bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Functional determinants of enhanced and depressed inter-areal information flow in NREM sleep between neuronal ensembles in rat cortex and hippocampus
Authors: Olcese Umberto , Bos Jeroen J. , Vinck Martin , Pennartz Cyriel M.A.
Published: February 2018

Compared to wakefulness, neuronal activity during non-REM sleep is characterized by a decreased ability to integrate information, but also by the re-emergence of task-related information patterns. To investigate the mechanisms underlying these seemingly opposing phenomena, we measured directed information flow by computing transfer entropy between neuronal spiking activity in three cortical regions and the hippocampus of rats across brain states. State-dependent information flow resulted to be jointly determined by the anatomical distance between neurons and by their functional specialization. We distinguished two regimes, operating at short and long time scales, respectively. From wakefulness to non-REM sleep, transfer entropy at short time scales increased for inter-areal connections between neurons showing behavioral task correlates. Conversely, transfer entropy at long time scales became stronger between non-task modulated neurons and weaker between task- modulated neurons. These results may explain how, during non-REM sleep, a global inter-areal disconnection is compatible with highly specific task-related information transfer.

Author Summary

The brain remains active during deep sleep, yet we still do not know which rules govern information processing between neurons across wakefulness and sleep. Here we provide a first study of how information flow at the level of spiking activity varies as a function of brain state, temporal scale, brain area and behavioral task correlates of single neurons. We found that inter-areal communication at millisecond time scales is enhanced during sleep compared to wakefulness between neurons that code for task information. Conversely, non-modulated neurons showed more prominent communication at longer time scales. These results indicate that multiple, functionally determined communicative architectures coexist in the brain, and provide a novel framework to understand information processing and its consequences during sleep.
The Atypical Rho GTPase CHW-1 Works With SAX-3/Robo to Mediate Axon Guidance inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Alan Jamie K. , Robinson Sara , Magsig Katie , Demarco Rafael S. , Lundquist Erik A.
Published: February 2018

During development, neuronal cells extend an axon towards their target destination in response to a cue to form a properly functioning nervous system. Rho proteins, Ras-related small GTPases that regulate cytoskeletal organization and dynamics, cell adhesion, and motility, are known to regulate axon guidance. Despite extensive knowledge about canonical Rho proteins (RhoA/Rac1/Cdc42), little is known about theCaenorhabditis elegans(C. elegans) atypical Cdc42-like family members CHW-1 and CRP-1 in regards to axon pathfinding and neuronal migration.chw-1(Chp/Wrch) encodes a protein that resembles human Chp (Wrch-2/RhoV) and Wrch-1 (RhoU), andcrp-1encodes for a protein that resembles TC10 and TCL. Here, we show thatchw-1works redundantly withcrp-1andcdc-42in axon guidance. Furthermore, proper levels ofchw-1expression and activity are required for proper axon guidance. When examining CHW-1 GTPase mutants, we found that the native CHW-1 protein is likely partially activated, and mutations at a conserved residue (position 12 using Ras numbering, position 18 in CHW-1) alter axon guidance and neural migration. Additionally, we showed thatchw-1genetically interacts with the guidance receptorsax-3in PDE neurons. Finally, in VD/DD motor neurons,chw-1works downstream ofsax-3to control axon guidance. In summary, this is the first study implicating the atypical Rho GTPaseschw-1andcrp-1in axon guidance. Furthermore, this is the first evidence of genetic interaction betweenchw-1and the guidance receptorsax-3. These data suggest thatchw-1is likely acting downstream and/or in parallel tosax-3in axon guidance.
Multiplex single-molecule DNA barcoding using an oligonucleotide ligation assay
Authors: Severins Ivo , Szczepaniak Malwina , Joo Chirlmin
Published: February 2018

Detection of specific nucleic acid sequences is invaluable in biological studies such as genetic disease diagnostics and genome profiling. Here we developed a highly sensitive and specific detection method that combines an advanced oligonucleotide ligation assay (OLA) with multicolor single-molecule fluorescence. We demonstrated that 7-nt long DNA barcodes have the optimal short length to ascertain specificity while being long enough for sufficient ligation. Using four spectrally separated fluorophores to label DNA barcodes, we simultaneously distinguished four DNA target sequences differing by only a single nucleotide. Our new single-molecule approach will allow for accurate identification of low abundance molecules without the need for target DNA pre-amplification.
Resistance-promoting effects of ependymoma treatment revealed through genomic analysis of multiple recurrences in a single patient
Authors: Miller Christopher A. , Dahiya Sonika , Li Tiandao , Fulton Robert S. , Smyth Matthew D. , Dunn Gavin P. , Rubin Joshua B. , Mardis Elaine R.
Published: February 2018

