bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of the Standardized Precipitation Index for Forecasting Seasonal Drought in Vietnam
Authors: Long Trinh Tuan , Van Tan Phan , Quang Nam Pham , Thanh Ha Pham , Anh Quan Tran , Xuan Thanh Nguyen
Published: November 2024

Drought is a natural disaster that causes significant damages to the economy, society and environment. Forecasting droughts is crucial for disaster risk management and water security. This study introduces a new method for forecasting seasonal droughts in Vietnam using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) which is based on a combination of dynamic modeling and statistical methods. The precipitation forecast products from regional climate models (RegCM, clWRF) with inputs from Climate Forecast System (CFSv2) were used to calculate the SPI index after statistical calibration. Results show that calibrating model precipitation with statistical methods such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Multivariate Linear Regression (MLR) significantly improves the precipitation forecast accuracy. Evaluation indices indicate that the SPI calculated with the post-calibration model precipitation has a good reproducibility for drought events, particularly mild droughts. However, there remains some limitations on accurate forecast of the intensity and spatial distribution of moderate drought events in certain regions such as Central Vietnam.
Gestación cultural - en vez de la economía naranja -
Authors: Hleap Borrero José
Published: November 2024

Ante la gran exhibición mediática de las oportunidades y beneficios del emprendimiento y de la economía naranja o economía creativa como “fórmula para mejorar vidas en América Latina y el Caribe”, y la decepción, el desconcierto o el rechazo fragmentario que este discurso y sus políticas han suscitado en el sector cultural y el sector académico, este libro emprende una indagación sobre la realidad de la economía naranja, sobre las economías creativas y sobre las modalidades de política pública y de desarrollo que se han venido estableciendo en América Latina, como consolidación de ciertas tendencias en lo económico, en lo político y en lo cultural que permiten hoy hablar de la hegemonía de un sentido común neoliberal, soporte y legitimación de estas propuestas. Esta indagación se realiza desde el concepto de gestación cultural, que articula tres líneas de reflexión y acción: la noción sociosemiótica y relacional de cultura como dimensión constitutiva de la vida social; el campo de la ciudadanía cultural y los derechos culturales, la capacidad de movilizar a las comunidades para que asuman la dimensión cultural como un espacio vital de participación, organización y decisión; y la sistematización de experiencias, como movimiento latinoamericano de gestión social de conocimiento. En este libro se aprovecha la construcción conceptual y metodológica de la gestación cultural, para interpretar los discursos, políticas y modos de gestión que, desde cierta cultura económica y desde cierta concepción cultural, han hegemonizado el campo de la economía cultural. El escrito finaliza, a modo de conclusión, con La gestación del futuro como inédito viable, donde se asume la situación con la que se encontró su escritura, la pandemia del SARS-CoV-2, para presentar y valorar un conjunto de interpretaciones sobre este acontecimiento y sus proyecciones de futuro.
Matrimonios y alianzas socioeconómicas entre migrantes alemanes y la élite de Bucaramanga (1857-1886)
Authors: Acevedo Tarazona Álvaro , Villamizar Carlos Iván
Published: November 2024

El artículo analiza cómo la comunidad de alemanes establecida en Bucaramanga en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, recurrió al matrimonio para cimentar vínculos socioeconómicos con las élites locales y asegurar intereses comerciales y políticos. Este procedimiento estuvo mediado por las dispensas de disparidad de cultos, tenien- do en cuenta las filiaciones protestantes de los alemanes radicados en Bucaramanga. Se recurrió a fuentes pa- rroquiales y fuentes oficiales, especialmente del Fondo Reclamaciones del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y se empleó el método prosopográfico para realizar inferencias sobre los datos y construir una representación histórica desde una perspectiva microhistórica. El matrimonio se constituyó en un mecanismo para cohesionar grupos sociales en los que primaron los intereses políticos y económicos, tanto de parte de los alemanes como de las familias locales que buscaron la forma de emparentar con extranjeros para dar solidez a sus negocios.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Berbasis Game Tradisional Congklak Menggunakan Metode Peer Tutoring
Authors: Setyowardany Donna Pratiwi , Murtafiah Wasilatul , Susanti Vera Dewi
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study aims to development of teaching materials for learning mathematics in the field of LKPD. LKPD based on the traditional game congklak which uses the peer tutor method and is integrated with cultural elements is developed to support the learning process, increase students' motivation in learning activities, and introduce traditional game. The type of research used is development with the 4D research method (Define, Design, Development, Disseminate).  This research was conducted at SMPN 1 Jiwan with research subjects of seventh grade students. The data collection techniques used were interviews, documentation, questionnaires, and tests. The instruments used were product validation sheets, student response questionnaire validation sheets, questionnaire validation questions, student response questionnaire sheets, and test questions. Based on the data obtained, it shows that the LKPD based on traditional congklak game using the peer tutor method meets the criteria of valid, practical, and effective so that it is feasible to use as teaching material in the mathematics learning processes that serve to increase student learning motivation.
 
