bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRESS MECHANICS OF REINFORCED POLYESTER COMPOSITES
Authors: MESHACH Osaretın , OLODU Dıckson Davıd
Published: January 2021

This research investigates the stress mechanics of reinforced polyester composites when exposure to a sudden impact force, using experimental and analytical methods based on impact and Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) test procedures. In this study, the stress distribution around crack tip and zone for 14 test samples with geometry 210 mm x 150 mm were investigated. KII stress intensity factors, critical stress, σC, shear stress, τnt the impact energy, E and impact strength, U were determined for each specimen. The mode I fracture toughness, KIC was found to be to be 4.97 MPa.m1/2 at a critical stress of 13.53 MPa while the mode II fracture toughness, KIIC was 1.31 MPa.m1/2 at a shear stress, τnt of 3.71 MPa. The effective thickness was found to be in the range of 80-100mm at fibre volume fraction, Vf of within 0.35-0.50. This was largely found to be as result of fibre bridging and crack arrest mechanisms. This mechanism prevented crack growth direction in specimens containing woven roving not to propagate along the original direction, but change the direction to an inclined path till failure with the exception of those containing soft and hard mat in which the crack grew in the original crack direction as the stress intensity increased. During the impact test, fibre stacking sequence played a vital role, thereby making specimens containing woven roving to resist impact damage and failure, and this resulted in fibre pull-out during fracture. The stress could be seen to concentrated at the crack tip and around the loading pins on a smaller level, compared to the level at the crack tip.
Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud oral, características socioeconómicas y de comportamiento de los pacientes fisurados menores de 7 años
Authors: Silva Cordeiro Ana Carolina , Olegário da Costa Isabel Cristina , Rampazzo Bresolin Carmela , Pettorossi Imparato José Carlos
Published: January 2021

Introducción: Labio y paladar fisurado es una malformación congénita en la región del labio y/o paladar, pudiendo ser uni o bilateral, causada por la falta de cierre de dichas estructuras, su gravedad puede variar y afectar los hábitos y la calidad de vida en relación con la salud oral. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud oral y las características socio-conductuales de pacientes fisurados menores de 7 años. Materiales y Métodos: Después de la aprobación del comité de ética, el estudio se llevó a cabo en un centro de atención clínica de los pacientes con dicha alteracion, y la muestra de conveniencia consistió en 19 pacientes cuyos cuidadores aceptaron participar y responder a los cuestionarios solicitados. Un cuestionario para medir la calidad de vida en relación con la salud oral se aplicó a los responsables. Las variables socioeconómicas se recolectaron a través de un cuestionario específico utilizado previamente, así como las preguntas sobre el miedo y el cuidado de la higiene bucal de los niños. Los datos se analizaron de manera descriptiva. Resultados: La mayoría de los pacientes pertenecían al sexo masculino y la edad media fue de 3,9 años. Gran parte de los cuidadores reportó dificultades y el miedo para la realización de la higiene bucal y alimentación de los niños. En cuanto a la calidad de vida se percibió un mayor impacto en la sesión del niño que en de la familia. Conclusión: Se puede concluir que los pacientes menores de 7 años con labio y paladar fisurados pueden tener dificultades en la limpieza y la alimentación, así como los cambios en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud oral.
Displasia ectodérmica en odontopediatría
Authors: Danelon Marcelle , Dalpasquale Giovanna , Gonzalez Garcia Luhana Santos , Gonçalves Emerenciano Nayara , Báez-Quintero Liliana Carolina , Botazzo Delbem Alberto Carlos
Published: January 2021

La displasia ectodérmica (DE) se caracteriza por ser una enfermedad hereditaria que consiste en alteraciones genéticas y ambientales, provocando hipodoncia, distrofia en uñas, cabello escaso y anomalías dentarias. El tratamiento de rehabilitación en pacientes pediátricos con DE es difícil debido al continuo crecimiento y desarrollo cráneo facial de estos niños. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo relatar un caso clínico de rehabilitación oral en paciente pediátrico diagnosticado con DE. Paciente de sexo femenino, con 5 años y 6 meses de edad que compareció a la clínica de odontopediatría en la UNIDERP. Al examen físico, extra oral, se constató que la paciente era respiradora bucal, y presentaba disminución del tercio inferior de la cara, labios protruidos y evertidos, frente prominente, nariz en “silla de montar”, escasez de cabello, pestañas y cejas, piel fina y seca. En el examen intraoral se observó ausencia de los siguientes dientes: 51/52, 61/62/63, 71/72, 81/82, y aspecto conoide de los dientes 53, 73 y 83. Al examen radiográfico se constató agenesia de 9 dientes primarios y de los gérmenes de los siguientes dientes permanentes: 11/12/13, 21/22/23, 41/42, 31/32, se observó la presencia de los gérmenes de los dientes 33 y 43. Con base en las características físicas y radiográficas se diagnosticó displasia ectodérmica hidrótica. Como conducta clínica, se optó por la instalación de mantenedores estéticos funcionales removibles, con el fin de favorecer la fonación, deglución, tonicidad muscular labial y lingual y el desenvolvimiento social.
Integración del equipo multidisciplinario en la promoción de salud bucal para niños de alto riesgo y con necesidades especiales
Authors: Barrios Lares Rosalba María
Published: January 2021

