bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Solar Home System: A Feasible Solution to the Energy Crisis in Bangladesh
Authors: Hassan Asif , Rahman Shamiur , Onik Shahnawaz Ahmed , Khan Fayek Tasneem , Habib Adib Ahmed
Published: February 2012

Bangladesh is on the verge of facing energy crisis. According to the article 16.1 of Bangladesh Constitution fifty five percent of Bangladesh's inhabitants live without electricity, and the grid expansion rate to connect rural areas is threatened by the looming capacity shortage. It has very limited nonrenewable energy resources of its own. It is facing energy crisisand serious desertiﬁcation problem in rural areas. These issues could be removed if renewable energy is used as aprimary source of energy in rural areas. Bangladeshisendowedwithplentifulsupply ofrenewablesourcesofenergy. Renewable energy like solar, wind, hydro can help to make electricity accessible to the isolated rural people as well as for low power demand. Outofthevarious renewable sources,solar is the most suitable form for Bangladesh.The solar home systems are now profitably and increasingly used for meeting the needs of electricity in remote and difficult areas in developed countries as well as in many developing countries. Potentiality of SHSs to reduce the present energy crisis in Bangladesh has been discussed in this paper
A New Type of Walking Robot Based upon Jansen Mechanism
Authors: Moldovan Florina , Dolga Valer , Sticlaru Carmen
Published: February 2012

In this article it is presented a general overview of the existing types of walking robots developed in the field of robotics research and the main advantages offered by legged locomotion in achieving a specific agility in crossing over uneven terrains. The aim of this article is to present the results of kinematical analysis developed upon a ten bar linkage designed in CAD in order to study the possibility of using this new type of mechanism for building a walking robot. It also illustrates the advantages of using CAD simulation tools for analyzing the path described by the end point of the foot during walking.
Organic-Hybrid Silica Nanoparticles as Adsorbent for Pb (II) Ion
Authors: Li Wei , Zhou Yang , Ma Wen Hui , Wang Shi Xing , Dai Yong Nian
Published: February 2012

4-Bromo-1, 8-naphthalic anhydride and N, N-Dimethylethylenediamine covalently modified silica nanoparticles were synthesized. It can be utilized as an adsorbent for Pb (II), showing excellent adsorption capacity. According to the Langmiur fitting, the maximum adsorption capacity for lead ion is up to 293.26 mg/g. And the adsorption percentage is greater than 90 % when the initial concentration is lower than 100 mg/l.
Preparation of Monodisperse PEG Microspheres by a T-Junction Microfluidic Chip
Authors: Ren Yu Min , Yu Bing , Cong Hai Lin , Ma Yu Rong , Ma Zhen Zhen , Yuan Xue
Published: February 2012

Monodisperse polyethylene glycol (PEG) microspheres were prepared using microfluidic chips coupled with photopolymerization technique. Based on sheath effect in T-junction microfluidic channels, dispersions of uniform PEG prepolymer droplets in silicon oil are formed. The diameters of the formed PEG prepolymer droplets in the dispersions were controlled very well by altering the relative sheath/sample flow rate ratios. After photopolymerization under UV exposure, the uniform PEG prepolymer droplets isolated by silicon oil underwent photocrosslinking and became monodisperse PEG microspheres.
Effect of Univalent Cations Fluoride in F-Sb Codoped SnO2 Electrode on Electro-Catalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange
Authors: Chen Lu Sheng , Liu Yan Yan , Li Huai Xiang , Liu Chao , Wu Kang
Published: February 2012

In this work, F-Sb codoped SnO2film electrode material has been prepared and used as an anode on titanium (Ti) substrate for degradation of methyl orange. The emphasis is laid on the effect of univalent cations fluoride doped during preparation of F-Sn codoped SnO2composites by sol gel method. The facts show that univalent cations fluoride could affects the electro-catalytic degradation rate of methyl orange by F-Sb codoped composite film on the Ti electrode. A promotion to the degradation rates of methyl orange could be observed when KF or NH4F was used as codopant but other fluoride codopant such as LiF, NaF or HF could slow the methyl orange degradation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and x-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to study structures and composition of the anode surface.
Cholesterol Detection by Self-Assembled Dodecyl Thiol Layers Extracted Cholesterol on the Ce-Sb Codoped SnO2 Film Electrodes
Authors: Li Huai Xiang , Wei Qing Qing , Liu Yan Yan , Wu Kang
Published: February 2012

Cerium (Ce) and antimony (Sb) codoped tin dioxide (SnO2) films (Ce:Sb:Sn=2:3:95 molar ratio) have been prepared on the surface of titanium (Ti) substrate by sol-gel method. A self-assembled layer (SAL) of dodecyl thiol with cholesterol was formed on the surface of Ce-Sb codoped SnO2films/Ti electrode. The SAL was then used with the cholesterol as the template forming the molecular imprinting layer. The extraction of cholesterol has resulted in formation of sites in the layer of dodecyl thiol which could have been used as channels for the ferro-ferric cyanide coupled redox reaction to quantify recombining cholesterol on the sites. This sensor prototype could detect cholesterol concentrations between 40 and 60 μM. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have been used to analyze the structure and morphology of the samples.
PMMA Modified PVDF Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Membranes
Authors: Liu Xiao Mian , Wang Zong Hua , Yu Bing , Cong Hai Lin , Gao Xiu Ling , Guo Xin Yu
Published: February 2012

Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) modified poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by wet spinning method using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as pore-foaming agent and mixture of dimethyl formamide (DMF)/methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) as solvent. The effects of PVDF, PMMA, PVP, and solvent ratios in the spinning solution on the permeation properties of the formed membranes were studied. The results showed that the performance of the membrane is the best with a pure water flux of 117 L/m2•h and rejection rate of 82% to bovine serum albumin (BSA), when the concentrations of PVDF, PMMA, PVP, DMF and MEK are 17, 3, 3, 60 and 17 wt%, respectively.
Formulation and Evaluation of a Gel-Like Ascorbic Acid Multiple Emulsions
Authors: Yao Yun Long , Huang Yi Qing , Wang Jian Min , Xia Qiang
Published: February 2012

Abstract: Ascorbic acid is important for human, but it will be oxidized fast when dissolved in water. However, in recent years, a major breakthrough has been achieved in the preparation of w/o/w multiple emulsions containing ascorbic acid (AA). And this study shows how to prepare and evaluate the stable gel-like multiple emulsions which can be easily used in personal care products. The concentration of ascorbic acid was analyzed by UV, and the viscosity of multiple emulsions thickened with xanthan was also appraised. The retention rate of ascorbic acid in multiple emulsions was 92.4% after 30 days preparation, and it was of significance for cosmetic use.
Wear Resistance of High Frequency Pulse Electroplating Ni-SiC Nano-Composite Coating
Authors: Xu Yun Hua , Liu Shi Liang , Liu Xue Wu
Published: February 2012

The Ni-SiC nano-composite coatings were prepared on the ring of stainless steel by using of high frequency pulse electroplating. Orthogonal experiment was used to study optimal dosage of the dispersant. The effect of some factors, such as current density, pH value, temperature , addition agent and so on, were studied. The characterization of Ni-SiC nano-composite coatings were studied by wear test. The effect of pulse frequency and the SiC concentration in the electrolyte on the wear resistance of Ni-SiC nano-composite coatings were studied. The morphology of the nano-composite coatings in wear test before and after were analyzed by SEM and the metaloscope photographs. The results show that Ni-SiC nano-composite coatings of high frequency pulse electroforming have better performance of wear resistance.
Preparation of Nanocrystalline Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Thin Films by the Sol-Gel Dip Coating Method
Authors: Mechiakh Raouf , Gheriani R. , Chtourou R.
Published: February 2012

Titanium dioxide thin films have been prepared by the sol–gel dip-coating method on an ITO substrate. The samples obtained were characterized by different experimental techniques: XRD, Raman, FTIR, spectroscopy of the electrochemical potential and SEM. The X-ray diffraction results showed that the TiO2 thin film obtained for a layer, after a temperature of annealing (400°C) and at the speeds of steeping between 2 and 10 cm∙s-1 was amorphous, and transformed into anatase–brookite at 0.6 cm∙s-1 for 400°C. The data of Raman spectroscopy is in good agreement with the DRX results. Observation by scanning electron microscope shows that the coating was transparent and homogeneous without any visual cracking over a wide area, and the increase in the treatment temperature did not affect the uniformity of the film. The interface of our layers to behaved like a n-type semiconductor.
Oscillating Velocity and Enhanced Diffusivity of Nanosystems from a New Quantum Transport Model
Authors: Di Sia Paolo
Published: February 2012

The generalizations of the Drude model describe classically the most important quantities referred to transport phenomena, i.e the velocity correlation functions, the mean square deviation of position and the diffusion coefficient. The quantum effects, appearing in systems at nano-dimensions, require a quantum treatment of the previous models. I have presented a new ‘time-domain’ quantum mechanical model for transport in nanosystems, which comprehends the oscillator strength weights; this model demonstrates high generality and good application perspectives also in the study of ions, solutions, and in nano-bio-systems. This quantum mechanical extension allows to test the diffusion in nanostructured materials for biological, medical and nanopiezotronic devices. The theoretical elaboration of experimental data shows the interesting presence of an initial oscillating behaviour in velocity and an enhanced initial diffusivity, offering considerable informations for the experimental researchers.
Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles: An Innovative Approach for Enhanced Oil Recovery Application
Authors: Yahya Noorhana , Kashif Muhammad , Nasir Nadeem , Niaz Akhtar Majid , Yusof Noorasikin Mohd
Published: February 2012

