bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sintomatología y resiliencia ante el acoso relacional en México
Authors: Pérez Pérez Alejandra Elizabeth , Jiménez Rodríguez Berenice , Sánchez Aragón Rozzana
Published: August 2018

Experimentar acoso relacional, referido a conceptos tales como hostigamiento, obsesión o violación psicológica, tiene importantes efectos en diferentes aspectos de la vida de las víctimas, por lo que esta investigación tuvo como objetivos validar dos escalas para medir los síntomas y la resiliencia ante dicho acoso, y examinar asimismo las diferencias por sexo y por la relación que la víctima tiene con el acosador. Los resultados indican la obtención de medidas válidas y confiables para ambas variables. Por un lado, se agrupan ciertos síntomas psicológicos (emocionales, de ansiedad, mentales, sociales y espirituales), y por otro los síntomas en el estilo de vida (económicos, conductuales y autodestructivos). En el caso de la resiliencia, esta fue unidimensional. En cuanto a diferencias encontradas, las mujeres manifestaron una mayor intensidad en algunos de sus síntomas, así como en la resiliencia espiritual. También se observó que los efectos del acoso se experimentan más vivamente entre más cercana es la relación con el acosador. Así, resulta evidente la importancia de la contribución metodológica de esta investigación, basada en el desarrollo de medidas válidas, y el conocimiento teórico obtenido de la experiencia del acoso para así mejorar la orientación y el tratamiento al respecto.
Efectos de un procedimiento instruccional en el desarrollo de habilidades para el cuidado de las mamas
Authors: Valencia Jesús Ernesto , Acuña Karla Fabiola , Irigoyen Juan José , Jiménez Miriam Yerith
Published: August 2018

Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles son la principal causa de muerte en el mundo; en particular, el cáncer de mama es el tipo de cáncer más común entre las mujeres. Los programas implementados se han enfocado en la distribución masiva de información, pero esta no parece ser una estrategia efectiva para modificar las prácticas poco saludables. El modelo psicológico de la salud biológica permite identificar los factores psicológicos que intervienen en el proceso de salud-enfermedad. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar un procedimiento instruccional para entrenar a mujeres con el propósito de que logren identificar y poner en práctica conductas instrumentales relacionadas con el cuidado de las mamas y evaluar su efecto en la calidad de vida de aquéllas. Se diseñó un estudio pretest-postest en el que participaron 22 mujeres, las cuales se asignaron aleatoriamente a dos condiciones de entrenamiento: materiales con texto, video, imágenes y un modelo de simulación, y materiales con texto, video e imágenes. Asimismo, se aplicaron dos cuestionarios: uno elaborado ex profeso, y el Inventario de Calidad de Vida y Salud. Los resultados se discuten en términos del incremento en el tiempo dedicado a la autoexploración en ambas condiciones, la efectividad relativa de la autoexploración mamaria en ambas condiciones, la identificación diferencial de alteraciones en el modelo de simulación; y el efecto observado en las respuestas al citado inventario.
Tratamiento cognitivo-conductual en trastornos de ansiedad infantil
Authors: Gutiérrez García Alejandra Viridiana , Gutiérrez Lara Mariana , Méndez Sánchez Cecilia , Riveros Rosas Angélica
Published: August 2018