Keywords: LKPD, Games, Congklak, Peer Tutoring, Teaching Materials
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan guna mengembangkan bahan ajar pembelajaran matematika berupa LKPD. LKPD berbasis permainan tradisional congklak, yang menggunakan metode peer tutoring dan dipadukan dengan unsur budaya, dikembangkan untuk mendukung proses pembelajaran, meningkatkan motivasi peserta didik dalam pembelajaran, serta memperkenalkan permainan tradisional. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah piengiembangan diengan mietodie pienielitian 4D (Diefinie, Diesign, Dievielopmient, Dissieminatie).  Pienielitian ini dilakukan di SMPN 1 Jiwan diengan subjiek penelitian adalah piesierta didik kielas VII. Tieknik piengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu wawancara, dokumientasi, angkiet, dan ties. Instrumien yang digunakan adalah liembar validasi produk, liembar validasi angkiet riespon piesierta didik, angkiet validasi soal, liembar angkiet riespon piesierta didik, dan soal ties. Bierdasarkan data yang didapat mienunjukkan bahwa LKPD bierbasis gamie tradisional congklak mienggunakan mietodie pieier tutoring miemienuhi kritieria valid, praktis, dan iefiektif siehingga layak digunakan siebagai bahan ajar dalam pembelajaran matematika yang berfungsi meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik.
 
Kata Kunci: LKPD, Game, Congklak, Peer Tutoring, Bahan Ajar
Coupled Aeropropulsive Design Optimization of an Over-wing Nacelle Configuration
Authors: Abdul-Kaiyoom Mohamed Arshath Saja , Yildirim Anil , Martins Joaquim R. R. A.
Published: November 2024

The over-wing nacelle (OWN) configuration has the potential to improve on the conventional under-wing nacelle (UWN) configuration by enabling higher bypass ratios and increasing noise shielding. To explore this potential, we perform coupled aeropropulsive design optimization to study the coupled analysis and the design tradeoffs between aerodynamics and propulsion. We find that the variations in wing shape are not significant when the OWN configuration is optimized for different fan pressure ratios. Optimizing the OWN configuration using the proposed approach results in 3% less shaft power than optimizing the wing and propulsor separately. The OWN has marginally superior performance over the UWN for the same lower fan pressure ratio. However, this low fan pressure ratio may be unattainable for the UWN configuration because of ground clearance constraints, whereas the OWN configuration is not subject to such constraints. We study the optimal OWN placement and show that placing it aft of the trailing edge and away from the wing root results in lower required shaft power. In this study, we perform single-point optimizations to understand the fundamentals of the OWN configuration in terms of aerodynamics and propulsion. However, multiple operating conditions, structural integrity, and inclusion of the pylon geometry should be considered to assess the net benefit of the OWN configuration. Nevertheless, these advancements in aeropropulsive optimization are critical to OWN configuration design and more sustainable aircraft.
PEMBANGUNAN TATA RUANG DI INDONESIA: TANTANGAN DAN HARAPAN
Authors: Farida Ida
Published: November 2024

Implementasi pembangunan tata ruang di beberapa daerah di seluruh Indonesia masih belum optimal dikarenakan berbagai permasalahan yang muncul sehingga diperlukan solusi untuk mengatasinya. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi tantangan dan harapan utama yang dihadapi dalam proses pembangunan tata ruang di Indonesia. Untuk menggali lebih dalam mengenai tantangan dan harapan dalam proses pembangunan tata ruang di Indonesia maka penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian hukum normative. Pengumpulan data menggunakan data sekunder berupa dokumen-dokumen yang mengikat (primer) dan dokumen-dokumen tambahan lainnya yang berasal dari hasil penelitian sebelumnya.  Data-data tersebut dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk menguraikan informasi rinci yang ada pada dokumen-dokumen sekunder yang telah dikumpulkan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa faktor yang menghambat proses pembangunan tata ruang di Indonesia, diantaranya, kebijakan yang ambigu, konflik kepentingan antara sektor-sektor terkait, keterbatasan sumber daya, serta kurangnya koordinasi antara pemerintah pusat dan daerah menjadi fokus utama dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan yang mendalam tentang tantangan yang dihadapi dalam upaya pembangunan tata ruang di Indonesia serta memberikan rekomendasi bagi penyusunan kebijakan yang lebih efektif dan implementasi yang lebih baik. Implikasi hukum dan kontribusi terhadap proses pengambilan keputusan tata ruang menjadi bagian integral dari penelitian ini.
PEMBATALAN SERTIPIKAT TANAH OLEH KANTOR PERTANAHAN TANPA ADANYA PUTUSAN PENGADILAN YANG TELAH BERKEKUATAN HUKUM TETAP
Authors: Maharani Farah Diba , Anggoro Teddy
Published: November 2024

