bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of an induction brazing installation for connecting oil and gas equipment
Authors: Cherepanov A I , Kukartsev V V , Kuznetsov A V , Kravcova E G , Dokshanin S G , Stephanenko O S
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the design of a circuit diagram of an induction heating device. The work carried out a literature review in the area under consideration. The technology of manufacturing a union is considered, which consists of manufacturing a plug, a branch pipe and a flange. Conducted research and application of induction brazing and various fields. Various elements of the equipment used in the design process are considered. A schematic flow diagram of the induction brazing unit has been developed. As a result of the work, the design of the installation for induction soldering was developed and auxiliary materials (flux, solder) were selected.
Design of an electron beam welding installation based on the existing equipment for connecting pipelines without using a vacuum
Authors: Stupina A A , Panfilov I A , Antamoshkin O A , Vaitekunene E L , Fedorova N V , Eremeev D V
Published: November 2021

The article is aimed at solving the problem of connecting pipelines using electron beam welding. During the presented study, the analysis of the object of study - the main oil pipeline was carried out, during which the main shortcomings in the formed welded joints were identified. The authors also analyzed the methods of forming welded joints, which showed the advantages of electron-beam technology. The means of electron beam welding were selected: a generator, an electron beam gun. The electrical characteristics of the installation have been calculated, which make it possible to formulate the requirements for the purchased equipment. As a result, the authors have designed an installation for electron-beam welding of joints of the main pipeline elements, which makes it possible to form welded seams up to 400 mm deep and 1 mm wide.
Induction brazing technology for pipeline connections of an automated gas metering unit
Authors: Kukartsev V V , Cherepanov A I , Dokshanin S G , Ezhemanskaya S N , Korpacheva L N , Yu Vaitekunaite P
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the connection of pipelines of an automated gas metering installation. Welding is considered as the main method of connecting pipelines and an induction pack of heating methods as proposed by the authors. In the work, a threaded connection is calculated according to the method of Anuryev V.I. On the basis of the calculations carried out by the authors using formulas from the designer’s handbook, a schematic diagram of the pipe fastening in the process of induction soldering is developed. A schematic diagram of a pipe bend is also being developed. The approach proposed by the authors will repeat the connection of pipelines of oil and gas equipment using induction packs and increase the reliability of brazed structures.
Relative positioning of UWB tags with deferred ranging
Authors: Krasnov T V , Tokarev R I , Zubicks A A
Published: November 2021

The aim of the work is to develop relative navigation systems based on ultrawideband signals. In a relative navigation system, measurements are transmitted not to the base station, but to mobile subscribers who solve the navigation problem. The work of the network with the SDS-TWR distance measurement protocol is shown and a method for reducing the load in the network of devices is proposed, in which delayed distance measurements are used.
Investigation of the parameters of direct laser growing and subsequent processing to obtain a defect-free structure of a material made of a heat-resistant EP648 alloy
Authors: Khakimov A M , Nikitin K V , Zhatkin S S
Published: November 2021

This paper presents the development of stable modes of additive technology of direct laser growing, using the starting material - a metal powder made of heat-resistant EP648 alloy of Russian production. The subsequent heat treatment of the manufactured samples was tested in order to avoid the formation of cracks in the structure of the material formed as a result of the presence of internal stresses after surfacing. Recommendations for further research are given.
The numerical optimization methods usage for choosing blisk trajectory during PVD coating deposition
Authors: Oleinik A , Vardanyan E
Published: November 2021

PVD coating deposition is a considerable way to prevent the gas turbine engine blade from erosive wear. However, the process for blisks is complicated by the part complex shape which leads to uneven film thickness. The research considers an approach for optimizing the blisk trajectory in a vacuum chamber. This approach reduced the calculated non-uniformity of the coating thickness from 4.3-10.8 to 6.2-10.4 μm.
Improving the accuracy of designing a delta robot for 3D printing
Authors: Zrazhevskiy A V , Mikhailov A V , Zalomskii A S , Kononenko V I , Sukmanov D A
Published: November 2021

Currently, there is a need in the industry for design changes to existing installations, such as conveyor lines, various machine tools, 3D printers, and so on. Designing delta robots for 3D printers reveals the advantages of using delta robots as working parts of printers compared to traditional designs. In this article, the direct and inverse problems of the kinematics of the delta robot are solved in a geometric way. Also, dependencies for the search for angular velocities and accelerations of the input links were obtained, which allows in the future to design more accurate working bodies of 3D printers. The research was carried out through mathematical modeling.
The Industry 4.0 technological and information processes cyber-modelling
Authors: Gurjanov A V , Zakoldaev D A , Zharinov I O , Zharinov O O
Published: November 2021

