bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ensuring Quality
Authors: Smith Arthur Richardson
Published: March 2018

A varied set of major stakeholders in higher education results in diverse perspectives on what entails quality in online higher education. Learners, employers, accreditation agencies, funding and regulatory authorities, and higher education institutions exist for different purposes. Yet, all have a common interest in the success of the learners' education. Examining the faculty role in ensuring quality in online higher education, developing a working definition of that role, and identifying considerations for faculty practice that are essential to achieving that end is the purpose of this chapter. The chapter conveys and explains the results of a thematic analysis of the requirements and expectations of the major stakeholders, their contribution toward the formulation of the working definition of the faculty role, their contribution toward the identification of significant considerations for faculty in exercising their role, and makes recommendations for further investigation.
Promotion of Research Culture in Sur University
Authors: Sakkthivel A. M. , Sharieh Ahmad
Published: March 2018

The chapter provides a concerted framework in which SUC has achieved its mission on promoting research culture among faculty members and students. The chapter provides the chronological portrayal of a SUC developed effective strategic plan with different components, how it has been successfully executed, and how it has achieved the defined results of promoting research culture. Notwithstanding the explanation about the promotion of research culture, the chapter portrays the development and execution of different research aspects through an Approach, Deployment, Results, and Improvement (ADRI) approach. The chapter also discusses the learning from the case for the readers to imbibe and implement.
Applying the TPACK Learning Trajectory in Blending Practical Teaching Experiences With Online Community of Learner's Explorations
Authors: Niess Margaret L.
Published: March 2018

Inservice teacher preparation balances theory with practical experiences to support teachers in integrate their theoretical knowledge into their teaching practice. Online instruction holds potential for this education but questions how classroom observations are conducted in the teachers' classroom practices, particularly where the teachers are geographically dispersed. This multiple case descriptive study examines an online analogue to traditional classroom observations, where the Scoop Notebook (Borko, Stecher, & Kuffner, 2005) reveals inservice teachers' Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), more specifically their TPACK-of-practice (Cochran-Smith & Lytle, 1999). The Scoop Electronic Portfolio development process describes teachers' engagement in classroom practices, transitioning their scholarly theoretical knowledge to practical knowledge through in-depth, rich reflections from classroom actions and artifacts. This course blends the practical experiences of the Scoop process with asynchronous community of learners' explorations of instructional strategies. The results describe teachers engaged in action research using Scoop artifacts as objects to think with for transforming their TPACK for integrating technologies in teaching their content, ultimately transforming their TPACK-of-practice.
The Features of a Standard INSET
Authors: Deneme Selma , Çelik Handan
Published: March 2018

Adopting a qualitative descriptive methodology, the current study aims to explore whats and hows of planning, delivery, and follow-up in in-service teacher training. While doing this, together with presenting the general picture of in-service teacher trainings in Turkey, the study also makes use of a delivered in-service teacher training program so as to find how issues regarding planning, delivery, and follow-up were dealt with. The data collected through semi-structured written interview and supported with informal dialogues and telephone conversations revealed what was done and how was done for the three components. However, similar to many other trainings, the findings showed that lack of needs assessment, hands-on practice, and follow-up unfortunately makes the training to be restricted to what is known as traditional and top-down. For this reason, the findings shed light on the reality to consider teachers' needs, their active involvement, and on-going practice for effective in-service teacher trainings.
Navigating the Terrain of Diversity
Authors: Rumano Moses , Sommers Rhoda
Published: March 2018

In this chapter the authors suggest that religious institutions are strategically and morally positioned to advocate for the inclusion of faculty from diverse backgrounds who will become the voice of the voiceless and the ambassadors for many historically oppressed and underrepresented groups in higher education. The successful integration of faculty from diverse backgrounds at predominantly European American religious institutions of higher education brings the much needed transformation into the social, spiritual, and academic lives of students. Through the lived experiences of six faculty members from diverse backgrounds serving at a variety of religious institutions, the authors discuss ways religious institutions of higher education can advocate for faculty from diverse backgrounds by adopting distinctive policies and beliefs, creating a strong support base through mentorship, and providing opportunities for professional growth to create a welcoming work environment.
Faculty Motivation in Management Education
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: March 2018

