bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPERIENCE IN PRESCHOOL SCIENCE TEACHING IN SERBIA AND GERMANY DURING PANDEMIC
Authors: Bošnjak Marija Stepanović , Maričić Olja , Kozoderović Gordana , Branković Nataša , Simić Melinda
Published: October 2022

During the pandemic of COVID-19, preschool teachers had to adapt to the novel teaching challenges of online communication with children and parents. In this study, the effect of pandemic to the preschool science teaching was evaluated from the perspective of preschool teachers in Serbia and Germany. The research was conducted from May to August 2021 and included 90 examinees. For the purpose of this survey, a questionnaire with 19 open- and closed-ended questions was constructed. The results showed that in the organization of educational practice in distant science activities there was no significant difference in kindergartens in Serbia and Germany. German preschool teachers had more postitive perception of their digital competencies compared to their colleagues from Serbia. The comparative analysis of parent engagement, as intermediaries in the realization of educational tasks, showed that in both countries the parents were equally willing to cooperate, but the tasks were more regularly completed with German parents. It was concluded that, although there were certain differences, preschool teachers in both countries shared similar experiences from the times of pandemic.
LINGUISTIC ORIGINALITY OF AMERICAN RAP COMPOSITIONS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF MACHINE GUN KELLY AND NF)
Authors: Borisova Inna Vladimirovna
Published: October 2022

Aim. To reveal the phonetic, lexical, phraseological and syntactic peculiarities of the modern American rappers’ compositions and to determine the most frequent stylistic devices used by the performers.

Methodology. The author has analyzed 15 rap compositions created by the American rappers Machine Gun Kelly and NF.  The following methods were applied: continuous sampling method, descriptive-analytical method, method of statistical analysis and data interpretation, contextual and discursive analyses.

Result. Having studied the factual material, the author found out that the greatest stylistic expressiveness of rap texts was achieved by using the following tropes: allusion, comparison, metaphor, periphrasis.

