bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Risk Factors for Multidrug-Resistant Organism (MDRO) Infections and Construction of a Risk Prediction Model in a Cancer Specialty Hospital
Authors: Li Chongwei , He Linghui , Xu Junwei , Wang Lili , Cao Xiaoli , Zhang Hui , Ma Pingping , Yuan Yongmei
Published: October 2024

Aims/Background Patients receiving treatment in specialized cancer hospitals are particularly susceptible to multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) infections due to factors such as weakened immune systems caused by intensive treatments and prolonged hospital stays. This study aims to investigate the risk factors for MDRO infections in the cancer specialty hospital setting and to develop a corresponding risk prediction model.

Methods Patients diagnosed with MDRO infections were selected for the MDRO infection group (n = 238), and those without for the non-MDRO infection group (n = 238). Non-parametric tests, chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify the primary risk factors for MDRO infections. With the aid of analysis utilizing R software 4.4.1 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria), we developed a nomogram prediction model, which was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results Age, antibiotic application time, and central venous catheterization were independent risk factors for MDRO infection (p < 0.05). The constructed nomogram prediction model for patients with MDRO infection has a C-index of 0.8640. The ROC curve results showed that the prediction model has a specificity of 0.7700, a sensitivity of 0.8800, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.8800.

Conclusion This study identifies significant risk factors for MDRO infections in a cancer specialty hospital setting and offers a clinically useful prediction model, which may aid in targeted preventive measures and optimization of antibiotics usage, thereby potentially reducing the incidence and impact of these infections.
Identifying Prostatic Utricle Translucent Membrane in Hematospermia Patients Using a Novel Nomogram
Authors: Wang Lang , Wang Zhen , Shao Mingmin , Jia Zhenzhen , Huang Zhiwen , Lu Mingming , Jing Junfeng , Zhang Yanbin
Published: October 2024

Aims/Background Hematospermia, characterized by blood in the ejaculate, is a common and distressing condition in urology. Identifying the underlying causes, including translucent membranes in the prostatic utricle, is crucial for effective management. Despite advancements in diagnostic techniques, reliable predictive tools are needed to enhance preoperative planning and patient outcomes. This study aimed to develop a novel nomogram to predict the presence of translucent membranes in the prostatic utricle of hematospermia patients.

Methods In total, 284 patients were selected from The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei database based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The cohort was divided into a training set (198 patients) and a validation set (86 patients). To identify risk factors associated with the prostatic utricle translucent membrane, multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed. The identified risk factors were then used to construct a predictive nomogram model. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated using several statistical tools: receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to assess discriminative ability, calibration curves to evaluate prediction accuracy, and decision curve analysis (DCA) to determine clinical utility.

Results The findings revealed that age, duration of disease, history of seminal vesiculitis, and seminal vesicle dimensions (width, length, and thickness) were independent risk factors for the presence of a prostatic utricle translucent membrane in patients with hematospermia. Using these variables, a nomogram was developed. The nomogram demonstrated strong predictive capability, as evidenced by its performance in ROC and calibration curve analyses. Furthermore, the DCA indicated that the nomogram offered significant clinical net benefits in predicting the presence of a translucent membrane.

Conclusion Clinical use of the developed nomogram can assist clinicians in identifying patients with hematospermia who have translucent membrane in the prostatic utricle and in developing individualized treatment.
Perioperative Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) for Anaesthetists: Is It Time to Introduce Formal Training?
Authors: Wynne Luke
Published: October 2024

This article reviews point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in the perioperative period. Ultrasound-guided techniques for regional anaesthesia and vascular access have been well-established in anaesthesia for many years. However, integration of whole-body POCUS into UK anaesthetic practice remains limited. There is a growing body of evidence highlighting the benefits of POCUS throughout the perioperative period. Widespread use may help to improve patient care in anaesthesia.
Ileocaecal Crohn's—When Should the Surgeon Intervene?
Authors: Steven Brown , Nilofer Husnoo
Published: October 2024

Huge advances in the medical treatment of ileocaecal Crohn's disease have occurred in the last 20 years. Consequently, surgery has become synonymous with treatment failure and is often only implemented when multiple medical interventions have been trialled. However, evidence that patients avoid surgery in the long term is questionable. When surgery occurs, the disease progresses. Surgery is more complex and outcomes such as complications and stoma formation are more common. Many studies suggest that, in terms of longer-term quality of life, earlier surgery may be superior. Specific clinical scenarios exist where this benefit is more obvious (fibrostenotic or fistulating disease) but even with disease limited to the lumen, benefits can be realised. Significant barriers exist to this mindset of earlier surgery. Such barriers can only be overcome with a vigorous multidisciplinary approach. This editorial describes the debate surrounding the concept of early bowel resection in these patients.
The effects of holding positions on the frequency response of dynamic vocal microphones
Authors: İmik Osman Halil , Uçar Emrah
Published: October 2024

