bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using optimized statistical distances to confront distributed denial of service attacks in software defined networks
Authors: Ghasabi Mozhgan , Deypir Mahmood
Published: February 2021

Software-defined networks (SDN) are an emerging architecture that provides promising amends to put an end to current infrastructure constraints by optimized bandwidth utilization, flexibility in network management and configuration, and pulling down operating costs in traditional network structures. Despite the advantages of this architecture, SDNs may become the victim of a distributed denial of service (DDOS) attacks as the result of potential vulnerabilities in various layers. Therefore, the rapid detection of attack traffic in the early stages is very important. In this paper, we have proposed statistical solution to detect and to mitigate distributed denial of service attack in software-defined networks utilizing the unique capabilities of the SDN architecture. Here, the exponential weighted moving average protection mechanism (EWMA) in statistical distances is exploited. The simulation results of our extensive experiments showed that our mechanism is able to quick detection of attack traffics and take amendatory actions. Moreover, the evaluations show the superiority of the proposed algorithm with respect to other statistical methods.
A lazy feature selection method for multi-label classification
Authors: Pereira Rafael B. , Plastino Alexandre , Zadrozny Bianca , Merschmann Luiz H.C.
Published: February 2021

In many important application domains, such as text categorization, biomolecular analysis, scene or video classification and medical diagnosis, instances are naturally associated with more than one class label, giving rise to multi-label classification problems. This has led, in recent years, to a substantial amount of research in multi-label classification. More specifically, feature selection methods have been developed to allow the identification of relevant and informative features for multi-label classification. This work presents a new feature selection method based on the lazy feature selection paradigm and specific for the multi-label context. Experimental results show that the proposed technique is competitive when compared to multi-label feature selection techniques currently used in the literature, and is clearly more scalable, in a scenario where there is an increasing amount of data.
Comparative study on credit card fraud detection based on different support vector machines
Authors: Li Chenglong , Ding Ning , Zhai Yiming , Dong Haoyun
Published: February 2021

Credit card fraud is the new financial fraud crime accompanied by the gradual development of the economy which causes billions of dollars of losses every year. Credit card fraud case not only seriously violated the cardholder benefits and financial institutions, but also undermined the credit management order. However, fraudsters keep exploring new crime strategies constantly which exacerbates the crime rate of fraud. Thus, a predictive model for credit card fraud detection is essential to minimize its losses. By distinguishing between fraud and non-fraud, machine learning is one of the most efficient solutions for detecting fraud. Support vector machines have proven to be a novel algorithm with excellent performance. Nevertheless, the performance of SVM depends largely on the correct choice of model parameters (C and g), which could cause that the false positive was very high if the kernel function type and parameter cannot be selected properly. In this paper, based on the real transaction data of the credit card business, firstly, it will find the optimal kernel function suitable for the data set. Secondly, this paper will propose the method of optimizing the support vector machine parameters by the cuckoo search algorithm, genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm. Last but not least, the Linear kernel function was found to be the best kernel function with an accuracy rate of 91.56%. Furthermore, the Radial basis function is used to optimize the kernel function, which can improve the accuracy from 42.86% to the highest accuracy rate of 98.05%. Compared with CS-SVM and GA-SVM, PSO-SVM has the best overall performance.
The Impact of a Global Pandemic on People Living with Dementia and Their Care Partners: Analysis of 417 Lived Experience Reports
Authors: Tam Mallorie T. , Dosso Jill A. , Robillard Julie M.
Published: February 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting the physical and emotional health of older adults living with dementia and their care partners. Objective: Using a patient-centered approach, we explored the experiences and needs of people living with dementia and their care partners during the COVID-19 pandemic as part of an ongoing evaluation of dementia support services in British Columbia, Canada. Methods: A survey instrument was developed around the priorities identified in the context of the COVID-19 and Dementia Task Force convened by the Alzheimer Society of Canada. Results: A total of 417 surveys were analyzed. Overall, respondents were able to access information that was helpful for maintaining their own health and managing a period of social distancing. Care partners reported a number of serious concerns, including the inability to visit the person that they care for in long-term or palliative care. Participants also reported that the pandemic increased their levels of stress overall and that they felt lonelier and more isolated than they did before the pandemic. The use of technology was reported as a way to connect socially with their loved ones, with the majority of participants connecting with others at least twice per week. Conclusion: Looking at the complex effects of a global pandemic through the experiences of people living with dementia and their care partners is vital to inform healthcare priorities to restore their quality of life and health and better prepare for the future.
Relationship Between Alzheimer’s Disease and Retinal Choroidal Thickness: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Li Mo , Li Rena , Lyu Ji-hui , Chen Jian-hua , Wang Wei , Gao Mao-long , Li Wen-jie , De Jie , Mu Han-yan , Pan Wei-gang , Mao Pei-xian , Ma Xin
Published: February 2021

