bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anthropogenic Elements of the Cultural Landscape of the Island Goli Otok in Croatia
Authors: Bralić Vladi , Krajnik Damir
Published: July 2021

The island Goli otok (north Adriatic, Croatia) cultural landscape is a complex system of interactions between people and nature, which has arisen through the anthropogenic use of this unique natural space with the aim of implementing ideas of the ideological re-education of political prisoners between 1949 and 1956, and the punishment of criminals and some political prisoners between 1956 and 1988. The most significant elements of the cultural landscape of the island are comprised of the anthropogenic structures of the political prison camp which deliberately used the natural features of the landscape in such a way as to enable methods of coercion of prisoners, which finally resulted in the unique identity of the space as a unit.
Postmodern Brodomerkur Office Building in Split by the Architect Danko Colnago, 1985-1990
Authors: Ožić Bašić Dina
Published: July 2021

This paper contributes to the knowledge of the postmodern architecture of the 1980s in the City of Split. It focuses on the Brodomerkur Office Building, which is an outstanding example of postmodern office space in the urban heart of Split. The study analyses the building's urban and architectural features, which are evaluated in both a local and global context. The Brodomerkur Office Building's unique design makes it an architectural gem worthy of landmark status and preservation.
Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Buruh Keluarga Pengrajin Batu Bata
Authors: Aroem Gietha Putri , Hasanuddin Tubagus
Published: July 2021

Terbatasnya lapangan pekerjaan mendorong masyarakat mencari alternatif lain dalam mencari pendapatan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan keluarganya. Salah satu alternatif tersebut adalah dengan menjadi buruh produksi batu bata. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi sosial ekonomi keluarga buruh pengrajin batu bata. Penelitian dilakukan di Kelurahan Campang Raya, Kecamatan Sukabumi, Kota Bandar Lampung dari bulan November - Desember tahun 2019. Responden adalah buruh pengrajin batu bata yang ditentukan secara purposive berjumlah 15 Orang. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisa deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan buruh pengrajin batu berusia produktif (100%),  sebagian besar (67%) memiliki tingkat pendidikan yang rendah. Pendapatan bersih rata-rata sebesar Rp 3.320.000,- − Rp 3.433.000,-  per bulan dengan pendapatan per kapita per bulan sebesar 1.106.000,- −Rp 1.147.000,- dan belum memenuhi standar UMR Kota Bandar Lampung sebesar Rp 2.445.141,- .Keluarga pengrajin batu bata masih belum mendapatkan fasilitas tempat tinggal yang baik berupa tempat tinggal belum layak, fasilitas jalan ke tempat tinggal buruk, dan sumber air yang susah diperoleh. Fasilitas kesehatan yang digunakan berobat adalah puskesmas, keluarga buruh pengrajin batu bata  tidak memiliki jaminan kesehatan.
Penyesuaian Diri Anak Asuh di Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Anak (LKSA)
Authors: Alkayyis M. Youri , Yuliani Dwi , Windriyati Windriyati
Published: July 2021

Penyesuaian diri merujuk pada kesesuaian perilaku individu, agar terjalin hubungan yang harmonis antara dirinya dengan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran secara empiris tentang: 1) karakteristik anak asuh, 2) penyesuaian diri anak asuh terhadap lingkungan alamiah, 3) penyesuaian diri anak asuh terhadap lingkungan sosial, 4) penyesuaian diri diri anak asuh terhadap diri sendiri, dan 5) penyesuaian diri anak asuh terhadap ketegangan, konflik dan frustasi yang dialaminya di Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Anak (LKSA). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis data sekunder. Jumlah responden sebanyak 417 anak asuh yang terdiri dari usia 6-21 tahun di enam lokasi berikut: 1) Panti Sosial Bina Remaja Taruna Jaya di Jakarta Selatan, 2) Pondok Remaja Inabah XVII Puteri Pesantren Suryalaya di Ciamis, 3) Panti Sosial Asuhan Anak (PSAA) Putra Utama 5 di Jakarta Timur, 4) Panti Asuhan Yatim Piatu Muhammadiyah di Klaten, 5) Panti Sosial Marsudi Putra Antasena di Magelang, dan 6) Panti Asuhan Baiturahmah di Kampar, Riau. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah analisis data sekunder. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi dan kategorisasi data, mengorganisasikan data, serta interpretasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyesuaian diri anak asuh terhadap lingkungan alamiah menunjukan kategori tinggi, penyesuaian diri terhadap lingkungan sosial menunjukan kategori rendah karena masih banyak anak asuh yang tidak memiliki hubungan baik dengan anak asuh lainnya, pembina dan pegawai/staf, penyesuaian diri terhadap diri sendiri menunjukan kategori rendah karena anak asuh sulit untuk mengontrol emosi dan tidak dapat fokus dalam mengikuti kegiatan di Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Anak (LKSA), penyesuaian diri terhadap ketegangan, konflik dan frustasi yang dialaminya menunjukan kategori sedang.
A new species of Diradops Townes from Mexico (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Banchinae), a parasitoid of Hyphantria cunea (Drury) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae), with notes on Diradops mexicanus (Cresson)
Authors: Kasparyan D.R. , Pinson D.O.
Published: July 2021

