bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applicability of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers in China's marginal seas: evidence from surface sediments in the Southern Yellow Sea
Authors: Shao Ming , Zhang Shengyin , Pei Yu , Song Sen , Lei Tianzhu
Published: October 2022

Past climates inform our future. As a good indicator for paleoclimate reconstruction, the applicability of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) in high deposition rate areas such as shelf marginal seas needs to be further confirmed. In our study, the distribution of GDGTs in twenty sea surface samples from same longitude (121° 58' 48" E) but different latitude in the South Yellow Sea (SYS) was examined. The result showed that the terrigenous input of the SYS was transported by the Old Yellow River, and high terrestrial input may affect the temperature reconstruction. The sea surface temperature may be controlled by the Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC) in the SYS, followed by the changes of latitude and the distance from coast. This study proves that GDGTs-related indicators still have good applicability in marginal seas with complex environments and diverse sources.
Many-body reduced vector solution and water vibrations
Authors: Abdel-Rahman A. S.
Published: October 2022

Reduced mass value and vector are well known for the two-body problem, but the many-body reduced vector problem is not solved yet. The study of many-body problems and their applications (such as vibrational spectroscopy) is one of the more important physical problems. Vibrational spectroscopy provides a powerful tool to perceive the molecular structures and atom motions of molecules. The water molecule is a three-body system stretching vibration that has been previously quantized; their frequencies were defined and showed the infrared (IR) absorption spectrum based on Morse potential. In this work, the reduced mass of the many-body problem is being solved and then used to study the intensity of the stretching vibration modes and show the ratio is in agreement with experiments. The molecule was studied in classical and quantum mechanics to determine its absorption intensity as an example of a reduced mass problem. The results show molecular atomic motions and changes in dipole and reduced mass vector. A Morse-like model for bending was predicted based on the spectroscopic vibration frequency and intensity, defining the bending potential depth of 93.5 kJ/mol.
Screening Table Beet and Swiss Chard for Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pathovar aptata
Authors: Gaulke Emilee , Goldman Irwin L.
Published: October 2022

Bacterial leaf spot (BLS) has emerged in the last few decades as an economically important disease of both table beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) and Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris ssp. cicla). BLS is caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. aptata, which is spread readily on infected seeds. Symptoms appear as circular to irregular shaped, with a tan to dark brown center and a very dark border. Disease incidence and severity is dependent on cool, humid conditions and can vary widely year to year depending on the environment. Both the vegetative and reproductive phases of these biennial crops are susceptible to the pathogen. Table beet and Swiss chard commercial cultivars (n = 21), table beet breeding lines (n = 5), and table beet plant introductions (PIs) (n = 26) were screened for response to spray inoculation with P. syringae pv. aptata in a controlled greenhouse setting. Plants were rated for severity of symptoms using percent of the area of each pair of leaves (leaf set) with symptoms and an overall plant score assigned based on the scores for each leaf pair. Accessions varied in BLS susceptibility. PI accessions were most variable, with the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) ranging from 1.33 to 8.75. Highly significant differences among PIs were detected for disease scores in the vegetative stage, beginning 21 days after inoculation. Screens during the reproductive growth stage showed the least variation in AUDPC among PIs. Although cultivars varied less than PIs, good BLS resistance (low disease scores) was noted for ‘Touchstone Gold’, ‘Kestrel’, ‘Bull’s Blood’, ‘Rainbow’ chard, as well as PIs 222234 and NSL 28026. Accessions W451C, Red Cloud, Detroit Dark Red, and NSL 28020 were highly susceptible. There was no consistent association between disease score in the vegetative and reproductive phases, suggesting that breeders may need to screen for BLS in both phases of the biennial life cycle. The more resistant PIs or cultivars identified in this study can be used in future efforts to breed for host resistance to BLS and to establish mapping populations to better understand the genetic control of resistance, to aid in breeding efforts.
Genetic Variation Among 54 Eastern Black Walnut Cultivars for Phenological and Morphological Traits
Authors: Meier Nicholas , Coggeshall Mark V. , Webber J. Bryan , Bunting Elias , Revord Ronald S.
Published: October 2022

Eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra) is a large tree endemic to the eastern United States and is highly sought after for its timber products and uniquely flavored nuts. The University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry in New Franklin, MO, USA, hosts an eastern black walnut cultivar repository. This collection supports an ongoing breeding program to improve economic performance for nut production (kernel weight, nut quality, precocity, and yield). In 1996, 54 cultivars were grafted and planted in a series of experimental orchards for evaluation. From 2001 until 2015, trees were evaluated for 12 phenological and eight nut quality/yield traits. Economically relevant traits including kernel weight, kernel percentage, and precocity (total nuts produced age 6 to 10 years) ranged from 1.1 to 8.6 g, 5.3% to 39.3%, and 16 to 1522 total nuts per tree, respectively. Kernel percentage was positively correlated with kernel weight (r = 0.51) and precocity (r = 0.38). Precocity was negatively correlated with the first (r = −0.39) and last (r = −0.30) female bloom. Principal component analysis and biplot analyses revealed high levels of variation among the cultivars. The first two components explain 43.4% of the total variation. Nut dimensions (nut length and nut thickness), nut and kernel weight, and kernel percentage are the largest drivers of variation in the collection. Eigenvectors for precocity and kernel percentage load together and are orthogonal to kernel weight, suggesting these three important traits can be improved simultaneously. Also, nut length loads with kernel weight, providing a candidate indirect selection parameter to increase kernel weight. These data inform strategies for crossing scheme design, expectations for multitrait genetic gain, complementary hybridization, and identifying unique recombinants.
Wireless pressure sensor system for fish quality monitoring
Authors: Mu B. , Nikitina M. A. , Xiao X.
Published: October 2022

Food quality monitoring is increasingly important. This paper aims to propose the developed wireless pressure sensor system (WPSS) for fish quality monitoring. WPSS consists of a sensor acquisition module, power supply module, and Bluetooth module. The sensor acquisition module includes a temperature sensor, pressure sensor, and microcontroller unit (MCU). When Bluetooth receives the data collection command from the smartphone, the data of storage temperature and pressure in the food package can be collected by the sensor and transmitted wirelessly to the smartphone through Bluetooth. All data obtained by the system is monitored, stored, processed, and eventually displayed in a smartphone app in real-time to improve temperature, air pressure, and freshness transparency within the food package, ultimately ensuring food quality and safety. The proposed WPSS has potential application in many kinds of food monitoring. It can realize simple and intuitive food quality indications.
SCADA Sistemi: Şehir İçi ve Şehirlerarası Yolların Aydınlatma Sisteminin Kontrolü ve Otomasyonu
Authors: İBRAHİM Mohammed H.
Published: October 2022

Denetim kontrolü ve veri toplama (SCADA) sistemleri, petrol ve su dağıtım otomasyonu, enerji otomasyonu ve su arıtma sistemi otomasyonu gibi çeşitli alanlarında kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, şehir içi ve şehirlerarası yolların aydınlatma sisteminin izlenmesi ve kontrolü için Visual Studio C#.NET ortamında geliştirilen bir SCADA sistemi yazılımı tasarlanmıştır. Tasarlanan SCADA yazılımında, şehir içi ve şehirlerarası yolların aydınlatma sistemindeki tüm olayların izlenmesi ve kontrolü, animasyonlar ve renkli grafikler ile ifade edilerek gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu olaylar, sahada bulunan ışık şiddetini ölçen, arızaları tespit eden algılayıcılar ile aydınlatma direkleri ekipmanlarının nasıl çalıştığını ve bağlantı yapılarını içermektedir. Ayrıca tasarlanan SCADA yazılımı şehir içi ve şehirlerarası yolların aydınlatma sisteminin günlük verilerini, alarm yönetimini, güvenlik yönetimini, veri arşivini ve raporlama işlemlerini de kapsamaktadır. Sonuç olarak, Irak-Kerkük şehrinde yapılan uygulama ile tasarlanan SCADA sistemi yazılımının şehir içi ve şehirlerarası yolların aydınlatma sistemi kontrolünde eş zamanlı, hatasız ve verimli bir şekilde çalıştığı kanıtlanmıştır.
Tamamlayıcı Fonksiyonlar Yöntemi ile Fonksiyonel Derecelenmiş Sandviç Dairesel Plakların Eğilme Analizi
Authors: NOORI Ahmad Reshad
Published: October 2022

Bu çalışmada, Fonksiyonel Derecelenmiş (FD) malzemeli sandviç dairesel plakların eğilme davranışı teorik olarak araştırılmıştır. Malzeme özellikleri kalınlığı boyunca değişen sandviç dairesel plakların, öz tabakası veya çekirdeği izotropik homojen yüzey tabakları ise FD malzemeli olarak kabul edilmiştir. Ele alınan plakların statik davranışını idare eden denklemler Kirchhoff–Love ve Mindlin–Reissner plak teorilerine göre minimum toplam enerji prensibi yardımıyla kanonik halde elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu denklemlerin sayısal çözümleri için Tamamlayıcı Fonksiyonlar Yöntemi (TFY) uygulanmıştır. Bu araştırmada, malzeme değişim katsayılarının, yarıçap-kalınlık oranlarının, kayma deformasyon etkisinin ve farklı sınır koşullarının FD sandviç dairesel plakların eğilme davranışı üzerindeki etkileri parametrik olarak incelenmiştir. TFY’nin bu tür problemlere etkin bir şekilde uygulanabilirliği ve yöntemin doğruluğu, elde edilen sonuçların mevcut literatür ile karşılaştırılarak gösterilmiştir.
Determining Antibacterial Effect of Yellow Onion (Allium Cepa) Peel Extract on Some Pathogen Inoculated in Raw, UHT and Pasteurized Milks
Authors: YERLİKAYA Sabire , ÇİFTÇİ Merve , İŞLER Aysun , ŞEN ARSLAN Hülya
Published: October 2022

