bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From integrative genomics to systems genetics in the rat to link genotypes to phenotypes
Authors: Moreno-Moral Aida , Petretto Enrico
Published: October 2016

Complementary to traditional gene mapping approaches used to identify the hereditary components of complex diseases, integrative genomics and systems genetics have emerged as powerful strategies to decipher the key genetic drivers of molecular pathways that underlie disease. Broadly speaking, integrative genomics aims to link cellular-level traits (such as mRNA expression) to the genome to identify their genetic determinants. With the characterization of several cellular-level traits within the same system, the integrative genomics approach evolved into a more comprehensive study design, called systems genetics, which aims to unravel the complex biological networks and pathways involved in disease, and in turn map their genetic control points. The first fully integrated systems genetics study was carried out in rats, and the results, which revealed conserved trans-acting genetic regulation of a pro-inflammatory network relevant to type 1 diabetes, were translated to humans. Many studies using different organisms subsequently stemmed from this example. The aim of this Review is to describe the most recent advances in the fields of integrative genomics and systems genetics applied in the rat, with a focus on studies of complex diseases ranging from inflammatory to cardiometabolic disorders. We aim to provide the genetics community with a comprehensive insight into how the systems genetics approach came to life, starting from the first integrative genomics strategies [such as expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) mapping] and concluding with the most sophisticated gene network-based analyses in multiple systems and disease states. Although not limited to studies that have been directly translated to humans, we will focus particularly on the successful investigations in the rat that have led to primary discoveries of genes and pathways relevant to human disease.
CELL5M: A geospatial database of agricultural indicators for Africa South of the Sahara
Authors: Koo Jawoo , Cox Cindy M. , Bacou Melanie , Azzarri Carlo , Guo Zhe , Wood-Sichra Ulrike , Gong Queenie , You Liangzhi
Published: October 2016

Recent progress in large-scale georeferenced data collection is widening opportunities for combining multi-disciplinary datasets from biophysical to socioeconomic domains, advancing our analytical and modeling capacity. Granular spatial datasets provide critical information necessary for decision makers to identify target areas, assess baseline conditions, prioritize investment options, set goals and targets and monitor impacts. However, key challenges in reconciling data across themes, scales and borders restrict our capacity to produce global and regional maps and time series. This paper provides overview, structure and coverage of CELL5M—an open-access database of geospatial indicators at 5 arc-minute grid resolution—and introduces a range of analytical applications and case-uses. CELL5M covers a wide set of agriculture-relevant domains for all countries in Africa South of the Sahara and supports our understanding of multi-dimensional spatial variability inherent in farming landscapes throughout the region.
Fifty years of Parkinson's disease: one step forwards, two steps back?
Authors: Lewis Simon JG
Published: October 2016

The first issue of the British Journal of Hospital Medicine was published in October 1966 and included a symposium covering the neuropathology and treatment of Parkinson's disease. Could things have really changed that much in just 50 brief years?
Tumour-inducing viruses
Authors: Weiss RA
Published: October 2016

Virus infections are an important factor in the global burden of human cancer. The discovery and mode of action of human tumour viruses is briefly reviewed together with the promise of prevention through vaccination.
Psychiatry 50 years ago
Authors: Lipsedge Maurice , Watson Jim P
Published: October 2016

The 1960s was a period of reform and innovation in the provision of care for people with mental health problems. The most important development was the move away from residential institutions and the development of community services based on district general hospitals.
Staff wellbeing
Authors: Knightsmith Pooky
Published: October 2016

Our regular mental health expert Dr Pooky Knightsmith turns her attention from pupils to staff and offers some simple steps to promoting staff wellbeing
‘You’ve got to keep looking, looking, looking’: Craft thinking and authenticity
Authors: Kettley Sarah
Published: October 2016

This article outlines the foundations of an enquiry into the relationship between craft and authenticity. It provides a description of how authenticity is evolving as a philosophical concept, and what this might mean for claiming an authentic contemporary practice. It then illustrates an inconsistency in schematic analyses of craft and design thinking, which may be a barrier to the appraisal of craft as a form of ‘authentic’ cognition. The author’s personal evolution of visual conceptualizations of craft thinking is revealed through an enquiry into a decade of a digital craft practice reflexively differentiated from Human–Computer Interaction, Interaction Design and Product Design. A novel framework is proposed for situating authenticity in craft in line with relational philosophy, comprising individual, social and ecological forms of practice, and the framework is applied to a recent multidisciplinary digital craft project. Further research into craft thinking using schematics is recommended.
Publication Reviews
Authors: Woolley Martin , Bloodworth Jo
Published: October 2016

The Practice of Misuse – Rugged Consumerism in Contemporary American Culture, Raymond Malewitz (2014) California: Stanford University Press, 240 pp., ISBN: 9780804792998, h/bk, $55

The Art of Cutting, Jean-Charles Trebbi (ed.) (2015) Barcelona, Spain: Promopress, 160 pp., ISBN-13: 9788415967156, h/bk, £24.95
Mao goes pop online: Game art worlds in China
Authors: Jim Alice Ming Wai
Published: October 2016

