bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation and Reform Measures of the Current Situation of Cultivating the Innovative Ability of HVAC
Authors:   University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China, Lv Jing , Huang Jia-Hao , Feng Lei
Published: November 2021

This article conducted a questionnaire survey on HVAC graduate students in the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, analyzed the problems existing in the cultivation of innovative ability of them and combined with the actual situation of HVAC major postgraduates, it was proposed that the cultivation mode of hierarchically classifying and teaching students according to their aptitudes for students with different professional abilities and development directions. It is proposed some reform measures such as the reform of the graduate course system and teaching mode, strengthen the cultivation of post-graduates ability to discover and solve problems, implement joint schools-enterprises training and strengthen experimental teaching, which promote the cultivation of HVAC graduate students' innovative ability.
Correlation of glycosylated hemoglobin with urinary albuminuria for early detection and progression of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes millitus
Authors: Malladad Ravikumar , Basavaraj Rashmi G S
Published: November 2021

diabetic nephropathy is a one of the most leading disorder in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Urinary albuminuria used for detection of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus but its not an a sensitive and specific biomarker for DN. Recent studies found some of the sensitive and specific biomarker for early detection and progression of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

A total 150 subjects included in the present study in that 100 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 50 healthy controls. All the subjects included after informed consent and blood, urine samples were collected from the all the subjects. FBS, PPBS, Urea, Creatinine, Uric acid, HbA1C and Urinary Albumin was analysed by using laboratory standard methods.

statistically elevated levels of plasma FBS, PPBS, HbA1C in both the groups of type 2 diabetes mellitus when compared to healthy controls. Serum Urea, Creatinine and Uric Acid levels elevated in type 2 diabetes mellitus with microalbuminuria when compared to other two groups of study subjects. The Glycosylated hemoglobin positively correlated with urinary microalbuminuria in patients with two groups of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

This study suggest that the poor glycemic control leads to increased further complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Continuous monitoring of HbA1C and Urinary Albumin Levels were useful for progression and treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Histopathological study of cervical lesions in a tertiary health care centre in south India
Authors: Sathiyamurthy K , Waheeda S , Sangeetha N
Published: November 2021

Cervix is vulnerable to many pathological changes ranging from inflammation to malignancy. Uterine cervix is gateway to several non-neoplastic and neoplastic gynaecological lesions.. Histopathological studies of cervix along with clinical correlation helps in early diagnosis of lesions as they have advantages of being relatively cheap and technically easy.

To study the histopathological features of cervical lesions.

A retrospective study was done in the department of Pathology at Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupananda Variyar Medical College and Hospital, Salem for duration of 05 years i.e., from April 2016 to March 2021in 550 cervical samples.

Non neoplastic (92.1%) lesions of cervix were more commonly reported in our study and neoplastic lesions were about 7.8%.

Histopathology study of cervical biopsy lesions is a valuable diagnostic procedure. Early detection of cervical lesions may provide an opportunity for appropriate interventions to prevent further complications such as progression from benign to malignant conditions. Adequate screening procedure with follow up cervical biopsies helps in early diagnosis and management of premalignant and malignant lesions.
Update: Primary immunodeficiency disorders among north Indian children
Authors: Kumar Deepak Rakesh , Kumar Prabin , Saurabh Abhinav , Bagri Narendra , Verma Sonia
Published: November 2021

Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) are a group of genetic abnormalities characterized by defectin one or more constituents of the immune system.This group of disorders are largely undiagnosed and unreported worldwide due to lack of awareness among the medical practitioners,parents as well as lack of state of art diagnostic facilities. Earlier we had reported the distribution pattern of various categories of PID in children of north India; in this report we are appending the data with current findings.

In this retrospective study we pooled data from PIDs workup of 706 children with suspected PIDs, below the age of 18Yrs, in the period of May 2017 October 2019. The clinical assessment and presentation of these children was suggestive of PID. The peripheral blood of these children was used for flow cytometry based immunophenotyping of immune cells. PIDs were classified according to the International Union of Immunological Societies’ (IUIS) criteria.

A total of 133 (18.38%) children were diagnosed with one or other form of PID with overall median age was 3.25 years (male: 2.3 and female: 4.2Yrs). Chronic infection, persistent diarrhea and retarded growth were the common warning signsin these patients. Combined humoral and cellular immunodeficiency was observed in 32%, phagocytic defect in 23%, antibody defect in 17%, dysregulated innate immunity in 19% and other well defined syndromes in 9% of total diagnosed PID children. Around 15.78% of PID cases were seen in coupleswithconsanguineous marriage, past family history of PID in 20.30% and families with sibling death of unknown cause in 24.06%. The cause of death of the sibling was not known. PID diagnosed children received prophylactic antibiotics and/or antifungals in addition tospecific therapy for the underlying immune deficiency.

