bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Darboux Transformation for Ito Equation
Authors: Niu Xiaoxing , Zhang Mengxia , Lv Shuqiang
Published: March 2016

A system proposed by Ito is reconsidered. The corresponding Darboux transformation is presented explicitly. The resulted Bäcklund transformation is shown to be equivalent to the one found by Hirota. Also, a nonlinear superposition formula, which is of differential-algebraic, is obtained.
Synthesis, structure and electronic configuration of [Rh6Te8(PPh3)6]·4C6H6
Authors: Thiele Günther , Balmer Markus , Dehnen Stefanie
Published: March 2016

[Rh6Te8(PPh3)6]·4C6H6, the first compound with a molecular Chevrel-type [Rh6Te8] cluster core has been synthesized and structurally characterized. By means of quantum chemical calculation, the close relationship of its electronic configuration to that of the lighter homologue has been demonstrated. The different crystal solvent content prevents an isostructural crystallization.
NaGe6As6: Insertion of sodium into the layered semiconductor germanium arsenide GeAs
Authors: Khatun Mansura , Mar Arthur
Published: March 2016

NaGe6As6 is a ternary arsenide prepared by reaction of the elements at 650 °C. It crystallizes in a new monoclinic structure type [space group C2/m, Z = 2, a = 22.063(2), b = 3.8032(4), c = 7.2020(8) Å, β = 92.7437(15)°] that can be considered to be derived by inserting guest Na atoms between [Ge6As6] layers identical to those found in the layered binary arsenide GeAs. An unusual feature in both structures is the presence of ethane-like Ge2As6 units in staggered conformation, with Ge–Ge dumbbells oriented either parallel or perpendicular to the layers. Electronic band structure calculations have shown that the electron excess in NaGe6As6 is accommodated by raising the Fermi level across a 0.6 eV band gap in semiconducting GeAs so that it cuts the bottom of the conduction band, resulting in an n-doped semiconductor.
Rab3-GEF Controls Active Zone Development at theDrosophilaNeuromuscular Junction
Authors: Bae Haneui , Chen Shirui , Roche John P. , Ai Minrong , Wu Chunlai , Diantonio Aaron , Graf Ethan R.
Published: March 2016

Synaptic signaling involves the release of neurotransmitter from presynaptic active zones (AZs). Proteins that regulate vesicle exocytosis cluster at AZs, composing the cytomatrix at the active zone (CAZ). At theDrosophilaneuromuscular junction (NMJ), the small GTPase Rab3 controls the distribution of CAZ proteins across release sites, thereby regulating the efficacy of individual AZs. Here we identify Rab3-GEF as a second protein that acts in conjunction with Rab3 to control AZ protein composition. Atrab3-GEFmutant NMJs, Bruchpilot (Brp) and Ca2+channels are enriched at a subset of AZs, leaving the remaining sites devoid of key CAZ components in a manner that is indistinguishable fromrab3mutant NMJs. As theDrosophilahomologue of mammalian DENN/MADD andCaenorhabditis elegansAEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange. Mechanistic studies reveal that although Rab3 and Rab3-GEF act within the same mechanism to control AZ development, Rab3-GEF is involved in multiple roles. We show that Rab3-GEF is required for transport of Rab3. However, the synaptic phenotype in therab3-GEFmutant cannot be fully explained by defective transport and loss of GEF activity. A transgenically expressed GTP-locked variant of Rab3 accumulates at the NMJ at wild-type levels and fully rescues therab3mutant but is unable to rescue therab3-GEFmutant. Our results suggest that although Rab3-GEF acts upstream of Rab3 to control Rab3 localization and likely GTP-binding, it also acts downstream to regulate CAZ development, potentially as a Rab3 effector at the synapse.
Sororin loads to the synaptonemal complex central region independently of meiotic cohesin complexes
Authors: Gómez Rocío , Felipe‐Medina Natalia , Ruiz‐Torres Miguel , Berenguer Inés , Viera Alberto , Pérez Sara , Barbero José Luis , Llano Elena , Fukuda Tomoyuki , Alsheimer Manfred , Pendás Alberto M , Losada Ana , Suja José A
Published: March 2016

The distribution and regulation of the cohesin complexes have been extensively studied during mitosis. However, the dynamics of their different regulators in vertebrate meiosis is largely unknown. In this work, we have analyzed the distribution of the regulatory factor Sororin during male mouse meiosis. Sororin is detected at the central region of the synaptonemal complex during prophase I, in contrast with the previously reported localization of other cohesin components in the lateral elements. This localization of Sororin depends on the transverse filaments protein SYCP1, but not on meiosis‐specific cohesin subunits REC8 and SMC1β. By late prophase I, Sororin accumulates at centromeres and remains there up to anaphase II. The phosphatase activity of PP2A seems to be required for this accumulation. We hypothesize that Sororin function at the central region of the synaptonemal complex could be independent on meiotic cohesin complexes. In addition, we suggest that Sororin participates in the regulation of centromeric cohesion during meiosis in collaboration with SGO2‐PP2A.
BVDV alters uterine prostaglandin production during pregnancy recognition in cows
Authors: Cheng Zhangrui , Abudureyimu Ayimuguli , Oguejiofor Chike F , Ellis Rebekah , Barry Amy Teresa , Chen Xing , Anstaett Olivia L , Brownlie Joe , Wathes D Claire
Published: March 2016