In this research, yellow onion peel extract (YOPE) was tested against some pathogens inoculated into pasteurized, UHT and raw milks. Milk samples were added with YOPE at 10% (v/v) and were left at 4 ºC for 5 days. The pH and colour of milk samples were determined at 1, 3 and 5th day of storage. Moreover, the milk samples were inoculated by 0.0, 5.0 and 7.0 log cfu/mL of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and by 0.0, 5.0 and 7.0 log cfu/mL of S. aureus ATCC 25923. All the above samples were then added with YOPE at a rate of 0.0 or 5.0% (v/v). YOPE had the greatest inhibitory effect on E. coli inoculated pasteurized milk at a concentration of 7.00±0.24 log cfu/mL, whereas the lowest inhibitory effect was shown on the raw milk inoculated with 7.00±0.87 log cfu/mL S. aureus and 5.00±0.21 log cfu/mL E. coli.
Doğaltaş Fabrikasında Fayans Üretim Hattındaki Kalite Kontrol Uygulaması
Authors: KARAABAT VAROL Merve , SARAÇ M. Saim
Published: October 2022

İşletmeler, rekabet ortamında ürettikleri ürünün devamlı talep edilmesini isterler. Üretilen ürünün devamlı talep görmesindeki en önemli unsurlardan biri de kaliteli ürün olmasıdır. İstenilen kalitede ürün olması için de üretim süreci boyunca kalite kontrol olmasıdır. Kalite kontrol’ün temel amacı, üretim kusurlarının belirlenip önlenmesi ve standart mal üretilmesidir. Endüstride kalite kontrol önemli olduğu gibi doğaltaş üretimlerinde de kalite kontrol önemli olmaktadır. Özellikle doğaltaş fabrikalarında üretilen fayansların ölçülebilir karakteristikleri olan kalınlıkları, eni, boyu, gönyesi ve yüzey özelliği müşterinin ilk etap da dikkat ettiği kısımdır. Ölçülemeyen fakat kalite açısından önemli olan fayans özellikleri ise, köşe kırığı, yüzey dolgu boşlukları ve kenar işleme özelliklerinden kaynaklanan kusurlardır. Mermer işleme tesisinde, her operasyonda üretilen yarı mamulden sonra ölçü kontrolünün, damar-çatlak-kırık ve renk homojenliği kontrolünün, bir sonraki işlemden önce yapılması gerekmektedir. Mermer sektöründe müşteriye sunulan nihai ürünlerin kalite standartlarının oluşturulması ve kalitedeki sürekliliğin sağlanması önemlidir. Mermer fabrikalarında levha ve fayanslara belirli aşamalarda kalite kontrol çalışmaları yapılmalıdır. Bu çalışmada Isparta’da bulunan bir mermer fabrikasının fayans üretim hattından örnek olarak alınan 30,5x30,5x1,25 cm boyutlarındaki bej mermer fayanslar, genel olarak taşın kalite karakteristiğini ortaya koyan, aynı üretim hattından çıkan mermerlerdir. Alınan örneklerin en, boy, kalınlık, gönye ve yüzey parlaklığı gibi ölçülebilir karakteristikleri ölçüldükten sonra, elde edilen verilere Shewhart kontrol grafikleri uygulanmıştır. X-S kontrol grafikleri sonucunda üretimde bazı sapmaların olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Müşteri memnuniyeti açısından önemli olan mermer sektöründe, kalite kontrolde yaşanan bu sapmalar göz önünde bulundurarak nedenleri araştırılmalı, müşteri memnuniyeti maksimum düzeye getirilmelidir.
Tensile and Morphological Properties of Waste Tire Rubber Granule/Polyester Polymer Matrix Composite
Authors: YILDIZHAN Şafak , YEL Feyza , AKAR Mustafa Atakan , KUMLU Umut
Published: October 2022

In this study, waste tire rubber granules were used as filler material for the fabrication of polymer matrix composite samples. The polyester resin which is one of the most preferred matrix materials and recycled waste tire rubber granules were combined at varying ratios with the open molding method. The samples were characterized experimentally by conducting tensile and hardness tests. The morphological properties of the specimens were examined with scanning electron microscope images. The study revealed that the addition of untreated waste tire rubber granules to polyester resin decreases the tensile and yield strength values, while it causes to increase in elongation and ductility of the material. The morphological examinations showed that waste rubber granules and polyester resin have poor interfacial adhesion and thus the waste rubber granules should be properly treated to be used as filler material. The study indicated that waste tire rubber granule/polyester composites can be used for non-structural applications with the benefits of using less fossil sourced raw materials and contributing to the decrement of environmental pollution.
Havaalanlarında Dijital Dönüşüm Risklerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: YÜKSEL Fatma Şeyma , KALAN Olcay , IŞIK Melek
Published: October 2022