The field of PID remainsunexplored worldwide. The awareness in the developed countries is more than that of developing countries like India. The developing countries face several challenges in the diagnosis of PIDs such as awareness among patients and medical practitioners, mostly in the rural settings, lack of sufficient number of tertiary care centres, lack of equipped immunological laboratory to diagnose the disease.
Nodular hyperplasia of parathyroid gland in chronic kidney disease – A case report
Authors: Jadhav Dipti S , Smita A Sawant
Published: November 2021

Nodular hyperplasia of parathyroid gland is an advanced state commonly seen in a secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism. It shares similarities on histology with parathyroid adenoma creating a diagnostic dilemma. Adequate history, biochemical investigations and radiological studies majorly supports the accurate diagnosis. Identifying correct state of hyperparathyroidism is essential in a view of therapeutic management and its outcome.
Spindle cell oncocytoma, a misdiagnosed rare entity of the pituitary – A case report with review of literature and special emphasis on the morphological differentials
Authors: Kottangal Gittwa Vatsaraj , Madhavan Lilly , Kuruvilla Shalini , Parameswaran Kavitha Kanjirakadu , Kollathodi Shehla Basheer
Published: November 2021

Spindle cell oncocytoma (SCO) of the pituitary is a rare tumor of the adenohypophysis occurring in the sellar/suprasellar region. This tumor has been recognized as a distinct entity by the  WHO Classification of CNS tumor in 2007. Spindle cell oncocytoma of the pituitary gland accounts for 0.1–0.4% of all sellar region tumors and is predominantly seen in the older adult population. This rare entity simulates clinical and radiological features of pituitary adenoma and is often misdiagnosed. Though WHO grade 1, the tumor can recur and have invasive properties. Herein, we report a 61-year-old woman with panhypopituitarism and temporal field cut, clinically and radiologically diagnosed as pituitary macroadenoma, while the histomorphological and immunohistochemistry features helped in arriving at a diagnosis of Spindle Cell Oncocytoma. The clinicopathological, histomorphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular properties of the tumor are further discussed.
SUNAT, un aliado que podría ayudar a encontrar indicios en contribuyentes que puedan estar cometiendo delitos de lavado de activos
Authors: Espinoza García Hugo , Rengifo Tovar Mayra
Published: November 2021

En el presente artículo se estudiarán las herramientas que podría utilizar la SUNAT para encontrar indicios en las utilidades, bienes y otros beneficios obtenidos de manera ilegal a través del delito de lavado de activo.
Integrated Use of Microalgae in Waste Water Purification and Processing of Food Industry Waste
Authors: Zibarev N.V. , Zhazhkov V.V. , Andrianova M.Yu. , Politaeva N.A. , Chusov A.N. , Maslikov V.I.
Published: November 2021

The processing of liquid and solid waste from the food industry using microalgae is considered on the example of St. Petersburg enterprises. Waste water from Baltika Brewing Campaign and food waste from public catering enterprises were used in the work, using the example of food waste from the canteens of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University. Тhe possibility of purifying wastewater from the brewing industry using microalgae was studied. The obtained biomass of microalgae after purification of waste water from the food industry is proposed to be used to accelerate the processes of anaerobic digestion of food waste generated in the canteens of the Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University. It has been shown that the addition of microalgae biomass is capable of accelerating the decomposition of food waste and producing more biogas with a maximum methane content.
Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep and Its Relation with Insomnia in Three Groups of Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Yazdi Zohreh , Soltanabadi Mahdi , Moradi Mohsen , Loukzadeh Ziba
Published: November 2021

