bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Palaeolclimatic significance of palynological assemblages from the Siwalik sediments in the Dudhaura Khola section, central Nepal
Authors: Paudayal Khum N.
Published: January 2021

The palynological study of the Rapti Formation and Amlekhganj Formation from the Siwalik Group in the Dudhaura Khola section revealed plethora of information to interpret the past vegetation and climate existed during Late Miocene in the southern margin of the Nepal Himalaya. Altogether 30 samples were collected from Rapti Formation and Amlekhganj Formations exposed in the Dudhaura Khola section for the palynological study. Palynological assemblages recovered from the upper part of Rapti Formation and lower part of Amlekhganj Formation consist of 5 families and 10 genera from monocotyledon, 8 families and 14 genera from dicotyledon, 1 family and 4 genera from Gymnosperm and 5 families from Pteridophytes. High presence of Palm pollen and Ceratopteris spores in the Rapti Formation and Amlekhganj Formation suggests that the climate was warm and humid. The riverine vegetation is documented by the presence of Alnus, Typha, Potamogeton, Liliaceae and Poaceae.The frequency of zygnemataceous spores is common in the Rapti Formation while it is decreases towards the bottom part of the Amlekhganj Formation. There is little gymnosperm pollen in the Amlekhganj Formation but their frequency and distribution is very less. This suggests change of vegetation pattern from tropical-subtropical forest to lower temperate forest during the deposition of Amlekhganj Formation and after wards.
Determination of high-frequency attenuation characteristic of coda waves in the central region of Nepal Himalaya
Authors: Kandel Thakur Prasad , Yamada Masumi , Pokhrel Prakash
Published: January 2021

The high-frequency coda wave attenuation in the central region of Nepal, in and around the Kathmandu valley, is estimated using vertical component seismograms of local earthquakes recorded at 16 different seismic stations of NAMASTE array. The estimated result is expressed in terms of Qc, quality factor (inverse of coda wave attenuation). The value of coda quality factor (Qc) is estimated at eight central frequencies of 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0, 12.0, 15.0, 18.0, and 21.0 Hz through four different coda window length from 20 to 50 s at 10 s interval by using the single backscattering model. The value of coda Qc obtained from this study, shows a clear dependence on a frequency according to the power relation, Qc (f)= Q0 f n, where Q0  is Qc  at 1 Hz, and f is frequency and n represents the degree of frequency dependence. The mean value of Qc of 16 different seismic stations was obtained as (110 ± 10.6) f 1.03±0.03 at 30 s coda window length, which represents the high attenuation characteristics of the study area, and attenuation decreases with increasing central frequency. Qo increases from 73.1 ± 10.1 to 156.1 ± 13.6 and n decreases from 1.12 ± 1.05 to 0.92±0.03 when the coda window length increases from 20 to 50 s. It is concluded that the study area is tectonically very active, highly heterogeneous, and heterogeneity decrease with depth. The coda Q obtained in this study is compatible with the result obtained in the region having a similar tectonic setting.
Geochemical and multivariate assessment of water quality in the Rajarani Lake, Dhankuta, Nepal
Authors: Pant Ramesh Raj , Adhikari Barsha , Baral Upendra , Shrestha Suraj , Neupane Shristi , Khanal Barsha , Acharya Anueva , Bhattarai Hemraj
Published: January 2021

The Himalayan freshwater lakes embody treasure of the country, crystal-clear nature of which offers water for drinking, irrigation and other domestic purposes, and provides shelter to numerous species, preserve aquatic biodiversity and habitat of the area. Freshwater lake is one of the major sources of livelihood amenities in Nepal and replenishes groundwater, positively influence the quality of downstream watercourses. In the present study, 20 water samples were collected from different points of Rajarani Lake, and analyzed for water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), oxygen-reduction potential (ORP), turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO),total hardness (TH), major cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+ and NH4+) and major anions (HCO3-, Cl-, NO3-, and PO43-). The acquired data were interpreted using multivariate statistical technique with principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) to evaluate controlling factors and characteristics of sampling locations in the lake.PCA results demonstrated major three factors contributing to water quality in lake with a 73.89% of cumulative variance. Similarly, CA results characterized sampling locations into four clusters indicating differentiation in the chemical concentrations. Results of the assessment through PCA, CA and comparison with other Himalayan lakes indicated that Rajarani Lake is not severely affected by pollution because it is still unexplored and thus pristine in nature. This study suggests that water quality of lake environments needs to be further investigated, focusing on depth-wise and temporal levels for its sustainability.
Structural and microtectonic analyses of Barpak of Gorkha district, west-central Nepal
Authors: Poudel Sameer , Oli Lok Mani , Paudel Lalu P.
Published: January 2021