Los Centros de Desarrollo Infantil (CDI), espacio donde se desarrolló la investigación, son aquellos donde se realiza el diagnóstico temprano y la atención integral individualizada, por un equipo multidisciplinario. Objetivos: Identificar la presencia de actividades relacionadas con la salud bucal en el programa de atención que desarrollan los especialistas; identificar las especialidades en las cuales se pueda incorporar la salud bucal y describir los elementos vinculados a la teoría de salud que manejan los especialistas. Materiales y métodos: estudio de campo; utilizando técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas. Resultados: Los docentes realizan actividades de prevención, incorporando a las madres; orientan la instalación y el reforzamiento de los hábitos, incluyendo el cepillado dental (CDI1 el 50%, CDI2 62%); en ambos CDI los fisioterapistas y los terapistas ocupacionales incluyen a la boca en sus actividades, el terapista de lenguaje también la incluye en el caso del CDI2. En todas las especialidades de ambos centros se puede incluir la salud bucal en el programa de atención; los especialistas afirmaron la necesidad de incluir la misma dentro de sus rutinas (el CDI1 95%, CDI2 80%). En el equipo no hay odontólogos. En los dos centros se encontró que aproximadamente un 80% de los profesionales se ubicaron en la teoría multicausal de la salud. Se concluye que al incorporar la salud bucal de manera formal en el equipo multidisciplinario de los CDI, se brindará una mejor atención a los niños que son el fin de estos centros.
Quiste dentígero en odontología. Reporte de caso
Authors: Floriam Luís José , Danelon Marcelle , Oliveira da Silva Vlamir , Gonçalves Emerenciano Nayara , Báez-Quintero Liliana Carolina , Macchetti Kanaan Delsa Deise
Published: January 2021

El quiste dentígero es definido como una lesión quística que involucra la corona de un diente incluido que está relacionada con la unión amelocementaria. Clínicamente se manifiesta por un aumento del volumen asintomático, siendo generalmente descubierto en un examen radiográfico de rutina o por la investigación de un diente no erupcionado. Radiográficamente presenta una lesión radiolúcida unilocular asociada a un diente incluido. Este estudio presenta un caso clínico de un paciente con quiste dentígero en la región posterior de la mandíbula, tratado quirúrgicamente por medio de enucleación y exodoncia de los dientes involucrados. Paciente de género masculino, de 9 años de edad, que compareció a la Clínica de caso Odontología de la Universidad de Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Brasil, con queja de abultamiento inferior izquierdo de la cara y marcada asimetría facial, la radiografía panorámica y tomografía computarizada evidenciaron la presencia de un quiste dentígero extenso. Delante de este cuadro clínico y radiográfico, el plan de tratamiento establecido fue la enucleación del quiste para permitir la erupción de los dientes sucesores permanentes, seguido por la exodoncia de los elementos dentarios 74/75. El tratamiento quirúrgico se mostró rápido y resolutivo evidenciando que la elección del tratamiento debe ser cuidadosamente evaluado para cada caso.
GEODIVERSITY, GEOHERITAGE AND VALUES IN GEOMORPHOSITES OF THE “BRAZILIAN NORTHEASTERN CAPADÓCIA", PIAUÍ, BRAZIL
Authors: JOSÉ FRANCISCO DE ARAÚJO SILVA  , CLAUDIA MARIA SABÓIA DE AQUINO  , HIKARO KAYO DE BRITO NUNES
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os valores existentes nos geomorfossítios da Capadócia Nordestina, área localizada na Região Geográfica Imediata de Picos, Piauí, com rica geodiversidade e destacado patrimônio geomorfológico, porém, carente de medidas geoconservacionistas. As discussões fundamentaram-se nos estudos teóricos de Gray (2004; 2013; 2019); Brilha (2005; 2016); CPRM (2006); Carcavilha et al. (2014); Gordon (2018; 2019); Silva, Nascimento e Mansur (2019); entre outros. O percurso metodológico adotado no presente artigo compreende pesquisa bibliográfica, realizada por estudo de natureza qualitativa, assim como incursões à campo. Conforme as discussões propostas, conclui-se que os geomorfossítios em apreço possuem variados e significativos valores, porém, necessitam de maior divulgação e medidas de geoconservação.
Post Covid-19 Guillain-Barre Syndrome: case report
Authors: Jones Robert , Kolbe Hannah , Barton Alan
Published: January 2021

This is a case report of a 62-years-old male who developed neurological symptoms consistent with Guillain-Barre Syndrome following a hospital admission for Covid-19. As a new condition we feel there are learning points to be gained for clinicians managing patients recoveringfrom Covid-19 and discuss the symptoms, signs, and management taken in this case. The patient thankfully made a full recovery, but his case is discussed in the context of other cases in the literature. We feel that this case is different and notable as it had a longer latent period between Covid-19 resolution and Guillain-Barre Syndrome onset than any other cases reported.
Effects of Curcuma comosa Roxb. Extract on the Expression of CYP450s in Immortalized Hepatocyte-like Cells (imHC)
Authors: PETCHUAY Petdao , KITIYANANT Yindee , TUCHIDA Patoomratana , HONGENG Suradej , SA-NGIAMSUNTORN Khanit , KEERATINIJAKAL Vichien , BORWORNPINYO Suparerk , MORALES Noppawan Phumala
Published: January 2021