Background and Objective: Reports have shown a link between dysfunctional beliefs about sleep and sleep disorders. We investigated the frequency of dysfunctional beliefs about sleep in three groups of patients suffering from psychiatric disorders (patients with major depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety).
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 150 patients with psychiatric disorders referred to psychiatry clinic affiliated to Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. Fifty patients were selected in each group (anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorder). Two questionnaires of Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep (DBAS) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were completed for all patients. Data were analyzed with Student’s t, chi-square, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation tests.
Results: A significant difference was observed between the three groups in the latency to fall asleep at night (P = 0.002) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) ≤ 5 (P = 0.002). Patients with anxiety and bipolar disorder more than other groups believed that insomnia caused loss of life joy (P = 0.010) and the only solution for sleeplessness was medication (P = 0.003), respectively. There was a significant relationship between sleep quality and anxiety (P = 0.030), total sleep time (P = 0.040), sleep latency (P = 0.020), and ISI (P < 0.010) with depression, awakening time during night, and bipolar disorder (P = 0.030).
Conclusion: Patients with psychiatric disorders have high frequency of dysfunctional beliefs about sleep. Regarding the relationship between dysfunctional beliefs about sleep and insomnia, future work is needed for better treatment.
Challenges of Using Modified Multiple Platforms to Induce Sleep Deprivation in Experimental Studies
Authors: Imani Alireza
Published: November 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
An Investigation on the Properties of Zingiber officinale Rose and Its Application in Nutrition and Medicine Based on Scientific and Islamic Texts
Authors: Fathi Hamed , Faraji Fatemeh , Esmaealzadeh Niusha , Eslami Shahram , Mohammadi Laeeni Mohammad Bagher
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Zingiber officinale Rose (ginger) has been used for many purposes in traditional medicine since 2500 years ago. This study intends to introduce the ginger plant, some of their applications in the field of human health in traditional and modern medicine, and their conformity with Islamic and Quranic findings.
Material and Methods: Administrative and therapeutic information of ginger plant has been searched in related and valid books, scientific databases including Web of Science, PubMed, SID, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Ginger keyword has been searched in the Quran and hadiths and its medicinal and pharmacological properties; also in traditional Persian medicine and laboratory studies, the day, was collected from published articles. In order to confirm the obtained information, it was matched with Quranic and narration versions, and the obtained information was analyzed, compiled, and presented.
Results: Avicenna has mentioned the positive effects of ginger in his Canon of Medicine. The Food and Drug Administration of the Ministry of Health in Iran has also introduced ginger as a dietary supplement. Ginger is one of those plants which name is mentioned in the Quran, in verse 17 of Surah Al-Insan. In narrations and quoting scientists as well as in modern medicine and articles, the effects and application of this plant in the field of medicine and nutrition have been mentioned.
Conclusion: The results have shown that the use of ginger in nutrition as a spice or supplement and in Persian medicine as a medicament has a scientific and practical basis, and studies on this issue are confirmed both in science and Islam. Findings obtained from laboratory and clinical studies can also be effective in the proper use and preparation of appropriate medicinal forms of this plant.
Characteristics of caregivers and households practicing bottle-feeding in Kisumu East District
Authors:   Great Lakes University of Kisumu, Kenya, Okeyo NO , Konyole SO ,   University of Nairobi Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Okeyo LA ,   Kenyatta University, Kenya, Abongo BO ,   Maseno University, Kenya, Onyango RO ,   Maseno University, Kenya
Published: November 2021

There is documented evidence of increased risk of infant mortality in formula-fed versus breast- fed infants and young children. The potential danger especially in resource-poor settings with poor water and sanitation conditions is well known. In reducing risks associated with the sanitation of feeding equipment, bottle-feeding is often discouraged with cup and spoon promoted as better alternatives. To determine the characteristics of caregivers and households with bottle-fed young under-twos in a rural community of Kisumu East district, a cross-sectional descriptive survey using a structured questionnaire was carried out. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Frequencies for non-continuous data were obtained and the relationship between the background variables and the bottle-feeding of the infant/child was established through the chi-square test. A total of 494 caregivers with young ones, under-twos, were interviewed. The findings from the study showed that of the 406 respondents addressing questions on bottle-feeding the previous night prior to the survey, 91 (22.4%) were practicing infant bottle-feeding. Answers to the question “who assisted the mother during delivery”, revealed that 88 children were bottle-fed, 38(43.2%) of whom were delivered under skilled attendance while out of the 314 children not bottle-fed, 145 (46.2%) were delivered under skilled attendance. Some of the indicators found to be significantly different included: main source of household income which was found to be significantly associated (p=0.044) with bottle-feeding, child’s age was significantly (P =0.008) different with respect to bottle-feeding and breast-feeding initiation after birth was significantly (p = 0.004) associated with bottle-feeding. The tendency to bottle-feed was lower among those with complete immunization status compared to those with incomplete immunization. This association with immunization indicates that facility delivery coupled with faithfulness in visits throughout the immunization schedule, promotes contact with the health facility staff and potentially has a significant role in promoting good infant and child feeding practices. In conclusion, infant/young child bottle-feeding is still a public health issue in resource-poor settings. Promotion of safe infant/young child feeding practices for improving nutritional and health status of children especially in the resource-poor settings should be advocated especially where bottle-feeding is still in high use. There is need for community-based strategies to bring about a change that addresses the current prevalence of bottle-feeding found in the study area.
Survey of postharvest handling, preservation and processing practices along the camel milk chain in Isiolo County, Kenya
Authors:   Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Marsabit, Kenya, Wayua FO , Okoth MW ,   University of Nairobi, Kenya, Wangoh J ,   University of Nairobi, Kenya
Published: November 2021

