bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing and Evaluating an AI-Based Computer-Aided Diagnosis System for Retinal Disease: Diagnostic Study for Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Yoon Jeewoo , Han Jinyoung , Ko Junseo , Choi Seong , Park Ji In , Hwang Joon Seo , Han Jeong Mo , Hwang Daniel Duck-Jin
Published: November 2023

Background

Although previous research has made substantial progress in developing high-performance artificial intelligence (AI)–based computer-aided diagnosis (AI-CAD) systems in various medical domains, little attention has been paid to developing and evaluating AI-CAD system in ophthalmology, particularly for diagnosing retinal diseases using optical coherence tomography (OCT) images.

Objective

This diagnostic study aimed to determine the usefulness of a proposed AI-CAD system in assisting ophthalmologists with the diagnosis of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), which is known to be difficult to diagnose, using OCT images.

Methods

For the training and evaluation of the proposed deep learning model, 1693 OCT images were collected and annotated. The data set included 929 and 764 cases of acute and chronic CSC, respectively. In total, 66 ophthalmologists (2 groups: 36 retina and 30 nonretina specialists) participated in the observer performance test. To evaluate the deep learning algorithm used in the proposed AI-CAD system, the training, validation, and test sets were split in an 8:1:1 ratio. Further, 100 randomly sampled OCT images from the test set were used for the observer performance test, and the participants were instructed to select a CSC subtype for each of these images. Each image was provided under different conditions: (1) without AI assistance, (2) with AI assistance with a probability score, and (3) with AI assistance with a probability score and visual evidence heatmap. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were used to measure the diagnostic performance of the model and ophthalmologists.

Results

The proposed system achieved a high detection performance (99% of the area under the curve) for CSC, outperforming the 66 ophthalmologists who participated in the observer performance test. In both groups, ophthalmologists with the support of AI assistance with a probability score and visual evidence heatmap achieved the highest mean diagnostic performance compared with that of those subjected to other conditions (without AI assistance or with AI assistance with a probability score). Nonretina specialists achieved expert-level diagnostic performance with the support of the proposed AI-CAD system.

Conclusions

Our proposed AI-CAD system improved the diagnosis of CSC by ophthalmologists, which may support decision-making regarding retinal disease detection and alleviate the workload of ophthalmologists.
Perspectives of Patients With Chronic Diseases on Future Acceptance of AI–Based Home Care Systems: Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Bijun , Asan Onur , Mansouri Mo
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Artificial intelligence (AI)–based home care systems and devices are being gradually integrated into health care delivery to benefit patients with chronic diseases. However, existing research mainly focuses on the technical and clinical aspects of AI application, with an insufficient investigation of patients’ motivation and intention to adopt such systems.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine the factors that affect the motivation of patients with chronic diseases to adopt AI-based home care systems and provide empirical evidence for the proposed research hypotheses.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional web-based survey with 222 patients with chronic diseases based on a hypothetical scenario.

RESULTS

The results indicated that patients have an overall positive perception of AI-based home care systems. Their attitudes toward the technology, perceived usefulness, and comfortability were found to be significant factors encouraging adoption, with a clear understanding of accountability being a particularly influential factor in shaping patients’ attitudes toward their motivation to use these systems. However, privacy concerns persist as an indirect factor, affecting the perceived usefulness and comfortability, hence influencing patients’ attitudes.

CONCLUSIONS

This study is one of the first to examine the motivation of patients with chronic diseases to adopt AI-based home care systems, offering practical insights for policy makers, care or technology providers, and patients. This understanding can facilitate effective policy formulation, product design, and informed patient decision-making, potentially improving the overall health status of patients with chronic diseases.
Best Practice Management of Sensitive Patient Health Information of Medical Records for a Legally Compliant Use by the Medical Device Industry (Preprint)
Authors: Çağlar Yusuf Şükrü , Solmaz Serdar , AKTAN Eray Serhat , Baspinar Yagmur , Koveshazi Istvan , Zastrow Felix Swamy von , Szabo Szilard , Elsner Jens , Orün Hamdi
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

A development was mainly possible thanks to the intensive research and development cooperation between companies and medical institutions. An anonymization process must be at place to avoid any personal health information leakage when transferring data between medical institutions and medical technology companies.

OBJECTIVE

Our aim in this study is the production process of how to securely share inpatient data with medical technology companies.

METHODS

A designed process flow where the anonymization of patient data is guaranteed prior to any external sharing. This process flow has been also successfully implemented by an University Hospital (Clinic) in Ankara to ensure compliance with the highest patient security standards. These data were CT / MRI scans in pre-, intra-, and postoperative phases.

RESULTS

It has also been proven under real-life circumstances that the described process can indeed be applied for secure patient data transfer without PHI leak in a safe and effective manner.