This Paper Describes the Synthesis of Cobalt Ferrite (CoFe2O4) Nanoparticles and their Application in Enhanced Oil Recovery. Cobalt Ferrite (CoFe2O4) Nanoparticles Were Used as Ferrite Magnetic Feeders with Antenna to Improve the Magnetic Field Strength and Cobalt Ferrite Nanofluid to Improve Oil Recovery. Cobalt Ferrite (CoFe2O4) Nanoparticles Were Synthesized by Sol-Gel Method. these Nanoparticles Were then Characterized by Using X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles Annealed at 600oC, the Particle Size Is 51.17nm and 26nm as Determined by XRD and FESEM, Respectively while for the Sample Annealed at 800oC, the Particle Size Is 62nm as Determined by XRD and 60 Nm as Determined by FESEM. Magnetic Measurement Results Show that Initial Permeability of Cobalt Ferrite Powder Increased and Relative Loss Factor Decreased at High Frequency. in Order to Improve the Oil Recovery, Nanoparticles Were Used in Two Different Experiments. in the First Experiment, Nanoparticles Were Used as Magnetic Feeders with an Antenna to Improve the Magnetic Field Strength. in the Second Experiment, Nanoparticles Were Used as Nanofluids. Results Show that the Antenna with Magnetic Feeders Increases the Magnetic Field Strength by 0.94% as Compared to Antenna without Magnetic Feeders in the Water, and by 5.90% in the Air. Magnitude versus Offset (MVO) Study of Antenna with Magnetic Feeders Shows an Increase in Magnetic Field Strength of 275% as Compared to Antenna without Magnetic Feeders. it Is Found that Antenna with Magnetic Feeders Was Able to Recover 29.50% and 20.82% of Original Oil in Place (OOIP) in Core Rock Samples A-1 and A-2 Respectively. the Use of Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles as a Nanofluid with Electromagnetic Waves Yielded a Higher Recovery of Residual Oil in Place (ROIP) which Is 31.58% as Compared to 8.70% when it Was Used as Nanofluid Alone. it Is Investigated that due to Absorption of Electromagnetic Waves by Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles the Oil Viscosity Reduces which Increase the Oil Recovery. it Can Be Concluded that the Synthesised Cobalt Ferrite (CoFe2O4) Nanoparticles Can Be Potentially Used for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Future.
Mechanical, Structural and Thermal Properties of Multilayered Gradient Nanocomposite Coatings
Authors: Kolaklieva Lilyana , Kakanakov Roumen , Chaliampalias D. , Vourlias G. , Cholakova T. , Pashinski Ch. , Chitanov V. , Bahchedjiev Ch. , Petkov N. , Polychroniadis Efstathios K.
Published: February 2012

Multilayered, Gradient Tialsin-Based Nanocomposite Coatings Have Been Developed and Investigated with Respect to their Applicability in the Machining Industry. the Main Coating Layer Was Composed of 5-8 Nm Tin and Aln Nanograins. the Coating Possessed Hardness as High as 40 GPA, which Allows it to Be Classified as Superhard. during Heating up to 900oC in Air in Steps of 100oC for 6 H at each Temperature, the Coating Showed Good Stability up to 700oC. Thermal Treatment over this Temperature Caused a Decrease in the Hardness to Values Characteristic for Tialn Multilayered Coatings, while the Adhesion to the Substrate Remained Steady.
Transport and Retention Behavior of ZnO Nanoparticles in Two Natural Soils: Effect of Surface Coating and Soil Composition
Authors: Zhao Li Juan , Peralta-Videa Jose R. , Hernandez-Viezcas Jose Angel , Hong Jie , Gardea-Torresdey Jorge L.
Published: February 2012

The widespread use of nanoparticles (NPs) in consumer goods could put these materials in the waste stream, potentially to soil and sediments. However, little is known about their transport in water and soils. In this study, transport behavior and attachment of ZnO NPs in soil components were studied through column experiments and sequential extraction, respectively. Bare and sodium citrate coated ZnO NP suspended in CaCl2 solutions at different ionic strengths, were passed through glass columns packed with sandy soils (SS) and sandy loam soils (SLS) and the effluents were analyzed by ICP-OES. The distribution of Zn in soil particles was studied by electron microprobe (EMP). Results showed that 99% of Zn/ZnO NPs was retained in SLS and 68% ~ 99% was retained in SS, for ionic strengths varying from 0 to 1 mM. Travel distances (cm) for bare ZnO NPs in SS and SLS were 19.2 and 5.3, respectively, while for coated NPs the distances were 21.4 and 6.9 cm, respectively. The surface coating reduced deposition rates from 0.73 to 0.65 and from 2.28 to 1.74 for SS and SLS, respectively. In both soils the amounts of uncoated NPs in the exchangeable fraction were less than 1%; however, 30% of coated NPs remained in the exchangeable fraction. EMP mapping showed that Zn/ZnO NPs associated with silica and aluminum, which are indicators of soil clay minerals. Long term observations are still needed to evaluate the bioavailability to plants of Zn released from coated and uncoated ZnO NPs.
Synthesis and Study of Optical and Electrical Characteristics of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube/Gold Nanohybrid
Authors: Rima Paul , Mitra Apurba Krishna
Published: February 2012

Au nanoparticles of average size 3.0 nm have been deposited on SWCNT surfaces following a very lucid wet chemical process. The SWCNT/Au nanohybrid material has been characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) study and Raman spectroscopy. Both optical and electrical characteristics of the hybrid sample have been studied. The PL emission intensity of the nanohybrid structure has been found to decrease on increasing the excitation wavelength in the plasmon absorption region. High temperature DC conductivity has increased appreciably when pristine SWCNT is treated with Au NPs. Such SWCNT- supported gold nanoparticles can serve as efficient catalysts in chemical industry. Also the tendency of gold-based nanoparticles to attach with biological molecules may make them useful in medical diagnostics. Increase in conductivity of SWCNT on decorating with Au NPs can find practical application as conducting filler in polymer composites.
An Overview of Hot- and Warm-Forming of Al-Mg Alloys
Authors: Taleff Eric M.
Published: February 2012

