bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eksplorasi Perbedaan Gender Pada Argumentasi Ilmiah Siswa
Authors: Atqiya Nurul , Yuliati Lia , Diantoro Markus
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Studies about neuroscience reported that women and men have differences in some parts of their brain. Women and men have different ways to encrypt memories, solve problems, and make decisions. This study aimed to explore and raise gender differences in scientific argumentation. There were 80 students (40 female and 40 male students) selected by random sampling technique from two schools in Malang. Each student was given eight essays about Newton’s Law as the instrument of scientific argumentation. To analyze the data, the kruskal-wallis test was conduced (P<0.05 was considered a significant difference). The result showed that (1) There was significant difference between male and female students’ scientific argumentation; (2) Female students’ were better at prividing claim, evidence, and reasoning in scientific argumentation than male students’; (3) Students’ scientific argumentation were insufficient category, claim, evidence, and reasoning in level one. These findings could be used as consideration in the next study especially about learnings to improve students’ scientific argumentation.
Abstrak: Penelitian tentang neuroscience mengungkapkan bahwa laki-laki dan perempuan memiliki perbedaan di beberapa bagian otak mereka. Ada perbedaan cara dalam memproses memori, memecahkan masalah, dan membuat keputusan antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi perbedaan gender dalam argumentasi ilmiah. Ada 80 siswa (40 siswa laki-laki dan 40 siswa perempuan) dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling dari dua sekolah di Malang. Setiap siswa diberi delapan esai tentang Hukum Newton sebagai instrumen argumentasi ilmiah. Uji krusial-wallis dilakukan (nilai-p < 0,05 dianggap sebagai perbedaan yang signifikan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) terdapat perbedaan argumentasi ilmiah yang signifikan antara siswa laki-laki dan perempuan; (2) Claim, evidence, dan reasoning dalam argumentasi ilmiah yang dikemukakan siswa perempuan lebih baik daripada laki-laki; (3) argumentasi ilmiah siswa dalam kategori kurang dengan level claim, evidence, dan reasoning dalam level 1. Temuan ini dapat digunakan sebagai pertimbangan dalam studi argumentasi ilmiah berikutnya terutama pembelajaran-pembelajaran yang tepat untuk meningkatkan argumentasi ilmiah siswa.
Penerapan Model Induktif Kata Bergambar untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Membaca Permulaan Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Lake Angelina C. O. R. , Hasanah Muakibatul , Furaidah Furaidah
Published: September 2021

Abstract: This research aimed to increase the beginning reading skills of first grade students of SD Inpres 2 Oepura Kupang by using inductive model of picture words. The student achievement was measured by using reading test and observation. The results showed that the use of the inductive model of picture words could increase the beginning reading skills of the students
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan proses pembelajaran dan peningkatan keterampilan membaca permulaan menggunakan model induktif kata bergambar siswa kelas I SD. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD Inpres Oepura 2 Kupang-NTT. Peningkatan keterampilan membaca permulaan siswa melalui model induktif kata bergambar diukur menggunakan tes dan lembar observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model induktif kata bergambar dapat meningkatkan keterampilan membaca permulaan siswa.
BİLİŞİM TEKNOLOJİLERİ KAYNAK VE KAPASİTELERİNİN KAVRAMSALLAŞTIRILMASI ÜZERİNE SİSTEMATİK BİR LİTERATÜR ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: NUROĞLU Hüseyin Hayri , TATOĞLU Ekrem
Published: September 2021

Bilişim Teknolojilerinin (BT) işletmelerde kullanılmaya başlanmasından itibaren iş dünyasındaki etki alanı önemli derecede artmıştır. Bugün, BT kullanmayan bir işletme ve herhangi bir BT bileşeninin katılımı olmadan bir ticari işlem tahayyül edilemez. Son yıllarda görülen teknoloji ve uygulama yetkinliklerindeki gelişmeler BT’ni kurumların temel taşlarından biri olarak görmemiz sonucunu ortaya çıkarmıştır. BT işletmelerdeki işlem ve süreçleri etkilemenin yanısıra kurumsal yapılanmada da esaslı değişikliklere neden olmaktadır. Bununla birlikte BT’nin işletmeler üzerindeki etkilerine yönelik çalışmalarda BT ve BT kapasitesinin (IT Capabilities) nasıl ölçülmesi gerektiğine dair bir birlik yoktur. Bu çalışma işletmelerde BT kapasitesinin nasıl ölçüleceğine dair kapsamlı bir literatür incelemesi sunmaktadır. Bu makalede BT’nin işletmelerde aktif olarak kullanılmaya başlamasından günümüze kadar geçen sürede BT kapasitesini ölçmek için hangi teorik altyapıların kullanıldığı ve hangi değişkenlerin ölçüm modeline dahil edildiği incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda BT kapasitesini ölçen değişkenlerin zaman içinde nasıl farklılaştığı, son dönemde hangi değişkenlerin ölçüm modellerine daha çok dahil edildiği ve bu değişkenlerin nasıl işlevsel hale getirildiği ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Böylece, işletmelerde BT ile ilgili derinlemesine kantitatif çalışmalar yapmak isteyen araştırmacılar için BT kaynak ve kapasitesinin ölçümü ile ilgili yol gösterici bir sonuç elde edilmiştir.
How Does it Feel to Be Part of the Minority?: Impacts of Perspective Taking on Prosocial Behavio
Authors: Rodríguez Chatruc Marisol , Rozo Sandra V.
Published: September 2021