As in other brain tumors, multiple recurrences after complete resection and irradiation of supratentorial ependymoma are common and frequently result in patient death. This standard-of-care treatment was established in the pregenomic era without the ability to evaluate the effect that mutagenic therapies may exert on tumor evolution and in promoting resistance, recurrence, and death. We seized a rare opportunity to characterize treatment effects and the evolution of a single patient's ependymoma across four recurrences after different therapies. A combination of high-depth whole-genome and exome-based DNA sequencing of germline and tumor specimens, RNA sequencing of tumor specimens, and advanced computational analyses were used. Treatment with radiation and chemotherapies resulted in a substantial increase in mutational burden and diversification of the tumor subclonal architecture without eradication of the founding clone. Notable somatic alterations included aMEN1driver, several epigenetic modifiers, and therapy-induced mutations that impacted multiple other cancer-relevant pathways and altered the neoantigen landscape. These genomic data provided new mechanistic insights into the genesis of ependymoma and pathways of resistance. They also revealed that radiation and chemotherapy were significant forces in shaping the increased subclonal complexity of each tumor recurrence while also failing to eradicate the founding clone. This raises the question of whether standard-of-care treatments have similar consequences in other patients with ependymoma and other types of brain tumors. If so, the perspective obtained by real-time genomic characterization of a tumor may be essential for making effective patient-specific and adaptive clinical decisions.
Efficiency and coherence preservation studies of Be refractive lenses for XFELO application
Authors: Kolodziej Tomasz , Stoupin Stanislav , Grizolli Walan , Krzywinski Jacek , Shi Xianbo , Kim Kwang-Je , Qian Jun , Assoufid Lahsen , Shvyd'ko Yuri
Published: February 2018

Performance tests of parabolic beryllium refractive lenses, considered as X-ray focusing elements in the future X-ray free-electron laser oscillator (XFELO), are reported. Single and double refractive lenses were subject to X-ray tests, which included: surface profile, transmissivity measurements, imaging capabilities and wavefront distortion with grating interferometry. Optical metrology revealed that surface profiles were close to the design specification in terms of the figure and roughness. The transmissivity of the lenses is >94% at 8 keV and >98% at 14.4 and 18 keV. These values are close to the theoretical values of ideal lenses. Images of the bending-magnet source obtained with the lenses were close to the expected ones and did not show any significant distortion. Grating interferometry revealed that the possible wavefront distortions produced by surface and bulk lens imperfections were on the level of ∼λ/60 for 8 keV photons. Thus the Be lenses can be succesfully used as focusing and beam collimating elements in the XFELO.
Quantum regime of a plasma-wave-pumped free-electron laser in the presence of an axial magnetic field
Authors: Shirvani H. , Jafari S.
Published: February 2018

The quantum regime of a plasma-whistler-wave-pumped free-electron laser (FEL) in the presence of an axial-guide magnetic field is presented. By quantizing both the plasma whistler field and axial magnetic field, anN-particle three-dimensional Hamiltonian of quantum-FEL (QFEL) has been derived. Employing Heisenberg evolution equations and introducing a new collective operator which controls the vertical motion of electrons, a quantum dispersion relation of the plasma whistler wiggler has been obtained analytically. Numerical results indicate that, by increasing the intrinsic quantum momentum spread and/or increasing the axial magnetic field strength, the bunching and the radiation fields grow exponentially. In addition, a spiking behavior of the spectrum was observed with increasing cyclotron frequency which provides an enormous improvement in the coherence of QFEL radiation even in a limit close-to-classical regime, where an overlapping of these spikes is observed. Also, an upper limit of the intrinsic quantum momentum spread which depends on the value of the cyclotron frequency was found.
Electron crystallography with the EIGER detector
Authors: Tinti Gemma , Fröjdh Erik , van Genderen Eric , Gruene Tim , Schmitt Bernd , de Winter D. A. Matthijs , Weckhuysen Bert M. , Abrahams Jan Pieter
Published: February 2018

Electron crystallography is a discipline that currently attracts much attention as method for inorganic, organic and macromolecular structure solution. EIGER, a direct-detection hybrid pixel detector developed at the Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland, has been tested for electron diffraction in a transmission electron microscope. EIGER features a pixel pitch of 75 × 75 µm2, frame rates up to 23 kHz and a dead time between frames as low as 3 µs. Cluster size and modulation transfer functions of the detector at 100, 200 and 300 keV electron energies are reported and the data quality is demonstrated by structure determination of a SAPO-34 zeotype from electron diffraction data.
Synthesis and crystal structure of a new Cu3Au-type ternary phase in the Au–In–Pd system: distribution of atoms over crystallographic positions
Authors: Ptashkina Evgeniya A. , Kabanova Elizaveta G. , Tursina Anna I. , Yatsenko Alexandr V. , Kuznetsov Victor N.
Published: February 2018