A new ichneumonid species, Diradops hyphantriae sp. n., is described. The new species is very common in Mexico and perhaps this species was considered erroneously as D. mexicanus (Cresson) in the recent revision of Banchinae of Costa Rica (Ugalde & Gauld, 2002). The senior author examined the types of all described Mexican and Nearctic species of the genus. Morphological differences between D. hyphantriae and D. mexicanus (the type) are discussed and illustrated. One specimen of the new species was reared from web nests of Hyphantria cunea collected on pecan (Carya illinoiensis).
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the forecasting system for special cases in flight based on the analysis of diagnostic data of the aircraft technological equipment
Authors:   Flight Academy of the National Aviation University, Padalka I. O. , Parkhomenko D. O. ,   Kharkiv National Air Force University, Shchenyakín O. V. ,   Research Center for Missile Troops and Artillery
Published: July 2021

The paper proposes an approach to assessing the effectiveness of the forecasting system for special cases in flight based on the analysis of diagnostic data of the aircraft technological equipment. Prediction of special cases in flight is the main task of parametric diagnostics of aircraft technological equipment. To solve this problem, on-board automated monitoring, diagnostics and control of onboard equipment, unloading and information support of the crew make it possible to measure a large number of parameters of the aircraft technological equipment and obtain arrays of such information in digital form. It is proposed to process the received information using the method of predicting special cases in flight based on the identification of abnormal sequences in the diagnostic data of the aircraft technological equipment. To identify anomalous sequences, it is proposed to use a hybrid stochastic model based on the combination of Markov and production models that use temporal rules to refine the transition probabilities between process states. Due to the inclusion of refining production rules in the model, the probability of describing random processes that are not Markovian increases, and it also becomes possible to integrate a priori expert knowledge into the model, which is very important for predicting special cases in flight. It is proposed to evaluate the effectiveness of the forecasting system by two criteria: the efficiency and reliability of the decisions made by the aircraft crew. In the robot, a simulation was carried out on the simulator of a winding ship A-320 for evaluating the situation as well as taking decisions from the negative inheritance of particular types of problems in the country.
Development of an advanced algorithm for sensitivity control of the service area of the IEEE 802.11ах Standards
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Lemeshko A. V. , Makarenko А. О. , Rudenko N. V. , Tkachenko O. M. , Savchuk S. V.
Published: July 2021

The article examines the technical features of the new 802.11ax standard, which for convenience has been assigned the abbreviation Wi-Fi 6. These include: support for 2.4 and 5 GHz bands; OFDMA support; joint work of MU-MIMO and OFDMA; Target Wake Time function. OFDM technology divides data channels into multiple subcarriers, providing higher connection and network reliability. In 802.11ax, the number of subcarriers quadruples due to the long OFDM guard interval. This will help increase the network coverage, and, accordingly, the speed of Wi-Fi 6 by 11%. With channel widths up to 160 MHz, 802.11ax provides incredible connection speeds. Thus, 802.11ax increases performance by simultaneously transmitting up to 8 data streams to multiple clients simultaneously. In addition, Wi-Fi 6 supports the MU-MIMO option for the output channel, when one antenna transmits data to one subscriber. A study of the effectiveness of the IEEE 802.11ax standard, that is, BSS Color, and the effect of the service area overlap threshold in various cases was carried out. An improved algorithm for controlling the sensitivity of setting the threshold for overlapping service areas both at access points and at mobile stations is proposed, which does not require significant changes at the MAC level. An advanced sensitivity control algorithm adjusts coverage overlap based on the observed interference level and the received signal strength from the respective receiver. The improved sensitivity control algorithm was compared to dynamic sensitivity control, an algorithm that was first proposed to clean up the channel and was also used in Wi-Fi 6 to adjust the coverage threshold overlap. The improved sensitivity control algorithm has been shown to outperform the aforementioned schemes (up to 47% in terms of increased throughput) in most simulated cases, while maintaining fairness among users. On the other hand, the improved sensitivity control algorithm increases the transmission capabilities of mobile stations (roughly the same probability for all users in the service area), which also leads to a higher level of contention. However, user contention can be controlled by other means specially designed to deal with it, such as channel flush threshold and contention window size.
Analysis of the efficiency of using neural networks on the example of a multilayer perceptron and a Kohonen network
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Syrotenko I. S. , Shcherbyna I. S. , Storchak K. P. , Tushych A. M. , Fokin V. I.
Published: July 2021

