bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The clinically effective use of cardiac markers by restructuring laboratory profiles at Cardiology wards
Authors: Keppel Martin H. , Kolbitsch Tobias , Hoppe Uta C. , Auer Simon , Felder Thomas K. , Oberkofler Hannes , Mrazek Cornelia , Haschke-Becher Elisabeth , Cadamuro Janne
Published: May 2020

Background

Laboratory overutilization is associated with diagnostic error and potential patient risk. We applied a demand management strategy in collaboration with the local Department of Cardiology to reduce the cardiac markers high-sensitive troponin T (hsTropT) and N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) in laboratory ordering profiles (LOPs). The present study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the implemented strategies.

Methods

Strategies included educational measures and evidence-guided, active test de-selection from all cardiology ward LOPs, and/or permanent removal from LOPs. Tests remained available at all times. We evaluated overutilization by reductions in monthly orders, and assessed differences in 30-day all-cause readmission rate and length of patients’ hospital stay.

Results

Overall, we observed a mean reduction of 66.1% ± 7.6% (n = 277 ± 31) in hsTropT tests. Educational measures effectively reduced NTproBNP orders by 52.8% ± 17.7% (n = 60 ± 20). Permanent removal of tests from LOPs additionally decreased orders to a final extent of 75.8% ± 8.0% (n = 322 ± 31) in NTproBNP tests. The 30-day readmission rate and overall length of hospital stay did not increase.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that cardiac markers in routine care are subject to extensive overutilization when used within LOPs. Educational measures are an effective strategy to overcome the overutilization of cardiac markers but may be more effective when combined with the removal of cardiac markers from LOPs.
Quantification of the HIV-1 total reservoir in the peripheral blood of naïve and treated patients by a standardised method derived from a commercial HIV-1 RNA quantification assay
Authors: Di Sante Laura , Costantini Andrea , Caucci Sara , Corsi Alice , Brescini Lucia , Menzo Stefano , Bagnarelli Patrizia
Published: May 2020

Objectives

HIV-1 DNA can persist in host cells, establishing a latent reservoir. This study was aimed to develop an extraction and amplification protocol for HIV-1 DNA quantification by modifying a quantitative commercial assay.

Methods

HIV-1 DNA was extracted on an Abbott m2000sp instrument, using an open-mode protocol. Two calibrators, spiked with a plasmid containing HIV-1 genome (103 and 105 cps/mL), were extracted and amplified to generate a master calibration curve. Precision, accuracy, linear dynamic range, limit of quantification (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) were determined. A cohort of patients, naïve or chronically infected, was analysed.

Results

Calibration curve was obtained from 42 replicates of standards (stds); precision was calculated (coefficients of variability [CVs] below 10%); accuracy was higher than 90%. Linearity covered the entire range tested (10–104 copies per reaction), and LOD (95%) was 12 copies per reaction. HIV-1 DNA was significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in drug-naïve (62) than in chronically treated patients (50), and proviral loads correlated with lymphocytes (p = 0.0002) and CD4+ (p < 0.0001) counts only in naïve patients. Both groups displayed a significant inverse correlation between CD4+ nadir and proviral loads. A significant correlation (p < 0.0001) between viraemia and HIV-1 reservoir was disclosed. No significant difference was obtained from the comparison between proviral loads on whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from the same patient.

Conclusions

The novelty of our approach relies on the selection of appropriate reference standard extracted and amplified as clinical specimens avoiding any underestimation of the reservoir. Results confirm HIV-1 DNA as a marker of disease progression, supporting the relationship between the width of latent reservoir and the immunological status of the patient.
Within-subject and between-subject biological variation of first morning void urine amino acids in 12 healthy subjects
Authors: Alp Hamit Hakan , Akbay Halil İbrahim , Çokluk Erdem , Huyut Zubeyir , Keskin Sıddık , Şekeroğlu Mehmet Ramazan
Published: May 2020

Background

Urine amino acid analysis is used for the assessment of various diseases. The aim of this study was to estimate the valid biological variation (BV) components (within- and between-subjects) required for the safe clinical application of free urine amino acids.

Methods

First morning void urine samples were taken from 12 healthy subjects (five females, seven males) once a week for 10 consecutive weeks, and amino acid analysis was performed using an Agilent 6470 triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer instrument. The obtained data were subjected to normality, outlier and variance homogeneity analyses prior to coefficient of variation (CV) analysis. Within- and between-subject BV values (CVI and CVG) of 39 amino acids were determined for all subjects. In addition, the index of individuality (II), reference change value (RCV), imprecision, bias and total error were estimated using BV data obtained from our study.

Results

The CVI values ranged from 8.9 (histidine) to 36.8% (trans-4-hydroxyprolin), while the CVG values ranged from 25.0 (1-methyl-L-histidine) to 63.3% (phenylalanine). The II value of most amino acids was less than 0.6 and ranged between 0.21 and 0.88. The imprecision, bias and total error ranged between 4.45 and 16.6, between 7.69 and 16.6, and between 18.4 and 43.2, respectively.

