bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Absorption Loss Modeling Tools for Terahertz Band Drone Communications
Authors: Sekeroglu Berkay , Erdem Mikail , Gurbuz Ozgur , Saeed Akhtar , Sendag Hayrettin Cagan , Kulaksizoglu Murat
Published: November 2024

This paper compares four terahertz (THz) band absorption loss modeling tools: International Telecommunication Union (ITU)-R P.676 model, Line-by-Line Radiative Transfer Model (LBLRTM), Atmospheric Model (am), and HITRAN on the Web (HotW). We evaluate the THz band drone communication tools under horizontal and vertical communication scenarios. We use the U.S. Standard 1976 and tropical weather profiles to generate path loss data across different altitudes, frequencies, and distances. We also employ a simple analytical model, fitting the data from the ITU, LBLRTM, and am tools to assess its accuracy in predicting path loss. Our results demonstrate high consistency among the tools, with path loss differences becoming more significant in vertical scenarios. This study provides the first comprehensive comparison of four widely used absorption loss modeling tools for THz band drone communications, considering various scenarios and weather conditions.
УМ И УМОПОСТИГАЕМОЕ КАК ПРЕДМЕТ НАУКИ О ДУШЕ У АРИСТОТЕЛЯ*
Authors: Н.П. Волкова
Published: November 2024

В статье анализируется аристотелевская концепция активного и пассивного умов, изложенная в третьей книге трактата Аристотеля О душе. Отмечено, что вопрос о взаимодействии этих умов и связь учения об активном уме с XII книгой Метафизики признаны историками философии (Росс, Рист) одними из наиболее противоречивых в философии Аристотеля. К рассматриваемой Аристотелем в О душе проблеме двух умов обращались Теофраст и комментаторы Аристотеля (такие как Александр Афродисийский, Филопон, Симпликий и др.). Эта проблема послужила отправной точкой для самостоятельных размышлений таких философов, как Аверроэс и Фома Аквинский. Автор ставит перед собой цель не только реконструировать по трактату Аристотеля О душе его учение о разумной части души как первой энтелехии, и обнаружить те основания, которые побудили греческого мыслителя говорить об активном и пассивном уме, но и выяснить, какой ум может быть предметом изучения науки о душе как части науки о природе, а какой не может.
ПРАКСАГОР И ЕГО ШКОЛА
Authors: Е.В. Афонасин , А.С. Афонасина
Published: November 2024

В работе переводятся и комментируются основные античные свидетельства о доктрине Косского врача Праксагора, жившего ок. 300 г. до н.э. Показано, что в определенном смысле доктрину Праксагора и его последователей можно считать связующим звеном между Аристотелем и александрийской анатомической школой. Праксагора интересовали как традиционные для Гиппократовской медицины практические аспекты медицинского ремесла (tekhne), так и философские спекуляции, с ними связанные. Особенно примечательны его достижения и ошибки в области анатомии и физиологии. Праксагор одним из первых провел различие между нервами, венами и артериями, однако, должно быть не без влияния аристотелевской школы, ошибочно считал, что артерии и нервы образуют единую систему. Источаясь, артерии превращаются в нервы, но все они выходят из сердца и несут пневму. Напротив, вены наполнены кровью и выходят из печени. Кроме того, он считал, что сердце — это центр умственной и душевной деятельности человека. Во многом новаторские диагностические, прогностические и терапевтические методы Праксагора широко использовались в последующей медицинской традиции, однако, нередко вызывали недоумение у позднейших медиков своим экспериментальным характером.
ПАДЕНИЕ СЕЯНА БЕНА ДЖОНСОНА И «ТАЦИТИЗМ» В АНГЛИИ КОНЦА XVI — НАЧАЛА XVII ВЕКА
Authors: О.В. Дмитриева
Published: November 2024

В работе исследуется пьеса Бена Джонсона Падение Сеяна, в которой нашли отражение многие тенденции в развитии английской и континентальной политической мысли рубежа XVI-XVII вв. Проанализировав характер и особенности издания данного текста, автор приходит к выводу о том, что Джонсон дает в нем негативную оценку идеям макиавеллизма и теории «государственного интереса», при этом выступая апологетом сильной власти и отвергая идею активного сопротивления ей. Идеалом правителя он видит монарха, приверженного идее общественного блага, а гарантией против тирании — культивирование индивидуальных добродетелей, тяготея к синтезу стоицизма, гражданского гуманизма и христианской морали.

