bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroticism and Sense of Coherence
Authors: Gibson Linda M. , Cook M. J.
Published: August 2011

The relationship of scores on sense of coherence with measures of personality traits was assessed using the 29-item Orientation to Life Questionnaire and the Eysenck Personality Inventory. In one group of 95 mixed-sex students scores on Neuroticism bore a highly negative relationship with scores on sense of coherence. Findings support the current literature that health questionnaires may indirectly measure Neuroticism and that personality variables play an important role in general health.
Machiavellianism and Perceived Managerial Job Environment Dimensions
Authors: Hollon Charles J.
Published: August 2011

Data from 65 managers substantiate the contention that Machiavellianism for managers is significantly related to perceived managerial job environment dimensions.
Reflections on Interorganizational Power, Dependence, and Satisfaction
Authors: Gaski John F.
Published: August 2011

This note attempts to contribute to the proper positioning of the 1995 article by Zemanek and McIntyre. After attending to matters of fundamental disciplinary and theoretical context, some methodological issues are raised, along with attempted resolution.
Rehearsal of Positive Self-Statements and Restructured Negative Self-Statements to Increase Self-Esteem and Decrease Depression
Authors: Philpot Vincent D. , Bamburg Jay W.
Published: August 2011

Rehearsal of self-statements was used to modify scores on self-esteem and depression of 60 undergraduates low in self-esteem. Subjects in the rehearsal group were instructed to read 15 self-statements to themselves three times a day for two weeks. These self-statements were derived from a combination of the most frequently occurring negative thoughts and least frequently occurring positive thoughts given by the subject on the Automatic Thought Questionnaire-Revised. Negative thoughts endorsed by subjects on the questionnaire were restructured into more adaptive self-statements, and endorsed positive thoughts were modified into self-statements which accentuated the positive aspect of the thought. This procedure significantly increased scores on self-esteem and decreased depression scores. The questionnaire was effective in identifying positive and negative self-statements which were significantly related to scores on self-esteem and depression after 2 weeks.
Structure of the Jackson Personality Inventory from the Perspective of the Five-Factor Model
Authors: Detwiler Fred R. J. , Ramanaiah Nerella V.
Published: August 2011

The generality and comprehensiveness of the five-factor model was tested using the Jackson Personality Inventory. The Interpersonal Adjective Scales Revised-B5 and the NEO Five-Factor Inventory scales were used as markers for the five-factor model. 220 introductory psychology students (104 men and 116 women) voluntarily completed the three inventories for partial course credit. Combined factor analysis of the 25 scales from the three inventories yielded six major factors. Five of these factors were similar to the five major factors of personality, namely, Extraversion, Neuroticism, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, and the sixth factor was identified as Social Adroitness. These results supported the generality but not the comprehensiveness of the five-factor model.
Positive Attitudes towards Suntanning and Reported Tendency to Engage in Lifestyle Behaviors That Increase Risk of Skin Cancer
Authors: Hanley Jayne M. , Pierce Jessica L. , Gayton William F.
Published: August 2011

Significant correlations of .38 to .59 for positive attitudes toward suntanning and reports by 62 undergraduate women of engaging in behaviors that would place them at risk for skin cancer suggest educational programs designed to prevent skin cancer should focus on changing positive attitudes attached to the value of a suntan.
Gender Differences in Naming and Eponymy in Psychology
Authors: Roeckelein Jon E.
Published: August 2011

Four analyses were made to assess gender differences concerning naming in psychology (1) analysis of gender naming in pre-1975 textbooks, (2) analysis of gender naming in post-1975 textbooks, (3) analysis of gender naming by women authors versus men authors, and (4) analysis of gender in eponyms per se. Baseline data from gender of published authors via Psychological Abstracts indexes served as an adjustment factor for the post-1975 data when comparing frequency counts of men's names with women's names. In one analysis, female authors referenced more women on the average than did male authors. In all analyses, women were significantly under-referenced proportionately to men.
Preliminary Study of Health Value as a Moderator of the Link between Age and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Fahey Amy L. , Beck Amy D. , Pugh Robert M. , Buerger Judy L. , Chang Edward C.
Published: August 2011

In the present study of the influence of health value as a potential moderator of age and life satisfaction, 157 undergraduate students ( M = 20.8 yr.) completed a battery in which they provided demographic information and completed a number of different self-report measures, including the Satisfaction With Life Scale and the Health Value Scale. A 2 (younger vs older) × 2 (high vs low health value) analysis of variance with life satisfaction as the dependent variable showed a significant main effect for health value and a significant interaction between age and health value but no main effect for age. These findings support health value as a moderator of the relation between age and psychological well-being. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
A Regional Study of Fertility and Suicide Rates
Authors: Lester David
Published: August 2011

Fertility rates were not associated with suicide rates over the 48 contiguous states of America in 1980.
Effects of Intrafamilial Sexual Assault on Eating Behaviors
Authors: Baldo Tracy D. Bostwick , Wallace Scott D. , O'Halloran M. Sean
Published: August 2011