Son zamanlarda ivme kazanmaya başlayan ve fiziksel sistemin sanal bir kopyasını oluşturmakla ilgili olan sistemler dijital dönüşüm olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Dijital dönüşüm verimliliği etkileyen ve rekabet avantajı oluşturan bir kavram haline gelmiştir. Tüm sektörlerde olduğu gibi havacılık sektöründe de rekabetin giderek artmasıyla dijitalleşmenin önemi giderek artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, havaalanlarında kullanılan dijital dönüşüm unsurları incelenmiş ve bu süreci etkileyen riskler çok kriterli karar verme araçlarından olan analitik ağ prosesi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Karşılaşılan sorunlar ve nedenleri balık kılçığı diyagramı ile ortaya konmuş daha sonra ortaya çıkan kriterler analitik ağ prosesi yöntemi ile önem derecelerine göre sıralanıp değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirmeler neticesinde multidisipliner bir çalışma ortamının oluşturulmasının havalimanlarındaki dijital dönüşümde büyük öneme sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
An Experimental Study on Comparison of Selected Performance Properties of Soybean and Cotton Knitted Fabrics
Authors: GÖKGÖNÜL G. Banu , SABIR Emel Ceyhun
Published: October 2022

In this study, 100% soybean and 100% cotton suprem and pique knitted fabrics were produced. Quality performance parameters, color fastness and spectrophotometric color results of the knitted fabrics were compared. The aim of the study is to reveal the advantages and weaknesses of soybean knitted fabrics compared to cotton knitted fabrics. When the production and test results are examined, soybean fabrics are softer than cotton fabrics. Knitted pique 100% soybean protein fiber fabrics dimensional change is worse than 100% cotton. Air permeability of fabrics made from soybean fiber is better than cotton fabrics therefore it can be provided thermal comfort conditions. Bursting strength of soybean fabrics is as good as cotton fabrics. In the color fastness tests, the fastness values of the soybean fabrics were found to be high and wet rubbing fastness is good. As a result of this study, it was seen that the color fastness, softness, abrasion resistance, air permeability of the soybean knitted were better than cotton fabrics. Soybean fabrics were found to be more pilling than cotton fabrics. When the results of the research are examined, 100% soybean fabrics can be used instead of cotton fabrics.
Boundary layers on the upper/lower surfaces of reinforced plates
Authors:   Lavrentiev Institute of Hydrodynamics, Annin Boris D. , Kolpakov Aleksandr G. ,   SysAn - System Analysis in Engineering, Rakin Sergey I. ,   Siberian Transport University
Published: October 2022

The periodicity cell problems of the homogenization theory, both elastic and thermoelastic, are discussed for a fiber-reinforced plate. A feature of the periodicity cells of the plates is the presence of free surfaces in them. As follows from our calculations, boundary layers appear on free surfaces. The characteristics of these boundary layers for unidirectional and transverse reinforced plates are investigated.
On non-axisymmetrical buckling modes ofcircular plates under normal pressure
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Bauer Svetlana M. , Voronkova Eva B. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Semenov Boris N. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2022

The paper presents the results of a study of the bifurcation of axisymmetric equilibrium forms of round plates under various conditions for fixing the outer edge. It is shown that for the case of sliding edge, the analytical, asymptotic and finite element approaches give close results. When the edge of the plate is hinged, the buckling to a non-axisymmetric state occurs at a much higher load and with the formation of a smaller number of waves than for a sliding boundary conditions. Difficulties in obtaining a numerical solution based on the analytical approach are apparently associated with the need for a more accurate description of the stress-strain subcritical state of the plate.
Higher criteria for the regularity of a one-dimensional local field
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kravchenko Denis S. , Kustova Elena V. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Melnik Maksim Yu. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2022

A coupled problem of gasdynamics, vibrational relaxation, and dissociation in the flow of oxygen behind reflected shock waves is studied. The detailed state-to-state kinetic approach is used, which is based on a coupled solution of the momentum and energy conservation equations with the balance equations for molecular vibrational state populations and concentrations of oxygen atoms. Initial conditions corresponding to recent experiments in shock tubes are considered. For different models of physicochemical processes, a comparison is made with experimental data; varying the model parameters yields satisfactory agreement of all gas-dynamic parameters with the measured ones. The key feature of the proposed approach is the allowance for partial vibrational-chemical relaxation in the time interval between the incident and reflected shock waves. When relaxation between the shocks is not frozen, the reflected shock wave propagates through a vibrationally nonequilibrium gas, which significantly affects kinetics and gas dynamics. Accounting for partial relaxation ensures good agreement between the pressure calculated behind the front of the reflected shock wave and the pressure measured in the experiment. On the other hand, comparison with the vibrational temperature calculated indirectly from spectroscopic experimental data under the assumption of frozen relaxation shows noticeable differences near the shock wave front. We conclude that the technique for extracting gas-dynamic parameters fromspectroscopic data has to be improved by taking into account vibrational excitation before the reflected shock wave.
On the stability of the zero solution of a periodic reversible second-order differential equation
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Bibikov Yuri N.
Published: October 2022

