bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Oil Factor on Economic Growth in Oil-exporting Countries
Authors: Osintseva Marina A.
Published: January 2022

Traditional types of energy resources, among which oil is primary, have a huge influence on economic development in various manifestations. In our research, we discuss dependence of economic growth in oil-exporting countries on first-order factors, such as oil prices, oil production, and structural shift in a share of oil exports. To review 2005-2019, we chose leading oil-exporting nations, including the OPEC members (Iraq, Iran, Libya, Saudi Arabia, and Nigeria), as well as countries outside this group (Russia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, and Norway). Having used statistical and regression techniques, we confirm that the correlation between oil price fluctuations and economic growth raises with the scale effect. Larger economies (by absolute GDP in oil-exporting nations and hydrocarbon production) might generate more intensive economic growth from positive changes in oil prices than small economies. Also, the OPEC members show the strongest structural shifts in the change of the share of oil exports than the other countries. Resulting regression dependences led us to the conclusion that in oil-exporting countries, economic growth largely depends on an increase in oil prices and changes in oil production rates. But contrary to the expectations saying that in time of downturns, as far as global oil prices fall, nations will reduce oil exports, we observe the reverse picture – changed role of the price factor. We explain this with the keeping income-balance strategy, where the oil price parameter is a tool to choose ideal production. Our findings show that with the 1%-increase in oil production, the countries under considerations (the OPEC members) might reach GDP from 0.0367% (Iraq) to 0.437% (Libya). For countries outside OPEC, such a GDP growth might be more intensive. For instance, in Russia, it might be up to 1.559%. This also points out that the joint coordinating policy in oil production affects the economic growth potential.
Energy-Growth Nexus in Indonesia: Fresh Evidence from Asymmetric Causality Test
Authors: Ikhsan Ikhsan , Fachrurrozi Kamal , Nasir Muhammad , Elfiana Elfiana , Nurjannah Nurjannah
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the causality between energy consumption and economic growth with an asymmetric causality approach in Indonesia. Data used from 1971-2014. Asymmetric causality using the Hatemi-J method (2012). Bootstrap simulation is also implemented because the data is not normally distributed and there is volatility to get a more reliable critical value than using asymptotic values. The first finding is that classical causality with Toda-Yamamoto finds no relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Indonesia. The second finding shows that asymmetric causality shows no relationship between energy consumption and economic growth on a positive cumulative basis. However, the third finding obtained a bidirectional in negative cumulative. It is known that the impact of a decrease in energy consumption is greater on a decrease in economic growth than vice versa. Based on these findings, energy consumption in Indonesia has reached an optimal point so that additional energy consumption does not have an impact on economic growth. However, efforts to stabilize energy and economic growth are urgently needed.
Pollution Haven Hypothesis in Africa: Does the Quality of Institutions Matter?
Authors: Bouzahzah Mohamed
Published: January 2022

This article aims at investigating whether the FDI inflows affect CO2 emissions for a set of 40 African countries. To be specific, it seeks to perceive, to what extent the quality of institutions plays a role in the empirical validity of the famous pollution haven hypothesis (PHH). We apply Panel ARDL and the three estimators; Pooled Mean Group (PMG), Mean Group (MG) and Dynamic Fixed Effect estimator (DFE) but also Granger causality and Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality for annual data from 1988 to 2016. Long run results indicate the link between FDI, and pollution is relatively complex. If in general, the PHH does not seem to be validated, the result represents quite the opposite when we consider the institutional quality in the diverse African countries. Indeed, our results show the quality of institutions determines the nature of FDI received by African countries. In countries with a high level of corruption, inward FDI significantly reduces CO2 emissions, while in countries with low institutional quality, inward FDI increases CO2 emissions. Some policy recommendations have been formulated to support African countries reduce carbon emissions and support economic development. In particular, institutional reform would enable African countries to reconcile economic development, particularly through the FDI, with environmental quality.
Forecasting Hourly Electricity Demand Under COVID-19 Restrictions
Authors: Kok Ali , Yükseltan Ergün , Hekimoğlu Mustafa , Agca Aktunc Esra , Yücekaya Ahmet , Bilge Ayşe
Published: January 2022

The rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted many sectors including the electricity sector. The restrictions such as lockdowns, remote-working, and -schooling significantly altered the consumers' behaviors and demand structure especially due to a large number of people working at home. Accurate demand forecasts and detailed production plans are crucial for cost-efficient generation and transmission of electricity. In this research, the restrictions and their corresponding timing are classified and mapped with the Turkish electricity demand data to analyze the impact of the restrictions on total demand using a multiple linear regression model. In addition, the model is utilized to forecast the electricity demand in pandemic conditions and to analyze how different types of restrictions impact the total electricity demand. It is found that among three levels of COVID-19 restrictions, age-specific restrictions and the complete lockdown have different effects on the electricity demand on weekends and weekdays. In general, new scheduling approaches for daily and weekly loads are required to avoid supply-demand mismatches as COVID-19 significantly changed the consumer behavior, which appears as altered daily and weekly load profiles of the country. Long-term policy implications for the energy transition and lessons learned from the COVID-19 experience are also discussed.
The Relationship between Renewable Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Azerbaijan
Authors: Mukhtarov Shahriyar
Published: January 2022

