bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЩОДО ОБМЕЖЕННЯ ПОШИРЕННЯ ПОЖЕЖ ПІД ЧАС АВАРІЙ НА ТРАНСФОРМАТОРНОМУ ОБЛАДНАННІ
Authors: Klуmas R. , Nizhnуk V. , Feshchuk Yu. , Stylyk I. , Nekora V. , Nesenuk L.
Published: April 2022

Проблема. Трансформатор є одним із найбільш пожежонебезпечних видів обладнання на електро-підстанціях. За аварійних режимів роботи або пошкодження цілісності корпусу вони можуть обумовити пожежу. Статистичні дані про пожежі свідчать, що 50 % від пожеж в енергетичній галузі припадають на трансформаторне обладнання; як правило, такі пожежі супроводжуються аварійним виливанням масла із трансформатора та його загорянням.Мета. Аналіз сучасного стану системи обмеження поширення пожежі під час аварій на маслонаповнених трансформаторних підстанціях.Методи. Роботу проведено за допомогою аналітичних методів досліджень шляхом збору, узагальнення, обробки й аналізу статистичних даних про пожежі та їх наслідки, що виникають під час експлуатації маслонаповнених трансформаторів, а також вимог нормативних документів щодо обмеження поширення пожежі під час аварій на мас-лонаповнених трансформаторних підстанціях.Результати. Аналіз інформаційно-аналітичних матеріалів Міністерства енергетики України за останні п’ять років вказує, що щороку близько 47 % пожеж виникає на підприємствах електричних мереж. Аналіз іноземного досвіду щодо обмеження поширення пожежі під час аварій на маслонаповнених трансформаторних підстанціях показав, що зарубіжні підходи аналогічні вітчизняним. Разом із тим, визначено ряд конструктивних параметрів, що негативно впливають на ефективність обмеження поширення пожежі. Зокрема, Правилами улаштування електроустановок передбачено оснащення електропідстанцій маслоприймачами, що по всій площі засипається гравієм, який внаслідок впливу навколишнього середовища постійно забруднюється, чим погіршує свою про-пускну й охолоджувальну здатність, тому його періодично збирають, промивають, сушать, засипають, що є тру-домістким й економічно затратним процесом.Висновки. Результати досліджень показали, що сучасні підходи до обмеження поширення пожежі під час аварій на маслонаповнених трансформаторних підстанціях недостатні й економічно затратні для мінімізації наслідків горіння розливів трансформаторного масла. Подальші дослідження, спрямовані на розкриття зако-номірностей зміни температури трансформаторного масла від параметрів і характеристик маслоприймача, ста-нуть підґрунтям для підвищення ефективності системи обмеження поширення пожежі на таких об’єктах.
Modelo de Gobernanza: Propuesta Mataquito
Authors: Cid Omar
Published: April 2022

Este documento está orientado al desarrollo de una propuesta para la conformación de una organización que facilite la venta de servicios y productos asociados al sector turismo del destino Mataquito, y que está definido inicialmente para el territorio de tres comunas: Licanten, Hualañe y Curepto.
Proyecto Salud Telemental: Cápsula 5 - Recursos de apoyo
Authors: Figueroa Saavedra Carla
Published: April 2022

