bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of contact lens use in a South African adolescent population
Authors: Khoza Nduduzo , Moodley Therisha , Sokhulu Sinenhlanhla , O Sotyana Ntombethemba , Suliman Aneesa , Hansraj Rekha , Van Staden Diane
Published: September 2020

Background: Contact lens usage is becoming increasingly popular amongst young people. Assessing their knowledge, attitudes and practices in relation to contact lens wear is therefore important, so that gaps in understanding or incorrect practices can be rectified to promote continued safety and success of contact lens wear.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess and describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices of contact lens wearers aged 18 to 30 years, in the greater Durban area of South Africa.

Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practice of the participants.

Results: Two hundred and forty six participants completed the survey. Young contact lens wearers in this sample generally had poor knowledge with regards to appropriate hygiene and contact lens wear complications. Despite wearers exhibiting a positive attitude with satisfactory hand hygiene and lens cleaning practices, important aspects such as lens case hygiene, storage and lens removal practices were found to be unsatisfactory. Compliance with after-care visits was also unsatisfactory.

Conclusion: There is a need for contact lens practitioners to educate young contact lens wearers regarding appropriate contact lens-related care, to promote long term ocular health and contact lens-related safety.

Keywords: Contact lens use; adolescent population; South Africa.
Prevalence, risk-inducing lifestyle, and perceived susceptibility to kidney diseases by gender among Nigerians residents in South Western Nigeria
Authors: Ewomazino Akokuwebe Monica , Odimegwu Clifford , Omololu Femi
Published: September 2020

Background: Kidney disease (KD) is increasingly recognized as a major public health problem worldwide with rising inci- dence and prevalence. Early identification of KD risk factors will slow down progression to kidney failure and death.

Objective: To determine the prevalence, risk-inducing lifestyle and perceived susceptibility among Nigerians in South-west- ern Nigeria.

Methods: A pretested structured questionnaire was employed to draw information on socio-demographic, knowledge, risk-inducing lifestyle and perceived susceptibility to conventional risk factors of KD from 1757 residents aged ≥15 years.

Results: The mean age of the respondents was 47.61±13.0 years with a male-female ratio of 1.13:1. Knowledge of KD was low (mean score 2.29; 95% CI: 2.18, 2.32). The prevalence of some established KD risk factors was regular use of herbal medications, 26.8% and physical inactivity, 70.0%. Females with factors such as use of herbal drink [RRR: 1.56; CI=1.06- 2.30; p=0.02] and smoking [RRR: 2.72; CI=1.37-5.37; p=0.00] predicted increased odds of perceived susceptibility to KD than their male counterparts.

Conclusion: The prevalence of KD risk-inducing lifestyles was high. More emphasis should be placed on effective public health programmes towards behavioural change in order to adopt lifestyle modification as well as to reduce the tendency to develop KD.

Keywords: Kidney disease; risk-inducing lifestyles; perceived susceptibility.
Weight reduction improves immune system and inflammatory cytokines in obese asthmatic patients
Authors: M Al-Sharif Fadwah , M Abd El-Kader Shehab , A Neamatallah Ziyad , M AlKhateeb Afnan
Published: September 2020

Background: Activation of immunological and systemic inflammation markers are common in obesity and asthma.

Objective: The target of this study was to assess impact of weight reduction on immunological and systemic inflammation markers in obese asthma patients.

Material and methods: Eighty asthmatic patients of both sex; their age and body mass index (BMI) mean were 38.72 ± 7.14 year and 32.65 ± 3.18 Kg/m2 respectively. Exclusion criteria included smokers, infections, vaccinations, cancer, surgery, immune system disorders and medications that may influence immune system function as anti-inflammatory medications, analgesics and anti-depressant. All subjects were randomly enrolled in weight reduction group (group A) or control group (group B).

Results: The main findings in the present study indicated that weight reducing program in group (A) was associated with significant reduction in the mean values of IL6, TNF-α, and IL8 in addition to significant increase in the mean values of CD4 and CD8 cell count . However, findings of group (B) showed no significant changes. Moreover, Comparison between both groups at the end of the study revealed significant differences.

Conclusion: Weight reduction improved immunological and systemic inflammation markers in obese asthma patients.

Keywords: Bronchial asthma; cytokines; obesity; immune system; weight reduction.
Prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus co-infection in HIV positive patients attending a health institution in southeast Nigeria
Authors: Dorothy Nnakenyi Ifeyinwa , Uchechukwu Chisom , Nto-ezimah Uloaku
Published: September 2020

Background: The health of people living with HIV/AIDS becomes progressively worse when co-infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), resulting in shortened life span. The modes of transmission of HIV, HBV and HCV are similar.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV co-infection in HIV patients.