Al-Mg alloys exhibit remarkable hot and warm ductilities, which have made the 5000-series alloys a critical part of commercial hot gas-pressure forming operations for the transportation industry. A review of the metallurgical and practical engineering reasons for this success is presented, and new understanding for behaviors in these materials, expected to impact future advances in hot- and warm-forming technology, are described. The excellent formabilities in this material class are fundamentally attributable to two deformation mechanisms, grain-boundary-sliding and solute-drag creep. However, a number of failure mechanisms ultimately limit final ductility and formability. These include cavitation, flow localization and microstructure evolution. The interplay of these mechanisms is discussed in terms of the potential to improve processing windows in forming operations.
Large Deformability of Wrought Magnesium Alloys: Is Superplasticity Needed?
Authors: Boissière R. , Blandin Jean Jacques , Salvo Luc
Published: February 2012

The deformability of wrought magnesium alloys at room temperature is limited and a way to overcome this limit is to carry out forming operations in warm or hot conditions. In the case of fine grained alloys, superplastic properties can be generally achieved but in this regime, the Mg alloys are sensitive to strain induced cavitation. However, large grained alloys can also exhibit quite large deformabilities when they are deformed at high temperature. This can be due to the fact that on one hand, the Mg alloys may quite easily dynamically recrystallize and on the other hand, that dislocation movements may be controlled by a solute drag effect leading to significant strain rate sensitivity parameters. These various mechanisms of deformation will depend on the composition, the mean grain size and the conditions of deformation (i.e. temperature and strain rate). In this work, the high temperature deformation mechanisms as well as the associated damage mechanisms of two wrought magnesium alloys are discussed.
Superplastic Prosthetic Forming - In Vitro Response
Authors: Curtis Richard , Omar R. , Bahra J. , Ditta M. , Chotai A. , DiSilvio Lucy
Published: February 2012

Steinemann, 1998 [1] reported an observation made several decades earlier in 1951, by Leventhal [2] in which ‘bone reaction was studied by the insertion of up to 80 titanium screws into the femora of rats. At the end of sixteen weeks the screws were so tight that in one specimen the femur was fractured when an attempt was made to remove the screw’. Consequently, the main reasons given for the suitability of titanium for surgical implantation are its strength, its failure to cause tissue reaction, and the fact that bone becomes attached to titanium. Now, we call this attachment osseointegration which is considered to be the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of a load-bearing artificial implant. However, osseointegration is not considered to be a chemical bond between titanium and bone. Implant materials that actually bond to bone are considered to be bioactive. Materials for clinical use can be classified into three categories: resorbable, bioactive and nearly inert materials. A bioactive material is defined as a material that elicits a specific biological response at the interface of the material, which results in the formation of a bond between the tissue and that material. Whereas specific bioceramics are considered to be bioactive, titanium alloys are not normally considered to be so. However, recent surface modification of titanium alloys provide evidence that titanium alloys can become bioactive after treatment with NaOH and the ensuing development of a titanate gel on the metal surface.
Manufacturing of Titanium Spherical and Hollow Cylinder Vessel Using Blow Forming
Authors: Lee Ho Sung , Yoon Jong Hoon , Yi Yeong Moo
Published: February 2012

Titanium alloys have been widely used in aeronautics and aerospace industries due to their high strength, good corrosion resistance and low density. Since many aerospace vehicle systems require high performance lightweight pressurized vessel for storage of propellant, nitrogen, oxygen, or other medium, the titanium alloy is one of the excellent candidates for this purpose. Conventionally spin forming and TIG welding process have been applied to manufacture titanium spherical vessel. In this work, an innovational method of blow forming and solid state bonding technology has been developed to save manufacturing cost and reduce weight of titanium vessel. High temperature behavior of titanium alloy was characterized and according to this result, solid state bonding process was established with demonstration of manufacturing spherical and hollow cylinder pressure vessel. The optimum condition for solid state bonding of this alloy was obtained by applying hydrostatic pressure of 4MPa at 1148K for 1 hour. For blow forming, the pressure profile was developed using MARC software and the maximum pressure of 30MPa was applied. The structural integrity of the vessel was demonstrated by performing a hydraulic pressurization test.
Soil Moisture Retrieval Based on ASAR Data and Genetic Neural Networks
Authors: Xiao Chang Lin , Chen Yan , Liu Lina , Tong Ling , Jia Ming Quan
Published: February 2012

Genetic Algorithm can further optimize Neural Networks, and this optimized Algorithm has been used in many fields and made better results, but currently, it have not been used in inversion parameters. This paper used backscattering coefficients from ASAR, AIEM model to calculate data as neural network training data and through Genetic Algorithm Neural Networks to retrieve soil moisture. Finally compared with practical test and shows the validity and superiority of the Genetic Algorithm Neural Networks.
Co-Doped ZnO Transparent Conductive Films for LCD and UV Detectors
Authors: Yuan Yu Zhen , Wang Hui
Published: February 2012

Zr,Ga co-doped ZnO transparent conductive films were deposited on glass substrates by DC magnetron sputtering at room temperature.The influence of sputtering pressure on the structural,electrical,and optical properties of Zr,Ga co-doped ZnO films was investigated by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy (SEM),digital four-point probe,and optical transmission spectroscopy.The lowest resistivity of the Zr,Ga co-doped ZnO film is 3.01×10-4Ω﹒cm.All the films present a high transmittance of above 91% in the visible range.These results make the possibility for liquid crystal display (LCD) and UV photoconductive detectors.
Monitoring in Dynamic Change of Desertification in the Region of Central Asia Based on NOAA/AVHRR Image
Authors: Han Xu , Sun Yi Quan , Chen Ying , Feng Zhong Ke , Gong Yin Xi , Cheng Yan Pei
Published: February 2012

