bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low feature dimension in image steganographic recognition
Authors: Ahmed Ismail Taha , Jamil Norziana , Hammad Baraa Tareq
Published: July 2022

Steganalysis aids in the detection of steganographic data without the need to know the embedding algorithm or the "cover" image. The researcher's major goal was to develop a Steganalysis technique that might improve recognition accuracy while utilizing a minimal feature vector dimension. A number of Steganalysis techniques have been developed to detect steganography in images. However, the steganalysis technique's performance is still limited due to their large feature vector dimension, which takes a long time to compute. The variations of texture and properties of an embedded image are clearly seen. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed Steganalysis recognition based on one of the texture features, such as gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM). As a classifier, Ada-Boost and Gaussian discriminant analysis (GDA) are used. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, we use a public database in our proposed and applied it using IStego100K datasets. The results of the experiment show that the proposed can improve accuracy greatly. It also indicates that in terms of accuracy, the Ada-Boost classifier surpassed the GDA. The comparative findings show that the proposed method outperforms other current techniques especially in terms of feature size and recognition accuracy.
Application of advanced encryption standard in the computer or handheld online year-round registration system
Authors: L. Calpito Jomar , L. Olanday Paul , C. Gallarde Alain
Published: July 2022

With various severe security threats for web applications, ensuring security on the database layer itself is imperative. Hence, this study aims to protect data saved on the computer or handheld online year-round (CHOY) registration system using the advanced encryption standard (AES) to strengthen data security within the app so that even potential attackers gain access to the app's database; they cannot obtain valuable information because it is scrambled and unreadable. The proponents based the study's conceptual framework on the symmetric and asymmetric key algorithms and procedures manual on enrollment of Southern Isabela College of arts and trades (SICAT) and ISO 25010. The study consists of three elements: developing the CHOY web app imbued with AES, testing it in terms of online registration and spam prevention, and evaluating it using the ISO 25010 in terms of compatibility, reliability, and security. The evaluation results show that implementing the AES in the CHOY web app meets the ISO 25010 criteria mentioned above.
Recomendações para o desenvolvimento de projetos em BIM em associação com a metodologia Scrum
Authors: Palha Rachel Perez , Lima Pablo Arcelino de
Published: July 2022

As práticas ágeis se estabeleceram no ramo da tecnologia da informação e vêm sendo incorporadas na gestão de projetos em diversas áreas, inclusive na construção civil. Neste trabalho, buscou-se desenvolver uma metodologia que viabilizasse o uso de tais práticas no gerenciamento de projetos para empreendimentos de arquitetura e engenharia civil concebidos em BIM (Building Information Modeling). O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma abordagem que indique como deve ser a associação entre os métodos Scrum e a implementação do BIM em incorporadoras de pequeno porte para a fase de pre-construção. Também são indicados os KPIs que podem ser utilizados para medir o sucesso da implementação. É esperado que aplicando a abordagem proposta a equipe possa desenvolver um melhor entendimento do projeto, haja melhor gestão dos recursos e entrega de valor constante ao cliente, o que traz rápidas respostas às mudanças. Além disso, é esperado que exista redução no tempo total de desenvolvimento de projeto na fase pre-construção. Desta forma, a abordagem indica que a aplicação dessas práticas associadas ao BIM traz resultados promissores, especialmente para as fases iniciais de tais projetos, quando há forte tendência de incertezas e mudanças durante sua elaboração.
Diretrizes para a tomada de decisão pelo proprietário em contratos de construção modular
Authors: Carvalho Bruno Soares de , Scheer Sergio
Published: July 2022

Esta pesquisa apresenta o desenvolvimento de um conjunto de diretrizes de apoio a tomada de decisão para contratos de construção modular pela lente do proprietário. Após levantamento de referencial conceitual sobre o tema, como uma etapa da estratégia de pesquisa foi realizada a análise de 20 documentos Request for Proposal (RFP) de obras de construção modular. Essa documentação serviu para extração dos métodos de entrega de projetos mais usuais, dos critérios de seleção da empresa fornecedora e do perfil de obra contratada. Posteriormente, com um estudo de casos múltiplos, cuja unidade de análise é o sistema construtivo, constituindo uma pesquisa exploratória, foram realizadas visitas técnicas a empresas fornecedoras com um protocolo de coleta de dados nos EUA, Canadá, Espanha e Brasil. A partir da observação direta da área de operação em 13 empresas que atuam no segmento de obras industrializadas foi possível a identificação do fluxo de valor destas empresas. Estas visitas serviram para compreensão de como acontece o fluxo de valor em obras com sistemas construtivos industrializados, além da obtenção de informações que suportam a etapa seguinte de aplicação da técnica Delphi com 11 especialistas brasileiros para estabelecimento de um consenso sobre características da construção modular nas fases de projeto, fabricação, transporte e montagem na obra. Este arcabouço de informações, obtido a partir do referencial conceitual, RFPs, visitas técnicas e técnica Delphi, é um rico conjunto de evidências que propiciou a elaboração de diretrizes para o apoio à tomada de decisão pelos proprietários de obras em construção modular
Desafios na gestão de escritórios de arquitetura: estudos de caso sobre a visão de arquitetos titulares
Authors: Trevisan Ricardo Marques , Barros Gil , Ono Rosaria
Published: July 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo divulgar os resultados de sete estudos de casos realizados com arquitetos titulares de escritórios de arquitetura com foco em planos de negócios e gestão dessas organizações. Estudos anteriores apontam para graves deficiências na gestão deste tipo de empreendimento, e recentes pesquisas realizadas pelo Conselho de Arquitetura e Urbanismo do Brasil (CAU/BR) apontam para o desalinhamento entre seu planejamento e mercado de atuação. Adotado o método de estudos de caso múltiplos, e recortando o estudo ao município de São Paulo (maior número absoluto de escritórios em atividade no país), foi criado um banco de dados georreferenciado sobre os escritórios ativos na cidade, e realizadas sete entrevistas em profundidade com arquitetos titulares. Foi constatada a atuação, de fato, em mercados segmentados e em nichos, a preservação do discurso de atuação generalista, objetivos múltiplos que incluem externalidades sociais positivas, e a necessidade de maior orientação de gestão a estes líderes. O artigo deriva da Tese de Doutorado do primeiro autor
O inesperado no estudo da África Romana
Authors: Funari Pedro Paulo
Published: July 2022