The article considers an artificial neural network — a multilayer perceptron, as well as the Kohonen network, as tools for visual image recognition. The work is devoted to the analysis of the main functional tasks that can be solved by our chosen neural networks, with maximum efficiency and expediency. We will also consider these neural networks as tools for primary analysis of visual images for further use both for scientific purposes and for their substantive implementation in business areas where neural networks are most applicable and will bring maximum effect to ordinary users. One of the most common algorithms for learning multilayer neural networks is the error backpropagation algorithm. This algorithm calculates the gradient surface gradient vector. Then we move by some value in the direction of the vector (it will show us the direction of the fastest descent), where the error value will be less. This consistent progress will gradually minimize the error. Here there are difficulties with definition of size on which it is necessary to advance. If the size of the step is relatively large, it will lead to the fastest descent, but there is a chance to "jump" the desired point or go in the wrong direction, if the surface has a fairly complex shape. For example, if the surface is a narrow ravine with steep slopes, the algorithm will move very slowly, jumping from one slope to another. If the step size is small, it will lead to finding the most optimal direction, but can significantly increase the number of iterations. To achieve the most optimal result, the step size is taken in proportion to the steepness of the slope with some constant - the speed of learning. The choice of this constant is made experimentally and depends on the conditions of a particular problem. Having conducted the work, it should be noted that the multilayer perceptron is successfully used to solve various problems, in particular as effectively as possible for the problem of pattern recognition.
Modeling of the Markiv random field for the purpose of its further optimization and application
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Zhebka V. V.
Published: July 2021

Models of the Markov random field are investigated. The main improvements of the Markov random field model are investigated. If we consider Markov models of random fields with binary conditional distributions, which include stochastic evolution in time, which is based on the autoregression structure for a large-scale model, these models retain the flexibility of static Markov random field models to reproduce the representation of spatial dependence in a small-scale model. Bayesian estimation in this case is achieved through the use of a so-called algorithm that requires the generation of auxiliary random fields, but does not require the use of ideal samples. Markov random fields are a powerful tool in machine learning. It is often necessary to model such fields between dissimilar objects, which leads to the fact that the nodes in the graph belong to different types of data. To model inhomogeneous areas using graphical models, it is necessary to assign different types of distributions (binary, Gaussian, Poisson, exponent, exponential, etc.) to the model nodes. The concept of conditional random fields is considered in the article, their features, advantages and disadvantages are established. The application of binary data in Markov models of random fields is considered, which generates a class of models of binary Markov random fields. It is established that the discrete nature of Markov random fields allows a wider range of possible values of dependence, ie negative dependence. The model, loss function and distribution of the Markov random field function are investigated. Strengthening of Markov random fields is proposed. The pairwise exponential Markov random field is considered.
Algorithms for selecting the outlines of objects images in intellectual video surveillance systems
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Kriuchkova L. P. , Strelnikov V. I. , Akulinicheva M. V. , Bortnyk O. S. , Dibrivnyi O. A.
Published: July 2021

Intensive development of means of receiving and transmitting digital images creates the problem of processing huge amounts of video information flows. There is a wide range of tasks in which images are considered as a source of information on the basis of which it is necessary to make a decision. Important tasks to be solved by intelligent video surveillance systems are: identification of objects and determination of their trajectories; measuring the speed of objects; detection of alarming events in the tasks of object-territorial protection in real time. One of the main operations in intelligent video surveillance systems in image processing for further analysis is the selection of contours of images of objects, because the contour contains all the necessary information to recognize objects by their shape. This approach allows you to not consider the internal points of the image and, thus, significantly reduce the amount of information processed. This makes it possible to analyze images in real time. Contour analysis is a set of methods for selecting, describing and processing image contours that allows you to describe, store, compare and search for objects presented in the form of their external contours, as well as effectively solve the main problems of pattern recognition — transfer, rotate and zoom image of the object. In this case, the contour means a space-length gap, difference or abrupt change in brightness values. The purpose of the publication is to consider the algorithms for selecting the contours of images of objects in the problems of detecting alarming events by intelligent video surveillance systems. The problem of selection of contours of images of objects in problems of detection of disturbing events by intelligent systems of video surveillance is considered. In order to improve the basic characteristics of intelligent video surveillance systems, algorithms for contouring images of objects are proposed to ensure the detection of four types of alarming events: the appearance and presence of the object in the surveillance zone, moving the object in the forbidden direction, leaving the object and overturning the object.
Investigation of efficiency of application of machine learning algorithm for classification of internet traffic
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Kozyryatsʹkyy A. P. , Zhebka V. V. , Dʹomina L. O. , Tarasenko D. O.
Published: July 2021