Can online experiences that illustrate the lives of vulnerable populations improve prosocial behaviors and reduce prejudice? We randomly assign 850 individuals to: i) an online game that immerses individuals in the life decisions of a Venezuelan migrant and ii) a documentary about the migration process of Venezuelans to Colombia. Both treatments effectively improve altruism and reduce prejudice towards migrants. The impacts of both treatments are not statistically different in any of the other outcomes that we examine. The effects of the game are mainly driven by changes in perspective-taking while the effects of the video are induced by changes in both empathy and perspective-taking.
Plug Saco do Inferninho: evidência do Magmatismo Macau em Picuí-PB
Authors: Barros Paulo Sales da Costa , Carvalho Lisboa Vinicius Anselmo , Santos Jailson Júnior Alves , Lima Rayane Gois de , Conceição Herbet , Rosa Maria de Lourdes Da Silva
Published: September 2021

Na Província Borborema (NE Brasil) existem diversos eventos magmáticos, e os de idade cenozoica são basálticos e ocorrem em vários estados. Na região norte do município de Picuí, no estado da Paraíba, as rochas básicas do Cenozoico são intrusivas em xistos da Formação Seridó. O Plug Saco do Inferninho (PSI) é formado por basaltos com textura microcristalina e, ocasionalmente, com fenocristais de olivina e enclaves peridotíticos. Estes basaltos têm texturas afanítica, microcristalina ou hipohialina; são constituídos por crisólita (Fo78%-90%), labradorita (An52%-57%), diopsídio (Wo46%-47%-Fs09%-11%-En40%-44%) e ulvoespinélio (UI46%-70%). Os dados geológicos, petrográficos e de química mineral obtidos neste estudo permitem associar o PSI ao Magmatismo Macau, que marca o evento magmático mais recente da Província Borborema.
Situação e ações fitossanitárias do Estado do Ceará: um estudo de caso do Cancro da Videira
Authors: Souza Junior Francisco Jorge Carlos de , Assunção Mayara Castro
Published: September 2021

A fruticultura é uma importante atividade agrícola para o estado do Ceará, principalmente nas exportações, o que gera um aumento na participação na balança comercial cearense. As exportações de frutas frescas do Ceará em 2019 movimentaram mais de U$ 62 milhões, com produção de 1.319.140 toneladas, em uma área de 371.900 hectares. Entre as frutas cultivadas no Ceará, destaca-se o cultivo de uva, sendo o estado o quarto maior produtor da região Nordeste. Um dos principais entraves à viticultura são as doenças, pois provocam perdas na produtividade. Visto que o estado do Ceará é considerado área com presença de Xanthomonas campestri pv. viticola, que é uma praga quarentenária, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a situação e as ações fitossanitárias na sanidade vegetal relacionadas a essa praga no estado. Foi observado que há uma política fitossanitária estadual de combate à praga quarentenária bem detalhada, além de uma estrutura montada para executar as ações de gestão das pragas pela Agência de Defesa Agropecuária do Ceará (ADAGRI).  O programa estadual de prevenção, controle e erradicação do cancro bacteriano da videira do estado do Ceará foi eficiente para reduzir a ocorrência de Xanthomonas campestri pv. viticola em áreas de cultivo de Vitis spp.
Lifetime Extension of Three-Dimensional Wireless Sensor Networks, Based on Gaussian Coverage Probability
Authors: Majid Amir
Published: September 2021

The aim of this work is to evaluate the nth joined probability of three-dimensional wireless sensor networks, and to extend the lifetime of these networks. A Gaussian probability distribution function is assumed for the power coverage probability for each sensor in the 3-dimensional cartesian and spherical coordinates. The overall joint probability is evaluated from each sensor to a target in the network, and then the network lifetime of sensors power sensing a number of targets, is extended based on removing redundancies of powering all sensors at the same time. Proportional to the evaluated probabilities, sensors are energized during slots of periodic time. The formulated probabilities are assumed to be uncorrelated among each sensor to any target zone. A case study is introduced to demonstrate extending the lifetime of a network comprising 7 sensors targeting two uncorrelated zones, in which 8 different cases of subsets are formed, when a minimum threshold of overall power coverage probability of 35% is assumed. Network lifetime is extended more than 70%, with some sensors reaching more than 90% power saving. This work can be extended to deal with other types of probabilities, as well as with cases of correlated sensor-target coverages.
Real-Time Traffic Controlling System Using Multi-Agent Technology
Authors: Wakkumbura Randi Thakshila , Hettige Budditha , Edirisuriya Ananda
Published: September 2021

