bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel intercepts for Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Chaudhry Sunil
Published: July 2022

The median survival of patients with newly diagnosed MM was approximately 2.5 years, before the introduction of Proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulators. Bortezomib, thalidomide, lenalidomide, and the introduction of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) have substantially improved overall survival (OS), which now ranges from 5 to 7 years.

Several three-drug (triplet) combination regimens have shown better efficacy in, multiple myeloma. Currently, many MM cell antigens, such as daratumumab which is targeted therapy, vaccines (dendritic cell, myeloma derived protein and peptides) are combined with autologous stem cell transplantation. Treatment of Multiple myeloma expensive ranging between 11000 to 13000 USD.
Assessment of the Effects and Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic in The Bahamas
Authors: Bello Omar , Carrera-Marquis Daniela , Roca María Eugenia , Bethel Natalie , Davis Timyka , Espiga Franklin , Flores Adrián , Ortiz de Mendívil Cloe , Perez-Cuevas Ricardo , Persaud Christopher , Roberts Syreta , Allen Eduardo , Ibarra Francisco , Gonzalez Mauricio , Rodríguez María , Velasco Osmar , Zambrano Omar
Published: July 2022

This DALA Assessment report collects and integrates relevant data for the authorities of the government of the Bahamas, on the effects on the different social, productive, services and infrastructure sectors, which have been caused in the country for the period 2020 -2023 due to the impact generated by the Covid-19 pandemic in the Bahamas. The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the world's economic order and global public health. Social distancing measures to curb the spread of the virus created significant challenges for global economic activity. Sectors such as tourism which depend on the movement of people virtually shut down. The economy of The Bahamas is heavily reliant on tourism, which accounts for approximately 50% of the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The pandemic also highlighted the country's socio-economic vulnerability as businesses and citizens felt the crunch These impacts highlighted the need for comprehensive Disaster Risk Management (DRM) and Health Risk Management (HRM) among other strategies and instruments to serve the country better. The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) is proud of its long-standing partnership with the Government, businesses, and people of The Bahamas towards improving lives and future outcomes. Given the impact of COVID-19 on the health of citizens and the main productive sectors of the economy, the IDB responded to support recovery. The IDB formed a pilot team Preparedness, Recovery and Reconstruction Country Team (P2RCT) for the coordination of DRM and HRM matters in The Bahamas. P2RCT is supporting the country as it improves its response and resilience to natural disasters and other disaster events with the potential to negatively impact the country's already compromised social and economic development. Through a partnership with the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), the Bank deployed a team of local and international research experts to the evaluate and collect pertinent data to prepare this report and to provide recommendations that could inform the creation of a sustainable Health Risk Management (HRM) framework.
Analysis of a Single Manufacturer Multi-Retailer Inventory Competition Using Supermodular Multi-Objective Games
Authors: Setiawan Rubono , Salmah  , Endrayanto Irwan , Indarsih
Published: July 2022

In this research, the optimum decision of a multi-objective inventory game problem has been investigated under strategic complementarities in a multiplayer supply chain. The supply chain comprises a single retailer and multi-retailers under the synchronization process, the wholesale contract, and the buy-back contract policy. We apply some results in supermodular multi-objective game theory to solve these problems. The optimal decision for all players is formed in two equilibria, namely the Pareto equilibrium and the weighted Nash equilibrium. For numerical results, A genetic algorithm and dominance principle elements of the payoff matrix are used to obtain the weighted Nash equilibrium and the weighted Nash equilibrium, respectively. The analytical and numerical results using the supermodular multi-objective games concept can be significant results to solve the supply chain competition problems in the industrial engineering.
Determination of Two Homogeneous Materials in a Bar with Solid-Solid Interface
Authors: Umbricht Guillermo Federico , Tarzia Domingo Alberto , Rubio Diana
Published: July 2022

In this work, a bar fully insulated on its lateral surface. composed by two different unknown materials is considered. For the analytical solution, it is assumed a perfectly assembly solid-solid interface, so no heat loss due to friction is present. This is an ideal scenario, so this loss and possible measurement errors are included by simulating noisy data for the estimation of the thermal conductivity of the unknown materials. A stationary heat transfer process along the bar is considered where a Dirichlet condition is imposed at the left that represents a source of constant temperature. At the other end of the bar, a Robin condition that models heat dissipation by convection, is assumed. The constant thermal conductivity coefficients of both solids are determined under two different situations: a) two noisy temperature measurements are available, one at the interface and the other at the right boundary; b) a temperature measurement at the interface and a heat flow measurement at the right edge of the bar are given. The bounds for the errors in the identification of the unknown coefficients are obtained based on the data measurements, the room temperature and temperature values at the boundary and interface. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the ideas used for the parameter identification and elasticity analysis is carried out to measure the dependence of the data on the estimated parameters.
A High-Accuracy Empirical Formula for the Strain Concentration Factor in Countersunk Holes
Authors: Gharaibeh Mohammad A.
Published: July 2022