Method: This was a retrospective study of serology test results for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV) of HIV positive patients registered from 2008-2013 (6years) at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospi- tal. Adult patients with confirmed HIV seropositivity were included. Ethical approval was obtained and confidentiality of the patient information was maintained. Laboratory records were reviewed to obtain HBsAg, anti-HCV, and CD4 T-lymphocyte results. Prevalence was determined by the number of positive results over total number of patients tested. Chi-square test was used to determine relationships and p<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results: 4663 HIV patient records were included comprising 3024 (65%) females and 1639 (35%) males. Serology results showed 365/4663 (7.8%) tested HBsAg-positive only; 219/4663 (4.7%) tested anti-HCV-positive only; and 27/4663 (0.58%) tested both HBsAg and anti-HCV-positive. Correlation of age and sex were statistically significant with HBV and HCV (p<0.05) but not CD4 count (p>0.05).

Conclusion: HBV co-infection was more prevalent than HCV, and triple infection was also observed. Screening for these viral infections in the HIV population is necessary for early identification to enable appropriate, holistic management of these patients.

Keywords: Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis C virus; HIV; co-infection.
Implementing electronic health system in Nigeria: perspective assessment in a specialist hospital
Authors: Gabriel Alobo Igbo , Soyannwo Tolulope , Ukponwan Godwin , Akogu Simon , Matthew Akpa Abubakar , Ayankola Kazeem
Published: September 2020

Background: Perspectives on the pioneering work of Electronic Health Recording (EHR) system in Nigeria was studied.

Objectives: To determine health workers perception, challenges, motivation and satisfaction with EHR.

Methodology: This was a descriptive cross sectional study using structured questionnaire to assess health workers perspec- tive on EHR system at Kogi State Specialist Hospital.

Results: A total of 35 consenting health workers with an mean age of 39.4(± 7.6) years using EHR were assessed. The mean daily work hour was 8.0(± 2.4 hours) and median client load per participant was 20 daily. On perceptions, 74.3%, 52.9%, 45.5% and 60.0% were comfortable, well-motivated, satisfied and competent with EHR. The advantages were re- duction in transcription cost (88.5%), Paper work (97.1%), administrative cost (91.4%), errors (82.9%) and it captures, provides more services including timely access and ease research in 94.3%, 74.3%, 94.3% and 82.9% respectively. Challenges were threat to patient privacy, poor internet, information overload, power outages, incomplete and inac- curate information in 17.0%, 65.7%, 31.5%, 62.9%, 37.1% and 22.9% respectively.

Conclusion: Health workers were comfortable and satisfied with EHR and it eased their work.Scaling up EHR would reduce administrative cost, transcription errors and paper works to mitigate poor quality data from Nigeria a great contributor to global morbidities/mortalities

Keywords: Electronic health records; perception; Kogi state; Nigeria.
Level of education and preferred language of informed consent for clinical research in a multi-lingual community
Authors: Muzanyi Grace , Sekitoleko Isaac , L Johnson John , Lunkuse Jane , Nalugwa Gladys , Nassali Joanita , Kaawa Mafigiri David
Published: September 2020

Background: Low education levels and language barriers present challenges in obtaining informed consent for clinical research.

Objective: To describe and correlate the association between the level of education and the participant’s preferred language of consent.

Design: Descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study.

Participants: Adults being consented for participation in tuberculosis(TB) research studies in an East African community with varying levels of education.

Procedures: We analyzed data on demographic and educational characteristics collected from adults being consented for participation in TB studies .Only participants who could understand and speak Luganda (the main local language) or English ( the official language of Uganda) were included in this analysis.

Results: A total of 523 participants were consented between April 2015 and December 2017 and included in this analysis; 250 below Senior four (< 11yrs of education), 114 senior four (at 11yrs of education),73 senior five-senior six (12-13yrs of education) and 86 beyond senior six (> 13yrs of education). We noted that the preference for English rises with the rising levels of education and peaked at beyond senior six (83%Vs17%,OR=49,95%CI:22.8-106.3,p<0.001).Participants below senior four preferred Luganda Vs senior four and above(OR=16.9,95%CI:9.9-28.8,p<0.001)

Conclusion: Rising education levels of participants were associated with preference for English language usage during ini- tial consent for clinical research studies.

Keywords: Level of education; preferred language; informed consent; multi-lingual community.
Five years after commencing the objective structured clinical examination: are we getting it right? Medical students’ assessment as the measuring index
Authors: Ukadike Okugbo Stanley , Agbonrofo Peter , Irowa Omorodion
Published: September 2020

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess our use of OSCE from the perception of final year medical students.

Materials and methods: This is a cross sectional survey of final year medical students undergoing the final examination in Surgery. All 102 medical students in the class were given the self-administered questionnaire to fill. The data were collated into excel spreadsheets and analysed using the SPSS version 21.

Results: A total of 79 completed questionnaires were retrieved (return rate of 78%). All the students knew about and had participated previously in OSCE, 94.9% accorded the OSCE fair. 76(93.2%) wanted the examination as the main method of clinical assessment, 38(46.6%) had adequate preparation. In terms of the OSCE stations not mirroring real clinical scenarios, 38(48.1%) disagreed, and 26(20.5%) strongly disagreed. 34(43%) disagreeing that the logistics was poor. The students rating of the OSCE, on a scale of 1 - 10, gave a mean score of >8 for spread of the OSCE stations, detail of the questions and objectivity of the examination. The nearness to clinical reality was rated as 7.52 with artificiality of the stations rated as 4.12.