This study examines the effects of different holding positions of the microphone body and capsule on the frequency response of dynamic vocal microphones. Microphones enable the amplification and recording of sound by converting sound waves into electrical signals. Based on their operating principles, microphones are divided into two primary types: electromagnetic and electrostatic. The sample for this study consists of dynamic microphones, which fall under the category of electromagnetic microphones. Dynamic microphones are commonly preferred in live performances and studio recordings due to their durability, affordability, and low self-noise levels. In this study, the effects of various grip positions on frequency response were analyzed using the Shure SM-58 model dynamic microphone, which is widely used in both studio and live sound environments. The selected grip positions include the standard stand position, fully enclosed capsule grip, semi-open capsule grip, and body grip. These positions comprise the sample for the study. The research was conducted in a controlled studio environment, isolated from external factors and with appropriate acoustic conditions. Audio samples were collected by having a professional vocalist sing the G4 note (392 Hz) on the syllable “na” for 5 seconds. The recordings, conducted at an industry- standard 96 kHz sampling rate and 24-bit resolution, were repeated for each grip position and digitally transferred as .wav files. The .wav files were normalized in Audacity in preparation for Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis. During the data analysis process, the normalized .wav files were analyzed via FFT implemented in Python. The data were examined by analyzing the first seven harmonics within three octaves above the G4 note (392 Hz). Referring to the standard stand position, the Fully Closed Grip Position on the Capsule exhibited a significant reduction in lower frequencies alongside an increase in upper frequencies. Similarly, the Capsule Half-Open Grip Position resulted in decreased low and mid frequencies, with a corresponding rise in high frequencies. Observations from the Microphone Body Grip Position also indicated a decrease in lower frequencies and an enhancement in upper frequency regions. Based on these findings, this study aims to provide vocal performers, recording engineers, and researchers in music technology with insights into achieving higher precision and professionalism by understanding how appropriate microphone holding techniques influence the sound’s balance.
CICARE based communication technique: A passage to faster and smoother visual rehabilitation in post cataract surgery patients
Authors: Morya Arvind Kumar , Behera Ranjan Kumar , Gupta Parul Chawla , Singh Arshi
Published: October 2024

Visual rehabilitation following cataract surgery is often an overlooked aspect. Healthcare providers have an important role in the counselling of the patients undergoing cataract surgery in clearing all their doubts thus alleviating all their fears and anxiety related to the procedure which will eventually lead to faster and smoother visual rehabilitation. Using standardised communication techniques like CICARE combined with conventional nursing and pain scoring systems can provide an objective and effective method in patient counselling and building a rapport with the patient for a faster visual recovery.
Research on Remote eSIM Provisioning Management Technology for 5G Terminal
Authors: Lu Jun , Huang Guowei , Kuai Wenke , Xu Yiliang
Published: October 2024

The use of eSIM in mobile terminals such as the Internet of Vehicles has become the general trend, and more and more enterprises have put forward clear requirements for the remote provisioning of eSIM. This paper aims to combine 5G technology to analyze remote eSIM provisioning management technology for terminal, and combine algorithm improvement to improve remote eSIM information management and control effects. Moreover, this paper describes in detail the three-layer communication structure in the communication model, the design of edge gateway nodes, and the query mechanism for cloud center request names and data resources. In addition, this paper uses experiments to evaluate the connectivity of the eSIM three-layer communication model and the characteristics of the NDN network. Through experimental research, it can be seen that the remote eSIM provisioning management model proposed in this paper has certain advantages when applied to the Internet of Vehicles compared with the existing remote provisioning management technologies for the Internet of Vehicles. This article takes the Internet of Vehicles as an example to conduct research. At the same time, its support for mobility can be well applied to the Internet of Vehicles to meet the mobility of terminal vehicles. Therefore, it can provide some reference in the subsequent development of Internet of Vehicles technology.
Design and Implementation of Virtualization Cloud Computing System Intelligent Terminal Application Layer
Authors: Ni Hongtao , Yan Lixia
Published: October 2024

Cloud task scheduling has become a trend, and the shortcomings of traditional scheduling algorithms can be optimized through mathematical models of other cloud task scheduling scenarios. In order to improve the virtualization data processing effect of intelligent terminal application layer, this paper proposes an improved krill swarm optimization algorithm based on adaptive weight. The optimization of cluster load balancing and task average response time ratio are used to improve the convergence and accuracy of task scheduling algorithm. Moreover, this paper uses CloudSim simulation tool to conduct experiments to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. In addition, this paper proposes an application-based virtualization method, which virtualizes the application programs inside the host machine into the virtualization software inside the virtual machine, so that the virtual machine can access it. Finally, this paper verifies the reliability of the proposed method with experiments, thus providing a theoretical reference for the subsequent design of intelligent terminal application layer virtualization cloud computing system. Compared with the traditional way of using physical hardware, using virtual machine hardware is more flexible, efficient and safe, which brings great convenience to the development and deployment of applications.
Design of Routing Algorithm for Communication of Power Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Improved Harmony Search
Authors: Li Guo , Wang MingHua
Published: October 2024