This article examines the causal relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in case of Azerbaijan using annual data from 1992 to 2015. The Toda-Yamamoto causality test framework of vector autoregressive (VAR) model is utilized to test causal relationship between the variables. The results of this test reveal that there is unidirectional causality running from economic growth to renewable energy consumption. The study's findings might be a helpful tool for Azerbaijani policymakers and oil-rich economies to make renewable energy-related policy decisions.
Microplastic Ingestion by Fishes from Jamuna River, Bangladesh
Authors:   Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University,  Tangail, Bangladesh, Khan H.M. Shahnewaz , Setu Shamsunnahar ,   Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University,  Tangail, Bangladesh
Published: January 2022

Microplastics (MP) have been an evolving global concern by dint of the escalation of plastic pollution in the aquatic environment. However, few data document MP ingestion and accumulation in freshwater fauna as compared to marine organisms. This study investigates the prevalence of MPs in the gastrointestinal tracts (GIT) of 45 individuals belonging to seven commonly found Bangladeshi freshwater fish species with different feeding types (herbivore, carnivore, and omnivore). A total of 81 MP items of varying shapes were detected in 76% of individuals investigated, with an average abundance of 1.80±1.65 items/individual. Of these, fiber was identified as the most prevalent ingested MP type (70%) followed by film (14%), line (10%), fragment (4%), and foam (2%). Black-colored MPs were the most dominant (27%) followed by white (26%), blue (24%), red (17%), and green (6%). The results demonstrated a higher number of MPs in the carnivore (1.95 items/individual) and omnivore (1.85 items/individual) fish species as compared to herbivore fish species. Among carnivores, Wallago attu registered the highest amount of ingested MP items (3.5 items/individual), while Anguilla bengalensis registered the highest amount of ingested MP items (2.14 items/individual) among the omnivores. The amount of ingested MPs was significantly correlated (P<0.05) with body size, body weight, and gut weight, while an insignificant correlation (P>0.05) was found between the number of consumed MPs and trophic fractions. The results provide valuable insights into the prevalence of MPs in freshwater fish in Bangladesh and associated bioaccumulation through trophic transfer.
Diretos e deveres do consumidor no contrato de seguro de automóvel
Authors: Costa Andressa Cristina Barretto da
Published: January 2022

Quando o assunto é contrato de seguro, o seguro de automóvel é uma das modalidades mais comuns. É normal, nos dias de hoje, que as pessoas contratem um seguro para proteger seus veículos de eventuais infortúnios, vez que automóveis são rotineiramente expostos a riscos. Apesar de sua grande adesão, este tipo de contrato possui certas especificidades que podem gerar muitas dúvidas por parte de quem o contrata. Assim, antes de realizar a contratação é importante que o proponente tenha em mente o que está contratando. Neste contexto, o presente artigo, tem como questão norteadora: quais são os direitos e deveres do segurado e da seguradora em um contrato de seguro? Para respondê-la, utilizou como metodologia a pesquisa documental com o objetivo de fornecer informações sobre o contrato de seguro de automóvel, além de esclarecer os direitos e deveres do segurado e da empresa seguradora decorrentes da efetivação do seguro. Concluindo-se que o contrato gera obrigações para ambas as partes, sendo que a principal obrigação do segurado é pagar o prêmio contratado, já a da Seguradora é prestar o serviço determinado no contrato quando solicitado. Além disso, para manter o equilíbrio da relação, os contraentes devem agir com clareza, boa-fé e honestidade, prestando sempre informações e declarações de acordo com a verdade.
Single Versus Double Drainage Insertion After Total Mastectomy and Axillary Dissection
Authors: Win Tin mg , Myint Sie thu , Myat Aung , Thuya Htun , Lwin Thein
Published: January 2022

Background: Breast cancer is the commonest malignancy in women of Myanmar. Mastectomy is one of the main surgical treatments of breast cancer. Postoperative seroma is a common complication after mastectomy, which increases chances of infection, delays wound healing, causes flap necrosis, persistent pain, and dehiscence of the wound and thus increases the convalescence period. This study aimed to compare the seroma formation between single drainage and double drainage after total mastectomy and axillary dissection for breast cancer patients.Methods: One-year hospital based comparative study was conducted at general surgical wards of Yangon General Hospital where 150 patients were included. Patients were randomized into two groups: 75 patients were with single drain into axilla and another 75 patients were with double drains (one into axilla and one into mastectomy bed). Drainage volume was recorded daily and summed up into total amount. The drain was removed when output was <30ml in 24 hours for two consecutive days. Follow-up visits were made at second, third and fourth weeks to check for seroma.Results: Mean age was 48.66 years in the single drain group and 51.22 years in the double drain group. Mean Body Mass Index (BMI) were 28.20kg/m2 in the first group and 28.79kg/m2 in the second. Statistically significant differences were not seen between the groups regarding total drain amount (315.13ml and 325.47ml, P=0.38). Duration of drains in the single group remained significantly shorter than in the double group (5.78 days and 6.38 days, P=0.002). Seroma during immediate postoperative period was seen in 29.3% and 36%, respectively (P=0.38). For one month follow-up, seroma was developed in 3 patients (4%) from each group. Statistically significant differences were not observed regarding the number of aspiration and the amount of aspiration between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Both single and double drain methods had almost similar rates of seroma formation after total mastectomy and axillary dissection. But single drain is recommended to reduce patients’ discomfort with less morbidity and cost.
Impact of Survivorship Care Planning of Oncology Care at the End of Treatment for Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Williamson-Butler Shannon , Creamer Samantha , Flahive Julie , Keating Beth , Crocker Candace , Edmiston Kathryn , Harralson Tina , Boudreaux Edwin , O'Hea Erin
Published: January 2022

