bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Follow-Up Psycho-Oncology Consultations in Urological Cancer after Transition from Inpatient to Outpatient Care
Authors: Fugmann Dominik , Holsteg Steffen , Schäfer Ralf , Kreuznacht Lars , Speer Daniela , Niegisch Günter , Dinger Ulrike , Karger André
Published: November 2024

Introduction: In urological oncology, the physical and psychological effects of cancer and its treatment post-discharge highlight the importance of follow-up psycho-oncology consultations. This study examines their utilisation and identifies predictors in urological cancer patients after inpatient care. Methods: A prospective, single-centre clinical observational study was conducted. Inpatients with urological cancer and ≥5 points on the Distress Thermometer and/or request for psycho-oncological support were recruited, offered an initial psycho-oncology consultation, and can attend up to five online or on-site appointments within 3 months of discharge. The following variables were collected: socio-demographics, psycho-oncological baseline documentation (PO-BADO), psychosocial distress (Distress Thermometer with problem list), anxiety and depressive symptoms (GAD-2 and PHQ-2), and performance status (ECOG). Results: A total of 501 patients were screened, 139 were included, and 108 were analysed. Twenty five patients used psycho-oncological follow-up care (n = 16 online). The final hierarchical model predicting the use of follow-up psycho-oncological support included the two predictors: age (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.90–0.96) and anxiety (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.11–2.44). Conclusion: Nearly 1 in 4 urological cancer patients use follow-up psycho-oncology consultations, mostly online. Predictors for this usage are younger age and higher levels of anxiety. To improve care, (1) online services reduce barriers; (2) older patients require support with these services; and (3) screening specifically for depression is crucial to ensure that follow-up appointments are scheduled as a mandatory part of hospitalisation.
Importance of Sex-Dependent Differences for Dosing Selection and Optimization of Chemotherapeutic Drugs
Authors: Seydoux Claire , Briki Myriam , Wagner Anna D. , Choong Eva , Guidi Monia , Carrara Sandro , Thoma Yann , Livio Françoise , Girardin François R. , Marzolini Catia , Buclin Thierry , Decosterd Laurent A.
Published: November 2024

Background: Despite major advances in cancer treatment in the past years, there is a need to optimize chemotherapeutic drug dosing strategies to reduce toxicities, suboptimal responses, and the risk of relapse. Most cancer drugs have a narrow therapeutic index with substantial pharmacokinetics variability. Yet, current dosing approaches do not fully account for the complex pathophysiological characteristics of the patients. In this regard, the effect of sex on anticancer chemotherapeutic drugs’ disposition is still underexplored. In this article, we review sex differences in chemotherapeutic drug pharmacokinetics; we suggest a novel approach that integrates sex into the traditional a priori body surface area (BSA) dosing selection model, and finally, we provide an overview of the potential benefits of a broader use of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in oncology. Summary: To date, anticancer chemotherapeutic drug dosing is most often determined by BSA, a method widely used for its ease of practice, despite criticism for not accounting for individual factors, notably sex. Anatomical, physiological, and biological differences between males and females can affect pharmacokinetics, including drug metabolism and clearance. At equivalent doses, females tend to display higher circulating exposure and more organ toxicities, which has been formally demonstrated at present for about 20% of chemotherapeutic drugs. An alternative could be the sex-adjusted BSA (SABSA), incorporating a 10% increase in dosing for males and a 10% decrease for females, though this approach still lacks formal clinical validation. Another strategy to reduce treatment-related toxicity and potentially enhance clinical outcomes could be a more widespread use of TDM, for which a benefit has been demonstrated for 5-fluorouracil, busulfan, methotrexate, or thiopurines. Key Messages: The inclusion of sex besides BSA in an easy-to-implement formula such as SABSA could improve a priori chemotherapy dosing selection, even though it still requires clinical validation. The a posteriori use of TDM could further enhance treatment efficacy and safety in oncology.
Evaluations of State Medical Cannabis Programs in the USA: A Narrative Review
Authors: Franks Lirit , Cochran Gerald , Reeves Carter , Incze Michael A. , Hardy Clinton J. , Gordon Adam J. , Kelley A. Taylor
Published: November 2024