Conclusions

This study, designed according to a rigorous protocol, has the feature of being the first to give information about BV data of urine amino acids. We believe that the reference intervals have a limitation in the evaluation of consecutive results from an individual, so the use of RCV would be more appropriate.
Influence of reagent lots and multiple measuring systems on estimating the coefficient of variation from quality control data; implications for uncertainty estimation and interpretation of QC results
Authors: Ellis Ashley D. , Gross Alexander R. , Budd Jeffrey R. , Miller W. Greg
Published: May 2020

Background

Clinical laboratories use internal quality control (QC) data to calculate standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV) to estimate uncertainty of results and to interpret QC results. We examined the influence of different instruments, and QC and reagent lots on the CV calculated from QC data.

Methods

Results for BioRad Multiqual frozen liquid QC samples over a 2-year interval were partitioned by QC and reagent lots. The mean and CV were calculated for each partition for each of three Abbott Architect c8000 instruments for measuring serum alanine amino transferase (ALT), creatinine (enzymatic), glucose and sodium.

Results

CVs differed among partitions and instruments for two QC levels by 5.8- and 3.3-fold for ALT, by 4.7- and 2.1-fold for creatinine, by 2.0- and 2.6-fold for glucose, and by 2.1- and 2.0-fold for sodium. Pooled CVs for two QC levels varied among instruments by 1.78- and 1.11-fold for ALT, by 1.63- and 1.11-fold for creatinine, by 1.08- and 1.06-fold for glucose, and by 1.24- and 1.31-fold for sodium.

Conclusions

The CVs from QC data varied substantially among QC and reagent lots and for different identical specification instruments. The CV used to estimate uncertainty for a measurement result or as the basis for interpreting individual QC results must be derived over a sufficient time interval to obtain a pooled CV that represents “typical” performance of a measuring system. An estimate of uncertainty provided to users of laboratory results will itself have uncertainty that can influence medical decisions.
Focused ethnography: a new tool to study diagnostic errors?
Authors: Chopra Vineet
Published: May 2020

While much attention has been given to quantifying errors in diagnosis, how best to study the process of diagnosis is less clear. Focused ethnography as a methodology is particularly valuable for studying healthcare processes because it examines specific questions, situations or problems among a smaller group of individuals. In this paper, we review this approach and illustrate how we applied it to study diagnostic errors in hospitalized patients.
Between Web search engines and artificial intelligence: what side is shown in laboratory tests?
Authors: Negrini Davide , Padoan Andrea , Plebani Mario
Published: May 2020

Background

The number of websites providing laboratory test information is increasing fast, although the accuracy of reported resources is sometimes questionable. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of online retrievable information by Google Search engine.

Methods

Considering urinalysis, cholesterol and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as keywords, the Google Search engine was queried. Using Google Trends, users’ search trends (interest over time) were evaluated in a 5-year period. The first three or 10 retrieved hits were analysed in blind by two reviewers and classified according to the type of owner or publisher and for the quality of the reported Web content.

Results

The interest over time constantly increased for all the three considered tests. Most of the Web content owners were editorial and/or publishing groups (mean percentage 35.5% and 30.0% for the first three and 10 hits, respectively). Public and health agencies and scientific societies are less represented. Among the first three and 10 hits, cited sources were found to vary from 26.0% to 46.7% of Web page results, whilst for cholesterol, 60% of the retrieved Web contents reported only authors’ signatures.

Conclusions

Our findings confirm those obtained in other studies in the literature, demonstrating that online Web searches can lead patients to inadequately written or reviewed health information.
MİDYE ÖRNEKLERİNDE VIBRIO PARAHAEMOLYTICUS'A KARŞI KORUK, LİMON VE NAR SUYUNUN ANTİBAKTERİYEL ETKİSİ
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Fatma
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışmada, koruk, limon ve nar suyunun Vibrio parahaemolyticus’a karşı antibakteriyel etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, midye örneklerine yaklaşık 107 KOB/g V. parahaemolyticus inokule edilmiştir. İnokülasyon yapılan midye örnekleri 0, 30, 60 ve 90 dk koruk, limon ve nar suyunda bekletilmiş ve 4 oC’da 6 gün boyunca depolanmıştır. Depolama periyodunda, V. parahaemolyticus sayısı, pH ve titre edilebilir asitlik belirlenmiş ve duyusal parametreler açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, en yüksek antibakteriyel etki koruk suyu uygulanan deneme gruplarında görülmüştür (P <0.05). Denemenin 0. gününde koruk, limon ve nar suyu uygulanan gruplardaki V. parahaemolyticus sayısı, konsantrasyona bağlı olarak sırasıyla 2.22-2.64; 1.58-1.85 ve 1.44-1.71 log KOB/g düzeyinde azalma göstermiştir. Bu azalma eğilimi depolamanın diğer günlerinde de devam etmiştir. Duyusal değerlendirme sonucunda, nar suyunun, midye örneklerinin renk ve görünüşünü olumsuz etkilediği belirlenmiştir (P <0.05). Araştırma sonunda, ev uygulamalarında kullanılan sofra tipi asitleştiricilerin, özellikle koruk suyunun yüksek düzeyde antibakteriyel etkisinin olduğu, su ürünlerinde gıda güvenliğin sağlanması için kullanılabileceği belirlenmiştir.
Women's Power and Electability in Southeast Sulawesi: A Case Study for Provincial and National Legislative Candidate
Authors: Zuada La Husen , Adriadi Rekho , Kadir Abdul
Published: May 2020