Background: In 2006, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) issued a report recommending that all cancer survivors receive a customized survivorship care plan (SCP) to increase survivors’ understanding of diagnoses, long-term treatment effects, and ideas for improving overall health. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare a tailored SCP program (POST) to treatment as usual (TAU) on patient ratings of quality and content of discussion with providers at the end of their breast cancer treatment.Methods: Two hundred participants were randomized to receive either the POST treatment (n=100) or TAU (n=100) at their last treatment visit. Women were presented with a checklist of 29 survivorship topics and indicated whether their healthcare provider discussed it at their last visit. They were also asked to rate overall quality of discussion (QOD) with their providers and across several QOD subscales.Results: Analyses indicated that on average, POST women endorsed 20 out of the 29 topics compared to 14 topics endorsed by TAU. Additionally, POST women reported a better QOD overall and across all subscales. Conclusion: POST women remembered discussing more survivorship topics and reported better discussions with their providers. As a practical implication, cancer survivors should receive an individualized SCP to ensure that patients feel well informed of their road to survivorship.
Radial Scar: what the radiologist needs to know in 2021
Authors: Ferre Romuald , Kuzmiak Cherie M
Published: January 2022

N/A
Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects Of Dipsacus Asperoides in a Cellular Model for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Telang Nitin , Nair Hareesh , Wong George
Published: January 2022

Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks expressions of estrogen receptor-α (ER-α), progesterone receptor (PR) and amplified human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2). Current treatment for TNBC includes anthracyclin, taxol and cisplatin-based conventional chemotherapy and survival pathway PARP, PI3K, AKT and mTOR selective targeted therapy. These treatments exhibit dose-limiting systemic toxicity and presence of drug resistant cancer stem cells, which highlight the need for identification of efficacious testable alternatives that are not toxic to non-tumorigenic cells. Dipsacus asperoides (DA) is a Chinese nutritional herb and its root represents a common ingredient in Chinese herbal formulations used in women for estrogen related health issues, osteoporosis and breast diseases. This study aims to investigate the growth inhibitory effects of DA, and to detect mechanisms for its efficacy.
Methods: Human mammary carcinoma derived triple negative MDA-MB-231 cell line represented the TNBC model. Non-fractionated aqueous extract from DA represented the test agent. Anchorage dependent growth, anchorage independent (AI) colony formation and cell cycle progression quantified growth inhibition. Western blot-based analysis for inhibition of RAS, PI3K and AKT and RB signaling identified mechanistic leads.
Results: Treatment with DA induced a dose dependent cytostatic growth arrest (IC50:15 µg/ml; IC90: 30 µg/ml), reduced AI growth and inhibited cell cycle progression via G2/M arrest. DA affected the RAS, PI3K, AKT and RB signaling pathways, and functioned as a natural inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinase 4/6. Cellular apoptosis paralleled increase in pro-apoptotic Caspase 3/7 activity.  
Conclusion: These results demonstrate that DA inhibited growth, affected cell cycle progression, induced apoptosis and inhibited cancer cell survival pathways. This study validates a mechanism-based approach to identifying testable substitutes for secondary prevention/therapy of TNBC.
Validity of the Snyder's Adult Hope Scale (AHS) among Iranian Women with Breast Cancer
Authors: Vakili Yaghoob , Ghanbari Nikzad , Nooripour Roghieh , Mansournia Mohammad Ali , Ilanloo Hossein , J. Matacotta Joshua
Published: January 2022

Background: Cancer has experienced an alarming growth in the last two decades and is considered a pressing health problem of modern life. This study investigated the validity of Snyder's Adult Hope Scale (AHS) in Iranian women with breast cancer.Methods: 177 Iranian women with breast cancer were randomly selected for the present descriptive cross-sectional study. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire and the Persian version of Snyder's Adult Hope Scale (AHS), the DASS-21. The psychometric properties of the AHS were examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and discriminant validity using analysis of the DASS-21.Results: The results of CFA showed that the two-factor provided an excellent fit to the data. All items of the loadings delivered a significant factor.These results are acceptable because the factor loadings of all items were significant, and the factor load of all items other than item 1 is higher than 0.5, indicating the model's optimal fit. There was a significant negative relationship between AHS and DASS-21 scores for anxiety (r=-0.49), depression (r=-0.51), and stress (r=-0.47), indicating acceptable divergent validity. Conclusion: Snyder's Adult Hope Scale (AHS) can be used as a valid and appropriate tool in clinical and educational settings to assess the hope of women with breast cancer and prepare treatment and prevention programs.
Pruning and fertilization in young Pinus greggii plantations established at Durango, Mexico
Authors: Rosales Serna Rigoberto , Basave Villalobos Erickson , Ríos Saucedo Julio César , Santana Espinoza Saúl , Domínguez Martínez Pablo Alfredo , Sierra Zurita Donají
Published: January 2022

