bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Особенности формирования политики развития приграничных регионов в контексте обеспечения их финансовой безопасности
Authors: Куприянов Сергей Васильевич , Сычева Ирина Игоревна , Климов Анатолий Викторович , Герасимова Наталья Анатольевна
Published: January 2024

Целью работы является уточнение понятия политики применительно к развитию приграничного региона. Предметом исследования выступили отношения, возникающие между экономическими субъектами в процессе реализации политики. Авторы проанализировали различные подходы к толкованию политики, выявили актуальные проблемы использования термина и предложили определение политики. Под политикой авторы предлагают понимать результат деятельности наделенных полномочиями и ответственностью людей в форме образа будущих преобразований, включающего рамочные условия формализации и реализации таких преобразований (различные планы и проекты с учетом особенностей и специфики объекта политики), а также критерии (принципы) оценки достижения поставленных целей. Делается вывод, что политика развития региона предшествует формализации и конкретизации функций управления регионом. Поскольку для приграничного региона оборонительные функции являются абсолютным приоритетом, его политика при развитии всех хозяйственно-культурных сфер обязана считаться с проблемами безопасности. Для реализации следующих по важности достижений (уровня экономического развития региона как базы материального благополучия населения и места специализации региона в экономическом комплексе страны) необходимо обеспечение единства и целостности воспроизводственного процесса через разработку экономического механизма. В экономическом механизме большое значение имеют финансы, обеспечивая слаженность работы его элементов. Реализацию финансовой политики, обеспечивающей финансовую безопасность на региональном уровне, перспективно рассмотреть в преломлении к муниципальному самоуправлению.
Аннотированный список жуков-усачей (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Донбасса
Authors: Губин Александр Игоревич , Мартынов Владимир Викторович
Published: January 2024

Составлен аннотированный список жуков-усачей (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Донбасса. К настоящему времени в регионе зарегистрировано обитание 121 вида усачей, относящихся к 61 роду, 30 трибам и 6 подсемействам. Еще 11 видов известны по литературным данным. Три вида, ранее указанные как перспективные к обнаружению в регионе, не выявлены. Девять видов указаны ошибочно и отсутствуют в фауне Донбасса. Впервые для территории Донецкой Народной Республики отмечен 1 вид, Луганской Народной Республики – 3 вида, Донбасса – 7 видов.
 
БлагодарностиАвторы выражают глубокую благодарность всем коллегам, предоставившим для изучения материал по жукам-усачам Донбасса, а в особенности Т.В. Никулиной, О.В. Паку, А.В. Амолину, А.В. Мартынову, Вч.В. Мартынову, И.В. Бондаренко-Борисовой, Р.П. Герасимову, О.В. Дьяковой, К.В. Жилко, И. Кондратенко.
Весеннее орнитологическое обследование Талышских гор в Азербайджане
Authors: Скопин Алексей Евгеньевич , Ластухин Альберт Аркадьевич
Published: January 2024

Представлены материалы учетов птиц в Талышских горах в апреле 2019 года. Полевое обследование выполнено в трех высотных поясах: высокогорные пастбища и полупустынные территории Зуванда, переходная зона в среднегорье с фрагментированными лесами и пастбищами в районе Лерика, старовозрастные леса в Гирканском национальном парке. Всего зарегистрировано 104 вида птиц, их них 73 вида воробьиных. В открытых ландшафтах высокогорий преобладают мигранты, в лесных массивах – оседлые виды птиц. Доминантами в сообществе птиц открытых пастбищ выступают Linaria cannabina, Oenanthe oenanthe, Emeberiza cia, Upupa epops, Dendrocopos syriacus, на лесных территориях – Fringilla coelebs, Parus ater, Sitta europaea, Troglodytes troglodytes, Phoenicurus phoenicurus и другие. В пределах сельских поселений преобладают Columba livia, Passer domesticus, Parus major, Sturnus vulgaris. Леса Гирканского национального парка представляют собой ключевую территорию, поддерживающую существование популяций Poecile hyrcanus, Ficedula semitorquata, Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Jynx torquilla. Средняя суммарная плотность птиц в открытых высокогорных ландшатах Зуванда составила 172 особи/км2, в переходной зоне фрагментированных лесов и пастбищ – 373 особи/км2, в старовозрастных лесах – 1180 особей/км2. Подчеркивается важность охраны сообществ птиц и их местообитаний.
 
БлагодарностиАвторы благодарны властям города Астара и национального парка Гиркан за их помощь в получении необходимых разрешений на посещение охраняемых территорий. Мы также хотим поблагодарить Тофика Алиева и местных жителей, которые бескорыстно помогли нам в организации полевых работ. Авторы благодарны Владимиру Сотникову (Кировский зоологический музей) за идею этой экспедиции и Елене Мишутинской (Вятский государственный университет) за помощь в переводе этой рукописи на английский язык.
Находка чужеродного вида Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae) в Воронежском водохранилище
Authors: Филиппов Дмитрий Андреевич , Прокин Александр Александрович
Published: January 2024

В 2023 году в прибрежной зоне Воронежского водохранилища обнаружен вид тропическо-субтропического водного растения – Pistia stratiotes L. Новая находка в Воронежской области сделана в 20 км от и через 21 год после первого указания для региона (р. Усмань). Вероятно, вектором вселения вида служит аквариумистика. Предлагается использовать термин «условная инвазия» более широко, чем в первоначальной трактовке, ко всем инвазионным псевдопопуляциям.
 