Hepatocytes are the most abundant liver cells that produce biotransformation enzymes, including phase I metabolism enzymes and cytochrome P450s (CYP450s). These enzymes are induced or suppressed by several drugs and chemicals. Here, immortalized hepatocyte-like cells (imHC) were applied as a novel hepatocyte to study the CYP450 enzyme expression induced by a Thai folk herb, Curcuma comosa Roxb. (C. comosa). The results demonstrated that the mRNA expression levels were dependent on cell cultivation conditions, the extract's concentration, and the duration of treatment. In the 3-day cultivation, 1 µg/mL C. comosa extract upregulated the mRNA expression levels of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 in imHC, after treatment for 48 h, which was comparable to the expression levels of those genes in HepG2 cells. In addition, C. comosa increased CYP3A4 protein expression in both imHC and HepG2 cells. Furthermore, 1 µg/mLC. comosa could neutralize erythromycin's inhibitory effect, a specific CYP3A4 inhibitor, on CYP3A4 enzyme activity. In conclusion, imHC exhibited several detoxification enzymes, and this cell could be used to replace hepatic carcinoma cells in hepatotoxic studies. The function of C. comosa as a CYP enzyme-inducing agent indicates a promising treatment for the prevention of drug-induced hepatotoxicity by activating detoxification enzymes.
Mixotrophic Growth of Astaxanthin-Rich Alga Haematococcus pluvialis using Refined Crude Glycerol as Carbon Substrate: Batch and Fed-Batch Cultivations
Authors: DECHATIWONGSE Pongsathorn , CHOORIT Wanna
Published: January 2021

Due to a current overabundance of crude glycerol produced from the biodiesel industry, the compound has the potential to be used as an inexpensive carbon source for growing the green microalga Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis), the richest source of natural astaxanthin (ATX). In order to investigate the practical use of crude glycerol, microalgal cultures were grown mixotrophically and heterotrophically in BG11 medium with the supplementation of refined crude glycerol, a mixture of glycerol and ethanol, under 2, 5 and 7 g L-1, using photoautotrophic cultivation as a control. H. pluvialis green-stage growth and red-stage ATX accumulation were effectively facilitated by mixotrophic conditions, with the highest µ of 0.27 ± 0.03 day-1 and the highest ATX content of (3.5 ± 0.4 % wt) (both observed under 7 g glycerol L-1). In contrast, growth was completely inhibited under heterotrophic conditions. Under repeated fed-batch operation, the exponential growth phase, during green-stage mixotrophic cultivation, was significantly extended from 5 days (in batch) to 24 days, making biomass yield of 1.86 ± 0.06 g DCW L-1 (around 2.6-fold higher). Monitoring of substrates (glycerol, ethanol and nitrate) in the broth was carried out and subsequently suggested that further optimization of media could be made.
Entre la reforma y la disidencia. Experiencias de docentes formados para evaluar el desempeño desde la reflexión y la colectividad
Authors: Olvera López Adriana , Frausto Martín del Campo Adrián , Roque Gómez Carlos Alberto , Toledo Santos Eber , Vázquez Rudamas José Alonso , Cruz Ángel Julio César , González Escobar Nicacia Elidia , Girón Nicolás Valerio , Salazar Cruz Yolibeth
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo es el resultado de sistematizar la experiencia de uso de un modelo de evaluación de desempeño docente basado en estándares, diseñado en México y probado en escuelas públicas mexicanas desde hace casi una década. Se inscribe en un momento en el que la evaluación del desempeño docente es tema de la agenda de política educativa y describe las implicaciones contextuales de la evaluación docente para la mejora; asimismo, analiza cada paso de la aplicación del modelo: registro de clase, valoración, conversación, elaboración de trayecto de mejora y seguimiento al trayecto. Los hallazgos muestran, entre otros, que es necesario tomar con seriedad que diversos actores escolares se involucren en la evaluación; que el modelo puesto en práctica desata un proceso de aprendizaje y coformación entre evaluadores; así como que, a partir de su evaluación, las y los docentes explicitan y amplían las expectativas sobre su quehacer, además que sitúan la mejora del mismo en los ámbitos individual y colectivo.
La construcción cotidiana de la vida sindical de los maestros de primaria
Authors: Sandoval Flores Etelvina
Published: January 2021

Trabajo que pone al descubierto la forma en que el SNTE ha conquistado importantes posiciones de poder en la estructura política del Estado, pero que se centra en el análisis de los mecanismos en que se sustenta el control sindical de sus agremiados en la vida cotidiana, para explicar su fuerza. El propósito es romper con esquemas que confieren a los dirigentes una capacidad de acción y decisión absoluta sobre los trabajadores que representan. Busca también identificar a sujetos activos que construyen, definen, cuestionan o se apropian de los mecanismos de control, bien para perpetuarlos, bien para transformarlos o que, con su participación, sienten las bases para el cambio de una política sindical que no es inamovible. El conjunto apunta a encontrar posibilidades para el desarrollo de nuevas alternativas de participación sindical dentro de la estructura escolar.
El financiamiento de la educación para la democracia en América Latina
Authors: Schiefelbein Ernesto
Published: January 2021

Durante las últimas cuatro décadas, América Latina ha dado varios pasos hacia la democracia mediante la expansión de las oportunidades de acceso a la educación para la mayor parte de los niños. Hoy en día existen tanto los recursos como una creciente presión social para lograr una mayor equidad en los resultados de la educación. Sin embargo, se requieren cambios drásticos en los métodos de enseñanza y en las políticas de asignación de recursos para que las esperanzas de una educación más democrática se hagan realidad. Las reformas educativas que han tenido lugar desde los años cincuenta, las nuevas tareas educativas deseables, los nuevos métodos de enseñanza necesarios para enfrentar esas tareas, y la viabilidad de esos métodos novedosos se comentan detalladamente en este artículo.
Impacto de los fenómenos migratorios en el aula Interculturalidad y transgeneracionalidad
Authors: Cesca Patricia
Published: January 2021