El propósito de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto del tratamiento cognitivo-conductual en un grupo de niños con trastornos de ansiedad, de entre 8 y 11 años de edad, pacientes de un hospital psiquiátrico de la Ciudad de México. Los casos se atendieron de manera individual bajo un diseño compuesto por tres fases: evaluación, tratamiento cognitivo-conductual y seguimiento. Se aplicaron asimismo un pretest al inicio del procedimiento, un postest al término y dos seguimientos al mes y a los dos meses de concluido aquel, mediante los instrumentos CMASR-2 y SCAS, validados y estandarizados en México. Los datos se compararon entre sí y se representaron de forma grupal a travésde diagramas de caja y bigote, además de que se analizaron bajo la prueba de rangos con signo de Wilcoxon. Los resultados indican que el tratamiento cognitivo-conductual generó una disminución de las creencias distorsionadas que los pacientes tenían respecto a los estímulos disparadores de ansiedad, así como de la sintomatología fsiológica asociada al padecimiento. Se disminuyeron las puntuaciones naturales obtenidas a lo largo de las mediciones realizadas y el cambio resultó estadísticamente signifcativo.
Conceptualización de atributos de género en jóvenes universitarios del norte de México
Authors: Valdez Elba Abril , Cubillas Rodríguez María José , Ibáñez Domínguez Sandra Elvia , Román Pérez Rosario
Published: August 2018

El objetivo del estudio fue explorar la conceptualización semántica que estudiantes universitarios del norte de México tienen sobre las palabras hombre-mujer y femenino-masculino. Se analizó la información de 1,514 estudiantes seleccionados al azar de una universidad pública. La técnica utilizada fue la asociación de palabras, que permitió documentar las asignaciones culturales a través de la organización conceptual. Los resultados muestran que ambos sexos relacionan estas palabras con atributos asignados tradicionalmente a cada sexo. Tal persistencia indica la necesidad de cuestionar y teorizar sobre esas ideas estereotipadas en una población educada y aparentemente más permeada por los cambios sociales sobre la igualdad y la equidad de género.
Educación Patrimonial en cuatro museos veracruzanos: análisis de los recursos educativos
Authors: Román Nieto Azminda Meybelli
Published: August 2018

La educación patrimonial es un campo de acción de la Educación, que centra su estudio e intervención en el Patrimonio Cultural y la relación entre los bienes patrimoniales y la sociedad. El presente texto analiza las estrategias y herramientas educativas desde dicho enfoque en cuatro museos veracruzanos con la finalidad de identificar posibles alternativas de acercamiento e interacción de los visitantes con los bienes culturales que se resguardan y conservan en los museos del estado de Veracruz.Palabras clave: educación patrimonial; museos; patrimonio; estrategias; educación AbstractHeritage education is a field of ac­tion of Education, which focuses its study and intervention on Cultural Heritage and the re­lationship between heritage assets and socie­ty. The present text analyzes the educational strategies and tools from this approach in four Veracruz museums with the purpose of iden­tifying possible alternatives of approach and interaction of the visitors with the cultural assets that are protected and conserved in the museums of the state of Veracruz.Keywords: heritage education; museums; heri­tage; strategies; education
Espacios públicos amables para las mujeres en Xalapa, Veracruz, una mirada desde el Observatorio Urbano Universitario
Authors: Rubio Gutierrez Harmida , Hernández Bonilla Mauricio , Martínez Moctezuma Carlos , Ferrer Vela Maria Del Mar
Published: August 2018

Desde la Arquitectura y el Urbanismo, poco se ha abordado la perspectiva de género en   el diseño y estudio del  espacio urbano. En su gran mayoría, las ciudades han sido diseñadas  desde una perspectiva neutral, en donde poco se han considerado las necesidades de las mujeres. Se aborda, el estudio del espacio público considerando una mirada femenina a la problemática que vive este grupo en el uso, apropiación y percepción del espacio público, frente a las condiciones de inseguridad que se viven en las ciudades. En este caso se analiza la ciudad de Xalapa, a través de una metodología mixta, este trabajo tiene como meta proveer de datos, así como recomendaciones que sirvan de fundamento  para la toma de decisiones en la creación de ciudades más seguras a través de  un urbanismo  con perspectiva de género.Palabras Clave: ciudades; violencia; perspectiva de género; espacio público; Xalapa-México AbstractIn Architecture and the Urba­nism, the study and design of the urban space has little been approached from a gender pers­pective. Urban space and its public spaces have been designed in their great majority from a neutral perspective, where the needs of the women have hardly been considered. In this article, the study of public space is approached, considering a feminine point of view of the problems this social group experience in the use, appropriation and perception of publics spaces, under the insecurity conditions of ci­ties. In this case, Xalapa one of the most inse­cure cities in the state of Veracruz-Mexico is analyzed. Through a mixed methodology, this work aims to provide data, as well as recom­mendations that serve as a basis for decision making in the creation of safer cities through urban planning with a gender perspective.Keywords: cities; violence; gender perspective; public space; Xalapa-México
¿Determinísticamente probable o probabilísticamente determinista?
Authors: Ortigoza Capetillo Gerardo Mario
Published: August 2018