Background: Medical cannabis (MC) use is increasing across the USA, with functional MC programs now operating in 38 states. While program policies and practices vary widely, little is known about whether and how states evaluate their programs. Better characterization of state MC program evaluation to date could inform states, program officials, and providers about best practices and provide a roadmap for future program evaluation. Summary: We conducted a narrative review of state MC program evaluations, including peer-reviewed literature and reports produced by independent state-based and non-state-based evaluators. Among 304 abstracts initially screened, seven evaluations met inclusion criteria. Within these evaluations, we report results according to three overarching themes: (1) evaluation characteristics, including comparison across evaluations; (2) program experience, including perceptions of providers and patients; and (3) assessment of cannabis use, including self-reported efficacy for qualifying medical conditions, patterns of medical and nonmedical cannabis use, and assessment of risk factors relevant to MC use. Additionally, we found that while goals and methods for state MC evaluations varied widely, evaluations that relied on independent, non-state entities tended to have more comprehensive and quantitatively rigorous results. Key Messages: Few states operating MC programs have completed a formal evaluation of their program. Among states that have completed an evaluation, approaches varied widely; however, common themes were also present, which may inform future state evaluation efforts. Evaluation through independent, non-state partners may provide an optimal strategy to ensure high-quality data and meaningful results.
Gender-Specific Differences in Recurrence and Progression following Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Instillation for Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Schneidewind Laila , Kiss Bernhard , Kranz Jennifer , Zengerling Friedemann , Borkowetz Angelika , Graf Sebastian , Graser Annabel , Uhlig Annemarie
Published: November 2024

Introduction: To assess gender-specific differences in recurrence-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) among patients with intermediate or high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) receiving BCG was the primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: In July 2023, we performed a literature search using MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. This study was prospectively registered at PROSPERO (CRD 2023443269). The detailed review protocol is accessible via CRD. Results: The systematic literature search identified 6,723 studies, of which 38 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Random-effect meta-analysis for RFS, based on data from 24 studies, revealed no statistically significant gender-specific difference (HR comparing males to females = 0.9618, 95% CI: 0.8408–1.1003, p = 0.5707). Similarly, for PFS, incorporating data from 14 studies, no statistically significant difference (HR = 0.9540, 95% CI: 0.7709–1.1805, p = 0.6648), for CSS, analysis of data from three studies yielded no statistically significant difference (HR = 0.9228, 95% CI: 0.6196–1.3743, p = 0.6925), and for OS, based on data from two studies, no statistically significant difference was observed (HR = 1.1436, 95% CI: 0.5092–2.5684, p = 0.7452). The risk of bias assessment indicated an overall moderate to high risk of bias. Conclusion: The findings indicate no association between gender and oncologic outcomes following BCG.
Analysis of Stroke Burden in China from 1990 to 2021 and Projections for the Next Decade
Authors: Li Xingzhu , Jin Tianyu , Bai Chen , Wang Xianna , Zhang Haojie , Zhang Tong
Published: November 2024

Introduction: This study aimed to describe the temporal trends of stroke burden in different age and sex groups in China from 1990 to 2021, including incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and to compare these data with global figures. Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Disease database from 1990 to 2021, we analyzed changes in stroke burden in China and globally. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated using Joinpoint software to reflect trends. Stroke burden differences across various age groups and sexes were compared, and the ARIMA model was utilized for future projections. Results: Between 1990 and 2021, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of stroke in China decreased from 226.938 to 204.753 per 100,000, while the global ASIR decreased from 180.973 to 141.553 per 100,000. The age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) in China increased from 1,167.425 to 1,301.42 per 100,000, whereas the global ASPR decreased from 1,201.111 to 1,099.31 per 100,000. The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) in China fell from 242.18 to 138.029 per 100,000, while the global ASMR decreased from 144.313 to 87.454 per 100,000. China’s age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) declined from 4,834.791 to 2,648.025 per 100,000, whereas the global ASDR decreased from 3,078.952 to 1,886.196 per 100,000. The AAPCs for ASIR, ASPR, ASMR, and ASDR in China were −0.370%, 0.326%, −1.793%, and −1.933%, respectively, compared to −0.291%, −0.807%, −1.601%, and −1.570% globally from 1990 to 2021. Age and sex significantly influenced the stroke burden, with higher incidence and mortality rates in males than in females. Projections for the next decade indicate that stroke incidence in China will remain stable, with an expected rise in ASPR, and declines in ASMR and ASDR. Globally, ASIR is expected to decline, while ASPR will rise, and ASMR and ASDR will continue to decrease. Conclusion: From 1990 to 2021, the incidence, mortality, and DALYs of stroke in China have decreased, while the prevalence has increased. Stroke burden is age-related, with higher prevalence in older adults and higher mortality in the elderly. Males are more susceptible to stroke and have a higher risk of death. Over the next decade, stroke prevalence in China is expected to rise, posing challenges due to population aging, even as mortality and disability rates decline. Sustained public health efforts will be necessary.
Money Management Practices of Senior High School Teachers at A Public School: A Case Study
Authors: Robles Mercy P. , Polinar Mark Anthony N.
Published: November 2024