ФинансированиеРабота выполнена в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ № 121051100099-5 и № 121051100109-1.
Новые данные о пауках (Aranei) Кавказского природного биосферного заповедника. Пауки кордона Черноречье (Краснодарский край, Россия)
Authors: Пономарёв Александр Викторович , Чумаченко Юрий Алексеевич
Published: January 2024

В результате исследований, проведенных на кордоне Черноречье Кавказского биосферного заповедника (Краснодарский край, Россия) в 2017 году в месте впадения реки Уруштен в реку Малую Лабу, выявлено присутствие на данной территории 117 видов пауков из 21 семейства. В видовом составе преобладают представители семейства Linyphiidae (34 вида). Впервые на территории России отмечен Hahnia rossii Brignoli, 1977, на территории Кавказа – Theridion betteni Wiehle, 1960. Для территории Кавказского заповедника впервые приводится 29 видов.
Предварительные результаты изучения фауны жесткокрылых (Coleoptera) посёлка Борок Ярославской области
Authors: Сажнев Алексей Сергеевич
Published: January 2024

Аннотация. Приведены первые результаты исследования локальной фауны жесткокрылых п. Борок Ярославской области. На данном этапе известный состав фауны жуков посёлка насчитывает 1017 видов из 68 семейств, что составляет 1/3 известной фауны жесткокрылых Ярославской области (~ 3000 видов). Родовая структура фауны насчитывает > 480 родов, из которых 75 % моно- и олиготипны. В составе фауны выявлено 16 чужеродных видов и 23 редких вида жесткокрылых.
 
ФинансированиеРабота А.С. Сажнева проведена в рамках выполнения государственного задания № 121051100109-1.
Новые указания Dasypoda morawitzi Radchenko, 2016 (Hymenoptera, Melittidae) из среднерусской лесостепи
Authors: Ивлев Константин Сергеевич
Published: January 2024

На основе собственных сборов и коллекционных материалов Воронежского государственного университета, заповедника «Галичья Гора» и Центрально-Чернозёмного заповедника приводятся первые указания Dasypoda morawitzi Radchenko, 2016 для Липецкой, Курской и Воронежской областей. Излагаются результаты анализа биотопической приуроченности вида.
Находки редких и охраняемых сосудистых растений в бассейне реки Суды (Вологодская область)
Authors: Левашов Андрей Николаевич , Романовский Александр Юрьевич , Платонов Андрей Викторович , Андреева Светлана Николаевна , Филиппов Дмитрий Андреевич
Published: January 2024

Обобщены оригинальные данные о редких и охраняемых видах сосудистых растений, произрастающих в бассейне реки Суды (включая реки Андога, Колпь, Шогда и их притоки). За период 2004–2023 гг. было отмечено 74 вида (из 243 локалитетов), включенных в Красную книгу Вологодской области, и 59 видов (из 284 локалитетов) из перечня научного мониторинга. Обнаружены популяции 4 видов растений, включенных в Красную книгу Российской Федерации (Cypripedium calceolus, Isoetes echinospora, I. lacustris и Lobelia dortmanna). Приводятся новые данные о находках 39 охраняемых видов и 31 вида из мониторингового списка на 6 региональных особо охраняемых природных территориях (ландшафтные заказники «Мазский бор», «Смородинка», «Судский бор», памятники природы «Каменная гора», «Озеро Кодоозеро», «Старый парк в с. Борисово-Судское»). Вне границ охраняемых природных территорий отмечено 47,4 % раритетных видов, включая, например, популяции Androsace septentrionalis и Herminium monorchis (оба вида – 1/CR/I), Allium oleraceum и Ranunculus gmelinii (1/EN/I), Saussurea alpina (2/EN/I), Eupatorium cannabinum (2/VU/I), Galium rubioides (2/VU/II) и Lithospermum officinale (2/VU/II).
Финансирование: работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ №121051100099-5.
Жесткокрылые (Coleoptera), собранные ферментными ловушками в Окском заповеднике
Authors: Сажнев Алексей Сергеевич , Лычковская Ирина Юрьевна
Published: January 2024

Приведены результаты учета жесткокрылых (Insecta, Coleoptera) на территории Окского заповедника (полевой сезон 2021 года) с применением ферментных ловушек. В общей сложности было выставлено 15 ловушек, отработано 510 ловушко-суток. Обнаружено 16 видов жесткокрылых из 9 семейств. Приведены места находок и численность видов.
Финансирование: работа А.С. Сажнева проведена в рамках выполнения государственного задания № 121051100109-1 и частично профинансирована проектом РНФ № 22-14-00026.
Exploring Factors related to Adolescents’ Discriminatory Experiences Using Decision-Making Tree Analysis
Authors:   Korean Association For Corruption Studies, Song Yeon Joo
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to explore factors related to adolescents’ discriminatory experiences using decision-making tress analysis and suggest implication for futures. To do this, analysis was conducted with 5,741 Korean middle and high school students who responded to the 2020 Children’s and Youth Rights Survey. As a result, first, parental abuse, gender and school level were closely related to the likelihood of predicting experiences of discrimination. Second, experiences of discrimination had much to do with the frequency of discriminatory behaviors. Additionally, it turned out that repeated discriminatory behaviors was related with academic achievement. Based on the results, suggestion and implications for future research are discussed.
P-WAVE TRAVEL TIME CURVES FROM EXPLOSIONS AT THE BALAPAN SITE EPICENTRAL DISTANCES OF 36°
Authors: Nepeina K. S. , An V. A.
Published: January 2024