Conclusion: The OSCE has gained acceptance amongst final year medical students.

Keyword: Clinical examination; medical students assessment; measuring index.
Improving blood transfusion safety in resource-poor countries: a case study of using leucocyte reduced blood in Uganda
Authors: Dhabangi Aggrey , Musisi Ezra , Kyeyune Dorothy
Published: September 2020

Background: The majority of blood transfusion safety strategies recommended by the WHO for resource-poor countries focus mainly on reducing the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs). Other technologies such as leucocyte reduc- tion may represent complementary strategies for improving transfusion safety.

Objective: To evaluate the role of using leucocyte reduced blood in a resource-poor country.

Methods: Pre-storage leucocyte reduced (LR) red blood cells (RBCs) were specially prepared for the Tissue Oxygenation by Transfusion in severe Anaemia and Lactic acidosis (TOTAL) study, at the Uganda Blood Transfusion Services from Feb- ruary 2013 through May 2015. Quality control tests were performed to evaluate the procedure, and the incremental cost of an LR–RBC unit was estimated.

Results: A total of 608 RBCs units were leucocyte reduced. Quality control tests were performed on 55 random RBCs units. The median (IQR) residual leucocyte count was 4 (0•5-10) WBC/uL, equivalent to 1•8x106 WBC per unit. The estimated incremental unit cost of leucocyte reduction was $37 USD per LR RBC unit.

Conclusion: Leucocyte reduction of blood in a resource-poor country is doable although relatively costly. As such, its value in resource-poor countries should be weighed against other transfusion safety propositions.

Keywords: Blood transfusion safety; leucocyte reduction; resource-poor countries.
A systematic review of epidemiological patterns and proposed interventions to address pediatric burns in Nigeria
Authors: Banerjee Srikanta , Shumba Constance
Published: September 2020

Background: Unintentional injuries from burns comprise a significant proportion of public health morbidity in Nigeria. In order to understand the type and impact of burns on youth in Low-and-Middle-Income countries, the epidemiology of burns must be adequately assessed.

Methods: This review describes the epidemiological patterns of burn occurrences in the pediatric populations and pro- poses interventions using the Haddon Matrix to address injuries in specific populations in Nigeria. A literature search was conducted using the Proquest, CINAHL, and PubMed databases at the Johns Hopkins University library (January 1, 1990 to August 14, 2018), on burns or thermal injury among pediatric populations in Nigeria. The review focused on the forms of injury, risk factors and potential interventions.

Results: Ten studies were identified and the main risk factors for burns were socioeconomic status, overcrowding, and involving young girls in traditional cooking roles. The main types of injuries include scald injuries (50%) and fire burns (45%) affecting mainly children aged 14 and below with significant regional epidemiological variations. We created a novel intervention to develop countermeasures and reduce the number of pediatric burns based on biological, physical and soci- ocultural environment.

Conclusion: Interventions such as improved supervision of children, improved emergency infrastructure and culturally sensitive first aid education and treatment can help ensure a reduction in morbidity and mortality resulting from burns. Epidemiological studies can provide an accurate depiction of the burden of burn injuries in different regions of Nigeria.

Keywords: Burns; unintentional injury; flame injuries; interventions; injury prevention; epidemiology.
Consumption of psychotropic medicines at a referral hospital Namibia: findings and implications
Authors: N Kafula Maria , Ugburo Emmanuel , Kibuule Dan
Published: September 2020

Setting: In Namibia, the burden of mental illnesses is estimated at 25.6% and is expected to double by 2025. Few studies in sub-Saharan Africa estimate the consumption rates of psychotropic medicines as a proxy of irrational use.

Aim: The consumption rate of psychotropic medicines at a referral hospital was determined.

Method: A hospital-based retrospective medicine utilization analysis of Facility Electronic Stock Card (FESC) psychotropic medication was conducted at Intermediate Hospital Katutura over a 7 year period, 2011-2017. Data on consumption and expenditure on psychotropic medicines were abstracted from FESC and analysed using descriptive statistics in SPSS v22. The main outcomes were consumption rates, daily Defined Dose, (DDD) and/or expenditure.

Results: Of the 580 351,4 DDD of psychotropic medicines consumed, 84% were anti-psychotics, 9.2% anti-depressants and 6.8% anxiolytics. Anti-psychotics (48.8%) and anxiolytics (47.9%) had the highest consumption by cost relative to anti- depressants (3.3%). The most consumed antidepressants were imipramine (62%) by DDD and fluoxetine (55.8%) by cost. The most consumed anti-psychotics were chlorpromazine (74.6%) by DDD and haloperidol (68.4%) by cost respectively. Diazepam (79.4%) and hydroxyzine (94.2%) were most consumed sedative-hypnotics by DDD and cost respectively.

Conclusion: The consumption of new psychotropics contributes to higher costs. There is need for cost-effectiveness anal- ysis of new versus conventional psychotropics to optimize treatment, outcomes and costs.