Among the most significant examples of new media art in China to first receive critical attention are those that tend towards re-engineering early video games while riffing off on aspects of the 1990s’ ‘political pop’ movement. Are these works the product of, or interventions into, the current parameters established for Chinese media, political censorship and game worlds? How might they reflect the fault lines of the growing interest in networked cultures and participatory media in contemporary art and in general? Through personal vignettes and playful moments, this article argues that one of the politico-cultural implications of the Mao Goes Pop art movement going digital concerns the link between digital art’s ‘precarious playbour’, the rise of gaming in Asia, and emergent techno-Orientalist discourses about media art and technologies in China. Since the 1990s, game art by Feng Mengbo (b. 1966) and other artists is introspective of not only the transnational art world but of global media convergence as well.
Space Matters: The Industrial Loft, Participatory Politics, and the Paula Cooper Gallery, circa 1968
Authors: Kelly Patricia
Published: October 2016

Opening in SoHo in 1968, the Paula Cooper Gallery defied conventional expectations. Situated in a renovated industrial loft, at the time a new typology of exhibition space, the gallery was from its inception more than just a site for the large-scale minimalist production that Cooper championed. It also housed a range of experimental, ephemeral activities, including poetry readings, dance and musical performances, and community-based events. Extending some of the practices that Cooper honed during her tenure as director of Park Place, the Paula Cooper Gallery broadened the definition of a commercial art gallery. In its early years, it served as a precursor to alternative art venues of the early 1970s, providing a contextual framing for the work on view, and initiating a participatory and dynamic art space.
Defrosting the Icebox: A Contextual Analysis of Andy Warhol’s Raid the Icebox 1
Authors: Musteata Natalie
Published: October 2016

This article provides a contextual analysis of Andy Warhol’s landmark exhibition Raid the Icebox 1 (1969) at the Museum of Art, Rhode Island School of Design. Unconventional in both content and installation, it is one of the earliest exhibitions organized by an artist from a museum’s permanent collection. Unlike previous studies, which analyse the exhibition through Warhol’s biography or artistic practice, this article focuses on the institution and the artist-curator. While the museum sought to render its historical treasures relevant to a younger generation, I argue that Warhol enacted a form of institutional critique that undermined hierarchies of display, value and authority.
Curatorial ‘Translations’: The Case of Marcel Duchamp’s Green Box
Authors: Stainforth Elizabeth , Thompson Glyn
Published: October 2016

In curatorial studies, translation is a trope that is beginning to define a mode of praxis, through which the mediating role of the curator has developed into a methodology that entails principles of categorization, montage, displacement and assembly. The artist Marcel Duchamp is famous for the popularization of such techniques in the modern and contemporary art context. Furthermore, the theme of translation informs interpretations of his art in differing and unexpected ways, as well as influencing its reception by English-speaking audiences. This article negotiates the tension between artist and curator and explores the concept of curatorial translation in three exhibitions of Duchamp’s work. The Green Box (1934) – and its contentious presentation as a verbal exposition of the seminal piece, the Large Glass (1915–23) – is the key work through which this concept of translation will be examined.
Exhibition Reviews
Authors: Alisauskas Alexandra , Snowball Alison , German Emma , Doherty Shauna Jean
Published: October 2016

LEAP BEFORE YOU LOOK: BLACK MOUNTAIN COLLEGE 1933–1957 Curated by Helen Molesworth and Ruth Erickson, organized by the Institute of Contemporary Art/Boston, Boston, 10 October 2015 – 24 January 2016. Travelling to Hammer Museum, University of California, Los Angeles, 21 February – 14 May 2016, and Wexner Center for the Arts, Ohio State University, Columbus, 17 September 2016 – 1 January 2017.

HIPPIE MODERNISM: THE STRUGGLE FOR UTOPIA Curated by Andrew Blauvelt, organized by the Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, 24 October 2015 – 28 February 2016. Travelling to Cranbrook Art Museum, Bloomfield Hills, 19 June – 9 October 2016, and University of California, Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive, Berkeley, 8 February – 21 May 2017.

JESS DOBKIN, AN ARTIST-RUN NEWSSTAND Chester Subway Station, Toronto, 8 May 2015 – 28 April 2016

ELMGREEN & DRAGSET PRADA MARFA Curated by Ben Mills and Jess Carroll, Richmond-Adelaide Centre, Toronto, Scotiabank CONTACT Photography Festival, 1–31 May 2016

LIVELY OBJECTS: ENCHANTMENT AND DISRUPTION AT THE MUSEUM OF VANCOUVER Curated by Caroline Seck Langill and Lizzie Muller, Museum of Vancouver, 16 August – 12 October 2015
Film Review
Authors: Peters Lauren Downing
Published: October 2016

ANDREW ROSSI, THE FIRST MONDAY IN MAY Distributed by Magnolia Pictures, New York, 2016
Colina do Horto Observando e Aprendendo com o Meio Ambiente
Authors: Costa Francisca Ilka Oliveira Bezerra da , Beserra Theóphilo Michel Álvares Cabral
Published: October 2016

