bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategi Manajemen Radio Sindo Trijaya Fm Bandung Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Kualitas Penyiar Untuk Menjaga Eksistensi Radio
Authors: Yupitriani
Published: January 2025

Communication strategy is a planning of an organization management in order to reach the goals that have been organized. A mass medium, like a radio, has management structure, that is the management of announcing medium. Nowadays, the medium, like a radio, is getting rubbed down by other dominated media. Therefore, to maintain the total listeners, it needs the existence of management strategy, e. g. to sharpen the ability continuously and to increase the announcers’ quality. The subjects of this research were all persons who were involved in the ways of announcing process, starting from the top structure position of Sindo Trijaya FM Bandung, that was the manager station, traffic or someone who was responsible with the announcing process, the producer who monitored and prepared the materials during the announcing, up to the announcers who announced the information which had been prepared. This research used the method of qualitative descriptive study. The descriptive study was used to deepen more the information of the subject studied. From this research, it was resulted that the communication strategy carried out by the management of Sindo Trijaya FM Bandung and the announcers was by approaching himself to the announcers and continuously giving directives of the announcing techniques as a routine in order that the output quality of the announcers was always maintained.
Investigating physiotherapy students’ perceptions of their ability to assess and treat vestibular pathology: A mixed-method survey
Authors: Cook Edward , McRobert Cliona
Published: January 2025

It is suggested that 80% of people attending the emergency department following an unexplained fall have possible vestibular dysfunction. However, patients have limited access to clinicians trained in vestibular assessment and rehabilitation. To date, no studies have investigated pre-registration physiotherapy vestibular education in the United Kingdom (U.K.). This research uses an online mixed-method survey to investigate U.K. physiotherapy students’ perceptions of their ability to assess and treat vestibular pathology. A multi-modal internet recruitment strategy was employed to elicit responses from final-year U.K. physiotherapy students (73). Findings indicate that students feel ‘not at all’ confident in vestibular assessment (64%), diagnosis (85%), and management (70%). Qualitatively, students suggest a need for increased pre-registration vestibular training, and a desire to seek further vestibular education. With students reporting a desire to develop their knowledge in this area, it is logical to suggest that more attention is dedicated to vestibular education in U.K. physiotherapy curricula.

This article was published open access under a CC BY licence:
https://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0
.
Maximum Energy of Particles in Plasmas
Authors: Oka Mitsuo , Makishima Kazuo , Terasawa Toshio
Published: January 2025

Particles are accelerated to very high, nonthermal energies in space, solar, and astrophysical plasma environments. In cosmic-ray physics, the Hillas limit is often used as a rough estimate (or the necessary condition) of the maximum energy of particles. This limit is based on the concepts of one-shot direct acceleration by a system-wide motional electric field, as well as stochastic and diffusive acceleration in strongly turbulent environments. However, it remains unclear how well this limit explains the actual observed maximum energies of particles. Here, we show, based on a systematic review, that the observed maximum energy of particles—those in space, solar, astrophysical, and laboratory environments—often reach the energy predicted by the Hillas limit. We also found several exceptions, such as electrons in solar flares and jet-terminal lobes of radio galaxies, as well as protons in planetary radiation belts, where deviations from this limit occur. We discuss possible causes of such deviations, and we argue in particular that there is a good chance of detecting ultra-high-energy (∼100 GeV) solar flare electrons that have not yet been detected. We anticipate that this study will facilitate further interdisciplinary discussions on the maximum energy of particles and the underlying mechanisms of particle acceleration in diverse plasma environments.
The Puzzling Long GRB 191019A: Evidence for Kilonova Light
Authors: Stratta G. , Nicuesa Guelbenzu A. M. , Klose S. , Rossi A. , Singh P. , Palazzi E. , Guidorzi C. , Camisasca A. , Bernuzzi S. , Rau A. , Bulla M. , Ragosta F. , Maiorano E. , Paris D.
Published: January 2025

GRB 191019A was a long gamma-ray burst (GRB) lasting ~65 s and, as such, originally thought to be linked to a core-collapse supernova. However, even though follow-up observations identified the optical counterpart close to the bright nucleus of a nearby ancient galaxy (z = 0.248), no associated supernova was found. This led to the suggestion that the burst was caused by the merger of two compact stellar objects, likely in a dense circumnuclear environment. By using a recently developed diagnostic tool based on prompt emission temporal properties, we noticed that GRB 191019A falls among those long GRBs which are associated with compact mergers and with evidence of kilonova light. We thus reanalyzed unpublished GROND multicolor (

g
′
r
′
i
′
z
′
J
H

K

s

) data obtained between 0.4 and 15 days posttrigger. Image subtraction confirmed the optical counterpart in all four optical bands, with GROND tracking its fading until 1.5 days postburst. Incorporating publicly available Swift-XRT data, a joint fit of an afterglow plus a kilonova model revealed a better match than an afterglow-only scenario. The resulting kilonova properties resemble those of AT2017gfo associated with the binary neutron star merger GW170817, with a total ejected mass of ~0.06 M
⊙. Contrary to previous findings inferring a high-density circumburst environment (n
0 ~ 107−8 cm−3), our analysis finds standard conditions (n
0 ~ 1 cm−3), suggesting the long duration of GRB 191019A was intrinsic rather than due to jet interaction with a dense external medium.
Numerical Simulation of Electron Magnetohydrodynamics with Landau-quantized Electrons in Magnetar Crusts
Authors: Rau Peter B. , Wasserman Ira
Published: January 2025

