bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The transcription factor complex LMO2/TAL1 regulates branching and endothelial cell migration in sprouting angiogenesis
Authors: Yamada Yoshihiro , Zhong Yi , Miki Shiho , Taura Akiko , Rabbitts Terence H.
Published: May 2022

The transcription factor complex, consisting of LMO2, TAL1 or LYL1, and GATA2, plays an important role in capillary sprouting by regulating VEGFR2, DLL4, and angiopoietin 2 in tip cells. Overexpression of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor LYL1 in transgenic mice results in shortened tails. This phenotype is associated with vessel hyperbranching and a relative paucity of straight vessels due to DLL4 downregulation in tip cells by forming aberrant complex consisting of LMO2 and LYL1. Knockdown of LMO2 or TAL1 inhibits capillary sprouting in spheroid-based angiogenesis assays, which is associated with decreased angiopoietin 2 secretion. In the same assay using mixed TAL1- and LYL1-expressing endothelial cells, TAL1 was found to be primarily located in tip cells, while LYL1-expressing cells tended to occupy the stalk position in sprouts by upregulating VEGFR1 than TAL1. Thus, the interaction between LMO2 and TAL1 in tip cells plays a key role in angiogenic switch of sprouting angiogenesis.
Multimorbidity is associated with the income, education, employment and health domains of area-level deprivation in adult residents in the UK
Authors: Knies Gundi , Kumari Meena
Published: May 2022

Evidence suggests that there are social inequalities in multimorbidity, with a recent review indicating that area levels of deprivation are consistently associated with greater levels of multimorbidity. Definitions of multimorbidity, the most common of which is the co-occurrence of more than one long term condition, can include long term physical conditions, mental health conditions or both. The most commonly used measure of deprivation in England and Wales is the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), an index of seven different deprivation domains. It is unclear which features of IMD may be mediating associations with multimorbidity. Thus, there may be associations because of the individual characteristics of those living in deprived areas, characteristics of the areas themselves or overlap in definitions. Data from over 25,000 participants (aged 16+) ofUnderstanding Society(Wave 10, 1/2018–3/2020) were used to understand the most salient features of multimorbidity associated with IMD and whether physical or mental conditions are differentially associated with the seven domains of IMD. 24% of participants report multimorbidity. There is an increased prevalence of multimorbidity composed of only long-term physical conditions in the most deprived decile of deprivation (22%, 95% CI[19,25]) compared to the least deprived decile (16%, 95% CI[14,18]). Mental health symptoms but not reporting of conditions vary by decile of IMD. Associations with multimorbidity are limited to the health, income, education and employment domains of IMD. We conclude that multimorbidity represents a substantial population burden, particularly in the most deprived areas in England and Wales.
Brønsted acidity in zeolites measured by deprotonation energy
Authors: Trachta Michal , Bulánek Roman , Bludský Ota , Rubeš Miroslav
Published: May 2022

Acid forms of zeolites have been used in industry for several decades but scaling the strength of their acid centers is still an unresolved and intensely debated issue. In this paper, the Brønsted acidity strength in aluminosilicates measured by their deprotonation energy (DPE) was investigated for FAU, CHA, IFR, MOR, FER, MFI, and TON zeolites by means of periodic and cluster calculations at the density functional theory (DFT) level. The main drawback of the periodic DFT is that it does not provide reliable absolute values due to spurious errors associated with the background charge introduced in anion energy calculations. To alleviate this problem, we employed a novel approach to cluster generation to obtain accurate values of DPE. The cluster models up to 150 T atoms for the most stable Brønsted acid sites were constructed on spheres of increasing diameter as an extension of Harrison’s approach to calculating Madelung constants. The averaging of DPE for clusters generated this way provides a robust estimate of DPE for investigated zeolites despite slow convergence with the cluster size. The accuracy of the cluster approach was further improved by a scaled electrostatic embedding scheme proposed in this work. The electrostatic embedding model yields the most reliable values with the average deprotonation energy of about 1245 ± 9 kJ·mol−1 for investigated acidic zeolites. The cluster calculations strongly indicate a correlation between the deprotonation energy and the zeolite framework density. The DPE results obtained with our electrostatic embedding model are highly consistent with the previously reported QM/MM and periodic calculations.
Reconfigurable fiber-to-waveguide coupling module enabled by phase-change material incorporated switchable directional couplers
Authors: Bhandari Bishal , Lee Sang-Shin
Published: May 2022

In silicon photonics, grating-assisted fiber-to-waveguide couplers provide out-of-plane coupling to facilitate wafer-level testing; however, their limited bandwidth and efficiency restrict their use in broadband applications. Alternatively, end-fire couplers overcome these constraints but require a dicing process prior usage, which makes them unsuitable for wafer-level testing. To address this trade-off, a reconfigurable fiber-to-waveguide coupling module is proposed and designed to allow for both grating-assisted and end-fire coupling in the same photonic circuit. The proposed module deploys a switchable directional coupler incorporating a thin layer of phase-change material, whose state is initially amorphous to render the coupler activated and hence facilitate grating-assisted coupling for wafer-level testing. The state can be altered into crystalline through a low-temperature annealing process to deactivate the directional coupler, thus facilitating broadband chip-level coupling through end-fire couplers. All the components encompassing conjoined switchable directional couplers as well as the grating and end-fire couplers were individually designed through rigorous simulations. They were subsequently assembled to establish the proposed reconfigurable coupling module, which was simulated and analyzed to validate the selective coupling operation. The proposed module gives rise to a low excess loss below 1.2 dB and a high extinction ratio over 13 dB throughout the C-band, when operating either under grating-assisted or end-fire input. The proposed reconfigurable coupling module is anticipated to be a practical solution for flexibly expediting the inspection of integrated photonic circuits on a wafer scale.
Progressive compressive sensing of large images with multiscale deep learning reconstruction
Authors: Kravets Vladislav , Stern Adrian
Published: May 2022