All individuals, regardless of their level of education and employment status, should practice effective management of financial resources. This is essential for setting and attaining financial objectives and making prudent financial decisions. A case study was conducted to deeply analyze the money management practices from the lens of senior high school teachers at a public school in Cebu City, reflecting practices concerning budgeting, saving, spending, debt repayment, and retirement. There were ten key informants, five (5) from Grade 11 and another (5) from Grade 12. These individuals have qualified to be key informants in the study as they meet the inclusion criteria set by the researchers. During the data analysis, notable themes in every indicator were found: needs and wants, meeting financial obligations, using a piggy bank, creating reserves for debt settlement, and preparation for retirement through saving. This shows that despite facing ongoing challenges, these individuals still have the courage and full awareness to manage their money correctly, allowing them to make sound financial decisions.  Understanding fundamental finance principles will enable educators to transform their budgets into actionable strategies, establish achievable savings targets, and prioritize repaying debts. This knowledge equips them to more effectively navigate financial hurdles like living expenses, healthcare costs, and planning for retirement. Furthermore, properly implementing effective personal financial planning can enable teachers to attain financial growth and security, leading to increased independence, reduced financial and emotional stress, and an enhanced quality of life.
Teacher’s Workload in Relation to Burnout and Work Performance
Authors: Magtalas Santi A.
Published: November 2024

Teaching is a rewarding yet demanding profession. While it brings immense joy when teachers experience fulfillment from achieving their goals, the wide range of responsibilities it entails can lead to exhaustion. This descriptive-correlational study explored the relationship between teachers' workloads, burnout levels, and work performance of permanent elementary school teachers from the Masinloc District, Division of Zambales. Using standardized instruments and the teachers’ Individual Performance Commitment and Review Form (IPCRF) ratings, data gathered were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings showed that teachers reported a high perception of work/role overload and experienced significant burnout, particularly regarding career satisfaction and attitudes toward students. Moreover, a strong positive relationship was found between burnout levels and work/role overload. Despite these challenges, teachers maintained high performance, which can be attributed to their dedication and commitment to their profession.
In-Depth Review of the Influence of Renal Insuficiency on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event (MACE) and Mortality in Patients with Acute St-Segment Elevation Myocardial In- farction (STEMI)
Authors: Nurudinulloh Akhmad Isna , Anjarwani Setyasih
Published: November 2024

The widespread implementation of invasive procedures such as coronary angiography and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) into the routine management of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the last 10 years has led to a significant improvement in patient prognosis. At the same time, this also raises new problems and questions, mostly related to the fact that there are many elderly patients and/or patients with comorbidities who need to undergo this invasive procedure. One of the most important comorbidities is renal insufficiency. STEMI patients with renal insufficiency typically present with more extensive atherosclerotic lesions, including diffuse coronary calcification, which poses a challenge to the interventional cardiologist due to a higher risk of periprocedural complications, higher risk of restenosis, major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) , and patient mortality. This review discusses in depth the influence of renal insufficiency on MACE and mortality in STEMI patients.
 
Keywords: renal insufficiency, STEMI, MACE, mortality.
“O Corpo Dança Angola na Cosmo Encantaria”: rastros para afro-tupi-grafar uma metodologia
Authors: Ifabusayo Dan Dara Baldez
Published: November 2024

Este artículo consiste en organizar una metodología basada en la capoeira y las danzas populares con enfoque en el conocimiento bantú afrodiaspórico. La metodología se estructura en torno a dos ejes teóricos, teniendo como hilo conductor la cosmología africana de los bantúes del Congo: principios de vida y experiencia propuestos por Bunseki Fu kiau, traducidos por Tigana Santana. Esto facilita la evaluación de los procesos de madurez de la metodología, a través de la imagen dikenga o bakongo-cosmograma, representación simbólica de los grandes ciclos del sol, la vida, el universo y el tiempo, divididos en cuatro etapas del ciclo de vida. En continuidad, Leda Maria Martins en la performance del tiempo espiral, complementa con aportes relevantes para organizar el método junto con la formación del cuerpo que danza Angola en el cosmos encantamiento. “Un tiempo vivido ontológicamente como movimientos contiguos” ofrece la poética del cuerpo en la pantalla. Se encontró que esta organización como metodología es una continuidad orgánica del conocimiento como resistencia cultural, sin embargo, es necesario prestar atención a la urgencia de evocar aportes desde el saber afropindorámico para configurar la educación de manera más diversa.
“Dos plânctons aos corpos humanos”: pluralidade de sistemas em interação
Authors: Moura Marcilene Lopes de
Published: November 2024

This article proposes a study of the collaborative creation process of the performance From plankton to human bodies: the dance of interacting types, presented at the ARTEX Biennial 2023, a cultural and scientific event that promotes dialogue between arts and sciences. The objective of this collaboration was to represent on stage the main phases of marine ecosystems. The theoretical framework of this article is embedded in the context of complex systems science. Through a case study, we seek to describe the context and investigate the conditions that enabled this collaboration between artists and scientists.
Em coro te falamos porque ninguém mais pode falar por si só. A busca por uma metodologia de pesquisa-criação além do antropocentrismo nas práticas vocais para o palco
Authors: Aros Luis
Published: November 2024