In magnetar crusts, magnetic fields are sufficiently strong to confine electrons into a small to moderate number of quantized Landau levels. This can have a dramatic effect on the crust's thermodynamic properties, generating field-dependent de Haas–van Alphen oscillations. We previously argued that the large-amplitude oscillations of the magnetic susceptibility could enhance the ohmic dissipation of the magnetic field by continuously generating small-scale, rapidly dissipating field features. This could be important to magnetar field evolution and contribute to their observed higher temperatures. To study this, we performed quasi-3D numerical simulations of electron MHD in a representative volume of neutron star crust matter, for the first time including the magnetization and magnetic susceptibility resulting from Landau quantization. We find that the potential enhancement in the ohmic dissipation rate due to this effect can be a factor  ∼3 for temperatures of the order of 108 K, and  ∼4.5 for temperatures of the order of 5 × 107 K, depending on the magnetic field configuration. The nonlinear Hall term is crucial to this amplification: without it, the magnetic field decay is only enhanced by a factor  ≲2 even at 5 × 107 K. These effects generate a high wavenumber plateau in the magnetic energy spectrum associated with the small-scale de Haas–van Alphen oscillations. Our results suggest that this mechanism could help explain the magnetar heating problem, though due to the effect's temperature-dependence, full magneto-thermal evolution simulations in a realistic stellar model are needed to judge whether it is viable explanation.
Optical Quasiperiodic Oscillations with 550 Day Periodicity in the Reverberation-mapped Broad Line Quasar PG 1411+442
Authors: Zhang Xue-Guang
Published: January 2025

In this paper, optical quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) with 550 day periodicity related to a candidate subparsec binary black hole (BBH) system are reported in the reverberation-mapped broad line quasar PG 1411+442 but with a different line profile of broad Hα from that of broad Hβ in its rms spectrum. First, considering the sine function to describe the 18.8 yr long light curves from the Catalina Sky Survey, All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae, and Zwicky Transient Facility, 550 day periodicity can be confirmed with a confidence level higher than 5σ. Second, the stable 550 day optical QPOs can be reconfirmed with confidence levels higher than 5σ by the generalized Lomb–Scargle periodogram, the sine-like phase-folded light curves, and the weighted wavelet z-transform technique determined power maps. Third, based on simulated light curves by the continuous autoregressive process, a confidence level higher than 3.5σ can be confirmed for the optical QPOs not related to intrinsic active galactic nucleus (AGN) variability. Moreover, considering the spatial separation of central two black hole (BH) accreting systems with smaller than expected sizes of broad emission line regions, a central total BH mass higher than 106
M
⊙ could lead to few effects of supposed BBH systems on estimated virial BH masses. Meanwhile, disk precession is not preferred due to the similar estimated sizes of the optical and near-ultraviolet emission regions, and jet precession can be ruled out due to PG 1411+442 being a radio-quiet quasar. The results strongly indicate it would be practicable, by applying very different line profiles of broad Balmer emission lines, to detect candidate BBH systems in normal broad line AGN in the near future.
Profiling Near-surface Winds on Mars Using Attitude Data from Mars 2020 Ingenuity
Authors: Jackson Brian , Fenton Lori , Brown Travis , Munguira Asier , Martinez German , Newman Claire , Viúdez-Moreiras Daniel , Golombek Matthew , Lorenz Ralph , Paton Mark D. , Conway Dylan
Published: January 2025

We used attitude data from the Mars Ingenuity helicopter with a simple steady-state model to estimate wind speeds and directions at altitudes between 3 and 24 m, the first time winds at such altitudes have been probed on Mars. We compared our estimates to wind data from the meteorology package MEDA on board the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover and to predictions from meteorological models. Wind directions inferred from Ingenuity data agreed with the directions measured by MEDA, when the latter were available, but deviated from model-predicted directions by as much as 180° in some cases. The inferred wind speeds are often much higher than expected. For example, meteorological predictions suggest that Ingenuity should not have seen wind speeds above about 15 m s−1 during its 59th flight, but we inferred speeds reaching nearly 25 m s−1. For flights during which we have MEDA data to compare to, inferred wind speeds imply friction velocities >1 m s−1 and roughness lengths >10 cm, which seem implausibly large. These results suggest that Ingenuity was probing winds sensitive to aerodynamic conditions hundreds of meters upwind instead of the conditions very near Mars 2020, but they may also reflect a need for updated boundary layer wind models. An improved model for Ingenuity’s aerodynamic response that includes the effects of transient winds may also modify our results. In any case, the work here provides a foundation for exploration of planetary boundary layers using drones and suggests important future avenues for research and development.
JWST Near-infrared Spectroscopy of High-albedo Jupiter Trojans: A New Surface Type in the Trojan Belt
Authors: Brown Michael E. , Wong Ian , Belyakov Matthew
Published: January 2025

