bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sickness absence, medical and workplace conditions during pregnancy in a cohort of healthcare workers
Authors: Villar Vinuesa Rocío , Serra Consol , Serra Laura , Benavides Fernando G.
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre trayectorias de ausencia por enfermedad (SA) según diagnóstico y exposición a factores de riesgo laborales durante el embarazo.

Métodos: Estudio de cohortes (367 trabajadoras sanitarias embarazadas). Se identificaron trayectorias de ausencia por enfermedad según los diagnósticos más frecuentes mediante análisis de secuencias (2010-2014). La trayectoria 1 incluía SA principalmente por trastornos musculoesqueléticos (58,86%), la 2 por trastornos relacionados con el embarazo (25,07%) y la 3 incluía ausencias por la prestación por riesgo durante el embarazo (POR) y pocas SA (16,08%). La exposición a factores de riesgo laborales fue evaluada por expertos y se analizó la asociación con las trayectorias mediante regresión logística. Los riesgos relativos (RR) y sus intervalos de confianza (IC95%) se ajustaron por edad, contrato y turno.

Resultados: La trayectoria 1 se asoció negativamente con la exposición a riesgos de seguridad y ergonómicos (RR=0,56, IC95%=0,35-0,90; RR=0,50, IC95%=0,33-0,77) y con índice de riesgo global más bajo (RR=0,68, IC95%=0,49-0,96). La tercera se asoció a riesgos de seguridad y ergonómicos (RR=2,75, IC 95 %=1,59-4,75; RR=3,64, IC 95 %=2,18-6,06) y con el riesgo más alto (RR=2,69, 95 % IC=1,43-5,01). El personal de enfermería tuvo mayor probabilidad de pertenecer a la trayectoria 3 (RR 5,58, IC95%=2,09-14,95 y RR 5,00, IC95% 2,18-6,06).

Conclusiones: Los trastornos musculoesqueléticos y por trastornos relacionados con el embarazo son los grupos diagnósticos de SA más frecuentes. Bajos niveles de exposición a riesgos laborales se relacionaron con ausencias cubiertas principalmente por SA. Las prestaciones sociales parecen utilizarse complementariamente para equilibrar el trabajo y la salud.
Trialling a volunteer workforce to provide psychosocial care to hospital inpatients: a plan-do-study-act project
Authors: McKeown Debi , Byrnes Kate
Published: April 2022

Introducing a novel volunteer workforce to assist patients in hospital who require 1:1 support has potential benefits, such as reducing expenditure on additional clinical staff and ensuring that patients receive holistic care. This study aimed to determine whether a volunteer workforce could effectively provide psychosocial support to hospital patients and relieve pressure on staff. A plan-do-study-act approach was used to introduce a team of volunteers to an NHS hospital and assess the impact. The volunteers were trained to provide psychosocial support to patients requiring level two and above enhanced observations across 19 acute medicine wards. A new approval system was also introduced to review requests for bank staff. A 14-week audit was conducted to assess the impact of the intervention on expenditure and required patient observation levels. The results showed that introducing a voluntary workforce led to savings of £705 000 in 1 year from reduced reliance on bank staff. The number of patients requiring level three observation and the frequency of falls also declined. This study indicates that implementing a volunteer workforce is an effective and feasible approach to providing psychosocial care to patients, relieving pressure on the NHS workforce and reducing expenditure on bank staff.
Socioeconomic variations in rates of hospitalisation and mortality from COVID-19 in England
Authors: Gharaibeh Sara Abdul-Karim Qasim , Zarei Mohammad Hossein
Published: April 2022

Background/Aims

As well as age and presence of comorbidities, research has suggested that socioeconomic factors, such as income and ethnicity, may affect an individual's risk of severe COVID-19. This study looked at the geographical variations in rates of hospitalisation and death from COVID-19, exploring whether socioeconomic factors were linked to these variations.

Methods

A cross-sectional retrospective quantitative study was conducted using data regarding the number of cases of COVID-19 cases during the first wave of the pandemic in England (March–July 2020). A total of 242 624 confirmed cases of COVID-19 from across England were analysed. The extent to which predisposing factors, such as population density, age and comorbities, affected morbidity and mortality rates in the different regions was calculated. The impact of socioeconomic factors, such as employment status and ethnicity, were also analysed.

Results

There was a significant association between long unemployment and likelihood of death from COVID-19. Areas with higher proportions of individuals from Black, Asian and ethnic minority backgrounds were also more likely to have higher rates of hospitalisations and deaths from COVID-19. Overall, London was the region with the highest standardised rates of hospitalisation (67.73%) and mortality (20%).

