bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms driving ocean stratification and mixed layer deepening
Authors: Zeltz Éric
Published: December 2024

This article aims to better understand the links between climate change and the recently observed significant increases in ocean stratification and the deepening of the mixed layer. Using a time series of ocean stratification data, we investigate potential “signals” of interactions with other climatic phenomena. Our findings reveal that the observed temporal patterns in stratification are primarily influenced by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. However, this influence alone does not account for the overall increase in stratification or the deepening of the mixed layer observed since the 1960s. Instead, we demonstrate that these two phenomena are largely driven by the warming of the upper oceanic stratum (UOS). To incorporate these findings, we adapted a climate model developed in 2023, enabling it to account for the identified drivers. The enhanced model generates projections for five key global climate parameters: atmospheric temperature at the ocean level, UOS temperature, ocean cloudiness, ocean stratification, and mixed layer deepening. Our mathematical analysis of the model indicates that the relationships underlying these variables impose a clear growth trend on each of the five parameters, which eventually stabilizes toward finite limits. This stabilization results in values that remain within reasonable bounds, minimizing their impact on the planet and the global ecosystem. Under a comparable scenario, for example, the model predicts an increase of approximately 1℃ in global atmospheric temperature by 2100 – significantly lower than the 2°C increase projected by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
COVID-19 changed our world: A systematic review
Authors: Singh Kuljeet , Chander Pushap Agar , Kaur Gurinderjeet , Bharti Shikha , Jhon Arjumand , Sudershan Srishty , Ahmed Dar Feroze , Ahmad Sheikh Bashir , Bashir Mehraj , Ahmad Najar Showkat , Sudershan Amrit
Published: December 2024

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic profoundly reshaped political, religious, economic, social, and financial institutions across the globe. More than 80 countries imposed border closures, shut down business activities, and advised citizens to self-quarantine. The pandemic also caused schools to close indefinitely, affecting approximately 1.5 billion children worldwide. This study sought to integrate the diverse effects of COVID-19 on varied human interests and offer a comprehensive overview of the effects of the pandemic. A systematic literature review encompassing the period between February 2019 and December 2022 was conducted using Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The search included keywords related to the impact of COVID-19 on health, education, economics, and the environment, and articles were selected based on pre-defined inclusion criteria. The literature review was limited by its specific time frame, potential publication bias, and language restrictions. Nevertheless, the study findings highlight critical areas for prospective policy interventions and recommend that future research endeavors should address the diverse effects of the pandemic across varied sectors. This literature review revealed that COVID-19 exerted far-reaching consequences beyond health, impacting mental and emotional well-being, education, financial and economic stability, social dynamics, business operations, travel and tourism, and the environment. The pandemic introduced a profoundly challenging period of human history, revealing itself as more than just a health crisis: it signified a significant threat to multiple facets of global life. Despite the successful rollout of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 vaccine, an ongoing public debate persists regarding whether COVID-19 will reemerge or eventually wane.
Toward robust and reproducible pluripotent stem cell expansion in bioprinted GelMA constructs
Authors: R Komosa Elizabeth , Lin Wei-Han , M Ogle Brenda
Published: December 2024

Combining the technologies of 3D bioprinting and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has allowed for the creation of tissues with organ-level function in the lab, a promising technique for disease modeling and regenerative medicine. Expanding the stem cells in bioprinted tissues prior to differentiation allows for high cell density which is important for the formation of cell-cell junctions necessary for macroscale function upon differentiation. Yet, stem cell expansion, critical to successful in situ differentiation, depends heavily on the composition of the bioprinted scaffold. Here, we demonstrate how a common bioink component, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), varies depending on the vendor and degree of functionalization. We found that the vendor/GelMA production technique played a greater role in dictating the mechanical properties of the bioprinted constructs than the degree of functionalization, emphasizing the importance of reporting detailed characterization of GelMA scaffolds. Furthermore, the ability of singularized hiPSCs to survive and expand in GelMA scaffolds greatly varied across batches from different vendors and degrees of functionalization, where expansion correlated with the mechanical properties of the scaffold. Yet, we found that using a commercial cloning supplement could restore the ability of single hiPSCs to survive and expand across GelMA types, thus compensating for the varied mechanical properties of the scaffolds. These findings provide a practical guide for the expansion of hiPSCs in GelMA constructs with various mechanical properties as required for successful in situ differentiation.
Painting bio: A vector-based method for precise G-code generation across scales in biofabrication
Authors: Lamberger Zan , Mussoni Camilla , Chicaiza Cabezas Nathaly , Heck Florian , Zwingelberg Sarah , Heilig Sven , Ahmad Taufiq , Groll Jürgen , Lang Gregor
Published: December 2024

This study introduces a standardized approach to generating and assembling G-code for biofabrication, ensuring compatibility and convergence across diverse machines and scales. Using vector-based drawing software, such as Adobe Illustrator, shapes are designed as paths and converted into modular G-code blocks (subroutines). This vector-based approach allows for the straightforward design of complex structures, such as organic shapes, by simply drawing them to scale, avoiding the need for labour-intensive construction. These blocks are assembled into a final script with a modified version of Notepad++ that enhances code segmentation and provides real-time visualization. Unlike many commercial slicers, this method offers precise control over the print path—a critical advantage in biofabrication, where anisotropic structures are essential for directed cell growth and orientation-specific mechanical properties needed in biomimetic tissue design. The method’s versatility is demonstrated across techniques from micro-scale applications, such as melt electrowriting, to macro-scale approaches like bioprinting, freeform printing and in-gel printing. This process streamlines code generation, allowing both simple and complex shapes to be efficiently produced. Although paths are drawn in 2D, stacking layers enables 3D constructs. The method’s standardized, relative G-code format—compatible with most devices—supports easy transfer across machines with clearly marked, machine-specific segments, creating a unified and adaptable codebase for a range of fabrication scales and techniques.
Choice of a country for migrant entrepreneurship
Authors: Koroutchev Rossen
Published: December 2024