We present 0.8–5 μm JWST spectra of four  ~20 km diameter Jupiter Trojans known to have albedos elevated above the values typical in the remaining Trojan population. The spectra of these four high-albedo Jupiter Trojans are all similar, with red slopes in the optical–IR transition region, a break to lower slopes at 1.3 μm, and a broad absorptions from 2.8 to 4 μm. The 0.8–2.5 μm spectra of these objects match the spectra of neither the well-known “red” and “less-red” Jupiter Trojans nor of any known asteroid taxonomic class. The reflectivity of these objects does not rise redward of 4 μm, a property that is seen in the previous JWST observations of Jupiter Trojans only in Polymele. Indeed, the high-albedo Jupiter Trojan spectra are a good match to that of Polymele, and Polymele is both the smallest Jupiter Trojan in the previous JWST sample and has the highest albedo of the objects in that sample. We conclude that Polymele and the other high-albedo Jupiter Trojans represent a third class of Jupiter Trojans not represented in the more heavily studied larger objects and are perhaps the products of recent disruptions. The Lucy flyby of Polymele in 2027 September will give a direct view of one of this new class of Jupiter Trojans.
Comparative analysis of mitochondrial genomes from Buthidae (Scorpiones): gene rearrangement and phylogenetic implications
Authors: Xu Wei , Zhang Gaoji , Xu Tangjun , He Ke , Wang Jiachen , Liu Zeyang , Liu Hongyi
Published: January 2025

Scorpions, a diverse group of arachnids consisting of over 2,000 valid species, have received limited research attention in terms of their complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes). To increase the taxonomic sampling frequency of species available for study based on mitogenomes, we reconstructed the complete mitogenomes of five scorpions, Androctonus amoreuxi (Audouin, 1826), Hottentotta tamulus (Fabricius, 1798), Leiurus quinquestriatus (Ehrenberg, 1828), Lychas mucronatus (Fabricius, 1798), and ­Teruelius flavopiceus (Kraepelin, 1900) within the family Buthidae. These five mitogenomes had a typical circular structure, with total sizes ranging from 14,504 to 15,083 bp. Nucleotide composition analysis indicated that the sequences were biased toward A and T. The Ka/Ks ratios within 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) were lower than 1, suggesting that they had been subject to purifying selection in Buthidae. Our analyses provide additional evidence on that, in scorpions, the majority of mitogenome rearrangements occurred in tRNAs. Moreover, the genes tRNA-Asp, tRNA-Gln and tRNA-Ile were the hotspots of rearrangement in this order. ­Phylogenetic analyses based on PCGs supported taxonomic relationships in this taxon. Our results might provide useful insights into the gene arrangement features of scorpion mitogenomes and lay the foundation for further studies on the family Buthidae.
Uncertainty prediction of wind speed based on improved multi-strategy hybrid models
Authors: Xu Xinyi , Ma Shaojuan , Huang Cheng
Published: January 2025

Accurate interval prediction of wind speed plays a vital role in ensuring the efficiency and stability of wind power generation. Due to insufficient traditional wind speed interval prediction methods for mining nonlinear features, in this paper, a novel interval prediction method was proposed by combining improved wavelet threshold and deep learning (BiTCN-BiGRU) with the nutcracker optimization algorithm (NOA). First, NOA was used to optimize the wavelet transform (WT) and BiTCN-BiGRU. Second, we applied NOA-WT to smooth the wind speed data. Then, to capture nonlinear features of time series, phase space reconstruction (PSR) was utilized to identify chaotic characteristics of the processed data. Finally, the NOA-BiTCN-BiGRU model was built to perform wind speed interval prediction. Under the same hyperparameters and network structure settings, a comparison with other deep learning methods showed that the prediction interval coverage probability (PICP) and prediction interval mean width (PIMW) of NOA-WT-BiTCN-BiGRU model achieves the best balance, with good prediction accuracy and generalization performance. This research can provide reference and guidance for nonlinear time-series interval prediction in the real world.
Axiomatic analysis of state operators in Sheffer stroke BCK-algebras associated with algorithmic approaches
Authors: Senturk Ibrahim , Oner Tahsin , Turan Duygu Selin , Gurbuz Gozde Nur , Ordin Burak
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we have presented a novel exploration of the construction of Riečan, Bosbach, internal, and general states within the framework of Sheffer stroke BCK-algebra $ \mathcal{B} $. We highlighted the originality of our work by examining key characteristics and the independence of the axiomatic systems associated with these states. Notably, we demonstrated that a Riečan state can correspond to a Bosbach state and vice versa, revealing significant interconnections between these concepts. Additionally, we introduced the innovative concepts of faithful and fixed sets generated by internal states on $ \mathcal{B} $, proving that each Sheffer stroke BCK-algebra retains its structure under an internal state. Our investigation also included internal state-(filters, compatible filters, and prime filters) on $ \mathcal{B} $ and their related results, as well as the relationship between internal state congruence and filters. Furthermore, we explore whether general states imply Riečan and Bosbach states, enhancing our understanding of these relationships. Finally, we introduced the concept of general state-morphism and discuss its implications for $ \mathcal{B} $. To support our findings, we provided compelling examples and fundamental algorithms, underscoring the practical significance of our study across various fields including artificial intelligence, computer science, and quantum logic.
Bang-bang control for uncertain random continuous-time switched systems
Authors: Chang Yang , Liu Guangyang , Yan Hongyan
Published: January 2025