Cyber-modelling is the information models simulation process describing in a mathematical and formal logic languages (phenomenon models) how cyber-physical systems interaction mechanisms are united with different control laws and parameter values. The equation complexity represented in different levels of cyber-physical production systems hierarchy and non-equations of algebra, logic, end-subtraction, vector and matrices form in a discreet and uninterrupted times are defined with an aggregated number in the industrial automatics element control loop. The cyber-modelling is done for statistic and dynamic processes and equipment states being monitored in a virtual environment fixating actual in a time interval technological data. The cyber-modelling is done with integrated calculation equipment systems with parallel physical production processes of item manufacturing. The model time faster than physical processes let prognosticate the corrections modifying control signals and phase variables of cyber-physical systems united in an assembly conveyor. The cyber-modelling advantage is an expanded number of cycles to optimize the technological processes, which are calculated with integrated calculation systems using consecutive approximation method. They describe the cyber-modelling technology and propose the information models based on phenomenon cyber-physical production processes descriptions with general control theory terms, calculations and connection for hierarchy controlling structures.
Improving the quality parameters of a fibrous pulp in the process of knife milling
Authors: Zyryanov D E , Reshetova N S , Marchenko R A
Published: November 2021

Pulp and paper products in the modern world are used in a variety of types and areas, due to which the issue of improving paper production technologies is relevant. The article presents the results of grinding fibrous semi-finished products using the knife method. A disc mill with an original knife set was used as the unit under study. For the most effective modes of grinding were selected to obtain raw materials with high quality indicators.
Development of technology for obtaining starch gluing modified with uzkhitan and hydrolyzed emulsion
Authors: Mardonov Salokhiddin , Shokirov Laziz , Rakhimov Khakim
Published: November 2021

In this article, in order to reduce the consumption of starch for gluing warp threads and reduce the cost of sizing materials used in sizing and improve the quality of threads, an effective gluing composition was created based on a hydrolyzed acrylic emulsion (GAE) and uzkhitan (chitosan and carboxymethyl cellulose), that is, corn starch polymer and studied their rheological properties. In the article, the main threads passing through the gluing process and moving at a certain speed, which are then impregnated with liquid gluing. Then they pass through a nip roller and a drying drum, are subjected to friction and form a layer of a certain thickness. A theoretical analysis of the surface of the warp threads is carried out to determine the change in the diameter of the threads when a layer of a certain thickness is formed on their surface.
Working in of roller ends and bars of cylindrical roller bearings at combined radial and axial loads
Authors: Klebanov I M , Murashkin V V , Kondratev M I , Adeyanov I E , Polyakov K A
Published: November 2021

The paper investigates the influence of the process of running-in the ends of rollers and sides of cylindrical roller bearings on the conditions of hydrodynamic contact of these parts: the formation of an oil film and friction. For this purpose, the results of finite element modeling of the stress-strain state of the bearing parts in contact: the inner ring, the side flange and a fragment of the axle of the wheelset, and the multi-mass simulation of the dynamics of the bearing operation are used. The influence of the yaw angle of the roller on the size and shape of the contact area on the side is investigated. The dependences for calculating the thickness of the oil film in the contact between the ends of the rollers and the flanges of the bearing rings are being refined, which now make it possible to take into account the misaligned position of these parts during their force interaction. The results are illustrated using the example of a roller bearing of standard size 232926.
Post-buckling behavior estimation of rigidly supported cylindrical composite panels in case shear
Authors: Mitrofanov O V , Osman M
Published: November 2021

We present the solution of the geometrically nonlinear problem of the shear-critical behavior of a thin composite cylindrical panel of small curvature of orthotropic structure. The obtained solution considers the conditions of all-round rigid support. The expression for determining the membrane stresses arising in the supercritical state is given. When considering a linear problem, expressions for determining the critical shear flow are given. A method for determining the nonlinear stress-strain state in the overcritical state for a given thickness and stacking of an orthotropic panel is presented. The obtained solutions can be used in the design of load-bearing cylindrical panels, as well as in the analysis of geometrically nonlinear behavior of defects such as delaminations.
Mathematical assessment of the depth of the passive method of induced polarization based on experimental data
Authors: Belolipetskii P V , Potylitsyn V S , Shajdurov G Y , Romanov V V
Published: November 2021

The article discusses a numerical model for assessing the depth for the passive method of induced polarization based on previously obtained experimental data at the Samson field (Republic of Khakassia). The model is based on the mathematical model of Komarov, who derived equations for the anomalous polarizability of a sphere observed on the Earth’s day surface, the proposed model for estimating the depth of the anomaly depends on the size of the proposed field and the induced polarization coefficient observed on the surface. In the course of the numerical assessment, it was shown that there is a convergence of data from field observations, exploration drilling and mathematical modeling.
Probabilistic nature of water and environmental standards
Authors: Rosental M , Sambursky G A
Published: November 2021

