bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resolución del caso
Authors: Pérez Abdala Juan Ignacio , Scarpaci Tomás , Albergo José Ignacio , Farfalli Germán , Aponte Tinao Luis
Published: February 2025

Las fracturas por estrés requieren una evaluación exhaustiva para distinguirlas de procesos neoplásicos. Esta incluye la anamnesis, el examen físico y los estudios complementarios. Se propone un algoritmo diagnóstico.
Современный автор/читатель через призму текста в интернет-издании
Authors: Старовойтова Ольга Альбертовна , Оскарева Надежда Сергеевна
Published: February 2025

Изучение проблемы читателя (адресата) как текстообразующего фактора современной медиаком-муникации наряду с очевидным практическим выходом имеет важное теоретическое значение, способствуя развитию лингвистической науки (напр., установление характера взаимодействия участников коммуникации посредством текста, выявление причин ее удач/неудач). Так антропо-центричность проявляется в медиадискурсе, что делает его привлекательным объектом исследова-ния в аспекте проблемы «автор – читатель». Стремительное развитие информационных технологий неизбежно влечет за собой изменения в жизни общества. Их внедрение и быстрое распространение привело к тому, что социальные сети стали значительно уступать мессенджерам по информацион-ному обеспечению. Среди последних выделяется мессенджер Telegram, на платформе которого легко можно создать собственный канал и привлекать аудиторию. Достижение максимального эффекта от коммуникации в этой сфере невозможно без выявления целевой аудитории и нахождения с ней общего языка, что актуализирует в современных медиатекстах фактор «адресата» (читателя). По наблюдениям авторов, новостные заметки Telegram-канала Mash пользуются популярностью у чи-тателей, что обусловило обращение к текстам, представленным на платформе. Позиционирование каналом себя в качестве «паблика новостей» определяет целеустановку автора(-ов) текстов – пере-дать читателю новую, актуальную, социально значимую информацию. Прагматическая составля-ющая категории адресата реализуется через содержание текста и его языковое наполнение. Темы новостных заметок разнообразны, и создается впечатление, что зачастую тексты определенной те-матики сориентированы на конкретного читателя, будучи и в языковом отношении когерентны его тезаурусу личности и языковой картине мира. Залог успешной коммуникации с аудиторией состоит в том, что авторы текстов на канале ориентированы на читателей разных возрастных категорий и социальных групп и используют различные приемы и языковые средства, привлекающие их внима-ние. Одним из заметных приемов является прецедентный феномен. Они разнообразны и «работа-ют» на разную аудиторию. Благодаря структуре, прецедентным единицам и экспрессивной лексике создается текст, сходный по духу с анекдотом. Рассказанная история может показаться комичной или саркастичной, грустной и трагичной; в ней текст часто имеет подтекст, понятный не всем чита-телям. Такая усложненная структура на первый взгляд простой новостной заметки создает эффект полифоничности текста, и это способствует тому, что он оказывается одинаково интересным раз-ным группам читателей, основные профили которых выделены в статье.
Academic Onomastics in Belarus (the second half of the 20th century – the first decades of the 21st century)
Authors: Shkliaryk Vadzim
Published: February 2025

The definition “academic onomastics” refers to an onomastic scientific field, researched at Jakub Kolas Institute of Linguistics, the branch of the Center for the Belarusian Culture, Language and Literature Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (referred to as Jakub Kolas Institute of Linguistics hereinafter). It should be noted that at Jakub Kolas Institute of Linguistics the academic onomastic school developed in the absence of an official onomastic division. The only academic institution whose activities are directly related to onomastics is the Republican Toponymic Commission under the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. This commission was established at Jakub Kolas Institute of Linguistics in 1991. It is a special science advisory centre for various problems of toponymy.

The title of the founder of the Belarusian academic onomastic school is generally given to Mikalaj Biryla (1923–1992), a famous Belarusian expert in the field of anthroponymy. Another prominent representative of the Belarusian academic onomastic school is Valiancina Liemciuhova (1935–2018), whose works are mainly devoted to issues of toponymy. Since 2011, the activity of the Belarusian academic onomastic school has been connected primarily with Ihar Kapyloŭ, the current director of Jakub Kolas Institute of Linguistics. According to the collected data, the majority of candidate and doctoral dissertations on onomastics, related to the Belarusian academic onomastic school, analyse toponyms. This allows us to speak about the toponymic profile of the activity of this school. This fact is also confirmed by comparing the number of books on anthroponymy and toponymy produced by the staff of Jakub Kolas Institute of Linguistics.

The history of Belarusian academic onomastic school started almost 60 years ago, with the publishing of the very first book on onomastics prepared at Jakub Kolas Institute of Linguistics (titled Dictionary of Personal Proper Names and published in 1965). Over the years, representatives of this school authored or supervised 20 candidate and doctoral dissertations on onomastics, which accounts for about a third of all such dissertations in Belarus today. Over the period of almost 60 years representatives of the Belarusian academic onomastic school prepared 20 books and 7 collections of papers and conference proceedings, and hosted 3 scientific conferences. All this allowed Jakub Kolas Institute of Linguistics to be regarded as one of the largest onomastic centres in Belarus.
His bundle pacing. Technical aspects and evidence base for use as an alternative to cardiac resynchronization therapy and conventional electrical pacing
Authors: Krivolapov S. N. , Gorev M. V. , Gulyaev Yu. Yu. , Khlynin M. S. , Batalov R. E.
Published: February 2025

His bundle pacing is a direct pacing of the specialized His-Purkinje conduction system with the aim of physiological ventricular activation, in contrast to the dyssynchronous activation by conventional myocardial pacing.