Keywords: Pyschotropics, consumption rate, DDD, Namibia.
The efficiency of the use of the bed fund in Federal districts
Authors: Tregubov Valeriy N. , Bovina Anna A.
Published: September 2020

Introduction. The priority direction of reforming the national healthcare system is to improve the quality and accessibility of medical care against the background of the rational and effective use of resources of medical institutions. Purpose of research. To identify reserves in optimizing the bed Fund based on evaluating the effectiveness of its use on the territory of the Federal districts of Russia. Material and methods. The study used analytical, logical, and statistical methods. The primary material on the number of beds and indices of their use from 2016 to 2018 was taken from the statistical collections of the Ministry of Health of Russia. Results. The study found the ongoing reform of inpatient medical care to be characterized by a reduction in the number of hospital beds and their availability to the population, a reduction in the average number of days of the bed use per year and the average number of days of the patient stay in the bed and an increase in bed turnover. To determine the effectiveness of the use of the bed Fund, it is advisable to use the method of comparing the number of hospitalized patients, calculated as the product of the number of deployed beds on the average number of days of the bed use per year, divided by the average number of days of the patient stay in the bed, by alternately (isolated) replacing existing indices with planned values. Discussion. Rational reform of the bed Fund can be carried out with the widespread use of effective management methods in health care practice, the development of outpatient clinics, and the introduction of inpatient replacement technologies. Increasing the average number of days of bed use per year should be aimed at reducing unscheduled waiting times for the next hospitalization of the patient. Reducing the average length of stay of patients in a bed should be carried out taking into account the requirements of medical standards and clinical recommendations (treatment protocols). Conclusions. The main reserves for improving the efficiency of the use of the bed Fund are increasing the average number of days of the bed use per year to the target of 340 days and optimizing the average length of the stay of patients in a bed, taking into account the achievements of medical science and practice.
Issues of patient safety in the context of preventing medical errors
(analytical review)
Authors: Olimov Davlatmurod A. , Khodzhamurodov Gafur M. , Tursunov Rustam A.
Published: September 2020

Introduction. Patient safety is the absence of preventable harm to the patient in the course of medical care and the reduction of the risk of unnecessary harm associated with medical care to an acceptable minimum. Over the past two decades, the problem of patient safety has become the object and target area of public health for specific efforts to improve it. The study aims to analyze modern scientific literature to consider problems related to clinical safety, the global burden of harming patients. Material and methods. In the context of studying the problem, the results of modern research were used to identify the causes of medical errors and to find ways to prevent them. Results. The desire to improve the level of safety and the quality of medical care is growing in the world. Consequently, significant measures to evaluate the safety of medical care and its quality will be of paramount importance. To date, there is no gold standard or established array of quality indices (QI) for measuring the quality and safety of medical care. However, many indices have been developed, and some have even been tested to measure specific aspects of patient quality and safety. Such studies are in demand to achieve a clinically significant reduction in the incidence of medical errors. Conclusion. Despite the growing recognition of the role of human medical error in medicine, to prevent or mitigate their consequences requires the search for adequate ways both at the individual and systemic levels.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM PHÂN BỐ, MỨC ĐỘ TÁC ĐỘNG VÀ CON ĐƯỜNG PHÁT TÁN CỦA LOÀI BÌM BÔI HOA VÀNG (Merremia boisiana) TẠI HUYỆN A LƯỚI TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ
Authors: Hợi Nguyễn , Đức Trần Minh , Thắng Trần Nam , Nguyên Hồ Đăng , Diễn Đinh
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT

Bim boi hoa vang (Merremia boisiana) becomes more abundant in A Luoi district, Thua Thien Hue province. This study identified the distribution of the species impacts on the habitats, and the dispersal paths. Through transect and standard plot surveys, we identified 12 species, of which 5 invasive alien species and 7 highly invasive plant species. Among these 12 species, Bim boi hoa vang has the highest impact on the habitat. They appears in most of the habitats, except for the pristine and rich forests. Distributing in clusters, they are mainly mature trees with an average root diameter of 4 - 5cm, main body length of about 20 - 30 m. They are creating a double repercussion that benefits themselves and harmful to the other species within the habitat. They significantly reduced the  number of prospective trees. They can also create other adverse conditions such as doubling the fallen branches and leaves; increasing 3 times the difference in light amplitude; increasing the ratio of secondary organisms and decomposing up to 3 - 4 times higher than in uncovered places. This species can be dispersed by wind, water, animals, human activity and self-dispersing, most feasible by the wind.
O caso do povo indígena xucuru perante a Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos
Authors: Rossitto Bassetto Marcelo Eduardo , Konno Alyne Yumi
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo trata do caso do Povo Indígena Xucuru, que foi inicialmente submetido à Comissão Interamericana de Direitos Humanos (CIDH), antes da condenação do Brasil pela Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos. O principal objetivo do trabalho é analisar as consequências da situação fática apurada pelo Relatório de Mérito nº 44/15 da CIDH, que concluiu pela violação, por parte do Brasil, de diversos dispositivos da Convenção Americana sobre Direitos Humanos e da Declaração Americana dos Direitos e Deveres do Homem. Em razão das violações, foram expedidas recomendações ao Estado brasileiro que, uma vez não cumpridas, ensejaram a submissão do caso à Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, com a consequente ulterior condenação do Brasil. Concluise que o Brasil não somente poderia como deveria ter cumprido as recomendações da CIDH, não somente pela boa-fé que deve reger as relações internacionais, mas também porque a previsível posterior condenação pela Corte IDH foi ainda mais prejudicial à imagem do Brasil.
Considerações sobre a presunção absoluta de miserabilidade na LOAS: uma análise à luz da tese definida no IRDR 5013036-79.2017.4.04.0000/RS julgado pelo TRF da 4ª Região
Authors: Vieira Sabrina Nunes , Leite Villaça Carolina Godoy
Published: September 2020