Compressive sensing (CS) is a sub-Nyquist sampling framework that has been employed to improve the performance of numerous imaging applications during the last 15 years. Yet, its application for large and high-resolution imaging remains challenging in terms of the computation and acquisition effort involved. Often, low-resolution imaging is sufficient for most of the considered tasks and only a fraction of cases demand high resolution, but the problem is that the user does not know in advance when high-resolution acquisition is required. To address this, we propose a multiscale progressive CS method for the high-resolution imaging. The progressive sampling refines the resolution of the image, while incorporating the already sampled low-resolution information, making the process highly efficient. Moreover, the multiscale property of the progressively sensed samples is capitalized for a fast, deep learning (DL) reconstruction, otherwise infeasible due to practical limitations of training on high-resolution images. The progressive CS and the multiscale reconstruction method are analyzed numerically and demonstrated experimentally with a single pixel camera imaging system. We demonstrate 4-megapixel size progressive compressive imaging with about half the overall number of samples, more than an order of magnitude faster reconstruction, and improved reconstruction quality compared to alternative conventional CS approaches.
Biliverdin regulates NR2E3 and zebrafish retinal photoreceptor development
Authors: Connor Blaine , Titialii-Torres Kayla , Rockenhaus Abigail E. , Passamonte Samuel , Morris Ann C. , Lee Young-Sam
Published: May 2022

NR2E3 is an orphan nuclear receptor whose loss-of-function causes abnormal retinal photoreceptor development and degeneration. However, despite that many nuclear receptors are regulated by binding of small molecule ligands, biological small molecule ligands regulating NR2E3 have not been identified. Identification of an endogenous NR2E3 ligand might reveal a previously unrecognized component contributing to retinal development and maintenance. Here we report that biliverdin, a conserved green pigment from heme catabolism, regulates NR2E3 and is necessary for zebrafish retinal photoreceptor development. Biliverdin from retinal extracts specifically bound to NR2E3’s ligand-binding domain and induced NR2E3-dependent reporter gene expression. Inhibition of biliverdin synthesis decreased photoreceptor cell populations in zebrafish larvae, and this phenotype was alleviated by exogenously supplied biliverdin. Thus, biliverdin is an endogenous small molecule ligand for NR2E3 and a component necessary for the proper development of photoreceptor cells. This result suggests a possible role of heme metabolism in the regulation of retinal photoreceptor cell development.
Reactions of Borate Glasses in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Brow Richard K.
Published: May 2022

Borate glasses are used for a variety of biomedical applications that depend on the controlled release of species from the glass to the surrounding physiological environment. As a consequence, a detailed understanding of their dissolution processes is required to design glasses for specific applications. Under neutral, dilute conditions, borate glasses dissolve congruently at rates that decrease for compositions with greater fractions of four-coordinated borate sites and modified with metal oxides that have greater cation field strengths. These dissolution rates then can be understood by considering the concomitant hydrolysis of the borate glass network and hydration of the metal ion sites. Ca ions released from borate glasses dissolved in phosphate-solutions, including physiological environments, react with those phosphate anions to form amorphous calcium phosphates that can transform to hydroxyapatite, and in so doing, promote tissue regeneration. The mesoscopic structures of these calcium phosphate phases depend on the glass composition and the dissolution conditions.
Probing the mechanisms of enhanced crystallisation of APS in the presence of ultrasound
Authors: Birkin Peter R. , Youngs Jack J. , Truscott Tadd T. , Martini Silvana
Published: May 2022

Both bubbles and associated mechanical forces, enhance crystallisation of a lipid sample through primary and secondary effects.
Towards understanding solvation effects on the conformational entropy of non-rigid molecules
Authors: Gorges Johannes , Grimme Stefan , Hansen Andreas , Pracht Philipp
Published: May 2022

Changes of the conformational entropy due to solvation are investigated using efficient semiempirical quantum-chemical methods and continuum solvation models.
Continuous flow mechanochemistry: reactive extrusion as an enabling technology in organic synthesis
Authors: Bolt Robert R. A. , Leitch Jamie A. , Jones Andrew C. , Nicholson William I. , Browne Duncan L.
Published: May 2022

Reactive extrusion provides a scale-up opportunity to turn a mechanochemical process from a ball-mill into continuous flow. This tutorial review summarises some of the early ground-breaking work in this area.
Time-dependent photoemission from droplets: influence of size and charge on the photophysics near the surface
Authors: Ban Loren , Tang Hanchao , Yoder Bruce L. , Signorell Ruth
Published: May 2022

Time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy is used to study the photophysics of droplets containing dioctyl phthalate. Long-lived excited states survive longer at lower phthalate concentrations, and in larger or electrically charged droplets.
First-row transition metal doped germanium clusters Ge16M: some remarkable superhalogens
Authors: Nguyen Huu Tho , Cuong Ngo Tuan , Lan Ngo Thi , Tung Nguyen Thanh , Nguyen Minh Tho , Tam Nguyen Minh
Published: May 2022

A theoretical study of geometric and electronic structures, stability and magnetic properties of both neutral and anionic Ge16M0/− clusters with M being a first-row 3d transition metal atom, is performed using quantum chemical approaches.
Highly sensitive and selective surface plasmon resonance biosensor for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein
Authors: Wu Qiong , Wu Wen , Chen Fangfang , Ren Ping
Published: May 2022