Este trabajo presenta la revisión de algunos modelos que conocemos como determinísticos o como estocásticos, así como algunas relaciones entre ellos, las cuales resultan interesantes. Vemos cómo las caminatas aleatorias generan algunas ecuaciones diferenciales parciales tales como la ecuación de calor; se presenta la ecuación de Laplace resuelta usando el juego Tour du wino; es decir, simulación Montecarlo para obtener los valores de una función armónica, como los promedios de su valores en la frontera obtenidos por diferentes trayectorias. Se revisan los modelos de Black and Scholes, así como el método de funciones generadoras de probabilidad para mostrar como determinados problemas probabilísticos pueden resolverse usando métodos determinísticos basados en ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias y parciales.Palabras clave: modelos determinísticos, modelos probabilísticos, Montecarlo, caminatas aleatorias, Black and ScholesAbstract This work presents a review of some deterministic and stochastic models, interesting rela­tionships between them, are also discussed. Random walks give rise to partial differential mo­dels such as the heat equation. A Tour du wino game is introduced to approximate a solution to Laplace equation, here a Monte Carlo simulation is used to obtain the values of an harmonic function as the average of its boundary values using random trajectories. We review the Black & Scholes and the probability generating functions models to show how some probabilistic pro­blems can be solved using deterministics methods (based on ordinary and partial differential equations).Keywords: BDeterministic models; Stochastic models; Monte Carlo; random walk; Black and Scholes
Review essay on Rex B. Kline’s Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling: Encouraging a fifth edition
Authors: Hayduk Leslie
Published: August 2018

Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, 4th editionRex B. KlineNew York: The Guilford Press 2016ISBN 978-1-4625-2334-4Softcover, US$65, 534 pp.Kline’s fourth edition is reasonably strong but improvable. The text aims to introduce newcomers to fundamental structural equation modeling (SEM) principles, but tends to confuse “Principles” with “Rules.” Rules having insufficient grounding in principles leave readers ill-prepared for understanding and responding to changes in previously traditional “rules”—such as those concerning model testing, and latents having single indicators. SEM’s foundations would be clearer if Kline began by presenting structural equation models as striving to represent causal effects—a commitment that differentiates structural equation models from regression and encourages model testing. I begin this review by summarizing the covariance/correlation implications of three simple causal structures, which pinpoints multiple text improvements and underpins the discussions of measurement and model testing that follow. Causal structuring also grounds my later comments regarding modelling means/intercepts and interactions. A file of Supplementary Sections expands on several points and lists multiple editorial corrections you might pencil into your copy of Kline’s text.
Immigration and the City
Authors: Eller Nikki Melanie
Published: August 2018

by Eric Fong and Brent BerryCambridge (UK): Polity Press, 2017ISBN 978-0-7456-9002-5Softcover $????, 162pp.
Understanding Demographic Transitions: An Overview of French Historical Statistics
Authors: MAY John F
Published: August 2018

Claude Diebolt and Faustine PerrinPopulation Economics Series, Cham, CH: Springer, 2017.XVIII-176 pp. ISBN 978-3-319-44650-9. Hardcover: USD 129.00
Books received
Authors: Manager Journal
Published: August 2018

books available for review
Blood Pressure Changes on Tooth Extraction Using Local Anesthesia Contains 1:80,000 Epinephrine at Jatinangor Primary Health Care
Authors: Wijaya Muhammad A , Hidayat Marlianti , Sitorus Trully D
Published: August 2018