This article reveals a selected part of the research process of the piece We speak to you in chorus because no longer can anyone talk for themselves, which premiered in Santiago de Chile on April 31, 2022. The focus is placed on the breakdown of a method of creation and acting composition based on the middle field (Byron, 2018). Through that premise, the questions that led to this project are addressed and were brought into play, to question the deep-rooted belief in the performer as a bearer and distributor of the voice in and for the theatrical scene. In this order, this investigation addresses the relationship of the voice with the body through an expanded conception of the latter, which included all matter – organic and inorganic – as a vibrant vitality (Bennett, 2022). As a result of this research, a methodological approach has been proposed through three vertices of systematization: (1) the replacement of the semantic and Aristotelian order of the theater; (2) the simultaneity of materialities in favor of the logic of the whole; and, (3) the examination and disarticulation of the expressive behavior of the human voice. From here, a critique of the affective agency of the voice in the performing arts is ventured, under the order and domain of language.
Fazer-com a Prática como Pesquisa: tecendo experiências coletivas de produção de saberes nas artes da cena
Authors: Geraldi Silvia Maria
Published: November 2024

The text addresses Practice as Research (PaR) in the performing arts in dialogue with the experience of the Group Practice as Research: production processes in the contemporary scene, a permanent nucleus of investigation officially created in 2014 at the Arts Institute of Unicamp. Therefore, it focuses on the relationship between practice and research in the epistemology of PaR, comparing it with ways of doing/knowing with which the group has been questioning it throughout its ten years of existence. Making-with Practice as Research has been an invitation to weave (im)possible paths in a sympoietic collaboration, producing embodied knowledge in a collective and situated way in the presence arts.
Considerações sobre algumas metodologias de pesquisa nas Artes Cênicas e sua produção textual na academia
Authors: Saber Ines
Published: November 2024

The article briefly presents the institutional context of Brazilian universities from the creation of the Arts area at CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) in the 1980s, as well as some methodologies of Research in Living Arts present in the performative texts of the special volume in revista DAPesquisa, published in October 2020. Among the methodologies brought are arts-based research (ABR), practice as Research (PaR), performative research, mythotodology, cartography, etnography, autoetnography, research-creation, presenting its main exponents as a theoretical framework. Based on reflections on research methodologies, the aim is to highlight the possibilities and variety of production in the area also in its written production. It is believed that reflecting on the writings of research in Performing Arts is extremely important for us to understand their practices.
A não-binariedade como princípio do programa performativo: a percepção da potência cênica do mundo pela transição de gênero
Authors: Fernandes Oliver Olívia Lagua de Oliveira Bellas
Published: November 2024

En un enfoque autoetnográfico, exploro mi transición de género como un punto de inflexión perceptivo y epistemológico, cuyas elaboraciones resultantes están en línea con los fundamentos de lo que Eleonora Fabião describe como un programa performativo. El objetivo es explorar una forma de contacto con esta noción transcéntrica, empírica y a priori de lo convencionalizado por el propio espacio de creación artística. Además, se trabaja la forma en que el paradigma, no sólo trans, sino específicamente no binario, es crucial para dicha discusión.
Caminho da Geodiversidade Gaúcha: uma trilha de longo curso integrando aspectos geo-bio-socioculturais
Authors: Corrêa Ana Paula Souza , Borba André Weissheimer de , Matté Vinicius
Published: November 2024

Long-distance trails are tools for recreation, preservation of the environment and generation of employment and sustainable income, in the form of paths followed in a sporting/tourist way, mainly on foot or bicycle, for at least one day of activity, connecting regions with notable environmental and landscape importance. In the context of the southern half of RS, some sustainable development initiatives have sought to stimulate the economy. One of the most recent was the recognition, by UNESCO, of the Caçapava Geopark, given the enormous and unique geodiversity of the region. This same characteristic motivated the preparation of this work, combining sport and tourism with geodiversity, making use of geosystemic concepts, which use bio-sociodiversity to provide an integration of the environment. The objective of this work is to propose the creation and implementation of the Gaúcha Geodiversity Path, which runs 500 km in 6 municipalities, whose vocation is the geodiversity of the region. Maps were created using remote sensing and field work was carried out, which improved the route, through joint construction with the community that lives along the route. A description of the geological, biological and social aspects is presented, which provided the distinction between 3 sectors of the path. 43 points were identified to provide logistical support and educational and environmental interest along the route. It is expected that the Gaúcha Geodiversity Path will join other sustainable development strategies in the region, bring better socioeconomic conditions and contribute to the preservation of the Pampa Biome.
O periódico anticlerical A Lanterna e a representação iconográfica do mito Ferrer (São Paulo, 1909-1916)
Authors: Oliveira Ana Paula Neves de
Published: November 2024