Resenha do livro: OLIVEIRA, Júlio César Magalhães de. Sociedade e cultura na África romana: oito ensaios e duas traduções. São Paulo: Intermeios, 2020.
 A resenha inicia-se com aspectos gerais, em seguida apresenta o volume, capítulo a capítulo, para concluir com um balanço geral.
A Campanha Nacional de Alfabetização e a construção do Estado em Angola, 1975-1980
Authors: Baqueiro Figueiredo Fábio
Published: July 2022

Este artigo busca examinar os processos de organização e a implementação da Campanha Nacional de Alfabetização promovida em Angola no período imediatamente posterior à independência, tomando-a como uma janela para investigar os dilemas e conflitos que marcaram o nascimento da nova nação e a consolidação do Estado, especialmente no espaço urbano, num contexto de legitimidade contestada e de proliferação de diferentes agendas políticas e interpretações sobre o significado da independência. Utilizando principalmente a cobertura da imprensa escrita e publicações oficiais, este artigo analisa a influência cubana na concepção organizacional e pedagógica da campanha, a fragilidade operacional do Estado em constituição, a atuação política autônoma dos estudantes das cidades – e os esforços do governo para enquadrar seu entusiasmo revolucionário – e a utilização da campanha como uma alavanca para a construção de um sistema universal de educação básica em Angola.
Teologia da Libertação brasileira em rede: Emaús, CESEEP e Movimento Fé e Política (1970-1990)
Authors: Freire Américo
Published: July 2022

Lideranças da Teologia da Libertação (TdL) brasileira, entre fins da década de 1970 e ao longo dos anos 1980, levaram adiante iniciativas para criar uma rede de entidades autônomas, com o propósito de formar quadros e instrumentalizar militantes políticos. Duas delas são o objeto deste trabalho: o Centro Ecumênico de Serviços à Evangelização e Educação Popular (CESEEP), fundado em 1982 e sediado em São Paulo, e o Movimento Nacional Fé e Política (MF&P), lançado em 1989 e ancorado no Centro de Defesa dos Direitos Humanos de Petrópolis (CDDH). O estudo dessas entidades envolve seu posicionamento no campo da TdL e suas estratégias de ação voltadas para processos de formação política.
“Um político no mundo das letras”: Literatura e política na trajetória de Álvaro Lins
Authors: Teixeira Flávio Weinstein
Published: July 2022

O propósito deste artigo é explorar algumas dimensões da dupla inserção de Álvaro Lins nos espaços sociais, marcados ora pelos princípios próprios aos circuitos intelectuais/literários, ora subordinados a ditames mais afeitos à lógica do político. Partindo do pressuposto de que se trata de um homem de letras que se formou num momento em que as distinções entre o espaço literário e político ainda estavam muito borradas, este artigo se debruça sobre alguns momentos da trajetória profissional de A. Lins que evidenciam o quanto essa bifrontalidade é definidora do tipo de crítico literário que ele foi. Tendo isso em vista, é dado algum destaque ao período em que ele circulou em Portugal – a partir dos anos 1940, com especial atenção para os anos 1950.
O insulto como evidência da narrativa política: o espectro da corrupção em Antapodosis (c.962)
Authors: Rust Leandro Duarte
Published: July 2022

Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre a Antapodosis, obra redigida por Liutprando de Cremona e um dos mais conhecidos documentos latinos do século X EC. O objetivo consiste em explorar o eventual significado histórico atrelado à configuração narrativa que registra a ocorrência do insulto em acontecimentos históricos envolvendo as elites imperiais. Os resultados apresentados decorrem de uma pesquisa conduzida como um estudo de Análise do Discurso. Aplicando procedimentos metodológicos e diretrizes conceituais estipulados por Michel Pêcheux e Françoise Gadet, este artigo articula a hipótese de que os registros sobre insulto funcionassem como uma figura temporal inscrita no interior de um discurso sobre “corrupção” marcado por relevantes estratégias textuais e implicações ideológicas no âmbito da política imperial do século X latino.
Frente Negra, Ação Integralista e o conservadorismo como estratégia de enfrentamento ao racismo – 1930-1937
Authors: Jacino Ramatis
Published: July 2022