Hypertension is a systemic disorder which included as one of the disease with highest prevalence in the world, particularly in Indonesia. One problem that is commonly faced by hypertension patients is administration of local anesthetic containing epinephrine 1:80.000 that needs to be given before undergoing tooth extraction procedure in primary health care setting. Administration of anesthetics is risky because it can cause sudden blood pressure increase that may cause complications. This study aims to observe the increased of blood pressure after being given local anesthetic containing epinephrine 1:80.000. This is a descriptive quantitative study conducted in April-August 2017 in Puskesmas Jatinangor. Blood pressure data is primary data, acquired from normotension and prehypertension patients aged 18-50 year who undergoes tooth extraction procedure. Blood pressure were measured before and after given local anesthetic. Result showed that there were increase in mean systolic blood pressure as much as 3.43 mmHg. Increase in systolic blood pressure occurs from the effect of epinephrine that causes constriction of the blood vessels. It is concluded that administration of local anesthetic containing epinephrine 1:80.000 before tooth extraction procedure is relatively safe and can be considered to be used in pre-hypertension patients, but not in higher hypertension stages.
Histopathological and Clinical Features of Phyllodes Tumor in Hasan Sadikin during Period of 2012 - 2016
Authors: Harsas Natasha A , Dewayani Birgitta M , Yohana Raden
Published: August 2018

Phyllodes tumor is a breast fibroepithelial lesion that rarely occurred. This type of tumor has tendency to recurre and metastasize. This study aimed to determine the features of phyllodes tumor in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in period of 2012 to 2016, histopathologically and clinically. Descriptive study with cross sectional design was conducted in Department of Pathological Anatomy, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, from September 2016 to May 2017. Using total sampling, the secondary data are taken from medical records with the diagnosis of phyllodes tumor. From 88 samples taken, the mean age of the tumor occurrence is 45,56 years old and the mean size of tumor diameter is 10,98 cm. Tumor with benign type has the highest prevalence, with 54 cases reported. Mastectomy is the most common procedure performed on this tumor. There are 7 recurred patients and 1 patient with metastasis. As conclusions, phyllodes tumor is a rare tumor. In Hasan Sadikin general hospital, it mostly occurs in women aged 45 years old in the benign type. Mastectomy is often performed as a choice of surgical treatment.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND BEHAVIOR OF PARENTS TO THE METHOD OF UPBRINGING CHILDREN WHO HAVE DOWN SYNDROME IN SLB-C TUNAS HARAPAN KARAWANG
Authors: Dwinindita Lizsa Y , Ivone July , Supantini Dedeh
Published: August 2018

Down syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by an excess of third chromosome in the 21st pair of chromosomes that causes the number of chromosomes to be 47. The method of parenting is a way of caring, nurturing and educating, therefore parents should have knowledge, attitude and good method of behavior parenting. The highest prevalence of Down syndrome is in West Java, which is around 50.90%. The aim of the research is to recognize the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of parents to the method of upbringing children who have Down syndrome in SLB-C Tunas Harapan Karawang. The research method used in this research is descriptive, cross sectional design with research instrument in the form of questionnaire containing 30 questions. Research subjects were all parents of Down syndrome children in SLB-C Tunas Harapan Karawang with 52 respondents. The result of the research is 90,4% of respondents have good knowledge, 98,2% of respondents have good attitude, and 96,1% of respondents have good behavior. The conclusion of this research is the level of knowledge, attitude, and behavior of parents who have Down syndrome children in SLB-C Tunas Harapan Karawang generally is good.     Keywords: down syndrome, parents, upbringing
O Movimento Docente para o Uso da Divulgação Científica em Sala de Aula: Um Modelo a partir da Teoria da Atividade
Authors: Lima Guilherme da Silva , Giordan Marcelo
Published: August 2018

