bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of forest fragmentation in greater Gir landscape area, Gujarat using geospatial techniques
Authors: Mehta Abhinav , Shukla Shital , Rakholia Shrey
Published: February 2023

Due to the negative consequences of climate change, the fragmentation of forest areas worldwide as a result of increased anthropogenic pressure has become a source of concern. The objective of this research study was to evaluate forest fragmentation analysis around the Greater Gir Landscape, Gujarat. The Fragmentation assessment was performed based on Land-use & Land-cover (LULC) analysis using the Landsat 8 OLI images of 2015 and 2019 as primary datasets for the study. Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques were employed for LULC mapping with seven classes showing increment in the agriculture and vegetation patches with the year 2019 in compare to year 2015 due to accumulative rainfall pattern. The Spatial Metric was performed with the use of FRAGSTATS software, where Landscape Metrics were quantified using Class level, Landscape level and Moving Window Analysis. The trend observed in all the metrics calculated indicates increasing of continuity in Greater Gir Landscape. The forest has not undergone severe degradation but a rise in the natural classes like agriculture, vegetation patches, and waterbodies has led to increase in the level of continuity which is leading to conversion of these land patches in homogeneity of the areas using geospatial techniques. These spatial metrics using FRAGSTATS helps in simplifying quantification of the complex spatial processes and can be used for generating a positive framework for forest conservation.
Personal Branding Fadil Jaidi di Media Sosial Instagram @Trafficbun.id
Authors: Handayani Hajar Aswati
Published: February 2023

Social media influencer named Fadil Jaidi is the CEO (Chief Executive Officer) of the food culinary business @Trafficbun.id. Fadil Jaidi not only does product branding, He also carries out a personal branding process through social media (Instagram). The purpose of the study is to determine personal branding and the steps to form Fadil Jaidi based on Instagram social media (ini kalimat indo nya gajelas jadi translate nya seadanya aja, ga ngerti maksud nya). The result of this study is that Fadil Jaidi formed a personal branding using the features on Instagram. Fadil Jaidi's personal branding process goes through 7 aspects. Specialization : Fadil Jaidi likes culinary. Leadership: he has a friendly nature (tidak melihat latar belakang kyknya masih kurang jelas deh, latar belakang apa? Tapi kalo translate nya : and does not see any kind of background). Personality: he has a humorous and humble personality. The difference/uniqueness : the clothes he used are always full color. Unity: cheerful, friendly, and humorous. Persistence: Fadil Jaidi is up to date on social media Instagram. Good intentions: never respond to haters on Instagram social media and keep uploading promos and innovations for Trafficbun.id.
A Comparative Study on the Renewable Energy Related Curriculums in the Universities in Guangdong- Hong Kong- Macao Greater Bay Area
Authors: Chung Chao-Chen , Kaiqiang Wang , Yujia Zhong
Published: February 2023

The development of energy professionals played important roles for energy innovation and sustainability transitions in Guangdong- Hong Kong- Macao Greater Bay Area. We selected three representative universities, i.e. Sun Yat-sen University, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and the University of Macao in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao as the examples which presented current status of higher education in the fields of renewable energies. We compared these renewable energy related curriculums in terms of quantities, structures and contents. The results showed that the renewable energy related curriculums in the three universities should expand at postgraduate levels, strengthen their linkages with industries and increase interdisciplinary courses in order to optimize professional training in the Greater Bay Area.
Making space with data
Authors: Hoffmann Birk Rasmus , Trolle Elmholdt Kasper
Published: February 2023

In this article we engage with the contemporary data moment by exploring how particular data practices – consisting of census data and statistics - have become embroiled in the making of urban space and governance in Denmark. By focusing on the controversial case of Danish “ghettos” - a state-sanctioned list of marginalised urban areas– we show how Danish data practices of routinely collecting and aggregating extensive census data have become central to ascribing particular urban neighbourhoods as ghetto areas. These data practices spatialise residential housing areas as problematic and influence Danish urban governance. We explore how new forms of data practices for monitoring urban areas arise, and argue that these practices help to maintain the spatialisation of the “ghetto list”. They do so by drawing multiple forms of data together, that visualise and monitor “at risk” areas making them governable and amenable to physical changes. Finally, we show how the state uses data practices to make citizens (and municipalities) accountable; yet, this accountability cuts both ways, as citizens and municipalities also use data to hold the state accountable. We end with a discussion of how our analysis of data practices has implications for how we imagine the scalar hierarchy of the state and the politics of data.
Enlivening Data
Authors: Tam Man-kei
Published: February 2023

This article is based on ethnographic research conducted in the wake of the Fukushima nuclear disaster in Japan in 2011. The paper analyses how the interplay between the state, the citizenry, and particular radiation technologies defined the shifting boundaries of safety after the fallout and its disruptions. Drawing on James Scott’s notion of legibility, I analyse the Japanese state’s deployment of dosimeters, maps, and monitoring posts, which generated myriad data that were translated into the legibility of radiation, whereby the enactment of new boundaries of safety and the remaking of the Japanese state became feasible. Previous studies of the Chernobyl and Fukushima disasters indicated that ordinary people, if not precisely victimized, have limited capacities to make their claims and confront powerful authorities. In Iitate, I trace citizens’ responses to incorporating accessible and affordable technologies that rendered the state’s boundaries of safety leaky, immanent, and continually renegotiable, whereby ordinary people are empowered to enact alternative ways of seeing and perceiving radiation. I use the notion of ‘enlivening’ to differentiate citizens’ data from those produced by the state and suggest how the environment has re-emerged as an experimental field generative of new relations between villagers’ lives and a diversity of things and organisms.
Data criticality
Authors: Kaufmann Mareile , Bonde Thylstrup Nanna , J. Burgess Peter , Rudinow Sætnan Ann
Published: February 2023