This article focuses on the analysis of iconographic materials published in A Lanterna – Folha anticlerical de combate (São Paulo, 1909-1916), seeking to think about the production, circulation, reception, acclimatization and consequent appropriation of the figure of the Catalan educator Francisco Ferrer y Guardia in the newspaper. The iconographic sources were systematized into three thematic series, which were used to deepen the analysis. Anchored fundamentally in Roger Chartier’s theories on disputes over representations and Raoul Girardet’s theories on political myths, the aim is to demonstrate the hypothesis that the figure of Ferrer was constructed as a political myth in order to expand the newspaper’s anticlerical discourse. In addition, attention is drawn to the circulation of some of this material, highlighting, where possible, its origin and outlining possibilities for its transnational diffusion.
A política do abolicionismo e a violência da escravidão: o Movimento Abolicionista, a resistência escrava e a abolição da pena de açoites no Império do Brasil (1885-1886)
Authors: Rosanova Ferraro Marcelo
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the process of enactment of the Law of October 15, 1886, which revoked judicial flogging in the Brazilian Empire. This article has two objectives. First, it reinvestigates the causes of this event, integrating economic, social, and political variables, and crossing multiple scales, from the daily lives of the enslaved to the dynamics of civil society and national and international politics during the decade of 1880. Second, this article develops the concept of the politics of abolitionism and reveals the importance of the actions of this social movement in the press and the parliament, and its connection to enslaved people’s resistance, to provoke the political crisis that culminated with the abolition of judicial flogging and contributed to delegitimize slavery in the Brazilian Empire.
Optogenetic Manipulation of Covert Attention in the Nonhuman Primate
Authors: Katz Leor N. , Bohlen Martin O. , Yu Gongchen , Mejias-Aponte Carlos , Sommer Marc A. , Krauzlis Richard J.
Published: November 2024

Optogenetics affords new opportunities to interrogate neuronal circuits that control behavior. In primates, the usefulness of optogenetics in studying cognitive functions remains a challenge. The technique has been successfully wielded, but behavioral effects have been demonstrated primarily for sensorimotor processes. Here, we tested whether brief optogenetic suppression of primate superior colliculus can change performance in a covert attention task, in addition to previously reported optogenetic effects on saccadic eye movements. We used an attention task that required the monkey to detect and report a stimulus change at a cued location via joystick release, while ignoring changes at an uncued location. When the cued location was positioned in the response fields of transduced neurons in the superior colliculus, transient light delivery coincident with the stimulus change disrupted the monkey's detection performance, significantly lowering hit rates. When the cued location was elsewhere, hit rates were unaltered, indicating that the effect was spatially specific and not a motor deficit. Hit rates for trials with only one stimulus were also unaltered, indicating that the effect depended on selection among distractors rather than a low-level visual impairment. Psychophysical analysis revealed that optogenetic suppression increased perceptual threshold, but only for locations matching the transduced site. These data show that optogenetic manipulations can cause brief and spatially specific deficits in covert attention, independent of sensorimotor functions. This dissociation of effect, and the temporal precision provided by the technique, demonstrates the utility of optogenetics in interrogating neuronal circuits that mediate cognitive functions in the primate.
When Can LLMs Actually Correct Their Own Mistakes? A Critical Survey of Self-Correction of LLMs
Authors: Kamoi Ryo , Zhang Yusen , Zhang Nan , Han Jiawei , Zhang Rui
Published: November 2024

Self-correction is an approach to improving responses from large language models (LLMs) by refining the responses using LLMs during inference. Prior work has proposed various self-correction frameworks using different sources of feedback, including self-evaluation and external feedback. However, there is still no consensus on the question of when LLMs can correct their own mistakes, as recent studies also report negative results. In this work, we critically survey broad papers and discuss the conditions required for successful self-correction. We first find that prior studies often do not define their research questions in detail and involve impractical frameworks or unfair evaluations that over-evaluate self-correction. To tackle these issues, we categorize research questions in self-correction research and provide a checklist for designing appropriate experiments. Our critical survey based on the newly categorized research questions shows that (1) no prior work demonstrates successful self-correction with feedback from prompted LLMs, except for studies in tasks that are exceptionally suited for self-correction, (2) self-correction works well in tasks that can use reliable external feedback, and (3) large-scale fine-tuning enables self-correction.
Development of an Optimized Accident Prediction Model for Construction Safety Using Big Data Analysis
Authors: Heo Jun-Kue , Kim Chang-Hak
Published: November 2024

Background and objective: The objective of this study was to develop an intuitive accident prediction model that can be readily applied at construction sites to effectively reduce the incidence of accidents through the analysis of construction accident data.Methods: These accidents significantly contribute to the construction industry's overall accident rate. Accident types were categorized into fatalities, injuries, and material damages to construct the accident prediction model. A total of 24 factors were considered across eight major variables, which were identified during the first and second phases of data preprocessing to analyze construction accident big data. Machine learning techniques were employed, specifically supervised learning and ensemble learning, to identify the optimal predictive model.Results: Among the models tested, XGBoost emerged as the most effective due to its highly balanced accuracy, even in the presence of class imbalance.Conclusion: The implementation of the XGBoost accident prediction model, along with the feature importance codes developed in this study, enables the prediction of accident types for specific tasks performed at construction sites. This predictive capability is expected to inform the implementation of targeted accident prevention measures, such as enhancing safety protocols or adjusting work procedures based on the prediction outcomes.
Muṣṭafā Ṣabrī on Waḥdat al-Wuǧūd and its Philosophical Origins
Authors: Sami Muhammad
Published: November 2024