Research implications. The modern material of rap discourse, which was not previously subjected to linguo-stylistic analysis, has been investigated. The originality of modern rappers’ texts has been revealed. It leads to understanding of how the strategic mechanisms, through which the performers influence their audience, are actualized. And this understanding enables listeners to perceive their idols’ creative work more adequately.
Dynamics of ideas about the process of secularization in socio-philosophical discourse
Authors:   Kazan Innovative University named after V. G. Timiryasov, Kartashov Alexey A.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The article analyzes the process of secularization of Western European society as a source of world secularism from the point of view of a Russian modern philosopher Grigory Borisovich Gutner and a Canadian philosopher, cultural historian Charles Margrave Taylor. Theoretical analysis. The purpose of this article, first of all, is not only the analysis of secularism as such, but also an attempt to understand the ways out of its coordinate system, which has driven itself into its own trap. The works of scientists help us to comprehend the reasons for the origin of this ideological concept, to understand in detail the pre-secular period, and to assess the current stage of public consciousness. What contributed to the cardinal change of the dominant in the ratio of the importance of the secular and spiritual? How did it happen that the centuries-old scale, on which the fundamental postulate of the idea of Divine design lay unshakably, suddenly gave way to the rationalism of scientific knowledge and experimental research? Why did the separation of science from theology, as a result, disintegrate all spheres of life, transforming it from a parallel area into the area of God-denial and God-fighting? What are the prospects for the development of the inner man, the formation of his mental and spiritual and moral qualities against the background of the rapid development of technological progress? Conclusion. In conclusion, the assessment of today’s time, relative to secular and post-secular processes, based on the research performed by G.B. Gutner and Ch. Taylor and their detailed analysis of the turning stages of human civilization, is given.
V. I. Zasulich about the philosophy of F. Nietzsche
Authors:   Penza State University, Martynova Olga A.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The article is devoted to the work of a Russian revolutionary, writer and Marxist theorist V. I. Zasulich. The subject of consideration is the historical and philosophical views of the thinker, which are analyzed on the basis of her work on modern idealism and one of its brightest representatives – F. Nietzsche. The purpose of the work is to analyze V. I. Zasulich’s ideas about the philosophy of F. Nietzsche. Theoretical analysis. The works of V. I. Zasulich devoted to the problems of research are highlighted, the thinkers whose views gave rise to her statements about F. Nietzsche are described. In the article, with the help of a systematic analysis, the socio-economic prerequisites of the philosophy of F. Nietzsche are revealed, the social base of his views is indicated, the thoughts of a German philosopher reflecting the bourgeois worldview are highlighted. Conclusion. The conclusions of V. I. Zasulich are sustained in the spirit of a dialectical-materialistic approach, which is characterized by the allocation of economic conditions and the social base of philosophical views, consideration of the role of ideology in the development of society, the allocation of progressive and regressive trends of this development. However, having no thorough theoretical training, V. I. Zasulich not only does not single out the theoretical sources of the philosophy of F. Nietzsche, but also does not cover all its aspects.
Determinism and the problem of actual future
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Pimanov Artem S.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. This article raises the question of the role of determinism in the formation of the Thin Red Line hypothesis. This hypothesis is one of the few branches of logic which address the problems of determinism and actual future. The author considers how certain logical and philosophical preconditions led to the formation of the Thin Red Line hypothesis as a compatibilist view, according to which in the presence of an open branched future that provides indeterminism, one can argue that the future is in some way directed toward actual history. Theoretical analysis. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of deterministic arguments in the works by Arthur Prior and Peter Ohrstrom. The author considers the idea that the initial effort to overcome theological determinism through Thin Red Line hypothesis within a temporal logic encountered a number of other deterministic problems that undermine the foundation of Thin Red Line hypothesis. In particular, emphasis is placed on the fact that the Thin Red Line hypothesis has certain problems with expressing the relevance of the future. The arguments against Thin Red Line hypothesis by Belnap and Green are described in detail. Conclusion. An assessment of the current state of Thin Red Line hypothesis and possible directions for further research on this topic are explored.
Urbanized sociality: The culture of control in the mode of mediatization
Authors:   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Filimonova Olga F.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of the culture of control in conditions of mediatization – an integral part of the modern social world of the city. The specificity of the view on the problem lies in the departure from the functional technicality of positivist research into the field of ontological and social reflection, expanding the analytical range of revealing the meaning. In the multimedia environment of the city, rapid orientation without special selective criteria resulting from expectation, search for certain objects, or intent to act requires a broad rather than a focus strategy of forms and methods of control. Theoretical analysis. A horizon of understanding control as a not completely reduced to the coercive and punitive functions formal process, but a culturally mediated phenomenon is proposed. The procedure for considering attention as an intentional act, or event, as a resource of culture and a source of spiritual work for constituting the meanings of human reality is singled out. In the spiritual and anthropological context, it is shown that attention is not only an orienting reflex, but an internal basis that is not associated with observation strategies in the form of mechanical external perception. The value of attention is determined by its maximally dense expedient concentration, which makes it possible to overcome states of lack of control and absent-mindedness. Conclusion. It has been established that the culture of control is a specific mental device that has the ability to capture the associative adjacency and mutual connection of things which are even distant from each other. Being an effective “screed” of intuitively grasped and reflected forms of meaning, it provides the basis for understanding everything that was personally perceived in its essence and completeness.
Information and communication technologies in the context of modern development of society
Authors:   Kutafin Moscow State Law University, Frolova Svetlana M.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Constant use of technical devices in everyday life increases the risks of occurrence and realization of communication strategies of behavior that have a negative impact on human relations with the outside world, and it affects the ability to perceive information, the formation of interpersonal communication skills, and the ability of conflict-free interaction in offline format. The author shows that despite the fact that the latest communication technologies on the one hand provide comfortable living conditions, on the other hand, they cause a number of problems. Theoretical analysis. The article deals with the theoretical reflection of the peculiarities of social development under the conditions of intensively developing information and communication technologies. The author analyzes techno-social transformations (in communication and leisure activities) and reveals the essential problems of social changes. Conclusion. The conducted theoretical analysis allows us to conclude that innovative technologies have not rid mankind of destitution and poverty, have not made people happy, have not reduced the number of risky situations, have not protected from existential threats. Meanwhile, the development of technology is an inevitable and important component of the genesis of society. To overcome the negative effect of development it is necessary to work out fundamental philosophical, organizational and practical foundations for the development of modern society, since high technology involves an analogous level of training and spiritual maturity of a modern man.
Specifics of student youth’s social perception about readiness, competence and self-efficacy
Authors:   Saratov State University, Gogol Svetlana S.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Global transformations require an individual to be ready for change, the ability to make decisions in a situation of uncertainty. Theoretical analysis. A comparative analysis allows us to conclude that, depending on the context, readiness is understood differently. Psychological readiness is associated with the presence of knowledge, skills, and is considered as a certain level of activity of the individual, a special emotional-volitional state, the ability to mobilize before the start of activity. There is some overlap between the meanings of the concepts “readiness”, “competence” and “self-efficacy”. Empirical analysis. The study revealed that the concepts of “readiness” and “competence” contains such components as “confidence” and “preparedness”, and readiness and self-efficacy have common components “confidence”, “preparedness”, “goal”. Conclusion. The study made it possible to expand the concept of readiness as a special state, determined by decisiveness, determination, confidence, firmness, concentration and calmness, including strong-willed qualities and the ability to mobilize internal resources to solve a problem or achieve a goal.
Violation of social perception in patients with neurosis-like schizophrenia with obsessive-phobic syndrome
Authors:   Belgorod State National Research University, Rudenko Svetlana L.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The study is focused on identifying disorientation in the communication of patients with neurosis-like schizophrenia with obsessive-phobic syndrome. Insufficient scientific development and high medical and social significance of the topic are shown. The assumption is formulated that patients have a pronounced violation of social perception, interconnected with positive, negative symptoms and quality of life. Empirical analysis. The results of the study showed significant difficulties of perception and interpretation of social information, interrelated with clinical symptoms. The leading role is played by rigidity, stereotyped thinking, which determine the fragmentary and superficial perception of emotions, as well as elements of delusional ideas and hallucinations that distort the understanding of social situations. Over the course of the disease, inadequately inflated estimates of life are formed. Social anhedonia mediates the influence of clinical symptoms on social perception, stabilizing the deficits of social perception and intelligence. The length of the disease contributes to life satisfaction in connection with a protective self-attitude and reconciliation with the status of “disabled”. Conclusion. Patients have pronounced difficulties recognizing emotions by facial expressions, posture and gestures associated with positive and negative symptoms. An increase in the subjective assessment of aspects of life in society reflects a protective worldview and self-attitude, as well as a downward drift of standards.
Directions of parental education of children in the legacy of the Russian enlighteners of the XVIII century
Authors:   S. Yesenin Ryazan State University, Gritsai Lyudmila A.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The article analyzes the pedagogical ideas that appeared in Russia in the second half of the XVIII century, which led to the creation of different ideas about the essence of raising children in the family. The scientific problem of the study proceeds from the need to determine the features of parental education in the pedagogical heritage of the Russian Enlightenment. The purpose of the study is to study the essence of parental education in the works of representatives of different pedagogical directions of the specified period. Theoretical analysis. Comparative analysis of the original works of such little-studied authors of the XVIII century as V. T. Zolotnitsky, E. B. Syreyshchikov, M. M. Snegirev, A. T. Bolotov, A. P. Sumarokov, and G. N. Teplov, allows us to conclude that during this historical period, efforts were made by representatives of the Russian intelligentsia to understand the meaning of parental education, and to identify the main methods of parents' influence on the emerging personality of the child. Conclusion. The paper identified common features of the positions of the authors studied, as well as contradictions that allowed us to distinguish two pedagogical directions in understanding the essence of raising children in the family. This made it possible to conclude that the main point of their confrontation was the idea of the need to create a nationwide system of education based on moral values or create an elite system of education only for noble children.
Model of cultivating patriotism in adolescents and "generation Z" youth using the resource of juvenile media
Authors:   Perm State University, Kosolapova Larisa А. , Miasnikova Diana I. ,   Perm State University
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The conducted research is aimed at identifying the methodological foundations, content, methods and mechanisms for organizing the patriotic education in adolescents and "Z generation" youth. The article defines the essential characteristics of the education processes and creation of juvenile media, and substantiates the possibility and potential of integrating these processes. Theoretical analysis. The scientific novelty lies in the development and theoretical justification of the Model of organizing the patriotic education in the “Generation Z” youth with the involvement of the juvnile media resource, which includes methodological, target-oriented, activity and result blocks, and which is based on a combination of humanistic, personal, activity, and integrative approaches to the process of educating adolescents, allowing to ensure the integrity and functionality of the Model. The mechanism of education is the pedagogical support of the value-semantic self-determination of a young person at each stage of a young media journalist work on media material. In the process of creating media material, a chain of upbringing methods is used (according to Z. I. Vasilyeva): goal-setting – informational and educational – evaluative. Conclusion. As a result of the study, the possibility of using the potential of juvenile media in the process of patriotic education in generation Z teenagers is substantiated: the purpose, the main mechanism, the content and methods of the upbringing process, the structure and indicators of the result of the patriotic upbringing of adolescents and the "Generation Z" youth with the involvement of the juvenile media resource.
Principles of the evolutionary modelling in the research of the development of professional education
Authors:   Saratov State University, Maksimova Elena A.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Modelling is an important step in the analysis of a complex system functioning. It allows to define how the elements of the system are joined together, how they function; and to plan the directions of their development in the future. Traditionally two types of modelling are used in pedagogical research, verbal and conceptual ones. The former is the verbal expression of the ideas; the latter is their graphical mapping. The present article is an attempt to support the principles of the evolutionary modelling in the research of the development of the system of professional education. Theoretical analysis. Interpretation of the terminology of the classical theory of evolution shows that there are analogues of the biological processes of heredity, selection, and variation in the system of professional education. Clarification of the strategies of evolutionary modelling allows applying its principles to the development of professional education. It is shown that there are possibilities to model variable development of professional education. It is pointed that any element of the system of professional education can become its growing point provided the favorable conditions are created. Some examples of the negative effects of ignoring the principles of evolutionary development are supplied. Conclusion. The conclusion is drawn that common conceptual basis and analogues of the reference notions used in the evolutionary modelling (gen, genotype, phonotype, suitability, mutation, memory, generation) lead to research professional education as a self-organizing system bearing adaptive mechanisms.
Impact of Enforcing Sharia Regional Regulations During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Achir Nuvazria , I. Rahim Erman
Published: October 2022