Conclusions

Socioeconomic factors have contributed to the geographical variations in COVID-19 mortality across different areas of England. This implies that these factors should be taken into account when planning healthcare and public health strategies.
Preparing Mainstream Teacher Candidates to Work with English Language Learners: Dissonance and Care Developing Agency
Authors: Kim Hyunjin Jinna , Lee Yong-Jik , de-Jong Ester Johanna
Published: April 2022

The increase of English language learners (ELLs) in the United States of America (USA) public school classrooms and the diversification of the global education landscape urges initial teacher preparation programs to equip mainstream teachers with appropriate skills, knowledge, and dispositions to teach ELLs. This paper reports findings from a focus group study on elementary teacher candidates' (TCs') field experiences with ELLs. Based on interviews with four groups of TCs who completed their two practicums with ELLs, the study illustrates how mainstream TCs perceive their field experiences as future teachers of ELLs. The findings suggest that TCs recognize dissonances and develop care toward ELLs through their engagements in ELL-specific field experiences. The study also demonstrates how the recognition of dissonances led to changes in TCs' beliefs and values, which was observed through their imagination. Informed by their field experiences with ELLs, TCs began forming professional agency as future teachers by imagining specific teaching strategies, methods, and approaches they would like to implement with ELLs. Implications and future directions of teacher education programs are also discussed.
Performance analysis of decoy state quantum key distribution over underwater turbulence channels
Authors: Raouf Amir Hossein Fahim , Safari Majid , Uysal Murat
Published: April 2022

Decoy state quantum key distribution protocols have been studied for atmospheric, fiber, and satellite links; however, those results are not directly applicable to underwater environments with different channel characteristics. In this paper, we investigate the fundamental performance limits of decoy state BB84 protocol over turbulent underwater channels and provide a comprehensive performance characterization. We adopt a near field analysis to determine the average power transfer over a turbulent underwater path and use this to obtain a lower bound on the secret key rate. We quantify the performance of decoy BB84 protocol in different water types assuming various turbulence conditions. We further investigate the effect of system parameters such as transmit aperture size and detector field of view on the performance.
Reduction of retrace error from broadband variable transmission spheres in Fizeau interferometry
Authors: Koerber Jonathan , Boreman Glenn D. , Suleski Thomas J.
Published: April 2022

We have previously presented broadband variable transmission sphere (BVTS) systems based on the Alvarez lens for use in Fizeau interferometry. A BVTS system may replace multiple conventional transmission spheres with one system composed of two plano-freeform optical elements. In this paper, we discuss retrace error as a source of aberrations in Fizeau interferometry measurements when using BVTS systems. We explore a design optimization method to decrease retrace error by optimizing freeform surfaces to reduce targeted Fringe Zernike wavefront aberrations. Significant reduction in peak-to-valley retrace error is demonstrated.
Two-year death prediction models among patients with Chagas Disease using machine learning-based methods
Authors: Ferreira Ariela Mota , Santos Laércio Ives , Sabino Ester Cerdeira , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz Pinho , Oliveira-da Silva Léa Campos de , Damasceno Renata Fiúza , D’Angelo Marcos Flávio Silveira Vasconcelos , Nunes Maria do Carmo Pereira , Haikal Desirée Sant´Ana
Published: April 2022

Chagas disease (CD) is recognized by the World Health Organization as one of the thirteen most neglected tropical diseases. More than 80% of people affected by CD will not have access to diagnosis and continued treatment, which partly supports the high morbidity and mortality rate. Machine Learning (ML) can identify patterns in data that can be used to increase our understanding of a specific problem or make predictions about the future. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate different models of ML to predict death in two years of patients with CD. ML models were developed using different techniques and configurations. The techniques used were: Random Forests, Adaptive Boosting, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, and Artificial Neural Networks. The adopted settings considered only interview variables, only complementary exam variables, and finally, both mixed. Data from a cohort study with CD patients called SaMi-Trop were analyzed. The predictor variables came from the baseline; and the outcome, which was death, came from the first follow-up. All models were evaluated in terms of Sensitivity, Specificity and G-mean. Among the 1694 individuals with CD considered, 134 (7.9%) died within two years of follow-up. Using only the predictor variables from the interview, the different techniques achieved a maximum G-mean of 0.64 in predicting death. Using only the variables from complementary exams, the G-mean was up to 0.77. In this configuration, the protagonism of NT-proBNP was evident, where it was possible to observe that an ML model using only this single variable reached G-mean of 0.76. The configuration that mixed interview variables and complementary exams achieved G-mean of 0.75. ML can be used as a useful tool with the potential to contribute to the management of patients with CD, by identifying patients with the highest probability of death.

Trial Registration: This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, Trial ID: NCT02646943.
Performance of COVID-19 case-based surveillance system in FCT, Nigeria, March 2020 –January 2021
Authors: Umeozuru Chikodi Modesta , Usman Aishat Bukola , Olorukooba Abdulhakeem Abayomi , Abdullahi Idris Nasir , John Doris Japhet , Lawal Lukman Ademola , Uwazie Charles Chukwudi , Balogun Muhammad Shakir
Published: April 2022

Introduction

The emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 has caused a pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) which has spread exponentially worldwide. A robust surveillance system is essential for correct estimation of the disease burden and containment of the pandemic. We evaluated the performance of COVID-19 case-based surveillance system in FCT, Nigeria and assessed its key attributes.