This article studies the critique of waḥdat al-wuǧūd penned by Muṣṭafā Ṣabrī (d. 1954), one of the last Ottoman şeyhülislams. Ṣabrī’s critique echoes those written by previous theologians such as al-Taftāzānī while simultaneously criticising their shortcomings. In Ṣabrī’s view, waḥdat al-wuǧūd originates in what he calls “the divinization of existence”: the identification of God’s essence with his existence, a doctrine held by Muslim peripatetics and adopted by several philosophical theologians. It is just because they failed to locate such an origin that Ṣabrī believes previous critiques of the Akbarian doctrine were not adequate.
Changing European Minority Rights Standards
Authors: Fiala-Butora János
Published: November 2024

The Council of Europe’s Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, the only comprehensive international minority rights treaty, was adopted in 1995 to counter ethnocentric exclusionary tendencies characteristic of newly emerging democracies in East-Central Europe. It has been evaluated as largely successful in developing progressive standards on minority rights, while judged less efficient in implementing them across member states. This article shows on the example of Slovakia that this traditional narrative conceals another important one: while the Framework Convention’s monitoring body, the Advisory Committee, maintains formally progressive positions, in substance it is becoming more accommodating of exclusionary practices.

By comparing the Advisory Committee’s standards expressed in its periodic opinions on Slovakia to developments on the ground, the article demonstrates that the international standards are in fact deteriorating. The Advisory Committee’s recent opinions are much more favourable to the Slovak government’s policies on minority rights. Yet, a detailed analysis shows that those policies have not become more minority-friendly in practice. In fact, in several ways they have regressed. The current acceptance of practices it criticized in the past is an important shift in the Advisory Committee’s position. Yet this shift is not reflected in its formal standards, which remain progressive. The analysis shows that the Advisory Committee’s lack of transparency in its monitoring procedures leads to a misrepresentation of the situation of minority rights, which provides cover for anti-minority practices. This makes it difficult for outside observers to evaluate the true state of minority rights and the effectiveness of international standards.

In closing, the article engages with the normative assumptions behind the Advisory Committee’s approach. The Framework Convention does not have a strong enforcement mechanism, therefore cooperation with governments is essential to ensure compliance. However, by accommodating exclusionary practices, the Committee also legitimizes them. While valid arguments can be raised both for and against this approach, it is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of this trade-off because of its clandestine nature. More transparent monitoring would give legitimacy to an objective international standard, which the current approach risks undermining.
Search for Durable Solution to the Rohingya Refugee Crisis in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahaman Razidur
Published: November 2024

The Rohingya, a Muslim minority living mainly in the northern Rakhine state of Myanmar, are considered illegal immigrants from Bangladesh, despite the fact that they have settled in Myanmar for hundreds of years. Myanmar recognized 135 ethnic groups under the 1982 Citizenship Act which excludes the Rohingya as an ethnic group in Myanmar and they became stateless. Myanmar Security Forces have committed grave violation of human rights against Rohingya. The latest attack in 2017 was more heinous than in 1978, 1992, and 2012. As of June 2018, The Rohingya refugee in Bangladesh was portrayed as a protracted refugee situation. In many protracted refugee situations, a durable solution such as local integration, resettlement and voluntary repatriations needed to be implemented to end the prolonged displacement. The aim of this paper is to discuss the most feasible durable solutions to be implemented to repatriate Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh.
Political Opposition against the Governing Power and the Reigning Regime, from the Perspective of a Parliament Deputy
Authors: Daher Pierre Adib
Published: November 2024

With Lebanon on the edge of the outbreak of the Civil War (1975–1990), Najah Wakim, the youngest parliament deputy in the Lebanese parliament of 1972, began a long struggle to first try to prevent the war which was looming in Lebanon and then continued to work after 1975 to put an end to the unjustifiable violence and bloodshed of that period. Wakim stood against all the fighting parties, arousing their hatred and enmity, but he gained the love and respect of most of his fellow-citizens who saw in him honesty and human values for which he always fought. This is the story of Najah Wakim which still continues.
Fighting Racism in the U.S. Military: Dismantling the United States Africa Command
Authors: Campbell Horace G.
Published: November 2024

This article reviews the teaching of international relations in relation to the deployment of racist tropes to understand the current war on terror. It elaborates on how the justification for the U.S. Africa Command changed over time from fighting terror to confronting Russia and China in the big power game. The paper argues that the rift in the U.S. military since the January 6, 2021 insurrection is only one manifestation of the coalescing of forces of conservatism who are opposed to the restructuring of the international political economy. The emergence of military forces in West Africa opposed to the U.S. has brought about a discussion about the U.S.A. being pushed to the margins in Africa. This racial project has created global chaos, and the task of scholars dedicated to peace is to push for the dismantling of the U.S. Africa Command as one component of the global anti racist project.
Filament winding pattern generation for non-axisymmetric mandrels based on path adaptive adjustment
Authors: Man Ruidong , Ma Zhenyu , Yin Zhenhua , Ye Liang , Ma Wensuo
Published: November 2024