Objective: To evaluate the effects of pruning and fertilization on the growth of Pinus greggii plantationsestablished at Durango state, Mexico.Design/methodology/approach: In a plantation (Durango), pruning was applied in three intensities (0, 50,and 75%) in a randomized complete block design. Four years later, the basal diameter (Db), normal diameter(ND), total plant height (PH), and stem height (SH) were evaluated. In another plantation (La Soledad), twopruning levels (0 and 50%) and foliar fertilization (with and without application) were applied in a completelyrandomized factorial design. Seven months later, Db, PH, and crown diameter (CD) were assessed. Theanalysis of their variance and means comparison test (Tukey, 0.05) were performed.Results: In Durango, pruning diminished the Db and PH, but increased the SH (p0.01). In La Soledad,pruning also affected growth. The Db, PH, and CD were lower (p0.01) when trees were pruned. Fertilizationaffected the PH (p0.05) and CD (p0.01) as well. The PH and the CD for both pruned and unpruned treesincreased with fertilization.Limitations/implications: Pruning at 50 and 75% intensities are not suitable for P. greggii because it reducestheir growth.Findings/conclusions: Fertilization favors the growth of P. greggii planted on low fertility soils for both prunedand unpruned trees, but the pruning and fertilization interaction should be examined in detail for a longerperiod
Earthworm services: an agroecological perspective
Authors: Ortiz-Ceballos Angel I. , Lara-González Rogelio , Cuevas-Díaz María del Carmen , Martínez-Velázquez Katia Jassiel
Published: January 2022

Objective: To review and discuss the invisible and silent role of the activity of earthworms, which are considered “agroecosystem engineers”.
Design/methodology/approach: A database search of scientific articles published in Mexico and worldwide was performed.
Results: The literature reviewed shows that earthworms constitute the most abundant biomass in the vast majority of tropical agroecosystems. In addition, earthworms have long been shown to improve a) soil structure; b) interaction with symbiotic microorganisms; c) nutrient mineralization and availability; d) pollutant removal; e) regulation of foliar herbivory; and f) crop yields.
Limitations on study/implications: Most studies have been conducted in laboratories and greenhouses.
Findings/conclusions: Earthworms increase soil quality and agricultural productivity. Their protection, promotion, and management are suggested in order to manage, preserve, and restore soil health, as well as to ensure a sustainable crop production.
Implementation of Biomimetic Architectural Concepts on Equestrian Buildings
Authors: Fadhurrahman Farhan , Mutia Fairuz
Published: January 2022

Equestrian sport is one of the efforts to improve human resources and quality. To create good conditions for athletes and the horses themselves, it is therefore necessary to have an open space that is environmentally responsive by making this place their 'home'. To create an open and environmentally responsive space, this equestrian building will use the concept of Biomimetic Architecture, the concept of Biomimetic Architecture to obtain the basic concept of architectural design that minimizes changes to the site. Biomimetic architecture uses nature as a model, reference and guide for solving problems in architecture. This research aims to analyse the points of biomimetic architecture that can be applied to buildings. This research is included in the descriptive qualitative category, especially using synchronic analysis which produces a solution in the form of a design concept. Data collection is obtained from the literature study which is then synthesized and becomes design criteria. From each application point studied, it can answer problems regarding the effect of each criterion on the building itself.
A Feasibility Study of Non-invasive Blood Glucose Level Detection Using Near-Infrared Optical Spectroscopy
Authors: Sridevi Parama , Arefin ASM Shamsul , Md Ibrahim Abu Shahadat
Published: January 2022

Diabetes mellitus, a common disease of the modern era, is a glucose level disorder in the human body that affects the vital organs of the body and damages them gradually if left untreated. Regular blood glucose monitoring is one of the prescribed routines to control the complications of diabetes. Unfortunately, most available methods of blood glucose level measurement involve invasive ways. Invasive techniques are painful, make the finger skin calloused and the patients suffer from the risk of infectious diseases. Hence, there lies a need to develop an effective non-invasive blood sugar measurement technique to relieve the patients from the nuisance. In order to address the issue, a non-invasive technique has been designed and implemented using 940 nm near-infrared (NIR) LED and a corresponding photodiode. Initially, the in-vitro test was performed over the glucose solution of various concentrations to check the sensitivity of the device. After that pilot experiments were carried out on diabetic patients. The obtained results conformed the theory of near infra-red spectroscopic optical theory. The results also showed that the developed technique can be comparable with the conventional invasive glucometer based method. Furthermore, the implemented prototype is economically viable, especially for the low-income population. This promising results thus pledge the potentials, feasibility, and reliability of the NIR based non-invasive blood glucose detection devices.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics Vol.14 No.1 2021 P 1-13
Vision-related Quality of Life in Malaysian Children with Threshold and Prethreshold Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Wern-Yih Chong , Fazilawati Qamarruddin , Rahmat Jamalia , Shatriah Ismail
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is higher in developing countries compared to developed countries. There is limited data on vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) among children with severe type of ROP in developing countries. This study evaluated the influence of threshold and prethreshold ROP on VRQoL in Malaysian children.Methods: Multicenter prospective cross-sectional study conducted in three tertiary hospitals in 2018 to 2019. Children less than 7 years old with previous ROP diagnosis were recruited. Patients with systemic comorbidities that affected vision or daily activities were excluded. A parent or guardian completed the Children’s Visual Function Questionnaire (CVFQ) for the assessment of child’s general health, general vision, competence, personality, family impact, and treatment difficulty.Results: Eight were categorized with threshold ROP, 16 with high-risk prethreshold ROP, and 26 with low-risk prethreshold ROP. Fifty age-matched controls were also included. Mean visual acuity in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution was 0.46 in the threshold, 0.08 in high-risk prethreshold, and 0.01 in low-risk prethreshold subgroups. Threshold ROP was associated with myopia and strabismus, and associated with poor visual acuity compared to prethreshold ROP. Mean total CVFQ score was significantly lower in the ROP group (p < 0.001) compared to the control group. Mean score and all mean subscale scores were significantly lower in the threshold subgroup compared to high-risk and low-risk prethreshold subgroups, with lowest subscale scores on general vision and general health. There was significant association between gestational age, visual acuity of the better eye, family income, and VRQoL (p < 0.05).Conclusions: ROP was associated with lower VRQoL in children born prematurely in Malaysia. The threshold ROP group is the most affected. General vision and health domains are their main difficulties encountered. Gestational age, visual acuity of the better eye, and family income affects the VRQoL.
Kooperatiflerde Çok Yönlü Politikaların, Ortak Memnuniyetleri ve Kooperatifçilik Bilinci Üzerindeki Etkisi: Tarım Kredi Kooperatifleri
Authors: ENGİN Mehmet , ÖZDEMİR Gülen
Published: January 2022