The article investigates the effectiveness of the machine learning algorithm for the classification of Internet traffic. The RF algorithm, which works by constructing many decision trees, is considered. The efficiency of the RF algorithm in the problems of application classification in the presence and absence of background network traffic is evaluated. A laboratory network of several computers was set up to collect the data needed for analysis. One of the computers was connected to the World Wide Web and a wireless access point was set up on its base. On the same computer, all the traffic passing through it was captured using Wireshark. Various applications were running on other computers connected to the access point. Web pages were viewed using Google Chrome and Opera browsers, using Skype, video calls were made, files were downloaded using the µTorrent torrent client, the Steam digital game distribution service was used, etc. The obtained data were stored in the PCAP format. To bring the obtained data in line with the requirements of the problem, the data was pre-processed. In the experiment, a random forest was constructed and the quality of classification on a given sample was assessed. The most acceptable parameters of the algorithm were selected experimentally. It is experimentally chosen that the forest consists of 5 trees with the maximum possible depth. The algorithm is most effective for data related to DNS traffic. In addition to checking the operation of the algorithm on the test sample, which has the same class composition as the training, the assessment of its quality was also carried out in the presence of background traffic, i.e. in the test sample there were copies of classes absent in the training sample.
Research of long radius technology for implementation of solutions of the Іnternet of things
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Zhezhkun S. A. , Veksler L. B. , Brezitsʹkyy S. M. , Tarasyuk B. O.
Published: July 2021

This article focuses on the analysis of promising technologies for long-range traffic transmission for the implementation of the Internet of Things. The result of the review of technical features of technologies, their advantages and disadvantages is given. A comparative analysis was performed. An analysis is made that in the future heterogeneous structures based on the integration of many used radio technologies will play a crucial role in the implementation of fifth generation networks and systems. The Internet of Things (IoT) is heavily affecting our daily lives in many domains, ranging from tiny wearable devices to large industrial systems. Consequently, a wide variety of IoT applications have been developed and deployed using different IoT frameworks. An IoT framework is a set of guiding rules, protocols, and standards which simplify the implementation of IoT applications. The success of these applications mainly depends on the ecosystem characteristics of the IoT framework, with the emphasis on the security mechanisms employed in it, where issues related to security and privacy are pivotal. In this paper, we survey the security of the main IoT frameworks, a total of 8 frameworks are considered. For each framework, we clarify the proposed architecture, the essentials of developing third-party smart apps, the compatible hardware, and the security features. Comparing security architectures shows that the same standards used for securing communications, whereas different methodologies followed for providing other security properties.
Glagoli odašiljanja zvuka u hrvatskome jeziku
Authors: Brač Ivana , Matijević Maja
Published: July 2021

U radu se analiziraju glagoli odašiljanja zvuka na sintaktičkoj, semantičkoj i leksikografskoj razini. Ti se glagoli određuju kao glagoli koji izražavaju događaj u kojemu tko ili što proizvodi kakav zvuk, a razlikuju se prema tome tko ili što ga odašilje, kakav je zvuk, gdje i kako nastaje i sl. Popis od 219 glagola, prilagođen prema Mikelić Preradović (2014) i Levin (1993), analiziran je u četirima hrvatskim jednojezičnim rječnicima te su u definiranju uočene razlike među njima, ali i nesustavnosti unutar jednoga rječnika. S pomoću mrežnih korpusa (hrWaC, Hrvatska jezična riznica) analizirani su glagoli te njihove kolokacije i primjeri koji upućuju na to da glagoli koji primarno pripadaju skupini odašiljanja zvuka mogu imati i druga značenja te postati npr. glagoli načina govorenja ili kretanja, čime se mijenja i valencijski obrazac. Cilj je rada s pomoću temeljite semantičke i sintaktičke analize upotpuniti leksikografsku obradu glagola odašiljanja zvuka u jednojezičnome rječniku.
Is There Change on the B-Theory of Time?
Authors: Banfi Luca
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this paper is to explore the connection between change and the B-theory of time, sometimes also called the Scientific view of time, according to which reality is a four-dimensional spacetime manifold, where past, present and future things equally exist, and the present time and non-present times are metaphysically the same. I argue in favour of a novel response to the much-vexed question of whether there is change on the B-theory or not. In fact, B-theorists are often said to hold a ‘static’ view of time. But this far from being innocent label: if the B-theory of time presents a model of temporal reality that is static, then there is no change on the B-theory. From this, one can reasonably think as follows: of course, there is change, so the B-theory must be false. What I plan to do in this paper is to argue that in some sense there is change on the B-theory, but in some other sense, there is no change on the B-theory. To do so, I present three instances of change: Existential Change, namely the view that things change with respect to their existence over time; Qualitative Change, the view that things change with respect to how they are over time; Propositional Change, namely the view that things (i.e. propositions) change with respect to truth value over time. I argue that while there is a reading of these three instances of change that is true on the B-theory, and so there is change on the B-theory in this sense, there is a B-theoretical reading of each of them that is not true on the B-theory, and therefore there is no change on the B-theory in this other sense.
RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL VERTICAL ENVIRONMENTAL STRUCTURES ON THE SPREAD OF FIRE ON THE SURFACE OF WALLS
Authors: Yakovchuk R.
Published: July 2021

