bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EK SAVUNMA HAKKI (CMK m. 226)
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Süleyman Emre
Published: April 2019

Suç haberinin alınmasıyla başlayan ceza muhakemesinde, davasız
yargılama olmaz ilkesi gereğince bir fiilin suç teşkil ettiğinin ve bu fiili
işleyen failin cezalandırılması gerektiğinin ileri sürülmesi gerekir. Bu
ilkenin de bir sonucu olarak Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu’nun 170 inci maddesi,
Cumhuriyet savcısına düzenleyeceği iddianame ile kamu davası açma görevini
vermiştir. CMK’nın 225 inci maddesine göre ise mahkeme hükmünü sadece
iddianamede unsurları gösterilen suça ilişkin fiil ve fail hakkında kuracaktır.
Ancak mahkeme fiilin nitelendirilmesinde iddia ve savunmalarla bağlı değildir.
Dolayısıyla yargılama sırasında fiilin nitelendirmesinin değişmesi söz konusu
olabilir. Bununla birlikte cezanın artırılmasını veya cezaya ek olarak güvenlik
tedbirlerinin uygulanmasını gerektirecek hâllerin ilk defa duruşma sırasında
ortaya çıkması da mümkündür. Kanun koyucu CMK’nın 226 ncı maddesi ile her iki
durumda da sanığa ek savunma hakkı verilerek değişen durum üzerinden hüküm
kurulabilmesine imkân tanımıştır. Bu çalışmada CMK’nın 226 ncı maddesi
kapsamında ek savunma hakkı, ek savunma hakkı verilmesini gerektiren haller ile
ek savunma hakkı verilmesinde usulün nasıl olacağı incelenecektir.
Try Out
Authors: Rashid Haitham Mohammed El Said
Published: April 2019

Try out
Expeditious Synthesis of 2-Amino-4H-chromenes and 2-Amino-4H-pyran-3- carboxylates Promoted by Sodium Malonate
Authors: Tazari Mohsen , Kiyani Hamzeh
Published: April 2019

Background:

Chromenes and pyran annulated heterocycles are the most common frameworks
existing in various biologically active molecules. Due to their beneficial and biological properties, they are eyecatching
synthetic targets in the arsenal of organic chemistry. Thus, finding green and efficient methods, as
well as searching for a new catalyst for the synthesis of these heterocycles is of interest to organic chemistry
researchers.

Objective:

Sodium malonate as a readily available catalyst was employed aimed at the multicomponent
synthesis of numerous 2-amino-4H-chromenes and 2-amino-4H-pyrans in water as a green medium reaction.

Methods:

The reaction was performed via treatment of aldehydes (1 mmol) with malononitrile/ethyl
cyanoacetate (1 mmol) and β-dicarbonyl compounds (1 mmol)/or resorcinol (1 mmol) in water (4 mL) in the
presence of sodium malonate (10 mol %) at 70°C. On completion of the reaction (monitored by TLC analysis),
the reaction mixture was gradually cooled at room temperature, and the resulting precipitates were collected by
filtration, washed with cold ethanol and air-dried to give the corresponding pure products. The solvent was
evaporated from the filtrate to recover the catalyst, and the catalyst was reused for subsequent reactions.

Results:

In the initial stages, we explored the best reaction conditions using three-component reaction of
benzaldehyde, malononitrile, and dimedone as the model reaction. The effects of catalyst loading, temperature,
and solvents were explored for this reaction. It was found that the best results were obtained for the synthesis
of 2-amino-4H-chromenes and 2-amino-4H-pyran when the three-component reaction was carried out with
equivalent molar quantities of each of the reactants in water containing 10 mol% sodium malonate at 70°C for
15 min in 96% yield. After finding optimal conditions, these conditions apply to other reactants and the target
heterocyclic products were obtained with excellent yields.

Conclusion:

This study describes an efficient, environmentally benign, and clean one-pot, three-component
synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromenes and 2-amino-4H-pyran-3-carboxylates in the presence of sodium malonate
as the commercially available catalyst in an aqueous medium at 70°C. High yields, mild reaction conditions,
relatively shorter reaction times, use of simple reagents, and no requirement of the ultrasound, microwave, and
ball milling techniques are the salient features and benefits of the present method. In addition, the present
process is smooth and green.
New Developments on the Hirao Reactions, Especially from “Green” Point of View
Authors: Henyecz Réka , Keglevich György
Published: April 2019

Background:

The Hirao reaction discovered ca. 35 years ago is an important P–C
coupling protocol between dialkyl phosphites and aryl halides in the presence of Pd(PPh3)4 as the
catalyst and a base to provide aryl phosphonates. Then, the reaction was extended to other Preagents,
such as secondary phosphine oxides and H-phosphinates and to other aryl and hetaryl
derivatives to afford also phosphinic esters and tertiary phosphine oxides. Instead of the Pd(PPh3)4
catalyst, Pd(OAc)2 and Ni-salts were also applied as catalyst precursors together with a number of
mono- and bidentate P-ligands.

Objective:

In our review, we undertook to summarize the target reaction with a special stress on the
developments attained in the last 6 years, hence this paper is an update of our earlier reviews in a similar topic.

Conclusion:

“Greener” syntheses aimed at utilizing phase transfer catalytic and microwave-assisted
approaches, even under “P-ligand-free. or even solvent-free conditions are the up-to date versions of the
classical Hirao reaction. The mechanism of the reaction is also in the focus these days.
A Quantitative LC-MS/MS Method for Determination of Liposomal Amphotericin B in Rat Plasma and Tissues and its Application to a Toxicokinetic and Tissue Distribution Study
Authors: Xu Quanyu , Qian Yueyue , Yuan Yanjuan , Shao Qing , He Xuejun , Qiao Hongqun
Published: April 2019

Background::

Among the existing antifungal drugs, Amphotericin B is the first drug in
the treatment of systemic fungal infections. However, its large adverse reactions limit the clinical
application and Liposome Amphotericin B resolves the problem.