Türkiye’de tarımsal yapının, küçük parçalı ve dağınık arazilerden oluşması, modern işletme anlayışıyla yönetilmeyen hayvansal ve bitkisel üretim uygulamaları, tarımsal kooperatifçiliğin, tarımda bir denge unsuru olarak bulunmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Kaldı ki, tarım hiçbir zaman serbest piyasa ekonomisi içinde, kendiliğinden şekillenmesi beklenebilecek bir sektör değildir. Bu yüzden tarımın kredilendirilmesi, projelerle yönlendirilmesi, ekonomik işletme mantığıyla yönetilmesi zorunluluktur. Ancak uygulamalarda aksaklıklar olduğu ve giderilmesi yönünde kararlı politikaların ortaya konamadığı görülmektedir. Araştırmada Tekirdağ İlindeki tarım kredi kooperatiflerinin ortaklarına katkıları ortaya konmuş ve çözüm önerileri tartışılmıştır. Araştırmada Tekirdağ Bölge Birliğine bağlı 43 birim kooperatifte, 18.190 ortaktan 13.747’si faal ortak olup, örnek hacmi 121 ortak olarak belirlenmiştir. Anket çalışması, yüz yüze görüşme yoluyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tekirdağ ilindeki Tarım Kredi Kooperatiflerinin çok amaçlılık faaliyetlerinin ortaklar üzerindeki etki değerlendirmesi, çeşitli grafik ve istatiksel analiz yöntemleriyle yorumlanmıştır. Ortaklar Tarım Kredi Kooperatiflerinin kredi faiz oranlarını yeterince düşük bulmamaktadır. Bu sonuç, Tarım Kredi Kooperatiflerinin Kooperatifler Bankası ya da ortak fon kaynakları oluşturarak, kaynak maliyetini aşağı çekmesi gibi çözüm önerilerinin değerlendirilmesi gerektiği anlamına gelmektedir. Tarım Kredi Kooperatiflerinin çok amaçlı faaliyetleri ortakların görüşleri doğrultusunda değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada uygulanan çok amaçlı politikalar ile ortakların ekonomik, sosyal alanda beklentileri arasındaki ilişki korelasyon analizi yapılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çok amaçlı politikalarla çiftçilerin işlerinin kolaylaşması arasında (Korelasyon katsayısı: 0.298) pozitif yönlü güçlü bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Projelere katılma ile işlerin kolaylaşması arasında da (Korelasyon katsayısı: 0.408) pozitif yönlü oldukça iyi ilişki gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışmada Tarım Kredi Kooperatiflerinin birçok tarımsal faaliyeti bir arada yürütmesinin, ortaklar tarafından olumlu karşılandığı ortaya çıkmaktadır. Tarım Kredi Kooperatiflerinin ortakları bu kooperatifleri işlerini yürütmede önemli bir araç ve iyi bir alternatif finans kaynağı olarak görmektedirler. Ancak tam demokratik yapıya kavuşabilmesi için kurulacak olan Kooperatifler Bankası içinde etkin olarak yer almalıdır.
Çukurova Yöresi Koşullarında Bazı Buharlaşma Modellerinin Performanslarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KOÇ Deniz Levent
Published: January 2022