The article explores the tragedy Sejanus, His Fall by Ben Jonson, which presented a reflection upon various trends in English and continental political thought in the late XVIth – early XVIIth cc. the author analyzed the character and the specific way of publication of the play; she concludes that Jonson offered a negative interpretation of the Machievelism and the theory of ‘reason of state’. At the same time, he was an apologist of a strong monarch and rejected resistance theories. Jonson’s ideal was a monarch faithful to the idea of common wealth, and cultivation of personal virtues was viewed by him as a guarantee against tyranny. Thus, his text presented a synthesis of stoicism, civic humanism and Christian ethics. Keywords: Ben Jonson, tacitism, neostoicism, political culture, ‘reason of state’.
ДУХОВНОЕ И ЗЕМНОЕ ОРУЖИЕ ВОИНОВ ХРИСТОВЫХ
Authors: Е.В. Калмыкова
Published: November 2024

Статья посвящена идее духовной войны и духовного оружия в средневековой религиозной литературе. Являясь частью человеческой жизни, войны порождали бесконечное число образов для простых и сложных метафор и аллегорий в текстах, формально никак не связанных с военной тематикой. Между тем, сама идея существования воинства Христова, некоторые члены которого все еще пребывают на земле, оказывается глубже простой метафоры. В центре внимания автора эволюция образа воина Христова от святого или мученика за веру до каждого христианина, не зависимо от сословия или пола. Включение в состав воинства Христова всех верующих принципиально изменило масштаб уготованной для них войны. Призывая избранных к оружию, авторы поздней Античности и раннего Средневековья предполагали ведение войны с Сатаной и его приспешниками, в то время как богословы и проповедники более позднего периода рассуждали об индивидуальной борьбе человека со своими пороками, грехами и искушениями.

This article examines the notion of spiritual war and spiritual weapons in medieval religious literature. As part of life, wars were a source of both simple and complex images for metaphors and allegories in texts that were formally unrelated to military affairs. At the same time, the idea of the soldiers of Christ, some of them acting in earthly life, turns out to be more than a simple metaphor. The focal point of the article is the evolution of the image of Christ’s soldier from a saint or a martyr into every Christian of any social status and gender. The inclusion of all believers into the ranks of the soldiers of Christ fundamentally changed the scale and nature of a Spiritual war they were supposed to wage. Calling the chosen to arms, late Antique and early medieval authors suggested a war against the Devil and his followers, while later theologians and preachers talked about individual struggle against vices, sins and temptations.
Comparative microscopic study of entropies and their production
Authors: Strasberg Philipp , Schindler Joseph
Published: November 2024

We study the time evolution of eleven microscopic entropy definitions (of Boltzmann-surface, Gibbs-volume, canonical, coarse-grained-observational, entanglement and diagonal type) and three microscopic temperature definitions (based on Boltzmann, Gibbs or canonical entropy). This is done for the archetypal nonequilibrium setup of two systems exchanging energy, modeled here with random matrix theory, based on numerical integration of the Schrödinger equation. We consider three types of pure initial states (local energy eigenstates, decorrelated and entangled microcanonical states) and three classes of systems: (A) two normal systems, (B) a normal and a negative temperature system and (C) a normal and a negative heat capacity system. We find: (1) All types of initial states give rise to the same macroscopic dynamics. (2) Entanglement and diagonal entropy sensitively depend on the microstate, in contrast to all other entropies. (3) For class B and C, Gibbs-volume entropies can violate the second law and the associated temperature becomes meaningless. (4) For class C, Boltzmann-surface entropies can violate the second law and the associated temperature becomes meaningless. (5) Canonical entropy has a tendency to remain almost constant. (6) For a Haar random initial state, entanglement or diagonal entropy behave similar or identical to coarse-grained-observational entropy.
Differences in Generation Y male and female customers’ perceived mobile banking trust, information, and system quality
Authors: van Deventer Marko
Published: November 2024

Trust is key to mobile banking adoption, shaping customer confidence in the service. Trusting behaviors and expectations vary between genders and across generational cohorts, influenced by factors like system and information quality. As such, the purpose of this study was to determine whether South African Generation Y male and female banking customers differ in their mobile banking trust, system, and information quality. In accordance with a descriptive research design, self-administered surveys were voluntarily distributed to 334 South African mobile banking participants. Using structural equation modeling, the study found that, among the male participants, the system quality of mobile banking predicts their mobile banking trust (β = 0.72, p < .001) and perceived information quality of the system (β = 0.94, p < .001). However, their mobile banking trust had an insignificant influence on their perceived information quality (β = –0.04, p > .001). For female Generation Y banking customers, mobile banking system quality was a significant predictor of both trust (β = 0.53, p < .001) and information quality (β = 0.69, p < .001). In addition, the path between trust and information quality was statistically significant (β = 0.17, p < .05). Determining the role of trust and its relationship between information and system quality of mobile banking among males and females is essential for understanding customer behavior, enhancing user experience, mitigating perceived risk, and guiding strategic decision-making in the mobile banking industry.
Examining determinants of loan default: An empirical analysis on credit factors in Thai savings and credit cooperatives
Authors: Sangwichitr Klangjai , Intara Panern
Published: November 2024