Embryonic mortality in cows is at least in part caused by failure of pregnancy recognition (PR). Evidence has shown that bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection can disrupt pregnancy. Prostaglandins (PG) play important roles in many reproductive processes, such as implantation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of BVDV infection on uterine PG production and PR using anin vitroPR model. Bovine uterine endometrial cells isolated from ten BVDV-free cows were cultured and treated with 0 or 100ng/mL interferon-τ (IFNT) in the absence or presence of non-cytopathic BVDV (ncpBVDV). PGF2αand PGE2concentrations in the spent medium were measured using radioimmunoassays, and in the treated cells expression of the genes associated with PG production and signalling was quantified using qPCR. The results showed that the IFNT challenge significantly stimulatedPTGS1andPTGER3mRNA expression and PGE2production; however, these stimulatory effects were neutralised in the presence of ncpBVDV infection. ncpBVDV infection significantly increasedPTGS1andmPGES1mRNA expression and decreasedAKR1B1expression, leading to increased PGE2and decreased PGF2αconcentrations and an increased PGE2:PGF2αratio. The other tested genes, includingPGR,ESR1,OXTR,PTGS2,PTGER2andPTGFR, were not significantly altered by IFNT, ncpBVDV or their combination. Our study suggests that BVDV infection may impair PR by (1) inhibiting the effect of IFNT on uterine PG production and (2) inducing an endocrine switch of PG production from PGF2αto PGE2to decrease uterine immunity, thereby predisposing the animals to uterine disease.
The Hobbit desde a xeografía literaria crítica. Perspectivas de análise.
Authors: Rozas Arceo Alba
Published: March 2016

A construción de mundos imaxinarios acompañados dunha representación gráfica constitúe nos nosos días un fenómeno de importancia crecente no desenvolvemento de diferentes manifestacións artísticas e culturais coma a literatura, o cine ou os videoxogos. O presente estudo pretende apuntar diversas vías de investigación á hora de dilucidar os motivos e as funcións que subxacen na creación de xeografías imaxinarias a partir das cales se desenvolven as obras literarias de fantasía épica. Con este propósito, ofreceremos, en primeiro lugar, unha aproximación crítica e valorativa ás principais perspectivas da xeografía literaria crítica e da xeografía imaxinaria, identificando os traballos a través dos cales diferentes investigadoras contemporáneos constituíron as súas nocións de xeografía literaria e imaxinación xeográfica. En segundo lugar, estudaremos as posibilidades de aplicación das aproximacións expostas como referentes para a análise da constitución de mundos imaxinarios. Finalmente, propoñeremos as posibilidades abertas por esta vía de análise na primeira obra de fantasía épica do filólogo e escritor británico John Ronald Reuel Tolkien: The Hobbit or There and Back Again. Este estudo permitirá determinar cómo a diferenciación entre os distintos ámbitos sociais, culturais e de poder, así como entre o referente real e a proxección narrativa e cartográfica das localizacións nas que se desenvolve a acción, favorece a posibilidade de estudar o espazo como un factor que ten repercusións sobre a narración. En última instancia, a percepción do espazo ficcional e a súa conformación, de acordo coa estrutura social e o contexto cultural do autor, servirán para dar conta das relacións entre as formas espaciais, o seu significado simbólico e os procesos sociais que se vinculan a determinadas creacións imaxinarias.
Sexual Polyploidization inMedicago sativaL.: Impact on the Phenotype, Gene Transcription, and Genome Methylation
Authors: Rosellini Daniele , Ferradini Nicoletta , Allegrucci Stefano , Capomaccio Stefano , Zago Elisa Debora , Leonetti Paola , Balech Bachir , Aversano Riccardo , Carputo Domenico , Reale Lara , Veronesi Fabio
Published: March 2016

Polyploidization as the consequence of 2n gamete formation is a prominent mechanism in plant evolution. Studying its effects on the genome, and on genome expression, has both basic and applied interest. We crossed two diploid (2n = 2x = 16) Medicago sativa plants, a subsp. falcata seed parent, and a coerulea × falcata pollen parent that form a mixture of n and 2n eggs and pollen, respectively. Such a cross produced full-sib diploid and tetraploid (2n = 4x = 32) hybrids, the latter being the result of bilateral sexual polyploidization (BSP). These unique materials allowed us to investigate the effects of BSP, and to separate the effect of intraspecific hybridization from those of polyploidization by comparing 2x with 4x full sib progeny plants. Simple sequence repeat marker segregation demonstrated tetrasomic inheritance for all chromosomes but one, demonstrating that these neotetraploids are true autotetraploids. BSP brought about increased biomass, earlier flowering, higher seed set and weight, and larger leaves with larger cells. Microarray analyses with M. truncatula gene chips showed that several hundred genes, related to diverse metabolic functions, changed their expression level as a consequence of polyploidization. In addition, cytosine methylation increased in 2x, but not in 4x, hybrids. Our results indicate that sexual polyploidization induces significant transcriptional novelty, possibly mediated in part by DNA methylation, and phenotypic novelty that could underpin improved adaptation and reproductive success of tetraploid M. sativa with respect to its diploid progenitor. These polyploidy-induced changes may have promoted the adoption of tetraploid alfalfa in agriculture.
Environmental Association Analyses Identify Candidates for Abiotic Stress Tolerance inGlycine soja, the Wild Progenitor of Cultivated Soybeans
Authors: Anderson Justin E , Kono Thomas J Y , Stupar Robert M , Kantar Michael B , Morrell Peter L
Published: March 2016