This research examined the role of power in increasing the choice of women legislative candidates. Women's electability has increased in the four election periods (2004, 2009, 2014, 2019) in Southeast Sulawesi. The interesting thing on the results of the 2014 election found that eight of the nine elected women legislators are the wives of four active regents, three former regents, and the governor during the election process. They are the 'new face' in the politics and previously have never become a legislative member, except become the Chair of the Dharma Wanita who are accompanying their husbands as regional heads. The reasons for women's electability in the legislative underlie this research. Through a qualitative approach, this study found that the power resources were owned by their families (money and bureaucracy) and personal abilities were also the factors of choice. In the context of Southeast Sulawesi, this study found a change in the vote mobilization strategies. Ethnic mobilization (locality) that characterized the local politics of Southeast Sulawesi had a smaller impact on the election, whereas money politics (economic resource) and bureaucratic politicization (normative) had a strong impact on the voters. This study enriches the findings in the vote mobilization strategies, namely the combination of locality/friends-neighbors (ethnicity), money and bureaucracy as the factors of politicians' electability.
Be Aware of Inequality: Political Challenges and Redistributive Public Policies
Authors: Suaib Eka , Husein Najib , Santoso Dodi
Published: May 2020

This article focused to uncover inequalities in natural resource management. The presence of a mining business in a region is dilemmatic. On one hand, it can be a blessing because regions need investment in order to boost regional income because companies can provide royalties to the government that grants permits, both to the regional government, provincial government, and district/city government. This is not to mention various taxes such as land rent, buildings, and other taxes. However, in terms of equality, especially in local community, a mining company discriminates and acts unfairly. The community stated that the mining company had no impact on welfare. The second dilemma is implicated in more inclusive development to reduce inequalities in the context of democracy. So far, studies on mining have been carried out by scientists from various perspectives such as mining, mining and investment governance, social conflicts in the mining sector, the impact of the mining sector on environmental damage, natural wealth in the mining sector, natural resources curse, and political economy of mining sector. Based on various studies above, scientists have not much attention to the dynamic aspects between mining management and the enforcement of citizenship rights. This study found the novelty, that in the context of regional autonomy which gives freedom to the regions and actors to manage natural wealth. By using a public policy perspective, this study found that the importance of policy making so that there is equality of rights. It is hoped that vulnerable and marginal groups can help to reduce inequality, especially on gaps that occur from time to time.
Government Strategy in Political Education as Public Participation Improvement to Reach Democracy System in Semarang City
Authors: Suparno Suparno , Karmanis Karmanis , Sunaryo Alexius
Published: May 2020

Republic of Indonesia is a democratic country which means all matters in the country must be based on the wishes of the people. Successful democracy in a country can be judged by the implementation of direct, general, free, and secret elections. The people have the right to determine their government so that people have valuable values in a democratic country. In this study, researchers formulated the government strategy in political education as an effort to increase public participation in realizing a democratic system in Semarang City. This research used a descriptive qualitative method. This research was conducted in Semarang City, Central Java. The implementation of a political education by the Semarang City government has not been maximized. Based on the results of the research, the provision of information for the implementation of public political participation, especially the young age grouphas not been running optimally. Second, the Media (political parties) as an aggregation of the public interests, must be more active in building communication systems, one of which is by gathering public aspirations in public consultation forums. Third, the implementation of political activities are in various methods, such as social activities, seminars, studies, socialization and training, and coaching, those implementations are determined according to the right conditions, scheduled and routine, but do not rule out the possibility of activities adapted to existing conditions.
Indonesian Cyber Law Formulation in The Development Of National Laws In 4.0 Era
Authors: Nur Azmi Rama Halim
Published: May 2020

The digital age has made the loss of boundaries for interaction and communication which then creates a new world of cyberspace. The cyberspace entity on the one hand provides advantages and on the other hand also causes losses if there is no protection in the cyberspace. Protection of cyberspace in Indonesia is still far from good and tends to be bad. Even President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono has been a victim of the weak protection of the cyberspace. These weaknesses are the implications of the existence of norms that are legal norms which are the basis of the implementation of cyberspace protection in Indonesia. In this paper ,we will discuss  about the problems of  cyberspace in Indonesia and how legal norms should be present as a means of social control and engineering. Especially the cyberspace in order to realize order and security in the cyberspace. The method used in this study is the normative juridical method with the legislation approach and case approach.
Cryptocurrency’s Control in the Misuse of Money Laundering Acts as an Effort to Maintain the Resilience and Security of the State
Authors: Adiyatma Septhian Eka , Maharani Dhita Fitria
Published: May 2020

Along with the times, the latest transaction system emerged using Cryptocurrency in its development is used as a digital payment instrument. The problem discussed in this research is the opportunity to misuse Cryptocurrency as a digital currency that can be used as a form of Money Laundering crime. This research uses the normative legal research method. The author uses primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials using a qualitative approach. This research also uses the principle of state responsibility to protect as a knife of analysis. The development of Money Laundering crimes can be anything as an example is money laundering in the form of Cryptocurrency investments. Thus the regulations regarding handling money laundering in the form of crypto currency investment must be upheld and improve the quality of human resources in the hope of becoming part of the savior of state money from money laundering through the ability of its virtual team.
Analysis The Effectiveness Of Tax Relaxation Due To Covid-19 Pandemy On Indonesian Economic Defense
Authors: Munandar Mutiara Hamdalah
Published: May 2020

The Act Number 28 of 2007 concerning General Provisions and Tax Procedures, it is explained that tax is a mandatory contribution to the state owed by individuals or entities that are forcing based on the law, with no direct compensation and is used for state purposes for the magnitude of people's prosperity. Indonesia began to impose taxes with a self assessment system or trust to calculate tax payable, pay off tax shortages, calculate taxes paid, and report to the Directorate General of Taxes themselves. On March 13, 2020, the Ministry of Finance said that income tax relaxation would be imposed. The government has issued Regulation of the Minister of Finance (PMK) number 23 / PMK.03 / 2020, regarding Tax Incentives for Taxpayers affected by Corona Virus. However, is this effective? What is the impact of this relaxation policy on Indonesia's economic defense?