CONCLUSIONS

The patient security process meets the strictest criteria for properly anonymized patient data. Also, this method requires only a minimal overhead from the clinician's perspective that comes with the additional benefit of increased readiness for supporting the efforts of the MedTech industry and playing an active role in shaping the future of MedTech development.
Preparing for the Next Pandemic: Designing Resilient Information Sharing Systems in Acute Care (Preprint)
Authors: Bains Jaskaran , Stark Nicholas , Dhanoa Jaskirat , Hayirli Tuna , Vu Mai , Kerrissey Michaela , Peabody Christopher
Published: November 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

The COVID-19 and MPox pandemics were among the first in history to occur in the age of ubiquitous digital communication. At the outset of the COVID-19 crisis, our emergency department (ED) tackled the challenge of keeping teams informed and coordinated with the ability to differentiate important information from noise. With buy-in from ED leadership, we recruited an interdisciplinary team of clinicians, designers, and engineers to build a digital information hub (E*Drive) for clinicians with the guiding principles of reliability, agility, and accessibility. By instituting a clear, replicable process for information dissemination and investing in human-centered design, we aimed to reduce the cognitive load for clinicians to process evolving information in a fast-paced environment.

After successful adoption of E*Drive during the COVID-19 crisis and nearly two subsequent years of iteration and enhancement, our existing infrastructure and process enabled us to proactively disseminate MPox resources well before case rates rose. As San Francisco became the epicenter of MPox in the US, we saw a corresponding rise in web traffic for our MPox guidelines, peaking at 126 daily views in a department staffed by 25-30 clinicians per day. This resilient information sharing system, which we have replicated in non-academic practice settings, has improved guideline adherence in our department even outside the realm of infectious diseases.
Gender Bias in AI's Perception of Cardiovascular Risk (Preprint)
Authors: Achtari Margaux , Salihu Adil , Muller Olivier , Abbé Emmanuel , Clair Carole , Schwarz Joëlle , Fournier Stephane
Published: November 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

The study investigated gender bias in GPT-4’s assessment of coronary artery disease risk by presenting identical clinical vignettes of men and women with and without psychiatric comorbidities. Results suggest that psychiatric conditions may influence GPT-4’s coronary artery disease risk assessment among men and women.
Intentions to Use "SIMPAN UGM" as a Cloud-Based Records Repository Service at Universitas Gadjah Mada
Authors: Setyawan Herman
Published: November 2023

Abstract University students, lecturers, and staff have entered the digital age. All administrative activities, including recordkeeping, should be carried out digitally, that can be stored both online and offline. For this reason, Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) provides a free cloud repository, namely “Simpan UGM” for the UGM community. However, many students, lecturers, and staff do not use it. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the intention to use Simpan UGM at UGM. This study uses a mixed-method sequential explanatory design with three important stages, namely the quantitative, qualitative, and interpretation phases. Samples were determined randomly to students, lecturers, and staff related to records management, namely students and lecturers of the “Pengelolaan Arsip dan Rekaman Informasi Study Program” (PARI) as well as staff from members of the UGM Records Manager and Archivists Forum (Forsipagama). Quantitative data were analyzed with PLS-SEM, while qualitative data were analyzed with Miles and Huberman's interactive model. The results of the study show that there are many factors that have a positive effect, although not all of them are significant, on the intention to use Simpan UGM as a records cloud repository at UGM.
On low-depth algorithms for quantum phase estimation
Authors: Ni Hongkang , Li Haoya , Ying Lexing
Published: November 2023

Quantum phase estimation is one of the critical building blocks of quantum computing. For early fault-tolerant quantum devices, it is desirable for a quantum phase estimation algorithm to (1) use a minimal number of ancilla qubits, (2) allow for inexact initial states with a significant mismatch, (3) achieve the Heisenberg limit for the total resource used, and (4) have a diminishing prefactor for the maximum circuit length when the overlap between the initial state and the target state approaches one. In this paper, we prove that an existing algorithm from quantum metrology can achieve the first three requirements. As a second contribution, we propose a modified version of the algorithm that also meets the fourth requirement, which makes it particularly attractive for early fault-tolerant quantum devices.
Minimum Trotterization Formulas for a Time-Dependent Hamiltonian
Authors: Ikeda Tatsuhiko N. , Abrar Asir , Chuang Isaac L. , Sugiura Sho
Published: November 2023

When a time propagator eδtA for duration δt consists of two noncommuting parts A=X+Y, Trotterization approximately decomposes the propagator into a product of exponentials of X and Y. Various Trotterization formulas have been utilized in quantum and classical computers, but much less is known for the Trotterization with the time-dependent generator A(t). Here, for A(t) given by the sum of two operators X and Y with time-dependent coefficients A(t)=x(t)X+y(t)Y, we develop a systematic approach to derive high-order Trotterization formulas with minimum possible exponentials. In particular, we obtain fourth-order and sixth-order Trotterization formulas involving seven and fifteen exponentials, respectively, which are no more than those for time-independent generators. We also construct another fourth-order formula consisting of nine exponentials having a smaller error coefficient. Finally, we numerically benchmark the fourth-order formulas in a Hamiltonian simulation for a quantum Ising chain, showing that the 9-exponential formula accompanies smaller errors per local quantum gate than the well-known Suzuki formula.
O CUIDAR PROFISSIONAL: PERCEPÇÕES DE CUIDADORES DE IDOSOS EM FORMAÇÃO
Authors: Pissaia Luís Felipe
Published: November 2023