We present an SPR-based antigen detection method capable of detecting SARS-CoV-2 via spike S1 protein by a sandwiched amplification strategy based on a Ti3C2-MXene modified sensing platform and PDA–AgNPs–Ab2 response signal amplifiers.
BINOL blocks as accessible triplet state modulators in BODIPY dyes
Authors: Jiménez Josué , Prieto-Montero Ruth , Serrano Sergio , Stachelek Patrycja , Rebollar Esther , Maroto Beatriz L. , Moreno Florencio , Martinez-Martinez Virginia , Pal Robert , García-Moreno Inmaculada , de la Moya Santiago
Published: May 2022

BINOL moieties of different electronic demand are useful blocks for enabling the photo-production and modulation of triplet excited states in readily-accesible BINOL-based O-BODIPY dyes from standard F-BODIPY precursors.
Diastereodivergent synthesis of chromeno[2,3-b]chromenes by tuning all of the reactivity centers of isocyanoacetate
Authors: Wang Lei , Huang Zitong , Guo Xiaoyu , Liu Jian , Dong Jinhuan , Xu Xianxiu
Published: May 2022

A novel diastereodivergent tricyclization of isocyanoacetates with o-quinone methides was accomplished for the efficient synthesis of chromeno[2,3-b]chromene derivatives.
Photoinduced reaction mechanisms in prototypical and bathy phytochromes
Authors: López María Fernández , Dahl Margarethe , Escobar Francisco Velázquez , Bonomi Hernán Ruy , Kraskov Anastasia , Michael Norbert , Mroginski Maria Andrea , Scheerer Patrick , Hildebrandt Peter
Published: May 2022

Resonance Raman and IR spectroscopies reveal a common mechanistic pattern of prototypical and bathy phytochrome including chromophore isomerization, proton transfer, and protein structural changes.
Molecular interactions of ionic liquids with SiO2 surfaces determined from colloid probe atomic force microscopy
Authors: Wei Yudi , Dai Zhongyang , Dong Yihui , Filippov Andrei , Ji Xiaoyan , Laaksonen Aatto , Shah Faiz Ullah , An Rong , Fuchs Harald
Published: May 2022

The interaction parameters of ionic liquids with SiO2 are derived from colloid probe atomic force microscopy force–distance data, and used directly in molecular dynamics simulations to compute the self-diffusion coefficients of confined ionic liquids.
Tuning phase compositions of MoS2 nanomaterials for enhanced heavy metal removal: performance and mechanism
Authors: Han Qi , Cao Hao , Sun Yuchen , Wang Gang , Poon Sidney , Wang Monong , Liu Bei , Wang Yanggang , Wang Zhongying , Mi Baoxia
Published: May 2022

The remediation performance of 2D MoS2 nanomaterials in the heavy-metal-containing solutions is closely correlated with the phase composition of the materials.
Stabilization of phenanthrene anions in helium nanodroplets
Authors: Kollotzek Siegfried , Izadi Farhad , Meyer Miriam , Bergmeister Stefan , Zappa Fabio , Denifl Stephan , Echt Olof , Scheier Paul , Gruber Elisabeth
Published: May 2022

Phenanthrene anions are stabilized in the ultracold environment of helium nanodroplets. Gentle shrinking of the helium matrix by collisions with helium gas makes the bare phenanthrene anion visible by high-resolution mass spectrometry.
Temperature-dependent kinetics of the atmospheric reaction between CH2OO and acetone
Authors: Wang Peng-Biao , Truhlar Donald G. , Xia Yu , Long Bo
Published: May 2022

We calculated the kinetics of the simplest atmospheric reaction of a Criegee intermediate with a ketone by using our recently developed dual-level variational transition state theory scheme with the beyond-CCSD(T) electronic structure method W3X-L.
An Er3+ doped Ba2MgWO6 double perovskite: a phosphor for low-temperature thermometry
Authors: Vu T. H. Q. , Bondzior B. , Stefańska D. , Dereń P. J.
Published: May 2022

A bifunctional luminescent material is one of the most intriguing topics in recent years with significant growth in the number of investigations.
Small compound – big colors: synthesis and structural investigation of brightly colored alkaline earth metal 1,3-dimethylviolurates
Authors: Lorenz Volker , Liebing Phil , Müller Matthias , Hilfert Liane , Feneberg Martin , Kluth Elias , Kühling Marcel , Buchner Magnus R. , Goldhahn Rüdiger , Edelmann Frank T.
Published: May 2022

A series of brightly colored (“pantochromic”) alkaline earth metal 1,3-dimethylviolurates AE(Me2Vio)2 have been prepared and fully characterized.
Engineering the degree of concavity of one-dimensional Au–Cu alloy nanorods with partial intermetallic compounds by facile wet chemical synthesis
Authors: Gao Xiaoqian , Wang Zhi , Zhang Yinling , Ren Yaoyao , Sheng Guan , Shao Wei , Chen Qiaoli
Published: May 2022

Concave Au–Cu nanorods with partial intermetallic compounds were synthesized via tuning the reaction kinetics, and they exhibited enhanced activity towards both the CO2 reduction reaction and 4-nitrophenol reduction reaction.
High-performance see-through power windows
Authors: Wang Di , Li Yuhao , Zhou Guanqing , Gu Emely , Xia Ruoxi , Yan Buyi , Yao Jizhong , Zhu Haiming , Lu Xinhui , Yip Hin-Lap , Chen Hongzheng , Li Chang-Zhi
Published: May 2022

High-performance see-through power windows, derived from newly designed semitransparent organic solar modules, exhibit excellent energy generation and saving features.
Micro-PCR chip-based multifunctional ultrafast SARS-CoV-2 detection platform
Authors: Yin Hao , Tong Zhaoduo , Shen Chuanjie , Xu Xin , Ma Hui , Wu Zhenhua , Qi Yong , Mao Hongju
Published: May 2022