A new Cu3Au-type ternary phase (τ phase) is found in the AuPd-rich part of the Au–In–Pd system. It has a broad homogeneity range based on extensive (Pd,Au) and (In,Au) replacement, with the composition varying between Au17.7In25.3Pd57.0and Au50.8In16.2Pd33.0. The occupancies of the crystallographic positions were studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction for three samples of different composition. The sites withm\overline{3}msymmetry are occupied by atoms with a smaller scattering power than the atoms located on 4/mmmsites. Two extreme structure models were refined. Within the first, the occupation type changes from (Au,In,Pd)3(Pd,In) to (Au,Pd)3(In,Pd,Au) with an increase in the Au gross content. For the second model, the occupation type (Au,In,Pd)3(Pd,Au) remains essentially unchanged for all Au concentrations. Although the diffraction data do not allow the choice of one of these models, the latter model, where Au substitutes In on 4/mmmsites, seems to be preferable, since it agrees with the fact that the homogeneity range of the τ phase is inclined to the Au corner and provides the same occupation type for all the studied samples of different compositions.
Effect of pH on the charge-assisted hydrogen-bonded assembly of the anionic [Cu(oxalate)2]2−building unit andN,N′-ditopic cations
Authors: Klongdee Fatima , Boonmak Jaursup , Youngme Sujittra
Published: February 2018

By the solvothermal reaction under acidic conditions of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, Na2C2O4and theN,N′-ditopic organic coligands 1-(pyridin-4-yl)piperazine (ppz) and 1,2-bis(pyridin-4-yl)ethane (bpa), two novel anionic copper(II) coordination compounds were obtained, namely the one-dimensional coordination polymercatena-poly[4-(pyridin-1-ium-4-yl)piperazin-1-ium [[(oxalato-κ2O1,O2)copper(II)]-μ-oxalato-κ3O1,O2:O1′]], {(C9H15N3)[Cu(C2O4)2)]}nor {(H2ppz)[Cu(C2O4)2]}n, (I), and the discrete ionic complex 4,4′-(ethane-1,2-diyl)dipyridinium bis(oxalato-κ2O1,O2)copper(II), (C12H14N2)[Cu(C2O4)2] or (H2bpa)[Cu(C2O4)2], (II). The products were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analyses and UV and IR spectroscopic techniques. The [Cu(C2O4)2]2−units for (I) and (II) are stabilized by H2ppz2+and H2bpa2+cations, respectively,viacharge-assisted hydrogen bonds. Also, a study of the pH-controlled synthesis of this system shows that (I) was obtained at pH values of 2–4. When using bpa, a two-dimensional square-grid network of [Cu(C2O4)(bpa)]nwas obtained at a pH of 4. This indicates that the pH of the reaction also plays a key role in the structural assembly and coordination abilities of oxalate andN,N′-ditopic coligands.
Principled negotiation: an evidence-based perspective
Authors: Hak Frederik Reinder , Sanders Karin
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to argue that the adaptation of the principled negotiation approach within organizations demonstrates similarities with the adaptation of evidence-based management and is the result of cognitive biases and cultural values instead of specific and conscious choices within the adopted negotiation style.

Design/methodology/approach

The adaptation of principled negotiation and evidence-based management are considered as a lack of willingness to be innovative at the organizational level, and when these ideas are introduced will meet resistance.

Findings

The analysis of the principled negotiation approach as an approach which – similar to evidence-based management – is vulnerable to cognitive biases and cultural values offers a solution on how to effectively adapt this approach within organizations.

Research limitations/implications

Implications for research include a research design to test the assumptions of this paper to consider principled negotiations and evidence-based management approaches as innovative approaches.

Practical implications

Organizations and decision makers within organizations can benefit from the analysis in this paper.

Social implications

Companies and parties in a negotiation phase can benefit from the analysis by paying attention to the cognitive biases and cultural values of the other parties rather than paying attention to the first offer and the choices made in the negotiation.

Originality/value

This is the first paper to analyze principled negotiations from an evidence-based management perspective.
Voicing concerns for greater engagement
Authors: Gupta Manish , Ravindranath Sindhu , Kumar Y.L.N.
Published: February 2018

Purpose

Scholars argue that supervisor’s job insecurity may affect subordinates’ work engagement. Moreover, this relationship may be mediated by subordinates’ pro-social voice and the relationship between the supervisor’s job insecurity and subordinates’ pro-social voice may be moderated by organizational culture. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is twofold. First, to examine the mediating role of the subordinate’s pro-social voice between supervisor’s job insecurity and subordinates’ work engagement. Second, to test the moderating role of organizational culture between supervisor’s job insecurity and the subordinates’ pro-social voice.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were gathered from employees of a large hospital in India using face-to-face data cross-sectional survey method. To test the proposed hypotheses, ordinary least squares regression analysis was performed on the data obtained.

Findings

The results indicated support for the proposed model in two ways. First, the subordinate’s pro-social voice mediated the relationship between supervisor’s job insecurity and the subordinate’s work engagement. Second, organizational culture acted as a moderator between supervisor’s job insecurity and the subordinate’s pro-social voice.