In this review article on His-Purkinje conduction system pacing, the authors evaluate the available data and current practice, and assess emerging and future directions in this fast growing area. We analyzed the available publications on His bundle and conduction system pacing.

Since the first report of permanent His-bundle pacing (HBP) in 2000, the earliest incarnation of stylet-driven technique has been replaced by the more effective non-stylet-driven approach. Widespread adoption has generated a large evidence base. Single-center observational studies have been complemented by large multicenter international registries, mechanistic studies, and the first randomized controlled trials. New data have clarified the mechanisms of РИЗ and illustrated the nature and extent of its potential benefits in preventing pacing cardiomyopathy and correcting bundle branch block.

Conduction system stimulation is the most physiological type of cardiac pacing in patients with a narrow QRS complex. Conduction system pacing may be an effective alternative to biventricular pacing in cardiac resynchronization therapy. Randomized controlled trials are needed to expand the evidence base.
Adverse effects of intracardiac dyssynchrony and right ventricular pacing on contractile function and prognosis
Authors: Andreev D. Yu. , Glezer M. G. , Kalemberg A. A.
Published: February 2025

Pacemaker-induced cardiomyopathy (PICM) is a complication of frequent right ventricular pacing, which in most studies is regarded as a decrease in the left ventricular ejection fraction with constant right ventricular pacing. However, cases of PICM with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction are insufficiently described, since the onset most often occurs as a phenotype of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The paper analyzes the studies on the role of constant right ventricular pacing and its contribution to PICM development.
The anatomy of neotropical galls and the untold lessons about the morphogenetical potentialities of plants
Authors: Isaias Rosy Mary dos Santos , Kraus Jane Elizabeth , Costa Elaine Cotrim , Carneiro Renê Gonçalves da Silva
Published: February 2025

Abstract Plant anatomists perceive the plant body as the dynamic result of complex developmental processes which may deviate during gall development. Gall development involves local responses forming a morphophysiological continuum with the host plant organ, which can be addressed by anatomical studies. We revisited the history of galls in Brazil, as well as their morphogenetical potentialities and integration with entomological, chemical, physiological, and ecological approaches. The Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Melastomataceae, and Asteraceae are the main hosts of the Brazilian gall morphotyes, which can be classified according to their three-dimensional shapess. Anatomical tools have been used to map cell and tissue fates in gall morphotypes, revealing the potential of plant tissue systems to overexpress or inhibit standard plant development. In-depth anatomical, cytological, histochemical, and immunocytochemical techniques have greatly expanded the knowledge of gall traits and plant cell responses. The new structures of galls hosted on leaves, stems, roots, and reproductive organs show consistent tissue specialization regarding the dermal and ground tissue systems, with the gall’s vascular system being connected to preexisting or newly formed bundles of the host plant. Due to the diverse stressors imposed on plant tissues, gall anatomy reveals adaptive responses that can be addressed from several perspectives, including citizen science initiatives.
POLIANA AO AVESSO: A NEGATIVIDADE DA IMAGEM ASSOCIADA A DEFICIÊNCIA COMO ARTÍFICIO DA PROMESSA INCLUSIVA
Authors: Martins Piccolo Gustavo
Published: February 2025

Este ensaio teórico, constituído mediante processo de revisão literária, objetiva destacar como a associação de uma representação negativa a pessoa com deficiência, historicamente descrita na literatura em uma miríade de paisagens de exclusão, faz parte de um insidioso, mas potente artifício que visa tornar palatáveis e defensáveis as promessas de inclusão por normalização características da Idade Moderna e Idade Contemporânea. Para tanto, o texto analisa de forma comparada alguns dos eventos aterradores mais emblemáticos narrados ao longo da história na complexa relação estabelecida entre pessoa com deficiência e sociedade, contudo, o faz sob uma perspectiva construcionista, pontuando contradições na maneira como tais fenômenos foram retratados. Ademais, o ensaio analisa as mudanças na forma em se compreender a categoria deficiência, asseverando a necessidade de elaboração de uma perspectiva analítica em que a justiça social e a igualdade de acesso devem ser alcançadas mediante remoção de barreiras, denúncia do capacitismo, valorização da diferença da deficiência, acesso a serviços e construção de espaços acessíveis, em outros termos, mudando a forma do mundo e não a forma dos corpos, tomando a apropriação destes elementos como um processo eminentemente educacional que deve fazer parte dos currículos e do processo de formação dos professores e estudantes.
Dinâmica de divulgação dos principais assuntos de auditoria no Brasil e em Portugal
Authors: Dal Bem Venturini Lauren , Agostini Elis Carlot , Bianchi Márcia
Published: February 2025

