bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ADANA’DA YAŞAYAN ŞAMBAYADI TÜRKMENLERİNDE ÖLÜM ETRAFINDA GELİŞEN İNANÇ VE UYGULAMALAR
Authors: Özdamar Fazıl
Published: May 2022

Oğuzların Bayat boyuna mensup olan ve Şam’dan Anadolu’ya yerleştikleri için Şambayadı Türkmenleri adıyla anılan Türkmenlerin günümüzde Adana, Adıyaman, Karaman, Yozgat, Sivas ve Nevşehir’e yerleştikleri bilinmektedir. Adana’da hem kendi adlarıyla kurdukları yerleşim biriminde hem de Adana’nın muhtelif bölgelerinde yaşayan bu Türkmenlerden 2000-2004 yılları arasında yaptığımız gözlem ve derlemeler arasında geçiş dönemlerine ait inanç, âdet ve ritüeller de bulunmaktadır.
Söz konusu derlemelerdeki veriler temel alınarak yapılan bu makalede ilk olarak mensubu da olduğumuz bu Türkmenler ve onların günümüzdeki durumu hakkında kısa bilgi verilmiştir. Ardından söz konusu Türkmenler arasında ölüm olgusunun nasıl algılandığı; ölümü düşündüren ön belirtiler ve kaçınmalar ile ölüm öncesi, sırası ve sonrasına ait inançlar ve bu inançlara bağlı gelişen pratik ve uygulamaların neler olduğu ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca tespit edilen bazı uygulama ve kaçınmaların geçmiş dönemlerde nasıl yapıldığı ve bunların günümüzdeki uygulama ve kaçınmalarıyla kıyaslandığında nasıl ve ne ölçüde değiştiği incelenmiştir. Son olarak aynı Türkmenler arasında ölümle ilgili bazı söz kalıpları ile ölüm sırası ve sonrasında söylenen ağıtların bir kısmı incelemeye dâhil edilmiş ve bu ürünlerin bağlamı hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.
Neticede Şambayadı Türkmenlerinin ölüm etrafında geliştirdikleri inançlarının ve bunlara bağlı ortaya çıkan bazı pratiklerin İslam öncesi Türk inanç sistemine ait uygulamaların kalıntılarının olduğu, bazılarının ise İslamiyet’in kabulüyle birlikte kültüre dâhil edildiği tespit edilmiştir.
CULTURAL DIMENSIONS OF MIGRATION AND ITS REFLECTIONS ON CONTEMPORARY ART: A THEMATIC ANALYSIS
Authors: TOKDİL Ezgi
Published: May 2022

Changing the place where humanity lived for many reasons in the historical process has brought social, economic, cultural, psychological and sociological changes. Leaving behind the place where people were born and lived had great effects on cultural identity as a whole, as well as on their individual identity. In the transition from agricultural societies to industrial societies, there has been a large-scale migration in the current sense, and the most important reason for this has been economic concerns. Other reasons for migration include security concerns and the desire for a better life. Migration also takes place in different dimensions, including vertical and horizontal mobility. Considering the results of migration, vertical mobility from small settlements to larger living centers causes an increase in population in urban centers, the emergence of housing shortages, and economic problems cause political problems. It is seen that it creates negative outcomes such as de-identification, isolation and alienation. However, for individuals who are subject to forced migration, this situation causes great traumas that will last a lifetime. The cultural dimensions of migration are also a broad subject that can be addressed from different perspectives. In the research, physical situations such as migration, urbanization, squatting, and psychological situations such as immigration, otherness, destruction of identity, alienation and loneliness are analyzed through diagrams created through the indicators that refer to these situations and phenomena. Finally, the indicators, themes and approaches to the problem in the works of artists who have personally experienced the immigration situation, and the narrative form and indicators in the works of artists who have not directly experienced this phenomenon, are handled comparatively, and it is aimed to reach a common data by making a thematic analysis on the works taken as a sample.
TARANTİNO FILM AND POSTMODERNISM
Authors: GÜRAL Ufuk
Published: May 2022

Popular American Film, which reached its peak in the 1980s, declined in terms of quality in the following years. In the 1990s, American Film Industry has managed to survive thanks to blockbusters such as “Terminator II”, “Titanic” (D: James Cameron) and to the works of extraordinary directors such as David Fincher, David Lynch, Spike Lee and Quentin Tarantino. The works of these artists, who created a different understanding in Popular Cinema were also a part of Art Films even they reach a wider audience. The films of Quentin Tarantino, who were active in this alternative understanding and created his own audience, were at the pinnacle of this new cinema. The film “True Romance” written by Tarantino and directed by Tony Scott is a prototype of Tarantino Cinema filmed with a simpler budget. This was followed by “Reservoir Dogs” and “Pulp Fiction” which earned him worldwide success. Quentin Tarantino has made progress in every film he has made, compared to his previous one. His film can be reviewed for the Postmodernist elements it contains as well as for thecontaint of those works. In our study, we first investigate the Cinema Environment of the 1990s, which created the conditions for the emergence of Tarantino Film, and then the birth of Postmodernism in Arts. In the chapter that forms the basis of our study, we examine Postmodernism in Tarantino Cinema with examples from his films.
Social Representations of Foreign & Turkish Women on the New Turkish Media: A Thematic Discourse Analysis Through Masculinity Ideology/ Türkiye Yeni Medyasında Yabancı ve Türk Kadınların Sosyal Temsilleri: Erkeklik İdeolojisi Üzerinden Bir Tematik Söylem Analizi
Authors: PEKER DURAL Hilal , SOLAK Çağlar , SOYLU-KONAK Nihan Selin , AKÇA Ece , GÖREGENLİ Melek
Published: May 2022