Sertipikat hak atas tanah diterbitkan oleh instansi yang berwenang dalam bidang pertanahan yakni Badan Pertanahan Nasional (BPN). Sertipikat hak atas tanah yang telah terbit dimungkinkan terkena pembatalan apabila terdapat kesalahan ataupun kelalaian dalam proses penerbitan sertipikat tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis mekanisme pembatalan sertipikat hak atas tanah dan akibat hukum terhadap pembatalan sertipikat hak atas tanah oleh kantor pertanahan dengan tanpa adanya putusan pengadilan yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum doktrinal dengan berlandaskan doktrin-doktrin hukum dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku di Indonesia. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan data sekunder yang berupa bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder seperti peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan pengadilan dan literatur berkaitan dengan hukum pertanahan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pembatalan sertipikat hak atas tanah dapat terjadi karena adanya cacat administrasi dan/cacat yuridis atau karena adanya pihak lain yang dirugikan atas penerbitan suatu sertipikat tanah. Apabila permohonan pembatalan sertipikat dilakukan setelah 5 (lima) tahun sejak terbitnya sertipikat hak atas tanah, maka permohonan pembatalan dilakukan melalui lembaga peradilan. Hal ini dapat terjadi baik karena kesalahan atau kelalaian administrasi dari pejabat atau instansi yang berwenang. Maka pentingnya ketertiban administrasi hukum sesuai aturan dan prosedur yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Pokok Agaria dan peraturan pelaksanaannya, terutama terhadap produk hukum termasuk sertipikat hak atas tanah agar tidak merugikan pihak lain.
PROBLEMATIKA HAK ATAS KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL INDIKASI GEOGRAFIS (KAJIAN YURIDIS EMPIRIS TERHADAP POTENSI INDIKASI GEOGRAFIS DI BANTEN)
Authors: Anggraeni Nita , Istiqomah Istiqomah , Danu Danu
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini melihat bahwa Banten memiliki potensi indikasi geografis yang besar, namun produk yang terindikasi geografis dari Banten masih rendah, oleh karenanya perlu ditinjau terkait problematika indikasi geografis di Provinsi Banten ini. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaturan indikasi geografis dalam kerangka hukum nasional dan internasional, serta untuk mengidentifikasi sumber daya alam yang berpotensi indikasi geografis di Provinsi Banten serta problematika yang menyertainya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian yuridis empiris. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah; pertama. Pengaturan indikasi geografis di Indonesia berada pada satu undang-undang dengan merek, namun substansinya tetap bersifat sui Generis (berbeda dan bersifat unik) dan pengaturan indikasi geografis di Indonesia sudah diakui internasional. Kedua. Sampai tahun 2023 belum ada satu produkpun dari Banten yang terdaftar indikasi geografis, meskipun sudah ada yang didaftarkan. Permasalahannya ada pada tiga hal. 1) pemahaman masyarakat, 2) keterlibatan Pemerintah, 3) pendampingan yang lemah.
PENGATURAN PENEGAKAN HUKUM PIDANA LINGKUNGAN DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2023 TENTANG KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PIDANA DAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 32 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN DAN PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Authors: Rochmani Rochmani , Megawati Wenny , Listyarini Dyah
Published: November 2024

Dalam Draf Final UU No.1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP Baru)  mengatur penegakan Hukum Pidana Lingkungan pada Pasal 344 dan 345. Dalam UU No.32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolalaan Lingkungan Hidup juga  mengatur dalam Pasal; 98, 99, 103, 59, 109,112. Pasal 344 dan 345 RUUHP menghidupkan kembali “syarat melawan hukum” yang sudah dihapuskan oleh UU No. 32 Tahun 2009. Dengan dihidupkan kembali “syarat mealawan hukum”,seolah dimungkinkan adanya pencemaran dan/atau perusakan lingkungan yang tak melawan hukum. Menurut UU No 32 tahun 2009, setiap orang dilarang melakukan perbuatan yang menimbulkan pencemaran dan/atau kerusakan lingkungan. Hal tersebut menjadikan penegakan hukum pidana lingkungan bagi pencemaran dan/ atau perusakan lingkungan hampir tidak mengkin ditegakkan. Dengan adanya unsur tersebut, kegiatan yang memiliki izin menjadi tak dapat dipidana meskipun telah menimbulkan pencemaran dan/atau kerusakan lingkungan. Dalam perkembangan pembaharuan RUUHP, ketentuan Pasal 344 dan Pasal 345 dihapus dan diserahkan untuk diatur dalam Undang-Undang 32 Tahun 2009. Adanya unsur ”secara melawan hukum” dalam Pasal 344 dan Pasal 345 RUUHP  berpotensi terhadap  pemrakarsa yang bertanggung jawab terhadap kegiatan yang memiliki izin menjadi tak dapat dipidana meski telah menimbulkan pencemaran dan /atau kerusakan lingkungan. Hal tersebut merupakan kendala dalam pemidanaan. Dengan demikian pengaturan penegakan hukum pidana lingkungan selanjutnya kembali menggunakan UU No. 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Penglolalaan Lingkungan Hidup.
Reforming Indonesian Criminal Justice: Integrating Recidivism Risk Assessment for Fair and Effective Sentencing
Authors: Zahra Salma , Azizan Akmal , Sophia Sally , Perai Nurajam
Published: November 2024

The major goal of this study is to develop a contextually appropriate and nuanced framework for incorporating recidivism risk indicators into sentencing recommendations in Indonesia. This research seeks to bridge the gap between global best practices and Indonesia's unique sociocultural setting by performing a deep investigation of the cultural and legal intricacies particular to Indonesia and comparing worldwide methods. The study also highlights the significance of pre-sentence investigations in obtaining a complete picture of offenders' histories and habits and so shaping sentencing choices. The study's approach includes a comprehensive review of relevant Indonesian literature, laws, and case law. The methods include a comparative study that draws parallels between domestic and international norms in places like the USA, UK, DE, and FR. The research recommends risk factor criteria that are particular to Indonesia, taking into account the country's culture and legal system. Juvenile imprisonment, elements in sexual crimes against minors based on age, and complex conceptions of interpersonal connections are all examples of these aspects. The study supports using these culturally sensitive characteristics into sentencing standards to improve the judicial system in Indonesia. The report also emphasizes the significance of pre-sentence investigations in providing judges with comprehensive data for making fair and effective sentences. This study promotes continuing discussion and growth within Indonesia's criminal justice system by filling in knowledge gaps and providing concrete recommendations for better incorporating recidivism risk variables into sentence guidelines.
Rehabilitation Complications in An International Case of Dermatomyositis with Calcinosis Universalis
Authors:   University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital, USA, A Khamisani , D Lemay ,   University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, USA, M Thornton ,   University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, USA, N Pontee ,   University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital, USA
Published: November 2024

