bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia extends lifespan and neurological function in a mouse model of aging
Authors: Rogers Robert S. , Wang Hong , Durham Timothy J. , Stefely Jonathan A. , Owiti Norah A. , Markhard Andrew L. , Sandler Lev , To Tsz-Leung , Mootha Vamsi K.
Published: May 2023

There is widespread interest in identifying interventions that extend healthy lifespan. Chronic continuous hypoxia delays the onset of replicative senescence in cultured cells and extends lifespan in yeast, nematodes, and fruit flies. Here, we asked whether chronic continuous hypoxia is beneficial in mammalian aging. We utilized the Ercc1 Δ/- mouse model of accelerated aging given that these mice are born developmentally normal but exhibit anatomic, physiological, and biochemical features of aging across multiple organs. Importantly, they exhibit a shortened lifespan that is extended by dietary restriction, the most potent aging intervention across many organisms. We report that chronic continuous 11% oxygen commenced at 4 weeks of age extends lifespan by 50% and delays the onset of neurological debility in Ercc1 Δ/- mice. Chronic continuous hypoxia did not impact food intake and did not significantly affect markers of DNA damage or senescence, suggesting that hypoxia did not simply alleviate the proximal effects of the Ercc1 mutation, but rather acted downstream via unknown mechanisms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that “oxygen restriction” can extend lifespan in a mammalian model of aging.
Could secondary flows have made possible the cross-strait transport and explosive invasion of Rugulopteryx okamurae algae in the Strait of Gibraltar?
Authors: García-Lafuente Jesús , Nadal Irene , Sammartino Simone , Korbee Nathalie , Figueroa Félix L.
Published: May 2023

Presently, the Strait of Gibraltar is undergoing an unprecedented invasion of the alien algaRugulopteryx okamuraeof North Pacific origin. According to the scarce literature, the algae first settled in the south shore, probably following commercial exchanges with French ports where it was accidentally introduced together with Japanese oysters imported for mariculture. There is no certainty, however, that the algae first colonized the south shore of the Strait and, from there, spread to the north. It could well have been the opposite. Whatever the case, it spread all over the Strait and surrounding areas with amazing rapidity. Human-mediated vectors (algae attached to ship hulls or fishing nets, for example) can be behind the spread from the shore initially settled to the algae-free shore on the opposite side. But it could also have happened by means of hydrodynamic processes without direct human intervention. This possibility is assessed in this paper by revisiting historical current meter profiles collected in the Strait of Gibraltar searching for secondary cross-strait flows. All the stations present an intermediate layer of northward cross-strait velocity near the interface of the mean baroclinic exchange along with a surface layer above of southward velocity, whose lower part also overlaps the interface zone. The first one would back the south-to-north transport of algal fragments, the second one, the north-to south. In both cases, algae must reach the depth of the interface. The vertical velocity field in the area, which far exceeds the small sedimentation velocity of the algae, allows their vertical displacements throughout the water column. Its endurance to survive under the weak or no light conditions that will prevail during the cross-strait transport and its capability of reactivating the metabolism after this unfavorable period, offers chances for colonizing the opposite shore. Therefore, the propagation of the algae by hydrodynamic processes, without human intervention, cannot be ruled out.
Modeling the significance of dynamic capability on the performance of microfinance institutions
Authors: The Hery Verianto , Yang Marvello , Fazal Syed Ali , Maran  , Gao Jingzu , Yang Qing , Al Mamun Abdullah
Published: May 2023

According to strategic management theory, dynamic capability plays a significant role in enhancing organizational performance. Using a cross-sectional research design, the current study quantitatively assesses the mediating effect of dynamic capability on the relationships of total quality management, customer intellectual capital, and human resource management practice with the performance of microfinance institutions. An online survey involving 120 members of Induk Koperasi Kredit, a credit union association in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, is conducted. All the data are subjected to variance-based partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis. The obtained results demonstrate the significant and positive influence of total quality management and human resource management practice on dynamic capability. Furthermore, dynamic capability is found to mediate the relationship between total quality management and human resource management practice on the performance of microfinance institutions. However, this study is unable to conclude that total quality management and human resource management practice have any significant impact on the performance of microfinance institutions. Nonetheless, this study demonstrates the crucial need for microfinance institutions to enhance their management activities via dynamic capability to enhance performance. This is one of the earliest studies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic to examine the capabilities and performance of microfinance institutions in Indonesia. Notably, the performance of microfinance institutions can be further sustained by improving customers’ intellectual and dynamic capabilities.
Complications following surgeries for endometriosis: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Bahrami Foruzan , Maheux-Lacroix Sarah , Bougie Olga , Boutin Amélie
Published: May 2023

Background

Endometriosis is a common gynecological condition with a wide range of symptoms, including infertility, dyspareunia, intestinal disorders, and pelvic pain. Laparoscopy and laparotomy are used widely for diagnosing and managing endometriosis. We will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis with the aims of reporting complications rates following each type of surgeries for endometriosis and determinants of complications.