This paper presents a modified high-accuracy empirical formula for the strain concentration factor in a centrally-placed countersunk holes in isotropic plate under uniaxial tension. Finite Element Method (FEM) was used to investigate the effect of the problem geometric parameters including, plate width and thickness, as well as the hole radius, countersinking depth and angle on the strain concentration factor. The important influence of Poisson’s ratio was also thoroughly discussed. Based on the FEM-generated data and nonlinear regression, a general and high-precision equation for the strain concentration factor was developed. The formulation process was based on producing a general formula for computing the strain concentration factor with unknown coefficients. Such coefficients are determined by minimizing the relative error between the fitted equation and the FE data using nonlinear least squares method. The results of this newly-developed equation were validated with FEA. The comparison showed high accuracy of the present equation in evaluating strain concentration factor in countersunk holes with a relative approximate error of less than 7%. Besides, this equation was efficiently employed to test the various geometric and material parameters on the strain concentration value of countersunk holes. The results of the present equation were compared to the results of older equation available in literature. The comparison proved much higher accuracy of the present equation in evaluating strain concentration factor especially for deeper and larger countersunk holes than the previously published formula.
Design, Modeling and Optimization of Hybrid Photovoltaic/Wind Turbine System with Battery Storage: Application to Water Pumping
Authors: Tadjine Katia , Rekioua Djamila , Belaid Saloua , Rekioua Toufik , Logerais Pierre-Olivier
Published: July 2022

This paper addresses the modeling, design and optimization of a photovoltaic/wind turbine/batteries system. Tests are made within the area of Bejaia (Algeria), where the solar and wind energies are very exploitable due to its geographical location. The design of the studied system uses the total incident energy approach to determine the size of the photovoltaic and wind generators. The different sources are connected by converters to the DC bus, which optimizes the operation of maximization whatever the weather conditions. The strategy optimization of the PV system is made by three MPPT methods (Pertub & Observ (P&O), Incremental & conductance (INCcond) and fuzzy logic controller (FLC). As for the wind turbine, three MPPT methods have been investigated (Optimal torque control (OTC), Gradient Method (GM) and Fuzzy logic controller (FLC). Following the comparisons of the power, efficiency and response time, the method presenting the best performances is incorporated in the studied system. The simulation is built using Matlab/Simulink. The results obtained during four days of each season (summer, autumn, winter, and spring) are shown and discussed to demonstrate the applicability of the suggested system. To control the water pumping hybrid system, a power control is proposed.
Performance Examinations of Quadrotor with Sliding Mode Control-Neural Network on Various Trajectory and Conditions
Authors: Darwito Purwadi Agus , Wahyuadnyana Kadek Dwi
Published: July 2022

In this article, the performance of the sliding mode control (SMC) that is combined with the backpropagation neural network (NN) as the main control of quadrotor’s dynamic systems was examined on various trajectories and conditions, through numerical simulation. The simulation is conducted with three different trajectories in the absence and presence of the time-varying external disturbances that were adopted from previous studies. The time-varying external disturbances are implemented for the roll, pitch, yaw, and altitude movement simultaneously with the gain set up at the value of 0.8. The simulation results show that the SMC-NN scheme was able to control the quadrotor either in the absence or in the presence of time-varying external disturbances, for each trajectory without any chattering or vibration issues in the quadrotor’s dynamic system. It can be concluded that the SMC-NN is one of the control strategies that are appropriate for the mission with various conditions and circumstances.
Optimization Efficiency of the Aircraft Wing of Cessna 172 Skyhawk by Absorbent Adverse Pressure Using Tangential Suction Slot Without Vacuum Device
Authors: Mousa Naseer A. , Attia Osam H. , Mahmood Hussein A. , Adam Nor Mariah
Published: July 2022

Efficiency of a wing is sufficient at stall angle of attack and breakdown by effecting turbulent flow intensity on upper wing surface which is destroyed the airflow pattern and generated adverse pressure, backflow airstream and forward transition separation point movement closely to the leading edge of the wing. To enhancement a wing efficiency factor at high angle of attacks in this research is using partially sucking adverse pressure to delay the separation point to control the backflow rate and expelling it through the wing tips ends using tangential suction slot channel without using any mechanical means depending on differential static pressure between adverse pressure and the static pressure generated on both win tips ends. Numerical CFD analysis has been managed the case study of the effect suction slot channel located on the upper wing surface at (70%) of the wing chord from the leading edge as a proposed modified wing model of the Cessna 172 Skyhawk half wing at angle of attacks (10°, 12°, 14°, 16°, 18°, 20°, 22°, 24°). The analysis study was conducted at stall speed (90 km/hr.) without flaps where it is equal (25 m/sec). The results of the analytical shows at the range of angle of attacks were chosen between (10° to 24°), lift coefficient CL increased (3.757%), drag coefficient CD is decreased (0.530%) and the wing efficiency lift to drag ratio Δ(CL/CD) is increased to (5.712%) while Δ(CD/CL) is decreased to (5.231%) which these parameters reflected to enhancement the wing to reduce required power at the minimum speed, increase angle of climb and decrease angle of descent reduce landing distance with high angle of attacks.
Image Classification Using a Fully Convolutional Neural Network CNN
Authors: Lahouaoui Lalaoui , Abdelhak Djaalab , Abderrahmane Bendjaafer , Toufik Meddah
Published: July 2022