Determination of permissible concentrations of pollutants in relation to water bodies and water quality is the basis for further measures to form technological approaches to water treatment and wastewater treatment, to determine the standards of permissible exposure and technological indicators. The main standard, which is the basis for such calculations - the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of pollutants or the approximate safe level of exposure (S), are threshold (deterministic) values. It is assumed that the establishment, for example, of the MPC for fisheries water bodies is based on the analysis of toxicological indicators. However, in fact, rationing is carried out on the basis of selective toxicological studies [1], which do not provide such determinism. The obtained data characterize only the influence of the selected levels of toxicant concentration on the studied organisms.
Reduction of the carbon footprint of cargo vehicles with pneumatic recovery of braking energy
Authors: Egorov A V , Kaizer Yu F , Lysyannikov A V , Zhelukevich R B , Kuznetsov A V , Shram V G , Pavlov A I , Smirnov M Yu
Published: November 2021

Reducing carbon dioxide emissions by passenger vehicles allows you to achieve the use of electric power plants and hybrid power plants made on the basis of thermal internal combustion engines and electric machines. However, the application of the above-mentioned approach for trucks is associated with significant difficulties due to the low specific capacity of the chemical current sources currently used. The recovery of braking energy of cargo vehicles in the pneumatic form is constrained by the need to achieve a high speed of switching on the pneumatic recuperator. In order to minimize the energy losses of the pneumatic recuperator during acceleration and steady-state. Without changing the design and reducing the reliability of the internal combustion engine, it is possible to supply air to its inlet at pressures not exceeding 350 kPa. When air is supplied to the internal combustion engine inlet at pressures of 200 and 300 kPa, it is possible to reduce specific carbon dioxide emissions by 16 and 37 % per unit of generated mechanical energy, respectively, compared to air supply under normal atmospheric conditions.
Counter-rotating electric generator for wind power plants with liquid metal energy transfer
Authors: Egorov A V , Kaizer Yu F , Lysyannikov A V , Kuznetsov A V , Shram V G , Pavlov A I , Smirnov M Yu , Kuznetsova P A
Published: November 2021

The problem of creating effective structures that ensure mutual rotation of the rotor and stator of an electric generator. The wide practical application of counter-rotor wind-electric generators, which provide a significant increase in specific power, is hindered by the disadvantages and low reliability of existing systems for removing electric energy from the windings of a rotating counter-rotor, due to the dry friction mode. It is possible to increase the reliability of the contact removal of electrical energy from the counter rotor (rotating stator) by replacing solid brushes with liquid metal contact groups, which will lead to a certain increase in the resistivity of the contact group, compensated by the contact area of the liquid metal with the contact ring. It is most advisable to use liquid metal contact groups based on gallium, which will raise the permissible temperature limit of operation by about 2 times compared to the achieved level to 275 °C and, thereby, additionally raise the specific power of the electric generator.
Study of the operation features of CHP cooling tower in conditions of forced air supply
Authors: Medyakov A A , Sadovin D N , Ostashenkov A P , Bashmakova A N , Lastochkin D M
Published: November 2021

In our country, at thermal and nuclear power plants, tower cooling towers built in 1960-1975 are still in operation. At the same time, the construction of new facilities and the modernization of existing installations requires a high-quality mathematical study of technical solutions. As part of the work, it is proposed to simulate the operation of a tower cooling tower, subject to additional forced air supply. Using the equations of heat and material balance for the cooling tower, a mathematical model of the operation of the cooling tower was developed in Microsoft Excel. The modelling of the operation of the cooling tower in the design conditions of the city of Yoshkar-Ola, as well as when installing additional fans of various capacities, has been carried out.
Kinetic scheme of the synthesis of butadiene rubber on a modified lithium catalytic system taking into account its polycentricity
Authors: Garifullina E V , Bronskaya V V , Aminova G A , Manuyko G V , Kharitonova O S , Ignashina T V , Balzamov D S
Published: November 2021

A mathematical simulation of the synthesis of butadiene rubber in a batch reactor under the action of an organolithium catalytic system in the presence of a modifier and with the addition of toluene to a solvent is carried out. A kinetic scheme of the process is proposed and the velocity constants of the elementary stages are determined on the basis of the developed model.
Phospholipids from plant materials as a corrosion inhibitor in oil production
Authors: Lesik E I , Buryukin F A , Vaganov R A
Published: November 2021

The article presents the assessment results of carbon steel corrosion rate in 15% hydrochloric acid (aqueous solution) in the presence of phospholipids at 60 °C. The corrosion intensity was estimated from the rate of weight loss; the intensity of electrochemical corrosion was determined from the value of the corrosion current density. Phospholipids were isolated from vegetable oil waste. Surfactants of various operating principles were used as samples for comparison and enhancing the additives efficiency. It was found that the use of phospholipids under experimental conditions made it possible to provide protective properties up to 86.5% for phospholipids individually and up to 95% in a 50:50 mixture with a cationic surfactant.
On the use of products of the organic matter extraction from coal as a component of fuels
Authors: Kositsyna S S , Safin V A , Buryukin F A
Published: November 2021

