bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Traumatic brain injuries in older adults—6 years of data for one UK trauma centre: retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data
Authors: Hawley Carol , Sakr Magdy , Scapinello Sarah , Salvo Jesse , Wrenn Paul
Published: January 2017

Objectives

Our aim was to determine the incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in older adults and investigate the relationship between injury characteristics and outcomes.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data submitted to Trauma Audit and Research Network (TARN) database for a major trauma centre in the West Midlands, UK, from 2008 to 2014. The Mayo Scale was used to categorise TBI. All patients were aged ≥65 years and were admitted with head or brain injuries meeting TARN inclusion criteria: injury resulting in immediate admission to hospital for 3 days, admitted to a high dependency area or death following trauma. We determined age, gender, mechanism of injury, Injury Severity Score, presenting Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Mayo Score, and the association of outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS)) with age and clinical presentation.

Results

4413 patients were admitted with trauma meeting TARN criteria: 1389 were ≥65 years and 45% (624) had TBI. For patients ≥65 years with TBI, mean age was 79 (range 65–99); 56% were men. Falls accounted for 85% of all TBIs. Most TBIs were moderate/severe (80%) by the Mayo criteria. Of the 279 patients with subdural haematoma, 28% had neurosurgery. Most patients survived TBI (78%); 57% had a good outcome on GOS at discharge (not requiring care package). Mortality was associated with increased age (17% in ages 65–74 years, 19% in 75–84 years, 30% in ≥85 years, p=0.03). Outcome was significantly associated with injury severity (p=0.0001).

Conclusions

Patients with TBI represented 45% of all trauma cases meeting TARN inclusion criteria. Falls at home accounted for most TBIs. Most had moderate/severe TBI, yet over half made a good recovery on GOS. Our data indicate that injury prevention initiatives should focus on home safety. Further research is needed to examine rehabilitation and follow-up after hospital discharge.
Long-term outcome of patients with steroid-refractory acute severe UC treated with ciclosporin or infliximab
Authors: Laharie D , Bourreille A , Branche J , Allez M , Bouhnik Y , Filippi J , Zerbib F , Savoye G , Vuitton L , Moreau J , Amiot A , Cosnes J , Ricart E , Dewit O , Lopez-Sanroman A , Fumery M , Carbonnel F , Bommelaer G , Coffin B , Roblin X , van Assche G , Esteve M , Farkkila M , Gisbert JP , Marteau P , Nahon S , de Vos M , Lambert J , Mary JY , Louis E
Published: January 2017

Objective

Ciclosporin and infliximab have demonstrated short-term similar efficacy as second-line therapies in patients with acute severe UC (ASUC) refractory to intravenous steroids. The aim of this study was to assess long-term outcome of patients included in a randomised trial comparing ciclosporin and infliximab.

Design

Between 2007 and 2010, 115 patients with steroid-refractory ASUC were randomised in 29 European centres to receive ciclosporin or infliximab in association with azathioprine. Patients were followed until death or last news up to January 2015. Colectomy-free survival rates at 1 and 5 years and changes in therapy were estimated through Kaplan-Meier method and compared between initial treatment groups through log-rank test.

Results

After a median follow-up of 5.4 years, colectomy-free survival rates (95% CI) at 1 and 5 years were, respectively, 70.9% (59.2% to 82.6%) and 61.5% (48.7% to 74.2%) in patients who received ciclosporin and 69.1% (56.9% to 81.3%) and 65.1% (52.4% to 77.8%) in those who received infliximab (p=0.97). Cumulative incidence of first infliximab use at 1 and 5 years in patients initially treated with ciclosporin was, respectively, 45.7% (32.6% to 57.9%) and 57.1% (43.0% to 69.0%). Only four patients from the infliximab group were subsequently switched to ciclosporin. Three patients died during the follow-up, none directly related to UC or its treatment.

Conclusions

In this cohort of patients with steroid-refractory ASUC initially treated by ciclosporin or infliximab, long-term colectomy-free survival was independent from initial treatment. These long-term results further confirm a similar efficacy and good safety profiles of both drugs and do not favour one drug over the other.

Trial registration number

EudraCT: 2006-005299-42; ClinicalTrials.gouv number: NCT00542152; post-results.
Economic implications of moisture content and logging system in forest harvest residue delivery for energy production: a case study
Authors: Belart Francisca , Sessions John , Leshchinsky Ben , Murphy Glen
Published: January 2017

The need for improving the cost effectiveness of forest harvest residue utilization for bioenergy production has been widely recognized. A number of studies show that reducing residue moisture content presents advantages for transportation and energy content. However, previous research has not focused on the relative advantages of in-forest drying depending on the residue characteristics from different logging systems, comminution, and equipment mobilization. Residue drying curves were developed using finite element analysis for two primary Pacific Northwest logging systems. These curves were applied to a case study in Oregon in which mixed integer mathematical programming was used to optimize residue delivery to a hypothetical co-generation plant with a generating capacity of 6 megawatt-hours (MWh). Assuming that rear-steered trailers can access cable logging units, approximately 98% of the harvest residue generated by cable logging was delivered to the plant, compared with only 56% of residue generated with a ground-based system, mainly because collection costs incurred with ground-based system residues exceed cost benefits of drier material. By considering the energy content of drier residues, the amount of oven-dried metric tonnes (ODMT) needed to supply the plant can be reduced by 16% without affecting the energy output over a 24-month planning horizon. Lower ODMT demand and shifting to drier material decreases the overall production cost by 20.4%.
Mechanical Unfolding Studies on Single-Domain SUMO and Multi-Domain Periplasmic Binding Proteins
Authors: Kotamarthi Hema Chandra , Ainavarapu Sri Rama Koti
Published: January 2017