Este artigo procura analisar as razões que levaram parte das lideranças negras da década de 1930 a aderir à Ação Integralista Brasileira, organização de extrema-direita, defensora de projetos políticos e socias semelhantes às do nazifascismo europeu. Busca, ainda, compreender os motivos do seu distanciamento da organização mais importante no espectro político oposto no período, o Partido Comunista do Brasil. A partir do estudo de documentos fundantes da FNB, do PCB e da AIB, confrontados com a literatura sobre o tema, foi possível perceber que a AIB possuía certas singularidades e princípios que coincidiam com as demandas dos afrodescendentes. Por outro lado, existem indícios que a negação da existência de racismo e discriminação racial no Brasil, pelas lideranças do PCB a época, teria contribuindo para aquele distanciamento.
Avanços e recuos na tradução de Koselleck no Brasil
Authors: Ribeiro Felipe
Published: July 2022

Resenha do livro: KOSELLECK, Reinhart. Uma latente filosofia do tempo. Tradução Luiz Costa Lima. São Paulo: Unesp, 2021.
A resenha busca apontar problemas na tradução mais recente de Reinhardt Koselleck no Brasil: Uma latente filosofia do tempo. Trata-se de mostrar que a tradução contém uma variedade de erros e supressões, que alteram o sentido das ideias de Koselleck, tornando o livro pouco aproveitável para trabalhos acadêmicos. A resenha se concentra unicamente em questões de tradução, uma vez que a discussão conceitual está inviabilizada por tais questões. Isto não impedirá, todavia, de entrar em algumas discussões conceituais, para apontar como a tradução falha em captar o sentido das ideias de Koselleck.
El “proceso de singularización” y los inicios de la historiografía del Holocausto (1960-1980)
Authors: Bevilacqua Gilda
Published: July 2022

En este trabajo indagaremos en las condiciones sociales, políticas y culturales en las que se han enmarcado los inicios de la historiografía académica del Holocausto (1960-1980). Inicios que, como intentaremos mostrar, estuvieron condicionados de diversas maneras por la cuestión de la “uniqueness” (unicidad/singularidad), en términos de lo que denominaremos “proceso de singularización” del Holocausto. Para eso, primero, analizaremos e historizaremos la problemática de la “uniqueness” y desarrollaremos teóricamente la idea-noción de “proceso de singularización”. Luego, propondremos una historización de los fenómenos, actores, textos y debates que han sido hitos fundamentales, tanto académicos como extra-académicos, en el devenir de ese proceso en la etapa 1960-1980, y en los inicios de la historiografía académica del Holocausto, especialmente en los casos de Estados Unidos, Alemania, Francia e Israel, en los cuales nos focalizaremos.
"Chegou a hora de na imprensa apresentar-nos": mulheres e os óbices profissionais no jornalismo, Rio de Janeiro, século XIX
Authors: Ribeiro Cristiane
Published: July 2022

O artigo almeja discutir os labores profissionais de mulheres na imprensa do século XIX, no Rio de Janeiro, especialmente o caso de Júlia de Albuquerque Sandy Aguiar. Dentro das epistemologias feministas, buscamos elencar a constituição de desigualdades e hierarquias que excluiu as mulheres do acesso igualitário ao universo impresso, isto é, trabalhadoras dos quadros pessoais dos jornais e com remuneração adequada. Como em meados do século isso foi impossível, a saída encontrada foi a criação de seus próprios jornais, em que temas relacionados a suas reivindicações despontam como centrais, seguido a uma busca por valorização e remuneração adequadas. Utilizamos como fonte o jornal Bello Sexo, publicado em 1862, para guiar nossas conclusões, uma vez que nele é possível constatar uma série de questões relacionadas às dificuldades no trabalho jornalístico para mulheres.
Panorama dos comportamentos sexuais de risco na população adulta brasileira - PNS 2019
Authors: Gomes Nayara Lopes , Lopes Claudia de Souza
Published: July 2022