This article reviews the field of image processing in recent years is enormously developed and it has been used in several specialties like medical, stand-alone, satellite and the purpose of this field is to improve image quality and extract information. Pneumonia has become in recent years a defective disease that affects the majorities of the population is especially the elderly and can sometimes put their lives in danger, in order to save human life early pneumonia diagnostic is necessary; in this work we have based on the detection and classification of patients with pneumonia from their chest x-ray. However, there are several areas where image classification is applied with success, in our work we have used deep learning based on the most common convolutional neural networks to make an image classification of pneumonia disease and to obtained good results and gave several advantages.
Design and Experimental Study of an Efficient Controlled Cooling System for Optical Communication Laser Diodes
Authors: Salim Omar Nameer Mohammed , Mutlag Ammar Hussein , Adnan Salah A. , Mahdi Siraj Qays
Published: July 2022

Optical communication systems (OCSs) have become increasingly important in recent decades because these systems provide high-speed, reasonable cost connectivity. One of the most important parts of OCSs is their optical source, where the laser diode (LD) is the most widely used source type. The devices used to settle and control the laser diode temperature are vital to the operation of OCSs. This paper proposes an efficient controlled cooling system for optical communication LDs using a thermoelectric cooler controlled by an Arduino Uno microcontroller. To accomplish precise and fast control of LD temperature, a proportional integral derivatives algorithm is used. The control program was run on the Arduino Uno board. Analysis of the proposed system model was first performed using a simulation in MATLAB. Robust results were obtained, showing that the LD temperature decreased from 70°C to 25°C in 170 seconds with stable system performance across 6,000 seconds of operation. A second analysis was conducted by constructing the proposed controlled cooling system and implementing real-time testing of its performance. The real-time implementation shows that the proposed system decreases the LD temperature from 71°C to the setpoint temperature (25°C) in 176 seconds. This finding shows a fast, smooth system response with only negligible overshooting and demonstrates the stability of the system performance across 6,000 seconds of testing.
Development of an Environmentally Friendly Synthesis of Titanium Trichloride for Various Industrial Purposes
Authors: Kuzin E.N. , Kruchinina N.E.
Published: July 2022

Studies on the reduction of aqueous solutions of titanium tetrachloride were performed to give titanium trichloride. Experimental data on the anodic dissolution of aluminum in 2.5–10.0 % aqueous solutions of titanium tetrachloride were obtained. It was shown that the reduction of titanium tetrachloride in aqueous solutions increases the pH value and the consumption of the aluminum electrode over the stoichiometric level. It is concluded that it is expedient to use the obtained solutions for wastewater treatment after electrodeposition and effective removal of chromium (VI) compounds at the level of 90–95 % of the stoichiometric amount due to additional effects of coagulation and polycondensation of titanium compounds.
Influence of the Scheme of Bleaching Hardwood Sulfate Pulp Using Chlorine Dioxide on Chlor-Organic Compounds in Wastewater and Cellulose
Authors: Koroleva T.A. , Shvetsova N.V. , Veliyamidova A.V. , Medvedev V.V.
Published: July 2022

Study results of the effect of reducing the steps of the bleaching scheme hardwood sulfate pulp including oxygen-alkaline treatment (OAT) to obtain chlor-organic compounds in filtrates and cellulose. It was determined that a shortened bleaching scheme including oxygen-alkaline treatment would reduce chlorine dioxide consumption by 48 %, to achieve the requirements of best available technologies for the discharge of adsorbed organically bound chlorine in wastewater and the total organic chlorine content in deciduous bleached cellulose.
Flowing Sampler System for Surface Water Bodies
Authors: Kulakova E.S. , Safarov A.M.
Published: July 2022

A flowing sampling system using a complex branched pipeline is presented. The system function is ensured by the water supply from the averaging collector to the signaling pigs. The flowing sampling system instalation involves some transport infrastructure, namely bridges. Issues related to the peculiarities of the movement of fluid through the bridge supports, which affect the uneven distribution of pollutants in the monitored area, were investigated.
Monitoring of Forest Fires in the Baikal Natural Reserve According to the Data of Remote Sensing of the Earth
Authors: Tatarnikov A.V. , Beletskiy A.B. , Zorkaltseva O.S. , Tashchilin M.A. , Shcheglova E.S. , Yakovleva I.P.
Published: July 2022

The monitoring system is presented using data from the Alisa-SK receiving station for forest fires in the Baikal reserve. Methods are described, both tested for many years, and developed and implemented recently.
Current issues in human resources development of the subjects of the student sports system
Authors:   Orenburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ermakova Marina A.
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the current problems of the human resources development of the subjects of the student sports system. The issues under consideration are reflected in the Concept of the student sports development in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025 and in the Intersectoral Programmeme of the student sports development. The article presents the experience and analysis of the implementation of the additional professional training programmeme “Organization of mass sports work in a student sports club” for specialists in the field of student sports.
Physical fitness of the players of the university football team at different stages of the competitive season
Authors:   Saratov State University, Brilenok Nailya B. , Pavlenkovich Svetlana S. ,   Saratov State University
Published: July 2022