Geological mapping was carried out in the Barpak-Bhachchek area of the Daraudi River valley, Gorkha district, West-Central Nepal for structural analysis. The area comprises rocks of the Higher Himalayan Crystalline and the Lesser Himalayan Sequence.  Pelitic and psammitic schist, quartzite, calc-quartzite, dolomitic marble, graphitic schist, gneiss are the main rock types within the Lesser Himalayan Sequence,  whereas banded gneiss and quartzite form a significant portion of the Higher Himalayan Crystalline in the study area. The area is affected by poly-phase deformation. Lesser Himalayan Sequence has suffered five deformational phases (DL1-DL2, D3-D5) whereas the Higher Himalayan Crystalline has suffered four deformational events (DH1, D3-D5). The Lesser Himalayan Sequence lying to the northern limb of the Gorkha-Kuncha Anticlinorium is contort into doubly plunging to dome-and-basin-like en echelon type of non-cylindrical folds as Baluwa Dome and Pokharatar Basin (DL2 and D4). The direction of shearing as indicated by shear sense indicators (C' Shear band and Mica fish) is top-to-south coinciding with regional sense of shear related to the MCT propagation. The dynamic recrystallization direction, obtained from rock dominant with phyllosilicate minerals is top-to-south and coincides with mineral lineation and indicate the mineral lineation is contemporary with dynamic recrystallization during the MCT propagation.
Zeit des Aufschwungs und Zeit der Krise im Wirtschaftswortschatz des ausgehenden 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts in ausgewählten Zitaten aus der Wirtschaftspresse
Authors: Strzelecka Grażyna
Published: January 2021

Der Beitrag umfasst in ausgewählten Zitaten, die der Wirtschaftspresse des ausgehenden 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts entnommen wurden, Wortschatzbeispiele aus Wirtschaftsartikeln aus den Jahren 1885–1886 und 1993–1996, die die Zeit des Aufschwungs und später die Zeit der aufkommenden Krise beschreiben. Sie werden anhand von Wirtschaftswörterbüchern definiert und erläutert. Dabei soll gezeigt werden, wie sich die Sprache der Wirtschaft, insbesondere im Bereich Handel, in der Zeitspanne von etwa 100 Jahren entwickelt und verändert hat. Die Gruppierung des Wortschatzes soll einen besseren Überblick über die von der Wirtschaftspressebehandelten Themen geben. Der sprachwissenschaftliche Nutzen der Arbeit liegt, wie erhofft, in einem Beitrag zur diachronischen Beschreibung der Lexik der Sprache der Wirtschaft. Der Vergleich mit dem 20. Jh. zeigt, wie sich die Sprache der Wirtschaft in dem gewählten Bereich entwickelte, welche Wörter aus dem Gebrauch gekommen sind, welche einem Bedeutungswandel unterlagen und welche bis heute in unveränderter Form fungieren.
Jörg Meier, Georg Schuppener: Werbesprache in der Mitte Europas. Nationale Elemente in der Produktwerbung im Vergleich. (= Beiträge zur Fachdidaktik 2). Wien: Praesens Verlag, 2018: 61 S.
Authors: Szczęk Joanna
Published: January 2021

Jörg Meier, Georg Schuppener: Werbesprache in der Mitte Europas. Nationale Elemente in der Produktwerbung im Vergleich. (= Beiträge zur Fachdidaktik 2). Wien: Praesens Verlag, 2018: 61 S.
Strategic space autonomy for EU political and security goals. Evolution of organisational capacity
Authors: Słomczyńska Irma
Published: January 2021

The aim of the article is to analyse European space policy as a unique and innovative undertaking established within the European Union in order to acquire its strategic space autonomy. European space policy evolution, as well as its implementation and space assets being at the EU disposal, are key enablers of the EU space autonomy. The main assumption of the article is that the EU pursues a strategic autonomy in space because it is indispensable to achieve a strategic autonomy in almost all the realms including security and political ones. That is why European space policy was introduced and a key space programmes including Copernicus and Galileo were initiated. As a result, the EU joined the group of space-faring powers as an influential global player that makes an additional considerable contribution to the structural changes in the outer space governance. A qualitative approach used to analyse this topic should lead to several findings. A strategic space autonomy, which is crucial for the EU to perform its multiple roles, could be grouped into three functional levels: institutional, systemic, and military.
Rights of parties to an impartial court in the light of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Kubas Sabina , Hurova Anna
Published: January 2021

Human rights are freedoms, means of protection and benefits, which, when recognized as rights, in accordance with contemporary freedoms, all people should be able to demand from the society in which they live (Encyclopedia… 1985: p. 502). Public confidence in the judiciary depends on many factors. One of them is judicial impartiality, generally understood as not being guided by prejudices against parties and participants in the proceedings and lack of interest in the case. The fundamental importance of this value in the administration of justice means that the law defines its specific guarantees, such as rules for determining adjudication panels, open proceedings, obligation to justify a decision, as well as the possibility of excluding a judge from participating in proceedings due to doubts as to his impartiality. The aim of the article is to indicate that the ability to assert rights is the most important aspect of human rights. These rights are not only lofty ideals or aspirations, but also the improvements underlying the claims. This is proved by outcomes of the analysis presented in this article.
Party dynamics and leadership longevity: experience from Western Balkans and Visegrad Group countries
Authors: Bursać Dejan , Stojanović Boban
Published: January 2021

This article is examining the effects of party dynamics on changeability of party leaders, arguing that significant differences can be expected with regard to ideology, parliamentary strength, and involvement in government. Authors claim that leaders are more prone to change, when their parties lose elections or depart from the government. Moreover, they explore variations in leadership longevity in relation to degree of democratic consolidation, based on the analysis of experience from the Western Balkans and Visegrad Group countries. Findings confirm the hypotheses regarding electoral failure and departure from government, as well as regional differences between transitional and more consolidated democracies.
ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIONS OF USING SUNFLOWER PRODUCTION BY-PRODUCTS FOR ENERGY IN UKRAINE (REVIEW)
Authors: Geletukha G.G. , Drahniev S.V. , Zheliezna T.A. , Bashtovyi A.I.
Published: January 2021