Despite the important contribution of camel milk to food security for pastoralists in Kenya, little is known about the postharvest handling, preservation and processing practices. In this study, existing postharvest handling, preservation and processing practices for camel milk by pastoralists in Isiolo, Kenya were assessed through crosssectional survey and focus group discussions. A total of 167 camel milk producer households, 50 primary and 50 secondary milk traders were interviewed. Survey findings showed that milking was predominantly handled by herds-boys (45.0%) or male household heads (23.8%) and occasionally by spouses (16.6%), sons (13.9%) and daughters (0.7%). The main types of containers used by both producers and traders to handle milk were plastic jerricans (recycled cooking oil containers), because they were cheap, light and better suited for transport in vehicles. Milk processing was the preserve of women, with fresh camel milk and spontaneously fermented camel milk (suusa) being the main products. Fresh milk was preserved by smoking of milk containers and boiling. Smoking was the predominant practice, and was for extending the shelf life and also imparting a distinct smoky flavour to milk. The milk containers were fumigated with smoke from burned wood of specific tree species such as Olea africana, Acacia nilotica, Balanities aegyptica and Combretum spp. Boiling was practised by primary milk traders at collection points to preserve milk during times when transport to the market was unavailable. Milk spoilage at the primary collection point in Kulamawe was aggravated by lack of cooling facilities. At the secondary collection point in Isiolo town, milk was refrigerated overnight before onward transmission to Nairobi. The mean quantity of traded milk was 83.2±3.8 litres. The main problems experienced by milk traders in Isiolo included milk spoilage (43.0% of respondents), delayed payments—after one or two days (19.9%), loss of money due to informal courier (12.2%), low prices of fermented milk (10.9%), milk rejection by customers in Nairobi (7.1%), inadequate supply during dry season (3.5%), loss of milk due to bursting of containers (2.1%) and milk not being supplied by producers due to insecurity (1.3%). In-depth understanding of the postharvest handling, preservation and processing practices would help to devise appropriate strategies that would increase the quantity and improve the quality of marketed camel milk. Such strategies should include the improvement of infrastructure such as milk transport, collection, cooling and processing facilities of suitable capacity.
Waloryzacja przestrzeni mieszkaniowej zmodyfikowaną metodą audytu miejskiego
Authors: Groeger Lidia , Lasek Kamil
Published: November 2021

Jakość przestrzeni mieszkaniowej nabiera współcześnie coraz większego znaczenia w powszechnym odczuciu społecznym. Towarzyszy temu intensywny rozwój badań nad jakością życia mieszkańców w zakresie zagospodarowania przestrzennego oraz społecznego postrzegania miejsca zamieszkania. Artykuł poświęcony został zastosowaniu metody audytu miejskiego do waloryzacji publicznej przestrzeni mieszkaniowej. Celem opracowania jest stworzenie wykazu modyfikacji ukierunkowujących oraz silniej dostosowujących wspomnianą metodę do badania struktur osiedlowych. Zasadnicza część zaproponowanych zmian opracowana została na podstawie badania waloryzacyjnego oraz ankietowego wykonanego na osiedlu Wyzwolenia w Piotrkowie Trybunalskim przy wykorzystaniu metody audytu miejskiego. Przeprowadzone analizy pozwoliły sformułować modyfikacje w obrębie skali ocen oraz katalogu cech poddawanych ocenie w ramach realizacji audytu. Uznano, iż charakter tych zmian odpowiada skali większości osiedli mieszkaniowych oraz pozwoli na precyzyjniejsze planowanie działań interwencyjnych w ramach polityki miejskiej. Prze­prowadzone badania pozwoliły również wskazać na istotną rolę badania społecznego jako uzupełniania dla wyników audytu sporządzonego dla podsystemu urbanistycznego. Jest ono zarazem formą uwzględnienia partycypacji społecznej w kształtowaniu wytycznych do gospodarowania przestrzenią mieszkaniową. Należy też zaznaczyć, iż w opracowaniu skupiono się na badaniu publicznej przestrzeni mieszkaniowej, jednak w zależności od założonych celów waloryzacja może zostać uzupełniona o ocenę prywatnej przestrzeni mieszkaniowej jako równoważnej składowej ogólnej kategorii badanej przestrzeni.
Transforming the Ich-Du to the Ich-Es: The Migrant as “Terrorist” in Kabir Khan’s New York and Kamila Shamsie’s Home Fire
Authors: Koshy Minu Susan
Published: November 2021

Terror narratives have been characterized by a dialogism where the “normative” I—i.e. the “non-threatening mainstream”—defines and delineates subjects whose identity is centred on their (actual or presumed) location in the terror network. This is especially so in the case of Asian migrants who settle down in Western countries, as their very identity as Asian locates them at a precarious point in the real or imagined “terror network.” The migrant is no longer the Du (Thou), but the Es (It), imparting an identity to the Ich (I), where the Ich denotes the “original” citizens of the country. The transactions of the “I” with the “Thou” and the “It” become significant in the context of Asian immigrants in that, for the dominant mainstream (the “I”), the “terrorist” is an Es/”It” that has gradually marked its transition from the Du/“Thou.” The person of the “terrorist” finds its ontological properties from the gradual movement away from a “Thou” to an “It.” The hitherto unbounded “Thou” is transformed into a definable “It,” by ascribing to her/him a religion, race, colour, nationality and ethnicity. He/she is not confronted, as every “Thou” is, but is rather “experienced” as a source of terror, as an “It.” The paper attempts to explore the transformation of the figure of the “migrant terrorist” from a confronted “Thou” to an “imagined/experienced” “It” through an analysis of New York (2009) by Kabir Khan and Home Fire (2017) by Kamila Shamsie.
Mer-Hagography: The Erasure, Return and Resonance of Splash’s Older Mermaid
Authors: Hayward Philip
Published: November 2021