Savings and credit cooperatives (SACCOs) are crucial institutions in promoting financial accessibility. SACCOs provide financial loans to individuals who may not have access to traditional banking. SACCOs take their own risk to get loan defaults from the offerings because member loans are approved without checking the members’ credit background by SACCO committees. This study aims to investigate factors influencing loan defaults of savings and credit cooperatives in Thailand. Based on the savings and credits cooperative database in November 2023, the cooperative has emergency loans, regular loans, and special loans totaling 11,441 contracts. In this study, all loan contracts of this cooperative were used to analyze. The data were divided into two categories of debt classification, including (1) non-default status and (2) default status. The data were analyzed using logistics regression to select the highest accuracy model. Furthermore, the finding reveals that the highest accuracy model, at 99.78%, contains five variables, including interest rate, collateral value, remaining contract duration, outstanding debt, and installment amount. The savings and credit cooperatives institution should adjust the loan interest rates according to economic conditions. Moreover, closely monitoring members with high remaining debt would help the institution prevent loan defaults, and the institution should also create a conservative loan approval policy to reduce its loan default.
AcknowledgmentsThe research for the work featured in this article is funded by the Prince of Songkla Savings and Credit Cooperatives, Limited.
Exploring the Impact of Confirmation, Perceived Usefulness, and Perceived Risk on User Satisfaction and Continuance Intention of Paylater Users
Authors: Simbolon Freddy Pandapotan , Klesia Eunice
Published: November 2024

Financial service innovation is increasingly developing with the massive growth in the use of Information andCommunication Technology (ICT). Paylater is a digital financial service product that has recently developedrapidly. Even though many people view paylater negatively, its presence is well-received, especially by youngpeople. Paylater is a new trend in digital payment services, so there is still limited research that discusses thecontinuance intention of e-commerce users. The research aimed to determine the effect of confirmation, perceivedusefulness, satisfaction, and perceived risk on continuance intention. The research, using a questionnaire and aquantitative approach, involved a sample of 209 users of paylater in Jakarta, which was taken through purposivesampling. The research tested hypotheses using the Structure Equation Modelling (SEM) model with the PartialLeast Square (SEM-PLS). Research findings show that satisfaction and risk perception have a positive andsignificant effect on the intention to continue using paylater services. Confirmation and perceived usefulness arealso found to positively and significantly influence satisfaction. Therefore, paylater service providers should bemore innovative in providing attractive features. Then, paylater users need to improve their financial literacyto be wiser when using it. Last, service providers need a deep understanding to become leaders in providingpaylater services, so conducting studies related to continuance intention is essential.
The importance of mass balance in life cycle assessment of nature-based solutions for wastewater treatment: key learning points from a case study
Authors: Dufossé Karine , Forquet Nicolas , Molle Pascal , Pradel Marilys , Loiseau Eléonore
Published: November 2024

This study aims to perform a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) of nature-based solutions (NBS) for wastewater treatment (WWT), specifically focusing on a French vertical flow (VF) wetland. The LCA encompasses the construction phase, operational phase, and end-of-life management, with a particular emphasis on achieving a balanced mass flow for carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus across air, water, and soil compartments. The VF wetland is evaluated for its environmental impacts and compared to a conventional activated sludge system. The key findings reveal that the VF wetland achieves substantial reductions in resource use, yet requires significantly more land and exhibits higher impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and in categories sensitive to water emissions. The results underline the importance of complete mass balances in LCA of NBS to accurately identify environmental hotspots. Recommendations for methodological improvements and system boundary definitions are provided to enhance the definition of mass balance within NBS.
Antagonism of NativeTrichodermaspp. from the Peruvian Central Rainforest onPhytophthora capsiciand Effects on Capsicum annuum
Authors: Teves Anchivilca Percy Ivan , Felix Vasquez Yovana , Gonzales Borda Fiorella Fernanda , León Modeneci Gina Rubi , Honorio Quispe Karen Lizbeth , Llanos Melo Alejandro Kepler , Gonzales Miranda Maria del Carmen
Published: November 2024

The genus Trichoderma is primarily recognized for its role as a biocontrol agent against various plant pathogens. Among the actions exhibited by this genus is its activity against Phytophthora capsici (P.c.), the causal agent of crown rot, foliar blight, and fruit rot in pepper cultivation. This study evaluated the antagonistic activity of T. koningiopsis and T. lentiforme against P. capsici. These species, isolated from the Peruvian central rainforest, were previously identified through morphological and molecular methods. The research was conducted in two phases: 1) In the in vitro phase, the treatments included isolates of T. koningiopsis, T. lentiforme, and T. harzianum, each tested both individually and against P. capsici, along with a positive control (+P.c.); 2) For the in vivo phase a negative control (-P.c.) was included. The in vitro antagonism evaluation featured a dual plate confrontation assay between Trichoderma spp. and P. capsici on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium, wherein the percentage of radial growth inhibition (PRGI) and growth rate were assessed. In the greenhouse, bell pepper seedlings cv ‘Piquillo’ were inoculated with 20 mL of a Trichoderma spp. conidia suspension (108 spores/mL) at transplanting, 14, and 28 days after transplanting (dat).  P. capsici was inoculated at 28 dat near the base of the plant using three grains (0.27 g) of previously colonized wheat. The experiments followed a completely randomized design (CRD) with Tukey’s mean comparison test at a 0.05 significance level. The evaluated variables included plant height (cm), incidence (%), severity (%), fresh weight (g), and dry weight (g). The in vitro antagonism results showed that T. koningiopsis and T. lentiforme exhibited PRGI values of 38.08 % and 37.91 %, respectively, against P. capsici. In the greenhouse assay, the bell pepper plants co-inoculated with T. lentiforme and P. capsici exhibited higher values in plant height (21.11 cm), root length (11.02 cm), and fresh weight (1.4 g). Additionally, the degree of foliar and root severity in all treatments with Trichoderma spp. and P. capsici was lower (Grade 0 to Grade 2), unlike the treatment inoculated solely with the pathogen (Grade 3 to Grade 4). In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential of T. koningiopsis and T. lentiforme as biocontrol agents against P. capsici in pepper crops.
Produção de dados pela via dos espaços discursivos
Authors: Almeida Mariangela Lima de , Prederigo Allana Ladislau , Queiroz Rafael Carlos , Hernandez-Piloto Sumika Soares de Freitas , Vieira Islene da Silva , Santana Gustavo Falcão
Published: November 2024