Past research has laid bare the determining role of media content on people’s gender stereotypic beliefs. In this article, we aimed to examine social media content, which is one of the most influential causal factors in producing social representations in terms of masculinity ideology. We collected the written materials about women in various online collaborative dictionaries written by anonymous writers. We analyzed the entries using thematic discourse analysis, and obtained four themes consisting of (1) the woman as a body, (2) the woman as a persona, (3) the woman as a sexual partner, and (4) the woman as a wife. We discussed these themes in the frames of social representations and masculinity ideology, and the analysis clearly shows the new media’s role in reproducing traditional gender representations via masculinity ideology. This study extends the knowledge about the mechanism between stereotypic representations of women and masculinity ideology in Turkey. The paper contributes to the growing literature on the discursive construction of feminine identity by exploring the dictionary writers’ use of language and how these are complicit in the reproduction of masculinity ideology.
Global perspectives of Africa: Harnessing the universal periodic review to process sexual and gender-based violence in SADC member states
Authors: Vollmer SC , Vollmer DT
Published: May 2022

This article examines the responsiveness of the African human rights system to sexual and gender-based violence (“SGBV”) from a collaborative framework combining both legal and computational methodologies. This alternative lens is proposed to address the need for urgent attention to the increasing SGBV and other human rights violations of persons based on their real or perceived sexual orientation, gender identity and expressions, and/ or sex characteristics (“SOGIESC”), as current research has not yet fully understood the reasons for the enduring gap between the norms and their implementation. Primarily, the focus of this research provides an intersection of the (un)responsiveness of the African human rights system to SGBV and the (in)adequacy of state responses to SGBV, including laws and practices that exacerbate SGBV, with a focus on the Southern African Development Community (“SADC”). The Universal Periodic Review (“UPR”), under the auspices of the United Nations Human Rights Council, was used to determine to what extent African states recognise and articulate positions on SGBV – results of which were used to assess further support through human rights mechanisms under the African human rights system. This article considers the international human rights record of African states on the issues of SGBV SOGIESC-based discrimination and violence. Through a systematic evaluation of the UPR record, the work presented here provides a framework for developing recommendations and/or observations for an integrated approach to advancing SOGIESC rights under the African human rights system. An artefact of the work is the development of a preliminary computational software program that was demonstrated to have captured trends in the aforementioned information with increased efficiency, potentially lowering costs and increasing accessibility.
The responsivity of the mechanism of the Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Women in Africa in combating violence against women
Authors: Kariseb Kennedy
Published: May 2022

By using the mechanism of the Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Women in Africa (SRRWA) as a matrix, this article assesses the responsivity of the mechanism of the SRRWA in combating violence against women (“VAW”). The article argues that the mechanism of the SRRWA has taken up the challenge of contributing, in a substantive manner, to norms development relating to VAW. It finds that although VAW is not an explicit thematic area in the mandate of the SRRWA, compared to the United Nations Human Rights Council’s special rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, in practice it features quite distinctly in the work of the mechanism. This is indicative of the modest focus, response and contribution of the mechanism to this intractable human rights issue.
Relación de preferencias en estilos de aprendizaje con el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes universitarios de ingeniería
Authors: Cruz Sánchez Tarcila Hermelinda , Gomero Mancesidor Johnny Mitchell , Jamanca Gonzales Nicodemo Crescencio , Tosso Pineda Lucia Hiroko
Published: May 2022

La presente investigación tiene su origen en el estudio de los estilos de aprendizaje como factor clave en el logro de niveles óptimos de aprendizaje en los estudiantes universitarios. Por ello, se ha investigado a través de un diseño descriptivo y correlacional la relación entre la predominancia de los estilos de aprendizaje activo, reflexivo, teórico y pragmático (CHAEA) en los resultados académicos de los estudiantes universitarios de Ingeniería abordados por sexo, carrera profesional, niveles de preferencia y escalas de evaluación académica. El estilo de mayor predominancia para los estudiantes de ingeniería es el reflexivo, pero no existe una relación entre los estilos de aprendizaje con el rendimiento académico demostradas con la correlación de Rho de Spearman (p > 0,05).
Raqamli makonda onlayn nizolar tushunchasi va ularning huquqiy maqomi
Authors: Bahramova Mohinur
Published: May 2022

“On-layn nizolarni hal qilish (ODR)” umumiy atamasi xalqaro miqyosda nizolarni ADR usullari yordamida on-layn hal etishning turli shakllari uchun qo‘llaniladi. ODR ba’zi nizolarni (aniqrog‘i elektron nizolar) Internet orqali tez va etarli darajada hal qilinishi mumkinligiga asoslanib, mavjud ADR usullarini to‘ldiradi.ODRni ADR usullari bilan nizolarni hal qilish uchun ilovalar va kompyuter tarmoqlarini joylashtirish sifatida aniqlash mumkin. Elektron nizolarni ham, an’anaviy nizolarini ham ODR yordamida hal qilish mumkin. ODR protseduralari hujjatlarni elektron tarzda to‘ldirishga imkon beradi, bunda taraflar shifrlangan yoki elektron belgilaridan foydalanadilar, ular hujjatlarning yaxlitligini va tranzaktsiyalarni tasdiqlashni himoya qiladilar. Odatda, taraflar nizolarni onlayn hal qilish jarayoniga murojat qilgan taqdirlarida, xizmat ko‘rsatuvchi provayder betaraf arbit yoki arbitrlar kengashini tanlashga imkon beradi. Tomonlar odatda avtorizatsiya jarayoni sodda va aniq belgilangan tartibda tuzilgan va sodda tartiblarni afzal ko‘rishadi.
“Press-reliz” talabalarning ingliz tilidagi kreativ mahsuloti sifatida
Authors: Maxmudova Ibodatxon
Published: May 2022