The 1984 feature film Splash initially included a scene featuring an embittered, older mermaid (referred to as the “Merhag” or “Sea-Hag” by the production team) that was deleted before the final version premiered. Since that excision, the older mermaid and the scene she appeared in have been recreated by fans and the mer/sea-hag has come to comprise a minor element in contemporary online culture. The term “Merhag,” in particular, has also spread beyond the film, being taken up in fantasy fiction and being used—allusively and often pejoratively—to describe notional and actual female characters. Drawing on Mary Daly’s 1978 exploration of supressed female experiences and perspectives, this essay first examines Splash and associated texts with regard to the general figure of the hag in western culture (and with regard to negative, ageist perceptions of the ageing female), before discussing the use of “Merhag” and “Sea-Hag” as allusive pejoratives and the manner in which their negative connotations have been countered.
Lacanian Implications of Departures in Zemeckis’s Beowulf from Beowulf, the Old English Epic
Authors: Birlik Nurten
Published: November 2021

Although Robert Zemeckis’s film Beowulf (2007) is a re-writing of the Old English epic Beowulf with a shifting of perspective, certain details in the film can only be understood by referring to the poem. That is, a better understanding of the film is tied closely to an awareness of certain narrative elements in the epic. The emphasis on Beowulf in the poem shifts to the Mother in the film. This shift obviously leads to a recontextualization of the narrative elements of the former text. In the epic, Grendel is left without a father; however, in the film, he is fathered by Hrothgar but this biological fathering does not lead to linguistic castration. In their case, things are reversed: rather than the infant being castrated by the Law/language, the biological father is led to a psychic regression due to the son. This appears to be a dramatization of the conflicts between the (m)Other and the shared Other/the representative of the paternal metaphor: that is, Hrothgar. This time, the (m)Other conquers the representative of the paternal metaphor and annuls his masculinity, which radically changes the way in which we evaluate the course of events in the film. These departures make more sense if they are analyzed against the background of Lacanian epistemology. This paper aims to explore the film’s departures from the poem by approaching it from a Lacanian perspective.
“Never Trust a Survivor”: Historical Trauma, Postmemory and the Armenian Genocide in Kurt Vonnegut’s Bluebeard
Authors: Piechucka Alicja
Published: November 2021

The article focuses on Kurt Vonnegut’s lesser-known and underappreciated 1987 novel Bluebeard, which is analyzed and interpreted in the light of Marianne Hirsch’s seminal theory of postmemory. Even though it was published prior to Hirsch’s formulation of the concept, Vonnegut’s novel intuitively anticipates it, problematizing the implications of inherited, second-hand memory. To further complicate matters, Rabo Karabekian, the protagonist-narrator of Bluebeard, a World War II veteran, amalgamates his direct, painful memories with those of his parents, survivors of the Armenian Genocide. Both the novel and the theory applied to it centre on the problematics of historical and personal trauma, engendered by two genocides which are often the object of comparative analyses: the Armenian Genocide, also referred to as the Armenian Holocaust, and the Jewish Holocaust. The latter is central to Hirsch’s interdisciplinary work in the field of memory studies, encompassing literature, the visual arts and gender studies. In Bluebeard, Vonnegut holds to account a humanity responsible for the atrocities of twentieth-century history: two world wars and two genocides for which they respectively established the context. The article examines the American writer’s reflection on death and violence, man’s destructive impulse and annihilation. In a world overshadowed by memories of mass extermination, Vonnegut interrogates the possibility of a new beginning, pointing to women as agents of renewal and sociopolitical change. He also identifies the role that art plays in the process of potential reconstruction, the story of Karabekian, a failed artist and highly successful art collector, being a Künstlerroman with a feminist edge.
Tragic Victims of Mania a Potu (“Madness from Drink”): A Study of Literary Nineteenth-Century Female Drunkards
Authors: Rabinovich Irina
Published: November 2021

Temperance literature, though widely popular in America and Britain between 1830–80, lost its allure in the decades that followed. In spite of its didactic and moralistic nature, the public eagerly consumed temperance novels, thus reciprocating contemporaneous writers’ efforts to promote social ideals and mend social ills. The main aim of this paper is to redress the critical neglect that the temperance prose written by women about women has endured by looking at three literary works—two novellas and one confessional novelette—written by mid-nineteenth-century American female writers. These works serve as a prism through which the authors present generally “tabooed” afflictions such as inebriation among high-class women and society’s role in perpetuating such behaviors. The essay examines the conflicting forces underlying such representations and offers an inquiry into the restrictive and hostile social climate in mid-nineteenth-century America and the lack of medical attention given to alcohol addicts as the possible causes that might have prompted women’s dangerous behaviors, including inebriation. This paper also demonstrates the cautious approach that nineteenth-century female writers had to take when dealing with prevalent social ills, such as bigotry, hypocrisy and disdain directed at female drunkards. It shows how these writers, often sneered at or belittled by critics and editors, had to maneuver very carefully between the contending forces of openly critiquing social mores, on the one hand, and not being censored, on the other.
Mesmerization with the Lights On: Poe’s “The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar”
Authors: Tindol Robert
Published: November 2021