Method

We will search Medline (via PubMed), Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for both retrospective and prospective cohorts or trials of at least 30 participants reporting perioperative and postoperative complications for endometriosis surgeries. We will restrict the studies to those conducted after 2011, to be representative of current practices, and will exclude studies of surgeries for gynecological cancer, or other concomitant benign gynecologic surgeries such as myomectomy. Two reviewers will independently screen references and select eligible studies. A standardized form will be used to collect data related to the baseline characteristics, potential determinants of complications, types of interventions, and outcomes. Cumulative incidences of complications will be pooled using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects method. The relation between potential determinants and complications will be reported with risk ratios and their 95% of confidence intervals. Subgroup analysis of surgical approach, surgical procedure, superficial and deep infiltrating endometriosis, and the indication of surgery will be conducted. Sensitivity analyses restricted to studies with low risk of bias will be performed.

Discussion

This systematic review will provide information on the rates of complications for different surgical approaches and procedures for the treatment of endometriosis. It will contribute to inform patients when making decisions regarding their care. Identifying potential determinants of complications will also help to improve care by identifying women being at higher risk of complications.

Trial registration

Systematic review registration: CRD42021293865.
Self-efficacy and resilience as predictors of students’ academic motivation in online education
Authors: Abdolrezapour Parisa , Jahanbakhsh Ganjeh Sahar , Ghanbari Nasim
Published: May 2023

Motivation as a catalyst for human conduct has been associated with lots of variables. However, self-efficacy and resilience as two important components of the individuals’ psychological capital have not received enough scientific attention. This gets more significance considering the global COVID-19 pandemic with noticeable psychological consequences for the learners receiving online education. Hence, the current study proceeded to investigate the relationship between students’ self-efficacy, resilience, and academic motivation in online education. To this aim, a convenience sample of 120 university students coming from two state universities in south of Iran participated in an online survey. The questionnaires used in the survey included the self-efficacy questionnaire, resilience questionnaire, and academic motivation questionnaire. Pearson correlation and multiple regression statistical methods were applied to analyze the obtained data. The results pointed to a positive relationship between self-efficacy and academic motivation. In addition, those with a higher degree of resilience were found to experience higher academic motivation. Moreover, the results of multiple regression test revealed that self-efficacy and resilience can significantly predict the academic motivation of the students involved in an online mode of education. The research proposes a number of recommendations for developing the learners’ level of self-efficacy and resilience through enacting various pedagogical interventions. In this way, a heightened level of academic motivation would enhance EFL learners’ learning rate.
Competition for popularity and interventions on a Chinese microblogging site
Authors: Cui Hao , Kertész János
Published: May 2023

Microblogging sites are important vehicles for the users to obtain information and shape public opinion thus they are arenas of continuous competition for popularity. Most popular topics are usually indicated on ranking lists. In this study, we investigate the public attention dynamics through the Hot Search List (HSL) of the Chinese microblog Sina Weibo, where trending hashtags are ranked based on a multi-dimensional search volume index. We characterize the rank dynamics by the time spent by hashtags on the list, the time of the day they appear there, the rank diversity, and by the ranking trajectories. We show how the circadian rhythm affects the popularity of hashtags, and observe categories of their rank trajectories by a machine learning clustering algorithm. By analyzing patterns of ranking dynamics using various measures, we identify anomalies that are likely to result from the platform provider’s intervention into the ranking, including the anchoring of hashtags to certain ranks on the HSL. We propose a simple model of ranking that explains the mechanism of this anchoring effect. We found an over-representation of hashtags related to international politics at 3 out of 4 anchoring ranks on the HSL, indicating possible manipulations of public opinion.
Effects of adipocyte-conditioned cell culture media on S1P treatment of human triple-negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Wu Xiyuan , Wabitsch Martin , Yang Jian , Sakharkar Meena Kishore
Published: May 2023

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a potent sphingolipid metabolite that regulates a wide range of biological functions such as cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and angiogenesis. Its cellular level is elevated in breast cancer, which, in turn, would promote cancer cell proliferation, survival, growth and metastasis. However, the cellular concentration of S1P is normally in the low nanomolar range, and our previous studies showed that S1P selectively induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells at high concentrations (high nanomolar to low micromolar). Thus, local administration of high-concentration S1P alone or in combination of chemotherapy agents could be used to treat breast cancer. The breast mainly consists of mammary gland and connective tissue stroma (adipose), which are dynamically interacting each other. Thus, in the current study, we evaluated how normal adipocyte-conditioned cell culture media (AD-CM) and cancer-associated adipocyte-conditioned cell culture media (CAA-CM) would affect high-concentration S1P treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Both AD-CM and CAA-CM may suppress the anti-proliferative effect and reduce nuclear alteration/apoptosis caused by high-concentration S1P. This implicates that adipose tissue is likely to be detrimental to local high-concentration S1P treatment of TNBC. Because the interstitial concentration of S1P is about 10 times higher than its cellular level, we undertook a secretome analysis to understand how S1P would affect the secreted protein profile of differentiated SGBS adipocytes. At 100 nM S1P treatment, we identified 36 upregulated and 21 downregulated secretome genes. Most of these genes are involved in multiple biological processes. Further studies are warranted to identify the most important secretome targets of S1P in adipocytes and illustrate the mechanism on how these target proteins affect S1P treatment of TNBC.
Correlations between three ELISA protocols measurements of RTS,S/AS01-induced anti-CSP IgG antibodies
Authors: Mugo Robert M. , Orindi Benedict , Shee Faiz M. , Bellamy Duncan , Mwacharo Jedidah , Ewer Katie J. , Bejon Philip , Ndungu Francis M.
Published: May 2023