Buharlaşma, su döngüsünün anahtar bileşenidir. Buharlaşma miktarının belirlenmesinin; su kaynaklarının yönetimi, su varlığının belirlenmesi, sulama programlaması ve çevresel modelleme çalışmalarında çok önemli bir yeri vardır. A sınıfı buharlaşma kapları açık su yüzeyi buharlaşmasını ölçmek, tarla-bahçe bitkilerinin sulama programlaması ve su yönetimi için; bitki su tüketimlerini tahmin etmek amacıyla tüm dünyada yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Pratik, teorik veya finansal nedenlerden dolayı kap buharlaşmasını ölçmek her zaman mümkün olmayabilir. Açık su yüzeyi buharlaşmasını meteorolojik verilerden kestirmek için pek çok model geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, bunlardan sıcaklığa, radyasyona, kütle transferine ve kombinasyona dayalı olan toplam 10 buharlaşma modeli (Penman-1948, Kohler–Nordenson–Fox (KNF)-1955, Papadakis-1961, Hamon-1961, Antal-1973, Linacre-1977, Hanson&Rauzi-1977, Kharrufa-1985, Abtew-1996, Modified-Turc-1996) Çukurova yöresi bitki büyüme mevsimi boyunca, 30 yıllık iklim verisi kullanılarak A sınıfı buharlaşma kaplarında günlük olarak ölçülen buharlaşma değerlerini kestirmek için kullanılmıştır. Modellerin doğruluğunun ve güvenirliliğinin belirlenmesinde ortalama karekök hatası (RMSE), ortalama sapma hatası (MBE) ve bağıl hata (RE) istatistiksel yaklaşımlarından yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre; Çukurova yöresi koşullarında A sınıfı buharlaşma kaplarından oluşan buharlaşmayı kestirmede en başarılı model, en düşük mevsimsel ortalama RMSE, RE ve MBE değerleriyle KNF (RMSE = 1.5 mm gün-1, RE = 0.4, MBE = -0.1 mm gün-1) olurken; en yüksek RMSE, RE ve MBE değerleriyle Hamon (RMSE = 6.9 mm gün-1, RE = 1.3 MBE = 6 mm gün-1) en başarısız model olmuştur. Araştırmada, Hanson & Rauzi modelide KNF modeline oldukça yakın sonuçlar vermiştir (mevsimsel ortalama değerler: RMSE = 1.6 mm gün-1, RE = 0.4 MBE = 0.7 mm gün-1). Ayrıca, Hanson & Rauzi modelinin KNF modeline göre daha az meteorolojik veri kullanması, Hanson & Rauzi modelinin Çukurova yöresi koşullarında KNF’ye alternatif olabileceğini göstermiştir.
Determination of Nitrogen Leaching Under Precipitation Conditions from Weighted Lysimeter Planted Walnut (Juglans regia L.)
Authors: KARAKUŞ Özgür , GENÇOĞLAN Cafer , GENÇOĞLAN Serpil
Published: January 2022

Many minerals such as especially nitrogen leaching out from the soil in exceed precipitation leach. This situation is a very important factor causing economic losses and environmental pollution. The aim of the study is to determine amount of the nitrogen leaching from the soil by precipitation outside the irrigation season from a weighing lysimeter controlled by a programmable logic controller (PLC). The research was carried out under Kahramanmaraş conditions in the five-month period between December 2018 - April 2019. In the study, a weighed lysimeter with a diameter of 113 cm (1 m2) and a depth of 130 cm was used and on which three-year-old (Maraş 18) walnut was planted. Two pluviometers were used to measure the amount of precipitation falling on lysimeter and the drained water from it. At the beginning of the experiment, 300 gr DAP (diammonium phosphate) fertilizer was applied to the lysimeter soil. A PLC automation system has been created that controls lysimeter and pluviometers for the research. The PLC automation system measured a total precipitation of 868.1 mm and drainage water of 686.6 mm Nitrogen concentrations and loads in the drainage water were determined from 26 water samples taken in the experimental period. In analysis of water samples, it was determined that nitrogen of 12.7 kg was leached from the soil of one hectare with the effect of precipitation. The leaching amount of nitrogen was 8.4%, of which 24% was in the form of ammonium (NH4) and 76% in the form of nitrate (NO3). The highest nitrogen leached with 5.4 kg per hectare in December, when the precipitation was the highest (264.1 mm). According to the results, as amount of precipitation increased, the leaching amount of nitrogen increased leach. Therefore, application programs of nitrogen fertilizer should be prepared by taking into consideration the precipitation regime of the region. It is very important for economy, the environment and human health.
Effect of Die Geometry and Moisture Content on Pelletizing of Palm Pruning Residues
Authors: YILMAZ Hasan , TOPAKCI Mehmet , ÇANAKCI Murad , KARAYEL Davut
Published: January 2022

Palm pruning residues are potential pellet raw material, which are quite abundant in regions with hot climates. In pelletizing process, raw material properties and pellet machine features are the main factors affecting the final pellet quality. In this study, 5 mm sieve hole diameter milled palm pruning residues was pelleted using two different pellet dies and two different pelletizing moisture. First die (D1) has 25 mm total length, 17° inlet angle and 10 mm inlet depth. The second die (D2) has 35 mm total length, 33° inlet angle and 5 mm inlet depth. The inlet and outlet hole diameter of both die are 11 mm and 8 mm, respectively. Pelleting moisture is fixed at two different levels as 10% (M10) and 14% (M14). The change of production parameters and pellet physical properties were investigated according to the die type and moisture content parameters. Increasing pelletizing moisture had a positive effect on the production capacity and it was obtained as 82.44, 103.1, 134.05, 145.49 kg h-1 for D1-M10, D1-M14, D2-M10 and D2-M14 pellets, respectively. The increase in pelletizing moisture caused degradation of the pellet forms, which is more evident in the pellets produced in the D1 die. Pellets produced in the D2 die are more compressed and denser and lower moisture content. The increase in total die length resulted in heavier and denser pellet production, resulting in higher production capacity and low specific energy consumption. Pellet durability index (%, ar) of D1-M10, D1-M14, D2-M10 and D2-M14 were measured as 95.53; 92.29 and 97.74; 98.32, respectively. It was concluded that the longer active die length can tolerate high moisture content pelletizing, and durable pellets can be produced in a wide moisture content range. In addition, die conical dimensions and die length are the factors that needs to be optimized according to different raw materials.
Impacts of overfishing and sedimentation on the feeding behavior and ecological function of herbivorous fishes in coral reefs
Authors: Akita Y , Kurihara T , Uehara M , Shiwa T , Iwai K
Published: January 2022