Research limitations/implications

The results augment social exchange theory by identifying the crucial role that voicing concerns plays in reducing the negative impact of supervisor’s job insecurity on the subordinates’ work engagement.

Practical implications

The study findings encourage managers to create an organizational culture that allows the subordinates to challenge their supervisor’s decisions.

Originality/value

To the best of the researchers’ knowledge, this is the first study to test job insecurity of the supervisors instead of the same respondents as a predictor of pro-social voice.
Obstacles and methods of financing for the development of local entrepreneurship in Iran
Authors: Sadeghloo Tahereh , Sojasi Qeidari Hamdollah , Salehi Mahdi , Faal Jalali Amin
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of the current study is to investigate the public and private financing obstacles to medium- and small-scale entrepreneurs in rural areas in Iran.

Design/methodology/approach

Descriptive analytic research method is used for collecting field data among 5,770 owners of entrepreneurial businesses located in rural areas of Mashhad in 2015.

Findings

The results showed that there are numerous public and private obstacles in rural entrepreneurship financing in Iran, which are the main factors for short-term loan repayment in public sector, and in the private sector, they result in entrepreneurs’ lack of access to the source of financing. Moreover, there are a variety of financing methods for entrepreneurship in rural areas, among which personal resources and borrowings are the most important ones. Thus, lack of serious and persistent governmental support from local entrepreneurs causes many entrepreneurial failures at the early stages of entrepreneurial activity in villages of Iran.

Originality/value

So far, few studies have been conducted on the subject of the study; hence, the results of the current study may be helpful to the developing nations.
Effects of ethnic changes on house prices: Sydney cases
Authors: Ge Xin Janet
Published: February 2018

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the factors that contribute to the changes of house prices including ethnic factors. Australia is a multicultural country with diversified ethnicities. The median price of established houses (unstratified) in Sydney has reached a new record high of $910,000 in December 2015, increasing around 58.2 per cent from March 2011 [Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), 2015a]. However, the prices of some suburbs have increased more than prices of others.

Design/methodology/approach

Six suburbs that represent ethnic majority originally including White, India and China will be selected as pilot studies. Hedonic regression analysis will be applied for the analysis based on 2001, 2006 and 2011 census data.

Findings

It is found that the main drivers of house prices are the dwelling physical characteristics and accessibility to convenient transportation. The level of household income also plays an important role. However, the impact of changes of ethnic on changes of prices is not significant.

Research limitations/implications

The study adds to the growing literature on the ethnicity changes on dwelling prices and is important for understanding whether some of the clusters of ethnic concentration or segregation effects property markets. This study is significant in its understanding of the main characteristics of ethnic changes of suburbs in Sydney.

Practical implications

An implication is that policy makers can attract different ethnic groups and encourage multicultural communities when they formulate housing and planning policies.

Originality/value

The relationship between ethnicity and house price appreciation is not extensively studied in Australia. This research contributes to the literature on the effects of ethnic changes on house prices and implications of policy formulation to encourage multicultural communities.
A process model for identifying online customer engagement patterns on Facebook brand pages
Authors: Potdar Vidyasagar , Joshi Sujata , Harish Rahul , Baskerville Richard , Wongthongtham Pornpit
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop and empirically test a process model (comprising of seven dimensions), for identifying online customer engagement patterns leading to recommendation. These seven dimensions are communication, interaction, experience, satisfaction, continued involvement, bonding, and recommendation.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors used a non-participant form of netnography for analyzing 849 comments from Australian banks Facebook pages. High levels of inter-coder reliability strengthen the study’s empirical validity and ensure minimum researcher bias and maximum reliability and replicability.

Findings

The authors identified 22 unique pattern of customer engagement, out of which nine patterns resulted in recommendation/advocacy. Engagement pattern communication-interaction-recommendation was the fastest route to recommendation, observed in nine instances (or 2 percent). In comparison, C-I-E-S-CI-B-R was the longest route to recommendation observed in ninety-six instances (or 18 percent). Of the eight patterns that resulted in recommendation, five patterns (or 62.5 percent) showed bonding happening before recommendation.

Research limitations/implications

The authors limited the data collection to Facebook pages of major banks in Australia. The authors did not assess customer demography and did not share the findings with the banks.

Practical implications

The findings will guide e-marketers on how to best engage with customers to enhance brand loyalty and continuously be in touch with their clients.

Originality/value

Most models are conceptual and assume that customers typically journey through all the stages in the model. The work is interesting because the empirical study found that customers travel in multiple different ways through this process. It is significant because it changes the way the authors understand patterns of online customer engagement.
Managers’ perception of mobile technology adoption in the Life Insurance industry
Authors: Naicker Visvanathan , Van Der Merwe Derrick Barry
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that influence the adoption of mobile technology by considering the information technology (IT) managers’ perception. The research identified the key challenges managers faced and whether management would adopt mobile technology or not.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative approach was used for this research, whereby an explanatory research was utilised. Questionnaires were developed and distributed to respondents who were in management and leadership positions and who were responsible for IT within their organisations. Demographic variables of age, gender differences, level of education, level of experience and culture were tested for association to the perceived factors and adoption. A χ2 of association was used to test the association between demographic variables and mobile technology adoption.