Keyword : Taxes, Tax Relaxation, Income, Economic Defense
ENDOCRINOLOGY IN THE TIME OF COVID-19: Management of calcium metabolic disorders and osteoporosis
Authors: Gittoes Neil J , Criseno Sherwin , Appelman-Dijkstra Natasha M , Bollerslev Jens , Canalis Ernesto , Rejnmark Lars , Hassan-Smith Zaki
Published: May 2020

Endocrinologists have had to make rapid changes to services so that resources can be focused on the COVID-19 response to help prevent spread of the virus. Herein we provide pragmatic advice on the management of commonly encountered calcium metabolic problems and osteoporosis. Non-urgent elective appointments should be postponed, and remote consultations and digital health solutions promoted. Patients should be empowered to self-manage their conditions safely. Patients, their caregivers and healthcare providers should be directed to assured national or international online resources and specific patient groups. For patients in acute hospital settings, existing emergency guidance on the management of hyper- and hypo-calcaemia should be followed. An approach to osteoporosis management is outlined. IV zoledronic acid infusions can be delayed for 6–9 months during the pandemic. Patients established on denosumab, teriparatide and abaloparatide should continue planned therapy. In the event of supply issues with teriparatide or abaloparatide, pausing this treatment in the short term is likely to be relatively harmless, whereas delaying denosumab may cause an immediate increased risk of fracture. The challenge of this pandemic will act as a catalyst to innovate within our management of metabolic bone and mineral disorders to ensure best use of resources and resilience of healthcare systems in its aftermath.
Unique characterization of complex endocarditic vegetations using 3D TOE
Authors: Khan Muhammad , De Sousa Ruben , Rai Kam , Khan Jamal Nasir
Published: May 2020

A 31-year-old male was admitted with suspected infective endocarditis, given a history of i.v. drug use, lung and cerebral abscesses and Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. TTE imaging was limited given supine positioning and mechanical ventilation but suggested a posterior mitral valve leaflet (PMVL) mass. Three-dimensional TOE provided uniquely detailed assessment of two complex infective masses. The attachment of the presumed P2 mass on TTE was indeterminant even on 2D-TOE, appearing attached to the PMVL or AMVL depending on rotational view (Fig. 1). 3D-TOE imaging and subsequent multiplanar and volume-rendered reconstruction revealed this to be a complex, large vegetation attached to the anterior aspect of the anterolateral commissure with mobile heads prolapsing into the left atrium and causing mild mitral regurgitation through a small basal perforation (Figs 2, 3 and Video 1). The second mass was a filamentous vegetation attached to the LVOT, prolapsing towards but not contacting the aortic valve (Fig. 4 and Video 2). Comprehensive assessment of complex vegetations is crucial for optimal surgical planning. 3D-TOE allows rapid, accurate, unique assessment of such masses through unlimited multiplanar reconstructions, volume-rendered real-time imaging and colour full-volume regurgitation assessment which may not always possible on 2D-TTE or 2D-TOE. 3D imaging should be routinely used in TOE and in particular in suspected endocarditis.
Children’s Mental Health Emergency Department Visits: 2007–2016
Authors: Lo Charmaine B. , Bridge Jeffrey A. , Shi Junxin , Ludwig Lorah , Stanley Rachel M.
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Emergency department (ED) visits for children seeking mental health care have increased. Few studies have examined national patterns and characteristics of EDs that these children present to. In data from the National Pediatric Readiness Project, it is reported that less than half of EDs are prepared to treat children. Our objective is to describe the trends in pediatric mental health visits to US EDs, with a focus on low-volume, nonmetropolitan EDs, which have been shown to be less prepared to provide pediatric emergency care.

METHODS:

Using 2007 to 2016 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample databases, we assessed the number of ED visits made by children (5–17 years) with a mental health disorder using descriptive statistics. ED characteristics included pediatric volume, children’s ED classification, and location.

RESULTS:

Pediatric ED visits have been stable; however, visits for deliberate self-harm increased 329%, and visits for all mental health disorders rose 60%. Visits for children with a substance use disorder rose 159%, whereas alcohol-related disorders fell 39%. These increased visits occurred among EDs of all pediatric volumes, regardless of children’s ED classification. Visits to low-pediatric-volume and nonmetropolitan areas rose 53% and 41%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although the total number of pediatric ED visits has remained stable, visits among children with mental health disorders have risen, particularly among youth presenting for deliberate self-harm and substance abuse. The majority of these visits occur at nonchildren’s EDs in both metropolitan and nonurban settings, which have been shown to be less prepared to provide higher-level pediatric emergency care.
Clinical Features of E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use–Associated Lung Injury in Teenagers
Authors: Rao Devika R. , Maple Kendra L. , Dettori Amy , Afolabi Folashade , Francis Jenny K.R. , Artunduaga Maddy , Lieu Tiffany J. , Aldy Kim , Cao Dazhe James , Hsu Stephanie , Feng Sing Yi , Mittal Vineeta
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND:

In the United States in 2019, there was an outbreak of electronic cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury (EVALI). The manifestations of EVALI in adolescents are not well characterized. We describe the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of EVALI in adolescents hospitalized at a tertiary care, university-affiliated children’s hospital.