Kreativ yondashuv universitetda ingliz tilini o‘qitishning muhim tarkibiy qismidir. Ingliz tilini o‘qitishda “press-reliz” kreativ maxsuloti sifatida foydalanishning dolzarbligi shundan iboratki, kreativ yondashuv o‘qituvchiga muloqot faoliyatining barcha turlarini: gapirish, tinglash, o‘qish va yozishni o‘rgatish imkonini beradi.
Maqolada talabalarining ingliz tili ko‘nikmalarini rivojlan-tirish va takomillashtirish uchun kreativ maxsulotining bir shakli sifatida “Press-reliz”dan foydalanishning texnikasi va usullari tasvirlangan. Ishning maqsadi universitetda ingliz tili darslarida kreativ yondashuvdan foydalanishning amaliy tajri-basini umumlashtirishdir.
Мактабгача катта ёшдаги болаларда коммуникатив компетенцияни шакллантириш омиллари
Authors: Комилова Дилнозахон
Published: May 2022

Бугунги кунда мактабгача таълим соҳасида жуда катта ислоҳотлар амалга оширилаётганлиги, бироқ ўқув-тарбия-вий жараёнда турлича ёндашувлар олиб борилса-да, бола-ларнинг мактаб таълимига мослашиши, тенгдошлари ва атрофдагилар билан самарали мулоқотга киришиши қийин кечаётганлиги, мактабгача ёшдаги болаларни комплекс ривожлантириш орқали уларни мактаб таълимига интенсив тайёрлаш масаласи долзарб эканлиги ҳусусида сўз юритилади. Шунингдек, мазкур ёшдаги болаларда коммуникатив компетенцияларни шакллантириш мактаб таълимига тез ва самарали мослашиш омили саналиб, коммуникатив компетенция ижтимоий тавсифга эга бўлиб, уни болаларда шакллантириш учун умумдидактик, хусусий тамойилларга ва инновацион ёндашувларга асосланган жараённи ташкил этишни тақозо этади. Коммуникатив компетенция бола шахсини ривожланишининг муҳим шарти ҳисобланади, шунингдек, шахс ривожланишининг асосий омили саналади. Мақолада “Мактабгача катта ёшдаги болаларда коммуникатив компетенцияни шакл-лантириш тамойиллари ва самарали омиллари” тўғрисида фикрлар юритилган.
Abu Ali Ibn Sinoning ma’naviy-ma’rifiy uyg‘onish g‘oyalari barkamol avlodni tarbiyalashda eng asosiy omillardandir
Authors: Yuldashev S. , Halimbetov Y. , Jalilova D. , Farmanova G.
Published: May 2022

Abu Ali Husayn ibn Abdulloh Ibn Al-Hasan Ibn Ali Ibn Sino (980–1037) haqiqatan ham O‘rta Osiyodan – shahar yaqinidagi Afshon qishlog‘idan chiqqan yirik qomusiy olimlardan biri ekanligini jahon ilmiy jamoatchiligi yaxshi biladi. Buxoro. U falsafa, matematika, ilohiyotni o‘rgandi, astronomiya, geologiya, tabiiy fanlar va she’riyatni o‘rgandi, tibbiyot va tibbiyot amaliyotida ajoyib natijalarga erishdi. Demak, buyuk ajdodimiz Abu Ali Ibn Sinoning ma’naviy merosi Yevropa va jahondagi ilk universitetlarning, oliy ta’lim maktabining tashkil topishi va rivojlanishida boshqa ulug‘ zotlarning hissasi qatori asosiy rol o‘ynagan deb taxmin qilishimiz mumkin. butun insoniyat. Bu zamonaviy talaba-yoshlarimizni Vatanga muhabbat va barcha Markaziy Osiyo xalqlari uchun milliy g‘urur tuyg‘ularining eng yaxshi an’analarida tarbiyalash masalalarini chuqur o‘rganishga loyiqdir.
Bundan o‘n asr muqaddam buyuk tibbiyot olimi Ibn Sino yosh avlod salomatligi haqida jiddiy munozaralar olib borgan edi. Ulardan birinchisi yoshlar hayotining ijtimoiy jihatlarini, ikkinchisi esa tibbiy masalalarni o‘rganishga mo‘ljallangan.
Муддатли меҳнат муносабатларини шартномавий-ҳуқуқий тартибга солишнинг ўзига хос хусусиятлари
Authors: Рахимберганова Бону
Published: May 2022