The paper presents information on the registration of underground nuclear explosions (UNEs) of the Semipalatinsk test site (STS) at the Balapan site (Bal) from 1969 to 1988. Two stations of the Unified Seismic Observation Service (ESSN USSR) - Uzhgorod (UZH) and Vladivostok (VLA), since the epicentral distances for them are closest to each other Δ~36°. Records of the register of specific UNEs have been preserved in the archives of the Institute of Geospheres Dynamics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Academician M.A. Sadovsky (IDG RAS). Body wave magnitudes (mb) range from 5.6 to 6.2. For them, at equidistant stations, the travel time of the P-wave (tp0) was obtained. Corrections were made to the data on the registration and travel time curves were formed for the UZH-Bal, VLA-Bal and local traces for the range Δ~36.0-36.6°. Velocity Vp is equal ~10 km/s.
THE ROLE OF TRIGGER EFFECTS IN THE INITIATION OF THE STRONG JINGHE EARTHQUAKE ON AUGUST 8, 2017 ON THE BORO-HORO RIDGE (CHINA)
Authors: Velikanov A. E.
Published: January 2024

The parameters and instrumental data of the registration of the strong Jinhe earthquake on August 8, 2017, as well as the geological environment and seismotectonic situation of the epicenter area are described. The trigger effects for the initiation of an earthquake associated with a dynamic change in weather and climatic conditions in a high-altitude area, which led to a rapid increase in the excess mass of the geological environment after heavy rains and heavy snowfalls, as well as with the increased effect of lunar-solar tidal forces on the seismogenic structure with an excess mass of the geological environment during the days of the full moon.
Primary Extra Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors of Vagina: A Rare Case Report without Gastroenterology Manifestations
Authors:   Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, Song Limian
Published: January 2024

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) accounting for 1% of primary gastrointestinal malignancy are rare mesenchymal tumors with an incidence of 12 per million [1]. GISTs can manifest in various locations within the digestive tract [2], typically the stomach (60%) and the proximal small intestine (30%), but on rare occasions, may also emerge outside the gastrointestinal tract
Assessing Faculty Job Satisfaction and Retention in Private Colleges
Authors: Sheena Abraham Et. al
Published: January 2024

This study aims to elucidate the impact of job satisfaction on faculty retention, which refers to private colleges capacity to retain its employees, particularly those who possess exceptional talent. Organizations implement a range of retention activities with the aim of retaining their staff. Retention activities can be characterized as a collection of efforts that are intended to enhance the level of organizational commitment among faculty staff, providing them with a wide range of ambitious possibilities to excel and develop. The maintenance of faculty retention is crucial for the ongoing viability of college operations and has the potential to serve as a significant competitive advantage for an organization over an extended period of time. The growth of the higher education system is being threatened by faculty unhappiness and a decline in the number of qualified individuals opting for a career in academia. Within the dynamic realm of higher education, the issue of faculty job satisfaction and retention in private colleges has gained significant relevance. It is crucial for educational institutions to not only attract highly skilled instructors but also retain them in order to maintain a consistent level of academic excellence and foster institutional growth. The primary objective of this research endeavor was to investigate the many aspects of faculty job satisfaction and retention inside private institutions. Additionally, the study sought to uncover potential relationships among these dimensions. The reported findings offer valuable insights into key facets of faculty life within these institutions, offering potential guidance for the development of policies and procedures aimed at improving both teacher satisfaction and long-term dedication. This study article aims to examine the correlation between faculty job satisfaction and retention in private colleges located in Pune, Maharashtra.
Effects of a sovereign credit rating upgrade to investment grade on the Greek economy
Authors:   Bank of Greece, Anastasatou Marianthi , Balfoussia Hiona ,   Bank of Greece, Bragoudakis Zacharias ,   Bank of Greece, Malliaropulos Dimitris ,   Bank of Greece and University of Piraeus, Migiakis Petros ,   Bank of Greece, Papageorgiou Dimitris ,   Bank of Greece, Petroulas Pavlos ,   Bank of Greece
Published: January 2024

The paper investigates the potential effects of a sovereign credit rating upgrade to investment grade on the trajectory of the Greek economy. A cross-country empirical analysis of past upgrades suggests that an economy’s upgrade to investment grade is associated with a reduction in sovereign bond yields and spreads by about 70 basis points. In the long run, such an upgrade boosts real GDP and reduces GDP volatility by 2.5% and 0.48%, respectively. Furthermore, the findings derived from a dynamic factor model indicate that an upgrade to investment grade is expected to reduce Greek sovereign bond yields and pass through to the Greek banking sector by reducing its funding costs and narrowing the spread between Greek and euro area bank bonds. Subsequently, a DSGE model featuring a rich financial sector, calibrated to the Greek economy, is employed to trace the dynamic responses of key financial and real variables to an upgrade to investment grade. The model suggests that an upgrade to investment grade that reduces bank funding costs has a positive impact on the real and financial sectors of the Greek economy in both the short and the long run. Finally, counterfactual experiments illustrate that a sovereign credit rating upgrade to investment grade has a stabilising effect on both the banking sector and the real economy in the face of adverse shocks.
Los delitos de descubrimiento y revelación de secretos en el ciberespacio. Especial mención a la prueba pericial digital
Authors: Casals Fernández Ángela
Published: January 2024

