bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Warehouses on wheels
Authors: Orenstein Dara
Published: May 2018

A typical depiction of a logistics corporation is a study in bright lights and blurred lines against a static landscape of territorial sovereignty. It celebrates—as in the slogan touted by the freight-carrier DHL—“logistics without borders.” This article demystifies that promise of borderlessness by explaining how the nation-state has played a lead role in facilitating the circulation of capital and in making the world safe for logistics. Specifically, I revisit two underappreciated milestones in the history of the United States: first, how Congress followed in the path of the British Empire and, in 1846, authorized the spatial form of the bonded warehouse; and second, how it went further and, in 1870, supplemented the bonded warehouse with a bonded railcar, or “warehouse on wheels.” The latter step in particular, I argue, laid a foundation for the networked geography of supply-chain capitalism. Congress permitted the bonded railcar to bypass customs clearance at ports on the seacoast and to move “directly” to ports in the interior. This protocol helped merchants expedite deliveries and generate liquidity via duty deferral, and, equally if not more importantly, it helped boosters on the urban frontiers of the Great West lure investment and spur development via the world market. What was “radical” about this innovation, as commentators noted at the time, was that it mobilized not only commodity capital but also, in effect, the national border.
“We can’t do anything”: The experiences of students with visual impairments in physical education classes in Brazil
Authors: Tanure Alves Maria Luíza , Haegele Justin A , Duarte Edison
Published: May 2018

Inclusion is a subjective experience related to sense of belonging and acceptance. In this way, the specific nature of a disability can have particular implications on the obstacles one experiences in physical education. Thus, the main objective of this study was to investigate the experiences of students with visual impairments in physical education classes in Brazil from an individual and subjective perspective. Eight students with visual impairments (five female students and three male students) between 13 and 18 years participated in the study. Interviews, which utilized a semi-structured interview guide, were used to obtain important information from the students. Interview transcripts were analyzed by the content analysis technique. Results revealed two main themes: (1) participation and (2) social interaction. Exclusion from physical education activities was omnipresent among the experiences of students with visual impairments. Physical education teachers did not recognize physical education classes as a place for student with visual impairments.
Receptor Visionaries
Authors: Wade Nicholas J.
Published: May 2018

Sensory receptors were described and illustrated after they had been observed with the aid of microscopes. Most descriptions were made in the 19th century after the introduction of achromatic lenses in microscopes. In some senses (like vision), receptors were named according to their morphology whereas in others (like touch), they are known by the names of those who initially described them. Illustrations of the receptors from original sources are here combined with portraits of their originators.
Platelet-Rich Plasma Releasate Promotes Regeneration and Decreases Inflammation and Apoptosis of Injured Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Tsai Wen-Chung , Yu Tung-Yang , Chang Gwo-Jyh , Lin Li-Ping , Lin Miao-Sui , Pang Jong-Hwei S.
Published: May 2018

Background:

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains various cytokines and growth factors that may be beneficial to the healing process of injured muscle. Based on the authors’ previous study, PRP releasate can promote proliferation and migration of skeletal muscle cells in vitro, so animal studies are performed to support the use of PRP to treat muscle injury in vivo.

Purpose:

To investigate the effect of PRP releasate on regeneration of injured muscle, as well as its effect on inflammatory reaction and cell apoptosis, in the early stages of the muscle-healing process.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

The gastrocnemius muscles of Sprague-Dawley rats were injured by partial transverse incision and then treated with PRP releasate. Hematoxylin and eosin stain was used to evaluate the healing process of injured muscle at 2, 5, and 10 days after injury. TUNEL assay was used to evaluate the cell apoptosis of injured muscle after PRP releasate treatment. Immunohistochemistry was used to stain the CD68-positive cells during the healing process. Muscle contractile properties, including fast-twitch and tetanic strength, were evaluated by electric stimulation.

Results:

The results revealed that PRP releasate treatment could enhance the muscle-healing process and decrease CD68-positive cells and apoptotic cells. Furthermore, the tetanic strength was significantly higher in injured muscle treated with PRP releasate.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, PRP releasate could enhance the healing process of injured muscle and decrease inflammatory cell infiltration as well as cell apoptosis.

Clinical Relevance:

PRP promotes skeletal muscle healing in association with decreasing inflammation and apoptosis of injured skeletal muscle. These findings provide in vivo evidence to support the use of PRP to treat muscle injury.
Process comparison on the microstructure and mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced polyphenylene sulfide using MuCell technology
Authors: Lohr Christoph , Beck Björn , Henning Frank , Weidenmann Kay André , Elsner Peter
Published: May 2018