O objetivo deste estudo é verificar as percepções de estudantes de um curso profissionalizante de cuidador de idosos sobre a sua formação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória com abordagem qualitativa. Os participantes foram seis estudantes de um curso profissionalizante de cuidador de idosos. A coleta de informações foi realizada por meio da aplicação de um questionário e a análise dos achados seguiu aproximações com a Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados indicam que os participantes compreendem o processo de envelhecimento humano e buscam uma atuação eficaz perante as diferentes realidades. Além disso, a troca de experiências em sala de aula fortaleceu a compreensão dos conteúdos e das informações repassadas durante os momentos. Em suma, compreende-se que a formação do cuidador de idosos deve seguir as bases da integralidade do cuidado ao ser humano, de forma que atenda as exigências do mercado de trabalho em ascensão.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL EROSIVO DE BEBIDAS ÁCIDAS
Authors: Martinelli Baldança Camila , Defaveri Varela Quéli , Daneluz Ana Carolina , Rossi Thales , Cortina Bellan Mariá , Paulus Marilia , Conde Alexandre
Published: November 2023

O consumo frequente de bebidas ácidas disponíveis no mercado é um fator relacionado à erosão dental. O principal indicador utilizado para mensurar o potencial erosivo destas bebidas é o pH. A mensuração da acidez titulável também é um ótimo meio de determinar o potencial erosivo de diferentes substâncias. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar e avaliar as bebidas com potencial erosivo através do pH e dos valores médios de acidez titulável. Foram realizadas a mensuração do pH de 44 bebidas disponíveis no mercado utilizando um pHmetro e também foi mensurada a acidez titulável destas amostras, adicionando solução de hidróxido de sódio 0,1MolL-1 até que as bebidas atingissem valores de pH entre 8,2 e 8,4 (medidos no pHmetro), a fim de simular o tamponamento salivar. Após atingirem esses valores de pH, foi calculado V.f.M.100/A, sendo: V o volume de hidróxido de sódio necessário para realizar a titulação, f o fator de correção do hidróxido de sódio (1,03), M a molaridade do hidróxido de sódio e A o volume da amostra, obtendo, assim, o valor da acidez titulável. Todas as mensurações foram realizadas em triplicata. Os resultados foram compilados em planilha no programa Microsoft Excel® e, posteriormente, os dados foram transferidos e as análises foram realizadas por meio do programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences® (SPSS), versão 25.0, foram calculadas as médias e desvio padrão das medidas obtidas de cada amostra em ambas as variáveis. Todos os valores médios de pH encontrados foram menores que 5,5 (exceto grupo controle), sendo assim considerados capazes de causar erosão dentária. Com o presente estudo foi possível identificar as bebidas de maior potencial erosivo identificando, não só seu pH, mas também, sua acidez titulável.
ASSISTÊNCIA A SAÚDE DA POPULAÇÃO INDÍGENA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Santos Andresa Coloia dos
Published: November 2023

Este trabalho possibilitou por meio de análises em artigos uma visão diferenciada no que procede aos povos indígenas brasileiros. Os contextos obtidos das visões demográficas e epidemiológicas diferem de ideias constatadas apenas em historiologias do Brasil, que quase sempre traduzem o sentido dos povos indígenas como extintos ou ausentes dos traçados revolucionários que transitam pelo país. A constituição Federal de 1988 garantiu o reconhecimento do índio enquanto cidadão o que lhe confere direitos inclusive à saúde. É evidenciado que as adequações nos sistemas de saúde conferiram melhorias na atenção aos povos indígenas, porém, ainda prevalecem desigualdades barreiras geográficas, culturais e organizacionais que interferem no intercâmbio destes povos com os serviços de saúde. Diante do fato apresentado surge a necessidade da inserção do indígena para a garantia da assistência, para tal, se faz necessário melhor preparação do profissional que irá atuar em uma realidade que difere do corriqueiro compreendendo o processo saúde-doença de forma ampliada, incluindo o aspecto etnico-cultural, e que o profissional busque se atualizar e adquirir novos conhecimentos garantindo a população indigena maior qualidade de vida.
CULTIVO DE ALFACE HIDROPÔNICA ORGÂNICA COM CHORUME DE COMPOSTEIRA
Authors: Barreira Isabela Barbosa de Freitas , Monteiro Luciane Pimentel Costa
Published: November 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar a eficácia da diluição chorume de composteira num sistema hidropônico para cultivo de alface, deixando de lado o uso de fertilizante líquido industrializado. Além de economizar muita água de irrigação, o chorume é muito nutritivo e fornece nutrientes importantes para o desenvolvimento das plantas, que se equiparam aos fertilizantes industriais. Inicialmente foi criado um berçário de pequenas mudas em sistema de espuma fenólica hidratada para a realização dos experimentos. Neste sistema foram semeados pellets de alface, controlando-se o pH e a condutividade da solução aquosa. Após o desenvolvimento de 100 mudas, as mesmas foram transferidas para um sistema de tubos de PVC de 40 mm com adição de solução nutritiva e, em seguida, transferidas para um tubo de 75 mm. Foram testadas 29 mudas e todas desenvolvidas de acordo com os padrões comerciais e foram consumidas por aproximadamente 30 pessoas diferentes sem efeitos adversos, indicando a viabilidade do cultivo.
AVALIAÇÃO DA FUNCIONALIDADE E DO RISCO DE QUEDAS DE IDOSOS RESIDENTES EM DUAS INSTITUIÇÕES DE LONGA PERMANÊNCIA DO VALE DO TAQUARI
Authors: Diaz Brenda Teresa Resendiz , Grave Magali Quevedo , Fleig Tania Cristina , Esparza Ana Laura Gonzaléz
Published: November 2023

Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), entre 2000 e 2050, a proporção de pessoas com mais de 60 anos passará de 11% para 22%, no mundo. No Brasil, a previsão é de 32 milhões de pessoas nesta faixa etária, em 2025. Considerando que a queda é o mais sério e frequente acidente doméstico em idosos e a principal causa de morte acidental em pessoas acima de 65 anos, esta pesquisa buscou verificar o risco de quedas e a independência funcional em atividades de vida diária (AVD) de idosos residentes em duas instituições de longa permanência (ILPI), localizadas nas cidades de Lajeado e Estrela/RS, a fim de comparar os resultados. Estudo exploratório, descritivo e transversal, de análise quantitativa, utilizando os testes Timed up and go (TUG), Romberg, Índice de Barthel (IB) e avaliação da força de preensão manual. Participaram 19 idosos: na ILPI 1 participaram 09 idosos com idades entre 72 e 93 anos, sendo 5 homens (média 78; DP: 7,4) e 4 mulheres (média 78, DP: 8,3); na ILPI 2, participaram 10 idosos entre 61 e 83 anos, sendo 5 homens (média 69,6 DP: 6,1) e 5 mulheres (média 72; DP: 7,9). Os resultados apontam que 33% e 30% (n=3 em cada uma das ILPI’s) dos idosos tiveram pelo menos uma queda no último ano. No TUG, na ILPI 1, 66,6% (n=6) e na ILPI 2, 33,3% (n= 3) apresentaram alto risco de quedas; no teste de Romberg, na ILPI 1, 33,3% (n=3) e na ILPI 2, 20 % (n=2) apresentaram oscilação e perda de equilíbrio na primeira posição; no teste de Romberg, na ILPI 1, 55,5% (n=5) e na ILPI 2, 40% (n=4), apresentaram perda de equilíbrio na posição tandem e olhos abertos; no IB, na ILPI 1, 66,6% (n=6) são dependentes leves; 22% (n=2) são dependentes moderados; 11% (n=1) é independentes; na ILPI 2, 100% (n=10) são dependentes leves; a média de força de preensão na ILPI 1 foi de 18 Kg/f para homens e de 11,75 Kg/f para mulheres, enquanto na ILPI 2, os homens obtiveram uma média de 33 Kg/f e as mulheres, de 17,8 Kg/f. Conclusão: idosos da ILPI 1 apresentaram, em todas as variáveis testadas, maior comprometimento, quando comparados aos idosos da ILPI 2. Fatores estruturais, de renda per capita, idade e acesso a tratamentos de saúde e reabilitação são fatores associados.
Editorial: The interactions between leadership quality, sustainability, and innovation for the corporate value creation amidst conflicts and contradictions
Authors: Hundal Shab
Published: November 2023

The current issue includes scholarly articles falling in the purview of a wide range of research themes, for example, the role of the board of directors, family business, pension funds, investing strategies, international regulator system, and business performance dynamics. The backdrop of these articles is interesting, diverse, and compelling.
INFRINGEMENT OF CLINICAL PHARMACIST'S AUTHORITY
Authors: Mawardi Fitriana , Lestari Ayuningtyas , Kusnanto Hari , Sasongko Elsa , Hilmanto Dany
Published: November 2023

Clinical pharmacists are health care practitioners who have advanced
education and training in comprehensive medication management. Clinical
pharmacists participate in the management of specific medications or
individual disease states and collaborate with other health care team.
Despite the clinical pharmacist participate in healthcare team, there
are several cases of challenge in the interprofessional relationship
with other healthcare team especially related drug management. The role
of clinical pharmacists could be improved by increasing
interprofessional communication between doctors and clinical pharmacist
in the healthcare system. Previous studies reported that physicians were
comfortable with pharmacists detecting and preventing prescription
errors, but were uncomfortable with them recommending drug therapy to
patients. Acceptance of pharmacists’ suggestions by prescribers is a
necessary component of the evaluation of clinical pharmacy services.
Local magnetic anomalies explain bias in paleomagnetic data: consequences for sampling
Authors: Meyer Romy , Groot Lennart Vincent de
Published: November 2023

Volcanic rocks are considered reliable recorders of past changes in the
Earth’s magnetic field. Recent flows, however, sometimes fail to produce
the known magnetic field at the time of cooling. Here, we tested the
accuracy of paleomagnetic data recorded by Mt. Etna lavas by comparing
paleomagnetic data from historical flows to direct measurements of the
magnetic field above the current topography. The inclinations and
intensities in both data sets are biased towards lower values. They vary
as a function of topography; both are higher above ridges and lower in
gullies. To suppress this paleomagnetic data bias it is important to
take samples several meters apart and from different parts of the flow
whenever possible. While this leads to a higher degree of scatter in
paleodirections, the results will better represent the Earth’s magnetic
field at the time of cooling. This emphasises the importance of
reporting paleomagnetic sampling strategies in detail.
Competitiveness of the agri-food sector of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Dimitrijevic Milos , Cakajac Bozidar , Milojevic Igor
Published: November 2023