The data moment, we argue, is not a single event, but a multiplicity of encounters that reveal what we call ‘data criticality’. Data criticality draws our attention to those moments of deciding whether and how data will exist, thus rendering data critically relevant to a societal context and imbuing data with ‘liveliness’ and agency. These encounters, we argue, also require our critical engagement. First, we develop and theorize our argument about data criticality. Second, by using predictive policing as an example, we present six moments of data criticality. A description of how data is imagined, generated, stored, selected, processed, and reused invites our reflections about data criticality within a broader range of data practices.
The rhetorical work of credibility-building for social scientific big data: Positioning arguments and legitimacy in empirical sociology
Authors: Pääkkönen Juho
Published: February 2023

This article investigates the rhetorical work of building credibility for social scientific research designs with big data. Big data is discussed  as a contested concept in the social sciences, one whose meaning and implications are under dispute. Proceeding from analysis of 29 sociology articles based on empirical research, the author argues that credibility is constructed in this context through the rhetorical positioning of disciplines as legitimate interpreters of big data. The article identifies three distinct positioning strategies: conservative, reformist, and supplementarist, each of which locates the legitimacy of interpretation in its own way. While conservative positioning fixes  the locus of legitimate interpretation within the social sciences, those employing a reformist strategy seek to widen it to encompass methods from beyond established social scientific fields. Finally, supplementarist positioning portrays big data as inherently limited and ties the legitima­cy of interpretation to alternative approaches. Through identifying and addressing these respective strategies, the article discusses rhetorical positioning as part of the work of enacting big data: a performative process that can foster several visions of the future methodology of the social sciences.
Kongevejen til det indre af Mexico
Authors: Schacke Ivar
Published: February 2023

Camino Real de Tierra Adentro –Kongevejens spanske navn – løber fra Mexico City til Santa Fe, en by beliggende i hvad der i dag er staten New Mexico i USA. Vejen har en totallængde på 2650 km, hvoraf 646 km forløber i USA. Begyndelsen fra Mexico city til Zacatecas blev etableret i forbindelse med sølvtransporterne.
Transportens historie
Authors: Burchardt Jørgen
Published: February 2023

Anmeldelse af:

Martin Zerlang: Danmark set gennem et cykelhjul. 288 sider Gads Forlag, 2018.

Martin Zerlang: Danmark set gennem en bilrude. 272 sider Gads Forlag, 2021.

Erich Karsholt: Dansk bilproduktion. Bil- og samlefabrikker i det 20. århundrede. 453 sider Strandbergs forlag, 2020.

Nils Bloch: Benzinstationens historie. Højoktan nostalgi. 472 sider Skinne bøger, 2021.
Plataformas digitales para los cuidados y entidades de Economía Social
Authors: Farias Batlle Mercedes , Alfonso Sánchez Rosalía
Published: February 2023

En todo el planeta, los cuidados de larga duración van generando un segmento de la economía en crecimiento constante. El número de empresas privadas y fondos de inversión que han entrado en este mercado ha crecido exponencialmente. Este es un ámbito caracterizado por la prestación del cuidado por mujeres y, con el incremento de la inmigración de personas más pobres y de otras culturas, los cuidados también se les encargan a ellas. La tipología de la oferta de atención, pública o privada, de cuidados es muy variada. Al impulso de la renovación digital han surgido, como una alternativa más, las plataformas digitales de cuidados. Sin legislación específica, éstas plantean muchos problemas que merecen especial estudio y atención. Algunos pueden ser solventados si la entidad titular de la plataforma no es un empresario que intermedia los servicios entre el cliente y las cuidadoras sino una empresa de la economía social.
La mejora del acceso a la financiación en el marco de la economía social. Reconsideración de los instrumentos financieros y mecanismos de inversión a la luz del Plan de Acción para la Economía Social
Authors: Blanco Sánchez María Jesús
Published: February 2023

El presente trabajo pretende analizar el futuro del acceso a los mecanismos de financiación por las empresas de economía social a la luz del Plan de Acción para la economía social puesto en marcha por la Comisión europea. Se parte la consideración de aspectos esenciales de la economía social contextualizada en el momento de recuperación pos pandemia en el que nos encontramos, poniendo en valor el papel que la economía social puede y debe asumir. Se refieren mecanismos de financiación preexistentes y se analiza, con visión crítica, el contenido del Plan de Acción en esta materia. Se consideran, conjuntamente, el Plan de Acción y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible adoptados por Naciones Unidas. Se concluye con un conjunto de reflexiones que procuran acercar el análisis investigador al marco de actuación de las empresas de la economía social.
Avances en la digitalización de las sociedades laborales. Especial referencia a su constitución telemática y a la junta, parcial o exclusivamente, digital
Authors: Andreu Martí María del Mar
Published: February 2023

