bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategies Employed In Managing Inter-Ethnic Conflicts Occasioned By National Elections in Nakuru County between 1992 And 2017
Authors: Odanga Geoffrey Makokha , Iteyo Crispinous , Onkware Kennedy
Published: November 2022

Wars and conflicts decide political boundaries, move populations around the world, define political debates, and generally affect just about everything in our societies. Violence is widespread and can be tapped for a variety of reasons, including but not exclusively, election victory. Since the inception of multiparty system in 1992, there has been high volatile political environment in regions that have multiple ethnic composition. The study sought to evaluate the strategies employed in the management of inter-ethnic conflicts occasioned by national elections in Nakuru County, Kenya between 1992 and 2017. The study was anchored on Democratic theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design. This study targeted the house hold heads of Kuresoi North and Molo sub-counties. The study population included government officials, security personnel, CSOs officials, opinion leaders, religious leaders and youth group representatives. A total sample of 427 was used. Data collection tools adopted were questionnaire, FGDs and interview guides. The study employed both probability and non-probability sampling techniques. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) and results presented in form of charts, graphs, and tables for quantitative data and in narrative reports and verbatim quotations for qualitative data, the study concluded that the state which is the lead agency in conflict management has shifted from macro-level focus to micro-level intervention through local government institutions.
Metacognitive Strategies for Developing Writing Skills
Authors: Yamson (MAED) Ellen P. , L. Borong (EdD) Norlyn
Published: November 2022

Abstract- This study aims to determine the writing proficiency of 11th graders. The learning level and free writing were the main focuses of the research using  Two-Level Factorial design. Three GAS sections totaled forty-five (45) student who were made respondents. Stratified sampling was used by the researchers to find individuals. The study instrument consisted of eight video clips. The researchers discussed environmental themes, drug abuse, teenage pregnancies, about OFWs, achievement, charity, religious belief, and poverty. To evaluate the writing skills of Grade 11 pupils, the following statistical methods were used: mean, standard deviation, t-test for dependent samples, one-way ANOVA, and two-way ANOVA. It was found that the students' writing skills in the pre-test, when the metacognitive technique was not yet applied, were typically very good in the organization and good ability was obtained in the element of mechanics in the three ways of correction. In the post-test (metacognitive strategy was used), all elements of writing increased the students' ability or had a significant increase. It was found that the intervention used had no effect on writing ability and the interaction had no significant and relevant effect on ability. The metacognitive technique employed in the study aids in the improvement of the students' proficiency with the five writing-related components. The researchers advised teachers to focus on improving their students' writing abilities.

Abstract- This study aims to determine the writing proficiency of 11th graders. The learning level and free writing were the main focuses of the research using  Two-Level Factorial design. Three GAS sections totaled forty-five (45) student who were made respondents. Stratified sampling was used by the researchers to find individuals. The study instrument consisted of eight video clips. The researchers discussed environmental themes, drug abuse, teenage pregnancies, about OFWs, achievement, charity, religious belief, and poverty. To evaluate the writing skills of Grade 11 pupils, the following statistical methods were used: mean, standard deviation, t-test for dependent samples, one-way ANOVA, and two-way ANOVA. It was found that the students' writing skills in the pre-test, when the metacognitive technique was not yet applied, were typically very good in the organization and good ability was obtained in the element of mechanics in the three ways of correction. In the post-test (metacognitive strategy was used), all elements of writing increased the students' ability or had a significant increase. It was found that the intervention used had no effect on writing ability and the interaction had no significant and relevant effect on ability. The metacognitive technique employed in the study aids in the improvement of the students' proficiency with the five writing-related components. The researchers advised teachers to focus on improving their students' writing abilities.
The Effects of Miscarriage on Women’s Health
Authors: Rehena Parvin  , Mst. Tahmina Sultana  , Hossaion Shohal
Published: November 2022

In generally we can say that the loss of pregnancy during the first 20 to 23 week is called miscarriage.  The objective of this study was to determine the effects of miscarriage, reproductive tract and parity and gravidity on women's sexual life and also to know the effects of miscarriage on fertility rate. The study was cross-sectional study, which was done by within six month at the Natun Vuqta Malithia of the Sailkupa Upazila under Jhenaidah District who were affected by miscarriage. The total number of 100 women with the history of miscarriage was included in this study. Data was collected from field through direct interview and the method of data collection was case study method by using a well-developed semi-structured questionnaire. The data analysis was perform through by using software's Microsoft Excel.  Among the 100 respondents 74% respondents first delivery were happened between the age 13-20 years and 33% respondents faced the problem during intercourse and among them 41% suffered from abdomen pain, 91% respondents faced problems after miscarriage, 31% respondents faced problem at first conception and 48% respondents have alive children more than one conception. 26% respondents lost their every pregnancy for occurring miscarriage and 81% faced problem to continue pregnancy after miscarriage, 66% could not identify the causes of miscarriage, 72% faced long time physical problem after her miscarriage and the higher 18% were suffering from uterine problems, 48% were suffering from complication like infection after miscarriage. 80% respondents faced heavy bleeding, 67% were suffering from dysmenorrheal. 31% respondents faced problem to attend in social program without having children due to miscarriage which affects on respondents psychological condition.
IMPACT OF COASTAL TOURISM ENVIRONMENT ON THE CHARACTER VALUES OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS. (YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA)
Authors: Purwastuti Lusila Andriani , Magistar Mousafi Juliasandi
Published: November 2022