It is often observed that some institutions though better endowed in terms of, the management, leadership style, qualification and experience of the faculty and staff, the availability of material resources, yet do not fare well as compared to those where there exists motivated faculty. This is because motivated faculty can drive excellence in institutions though quality teaching and research. Management Educational institutions are no exception. Management education has undergone radical changes in last few decades. The content, instructional methodologies and facilities are among the key indicators of change as is the background and motivation of people who choose to become management teachers. Moreover, in the light of higher education becoming more complex and institutions becoming social undertakings globally, what is it about teaching management education that makes outstanding teachers love their jobs? The chapter delves into these issues and focuses on faculty motivation in management education.
Faculty Perception of Virtual 3-D Learning Environment to Assess Student Learning
Authors: Cassard Anita , Sloboda Brian W.
Published: March 2018

This chapter presents some of the methods and approaches that are used in the assessment of student outcomes in 3-D virtual learning environments. Distance learning or eLearning that includes the 3-D virtual learning environments have been increasing dramatically because of the rise in demand by students. Because of this advent in eLearning, assessment of the outcomes is crucial when measuring student learning. In addition to the measurement of student learning, the instructional designers will need assessment of student learning as a means to upgrade the 3-D virtual learning environments and maintain the relevancy of the content for students. Much of the research on measurement of outcomes is based on anecdotal evidence provided by students. A comprehensive examination of assessment of the 3-D virtual learning environment becomes paramount, so educators will have a better idea how to carefully assess outcomes of student learning.
Paradigm Shift in Teacher Training With the Intervention of Open and Distance Learning Programmes
Authors: Dimri Anil K.
Published: March 2018

In the present chapter an attempt has been made to discuss the teacher's education and training offered through Distance mode of learning and the response of the teachers to these programmes. Efforts of various committees and commissions to strengthen teacher education are also presented. IGNOU offers variety of programmes through ODL pertaining to teacher education, at different level which are offered based on the principle of networking, resource sharing and convergence. Attempt has also been made to analyse learners interest in different programmes offered through ODL by IGNOU during last three academic years and it has been noticed that there was overwhelming response of the learners for majority of the programmes. The chapter also suggests indicative interventions which need to be addressed carefully in the changing scenario particularly with the shift towards Open Education Resource (OER) and Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) with unlimited participation and open access through web which provide interactive user forums to support community interactions among stake holders.
Impact and Prevention of Misconduct in the Faculty-Student Academic Relationship
Authors: Fernandez M. Sylvia , Sacco-Bene Christine , Shatz Karen
Published: March 2018

Faculty face the conundrum of the simultaneous duality of their roles - they are both teachers and mentors. When the sanctity of the institution is compromised by inappropriate faculty-student relationships, and the purpose and integrity of university programs are compromised. One has to consider the issues of differential power, boundary crossings and violations and its impact on faculty, students, the program, and the profession. What legal and ethical responsibility do institutions have for reporting these violations? Attention must be given to the areas of vulnerability and safeguards must be put in place.
An Exploratory Analysis of TPACK Perceptions of Pre-Service Science Teachers
Authors: Reyes Jr. Vicente , Reading Christine , Rizk Nadya , Gregory Sue , Doyle Helen
Published: March 2018

Four distinct constructs were identified from a survey of a sample of pre-service science teachers at a regional Australian University. The constructs emerged after employing Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) on respondents' perceptions of pedagogical practices incorporating the use of Information Communication and Technology (ICT). The key components of the survey were derived from a Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) survey developed for a national project. For future investigations of TPACK application in university contexts, a four-construct configuration of pre-service teacher TPACK perceptions is proposed requiring empirical confirmation. This inquiry depicts a portrait of emerging domains of TPACK. The relevance of the findings and their implications for universities that rely heavily on ICT in the delivery of are discussed, especially in relation to improving teaching practices.
From “Sage on the Stage” to Facilitator of Learning
Authors: Passmore Denise
Published: March 2018