Proyecto “Salud Telemental, prevención del suicidio en la comunidad escolar”, desarrollado por un equipo multidisciplinario compuesto por la carrera de Fonoaudiología, Clínica Psicológica y la Oficina de Inclusión y Equidad de Género de la Universidad Autónoma de Chile en conjunto con el departamento de Psicología de la Universidad Católica del Maule.
ANALISIS PENGARUH RASIO KEUANGAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LABA Sudi Pada perusahaan non bank yang tergabung dalam kelompok LQ45 yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2010- 2014”
Authors: Pangaribuan Hasudungan -
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh variabel Working Capital to Total Asset (WCTA), Current Liabilities To Inventory (CLI), Operating Income to Total Assets (OITL), Total Asset Turnover (TAT), Net Profit Margin (NPM) dan Gross Profit Margin (GPM) terhadap pertumbuhan laba.Data diperoleh dengan metode purposive sampling dengan kriteria (1) Perusahaan non bank yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) yang masuk ke dalam penghitungan indeks LQ45 periode Agustus 2014 sampai dengan Januari 2015, (2) Perusahaan non bank yang konsisten ada selama periode penelitian (2010 sampai dengan 2014), (3) Perusahaan non bank yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) yang menyediakan data laporan keuangan selama periode penelitian (2010 sampai dengan 2014) dan (4) Perusahaan non bank tidak menghasilkan laba negatif selama periode 2010 sampai dengan 2014, dan (5) Perusahaan non bank yang data-data keuangannya menghasilkan distribusi normal (tahun 2010 sampai dengan 2014).Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa data-data yang digunakan didalam penelitian ini telah memenuhi asumsi klasik, yang meliputi: tidak terjadi gejala multikolinearitas, tidak terdapat autokorelasi, tidak terjadi gejala heteroskedastisitas, dan data terdistribusi normal. Dari hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa variabel Working Capital to Total Asset (WCTA), variabel Total Asset Turnover (TAT), Net Profit Margin (NPM) secara parsial berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan laba dan variabel Current Liability to Inventory (CLI) secara parsial berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan laba.  Sedangkan, Operating Income to Total Assets (OITL) dan Gross Profit Margin (GPM) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan laba. Keenam variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini (WCTA, CLI, OITL, TAT, NPM dan GPM) secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan laba. Kemampuan prediksi dari keenam variabel secara simultan adalah sebesar 0,000.Kata kunci: Working Capital to Total Asset (WCTA), Current Liabilities To Inventory (CLI), Operating Income to Total Assets (OITL), Total Asset Turnover (TAT), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Gross Profit Margin (GPM) dan pertumbuhan laba.
PENGARUH BIAYA PROMOSI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN VOLUME PENJUALAN PADA CV SUSU CERIA KIDS DI KOTA DEPOK
Authors: Irmal Irmal -
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAK               Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk mengetahui biaya promosi, jumlah penjualan dan pengaruh biaya promosi (sebagai variabel X) terhadap penjualan (sebagai variabel Y) pada CV Susu Ceria Kids di Kota Depok. Rancangan hipotesis penelitian ialah H0:rxy=0, bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara x dan y; dan Ha:rxy≠0, bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara x dan y. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan membandingkan nilai t-hitung (th) koefisien korelasi x dan y (rxy) dengan nilai kritis t-tabel (tt) maka H0 ditolak, Ha diterima dan sebaliknya apabila th<tt maka H0 diterima, Ha ditolak.             Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada tulisan ini ialah metode kuantittaif asosiatif (korelatif) sedangkan pengolahan data kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis statistik. Populasi dan sampel penelitian ini ialah data laporan keuangan CV Susu Ceria Kids periode tahun 2012 sampai dengan tahun 2016.Berdasarkan hasil analisis korelasi pearson’s product moment diperoleh koefisien korelasi rxy =0,867 dengan koefisien determinan Kd= 82,63%, uji hipotesis;th=3.88>tt=2.57 (dua arah) dan persamaan regresi y=-341.14 + 8.46 X. Ini dapat dijelaskan bahwa nilai konstanta dari persamaan regresi di atas, yakni sebesar 341.14, nilai konstanta merupakan nilai konstan atau nilai tetap jika diasumsikan biaya promosi bernilai 0, sehingga apabila diasumsikan demikian, maka penjualan produk tetap pada 341.14, selain nilai konstanta, dari persamaan regresi di atas juga diketahui nilai koefisien regresi, yaitu sebesar 8.46, nilai ini menggambarkan besarnya kenaikan biaya promosi naik Rp.1.000.000, maka penjualan naik Rp. 8.460.000 Kata Kunci: Biaya Promosi terhadap penjualan
“PENGARUH TASK IDENTITY, TASK SIGNIFICANCE, DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SMP AL AMANAH”
Authors: Rahmanita Fika -
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAK Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara task identity, task significance, kepuasan kerja, terhadap kinerja.Metode survei digunakan, dengan purposive sampling dipilih sebagai teknik pengambilan sampel. Sampel terdiri dari 24 responden. Dimana variabel dalam penelitian bisa memperkuat atau justru menjadi kelemahan yang berperan untuk hubungan antara antara task identity, task significance, kinerja, dan kepuasan kerja. Kemudian, variabel yang memiliki hubungan terkuat adalah faktor utama yang perlu ditingkatkan untuk meningkatkan kinerja.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa task identity, task significance dan kepuasan kerja mempengaruhi kinerja, namun task identity dan task significance tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja. Task identity memiliki pengaruh paling besar terhadap kinerja. Oleh karena itu untuk meningkatkan kinerja guru SMP Al Amanah, perlu ditingkatkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi task identity. Kata kunci: task identity, task significance, kepuasan kerja, kinerja
In Situ Process Monitoring: A Perspective on the Role of In Situ Process Monitoring in the Certification of Additive Manufactured Space Hardware
Authors: Lanigan Erin
Published: April 2022

In situ process monitoring refers to any technology that monitors an additive manufacturing (AM) process. The range of technologies is as broad as the range of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods and can even extend to machine health monitoring more traditionally associated with process control (McCann et al. 2021). For example, voltage, current, and pressure sensors can be used to detect if something abnormal occurs in the regular operations of the AM machine, including the machinery, laser or arc, ventilation, wire feed, or powder recoating processes. If these sensors detect an off-nominal condition, that region of the AM build can be investigated by checking the data streams from other process monitoring technologies, or after the build using NDE.
Thermal Calibration of Ratiometric, On-Axis Melt Pool Monitoring Photodetector System Using Tungsten Strip Lamp
Authors: Diehl Brett , Castro Alberto , Jaquemetton Lars , Beckett Darren
Published: April 2022

In situ melt pool monitoring is a set of technologies widely deployed on industrial, metals-based laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing (AM) systems. This study investigates the use of a calibrated tungsten ribbon lamp as a reference standard to calibrate a photodetector based, on-axis melt pool monitoring system. Calibration demonstrates two functions: (a) enable a reference for measuring and ensuring system repeatability, and (b) enable reference to physical temperature values based on the measured photodetector signals. The second function is explored in this paper. A regression-based model is derived based on bichromatic Planck thermometry theory. The calibrated tungsten lamp is then placed within a LPBF system, and resulting photodetector signals are measured at different lamp temperature set points to calibrate the model. Finally, several additional characterization tests and their results are presented verifying the temporal response of the lamp, measurement noise as a function of sampling time, and spectroscopic measurements of the LPBF optics and their potential effect on temperature calibration. A framework is also developed to normalize temperature readings across the build plate to remove location-dependent optical artifacts.
Analysis of Hydro Magnetic Flow of Visco Elastic Fluid in a Vertical Channel
Authors: Dr. Anil Kumar Arya
Published: April 2022