Background: The choroid is involved directly or indirectly in many pathological conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between retinal choroidal properties and the pathology of AD by determining choroidal thickness, hippocampus volume, cognitive functions, and plasma BACE1 activity. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 37 patients with AD and 34 age-matched controls were included. Retinal choroidal thickness was measured via enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography. Hippocampal volume was measured via 3.0T MRI. Cognitive functions were evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog). Plasma BACE1 activity was analyzed using a fluorescence substrate-based plasma assay, and regression model were to analyze the data. Results: Retinal choroidal thickness was significantly thinner in the AD group than in the control group [(114.81±81.30) μm versus (233.79±38.29) μm, p < 0.05]. Multivariable regression analysis indicated that the ADAS-cog scores (β=–0.772, p = 0.000) and age (β=–0.176, p = 0.015) were independently associated with choroidal thickness. The logistic regression model revealed that the subfoveal choroidal thickness was a significant predictor for AD (OR = 0.984, 95% CI: 0.972–0.997). Conclusion: There was a general tendency of choroid thinning as the cognitive function declined. Although choroidal thickness was not a potential indicator for early stage AD, it was valuable in monitoring AD progression.
Probing the Role of a Regional Quantitative Assessment of Amyloid PET
Authors: Peira Enrico , Grazzini Matteo , Bauckneht Matteo , Sensi Francesco , Bosco Paolo , Arnaldi Dario , Morbelli Silvia , Chincarini Andrea , Pardini Matteo , Nobili Flavio
Published: February 2021

Background: In clinical practice, the amy-PET is globally inspected to provide a binary outcome, but the role of a regional assessment has not been fully investigated yet. Objective: To deepen the role of regional amyloid burden and its implication on clinical-neuropsychological features. Materials: Amy-PET and a complete neuropsychological assessment (Trail Making Test, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, semantic verbal fluency, Symbol Digit, Stroop, visuoconstruction) were available in 109 patients with clinical suspicion of Alzheimer’s disease. By averaging the standardized uptake value ratio and ELBA, a regional quantification was calculated for each scan. Patients were grouped according to their overall amyloid load: correlation maps, based on regional quantification, were calculated and compared. A regression analysis between neuropsychological assessment and the regional amyloid-β (Aβ) load was carried out. Results: Significant differences were observed between the correlation maps of patients at increasing levels of Aβ and the overall dataset. The Aβ uptake of the subcortical gray matter resulted not related to other brain regions independently of the global Aβ level. A significant association of semantic verbal fluency was observed with ratios of cortical and subcortical distribution of Aβ which represent a coarse measure of differences in regional distribution of Aβ. Conclusion: Our observations confirmed the different susceptibility to Aβ accumulation among brain regions. The association between cognition and Aβ distribution deserves further investigations: it is possibly due to a direct local effect or it represents a proxy marker of a more aggressive disease subtype. Regional Aβ assessment represents an available resource on amy-PET scan with possibly clinical and prognostic implications.
Mild Behavioral Impairment and Subjective Cognitive Decline Predict Cognitive and Functional Decline
Authors: Ismail Zahinoor , McGirr Alexander , Gill Sascha , Hu Sophie , Forkert Nils D. , Smith Eric E.
Published: February 2021

Background: Mild behavioral impairment (MBI) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are dementia risk states, and potentially represent neurobehavioral and neurocognitive manifestations, respectively, of early stage neurodegeneration. Both MBI and SCD predict incident cognitive decline and dementia, are associated with known dementia biomarkers, and are both represented in the NIA-AA research framework for AD in Stage 2 (preclinical disease). Objective: To assess the associations of MBI and SCD, alone and in combination, with incident cognitive and functional decline in a population of older adults. We tested the hypothesis that MBI and SCD confer additive risk for decline. Methods: Cognitively normal participants were followed up annually at Alzheimer’s Disease Centers. Logistic regression assessed the relationship between baseline classification (MBI-SCD-, MBI-SCD+, MBI+SCD-, or MBI+SCD+) and 3-year outcome. Results: Of 2,769 participants (mean age=76), 1,536 were MBI-SCD-, 254 MBI-SCD+, 743 MBI+SCD-, and 236 MBI+SCD+. At 3 years, 349 (12.6%) declined to CDR >0, including 23.1% of the MBI+group, 23.5% of the SCD+group, and 30.9% of the intersection group of both MBI+and SCD+participants. Compared to SCD-MBI-, we observed an ordinal progression in risk (ORs [95% CI]): 3.61 [2.42–5.38] for MBI-SCD+ (16.5% progression), 4.76 [3.57–6.34] for MBI+SCD- (20.7%), and 8.15 [5.71–11.64] for MBI+SCD+(30.9%). Conclusion: MBI and SCD together were associated with the greatest risk of decline. These complementary dementia risk syndromes can be used as simple and scalable methods to identify high-risk patients for workup or for clinical trial enrichment.
The effect of international energy market shocks on coal price of China based on the fuzzy integrated vector auto regressive and error correction model
Authors: Shi Ruyi , Wang Di , Zhao Yueying
Published: February 2021