This chapter explores through phenomenological methodology the experiences of nursing faculty who transitioned from live to online teaching. These experiences are further examined through the theory of transformative learning to determine whether participants were able to transform their teaching identity from traditional classroom teacher (sage on the stage) to facilitators of learning. One-on-one interviews were conducted with 16 full-time nursing faculty at 4 state universities. Findings revealed that most faculty were originally hesitant to teach online and had multiple misconceptions regarding teaching methods and online student communication. With one exception, professional development for online teaching was limited. Most participants described transforming their teaching methods and philosophies as they gained more experience. Results implicate that faculty development should focus not only on educational principles and technology but also ways to connect with students and develop course content that helps maintain faculty identities.
Understanding Faculty and Student Attitudes About Distance Education
Authors: Li Rui , Bunk Jennifer , Smidt Esther
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this chapter is to further understand faculty and student attitudes about distance education by exploring the psychological processes through which these attitudes are influenced. The authors explored whether feelings of excitement or fear mediate and/or moderate the relationships between experiences with distance education and various faculty and student attitudes. Survey data from 152 faculty and 1,400 students from a mid-sized United States public university were collected. The results of multiple regression analyses revealed support for both mediation and moderation in both samples. Thus, feelings of excitement/fear play a large role in explaining both why and to what degree experiences with distance education relate to attitudes. The authors suggest that consistent communication about the positive aspects of distance education that instill a sense of excitement among campus communities may be helpful in shaping more positive attitudes about online learning.
Evaluation Results of Initial Training Teachers Programs in Mexico Based on the Performance of Their Students
Authors: Cardoso Edgar Oliver , Bricaire Jorge Mejía , Hurtado Fernando Briseño , Mendoza Joel García
Published: March 2018

The study aimed to evaluate the proficiency levels of students of programmes of initial teacher training in the areas of planning, evaluation, use of ICT, didactics, and research competences in institutions of higher education in Mexico. The research approach used was non-experimental because there was not a deliberate manipulation of the variables. This papers was worked with a cross-sectional design. Initial teacher training programs evaluated based on the results of their students (521 subjects in total). For the collection of data was used a questionnaire to assess competencies and get information that would make the diagnosis of initial teacher training programmes. The instrument responded in a single application and it was composed of two sections: Respondents' general data and professional skills: structured under teaching domains of planning, assessment, management, ICT usage and research. Questions were evaluated using a scale of frequency of five degrees the scale used corresponds to a Likert-type.
Preparing Next Generation Elementary Teachers for the Tools of Tomorrow
Authors: Dreon Oliver , Shettel Jennifer , Bower Kevin M.
Published: March 2018

This chapter examines the results from ongoing research of an authentic, problem-based learning (PBL) project. Embedded in an instructional technology course, the project was designed to help preservice teachers develop technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) necessary to successfully incorporate digital tools and applications in elementary classrooms (Harris, Mishra, & Koelher, 2009). The project partnered the preservice teachers with local elementary school classrooms where they served as instructional designers to develop digital media in support of a flipped classroom initiative. Results indicate that the semester-long PBL-based assignment significantly impacted the preservice teachers' TPACK development in several critical areas and can serve as a model for advancing next generation teacher education. Overarching themes that emerged and recommendations for future research are offered as well.
Role of Cyber Security in Today's Scenario
Authors: Khari Manju , Shrivastava Gulshan , Gupta Sana , Gupta Rashmi
Published: March 2018

Cyber Security is generally used as substitute with the terms Information Security and Computer Security. This work involves an introduction to the Cyber Security and history of Cyber Security is also discussed. This also includes Cyber Security that goes beyond the limits of the traditional information security to involve not only the security of information tools but also the other assets, involving the person's own confidential information. In computer security or information security, relation to the human is basically to relate their duty(s) in the security process. In Cyber security, the factor has an added dimension, referring humans as the targets for the cyber-attacks or even becoming the part of the cyber-attack unknowingly. This also involves the details about the cybercriminals and cyber risks going ahead with the classification of the Cybercrimes which is against individual, property, organisation and society. Impacts of security breaches are also discussed. Countermeasures for computer security are discussed along with the Cyber security standards, services, products, consultancy services, governance and strategies. Risk management with the security architecture has also been discussed. Other section involves the regulation and certification controls; recovery and continuity plans and Cyber security skills.
A Survey
Authors: Sharma Srishti , Gigras Yogita
Published: March 2018

The cloud computing field is an emerging field and continuously growing at a fast pace. The data stored on the public cloud is not safe as the attackers can hack or gain unauthorized access to the data and can modify its contents to harm the organizations and the users as well. They pose security threats and risks at various levels. These threats need to be removed and security actions need to be taken at right time to protect the cloud data and resources from being misused by the attackers. Some of the security measures are summarized in order to protect the data.
Cyber Attacks and Preliminary Steps in Cyber Security in National Protection
Authors: Aydin Faruk , Pusatli O. Tolga
Published: March 2018