Мазкур мақолада меҳнат муносабатларини турдош фуқаролик-ҳуқуқий муносабатлардан фарқини кўрсатиб берувчи меҳнат шартномасини тузишнинг муҳим қоида-лари, зарурияти, меҳнат шартномасини тузиш тартиби ва меҳнат шартномасини тузишда иш берувчилар томонидан йўл қўйилаётган камчиликлар зарурияти таҳлил қилинди. Мақолада муддатли меҳнат шартномасининг меҳнат муно-сабатларини тартибга солишдаги аҳамияти, фуқаролик ҳуқуқи билан тартибга солинадиган ҳақ эвазига хизмат кўрсатиш, пудрат шартномаларидан фарқли жиҳатлари ходимлар ҳуқуқларини ҳимоя қилишнинг муҳим тамойил-ларига асосан ҳамда бугунги кундаги бозор иқтисодиётини ривожлантириш талабларини инобатга олган ҳолда ўрганилди. Шунингдек, мақолада иш берувчи ва ходим ўртасида муддатли меҳнат муносабатларини ўрнатишнинг афзалликлари, камчиликлари, шу билан бирга, ҳуқуқни қўллаш амалиётида юзага келаётган муаммолар аниқ-ланди. Муддатли меҳнат шартномасини тузишда иш берув-чининг ҳуқуқларини кенгайтириш масалаларига алоҳида эътибор қаратилиб, Германия ва Франция каби ривож-ланган мамлакатлар қонунчилик тажрибаси асосида меҳнат муносабатларини тартибга солувчи қонунчилик ҳужжатларини такомиллаштиришга доир тавсиялар илгари сурилди.
Personality Traits, Academic Stress and Adjustment Styles among Nursing Students
Authors: Kumar Rajesh
Published: May 2022

Nursing students face extremely high level of stress in their beginning years. Certain personality traits make the students more vulnerable for using adjustment styles and handle the stress in subsequent years of study. The aim of this study was to see the relationship of academic stress with personality traits and adopted adjustment styles among nursing students. In this study conducted on 114 randomly selected nursing students, a socio-demographic data sheet, a short form revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-A Hindi edition (EPQRS-H), Academic Stress Scale and a brief COPE were administered. The data was analysed by using chi-square test, one way ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation. Students reported more use of active and healthy coping styles and more environmental stressors. Academic stress shows negative correlation to extroversion (p<0.05), neuroticism (p<0.05), lie (p<0.05) and psychoticism (p<0.05) personality domains of nursing students. Students having extroversion used significantly more of support seeking style (p=0.05), avoiding (p=0.05), venting negative feelings (p=0.05) and less use of substance abuse (p=0.05) styles. A significantly higher group difference was observed in academic (p=0.015), personal (p=0.015) and environmental areas (p=0.004) and was associated with psychoticism (p=0.029) in students. Academic stress shows negative correlation with different dimensions of personality of nursing students. Students with extroversion had significantly more use of positive and less use of negative coping styles to adjust in environment.
La relación entre las estrategias lúdicas en el aprendizaje y la motivación: un estudio de revisión
Authors:   Universidad de Almería, MANZANO-LEON Ana , ORTIZ-COLON Ana M. ,   Universidad de Jaen, RODRIGUEZ-MORENO Javier ,   Universidad de Jaen, AGUILAR-PARRA Jose M. ,   Universidad de Almería
Published: May 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es argumentar la capacidad del juego y la gamificación para crear experiencias educativas estimulantes a través de diseños lúdicos coherentes relacionados con las principales teorías motivacionales del comportamiento humano. Se profundiza en el uso de la gamificación como estrategia educativa. La gamificación se define como el uso de elementos de juego en contextos no lúdicos. Los principales beneficios reportados sobre la gamificación son un mayor compromiso, motivación, y una mejora en los resultados académicos.
Hinduism, Critics of Hinduism and Revival of Hinduism in India’s Body Politic: An Exploratory Examination
Authors: Hasan Rumy
Published: May 2022

Though nominally a secular state, under BJP rule, Hinduism in India has seen a greater prominence in politics and society than at any time in the post-independence era. As such, it is worthwhile examining how, in certain core aspects, Hinduism may affect the key variables of economic and social development. This is a neglected area that has largely been ignored by international institutions, especially by UN agencies and the World Bank. This exploratory paper provides some historical context and focuses particularly on the impact of caste on India’s body politic and development. It examines the arguments of those that suggest that Hinduism may have positive effects and those that suggest otherwise. It concludes by arguing that negative effects far outweigh any putative benefits.
Forest Fire Detection using Machine Learning with Raspberry PI
Authors: Gopinath S  , Hari K  , Prasanth A  , Raakhesh V  , Mohan J
Published: May 2022

Laptop Vision primarily based fireplace detection utilize image process has the potential to be helpful in conditions during which standard ways cannot be adopted. the fire detection rule uses visual characteristics of fires like brightness, colour, spectral texture, spectral flicker, and edge trembling to discriminate them from different visible stimuli. There are numerous varied fireplace detection techniques like infrared device, a thermal detector, smoke detector, flame detector, and optical smoke detector. These techniques aren't constantly reliable as they are doing not perpetually notice {the fireplace the fire |the fireplace} itself however notice one or additional phenomena ensuing from fire, like smoke, heat, infrared, UV radiation or gas, that might be created in different ways and hence, produces several false alarms. By the assistance of laptop vision and image process techniques, it's achievable to get higher results than standard systems as a result of pictures will offer additional reliable data.
Feedback Loops: Mapping Transformative Interactions in Education Innovation
Authors: Baker Anthony , Weisgrau Josh , Brister Philyaw Kristal
Published: May 2022