OBJETIVO Descrever os comportamentos sexuais de risco dos adultos brasileiros segundo características socioeconômicas, demográficas e regionais. MÉTODOS Foram analisados dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2019, referente à população de 18 anos de idade ou mais. Considerou-se como comportamentos sexuais de risco: a iniciação sexual precoce, antes dos 15 anos, e o não uso de preservativo na última relação sexual. Foram calculadas as prevalências e respectivos intervalos de confiança para os subgrupos de interesse. RESULTADOS A iniciação sexual precoce entre indivíduos adultos foi de 24% entre os homens e 11% entre as mulheres, sendo mais alta entre jovens com menores níveis de instrução e rendimento domiciliar. O não uso de preservativo se mostrou maior entre os casados/coabitantes, sem instrução ou com nível fundamental incompleto, e entre os mais velhos. A prevalência do não uso de preservativo entre casados/coabitantes foi igual em ambos os sexos (75%). No entanto, entre os não coabitantes, a disparidade entre os sexos se mostrou relevante uma vez que 39,1% das mulheres não usaram preservativo na última relação sexual, enquanto entre os homens esse resultado foi de 26,9%. CONCLUSÃO Nota-se, especialmente entre as mulheres, maiores prevalências de iniciação sexual precoce para as gerações mais novas. No que se refere ao não uso de preservativo, há disparidades de sexo importantes no grupo dos não coabitantes, além da alta prevalência entre os mais velhos, que devem ser consideradas na elaboração das políticas públicas. Os resultados do presente estudo são extremamente relevantes para compreensão da população adulta atualmente mais vulnerável às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, após mais de cinco anos sem estatísticas oficiais a respeito em âmbito nacional.
Association of social factors and health conditions with capacity and performance
Authors: Barreto Marina Carvalho Arruda , Cartes-Velásquez Ricardo , Campos Valeria , Araújo Larissa Fortunato , Castro Shamyr Sulyvan de
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE Determine and measure the association of social factors and health conditions with worse capacity and performance levels. METHODS Dependent variables consisted of performance and capacity; independent variables comprised age, gender, level of education, personal income, and health conditions. Means (95%CI) of performance and capacity were presented according to the independent variables. Generalized linear models, using a mutual adjustment for all variables considered statistically significant (p < 0.05), measured the associations between each exposure and outcomes. Study population included 12,265 individuals. RESULTS Older women with lower education and income levels and with some health condition showed the worst performance and capacity. CONCLUSION Results showed that the capacity and performance levels of the Chilean population changed according to social demographic characteristics and health conditions.
Ingresos hospitalarios por covid-19: una herramienta de planificación sanitaria
Authors: Santolino Miguel , Alcañiz Manuela , Bolancé Catalina
Published: July 2022

OBJETIVO Predecir el número futuro de hospitalizaciones por covid-19 a partir del número de casos positivos diagnosticados. MÉTODO Usando datos del Panel covid-19 registrados en España en la Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica (Renave), se ajusta un modelo de regresión con estructura multiplicativa para explicar y predecir el número de hospitalizaciones a partir de la serie retardada de casos positivos diagnosticados durante el periodo entre el 11 de mayo de 2020 y el 20 de septiembre de 2021. Se analiza el efecto sobre el número de hospitalizaciones del tiempo transcurrido desde el inicio del programa de vacunación. RESULTADOS El número de retardos de la serie de casos positivos que mayor capacidad explicativa tiene sobre el número de hospitalizaciones es de nueve días. La variabilidad del número de hospitalizaciones explicada por el modelo es elevada (R2 ajustado: 96,6%). Antes del inicio del programa de vacunación, el número esperado de ingresos hospitalarios en el día t era igual al 20,2% de los casos positivos del día t-9 elevado a 0,906. Iniciado el programa de vacunación, este porcentaje se redujo un 0,3% diario. Con el mismo modelo se obtiene que en la primera ola de la pandemia el número de casos positivos fue más de seis veces el que figura en los registros oficiales. CONCLUSIONES Partiendo de los casos de covid-19 detectados hasta una fecha, el modelo propuesto permite estimar el número de hospitalizaciones con nueve días de antelación. Ello lo convierte en una herramienta útil para prever con cierta anticipación la presión hospitalaria que el sistema sanitario tendrá que soportar como consecuencia de la enfermedad.
Two new species of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) from Japan
Authors: TANAKA HIROTAKA , SASAKI DAISUKE , CHOI JINYEONG , HUSNIK FILIP , KAMITANI SATOSHI
Published: July 2022

Two new mealybug species (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae), namely, Dysmicoccus kunaw Tanaka sp. nov. and Phenacoccus miruku Tanaka & Choi sp. nov., collected in Japan, are described based on the morphological characteristics of the adult females. Dysmicoccus kunaw resembles D. trispinosus (Hall 1923) and D. furcillosus Williams 2004, but differs from them in having two conical cerarian setae in each anal lobe cerarius, a considerable number of dorsal multilocular pores on the abdominal segments, and two types of oral collar tubular ducts on the venter. Phenacoccus miruku is similar to P. sisymbriifolium Granara de Willink 2007 and P. similis Granara de Willink 1983, but differs by lacking quinqelocular pores anterior to the mouthparts and translucent pores on the hind tibiae, and in the shape of the circulus. A molecular phylogenetic analysis was used to investigate the phylogenetic placements of the two new species. Keys to the species of Dysmicoccus Ferris and Phenacoccus Cockerell found in Japan are provided.
Hurricane Sally (2020) Shifts the Ocean Thermal Structure across the Inner Core during Rapid Intensification over the Shelf
Authors: Dzwonkowski B. , Fournier S. , Lockridge G. , Coogan J. , Liu Z. , Park K.
Published: July 2022

Prediction of rapid intensification in tropical cyclones prior to landfall is a major societal issue. While air–sea interactions are clearly linked to storm intensity, the connections between the underlying thermal conditions over continental shelves and rapid intensification are limited. Here, an exceptional set of in situ and satellite data are used to identify spatial heterogeneity in sea surface temperatures across the inner core of Hurricane Sally (2020), a storm that rapidly intensified over the shelf. A leftward shift in the region of maximum cooling was observed as the hurricane transited from the open gulf to the shelf. This shift was generated, in part, by the surface heat flux in conjunction with the along- and across-shelf transport of heat from storm-generated coastal circulation. The spatial differences in the sea surface temperatures were large enough to potentially influence rapid intensification processes suggesting that coastal thermal features need to be accounted for to improve storm forecasting as well as to better understand how climate change will modify interactions between tropical cyclones and the coastal ocean.