In this paper, a routing algorithm for the communication of power wireless sensor networks based on improved harmony search is proposed to reduce the communication routing delay and energy consumption of power wireless sensor networks. Firstly, according to the composition of communication routing delay and energy consumption of power wireless sensor networks, the delay model and energy consumption model are constructed respectively, and the objective function is constructed by assigning different weights. Then, artificial bee colony algorithm and Levy flight mechanism improved harmony search algorithm are adopted for solving the objective function. Experiment results reveal that the algorithm can meet different users’ different demands on delay and energy consumption. If the user needs low delay, set the low delay weight to 1 and the power consumption weight to 0, then the average delay is 7s, and the average power consumption is 3203J. When user demand is low energy consumption, set the delay weight to 0 and the energy consumption weight to 1, so that the average energy consumption is 2667J and the average delay is 15s, which can meet the needs of users.
Research on Social Network Advertisement Delivery Platform Based on Blockchain
Authors: Chang Chunmei , Yang Yumeng , Shi Chen
Published: October 2024

This paper briefly introduces the advertisement delivery model based on blockchain and the storage of key point information that can reflect the whole delivery process. After that, the simulation experiment was carried out on the advertisement delivery platform in a laboratory with the local server and the virtual server provided by Ethereum. The experiment detected the advertisement delivery function and the resistance to click fraud. The results showed that the advertisement delivery platform successfully completed the advertisement delivery and left a complete record. Facing the attack of tampering with the click frequency record of advertisements, the advertisement delivery platform using blockchain still maintained accurate records.
Grammatical Error Correction Detection of English Conversational Pronunciation Under a Deep Learning Algorithm
Authors: Yu Hang
Published: October 2024

Grammar correction in spoken English can enhance proficiency. This paper briefly introduces the gate recurrent unit (GRU) algorithm and its appli- cation in English speech recognition and grammatical error correction of speech recognition results. The GRU algorithm was firstly used to recognize English speech, then transform it into a text, and finally correct the English grammar of the text. Additionally, the attention mechanism was incorporated to enhance the performance of grammatical error correction. Subsequently, simulation experiments were conducted. Firstly, speech recognition and grammatical error correction were independently verified. The performance of the proposed algorithm in correcting grammatical errors in spoken English was evaluated using a self-built speech database. The results demonstrated that the proposed GRU-based algorithm yielded the best performance in independent speech recognition, independent grammatical error correction, and the overall spoken grammatical error correction. The contribution of this study lies in using the GRU algorithm to convert speech into text and perform grammar correction on the text, providing an effective reference for grammar correction in English communication.
Cross-Laminated Timber Panels Produced by Low-Grade Yellow-Poplar Sorted by Nondestructive Evaluation
Authors: Azambuja Rafael da Rosa , DeVallance David B. , McNeel Joseph
Published: October 2024

To manufacture and market a uniform and consistent product, the US lumber industry developed grading rules to classify their lumber. Visual grading is the most commonly applied grading system, although nondestructive evaluation (NDE) could be applied. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels produced from yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) lumber sorted by NDE and compare their bending properties in the major direction to standard published panels by the American National Standards Institutes/The Engineered Wood Association (ANSI/APA) PRG 320-2019. Ten panels were produced with dimensions of 3.75 inches thick by 18 inches wide by 120 inches long. Flatwise bending, shear block, and cyclic delamination tests were performed following ANSI/APA PRG 320-2019. The results of the bending tests indicated that the calculated characteristic values using NDE-sorted lumber resulted in a 19 percent higher bending strength (Fb) than published values in ANSI/APA PRG 320-2019 for stress-rated lumber (E1 and E4) and 35 percent higher than visually graded yellow-poplar CLT panels reported by Azambuja et al. However, the modulus of elasticity (MOE) values (1.56 by 106 psi) were lower than those listed for E1 and E4 type panels. The adhesive evaluation showed delamination in some samples located in the outer areas of the panel, indicating that proper adhesion is possible with improvements in the panel production process used in the research. Overall, the results suggest potential opportunities to utilize yellow- poplar lumber that does not meet a visual structural grade category under Northeastern Lumber Association Manufacturers’ rules by classifying and sorting the lumber according to static MOE (MOEs) values assessed using NDE.
Eutanasia de animales de compañía a la luz de la bioética: estudio realizado en el hospital veterinario de la Universidad de Brasilia
Authors: Jota Josué , Duarte da Costa Junior Jair , Bellezi Guilhem Dirce
Published: October 2024

La palabra “eutanasia” significa muerte sin dolor ni sufrimiento. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo describir el número de procedimientos y las principales causas relacionadas con la eutanasia de mascotas realizados en el Hospital Docente Veterinario (HVet) de la ciudad de Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brasil. Se utilizó el método cualitativo y el tipo de estudio fue descriptivo y exploratorio. Los datos de la investigación se recopilaron de los protocolos de acceso de animales en HVet en julio de 2021, pero cubrieron procedimientos realizados entre 2013 y 2020. Luego de analizar la información recopilada, las principales causas identificadas en los 51 protocolos de servicio de HVet para la toma de decisiones, en materia de eutanasia, fueron las siguientes: sigue: acabar con el sufrimiento del animal, 48 (94,11%); pronóstico desfavorable, 30 (58,82%); y tratamiento económicamente inviable, 5 (9,80%). Con estos resultados, parece que los propietarios indicaron más de una alternativa para realizar el procedimiento a su animal. La evidencia producida señala vacíos en el conocimiento sobre el proceso de toma de decisiones respecto de la eutanasia en mascotas; Además, señalan la necesidad de profundizar el estudio sobre el tema y también sobre la preparación para afrontar este procedimiento por parte de veterinarios y tutores. Se sugiere que, en el contexto ético, la aceptación de la bioética, en su carácter dialógico y multidisciplinario, presenta predicados que posibilitan la deliberación colectiva para mitigar las vulnerabilidades de los animales, de los responsables y del equipo médico.
Presupuestos jurídicos y bioéticos para la circulación y la exportación de ovocitos
Authors: Puig Hernández Marc Abraham
Published: October 2024