Cyber attacks launched by individuals and/or supported by nation states have increased due to the prevalence of information technologies at critical infrastructure of the states. In this chapter, such attacks and consecutive impacts are visited. In connection with this issue, evolution of cyber threats from annoying malware to serious weapons is studied by examples; hence, precautions against such threats are visited and usage of anti-malware applications as prevalent precautions is assessed within the scope. Selected information security standards and strategies of selected states and precautions for cyber security of Turkey are studied. Our findings underline that educated citizens and companies along with public institutions should cooperate to provide a nationwide cyber security. Consequently, it is defended that governments should play an affective role to protect, educate, and guide governmental and private companies and citizens on the cyber security by promoting the cyber security topic in the successive national development plans.
Big Data Security Framework for Distributed Cloud Data Centers
Authors: Thota Chandu , Manogaran Gunasekaran , Lopez Daphne , V. Vijayakumar
Published: March 2018

The rapid development of data generation sources such as digital sensors, networks, and smart devices along with their extensive use is leading to create huge database and coins the term Big Data. Cloud Computing enables computing resources such as hardware, storage space and computing tools to be provided as IT services in a pay-as-you-go fashion with high efficiency and effectiveness. Cloud-based technologies with advantages over traditional platforms are rapidly utilized as potential hosts for big data. However, privacy and security is one of major issue in cloud computing due to its availability with very limited user-side control. This chapter proposes security architecture to prevent and secure the data and application being deployed in cloud environment with big data technology. This chapter discuss the security issues for big data in cloud computing and proposes Meta Cloud Data Storage architecture to protect big data in cloud computing environment.
DNA Cryptography
Authors: Roy Pradipta , Dey Debarati , De Debashis , Sinha Swati
Published: March 2018

In today's world, sensitive information like secret message, financial transaction, medical report, personal information is transferred over public communication channel. Since the advancement of communication begins, data security becomes a massive problem. The increasing rate of eavesdropping over communication channel leads the introduction of cryptography algorithm for data transmission. Different traditional cryptographic technique is adopted worldwide for protected data transmission. The recent advancement on this field is DNA based cryptography. This chapter describes the application of DNA as computational tool after the exposure of its capability was discovered by Leonard M. Adleman in 1994. Its random nature also helps the cryptography algorithm to become unbreakable. Conventional cryptography methods are sometimes susceptible to attack by the intruder. Therefore the idea of using codon based DNA as a computational tool is used in this cryptography method as an alternative method that fetches new hope in communication technology.
Monitoring and Auditing in the Cloud
Authors: K. Indira , A. Vennila
Published: March 2018

The cloud computing is the term which have different services such as storage, servers, and applications which are delivered to an organization's computers and devices through the Internet for both technical and economical reasons. However they are many potential cloud users are reluctant to move to cloud computing on a large scale due to the unaddressed security issues present in cloud computing and so is increased the complexity of the infrastructures behind these services. So in this chapter, the challenges faced on both auditing and monitoring is identified. Accordingly it considers an investigation which uses to produce the major security audit issues present in cloud computing today based on a framework for security subsystems. To overcome the standards of auditing and process of auditing is briefly explained. There are also many platforms that provide cloud services also those domains are listed out with domain based monitoring process.
Security Problems in Cloud Computing Environments
Authors: Jouini Mouna , Rabai Latifa Ben Arfa
Published: March 2018

Cloud computing technology is a relatively new concept of providing scalable and virtualized resources, software and hardware on demand to consumers. It presents a new technology to deliver computing resources as a service. It offers a variety of benefits like services on demand and provisioning and suffers from several weaknesses. In fact security presents a major obstacle in cloud computing adoption. In this chapter, we will deal with security problems in cloud computing systems and show how to solve these problems using a quantitative security risk assessment model named Multi-dimensional Mean Failure Cost (M2FC). In fact, we present first a deep analysis of security issues related to cloud computing environments and then propose a generic framework that analysis and evaluate cloud security problems and then propose appropriate countermeasures to solve these problems.
Cyber Security Centres for Threat Detection and Mitigation
Authors: Grobler Marthie , Jacobs Pierre , van Niekerk Brett
Published: March 2018

With the continuing evolution of cyber threats, it is only a matter of time before an organisation will suffer a major breach or there is an incident of national significance. This necessitates monitoring to detect possible incidents and mechanisms to respond and recover from breaches. This chapter provides an overview of structures to aid in threat detection and incident recovery. Security Operation Centres (SOCs), Computer Security Incident Response Teams (CSIRTs), and Security Intelligence Centres (SICs) will be covered, and the differences, benefits and limitations will be discussed. Guidance for the implementation of these security capabilities within organisations will be provided.
Cyber Space Security Assessment Case Study
Authors: Said Hanaa. M. , El Gohary Rania , Hamdy Mohamed , Salem Abdelbadeeh M.
Published: March 2018