Extraction of the coal organic mass under the influence of organic dissolvent is a method of conversing coal into liquid products. The need for the further development of this technology is associated with the need to search for alternative direct liquefaction and gasification technologies for obtaining alternative fuel products. The paper presents the analysis results of hydrocarbon fractions 112-400 °C, obtained by joint heat treatment of coal and catalytic cracking heavy gas oil according to some quality indicators of traditional fuels. In general, according to some indicators this product is close to boiler fuels. But aromatic hydrocarbons and olefins predominate in the extraction products if we take into account chemical structure. So, it requires their hydrogenation improving.
Analysis of subharmonic oscillations in multi-phase ferroresonance circuits using a mathematical model
Authors: Tovboyev A N , Mardonov D Sh , Mamatazimov A X , Samatova S S
Published: November 2021

The article about solution of system of nonlinear differential equations that are almost impossible to solve by analytical methods by constructing a mathematical model of nonlinear oscillations occurring in three-phase ferroresonance circuits. A system of nonlinear differential equations was formed by approximating the volt-ampere characteristics of a ferromagnetic element in a ferroresonance circuit. Mathematical models for solving technical problems characterizing subharmonic oscillation processes in three-phase ferroresonance circuits and systems using the finite-difference method are expressed in the form of differential equations without appropriate initial conditions. Amathematical model of a system of equations representing subharmonic oscillations in ferroresonance connections depending on the value of the selected parameters in the field of change of any variable is considered.
Conceptual models of information production cycles and optimal management of environmental pollution and health risks
Authors: Balter B M , Balter D B , Egorov V V , Romanova E Yu , Podzorova M I , Faminskaya M V
Published: November 2021

In this paper, variants of the theoretical formalism are presented, which allow one to quantify the information flows in the optimal control system. The fundamental role of feedback is substantiated: observation ↔ control: information circulation through the feedback loop, when the information embedded in the object through its control, at the next time step, returns to the controlling subject in the form of information contained in observations of the object.
The ability of natural gas to reduce soot content in diesel exhaust gases
Authors: Rossokhin A V , Vasiliev A O , Valiev A R , Gordeev A A , Kazakov Yu F , Alatyrev A S
Published: November 2021

In accordance with the priority directions of development of the motor transport complex of the RF, the use of NGV fuel in transport should expand and by 2035 reach 50% of the total number of trucks and buses in large cities. This is due to a number of factors. The paper presents the results of studies confirming the effectiveness of using natural gas to reduce soot emissions with exhaust gases. In particular, the dynamics of the formation and burnout of soot particles by the angle of rotation of the crankshaft at the working operating mode is considered.
Antifriction properties of ceramic materials under high-speed sliding process
Authors: Alisin V V
Published: November 2021

The issues of tribology of a composite cermet material under high-speed short-term dry sliding friction process are discussed in this article. The possibility of reducing the friction coefficient due to the processing of cermet with selenium vapor is substantiated. Model experiments were carried out on a laboratory friction machine according to the pin-on-disk test at sliding speeds up to 100 m/s. Experimental dependences of the coefficient of friction on speed, load and the effect of mechanical properties on friction and wear of a friction couple are analyzed. These studies were based on the assumption about the possibility of reducing the friction coefficient of cermet by processing in chalcogen vapor and restoring the antifriction properties of the resulting lubricating film with an increase in temperature from friction heating of friction surfaces. It is proposed to carry out processing in chalcogen vapors of thermal protection ceramic coatings of the housings of the axial machines gas path, in particular, in aircraft engines. This technological process in conditions of emergency contact of the housing with the blades of the rapidly rotating disk will reduce the risk of engine destruction with catastrophic consequences.
Methodology for estimating the resource of the friction vibration damper of a freight car trolley
Authors: Cherepov Oleg , Antropov Aleksandr , Karmatskiy Vitaliy , Arkhipov Andrey , Lapshin Vasiliy
Published: November 2021

The concept of digitalization of railway transport and the introduction of digital technologies provides for the creation of a “Digital Railway” based on a “Digital Twin”, including a “Digital Twin” of a car, which implements a number of information and organizational measures aimed at assessing the current technical condition of a real car during its operation; reducing the cost of the life cycle of the car; increasing the reliability of assemblies and parts (increasing the overhaul life); reduced maintenance costs; creation of a service maintenance system for freight cars throughout the life cycle. However, the wear of vibration damper parts is the most important parameter that determines the turnaround time, the volume of repairs and the dynamic qualities of the car, which requires more detailed and reliable scientific substantiation. The assessment of the wear of vibration damper parts (friction bar, friction wedge, bolster) is carried out in two ways - by direct examination of them in operation (in this case, wear is estimated by changing the linear dimensions, i.e., in mm over the service life) and according to the results of bench tests of models of vibration damper or testing samples on friction machines (in this case, wear is estimated by the mass of the worn-out material). The proposed method for predicting the wear of parts of frictional vibration dampers implements the Archard friction model, takes into account the variability of loads acting on the working surfaces, for which a method for determining the friction path under various driving conditions has been developed. The developed methodology makes it possible to evaluate their service interval at the design stage of the car’s running gears.
Automated control of the production process of antifriction polymer materials
Authors: Filippenko N V , Bychkovsky V S , Bakanin D V , Livshits A V , Chumbadze T T
Published: November 2021