Obtaining a uniform and continuous winding pattern for non-axisymmetric mandrel using current filament winding techniques is still a challenge. In this study, an algorithm was developed to generate winding pattern for axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric mandrels. Firstly, the mandrel surface is divided into uniform quadrilaterals, and the centerline of the mandrel is extracted according to the vertices of the quadrilaterals. Then, based on the centerline, the mandrel is divided into multiple intervals. Combined with the stability analysis of the winding path on the triangular facets, a series of non-slippage winding paths are generated within the intervals. Finally, the non-slippage winding paths are adaptively adjusted, and a uniform winding pattern is generated for the mandrel through iteration. The simulation results demonstrate that the generated paths pass through uniform points on the same cross-section, ensuring the uniformity of the winding pattern. The winding paths realize free rotation at the ends of the mandrel, ensuring the continuity of the winding pattern. And the proposed method can be applied to various types of non-axisymmetric mandrels, overcoming the limitation of previous methods which can only generate winding patterns when the mandrel surface is represented by mathematical equations.
Experimental and numerical studies on the energy absorption characteristics of Al/CFRP corrugated web beams
Authors: Yu Jian , Liang Qianduo , Wang Xinfeng , Wu Jiawei
Published: November 2024

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is widely used in aircraft crashworthiness structures, but its unstable failure modes limit its energy absorption capability. This study proposes a hybrid aluminum/CFRP (Al/CFRP) corrugated web beam to enhance the energy absorption and progressive collapse under axial impact. Quasi-static crushing experiments were performed on CFRP and Al/CFRP corrugated web beams with 45° crushing triggers. Results revealed that the initial peak load and the total energy absorption of the Al/CFRP corrugated web beam increased by 16.68% and 34.62%, respectively, compared to those of the CFRP corrugated web beam. The specific energy absorption and the crushing force efficiency also improved by 13.22% and 1.51%, respectively. The CFRP corrugated web beam underwent transverse shearing, brittle fracture, and bending failures during crushing, resulting in a decline in energy absorption after a 40 mm displacement due to crack propagation. In contrast, the Al/CFRP corrugated web beam exhibited stable progressive collapse with sustained energy absorption up to a 60 mm displacement, benefiting from the plasticity of the aluminum layer. Detailed finite element models were validated against the experimental results, with the simulated failure morphologies and the energy absorption being consistent. The Al/CFRP corrugated web beam demonstrated superior crashworthiness, progressive collapse, and energy absorption capabilities under impact.
Ni-P SiC composite coatings on piston rings by plate and bumper technique and its tribological properties
Authors: Malathi M , Mabel J Herbert , Easwaramoorthy D , Rajendran R
Published: November 2024

Breakdown of piston rings in the automotive sector due to wear, corrosion and high temperatures is common. Conventional hard chrome and chrome ceramic coatings with hexavalent chromium possess environmental risks due to its carcinogenic effects. Nickel-phosphorus (Ni-P) plating is not hazardous and hence silicon carbide (SiC) uniformly distributed in Ni-P coating by plate and bumper method is made as an eco-friendly and cost-effective approach. This Ni-P SiC composite coating provides high hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and improved friction resistance due to the uniform distribution of the SiC composite particles. The amorphous Ni-P coating is converted to nickel phosphide intermetallic crystalline form during the heat treatment at 300 °C and is confirmed by XRD. The heat treatment also increases the microhardness in the rage of 810 to 1015 HV for Ni-P SiC composite coating. This method significantly improved the mechanical properties of piston rings by ∼ 5 to 6%.
Structural hierarchical optimisation of composite pressure vessel lining design based on FEA-RSM-PSO approach
Authors: Liu Jianglin , Guo Fucheng , Li Qiang , Wu Ting , Gao Haifeng , Li Yinhui , Chen Zhanchun , Liang Jianguo
Published: November 2024

The weight and functionality of the composite pressure vessel is greatly affected by the liner construction, which is currently determined only by theoretical formulas and engineering experience, and there are often problems such as vessel failure and excessive weight. Here, the design of composite pressure vessel lining structures is optimised by the implementation of a hierarchical technique. In the first stage, the maximum form factor is utilised to optimise the dome’s shape, and the shape factors of domes that are often employed are compared. In the second level, a procedure combining Finite Element Analysis (FEA), Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Particle Swarm Algorithm (PSO) is proposed to optimise the design of the liner’s spout and barrel structure to explore the lightweight requirements guided by the DOT-CFFC standard. In such, the goal and constraint values are computed using the finite element method, to cut down on time spent on computation, the response surface model is built rather than reusing the finite element computations, and to determine the best parameter combinations for the design variables, the particle swarm algorithm’s update of location and speed is used. The method can provide an important reference for designing complex lining structures with many variables.
The Integration of Advanced AI-Enabled Emotion Detection and Adaptive Learning Systems for Improved Emotional Regulation
Authors: Shi Lei
Published: November 2024