Findings

The results found that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived complexity and perceived cost are important factors for adoption. However, perceived risk was a key factor in the adoption of mobile technology. Mobile strategy adoption must consider perceived risk factors central to the adoption. The younger generation (20 to 40) years found it easier to adopt technology than the older generation of 41 years and older. Individuals with a post matriculation level of education understood the importance of risk and cost required for adoption.

Research limitations/implications

Purposive sampling from a single industry (Life Insurance) was used. Limited literature was available regarding managers perception of mobile technology adoption in the Life Insurance industry.

Practical implications

The research offers managers insight into the important factors that need to be considered in adopting mobile technology.

Originality/value

With mobile technology being pervasive, the research seeks to provide managers with the insight in managing the adoption of the technology.
The behavioural response of the professional buyer on social cues from the vendor and how to measure it
Authors: van Zeeland Eveline , Henseler Jörg
Published: February 2018

Purpose

Vendors’ social cues – physical or behavioural hints – have an impact on the professional buyer. However, little is known about that impact. The purpose of this paper is to place knowledge about the impact of social cues that other disciplines acquired in the context of business-to-business (B2B) marketing to contribute constructively to the research agenda.

Design/methodology/approach

By integrating findings on the processing of social cues and the behavioural response from the disciplines of neuroscience, biology and psychology (specifically the behavioural inhibition system [BIS]/behavioural activation system [BAS]-theory), this paper aims to provide an interdisciplinary perspective on the automatic evaluation of vendors by professional buyers.

Findings

Social cues are likely to be of substantial value in the (first) encounter between buyer and seller. Positively evaluated social cues create an approach-motivated behavioural intention, whereas negatively evaluated ones create avoidance. This process is probably predominantly mediated by trust and moderated by personality and contextual factors.

Research limitations/implications

This paper stimulates research about the impact of social cues in a B2B context. While such knowledge would add practical value, this paper also explores possibilities for managers to use neuroscientific techniques to assess and train sales agents.

Originality/value

The impact of social cues is hardly covered in the B2B marketing literature, but they have an important impact on B2B decision-making. The conceptual framework combines the BIS/BAS theory (approach/avoidance) with the SOR-model (stimulus-organism-response), which is unique to the B2B marketing field.
Sexual aggression in sport
Authors: Carter Daniel Mark , Khan Roxanne , Brewer Gayle
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the sexual aggression in sport literature, including an analysis of interventions delivered to athletes that focus on the role of the coach and wider sporting community. The paper will also discuss the limitations of applying such prevention methods and possible directions for future research.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper provides an overview of research investigating the prevalence of sexually aggressive behaviour perpetrated by athletes, theoretical explanations of their sexual misconduct, and the application of violence prevention methods delivered to athletes.

Findings

Research findings are discussed in relation to the prevalence of sexual aggression in sport and the efficacy of prevention methods.

Originality/value

This is a viewpoint piece on sexual aggression in sport.
Knowledge sharing through enterprise social network (ESN) systems: motivational drivers and their impact on employees’ productivity
Authors: Aboelmaged Mohamed Gamal
Published: February 2018

Purpose

This study aims to predict the impact of utilitarian and hedonic motivations on using enterprise social network (ESN) systems for sharing internal and external knowledge, as well as their effects on employee productivity.

Design/methodology/approach

Responses of 115 ESN system users from a wide spectrum of firms have been validated and analysed by means of structural equation modelling using partial least squires (PLS-SEM) method.

Findings

The results indicate that using ESN to share internal and external knowledge has a positive significant impact on employee productivity. Surprisingly, empirical analysis reveals that using ESN tends to be significantly influenced by hedonic rather than utilitarian motivations.

Originality/value

The study is an early empirical attempt that examines using ESN for knowledge sharing, emphasizing its upstream motivational influence and downstream business impact. It also offers managers and ESN vendors a frame of reference to maximize the use of ESN in the workplace to boost employees’ productivity within various contexts.
Low carbon supply chain: a state-of-the-art literature review
Authors: Das Chiranjit , Jharkharia Sanjay
Published: February 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to review the relevant literature on low carbon supply chain management (LCSCM) and classify it on contextual base. It also aims at identifying key decision-making issues in LCSCM. This paper also highlights some of the future challenges and scope of research in this domain.

Design/methodology/approach

A content analysis is carried out by systematically collecting the literature from major academic sources over a period of 18 years (2000-2017), identifying structural dimensions and classifying it on contextual base.