Las nuevas tecnologías e Internet han cambiado la forma en la que las personas nos relacionamos y eso ha llegado también al ámbito jurídico. Las actividades delic tivas que pueden cometerse a través de la red o utilizando medios informáticos y electrónicos tienen difícil limitación. En este estudio analizamos los delitos de descu brimiento y revelación de secretos recogidos en el capítulo I del Título X del Libro II del Código Penal, siendo el bien jurídico protegido la intimidad. Finaliza este trabajo con una especial mención a la prueba pericial digital, para poder dar a conocer por un experto perito la información digital empleada por las partes para acreditar la realidad de un hecho durante el proceso judicial.
Traslado de la responsabilidad penal entre personas jurídicas: la existencia de fraude como requisito para la aplicación del 130.2 CP
Authors: González Gugel Jaime
Published: January 2024

El artículo 130.2 CP presenta una redacción compleja e incongruente con lalegislación mercantil. La aplicación literal del precepto resulta problemática desde laperspectiva de los derechos fundamentales de los que gozan las personas jurídicas yde los principios que rigen el proceso penal. El estudio de la tramitación parlamentariapone de manifiesto la voluntad del legislador de configurar un mecanismo legalque evitase la burla de la responsabilidad penal de la persona jurídica mediante laadopción de operaciones societarias. Así, debe exigirse la finalidad fraudulenta de laoperación mercantil como requisito para el traslado de la responsabilidad penalentre personas jurídicas. Esta interpretación resulta congruente con la voluntad dellegislador, con los principios que rigen el Derecho penal y con los derechos fundamentalesde los que gozan las personas jurídicas. Además, cumple con la finalidadpreventiva de la norma. La aplicación de la tesis defendida en este trabajo en lossupuestos de hecho en que se han pronunciado nuestros tribunales permite alcanzaruna solución donde prima la seguridad jurídica, en una actividad de gran importanciapara cualquier economía de mercado.
Seminario: «Alcalá y su patrimonio. Una visión desde la justicia penal: cárceles, galeras y prisiones» El establecimento penitenciario de una jurisdicción privativa: la cárcel de la Universidad de Alcalá en el siglo XVII
Authors: Ignacio Ruiz Rodríguez
Published: January 2024

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重讀鍾理和〈假黎婆〉：一個關於翻譯與譯註的研究
Authors: 陳榮彬 陳榮彬
Published: January 2024

任何翻譯，都是重新解讀某個文本的契機。譯者透過自己的精讀（close reading）把來源語（source language）轉換成目標語（target language），凡是牽涉到歷史、文化的部分，為了避免語言轉換過程中的意義流失，都可能加上譯註，這也就是為什麼翻譯研究界長期以來非常注重文化負載詞（culturally loaded terms）的翻譯問題。鍾理和的短篇小說〈假黎婆〉自1960年發表於《聯合報》副刊以來，學界對其關注不多，但2014、2015年相繼出現由馬訶蘭（T. M. McClellan）與羅德仁（Terrence Russell）翻譯的譯本（題名分別為 “My Grandma from the Mountains” 以及 “The Gali Wife” ）以後，透過兩位譯者對於故事中許多文化負載詞（像是「假黎」、「孤拔」、「番界」與「馘首」［或「出草」］等）的詮釋，兩相對照之下，就出現了許多可以討論的問題。例如，「假黎」這種身分該怎樣翻譯？「孤拔」到底是原住民使用的什麼物件？歷史上曾存在的「番界」該如何定義？還有「馘首」這種傳統原住民習俗該怎樣在譯註中進行說明？本論文從上述詞彙的翻譯出發，針對兩位譯者的譯註進行比對分析，藉此討論譯註的跨文化理解功能，並彰顯出譯者的任務並非只是進行語言轉換，而是必須深入研究，累積正確的相關知識，才能夠把原文背後的歷史、文化脈絡透過譯文與譯註表現出來。常言道，「譯者亦學者」，而〈假黎婆〉這一類文本的翻譯可說是最佳例證。

 

Any translation can be a new opportunity to revisit a given text. Via close reading, translators transfer texts in their source languages to target languages; and, to avoid the loss of historical and cultural meanings of the texts, adding annotations to the translated texts can be a useful strategy for them. “My Gali Grandma,” Chung Li-ho’s short story, was translated into English in 2014 and 2015, by T. M. McClellan and Terrence Russell, respectively. After we compare how the culturally loaded terms, such as “Gali,” “Guba,” “savage frontier,” and “headhunting,” in the story have been translated and interpreted in the annotations, enquiries can be made about many issues. How can “Gali,” a term related to a certain Indigenous ethnicity, be properly translated? What exactly is “Guba”? How can we define correctly “savage frontier,” a historically existent border between the areas resided by the Han Chinese and Indigenous peoples in Taiwan? How should we put “headhunting,” a traditional practice of Taiwan’s Indigenous peoples, into context in translation annotations? In order to discuss the cross-cultural understanding function of translation annotations, this paper will analyze comparatively how the terms mentioned above have been translated by the two translators.