METHODS:

A multidisciplinary committee developed an EVALI algorithm on the basis of guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients diagnosed with EVALI. Descriptive analyses included sociodemographic characteristics, clinical presentation, laboratory and imaging results, pulmonary function testing, oxygen requirements, and clinic follow-up.

RESULTS:

Thirteen hospitalized adolescents were diagnosed with confirmed or probable EVALI. The majority were female (54%) with a mean age of 15.9 years. Sixty-nine percent of patients presented with respiratory symptoms, whereas gastrointestinal symptoms were prominent in 85% of patients. Vaping Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol was reported in 92% of patients, and vaping nicotine was reported in 62% of patients. All had bilateral ground-glass opacities on the chest computed tomography (CT) scan. Treatment with glucocorticoids led to clinical improvement in 11 of 12 patients. Treatment with glucocorticoids led to improvement in both forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity (P < .05). Four patients required home oxygen on the basis of 6-minute walk test results.

CONCLUSIONS:

Diagnosis of EVALI should be suspected on the basis of vaping history and clinical presentation. Glucocorticoid treatment led to an improvement in symptoms and lung function. The 6-minute walk test may help determine oxygen needs at discharge.
Amuletos como mídia: poder estampado em ossos e o “Antigo Israel”.
Authors: Klein Cardoso Silas
Published: May 2020

A difícil relação entre “cultura popular” e “religião” é alvo recorrente de discussões nas Ciências da Religião e na História da Religião do Antigo Israel. Dentre as variadas aproximações ao tema, há dificuldades na categorização dos conceitos, assim como posições divergentes sobre o lugar dessas práticas dentre o quadro sócio-religioso mais amplo. O presente artigo, alimentado e reagindo à discussão, coopera através da conceituação de objetos de poder como mídia, i.e., como objetos que, ao encarnar “poder religioso”, tornam-se, em si, poder religioso, hibridizando alteridade e identidade últimas. Para tanto, é realizado breve panorama sobre a discussão de magia na História da Religião de Israel e uma discussão, a partir da filosofia de mídia e estudos de cultura material, para a conceituação de objetos de poder. Ao fim, é apresentado estudo de caso com análise de um selo de estampar de osso de tell en-Nasḅeh.
Medicina ou magia? O contexto cultural e religioso das práticas curativas de Hildegard von Bingen
Authors: Barcala Martin Santos , De Souza Nogueira Paulo Augusto
Published: May 2020

O presente artigo é uma investigação do tema da magia e religião popular nas obras de Hildegard von Bingen, teóloga, mística visionária e monja beneditina do século 12. O objetivo é demonstrar como a magia articula a interação entre Hildegard e a religião popular de sua época, borrando as fronteiras ortodoxas de sua reflexão teológica, que ora condena a prática da magia, ora se imiscui em rituais que em nada diferem daqueles praticados por magos, bruxas ou feiticeiros.
O riso e a ironia no relato de Marcos 5.1-20
Authors: Macedo dos Santos Paulo Sérgio
Published: May 2020

Os estudos bíblicos avançaram muito sobre a seara da crítica literária nos últimos tempos. As funções narrativas do texto, bem como a diversidade de gêneros literários que os compõe, foram analisadas sob diversos prismas. A utilização de ferramentas da crítica literária moderna colabora para a imersão em níveis mais profundos daquilo que pode ser motivador na feitura do texto, que vão desde a construção mítica do arquétipo do herói, passando pela influência de outras culturas, até a presença da cultura popular. Poucas são as pesquisas que se debruçaram sobre as características do risível presente nessas construções narrativas.O presente estudo não tem a pretensão de exaurir todas as questões sobre o tema do riso em textos sagrados. Antes, procura relacionar  a presença clara de aspectos do riso e do risível, da ironia e do sarcasmo como constantes no Evangelho de Marcos 5.1-20, evidenciando aquilo que, para alguns críticos do riso (Henri Bergson, Georges Minois, Quintiliano, entre outros), denota  a presença da ironia, do chiste e do risível como elementos narrativos. A dicotomia imposta pelos estudos clássicos dificulta a interconexão de estilos como sério e risonho, e pode ser justificada por outra dicotomia que divide o mundo entre sagrado e profano. Neste artigo, busca-se refletir que nos ambientes criativos essas divisões são artificiais e esvaziadas de sentido.
Visiones or superstitiones magicae? Os mártires como agentes sobrenaturais no cristianismo primitivo
Authors: Matos Denilson Silva
Published: May 2020