From the perspective of external market shocks, this paper proposed fuzzy integrated vector auto regression (FVAR) model that determines the long-term basis and short-term basis interactions of China’s coal price with international energy prices. The proposed FVAR preform coal price fluctuation based on long-term and short term span in six stages including unit root testing, Johansen cointegration test, vector auto regression (VAR) model construction, fuzzification of VAR model, vector error correction (VEC) model and an impulse response function(IRF). It is observed that there is a steady long-term stability and equilibrium bond between the China’s domestic coal price, international coal price and the international crude (unrefined) oil price. The international coal and international crude oil price have an opposite effect on China’s domestic coal price. In addition, the former has a stronger fuzzy price discovery function on China’s domestic coal market than the latter. In the short term, China’s domestic coal price is more complex to instability reactions and is affected by market expectations. The international energy market is more effective than domestic coal market, and there is a relatively stable price adjustment mechanism between the two, with the international coal price playing a leading role in the fuzzy guidance of China’s coal price. Therefore, in reference to international energy pricing models, the paper proposes a fuzzy pricing model for a coal futures index based on the coal futures trading price and supplemented by the premium and discount agreed to by both trading parties.
Decision analysis of the elderly participating in the housing reverse mortgage: Based on bequest motivation constraint
Authors: Wang Ping , Han Wei
Published: February 2021

From the perspective of consumption preference and bequest preference, this paper constructs a financial actuarial model and studies thelifetime value change of senior citizens to participate in housing reverse mortgage(HRM). The research results are as follows: (1) The trade-off between changes in the value of consumption and inheritance is the main decision rule to participate in housing reverse mortgage(HRM), and the intensity of bequest motivation is an important constraint mechanism to the lifetime expectation value of the senior citizensparticipating in housing reverse mortgage(HRM); (2) When the bequest motivation of the elderly is relatively weak, the elderly have conversely strong consumption preference, and the elderly participating in the non-redemption HRM can obtain higher lifelong value change; (3) When the bequest motivation of the elderly is relatively strong, the elderly have correspondingly strong bequest preference. Participating in the HRM with redemption option can realize the option of retaining part of the heritage value and reduce the volatility of heritage loss. Therefore, the restriction of bequest motivation on the demand of the elderly can be reduced to a certain extent, which is more suitable for the retired residents with strong heritage motivation.
The research on the relationship between corporate innovation, enforcement and board characteristics on the background of artificial intelligence–taking chinese listed companies as an example
Authors: Rui Wang , Qiuyang Gu , Zhijiao Yang
Published: February 2021

In this era of artificial intelligence and information, the transformation and upgrading of enterprises plays a crucial role in their development. This study analyzes the regulatory penalties of listed companies published by the Shenzhen and Shanghai stock exchanges from 1996 to 2017, and explores the relationship between the number of enforcements of these companies and their innovation ability. Existing research literature confirms that board characteristics, including the gender of the CEO and whether the CEO has an overseas background, will have a significant impact on the company’s ability to innovate and the likelihood of corporate penalties. Therefore, this study selects the two moderator variables of the chairman’s gender and whether the chairman has overseas study background. This study uses the To bit model and establishes three hypotheses to verify whether the company’s ability to innovate can significantly affect the number of times they are enforced, whether the chairman’s gender and whether the chairman’s overseas background will have a moderator effect on this relationship. The analysis results confirm these three assumptions.
Optimization-assisted water supplement mechanism with energy efficiency in IoT based greenhouse
Authors: Khudoyberdiev Azimbek , Ullah Israr , Kim DoHyeun
Published: February 2021

Remarkable resource management and energy efficiency improvements can be achieved in greenhouses using innovative technological advancements and modern agricultural methods. Deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) and optimization algorithms in greenhouse farming is highly desirable for real-time monitoring and controlling various parameters with optimal solutions. However, IoT based greenhouses require more energy as compared to traditional farming. This paper proposes an optimal greenhouse water supplement mechanism with efficient energy consumption based on IoT and optimization techniques. The first contribution of this study is to gather the actual water and soil moisture levels from the greenhouse and tank using IoT devices. Secondly, the formulation and deployment of an objective function to compute the optimal water and soil moisture levels for greenhouse and tank based on user-desired settings, the system constraints and actual sensing values. We applied a rule-based expert system to activate water pumps with the required flow rate and operational duration to achieve efficient energy consumption. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed concept, embedded IoT devices and objective function for optimization are deployed as well as, a number of experiments are conducted to provide the optimal water and soil moisture levels in a real greenhouse and water tank environment.
Global Displacement of ISIS Activities and the Effectiveness of Police Arrests as a Means of Deterrence
Authors: Onat Ismail , San Serdar
Published: February 2021