Este artículo tratará de dar visibilidad al malestar identitario resultante de la tensión de estar en la frontera, en el “entre” culturas (lo intercultural) con los deseos encontrados de cumplir con las expectativas de las generaciones anteriores (lo transgeneracional), a partir de la inserción de estudiantes de origen taiwanés en escuelas de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. El escrito se centra en jóvenes, adultos y adultos mayores taiwaneses, en tanto actores de una transmisión transgeneracional e intercultural que modifica el carácter monolítico de la cultura originaria, no sin padecimiento y llevándolos a inventar y reinventar sus identidades para tramitarlo. Se consideran centralmente como marcadores teóricos estratégicos los aportes de la pedagogía crítica y de la socioantropología, junto con un modo de concebir la subjetividad que deviene del campo del psicoanálisis. Se inscribe en una tradición de estudios que investigan las demandas que reciben las escuelas ante las transformaciones producidas por la renovada y creciente presencia de personas de orígenes diversos en sus aulas, en el marco de un mundo globalizado.
La etnografía institucional: alternativa metodológica en la investigación educativa
Authors: Vázquez Dzul Gabriel
Published: January 2021

El uso de la etnografía en el análisis de la experiencia escolar provee de mayor claridad sobre la efectividad de las acciones institucionales dirigidas a la mejora educativa. Al momento su uso se ha limitado a la descripción detallada del comportamiento del estudiante dentro y fuera del aula. En respuesta este trabajo pretende otorgarle un uso integral con vistas a complementar los enfoques cuantitativos comunes en el área. Así, el propósito principal es bosquejar el uso de la etnografía institucional como una alternativa metodológica en la investigación educativa por medio del uso de varias herramientas e instrumentos cualitativos y cuantitativos.
Educación para adultos y prácticas nacionales. Algunas reflexiones sobre el Sistema Nacional de Educación para Adultos en México, 1976-1981
Authors: Torres Carlos Alberto
Published: January 2021

Ensayo que busca sistematizar y analizar información y datos secundarios producidos en México para el quinquenio 1976-1981, considerando específicamente el Sistema Nacional de Educación de Adultos (SNEA), predecesor inmediato anterior del Programa Nacional de Alfabetización (PRONALF, posteriormente MONALF), y del Instituto Nacional para la Educación de los Adultos (INEA). En un intento descriptivo más que analítico, hacia el final discute una agenda de investigación en educación para adultos en México. Luego de la introducción se señalan algunos de los aspectos sociológicos de la educación para adultos como campo disciplinar. A continuación, se analiza la educación de los adultos y la alfabetización en México entre 1976-1981, distinguiendo las características de los educandos y la eficiencia del sistema. Por último, se propone una agenda de investigación en esta materia.
Hacer Teatro: beneficios para el desarrollo positivo en adolescentes
Authors: Motos-Teruel Tomás
Published: January 2021

Este estudio se centra en analizar las opiniones de los adolescentes sobre los beneficios que para ellos supone participar en experiencias teatrales. Se han identificado a partir de seis grupos foco, con una muestra de 53 participantes, de entre 12 y 20 años. Los resultados apuntan a que dichas prácticas: promueven habilidades personales; ofrecen una oportunidad para explorar y expresar sentimientos; proporcionan un contexto de apoyo y seguridad; posibilitan hacer amigos; incrementan habilidades comunicativas; proporcionan recursos para ser empleados en otros ámbitos y momentos de la vida; ayudan a formar la identidad y a mejorar la autoestima; desarrollan destrezas para entender a los otros, y suponen una oportunidad para evadirse de las situaciones negativas. Se discuten las limitaciones y se reconoce la necesidad de seguir investigando esta temática con otros participantes y otros diseños de investigación.
Educación no formal para la ciudadanía en América Latina
Authors: Sánchez Pérez Salvador
Published: January 2021

En este trabajo se plantea la generación de procesos de educación para la ciudadanía en contextos no formales, empleando la calle como espacio compartido, entre jóvenes de colonias marginales en la ciudad de Torreón, localizada en el centro-norte de México. Luego de una revisión bibliográfica de los conceptos de ciudadanía y de educación no formal, se plantea una estrategia de intervención con estos jóvenes por medio de la realización de murales grafiti, todo en un marco de diálogos vigorosos que llevan a la creación de consensos como forma de operar el proceso creativo completo. Los resultados obtenidos, además de los murales trabajados, van en dirección a la expansión de posibilidades y responsabilidad de los jóvenes en lo personal y como grupo ante la colectividad a la cual pertenecen.
ESTUDOS INTERDISCIPLINARES EM DIREITO II
Authors: AGNE F. B.
Published: January 2021

Assim, a alegria está relacionada com a esperança. A esperança de que se pode resistir aos obstáculos, aprender, produzir e lutar. Na organização dos capítulos desta obra - “Estudos Interdisciplinares em Direito II” - foram muitos os aprendizados e os obstáculos a serem transpassados. Mas, também, muitas foram as alegrias dentro do processo de busca por respostas.
Canada
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: January 2021