Dermatomyositis (DM) is a rare and intricate autoimmune disorder characterized by symmetric proximal muscle weakness and a spectrum of associated cutaneous manifestations. Approximately 20-25% of patients have the anti-Nuclear Matrix Protein 2 (NXP2) gene that codes for the anti-NXP2 autoantibody, which can create a nearly linear relationship between the onset of DM and calcinosis. A 21-year-old female patient from the Caribbean with aggressive dermatomyositis (NXP-2 antibody positive) was brought to a tertiary care hospital for impending respiratory failure and was subsequently admitted to an acute Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility (IRF), where her condition was complicated by calcinosis universalis. The patient was treated with calcium channel blockers, sodium thiosulfate injections, shockwave lithotripsy, and aggressive physical therapy to address her calcinosis-related pain and functional restriction. A multidisciplinary rehabilitation approach with various interventions was implemented, yielding improvement in functional results. The international component of this case added complexity, as it involved challenges related to geographic distance, care communication, and the availability of specialized care. This case provided a unique opportunity to manage the progression of a rare, complex disease.
Unified Mechanics on Thermodynamics, Classical Mechanics, Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Ni Henmei
Published: November 2024

Classical and quantum mechanics laws are rebuilt in the frame of new thermodynamics. Heat is the sum of kinetic energy, system work, and system potential of a system, while force is the heat gradients over distance. Hence, collision, temperature difference, and molar volume gradients are the sources of forces. The collision creates symmetric forces, i.e., mutual repulsion or attraction. The other sources produce asymmetric forces driving rotation and spin (self-rotation). Interaction doesn’t need a medium. As achievements, 1) a brief and general equation is derived to predict the equilibrium distance of molecular interaction: L_e=∛((3π^(α-1) m_A g)/(4N_A kT)), without using any assumption; 2) electrons and protons are electroneutral, while neutrons are the cold protons with ∆T≈6.01×〖10〗^9 K; thus, the heat of nuclear reaction, 4(_1^1)H→(_2^4)He, is ~9.18 MeV; 3) atom has isothermal and non-isothermal orbits. Each orbit accommodates 2 electrons with opposite spins; 4) the first ionization energies of elements reported in the references are close to the kinetic energies calculated in this paper; 5) the strengths of chemical bonds and H-bonds are calculated, comparable with the experimental data; 6) vibrations of chemical bonds are discussed which disclose the source of α in the system potential. It is suggested that transferring heat from the hot electrons and nuclei to the cold ones makes a network in the cosmos. Photons are the messengers on the way rather than the roaming travelers.
Advanced Mechanical and Functional Properties of Amphiphilic Polymer Conetworks through Hierarchical Reinforcement with Peptides and Cellulose Nanocrystals
Authors: Velasquez Sara T. R. , Jang Daseul , Thomas Jessica , Grysan Patrick , Korley LaShanda T. J. , Bruns Nico
Published: November 2024

Amphiphilic polymer conetworks (APCNs) have been explored for applications, including soft contact lenses, biomaterials, and membranes. They combine several important properties of hydrogels and elastomers, including elasticity, transparency, and capability to swell in water. Moreover, they also swell in organic solvents. However, their mechanical properties could be improved. We developed a two-level, bio-inspired, hierarchical reinforcement of APCNs using peptide-containing triblock copolymers and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Bio-inspired peptide-polymer hybrids combine the structural hierarchy often found in natural materials with synthetic macromolecules, e.g. having soft and hard segments like in multiblock copolymers, to strengthen the mechanical properties. On the other hand, CNCs provide an additional way to dissipate mechanical energy in polymeric materials and, therefore, for reinforcement. The key to achieving homogeneous incorporation of CNCs into the APCNs is the combination of hydrophobic CNCs (HCNCs) with peptide-modified APCNs, exploiting the hydrogen bonding present in the peptides to disperse the HCNCs. The effect of HCNCs on the ability of APCNs to swell in water and organic solvents and on the thermal and mechanical properties was characterized. Additionally, the nanostructure of the materials was analyzed via small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). The CNC-containing APCNs exhibited similar swellability independent of the CNC concentration, and all the samples were highly transparent. The ideal CNC concentration, in terms of maximal stress, strain, toughness, and reinforcement was found to be between 6 and 15 wt%, and an increase of Young´s modulus by up to 500% and of toughness of up to 200% was achieved. The hierarchical reinforcement also greatly strengthened the APCNs when swollen in water and n-hexane. Thus, CNCs and peptide segments can be used to reinforce APCNs and to tailor their properties.
Obesity – significant medical and social problem of our time: risk factors, pathophysiological determinants, treatment strategies. A review
Authors: Biryukova Elena V.
Published: November 2024

Obesity is a chronic multifactorial recurrent condition with serious health consequences that contributes significantly to the morbidity and mortality in the population. A positive energy balance, which occurs when food is consumed in an amount exceeding the energy consumption or when energy consumption is reduced, is considered one of the main mechanisms of obesity. The most common type of obesity is exogenous (alimentary-constitutional). There are various pathophysiological determinants of obesity, with adipose tissue playing the most significant role. Non-pharmacological therapies, including lifestyle changes through nutritional correction and increase in physical activity, behavioral therapies aimed at preventing or treating eating disorders, are recommended as the first, mandatory, and continuous stage of obesity treatment. However, the use of non-pharmacological interventions alone is often limited by insufficient effectiveness. Fonturacetam has a promising potential for use in the fight against obesity. The mechanisms of fonturacetam influence on body weight control, energy homeostasis, carbohydrate and fat metabolism, anorexigenic and anti-inflammatory effects showed in studies are the key factors determining the prospects of fonturacetam use in the complex therapy of obesity.
Neoliberal Globalization of Services Now Includes Nursing
Authors: Burnett Jordyn
Published: November 2024