O estudo analisa os Principais Assuntos de Auditoria (PAA) reportados pelos auditores independentes nas companhias não financeiras listadas na Bolsa de Valores Brasileira e na Euronext Lisbon de 2016 a 2021. Para tanto, em uma amostra de 460 companhias, realizou-se análise de conteúdo por sentença do conteúdo informacional de 4.733 PAA de 1.775 Relatórios de Auditoria Independente (RAI), aglutinando-os em categorias, até o menor nível possível: i) 25 itens do Ibracon (2017; 2018); ii) 6 classes da ACCA (2018); e iii) 2 itens de risco de Sierra-García et al. (2019) e Lennox et al. (2022). Ainda, por meio da análise descritiva, examinou-se o total de PAA por ano, setor, firma de auditoria, ciclo de vida e adição/eliminação. Os resultados indicam: média de 3 PAA por companhia; elevação de 2016 a 2017 e queda de 2017 a 2021, implicando anualmente mais exclusão do que adição; as big four auditaram a maior parte da amostra; mais PAA em empresas no ciclo de vida de maturidade; e o conteúdo substancialmente sobre riscos dos demonstrativos financeiros. Essas evidências permitem às partes interessadas no RAI compreenderem que há tendência nos PAA divulgados de quantidade e conteúdo informacional, sendo relativamente sobre aspectos financeiros subjetivos, complexos e desafiadores que demandam envolvimento dos auditores.
Dynamics of disclosure of key audit issues in Brazil and Portugal
Authors: Dal Bem Venturini Lauren , Agostini Elis Carlot , Bianchi Márcia
Published: February 2025

The study analyzes the Key Audit Matters (KAM) reported by independent auditors in non-financial companies listed on the Brazilian Stock Exchange and Euronext Lisbon from 2016 to 2021. For this purpose, a sample of 460 companies was used, and content analysis was performed on 4.733 KAM from 1.775 Independent Audit Reports (IAR), categorizing them at the lowest possible level: i) 25 items from Ibracon (2017; 2018); ii) 6 classes from ACCA (2018); and iii) 2 risk items from Sierra-García et al. (2019) and Lennox et al. (2022). Additionally, through descriptive analysis, the total number of KAM was examined by year, sector, audit firm, life cycle, and addition/elimination. The results indicate: an average of 3 KAM per company; an increase from 2016 to 2017 and a decline from 2017 to 2021, implying more eliminations than additions annually; the big four audited the majority of the sample; more KAM were reported in companies in the maturity phase of their life cycle; and the content was predominantly about financial statement risks. These findings help stakeholders in the IAR understand that there is a trend in the quantity and informational content of KAM, which are relatively focused on subjective, complex, and challenging financial aspects that require auditor involvement.
Mensuração do risco operacional em cooperativas de crédito brasileiras
Authors: Cordeiro Fernanda , Bressan Valéria Gama Fully , Francisco Jose Roberto de Souza , Amaral Hudson Fernandes , Cruz Niara Goncalves da
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste estudo é propor proxies observáveis para medir o risco operacional em cooperativas de crédito. Este trabalho é importante por várias razões: ele aumenta a transparência ao utilizar métricas acessíveis ao público, permite a comparação entre instituições, facilitando a identificação de melhores práticas e áreas de melhoria, e promove a estabilidade financeira ao avaliar o desempenho ao longo do tempo, contribuindo para uma gestão eficaz de riscos operacionais no setor cooperativo. Com base em um levantamento sistemático da literatura, os resultados mostram que é possível medir o risco operacional de cooperativas de crédito sem acesso a informações internas. Essas proxies podem ser testadas pelas cooperativas, melhorando os processos de decisão em situações de risco e sendo debatidas por pesquisadores. As implicações do estudo incluem o aumento da transparência no setor, maior confiança dos membros e do público, além de auxiliar reguladores na identificação de fragilidades no sistema financeiro cooperativo e ampliar a discussão sobre a mensuração de risco operacional. Diferente de estudos que utilizam dados internos, este trabalho oferece proxies que permitem a comparabilidade e análise setorial.
Measuring Operational Risk in Brazilian Credit Unions
Authors: Cordeiro Fernanda , Bressan Valéria Gama Fully , Francisco Jose Roberto de Souza , Amaral Hudson Fernandes , Cruz Niara Goncalves da
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study is to propose observable proxies to measure operational risk in credit unions. This work is significant for several reasons: it enhances transparency by utilizing publicly accessible metrics, enables comparisons between institutions facilitating the identification of best practices and areas for improvement and promotes financial stability by evaluating performance over time, contributing to effective operational risk management in the cooperative sector. Based on a systematic literature review, the results demonstrate that it is possible to measure operational risk in credit unions without access to internal information. These proxies can be tested by cooperatives, improving decision-making processes in risk situations and fostering debate among researchers. The study's implications include increased transparency in the sector, greater trust from members and the public, support for regulators in identifying weaknesses in the cooperative financial system, and broadening the discussion on operational risk measurement. Unlike studies that rely on internal data, this work offers proxies that enable comparability and sectoral analysis.
Influência do compartilhamento de informações e da incerteza ambiental na relação entre o uso do sistema orçamentário e o desempenho inovador em startups brasileiras
Authors: Horz Vagner , Silva Leonardo Anésio da , Zonatto Vinícius Costa da Silva
Published: February 2025