Recent research has linked sexual assaults with disordered eating behaviors. Whether the relationship of the perpetrator, intrafamilial or extrafamilial, affects the development of disturbed eating is not known. Using data from 390 university women, we found that women with histories of intrafamilial assaults were more likely to suffer a serious eating problem (17 of 36 subjects, 47%) than women who had no history of sexual assault (30 of 142 subjects, 21%) and women who only reported extrafamilial assaults (76 of 212 subjects, 36%).
Clients' and Therapists' Confidence and Attendance at Planned Individual Therapy Sessions
Authors: McGuff Russell , Gitlin David , Enderlin Mary
Published: August 2011

85 of 217 clients who reported retrospectively that their intake therapist seemed confident of being helpful also reported canceling and missing fewer follow-up sessions regardless of the length of treatment. Clients' reported confidence during the first session and clients' attendance at later sessions were also associated with three measures of satisfaction with individual therapy.
“Difficult Patients” as Family Physicians Perceive Them
Authors: Katz Roger C.
Published: August 2011

The physician-patient relationship is an important part of medical care. This study examined events that can jeopardize that relationship, i.e., patients' behaviors and attributes that physicians find frustrating. Data were collected from practicing family physicians ( N = 34) using a 32-item questionnaire developed by the author. Items were drawn from previous research on the behaviors of difficult patients and checked for relevance by two family physicians before the study began. Coefficient alpha was .92. Participants were predominantly male physicians who had been in practice for an average of 18 years. They were asked to indicate if they found specific patients' characteristics frustrating or annoying by using a 9-point scale with end-points of “not at all frustrating or annoying” (1) and “very frustrating or annoying” (9). The physicians rated half of the listed patients' attributes as at least moderately frustrating (mean rating >6). Over 80% of the physicians were frustrated by patients who expected a “cure,” brought up new symptoms at the last moment, appeared to be malingering, or refused to take responsibility for their health. They were least frustrated by disease-related conditions such as degenerative or chronic illnesses. The physicians' ratings were unrelated to their years of experience. Results are discussed in relation to changing disease patterns which have occurred in this country over the last half-century.
Encouraging Participation in Aftercare Group Therapy among Substance-Dependent Men
Authors: Lash Steven J. , Dillard Wendy
Published: August 2011

Increasing the length of participation in alcohol and drug treatment is associated with improved outcome. The present studies were designed to increase the number of individuals who participate in outpatient aftercare group therapy following completion of inpatient treatment. In Study 1, 22 participants who were assigned to attend a session of aftercare group during inpatient treatment were not more likely to participate in outpatient aftercare than those 19 who received a placebo treatment during inpatient treatment. In Study 2, 13 clients assigned a more intensive treatment, receiving aftercare orientation and signing a treatment contract, were compared with a group of 13 given placebo treatment; however, again there was no significant difference in outpatient participation in aftercare.
Research and Publication and Teaching in the Promotion of University Academic Staff
Authors: Mwamwenda Tuntufye S.
Published: August 2011

Research and publication and teaching are among the criteria used for considering academics for promotion at institutions of higher education. 300 faculty at the University of Transkei were asked to indicate which one of the two was more important for promotion. While some indicated that teaching was more important, others indicated that both should be considered, implying perhaps they were equally important. Such results are contrary to the common practice of highly valuing research and publication for purposes of promotion in many institutions of higher education.
New Findings on Social Desirability and Faking
Authors: Fernandez-Ballesteros R. , Zamarron M. D.
Published: August 2011

After the administration of several social desirability and faking tests to 254 subjects under different conditions, factor analysis yielded two independent dimensions of social desirability and faking Also, demand characteristics influenced both dimensions. Finally, the role of keywords on lying scores was tested, when lie items were underlined, significant differences on lying scores were found.
Relation of Reports of Sexual Abuse to Scores on Self-Defeating Personality Scale
Authors: Viviano Tamara F. , Schill Thomas
Published: August 2011

One of the suggested antecedents of a pattern of self-defeating behavior has been the experience of sexual abuse. In this study 146 male and 129 female college students self-reported whether they had experienced sexual abuse using Russell's (1983) Sexual Abuse Interview Schedule. Thirty-nine men and 73 women self-reported in the affirmative. For both men and women, the abused groups had significantly higher scores on Schill's 1990 Self-defeating Personality Scale. Results were related to other research, e.g., Kisler and Schill's 1995 work which showed scores on the Self-defeating scale were also correlated with scores on measures of bulimia and dissociative experiences.
Monotonous Social Environments and the Identification of Crime Suspects: A Comparison of Police Cadets and Civilian College Students
Authors: Park Kwang B. , Lee Hosuk , Lee Seungbok
Published: August 2011