Protein mechanics is a key component of many cellular and sub-cellular processes. The current review focuses on recent studies from our laboratory that probe the effect of sequence on the mechanical stability of structurally similar proteins and the unfolding mechanisms of multi-domain periplasmic binding proteins. Ubiquitin and small ubiquitin-related modifiers (SUMOs) are structurally similar and possess different mechanical stabilities, ubiquitin being stronger than SUMOs as revealed from their unfolding forces. These differences are plausibly due to the variation in number of inter-residue contacts. The unfolding potential widths determined from the pulling speed-dependent studies revealed that SUMOs are mechanically more flexible than ubiquitin. This flexibility of SUMOs plays a role in ligand binding and our single-molecule studies on SUMO interaction with SUMO binding motifs (SBMs) have shown that ligand binding decreases the SUMO flexibility and increases its mechanical stability. Studies on multi-domain periplasmic binding proteins have revealed that the unfolding energy landscape of these proteins is complex and they follow kinetic partitioning between two-state and multiple three-state pathways.
WNT-5A regulates TGF-β-related activities in liver fibrosis
Authors: Beljaars Leonie , Daliri Sara , Dijkhuizen Christa , Poelstra Klaas , Gosens Reinoud
Published: January 2017

WNT-5A is a secreted growth factor that belongs to the noncanonical members of the Wingless-related MMTV-integration family. Previous studies pointed to a connection between WNT-5A and the fibrogenic factor TGF-β warranting further studies into the functional role of WNT-5A in liver fibrosis. Therefore, we studied WNT-5A expressions in mouse and human fibrotic livers and examined the relation between WNT-5A and various fibrosis-associated growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix proteins. WNT-5A gene and protein expressions were significantly increased in fibrotic mouse and human livers compared with healthy livers. Regression or therapeutic intervention in mice resulted in decreased hepatic WNT-5A levels paralleled by lower collagen levels. Immunohistochemical analysis showed WNT-5A staining in fibrotic septa colocalizing with desmin staining indicating WNT-5A expression in myofibroblasts. In vitro studies confirmed WNT-5A expression in this cell type and showed that TGF-β significantly enhanced WNT-5A expression in contrast to PDGF-BB and proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α. Additionally, TGF-β induces the expression of the WNT receptors FZD2 and FZD8. After silencing of WNT-5A, reduced levels of collagen type I, vimentin, and fibronectin in TGF-β-stimulated myofibroblasts were measured compared with nonsilencing siRNA-treated controls. Interestingly, the antifibrotic cytokine IFNγ suppressed WNT-5A in vitro and in vivo. IFNγ-treated fibrotic mice showed significantly less WNT-5A expression compared with untreated fibrotic mice. In conclusion, WNT-5A paralleled collagen I levels in fibrotic mouse and human livers. WNT-5A expression in myofibroblasts is induced by the profibrotic factor TGF-β and plays an important role in TGF-β-induced regulation of fibrotic matrix proteins, whereas its expression can be reversed upon treatment, both in vitro and in vivo.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study describes the localization and functional role of WNT-5A in human and mouse fibrotic livers. Hepatic WNT-5A expression parallels collagen type I expression. In vivo and in vitro, the myofibroblasts were identified as the key hepatic cells producing WNT-5A. WNT-5A is under control of TGF-β and its activities are primarily profibrotic.
Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi Decoction, the Water Extract of Chinese Traditional Herbal Medicine, Enhances Cisplatin Cytotoxicity in A549/DDP Cells through Induction of Apoptosis and Autophagy
Authors: Yu Ning , Xiong Ying , Wang Chun
Published: January 2017

Cisplatin is one of the most active cytotoxic agents for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. However, the development of cisplatin resistance is common. Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi decoction (BZYQD), a Chinese traditional herbal medicine, is widely used for the enhancement of antitumor effect in other medications. In this study, we evaluated the effect and drug-resistance reversal mechanism of BZYQD combined with cisplatin on cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP cells. Our results showed that BZYQD exhibited direct cytotoxic and chemosensitizing effects. Cotreatment with BZYQD and cisplatin induced intrinsic apoptotic pathways which were measured by condensed nuclear chromatin, Annexin V/PI apoptosis assay, and apoptosis related proteins expression. In addition, cotreatment with BZYQD and cisplatin also activated autophagy, as indicated by an increase in LC3 puncta, classical autophagosomes and/or autolysosomes, and an accumulation of LC3-II and ATG7 protein. Finally, cotreatment with BZYQD and cisplatin resulted in the generation of ROS and scavenging ROS by NAC almost completely suppressing cell death. These results suggest that cotreatment with BZYQD and cisplatin might reverse cisplatin resistance by inducing ROS accumulation, which activates apoptosis and autophagy by oxidative stress. The combination of BZYQD and cisplatin may represent a novel approach in treatment for NSCLC and thus offer a new target for chemotherapy.
Analysis of Argonaute Complex Bound mRNAs in DU145 Prostate Carcinoma Cells Reveals New miRNA Target Genes
Authors: Szczyrba Jaroslaw , Jung Volker , Beitzinger Michaela , Nolte Elke , Wach Sven , Hart Martin , Sapich Sandra , Wiesehöfer Marc , Taubert Helge , Wennemuth Gunther , Eichner Norbert , Stempfl Thomas , Wullich Bernd , Meister Gunter , Grässer Friedrich A.
Published: January 2017