In response to rising nursing vacancies, many high-income countries are turning to low-income countries to recruit nurses into their healthcare systems, a process that has exacerbated global health inequities. This review challenges the dominant neoliberal worldview of achieving economic prosperity through a largely unregulated free market at the expense of population health – instead suggesting that high-income country governments should implement alternative local solutions rather than reinforce global health disparities through the exploitation of migrant nurses. In fact, increased nursing vacancies in high-income countries are the result of domestic nurse retention crises, not nurse shortages. The primary drivers of migration of nurses from low-income countries to high-income countries include remuneration, security, career prospects and job satisfaction. The Global South faces a collapse of healthcare systems due to scarcity and maldistribution of nurses, while nurses who relocate face exploitation in their receiving high-income country. The reliance of high-income countries on recruitment of nurses from low-income countries is an unsustainable mechanism for global healthcare.
GAMBARAN INSPEKSI SANITASI PEMUKIMAN DI KAWASAN KUMUH KELURAHAN SUNGAI PINANG LUAR, SAMARINDA
Authors: Azzahra Gasella Aurelia , Zalzabila Maharani Siti Malikha , Rugayyah Syarifah , Anastasya Melisa , Utami Reza Evelin , Rachmawati Ayudhia , Elvira Vivi Filia , Syamsir Syamsir , Sedionoto Blego
Published: November 2024

Latar belakang: Permukiman kumuh yang belum memenuhi persyaratan kesehatan rumah tinggal dapat berpotensi meningkatkan risiko terjadinya penularan penyakit. Peranan sanitasi lingkungan dapat berpengaruh besar terhadap derajat kesehatan masyarakat yang tinggal atau bermukim di wilayah tersebut. Studi kasus penelitian ini di laksanakan pada Kelurahan Sungai Pinang Luar yang mana termasuk ke dalam permukiman berkategori kumuh. Adapun tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui penilaian rumah sehat dalam rangka peningkaan kondisi permukiman kumuh yang memenuhi syarat di Kelurahan Sungai Pinang Luar berdasarkan pada persyaratan yang berlaku.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif obervasional secara langsung dan inspeksi terhadap komponen rumah, sarana sanitasi, serta perilaku penghuni. Pengambilan data dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2023. Penelitian ini berlokasi sekitaran bantaran Sungai Karang Mumus, Kelurahan Sungai Pinang Luar, Kecamatan Samarinda Kota, tepatnya pada RT 4-9. Populasi yang diambil sebagai sampel sebanyak 30 rumah dari proses pemilihan sampel yang representatif dari seluruh rumah yang ada pada permukiman kumuh tersebut.
Hasil: Terdapat 29 rumah yang belum memenuhi syarat rumah sehat. Untuk rumah yang mendapatkan skor â‰¥ 1068, hanya ada 1 rumah yang memenuhi syarat rumah sehat, yaitu dengan nilai 1087. Dalam evaluasi perilaku terhadap 30 rumah, perilaku membuka jendela di kamar tamu dan ruang keluarga mendapat penilaian paling rendah.
Simpulan: Sebanyak 90% rumah tidak memenuhi syarat sebagai kategori rumah sehat. Hal ini didominasi oleh faktor yang terkait dengan sarana sanitasi dan perilaku penghuni. Perlunya pemenuhan sarana dan edukasi sebagi rencana tindak lanjut perbaikan.
Devolution of New Zealand Research to a Gig Economy
Authors: Bennet Laura , Campbell Rebecca , Gunn Alistair
Published: November 2024

In 2005 the New Zealand Tertiary Education Commission’s (TEC) put out a call for academic feedback on their Strategic Review of the Tertiary Education Workforce. Authors on this review provided a comprehensive review of the increasing reliance of tertiary institutes, particularly universities, on fixed-term contract staff, and the inherent risks for New Zealand science of relying on staff with unstable career structures and funding support. We explored some of the causes behind the transformation of the workforce from permanent to fixed-term, and recommended a suite of potential pathways to help address the challenges. This current review reports that nearly 20 years on very little has changed, and indeed the situation has gotten worse, with more researchers than ever before now on fixed-term contracts, even at senior levels. We have failed to establish and fund a career fellowship system. There has been a lack of substantive increases in funding for grants like Marsden and HRC that can sustain employment of research staff, and grant funding has not kept up with inflation. The net result is that we have essentially created a gig economy for research staff, with reliance on repeated contracts over many years, with few if any opportunities to transition to permanent positions. Researchers must write more and more grants to sustain their salaries as grants are insufficiently funded due to lack of investment leaving staff with either reducing the contract time or without a full salary for the full duration. Low funding rates due to lack of investment make it increasingly difficult to get funding to pay their salaries. Researchers see a bleak future, and the brain drain has begun. Students do not see a career in research as attractive and thus our capacity to develop the next generation of Kiwi scientists is at risk. This crisis threatens our ability to undertake and deliver science, technology and innovation that is essential for the growth of our economy. Urgent action is needed to address this fundamentally flawed approach to how we fund university based research and how we fail to support sustainable research careers.
Cáscaras de Banano (Musa paradisiaca): Uso Potencial como Bioestimulante en el Cultivo de Tomate
Authors: Moreno-Morales Shailili M. , Palma-Vera Andy A. , Rivero-Herrada Marisol , Reyes-Pérez Juan José , Llerena-Ramos Luis Tarquino , Morales-Rodríguez Wiston J. , Quinatoa-Lozada Eduardo Fabian
Published: November 2024