The article presents a comparative analysis of indicators of physical and functional readiness of football students with different levels of physical health at the beginning and at the end of the competitive season. The respondents were the football players of Saratov State University team, which is a member of the premier group of the National Student Football League. The sample size consisted of 35 football students aged between 18 and 25 years. The standard of health was determined by using express methods of V. I. Belov and R. M. Bayevsky. The functional readiness of the body was studied in terms of the parameters of the cardiovascular system. Physical fitness was assessed on the basis of a set of standard movement tests. 2 groups of student-athletes with medium and high standards of health were identified. It has been established that the majority of football players are characterized by a high standard of health, a satisfactory adaptation of the body to a physical activity, an excellent and good level of general and special physical fitness at the beginning of the competitive season. Football players with an average standard of health showed tension in adaptive mechanisms, good and average indicators of physical fitness. At the end of the competitive season, football players with an average standard of health had a more pronounced tension in adaptive mechanisms, a decrease in functional fitness and speed endurance compared to baseline studies. Players with a high standard of health had a satisfactory adaptation, improved indicators of general and special physical fitness.
The Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotics on Respiratory Viral Infections: A Hint for COVID-19 Prophylaxis?
Authors: Ahanchian Hamid , Tafrishi Rana
Published: July 2022

The most common human illness is upper respiratory tract infection. It causes a high rate of absenteeism from school and work and decreases efficiency and productivity of individuals in daily life. People with chronic diseases such as asthma, preterm infants and the elderly are more susceptible to viral respiratory tract infections. Preliminary studies have shown that probiotics reduce allergic diseases and asthma and strengthen the immune system, reducing viral infections. This mini-review looks at how probiotics and prebiotics affect viral respiratory tract infection. Functional foods containing well-defined probiotic strains, such as probiotic milk or yogurt can reduce the risk of catching a cold. These probiotic strains represent an easy, healthy, reliable and accessible method for preventing respiratory infections, especially in developing countries. More research is needed to determine the role of probiotics and prebiotics in treating and preventing RTIs and determining whether any susceptible subgroups of respiratory diseases exist and how these subgroups benefit from probiotic supplementation.
Strategies and Challenges for Managing Human Influenza in the Iranian Hospitals: A Qualitative Study in Yazd Province
Authors: Bahariniya Sajjad , Shafii Milad , Madadizadeh Farzan , Sharif Yazdi Mohammad
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Influenza virus is one of the deadliest viruses that has threatened the human population over the years. Every year, organizations and hospitals must be prepared to deal with the disease and treat people with the flu and be able to manage the disease in the hospital. The aim of this study was to identify hospital management strategies for human influenza in Yazd province, central part of Iran.
Methods: This study was a qualitative study with inductive conventional approach. A total of 14 main hospitals in Yazd province were surveyed in 2021. The study population included heads and managers of hospitals, nurses, educational and clinical supervisors, metrons, officials of the quality improvement office and the infection Control Committee. Participants were selected using snowball sampling method. Semi structured interviews were used to collect data. The sample size in this study was up to information saturation. Content analysis method was used to analyze the data.
Results: Using the opinions and views of 38 managers and officials of selected hospitals  in Yazd province, data saturation was obtained. The most important tasks of the hospital management in terms of influenza control and management were divided into 5 areas (field measures, support, training, awareness, protection and measures in the field of human resources). The major challenges   regarding the influenza control and management were classified into 3 areas: hospital (health), macro (university, provincial, national and Ministry of  Health guidelines) and community level. Finally, the most important solutions and suggestions were categorized in these 3 key areas.
Conclusion: Based on the categorized challenges and problems, as well as the classification of the most important strategies and suggestions, useful action can be taken to the control and management of influenza, both at the hospital level and in the community, in Iranian hospitals especially in Yazd province.
Knowledge in Spill Management among Trained and Untrained Healthcare Workers in the Government General Hospital, Kakinada, India
Authors: Kishore.Aligina Krishna , Babu.Goru Krishna , Priyanka.Muppidi Vineela , Korukonda Babji
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Blood and body fluid spillage continues to be a public health problem, despite, advances in our understanding and control of infections. So, this study was done to compare the knowledge in Spill Management among trained and untrained health care workers based on which measures can be taken to reduce the hazards in hospital.
Methods: A Cross-Sectional Study in Teaching Hospital, Kakinada was conducted from September to October 2019 using Semi-structured questionnaire & data was collected from a convenient sampling of  202 Health Care Workers consisting  of Interns & PGs, Staff Nurses, Student Nurses & Lab Technicians, MNOs, Sanitation Staff, & Others divided in to three  groups. Data was obtained from those present in duty at that time and who gave consent. Those who were not willing to participate in the study were excluded. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Data obtained was entered in Excel 2016, analysed using SPSS20 software and presented as Percentage Distribution, Mean & Standard Deviations and Significance applied wherever necessary.
Results:   86.14% (174) had knowledge about Hand hygiene. Knowledge on discarding used materials in the yellow bin was observed in 77.23% (156)  overall. Only 27.23% (55) were aware of proper use of PPEs. 
The right sequence of steps of Spill Management was mentioned by 16.34% subjects overall. 38.61% (78) received training on Spill Management. Hypochlorite was the most used disinfectant for cleaning the spill, as mentioned by 55.94% (113 out of 202). Only 30.2% (61) told they were aware of “Spill Management kit”, of whom, 62.29% (38 of 61) received training (p value obtained is 0.0002).
Conclusion: Spill management is seen highest among Group I compared to Group II. So, trainings must be conducted on Quarterly basis to update and sustain knowledge level among all groups of health care workers as this is a dynamic group.
Investigating the Effects of Social Determinants of Traffic Crash Mortality in Isfahan City
Authors: Jafari Hasan , Amini-Rarani Mostafa , Ranjbar Mohammad , Shafii Milad , Haj-Hashemi Ashraf
Published: July 2022