The MuCell process is a special injection molding process which utilizes supercritical gas (nitrogen) to create integral foam sandwiches. The advantages are lower weight, higher specific properties and shorter cycle times. In this study, a series of glass fiber-reinforced polyphenylene sulfide foam blanks are manufactured using the MuCell injection molding process. The different variations of the process (low-pressure also known as structural foam injection molding) and high-pressure foam injection molding (also known as “core back expansion,” “breathing mold,” “precision opening,” decompression molding) are used. The sandwich structure and mechanical properties (tensile strength, bending strength, and impact behavior) of the microcellular and glass fiber-reinforced polyphenylene sulfide foams are systematically investigated and compared to compact material. The results showed that the injection parameters (injection speed, foaming mechanism) played an important role in the relative density of microcellular polyphenylene sulfide foams and the mechanical properties. It could be shown that the specific tensile strength decreased while increasing the degree of foaming which can be explained by the increased number of cells and the resulting cell size. This leads to stress peaks which lower the mechanical properties. The Charpy impact strength shows a significant dependence on the fiber orientation. The specific bending modulus of the high-pressure foaming process, however, surpasses the values of the other two processes showing the potential of this manufacturing variation especially with regard to bending loads. Furthermore, a high dependence of the mechanical properties on the fiber orientation of the tested specimens can be found.
No Permanent Friends, No Permanent Enemies: Agonistic Ethos, Tactical Coalitions, and Sustainable Infrastructure
Authors: Trapenberg Frick Karen
Published: May 2018

Turbulent debates between divergent actors are part of the fiber of planning. One manifestation of tensions is the emergence of tactical coalitions with citizens finding common ground across the political divide. This article seeks to theorize such coalition formation for which planning scholarship is sparse. Drawing from agonism, other scholarship, and three U.S. cases of sustainable infrastructure, I develop a typology of tactical coalitions based on their level of strategic interaction, duration, and transformation. This research and theorization provides compelling evidence that polarized citizens connect in agonistic and deliberative ways outside of formal planning processes and have influence in decision making.
Household Implementation of Smoke-Free Rules in Homes and Cars: A Focus on Adolescent Smoking Behavior and Secondhand Smoke Exposure
Authors: Parks Michael J. , Kingsbury John H. , Boyle Raymond G. , Evered Sharrilyn
Published: May 2018

Purpose:

This study addresses the dearth of population-based research on how comprehensive household smoke-free rules (ie, in the home and car) relate to tobacco use and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure among adolescents.

Design:

Analysis of 2014 Minnesota Youth Tobacco Survey.

Setting:

Representative sample of Minnesota youth.

Participants:

A total of 1287 youth who lived with a smoker.

Measures:

Measures included household smoke-free rules (no rules, partial rules—home or car, but not both—and comprehensive rules), lifetime and 30-day cigarette use, 30-day cigarette and other product use, and SHS exposure in past 7 days in home and car.

Analysis:

Weighted multivariate logistic, zero-inflated Poisson, and zero-inflated negative binomial regressions were used.

Results:

Compared to comprehensive rules, partial and no smoke-free rules were significantly and positively related to lifetime cigarette use (respectively, adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.24-2.61; AOR = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.93-4.25), and a similar significant pattern was found for 30-day cigarette use (respectively, AOR = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.21-4.02; AOR = 2.45, 95% CI = 1.34-4.50). No smoke-free rules significantly predicted using cigarettes and other tobacco products compared to comprehensive rules. In both descriptive and regression analyses, we found SHS exposure rates in both the home and car were significantly lower among youth whose household implemented comprehensive smoke-free rules.

Conclusions:

Comprehensive smoke-free rules protect youth from the harms of caregiver tobacco use. Relative to both partial and no smoke-free rules, comprehensive smoke-free rules have a marked impact on tobacco use and SHS exposure among youth who live with a smoker. Health promotion efforts should promote comprehensive smoke-free rules among all households and particularly households with children and adolescents.
Movement, Materiality, and the Mortuary: Adopting Go-Along Ethnography in Research on Fetal and Neonatal Postmortem
Authors: Reed Kate , Ellis Julie
Published: May 2018

This article explores the use of the go-along method in research that takes place “behind closed doors” drawing on qualitative research on postmortem imaging. Often favored in community and urban studies, go-along consists of mobile interviews and observations with respondents in their own environments. We conducted go-alongs with various professionals—from pathologists to hospital chaplains—in a range of settings. We also tracked different forms of materiality in and out of the mortuary space. As the article seeks to show, go-along allowed us to appreciate the complex and mobile nature of postmortem, situating it within the wider landscape of bereavement and memorialization. It also enabled us to illuminate the ways in which the mortuary as a place cannot be fixed “indoors,” but rather, is continually remade through different types of practice. Our analysis emphasizes the value of using go-alongs in indoor settings, and further reinforces a fluid conceptualization of place.
“Objection, Your Honor”: Use of Social Media by Civilians to Challenge the Criminal Justice System
Authors: Lev-On Azi , Steinfeld Nili
Published: May 2018