O presente estudo constituiu-se numa revisão bibliográfica enfocando a Colina do Horto do Geopark Araripe, objetivando discutir aspectos históricos, humanos, sociais, econômicos, políticos e geológicos. Traça caminhos que conduzem o leitor à compreensão da importância deste Geossítio para o desenvolvimento de Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará. Deve-se afirmar que, através das observações e pesquisas realizadas sobre o tema, constatou-se que o mesmo continua contribuindo para o crescimento da cidade, respeitando e zelando pelo meio ambiente.
A Criança e o Ambiente Social: Aspectos Intervenientes no Processo de Desenvolvimento na Primeira Infância
Authors: Teixeira Alcylanna Nunes , Lôbo Karla Rossana Gomes , Duarte Ana Teresa Camilo
Published: October 2016

O presente estudo abordou questões sobre o ambiente social da criança na Primeira Infância e respectivas influências para o desenvolvimento. Quando em contato com o ambiente social a criança vivencia experiências únicas e desafiadoras, que exigem resposta de interação e ajustamento ao meio, geralmente manifestada por comportamentos motivados diante de estímulos sensorialmente captados e interpretados na relação da criança no seu ambiente social. O objetivo foi explorar os aspectos sociais as quais a criança é exposta na Primeira Infância. Para tanto, importante se fez estudar as vivências, implicações, intervenientes e respectiva interação com o ambiente social no processo de desenvolvimento da criança. Para o método se utilizou a leitura seletiva e reflexiva durante todo o estudo, este do tipo exploratório, com caráter qualitativo, através de revisão de literatura, a partir do referencial de pesquisas atualizadas e desenvolvidas ao longo dos estudos sobre desenvolvimento humano infantil. As bases de dados foram advindas predominantemente de livros, revistas e periódicos, especialmente do banco de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde – Psicologia – BVSPSI, delimitando predominantemente SciELO no período circunscrito nos últimos 5 anos para artigos e dissertações, que se fazem relevantes para com a temática estudada, considerando os descritores: Desenvolvimento, Primeira Infância, ambiente social, modelo bioecológico; estes subsidiaram a compreensão sobre as características peculiares na Primeira Infância compreendida de 0 a 3 anos. Através desse estudo foi possível compreender a Primeira Infância como um período fundamental para o desenvolvimento da criança, uma vez que, essa é exposta as exigências do meio desde a relação primeira com a mãe, se estendendo para o núcleo familiar e demais parentes e amigos próximos, que podem promover ou limitar o desenvolvimento saudável da criança. Conclui-se que o ambiente social da criança a desafia, principalmente frente às relações estabelecidas e os estímulos aos quais ela é submetida na Primeira Infância, implicando na capacidade adaptativa e no desenvolvimento de habilidades necessárias para fases subsequentes do seu Ciclo vital.
Dislexia em perspectiva: Contribuições da psicopedagogia e da Psicologia
Authors: Silva Eliabe Bezerra de Oliveira , Oliveira Gislene Farias de
Published: October 2016

O presente artigo tem como título “Dislexia em perspectiva: contribuições da psicopedagogia e da psicologia” e trata da “dislexia do escolar” sob os prismas da psicopedagogia espanhola e argentina, e da psicologia do desenvolvimento, educacional e escolar. O intuito deste trabalho não é dissertar a respeito de todos os tipos de dislexia escolar encontrados por essas áreas de estudo, mas evidenciar aos profissionais da educação formal os principais sinais de dificuldades de leitura e escrita presentes nos sujeitos em processo de escolarização. Dentro dessa proposta de revisão integrativa, consideram-se os aspectos cognitivo, pedagógico e social interferentes no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Sob o método da pesquisa bibliográfica com cruzamento de fontes e interpretação de conteúdo, e da observação direta das relações familiares, das rotinas escolares e das práticas pedagógicas em escolas municipais de Fortaleza – Ceará, foi possível estabelecer relações multicausais para a construção dos argumentos, no sentido de renovar a discussão sobre o tema, possibilitando novos esclarecimentos e ultrapassando a reprodução da nomenclatura existente sobre dificuldades da lectoescrita. Os resultados demonstraram uma relação entre cognição social e postura político-pedagógica da escola e do professor, e  implicações de tais relações no sujeito aprendente. Estas precisam ser consideradas quando os propósitos maiores são superar o paradigma homogeneizador da escola brasileira, realçar as potencialidades dos sujeitos e alcançar a qualidade da educação. Palavras-chave:
Perfil e Qualidade de Vida de pacientes internados em hospital de custódia psiquiátrica
Authors: Malveira Plínio Pinto , Herrera Glenda Arielle Guimarães , Rolim Raissa Araújo , Rolim Neto Ramiro , Oliveira Gislene Farias de
Published: October 2016

A Reforma Psiquiátrica no Brasil trouxe uma série de mudanças na área da saúde mental, na perspectiva da regulamentação da desinstitucionalização, bem como dos instrumentos legais para a implementação de serviços alternativos em substituição aos existentes. Esta pesquisa objetivou conhecer e analisar o perfil e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes que estejam a cumprir alguma medida de segurança no Hospital Psiquiátrico Santa Tereza, localizado na cidade de Crato-CE. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com sete custodiados, de um hospital psiquiátrico do interior do Ceará. Com relação à Qualidade de Vida, medida de acordo com os parâmetros da Organização Mundial de Saúde, percebeu-se que em todos os domínios, os respondentes da amostra apresentaram médias inferiores às médias descritas e padronizadas como normais.
A Violência Simbólica e Espaço Escolar
Authors: Timoteo Emidia Inacio , Carvalho Anna Christina Farias de
Published: October 2016