This study aims to find out field facts related to the effect of implementing regional legal products, namely Regional Regulations (Peraturan Daerah) with a Religious (Shari’ah) nuance, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic which has an impact not only on legal social problems but also on the economy due to restrictions on the movement of community activities (PPKM). Based on this condition, the government is required to be more creative and innovative in overcoming problems in society, including poverty. Local regulations are required to contribute to the community, not only in normal conditions but also during an emergency. This study uses empirical legal research methods with a case approach. The results of the study show that: The implications or impacts of implementing regulations with sharia nuances during the pandemic, especially with regard to the Al-Qur’an Reading and Writing Regional Regulations and the Zakat Regional Regulations can partially facilitate the task of regional heads in handling social affairs, both regarding education, especially in eradicating Al-illiteracy. The Qur’an in which society creates independence through the efforts of each individual to develop themselves, both through formal and non-formal education, including the process of carrying out their obligations as God’s creatures. The existence of the Regional Regulation on Zakat is able to support the development and the community’s economy in the midst of an uncertain situation due to the pandemic, through the distribution of direct assistance, both in the form of business capital money and means of transportation (bentor). Together with the National Amil Zakat Agency (Baznas), the local government also intervenes in low-income communities in each sub-district gradually. As a recommendation, local governments need to maximize the provisions of regional regulations with sharia nuances to support development in the field of formal and non-formal education, by accommodating the regulatory substance of the learning process in the pandemic era. The regional regulations on zakat need to be maintained and improved in order to support the community’s economy by expanding the income pool, increasing programs, and targeting communities as recipients of assistance.
Keywords: impact, Sharia regional regulations, Covid 19 pandemic
The Abuse of Power in the Alleged Covid-19 Polymerase Chain Reaction Test Business: Criminal Aspects
Authors: Dwi Cahyani Tinuk , Kurniawan Wahyudi , Al-Fatih Sholahuddin
Published: October 2022