Social media constitute useful and effective platforms for miscarriage of justice campaigners to challenge state authorities and decisions taken by the criminal justice system. To characterize such endeavors, this study analyzes the activity in such a major group dedicated to the murder case of Tair Rada and the trial of Roman Zadorov, one of the most controversial legal cases in Israel’s history. Using digital data extraction and linguistic analysis tools, we focus on five themes: (1) the central role of group administrators in directing the discourse and setting the group agenda; (2) correspondence of group activity with off-line events and mainstream media coverage; (3) skewed distribution of post publications per user and engagement measures per post; (4) prominent topics in group discussions, revolving around key figures, institutions and officials, making justice, considering alternative theories and examining investigative and forensic materials; and (5) the framing of key figures, institutions, and values in portraying a somewhat dichotomous image of a corrupted justice system, an innocent man wrongly convicted and a Facebook group in the search for the truth.
Collaborative Network Governance Framework for Aligning Open Justice and e-Justice Ecosystems for Greater Public Value
Authors: Chatfield Akemi Takeoka , Reddick Christopher G.
Published: May 2018

An ecosystem is a complex system of interdependent subsystems. The disjointed open justice ecosystem and the e-justice ecosystem, if they fail to coevolve and adapt to changing environments, contribute to the conundrum of understanding enablers and inhibitors for public value creation. Drawing on the formal system theory and the literature review, we developed a collaborative network governance framework for aligning ecosystems and creating public value. This framework is applied to guide case study research to identify enablers and inhibitors of strategic alignment and public value creation in the Federal Court of Australia context. We found evidence for collaborative network governance in facilitating court judges and practitioners to assimilate e-justice subsystems in open justice practice, with impacts on enhanced operational efficiency and service level. These realized economic and social values in turn provided the federal court with political return on investments in digital transformation of the court services and the legitimacy of open justice practice.
Bricolage as Survival, Growth and Transformation: The Role of Patch-Working in the Social Agency of Migrant Entrepreneurs
Authors: Villares-Varela María , Ram Monder , Jones Trevor
Published: May 2018

This article examines the patch-working strategies of migrant entrepreneurs as a form of social agency. ‘Patch-working’ – the reliance on supplementary forms of income to support business activity – is often seen as a means of cushioning the financial vulnerability of small firms. However, the mechanisms and forms that patch-working takes tend to be overlooked. Evidence from 42 West Midlands’ firms shows that, despite the highly constrained operating environment, the exercise of social agency can help to cushion against disadvantage and to rework their current conditions through patch-working. This allows for business growth, and even transformational growth in some cases, rather than sheer survival. Even so, our findings show that the agency of migrant entrepreneurs brings about only minor improvements in revenue and is certainly not capable of fundamentally changing either the nature of the sector or the structure of the labour market in which they are embedded.
Coupled thermal and mechanical analyses of micro-milling Inconel 718
Authors: Lu Xiaohong , Wang Hua , Jia Zhenyuan , Feng Yixuan , Liang Steven Y
Published: May 2018

Micro-milling forces, cutting temperature, and thermal–mechanical coupling are the key research topics about the mechanism of micro-milling nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718. Most current analyses of thermal–mechanical coupling in micro-milling are based on finite element or experimental methods. The simulation is not conducive to revealing the micro-milling mechanism, while the results of experiments are only valid for certain machine tool and workpiece material. Few analytical coupling models of cutting force and cutting temperature during micro-milling process have been proposed. Therefore, the authors studied coupled thermal–mechanical analyses of micro-milling Inconel 718 and presented a revised three-dimensional analytical model of micro-milling forces, which considers the effects of the cutting temperature and the ploughing force caused by the arc of cutting edge during shear-dominant cutting process. Then, an analytical cutting temperature model based on Fourier’s law is presented by regarding the contact area as a moving finite-length heat source. Coupling calculation between micro-milling force model and temperature model through an iterative process is conducted. The novelty is including cutting temperature into micro-milling force model, which simulates the interaction between cutting force and cutting temperature during micro-milling process. The established model predicts both micro-milling force and temperature. Finally, experiments are conducted to verify the accuracy of the proposed analytical method. Based on the coupled thermal–mechanical analyses and experimental results, the authors reveal the effects of cutting parameters on micro-milling forces and temperature.
Entropy generation of tangent hyperbolic nanofluid flow past a stretched permeable cylinder: Variable wall temperature
Authors: Mahdy A
Published: May 2018

Numerical computations are presented to scrutinize the entropy analysis in a steady magneto-hydrodynamic non-Newtonian tangent hyperbolic nanofluid regime adjacent to an accelerating stretching cylinder manifested with variable wall temperature. Some of the different water-regular nanofluids involving Cu, Ag, Al2O3, and TiO2 have been addressed. Both the motion governing equations and the equation of entropy generation are formulated in cylindrical coordinates. Similar scaling transformation has been chosen to mutate the governing equations into ordinary differential equations system. Then the resulting ordinary differential equations are solved numerically via the implicit finite difference Keller box. In order to comprehend the flow behavior nearby the cylinder surface, the impacts of such different parameters on entropy generation number, velocity, and temperature distributions have been analyzed in detail. As it is noticed, the temperature distribution represents a decreasing function of mixed convection parameter while an opposite trends are given for nanoparticle volume fraction, curvature, and magnetic field parameters. Additionally, the entropy generation number is an increasing function of the Reynolds number, curvature, and mixed convection parameters, whereas it reduces with magnetic field parameter. The given numerical computations have been validated by a comparison with already published literature, which supports our present developed model.
Modeling of unsteady aerodynamic characteristics at high angles of attack
Authors: Hao Dong , Zhang Lin , Yu Jing , Mao Daiyong
Published: May 2018