Posttranscriptional gene regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) contributes to the induction and maintenance of prostate carcinoma (PCa). To identify mRNAs enriched or removed from Ago2-containing RISC complexes, these complexes were immunoprecipitated from normal prostate fibroblasts (PNFs) and the PCa line DU145 and the bound mRNAs were quantified by microarray. The analysis of Ago complexes derived from PNFs or DU145 confirmed the enrichment or depletion of a variety of mRNAs already known from the literature to be deregulated. Novel potential targets were analyzed by luciferase assays with miRNAs known to be deregulated in PCa. We demonstrate that the mRNAs of the death effector domain-containing protein (DEDD), the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 10b protein (TNFRSF10B), the tumor protein p53 inducible nuclear protein 1 (TP53INP1), and the secreted protein, acidic, cysteine-rich (SPARC; osteonectin) are regulated by miRNAs miR-148a, miR-20a, miR-24, and miR-29a/b, respectively. Therefore, these miRNAs represent potential targets for therapy. Surprisingly, overexpression of miR-24 induced focus formation and proliferation of DU145 cells, while miR-29b reduced proliferation. The study confirms genes deregulated in PCa by virtue of their presence/absence in the Ago2-complex. In conjunction with the already published miRNA profiles of PCa, the data can be used to identify miRNA-regulated mRNAs.
Neuropeptides and Microglial Activation in Inflammation, Pain, and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Carniglia Lila , Ramírez Delia , Durand Daniela , Saba Julieta , Turati Juan , Caruso Carla , Scimonelli Teresa N. , Lasaga Mercedes
Published: January 2017

Microglial cells are responsible for immune surveillance within the CNS. They respond to noxious stimuli by releasing inflammatory mediators and mounting an effective inflammatory response. This is followed by release of anti-inflammatory mediators and resolution of the inflammatory response. Alterations to this delicate process may lead to tissue damage, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. Chronic pain, such as inflammatory or neuropathic pain, is accompanied by neuroimmune activation, and the role of glial cells in the initiation and maintenance of chronic pain has been the subject of increasing research over the last two decades. Neuropeptides are small amino acidic molecules with the ability to regulate neuronal activity and thereby affect various functions such as thermoregulation, reproductive behavior, food and water intake, and circadian rhythms. Neuropeptides can also affect inflammatory responses and pain sensitivity by modulating the activity of glial cells. The last decade has witnessed growing interest in the study of microglial activation and its modulation by neuropeptides in the hope of developing new therapeutics for treating neurodegenerative diseases and chronic pain. This review summarizes the current literature on the way in which several neuropeptides modulate microglial activity and response to tissue damage and how this modulation may affect pain sensitivity.
Growth on Alpha-Ketoglutarate Increases Oxidative Stress Resistance in the YeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Bayliak Maria , Burdyliuk Nadia , Lushchak Volodymyr
Published: January 2017

Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is an important intermediate in cell metabolism, linking anabolic and catabolic processes. The effect of exogenous AKG on stress resistance inS. cerevisiaecells was studied. The growth on AKG increased resistance of yeast cells to stresses, but the effects depended on AKG concentration and type of stressor. Wild-type yeast cells grown on AKG were more resistant to hydrogen peroxide, menadione, and transition metal ions (Fe2+and Cu2+) but not to ethanol and heat stress as compared with control ones. Deficiency in SODs or catalases abolished stress-protective effects of AKG. AKG-supplemented growth led to higher values of total metabolic activity, level of low-molecular mass thiols, and activities of catalase and glutathione reductase in wild-type cells compared with the control. The results suggest that exogenous AKG may enhance cell metabolism leading to induction of mild oxidative stress. It turn, it results in activation of antioxidant system that increases resistance ofS. cerevisiaecells to H2O2and other stresses. The presence of genes encoding SODs or catalases is required for the expression of protective effects of AKG.
Hybrid Recovery Strategy Based on Random Terrain in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Wang Xiaoding , Xu Li , Zhou Shuming , Wu Wei
Published: January 2017

Providing successful data collection and aggregation is a primary goal for a broad spectrum of critical applications of wireless sensor networks. Unfortunately, the problem of connectivity loss, which may occur when a network suffers from natural disasters or human sabotages, may cause failure in data aggregation. To tackle this issue, plenty of strategies that deploy relay devices on target areas to restore connectivity have been devised. However, all of them assume that either the landforms of target areas are flat or there are sufficient relay devices. In real scenarios, such assumptions are not realistic. In this paper, we propose a hybrid recovery strategy based on random terrain (simply, HRSRT) that takes both realistic terrain influences and quantitative limitations of relay devices into consideration. HRSRT is proved to accomplish the biconnectivity restoration and meanwhile minimize the energy cost for data collection and aggregation. In addition, both of complexity and approximation ratio of HRSRT are explored. The simulation results show that HRSRT performs well in terms of overall/maximum energy cost.
Magnetothermopower in A2−xLaxFeMoO6 (A = Sr, Ba)
Authors: Williams G. V. M. , Stephen J.
Published: January 2017

A magnetothermopower has been observed in electronically spin-polarized polycrystalline Sr2-xLaxFeMoO6 and Ba2FeMoO6. The magnetothermopower is linear up to ~50 K for Sr2-xLaxFeMoO6 and linear up to ~270 K for Ba2FeMoO6. We suggest that the magnetothermopower may arise from a spin-tunneling magnetothermopower between the grains.
Influence of Rotation Increments on Imaging Performance for a Rotatory Dual-Head PET System
Authors: Meng Fanzhen , Cao Xu , Cao Xuezhou , Wang Jianxun , Li Liang , Chen Xueli , Zhu Shouping , Liang Jimin
Published: January 2017