 
ՎՐԱՍՏԱՆԻ ԱՐՏԱՔԻՆ ՔԱՂԱՔԱԿԱՆՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՄԱՐՏԱՀՐԱՎԵՐՆԵՐԸ ՆԱՏՕ-ՌՈՒՍԱՍՏԱՆ ԱՇԽԱՐՀԱՔԱՂԱՔԱԿԱՆ ՀԱԿԱՄԱՐՏՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՊԱՅՄԱՆՆԵՐՈՒՄ/ GEORGIA'S FOREIGN POLICY CHALLENGES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE NATO-RUSSIA GEOPOLITICAL CONFLICT/ВЫЗОВЫ ВНЕШНЕЙ ПОЛИТИКИ ГРУЗИИ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ГЕОПОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО КОНФЛИКТА НАТО-РОССИЯ
Authors: Avetisyan Rafik
Published: January 2024

This article discusses the challenges of Georgia's foreign policy, in particular, the problems of the development of Russia-Georgia relations and the prospects of NATO-Georgia cooperation. The geopolitical changes of recent years create threats to Georgia's security, so Georgia is trying to overcome regional security challenges by balancing its foreign policy. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the problems of balancing Georgia's foreign policy in the conditions of NATO-Russia geopolitical competition. In order to achieve the goal of the research, we have analyzed the following issues: the interdependence of Georgia's internal political crisis and foreign policy, the development issues of Russian-Georgian relations, the prospects of NATO-Georgia cooperation. The research was carried out by taking into account the realities of the Nagorno Kharabakh and the Russian-Ukrainian war. And according to estimates, the future of Russian-Georgian relations and Georgia's Euro-Atlantic aspirations will be determined by the resolution of the Ukrainian crisis and the further course of Russia-West political relations in Eastern Europe.
Pathogens detected from patients with acute respiratory infections negative for SARS-CoV-2, Saitama, Japan, 2020
Authors: Miyashita Kodai , Ehara Hayato , Tomioka Kyoko , Fukushima Hirokazu , Kishimoto Tsuyoshi , Honda Asao
Published: January 2024

Objective: During the coronavirus disease pandemic in Japan, all patients with respiratory symptoms were initially tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This study describes the respiratory pathogens detected from patients who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 at the Saitama Institute of Public Health from January to December 2020. Methods: We performed pathogen retrieval using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction on samples from patients with acute respiratory diseases who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 in Saitama in 2020 and analysed the results by age and symptoms. Results: There were 1530 patients aged 0–104 years (1727 samples), with 14 pathogens detected from 213 patients (245 samples). Most pathogens were human metapneumovirus (25.4%, 54 cases), rhinovirus (16.4%, 35 cases) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (13.1%, 23 cases). Human metapneumovirus, human coronavirus (but not NL63) and M. pneumoniae were detected in almost all age groups without any significant bias. Seasonal human coronaviruses, human metapneumovirus, M. pneumoniae and several other pathogens were detected until April 2020. Discussion: Multiple respiratory pathogens were circulating during 2020 in Saitama, including SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses. We suggest introducing a system that can comprehensively monitor the regional prevalence of all viruses that cause acute respiratory infections.
COVID-19 clusters in Malaysia: characteristics, detection methods and modes of early transmission
Authors: Ang Zen Yang , Balqis-Ali Nur Zahirah , Jailani Anis-Syakira , Kong Yuke-Lin , Sharif Shakirah Md , Fun Weng Hong
Published: January 2024

Objective: Effective prevention and control measures are essential to contain outbreaks of infectious diseases, such as coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Understanding the characteristics of case clusters can contribute to determining which prevention and control measures are needed. This study describes the characteristics of COVID-19 case clusters in Malaysia, the method used to detect a cluster’s index case and the mode of early transmission, using the seven cluster categories applied in Malaysia. Methods: This cross-sectional study collected publicly available data on COVID-19 clusters occurring in Malaysia from 1 March 2020 to 31 May 2021. The characteristics of cases were described by category, and their associations with several outcomes were analysed. Descriptive analyses were performed to explore the method used to detect the index case and the mode of early transmission, according to cluster category. Results: A total of 2188 clusters were identified. The workplace cluster category had the largest proportion of clusters (51.5%, 1126/2188 clusters), while the custodial settings category had the largest median cluster size (178 cases per cluster) and longest median duration of cluster (51 days). The high-risk groups category had the highest mortality. There were significant differences in cluster size, duration and rate of detection across the categories. Targeted screening was most commonly used to detect index cases, especially in custodial settings, and in imported and workplace clusters. Household–social and social–workplace contacts were the most common modes of early transmission across most categories. Discussion: Targeted screening might effectively reduce the size and duration of COVID-19 clusters. Measures to prevent and control COVID-19 outbreaks should be continually adjusted based on ongoing assessments of the unique context of each cluster.
Circulation of human respiratory syncytial virus and new ON1 genotype in northern Viet Nam, 2017–2020
Authors: Ung Thi Hong Trang , Hoang Vu Mai Phuong , Nguyen Huy Hoang , Nguyen Vu Son , Le Thi Thanh , Nguyen Le Khanh Hang , Vuong Duc Cong , Tran Thi Thu Huong , Nguyen Thi Hien , Nguyen Phuong Anh , Le Mai Quynh
Published: January 2024