This study compares the accuracy of eyewitness accounts provided by police cadets and civilians in Korea. Participants were 50 male cadets from a police college, and 100 male and 104 female civilian college students who watched a videotaped enactment of a robbery. The next day, they were asked to identify the perpetrator who was photographed in different angles and outfits together with 40 photographs of other individuals. Analyses within the framework of signal detection theory suggest that the major difference between the police and the civilian groups was in their perceptual sensitivity rather than in their judgmental criteria, with the police cadets being inferior to the civilians in perceptual sensitivity. However, a strong positive correlation was found between the observed sensitivity index and the observed criterion index. Results suggested that (1) visually monotonous social environments may decrease perceptual sensitivity in the identification of people, (2) police cadets are no better at avoiding false negative errors, i.e., mistakenly identifying the true suspect as an innocent, than civilian college students, and (3) perceptual sensitivity in the identification of people is strongly related to judgmental criteria, presumably because personal emphasis is on individuality.
How the Value of Health Moderates the Link between Age and Depressive Symptoms: Further Evidence
Authors: Buerger Judy L. , Fahey Amy L. , Beck Amy D. , Chang Edward C.
Published: August 2011

To extend earlier findings, this pilot study explored the role of self-reported value of health as a moderator between age and scores on the Beck Depression Inventory. 157 undergraduate students completed the Health Value Scale and the Beck inventory. There was no significant main effect for age with scores on the Beck inventory; however, scores on the Health Value Scale and their interaction with age were significant contributors to scores on the Beck Depression Inventory. These results are consistent with earlier findings. Implications for research and development are discussed.
Personality and Customer Service
Authors: Furnham Adrian , Coveney Roger
Published: August 2011

92 working adults in a major customer service business completed the Customer Service Questionnaire and the Costa and McCrae measure of their five factor personality dimensions. Strongest correlations with the 11 customer service factors were positive for Extraversion (.68), negative for Neuroticism (−.67), and positive for Conscientious (.55). The results provide some construct validity for the Customer Service Questionnaire. Recommendations for practice are made.
Suicide and Parasuicide in Psychiatric Inpatients: Ten Years Experience at a General Hospital in Taiwan
Authors: Liu Chia-Yih , Bai Ya-Mei , Yang Yong-Yi , Lin Chao-Cheng , Sim Cho-Boon , Lee Cheng-Hua
Published: August 2011

We investigated 64 suicidal acts of 62 psychiatric inpatients over a 10-yr.-period. The findings indicated the frequency of suicidal behavior of psychiatric inpatients was 0.91% of total admissions, two-thirds of the patients who attempted suicide were diagnosed with schizophrenia or depression, and patients suffering from depression, substance abuse, and personality disorders had a higher parasuicide rate, among whom those diagnosed bipolar disorder with depressive episode had an extremely high parasuicide rate. Most of the incidents occurred in concealed places, and most of the patients used nonviolent methods. About half of the incidents occurred during the evening shift, and depressed patients tended to attempt suicide during the night shift. Most suicidal attempts were unsuccessful and led to minor injury. There were two deaths.
Clergy Response Rates to Surveys: Are They Really a Function of Age?
Authors: Randall Kelvin J. , Francis Leslie J.
Published: August 2011

A questionnaire was posted to 341 clergy, all those ordained to stipendiary ministry in the Anglican Church in England and Wales in one year; 20% did not respond Analysis showed that neither chronological age nor sex significantly affected the response rate.
Utilization of the Brief Symptom Inventory to Discriminate between Violent and Nonviolent Male Relationship Partners
Authors: Gavazzi Stephen M. , Julian Teresa W. , McKenry Patrick C.
Published: August 2011

This study reports on the use of the Brief Symptom Inventory, a shortened version of the Symptom Check List-90-Revised, to measure psychopathological symptoms that predict male domestic violence. A sample of 152 men and their partners reported on the severity of violent behavior present in their relationship. Discriminant analysis indicated variation in men's violent status as a function of psychopathological symptoms. Violent men evidenced higher scores on 7 of the 9 subscales of the Brief Symptom Inventory, namely, Depression, Anxiety, Hostility, Phobia, Paranoid Ideation, Interpersonal Sensitivity, and Psychoticism.
Psychological Perspective for a Theory of Behavior during Riots
Authors: Lachman Sheldon J.
Published: August 2011

In a riot situation some individuals actively participate in antisocial behavior, but others do not, and still others act to discourage hostile activity. Four concepts from general psychology including (1) insufficiency of internal control or lack of internalized restraints acquired through learning, (2) effects of frustration, (3) emotional excitement, and (4) precipitating incidents (one or more) are proposed as contributors to the behavioral involvement of participants. Some hypotheses and the role of such variables as emotional contagion, imitation, opportunism, and anonymity are discussed.
Perceived Happiness of College Students Measured by Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Authors: Pettijohn Terry F. , Pettijohn Terry F.
Published: August 2011