For a rotatory dual-head positron emission tomography (PET) system, how to determine the rotation increments is an open problem. In this study, we simulated the characteristics of a rotatory dual-head PET system. The influences of different rotation increments were compared and analyzed. Based on this simulation, the imaging performance of a prototype system was verified. A reconstruction flowchart was proposed based on a precalculated system response matrix (SRM). The SRM made the relationships between the voxels and lines of response (LORs) fixed; therefore, we added the interpolation method into the flowchart. Five metrics, including spatial resolution, normalized mean squared error (NMSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), contrast-to-noise (CNR), and structure similarity (SSIM), were applied to assess the reconstructed image quality. The results indicated that the 60° rotation increments with the bilinear interpolation had advantages in resolution, PSNR, NMSE, and SSIM. In terms of CNR, the 90° rotation increments were better than other increments. In addition, the reconstructed images of 90° rotation increments were also flatter than that of 60° increments. Therefore, both the 60° and 90° rotation increments could be used in the real experiments, and which one to choose may depend on the application requirement.
Optimal Design of Viscoelastic Dampers in Frame Structures considering Soil-Structure Interaction Effect
Authors: Zhao Xuefei , Wang Shuguang , Du Dongsheng , Liu Weiqing
Published: January 2017

The seismic response control of multistory frame structures using optimally placed viscoelastic dampers (VEDs) within consideration of soil-structure interaction (SSI) effect is investigated in this paper. The system is assumed to be elastic and responses of the system are obtained in frequency domain for stationary random seismic excitations. The optimal designs of VEDs in structures are achieved through genetic algorithm (GA) by minimizing the maximum response quantities of the system for a determined total amount of viscoelastic material. Two typical elastic multistory frame structures with different soil types and foundation embedment ratios are considered to demonstrate the optimization process. It is shown that the VEDs have the best control of the structural response for fixed base condition and the control efficiency decreases as the soil becomes softer. The optimal placement types of VEDs for different soil types differ from each other. With the decrease of soil stiffness, the optimal locations of VEDs have a tendency to shift to top floors.
Molecular Pathways: Revisiting Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β as a Target for the Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Walz Amy , Ugolkov Andrey , Chandra Sunandana , Kozikowski Alan , Carneiro Benedito A. , O'Halloran Thomas V. , Giles Francis J. , Billadeau Daniel D. , Mazar Andrew P.
Published: January 2017

Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), a serine/threonine protein kinase, is a complex regulator of numerous cellular functions. GSK-3β is a unique kinase which is constitutively active in resting and nonstimulated cells. GSK-3β has been implicated in a wide range of diseases including neurodegeneration, inflammation and fibrosis, noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and cancer. It is a regulator of NF-κB–mediated survival of cancer cells, which provided a rationale for the development of GSK-3 inhibitors targeting malignant tumors. Recent studies, many of them reported over the past decade, have identified GSK-3β as a potential therapeutic target in more than 15 different types of cancer. Whereas only active GSK-3β is expressed in cancer cell nucleus, aberrant nuclear accumulation of GSK-3β has been identified as a hallmark of cancer cells in malignant tumors of different origin. This review focuses on the preclinical and clinical development of GSK-3 inhibitors and the potential therapeutic impact of targeting GSK-3β in human cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 23(8); 1891–7. ©2017 AACR.
Ricolinostat, the First Selective Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitor, in Combination with Bortezomib and Dexamethasone for Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Vogl Dan T. , Raje Noopur , Jagannath Sundar , Richardson Paul , Hari Parameswaran , Orlowski Robert , Supko Jeffrey G. , Tamang David , Yang Min , Jones Simon S. , Wheeler Catherine , Markelewicz Robert J. , Lonial Sagar
Published: January 2017

Purpose: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition improves the efficacy of proteasome inhibition for multiple myeloma but adds substantial toxicity. Preclinical models suggest that the observed synergy is due to the role of HDAC6 in mediating resistance to proteasome inhibition via the aggresome/autophagy pathway of protein degradation.

Experimental Design: We conducted a phase I/II trial of the HDAC6-selective inhibitor ricolinostat to define the safety, preliminary efficacy, and recommended phase II dose in combination with standard proteasome inhibitor therapy. Patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma received oral ricolinostat on days 1–5 and 8–12 of each 21-day cycle.

Results: Single-agent ricolinostat therapy resulted in neither significant toxicity nor clinical responses. Combination therapy with bortezomib and dexamethasone was well-tolerated during dose escalation but led to dose-limiting diarrhea in an expansion cohort at a ricolinostat dose of 160 mg twice daily. Combination therapy at a ricolinostat dose of 160 mg daily in a second expansion cohort was well tolerated, with less severe hematologic, gastrointestinal, and constitutional toxicities compared with published data on nonselective HDAC inhibitors. The overall response rate in combination with daily ricolinostat at ≥160 mg was 37%. The response rate to combination therapy among bortezomib-refractory patients was 14%. Samples taken during therapy showed dose-dependent increases of acetylated tubulin in peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Conclusions: At the recommended phase II dose of ricolinostat of 160 mg daily, the combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone is safe, well-tolerated, and active, suggesting that selective inhibition of HDAC6 is a promising approach to multiple myeloma therapy. Clin Cancer Res; 23(13); 3307–15. ©2017 AACR.
Potent EMT and CSC Phenotypes Are Induced By Oncostatin-M in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Smigiel Jacob M. , Parameswaran Neetha , Jackson Mark W.
Published: January 2017