Introduction Many people die as a result of road traffic crashes globally every year. Low- and middle-income countries had higher road crashes mortality compared to high-income countries and Iran is one of the countries with the high road crashes mortality in the world. Regarding the important and basic role the social components plays in health. The current study aims to investigate social determinants of traffic crash mortality in Isfahan during the 2014-2017.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional data secondary analysis. 29909 traffic crashes were analyzed. Data were extracted from the Hospital Information System (HIS) and analyzed using logistic regression. Social determinants were selected using the Commission on Social Determinants of Health conceptual framework. Data were analyzed with Stata 14 software at a significance level of less than 0.05
Results: we found that 719(2.8%) mortalities were related to traffic accident injury. The death rate due to traffic crash in the hospital was 2.4%. Multivariate logistic regression showed that men (P-value =0.00), unemployed people, less than 65 years of age, injured transported from suburb and passengers of small vans/trucks (P-value <0.00) had higher odds of mortality caused by traffic crashes.
Conclusions: Considering the importance of social factors on traffic crashes mortality, health policy-makers should develop preventive programs and adopting policies based on occupation, sex, age, mode of transport of the injured, and the type of vehicles to inform interventions aimed at reducing injury-related mortality.
CHARACTERIZATION OF FORAGE, SWEET AND BIOMASS SORGHUM FOR AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND ENSILABILITY
Authors: BORTOLUCCI DA ROSA MARIA ANTONIA , TARDIN FLÁVIO DESSAUNE , SOUZA JULIANA MARIA DA SILVA , DOS SANTOS JANAINE APARECIDA POLLI , MACEDO TAINARA DE FREITAS , SANTOS JÉSSICA , FREITAS MURILO HENRIQUE DE , TODESCATTO FELIPE , DA COSTA PARRELLA RAFAEL AUGUSTO , FIGUEIREDO JOSÉ EDSON FONTES , NETO ARTHUR BEHLING , PEREIRA DALTON HENRIQUE
Published: July 2022

This study evaluated sorghum cultivars’ agronomic performance and ensilability with different purpose. The experiment was conducted in Sinop/MT in the 2020 growing season. Eight experimental hybrids from Embrapa (forages 15F30005 and 15F30006, sweet CMSXS 5027, 5030, 5043, and 5045, and biomass 2019B008 and CMSXS 7501), and seven commercial hybrids (forages BRS 658, BRS 659, Volumax, BRS Ponta Negra, the sweet BRS 511, and biomass BRS 716 and AGRI-002E) were planted in a randomized block design, with 15 treatments and three replicates. The highest yields in green matter belonged to the group formed by BRS 716 and CMSXS 5043, with an average of 101.9 Mg ha-1. The group with the highest dry matter productivity was formed by the cultivars AGRI-002E and BRS 716, with a 28.77 Mg ha-1 average. BRS 716, AGRI-002E, BRS 658, and 659 showed higher dry matter contents (DM), with 297.7 g kg-1 of DM. For buffering capacity, BRS 511 had the lowest value, with 16.2 g kg-1 DM. BRS 511 and CMSXS 5030 presented the highest average, 391.7 g kg-1 DM for water soluble carbohydrates. All genotypes showed potential to be ensiled and produce silages with a good fermentation pattern.
Systematic Formulation Approach for Development and Evaluation of Cefixime G ranules for Pediatric Application
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics, Anand Pharmacy College, Anand­, Gujarat, 388001, India, Limarkar Nirmala , Chavda Dipika , Thakkar Vaishali , Gandhi Tejal
Published: July 2022

The present study was aimed to apply quality by design to develop stable and flexible pediatric granules of BCS class II drug Cefiximeto improve dissolution profile using Soluplus®. Thegranules were prepared by employing the wet granulation technique. The concentration of Soluplus®(X1), Croscarmellose sodium(X2), Sodium bicarbonate(X3) were identified as critical material attributes(CMA). The critical quality attribute (CQA) are percentage drug release in 20 minutes (Y1) and dispersion time (Y2). All 17 batches were evaluated for micromeritics properties, drug content, particle size distribution, dispersion time, granules' strength/friability, In vitro drug release, comparison with marketed product and stability study. All 17 batches from the Box Behnken showed all the test results values within limits, indicating that the prepared granules were of standard quality. The optimized batch of granules showed 94.45±0.26% drug release in 20min, while the dispersion time was 90.85±0.04 sec and the similarity factor (f2) was 56.39 to marketed product (ZIPRAX). In addition, the optimized batch exhibited no significant change in drug content, dispersion time, in vitro drug release after storage at 40°C ±2°C and 75% RH ± 5% RH for one month. The formulated granules showed better drug release and dispersion time. The granules can be reconstituted with water to prepare dispersion of the drug just before use to improve compliance of paediatric patients. Keywords: Cefixime, granules, Quality by design, Box Behnken design, Soluplus®, Design space
Assessment of Gastric Acid Anti-Secretory Effects of Fraction Extracts of Piper guineense Leaf on Histamine-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Wistar Rats
Authors:   Madonna University, Nigeria, Elele Campus, Nigeria, Onwudiwe Tharcitus Chilaka , Unekwe Prince Chiazor , Chilaka Kingsley Chimsorom , Ilo Cajetan Elochukwu , Akuodor Godwin Christian , Mobisson Samuel Kelechi
Published: July 2022