Findings

There is an increasing trend of research on LCSCM, but this research is still in a nascent stage. All supply chain functions such as supplier selection, inventory planning, network design and logistic decisions have been redefined by integrating emissions-related issues.

Research limitations/implications

Limitation of this study is inherent in its unit of analysis. Only peer-reviewed journal articles published in English language have been considered in this study.

Practical implications

Findings of prior studies on low carbon inventory control, transportation planning, facility allocation, location selection and supply chain coordination have been highlighted in this study. This will help supply chain practitioners in decision making.

Originality/value

Though there are an increasing number of studies about carbon emission-related issues in supply chain management, the present literature lacks to provide a review of the overarching publications. This paper addresses this gap by providing a comprehensive review of literature on emissions-related issues in supply chain management.
Building resilient clusters through HRM systems: a multiple mediator model
Authors: Belso-Martinez José , Palacios-Marqués Daniel , Roig-Tierno Norat
Published: February 2018

Purpose

There is a growing research interest in the relationships between networks and the firm’s assets and between networks and innovation. Studies have shown the complexity and idiosyncrasies of these relationships for firms in clusters. The way firms in clusters build certain organizational resources and capabilities, however, remains underexplored. Based on the assumption that most of these organizational assets rely on human resources, the purpose of this paper is to shed light on the mechanisms through which a set of managerial practices (the human resource management (HRM) system) enhances innovation.

Design/methodology/approach

Micro-level data were collected for 139 firms located in three Spanish industrial clusters. Next, the main constructs were developed. A multiple mediator model was then used to examine how HRM systems influence innovation through strategic vision, embeddedness in local networks, the implementation of enterprise systems, and cluster characteristics.

Findings

The effect of HRM systems on innovation performance was indirect rather than direct. All four mediating variables included in the model were found to be relevant mechanisms through which HRM systems affect innovation performance. The statistical significance of these variables, however, varied depending on the type of innovation (product, process, organizational, or marketing).

Practical implications

Greater attention should be paid to the structure and sophistication of HRM systems. Top-level managers should be aware of the linkages between HRM systems and mediators. Greater human resource orientation in strategic planning, enterprise system design, and networking practices reinforces the association between HRM systems and innovation.

Originality/value

This study advances our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between HRM systems and innovation. From an academic perspective, this study enriches the cluster literature by better integrating human resources with innovation processes. Furthermore, this study creates research opportunities by disentangling the role of different managerial practices and refining the operationalization of the mediating variables. The findings can also help managers develop human resources and innovation strategies.
Interpretation in historic gardens: English Heritage perspective
Authors: Hristov Dean , Naumov Nikola , Petrova Petia
Published: February 2018

Purpose

This paper aims to provide an exploratory investigation into contemporary interpretation methods used in historic gardens and their fundamental role in enhancing the visitor experience and sense of a place.

Design/methodology/approach

A series of semi-structured interviews (n= 65) with Wrest Park visitors – who had the opportunity to experience new interpretation methods provided on-site – have been carried out in an attempt to explore their sense of place through interpretation.

Findings

The research suggests that interpretation has a fundamental role to play in “telling the story” of historic gardens, with 92.5 per cent of the sample understanding elements of the place’s history, significance and evolution. The findings further suggest the presence of two distinct visitor typologies – history explorers and leisure seekers.

Practical implications

The study provides implications for theory and practice and recommendations for historic garden practitioners.

Originality/value

The importance of conceptualising and operationalising interpretation in historic gardens has received relatively little attention across the extant body of heritage interpretation literature. English Heritage’s Wrest Park, which is amongst England’s most prominent historic gardens, is used as a case study.
Seismic channel edge detection using 3D shearlets—a study on synthetic and real channelised 3D seismic data
Authors: Karbalaali Haleh , Javaherian Abdolrahim , Dahlke Stephan , Reisenhofer Rafael , Torabi Siyavash
Published: February 2018

Automatic feature detection from seismic data is a demanding task in today's interpretation workstations. Channels are among important stratigraphic features in seismic data both due to their reservoir capability or drilling hazard potential. Shearlet transform as a multi‐scale and multi‐directional transformation is capable of detecting anisotropic singularities in two and higher dimensional data. Channels occur as edges in seismic data, which can be detected based on maximizing the shearlet coefficients through all sub‐volumes at the finest scale of decomposition. The detected edges may require further refinement through the application of a thinning methodology. In this study, a three‐dimensional, pyramid‐adapted, compactly supported shearlet transform was applied to synthetic and real channelised, three‐dimensional post‐stack seismic data in order to decompose the data into different scales and directions for the purpose of channel boundary detection. In order to be able to compare the edge detection results based on three‐dimensional shearlet transform with some famous gradient‐based edge detectors, such as Sobel and Canny, a thresholding scheme is necessary. In both synthetic and real data examples, the three‐dimensional shearlet edge detection algorithm outperformed Sobel and Canny operators even in the presence of Gaussian random noise.
Influencing the Penal Agenda? The Justice Select Committee and ‘Transforming Justice’, 2010–15
Authors: Birkett Gemma
Published: February 2018