In today’s society, entrepreneurial activities are important, as they can create social values and wealth. This study explores entrepreneurial activities across various European countries and proposes a novel approach for its effective measurement. To this end, this study utilizes established indices by the World Bank – the 2020 European Chamber (EuCham) index, and the migrant integration policy index (MIPEX), which focuses on migrant integration. In addition, it introduces a novel index, called the Migrant Entrepreneurship (IMIGRENT) index, to accurately quantify a country’s attractiveness for entrepreneurial activities. These are part of the respective indexes for entrepreneurial activities, such as company registration processes, personal affairs, accommodation, and environmental conditions. A country’s attractiveness for entrepreneurial activities is evaluated based on entrepreneurs’ preferences and diverse needs, as well as immigrants’ citizenship. After comparing the three indices mentioned above, more similar results are obtained for the 2020 EuCham and the IMIGRENT index than MIPEX, attributable to the greater importance given to financial factors in the IMIGRENT and EuCham indexes compared with MIPEX, which prioritizes social and integration-related factors. Notably, the IMIGRENT index reports some important additional values in a comparative analysis of European countries, such as the role of immigrant citizenship, and the country’s legislation, as well as other aspects related to personal affairs, accommodation, social services, or the host country’s weather.
Candida hyphae and healthspan: Hypothesis
Authors: W. Chambers Patrick
Published: December 2024

Candida is traditionally considered an opportunistic pathogen. However, recent research, accelerated by COVID-19, has raised thought-provoking questions about the limitations of this view. Dietary carbohydrates and ethanol have been shown to enable its pathogenic transition. Its hyphae express epitopes that may initiate celiac and Crohn’s diseases. Hyphal mannan is potentially linked to Gq-coupled G-protein coupled receptors. Antibodies to these receptors include chemotactic cytokine receptors, which may mediate the escape of latent Epstein–Barr virus. Candida hyphae induce mast cells to release histamine and tryptase, which are associated with paroxysmal orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, mast cell activation syndrome, and hypermobility spectrum disorder—conditions frequently observed in long COVID (LC). Hyphae are also implicated in periodontitis, a condition linked to and potentially serving as a sentinel risk indicator for cancer, dementia, autoimmune disease, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and chronic diseases in general. Candida yeast and hyphae can produce their own indoleamine dioxygenase (IDO), which antagonizes host IDO, impacting tryptophan metabolism. Altered tryptophan metabolism is observed in cancer, dementia, autoimmune diseases, and LC. Candida overgrowth (CO) also releases candidalysin, a toxin that suppresses competing intestinal bacteria, triggers inflammasomes, and causes hypercitrullination, a process associated with several autoimmune diseases and cancers. In addition, CO produces aspartyl protease, leading to the release of zonulin from intestinal epithelial cells, which increase intestinal and endothelial permeability – hallmarks of autoimmune diseases. Candida-induced acetaldehyde amplifies the harmful effects of a genetic variant, highly prevalent in Americans, linked to cancer, dementia, and autoimmune diseases. The gut microbiome is increasingly recognized as critical to overall health, and hyphae may play a major role in determining its composition. In this review, the roles of cholecalciferol, tryptophan, and magnesium in counteracting the yeast-to-hyphae transition and invasion are explored. The approach presented here is conceptual rather than empirical.
Optimizing FPSO Oil Processing: An Expert System with Genetic Algorithms for Setpoint Control
Authors: Andersands F. Chaves José , da Silva Gabriel F.
Published: December 2024

Increasing the productivity of an offshore oil production unit is a challenge in environments such as the Brazilian pre-salt. Since controlling the oil treatment process is essential for the continuity of the platform and considering that most current units use conventional feedback control, there was a need to optimize the control system for the separation process, well flow control and ballast tank filling to reduce the number and duration of process shutdowns. This article shows how an expert system control logic was designed with closed-loop genetic algorithm optimization to control the production of emerging subsea oil wells in order to maintain continuous supply to the platform’s treatment process and correct disturbances. For this purpose, a genetic algorithm was developed that calculates the best separation condition for the process for each imposed production flow rate and controls the change of the process setpoint to this optimal condition via an expert control system. Several simulations were performed to demonstrate the system’s operation, and it was seen that the productivity of this system was superior to the conventional system in all simulations.
Teacher mathematics in pre-service biology teachers: population growth’ logistic model
Authors: Fernández von Metzen Gretel A. , Parra Verónica , Schuster Jonathan M.
Published: December 2024