A divulgação científica (DC) é um dos suportes que os professores de ciências podem usar para fomentar atividades de ensino. Ressalta-se, porém, que a DC é produzida para atender as necessidades de comunicação entre representantes da cultura científica e a sociedade, não sendo a escola um destino presumido da DC. Assim, para os professores de ciências usarem a DC em situações de ensino é necessário a apropriação dessa ferramenta cultural e adequação da mesma para os propósitos educacionais. Este trabalho apresenta um modelo para compreender o movimento docente para o uso da DC em sala de aula, para tanto se fundamenta na teoria da atividade e analisa a partir dos sistemas de atividades como o professor interage com a DC. O modelo destaca quatro sistemas de atividades em que professores atuam, suas interações e desdobramentos, que estão alocados em diferentes níveis hierárquicos.
Síndrome Frey en la consulta de alergología
Authors: Ospina-Cantillo July Andrea , Ramírez-Giraldo Ruth Helena , Castelblanco-Arango Iris Yansa , Cardona Ricardo
Published: August 2018

Antecedentes: El síndrome Frey es un conjunto de síntomas que incluyen la sudoración unilateral con enrojecimiento de la región malar y pabellón auricular después de comer o beber algún alimento. Se trata de una lesión del nervio auriculotemporal secundaria a cirugía o infección de las glándulas parotídeas o traumatismo facial.Casos clínicos: Tres niños entre cuatro y dos y medio años de edad: dos niñas y un niño. Presentaban máculas eritematosas unilaterales en la cara que llegaban el pabellón auricular de resolución espontánea, sin erupciones, prurito, angioedema, síntomas gastrointestinales ni respiratorios; su aparición estaba asociada con el consumo de alimentos ácidos y algunos dulces. Se observó la reproducción de los síntomas en el recorrido del nervio aurículo-temporal. Entre sus antecedentes se encontraban nacimiento por cesárea debido a desproporción cefalopélvica (caso 1), nacimiento por parto instrumentado con fórceps (caso 2) y nacimiento por cesárea debido a preeclampsia (caso 3).Conclusiones: A menudo el síndrome de Frey suele ser confundido con alergia alimentaria, ocasionando restricciones innecesarias de la dieta. En los niños suele estar ausente la sudoración debido a la posible inmadurez de las glándulas ecrinas.
Calidad de vida en urticaria crónica y su relación con el impacto económico y control de la enfermedad en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Universitario de Monterrey, México
Authors: Arias-Cruz Alfredo , González-Díaz Sandra Nora , Macías-Weinmann Alejandra , Ibarra-Chávez Jesús Arturo , Sánchez-Guerra Daniel , Leal-Villarreal Lucía , Salinas-Díaz María del Rocío
Published: August 2018

Antecedentes: La urticaria crónica se manifiesta con erupciones y ocasionalmente con angioedema. La molestia física y social empeora la calidad de vida de los pacientes, quienes, además, enfrentan importantes gastos.Objetivo: Evaluar la relación de la calidad de vida con la carga económica y el control de la urticaria crónica.Métodos: Estudio transversal, descriptivo y observacional. Se incluyeron adultos con diagnóstico de urticaria crónica. Se aplicaron los cuestionarios CU-Q2oL y UCT en español y un cuestionario sobre carga económica y enfermedades coexistentes. Se calculó un tamaño de muestra de 36 pacientes.Resultados: Se incluyeron 36 pacientes, 58.3 % fue del sexo femenino. La edad fue de 39.9 años ± 15.6. Respecto a la calidad de vida, 66.7 % reportó poca afectación, 25 % bastante y 8.3 % mucha; la relación con el ingreso económico mensual obtuvo p = 0.017; 38.9 % refirió ingresos mensuales menores a $5000. Al comparar el control de la enfermedad con el CU-Q2oL se obtuvo diferencia significativa para las preguntas referentes a prurito.Conclusiones: Existió asociación entre calidad de vida de los pacientes con urticaria crónica e ingreso familiar mensual: a menor ingreso, más afectación de la calidad de vida. A mayor control de la enfermedad, menor afectación.
An Analysis of Elementary School Students’ Problem Solving Processes Related to Spatial Sense Using an Eye-Tracking Method
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Lee Seul , Chang Hyewon
Published: August 2018