This paper on Financial Safety Net and Crisis Management for the Canada reviews the stress testing and financial stability analysis. The paper highlights that the financial system’s performance has been strong. The insurance sector has remained financially sound even in the low interest rate environment. Major banks, life insurers, and pension funds have expanded their footprints abroad. Canada has strong financial linkages with the United States. Macrofinancial vulnerabilities—notably, elevated household indebtedness and housing market imbalances—remain substantial, posing financial stability concerns. Major deposit-taking institutions would be able to manage severe macrofinancial shocks; however, mortgage insurers would probably need additional capital. Major deposit-taking institutions also hold enough liquidity buffers to withstand sizeable funding outflows. However, increased balance sheet complexity and reliance on wholesale and foreign exchange funding, and the extensive use of derivatives are some areas of concern that would warrant closer monitoring by the competent authorities and a more comprehensive quality assurance in the context of supervisory or macroprudential stress testing exercise.
Republic of Kosovo
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Published: January 2021

This paper discusses Republic of Kosovo’s Request for Purchase Under the Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI). The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the associated containment measures have severely weakened Kosovo’s economic outlook. The economy is expected to contract by 5 percent in 2020 as tourism receipts, remittances, exports of goods, and foreign direct investments will decrease due to travel restrictions and the effect of COVID-19 in trading partners and remittance-originating countries. The deteriorated economic outlook is expected to result in external and fiscal financing gaps. The RFI provides rapid and low-access financial assistance to member countries facing an urgent balance of payments need, without the need for a full-fledged economic program or reviews. It can provide support to meet a broad range of urgent needs, including those arising from commodity price shocks, natural disasters, conflict and post-conflict situations. Financial assistance under the RFI is provided in the form of outright purchases.
Exchange Rate Fluctuations and Firm Leverage
Authors: Shim Ilhyock , Kalemli-Ozcan Sebnem , Liu Xiaoxi
Published: January 2021

We quantify the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on firm leverage. When home currency appreciates, firms who hold foreign currency debt and local currency assets observe higher net worth as appreciation lowers the value of their foreign currency debt. These firms can borrow more as a result and increase their leverage. When home currency depreciates, the reverse happens as firms have to de-lever with a negative shock to their balance sheets. Using firm-level data for leverage from 10 emerging market economies during the period from 2002 to 2015, we show that firms operating in countries whose non-financial sectors hold more of the debt in foreign currency, increase (decrease) their leverage relatively more after home currency appreciations (depreciations). Combining the leverage data with firm-level FX debt data for 4 emerging market countries, we further show that our results hold at the most granular level. Our quantitative results are asymmetric: the effects of depre-ciations, that are generally associated with sudden stops, are quantitatively larger than those of appreciations, which take place at a slower pace over time during capital inflow episodes. As our exercise compares depreciations and appreciations of similar size, these results are suggestive of financial frictions being more binding during depreciations than a possible relaxation of such frictions during appreciations.
Youth Unemployment in Uruguay
Authors: Torres Jose L. , McKenzie Sidonia
Published: January 2021

Uruguay enjoys favorable social outcomes, and its labor indicators are comparable to other Latin American countries, but its youth unemployment is one of the highest in the world. To help understand this duality, we employ synthetic panels from repeated household surveys for LA6 countries from 1990-2018 to investigate the determinants of the youth-to-adult unemployment gap. We find that a large part of the Uruguayan gap cannot be explained by standard variables, which opens the possibility that other uncontrolled factors, including labor market institutions, might be at play.
Mali
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Published: January 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic and the August 2020 coup d’état have disrupted more than half a decade of strong economic performance, during which growth averaged 5 percent.1 Growth is projected to decline from 5 percent to -2 percent in 2020 both on account of the pandemic (reflecting a slowdown in external demand, travel, and FDI, as well as the impact of uncertainty and reduced mobility on domestic demand) and of post-coup disruptions in trade, transport, economic and financial flows following the sanctions imposed by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). Inflation accelerated slightly in recent months but is expected to remain below 2 percent, while the current account deficit is projected to narrow due to higher gold prices (main export) and lower oil prices (main import). Risks around the outlook are exceptionally high in light of the uncertainty surrounding the political transition, the impact of the sanctions on trade and overall activity, and continued deterioration in the security situation. Weak social safety nets amid high informality, food insecurity and a fragile healthcare system exacerbate challenges.
EFEKTIFITAS TERAPI MUROTTAL-QUR’AN DAN MUSIK KLASIK TERHADAP TINGKAT KECEMASAN IBU BERSALIN DI BPM TETI HERAWATI PALEMBANG
Authors: Wahyuni Sari , Komariah Nurul
Published: January 2021

Persalinan merupakan proses alamiah, sering kali nyeri yang dialami saat persalinan menjadikan wanita menjadi takut, cemas dan khawatir. Proses persalinan merupakan peristiwa yang melelahkan sekaligus berisiko, tidak mengherankan calon ibu yang akan melahirkan diselimuti rasa takut, panik dan gugup. Seorang wanita yang merasa cemas pada saat persalinan dapat mengancam keselamatannya dan bayinya. Salah satu manajemen kecemasan yakni dengan terapi distraksi. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis efektiftas tingkat kecemasan ibu bersalin dengan terapi murottal Qur’an dan musik klasik di BPM Teti Herawati Palembang. Desain penelitian Randomized matched two group design. Alat ukur penelitian kuesioner dan Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Analisis data dengan uji Wilcoxon dan uji Chi-Square. Hasil analis uji Wilcoxon didapatkan perbedaan yang signifikan tingkat kecemasan (p value  = 0,001)  sebelum dan setelah diberikan terapi murotal Qur’an. Begitupun dengan kelompok terapi musik klasik (p value  = 0,001). Hasil analisis Chi-Square tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap tingkat kecemasan ibu (p value = 0,336) antara ibu dengan terapi murottal Qur’an dan terapi musik klasik. Dapat disimpulkan baik terapi murotal maupun terapi musik klasik signifikan dapat mengurangi tingkat kecemasan ibu namun tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifkan antara terapi murotal Qur’an dan terapi musik klasik dalam mengurangi kecemasan ibu
PURUSHOTTAM MASS (AN EXTRA MONTH IN HINDU CALANDER)
Authors: NAURIYAL MADAN MOHAN
Published: January 2021