The aim of the work is to analyze technical and economic basis for the development of energy and biofuel production from sunflower growing by-products in Ukraine. The task of the work is to determine conditions that ensure the economic feasibility of such type projects in Ukraine. Results of assessment of the energy potential of sunflower production by-products in Ukraine are presented. Ukraine is a world leader in terms of sunflower gross harvest. Consequently the country has a large potential of by-products from sunflower growing and processing available for energy. Today, with the exception of sunflower husk, this type of biomass is practically not used for energy needs. Small amounts of sunflower growing by-products are mainly used by some agricultural producers and rural households to cover their own needs in heat. Taking into consideration the insufficiently described practice of harvesting this type of biomass and the undoubted prospects of its use for energy in Ukraine, it is necessary to conduct some field tests of harvesting technologies, at least on the basis of existing agricultural machinery, in particular, forage harvester and mulcher with a baler. Further research is needed on the technology of direct combustion of stalks and other by-products of sunflower growing, as well as the production of solid, liquid and gaseous biofuels from them.
APPLICATION OF MODERN PRE-INSULATED PIPES TO INCREASE THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF CENTRALIZED HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS
Authors: Bozhko I.K.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to a review of manufacturing technologies and methods for counteracting the effects of aging and destruction of a ball of thermal insulation in previously insulated pipes (PIP) of heating networks. The thermophysical characteristics of various blowing agents are compared; the superiority of cyclopentane in both thermophysical and environmental parameters is shown.

The basic technologies for the production of pre-insulated pipe wires are considered. The advantages of «conti» technology using a diffusion barrier are highlighted. It is shown that for polyurethane foam, the main factor that suppresses heat transfer through PUR type thermal insulation is the low thermal conductivity of the gas mixture, which is "sealed" in the foam cells.

The analysis of the influence of “aging” of the heat-insulating shell, namely, the diffusion of oxygen molecules into the structure of polyurethane foam, is carried out, and its negative effect on the thermal characteristics of the heat-insulating material is shown. Oxygen diffusion leads to a gradual increase in the value of the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the heat-insulating shell, and as a result, increases heat loss by the pipeline. The results of predictive calculations confirmed the effectiveness of the use of diffusion barriers in the manufacture of PIP. It is shown that when using PIP with a diffusion barrier, unproductive heat energy losses decrease on average by 20–21%, which, in turn, leads to a decrease in the amount of payments to end consumers and an increase in the quality and efficiency of district heating systems.

It is also noted that polymer pre-insulated pipelines are practically not inferior in strength and reliability to steel PIP and at the same time, they have several advantages over steel PIP. It is recommended to increase the use of polymer PIP in the reconstruction of heating networks of the district heating system.
Shwachman — Diamond Syndrome: Modern Genetic Aspects of a Ribosomapathy
Authors:   N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (a Federal Government Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Ipatova M.G. ,   N.F. Filatov Municipal Clinical Children Hospital of Moscow Department of Health; Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2021

Objective of the Review: To analyse new DNAJC21, EFL1, SRP54 mutations causing ribosome biogenesis defects and presenting with clinical symptoms similar to the symptoms of Shwachman – Diamond syndrome (SDS). Key Points. SDS is a ribosomapathy and is characterised by pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, defective hematopoiesis, musculoskeletal anomalies, and a high risk of myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia. About 90% of SDS patients have biallelic SBDS mutations. However, 10–20% of patients with a set of symptoms typical of SDS did not have any pathovars in SBDS gene; therefore, we searched for other candidate genes. In addition to SDS, genetic disorders associated with defected maturation, deficient structure or function of ribosomes and ribonucleoprotein complexes include Diamond – Blackfan anemia, cartilage and hair hypoplasy (McKusick type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia), congenital diskeratosis, 5q-syndrome, and others. These syndromes are similar to SDS. All these conditions are associated with medullary deficiency at least in one hematopoiesis chain. All five conditions are associated with a high risk of cancer. Conclusion. SDS is a genetically determined condition belonging to ribosomapathies. Ribosomapathies are caused by mutations in genes that participate in the synthesis of ribosomal proteins and factors, functioning at various stages of their assembly, and give origin to a number of clinical phenotypes, including haematological malignancies and cancer. In clinical practice, SDS is diagnosed on the basis of typical clinical symptoms and if pathogenic SBDS mutations are present. The issue whether SDS is a genetic heterogenetic ribosomapathy or a mutation of other genes causing defective ribosome synthesis and SDS-like symptoms, is disputable and requires further research. Keywords: Shwachman – Diamond syndrome, genes, SBDS, DNAJC21, EFL1, SRP54, ribosomapathy.
Laboratory Dynamics in Children With Mild Persistent Bronchial Asthma
Authors:   South Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Fedorov I.A. ,   Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Rybakova O.G. ,   South Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation
Published: January 2021