Natural populations across a species range demonstrate population structure owing to neutral processes such as localized origins of mutations and migration limitations. Selection also acts on a subset of loci, contributing to local adaptation. An understanding of the genetic basis of adaptation to local environmental conditions is a fundamental goal in basic biological research. When applied to crop wild relatives, this same research provides the opportunity to identify adaptive genetic variation that may be used to breed for crops better adapted to novel or changing environments. The present study explores an ex situ conservation collection, the USDA germplasm collection, genotyped at 32,416 SNPs to identify population structure and test for associations with bioclimatic and biophysical variables in Glycine soja, the wild progenitor of Glycine max (soybean). Candidate loci were detected that putatively contribute to adaptation to abiotic stresses. The identification of potentially adaptive variants in this ex situ collection may permit a more targeted use of germplasm collections.
Microarray Analysis of Gene Expression inSaccharomyces cerevisiae kap108Δ Mutants upon Addition of Oxidative Stress
Authors: Belanger Kenneth D , Larson Nathaniel , Kahn Jonathan , Tkachev Dmitry , Ay Ahmet
Published: March 2016

Protein transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is tightly regulated, providing a mechanism for controlling intracellular localization of proteins, and regulating gene expression. In this study, we have investigated the importance of nucleocytoplasmic transport mediated by the karyopherin Kap108 in regulating cellular responses to oxidative stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We carried out microarray analyses on wild-type and kap108 mutant cells grown under normal conditions, shortly after introduction of oxidative stress, after 1 hr of oxidative stress, and 1 hr after oxidative stress was removed. We observe more than 500 genes that undergo a 40% or greater change in differential expression between wild-type and kap108Δ cells under at least one of these conditions. Genes undergoing changes in expression can be categorized in two general groups: 1) those that are differentially expressed between wild-type and kap108Δ cells, no matter the oxidative stress conditions; and 2) those that have patterns of response dependent upon both the absence of Kap108, and introduction or removal of oxidative stress. Gene ontology analysis reveals that, among the genes whose expression is reduced in the absence of Kap108 are those involved in stress response and intracellular transport, while those overexpressed are largely involved in mating and pheromone response. We also identified 25 clusters of genes that undergo similar patterns of change in gene expression when oxidative stresses are added and subsequently removed, including genes involved in stress response, oxidation–reduction processing, iron homeostasis, ascospore wall assembly, transmembrane transport, and cell fusion during mating. These data suggest that Kap108 is important for regulating expression of genes involved in a variety of specific cell functions.
Efficient Genome Editing in Chicken DF-1 Cells Using the CRISPR/Cas9 System
Authors: Bai Yichun , He Linjie , Li Pengcheng , Xu Kun , Shao Simin , Ren Chonghua , Liu Zhongtian , Wei Zehui , Zhang Zhiying
Published: March 2016

In recent years, genome engineering technology has provided unprecedented opportunities for site-specific modification of biological genomes. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) 9 is one such means that can target a specific genome locus. It has been applied in human cells and many other organisms. Meanwhile, to efficiently enrich targeted cells, several surrogate systems have also been developed. However, very limited information exists on the application of CRISPR/Cas9 in chickens. In this study, we employed the CRISPR/Cas9 system to induce mutations in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), ATP synthase epsilon subunit (ATP5E), and ovalbumin (OVA) genes in chicken DF-1 cells. The results of T7E1 assays showed that the mutation rate at the three different loci was 0.75%, 0.5%, and 3.0%, respectively. In order to improve the mutation efficiency, we used the PuroR gene for efficient enrichment of genetically modified cells with the surrogate reporter system. The mutation rate, as assessed via the T7E1 assay, increased to 60.7%, 61.3%, and 47.3%, and subsequent sequence analysis showed that the mutation efficiency increased to 94.7%, 95%, and 95%, respectively. In addition, there were no detectable off-target mutations in three potential off-target sites using the T7E1 assay. As noted above, the CRISPR/Cas9 system is a robust tool for chicken genome editing.
Mapping Challenging Mutations by Whole-Genome Sequencing
Authors: Smith Harold E , Fabritius Amy S , Jaramillo-Lambert Aimee , Golden Andy
Published: March 2016

Whole-genome sequencing provides a rapid and powerful method for identifying mutations on a global scale, and has spurred a renewed enthusiasm for classical genetic screens in model organisms. The most commonly characterized category of mutation consists of monogenic, recessive traits, due to their genetic tractability. Therefore, most of the mapping methods for mutation identification by whole-genome sequencing are directed toward alleles that fulfill those criteria (i.e., single-gene, homozygous variants). However, such approaches are not entirely suitable for the characterization of a variety of more challenging mutations, such as dominant and semidominant alleles or multigenic traits. Therefore, we have developed strategies for the identification of those classes of mutations, using polymorphism mapping in Caenorhabditis elegans as our model for validation. We also report an alternative approach for mutation identification from traditional recombinant crosses, and a solution to the technical challenge of sequencing sterile or terminally arrested strains where population size is limiting. The methods described herein extend the applicability of whole-genome sequencing to a broader spectrum of mutations, including classes that are difficult to map by traditional means.
Cancer: Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Factors on Its Genesis
Authors: Cree Cynthia
Published: March 2016