This paper describes and analyzes construction’ process and reconstruction of mathematical and non-mathematical knowledge emerged in the study of the logistic model of population growth. This experience was carried out in first year pre-service university biology teacher (PUB) of the Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales (FCEQyN) of the Universidad Nacional de Misiones (Argentine) in Mathematics course. This study is part of design and implementation of a didactic device called study and research paths (SRP). This device is framed in anthropological theory of didactics (ATD), which aims to overcome phenomenon called monumentalization of knowledge, and contribute to paradigm’s change at way of mathematics’ teaching. The aim of this experience is to transcend traditional approach where the teacher explains and students repeat mechanized techniques. So far, results obtained are encouraging, since this way mathematics’ study has given back a sense and usefulness to mathematics studied by Biology teacher training program.
Survei tingkat pengetahuan siswa ekstrakurikuler olahraga futsal sman 7 tambun selatan terhadap penanganan cedera ankle
Authors: Setiawan Muhammad Arief , Aulia Dany , Nurhadi Maha Dewi Afifah , Muhammad Rizky Muhammad Rizky , Alghifary Fathan Zuffar
Published: December 2024

Jenis metode penelitian ini deskriptif kuantitatif. Bertujuan untuk memahami tingkat pengetahuan siswa ekstrakurikuler olahraga futsal SMAN 7 Tambun Selatan terhadap penanganan cedera pergelangan kaki. Populasi utama yang digunakan adalah 22 tim atlet futsal, sampel yang dimasukkan dalam penelitian adalah 11 tim atlet futsal. Diantaranya karakteristik variable jenis kelamin dominan putra 100%, sedangkan usia dominan remaja (15-19 tahun). Teknik pengambilan data penelitian ini survei berupa kuesioner yang disebarkan melalui google form. Dalam pengisian tersebut terdapat 38 butir pernyataan dalam kuesioner, 18 pernyataan negatif dan 20 pernyataan positif. Dengan jawaban dari pernyataan tersebut menggunakan skala Guttman yaitu “ya” atau “tidak”. Hasil dalam penelitian ini telah diuji coba validitas dan realiable pada peneliti sebelumnya. Kesimpulan dari penelitian untuk memberikan pengetahuan siswa ekstrakurikuler futsal mengenai penanganan cedera pergelangan kaki dalam meminimalkan risiko cedera. Sehingga memberikan sebuah pandangan pentingnya tentang hubungan antara pengetahuan siswa serta efektivitas penanganan cedera dalam mencegah cedera ankle pada olahraga futsal.
SURVEY DAYA LEDAK OTOT TUNGKAI PADA KECEPATAN 50 METER SURFACE ATLET FINSWIMMING LOTUS AQUATIC CLUB KOTA BATU
Authors: Alvionita Presila Dwiky , Widiawati Prisca
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi karena penelitian tentang cabang olahraga finswimming yang menyangkut aspek daya ledak otot tungkai pada kecepatan 50 meter surface masih sedikit. Penelitian ini memiliki fokus Bagaimana Hubungan Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai Pada Kecepatan 50 Meter Surface Atlet Finswimming Lotus Aquatic Club  Kota Batu, oleh karena itu peneliti ingin mengetahui lebih dalam tentang seberapa jauh jarak yang dihasilkan daya ledak otot tungkai atlet pada kecepatan 50 meter surface. Sebanyak 5 atlet mendapatkan hasil loncatan yang kurang baik dan sebanyak 15 mendapatkan hasil loncatan yang cukup baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan daya ledak otot tungkai pada kecepatan 50 meter surface atlet Finswimming Atlet Lotus Aquatic Club Kota Batu. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Atlet finswimming Lotus Aquatic Club Kota Batu pada bulan juni 2024. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian non eksperimen menggunakan rancangan penelitian korelasional yang bertujuan untuk menghubungkan variable bebas dengan variable terikat. Digunakan total 20 atlet yang berusia 16 tahun – 20 tahun, dengan jumlah 12 atlet laki-laki dan 8 atlet perempuan. Daya ledak otot tungkai diukur dengan standing board jump dan kecepatan 50 meter surface diukur dengan dihitung waktu dengan satuan second (s). Pengolahan data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Uji normalitas menggunakan Saphiro-Wilk dikarenakan subjek termasuk kecil (50). Hubungan daya ledak otot tungkai dengan kecepatan dilakukan menggunakan metode pearson correlation.  Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikansi 0,0010,05 pada atlet laki-laki, sedangkan pada atlet Perempuan adalah 0,0020,05 yang menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kedua variable tersebut dengan nilai Pearson Corelation sebesar -0,840 pada laki-laki dan -0,940 pada perempuan. Kesimpulannya adalah bahwa tedapat korelasi yang sangat kuat dengan arah korelasi negatif antara daya ledak otot tungakai pada kecepatan 50 meter surface, dengan kata lain semakin besar daya ledak otot tungkai seorang atlet, semakin cepat mereka menempuh 50 meter surface.
PROFIL WASIT BOLA VOLI DI KABUPATEN GARUT
Authors: Agista Agista , Kosasih Alam Hadi , Arifin Zainal , Sonjaya Azhar Ramadhana
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menggambarkan profil wasit bola voli di Kabupaten Garut dengan fokus pada kecemasan, pengetahuan, dan kinerja mereka. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan pengumpulan data melalui angket yang diisi oleh wasit bola voli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan merupakan faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kinerja wasit. Wasit dengan pengetahuan tinggi cenderung memiliki kinerja yang baik, meskipun tingkat kecemasan mereka bervariasi. Beberapa wasit, seperti Abdul dan Hadi, menunjukkan bahwa kecemasan yang dikelola dengan baik dapat mendorong kinerja yang sangat baik. Namun, wasit lain seperti Silvia dan Atlam mengalami penurunan kinerja saat kecemasan meningkat, meskipun memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup.Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata skor kinerja wasit adalah 83,3, dengan simpangan baku sebesar 12,346. Rata-rata skor pengetahuan wasit adalah 82,72 dengan simpangan baku sebesar 8,634, dan rata-rata skor kecemasan adalah 73,8 dengan simpangan baku sebesar 7,671. Uji korelasi antara hasil angket dan penilaian R4 tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan, yang mengindikasikan bahwa hasil angket tidak selalu mencerminkan kinerja wasit selama pertandingan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penggunaan metode evaluasi yang lebih komprehensif untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang lebih akurat tentang kinerja wasit.
Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Gamification Fun Thinkers Movement Terhadap Physical Fitness dan Critical Thinking Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Darmawan Arief , Novita Sari Zihan , Adi Saputra Surya , Priyohutomo Ahadi , Putri Hariyoko Vania
Published: December 2024