In the present paper we have Analysis of hydro magnetic flow of visco elastic fluid. Hydro magnetic visco elastic fluid flow between two horizontal infinite parallel porous plates with time varying sinusoidal pressure gradient and magnetic field has been discussed in the present study. The visco elasticity in an effective approach to modeling the dissipative mechanism. Some interesting observations are low-frequency oscillating pressure gradient Prevents back flow, significant reduction in skin frictions is observed by embedding the channel in porous medium and magnetic field and elasticity decelerate the fluid flow and also in this paper a Theoretical Analysis is carried out of study the visco elastic effects on hydro magnetic heat & mass transfer in a vertical channel. The two vertical plates are in porous medium and non-uniform wall temperatures. A magnetic field of uniform strength is applied in the direction perpendicular to the plates. The visco elastic fluid flow is characterized by second order fluid. The effects of different flow parameters on skin friction are analyzed and illustrated graphically.
Elastic, Mechanical and Thermophysical Properties of HMo2 (H= Zr and Hf) Laves Phase Compounds
Authors: Khan Ahmad Anas  , Mohd.Imran Aziz
Published: April 2022

Using the Lennard - Jones many body interactions potential technique, the elastic, mechanical, thermophysical, and ultrasonic characteristics of HMo2 (H= Zr and Hf) laves phase compounds were investigated. Other ultrasonic parameters are calculated using second-order elastic constants. Mechanical constants such as Young's modulus, bulk modulus, shear modulus, Poisson's ration, ductility, and anisotropy factor have also been calculated. Laves phase compounds satisfy the Born Criterion for mechanical stability since their Pugh's ratio (the ratio of bulk modulus to shear modulus) is smaller than 1.75, indicating that they are brittle. These ZrMo2 and HfMo2 ultrasonic velocities and thermal relaxation times are calculated using calculated elastic constants and lattice parameters under the same physical conditions. For the evaluation of anisotropic behaviour and thermophysical parameters, the orientation dependent ultrasonic velocities and thermal relaxation time were also examined. The obtained results are evaluated in order to understand more about the properties of laves phase compounds.
Quantization of RxS3 Topological Klein-Gordon Field Theory
Authors: Omprakash Atale
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we have portrayed scalar and complex Klein-Gordon field theory on RxS3 topological space. The corresponding Klein-Gordon equation was established by M. Carmeli in October 1983. The field theory is formulated using differential operators defined on S3 topology instead of ordinary Cartesian operators. Furthermore, we have quantized the theory and commutation relations along with the Hamiltonian for the theory are derived.
Cyber Security : Strategy to Security Challenges A Review
Authors: Shruti Rajesh Nistane  , Radhika Rajesh Sharma
Published: April 2022

During recent years,the wireless communication and technologies have given rise to many cyber crimes and exploited the cyber security. Cybersecurity is the protection and prevention of internet-connected systems like hardware, software and data from cyberthreats and harms.Cyber security is important for the protection of confidentiality, integrity and availability of information assets. Perhaps the biggest challenge of cyber security is the continuous and immense growth in technology. The paper proposes challenges and issues related to cyber security. Some major challenges are phishing attacks, ransomware attack, IoT attacks and many more.
This paper proposes a framework describing cyber terrorism. So there is need to create awareness about cyber security so that there will be safe and secure environment for users.
Application of Standardized Nursing in the Perioperative Period of Patients with Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Liang Weijing
Published: April 2022

Objective — To explore the standardized nursing program for idiopathic scoliosis deformity correction under general anesthesia during perioperative period. Methods — Retrospective analysis 28 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) as the research object admitted from 2020 July to August 2021. The nursing plan formulated in the operating room of our hospital was strictly implemented, patients and surgical risks were comprehensively evaluated before surgery, the operating room, surgical instruments and intraoperative drugs were carefully prepared, the operation was performed with strict aseptic techniques, the surgical medical team cooperated skillfully, and the changes of the condition were closely observed after surgery. Results  — Operations were smoothly conducted for all the 28 patients with full recovery. The patients were proved without presence of symptoms of skin pressure injury, nervous system injury, serious timeout, postoperative paralysis, hemorrhagic shock and other serious adverse events. Conclusions  — Posterior orthopaedic surgery for scoliosis is proved to be difficult for operation with long duration and high risks. There are many risk factors in perioperative nursing. According to standardized and specialized nursing programs, strict intervention throughout the perioperative period can improve the quality of nursing in the operating room, which can improve the efficiency of surgery, reduce the risk of surgery, ensure the safety of patients, and promote the rapid recovery of patients.
Valutazione della scuola e sue influenze sul processo di insegnamento-apprendimento
Authors: Rosa Nelma Simone Santana , Pires Jorge da Silva
Published: April 2022

La valutazione scolastica deve essere considerata un’attività di monitoraggio e trasformazione del processo di insegnamento-apprendimento e che, pertanto, non può essere generata come atto prefabbricato o ristretto o solo attraverso esami e test che definiranno la capacità intellettuale degli studenti. Quindi, considerando le implicazioni che la valutazione presenta nel processo educativo, emerge come una domanda guida: qual è l’influenza della valutazione scolastica sul processo di insegnamento e apprendimento? L’obiettivo principale dello studio è quello di incitare alla valutazione e a ciò che può influenzare nel processo di insegnamento-apprendimento nell’ambiente scolastico. Si tratta di una ricerca qualitativa, che ha come approccio il metodo dialettico, che prescrive i vari cambiamenti nel processo di valutazione, poiché l’analisi del materiale viene approfondita all’interno di una prospettiva interpretativa e sociale, al fine di produrre informazioni, scoperte e nuove domande sull’argomento. I risultati e le conclusioni presentati sottolineano l’idea che la valutazione, se ben lavorata e compresa, in modo continuo e integrato durante l’insegnamento all’insegnante, funge da base e contribuisce a interferire efficacemente dell’insegnante nell’apprendimento degli studenti.
Violência de gênero no âmbito castrense e atuação do Ministério Público Militar
Authors: Galhardo Juliana Fuchs Vieira
Published: April 2022