Purpose. Using FDS modelling to investigate the influence of external vertical enclosing structures on the spread of fire on the surface of external wall structures with facade insulation with combustible insulation.Methods. Using the software package Pyrosim performed тumerical modelling of the dynamics of development and spread of fire on the surface of the thermal insulation and finishing system, which serves as a user shell for the program Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). To visualize the results of calculations, the software module of the PyroSim Smoke view system was used, which allows building appropriate graphical representations of temperature distributions. This system also allows you to monitor the dynamics of temperature fields and reproduce the heating process with animation.Results. With the help of computer modelling of fire test parameters of facade insulation system for fire propagation in FDS environment, numerical and graphical indicators were obtained by computer simulation of the fire test parameters of the facade insulation system for fire propagation in the FDS environment. They characterize the process of occurrence, spread and development of fire by the surface of the facade insulation system. Also, we established the influence of external vertical enclosing designs on a fire surface of outside walls with a warming of a facade by a combustible heater. The obtained results of numerical modelling of the parameters of the fire test of the facade insulation system for the propagation of fire in the FDS environment indicate that the overall standard deviation in the theoretical data was higher than the results of experimental stud-ies. Thus, the presence in the structure of a fragment of the building vertical wall (inner corners of the building) creates a “shielding effect”, i.e. the flame emanating from the window is reflected and the temperature on the surface of external walls with facade insulation rises significantly. Thus, for thermocouples T15-T17 the temperature rises by 140-220 °C; for thermo-couples T19-T21 – by 180-350 °C; for thermocouples T27-T29 – by 110-190 °C, respectively.In addition, the presence of external vertical enclosing structures on the facade of the building contributes to the increase in temperature and inside the structures of external walls with facade insulation, as evidenced by the readings of thermocouples T33 and T35 – an increase of 50-100 °C; thermocouples T36 and T38 – increase by 50-180 °C.Practical value. The results of numerical simulations obtained by the author are aimed at the use of design organizations in the installation of fire belts using noncombustible mineral wool boards in the inner corners of the building as insulation in the presence of window and balcony openings to prevent fire from spreading on facade systems in residential buildings.
Implementation Of E-Commerce At King Profile Store, Indragiri Hilir Regency
Authors: Yunita Fitri , Yuli Prasetyo Dwi , Jusatria Jusatria
Published: July 2021