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is referred to as a silent killer due to the lack of clear symptoms, a lack of early detection methods, and a high frequency of metastasis at diagnosis. In addition, pancreatic cancer is remarkably resistant to chemotherapy, and clinical treatment options remain limited. The tumor microenvironment (TME) and associated factors are important determinants of metastatic capacity and drug resistance. Here, oncostatin M (OSM), an IL6 cytokine family member, was identified as an important driver of mesenchymal and cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotypes. Furthermore, the generation of cells that harbor mesenchymal/CSC properties following OSM exposure resulted in enhanced tumorigenicity, increased metastasis, and resistance to gemcitabine. OSM induced the expression of ZEB1, Snail (SNAI1), and OSM receptor (OSMR), engaging a positive feedback loop to potentiate the mesenchymal/CSC program. Suppression of JAK1/2 by ruxolitinib prevented STAT3-mediated transcription of ZEB1, SNAI1 and OSMR, as well as the emergence of a mesenchymal/CSC phenotype. Likewise, ZEB1 silencing, by shRNA-mediated knockdown, in OSM-driven mesenchymal/CSC reverted the phenotype back to an epithelial/non-CSC state. Importantly, the generation of cells with mesenchymal/CSC properties was unique to OSM, and not observed following IL6 exposure, implicating OSMR and downstream effector signaling as a distinct target in PDAC. Overall, these data demonstrate the capacity of OSM to regulate an epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)/CSC plasticity program that promotes tumorigenic properties.

Implications: Therapeutic targeting the OSM/OSMR axis within the TME may prevent or reverse the aggressive mesenchymal and CSC phenotypes associated with poor outcomes in patients with PDAC. Mol Cancer Res; 15(4); 478–88. ©2017 AACR.
An Update on the Disappearing Nail Bed
Authors: Daniel Ralph , Meir Babaev , Avner Shemer
Published: January 2017

Background: The nail bed may epithelialize and develop dermatoglyphics after long-standing onycholysis. We have called this phenomenon the disappearing nail bed (DNB). DNB may present as a shortened or narrow nail bed. Methods: Examination of all 20 nails was performed in each patient enrolled to the study. DNB was defined as the presence of a nail which is at least 20% shorter and/or narrower than the identical nail on the opposite hand or foot. Age, sex, and nail history were recorded. Fungal studies were done on all patients with DNB if that nail exhibited clinical signs of onychomycosis. Results: Of 540 patients, 71 (13.15%) showed DNB. Sixty patients had only the toenails involved, and 10 patients had only the fingernails involved. One patient had both toenails and fingernails involved. The average age for fingernail DNB was 67.2 years and 69.6 years for toenails DNB. Nail history was remarkable for biting in 8 patients, nail trauma in 11 patients, and surgery in 12 patients. With respect to the toenails, onychomycosis was found in 22 patients of the DNB group. Conclusions: Our study suggests that DNB is a common phenomenon, which is more likely to appear in advancing age and is associated with onychomycosis.
Apropriações e percepções sobre o bairro histórico de Paraty-RJ
Authors: Priester Mariana Freitas
Published: January 2017

A partir da pesquisa desenvolvida em 2015 com usuários (moradores ou não) do Bairro Histórico de Paraty sobre o impacto das intervenções realizadas pelo Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (Iphan) no conjunto arquitetônico da cidade, foi observada a recorrente utilização de categorias como identidade e tradição para explicar essa relação. Buscamos analisar como essas categorias são acionadas na disputa simbólica pelo espaço urbano, considerado patrimônio nacional. Interessa-nos assim observar como essas categorias estão associadas às visões sobre as intervenções preservacionistas na cidade, pois o sentido de patrimônio está relacionado a uma representação simbólica de memória e identidade.
O professor de literatura na sociedade líquida contemporânea
Authors: Silva Fátima Aparecida Mantovani , Oliveira Vanderléia Silva
Published: January 2017

Objetiva-se articular os desafios da educação na sociedade líquida contemporânea Bauman (2010; 2015) com a visada de Ceia (2002) sobre O que é ser professor de literatura. São apresentadas, também, as considerações de Gens (2008) sobre o ensino de literatura e o barulho do mundo no cenário atual. Como proposta dialógica, aborda-se o exemplo de prática em sala de aula quanto ao ensino de literatura revelado pela  docência do Sr. Watts, personagem do romance O Sr. Pip, de Lloyd Jones (2006), em um contexto de conflitos.
João Vêncio: os seus amores - cenas de uma masculinidade subalterna
Authors: Moraes Andréa Maria
Published: January 2017

O objeto deste trabalho é o estudo da relação entre a masculinidade, o amor como um de seus atributos, e o poder, no romance João Vêncio: os seus amores, de Luandino Vieira.
Entrevista com Valter Hugo Mãe
Authors: Salles Penélope Eiko Aragaki
Published: January 2017

The interviewee, Valter Hugo Mãe, is considered one of the most consecrated authors of Portuguese literature today. In his 20 years of literary career, he has had several books published in different genres: poetry, novels, short stories, children's books. His work has been acclaimed by both literary criticism and the general public. José Saramago Award (2007) and Portugal Telecom (2012), the Portuguese writer was in the month of November launching his new novel Imprudently Poetic Men, whose story is set in an old Japan and tells a bit about the trajectory of the Itaro craftsman and his disagreements with the potter Saburo.
O escritor fora de si: algumas considerações sobre inspiração e autoria
Authors: Klinger Diana
Published: January 2017

O artigo procura discutir questões relativas à noção de autoria, a partir da ideia, posta em circulação no diálogo Ion de Platão, de que a poesia não seria uma habilidade criativa nem uma técnica mas o resultado de uma “inspiração divina”. Esta perspectiva irá adquirindo novos matizes ao longo da História e da crescente secularização da sociedade. Ainda que transformada, ela continua vigente no século XX e terá consequências no questionamento da centralidade da autoria no pensamento de Roland Barthes e Michel Foucault.
Ficção e realidade na literatura japonesa: o watakushi shôsetsu e o caso de Osamu Dazai
Authors: Kawana Karen Kazue
Published: January 2017