An improved model to express the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics at high angles of attack is presented in this paper. The proposed aerodynamic model is expressed on the basis of a progressive state-space representation and Taylor’s series expansion. The state-space expression is a first-order differential equation in which the power item of the angular rate of attack is introduced. The unsteady aerodynamic coefficients are described by Taylor’s series expansion in terms of input variables. The approach of minimum mean square error criterion is utilized to identify the unknown parameters of the proposed model by nonlinear least square method from the tunnel data. The given modeling method is experimentally demonstrated by the wind tunnel measurements of NACA 0015 airfoil with constant rate to high angles of attack, F18 aircraft with constant pitch rate ramp motion, and F18 HARV (high alpha research vehicle) configuration with large-amplitude harmonic oscillatory. The results show that it is possible to analyze more complex unsteady aerodynamic problems for an aircraft within the framework of the proposed aerodynamic model and the represented model is directly amenable to the simulation and control system design.
Preconception antiphospholipid antibodies and risk of subsequent early pregnancy loss
Authors: Gibbins K J , Mumford S L , Sjaarda L A , Branch D W , Perkins N J , Ye A , Schisterman E F , Silver R M
Published: May 2018

Objectives

To prospectively estimate the association of preconception antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) with subsequent pregnancy loss using a cohort design. aPL have been associated with recurrent early pregnancy loss (EPL) prior to 10 weeks in previous case-control studies. Prospective ascertainment of pregnancy loss is challenging, as most women do not seek care prior to EPL.

Methods

Secondary analysis of the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction trial of preconception low-dose aspirin. Preconception anticardiolipin (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein-I (a-β2-I) were assessed in 1208 women with one or two prior pregnancy losses and no more than two prior live births. Comparison cohorts were defined by positive aPL (+aPL) or negative aPL (–aPL) status. All women were followed for six menstrual cycles while trying to conceive; if successful, they underwent an ultrasound at 6–7 weeks’ gestation. EPL was defined as loss prior to 10 weeks’ gestation; embryonic loss was loss after visualization of an embryo but prior to 10 weeks; clinical loss was any loss after visualization of an embryo (with or without fetal cardiac activity detected).

Results

In total, 14/1208 (1%) tested positive for +aPL. 786/1208 (65%) women had positive human chorionic gonadotropin during the study period, of which 9/786 (1%) had +aPL. Of the 786 pregnant women, 589 (75%) had live births and 24% had pregnancy losses. Women with +aPL experienced EPL at similar rates as women with –aPL, 44% vs 21% (aRR 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.5–10.9). Embryonic loss was more common in women with +aCL IgM (aRR 4.8, 95% CI 1.0–23.0) and in women with two positive aPL. Clinical pregnancy loss was more common in women with positive a-β2-I IgM (50% vs 16.5%, aRR 3.7, 95% CI 1.3–10.8).

Conclusion

Positive levels of aPL are rare in women with one or two prior pregnancy losses and are not clearly associated with an increased rate of subsequent loss.

Clinical trial registration

The original source study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (#NCT00467363).
Early symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) recalled by 339 SLE patients
Authors: Leuchten N , Milke B , Winkler-Rohlfing B , Daikh D , Dörner T , Johnson S R , Aringer M
Published: May 2018

Objective

The European League Against Rheumatism and the American College of Rheumatology jointly embarked on a new classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) project. Its first phase involved generation of a broad set of items potentially useful for classification of SLE. This study was undertaken to add the patient perspective to an expert Delphi approach and an early patient cohort study.

Methods

A national cross-sectional study was conducted. A self-report questionnaire was published in the “Schmetterling” (Butterfly), the quarterly journal of the German SLE patient association. Individuals with SLE were asked to anonymously complete the questionnaire, which asked for demographic details, organ manifestations, autoantibodies and symptoms.

Results

A total of 339 completed questionnaires out of 2498 were returned, a response rate of 13.6%; 83.2% reported they were ANA positive and 81.7% reported joint, 66.1% skin and 33.0% renal involvement. For the time before and in the first year after their SLE diagnosis, the majority reported fatigue (89.4%), joint pain (86.7%), photosensitivity (79.4%) and myalgia (76.1%). Of interest, more than half of the patients reported fever as an early symptom (53.7%).