By using different customized microfluidic chips, a multifunctional rapid PCR platform allows fast screening of suspected cases within 15 min, followed by rapidly providing precise quantification of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Correction: On-demand quantum spin Hall insulators controlled by two-dimensional ferroelectricity
Authors: Huang Jiawei , Duan Xu , Jeon Sunam , Kim Youngkuk , Zhou Jian , Li Jian , Liu Shi
Published: May 2022

Correction for ‘On-demand quantum spin Hall insulators controlled by two-dimensional ferroelectricity’ by Jiawei Huang et al., Mater. Horiz., 2022, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d2mh00334a.
Unsaturated fatty-acid based HPLC fingerprints in combination with quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker for the classification of Rana chensinensis ovum
Authors: Zhang Changli , Li Nan , Wang Zhongyao , Wang Shihan , Wang Zhihan , Fan Xuanrui , Xu Xinxin , Zhou Yue , Wang Yongsheng
Published: May 2022

Comprehensive quality evaluation strategy was established for Rana chensinensis ovum based on analytical chemistry and chemometrics.
Development of novel inorganic yellowish-tacao color pigments, RbBi1−xCex(MoO4)2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.30): revealing crystal structure and color properties
Authors: Kang Tae Wook , Jeong Gyu Jin , Kim Jin Ho , Bae Byungseo , Kim Sun Woog
Published: May 2022

Novel inorganic yellowish-tacao color pigments, RbBi1−xCex(MoO4)2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.30), were synthesized by a conventional solid state reaction method. The crystal structure and color properties were investigated in detail.
Characterization of lipase fromCandida rugosaentrapped in alginate beads to enhance its thermal stability and recyclability
Authors: Vetrano Alice , Gabriele Francesco , Germani Raimondo , Spreti Nicoletta
Published: May 2022

Development of a simple method to efficiently immobilize lipase ensuring its stability and activity in water even at high temperatures.
Estimations of potential risk of carcinogenic arsenic in smokeless tobacco products
Authors: ur Rehman Atta , Yasmeen Kousar , Saeed Iftekhar , Zubair Khan Muhammad
Published: May 2022

Moderate arsenic exposure may lead to health problems, and thus, measuring arsenic (As) and inorganic arsenic (iAs) exposure from smokeless tobacco products (SLTs) for different population groups is important.
Cobalt-catalyzed tandem one-pot synthesis of polysubstituted imidazo[1,5-a]pyridines and imidazo[1,5-a]isoquinolines
Authors: Meena Neha , Dhiman Shiv , Rangan Krishnan , Kumar Anil
Published: May 2022

An efficient cobalt-catalyzed tandem one-pot method has been developed for the synthesis of polysubstituted imidazo[1,5-a]-N-heteroaromatics.
Localized surface plasmon-enhanced blue electroluminescent device based on ZnSeTe quantum dots and AuAg nanoparticles
Authors: Kim Sun-Kyo , Lee Sun-Hyoung , Yoon Suk-Young , Jo Dae-Yeon , Kim Hyun-Min , Kim Yuri , Park Seong Min , Kim Yang-Hee , Yang Heesun
Published: May 2022

Localized surface plasmon resonance-enhanced Cd-free blue electroluminescent devices integrated with ZnSeTe quantum dots and AuAg alloy nanoparticles were demonstrated.
Synthesis of CoSnS2 hollow nanocubes with NIR-enhanced chemodynamic therapy and glutathione depletion for combined cancer therapy
Authors: Zhu Xuerui , Chu Zhaoyou , Chen Benjin , Jin Qianqian , Ma Xuke , Yang Juan , Jiang Yongxin , Wang Wanni , Zha Zhengbao , Qian Haisheng
Published: May 2022

We have synthesized CoSnS2 (CSS) hollow nanocubes for cancer treatment, which showed superior photothermal effect as well as enhanced Fenton-like reaction with excellent PTCE (47.23%) and ROS (˙OH) production capacity under 808 nm laser irradiation.
Higher-order [10 + 2] cycloaddition of 2-alkylidene-1-indanones enables the dearomatization of 3-nitroindoles: access to polycyclic cyclopenta[b]indoline derivatives
Authors: Zhao Jian-Qiang , Zhou Shun , Qian Hui-Ling , Wang Zhen-Hua , Zhang Yan-Ping , You Yong , Yuan Wei-Cheng
Published: May 2022

The higher-order [10 + 2] cycloaddition of 3-nitroindoles and 2-alkylidene-1-indanones enables the dearomatization of 3-nitroindoles and affords a range of structurally diverse cyclopenta[b]indolines with excellent results.
Oxidative dehalogenation of trichlorophenol catalyzed by a promiscuous artificial heme-enzyme
Authors: Zambrano Gerardo , Sekretareva Alina , D'Alonzo Daniele , Leone Linda , Pavone Vincenzo , Lombardi Angela , Nastri Flavia
Published: May 2022

The artificial metalloenzyme FeMC6*a is able to perform the H2O2-mediated dechlorination of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol with unrivalled catalytic efficiency, highlighting its potential application for the removal of toxic pollutants.
Rapid electrochemical quantification of trace Hg2+ using a hairpin DNA probe and quantum dot modified screen-printed gold electrodes
Authors: Zhang Wancun , Zhang Pin , Liang Ying , Cheng Weyland , Li Lifeng , Wang Huanmin , Yu Zhidan , Liu Yan , Zhang Xianwei
Published: May 2022