There are rather large parts of deserts and semi deserts in central Asia, belonging to the region of drought and semi-drought, with little annual precipitation and sharp change of daily and seasonal temperature change. This region is the concerning ecological fragile region in the study of global environmental change. The paper analyzed the landscape characteristics of desertification and soil desertification in the study area, as well as their relationship Based on the high-resolution TM image. And then, the 1km spatial resolution NOAA/AVHRR image was used to acquire the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The vegetation coverage was estimated to ensure the monitoring index of desertification. The NDVI graph was overlapped with the image to set up the interpretation relationship between the ground objects and remote sensing features, on the basis of the relevant technique standards of desertification monitoring, its classification method, as well as the actual conditions. From the desertification interpretation, the area and degree of desertification could be monitored to analyze the changing trend of desertification in central Asia from 1989 to 2009. The results showed that the monitoring method used in the paper was with high reliability and practicality, which could do quick, macroscopic and timely monitoring of desertification in the region of central Asia.
The Study on Calibration Target with Temperature Adjusted Function for 10GHz~90GHz Microwave Radiometer
Authors: Cheng Chun Yue , Zhai Hong , Chen Jin Long , Xu De Zhong , Li Fang
Published: February 2012

FY-3 meteorological satellite is the new generation of China’s polar-orbit meteorological satellite and be hoped to meet the operational weather prediction requirements of china and the global change research. The microwave imaging sounder (MWIS) and the microwave temperature sounder (MWTS) are two of its main payloads. To calibrate the linearity, sensitivity and stability of MWIS and MWTS accurately, the calibration target with temperature adjusted function is studied by Beijing Institute of Radio Metrology & Measurement (BIRMM). The configuration, technical specifi-cations and operational theory of the calibration target is presented in this paper. Because the two PID (Proportional-Integral-Differential) outputs by associating the parameter of liquid nitrogen cooling combined with electric heater is used, the target can provide a temperature adjusted brightness temperature output from 85K to 340K in 10GHz~90GHz to meet calibration requirements in lab environments.
Automated Ship Detection from Optical Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Yu Yin Dong , Yang Xu Bo , Xiao Shuang Jiu , Lin Jia Le
Published: February 2012

Automatic ship detection from remote sensing images is very important as a variant of applications such as harbor management, cargo shipping, marine rescue and naval warfare will call for the aids of the analysis of these images. This paper focuses on the processing of space-born optical images (SDSOI). With the continuous development of photography technology, high-resolution remote sensing images are produced with extremely high speed, but still lack of an effective and swift method to automatically process them and get an applicable result. The whole work flow is based on three modules. First, separating land and sea with threshold segmentation, texture segmentation and region-growth and hollow-filling algorithm, and extract the sea region as ROI. Second, apply contrast box algorithm to the ROI to get the candidates of targets. Thirdly, use shape analysis to delete some simple false candidates, and use the saliency map algorithm to eliminate possible influence of clouds. Experimental results of a series of optical remote sensing images captured by satellites indicate that our approach is effective and swift in dealing with high resolution SDSOI, obtains a satisfactory ship detection miss rate and alarm rate.
Evaluating the Potential of Clonal Selection Optimization Algorithm to Hyperspectral Image Feature Selection
Authors: Samadzadegan Farhad , Namin Shahin Rahmatollahi , Rajabi Mohammad Ali
Published: February 2012

The great number of captured near spectral bands in hyperspectral images causes the curse of dimensionality problem and results in low classification accuracy. The feature selection algorithms try to overcome this problem by limiting the input space dimensions of classification for hyperspectral images. In this paper, immune clonal selection optimization algorithm is used for feature selection. Also one of the fastest Artificial Immune classification algorithms is used to compute fitness function of the feature selection. The comparison of the feature selection results with genetic algorithm shows the clonal selection’s higher performance to solve selection of features.
Model Optimization for near-Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of Chemical Oxygen Demand of Wastewater
Authors: Pan Tao , Chen Wei Wei , Huang Wen Jie , Qu Rui Tuo
Published: February 2012

A directly rapid quantitative analysis method for chemical oxygen demand (COD) of wastewater samples was established by near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and partial least square (PLS) method. The optimization of Savitzky-Golay (SG) smoothing modes combined with PLS factor was applied to optimize the model of NIR spectroscopy analysis here. The waveband used for modeling was the combination of 400-1878 nm and 2088-2338 nm. The optimal smoothing parameters were the 5thderivative smoothing, 5thdegree polynomial, 17 smoothing points, the optimal PLS factor, root mean squared error of predication (RMSEP) and correlation coefficient of predication (RP) were 7, 33.2 (mg/L) and 0.929 respectively, which was obviously superior to the direct PLS model without SG smoothing and ones based on the whole spectral collecting region 400-2500 nm. This demonstrated that NIR spectroscopy can be applied to the rapid determination of COD of wastewater, large-scale simultaneous optimization selection of SG smoothing parameters and PLS factor can be effectively applied to the model optimization of NIR analysis.
A Concept of Differential-Integral Method Applied in Polymer Processing and Molding
Authors: Yang Wei Min
Published: February 2012