The problem of the stability of the zero solution of the second-order differential equation describing the periodic perturbations of an oscillator with a nonlinear reducing force is studied. The problem in the autonomous case was solved by A.M. Lyapunov. The so called transcendental case when all members of the decomposition of the right part of the differential equation into series are to be taken into account, is considered. This case takes place for reversible differential equations, i. e. equations that do not change when time is replaced by the opposite value. The problem is solved by the methods of the KAM theory, according to which in any neighborhood of the equilibrium position at the origin of the phase plane there are periodic invariant two-dimensional tori that separate the three-dimensional configuration space. These tori are considered as two-dimensional periodic invariant surfaces covering the time axis from where the stability (non-asymptotic) of the zero solution followed. The problem to be solved is characterized by the fact that the unperturbed part of the equation contains a dissipative term (a term dependent on velocity) which has the same order of smallness as the restoring force. It is established that if a dissipative part of the perturbation is small enough then the unperturbed movement is stable according to Lyapunov.
Ultrapowers of Banach algebras
Authors:   Urmia University, Ebadian Ali , Jabbari Ali ,   Urmia University
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we consider ultrapowers of Banach algebras as Banach algebras and the product (J,U) on the second dual of Banach algebras. For a Banach algebra A, we show that if there is a continuous derivation from A into itself, then there is a continuous derivation from (A**,(J,U)) into it. Moreover, we show that if there is a continuous derivation from A into X**, where X is a Banach A-bimodule, then there is a continuous derivation from A into ultrapower of X i. e., (X)U . Ultra (character) amenability of Banach algebras is investigated and it will be shown that if every continuous derivation from A into (X)U is inner, then A is ultra amenable. Some results related to left (resp. right) multipliers on (A**,(J,U)) are also given.
Fixed point results for condensing operators via measure of non-compactness
Authors:   Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Touail Youssef , Jaid Amine ,   Sultan Moulay Slimane University, El Moutawakil Driss ,   Sultan Moulay Slimane University
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we prove some fixed point theorems for condensing operators in the setting of Banach spaces via measure of non-compactness, without using regularity. Our results improve and generalize many known results in the literature.
Anthropometric measurements in newborn children of personnel employed at radiation-hazardous production as indicators used in monitoring over consequences of parental exposure to radiation
Authors:   Southern Urals Biophysics Institute of FMBA of Russia, 19 Ozerskoe shosse, Ozersk, 456780, Russian Federation, Sosnina S.F. , Okatenko P.V. ,   Southern Urals Biophysics Institute of FMBA of Russia, 19 Ozerskoe shosse, Ozersk, 456780, Russian Federation, Sokolnikov M.E. ,   Southern Urals Biophysics Institute of FMBA of Russia, 19 Ozerskoe shosse, Ozersk, 456780, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

Abstract: Physical development of offspring can be an important criterion applied to assess effects produced by parental exposure. The cohort that includes workers employed at Mayak Production Association (PA), the first nuclear fuel cycle production facility in Russia, is a valuable information source for analyzing consequences of occupational exposure. Our objective was to analyze somatometric parameters of newborn children of Mayak PA workers who were occupationally exposed to pre-conception external gamma-radiation. We retrospectively analyzed anthropometric measurements of 13,880 newborn children, all born in 1949–1973; 9321 children were conceived by parents who were long-term occupationally exposed to radiation at Mayak PA. The analysis covered the core anthropometric elements including height, weight, head circumference, and chest circumference. Development proportionality was estimated by using Quetelet, Vervek – Vorontsov’s, and Erismann indexes. We estimated a correlation between anthropometric measurements and accumulated parental pre-conception external gamma radiation dose and calculated relative risk coefficients and odds ratio with 95 % confidence interval. We established that parents were exposed to a wide range of external gamma radiation doses, up to 4075.6 mGy to the ovaries and 5653.1 mGy to the testicles. There was a weak correlation between newborns’ height and weight and parental exposure. We also detected a trend for a decrease in newborns’ body mass with increasing accumulated pre-conception dose of external gamma radiation to the ovaries and, conversely, for an increase in it with a growing dose to the testicles. We revealed a statistically significant increase in height and weight among children conceived and born by Mayak PA workers, namely, a greater share of children with high body mass at birth. Analysis of children’s somatotypes confirmed excessive values of proportionality indexes that showed height and weight measurements among children of exposed parents. Additional analysis of firstborns and children with proper duration of gestation produced the same results. Risk assessment indicated there was significant prevalence of children with high body mass among offspring of exposed people. We also assessed physical development of Mayak PA workers’ newborns taking into account the latest data on long-term occupational exposure; this assessment is vital for epidemiological monitoring over health of children born by personnel employed at radiation-hazardous production facilities.
Schistosoma haematobium bilharziasis during overwintering in Adelie land: Health and operational risk in Antarctica
Authors:   Malaria Research Unit, Claude-Bernard Lyon-1 University, Villeurbanne, 69622, France, Buguet A.
Published: October 2022

