bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What’s in it for us? Boosting social inclusion through international students’ mobilities into higher institutions in the GCC
Authors: Bamidele Anthonia Eboseremen
Published: June 2024

This study investigates social inclusion as the catalyst in promoting international student mobilities across diverse countries who opt to study in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). Against this backdrop, the study highlights the importance of social inclusion as a language-learning mechanism relevant for Arabic and non-Arabic speakers within formal educational contexts. This study seeks to highlight in themes: (1) the influx of international students as the GCC positions itself as a hub for diversity and opportunities and (2) the salient factors that influence the preferences of international university students to study in the GCC. The study relies on different Higher Education Councils’ (HECs) open data to decipher the inclusiveness of international students as a win-win mechanism for social inclusion, language exchange, and possible career opportunities. The findings seem to shed light on the importance of building cooperative interculturality, inclusivity, and opportunities among diverse GCC HEIs stakeholders.
At Least a Rainbow Flag: Queer Students' Perceptions of University Responses to Queerphobic Terrorist Attack
Authors: Kocur Viktor , Čujdíková Mária , Poslon Xenia Daniela
Published: June 2024

This paper explores how queer students perceived the higher education institutions' responses to a deadly queerphobic terrorist attack which took place on October 12, 2022 in Bratislava, Slovakia. Drawing on data collected after the attack from 34 college students from Slovakia, the study employs thematic analysis to uncover key themes. Symbolic gestures, such as displaying the pride flag, were described by participants as important steps toward inclusion, but the study reveals the need for institutions to move beyond symbolism. The participants emphasize the importance of inclusive policies, training programs, counseling resources, and real systemic changes to create truly safe and inclusive spaces. The paper underscores concerns about institutional reluctance to implement such measures, despite research supporting their positive effects.
A review of Financial Education Implementation in Higher Education
Authors: Lotter Melany , Okoro Chioma
Published: June 2024

While undeniably enriching, the academic odyssey sometimes leaves a void where financial education should reside. Graduates should have optimal knowledge of financial matters to maximise their financial planning. Recognising this gap, higher education institutions have implemented financial education to bridge the gap for students before they enter the workforce. This paper reviews existing studies where higher education has implemented financial education and its outcomes, including program length, format, platform, and voluntariness. The findings reveal a diverse landscape of financial education initiatives in higher education, with varying degrees of success in achieving desired outcomes. The study will benefit higher education and policymakers considering implementing financial education. The review highlights the importance of ongoing evaluation and refinement of financial education initiatives to meet students' needs better and maximise their long-term financial well-being.
Enhancing Learning in Biomedicine through Research-based Learning: Empowering Students for Future Success
Authors: Correia Francisca P. , Pinho Patrícia Pinto , Silva Renato , Helguero Luísa , Pereira Maria Lourdes , Neves Bruno , Fardilha Margarida
Published: June 2024

Background: Research-based Learning (RBL) is globally recognized for improving scientific literacy and critical thinking. Providing authentic research experiences in undergraduate education, RBL enhances student confidence in scientific contribution, improves subject understanding and retention, and fosters the acquisition of technical and soft skills. Aim: Assess RBL's impact on Biomedical Sciences students' engagement and skills. Methods: Seventy-six 3rd-year Biomedical Sciences students completed a 5-week Research in Biomedicine course, going to the laboratory, and attending workshops on scientific writing, reference management, and poster creation. They presented their findings through written and oral presentations at a congress. Results: Survey results showed positive feedback from both the students and tutors: 100% student satisfaction, 94% reported skill development, and 88-94% of tutors noted improved motivation, teamwork, and problem-solving abilities. Conclusions: The study confirms RBL's efficacy in improving learning, critical thinking, and teamwork in biomedical education. It advocates its broader application, empowering students worldwide.
Navigating Digital University: Challenges and Opportunities for Transforming Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Ulatowska Roksana
Published: June 2024

The aim of the research is to recognise the views and experience of academics on the digital transformation of one of the Spanish university. The analysis revealed three main pillars: quality of digital education, resources and strategy. Both the opportunities and challenges faced by university in the coming years are significant and will require further changes. Universities should have appropriate strategies, resources, and skills to effectively leverage new trends and emerge as leading figures in the digital era. Otherwise, they risk falling behind. This article may be of interest to scientists and decision-makers who need to be aware of how the processes of digital transformation are perceived by the representatives of the academic community. This understanding is crucial for both of these groups in order to study and manage HEIs more efficiently.
BIM evolution of architectural teaching
Authors: Basti Antonio , Di Giuseppe Elena
Published: June 2024

The contribution refers to an experience of integrating IT (information technologies) within the single-disciplinary course of design of construction systems of the second year of the degree course in Architecture of Pescara (IT). The experimentation was conducted in order to verify the potential and limits of the use of BIM (Building Information Modeling) within the architect's training course. On the basis of the results achieved, it was possible to note various advantages brought by the use of these technologies, such as to give rise to some reflections on the scenarios of transformation of traditional teaching methods. Transformations necessary to intercept the educational potential offered by new multimedia project and communication tools, and to meet the ever-increasing demand of the construction and infrastructure european market, especially the public one, strongly oriented towards the digitalisation of processes.
Using gamification to promote financial literacy and consumer education among future generations.
Authors: Estima Ana , Peguinho Cristina
Published: June 2024