Tras la pandemia sanitaria se ha producido un importante impulso en la transformación digital de nuestra sociedad aunque también se han evidenciado carencias que resulta necesario ir paliando. Una de ellas es el limitado progreso digital de las pymes entre las que se encuentran la mayoría de sociedades laborales. Por tanto, resulta necesario impulsar la utilización de las nuevas tecnologías por este tipo social para que puedan aprovechar las oportunidades que les ofrecen estos medios.A estos efectos, se abordan algunas de las cuestiones que son clave para lograr la transformación digital de las sociedades laborales. En primer lugar, su posible constitución telemática cuando optan por la forma de sociedad limitada. Y, en segundo, el recurso a las nuevas tecnologías en el funcionamiento de su junta general; más concretamente se analiza la asistencia virtual de los socios y la, recientemente regulada, junta exclusivamente telemática.
A note on the number $a^n+ b^n – dc^n$
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Informatics, Hanoi National University of Education, Dung Nguyen Viet
Published: February 2023

We say that a positive integer $d$ is special number of degree $n$ if for every integer $m$, there exist nonzero integers $a,b,c$ such that $m=a^n+b^n-dc^n$. In this paper, we investigate some necessary conditions on $n$ for existing a special number of degree $n$.
The Many Worlds of Indian Historiography
Authors: Adhikari Anasuya , Saha Birbal
Published: February 2023

The birth of Indian historiography has been a lookout of draconian criticism and surveillance. Historiography in modern times needs to be addressed in a crucial and meaningful way, especially when we confabulate about those countries which have a colonial past. In this paper we fancy to ruminate and canvass the case of making of Indian historiography. For an extensive and dominant phase, India struggled to extricate between literature and historical writing, clouding itself into indecisive dividing lines to demarcate periods. The advent of the British sculptured and synthesized the inception of Indian historical writing, craftily attempting it to periodize and document it. Indian historiography found itself dichotomizing into religious premises and kept thriving and coalescing bit by bit from rationalist to nationalist to economic paradigm. There is beyond any shadow of doubt, a dire role of the British in cobbling up Indian historiography. This paper assays to radiate how Indian historiography crept in to augment itself into glorifying the ancient glorious past which was once placed in juxtaposition to the glory of the Roman and Greek. This paper also delves into the saga of catechizing the profound quest in the making of the Indian historical consciousness.
Study of Water Quality Analysis in the Upper Cimanuk River, Sumedang Regency, West Java Province during the Dry Season
Authors: Yustiati Ayi , Husaeri Tiar , Herawati Titin , Hamdani Herman
Published: February 2023

The Cimanuk River is the longest river in West Java after the Citarum River which passes through four districts namely Garut, Sumedang, Majalengka, and Indramayu districts. The headwaters of the Cimanuk River stretch from Garut to Sumedang Regency. The upper reaches of the Cimanuk river are crowded with various community activities that have the potential to cause a decrease in water quality. The decline in water quality that occurs will affect the existing resources in the upper reaches of the Cimanuk River. The purpose of this research is to gather information about water quality in the Upper Cimanuk River as seen from several measurement parameters. Water sampling was carried out during the dry season in September 2020. Water quality in the upper reaches of the Cimanuk River was obtained based on temperature parameters (27oC to 29oC), water brightness (30 cm to 36 cm), pH (6.54 to 6.67), DO (6.8 mgL-1 to 7.4 mgL-1), COD (11 mgL-1 to 13 mgL-1), TDS (206 mgL-1 to 244 mgL-1), TSS (19 mgL-1 to 26 mgL-1), ammonia (0.001 mgL-1 to 0.002 mgL-1), and nitrite (0.017 mgL-1 to 0.019 mgL-1) show that the water quality at each station in the upper reaches of the Cimanuk River is suitable for supporting the life of aquatic biota and fishing activities.
A Promising Ternary Solid Dispersion of Aceclofenac Containing Tablet with Enhanced Dissolution, and Potentiated Anti-inflammatory Efficacy
Authors: Ebraheem Amira Samir , El-Gawad Abd El-Gawad Helmy Abd , Girgis Germeen N. S.
Published: February 2023

The major objective of the current study is to implement a plan to enhance the dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of a poorly water-soluble aceclofenac. The drug is classified according to the biopharmaceutical classification system as class II drug. Amorphous alkalinized aceclofenac solid dispersion was formulated as a ternary mixture. This mixture was prepared by introducing polymeric carriers [polyvinylpyrrolidone, Hydroxy propyl beta cyclodextrin or Polyethylene glycol] and an alkalizer (Na2CO3) by applying the solvent evaporation method. Optimum formulations were compressed into tablets that were subjected to in-vitro studies compared to the market product Bristaflam and free drug containing one. Finally, tablets were assessed for stability studies and carrageenan-induced rat paw edema treatment to evaluate potentiated anti-inflammatory efficacy.