With the development, almost all the sectors, countries tend to grow adapting to latest technologies. The transport sector also has a huge impact on this development sphere. When it comes to traffic, it is a huge problem in the world. In Sri Lanka traffic is a problem that exists for a long period. Annually there is a loss of Rs. 400 billion due to traffic congestions. Over the past years various solutions have been proposed using different methods for traffic control. These solutions are based on different trending technologies such as machine learning, image processing, fuzzy logic and the Internet of Things. However, those systems are not able to handle traffic congestions problems in complex environments. Therefore, a real-time traffic controlling system with the ability to handle traffic congestions in dynamic environment is highly valued. This study aims to design and build a real-time traffic management system using Multi Agent technology. Simulations for both existing system and Agent-Based system are implemented using NetLogo simulation tool and compared for various traffic situations. According to the results obtained from the two simulations, Agent-Based systems provide more accuracy and efficiency than the existing fixed scheduling systems.
Un nuevo estudio de los conjuntos Supra Neutrosophic Crisp
Authors: Granados Carlos
Published: September 2021

Dado que el mundo está lleno de indeterminación, los Neutrosophic encontraron su lugar en la investigación contemporánea. Es por esto que en este artículo presentamos un nuevo resultado de conjuntos supra Neutrosophic Crisp sobre un espacio topológico supra Neutrosophic Crisp. En esta investigación se utilizó la noción de conjuntos supra Neutrosophic Crisp semi-α-cerrados para introducir nuevos conceptos, tales como propiedades de separación y nuevas nociones de conjuntos. Además, se encuentran algunas relaciones existentes entre ellas.
Electrochemical Neutralization of Acidic Industrial Effluents
Authors: Filippova O.P. , Kalayeva S.Z. , Markelova N.L. , Korolyova E.A.
Published: September 2021

An electrochemical method for neutralizing "acidic" industrial effluents is presented. The dependences of the electrical conductivity of industrial water on the neutralization time on platinum and steel electrodes are compared.
Assessment of the State of the Territories of Closed Waste Disposal Facilities by Vegetation Indices
Authors: Sliusar N.N. , Belousova A.P. , Batrakova G.M. , Garifzyanov R.D. , Huber-Humer M. , Ritzkowski M.
Published: September 2021

The possibilities of using remote sensing of the Earth data to assess the formation of phytocenoses at reclaimed dumps and landfills are presented. The objects of study are landfills and dumps in the Perm Territory, which differed from each other in the types and timing of reclamation work. The state of the vegetation cover on the reclaimed and self-overgrowing objects was compared with the reference plots with naturally formed herbage of zonal meadow vegetation. The process of reclamation of the territory of closed landfills was assessed by the presence and homogeneity of the vegetation layer and by the values of the vegetation index NDVI. To identify the dynamics of changes in the vegetation cover, we used multi-temporal satellite images from the open resources of Google Earth and images in the visible and infrared ranges of the Landsat-5/TM and Landsat-8/OLI satellites. It is shown that the data of remote sensing of the Earth, in particular the analysis of vegetation indices, can be used to assess the dynamics of overgrowing of territories of reclaimed waste disposal facilities, as well as an additional and cost-effective method for monitoring the restoration of previously disturbed territories.
Integrated Hydroecological Monitoring of Watercourses in Zuya River Basin
Authors: Ivanyutin N.M. , Volkova N.E. , Podovalova S.V.
Published: September 2021

The results of a comprehensive agroecological assessment of the main watercourses of the Zuya river basin are presented. Studies were conducted in 2017–2020 and included: conducting a visual survey, measuring water consumption, assessing the qualitative characteristics of runoff, including phytotesting and determining its suitability for irrigation purposes. It was determined that the main pollutants of the watercourses were sulphates, phosphates, heavy metals. The assessment of salt composition of water resources has shown that they are mostly suitable for irrigation without restriction. However, according to the results of phytotesting, an inhibitory effect was recorded, which indicates a possible decrease in the yield of crops sensitive to water-contained pollutants. The water balance calculations showed the presence of a shortage of water resources in the Zuya river basin. The environmental situation on the surveyed water bodies was identified as unfavorable. The set of priority environmental measures includes: the creation of a permanent monitoring network, the arrangement of settlements with water disposal systems, the inventory of small water storage facilities and the implementation of the required repair and operational work on them, and the optimization of the number of water users.
Diversity, Abundance, and Effect of Genetically Modified Maize on Nontarget Predators in Sinaloa, Mexico
Authors: Aguirre Luis Alberto , Hernández-Juárez Agustín , Cerna Ernesto , Flores Mariano , Frías Gustavo Alberto , Ochoa Yisa María
Published: September 2021