Despite many etiological factors, gastric acid secretion is assumed to play a central role in the development of gastric ulcer. Blockade of gastric acid secretion therefore, seems to be the key therapeutic objective of gastric ulcer disease. Available acid-blocking/anti-secretory drugs used in the management of gastric ulcer are associated with high cost, unwanted side effects and treatment relapse. Extracts from plants can be useful and may serve as an alternative to conventional drugs in gastric ulcer management. This work was aimed at assessing the gastric acid anti-secretory effects of fractionated ethanol extract of Piper guineense leaf on histamine-induced ulcer in Wistar rats. This was conducted by administering orally, 400mg/kg of fraction extracts obtained by fractionation of ethanol-extracted residue, to fifty six adult Wistar rats randomized into eight groups (n=7) of animals followed by induction of ulcer with 40mg/kg histamine, orally. The effects of the plant extracts on histamine-induced ulcer, gastric pH and gastric volume were ascertained. From the results, all the extracts significantly (p<0.05) produced ulcer inhibition, increased gastric pH and reduced gastric volume. This study concludes that extracts of Piper guineense leaf possess antiulcer effects, which may occur via histamine-2-receptor blockade and/or anti-secretory mediated activities. Keywords: Gastric acid, Fraction extracts, Histamine, Anti­secretory, Piper guineense
Feminativi v tretji izdaji Slovarja slovenskega knjižnega jezika in v Sprotnem slovarju slovenskega jezika
Authors: Markežič Tjaša
Published: July 2022

V prispevku prikazujemo feminative v enojezičnih slovarjih slovenskega jezika skozi zgodovino, pri čemer se osredotočamo na tovrstna poimenovanja v spletnem Slovarju slovenskega knjižnega jezika (eSSKJ) in Sprotnem slovarju slovenskega jezika (SSSJ). Zbrano gradivo iz obeh virov smo proučevali z besedotvornega in pomensko-funkcijskega vidika. Ugotavljamo, da kot produktivni prevladujeta feminativni priponski obrazili -ica in -ka, ki sta že po dosedanjih raziskavah najproduktivnejši pri feminativni tvorbi. Pomensko pa zbrane feminative lahko razporedimo v več skupin; izražajo namreč položaj v družbeni strukturi, sorodstvena in druga razmerja, poimenovanja živali, bajeslovna bitja, povezanost z mediji in družbenimi omrežji itd.
Македонскиот јазик наспрема бугарскиот и српскиот во делата на Реџиналд Де Бреј и Хорас Лант
Authors: Ѓуркова Александра
Published: July 2022

Во истражувањата на македонските дијалекти, како и на македонскиот стандарден јазик, важна улога имаат споредбените проучувања односно земањето предвид на разликувачките јазични црти. Хорас Лант (1952) и Реџиналд Де Бреј (1951) во своите граматики со особено внимание се осврнуваат кон специфичностите на македонскиот јазик и оние особености по кои се разликува, како и оние кои се заеднички со другите јужнословенски јазици, а предвид се зема и прашањето за македонската азбука. Во тој поглед, се прави и паралела со некои погледи и коментари во граматика на македонскиот јазик на Бернштејн (1949). Предвид се земени фонетско-фонолошките особености, морфолошките особености и некои правописни прашања (фонетскиот принцип, буквата ј и сл.). Дополнително се задржуваме и на споредбените аспекти во врска со удвојувањето на објектот во бугарскиот и македонскиот јазик.
Jezik Legende o sv. Teofilu u dva hrvatskoglagoljska zbornika
Authors: Kuštović Tanja
Published: July 2022

U radu će se jezično usporediti dva teksta Legende o sv. Teofilu: tekst iz Pariškog zbornika Slave 73 (1375) koji se u literaturi do sada gotovo uopće ne spominje, a koji je još 1954. godine predstavio Marin Tadin i tekst Mirakul o Teofilu koji je naš najstariji otisnut tekst tog mirakula u knjizi Mirakuli slavne djeve Marije otisnut u Senjskoj tiskari, 1508. godine. Nastojat će se vidjeti koliko se ta dva teksta jezično razlikuju. Važno je to zbog činjenice da oba teksta imaju svoja prvenstva - ovaj u Pariškom zborniku Slave 73 kao najstariji glagoljski rukopisni i ovaj iz Senjske tiskare kao najstariji otisnuti tekst iste legende. Nastojat će se vidjeti je li se i koliko se jezik u tom vremenskom rasponu od 133 godine promijenio.
Phytonomastic ‟Images” of Serbian and Other (South-)Slavic names for the Species Aconitum napellus
Authors: Kalezić Maja
Published: July 2022

