western Asia
Authors: Rennell James
Published: February 2015

James Rennell (1742–1830) could be claimed as the father of historical geography. After a long career at sea and in India, during which he had learned surveying and cartography, he returned to England, and entered the circle of Sir Joseph Banks, who encouraged him to widen the his interests to include the geography of the ancient world. This two-volume work was published posthumously in 1831: Rennell had been working on the topic for many years, and had published a part of his findings in 1814, as Observations on the Topography of the Plain of Troy, also reissued in this series. The area covered in the treatise is a wide one, from Egypt to the Danube and from the Aegean to the Caspian Sea. In Volume 1, Rennell lays out his geographical findings, and begins to discuss the relations of the modern to the ancient world.
Treatise on the Comparative Geography of Western Asia
Authors: Rennell James
Published: February 2015

James Rennell (1742–1830) could be claimed as the father of historical geography. After a long career at sea and in India, during which he had learned surveying and cartography, he returned to England, and entered the circle of Sir Joseph Banks, who encouraged him to widen the his interests to include the geography of the ancient world. This two-volume work was published posthumously in 1831: Rennell had been working on the topic for many years, and had published a part of his findings in 1814, as Observations on the Topography of the Plain of Troy, also reissued in this series. The area covered in the treatise is a wide one, from Egypt to the Danube and from the Aegean to the Caspian Sea. In Volume 2, Rennell surveys the Greek and Roman territories of Asia Minor, and considers in detail the Roman road network of the area.
Greece under the Romans
Authors: Finlay George
Published: February 2015

A philhellene who took part in the Greek war of independence alongside Lord Byron, George Finlay (1799–1875) later published this work on the country's ancient history in 1844. The text covers political, religious and social life in Greece from the Roman conquest of 146 BCE until 717 CE, the beginning of the Isaurian dynasty of the Byzantine Empire. By focusing on the many ways in which Greece differed from Rome, Finlay demonstrates that the Roman Empire was by no means homogenous in terms of culture or political organisation, and that these differences contributed to the more obvious divides between the eastern and western empires, not only in terms of social life and government but also in terms of their ultimate demise. Also reissued in this series are Finlay's History of the Greek Revolution (1861) and his seven-volume History of Greece (1877), covering the period from the Romans to 1864.
The Australian Army from Whitlam to Howard
Authors: Blaxland John
Published: February 2015

The Australian Army from Whitlam to Howard is the first critical examination of Australia's post-Vietnam military operations, spanning the 35 years between the election of Gough Whitlam and the defeat of John Howard. John Blaxland explores the 'casualty cringe' felt by political leaders following the war and how this impacted subsequent operations. He contends that the Australian Army's rehabilitation involved common individual and collective training and reaffirmation of the Army's regimental and corps identities. He shows how the Army regained its confidence to play leading roles in East Timor, Bougainville and the Solomon Islands, and to contribute to combat operations further afield. At a time when the Australian Army's future strategic role is the subject of much debate, and as the 'Asian Century' gathers pace and commitment in Afghanistan draws to an end, this work is essential reading for anyone interested in understanding the modern context of Australia's military land force.
The U.S. Grinnell Expedition in Search of Sir John Franklin
Authors: Kane Elisha Kent
Published: February 2015

Dr Elisha Kane (1820–57), the most famous of American Arctic explorers before Peary, published this work in 1853. Having graduated from medical school, Kane joined the US Navy in 1843, and in 1850 was appointed senior medical officer on the expedition financed by the philanthropist Henry Grinnell to search for Sir John Franklin. Kane had departed on a second expedition while this book was in press, and he continued his Arctic travels, to the detriment of his health, until the year before his early death. In this work, Kane describes the origins of the expedition in the worldwide appeal by Lady Franklin, and, using his own journals, gives a vivid account of a winter spent icebound in the Arctic. Among the appendices is the official report of the expedition's commander, Lieutenant De Haven. Though Franklin's first winter camp was found, there were no further traces of his crew.
Disability, Education and Employment in Developing Countries
Authors: Lamichhane Kamal
Published: February 2015

With several empirical evidences, this book advocates on the importance of human capital of persons with disabilities and demands the paradigm shift from charity into investment approach. Society in general believes that people with disabilities cannot benefit from education, cannot participate in the labour market and cannot be contributing members to families and countries. To invalidate such assumptions, this book describes how education in particular helps make persons with disabilities achieve economic independence and social inclusion. For the first time, detailed analyses of returns to the investment in education and nexus between disability, education, employability and occupational options are discussed. Moreover, other chapters describe disability and poverty followed by the discussion of barriers behind why persons with disabilities are unable to obtain education despite the significantly higher returns. These foundational themes recur throughout the book.
The Municipal Parks, Gardens, and Open Spaces of London
Authors: Sexby John James
Published: February 2015