Esta pesquisa analisa o efeito do compartilhamento de informações e da incerteza ambiental na relação do uso do sistema orçamentário e o desempenho inovador. Foi aplicada uma pesquisa survey em startups brasileiras, que resultou em 121 respondentes. Os dados foram analisados utilizando modelagem de equações estruturais, por mínimos quadrados parciais. Os achados demonstram que a relação entre uso sistema orçamentário e desempenho inovador é significante, apontam que os mecanismos orçamentários desempenham um papel fundamental como alicerce gerencial nos processos de inovação das startups. O uso do sistema orçamentário contribui para o desempenho inovador em diferentes graus de incerteza ambiental, promovendo um suporte às tomadas de decisão e à geração de oportunidades de negócios. O estudo tem implicações que ressaltam o papel fundamental dos mecanismos orçamentários nos processos de inovação das startups e destacam aos gestores a importância de considerar a incerteza ambiental em fomentar o planejamento e controles para sustentar um ambiente propício à inovação. Para estudos futuros sugerimos incluir variáveis organizacionais, como o compartilhamento de conhecimento e a eficácia organizacional, com vistas a potencializar a utilização do orçamento e o desempenho inovador.
Desenvolvimento da turbulência ambiental sistêmica
Authors: Gomes Adhmir Renan Voltolini , Hein Nelson , Kroenke Adriana
Published: February 2025

Como a teoria contingencial fundamenta os conceitos de ambiente organizacional? Embora pareça uma questão simples, exige mais reflexões a respeito de como surgiu essa teoria e como os ambientes passaram de simples para complexos, turbulentos e hiperturbulentos. O ambiente organizacional foi abordado de formas diferentes ao longo dos estudos antecedentes, tanto de desenvolvimento, quanto de consolidação da teoria contingencial. Primeiramente, nota-se que apenas características de incerteza eram consideradas como variável ambiental para manter uma estrutura adequada, como por exemplo, organicistas ou mecanicista. Contudo, a descrição do ambiente ainda era ampla, mas em 1972, um divisor de águas nos componentes ambientais surgiu ao descrever componentes internos e externos e aproveitando os conceitos de contextos de turbulência ambiental. Nesse sentido, o aprofundamento dos conceitos de ambiente dos estudos contingenciais e de turbulência tiveram dois notáveis precursores. Nesse sentido, surgiram medidas de turbulência ambiental consistentes, voltadas a medidas de percepção. Deste modo, agregaram a turbulência ambiental aos estudos de contingência. Todavia, a turbulência ambiental começou a agregar outras turbulências nesses constructos, o que deixa evidente que uma visão mais abrangente é necessária. Dessa forma, direcionamento de esforços de turbulência ambiental constitui uma visão holística de contingências que mensure eventualidades em nível de empresa, setores e países. Talvez, a maior dificuldade se trata da ampla gama de variáveis sociais e econômicas para formar esses constructos, pois a definição do quanto cada uma é relevante para o ambiente das empresas ainda permanece uma incógnita.
Development of Systemic Environmental Turbulence
Authors: Gomes Adhmir Renan Voltolini , Hein Nelson , Kroenke Adriana
Published: February 2025

How does contingency theory underpin the concepts of the organizational environment? Although it may seem like a simple question, it requires further reflection on how this theory emerged and how environments have evolved from simple to complex, turbulent, and hyper-turbulent. The organizational environment was addressed differently in earlier studies, both during the development and the consolidation of contingency theory. Initially, only characteristics of uncertainty were considered as environmental variables necessary to maintain an adequate structure for example, in organic or mechanistic organizations. However, the description of the environment remained broad until 1972, when a watershed moment occurred by delineating internal and external components and incorporating the concepts of environmental turbulence contexts. In this regard, the deepening of environmental concepts in contingency and turbulence studies had two notable pioneers. Consequently, consistent measures of environmental turbulence were developed, focusing on perceptual assessments. This integration brought environmental turbulence into contingency studies. Nonetheless, environmental turbulence began to encompass other forms of turbulence within these constructs, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive perspective. Thus, efforts directed toward environmental turbulence represent a holistic view of contingencies that aims to measure eventualities at the company, sector, and country levels. Perhaps the greatest challenge lies in the wide array of social and economic variables required to form these constructs, as determining the relevance of each factor to the business environment remains an open question.
Loyalty and Perception of Reliability in E-Government Services: The Brazilian Case
Authors: Michiles Junior Nilson Romero , Ari Mariano Melo , João Gabriel De Moraes Souza
Published: February 2025