Diante do aumento da violência de gênero na sociedade contemporânea muitas mulheres têm sofrido com ações desumanas dos agressores. A partir disso, tem-se observado que as mulheres militares, do mesmo modo, se encontram vulneráveis a se tornarem vítimas de violência familiar, social e profissional. Nesse contexto, a presente pesquisa aborda um tema atual de grande relevância jurídica e social, uma vez que a violência de gênero contra a mulher está atrelada a uma real questão de direitos humanos que merece ser analisada no campo de estudo do Direito. Dentro dessa perspectiva, buscou-se responder esses três questionamentos principais: Pode existir a caracterização de crime militar com a ocorrência da violência de gênero contra a mulher militar? Qual a competência para processar e julgar os crimes tocantes a violência de gênero contra as mulheres militares? Como se dá a atuação do Ministério Público Militar na coibição dessas condutas? Nessa linha de pensamento, essa pesquisa tem como objetivo, analisar o tema da ocorrência de violência de gênero em desfavor da mulher militar e quais são as consequências jurídicas de tal acontecimento. Assim, com a finalidade de encontrar respostas no campo jurídico para essas perguntas, foi utilizada a linha metodológica de pesquisa exploratória e bibliográfica, com a devida análise da legislação correspondente e o entendimento da doutrina jurídica sobre o assunto, e ainda, uma investigação jurisprudencial a respeito do tema, para compreender como esses casos de violência têm sido tratados na prática, pelo ordenamento jurídico. Desta forma, com os resultados da pesquisa, verificou-se que as condutas de violência de gênero praticadas contra a mulher militar podem caracterizar um crime militar, desde que presentes os requisitos da atual legislação castrense. Quanto à competência para processamento e julgamento de tais delitos, fica a cargo da especializada Justiça Militar. No que tange, por fim, a atuação do Ministério Público Militar, concluiu-se que este desempenha louvável função, no amparo às vítimas militares, uma vez que, detém a atribuição de apurar e coibir tais práticas criminosas, podendo oferecer mecanismos de proteção e prevenção, concedendo medidas protetivas e prestando acompanhamento aos casos, contribuindo assim, para a responsabilização dos agressores.
Considerações sobre o Espaço Europeu de Ensino Superior em face do comunicado ministerial de Paris
Authors: Passos Rogério Duarte Fernandes dos
Published: April 2022

O artigo objetiva revisitar brevemente a história do Processo de Bolonha e que culminou no ano de 2010 no Espaço Europeu de Ensino Superior (EEES), em contexto de proposição de um quadro comum para o ensino superior na Europa, perpassando como objetivo geral a breve análise de seus documentos estruturais até – por meio de pesquisa predominantemente bibliográfica e qualitativa –, alcançar como questão norteadora uma sucinta análise do Comunicado Ministerial de Paris, o último produzido pelos ministros responsáveis pela educação dos países membros, tendo como principal resultado o diagnóstico do estado atual de edificação do EEES e investigação em direção ao seu futuro próximo.
Gestor em saúde na SES Tocantins: Avaliação de conhecimentos e competências
Authors: Barbosa César Martins , Pinto Isabela Cardoso de Matos
Published: April 2022

Trata-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo, cujo objetivo principal é a caracterização do perfil do gestor em saúde, através do mapeamento dos conhecimentos e competências. No que diz respeito ao conhecimento e aplicação das leis que regem o processo licitatório, 93% dos entrevistados conhecem as leis de licitação e as utilizam no seu dia a dia de trabalho, enquanto 6,7% têm conhecimento sobre o assunto, porém, não o utilizam no desempenho de suas tarefas. Em relação às bases legais do SUS é conhecida por apenas 73,3% da amostra. Os dados demonstram que 80% dos profissionais conhecem a LRF. Sobre a  LOA, apenas 40% dos profissionais entrevistados afirmam conhecê-la. Quando os sujeitos foram indagados sobre o seu conhecimento em relação à PPA, apenas 60% disseram conhecer o instrumento. O SIOPS é conhecido por apenas 40% do grupo. 86,7% dos profissionais conhecem o RAG. Já a PPI é conhecida por 66,7% dos profissionais entrevistados. Quanto ao PS, somente, 66,7% afirmam conhecê-lo, o PES é conhecido por 86,7% dos entrevistados. Indagados sobre a agenda de prioridades, 66,7% afirmam conhecê-la. Algumas competências gerenciais são muito estimuladas, outras não. Dentre as estimuladas, estão: abertura para mudanças, ética e profissionalismo e consciência da qualidade, com 46,7% dos entrevistados respondendo de forma positiva a estes estímulos. Outras competências como atuação de forma preventiva e expressar-se de modo crítico (40% cada) e conhecimento sobre as políticas de saúde (53,3%). Além disso, vê-se: trabalho em equipe (40%), comunicação (46,7%) e visão estratégica (33,3%). Outras competências são razoavelmente estimuladas: iniciativa e criatividade; e capacidade de liderar pessoas (26,7% cada). 40% dos gestores não se sentem estimulados a participar dos processos decisórios. Ao final do estudo, percebeu-se a influência do perfil dos gestores no aperfeiçoamento das práticas de gestão, já que mostrou as potencialidades e os desafios enfrentados e servirá de base para o processo de qualificação permanente dos profissionais envolvidos na gestão, traduzida em ações mais efetivas e eficientes, proporcionadas pelo conhecimento e uso dos mecanismos de apoio ao gerenciamento do SUS.
Factores que afectan la competitividad de las pymes agrocítricas manufactureras en Michoacán
Authors: Aguilasocho Montoya Dora , Guerra Ríos Jonatán , Galeana Figueroa Evaristo
Published: April 2022