Cyberspace is known as the digital electronic medium for the knowing range of securing in the cyberspace. Therefore the importance of inferring the reference measure in the form of assessment procedure to improve the knowledge and making the decision for the e- government services. A series of the standards build on the application of data mining methods specifically represented as decision tress model, Logistic regression, association rules model, Bayesian network for making reference measurements, to measure the extent of securing the data, and the provided services. The authors discuss various types of cyber-attacks describing how data mining helps in detection and prevention of these attacks. A comparative analysis between a set of selected frameworks is presented. Finally this chapter imparts numbers of applications for the data mining Methodologies in Cyber Security. Results applied on the site of the authority for cleaning and beautifying Cairo governorate in Egypt.
Chaotic Map for Securing Digital Content
Authors: Pandey Dhiraj , Rawat U. S.
Published: March 2018

Progressive Visual Cryptography (PVC) is quite suitable for sharing sensitive digital data. Previous research on PVC, such as Fang et al. (2006) and W.P.Fang et al.(2008) were all carrying pixel-expansion problem and also gives a poor visual quality on the recovered stacked image. Recently, Hou & Quan (2011) have developed a progressive scheme for secret sharing. It is observed that shares generated by the scheme are free from pixel expansion problem, but shares are not fully secure. In this paper, a new progressive sharing algorithm based on logistic chaotic map has been proposed to overcome the said limitation of Hou (2011) scheme. The irregular outputs of the logistic map are used to encode a secret digital information carrying image. The performance of the algorithm in the scheme of Hou (2011) is critically analyzed and compared with new suggested scheme. Empirical results are presented to showcase the performance of the authors' proposed scheme in terms of its effectiveness (imperceptibility and security) and feasibility.
Cyber Security Risks in Robotics
Authors: Priyadarshini Ishaani
Published: March 2018

With technology flourishing at a rapid rate, humans have been able to achieve considerable heights of success. Accomplishment of tasks nowadays is either a click away or a command away in most of the technological arenas. One such realm of technology is that of Robotics which has been there for almost a century and continues advancing day by day. The evolution of robotics has ranged from the basic remote controlled systems to humanoid robots. With applications as well as accuracy increasing for every new system implemented, security risks too have been making their way into the new invention. Since different robots have been created for different purposes in different fields like the defense, household, medical or the space, protecting systems against their exploitation is of utmost importance as these fields incorporate sensitive as well as intricate tasks. This chapter focuses on the security aspects of Robotics. The necessity of Cyber security in Robotics has been explored by taking different kinds of robots used in different fields. The current state of Robotics is vulnerable to many risks and several case studies have been highlighted to support the need of securing Robotics by identifying several risks to which it is vulnerable. Apart from that mitigation strategies have been discussed to secure the domain of Robotics. An attack comparison has been made for three robots in analyzing them against the vulnerabilities faced by them.
Security and Trust in Cloud Computing
Authors: Kuada Eric
Published: March 2018

The discussion of security and trust issues in this book chapter will follow from the discussions on the role of virtualization in cloud computing and hence the impact that the various categories of virtualization such as server virtualization, network virtualization, storage virtualization, and application virtualization have on the security and trust issues in cloud computing. It will be evident from these discussions that virtualization introduces a number of security and risk related challenges in cloud computing based on the three security objectives of confidentiality, integrity, and availability; and the two main other related security objectives of authenticity and accountability of information systems that were adopted for this discussion. It was however also noted that if the necessary recommended best practices of virtualizations are faithfully adhered to, then virtualization can actually lead to improvement or enhancement in the security posture of cloud environments.
The Need for a National Data Breach Notification Law
Authors: Williams Kirk Y.
Published: March 2018

Individuals, groups, organizations, companies, and foreign government agencies that threaten the National Security of other countries, not only threaten their National Security but also threaten the security of state agencies, and the security of the individuals, groups, organizations, academic institutions that are consumers of those companies. Therefore, a National Data Breach Notification Law that would inform consumers once unwanted intrusions in the form of a cyber-attack occurs that results in the disclosure of their personal and financial information is needed. In the requests for a National Data Breach Notification Law suggestions have been made on what the law should include, and how the information should be reported to the public and to the individuals affected by the cyber-attack. This chapter explores how a National Data Breach Notification Law should be produced that would require uniformity across all states with guidelines that relate to the compliance of the law as it can affect individuals, organizations, academic institutions, companies, and governmental agencies.
Does Successful Social Media Marketing Affect Brand Value?
Authors: Koch Stefan , Dikmen Asli
Published: March 2018