Broad categories have been suggested for the events which contribute to happiness. In 1943 Maslow might have argued that people are happy when they meet or continue to meet their basic needs in his hierarchy of needs. A survey was given to 150 college students to assess which of Maslow's levels of need is perceived to be most important to happiness. Falling or staying in love was chosen significantly more often than the other choices by undergraduates of both genders. These results suggest that love is considered to be an extremely important contributor to the feeling of happiness among college students.
Why aren't More Women on Corporate Boards?: Views of Women Directors
Authors: Burke Ronald J.
Published: August 2011

This study examined views of 280 women directors as to why so few women sit on corporate boards. They served on Canadian corporate boards of directors and completed anonymous questionnaires. Women directors wanted more women on boards. Attitudes of male CEOs and board Chairmen were seen as the biggest obstacle.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Illness Behaviour in HIV+ Patients
Authors: Botha Karel F. H.
Published: August 2011

24 asymptomatic HIV+ patients completed the Impact of Event Scale and the Illness Behaviour Questionnaire. Analysis indicated above-average scores on posttraumatic stress reactions as well as significant intercorrelations of this score with scores on three factors on the Illness Behaviour Questionnaire, namely, hypochondriasis, affective inhibition, and disease conviction. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in terms of these findings.
Scholars and Mentors: Research in Psychology and the Production of Ph.D.S
Authors: Hartley James E. , Robinson Michael D.
Published: August 2011

For the 161 national liberal arts colleges, there is a positive correlation between number of research publications in psychology and number of students going on to earn Ph.D.s in psychology.
Use of Simultaneous Verbal Protocols in Analysis of Group Leaders' Cognitions
Authors: Wofford J. C. , Joplin Janice R. W. , Cornforth Brian
Published: August 2011

The effects of two types of informational inputs on cognitions and behavioral choices of leaders were examined experimentally. Informational inputs were feedback regarding group performance and information about the motivation and ability of the 76 individuals evaluated. Analysis indicated that these informational inputs affect the frequency of verbalizations of evaluations and script tracks. The implications of the results for understanding cognitions in applied settings are discussed.
Owners of Small Businesses: Learning Stances and Self-Development of Management Skills
Authors: Murphy H. Joseph , Young Jeffrey D.
Published: August 2011

The notion of taking a stance on learning within the broader process of self-development of management skills by small business owners was explored. Learning stance is defined as an individual's attitude toward learning and is an important but little-explored component of the “who” within the process of management self-development. Four different learning stances based on prior work of Miles and Snow, prospector, analyzer, defender, and reactor, were identified and their relationships to self-development of management discussed.
Maternal Characteristics and Inadequate Prenatal Care
Authors: Abel Millicent H.
Published: August 2011

This study examined the effects of traditional risk factors on receipt of inadequate prenatal care when controlling for interactions of multiple factors. Birth certificate data on 11,936 births were obtained from a state birth cohort file. A logistic regression model indicated significant interactions between maternal ethnicity (black vs white), marital status, and education in the prediction of inadequate prenatal care. Examining only main effects and ignoring interactions can produce oversimplified conclusions about individual risk factors.
Two Types of Motivation for Recognition: Secure and Insecure
Authors: Assor Avi
Published: August 2011

Data from multiple sources supported the distinction between secure and insecure motivation for recognition. Insecure recognition motivation was related to Fear of Power and need for Intimacy in Thematic-Apperception-Test type of stories but not to recognition-seeking in stones or in groups. The reverse was true for secure recognition motivation. Subjects were Israeli undergraduates who completed questionnaires and wrote imaginative stories and participated in sensitivity-training groups.
Correct Classification, False Positives, and False Negatives in Predicting Completion of the Ph.d. from GRE Scores
Authors: Holmes Cooper B. , Beishline Megan J.
Published: August 2011

Combined Verbal and Quantitative GRE scores were obtained from the records of 24 former students of a master's degree program (from a total of 128 students) who had successfully completed a doctorate in psychology or who had withdrawn from a psychology doctoral program. Success rate by classification with the GRE was calculated using both a cut-off of 1000 and a cut-off of 1100. The results indicated a high false negative rate, that is, students whose GRE scores would not predict success but who obtained a Ph.D.
Diagnostic Classification through the Study of Linguistic Dimensions
Authors: Jacob Wolfgang , Mudersbach Klaus , van der Ploeg Henk M.
Published: August 2011

28 patients (17 with lung cancer and 11 with tuberculosis) were analyzed for patterns in their speech which were then compared with those found in healthy control subjects, using a computerized method called RELATEX/RELATAN. The results suggest that speech of patients with tuberculosis expresses evaluations and attitudes more often than that of lung cancer patients and healthy controls. It appears that the computer-oriented method RELATEX/RELATAN can be useful in psycho-linguistic research. Suggestions for further research are given.
Careers in Psychology at the Associate's, Bachelor's, Master's, and Doctoral Levels
Authors: Taylor Ronald D. , Hardy Cheryl-Ann
Published: August 2011