The abuse of power during the Covid-19 pandemic was felt to be very massive by the governmentbecause the health sector received far more attention than others. The Covid-19 test was made mandatory to travel in spite of it being very expensive for the community, and various news spread in the community made suspicion of abuse of power. By using qualitative methods and Nvivo 12 Plus to map the data, this research was conducted to determine whether the abuse of power actually occurred. The results of the study show that the cases that occur are too subjective to be considered an abuse of power, in this case, the government and corporations are also working according to the needs of the community to overcome the Covid-19 pandemic. However, to see the disadvantages of this, the author feels that further research is still needed regarding the urgency of the Covid-19 test while traveling and its impact on state budget losses.
Keywords: abuse of power, pandemic, Covid-19 test, corporations
Implementation of Three Indicators of the Right to Housing in Indonesia
Authors: Justinar Jun , Permanasari Arlina , Wibowo Aji , Sujatmoko Andrey , Zuhra Amalia
Published: October 2022

The right to adequate housing is generally seen as the fulfillment of human needs based on tangible needs, such as the parameters for determining a healthy and livable house, the area and volume of the room that should exist, and other facilities. This study discusses the fulfillment of adequate housing from a normative perspective, especially human rights norms which are more intangible but can be felt. This research is based on content analysis with a qualitative approach to scientific journal databases. Based on the discussion, the fulfillment of the right to adequate housing should also pay attention to the explanation of international human rights instruments that provide an authoritative explanation for the fulfillment of right to adequate housing.
Keywords: adequate housing, the rights to housing, human rights perspective
The State of Emergency in Indonesia. A Great Lesson from the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Claudia Siwu Sonya , Aulia Rahman: Rofi
Published: October 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic is interpreted by the President as a public health emergency (KEPPRES No. 12 of 2020). None of those declarations refers to either Article 12 or Article 22 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, although the situation (de facto) meets all the criteria of a state of emergency. On behalf of justice, normal law shall be applied in a normal situation, while in an abnormal situation, an abnormal law shall be applied. Regarding that issue, this paper investigates these three questions: i) why is the state of emergency not applied in the time of Covid-19? ii) how to measure the scale of the emergency of Covid-19 pandemic from the perspective of the state of emergency? iii) how should the law of the state of emergency in Indonesia overcome the situation in the future? These questions would be discussed on the level of legal philosophy using legal politics approach, statutory approach, conceptual approach, theoretical approach, and comparative approach. The main principle is solus populi suprema lex. It should be implemented properly. The results of this study indicate and explain that the state emergency law must adhere to the concept of people’s security is state security. In addition, state emergency laws must be anticipatory to new and very diverse developments and forms of danger.
Keywords: state of emergency, political legal dimension, future legal framework, legal reform
Force Majeure as a Justification for Failure to Fulfill Contractual Obligations Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic: Suspending or Terminating Contract?
Authors: Yunita Sugiastuti Natasya
Published: October 2022