In this paper, optimal control problems concerning uncertain random continuous-time switched system were studied. First, by applying Belleman's principle of optimality and chance theory, an optimality equation was derived. It's an extension of the equation of optimality from uncertain environment to uncertain random environment. Then, the optimality equation was employed to get bang-bang control for the control problems with the linear performances. Second, a two-stage algorithm was applied to implement optimal control. A genetic algorithm and Brent algorithm were used in the second stage in order to search the optimal switching instants in the numerical example. Finally, as an application of our theoretical results, an optimal cash holding problem was discussed and a corresponding optimal cash holding level was provided.
How much do we learn? Measuring symmetric and asymmetric deviations from Bayesian updating through choices
Authors: Aydogan Ilke , Baillon Aurélien , Kemel Emmanuel , Li Chen
Published: January 2025

Belief‐updating biases hinder the correction of inaccurate beliefs and lead to suboptimal decisions. We complement Rabin and Schrag's (1999) portable extension of the Bayesian model by including conservatism in addition to confirmatory bias. Additionally, we show how to identify these two forms of biases from choices. In an experiment, we found that the subjects exhibited confirmatory bias by misreading 19% of the signals that contradicted their priors. They were also conservative and acted as if they missed 28% of the signals.
Le répertoire que les enseignants déclarent faire chanter à l’école primaire
Authors: Anselmi Macia Marie-Céline , Maizieres Frédéric
Published: January 2025

La pratique du chant apparait comme l’activité́ dominante en éducation musicale à l’école primaire en France. Or, en l’absence d’indications précises dans les programmes, il n’est pas facile de savoir quels sont les chants qui sont aujourd’hui appris dans les écoles. Deux enquêtes interacadémiques (2011 et 2019) permettent de décrire les répertoires actuellement chantés dans les écoles et de comprendre si les nouveaux outils d’accès à la chanson favorisent l’évolution du répertoire. Dans les deux cas, les résultats mettent en évidence un répertoire, à la fois varié (nombreuses chansons citées une fois) et commun : un certain nombre de chansons plus fréquemment citées semblent appartenir durablement au répertoire scolaire. Si une évolution semble se dessiner entre 2011 et 2019 (la baisse du répertoire de la chanson enfantine, l’entrée de certaines chansons à la mode), il est difficile d’attribuer cette évolution à la seule raison du numérique.
Développement interdisciplinaire d’un support numérique à l’interface tangible pour les cours collectifs de musique : l’expérience dans une classe de rythmique Jaques-Dalcroze
Authors: Aristides Marcos , Talou Romain , Morard Christine , Bianco Silvia Del
Published: January 2025

L’Institut Jaques-Dalcroze de Genève (IJD), dans le cadre de son projet e-dalcroze 2020, participe aux réflexions autour de l’intégration des technologies numériques dans les pratiques enseignantes de la rythmique. Cette étude présente le retour d’une expérience de conception, développement et tests d’un dispositif numérique à l’interface tangible destiné à l’éducation musicale. L’expérience a été conduite par une équipe interdisciplinaire formée de deux enseignantes de l’IJD, d’un designer d’outils numériques et d’un chercheur post-doc en technologies pour la formation et l’apprentissage. La méthode adoptée pour le développement du dispositif est le design par scénario, une approche interactive et qui favorise l'interdisciplinarité. Dans le but de créer un dispositif numérique dont les caractéristiques facilitent son adoption dans les classes de rythmique de l'IJD, l’équipe a développé un outil numérique sonore, à l’interface tangible. Il s’agit, en l’occurrence, des pads sensibles à la pression de l’élève sur sa face et ouvert aux actions simultanées du groupe élèves-enseignante. Pour compléter le cycle, nous avons testé le dispositif en classe de rythmique pour observer, d’une part, les fonctionnalités techniques et, d’autre part, l’apport du dispositif en tant qu’appui pédagogique à l’enseignement et à l’apprentissage. Cette expérience contribue aux discussions autour de l’adoption pédagogique des technologies numériques.
Sortir des guerres de Religion
Authors: Giraudier Fanny
Published: January 2025

