bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Millimetre‐wave T‐shaped MIMO antenna with defected ground structures for 5G cellular networks
Authors: Jilani Syeda Fizzah , Alomainy Akram
Published: January 2018

In this study, a millimetre‐wave (MMW) antenna is presented for the fifth‐generation (5G) wireless multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) applications, in order to offer numerous advantages including compactness, planar geometry, high bandwidth, and high gain performance. The concept of defected ground structures has been deployed for the first time in MIMO antenna design at MMW spectrum to fulfil 5G requirements of high bandwidth with compactness and low design complexity. The top surface of antenna comprises of a coplanar waveguide‐fed T‐shaped radiating patch element, while the bottom part is designed to constitute a partial ground loaded with two iterations of symmetrical split‐ring slots at an optimised distance. Experimental results depict a wide bandwidth of 25.1–37.5 GHz, as well as a peak gain of 10.6 dBi at 36 GHz. Moreover, numerically evaluated efficiency of >80% is observed over the entire intended bandwidth of operation. For the demonstration, four‐element MIMO antenna array of the proposed antenna element is also fabricated and tested, in order to validate high isolation between the adjacent elements, which makes the proposed antenna a potential candidate to be integrated in cellular phones and base stations for 5G MIMO systems and services.
Steerable miniaturised printed quadrifilar helical array antenna using digital phase shifters for BGAN/GPS applications
Authors: Kazemi Robab , Palmer Jeffery , Quaiyum Farhan , Fathy Aly E.
Published: January 2018

A novel electronically steerable phased array antenna is developed for global positioning system/broadband global area network (GPS/BGAN) navigation applications. The array is composed of 2 × 2 printed quadrifilar helical antennas (PQHAs) integrated with digital phase shifters for beam steering over the transmit/receive bands. The feed network of each PQHA is based on a sequential rotation to achieve wideband circular polarisation (CP). An elegant control network with the embedded microcontroller is designed to provide driving bits to the phase shifters with reduced phase error. The meandered line design maintains high‐performance CP radiation up to ±60° off‐axis, within 1525 to 1660 MHz, and its size is 44% of the design with straight lines. The array gain is positive over 1450–1800 MHz beyond the BGAN band, with better than 13 dB return loss and <2.2 dB axial ratio. The measured broadside gain of the array exceeds 8.5 dBi at 1600 MHz, and has a wide beam steering of ∼±80° over the BGAN band. The developed antenna represents a significant technical advance to the design and manufacturing of PQHA array, it has a compact size, low cost and lightweight with a relatively large bandwidth and almost hemispherical coverage with excellent right‐hand circularly polarized radiation.
Efficient photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue by using GO/hemin/TiO2 nanocomposite under visible irradiation
Authors: Shang Hongming , Chen Liang , Wang Yujie , Liu Hanyu
Published: January 2018

A hybrid photocatalyst with high photocatalytic activity under visible light was developed. The photocatalyst – graphene oxide (GO)/hemin/titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposite was prepared by a simple method via adsorption at room temperature within 3 h, and was characterised using scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The results show that TiO2 nanoparticles were dispersed on the surface of GO sheets uniformly, and the crystal structure remained the same as original anatase TiO2 phase in the presence of GO and hemin. Extended absorption of the nanocomposite into the visible region is benefit for the novel hybrid photocatalyst to utilise visible light more efficiently in the photocatalytic reaction. The photocatalytic activity increased about 70% in the presence of GO and hemin (96%) comparing to pure TiO2 (26%). The nanocomposite catalyst could stably adsorb and degrade methylene blue of different concentration without H2O2 or sacrificial electron donor at a relatively wide range of pH values within 3 h. As well as, the prepared GO/hemin/TiO2 nanocomposite shows good stability and reusability in the photocatalytic reaction, enabling it a potential application in wastewater treatment.
Preparation and characterisation of ginkgolide nanoparticles via the emulsion solvent evaporation method
Authors: Jiang Jianfang , Ao Juan , He Chunyang , Xiong Jun , Zhao Jiaqi , Liu Jintao , You Shengrong , Jiang Hao
Published: January 2018

Ginkgolide is the first choice for treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, its conventional dosage form (ginkgolide injection) can easily produce side effects and adverse reactions. Hence, developing a new, safe and efficient nanometre dosage form is imperative. Ginkgolide nanoparticles (GLNs) were prepared via the emulsion solvent evaporation method, and their mean hydrodynamic diameter, surface zeta potential, and surface morphology were characterised. The work studied four factors that were able to influence the properties of GLNs and discussed the preparation mechanism. The results showed that the prepared GLNs were nanomaterials. The optimum preparation conditions were with a W/O of 5.0, CPVA of 6.0%, P of 250 W and T of 4.0 min. The GLN that was prepared under optimum conditions exhibited good dispersity and stability. Its surface zeta potential was −20.97 mV, single particle size was 20–50 nm, and the preparation yield was 73.51%. The pharmacokinetics of GLN was studied in detail, and the Cmax and AUC0→∞ increased by 63.29 and 67.56%, respectively, compared with ginkgolide injection. This study lays a foundation for the research and development of new nano‐dosage forms of ginkgolide and has an important value.
Jovian electrons in the inner heliosphere
Authors: Vogt A. , Heber B. , Kopp A. , Potgieter M. S. , Strauss R. D.
Published: January 2018

Context. Since the Pioneer 10 flyby of Jupiter it has become well known that electrons of Jovian origin dominate the lower MeV range of charged energetic particles in the inner heliosphere.