Results showed that optimum amorphous alkalinized aceclofenac solid dispersion formulations containing polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 or Hydroxy propyl beta cyclodextrin in 1:5 ratio have significant in-vitro dissolution improvement (>90% in 10 min) compared to untreated aceclofenac. Solid-state characterization emphasized the conversion of the crystalline drug into the amorphous form with no drug−polymers interactions. Stability and dissolution studies ensured that tablets containing amorphous alkalinized solid dispersions were stable with strikingly improving dissolution behavior compared to Bristaflam or free drug containing tablets. Moreover, regarding anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenan induced paw edema, and histopathological examination, we concluded that amorphous alkalinized solid dispersions containing tablets are a promising approach to enhance the dissolution rate and oral bioavailability and hence anti-inflammatory efficacy of aceclofenac.
Bird Flu Has Begun to Spread in Mammals—Here’s What’s Important to Know
Authors: Abbasi Jennifer
Published: February 2023

This Medical News article discusses recent reports of mammal-to-mammal transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1.
Risk of Infection in Children With Psoriasis Receiving Treatment With Ustekinumab, Etanercept, or Methotrexate Before and After Labeling Expansion
Authors: Schneeweiss Maria C. , Savage Timothy J. , Wyss Richard , Jin Yinzhu , Schoder Katharina , Merola Joseph F. , Sidbury Robert , Oduol Theresa , Schneeweiss Sebastian , Glynn Robert J.
Published: February 2023

Importance

Psoriasis in children is increasingly treated with systemic medications, yet their risk of serious infection is not well characterized in clinical practice. Pediatric clinical trials for these medications were often small and placebo controlled.

Objective

To estimate the 6-month rate of infections among children with psoriasis who started treatment with ustekinumab, etanercept, or methotrexate.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study used insurance claims data from clinical practices across the US on children aged 17 years or younger with psoriasis who were receiving treatment with a topical medication for psoriasis and started new treatment with ustekinumab, etanercept, or methotrexate. The analysis was stratified by the time before pediatric labeling (2009-2015) and after pediatric approval (2016-2021). Patient follow-up started 1 day after initiating treatment and ended at 6 months.

Exposures

New treatment with ustekinumab, etanercept, and methotrexate.

Main Outcomes and Measures

During follow-up, the frequency of inpatient serious infections and outpatient infections requiring treatment was compared. Event rates and rate ratios were estimated after propensity score decile stratification.

Results

After exclusions, we identified 2338 patients (1368 girls [57.8%]) who initiated new treatment with a targeted immunomodulating agent. In all, 379 patients started treatment with ustekinumab, 779 patients started treatment with etanercept, and 1180 patients started treatment with methotrexate from 2009 through 2021. The propensity score–adjusted incidence rate of serious infection was 18.4 per 1000 person-years (3 events) for ustekinumab users, 25.6 per 1000 person-years (9 events) for etanercept users, and 14.9 per 1000 person-years (8 events) for methotrexate users. The adjusted rate of outpatient infections was 254.9 per 1000 person-years (39 events) for ustekinumab users, 435.7 per 1000 person-years (139 events) for etanercept users, and 433.6 per 1000 person-years (209 events) for methotrexate users. The adjusted rate ratio of outpatient infections was 0.58 (95% CI, 0.41-0.83) for ustekinumab vs etanercept, 0.66 (95% CI, 0.48-0.91) for ustekinumab vs methotrexate, and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.75-1.21) for etanercept vs methotrexate. Rate ratios were similar during the off-label use era and after pediatric labeling.

Conclusions and Relevance

Among children with psoriasis who started treatment with immunomodulating agents, serious infections were infrequent. This cohort study suggests that there was no increase in the risk of outpatient infections for children who started treatment with ustekinumab compared with etanercept or methotrexate.
Serotonin 4 Receptor Brain Binding in Major Depressive Disorder and Association With Memory Dysfunction
Authors: Köhler-Forsberg Kristin , Dam Vibeke H. , Ozenne Brice , Sankar Anjali , Beliveau Vincent , Landman Elizabeth B. , Larsen Søren V. , Poulsen Asbjørn S. , Ip Cheng-Teng , Jørgensen Anders , Meyer Michal , Stenbæk Dea S. , Eiberg Hans R. L. , Madsen Jacob , Svarer Claus , Jørgensen Martin B. , Frokjaer Vibe G. , Knudsen Gitte M.
Published: February 2023

Importance

The cerebral serotonin 4 (5-HT4) receptor is a promising novel target for treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), and pharmacological stimulation of the 5-HT4 receptor has been associated with improved learning and memory in healthy individuals.

Objective

To map the neurobiological signatures of patients with untreated MDD compared with healthy controls and to examine the association between cerebral 5-HT4 receptor binding and cognitive functions in the depressed state.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This case-control study used baseline data from the NeuroPharm clinical depression trial in Denmark. Adult participants included antidepressant-free outpatients with a current moderate to severe depressive episode and healthy controls. All participants completed positron emission tomography (PET) scanning with [11C]SB207145 for quantification of brain 5-HT4 receptor binding, but only the patients underwent cognitive testing. Data analyses were performed from January 21, 2020, to April 22, 2022.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The main study outcome was the group difference in cerebral 5-HT4 receptor binding between patients with MDD and healthy controls. In addition, the association between 5-HT4 receptor binding and verbal memory performance in the patient group was tested. Other cognitive domains (working memory, reaction time, emotion recognition bias, and negative social emotions) were assessed as secondary outcomes.