This paper presents the development and implementation of a gamification initiative aimed at promoting financial literacy and consumer education among basic and secondary school students. Designed to engage students aged between 12 and 18 years old, the game addresses key financial and consumption concepts through interactive gameplay. Originally conceived for students visiting the university, the initiative has garnered interest from both educators and parents, highlighting the growing demand for financial education. In the future, efforts will focus on refining game mechanics, improving material quality, and empowering high school teachers to independently facilitate the game in their classrooms. This inclusive approach aims to equip future generations with essential financial skills to navigate personal finance confidently. This paper also aims to share this experience with other educators interested in the topic, providing insights and guidance for replicating similar initiatives in their contexts.
Bridling, Taming and Riding the AI Beast
Authors: Despain Jennifer A.
Published: June 2024

When ChatGPT was broadly released in the fall of 2022, university faculty and administrators struggled to evaluate and predict AI's impact on higher education. They also faced the immediate need to create policies for its ethical use in academic settings, as well as devise ways to incorporate AI into daily teaching and learning. This article offers the description and results of a teacher-led student group incorporating AI into a learning experience using three distinct projects. Generally students found the use of AI, used in a thoughtfully prescribed manner, in filling knowledge gaps, as a thought partner, and in analyzing original L2 writing, as a positive tool in their learning. It is recommended that higher education instructors design learning and assessment experiences using AI to enhance the learning process.
History of Economic Sanctions: Key Research Questions (with some answers for 2022 sanctions against Russia)
Authors:   University of Belgrade Faculty of Law, Serbia, Begović Boris
Published: June 2024

The paper proposes several key questions that should be unavoidable in the research on history of economic sanctions. Four key questions are identified. The first one is what the aim of the sanctions is; what are they supposed to achieve? The second question relates to the mechanisms of sanctions. The third question is, are sanctions effective, i.e. do they produce economic impact and what is its magnitude? The fourth question is, are sanctions efficient, i.e. has the aim been achieved? All these questions are further developed into several more specific questions. Crucial methodological obstacles to answering all these questions are identified and guidelines for overcoming them are provided. The answers to the proposed key questions should be only the starting point in research on history of economic sanctions. Some preliminary answers to these questions were given for the case of February 2022 sanctions against Russia, imposed after it invaded Ukraine.
Hipernatremia extrema asociado a choque indiferenciado
Authors: Masís-Mejía Rodrigo , García-Quirós Christian , Villegas Reyes José David
Published: June 2024

El manejo y tratamiento de los trastornos hidroelectrolíticos constituyen aspectos fundamentales de la labor del internista, dado su impacto significativo en la mortalidad intrahospitalaria, especialmente en el caso de la hipernatremia. La hipernatremia extrema, se define como niveles de sodio superiores a 190 mmol/L, es una condición infrecuente pero crítica.Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 44 años, sin antecedentes médicos  onocidos, consumidor de sustancias derivadas de erythroxylum. Ingresó al servicio de emergencias con hipotensión marcada y una concentración sérica de sodio de 191 mmol/L. Tras su admisión a la unidad de medicina interna, se inició un enfoque integral de soporte y reposición hidroelectrolítica.Durante su hospitalización, se observaron signos compatibles con crisis adrenal y poliuria. Estudios del eje endocrino revelaron panhipopituitarismo y datos compatibles con diabetes insípida central. El paciente recibió tratamiento con desmopresina e hidrocortisona, resultando en la estabilización de la presión arterial y la corrección gradual de la hipernatremia. La tomografía cerebral reveló lesiones consistentes con un evento cerebrovascular, postulado como la causa subyacente del panhipopituitarismo.
La evaluación exhaustiva del eje endocrino se completó, permitiendo la implementación de reposición hormonal. El paciente fue dado de alta para seguimiento ambulatorio tras la estabilización clínica. Este reporte de caso detalla el abordaje médico inicial de la hipernatremia extrema, destacando la importancia de una evaluación diagnóstica integral en situaciones clínicas complejas.
Kırgız Destanlarıyla Cengiz Aytmatov Romanlarında Kadının Gücü ve Geleneği Koruyucu Kimliği
Authors: Dogan Zhyldyz
Published: June 2024