En el presente trabajamos defendemos que la compensación, el anonimato y la publicidad constituyen los presupuestos jurídicos y bioéticos para la circulación y la exportación de ovocitos. Para defender esta tesis analizamos un estudio publicado sobre la importación de ovocitos a Brasil con origen en la Unión Europea. De la ruta que siguen los ovocitos hasta llegar al destino encontramos que estos presupuestos los comparten todos los países que participan en esta práctica. Hablamos de presupuestos porque tras sopesar las razones jurídicas y bioéticas que subyacen a la compensación, el anonimato y la publicidad, detectamos que no ha habido un debate certero o un cuestionamiento moral o legal para aceptarla, sino que se asumieron sin cuestionamiento para poner en práctica estos movimientos necesarios para aplicar las técnicas de reproducción humana asistida.
¿Qué mueve al parentesco? Exploración de las movilidades de gametos y personas en el contexto biomédico argentino
Authors: Lima Natacha Salomé , Ariza Lucía
Published: October 2024

En los últimos años, diversos estudios han explorado las movilidades reproductivas, especialmente en Europa, enfocándose en las restricciones normativas de la atención reproductiva transfronteriza. Este estudio buscó explorar, por el contrario, las movilidades de gametos y personas en contextos con sistemas de salud fragmentarios y regímenes regulatorios frágiles o inexistentes. Se realizaron once entrevistas a profesionales de la salud reproductiva para conocer si y de qué maneras las personas y los gametos se mueven o son movidos con el objetivo de producir eventos reproductivos en Argentina. Del análisis del material recolectado, se identificaron tres lógicas que motivan el movimiento de gametos y personas. La primera refiere a situaciones donde prima una lógica de la elección: poder ver, seleccionar, decidir, conservar óvulos y espermatozoides. Se trata de una lógica que supone para los/as pacientes la posibilidad de volverse un/a partícipe activo de las decisiones reproductivas. La segunda, denominada lógica de la afinidad, muestra que la búsqueda de ciertos rasgos de los y las donantes motiva una selección que en ocasiones puede implicar trascender las fronteras territoriales. Por último, una tercera lógica, a la que llamamos lógica del riesgo en salud, promueve el movimiento de gametos y personas desde y hacia la capital argentina, Buenos Aires. La identificación de estas lógicas ha permitido concluir que, en la producción de parentesco tecnomediado cohabitan estrategias de las que participan los deseos de las y los usuarios, junto con el ofrecimiento por parte de los equipos asistenciales de opciones que permitan alcanzar las expectativas.
Principio de autonomía y derecho a la ayuda a morir: Regulación de la eutanasia
Authors: Corcoy Bidasolo Mirentxu
Published: October 2024

En este artículo se revisan las principales legislaciones europea relacionadas a la eutanasia y la ayuda a morir como un derecho, desde el presupuesto de la legitimidad y el principio de autonomía. Se analizan críticamente los supuestos constitucionales que promueven dichas legislaciones y se concluye con una visión acotada a la legislación en España, Ley Orgánica 3/2021 reguladora de la eutanasia.
Segurança digital em interfaces cérebro-computador no contexto ético-jurídico brasileiro
Authors: Binda Filho Douglas Luis , Vetis Zaganelli Margareth
Published: October 2024

As interfaces cérebro-computador funcionam como uma via de comunicação direta entre a atividade elétrica do cérebro e um dispositivo externo, como um computador ou uma prótese. Na atualidade, as interfaces cérebro-computador têm sido utilizadas principalmente para auxiliar pessoas com deficiência ou em pesquisas científicas. Tais interfaces enfrentam desafios significativos em relação à segurança digital, uma vez que ataques potenciais podem comprometer a privacidade, a saúde e a integridade dos usuários. O presente artigo, através de metodologia exploratória, com base em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, visa a análise das problemáticas referentes à segurança digital em interfaces cérebro-computador no contexto ético-jurídico brasileiro, com o fito de propor o quadro normativo que emerge a partir dessas tecnologias. Inicialmente, o estudo aborda as diferentes categorias de interfaces cérebro-computador. Em sequência, analisam-se as vulnerabilidades de segurança dessas interfaces. Após, realiza-se o quadro normativo aplicado às interfaces cérebro-computador. Conclui-se que é de extrema importância uma abordagem preventiva, colaborativa e multidisciplinar para garantir que essas interfaces permaneçam seguras e protegidas, preservando os direitos e a integridade daqueles que delas dependem.
Ética e investigación cualitativa en salud: la cuestión de los daños
Authors: Santi María Florencia , Di Marco Martín Hernán
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar, desde una perspectiva ética, la investigación cualitativa en salud. Se problematizará en particular la cuestión de los daños y riesgos que emergen en el contexto de estas investigaciones. Se brindará una definición de daño apropiada para el campo de estudio propuesto y se argumentará en pos del reconocimiento de diversos tipos de daños en investigación cualitativa. Finalmente, se presentarán dos ejemplos que dan cuenta de lo analizado. Con este trabajo se espera contribuir al debate ético en investigación cualitativa en salud reconociendo las particularidades de este campo de estudio.
Editorial del monográfico - A vueltas con la Neuroética: el cerebro como objeto y objetivo, coordinado por F. Estévez Abad
Authors: Estevez Abad Fernando
Published: October 2024