Edgar Allan Poe’s eerie short story “The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar” is a particularly noteworthy example of the sublime, a psychological state in which one is overwhelmed by the magnitude of that which is perceived by the mind. Valdemar exemplifies the sublime in that his death has somehow been suspended in time because he was under hypnosis as part of a medical experiment at the moment of his passing. However, the story also draws particular attention to the means by which insight into the nature of death is acquired by the hypnotist who narrates the story. For a more comprehensive understanding of the sublime experience, one may turn to the psychoanalytic theory of Jacques Lacan and the postmodernist work of Slavoj Žižek, which lead to the conclusion that the dramatic chain of events in “Valdemar” is an example of the sliding signifier, and, moreover, that the instability of the signifier may explain the sublime effect.
One Hundred Frogs in Steve McCaffery’s The Basho Variations
Authors: Kocot Monika
Published: November 2021

The article discusses Steve McCaffery’s The Basho Variations with a focus on various modes of transtranslation/transcreation/transaption of Matsuo Bashō’s famous frog haiku. The emphasis is placed on the complexities (of the processuality) of transtranslation which deliberately alters, distorts and reimagines the source text. The intercultural and intertextual quality of McCaffery’s poems is discussed in the context of multilevel references to classical Japanese aesthetics of haiku writing. The comparative reading of McCaffery’s and Bashō’s texts foregrounds the issue of events, or “frogmentary events,” and the importance of the role of the reader in completing poetic messages.
Episodic Literary Movement and Translation: Ideology Embodied in Prefaces
Authors: Khademnabi Mir Mohammad
Published: November 2021

This paper discusses translation practices from a historicist viewpoint, contextualizing them in their emerging “episode.” The latter is a concept drawn from sociology of literature and accounts for the rise of certain discourses and ideologies in a society. On the basis of the argument that translation practices are informed by the general literary and socio-cultural milieu in which they are produced and consumed (also known as ideology of representation), the paper studies the translators’ prefaces to three translations published between 1953 and 1978—a period dominated by Leftist and Marxist discourse in Iran. Drawing on a historically oriented model which holds that the translator’s ideology is revealed at the moment in which he/she chooses a text, and continues through the discourse he/she develops to translate that text, the research embarks on studying translation practices on two levels of choice mechanism and prefaces. Prefaces are discussed in the light of the dominant ideology of representation that is characterized by a revolutionary discourse. The research demonstrates that these translators opted for a strategy that incorporates the translations in the Persian cultural setting with minor changes in a way that politicizes the foreign literature.
From minerals to new materials. Priorities in the production of materials in the 21st century
Authors:   Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, Askhabov A. M.
Published: November 2021

The characteristic features of the search, production and engineering of new materials in modern conditions are considered. We discuss the change of paradigm in materials production, associated with the transition from experience-based production of materials to the task-oriented production of materials based on knowledge and new technologies. The current agenda of innovative materials science includes “smart” materials and nature-like technologies. Nanotechnology has become a reality, capable of controlling and operating matter and processes on the nanometer scale. The priorities of the new stage of production (creation) materials are indicated. A great leap forward is expected in the following directions: 1) application of new nanotechnological concepts suggesting direct influence and action on separate atoms; 2) creating “smart” materials, materials — devices, materials — machines; 3) discovering, forecasting and design of new material absent in the nature; 4) producing materials under extreme conditions and for extreme conditions; 5) producing bioorganic materials and materials reproducing living matter; 6) developing so-called nature-like technologies.
Unknown letter of L. A. Popugaeva from the archive of Professor D. P. Grigoriev
Authors:   Russian Mineralogical Society, Voytekhovsky Yu. L.
Published: November 2021

The article publishes previously unknown documents about L. A. Popugaeva from the personal archive of Professor D. P. Grigoriev, stored in the Commission on the History of the Russian Mineralogical Society: her letter from Nyurba dated August 5, 1956, a letter from VSEGEI with a request for guidance of a graduate student L. A. Popugaeva, a letter from CNILKS with a request for consultation signed by L. A. Popugaeva herself, as well as agendas for meetings of the Mineralogical Society and dissertations on the diamond problem. All documents are original, attributed and chronologically correlated with previously published documents. They are very valuable for the history of mineralogy as actual evidence of distant events. First of all, the documents mark the main stages of the life and scientific activity of an outstanding geologist, the discoverer of indigenous diamonds in Yakutia, L. A. Popugaeva. Secondly, they show her activity in the last professional field — the study of gemstone raw materials of the North-West Russia, mainly the Kola Peninsula. The article is dedicated to the date of the untimely death of L. A. Popugaeva.
Highly effective silver oxides: influence of oxygen concentration on antibacterial activity against clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors:   Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Gordina E.M. , Bozhkova S.A. ,   Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Erusin A.A. ,   JSC "Rtkt"
Published: November 2021