Este artigo pretende explorar a relação entre martírio e magia como um dos fatores para as perseguições aos primeiros cristãos no segundo século da era cristã. A combinação entre a construção da imagem do mártir e o crescente processo de repressão de práticas consideradas suspeitas e ameaçadoras por parte do império romano, em especial com o imperador Septímio Severo (193-211), contribuem para a possível relação. Ao enquadrar as práticas cristãs na categoria de superstitio e freelance expert em religião nos permite identificar o modo como os romanos viam os cristãos do império, a saber, como um grupo misterioso que possuía conhecimento de astrologia, magia e conceitos sobrenaturais.
Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds/Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LIGHT Laboratories, Clarendon Way
Authors: Cosentino F. , Grant P. J. , Aboyans V. , Bailey G. J. , Ceriello А. , Delgado V. , Federici M. , Filippatos G. , Grobbee D. E. , Hansen T. В. , Huikuri H. V. , Johansson I. , Jüni P. , Lettino M. , Marx N. , Mellbin L. G. , Östgren C. J. , Rocca B. , Roffi M. , Sattar N. , Seferović P. M. , Sousa-Uva M. , Valensi P. , Wheeler D. C.
Published: May 2020

The Task Force for diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)
Interaction between a biostimulant and cyazofamid in the control of clubroot of crucifers under conditions of high disease density
Authors: Irokawa Flávio Mitsuru , Zambolim Laércio , Parreira Douglas Ferreira
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Clubroot of crucifers is a root disease caused by the fungus Plasmodiophora brassicae, responsible for causing more than 40% economic damage to brassica crops. This disease has led to a gradual decline in brassica production in several countries, including Brazil, where an approximate volume of 50 thousand tons are marketed every year. There are few studies involving the control of this disease, which led to the development of an experiment with four treatments: T1. negative control, T2. biostimulant (phosphorus + auxin + fulvic acid), T3. biostimulant + fungicide (phosphorus + auxin + fulvic acid + cyazofamid) and T4. fungicide (cyazofamid). The lowest incidence value obtained in the last evaluation was 21% (79% control) with the mixture of biostimulant and fungicide; the biostimulant alone did not significantly differ from the negative control, considering the condition of high inoculum density, which serves as a basis for future studies with a mixture of new compounds and biocontrol agents compatible with the fungicide.
Detecção de Pantoea ananatis em sementes de milho
Authors: Mamede Morgana Coelho , Tebaldi Nilvanira Donizete
Published: May 2020

RESUMO A cultura milho (Zea mays L.) está sujeita a ocorrência de várias doenças, entre elas a mancha branca, causada pela bactéria Pantoea ananatis. Recentemente a bactéria foi detectada em sementes de milho. Diante disso, este trabalho teve como objetivos: avaliar meios de cultura para detecção de P. ananatis, detectar a presença da bactéria em oito genótipos de sementes milho, identificar e caracterizar bioquímica e molecularmente os isolados bacterianos obtidos. Para avaliação dos meios de cultura, o isolado de P. ananatis foi cultivado em cinco meios de cultura (523, NA, TSA, PA10 e PA20) com ausência e presença dos fungicidas ciclohexamida e tiofanato metílico, com três repetições cada. A eficiência de cada meio de cultura foi determinada a partir do diâmetro das colônias e contagem do número de colônias em UFC mL-1. Para detecção da bactéria em sementes, oito genótipos de milho foram avaliados. Os extratos das sementes foram diluídos em série (10-1 a 10-2) e cultivados em três meios de cultura (523, NA e TSA) com três repetições para cada diluição. Os isolados obtidos foram caracterizados bioquímica, fisiologicamente e molecularmente. Os meios de cultura TSA e 523 com adição de ciclohexamida foram eficientes para a detecção de P. ananatis. A bactéria foi detectada em cinco genótipos de sementes de milho. O meio de cultura TSA com adição de ciclohexamida pode ser recomendado para a detecção de P. ananatis em sementes de milho.
Validação de um sistema de previsão para a queima das pontas das folhas da cebola
Authors: Marcuzzo Leandro Luiz
Published: May 2020

RESUMO Com o objetivo de validar um sistema de previsão, com diferentes níveis de severidade, comparados à pulverização convencional no controle da queima das pontas da cebola, foram conduzidos experimentos em Rio do Sul/SC durante os ciclos de cultivo de 2017, 2018 e 2019. Os programas de pulverização foram estabelecidos de acordo com valores diários de severidade estimada (SE) do sistema de Marcuzzo & Haveroth atribuindo-se valores acumulados de 20, 25, e 30 SE e no sistema convencional com pulverizações a cada 5 e 7 dias, comparado com a testemunha não tratada com fungicidas. Com exceção da testemunha, não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos quanto à produtividade em todos os ciclos. A AACPD, a severidade final e a taxa de progresso da doença não diferiram entre os tratamentos, mas no sistema de previsão com SE 30 o número de pulverizações foi de 40; 33 e 25% menor em relação ao sistema de aplicação semanal nos três anos de avaliação.
Los vínculos afectivos en la adherencia a tratamientos por VIH y por consumos problemáticos de drogas (Argentina, 2014-2016)
Authors: Jones Daniel , Cunial Santiago Luján
Published: May 2020