Aims. Because the Jovian source can be treated as point-like in numerical models, many attempts to investigate charged particle transport in the inner heliosphere have utilized Jovian electrons as test particles. The reliability of the derived parameters for convective and diffusive transport processes are therefore highly dependent on an accurate estimation of the Jovian source spectrum. In this study we aim to provide such an estimation.

Methods. In this study we have proposed a new electron source spectrum, specified at the boundary of the Jovian magnetosphere, fitted to flyby measurements by Pioneer 10 and Ulysses, with a spectral shape also in agreement with measurements at Earth’s orbit by Ulysses, Voyager 1, ISEE and SOHO.

Results. The proposed spectrum is consistent with all previous theoretical suggestions, but deviates considerably in the lower MeV range which was inaccessible to those studies.
Influence of misalignments on the performance of externally occulted solar coronagraphs
Authors: Shestov S. V. , Zhukov A. N.
Published: January 2018

Context. The ASPIICS instrument is a novel externally occulted coronagraph that will be launched on board the PROBA-3 mission of the European Space Agency. The external occulter will be placed on one satellite ~150 m ahead of the second satellite that will carry an optical instrument. During 6 h out of 19.38 h of orbit, the satellites will fly in a precise (accuracy around a few millimeters) formation, constituting a giant externally occulted coronagraph. The large distance between the external occulter and the primary objective will allow observations of the white-light solar corona starting from extremely low heights ~ 1.1R⊙.

Aims. We intend to analyze influence of shifts of the satellites and misalignments of optical elements on the ASPIICS performance in terms of diffracted light. Based on the quantitative influence of misalignments on diffracted light, we provide a recipe for choosing the size of the internal occulter (IO) to achieve a trade-off between the minimal height of observations and sustainability to possible misalignments.

Methods. We considered different types of misalignments and analyzed their influence from optical and computational points of view. We implemented a numerical model of the diffracted light and its propagation through the optical system and computed intensities of diffracted light throughout the instrument. Our numerical approach is based on a model from the literature that considered the axisymmetrical case. Here we extend the model to include nonsymmetrical cases and possible misalignments.

Results. The numerical computations fully confirm the main properties of the diffracted light that we obtained from semi-analytical consideration. We obtain that relative influences of various misalignments are significantly different. We show that the internal occulter with RIO = 1.694 mm = 1.1R⊙ is large enough to compensate possible misalignments expected to occur in PROBA-3/ASPIICS. Besides that we show that apodizing the edge of the internal occulter leads to additional suppression of the diffracted light.

Conclusions. We conclude that the most important misalignment is the tilt of the telescope with respect to the line connecting the center of the external occulter and the entrance aperture. Special care should be taken to co-align the external occulter and the coronagraph, which means co-aligning the diffraction fringe from the external occulter and the internal occulter. We suggest that the best orientation strategy is to point the coronagraph to the center of the external occulter.
Kyste odontogène calcifié : à propos d’un cas clinique
Authors: FAROUK Mohammed , MEDAGHRI ALAOUI Olaya , BEN YAHYA Ihsane
Published: January 2018

Le kyste odontogéne calcifié est une lésion
bénigne rare, décrite pour la première fois
par Gorlin en 1962, et classée comme tel dans
la classification de 1992.

Il resprésente 2 % des tumeurs odontogènes,
il peut apparaitre à n’importe quel age, avec
une prédominance du sexe masculin.

Les aspects cliniques et radiologiques de cette
lésion ne sont pas spécifiques, la confirmation
du diagnostic et anatomopathologique.

À travers un cas cliniques d’un kyste odontogène
calcifié, ce travail permet d’illustrer les spécificités
de cette lésion.
Defects search during the inspection of civil and industrial buildings and structures on the basis of laser scanning technology and information modeling approach (BIM)
Authors: Galieva Аnna B. , Alekhin Vladimir N. , Antipin Alexey A. , Gorodilov Sergey N.
Published: January 2018