Objective: Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a primary cause of paediatric severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) worldwide, especially in developing countries. We investigated the genetic characteristics of RSV in northern Viet Nam to determine the prevalence and distribution of subtypes as well as the diversity and transmission patterns of genotypes. Methods: In two facilities, from January 2017 to December 2020, 1563 clinical specimens were collected from paediatric patients hospitalized with SARI and tested for RSV. Selected positive samples underwent sequencing analysis targeting the second hypervariable region of the G gene using next-generation sequencing. Results: The RSV positivity rate was 28.02% (438/1563 samples), and prevalence was highest in children aged <1 year (43.84%; 192/438). Subtype RSV-A accounted for 53.42% (234/438) of cases, RSV-B for 45.89% (201/438), and there was coinfection in 0.68% (3/438). Both subtypes cocirculated and peaked during August–September in each year of the study. Phylogenetic analysis showed that RSV-A samples belonged to the ON1 genotype, which has three subgenotypes: ON1.1, ON1.2 and ON1.3. However, we did not find the 72-nucleotide duplication in the second hypervariable region of the G gene, a characteristic of genotype ON1, in any RSV-A samples. RSV-B samples belonged to genotype BA9. Discussion: Our results provide additional molecular characterization of RSV infections in Viet Nam. Specially, our study is the first to report the absence of the 72-nucleotide duplication in the G gene of RSV-A genotype ON1 in Viet Nam, which may help in understanding the genetic evolution of RSV and be useful for vaccine development in the future.
Comparison of Standard and Racing Roller Weight Variations on CVT on the Power and Torque of the Honda Beat 110cc
Authors: Fandi Adhim , Kusbandono Hermanu
Published: January 2024

This automatic motorbike uses an automatic transmission system called CVT (Contynously Variable Transmission). CVT is a system that automatically changes speed according to engine speed. This machine does not use transmission gears, but instead uses two pulleys (front and rear) which are connected by a belt (v-belt. The advantege of a CVt automatic transmission is that it can provide speed changes in torque from the engine to the rear whells automatically. This research aims to determine the effect of roller weight on the power and engine torque of a 110 cc two wheeled vehicle. The background of this research is to determine the power and torque of motorbikes for each roller weight studied and to draw conclusions about better use of rollers weight. This research uses experimental research methods, the materials used are standard 12gr,11gr,10gr,9gr,8gr rollers, as a comparison and 110cc injection beat motorbikes. The toll used in this research is a dynamometer. This tool shows directly the maximum power results at a certain rpm. Changes in the weight of the Honda Beat 110cc CVT roller affect the power produced by the engine. Changes in roller weight can affect the size of the engine’s power and torque. This in proven by data showing changes in engine power and torque during each test. Therefore, it is hoped that the result of this test can be used as a reference for improving engine peformance in vehicles.
Using blackbody structure to improve the efficiency of solar cell
Authors: Jiayi Zhang
Published: January 2024

Today solar power is the most promising new energy source, it is safe, cheap, and abundant. Its total power on the earth reaches per year, and we human only need per year. Solar cell is an essential device that can convert the energy from the sunlight into electricity; however, current solar cell reflects too much sunlight shone thereon, and this is a major factor that lowers its conversion efficiency, which is only about on average. Blackbody is material that can only absorb but never reflect electromagnetic radiation, in nature it is hard to find blackbody material, but a large cavity with only a small hole can be approximately equivalent to a blackbody, and such structure is also applicable to reduce the reflection of current solar cell, using it to modify the anti-reflective layer of a solar cell. By substituting multilayer “non-head” pyramid structures for the “inverted” pyramid structures in the anti-reflective layer of a current solar cell, the reflection can be reduced since the lights shone into the multilayer “non-head” pyramids through their entrances need to be reflected for many times before going out again. This can improve the conversion efficiency of current solar cells a lot.
The Era of Exploitation of Waste Rubber Tires to Valuable Products
Authors: Elgharbawy Abdallah S
Published: January 2024

Producing modern types of new and renewable energy locally represents an inevitable necessity, through planning energy policies based on diversifying renewable and non-traditional sources by exploiting local resources, which contributes to securing the increasing energy requirements for daily and industrial needs and reducing dependence on traditional sources of energy resulting from oil and gas derivatives. Optimal exploitation of resources, including plastic waste, which is an important source to produce energy and liquid or solid fuels.
The Dilemma and Way Out of the Education of Casting Chinese National Community Consciousness in Colleges and Universities from the Perspective of Collaboration of Multiple Subjects
Authors: Xin Wanying
Published: January 2024

The theory of synergy of multiple subjects emphasizes the analysis of the relationship between various types of educational subjects from the perspective of wholeness, with a view to realizing the construction of the linkage and cooperation mechanism between the subjects. Analyzing the current situation of the education of casting Chinese national community consciousness in colleges and universities from the perspective of multi-subject synergy, it is found that the education of casting Chinese national community consciousness in colleges and universities is facing the challenges of subject dilemma, cooperation dilemma, management dilemma and so on. Colleges and universities should enhance the role of multiple subjects, strengthen the synergy between multiple subjects, and standardize the management organization of the synergy of multiple subjects, with a view to opening up the educational subjects of casting a firm sense of the Chinese national community in colleges and universities, and constructing and perfecting the synergy mechanism between the subjects, so as to continuously improve the level of education for building a firm sense of the Chinese national community.
A Comparative Study of Video Games Translation from the Communicative Translation Theory Perspective
Authors: Qiu Yukun
Published: January 2024