Physical fitness merupakan peran yang diperlukan oleh para peserta didik untuk memberikan kegiatan dengan baik dalam maupuan luar sekolah, tingkat physical fitness siswa di sekolah dasar, menunjukan adanya presentase 45,83 %, dengan kategori sedang, 37,50 % dengan kategori kurang dengan, 8,33% dengan kategori baik dan 8,33% dalam kategori kurang sekali, hal ini menjelaskan bahwa tingkat physical fitness pada siswa sekolah dasar masih dalam kategori sedang hingga rendah, selain itu media pembelajaran pada materi kebugaran jasmani masih belum sepenuhnya terintegrasi pada aktivitas fisik yang menyenangkan dan menumbuhkan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh media pembelajaran gamification fun thinkers movement terhadap kebugaran jasmani dan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah eksperimen one group pretest dan post test design, sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari 28 siswa kelas 5 di sekolah dasar. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pengaruh yang signifikan antara media pembelajaran gamification fun thinkers movement terhadap physical fitnees dan keterampilan critical thinking.
PENINGKATAN GERAK DASAR LOKOMOTOR PADA KEARIFAN LOKAL MELALUI “BERMAIN ENGKLEK” USIA 6-7 TAHUN
Authors: Pratiwi Endang , Barikah Amalia , Kasanrawali Andi , Anggara Norma , Asri Novri , - Hariadi
Published: December 2024

Keterampilan gerak merupakan kemampuan yang harus dimiliki oleh peserta didik sebagai bekal menjalani kehidupan sehari- hari. Mata pelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani adalah salah satu mata pelajaran yang wajib diajarkan di Sekolah Dasar dan memiliki ciri menekankan pada aspek psikomotor. Perbedaan tersebut meliputi tujuan, media yang ingin digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil pembelajaran gerak dasar lokomotor dengan pemberian metode bermain permainan tradisional engklek kepada SD Negeri 4 Loktabat Utara Banjarbaru. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif, metode penelitian kuantitatif adalah metode penelitian yang berlandaskan pada filsafat positivisme, digunakan dengan populasi 40 siswa yang berada di kelas 1 SD. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Penelitian Tindakan (action research). Kegiatan penelitian terlaksana dengan 1 siklus dan pemberian treatment langsung oleh peneliti Bersama guru. Adanya pemberian treatment permainan tradisional dengan bermain engklek menghasilkan peningkatan terhadap gerak dasar lokomotor anak usia 6-7 tahun pada pembelajaran Pendidikan jasmani olahraga Kesehatan (PJOK).
Pengembangan Alat Bantu Latihan Rings Senam Artistik Putra Persani Jambi
Authors: Tarigan Bintangta , Muzaffar Ahmad , Saputra Adhe , Widowati Atri
Published: December 2024

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengembangkan alat bantu latihan senam artistik putra yang akan membantu pelatih dan atlet PERSANI Jambi dalam latihan mereka. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian RD. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah mix method (kuantitatif dan kualitatif). Jumlah populasi dari seluruh atlet senam artistik persani jambi berjumlah 20 atlet maka sampel yang digunakan seluruh populasi dengan membagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu: kelompok kecil dan kelompok besar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alat bantu ini bernilai sangat baik dan layak untuk digunakan. Prosedur utama dalam penelitian dan pengembangan ini terdiri dari 10 langkah, yaitu: 1) Research and information gathering, 2) Planning, 3) Develop Preliminary Form Of Product, 4) Preliminary Field Testing, 5) Operational Field Testing, 6) Operational Product Revision, 7) Main Field Testing, 8) Main Product Revision, 9) Final Product Revision, Dan 10) Dissemination And Implementation. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk model pengembangan alat rings untuk cabang olahraga senam artistik putra dapat digunakan untuk (1) meningkatkan keterampilan gerak pada alat rings bagi atlet senam tingkat junior dan senior; (2) Sebagai sarana latihan bagi atlet senam artistik putra tingkat pemula, junior dan senior.
Virtual Space in Smart Cities as a Public Space Does virtual space impact urban planning?
Authors:   Polis University, LEZZERINI Luca , Shehu Dhurata
Published: December 2024

Due to the intensive use of ICT technology, Smart Cities are based on a huge volume of data that
are exchanged between machines, between humans and between humans and machines. This
enormous set of data, interactions and people generate a virtual world, often referred to today as
cyberspace, that seems to be far away from physical reality.
In this paper, this virtual world is explored to answer two questions: is this world a public space?
Do urban planners have to consider it in their plans?
The paper examines the virtual world from the point of view of qualities that identify the public
space, checking for each of them if the minimal conditions are met to consider the virtual world a
space and then, a public space, in the sense given by architecture and urban planning.
Resulted in it is a public space, further analysis is done to evidence the need for new urban planning
techniques to consider it as a part of a new kind of urban space, made by both the physical and
virtual spaces.
On a Model for Solving Mixed Fractional Integro Differential Equation
Authors: Jan Azhar Rashad
Published: December 2024