Objective::

In the present study, a rapid, simple, sensitive and efficient method based on LCMS/
MS for determination of liposomal Amphotericin B in rat plasma and tissue samples using
natamycin as the internal standard has been developed and validated.

Methods:

The analytical samples contain the plasma and various tissues disposed of by protein
precipitation and determination of liposomal Amphotericin B by an LC-MS/MS. Chromatographic
separation was achieved on a Poroshell 120 EC-C18 column (4.6 mm × 50 mm, 2.7 μm) with 10
mmol/L ammonium acetate in water-acetonitrile by gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min.
The MS analysis was conducted in positive electrospray ionization with Multiple Reaction Monitoring
(MRM).

Results::

The calibration curves of plasma and tissues showed good linear range from 50 to 10000
ng/mL. The analytical samples containing plasma and tissues were stable under different storage
conditions and temperature.

Conclusions: :

The developed LC-MS/MS method has been successfully applied to the studies of
toxicokinetics and tissue distribution after intravenous injection of liposomal Amphotericin B to
rats.
Modelling of Sub-Sea Gas Transmission Pipeline to Predict Insulation Failure
Authors: Chinedu Ode Samson , Emmanuel Okoro Emeka , Bose Ekeinde Evelyn , Adewale Dosunmu
Published: April 2019

Background:

Thermally insulated subsea production and transmission systems are becoming more common in deep-water/ offshore operations. Premature failures of the insulation materials for these gas transmission pipelines have had significant operational impacts. The ability to timely detect these failures within these systems has been a very difficult task for the oil and gas industries. Thus, periodic survey of the subsea transmission systems is the present practice. In addition, a new technology called optic-fibre Distributed Temperature Sensing system (DTS) is now being used to monitor subsea transmission pipeline temperatures; but this technology is rather very expensive.

Objective:

However, this study proposed a model which will not only predict premature insulation failure in these transmission pipelines; but will also predict the section of the transmission line where the failure had occurred.

Methods:

From this study, we deduced that in gas pipeline flow, exit temperature for the system increases exponentially with the distance of insulation failure and approaches the normal operation if the failure occurs towards the exit of the gas pipe. This model can also be used to check the readings of an optic-fibre distributed temperature sensors.

Result and Conclusion:

After developing this model using classical visual basic and excel package, the model was validated by cross plotting the normal temperature profiles of the model and field data; and R-factor of 0.967 was obtained. Analysis of the results obtained from the model showed that insulation failure in subsea gas transmission pipeline can be predicted on a real-time basis by mere reading of the arrival temperature of a gas transmission line.
Recyclable Heterogeneous Fe-Mo Nanocatalyst: Application in Solvent Free Synthesis of β-enaminones
Authors: Bankar Swapnil R.
Published: April 2019

Background: In recent years, green organic transformation has become a challenge for a
chemist in areas like social sector, health, and environment. Literature survey revealed that a nano
magnetite supported heterogeneous catalysis is an emergent field with huge application in chemical
synthesis.

Objective: In the present article, the aim was to develop a simple and facile method to carry organic
reaction under benign media. So, the focus was on the synthesis of nano-magnetite supported molybdenum
catalyst and its application in β-enaminones synthesis.

Methods: Magnetically recyclable heterogeneous ferrite-molybdenum catalyst was prepared by simple
impregnation method. The synthesized nanocatalyst Fe-Mo was well analysed by spectroscopic
techniques like X-ray diffraction analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron
microscopy, field-emission gun scanning electron microscopy and vibrating-sample magnetometry.
The functionalized nanocatalyst Fe-Mo was employed in the synthesis of β-enaminones under solvent
free condition.

Results: The competency of synthesized nanocatalyst-Fe-Mo was observed to be good for the synthesis
of β-enaminones derivatives under microwave irradiation and gave excellent yield (86-96%) of
the product. The catalyst was recycled for more than five consecutive runs without significant loss in
its activity.

Conclusion: In the present research article, synthesis of highly active, magnetically recyclable Fe-
Mo nanocatalyst was obtained from easily available precursor. The MNP was stable under investigated
conditions and effective in β-enaminones synthesis. The simple eco-friendly method, low catalyst
loading, short transformation time, and reusability of the catalyst thoroughly follow the sustainable
protocol.
Didactic strategy of wetu telu cultural heritage on sasak tribe
Authors: Ribut Gusti Ayu Santi Patni , Triguna Ida Bagus Gde Yudha , Suija I Wayan
Published: April 2019