Background

RTS,S/AS01 induced anti-circumsporozoite protein (CSP) IgG antibodies are associated with the vaccine efficacy. There is currently no international standardisation of the assays used in the measurement of anti-CSP IgG antibody concentrations for use in evaluations of the vaccine’s immunogenicity and/or efficacy. Here, we compared the levels of RTS,S/AS01 induced anti-CSP IgG antibodies measured using three different enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assays (ELISA).

Methods

196 plasma samples were randomly selected from the 447 samples collected during the RTS,S/AS01 phase IIb trial in 2007 from Kenyan children aged between 5–17 months. The vaccine-induced anti-CSP IgG antibodies were then measured using two independently developed ELISA protocols (‘Kilifi-RTS,S’ and ‘Oxford-R21’) and compared to the results from the reference ‘Ghent-RTS,S’ protocol for the same participants. For each pair of protocols, a deming regression model was fitted. Linear equations were then derived to aid in conversions into equivalent ELISA units. The agreement was assessed using Bland and Altman method.

Findings

The anti-CSP IgG antibodies measured from the three ELISA protocols were in agreement, and were positively and linearly correlated; ‘Oxford’ and ‘Kilifi’ r = 0.93 (95% CI 0.91–0.95), ‘Oxford’ and ‘Ghent’ r = 0.94 (95% CI: 0.92–0.96), and ‘Kilifi’ and ‘Ghent’ r = 0.97 (95% CI: 0.96–0.98), p<0.0001 for all correlations.

Conclusions

With the linearity, agreement and correlations established between the assays, conversion equations can be applied to convert results into equivalent units, enabling comparisons of immunogenicities across different vaccines of the same CSP antigens. This study highlights the need for the international harmonisation of anti-CSP antibody measurements.
Differences in the 3’ intergenic region and the V2 protein of two sequence variants of tomato curly stunt virus play an important role in disease pathology in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Zwolinski Alexander M. , Brigden Alison , Rey Marie E. C.
Published: May 2023

Tomato production in South Africa is threatened by the emergence of tomato curly stunt virus (ToCSV), a monopartite Begomovirus transmitted by the whitefly vector Bemisia tabaci (Genn.). We investigated the role of sequence differences present in the 3’ intergenic region (IR) and the V2 coding region on the differing infectivity of ToCSV sequence variant isolates V30 and V22 in the model host Nicotiana benthamiana. Using virus mutant chimeras, we determined that the development of the upward leaf roll symptom phenotype is mediated by sequence differences present in the 3’ IR containing the TATA-associated composite element. Sequence differences present in the V2 coding region are responsible for modulating disease severity and symptom recovery in V22-infected plants. Serine substitution of V22 V2 Val27 resulted in a significant increase in disease severity with reduced recovery, the first study to demonstrate the importance of this V2 residue in disease development. Two putative ORFs, C5 and C6, were identified using in silico analysis and detection of an RNA transcript spanning their coding region suggests that these ORFs may be transcribed during infection. Additional virus-derived RNA transcripts spanning multiple ORFs and crossing the boundaries of recognised polycistronic transcripts, as well as the origin of replication within the IR, were detected in ToCSV-infected plants providing evidence of bidirectional readthrough transcription. From our results, we conclude that the diverse responses of the model host to ToCSV infection is influenced by select sequence differences and our findings provide several avenues for further investigation into the mechanisms behind these responses to infection.
Cultivating socially responsible and ethical chartered accountant business leaders: A citizenship pedagogical framework grounded in the local and the global
Authors: Williams Badrunessa , Terblanche Judith
Published: May 2023

Chartered accountant educators and accounting students at a historically disadvantaged institution (HDI) in South Africa explored concepts of responsible decision-making and leadership, social justice and the effect of decisions on local and global communities and the environment within the business context. The workshop was grounded on the global, focusing on sustainable human and planetary well-being and the local, centring on the notion of ubuntu. Specifically, this workshop was framed in line with the notion of glo-ubuntu as an extension of global citizenship education (GCE). The workshop’s purpose was to create a space for students to engage with the consequences of business leaders’ decisions critically. This was to be achieved by drawing on their embodied knowledge and nurturing, as future business leaders, social awareness of the need for decisions that are just – towards social cohesion, restorative justice and planetary well-being through sustainable businesses.
Teaching Global Citizenship: A Canadian Perspective, Lloyd Kornelsen, Geraldine Balzer and Karen M. Magro (Eds) (2020)
Authors: da Costa Marta
Published: May 2023

Review of: Teaching Global Citizenship: A Canadian Perspective, Lloyd Kornelsen, Geraldine Balzer and Karen M. Magro (Eds) (2020)