This survey, and fascinating history, of the public green spaces of London was published in 1898. Its author, John J. Sexby, the Chief Officer of Parks of the London County Council, is described as a lieutenant-colonel and a professional associate of the Surveyors' Institution, from which it can be deduced that he probably worked as a surveyor in the army. His skills as a horticulturalist and garden designer cannot be doubted, and he left his mark on many of the municipal parks and gardens about which he writes with such enthusiasm. Sexby focuses on the municipal parks (those maintained by local authorities) rather than the nationally managed parks in central London. He describes large open spaces such as Hampstead Heath as well as small, disused churchyards like that of St Dunstan's in Stepney, providing details of their former owners and use as well as their present condition.
Covariant Loop Quantum Gravity
Authors: Rovelli Carlo , Vidotto Francesca
Published: February 2015

Quantum gravity is among the most fascinating problems in physics. It modifies our understanding of time, space and matter. The recent development of the loop approach has allowed us to explore domains ranging from black hole thermodynamics to the early Universe. This book provides readers with a simple introduction to loop quantum gravity, centred on its covariant approach. It focuses on the physical and conceptual aspects of the problem and includes the background material needed to enter this lively domain of research, making it ideal for researchers and graduate students. Topics covered include quanta of space; classical and quantum physics without time; tetrad formalism; Holst action; lattice QCD; Regge calculus; ADM and Ashtekar variables; Ponzano-Regge and Turaev-Viro amplitudes; kinematics and dynamics of 4D Lorentzian quantum gravity; spectrum of area and volume; coherent states; classical limit; matter couplings; graviton propagator; spinfoam cosmology and black hole thermodynamics.
Handbook of the New Zealand Flora
Authors: Hooker Joseph Dalton
Published: February 2015

Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817–1911), botanist, explorer, and director of the Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew, is chiefly remembered as a close friend and colleague of Darwin, his publications on geographical distribution of plants supporting Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. In 1839 Hooker became an assistant surgeon on HMS Erebus during Ross' Antarctic expedition. The boat wintered along the New Zealand coast, Tasmania and the Falkland Islands, enabling Hooker to collect over 700 plant species. Drawing heavily on Hooker's illustrated Flora Novae Zelandiae (1854–1855), this two-volume work (1864–1867) contains a comprehensive list of New Zealand plant species as well as those of the Chatham, Kermadec, Auckland, Campbell and Macquarrie Islands. As the first major study of New Zealand flora, Hooker's handbook remained the authority on the subject for half a century. Volume 2 continues Hooker's meticulous description and categorization of New Zealand flora.
History of Australia
Authors: Rusden George William
Published: February 2015

When George William Rusden (1819–1903) was fourteen, his family emigrated from England to Australia, where he later became a prominent educationalist and civil servant. Already an author of numerous books and pamphlets, he began work on his History of Australia after his retirement, and it was published in 1883 in three volumes. Although the work is considered sympathetic to the Aboriginal people of Australia, it is also infused with Rusden's Tory politics, infuriating his critics – one wrote that the volumes were 'as untrustworthy as a partisan pamphlet well can be without deliberate dishonesty'. Despite initial criticism, these wide-ranging volumes form an important early contribution to the writing of Australian history. Volume 2 continues Rusden's examination of earlier governors, starting with Ralph Darling (1772–1858) and ending with George Gipps (1791–1847), before discussing immigration, the end of the practice of transporting prisoners, and the discovery of gold.
How the War was Won
Authors: O'Brien Phillips Payson
Published: February 2015

World War II is usually seen as a titanic land battle, decided by mass armies, most importantly those on the Eastern Front. Phillips Payson O'Brien shows us the war in a completely different light. In this compelling new history of the Allied path to victory, he argues that in terms of production, technology and economic power, the war was far more a contest of air and sea than land supremacy. He shows how the Allies developed a predominance of air and sea power which put unbearable pressure on Germany and Japan's entire war-fighting machine from Europe and the Mediterranean to the Pacific. Air and sea power dramatically expanded the area of battle and allowed the Allies to destroy over half the Axis' equipment before it had even reached the traditional 'battlefield'. Battles such as El Alamein, Stalingrad and Kursk did not win World War II; air and sea power did.
The Hadal Zone
Authors: Jamieson Alan
Published: February 2015