Türk toplumları içinde çok güçlü bir kültür yapısına ve edebi geleneğe sahip olan Kırgızlar, zaman içinde savaşlar, baskılar ve pek çok olumsuz durumlar yaşasa da bu olaylar onların milli hafızalarının oluşmasına engel olmayıp bilakis güçlendirmiştir. Yaşadıkları acı olayları sayısız edebi esere yansıtarak kuşaktan kuşağa aktaran Kırgız Türkleri, kültürel birikimlerini ve kimliklerini, asimilasyona uğratmadan bugüne kadar yaşatmayı başarmışlardır.
Kırgız Türklerinde örf, adet ve geleneklerin kesintiye uğramadan yaşamasını ve milli hafızanın canlı kalmasını sağlayan en temel unsur ise güçlü ve sağlam bir yapıya sahip olan aile kurumlarıdır. Erkeğin yanında kadına da büyük bir önem veren ve sorumluluk yükleyen Kırgız Türkleri, sosyal hayatın yanı sıra aile kurumu içerisinde kadını en üst makama oturtarak söz sahibi yapmışlardır. Sağlam bir ulus bilinci içerisinde yetişen Kırgız kadını da atalarından aldığı bu mirası ve terbiyeyi çocuklarına aktararak zor bir coğrafyada, güç koşullar altında, tarihini ve kültürünü bilen nesiller yetiştirmeyi başarabilmiştir.
Bu makalede, Kırgız destanlarıyla, Cengiz Aytmatov romanlarındaki kadın tiplerinin gücü ve geleneğe bağlılığı gibi benzer özellikler ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı, Kırgız destanlarındaki kadınlarla, modern Kırgız romanlarındaki kadınların aradan geçen yüzyıllara rağmen milli kimliklerini ve geleneklerini muhafaza ederek yozlaşmaya karşı verdikleri mücadeleyi ortaya koymaktır. Bu bağlamda makaleye konu olan destanlar, Manas Destanı, Kız Darıka Destanı, Cañıl Mırza Destanıyla; Romanlar ise Gün Olur Asra Bedel, Toprak Ana ve Cemile adlı eserlerle sınırlandırılmış ve çalışmanın kapsamı belirlenmiştir.
Karavelioğlu, Murat Ali & Çolak, Ahmet (2023). Gazânâme-İslamiyetin İlk Yıllarına Dair Muhtasar Bir Gaza Tarihi. İstanbul: DBY Yayınları. 397 s. ISBN: 978-625-6769-32-8.
Authors: Şahinkaya Şebnem Şerife
Published: June 2024

Gazâ Arapçada “cenge gitmek, savaş, cenk, cihad” anlamlarına gelmektedir. Din uğruna yapılan savaş demektir. Türk edebiyatında bu tür eserler gazânâme ya da gazavâtnâme adı altında toplanmaktadır (Levend, 1956, s. 1).
Bu çalışmada tanıtılacak olan “Gazânâme” adlı eser, Mevlana Ali Efendi Gurtî tarafından yazılmıştır. Hayatı hakkında kaynaklarda oldukça az bilgi bulunan Mevlana Ali Efendi Gurtî, 16. yüzyılda yaşamıştır. Amasya Sultan Bayezid Medresesi’nde müderris olarak görev yaptığı kendisiyle ilgili bilgiler arasındadır. Müellif, Hz. Peygamber ve ashabının gazâlarını içeren “Gazâname” adlı eserini azledildiği medrese görevine geri dönmesini sağlayan Hızır Paşa’ya teşekkür mahiyetinde, bir minnet borcu olarak kaleme almıştır (s. 55). Söz konusu eserin neşri, 2023 yılında sayın Prof. Dr. Murat Ali Karavelioğlu ve Dr. Ahmet Çolak tarafından “Gazânâme - İslamiyetin İlk Yıllarına Dair Muhtasar Bir Gaza Tarihi” adıyla DBY Yayınları arasında yayımlanarak kültür ve edebiyat tarihine kazandırılmıştır. “Gazânâme”, gazânın dinimizdeki ve örfümüzdeki yerini tespit eden ve özellikle İslam’ın ilk senelerindeki gazâlardan kesitlerin paylaşıldığı önemli bir eserdir.
Separación por exclusión salina de compuestos bioactivos de epicarpio de frutos aguacate (Persea americana Mill.) ‘Hass’ durante la maduración
Authors: Jiménez-Velázquez Perla , Valle-Guadarrama Salvador , Alia-Tejacal Iran , Salinas-Moreno Yolanda , García-Cruz Leticia
Published: June 2024

La industrialización del fruto de aguacate (Persea americana Mill.) ‘Hass’ genera residuos, como la cáscara o epicarpio, que contiene compuestos que pueden aprovecharse. El objetivo del trabajo fue separar compuestos bioactivos de epicarpio de frutos de aguacate ‘Hass’ a lo largo de la maduración mediante procedimientos de exclusión salina o extracción acuosa en dos fases (ATPE). Se utilizó un sistema ATPE con una mezcla de citrato trisódico (Na3C3H5O(COO)3) y polietilenglicol 4000 (Peg4000) en concentración de 24.94 y 14.53 %, respectivamente, con la cual se demostró que es factible recuperar el 85.3 % de fenoles solubles presentes en el epicarpio del fruto. La separación de compuestos bioactivos aumentó conforme avanzó la maduración y las mayores cantidades de fenoles solubles totales, flavonoides, antocianinas y taninos condensables coincidieron con la madurez de consumo, con valores de 1866.5, 717.6, 64.0 y 1635.1 μg mL‑1, respectivamente, en la fase extractora. El método de ATPE puede ser una estrategia para aprovechar el epicarpio del aguacate ‘Hass’.
Cannabidiol (Epidiolex)
Authors: CADTH
Published: June 2024