This paper presents the issues of the inspection, creation of drawings and 3D model of the building in the absence thereof a technical documentation for the object of reconstruction. An approach based on the use of laser scanning technologies and information modeling of objects is proposed. The laser scanning of facades of residential buildings, objects of cultural heritage, industrial enterprises is considered. The proposed approach makes it possible to improve safety during the work on the inspection of building structures, to execute a construction project drawings and specifications with the maximum degree of detail. On the basis of the created three-dimensional model of the object it is possible to subsequently make a static calculation of the building’s structures.
Dynamic model of implementation efficiency of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in relation to the complexity of buildings and the level of their safety
Authors: Hotový Martin
Published: January 2018

The aim of the work is to present the efficiency of the establishment BIM into the building industry on the created dynamical model related to the extent to the complexity of buildings, in which Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been used as „a tool of the industry revolution 4.0 in the CZE”. The work shows the rank of the influence in establishment of new technologies 4.0 and Internet issues on increasing demands and complexity of buildings and their safety. A result of simulation in the dynamical model emerges the conclusion why we should be interested in the rise of the complexity extent of processes of the buildings in relation to corresponding cost of BIM. It shows that the establishment of BIM achieves the necessary extent of the efficiency, i.e. in what assumptions and parameters the significant reduction of the direct or indirect costs has been achieved in the construction, management of the buildings and the facilities in their life cycle.
Comparison of engineered cementitious composites and concrete for strengthening of concrete structural details using RBSM
Authors: Khmurovska Yuliia , Štemberk Petr
Published: January 2018

This paper presents a numerical simulation and subsequent comparison of strengthening performance of an ordinary concrete overlay and an overlay made of engineered cementitious composite (ECC) with polyvinyl alcohol fibers (PVA). The comparison is performed on an L-shaped joint when the overlay is placed on the outer surface so that the applied bending moment causes tension in the overlay. The nonlinear numerical analysis is based on the three-dimensional rigid-body-spring model (RBSM). The results show the beneficial effect of the PVA fibers within the ECC matrix when the damage is distributed evenly so that only thin microcracks open. The observation is easy to obtain when the RBSM is employed. On the contrary, the overlay made of ordinary concrete fails due to localization of the damage into a single crack. The applicability of the RBSM is discussed.
Interaction of collar roof with the bottom support structure of a building
Authors: Musilek Josef
Published: January 2018

Collar roofs belong to the traditional structures used for roofing buildings. In present, the collar roofs are widely used for their ability to omit internal vertical support structures (columns, support walls), which might be sometimes a complication during a design of the layout of the building. Collar roof acts on the bottom support structure of the building by quite big lateral horizontal forces. These forces are being often neglected in common practice. This fact leads to failures of the bottom support structures. Reinforced concrete rim made on the top of the brick wall is one of the methods, how to deal with these horizontal forces. The article deals with the interaction. The article deals with the interaction between the structure of the collar roof and the reinforced concrete rim.
Limitations and risk related to static capacity testing of piles – “unfortunate case” studies
Authors: Rybak Jarosław , Król Maciej
Published: January 2018

Static load testing of foundation piles is still considered the main capacity check technology for almost any kind of piling works (bored, displacement, driven). The rates of load, time increments or imposed displacement are the key factors for various testing methods. The load-displacement relationship, which can be transformed into a coordinate system, is always the point of departure for the analysis of the results. For axis (vertical) loading, both, applied load and measured pile head settlement are examined during the entire test. During the lateral capacity tests, the horizontal displacement and inclination of free pile head is measured. In either case, all recorded values must be thoroughly examined in order to avoid systematic errors which could flaw the results of the analysis. In this paper, the authors gather and discuss their experience from field tests in which equipment malfunctions or external circumstances had the impact on the range of load test and, thus, their results. The possible ways of test extrapolation with regard to load range are also the subject of further observations presented in this publication.
Risk assessments of contemporary accidents in construction industry
Authors: Kraus Michal
Published: January 2018

The contribution deals with the risk assessments of contemporary accidents in construction in the Czech Republic. The risk analysis is defined as a systematic and structured data processing to identify potential hazards. The risk is a quantitative or qualitative expression of threat. A number of accidents and human errors are characteristic of the construction industry. A zero risk does not exist. An analysis of 615 incidents is presented which identified the location within the building sector in the Czech Republic. The risk analysis including the Risk Assessment Matrix (RAM) is based on secondary data from the Construction and Technical Prevention System (CTPS) in the Czech Republic from 2010 to 2016. The risk level is determined by the likelihood of occurrence and consequence of defects, faults, and accidents in the construction industry.
Solution of problems of ETICS with biocorrosion
Authors: Belániová Barbora , Antošová Naďa , Šupejová Lucia
Published: January 2018

To find solutions for maintenance and repair of existing structures ETICS becomes the current another issue of improvement thermal insulation proprieties of external cladding, which need to be answered necessarily till December 2020. Double thermal insulation technology can be achieved by jointly increasing of thermal insulation properties and by repairing surface porosity ETICS. The aim of the research is the analysis of alternative insulation materials in plaster repair by technology "double thermal insulation" ETICS in terms of technology, humidity and temperature conditions in the layers. Technology of double thermal insulation is analyzed in the context with solution biocorrosion surface thermal insulation. In the end of the research there is obtained the data from the comparisson of technology double thermal insulation with different insulation materials expressed by graph. Obtained data can be the basis for decision to choosing a repair, to solution for the structural details of double thermal insulation and also for experimentally assess the lifespan of the double ETICS.
Handling construction waste of building demolition
Authors: Vondráčková Terezie , Podolka Luboš , Voštová Věra
Published: January 2018