Two types of years are described in Indian calculation method astrology, the sun year and the moon year. Sun year is 365 days and 6 hours long and the lunar year is considered to be of 354 days. If we calculate the difference between two years, it comes to be of 11 days and it becomes roughly one month in three successive years. Thus one lunar month comes extra into existence. This month is called as “Purushottam maas”, “Adhik mas” or an extra
month. The overlord of this month is considered as “Lord Krishna” who was also born in this month.The present paper depicts the analysis of this extra month in view of “Shri Mad Bhagwat Mahapuran” and other literary scripts.
Pedagogia Libertadora e Ética Universal do Ser Humano
Authors: Polli José Renato
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem como finalidade apresentar os elementos centrais do pensamento educacional de Paulo Freire, bem como os conceitos e categorias que dão forma ao seu discurso ético, a Ética Universal do Ser Humano. Pretende sugerir que os fundamentos da Pedagogia Libertadora e da Ética Universal do Ser Humano, se constituem como referenciais para pensar o trabalho educativo como uma das possibilidades para a consolidação de um processo de emancipação em curso no horizonte histórico.
O Centro Paranaense Feminino de Cultura e o trabalho social das mulheres na cidade de Curitiba (1933-1940)
Authors: Bueno Wilma Lara
Published: January 2021

Nas primeiras décadas do século XX, o feminismo no Brasil contou com um grande número de mulheres, que na busca de se inserirem na modernização do novo papel do ser mulher, incluíram dum conjunto de atividades, entre as quais os cuidados com as crianças e mães das camadas populares. Em Curitiba, em 1933 foi criado o Centro Paranaense Feminino de Cultura (CPFC), cujo objetivo era atualização o perfil da mulher moderna bem como desenvolver programas sociais diversos, entre os quais o atendimento aos necessitados. Este artigo tem por objetivo conhecer o trabalho das mulheres em Curitiba entre os anos de 1933-1940 e o alcance de suas atividades para as transformações sociais da cidade, com base no estudo da documentação existente na instituição.
A Pedagogia da diversidade sexual humanizada
Authors: Fachini Michele
Published: January 2021

Estudo bibliográfico e interpretativo das políticas públicas de Educação em Sexualidade a partir dos movimentos sociais, dos projetos institucionais e dos marcos jurídicos e culturais analisados na trajetória do Município de Campinas, estado de São Paulo, entre os anos de 1988 a 2018, destacando uma etapa de avanços e de conquistas de direitos no campo da Sexualidade e, noutra etapa, o refluxo histórico e a recomposição dos discursos e das práticas conservadoras, no campo da Sexualidade. Apresenta a articulação dos direitos sexuais à dinâmica dos Direitos Humanos, com a proposição da Pedagogia da Diversidade e do reconhecimento da atualidade da afirmação das relações entre Gênero e Sexualidade, Emancipação e Humanização.
The Heroic Battle of Van-Vaspourakan according to the Testimonies of the Eyewitness Survivors
Authors: Svazlian Verjiné
Published: January 2021

The Young Turk leaders of the Ottoman Empire participated in World War I having expansionist objectives and with their former pan-Turkic and pan-Islamic plan to carry out the genocide of the Armenians. The mobilization and the collection of arms of the Armenians started with the war.
The governor of Van Djevdet pasha besieged the town with the Turkish armed forces. The people of Van struggled heroically, till the last drop of their blood, to defend their elementary human right for survival and their Motherland.
The testimonies and historical songs, communicated by 35 eyewitness survivors of the heroic battle of Van, which I have enscribed, audio- and video-recorded, have served as a basis for the preparation of the present article.
The Armenian Population of the Diarbekir Province of Western Armenia during Hamidian Massacres
Authors: Bablumyan Arpine
Published: January 2021

In the province of Diarbekir, as in other provinces of Western Armenia, the massacres of Armenians in 1895 were organized by the authorities and carried out by ordinary Muslim citizens as well as by the army and police. In this province, as well as in others, tens of thousands of Armenians were killed, as were hundreds of other Christians. It can also be assumed that the massacres were aimed primarily at the Armenian population, while other Christians suffered, as it was sometimes difficult to verify their ethnicity. It was not easy to stop the Kurds during the massacres. It is noteworthy that in some localities where Assyrians, Catholics and Protestants lived in greater numbers, the attackers were mainly Kurds, and the police and troops took part in the defense of population. The consequences of the massacres were not limited to the number of people who were killed: thousands of people died after they ended due to illness, stress, and starvation. According to some sources, several tens of thousands of Armenians, especially women, were forcibly Islamized in the province during the massacres. It is impossible, unfortunately, to calculate the material losses of Armenians in the province, since a thousand houses, shops, churches and monasteries were all looted and many of them were set on fire. After the massacres, the tendency for Armenians to migrate intensified.
Forcible Child Transfer as a Genocidal Act: from Conceptualization to Criminalization
Authors: Gzoyan Edita
Published: January 2021