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.
The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.
This review assesses cannabidiol (Epidiolex), 100 mg/mL, oral solution
Indication : Use as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, Dravet syndrome, or tuberous sclerosis complex in patients 2 years of age and older.
O PERFIL FARMACOLÓGICO DE PACIENTES COM ARTRITE REUMATOIDE NO CONSÓRCIO INTERMUNICIPAL DE SAÚDE DO OESTE DO PARANÁ (CISOP)
Authors: Motta Leonardo Abreu , Guerra Vinicius Andre , Uchida Iurik Kooiti , Barboza Jailson Junior Martini , Meine Lucas
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho visa melhor compreender o perfil farmacológico que acompanha pacientes com artrite reumatoide (AR). Temos diversas classes de medicamentos que podem ser utilizados no tratamento da AR, incluindo agentes modificadores do curso da doença (DMARDs) convencionais, como metotrexato e sulfassalazina, e agentes biológicos, como inibidores do fator de necrose tumoral (TNF) e da interleucina-6 (IL-6). Os DMARDs são frequentemente prescritos como tratamento de primeira linha, enquanto os agentes biológicos são reservados para casos mais graves. A compreensão do perfil farmacológico desses medicamentos é fundamental para auxiliar os clínicos na escolha adequada da terapia, visando ao controle da inflamação e melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes com AR.
Characterisation of low-base and mid-base clouds and their thermodynamic phase over the Southern Ocean and Arctic marine regions
Authors: Dietel Barbara , Sourdeval Odran , Hoose Corinna
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The thermodynamic phase of clouds in low and middle levels over the Southern Ocean and the Arctic marine regions is poorly known, leading to uncertainties in the radiation budget in weather and climate models. To improve the knowledge of the cloud phase, we analyse 2 years of the raDAR-liDAR (DARDAR) dataset based on active satellite instruments. We classify clouds according to their base and top height and focus on low-, mid-, and mid- to low-level clouds as they are the most frequent in the mixed-phase temperature regime. Low-level single-layer clouds occur in 8 %–15 % of all profiles, but single-layer clouds spanning the mid-level also amount to approx. 15 %. Liquid clouds show mainly a smaller vertical extent but a horizontally larger extent compared to ice clouds. The results show the highest liquid fractions for low-level and mid-level clouds. Two local minima in the liquid fraction are observed around cloud top temperatures of −15 and −5 °C. Mid-level and mid- to low-level clouds over the Southern Ocean and low-level clouds in both polar regions show higher liquid fractions if they occur over sea ice compared to the open ocean. Low-level clouds and mid- to low-level clouds with high sea salt concentrations, used as a proxy for sea spray, show reduced liquid fractions. In mid-level clouds, dust shows the largest correlations with liquid fraction, with a lower liquid fraction for a higher dust aerosol concentration. Low-level clouds clearly show the largest contribution to the shortwave cloud radiative effect in both polar regions, followed by mid- to low-level clouds.
Conceptualising surface water–groundwater exchange in braided river systems
Authors: Wilson Scott R. , Hoyle Jo , Measures Richard , Di Ciacca Antoine , Morgan Leanne K. , Banks Eddie W. , Robb Linda , Wöhling Thomas
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Braided rivers can provide substantial recharge to regional aquifers, with flow exchange between surface water and groundwater occurring at a range of spatial and temporal scales. However, the difficulty in measuring and modelling these complex and dynamic river systems has hampered process understanding and the upscaling necessary to quantify these fluxes. This is due to an incomplete understanding of the hydrogeological structures that control river–groundwater exchange. In this paper, we present a new conceptualisation of subsurface processes in braided rivers based on observations of the main losing reaches of three braided rivers in Aotearoa / New Zealand. The conceptual model is based on a range of data, including lidar, bathymetry, coring, particle size distribution, groundwater level and temperature monitoring, radon-222, electrical-resistivity tomography and fibre-optic cables. The combined results indicate that sediments within the recently active river braidplain are distinctive, with sediments that are poorly consolidated and better sorted compared with adjacent deposits from the historical braidplain that become successively consolidated and intermixed with flood silt deposits due to overbank flow. A distinct sedimentary unconformity, combined with the presence of geomorphologically distinct lateral boundaries, suggests that a “braidplain aquifer” forms within the active river braidplain through the process of sediment mobilisation during flood events. This braidplain aquifer concept introduces a shallow storage reservoir to the river system, which is distinct from the regional aquifer system, and mediates the exchange of flow between individual river channels and the regional aquifer. The implication of the new concept is that surface water–groundwater exchange occurs at two spatial scales: the first is hyporheic and parafluvial exchange between the river and braidplain aquifer; the second is exchange between the braidplain aquifer and regional aquifer system. Exchange at both scales is influenced by the state of hydraulic connection between the respective water bodies. This conceptualisation acknowledges braided rivers as whole “river systems”, consisting of channels and a gravel aquifer reservoir. This work has important implications for understanding how changes in river management (e.g. surface water extraction, bank training and gravel extraction) and morphology may impact groundwater recharge (and potentially flow, temperature attenuation and ecological resilience) under dry conditions.
A Landmark Selection Method for Object-Based Visual Outdoor Localization Approaches of Automated Ground Vehicles
Authors: Frank Florian , Buckel Peter , Hoegner Ludwig , Hofstedt Petra
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Autonomous vehicles must navigate independently in an outdoor environment using features or objects. However, some objects may be more or less suitable for localization due to their attributes. Therefore, this work investigates the suitability of landmarks for camera- and object-based outdoor localization methods. First, object attributes are methodically derived from the requirements of object-based localization. The physical representation on the camera image plane, probability of occurrence, and persistence were identified as influencing the object localization suitability. The influence of the object’s camera image plane representation regarding object recognition algorithms is not considered or discussed, but advice on the minimum object pixel size is provided. The first milestone was the creation of an equation for object localization suitability calculation by normalizing and multiplying the identified attributes. Simultaneously, potential objects from the outdoor environment were identified, resulting in a structured object catalog. The results of the equation and catalog are a ranked according to the object localization suitability in a comparison table. Our comparison demonstrates that objects such as buildings or trees are more suitable than street lane markings for self-localization. However, most current datasets do not include the proposed instantiated objects. The paper addresses this issue, assists in the object selection for outdoor localization methods and provides input for the creation of future-oriented datasets and autonomous driving maps.
3D Generalisation of Building Components – An Initial Proof of Concept
Authors: Muñumer Herrero Estibaliz , Ellul Claire , Cavazzi Stefano
Published: June 2024