This research provides an analytical exploration into digital transformation in public services, with a focus on Brazil's GOV.BR platform. It critically examines how citizens' trust and satisfaction influence their loyalty to e-government services. Supported by structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), the study is based on established frameworks in e-government literature. Our analysis reveals that service quality significantly influences citizen loyalty, with an adjusted R2 value of 71.2%, highlighting its importance in the e-government domain. Contrary to expectations, trust in the government showed a non-significant direct impact on citizen satisfaction and loyalty. These findings provide critical insights for policymakers and practitioners in improving the efficacy and adoption of e-government services.
Proposal for a Cybersecurity Framework for the Digital Transformation of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Mozambique: Position Paper
Authors: Roberto Amade Micaela , Henrique São Mamede  , Leonilde Reis  , Ramiro Gonçalves  , José Martins  , Frederico Branco
Published: February 2025

With the advent of Information and Communication Technologies in recent decades, organizations face several challenges today. Adopting Digital Transformation (DT) offers numerous opportunities for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to improve their efficiency and operations, reaching new markets, shareholders, and customers. However, there are potential risks associated with this process. With Digital Transformation, the radius of connectivity and interconnection between devices and systems increases in Mozambique and worldwide, creating more significant space cyberattacks. As Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) connect to the digital world and move forward with adopting innovative digital technologies, they become more vulnerable to digital security risks. Hence, managing digital security risks effectively is crucial to realising the benefits of Digital Transformation. This position paper proposes to present the research work that will culminate in the proposal to develop a framework that fits Mozambican Small and Medium Enterprises through a Design Science Research (DSR) methodology, which can help to assist Mozambican Small and Medium Enterprises in the Digital Transformation (DT) process.
Identifying Document Patterns with Limited Data: A Multimodal Aproach
Authors: Vieira Costa João Paulo , Lima Maciel Bruno , Weigang Li
Published: February 2025

Pattern identification in documents plays a crucial role in the banking sector and others, as it is applied in various operations such as document analysis, information retrieval, and anomaly detection. Challenges arise when traditional training methods require vast labeled datasets, which are costly and time-consuming. This requirement imposes limitations on the generalization and practical applicability of the models developed. This study evaluates the performance of models in a limited data scenario, by leveraging multimodal information and transfer learning, it aims for accurate identification with reduced data requirements. The ability to train efficient models with scarce data proposes a methodological evolution, reducing the need for large volumes of labeled data and promoting more agile and scalable approaches. We compare Few-Shot Learning (FSL) approaches with reference models. The results demonstrate that, even with limited samples, it is possible to achieve performances comparable to established benchmarks. Future research may further explore the behavior of these methods with varied sample sizes and their ability to detect different types of anomalies in unseen document patterns using the Once Learning approach.
On the Implementation of Destination Management Systems
Authors: Ferreira Daniel , Costa Rui , Pacheco Osvaldo
Published: February 2025

This systematic review investigates the structures of Destination Management Systems (DMS) in low-density regions. These regions are known for their unique cultural and natural assets but face challenges due to limited infrastructure and accessibility. With the tourism industry embracing digital transformation, DMS are becoming essential tools for leveraging these unique features to attract tourists. They help address challenges such as promoting lesser-known attractions and overcoming marketing limitations. The review emphasizes the significance of advanced technologies such as Big Data, IoT, AI, and machine learning in revolutionizing DMS. These technologies enable real-time data analysis and adaptive responses to the ever-changing tourism landscapes. By analyzing articles, conference papers, and case studies published between 2013 and 2024, the study explores the balance between scalability, trackability, agility, and maintainability in DMS architectures, which is crucial for destinations with limited resources. The review identifies various approaches to DMS design and implementation, demonstrating their effectiveness in different contexts. The results demonstrate the positive impact of these systems on the competitiveness and appeal of destinations by improving their visibility and accessibility. The analysis stresses the importance of continuous research on the technical aspects of implementing destination management systems and incorporating new technologies. This forward-looking approach is essential for further enhancing destination management and improving the tourist experience in the changing tourism industry, especially in less populated areas where the use of digital tools can greatly influence visibility and engagement.
A Dynamic Circularity Information Management Roadmap for Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Martins Mário , Sousa Cristóvão , Pereira Carla , Silva Bruno
Published: February 2025

Globally, sustainability concerns have been driving several green strategies towards new business models for industry circularity. While industrial greenality is broadly discussed in literature, still missing a clear roadmap tailored for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to translate circularity practices into tangible, value-driven datasets. This research work addresses this existing gap by proposing a circularity information management roadmap designed for SMEs. The framework aims to guide small enterprises throughout their journey on the implementation of circular business practices. The discussed framework intends to be used as a governance model to assess and increase an organization's circular level. By providing a clear and common view on circular practices and its underlying artefacts, SMEs might design their circular projects more efficiently based on a clear understanding on the needs and means to increase their circularity business performance.
Discount window borrowing and the role of reserves and interest rates
Authors: Carlson Mark A. , Styczynski Mary-Frances
Published: February 2025

The Federal Reserve’s discount window is a tool that can provide reserves to banks at a rate set by the Federal Reserve, the discount rate. During the past several years, there have been large fluctuations in the level of reserves in the banking system and in the level discount rate relative to other interest rates. In this paper, we explore how banks’ holdings of reserves, especially relative to the amount of reserves that banks prefer to hold, and the interest rate available at the discount window influence borrowing at the window. We find that banks borrow more when their reserves are low and when the discount rate is relatively attractive, although the size of these effects depends on a bank’s size, FHLB membership status, and financial condition.
AAV production and purification v1
Authors: Michael Coughlin Gerard
Published: February 2025