Resumen: El presente artículo analiza los cruces entre experiencias terapéuticas y vínculos afectivos en las trayectorias de dos grupos de pacientes con padecimientos crónicos: personas con consumos problemáticos de drogas en tratamiento en dispositivos religiosos de atención terapéutica; y personas con VIH bajo atención clínica y tratamiento antirretroviral. El artículo parte de una estrategia metodológica cualitativa, basada en entrevistas en profundidad. La hipótesis es que los tratamientos (farmacológicos o psicológicos) usualmente resultan insuficientes para brindar respuestas terapéuticas adecuadas a estos dos padecimientos crónicos. Los grupos entrevistados reconocen la centralidad de las dimensiones afectivas para la adherencia a las pautas de tratamiento propuestas y para un abordaje integral, y consecuentemente más efectivo, del VIH y de las adicciones a las drogas. El artículo concluye presentando una noción de adherencia que excede el comportamiento individual de mero cumplimiento de las prescripciones de los tratamientos. La adherencia es menos una experiencia personal que colectiva, en la que el entorno cercano de familiares, redes de pares y profesionales y otros referentes terapéuticos juegan un papel central.
Inversion of traditional gender roles and intimate partner violence against pregnant women
Authors: Ribeiro Marizélia Rodrigues Costa , Silva Antônio Augusto Moura da , Schraiber Lilia Blima , Murray Joseph , Alves Maria Teresa Seabra Soares de Britto e , Batista Rosângela Fernardes Lucena , Rodrigues Livia dos Santos , Bettiol Heloisa , Cavalli Ricardo de Carvalho , Barbieri Marco Antonio
Published: May 2020

This study analyzed the association between the inversion of traditional gender roles and exclusive psychological and physical/sexual intimate partner violence, in a cross-sectional study of Brazilian pregnant women, identified through prenatal services in the municipalities of São Luís, Maranhão State (n = 992) and Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State (n = 943). The pregnant women ranged from 12 to 45 years. Inversion of traditional gender roles was assessed by calculating differences in age, education and occupation between pregnant women and their co-residing intimate partners and identifying the largest contribution to family income. The conceptual model was tested with structural equation modeling and showed acceptable fit. The prevalence of any type of intimate partner violence was 29.8% in São Luís and 20.1% in Ribeirão Preto. In both municipalities, pregnant women were more likely to suffer exclusive psychological and physical/sexual violence when they had the highest income in the family (p < 0.005). In São Luís, physical/sexual violence was more common among women who were better educated than their partners (standardized coefficient, SC = -0.466; p = 0.007). In Ribeirão Preto, exclusive psychological violence was more frequent among women who had lower status occupations than their partners (SC = 0.236; p = 0.004). Inversion of traditional gender roles is associated with exclusive psychological and physical/sexual violence against pregnant women by their co-residing intimate partners. These findings suggest that women's empowerment at an individual level does not necessarily relieve them of intimate partner abuse in social contexts where traditional gender norms persist.
NÚCLEO FIGURATIVO DA REPRESENTAÇÃO SOCIAL: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: LIMA RITA DE CÁSSIA PEREIRA , CAMPOS PEDRO HUMBERTO FARIA
Published: May 2020

RESUMO: Este estudo tem como objetivo discutir o “núcleo figurativo”, parte integrante da Teoria das Representações Sociais (TRS), fundamentada na Psicologia Social. O foco, aqui, é o campo educacional, na perspectiva de um olhar psicossocial para as relações educativas. O núcleo figurativo é abordado, neste texto, por meio de obras clássicas da TRS, principalmente pelo texto: A psicanálise, sua imagem e seu público, de Serge Moscovici. Avanços posteriores são também considerados, retomando-se os conceitos de “núcleo central” e de “imagem social”. A consequência das reflexões apresentadas para o estudo da objetivação da representação social é a necessária e incontornável complementariedade entre essas noções. A título de ilustração, são apresentadas duas pesquisas da área da Educação, nas quais o núcleo figurativo foi condensado em “metáforas”, as quais coordenaram os discursos dos grupos que participaram desses estudos. Este estudo propõe que o aprofundamento do núcleo figurativo é uma via fértil para as pesquisas no campo da Educação, principalmente porque permite as relações entre pensamento, práticas sociais e mudanças.
Sentidos da universalidade na VIII Conferência Nacional de Saúde: entre o conceito ampliado de saúde e a ampliação do acesso a serviços de saúde
Authors: Rosário Celita Almeida , Baptista Tatiana Wargas de Faria , Matta Gustavo Corrêa
Published: May 2020

RESUMO O artigo discute os sentidos de universalidade da saúde presentes na VIII Conferência Nacional de Saúde (CNS). A partir da análise de documentos elaborados na Conferência e de documentos históricos produzidos pela mídia e por instituições de saúde coletiva, inferiu-se que, embora o termo universalidade tenha sido utilizado superficialmente, a identificação de eixos temáticos evidenciou a existência de uma disputa discursiva entre um sentido de universalidade como ampliação do direito à saúde versus a ampliação do acesso aos serviços de saúde. Contudo, o sentido atrelado ao conceito ampliado de saúde e à concepção de direito à saúde abrangente foi predominante. Esse sentido foi vocalizado por atores inseridos no cenário acadêmico, representantes de sindicatos, militantes de movimentos sociais e movimento da reforma sanitária. Foram, ainda, identificados como as principais condições de possibilidades para a emergência desse sentido no contexto da VIII CNS: o processo de redemocratização do Estado no final da década de 1980 e a disseminação de propostas para uma reforma ampla nos setores sociais, atreladas à ideia de garantia de direitos de cidadania.
Fatores de risco para ocorrência de diarreia em crianças residentes na Ilha de Guaratiba (RJ)
Authors: Aguiar Kelly Cristina Genesio de , Cohen Simone Cynamon , Maciel Elvira Maria Godinho de Seixas , Kligerman Débora Cynamon
Published: May 2020