As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, large debtors experienced performance failures so that the President of the Republic of Indonesia designated Covid-19 as a non-natural disaster and a national disaster in Presidential Decree (Keppres) No.12/2020. The Civil Code has provided rules to anticipate failure to contractual obligations caused by circumstances beyond the parties’ ability through measures of defense against non-performance on the grounds of force majeure. The problem lies in whether the parties impeded in carrying out contractual obligations can use Presidential Decree No.12/2020 as a cause for force majeure. This study examines whether Presidential Decree No. 12/2020 meets the criteria for force majeure as regulated in the Civil Code. This research is normative legal research examining the legal norms regarding force majeure regulated in Articles 1244 and 1245 of the Civil Code. The researcher deployed legislation as primary legal material and legal doctrine as secondary legal material. Data were obtained through literature studies incorporating electronic textbooks attained through the google scholar search engine. The data were analyzed qualitatively, and conclusions were drawn based on deductive reasoning. The results indicated that Presidential Decree No.12/2020 is a fact that does not require proving. However, the event of force majeure alone is an inadequate cause for non-performance; instead, causality between the force majeure and the failure to perform must be proved. Similarly, it also needs to be confirmed that the debtor acts in good faith. In concrete cases, judges have the authority to perform the primary function of good faith by either suspending the performance of contractual obligations or terminating contractual relations and determining the responsibility of bearing the risks caused by force majeure.
Keywords: force majeure, suspend, terminate the contract, Indonesia
The Need for Criminalizing Online Prostitution in Indonesia
Authors: . Wasis , . Nurzakiah
Published: October 2022

Development always produces positive and negative impacts. The positive impact is advancing civilization and the negative impact is detrimental to life. The negative effect of the action is the development of crime from conventional to modern, one of which was born due to the use of the internet. One of the traditional problems that are now increasingly modern is online prostitution, known as cybercrime. With this research problem, the aim is to determine the legal rules of online prostitution in Indonesia and the urgency of its criminalization. Using the normative method, it was found that online prostitution poses a problem that only pimps will get criminal penalties. This provision is certainly unfair because the giver, perpetrator, and user must also be subject to criminal sanctions. In its laws and regulations, Indonesian law still does not regulate online prostitution activities, even conventional prostitution. However, in the Criminal Code, several article formulations indirectly regulate prostitution activities, namely articles 296 and 506 but only handle pimps. Seeing this legal vacuum and acts of prostitution that do not follow the values in society and advances in information and science, there are three reasons for the urgency of criminalization, namely philosophical, juridical, and sociological. Philosophically, online prostitution is against Pancasila, the first and second precepts, and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Due to juridical reasons, there is a legal vacuum and legal uncertainty. The sociological sense that online prostitution does not follow the norms in society causes unrest and can cause various dangerous diseases.
Keywords: urgency, criminalization, prostitution, online
The Urgency of Strengthening Creditor Legal Protection in Fiduciary Guarantee Agreements
Authors: Putri Hidayah Nur , . Komariah
Published: October 2022

In a fiduciary guarantee agreement, both the fiduciary recipient and the fiduciary giver according to the fiduciary guarantee law are equally given legal protection. However, there are still weaknesses in legal protection for creditors, exacerbated by the practice of implementing fiduciary agreements in the field, among others in the form of not registering fiduciary objects (only stopping at making authentic deeds). Then, in the practice that occurs, the financial institution in entering into a financing agreement includes the words fiduciary guarantee. However, ironically, it is not made in a notarial deed and is not registered at the Fiduciary Registration Office to obtain a certificate. So, it is not surprising that due to such practice, cases of slow and difficult execution of fiduciaries are a problem. This research is to answer the question: the urgency of implementing strengthening legal protection for creditors in fiduciary guarantee agreements? To answer this problem, the author conducted normative legal research by looking at sociological conditions that occurred or were based on field facts. The results of this study indicate that a fiduciary guarantee that must be made with a Notary Deed, can provide legal protection if the process and procedures are following Law No. 42 of 1999 concerning Fiduciary Guarantee, and Fiduciary Guarantee was born since it was registered. In addition, in the practice of administering fiduciary guarantee agreements in Indonesia, legal protection efforts for creditors have not been fully implemented for fiduciary guarantee agreements. This is due to the juridical and non-juridical inhibiting factors in the form of inconsistencies between the mandates contained in the legal basis of fiduciary guarantees and the practices of their organizers.
Keywords: legal protection, creditors, fiduciary guarantee
Legal Implications of Using Ministerial Instructions as a Legal Basis for the Implementation of Restriction on Community Activities During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Eko Widiarto Aan , Al-Fatih Sholahuddin , Dahlan Muhammad , Casmi Arssa Ria
Published: October 2022