Forcible child transfer is one of the five genocidal acts listed in the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. It forbids forcibly transferring children from one group to another with intent to destroy in whole or in part a national, ethnic, racial or religious group. Operating in the nexus of cultural and biological genocides, forcible child transfer has a unique application in comparison with the other genocidal acts as it forms a new identity for a targeted group through the destruction of its former one.
The aim of the Genocide Convention is not only to punish the worst forms of violence against national, ethnic, racial, or religious groups, but also to protect the groups quoted. As rightly mentioned in the explanation set out by the International Law Commission, “forcible child transfer could have particularly serious consequences for the future viability of the group.”
The article studies the conceptual basis of the forcible child transfer clause; the perception of the concept by Raphael Lemkin and why he has proposed it be included in the crime; some conditions of inclusion of the clause in the Genocide Convention and the use of the clause just after the end of World War II by international and national tribunals.
Mihran Herartian’s Unpublished Report on the Aleppo Missionaries
Authors: Minassian Mihran
Published: January 2021

The article presents an extensive and unpublished report, written by Mihran Herartian, on the foreign missionaries based in Aleppo in the post-genocide period who were working among the Armenian refugees. It was prepared in 1932 at the Armenian prelacy’s request. The author knew his topic, given that he collaborated with Karen Jeppe. He was well informed of her activities, as well as being the director, accountant and secretary of the League of Nations’ office for the protection of women and children, run by Karen Jeppe herself. He knew the missionaries’ everyday activities in this regard therefore his information may be considered as trustworthy and correct.
Information may be found in the report concerning missionaries like Miss Edith Roberts, Miss Hedwig Büll, Miss Bodil Biørn and Miss Karen Jeppe, as well as others. It is full of interesting evidence about the waste of money and fraud carried out by persons collaborating with the missionaries. Affirmation may also be found in it of how certain people used humanitarian work as a means of convincing the desperate refugees and convert to a new confessional identity, etc.
Herartian’s negative stance and sarcastic style towards some missionaries is obvious. The exception is Karen Jeppe, who is mentioned with great love and respect.
The publication has a short introduction and appropriate annotations.
R. Erdogan’s Myth of “Common History” and the Armenian Genocide
Authors: Tunyan Valery
Published: January 2021

The state policy in modern Turkey is to continue falsifications concerning the Armenian Genocide and the essence of the Armenian question. The newly created historic myths deny the existence of Armenia and the indigenousness of the Armenian people; their goal is to justify the Turkification and Islamization policy, as well as the disappearance of the Armenian people from their historical territories and to legitimize the politics of the extermination of the Armenians. Engaged American historians, writing about the position of the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire and Turkey, significantly contributed to this state of affairs; it allowed President Erdogan to replace the rigid policy of denial of the genocide by using tolerant formulas of common pain and common history, stating that there were an equal number of Armenian and Muslim victims. The use of the old myths about the deportation and the activities of Armenian robbers is preserved. At the same time, the process of the further modernization of Turkey under President Erdogan is acquiring new aspects and facets of Armenian Genocide denial.
REVIEW OPTIMASI ENERGI PADA PROTOKOL INTERNET OF THINGS (STUDI AWAL PERANCANGAN SISTEM TRACKING KENDARAAN BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS)
Authors: Anwar Nizirwan , Tjahjono Budi , Tarigan Masmur
Published: January 2021

Internet of Things adalah salah satu teknologi yang paling cepat berkembang. Dalam hal penggunaan dan inovasi, itu meningkat pesat. Banyak pengembangan sensor, Layanan, dan infrastruktur dilakukan. Karakteristik sistem IoT yang berbiaya rendah, energi rendah, dan pemrosesan rendah menimbulkan masalah ketika ada peningkatan jumlah node dan volume data. Dengan banyak produksi (pabrikan) perangkat yang dibangun tanpa memperhatikan standardisasi. Kondisi ini akan menyebabkan sistem turun, mengurangi tingkat keamanan, dan pada akhirnya mengurangi tingkat Kualitas Layanan.

 

Kata kunci:

Internet of Things, Optimasi energi, Biaya Rendah
SISTEM PENDUKUNG PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PENERIMAAN CALON KARYAWAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE TOPSIS (STUDI KASUS : PT. BANK MANDIRI CABANG TASIKMALAYA)
Authors: Sukmaindrayana Andri
Published: January 2021

Dalam proses seleksi calon karyawan, seringkali keputusan yang diambil bersifat subjektif. Hal ini terjadi karena tidak ada metode standar yang sistematis untuk menilai kelayakan calon karyawan. Untuk memecahkan permasalahan tersebut perlu dibuat suatu sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat membantu perusahaan.

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan merupakan suatu pendekatan (atau metodologi) untuk mendukung pengambilan keputusan. SPK menggunakan Sistem Informasi Berbasis Komputer yang fleksibel, interaktif, dan dapat diadaptasi, yang dikembangkan untuk mendukung solusi untuk masalah manajemen yang spesifik yang tidak terstruktur. SPK menggunakan data, memberikan antarmuka pengguna yang mudah, dan dapat menggabungkan pemikiran pengambil keputusan.