El propósito de la siguiente investigación es determinar y analizar de qué manera inciden los factores tales como el marketing, la administración de la relación con el cliente (cRm), la gestión del conocimiento y el capital intelectual en la competitividad de las pymes agrocítricas manufactureras de Michoacán, utilizando un cuestionario con escala tipo Likert que se aplicó a los empresarios y/o mandos altos gerenciales responsables de las mismas. Utilizando un análisis estadístico, aplicando la regresión lineal, anovas y correlación bivariada. Revelando que el capital intelectual y la gestión del conocimiento son las variables que más impactan en la competitividad de las pymes agrocítricas manufactureras de Michoacán.
First Nations Water Crisis - What is Environmental Chemistry?
Authors: Bastos Nathalia , Rouanet Pierre , Chen William , Galloro Matthew , Feng Amanda
Published: April 2022

This presentation explores the First Nations water crisis from the perspective of environmental chemistry.
Sentiment Analysis: Water Crisis
Authors: Wahby Joy Girgis
Published: April 2022

The objective of this project was to identify the affective states of commenters in news stories about the First Nations water crisis and determine how they are connected to settler-colonial mythologies about Indigenous peoples. It connects public sentiments on the water crisis to sociopolitical imaginaries about Indigenous peoples while also offering a counter-narrative to the colonial mythologies within the comments. There is also a visual representation of the sentiment analysis that goes along with the essay.
Marignan... morne plaine ! Pour une histoire-bataille de "1515" en classe
Authors: Bugnard Pierre-Philippe
Published: April 2022

2015 a suscité une exposition au retentissement international au Musée national suisse à Zurich: «1515 Marignan»*. La visite que j’ai faite le 2 mai a été pour moi l’occasion d’une double révélation. D’une part, la distance séparant les représentations usuelles de Marignan, qui associent cet événement à la naissance de la neutralité, et les récits issus de la confrontation aux sources directes de la bataille, en particulier imagées, est très importante. D’autre part, j’ai été impressionné par la fresque de Hodler dans la grande galerie du Landesmuseum dont la diffusion depuis un siècle aura sans doute fixé de manière déterminante le mythe de Marignan, dans les manuels comme dans l’opinion. D’où l’idée de proposer une démarche de distanciation à nos classes, entre sources historiennes et inventions historiographiques, à partir d’une bataille emblématique de l’histoire nationale et européenne
Der « Hype » um den Ersten Weltkrieg. Ausgangspunkt eines neuen Narrativs über die Schweiz im Grossen Krieg ?
Authors: Kuhn Konrad J.
Published: April 2022

Der Beitrag fragt am Beispiel des Hypes um die Schweiz im Ersten Weltkrieg danach, was Jubiläen wie das Centenaire mit historischer Forschung tun. Kann Forschung die öffentliche Aufmerksamkeit nutzen, um neue Erkenntnisse zu popularisieren und in die öffentliche Diskussion einzubringen? Eröffnet der Hype so eine neue Phase bezüglich der Inhalte und Zugänge historischer Forschung oder bestätigt er traditionelle Sichtweisen und Mythen ?
La Grande Guerre : civilisation et barbarie
Authors: Vandepitte Paul
Published: April 2022

The Great War is the first war in which millions of soldiers from five continents took part. In this article we focus on the economic and technological aspects of the war, as well as the mental and cultural dimensions in the lives of the soldiers in their situations in this war. The ai mis to present, in a chronological order, a number of documents from the historiography on the Great War. Pupils are encouraged to reflect on the phenomenon of war, not only in terms of ‘good’ and ‘bad’, but to penetrate the complexity and the subtlety of human relations in an industrial war. In this way young people have the opportunity to enter the mental vulnerability of soldiers living in the worst conditions. The case of Siegfried Sassoon, suffering from shell shock, is a real eye-opener. The poems of this English officer allow the opportunity to engage with his mental suffering and make us understand the humanity of his outlook.
Fra Europa e Oriente nel Seicento : il viaggio di Pietro della Valle
Authors: Cajani Luigi
Published: April 2022

The life and writings of Pietro della Valle, a Roman nobleman who travelled throughout the Ottoman Empire, Persia and India between 1614 and 1626, can be very useful in history education because they not only offer rich information on these Oriental countries in modern times, but also highlight important elements of coeval European culture.
Visite scolaire dans un mémorial : d'un fait historique mis en exposition à des contenus d'apprentissages
Authors: Souplet Catherine
Published: April 2022

This paper is part of some educational research that takes as its object school visit situations in the Memorial Internment and Deportation of Royallieu-Compiègne. Several aspects have already been the subject of analysis in other publications: the status of the actors involved, as well as the identification of learning contents. This text continues the discussion by studying how the historical fact is put on display in the Memorial and presented by the teaching intervener, all contribu ting to construct learning contents for students.
Role of Sex on the Clinical Outcomes of Coronary Artery Diseases Treated with Drug-Eluting Stents
Authors: Batth Prabjot K , Alsabri Mohammed
Published: April 2022