Toronto and Vancouver: Canadian Scholars’ Press, 228 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-77338-198-5, p/bk, £34.55
Goudvishal DIY or DIE! Punk in Arnhem 1977–1990, Marcel Stol and Henk Wentink (eds)
Authors: Bull Greg
Published: May 2023

Review of: Goudvishal DIY or DIE! Punk in Arnhem 1977–1990, Marcel Stol and Henk Wentink (eds)

Ticehurst: Earth Island Books, 520 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-73979-557-3, p/bk, £24.99
Uso de videos como material complementario en la enseñanza de la Otorrinolaringología
Authors: Morales-Puebla José Manuel , Gómez-Camacho Helena , Gavilán Javier , Lassaletta Luis
Published: May 2023

Introducción y objetivo: Los videos, como material didáctico complementario, pueden reemplazar parte de las horas de docencia y ayudar en la adquisición de conocimientos en Otorrinolaringología.  Para ello se pretende analizar el impacto de la visualización de 4 videos en el resultado de 6 preguntas específicas del examen teórico de la asignatura y evaluar la percepción de estos videos.

Método: Estudio analítico cuasi experimental transversal realizado en 213 estudiantes de Otorrinolaringología de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid divididos en 2 grupos: grupo intervención y grupo control. Las diferencias en el rendimiento en las 6 preguntas entre ambos grupos se determinaron mediante la prueba χ² o el test exacto de Fisher, con un valor de significación p<0.05. Además, para evaluar la percepción de los estudiantes se revisaron las opiniones registradas en los cuadernos de rotación hospitalaria.

Resultados: Los videos tuvieron 883 visualizaciones al momento del análisis de los datos y la mayoría de opiniones fueron positivas (94.87%). Se observaron diferencias significativas (p<0.01) en el resultado de los estudiantes en dos preguntas: “oído 1” (27.78% de aciertos en el grupo intervención vs. 7.50% en el grupo control) y “cuello 2” (38.89% vs. 81.80%). La mayoría de los comentarios sobre los videos (94.87%) fueron positivos.

Discusión y conclusiones: no se pudo demostrar un impacto directo en los resultados académicos pero el fácil acceso a los videos y los comentarios positivos sobre estos evidenciaron su utilidad como una herramienta complementaria para la enseñanza de la asignatura.
Splenic Subcapsular Hematoma After Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Boustany Antoine , Kassab Joseph , Ramahi Noor , Onwuzo Somtochukwu , Acar Philippe , Asaad Imad
Published: May 2023

The complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are numerous and mainly intraluminal. We present a unique case of a patient who developed splenic hematoma after ERCP. A 41-year-old woman was hospitalized for evaluation of chronic abdominal pain, for which she underwent an ERCP. The next day, the patient developed hemorrhagic shock. She was found to have a large ruptured subcapsular splenic bleed. Splenic artery embolization was performed, and the patient was stabilized. In conclusion, a high index of suspicion should be kept when managing patients presenting with unstable vital signs and/or acute anemia after ERCP.
CASE STUDY ON THE LARGE DIAMETER PIPE JACKING FOR UTILITY TUNNEL
Authors: Li Yongfeng , Liu Guoqiang , Liu Jian , Huang Jing , Tian Fang , Liu Fan
Published: May 2023

Pipe jacking have been widely used in utility tunnel constructions as an environment-friendly method in China. This study is focus on the critical technologies used in the pipe jacking for the utility tunnel in Huanggang Mingzhu road. The inner and outer diameter of this utility tunnel are 4m and 4.8m respectively, which is the largest circular pipe jacking project in China at present. This utility tunnel is designed under the urban main road with a heavy traffic, so the control accuracy of pipe jacking construction is required to be high. According to the characteristics of the project and actual construction technical measures, the key construction technologies including pipe jacking equipment, launching of small spacing, slurry circulating, the drag reduction technology, and the control of surface settlement are discussed in this paper. Meanwhile, the jacking force and ground settlement during pipe jacking construction are monitored. The results show that the selected pipe jacking machine has good adaptability to the geological conditions of the project. The actual jacking force is much smaller than the theoretical value, and the two intermediate jacking stations are not activated. In addition, the road surface deformation is -8–5mm during the whole process of pipe jacking construction, which has no impact on surface traffic.
RESEARCH AND APPLICATION OF U-BIT CONSTRUCTION METHOD IN SUBWAY STATION ENGINEERING LOCATED IN SATURATED SOFT SOIL AREA
Authors: Guo Yan , Zhu Yanfei , Pan Weiqiang , Jin Ye
Published: May 2023