We recently developed adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsids to facilitate efficient and noninvasive gene transfer to the central and peripheral nervous systems. However, a detailed protocol for generating and systemically delivering novel AAV variants was not previously available. In this protocol, we describe how to produce and intravenously administer AAVs to adult mice to specifically label and/or genetically manipulate cells in the nervous system and organs, including the heart. The procedure comprises three separate stages: AAV production, intravenous delivery, and evaluation of transgene expression. The protocol spans 8 d, excluding the time required to assess gene expression, and can be readily adopted by researchers with basic molecular biology, cell culture, and animal work experience. We provide guidelines for experimental design and choice of the capsid, cargo, and viral dose appropriate for the experimental aims. The procedures outlined here are adaptable to diverse biomedical applications, from anatomical and functional mapping to gene expression, silencing, and editing. *IMPORTANT* This protocol is based on Challis et al., Nat Protoc 14: 379, published in 2019. Since that publication, we have made a number of modifications to the protocol to increase throughput or yield. With these modifications, we routinely achieve yields of >5e12 vg per 150 cm dish, with a well packaging capsid (e.g. AAV9, AAV-PHP.eB, and AAV.CAP-B10). In Challis et al., Nat Protoc 14: 379, a Type 70 Ti rotor is used for ultracentrifugation of the AAV through a density gradient (steps 32-36). This rotor can hold 8 tubes, allowing for simultaneous purification of 8 separate AAV variants, at 1-10 plates (150 mm plates) per variant. To increase throughput, we also provide a smaller scale purification workflow with a Type 70.1 Ti rotor, which can allow for purification of 12 separate AAV variants, at 1-3 plates (150 mm plates) per variant. Significant modifications to the referenced protocol are indicated by *MODIFICATION*. Read and understand the original protocol, before following a modified protocol. Following the original protocol should also yield expected results.
Curated Zootopia on Instagram: Pet Accounts, Agency, and Representation of Identities
Authors: Vereshchagina Natalia , Dushakova Irina
Published: February 2025

The social media landscape is replete with images of animals that users share, repost and like, and there are not just cats anymore; various nonhuman species have become a part of the social media “ecosystem” from cute puppies to exotic dragons. They are not simply models for different formats of content anymore, on Instagram they have their own accounts and they become influencers almost like humans. At the same time, such accounts have odd status – they create the ‘illusion’ that animals can have control over their representation thus showing their identity on social media and that they are actors independent both from human curators and from the policy and affordances of Instagram as a digital platform. The paper is aimed at answering two main research questions: what forms of identity, and whose identities, are represented in pet accounts curated by human owners? What strategies and platform tools are chosen by the owners for curation and performing animal agency in pet accounts? Thus, the paper addresses three theoretical fields: 1) human-animal relationships, 2) representation of identity and agency in social media, 3) politics and affordances of digital platforms. Based on the discussions in these fields the authors propose qualitative in-depth analysis of six pet accounts.
NARRATIVE STRATEGIES IN KARAM SABER’S NOVEL “THE SHRINE”
Authors:   Kyiv National Linguistic University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Rybalkin Serhii V.
Published: February 2025

The research focuses on the linguistic analysis of narrative strategies in Karam Saber’s novel “The Shrine”, particularly examining the linguistic means of creating a multilayered narrative. Drawing upon the methodological principles of textual analysis developed by K. M. Tyshchenko and his fundamental studies of Arabic-Ukrainian language contacts, the study investigates the lexical-stylistic and syntactic features of the narrative structure. The subject of research encompasses the linguistic characteristics of different narrator types and the means of implementing focalisation that facilitate the interaction between realistic and magical-realistic narrative planes. The paper provides a detailed analysis of the linguistic mechanisms of polyphony creation using hetero- and homodiegetic narrators, the specifics of temporal deictics and spatial references in chronotope formation, and the peculiarities of lexemes with dual semantics and metaphorical constructions within the context of magical realism. The findings demonstrate that narrative strategies are realised through a complex system of stylistic and syntactic means interaction, creating a multilayered textual space where the real and the mystical exist in inseparable unity. The research results enhance the understanding of linguistic mechanisms in creating magical-realistic narrative in contemporary Arabic literature and open perspectives for further investigation of linguistic means in postcolonial literary discourse.
Identification and 14C-dating of Quaternary wood samples dredged from groundwater-filled gravel pits in the UNESCO World Heritage Landscape of Lake Neusiedl (Northern Burgenland, Austria)
Authors: Häusler Hermann , Cichocki Otto , Wild Eva , Steier Peter
Published: February 2025