Raja Profile is a shop that provides various types of furniture or light wood, reliefs, mild steel, decorative decorations, wallpapers. In running this home decoration business, Raja Profil store has not utilized e-commerce system technology to support the marketing process. Raja Profil still sells directly in the store every day. Therefore, it is often a problem for buyers who are far away to go directly to the Raja Profil shop. The purpose of this service is to implement an e-commerce website that we have built at the Raja Profil store which functions to promote and sell interior tools in the Raja Profil store. The method used in making the e-commerce system is the waterfall method. The result of using e-commerce at the Raja Profil store is to provide broader services to customers and provide convenience and accuracy for managers and owners in doing marketing, and calculating sales.
Investigating the Efficacy of Theta Binaural Beat on the Absolute Power of Theta Activity in Primary Insomniacs
Authors:   Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran., Bavafa Amir , Foroughi Aliakbar ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran., Jaberghaderi Nasrin ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran., Khazaei Habibolah ,   Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The brain waves pattern in primary insomniacs is different from healthy subjects. Studies have shown that binaural beats can alter the pattern of brain waves in healthy individuals; however, the efficacy of binaural beats in altering the pattern of brain waves in primary insomniacs has not yet been investigated. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of theta binaural beat on the absolute power of theta activity in primary insomniacs. Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial with experimental and control groups. The primary insomniacs received theta binaural beats in the experimental group while the control group received white noise. Their brain waves were recorded by electroencephalogram for 25 min; the first 5 min was without stimulus (first block), the next was followed by 15 min of receiving stimulus (binaural beat or white noise), and the last 5 min without stimulus (fifth block). The Matlab software, version R2019a, EEGLAB toolbox, and SPSS software, version 24 were used to analyze the data. Results: The absolute power of theta activity in the experimental group was significantly higher in the last block compared to the first block in all brain lobes (P<0.05). The largest changes in theta activity were in the temporal and parietal lobes, and the last one was in the prefrontal lobe. In the control group, none of the brain lobes showed significant differences in the last block compared to the first block. Conclusion: Theta binaural beat can alter the absolute power of theta activity in primary insomniacs. The implications of the study are discussed.
Effectiveness of Acceptance Commitment Therapy in Social Anxiety Disorder: Application of a Longitudinal Method to Evaluate the Mediating Role of Acceptance, Cognitive Fusion, and Values
Authors:   Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Soltani Esmail , Bahrainian Seyed Abdolmajid ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Farhoudian Ali ,   Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Masjedi Arani Abbas ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Gachkar Latif ,   Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on symptom severity, fear of negative evaluation, quality of life (QoL), and the mediating role of acceptance, cognitive fusion, and value among patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD). Methods: Thirty patients diagnosed with SAD were randomized in the intervention (n=15) or waiting list groups (n=15). The social phobia and Anxiety inventory (SPAI), brief fear of negative evaluation scale (BFNE), World Health Organization quality of life (WHOQoL) scale, social anxiety-acceptance and action questionnaire (SA-AAQ), cognitive fusion questionnaire (CFQ), and valued living questionnaire (VLQ) were administered before, immediately after, and at a one-month follow-up. Repeated measurement design was used in the intervention group to investigate the changes of mediation and outcomes variables in the pre-test, during treatment, and post-test. Twenty-four patients completed the study. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), and repeated measurements. Results: There were significant differences between the intervention and waiting list groups in the severity of symptoms (P=0.001), fear of negative evaluation (P=0.002), and QoL (P=0.03), as well as in terms of specific measures of SA-AAQ (P=0.001), cognitive fusion (P=0.001), an important section of VLQ (P=0.001). Repeated measurement results showed that acceptance and action of social anxiety and cognitive fusion had a mediating role in the severity of social anxiety, fear of negative evaluation, and QoL. Conclusion: The results indicated the effectiveness of ACT for SAD and highlighted the mediator role of social anxiety, acceptance and action, and cognitive fusion in the severity of SAD.
In Vitro Assessment of the Gene Expression of EZH-2 and P300 During Motor Neuron Differentiation of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors:   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Motaghed Marjaneh , Sanooghi Davood ,   Department of Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran., Bagher Zohreh ,   ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, Five Senses Institute, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Faghihi Faezeh ,   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Lotfi Abolfazl ,   Damavand Agricultural College, Technical and Vocational University, Tehran, Iran., Shahbazi Ali ,   Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Taghi Jogataei Mohammad ,   Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Maintenance of neurogenesis depends on the function of some histone-modifying enzymes; including Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and histone acetyltransferases (P300). The mechanism of epigenetic regulation and gene expression underlying the transition of human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) into MNs has not been fully clarified. Methods: Two morphogens; sonic hedgehog (Shh: 100 ng/mL) and retinoic acid (RA: 0.01 mM) were involved in the specification of hUCB-MSCs into MNs after MSC characterization using Flow cytometry. Real time-quantitative PCR and immunocytochemistry were performed to find the expression of the genes at the level of mRNA and protein. Results: The expression of MN-related markers was confirmed at the level of mRNA and protein by induction of differentiation. The results were confirmed by immunocytochemistry and showed those mean cell percentages of 55.33%±15.885% and 49.67%±13.796% could express Islet-1 and ChAT, respectively. The gene expression level of Islet-1 and ChAT was significantly increased in the first and second week of exposure, respectively. After two weeks, the expression level of P300 and EZH-2 genes increased remarkably. No significant expression of Mnx-1 was detected when compared to the control sample. Conclusion: MN-related markers, Islet-1 and ChAT, were detected in differentiated cells of hUCB-MSCs, supporting the potency of cord blood cells in the regeneration of MN-related disorders. Assessing these epigenetic regulatory genes at the protein level can be suggested to confirm their functional epigenetic modifying effects during motor neuron differentiation.
Therapeutic Impacts of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy and Risperidone on Children with Autism: A Clinical Trial
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, Egypt., Mohamed Asmaa S , Ahmad Hosam M ,   Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Chemistry, Egypt Ministry of Health and Population, Minia, Egypt., Abdelrahman Ahmed A ,   Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt., Aly Usama F ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt., Khaled Khaled A ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: In this research, we investigated any possible effect of receiving hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) or risperidone on the core symptoms of autism in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: This study was a randomized, controlled clinical trial in Minia and Assiut University hospitals in Egypt with three parallel groups. One hundred and eighty children with autism, aged 5–8 years were divided into three equal groups (n=60). Group 1 (G1) received 40 sessions of HBOT within two months, group 2 (G2) received risperidone (dose: 0.25 mg per day in children weighing less than 20 kg and 0.5 mg per day in cases weighing more) for six months, and group 3 (G3) as the control group, received a placebo for six months. The assessment was done using childhood autism rating scale (CARS) and autism treatment evaluation checklist (ATEC) at the beginning of the study (baseline) and after one year. Results: The mean total CARS and ATEC scores significantly decreased (improved) by varying degrees in the three groups after a year of follow-up compared to the baseline scores, but the best results were found in G1, G2, and G3, respectively. Conclusion: Using HBOT or risperidone is effective in treating the core symptoms of autism in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, but using HBOT gives better results than risperidone therapy.
The Effect of Modeling Methods on Mirror Neuron Activity and a Motor Skill Acquisition and Retention
Authors:   Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Science in Sport, Faculty of Sport Science and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran., Ashraf Ramin , Abdoli Behrouz ,   Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Science in Sport, Faculty of Sport Science and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran., Khosrowabadi Reza ,   Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran., Farsi Alireza ,   Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Science in Sport, Faculty of Sport Science and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran., Pineda Jaime A ,   Department of Cognitive Science and Neuroscience, University of California, La Jolla, United States of America.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Mirror neurons have been suggested as a potential neural mechanism of observational learning. This study aims to investigate the effect of self-modeling, skilled model, and learning model on mu rhythm suppression and golf putting acquisition and retention. Methods: The study was conducted on 45 male volunteer students (aged 19.4±0.37 years) in three experimental groups, self-modeling, skilled, and learning models with six sessions of physical and observational training in three periods of pre-test, acquisition, and retention. In the pre-test, after the initial familiarity with the skill, participants performed 10 golf putting actions while scores were recorded. Then, electrical brain waves in C3, C4, and Cz regions were recorded during the observation of 10 golf putting actions by their group-related models. The acquisition period consisted of golf putting training during six sessions, each consisting of six blocks of 10 trials. Before each training block, participants observed golf putting related to their group 10 times in the form of a video. Acquisition and delayed retention tests were also performed by recording scores of 10 golf putting actions, as well as recording electrical brain waves while observing the skill performed by the related model. Results: Mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the mu rhythm suppression in the pre-test was more in the self-modeling group compared to the skilled model and learning model groups, but this suppression was not significantly different in all three groups in the acquisition and retention tests. In putting task variables, all three groups that had no significant difference in the pre-test period made considerable progress in learning the desired skill from the pre-test to the acquisition test, and this progress was somewhat stable until the retention test. Also, both in the acquisition and retention periods, the self-modeling group showed better performance than the other two groups; however, no significant difference was observed between these groups. Conclusion: These results suggest that the model-observer similarity is a crucial factor in modeling interventions and can affect the rate of mu rhythm suppression.
Sociodemographic Determinants of Marital Satisfaction Among an Iranian Population
Authors:   Department of Counseling & Guidance, Faculty of Education & Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran., Bahrami Farahnaz , Kharazmi Akram ,   Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran., Rezaeian Shahab ,   Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran., Alami Ali ,   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran., Armanmehr Vajihe ,   Department of Counseling & Guidance, Faculty of Education & Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Published: July 2021