Em busca de superar uma racionalidade reducionista instaurada por décadas na produção de conhecimentos na área da educação, propomos neste artigo, considerando a teoria do Agir Comunicativo, realizar uma discussão sobre os Espaços Discursivos. Estes vêm se configurando em uma proposta para produção de dados, de modo a considerar a intersubjetividade dos sujeitos e a autorreflexão como meios constituintes de saberes. Seus princípios estão alicerçados na ética do discurso desenvolvido por Habermas. A construção da metodologia em tela, tem-se dado pela via dos estudos desenvolvidos pela pesquisa-ação, que a partir de pesquisas desenvolvidas tece algumas considerações teórico-metodológicas e epistemológicas apresentadas nesse momento. Considerando este mesmo movimento, percebe-se que a produção de dados pela via dos Espaços Discursivos permite um diálogo ético e democrático com os envolvidos, na busca de consensos acerca das temáticas propostas, sendo a argumentação, neste contexto, a base para estruturação do conhecimento na área educativa.
Influencers e informações sobre saúde pelas redes sociais
Authors: Castro Marta Rocha de
Published: November 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo avaliar a exploração nas redes sociais digitais sobre o tema cuidados com a saúde através de uma revisão sistêmica nas bases de dados Portal Capes e PUBMED. Os descritores usados foram Redes sociais digitais e informação em saúde; influencers e informações e saúde.  Com esses descritores foram encontrados 74 resultados e foram subtraídos os artigos que não constavam no título as palavras redes sociais digitais e saúde, Instagram e saúde, influencers e saúde ou mídias sociais e saúde. Além de serem excluídos os artigos que não apresentavam resumo ou que não tinham acesso aberto e artigos que não trazem relevância para a pesquisa.  Na íntegra foram selecionados 9 artigos.  Através da análise dos artigos selecionados foi possível concluir que as redes sociais quando utilizadas por escolas, instituições de saúde e profissionais, com a finalidade de promover educação em saúde obteve respostas positivas, no entanto, principalmente durante e após a pandemia, muitas narrativas e relatos falsos foram postados em redes sociais, gerando impactos negativos sobre os serviços de saúde. As redes sociais têm potencial para serem ferramentas eficazes na educação em saúde, desde que se tenha um controle maior dos conteúdos postados, e que possa unir a linguagem acessível ao conhecimento científico para benefício da população.
A teoria normativa da modernidade na pespectiva habermasiana
Authors: Silva Vitor Gomes da , Silva Antonio Tancredo P. da
Published: November 2024

Em uma sociedade a instauração de conflitos de pretensões não é aprazível para os cidadãos, sendo necessário o uso de formas e instrumentos para que ele seja eliminado. Diante deste panorama conflituoso surge o Direito como mediador social, pois funciona como uma ferramenta de participação que tem a habilidade de promover a realização da cidadania, buscando instalar e restituir pactos sociais, tornando os sujeitos conscientes de seus direitos e deveres e mais solidários perante as desordens sociais experimentados por distintos sujeitos. Para Habermas (1997), o direito está situado em um conflito entre facticidade e validade, entre o que se encontra no nível factual e o no normativo. “O que é válido precisa estar em condições de comprovar-se contra as objeções apresentadas factualmente” (Habermas, 1997, p. 56). É uma relação conflituosa posicionada internamente e externamente ao próprio direito. O interesse de Habermas está ancorado no ponto de vista metódico, com o qual a sociologia do direito não pode prescindir de uma reconstrução das condições de validade do acordo de legalidade, pressuposto nos modernos sistemas de direito.  Para Habermas, a positivação do direito moderno e a diferenciação entre direito e moral não faz desaparecer a pretensão de legitimação do direito, ao passo que mesmo a positividade jurídica pós-metafísica necessita de princípios justificados racionalmente e, dessa maneira, universais. Na teoria social de Max Weber verificou a concretização do direito como um modo de moralização do ordenamento jurídico, com a caracterização da estrutura formal do direito e a sua indispensabilidade. Esse procedimento é chamado de juridificação, pois conjectura o aumento da normatização jurídica sobre a vida social. Em Kant, sua forma do “imperativo categórico” é instrumentada com características discursivas e consistirão no representante para do processo legislativo, que opera de modo normativo ao respaldar as leis jurídicas que tem a possibilidade de se tornarem uma aceitação universal e atua de forma disciplinadora às normas que se encontrem em conflito com os princípios do direito.
Bioinformatic Analysis and Molecular Docking to Elucidate the
Anticancer Effect of Silver Nanoparticles in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Martínez-Esquivias Fernando , Martínez-Perez Luz Andrea , Elena Iñiguez-Muñoz Laura , Méndez-Robles María Dolores , Guzman-Flores Juan Manuel
Published: November 2024

Background:

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the cancer with the highest mortality rate
worldwide. Currently, existing treatments are not very effective for this disease. Different science
areas have focused on developing new therapies, including nanomedicine. In-vitro studies have
reported the anticancer activity of silver nanoparticles, particularly those coated with
polyvinylpyrrolidone (AgNPs-PVP).