Le début du règne d’Henri IV est marqué par une politique de pacification religieuse qui passe par des conquêtes militaires, des négociations, des traités de paix et un édit garantissant la liberté de culte dans le royaume, dont les ressorts sont déjà bien connus. Dans ce contexte particulier, le rétablissement de la cour reste un impensé de l’action politique du premier Bourbon. La formation de cette société curiale après des années de guerres et de contestation de la légitimité d’Henri IV n’est pourtant pas évidente et mérite une attention particulière. Le roi n’en est pas le seul ordonnateur car il doit composer avec une noblesse qui réintègre progressivement cet espace de pouvoir, non sans quelques prétentions. Les relations entre le souverain et la noblesse sont donc au cœur de cet ouvrage : qu’il s’agisse du premier entourage du roi lors de son accession au trône, de la composition des domesticités royales ou de la troupe de fidèles qui partagent les plaisirs de la cour. Celle-ci devient un instrument aux mains du souverain qui orchestre son quotidien et impose sa propre conception du cérémonial, mais elle est également le lieu où se forment les conflits et où se fomentent parfois des complots qui traduisent les fragilités de l’édifice monarchique et les contestations dont le pouvoir bourbonien peut faire l’objet.
The Role of Digital Food Marketing in Shaping Consumer Behavior and Sustainability in Emerging Economies
Authors: Asif Sarina
Published: January 2025

In the digital age, food marketing strategies are rapidly evolving, particularly in emerging economies where access to technology and online platforms is expanding. This chapter explores how digital food marketing is reshaping consumer behavior and promoting sustainability in these markets. The rise of digital platforms has created new opportunities for food businesses to engage with consumers, influencing their purchasing decisions and encouraging the adoption of health-conscious and sustainable consumption patterns. However, cultural, social, and economic factors significantly impact how these strategies are received and implemented. This chapter aims to investigate the effects of digital food marketing on consumer preferences in emerging economies and examine how sustainability-focused campaigns can drive behavioral change. It will explore the interplay between marketing innovation and consumer decision-making, focusing on the role of digital tools in promoting sustainable practices. Drawing on surveys, interviews, and case studies, the chapter will provide insights into how digital marketing strategies can be optimized to encourage healthier and more environmentally responsible food choices. The research will contribute to understanding the potential of digital food marketing to influence consumption habits and promote sustainability, offering actionable insights for marketers, policymakers, and academics in the food industry. By addressing the unique challenges and opportunities within emerging economies, this chapter will offer a roadmap for leveraging digital marketing to achieve long-term sustainability goals in the global food sector.
Higher Education Level Assessment Method and Implementation Using Multimedia Big Data Feature Extraction
Authors: Wang Junqiao
Published: January 2025

With the rise of a new round of scientific and technological updates and changes, the application of multimedia big data is gradually used in all walks of life. Based on the characteristics of multimedia big data, this paper proposes the construction method and realization path of higher education evaluation method. By analyzing the characteristics of higher education evaluation methods and the application of multimedia big data in higher education evaluation, this paper determines the indicators in the higher education evaluation system from four dimensions. The weights of the indicators at all levels are determined through the entropy weighting method. Finally, this paper empirically tests the comprehensive evaluation method of higher education and proposes feasible measures while analyzing the evaluation results. This study provides useful guidance for the development of a perfect higher education evaluation system.
Teaching Landscape Architecture Courses Using Hybrid Teaching Approaches
Authors: Liu Meng
Published: January 2025

As a teaching method that integrates online and offline teaching resources, the application of blended teaching mode in landscape design professional courses has attracted much attention. With the background of landscape design professional teaching, this paper carries out in-depth research and analysis on the definition, advantages and application of blended teaching mode in landscape design professional teaching. By means of questionnaire survey, this paper evaluates the application effect of the blended teaching mode of Blue Ink Cloud Classroom in landscape design majors in colleges and universities. Therefore, by comprehensively and systematically discussing the application of blended teaching mode in landscape design professional courses, the article provides useful reference and inspiration for the teaching reform and development of landscape design majors. It is hoped that the research results of this article will have a positive impact on the application of blended teaching mode in landscape design majors.
The impact of green human resource management practices on organisational sustainability through green knowledge sharing
Authors: Khawaja Aimun , Janjua Khalida N.
Published: January 2025