U.S.-led coalition forces liberated all of the territory ISIS held in Syria and Iraq in the first quarter of 2019. Although the defeat was a significant achievement, ISIS continues its activities outside the Syria and Iraq region. Turkey matters to ISIS because the group carries out attacks and uses the country to move fighters and supplies. However, Turkey relies heavily on police crackdowns to deter terrorism. Drawing on data from the Armed Conflict Event and Location Database, the Turkish Ministry of Interior, and an online news source, the current study first analyzed trends in ISIS attacks around the world. Then, it explored the extent to which police arrests prevent ISIS from further deadly attacks in Turkey. Results from the study suggest that ISIS activities are likely to decrease in Syria and Iraq after the U.S.-led military operations but increase in other countries. Also, mass arrests were ineffective in preventing subsequent deadly attacks in Turkey. Policy implications are discussed.
Clinical pathogenic basis for anti-adhesive treatment for appendicular-genital syndrome in women of reproductive age
Authors:   Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation, Simrok V.V. , Popova I.A. ,   St. Luca Lugansk State Medical University, Lugansk, Lugansk People’s Republic, Mel’nikova D.V. ,   LLC “MedFormula”, Sevastopol, Russian Federation
Published: February 2021

Aim: to assess the efficacy of penicillamine for the complex prevention of pelvic peritoneal adhesions in appendicitis associated with the acute conditions of uterine appendages (appendicular-genital syndrome, AGS) based on the changes in the levels of hydroxyproline and the major clinical symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease. Patients and Methods: 157 women of reproductive age with AGS who were urgently or routinely admitted to a gynecological or surgical hospital were examined. Comparison group women were prescribed with conventional anti-inflammatory treatment or surgery as needed. Study group women additionally received penicillamine 250 mg twice daily for a month. Pre- and post-treatment non-invasive assessment of the peritoneal adhesive process was performed by measuring the levels of protein-bound and free hydroxyproline. Treatment efficacy was evaluated after 1 month by the changes in hydroxyproline levels, major clinical symptoms, and ultrasound. Results: it was demonstrated that pelvic acute inflammatory disease results in > 1.5-fold increase in the levels of protein-bound and free hydroxyproline. Penicillamine as a component of the complex treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease reduces the levels of hydroxyproline to normal ranges. The changes in the major clinical symptoms and ultrasonic findings after penicillamine therapy were more significant compared to the standard treatment. Conclusions: penicillamine as a component of the complex treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease significantly accelerates the improvement of symptoms and remission as well as the formation of peritoneal adhesions. This prevents both pelvic adhesive disease and tubal- and peritoneal-factor infertility. KEYWORDS: appendicular-genital syndrome, inflammation, hydroxyproline, penicillamine, pelvic peritoneal adhesions, prevention, adhesion formation. FOR CITATION: Simrok V.V., Popova I.A., Mel’nikova D.V. Clinical pathogenic basis for anti-adhesive treatment for appendicular-genital syndrome in women of reproductive age. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2020;3(4):228–232. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430- 2020-3-4-228-232.
Menopausal metabolic syndrome and the risks of menopausal hormone therapy: the solutions
Authors:   Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, Russian Federation, Esedova A.E. , Urudzheva N.G. ,   Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, Russian Federation, Il’ina I.Yu. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: February 2021

Climacteric is a physiological period of woman’s life starting from the decline in ovarian activity until the end of ovarian function. This period is commonly accompanied by the development of menopausal metabolic syndrome characterized by the increase in visceral fat mass, insulin resistance, and hyperinsulinemia which result in the disorders of carbohydrate, lipid, and purine metabolism. This paper reviews the factors increasing the risk of metabolic syndrome during menopause. Diagnostic techniques for metabolic syndrome are described. Treatment approaches to menopausal metabolic syndrome, the potentialities and specifics of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), its anticipated effects are discussed. The difficulties with MHT are accounted for by the lack of an optimal medication which will maintain the functioning of cardiovascular system, skeletal system, brain, and optimal weight and also has a minimal risk of side effects and complications. Meanwhile, adequate MHT for climacteric disorders in perimenopausal and early postmenopausal women is an effective and safe treatment for menopausal metabolic syndrome considered as a prerequisite for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. KEYWORDS: menopause, climax, metabolic syndrome, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, menopausal hormone therapy, venous thromboembolism. FOR CITATION: Esedova A.E., Urudzheva N.G., Il’ina I.Yu. Menopausal metabolic syndrome and the risks of menopausal hormone therapy: the solutions. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2020;3(4):260–266. DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2020-3-4-260-266.
Educação da Cultura Visual: conceitos e contextos
Authors: Martins Raimundo , Tourinho Irene
Published: February 2021

Este volume da coleção Cultura Visual e Educação reúne autores que destrincham particularidades epistemológicas, metodológicas e práticas da Educação da cultura visual. O livro expõe uma paisagem diversificada, ancorada em experiências e contextos de autores que se dedicam à formação de educadores, à pesquisa e à produção de conhecimento articulado com a docência no campo da cultura visual. Atitude crítica, jogo entre prazer e conhecer, mobilidade do olhar, deslocamentos de usos e funções da arte, das imagens e do ensino encontram, nestes textos, ressonância que atrai e estimula perspectivas nas quais a cultura visual deflagra rumos educativos.
Alterações Funcionais em Mulheres Submetidas à Cirurgia de Mama com Linfadenectomia Axilar Total
Authors: Bregagnol Rafael Klegues , Dias Alexandre Simões
Published: February 2021