Cancer as one of the leading causes of death has been a major concern for medical practitioners and researchers for many years, not just because of the diagnosis and treatment, but understanding the roles of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on its genesis. Some of the recent discoveries about cancer are the roles of xenobiotics and some internally produced biological molecules in forming tumors when brought in contact with living tissue. The discovery of the roles of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in mutagenesis has since been extensively examined with various experiments and data collected from neoplasm with the various carcinogens. The detailed studies of cancer genesis have proved that extrinsic factors, such as chemicals and radiation at different wavelengths, and some biological molecules play critical roles in mutagenesis. The main purpose of this review is to weigh the effects of the various factors (intrinsic and extrinsic) on cancer genesis.
L-ASPARAGINASE AND L-GLUTAMINASE FROM Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1: PRODUCTION AND SOME PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Dutta Sanghamitra , Roy Rajanya , Lahiri Dibyajit
Published: March 2016

L- asparaginase (EC 3.5.1.1) is an enzyme which converts L- asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia; L- glutaminase (EC 3.5.1.2) is an enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of L-glutamine to L- glutamic acid and ammonia. Both of these enzymes have been used in as chemotherapeutic agents. Among different sources of L- asparaginase and L-glutaminase enzymes producers, microbial strains possess an elevated edge over other enzyme producers; these enzymes produced by different microbial strains differ in some physiological, biochemical, catalytic and immunological properties. This led to the continuous screening program for isolation of novel microbial strains that could produce an effective enzyme with few limitations at use. A bacterial strain isolated from soil and identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 had been found to be capable of producing both extracellular L- Asparaginase and L- Glutaminase enzymes. The enzymes were produced under solid state fermentation. Effects of different fermentation parameters for production of these enzymes were determined. Some physicochemical properties of both of these enzymes were determined. The results obtained in this study revealed the potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 as a source of both L-Asparaginase and L- Glutaminase enzymes, which have gained significance in pharmaceutical industry. The uses of inexpensive agro- industrial wastes in this study have important economic advantages over submerged fermentation.
SUPPLEMENTATION OF FRUIT PROCESSING WASTE FOR ENDOXYLANASE PRODUCTION BY TRICHODERMA KOENINGI ISOLATE AND ITS OPTIMIZATION USING CENTRAL COMPOSITE DESIGN: APPLICATION OF PRODUCED ENDOXYLANASE IN MANGO JUICE CLARIFICATION
Authors: Bandikari Ramesh , Mannepula Sreedharamurthy , Mohan Poludasu Rama , Sarathi Reddy Obulam Vijaya
Published: March 2016

The aim of this study was to optimize the supplementation of custard apple, pomegranate peel along with KH2PO4, (NH4)2SO4 and MgSO4 for maximum endoxylanase production by Trichoderma koeningi isolate on pretreated corn cobs using CCD. Predicted endoxylanase yield was highest (3242.43 U/g) with the actual yield of (3107.58U/g) from 2% NaOH pretreated corn cobs. The model predicted R2 value of 0.9147% indicating that it was appropriate to predict the levels of variables to achieve maximum endoxylanase yield. The produced endoxylanase clarified mango juice of Baneshan and Totapuri varieties at 40°C and 56 h. The endoxylanase treatment enhanced the clarity of Baneshan juice by 51.7% with a release of 121.1 mg/ml of reducing sugars at an optimized enzyme dose of 9.6 U that led to maximum flow rate of 8 ml/min. In the case of Totapuri juice, there was 43.4% increase in clarity and release of 102.6 mg/ml reducing sugars at an optimized enzyme dose of 12.8 U that lead to a maximum juice flow rate of 6 ml/min. The HPLC analysis showed that the hydrolysed products of mango juice were xylose and xylo-oligosacharides. An optimized xylanase production was achieved from low cost agro residues, which results in the reduction of enzyme cost.
CHARACTERISATION OF CASSAVA BAGASSE IN DIFFERENT GRANULOMETRIES FROM TWO STARCH PROCESSING PLANTS
Authors: Caroline da Silva Ãrica , Pascoli Cereda Marney , André Denck Colman Tiago , Mottin Demiate Ivo , Schnitzler Egon
Published: March 2016

Cassava is an agricultural crop that occupies an important place in the diet of people of many countries in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Cassava bagasse is a by-product from industrial processing that is generated in great quantities and it can exhibit about 40-50 % of starch in its composition, in dry basis. Two samples, one moist (sample A) and another dry (sample B), were supplied by two cassava starch industries. The samples were analysed by physicochemical, thermoanalytical (TG, DTA, DSC), rheological (RVA) and micro-structural methods (NC-AFM) that demonstrated that the temperature of the industrial drying (around 150 ºC) was not very well controlled, reaching higher temperatures, reaching decomposition of organic matter condition causing changes (please specify) and browning. Although it was milled, sieved and contained 41.31 (0.43) % of starch, sample B did not present gelatinisation or paste properties. Sample A, with 47.75 (0.21) % of starch, dried carefully in a laboratory oven with forced air circulation at 45 ºC for 24 hours showed gelatinisation enthalpy (Hgel) and viscosity with values directly proportional to the granulometry.
INVESTIGATION OF HYDROCARBON BIO-REMOVAL BY THE INDIGENOUS BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM CRUDE OIL CONTAMINATED SOILS
Authors: Gilavand Farhad , Marzban Abdolrazagh , Ebrahimipour Gholamhossein , Karkhane Maryam
Published: March 2016