In order to solve the problems existing in the construction of underground structures located in the downtown of saturated soft soil area, such as insufficient construction site, complex adjacent structures and great impact on the surrounding environment, the construction method of underground bundled integrate tunnel(U-BIT) is proposed. In this method, after steel pipes jacking completed, concrete is filled into the pipes, and prestress is tensioned to make each independent pipe combined to form a whole bearing structure, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the size of structural components, improving the structural stiffness and bearing capacity. Based on the structural mechanical properties test and the project of Wuding Road Station of Shanghai Metro Line 14, the failure mechanism of bundled integrate structure, the tension technology of prestressed tendons in narrow space and the variation rules of ground surface subsidence are systematically studied. The research shows that structural seam sections will be destroyed before pipe sections, so ensuring the mechanical performance of seam sections is very important to make sure the structural safety. Since each independent pipe is combined to form an overall stable structure under the prestress effect, the subsequent soil excavation has little influence on the tension of prestressed tendons and ground surface deformation. Therefore, the above construction method can control the ground surface subsidence effectively and reduce the influence of underground engineering construction on the surrounding environment.
A Cloud-Based Urban Monitoring System by Using a Quadcopter and Intelligent Learning Techniques
Authors: Khanmohammadi Sohrab , Samadi Mohammad
Published: May 2023

The application of quadcopter and intelligent learning techniques in urban monitoring systems can improve the flexibility and efficiency features. This paper proposes a cloud-based urban monitoring system that uses deep learning, fuzzy system, image processing, pattern recognition, and Bayesian network. Main objectives of this system are to monitor the climate status, temperature, humidity, and smoke as well as to detect the fire occurrences based on the above intelligent techniques. The quadcopter transmits sensing data of the temperature, humidity, and smoke sensors, geographical coordinates, image frames, and videos to a control station via RF communications. In the control station side, the monitoring capabilities are designed by graphical tools to show urban areas with RGB colors according to the pre-determined data ranges. The evaluation process illustrates simulation results of the deep neural network applied to climate status, effects of the sensors’ data changes on climate status. An illustrative example is used to draw the simulated area by RGB colors. Furthermore, circuit of the quadcopter side is designed using electric devices.
Factors in the differentiation of regional mortality in developed countries
Authors: Pachlová Tereza
Published: May 2023

The aim of this article is to discuss factors that influence the distribution and differences in mortality between both regions and subpopulations in developed countries. The article provides an outline of basic theories that attempt to explain socioeconomic differences in mortality. A range of socioeconomic factors is analysed from both the micro-level and macro-level perspectives. Based on the study of the relevant literature, it was determined that more privileged groups enjoy better health and longer lives. A strong association between socioeconomic factors and total mortality and mortality by the cause of death was revealed at both the individual and aggregated levels. The relationship between socioeconomic variables and health status and mortality is explained via various mechanisms through which this association arises. Socioeconomic variables that act to influence health status and mortality have been shown to be strongly interrelated. These factors, in turn, impact the lifestyle and psychological state of individuals. Existing socioeconomic health and mortality determinants represent one of the main problems and challenges for the public health sectors in both more and less developed countries.
Sanitation strategies for reducing open defecation in rural areas of India and Ethiopia
Authors: Humňalová Helena , Ficek František
Published: May 2023

Sanitation change continues to be on the forefront of the global development agenda, even as it is becoming clear that the targets established in the Sustainable Development Goals will not be met. But since improving access to safely managed sanitation facilities remains a cost-effective and impactful measure to improve people’s lives, it is still important to assess currently implemented policies to be able to learn from best practices and to understand how different approaches work under different contexts. This paper provides comparative analysis of country-level policies in India and Ethiopia, two countries that achieved notable progress in eliminating open defecation through distinct sanitation strategies, with the aim of confronting the advantages and disadvantages of both approaches. While in India the primary emphasis has been on the supply-side, i.e., provision of subsidized sanitation infrastructure, Ethiopian strategy prioritized the demand-side by addressing change in sanitation behavior through Community Total Led Sanitation. The analysis shows that neither of the strategies can fully achieve the sanitation change and a combination of both seems to be the most impactful approach in combating open defecation. It also argues that policymakers must consider not only local socioeconomic and budgetary constraints but also historical, institutional, sociocultural, and geographical specifics in deciding what type of subsidies would be the most fitting. At the same time, they also need to address the appropriate social norms to achieve the desirable change in sanitation behavior.
Review on Chinese and International Research About Transition to School
Authors: Cui Shujing
Published: May 2023

Transition to school lays the foundation for development of children throughout the school year. It is a research topic of interest across many countries including China. Extant reviews on transition to school mainly addressed international research written in English, however, the major foci and research findings of Chinese research were not included. This review included 131 international studies and 113 Chinese studies on school readiness and transition to school, from 1999 to 2021, to identify major foci and findings of both international and Chinese research on this topic. A considerable of overlap of foci and consistent findings between international and Chinese transition research were found in this review. The unique focus of Chinese research on psychological pressure of children in transition to school and its implication were discussed. Differences of methods adopted in international and Chinese studies were identified. Conclusions about the trends and future research directions are presented.
Novel risk prediction models for deep vein thrombosis after thoracotomy and thoracoscopic lung cancer resections, involving coagulation and immune function
Authors: Li Jianhua , Zhang Futao , Lan Xinyan , Li Feifei , Tan Chunrui , Cao Wangkai
Published: May 2023

Graphical abstract
AI-writing tools in education: if you can’t beat them, join them
Authors: Tseng Waverly , Warschauer Mark
Published: May 2023