This article assesses the policy influence of the House of Commons Justice Select Committee, established to oversee the work of the Ministry of Justice following its creation a decade ago. The committee has, from the outset, overseen many contentious policy and legislative developments in the penal field, although none so extensive as those introduced following the formation of the Conservative–Liberal Democrat coalition government in 2010. Despite the newsworthy nature of its business, the committee has, to some extent, operated in the shadows of its high‐profile sister, the Home Affairs Select Committee, and has received surprisingly limited attention from criminologists and political scientists alike. Forming part of a wider investigation into the work of the committee, this article examines the extent to which it was able to influence penal developments during the coalition years. This period is of particular interest given that it heralded the end of the New Labour administration and welcomed the ‘fresh thinking’ of a coalition leadership keen to emphasise its progressive attitude towards law and order. While the committee was able to influence the direction of penal policy on several occasions, this mostly occurred as a result of its proactive or niche inquiries. The committee had less impact when conducting inquiries that assessed the government's flagship policy agenda, however. Such findings brought into question the ability of the committee to influence the most significant justice transformations in this era of new penal governance.
Beyond the binaries: reshaping pain communication through arts workshops
Authors: Tarr Jen , Cornish Flora , Gonzalez‐Polledo Elena
Published: February 2018

Pain is difficult to communicate and translate into language, yet most social research on pain experience uses questionnaires and semi‐structured interviews that rely on words. In addition to the mind/body dualism prevalent in pain medicine in these studies pain communication is characterised by further value‐laden binaries such as real/unreal, visible/invisible, and psychological/physical. Starting from the position that research methods play a role in constituting their object, this article examines the potential of participatory arts workshops for developing different versions of pain communication. Twenty‐two participants were involved in workshops using drawing, digital photography, sound and physical theatre to explore pain communication. The use of arts materials made pain tangible. By manipulating pain‐related objects, participants could consider alternative relationships to their pain. Pain's sociality was also explored, with relations with clinicians and others emerging as potentially cooperative rather than adversarial. Discussions considered whether pain felt internal or external, and whether it was possible to conceive of a self without pain. We argue that the socio‐material context of participatory arts workshops enabled these alternative versions of pain. Such methods are a useful addition to medical sociology's heavy reliance on qualitative interviewing.
Theology, Idolatry and Science: John Williams’ Missionary Ethnography and Natural History of the South Pacific
Authors: Irving‐Stonebraker Sarah
Published: February 2018

This article contributes to the recent scholarly efforts toward a more sophisticated understanding of the relationship between Protestant missionaries and the practice of natural history and ethnography in the early nineteenth century. Exploring John Williams’ work in the South Pacific, I argue that not only was Williams practicing science in the form of ethnography and natural history, but that his theology was, in fact, central to his scientific work. Through a careful exploration of Williams’ account of his missionary activities in the South Pacific, I contend that Williams’ conception of idolatry served as an explanatory tool that shaped the practice of his ethnography. In the minds of missionaries like Williams, whereas Christianity’s truth was universal, idolatry was the worship of a false god: false because it was just a deification of a particular desire rather than worship of the universal God. This conception of idolatry shaped Williams’ contention, central to his ethnography, that the islanders’ religion was a product of their particular cultural needs. In this way, I argue, Williams used a theological concept to perform explanatory scientific work, contributing to the idea that religion is a product of culture, a notion that became central to nineteenth century studies of religion.
An unsettling explanation for the failure of skatole‐baited ovitraps to capture Culex mosquitoes
Authors: Paiva Marcelo H. S. , Barbosa Rosângela M. R. , Santos Suzane A. , Silva Norma M. , Paula Marcia B. , Ayres Constância F. J. , Leal Walter S.
Published: February 2018

Culex mosquitoes are primarily found in temperate and tropical regions worldwide where they play a crucial role as main vectors of filarial worms and arboviruses. In Recife, a northeast city in Brazil, high densities of Culex quinquefasciatus are often found in association with human populated areas. In marked contrast to another part of the city, field tests conducted in the neighborhood of Sítio dos Pintos showed that trapping of mosquitoes in skatole‐baited ovitraps did not differ significantly from captures in control (water) traps. Thus, classical and molecular taxonomic approaches were used to analyze the Culex species circulating in Sítio dos Pintos. Results obtained from both approaches agreed on the cocirculation of Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex nigripalpus in three different areas of this neighborhood. What was initially considered as an unexpected failure of this lure turned out to be a more unsettling problem, that is, the first report in Recife of Culex nigripalpus, a vector of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and West Nile virus. Unplanned urbanization processes close to remnants of the Atlantic forest, such as observed in Sítio dos Pintos, may have contributed to the introduction of Cx. nigripalpus in urban areas.
Iranian Economy Post‐JCPOA and its Ambitions
Authors: Mehdi‐Zadeh Cyrus
Published: February 2018