This study aims to analysed and identify the character values that exist in elementary school students in the coastal tourism area of Gunungkidul which affected by the tourism environment so that later it can become information in the formulation of school policies of regional governments to instill appropriate character education models for elementary school students in coastal areas Gunungkidul tourism beach. This research is a qualitative study with a case study approach. Data analysis uses inductive analysis techniques. Results found that there are positive and negative characters in elementary school students in Gunungkidul tourism coastal area. Positive characters include creative character and caring character. Negative characters include character of indiscipline, ignoring responsibility, and impoliteness. All of the character values is the impact of coastal tourism environment.
O CONTO COMO FORMA DE DUAS NARRATIVAS NA COLETÂNEA TORTURAS DE AMOR
Authors: Castro Netanias Mateus de Souza , Castro Ananias Marcos de Souza
Published: November 2022

Deparar-se com os contos presentes em Torturas de amor, coletânea de textos escritos por escritores nordestinos, baseados no gênero musical Brega e organizada por Bruno Gaudêncio, é encontrar diversos universos líricos, com representações distintas de amor. As narrativas aqui tomadas, a saber, “É impossível acreditar que perdi você”, de Roberto Menezes e “Eu hoje quebro essa mesa”, de Bráulio Tavares, no entanto, não são analisadas, ao menos prioritariamente, à luz desse fecundo campo temático que é o amor. Ler tais narrativas, por mais que sejam atrativas pelo conteúdo catártico, possibilita também o contato com a forma conto, considerando o texto como processo e como estrutura, sem, é claro, desconsiderar o conteúdo, entendendo-os de maneira articulada (cf. EAGLETON, 2011, p. 46). Desse modo, uma das possibilidades de abordagem da configuração formal do conto é a que propõe Piglia (2004), acerca de, no conto, haver a coexistência de duas narrativas, uma explícita e outra mais implícita, mas ambas de grande valia para a compreensão do gênero. Os contos aqui abordados apresentam, a partir de suas propostas, a estrutura defendida por Piglia (2004). Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar as duas narrativas apontadas pelo teórico citado em dois contos da coletânea Torturas de amor, que chegou ao mercado editorial em 2019 para somar à vasta produção contemporânea de contos. Daí a importância de ser tomada como objeto de estudos literários.
MODALIZAÇÃO E ARGUMENTAÇÃO
Authors: Florêncio Deymika de Carvalho , Lima Paulo da Silva
Published: November 2022

Buscando saber de que forma o uso de modalização contribui para a construção do discurso argumentativo no gênero editorial, neste artigo, objetivamos analisar o uso de modalizações lógicas, deônticas e apreciativas no discurso argumentativo de editorial, à luz da Análise do Discurso, do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo e do estudo da Argumentação. Para tanto, fundamentamo-nos nas noções de Argumentação, com os estudos de Amossy (2011), Charaudeau (2016) e Fiorin (2016); nas compreensões sobre o gênero editorial de Arbex Jr. (1992), Koche, Boff e Marinello (2014) e Pereira e Rocha (2006) e nas formulações sobre modalização de Coracini (1991) e Bronckart (2007). Como corpus, recorremos ao editorial Justiça Conveniente do jornal Folha de S. Paulo, publicado em 13 de julho de 2020. Quanto à abordagem metodológica, recorremos à pesquisa bibliográfica e ao método de análise interpretativista, numa abordagem qualitativa. Como resultados, constatamos o uso de modalizações lógicas, deônticas e apreciativas, que, em princípio, expressam a subjetividade do sujeito-enunciador, mas também podem criar efeito de objetividade. Com elas, aquele que argumenta avalia, aprecia, critica, evidencia, explica, constata, contradiz fatos, se aproxima ou se afasta de enunciados, defende, sugere e impõe pensamentos. Assim, as modalizações mostram-se como verdadeiras estratégias argumentativas, ajudando na construção do discurso argumentativo de editorial, uma vez que por meio delas o sujeito-enunciador se insere dentro do enunciado, de forma mais ou menos acentuada, para defender sua posição, seus interesses, de forma a persuadir o sujeito-enunciatário.
Reconstructing the Grand Narrative: The Pure Land of Madoka Magica
Authors: Greene Barbara
Published: November 2022

Since its premiere, the 2011 anime series Puella Magi Madoka Magica has been widely regarded by both critics and consumers as a groundbreaking work. While contemporary otaku culture typically eschews the notion of a grand narrative, this does not mean that otaku lack a longing for the transcendent, which is often projected onto a young girl whose limitless potential triggers an intense reaction with otaku who have an affinity for the fictional over the mundane. However, Madoka Magica harkens back to an even older model of the transcendent. Within the series, through powers gained from multiple, self-sacrificial incarnations, the lead character Madoka is able to break free from her reality and into a paradise in which her fellow magical girls can attain absolute peace. This article explores the ways in which the discourse of Pure Land Buddhism have been integrated into Madoka Magica and, thereby, offers otaku a postmodern Pure Land.
Host–pathogen interactions and genetic tools for resistance to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
Authors:   University of Illinois, USA, Rowland Raymond (Bob)
Published: November 2022

Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) is responsible for serious losses to the global pig industry and is emblematic of the modern infection disease problem. Respiratory disease caused by PRRSV is the result of a complex interaction of the virus with lung macrophages. PRRSV is unique because it is one of the few pathogens in pigs in which genetic approaches are being actively pursued as a mechanism to lessen the impact of the disease. This chapter focuses on two genetic approaches. The first is a marker-selected approach to identify genomic markers associated with disease resistance, a tool commonly applied to finding improvements of pig performance and carcass quality. The result is the identification of a marker linked to an important macrophage antiviral protein, guanylate binding protein 5 (GBP5). The second genetic approach is to prevent PRRSV infection of macrophages through the genetic modification of the PRRSV receptor CD163.
Optimizing the health of gilts and sows during pregnancy and parturition
Authors:   University of Helsinki, Finland, Björkman S. , Oliviero C. ,   University of Helsinki, Finland, Peltoniemi O. A. T. ,   University of Helsinki, Finland
Published: November 2022

Pregnancy and parturition are sensitive phases of the production cycle in the sow. Indeed, production diseases such as post partum dysgalactia syndrome (PDS) and vaginal discharge syndrome (VDS) appear in the peri- or postpartum period. Social stress and seasonal disruption of pregnancy in group housing seem to be linked, while contemporary research on infective agents threatening pregnancy reveals emergence of viral newcomers such as the PCV-3. Infectious reproductive diseases such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) and leptospirosis typically threaten pregnancy during the last trimester. While litter size goes on rising, duration of farrowing appears to be extending, creating welfare concerns and problems for transfer of immunity. Transfer of immunity from sow to gilt is therefore essential and interesting new information on interaction between farrowing management and microbiota has emerged. The new findings may bring light to management issues that should be under focus for future research.
Exploring the Influencing Factors and Validity of Formative Assessment in Online Learning
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhang Hongfeng
Published: November 2022

Online learning is increasingly popular as the pandemic spreads around the globe. This shift in learning preferences presents opportunities and difficulties for the assessment of learning. As a method of assessment used throughout the learning process, formative assessment can encourage students' interest in learning, enhance learning outcomes, support teachers' strategic planning and maximize teaching results. However, the effectiveness of online formative assessment has been questioned. This study uses a qualitative research methodology based on Grounded Theory to analyze the validity of formative assessment in online learning by examining the factors unique to online learning that affect it. After reviewing previous studies and interviewing 45 online learners, this paper three-level-coded the sources and analyzed them. Findings show that the validity is influenced by the lack of functional alienation caused by the effects of the subject's emotional game and adaptability, objective environment and technology and poor interaction. To help implement formative assessment in real classroom practices, two models were established based on the findings, namely the Formative Assessment Model (FAM) and Online Formative Assessment Validity Model (OFAV). This study asks about the influence factors and explores how much the validity of formative assessment shows in online practice, and provides new feasible ideas and suggestions for the future development of the field of educational assessment.
TERRITORIALIDADE INDÍGENA E DIREITO ESTATAL: CONSIDERAÇÕES À LUZ DO PLURALISMO JURÍDICO
Authors: Rodrigues Marco Antônio , Cavararo Rodrigues Andrea Lucia , Urquiza Antonio Hilario Aguilera
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo buscará analisar o conceito de territorialidade indígena frente ao direito estatal. Diante da dicotomia envolvendo a concepção de território entre indígenas e Estado, os conflitos fundiários levam a uma reflexão sobre o pluralismo jurídico, a eficácia do direito consuetudinário perante a Constituição Federal de 1988 e a condição jurídica dos povos indígenas em face dos territórios atualmente homologados. O estudo permite concluir sobre a necessidade de maior aproximação entre a ciência antropológica e o direito acerca de diversos conceitos, e o pluralismo jurídico surge como um dos possíveis caminhos para esse diálogo. A partir do método indutivo e da pesquisa bibliográfica, histórica, antropológica e jurisprudencial, o artigo buscará chegar ao resultado esperado.
OS PAIAKU E SUAS MOVIMENTAÇÕES: TERRITÓRIOS SOCIAIS E ELEVAÇÃO DAS VILAS DE ÍNDIOS (SÉCULO XVIII)
Authors: Leite Ristephany Kelly da Silva
Published: November 2022

A elevação dos aldeamentos indígenas, controlados por missionários, à categoria de Vilas de Índios, em meados do século XVIII, alterou as dinâmicas estabelecidas entre as populações indígenas e os demais habitantes dos sertões das Capitanias do Norte do Estado do Brasil. Para a criação da Vila de Portalegre, na Capitania do Rio Grande do Norte, foram transferidos os povos Paiaku da Missão do Apodi, na mesma capitania, e da Aldeia dos Paiaku, na Capitania do Ceará. Neste artigo, pretende-se abordar os deslocamentos realizados por estas populações, além de perceber as dinâmicas e estratégias estabelecidas pelos povos Paiaku, tentando compreender suas agencias.
CONFLITOS E DISPUTAS ENTRE OS INDÍGENAS COROADOS (KAINGANG) DA REGIÃO DO MATO CASTELHANO (PASSO FUNDO-RS) E OS NÃO INDÍGENAS NA PRIMEIRA METADE DO SÉCULO XIX.
Authors: Vinicius da Costa Marcus
Published: November 2022