La disminución progresiva de calidad en los cultivos afecta sus valores nutricionales y económicos. El abono con residuos orgánicos bioestimulantes gana terreno en investigaciones tecnológicas para enmendar suelos y substratos, beneficiando el crecimiento y productividad de plantas; así resulta importante analizar residuos orgánicos usados con este fin, para aprovechar sus nutrientes y convertir desechos en materiales de provecho. Esta investigación busca analizar parámetros físico – químicos de cáscaras de banano (Musa paradisiaca), para la elaboración de bioestimulantes aprovechables en cultivos de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.). La metodología incluye la limpieza y secado de las cáscaras, molienda y división en grupos del material vegetal (I: Muestra cruda, II: Muestra para extracción etanólica, III: Muestra para extracción con acetona, IV: Muestra para extracción con éter de petróleo). Se determinaron grupos funcionales de metabolitos en los extractos; la muestra cruda seca y pulverizada, se mezcló con el suelo a diferentes porcentajes de masa, determinando su calidad con parámetros físico-químicos antes y después del proceso; se utilizó el suelo abonado para determinar el efecto de las mezclas sobre un cultivo S. lycopersicum, midiendo variables de crecimiento y productividad de las plantas. La extracción con etanol produce un mayor porcentaje de rendimiento y presenta un perfil de matabolitos más variado, aportando al suelo del cultivo una mejora significativa en la mayoría de las variables (micro y macronutrientes), sin embargo, se provoca un ligero aumento del pH y, a pesar de obtener mayor porcentaje de materia orgánica, los tratamientos aplicados no mejoran los parámetros de crecimiento y productividad del tomate. Los resultados permiten establecer parámetros de referencia relacionados con la composición química de los bioestimulantes, y sugieren profundizar en el uso de otras mezclas con cáscaras de banano, para contribuir a la reducción del uso de agroquímicos, ofreciendo alternativas amigables con el ambiente.
THE CONTENT AND FUNCTION OF THE CONCEPT OF “MLADOSTARCHESTVO” IN THE CHURCH DISCOURSE OF THE LATE 1980S - EARLY 2000S
Authors:   St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University, Černyi Alexey I.
Published: November 2024

This article is devoted to the phenomenon of “mladostarchestvo” (lit. young elderhood) in the Russian Orthodox Church. This problem got especially severe from the 1980s till the beginning of the 2000s, when a largescale campaign against “young elders” was organized. The article reconstructs the main stages of this campaign, defines the most important features attributed to “mladostarchestvo” and restores the context of the 1990s, which demonstrates the active development process of the Orthodox book publishing industry. The author shows that although the condemnation of “mladostarchestvo” followed at the official level only in the late 1990s, its very content was not new, in contrast to the term. An analysis of Orthodox literature published in huge numbers during this period demonstrates an enormous interest in elderhood. This contributed to the fact that the “elder – servant” relationship was projected onto the relationship of a neophyte and an inexperienced priest. At the same time, another radical movement was emerging which rejected all “elderhood” and spiritual guidance in the modern world. Noting the ambiguity of the concept of “mladostarchestvo,” the author suggests that it was used not so much to condemn a certain group of spiritual fathers, but to try to regulate the activity of priests in general in a context of great interest in elderhood and demand for pastoral guidance, but over time it became possible to speak of “mladostarchestvo” as a convenient element in criticizing pastorship, spiritual fatherhood, and even clergy as such.
BETWEEN THE TEXT AND EXPERIENCE: REFLECTIONS ON PAVEL NOSACHEV’S “ ‘REJECTED KNOWLEDGE’: RESEARCH OF MARGINAL RELIGIOSITY IN THE 20TH AND BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY”
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Razdyakonov Vladislav S.
Published: November 2024

The research literature on esoterism since the middle of the 20th century has developed into an independent historiographical stream with various approaches to the study of this diverse phenomenon. There are no works in Russian that would present generalizing characteristics of these approaches and reveal the features of the concepts of individual authors who have made a significant contribution to the development of the problems associated with esoterism as a subject of scientific research. The article focuses on P.G. Nosachev’s historical approach to the analysis of foreign literature, and also evaluates his typology of approaches to the study of esoterism. Contrary to the widespread “discursive” approach to the study of “religion”, the article emphasizes the need for historians of religion to take into account the achievements of the psychology of religion. The article points out the eschatological character of some key conceptions of esotericism (M. Eliade, A. Fevre, V. Hanegraaff). P.G. Nosachev’s historical approach is recognized as the most adequate way of discussing the methodological diversity of esotericism studies. P.G. Nosachev’s research can be recognized as a significant contribution to the development of Russian religious studies of esoterism and grants its readers with a full-scale map of different approaches to its study.
“STRONG APOLOGIES”: MARTYRDOM AND THE JEWISH-CHRISTIAN POLEMIC IN LATE ANTIQUITY
Authors:   University of California, Boyarin Daniel
Published: November 2024

The paper discusses whether there was a polemic about martyrdom between Jews and Christians in Late Antiquity. The author suggests that we can see the story of Rabbi Akiva and Papos ben Yehuda in the Babylonian Talmud as part of a controversy between Jews and Christians about the question of whose martyrdom is bigger and could be used as proof of the truth of their doctrine. In this light, the dialogue in prison between Rabbi Akiva and Papos about the reason for their arrest could be read as testimony to existing competition between rabbinic Jews and Christians. According to the text, Rabbi Akiva, who is certain that the Jews must remain steadfast in Torah and the Torah will bring them life, will be martyred for Torah; while Papos, who is associated in the late Babylonian tradition with Christianity, on his own confession in the narrative, will die only for superstitio. The author claims that here we can see a reflection of competition for martyrdom between Jews and Christians of as late as the third or maybe even fourth centuries.
THE SITUATION OF RELIGIOUS CONVERSION AND PASTORAL POWER IN THE PATH TO SALVATION BY THEOPHAN THE RECLUSE
Authors:   St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University, Lyutko Evgenii I. , Yachmenik Vyacheslav A. ,   St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University
Published: November 2024