This paper presents one segment of a two-part multidisciplinary research study conceived to be, in its integral form, a unique ‟anthropolinguistic scan” of one complex and multidimensional cultural phenomenon called potio et venenum naturales. This phenomenon is analyzed and re-viewed within the framework of an ancient concept, which was the first to impose itself on individuals after a detailed linguistic analysis of the constitutive function of the names for these entities; this obviously succeeded to exist in an ‟unembodied” form unreachable to ‟eye focus” until they were named. This paper is about presenting the way through which it was possible to activate brain cells that detect light and send signals back to the brain, which then interprets them as new images needed to be subject to the process of linguoitemization by pre-defined language tools in order to create ‘designantes’ for newly light shaded ‘realia’ waiting to be include in the process of communication. Subsequently, the designations we try to enlighten in this paper turned out to be the lingoitemized (linguo)reflexes of the concept well-known throughout the history of human civilization as the Law of Similia, which caused our research study to emerge in an entirely new light.
Transactional Distance Theory and Scaffolding Removal Design for Nurturing Students’ Autonomy
Authors: Suzuki Katsuaki , Hiraoka Naoshi
Published: July 2022

This paper prorposes eight design principles to nurture autonomy of college students, based on re-conceptualization of Michael Moore's Transactional Distance Theory (TDT). After proposed in 1970’s, TDT has been helping to concepturalize distance education in terms of psychological, not physical, distance among people involved. TDT, on the other hand, has been creating confusions and misinterpretations when utilized in the research and practices of distance education. COVID-19 has forced all educational practices to be offered as distance education, which made us realized the importance of student autonomy, when limited guidance could be offered. Utilizing the framework of TDT, this paper proposes eight ways to create and then withdraw scaffoldings to help learners more self-independent and autonomous.
INTERNET FINANCIAL REPORTING: MEDIA ANALISIS AKUNTABILITAS PERUSAHAAN FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Ardha Novan Bastian Dwi
Published: July 2022

This study aims to examine the implementation of accountability in the financial technology company in Indonesia. The degree of accountability is measured through financial reporting. This study employed qualitative research using content analysis method. The result of this study reveals that there are 30 out of 106 financial technology companies in Indonesia which apply internet financial reporting to the highest degree of accountability. This study contributes to the stakeholders of financial technology in order to take decision by comparing financial information disclosure between financial technology companies in Indonesia.
PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS DIMODERASI STRUKTUR MODAL
Authors: Artamevia Baiq Vica , Wahyuni Nanik
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of profitability on financial distress moderation of capital structure is carried out to be a research renewal. profitability is projected by ROA and ROE, while the capital structure is projected by DER. The research uses financial reports and annual reports to complete the research data. The population and sample used are coal sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) with an observation period of  2018 to 2020. Data analysis uses SmartPls3 software by utilizing the Path Coefficient test to test hypothesis. The results show that profitability has no effect on financial distress in brick-and-mortar companies and the capital structure is not able to influence the relationship between profitability and financial distress in coal sector companies.
A Case Study of Effective Employment Practices for Persons With Disabilities in a Large Multi-Site Health Care Organization
Authors: McDonough Jennifer , Wehman Paul , Brooke Alissa , Ham Whitney , Wright Travis , Ochrach Chase , Thomas Kathryn , Godwin James C. , Junod Paul
Published: July 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this in-depth case study was to better understand how practices, policies, and structures contributed to a large health care organization’s track record of hiring, training, and retaining persons with disabilities (PWDs).

Method

We conducted in-depth interviews with 63 key informants across four hospitals in the hospital system. Within each site, we recruited participants from multiple-levels of the organization to understand the complexity of employment practices. Content analysis was used to analyze participant response to open-ended questions.

Results

Providing appropriate supports, including clearly defined job roles that are aligned with employee abilities, ongoing coaching and support, and purposeful efforts to integrate PWDs into the broader organization, are important elements of ongoing success. Invested leadership, alignment across organizational structures, and building partnerships with organizations with knowledge and skill in supporting PWDs are additional critical success factors.

Conclusions

Findings indicate that it is imperative for organizations wishing to strengthen their hiring practices for PWDs to develop a culture that embraces a person-first approach. As evidenced here, in an environment where all employees feel supported, valued, and as if there is room for growth, there is opportunity for employees with disabilities to be viewed through a positive, developmental, and generous lens.
The vaginal microbiota
Authors: Kencana Indah , Yenny Satya
Published: July 2022