Evidence suggests that the Iranian economy is in the cusp of what economists call “Take Off”! The train is leaving the station and Europe, Asia, Latin America and Africa are all on board.
Tackling Europe's Migration ‘Crisis’ through Law and ‘New Governance’
Authors: Cardwell Paul James
Published: February 2018

It has become commonplace to regard the contemporary state of migration to Europe as a ‘crisis’. The European Union has been under pressure to respond effectively to this ‘crisis’, which has gone to the very top of its policy making agenda. However, despite the legal powers the EU has to regulate migration, legislative measures appear to have declined as an appropriate response. Rather, a constant stream of policy documents has referred to ‘tools’ and ‘instruments’ which appear to fall outside the scope of legislative processes, and the democratic scrutiny which goes hand‐in‐hand with them. This article argues that the practices which are emerging from the institutions can be regarded as instances of ‘new governance’, which are found in other areas of EU activity. To do so highlights the risks associated with using non‐legal tools to deal with an area where there are extremely important consequences for individuals. The policy recommendations highlight the need for vigilance to ensure that the EU's stated values are not undermined in the quest for dealing with the migration ‘crisis’.
Two‐species occupancy modelling accounting for species misidentification and non‐detection
Authors: Chambert Thierry , Grant Evan H. Campbell , Miller David A. W. , Nichols James D. , Mulder Kevin P. , Brand Adrianne B.
Published: February 2018

In occupancy studies, species misidentification can lead to false‐positive detections, which can cause severe estimator biases. Currently, all models that account for false‐positive errors only consider omnibus sources of false detections and are limited to single‐species occupancy.

However, false detections for a given species often occur because of the misidentification with another, closely related species. To exploit this explicit source of false‐positive detection error, we develop a two‐species occupancy model that accounts for misidentifications between two species of interest. As with other false‐positive models, identifiability is greatly improved by the availability of unambiguous detections at a subset of site x occasions. Here, we consider the case where some of the field observations can be confirmed using laboratory or other independent identification methods (“confirmatory data”).

We performed three simulation studies to (1) assess the model's performance under various realistic scenarios, (2) investigate the influence of the proportion of confirmatory data on estimator accuracy and (3) compare the performance of this two‐species model with that of the single‐species false‐positive model. The model shows good performance under all scenarios, even when only small proportions of detections are confirmed (e.g. 5%). It also clearly outperforms the single‐species model.

We illustrate application of this model using a 4‐year dataset on two sympatric species of lungless salamanders: the US federally endangered Shenandoah salamander Plethodon shenandoah, and its presumed competitor, the red‐backed salamander Plethodon cinereus. Occupancy of red‐backed salamanders appeared very stable across the 4 years of study, whereas the Shenandoah salamander displayed substantial turnover in occupancy of forest habitats among years.

Given the extent of species misidentification issues in occupancy studies, this modelling approach should help improve the reliability of estimates of species distribution, which is the goal of many studies and monitoring programmes. Further developments, to account for different forms of state uncertainty, can be readily undertaken under our general approach.
Phenological growth stages of Montpelier Rock‐Rose Mediterranean shrub (Cistus monspeliensis): codification and description according to the BBCH scale
Authors: Piga A. , Duce P. , Cesaraccio C.
Published: February 2018

Shrubland species are important vegetation component resulting from the degradation of Mediterranean forests due to anthropic activities, and constitute the first step of soil covering process subsequent to disturbances such as fire, grazing and deforestation. They represent interesting case studies for their adaptability to challenging climate and soil conditions, and for their potential use in the protection and enhancement of biodiversity. Montpelier Rock‐Rose (Cistus monspeliensis) is a shrubland species growing widespread around the Mediterranean Basin. It is a drought semi‐deciduous species well adapted to cope to the particularly severe climate conditions of this area. The BBCH scale is widely adopted throughout the world for the description of growth developmental stages of several economically important crops but a detailed description of the phenological growth stages of Montpelier Rock‐Rose has never been developed. In this work, the description of the phenological growth stages of Montpelier Rock‐Rose according to the BBCH scale was provided. The description is supplemented by images of principal phenological stages. This work might contribute to a better understanding of the life cycles of Mediterranean shrubland species, providing a useful tool for supporting studies on the responses of shrubs to the seasonal changes due to climate warming.
The economic history of Thailand
Authors: Falkus Malcolm
Published: February 2018

The article, which is a first step in writing a general economic history of Thailand, highlights the marked discontinuities between stagnation and growth, mono–crop culture and diversification, which occurred around the 1950s. While many factors were involved, an underlying theme was the transition from ‘expensive’ to ‘cheap’ labour caused by population growth and the closing of the rice frontier.