Wetu Telu culture is an indigenous culture of the Sasak tribe which is acculturation of Javanese, Balinese, and Islamic cultures. In religious practice, they are immersed in customs. According to Islam, WetuTelu culture is considered as an incomplete Islamic religion. But until now, the Wetu Telu culture still exists with its customs. This is an interesting phenomenon to be studied as a material for the dissertation "The Didactic Strategy of Wetu Telu Cultural Heritage on Sasak Tribe in Lembuak and Nyurlembang Village, Narmada Sub-district". This research used 3 theories; (1) cultural adaptation theory, to solve the first problem, (2) behaviorism theory, to solve the second problem, and (3) structural functionalism theory to solve the third problem. The data were in the form of qualitative data. They were collected by using: observation, interview, document study, and literature study. The findings of this study are The forms of the Wetu Telu culture which are still maintained today consist of ceremonies namely; Ritual life (gawe urip), Death Ritual (gawe pati), Art. Second, the strategy used to maintain the Wetu Telu culture is the Didactic Strategy of Cultural Heritage through Formal Education (social inquiry and expository), Informal (exemplary, habituation and advice) and Non-formal (Life skills education, youth education and women's empowerment education) Third, the implications towards the community: strengthening religious knowledge, increasing relations of social solidarity, creating inter-religious harmony.
Companies Commitment to Transparency and Disclosure in the Stock Exchanges
Authors: Abdulqadr Dana Hama Baqi , Amin Kwestan Aziz
Published: April 2019

The commitment to transparency and disclosure is considered as one of the main components of the stock markets.  Therefore, the law imposes it on the companies to ensure the flow of information and data which are needed for the daily transactions in such markets. This research deals with the general framework of this obligation and the position of the Iraqi and comparative laws in the aim of explaining the strengths and determining the weaknesses in the legal regulation of this commitment in the Iraqi law and recommending sound legal solutions. These solutions require necessary reformulation of some of the relevant legal provisions and adopting a set of new legal rules to reform the Iraqi legal system in this regards. This reform doubtlessly participates in the activation of the Iraqi stock exchanges and secure sustainable and safe transactions in these markets.
TO EXAMINE LEADER-MEMBER EXCHANGE AS MODERATING VARIABLE ON THE INFLUENCE OF EMPLOYEE PSYCHOLOGICAL UNCERTAINTY TOWARD EMPLOYEES’ JOB SATISFACTION AND TURNOVER INTENTION
Authors: Zakiy Muhammad
Published: April 2019

The studies revealed that organizational change could create employee’s psychological uncertainty. However, this study argues that the quality of leader-member exchange enables to control the impact of the psychological uncertainty during the change toward employee’s attitude. This study represents job satisfaction and turnover intention as proxy of employee’s attitude for that matter. Based on social exchange theory, quality relationship of leader and employees affects on the relationship of psychological uncertainty and employee’s job satisfaction and turnover intention. This study selected private hospitals experiencing the changes of operational system for complying with national health security system. This study conducted cross-section survey for individual level-analysis. This study produces some findings. Firstly, the LMX has been failed to reduce the negative influence of psychological uncertainty towards employee’s job satisfaction, although the quality of the LMX was good. employee’s job satisfaction is more perceived as  personal afective state experienced during the organizational change. Secondly, the LMX has been successfully moderated the positive influence of the psychological uncertainty towards employee’s turnover intention.The data were collected by using questioners, distributed to the employees who worked in hospitals in Yogyakarta Province. There were 193 questioners that could be collected and analyzed by using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) to test the hypothesis by using SPSS application version 21. The result of the study shows that psychological uncertainty had negative correlation to employee’s job satisfaction and positive influence to psychological uncertainty toward turnover intention. Besides, LMX was proven to moderate positive influence of psychological uncertainty toward turnover intention, but it could not moderate negative influence of psychological uncertainty toward job satisfaction.
Parental Spanking and Children Development: Review of Literature and Theories
Authors: Al-Harbi Prof. Salwa Saeed
Published: April 2019

The behaviorist approach would justify spanking as a corrective approach to a child’s unwanted behavior. Supported by theories and various studies, this paper discussed that in spanking, however, the desired behavior is forced; it does not imply that the child realizes his or her mistakes, it disregards the notion that children are cognitively complex beings.
Avaliação de Impacto do Edital Mais Museus na Criação de Novos Museus em Pequenos Municípios Brasileiros: uma analise a partir do método de diferenças em diferenças
Authors: Maravalhas Flora , Silva Júnior Luiz Honorato
Published: April 2019

Este estudo compreende a avaliação de impacto do edital Mais Museus, ação voltada ao fomento à criação de novos museus, parte do Programa Museu, Memoria e Cidadania, o qual integra a Politica Nacional de Museus. Procurou-se analisar o impacto do edital na criação de museus no territorio brasileiro. A partir do metodo de diferencas em diferencas, evidencias apontam para a insuficiencia da referida politica. Por fim, as iniciativas de criação de museus em municipios parecem estar mais relacionadas a fatores exogenos às politicas de indução, tais como população municipal, nivel de desenvolvimento do municipio, atividades turisticas e contextos regionais.
Indicadores Educacionais e Proficiência no ENEM: um estudo nos Institutos Federais do Brasil
Authors: Dutra Rogério Severiano , Coelho Antonio Carlos Dias , Dutra Giselle Bezerra Mesquita
Published: April 2019