In this work, the mixed fractional integro differential equation (MfrIo-DE) of the second kind, under certain condition is considered, in the space L2(−1, 1)× C [0, T]; T < 1 T is the time. The position kernel k (|x−y|) of IE has a singularity. After integrating and using the properties of fractional integral, we have a MIE in position and time, where the kernel of position takes the singular form k (|x−y|), and the kernel of time takes the singular Abel form (t −τ)α−1 , 0 < α < 1. Then, using separation of variable method, under certain substitution, we obtain FIE in position, with variable fractional coefficients in time. Using the Toeplitz matrix method (TMM), we have a nonlinear algebraic system (NAS). Moreover, numerical results are obtained and discussed, especially when 0 < α < 1. Also, the solutions of the mixed equation are considered when α = 0, α = 1. Finally, the error estimate, in each case, is computed.
Influence of Product Design Decisions on Gastronomic Experiences in Selected Coffee Growing Farms of Central Kenya
Authors: Murithi Purity Kanyua Kanyua , Muriuki Lemmy Mureti , Osiako Peter Onyonje , Rithaa Jafford Njeru
Published: December 2024

based on the tourist’s data, Categorical regression was used to decipher the relationship between three product design decisions (branding, packaging and cost), and gastronomic experiences in coffee growing areas of central Kenya region. The model fit was robust with values of (R2= 911, F= 171.484, p= 0.000). Out of three product initiatives branding (B=0.835, df=3, F= 118.955, P= 0.000) and packaging (B=0.205, df=2, F= 3.694, p = 0.000) emerged significant. Categorical regression was further used to determine the major coefficients in the independent list (a factor that explained the product design decisions). The model fit was robust (R2 change= 0.970, F= 723. 669, p= 0.00) showing that it could represent more than 97% of the relationship sought by the researcher. All the coefficient variables were significant. The pricing factor was not significant (B=0.027, df=1, 0.272, p = 0.603. Considering the three-factor items for this factor (branding, packaging, and pricing) it is only the price (cost) item that did not significantly influence the gastronomic experience of tourists. This outcome indicates that product design decisions to a large extent significantly influence the gastronomic experience of tourists visiting the central Kenya region. The way coffee tourism is packaged and branded directly relates to the way the tourists will experience it. Policymakers in the county and national government should consider developing a strong coffee brand identity in order to build strong relationships with customers’ gastronomic experiences in coffee farms which in return could encourage repeat visits by tourists in coffee farms
Umahuluti wa Utamaduni katika Nyimbo za Harusi Miongoni mwa Wanandi
Authors: Koech Jenniffer Chepleting
Published: December 2024

Suala la umahuluti wa utamaduni katika nyimbo za wasanii maarufu nchini Kenya huibua hisia mseto. Kuna kundi linalokaribisha mabadiliko hayo ilhali wanaoshikilia utamaduni wa jadi, wanahofu kuwa utamaduni wao wa jadi huenda ukatoweka kwa kuiga ule wa Wakoloni. Hata hivyo, umahuluti wa utamaduni huwafanya Watawaliwa kuhifadhi utamaduni wao asili kwani wasanii huteua vipengele vigeni kwa uangalifu huku wakihakikisha kuwa utamaduni asili haupotei. Utafiti huu ulikusudia kubainisha vipengele vya jadi katika nyimbo za harusi zinazochezwa kwenye runinga ya Kass. Msuko wa utafiti huu ulikuwa wa kimaelezo ambapo data ya kithamano ilikusanywa na kuhakikiwa. Nadharia ambayo iliongoza utafiti huu ni ya ubaada ukoloni; ambapo mwasisi mkuu ni Homi Bhabha. Mtafiti alipata data yake kupitia usaili na utazamaji wa vipindi vya Tumdo katika runinga ya Kass. Jumla ya wahojiwa wanane walisailiwa kutoka kata ya Chepsaita, eneo la kaunti ndogo ya Turbo kwenye kaunti ya Uasin-Gishu. Idadi kubwa ya wakazi wa Uasin-Gishu ni Wanandi ambao walihamia eneo hilo kutoka kaunti ya Nandi; kwa hivyo wameingiliana na jamii zingine za hapa nchini na kimataifa. Uteuzi wa wahojiwa hawa ulikuwa ule unaoruhusu idadi ya wahojiwa kuongezeka kadri utafiti ulipoendelea. Mihimili iliyoteuliwa kwenye nadharia ya ubaada ukoloni ilimwongoza mtafiti kubainisha vipengele vya jadi katika nyimbo teule za harusi miongoni mwa Wanandi. Hatimaye data iliyokusanywa iliwasilishwa kupitia maelezo ya kifafanuzi na mifano. Matokeo ya utafiti huu ni kuwa; nyimbo za harusi miongoni mwa Wanandi kwenye runinga ya Kass zina vipengele vingi vya utamaduni wa jadi katika jamii ya Wanandi. Vilevile, nyimbo hizo zina baadhi ya vipengele vigeni hasa vinavyochangiwa na teknolojia na mwingiliano baina ya Wanandi na jamii zingine. Ujitokezaji wa vipengele vya jadi katika nyimbo za harusi miongoni mwa Wanandi ni ishara ya kupinga athari za kikoloni katika utamaduni wa mwafrika. Hali hii husababisha umahuluti. Utafiti huu ni muhimu kwa taaluma ya fasihi simulizi na vyombo vya habari hasa kwa wale wataalamu watakaotaka kufanya utafiti kuhusu vipengele vya utamaduni wa katika nyimbo za harusi kwenye jamii za Kiafrika
The Evolving Profession of Competitive Intelligence -- Evidence from Online Job Posts
Authors: Hance Linnaea , Tao Qingjiu (Tom)
Published: December 2024