In the history of Russian Orthodoxy in the second half of the 19th century, a significant transformation can be observed, which allows us to talk about the emergence of a fundamentally new situation, which can be defined as “modern,” that is, characteristic of the contemporary situation in the religious sphere. We are talking about the situation of “free religious choice.” Understood not as an opportunity to publicly express disagreement with official church teaching, but as a subjective opportunity to “disagree,” this situation nevertheless becomes a challenge to church theology and attracts the attention of key authors of the era and, in particular, Theophan the Recluse. The analysis of his key works allows us to assert that the starting point of his moral and theological reasoning, which even during his lifetime was highly appreciated by church intellectuals and popular among the reading public, was the initial uncertainty of the subject in relation to the dominant religion in the Russian Empire. The subject of his constructions faces the need not just to follow church doctrine, but to consciously and freely recognize himself as a Christian, either as a result of an appropriate upbringing or at the moment of “gracious excitement” – religious conversion. As a result of this recognition, a “spiritual life” begins, which consists not only in following the institution of the Church, but above all in the individual experience of rejecting the ordinary and perceiving the “spiritual.” In this situation, notions of the normative relationship between the Christian and the religious instructor undergo a significant transformation: the possibility of free religious choice implies a parity relationship in this interaction. This in turn transforms the normative view of the mentor himself (the priest in the context of the Russian Empire), bringing to the forefront not his ability to lead and mentor, but his ability to build trusting relationships and to lead by personal example to free self-determination as a Christian.
Análisis del sistema de atrapanieblas y rocío por medio de una malla tejida de plástico PET
Authors: Ortiz-Aguas Gustavo Arturo , Martínez-González Sergio Alfonso , Lucho-Constantino Carlos Alexander , Bigurra-Alzati Carlos Alfredo
Published: November 2024

El estrés hídrico es una realidad cada vez más acuciante en el mundo, se manifiesta como la escasez o mala calidad del agua dulce disponible para satisfacer las necesidades humanas. La obtención de agua a partir de recursos hídricos alternativos puede ayudar a reducir la presión sobre los recursos hídricos tradicionales y garantizar un suministro de agua confiable. El sistema de captura de agua de niebla es una opción de tecnologías sostenibles, el cual es viable para comunidades con las condiciones físicas adecuadas. Sin embargo, la disponibilidad y el costo de la malla Raschel pueden ser un obstáculo para su implementación. Por este motivo, la implementación de una malla plástica de Tereftalato de Polietileno = PET tejido, se presenta como una oportunidad para integrarse al sistema de captura de agua de niebla, considerando las evaluaciones mecánicas del material y la comparación de su eficiencia en la captura de agua en contra del sistema estándar con malla Raschel.
Concreto estructural con obsidiana como sustituto de agregado grueso
Authors: López-Gutierrez Jorge Alan , Melo-Morales Ángel Nahum
Published: November 2024

La demanda de hormigón en la construcción impulsa la innovación hacia materiales alternativos para producir hormigón duradero y de alta calidad sin dejar de cumplir con los requisitos de ingeniería. Este trabajo busca optimizar los recursos de las regiones locales mediante la introducción de agregados volcánicos con textura vítrea en la producción de concreto. Y determinar la capacidad de estos para una determinada utilización. Para ello se realizaron pruebas y métodos como granulometría, revenimiento y prueba de compresión, para los cuales se trituró el agregado vítreo (obsidiana), se le dio una limpieza externa y se tamizó para determinar el tamaño a utilizar. Se desarrollaron dos diseños de mezcla distintos para evaluar la resistencia a la compresión del hormigón producido a partir de rocas volcánicas, en proporciones diferentes. El estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las propiedades y características que ofrece cada agregado, incluidas especificaciones técnicas como la resistencia a la compresión, en función de su mérito individual.
Una aplicación de un modelo de optimización para la ubicación de centros de distribución de libros de texto para escuelas primarias.
Authors: Zúñiga-Hernández Jasmín , Vázquez-Hernández Yadhira , Montúfar-Benítez Marco Antonio , Trigos-Salazar Federico , Corona-Armenta José Ramón , Montaño-Arango Oscar
Published: November 2024

El costo logístico de distribución de bienes o mercancías tiene un papel muy importante en el desempeño de cualquier cadena de suministro. En México la distribución de libros de texto gratuitos se ha realizado de manera descoordinada desde hace muchos años. En este trabajo proponemos la aplicación del algoritmo de Weiszfeld en dos etapas, basado en un modelo de programación matemática no lineal, para determinar las ubicaciones optimas de los puntos de entrega de las zonas escolares (ZE) que generan el mínimo costo logístico de recolectar los libros en las ubicaciones de los servicios regionales (SR) en un determinado Estado de la República Mexicana. Los resultados servirán como guía en la planeación que hace cada persona responsable de la ZE y organizar la recepción de los libros que le corresponden. De llevarse a cabo este tipo de intervención en la distribución de libros gratuitos en todo México los ahorros esperados serían de mayor impacto.
Gestión del agua pluvial mediante sistemas de retención–detención para la zona de Tulancingo Hidalgo
Authors: Hipólito-Jiménez Ulises , Navarro-Gómez Humberto Iván , Cerón-Carballo Jesús Emmanuel , Contreras-López Christhopher , Flores-Badillo Javier , Lozano-Hernández Jairo Armando
Published: November 2024