Results

A total of 90 patients with untreated MDD (mean [SD] age, 27.1 [8.2] years; 64 women [71.1%]) and 91 healthy controls (mean [SD] age, 27.1 [8.0] years; 55 women [60.4%]) were included in the analysis. Patients with current MDD had significantly lower cerebral 5-HT4 receptor binding than healthy controls (−7.0%; 95% CI, −11.2 to −2.7; P = .002). In patients with MDD, there was a correlation between cerebral 5-HT4 receptor binding and verbal memory (r = 0.29; P = .02).

Conclusions and Relevance

Results of this study show that cerebral 5-HT4 receptor binding was lower in patients with MDD than in healthy controls and that the memory dysfunction in patients with MDD was associated with lower cerebral 5-HT4 receptor binding. The cerebral 5-HT4 receptor is a promising treatment target for memory dysfunction in patients with MDD.
Retroauricular Single-Site Endoscopic Thyroidectomy—A Balanced Endoscopic Approach for Thyroid Excision
Authors: Dong Fan , Yang Anli , Ouyang Dian
Published: February 2023

This article discusses how retroauricular single-site endoscopic thyroidectomy is performed and compares it with transaxillary, transareolar, retroauricular hairline, and transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approaches.
DNA‐Encoded Immunoassay in Picoliter Drops: A Minimal Cell‐Free Approach
Authors: Jacková Barbara , Mottet Guillaume , Rudiuk Sergii , Morel Mathieu , Baigl Damien
Published: February 2023

Immunoassays have emerged as indispensable bioanalytical tools but necessitate long preliminary steps for the selection, production, and purification of the antibody(ies) to be used. Here is explored the paradigm shift of creating a rapid and purification‐free assay in picoliter drops where the antibody is expressed from coding DNA and its binding to antigens concomitantly characterized in situ. Efficient synthesis in bulk of various functional variable domains of heavy‐chain only antibodies (VHH) using reconstituted cell‐free expression media, including an anti‐green fluorescent protein VHH, is shown first. A microfluidic device is then used to generate monodisperse drops (30 pL) containing all the assay components, including a capture scaffold, onto which the accumulation of VHH:antigen produces a specific fluorescent signal. This allows to assess, in parallel or sequentially at high throughput (500 Hz), the VHH‐antigen binding and its specificity in less than 3 h, directly from a VHH‐coding DNA, for multiple VHH sequences, various antigens and down to DNA concentrations as low as 12 plasmids per drop. It is anticipated that the ultraminiaturized format, robustness, and programmability of this novel cell‐free immunoassay concept will constitute valuable assets in fields as diverse as antibody discovery, point‐of‐care diagnostics, synthetic biology, and/or bioanalytical assays.
Electronic States Regulation Induced by the Synergistic Effect of Cu Clusters and Cu‐S1N3 Sites Boosting Electrocatalytic Performance
Authors: Yu Fengshou , Zhan Jiayu , Chen Datong , Guo Jiangyi , Zhang Shaobo , Zhang Lu‐Hua
Published: February 2023

The precise coordination environment manipulation and interfacial electron redistribution are significant strategies for the modulation of electronic configuration and intermediates adsorption behaviors, while the complex synergistic effect is yet to materialize due to the lack of catalyst platform. Herein, an atomic‐scale catalyst platform containing single Cu site with tunable coordination environment (Cu‐N4 or Cu‐S1N3) and easy decoration of Cu cluster (Cux) for electrochemical O2 reduction reaction (ORR) is reported. Theoretical analysis shows that the charge redistribution and up‐shifting d‐band center of single Cu site induced by the asymmetrical coordination environment and Cux effectively strength *OOH adsorption. The modulation in intermediates adsorption enables Cu‐S1N3/Cux a superior ORR performance compared with the samples without S atom and/or Cux. Moreover, the adsorption behavior of *OOH and d‐band center of single Cu site tuned by coordination environment and interfacial interactions are correlated linearly with catalytic potential, e.g., half‐wave potential and reaction kinetic, e.g., Tafel slope for ORR, indicating the high applicability of the intermediate adsorption strength and d‐band center as the indicators for catalytic performance. This study provides a comprehensive modulation strategy for electron configuration and intermediates adsorption behaviors, and can be extended to facilitate other proton‐coupled electron transfer reactions.
Machine‐Learning Assisted Electronic Skins Capable of Proprioception and Exteroception in Soft Robotics
Authors: Shu Sheng , Wang Ziming , Chen Pengfei , Zhong Junwen , Tang Wei , Wang Zhong Lin
Published: February 2023

Inspired by natural biological systems, soft robots have recently been developed, showing tremendous potential in real‐world applications because of their intrinsic softness and deformability. The confluence of electronic skins and machine learning is extensively studied to create effective biomimetic robotic systems. Based on a differential piezoelectric matrix, this study presents a shape‐sensing electronic skin (SSES) that can recognize surface conformations with minimal interference from pressing, stretching, or other surrounding stimuli. It is then integrated with soft robots to reconstruct their shape during movement, serving as a proprioceptive sense. Additionally, the robot can utilize machine learning to identify various terrains, demonstrating exteroception and pointing toward more advanced autonomous robots capable of performing real‐world tasks in challenging environments.
Trichloromethyl‐Radical‐Initiated Three‐Component Reaction of Alkenes with CHCl3 and Quinoxalinones
Authors: Wu Yechun , Zhang Jie , Yu Jin‐Tao , Pan Changduo
Published: February 2023