O presente estudo utilizou o modelo de avaliação propostos por Daniel Stufflebeam (2000) para avaliar os possíveis efeitos dos contextos, insumos e processos no produto. O objetivo da pesquisa foi investigar o impacto diferenciador de contextos, insumos e processos presentes nas estruturas educacionais individualizadas de Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Brasil no desempenho educacional de seus discentes. As informações requeridas constam da base de dados de Indicadores Educacionais para mensurar os atributos da estrutura educacional (contextos, insumos e processos) e, como medida de desempenho educacional (Produto), o ENEM – ambos divulgados pelo INEP referentes ao período de 2013 a 2015. As inferências empíricas são apresentadas por métodos estatísticos univariados e multivariados com uso de dados em painel. Como principal resultado tem-se indícios de que parte dos insumos e processos afetam o desempenho, porém, com baixo poder explanatório, por isso optou-se por rejeitar a hipótese de que o desempenho educacional dos discentes dos Institutos Federais do Brasil é afetado pela especificidade de insumos, processos e contextos associados a cada unidade ou dependência, levantados no estudo.
Avaliação da Aceitabilidade de um Programa de Homeopatia sob a Ótica dos Usuários: construção e validação de instrumento
Authors: Coelho Isabela Braga , Oliveira Andreia Ferreira , Costa Reis Lenice Gnocchi
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: construir e validar instrumento para avaliar a aceitabilidade de um Programa, sob a otica do usuario. A partir da revisao da literatura foi elaborado um quadro de criterios para nortear a construção do instrumento que foi submetido a um painel de especialistas. A metodologia foi desenvolvida em 3 etapas: 1) analise de congruencia entre as dimensoes/subdimensoes; 2) analise das subdimensoes/itens; 3) validação tecnica. As subdimensoes provenientes das dimensoes de acesso, amenidades, efetividade e custo do cuidado foram mantidas, a excecao da dimensao relação profissional-paciente. Houve deslocamento, desmembramento, retirada e incorporação de novos itens. Aspectos relacionados à melhoria da clareza, simplicidade, adequação, objetividade, ordenação e layout do instrumento foram incorporados a versao final. O instrumento elaborado podera contribuir para a obtencao de informações sobre as expectativas, percepcoes de desempenho e preferencias dos usuarios nos servicos de saúde oferecidos, favorecendo a qualidade do cuidado prestado.
Palinomorfos do Campaniano (Cretáceo Superior) da Bacia de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul: implicações bioestratigráficas e paleoambientais
Authors: PREMAOR Eduardo , SOUZA Paulo Alves de , ARAI Mitsuru , HELENES Javier
Published: April 2019

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados da análise palinológica realizada em testemunhos de sondagem do poço BP-01 perfurado pela PETROBRAS na porção offshore da Bacia de Pelotas. Sete amostras entre 4.480 e 4.487 m de profundidade foram processadas, as quais revelaram uma associação palinológica bem preservada e diversificada. Os esporos, embora pouco diversificados, constituem o grupo de palinomorfos mais abundante, com destaque ao gênero Cicatricosiporites. Por outro lado, dinocistos, embora menos abundantes, apresentam maior diversidade, sendo representados por 34 táxons, incluindo o registro de 9 espécies inéditas para as bacias costeiras brasileiras. Palinoforaminíferos, ovos de copépodes, fungos e espécies de algas prasinofíceas são relativamente escassos. Em termos de idade, a análise da amplitude estratigráfica e dos níveis de extinção dos dinocistos registrados permitiu o posicionamento da seção no Campaniano (Cretáceo Superior). Os conjuntos palinológicos são indicativos de condições plataformais, em águas relativamente calmas. Contudo, a quantidade significativa de esporos, muitos dos quais em forma de tétrades, indica certa proximidade do continente. Alémdisso, é confirmado o padrão de ampla circulação oceânica instalado já no Campaniano na bacia, ligando águas setentrionais e austrais do Atlântico Sul, com base no registro de dinocistos com comportamento biogeográfico mais cosmopolita.
Morfodinâmica da praia e zona de arrebentação do Cassino, RS através de técnicas de vídeo imageamento e perfis de praia
Authors: GUEDES Rafael Marcondes Carvalho , PEREIRA Pedro De Souza , CALLIARI Lauro Júlio
Published: April 2019

Um experimento interdisciplinar de processos costeiros foi conduzido na Praia do Cassino, Rio Grande do Sul entre os meses de Abril e Junho de 2005. Resultados obtidos a partirde 71 perfis praiais amostrados diariamente, simultaneamente a aquisição de vídeo-imagens Argus e dados hidrodinâmicos indicam baixa e alta variação do envelope praial, associadas respectivamente às porções subaéreas e subaquosas da praia. As altas variações na porção subaquosa ocorreram em função da migração dos bancos arenosos na zona de surfe. Um deslocamento de 15 m da berma em direção à costa foi observado durante uma forte tempestade onde a altura significativa das ondas atingiu 3 m e uma alta sobre-elevação do nível do mar ocorreu em resposta a uma maré meteorológica. Três bancos arenosos foram identificados ao longo dos perfis. O primeiro, localizado próximo à linha d’água caracterizou-se como um banco inter-mareal, periodicamente exposto devido a marés meteorológicas negativas, enquanto os outros dois foram identificados em posições médias de 99 e 237 m a partir da posição média da linha d’água. Alta mobilidade em escalas temporais curtas (horas) foi observada para as posições do primeiro banco, sendo estas posições aparentemente condicionadas ao espraiamento das ondas na face praial. O segundo banco mostrou-se mais estável em curtas escalas temporais, entretanto alta mobilidade foi identificada em escalas temporais de dias. Taxas de migração em direção mar afora de até 11,6 m/dia foram medidas para o segundo banco, estando este valor associado à presença de uma corrente de retorno observada no local. Em direção à costa, contudo, valores de até 9,3 m/dia foram obtidos, predominantemente em condições de baixa dinâmica com altura significativa das ondas entre 0,5 e 0,75 m. Durante um período de 13 dias consecutivos com baixa hidrodinâmica, o segundo banco deslocou-se 45,5 m em direção à costa na região amostrada pelos perfis, agregando-se ao primeiro e caracterizando o desenvolvimento de uma feição rítmica na zona de surfe. Alta dissipação de energia das ondas associou-se ao período quando os bancos estavam agregados.
BIOESTRATIGRAFIA (CONODONTES E PALINOLOGIA) DA FORMAÇÃO ITAITUBA (PENSILVANIANO DA BACIA DO AMAZONAS), EM UM DEPÓSITO SELECIONADO EM ITAITUBA, ESTADO DO PARÁ, BRASIL
Authors: NASCIMENTO Sara , SMANIOTTO Larissa , SOUZA Paulo , LEMOS Valesca , SCOMAZZON Ana Karina
Published: April 2019