The competitiveness of the agri-food products is one of the key factors for promoting export and economic development, especially in developing countries. Competitiveness can be influenced by increasing productivity, applying modern knowledge, innovating processing capacities and producing a high-quality final product with high added value. The agriculture of Serbia is very important for economic growth. In order to improve the competitive advantage of the agri-food sector in foreign markets, it is important to increase its efficiency by introducing modern technologies and approaches. The subject of the paper is to examine the most important export agri-food products of Serbia, as well as the most important markets for their exports. Using the RCA and ARCA indices, the comparative advantages of these products in trade were examined, which is the goal of the research. Multiple regression was then also used to examine the impact on exports. Although significant agri-food products achieve comparative advantages, the decline in their competitiveness has a negative impact on exports. Low pricing policies, as well as inadequate product quality cannot maintain competitiveness in the long run. The structure of the export of agricultural products is also unsatisfactory, bearing in mind that they are products with a low level of processing, and low added value. Therefore, it is necessary to invest in modern equipment, develop innovative approaches, such as organic production and the introduction of innovations to improve quality standards, differentiate products and create a final product with high added value, as important prerequisites for improving competitiveness and promoting the export of the agri-food sector.
Computational modelling in a high rise building with different building envelope materials for sustainable living
Authors: Rajkumar Rupa , Padmanabhan Vasanthi , Ramalingam Velraj , Meenakshisundaram Nagaraj
Published: November 2023

This research focuses on identifying a sustainable material for building envelope for energy efficacy in naturally ventilated high rise residential buildings through CFD. Convective heat transfer is observed in three levels of the 14 storied highrise naturally ventilated building using three different building envelope materials ? burnt clay bricks, solid concrete block, and hollow concrete block. To artificially create the environment with CFD the different temperatures and velocities are used. The boundary conditions - initial outdoor temperatures 30 ?C and 23 ?C, respectively, were kept constant and the initial outdoor velocities 1 m/s to 10 m/s, were varied and simulated at 12 noon condition. Simulation results reveal, higher indoor temperatures in the roof exposed floor. At 30?C it is observed that there is a 0.2-0.3?C temperature difference between the burnt clay brick wall and the hollow concrete block wall through the varied velocities. In all cases of air velocities, the air temperature in the indoor spaces of the solid concrete block wall was found to be highest. This proves that solid concrete block wall has the highest conductivity and least resistivity over the other two materials. In the hollow concrete block, the process of conduction is slow and apparently the temperature in the indoor spaces is reduced. Thus, the results clearly indicate that the temperature in the indoor spaces of the hollow block building envelope was comparatively low when compared to the other two building materials.
A comparative study for enhancing solar still performance and efficiency through PCM-integrated fin design
Authors: Raju Gowrishankar , Dillibabu Surrya , Tonk Anu , Kumar Shanmugam Sathish
Published: November 2023

This study introduces a novel solar still design that stores energy in a PCM with the use of fins. Three distinct types of stills were considered for this study of the fin and energy storage unit. Type I stills were conventional type, whereas Type II stills added round hollow fins above the basin liner. As with Type II, Type III used fins in addition a PCM-packed energy storage unit located below the basin liner. Over the basin liner, fins were added to the absorber to increase its surface area. Experiments were conducted using all three types, with the water level in the basin maintained at 3 cm throughout. It was calculated that conventional solar still may produce up to 3.25 L per m2 per day. In contrast, Type II and Type III show increases in production of 17.54% and 48.61%, and 55.69%, respectively. In addition, modified solar still is proven to have a shorter pay-back period than conventional solar still.
Effect of prime mover regenerator radius on the performance and characteristic of acoustic field of thermoacoustic refrigerator driven by prime mover
Authors: Farikhah Irna , Isnandi Rifqi Nurfadhilah , Setiawan Ikhsan , Hermana Rifki , Rokhmawati Endang , Nuroso Harto , Novita Mega , Margono Margono
Published: November 2023

Refrigerated truck is indispensable transportation for food and medicine. However, the truck has been using the harmful substance such as CFC or HCFC. Therefore, an alternative cooler is essential such as thermoacoustic refrigerator. The refrigerator is driven by the thermoacoustic heat engine (prime mover), so the prime mover can convert the thermal or waste heat into the acoustic energy for driving the refrigerator. There are some parameters that can improve the efficiency of the refrigerator system. The aim is to investigate the impact of prime mover regenerator radius on the efficiency and characteristic of acoustic field. It was found that the best performance of the whole refrigeration system was achieved when the radius is 0.68. The engine and cooler efficiency are 84% and 38%, respectively. In addition, the acoustic field characteristic was also analyzed to elucidate the mechanism in the refrigerator system.
Research on the thermal and flow characteristics of novel micro-channel PV/T collectors
Authors: Yu Guoqing , Ding Wubin , Xu Cheng
Published: November 2023