In order to solve the bottleneck problem of polymer product processing striving for micro scale and precision or macro scale and complication in modern manufacturing, a concept of differential and integral method applied in advanced manufacture of polymer materials is brought up. On the base of this concept, principles of injection molding, extrusion, electrostatic spinning, nano-composite processing and structure innovation of polymer products have been studied; a series of new methods of polymer processing and molding, new equipments, and new technologies of product application have been invented. Some industrial application results prove that, the concept of differential and integral method applied in advanced manufacture of polymer materials is a valuable guide to break through the restriction of traditional manufacturing mode, and to develop new method of polymer processing and new technologies of polymer products application.
A New Preparation Method of Barrier Material Based on Micro-Nano Lamination Technology
Authors: Wang Qian , Xie Peng Cheng , Yang Wei Min , Ding Yu Mei
Published: February 2012

The new micro-nano lamination technology is developed to produce composite materials with alternating layers structure. After polymer melt enter into the unit passing the process of stream-reverse-superimposed, it produces functional composites with dozens or even thousands of alternating layers, it obtains barrier performance that general multi-layer co-extrusion can not compare with. Equipment cost is low and production process is simple in the barrier composite material production process.
The Structure Design of a New V-Belt
Authors: Meng Z.M. , Ren C. , Qiao Y.B.
Published: February 2012

According to the unique cross-section shape of v-belt, the function of the neural layer and strong layer in different place of strong layer can be obtained. Based on the characteristic of v-belt, we can get a new two-layer v-belt and make the neutral layer coincide with the dividing line of strong layer and colloid. After theoretical analysis, the conclusion can be made as following: the improved v-belt structure can exert the strong layer’s carrying capacity greatly and decrease the risk of shedding from strong layer and colloid to the full as well as improve the v-belt’s manufacture technology.
Non-Plug Solid Conveying Theory and Granule in Feeding Section by Single-Screw Extrusion Molding
Authors: Liu Chun Hui , Shi Da Li , Wu Yan Yang , Qin Jian Hua
Published: February 2012

This paper analyzed granule of non-plug flow solid conveying section, and found the theoretical basis of the calculation model of granule from soil mechanics, and derived the constitutive equation of granule in detail, etc. All this work expounds the main idea of non-plug solid conveying theory from one side, so as to get a glimpse of the theory.
A New Technology for the Synthesis of Rare-Earth Stearate and Several Metal Stearate at the same Time
Authors: Ge Tie Jun , He Wei , Yu Yang , He Xiao Feng
Published: February 2012

A new technology for the synthesis of rare earth stearate and several metal stearate at the same time is described in this paper. The optimum technical conditions for the synthesis of rare earth stearate and different metal stearate at the same time was studied. The results proved there were synergistic effect among rare earth stearate and metal stearate .The complex stabilizer has good heat stability.
Simulation on Effect of Five Kinds of Belt Structures on Tire Performance
Authors: Liu Yong , Zhang Ge , Yan Hua , Ding Yu Mei , Yang Wei Min
Published: February 2012

In this article, three kinds of belt named B, C and D type are invented, then their main performance are compared with the other two kinds of belt structures introduced in previous papers. Simulation results showed that B and D-type belts are better than the other three. Comparatively the latter needs less material, its molding process is easier, and the tire body is lighter than B type tire, so in general it can be considered that D-type belt is the best among the five kinds of belt structures.
Finite-Element Comparative Analysis of Two Kinds of Meshing Rotor
Authors: Wang Chuan Sheng , Lv Wei Shuai , Bian Hui Guang
Published: February 2012

This paper mainly introduces two kinds of internal mixer rotor. The professional visco-elastic fluid software--Polyflow is used to obtain dynamic simulation analysis process of the two different types of meshing rotors. The transient flow field model’s simulation results of the two intermeshing rotors which have rotated for 180 seconds are used to analyze the performance of the two rotors. And these analyses can be theoretical references for optimal design of the rotor.
Mesoscale Simulation of Drug Molecules Distribution in the Matrix of Konjac Glucomannan (KGM) at Varying Drug Concentrations
Authors: Pang Lei , Zhang Chi , Liu Da Huan , Zhong Chong Li , Luo Xue Guang , Lin Xiao Yan
Published: February 2012

Dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) is used in this work to simulate the distribution of carmustine (BCNU) molecules in konjac glucomannan (KGM) as potential drug carrier. It is shown from DPD simulation that the aggregated morphology of KGM differs at varying BCNU concentration levels. At 1 mol % of BCNU the phase aggregates as spherical particles, and at 5 mol% of BCNU, some BCNU molecules were partially uncovered by KGM molecules due to high drug concentration. However, even at higher concentration, most of the BCNU molecules are distributed in the inner area of the matrix, indicating that KGM interacts with BCNU well and it is a promising drug carrier for BCNU in water. DPD simulations may provide a powerful tool for designing drug delivery systems.
Research on Moulding Process and Dielectric Property of Polyimide Foam
Authors: Qi Kai Liang , Zhang Guang Cheng
Published: February 2012