This report details the feedback loops initiative at Digital Promise in which we evaluated and mapped the way we generate insights and knowledge and the ways in which our partners contribute, perceive, and share in that process. In particular, we are interested in how we can create new processes we call feedback loops that can aid us in including our partners in more meaningful collaborations, developing solutions that are better targeted to the audiences they are intended for, and elevating the voices, needs, and excellence of the members of school communities. We believe there are cases where feedback loops will provide superior outcomes compared to traditional methods of feedback, and we detail in this report our conception of feedback loops, their components, and places within the Digital Promise ecosystem where they are currently in use, as well as provide guidance for others wishing to carry out this work.
Normative Role Orientations of Yugoslav Journalists
Authors: Poler Kovacic Melita
Published: May 2022

The goal of this study was to investigate normative role orientations of journalists in SFRY, as stated or implied in five Yugoslav journalism ethics codes. By applying the method of document analysis and the comparative historical method, we established the reasons for adopting the first code, analysed the codes’ conceptualisations of (the relation between) freedom and responsibility, and determined how the codes addressed truthfulness and professional norms. The normative foundations of journalism, as outlined in ethics codes, have been transforming over time and along changes in the socio-political-legal-economic environment. Media /journalistic freedom had only been permitted within the limits of the socialist orientation and contribution to the building and development of the self-managing society, at least until 1988, when values of Marxism and Leninism and defining a journalist as a socio-political worker were deleted. A journalist was obliged to follow his socialist conscience and was responsible to the working people, to the socialist public, but the codes in the 1980s stressed his responsibility to the public. While displaying several characteristics of the Soviet-totalitarian theory of the press, normative foundations also bear some resemblance to the social responsibility theory. Professional norms related to truthfulness, professional integrity, and respect for human personality and dignity have been evolving over time, gaining more space, elaboration and emphasis. The fact that some professional norms have been recognized by the journalistic community as sufficiently significant to be codified indicates that the foundations of the professionalization of Slovenian journalism were laid in the socialist Yugoslavia already.
Reflexiones críticas en torno al enfoque curricular humanista: una visión holística del ser
Authors: Díaz González Claudia Beatriz , Angarita Valencia Jennifer , Berrocal Hernández Álvaro Augusto
Published: May 2022

El objetivo de este documento es analizar diferentes concepciones teóricas sobre el enfoque curricular humanista, presentando una reflexión crítica del hombre como ser holístico y eje central del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, enfatizando en la importancia de revisar críticamente nuestro papel en la sociedad, las creencias y convicciones que hacen parte de la formación humanista. Desde esta perspectiva se aborda una metodología de tipo hermenéutica - interpretativa donde se busca interpretar cada una de las apreciaciones de autores reconocidos con el fin de incorporar nuevas perspectivas críticas al tema citado y promover su reflexión. Con esto se busca una explicación más profunda sobre el tema intentando cambiar nuestra perspectiva de enseñanza y lo que realmente debemos enseñar teniendo en cuenta ciertos criterios que ayudarán personal y profesionalmente. Finalmente, se puede decir que el enfoque curricular humanista desde este punto de vista ve al estudiante como esa persona capaz de responsabilizarse y controlar su propio aprendizaje, en pro de las nuevas estrategias que facilitan condiciones adversar globalizantes y auto-determinantes de todo el conocimiento y fuentes que se requieren para promover investigaciones innovadoras.
Modelos energéticos de edificios urbanos: una revisión sistemática de literatura
Authors: Tenorio Arizala Washington Hipólito
Published: May 2022

Los formuladores de políticas públicas y planificadores urbanos se enfrentan a problemas constantes al planificar e implementar escenarios sostenibles y energéticamente eficientes a gran escala para edificios. Los modelos energéticos de edificios urbanos pueden ayudar a mejorar el rendimiento energético de las ciudades. Con eso en mente, este trabajo muestra las tendencias actuales y características principales de la literatura de modelaje energético de edificios urbanos. Son encontradas evidencias de que se han ideado numerosos modelos de energía para múltiples aplicaciones y que el campo de investigación tiende al crecimiento y madures metodológica a partir de la implementación de los métodos ascendentes y descendentes basados en la física, datos y de orden reducido.
Spatial and temporal dynamics of suspended sediment concentrations in coastal waters of South China Sea, off Sarawak, Borneo: Ocean colour remote sensing observations and analysis
Authors: Choo Jenny , Cherukuru Nagur , Lehmann Eric , Paget Matt , Mujahid Aazani , Martin Patrick , Müller Moritz
Published: May 2022