Some building defects lead to their demolition. What about construction and demolition waste? According to the Waste Act 185/2001 Coll. and its amendment 223/2015 Coll., which comes into force on January 1, 2017, the production of waste has to be reduced because, as already stated in the amendment to Act No. 229/2014 Coll., the ban on landfilling of waste will apply from 2024 onwards. The main goals of waste management can thus be considered: Preventing or minimizing waste; Waste handling to be used as a secondary raw material - recycling, composting, combustion and the remaining waste to be dumped. Company AZS 98 s. r. o. was established, among other activities, also for the purpose of recycling construction and demolition waste. It operates 12 recycling centers throughout the Czech Republic and therefore we have selected it for a demonstration of the handling of construction and demolition waste in addressing the defects of the buildings.
Performance level analyses of public transportation using importance-performance analysis method
Authors: Hidayat Nursyamsu
Published: January 2018

Yogyakarta, one of the middle cities in Indonesia, has been developing BRT system named Trans Jogja to reduce growth of motorization. However, the performance tends to decrease year by year, therefore the system and management upgrading must be carried out continuously to restore public trust. This research tries to investigate public satisfaction, their expectation, and some attributes considered important based on public’s perspective using IPA method that can be used as useful information systems to evaluate service quality by prioritizing or focusing on areas where improvement is needed. The results reveal that decision maker must focus and allocate their resources to improve Trans Jogja system on the following attributes: a) keep punctuality, b) shorten waiting time in the bus stop, c) improve bus comfort, d) provide safety for child passenger, e) improve bus stop comfort, f) create new bus route to enlarge accessibility, and g) shorten bus travel time.
Is the indonesian regulation of standard level of service of a pedestrian path fulfill pedestrians’ convenience
Authors: Mahmudah Amirotul , Legowo Slamet , Sumarsono Agus , Linta Studyamadyakomunika , Irawan Benny
Published: January 2018

Indonesia published Regulation No: 03/PRT/M/2014 about the Pedestrian Level of Service (LOS), consist of pedestrian movement characteristics and sidewalk capacity, as like the Bangkok standard, there is no parameter that represents pedestrian interest. Australian standards develop a Level of Service with the main based on categories that relate with pedestrian convenience. Within this study, identifying Indonesian pedestrian interests done by measuring pedestrian perception of convenience. This study aims to check the suitability between this standard pedestrian LOS and pedestrian perception of convenience in a commercial area, Pasar Gede market. The study results, based on Indonesia regulation LOS, the pedestrian path around Pasar Gede market is categorized as level A at all sections, and this is the same as the Bangkok standards. According to the Australian’s standard, the LOS is an A for the West section, B for the North section, and C for the South section. The pedestrians have perceptions of moderately discomfort for all sections. This means that although the pedestrian path fulfills the level of service for Indonesian Government regulation, it does not fulfill user satisfaction. Therefore, the Indonesian LOS standard for pedestrian paths doesn’t provide equity for the pedestrian.
Relationship between train users’ perceptions of walkability with access and egress mode choice
Authors: Syafriharti Romeiza , Kombaitan B. , Kusumantoro Iwan P. , Syabri Ibnu
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this study is to understand whether there is a relationship between train users’ perceptions of walkability in built environment of trip origin with access mode choice and between train users’ perceptions of walkability in built environment of trip destination with egress mode choice. Train users are who ride from Cicalengka station Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia. To analyze the relationship is used crosstab method. The perceptual factors about walkability are those perceived by the train users consisting of walking distance, safety, comfort, and secure from crime, both in origin and destination of the built environment. The mode choice consist of walking, paratransit, motorcycle taxi, and own vehicles (or others for egress mode). To better understand the relationship is used several control variables, that are trip purposes, train usage, gender, and age. For access trip there is another control variable, that is vehicle ownership. Train users' perceptions of walkability have a relationship with both the access and the egress mode choice, except for the security aspect. The influence of control variables on the relationship between perceptions of walkability with access/egress mode choice varies for walking distance, safety, and comfort.
Model petri net of adaptive traffic lights and its collaboration with a special event
Authors: Tristono Tomi , Cahyono Setiyo Daru , Sutomo  , Utomo Pradityo
Published: January 2018