Over the past 40 years, the competitive intelligence (CI) field has evolved along with technology and market dynamics. Revisiting Dr. Craig Fleisher’s (2008) analysis of CI's legitimacy, this study explores the current and future state of the profession. Analyzing data from a comprehensive job postings dataset, the research uncovers significant growth in CI roles, with job postings nearly doubling from 2010 to 2020. Key insights reveal increased demand for data science and machine learning skills and highlight industries like healthcare, pharmaceuticals, and tech as leading employers. Contrary to perceptions of a shrinking field, our findings show a steady increase in CI job opportunities and provide a detailed profile of ideal CI candidates as well as a landscape of the CI job market.
Kontroles konstrukcijas ar daļēji lokāmo divdabi un nelokāmo divdabi -ot(ies) latviešu valodā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte. Latviešu valodas institūts, Jansone Laura Paula
Published: December 2024

The aim of the article is to examine control constructions with a semi-declinable participle and an indeclinable participle with -ot(ies) in Latvian. The sentences for the analysis were searched in the media and the Balanced Corpus of Modern Latvian (LVK2022).
Although participles and their syntactic constructions and functions in sentences have been previously studied from the point of view of syntax (Freimane 1985, Kalnača, Lokmane 2018), semantics (Lokmane 2000, 2006), and language culture (Freimane 1993), they are widely used in modern Latvian, and the semi-declinable participle and the indeclinable participle with -ot(ies) are semantically similar and can be used synonymously, but both are not equally common in modern language (see Lokmane 2006).
The descriptive method is used to describe and analyse the constructions formed by the participle. The method of substitution is also used to analyse and compare examples.
The article shows that both the semi-declinable participle and the indeclinable participle with -ot(ies) occur in sentences where the subject of the sentence is the controller.
It is concluded that in cases where the controller is another member of the sentence or is not syntactically realised, only the indeclinable participle with -ot(ies) occurs; in such cases, the grammatical requirements of gender and number are not realised for the semi-declinable participle. This indicates a wider use of the indeclinable participle.
Natural Compounds in Pinus pinaster Needles Essential Oil as an Antibacterial Agent: In Vitro and in Silico Studies
Authors: Bedouh Yazid , Hamoud Fares , Belhadj Hani , Bennais Ismail , Belatel Radjaa , Belhaouam Anfel
Published: December 2024

Recently, there has been growing interest in the antimicrobial potential of natural compounds found in essential oils (EOs). In this study, the antibacterial activity of Pinus pinaster essential oil (EO) was assessed against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial species using the microdilution method in microplates. Additionally, 18 natural compounds from this EO were evaluated through molecular docking for their inhibitory properties on PBP1, PBP2, and PBP3—crucial enzymes in the development of novel antibiotics. The DFT properties, drug-likeness, and ADMET predictions of these compounds were also investigated. The results demonstrated moderate antibacterial activity of P. pinaster EO against all tested bacterial strains, with inhibition zones ranging from 11 to 16 mm. Molecular docking studies indicated that Terpinen-7-al was the most potent compound, binding to the highest number of amino acids within the active sites of the target enzymes, as suggested by the native ligand of each enzyme. Furthermore, the DFT study, along with ADMET and drug-likeness analysis, identified Terpinen-7-al as the most promising compound. Therefore, P. pinaster EO could serve as a significant source of natural molecules with promising antibacterial properties, particularly Terpinen-7-al, which has the potential for development into an antibiotic treatment.
Fragility Analysis of Pangasinan State University Urdaneta City Campus Buildings
Authors: Maningding Ruth Ann D. , Baldo Jan Nicholas S.
Published: December 2024

The Philippines is a seismically susceptible region because of its unique geographical location within the Pacific Ring of Fire. Over the years, the Philippines has had several destructive earthquakes that have caused building collapses and numerous fatalities. Schools are particularly vulnerable to earthquakes because most were built using outdated building rules that do not comply with current seismic design criteria. The age of PSU buildings, which ranges from 10 to 40 years, may increase their vulnerability to seismic hazards. Buildings designed with the old codes might lack the necessary reinforcement and structural elements to withstand the forces generated by an earthquake, potentially leading to catastrophic failures and endangering the lives of students, faculty, and other occupants. Moreover, the San Manuel Fault Line near PSU buildings in Urdaneta City, Pangasinan, heightens the risk of a significant seismic event affecting these structures. Given the critical role that schools play in communities, both in providing education and serving as essential facilities during and after disasters, assessing their seismic vulnerability becomes crucial. So far, no research has been conducted to evaluate the PSU building’s vulnerability to seismic activity in the event of a significant earthquake. In line with this, this study aimed to perform a seismic fragility analysis of PSU buildings in Urdaneta City, Pangasinan, Philippines, to determine how susceptible they were to earthquakes. This study applies preliminary assessment using Rapid Visual Screening of FEMA P-154 to filter out which buildings need further evaluation and detailed assessment using fragility analysis. The screened buildings are evaluated using fragility curves to assess if the building could endure an earthquake with a 0.4 g PGA and a 10% probability of exceedance, following the National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP) requirements for seismic zone 4. The structural model of PSU buildings was created using SAP 2000, and the non-linear static analysis, specifically the ATC40 Capacity Spectrum Method, was performed to determine the data required to develop the fragility curves. The results demonstrate that the seismic scores of Engineering Buildings 1, 2, and 3 are below the RVS FEMA P-154 standard of 2.0, indicating that further investigation is required to evaluate their vulnerability thoroughly. Additionally, these buildings were observed to withstand a maximum peak ground acceleration of 0.60 g PGA at a 10% probability of exceedance based on the developed fragility curves, corresponding to earthquake intensity up to VIII, indicating "severe shaking.” Furthermore, analysis of the fragility curves demonstrates that none of the structures exceed the 10% probability of exceedance at 0.4 g PGA, aligning with NSCP standards for Seismic Zone 4. As a result, these buildings are considered safe for occupancy without requiring retrofitting measures.
THE PRINCIPLES OF BUILDING A PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC STATE ACCORDING TO PRESIDENT HO CHI MINH DURING THE WAR OF RESISTANCE AGAINST FRENCH COLONIALISM (1945–1954)
Authors: Nguyen Dinh Le
Published: December 2024