Study Objective: to track the laboratory dynamics in children with mild persistent bronchial asthma (BA) at various stages of disease with or without baseline therapy. Study Design: prospective cohort study. Materials and Methods. The study included 42 patients with mild persistent BA aged 5 to 16 years. Each child was followed up for 3 years. At initiation of the study and during each visit, all patients had their blood eosinophils, nasal discharge (ND) and induced sputum (IS), as well as serum eosinophil cation protein (ECP) tested; and their respiratory function was assessed. All children were prescribed baseline therapy with low doses of inhalative glucocorticosteroids (GCS); 18 children also received allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT). Study Results. Inhalative GCS for BA exacerbations facilitated normalisation of sputum, ND and blood eosinophils. During periods of BA remission, ND and IS eosinophil levels increased, but patients did not have rhinitis and BA symptoms. Eosinophil levels in IS were higher vs. BA control (р = 0.05) and lower vs. disease exacerbations (р < 0.05). We did not find any differences in laboratory results in children with or without ASIT who were treated with low doses of inhalative and nasal GCS. Conclusion. Eosinophile inflammatory phenotype in patients did not charge depending on disease duration and control therapies. According to the study data, eosinophile levels in IS, when BA exacerbation was recorded, were 8.0% [3.0–16.0%]. This value can be used as an additional predictor for the need in increased therapy (a step forward). Irrespective of the disease stage and therapy, there was correlation between blood eosinophile level and IS eosinophile level and between IS eosinophile level and blood ECP concentration. Keywords: bronchial asthma, children, eosinophiles, induced sputum, inflammatory phenotype.
Hepatolenticular Degeneration in Children
Authors:   Central Scientific and Research Institute of Epidemiology at the Federal Service for Oversight of Consumer Protection and Welfare of the Russian Federation, Reisis А.R. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2021

Objective: to present the current situation with hepatolenticular degeneration (HLD) in children and to study clinical and laboratory manifestations, prevalence and significance of the disease in children with unexplained hepatitis (UH). Key Points. HLD, genetic copper metabolism imbalance, is a serious condition masked by UH. There is practically no information on prevalence of HLD in children; and diagnostic capabilities are still a matter of arguments. We have reviewed literature sources on HLD in children and examined 103 children aged 3 to 16 years diagnosed with UH (follow-up period of 3 to 7 years). Two cases have been discussed in detail. In addition to routine clinical examinations, we have tested copper metabolism in blood and 24-hour urine specimen. Genetic tests were conducted to find АТР7В mutations (12 to 14 alleles were examined). Conclusion. HLD in children is not an uncommon cause of hepatic involvement; it affects 11–12% children with UH. Diagnostics is challenging and achieved with a number of tests such as measurement of copper levels in 24-hour urine specimen and genetic tests for HLD with exclusion of any other known and common causes of hepatic conditions (viral, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis associated with inflamed intestine, etc.). Key aspects in prevention of severe organ failures and death in children with HLD are high awareness and early disease detection with timely therapy initiation and favourable outcome. Of the utmost importance in life-long therapy is compliance associated with the level of education and attention from family members. Keywords: hepatolenticular degeneration, children, diagnosis, therapy, outcomes.
A New Form of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Current Realias
Authors:   National Medical Research Centre of Children Health of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Davydova I.V. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Fisenko A.P. ,   National Medical Research Centre of Children Health of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Moscow, Russian Federation, Pozharischenskaya V.K. ,   National Medical Research Centre of Children Health of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Moscow, Russian Federation, Kazakova K.A. ,   National Medical Research Centre of Children Health of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Moscow, Russian Federation, Basargina E.Yu. ,   National Medical Research Centre of Children Health of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Moscow, Russian Federation, Bondar V.A. ,   National Medical Research Centre of Children Health of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2021

Study Objective: to analyse the dynamics in morbidity of the classic and New forms of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in children hospitalised to the National Medical Research Centre of Children Health during previous 8 years. Study Design: retrospective analysis of medical records. Materials and Methods. In 2012–2019, we analysed 369 cases of children with the new BPD and 231 cases of children with the classic disease. Study Results. The article contains the information on the 8-year observation demonstrating prevalence of the new BPD and describes disease characteristics and course in premature infants. The retrospective analysis of 2012–2019 data shows that the number of paediatric patients with the new BPD is gradually increasing. Whereas in 2012 the classic BPD prevailed (156 (68.4%) out of 228 children with confirmed diagnosis), later the new form accounted for more BPD cases (p < 0.05). According to information available, an equal ratio (50% for the classic form and 50% for the new form) is demonstrated in 2013, the period when the Russian Federation started using the live birth and dead birth criteria proposed by the World Health Organisation (WHO). Conclusion. Improved neonatal intensive care methods and transition of the Russian Federation to the WHO live birth and dead birth criteria in 2012 were pre-conditions for BPD pathomorphism. The of rate of the classic form in the Russian Federation has been decreasing year after year. It is essential to identify the long-term complications from the new BPD, especially functional capabilities of the respiratory tract in older patients with the history of disease. Study of the features and long-term complications from this new form is a burning issue of paediatric pulmonology and requires careful attention. Keywords: bronchopulmonary dysplasia, new form, classic form, premature infants.
A Clinical Case of Renal Angiomyolipoma Rupture during Pregnancy
Authors:   Regional Clinical Perinatal Center (a Government-funded Institution of Ryazan Region), Mamontova I.K. ,   Ryazan, Russian Federation, Shevlyakova T.V. ,   Regional Clinical Perinatal Center (a Government-funded Institution of Ryazan Region); Ryazan, Russian Federation, Devyatova I.N. ,   Regional Clinical Perinatal Center (a Government-funded Institution of Ryazan Region); Ryazan, Russian Federation
Published: January 2021