This study aims to analyze the difference in eye-fixation and eye-movement during problem solving processes related to spatial sense between the higher spatial sense group and the lower spatial sense group using an eye-tracker. The subjects of this study included 10% higher spatial sense group (n=16) and 10% lower spatial sense group (n=17) out of 152 fifth graders of H Elementary School in Seoul. The subjects were asked to solve six problems presented on the computer monitor. Three of the problems were related to nets and the remaining three were related to building blocks. First, we recorded and analyzed the students’ problem solving processes using an eye-tracker, and then conducted interviews. The results of the analysis revealed significant differences in problem solving processes related to nets and building blocks between the higher group and the lower group. Based on the results, we induced a few didactical implications for encouraging elementary students’ abilities on problem solving related spatial sense.
A Comparative Study on Unit and Lesson Frameworks and Learning Contents of Elementary School Mathematics Textbooks between South Korea and North Korea with Focus on 1st, 2nd and 3rd Grade
Authors:   The Korea Society Of Educational Studies In Mathematics, Lee Hwayoung , Lim Miin , Lee Hwanchul , Kim Juchang
Published: August 2018

In this study, we analyzed the elementary school mathematics textbooks are used in 1st to 3rd grade in South Korea and North Korea. Specifically, the textbooks were compared in terms of unit and lesson frameworks, and the learning contents of mathematics covered in the 1st grade textbooks were compared and analyzed. As the results, some implications on the similarities and differences between the two textbooks were derived. First, we identified the emphasis on the textbooks for the South and North Korean mathematics, as well as similarities and differences in the composition of the textbooks, the structure of textbooks, and the system of teacher’s guidebooks. Second, South and North Korean mathematics textbooks share the largest proportion of units in the number and operation domain, and differ in the number of units and presentation of names. Third, both textbooks contain the introductions are composed of illustrations and the lessons are comprised of play activities, while there are differences in terms of the use of icons. Fourth, among the learning contents covered in the 1st grade mathematics textbooks, we identified the contents covered in thr 1st grade of South Korea and in the 1st grade of North Korea.
The Economic Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Countries and Transition Economies
Authors: Ismail Çevis
Published: August 2018

The economic growth rates have dramatically increased in developing economies, such as in Latin American, Asian, and Eastern European countries, following the financial liberalisation attempt, especially during the 1990s. Foreign direct investment (FDI) has become an increasingly important element for economic development and integration of developing countries and transition economies in this period with the world economy. The main purpose of this study is to develop an empirical framework to estimate the economic determinants of FDI inflows by employing a panel data set of 17 developing countries and transition economies for the period of 1989:01-2006:04. In our model there are seven explanatory economic variables. They are, respectively, the previous period FDI (the pull factor for new FDI), GDP growth (measures market size), Wage (unit labour costs), Trade Rate (measures the openness of countries), the real interest rates (measures macroeconomic policy), inflation rate (as country risk and macroeconomic policy), and domestic investment (Business Climate). Hence, throughout the paper, only the economic determinants (being separated and apart from the other studies in the literature) of FDI inflows to developing countries and transition economies are studied. It is found out that the previous period FDI which is directly related to the host countries’ economic resources is important as an economic determinant. Besides, it is also understood that the main determinants of FDI inflows are the inflation rate, the interest rate, the growth rate, and the trade (openness) rate and FDI inflows give power to the economies of host countries.
Household’s Willingness to Pay for Safe Drinking Water: A Case Study of Abbottabad District
Authors: Mirajul Haq  , Usman Mustafa
Published: August 2018