The vagina is an ecosystem consisting of various species of microorganisms (microbiota) that play important role in maintaining vaginal health. The vaginal ecosystem includes a variety of species classified into aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms which are vaginal microbiota (VMB). In the vagina of a healthy woman, 70% of normal microbiota is dominated by the Lactobacillus species. Lactobacillus is a Gram-positive, anaerobic bacterium, and belongs to the group of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). LAB produces lactic acid which plays a role in maintaining vaginal acidity at pH <4, producing H2O2 and bacteriocin, modulating non-specific immune responses, and preventing colonization of microorganisms through competitive adhesion in the vaginal epithelium. The composition of the VMB can vary between women and can change dramatically in a short time in the same individual. Over the past several decades, it has been known that a significant shift from the normal number of VMB colonies affects the integrity of the mucosal surface protective layer. The imbalance of VMB colonies and their effects on the vagina can cause an increased risk of sexually transmitted infections (STI) including bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, Chlamydia trachomatis infection, herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, bacterial vaginosis infection, vulvovaginal candidiasis, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, Chlamydia trachomatis infection, herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, human papillomavirus infection (HPV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Keywords: Lactobacillus, STI, vaginal microbiota
Cutaneous manifestation of thyroid carcinoma in a 64-year-old Filipino woman: a case report
Authors: Linata Andrean , Carpio Benedicto , Regalado-Morales Eileen
Published: July 2022

Background: Cutaneous metastasis is a rare phenomenon of thyroid carcinoma. Several mechanisms regarding cutaneous metastasis from internal malignancies have been proposed. Various treatment options are available, including surgical procedures, radioiodine therapy, thyroid hormone therapy, and other possible therapies. The prognosis of thyroid carcinoma with cutaneous manifestation is poor. Case Illustration: We presented a case of 64-year-old female patient with previously diagnosed thyroid carcinoma admitted with enlarged and tender nodules on the right side of the anterior neck. No surgical intervention was done and patient was treated with chemotherapy using doxorubicin 80 mg as the agent of choice. Levothyroxine 100 mcg was also administered every 24 hours. Chemotherapy was given, however the patient eventually died due to respiratory failure. Discussion: The patient initially presented with a slow-growing neck mass, which rapidly developed into larger mass with multiple erythematous to violaceous papules, firm tender nodules, and patches on the thoracic area, indicating slow and rapid progression of the disease. According to histopathologic examination, the patient had papillary thyroid carcinoma. However, the patient poorly responded to the chemotherapy regimen with doxorubicin, which indicated that this malignancy is associated with poor prognosis. Conclusion: Cutaneous metastasis is a rare complication of thyroid carcinoma. Typically, it initially develops as a slow-growing tumor that subsequently progresses into multiple malignant lesions. It is an indicator of poor prognosis in thyroid carcinoma, and further studies are warranted to improve the prognosis of this disease. Keywords: cutaneous manifestation, thyroid carcinoma, metastasis
Comparison between oral pentoxifylline + corticosteroid and oral corticosteroid alone for severe erythema nodosum leprosum
Authors: Martinus Martinus
Published: July 2022

Background: Severe erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is common but difficult to treat. Long term use of systemic corticosteroid causes side effects. This study compares the use of a combination of pentoxifylline + oral corticosteroids with a single oral corticosteroid in leprosy patients with severe ENL reactions. Parameters measured include skin RSA score, systemic RSA, total corticosteroid dose, resolution time of skin lesions, improvement of pain VAS and treatment side effects. Methods: 29 subjects with severe ENL reactions are allocated randomly into two groups which receive oral pentoxifylline + methylprednisolone, and oral placebo + methylprednisolone for 12 weeks. The starting dose of pentoxifylline are 400 mg thrice daily for 4 weeks, tapered to 400 mg daily every 4 weeks. Methylprednisolone is based on WHO guideline. Results: In the end, the median of cutaneous RSA score in pentoxifylline vs placebo group is 4 (0-5) vs 3 (0- 5). The median of systemic RSA score in pentoxifylline vs placebo group is 0 (0-6) vs 0 (0-5). The median of total corticosteroid doses in pentoxifylline vs placebo group is 156 (120-200) mg vs 136 (96-200) mg. The median of resolution time in pentoxifylline vs placebo group is 6 (0-12) weeks vs 6 (0-12) weeks. The median of change of pain VAS score in pentoxifylline vs placebo group is 5 (0-6) vs 3 (-3-6). No statistically significant difference (p>0,05) are found in all parameters, including side effects. Conclusion: Combination of oral pentoxifylline + corticosteroid is not proven to be more effective. Both are safe. Keywords: combination, corticosteroid, erythema nodosum leprosum, pentoxifylline
Recent progress in immunotherapy for skin cancer
Authors: Mughni Fadhli , Astriningrum Rinadewi , Hoemardani Aida , Bramono Kusmarinah , Sampurna Adhimukti , Sutarjo Agassi
Published: July 2022

Skin cancer is a global health concern due to its growing incidence and high mortality rate. The most common therapeutic modalities in skin cancer include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, those therapies do not specifically target cancer cells and may damage healthy tissues. Cancer induces immune response by releasing soluble antigens and danger signals caused by tumor cellular stress or death, while the immune system continuously monitor and control malignant proliferation through cancer immunoediting. Therefore, targeting this mechanism is a promising approach to manage cancer, especially those unresponsive to conventional therapies. Immunotherapy is a specific therapy that manipulates the immune system to fight the disease. Previous studies have shown promising results in its clinical use in melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). However, its potential toxicity and tolerability may pose significant obstacles in developing effective cancer immunotherapy. Biomedical, immunological, and clinical research in skin cancer is still needed to elaborate further on its pathogenesis and design safe and effective therapy for each skin cancer. Keywords: immunotherapy, melanoma, NMSC, toxicity