O artigo apresenta estudo do benefício assistencial de prestação continuada ao idoso e deficiente no que concerne ao critério de renda legalmente estabelecido para sua concessão. Inicia-se por um breve escorço histórico do instituto, com destaque para as principais alterações jurisprudenciais sobre a matéria, em especial no que concerne à interpretação do §3º do art. 20 da lei 8742/1993 e oscilação referente à classificação como presunção juris et de juri ou juris tantum. Passa-se, então, à análise do IRDR 5013036-79.2017.4.04.0000/ RS, julgado pelo TRF da 4ª Região, que fixa a tese da presunção absoluta de miserabilidade nas hipóteses de enquadramento da renda per capita ao critério estabelecido na Lei Orgânica de Assistência Social.
Guest Editors' Editorial
Authors: Parker Joshua , Wallinger Hanna
Published: September 2020

In lieu of an abstract, the first paragraph is included here
In 2017, the Austrian Association for American Studies (AAAS) met for its annual conference at Schloss Leopoldskron in Salzburg, forty-four years after it had been founded there in 1974 and seventy years after the first Salzburg Seminar had been held at the same place. The "Schloss," as the present site of the Salzburg Global Seminar is lovingly called, was the setting of many of the past conferences of the association and is intricately connected with the founding and development of the field of American Studies in Austria and Europe. The conference topic, "Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? The Changing Nature of American Studies," was meant to open up a dialogue about the temporal dimensions of American studies as a discipline, from the past to the present and the possible futures. Sixty-five speakers from nine countries, among them four invited keynote lecturers, and sixteen graduate students met in the spirit of collegiality that the Seminar has become famous for. This inaugural volume of a new journal issued by the AAAS will demonstrate that the conference yielded productive and interesting insights into the nature of American studies.
CONVENTIONAL AND NON-CONVENTIONAL RISK FACTORS OF CYANOTIC AND ACYANOTIC CONGENITAL HEART DISEASES IN CHILDREN OF SOUTHERN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
Authors: Shahid Sana , Akbar Atif
Published: September 2020

Objective: To explore the frequency and factors leading to cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart diseases in children Methodology: A sample of 430 children with congenital heart diseases were enrolled in the study from the Pediatric Cardiology Department at CPE Institute of Cardiology Multan, Pakistan. Data regarding different factors were collected through direct personal interviews form mothers and the children files maintained in the hospital. Responses were noted on Proforma. For Statistical analysis, we adopted the bivariate frequency analysis and Logistic regression model based on the best subset selection. Odds ratios and a 95% confidence interval were also calculated to measure the contribution of risk factors. Results: Out of 430 children, the male-female ratio in Cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart diseases is 2.5:1 and 1.3:1 respectively. The 54.6% and 45.8% of mothers of cyanotic children and acyanotic children respectively are taken poor nutrition during their pregnancy. Conclusion: Improving the physical activity, nutrition, partner interaction, access to basic health care facilities, calories in food, environment, and housing condition during the pregnancy period reduce the risk factors of cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart diseases in children. Keywords: Congenital Heart Disease, Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease, acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease, Distribution, Logistic Regression Model, Best Subset Selection.
ASSOCIATION OF CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Authors: Sadiqa Ayesha , Cheema Abdul Majeed
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Aim of this review was to publish a brief literature review based on recent studies, highlighting the association of chronic periodontitis with cardiovascular ailments. A comprehensive literature study was completed by using two databases and one search engine namely: ‘MEDLINE’, ‘PUBMED’ and ‘GOOGLE SCHOLAR’ respectively. The referenced literature comprised of observational and case studies, systematic reviews, randomized control trials and short communications. Etiological pathophysiology, significance of the association and common mediators of periodontitis as well as cardiovascular diseases were briefly described. Epidemiological studies declared the causative role of chronic periodontitis in cardiovascular pathologies. Periodontal flora and its toxins have been linked to atherosclerosis. Common immune-inflammatory mediators possessed a significant role in the pathogenesis of heart-vascular pathologies. Periodontitis has been considered as an independent risk factor for the initiation and aggravation of cardiovascular ailments. However, by using primary periodontal measures, the chances of periodontitis can be minimized and the risk for cardiovascular diseases can be controlled. Keywords: Chronic Periodontitis, Cardiovascular Diseases, Association.
Perwujudan Dan Implementasi Etika Dalam Pelayanan Publik Di Era Otonomi Daerah
Authors: Sutiani Ni Wayan
Published: September 2020