Este trabalho objetiva apresentar uma nova abordagem de estudo com a integração de dados bioestratigráficos advindos de conodontes e palinomorfos recuperados de uma mesma seção aflorante da Formação Itaituba, na cidade homônima, borda sul da Bacia do Amazonas, Estado do Pará, Brasil. A associação de conodontes inclui Idiognathodus incurvus, Idiognathoides sinuatus, Adetognathus lautus, Hindeodus minutus, Diplognathodus coloradoensis, D. orphanus, D. ellesmerensis. Dentre os palinomorfos, Costatascyclus crenatus, Protohaploxypinus amplus, Spelaeotriletes arenaceus, S. triangulus, Meristocorpus explicatus, Striomonosaccites  incrassatus e Meristocorpus sp. B constituem espécies bioestratigraficamente importantes, indicando posicionamento do afloramento no Atokano médio, corroborando dados obtidos pelos conodontes.
Origen de una roca de playa en la región costera de Bahía Blanca, Argentina
Authors: ALIOTTA Salvador , SPAGNUOLO Jorge , FARINATI Ester
Published: April 2019

Se realizaron análisis sedimentológicos y estratigráficos con el objeto de establecer las condiciones que originaron un gran afloramiento de una roca de playa en la costa norte del estuario de Bahía Blanca, Argentina. Dicha roca aflora sobre una planicie intermareal fangosa a lo largo de 2,5 km y presenta una suave pendiente hacia el mar (SE). Su matriz (arena gruesa-muy gruesa, grava y escasos fragmentos de moluscos) se halla fuertemente cementada por carbonatode calcio. Los datos sismoacústicos revelan la continuidad submarina de los sedimentos arenosos que constituyen la roca de playa. Aquí, se observa una configuración sismoestratigráfica progradante apoyada sobre materiales de edad pleistocena. La grava de cuarcita en la beachrock señala el aporte de un antiguo curso del río Napostá Chico, el cual durante la transgresión holocena habría sufrido retracción de su nivel de base, disminución de volumen y pérdida de competencia. La posterior deriva litoral redistribuyó el material gravoso e incorporó los restos biogénicos. Estos sedimentos, enterrados por el proceso transgresivo, alcanzaron su estabilidad sedimentaria, favoreciendo la cementación. La alta porosidad de los materiales facilitó la circulación en la capa freática de soluciones saturadas, provenientes de los sedimentos carbonatados pleistocenos. La mezcla subterránea de aguas continentales y marinas provocó la consolidación del sedimento. La posterior somerización de esta plataforma rocosa litificada, junto a la acción de olas y al bajo grado de sedimentación, produjo erosión y exposición de la roca. La presencia de fango en la planicie intermareal, el cual cubre parcialmente a la roca de playa, es indicativa de actuales condiciones sedimentarias de baja energía.
Datação de Processos Diagenéticos em Arenitos-Reservatório de Hidrocarbonetos: Uma Revisão Conceitual
Authors: MARASCHIN ANDERSON JOSÉ , MIZUSAKI ANA MARIA
Published: April 2019

Geochronology has became a powerfull tool for diagenetic studies in siliciclastic rocks as it supply parameters for the definition of their depositional or diagenetic ages. This development occurred particularly in the last decades, with analytical techniques improvements and application of oil exploration. Sandstones are important hydrocarbon reservoir-rocks in many basins of the world. Sandstones devoid of fossils with defined ages lack precise chronostratigraphic definition. Such lack of definition limits the precision of the generation-migration-accumulation models developed for the exploration and exploitation of these reservoirs. However, many sandstones contain diagenetic minerals which represent the possibility of dating the deposition of these sandstones, or episodic diagenetic fluid migration through radiometric 40K-40Ar, 40Ar-39Ar and 87Rb-87Sr methods. In the present work, we show that these methods have been successfully applied to samples of reservoirsandstones all over the world. The improvement of the radiometric methods applied to sedimentary rocks yielded significant results concerning depositional or diagenetic ages.
Estratigrafia do Batólito Florianópolis, Cinturão Dom Feliciano, na Região de Garopaba-Paulo Lopes, SC
Authors: BITENCOURT MARIA DE FÁTIMA , BONGIOLO EVERTON MARQUES , PHILIPP RUY PAULO , MORALES LUIZ FERNANDO GRAFULHA , RUBERT ROGÉRIO ROQUE , MELO CLARISSA LOVATTO , LUFT JOÃO LUIZ
Published: April 2019