Brand management has been moving towards making use of multiple channels in order to engage customers, especially through social media, and sustain a more intense experience around the brand instead of depending merely on advertising. This paper will investigate the effectiveness of social media marketing activities on brand value through comparison of brand value rankings with brand engagement scores, determined by social media marketing activities. Data from a list of companies was collected and evaluated, and the authors found evidence for a relationship in some cases, especially for social networks in the form of Facebook, and for Twitter on global level. They found clear differences between Global and Turkish brands, in that Facebook is relatively and absolutely more important for brands in that country. In addition, clear differences showed up between some industries in importance of different channels for brand value.
Brands and Media Gatekeeping in the Social Media
Authors: Miliopoulou Georgia-Zozeta , Cossiavelou Vassiliki
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this paper is to examine current trends and practices regarding brand communication through the social media, as brand activation in the online social environment rises and proliferates rapidly. Believing that further interdisciplinary contributions are needed to bridge the gap between brand management on the one hand and ICT potential on the other, the authors designed and implemented an exploratory research. They interviewed middle and senior-management executives, working either in companies who promote brands in the social media or in agencies who undertake social media projects and tasks. The authors' results indicate that gatekeeping remains an integral and very important aspect of social media brand management. Most brands consider what to release rather than what not to. They withhold information based on a narrow campaign-oriented mindset which reflects traditional marketing and public relations' practices and has not embraced the requirements for transparency and openness that prevail in the digital and social media environment.
The Effectiveness of Big Data in Social Networks
Authors: Nyunt Khine Khine , Zaman Noor
Published: March 2018

In this chapter, we will discuss how “big data” is effective in “Social Networks” which will bring huge opportunities but difficulties though challenges yet ahead to the communities. Firstly, Social Media is a strategy for broadcasting, while Social Networking is a tool and a utility for connecting with others. For this perspective, we will introduce the characteristic and fundamental models of social networks and discuss the existing security & privacy for the user awareness of social networks in part I. Secondly, the technological built web based internet application of social media with Web2.0 application have transformed users to allow creation and exchange of user-generated content which play a role in big data of unstructured contents as well as structured contents. Subsequently, we will introduce the characteristic and landscaping of the big data in part II. Finally, we will discuss the algorithms for marketing and social media mining which play a role how big data fit into the social media data.
A Review of Tools for Overcoming the Challenge of Monitoring of Social Media
Authors: Figueroa Carlos , Otero Abraham
Published: March 2018

Until recently, a company's communications with the public were unidirectional and mostly limited to advertisements in mass media. This gave companies almost complete control over their brand and image. Nowadays, a new set of media, in which the public has similar capabilities for creating content as companies has emerged: social media. The growth of this medium has been exponential, endowing it with a reach that can dwarf traditional mass media. Having or not having a presence in such media is not just a choice of the company. The company's customers and the general public can generate content related to a company without the company's consent. There is no way for the company to avoid it. All they can do is listen to the conversations, engage in them, and try to dampen negative feelings while steering the overall conversation in positive directions. Given the size of social networks and the large number of conversations that they support on a daily basis, manual monitoring is impossible. In this chapter, the authors review and evaluate various tools to support the tasks of monitoring and managing the content of social media that is relevant for a company, a brand, or a product.
Multimodal Mapping of a University's Formal and Informal Online Brand
Authors: Hai-Jew Shalin
Published: March 2018

With the popularization of the Social Web (or Read-Write Web) and millions of participants in these interactive spaces, institutions of higher education have found it necessary to create online presences to promote their university brands, presence, and reputation. An important aspect of that engagement involves being aware of how their brand is represented informally (and formally) on social media platforms. Universities have traditionally maintained thin channels of formalized communications through official media channels, but in this participatory new media age, the user-generated contents and communications are created independent of the formal public relations offices. The university brand is evolving independently of official controls. Ex-post interventions to protect university reputation and brand may be too little, too late, and much of the contents are beyond the purview of the formal university. Various offices and clubs have institutional accounts on Facebook as well as wide representation of their faculty, staff, administrators, and students online. There are various microblogging accounts on Twitter. Various photo and video contents related to the institution may be found on photo- and video-sharing sites, like Flickr, and there are video channels on YouTube. All this digital content is widely available and may serve as points-of-contact for the close-in to more distal stakeholders and publics related to the institution. A recently available open-source tool enhances the capability for crawling (extracting data) these various social media platforms (through their Application Programming Interfaces or “APIs”) and enables the capture, analysis, and social network visualization of broadly available public information. Further, this tool enables the analysis of previously hidden information. This chapter introduces the application of Network Overview, Discovery and Exploration for Excel (NodeXL) to the empirical and multimodal analysis of a university's electronic presence on various social media platforms and offers some initial ideas for the analytical value of such an approach.
Retail and Social Media Marketing
Authors: Negri Francesca
Published: March 2018