A ratiometric hairpin DNA probe based electrochemical biosensor, which relies on hairpin DNA probes conjugated with water-soluble and carboxyl functionalized quantum dot on screen-printed gold electrodes, was developed for Hg2+ detection.
The identified intrinsic active sites for efficient and stable bi-functional catalyst N-MoS2·Ni3S2/NiS: the Mo–N structure and Ni–S structure on the heterogeneous interface synergistically enhance water splitting
Authors: Gao Yong , Li Jingjing , Gong Hao , Zhang Chuanxiang , Fan Haiyun , Xie Xin , Huang Xianli , Xue Hairong , Wang Tao , He Jianping
Published: May 2022

N-MoS2·Ni3S2/NiS with a specific Mo–N structure and a heterogeneous interface was synthesized through a self-catalysis strategy for efficient and stable water splitting.
Novel membranes with extremely high permeability fabricated by 3D printing and nickel coating for oil/water separation
Authors: Han Lei , Chen Cheng , Shen Liguo , Lin Hongjun , Li Bisheng , Huang Zhengyi , Xu Yanchao , Li Renjie , Hong Huachang
Published: May 2022

3D printing and nickel coating greatly enhance the membrane permeability and selectivity for oil/water separation.
One F atom matters: synthesis, aggregation-induced emission and stimuli-responsiveness of three isomers of fluoro/formyl substituted tetraphenylethene derivatives
Authors: Li Tianrui , Miao Jinling , Xu Chunyue , Nie Yong , Liu Wei , Li Yexin , Liu Guangning , Jiang Xuchuan
Published: May 2022

The luminescence properties of three fluorinated tetraphenylethene (TPE) derivatives indicate that the fluorine atom has a significant effect on the solid state packing, and thus the emissions and the stimuli-responsiveness.
Highly stable photomultiplication-type organic photodetectors with single polymers containing intramolecular traps as the active layer
Authors: Zhao Zijin , Liu Baiqiao , Xu Chunyu , Li Longtao , Liu Ming , Yang Kaixuan , Jeong Sang Young , Woo Han Young , Yuan Guangcai , Li Weiwei , Zhang Fujun
Published: May 2022

Three polymers, DCP1-3, with PC61BM pendants as intramolecular traps were carefully synthesized, and they were successfully applied in photomultiplication-type organic photodetectors (PM-OPDs) showing excellent intrinsic stability.
Reduced expression of lncRNA DLEU7-AS1 is a novel favorable prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Wang Cui-zhu , Ma Bei-bei , Xu Zi-jun , Zhou Jing-dong , Zhang Ting-juan , Chen Qin , Yao Dong-ming , Lin Jiang , Qian Jun , Sha Suo
Published: May 2022

The objective of our study was to measure DLEU7-AS1 expression in de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) whilst also analyzing its clinical relevance. We used gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) and Genotype-Tissue Expression project (GTEx) to assess the expression profile of DLEU7-AS1 in pan-cancers, cancer cell lines and normal tissues. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to measure DLEU7-AS1 expression in bone marrow from 30 normal individuals and 110 patients with de novo AML. DLEU7-AS1 expression was found to be markedly reduced in the AML samples of the TCGA pan-cancer datasets. In our PCR validation, DLEU7-AS1 expression was significantly decreased in the AML samples compared with that in controls (P<0.001). Low DLEU7-AS1 expression (DLEU7-AS1low) correlated positively with lower blood platelet counts (P=0.029). In addition, low DLEU7-AS1 expression was more frequently observed in the intermediate (58%; 44/76) and favorable karyotypes (65%; 15/23) compared with that in the poor karyotype (10%; 1/10; P=0.005). In particular, patients with high expression levels of DLEU7-AS1 (DLEU7-AS1high) showed lower complete remission rates (P=0.002) than patients with DLEU7-AS1low. Survival analysis revealed that patients with DLEU7-AS1low had longer overall survival (OS) than patients with DLEU7-AS1high (P<0.05). Multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that in patients with non-acute promyelocytic leukemia (non-M3) who were ≤60 years old, DLEU7-AS1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for OS. Furthermore, we found distinct correlations among the expression of DLEU7-AS1, infiltration by immune cells and immune checkpoint genes in AML.
A posteriori error analysis for a distributed optimal control problem governed by the von Kármán equations
Authors: Chowdhury Sudipto , Dond Asha K. , Nataraj Neela , Shylaja Devika
Published: May 2022

This article discusses the numerical analysis of the distributed optimal control problem governed by the von Kármán equations defined on a polygonal domain in ℝ2. The state and adjoint variables are discretised using the nonconforming Morley finite element method and the control is discretized using piecewise constant functions. A priori and a posteriori error estimates are derived for the state, adjoint and control variables. The a posteriori error estimates are shown to be efficient. Numerical results that confirm the theoretical estimates are presented.
Which factors make Barrett’s esophagus lesions difficult to diagnose?
Authors: Tanaka Ippei , Hirasawa Dai , Suzuki Kenjiro , Unno Syuhei , Inoue Shin , Ito Satoshi , Togashi Jyunichi , Akahira Junichi , Fujishima Fumiyoshi , Matsuda Tomoki
Published: May 2022

Background and study aims Although the Japan Esophageal Society’s magnifying endoscopic classification for Barrett’s epithelium (JES-BE) offers high diagnostic accuracy, some cases are challenging to diagnose as dysplastic or non-dysplastic in daily clinical practice. Therefore, we investigated the diagnostic accuracy of this classification and the clinicopathological features of Barrett’s esophagus cases that are difficult to diagnose correctly.

Patients and methods Five endoscopists with experience with fewer than 10 cases of magnifying observation for superficial Barrett’s esophageal carcinoma reviewed 132 images of Barrett’s mucosa or carcinoma (75 dysplastic and 57 non-dysplastic cases) obtained using high-definition magnification endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI). They diagnosed each image as dysplastic or non-dysplastic according to the JES-BE classification, and the diagnostic accuracy was calculated. To identify risk factors for misdiagnosed images, images with a correct rate of less than 40 % were defined as difficult-to-diagnose, and those with 60 % or more were defined as easy-to-diagnose. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for difficult-to-diagnose images.