Fenômeno complexo e multicausal, a violência apresenta conceitos que fogem ao dogmatismo preciso e estruturado, sendo alguns destes contraditórios e/ou divergentes. Entretanto, podemos apontar, diante do processo histórico, que a violência é um fato humano e social e como construção social tem solução ou pelo menos diminuição num patamar menos epidêmico. No Ceará, como de fato na maioria dos Estados brasileiros, as pesquisas sobre violências, especialmente sobre violência simbólica são escassas, quando muitas vezes também inexistem estatísticas acerca do fenômeno. Sob um ponto de vista mais amplo, podemos concluir que as agressões físicas, simbólicas ou patrimoniais infligidas pelos alunos, são reproduzidas no espaço escolar a partir das vivências sociais e familiares.
Estimation of marginal parameters of SUP-OU processes with long range dependence
Authors: Taufer Emanuele
Published: October 2016

Superpositions of Ornstein Uhlenbeck processes provide convenient ways to build stationary processes with given marginal distributions and long range dependence. After reviewing some of the basic features, we present several examples of processes with non Gaussian marginal distributions. Estimation of the parameters of the marginal distribution is undertaken by means of a characteristic function technique. We provide the relevant asymptotic theory as well as results of simulations and real data applications.
Photo-acoustic properties of nanoTiO2:Er
Authors: Palomino-Merino R. , Lozada-Morales R. , Martínez-Juárez J. , Juárez-Díaz G. , Carmona-Rodriguez J. , Del Angel P. , Jiménez-Sandoval S. , Tomas S. A. , Zelaya-Angel O. , Castaño V. M.
Published: October 2016

Nanocrystalline Er-doped TiO2 was prepared by sol-gel at room temperature. X-ray diffraction, photoacoustic spectroscopy (optical absorption), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electron dispersion microscopy (EDS) were carried out on both as-prepared and thermally-annealed (air at 700 ºC) samples, revealing the anatase crystalline phase of TiO2. The samples exhibit an average grain size from 38 to 5.1 nm, as the nominal concentration of Er varies from 0 % to 7 %. The photoacoustic spectra evidence the absorption edge at 300 nm attributed to TiO2, as well as several electronic transitions which are atomic energy absorption-line levels characteristics of Er.
Application and evaluation of biology laboratory experiments with computer-based digital experimental tools
Authors: Atıcı Tahir , Gökmen Ahmet , Taflı Tuğba
Published: October 2016

It is widely accepted that learning-science-by-doing and/or facilitating meaningful experience is preferred over rote memorization in the science classrooms.  To this end, this study shows that using the computer-based digital experimental tools in the biology laboratory can function as activities that can facilitate their learning to be more effective, and foster positive attitudes towards learning science and high level of self-efficacy in the subject area. The aim of this research is to determine the students' perception on their self-efficacy in teaching science, their attitudes towards the laboratory course, and their self-efficacy in using the computer-based digital experimental tools. The research was carried out with 28 students who were registered in the Department of Biology Education, at a major university in Turkey. The research employed one group pretest-posttest model experimental design. As a data collection tools, Teaching Self-Efficacy Scale developed by   Tschannen-Moran & Hoy (2001), Laboratory Self Efficacy Scale developed by  (2009) and Laboratory Attitude Scale developed by Ekici (2002) were used in this study. The analyses of the study were carried out using SPSS 20 program. The descriptive statistics, normality test, T-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used.  The results of the research showed that the computer-based learning with digital experimental tools had a positive impact on the students' perception on their self-efficacy for teaching science and self-efficacy levels for using the computer-based digital technology.
Childcare Attendance and Obesity Risk
Authors: Isong Inyang A. , Richmond Tracy , Kawachi Ichiro , Avendaño Mauricio
Published: October 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Several observational studies have revealed that children who receive nonparental childcare are at increased risk of obesity. However, this may be due to unmeasured confounding or selection into different types of childcare. It is not well established whether this association reflects a causal effect of childcare attendance on obesity risk. We examined the effect of attending childcare on children’s BMI z scores, using nationally representative data of ∼10 700 children followed from age 9 months through kindergarten entry.

METHODS:

We first employed ordinary least squares regression to evaluate longitudinal associations between childcare attendance at 24 months and BMI z scores at kindergarten entry, controlling for child, family, and neighborhood characteristics. Because type of childcare is associated with unobserved confounding factors, we repeated the analysis by using 2 quasi-experimental approaches: (1) individual fixed effect models, which control for all observed and unobserved time-invariant confounders; and (2) instrumental variable (IV) analysis.