Over 15 years (1930–1945), under the leadership of the Party, the Vietnamese nation overcame numerous challenges to seize power in the 1945 August Revolution and establish the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. In this article, the author synthesizes and systematizes materials, studies, evaluates, and draws out some fundamental principles that the Party and President Ho Chi Minh applied in the process of building a state of the people, laying the foundation for the long-term revolutionary cause of the Vietnamese people. Vietnam has favorable conditions for comprehensive national development in the context of renewal and deep international integration. However, difficulties and challenges persist, external forces oppose the state-building efforts, and the degeneration and corruption of some officials and Party members have significantly affected the leadership role and credibility of the Party and government. Therefore, understanding the principles in building and organizing the government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam under the direct leadership of President Ho Chi Minh during the First Resistance War (1945–1954) is certainly of practical significance, providing further experience for the construction and organization of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, a state of the people, by the people, and for the people in the current context of national development.
CUSTOMER RETENTION STRATEGIES FOR THE TEA INDUSTRY IN SRI LANKA
Authors: BISHRI TEHZEEB
Published: December 2024

The Sri Lankan tea industry faces intensified challenges in customer retention, with high churn rates and a declining customer base exacerbated by economic volatility, supply limitations, and rising production costs. This research investigates factors influencing customer retention (CR) for a prominent Sri Lankan tea exporter, referred to as "The Company." With a primary export market spanning 36 countries, "The Company" contends with a high 35.9% churn rate, significantly above the industry average of 16.4%, risking long-term sustainability. A comprehensive review of customer satisfaction (CS), switching costs, price perception, and perceived service quality (PSQ) provides a framework for analyzing CR in Sri Lanka's competitive tea market. Utilizing insights from relationship marketing theory (RMT) and SERVQUAL, the study highlights how CS, fair pricing, and ethical practices drive loyalty and repurchase intent in the business-to-business (B2B) and consumer (B2C) tea sectors. This study also addresses a literature gap by examining CR specifically within the tea industry, distinguishing it from other sectors previously studied. Findings are anticipated to offer "The Company" and similar entities strategic directions for bolstering customer loyalty, with implications for maintaining competitive advantage through customer-centric improvements tailored to industry-specific dynamics.
SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS OF THE IVORIAN ELECTRICITY COMPANY (CIE) AMONG DISSATISFIED POPULATIONS: A SOCIOPSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS IN YOPOUGON (ABIDJAN)
Authors: FÉLICIEN KOUAME KOUAKOU , FABRICE DIGBEU ALAIN
Published: December 2024

The present study aims to determine the structuring elements of social representations of the Ivorian Electricity Company among populations in Côte d'Ivoire, particularly in Yopougon, in the economic capital Abidjan. For this purpose, a sample of 250 male and female participants from the said locality is constituted using the stratified random sampling technique. These participants are subjected to the evocation questionnaire and the characterization test of Abic (1994) using the structural approach to social representations. Analysis of the data using évoc2005 and simi2005 reveals a largely negative perception of the CIE, dominated by notions of high cost, injustice and abuse. Variations between groups show how social representations are structured differently depending on experiences and specific socio-economic contexts. These elements therefore belong to the central core of these representations both at the level of the overall sample and at the level of the different categories.
RETHINKING THE USE OF SANCTIONS BY UNITED NATIONS AND STATE BEHAVIOUR: IMPLICATIONS FOR PEACE AND DEVELOPMENT
Authors: OKONKWO NNAMDI , EZE PRINCE
Published: December 2024

In the international system, sanctions are often used to enforce global norms, deter aggression, and influence policy changes. Against this backdrop, this study using secondary data and dependency theory as a theoretical framework explored the complex effects of United Nations sanctions and state behaviour and its implications for peace and development, revealing both the potential benefits and unintended harms. The findings of the study showed how sanctions disrupt access to essential goods, healthcare, and education, leading to severe humanitarian crises in countries like Venezuela, Iran, and North Korea. The study also shows how economic sanctions stifle development by restricting access to global markets, technologies, and investment, perpetuating poverty and limiting long-term economic growth. In response to these challenges, the study recommends rethinking the design of sanctions and shifting focus from economy-wide sanctions to targeted measures that specifically impact political and economic elites, thereby minimizing harm to ordinary citizens. Additionally, integrating developmental aid with sanctions regimes can alleviate the negative impacts on vulnerable populations, ensuring access to basic services while maintaining diplomatic pressure.
SUSTAINABLE REVENUE GENERATION BY KANO STATE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE
Authors: HALADU ALHASSAN , YUSUF ABDULMALIK , ABDULLAHI MUSTAPHA , LAWAL SAGIR
Published: December 2024