Este artigo traz uma introdução ao conceito de watakushi shôsetsu, uma forma de autoficção derivada do naturalismo e do realismo europeu que se tornou popular no Japão na primeira metade do século XX, e algumas reflexões sobre a questão da ficção e da realidade por meio da análise de textos de um dos representantes do gênero, o escritor Osamu Dazai.
A Carta sobre o Infinito de Espinosa Como Recepção da crítica de Crescas a Maimônides
Authors: Leone Alexandre
Published: January 2017

Na Carta sobre o Infinito Espinosa cita a prova da existência de Deus feita por Hasdai Crescas (1340 - 1411), que fez a mais veemente crítica ao aristotelismo medieval judaico. Acrítica de Crescas começa pela refutação das 26 proposições que Maimônides usou para com elas provar a existência de um Deus radicalmente transcendente. As primeiras três negam a possibilidade do infinito atual. Crescas em sua crítica à terceira proposição argumenta em prol da existência da série infinita de causas e efeitos, entendendo a causa primeira como causa ontológica imante de a toda série e que é determinante para a existência dos infinitos efeitos. Para Crescas essa causa primeira simultânea aos seus infinitos efeitos é Deus. Eis a primeira formulação da imanência na filosofia judaica. Ler Espinosa a luz da crítica de Crescas a Maimônides faz emergir a relação de recepção que esse filósofo moderno mantém com a filosofia judaica medieval.
Resenha de "Contemporary Sephardic identities in the Americas: an Interdisciplinary approach"
Authors: Topel Marta Francisca
Published: January 2017

Resenha.
Dibaxu de la Lengua: Gelman en Sefardí
Authors: Gasparini Pablo
Published: January 2017

Este artículo propone una lectura de dibaxu, un libro de Juan Gelman, que reúne poemas en sefardí junto a su correspondiente traducción al castellano, a partir de otros proyectos estéticos del autor y de la pregunta por el posible lugar o valor de la palabra poética–entrevista fundamentalmente en su aspecto lingüístico– en un contexto de exilio y pérdida.
Lasar Segall e Zygmunt Turkow: dos Groisse Gevins (a Sorte Grande)
Authors: Falbel Nachman
Published: January 2017

Em 1945 o ator e dramaturgo judeu Zygmunt Turkow , que se encontrava há alguns anos no Brasil atuando junto ao circulo dramático da Biblioteca Israelita Brasileira Sholem Aleichemno Rio de Janeiro,obteve a colaboração do pintor Lasar Segall para a realização dos cenários e figurinos para a peça “Dos groisse gevins”(A sorte grande) do clássico escritor de línguaídiche Sholem Aleichem. O presente artigo visa dar a público a original correspondência composta de 12 cartas ,escritas em russo , até agora inédita, concernente ao bem sucedido evento artístico apresentado em 20 de novembro no Teatro Ginástico do Rio de Janeiro.
Algumas Questões sobre Sexualidade e Gênero nas Leis dos Estratos Sacerdotais do Pentateuco: os Casos de Lv 20,20-21 e Nm 5,11-31
Authors: Da Silva Clarisse Ferreira
Published: January 2017

As leis bíblicas oriundas dos grupos sacerdotais podem ser reconhecidas por sua atenção mais especificamente voltada aos ritos e ao santuário, sempre em conformidade com aquilo que estes grupos consideravam condizente com a santidade de YHWH1, o Deus de Israel. Mas não apenas isso, em alguns estratos, elas demonstrariam preocupação especial em relação à santidade do povo que adorava YHWH, bem como à da terra em que seu Templo se erguia.Os ideais sacerdotais expressavam-se também através de leis que visavam regular o corpo humano e o modo como as pessoas deviam viver sua sexualidade a fim de que refletissem, irrestritamente, tal modelo de santidade.
Apresentação
Authors: Amâncio Moacir
Published: January 2017

Apresentação.
Releitura do Lamento de David e Sua Tradução [II Samuel 1, 17-27]
Authors: Rozenchan Nancy
Published: January 2017

Esta releitura, inspirada por um estudo interpretativo de Tsvi Motsan do lamento de David pela morte de Saul e Jônatas [II Samuel, 1 – 17,27] que conduz a entendimentos diversos do texto, pretende expor aspectos variados a serem considerados em traduções do texto bíblico hebraico.
Yidishe Parshoinen Un Brazilianishe Penimer: Perfis Judaicos e Brasileiros na Literatura Iídiche produzida no Brasil
Authors: Rozenchan Nancy
Published: January 2017

Judeus que emigraram da Europa para o Brasil na primeira metade do século XX foram geralmente falantes do iídiche. Alguns nomes se destacaram como escritores da língua. Além de escreverem contos que faziam referência ao universo que tinha sido deixado para trás, vários dos textos publicados em iídiche no Brasil estavam vinculados a experiências locais. Em contraste com as limitações que Bashevis Singer expressou sobre o uso do iídiche nos Estados Unidos, as obras iídiches de autores no Brasil não expõem dificuldades na forma de expressão. Alguns dos textos publicados na década de 1950 em Der poilisher yid são aqui estudados, com destaque para perfis dos universos judaico e brasileiro.
Uma Discussão sobre a Punição aos Descendentes do Transgressor
Authors: Hubner Manu Marcus
Published: January 2017

Este artigo discute se as transgressões dos pais provocam consequências ou até mesmo punições aos seus filhos, netos e bisnetos, descendentes até a terceira ou quarta gerações, segundo a ótica da Bíblia Hebraica.
Apresentação
Authors: Amâncio Moacir , Krausz Luis
Published: January 2017