Results The sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy were 67 %, 80 % and 73 %, respectively. Of the 132 ME-NBI images, 34 (26 %) were difficult-to-diagnose and 99 (74 %) were easy-to-diagnose. Logistic regression analysis showed low-grade dysplasia (LGD) and high-power magnification images were each significant risk factors for difficult-to-diagnose images (OR: 6.80, P = 0.0017 and OR: 3.31, P = 0.0125, respectively).

Conclusions This image assessment study suggested feasibility of the JES-BE classification for diagnosis of Barrett’s esophagus by non-expert endoscopists and risk factors for difficult diagnosis as high-power magnification and LGD histology. For non-experts, high-power magnification images are better evaluated in combination with low-power magnification images.
The Synthesis of 5-Hydroxybenzofurans via Tandem In Situ Oxidative Coupling and Cyclization
Authors: Lin Zhongren , Tong Lingfeng , Chen Niangen , Yu Xinhong , Qiu Hong , Li Zheyao , Shen Lunhua
Published: May 2022

A series of 5-hydroxybenzofurans have been prepared by PIDA-mediated oxidation and coupling cyclization of β-dicarbonyl compounds and hydroquinones. The reaction functionalizes C(sp2)–H of hydroquinones directly with yields of target molecules up to 96%.
Cardiovagal Modulation in Young and Older Male Adults Following Acute
Aerobic Exercise
Authors: Marôco João Luís , Pinto Marco , Laranjo Sérgio , Santa-Clara Helena , Fernhall Bo , Melo Xavier
Published: May 2022

We compared response patterns of cardiovagal modulation through heart-rate
variability (HRV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) indices at 10 and
60 min after an acute bout of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE)
and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) in active young and older
adults. Twelve young (aged 20–40 years) and older (aged 57–76
years) healthy and active male adults performed an isocaloric acute bout of
HIIE, MICE, or a non-exercise condition in a randomized order. HRV and BRS
indices were analyzed offline with R-R intervals obtained from a supine
position. HIIE decreased natural logarithm (Ln) standard deviation of NN
intervals (d=−0.53; 95% CI: −0.77 to
−0.30 ms, p<0.001), Ln-root mean square of successive
differences (d=−0.85; 95% CI: −1.09 to
−0.61 ms, p<0.001), Ln-high-frequency power
(d=−1.60; 95% CI: −2.11 to −1.10
ms2; p<0.001), and BRS (d=−6.28;
95% CI: −8.91 to −3.64 ms/mmHg,
p<0.001) after exercise in young and older adults, whereas MICE
did not. Indices returned to baseline after 60 min. We found no evidence
of age-associated response patterns in HRV or BRS to a single bout HIIE or MICE
in active participants. HIIE reduced cardiovagal modulation in active young and
older adults, returning to baseline values 60 min into recovery.
Hauptstadtkongress: Die Patientenpfade optimieren
Authors: Dorner Carola
Published: May 2022

Medtronic ist schon lange ein Partner auf dem Hauptstadtkongress. Ein Gespräch mit Deutschlandchef David Carr über die digitale Transformation der Versorgung und strategische Partnerschaften der Zukunft.
IT-Sicherheit 2022: Was PDSG und KRITIS 2.0 für Kliniken bedeuten
Authors: Semmelmayer Helmut
Published: May 2022

Das Jahr 2022 bringt gleich zwei gesetzliche Änderungen für die Informationssicherheit in Krankenhäusern mit sich: die Verschärfung der KRITIS-Verordnung und eine neue Richtlinie aus dem Patientendaten-Schutz-Gesetz, die auch kleinere Kliniken zur Absicherung ihrer IT verpflichtet. Was Klinikbetreiber jetzt beachten müssen.
Akademisierung in der Pflege: Viele Hürden stehen der Profession im Weg
Authors: Lukuc Sarah
Published: May 2022

Die Politik strebt eine Akademisierungsquote in der Pflege von zehn bis 20 Prozent an. Im gleichen Atemzug wurde 2021 die einzige pflegewissenschaftliche Fakultät Deutschlands von seinem privaten Träger geschlossen: Vallendar. Die Bundesländer mussten sich der Kritik stellen, die Pflegewissenschaft nicht ernst genug zu nehmen.
Pushered single shell design lowers ignition threshold for fusion reactions
Authors: Thompson Avery
Published: May 2022

First experimental tests of graded pushered single shell show alignment with theoretical models, possibility of reaching yields comparable to traditional fuel capsule designs
Acoustic arrays levitate more sizeable spheres
Authors: Piccone Ashley
Published: May 2022

Optimizing physics-based cost function leads to acoustic driving signals that stabilize larger floating objects with less computation time
Stepping stones to vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy
Authors: Lim Alane
Published: May 2022

Review highlights laser sources for scientists looking to incorporate VSFG in the lab.
Noncontact measurement of sub-micrometer ultrasonic vibration by near-field microwave
Authors: Peng Cuiling , Chen Xiaolong , Huan Huiting , Huang Liping , Zhan Jinsong , Liu Lixian
Published: May 2022