This paper presents a technique of controlling the process of oil filling of polymer and composite materials, which allows automated determination of volumetric heating of a polymer or composite sample for the purpose of drying. The differentiation of the obtained results, presented in graphical form, made it possible to quickly analyze the dynamics of temperature changes in the thickness of the material, the change of which determines the rates and time of impregnation to a certain depth of the body of the polymer or composite sample in figure 1. According to the developed methodology, studies of the impregnation of the oil filler of a mixture of M8-B motor oil and hexane were carried out. For each experiment, time dependences of the impregnation rate were obtained. Based on the work carried out, the optimal proportion of a mixture of hexane and engine oil and the most favourable temperature conditions were determined. At the end of the research, the assumption about the possibility of using this technique for the purpose of its industrial use in the technology of oil filling of antifriction products made of polymer and composite materials was confirmed.
A 3D CAD model input pipeline for REFMUL3 full-wave FDTD 3D simulator
Authors: Santos J.M. , Ricardo E. , da Silva F.J. , Ribeiro T. , Heuraux S. , Silva A.
Published: November 2021

The use of advanced simulation has become increasingly more important in the planning, design, and assessment phases of future fusion plasma diagnostics, and in the interpretation of experimental data from existing ones. The design cycle of complex reflectometry systems, such as the ones being planned for next generation machines (IDTT and DEMO), relies heavily on the results produced by synthetic diagnostics, used for system performance evaluation and prediction, both crucial in the design process decision making. These synthetic diagnostics need realistic representations of all system components to incorporate the main effects that shape their behavior. Some of the most important elements that are required to be well modelled and integrated in simulations are the wave launcher structures, such as the waveguides, tapers, and antennas, as well as the vessel wall structures and access to the plasma. The latter are of paramount importance and are often neglected in this type of studies. Faithfully modelling them is not an easy task, especially in 3D simulations. The procedure herein proposed consists in using CAD models of a given machine, together with parameterizable models of the launcher, to produce a description suited for Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) 3D simulation, combining the capabilities of real-world CAD design with the power of simulation. However, CAD model geometric descriptions are incompatible with the ones used by standard FDTD codes. CAD software usually outputs models in a tessellated mesh while FDTD simulators use Volumetric Pixel (VOXEL) descriptions. To solve this interface problem, we implemented a pipeline to automatically convert complex CAD models of tokamak vessel components and wave launcher structures to the VOXEL input required by REFMUL3, a full wave 3D Maxwell FDTD parallel code. To illustrate the full procedure, a complex reflectometry synthetic diagnostic for IDTT was setup, converted and simulated. This setup includes 3 antennas recessed into the vessel wall, for thermal protection, one for transmission and reception, and two just for reception.
How TOC affects Rock-Eval pyrolysis and hydrocarbon generation kinetics: an example of Yanchang Shale (T3y) from Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Sun Yu , Liao Lingling , Shi Shuyong , Liu Jinzhong , Wang Yunpeng
Published: November 2021

Rock-Eval pyrolysis and kinetics are widely used to evaluate hydrocarbon generations. Due to heterogeneity of shale, even a series of samples come from the same drill core rock will have a wide range of total organic carbon (TOC). It is important to select propriate TOC samples to acquire Rock-Eval and kinetic parameters. However, influence of different TOC levels to Rock-Eval and kinetics are still not well known. In this study, different samples with different TOC of 3.87%, 13.59%, 18.17%, 23.93%, 25.93% and 35.35% taken from one drill core were selected and analysed. And all samples are prepared to 4mm grain-size samples for Rock-Eval pyrolysis to reflect hydrocarbon generation and expulsion in realistic conditions. The results show that generation rate gradually decreases from 0.0064 to 0.0053 mg/g·s−1 when TOC increase from 13.59 to 35.35%. And the samples with 35.35% and 25.53% TOC show highest transformation ratio, while the samples with 3.87% show the lowest transformation ratio. In addition, the samples with 3.87% TOC only shows one main activation energy peak (56Kcal/mol). Yet the samples with 35.35% TOC shows three activation energy peaks (53, 54, 56Kcal/mol). With increasing of TOC levels of samples, percentage of main activation energy decrease from 69.43 to 25.96 and 29.62%. Therefore, generation rate of high TOC shale will decrease and transformation ratio will increase. And hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of high TOC samples need lower action energies.
Improving Performance of Krayan Rice Farming Entrepreneurship-based Indonesia-Malaysia Border Society
Authors: Mubarak A , Sulistyo A , Mahmudin Nurlela , Galih YR
Published: November 2021