An iron(II)‐catalyzed three‐component reaction was developed for the construction of trichloromethylated 3‐benzylquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones. This reaction was conducted through the trichloromethylation of alkenes with quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones using commercially available chloroform as trichloromethyl radical source, which provided a convenient approach toward trichloromethylated 3‐benzylquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones.

magnified image
Atomic Scaled Depth Correlation to the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Performance of Single Atom Ni Alloy to the NiO2 Supported Pd Nanocrystal
Authors: Li Haolin , Dai Sheng , Wu Yawei , Dong Qi , Chen Jianjun , Chen Hsin‐Yi Tiffany , Hu Alice , Chou Jyh‐Pin , Chen Tsan‐Yao
Published: February 2023

This study demonstrates the intercalation of single‐atom Ni (NiSA) substantially reduces the reaction activity of Ni oxide supported Pd nanoparticle (NiO2/Pd) in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The results indicate the transition states kinetically consolidate the adsorption energy for the chemisorbed O and OH species on the ORR activity. Notably, the NiO2/Ni1/Pd performs the optimum ORR behavior with the lowest barrier of 0.49 eV and moderate second‐step barrier of 0.30 eV consequently confirming its utmost ORR performance. Through the stepwise cross‐level demonstrations, a structure–Eads–ΔE correspondence for the proposed NiO2/Nin/Pd systems is established. Most importantly, such a correspondence reveals that the electronic structure of heterogeneous catalysts can be significantly differed by the segregation of atomic clusters in different dimensions and locations. Besides, the doping‐depth effect exploration of the NiSA in the NiO2/Pd structure intrinsically elucidates that the Ni atom doping in the subsurface induces the most fruitful NiSA/PdML synergy combining the electronic and strain effects to optimize the ORR, whereas this desired synergy diminishes at high Pd coverages. Overall, the results not only rationalize the variation in the redox properties but most importantly provides a precision evaluation of the process window for optimizing the configuration and composition of bimetallic catalysts in practical experiments.
Novel phenotype of aortic root dilatation and late‐onset metabolic decompensation in a patient with TMEM70 deficiency
Authors: Mackay Laura , Gijavanekar Charul , Streff Haley , Price Jack F. , Elsea Sarah H. , Scaglia Fernando
Published: February 2023

TMEM70 deficiency causing mitochondrial complex V deficiency, nuclear type 2 (MIM: 614052) is the most common nuclear encoded defect affecting ATP synthase and has been well described in the literature as being characterized by neonatal or infantile onset of poor feeding, hypotonia, lethargy, respiratory compromise, heart failure, lactic acidosis, hyperammonemia, and 3‐methylglutaconic aciduria progressing to a phenotype of developmental delay, failure to thrive, short stature, nonprogressive cardiomyopathy, microcephaly, facial dysmorphisms, hypospadias, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, and Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome, as well as metabolic crises followed by developmental regression. The patient with TMEM70 deficiency herein reported has the unique presentation of aortic root dilatation, differing facial dysmorphisms, and no history of neonatal metabolic decompensation or developmental delay, as well as a plasma metabolomics signature, including elevated 3‐methylglutaconic acid, 3‐methylglutarylcarnitine, alanine, and lactate, in addition to the commonly described increased 3‐methylglutaconic acid on urine organic acid analysis that helped aid in the diagnostic interpretation of variants of uncertain significance in TMEM70.
Complete Depolymerization of PET Wastes by an Evolved PET Hydrolase from Directed Evolution
Authors: Shi Lixia , Liu Pi , Tan Zijian , Zhao Wei , Gao Junfei , Gu Qun , Ma Hongwu , Liu Haifeng , Zhu Leilei
Published: February 2023

PETase displays great potential in PET depolymerization. Directed evolution has been limited to engineer PETase due to the lack of high‐throughput screening assay. In this study, a novel fluorescence‐based high‐throughput screening assay employing a newly designed substrate, bis (2‐hydroxyethyl) 2‐hydroxyterephthalate (termed BHET‐OH), was developed for PET hydrolases. The best variant DepoPETase produced 1407‐fold more products towards amorphous PET film at 50 °C and showed a 23.3 °C higher Tm value than the PETase WT. DepoPETase enabled complete depolymerization of seven untreated PET wastes and 19.1 g PET waste (0.4 % Wenzyme/WPET) in liter‐scale reactor, suggesting that it is a potential candidate for industrial PET depolymerization processes. The molecular dynamic simulations revealed that the distal substitutions stabilized the loops around the active sites and transmitted the stabilization effect to the active sites through enhancing inter‐loop interactions network.
Simultaneous co‐Photocatalytic CO2Reduction and Ethanol Oxidation towards Synergistic Acetaldehyde Synthesis
Authors: Liu Qiong , Lin Jingjun , Cheng Hui , Wei Liling , Wang Fuxian
Published: February 2023