Traffic lights have an important role as the system control of vehicles flow on the urban network. Commonly, most countries still using fixed time strategy. Our research proposes the adaptive traffic lights model to response the traffic demand. It uses basic Petri net as a general modeling framework. Foractuating method of minimum and maximum green signal time interval, the green traffic lights have three-time extension units. Next, we collaborate on a case of the existence of railways that crosses on the southern arm of an intersection. We introduce both of collaboration model design of traffic lights and the railway's gate which always closes while a train passing. Verification and validation of the model are based on the simulation result of vehicles queue. The collaboration model design of traffic lights has excellent performance, and it can resolve the congestion problem better than conventional schedule.
3D Numerical Modeling of Flow in Sedimentation Basin
Authors: Harlan Dhemi , Natakusumah Dantje K. , Adityawan Mohammad Bagus , Mahfudz Hernawan , Adinata Fitra
Published: January 2018

Normal operation sedimentation basin flushing systems require large volumes of water, typically up ten times of the deposited sediment volume for efficient flushing. A complete sediment removal, can only be realized by combination of mechanical removal with drawdown flushing. This operation reaches much longer operation time resulting in water loss and reducing power and energy production of Mini Hydro Power Plant (MHPP). The objective of this study is to improve the flushing system of sedimentation basin based on a numerical approach. Fluid motion is described with non-linear, transient, second-order differential equations. A numerical solution of these equations involves approximating the various terms with algebraic expressions. The resulting equations are then solved to yield an approximate solution to the original problem. The simulation result shows that the 3D numerical modeling of flow in sedimentation basin gives the reasonable result to predict the suspended load movement in the flow.
Study on e-waste (CRT TVs/monitors and washing machines) generation in Bandung
Authors: Humaira Nadya , Sembiring Emenda
Published: January 2018

Modern day’s rapid development in technology has forced a shift in trends and popularity of electronic products. This causes early obsolescence of former technologies such as cathode ray tubes (CRT), leading to massive disposal in a short amount of time. To be able to predict this newly developing waste stream, a study on the generation of such electronic waste products is needed. In a case study focusing on Bandung, questionnaires to primary sources of e-waste such as households, offices, schools and laundromats were conducted to determine not only the number of e-products that is used and discarded, but also how e-waste is treated firsthand when it becomes unwanted. The e-waste generation predicted is about 65,000 units of CRT TVs per year, 19,000 CRT monitors per year and 48,000 washing machines per year. Survey results show that when proper waste collection and recycling is implemented, CRT TVs and monitors will have been eliminated within a decade (2028 being the marking year) meanwhile the trend for washing machine consumption continues to incline up until today.
Analysis of ocean wave characteristic in Western Indonesian Seas using wave spectrum model
Authors: Rachmayani Rima , Ningsih Nining Sari , Ramadhan Hani , Nurfitri Suliskania
Published: January 2018

Understanding the characteristics of the ocean wave in Indonesian Seas particularly in western Indonesian Seas is crucial to establish secured marine activities in addition to construct well-built marine infrastructures. Three-years-data (July 1996 - 1999) simulated from Simulating Waves Nearshore (SWAN) model were used to analyze the ocean wave characteristics and variabilities in eastern Indian Ocean, Java Sea, and South China Sea. The interannual or seasonal variability of the significant wave height is affected by the alteration of wind speed and direction. Interactions between Indian Ocean Dipole Mode (IODM), El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and monsoon result in interannual ocean wave variability in the study areas. Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) analysis produces 6 modes represents 95% of total variance that influence the wave height variability in the entire model domain. Mode 1 was dominated by annual monsoon and has spatial dominant contribution in South China Sea effected by ENSO and Indian Ocean influenced by IODM. Java Sea was influenced by Mode 2 which is controlled by semi-annual monsoon and IODM. A positive (negative) IODM strengthens (weakens) the winds speed in Java Sea during the East (West) season and hence contributes to Mode 2 in increasing (decreasing) the significant wave in Java Sea.
Development of Risk-Reliability Based Underwater Inspection for Fixed Offshore Platforms in Indonesia
Authors: Tawekal Ricky L. , Purnawarman Faisal D. , Muliati Yati
Published: January 2018

In RBUI method, platform with higher risk level will need inspection done more intensively than those with lower risk level. However, the probability of failure (PoF) evaluation in RBUI method is usually carried out in semi quantitative way by comparing failure parameters associated with the same damage mechanism between a group of platforms located in the same area. Therefore, RBUI will not be effective for platforms spread in distant areas where failure parameter associated with the same damage mechanism may not be the same. The existing standard, American Petroleum Institute, Recommended Practice for Structural Integrity Management of Fixed Offshore Structures (API RP-2SIM), is limited on the general instructions in determining the risk value of a platform, yet it does not provide a detail instruction on how determining the Probability of Failure (PoF) of platform. In this paper, the PoF is determined quantitatively by calculating structural reliability index based on structural collapse failure mode, thus the method in determining the inspection schedule is called Risk-Reliability Based Underwater Inspection (RReBUI). Models of 3-legs jacket fixed offshore platform in Java Sea and 4-legs jacket fixed offshore platform in Natuna Sea are used to study the implementation of RReBUI.
Modeling Slope Topography Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Image Technique
Authors: Yeh Fu-Hsuan , Huang Chun-Jia , Han Jen-Yu , Ge Louis
Published: January 2018