Aim of study. Comparative analysis of antibacterial activity of silver oxides (Ag0,2O, Ag1 O, Ag2 O) in relation to clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus obtained from patients with orthopaedic infection. Material and methods. Films of silver oxides were coated on paper surface in vacuum via the method of ion-plasma arc sputtering of the metallic target. Isolation of S.aureus was performed via standard manual methods from January to June 2021, identification was carried out via the MALDI-TOF-MS method. Sensitivity to antibiotics was evaluated according to EUCAST (2021, v.11.0) requirements. Antibacterial activity of the silver oxide samples obtained against 130 clinical strains of S.aureus was analysed in liquid nutrient broth with subsequent measurement of optical density. Results. Over 90% of the clinical strains of S.aureus isolated from patients with orthopaedic infection were sensitive to the silver oxides obtained. The amount of oxygen in the compound exerted almost no influence on the sensitivity to the oxides: even a minimum ratio between silver and oxygen provided a pronounced antibacterial effect. Additionally, the sensitivity to silver oxides did not depend on the MRSA resistance phenotype and the compounds were effective against XDR strains of S.aureus in 96.7% of the cases. Conclusion. All tested samples of silver oxides (Ag0,2O, Ag1 O, Ag2O) were characterised by pronounced antibacterial activity against S. aureus. The data obtained point to prospects in application of silver oxides for prevention and treatment of orthopaedic infection induced by Staphylococcus aureus without regard for the sensitivity phenotype of the pathogen.
A DISTRIBUTION MAP OF CHILDHOOD TUBERCULOSIS IN AGE GROUP OF 0-14 YEARS BY THE COVERAGE OF EXCLUSIVE BREAST MILK AND BCG IMMUNIZATION
Authors: Astuty Etika Indri , Hendrati Lucia Yovita
Published: November 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) can infect all age groups, even children. Three provinces in Indonesia namely West Java (14%), Papua (13%), and Bangka Belitung provinces (11%) have the highest proportion of children with TB disease. Some previous research reveals that there is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and BCG immunization status of children with TB disease. This current study identified the increasing trend of children (aged 0-14 years) with TB disease in Bangka Belitung province based on the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding and BCG immunization. It was observational research with a cross-sectional design. Data were retrieved from seven districts/cities in Bangka Belitung province in 2015-2017. The unit of analysis was the number of overall TB cases, the percentage of BCG immunization coverage, and exclusive breastfeeding. The data were analyzed using the Health Mapper application version 4.3.0.0 with product version 4.03. The number of children (aged 0-14 years) with TB disease increased from 2015-2017, and BCG immunization coverage and exclusive breastfeeding decreased in 2015-2016 only, but swelled in 2016-2017. The number of TB cases was still high despite the high coverage of exclusive breastfeeding and BCG immunization. Several factors such as the quality of vaccines and exclusive breastfeeding might influence the prevalence of TB in children. Future studies should employ more variables to garner more references.
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Fungi Endofit Umbi Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) sebagai Antibakteri
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Fazrul , Imaningsih Witiyasti , Sari Sasi Gendro
Published: November 2021

Medicinal plants such as porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) can produce bioactive compounds from plants-associated endophytes. Therefore, medicinal plants were a sources of isolation of endophytic fungi and endophytic fungi were a sources of secondary metabolites that have anticancer, antimalarial, antimicrobial, and so on. A Porang tuber has been used as a medicine for boils, medicine for sliced wounds and medicine for wounds due to venomous animal bites. The research was aimed to carry out isolation and characterization of endophytic fungi from porang tuber, and to test the ability of endophytic fungi from porang tuber as antibacterial against gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. Isolation of endophytic fungi from porang tubers succeeded in getting five different fungi isolates. Based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, endophytic fungi isolated from porang tuber were members of the genus Curvularia, Penicillium, 2 isolates of Aspergillus, and 1 isolate that had not been identified. Porang endophytic fungi had antibacterial activity against S. aureus, but did not have antibacterial activity against E. coli bacteria. Endophytic fungi that had antibacterial activity were Curvularia sp., Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp.
Sensitivity And Specificity Of Crandal And Ilayperuma’s Formula To Predict Adult Weight And Height
Authors: Kharisna Dendy , Wardah Wardah , Febtrina Rizka
Published: November 2021