O objetivo do texto a seguir é apresentar os principais resultados da pesquisa desenvolvida sobre os Indígenas Coroados (Kaingang) na região do Mato Castelhano (Distrito do Passo Fundo - RS) na primeira metade do século XIX, bem como problematizar os deslocamentos de parte deste grupo para aldeamentos estimulados pelo governo provincial e lideranças indígenas. Esta etapa da pesquisa é continuação da pesquisa realizada em 2020-2021 e que teve sequência em 2021-2022, ambas pelo Edital de Fomento Interno do IFRS-Campus Ibirubá. O corpus documental da pesquisa foi os ofícios dirigidos ao presidente da Província do Rio Grande de São Pedro pelas autoridades da Câmara de Vereadores da Vila do Divino Espírito Santo da Cruz Alta, na qual a região do Mato Castelhano estava situada na primeira metade do século XIX, tanto quanto os relatos de época. A metodologia seguiu as discussões da História Cultural e da História Indígena e os resultados obtidos com este esforço serão apresentados a seguir.
Addressing Math Anxiety in a STEM World: Preventative, Supportive, and Corrective Strategies for the Inclusive Classroom
Authors: Furner Joseph M. , Duffy Mary Lou
Published: November 2022

Mathematics teachers may at times take on the role of counselors to address the “math anxious” in their classrooms. Today math anxiety is real and is a factor in attracting young people to many STEM fields. By the time many young people reach middle school, they have developed certain dispositions toward mathematics. What strategies will lessen the negative disposition and anxiety many students have toward math? The strategies included in this article are applicable for both general and special education teachers, especially when used together to prevent and reduce math anxiety. It is important that all students feel confident in their ability to do mathematics in an age that relies so heavily on problem solving, technology, science, and mathematics. In a STEM world it really is a school’s obligation to see that their students value and feel confident in their ability to do math, because ultimately, all decisions individuals make and choices of careers may be determined in part by their attitudes toward mathematics.
Analisys of Hull Shape Art, Speed, Resistance, Power Using Holtrop Method On A Vessel With DWT 12,335 Ton
Authors: Caecielia Indira Joan , Tuharea Natasha Dewanti
Published: November 2022

The ship's resistance affects the selection of the main engine of the ship, especially the bulk carrier ship, which has a significant block coefficient. This study aims to obtain ship resistance with the Holtrop method on bulk carrier ships with a DWT of 30,000 tons. Holtrop method for calculation of tanker, general cargo, fishing vessel, tug, passenger, container, and frigate by using the main dimensions of the ship with Length Between Perpendicular (LPP) 175.27 m, Length on Load Waterline (LWL) 177.95 m, Breadth (B) 24.33 m. height (H) 14.5 m, Draft (T) 10.4 m, Speed (V) 14.5 Knots. Based on computerized results for a speed of 14.5 knots, the ship resistance value is 481.0 KN.
The 2016 Presidential Election, the Public Charge Rule, and Food and Nutrition Assistance Among Immigrant Households
Authors: Miller Daniel P. , John Rachel S. , Yao Mengni , Morris Melanie
Published: November 2022

Objectives. To investigate whether the 2016 US presidential election and the subsequent leak of a proposed change to the public charge rule reduced immigrant families’ participation in food and nutrition assistance programs.

Methods. We used nationally representative data on n = 57 808 households in the United States from the 2015–2018 Current Population Survey–Food Security Supplement. We implemented difference-in-difference-in-difference analyses to investigate whether the election and proposed rule change produced decreases in immigrant families’ participation in food and nutrition assistance programs and whether such decreases varied according to state policy generosity toward immigrants.

Results. Findings indicate significant and large decreases in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, School Breakfast Program, and National School Lunch Program participation among immigrants in moderately generous states but no changes to receipt of food assistance from nongovernmental sources or to household food insecurity.

Conclusions. Both anti-immigrant rhetoric and the perceived threat of policy enactment can be enough to produce chilling effects that have potentially serious implications for the health of immigrant households and thus the health of the nation. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(12):1738–1746. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307011 )
Changes in the Public Charge Rule and Health of Mothers and Infants Enrolled in New York State’s Medicaid Program, 2014‒2019
Authors: Wang Scarlett Sijia , Glied Sherry , Babcock Claudia , Chaudry Ajay
Published: November 2022

Objectives. To examine the effect of the January 2017 leak of the federal government’s intent to broaden the public charge rule (making participation in some public programs a barrier to citizenship) on immigrant mothers and newborns in New York State.

Methods. We used New York State Medicaid data (2014–2019) to measure the effects of the rule leak (January 2017) on Medicaid enrollment, health care utilization, and severe maternal morbidity among women who joined Medicaid during their pregnancies and on the birth weight of their newborns. We repeated our analyses using simulated measures of citizenship status.

Results. We observed an immediate statewide delay in prenatal Medicaid enrollment by immigrant mothers (odds ratio = 1.49). Using predicted citizenship, we observed significantly larger declines in birth weight (−56 grams) among infants of immigrant mothers.