The current study reports hydrocarbon degrading capacity of two bacterial strains isolated from soils contaminated by crude oil. Two indigenous bacterial strains (Bs1 and Bs2) were isolated from polluted soils around oil reservoirs, Ahvaz, Iran. Their abilities to degrade different hydrocarbons, including olive oil, crude oil and coal tar were investigated, using measuring total organic carbon (TOC) supplemented as sole carbon source in the mineral medium. To identify bacterial isolates, morphology and biochemical characteristics along with 16S rDNA analysis were considered. The results showed strain Bs1 was able to consume more than 34 % of coal tar, 61% of crude oil, and 81% of olive oil during 14 days incubation. The hydrocarbon degrading ability of Bs2 was 24, 39, and 68% in the presence of coal tar, crude oil and olive oil, respectively as sole carbon source. Additionally, their mixed culture of two isolates led to a 5% increase in their biodegradation effectiveness. The subsequent morphological and biochemical characterization and phylogenetic analyses showed the close relationship of Bs1 and Bs2 (about 98 and 99%) to Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains of CMG581 and BM8, respectively.
Arctiini Leach, [1815] (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) of the Brazilian Amazon. I — Subtribe Phaegopterina Kirby, 1892
Authors: Teston José A. , Ferro Viviane G.
Published: March 2016

This study aims to identify and record Arctiini specimens from the Brazilian Amazon, as well as upgrade the existing lists regarding this tribe. The material included in this study consisted of specimens from collections, and insects collected in the field, as well as a literature review,. There are 469 species of Phaegopterina, including 52 are new recorded species, for the Brazilian Amazon.
First records of the Wing-barred Seedeater, Sporophila americana (Gmelin, 1789) (Thraupidae), for Acre and a revision of its distribution in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Guilherme Edson , Pedroza Diego , Guimarães David Pedroza , De Lima Ana Caroline Gomes
Published: March 2016

We present the first records of the Wing-barred Seedeater (Sporophila americana)in Acre, Brazil. These observations, together with the published records and the specimens housed in museum collections, indicate that S. americana occurs over a considerably larger geographical area than is currently presented in the relevant literature. The occurrence of S. americana in the region of São Paulo de Olivença, in the Brazilian state of Amazonas indicates the potential existence of a sympatric zone with the congener Caqueta Seedeater (Sporophila murallae) in the western Amazonia.
Discrete geometry model of heat in granular bentonite barriers
Authors: Valter Martin , Puzrin Alexander M , Plötze Michael
Published: March 2016

The mineral-engineered barrier in the planned repository for radioactive waste in Switzerland is being designed as a granular bentonite mixture. The infiltrating pore water from the (clayey) host rock will start to resaturate the granular barrier after its emplacement. The discrete structure of the mineral barrier requires a more detailed analysis, because the porosity alone applied in the continuum approach cannot adequately describe the heat transfer. Towards this analysis, three granular size fractions have been arranged into square or hexagonal packings and considered in the heat transfer model presented in this paper. The six different granular arrangements are set either in a planar or in a cylindrical spatial system. A major feature of the approach is providing the modelled systems with an interstitial fluid of smoothly adjustable thermophysical parameters, approximating variable water contents. The effective thermal conductivity of various systems is an important output of the model. The calculation of the temperature equilibrium period directly depends on this parameter and represents a step towards a solution for the reliable determination of the resaturation timescale. The validity of the modelled effective thermal conductivities was confirmed by laboratory experiments on real granular bentonite.
CONSULTA DE ENFERMAGEM AO PORTADOR DE HANSENÍASE: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Lima Dandara Abreu Queiros de , Cassemiro Ana Valéria Da Silva , Mendes Raquel Silveira , Branco Cristiane Santiago Natario , Pamplona Ysabely De Aguiar Pontes
Published: March 2016

O estudo objetiva conhecer os aspectos abordados em publicações científicas sobre a consulta de enfermagem aos pacientes portadores de hanseníase. Caracteriza-se como uma revisão integrativa da literatura, referente a produções científicas sobre a consulta de enfermagem em pacientes portadores de hanseníase. Base de dados utilizadas foram a Lilacs e a Medline; como critérios de inclusão foram selecionados artigos com publicação no período de 2005 à 2011, redigidos na língua inglesa, espanhola e portuguesa, estando disponível na íntegra que abordassem os temas pertinentes à consulta de enfermagem em hanseníase. Pode-se compreender a importância da consulta de enfermagem em hanseníase, uma vez que ela participa, ativamente, na busca, de casos novos, interrompe a transmissão da doença, quebrando a cadeia epidemiológica, na prevenção da doença, na promoção da saúde, na orientação sobre o tratamento PQT, no registro do prontuário do paciente, para uma melhor assistência continuada.
ANALISE DOS NÚMEROS DE CASOS NOTIFICADOS DE HANSENÍASE PELO SINAN NA BAHIA
Authors: Porto Murilo Jesus , Novais Silva Ferreira Leônio , Gomes Pinheiro Livia Mara , De Almeida David Jesus
Published: March 2016