The release and rapid diffusion of ChatGPT has forced teachers and researchers around the world to grapple with the consequences of artificial intelligence (AI) for education. For second language educators, AI-generated writing tools such as ChatGPT present special challenges that must be addressed to better support learners. We propose a five-part pedagogical framework that seeks to support second language learners through acknowledging both the immediate and long-term contexts in which we must teach students about these tools: understand, access, prompt, corroborate, and incorporate. By teaching our students how to effectively partner with AI, we can better prepare them for the changing landscape of technology use in the world beyond the classroom.
Performance evaluation of cobas pure integrated solutions at multiple sites in Europe and Asia
Authors: Baum Hannsjörg , Chun Sail , Findeisen Peter , Fleurkens Hans , Gu Hyunjung , Hong Jinyoung , Prévôt Franziska , Radziszewski Dawid , Rossier Michel F. , Vogt Nico , Furrer Jan , Klopprogge Kai , Schneider-Thauern Christian
Published: May 2023

Objectives

We evaluated analytical performance, functionality, reliability, and comparability of cobas® pure integrated solutions (Roche Diagnostics) under routine-like conditions.

Methods

The study was conducted in Europe and Asia (five sites). Seventy-six applications covering ion selective electrolytes (ISE), clinical chemistry (CC), and immunochemistry (IC) analytes were assessed using Elecsys® immunochemistry assays (Roche Diagnostics). Samples included control material and pseudonymized residual samples (plasma/serum/urine). Analytical performance, functionality, and system reliability were evaluated. An inter-laboratory survey, routine simulation imprecision (RSI) and method comparison experiments, and dedicated workflow runs were conducted.

Results

Most coefficients of variation (CVs) for repeatability were <1 % for ISE, ≤2 % for CC, and <2.5 % for IC assays; for intermediate precision were ≤2 % for ISE and CC, and <2.5 % for IC assays; and for reproducibility were ≤3 % for ISE and CC, and <2.5 % for IC assays. Most RSI reference (94 %) and random part (93 %) CVs were ≤2 %; 99 % of runs completed without system-related interruption. 218 method comparisons generated median Passing–Bablok slope of 1.00, median bias at the medical decision point of −0.1 %, and median Pearson’s r of 0.998.

Conclusions

cobas pure integrated solutions demonstrated precise and accurate results under routine-like conditions and comparable results vs. commercial analyzers, supporting implementation into routine practice.
Dissociable Neural Correlates of Multisensory Coherence and Selective Attention
Authors: Peng Fei , Bizley Jennifer K. , Schnupp Jan W. , Auksztulewicz Ryszard
Published: May 2023

Previous work has demonstrated that performance in an auditory selective attention task can be enhanced or impaired, depending on whether a task-irrelevant visual stimulus is temporally coherent with a target auditory stream or with a competing distractor. However, it remains unclear how audiovisual (AV) temporal coherence and auditory selective attention interact at the neurophysiological level. Here, we measured neural activity using EEG while human participants (men and women) performed an auditory selective attention task, detecting deviants in a target audio stream. The amplitude envelope of the two competing auditory streams changed independently, while the radius of a visual disk was manipulated to control the AV coherence. Analysis of the neural responses to the sound envelope demonstrated that auditory responses were enhanced largely independently of the attentional condition: both target and masker stream responses were enhanced when temporally coherent with the visual stimulus. In contrast, attention enhanced the event-related response evoked by the transient deviants, largely independently of AV coherence. These results provide evidence for dissociable neural signatures of bottom-up (coherence) and top-down (attention) effects in AV object formation.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTemporal coherence between auditory stimuli and task-irrelevant visual stimuli can enhance behavioral performance in auditory selective attention tasks. However, how audiovisual temporal coherence and attention interact at the neural level has not been established. Here, we measured EEG during a behavioral task designed to independently manipulate audiovisual coherence and auditory selective attention. While some auditory features (sound envelope) could be coherent with visual stimuli, other features (timbre) were independent of visual stimuli. We find that audiovisual integration can be observed independently of attention for sound envelopes temporally coherent with visual stimuli, while the neural responses to unexpected timbre changes are most strongly modulated by attention. Our results provide evidence for dissociable neural mechanisms of bottom-up (coherence) and top-down (attention) effects on audiovisual object formation.
Auditory Deprivation during Development Alters Efferent Neural Feedback and Perception
Authors: Mishra Srikanta K. , Moore David R.
Published: May 2023