Photocatalytic conversion of CO2is of great interest but it often suffers sluggish oxidation half reaction and undesired by‐products. Here, we report for the first the simultaneous co‐photocatalytic CO2reduction and ethanol oxidation towards one identical value‐added CH3CHO product on a rubidium and potassium co‐modified carbon nitride (CN‐KRb). The CN‐KRb offers a record photocatalytic activity of 1212.3 μmol h−1g−1with a high selectivity of 93.3 % for CH3CHO production, outperforming all the state‐of‐art CO2photocatalysts. It is disclosed that the introduced Rb boosts the *OHCCHO fromation and facilitates the CH3CHO desorption, while K promotes ethanol adsorption and activation. Moreover, the H+stemming from ethanol oxidation is confirmed to participate in the CO2reduction process, endowing near ideal overall atomic economy. This work provides a new strategy for effective use of the photoexcited electron and hole for high selective and sustainable conversion of CO2paired with oxidation reaction into identical product.
Sustainable and high‐performance composites based on glycidyl methacrylate‐grafted poly(lactic acid) and cellulose nanofibrils
Authors: Kim Seok‐Ju , Eom Tae‐Gyeong , Kang Seokchan , Seo Minyoung , Jeong Young Gyu
Published: February 2023

We investigate the microstructure, thermal stability, melt‐rheological behavior, and mechanical properties of sustainable composites based on a modified poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix and cellulose nanofibril (CNF) fillers. For this purpose, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)‐grafted PLA (PLA‐g‐GMA) was fabricated via reactive melt‐mixing of neat PLA with GMA and it was melt‐compounded with different CNF filler loadings (0.5–10.0 wt%). The NMR and FT‐IR spectroscopic analyses of PLA‐g‐GMA/CNF composites confirmed that GMA was successfully grafted on the PLA backbone and that there are intermolecular chemical reactions and specific interactions between the GMA group of the PLA‐g‐GMA matrix and the hydroxyl group of the CNF filler in the composites. As the result, the glass transition and cold‐crystallization temperatures of the PLA‐g‐GMA matrix in the composites were measured to increase with the increase of CNF loading. In addition, the thermal decomposition temperature of the PLA‐g‐GMA matrix as well as the residue at 500°C of the composites increased with the CNF loading, resulting from the barrier and flame retardation roles of CNFs to the PLA‐g‐GMA matrix. The elastic storage moduli, impact strength, and complex viscosity were found to be higher for the composites with higher CNF loadings, which is due to the good interfacial adhesion between the PLA‐g‐GMA matrix and the CNF filler in the composites at glassy, rubbery, and melt states.
Hydrophilic modification of PVDF membranes for oily water separation with enhanced anti‐fouling performance
Authors: Kan Jiahui , Zhang Zhixuan , Ren Liang , Han Jian , Zhang Huixin , Li Jihui , Wu Hong , Chen Jianxin
Published: February 2023

The main purpose of this work is to improve the hydrophilicity and antifouling properties of hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) microfiltration membranes through modification. Pyrogallol (PG), polyethyleneimine (PEI), and (3‐chloropropyl) trimethoxysilane (CTS) formed a stable hydrophilic network by Michael addition/Schiff reaction in alkaline solution Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the surface chemical composition, surface and cross‐section morphology of the membrane. In addition, the properties of the membrane were tested systematically. The as‐prepared PVDF‐PG/PEI/CTS membranes showed a smaller water contact angle down to 21.1± 4.8°. The pure water flux of the modified membrane increased significantly by about 18 folds, from 377.0 ± 61.0 to 6745.0 L m−2 h−1, the separation efficiency for the four types of oil‐in‐water emulsions were all greater than 98.8%. In addition, the modified membrane showed high stability under various conditions of acidity, weak alkalinity and high salt content, showing great potential in the actual treatment of oily wastewater.
Weyl and Majorana for neutral particles
Authors: Dvoeglazov Valeriy V.
Published: February 2023

We compare various formalisms for neutral particles. It is found that they contain unexplained contradictions. Next, we investigate the spin‐1/2 and spin‐1 cases in different bases. Next, we look for relations with the Majorana‐like field operator. We show explicit incompatibility of the Majorana ansatzen with the Dirac‐like field operators in both the original Majorana theory and its generalizations.
Dual‐targeting therapy against HER3/MET in human colorectal cancers
Authors: Yamasaki Akitaka , Miyake Rikuto , Hara Yuta , Okuno Hideki , Imaida Takuya , Okita Kouki , Okazaki Shogo , Akiyama Yasutoshi , Hirotani Kenji , Endo Yuichi , Masuko Kazue , Masuko Takashi , Tomioka Yoshihisa
Published: February 2023

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignancy in the world, and novel molecular targeted therapies for CRC have been vigorously pursued. We searched for novel combination therapies based on the expression patterns of membrane proteins in CRC cell lines.

Results

A positive correlation was observed between the expression of human pidermal growth factor receptor (HER) 3 and mesenchymal‐to‐epithelial transition factor (MET) on the cell surface of CRC cell lines. The brief stimulation of HER3/MET‐high SW1116 CRC cells with both neuregulin‐1 (NRG1) and hepatocyte growth factor enhanced ERK phosphorylation and cell proliferation more than each stimulation alone. In addition, a prolonged NRG1 stimulation resulted in the tyrosine phosphorylation of MET. In this context, the Forkhead Box protein M1 (FOXM1)‐regulated tyrosine phosphorylation of MET by NRG1 was demonstrated, suggesting the existence of a signaling pathway mediated by FOXM1 upon the NRG1 stimulation. Since the co‐expression of HER3 and MET was also demonstrated in in vivo CRC tissues by immunohistochemistry, we investigated whether the co‐inhibition of HER3 and MET could be an effective therapy for CRC. We established HER3‐and/or MET‐KO SW1116 cell lines, and HER3/MET‐double KO resulted in the inhibition of in vitro cell proliferation and in vivo tumor growth in nude mice by SW1116 cells. Furthermore, the combination of patritumab, an anti‐HER3 fully human mAb, and PHA665752, a MET inhibitor, markedly inhibited in vitro cell proliferation, 3D‐colony formation, and in vivo tumor growth in nude mice by SW1116 cells