A review of the periodical literature as well as anecdotal records of psychology majors graduated from a midwestern private college was conducted to identify entry-level jobs and career opportunities at the associate's, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral levels. Results suggested that job outlook was promising at all levels. Data on salaries and predictions of future expanded opportunities are discussed.
WAIS-R Profile Variability of Psychiatric Inpatients
Authors: Hays J. Ray
Published: August 2011

This study examined the variability of WAIS-R profiles using the subtest range and profile variance in a large sample ( N = 1,684) of psychiatric inpatients.
An Investigation of Cultural Literacy among High School Students and Prospective High School Teachers
Authors: Bart William M. , Evans-Stout Karen
Published: August 2011

Given the large increase of knowledge as well as changing views of how it is acquired, the question of what to teach students is of pivotal importance. One controversial suggestion, that of cultural literacy in Hirsch's 1987 book, was considered here. An attempt was made to validate an objective test based on the terms in Hirsch's book and to measure the effect of schooling on the construct, cultural literacy. The test was reliable and valid; scores on cultural literacy increased with education. In addition, test scores correlated strongly with other measures of academic success, i.e., scores on the American Cultural Literacy Test, correlated .77 with scores on the verbal aptitude part of the Scholastic Aptitude Test and .63 with high school grade point average.
Prayer, Church Attendance, and Personality Revisited: A Study among 16- to 19-Yr.-Old Girls
Authors: Francis Leslie J. , Wilcox Carolyn
Published: August 2011

A sample of 236 16- to 19-yr.old female A level students studying in the north east of England completed the short form Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire together with indices of prayer and church attendance. The data support the view that psychoticism is correlated with self-reported church attendance ( r = –.15) and self-reported prayer ( r = –.15), while scores on neither extraversion nor neuroticism are correlated with these indices of religiosity.
Profiles of Hispanic Adolescents and Adults on the Holland Themes and Basic Interest Scales of the Strong Interest Inventory
Authors: Kaufman Alan S. , McLean James E.
Published: August 2011

The Strong Interest Inventory and its predecessors have been the subject of decades of research. Many studies have used Holland's Six General Occupational Themes, and some have explored the 23 Basic Interest Scales. The literature addresses IQ in vocational counseling and includes studies relating Holland's themes and the 23 interest scales. The subjects included a nationwide sample of 894 13- to 65-yr.-olds tested during the standardization of the Kaufman Adolescent and Adult Intelligence Test. Multivariate analyses of variance were conducted with age, gender, and IQ on the intelligence test as independent variables, and the six Holland themes and 23 interest scales as dependent variables. IQ was related to Investigative and Artistic themes. Individuals with high IQs scored nearly one standard deviation higher than individuals with low IQs on each of these scales. A number of Basic Interest Scales correlated significantly with IQs, most of which were associated with either the Investigative or Artistic themes. Correlations of IQ with Holland Themes and scores on Basic Interest Scales were observed for both genders. The information gained from an individually administered intelligence test can enhance interpretation of the Holland themes and interest scales for vocational counseling.
Predictors of Paternal Involvement and Satisfaction
Authors: de Luccie Mary
Published: August 2011

Few researchers have simultaneously examined the multiple components of fathering, attitudes, practices, involvement, and satisfaction. Consequently, there is little information available concerning the empirical relations among these dimensions of fathering and of the theoretical meanings implied by these relations. 177 fathers of firstborn sons and daughters, ages 4, 8, 12, and 16 years, were administered structured standardized questionnaires assessing their childrearing practices, attitudes, involvement, and satisfaction. Multiple regression analyses identified several significant predictors of paternal involvement across the four age groups, including demographic variables and childrearing practices. Analyses conducted within each age group yielded somewhat different regression models. Implications for research on fathering and parental education programs are discussed.
Attitudes of Parents and Guardians towards Education, School and Teachers, and Children's Academic Achievement
Authors: Cherian Varghese I. , Cherian Lily
Published: August 2011

To study the relationship of parents' attitudes towards teachers, school, and education with the academic achievement of their children, a questionnaire was given to the parents of 1021 Standard 7 pupils (369 boys and 652 girls) randomly chosen from the Standard 7/Year 9 population of 14,765 boys and 26,109 girls. Analysis of variance indicated a positive relationship between parents' attitudes and the academic achievement of their children regardless of whether the children's parents were deceased or alive.
Evaluations of Competency of Patients with Organic Mental Disorder
Authors: Vasavada Tarak , Masand Prakash S. , Nasra George
Published: August 2011

The authors retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients ( N = 903) seen by the Psychiatric Consultation Service from January 1, 1989 through December 31, 1991. A total of 74 patients had a diagnosis of organic mental disorders (delirium, dementia, or both). Of these, 32 patients were evaluated for competency (Study group), while the remaining 42 were evaluated for reasons other than competency (Comparison group). Patients in the Study group were more likely to be African American and less likely to be prescribed psychotropic drugs than the Comparison group. The majority of patients with organic mental disorder (87.5%) evaluated for competency were judged to be incompetent.
Mothers' Low Care in the Development of Alexithymia: A Preliminary Study in Japanese College Students
Authors: Fukunishi Isao , Kawamura Noriyuki , Ishikawa Toshio , Ago Yukihiro , Sei Hiroyoshi , Morita Yusuke , Rahe Richard H.
Published: August 2011