The agribusiness sector as the basis of regional development and economic development is an important factor in improving the welfare of rural communities especially in border regions Indonesia-Malaysia. The amount of potential economic based on natural resources in the border regions is not matched the ability of human resources in term of utilization and management This study aims to improve the Krayan rice farming entrepreneurship performance. In the data collection, a total sample of 200 farmers purposive sampling method were used. The model based collected data was developed using the structural equation model and assisted by the AMOS program. The results showed that overall, the entrepreneurial intention model fulfilled the norms of the model fit (Chi-Square: 68.333; Probability: 0.398; RMSEA: 0.013; GFI: 0.956; AGFI: 0.930; CFI: 0.998) which means the developed model was appropriate with the existing empirical conditions. The entrepreneurship variable has a great influence in shaping the performance of farmers with a coefficient value of 0.992 which proves that entrepreneurship is an intermediary variable to increase human resources in the border region, especially for adan rice farmers in Krayan district, Nunukan district.
Cytokinin for Growth and Productivity of Polyploid Chrysanthemum on Third Generation
Authors: Komariah Ai , Ria Elly Roosma , Islamiyati Endah , Noertjahyani  , Sondari Nunung , Budiasih R. , Amalia Lia
Published: November 2021

Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemump) is a one of the most popular cutting flower commodities in Indonesia. The beauty of colors and variations in the shape of flowers and the low level of withering cause Chrysanthemum to be in great demand. The polyploid chrysanthemum has some superior properties but the growth rate and flowering time is slow due to colchicine. The study aimed to determine the influence of the concentration of the cytokinins in the growth and productivity of chrysanthemum polyploid genotypes. The experimental design as used Split Plot Design consists of 2 factors and 2 replications. The first factors were concentration of the cytokinin (Si, i are 1,…,4) as a main plot with different levels about 0, 1, 2,3, 4 ml L−1 of cytokinin solutions, respectively. The second factorswere the third generation of the polyploid chrysanthemum (G) genotype as a sub plot with 4 genotype, namely: g0 = KRA0, g1 = KRA1, g2 = KRA2, and g3 = KRA3. Based on the experiments and analysis results, it was found that the treatment of 3 ml L−1 of the cytokinin solution produced 16 shoots while the polyploid chrysanthemum genotype KRA2 gave the best response to the number of shoots at 12 WAP compared to other polyploid chrysanthemum genotypes.
The Tuition Payment Queuing System Uses Android-Based First in First Out (FIFO) Algorithm
Authors: Nababan Marlince NK , Purba Windania , Indra Evta
Published: November 2021

Queuing is an important component of a process in service. Queues are formed in a company or institution due to customers. Disorderly queues are a big problem for all concerned. Where, disorderly queues occur at University Prima Indonesia at the time of tuition payment so that the campus has to carry out a crowded queue process and students have to stand waiting for the next call resulting in less effective and efficient even waste of energy for students and employees. This research designed a system of tuition payment queues using the First In First Out (FIFO) algorithm which aims to reduce the time students are queuing at the checkout at the time of tuition payment so as not to wait too long so that the time of students and campus employees is not wasted too much and reduce the crowded queue time. The result of this study is an android-based tuition payment system, which is useful for reducing student build up when paying tuition. Thus it can be said that the calculation result of P0 queue has a result of 0.25%, and the number of customers 3 people, the average customer in the queue has a value of 2.25, the total customer time is 20 minutes, and the average customer time in the row is 15 minutes, the server busy time is 0.75, and the server’s empty time is 0.25%.
Circular economy and resilience: convergences and deviations in the case of agri-food supply chains
Authors: Gkountani V A , Tsoulfas G T , Rachaniotis N P
Published: November 2021

Agri-food supply chains have a multitude of roles for the mankind. Among others, they encompass the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors of the economy; they are responsible for feeding the planet; they are associated with various environmental and social impacts. Therefore, their operation, efficiency and performance are crucial in many contexts. In this paper we investigate the transitions of agri-food supply chains towards two different goals: circular economy and resilience. Circular economy has been a focal priority in the EU and global agenda, which aims at redefining the patterns that have been associated with linear economy models in order to meet environmental, social, and economic challenges of our era. On the other hand, supply chain resilience is the capacity of supply chains to be prepared for unexpected risk events, act and recover promptly to probable disruptions, and return to their original position or move to a better ideal condition. In particular, we focus on the enablers and barriers for both goals and identify possible convergences and deviations. The former are expected to lead to win-win opportunities, whereas the latter will lead to trade-offs.
Development of a model linking TNCO emissions with filter ventilation in conventional cigarettes
Authors: Konstantinidis E , Matsouki N , Tsipa C , Gareiou Z , Drimili E , Vatikiotis L , Zervas E
Published: November 2021