Coral reef environments are currently experiencing a global crisis. For restoration and conservation of such environments, substratum suitable for coral recruitment is important. Herbivorous fishes are likely to facilitate the survival and growth of coral reefs by removing sediment and epilithic algae on corals in the course of their feeding behavior. However, this facilitative function can be greatly impaired by anthropogenic stressors such as overfishing, which decreases the biomass of fishes, and by excessive sediment deposition due to land development, which might decrease the frequency of feeding. To examine these hypotheses, we conducted observations and experiments at 4 reefs with different degrees of anthropogenic stress in subtropical Japan. Our findings were as follows: (1) Underwater visual censuses, sediment trap surveys, and an analysis of fishery statistics revealed that biomass, population density, and species richness of herbivorous fishes were generally lower in reefs with high densities of fishermen and high sedimentation rates. (2) Caging experiments showed that, compared to control plots, caged plots inaccessible to herbivorous fishes had greater accumulation of sediment and epilithic algae. (3) Sediment removal experiments found that, compared to control plots, experimental plots with the sediment removed were more heavily grazed by some functional groups of herbivorous fishes (grazers). These results suggest that excessive deposition of sediment and overfishing depress the facilitative function of herbivorous fishes, which can further exacerbate the deposition of sediment.
Flagellate Erythema: A Case of Shiitake Dermatitis and Review of Pathogenesis
Authors: Wu Kyle , de Menezes Sara , Robinson Aaron
Published: January 2022

Shiitake dermatitis is a rare eruption that is associated with the ingestion of uncooked shiitake mushrooms, resulting in a distinctive flagellate erythema. It was initially hypothesised that the mechanism of disease related to a toxic reaction to lentinan; however, recent evidence has suggested a potential allergic mechanism. The authors herein present a case of shiitake dermatitis and review the current understanding of pathogenesis of this condition and flagellate morphology. With an increase in consumption of shiitake mushrooms in Western society, shiitake dermatitis is expected to become more prevalent worldwide.
APPLICATION OF DOMESTIC EXPRESS-TEST IN DIAGNOSIS OF SYPHILIS BY RPR METHOD
Authors:   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Kutasevych Yanina , Shary S. M. ,   Joint-stock company «BIOLIK», Kutova V. V. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Bilokon O. M. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Bondarenko G. M. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Nikitenko I. M. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Degtyar T. V. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Zhludko O. V. ,   Joint-stock company «BIOLIK»
Published: January 2022

The objective. Study of the effectiveness of the domestic «Non-treponemal rapid test for the diagnosis of syphilis RPR (Express-test RPR)» produced by JSC «BIOLIK» for screening diagnosis of syphilis by RPR. Materials and methods. Diagnostic test system «Non-treponemal rapid test for the diagnosis of syphilis RPR (Express-test RPR)» JSC «BIOLIK»; RPR-Carbon-DAC (DAC-SpectroMed s.r.l.), «DSU-LEWIS-TEST» (set 2) LLC DSU, a collection of control sera, serum of patients undergoing examination for syphilis in the State Institution «IDV of NAMS of Ukraine». Results. A new domestic test-system «Express-test RPR» (JSC «BIOLIK») was developed based on the determination of syphilis-associated reagin antibodies in serum (plasma) samples of human blood. In the presented work, the diagnostic significance of the diagnostic «Express-test RPR» (JSC «BIOLIK») was evaluated in the format of a screening test. In the study, the test-system showed absolute (100%) sensitivity and specificity in relation to seropositive (n = 87) and seronegative (n = 13) control samples, as well as up to 100 samples obtained during the examination of patients with various forms of pathology in which the presence or absence of cardiolipin antibodies to T. Spallidum was established by other RPR tests. Conclusions. It is recommended to use the «RPR non-treponemal rapid test for the diagnosis of syphilis (RPR rapid test)» produced by BIOLIK JSC as a macroscopic non-treponemal rapid screening test for syphilis.
Indicators of the blood clotting system in patients with acantholytic pemphigus
Authors:   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Oliinyk I. O. , Abdalla A. E-S. E-S. , Kondakova H. K. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine»,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine», Mashtakova I. O. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venereology of NAMS of Ukraine»
Published: January 2022

Research of the level of some indicators of the blood coagulation system in patients with acantholytic pemphigus is extremely important for the prevention of complications. Due to laboratory studies of patients’ blood plasma and statistical analysis of the obtained results, the relationship between the severity of dermatosis and changes in the hemostasis system was considered (level of prothrombin index, fibrinogen, partial thromboplastin time, soluble fibrin-monomer complexes, factor XII). Educed reliable dependence that correlates with weight of dermatosis and development of thrombotic complications.
Experiences of intrinsic values in education for older adults: insights from a Swedish senior university
Authors: Schoultz Magnus , Öhman Johan , Quennerstedt Mikael
Published: January 2022