Methods

We used a cross-sectional study design, comprising a survey, key informant interview, record review and secondary data analysis. A self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was administered to key stakeholders to assess the attributes and process of operation of the surveillance system using CDC’s Updated Guidelines for Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance System 2001. Data collected alongside surveillance data from March 2020 to January 2021 were analyzed and summarized using descriptive statistics.

Results

Out of 69,338 suspected cases, 12,595 tested positive with RT-PCR with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 18%. Healthcare workers were identified as high-risk group with a prevalence of 23.5%. About 82% respondents perceived the system to be simple, 85.5% posited that the system was flexible and easily accommodates changes, 71.4% reported that the system was acceptable and expressed willingness to continue participation. Representativeness of the system was 93%, stability 40%, data quality 56.2% and timeliness 45.5%, estimated result turnaround time (TAT) was suboptimal.

Conclusion

The system was found to be useful, simple, flexible, sensitive, acceptable, with good representativeness but the stability, data quality and timeliness was poor. The system meets initial surveillance objectives but rapid expansion of sample collection and testing sites, improvement of TAT, sustainable funding, improvement of electronic database, continuous provision of logistics, supplies and additional trainings are needed to address identified weaknesses, optimize the system performance and meet increasing need of case detection in the wake of rapidly spreading pandemic. More risk-group persons should be tested to improve surveillance effectiveness.
Food security status of patients with type 2 diabetes and their adherence to dietary counselling from selected hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tezera Robel , Sahile Zekariyas , Yilma Delelegn , Misganaw Equilnet , Amare Endale , Haidar Jemal
Published: April 2022

Background

Even though adherence to dietary counselling for patients with diabetes is essential for improving health and preventing complications, access to an adequate and quality diet is challenging for patients living in a food-insecure household. The availability of data in this regard is limited in Ethiopia. Thus, this study assessed the food security status of patients with type 2 diabetes, their adherence to dietary counselling, and contributing factors at public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods

This was a facility-based cross-sectional study among 602 patients with Type 2 diabetes in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from July to August 2019. Patients were selected randomly after the total number of samples was proportionally allocated to four public hospitals. Relevant information was collected by trained data collectors using a pre-tested questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 24 for data analysis. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with adherence to dietary counselling.

Result

The proportion of nonadherence to dietary counselling among patients with type 2 diabetes was 67.3% (95%CI: 63.5%-71.1%). Nearly half (50.7%) of the respondents were food insecure. Of these, mildly food insecure, moderately food insecure, and severely food insecure were 8.5%, 29.2%, and 13%, respectively. Physical activity (AOR = 1.7; 95%CI: 1.1–2.9); diabetes knowledge (AOR = 1.8; 95%CI: 1.2–2.6); lack of access to information (AOR = 1.6; 95%CI: 1.1–2.6); moderately food insecure (AOR = 2.2; 95%CI: 1.3–3.7); and severely food insecure (AOR = 5.6; 95%CI: 2.1–15.0) were the major significant factors associated with nonadherence to dietary counselling.

Conclusion

Over two-thirds of patients with diabetes did not adhere to dietary counselling, which appears high. As a result, improving diabetes education, information access, and food security status should be considered to ensure dietary counselling adherence among type 2 diabetes patients.
Clustering of health behaviors among Japanese adults and their association with socio-demographics and happiness
Authors: Satoh Miho
Published: April 2022

Background

Scholars have associated happiness with health behaviors, which co-occur and exert synergistic effects. Therefore, identifying clusters of health behaviors and their effect on happiness can contribute to the development of strategies for promoting happiness and improving health behaviors.

Aim

This study aimed to examine clusters of health behaviors and their associations with socio-demographics and with happiness among Japanese adults.

Methods

This study used data from the Japanese Household Panel Survey and the Keio Household Panel Survey. Questionnaires were distributed to 4,993 households out of which 1,554 responses were analyzed (participants aged 27−65 years). The survey included health behaviors (alcohol consumption, smoking, vegetable and fruit consumption, breakfast-eating habits, and physical activities), happiness, and socio-demographics. Latent class analysis was conducted to identify the clusters, whereas latent regression was employed to investigate socio-demographics related to the clusters. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relation between happiness and the clusters.

Results

Two health behavior clusters were identified: Cluster 1 (low substance use and good dietary habit; n = 817; 52.3%) and Cluster 2 (high alcohol, poor nutrition, and inactive; n = 737; 47.7%). Latent regression analysis indicated that all socio-demographics, barring socioeconomic status, were significantly associated with the clusters. The “low substance use and good dietary habit” cluster was significantly related with higher odds of happiness (odds ratio = 1.425, 95% confidence interval = 1.146−1.772, p = 0.001).