This study explores the integration of advanced AI technologies, including emotion detection and adaptive learning systems, to enhance second language acquisition among 274 English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. Utilizing a pretest-posttest randomized control trial, the research evaluates the effects of AI-enhanced interventions on emotional self-regulation and linguistic proficiency compared to traditional teaching methods. The results indicate significant improvements in language retention and emotional regulation for learners using AI tools. Qualitative feedback from interviews and surveys corroborates these findings, underscoring the positive impact of AI on educational experiences. This research highlights the potential of AI to deepen emotional engagement and tailor learning experiences, recommending the incorporation of AI technologies into language learning programs to boost linguistic competencies and enrich educational outcomes.
Antibacterial nonwoven materials in medicine and healthcare
Authors: Sun Lijuan , Jin Shixin , Feng Yan , Liu Yanling
Published: November 2024

Bacterial infection has always been a severe challenge for mankind. The use of antibacterial nonwoven materials provides a lot of convenience in daily life and clinical practice grammar revision, it has become an important solution to avoid bacterial infection in clinical and daily life. This review systematically examines the spin bonding, melt blown, hydroneedling and electrospinning methods of nonwoven fabrication materials, and summarizes the antibacterial nonwoven materials fabrication methods. Finally, the review discusses the applications of antibacterial nonwoven materials for medical protection, external medical and healthcare, external circulation medical care implantable medical and healthcare and intelligent protection and detection. This comprehensive overview aims to provide valuable insights for the advancement of antibacterial nonwoven materials in the domain of medicine and health care. In the future, antibacterial nonwoven materials are expected to evolve towards biodegradability, composite materials, functionalization, minimally invasive techniques, diversification, and intelligence, thereby holding immense potential in healthcare.
I Belong: Gender and Sexuality Minoritized Students’ Positive Perceptions of Campus Climate Protect Against PTSD Following Sexual Assault
Authors: Bilal Natalie J. , Herres Joanna
Published: November 2024

Sexual assault is a widespread problem among institutions of higher education. Students whose gender and/or sexuality are minoritized (GSM; non-cisgender and/or non-heterosexual) are especially vulnerable to experiencing sexual assault and its negative consequences, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A sense of belonging within the campus community can protect victims of sexual assault from negative psychological outcomes; however, no study to date has examined whether this aspect of a positive campus climate protects GSM victims, in particular, from developing more severe PTSD symptoms after sexual assault. We hypothesized that GSM victims would experience more severe PTSD symptoms than non-GSM victims after experiencing sexual assault and that their perceptions of campus climate would moderate this relationship. All undergraduate students from a public liberal arts college on the East Coast were asked to participate in an online survey about their history of sexual assault and emotional well-being. Of those who completed the survey, approximately 18% reported a history of sexual assault ( N = 146). GSM victims of sexual assault reported more severe PTSD symptoms than non-GSM victims; however, a significant interaction showed that PTSD symptoms were similar for GSM and non-GSM victims with high ratings of campus climate. Thus, positive perceptions of campus climate protected GSM students from experiencing more severe PTSD symptoms. These findings inform administrative efforts by suggesting the need for more inclusive support resources (i.e., crisis centers and orientation materials), curricula, and community spaces for GSM students.
Geographically varying associations between personality and pro-environmental behaviors across the USA
Authors: Garner Kayla M , Revelle William
Published: November 2024

Comprehensively evaluating the relationship between personality and pro-environmental behaviors (e.g., speaking with friends/strangers about environmental issues, attending pro-environmental rallies, and recycling) with both broad and fine conceptualizations of personality (i.e., higher-order factor, lower-order factor, and nuance levels) while also accounting for geographically varying associations is critical for developing an understanding of why people may behave pro-environmentally in various geographical contexts. To examine this, we (1) tested the utility of the SAPA Personality Inventory-5 (SPI-5) factors, SPI-27 lower-order interstitial factors, and SPI-135 nuances/items for predicting pro-environmental behaviors and cross-validated these models, (2) evaluated how the relationship for higher-order and lower-order personality factors with pro-environmental behaviors vary across geographic locations in the United States at the ZCTA (ZIP Code Tabulation Area) level using multilevel modeling, and (3) assessed how geographically varying slopes related to average levels of pro-environmental behaviors within ZCTAs. We found an empirically identified selection of thirty SPI-135 items predicted pro-environmental behaviors better than the SPI-5 and SPI-27 collectively, and that the full SPI-135 items had the highest predictive utility. Additionally, in ZCTAs with higher average levels of pro-environmental behaviors, stronger associations between higher levels of agreeableness, extraversion, neuroticism, and openness with higher levels of pro-environmental behaviors were observed.