Auditory experience plays a critical role in hearing development. Developmental auditory deprivation because of otitis media, a common childhood disease, produces long-standing changes in the central auditory system, even after the middle ear pathology is resolved. The effects of sound deprivation because of otitis media have been mostly studied in the ascending auditory system but remain to be examined in the descending pathway that runs from the auditory cortex to the cochlea via the brainstem. Alterations in the efferent neural system could be important because the descending olivocochlear pathway influences the neural representation of transient sounds in noise in the afferent auditory system and is thought to be involved in auditory learning. Here, we show that the inhibitory strength of the medial olivocochlear efferents is weaker in children with a documented history of otitis media relative to controls; both boys and girls were included in the study. In addition, children with otitis media history required a higher signal-to-noise ratio on a sentence-in-noise recognition task than controls to achieve the same criterion performance level. Poorer speech-in-noise recognition, a hallmark of impaired central auditory processing, was related to efferent inhibition, and could not be attributed to the middle ear or cochlear mechanics.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOtitis media is the second most common reason children go to the doctor. Previously, degraded auditory experience because of otitis media has been associated with reorganized ascending neural pathways, even after middle ear pathology resolved. Here, we show that altered afferent auditory input because of otitis media during childhood is also associated with long-lasting reduced descending neural pathway function and poorer speech-in-noise recognition. These novel, efferent findings may be important for the detection and treatment of childhood otitis media.
Banished Men: How Migrants Endure the Violence of Deportation
Authors: Andrews Abigail
Published: May 2023

What becomes of men the U.S. locks up and kicks out? From 2009 to 2020, the U.S. deported more than five million people—over 90 percent of them men. In Banished Men, Abigail Andrews and her students tell 186 of their stories. How, they ask, does expulsion shape men’s lives and sense of themselves? The book uncovers a harrowing carceral system that weaves together policing, prison, detention, removal, and border militarization to undermine migrants as men. Guards and gangs beat them down, till they feel like cockroaches, pigs, or dogs. Many lose ties with family. They do not go “home.” Instead, they end up in limbo: stripped of their very humanity. Against the odds, they fight for new ways to belong. At once devastating and humane, Banished Men offers a clear-eyed critique of the violence of deportation.
How Hip Hop Became Hit Pop: Radio, Rap, and Race
Authors: Coddington Amy
Published: May 2023

How Hip Hop Became Hit Pop examines the programming practices at commercial radio stations in the 1980s and early 1990s to uncover how the radio industry facilitated hip hop’s introduction into the musical mainstream. Constructed primarily by the Top 40 radio format, the musical mainstream featured mostly white artists for mostly white audiences. With the introduction of hip hop to these programs, the radio industry was fundamentally altered, as stations struggled to incorporate the genre’s diverse audience. At the same time, as artists negotiated expanding audiences and industry pressure to make songs fit within the confines of radio formats, the sound of hip hop changed. Drawing from archival research, Amy Coddington shows how the racial structuring of the radio industry influenced the way hip hop was sold to the American public, and how the genre’s growing popularity transformed ideas about who constitutes the mainstream.
Political Moods: Film Melodrama and the Cold War in the Two Koreas
Authors: Workman Travis
Published: May 2023

Melodrama films dominated the North and South Korean industries in the period between liberation from Japanese colonial rule in 1945 and the hardening of dictatorship in the 1970s. The films of each industry are often read as direct reflections of Cold War and Korean War political ideologies and national historical experiences, and therefore as aesthetically and politically opposed. However, Political Moods develops a comparative analysis across the Cold War divide, analyzing how films in both North and South Korea convey political and moral ideas through the sentimentality of the melodramatic mode. Travis Workman reveals that the melancholic moods of film melodrama express the somatic and social conflicts between political ideologies and excesses of affect, meaning, and historical references. These moods dramatize the tension between the language of Cold War politics and the negative affects that connect cinema to what it cannot fully represent. The result is a new way of historicizing the cinema of the two Koreas in relation to colonialism, postcolonialism, war, and nation building.
Analisis Validasi Image PNG File Upload menggunakan Metadata pada Aplikasi Berbasis Web
Authors: Anwar Fahmi , Fadlil Abdul , Riadi Imam
Published: May 2023

Penggunaan Website pada zaman sekarang sedang berkembang pesat, berbagai jenis aplikasi, layanan dari swasta sampai pemerintah banyak menggunakan website sebagai media interaksi antar berbagai platform. Biasanya saat mengunggah berkas pada website, sistem melakukan validasi dengan menyaring jenis berkas objek digital di server side (backend) atau dalam halaman website pada web browser dalam bentuk HTML atau Javascript (frontend) dengan memanfaatkan penyaringan File Signature atau Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME), File Extention dan File Size pada setiap berkas yang diunggah tanpa mengecek isi kontennya sehingga berkas digital object yang corrupt  atau yang disisipi selain gambar dapat diproses dalam fitur unggahan. Faktor keamanan sangatlah penting dikarenakan pada zaman yang semakin berkembang banyak sistem yang berupa digital. Ancaman serangan terhadap berbagai jenis sistem yang berbentuk digital atau  server  juga  ikut  berkembang, maka diperlukan sebuah penanganan  terhadap ancaman atau serangan pada server dengan celah fitur unggahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti teknik validasi PNG yang tidak hanya mengecek MIME, File Extention dan File Size tetapi memanfaatkan juga Metadata PNG dan nilai warna RGBA (Red, Green, Blue, Alpha) pada setiap pixel dengan Metode Pengembangan menggunakan Extreme Programming (XP). Hasil penelitian dengan sampel 10 gambar berisi metadata dan 10 gambar yang tidak berisi metadata dapat mengecek validasi secara khusus unggahan gambar pada PNG File dengan menyaring secara khusus sesuai keunikan dari file gambar yaitu mempunyai panjang dan lebar pada metadatanya yang harus tersedia (Width, Height, Bits, Mime) serta RGBA (Red, Green, Blue, Alpha) pada setiap piksel sesuai dengan panjang dan lebar sebuah gambar PNG.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Kepemilikan Karyawan Tetap Di PT Surya Air Menggunakan Metode SAW
Authors: Alexandrio Boby , Susanti Aria Indah , Aflaha Dwi Sari Ida
Published: May 2023