Apresentação do 12º número dos Cadernos de Língua e Literatura Hebraica, cujos edirores foram os professores Dr. Luis Sérgio Krausz e Moacir Amâncio.
Infância e Miniatura em "A Guerra no Bonfim", de Moacyr Scliar
Authors: Nascimento Lyslei
Published: January 2017

O romance A guerra no Bom Fim, de Moacyr Scliar, encena a Segunda Guerra Mundial e os seus efeitos devastadores no Bom Fim, o bairro judaico de Porto Alegre. A partir de um ponto de vista da infância, esse espaço de sonho e fantasia, mas também de pesadelos e maus presságios, é configurado como “um pequeno país” que revela, em sua conformação, o mundo miniaturizado e brutalizado pela guerra.
Palestina ou Argentina? O recomeço da vida judaica na América Latina no romance "Mozart Lo Ayá Yehudi" ("Mozart Não Era Judeu")
Authors: Steinberg Gabriel
Published: January 2017

No romance Mozart lo ayá yehudi (Mozart não era judeu), a escritora israelense nascida na Argentina, Gabriela Avigur-Rotem, descreve a saga da emigração em massa de judeus perseguidos do Leste da Europa, que em busca de novas oportunidades se deslocam em direção ao Novo Mundo, e especificamente, para a América Latina. Relegando o sonho sionista de criar uma pátria judaica na terra ancestral em Eretz Israel, milhares optaram por se dirigir em direção oposta, com o intuito de iniciar uma nova vida na América Latina.
Identidade como alegoria em Samuel Rawet e Moacyr Scliar: um ensaio sobre a literatura judaica do século XX
Authors: Sobolev Dennis
Published: January 2017

Este ensaio tem dois objetivos mutuamente relacionados. Num nível mais teórico, que aborda a problemática geral dos estudos literários judaicos modernos, tem como objetivo destacar e avaliar um conjunto de suposições a partir das quais normalmente se aborda, analisa e interpreta as obras de autores de literatura judaica moderna. Este ensaio começa com uma discussão breve a respeito do uso destes conceitos a categorias interpretativas, tais como centro e periferia, autônomo e híbrido, monolinguístico e plurilinguístico, assim como uma série de dicotomias relacionadas. Também discute dois grandes modelos que são usados na conceptualização das literaturas judaicas modernas: o “essencialista” e o “de contingência”. Em oposição às categorias taxonômicas mencionadas acima, assim como em oposição aos modelos representativos, este ensaio sugere que as obras de literatura judaica moderna podem ser melhor compreendidas por meio do modelo de “poéticas regionais” judaicas, uma vez que tais poéticas são estruturadas por “dominantes culturais”. Levando em consideração estas questões e estes problemas de caráter relativamente genérico, mas ainda assim focalizando um destes dominantes culturais – o modo alegórico de escrita literária – o ensaio analisa as representações de identidade nas obras de Samuel Rawet e Moacyr Scliar. Uma vez que o foco sobre o problema da identidade judaica foi repetidas vezes representado como a característica central na definição da categoria literatura judaica, o problema da identidade torna-se significativo num nível teórico também. A análise realizada neste ensaio mostra que tanto nas obras de Samuel Rawet quanto nas de Moacyr Scliar as representações da identidade judaica passam por um processo de gradativa alegorização, que redefine o problema da identidade como um ponto de partida para uma vasta gama de questões, problemas e ambivalências fenomenológicos, epistemológicos, éticos e sociais. Ao mesmo tempo, se em Rawet a alegorização é dominada pela melancolia, em Scliar ela é estruturada por discrepâncias textuais multifacetadas, assim como por modos de representação picarescos e irônicos. A seção final deste ensaio traz a discussõ de volta para uma perspectiva literária mais ampla e sugere que os processos de alegorização do problema da identidade judaica são também característicos de outras “poéticas regionais” judaicas, que se encontram além dos limites da literatura judaico-brasileira. Além disto, esta parece ser uma das mais significativas e literariamente sugestivas e eficientes características das literaturas judaicas do século XX de um modo geral.
No estúdio verbal de Leila Danziger
Authors: Bines Rosana Kohl
Published: January 2017

O artigo propõe cruzamentos entre a produção poética e a obra plástica da artista contemporânea Leila Danziger, a partir da análise de um pequeno conjunto de poemas, reunidos no livro três ensaios de fala. Observa-se que esse corpus verbal se forja por procedimentos artísticos análogos aos que moldam as suas obras visuais. Trata-se de procedimentos de erosão e de transferência de materiais, que possibilitam atualizar elementos judaicos escavados das camadas da memória. imes New Roman";mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:major-bidi;mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;mso-ansi-language:PT-BR;mso-fareast-language: PT-BR;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'>em Literatura Comparada pela Universidade de Chicago.
Traduzir o hebraico da periferia - missão possível?
Authors: Rozenchan Nancy
Published: January 2017

O presente texto atem-se a dificuldades enfrentadas por tradutores do hebraico ante textos cuja linguagem é aqui qualificada como linguagem de periferia. São considerados periferias, para esse fim, grupos cuja língua falada não é aquela considerada central no hebraico contemporâneo. Estão incluídos alguns modelos de linguagem de periferia, quais sejam a forma de expressão utilizada por religiosos e a de falantes com uso pobre da norma culta – usuários com escolaridade insuficiente, nativos e imigrantes. No caso da imigrante, foi selecionada uma falante originária do Marrocos, com particularidades trazidas do árabe e do árabe-judaico que vigeu naquele país. A exposição de alguns modelos aponta para a impossibilidade de obter uma tradução que realmente enuncie as nuances e impacto cultural particulares expressos por estas periferias.
O teatro judaico na língua ídiche na crítica teatral de L. S. Vygótski
Authors: Marques Priscila Nascimento
Published: January 2017