In this article, we proposed a noncontact testing scheme for micrometer to sub-micrometer level ultrasonic vibration mainly generated by laser ultrasound upon the novel utilization of near-field microwaves. The measurement was performed based on a Ku-band near-field resonator-probe, which was optimized to perceive the low amplitude out-of-plane vibration in the ultrasonic range. A near-field electromagnetic measurement theory was established to help analyze the sensitivity and responsivity of the resonator-probe outfit. The electric field parameters were extracted with respect to the port based on a lumped-circuit model, which was further validated using a finite-element model. Experiments were carried out with respect to a piezoelectric ceramic disk designed to generate vibrations of desired amplitude, which is compatible to that in laser ultrasonic testing. The accuracy of the technique was assessed by comparing with the laser vibrometer measurement results. It was verified that the proposed near-field microwave probe can achieve considerable accuracy in perceiving sub-micrometer ultrasonic vibration up to 180 kHz.
mm-wave Rydberg–Rydberg transitions gauge intermolecular coupling in a molecular ultracold plasma
Authors: Wang R. , Sous J. , Aghigh M. , Marroquín K. L. , Grant K. M. , Martins F. B. V. , Keller J. S. , Grant E. R.
Published: May 2022

Out-of-equilibrium, strong correlation in a many-body system can trigger emergent properties that act to constrain the natural dissipation of energy and matter. Signs of such self-organization appear in the avalanche, bifurcation, and quench of a state-selected Rydberg gas of nitric oxide to form an ultracold, strongly correlated ultracold plasma. Work reported here focuses on the initial stages of avalanche and quench and uses the mm-wave spectroscopy of an embedded quantum probe to characterize the intermolecular interaction dynamics associated with the evolution to plasma. Double-resonance excitation prepares a Rydberg gas of nitric oxide composed of a single selected state of principal quantum number, n0. Penning ionization, followed by an avalanche of electron–Rydberg collisions, forms a plasma of NO+ ions and weakly bound electrons, in which a residual population of n0 Rydberg molecules evolves to a state of high orbital angular momentum, ℓ. Predissociation depletes the plasma of low-ℓ molecules. Relaxation ceases and n0ℓ(2) molecules with ℓ ≥ 4 persist for very long times. At short times, varying excitation spectra of mm-wave Rydberg–Rydberg transitions mark the rate of electron-collisional ℓ-mixing. Deep depletion resonances that persist for long times signal energy redistribution in the basis of central-field Rydberg states. The widths and asymmetries of Fano line shapes witness the degree to which coupling in the arrested bath (i) broadens the allowed transition and (ii) mixes the local network of levels in the ensemble.
Integrated Janus dipole source for selective coupling to silicon waveguide networks
Authors: Picardi Michela F. , McPolin Cillian P. T. , Kingsley-Smith Jack J. , Zhang Xudong , Xiao Shumin , Rodríguez-Fortuño Francisco J. , Zayats Anatoly V.
Published: May 2022

The efficient selective and directional coupling of light to waveguiding circuitry at the nanoscale is one of the key challenges in nanophotonics, as it constitutes a prerequisite for many applications, including information processing, routing, and quantum technologies. Various exotic nanostructures and nanoparticle arrangements have been designed to achieve directional coupling with compact on-chip integration remaining one of the foremost hurdles to realizing many real-world devices. At the same time, selective coupling to one of several neighboring waveguides is much more difficult to achieve and control. To address this challenge, we demonstrate a subwavelength selective coupler integrated in a waveguide network, with selectivity controlled by wavelength, polarization, and angle of incidence. We utilize a Janus source, which is composed of a superposition of electric and magnetic dipoles, supported by a silicon nanocylinder. By placing the nanocylinder between identical single mode silicon waveguides, we successfully achieve selective coupling with a high contrast ratio between the waveguides. The operating wavelength of the Janus dipolar source can be easily tailored, and the coupling efficiency is also shown to be conveniently boosted by the addition of multiple nanocylinders. Our compact approach provides a direct path toward on-chip highly directional nanoscale sources for a plethora of applications, including information routing, metrology, and quantum technologies.
Modeling magnetization processes in steel under stress using magnetic objects
Authors: Krause T. W. , Krause A. K. , Underhill P. R. , Kashefi M.
Published: May 2022

The application of ferromagnetic steel products is pervasive in society, with important applications arising in electrical steel, oil and gas pipelines, transportation infrastructure, naval structures, aircraft landing gear, and automotive components. Magnetic properties of electrical steel materials play a key role in electrical motors and transformers, with a direct impact on energy efficiency. Measurement of response to magnetization has implications for non-destructive inspection methods, such as magnetic flux leakage, magnetic Barkhausen noise, and metal magnetic memory method. Examples include flaw detection, characterization of material properties, and identification of stress state in steel. An understanding of the magnetic response of steel materials can be facilitated by the use of magnetic objects (MOs). MOs are defined as regions of relatively independent magnetic behavior, typically about the size of a grain, to which fundamental magnetic energy considerations may be applied. This Tutorial outlines mechanisms by which MOs may be applied for modeling magnetic response in steel and presents examples of their application. MOs incorporate material physical properties such as microstructure, grain size, crystallographic texture, the presence of dislocations and impurity elements, and the presence of residual stress and stress load on the component. They can also accommodate a description of the evolution of magnetic domain structure under magnetizing conditions. As the MO model incorporates fundamental physics principles, it allows estimates of physical parameters that can be used to provide insights into the connections between magnetic properties and material properties, including hardness, embrittlement, and the presence of applied and residual stress. Practical applications include non-destructive characterization of the stress state of steel and an improved understanding of magnetic processes in electrical steel. Examples where such models may be applied include magnetic Barkhausen noise and magnetic memory method for the characterization of steel materials. This Tutorial summarizes recent advances in the MO model and its applications, providing the foundation for its further development. Magnetic objects have the potential to provide fundamental explanations and could form the basis for magnetic measurements and magnetization processes, including magnetic flux leakage, magnetic Barkhausen noise, and magnetic hysteresis.
Liquid state of post-transition metals for interfacial synthesis of two-dimensional materials
Authors: Wang Yifang , Baharfar Mahroo , Yang Jiong , Mayyas Mohannad , Ghasemian Mohammad B. , Kalantar-Zadeh Kourosh
Published: May 2022