Abstract. A varied range of applications make use of 3D models nowadays, for instance in urban planning, energy demand studies, solar irradiation, or noise estimation. Acquisition, maintenance, and production of 3D spatial data is costly and laborious, especially at a national level, a great challenge for National Mapping and Cadastral Agencies (NMCAs) – such as Ordnance Survey (OS) for Great Britain. Generalisation is designed to address this challenge, where new datasets are created from a single source by the selection of the desired information and reduction of the amount of detail and data volume. Extensive literature exists in the context of 2D generalisation and automated algorithms exist to remove unwanted detail, however, adding a third dimension complicates the process significantly. Here, a methodology to address this issue is proposed, where the façades of a 3D building are decomposed, rotated, and translated from 3D environment to 2D. Existing automated 2D generalisation operators are applied to building elements and once generalised, they are rotated back to 3D. The outer shell of the resulting generalised 3D building is reconstructed with the independently generalised façade. The results demonstrate a potential flexible, component-based method for 3D generalisation, that could benefit NMCAs.
Data Processing and Enrichment of LiDAR-Derived Traffic Data
Authors: Peykova Ana , Petrova-Antonova Dessislava , Karamitov Kaloyan
Published: June 2024

Abstract. With the escalating demand for efficient traffic management and the increasing complexity of traffic control, diverse sensor technologies have been implemented to measure traffic in real-time. The road-side LiDAR emerges as a novel technology addressing the data gap in multimodal traffic analyses. LiDAR sensing return time to precisely capture distance and reflectivity, generating point cloud data encompassing all traffic trajectory information. It overcomes challenges posed by illumination conditions like light, dust and fog, which often affect camera sensor performance. In addition, LiDAR sensing minimises the effect of changing object position and angles, simplifying object detection and recognition.This paper tackles the challenges of analysing LiDAR-derived traffic data by proposing a method for traffic trajectory data enrichment. The methodology followed includes creating a semantic map, bridging the physical space and raw data, transforming from a local to a standard Coordinate Reference System (CRS) and enriching data trajectory representation. Three use cases are presented based on the dataset obtained after enrichment: object classification, permissible directions violation detection, and traffic flow density. The proposed method is validated using traffic data from a LiDAR system of 6 sensors located in one of the busiest intersections in Sofia, Bulgaria. The raw sensor data is processed by a fusion box called the Augmented LiDAR Box, delivering time series frames with labelled moving objects in .osef format. The results prove that the proposed data enrichment method successfully transforms the trajectories into semantic sequences, opening up new avenues for trajectory analysis and intersection traffic micro-modelling.
The risk of synoptic-scale Arctic cyclones to shipping
Authors: Vessey Alexander Frank , Hodges Kevin I. , Shaffrey Len C. , Day Jonathan J.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The risk posed by Arctic cyclones to ships has seldom been quantified due to the lack of publicly available historical Arctic ship track data. This study investigates Arctic ship tracks derived from automatic identification system (AIS) transponders from September 2009 to December 2016. These are analysed with historical synoptic-scale cyclone tracks derived from ERA-5 reanalysis data and reports of past Arctic shipping incidents. We determine the number of ship tracks that intersected with intense Arctic cyclones tracks and how many of these intersections resulted in a reported shipping incident. The number of ships operating in the Arctic has increased year-on-year from 2010 to 2016. The highest density of ships occurs year-round in the Barents Sea. Trans-Arctic shipping transits via the Northern Sea Route and the Northwest Passage are limited to summer and autumn months, when sea ice extent has retreated sufficiently from the coastlines. Ship track density along these trans-Arctic routes is far less than the thousands of ships travelling in the Barents Sea year-round. Between 2010 and 2016, 158 Arctic shipping incidents were reported, but only 6 % of these reported incidents occurred following the passage of an intense Arctic cyclone. Arctic cyclones with significant wave heights greater than 6 m are found to frequently intersect ships, but only 0.1 % of these intersections resulted in a reported shipping incident. Results from this study indicate that ships are frequently impacted by Arctic cyclones, but cyclones were not a dominant cause of reported Arctic shipping incidents between 2010 and 2016. This suggests that ships are resilient to the rough sea conditions that past Arctic cyclones have caused, therefore mitigating and reducing risk.
ARI ÜRÜNLERİNDE HELALLİK KRİTERLERİ
Authors: Boran Mustafa
Published: June 2024