Orientation: This study investigated the linkage between Green Human Resource Management Practices (GHRMP) and organisational sustainability (OS).Research purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of GHRMP on OS with the mediating effect of green knowledge sharing (GKS).Motivation for the study: This research is pioneering in the Pakistani context, representing the significance of GHRMP in fostering OS.Research approach/design and method: This research employed survey questionnaire, and, using purposive sampling, data were collected from 420 managerial-level employees working in the textile industry of Pakistan. Data analysis was done using structural equation modelling with the use of Smart Partial Least Squares 4.0 software.Main findings: The study established a positive direct relationship between GHRMP and OS and also between GHRMP and GKS. This study also revealed that GKS has a significant mediation role in the relationship between GHRMP and OS.Practical/managerial implications: Managers in the textile sector can prioritise hiring individuals who value and possess skills in OS. They can implement training programmes that focus on sustainability practices like waste reduction and energy conservation. Managers can integrate environmental criteria into performance evaluation which motivates employees to prioritise sustainability in their roles. Top management support for GHRMP builds competencies that enhance environmental performance. Organisations aiming for sustainability should implement GHRMP at both organisational and individual levels to foster eco-friendly actions across the workforce.Contribution/value-add: The study provides useful recommendations for organisations on environmental issues especially in an emerging economy like Pakistan. It also innovatively examines the ways by which GHRMP can enhance OS in the textile sector of Punjab, Pakistan, where extensive industrialisation and environmental pollution are evident. Future research could discover additional dimensions of this concept with various mediators and moderators in different geographical contexts.
The Effect of COVID-19 on Tuberculosis Care and Treatment Outcome in Pre-COVID, COVID, and Post-COVID Eras
Authors: Ranpariya Pooja N. , Solanki Harsha M. , Chudasama Rajesh K.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a significant disruption of all healthcare services. Tuberculosis (TB) services were also affected by the COVID-19 pandemic policies. Therefore, this study was planned to observe whether TB services and treatment outcome were affected in pre-COVID, COVID, and post-COVID eras among TB patients.

Materials and Methods:

Secondary data analysis was carried out from the data obtained from District Tuberculosis Centre. Comparison of TB care data includes notification, diagnosis, treatment services, and outcome for the pre-COVID, COVID, and post-COVID periods.

Results:

TB notifications and diagnostic services were significantly hampered during the COVID-19 period as compared to pre-COVID and post-COVID periods (P < 0.05). However, in those diagnosed with TB, treatment was initiated timely and regular follow-up was done by health care workers to ensure treatment adherence, and hence, more cure rate was reported in the study. High mortality during COVID-19 period was found.

Conclusion:

TB care was significantly restrained during COVID-19 pandemic, and further reclamation of services occurred during the declining phase of COVID-19.
The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Postpartum Depression in Western India: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kansagra Dharti J. , Amin Chikitsa D. , Chauhan Rajendra B.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a nonpsychotic mental health condition associated with child birth. It poses a major global public health challenge as it remains unrecognized most of the time and impairs both the immediate and long-term health of both the mother and child. The study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors for PPD.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 450 women who delivered babies within the past 1–12 months and attending a tertiary care hospital during April to November 2021. Systemic random sampling was used to obtain the desired sample size. Basic sociodemographic variables (age, duration of postpartum period, residence, religion, education, occupation, birth spacing, complication during pregnancy, desired gender of child, birth weight of baby) related to pregnancy were collected. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to estimate the prevalence of PPD.

Results:

The prevalence of PPD in the study was 14.2%. The mean ± standard deviation age of women was 27.1 ± 4.7 years. Sociodemographic factors such as maternal age, low level of education, and family type and obstetric factors such as age at first pregnancy, parity, and history of abortion were significantly associated with PPD (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Risk factors related to sociodemographic and obstetric history were found to be significantly associated with PPD. To prevent major depression in postpartum, early detection and timely referral are needed.
Knowledge, Attitude, And Practices of The Educated Women of North India Toward Cervical Cancer
Authors: Miglani Ishita , Gandhi Urvashi , Laul Poonam
Published: January 2025

Cervical cancer is a largely preventable disease that claimed the lives of more than 300 000 women in 2018. Hesitation to adopt cervical cancer screening strategies motivated us to find out the knowledge gaps and attitudes of the educated section toward these practices. An in-depth knowledge of this aspect will help us comprehend the barriers that are deterring women from accepting these practices. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from November 1, 2021, to November 30, 2021, to assess the public knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cervical cancer. The self-designed online questionnaire was shared on social media such as Telegram, WhatsApp, LinkedIn, and Facebook. Girls and women aged 15 years and more studying in educational institutions or those who have completed their graduation were asked to fill out the questionnaire if willing to do so anonymously. 824 respondents filled out the online survey. 75% of the respondents had good knowledge about pap smear and HPV vaccination. Only 80 respondents (9.7%) were vaccinated against HPV. 255 (30.9%) had been screened with a pap smear at least once in their lifetime. Screening with pap smear was never performed in 412 subjects, which constituted 50% of the respondents. A poor knowledge about the eligibility of pap smear and the availability of HPV as a screening modality may have contributed to a poor conversion to the regular practice of screening modalities. Awareness drives need to focus on these issues.
Is Objective Structured Practical Examination a Better Option than Conventional Practical Examination in Assessing Students’ Competency? An Analytical Research
Authors: Rout Arup J. , Dasgupta Pallabi , Saha Tushar K. , Biswas Daliya
Published: January 2025

Background:

There was always a need for some innovative assessment method like an objective structured practical examination (OSPE) which is objective, reliable, and valid over conventional practical examinations (CPEs), which lack objectivity and reliability and carries risk of teachers’ bias as learning is assessment-driven. The aim of this study was to find out the effectiveness of OSPE over CPE among seventh-semester medical students and to assess the objectivity of structured questions among different OSPE stations.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 207 students appeared in the seventh-semester examination in community medicine, and they were divided into three groups depending on their total marks. Each student had to face both OSPE stations and conventional viva voce tables and their scores were recorded. A paired T-test was done to assess differences in mean marks between OSPE and CPE. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done to compare the OSPE station-wise mean among different series of examinations.