Abstract. High-quality ocean colour observations are increasingly accessible to support various monitoring and research activities for water quality measurements. In this paper, we present a newly developed regional total suspended solids (TSS) empirical model using MODIS-Aqua’s Rrs(530) and Rrs(666) reflectance bands to investigate the spatial and temporal variation of TSS dynamics along the southwest coast of Sarawak, Borneo. The performance of this TSS retrieval model was evaluated using error metrics (bias = 1.0, MAE = 1.47, and RMSE = 0.22 in mg/L) with a log10 transformation prior to calculation, as well as a k-fold cross validation technique. The temporally averaged map of TSS distribution, using daily MODIS-Aqua satellite datasets from 2003 until 2019, revealed large TSS plumes detected particularly in the Lupar and Rajang coastal areas on a yearly basis. The average TSS concentration range of 15 – 20 mg/L was estimated at these coastal areas. Moreover, the spatial map of TSS coefficient of variation (CV) indicated strong TSS variability (approximately 90 %) in the Samunsam-Sematan coastal areas, which could potentially impact nearby coral reef habitats in this region. Our findings on temporal TSS variation provide further evidence that monsoonal patterns drive the TSS release in these tropical water systems, with distinct and widespread TSS plume variations observed between the northeast and southwest monsoon periods. Map of relative TSS distribution anomalies revealed strong spatial TSS variations in the Samunsam-Sematan coastal areas, while 2010 recorded a major increase (approximately 100 %) and widespread TSS distribution with respect to the long-term mean. Furthermore, our findings on the contribution of river discharge to the TSS distribution showed a weak correlation across time at both the Lupar and Rajang river mouth points. The variability of TSS distribution across coastal river points was studied by investigating the variation of TSS pixels at three transect points, stretching from the river mouth into territorial and open water zones, for eight main rivers. Our findings showed a progressively decreasing pattern of nearly 50 % in relation to the distance from shore, with exceptions in the northeast regions of the study area. Essentially, our findings demonstrate that the TSS levels at the southwest coast of Sarawak are within local water quality standards, promoting various marine and socio-economic activities. This study presents the first observation of TSS distributions at Sarawak coastal systems with the application of remote sensing technologies, to enhance coastal sediment management strategies for the sustainable use of coastal waters and their resources.
Drifting macrophyte detritus triggers ‘hidden’ benthic hypoxia
Authors: Attard Karl Michael , Lyssenko Anna , Rodil Iván Franco
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Macrophytes form highly productive habitats that export a substantial proportion of their primary production as particulate organic matter. As the detritus drifts with currents and accumulates in seafloor depressions, it constitutes organic enrichment and can deteriorate O2 conditions on the seafloor. In this study, we investigate the O2 dynamics and macrobenthic biodiversity associated with a shallow ⁓2300 m2 macrophyte detritus field in the northern Baltic Sea. The detritus, primarily Fucus vesiculosus fragments, had a biomass of ⁓1700 g dry weight m-2, approximately 1.5-fold larger than nearby intact F. vesiculosus canopies. A vertical array of O2 sensors placed within the detritus documented that hypoxia ([O2] < 63 µmol L-1) occurred for 23 % of the time and terminated at the onset of wave-driven hydrodynamic mixing. Measurements in five other habitats nearby spanning bare sediments, seagrass, and macroalgae indicate that hypoxic conditions were unique to detritus canopies. Fast-response O2 sensors placed above the detritus documented pulses of hypoxic waters originating from within the canopy. These pulses triggered a rapid short-term (⁓5 min) deterioration of O2 conditions within the water column. Eddy covariance measurements of O2 fluxes indicated that daily photosynthetic production offset up to 81 % of the respiratory demands of the detritus canopy, prolonging its persistence within the coastal zone. The detritus site had a low abundance of crustaceans, bivalves, and polychaetes when compared to other habitats nearby, likely because their low-O2 tolerance thresholds were often exceeded.
Precessional pacing of tropical ocean carbon export during the Late Cretaceous
Authors: Kim Ji-Eun , Westerhold Thomas , Alegret Laia , Drury Anna Joy , Röhl Ursula , Griffith Elizabeth M.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The marine biological carbon pump, which exports organic carbon out of the surface ocean, plays an essential role in sequestering carbon from the atmosphere, thus impacting climate and affecting marine ecosystems. Orbital variations in solar insolation modulate these processes, but their influence on the tropical Pacific during the Late Cretaceous is unknown. Here we present a high-resolution composite record of elemental barium from deep sea sediments as a proxy for organic carbon export out of the surface oceans (i.e., export production) from Shatsky Rise in the tropical Pacific. Variations in export production in the Pacific during the Maastrichtian, from 71.5 to 66 million years ago, were dominated by precession and less so by eccentricity modulation or obliquity, confirming that tropical surface-ocean carbon dynamics were influenced by seasonal insolation in the tropics during this greenhouse period. We suggest that precession paced primary production in the tropical Pacific and recycling in the euphotic zone by changing water column stratification, upwelling intensity, and continental nutrient fluxes. Benthic foraminiferal accumulation rates covaried with export production providing evidence for bentho-pelagic coupling of the marine biological carbon pump across these high-frequency changes in a cool greenhouse planet.
USER-GENERATED DATA IN CULTURAL MAPPING: ANALYZING GOOGLE POINT OF INTEREST REVIEWS IN DUBLIN
Authors: Rabiei-Dastjerdi H. , McArdle G. , Aghajani M. A.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. International migration is changing the social structure and cultural landscape of countries and big cities worldwide, especially in developed countries which are the target of job and asylum seekers. On the other hand, cultural diversity is becoming an important concept from different perspectives, such as boosting innovation and spatial segregation in urban planning and studies. Google point of interest (POI) data, as a commercial type of user-generated spatial data, is a secondary data source that can provide some information on the gender and nationality of reviewers, and this information can be used as a proxy indicator of cultural and background diversity. Yet, the potential application of the Google POI data has not been investigated in urban cultural and diversity measurement. In this study, we used artificial intelligence and text analytics methods through the NamSor API to identify the nationality and gender of Google POI reviewers in the Dublin Metropolitan Area. This study aims to highlight the potential application of spatial user-generated data in cultural mapping. The results are relatively consistent with official data in Ireland. Moreover, the results show that the number of male reviewers may be significantly higher than women reviewers, and this difference might be because of the gender digital divide. Finally, this paper discusses the potential challenges of using Google POI data and the implemented methodology and tools for cultural and diversity mapping and measurement. The proposed data and implemented methods in this study may have implications for other purposes in urban studies as well.
A GAMIFICATION APPROACH FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF PAID CROWD-BASED LABELLING OF GEOSPATIAL DATA
Authors: Walter V. , Kölle M. , Collmar D.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Non-commercial, unpaid crowdsourcing is the basis of many non-profit projects on the Internet such as Wikipedia or OpenStreetMap. A prerequisite for such projects to be successful is to find a sufficient number of volunteer crowdworkers who are intrinsically motivated to participate. In the field of geodata collection, many tasks exist that in principle could be solved with crowdsourcing; however, finding a large number of volunteers is problematic. There is also paid crowdsourcing in addition to crowdsourcing based on voluntary collaboration. The main incentive for participating in paid crowdsourcing projects is primarily payment for the work. Thus, intrinsic motivation is replaced by extrinsic motivation. However, intrinsic motivation simply replaced by extrinsic motivation can lead to a reduction in performance. If there are no additional intrinsic incentives in addition to monetary payment, it can happen that crowdworkers only perform exactly as much work as is necessary to satisfy the employers. Gamification may positively influence the motivation of paid crowdworkers. The goal of this paper is to investigate whether it is possible to increase the performance of paid crowdworkers with gamification. To this end, we have developed a web-based tool for the labelling of 3D triangle meshes. We presented this tool with and without game elements to paid crowdworkers and investigated to what extent gamification influenced the quality and quantity of the collected data.