With the development of the internet, video games are more and more popular. When games are introduced into China, translation plays an important role that will influence players’ feelings. Therefore, various game companies place great emphasis on video game translation. This thesis aims at studying the translation of League of Legends in Tencent and TWM. Based on Newmark’s communicative translation theory, and by adopting the method of comparative analysis and collecting the champions’ titles, names and weapons, the two versions were chosen as the subject, and it is found that Tencent’s translation is better. The analysis shows that translators should analyze the characteristics of champions before the translation, and then use the correct method. For further studies, the comparative analysis of these two versions can provide the theoretical basis for the translation of video game and also enable more gamers to know about the translation of video games.
China's Universities Network Security Current Situation and Solutions
Authors: Shan Jianhua
Published: January 2024

With the development of new technologies such as the Internet, artificial intelligence and big data, more convenience has been brought to Chinese colleges and universities, but it is followed by threats in network security. Due to the maturity of big data algorithms, it is easy to leak personal information and cause campus network security accidents while bringing convenience to college students. China's university network has experienced great development, but the current situation is not optimistic. There are many problems such as not paying attention to the ideology, heavy construction and light application. This paper focuses on the system construction, safety education and professional construction of these problems.
The Role of Intellectuals and the Working Class in the Construction of the Northeast Base Areas during the Liberation War Period
Authors: Chen Jun
Published: January 2024

The Northeast region had an important strategic position during the War of Liberation,and the Brigade area was the earliest place where the Party carried out urban work in a comprehensive manner, and the region, especially Dalian City, played a special urban role in the War of Liberation in the Northeast.The working class of Dalian City strengthened industrial construction, actively supported the front line, mobilized the masses, and carried out foreign trade; intellectuals of various industries devoted themselves to science,education, culture and health, and made great contributions,which had certain innovative significance for the comprehensive revitalization of the Northeast, the revitalization of science and education and the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Interactive Planning
Authors: Pourdehnad John
Published: January 2024

Interactive planning is a participative undertaking drawing upon the skills, insights, and ideas of all stakeholders within an organization. As defined and promoted by Russell L. Ackoff, interactive planning focuses on “creating the future by designing a desirable present,” with the idea in mind that “an organization's future depends at least as much on what it does between now and then, as on what is done to it.” Interactive planning works backwards from where an organization wants to be now to where it is now. Moreover, it is an ongoing process that involves the organization’s stakeholders in the planning process. Interactive planning allows participants to know their organization more closely and, because it is ongoing, can be adapted to changes within the organization itself.
Mixing Methods in Systems Practice
Authors: Brocklesby John
Published: January 2024

In recent years much has been said about the benefits of creatively combining research methodologies. The argument has been widely rehearsed especially in the behavioural and social sciences where the virtues of the so-called 'mixed methods' research are widely advocated [1–7]. In the humanities interdisciplinary studies have become popular currency; elsewhere it is possible to detect a shift towards pluralistic thinking where scholars are now more inclined than previously to explore beyond the boundaries of traditionally favoured theories and paradigms, to look at how they might work together, and occasionally to suggest how they might be integrated at the meta-level.
Adaptive Leadership for Agile Organizations
Authors: Cabrera Derek , Cabrera Laura
Published: January 2024

This paper explores how the fundamental structure of organizations (Vision, Mission, Capacity, and Learning, or VMCL) can assist agile organizations with adaptive leadership. Through learning the four functions of the VMCL theory, this paper will also explore how organizations can utilize the ideas of complex adaptive systems, POSIWID, feedback and how structure drives behavior. Using a case study on the systematic failure of Wells Fargo, this paper will demonstrate a real-world example of applying VMCL to improve the systems within organizations.
Developing Personal Mastery in Systems Thinking
Authors: Cabrera Derek , Cabrera Laura
Published: January 2024

Senge (1990) first popularized the term ‘personal mastery’, but neglected to include the majority of the systems thinking, opting instead to equate systems thinking with a single framework (system dynamics). Thus ‘personal mastery in systems thinking’ became little more than ‘personal mastery in systems dynamics.’ Three factors lead us to conclude that the prescribed path to personal mastery in systems thinking must change significantly. This chapter posits that ‘personal mastery’ is reflected in the attitudes, skills, and dispositions required of an individual systems thinker (a.k.a., personal mastery). It also sets forth a clear path—made up of three levels—that one can follow to develop personal mastery of systems thinking.
The Vanguard Method
Authors: Seddon John , O’Donovan Brendan
Published: January 2024

This chapter shows how John Seddon’s ‘Vanguard Method’ has been developed as a way of understanding and then improving the way that services are designed and managed. Seddon’s method is shown to share several of the fundamental propositions common to the systems thinking tradition, although it has different antecedents. In contrast to the reductionist ‘command and control’ thinking that dominates the management of conventional services, the Vanguard Method helps managers to see their organisations as systems. The chapter explains how command and control methods create ‘failure demand’, a term coined by Seddon to describe a systemic phenomenon which appears as a signal of ineffectiveness. ‘Unlearning’ flawed beliefs about the management of work is enabled through normative change, allowing the development of designs that work systematically better and can systemically be further improved. New designs are then built around an understanding that customers determine what matters to them, with knowledge of demand allowing for systems designed to absorb variety. Published examples of where Seddon’s method has been applied to different types of service systems are cited, and ongoing research into the implications for traditional budget management is outlined.
Applying Systems Thinking to Wicked Water Problems
Authors: Powers Erin , Kushner Jennifer , Solin Jeremy , Cabrera Laura , Cabrera Derek
Published: January 2024