A hanseníase é uma doença infectocontagiosa ocasionada pelo bacilo Mycobacterium leprae, que ocasiona diversos sinais e sintomas. Em geral, ela demora de 2 a 5 anos para surgimentos dos primeiros sinais e sintomas, podendo atingir homens e mulheres, adultos e crianças, de todas as classes sociais, instalando-se principalmente nos nervos e na pele. O presente estudo tem como objetivo geral analisar os números de casos notificados de hanseníase pelo Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) na Bahia, durante o período de 2010 a 2014, e, como objetivos específicos, conhecer os casos notificados Pelo DATASUS, no período de 01 de janeiro de 2010 a 19 de Agosto de 2014, e verificar a quantidade de casos notificados em relação ao gênero. Esta pesquisa trata-se de métodos descritiva epidemiológica com investigação bibliográfica, apresentando uma análise de caráter quantitativa do conteúdo pesquisado. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de consulta no SINAN, fornecido pelo DATASUS pertencente ao Ministério da Saúde. Os resultados interpretados são 2.870 casos no ano de 2012, 2.534 para o ano de 2013 e 1.344 casos notificados para o ano de 2014, assim, visa-se a necessidade de uma atenção das equipes de saúde para atingir a meta do Ministério da Saúde no sentido de erradicação dos casos. A busca desses casos possibilitou conhecer características da referente infecção da doença no perfil Baiano.
CONSEQUÊNCIAS DO USO DE DROGAS DURANTE A GRAVIDEZ
Authors: Alves Maia Jair , Assunção Pereira Leonardo , De Alcântara Menezes Fernanda
Published: March 2016

O avanço no consumo de drogas licitas e ilícitas nos dias de hoje é considerado como problemas de saúde pública em todo o mundo e principalmente no Brasil. Este estudo objetivou descrever as consequências do uso de drogas durante a gravidez. O método utilizado foi um estudo observacional e quantitativo com abordagem descritiva. Concluímos que (37; 2,05%) das grávidas entrevistadas faziam uso de etanol, (19; 1,00%) eram fumantes, (22;1,22%) eram usuária da maconha, (17; 0,94%) faziam uso de cocaína e (47; 2,61%) eram usuárias de crack, colocando em risco o desenvolvimento do feto e de sua saúde.
RISCOS OCUPACIONAIS EM ENFERMAGEM NA ESTRATÉGIA DE SAÚDE DA FAMILÍA: ESTUDO BIBLIOMÉTRICO
Authors: De Jesus Thaiane Barbosa , Flores Jheryck , Dos Santos Carina Oliveira
Published: March 2016

Na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF), a enfermagem está sujeita a riscos ocupacionais a partir da atribuição que lhe compete, ao processo de trabalho e as suas relações institucionais e profissionais no ambiente de laboral. Nesse contexto, a bibliometria vem conhecer e avaliar a produtividade, os pesquisadores, a disseminação das informações publicadas sobre a temática. Objetivo: mapear os artigos originais que relatam os riscos ocupacionais da enfermagem no contexto da ESF. Metodologia: estudo bibliométrico das publicações originais sobre riscos ocupacionais, enfermagem e ESF, na base de dados da BDENF publicados no período de 2002 a 2014, analisados quanto à frequência de cada descritor, quantidade de publicação, Qualis e fator de impacto por periódico, idioma, região/ instituições mais publicadas, titulação, formação e local de atuação dos autores. Para análise dos dados foi feita frequência, percentil e média. Resultados: foram encontradas 229 e selecionadas 46 publicações, com poucos artigos utilizando os três descritores, sendo o descritor “risco ocupacional” o mais utilizado, com 46 (48,9%) e, a maioria 137 (97,1%) dos autores são enfermeiros, 94 (66,2%) docentes 55 (40,1%) com doutorado. O idioma predominante foi o português, com destaque para Revista de Enfermagem UERJ e Latino-Americana com mais publicações, sendo revistas com Qualis B2 a mais optada pelos autores. A Região Sudeste foi a mais produtiva e grande parte das instituições são públicas. Conclusão: número limitado de trabalhos referente à temática, sendo necessário ampliar discussões sobre riscos ocupacionais e as especificidades da ESF, e percebe-se a enfermagem com papel importante na divulgação científica.
SAÚDE SEXUAL E REPRODUTIVA NO CONTEXTO DA PRISÃO: VIVÊNCIAS DE PRESIDIÁRIAS DE SALVADOR-BA
Authors: Ferreira Bispo Tânia Christiane , Aleixo Dias de Oliveira Carina , Araújo Ferreira Neto Ezequiel , Rufino de Carvalho Elisandra , Nascimento Lino Nathalie , Moreira dos Santos Sara
Published: March 2016