Background: There is a lack of Iranian studies on marital satisfaction, which is one of the important factors in the stability of marriage. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of sociodemographic variables on marital satisfaction. Methods: This analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted on 770 married people from Gonabad City, Northeast of Iran. The simple random sampling method was used. Also, the ENRICH marital satisfaction scale was used to measure marital satisfaction as a dependent variable. A cut-off score of 100 was considered for the scale, with higher scores indicating satisfaction. Moreover, the logistic regression model was used to examine the effects of the variables on marital satisfaction. Results: The Mean±SD age of the participants was 39.2±10.6 years. Most of the participants (75%) were categorized as satisfied, with a Mean±SD score of 113.9±26.8. Besides, both univariate and multiple regression analyses showed a strong significant relationship between economic status and marital satisfaction, ie, a better economic status increased the odds of marital satisfaction. After controlling other investigated variables, the logistic regression model showed that men are about two times more likely than women to be satisfied with their marriage (adjusted odds ratio=1.82). Conclusion: The present findings showed that family income and gender positively influence marital satisfaction. Accordingly, marital satisfaction and family solidarity could be enhanced by the provision of legal and social rules to ensure the equal right of men and women, as well as attempts to improve the economic status of the families.
Knee Muscle Activity During Jump Landing Tasks Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Review Study
Authors:   Department of Corrective Exercises and Sport Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran., Taghizadeh Kerman Maedeh , Yalfani Ali ,   Department of Corrective Exercises and Sport Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran., Ebrahimi Atri Ahmad ,   Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran., Mousavi Seyyed Hamed ,   Department of Health and Sport Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Iran.
Published: July 2021