RESUMO Este artigo visou analisar a ocorrência de diarreia aguda em crianças menores de 5 anos assistidas pela Estratégia Saúde da Família de Ilha de Guaratiba, e as condições habitacionais e de saneamento da localidade. Foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico transversal. A análise das variáveis foi feita por meio de regressão logística simples e múltipla. As variáveis que apresentaram associação com a diarreia foram: (a) criança de idade <2,5 anos; frequentar creche/escola e renda familiar <um salário mínimo; (b) presença de filtro de água e tratamento domiciliar da água; (c) presença de inundações, esgoto a céu aberto, transbordamento de fossa e lixo a céu aberto. No modelo de regressão logística, foram considerados dois cenários epidemiológicos, com e sem inundações. No primeiro cenário, as variáveis que mantiveram associação estatisticamente significante com o desfecho foram: tratamento domiciliar da água, esgoto a céu aberto e presença de inundações. No segundo cenário, encontrou-se evidência de associação também da variável frequência a creche/escola. Portanto, este artigo ressalta a importância de políticas públicas, programas e ações com vistas à ampliação do saneamento básico, ao planejamento de ações de saúde pública e à garantia do acesso à educação infantil.
RECLAMAÇÕES FRAUDULENTAS A PARTIR DE CARACTERÍSTICAS DA CULTURA BRASILEIRA: UM ESTUDO QUALITATIVO UTILIZANDO A TÉCNICA PROJETIVA
Authors: Baptista Thuanne Figueiredo , Hemais Marcus Wilcox
Published: May 2020

RESUMO Reclamações de consumidores podem ser feitas por diversos motivos, mas majoritariamente, ocorrem a partir de episódios negativos de consumo. Entretanto, há indivíduos que realizam reclamações a empresas sem necessariamente estarem insatisfeitos. A essa conduta, dá-se o nome de reclamação fraudulenta, que ocorre quando a finalidade do consumidor em realizar a reclamação visa algum lucro monetário ou social à custa da empresa. Apesar da relevância do tema, há poucos estudos a seu respeito na área de marketing, principalmente no Brasil. À frente desse quadro, o presente estudo tem o objetivo de analisar como aspectos relacionados a características da cultura brasileira influenciam a forma como consumidores interpretam a prática de reclamações fraudulentas. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, por meio de entrevistas em profundidade com 27 consumidores, pautadas pelo uso da técnica projetiva. A análise dos dados indica diferentes reações dos entrevistados a reclamações fraudulentas, apresentando sentimentos distintos no que se refere aos comportamentos oportunistas. Foi possível perceber que existe uma relação entre as características da cultura brasileira e as reclamações fraudulentas, que giram em torno da ideia da casa e da rua, do ‘jeitinho brasileiro’, da malandragem, além da ligação entre religião e comportamentos (anti)éticos.
FROM PRACTICE TO THEORY: REFLECTIONS ON THE ORGANIZATION OF SOCIAL MOVEMENTS AND POPULAR STRUGGLES
Authors: Misoczky Maria Ceci , Flores Rafael Kruter
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT This paper argues for an explicit materialist ontology to study social movements and popular struggles that oppose and confront the capitalist social order. Taking into consideration that differences between theories or theoretical systems should be discussed at the ontological dimension, not merely at the epistemological, empirical or logic-formal, we address the differences between the conventional set of Social Movement Theories, the post-Marxist approach, and an alternative approach that dialogues with those engaged in contemporary struggles, through the ontology of social being formulated by György Lukács. These constitute the first part of this paper, which aims to present our ontological, theoretical and methodological positions. In the second part, we offer some theoretical reflection on the themes provided by the activists in their actions and debates, in dialogue with propositions from intellectuals who engaged with social movements and/or oriented their work to oppose the system of capital.
Realismo crítico e desigualdades sociais: considerações a partir de uma pesquisa avaliativa
Authors: Costa Delaine Martins , Magalhães Rosana
Published: May 2020

Resumo A partir de distintos referenciais teóricos (saúde coletiva, avaliação de programas e realismo crítico), o artigo analisa se a transferência de renda condicionada contribui para a redução da pobreza monetária e a melhoria do cuidado à saúde. Utiliza material de pesquisa avaliativa, constituída por um estudo de caso sobre as condicionalidades de saúde do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) e sua implementação pela Estratégia de Saúde da Família, em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde, localizada em uma favela no Rio de Janeiro. Para compreender a dinâmica do programa, foram priorizadas experiências e percepções de gestores, profissionais de saúde e famílias beneficiárias. Como percepção predominante, destaca-se que o PBF: “beneficia quem precisa, mas também quem não precisa”. De um lado, os cuidados em saúde são reconhecidos como limitados, uma vez que as famílias são vulneráveis e apresentam problemas de saúde decorrentes desta condição e, por outro, ter acesso à Clínica é um recurso fundamental dado que benefício é visto como de pequeno valor o que reforça a ideia da “ajuda”. Conclui que os três domínios da realidade estratificada contribuem para compreender o alcance dos programas que lidam com a imbricação de aspectos biológicos e sociais em contextos locais marcados pela desigualdade e pobreza.