Significance Statement

The connections between the underlying thermal energy in the ocean that powers tropical cyclones and rapid intensification of storms over continental shelves are limited. An exceptional set of data collected in the field as well as from space with satellites was used to identify spatial variations in sea surface temperatures across the inner core of Hurricane Sally (2020), a storm that rapidly intensified over the shelf. The spatial differences were due to the heat loss from the surface of the ocean as well as heat transport by shelf currents. The spatial differences were large enough to potentially influence how quickly storms can intensify, suggesting that coastal thermal features need to be accounted for to improve storm forecasting.
The Importance of Proximity, Target Congruence, and Guardianship of Korean Youth Victims: Applying Latent Class Analysis to Identify Subtypes of Poly-Victimization
Authors: Cho Sujung , Lee Claire Seungeun
Published: July 2022

Poly-victimization, or exposure to multiple types of victimization, is particularly common among children and adolescents. This study uses Lifestyle-Routine Activity Theory and Target Congruence Theory to examine distinct subgroups of Korean youth who have experienced poly-victimization through the estimation of a latent class analysis. This study uses a nationally representative sample—the 2018 National Survey on the Rights of Children and Youth ( N = 9,060, Grades 4–12). Results found four distinct subgroups of Korean youth who have experienced violent victimization: low risk/non-victims (54.1%), poly-victims (4.1%), verbal bullying victims (10.5%), and victims of parental abuse (31.3%). Distal outcomes such as suicidality and dropout were also examined regarding victimization experiences. Policy implications such as detecting victimization and early intervention/prevention programs are also discussed.
Impact of intersectoral health and education training on school learning outcomes and emotions
Authors: Simon Peter , Egele Viktoria S , Stark Robin
Published: July 2022

Objectives:

Schools that have partnerships with health services have shown improvements in attendance and academic performance. This study examined the effects of intersectoral educational training (IET) between the health and education sectors on students’ learning outcomes, emotional experiences and subjective task values.

Design:

In this experimental field study, students in the control group were taught about health by a regular team of teachers, the experimental group was taught by a teacher–general practitioner team. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected at three different points of time.

Setting:

The study was conducted with students aged between 13 and 14 years in three classes at a secondary school in Baden-Wuerttemberg.

Methods:

Data were collected on demographic variables as well as learning outcomes assessed by a multiple choice test. For the assessment of emotional experiences, the validated Achievement Emotions Questionnaire was used and for subjective task values a modified Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire was employed. Quantitatively, descriptive statistics were calculated and correlation analyses were conducted to explore the association of positive emotions and task value with knowledge after the intervention and follow-up.

Results:

Over time, 69 of 76 participants (91%) completed all three surveys. Both groups showed significant and sustainable knowledge increases, but there were no significant differences between the groups in knowledge increase, positive emotions and task values.

Conclusion:

Health education in public secondary schools seems useful for increasing students’ health knowledge both in the short- and longer-term. However, future research will need to examine the potential effects of IET approaches on students’ cognitive and motivational experience.
Fitting national interests with populist opportunities: intervention politics on the European radical right
Authors: Greene Toby
Published: July 2022

As European radical right parties grow in influence, and as foreign and security policy becomes more politicised, these parties have increasing potential to shape national debates on international affairs. This paper shows how radical right opposition parties seek to exploit policy dilemmas surrounding military intervention according to the nature of the political opportunity these dilemmas present in specific national settings. Its findings are based on qualitative comparative case studies of Front National, AfD and UKIP responses to intervention debates surrounding the Syrian civil war in France, Germany and the UK. I find that non-intervention is not an absolute value for radical right parties. Whilst liberal-humanitarian interventions are uniformly rejected, interventions on national security grounds, whether to combat Jihadist threats or prevent uncontrolled migration, prompt a range of responses shaped by the domestic political context. Yet even where these parties back intervention in votes, their discourse focuses on fitting the issue to the populist dimensions of their political agenda, especially attacking mainstream rivals for incompetence, duplicity or incoherence, and failing to protect the sovereignty and ethnic integrity of the nation.
When Things Go Off the Rails: Leadership Derailment in Local Government
Authors: Dula Lauren , Holmes Maja Husar , Jacobson Willow S. , Marty Kristina T.
Published: July 2022

Using focus group data, this exploratory study examines beliefs about leadership derailment among local elected officials across North Carolina. Our respondents generally conceptualized derailment as the consequences that had happened to elected leaders, particularly no longer being in office, and identified a range of problematic behaviors that can derail officials. Compared to the private sector, derailment in a public setting can impact a wider segment of society. It can occur when elected public officials violate not only professional but also broader public service values or when they have missteps outside of their governance roles.
Mapping Linguistic Shifts During Psychological Coping With the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zhu Xun
Published: July 2022

How does language change reveal the psychological trajectories of people coping with a COVID-19 infection? This study examined writings on social media over 12 weeks from people who self-reported having tested positive for COVID-19. People used fewer words reflecting anxiety and distancing but more words indicating reinterpretation over time. The language patterns for describing the experience of COVID-19 infections differed from those for describing other unrelated topics. The findings reveal the temporal dynamics of psychological adjustment to an unfolding crisis.
Nasal pillow noninvasive ventilation versus high-flow nasal therapy after extubation in surgical intensive care patients: A propensity-matched cohort study
Authors: Ohchi Yoshifumi , Kuribayashi Yoshihide , Makino Takenori , Yasuda Norihisa , Kitano Takaaki
Published: July 2022

Objective

To evaluate the tolerability and efficacy of nasal pillow-noninvasive ventilation (NP-NIV) compared with high-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) in postsurgical patients.