Increasingly at the center of many complex problems facing citizens, localities, states, and nations, water is the focus of research across many disciplines. Water issues are at the nexus of the economy, society, politics, the environment, public health, and other sectors. This level of complexity and the multiple perspectives involved makes water problems highly suited for systems thinking analysis. Yet the systems thinking field is characterized by great diversity in approaches, theories, and methods, which can be daunting and dissuade newcomers and non-experts. ThinkWater is a USDA-funded program that uses advances in systems thinking training to increase understanding about water issues. The program specifically targets primary and higher education, research, and Extension and outreach. ThinkWater conducted a case study using brief training in the underlying rules of systems thinking to see whether and how it enhanced the ongoing work of a cohort of advanced water researchers. The researchers came from a variety of disciplines and backgrounds, yet all reported benefit from their short exposure. Multiple participants reported a newfound appreciation that scientific models are approximations of reality as well as increased capacity to identify and articulate the perspectives implicit in disciplinary approaches. The researchers also appreciated systems thinking as a mechanism for incorporating societal factors into natural science models, identifying the broader relevance of their work, and for sharing their research with those outside their discipline and academia.
Evaluating Customer and Employee Satisfaction at Luna Park: A Sentiment Analysis of Online Reviews and Internal Feedback
Authors:   Amity University in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Allaberganova Marjona
Published: January 2024

This study aims to evaluate customer and employee satisfaction at Luna Park through sentiment analysis of online reviews and internal feedback. Utilizing advanced sentiment analysis tools, the research systematically categorizes and interprets the opinions expressed in both customer reviews available online and feedback provided by employees. This dual approach provides a comprehensive view of satisfaction levels from two critical perspectives. The findings reveal key areas of strength and opportunities for improvement in Luna Park's operations. The study concludes with actionable recommendations for enhancing both customer and employee experiences, underscoring the importance of integrating insights from diverse feedback sources for effective organizational management.
Analyzing the Impact of Distributed Data and Knowledge-Based Systems on Knowledge Management: A Systematic Mapping Study
Authors:   Department of English Language, Corporate Governance faculty, Tashkent state University of Economics, 100066, Tashkent city, Uzbekistan, Gulnoza Rakhimova
Published: January 2024

Knowledge management is a critical aspect of modern organizations seeking to harness their collective intelligence and remain competitive in a dynamic business environment. With the advent of distributed data and knowledge-based systems, the landscape of knowledge management is undergoing significant transformations. This systematic mapping study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge management within the context of distributed environments and knowledge-based systems, shedding light on the key trends and challenges that shape this evolving field. Our study employs a systematic mapping methodology to analyze a wide array of scholarly articles, conference papers, and research reports. Through a structured review process, we identify and categorize relevant publications, facilitating a holistic understanding of the relationships between distributed data and knowledge-based systems in the realm of knowledge management. By mapping the existing literature, we uncover emerging themes, gaps, and areas of interest in this interdisciplinary domain. Key findings reveal the increasing role of distributed systems in enhancing knowledge sharing, collaboration, and decision-making processes. However, challenges related to data security, interoperability, and system integration also surface as important considerations. The systematic mapping study not only offers insights into the current state of knowledge management but also provides a foundation for future research directions and practical implications for organizations striving to optimize knowledge utilization in distributed settings. In conclusion, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of how distributed data and knowledge-based systems are shaping knowledge management practices and provides a roadmap for scholars and practitioners alike to navigate this evolving terrain.
Predicting Factors of the Success Rate of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy in Ureteral Stones: A Retrospective Evaluation with Large Patient Participiant
Authors: YILMAZ Ali Haydar , DEMİRDÖĞEN Şaban Oğuz , KOÇAKGÖL Hüseyin , KOZUBAEV Bakytbek , AL Salih
Published: January 2024

Objective: In our retrospectively planned study; treated with ESWL method; we aimed to investigate the factors that predict the success of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) and its reliability in our patients with ureteral stones.
Material and Methods: The study includes 489 patients treated for ureteral stones at Atatürk University Urology Clinic between 2008 and 2013. Patients underwent a maximum of three sessions of ESWL. Those who had fractures within two sessions were considered successful. Patients who underwent ESWL due to ureteral stones were retrospectively examined from hospital records. In predicting ESWL success, parameters such as gender, age, opacity, side and complication rates, and the need for additional procedures were evaluated. In patients who were stone-free after ESWL or had residual stones smaller than 4 mm on control imaging, ESWL was considered successful and stone-free was achieved. Sedoanalgesia was applied only to pediatric patients.
Results: A total of 486 patients who underwent ESWL for ureteral stones were included in the study. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to age groups. Ages 1-18 were the first group, ages 20-40 were the second group, and people over 40 were the third group. Stone-free status was not statistically significant in terms of age groups and gender parameters. As a complication, stone street developed in 3 patients and hematuria developed in 2 patients. No significance was found between complications and the location of the stones (p=0.531). There was a significance between stone size and stone-free status and the development of complications (p=0.016, p=0.0001, respectively).
Conclusion: It is essential to predict treatment success in ESWL and to protect patients from complications, time loss and morbidity that may arise from unnecessary treatment and procedures. In our study with large patient participation, we showed that ESWL is a method that can be safely preferred in ureteral stones with high success and low complication rates. In our study, stone size was found to be an important predictive value in predicting success.