Public services both at the central and regional levels still do not apply Ethical values due todiverse understanding, not supported by adequate policies, contrary to local cultural values, and nonbinding.For this reason, the government needs to establish a policy on public service ethics in anintegrated and more operational manner that is able to create an understanding of central and regionalgovernment officials regarding the form of Public Service Ethics policy and applies to officials directlyrelated to the community and does not apply to officials who are not directly related to society. Thegovernment needs to develop and socialize a strategy for developing operational and integrated PublicService Ethics that accommodates the content of local culture and involves all existing public servicestakeholders, both in government offices and in private institutions.
Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Tugas Dan Fungsi Bagian Humas Dan Protokol Dalam Menjaga Citra Kepala Daerah Pada Humas Dan Protokol Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Jembrana
Authors: Satya Pramana I Gede Arya Suta , Sutiani Ni Wayan
Published: September 2020

Every government agency, company, or other institution must have a PublicRelations and Protocol. Public Relations and Protocols have the duty and function totake responsibility and maintain a positive image that already exists in an agency orcompany and to better re-image where the agency or company is located, has the roleof delivering a policy or all information carried out by an agency or a company. Fromthe above background, the purpose of this study is to find out how the effectivenessof the implementation of the duties and functions of the Public Relations and ProtocolSection in Maintaining the Image of the Regional Head (Study in the Public Relationsand Protocol Section of the Jembrana Regency Regional Secretariat.The data in thisstudy are qualitative secondary data. The population was taken from employees in thePublic Relations and Protocol Section of the District Secretariat of Jembrana totaling35, the sample method used was the census method. The data analysis technique usedis descriptive qualitative analysis. Data collection methods used in this research areinterview and documentation study methods.The results of the study showed that theeffectiveness of the duties and functions of the Public Relations and Protocol sectionin maintaining the image of regional heads in the Regional Secretariat of JembranaDistrict had been going well, as seen from the indicators: Reception / hearing(domestic and foreign) was carried out in accordance with the specified standards.Guest visits (domestic and foreign) are carried out in accordance with applicableguidelines. Travel to the region / Overseas is carried out in accordance with specifiedguidelines. Meeting / session arrangements are well implemented. The holding of areception / banquet has been carried out well. The implementation of the ceremoniesis in accordance with the established rules. With the implementation of the duties andfunctions of the Public Relations and Protocol section, the image of the regional headcan be maintained properly, as seen from the indicators: Personality of the regionalhead increases with the implementation of public relations and protocol activitiesproperly. Reputation of Jembrana Regency has improved the implementation ofpublic relations and procolo activities. The value of Jembrana Regency increases withthe implementation of public relations and procolo activities properly. Identity or selfcan be seen by the implementation of public relations and protocol activities well.
Pentingnya Administrasi Kependudukan Terkait Sensus Pen- Duduk Secara One Line 2020 Di Desa Pertima Kecamatan Karan- Gasem Kabupaten Karangasem
Authors: Sutiani Ni Wayan
Published: September 2020

Population census is an important moment of the realization of the unification of data from registration data generated by the Population and Civil Registry Office and projection data from the Central Statistics Agency. Based on the description above, the following problems can be formulated: How Important is the Population Administration Regarding One Line Population Census in Pertima Village, Karangasem District, Karangasem Regency? What are the obstacles and efforts to implement an online census in Pertima Village, Karangasem District, Karangasem Regency? In this study, the research method used was interviews, literature study by reading literature related to population censuses, observations and field research, where research was conducted by jumping directly into Pertima Village. The results showed that online population administration is very important, namely: providing data on the number, composition, distribu- tion, and characteristics of Pertima Village residents according to de facto and de jure towards the Indonesian Population Data. Second, namely providing demographic parameters and population projections (fertility, mortality, and migration), as well as other population characteristics for the purposes of population projection and various indicators of Sustainable Development Targets (SDGs). The obstacle faced in population data collection is the difficulty of logging online popu- lation censuses, internet network constraints, people who are still technologically unfamiliar. To overcome this problem is done by giving socialization to village officials so that they can guide their citizens to the online census. Utilizing a cellphone that has Androi facilities so that it can access the internet with speed.
Kajian Yuridis Terhadap Ketentuan Wajib Helm Bagi Pengendara Sepeda Motor Berdasarkan Undang-Undang RI No. 22 Tahun 2009 Tentang Lalu Lintas Dan Angkutan Jalan
Authors: Yasa I Gede Ketut Suharta , Sukardi Ni Made Rai
Published: September 2020