In southern Brazil, the Florianopolis Batholith results from prolonged, mainly granitic magmatism, as part of the Neoproterozoic Dom Feliciano Belt. Plutonic associations in this belt are related to transpressive tectonism (650-580 Ma) in post-collisional setting, where the translithospheric discontinuities of the Southern Brazilian Shear Belt have triggered magmatism, acting as channels for melts originated in deep crustal or mantle sources. In the region of Garopaba-Paulo Lopes, a fraction of this magmatism was studied, resulting in a formal proposition for its stratigraphic organization in igneous suites. A small volume of gneissic host rocks is found as roof pendants. The Paulo Lopes Suite comprises the foliated Paulo Lopes Granite, Garopaba Granitoids and Silveira Gabbro. It is characterized as porphyritic granitoids of high-K tholeiitic affinity, coeval with mafic, tholeiitic magmatism. It is followed by metaluminous, alkaline series granitoids of the Pedras Grandes Suite, namely the Vila da Penha Granite, comprising heterogranular and porphyritic facies, and the Serra do Tabuleiro Granite, comprising heterogranular, equigranular and porphyritic facies. The Cambirela Suite, last magmatic episode in the study area, encompasses alkaline plutonic, volcanic and subvolcanic rock types, as the Ilha Granite, the Cambirela Rhyolite and the Itacorumbi Granite. Hypabissal rocks are also part of this suite, and result from recurrent acid and basic magma pulses emplaced either as idividual dykes or composite ones. The magmatic associations described in this region attest to magma emplacement under a moderate to low stress field, possibly extinguished by the time the Cambirela Suite crystallized. Their age values indicate that they are mostly contemporaneous to the post-collisional, syntectonic magmatism of the Southern Brazilian Shear Belt, and the preservation of magmatic structures such as modal layering, relatively uncomon in granitoids, may also be attributed to their emplacement far from the main deformation sites. Features indicative of coeval mafic and felsic magmas are described in all three magmatic associations, and are especially significant in the Paulo Lopes and Cambirela suites. They attest to continuous mantle participation in the batholith construction.
Development of a GIS-Based Information System for Watershed Monitoring in Mato Grosso, Central Brazil
Authors: ZEILHOFER PETER , LIMA GILSON ALBERTO , LIMA ELIANA BEATRIZ RONDON , SANTOS IVAIRTON MONTEIRO
Published: April 2019

This paper describes the conceptual framework and implementation of a prototype for a GIS-based Information System for Watershed Monitoring and Planning in the state of Mato Grosso, Central Brazil. The system was developed to support the implementation of water resources management policies passed by Brazilian federal and state legislatures in 1997.The first phase of the information system development was focused on database design, to create modules for the storage and pre-processing of diverse environmental data sets and for georeferenced registration and control of water users. The GIS environment includes tools for data mining and integrating the NGFlow and QUAL2E models for river runoff and water quality simulation; these tools were successfully validated in the Cuiabá River basin. To guarantee acceptance and continuity of system maintenance in regions under development, GIS applications for watershed management should be component-based. They should also integrate models with robustness for input data that are poor in consistency and quality. Finally, they should be implemented with development tools already used by local technical staff and have a high degree of user friendliness.
Análise Palinotaxonômica e Bioestratigráfica da Subturma Monosaccites na Bacia do Paraná, Brasil. II: Gêneros Costatascyclus, Circumplicatipollis, Caheniasaccites, Stellapollenites e Divarisaccus
Authors: FELIX CRISTINA MOREIRA , SOUZA PAULO ALVES DE
Published: April 2019

This paper presents a taxonomic and biostratigraphic analysis of the monosaccate pollen grains related to the genera Costatascyclus Felix & Burbridge emend. Urban 1971, Circumplicatipollis Ottone & Azcuy 1988, Caheniasaccites Bose & Kar 1966, Stellapollenites Lele 1965 and Divarisaccus Venkatachala & Kar 1966 recorded in the Pensylvannian - Permian interval in the Paraná Basin. These genera are represented by seven species: Costatascyclus crenatus Felix & Burbridge 1967, Circumplicatipollis plicatus Ottone & Azcuy 1988, Caheniasaccites flavatus Bose & Kar 1966, Caheniasaccites elongatus Bose & Kar 1966, Caheniasaccites verrucosus (González-Amicón) Gutiérrez 1993, Stellapollenites talchirensis Lele 1965 and Divarisaccus stringoplicatus Ottone 1991. Among these species, C. verrucosus is recorded for the first time to the Paraná Basin. Based on analysis of samples from new localities, new slides of published sections, from scientific collections, and on the examination of available papers, synonymic lists are shown, modifying the ranges of certain species. Respective occurrences of the taxa in the other Brazilian intracratonic basins (Amazonas and Parnaíba) are also analyzed. Furthermore, main morphologic distinctive characters of these species are presented, to facilitate the identification and their use in biostratigraphic and paleoenvironmental analysis.
Geoquímica e Isotópos de Nd de Rochas Metavulcânicas da Antiforme Capané, Complexo Metamórfico Porongos, RS
Authors: GOLLMANN KARINE GOLLMANN , MARQUES JULIANA CHARÃO , FRANTZ JOSÉ CARLOS , JUNIOR FARID CHEMALE
Published: April 2019

The Capané Antiform, located in the northern part of the Neoproterozoic Porongos Metamorphic Complex (RS), is composed of a supracrustal sequence metamorphosed under greenschist (eastern flank) to amphibolite (western flank) facies. Four groups of rocks were recognized. Groups 1 and 2 are constituted of felsic and mafic rocks from the central and western part of the antiform, respectively. They show high LREE and LILE and low HREE and HFSE. The εNd (t) varies from strongly negative (-20) in felsic rocks to moderately negative (-6 to -11) in mafic rocks, with Nd TDM ages that varies from Paleoproterozoic to Mesoproterozoic. The Group 3 consists of metarhyolites from the eastern flank and is geochemically similar to former groups, but shows differences in Nd isotope composition. The εNd(t) is slightly negative (-2 to -4) and the model ages are restricted to the Mesoproterozoic. Group 4, constituted of metabasalts, shows chemical similarities with OIB-MORB and has juvenile isotope signature. The first three groups were interpreted as evolved from a magmatic arc, related probably to the collision of the São Gabriel block with the Encantadas microcontinent during the Neoproterozoic. The Nd differences observed were considered as a result of more or less interaction between mantle and crust components and, particularly, the characteristics observed in the Group 3 can point out a correlation with the syn-tangential granitoids from the eastern part of the Dom Feliciano Belt. The metabasalts of the group 4 were correlated to the antiform's previously described ophiolite remains.
Análise Sedimentar e Micropaleontológica (Foraminíferos) de Seções Quaternárias do Talude Continental Superior do Norte da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: ARAÚJO TÂNIA MARIA FONSECA , MACHADO ALTAIR DE JESUS
Published: April 2019