Results:

The high-scorer students secured significantly higher mean marks of 30.30 ± 3.94 in OSPE than in CPE (26.93 ± 3.85). The mean marks obtained by high-scorer students showed no significant difference except in one station. Among the low-scorer group, statistically significant differences in mean marks were found among various stations.

Conclusions:

OSPE is an effective tool of assessment than CPE. Still, meticulous care is to be taken in designing respective OSPEs, and proper training of assessors is also needed, to avoid biases.
An Assessment of High-Risk Sexual Behavior and Associated Factors Among Self-identified Hijras Residing in an Urban Slum of Mumbai, India
Authors: Mundhe Deepak K. , Qureshi Saniya S. , Chavan Yuvaraj B.
Published: January 2025

Background:

A high proportion of sexual minorities like Hijras/Eunuch engage in sex work and thus become a high-risk population for HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Hence, we conducted a study with objective to assess prevalence of high-risk behavior among self-identified Hijras/Eunuch and associated factors.

Material and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in a field practice area of Tertiary Care Hospital from December 2019 to December 2020. All participants in the age group of 18 to 45 years were interviewed. Univariate and bivariate analysis was done to determine the correlates.

Results:

Out of 163, 85% of participants were involved in high-risk sexual behavior and 46.63% did only sex work, 51.5% of participants had comprehensive knowledge about HIV/STI. On applying logistic regression, the factors associated with high-risk sexual behavior include 18–24 years of age group, history of addiction, practicing paid sex, using psychotropic substances, comprehensive knowledge regarding HIV/STI, and comprehensive exposure to preventive measures.

Conclusion:

Our study ﬁndings suggest the urgent need for appropriate preventive measures to understand and address sexual health and risk behavior vulnerabilities faced by Hijras to make signiﬁcant progress against the HIV epidemic in the country.
Systematic Discovery of Natural Products for Relieving Coronavirus Disease 2019 Symptoms by a Transcriptome-Based Functional Gene Module Reference Approach
Authors: Wang Ying-Dong , Jin Tong , Zhang Yuan-Yuan , Zhan Ling-Min , Cheng Cai-Ping , Zhao Jin-Zhong , Zhang Wu-Xia , Fu Bang-Ze , Li Peng , Li Tian-Gang
Published: January 2025

Objective:

Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience various symptoms such as fever, cough, fatigue, and headache. At present, only two traditional over-the-counter medications, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen, are recommended for treating COVID-19 symptoms. However, there is an urgent need to discover safer remedies, potentially found in daily food items, that can be used for long-term prevention of COVID-19 symptoms. This study aimed to explore safe natural products capable of alleviating COVID-19 symptoms.

Materials and Methods:

We developed a Transcriptome-based Functional Gene Module Reference (TFGMR) approach, utilizing gene expression data from natural products and gene modules associated with COVID-19. Our hypothesis was that candidate natural products would significantly inhibit the expression of genes linked to COVID-19 symptoms without enhancing the expression of genes related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 invasion.

Results:

Using the TFGMR approach, we identified 109 natural products with the potential to alleviate COVID-19 symptoms, with 15 of them having experimental evidence supporting their efficacy. These natural products consist of three daily food items – olive oil, nuts, and a mixture of vegetables, fruits, and yogurt; 43 functional foods, such as Fructus Gardeniae and Flos Lonicerae; as well as 63 natural drugs such as Plantamajoside and Safflomin A. These findings suggest that incorporating these three daily food items into one’s diet may contribute to the prevention of COVID-19.

Conclusions:

The study underscores the importance of recommending functional foods based on robust scientific evidence supporting their efficacy. The integration of diverse technological approaches holds promise in identifying safe remedies that could aid in the prevention and alleviation of COVID-19 symptoms, providing new opportunities for their everyday use.
Diffusive convective elliptic problem in variable exponent space and measure data
Authors: Soma Safimba , Konaté Ibrahime , Kaboré Adama
Published: January 2025

In this article, we study a class of convective diffusive elliptic problem with Dirichlet boundary condition and measure data in variable exponent spaces. We begin by introducing an approximate problem via a truncation approach and Yosida’s regularization. Then, we apply the technique of maximal monotone operators in Banach spaces to obtain a sequence of approximate solutions. Finally, we pass to the limit and prove that this sequence of solutions converges to at least one weak or entropy solution of the original problem. Furthermore, under some additional assumptions on the convective diffusive term, we prove the uniqueness of the entropy solution.
Large-time optimal observation domain for linear parabolic systems
Authors: Mazari-Fouquer Idriss , Privat Yannick , Trélat Emmanuel
Published: January 2025

Given a well-posed linear evolution system settled on a domain

\Omega

of

\mathbb{R}^{d}

, an observation subset

\omega\subset\Omega

and a time horizon

T

, the observability constant is defined as the largest possible nonnegative constant such that the observability inequality holds for the pair