A novel micro-channel PV photothermal collector is investigated, comprising of PV cells and collectors. Its distinctive feature lies in the flow mode of its micro-channels. The novel micro-channel investigated in this study is composed of multiple drums, allowing for a non-parallel flow configuration. This distributional flow pattern facilitates enhanced contact between the water flow and the heat transfer surface, thereby resulting in significantly improved heat transfer efficiency. Characteristics and flow properties are studied to enhance the thermoelectric performance and broaden the application scope of PV photothermal collector technology. This study focuses on parallel micro-channels and three-passes micro-channels for comparison, employing ANSYS FLUENT to simulate electrical and thermal efficiencies, temperature distribution, velocity field, and pressure field under typical operating conditions. The validity of the model is verified by comparing it with experimental panel surface temperature data. Within this framework, various inlet flow conditions are examined to investigate the collector's temperature profile, standard deviation of temperature distribution, pressure drops, and maxi-mum velocity. Results indicate that under specific circumstances, the heat collection performance of parallel micro-channel PV photothermal collectors is inferior to that of three-passes micro-channel counterparts. Both types exhibit reduced efficiency during winter conditions, however, three-passes micro-channels experience a more significant decline at 22.4%, compared to 19.7% for parallel micro-channels. In terms of flow resistance characteristics, parallel micro-channels demonstrate advantages in terms of pressure drops over three-passes configurations as they exhibit nearly 3935 Pa lower values under certain conditions. Regarding temperature uniformity in PV-photothermal systems, parallel micro-channel collectors outperform their three-passes counterparts.
Comparative temperature and consumption data measurement of model buildings with different thermal time constants
Authors: Pager Szabolcs , Foldi Laszlo , Geczi Gabor
Published: November 2023

In this study, three identically designed model buildings and their heating energy consumption was compared. Those pilot scale buildings are equal by size and were located on the same location. During the measuring campaign both external and internal temperatures were recorded, beside the energy consumption. The model buildings were labeled as A (constant baseline), B (baseline varying according to a time program), and C (unheated, blank). During the measurements, the thermal mass of the buildings was altered. The same amount of thermal mass was installed in all three model buildings during all measurements. According to our results under real weather conditions, the intermittent heating requires less energy than maintaining a constant temperature, and the energy saving is inversely proportional to the time constant at intermittent heating. Instead of specific heat mass, a thermal time constant was used to compare intermittent and constant heating. It was established that as the thermal constant of the model building increases, the energy savings between maintaining a variable base temperature and maintaining a constant base temperature decrease. The expected savings are between 4% and 7%.
Analysis of flow field and temperature distribution in granary under novel ventilation systems based on fractal structure
Authors: Lin Jun , Chen Kaixuan , Liu Wei , Lu Xin
Published: November 2023

The distribution of velocity and temperature field inside the granary can be used to evaluate ventilation quality. A well-ventilated system with uniform air-flow and cooling can effectively prevent moisture accumulation. To address the issue of poor uniformity in ventilation and cooling, this research introduces two new ventilation systems: the non-fractal ventilation system and the fractal ventilation system. The fractal structure was designed based on optimized parameters obtained from rectangular elements with minimum flow resistance. Numerical simulation methods were employed to verify the effectiveness of these ventilation systems. A comparative analysis was conducted, examining the velocity field, temperature field, and velocity uniformity of the two systems. The results demonstrated that the presence of a sand packing zone helped the grain pile zone avoid most of the areas with poor ventilation. The discontinuous pores at the interface between the sand packing zone and the grain pile zone significantly increased flow resistance, effectively reducing the velocity of high speed ventilation into the grain pile zone and decreasing the permeability of the grain pile zone towards the poorly ventilated areas of the sand pile zone. Furthermore, the fractal structure greatly enhanced ventilation intensity in areas with poor ventilation in the velocity field, while also improving the uniformity of cooling in the temperature field. This research presents an innovative solution for ventilation in room-type warehouses, offering a new option for effective and efficient ventilation.
Optimization of the fan coil cooling system and the air source heat pump using a moderated mediation model
Authors: Ozdemir Mehmet , Onat Ayhan
Published: November 2023

The data obtained from a heating and cooling system comprised of a fan coil
unit integrated air source heat pump used in Istanbul, Turkey, as well as
data on outdoor conditions, was analyzed in this study. The analysis was
carried out with the help of the moderated mediation model, which is
included as a process analysis in the ?Statistical Package for the Social
Sciences? application. In this study, a mathematical model of the moderated
mediation model was created and the efficiency coefficients of the
parameters effecting performance were calculated. It was discovered that the
effect of medium and high relative humidity values on the outdoor
temperature was about 4.81%. The heat pump fails to transmit heat to the
environment outside as a result of medium and high relative humidity values
increasing the outdoor temperature. As a result of this it has been found
that relative humidity values have a negative effect on the water
temperature entering the fan coil unit by approximately -1.18%. This result
of the study shows that the outlet water temperature of the fan coil unit
does not adequately cool the rooms in the summer. It has been discovered
that while wind velocity negatively affects performance affecting
parameters, low relative humidity values have no effect on them.
Teachers’ Perspectives on Supportive and Inclusive Practices: A Study of Four Schools With Diverse Literacy Practices
Authors: Tjernberg Catharina Cesilia , Forsling Karin
Published: November 2023