Objective of the Paper: To present a clinical case of renal angiomyolipoma rupture during pregnancy and describe the steps in its diagnosis and a treatment approach that led to a favorable clinical outcome. Key Points: Spontaneous rupture of the kidney is a rare condition with severe complications, especially during pregnancy. One possible cause of this condition is rupture of a renal tumor (angiomyolipoma), with pregnancy being a trigger for the tumor growth of this kind of neoplasm. Because it is rare, angiomyolipoma is most often detected incidentally during an examination. It is mainly diagnosed by renal ultrasound. This paper discusses the main characteristics of angiomyolipoma, describes a clinical case of this tumor in a pregnant woman, and provides information about a promising method for preventing angiomyolipoma proposed by foreign authors. Conclusion: Assessment of the urinary tract should be done routinely during one of the prenatal ultrasound screenings, as a preventive measure against urinary tract emergencies in pregnant women. Keywords: spontaneous rupture of the kidney, renal angiomyolipoma, pregnancy.
The Relationship of Rates and Causes of Stillbirth to Obstetric Facility Level
Authors:   Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology (a State Institution), Ministry of Health and Social Protection of the Republic of Tajikistan, Kamilova M.Ya. ,   Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, Dzhonmakhmadova P.A. ,   Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology (a State Institution), Ministry of Health and Social Protection of the Republic of Tajikistan; Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, Ishan-Khodzhaeva F.R. ,   Tambov City Clinical Hospital No. 3 (a Tambov Region Government-funded Healthcare Institution); Tambov, Russian Federation
Published: January 2021

Study Objective: To compare the rates and causes of stillbirth in level 2 and 3 obstetric institutions. Study Design: This was a retrospective group study. Materials and Methods: Statistical data and labor and delivery histories of women who experienced stillbirth and were admitted to obstetric facilities (two level 2 facilities and one level 3 facility) between January and June 2019 were reviewed. Retrospective analysis was done of their labor and delivery histories, and the cases of stillbirth were clinically analyzed, using the ReCoDe classification. Study Results: The frequency of stillbirth was higher in the level 3 hospital. Irrespective of the level of hospital, mortality in the antenatal period dominated (four out of six cases in the level 2 facilities and 104 out of 129 in the level 3 facility); it was more often due to congenital malformations in the level 2 facilities and to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) or placental insufficiency in the level 3 facility. In the level 3 hospital, the most common causes of intranatal fetal death included maternal (pre-eclampsia and extragenital diseases) and fetal (IUGR) disorders that developed before labor. The risk factors for stillbirth were inadequate quality of medical services and factors related to the woman or family, such as late registration for prenatal care, non-compliance with doctors’ recommendations, etc. Conclusion: The actual causes, as established in this study, of negligence leading to stillbirth demonstrate that there is potential for reducing perinatal mortality. Keywords: stillbirth, antenatal and intranatal fetal death, ReCoDe classification, causes of stillbirth, perinatal audit.
The Estrogen Component of Menopausal Hormone Therapy as a Preventive Strategy
Authors:   N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (a Federal Government Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Kozlov P.V. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2021

Objective of the Review: To discuss clinical and experimental research data, focused on some non-reproductive effects of estrogens and the role of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in ensuring women’s health during aging and preventing age-associated diseases. Key Points: Combination oral MHT is most effective in preventing cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus, when initiated during the menopause transition. Individually tailored regimens containing the bioidentical estrogen 17β-estradiol and dydrogesterone, a metabolically neutral gestagen, ensure highly safe MHT. Conclusion: Professional medical communities currently have no doubt about the need for early initiation of MHT, taking into account all indications and contraindications, for arresting menopausal disorders and prevention of metabolic and neurodegenerative conditions. Keywords: menopause, combination hormone therapy, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative conditions, metabolic syndrome.
Accès au premier traitement : apport d’un centre de prise en charge rapide
Authors: du Rouchet E. , Dendoncker C.
Published: January 2021

Pour une patiente porteuse d’un cancer du sein, l’accès au premier traitement comprend plusieurs étapes : établissement d’un diagnostic anatomopathologique, annonce et établissement du plan personnalisé de soins, bilans préthérapeutiques, accès au plateau technique. La durée du délai global de ce parcours intervient dans le pronostic de la maladie pour les stades précoces. De plus, il convient de gérer toutes les incertitudes, diagnostiques puis pronostiques, qui vont inévitablement bouleverser l’équilibre psychologique de la patiente. À la lumière des écrits, des recommandations et de l’expérience de plus de 20 ans d’un centre multidisciplinaire, les auteurs proposent une organisation de centre expert de prise en charge de la personne avec suspicion de cancer du sein, dans son intégralité somatique et psychique.
Data Driven Decision-Making (DDDM) for Business Leaders post COVID-19 Outbreak: A COSTA-webQDA Technique Proposition at 5th World Conference on Qualitative Research - 20/01/2021
Authors: Costa King
Published: January 2021