Nowadays, a wide range of site planning, field investigation and slope analysis need to be carried out for slope protection and landslide-related disaster reduction. To enhance the efficiency of topography modeling, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has become a new surveying technique to obtain spatial information. This study aims to determine the topography of a slope by using a digital camera mounted on UAV to photograph with a high degree of overlap. The 3D point clouds data were generated through image feature point extraction integrated with accurate GPS ground control points. It is found in this study that the obtained Digital Surface Model (DSM) data, compared with the traditional field surveying techniques, has much superior performance. The resolution of the DSM has reached 1.58 cm. Also, the error of elevation and distance between DSM and actual 3D coordinates obtained by traditional total station survey is acceptance. It is clear that such a UAV surveying technique can replace conventional surveying methods and provide complete and accurate 3D topography information in automatic and highly efficient manner for most geotechnical applications.
Stream Sediment Geochemical Survey of Selected Element In Catchment Area Of Saguling Lake
Authors: Wardhani Eka , Notodarmojo Suprihanto , Roosmini Dwina
Published: January 2018

Saguling Lake is one of the largest lakes in West Java Province that accommodates domestic and non-domestic wastes via the Citarum River as its main water source. This study aims to determine the geochemical background concentration (Cbg) in water catchment area of Saguling Lake. The knowledge of the Cbg of heavy metals is essential for defining pollution, identifying the source of contamination, and for establishing reliable environmental quality criteria for sediments. The value of Cbg will be used for assessment of the sediment quality in Saguling Lake. Assessment of sediment quality is very important to determine the actual condition of water in the lake and as the basis for management of waters environment in the future. The search was taken at 22 sampling points in the unpolluted water catchment area. Samples were collected and analyzed for Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb. Each sample was digested in agua regia and analyzed by ICP-EOS. Results showed Cbg which are: Cd 0.34 ± 0.10 mg/kg, Cr 110.57 ± 28.61 mg/kg, Cu 49.93 ± 9.28 mg/kg, and Pb 18.62 ± 9.83 mg/kg. Based on the assessment result, it is concluded that the sediment quality in Saguling Lake is categorized as polluted by Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb metals.
Assessment of Infectious Waste Management Practices at Hospital with Excellent Accreditation Level in Bandung, Cimahi and East Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Fitria Novi , Damanhuri Enri , Salami Indah R.S
Published: January 2018

This study includes the procedures available and methods of handling and disposing of infectious waste at Military hospital with Excellent Accreditation level in Bandung, Cimahi and East Jakarta, Indonesia. A total three (3) military hospitals with equal type of hospital and level accreditation were surveyed during the course of this research. The methods consisted of survey and interview with the authorities of the hospital and the personal involved in the management of the generated waste. The information was collected using forms specially developed for this purpose. Site visits were conducted to support and supplement information gathered in the survey. Assessment of infectious waste handling divided into six parameters: Hospital policy at organizational structure, status of cleaning services worker, classification/segregation process, collect and transport the infectious waste, condition of temporary storage of infectious waste and disposal phase of infectious waste. The result showed that the hospital with highest level of accreditation have less appropriate practices when it comes to segregation, collecting, storage and disposal of waste generated in comparison to developed country. It appears that hospital authorities should pay better attention to educational planning, organizational resources and supervision at infectious waste management.
Super-Alfvénic translation of a field-reversed configuration into a large-bore dielectric chamber
Authors: Sekiguchi J. , Asai T. , Takahashi T.
Published: January 2018

An experimental device to demonstrate additional heating and control methods for a field-reversed configuration (FRC) has been developed. The newly developed device, named FRC Amplification via Translation (FAT), has a field-reversed theta-pinch plasma source and a low-elongation dielectric (transparent quartz) confinement chamber with quasi-static confinement field. In the initial experiments on the FAT device, FRC translation and trapping were successfully demonstrated. Although the typical elongation of the trapped FRC in the confinement region was roughly three, no disruptive global instability, such as tilt, was observed. The FAT device increases the latitude to perform translation-related experiments, such as those concerning inductive current drive, equivalent neutral beam injection effects, and wave applications.
A high throughput spectral image microscopy system
Authors: Gesley M. , Puri R.
Published: January 2018

A high throughput spectral image microscopy system is configured for rapid detection of rare cells in large populations. To overcome flow cytometry rates and use of fluorophore tags, a system architecture integrates sample mechanical handling, signal processors, and optics in a non-confocal version of light absorption and scattering spectroscopic microscopy. Spectral images with native contrast do not require the use of exogeneous stain to render cells with submicron resolution. Structure may be characterized without restriction to cell clusters of differentiation.
Simultaneous measurement of surface tension and viscosity using freely decaying oscillations of acoustically levitated droplets
Authors: Kremer J. , Kilzer A. , Petermann M.
Published: January 2018