Conclusion

For a Caucasian European SLE patient population, the overall characteristics suggest meaningful representation. While many symptoms were reported as expected, the high percentage of patients reporting fever and the significant number of patients with unexpected gastrointestinal complaints are of particular interest. These data add to the information on early SLE symptoms informing the development process of new SLE classification criteria.
Reduced-order analysis of an oil-fuel furnace vibration and comparison with the finite element method
Authors: Zhou Hao , Meng Sheng , Mo Chunhong , Wang Lujun , Hu Xiukui , Chen Can , Huo Suoshan , Xu Peng , Huang Yan , Cen Kefa
Published: May 2018

Thermoacoustic oscillation occurs in modern industrial furnaces, gas turbines, and liquid rockets. However, the thermoacoustic prediction tools for furnaces vibration are less developed. This paper presents a one-dimensional (1D) linear acoustic approach to analyze the three-dimensional acoustic modes of a 660 MWe oil-fuel furnace. The interaction between the flame and acoustic field is described with the flame transfer function. The global time delay is evaluated through a Reynolds averaged simulation. The results of the 1D acoustic approach are compared with real furnace test data. The unstable modes are close to the natural modes of the furnace, and the 30 Hz in the longitudinal mode is the strongest vibration frequency. The effects of inlet length reduction and separation plate removal are also examined. When the separation plates are removed, the time lag of flame in response to inlet flow decreases from 52.5 milliseconds (ms) to 43.8 ms. The results of the 1D approach and finite element method (FEM) show a same safe operation window. The reduced-order procedure and FEM adopted in this study give us a solution to mitigate the vibration in the furnace.
Restructuring Restaurant Work: Employer Responses to Local Labor Standards in the Full-Service Restaurant Industry
Authors: Lester T. William
Published: May 2018

Recent research shows that increasing the minimum wage does not result in significant job losses. Yet, there is still uncertainty as to how higher labor standards may reshape employment practices within firms. This article directly examines employer responses to higher labor standards through a qualitative case comparison of the full-service restaurant industry across two fundamentally different institutional settings: San Francisco—with the nation’s highest minimum wage and related mandates—and North Carolina’s Research Triangle region. Evidence shows that higher labor standards led to wage compression even while some employers offered higher benefits to reduce turnover. San Francisco employers seek higher-skilled, more professional workers, rather than invest in formal in-house training, and find better matches. Yet, higher-wage mandates have exacerbated the wage gap between occupations, and some employers have responded by radically restructuring industry compensation practices by adding service charges and eliminating tipping.
Bevacizumab-induced atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and treatment with eculizumab
Authors: Vakiti Anusha , Singh Daulath , Pilla Ravi , Alhaj-Moustafa Muhamad , Fitzpatrick Kelly W
Published: May 2018

Bevacizumab (Avastin) is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody used for the management of various solid malignancies including colorectal, lung, brain, renal, and ovarian cancers as well as age-related macular degeneration of the eye. It is a vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor which exhibits its action by blocking the growth of blood vessels in cancerous tissue. Common side effects include hypertension, fatigue, headaches, and increased risk of infections. Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome is a serious side effect associated with bevacizumab due to its anti-angiogenic effect. It encompasses the clinical triad of thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and acute renal failure, without any association with Shiga toxins. Eculizumab is a terminal complement inhibitor used in the treatment of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Herein, we present three cases of bevacizumab-induced atypical hemolytic syndrome treated successfully with eculizumab.
Comparison of the incidence of febrile neutropenia in obese and normal weight breast cancer patients receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy and prophylactic pegfilgrastim
Authors: Collins Jennifer M , Fleming Gini F , Christ Trevor N
Published: May 2018

Purpose

Common breast cancer chemotherapy regimens are associated with a risk of febrile neutropenia, so prophylactic colony-stimulating factors are incorporated for high-risk patients. Filgrastim utilizes weight-based dosing; however, its sustained-release formulation utilizes fixed dosing. The purpose of this study is to determine whether obese breast cancer patients who receive pegfilgrastim are at increased risk of developing febrile neutropenia.

Methods

This study is a single-center, retrospective chart review. Breast cancer patients were categorized as normal weight (body mass index < 30), overweight (body mass index 30–39), or obese (body mass index ≥ 40).

Results

A total of 442 eligible patients were identified between 1 July 2012 and 19 May 2016. Twenty-eight were included in the obese group. Twenty-eight patients from each non-obese group were randomly selected to make up the overweight and normal weight groups. Incidence of febrile neutropenia was 1, 2, and 2 of 28 in the normal weight, overweight, and obese research groups, respectively. Increased use of antibiotics was observed in the obese group as compared to the normal and overweight groups (2, 1, 1, respectively; p = 0.0005). Median number of days on antibiotics was statistically significantly higher in the obese group at 10 days compared to the normal and overweight groups at seven days ( p = 0.03).