Conclusions

This study identified health behavior clusters among Japanese adults and established the association between the “low substance use and good dietary habit” cluster and high levels of happiness. However, the causality of the relationship between health behavior and happiness remains unclear, which highlights the need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Relationships among instructor autonomy support, and university students’ learning approaches, perceived professional competence, and life satisfaction
Authors: Hernández Elisa Huéscar , Lozano-Jiménez José Eduardo , de Roba Noguera Jose Miguel , Moreno-Murcia Juan Antonio
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine relationships among instructor autonomy support for student learning, and students’ motivational characteristics, learning approaches, perceptions of career competence and life satisfaction. Participated 1048 students from Spanish universities with ages between 18, and 57 years. A Structural equation modeling revealed a relationship between instructor autonomy support for student learning with students’ basic psychological need satisfaction. As a result, students’ basic need satisfaction was related to their intrinsic motivation, and to a deeper learning approach. These educational outcomes contributed to explain students’perceived professional competence, and life satisfaction. These findings highlight the importance of student choice, and decision-making in the learning process as a means to facilitating deeper learning, stronger feelings of professional competence, and enhanced well-being.
Increasing Fusobacterium infections with Fusobacterium varium, an emerging pathogen
Authors: Lee Se Ju , Baek Yae Jee , Kim Jin Nam , Lee Ki Hyun , Lee Eun Hwa , Yeom Joon Sup , Choi Jun Yong , Ku Nam Su , Ahn Jin Young , Kim Jung Ho , Jeong Su Jin
Published: April 2022

Infections caused by Fusobacterium species are rare; however serious infections with complications or mortality may occur occasionally. We conducted a retrospective study to investigate the clinical features of patients with Fusobacterium infections and the differences between infections caused by the species F. necrophorum, F. nucleatum, and F. varium. Additionally, we attempted to identify risk factors for Fusobacterium-associated mortality. This study included all patients at a large tertiary care teaching hospital in South Korea with Fusobacterium infections from January 2006 to April 2021. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and outcome data were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the risk factors for in-hospital mortality associated with F. nucleatum and F. varium infections. We identified 272 patients with Fusobacterium infections during the study period. The number of Fusobacterium cases has increased recently, with F. varium infections markedly increasing since 2016 and causing a significant proportion of infections. Patients with F. varium infections were older and had a higher proportion of nosocomial infections than the other groups. The F. nucleatum and F. varium groups showed higher in-hospital mortality than the F. necrophorum group. Through logistic regression analysis, APACHE II score and serum albumin level were considered risk factors for in-hospital mortality. APACHE II score was positively correlated with age, red cell distribution width, and serum blood urea nitrogen, and negatively correlated with serum albumin level. Infections caused by Fusobacterium species are increasing. F. varium causes a significant proportion of severe infections.
Is it really organic? Credibility factors of organic food–A systematic review and bibliometric analysis
Authors: Nagy László Bendegúz , Lakner Zoltán , Temesi Ágoston
Published: April 2022

Consumer trust and organic food product credibility play a crucial role in understanding consumer behavior. The aim of this review is to identify extrinsic factors which influence consumers’ perceived trust in organic food. The research was conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines. During our search, 429 articles were found, from which 55 studies were selected for further analysis. To assess the connection between the selected articles, a bibliometric analysis was done with VOSViewer and CitNetExplorer software. The following factors were identified as influencing the credibility of organic food: labeling, certification, place of purchase, country of origin, brand, price, communication, product category, packaging. From these, labeling, certification, and country of origin are well-researched factors in relation to credibility. The significance of the other discovered factors is supported; nonetheless, further research is needed to evaluate their effect on consumer trust.
The passage of time in Iraq during the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Alatrany Saad S. J. , Ogden Ruth , Falaiyah Ashraf Muwafa , ALdrraji ‏Hasan Ali Sayyid , Alatrany Abbas S. S.
Published: April 2022

The covid-19 global pandemic has influenced the day-to-day lives of people across the world. One consequence of this has been significant distortion to the subjective speed at which people feel like time is passing. To date, temporal distortions during covid-19 have mainly been studied in Europe. The current study therefore sought to explore experiences of the passage of time in Iraq. An online questionnaire was used to explore the passage of time during the day, week and the 11 months since the first period of covid-19 restrictions were imposed in Iraq. The questionnaire also measured affective and demographic factors, and task-load. The results showed that distortions to the passage of time were widespread in Iraq. Participants consistently reported a slowing of the passage of time for the day and the week during the pandemic in comparison to normal (i.e. before the pandemic). Participants also reported that it felt like longer than 11-months since the first lockdown began. The passage of time during the day and week were not predicted by any demographic, affective or task-load measures taken in the study. The perceived length of time since the first lockdown was however predicted by stress and change of life due to covid, with greater stress and greater change of life being associated with greater subjective lengthening of the pandemic. The findings indicate that whilst distortions to the passage of time during covid-19 appear to be a global phenomenon, the factors which predict temporal experience during the pandemic differ between countries and cultures.
Neuroprotective effect of sodium alginate against chromium-induced brain damage in rats
Authors: Saleh Eman M. , Hamdy Germine M. , Hassan Rasha E.
Published: April 2022