Oscillations of small liquid drops around a spherical shape have been of great interest to scientists measuring physical properties such as interfacial tension and viscosity, over the last few decades. A powerful tool for contactless positioning is acoustic levitation, which has been used to simultaneously determine the surface tension and viscosity of liquids at ambient pressure. In order to extend this acoustic levitation measurement method to high pressure systems, the method is first evaluated under ambient pressure. To measure surface tension and viscosity using acoustically levitated oscillating drops, an image analysis method has to be developed and factors which may affect measurement, such as sound field or oscillation amplitude, have to be analyzed. In this paper, we describe the simultaneous measurement of surface tension and viscosity using freely decaying shape oscillations of acoustically levitated droplets of different liquids (silicone oils AK 5 and AK 10, squalane, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, and 1-octanol) in air. These liquids vary in viscosity from 2 to about 30 mPa s. An acoustic levitation system, including an optimized standing wave acoustic levitator and a high-speed camera, was used for this study. An image analysis was performed with a self-written Matlab® code. The frequency of oscillation and the damping constant, required for the determination of surface tension and viscosity, respectively, were calculated from the evolution of the equatorial and polar radii. The results and observations are compared to data from the literature in order to analyze the accuracy of surface tension and viscosity determination, as well as the effect of non-spherical drop shape or amplitude of oscillation on measurement.
A novel numerical model to predict the morphological behavior of magnetic liquid marbles using coarse grained molecular dynamics concepts
Authors: Polwaththe-Gallage Hasitha-Nayanajith , Sauret Emilie , Nguyen Nam-Trung , Saha Suvash C. , Gu YuanTong
Published: January 2018

Liquid marbles are liquid droplets coated with superhydrophobic powders whose morphology is governed by the gravitational and surface tension forces. Small liquid marbles take spherical shapes, while larger liquid marbles exhibit puddle shapes due to the dominance of gravitational forces. Liquid marbles coated with hydrophobic magnetic powders respond to an external magnetic field. This unique feature of magnetic liquid marbles is very attractive for digital microfluidics and drug delivery systems. Several experimental studies have reported the behavior of the liquid marbles. However, the complete behavior of liquid marbles under various environmental conditions is yet to be understood. Modeling techniques can be used to predict the properties and the behavior of the liquid marbles effectively and efficiently. A robust liquid marble model will inspire new experiments and provide new insights. This paper presents a novel numerical modeling technique to predict the morphology of magnetic liquid marbles based on coarse grained molecular dynamics concepts. The proposed model is employed to predict the changes in height of a magnetic liquid marble against its width and compared with the experimental data. The model predictions agree well with the experimental findings. Subsequently, the relationship between the morphology of a liquid marble with the properties of the liquid is investigated. Furthermore, the developed model is capable of simulating the reversible process of opening and closing of the magnetic liquid marble under the action of a magnetic force. The scaling analysis shows that the model predictions are consistent with the scaling laws. Finally, the proposed model is used to assess the compressibility of the liquid marbles. The proposed modeling approach has the potential to be a powerful tool to predict the behavior of magnetic liquid marbles serving as bioreactors.
Inertial particle focusing in serpentine channels on a centrifugal platform
Authors: Shamloo Amir , Mashhadian Ali
Published: January 2018

Inertial particle focusing as a powerful passive method is widely used in diagnostic test devices. It is common to use a curved channel in this approach to achieve particle focusing through balancing of the secondary flow drag force and the inertial lift force. Here, we present a focusing device on a disk based on the interaction of secondary flow drag force, inertial lift force, and centrifugal forces to focus particles. By choosing a channel whose cross section has a low aspect ratio, the mixing effect of the secondary flow becomes negligible. To calculate inertial lift force, which is exerted on the particle from the fluid, the interaction between the fluid and particle is investigated accurately through implementation of 3D Direct Numerical Solution (DNS) method. The particle focusing in three serpentine channels with different corner angles of 75°, 85°, and 90° is investigated for three polystyrene particles with diameters of 8 μm, 9.9 μm, and 13 μm. To show the simulation reliability, the results obtained from the simulations of two examples, namely, particle focusing and centrifugal platform, are verified against experimental counterparts. The effects of angular velocity of disk on the fluid velocity and on the focusing parameters are studied. Fluid velocity in a channel with corner angle of 75° is greater than two other channels. Furthermore, the particle equilibrium positions at the cross section of channel are obtained at the outlet. There are two equilibrium positions located at the centers of the long walls. Finally, the effect of particle density on the focusing length is investigated. A particle with a higher density and larger diameter is focused in a shorter length of the channel compared to its counterpart with a lower density and shorter diameter. The channel with a corner angle of 90° has better focusing efficiency compared to other channels. This design focuses particles without using any pump or sheath flow. Inertial particle focusing on centrifugal platform, which rarely has been studied, can be used for a wide range of diagnostic lab-on-a-disk device.
Numerical simulation of turbulent Taylor-Couette flow between conducting cylinders in an axial magnetic field at low magnetic Reynolds number
Authors: Leng Xueyuan , Kolesnikov Yurii B. , Krasnov Dmitry , Li Benwen
Published: January 2018