We examined the influences of perceived parental bonding on scores on alexithymia in a sample of 232 college students. Ratings on mothers' care, a scale of the Parental Bonding Inventory were significantly and negatively correlated with scores on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and also with ratings on Difficulty Describing Feelings but not Difficulty Identifying Feelings and Externally Oriented Thinking. These results were replicated in another sample of 156 college students. Although our findings were based on simple correlations, they suggest that perceived mothers' low care is related to adults' scores on alexithymia, in particular, the construct, Difficulty Describing Feelings.
Reactions to Managed Care among Psychologists and Social Workers
Authors: Chambliss Catherine , Pinto Debra , McGuigan Joan
Published: August 2011

Although the delivery system for mental health care is undergoing unprecedented changes with managed care, few empirical assessments of practitioners' responses exist. Directories of managed care providers were used to contact 139 providers of managed mental health care for an anonymous survey of experiences with case management and short-term therapy. The differential effects of managed care on the practices of doctoral-level psychologists, master's-level psychologists, and social workers were examined.
Repression-Sensitization and Response to Public Information: Null Findings from a Pilot Survey
Authors: Ingold Charles H.
Published: August 2011

A brief repression-sensitization scale was included in a mail survey of response to public information designed to help people save water and mitigate a water shortage. Hypotheses predicting repressers, moderate scorers, and sensitizers differ in recall and use of the information were rejected, even though respondents rated water shortage as an important matter that could affect them.
Rated Relevance of Words in Self-Help Psychology Books
Authors: Forest James J.
Published: August 2011

Men and women rated high frequency words from four self-help psychology books for the relevance of the words to self-help behavior. As predicted, the ratings for relevance of words from the two bestselling books were higher than the ratings for the words from the two nonbestselling books.
Elements of Neuroticism in Relation to Headache Symptomatology
Authors: Kentle Robert L.
Published: August 2011

The purpose of this study was to ascertain which elements within the factor of Neuroticism are related to headache symptomatology. Consequently, scores on individual items of 2 Neuroticism scales were correlated with headache questions. The first was the Neuroticism scale of Eysenck's Improved Short Questionnaire which was given, along with 20 questions about headaches, to 500 university students. The second was the Neurotic Anxiety scale of the Adjective Self-description scales which was administered, along with 7 questions about headaches, to 400 university undergraduates. Both tension and migraine symptomatology were found to be related to the “tension” items of the Neuroticism scales. Migraine was found to be related to cycles of mood. Neither type of headache was found to be especially related to Depression. The relationship of headache symptomatology to Neuroticism appears to be slight but direct.
Examination-Related Feedback, Mood, and Helping: A Correlational Study
Authors: Feldt Ronald C. , Jagodzinski Michelle , McKinley Kristin
Published: August 2011

The association of mood with helping was examined. College students ( N = 62) self-reported mood before and after receiving feedback (numerical score and letter grade) on an examination administered during the previous class session. Helping measures included the number of sessions in which they were willing to serve and the number of names in a list of 120 checked for spelling. Analysis indicated that examination scores were negatively correlated with negative affect ( r = –.69) and positively correlated with positive affect ( r = .51); however, there was no statistically significant relationship between mood and helping.
Suicides and the Lunar Cycle
Authors: Gutiérrez-García J. M. , Tusell F.
Published: August 2011

The existence of lunar influence on the frequency of suicide is tested by means of a permutation test. A total of 897 suicide deaths reported by the Anatomical Forensic Institute of Madrid were analyzed by a permutation test, a direct application of Fisher's ideas. Noteworthy in this study are the testing method used and the accuracy of timing of the deaths. Both factors provide firm ground for our conclusion: there appears to be no relationship between lunar phases and suicide.
Correlations between the Temperament and Character Inventory and the Self-Rating Depression Scale among Japanese Students
Authors: Tanaka Eriko , Kijima Nobuhiko , Kitamura Toshinori
Published: August 2011

The Temperament and Character Inventory measures four dimensions of temperament and three of character. The 125-item short version and the Self-rating Depression Scale were administered to 306 Japanese students. Their scores on the latter were significantly highly correlated with the scores on both temperament and character scales, positively correlated with Harm-Avoidance score, and negatively correlated with Self-directedness and Cooperativeness scores. It is suggested that scores on depression were related to Harm-Avoidance, particularly to fatigability, and immaturity of the autonomous self and cooperative interpersonal relationship.
Antisocial Personality Traits and Patients' Satisfaction with Treatment for Addiction
Authors: Cernovsky Zack Z. , O'Reilly Richard L. , Pennington Maureen
Published: August 2011