Com o aumento da população carcerária feminina, tendo cada vez mais as gestantes inseridas nessa realidade questiona-se de que forma essas mulheres vivenciam sua sexualidade e como se configura a saúde sexual e reprodutiva nesse contexto. O estudo objetivou compreender a vivência de gestantes e puérperas presidiárias quanto à saúde sexual e reprodutiva no contexto da prisão; traçar o perfil sexual e reprodutivo e identificar as ações e cuidados de enfermagem relacionados. Tratou-se de um estudo de campo com enfoque qualitativo com a população carcerária feminina de gestantes e puérperas de um presídio em Salvador-BA, onde foram realizadas 06 entrevistas. Através da análise de conteúdo das entrevistas foram determinadas três categorias: 1) o perfil sexual e reprodutivo das gestantes e puérperas privadas de liberdade, 2) saúde sexual e reprodutiva no contexto da prisão, 3) vivenciando a sexualidade no contexto da prisão: diferentes experiências e a questão de gênero. A saúde sexual e reprodutiva ainda é assistida de forma superficial, com pouco enfoque na sexualidade feminina, necessitando de maior envolvimento das instituições educacionais e capacitação dos profissionais para atuarem nessa realidade. A falta de regulamentação da visita íntima e de políticas públicas efetivas favorece ao não cumprimento dos direitos garantidos a essas mulheres e a relação de gênero relaciona-se de forma determinante com os direitos sexuais.
Praktyka wdrażania CSR w polskich przedsiębiorstwach w opinii doradców
Authors: Rogowski Robert
Published: March 2016

The paper presents the experiences of advisers in implementing the concept of CSR
in Polish enterprises. The article presents the results of surveys covering such issues
as the implementation of CSR motives and actions taken by operators in the implementation
of CSR policies. CSR advisors also identified that companies can use
unethical practices. This is also a characteristic of CSR advisors.
Postawy etyczne pracowników administracji samorządowej
Authors: Stasiak Ewelina
Published: March 2016

The purpose of the article is to present the appropriate ethical attitudes of local government
employees which affect the efficiency of the administration. Local government
employees who are exclusively competent and honest are able to properly execute
their goals within strictly defined procedures and tasks. The article focuses on
a brief analysis of the concept of ethics, employees of local government, as well as
an analysis of ethics in terms of its impact on the quality of services.
Organizacje pozarządowe w subregionie leszczyńskim. Potencjał i bariery
Authors: Olejniczak Karolina
Published: March 2016

Due to the growing importance of local pro-development attitudes and non-governmental
organizations for development, it is important to look at their activities in
different subregions. In this work the author presents the results of research carried
out in the Leszno subregion on the presence of elements of social capital, the organizational
and financial sustainability of NGOs, and their cooperation with public
administration in the context of their impact on local development. In addition,
through a comparative analysis of selected issues, it recalls the good practices of
NGOs in Switzerland which, because of the long tradition of their operation and the
experience gained, can also be used in Polish settings.
Invest As I Say, Not As I Do? Gender Dif-ferences In Financial Risk Preferences
Authors: Jianakoplos Nancy Ammon
Published: March 2016

This paper examines gender differences in stated versus observed financial risk preferences. The responses of women versus men to a question regarding financial risk preferences are compared to the proportion of risky assets held in their portfolios using data from the 1995 Survey of Consumer Finances. The data show that women are more likely to express an unwillingness to take financial risks. Stated financial risk preferences are found to be consistent with observed risk preferences at the ordinal, but not the quantitative, level. Contradicting their stated risk preferences, risky assets constitute, on average, one-third of the financial assets of households that indicate they are unwilling to take any financial risks. Financial planners and advisers frequently use a clients expressed willingness to take on risk as an important determinant in asset allocation recommendations. Consistent gender differences in these responses, in addition to inconsistencies between the clients stated risk preferences and observed portfolio allocation, may lead advisers to make inappropriate recommendations.
An Analysis of Income Smoothing
Authors: Michelson Stuart , Wootton C. William , Jordan-Wagner James
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this research is to investigate various income smoothing detection methods. Using a SEC identified sample of firms that were charged with violations of GAAP due to earnings manipulations and a matched sample of firms, we test seven popular models to determine which provide the best identification of income smoothing.The results indicate that, while there is no significant difference between six of the seven detection methods, the Dechow et al. method provides different results. We found the Dechow, et al. method to be significantly different in detecting smoothing, although this method was different only because it detected 25 out of the total of 28 firms as income smoothing firms. Our results indicate that many more of the matched sample appear to be income smoothing firms and fewer of the SEC sample appear to smooth income.We think these results indicate that researchers should be cautious in their conclusions. While these methods provide differing results, they also provide insight into the various aspects of income smoothing and the resulting effect on earnings. Therefore this research has provided insight into the different income smoothing detection models, while also indicating that different methods are not equally suited to determine all forms of income smoothing. The appropriate methodology must be chosen to address the specific aspects of income smoothing or earnings management that the researcher is investigating.
The Associations Among Family Values, Business Ethics, The Environment, And Competition: An International Study
Authors: Bernardi Richard A. , Long Shelby P. , Roldan Paola
Published: March 2016

This paper looks at ethical attitudes among international college students and personal versus business ethics, the environment, and competition. The sample includes 541 responses from six countries (Canada, Colombia, Ecuador, Japan, Nepal United States). Hofstede s cultural dimensions were used to explain differences in the perceptions of different countries. Uncertainty avoidance was found to be the most statistically significant of Hofstedes cultural constructs. The image management Le was used to determine the self-deception of respondents. Finally, we controlled for gender when considering our hypotheses.
Entrepreneurship In The Republic Of Uzbekistan: A Model For Other Emerging Nations
Authors: Eshee, Jr. William D. , Mardanov Ismatilla , Liddell, Jr. Pearson , Liddell Gloria J.
Published: March 2016