Conclusions. Leak of the public charge rule was associated with a significant delay in prenatal Medicaid enrollment among immigrant women and a significant decrease in birth weight among their newborns. Local public health officials should consider expanding health access and outreach programs to immigrant communities during times of pervasive antiimmigrant sentiment. (Am J Public Health. 2022; 112(12):1747–1756. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307066 )
Rekreasyon Fayda Farkındalığı ve Yaşam Doyum Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Yakup
Published: November 2022

Rekreasyon fayda farkındalığı ve yaşam doyum düzeyi arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesinin ana amaç olarak belirlendiği bu çalışmada rekreasyon fayda farkındalığı, yaşam doyum düzeyi ve demografik özelliklerin karşılaştırılması ise alt amaçlar olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada birincil verilerin elde edilmesinde nicel veri toplama yöntemlerinden anket kullanılmıştır. Verilerin elde edilmesinde Rekreasyon Fayda Ölçeği ve Yaşam Doyum Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çankırı ilinde yaşayan 18-61 yaş aralığındaki bireylerin araştırmanın evrenini oluşturduğu çalışmada, örneklem sayısı 384 olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında 420 katılımcıya anket uygulanmış, kullanılabilir nitelikte olan 395 adedi değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında kullanılan verilerin normal dağılım göstermesi sonucunda parametrik analizlerden yararlanılmıştır. Katılımcıların boş zaman etkinlikleri için günlük ayırdıkları süreler ile rekreasyon fayda farkındalığı ve yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişkinin tespitine yönelik One-Way Anova Analizi, rekreasyon fayda farkındalığının yaşam doyumuna etkisinin belirlenmesi için ise korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler neticesinde rekreasyon fayda farkındalığı ile cinsiyet ve medeni durum değişkenleri açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı bir farklılığa rastlanmazken, yaşam doyumu ile cinsiyet ve medeni durum açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca rekreasyon fayda farkındalığı ile yaşam doyumu arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir.
Does Domestic Investment Matter? A Multivariate Time Series Analysis of Energy-CO2 Emission-Growth Nexus in Ghana
Authors: Bekoe Bernard Boamah , Chen Junfei , Tougem Tasinda Odette , Nketiah Emmanuel , Sakuwunda Kulena
Published: November 2022

The economic cost of Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to African economies have increased. Therefore, the GHG emissions and their concomitant effect on the environment are fast becoming costly to emerging economies like Ghana. Hence, the justification for the growing literature on the subject. This study employed the Autoregressive Distributive lag (ARDL) bounds test and Granger causality techniques with data from 1983 to 2014. The study examines the dynamic relationship between income growth, power consumption, and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Ghana, capturing the role of domestic investment and foreign direct investment (FDI) in the nexus. All variables were found to be cointegrated in the long run based on the bounds test. The Granger causality test indicates a unidirectional causality from energy consumption to CO2 emissions and economic growth. Further, a unidirectional causality from CO2 to economic growth was found in Ghana. Due to the significant effect of domestic investments on CO2 emissions reduction in both the short run and long run, the study recommends policymakers to adopt policies that may increase domestic capital in place of FDI, which has been proven to exacerbate environmental degradation in host countries.
Virulence of Beauveria sp. and Metarhizium sp. fungi towards Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)
Authors: Apirajkamol Nonthakorn (Beatrice) , Hogarty Timothy Michael , Mainali Bishwo , Taylor Phillip Warren , Walsh Thomas Kieran , Tay Wee Tek
Published: November 2022

Since 2016, the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, J.E. Smith) has spread from the Americas to invade many regions of the world, including Australia in early 2020. The development of effective pest management strategies for S. frugiperda is a high priority for crop protection. In the invasive range, the degree to which endemic biological control agents can constrain S. frugiperda remains sparsely investigated. This study examines 11 isolates of fungi including six Beauveria isolates and five Metarhizium isolates from Oceania for their potential as S. frugiperda biocontrol. Two Beauveria isolates (B-0571, B-1311) exhibited high virulence toward S. frugiperda caterpillars and adults. The overall mortalities over seven days in 3rd and 6th instar caterpillars and moths (respectively) for B-0571 was 82.81 ± 5.75, 61.46 ± 6.83, and 93.75 ± 3.61, and for B-1311 was 73.72 ± 2.51, 71.88 ± 5.41, and 97.92 ± 2.08%. The majority of deaths in the caterpillars occurred within the first 24 hours (3rd instar control 0.74 ± 0.33%, B-0571 73.96 ± 7.85 and B-1311 62.08 ± 3.67%; 6th instar control 0%, B-0571 66.67 ± 11.02% and B-1311 62.5 ± 9.55%). Infection from both isolates fully prevented reproduction in surviving S. frugiperda females. The two isolates, however, cause a significantly lower mortality in a native noctuidae species: Helicoverpa armigera (3rd instar B-0571 44.79 ± 4.54% and B-1311 19.80 ± 7.51%). The discovery of two fungal isolates with high virulence to S. frugiperda caterpillars and adults opens new avenues for the development of biological control tools for this invasive moth pest. Such tools may also provide additional options for control of native pest lepidoptera, and reduce selection pressure for resistance to Bt and synthetic insecticides.
A preliminary study of real-time imaging for MR guided vascular intervention and image quality assessment
Authors: Liu Kunkun , Dai Weibin , Peng Yueyou , Shi Tianfeng , Liu Tingting , Song Ningning , Jiang Yueluan , Kang Yunhui , Meng Yanfeng
Published: November 2022