RESULTS:

At 24 months, 48.7% of children were in nonparental childcare, and 35.1% of children were overweight/obese at kindergarten entry. In ordinary least squares models, compared with children in parental care, children in nonparental childcare at 24 months had higher BMI z scores at kindergarten entry (0.08 [SE 0.03], P = .01). By contrast, fixed effects and IV models revealed no significant effect of childcare on BMI z score (fixed effects model: β = 0.02 [SE 0.02], P = .62); IV model: β = 1.12 [SE 0.76], P = .14).

CONCLUSIONS:

We found no consistent associations between nonparental childcare and obesity. Previously reported significant associations may be confounded by unobserved family circumstances resulting in selection into different types of childcare.
МОНІТОРИНГ ЕПІЗООТИЧНОЇ СИТУАЦІЇ З КОЛІБАКТЕРІОЗУ В УКРАЇНІ ЗА ПЕРІОД 2004 – 2015 рр.
Authors: Vasilyeva T.B.
Published: October 2016

The investigation of colibacteriosis dissemination in Ukraine showed its significant presence during the period 2004–2015. The biggest number of hot spots was detected in Cherkassy, Vinnitsa, Donetsk and Ternopil regions. The data analisys confirmed increasing the persentage level of detected positive samples of biological matherial obtained from young animals died from colibacteriosis.The problem of colibacteriosis becoming more relevant at the present time. An intensive using of contemporery antibiotics making difficult task of isolating pure microbial culture from pathological matherial. With in the spectrum of infectious diseases of livestock the highest level of infectation was detected among poultry  – 3.19% of positive results from all tested biomatherials from pigs, among pigs – 1.47%, among cattle  – 0.49% and other species – 0.01%. The cases of colibacteriosis was detected during each year. The most common manifestation of infection taking place during calving period.The young cattle getting disease during first days of life, piglets – during first couple of months. Colibacteriosis in poultry haracterized by typical secondary infection manifestation due to lower immunity.The conditions for the persistence of pathogenic E.coli in livestock farms provide the possibility for further spreading the infectiong among all kinds of farm animal secies.
ПОКАЗНИКИ ГЕМОПОЕЗУ СОБАК ЗА БАБЕЗІОЗУ
Authors: Goralska I. , Pinsky О.
Published: October 2016

The article presents the results of research on the state of hematopoiesis dogs acute babesiosis course. It was found that for the destruction of red blood cells Babesia canis in the development of the disease develops regenerative, macrocytic anemia, accompanied olihotsytemiyeyu, olihohromemiyeyu, macrocytosis reticulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, increased ESR. This reduction in the number of red blood cells prevailed over reduction of hemoglobin, which suggests a hemolytic process.Already in the early stages of the disease is detected the presence of poikilocytosis ehinotsytiv, akantotsytiv and stomatotsytiv. In the third stage of the disease in the bloodstream appear fragments of erythrocytes (shyzotsyty) and their basophilic stippling.Evidence of the high requirement of oxygen by hemolysis is confirmed by the increasing number of reticulocytes, which strongly leached from bone marrow into peripheral blood.Reducing the number of platelets in the blood flow of dogs for acute babesiosis is strengthened by their destruction and reduction of production due to splenomegaly due to sequestration (deposit) of these blood cells.For babesiosis in dogs develop metabolic ferumovmistymyh pigments (hemochromatosis), confirmed hipersyderemiyeyu and may indicate a postponement of iron in the liver, kidneys and muscles.
КІСТОЗНА ГІПЕРПЛАЗІЯ ЕНДОМЕТРІЮ ЯК ПРИЧИНА НЕПЛІДНОСТІ У САМОК СОБАК, ДІАГНОСТИКА ТА ЛІКУВАННЯ
Authors: Davydenko N.G.
Published: October 2016

The article describes the pathogenesis of infertility with cystic endometrial hyperplasia, features of  diagnosis  and treatment. The data on changes in hormonal, morphological and biochemical blood parameters in infertile female dogs with cystic endometrial hyperplasia before and after treatment.The study involved 11 infertile females dogs with cystic endometrial hyperplasia and 5 female dogs with the normal function of the reproductive system from 2 to 6 years. Blood was collected during anoestrus and metestrus. For the treatment used broad-spectrum antibiotics, mifepristone, cloprostenol and cabergoline. Females were fertilized again after treatment to test  effectiveness of the treatment. Found that sick animals have characteristic changes in morphology and biochemistry of blood. Certain amount of  the female dogs have the same changes in the blood after treatment. We observed the following changes in the morphology of the blood during metestrus  in the animals before treatment and a group of animals that were not pregnant after treatment and repeated mating: increase in the number of white blood cells, increasing the number of band neutrophils, the increase in the index of neutrophil shift. In the study of biochemical blood indices we have seen elevated activity of alkaline phosphatase, ALT, protein, creatinine, urea in animals that did not become pregnant after a treatment compared with the control animals group.During the study of hormone profile blood  significant differences  data of thyroxine in  female dogs before and after treatment compared with the control group are not established. Patients in groups of animals and the animals from which failed to get offspring after treatment lowered levels of progesterone in metestrus while estradiol increased compared with the control group females. The paper adrenal experimental animals also observed changes. Thus, the function of the adrenal glands increases significantly during metestrus, as the level of DHEA-S and cortisol increased. However, cortisol and DHEA-S was lowest  in sick animals for treatment and a group of animals that fail to conceive after treatment. It gives grounds to assume that adrenal’s hormones take part in the pathogenesis of female infertility dogs with cystic endometrial hyperplasia.
ГОСТРА ТОКСИЧНІСТЬ ГЛІФОСАТУ ДЛЯ ПЕРЕПЕЛІВ
Authors: Dotsenko R.V.
Published: October 2016