La neuroética se ha constituido una rama particular de la bioética necesaria ante el vertiginoso avance de las neurotecnologías. La discusión interminable en relación con su objetivo y alcances resultan factor de retraso frente a la investigación y desarrollo de tecnología que estudia, interactúa y modula la actividad cerebral. Los proyectos de investigación patrocinados por gobiernos, instituciones de interés privado o personas naturales deben cumplir el marco de la investigación y desarrollo responsables; la bioética especializada en los temas del cerebro, las neuronas y las neurotecnologías es una rama de formación fundamental a la hora de establecer la discusión responsable, informada y orientada sobre la neurociencia y sus alcances.
El impulso autorial malévolo: la intertextualidad francesa y los deseos oscuros en Cuentos malévolos de Clemente Palma
Authors: Hicks-Bartlett Alani
Published: October 2024

Abstract: A partir de la idea de "malevolencia" y las implicaciones detrás de un posicionamiento autorial que estratégica y deliberadamente enfatiza su propia vinculación con el mal, este ensayo se enfoca en las maniobras literarias e intertextuales que Clemente Palma emplea en Cuentos malévolos . Sumamente heterogénea intra- e intertextualmente, e ingeniosamente posicionándose dentro de una larga tradición literaria (Delgado del Águila, 2021: 160–62; Kason; Güich Rodríguez, 2016: 49–50), la obra de Palma se destaca, en parte, por la manera en que recodifica y responde tanto a la cuentística moderna tradicional como a la literatura decadentista con sus tácticas subversivas y muchas veces intencionadamente provocadoras. Como si constituyera el eje en torno al cual la narración gira, la preocupación de la voz autorial con la malevolencia y el desengaño paradójicamente sitúa las decepciones que surgen como resultado del desequilibrio amoroso y de la desconfianza entre autor y lector simultáneamente como consecuencia desafortunada y como objetivo de la narración. Brechas de confianza facilitan la crítica acérrima de Palma sobre la "malevolencia" inherente en las relaciones amorosas y en los pactos literarios. Incluso el título de la obra llama la atención sobre la yuxtaposición entre el acto de "contar" una historia—algo supuestamente placentero—y los métodos mucho más dudosos que condicionan cualquier acto de voluntariamente "querer" obrar con maldad, y luego narrar y confesar los actos malévolos cometidos, como lo hace Palma.
La disputa por el barrio popular en el imaginario neoliberal de Argentina (2000-2015): el mito de la Villa y sus alternativas
Authors: Mathez Roberto Elvira
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This article analyses the narratives around the slums in Argentina during the beginning of the XXI century. In this period, movies, books and other cultural objects thematized the most disadvantaged neighborhoods. Although very different in content and form, they concluded by segregating and dehumanizing the citizens of the slums. However, there were also alternative voices that disputed the hegemonic imaginary. For the first time in history, neighbors from the slums started to publish books and film movies. Not only did this production defy how culture is produced and circulated, but also seized the narratives around their own neighborhoods.
Sara Mesa, Un amor (2020) y la resurrección feminista del tremendismo ibérico
Authors: Gómez-Castellano Irene
Published: October 2024