O propósito deste estudo foi identificar de forma quantitativa as alterações físico-funcionais decorrentes do procedimento cirúrgico de linfadenectomia axilar total (LAT) em mulheres com neoplasia mamária. Participaram do estudo 28 mulheres que realizaram LAT, no qual foram mensurados: amplitude de movimento (ADM) da articulação dos ombros, perimetria dos membros superiores, teste de função pulmonar (FP) e força dos músculos respiratórios (FMR) nos períodos pré-operatório (PRÉ), pós-operatório imediato (POI) e tardio (POT). Análise postural foi realizada nos períodos PRÉ e POT. Houve diminuição da ADM de ombro para flexão e abdução do lado operado, quando comparados os valores do momento PRÉ com o POI (p<0,001 para ambos os movimentos) e POT(p<0,001 para ambos os movimentos). O lado não operado apresentou diferença significativa inferior para flexão e abdução entre o PRÉ com o POI, (p=0,003 e p=0,001, respectivamente), retornando a valores basais no POT. Observou-se alteração na perimetria apenas no lado operado em 15cm acima do olécrano, quando comparado o PRÉ(30,8±3,27) com o POI(31,4±3,66), permanecendo no POT(31,2±3,17). AFP e a FMR diferiram estatisticamente apenas entre o PRÉ e o POI(CVF p=0,006, VEF1 p<0,001, PImáx p<0,001, PEmáx p=0,013), e a postura não apresentou alteração significativa entre os períodos estudados. Pacientes que possuem câncer de mama e realizam a LATcomo forma de tratamento apresentam alterações funcionais articulares e da FP e FMRprincipalmente no período POI, no qual o conhecimento por parte dos profissionais da saúde é fundamental para minimizar e recuperar estas alterações.
CASH FLOW PROYEK DENGAN SUMBER MODAL BANK SYARIAH PADA PEMBANGUNAN DAN REHABILITASI GEDUNG PELAYANAN KESEHATAN PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN GUNUNG KIDUL
Authors: Abma Vendie , Nugraheni Fitri , Metalindra Metalindra
Published: February 2021

AbstractA construction project has several factors that affect the success of a project. One of the factors was an optimal project’s cash flow. Optimizing cash flow of a construction project can be done by making several cash flow plans, and choosing the best one considering appropriate project’s time and cost constraints. The purpose of this study is to obtain an optimal cash flow plan on a construction project  using a capital loan from Sharia Bank.This research will be carried out on a specific project which is Construction and Rehabilitation Project of Government Health Service Building, District of Gunungkidul. In this study, the method used to analyze data is to make several project cash flow based on “Earliest Start” scheme by determining the duration for each activity and creating a network diagram using the Precedence Diagram Method (PDM). The final step is analysing the cash flow by calculating negative overdraft for each cash flow plan to determine the amount of capital loan from Sharia Bank and then comparing profits to obtain the optimal one.Analysis and discussion reveal that on the system of given Down Payment, and Project’s Termyn 50%, 75% and 100%, and a loan from Sharia Bank it is found that the optimum cash flow will make profit of 7.49%. Keywords: Cash Flow, Earliest Start (ES), Optimal Profit, Sharia Bank.AbstrakProyek konstruksi memiliki beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi kelancaran proyek tersebut, salah satu yang mempengaruhi proyek tersebut adalah cash flow optimal. Optimalisasi cash flow suatu proyek konstruksi dapat dilakukan dengan membuat rencana cash flow secara tepat dari suatu proyek. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan rencana cash flow optimal pada proyek konstruksi dengan menggunakan sumber modal bank syariah.Obyek penelitian akan dilakukan pada proyek Pembangunan dan Rehabilitasi Gedung Pelayanan Kesehatan Pemerintah Kab. Gunungkidul. Pada penelitian ini dalam analisis data dibuat rencana cash flow proyek dengan menentukan durasi untuk setiap kegiatan dan membuat diagram jaringan kerja earliest start menggunakan metode Precedence Diagram Method (PDM) dengan bantuan software microsoft. Langkah terakhir adalah analisis cash flow dengan menentukan overdrat negatif pada rencana cash flow untuk menentukan nominal pinjaman dengan menggunakan sumber modal bank syariah lalu membandingan keuntungan untuk mendapatkan profit optimal.Hasil analisis cash flow dan pembahasan didapat beberapa kesimpulan yaitu pada sistem pembayaran uang muka, termin 50%, termin 75% dan termin 100% dari owner serta menggunakan pendanaan bank syariah didapatkan cash flow optimal pada kondisi penjadwalan earliest start dengan persentase profit sebesar 7,49%. Kata kunci: Cash Flow, Earliest Start (ES), Optimal Profit, Bank Syariah.
Education: une étude basée sur le rapport de l’UNESCO sur les quatre piliers du savoir
Authors: Rodrigues Zuleide Blanco
Published: February 2021