Maize (Zea mays L.) that has been genetically modified (GM) with the insertion of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) genes for pest control has become a useful tool in modern agriculture. In México, planting of GM maize is not approved; however, field tests focused on the biotechnological efficacy of GM maize in controlling pests and the effects on nontarget organisms were authorized and conducted from 2009 to 2013. In Sinaloa, Mexico, plantings of the Bt corn hybrids Agrisure™ 3000 GT, Agrisure® Viptera™ 3110, and Agrisure® Viptera™ 3111, along with their respective isolines without the Bt toxin, were compared for their impact on nontarget predators. An additional treatment with conventional insecticide also was included in the comparisons. Predator abundance, diversity, richness, and uniformity of diversity were estimated by sampling populations with yellow sticky traps, pitfall traps, and a standard insect sweep net. A total of 17,626 predators, representing nine taxonomic orders and 30 families, were collected over all treatments in the different localities. Although predator abundance was slightly higher on the GM hybrids than in non-GM lines, the differences were not statistically significant. Our results from these studies in Sinaloa, Mexico, conclude that GM maize expressing the Bt toxin had no adverse effect on the population density of nontarget predators.
A Review of the Scientific Literature on the Use of Reproductive Pheromones in the Management of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Muthukumar Muthamilselvan , Kennedy John Samuel
Published: September 2021

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is native to tropical and subtropical areas of the Americas but has recently invaded and established in several African and Asian countries, including India. It successfully oviposits and feeds on a variety of host plants, but its feeding damage to maize, Zea mays L., is of great concern in its native and expanded ranges. Conventional insecticides are the usual means of managing the pest, despite the adverse impacts of these chemistries on nontarget species, as well as human and environmental health. Botanicals, biological agents, cultural practices, host plant resistance, and genetically modified hosts also have been explored for management, as has the use of reproductive pheromones for management, monitoring, and decision making. We conducted a review of available scientific literature on the use of reproductive pheromones for monitoring, mass trapping, disrupting mating, and decision making in the management of S. frugiperda. Assembling this information in one location will facilitate additional research with pheromone-based management strategies and tactics, especially within expanded ranges of the pest.
Results of identification and optimization of the parameters of axial piston pump
Authors: Petrović Radovan , Todić Nenad , Savić Slobodan , Andjelković Maja
Published: September 2021

In the development of applicative software for mathematical modelling, identification, and optimization of parameters of axial piston pumps, special attention is paid to the real need of the engineers' practice. We used the original graphical 2D and 3D software for the application in real-time with a simultaneous presentation and processing in 24 windows of high resolution. Here it is mentioned that during optimization and identification of axial piston pump's parameters, we automatically form and present several hundreds of the complex 2D diagrams, which enables to intervene at any point in the study of hydrodynamic processes by the change of input data, where the following flow of identification and optimization is changed.
Force control on direct driven servo hydraulic actuator
Authors: Petrovič Aleks , Janežič Mihael , Tič Vito
Published: September 2021

Direct Driven Servo Hydraulic Actuator also known as Pump Direct Driven Cylinder (PDDC) represents a decentralized modern concept of energy efficient cylinder control without damping loses of direction valves. Such systems have many advantages over conventional hydraulic systems and combine benefits of hydraulic and electric drives. PDDC system developed in Laboratory for Oil Hydraulics at University of Maribor consists of hydro motor, which is used as a reversible pump that is directly driven by servomotor and is designed for experimental testing with differential hydraulic cylinder. In this paper, the aforementioned system runs experimental setup for force control of hydraulic cylinder, with load produced by pneumatic bellow.
Development of portable filtration unit with self-diagnostics for industrial use
Authors: Novak Nejc , Jelovčan Rok , Majdič Franc
Published: September 2021

It is well known that contamination of fluids shortens the life of hydraulic systems. Sometimes the necessary operating conditions (high pressures and high flow rates) make adequate filtration in the suction, working, or return lines through the filter difficult because it would interfere with the work process. A high cleanliness of the oil can be achieved with a so-called "bypass" filtration, which is part of the whole hydraulic device with its own circuit. Another way to ensure fluid cleanliness is to filter the hydraulic fluid with a portable filtration unit, which is the main topic of this paper. The fluid is pumped from the reservoir of the main hydraulic device, through the portable filtration unit and returned to the reservoir. In this way it is possible to clean the hydraulic oil without the need for costly and unnecessary "bypass" hydraulic components for filtration.
Influence of differently viscous hydraulic fluid on the flow behaviour inside a hydraulic tank
Authors: Biluš Ignacijo , Lešnik Luka , Kevorkijan Luka , Lovrec Darko
Published: September 2021

The viscosity of a hydraulic fluid is certainly one of the most important material properties of a fluid, as it affects a whole range of phenomena in the hydraulic system and the operation of the entire system. Among other things, it affects the efficiency of the hydraulic device directly. Thus, the development of hydraulic fluids goes in the direction of fluids with lower viscosity, which, in turn, results in different flow behaviour and processes inside the hydraulic tank. The paper presents the results of a study of the flow conditions in a small hydraulic tank for cases of different fluid viscosities. The results were obtained based on a detailed simulation of conditions inside the tank. Apart from the impact of the changed flow conditions, the lower viscosity of the liquid also influences the elimination of solid contaminants and air.
La imagen de Cartago, Costa Rica como un destino religioso desde la percepción del turista
Authors: Zurita Mézquita Efraín Canaán , De la O Cordero Dyalá , Castrejón Mata Carmen
Published: September 2021