Aims:

Characterize the effect of AgNPs on the HepG2 by bioinformatics analysis.

Methods:

From a list of proteins, we performed in-silico analysis to predict protein-protein
interaction, hub gene, gene ontology, KEGG pathways, hub gene expression, protein expression,
survival, cell infiltration immune, and molecular docking of AgNPs-PVP to target proteins.
Cytoscape and UCSF Chimera software, DAVID, UALCAN, TISIDB, and HDOCK databases were
included in the predictive analysis.

Results:

Gene ontology and KEGG pathways showed that AgNP exposure causes cellular
organelles dysregulation and deregulation of protein production mechanisms.
Additionally, metabolic pathways were altered, including glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and amino
acid biosynthesis. Hub genes RPS15, RPLP0, EEF1B2, RPL12, and NACA showed differential
expression for gene expression, protein, and survival analysis. Furthermore, RPS15 and RPL12 were
positively correlated with CD8+ T cell infiltration, and RPLP0, EEF1B2, and NACA were
negatively correlated with NK cell infiltration. Finally, molecular docking showed that AgNPs-PVP
interacts highly with the target proteins.

Conclusion:

AgNPs cause alterations in cell viability. Furthermore, the deregulation of hub genes
and the modulation of the immune system are associated with anticancer effects, and molecular
docking demonstrated high interaction with the target proteins that should be studied
experimentally.
Investigating the Serum Level of Vitamin D and its Relationship with the Outcome of the Disease in Patients with COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Saeedi Amin , Morovatshoar Reza , Mohammadnahal Leila , Pooladvand Vahid , Raesi Rasoul , Hushmandi Kiavash , Daneshi Salman , Halvaee Pour Hadis
Published: November 2024

Background

Various studies have reported that the normal level of vitamin D is related to the improvement of the prognosis of patients. Therefore, the level of vitamin D should be checked in hospitalized patients and in cases of vitamin D deficiency.

Aim

This study was conducted to investigate the serum level of vitamin D and its relationship with the outcome of the disease in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study (descriptive-analytical) that examined 100 patients with COVID-19. After obtaining permission from Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, the desired data was collected using a researcher-made checklist. The data of the study was collected by the researcher visiting the inpatient wards of the COVID-19 patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS-v-22 software.

Results

The average age of the patients was 54.3 ± 24.7 years (age range 3 to 96 years), of which 53 were women and 47 were men. Only 53% of the examined patients were hospitalized, and the rest were included in the study as outpatients. The level of vitamin D in hospitalized people was significantly lower than in outpatients, the serum level of vitamin D in deceased people was lower than in other groups, and a significant relationship was found between age and vitamin D levels in people with COVID-19.

Conclusion

The results demonstrated that the frequency of vitamin D deficiency was higher in patients with COVID-19. There was a significant relationship between the average serum level of vitamin D and the severity of COVID-19 disease.
Germinación de semillas del árbol neotropical Bernoullia flammea (Malvaceae, Bombacoideae) y descripción de su plántula
Authors: Aguilar-Sandí Diego , Fernández Otárola Mauricio
Published: November 2024

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Bernoullia flammea es una especie de árbol nativa del Neotrópico para la que no se ha evaluado la capacidad germinativa de las semillas ni se ha descrito la morfología de las plántulas. Para suplir esa carencia de información, en este trabajo se evaluó la germinación de semillas en condiciones de iluminación con diferentes tiempos de almacenamiento y la germinación en oscuridad. Además, se describe la morfología macroscópica de la plántula.
Métodos: Los frutos se recolectaron en Costa Rica y se almacenaron a temperatura ambiente (ca. 24 ºC). La capacidad germinativa de las semillas se evaluó mediante dos experimentos: (i) efecto del tiempo de almacenamiento en la germinación y (ii) efecto de la ausencia de luz en la germinación. Las plántulas obtenidas se describieron con base en literatura especializada, desde que la radícula emergió y hasta los tres meses de edad.
Resultados clave: El porcentaje inicial de germinación fue mayor en semillas con ocho meses de almacenamiento que en semillas con dos meses, pero no hubo diferencias en el porcentaje final de germinación, tiempo medio de germinación ni en la tasa de germinación entre ambos grupos. Tampoco hubo diferencias en el porcentaje final de germinación de las semillas que germinaron en oscuridad con respecto a las que lo hicieron en condiciones de iluminación. La germinación es epigea y fanerocotilar. Las plántulas presentan cotiledones opuestos, cordados y fotosintéticos, eófilos alternos de morfología variable, estípulas deciduas y ausencia de indumento.
Conclusiones: Las semillas de B. flammea son quiescentes, mantienen la viabilidad al menos por ocho meses, no requieren de luz para germinar y las plántulas se pueden diferenciar de otras bombacoides con base en la morfología de los eófilos.
Zenélni, de másként. Zeneterápiás eszközök fejlesztő hatása a pedagógusjelöltek eredményes viselkedésére
Authors: Szabadi Magdolna Anna
Published: November 2024