Abstract: La literatura de ambiente rural ha experimentado un boom en España en la última década, pero los parámetros bajo los que se ha estudiado no logran explicar sus últimas manifestaciones. En Un amor (2020), la sexta novela de Sara Mesa (Madrid, 1976), se presenta una confluencia del discurso de la precariedad económica propia de la "literatura de la crisis" con el discurso del acoso machista, representado en la figura antagónica del casero/violador de Nat, la protagonista. Se interpretará Un amor como una adaptación/revisión en clave feminista de los postulados literarios del tremendismo de ambiente rural, representado en la obra icónica La familia de Pascual Duarte (1942), de Camilo José Cela. Retornar a los textos brutales de la tradición española del tremendismo de posguerra nos puede permitir ver con mayor precisión cómo Mesa construye su texto y lo ancla a tradiciones globales y autóctonas, y cómo lo reescribe desde la perspectiva de una mujer, y cómo este estilo sirve para dar forma al trauma de no tener vivienda ni trabajo estables, familia, ni hijos. Se analizará el uso de la narración impersonal, el énfasis en la pobreza y la violencia sexual, y se profundizará en la importancia del discurso animal y la descripción del paisaje como vehículo estético para comunicar nuevas preocupaciones ancladas a la modernidad líquida, conectando la novela a otras obras de la misma autora (como Cuatro por cuatro, Silencio administrativo o Cicatriz ) y de otras autoras de su misma generación como Ana Iris Simón.
Speculative Ecology: Huidobro, Parra, Zurita and Chile's Pacific Futures
Authors: Merchant Paul R.
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This article traces a neglected form of ecopoetics in Chilean literature, arguing that attention to the speculative ecological visions of poets traditionally associated with the avant-garde, like Vicente Huidobro, Nicanor Parra, and Raúl Zurita, can enrich discussions in the global blue humanities. Unlike the land-based "mestizo ecopoetics" (Casals) identified in the work of Chilean writers such as Gabriela Mistral, in the works of Huidobro, Parra, and Zurita, marine environments appear as spaces for experimentation with possible futures. Understanding this work as a form of speculative ecology permits a fuller view of the history of oceanic futures in the hemispheric Americas.
Anticipating Afterlife: Metapoetic Reading of the “Revival” Prologue of Plautus’ Casina
Authors: Vidović Goran
Published: October 2024

Abstract: A part of the prologue of the Casina which apparently records the play’s reperformance sometime after Plautus’ lifetime has been universally classified as a post-Plautine interpolation. Closer inspection, however, reveals not only a system of imagery throughout the prologue, but also its numerous thematically relevant correspondences with the imagery and the plot of the play. The correspondences are read as metapoetic allusions to the play’s revival and attributed to a single author, with the hypothesis that it might be Plautus himself. The “revival” prologue is interpreted as Plautus’ humorous anticipation of the reception of one of his last plays and the afterlife of his comic legacy.
Igniting A Spark: Fostering Dialectical Thinking With Plato’s Meno
Authors: Silvermintz Daniel
Published: October 2024

Abstract: In this article, I present a three-stage teaching strategy for orienting first-time readers of the Platonic dialogues using the Meno as a case study. The approach assists students lacking a philosophical background to advance from personal reflection to developing more advanced analytical and interpretive skills. The first stage of the method invites students to contemplate their life goals in preparation for a structured class debate between relativistic and absolutist notions of success. The second stage employs in-class philosophical reading groups, where students engage with small passages from the Meno to develop their analytical skills in a supportive learning environment. The final stage consists of a two-part writing assignment in which students produce a line-by-line philosophical analysis of their passage along with an essay reconciling the antithetical arguments presented in their selection. By employing this multifaceted approach, students cultivate critical, analytical, and dialectical thinking in order to navigate the complexities of Plato's enigmatic dialogues.
Alternative to rugate minus filters for laser eye protection
Authors: Willey Ronald R.
Published: October 2024

Rugate optical thin films have been studied for several decades, particularly for the application of laser eye protection filters (LEPFs). The principles of rugates and Herpin equivalent layers are briefly reviewed. The combination of these concepts to overcome the bandpass limitations of short-wave pass filters is shown. The use of Alfred Thelen’s minus filters to make LEPFs is discussed, and the use of higher harmonic bands of quarter wave optical thickness (QWOT) stacks for LEPF is explained. The application of thickness ratios in layer pairs other than QWOTs is shown to lead to better alternatives for LEPF than rugates.
Polarization insensitive electrically reconfigurable meta-lens for the 2 µm wavelength
Authors: Bhuiyan Md. Asif Hossain , Das Purbayan , Choudhury Sajid Muhaimin
Published: October 2024

The conventional fiber communication band of 1.55 µm is reaching its limit attributable to the escalation in bandwidth requirements for high-speed and bulk data transmission. Researchers are exploring a 2 µm waveband for its higher capacity and low attenuation as a solution for the next generation communication technologies. Accordingly, here we report an optically engineered metasurface for this waveband for fiber coupling or lensing. The structure is polarization-insensitive and dynamically tunable between its reflective (OFF) and transmissive (ON) modes. For tunability, we incorporate a novel phase change material In3SbTe2 (IST) for its faster, non-volatile, and reversible metallic-to-insulator phase transition. The integration of indium tin oxide (ITO) as a micro-heater to electrically modulate the light by altering the phase of IST provides the device with additional functionality for point-of-care applications. Using the finite-difference-time-domain (FDTD) technique, we have achieved a modulation depth of 90%. The focusing efficiency is as high as 76% and the ON-OFF switching ratio of the optimized lens is 26 dB. The multilayer insertion of thin IST ensures uniform phase transition with switching energy as low as 232.98 nJ/µm2. Thus, with remarkable performance at 2 µm and dynamic multifunctionality, our proposed device will revolutionize the upcoming telecommunication technologies and beyond.
All-fiber chirp tuning of ultrashort pulses via long chirped fiber Bragg grating pair
Authors: Li Yuhang , Gao Mingjin , Song Di , Li Dan , Liu Qiang
Published: October 2024