The article deals with the data on the establishment of acute toxicity herbicide glyphosate for quail for oral administration. Glyphosate - the herbicide with broad spectrum of activity. In experiments it was used glyphosate in the form of potassium salt preparation with the concentration of 676 g/dm3. The experiments were carried out on 91 female of Texas quail breeds the average weight is (200.0 ± 20.0) g, and were kept under optimal conditions of vivarium. According to the principle of analogues were formed 4 experimental groups, which were administered glyphosate in the form of an aqueous emulsion in doses - 50, 500, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg of body weight. For clinical state of the research poultry it was observed for 14 days. It was noted the emergence and the development of clinical signs of poisoning, term loss or recovery period to physiological norm. A single intragastric administration of water glyphosate emulsion to quail of I - III research groups caused no picture of acute poisoning. In the poultry from the experimental group during the first six hours of the experiment it was recorded gradual growth inhibition. For acute poisoning  in quail it was showed depression, poor response to external stimuli, sitting in one place. Poultry death was observed in this group during the first day after the introduction of glyphosate. On pathoanatomical autopsy it was established that the absence of  the oral cavity mucous membranes changes, pharynx trachea and esophagus; increased liver, filled with blood, dark cherry colour, gallbladder filled with bile, blood supply vessels of the small intestine, it was observed swelling of the blind shoots the colon; kidneys increased in volume compared to the control group swelling of the large bowel; kidneys increased in volume compared to the control group. According to the results of the quail death DL50 was calculated, which was 5039.11 ± 222.96 mg/kg, which gives reason to include glyphosate according hygienic classification  of pesticides for L.I. Medvedj and DSP 8.8.1.2.002-98 to little toxic substances to (4th class of danger).
ШОК ТА ДВЗ-СИНДРОМ ЯК ПАТОГЕНЕТИЧНА ВІСЬ ЗА БАБЕЗІОЗУ СОБАК
Authors: Dubova O.A.
Published: October 2016

The article is devoted to research of complication of dogs babesiosis and the elucidation of their pathogenetic mechanisms. Babesiosis of dogs is extremely common in Polissya region of Ukraine, as created ideal conditions for enzootic focus. Agents have considerable virulence, so the disease is often accompanied by extremely severe complications. In our researches it is established that the main pathogenetic axis represent the shock and syndrome of disseminated intravascular coagulation of blood. These two processes are the secondary and create a "vicious circle" mutually causing and utilise each other. They are the determining factors of the death of the body.We studied clinical signs, laboratory indicators and pathological and morphological picture of complication. Clearly the stage of hypercoagulability with the defeat of the shock bodies, of consumption coagulopathy with bleeding on the background of thrombosis, fibrinolysis with ongoing bleeding and further irreversible terminal stage of shock. The main involving laboratory criteria are the concentration of degradation products of fibrinogen/fibrin and the presence of soluble fibrin-monomer complexes defined in the ethanol test, and hematocrit. Other indicators and signs allow you to identify the stage of complications.Thus, when dogs babesiosis main complications are disseminated intravascular coagulation and shock that affect the vital organs and systems and they are the main determining cause of death of animals.
ТАКСОНОМІЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ДНК-ГЕНОМНИХ ВІРУСІВ ХРЕБЕТНИХ ТВАРИН І ЛЮДИНИ
Authors: Kalinina O.S.
Published: October 2016

Presented modern taxonomy and nomenclature of the DNA-genomic of viruses of vertebrates animals and humans in accordance with the information ICTV release 2015 (ratification 2016). Described the basic criteria for the classification of viruses: characteristics of the viral genome, the mechanism of replication and virions morphology. Viruses of vertebrates (1120 species) consist of 4 orders, 34 families (12 – DNA-genomic, 22 – RNA-genomic), 11 subfamilies and 219 genera. DNA-genomic viruses of vertebrates (546 species) classified in 1 orders, 12 families, 5 subfamilies and 113 genera. The order Herpesvirales has united family Herpesviridae and Alloherpesviridae. Family Poxviridae, Iridoviridae and Parvoviridae, except of viruses of vertebrates, contain viruses of insects. Described the taxa of viruses:family, subfamily, genera, species. Characterized the basic taxonomic features of DNA-genomic viruses of vertebrates: the shape, size and structure of virions – the presence of outer membrane lipoprotein, capsid symmetry type, the structure of the viral DN and the number of proteins. The attention is focused on the features of reproduction of viruses. The replication of majority DNA-genomic viruses of vertebrates occur in the nucleus of cells, except for members of families Poxviridae and Asfarviridae, which are replicate in the cytoplasm. Yield virions is done due to destruction of cells or budding through the cell membrane (sometimes in combination with exocytosis) depending on the structural organization of the virus.
ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ СТАН ОРГАНІВ ІМУНОГЕНЕЗУ КАЧЕНЯТ У КРИТИЧНІ ПЕРІОДИ ПОСТНАТАЛЬНОГО ОНТОГЕНЕЗУ
Authors: Krogh A.O.
Published: October 2016