„A zeneterápiát nem lehet önmagában vizsgálni, mert nem önálló eljárás, hanem egy módszer és eszközrendszer, amit beleillesztünk az alaptevékenységbe (klinikum, szociális gondozás, pedagógiai fejlesztés…). Elméleti háttere, eszközrendszere, módszertana mindig ahhoz a tevékenységhez igazodik, amiben a zeneterápiát alkalmazzuk. Ezért kísérletileg csakis olyan mérőeszközökkel és módszertannal mérhető és igazolható, amit az alaptevékenységben használnak.” (Szabadi, 2021, p. 55). A könyv a zeneterápia módszertanából kiindulva – a szocioemocionális fejlesztés, a kognitív idegtudomány és a zenepedagógia elméleti keretén keresztül – kíván gyakorlati ötleteket nyújtani pedagógusjelölteknek, végzett pedagógusoknak viselkedésük rugalmas alakításához. Továbbá egy fejlesztő program rövid példájával betekintést adunk egy kísérlet feltételeinek kidolgozásába, levezetésébe, és eredményei által a hatékonyság vizsgálatába. A sajátélményben megtapasztalható zeneterápiás gyakorlatok a szakmódszertani paletta bővítésén túl, segítik a pedagógust személyes és szakmai integritásának megőrzésében. A zeneterápia eszközei bárki számára elérhetőek, azaz megszólaltatásukhoz nem szükséges zenei szaktudás, használatuk élvezetes, és az idegi hálózatok szintjén is ugyanúgy kimutatható a hatásuk muzikális és nem muzikális egyéneknél egyaránt.
Popular assemblies as historical prototypes of parliamentarism
Authors: Tonkov E. E. , Khmelevskaya I. G.
Published: November 2024

Relevance. The emergence of parliamentary mechanisms in the European space is the result of a strong political and legal tradition. Before parliaments acquired the status of state structures, society developed special representative institutions - prototypes of parliamentarism, which are rightly considered popular assemblies. The analysis of their legal status and functionality is a promising scientific direction, as it allows us to generate regularities and factors of parliamentarism as a unique category.

 Purpose: generalization of retrospective experience of people’s assemblies in the context of their positioning as proto-parliamentary models.

 Objectives: to study the empirical basis for the functioning of popular assemblies in the format of ecclesia, commissions, tings and veche, to determine the «points of influence» of these structures on the fixation of parliamentary values in national legal orders.

Methodology. The methodology of the research is represented by a combination of general scientific, private scientific and special legal methods, among which the comparative legal method is of particular importance.

Results. The results of the study are of theoretical and applied nature and consist in a summarized view of the competence toolkit of popular assemblies operating in different historical periods on the territory of the European continent and their role in the subsequent establishment of parliamentary principles.

Conclusions. Popular assemblies in the format of ecclesia, commissions, tings and veche, accompanying the development of the state system of various countries and epochs, were peculiar stimuli for the formation of parliamentarism, which acquired a stable reputation as the social architecture became more complex and deliberative structures were introduced into the managerial conjuncture. The experience of people's assemblies largely predetermined the further emergence of parliaments as a natural result of the development of social relations.
Minor theft committed from oil, oil product and gas pipelines
Authors: Pleshakov A. M. , Tumanov A. S.
Published: November 2024

Relevance. The article deals with the issues of insignificance of the act, stipulated by item. "b" part 3 part 3 of article 158 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The grounds and conditions of the grounds and conditions of insignificance of thefts. On the basis of the study of judicial practice are outlined peculiarities of application of the provisions on insignificance to theft of hydrocarbon raw materials from the pipeline raw materials.

Purpose: to study the possibility and conditions of applying the provisions of part 2 of article 14 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation to the theft committed from an oil pipeline to theft committed from an oil pipeline, oil product pipeline and gas pipeline (item "b", part 3, article 158 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation).

Objectives: study and identification of conditions of application of insignificance of a deed to the theft from pipelines on the basis of analysis of modern judicial practice and provisions of doctrine of criminal law.

 Methodology. The methodological basis of the study was the general dialectical method of scientific cognition. of scientific cognition. The author used such private methods as: Formal-legal, sociological and method of legal modelling.

Results. The authors analyzed and summarized the conditions, distinguished in the theory of criminal law, under which a specific socially dangerous act can be recognized as insignificant and projected on theft committed from an oil pipeline, petroleum product pipeline, petroleum product pipeline. oil, oil product and gas pipelines, and studied the materials of materials of judicial and investigative practice on the termination of criminal cases on theft of raw materials from the thefts of raw materials from pipelines due to insignificance, the author's conditional criteria were singled out criteria under which the theft of oil, oil products or gas can be considered a low-value act. as an insignificant act.