The effect of an axial homogeneous magnetic field on the turbulence in the Taylor-Couette flow confined between two infinitely long conducting cylinders is studied by the direct numerical simulation using a periodic boundary condition in the axial direction. The inner cylinder is rotating, and the outer one is fixed. We consider the case when the magnetic Reynolds number Rem ≪ 1, i.e., the influence of the induced magnetic field on the flow is negligible that is typical for industry and laboratory study of liquid metals. Relevance of the present study is based on the similarity of flow characteristics at moderate and high magnetic field for the cases with periodic and end-wall conditions at the large flow aspect ratio, as proven in the earlier studies. Two sets of Reynolds numbers 4000 and 8000 with several Hartmann numbers varying from 0 to 120 are employed. The results show that the mean radial induced electrical current, resulting from the interaction of axial magnetic field with the mean flow, leads to the transformation of the mean flow and the modification of the turbulent structure. The effect of turbulence suppression is dominating at a strong magnetic field, but before reaching the complete laminarization, we capture the appearance of the hairpin-like structures in the flow.
SSAGES: Software Suite for Advanced General Ensemble Simulations
Authors: Sidky Hythem , Colón Yamil J. , Helfferich Julian , Sikora Benjamin J. , Bezik Cody , Chu Weiwei , Giberti Federico , Guo Ashley Z. , Jiang Xikai , Lequieu Joshua , Li Jiyuan , Moller Joshua , Quevillon Michael J. , Rahimi Mohammad , Ramezani-Dakhel Hadi , Rathee Vikramjit S. , Reid Daniel R. , Sevgen Emre , Thapar Vikram , Webb Michael A. , Whitmer Jonathan K. , de Pablo Juan J.
Published: January 2018

Molecular simulation has emerged as an essential tool for modern-day research, but obtaining proper results and making reliable conclusions from simulations requires adequate sampling of the system under consideration. To this end, a variety of methods exist in the literature that can enhance sampling considerably, and increasingly sophisticated, effective algorithms continue to be developed at a rapid pace. Implementation of these techniques, however, can be challenging for experts and non-experts alike. There is a clear need for software that provides rapid, reliable, and easy access to a wide range of advanced sampling methods and that facilitates implementation of new techniques as they emerge. Here we present SSAGES, a publicly available Software Suite for Advanced General Ensemble Simulations designed to interface with multiple widely used molecular dynamics simulations packages. SSAGES allows facile application of a variety of enhanced sampling techniques—including adaptive biasing force, string methods, and forward flux sampling—that extract meaningful free energy and transition path data from all-atom and coarse-grained simulations. A noteworthy feature of SSAGES is a user-friendly framework that facilitates further development and implementation of new methods and collective variables. In this work, the use of SSAGES is illustrated in the context of simple representative applications involving distinct methods and different collective variables that are available in the current release of the suite. The code may be found at: https://github.com/MICCoM/SSAGES-public.
Likelihood for transcriptions in a genetic regulatory system under asymmetric stable Lévy noise
Authors: Wang Hui , Cheng Xiujun , Duan Jinqiao , Kurths Jürgen , Li Xiaofan
Published: January 2018

This work is devoted to investigating the evolution of concentration in a genetic regulation system, when the synthesis reaction rate is under additive and multiplicative asymmetric stable Lévy fluctuations. By focusing on the impact of skewness (i.e., non-symmetry) in the probability distributions of noise, we find that via examining the mean first exit time (MFET) and the first escape probability (FEP), the asymmetric fluctuations, interacting with nonlinearity in the system, lead to peculiar likelihood for transcription. This includes, in the additive noise case, realizing higher likelihood of transcription for larger positive skewness (i.e., asymmetry) index β, causing a stochastic bifurcation at the non-Gaussianity index value α = 1 (i.e., it is a separating point or line for the likelihood for transcription), and achieving a turning point at the threshold value β≈−0.5 (i.e., beyond which the likelihood for transcription suddenly reversed for α values). The stochastic bifurcation and turning point phenomena do not occur in the symmetric noise case (β = 0). While in the multiplicative noise case, non-Gaussianity index value α = 1 is a separating point or line for both the MFET and the FEP. We also investigate the noise enhanced stability phenomenon. Additionally, we are able to specify the regions in the whole parameter space for the asymmetric noise, in which we attain desired likelihood for transcription. We have conducted a series of numerical experiments in “regulating” the likelihood of gene transcription by tuning asymmetric stable Lévy noise indexes. This work offers insights for possible ways of achieving gene regulation in experimental research.