Methods

This propensity score-matched retrospective study enrolled postoperative patients that received NP-NIV (NP-NIV group) or HFNT (HFNT group) in the intensive care unit. Data were collected from their medical records and the tolerability and respiratory status before and after extubation were compared between the two groups.

Results

The study enrolled 83 patients in the NP-NIV group and 27 patients in the HFNT group. After propensity score matching, there were 19 patients in each group. After matching, there were no significant differences in the baseline demographic and clinical characteristics before extubation. The tolerability was similar in both groups. When the NP-NIV group was compared with the HFNT group, the respiratory rate was significantly lower (median 16 [interquartile range, 14–17] versus median 19 [interquartile range, 18–26], respectively) and the partial pressure of arterial oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio was significantly higher (median 205 [174–256] versus median 155 [130–192], respectively) at 1 h after extubation.

Conclusion

NP-NIV was equally well tolerated and provided better respiratory support than HFNT in postsurgical patients.
Spatial and Temporal Variability of Rail Transit Costs and Cost Effectiveness
Authors: Mallett Zakhary
Published: July 2022

Previous research has evaluated the temporal variability of transit costs and shown that peak period service costs more to operate in both gross and net terms. However, research on spatial variability of transit costs, particulalry for modes other than bus transit, is quite limited. Using transit agency data on labor and train allocations in the United States, I develop an accounting cost model that allocates variable and semi-fixed capital costs to times of day and each link and station of two regional rapid rail transit networks—the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District (BART) and the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA)—to evaluate temporal and spatial variability of costs and average costs per rider. I find that costs per hour are highest, but average costs per rider are lowest, during weekday peak periods in both systems, and that costs are highest and costs per rider are lowest in the urban core area of the BART system, while there is no clear spatial pattern in the MARTA system.
Effects of Heavy Slow Resistance Training Combined With Corticosteroid Injections or Tendon Needling in Patients With Lateral Elbow Tendinopathy: A 3-Arm Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Couppé Christian , Døssing Simon , Bülow Per Martin , Siersma Volkert Dirk , Zilmer Camilla Kampp , Bang Christine Winther , Høffner Rikke , Kracht Mathilde , Hogg Paul , Edström Gabriella , Kjaer Michael , Magnusson Stig Peter
Published: July 2022

Background:

Lateral elbow tendinopathy is a disabling tendon overuse injury. It remains unknown if a corticosteroid injection (CSI) or tendon needling (TN) combined with heavy slow resistance (HSR) training is superior to HSR alone in treating lateral elbow tendinopathy.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose was to investigate the effects of HSR combined with either (1) a CSI, (2) TN, or (3) placebo needling (PN) as treatment for lateral elbow tendinopathy. We hypothesized that 12 weeks of HSR in combination with a CSI or TN would have superior effects compared with PN at 12, 26, and 52 (primary endpoint) weeks’ follow-up on primary (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand [DASH] score) and secondary outcomes in patients with chronic unilateral lateral elbow tendinopathy.

Study Design:

Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1.

Methods:

A total of 60 patients with chronic unilateral lateral elbow tendinopathy were randomized to perform 12 weeks of home-based HSR with elastic band exercises combined with either (1) a CSI, (2) TN, or (3) PN, and at 12, 26, and 52 weeks, we assessed the primary outcome, the DASH score, and secondary outcomes: shortened version of the DASH (QuickDASH) score, pain (numerical rating scale [NRS] score), pain-free grip strength, and hypervascularization (power Doppler area).

Results:

A CSI, TN, and PN improved patient outcomes equally based on the DASH (Δ20 points), QuickDASH (Δ21 points), and NRS (Δ2.5 points) scores after 12 weeks. Further, after 12 weeks, a CSI also resulted in decreased hypervascularization (power Doppler area) compared with PN (Δ–2251 pixels, P = .0418). Except for the QuickDASH score (CSI increased score by Δ15 points compared with PN; P = .0427), there were no differences between the groups after 52 weeks.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that 12 weeks of HSR improved symptoms in both the short and the long term and that a CSI or TN did not amplify this effect. In addition, a CSI seemed to impair patient-reported outcomes compared with HSR alone at long-term follow-up.