The Internet has revolutionized almost every facet of business and personal life. We are facing a far-reaching revolution, driven by Social Networking Sites (SNSs) where people talk about their life, purchases, and experiences. Mobile devices and tablets are replacing computers as the main access point to the Internet. Customer expectations are rising constantly with the development of new technologies. Social Media comes in many forms: blogs, media sharing sites, forums, review sites, virtual worlds, social networking sites, etc. Social Networking Sites (SNSs), the focus of this chapter, are the most disruptive social media and a key opportunity for business. Most industries recognized in that shift the potential for a more intimate and productive relationship with customers. Nowadays, retailers have no choice in whether they do social media: they only have the choice of how well they do it. Retailers need to convert browsers to buyers, and one-time customers to loyal sharing fans, so that they become advocates in the real and virtual worlds. The shift is deep: from one-way communication to conversation, and from advertising as an interruption to the interactivity in all locations. The originality of the chapter consists on its introduction of the concept of Social Networking Sites (SNSs) as an integration of the retailing marketing mix, defining its role in a marketing strategy, and providing some managerial implications for practitioners. After an introductive overview of the trend adopting a retailer point of view, four are the chapter's cornerstones: opportunities belonging from geolocation; how to plan a social media strategy; a new channel of interaction between customers and retailers: the social customer service; how to face a crisis in a Web 2.0 context. These are four brand new ways to engage consumers. This topic is relatively new and in continuous becoming, and much of interest remains to be said about it. The chapter's approach is to present what the authors believe to be the most relevant for a retailer facing a social networking challenge.
The Internet, Social Media, and Knowledge Production and Development of Political Marketing
Authors: Ahmad Nyarwi
Published: March 2018

Though the use and development of the Internet, World Wide Web and social media and their impacts on politics have been robustly investigated, specific attention has not yet been paid to explore the impact of adaptation and use of social media by political actors and organizations on the knowledge production and generation of political marketing. In order to fill this knowledge gap, a conceptual framework to explore modes of knowledge production and generation of political marketing has been proposed. The transcendental realism approach postulated by Bhaskar (1998, 2008) and the meta-theoretical assumptions of political marketing proposed by Henneberg (2008) were adopted. A content analysis of 320 articles of Journal of Political Marketing published in between 2002 and 2015 was carried out. This work reveals that the adaptation and use of the Internet and social media have been accounted for in producing and generating the operational or the rudimentary-conceptual or the established-conceptual knowledge of political marketing.
Communicating Nation Brands Through Mass and Social Media
Authors: De Moya Maria , Jain Rajul
Published: March 2018

Nation branding efforts are the means through which many countries attempt to influence how foreign publics perceive them. However, in a media landscape that now includes not only traditional one-way media but also two-way social platforms, countries undertaking these efforts are presented with a series of new challenges. This environment makes it more difficult to manage the issues associated with a nation brand, challenges countries to better communicate their advantages, and allows the public to create its own, potentially competing, messages about a country. Building on previous work on nation and destination branding, this chapter discusses the changing media environment in which nation-branding efforts are taking place, and—through a combination of DICTION®-assisted, manual, and qualitative content analyses—provides evidence of the new media landscape in which nation branding is taking place. The challenges and opportunities created by this new context are detailed, and potential avenues for further research are discussed.
Wrestling With Contradictions in Government Social Media Practices
Authors: Haahr Lars
Published: March 2018

Research in government social media practices highlights expectations of co-creation and progression mirrored in maturity models, but research also documents low deployment degree and thereby points to a discrepancy. The paper suggests that the authors instead of co-creation and progression draw on a dialectical approach and understand the development of government social media practices as a wrestling with contradictions. The case of emerging social media practices in a Danish municipality used to illustrate this framework suggests three main categories of contradictions in emerging social media practices: Contradictions between service administration and community feeling as forms of practice, contradictions in organizing between local engagement and central control, and contradictions in the digital infrastructure between proprietary municipal websites and public social media platforms. The paper discusses if a paradox lens will enhance our understanding of inherent contradictions or the dialectical notion of contradiction serve the purpose. The paper contributes to a dialectical theory of contradictions through an analysis of emerging government social media practices.
Intelligent Wildlife Tracking Using Ubiquitous Technological Suite
Authors: Jawalkar Mayur Sunil , Desale Nayan , Suratwala Fanil , Lamkhade Amol , Mahalle Parikshit N. , Railkar Poonam N.
Published: March 2018