Oral exposure to chromium hexavalent [Cr(VI)] has disastrous impacts and affects many people worldwide. Cr(VI) triggers neurotoxicityviaits high oxidation potential by generating high amount of ROS. Meanwhile, alginates are known by their chelating activity and ability to bind heavy metals and toxins, in addition to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. So, this study aimed to explore the neuroprotective potential of sodium alginate (SA) against cellular injury, DNA damage, macromolecule alterations, and apoptosis induced by oral ingestion of Cr. Forty Wistar male rats were divided into 4 groups; group I: standard control ingested with the vehicle solution, group II: Cr-intoxicated group received 10 mg/kg b.w. of potassium dichromate orally by gavage and kept without treatment, group III: SA group in which rats were orally exposed to 200 mg/kg b.w. of SA only, and group IV: SA-treated group that received 200 mg/kg b.w. of SA along with Cr for 28 consecutive days. Neurotransmitters such as Acetyl choline esterase (AchE), Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) concentrations, Dopamine (DA) and 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels were assessed in brain homogenate tissues. Neurobiochemical markers; NAD+and S100B protein were investigated in the brain tissues and serum, respectively. Levels of HSP70, caspase-3, protein profiling were evaluated. DNA damage was determined using the Comet assay. Results revealed a significant reduction in the AchE and MAOA concentrations, DA, 5-HT, and NAD+levels, with an increase in the S100B protein levels. Cr(VI) altered protein pattern and caused DNA damage. High levels of HSP70 and caspase-3 proteins were observed. Fortunately, oral administration of SA prevented the accumulation of Cr in brain homogenates and significantly improved all investigated parameters. SA attenuated the ROS production and relieved the oxidative stress by its active constituents. SA can protect against cellular and DNA damage and limit apoptosis. SA could be a promising neuroprotective agent against Cr(VI)-inducing toxicity.
Temporal characteristics of aspiration pneumonia in elderly inpatients: From resumption of oral intake to onset
Authors: Furukawa Daisuke , Yamanaka Yoshitaka , Kasai Hajime , Urushibara Takashi , Ishiwata Tomokazu , Muranishi Sachiyo
Published: April 2022

Background

Elderly inpatients who develop fevers after resumption of oral intake are often considered to have aspiration pneumonia (AP) and be tentatively fasted. Fasting has been associated with prolonged hospital stays and decreased swallowing ability. The purpose of this study was to compare AP and other infections after resumption of oral intake in elderly inpatients and to identify the clinical characteristics.

Patients and methods

The records of patients who were admitted to a public tertiary hospital and referred for evaluation of swallowing disability were retrospectively reviewed to identify those who had developed AP, non-AP, or urinary tract infection (UTI) after resumption of oral intake. Eligible patients were enrolled consecutively in the study. The patient characteristics, physical findings, laboratory data, oral intake status at the time of onset of symptoms, and rate of discontinuation of oral intake after onset of infection were compared between the three types of infection.

Results

A total of 193 patients developed an infectious illness after resuming oral intake. Among them, 114 patients had a diagnosis of AP (n = 45), non-AP (n = 24), or UTI (n = 45). There were no significant differences in patient characteristics, physical findings or laboratory data between the group with AP and the other two groups. AP developed at a median of 6 (range 1–16) days after resumption of oral intake. The rate of discontinuation of oral intake was 91.1% in the AP group, 58.3% in the non-AP group, and 26.7% in the UTI group, respectively.

Conclusion

Infectious diseases other than AP should be considered in the differential diagnosis when nosocomial fever develops in elderly inpatients more than 17 days after resuming oral intake. Furthermore, nosocomial fever after resuming oral intake has many causes other than AP, and discontinuation of oral intake should be carefully considered.
Educar y evaluar durante el confinamiento en España: mundo rural y urbano
Authors: Díez-Guitiérrez Enrique-Javier , Gajardo Espinoza Katherine
Published: April 2022

Se analiza la visión y propuestas de integrantes de unidades familiares de la España rural y la urbana sobre cómo educar y evaluar en la escuela durante el confinamiento provocado por la crisis sanitaria por la COVID-19. Se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo mediante la metodología de encuesta electrónica a una muestra no probabilística de 3.376 casos. Se han comparado y analizado los datos obtenidos de los grupos urbanos y rurales mediante estadísticos descriptivos, contraste de hipótesis y análisis de contenido cualitativo. Los resultados señalan que, aunque escasas, todavía persisten brechas digitales en el acceso a medios y recursos para poder continuar el proceso educativo en el hogar. Se observan diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el acceso a ordenadores, conexión a internet de calidad y materiales y recursos curriculares entre los grupos rurales y los urbanos, al igual que en la percepción sobre la capacidad formativa de las personas adultas del hogar para acompañar a los estudiantes en sus tareas. Sus valoraciones de forma libre en la última cuestión planteada se desarrollan en torno a las categorías de: 1. experiencias familiares; 2. críticas a la gestión de la crisis; 3. propuestas de mejora; 4; propuestas para el próximo curso.
Phase Composition and Structure of the Ce-83.3 at%Ir Alloy Obtained by Electron Beam Melting
Authors: Nikiforov A.G. , Demyanov B.F. , Nikiforov D.A. , Levichev А.Е. , Mikerin S.L. , Kuchyanov A.S. , Gurev M.A. , Ageikova L.N.
Published: April 2022