Business leaders with an aptitude for using data intelligibly will be able to perform better post COVID-19 outbreak era (McAfee & Brynjolfsson, 2012). Businesses can no longer ignore the role data plays in making crucial decisions about the next major step to be taken, particularly during the time of disaster or facing potential threats resulting from COVID-19 or similar occurrences. Data-informed decision-making will be beneficial to leaders who need to be at the vanguard of knowledge generation within the realm of ideation. COSTA Technique on the webQDA software provides organizations with cutting-edge technology using mix-media applications and web-based strategies to keep up with current trends, insights and multi-perspectival stakeholder analysis in real-time with high levels of efficiency and integrity. This talk will present ideas adapted to the capabilities framework developed by Jia, Hall and Song (2015), addressing five key dimensions in decision-making, such as data governance, data analytics, insights exploitation, performance management and data integration. Using the COSTA Model technique with webQDA, we will present how large volumes of textual data, also known and referred to as “big qualitative data” may be transformed into structured, coherent, meaningful and timely decision-making enablers.
Vezetői és beszállítói vélemények a mezőgazdaság és a turizmus összekapcsolódásának lehetőségeiről Zala megyében
Authors: Brljak Zoran , Kőmüves Zsolt , Vig Salma Stella
Published: January 2021

A rendszerváltást követően  magyarország ipari és mezőgazdasági termelése jelentősen visszaesett. Az elmúlt egy évtized folyamán a mutatók lassan újra emelkedni kezdtek a mezőgazdaság területén, elsősorban a kutatásnak, fejlesztésnek, a példaértékű nyugati mintáknak és az Uniós támogatásoknak köszönhetően. Jelentős szerepet töltenek be ebben a fellendülésbenzok a gazdálkodók, akik, termékeiket turisztikai vonzerővé képesek formálni. A termelők között egyre többen ismerték fel a gasztronómia és a borturizmus jelentőségét. Gondoljunk például a glokalizációra, amelynek lényege a globális áruk helyi környezethez való igazodás utáni újra lokálissá válása. Ilyen például napjainkban a hamburger, amely világszerte elterjedt és elérhetővé vált minden kontinensen, garantálva mindig ugyanazt az ismert ízvilágot. A termelők azonban egy idő után elkezdtek kísérletezni és különböző változatokat készítettek, amely széleskörű termékpalettát eredményezett a fent említett kategórián belül, és az egyre bővülő kínálati struktúrák is azt támasztják alá, hogy igény van ezekre az újításokra. Az újonnan létrejövő lokális értékekre építő éttermek, gasztro bárok és egyéb vendéglátó egységek vonzzák a turistákat, akik azért indulnak útnak, hogy kipróbálják a világban ismert ételek egyénileg újra gondolt, átformált verzióit, valamint helyi jellegzetességek hagyományok szerinti változatait, amelyek minden vidéken más és más ízvilágot képviselnek. Az urbanizálódott ember annyira elszokott az agrárkörnyezettől, hogy a termékek előállításán túl az állatok látványa is élményekkel tölti el, ígygazda megnyitotta kapuit a látogatók előtt. A legtöbb látványgazdaságban az állatok, a különféle kézműves élelmiszerek előállításának kipróbálása, a termékek vásárlási lehetősége adja a hozzáadott értéket, de van, ahol ezek mellett falusias környezetben biztosítanak szállást a feltöltődni vágyó turistáknak. A fentebb leírtakat figyelembe véve kutatásunk céljaként tűztük ki, hogy részletes vizsgálatok segítségével feltárjuk a mezőgazdaság valamint a turizmus kapcsolatából adódó kiaknázott és kiaknázatlan lehetőségeket, mintegy perspektívát adva a téma iránt érdeklődő olvasók számára.
ORTAOKULDA ÖĞRENCİLERE VE ÖĞRETMENLERİNE GÖRE MEKÂNSAL DÜŞÜNME BECERİLERİ
Authors: GÖNÜLAÇAR Hasan , ÖZTÜRK Mustafa
Published: January 2021