Previous research states that accessibility and participation are prerequisites for students, regardless of ability, to be able to develop in school. The point of accessibility and participation is that everyone should be able to feel included and have access to learning. From an inclusive education perspective, the interest of this study is how teachers work in diverse literacy practices to address a variety of student conditions and needs. By studying how some primary education teachers describe how they design and stage learning environments, we want to contribute new knowledge about inclusive literacy practices.
The data collection was carried out through focus group discussions. We analysed the data with Critical Literacy (CL) as a theoretical framework, and the related concepts of domination, access, diversity, and design were used. The general impression that emerges from our study is that teachers design literacy activities based on both supportive and inclusive aspects and with a focus on variation and diversity. In the study, more similarities than differences emerged, for instance a focus on multimodal methods and the importance of didactic flexibility. The teachers also highlighted the importance of producing text, not just consuming and processing existing texts. Sometimes the analysis reveals differences. Even so, the teachers’ intentions to include all students in the classroom education remain significant.
Evaluación del impacto en la salud: Infección, hospitalización y mortalidad por COVID-19 en Navarra, febrero de 2020 a septiembre de 2022
Authors: Casado Itziar , García Cenoz Manuel , Egües Nerea , Burgui Cristina , Martínez-Baz Iván , Castilla Jesús
Published: November 2023

Fundamento. El SARS-CoV-2 ha circulado ininterrumpidamente en España desde febrero de 2020 hasta septiembre de 2022. El presente estudio estima y describe su repercusión en infecciones, hospitalizaciones y defunciones. Métodos. A partir de la vigilancia epidemiológica reforzada, los resultados de encuestas seroepidemiológicas y los datos de mortalidad diaria, se han analizado las infecciones, hospitalizaciones y defunciones por COVID-19 entre febrero de 2020 y septiembre de 2022 en Navarra. Resultados. Se confirmaron 295.424 personas con COVID-19 (45% de la población), 8594 requirieron ingreso hospitalario (1,3% habitantes), 832 ingresaron en unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) (1,3 por 1000) y 1725 fallecieron (2,6 por 1000). La primera onda pandémica produjo 1934 hospitalizaciones y 529 defunciones por COVID-19 confirmado en pocas semanas, y su número descendió rápidamente tras el confinamiento domiciliario. Hasta octubre de 2021 la circulación del SARS-CoV-2 estuvo modulada por las medidas preventivas no farmacológicas. La extensión de la vacunación frente a la COVID-19 introdujo cambios decisivos en la epidemiología de la enfermedad, reduciendo a menos del 2% los casos que requerían hospitalización, del 0,1% los que ingresaban en UCI y del 0,5% la letalidad. Conclusiones. Coincidiendo con la generalización de la vacunación se produjo una reducción importante de la gravedad y letalidad de la COVID-19, que pasó de comportarse inicialmente como una pandemia, a acabar asemejándose a otras infecciones endémicas por virus respiratorios. El confinamiento domiciliario inicial, las medidas preventivas no farmacológicas y la vacunación de la COVID-19 han sido intervenciones eficaces y oportunas para reconducir el curso de la pandemia en diferentes momentos.
Evaluación del impacto en la salud: Evaluación del impacto en la salud
Authors: Delfrade Josu , Iniesta Irene , Guevara Marcela , Ibáñez Estefanía , Moreno-Iribas Conchi
Published: November 2023

Fundamento. El objetivo del estudio es evaluar el impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la mortalidad de Navarra en 2020-2021. Método. Se han utilizado las bases de datos de causas de muerte por edad y sexo del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y, como indicadores del impacto, se calcularon la esperanza de vida al nacer y tasas de mortalidad ajustadas por edad (globales y estratificadas por edad y sexo). Resultados. En 2019, año previo a la pandemia de COVID-19, el descenso de la tasa de mortalidad estandarizada respecto a 2018 fue mayor que el registrado en los años anteriores, -9,3% (IC95%: -14,1%; -4,3%) en hombres y -3,4% (IC95%: -8,3%; +1,9%) en mujeres. Durante los dos primeros años de la pandemia, 2020-2021, la mortalidad aumentó +5,3% (IC95%: +1,4%; +9,2%) en hombres y +3,9% (IC95%: +0,2%; +7,8%) en mujeres en comparación con 2018-2019 y no mostró cambios respecto a 2016-2017 (-0,5 %, IC95%: -4,1%; +3,1% en hombres y -0,3%, IC95%: -3,9%; +3,4% en mujeres). Los hombres mayores de 74 años presentaron el mayor exceso de mortalidad mientras que en los menores de 50 años la mortalidad se mantuvo estable. La esperanza de vida previa a la pandemia se recuperó en 2021. Conclusión. El aumento de las tasas mortalidad en los hombres y mujeres mayores de 50 años en 2020 situó la mortalidad del bienio 2020-2021 en los niveles de mortalidad de 2016-2017.
Personal Exposure to Fine-particle Black Carbon Air Pollution Among Schoolchildren Living in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Authors: Dashnyam Ulzii , Warburton Nicole , Brugha Rossa , Tserenkh Ichinkhorloo , Davaasambuu Enkhmaa , Enkhtur Shonkhuuz , Munkhuu Bayalog , Lodoysamba Sereeter , Dashdendev Baigalmaa , Grigg Jonathan , Warburton David
Published: November 2023