Sediment from four cores of the north part of the continental upper slope, Bahia State, consist predominantly of siliciclastic mud in its bottom and carbonatic mud in the top of the majority of the studied cores. The sediment color varies from light olive gray to brownish black. The sediments are mainly composed of foraminifera, mollusk fragments, coralline algae debris, plant fragments and quartz grains. The following major foraminifera benthonic species were recorded in the studied cores: Cibicides pseudoungerianus, Bulimina marginata, Amphistegina lessonii, Cassidulina laevigata, Bolivina subaenariensis, Uvigerina peregrina. The following major foraminifera planctonic species are frequent in the cores: Globigerinoides ruber, Globigerina bulloides, Orbulina universa, Globigerinoides trilobus, G. elongatus, Globigerina quinqueloba, Globigerinoides ruber f. pyramidalis. The siliciclastic sediment (higher quartz percentage) in the core bottom, suggests that sedimentation occurred with strong continental influence, indicating proximity to the coast line. The benthonic foraminifera predominance in the bottom cores and the higher planctonic frequency toward the top cores is an indicative of the sea-level oscilation events during Quaternary time.
A Influência da Inflexão Costeira na Variabilidade da Linha de Praia em Mostardas – RS
Authors: ABSALONSEN LUCIANO , TOLDO JR ELÍRIO
Published: April 2019

Mostardas beach, with an approximate extension of 36 km, is located along the intermediate section of Rio Grande do Sul state's coastline; its north and south limits are São Simão beach and Mostardas lighthouse, respectively. At the northern portion of the beach, an anomalous depositional behavior is found, relative to most beaches along the state coast. The anomalous behavior observed at this beach strip is influenced by a nearly 11º change in beach orientation. Such inflexion makes the wave energy act differently in beach strips located north and south from the inflexion, as examined in both seasonal and annual scales. Within a given seasonal scale, the morphology will be shaped according to events that the beach was subjected to, leaving the beach surface even, low, and regular with the passage of storm events, and acquiring a greater sediment stock at its subaerial portion in low-sea conditions, thus marking this beach seasonality. Yearly variability, verified at an 8-year interval between monitoring conducted in 1997 and 2005, demonstrated that the southern half of this beach shows erosion in almost its totality. The pattern in the 17 km of the northern half is quite different, with a significant enhance of stability and depositional areas, 36.1 and 28.1 %, respectively, and a seaward progradation mean of 1.1 m/year. The northern half also shows progradation areas between 3 and 4 times longer than those found in previous researches made on the Rio Grande do Sul coast (Toldo et al., 1999; Esteves et al., 2002). Such behavior confirms that the coastal inflexion found at the place significantly contributes with the shoreline variability in Mostardas beach.
Cimentação Carbonática em Reservatórios Siliciclásticos - O Papel da Dolomita -
Authors: KLEIN CARLA , MIZUSAKI ANA MARIA PIMENTEL
Published: April 2019

Carbonates are important diagenetic cements in siliciclastic rocks thus important to determine these rocks as hydrocarbon reservoirs. The cement is the material had chemically precipitated partial or totally pore filling, affecting rock values of porosity and permeability. The acknowledgment of diagenetic patterns those are associated to the carbonatic cement precipitation and their impacts in the reservoirs quality can decrease the risks of exploration and exploitation of new reservoirs. Therefore is necessary the knowledge of origin and processes of carbonate cement’s precipitation. These cements have distribution patterns, mineralogy, textures and isotopic compositions which vary spatial and temporally, depending of perform conditions in each diagenetic environment. One of the most important diagenetic cement is dolomite and the dolomite’s group is compound by dolomite and ankerite. These minerals can be differentiated by analytical techniques such as optical petrography, staining techniques, cathodoluminescence, scanning electron microscopy and isotopes. Besides that, dolomite cement shape in a reservoir can display different forms: rhombs, poikilotopic and saddle in a variety of dimensions, pore filling, replacing detrital carbonate grains, concretions, nodules or stratified layers. Primaries calcite and aragonite replaced can promote precipitation of dolomite through increase of temperature and by presence of Mg-being fluids. The main entrance conditions to form dolomitic cement are: (i) alkaline solutions from pre-existence rocks weathering or evaporitc environments; (ii) marine waters; (iii) clay alteration; (iv) CaCO3 polymorphs dissolution; (v) dissolution of bioclasts. An interesting example of dolomitic cementation is the Carmópolis Member of the Muribeca Formation, hydrocarbon reservoir of the Camorim Field (Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, northeastern Brazil).
Metais e Não-Metais em Sedimentos de um Manguezal Não-Poluído, Ilha do Cardoso, Cananéia (SP)
Authors: SEMENSATTO-JR. DÉCIO LUIS , ARAÚJO GEÓRGIA CHRISTINA LABUTO , FERREIRA FUNO ROGÉRIO HIDEKI , SANTA-CRUZ JOANA , DIAS-BRITO DIMAS
Published: April 2019