The nascent field of liquid metals, metals, and alloys of low melting points has provided opportunities for synthesizing low-dimensional materials. Located between transition- and non-metals in the periodic table, post-transition elements exhibit unique properties in particular low melting points. Taking on a liquid form at low temperature, post-transition liquid metals can be used as solvents for metallic solutes. The enigmatic surface of liquid metals is also ultra-active and smooth, offering opportunities for fabricating and templating two-dimensional (2D) films. So far, various 2D materials have been harvested from the surface of liquid metals including 2D metal compounds and nonmetallic materials. Utilizing different extraction and transfer techniques, the produced 2D films can be uniformly deposited on desired substrates at large lateral dimensions. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals underlying post-transition-elements-based liquid metals and alloys and explain the effect of atomic level electron configurations on their characteristics. We discuss the key physical properties of liquid metals including the origin of their low melting points and their high thermal and electrical conductivities. We illustrate their boundary-induced layering and oxidation as essential traits for creating 2D films. Afterward, the interfacial synthesis of 2D materials is depicted with the discussion of surface oxidation, reduction and exfoliation. We present different types of devices using liquid metal-induced 2D synthesis processes, including field-effect transistors, optoelectronic devices, systems that use 2D dielectric and conductive layers, and piezoelectric devices. Eventually, we discuss future prospects and outline how liquid metals can contribute to exciting future applications.
Controlling electrical and optical properties of wurtzite CdxZn1−xO with high Cd contents via native defects manipulation by low-temperature annealing
Authors: Ho Chun Yuen , Wang Ying , Liu Chao Ping , Yu Kin Man
Published: May 2022

Bandgap energies in wurtzite (WZ) structured CdxZn1−xO alloys are known to decrease with increasing Cd content (x). Our previous work demonstrated that WZ-CdxZn1−xO alloys with a high Cd content of x ∼ 0.6 and a low gap of 2 eV can be stabilized by oxygen interstitials when grown in an O-rich environment. However, such O-rich WZ-CdxZn1−xO alloys have poor electrical properties due to compensating native defects. In this work, we synthesized pure WZ phase CdxZn1−xO thin films with different Cd contents by magnetron sputtering in an oxygen-rich environment. Changes in structural, electrical, and optical properties of these O-rich wurtzite CdxZn1−xO after rapid thermal annealing were investigated. While alloys with a low Cd composition of 0.2 can maintain a pure wurtzite structure up to 500 °C, phase separation occurs at a lower annealing temperature of ∼400 °C for Cd-rich (x = 0.6) films. Isochronal and isothermal annealing studies reveal the kinetics of native defects in these alloys. Highly mobile hydrogen interstitial donor defects, oxygen interstitials, and more stable cation vacancies outdiffuse sequentially as the annealing temperature increases from <300 to >400 °C. By exploiting the difference in the energy barrier between acceptor defects removal and phase separation, a pure wurtzite phase alloy with a low bandgap of 2 eV and decent electrical properties was realized by annealing O-rich WZ-Cd0.6Zn0.4O at 300 °C with an extended annealing duration of >100 s. These results demonstrate a practical way to obtain low-gap oxide semiconductors with strong optical absorption and controllable electrical conductivities.
Deep-sea movement patterns of the Patagonian toothfish
Authors: Lee Brendon , Skeljo Frane , Randhawa Haseeb S. , Arkhipkin Alexander
Published: May 2022

Context Knowledge on movement patterns within marine fish populations are essential for understanding key aspects of their biology, distribution and stock structure. Many deep-sea fish species possess complex life-history patterns with distributions occurring across vast areas. The nature of connectivity at different life-history stages in a dynamic Patagonian toothfish population on the Patagonian Shelf, Slope and deep-sea plateau around the Falkland Islands remains speculative. Aims We aimed to elucidate the movement patterns as well as the extent that these are driving connectivity during the adult life-history stages of Patagonian toothfish in the region. Methods A 5+-year tag–recapture program was executed and data were analysed using generalised additive models. Key results The majority of individuals (77.59%) displayed high site fidelity (<50 km), suggesting that seasonal spawning migrations are uncommon. However, 9.91% of individuals undertook large-distance movements across oceanographic and physical boundaries. These were characterised by large (>120 cm) fish inhabiting the slope and deep-sea plains (north of 52°S) undertaking southward (direction = 150–240°) home-range relocations to spawning areas. Conclusions and implications The results provide compelling evidence to a single Patagonian toothfish metapopulation, with important considerations in terms of the spawning stock dynamics, and the development of regional management agreements across their Patagonian distribution.
Regulation mechanisms of the dual ATPase in KaiC
Authors: Furuike Yoshihiko , Mukaiyama Atsushi , Koda Shin-ichi , Simon Damien , Ouyang Dongyan , Ito-Miwa Kumiko , Saito Shinji , Yamashita Eiki , Nishiwaki-Ohkawa Taeko , Terauchi Kazuki , Kondo Takao , Akiyama Shuji
Published: May 2022

Significance

KaiC, a core clock protein in the cyanobacterial circadian clock system, hydrolyzes adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at two distinct sites in a slow but ordered manner to measure the circadian timescale. We used biochemical and structural biology techniques to characterize the properties and interplay of dual-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) active sites. Our results show that the N-terminal and C-terminal ATPases communicate with each other through an interface between the N-terminal and C-terminal domains in KaiC. The dual-ATPase sites are regulated rhythmically in a concerted or opposing manner dependent on the phase of the circadian clock system, controlling the affinities of KaiC for other clock proteins, KaiA and KaiB.