This study aims to acquire more knowledge about the meaning of intrinsic values in or­ganised post-work non-formal educational activities for older adults. Observations and focus group interviews were conducted at a senior university in Sweden. John Dewey’s concept of experi­ence and theory of value are used to facilitate a deeper under­standing of the in­trinsic values that were identified. The results of the study demonstrate what intrinsic values in education for older adults can be, as well as how they are experienced. Several intrinsic values were identified: (i) new insights and widened perspectives, (ii) the reflective process, (iii) enrichment, (iv) meaningfulness, (v) enjoyment, (vi) peacefulness, (vii) existential awareness, (viii) relational support and (ix) sense of community. The results further reveal how the values of education are experienced in the interactions and relations between older individuals and the social environment in the ongoing education and that the activities themselves are valued by the participants.
Tailored Bioactive Compost from Agri-Waste Improves the Growth and Yield of Chili Pepper and Tomato
Authors: Imran Asma , Sardar Fozia , Khaliq Zabish , Nawaz Muhammad Shoib , Shehzad Atif , Ahmad Muhammad , Yasmin Sumera , Hakim Sughra , Mirza Babur S. , Mubeen Fathia , Mirza Muhammad Sajjad
Published: January 2022

An extensive use of chemical fertilizers has posed a serious impact on food and environmental quality and sustainability. As the organic and biofertilizers can satisfactorily fulfill the crop’s nutritional requirement, the plants require less chemical fertilizer application; hence, the food is low in chemical residues and environment is less polluted. The agriculture crop residues, being a rich source of nutrients, can be used to feed the soil and crops after composting and is a practicable approach to sustainable waste management and organic agriculture instead of open-field burning of crop residues. This study demonstrates a feasible strategy to convert the wheat and rice plant residues into composted organic fertilizer and subsequent enrichment with plant-beneficial bacteria. The bioactive compost was then tested in a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments for validating its role in growing organic vegetables. The compost was enriched with a blend of micronutrients, such as zinc, magnesium, and iron, and a multi-trait bacterial consortium AAP (Azospirillum, Arthrobacter, and Pseudomonas spp.). The bacterial consortium AAP showed survival up to 180 days post-inoculation while maintaining their PGP traits. Field emission scanning electron microscopic analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of bioactive compost further elaborated the morphology and confirmed the PGPR survival and distribution. Plant inoculation of this bioactive compost showed significant improvement in the growth and yield of chilies and tomato without any additional chemical fertilizer yielding a high value to cost ratio. An increase of ≈35% in chlorophyll contents, ≈25% in biomass, and ≈75% in yield was observed in chilies and tomatoes. The increase in N was 18.7 and 25%, while in P contents were 18.5 and 19% in chilies and tomatoes, respectively. The application of bioactive compost significantly stimulated the bacterial population as well as the phosphatase and dehydrogenase activities of soil. These results suggest that bioactive compost can serve as a source of bioorganic fertilizer to get maximum benefits regarding vegetable yield, soil quality, and fertilizer saving with the anticipated application for other food crops. It is a possible win-win situation for environmental sustainability and food security.
Transdermal Delivery of Therapeutic Compounds With Nanotechnological Approaches in Psoriasis
Authors: Li Ning , Qin Yeping , Dai Dan , Wang Pengyu , Shi Mingfei , Gao Junwei , Yang Jinsheng , Xiao Wei , Song Ping , Xu Ruodan
Published: January 2022

Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated skin disorder involving hyperproliferation of the keratinocytes in the epidermis. As complex as its pathophysiology, the optimal treatment for psoriasis remains unsatisfactorily addressed. Though systemic administration of biological agents has made an impressive stride in moderate-to-severe psoriasis, a considerable portion of psoriatic conditions were left unresolved, mainly due to adverse effects from systemic drug administration or insufficient drug delivery across a highly packed stratum corneum via topical therapies. Along with the advances in nanotechnologies, the incorporation of nanomaterials as topical drug carriers opens an obvious prospect for the development of antipsoriatic topicals. Hence, this review aims to distinguish the benefits and weaknesses of individual nanostructures when applied as topical antipsoriatics in preclinical psoriatic models. In view of specific features of each nanostructure, we propose that a proper combination of distinctive nanomaterials according to the physicochemical properties of loaded drugs and clinical features of psoriatic patients is becoming a promising option that potentially drives the translation of nanomaterials from bench to bedside with improved transdermal drug delivery and consequently therapeutic effects.
Initial Steps to Engineer Coproheme Decarboxylase to Obtain Stereospecific Monovinyl, Monopropionyl Deuterohemes
Authors: Michlits Hanna , Valente Nina , Mlynek Georg , Hofbauer Stefan
Published: January 2022

The oxidative decarboxylation of coproheme to form heme b by coproheme decarboxylase is a stereospecific two-step reaction. In the first step, the propionate at position two (p2) is cleaved off the pyrrole ring A to form a vinyl group at this position. Subsequently, the propionate at position four (p4) on pyrrole ring B is cleaved off and heme b is formed. In this study, we attempted to engineer coproheme decarboxylase from Corynebacterium diphtheriae to alter the stereospecificity of this reaction. By introducing a tyrosine residue in proximity to the propionate at position 4, we were able to create a new radical center in the active site. However, the artificial Tyr183• radical could not be shown to catalyze any decarboxylation.