Ce travail reprend comme référence l’ouvrage «L’éducation, un trésor à découvrir – Educação: Um Tesouro a Descobrir» de Jacques Delors, préparé pour l’UNESCO, sur les quatre piliers de la connaissance : apprendre à connaître, à faire, à vivre ensemble et à être, étant une recherche bibliographique. Le problème qui a motivé ce travail est de montrer que le profond changement des cadres traditionnels de l’existence humaine nous place avant le nouvel engagement à mieux comprendre l’autre être social et le monde qui nous entoure. L’objectif général est de sensibiliser les personnes liées au processus éducatif pour se rendre compte que la pratique de l’éducation d’aujourd’hui est basée sur l’opinion que la personne humaine est amenée à prendre soin de facteurs externes, sans l’instigation appropriée de l’autonomie du raisonnement. Les piliers ont des objectifs spécifiques : amener les gens tout au long de leur vie à suivre le chemin de la connaissance de soi, à développer la personnalité de manière intégrale; consolider l’esprit d’équipe, la créativité et le respect des différences; d’éveiller dès le plus jeune âge la conscience qu’une éducation fondée sur les quatre piliers de la connaissance formera les leaders de l’avenir. La conclusion qui clôture l’œuvre montre que l’évolution actuelle de la société, face à la machine de production, exige de nouvelles propositions de l’absorption de la connaissance, de la fabrication, de la coexistence et de la dimension sociale en cette ère de connaissance.
التفسير العلمي لأحاديث التمر في ضوء جمع روايات الحديث والاكتشافات العلمية الجديدة
Authors: Ismail Yusuf
Published: February 2021

The Hadiths of the Prophet regarding benefits of dates or scientifically known as Phoenix dactilyfera has gain so much attention from the scientist of Islamic knowledge and the modern sciences. Most researches presented in the topic focus on the benefit of dates in dealing with poisoning as it were clearly stated in the Hadith, furthermore some new scientific findings prove that the benefits of dates are far beyond that. Besides, the benefits of dates in dealing with black magic is still undiscovered by the modern sciences, even though some people claim to explain it scientifically, it is no more than an example of pseudoscience. It is also important to mention that most of the books published in the field of al-‘Ijaz al-‘ilmi related to the dates issue, especially those written in Arabic language has been observed to repeat the same scientific information regarding the benefits of dates despite the presence of new scientific researches and findings. On the other hand, some researches in this subject also has been notably neglect the importance of collecting all related texts of the Hadith before starting to interpret it, which is a vital step in understanding the Hadith. Therefore this research aims at understanding the Hadith regarding the benefits of dates through collecting all related Hadith in the topic and further interpreting it scientifically by referring to new scientific researches available.
Kajian Pola dan Makna Kontekstual Perkataan Basar dalam Surah al-Isra’
Authors: Mohd Robiatul Adawiyah , Baharuddin Nur Farhana , Hajib Zainal Abidin , Mohd Ghazali Norzulaili , Ahmad Hishomudin
Published: February 2021

Quran is a scripture that was revealed in the last 15 centuries. Each letter, word, verse, and sura contains a perfect and beautiful pattern. Each pattern in the Quran has significant meaning to be studied. Generally, the study of the Quranic pattern has been carried out. However, there is no specific study of the word-based pattern in the Quran especially the word basar. Furthermore, existing Quranic translations have not taken into account the contextual meaning of a word in their translation. Hence, this study aims to examine the basar word pattern in surah al-Isra’, analyze the meaning of the word basar and classify it based on the thematic approach. This paper is a conceptual work paper using qualitative methods and content analysis methods based on the thematic approach. The findings of the study show that there are 8 repetitions of the word basar in surah al-Isra’. The finding of this study also found that each word basar has different meanings based on the derivation and the contextual meaning of each verse. Such special understanding should be examined more broadly on the words contained in the Quran, especially the existing Quranic translations do not take this approach in their translation.
حضور النساء في المساجد من منظور القرآن الكريم دراسة تحليلية
Authors: Hasan Syed Mahmudul
Published: February 2021

The participation of women in five times congregational prayer and attending Friday Sermon improve their understanding of Islam culminated with contributions for the betterment of Muslim society. This study attempts to explore and analyze the participation of women in Muslim prayer hall from the Qur’anic perspective. It responds to the prohibition interpretations and allegations raised by some Muslim Indian scholars who overlook the Qur’anic notion concerning women’s activity in the mosque. In order to grasp the correct understanding of women participation in mosque, this study adopts an inductive method to survey the Qur’anic verses as well as analytical method for scrutinizing Qur’anic verses that related to this issue. The study found that women have a great contribution in developing glorious history of Muslim Prayer Hall. The story of Hajar, Prophet Ibrahim’s wife, and Maryam, Prophet ‘Isa’s mother is among great lesson of establishing this matter. While scholars who disallow women in the mosque referred to some prophetic traditions ahead of the Qur’anic verses as the primary source. In particular, this matter can reach proper solution with reference to the hierarchy of evidence.
معاني الرحمة ومظاهرها في التشريع القرآني
Authors: Mohamed Yusoff Adnan , Mohamed Said Noor Lizza , Yabi Shumsudin
Published: February 2021