In the lowlands of eastern Austria, the Quaternary deposits are underlain by Neogene formations of the Danube/Kisalföld Basin that in turn forms the westernmost bay of the Miocene Central Paratethys. The younger Middle Pleistocene to Holocene deposits of the UNESCO World Heritage Landscape of the Nationalpark “Neusiedler See - Seewinkel” are known as the Illmitz Formation. In the Seewinkel Plain, this formation covers an area of 350 km2 and comprises deposits from a few meters to 20 m thick, which are interpreted as sediments of an anastomosing river system. Youngest fine- grained lacustrine deposits of the Illmitz Formation below salt pans near Podersdorf am See range from ~11 000 calibrated years Before Present (cal BP) to ~8 000 cal BP. Hence also comparable young coarse-clastic channel deposits of the Illmitz Formation were expected. Wood samples dredged from gravel pits in the Seewinkel Plain in the years 1988 and 1996 yielded radiocarbon ages ranging from ~43 600 cal BP to ~32 500 cal BP. In contrast, recently dredged wood remains yielded minimum radiocarbon ages exceeding ~50 000 years. Surprisingly, older deposits of the Seewinkel Plain were dated from both surface of gravel pits and subsurface of salt pans. On the one hand, fine-clastic deposits on top of Seewinkel gravel pits were luminescence dated ~100 to ~55 ka. On the other hand, the deposition of a salt-bearing gravelly silt, the so called “salt-bearing horizon” below salt pans was attributed to MIS 5e (~130 to ~115 ka). Therefore, the wood remains with minimum radiocarbon ages of over 50 000 years probably were deposited in younger channel fills between the salt-bearing horizon and the luminescence dated fine-clastic deposits. Ultimately, it cannot be ruled out that at the base of the Illmitz Formation older wood remains were relocated either from fluvial deposits of paleo-Danube that date back to the Early Pleistocene or from underlying lignite-bearing deposits of Late Neogene. Overall, the multitemporal deposition of woods in climatically changing environments since the beginning of the Rissian glaciation (~MIS 11) may have spanned a period of approximately 400 000 years.

Wood anatomical studies allowed identifying several species, among them climatically indifferent taxa as, e.g., Larix/Picea (larch/spruce) and Pinus (pine) as well as thermophilous ones such as Fraxinus (ash), Ulmus (elm) and Quercus (oak). Decimeter-sized dark brown coalified wood residues with rounded edges were dredged from the base of gravel pits. The dark color of wood remains indicates either a completely different chemical environment at the base of the Illmitz Formation or more probably a much longer exposure time in fluvial deposits than for the light brown wood samples.
Diabase is petrologists best friend: quantitative P-T constraints on the NW-SE trending Eoalpine metamorphic gradient in the western Austroalpine nappe stack (Ötztal Nappe, Texel Nappe, Silvretta Nappe) using metamorphosed mafic dikes
Authors: Raso Gabriel , Tropper Peter , Pomella Hannah , Rammlmair Dieter
Published: February 2025

The Ötztal Nappe (Austroalpine Superunit, Eastern Alps) is volumetrically the largest polymetamorphic nappe of the western Austroalpine nappe stack and consists of paragneisses and micaschists with various intercalations of orthogneisses, amphibolites and rare marbles. The main foliation of these rocks is cross-cut by numerous dikes of basaltic to andesitic composition. Field- and textural investigations reveal that these dikes underwent only Eoalpine metamorphism and deformation and are not part of the earlier Variscan history of the region. While quantitative Eoalpine P-T data are only available from the central and southeastern Ötztal Nappe, almost no such data is available from the northwestern part of the nappe. The aim of this study therefore is to refine the P-T constraints of the northwest to southeast trending Eoalpine metamorphic gradient in the western Austroalpine nappe stack especially in the central and northwestern Ötztal Nappe using metamorphic mafic dikes. For this purpose, multi-equilibrium geothermobarometry paired with classical geother- mobarometry was performed on 19 dike samples from the Ötztal Nappe, the Texel Nappe and the Silvretta Nappe from the investigations of Rammlmair (1980). The metamorphic mafic dikes contain the mineral assemblage plagioclase + amphibole + quartz + chlorite + epidote + titanite ± biotite ± muscovite ± garnet. The anorthite content in plagioclase and the tschermakite and edenite component in Ca-amphiboles are clear mineral chemical indicators for increasing P-T conditions from the northwest to the southeast of the Ötztal Nappe. The thermobarometric calculations with multi-equilibrium geothermobarometry (THERMOCALC v.3.21) yield P-T conditions of 250–300 °C and 2–4 kbar for the northwestern Ötztal Nappe, reaching 550–600 °C and 8–10 kbar in the southeastern Ötztal Nappe, adjacent to the Schneeberg Nappe. The metamorphic mafic dike from the western Texel Nappe yields P-T conditions of 540±41 °C and 8.9±1.6 kbar. Geother-mobarometric calculations using THERMOCALC v.3.45 yield similar results. Our results represent the first quantitative P-T estimates of the complete northwest to southeast trending Eoalpine metamorphic field gradient in the Ötztal Nappe above and below the chloritoid isograd.
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES OF E-LEARNING ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AT STATE BORDER GUARD COLLEGE IN THE ERA OF DIGITALISATION
Authors: Spridzāns Martins , Pavlovičs Jans
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this article is to explore the challenges and perspectives associated with the development of e-learning environment at the State Border Guard College in the context of increasing digitalization and advance of AI in education contexts. The tasks of the research include identification of key advantages and obstacles faced by educational institutions, including technological limitations and risks, and the need for effective training in digital tools efficient use. Furthermore, the research highlights the potential of e-learning to enhance accessibility, flexibility, and engagement in the academic process. By using scientific research method and examining best practices and innovative strategies, the article provides insights into the successful integration of e-learning systems that are efficient and appropriate to the needs, specific requirements of border guard training as well as current education innovation trends. The findings underscore the importance of a collaborative approach involving stakeholders at all levels to effectively leverage digital technologies for enhanced learning outcomes.According to scientific literature research results authors put forward suggestions on further improving border guards e-learning processes.
Competencia motriz autopercibida y práctica de actividad física en adolescentes: diferencias según el estado de peso
Authors: Royo Ortín Emilio , Aznar Cebamanos Mónica , Peñarrubia Lozano Carlos
Published: February 2025