One of the main parameters for the design of cigarettes is filter ventilation. As filter ventilation increases, the concentrations of Tar, Nicotine and CO (TNCO) emissions decrease. This work examines the correlation between filter ventilation and TNCO emissions, using the data of the cigarettes notified in the French market. The average values of filter ventilation, pressure drop with open and close vents and also of TNCO emissions remain quite constant during the three years examined (2018-2020). A mathematical model linking the value of filter ventilation with the values of TNCO emissions is developed. According to this model, the values of filter ventilation estimated from this model show a very good agreement with the measured values in the case of cigarettes with filter ventilation higher than 50%. Now such model could be established for lower ventilation values. These results show that the proposed model can be effectively used to correlate filter ventilation with TNCO emissions, in the case of ventilation values higher than 50%.
Interaction of modern architectural design with the environment: Evaluation and application in urban open spaces for developing resilient cities
Authors: Avramidou M , Manika S
Published: November 2021

The concept of urban resilience, either as a response to the effects of climate change or as a need to address the emerging challenges of the pandemic crisis, plays an important role in the modern forefront of urban policies. This article focuses, in the light of climate change, on the prospects of the adoption of the principles of urban resilience in the design of urban outdoor spaces, initially creating a clear framework for their definition. In order to achieve this, the article proceeds to the evaluation of successful European and Greek examples of urban open spaces in which the assurance of urban resilience is achieved through the application of bioclimatic design. Emphasis is placed on the factors of sunlight, ventilation, the role of water and greenery, and the properties of surface coating materials in urban outdoor spaces. Then the study area is analyzed, with qualitative and quantitative assessment of the factors that affect the outdoor environment.
Study of urban microclimate conditions in a commercial area of an urban centre and the environmental regeneration potential
Authors: Rapti Th , Kantzioura A
Published: November 2021

Urban heat island (UHI) is a phenomenon that affects the urban microclimate. Land use, urban geometry, cover materials, vegetation, the water element and human activities are the most important factors that affect the UHI. This research focused on the study and analysis of the urban microclimate of three sections of a commercial street area that differ in their morphology. The first area includes a stream near the road, the second area includes the purely commercial part of the street and the third area includes the fringes of a hill in (Thessaloniki, “Toumpa”, Gr Lampraki Street). Using the Envimet V4 program, three simulations were performed for the selected study areas for the hottest day of the previous year, August 1, 2020. The values with the largest variations in all three areas were those of relative and specific humidity and finally air speed. The air temperature was higher in relation to the suburban area (UHI) and did not show significant differences in the three study areas. This leads us to the conclusion that the urban morphology, orientation and geographical location of the three study areas played the most important role in shaping the urban microclimate. Finally, is suggested one alternative scenario for optimizing the microclimate in the most burdened area of the three.
Impacts of climate change on cultural heritage; The case of the Greek theatre of Dionysus
Authors: Nastou Marina Panagiota , Zerefos Stelios
Published: November 2021

Climate change is an ongoing fact with evident impacts on earth, humanity and our heritage. The management and protection of heritage from the effects of climate change should be taken into consideration, so as to act dynamically and immediately, since the effects of climate change are rapidly evident in all aspects of life. The objective of this research is to study the vulnerability of the ancient Greek Theatre of Dionysus, as it forms a monument with embedded heritage values exposed to the climate change. This case study is the tangible result of a particular cultural and historic research, bearing historic knowledge, cultural meanings via a recognizable architectural structure and it reflects the conjunction of culture with society and nature. Materiality and its pathology combined with the condition of the natural landscape and the altering pattern of cultural tourism can lead to the study of climate change imprint on this kind of heritage, which should be examined as a wholeness of culture and nature. The uniqueness in the Theatre’s identity and historic path deserves interpretation of the effects of climate change, so as to manage adaptation, proactive planning, mitigation and dissemination of the discovered results.
The gap of cultural heritage protection with climate change adaptation in the context of spatial planning. The case of Greece
Authors: Asprogerakas E , Gourgiotis A , Pantazis P , Samarina A , Konsoula P , Stavridou K
Published: November 2021