Foaming moulding process, cellular structure and dielectric property of polyimide (PI) foam which has been prepared by esterification method were discussed. Research results showed that the cell of prepared PI foam was well-distributed and its pore volume and porosity were bigger by microwave heating when methanol was used as the foaming agent and its content in the polyester ammonium salt (PEAS) precursor powder was 13-15%; meanwhile, the dielectric constant and loss factor of PI foam were lower.
Analytical Method of the Rolling Resistance of Radial Tire Base on ANSYS
Authors: Wang Ze Peng , Ke Jia Na , Ma Lian Xiang
Published: February 2012

Rolling resistance can impact on the fuel economy and dynamics of automobile. Numerical simulation can predict the rolling resistance and reduce the experimental cost. So, a simulation model was established base on ANSYS to compute the rolling resistance. Firstly, the 3D model finite element model of a radial tire was setup to solve the strain and stress of a rolling tire. Secondly ,the temperature field of tire was analyzed in line with the analytical result of the strain and stress. Thirdly, the rolling energy loss was calculated to solve the rolling resistance. The simulation method is conducive to the structural design of tire and computation or prediction of the rolling resistance of tire.
Kinematic Simulation of the Tripod Universal Joint with or without Gap
Authors: Chang De Gong , Sun Lu , Zuo Bin
Published: February 2012

In this paper, based on the structural features of twin tripod sliding universal joint, by using the CAD software Pro/E technology, the author first established the three-dimensional solid model of the twin tripod sliding universal joint, then compared the kinematics analysis under the following two circumstances ,that is, with or without a clearance of kinematic pairs and obtained the kinematical regularities of various components of the twin tripod sliding universal joint, which can provide a theoretical basis for the further research of the impact of the clearance on the tripod universal joint.
Effect of Plasticizer and Load on Melt Electrospinning of PLA
Authors: Zhao Feng Wen , Liu Yong , Ding Yu Mei , Yan Hua , Xie Peng Cheng , Yang Wei Min
Published: February 2012

Melt electrospinning was used to produce PLA superfine fibers. The high spun temperature will lead to serious degradation of PLA. To alleviate the thermal decomposition and obtain superfine fibers at low temperature, sucrrose fatty acid esters (SE) was added to decrease the viscosity of PLA melt. The diameter of PLA including SE was 1.5μm while those of pure PLA was 6.4μm. At the same time, pure PLA melt cost a long time to flow out of cylinder. So SE increased the flowability of PLA melt, which ensured PLA fibers of small diameters were get at low temperature. Spinning load or melt velocity has a direct effect on the relative molecular mass of PLA fibers.
Research on Rubber One Step Injection Molding Technology and Equipment
Authors: Pei Yi Zhou , Lv Bai Yuan
Published: February 2012

Through the laboratory research on the one step injection molding technology, as well as a series of industrialization researches on the injection tire capsule, injection oilfield used screw drill rubber stator and injection solid tire, this thesis presents the principle of one step injection molding technology and proves the feasibility, practicability of this technology. Substituting the traditional compression molding method, one step injection molding is a new technology with high efficiency, good product quality and low cost; it also has a broad prospect of application and huge developing potential.
Thermal Simulation and Experimental Study on Tire Building Machine Hot Knife
Authors: Tang Yue , Meng Ling Qian
Published: February 2012

To tire building machine hot knife , for example, the heat set temperature, flank contact temperature and flank edge temperature were determined and analysis, finite element method for heat transfer simulation calculations. After experimental verification, simulation and prediction of flank and edge temperature consistent with the measured data. Experiments show that the temperature can effectively control the heat source to control the temperature of a specific area, so not for the excess heat to meet the processing requirements to achieve efficient use of energy.
A Review of Studies on the Granular Agglomeration Mechanisms and Anti-Agglomeration Methods
Authors: Hu De Dong , Zhuang Jian Bin , Ding Ming Lei
Published: February 2012

Abstract: It is important to understand the mechanisms of the granular agglomeration and take the appropriate anti-agglomeration methods for the preparation and application of ultra-fine powder. In recent years there have been various agglomeration mechanisms and anti-agglomeration methods in granulation, with more and more researchers having devoted themselves to this case. This review critically evaluates the soft and hard agglomeration mechanisms and the anti-agglomeration methods in liquid and gas phase, put forward up to now. The granular agglomeration behavior can’t be explained well by the existing mechanisms and avoided completely by the existing anti-agglomeration methods. It is urgently for us to have a deeper insight of the theory of agglomeration and take the comprehensive anti-agglomeration methods.
A Survey of Robot Visual Tracking Algorithm
Authors: Huang Yi Hu , Hu Man , Chong Hong Lei , Jia Xi Mei , Ma Ji Xiang , Liu Wen Long
Published: February 2012

In this paper, the robot vision systems are studied. Through the analysis of the visual tracking process, this paper classifies and introduces several commonly track. The features affecting the quality of target tracking, such as block, rotation, translation deformation and others, are analyzed and discussed. At last, some further directions of target tracking algorithm are also shortly addressed.
Data Measurement and Analysis Method for YLJ Series Tire Uniformity Testing Machine
Authors: Hang Bai Lin , Lu Zhong Yu , Duan Zhen Ya , Liu Fa Wei
Published: February 2012