This research is entitled, "Juridical Study of Mandatory Helmet Provisionsfor Motorcycle Riders Under Ri No. Law. 22 of 2009 Regarding Road Traffic andTransportation. "Problems discussed in this study are the Regulations and Criteria forthe mandatory use of Helmets for motorcyclists according to Law No. 22 of 2009concerning Road Traffic and Transportation and the constraints of mandatory helmetusers for cyclists excluded motorcycles. The writing method used in this study isNormative research. One of the fundamental changes in provisions in Law No. 22 of 2009concerning Traffic is obligatory for every motorcycle rider to wear a helmet with anIndonesian national standard (SNI). From the results of a study conducted by the authorabout the obligation of motorcyclists to be obliged to use helmets as regulated in article106 paragraph 8 of Act No. 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportationwhich is not effective where it should require all motorcyclists to use helmets . But it isindeed different for the Province of Bali because of the Governor's Decree of the Head ofthe Bali Region Number 217 of 1986 concerning the Requirement of the Use of a Helmetfor Motorbike Drivers and the person sitting behind him or on a bicycle in the BaliProvince I tolerate drivers motorbikes that use traditional Balinese clothing.
Peranan Hukum Pidana Pada Penyelesaian Sengketa Pembatalan Sertifikat Hak Atas Tanah Oleh Kepala Kantor Wilayah Badan Pertanahan Nasional
Authors: Moniung Eleonora Sinay , Natakharisma Keyzha
Published: September 2020

Land registration in Indonesia uses a negative publication system. In a negativepublication system, the state only passively accepts what is stated by the party requestingregistration. As a result of this system, every person has the right to make a claim against the landcertificate to be canceled, this land tends to be used by the land mafia to cancel the land incollaboration with an individual. BPN officials therefore in this study discuss the extent to whichcriminal law regulates these acts. This study uses a normative juridical approach. The purpose ofthe term, "approach / approach" is something or (action or effort) approaching or approaching,research specifications used are descriptive analytical methods that describe the role of criminallaw in the completion of the annulment of land with abuse of authority, research sources in researchthese are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. Data analysis on normative legalresearch is essentially an activity to conduct a mathematical study of written legal materials.Imposing sanctions against BPN officials / Head of BPN who are involved in the cancellation ofland that is not in accordance with procedures and play can be given criminal sanctions as well asby providing criminal sanctions to those BPN officials who play are expected to reduce the numberof illegal land cancellations.
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan Matahari Departement Store Duta Plaza Di Denpasar
Authors: Kardini Ni Luh
Published: September 2020

Employee contributions will be important if done with effective actions and behave correctly. Not only the amount of effort but also the direction of the business. The nature, effort or willingness to work as well as the various things that constitute organizational support is very important for the success of employee performance. In this study analyze the problems faced by employees of Matahari Department Store Duta Plaza, some of them feel there is dissatisfaction in work so that this affects the poor performance. Empirical test conducted on 120 employees to obtain data about leadership style and organizational culture that had been considered has not been able to provide hope for employees. Analyzer used in this research is Structural Equation Model (SEM). The result of SEM analysis has fulfilled the criteria of the model of Goodness of Fit Index Criteria: chi square = 294,276, probability = 0,000, RMSEA = 0.116, GFI = 0.776, AGFI = 0.697, CFI = 0.829. All meet the criteria, except RMSEA and AGFI are marginal. The results of this study indicate that organizational culture is not significant influence on job satisfaction is not significant to performance, organizational culture is not significant effect on performance, leadership style is not significant effect on performance either directly or indirectly through job satisfaction. Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. On the basis of these results, the managerial implications that can be suggested are the improvement of job satisfaction and performance can be achieved by creating and maintaining a culture of involvement in corporate culture, applying participative leadership style in line with providing satisfactory salary levels for employees.
Pengaruh Sistem Manajemen Sdm Berbasis Kompetensi Dan Penilaian Prestasi Kera Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Inducomp Dewata Denpasar
Authors: Amirah Amirah , Yudhaningsih Ni Made
Published: September 2020

This research aims to find out the impact of competency-based human resource management and work performance appraisal towards the employees’ performance of PT. Inducomp Dewata. As much as 270 employees became the population of this analysis and it took only 73 respondents as the sample. Simple random sampling technique used as the tool to collect the samples. The method used to analyze the data were validity check, reliability check, multiple regression analysis and t check and f check. Partial research result shows that there is no effect of competency-based human resource management system variable (X1) towards employees’ performance variable (Y) of PT. Inducomp Dewata Denpasar. On the other hand, there is a positive yet significance effect of the variable from work performance appraisal (X2) towards employees’ performance (Y) PT. Inducomp Dewata. According to simulants research results, it shows the is a significance effect from the variable of competency-based human resource management system and the variable of work performance appraisal towards employees’ performance of PT. Inducomp Dewata Denapasar with f-value f-table (26.991 3.13) and sig (0.000). PT. Inducomp Dewata should improve the work performance appraisal system and evaluate the work performance assessment regularly in order to know the needs of employees’ training and development as well as motivated the employees’, which will produce the better work performance of the employees’ in the future.
Peran Dan Tantangan BPR (Bank Perkreditan Rakyat) Saat Ini
Authors: Asmara Jaya I Gst. Ngr. Alit
Published: September 2020