VIRTUAL ELEMENT RETRIEVAL IN MIXED REALITY
Authors: Radanovic M. , Khoshelham K. , Fraser C.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The application of mixed reality visualisation in construction engineering requires accurate placement and retrieval of virtual models within the real world, which depends on the localisation accuracy. However, it is hard to understand what this means practically from localisation accuracy alone. For example, when we superimpose a Building Information Model (BIM) over the real building, it is unclear how well does a BIM element fit the real one and how small a BIM element are we able to retrieve. In this paper, we evaluate virtual element retrieval by designing an experiment where we attempt to retrieve a set of cubes of different sizes placed in both the real and the virtual world. Furthermore, inspired by existing camera localisation methods for indoor MR being almost exclusively image-based, we use a localisation approach based solely on 3D-3D model registration. The approach is based on the automated registration of a low-density mesh model of the surroundings created by the MR device to the existing point cloud of an indoor environment. We develop a prototype and perform experiments on real-world data which show high localisation accuracy, with average translation and rotation errors of 1.4 cm and 0.24°, respectively. Finally, we show that the success rate of virtual element retrieval is closely related to the localisation accuracy.
A NEW FRAMEWORK FOR ACCURACY ASSESSMENT OF LIDAR-DERIVED DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS
Authors: Liu X.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Existing approaches to accuracy assessment of LiDAR-derived DEM are typically based on statistical methodology and focus on vertical accuracy. This paper presents a new framework which calls for assessment of not only a DEM’s vertical accuracy, but also its ability to preserve a point’s elevation rank in the bare earth topographic surface. New methods to assess each aspect are presented. For DEM’s vertical accuracy, approximation theory from numerical analysis is used to quantify the total error at each DEM point as well as its three error components – sensor error, ground error, and interpolation error. For DEM’s elevation order which is critical to model terrain structure, the concept of isomorphism in set theory is drawn as the mathematical rationale and Kendall’s rank correlation efficient is used to quantify the accuracy. The new framework is illustrated using a DEM derived from LiDAR for sea-level rise vulnerability assessment of a tidal salt marsh. Compared to conventional methods based on statistics, the new framework and methods produce detailed mapping of error distribution thus enable the identification of the main sources of error and where improvement is needed most. Results call for re-evaluation of the current practice of assessing filtering accuracy in LiDAR data processing and further research on relative elevation and isomorphism.
AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH FOR UNVEILING AND ENHANCING THE FIRST WORLD WAR HERITAGE IN THE LANDSCAPE
Authors: Aldrighettoni J. , D’Urso M. G.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. More than one hundred years ago, the European landscape was profoundly transformed by multiple factors related to the Great War, which altered its territorial and environmental ecosystems, giving the landscape the value of a cultural asset with a civilizational value. After more than a century, the "signs of history" remain in the contemporary world at different levels of recognition, very often in a state of abandonment and at risk of loss. This contribution presents the elaboration of a non-invasive and "from remote" operative method, based on the analytical interpretation of historical cartography and historical aerial photographs to reconstruct the evolutionary dynamics of the landscape and recognize the areas where the impact of the conflict has been stronger. The georeferencing process of the sources in the QuantumGIS environment made it possible to elaborate interesting overlaps between cartographies and photographs belonging to different temporal frames. In this way, the dynamics of landscape transformation and land cover/use have been analyzed in relation to the destructive impact of the war to identify the areas in which it is more likely to find material remains of the vestiges, whose recognition becomes a prerequisite for the future practices of protection, transformation, and enhancement.
The sensitivity of satellite microwave observations to liquid water in the Antarctic snowpack
Authors: Picard Ghislain , Leduc-Leballeur Marion , Banwell Alison F. , Brucker Ludovic , Macelloni Giovanni
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Surface melting on the Antarctic Ice Sheet has been monitored by satellite microwave radiometery for over 40 years. Despite this long perspective, our understanding of the microwave emission from wet snow is still limited, preventing the full exploitation of these observations to study supraglacial hydrology. Using the Snow Microwave Radiative Transfer (SMRT) model, this study investigates the sensitivity of microwave brightness temperature to snow liquid water content at frequencies from 1.4 to 37 GHz. We first determine the snowpack properties for 8 selected coastal sites by retrieving profiles of density, grain size and ice layers from microwave observations when the snowpack is dry during winter time. Second, a series of brightness temperature simulations is run with added water. The results show that: i) a small amount of liquid water (≈0.5 kg m-2 can be detected, but the actual amount can not be retrieved in the full range of possible water contents, ii) the detection of a buried wet layer is possible up to a maximum 1 to 6 m depth depending on the frequency (6–37 GHz) and on the site, iii) surface ponds and water-saturated areas may prevent melt detection, but the current coverage of these water bodies in the large satellite field of view is presently too small in Antarctica to have noticeable effects, iv) at 1.4 GHz, while the simulations are less reliable, we found a weaker sensitivity to liquid water and the maximal depth of detection is relatively shallow (<10 m) compared to the typical radiation penetration depth in dry firn (≈1000 m) at this low frequency. These numerical results pave the way for the development of improved multi-frequency algorithms to detect melt intensity and depth in the Antarctic snowpack.
Decadal variability in extratropical Rossby wave packet amplitude, phase, and phase speed
Authors: Fragkoulidis Georgios
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The ongoing global, yet spatially inhomogeneous warming prompts the inspection of decadal variability in the extratropical upper-tropospheric circulation properties. This study provides observational evidence in this regard by utilizing reanalysis data to unveil past trends in the probability distribution of Rossby wave packet (RWP) amplitude (E), phase (Φ), and phase speed (cp) that may creep behind interannual variability. First, a comparison between the NE Pacific and N Atlantic regions indicates that the 300 hPa E probability distribution exhibits a seasonally- and regionally-varying decadal variability. No apparent discrepancy arises between different reanalysis datasets, except from the JJA season where the historical ones systematically underestimate E. Further exploiting the local in space and time character of the employed diagnostics in ERA5 reveals that, while many areas experience pronounced RWP property variations at interannual and/or decadal time scales, patterns of robust trends in the 1979–2019 period do emerge. Notably, the Northern Hemisphere E field exhibits positive trends in N Pacific, NE Atlantic, and S Asia in DJF, whereas negative trends are found in a substantial portion of the extratropics in JJA. In terms of cp, distinct patterns characterize MAM, with positive trends in parts of N Atlantic and most of Europe and negative trends to the north of these regions and parts of N Pacific. The Southern Hemisphere features a poleward shift in the band of climatologically-maximum E values in DJF, widespread positive E trends in MAM, and positive cp trends in large parts of the extratropics in DJF and MAM. Assessing the decadal variability of RWP phase reveals zonally-extended patterns of alternating trends in the trough-ridge occurrence ratio for MAM in the Northern Hemisphere and JJA in both hemispheres. Furthermore, no covariance is observed between area-averaged daily-mean E and cp at decadal time scales, as revealed by the E–cp bivariate distribution trends for the different regions and seasons. Finally, it is shown that many parts of N Pacific and N America experience a shift to increasing occurrence of large-amplitude and/or quasi-stationary RWPs in DJF during 1999–2019, thus reflecting the temporal variation in trends that characterizes areas and seasons that feature pronounced variability at interannual-to-decadal time scales.
A Special Issue For Challenging Circumstances
Authors: Cohn, PhD Ellen R.
Published: May 2022