El objetivo principal de este estudio es evaluar la percepción de los visitantes de la imagen turística de Cartago como destino turístico religioso, asociadas a la romería del 2 de agosto hacia la Virgen de los Ángeles, en Costa Rica. La hipótesis de investigación es que el nivel de satisfacción tiene relación con los atributos que tiene la ciudad como espacio para el turismo religioso. Para probar dicha hipótesis se utilizó el método cuantitativo con alcance descriptivo-correlacional y datos de corte transversal. Los resultados principales señalan que existen atributos que influyen positivamente en la percepción del visitante sobre su satisfacción al visitar este destino turístico religioso. La información presentada en este trabajo puede ser empleada por el gobierno local y empresas para apuntar nuevas estrategias de gestión de Cartago como destino turístico religioso, ya que da un panorama de los servicios turísticos actuales, su disponibilidad, y facilidad para ser usados por los visitantes.
Tras las huellas del pícaro en la cultura venezolana. Raíces y derivaciones
Authors: Sosnowski Elena , Cronick Karen
Published: September 2021

El trabajo revisa y cuestiona la figura del “pícaro” en Venezuela, que la literatura reconoce con alguna frecuencia en la idiosincrasia latinoamericana y caribeña. Con la ayuda del concepto de “personalidad modal” de Ruth Benedict, antropóloga, de la corriente del configuracionismo cultural, el objetivo es describir esta “personalidad” tal como ha sido abordada por variados autores, particularmente Axel Capriles, psicólogo, y desarrollar para ella una contextualización histórica y sociológica. Para eso se revisan autores provenientes del campo de la antropología/etnopsicoanálisis (Samuel Hurtado), la sociología (Alberto Gruson), la psiquiatría (José Luis Vethencourt) y la psicología (Alejandro Moreno), quienes desde el enfoque del psicoanálisis, fundamentaron aspectos de la sociedad venezolana, que se relacionan con esta personalidad. El método utilizado es una selección documental intencional que desglosa el tema del pícaro venezolano desde ángulos disciplinarios diversos y que arroja luz sobre la pregunta sobre esta figura y su funcionalidad en la sociedad, con una revisión crítica de los argumentos de los autores, entre los que se incluyen el matricentrismo, la matrisocialidad y la indefensión. Revisamos los significados por la posible evolución del término a lo largo de la historia y para una posible segmentación interpretativa del significado de pícaro, por su importancia simbólica en la construcción de cultura y para promover una apertura a la problematización de los rasgos de identidad que no operan en favor de la cohesión social.
Acercamientos al teatro centroamericano contemporáneo
Authors: Corrales Arias Adriano
Published: September 2021

Lo que sigue es un ensayo de interpretación sobre la actualidad de la actividad teatral en Centroamérica. El mismo se propone como insumo o acercamiento para un debate, que debería conducir a ciertos niveles de diálogo y de posibles abordajes más o menos prácticos sobre la problemática planteada, así como a la posibilidad de mapear y “reconstruir” lo que ocurre en la irregular escena de la región.
Migración internacional en el estado de Guanajuato: historia y radiografía general de inicios del siglo XXI
Authors: Fernández Guzmán Eduardo
Published: September 2021

Guanajuato, junto con Michoacán, Jalisco y Zacatecas son los estados que mayores índices de migración internacional presentan en el país, en su gran mayoría a Estados Unidos. Esto es reflejo de una tradición muy acendrada que inicia a principios del siglo XX, y aun hoy en día lideran en la cantidad de migrantes y remesas. No es una obviedad decir, del significativo impacto de la migración para la entidad guanajuatense, que se ve reflejado en las comunidades y regiones a través del gasto e inversión, y el retorno, las tradiciones, la cultura de la migración. El objetivo de este trabajo es tan solo presentar los índices y estadísticas globales de la migración internacional (intensidad migratoria, remesas e inversión migrante) en el estado a inicios del siglo XXI. Esto como insumo estadístico para fines académicos, de política pública, y sobre todo para no versados en el tema migratorio que busquen una breve y fácil lectura.
La experiencia de usuario con discapacidad visual y los procesos de evaluación web: el caso del observatorio de tecnologías accesibles e inclusivas (OTAI), Costa Rica 2019
Authors: Rodríguez Vega Wilmer , Chacón Rivas Mario
Published: September 2021

Las evaluaciones en accesibilidad web son un mercado laboral y tecnológico en aumento en Costa Rica. En dicho panorama, la participación de personas con discapacidad dentro de los procesos de evaluación se vuelve principalmente relevante. El Observatorio de Tecnologías Accesibles (OTAI) del Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica hace aportes en este respecto al incorporar evaluadores con discapacidad visual como parte del equipo de trabajo permanente. El objetivo de este trabajo es expresar la experiencia de usuario de un evaluador con discapacidad visual que ve contrastada su vivencia al expresar sus necesidades bajo criterios de cumplimiento generales que puedan impactar a más de un posible usuario final. El aporte de esto es que, dentro del surgimiento de la importancia de la accesibilidad digital en Costa Rica y Latinoamérica; y el creciente mercado de evaluaciones web en el país, la posibilidad de tener evaluadores con discapacidad que verifiquen los criterios a la luz de sus necesidades abre futuras puertas de empleo en un escenario que aún se encuentra en etapas tempranas en la región y nuestro país.
Uso de Substâncias em Populações de Refugiados: Propostas de Abordagem a Uma População Vulnerável
Authors: Mota Pedro , Neto Ana
Published: September 2021