This study examines the Legal Implications of using Ministerial Instruction Instruments as the Legal Basis for the Implementation of Restrictions on Community Activities During the Covid-19 Pandemic. As is known that during this pandemic, the Government made many instruments in the form of Ministerial Instructions to respond to the transmission of Covid-19 in the form of the Implementation of Restrictions on Community Activities. In fact, these instruments are not laws and regulations so they are not binding in general, let alone limit human rights through restrictions on the right to activity and threaten criminal sanctions. The Covid-19 Pandemic Emergency was also responded to excessively by several Ministries by issuing rules at the respective Ministry level, both in the form of a Joint Decree (SKB) and a Decree. In fact, among these instruments overlapping authorities, for example, related to the distribution of social assistance (bansos). In this case, there are legal problems related to the implications of the use of the Ministerial Instruction Instrument as the legal basis for the Implementation of Restrictions on Community Activities During the Covid-19 Pandemic. The problem arises due to the legality and binding force of the Ministerial Instruction and the impact of the implementation of the Ministerial Instruction on the protection of Human Rights. Through the normative juridical analysis research method, this research will reconstruct the legal basis in accordance with the principles of the state of the law in the event of a pandemic emergency so as not to reduce human rights. The results of this study indicate that the Instruction of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 6 of 2019 during the Covid-19 period in Indonesia has validity, binding power (bonding), and efficacy. On this basis, the implementation of the Minister of Home Affairs during the Covid-19 pandemic has binding legal implications and legal force.
Keywords: legal implications, ministerial instructions, Covid-19 pandemic
Philosophical Challenges in the Era of Industrial Technology Disruption 4.0
Authors: . Abustan , . Farhana , Azhar Siregar Hamdan , Mustomi Otonom
Published: October 2022

In the development of a world that is experiencing the intensity of technological disruption, which has actually broken down the boundaries of space and time, and has ceased various developments in the order of daily life. This confirms the need for a clear mindset that every development or dynamic of technology in the industrial era 4.0 is like a double-edged sword. In a sense, positive and negative impacts. The technological progress of philosophy responds back, that is, one way of doing philosophy in the midst of increasingly powerful industrial technological advances. At that point, it becomes a challenge for philosophy to carry out its function as a critic and as a contributor of constructive direction. The struggle of the 21st century is the progression of industrial technology; therefore, this reality is interesting to study/examine in such a way through a comparative approach, a reflective approach in photographing and articulating sharply “artificial intelligence” technology. The double face of the impact of technological disruption will ultimately remind us that “humans” will be the main determinant of all matters of life on this earth.
Keywords: philosophy challenge, era of disruption, 21st century
Industrial Relations Mediator As an Effort to Settle Industrial Relations Disputes After the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wijayanti Asri , . Chamdani , Endarto Budi , Ayumeida Kusnadi Sekaring , . Nobella
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic had both positive and negative impacts on all areas of people’s lives. One of the negative impacts is the emergence of industrial relations disputes. Efforts to settle industrial relations dispute formally have been regulated in Law 2/2004. Industrial relations mediators have a vital role in resolving industrial relations disputes. This study aims to analyze the existence of industrial relations mediators in an effort to resolve these disputes. This research is a normative juridical approach to legislation and cases from the decision of the Industrial Relations Court at the Surabaya District Court number 111/Pdt-Sus PHI/2020/PN SBY. The results indicated that the existence of industrial relations mediators was strongly influenced by the quality of the substance of the legal product. The written recommendation of the Manpower Office of Probolinggo City Number 34/PHI/II/2022 has suggested that employers provide 3 months of severance pay to the workers. The labor relations mediator of Probolinggo city was not careful in categorizing the substance of the object of the dispute, namely the termination of employment because the company closed and suffered losses, in accordance with the provisions of article 164 paragraph (1) of the labor law.
Keywords: written recommendation, mediator, industrial relation dispute
Pandemic As a Crime Factor: Reason Mitigating or Aggravating Penal? (The Reflection Post Covid-19 in Indonesia)
Authors: Adhial Fajrin Yaris , Kharisma Nuryasinta Radhityas , Luthfi Muhammad , Fitra Suhermanto Dedik , Taqwa Sihidi Iradhad , Praharjo Ardik
Published: October 2022