This Editor's Note explains the circumstances of this Special Issue -- a research article received from the V.M. Glushkov institute of Cybernetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.  Information about the author team is also included.
Los ídolos antropomorfos en el arte rupestre del noroeste peninsular: una revisión crítica a partir de nuevas evidencias
Authors: Pereira-Martínez Xurxo , Méndez-Quintas Eduardo , Prieto Martínez M. Pilar
Published: May 2022

El arte rupestre del noroeste peninsular es una importante manifestación cultural prehistórica, que presenta como uno de sus mayores retos de investigación la indefinición cronológica. De esta generalizada situación se pueden excluir algunas representaciones de armas o ídolos, las cuales son escasas, pero encuentran correlato directo en el registro arqueológico. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es dar a conocer nuevas estaciones con figuras idoliformes en el noroeste peninsular. Los hallazgos presentados aquí son una nueva estación con un motivo tipo “Peña Tú”, dos estaciones con representaciones de Ídolos cilindro, y un posible ídolo placa. Estos nuevos grupos resultan de gran interés, ya que vienen a engrosar la nómina de este tipo de motivos (particularmente escasos) en el arte del noroeste y permite discutir ciertos aspectos sobre la cronología de ese ciclo artístico. La presencia de estas figuras es especialmente ilustrativa, pues reproduce un tipo de iconografía característica de otras regiones peninsulares, pero adaptadas a las técnicas y pautas de representación propias del Arte Rupestre Atlántico. Además, da cuenta de la extensa red de contactos, a lo largo de la península ibérica y Europa, dónde no solo se intercambian elementos materiales, sino también fluyen conceptos de tipo cultural.