On August 31, 1991, the Republic of Uzbekistan proclaimed its independence as a free nation. As a part of the former U.S.S.R., the Uzbekistan people were required to adhere to the mandates of the Central Government in the production of manufactured goods, agricultural commodities and other goods and services. The Republic has consistently been one of the top five cotton producing countries in the world, and its economy is largely dependent on this commodity. On March 2, 1992, the Republic was admitted as a member of the United Nations and adopted its first constitution on December 8, 1992. As the Republic completes its conversion into a truly democratic nation, its leaders have taken a strong and determined stance toward fostering entrepreneurship and economic reform, privatizing business, efficiently utilizing the land base, and reversing environmental damage to the ecology of adversely affected regions. Simultaneously, government leaders took affirmative steps to maintain cotton production in order to stabilize land use policies and finance economic reform. A significant portion of governmental efforts over the last ten years have focused on encouraging free enterprise and entrepreneurship through directives which return business decision-making to entrepreneurs and business leaders. These business decisions were previously made by the Central Government which dictated production output based upon perceived needs of the former U.S.S.R. This paper will explore how the government of Uzbekistan has promoted and nurtured a spirit of entrepreneurship among its people through policies which foster free entrepreneurial thought, build viable business entities, equitably transfer public lands to private use, and reform the economy. The leaders of this emerging nation have carefully and wisely chosen the path of free enterprise which has created an ideal environment for entrepreneurship. Their efforts have succeeded in building a nation which grows more prosperous each year. The Republic of Uzbekistan is truly a nation which should serve as a model for other emerging nations of the world.
An Institutional Approach To Operations Management In Internet Based Production Concepts
Authors: Blecker Thorsten
Published: March 2016

An important change in the socio-economic environment of industrial firms is the increasing diffusion of Internet Technologies in production processes. Applications of Internet Technologies may be directly implemented on the shop floor, e.g. in networking dislocated assembly lines, as well as in assisting management processes, e.g. in production planning and control. This leads to a strong approximation of the traditional production and operation systems and the Internet Technologies. While traditional production concepts, such as Lean Production, World Class Manufacturing and Agile Manufacturing, inevitably disregard this development, new production concepts arise that fundamentally consider the application of Internet Technologies on the shop floor. However, from a business management perspective, industrial firms have to accomplish new operating requirements deriving from this technological change. This paper provides a discussion of the consequences of Internet Technologies on operations management, as well as of production concepts based on Internet Technologies from an institutional point of view.
Marco Polo 2002: Venice By Way Of China
Authors: Fojtik Chic , Young Terry
Published: March 2016

As part of an executive MBA program, the authors visited with the top executives at multiple Chinese companies and agencies in several major cities during the summer of 2002. Businesses included several that have recently transitioned from being state-owned enterprises; pure entrepreneurial firms; and multi-national enterprises with headquarters outside of China. The visits allowed us to hear how China intends to manage its challenges and pursue its opportunities as well as to witness some early successes, emerging experiments, and looming problems. In this paper, we will share our observations, which are organized around several themes. We conclude that much of what is going on in China must be viewed as transitional and temporary. While there are serious challenges, China should be recognized as having accomplished more positive change faster than perhaps any other country in the history of the world.
Multinational Corporations And Economic/Digital Technological Divide: An Analytical Approach To Global Economic Integration
Authors: Ouandlous Arav , Narsing Anthony
Published: March 2016

Globalization is becoming a dominant characteristic of the world economy. It is exerting its sway over world markets; its asymmetrical effect on developed and developing economies is becoming more visible, particularly in recent years. The multinational corporations (MNCs), which are driving and leading this globalization process, are generating again controversies with respect to their role in developing economies. A digital and economic divide is being created between the haves and the haves-not. Did the multinational corporations contribute to reduce or increase this gap? An analytical model is developed in this paper to understand and examine the impact of inward direct investment on developing countries.
Making Graphic Management Models Smarter
Authors: Bergsteiner Harald , Avery Gayle C.
Published: March 2016

In management, graphic models are an undervalued and poorly used form of theory-building and communication that should be treated with the same rigor that is commonly demanded of text. Graphic models are highly effective for depicting and explaining organizational complexity when designed appropriately. Using two mutual influence models in accountability as an example, we point out common flaws in modelling, and suggest guidelines on how to make graphic models smarter.
Additional Certifications For CPA's: A Quality Control Issue
Authors: Neslund Kristofer C. , Hintz Arthur F. , Fedoryshyn Michael W.
Published: March 2016

Over the last twenty years public accounting firms have started to provide additional services other than attest services and tax preparation, such as business valuations and financial planning, which can be very profitable for the firms. However, the Certified Public Accountant (CPA) designation that has been used in many cases to market these services provides no assurance that the accountant is adequately trained in these new fields since CPA certification requires neither knowledge nor experience in these areas. This paper reviews the services being provided by accountants and the additional professional certifications available to help accountants deliver quality services consistent with the publics expectations of CPAs. In addition, firms that may be thinking of expanding into new niche areas can make sure that they hire professionals or train existing staff with the appropriate credentials.
The Movement To Cyberbanking
Authors: Whitmire Ray E. , Hall Steven D. , Myers Elwin R.
Published: March 2016

Five hundred financial institutions in the United States are randomly sampled each year in order to examine Internet participation present and planned by the financial institutions. Each year CEOs of selected institutions are asked about the institutions present involvement with on?line banking and their internet plans for the next two years. The usable response rates achieved in these studies have exceeded 40 percent. This paper examines the responses for the year 2001.