Objectives: To measure personal exposure to air pollution in children, in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Methods: Since coal burning for domestic heating causes severe air pollution in Ulaanbaatar, we measured personal PM2.5 exposure for children aged 5-12 years during the winter 2013-2014. Results: Peak levels of black carbon PM2.5 exposure >200 µg/m3 between November and March varied significantly with time of day, with the highest peak 18:00-02:00, a nadir 02:00-07:00, followed by a second peak 07:00 -12:00, with another afternoon nadir 12:00-18:00. Children living in Ger districts in a Ger or wooden house, had the highest levels of PM2.5, >500 µg/m3 , with duration of personal peak exposure in Gers 8-fold longer than in wooden houses. Conclusion: Peak exposures in Gers were related to going outside, fire lighting and cooking, whereas in wooden houses peak exposures were related to going outside or opening the door. The least exposure for children was in an apartment or school with the windows shut. Significant levels of personal exposure also occurred during the commute to school, outside playtime, shopping trips and car rides. Opening the window of steam heated apartments for “fresh air cooling” as well as indoor smoking also produced important levels of personal exposure.
Neurolytic Celiac Plexus Block Efficacy in Patients with Severe, Chronic Upper-abdominal Cancer Pain
Authors: Yondonjamts Byambasuren , Davaasuren Odontuya , Ganbold Lundeg
Published: November 2023

Objectives: To study of the efficacy of the neurolytic celiac plexus block (NCPB) in patients with severe, chronic upper-abdominal cancer pain in reducing pain score, morphine consumption, side effects of morphine, and improving performance score. Methods: Fifty-six patients with abdominal cancer who suffered chronic, severe pain were enrolled in this study. All patients received a morphine dose of <100mg/day. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group I included patients who received NCPB, group II included patients who used morphine continuously. The patients' pain score, performance status, morphine consumption and morphine-related side effects were recorded at regular two-week intervals with a final follow-up at eight weeks. Results: After the NCPB administration, the pain score, morphine consumption and morphine-related side effects decreased in group I more than in group II (p <0.0001). The physical performance improved in group I more than group II (p<0.001). In group II, pain scores were consistently elevated and patients continued to receive high doses of opioids with inadequate pain control (p <0.001). In group I, morphine-related side effects (nausea, anorexia, and constipation) had lower grades than in group II (p <0.001). Conclusion: NCPB is one of the choices for palliation of severe, chronic upper-abdominal cancer pain.
Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 20th Edition
Authors: Mandakh Undram
Published: November 2023

No  abstract in English
Rust, Mold, and Cracks: Post-Dualist Approaches on Spaces and Images
Authors:   São Paulo State University (Brazil)/ Universität Greifswald (Germany), Gervilla Lucas Rossi
Published: November 2023

Using the piece of video art “Rust, Mold, and Cracks”, created by the author, this paper addresses questions related to space, ruins, and different temporalities. Calling upon the authors Georg Simmel and Milton Santos, the text proposes an approach to ruins that goes further than dualist concepts such as abandoned/not abandoned, or modern/outdated. It also discusses the role of Nature in this scenario. In light of this situation, space and time are under mutable reorganisation, as pointed out by David Harvey. Different arrangements between them shall produce diverse modernities. Considering images as objects resulting from this spatiotemporal modification, this article comments on their accumulation.
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВЛЕНОСТІ ПЛАВЦІВ 10–11 РОКІВ НА ЕТАПІ ПОПЕРЕДНЬОЇ БАЗОВОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ
Authors: Білов Сергій Олександрович , Тищенко Валерія Олексіївна
Published: November 2023

У статті розглянуто особливості організації тренувального процесу дітей 10–11 років, які займаються плаванням, на етапі попередньої базової підготовки, оскільки цей віковий період є критичним для розвитку навичок і фізичної підготовки та потребує специфічного підходу. Матеріали та методи: аналіз науково-методичної літератури та документальних джерел; аналіз, синтез і узагальнення; порівняння, зіставлення й аналогія; педагогічні спостереження; педагогічні тестування; методи математичної статистики. Загальна фізична підготовленість оцінювалася за такими показниками, як: швидкість (біг на 30 м із високого старту); вибухова сила (стрибок у довжину з місця); швидкісно-силова витривалість м’язів черевного пресу (піднімання тулуба в положення сидячи за 30 с), сила плечового поясу (згинання-розгинання рук в упорі лежачи, підтягування); спритність (човниковий біг 4×9 м); активна гнучкість хребта (нахил тулуба вперед із положення сидячи, торкаючись пальцями відмітки вимірюваного приладу). Результати. Здійснено оцінку загальної фізичної підготовленості шляхом використання тестів, які визначають різні аспекти фізичної форми, включаючи швидкість, вибухову силу, спритність, швидкісно-силову витривалість м’язів черевного пресу, а також активну гнучкість хребта і загальну витривалість, що дозволили більш різнобічно та повніше оцінити вплив програми тренувань на фізичний стан плавців. Розуміння багатьох факторів, що впливають на успішність дітей у плаванні, може допомогти розробити відповідні плани підготовки, які можуть сприяти довгостроковому успіху в більш пізньому віці, що є ключовим фактором конкурентоспроможності, і його слід ефективно застосовувати саме в ранньому віці. Висновки. Результати початкового обстеження плавців, проведеного на констатувальному етапі педагогічного дослідження, показали, що плавцям необхідно поліпшувати загальну фізичну підготовленість шляхом реалізації експериментальної програми. Виходячи із проведених спостережень, констатовано, що безпосередній рівень підготовки знижений, тим самим демонструючи недостатній рівень попередньої підготовки як об’єктивного показника.