Sosyal Bilgiler dersinde coğrafya disiplini ile öğrencilerin yaşadığı mekânı doğru tanımaları ve ondan bilinçli yararlanmaları amaçlanır. Bu amaç için mekânsal düşünme becerilerinin ortaokul eğitiminin ilk yılından itibaren kazandırılması önem taşır. Bu çalışmada bir ortaokuldaki 5. ve 8. sınıf öğrencileri ile Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmenlerinin mekânsal düşünme becerileri hakkındaki görüşleri ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Nitel araştırma tasarımlarından durum çalışmasının kullanıldığı bu çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak Gönülaçar tarafından hazırlanan etkinlik temelli testin sonuçlarına göre belirlenen on sekiz öğrenci ve iki Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmeniyle gerçekleştirilen yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmeler kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, ortaokul öğrencilerinin harita okuma, konum, mekânı algılama becerilerinin yeterince gelişmediği, buna karşın gözlem, doğal ve teknolojik yön bulma becerilerinin nispeten geliştiği görülmüştür. Öğretmenlerin ise bu becerileri geliştirmeye yönelik ders işleme yöntem ve tekniklerine uzak oldukları ve beceri öğretmeye dönük olarak sadece sınıf içi teknolojik aletleri işe koştukları ve sınıf dışı etkinliklere mesafeli yaklaştıkları tespit edilmiştir.
CUMHURİYETİN İLK YILLARINDA AZINLIK VE YABANCI OKULLARINDA TARİH VE COĞRAFYA DERSİNİN YERİ
Authors: VURGUN Ahmet , PAMUK Akif
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmada, Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında azınlık ve yabancı okullarındaki tarih ve coğrafya dersinin durumunu ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın temel kaynağını Maarif Vekâleti tarafından 1925 yılında yayınlanan müfredat programı oluşturur. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarihsel araştırmanın kullanıldığı çalışmanın verileri, doküman incelemesi yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Nihayetinde doküman incelemesi ile elde edilen bilgiler, betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmanın bulgularını, tarih ve coğrafya dersinin bu okulların hangi seviye ve sınıflarında yer aldığı ve içerikleri oluşturmuştur. Bulgulardan hareketle, azınlık ve yabancı okullarının ibtidai (ilk) ve tali (orta) olmak üzere iki derecede eğitim-öğretim faaliyetlerinde bulunduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Beş sınıftan oluşan ibtidai kısımda ve altı sınıftan oluşan tali kısımda, Türkiye Tarihi ve Türkiye Coğrafyası dersleri son iki yıl okutulmuştur. Bu çalışmadan, Türkiye’de Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarındaki eğitim politikaları ile tarih ve coğrafya dersinin bu politikalardaki yeri hakkında fikir edinilmektedir. Ayrıca derslerin içeriğinden hareketle, Cumhuriyetin kimlik inşa etme ve vatandaş yetiştirme politikalarına ülke içindeki azınlık ve yabancı okullarına devam eden öğrencileri de dahil etme isteği açıkça görülmektedir.
Readiness and Understanding of Tourism Industries in ‎The Development of Halal Tourism in Aceh Province
Authors: Sartiyah Sartiyah
Published: January 2021

The development of halal tourism requires readiness in various factors such as access, communication, environment, and services. The research was carried out in three district Aceh Province, namely in Banda Aceh City, Aceh Besar District, and Sabang City as tourism base areas. This research sample as many as 50 hotel business actors, 50 culinary delights, and 26 tourist objects, a total of 126 tourism business actors. Data analysis uses Binner Logit Regression, to determine the opportunities for tourism actors who are ready and not ready for halal tourism in the development of halal tourism in Aceh Province. The results showed that Accessibility, Communication, and Services had a positive effect on the development of halal tourism, while environmental factors do not affect the development of halal tourism in Aceh Province. Of all the factors, only services in tourism have high readiness and opportunities in influencing the development of halal tourism in Aceh Province.
Construction Of Financial Funding Models Of Batik MSMEs In Central Java Oriented To Cost And Benefit Of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility)
Authors: Amboningtyas Dheasey
Published: January 2021

Research on the construction of the financial financing model for batik MSMEs in Central Java which is oriented towards the value of the cost and benefit of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) aims to see the extent to which the implementation of the cost and benefit value of CSR on batik MSMEs in Central Java, especially on three research objects. Among others: Laweyan batik, Lasem batik and Pekalongan batik. This is based on, maybe if we look at industry or large-scale companies, of course the cost and benefits they usually appear in every financial report at the end of each year. Meanwhile, for MSMEs to determine the implementation of the cost and benefit value, it has a tremendous impact on the survival of MSMEs. This research was conducted to determine that this research was conducted on a financial financing model for batik MSMEs which is oriented to the value of the cost and benefit of CSR. Data were collected using purposive sampling according to the criteria for determining the sample in 3 research objects. Whether it's in the batik area of ​​Laweyan, Lasem, and Pekalongan MSMEs. The analysis technique used is Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis to test the hypothesis with a quantitative approach. The results of the study show that efforts to increase the construction of financial funding at the UMKM Kampung Batik Laweyan Solo, Kampoeng Batik LasemRembang and Kampoeng Batik KaumanPekalongan by implementing cost and benefits CSR are carried out by implementing social activities such as processing waste products , reducing harmful chemicals in the process. batik production, participate in environmental protection activities
Strategy of automation of electric arc heating of steel melt in ladle-furnaceStrategy of automation of electric arc heating of steel melt in ladle-furnaceStrategy of automation of electric arc heating of steel melt in ladle-furnace
Authors: Agapitov E. B. , Lemeshko M. A. , Sokolova M. S.
Published: January 2021

Prices hike for consumable materials and energy carriers, increase of requirements to steel quality stipulate the items of intensification of ladle treatment processes and decrease of their energy- and material capacity. Analysis of energy losses in ladlefurnace accomplished, as well as basic factors effecting the energy costs during treatment analyzed. A methodology elaborated for making thermal balance of ladle-furnace: it was proposed to present the melt treatment process in ladle-furnace as a series of separate operations, each having specific features of the process (heating, desulphurization, alloying) and their combination. Based on analysis of 20 thousand heats passports at ladle-furnace of MMK BOF shop, a mathematical model of energy supply system of ladle-furnace was elaborated. Based on the analysis made, a strategy of heating automation was proposed. In particular, electric losses were emphasized, t. e. total losses of electric arc energy, in which provisionally losses at arc open part radiation were included. Control of those flows creates conditions for heating efficiency increase. Conclusions were made that decrease of electric losses is observed at prolonged (about 8−12 min) heating periods and sufficient amount of slag, as well as at injection of additives after heating. Such a mode provides decrease of thermal losses by 4−5%. A new technology of steel melt treatment in ladle-furnace was proposed, characterized by decreased consumption of electric energy.
Study of rail steel alloying by chrome and vanadium effect on dissociation of overcooled austenite
Authors: Kozyrev N. A. , Polevoi E. V. , Shevchenko R. A. , Simonov Yu. N. , Mikhno A. R.
Published: January 2021