PT Surya Air merupakan perusahaan penyewaan helikopter yang menawarkan kualitas layanan udara yang terbaik seperti penerbangan eksekutif VIP menghadiri pertemuan atau konferensi bisnis yang mempunyai visi menjadi perusahaan penerbangan terpercaya dan andal.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memahami tentang penilaian pada beberapa kriteria penetapan karyawan tetap, mengetahui penggunaan metode SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) pada proses penetapan karyawan tetap, dan untuk mengetahui konsep dan skema penggunaan metode SAW pada sistem pendukung keputusan penetapan calon karyawan sebagai karyawan tetap. Proses dimulai melalui perhitungan dengan menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan Microsoft Word hingga perancangan aplikasi dan implementasi sistem pada aplikasi pengangkatan karyawan kontrak menjadi karyawan tetap. Aplikasi dibuat dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan database menggunakan MySQL, XAMPP.  Aplikasi dibuat dengan menggunakan PHP dan MySQL, XAMPP sebagai database. Penggunaan metode SAW pada sistem pendukung keputusan untuk penetapan calon karyawan tetap ini dirancang sebagai sistem komputerisasi.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan SAW pada penetapan calon karyawan tetap karyawan menjadi lebih mudah karena dalam melakukan aktivitas penilaian sudah berbasis komputer yang dilakukan di dalam program yang terintegrasi. Selain itu, sistem penilaian karyawan di PT. Surya Air menjadi lebih efektif dan efisien karena mampu mempersingkat waktu, mengurangi risiko kehilangan data, dan meminimalkan faktor human error.
Optimalisasi Directory System sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Manajemen Data Kerja Sama Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni, Universitas Negeri Semarang
Authors: Seinsiani Izzati Gemi , Widagdo Sungging , Pratama Alif Putra
Published: May 2023

Dalam suatu organisasi, pengelolaan data merupakan hal yang harus dipersiapkan dengan baik dalam upaya meningkatkan efektifitas kinerja di organisasi tersebut. Gugus Kerja Sama Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni, Universitas Negeri Semarang memiliki tugas untuk mengarsipkan dokumenâ€“dokumen terkait pelaksanaan kerjasama di lingkungan Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni (FBS), Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) dari setiap program studi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan directory system untuk mengelola data kerja sama di FBS UNNES. Dalam penelitian ini, langkah â€“ langkah yang akan dilakukan adalah mengamati cara penyimpanan data kerja sama yang dilakukan oleh pengelola program studi di setiap jurusan, melakukan wawacara dengan pengelola jurusan, menggunakan pertanyaan yang sama pada kuesioner, Focus Group Discussion, serta mengumpulkan dokumen dari setiap jurusan yang ada di Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni. Selanjutnya dokumen tersebut akan diarsipkan dalam bentuk digital yang akan bisa diakses oleh semua pihak yang membutuhkan. Sistem penyimpanan digital yang akan digunakan adalah dengan mengoptimalkan layanan public cloud yang tersedia.
Pengembangan Video Pembelajaran Pembuatan Virtual Reality Fashion Pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan
Authors: Purnawirawan Okta , Elmunsyah Hakkun , Kustono Djoko
Published: May 2023

Pada era revolusi industri 4.0 digitalisasi berkembang berdampak pada industri-industri dalam bidang fashion. Adanya perkembangan tersebut maka menyebabkan peserta didik di SMK Kompetensi Keahlian Tata Busana mulai diperkenalkan menggunakan software aplikasi dalam membuat produk desain digital. Guru produktif tata busana pada saat ini harus bisa menerapkan konsep virtual reality fashion dengan memanfaatkan software aplikasi sebagai media pembelajaran dalam mengajarkan peserta didik untuk membuat desain berbasis digital. Akan tetapi permasalahan yang ada yaitu masih kurangnya media pembelajaran seperti video tutorial, buku pendamping, dan modul sebagai pendukungnya. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukannya pengembangan media pembelajaran video tutorial dalam membuat virtual reality fashion. Tahapan proses pengembangan media pembelajaran menggunakan metode penelitian R&D dengan mengadaptasi model penelitian dan pengembangan ADDIE yang meliputi lima tahap pengembangan yaitu analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation. Hasil dari pengembangan video pembelajaran pembuatan virtual reality fashion dinyatakan sangat layak dengan skor masing-masing yaitu 4,71 dan 4,82, rata-rata skor keseluruhan yaitu 95% dengan kategori sangat layak. Tingkat Efektifan video pembelajaran sebesar 77%. Hasil pengembangan video pembelajaran pembuatan virtual reality fashion mempermudah siswa dalam membuat desain berbasis digital.