The over-all satisfaction with treatment for addiction (sum of scores on 11 items of a questionnaire) by 50 addicts and their self-reported confidence in remaining abstinent were unrelated to scores on MMPI-2 scales (all classical clinical and validity scales, 15 content scales and 7 research scales) except to reports of shyness on the Social Discomfort Scale: patients characterizing themselves as shy gave the higher ratings of satisfaction with treatment ( r = .33). We note that our previous finding using the MMPI-2, i.e., that less socially responsible and more rebellious patients provided lower satisfaction ratings, was not replicated for this sample of addicts.
Narcissism and Hostility
Authors: Patalano Frank
Published: August 2011

The recent work of Hart and Joubert (1996) who reported correlations between scores on narcissism and hostility is commented upon with respect to expressions of hostility in narcissistic persons. Characteristics of the narcissistic personality observed in psychotherapy are noted, and suggestions are made regarding Hart and Joubert's call for research comparing the personality dimensions of hostile and nonhostile narcissistic persons.
Machiavellianism and Management: A Review of Single-Nation Studies Exclusive of the USA and Cross-National Studies
Authors: Corzine Janice Baker
Published: August 2011

This is a review of literature on Machiavellianism involving single-nation studies exclusive of the USA and cross-national studies. The articles are empirical studies with a direct or indirect relationship to management. National groups with especially high and low scores on the Mach IV and Mach V are identified. Issues which need to be addressed include a sampling bias which favors students, a lack of field studies, questions raised about factor structure of common scales used to measure Machiavellianism, and inconsistencies in the results of studies involving the relationship of locus of control, achievement motivation, and authoritarianism to Machiavellianism. Research involving organizational context and job performance should be undertaken as should additional cross-national research.
Family and Employment Status Associated with Women's Criminal Behavior
Authors: Campbell Carol S. , Robinson James W.
Published: August 2011

Exploring the relationship between women's criminal behavior as evidenced in violence, type of crime, prior criminal history, and the fulfillment of traditional female roles delineated by marital status, employment status, or presence of children in the home of the woman was based on the evaluation of 141 female inmates, which indicated a limited relationship between fulfilling traditional female roles and the nature of female criminal activity. Married and previously married subjects tended to be involved primarily with murder and secondarily with theft Single subjects were involved primarily with theft and secondarily involved with robbery. Employed subjects were more likely to be involved with theft and nonviolent crime. Unemployed subjects were more likely to be involved in violent crimes.
Suicide and Wealth in Sweden: Comment on Ferrada-Noli
Authors: Lester David , Savlid Ann-Christine
Published: August 2011

In an ecological study of the 24 counties of Sweden, the total and male suicide rates were not significantly associated with the average income per capita, while the correlation between female suicide rates and income was significant.
Internal Consistency, Reliability, and Concurrent Validity of the Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale and the Quality Marriage Index
Authors: Calahan Charles A.
Published: August 2011

The interitem consistencies of the Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale and the Quality Marriage Index were measured for responses of 113 conservative church couples. Analyses indicated that the two scales are reliable marital measures when sampling a conservative church setting.
Autonomous Work Groups: A Field Study of Correlates of Satisfaction
Authors: Ward Edward A.
Published: August 2011

In a single corporation 137 members of autonomous work groups completed a self-rating questionnaire on satisfaction. Scores were correlated with receptivity to change (.85), trust in management (.58), satisfaction with communication (.61), and with organizational commitment (.73).
MMPI and MMPI-2 Scores on the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale
Authors: Brophy Alfred L.
Published: August 2011

Raw-score means of the Cook-Medley Hostility scale are smaller in the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) normative group than in the MMPI normative group, and T scores are larger. The results contrast with those for the clinical scales but are consistent with results for some other scales. Reasons for the different patterns of MMPI and MMPI-2 scores are discussed.
Influencing Tactics on Successful Implementation of Quality Improvement Policies
Authors: Lam Simon S. K.
Published: August 2011

Implementation of organizational policies can be extremely difficult because employees may not comply with them. A survey of 110 salespersons was conducted in Hong Kong to investigate the role of influence tactics in influencing employees' willingness to comply with policies for improvement of quality. Salespersons responded best to tactics of exchange and upward appeals while assertive tactics received the lowest score.
Acculturation and MMPI-2 Scale Scores of Mexican American Substance Abuse Patients
Authors: Lessenger Leslie H.
Published: August 2011

No significant correlation was found between a linear acculturation score derived from the Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans-II and the scale scores of the MMPI-2, for 100 Mexican American men.
When Ingroup and Outgroup Norms Differ: Unfavorable Self-Presentation in Members of Motorcycle Clubs
Authors: Schütz Astrid
Published: August 2011