To determine weldability and quality of a rail welded joint, information on kinetics of the rail steel overcooled austenite transformation is high importance. Thermo-kinetic diagrams of overcooled austenite dissociation of steels Э76ХФ, Э76ХАФ and Э76Ф, built based on results of dilatometric, metal science and durometric tests of rail steel samples. It was shown, that increase of chrome content in steels Э76Ф and Э76ХФ composition from 0.09 to 0.39% results in expanding of dissociation area of overcooled austenite at temperature scale for ferrite-cementite mixture and increasing of resistivity of the overcooled austenite against dissociation in the area of ferrite-cementite mixture formation. This can be characterized as decrease of critical quenching velocity from 100 to 30 °С/sec. It enables to obtain structural states of higher hardness at cooling with velocities in the area of 0.1−30 °С/sec. It was established, that increase of vanadium content from 0.04 to 0.07% does not cause quality changes at the thermo-kinetic diagram of overcooled austenite dissociation. However, it known, that vanadium is a strong carbide-formation element, which combines with carbon at low cooling velocities and removes it out of the solid solution. Due to this effect, sample of steel Э76ХФ with lower vanadium content at cooling with velocities from 0.1 to 10 °С/sec, had somewhat higher hardness level comparing with steel Э76ХАФ sample. Increase of chrome content in alloy content results in an increase of temperature of austenite formation completion at heating from 760 to 774 °С, while the temperature of martensitic transformation commencement at that remains practically unchanged at the level of 230 °С. In steels Э76ХФ and Э76ХАФ in the chemistry of which chrome was added in the amount of 0.37−0.39%, after cooling with velocities of 1 °С/sec and lower, apart from ferrite-carbide mixture of perlite type, formation of redundant ferrite with a volume share of 4−5% was observed as a result of overcooled austenite dissociation. However, in a steel Э76Ф sample, the content of which has chrome at the level of 0.09% at close content of carbon, after cooling in an analogue range of velocities, a ferritecarbide mixture of perlite type is formed with a slight trace of redundant ferrite in the structure as a result of overcooled austenite dissociation.
Pengaruh Strategi Pemasaran dan Promosi terhadap Minat Beli Pelanggan pada PT Kresna Reksa Finance Pamulang Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Rahayu Suharni
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  untuk mengetahui strategi pemasaran, promosi dan minat beli konsumen di PT. Kresna Reksa Finance.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan asosiatif, adapun teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah proporsional random sampling menggunakan metode teknik sensus atau sampling jenuh dengan sampel sebanyak 75 responden. Alat analisis menggunakan pengujian instrumen, pengujian asumsi klasik, pengujian regresi, pengujian koefisien korelasi dan koefisien determinasi serta pengujian hipotesis.Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan antara stretegi pemasaran dan promosi terhadap minat beli konsumen, Tingkat pengaruh atau kekuatan hubungannya secara stimultan sebesar 0,690 atau kuat dengan kontribusi pengaruh sebesar 0,476 atau 47,6% sedangkan sisanya sebesar 52,5% dipengaruhi faktor lain. Pengujian hipotesis diperoleh F hitung > F tabel  (32,655 > 2,730) dengan demikian H0 ditolak dan H3 diterima, artinya terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan secara simultan stretegi pemasaran dan promosi terhadap minat beli konsumen di PT.Kresna Reksa Finance..Kata Kunci : Strategi Pemasaran, Promosi, Minat Beli Konsumen.
Pengaruh Nilai Investasi, Tenaga Kerja dan Pengeluaran Pemerintah terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia Periode 1999-2019
Authors: Ganar Yulian Bayu , Zulfitra Zulfitra , Sampurnaningsih Sri Retnaning
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji pengaruh variable Penanaman Modal Asing (PMA), Penanaman Modal dalam Negeri (PMDN), Tenaga Kerja (AK) dan Pengeluaran Pemerintah (EXPD) memiliki pengaruh baik secara individu maupun simultan terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia (PDB)  periode 1999-2019.  Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah, uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi berganda, pengujian hipotesis, dan koefisien determinasi dengan taraf signifikan  5% menggunakan program SPSS for Windows Version 23. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Secara parsial didapat bahwa variabel  Penanaman Modal Asing (PMA) berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap  Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia (PDB), Tenaga Kerja (AK) berpengaruh signifikan negative terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia (PDB), Penanaman Modal dalam Negeri (PMDN) serta Pengeluaran Pemerintah (EXPD) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap  Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia (PDB), dan hasil penelitian ini jugamenunjukkan bahwa besar pengaruh variabel independen yaitu PMA, PMDN, AK dan EXPD terhadap variabel dependen yaitu  PDB adalah sebesar 80,4%. Kata Kunci: PMA, PMDN, AK, EXPD, PDB