Topsis diperkenalkan pertama kali oleh Yoon dan Hwang tahun 1981 untuk digunakan sebagai salah satu metode dalam memecahkan masalah multikriteria (sachdeva, 2009). Topsis memberikan sebuah solusidari sejumlah arternatif yang mungkin dengan cara membandingkan setiap alternatif dengan altrnatif terbaik dan alternatif terburuk yang ada diantara alternatif-alternatif masalah. Metode ini melakukan jarak untuk melakukan perbandingan tersebut. Topsis telah digunakan dalam banyak aplikasi termasuk investasi keuangan perbandingan performasi dari perusaahaan.

Kata Kunci : Karyawan, Sistem Pendukung Keputusan, Topsis
The Relationships Between Sewing and Forward Head Posture
Authors: Diky Krisnanda Sugianto  , Safun Rahmanto  , Dimas Sondang Irawan
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The working attitude that is often done by human beings in doing work among others standing, sitting, bent, squat, walking, and others. Attitudes such as work are done hanging from the condition of the system’s existing work. Forward head posture is the incident common much going on in modern times. It is described as a gesture of brought the heads of forward from the middle part of the shoulder. Head of moving forward, so the center of gravity shifted. To compensate this shift in the center of gravity, drift the upper body backward and shoulders slipped to future that head gets a move into the anterior than vertebrae. Every activity daily life needs a posture certain to be maintained. Any deviation from the normal pattern posture affecting the joints and muscle, so as to cause the pathological condition. An imbalance in the muscles causing shortening of fiber or lengthening next leads to changes in posture. This research aims to understand the relationship that activity sew against forwarding head posture (FHP) at a tailor.Methods: This study using design cross-sectional involving 30 respondents using purposive sampling. The data from respondents carried out using a quick check the exposure (QEC) and then in test measurements forward head posture. We analyzed the data by chi-square.Results: The statistics conducted by the SPSS-24 test using chi-square showed significantly (P value= 0,018). Where if the signs have been less than 0.05 so that h1 is accepted and h0 is rejected. Conclusion: There is a correlation that activity sew against forwarding head posture on a the tailors.
Ultra-Reiz Current Appears to be More Effective Modality than Interferential for People with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Block Clinical Trial
Authors: Ahangari Mahnaz , Fashkhami Amin Norouzi , Zinalpoor Hamid , Ahangari Hamed , Sajjadi Mohamad Reza Minator
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Today, increased degenerative disease of the knee, which reduces the efficiency of the activity and quality of life, is one of the most common causes of many population complaints. It is important to properly plan and carry out non-invasive and non-pharmacological therapies to treat the pain and its consequences.  The question of which of methods effectively relieves pain, improve function and efficiently increases life quality led to a comparison of two methods, interferential and ultra-reiz (Träbert) currents therapy.

Methods: Randomized Block clinical trial carried out at Taleghani general hospital Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences from November 2017 to February 2019. The study included 104 patients of both sexes, aged 38-74 years, with knee osteoarthritis. They were selected based on exclusion and inclusion criteria. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups: A and B.  Group A, n: 52 patients, were received ultra-reiz current, and group B, n: 52 patients, were subjected to interferential current. Parameters assessment were evaluated by the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire with 5 domains:  pain, symptoms, ADL, sports/recreational activity, and quality of life. Data were collected at the 1st session and at the end of treatment (at least three times a week). The obtained results were subject to statistical analysis.

Results: Data were analyzed in SPSS software by using paired and two independent sample t-test. The mean scores before and after treatment with p-value range 0.002~0.764 showed that there were differences in pain, other symptoms, ADL, sport/recreational activity, and quality of life status between ultra-reiz and IFT groups, but the results were statistically more significant in the ultra-reiz group (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions: Our study showed that ultra-reiz and IFT were effective for patients with knee OA, but ultra-reiz became a more effective modality than IFT in OA patients.
U.S. Military Investments in Autonomy and AI: A Strategic Assessment
Authors:   Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Konaev Margarita , Chahal Husanjot , Fedasiuk Ryan , Huang Tina , Rahkovsky Ilya
Published: January 2021

This brief examines how the Pentagon’s investments in autonomy and AI may affect its military capabilities and strategic interests. It proposes that DOD invest in improving its understanding of trust in human-machine teams and leverage existing AI technologies to enhance military readiness and endurance. In the long term, investments in reliable, trustworthy, and resilient AI systems are critical for ensuring sustained military, technological, and strategic advantages.
A New Institutional Approach to Research Security in the United States: Defending a Diverse R&D Ecosystem
Authors:   Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Flagg Melissa , Arnold Zachary
Published: January 2021

U.S. research security requires trust and collaboration between those conducting R&D and the federal government. Most R&D takes place in the private sector, outside of government authority and control, and researchers are wary of federal government or law enforcement involvement in their work. Despite these challenges, as adversaries work to extract science, technology, data and know-how from the United States, the U.S. government is pursuing an ambitious research security initiative. In order to secure the 78 percent of U.S. R&D funded outside the government, authors Melissa Flagg and Zachary Arnold propose a new, public-private research security clearinghouse, with leadership from academia, business, philanthropy, and government and a presence in the most active R&D hubs across the United States.
Chinese Talent Program Tracker
Authors:   Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Weinstein Emily
Published: January 2021

China operates a number of party- and state-sponsored talent programs to recruit researchers -- Chinese citizens and non-citizens alike -- to bolster its strategic civilian and military goals. CSET has created a tracker to catalog publicly available information about these programs. This catalog is a work in progress; if you have further information on programs currently not included in it -- or if you spot an error -- please complete the form at http://bit.ly/ChineseTalent