Bir Müslümanın yediği, içtiği gıdaların helal olması gerekmektedir. İnsanların asırlardan beri tükettiği gıdalardan birisi de en başta bal olan arı ürünleridir. Balda şifa olduğu, ayet-i kerime ve hadis-i şeriflerde haber verilmektedir. Bir üründe naslarda şifa olduğunun bildirilmesi, delalet yoluyla onun helal olduğunu gösterir. Balın helalliğinin kıyasa aykırı olarak nas sebebiyle, istihsan yoluyla olduğu söylenebilir. Çünkü kıyasa göre eti helal olan hayvanların, sütü ve yumurtası da helaldir. Eti helal olmayan hayvanların ürünleri de helal değildir. Arı, haşarattan olup kendisi helal olmadığı halde ürünü helal hatta şifalı sayılmıştır. Baldan öşür verilmesinin gerekli olması da helalliğine delil sayılır. Arıların bal yapması için hazır petek konulduğunda petek için kullanılan malzemelerin de helal ve sağlıklı ürünlerden olması icap etmektedir. Arı ürünlerinden balın yanı sıra polen, arı ekmeği, arı sütü, propolis gibi diğer ürünlerin de helal olduğu ifade edilebilir. Ancak propolis, yakın zamana kadar alkol ile muamele edilmesi sebebiyle helallik açısından problemli görülüyordu. Günümüzde ise propolis, hiç alkol kullanılmadan da çözündürülebilmektedir. Bu nedenle tamamen alkolsüz çözülen propolisin kullanılmasında helallik açısından mahzur olmadığı anlaşılmaktadır. Deli bal gibi bazı balların tüketilmesinden zehirlenme kaynaklı olarak baş dönmesi, şuur bulanıklığı ve bilinç kaybı gibi haller meydana gelebilir. Baldan meydana gelen şuur kaybı, helal yoldan meydana gelmiş olup hükümleri, haram yoldan hasıl olan sarhoşluktan farklı görülmüştür. Arı larvalarının kendisinden elde edilen apilarnilin ise normal olarak kullanılmasının caiz olmayacağı ancak zaruret halinde tedavi maksatlı doktorların kararı ile kullanılabileceği söylenebilir. Arı zehri ile tedavinin de aynı durumda olduğu görülmektedir. Arı ürünlerinin özellikle de balın, hileye müsait olduğu ve çokça hile yapıldığı da tahlillerde ortaya çıkmaktadır. Hileli ürünleri alan kimse bunu öğrendiğinde kusur muhayyerliği sebebiyle geriye verme hakkına sahip olur. Hileli ürünün içerisinde haram madde olmadığı ve sağlığa zararı bulunmadığı sürece bu ürünü tüketmek haram sayılmaz. Ancak hileli ürün satan kimse, kazancına haram karıştırmış olur. Ayrıca, karışım halindeki arı ürünlerinde kullanılan maddelerin helal olması, haram ve şüpheli bileşenlerin burada kullanılmaması icap eder. Bu çalışmada, arı ürünleri ve helallik kriterleri hakkında mevcut literatüre dayalı bazı bilgiler verilmiş ve genel manada, konuya ilişkin fıkhi değerlendirmelerde bulunulmuştur.
Geophysical survey of the Khachovi gold-polymetallic ore occurrence (Adjara-Trialeti folded zone, Georgia)
Authors: Bluashvili Davit , Benashvili Keti , Mindiashvili Giorgi , Makadze Mirian
Published: June 2024

This article presents the findings of a geophysical survey conducted on the Khachkovi gold-polymetallic occurrence in Georgia. The study aimed to evaluate the geological prospects through comprehensive investigations. Three methods – electrometry, magnetometry, and gamma spectrometry – were employed in the survey, covering approximately 3.5 square kilometres. Analysis of the survey data revealed high magnetic field anomalies and variations in the gravity field, indicating gabbro-diorite intrusive bodies at depth. The Khachkovi occurrence was structurally associated with faults, fractured zones, and hydrothermally altered zones. Electrically conductive minerals within the hydrothermally altered zones were confirmed through induced polarization values and anomalous potassium content. The study area exhibited low potassium, thorium, and uranium levels, potentially due to Quaternary sediments and weak alterations. Hydrothermally altered sulfide mineral-containing zones were primarily linked to fault zones, intrusive bodies, and brecciated zones. The surface hydrothermally altered zone consisted mainly of pyrite-bearing rocks. The geophysical survey provided valuable insights into the geological characteristics and prospects of the Khachkovi gold-polymetallic occurrence, offering guidance for further exploration activities. These findings contribute to understanding the mineralization potential and future mining efforts.
NATURAL HEALTH-IMPROVING POTENTIAL AND PATHOGENIC RISKS OF CLIMATE AND URBANIZATION OF CAUCASIAN MINERAL WATERS RESORTS
Authors:   Pyatigorsk Research Institute of Balneology, Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Medical Rehabilitation and Balneology, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, POVOLOTSKAYA N.P. , SLEPYKH V.V. ,   Pyatigorsk Research Institute of Balneology, Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Medical Rehabilitation and Balneology, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, REPS V.F. ,   Pyatigorsk Research Institute of Balneology, Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Medical Rehabilitation and Balneology, Federal Medical and Biological Agency,   Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, SENIK I.A. ,   islovodsk High-mountain Scientific Station, Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2024