(\omega,T)

. In this article we investigate the large-time behavior of the observation domain that maximizes the observability constant over all possible measurable subsets of a given Lebesgue measure. We prove that it converges exponentially, as the time horizon goes to infinity, to a limit set that we characterize. The mathematical technique is new and relies on a quantitative version of the bathtub principle.
Weighted $\frac{N}{2}$-biharmonic equations with exponential growth nonlinearity without the Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition
Authors: Abid Imed , Baraket Sami , Jaidane Rached
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we establish the existence of nontrivial solutions for a logarithmic weighted

\frac{N}{2}

-biharmonic problem within the unit ball

B

of

\mathbb{R}^{N}

, without imposing the Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition. The nonlinearity exhibits critical or subcritical growth in view of weighted Adams inequalities. Our proof relies on minimax techniques and the pass mountain theorem applied to Cerami sequences. In the critical case, the associated energy does not adhere to the compactness constraint. We introduce a novel growth condition and emphasise the importance of avoiding the compactness level.
Wrap-Around Insulation Repair and Protection Sleeve, Permanent, Electric, Environment Resistant
Authors:   AE-8C2 Terminating Devices and Tooling Committee
Published: January 2025

The AS6224 specification covers environment resistant, permanent insulation repair sleeves for repairing different types of insulation damages of wire or cable jackets in installed applications. The repair sleeve is intended to repair damaged primary wire or cable jacket covers where the shielding and wire conductors are not damaged.
Recommended Practice for Bar-Coded Vehicle Identification Number Label
Authors:   VIN - WMI Technical Committee
Published: January 2025

This SAE Recommended Practice describes the basic content requirements, barcode specifications, and functional test specifications of the vehicle identification number (VIN) label. On the vehicle, the VIN label is to be mounted in a readily accessible location for use of a barcode scanning device.
Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engine Lubricants Performance and Service Classification
Authors:   Fuels and Lubricants TC 1 Engine Lubrication
Published: January 2025

This SAE Standard was prepared by Technical Committee 1, Engine Lubrication, of SAE Fuels and Lubricants Council. The intent is to improve communications among engine manufacturers, engine users, and lubricant marketers in describing lubricant performance characteristics. The key objective is to ensure that a correct lubricant is used in each two-stroke-cycle engine.
New insights into the Mesolithic and Neolithic layers of the Darkveti rock shelter in the Imereti Region, Western Georgia
Authors: Chkhatarashvili Guram , Tskvitinidze Nikoloz , Tsikaridze Nikoloz , Davenport James A. , Glascock Michael D.
Published: January 2025

The Darkveti multi-layered site in the Imereti region of Georgia offers valuable insights into prehistoric human activity. Despite extensive research conducted in the 1960s and 1970s by Lamara Nebieridze, certain aspects of the site's chronology and inhabitants' mobility remained unclear. This study aims to address these gaps through collaborative, interdisciplinary research involving Georgian and foreign scientists. The primary objective is to precisely date the cultural layers belonging to the Mesolithic and Neolithic epochs using absolute dating methods. By combining archaeological evidence with palaeontological, geoarchaeological, and palaeobotanical data, this study aims to reconstruct the palaeoenvironment and subsistence strategies of the Darkveti inhabitants. Additionally, the analysis of stone tools and lithic raw materials will shed light on technological developments and possible connections with neighbouring regions. The findings will contribute to a better understanding of the cultural dynamics, mobility patterns, and adaptations of prehistoric communities in the Imereti region and the wider Caucasus.
Exploring targeted policies and institutional frameworks to address the problem of child streetism in Ethiopia
Authors: Zewude Bewunetu , Tadele Getnet , Engdawork Kibur , Assefa Samuel
Published: January 2025

Background: Child streetism has long become a major public concern in Ethiopia. With rapid urbanization and deepening social  problems, street children are likely to increase in the future. The establishment of targeted policies and institutional arrangements could  help provide a framework for viable interventions. This article aims to identify existing policy frameworks and institutional arrangements  targeting street children in Ethiopia.
Methods : Purposely selected child-focused and social protection-oriented policy frameworks were reviewed using a desk review method  between August and September 2023. Data were analyzed using content analysis.
Results: Though a comprehensive national policy  specifically targeting street children is lacking, varying levels of coverage has been given to the issue of child streetism directly or  indirectly in the existing national policies. Institutional arrangements established at all levels from the federal to kebele level are also in  place to facilitate the provision of social protection services for vulnerable children. There is discrepancy between rhetoric and practice:  despite the policies are designed based on human rights-based approach (HRBA), interventions targeting street children are often  guided by institutional approach. Non-governmental organizations play a dominant role in the provision of various services to street  children, while the role of the government in the implementation of the policies is limited.
Conclusion: The study indicated mismatch  between the principles that guided the establishment of the policy frameworks and their implementation. We suggest increased role of  the government in the implementation of the policies guided by the HRBA.