While serving from December 1970 to January 1972 as a medical doctor of the 21st French Polar Expedition in Adelie Land, Antarctica, at Dumont d’Urville Station, the author diagnosed Schistosoma haematobiumurinary bilharziasis in a winterer who suffered from pain in the right iliac fossa, at the beginning of the overwintering. The patient had participated in a bush investigation in West Africa, but, despite his complaints, the illness had not been diagnosed prior to the Antarctic expedition. Microscopic examination revealed Schistosoma haematobium eggs in the urine centrifugation deposit. In the absence of anti-bilharziasis medication, the patient was treated symptomatically with urinary antiseptic or antibiotic, hemostatic and antihistamine medications to palliate the egg deposition in the bladder wall and the subsequent induction of inflammatory reactions. Nine months later, a US Navy plane landed on the continent in the vicinity of the French Station and delivered the specific parasiticidal niridazole tablets. The patient received three niridazole tablets per day during one week. He returned to Paris in March 1972. Exploratory medical tests did not reveal any bladder or urinary tract alteration. He never since complained of any related problem. Recommendations are provided to avoid personal and / or operational risks due to such tropical infectious diseases during Antarctic expeditions
Substantiating optimal parameters of risk factors existing in the educational environment for schoolchildren as per indicators of physical, mental and somatic health
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Ustinova О.Yu. ,   Perm State National Research University, 15 Bukireva Str., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation, Zaitseva N.V. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Eisfeld D.A. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

Schoolchildren are simultaneously exposed to several risk factors associated with the educational process, nutrition in school, ambient air quality, water quality, socioeconomic conditions etc. Their intensity and combinations largely determine indicators of children’s physical, somatic and mental health. Our research goal was to quantify influence exerted by a set of risk factors existing in the educational environment on key indicators of schoolchildren’s health. We examined 661 children who attended four secondary education institutions of different types. The educational processes in each institution were estimated to check their conformity with sanitary-epidemiological requirements and hygienic standards. Psychological testing included tests aimed at assessing attention, cognitive functions, memory and stress. Laboratory tests involved using liquid and gas chromatography and spectrophotometry. Nutrition provided by schools was estimated to check whether it conformed to the standards stipulated in the Sanitary Rules and Norms SanPiN 2.3/2.4.3590-20. Socioeconomic factors influencing the examined children were assessed as per results produced by a social survey. All the data were statistically analyzed with conventional statistical procedures and mathematical analysis. Influence exerted by risk factors on body composition, incidence and results of psychological testing was assessed by using single-factor logistic regression modeling of “dose – likelihood of a response (effect)” relationships. Significance of the created models was estimated as per Fischer’s test. We established parameters of risk factors that would ensure absence of any negative effects on schoolchildren’s health under simultaneous exposure. The article provides the results produced by comparative analysis of the educational environment in different types of schools and its conformity with established optimal parameters as well as existing standards. We have also developed certain recommendations on how to create a health-preserving environment for a contemporary schoolchild, both in school and beyond classes.
Mycotoxins in coffee and chicory: from regulated to emergent
Authors:   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustinskiy proezd, Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation, Sedova I.B. , Kiselev M.G. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustinskiy proezd, Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation, Chalyy Z.A. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustinskiy proezd, Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