This paper proposes an intelligent system to track location of an individual animal or animals in wildlife sanctuary. Existing systems makes use of various technologies such as RFID, GPS, GSM, etc. RFID based systems either lack in range if passive tags are used or lack in cost effectiveness if active tags are used. Similarly, GSM based system becomes costlier and requires constant network connectivity. Hence this paper proposes a Wi-Fi based tracking system. Proposed system makes use of ubiquitous technology which encourages the use of Wi-Fi Transceivers. The Stationary Wi-Fi Transceiver consists of ESP8266 NodeMCU development board which detects the Mobile Transceiver. The Mobile Transceiver consists of ESP8266 NodeMCU attached to animals. The Stationary Wi-Fi transceiver detects Mobile Transceivers under its vicinity and sends the data to other Stationary transceiver through hop based transmission and ultimately the data is stored in the database. The mobile application accesses the location information from the database for particular animal and plots it onto the Map. This paper comprises of system architecture, proposed algorithm and mathematical model.
Microchip-Induced Tumors in Laboratory Rodents and Dogs
Authors: Albrecht Katherine
Published: March 2018

This chapter reviews literature published in oncology and toxicology journals between 1990 and 2006 addressing the effects of implanted radio-frequency (RFID) microchips on laboratory rodents and dogs. Eleven articles were reviewed in all, with eight investigating mice and rats, and three investigating dogs. In all but three of the articles, researchers observed that malignant sarcomas and other cancers formed around or adjacent to the implanted microchips. The tumors developed in both experimental and control animals and in two household pets. In nearly all cases, researchers concluded that the microchips had induced the cancers. Possible explanations for the tumors are explored, and a set of recommendations for policy makers, human patients and their doctors, veterinarians, pet owners, and oncology researchers is presented in light of these findings.
Enhancing the Daily Routines of Equine Veterinarians Using Mobile Technology
Authors: Leskinen Sonja
Published: March 2018

The goal of this paper is to introduce and understand the equine veterinarians' needs in their daily routines and develop a web-based support system to promote their work. An equine veterinarian works in both clinic and stable environments, which requires resilience and smart functionality from the support system's interfaces. Especially when horse treatment is in the stable environment, a mobile interface is required. The development of the system must also take into account the needs of the other stakeholders around horses. This paper introduces the requirements to develop a mobile interface for the web-based support system, m-equine. The trial of m-equine will start with an influenza vaccination protocol that is used by veterinarians, horse owners and riders as well as competition organizers. In conclusion the future developments and added values of the system are introduced.
Mini Livestock Ranching
Authors: Singh-Ackbarali Dimple , Maharaj Rohanie
Published: March 2018

The rising demand and cost of animal protein, food and feed insecurity, environmental and climatic challenges of livestock agriculture have made the option of insects as food sources a viable topic. This chapter presents existing information and research on edible insects, insect farms and value-added insect products and assesses insects as a potential source of food and feed. Mini livestock ranching where edible insect species are reared, can reduce some of the negative environmental effects of livestock agriculture as it will produce significantly less greenhouse gas emissions compared with traditional livestock and have similar nutritional profiles. Edible insect species also; have a much lower feed to meat ratio, require small areas of land and have an almost negligible water requirement. There is an untapped potential to increase access to this nutritious, climate-smart food via intensified semi-cultivation and raising insects in farming environments, developing value added products and also a potential for a significant source of income.
Veterinary Medicine
Authors: Carrigan Esther , Ugaz Ana , Moberly Heather K. , Page Jessica , Alpi Kristine M. , Vreeland Carol E.
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this chapter is to present the specifics of veterinary collection development within the context of general health sciences collection development. A basic understanding of the principles of collection development and its processes is assumed. The chapter provides historical background and current information on external forces that impact veterinary collections. It presents important aspects of the veterinary literature and the community of veterinary libraries and explains their impact on veterinary collection development. The chapter provides practical advice and strategies for developing and maintaining veterinary collections. It discusses important trends and future issues in veterinary collection development, including the need for an active advocacy role for veterinary collection librarians.