Background
Real-time MRI provides radiation-free alternative to X-ray guided interventions, enables superb tissue imaging without administration of contrast agents. In this study, we proposed an 3T MRI system, and evaluated the image quality of real-time sequences for MR compatible guidewire and balloon.
Methods
MR guided intervention system were setup with 3T MR scanner and MR compatible monitor. Real-time sequences (FLASH and TrueFISP) were optimized and evaluated in the interventional procedure with a 3D printing aortic phantom, MR compatible guidewire and balloon catheter. After the images were obtained, the image quality was evaluated objectively, and subjectively. T tests was used to analyse the results.
Results
The temporal resolution of both sequences were 2 frames/s and spatial resolution was 1.1mm×1.1mm×10mm. For objective assessment, the TrueFISP sequence showed higher SNR and CNR than the FLASH sequence. Image uniformity and geometric distortion did not show significant difference. The subjective scores showed FLASH was higher than TrueFISP, because of moderate artefacts of guidewire and good visualization of balloon catheter.
Conclusions
In conclusion, the study demonstrates the MR real-time imaging, FLAH sequence, is feasible of guiding cardiovascular interventions.
Quantum metrology with ultracold chemical reactions
Authors: Fischer Uwe
Published: November 2022

Chemical chain reactions are known to enable extremely sensitive detection schemes in chemical, biological, and medical analysis, and have even been used in the search for dark matter. Here we show that coherent, ultracold chemical reactions harbor great potential for quantum metrology: In an atom-molecule Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), a weak external perturbation can modify the reaction dynamics and lead to the coherent creation of molecules in an atom-dominant regime which can be selectively detected with modern spectroscopic techniques. This
promises to substantially improve the viability of
previously proposed BEC-based
sensors for acceleration, gravitational waves, and other physical quantities, including the detection of dark matter,
that so far relied on the detection of the tiny density modulations caused by the creation of single phonons.
Diagnostic value of GDF10 for the tumorigenesis and progression in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Mei Peiyuan , Chen Jiaping , Meng Wangyang , Wang Yangwei , Meng Yunchong , Zhao Rong , Lin Wei , Liao Yongde , Xiao Han
Published: November 2022

Background Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) remains a poor survival rate, calling for a novel molecular with diagnostic and treatment value. Accumulative evidence found bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and their receptors (BMPRs) play important roles in tumorigenesis and progression, however, was lack of comprehensive analysis of their expression in LUSC. Methods . R/Limma package was performed to analyze the differential expression of BMPs/BMPRs in combination of TCGA and GTEx, and explore their expression characteristics with LUSC tumorigenesis in GSE33479. Meanwhile, survminer packages were performed to explore their prognostic value and correlation of clinical features in LUSC. Then, the potential diagnostic biomarkers and mechanisms associated with LUSC progression were further explored through weight gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA). At the same time, LASSO analysis was performed to construct a prognostic risk model for LUSC with the differential expression of BMPs/BMPRs as the core. Finally, the specimens were collected from 33 patients with LUSC and detected by IHC to confirm the relationship between protein levels of the above diagnostic BMPs/BMPRs and progression of LUSC. Results On the whole, 2 upregulated genes (BMP8A, BMP7) and 8 downregulated genes (BMP2, BMP5, BMP6, GDF5, GDF7, GDF10, ACVRL1 and BMPR2) were identified differentially expressed genes in LUSC. In these differentially expressed genes, GDF10 was only a significant correlation with pathological T stage of LUSC (p < 0.001). The co-expressed network showed that the positively related magenta module (Coefficient:0.93, p = 1.4e-70 < 0.001) and the negatively correlated turquoise module (Coefficient:0.89, p = 1e-200) are significantly associated with GDF10. Meanwhile, combining 72 significantly down-regulated genes in magenta module and 351 significantly up-regulated genes in turquoise module together, a prognostic risk model was constructed with GDF10 as the core gene and 5 hub genes (HRASLS, HIST1H2BH, FLRT3, CHEK2 and ALPL) (HR:1.73, 95%CI:1.32–2.28, p = 1e-04 < 0.001). At last, immunohistochemical results verified that the protein expression level of GDF10 decreased with the tumorigenesis and progression of LUSC. Conclusion Both mRNA and protein expression levels of GDF10 acted as an independent protective factor in the tumorigenesis and progression of lung squamous cell carcinoma. As a result, it may be a potential diagnostic biomarker and a new therapeutic target for LUSC.
Analysis of mental health status and influencing factors of medical staff during static management of the COVID-19 epidemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Zhou Xiaoli , Chen Hui
Published: November 2022

Objective
To assess the mental health of medical staff as the COVID-19 pandemic is being managed statically.
Methods
By a convenience sampling method, 560 medical personnel who worked in a certain region of China throughout the static management period were chosen as the research objects. To obtain information, the basic data questionnaire, the COVID-19 epidemic perception questionnaire, the psychological questionnaire for public health emergencies, the psychological resilience scale, and the social support scale were all implemented.
Results
The psychological questionnaire for public health emergencies of medical staff had a total score of 2.03 (0.87, 2.77), with scores for each dimension of depression, neurasthenia, fear, anxiety, and hypochondriasis being 0.56 (0,0.833), 0.425 (0.2,0.6), 0.57 (0.17,0.83), and 0.207 (0,0.4), respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that monthly salary, whether there was physical disease in the past, apartment, whether to work in the isolation area, attitude toward static management, psychological resilience score, social support score, and emotional knowledge score entered the influencing factor model of mental health of medical personnel (F = 4.759, P < 0.001), which could independently explain 33.8% of the total variation.
Conclusion
With static administration, the level of psychological stress experienced by medical workers during public health emergencies is excessive. To safeguard the physical and emotional health of medical workers, managers should improve the management of public health emergencies, establish a scientific and coordinated training program, and provide psychological assistance in a timely manner.
Posterior corneal elevation changes after small incision lenticule extraction
Authors: Liu Ming , Song Wenting , Chen Yuanyuan , Pan Hongbiao , Luo Dan , shi Lei
Published: November 2022