Coffee is a daily basic food product for many people all over the world. In Russia and some European countries, people who try to pursue healthy lifestyle often prefer chicory as a substitute to coffee. Our research goal was to evaluate occurrence of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium and Alternaria secondary metabolites in coffee and chicory distributed on the RF market. 29 mycotoxins were determined in 48 samples of coffee and chicory using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass-spectrometric detection (UHPLC-MS/MS). The range of analyzed contaminants included regulated mycotoxins (aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins, T-2 toxin, and zearalenone), their derivatives and structural analogs (A and B trichothecenes), Alternaria metabolites (alternariol, its methyl ether, altenuene, tentoxin), citrinin and several emergent mycotoxins (citreoviridin, cyclopiazonic and mycophenolic acids, enniatins, beauvericin). To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to report results indicating that unregulated emergent mycotoxins occur in the examined products. Chicory samples contained beauvericin (9 of 16 samples, the contents varied from 2.4 to 1173 µg/kg) and enniatin B (6 of 16 samples, 2.8–1109 µg/kg). Green and roasted coffee samples contained mycophenolic acid (11 of 20 samples, 23.5–58.3 µg/kg; 3 of 12 samples, 155.7–712.2 µg/kg accordingly). Several samples were contaminated with aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and fumonisin B2. Their contents in the examined samples did not exceed maximum levels; however, their occurrence indicates a potential health risk for consumers. This requires hygienic assessment and monitoring of these products with the focus on their contamination not only with regulated aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A but also with other potentially hazardous mycotoxins.
Integrated model of health risk assessment for workers having to work outdoors under exposure to cooling meteorological factors
Authors:   North-West Public Health Research Center, 4 2nd Sovetskaya Str., Saint Petersburg, 191036, Russian Federation, Polyakova E.M. , Meltser A.V. ,   I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, 41 Kirochnaya Str., Saint Petersburg, 195067, Russian Federation, Iakubova I.S. ,   I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, 41 Kirochnaya Str., Saint Petersburg, 195067, Russian Federation, Erastova N.V. ,   I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, 41 Kirochnaya Str., Saint Petersburg, 195067, Russian Federation, Suvorova A.V. ,   I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, 41 Kirochnaya Str., Saint Petersburg, 195067, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

Natural resources extraction involves continuous exposure to cooling meteorological factors typical for open production grounds. This necessitates relevant health risk assessment and management of health risks caused by exposure to these harmful occupational factors. However, the available risk assessment models do not provide a possibility to perform complete assessment of the existing risks created by exposure to meteorological hazards. The study design included the following. We performed hygienic assessment of working conditions and health of workers employed by “Samotlorneftegaz” Joint Stock Company (JSC) who had to perform their work tasks under exposure to cooling meteorological factors on open production grounds; the assessment involved calculating the group health risk. Individual peculiarities were assessed using subjective (547 people took part in questioning) and objective assessment methods (76 people took part in estimating thermal state of their bodies and 54 people participated in thermometry with cold stress). Finally, we assessed prior and posterior risks. The prior group risk assessment made it possible to identify risk groups who had a significant risk of developing occupational and non-occupational diseases and to rank working places as per health hazards. The posterior risk assessment confirmed the results produced by the prior risk assessment regarding potentiating negative effects produced by cooling meteorological factors. The assessment of developing general and local thermoregulation disorders revealed that certain individual peculiarities made a substantial contribution into their development. Among them, we can mention long-term outdoor work (60 % of work time or more) under exposure to cooling meteorological factors; a chronic pathology; tobacco smoking. The results produced by this study allowed us to suggest an integrated model for risk assessment, management and communication about health risks caused by working under exposure to cooling meteorological factors.
Life expectancy at birth for the rf population: prediction based on modeling influence exerted by a set of socio-hygienic determinants on age-specific mortality rates exemplified by diseases of the circulatory system
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Glukhikh М.V. , Kleyn S.V. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Kiryanov D.А. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Kamaltdinov М.R. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya Str., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation
Published: October 2022

The article dwells on cause-effect relations between certain socio-hygienic factors and age-specific mortality rates due to cardiovascular diseases. New research trends in hygiene, a multidisciplinary approach to studies in the field and the current state policy make the present work topical. Our methodical approach to predicting probable age-specific mortality rates due to cardiovascular diseases relied on applying artificial neural networks. We analyzed a set of indicators that described the public healthcare system, sanitary-epidemiological welfare on a given territory, lifestyle, economic conditions, sociodemographic conditions, and primary incidence. Overall, we obtained 18 models (as per 5-year age-specific periods) of a relationship between socio-hygienic determinants and mortality rates due to cardiovascular diseases. The determination coefficients fell within 0.01–0.75 range and the greatest explanatory power occurred when the age period “30 years and older” was analyzed. We detected comparability of variational series obtained for mortality due to cardiovascular diseases among the whole population and the determination coefficients of the created models. We established predictive estimates of life expectancy at birth (LEB) in case there were changes in the analyzed socio-hygienic determinants by 2024 set within a certain scenario. Thus, changes in the whole set of determinants would result in 514 days added to LEB; lifestyle-related indicators, 205 days; indicators describing sanitary-epidemiological welfare, 126 days; economic indicators, 102 days; sociodemographic indicators, 101 days; primary incidence rates, 40 days; indicators describing the public healthcare system, 19 days. Several determinants were shown to be the most significant for reducing mortality due to cardiovascular diseases among working age population and older age groups. They are indicators describing people’s physical and motor activity, income levels, consumption of vegetables, education, and working conditions. Our research results are consistent with those obtained by other studies with their focus on establishing cause-effect relations between environmental factors and public health.
Ecological Balance in the Process of Resource Development of the Arctic
Authors: Stepanov N. S. , Sokolovkaya E. A.
Published: October 2022