Registration:

NCT02521298 ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Drug-Induced Renal Failure in the ICU
Authors: Joannidis M.
Published: July 2022

Drug-induced renal failure is a frequent complication in the setting of ICU. Generally spoken pathomechanisms leading to drug-induced renal failure can be divided into hemodynamic effects, epithelial toxicity or crystalline nephropathy. The risk of drug-induced renal failure is increased by any form of hypovolemia (i.e. true hypovolemia or reduced effective circulating volume), older age, pre-existent renal impairment, and concomitant application of two or more nephrotoxins. This article reviews drugs most frequently responsible for renal failure in the ICU and discusses preventive measures. (Int J Artif Organs 2004; 27: 1034-42)
Feasibility, Utility, and Interrater Reliability of the Cluster Headache Severity Scale, Cluster Headache Quality of Life, Cluster Headache Index, and 6-Item Headache Impact Test in Pediatric Cluster Headache
Authors: Panda Prateek Kumar , Ramachandran Aparna , Sharawat Indar Kumar , Bhat Nowneet Kumar
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Cluster headache is rare in children and only a few clinical studies have systematically evaluated cluster headache in children. Methods: This study was conducted between August 2019 and December 2021 with the primary aim to evaluate the feasibility and utility of the Cluster Headache Severity Scale in determining the severity of cluster headache in patients aged less than 18 years and monitoring response to prescribed treatment. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the feasibility and utility of Cluster Headache Quality of Life, Cluster Headache Index, and 6-item Headache Impact Test in pediatric cluster headache patients to assess the quality of life, severity, and impact of cluster headache. Results: A total of 32 children (age of onset 11.9 ± 2.3 years, age of diagnosis 13.7 ± 2.4 years, 68% boys) were enrolled. Although 30 cases had their headache episodes occurring during nighttime, only 16 children had a Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) score >41 at baseline. All children responded to prednisolone as bridging therapy and 23 of 32 showed adequate pain relief after sumatriptan nasal spray for an acute attack. The average time taken for completion of Cluster Headache Index, Cluster Headache Severity Scale, Cluster Headache Quality of Life, and Headache Impact Test–6 scores were 5.2 ± 0.7, 5.1 ± 0.8, 27.4 ± 3.5, and 6.2 ± 0.8 minutes, respectively. The interrater reliability was good for Cluster Headache Severity Scale, Cluster Headache Quality of Life, and Headache Impact Test–6 (Cronbach α 0.93, 0.81, and 0.89, respectively). There was a strong positive correlation between the Cluster Headache Severity Scale score with Headache Impact Test–6 score and Cluster Headache Quality of Life score (correlation coefficient r = 0.90 and 0.98). Conclusion: Majority of pediatric cluster headache patients are likely to respond to prednisolone and sumatriptan. Cluster Headache Severity Scale, Cluster Headache Quality of Life, and Headache Impact Test–6 can be used for pediatric cluster headache patients for treatment monitoring.
Beyond the Partnership Paradigm: Toward an Extended Typology of Government/Nonprofit Relationship Patterns
Authors: Toepler Stefan , Zimmer Annette , Levy Katja , Fröhlich Christian
Published: July 2022

This article takes a fresh look at nonprofit/government relations in the context of both the partnership literature on collaboration and the closing space literature on repression. Following the Weberian ideal-type approach, we develop a heuristic tool for nuanced analyses of relations between the sectors in comparative research that is applicable in diverse political regime settings. We integrate foundational conceptions of Salamon, Young, and Najam to develop our framework, which we then illustrate with the cases of Russia and China. While repression is not necessarily the predominant characteristic of nonprofit–government relations in authoritarian regime settings, the reduction of intersectoral relations to collaboration strategies common in Western contexts also falls short of capturing the full complexity of the relationship. Rather than trying to establish national patterns, researchers need to remain sensitive to the coexistence of multiple government/nonprofit relationship types, affecting various parts of the nonprofit sector differently.
Sustainable biodiesel production from Ceiba penandra, Mahua longifolia, and Azadirachta indica using CaO-TiO2 nano catalyst
Authors: Sujin P. , Diaz P. M. , Kings Ajith J. , Miriam L. R. Monisha
Published: July 2022

Rapid industrialization and population expansion increased the demand for petroleum-based fuels, resulting in price hike and creates serious environmental issues. Biodiesel, a clean, renewable and long-lasting alternative and for large scale production needs readily available and sustainable feedstocks. Edible and non-edible plants are abundant in Southern India, particularly Ceiba penandra (CP), Mahua longifolia (ML), and Azadirachta indica (AI), which were employed in this study in combination. An efficient heterogeneous nano-catalyst CaO-TiO2 was synthesized and employed in the transesterification process due to its recoverability and insensitivity to FFA. The catalyst was subjected to characterize by FTIR, XRD and SEM with EDX mapping. Response surface approach is engaged in this study for cost-effective production. More than 95% biodiesel yield was achieved for Ceiba penandra oil (CPO), Mahua longifolia oil (MLO), Azadirachta indica oil (AIO) and their mixture (MIO) by optimization of significant reaction parameters and the best combination was obtained as methanol oil ratio (0.32, 0.46, 0.34 and 0.42 v/v), catalyst usage (5, 6.5, 6 and 4 wt.%), mixing intensity (750, 840, 700 and 540 rpm) and duration (80, 105, 85 and 85 min) respectively with constant temperature of 70°C. Fatty acid profile was characterized by chromatograph also established the properties by ASTM and EN guidelines to confirm its compatibility in the IC engine.
A Proposed Model for Evaluating Quality of Technology Enabled Learning in Management Education Programmes
Authors: Dhouchak Priyadeep , Kumar Naresh
Published: July 2022