Conclusion

Obese patients are not at increased risk of febrile neutropenia. However, they may have a lower threshold for febrile neutropenia and require more antibiotics after chemotherapy. Clinical significance of these results cannot be determined given the small sample size, so further multicenter studies are required.
On renormalized solutions for thermomechanical problems in perfect plasticity with damping forces
Authors: Bartczak Leszek , Owczarek Sebastian
Published: May 2018

We consider the quasi-static evolution of the thermo-plasticity model in which the evolution equation law for the inelastic strain is given by the Prandtl–Reuss flow rule. The thermal part of the Cauchy stress tensor is not linearized in the neighbourhood of a reference temperature. This nonlinear thermal part is imposed to add a damping term to the balance of the momentum, which can be interpreted as external forces acting on the material. In general, the dissipation term occurring in the heat equation is an integrable function only and the standard methods can not be applied. Combining truncation techniques and Boccardo-Gallouët approach with monotone methods, we prove an existence of renormalized solutions.
Effects of the incorporation of cantaloupe pulp in yogurt: Physicochemical, phytochemical and rheological properties
Authors: Kermiche F , Boulekbache –Makhlouf L , Félix M , Harkat-Madouri L , Remini H , Madani K , Romero A
Published: May 2018

The therapeutic effects of cantaloupe are of great interest for the development of functional foods such as yogurt. In this study a new dairy product has been formulated by enriching natural yogurt with fruit cantaloupe (yogurt with cantaloupe puree, yogurt with dry cantaloupe and yogurt with dry cantaloupe and cantaloupe puree). Thus, composition (moisture, ash, lipids, proteins), including amino acid contents, lactic flora as well as rheological (viscoelasticity, viscosity) property of cantaloupe yogurt and natural yogurt is assessed. In addition, pH value, water holding capacity and antioxidant activity (reducing power) are measured over refrigerated storage time. There are significant differences between natural yogurt and cantaloupe yogurt in almost all parameters. The results show that the pH decreases during the storage period and the antioxidant activity as well as the water holding capacity are more remarkable in the yogurt with dry cantaloupe at the 14th and the 28th day of storage, respectively. The addition of cantaloupe in natural yogurt ameliorates the load of lactic flora and modifies the rheological property of the new products. The results of the current study show that the addition of cantaloupe to yogurt significantly improved its quality.
Social Problems of Alzheimer Patients and Their Family Members
Authors: Verulava Tengiz , Grdzelishvili Ana , Magaldadze Mariam , Makharashvili Ana , Chibukhaia Gvantsa , Jorbenadze Revaz , Dangadze Beka
Published: May 2018

Alzheimer disease is the most frequently seen and widespread form of dementia. In Georgia, there is no state program that deals with Alzheimer, which means that families of the patients stand alone when dealing with the disease. The study goal was to find out the problems and needs of the Alzheimer patients and their family members. The qualitative approach model was used for the research, which in turn was a biographical-narrative interview. The study has revealed a decreased role of a public sector in the life of people with disease. The families alone have a responsibility to take care of their patients, without any help from the others, which often worsens their already difficult economic situation.
Measuring Impulsivity in Children: Adaptation and Validation of a Short Version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behaviors Scale in Children and Investigation of its Links With ADHD
Authors: Geurten Marie , Catale Corinne , Gay Philippe , Deplus Sandrine , Billieux Joël
Published: May 2018

Objective: Impulsivity is a multifaceted construct known to play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of a wide range of problematic behaviors and psychological disorders in children. Method: In this study, we adapted the short French adult version of the UPPS-P (urgency–premeditation–perseverance–sensation seeking–positive urgency) Impulsive Behaviors Scale for use with children (short UPPS-P-C) and tested its psychometric properties. Results: Confirmatory factor analyses conducted on a sample of 425 children (aged 8-14 years) supported the five-factor structure of the scale. Additional analyses emphasized the good internal and test–retest reliability of the short UPPS-P-C. Furthermore, our results also revealed that lack of premeditation, positive urgency, and negative urgency subscales were able to discriminate between children diagnosed with ADHD and their matched controls. Conclusion: These results suggest that the short UPPS-P-C may be considered as a promising time-saving tool to assess impulsivity traits in healthy children and in children with psychiatric disorders.
Givin’ Stakeholders the Mic
Authors: Brewington Quincy L. , Hall Jori N.
Published: May 2018

Social justice–oriented evaluation approaches are described as participatory, culturally and contextually responsive, and self-empowering. These evaluation approaches call for the genuine participation of stakeholders for sound evaluations, particularly those outside of decision-making and service providing. Similarly, hip-hop is commonly characterized as liberating, educative, and critically responsive. Further, hip-hop engages marginalized groups around the world through creative practices such as urban art and disk jockeying, reflecting the authentic evaluative voice of these groups. In this article, we draw links between evaluation and hip-hop to identify hip-hop as useful and relevant to social justice–oriented evaluation approaches. Establishing connections between evaluation and hip-hop is important to evaluation, given the field’s current call for meaningful stakeholder participation—especially in settings that service youth and other often overlooked groups.
Infections seem to be more frequent before onset of pediatric multiple sclerosis: A Danish nationwide nested case–control study
Authors: Boesen Magnus Spangsberg , Koch-Henriksen Nils , Thygesen Lau Caspar , Eriksson Frank , Greisen Gorm , Born Alfred Peter , Blinkenberg Morten , Uldall Peter Vilhelm , Magyari Melinda
Published: May 2018

Background:

Infections are suspected environmental triggers for multiple sclerosis (MS). The relationship between the timing and cumulative number of childhood infections regarding pediatric MS risk is uninvestigated.