El estudio se centra en la gestión del agua en Tulancingo de Bravo, Hidalgo, abordando las inundaciones frecuentes causadas por la urbanización y el cambio climático, por lo que el objetivo es desarrollar un sistema integrado de captación y aprovechamiento de las aguas pluviales, donde no solamente se mitigue el impacto de las inundaciones, sino también se mejore la recarga de los acuíferos. Se propusieron soluciones para evitar encharcamientos en la colonia Vicente Guerrero, con énfasis en facilitar la infiltración del agua pluvial en el subsuelo y reducir los daños a los asentamientos humanos. Los resultados mostraron una reducción significativa del riesgo de inundaciones y una mejora en la recarga del acuífero, validando la efectividad del sistema propuesto de Retención-Detención + Pozos de Absorción, debido a que muestra ventajas en cuanto a rapidez de construcción y efectividad al reducir las inundaciones en un 90% y recarga el acuífero en un 50%.
Uçucu kül, silis dumanı ve cam elyaf kullanılarak iyileştirilen kilin mühendislik performansının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Doğan Nagihan , Fırat Müge Elif
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmada mineral katkı ve lif kullanılarak iyileştirilen killi zeminin mühendislik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla killi zemine %5, %10, %20 oranlarında uçucu kül ile silis dumanı, %1, %1,5, %2 oranlarında cam elyaf eklenmiştir. Katkı maddeleri ile stabilize edilen zeminin fiziksel özelliklerini belirlemek için Atterberg limitleri ve Proktor deneyi uygulanmıştır. Dayanım özelliklerini değerlendirebilmek için stabilize edilmiş killi zemine farklı kür sürelerinde ve farklı su içeriklerinde tek eksenli basınç testi uygulanmıştır. Deneylerin sonucunda, silis dumanı ve uçucu kül katkılarının kil zeminin plastisite indeksi ve likit limit değerlerinde azalmaya neden olduğu görülmüştür. Silis dumanının %20 oranında ilave edilmesiyle plastisite indeksi %2,080 azalırken, %20 uçucu kül ilave edilmesiyle %0,042 azalmıştır. Serbest basınç dayanım değerleri incelendiğinde, su içeriğinin artmasıyla birlikte killi zeminin UCS dayanımı azalmıştır. Optimum su içeriğinden düşük su içeriğine sahip killi zemin daha büyük UCS dayanımına sahipken, mineral katkı ve lif ilave edilmesiyle UCS dayanımı artmıştır. Silis dumanının UCS değerleri üzerinde daha etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir. Su içeriği arttıkça killi zeminin UCS yenilme mukavemetinin azaldığı görülmüştür. Silis dumanı, uçucu kül ve cam elyaf ilave edilen kil numunelerinin kırılganlık indeksi değerlerinin, optimum su içeriğinde doğal kil numunelerine göre daha kırılgan hale geldiği görülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlar, kil zeminine ilave edilen mineral katkı malzemelerinin ve liflerin zeminin fiziksel ve mühendislik özellikleri üzerinde etkili olduğunu göstermiştir.
A Green Method for Preparation of Cyanidin-3-glucoside from Carissa carandas Fruits and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity Evaluation
Authors: Saengkhaw Kittituch , Arthan Nuttapong , Panichayupakaranant Pharkphoom
Published: November 2024

In this research, a tailored approach for the preparation of a cyanidin-3-glucoside-enriched extract (C3GE) and cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) from the fruits of Carissa carandas L. was achieved using a green methodology. The method involved a cold extraction, followed by fractionation processes on a hydrophobic (Diaion® HP-20) column using a hydroethanolic solvent system for column elution. C3GE was produced after the one-step fractionation, while C3G was obtained after the two-step fractionation. Based on an HPLC method, C3GE contained 27.3% w/w of C3G, while C3G was identified via its 1H and 13C NMR data. An in vitro assay for the α-glucosidase inhibitory effect revealed that C3GE and C3G possessed good inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 19.7 and 4.4 µg/mL, respectively, which is better than that of acarbose (IC50 of 395.4 µg/mL). Our findings suggest the potential use of this green extraction method for the production of C3G and C3GE, as well as its application in functional ingredient industries, including nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals.
HIPERVIGILÂNCIA, HACKING GOVERNAMENTAL, GENOCÍDIO QUÂNTICO E BIG DATA
Authors: Cantarini Paola
Published: November 2024

A vigilância é uma dimensão-chave do mundo moderno, e hoje está intimamente relacionada com o big data: Projeto The big data Surveillance, Centro de Estudos de Vigilância do Canadá, a exemplo de aplicações de IA tais como: reconhecimento facial, policiamento preditivo, em termos de uma vigilância que agora se caracteriza em massa, sob o slogan “coletar tudo”, a partir da análise e acesso a enorme volume de dados pessoais. um enorme volume de dados pessoais.
DO CIBERESPAÇO AO CAPITALISMO DE VIGILÂNCIA: UMA NOVA CONFIGURAÇÃO DE PODER ARQUITETADA SOBRE DADOS
Authors: Kerschner Andressa , Hupffer Haide Maria
Published: November 2024

As tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDICS)
estão infiltradas em todas as esferas da vida, sejam elas econômicas, políticas, de consumo, de relações sociais, educacionais, ambiente de trabalho, de saúde, como também em serviços de geolocalização.