Based on the archival integrated data of bioclimatic, forest, environmental, and medical-health resort monitoring and the authors’ balneology methods for studying natural medical resources, a modern assessment of the health-improving potential of the climate, recreational and environmental factors of the Caucasian Mineral Waters resorts is presented. Pathogenic risks of the climate and urbanization, prospects for the rational use of climatic and landscape therapeutic factors in rehabilitation medicine and resort practice are considered. In order to increase the efficiency of using the mountain landscape and climate in the resort practice of the Caucasian Mineral Waters, the following activities are relevant: the modernization of monitoring the surface air aerosol and gas pollution and solar radiation conditions, the improvement of the model for assessing a therapeutic climate in relation to the objectives of resort treatment, the development of methods for regulating a microclimate based on structuring the environmental potential of woody vegetation on the territory of the facilities and urban infrastructure of resorts.
WIND SPEED TREND EFFECTS ON THE LENGTH OF THE THERMAL COMFORT PERIOD IN EUROPEAN RUSSIA IN RECENT DECADES
Authors:   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, GINZBURG A.S. , BELOVA I.N. ,   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, DOKUKIN S.A. ,   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, FALALEEVA V.A. ,   Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2024

The combination of the parameters of temperature, humidity, and wind conditions of surface air, solar radiation fluxes, human metabolism under various modes of physical exertion and clothing properties characterize the thermal comfort. Under conditions of global warming, the climate characteristics that affect the quality of life, health, and well-being of people, in particular, the length of thermal comfort periods, are changing. Bioclimatic indices that determine the thermal comfort conditions depend not only on temperature changes, but also on humidity and wind speed trends. When comparing the results of the calculations of the thermal comfort period length with the use of air temperature observations and major bioclimatic indices, the authors have revealed a significant difference in the effect of changes in average wind speed on the length of the thermal comfort period in different regions of European Russia.
WEATHER DEPENDENCE: A MYTH OR REALITY (A CASE STUDY FOR ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION)
Authors:   Chazov National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, SMIRNOVA M.D. , AGEEV F.T. ,   Chazov National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

The paper examines the relationship of meteorological factors with the development of cardiovascular complications. Statistically significant seasonal fluctuations in the level and variability of blood pressure, heart rate, cholesterol, glucose, and body mass have been revealed. The variability of blood pressure is maximal in winter and minimal in summer. It is known that heat and cold waves are associated with an increase in mortality and cardiovascular complications, including hypertensive crises. Their frequency depends on the level of cardiovascular risk of a patient and is maximal in people with coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes. The influence of such poorly predictable factors as temperature waves and magnetic storms has been less studied. It seems promising to examine the relationship of the variability of blood pressure and complications of arterial hypertension with meteorological factors using the method for remote blood pressure monitoring, which is currently actively implemented in the regions of the Russian Federation.
VARIABLE EFFECTS OF WEATHER AND CLIMATE ON LIFE EXPECTANCY AND AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY DUE TO CIRCULATORY DISEASES IN THE REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Russian Academy of Education, ONISHCHENKO G.G. , ZAITSEVA N.V. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, KLEIN S.V. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, GLUKHIKH M.V. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, KIR'YANOV D.A. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, KAMALTDINOV M.R. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
Published: June 2024

Different regions and population groups are disproportionately affected by current climate changes. Their effects lead to the disadaptation of physiological reactions and increasing prevalence of some weather-dependent diseases. The objective of the present study is discovering the effects of observed changes in weather and climatic factors over the period 2010-2019 on the age-specific indicators of mortality from circulatory diseases and population life expectancy, as well as model prediction of factorial effects against the background of differentiation of the sanitary-epidemiologic and socioeconomic state of Russian regions. As the initial information, the authors used the official statistical data on the regions of the Russian Federation over the period 2010-2019 for 206 parameters of the habitat and lifestyle, including eight weather and climatic factors (monthly mean air temperatures, total precipitation for January and July, and deviations from normal for these parameters). The causal relationships between the habitat factors and age-specific mortality rates were investigated using 18 artificial neural networks (R2 < 0.75). The differentiated effects of the analyzed factors on life expectancy were identified, with maximum effects on the older population. The results of the studies should be taken into account in developing regional and federal programs on improving medical and demographic conditions and providing sanitary-epidemiologic, social, and economic wellbeing.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TIME SERIES OF BIOCLIMATIC INDICES IN THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC BASED ON A STOCHASTIC WEATHER GENERATOR
Authors:   Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, AKENT'EVA M.S. , KARGAPOLOVA N.A. ,   Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Novosibirsk State University
Published: June 2024