This work aims to assess the spatial distribution and the seasonal behavior of metals, no-metals, physical and chemical variables and provide a pre-impact geochemical scenario from non-polluted mangrove sediments of a transect at the Cardoso Island (Cananéia, São Paulo State, Brazil) extending 340 m long landward. Triplicate samples from eight stations were collected in December 2001 and June 2002. Conductivity, pH, temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen from the sediment interstitial water were checked in field using a Horiba U-10 probe. Metals and no-metals concentrations were obtained employing an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP OES) Vista-RL-Varian, radial vision. The sediments reflected two distinct intertidal segments: a “lower plain” (LP) and an “upper plain” (UP). The LP, which comprises the first 100 m landward from the bay, is a muddy environment with higher metal concentration and seasonally more stable than the UP. This latter, extending until the upper boundary of the intertidal zone, is a more oxygenated sandy flat with lower metal concentration. The distinct behavior of the geochemistry pattern observed along the transect in December and June is interpreted as associated with seasonal pluviometric fluctuations. The low metal concentrations denote low anthropogenic interference in the area, one of the most well preserved Brazilian coastal regions. It can be used as reference area to comparative studies involving similar ecosystems and, in the future, to check the environmental state of this mangrove flat.
A Análise de Lineamentos Estruturais, Sob a Óptica da Geometria Fractal, no Maciço Alcalino de Poços de Caldas (MG)
Authors: MOREIRA ÉDER CARLOS , FERNANDES LUÍS ALBERTO D’ÁVILA , PEREIRA VITOR PAULO
Published: April 2019

This work presents the evolution of geological history of the Alkalic Mass of Poços de Caldas, based on a lineament study. The lineaments are correlated to ruptil fractures on the ground. For this purpose, the fractal geometry of lineaments was used to explain the results.The lineaments were obtained from Landsat-TM and Radar images. Graphics were generated such as the cumulative frequency of direction, histograms of structural lineaments direction per cumulative length and a plot of direction by lineament length. A map of fractal dimension of these lineaments was generated too.The correspondence between the plans of processed data, the structural context and the location of mineralizations allowed to conclude: (1) the uranium mineralizations are associated to fractures oriented preferentially NW and NE and (2) the zirconium mineralizations are oriented preferentially NS and EW.
Tipos de Derrame e Reconhecimento de Estruturas nos Basaltos da Formação Serra Geral: Terminologia e Aspectos de Campo
Authors: WAICHEL BRENO LEITÃO , DE LIMA EVANDRO FERNANDES , SOMMER CARLOS AUGUSTO
Published: April 2019

Studies focusing the flow morphology and structures of the basalts of Serra Geral Formation (west of Paraná State, Brazil) make possible the identification of pahoehoe and 'a'a flows, with predominance of simple and compound pahoehoe. This terminology was created in the Hawaiian Archipelago and was previously applied to the Columbia River Basalts and Deccan Plateau, and can also be used in the investigation of the Serra Geral Formation. The compound pahoehoe flows are formed by Ptype (pipe) and S-type (spongy) lobes. Surface features related with the pahoehoe and aa flows are well preserved in Serra Geral Formation. The flows have lateral extension of up to 50 km and can be divided in three portions in relation to the conduit: proximal, medium and distal. In the proximal portion the flows are thick (40-70 m) and the contact between the superior crust and the massive core is sharp. In the medium portion predominate simple pahoehoe flows with thickness between 20 and 30 m; locally occur compound pahoehoe. The distal portion is formed by compound flows (up to 5 m thick) with a few lobes. The emplacement of the pahoehoe inflated flows in the studied area suggests low eruption rates.
Avaliação da Saúde Ecológica do Sistema Estuarino de Laguna (SC) Baseado nas Espécies de Foraminíferos e Tecamebas
Authors: EICHLER PATRÍCIA PINHEIRO BECK , CASTELÃO GUILHERME PIMENTA , PIMENTA FELIPE MENDONÇA , EICHLER BEATRIZ BECK
Published: April 2019

The estuarine system of Laguna (Santa Catarina, Brazil), composed by lagoons of Santo Antonio, Imaruí and Mirim, situated to 130 km south of Florianópolis was evaluated through the association of foraminifera and thecamoebians as biological indicator organisms. The study reveals different population density patterns reflecting the environmental conditions. It is observed the formation of 4 groups. The group representing the north of the lagoon of Imaruí and the south of the Mirim lagoon (stations 14-17) is related to low density of foraminifera and thecamoebians. In the north of the lagoon of Santo Antonio and in the south part of the lagoon of Imaruí (7-13), Ammotium salsum, Ammobaculites exigus and Gaudryina exillis dominate. The group lagoon inlet (1, 2, 4-6) is composed by the stations more influenced by saline waters, presenting the highest diversities, where Elphidium poeyanum and Saccamina sphaera dominate. The group formed by stations collected in the river D'Una, Tubarão, and Mirim lagoon (3, 18-25) presents M. fusca and species of thecamoebians as indicator of large fresh water influence. Despite high fresh water input, it was observed low efficiency in water renewal especially in the north part of the estuarine system.
Controle da Qualidade da Água do Arroio Portão Portão, RS
Authors: NAIME ROBERTO , FAGUNDES ROSÂNGELA SCHUCH
Published: April 2019

This work presents the environment attendance of Portão River, a river of the hydrographic basin of Rio dos Sinos, Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The improvement of environmental conditions demands a diagnostic of the actual situation. By this way, it is possible to propose mitigation, compensation and promotion of better quality of life for the populations. Chemical parameters of water were observed during three months, in order to evaluate the environmental conditions, and to promote environmental improvement for this region, in the context of physical, biological and economic conditions.