The study of the functional state of immunogenesis young ducks during critical periods of growth and development is important for breeding and keeping birds of this species in view of improving the system of evaluation of the immune status of the organism. Such approaches make it possible to warn the development of immunodeficiencies body ducks develop improved feeding schemes to improve capacity performance. In the article are given results of the study of the functional state of the clinically healthy young duck's thymus, bursa Fabricius, spleen in critical periods of postnatal ontogenesis, whose were grown in conditions of Myklashiv farms of Pustomyty district, Lviv region. It is established the increasing of duck's absolute mass of immunogenesis organs on a background of reducing the relative weight and index. However, the functioning of immunogenesis ducklings in critical periods of growth and development of the actual numerical values indicating the relative weight and index. Pronounced changes in the index of immunogenesis observed on the border between 14 and 21 ducklings era of life that can be isolated as one of the critical periods of postnatal ontogenesis immunological this type of bird. The result is the index of thymus, bursa Fabricius, spleen ducklings who are within the physiological norm, show active progress imunomorfolohichnyh specific immune responses in these organs. At sufficiently high index seminary and reduced spleen index can prevent the development of adaptive-compensatory reactions B immunity and lack of imunodefitstnoho state body ducklings 45-day age.
АНТИОКСИДАНТНИЙ ЗАХИСТ ТА ПЕРОКИСНЕ ОКИСНЕННЯ ЛІПІДІВ ОРГАНІЗМУ ВИСОКОТІЛЬНИХ КОРІВ ПРИ ПРОФІЛАКТИЦІ САЛЬМОНЕЛЬОЗУ ЗА ВПЛИВУ НАНОПРЕПАРАТУ ГЕРМАКАПУ
Authors: Lavriv P.Y.
Published: October 2016

The article  deals with the results of experimental research data of relationship between the antioxidant defense system and lipid body peroxidation of high calves cows  under  the influence of nanpreparation Germakap conducted  with simultaneous vaccination with inactivated formol vaccination with repeated  in two weeks later  at the same doses as their  stability and immunity to Salmonella. It was found the likely increase in activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase and at the same time, reduction of malon dialdehyde and hydroperoxides lipids and superoxidimutase. These changes in animals  body occur due to complex components adaptive nan preparation Germakap that lead to the normalization of metabolic and free radical processes in animals.  However, the increase in the catalytic activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activity in plasma of high calves cows  from research group can be explained by increasing intensity of synthesis in which these enzymes by introducing nan preparation Germakap closely associated with the regeneration of glutathione in the cell, and also the activity of glutathione peroxidase.  Through interaction with restoration of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase it was formed glutathione system that protects cells from stress peroxidation
ГІСТОЛОГІЧНІ ЗМІНИ В ТЕЛЯТ ЗА ГОСТРОГО ПЕРЕБІГУ САЛЬМОНЕЛЬОЗУ
Authors: Lisova V. , Pavlenko A. , Romanenko N.
Published: October 2016

The results of study of histological changes in calves by age of 20 – 40 days at acute salmonellosis infection are presented. At a histological research the most expressed changes were registered in the liver, thin intestine and lymphoid organs that contingently reproduction here of the causative agent. At acute form of salmonellosis in calves of this age-grade characteristic histological changes include: submilliar, intralobular, coagulativ, areactive foci of necrosis in a liver; cell granuloma in a liver; the acute diffusive serous-catarrhal enteritis with a hemorrhagic accent; serous lymphadenitis of intestinal lymph nodes; the acute diffusive catarrhal abomasitis. Also nonspecific, but constant morphological signs of salmonellosis are hyperplasia Peyer’s patches of a small intestine, intestinal lymph nodes, spleen and dystrophic changes of parenchymal organs.An analysis and theoretical ground of pathogenetic mechanisms of the educed microstructural changes are conducted. It is shown that in pathogenesis of salmonellosis an important role is played bacteriaemia and toxinaemia, which result to the defeat of endothelia of vessels and blood cells with subsequent violation of mechanisms of haemostasis гand development of the infectiously-toxic shock.
БІОМОРФОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СКЕЛЕТНИХ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ ПЛЕЧОВОГО СУГЛОБА ПІНГВІНА ГУМБАЛЬТА
Authors: Melnyk O.O. , Melnyk M.V. , Kinda W. , Kubiak-Nowak D.
Published: October 2016