Background: To investigate posterior corneal surface (PCS) elevation changes and influencing factors after SMILE.
Methods: A total of 285 patients (559 eyes) were analyzed. The PCS elevation before the operation, 1 day, 1 week and 1 month after the operation were recorded, including cornea apex and the 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm circle. Analyzed the correlation between the changes with age, equivalent spherical refraction, corneal thickness, lenticule thickness, corneal cap thickness, lenticule diameter, residual corneal thickness, corneal cap thickness/corneal thickness, lenticule thickness/corneal thickness and PCS curvature.
Results: There were significant differences in the PCS elevation of the center and 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm circles at 1 day, 1 week and 1 month postoperation (P<0.0001) comparing to preoperation. There were no significant changes after 1 day (P>0.05). At the center and 2 mm circle, the PCS moved backward after the operation, which were positively correlated with preoperative values of K1, K2 and Km on the PCS (r>0, P<0.05). At the 4 mm and 6 mm circles, the PCS moved forward after the operation, while it was negatively correlated with the preoperative K1, K2 and Km of the PCS (r<0, P<0.05). There was no other influencing factors.
Conclusions: The PCS elevation changed significantly on the first day after SMILE surgery and then stayed stable. Within the safe range, the possibility of PCS expansion after SMILE is rare. SMILE surgery should be carefully selected for patients with excessive or excessively small PCS curvature.
Inference of fixed bias probe measurements - A machine learning approach
Authors: Olowookere Akinola , Marchand Richard , Buchert Stephan C
Published: November 2022

A new approach is presented to improve inferences made with Langmuir probe measurements in plasma while providing estimates of uncertainties.
The technique makes use of a combination of computer simulations, analytic approximations, and multivariate regressions.
It involves training inference models using currents collected by two probes, biased at different fixed potentials relative to a satellite.
An advantage with fixed bias probes is their higher temporal and spatial resolution, compared to the more standard mode operation where bias voltages are swept in time.
Synthetic data used to train models are constructed from kinetic simulations with assumed satellite and plasma parameters relevant to satellites in Low Earth Orbit (LEO).
Simulations are made assuming a truncated Swarm geometry, the two Electric Field Instruments (EFI) Langmuir probes, and different satellite
potentials in the range [-3, 0] V.
Models are constructed using two approaches, with two-tuples of currents as independent variables. Inference skills are assessed with different metrics, from comparisons between inferred plasma and satellite parameters, and known values used as input in the simulations.
The models are then applied to infer the same physical parameters, using Swarm A in situ measured currents, and comparing them with values reported on the Swarm data portal.
Inferences are consistent with values reported on the Swarm data portal, although it is not possible at this point to determine if, and if so, to what extent, the simulation-regression approach leads to better inferences.
Characterization and identification of the powdery mildew resistance gene in wheat breeding line ShiCG15-009
Authors: Zhang Wenjing , Yu Ziyang , Wang Dongmei , Xiao Luning , Su Fuyu , Mu Yanjun , Zheng Jianpeng , Li Linzhi , Yin Yan , Jin Yuli , Yu Tianying , Ma Pengtao
Published: November 2022

Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a serious fungal disease that critically threatens the yield and quality of wheat. Utilization of host resistance is the most effective and economical method to control this disease. In our study, a wheat breeding line ShiCG15-009, released from Hebei Province, was highly resistant to powdery mildew at all stages. To dissect its genetic basis, ShiCG15-009 was crossed with the susceptible cultivar Yannong 21 to produce F1, F2 and F2:3 progenies. After genetic analysis, a single dominant gene, tentatively designated PmCG15-009, was proved to confer resistance to Bgt isolate E09. Further molecular markers analysis showed that PmCG15-009 was located on chromosome 2BL and flanked by markers XCINAU130 and XCINAU143 with the genetic distances 0.2 and 0.4 cM, respectively, corresponding to a physic interval of 705.14-723.48 Mb referred to the Chinese Spring reference genome sequence v2.1. PmCG15-009 was most likely a new gene differed from the documented Pm genes on chromosome 2BL since its different origin, genetic diversity, and physical position. To analyze and identify the candidate genes, six genes associated with disease resistance in the candidate interval were confirmed to be associated with PmCG15-009 via qRT-PCR analysis using the parents ShiCG15-009 and Yannong 21 and time-course analysis post-inoculation with Bgt isolate E09. To transfer PmCG15-009 using marker-assisted selection (MAS), 18 closely or co-segregated markers were evaluated and confirmed to be suitable for tracing PmCG15-009, when it was transferred into different wheat cultivars via conventional hybridization.
Analyses of phylogeny and genetic evolution of Capripoxvirus in North and Northwest of China
Authors: Wu jinyan , Sun Jianfei , Du Guoyu , Zhang Cheng , Cao Xiaoan , Li Lingxia , Lan Xi , He Jijun , shang youjun
Published: November 2022