Chirp tuning of ultrashort pulses is crucial for nonlinear fiber amplification and nonlinear dynamics investigations. Here we demonstrate all-fiber chirp tuning via chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG) pair. Two identical long CFBG were placed reversely to cancel out most of their huge dispersion (~40 ps/nm @1030 nm), while the controllable temperature gradient along them could be used for precise chirp tuning with a tuning range of ~ ps², verified by dispersion measurement and ultrashort pulse broadening. This relatively large chirp tuning could be used in prechirp management in nonlinear fiber amplifiers, exemplified by the optical spectrum tailoring therein. In addition, we also show this precise chirp tuning capability could be very helpful for pulse temporal quality diagnosis, which is indispensable for seed pulse optimization. We believe this all-fiber chirp tuning technique would find wide applications in nonlinear amplification and ultrafast nonlinear dynamics investigations.
Effectiveness of exercise intervention in improving physical and mental status of patients with alcohol use disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Jihai , Zhou Zhidong , Gao Gang , Zang Liuhong
Published: October 2024

Objectives

This meta-analysis and systematic review examined the effects of an exercise intervention on alcohol dependence and physical and mental states in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD).

Data sources

PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, and Embase.

Study inclusion and exclusion criteria

Randomized controlled trials published in English from the inception of the database until June 30, 2024, were included. All forms of exercise intervention (aerobic, resistance, yoga, mixed exercise, etc.) were included in the study, using an exercise intervention for patients with AUD and a non-exercise control group. Studies that excluded acute exercise or did not describe a specific intervention program; duplicate publications; review articles, conference articles, etc.; and studies that did not report appropriate outcome metrics.

Data extraction

This protocol was prepared according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol standard. The risk of bias was assessed via the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool as described by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews and Interventions.

Data synthesis

Alcohol dependence (number of drinks per day, number of drinks per week, AUDIT), physical and mental status [maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), resting heart rate, anxiety state, depression state, stress level].

Results

Seventeen RCTs with a total of 1,905 patients with alcohol use disorders were included as subjects, and the results revealed that the exercise intervention had a significant effect on alcohol dependence, the number of drinks per day and the AUDIT score, the exercise intervention also had a significant effect on physical and mental status, VO2max, the resting heart rate, the anxiety state, the depression state, and the stress level. High heterogeneity in the number of drinks per day, anxiety, depression and stress outcomes (I2 > 50%), but Egger’s test showed no publication bias for all outcome indicators (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

Exercise intervention can effectively reduce alcohol dependence and significantly improve the physical and mental states of AUD patients, and exercise intervention as an adjunct to the treatment of AUD patients is significantly effective.
Metabolic reprogramming tips vaccinia virus infection outcomes by stabilizing interferon-γ induced IRF1
Authors: Chang Tyron , Alvarez Jessica , Chappidi Sruthi , Crockett Stacey , Sorouri Mahsa , Orchard Robert C. , Hancks Dustin C.
Published: October 2024

Interferon (IFN) induced activities are critical, early determinants of immune responses and infection outcomes. A key facet of IFN responses is the upregulation of hundreds of mRNAs termed interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) that activate intrinsic and cell-mediated defenses. While primary interferon signaling is well-delineated, other layers of regulation are less explored but implied by aberrant ISG expression signatures in many diseases in the absence of infection. Consistently, our examination of tonic ISG levels across uninfected human tissues and individuals revealed three ISG subclasses. As tissue identity and many comorbidities with increased virus susceptibility are characterized by differences in metabolism, we characterized ISG responses in cells grown in media known to favor either aerobic glycolysis (glucose) or oxidative phosphorylation (galactose supplementation). While these conditions over time had a varying impact on the expression of ISG RNAs, the differences were typically greater between treatments than between glucose/galactose. Interestingly, extended interferon-priming led to divergent expression of two ISG proteins: upregulation of IRF1 in IFN-γ/glucose and increased IFITM3 in galactose by IFN-α and IFN-γ. In agreement with a hardwired response, glucose/galactose regulation of interferon-γ induced IRF1 is conserved in unrelated mouse and cat cell types. In galactose conditions, proteasome inhibition restored interferon-γ induced IRF1 levels to that of glucose/interferon-γ. Glucose/interferon-γ decreased replication of the model poxvirus vaccinia at low MOI and high MOIs. Vaccinia replication was restored by IRF1 KO. In contrast, but consistent with differential regulation of IRF1 protein by glucose/galactose, WT and IRF1 KO cells in galactose media supported similar levels of vaccinia replication regardless of IFN-γ priming. Also associated with glucose/galactose is a seemingly second block at a very late stage in viral replication which results in reductions in herpes- and poxvirus titers but not viral protein expression. Collectively, these data illustrate a novel layer of regulation for the key ISG protein, IRF1, mediated by glucose/galactose and imply unappreciated subprograms embedded in the interferon response. In principle, such cellular circuitry could rapidly adapt immune responses by sensing changing metabolite levels consumed during viral replication and cell proliferation.
Catch the references if you can: Marc Shaiman and stylistic pastiche
Authors: Braae Nick
Published: October 2024