The article presents the results and analysis of osteometric research of skeletal structures of the shoulder joint of Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti). Statistical analysis of the obtained results was made and the percentage ratio of the skeletal structures of the shoulder joint of Humboldt penguin was determined. Certain species features and natural laws were established that point out specific biomorphological adaptations to the «underwater flight». In particular clavicles that accrete into a «fork» are not attached to the sternum. This allowed us to understand certain patterns of their development.The shoulder joint of birds is a complex joint that is formed by bones of shoulder girdle and humerus. A coracoid is the most developed bone of the shoulder girdle. It should be noted that coracoid of birds is characterized by a high degree of development, which is caused by the development of muscles of wing that are fixed to it. The proximal end of coracoid forms a so-called acro-coracoidal process, to which a collarbone is fixed. The distal end of coracoid is connected to sternum, thus forming a coraco-sternal joint that is characterized by low motility.It was found that flipper form of thoracic limb and certain structural features of skeletal structures of the shoulder joint of Sphenisciformes, in particular flattened humerus, caudaly extended scapula, powerful coracoid and furcula are apparently caused by the influence of increased functional loads that have arisen as a result of adaptation to perform rowing functions by wing during rapid and deep swimming under water, because movement under water requires more physical activity.Penguins  (Humboldt penguin) are characterized by greatly elongated and expanded in its caudal part scapula (Annex A-3, Fig. 3.5). Its length relatively to the length of the humerus is 150%, and in the widest part - more than 20% of the scapula length. It should be noted that in caudal part of scapula is small, not ossified area that is covered with connective tissue membrane. In studied species acromion of scapula is directed upwards. Furcula in penguin is much expanded in its proximal part. Coracoid is like a column and elongated. Its length relatively to the length of the humerus is 111.1%. Underlying of coracoid is relatively narrow. Width of the coracoid base relatively to the lengths is 29.1%. On the lateral edge of coracoid base is a small appendage, directed proximally. In addition, the lateral edges of coracoid in studied bird species has so-called coracoid window. This window is formed as a result of coracoid ligament ossification. The proximal end of coracoid is bended laterally. Humerus in Humboldt penguin has a flattened shape. Its length relatively to the total length of the wing is 33.5%. Pneumatic fossa is large enough.
ADDITIONAL DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES FOR EQUINE RESPIRATORY DISEASES
Authors: Niedźwiedź A. , Maksymovych I. , Kubiak K. , Nicpoń J. , Leno M. , Rusyn V.
Published: October 2016

Respiratory diseases in horses are common, and with the increase in the population of this species, they pose a serious challenge to practicing veterinarians. In the case of respiratory diseases, a primary factor in determining the correct diagnosis is the skillful combination of data collected from the patient history, a detailed clinical examination and the results of additional tests. Auscultation of the lungs in horses is performed routinely, if respiratory diseases are suspected, but still an underestimated source of information is the percussion of the chest. With the development of diagnostic techniques applicable in human medicine, new opportunities have also emerged to examine the respiratory tract in horses. Increasingly, standard diagnostics performed in these animals include endoscopy, radiology, ultrasound, blood gas testing and collecting material to microbial culture. Some diseases can be diagnosed only during endoscopy while the animal is moving. For this purpose, a treadmill with a variable speed is used. Currently, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), tracheal wash (TW) and centesis of the thorax are applied more often. An examination of high diagnostic value is lung scintigraphy, but due to the price of the equipment and isotope storage problems it is not available in most developing countries. These tests are aimed at both a correct diagnosis and monitoring the course of treatment.
РЕДОКС-ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ТА СТАН ПЕРЕКИСНОГО ОКИСНЕННЯ ЛІПІДІВ КРОВІ КОРІВ, ЩО УТРИМУЮТЬСЯ У ЕКОЛОГІЧНО НЕСПРИЯТЛИВИХ УМОВАХ
Authors: Chala I.V. , Rusak V.S.
Published: October 2016

The paper highlights the investigations into the effects of the complex of unfavorable ecological factors which appear as a result of Chernobyl-derived contamination of farm lands on the intensity of peroxide oxidation of lipids and glutathione chain of the antioxidant system of dairy cows, as well as on the changes in the redox-potential of blood. The territory that suffered from Chernobyl-derived radionuclide contamination is characterized by the unfavorable ecological situation which is connected with the increase in the radioactive load on animals, as well as  with  the decrease in the part of soluble (exchange) form of biogenic mineral elements of soils. The above conditions make it possible to initiate a complex of biochemical changes caused by water radiolysis, by the increase in the active forms of oxygen and by the protection of the body from the products of peroxidation which appear as a result of the effects of radiolysis products. The investigation is aimed at determining the redox-potential of venous blood and separate indices of the peroxide oxidation of lipids and the antioxidant system of blood in cows kept in the zone which was contaminated by the man-caused radio nuclides , as compared with cows kept in the zone with background values of radioactivity and ᶨ- irradiation emissive power. The investigation results make it possible to establish that in the blood of cows kept under ecologically unfavorable conditions one can observe the increase in the concentration of the products of lipid peroxide oxidation: hydroperoxide lipids and malone  dialdehyde. Under the above conditions one can establish the changes in the activity  of the glutathione chain of the antioxidant system: the decrease in the part of renewed glutathione and the authentic increase in the part of oxidized glutathione and the decrease in the activity of glutathione reductase as compared with  cows kept under ecologically favorable conditions. It has been established that under the effects of unfavorable ecological factors one can observe the increase in the positive redox-potential of blood which testifies to the disturbances between oxidized and renewed potentials.