Mercy is a feature of Islamic religion as well as a distinctive feature in its legislation. The word of His Almighty, “And We sent thee not, save as a mercy unto the worlds” is among the famous Quranic verses on the tongues of many people to express the majesty of this religion and the tolerance of its legislation. The new government of Malaysia has taken the meanings of this verse as a shibboleth to articulate Islamic projects, works and plans under its rule of the country so to eliminate current trend in presenting Islam in stringent approaches, uncivilized methods and distorted images of the beauty and splendor of Islam. There are certain degrees where many people are plunged into bewilderment the reality of this religion between mercy and ferocity, clemency and cruelty, serenity and agitation, amplitude and narrowness. Likewise, the meanings of mercy, their depictions and their manifestations were veiled from people forasmuch as there are also provisions and statue that may conceal their realities or cover their details. This research is an attempt to delve into the meanings of mercy, its facts and minutes, and to reveal its images and manifestations through the Quranic verses in which the word mercy or its derivatives are mentioned and extract the location of mercy and its true position from these Quranic legislations. It is a library research that relies on extrapolating the Quranic texts in which the word mercy and important models were mentioned including its meaning, depictions, and manifestations of the legislative verses. Special attention is devoted to scholars’ discourse regarding this concept starting with challenges, problems and proposed solutions with a particular focus on contemporary researchers’ books and articles. The main contention of this paper is that the entire Quran by way of teachings, legislations, rulings, works, principles, essentials and rules does not vacate the circle of mercy and compassion yet is rooted in them. The mercy comes from The Most Merciful of The Merciful through His prophet, the faithful, the Compassionate, the Merciful.
إحياء مصطلحات قرآنية وصوفية: دراسة التراكيب الفكرية للشيخ عبد السلام ياسين
Authors: Obeid Hussein Abdulrahman
Published: February 2021

Terminologies are indicators of linguistic and intellectual changes of a vocabulary in its historical context. This vocabulary may preserve some of its original meaning despite the sequential shifts, but it will get away from the lexical meaning and abbreviate intellectual, social and cultural dimensions. Sheikh Yassine is one of thinkers who took the Quranic teachings an intellectual reference. This article aims to present the educational and intellectual terminologies that Yassine developed in response to modernity and western thought. He was excessively concerned to derive those terminologies from the Quran and give them a practical dimension. The method used in this research is inductive by collecting terminologies from Yassine’s books, and subject it to the method of analysis and criticism in order to show its influence. The most important outcome of this research is the conception of qawmah (uprising) that Yassine invented is based on seven stages starting from the prophet’s revolution among his people and ended with establishing a united ummah (Islamic community). While the most firmed concept of Yassine is minhaj which become a code that actualize his project of reformation. Yassine has set some precise principles to deal the mystical experience and teachings of tasawwuf and finally he called for protecting reason from the mazes of mysticism when he dedicated his life completely to da’wah (missionary) and reformation.
مصطلح الخِصَام في القرآن الكريم دراسة دلاليَّة موضوعيَّة
Authors: Ismail Abu Helaleh Mokhled
Published: February 2021

This article aims to examine the term al-khiṣām (dispute) in the Holy Quran. This qualitative study uses the inductive and deductive approaches to extract dispute terms in the Holy Qu'ran. This approach enables to explain considerable dispute meanings, its concept and regulations revealed in the Holy Qu'ran. Hence, through the study of ontological concept, it can encompass many significations of the term dispute in the manner of arguments or disputes among different groups of belief or the exertion of each group in attempt to succeed the dispute. In addition, this study discovers certain regulations in disagreement or dispute such as the renunciation of dispute without knowledge, the enhancement of evidence in dispute as well as the avoidance of useless argument. Among the findings highlighted are four types of disputes mentioned in the Holy Qur'an; first, Angels dispute before the creation of Adam (Peace be upon him); second, the character of human being is a clear adversary; third, dispute between believers and non-believers; fourth, dispute among non-believers in hell of the Judgment Day.
قضية رحمة الله في التفسير الصوفي الإشاري
Authors: Hashim Mahyuddin
Published: February 2021

Some exegetes explained the Qur’anic verses about the mercy of Allah through ṣūfī al-ishārī (mystical allegorical allusion) interpretation which is one of the exegetical approaches to describe the meaning of the Qurʾān. This interpretation is based on hidden symbolic imagery contrary to the conventional interpretation of the Qurʾān. The purpose of this article is to extrapolate the concept of raḥmat Allāh (the mercy of Allah) in Quranic verses with reference to tafsīr ṣūfī al-ishārī. This research is based on the textual study by using content analysis method in criticism and evaluation. The paper opines that adopting tafsīr ṣūfī al-ishārī in the concept of the mercy of Allah is in agreement with the conditions of conventional tafsīr.
جوانب البناء القرآني للإنسان وآلياته عند ابن عاشور من خلال تفسيره التحرير والتنوير: دراسة موضوعية
Authors: Hocini Mohamed Amine , Bounama Fouad , Abdullah Mustaffa , Salmi Hacène
Published: February 2021