The paper proposes an approach to the numerical stochastic modeling of the time series of the wind chill index and equivalent effective temperature at weather stations located in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The approach is based on the use of a specially designed stochastic weather generator. It is shown that the approach allows developing the models of the time series of bioclimatic indices that very accurately reproduce various statistical properties of real processes related, in particular, to their daily variations and specific features of the study area.
FORMATION OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE WATER IN NORTHERN BAIKAL IN THE ZONE OF MIXING WITH THE WATER OF TRIBUTARIES
Authors:   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, TOMBERG I.V. , SOROKOVIKOVA L.M. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, SINYUKOVICH V.N. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, BESSUDOVA A.YU. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2024

The results of studying the chemical composition of water in Northern Baikal and in the rivers flowing into it are analyzed. It is shown that the influence of river water on forming the chemical composition of water in this part of the lake is observed at the distance of 1-3 km from the cofferdam separating the Upper Angara delta from Lake Baikal. In spring and early summer, the expansion of river water in the lake is constrained by a thermal bar. In summer, a biological barrier is formed in the mixing zone, where the minimum biogenic element concentrations of and maximum phytoplankton concentrations are registered. The increased concentrations of phosphorus have been revealed in the shallow area in winter, which points to the contamination of bottom sediments and secondary pollution of water. The increased content of phosphorus in the water may be a sign of the eutrophication of Northern Baikal.
USING NEURAL NETWORK METHODS FOR PEAK WATER LEVEL PREDICTION: A CASE STUDY FOR THE DVINA-PECHORA BASIN RIVERS
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, SUMACHEV A. E. , BANSHCHIKOVA L. S. ,   State Hydrological Institute, GRIGA S. A. ,   Saint Petersburg State University
Published: June 2024

The paper examines the implementation of neural network methods for predicting peak water levels during the period of spring ice drift by the example of the Sukhona, Northern Dvina, and Pechora rivers. All considered neural network methods have shown high efficiency according to the criteria recommended by the Hydrometcenter of Russia and surpassed regression dependencies in the skill of forecasts. When using the method of training artificial neural networks, the standard error of prediction is reduced by approximately 10-20% as compared with regression dependencies.
USING MACHINE LEARNING METHODS TO DEVELOP AN ALGORITHM FOR RECOGNIZING A RISK OF WATERSPOUT OCCURRENCE OFF THE BLACK SEA COAST OF RUSSIA
Authors:   Taifun Research and Production Association, KALMYKOVA O. V.
Published: June 2024

Every year about 50 waterspouts occur over the sea off the Black Sea coast of Russia. Over the past few years, the cases of waterspouts have occurred in the immediate vicinity of the coast with their subsequent destruction. The vortex destruction is often accompanied by short-term wind strengthening up to storm levels. The present study solves the problem of nowcasting the Black Sea waterspouts (building a detailed forecast of their formation for the next 2-6 hours) using machine learning methods. Learning by precedents is considered based on the labeled dataset of the radar characteristics of convective systems with and without waterspouts, models for classifying systems in terms of the risk of waterspout occurrence are constructed. The testing of the models showed that it is fundamentally possible to use them to diagnose systems with already formed waterspouts, as well as to identify the risk of waterspouts in advance (within two hours).
Intravesical Instillation of Hyaluronic Acid With Epidermal Growth Factor for Restoring Urothelial Denudation and Alleviating Oxidative Stress in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Interstitial Cystitis of Rats
Authors: Lin Chih-Chieh , Yang Jenn-Ming , Hsu Tzu-Hsiang , Lee Hua-Lin
Published: June 2024

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of an intravesical instillation of hyaluronic acid (HA) combined with epidermal growth factor (EGF) for the treatment of interstitial cystitis (IC) using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced IC animal model.Methods: A total of 24 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to 4 groups: sham control, IC, HA, and treatment (HA/ EGF) groups. A polyethylene-50 tube was placed inside the bladder of each animal. IC was induced by twice-weekly instillations of LPS for 3 weeks, which resulted in chronic injury of the urothelium. Animals in the sham control group only received saline instillation. Treatment solutions of HA and HA/EGF were given on days 0, 7, and 14 after IC induction (400 μL of HA in a concentration of 0.4 mg/0.5 mL and 400 μL of NewEpi, a commercialized HA/EGF mixture containing 2 μg of EGF and 0.4 mg of sodium hyaluronate). Animals were sacrificed on day 21 for further examinations.Results: The HA/EGF group showed visible improvement in hematuria with a significant reduction of red blood cells in the urine compared to the HA group. Histological examination revealed that HA/EGF treatment reversed the abnormalities developed in IC, including infiltration of inflammatory cells, irregular re-epithelialization, and fibrotic tissue. Moreover, HA/ EGF significantly reduced the levels of proinflammation cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin [IL]-6, and IL-1β) and substantially lowered the elevated oxidative stress biomarker malondialdehyde, yet restored the levels of antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, with superior results than HA treatment. Cystometry studies indicated that HA/EGF significantly prolonged intercontraction interval and increased micturition volume.Conclusions: HA/EGF has been demonstrated as a more effective treatment for enhancing the urothelium lining and reducing inflammatory changes to alleviate clinical symptoms associated with IC in rats, compared to HA alone.