According to Law no. 07 of 1992 concerning Banking, there are 2 types of banks in Indonesia, namely Commercial Banks and BPRs. BPR in Indonesia as of November 2019 according to the Indonesian Banking Statistics Report, amounting to 1,552.  Looking at the history of its establishment, BPRs have existed since the colonial era and have close relationships with rural / small communities. Given this, to improve services to the community, with government policies through Pakto 88 and Kepres No. 38 of 1988 regarding the establishment of BPR made easier.Currently, BPRs face tough challenges amid the rapidly changing external industrial environment such as competition, government policies, macroeconomic conditions, fintech developments and others. This development has indirectly reduced the profitability performance of rural banks over the past 5 years. However, on the other hand, during the last 5 years, BPRs have been able to show business development and support real sector financing, especially MSMEs. This paper aims to analyze the challenges faced, the role and efforts to develop BPRs so that in the future BPRs will continue to develop and play a role in supporting the progress of the Indonesian economy.
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Dan Komunikasi Terhadap Kinerja Organisasi Pada Prodi Diluar Domisili (PDD) Jembrana Politeknik Negeri Bali (Rintisan Akademi Komunitas Negeri Jembrana)
Authors: Pramesti Indahsari Ni Komang Ardety , Merta I Ketut , Arya Pering I Made Anom
Published: September 2020

This research is based on the Effect of Leadership and Communication Style on Organizational Performance. Taking the Object of Research at the Study Program Outside Domicile (PDD) Jembrana Bali State Polytechnic (Pilot Academy of the Jembrana Country Community). The purpose of this study is to find out more about leadership style, communication and organizational performance Problem formulation: whether leadership style and communication affect organizational performance. The theoretical foundation in research uses the Management Document. Methodology: Papulation and sampling with 35 respondents, using a questionnaire list and tabulated then analyzed by multiple regression using SPSS version 24. The results of the analysis of Leadership Style yield: t count of 9.185 and significance of 0.000. t count 9.185 t table whose value is 1.69 with a significance level of 0.736 0.05. Communication produces t count of -1.922 and significance of 0.064. t count -1.922 t table whose value is 1.69 with a significance level of 0.736 0.05. Hypothesis is accepted with t count 7.263 t table 0.736, then the hypothesis which states that there is a significant positive influence between Leadership Style and Communication on Organizational Performance. The implications of the coefficient of determination (adjusted R) obtained by 75.4% indicate that the Leadership and Communication Style of organizational performance 75.4% and as much as 24.6% Leadership Style and Communication are influenced by other variables not examined in this study and can be further investigated
Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Yang Dimediasi Oleh Perceived Value Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Ulang Pengguna Kartu Perdana Telkomsel
Authors: Murdani Ni Ketut , Ardani Ni Wayan , Pradnya Prayoga Kadek
Published: September 2020

This study purposed to analyze the influence of mediated service quality perceived value on consumer repurchase decisions, and the difference between the effect of service quality and the effect of perceived value on the decision to repurchase Telkomsel starter cards. The sample in this study were 100 students from Denpasar City who used Telkomsel starter cards. By using the Convenience sampling method. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple regression analysis.The results of this study prove that service quality is not too influential on the decision to repurchase Telkomsel starter cards because consumers think more about the value of benefits than the services provided when using  Telkomsel starter cards. Consumers only use services that are needed and if the service benefits them. There is a significant relationship between perceived value and the decision to repurchase Telkomsel starter cards.
Analisis Tingkat Kesehatan Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (Lpd) Desa Pakraman Gegelang Kecamatan Manggis Kabupaten Karangasem
Authors: Anggreni Putri , Mulyani Putu Ari , Sri Parwati Ni Luh
Published: September 2020

The Village Credit Institutions  (LPD) is one of the financial institutions that are included in the category of non-bank financial institutions in every Pakraman village in the province of Bali. The purpose of this Researcher is to find out whether the Village Institute of Pakraman Gegelang, Manggis District, Karangasem Regency can achieve a healthy predicate or not by using guidelines or references in the Provincial Regulation of Bali Province No.4 of 2012 concerning the second amendment to the Provincial Regulation of Bali Province No.8 years 2002. This study uses descriptive methods because it tries to solve existing problems, data collection techniques used are observation, documentation, and interviews. The documentation method used in this study uses books, regulations, and other documents such as: Financial Reports and the Work Plan of the Pakraman Gegelang Village Credit Institution. The data analysis technique used is the analysis of financial ratios according to1n   the Bali Provincial Regulation No.4 Year 2012.         Based on the results of the analysis, the results of the study can be concluded that referring to the Bali Provincial Regulation No.4 of 2012. Regarding the Health Assessment Guidelines for Village Credit Institutions (LPD), the level of health at the Credit Institute in the Pakraman Gegelang Village can be rated "Healthy" with a score of 98, 6. Based on the results of the study, the advice can be given to the administrators of the Village Credit Institutions (LPD) Desa Pakraman Gegelang, is the LPD optimally manage productive assets and allocate productive assets to activities or businesses that can increase profits or SHU, for example at banks and other LPDs . LPDs must also be able to see the market opportunities that exist in lending, not only in one sector. In addition, it is necessary to schedule debt payments to other parties accompanied by available funds. In this way it is expected to prevent liquidity.