Many medical conditions do not allow direct weighing or measurement of body height. The circumference of the upper arm (CUA) is an alternative in determining body weight, while the ulna length can be used as an alternative for height. The aim of this study was to identify the sensitivity and specificity of Crandal and Ilayperuma’s Formula to predict adult weight and height in Indonesia, especially in Pekanbaru. This study conducted using a quantitative approach with cross sectional design and involving 116 respondents who recruited using accidental sampling. The instrument used is a questionnaire, manual weight scales, metlin, and heel microtoise. Data were analyzed using spearman to aand logistic regression test. The results showed that the sensitivity value of the Crandal and Ilayperuma’s formula were 78,2% and 63,4%. Meanwhile, the specificity value of Crandal and Ilayperuma’s formula were 75,4% and 80%. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) values in the Crandal and Ilayperuma formulas were 76,7% and 70,7%. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the Crandal and Ilayperuma’s formula can be used as an alternative in determining the estimation of weight and height of adults in Indonesia, even with moderate diagnostic power.
Application of Process Hierarchy Analysis as A Direction of Economic Development in West Coast District
Authors: Hardani Feri , Gunarto Toto , Aida Neli
Published: November 2021

West Coast District as a district that has just been established must be able to catch up with progress in other areas, of course as a new district, the hope is that this area will expand so that the region can develop more independently and bring prosperity to the residents of the West Coast District, economic development can be done by through community aspirations or what is commonly referred to as community participation in development, so that in the development process the community is involved and the development implemented will be right on the recommendation. This study aims to determine how the perceptions of the people of the West Coast District regarding regional economic development, and which sectors want to become development priorities, with the great potential that the region has, namely tourism which is well known even to foreign countries, making people want the local government to make the tourism sector as a tourism sector. sectors that are prioritized for development. This study uses process hierarchy analysis (AHP), as a method to see people's perceptions of development.Keywords:Strategy; Region, Priority, Economic
The Effect of Remittance, Consumption, and FDI on Economic Growth in ASEAN Countries
Authors: Mariska Mega , Hamzah Lies Maria , Ratih Arivina
Published: November 2021

One of the main indicators seen in reviewing the relationship between international workers and economic growth is remittances. Remittances obtained from workers abroad are one of the major sources of finance for developing countries. Remittances are also a source of finance in increasing migrant household incomes which encourage improved consumption which will affect economic growth. This study was conducted to explore the impact of migrant remittances, consumption and FDI on economic growth in 10 ASEAN countries using annual panel data from 2015-2019. This study uses panel data regression analysis with the Random Effect Model (REM) approach. The results showed that remittances, consumption and FDI positively and significantly contributed to economic growth in 10 ASEAN countries. Significant contribution of migrant remittances in economic growth if their use is directed to more productive sectors such as use in the investment sector can help the economies of ASEAN countries to maintain and increase economic growth. The government needs to improve the quality of migrant workers through education because a high level of education will affect the level of wages received by migrants and will have an impact on increasing remittances. The limitation in this study is the use of limited data, for 2020 it is not included in the data set used in the analysis. For this reason, further research should use 2020 data because in 2020 there be a new phenomenon, namely COVID-19 which can be traced to the impact of this phenomenon on remittances. Keywords: Remittances, Migrant, Economic Growth, Panel Data
The Molecular Mechanisms of Estrogen Receptor α on Two Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms to Regulate WNT Signaling in Osteoblasts
Authors:   ,   University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Suthon Sarocha
Published: November 2021

Osteoporosis is the most common bone metabolic disorder, affecting over 200 million people globally. It is characterized by bone mass depletion and microarchitectural deterioration, leading to bone fragility and susceptibility to bone fracture. Genetic factors, estrogen deficiency, and dysregulation of the WNT signaling pathway contribute to the development of this disease. Genome-wide association studies have predicted that the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2887571 and rs9921222 associate with low bone mass, but the mechanism of these SNPs has remained unknown. Analysis of osteoblasts from 112 different joint replacement patients reveals that the genotype of rs2887571 correlates with WNT5B expression, and the genotype of rs9921222 correlates with AXIN1 expression. Mechanistically, SNP rs2887571 has less binding of ERα and NFATc1 to allele A than allele G, resulting in more expression of WNT5B in homozygous AA than homozygous GG. Furthermore, WNT5B exhibits distinct effects from other WNTs on osteoblastogenesis. WNT5B increases mesenchymal stem cell proliferation, promotes adipogenesis, and suppresses osteoblast differentiation via ROR1/2, then activates DVL2/3, Rac1/Cdc42, JNK, and SIN3A signaling, as well as inhibits ROCK2 and β-catenin activity. For SNP rs9921222, homozygous TT has a higher expression of AXIN1 than homozygous CC. Molecular analysis shows that GATA4 favors binding at rs9921222 allele T to promote AXIN1 expression; in contrast, ERα prefers to bind at allele C to suppress the expression, resulting in more expression of AXIN1 in homozygous TT than homozygous CC. Functionally, the level of AXIN1 negatively correlates with the level of active β-catenin, which enhances osteoblast differentiation. Taken together, the biological mechanisms of SNPs rs2887571 and rs9921222, which are associated with osteoporosis via the WNT signaling pathway, are revealed, as well as the inhibitory effect of WNT5B on osteoblastogenesis. These data will be the fundamental knowledge for the development of osteoporosis prediction and therapeutic strategies.