Background: With consideration of differing cardiac characteristics between women and men, such as coronary vessel sizes, this study was constructed to investigate if sex-based differences are present following drug-eluting stent implantation.
Methods: Using PubMed and MeSH search tags, published data analyzing the potential sex differences in clinical outcomes following drug-eluting stent implantation was collected.
Results: As compared to male patients, women had similar incidences of major adverse cardiac events and stent thrombosis at long-term follow-up despite being found to consistently have smaller vessels, higher incidences of advanced age, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension at hospital admission. At short-term follow-up, however, women had an increase of major adverse cardiac events as compared to men with complex lesions. Furthermore, height may play a role in clinical outcomes following treatment with a drug-eluting stent. Additionally, women may have superior healing responses with lower neointimal obstruction and lower maximum cross-sectional narrowing following drugeluting stent implantation.
Conclusions: When differing baseline characteristics were corrected for with multivariate analysis, drug-eluting stents demonstrate similar clinical outcomes in women and men at long-term follow-up.
Cardiovasc j 2022; 14(2): 157-167
Bilateral Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy for a Patient with Chronic Pulmonary Thromboembolism Developing Severe Pulmonary Hypertension – A Case Report
Authors: Biswas Prodip K , MA Gafur , H Rahman , Dasgupta Saikat , Chanda Prasanta K
Published: April 2022

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a disease with high mortality and few treatment options. Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) is the treatment of choice to relieve pulmonary artery obstruction in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). This is a challenging procedure in our perspective because of number of regions such as, late diagnosis, scarcity of appropriate instruments, lack of skilled surgeon as it is not familiar to them. Here we are presenting such a case that was also diagnosed incidentally. We successfully operated the patient with chronic pulmonary thromboembolism with severe pulmonary hypertension.
Cardiovasc j 2022; 14(2): 176-179
David Procedure for Valve-Sparing Aortic Root Replacement in a Marfan Syndrome Patient
Authors: Gupta Saikat Das , Hasan Sharif , Biswas Sarmistha , Ahmed Tanvir , Haque Mozibul , Chanda PK
Published: April 2022

Valve-sparing aortic root replacement (VSRR) is an established treatment method for aortic root dilatation and aortic valve insufficiency (AI). It was developed to restore the aortic valve functions in patients of aortic root aneurysms with morphologically normal aortic valve. We hereby present a case of 67 years, male, with aortic root aneurysm and severe aortic regurgitation who was treated successfully by David’s procedure for valve sparing aortic root replacement technique.
Cardiovasc j 2022; 14(2): 185-190
Dos documentos inéditos: Las escrituras del Banco de Tacna en los 150 años de su fundación
Authors: Quenta Loza Paolo Mario , Villanueva Quispe Alonso Anibal , Peralta Casani Pedro Pablo
Published: April 2022

El Banco de Tacna fue una sociedad y/o compañía de carácter privado que inició sus operaciones siete años antes de la guerra con Chile, para facilitar las actividades comerciales que articulaban a Tacna y Arica con el vecino país de Bolivia, principalmente.

Además de estas operaciones, el Banco de Tacna realizaba empréstitos para la ejecución de obras públicas en la ciudad, como ocurrió con la refacción del hospital San Ramón, el cual tuvo que ser demolido a consecuencia de las torrenciales lluvias de 18774. Dicha labor continuaría durante la ocupación chilena, con préstamos para el ﬁnanciamiento de servicios públicos como la Empresa Eléctrica de Arica, así como empréstitos a empresas mineras, comerciales y a personas naturales con créditos hipotecarios (Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores del Perú, 1927, pp. 405-406).

Durante la guerra con Chile, el Banco de Tacna brindó importantes servicios al Ejército del Sur, por los cuales se amplió el plazo para la circulación de sus billetes hasta después de culminado el conﬂicto bélico (Campubri, 1957, p.336). Luego de la batalla del Campo de la Alianza, el 26 de mayo de 1880, el ejército chileno inició la ocupación de Tacna e impuso contribuciones forzosas solidarias a los principales comerciantes y propietarios del departamento, entre los cuales se incluyó al Banco de Tacna con una cuota de cinco mil soles. Varios de sus accionistas tuvieron que pagar montos similares (Choque, 2009, p. 74).

En el periodo de la ocupación chilena de Tacna y Arica, el gobierno peruano usó los servicios del Banco de Tacna para el pago de las subvenciones a las escuelas, diarios peruanos y organizaciones de beneﬁcencia que funcionaban en ambas ciudades (González, 2017, p. 100). Incluso uno de sus gerentes, M. Artidoro Espejo, quien actuaba como un agente peruano encubierto, fue obligado a renunciar a su cargo por las autoridades chilenas, al conocerse sus actividades en las ciudades cautivas (Barreto, 1912, pp. 226-227).
POEMAS
Authors: Pomacosi Mansilla Jhener
Published: April 2022

Lobo estepario

Un ser extraño, salvaje y sombríodía y noche recorre solitariotristes calles al borde del vacío

por donde arrastra en las horas finalessus pasos heridos, un lobo esteparioperdido entre nosotros, los normales.

Acecha desde lejos los hogares,los dignos no lo ven, no quieren verlo,conformes como están con sus azares.

El lobo los observa conmovido,porque nadie se atreve a conocerlomás allá de dos promesas y un olvido.