One of the priorities of Russia's regional policy is the further development and development of Arctic territories and water areas. Currently, economic reformatting has become extremely dynamic. That is why the solution of the problem of ecological balance in the process of resource development of the Arctic is particularly relevant. No one doubts that the development of the Arctic zone for the successful development of Arctic hydrocarbon reserves is associated with the solution of a number of serious tasks that ensure the protection of national interests, infrastructure development and solutions to environmental problems. The article deals with the problems of sustainable development of the region, the possibilities of institutional mechanisms of interaction between the countries of the Arctic Council, the environmental protection effect of environmental protection.
Ecosystem Understanding of the City-Human Being Relationship
Authors: Najder-Stefaniak Krystyna
Published: October 2022

This paper presents the ecosystem understanding of the city-human being relationship. The author makes use of the paradigm of the ecosystem relationship in order to understand the city and human being as elements of the cultural and natural system. The concept of the ecosystem relationship, as defined by Edgar Morin, the French theoretician of complexity, plays an important role here. The paradigm of the ecosystem relationship makes us realize the complexity of dependencies in the dynamic, open and relatively isolated system of activity. Morin was inspired by Erwin Schrödinger’s discovery that the ecosystem co-organizes and takes part in the programming of the organisms within it.  The social and natural system is the second crucial notion in this paper. It was coined as a result of interdisciplinary research conducted by Józef Marceli Dołęga, the founder of the Polish school of humanistic ecology and systemic sozology. The concept of transgression is yet another one important in my work. The term “transgressive man” was coined by Józef Kozielecki, a psychologist. Having understood transgression, we may see that man is capable of bestowing his presence on the present, future and past. The paradigm of the ecosystem relationship allows us to understand that a subject may direct its actions not only toward what is but also toward what may or should be. The conclusion is that we, as elements of the cultural and natural ecosystem, may enrich the city when we become part of it. Moreover, we may enrich ourselves when the city becomes part of our space.
Determinants of accounting quality of SMEs: Empirical study of individual investors in southern Vietnam
Authors:   Faculty of Postgraduate Studies, Lac Hong University, Biên Hòa, Vietnam, Nguyen Duyen Thi Ngoc
Published: October 2022

Accounting quality is critical to any business's success, especially when it comes to meeting the expectations of stakeholders having a special interest in the firm. This study aims at evaluating the accounting quality of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Southern Vietnam to see if it is efficient, transparent, and adherent to various domestic and internal standards. Especially, this study focuses on additional aspects that can assist to enhance the quality of accounting and accounting data by examining certain key determinants of accounting quality among SMEs across different economic sectors in Southern Vietnam. Based on the data collected from 247 individual investors, this study finds that the accounting quality of investigated SMEs is affected by several major factors, including risk assessment, internal audit, internal control, and compliance as well as communication channels, among others. It is also found that the availability and utilization of high-quality, timely data in SMEs had a substantial impact on the accounting quality perceived by individual investors. From such findings, some managerial implications have been proposed to enhance its quality.
Investigating the Provision and Context of Use of Hearing Aid Listening Programs From Real-world Data: Observational Study
Authors: Pasta Alessandro , Szatmari Tiberiu-Ioan , Christensen Jeppe Høy , Jensen Kasper Juul , Pontoppidan Niels Henrik , Sun Kang , Larsen Jakob Eg
Published: October 2022

Background

Listening programs enable hearing aid (HA) users to change device settings for specific listening situations and thereby personalize their listening experience. However, investigations into real-world use of such listening programs to support clinical decisions and evaluate the success of HA treatment are lacking.

Objective

We aimed to investigate the provision of listening programs among a large group of in-market HA users and the context in which the programs are typically used.

Methods

First, we analyzed how many and which programs were provided to 32,336 in-market HA users. Second, we explored 332,271 program selections from 1312 selected users to investigate the sound environments in which specific programs were used and whether such environments reflect the listening intent conveyed by the name of the used program. Our analysis was based on real-world longitudinal data logged by smartphone-connected HAs.

Results

In our sample, 57.71% (18,663/32,336) of the HA users had programs for specific listening situations, which is a higher proportion than previously reported, most likely because of the inclusion criteria. On the basis of association rule mining, we identified a primary additional listening program, Speech in Noise, which is frequent among users and often provided when other additional programs are also provided. We also identified 2 secondary additional programs (Comfort and Music), which are frequent among users who get ≥3 programs and usually provided in combination with Speech in Noise. In addition, 2 programs (TV and Remote Mic) were related to the use of external accessories and not found to be associated with other programs. On average, users selected Speech in Noise, Comfort, and Music in louder, noisier, and less-modulated (all P<.01) environments compared with the environment in which they selected the default program, General. The difference from the sound environment in which they selected General was significantly larger in the minutes following program selection than in the minutes preceding it.

Conclusions

This study provides a deeper insight into the provision of listening programs on a large scale and demonstrates that additional listening programs are used as intended and according to the sound environment conveyed by the program name.