Most businesses today have started utilizing innovative informational technologies such as digital marketing, fin-tech, digital human resources management and business analytics. Educating people on these new skills presents a business opportunity for educational technology (edtech) companies. Many technology-enhanced learning (TEL)-based business education programmes are being developed recently, promising to enhance professional skills and knowledge. The marketing information surrounding these programmes overloads learners’ minds and makes it impossible to determine which programmes are worth their time and money. Such learning solutions are developed using competency-based education (CBE) frameworks and by leveraging TEL environments. Moreover, the complexity of CBE-TEL-based interventions makes it difficult to evaluate their quality. The present study intends to overcome this challenge by identifying the qualitative factors that enhance professional competence in TEL environments. The study proposed a new model called ‘Competence Based Technology Enabled Learning’ (COBTEL), which has been empirically tested for its validity and reliability. The model is analysed using partial least squares algorithm-based structural equation modelling to evaluate TEL-based programmes’ competence-enhancing aspects from the learners’ perspective. In addition, the utilization of the COBTEL model would assist institutes, universities and governments in improving the quality of management education programmes.
Transition from Economic Centric Managerial Roles to Knowledge-based Managerial Roles: Family Firms Sustainability through Business Model Innovation and Knowledge Creation
Authors: Butt Mehreen Waheed , Khan Shabnam , Waseem Ansar
Published: July 2022

Knowledge is key to firm growth. Managers perform knowledge-based managerial roles that foster firm growth. Surprisingly, little attention has been paid to examine the role of knowledge-based managerial roles in business model innovation (BMI). To fill this gap, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of knowledge-based managerial roles (interpersonal, informational and decisional) in facilitating BMI within the context of family-owned businesses (FOBs) in Pakistan. This research employed a quantitative research design with a deductive-research approach, and the survey method is used to collect data from FOBs of Pakistan. Data collected were analysed through SPSS 23.0 and Smart PLS 3.0. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is used to test the different relationships proposed between selected variables. Results of study exhibit that knowledge-based managerial roles (IPR, IFR and DCR) have positive and significant associations with both BMI and knowledge-creation process. Further, the knowledge-creation process acts as a partial significant mediator between all three types of Mintzberg managerial roles and BMI. The study presents a novel contribution for government and policymakers to realize the importance of FOBs and create opportunities for their survival and growth that will boost up the economic growth of the country.
Propensity to Propose and Pay Dividend: Does Firm Characteristics Matter?
Authors: Ghose Biswajit , Baruah Dikshita , Gope Kiran
Published: July 2022

The study assesses the impact of firm characteristics on the propensity to propose dividends and pay a dividend as proposed. This study uses a dataset of 4011 listed Indian non-financial firms over 15 years, spanning 2004–2005 to 2018–2019. Firm characteristics are observed to be important determinants of firms’ propensity to propose dividends and pay as proposed. With respect to a propensity to propose dividends, firms’ size, profitability, market-to-book ratio (MBR), capital expenditure, cash holding, ownership concentration, and group affiliation are found to have positive coefficients, whereas earning volatility, leverage, free cash flow (FCF) and illiquidity are found to have negative coefficients. On the contrary, with respect to a propensity to pay dividends as proposed, the study observes that size, profitability, MBR, and ownership concentration have negative coefficients, and leverage, FCF, illiquidity, and group affiliation have positive coefficients. The results are consistent for both group and stand-alone firms. These findings have practical significance for the investors since investors are likely to be more concerned about the payment of dividends as proposed rather than the mere promise to pay dividends.
The Effect of Reshoring Announcement on Company Share Price
Authors: Mazzola Erica , Piazza Mariangela , Nigro Giovanna Lo , Perrone Giovanni
Published: July 2022

The reshoring trend has gained momentum among manufacturing companies, which increasingly decide to relocate their production activities back to their home country. In this article, we explore the relationship between the motivations guiding the decision to reshore and the companies’ shareholder value. Particularly, taking an eclectic paradigm perspective, we aim to understand whether the motivations driving the companies’ decisions to reshore explain changes in the shareholder value. Empirically, we built an ad-hoc database based on 370 reshoring decisions involving the USA as a reshoring destination and announced in the 10-year time window ranging from 2009 to 2018. Our results highlight that resource seeking, market seeking and strategic asset seeking motivations positively affect the share price of the companies, while there are no market reactions when companies repatriate their activities because of efficiency-seeking motivations. This study extends previous literature offering explanations about how changes in the companies’ share price depend on the different reshoring motivations (i.e., efficiency seeking, resource seeking, market seeking, and strategic asset seeking motivations) pursued by the reshoring companies. Moreover, this study offers important implications for managers of companies undertaking reshoring decisions.
Trans Oppression Through Technical Rhetorics: A Queer Phenomenological Analysis of Institutional Documents
Authors: Moeggenberg Zarah C. , Edenfield Avery C. , Holmes Steve
Published: July 2022

Technical communication has long acknowledged that documents can be unethical and even oppressive and harmful. But not all forms or experiences of oppression are equivalent or similar, and it can be instrumental to analyze in particular how certain groups are wounded by specific documents. In this article, the authors use Ahmed's queer phenomenology to analyze institutional and government documents and demonstrate the ways that these technical documents create failed orientations. Then, through a focused analysis of a federal proposal policy, they show how these documents can produce failures for trans people in particular. The authors close by suggesting courses of actions for redressing these failures.