O artigo tem por objetivo apresentar alguns aspectos da formação de um teatro judaico de língua ídiche na Rússia, seus desafios e principais características, para, em seguida, comentar uma série de resenhas escritas por L. S. Vygótski (1896-1934) acerca das apresentações da companhia de teatro dirigida por Menachem Rubin, as quais tiveram lugar na cidade de Gomel (atual Bielorrússia), no ano de 1923. As resenhas acompanham as inovações trazidas pelo teatro judaico no contexto das vanguardas russas, mas também seus paradoxos e inconsistências. O olhar sobre a produção da província revela, ainda, as diferenças em relação ao que se faz nas grandes capitais. Por fim, as resenhas trazem à tona a ligação de Vygótski com tradições e temas judaicos, aspecto frequentemente negligenciado de sua biografia e que só recentemente tem recebido maior atenção.
O tráfico de mulheres e o submundo judaico no romance "Maasê Betabaat" [O relato do anel], de Ilan Sheinfeld
Authors: Steinberg Gabriel
Published: January 2017

No romance Maassê Betabaat, Ilan Sheinfeld traça a trajetória de duas famílias que, ao longo de três gerações, estão unidas pelos destinos de um anel com poderes mágicos e que se deslocam desde a cidade de Danzig até Buenos Aires, cidade para a qual milhares de judeus se dirigiram no final do século XIX, atrás de novas oportunidades econômicas. Entre eles, chegaram também aqueles que, determinados a prosperar através da exploração da prostituição, para lá levaram centenas de mulheres que foram transformadas em escravas sexuais.  Nesse romance, Esperanza Gants revela à sua filha um nebuloso e terrível segredo: o de que ela, sua mãe e sua avó tinham sido prostitutas judias.
"Homossexualismo: sexualidade e valor", de Samuel Rawet - um texto fundador da teoria queer brasileira
Authors: Foster David William
Published: January 2017

O ensaio de Samuel Rawet “Homossexualismo: sexualidade e valor” (1970) é o primeiro tratado detalhado na cultura brasileira do fenômeno da chamada homossexualidade. Rawet, num verdadeiro gesto de inovação ideológica, se distancia dos modelos que vêm a homossexualidade como, alternativamente, um pecado, uma patologia e um ato criminoso, para defendê-lo como exemplo de livre escolha humana que ele fundamenta nos valores existenciais da condição humana.
Paradoxos alexandrinos
Authors: Krausz Luis
Published: January 2017

Este artigo analisa duas representações literárias da vida judaica em Alexandria: os romances Kaitz Alexandroni, de Itzhak Gormezano-Goren, e Out of Egypt, de André Aciman. Dá-se ênfase aos significados atribuídos à identidade judaica no contexto de uma sociedade cosmopolita, na qual a presença hegemônica de uma classe dominante colonial, de extração europeia, torna os árabes estrangeiros em sua própria terra. Gormezano-Goren e Aciman focalizam, em suas narrativas, a vida da burguesia judaica de Alexandria, que parece viver numa condição extraterritorial, sonhando com os grandes centros da Europa e, ao mesmo tempo, marcada por um provincianismo mal-disfarçado. A ascensão de Nasser ao poder e a expulsão dos judeus do Egito levarão essa população a se dar conta da artificialidade de seu ecúmeno abstrato, precipitando-os num novo exílio, para o qual parece não existir redenção possível.
A Prática dos Afetos (Estética em Gesualdo)
Authors: Giron Luís Antônio
Published: January 2017

O presente trabalho trata de um ensaio de resgate do caráter extramusical da poética gesualdiana a partir dos fundamentos de sua escritura musical. Em Gesualdo, uma filosofia existencial e a estética estão entranhadas em suas enarmonias, cromatismos, saltos intervalares olímpicos. Debruçar-se sobre ela é como estar num mundo desusado que prenuncia o Romantismo e o niilismo contemporâneo. Mas sua música continua a viver (embora sem muitos ouvintes ou executantes) como um grifo que nos assusta, encanta e suscita a análise de sua anatomia excêntrica. Ela soa como discurso poético que, vez por outra, deriva para o argumento estético. É uma quase não-música, que inspirou os primeiros tratadistas do Barroco a elaborarem axiomas sobre como a música deveria exprimir sentimentos. A prática dos afetos levou à elaboração de sua teoria.
Nota do Editor
Authors: Martins José Eduardo
Published: January 2017

Nota do Editor - Vol. 9 e 10 (1998-1999)
Music in Western Renaissance and Modern Culture
Authors: Gozza Paolo
Published: January 2017

This article focuses the contribution of music to the construction of the scientific image of the world and of man in the European culture. It is divided into three main sections: the first one discusses the ancient and Renaissance concept of Harmony. Renaissance Harmony includes Number and Proportion. In the second section, whose title is Sound, the Renaissance harmonious ideal is faced and somewhat disarranged by the modern scientific paradigm. The argument of the last section, Affection, is centred on the metaphor of man as a musical instrument. In my short conclusion I shall finally discuss the birth of the Eighteenth-century aesthetic paradigm of music as an art centred on man’s pleasure, that took the place of the earlier classical and modern tradition centred on music as a science, which is the subject of my paper.
A Gênese da Harmonia das Esferas no Antigo Pitagorismo
Authors: Bessada Dennis
Published: January 2017

Nesse artigo apresento o conceito de Harmonia das Esferas conforme formulado inicialmente pelos pitagóricos. Partindo dos fragmentos de Filolau e das descrições de Aristóteles do pensamento pitagórico, traçarei um panorama geral das concepções pitagóricas acerca do número, do universo, e das consonâncias musicais, para então discutir como essas ideias geraram o conceito de Harmonia das Esferas.