Capripoxviruses (CaPVs) mainly infect sheep, goats, and cattle, which cause rashes or knots, fever, and systemic papillae in flocks and herds. It is a highly infectious disease of major economic concern to the animal husbandry industry. This disease is widely spread all over the world, including China. In this study, we collected the tissue samples from goats, sheep, and cattle in the Northern and Northwestern of China, where the flocks and herds industries gather. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree analysis of GPCR, P32, and RPO30 showed that the two SPPV (Sheep poxvirus), two GTPV (Goat poxvirus), and one LSDV (Lumpy skin disease virus) strains were isolated in our works, respectively. Data of recombination analysis showed that SPPV strains usually has a recombination event in the GPCR gene. Except for GPCR genes, analysis of codon usage bias indicated that greater mutation pressure was found in GTPV and LSDV strains, and other genes were mainly affected by natural selection pressure in the evolutionary process. Selection pressure analysis also showed that SPPV, GTPV, and LSDV strains had a tendency to evolve toward adaptability. Taken together, this study shows how CaPVs have changed over time at the molecular and genetic levels in the North and Northwest of China. It also serves as a reference for future clinical and molecular research on CaPVs.
Evaluation of the Effects of Curcumin and its Two Nanoforms on the Cancerous and Normal Cell Lines in the Presence of Radiation
Authors: Toossi Mohammad Taghi Bahreyni , Vaziri Fereshteh , Gholamhoseinian Hamid , Azimian Hosein , Jaafari Mahmoud Reza , Negah Sajjad Sahab , Dolat Elham
Published: November 2022

The medicinal properties of herbs attract the public and the medical community’s attention. Turmeric is considered a natural substance with many health effects, and curcumin, as effective component of turmeric, is known to have several usefulness for human health. The dual effect of the curcumin in the presence of radiation as a radiosensitizer and radioprotector for tumor and normal cells, respectively, increases treatment efficacy. In this study we have investigated the effect of X-ray radiation (6 MV) and bulk curcumin, nano micelles, and nanoniosome of curcumin on two colorectal cancer cell lines and human fibroblast cells using MTT, colonogenic assay, and annexin-PI test. Based on the results, curcumin and the two formulations used decreased the viability of both cell lines, however the final results depend on the curcumin concentration. The results of the dose-response curve displayed that the survival fraction in the presence of nanomicelles had a dual function on cancerous and normal cells due to a radiosensitivity and radioprotective effects on cancerous and normal cells, respectively. However, these effects were not shown in the presence of nanoniosome of curcumin. Curcumin in all 3 forms increased apoptotic cells in both cell lines without any radiation. However, the apoptotic cells increased in exposed cancerous cells for all forms of curcumin, the apoptotic HFF cells decreased after radiation in presence of them. In conclusion, curcumin is considered a radiosensitizer in tumor cells, and its radioprotection properties need more studies.
Comparison of efficacy and safety between third-dose triple and third-dose dual antihypertensive combination therapies in patients with hypertension
Authors: Sung Ki-Chul , Hong Soon Jun , Rhee Moo-Yong , Jeong Myung-Ho , Kim Dae-Hee , Lim Sang-Wook , Park Kyungil , Lee Jin Bae , Kim Seok-Yeon , Cho Jin-Man , Cho Goo-Yeong , Heo Jung-Ho , Kim Sang-Hyun , Lee Hae-Young , Kim Weon , Cho Deok-Kyu , Park Sungha , Shin Jinho , Pyun Wook-Bum , Kwon Kihwan , Rha Seung-Woon , Jung Jin-A
Published: November 2022

Purpose

We compared the efficacy and safety of third-standard-dose triple and third-standard-dose dual antihypertensive combination therapies in patients with mild to moderate hypertension.

Methods

This was a phase II multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial. After a 4-week placebo run-in period, 245 participants were randomized to the third-dose triple combination (ALC group; amlodipine 1.67 mg + losartan potassium 16.67 mg + chlorthalidone 4.17 mg) or third-dose dual combination (AL group; amlodipine 1.67 mg + losartan potassium 16.67 mg, LC group; losartan potassium 16.67 mg + chlorthalidone 4.17 mg, AC group; amlodipine 1.67 mg + chlorthalidone 4.17 mg) therapy groups and followed up after 8 weeks.

Results

The mean systolic blood pressure (BP) reduction was − 18.3 ± 13.2, -13.0 ± 13.3, -16.3 ± 12.4, and − 13.8 ± 13.2 mmHg in the ALC, AL, LC, and AC groups, respectively. The ALC group showed significant systolic BP reduction compared to the AL and AC groups at weeks 4 (p = 0.010 and p = 0.018, respectively) and 8 (p = 0.017 and p = 0.036, respectively). The proportion of systolic BP responders was significantly higher in the ALC group (42.6%) than in the AL (22.0%), LC (23.3%), and AC (27.1%) groups (p = 0.013, p = 0.021 and p = 0.045, respectively) at week 4. The proportion of systolic and diastolic BP responders was significantly higher in the ALC group (59.7%) than in the AL (39.3%) and AC (42.4%) groups (p = 0.022 and p = 0.049, respectively) at week 8.

Conclusion

Third-standard-dose triple antihypertensive combination therapy demonstrated early effective BP control compared to third-standard-dose dual combination therapies, without increasing adverse drug reactions in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension.

Trial Registration

NCT04959305