Photocathodes made of the Ir-Ce system alloys have high thermal resistance, electrical, and thermal conductivity along with high electron emission properties and are widely used as sources of electrons. In this paper, the phase composition and structure of the Ce-83,3ат%Ir alloy intended for use as a photocathode material are studied. The alloy obtained by electron beam melting has a component ratio corresponding to the CeIr5 intermetallic compound. Despite this, a dispersed multiphase material is formed during crystallization. X-ray phase analysis shows the presence of three phases, such as Ir, CeIr5, and Ce2Ir7, in the photocathode material. Optical microscopy studies of the photocathode microstructure reveal that the basis of the alloy is the CeIr5 + Ir eutectic. The CeIr5 phase forms a matrix in which Ir crystals are included. The Ir phase has the form of rods with an average diameter of 0.7 microns. The high dispersion of the structure can increase the emission properties of the photocathode.
Numerical Simulation of Hydrogen Oxidation at High Pressures Using Global Kinetics
Authors: Bunev V.A. , Senachin A.P.
Published: April 2022

This paper has developed and presented a new equation for the global kinetics (macrokinetics) of hydrogen oxidation at high pressures. It is based on equations for calculations of the self-ignition processes of hydrogen-air mixtures in homogeneous chemical reactors using the equations of the detailed kinetic mechanism. The choice of a detailed kinetic mechanism that describes the processes at high pressures well enough is based on a comparative analysis of a significant number of references, some of which are given in the paper. Various detailed kinetic mechanisms are compared by testing the processes of hydrogen selfignition in idealized homogeneous reactors of constant volume and constant pressure using numerical modeling of a system of ordinary differential equations describing the processes of self-ignition of hydrogen. The resulting macrokinetics equation describes the rate of hydrogen oxidation processes which, in the alternative case of a detailed kinetic mechanism, must be modeled using several dozen differential equations. The new equation of hydrogen macrokinetics is intended for the numerical simulation of physicochemical processes in developing new technologies and energy devices.
Simulation of Spiral and Screw Dispensers Operations Using Structural Transformations
Authors: Novoseltseva M.A. , Gutova S.G. , Churikov I.Yu.
Published: April 2022

The making of homogenous mixtures from various materials and their interfusion is a process that has widespread use in the food industry. The quality of the finished product often relies on the outcome of this process. Therefore, the increase of requirements for the quality of mixtures makes studying the operational characteristics of various kinds of mixing equipment a must. One approach to do so is mathematical modeling. The paper reviews the simulation of the spiral and screw dispensers operations, which provide a preliminary initial stage of high-quality mixing of components. The presence of fluctuations in the dispensers leads to stochastic changes in the output signal, complicating the simulation process. Sequential structural transformations of the signal to filter fluctuations are applied to solve this problem. The apparatus of continued fractions is used to construct a mathematical model of the output signal from the dispensers as a harmonic component with a certain amplitude and angular frequency. The research results allow the simulation of processes at the inlet of continuous mixers with high accuracy. Besides, that lets us evaluate the effectiveness of the mixing processes and the influence of technological parameters on the quality of the mixtures.
Construction and Visualization of the Ontology of the Educational Course for the Digital Information Space of the University
Authors: Polovikova O.N. , Shiryaev V.V. , Kozlov D.S.
Published: April 2022

Despite the significant volume of educational courses published on the university's information portals, there is no full or partial mechanism for obtaining the necessary information in one place and an accessible form. Each course is a separate resource, without the ability to build logical connections (navigational transitions) between adjacent or sequential courses and courses of the same thematic cluster or subject area. The lack of systematization of e-courses does not allow realizing a full-fledged contextual search and navigation between related resources.

Within the framework of this study, the problem of constructing and presenting an ontology of an electronic course is considered. Applied solutions to this problem will significantly increase the constructiveness of existing services for working with training courses and provide a new set of opportunities based on the systematization of knowledge. As a structure of knowledge representation, it is proposed to use a structured set of concepts (terms) that describe the theoretical and practical aspects of the electronic course. Such a domain ontology is represented as a semantic network, which can be visualized by a specialized software tool or using a graphical library, for example, d3 for the JavaScript language.
Dysphagia and Odynophagia in a Cardiac Transplant Patient: A Case of Mycophenolic Acid–Induced Esophagitis and Esophageal Stricture
Authors: Schell Trevor L. , Lindholm Christopher R. , Grimes Ian
Published: April 2022

Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is associated with many gastrointestinal (GI) side effects that vary in severity and location. Upper GI effects have previously been attributed to topical mucosal irritation similar to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug pathology. We describe a case of severe MPA-induced esophagitis complicated by esophageal stricture in a patient receiving multiple formulations of MPA, including oral enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium and mycophenolate mofetil administered both intravenous and by J-tube. Endoscopy revealed complete resolution of esophagitis following discontinuation of all MPA formulations, demonstrating that upper GI toxicity may occur because of local and systemic effects.
Analysis of Students’ Errors in Solving Social Arithmetic Word Problems in terms of the Learning Styles
Authors: Agus Indra Gunawan  , Yuni Tri Astuti
Published: April 2022

Some abilities are needed to solve word problems, one of which is the ability to understand sentences and symbols in the problem. One factor that affects the ability of each student is learning style. Learning style is a person's tendency to receive and process information to the maximum, learning styles can be grouped into three, namely visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learning styles. The purpose of this study is to analyze and describe the forms of errors made by students in solving social arithmetic word problems in terms of the learning styles. Data collection procedures in this study are giving learning style questionnaire, written test, and interview. The research subjects are two VII grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Malang from each learning styles. The results of the analysis of this research are that students with visual learning style error occurs at the step of devising a plan, carriying out the plan, and looking back. While students with auditory and kinesthetic learning style error occurs at the understanding the problem, devising a plan, carriying out the plan, and looking back. The error forms occur in all learning styles.
The investigation of an event-based approach to improve commodities supply chain management
Authors: Maitre Elliot , Ramalho Sena Giovana , Chemli Zakaria , Chevalier Max , Dousset Bernard , Gitto Jean-Philippe , Teste Olivier
Published: April 2022

Goal: Predicting the evolution of commodities price to improve anticipation to supply-chain disruptions is hard. We propose an approach based on an event detection model on data stream to assist experts in such task. The final goal is to report to experts a meaningful description of the most impactful events occurring around the world, to help them in their daily decision-making.
Design / Methodology / Approach: This work results from a cross-fertilization between business management, Information Technology and Computer science. This work relies on an expert analysis and advanced AI engines, including a case study on a specific raw material and a literature review to define the parameters to supervise.
Results: We propose a general architecture based on IT and business synergy. We conduce a general study on the factors influencing raw materials price fluctuations, namely events influencing supply and demand of the commodity. Finally, we present a case study of the events, which historically affected phosphates prices.
Limitations of the investigation: An in-depth knowledge of the domain is needed to analyze and quantify the events impact on the supply chain.
Practical implications: This approach was first designed for assisting raw material purchasers but it can potentially be reproduced to assist other decision-makers.
Originality / Value: We propose a new approach on how to anticipate the implications of external events on supply chain disruption and raw materials price evolution. This method is multidisciplinary, involving expert domain knowledge and state-of-the-art artificial intelligence.
Silent Kawasaki Disease Affecting Multiple Coronary Arteries in a 39-Year-Old Egyptian Woman
Authors: Singab Hamdy , Sami Gamal , Tag El Sabah Mahmoud
Published: April 2022

Kawasaki disease, an acute febrile illness, can cause vasculitis in the coronary arteries. It is the chief acquired cause of myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death in infants, children, and young adults in developed countries. We report a case of chronic, silent Kawasaki disease complicated by multivessel thrombosis in a 39-year-old Egyptian woman. The patient presented with progressive, unstable angina but was otherwise asymptomatic and at negligible risk of ischemic heart disease. Coronary angiograms showed critical arterial stenosis with multiple aneurysms. During revascularization surgery, the patient's harvested left internal mammary artery was found to have occlusive lesions and aneurysmal areas that made it unfit for bypass grafting, and subsequent histopathologic examination revealed features characteristic of chronic Kawasaki disease–associated systemic vasculitis.

We think that this is only the second report of Kawasaki disease in the Arabian Mediterranean region. In addition to the patient's case, we discuss the epidemiology and management of Kawasaki disease, in hopes of increasing clinicians' awareness.
OPTIMISATION OF NEW TYPES OF ELECTROMECHANICAL CONVERTERS FOR MECHANISMS WITH FAN-TYPE LOADS
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Savosteenko Nikita , Semenova Kseniya , Khriukin Dmitry , Maksimov Nikita
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The article considers the main requirements for pumping stations, in particular, for methods of regula¬ting the water supply at the first lift pump unit. A description of the pumping unit and equipment is provided. The artic¬le pro-vides a comparison of the types of the main drive units of pumping stations. It also provides a rationale for the choice of electric drive system between classical asynchronous and synchronous electric drives, as well as a system with a field regulated reluctance machine (FRRM) with a comparison of energy indicators. A description and substantia-tion of the control system work are also given. The articles provide the technical characteristics of the motor parameters and the daily flow rate of the station fluid. The optimal method for regulating the power supply system was chosen based on research. A mathematical model of the device which implements the chosen control method is presented. The results of mathematical modeling are presented in the graphs. A graph of the transient process is given in the case of changing speeds depending on the required fluid supply. Conclusions about the efficiency of the system are drawn and further action plans are outlined.
ERROR ANALYSIS OF THE INDIRECT METHOD FOR MONITORING NETWORK ISOLATION PARAMETERS RELATIVE TO THE GROUND IN MATLAB/Simulink
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Boboev Khurshedshokh , Aver'yanov Yuriy , Bogdanov Andrey , Kravchuk Igor' ,   Chelyabinsk branch of the Institute of Mining of the UB of RAS, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Published: April 2022