No pertenece a ellos su morada,no nació para vivir en manada.
Blockade of α2-Adrenergic Receptors in the Caudal Raphe Region Enhances the Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity Response to Acute Intermittent Hypercapnia in Rats
Authors: MADIRAZZA K , PECOTIC R , PAVLINAC DODIG I , VALIC M , DOGAS Z
Published: April 2022

The study investigated the role of α2-adrenergic receptors of the caudal raphe region in the sympathetic and cardiovascular responses to the acute intermittent hypercapnia (AIHc). Urethane-anesthetized, vagotomized, mechanically ventilated Sprague-Dawley rats (n=38) were exposed to the AIHc protocol (5×3 min, 15 % CO2+50 % O2) in hyperoxic background (50 % O2). α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist-yohimbine was applied intravenously (1 mg/kg, n=9) or microinjected into the caudal raphe region (2 mM, n=12) prior to exposure to AIHc. Control groups of animals received saline intravenously (n=7) or into the caudal raphe region (n=10) prior to exposure to AIHc. Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were monitored before exposure to the AIHc protocol (T0), during five hypercapnic episodes (THc1-5) and at 15 min following the end of the last hypercapnic episode (T15). Following intravenous administration of yohimbine, RSNA was significantly greater during THc1-5 and at T15 than in the control group (P<0.05). When yohimbine was microinjected into the caudal raphe region, AIHc elicited greater increases in RSNA during THc1-5 when compared to the controls (THc1: 138.0±4.0 % vs. 123.7±4.8 %, P=0.032; THc2: 137.1±5.0 % vs. 124.1±4.5 %, P=0.071; THc3: 143.1±6.4 % vs. 122.0±4.8 %, P=0.020; THc4: 146.1±6.2 % vs. 120.7±5.7 %, P=0.007 and THc5: 143.2±7.7 % vs. 119.2±7.2 %, P=0.038). During THc1-5, significant decreases in HR from T0 were observed in all groups, while changes in MAP were observed in the group that received yohimbine intravenously. These findings suggest that blockade of the α2-adrenegic receptors in the caudal raphe region might have an important role in sympathetic responses to AIHc.
The Protective Effect of Mangiferin on Osteoarthritis: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study
Authors: WANG Y , GUO X , FAN X , ZHANG H , XUE D , PAN Z
Published: April 2022

Mangiferin is a kind of polyphenol chemical compound separated from these herbal medicines of Mangifera indica L., Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. and Belamcanda chinensis L., which has anti-inflammatory, anti-virus, and other physiological activities without toxic effects. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease that is also a kind of arthritis disease in which articular cartilage or bones under the joint is damaged. In addition, artificial replacements are required in severe cases. At present, there are not too much researches on the potential biological activities of mangiferin that plays a protective role in the treatment of OA. In this study, we evaluated the protective effect of mangiferin on osteoarthritis (OA) in vitro and in vivo. First, the effect of different concentrations of mangiferin on rat chondrocytes was determined by MTT assay. Second, the effects of mangiferin on the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13, TNF α, Collagen II, Caspase-3, and cystatin-C in interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced rat chondrocytes were examined by the real-time polymerase chain reaction in vitro, meanwhile the effects of mangiferin on the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway were also investigated by Western Blot. Finally, the anti-osteoarthritic protective effect of mangiferin was evaluated in the rat model by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) combined with bilateral ovariectomy-induced OA in vivo. The results showed that the mangiferin was found to inhibit the expression of MMP-13, TNF-α, and Caspase-3 which also increased the expression of Collagen II and cystatin-C in IL 1β induced rat chondrocytes. In addition, IL-1β-induced activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and the degradation of inhibitor of κB (IκB)-α were suppressed by mangiferin. For the in vivo study in a rat model of OA, 100 μl of mangiferin was administered by intra-articular injections for rats, the results showed that the cartilage degradation was suppressed by mangiferin through Micro CT and Histological Examination. According to both in vitro and in vivo results, mangiferin has a protective effect in the treatment of OA which may be a promising therapeutic agent for OA.
Combined Effect of Acute Altitude Exposure and Vigorous Exercise on Platelet Activation
Authors: LACKERMAIR K , SCHÜTTLER D , KELLNAR A , SCHUHMANN C , WECKBACH L , BRUNNER S
Published: April 2022

Exposure to high altitudes and exercise alters body’s physiology and may cause acute cardiovascular events. Platelet activation is one of the key players in these events. Therefore, we investigated the effect of vigorous exercise at higher altitude (2650 m) on platelet aggregation and serum markers of platelet activation. 14 healthy subjects performed a step incremental ergometer test until exhaustion at the Environmental Research Station (UFS, 2650 m) at Zugspitze. Platelet aggregation and serum levels of endothelin-1, soluble p-selectin, platelet factor 4 and Chromogranin A were measured. Platelet activation was significantly enhanced after exercise at high altitude compared to measures immediately prior exercise. We detected significantly enhanced serum levels of endothelin-1 and soluble p-selectin whereas chromogranin A and platelet factor 4 remained unchanged. This effect might be due to increased endothelin-1 levels causing pulmonary vasoconstriction, rheological changes and direct platelet activation. This might be of clinical relevance, especially in patients with pre-existing diseases.
Leishmania infantum Defective in Lipophosphoglycan Biosynthesis Interferes With Activation of Human Neutrophils
Authors: Quintela-Carvalho Graziele , Goicochea Astrid Madeleine Calero , Mançur-Santos Vanessa , Viana Sayonara de Melo , Luz Yasmin da Silva , Dias Beatriz Rocha Simões , Lázaro-Souza Milena , Suarez Martha , de Oliveira Camila Indiani , Saraiva Elvira M. , Brodskyn Cláudia I. , Veras Patrícia T. , de Menezes Juliana P.B. , Andrade Bruno B. , Lima Jonilson Berlink , Descoteaux Albert , Borges Valéria M.
Published: April 2022