N/a.
Errata
Authors: UNICAMP Revista Brasileira de Inovação
Published: September 2021

Errata da resenha “Universidades e Desenvolvimento Regional – as bases para a inovação competitiva”, com DOI https://doi.org/10.20396/rbi.v19i0.8659962, publicada no periódico Revista Brasileira de Inovação, 19:1-5, e0200017.
Errata
Authors: UNICAMP Revista Brasileira de Inovação
Published: September 2021

Errata da resenha “Massa Crítica: Unicamp e a origem do polo de tecnologia de Campinas”, DOI https://doi.org/10.20396/rbi.v19i0.8660844, publicado no periódico Revista Brasileira de Inovação, 19:1-5, e0200018.
Big Five Personality Detection Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Tinwala Waiel , Rauniyar Shristi
Published: September 2021

Personality is the most critical feature that tells us about an individual. It is the collection of the individual’s thoughts, opinions, emotions and more. Personality detection is an emerging field in research and Deep Learning models have only recently started being developed. There is a need for a larger dataset that is unbiased as the current dataset that is used is in the form of questionnaires that the individuals themselves answer, hence increasing the chance of unconscious bias. We have used the famous stream-of-consciousness essays collated by James Pennbaker and Laura King. We have used the Big Five Model often known as the five-factor model or OCEAN model. Document-level feature extraction has been performed using Google’s word2vec embeddings and Mairesse features. The processed data has been fed into a deep convolutional network and a binary classifier has been used to classify the presence or absence of the personality trait. Hold- out method has been used to evaluate the model, and the F1 score has been used as the performance metric.
Importance of Psychological Support for Disaster-Affected Adolescents: 10 Years After the Great East Japan Earthquake
Authors: Okuyama Junko , Funakoshi Shunichi , Seto Shuji , Fukuda Yu , Ito Kiyoshi , Imamura Fumihiko , Izumi Shin-Ichi ,   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan,   Core Research Cluster of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan,   Miyagi Psychiatric Center, Miyagi, Japan,   International Cooperation for Disaster Medicine, International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan,   Faculty of Literature, Notre Dame Seishin University, Okayama, Japan
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Adolescents affected by disasters need mental health support because they tend to be at risk of developing psychiatric disorders and stress as grown-ups. However, it is difficult to develop and validate a support system for adolescents affected by disasters because it is unknown when and where disasters occur, and there is inadequate data related to this in Japan. Methods: To address these issues, we present a mental health support system for high school students affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake. We hypothesized that mental health support could be provided by classroom teachers and school nurses, who are familiar with high school students. We investigated the psychological state of the affected high school students for three years after the earthquake, and the students in psychological crises received interventions from their class teachers and school nurses. Results: The intervention resulted in improvements in depression and post-traumatic stress reaction (PTSR). Conclusion: These results suggest that our high school-based intervention is a feasible solution for mental health support for adolescents affected by the disaster.
A Fundamental Vulnerability: Contributions from Population Studies
Authors: Nakasu Tadashi ,   College of Population Studies, Chulalongkorn University Visid Prachuabmoh Building, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Published: September 2021

Abundant studies have researched the economic and social shifts associated with demographic transitions. There have also been many studies on the essentials of disaster preparedness and recovery. However, few studies have investigated these factors in combination. Therefore, this study explored how demographic shifts such as a decreasing and aging population impact disaster recovery and efforts to build a sustainable society. It examined coastal communities in Japan’s Iwate and Miyagi Prefectures that were affected by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami (GEJET) from the perspective of two disaster-recovery theories: (1) Bates and Peacock argued that disaster recovery continues or accelerates a community’s pre-disaster trends [1, 2]; and (2) Hirose argued that disaster-recovery efficacy depends on the disaster scale, outside aid, and community strength [3]. This study’s analyses support the first theory while stating that a community’s pre-disaster demographic and social trends have a more significant effect on disaster recovery success than the disaster scale and outside aid considering the second theory. The study reiterates that disaster recovery begins before a disaster, and demographic variables should affect plans to build a sustainable society. Finally, this note shows how the lessons learned from the 2011 GEJET disaster can provide the insights to improve disaster risk management in societies with declining and aging populations.
Learning from Megadisasters in Japan: Sharing Lessons with the World
Authors: Ishiwatari Mikio , Ranghieri Federica , Taniguchi Kazushige , Mimura Satoru ,   The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan,   Japan International Cooperation Agency, Tokyo, Japan,   The World Bank, Washington, D.C., USA,   Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan,   The Pacific Regional Environment Programme, Apia, Samoa
Published: September 2021