Conclusion: the individual danger of a specific fact of theft from pipelines in some situations may not correspond to the level of criminal danger, which the legislator has laid down in the relevant act as a result of its criminalization. The conducted research allows us to determine the approximate mandatory and optional signs for recognizing theft from pipelines as insignificant.
Military censorship in Russia in 1914‒1918: structure, features of work, documentary legacy
Authors: Bogomolov I. K.
Published: November 2024

The relevance of the research topic is related to the continuing problems of control and access to information in the modern information society.

The purpose of the study is to provide a systematic understanding of military censorship in Russia in 1914-1918 in the context of the development of the late Imperial state mechanism.

 Objectives analysis of the structure, activities, and personnel of military censorship in Russia during the First World War; concentration of currently available information on documents of military censorship stored in various Russian and foreign archives.

Methodology. The historical and typological method was used to analyze the structure and functions of military censorship, and the historical and genetic method was used to study its development during the First World War. The study of the personnel, the peculiarities of the work of different areas of censorship was carried out using the historical and comparative method.

Results. The paper analyzes the legislative framework, structure and directions of military censorship in Russia during the First World War. It is shown that military censorship was a complex, multi-level structure that had no unity of command and included representatives of different, sometimes conflicting departments. These features led to the «scattering» of the documentary heritage of the military censorship authorities in numerous collections of Russian and foreign archives.

Conclusions. The complexity of the structure of military censorship created numerous difficulties in the practice of censorship control. The chronic disadvantages of Russian censorship during the First world war years were contradictory decisions, inconsistency and insufficient elaboration of the regulatory framework, which often led to the use of military censorship for purely political purposes (for example, to censor speeches by opposition Duma deputies). The problems of military censorship were aggravated by a chronic shortage of funding, shortage and high turn-over of personnel. As a result, instead of becoming an effective tool in the hands of the government, military censor-ship became one of the factors of the political crisis in Russia on the eve of the Russian revolution.
Participation of citizens in the court consideration of criminal cases against minors
Authors: Markovicheva E. V. , Kogut A. A.
Published: November 2024

Relevance. Citizen participation in the administration of justice increases the openness of legal proceedings and the level of citizen confidence in the judicial system. At the same time, the right of the accused to have their criminal case examined by a court with the participation of representatives of the people is ensured. However, the involvement of non-professional judges in considering criminal cases is always associated with several organizational and procedural problems. To prevent and solve such problems in the criminal process of individual states, restrictions may be introduced on the jurisdiction of criminal cases in courts with the participation of representatives of the people, and specific considerations of certain categories of cases may be provided for. Such specific criminal cases include criminal cases against minors. There is an ongoing debate among Russian scientists and practitioners regarding the possibility of a juvenile defendant exercising the right to have their criminal case heard by a court with the participation of a jury.

Purpose: disclosure of historical and modern approaches to the participation of citizens as lay judges in criminal cases involving minors.

Objective: to reveal historical and modern approaches to the participation of representatives of the people in the consideration of criminal cases; to identify the possibilities and features of consideration of criminal cases against minors by the court with the participation of citizens; justify the feasibility of forming in the Russian criminal process a special system for considering criminal cases with the participation of representatives of the people.

Methodology. In the process of working on the study, comparative-legal, formal-legal methods, and general scientific methods of cognition (analysis, synthesis, analogy) were used.

Results. There are proposals formulated to adjust doctrinal and normative approaches to the consideration of criminal cases against minors with the participation of lay judges.

Conclusion. The existing model of criminal proceedings with the participation of a jury does not consider the specifics of criminal cases against minors. However, expanding opportunities for citizens to participate in the consideration of this particular category of criminal cases is socially significant. A constructive discussion is required regarding the development of a model for considering criminal cases against minors with the involvement of lay judges.
Completeness of Telehealth Interventions Reporting in Randomized Controlled Trials for Caregivers of People With Dementia: Systematic Review
Authors: Zhu Ling , Xing Yurong , Xu Wenhui , Jia Hongfei , Wang Xiaoxiao , Liu Shiqing , Ding Yaping
Published: November 2024

Background

Telehealth interventions can effectively support caregivers of people with dementia by providing care and improving their health outcomes. However, to successfully translate research into clinical practice, the content and details of the interventions must be sufficiently reported in published papers.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the completeness of a telehealth intervention reporting in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted for caregivers of people with dementia.

Methods

A systematic search of relevant papers was conducted on July 26, 2023, in 9 electronic databases. RCTs of telehealth interventions for caregivers of people with dementia were included. Two independent researchers extracted the descriptive information and assessed the methodological quality (Cochrane risk of bias tool) and the completeness of reporting of the intervention by using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR)-Telehealth checklist, which consists of 12 items.

Results

Thirty-eight eligible RCTs were included finally, and the overall quality of the studies was assessed as moderate. None of the studies completely reported all the TIDieR-Telehealth items. The most frequently reported items were the brief trial name (35/38, 92%), rationale (38/38, 100%), materials and procedures (35/38, 92%), and the modes of delivery (34/38, 90%). The least reported items were the type of location (0/38, 0%), modifications (4/38, 11%), and assessment and improvement of fidelity (9/38, 24%).