Background: Changes in knee muscle activity remain years after Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) surgery. However, the literature on the successful or unsuccessful recovery of lower limb muscle activation during jump landing is controversial. Objectives: The present review intended to compare the surface Electromyography (EMG) of knee muscle activity in healthy and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR) groups in jump landing tasks. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched papers from 1990 to 2020 using the keywords “anterior cruciate ligament or ACL, EMG or Electromyography or Muscle activation, Landing or Jumping or Hopping”. After screening the titles, abstracts, and full text of the collected articles, 7 studies met the inclusion criteria of this review. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program tool was used for the quality assessment of the included papers. Results: The present research results suggested earlier onset muscle activity for quadriceps and hamstring in ACLR subjects, compared to healthy subjects. Furthermore, the ratio of activation of quadriceps/hamstring in the ACLR group was higher than that in the healthy individuals considering the type of rehabilitation, the time elapsed from surgery, and gender. The methodological quality of the observational studies ranged from 6 to 8 out of 12 that reflects the overall quality of the methodology. Conclusion: According to this review, we can conclude that the ACLR group exhibited different neuromuscular strategies in the pre-landing phase that might increase the recurrent risk of ACL injury.
Rekonseptualisasi Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana Narkotika dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak
Authors: Rachmawati Laila Dyah
Published: July 2021

Anak mempunyai peranan yang penting di dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat dan bernegara, karena kedudukannya sebagai penerus bangsa. Oleh karena itu, anak mempunyai potensi untuk berperan aktif menjaga kelestarian kehidupan bangsa, guna mewujudkan tujuan pembentukan suatu pemerintah yang melindungi warga negara. Penyalahgunaan narkotika oleh anak saat ini menjadi perhatian banyak orang dan terus menerus dibicarakan dan dipublikasikan. Bahkan, masalah penyalahgunaan narkotika menjadi perhatian berbagai kalangan, apalagi adanya keterlibatan anak sebagai pengguna bahkan kurir narkotika yang merupakan rangkaian permufakatan jahat dalam menjalankan peredaran narkotika secara illegal. Dalam kapasitas anak yang dijadikan kurir merupakan satu hal yang begitu memprihatinkan dimana anak tersebut akan berhadapan dengan hukum, dan tergolong telah melakukan tindak pidana narkotika. Begitu juga ketika anak menggunakan barang haram itu sendiri pasti akan terjerat hokum pidana. Dengan keterbatasan kemampuan anak dan ketidaksesempurnaannya, maka perlu menjadi perhatian aparat penegak hukum dalam penerapan pemidanaan bagi anak pelaku tindak pidana narkotika tersebut. Hal ini menjadi problematika hukum jika perbuatan yaang dilakukan itu adalah extra ordinary crime tindak pidana narkotika dan disatu sisinya pelakunya adalah seorang anak dimana terdapat beberapa kekhususan yang melekat pada dirinya. Tindak pidana Narkotika diatur dengan UU No. 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika dengan ancaman Pidana yang berat sementara Peradilan Anak di atur dalam UU No 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Pidana Peradilan Anak dengan segala mekanismenya yang berbeda dengan orang dewasa.
Production and Characterization of N-Halamine Based Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Nanowebs
Authors: ÇOBANOĞLU Batuhan , PARIN Fatma Nur , YILDIRIM Kenan
Published: July 2021

Antibakteriyel ajan N-halamin, 7,7,9,9-tetrametil-1,3,8-triazaspiro [4.5]-Dekan-2,4-Dion (TTDD) sentezlenmiştir ve Polivinil klorür (PVC) nanoweb üretiminde kullanılmıştır. Sürekli ve düzenli yapıdaki nanowebleri üretmek için nispetern kolay ve elverişli bir yöntem olan elektroçekim kullanılmıştır. Toksik ve tahriş edici olmayan, yenilenebilir ve yüksek stabiliteye sahip PVC'ye N-halaminlerin eklenmesi tercih edilmiştir. Üretilen web yapılara klorlama işlemi, seyreltik hipoklorit çözeltisi kullanılarak uygulanmıştır. Nanoweblerin antibakteriyal aktiviteleri farklı hipoklorit konsantrasyonuna ve zamana göre aynı pH değerinde değerlendirilmiştir. Weblerdeki Morfolojik ve ısıl değişimler FTIR, TGA ve SEM ile karakterize edilmiştir. Taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), weblerin ortalama çapının N-halamin konsantrasyonu ile azaldığını göstermiştir. Klorlanmış yapıdaki tüm nanowebler hem Staphylococcus aureus hem de Escherichia coli'ye karşı üstün inaktivasyon ile oldukça etkili antibakteriyel aktiviteler göstermiştir. Nanoweblerin antibakteriyel etkinliğinin yeniden klorlama işlemi ile geliştiği gözlenmiştir.