Conclusion

The dual targeting of HER3/MET has potential as CRC therapy.
Improve compliance by reviewing NCAA drug‐testing changes, trends
Authors: McCarthy Claudine
Published: February 2023

SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS — Drug testing plays a critical role in compliance for college athletics departments. But it can be challenging to keep up with the latest in student‐athlete drug use and the changes to the NCAA's drug‐testing program. To help athletics administrators in this area, a presentation at the annual NCAA Convention provided an overview of recent revisions and trends.
Did court dismiss coach's free speech claim?
Authors: Lyerly Eric
Published: February 2023

Members of the Illinois State University athletics department printed posters for the Black Lives Matter movement. One such poster was taped on the door of an assistant football coach's office.
Gain insight into athletic identity foreclosure and the student‐athlete
Authors: Romano Robert J.
Published: February 2023

The college experience can be life‐changing, a period that allows for personal growth as new students are exposed to and become aware of different people, cultures, and points of view.
Consider the destructive nature of fake consensus
Authors: Freebairn‐Smith Laura
Published: February 2023

In this column, I'm going to address the concept of fake or overused consensus in decision‐making. Leaders in the United States often default to seeking consensus, seeing it as the holy grail of group decision‐making, believing that this is the only or a good way to ensure buy‐in to the decision. There are several problems with this choice of decision‐making style, including but not limited to:
Group of former student‐athletes teams up to turn 50‐year‐old negative into long‐lasting positive
Authors: McCarthy Claudine
Published: February 2023

SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS — Some of the most successful leaders and innovators can look back and see how they rose up out of circumstances that were intended to beat them down and hold them back.
A comparison of the role of aggression in the association between hostile interpretation bias and antisocial personality features between young offenders and university students
Authors: Lai Lizu , Cai Manqi , Zou Cailing , Zhao Ziyi , Zhang Lin , Ren Zhihong
Published: February 2023

Background

Antisocial personality features in adolescents are frequently associated with delinquency and constitute the problem that most concerns the criminal justice system and the public. Hostile interpretation bias has been identified as a candidate for explaining emergent adolescent antisocial personality problems and aggression, but it is unclear whether offenders and non‐offenders show differences in the relationships between hostile interpretation bias, aggression and antisocial personality features.

Aims

To compare relationships between hostile interpretation bias and a personality measure between incarcerated teenagers and first year university students and to explore aggression and criminal history as mediating or moderating variables.

Methods

Fifty‐three 16–18‐year‐old incarcerated male offenders and 69 17–20‐year‐old male university students were recruited, the former through institutional staff and the latter by online advert only. Individuals in both groups self‐rated, in private, on the Word and Sentence Association Paradigm‐hostile (WSAP), The Ambiguous Intentions Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ), Hostility Interpretation Bias Task (HIBT) as tests for hostile interpretation bias, and on the Buss‐Perry Aggression Questionnaire and on Hyler's Personality Disorder Questionnaire (PDQ‐4). Among the students, criminal history was assessed by a self‐reported binary question. LASSO regressions were used to test inter‐relationships between hostile interpretation bias and aggression or antisocial personality traits. Mediation and moderation were tested using MPLUS 7.4.

Results

The WSAP and AIHQ, as measures of self‐reported hostility bias, had relationships with self‐reported aggression (Pearson r 0.24–0.58, p < 0.001) and with antisocial personality features (r 0.36–0.50, p < 0.001), the HIBT did not. Aggression scores mediated the relationship between hostile interpretation bias and antisocial personality features. Furthermore, the relationship between hostile interpretation bias and aggression was stronger among the young offenders (estimates 0.43–0.75) than among the university students without criminal history (estimates 0.13–0.36).

Conclusions

Hostile interpretation bias appears to promote antisocial personality features by increasing an individual's aggression, regardless of social status, although the effect was much stronger among the young offenders. To reduce young people's antisocial personality features, future studies should perhaps focus on evaluating strategies to reduce hostile bias or prevent it from being expressed in aggressive behaviours.
From Microbial Succinic Acid Production to Polybutylene Bio‐Succinate Synthesis
Authors: Tenhaef Niklas , Hermann Alina , Müller Moritz Fabian , Görtz Jonas , Marienhagen Jan , Oldiges Marco , Wiechert Wolfgang , Bott Michael , Jupke Andreas , Hartmann Laura , Herres-Pawlis Sonja , Noack Stephan
Published: February 2023

A simplified and scalable one‐pot process for the anaerobic production of succinic acid using a metabolically engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum strain is demonstrated. With targeted bioprocess optimization, succinic acid titer of 78 g L−1 and yield of 1.41 molSAmolGLC−1 were achieved. Succinic acid was recovered from the neutral fermentation broth by electrochemically induced crystallization and applied for polybutylene bio‐succinate synthesis using a biocompatible zinc catalyst. Except for a slight color change, the final biopolymer was comparable to the polymer from commercial precursors.