Crime is part of the form of human behavior and will continue to develop following the dynamics of human life and civilization. There’s no exception that the Covid-19 pandemic that hit the world also had an impact on Indonesia. The impact is not only in the sphere of human health but also in the sphere of social life, including changes in human habits and behavior. Various Indonesian government policies to reduce the spread of Covid-19, such as restrictions on activities outside the home, to prisoner assimilation policies have also influenced changes in human behavior and the economic condition of the community which can be a potential change in the form and rate of crime. Crime will not be separated from the problem of criminal law and punishment, especially modern criminal law that is oriented to the perpetrator and the deed (daad-dader straafrecht) or also known as penal individualization. One of the characteristics of penal individualization is that the crime must be adapted to the characteristics and conditions of the perpetrator, which is elaborated with the view of the ecology school in criminology, a person’s evil deeds are influenced by the environment of the perpetrator (external factors). It becomes a question, is the pandemic condition a factor of crime, or is it a reason for aggravating or mitigating crime for criminals? To answer this question, the author uses a juridical/normative research approach, and it is found that the Covid-19 pandemic as a national disaster can become a mitigating circumstance and aggravating circumstances, in the form of Judicial Mitigating and Aggravating Circumstances.
Keywords: Covid-19, punishment, Indonesia, criminal law, mitigating-aggravating penal
Characteristics of Repetitive Nerve Stimulation (Rns) and Correlation with Severity and Quality of Life of Myasthenia Gravis Patients
Authors: Susanti Lydia
Published: October 2022

Background: Myasthenia gravis is a rare autoimmune disease due to neuromuscular junction (NMJ) disorders. The diagnosis of myasthenia gravis is based on cardinal clinical symptoms, including fluctuating weakness, worsening with activity, and improving with rest. In addition to clinical signs and antibody tests, other tests that are also crucial for diagnosis are electrodiagnostic examination (EDX) such as repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) and single fibre electromyography (SFEMG). Recent studies have focused on assessing patients' severity and quality of life, essential for determining the prognosis and subsequent treatment plans.
Objective: To evaluate the characteristic of RNS and its correlation with rigor and quality of life of myasthenia gravis patients.
Methods: Inclusion criteria: patients diagnosed with myasthenia gravis, aged 18-65 years, willing to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria include a history of neuropathy, motor neuron disease, or myopathy and dropping out of the study. Patient demographic data were collected. The results of the RNS examination were divided into two categories, normal and abnormal.
MG severity was assessed by the Myasthenia gravis foundation of America (MGFA) classification, and the patient's quality of life was assessed by Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life 15 (MG-QOL 15).
Results: Of the 24 samples, 69.1% of RNS were positive. The most sensitive muscle for assessing RNS is the anconeus muscle, followed by the trapezius and nasal. There was no significant relationship between RNS features and severity and the quality of life of myasthenic Gravis patients.
Conclusion: Onconeus muscle is the best location for assessing RNS. Although the number of patients with normal RNS had lower severity and better quality of life, there was no statistically significant relationship. Further studies with larger samples and longer follow-ups are needed.
INCUBAÇÃO: TECNOLOGIA SOCIAL ADEQUADA À PROMOÇÃO DE PRÁTICAS SUSTENTÁVEIS EM AGROECOSSISTEMAS
Authors: Rosário Ligia Paula Cabral do , Barbosa Maria José de Souza
Published: October 2022

No presente artigo buscou-se discutir o papel das incubadoras universitárias e tecnológicas enquanto tecnologia social aplicada à resolução de problemas em empreendimentos econômicos solidários. Destacou-se a importância da interdisciplinaridade como interface entre diferentes áreas de conhecimento, tendo em vista a superação de fragmentos disciplinares da racionalidade instrumental. Em seguida foram abordadas as técnicas e os instrumentos utilizados na obtenção de dados, como o diagnóstico rápido participativo, bem como o uso de questionários e entrevistas para o conhecimento da realidade à luz das metodologias de incubação, que organiza um conjunto de métodos, técnicas e instrumentos para a aplicação de conhecimento coordenado e em conjunto com os agricultores ribeirinhos associados visando mitigar ou consolidar agricultura sustentável sob forma de autogestão local.
DESEMPENHO PRODUTIVO DE FAMÍLIAS DE MEIOS-IRMÃOS DE CACAUEIRO (Theobroma cacao L.) NO MUNICÍPIO DE OURO PRETO DO OESTE-RO, BRASIL
Authors: Lima Juocerlee Tavares Guadalupe Pereira de , Rocha Rodrigo Barros , Almeida Caio Marcio Vasconcellos Cordeiro de
Published: October 2022