This paper provides a concise description of the international development of the low-speed tire uniformity testing machine (TUTM). And particular emphasis is given to the developing history of YLJ series TUTM, researched and developed independently by MESNAC Co., Ltd. It is well known that data measurement and analysis are fundamental to a TUTM. However, very few studies of testing mechanism of tire uniformity have been reported. The primary subject of this paper is to describe operational principle, measurement of force, data measurement and analysis methods of YLJ series TUTM. It also shows the good property of YLJ series TUTM combined with the experimental data of a 215/70R15 97H tire repeated test 10 times.
A Comparison of BPMN 2.0 with other Notations for Manufacturing Processes
Authors: García-Domínguez A. , Marcos Bárcena Mariano , Medina I.
Published: February 2012

In order to study their current practices and improve on them, manufacturing firms need to view their processes from several viewpoints at various abstraction levels. Several notations have been developed for this purpose, such as Value Stream Mappings or IDEF models. Recently, the BPMN 2.0 standard from the Object Management Group has been proposed for modeling business processes. A process organizes several activities into a single higher-level entity, which can be reused elsewhere in the organization. Its potential for standardizing business interactions is well-known, but there is little work on using BPMN 2.0 to model manufacturing processes. In this work some of the previous notations are outlined and BPMN 2.0 is positioned among them after discussing it in more depth. Some guidelines on using BPMN 2.0 for manufacturing are offered, and its advantages and disadvantages in comparison with the other notations are presented.
Balance between Lean and Sustainability in Product Development
Authors: Sorli Mikel , Sopelana A. , Salgado M. , Peláez G. , Ares E.
Published: February 2012

Companies require tools to change towards a new way of developing and producing innovative products to be manufactured considering the economic, social and environmental impact along the product life cycle. Based on translating Lean principles in Product Development (PD) from the design stage and, along the entire product life cycle, it is aimed to address both sustainability and environmental issues. The drivers of sustainable culture within a lean PD have been identified and a baseline for future research on the development of appropriate tools and techniques has been provided. This research provide industry with a framework which balance environmental and sustainable factors with lean principles to be considered and incorporated from the beginning of product design and development covering the entire product lifecycle.
Analysis of Polarization-Maintaining Waveguide Used in Resonance Integrated Optical Gyro
Authors: Liu Hui Lan , Li Ru Ya , Yu Huai Yong , Wang Jun Jie , Jiao Zhi Chao
Published: February 2012

Resonance integrated optical gyroscope, Polarization-maintaining waveguide, Single-mode condition, Birefringence. Abstract. A polarization-maintaining (PM) waveguide used in Resonance Integrated Optical Gyro (RIOG) is theoretically proposed. Three essential factors determining the PM performance, which are the single-mode condition, birefringence and core index, are analyzed and optimized respectively. The single-mode rectangular waveguide is obtained by analyzing the propagation mode of the rectangular waveguide. A high birefringence waveguide design method is brought up according to the theory of geometrical birefringence, realized by changing the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide. The effect that the core index contributes to the birefringence is also discussed, and an optimal core index of the waveguide to reach maximal birefringence is determined in the condition of single-mode transmission. The high birefringence PM Waveguide with geometrical birefringence of 1.5×10-4 is obtained by theoretical analysis, the simulation results shows that the polarization cross-talk in RIOG is obviously improved.
Pull-In Voltage of Parallel-Plate Capacitor Fixed to Double Elastic Supports
Authors: Zhou Wu , Peng Bei , Hao Xiao Hong
Published: February 2012

Parallel-plate capacitor whose plates both fixed to elastic supports is presented and analyzed in this paper, and its cantilevers model is analyzed to study the parameter dependence of pull-in voltage. The whole process of voltage calculation is based on material mechanics theories and analytical methods, and the results are verified by simulation of MEMS software, which is mainly aiming at the effects of plate dimensions on pull-in voltage. It is concluded that the longer are the supporting beams, the smaller are the effects of plate’s parameters on voltage, besides, the effect extent of longitudinal length of plate is little larger than that of transverse length.
Simulation of Injection Molding of Ultra-Thin Light Guide Plate with Hemispherical Microstructures
Authors: Dong Peng Wei , Zhao Zhong Li , Wu Da Ming , Zhang Ya Yun , Zhuang Jian
Published: February 2012

Micro injection molding is used widely owing to its high accuracy, high production efficiency, low cost and can fabricate products with complex structures. For optical components, the residual stress is a main element for quality. In this research, the light guide plate is used as the study object. The light guide plate was designed by software Pro-E, and was simulated by Moldflow for filling process. Orthogonal method was used in this research. The most important factor that affects residual stress level is mold temperature. The level of the different process parameters on residual stress are mold temperature, packing time, packing pressure and melt temperature.
The Out-Rotator of Spin Traveling Wave Pump on Magnetic Fluid
Authors: Zhao Meng , Zou Ji Bin , Shang Jing
Published: February 2012

According to researching the spin traveling wave pump, the relationship of the characteristics of magnetic fluid and the press is investigated under the spin magnetic field by the theory method. The relationship of moving, magnetic field and press is investigated by the decoupled computation between the magnetic field and force. The method is scientificity and rationality by the testing. The distributing shape of magnetic fluid in the pump is affected by the adding magnetic field under the spin magnetic field when the magnetic fluid is filled in the pump. At the same time, the adding magnetic field is affected by magnetic particles of magnetic fluid. The magnetic fluid can be moved by the effect of the adding magnetic field in the pump. The flux of magnetic fluid increases with the magnetic field.