This article explores Marc Shaiman’s use of stylistic pastiche in Catch Me If You Can. Building on previous studies of style imitation in musical theatre, I develop a model for analysing different forms of pastiche. This model categorizes instances of pastiche according to the specificity of the stylistic reference, the function of the pastiche and how the pastiche is integrated into the song. Each component of the model is illuminated through a selection of examples. In Catch Me If You Can, I argue that Shaiman tends to use intra-opus (song) references in order to enhance the lyrical and narrative content, while his broader style references tend to be used for setting and reinforcing aspects of time and place. I conclude with the suggestion that this model could be deployed on other musicals. This will lead to a better understanding of how Shaiman’s practices align or deviate from other composers who engage with this widespread technique.
That musical politic: Musical theatre citations and satire in the Trump era
Authors: Yates Samuel
Published: October 2024

This article amplifies the intersection of musical theatre and political discourse during Donald Trump’s presidency by working against Trump’s imperative that musical theatre be a ‘safe’ art form. Rather than evaluating how Trump identifies with and mobilizes musical theatre numbers from Broadway’s megamusicals era, I assess how performers and multimedia artists critique Trump through musical theatre citation. In doing so, I argue that musicals, as a pervasive and emotionally resonant art form, serve as an effective vehicle for satire and political commentary in the digital era. This study tracks how Broadway artists like Patti LuPone leveraged community star power to challenge Trump’s rhetoric and actions, while performers like Randy Rainbow created online spoofs of well-known musical numbers to chronicle contemporary politics and inspire direct voting action. Finally, it moves to paratheatrical art in the work of graffiti artist TABBY, who used iconic musical imagery in pieces like The Lying King to appraise Trump’s political character. By recontextualizing musical numbers within political events and exploring their use in both supportive and critical contexts, I underscore the enduring influence and democratic potential of musical theatre in shaping and reflecting cultural and political narratives.
O Consumo de Podcast por Jovens Adultos como Alternativa de Acesso à Informação: Um Estudo Exploratório com Estudantes de Comunicação Social
Authors: Midões Miguel , Gouveia Teresa
Published: October 2024

Os jovens adultos entre os 17 e os 22 anos são os que mais escutam conteúdos em podcast, quebrando o consumo de informação pela via dos media tradicionais. Contudo, este contexto de crescente escuta de podcasts por parte dos jovens carece de estudos em populações específicas que mostrem tendências de consumo, preferências e tipos de podcast, plataformas e técnicas de consumo e a importância dos elementos de produção áudio e vídeo. Assim, realizou-se uma análise quantitativa exploratória, através da aplicação de um inquérito por questionário a 112 estudantes da licenciatura em Comunicação Social, e conclui-se que estes jovens consomem sobretudo podcasts de Lifestyle, com forte prevalência para os culturais e de comédia/humor, mas também de caráter noticioso ou informativo, o que se torna expectável tendo em conta a área de estudos em que se encontram. Entre estes jovens há também uma valorização forte do conteúdo audiovisual, da identidade sonora e da identidade visual do podcast.
Cross-sectional study of antibiotic resistance to Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in cats in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and Dili, Timor-Leste
Authors: Nugroho Widagdo Sri , Karmo Antonino Do , Silalahi Gustaf Eifel , Gallantiswara Putu Cri Devischa
Published: October 2024

Background and Aim: Antibiotics are used in veterinary clinics and animal hospitals to treat infectious diseases. However, the improper use of antibiotics causes antibiotic resistance, which threatens future disease therapeutics in pet animals. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in cats and their resistance to antibiotics in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia (IDN), and Dili, Timor-Leste (TL).

Materials and Methods: A total of 255 cat’s rectal swab samples from veterinary clinics and hospitals in Yogyakarta Province, IDN, and Dili, TL were collected. All samples were transferred aseptically into an enrichment medium and subjected to various culture tests for E. coli and Salmonella spp. identification. All identified isolates were tested for antibiotic sensitivity using Kirby−Bauer disk diffusion method.

Results: This study successfully isolated E. coli from 172/255 (67.45%) rectal swab samples, that is, 122/188 samples (64.89%) from Yogyakarta Province, IDN, and 50/67 samples (74.6%) from Dili, TL. Salmonella spp. was isolated from 13/188 samples (6.91%) from Yogyakarta, IDN. The antibiotic susceptibility test indicated that more than 30% of E. coli were resistant to ampicillin (AMP) (IDN = 39.3%, TL = 50%) and tetracycline (TE) (IDN = 41.8%, TL = 42%), and more than 40% of Salmonella spp. were resistant to enrofloxacin (44%), TE (56%), streptomycin (61%), and AMP (83%).

Conclusion: E. coli and Salmonella spp. succeeded isolation in cats from IDN and TL, and some isolates were resistant to antibiotics. Cats with diarrhea or digestive problems have a 9.5-fold increased risk of infection by Salmonella spp. Considering the prevalence of resistance to E. coli and Salmonella spp., it is important to manage antibiotic resistance distribution across companion animals and humans because both species share the same living environment.

Keywords: antibiotic resistance, cats, Dili, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. Yogyakarta.