The hadal zone represents one of the last great frontiers in marine science, accounting for 45% of the total ocean depth range. Despite very little research effort since the 1950s, the last ten years has seen a renaissance in hadal exploration, almost certainly as a result of technological advances that have made this otherwise largely inaccessible frontier, a viable subject for research. Providing an overview of the geology involved in trench formation, the hydrography and food supply, this book details all that is currently known about organisms at hadal depths and linkages to the better known abyssal and bathyal depths. New insights on how, where and what really survives and thrives in the deepest biozone are provided, allowing this region to be considered when dealing with sustainability and conservation issues in the marine environment.
Flora Australiensis
Authors: Bentham George , Mueller Ferdinand von
Published: February 2015

George Bentham (1800–84) was one of Britain's most influential botanists, whose own collection of plant specimens numbered more than 100,000. Although he donated his herbarium to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in 1854, he continued to make significant contributions to the field, including this exhaustive, seven-volume work detailing the plant life of Australia, which was published from 1863 to 1878. It was part of a series of works commissioned by the British government to document the flora in its colonies. Using the extensive numbers of specimens at Kew - and with the help of Ferdinand Mueller (1825–96), a German botanist in Australia - Bentham was able to compile descriptions of more than 8,000 species of Australian plants, making these volumes the first completed compendium of the flora of any large continental area. Volume 3, published in 1866, describes 14 orders of dicotyledon flora in the subclasses polypetalae and monopetalae.
The Political Roots of Racial Tracking in American Criminal Justice
Authors: Moore Nina M.
Published: February 2015

The race problem in the American criminal justice system persists because we enable it. The tendency of liberals to point a finger at law enforcement, racial conservatives, the War on Drugs, is misguided. Black as well as white voters, Democrat as much as Republican lawmakers, President Obama as much as Reagan, both Congress and the Supreme Court alike; all are implicated. We all are 'The Man'. Whether the problem is defined in terms of blacks' overrepresentation in prisons or in terms of the disproportional use of deadly police force against blacks, not enough of us demand that something be done. The Political Roots of Racial Tracking in American Criminal Justice is the story of how the race problem in criminal justice is continually enabled in the national crime policy process, and why.
Annals of a Clerical Family
Authors: Venn John
Published: February 2015

John Venn (1834–1923), a leading British logician, moral scientist and historian of Cambridge, came from a noted family of clerics, although he resigned from the clergy as his philosophical studies led him away from Anglican orthodoxy. This family memoir, published in 1904, covers the careers of three centuries of Venn clergy, together with an outline of the family origins and pedigrees. The family came from Devon, where William Venn was ordained in 1595, and two of his sons followed him. Richard Venn was displaced and jailed during the Commonwealth. The author's father, John, was the founder of an evangelical sect at Clapham (where his father Henry had also been curate), and of the Church Missionary Society, an organisation in which the author's brother, Henry, played a leading role. The study provides a microcosmic history of the Anglican Church from the Reformation to the end of the nineteenth century.
Strategic Management
Authors: Freeman R. Edward
Published: February 2015

Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach was first published in 1984 as a part of the Pitman series in Business and Public Policy. Its publication proved to be a landmark moment in the development of stakeholder theory. Widely acknowledged as a world leader in business ethics and strategic management, R. Edward Freeman's foundational work continues to inspire scholars and students concerned with a more practical view of how business and capitalism actually work. Business can be understood as a system of how we create value for stakeholders. This worldview connects business and capitalism with ethics once and for all. On the 25th anniversary of publication, Cambridge University Press are delighted to be able to offer a new print-on-demand edition of his work to a new generation of readers.
The Proud 6th
Authors: Johnston Mark
Published: February 2015

Following Mark Johnston's acclaimed illustrated histories of the 7th and 9th Australian Divisions, this is his long-awaited history of the 6th Australian Division: the first such history ever published. The 6th was a household name during World War II. It was the first division raised in the Second Australian Imperial Force, the first division to go overseas and the first to fight. Its success in that fight, in Libya in 1941, indicated that the standard established in the Great War would be continued. General Blamey and nearly every other officer who became wartime army, corps and divisional commanders were once members of the 6th Division. Through photographs and an authoritative text, this book tells their story and the story of the proud, independent and tough troops they commanded.