This research aims to analyze the Quranic aspects and mechanisms of human development according to Tafsir al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir of Ibn Ashur. The Quranic aspects of human being development as mentioned in the Tafsir al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir need to be identified and are worth highlighting, in terms of its types, priority and mechanisms. This will include a discovery and identification of the Quranic aspects of human being development in the light of Tafsir al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir, which is essential in qualifying the human being to fulfill the duties he is assigned with. This research employs inductive and analytical approaches.  This study found that the Quranic aspects of human development according to Ibn Ashur in his Tafsir al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir consist of four aspects, namely: faith, spiritual, ethical and intellectual. However, Ibn Ashur has neglected the physical aspect of human development. These four aspects are integrated and connected with one to another. In addition, the study shows that every aspect is developed through specific mechanisms correlated to the various religious practices like prayer (Salat), Zakat and many others.
السِّياق ودلالاته في فهم النَّص القرآني
Authors: Toure Abdoul Karim , Jaafar Noornajihan , Mohamed Yusoff Adnan , Houqe Mesbahul , Syed Abdurrahman Al Yahya Syed Mohammad Chaedar , Alassane Berte
Published: February 2021

This study aims to highlight some of the words mentioned in the Holy Qur’an which have more than one meaning. The study will mention these different meanings of each word adopted in the Holy Qur’an which cannot be understood or difficult to know the exact meaning of the word. In this sense, unveiling the meaning of the verses by referring to not only the same verse intended elsewhere but the context of the verses. The researchers adopted inductive methodology in interpreting and analyzing the chosen words along with elaborative approach for their study. The most important findings of the study are that the meanings and interpretations of the Qur’an is continuously expounded in successive generations inasmuch as those scholars who interpret its adaptable and inexhaustible words or verses based on Sharia principles.
Warna Hijau Menurut Perspektif Al-Quran: Satu Analisis Awal
Authors: Mohamed Razali Norwardatun
Published: February 2021

Colour is an integral part of human life. In the Qur’ān, Allāh Almighty  reveals certain colours  in explaining  certain situations. The use of green colour in the verses of the Qur’ān certainly meant different things and thus requires  the interpretations of scholars in order to understand the context or the exact meaning of these verses. This study aims to analyze the verses of the Qur’ān that mention words of green colour  directly and indirectly as well. To achieve this aim, the study will use inductive method by collecting the verses in the Qur’ān which mention the words of green colour and then analyze the meaning of these words in the context of each verses of the Qur’ān. The results from this preliminary analysis found that there are nine verses of the Qur’ān that mention words of  green colour which  are partially affect the situation in  this world and the other verses explains the situation in the hereafter, which all of these verses bring the positive meaning such as peace, tranquility and relaxation.  It follows that the selection of using green colour in the Qur'an is  parallel with human emotions and desires that tend to natural environment.
قضايا الفصل والوصل في سورة الكهف
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed
Published: February 2021

This study is concerned with the issue of rhetorical science (ilm al-ma`ani), namely the concept of disjunction and conjunction (al-fasl wa al-wasl). Building on the beautiful language and methods embedded in the Quran, an attempt will be made to study the aesthetics of rhetoric described by the concept of disjunction and conjunction. In light of this attempt, our study will examine the disjunction and conjunction as advanced by Imam Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani and identify every locations of this concept. Our applied analytical approach will also include a clarification of the rhetorical meanings that arise from the analysis of some verses of Surah al-Kahf. We infer from this study that there are places where disjunction is necessary as well as where the conjunction is imperative. If a listener does not take into account the recognition of these locations, and its familiarity, the meaning will change as it will corrupt the understanding and intention of the listener, and the whole meaning is unreachable as it should be. In conclusion, it would appear that the aesthetic picture painted by the concept of disjunction and conjunction might change, or might not happen, as would be the case if the conjunction completes what is deserved the disjunction, or vice versa. The danger of mixing the locations of disjunction and conjunction has been pointed out by the researcher through its applications to some verses of Surah al-Kahf.
السنة النبوية ومكافحتها لظاهرة الفساد الإداري
Authors: Goje Kabiru
Published: February 2021

This research dealt with the authentic hadith of the Prophet that are related to combating against corruption. Some hadiths mentioned in the research dealt with issues related to administrative corruption such as bribery, gift to civil servants and looting of public funds. Whereas other hadiths dealt with administrative corruption in relation to mediation, and employment of relatives in the government out of favoritism and injustice.  In this paper, effort has been made to ascertain among the most common causes that contribute to the spread of the phenomenon of administrative corruption in the Islamic world. This study aims to find a proper solution and appropriate remedies in light of the Sunnah, in reducing the spread of administrative corruption.  A qualitative approach based upon extensive review of Hadith collections and their commentaries, as well as contemporary scholars writings, has been used to study the concept of administrative corruption and its causes. The researcher also analyzed these data through extracting and highlighting the precise meanings of the texts. The results explicitly elaborate that the Sunnah is the best means to apply for addressing the problem of administrative corruption in the Islamic world. It has been observed that the Sunnah completely address two-fold of people that are administrative officials as well as common people.