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is often associated with hematologic manifestations that may interfere with neutrophil response. Lipophosphoglycan (LPG) is a major molecule on the surface of Leishmania promastigotes, which has been associated with several aspects of the parasite–vector–host interplay. Here, we investigated how LPG from Leishmania (L.) infantum, the principal etiological agent of VL in the New World, influences the initial establishment of infection during interaction with human neutrophils in an experimental setting in vitro. Human neutrophils obtained from peripheral blood samples were infected with either the wild-type L. infantum (WT) strain or LPG-deficient mutant (∆lpg1). In this setting, ∆lpg1 parasites displayed reduced viability compared to WT L. infantum; such finding was reverted in the complemented ∆lpg1+LPG1 parasites at 3- and 6-h post-infection. Confocal microscopy experiments indicated that this decreased survival was related to enhanced lysosomal fusion. In fact, LPG-deficient L. infantum parasites more frequently died inside neutrophil acidic compartments, a phenomenon that was reverted when host cells were treated with Wortmannin. We also observed an increase in the secretion of the neutrophil collagenase matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) by cells infected with ∆lpg1 L. infantum compared to those that were infected with WT parasites. Furthermore, collagen I matrix degradation was found to be significantly increased in ∆lpg1 parasite-infected cells but not in WT-infected controls. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a substantial boost in production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during infection with either WT or ∆lpg1 L. infantum. In addition, killing of ∆lpg1 parasites was shown to be more dependent on the ROS production than that of WT L. infantum. Notably, inhibition of the oxidative stress with Apocynin potentially fueled ∆lpg1 L. infantum fitness as it increased the intracellular parasite viability. Thus, our observations demonstrate that LPG may be a critical molecule fostering parasite survival in human neutrophils through a mechanism that involves cellular activation and generation of free radicals.
Identification of RNA Methylation-Related lncRNAs Signature for Predicting Hot and Cold Tumors and Prognosis in Colon Cancer
Authors: He Rong , Man Changfeng , Huang Jiabin , He Lian , Wang Xiaoyan , Lang Yakun , Fan Yu
Published: April 2022

N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), and 7-methylguanosine (m7G) are the major forms of RNA methylation modifications, which are closely associated with the development of many tumors. However, the prognostic value of RNA methylation-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in colon cancer (CC) has not been defined. This study summarised 50 m6A/m1A/m5C/m7G-related genes and downloaded 41 normal and 471 CC tumor samples with RNA-seq data and clinicopathological information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. A total of 1057 RNA methylation-related lncRNAs (RMlncRNAs) were identified with Pearson correlation analysis. Twenty-three RMlncRNAs with prognostic values were screened using univariate Cox regression analysis. By consensus clustering analysis, CC patients were classified into two molecular subtypes (Cluster 1 and Cluster 2) with different clinical outcomes and immune microenvironmental infiltration characteristics. Cluster 2 was considered to be the “hot tumor” with a better prognosis, while cluster 1 was regarded as the “cold tumor” with a poorer prognosis. Subsequently, we constructed a seven-lncRNA prognostic signature using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression. In combination with other clinical traits, we found that the RNA methylation-related lncRNA prognostic signature (called the “RMlnc-score”) was an independent prognostic factor for patients with colon cancer. In addition, immune infiltration, immunotherapy response analysis, and half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) showed that the low RMlnc-score group was more sensitive to immunotherapy, while the high RMlnc-score group was sensitive to more chemotherapeutic agents. In summary, the RMlnc-score we developed could be used to predict the prognosis, immunotherapy response, and drug sensitivity of CC patients, guiding more accurate, and personalized treatment regimens.
Case Report: Report of Two Cases of Interstitial Lung Disease Caused by Novel Compound Heterozygous Variants in the ABCA3 Gene
Authors: Chen Fang , Xie Zhiwei , Zhang Victor Wei , Chen Chen , Fan Huifeng , Zhang Dongwei , Jiang Wenhui , Wang Chunli , Wu Peiqiong
Published: April 2022

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a heterogeneous group of pulmonary disorders involving the lung interstitium and distal airways, also known as diffuse lung disease. The genetic defects resulting in alveolar surfactant protein dysfunction are a rare cause of ILD in pediatric patients. We report two unrelated pediatric patients with shortness of breath, dyspnea and hypoxemia, and the chest CT findings including patchy ground-glass opacity in both lung fields, suggestive of diffuse ILD. One patient was a full-term male infant who had shortness of breath a few hours after the birth, and then developed into severe respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Whole exome sequencing revealed novel compound heterozygous variants in the ABCA3 gene (NM_001,089.3): paternally inherited c.4035+5G > A and c.668T > C (p.M223T), and maternally inherited c.1285+4A > C. The second patient was a 34-month-old boy with onset of chronic repeated cough and hypoxemia at 9 months of age. We unveiled novel compound heterozygous ABCA3 variants (c.704T > C, p.F235S; c.4037_4040del, p.T1346Nfs*15) in this patient. Surfactant protein dysfunction due to bi-allelic mutations in the ABCA3 gene was the cause of ILD in two patients. The novel mutations found in this study expanded the spectrum of known mutations in the ABCA3 gene.