The experience of the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) can provide indispensable lessons for countries vulnerable to disasters around the world on how to strengthen their capacities to reduce disaster risks. This note assesses how the lessons from the disaster have been shared with the world by examining programs implemented by the World Bank and the Japan International Cooperation Agency. These organizations have conducted knowledge management activities, which holistically cover related sectors. The World Bank recognized that lessons from the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake had been lost from the international perspective and that ones from the GEJE needed to be collected and secured. A joint project between the World Bank and the Japanese government produced the report “Learning from megadisasters: Lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake,” which is widely used as a reference document for the disaster. This project shared lessons with policymakers, decisionmakers, practitioners, academia, and civil society organizations through knowledge exchange programs. The Japan International Cooperation Agency invited government practitioners and experts from developing countries to visit disaster-affected areas in the Tohoku region and learn lessons from the disaster. On the 10th anniversary of the disaster, reports on recovery experiences are being produced, including this special issue. It is expected that Japan will expand its efforts to share recovery lessons with the world.
Mediating Effect of Economic Distress and Social Capital on the Relationship between Burnout and Happiness in Nursing Students
Authors: Kim Su Jin , Jeong Kyung Soon
Published: September 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of economic distress and social capital on the relationship between burnout and happiness of nursing students.Methods: This study used Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey, The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, Incharge Financial Distress/Financial Well-Being Scale, and Internet Social Capital Scales. The data was analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Person’s correlation coefficient. Baron and Kenny’s method was used to analyze mediating effect between burnout and happiness.Results: Burnout, happiness, social capital, and economic distress had correlation with each other. There were the mediating effects of economic distress and social capital on the relationship between burnout and happiness of respondents.Conclusions: The result showed the mediating effects of economic distress and social capital on the relationship between burnout and happiness of nursing students. To increase happiness, it is necessary to apply a curriculum to strengthen the ability of nursing students.
The Effect of Infertile Women’s Lifestyle on the Number of Their Childbirth in 2 Years
Authors: Kim Min Young , Han Kyueun
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Infertility has been increasing in Korea, but few studies have examined the effect of lifestyle factors on childbirth among infertile Korean women. This study was designed to identify whether the lifestyle factors can predict the childbirth of infertile women in 2 years.Methods: We selected women aged under 40 diagnosed with infertility in 2016 and retrieved their national health examination data from Korean National Health Insurance Service. Regression analysis was conducted to investigate whether infertile women’s age, drinking, smoking, physical exercise, obesity, and sequela recorded in 2016 explained their childbirth in 2017 and 2018.Results: The results showed that age and obesity explained childbirth, respectively. In addition, the interaction of age and sequela predicted childbirth in 2 years.Conclusions: The findings suggest that the number of childbirth of infertile women can be inferred from lifestyle factors, which implies the importance of nonmedical factors in infertility.
Dinámicas sociocognitivas de producción y uso social de conocimiento científico sobre salud en dos universidades latinoamericanas
Authors: Echeverry-Mejía Jorge-Andrés
Published: September 2021

El objetivo del trabajo apunta a analizar las dinámicas de producción y uso social de conocimiento científico sobre salud a partir de un abordaje sociocognitivo de las trayectorias de investigadores de dos universidades públicas latinoamericanas: la Universidad de Antioquia (Colombia) y la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (Argentina). El periodo de análisis está comprendido entre 2016 y 2018. Se adopta un enfoque cualitativo, con observación, revisión documental y entrevistas semiestructuradas como herramientas para la recolección de información. Como base conceptual son tomados los aportes del campo de estudios sobre ciencia, tecnología y sociedad. Se proponen cuatro dimensiones de indagación: la dimensión socioinstitucional, los regímenes de investigación científica y tecnológica, la dimensión cognitiva y la utilidad social de los conocimientos científicos. Los hallazgos muestran una importante heterogeneidad en los abordajes sobre los fenómenos asociados a la salud, los cuales presentan algunos puntos de contacto en torno a la salud colectiva como tradición latinoamericana.
Steady-State Gas Flow from Tight Shale Matrix Subject to Water Blocking
Authors: Andersen Pål Østebø
Published: September 2021

This work studies 1D steady-state flow of gas from compressible shale matrix subject to water blocking toward a neighboring fracture. Water blocking is a capillary end effect causing wetting phase (e.g., water) to accumulate near the transition from matrix to fracture. Hydraulic fracturing is essential for economical shale gas production. Water is frequently used as fracturing fluid, but its accumulation in the matrix can reduce gas mobility and production rate.

Gas transport is considered at a defined pressure drop. The model accounts for apparent permeability (slip), compressibility of gas and shale, permeability reduction, saturation tortuosity (reduced relative permeability upon compaction), and multiphase flow parameters like relative permeability and capillary pressure, which depend on wettability. The behavior of gas flow rate and distributions of gas saturation, pressure, and permeability subject to different conditions and the stated mechanisms is explored.

Water blockage reduces gas relative permeability over a large zone and reduces the gas flow rate. Despite gas flowing, strong capillary forces sustain mobile water over the entire system. Reducing drawdown gave lower driving force and higher resistance (by water blockage) for gas flow. The results show that 75% reduction of drawdown made the gas flow rate a couple orders of magnitude lower compared to if there was no blockage. The impact was most severe in more water-wet systems.