Objectives:

To investigate whether childhood infections contribute to pediatric MS.

Methods:

A nationwide nested case–control study with detailed MS case ascertainment including chart review was undertaken. For each MS case, we selected five control children using density sampling from the entire Danish population, matching controls to children with MS by sex and birthdate. We analyzed data with the cumulative number of childhood infections as exposure and MS as outcome. Hazard ratios (HRs) including 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox regression.

Results:

We identified 212 children with MS and 1,060 controls. Median age at MS onset was 15.3 years (range: 7.6–17.8 years); 72% were girls. Each infection during the preceding 3 years increased the hazard for MS by 11% (95% CI = 1.01–1.22, p = 0.04); having 5+ infections compared with 0–4 infections in the preceding 3 years doubled the hazard for MS (HR: 2.18; 95% CI = 1.12–4.30, p = 0.02).

Conclusion:

Children with MS appeared to have more infections in the 3 years preceding MS clinical onset; accordingly, immune response to infections may influence MS pathogenesis.
Conversation Analysis at the fair
Authors: Antaki Charles
Published: May 2018

The authors of the ‘Conversational Rollercoaster’ article give a vivid and engaging account of a difficult but worthwhile exercise: bringing live Conversation Analysis (CA) to the public in a Science Fair. Part of their motivation is a claim that CA is uniquely qualified for such exhibition: as a mode of enquiry, it has what they call a ‘public ethos’. I examine that part of their case and suggest that it might not be as waterproof as it appears. But, such qualms ought not detract from the positive benefits of sharing CA’s attractions with the public. The manifest success of the event, and its grounding in solid CA practice, is enough reason to hope that others will be inspired to follow in these pioneers’ footsteps.
The informal caregiver’s lived experience of being present with a patient who receives a diagnosis of dementia: A phenomenological inquiry
Authors: Champlin Barbara E
Published: May 2018

This article describes the lived experience of informal caregivers who accompany loved ones as the loved ones receive a diagnosis of dementia. Each of 12 informal caregivers participated in a face-to-face interview that was audiotaped and transcribed. Analysis of the interview text revealed seven constituents as central to the general structure of this experience: (a) having anticipated the diagnosis; (b) feeling relief; (c) feeling the gravitas of the words; (d) grieving the loss; (e) watching for the patient’s reaction; (f) accepting the diagnosis and taking action; and (g) committing to care. Implications for healthcare providers are discussed, with an emphasis on the need to be sensitive to the experience of both patients and informal caregivers when disclosing a diagnosis of dementia.
Land law, property ideologies and the British–Irish relationship
Authors: Walsh Rachael , Fox O’Mahony Lorna
Published: May 2018

This article examines the role of property ideologies, and the local contexts in which they were articulated and applied, in shaping English and Irish land law. Despite their shared histories and influences – from the transplant of the common law system to Ireland to traditions of training Irish lawyers and judges in English universities – the politics of property led Irish and English land law down distinct, and sometimes oppositional, ideological paths in the twentieth century. The politics and practices of land tenure, competing economic and property ideologies, and their direct links to the evolution of national identity and statehood in each jurisdiction, shaped the foundational commitments of English and Irish land law. The article traces the complexities of lived experience in regulating the use and ownership of land, as well as the role of global and local forces – from world-system movements (for example, the influence of European political developments in 1937 on the Irish Constitution) or bi-lateral relationships (for example, the impact of the Irish land wars on the English land reform movement, or the ongoing trade dependency between Britain and Ireland into the twentieth century). Our analysis reveals the multiple competing, and at times overlapping, property ideologies that shape property systems; and the powerful role of events and externalities in contextualising the practical, political, social and symbolic meaning and content of the law as it has evolved in local contexts, and in determining whether, and when, the status quo prevails, or a tipping point for law reform is reached.
Official status of languages in the United Kingdom and Ireland
Authors: Mac Síthigh Daithí
Published: May 2018

What are the official languages of the United Kingdom and of Ireland? Constitutions typically provide a starting point, although the answer is clearer in the case of the latter than the former. Nonetheless, the adoption of language legislation by the National Assembly for Wales and the Scottish Parliament, in respect of Welsh and Gaelic, forms part of a general shift towards official status within the UK; clarity in Northern Ireland, contemplated by the Belfast Agreement and St. Andrews Agreement, is further off. These changes also highlight an emerging story of the status of recognised languages at UK level. Meanwhile, the constitutional position in the Republic of Ireland has been supplemented by legislation and caselaw. This article considers the developing status of various languages (especially Welsh, Gaelic, and Irish) in the UK and Ireland, set in the context of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, issues of identity and territory, and the similarities and differences between laws on language within and across both states.
Discourse and teacher identity in business-like education
Authors: Skerritt Craig
Published: May 2018