Sustainable revenue generation entails the procedures, principles and strategies implemented by tax authorities not only to achieve effective tax planning and maximization of government revenue but to also focus on active revenue by building a strong administrative pillar which future tax administrators could use to foster revenue generation. This paper’s aim is to determine whether any effective and efficient relationship exists between the administration of internally generated revenue and its sustainability by the Kano State Internal Revenue Service (KSIRS). About three hundred (300) questionnaires were administered to administrative staff of the KSIRS and sampled tax payers in the State. The data collected analyzed the relationship between tax administration and sustainable revenue generation through regression. The result disclosed that there exists a positive and highly significant relationship between tax administration and revenue sustainability in Kano State. For the effectiveness of revenue generation, the conclusion is that based on current logistics at the hands of the KSIRS, revenue sustainability is ineffective. The paper therefore calls on the State and tax authorities to embark on a more efficient, effective and transparent means to not only improve but to also maintain a supportable flow of internally generated revenue in the Kano State.
LANGUAGE POLICY DISTURBANCES, A DETERMINING FACTOR IN THE SHIFT TOWARDS LAW FACULTIES OVER SCIENCE EDUCATION
Authors: MOHAMMED BOULGHALAGH , MOHAMED SADKAOUI
Published: December 2024

This research focuses on the study of the impact of educational language policy disruptions in Morocco, putting the light on the possible reasons that made students with baccalaureates in science fields change their academic orientation to study law in Arabic at universities. It is based on the results exploited from a defined questionnaire containing questions judged useful that could help us examine our subject from several perspectives, including teachers, university students of Law in Arabic classes and students at The High School of Technology as a higher institution providing scientific subjects. This research reveals a significant issue with Moroccan scientific education, resulting from a lack of clear language policy, decision-making improvisation, and lack of participatory democracy. The failure of Arabization projects, influenced by France's colonial past, has led to students abandoning science for law studies in Arabic, causing dissatisfaction and uncertainty. Ultimately, a clear linguistic planning policy in education is crucial for facilitating learning, ensuring consistency, and standardizing assessment methods and resources, ultimately leading to student success and development.
Örneklerle Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri
Authors: Balcı Şükrü , Arık Bilal , Arık Emel , Büyükyılmaz Ozan , Gürbüz Salih , Aydın Bayram Oğuz , Karakoç Enderhan , Uçar Mehmet , Kavut Sevgi , Yılmaz Mesut , Dulkadir Ömer , Yaman Fatma Sena , Ekmekçi Nida , Dilek Ebru , Gür Durmuş , İnci Ülkü Hayriye , Aşlakcı Faruk , Atay Tülay , Ilgaz Büyükbaykal Ayşe Ceyda , Sönmezer Zuhal , Arık M. Bilal , Küçük Olgun , Aydemir Sibel
Published: December 2024

Bilim Felsefesi ve Araştırma
Şükrü BALCI
Mevlüt Can KOÇAK
Bilimsel Araştırma Tasarımı
Bilal ARIK
Emel ARIK
Sosyal Bilimlerde Nicel Araştırma Yöntemleri
Ozan BÜYÜKYILMAZ
Etkili Anket Hazırlama
Salih GÜRBÜZ
Bayram Oğuz AYDIN
Enderhan KARAKOÇ
Örnekler Üzerinden Sosyal Bilimlerde SPSS ve Veri Analizi
Mehmet UÇAR
Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri
Sevgi KAVUT
Nicel ve Nitel Araştırmalarda Örneklem Belirleme
Mesut YILMAZ
Nitel Araştırmalarda Amaçlı Çalışma Grubu Türleri
Ömer DULKADİR
Nicel ve Nitel Araştırmalarda Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlik
Mehmet UÇAR
Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Raporu Yazma
Fatma Sena YAMAN
Sosyal Bilimlerde Karma Yöntemler Araştırması
Mesut YILMAZ
Sosyal Bilimlerde Sözlü Tarih Çalışmaları
Mustafa İNCE
Nida EKMEKÇİ
Ebru DİLEK
Sözlü Tarih Çalışmaları: Safranbolu 69. Alay Yunmalık Evi
Durmuş GÜR
Sosyal Bilimlerde Söylem Analizi
Ülkü Hayriye İNCİ
Eleştirel Söylem Çözümlemesi
Faruk AŞLAKCI
Medya Çalışmalarında Etnografi - Budunbetim (Etnometodoloji) Kullanımı
Tülay ATAY
Sosyal Bilimlerde Göstergebilimsel Analiz Yöntemi
Ayşe Ceyda ILGAZ BÜYÜKBAYKAL
Zuhal SÖNMEZER
Kültürel Çalışmalar Ekolünün İletişim Araştırmalarına Etkisi
Bilal ARIK
Emel ARIK
Kültürel Çalışmalar ve Alımlama Analizi
Olgun KÜÇÜK
Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitsizliğine Halk Sağlığı Açısından Bakış: “Aile Arasında” Filmi Alımlama Analizi
Sibel AYDEMİR