The blockage caused most of the pressure drop to occur near the outlet. High pressure in the rest of the system reduced effects from gas decompression, matrix compression, and slip-enhanced permeability, whereas rapid gradients in all these effects occurred near the outlet. Gas decompression resulted in an approximately 10 times higher Darcy velocity and pressure gradient near the outlet compared to inlet, which contributed to removing blockage, but the added resistance reduced the gas production rate. Similarly, higher gas Corey exponent associated gas flow with higher pressure drop. The result was less blockage but lower gas production. Slip increased permeability, especially toward the outlet, and contributed to increase in gas production by 16%.

Significant matrix compression was associated with permeability reduction and increased Corey exponent in some examples. These effects reduced production and shifted more of the pressure drop toward the outlet. Upstream pressure was more uniform, and less compression and permeability reduction were seen overall compared to a system without water blockage.
Implicit Space-Time Domain Decomposition Approach for Solving Multiphase Miscible Flow: Accuracy and Scalability
Authors: Li Hanyu , Wheeler Mary F.
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we propose a fully implicit space-time multiscale scheme to improve computational efficiency in solving nonlinear multiphase flow in porous media. Here, error estimators are used for adaptively changing the spatial-temporal mesh. This algorithm applied to the black-oil model is compared to a standard control volume approach using a fine time and spatial mesh.

Error estimators are introduced to determine subdomains of the reservoir in which high nonlinearity hinders Newtonian convergence. This is followed by applying local fine timesteps to these marked regions, whereas the remaining regions retain the coarse time scale. Once a temporal discretization is determined for different parts of the reservoir, the spatial mesh is refined for treating saturation fronts. The nonmatching interfaces arising from different temporal and spatial scales are resolved by the enhanced velocity method, which enforces strongly the continuity of fluxes. This whole system is solved monolithically.

Results from a three-phase black-oil model are described. The multiscale solution is compared to a uniformly fine spatial mesh and fine timestepping solution to confirm accuracy. Solutions from both Gaussian and channelized permeability fields are presented. In the multiscale solution, we observe temporal refinements being applied to the water and gas saturation fronts by reducing the timestep size to guarantee Newtonian convergence. We also observe that the extent of refinements is balanced between the two saturation fronts based on their respective nonlinearity. For Gaussian permeability fields, the algorithm only treats saturation fronts spatially, whereas for channelized permeability fields, the geological features are also considered. Production profiles for the three phases match well between the two solutions under specific refinement criteria. We also investigate the improvement in computational efficiency, as well as the algorithm scalability in regard to increasing problem sizes. We observe a speedup of approximately 10 for solving the linear system, and such speedup increases as the problem size expands.

In reservoir simulation, schemes that attempt to decouple the diffusion and advection process become less robust as the physics becomes more complex. Our approach, which is focused on handling the high nonlinearities, can be treated fully implicitly and provide a reduction in simulation costs. This approach can also be applied to model order reduction in providing accurate snapshot solutions.

NOTE: This paper is published as part of the 2021 SPE Reservoir Simulation Conference Special Issue.
Identifying Formation Creep: Ultrasonic Bond Logging Field Examples
Authors: Govil Amit , Nevøy Harald , Hovda Lars , Obando Palacio Guillermo A. , Kjeldaas Geir
Published: September 2021

As part of plug and abandonment (P&A) operations, several acceptance criteria need to be considered by operators to qualify barrier elements. In casing annuli, highly bonded material is occasionally found far above the theoretical top of cement. This paper aims to describe how the highly bonded material can be identified using a combination of ultrasonic logging data, validated with measurements in laboratory experiments using reference cells and how this, in combination with data from the well construction records, can contribute to lowering the costly toll of P&A operations.

Ultrasonic and sonic log data were acquired in several wells to assess the bond quality behind multiple casing sizes in an abandonment campaign. Data obtained from pulse-echo and flexural sensors were interactively analyzed with a crossplotting technique to distinguish gas, liquid, barite, cement, and formation in the annular space. Within the methodology used, historical data on each well were considered as an integral part of the analysis. During the original well construction, either water-based mud (WBM) or synthetic oil-based mud (OBM) was used for drilling and cementing operations, and some formation intervals consistently showed high bonding signatures under specific conditions, giving clear evidence of formation creep. Log data from multiple wells confirm that formation behavior is influenced by the type of mud used during well construction.

The log data provided information of annulus material with a detailed map of the axial and azimuthal variations of the annulus contents. In some cases, log response showed a clear indication of formation creep, evidenced by a high bond quality around the production casing where cement cannot be present. Based on observations from multiple fields in the Norwegian continental shelf, a crossplot workflow has been designed to distinguish formation from cement as the potential barrier element. NORSOK Standard D-010 (2013) has initial verification acceptance criteria both for annulus cement and creeping formation as a well barrier element, both involving bond logs; however, in the case of creeping formation, it is more stringent stating that “two independent logging measurements/tools shall be applied.” This paper aims to demonstrate how this can be done with confidence using ultrasonic and sonic log data, validated against reference barrier cells (Govil et al. 2020).

Logging responses like those gathered during full-scale experiments of reference barrier cells with known defects were observed in multiple wells in the field. Understanding the phenomenon of formation creep and its associated casing bond signature could have a massive impact on P&A operations. With a successful qualification of formation as an annulus barrier, significant cost and time savings can be achieved.