A post-structural approach to exploring identity is taken in this paper in that identity is considered here as being socially constructed through discourse, which has deep implications for the shaping of subjectivity and practice. Given both the potential academisation and Anglicisation of Irish schools, and the additional re-drawing of what constitutes as a ‘good teacher’, repositioning Irish teachers’ subjectifications, this paper highlights the important issue of how teachers (re-)construct themselves in particular ways and make sense of their professional selves when their personal values, motivations, principles and deeply held beliefs about education and how it should be experienced are challenged. Ultimately, this paper projects that adopting a business-like ethos in Irish schools will have a negative impact on Irish teachers’ identities.
An Examination of Student Retention at a 2-Year College Through Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Hafer Leslie C. , Gibson Nicole M. , York Travis T. , Fiester Herbert R. , Tsemunhu Rudo
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this study was to develop a retention model specific to the 2-year college environment using factors not typically combined with the study of student retention. The study operationalized factors representing the basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness combined with elements of Bean and Metzner’s nontraditional student attrition model. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling techniques. The results indicated acceptable model fit and small to moderate effects were noted for competence and autonomy with grade point average (GPA). GPA exhibited the sole direct effect on student retention. The results further indicated the student characteristics of full-time enrollment and completion of 30 or more college-level credits combined with GPA explained a higher variance on student retention than did the factors of autonomy, competence, relatedness, external pull, or external support combined.
A rare case of ruptured aneurysm of the paramedian artery of Percheron
Authors: Sparacia Gianvincenzo , Agnello Francesco , Midiri Massimo , Iaia Alberto
Published: May 2018

Introduction

The artery of Percheron is a rare anatomic variant supplying bilateral medial thalamic nuclei and a variable portion of the rostral part of midbrain.

Case report

A 48-year-old female with massive subarachnoid hemorrhage due to a ruptured aneurysm of the paramedian artery of Percheron presented to the emergency room. Because of significant risk of recurrent intracranial hemorrhage, it was decided to proceed with endovascular embolization of the aneurysm. The patient was ultimately sent to a rehabilitation center and her presenting neurologic deficits showed significant improvements in the weeks following endovascular embolization treatment.

Discussion

The paramedian artery of Percheron is a rare anatomic variant and subarachnoid hemorrhage due to aneurysm of this artery is exceedingly rare. This case underlines the importance of a correct evaluation of cerebral arterial anatomy in order to choose the best endovascular therapeutic approach, reduce complications, and optimize patient outcome.
Novel NTRK1 mutations in Chinese patients with congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis
Authors: Geng Xingzhu , Liu Yanshan , Ren XiuZhi , Guan Yun , Wang Yanzhou , Mao Bin , Zhao Xiuli , Zhang Xue
Published: May 2018

Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by loss of algesthesis and inability to sweat. CIPA is known to be caused by mutations in the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 1 gene ( NTRK1). However, the details of NTRK1 mutations in Chinese CIPA patients remain unclear. In the present study, we recruited 36 CIPA patients from 34 unrelated families in mainland China. Blood samples from these patients and their available familial members were collected and subjected to genetic analysis. We identified 27 mutations in NTRK1 from this cohort, including 15 novel mutations. Interestingly, we discovered two forms of novel recurrent mutations: the first was a large intragenic deletion c.429–374_717 + 485del mediated by recombination between Alu elements, and the second was a deep intronic substitutions c.[851–798C > T;851–794C > G]. All probands were homozygotes or compound heterozygotes of these mutations. Current findings expand our knowledge about the mutation spectrum of NTRK1 in Chinese CIPA patients and provide more evidence for precise diagnosis of the clinically suspected patients with CIPA.
Mapping an open digital university in Malawi: Implications for Africa
Authors: Zozie Paxton , Chawinga Winner Dominic
Published: May 2018

The ubiquity of information and communication technologies (ICTs) have considerably transformed the higher educational landscape and are now providing an increasing number of novel and dynamic pathways for education delivery. The steady growth of flexible and affordable ICTs is impacting upon the higher education domain resulting in a departure from traditional education systems to more technologically driven forms of pedagogy. The purpose of this study was to investigate how best to exploit the available ICT infrastructures to support the creation of an open digital university at Mzuzu University in Malawi and to investigate the implications on a wider African context. The data were collected from lecturers, campus-based undergraduate students, and open and distance learning undergraduate students. The main results reveal that students and lecturers at Mzuzu University are conversant with a plethora of ICTs that can be adopted and customised to create a digital university. In that regard, we conclude that a digital university is possible in Malawi. We further conclude that, considering that African universities operate in mostly similar economic, technological and political landscapes, African universities are ready to embrace the concept of a digital university. This is regardless of the prevailing challenges.