Conclusions

Many details of the telehealth interventions in RCTs are reported incompletely. Greater adherence to the TIDieR-Telehealth checklist is essential for improving the reporting quality and for facilitating replicability, which has substantial implications for translation into clinical practice.
Identification of Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors Based on Facial Photos: Exploratory Study on the Use of Deep Learning for Software Development
Authors: Li Yanong , He Yixuan , Liu Yawei , Wang Bingchen , Li Bo , Qiu Xiaoguang
Published: November 2024

Background

Primary intracranial germ cell tumors (iGCTs) are highly malignant brain tumors that predominantly occur in children and adolescents, with an incidence rate ranking third among primary brain tumors in East Asia (8%-15%). Due to their insidious onset and impact on critical functional areas of the brain, these tumors often result in irreversible abnormalities in growth and development, as well as cognitive and motor impairments in affected children. Therefore, early diagnosis through advanced screening techniques is vital for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the application of facial recognition technology in the early detection of iGCTs in children and adolescents. Early diagnosis through advanced screening techniques is vital for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

Methods

A multicenter, phased approach was adopted for the development and validation of a deep learning model, GVisageNet, dedicated to the screening of midline brain tumors from normal controls (NCs) and iGCTs from other midline brain tumors. The study comprised the collection and division of datasets into training (n=847, iGCTs=358, NCs=300, other midline brain tumors=189) and testing (n=212, iGCTs=79, NCs=70, other midline brain tumors=63), with an additional independent validation dataset (n=336, iGCTs=130, NCs=100, other midline brain tumors=106) sourced from 4 medical institutions. A regression model using clinically relevant, statistically significant data was developed and combined with GVisageNet outputs to create a hybrid model. This integration sought to assess the incremental value of clinical data. The model’s predictive mechanisms were explored through correlation analyses with endocrine indicators and stratified evaluations based on the degree of hypothalamic-pituitary-target axis damage. Performance metrics included area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.

Results

On the independent validation dataset, GVisageNet achieved an AUC of 0.938 (P<.01) in distinguishing midline brain tumors from NCs. Further, GVisageNet demonstrated significant diagnostic capability in distinguishing iGCTs from the other midline brain tumors, achieving an AUC of 0.739, which is superior to the regression model alone (AUC=0.632, P<.001) but less than the hybrid model (AUC=0.789, P=.04). Significant correlations were found between the GVisageNet’s outputs and 7 endocrine indicators. Performance varied with hypothalamic-pituitary-target axis damage, indicating a further understanding of the working mechanism of GVisageNet.

Conclusions

GVisageNet, capable of high accuracy both independently and with clinical data, shows substantial potential for early iGCTs detection, highlighting the importance of combining deep learning with clinical insights for personalized health care.
Challenges and Strategies Adopted for Remote Teaching of Biochemistry During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Iembo Tatiane , Cristóvão Helena Landim Gonçalves , Santos Emerson Roberto dos , Cristóvão André Bavaresco Gonçalves , Cristóvão Nathália Bavaresco Gonçalves , Martins Cíntia Canato , Castro Natália Almeida de Arnaldo Silva Rodrigues , Facio Júnior Fernando Nestor , Oliani Antônio Hélio , Lima Alba Regina de Abreu , Brienze Vânia Maria Sabadoto , Souza Doroteia Rossi Silva , André Júlio César
Published: November 2024

Background

In March 2020, the global landscape witnessed widespread upheavals in both socioeconomic and educational spheres due to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. With measures imposed to control the virus’s spread, educational institutions around the world embraced digital learning, introducing challenges in the adaptation to virtual education. This shift proved especially daunting in resource-limited nations with limited digital infrastructure.

Objective

This scoping review aims to explore the experiences of biochemistry educators during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on successful pedagogical strategies used to overcome challenges in remote teaching. The goal is to compile valuable information applicable to health-related undergraduate and postgraduate courses.

Methods

This review considers studies and experiences related to the transition to remote biochemistry education during the pandemic. It encompasses a variety of pedagogical approaches, including online teaching tools, interactive methods, and alternatives to practical laboratory classes. The search spans databases such as MEDLINE, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Evidence Synthesis, with a focus on identifying systematic or scoping reviews; however, none were identified in the preliminary search.

Results

Starting in February 2022, the scoping review protocol was scheduled for completion by July 2024. From an initial pool of 1171 results, 85 articles were selected, with duplicate verification pending for the subsequent phase of the project. The findings from this review on biochemistry teaching strategies will be communicated using a combination of descriptive narrative, graphical, and tabular formats, emphasizing diverse pedagogical approaches pertinent to the subject. Dissemination will occur through regional and national scientific conference presentations, alongside publication in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusions

This review aims to generate innovative pedagogical approaches and pinpoint learning activities, materials, and tools that support social and collaborative learning across various subjects, including biochemistry. Moreover, it will offer perspectives from students and educators on the implemented activities, with the intention of integrating them as supplementary methods to boost student participation, and thereby, improve learning outcomes and skill development.

Trial Registration

Open Science Framework VZSA7; https://osf.io/VZSA7/

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/59552