The case of cultural resources, and in particular of archaeological sites, is one of the key elements of the anthropogenic environment that is affected by climate change and needs protection. At the same time, it is a field of analysis allowing the understanding of the interactions and interconnections of natural and socio-economic systems in time and in different spatial scales, thus providing useful information on the phenomenon of climate change and on how to respond and adapt to it [1]. However, the related scientific research, policies and actions are still limited, as only in the last decade [2] there has been an (albeit ever-increasing) interest in this field. The main objective of this paper is to codify protection policies and to identify a typology of actions for major archaeological sites with tourist interest in Greece, in order to identify a framework for spatial planning to meet the challenges of reducing the effects of climate change such as: the adoption of an integrated design approach to the protection of cultural heritage rather than a traditional conservation approach; linking the cultural heritage with the natural environment; Bridging existing gaps and redefining cultural heritage in dynamic and spatial terms for both climate change adaptation and also emergency preparedness and disaster risk reduction.
Investigation of climate change impacts on hydropower generation: the case of a run-of-river small hydropower plant in North Western Greece
Authors: Skoulikaris C , Kasimis K
Published: November 2021

Services and uses arising from surface water‘s availability, such as hydropower production, are bound to be affected by climate change. The object of the research is to evaluate climate change impacts on energy generation produced by run-of-river small hydropower plants with the use of future river discharges derived from two up-to-date Regional Climate Models. For doing so, the hydropower simulation model HEC-ResSim, calibrated and validated over real power data, was used to simulate the generated energy in the two future periods of 2031-2060 and 2071-2100. The future river discharges in the case study area are derived from the hydrological model E-HYPE that uses as forcing the climatic variables of the CSC-REMO2009-MPI-ESM-LR and KNMI-RACMO22E-EC-EARTH climate models under two Representative Concentration Pathways, namely RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The research outputs demonstrate a decrease of the generated energy varying from 2.86% to 25.79% in comparison to the reference period of 1971-2000. However, in most of the simulated scenarios the decrease is less than 10.0%, while increased energy production is projected for one of the scenarios. Overall, it can be concluded that the case study run-of-river small hydropower plant will be marginally affected by climate change when the decrease of the relevant river discharges is up to 10-15%.
Evaluation of decoupling of GDP and CO2 emissions in EU-15
Authors: Bekaliyev A , Junissov A , Kakimov Y , Poulopoulos S G
Published: November 2021

Generally, economic growth is accompanied by an increase in energy consumption, which consequently leads to higher levels of greenhouse gas emissions. These, in turn, are the causes of global warming, which is one of the most acute environmental problems nowadays. Decoupling occurs when environmental pressure can be decreased without the negative effect of the economic growth of a country. This study is focused on the investigation of the decoupling of the economy and environmental pressure. The analysis was carried out for EU-15 countries for the period between 1990 and 2014. For the evaluation of decoupling the Tapio decoupling elasticity method was used. This method provides the extent of decoupling of the economy and environmental pressure for each country. The economy was measured in terms of gross domestic product (GDP), while the environmental pressure was represented by CO2 emissions from the public electricity and heat generation sector. The EU-15 countries were classified into three groups depending on the individual reduction targets following Kyoto Protocol. Group I had high values of reduction targets ranging from -28% to -12.5%, Group II had moderate values of reduction targets situated between -7.5% and 0%, and Group III had mild values of reduction targets from +4% to +27%. The results of this analysis show that there is strong fluctuation of the extent of decoupling between GDP and CO2 emissions for each country in the specified period. Therefore, there are no clear patterns of decoupling intensity that can be observed. However, it is important to notice that in almost every country the decoupling between GDP and CO2 emissions was either strong or weak. This study has shown that generally most of the countries achieved some extent of decoupling between the growth of the economy and the pressure on the environment. The countries that showed the decoupling of more than 80% of the specified period are Luxemburg, Ireland, and Italy. For most of the countries, the decoupling was deteriorated by the financial crisis of 2008. Another possible reason for the decrease in decoupling is the extensive use of renewable energy resources. While their application lowers the CO2 emissions, the high production and operation costs constrict the growth of the economy. Sweden, Finland, and Denmark had such situation.
Civil society’s digitized approach to environmental planning. The case of environmental associations’ e-participation platform in Berlin
Authors: Tsakmakidou A , Schubert M , Dimitriou V
Published: November 2021

In the dawn of innovative digital tools for communication and information exchange the civil society has apparently taken a step forward into this new direction. This paper explores the process for enhancing E-participation in environmental planning and making relevant government decision-making democratically accountable. Environmental issues are dealt in the civil society context with reflexivity that incorporates lay and local knowledge. The case study emphasizes on the BLN e.V e-participation platform “Umwelt-Beteiligung-Berlin” and discusses the extent and impact of Environmental Associations involvement in sustainable environmental planning. BLN e.V was created as a hub for all Berlins registered Nature conservation/Environment protection associations as well as citizens’ initiatives on environmental projects. The platform was developed in cooperation with the nature conservation associations recognized in Brandenburg and Lower Saxony. BLN working group is supported by volunteers in the Federal Ecological Volunteers Service (ÖBFD). The paper analyses the case study impact and concludes by discussing how the concept can be proliferated on EU, national, regional and local level and the prospects of future research.