The analysis of 126 articles indicates the aptness of the quotation: “Bikers are people, who wear leather jackets and jeans coats with stickers, drive big motor-bikes that are loud and catch attention. … They ride from bar to bar and destroy things. They smoke marihuana and wear tattoos, have steel-helmets, are noisy, do not wash and are often drunk. They like fighting and … want to shock people” (Account of a 16-year-old, Baumann, 1988, p. 37).
Young Adults' Drug Use: A 17-Year Longitudinal Inquiry of Antecedents
Authors: Brook Judith S. , Balka Elinor B. , Gursen Michal D. , Brook David W. , Shapiro Joseph , Cohen Patricia
Published: August 2011

This longitudinal study examined the interrelation of personality and peer factors on young adults' drug use and also the influence of the interaction of personality and peer factors on drug use. The sample of 756 males and females were interviewed four times between the M ages of 6 and 22. Personality attributes in childhood were related to peer factors in early adolescence which, in turn, were related to personality traits in later adolescence. These traits were linked with selection of peers and, ultimately, drug use in young adulthood. Additionally, the adolescent and young adult domains had direct effects on young adults' drug use. Significant interactions indicated that a few protective childhood personality traits buffer the risk of deviant peers in adolescence on young adults' drug use. More earlier protective characteristics from one domain enhanced the effect of later protective traits from the other domain.
Symptom Patterns in Schizophrenia for Men and Women
Authors: Cernovsky Zack Z. , Landmark Johan A. , O'Reilly Richard L.
Published: August 2011

Differences on symptoms and anamnestic variables were studied in a sample of 112 Canadian patients (42 men and 70 women) who met DSM-III criteria for schizophrenia. Men were more often rated as providing unreliable information than were women. A smaller proportion of men than women showed spontaneous remissions (a return to premorbid level), and fewer men also displayed phasic changes in appetite, weight, or sexual activity. It is noteworthy that men and women did not differ on general indices of severity of illness such as the number of past hospitalizations or length of hospital stay. In contrast to numerous past studies, an earlier age of onset of the illness for men was nonsignificant.
Changes in Women's Emotions as a Function of Emotion Valence, Self-Determined Category of Premenstrual Distress, and Day in the Menstrual Cycle
Authors: Henderson B. Jane , Whissell Cynthia
Published: August 2011

A confirmatory study where 20 women completed Plutchik and Kellerman's Emotions Profile Index in a daily prospective rating of emotions supported previous findings of mood fluctuations across the menstrual cycle. Positive moods peaked at or about the time of ovulation and negative ones at or about the time of menstruation. However, significant interactions indicated that a pronounced shift in mood was only characteristic of women who rated themselves as “sufferers” of premenstrual discomfort and not of those who rated themselves as experiencing very mild discomfort.
Locus of Control, Depression and Suicidality in Korean Workers
Authors: McCollaum Bruce , Lester David
Published: August 2011

In a sample of 37 Korean workers, past and current suicidal ideation was not associated with depression scores or locus of control scores.
Research on Homeless Men and Women: Existential-Humanistic and Clinical Thinking
Authors: Sumerlin John R. , Bundrick C. M.
Published: August 2011

Researchers interested in homeless persons have concentrated on disease, overlooking assets. The content of this paper challenges researchers to a more comprehensive view of homeless samples to include mental wellness. Recommendations for research are suggested.
An Empirical Examination of the Relationship between Corporate Social Performance and Firms' Diversification
Authors: Simerly Roy L.
Published: August 2011

This paper extends research on corporate social performance by examining the relationship between extent of product diversification and corporate social performance. Findings indicate that firms which are highly diversified perform poorly on a measure of corporate social performance and that firms which maintain a more related set of business activities perform better on the same measure. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Self-Reported Sexual Behaviors of High School Juniors and Seniors in North Dakota
Authors: Downey Vicki Wessman , Landry Richard G.
Published: August 2011

The period of adolescence is characterized as a time of experimentation during which adolescents may engage in adult behavior in the absence of understanding the consequences of these behaviors. The purpose of this study was to examine the self-reported sexual behaviors of late adolescent junior and senior high school students ( N = 7,699). The study indicated a significantly high and disconcerting frequency of self-reported risk-taking sexual behavior.
Sex, Socioeconomic Status, and Attitude toward Applied Statistics among Postgraduate Education Students
Authors: Cherian Varghese I. , Glencross Michael J.
Published: August 2011

Differences by sex and socioeconomic status in attitude toward applied statistics of 38 students who registered for the Bachelor of Education (18 men and 20 women) and whose ages ranged from 21 to 43 years ( M = 28.9 yr.) were not statistically significant on a two-way analysis of variance of low, middle, and high socioeconomic status.
Personality Needs and Short-Term Memory
Authors: Nittono Hiroshi
Published: August 2011

This study examined a possible relationship between personality needs and short-term memory. 102 Japanese college students were administered a Japanese version of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule and performed 3 verbal short-term memory tests. No reliable correlations were found between memory performance and the scores on the 15 scales of Edwards' schedule. In contrast, course examination scores in introductory psychology were statistically significantly correlated with some scale scores. These results suggested that motivational personality traits would not be related to short-term memory performance, although they were associated with academic achievement.