The insulation parameters of electrical installations must be determined to find methods to prevent electri-cal injuries and ensure the safety of operation and reliability of power supply to electricity consumers. By identifying areas showing a steady decrease in insulation during operation and repairing such areas in a timely manner, the reliabi¬lity of power supply and operational safety can be significantly improved. Complete information about the insulation of electrical installations can be obtained by applying appropriate insulation monitoring methods. The article offers a brief description of existing methods for determining the parameters of network isolation relative to the ground and analyzes the errors of the indirect method based on connecting to one of the phases of additional capacity. A computer model of the influence of various factors on the accuracy of measurements of the insulation parameters of the network phases rel-ative to the ground was analyzed. The analysis showed that with phase voltage asymmetry and changes in the magnitude and type of load, the measurement error of the proposed method does not exceed 8%.
Standardization and Adaptation of International Franchising in Morocco: The case of fast food franchises
Authors: SAYL ZINEB
Published: April 2022

This article aims to analyze the appropriate level of standardization and adaptation that has determined the success of international franchising in Moroccan market.

We propose a comparative study between two American fast food franchises: McDonald's and Subway. The success of McDonald's franchise and the failure of Subway franchise in Moroccan market, suppose that there are key factors to entry in this market. We therefore present a managerial and marketing analyze of each case to determine the appropriate level of standardization and adaptation.

The results indicate that the international franchise system maintains a high level of the standardization of the business package, it is also evident to modify the methods of operations and marketing mix strategy to adapting their products to specific behavior of the Moroccan consumer. Moreover, the results suggest that the McDonald's franchise adapts a higher level of adaptation than the subway to entry Morocco.
Education in the Arts: Debate Between the Term Artist or Teacher
Authors: Velázquez Hernández Jorge Arturo , Romero Zepeda Jorge Adán , Alonso Chombo Rosalía , Ordaz Mejía María Nallely
Published: April 2022

The arts today have gained a lot of strength because it has been believed that they help improve student performance, favor education and learning, managing to lead the learner to the generation of significant knowledge. In this sense, this research aims to elucidate the impact and importance between the terms of artist and the figure of the art teacher. It seeks to express that both terms are related to education and the development of student learning. The results obtained will seek to make a proposal in which, based on what has been analyzed and referenced, the work of an art teacher within the school field can be defined, in addition to his artistic vocation that is completely balanced with his teaching vocation.
Correlation Between Management of Teaching Learning Resources and Pupils Performance at the Basic Level in Tutuka Circuit Schools of Obuasi, in the Ashanti Region of Ghana
Authors: Kor Jacob Aaworb-nang Maabobr , Kyeremeh Alex
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to find out whether there was any significant correlation between management of Teaching/Learning Resources (TLRs) available in schools within Tutuka circuit and students’ performance at the BECE examinations. A correlational design was used for the study. The sample for the study consisted of head teachers and teachers. The total target population was 127 from which a sample of 125 was purposively selected. Ten head teachers and 115 teachers participated in the study. Data for the study were collected using two sets of questionnaire, one for head teachers and another for teachers. The study revealed that there was an inverse correlation (R = - 0.461) between management of TLRs and students’ performance as measured by the BECE results. This value was not statistically significant. The study also showed that TLRS were released to schools in Tutuka Circuit on time and were efficiently managed by head teachers. The study therefore recommends that management of TLRs be made an essential part of in-service training for all head teachers to ensure that students derive maximum benefit from the available resources.
Problematyczne przepisy przejściowe w ustawie o inwestycjach w zakresie elektrowni wiatrowych (hipotetyczny a faktyczny obszar oddziaływania)
Authors: Jędrzejczak Maria
Published: April 2022

W artykule przedstawiono problematykę przepisów przejściowych ustanowionych w ustawie o inwestycjach w zakresie elektrowni wiatrowych. W szczególności uwaga została skupiona na grupie przepisów przejściowych dotyczących aktów planistycznych gminy. Podstawowym zagadnieniem badawczym było ustalenie możliwości wydania decyzji o warunkach zabudowy dla inwestycji mieszkaniowej w sytuacji, gdy planowana inwestycja hipotetycznie mogłaby się znaleźć w strefie oddziaływania elektrowni wiatrowej, której budowę przewiduje miejscowy plan zagospodarowania przestrzennego. Rozważania zostały przeprowadzone na tle wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Poznaniu z 8 października 2020 r., II SA/Po 598/20.