O objetivo desde trabalho compreendeu a avaliação do comportamento agronômico de 22 famílias de meios-irmãos de cacaueiro, considerando componentes de produção e resistência a coleobroca-dos-frutos (Fbroc) e resistência à vassoura-de-bruxa (Fvass). As características foram interpretadas utilizando a análise de variância em modelo de parcela subdividida, com os efeitos de famílias na parcela e anos na subparcela. Para quantificar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade foram interpretadas as estimativas de parâmetros genéticos e o teste não paramétrico de Lin Binns. Os resultados indicam elevada variabilidade genética entre as progênies avaliadas. As progênies AM 1090, AM 1066, AM 1070, AM 1077 e AM 1085 apresentaram melhor adaptabilidade e estabilidade ao longo dos anos para a produtividade. As progênies AM 1068, AM 1081, AM 1091, AM 1095 e AM 1097 tiveram melhores desempenhos para resistência à vassoura-de-bruxa, enquanto AM 1077, AM 1081, AM 1085, AM 1088 e AM 1112, para a resistência à coleobroca-dos-frutos.
Wpływ pandemii COVID-19 na rynek i efektywność ubezpieczeń na życie z ubezpieczeniowymi funduszami kapitałowymi
Authors: Ostrowska-Dankiewicz Anna
Published: October 2022

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the market and effectiveness of life insurance with insurance capital funds. Insurance performs a variety of functions in the economy. Their basic task is to provide the insured with protection in case of occurrence of random events specified in the contract. Market practice shows that such a limited function of classic insurance proved to be insufficient, especially at the time when insurance products appeared which, in addition to their protective function, allow savings to be multiplied. Such products are life insurance with insurance capital funds. However, the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic caused unexpected difficulties in the conduct of business by enterprises, including insurance companies. These difficulties manifested themselves in a periodic decline in premiums written, and in relation to life insurance with UFK also in a periodic deterioration of their effectiveness due to a slump in the financial markets. The aim of this paper is to present the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the market of life insurance linked with insurance capital funds and to discuss the trends in the volume of sales of life insurance with UFK and in the effectiveness of investments in insurance capital funds.
Obszary ryzyka w działalności małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce
Authors: Dankiewicz Robert
Published: October 2022

Risk areas in the activity of small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland. The occurrence of risk in economic activity is a natural phenomenon that requires management aimed at limiting the impact of risk materialization on the situation of enterprises. This phenomenon refers also to small and medium-sized enterprises, which are an extremely key element for the economy both in terms of the number of such entities, their role in generating new jobs, but also the added value. Unfortunately, the problem of risk identification and management in SME companies is at a much lower level than in the case of large entities. Therefore, in the case of small and medium-sized enterprises it seems crucial to have a proper approach to risk identification and management, especially in times of intensive changes in the environment, which in turn may provide an opportunity for new areas of risk to appear. Studies have shown that entrepreneurs are slowly increasing their awareness of the possibility of the occurrence of various types of risk and their consequences, but this increase is often selective. However, this is the basis for the development of appropriate mechanisms and procedures that will allow to conduct business effectively and safely in a changing, often unpredictable environment in the future. The purpose of the study is an attempt to identify and assess the various areas of risk encountered in the small and medium-sized enterprise sector and their importance.
Desafíos bajo el dominio del capital Efectos en el trabajo, la riqueza y la producción
Authors: González Serna Aura , Fernández Gómez Carlos Esteban
Published: October 2022

Esta compilación, resultado de trabajos de investigación, se destaca por presentar casos concretos que estudian la espacialidad humana desde el enfoque socio crítico, haciendo uso de la teoría de la producción del espacio, lo cual se convierte en un aporte fundamental para el entendimiento de las luchas de clases sociales y los movimientos de resistencia frente al embate capitalista” Bertha Lilia Salazar Martínez. Doctora en Arquitectura. Universidad Veracruzana (Xalapa, México). “Esta obra trata de la producción social de los espacios capitalistas y sus efectos negativos en lo ambiental, cultural y económico. Presenta el espacio como medio de producción capitalista y como mecanismo de despojo. Los casos tratados abarcan ámbitos rurales y urbanos. Los capítulos expresan un posicionamiento teórico vinculado a la teoría de la producción capitalista del espacio social, la cual, en casi todos los casos tratados, se materializa en el concepto de territorio. Esta teoría en sí misma se posiciona en las denominadas ciencias críticas, lo cual es ampliamente expresado en los capítulos” Óscar Buitrago Bermúdez. Doctor en Geografía. Universidad del Valle (Cali, Colombia).