Identificar los factores relacionados con la actividad física y los mecanismos subyacentes que fomentan el compromiso durante la adolescencia es necesario para fomentar un estilo de vida activo. El principal objetivo del estudio fue analizar la competencia motriz autopercibida y la práctica de actividad física en alumnado de ESO normopeso y con exceso de peso. Fueron evaluados 886 adolescentes de entre 12 y 15 años escolarizados en colegios urbanos y rurales de la Comunidad Autónoma de Aragón. De ellos, 478 (53,95%) eran hombres y 404 (46,05%) mujeres. La edad media fue 13,75 años (DE=1,28). Se empleó el Test AMPET4 para la competencia motriz autopercibida, tres indicadores de la encuesta de la OMS Health Behaviour in Schoolchildren survey en su versión española para analizar la práctica de actividad física y se siguieron las directrices de la OMS en 2007 para establecer los grupos de peso. La existencia de diferencias entre los grupos de peso en las dos variables se realizó a través de la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis. Respecto al estudio de la competencia motriz autopercibida, los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas entre los normopeso y alumnado con exceso de peso. En cuanto a la variable práctica de actividad física, se han observado diferencias significativas en favor de los normopeso con respecto únicamente con los obesos. Por sexos, en las chicas no se encontró ninguna diferencia en la práctica de actividad física. Se subraya la importancia de considerar el peso corporal en el diseño de intervenciones orientadas a promover estilos de vida activos.
Aplicabilidad del índice de masa corporal e índice tri-ponderal para valorar la competencia motora en escolares
Authors: Carrasco-López Salustio , Valenzuela-Jiménez Alinne , Amigo Alvear Vanessa , Irribarra Sepúlveda Francisca , Baeza Parra Fernanda , Herrera Placencia Camilo , Gomez-Campos Rossana , Cossio-Bolaños Marco
Published: February 2025

El nivel Competencia Motora (CM) es un factor determinante en la adhesión de niños y jóvenes a una mayor práctica por actividad física. El objetivo fue explorar la aplicabilidad del Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) y el Índice Tri-ponderal (ITP) para evaluar la (CM) en escolares de 7 a 14 años (54 niñas y 49 niños). Se evaluaron variables antropométricas de peso, talla, IMC e ITP. La CM se midió con dos pruebas de la batería Körperkoordinationstest Für Kinder (KTK), Transposición lateral (TL) y Salto Lateral (SL). Se aplicaron pruebas de normalidad, diferencias entre grupos. No hubo diferencias entre ambos sexos (p>0,05), estado nutricional según IMC (p=0,079); por el contrario, en ITP si hubo diferencias significativas (p= 0,010) entre peso normal (10.43±2.67rep) con obesidad y entre sobrepeso con obesidad (p<0.05). En el SL hubo diferencias entre peso normal con obesidad y entre sobrepeso con obesidad (p<0.0). Los resultados del estudio sugieren que el ITP podría ser un mejor indicador del estado nutricional en comparación con el IMC; además, un ITP elevado puede influir negativamente en las habilidades motoras durante la niñez y juventud. Es necesario insistir en promover hábitos saludables para mantener un peso saludable.
Investigation of aggression and happiness level in parents of 8-11 years old children playing sports
Authors: Metín Mehmet , Özoruç Servet
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to determine the rates of aggression and happiness of the parents of three groups of 8-11 year old children who do athletics, martial arts and no sports. The sample of the study consisted of the parents of 8-11 year old children in primary and middle school in Turkey. For the evaluation, normality test, T-test for pairwise comparisons, ANOVA for multiple comparisons and correlation analysis were used to determine the relationship between two variables. The results showed that the relationship between aggression and happiness levels was statistically significant at α=0.05 significance level, although it was a very weak and negative relationship. Among the demographic variables, there was a significant difference between the number of children of the parents and the sports branch in which the children were interested and the level of happiness (p<.05). There was no significant difference between the demographic variables of marriage duration and income level of the parents and happiness level. There was no significant difference between the level of aggression and demographic variables. As a result, it can be concluded that parents who are interested in athletics and have only one child are happier. Also, it is an expected result that happy parents are not aggressive.