Drinking water is the basic need of human life. Safe drinking water is an essential component of primary health care and have vital role in poverty alleviation. There is positive correlation between increased national income and the proportion of population with access to improved water supply. An increase of 0.3 percent investment in household access to safe drinking water generates one percent increase in GDP. Whereas, provision of safe drinking water supply is an effective health intervention reduces the mortality caused by water-borne diseases by an average 70 percent. Inadequate drinking water not only resulted in more sickness and deaths, but also augments health costs, lower worker productivity and school enrolment [World Bank (1994)]. The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimate 1.8 million people in developing countries die every year from diarrhea and cholera, Out of these 90 percent are children under the age of five years. While 88 percent of diarrhoeal diseases are attributed to unsafe water supply, inadequate sanitation and hygiene [WHO (2004)]. The situation is not very different in Pakistan; the access to safe drinking water is estimated to be available to 23.5 percent of population in rural areas and 30 percent in urban areas. While every year 0.2 million children die due to diarrhoeal diseases [Rosemann (2005)].
Environmental Effects of Trade Liberalisation: A Case Study of Pakistan
Authors: Usman Azhar  , Samina Khalil
Published: August 2018

Within today’s global economy countries now trade more intensively and frequently than in the past. Trade has become an increasingly important global economic activity, with annual trade volumes increasing sixteen fold over the last fifty years and the ratio of world exports to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) now approaching twenty percent. With this recent acceleration of global trade, countries throughout the world have benefited from more investment, industrial development, and employment and income growth. Other positive effects include increased mobility of capital, increased ease of movement of goods and services (and information) across national borders as well as the diffusion of global norms and values, the spread of democracy and international environmental and human rights agreements. Critics of trade liberalisation argue that these much-acclaimed advantages of trade liberalisation (and globalisation) often underrate the impact of globalisation on widening the economic gap between the North and the South. Over the years, attention has been given to the advantages of trade liberalisation and globalisation to the detriment of the disadvantages. The major disadvantage that is always swept under the rug is the environmental problem. Recently, however, there has been an increasing concern over the potential negative impacts of trade liberalisation, particularly on the environmental and natural resources of developing countries.
Determinants of Corruption in Developing Countries
Authors: Ghulam Shabbir
Published: August 2018

Corruption is a limp in the walk of human progress. It is not a new phenomenon; it is as old as the history of mankind itself. The corruption made itself visible when the institution of the government was established. According to Glynn, et al. (1997), “…..no region, and hardly any country, has been immune from corruption”. Like a cancer, it strikes almost all parts of the society and destroys the functioning of vital organs, means cultural, political and economic structure of society Amundsen (1999). All this was proved by the major corruption scandals of France, Italy, Japan, Philippine, South Korea, Mexico, United States etc. These scandals bring the corruption problem on the agenda of major international institutions like International Monetary Fund, World Bank, World Trade Organisation, Transparency International and Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
Douglas A. Irvin (ed.). Free Trade under Fire. Princeton, NJ:
Princeton University Press. 2005. 294 pages. Price not given.
Authors: Iqbal Nasir
Published: August 2018

International trade around the world is growing rapidly and it
is very effective in improving the living standards of a nation, but
still free trade faces many critics. They complain that free trade
causes harmful economic adjustments, for example increase in
unemployment through the closing of factories etc. The critic further
object that the World Trade Organisation serves the interests of
international corporations, undercuts domestic environment regulations,
and erodes America’s sovereignty. Why has global trade become so
controversial? Does free trade deserve its bad reputations? These are
the questions which inspired the writer to work against these problems.
In “Free Trade under Fire”, the author discusses the misconceptions that
litter the debate over trade and gives the reader a clear understanding
of the issues involved. The aim of this book is to determine the effect
of economic, political and legal factors on the trade policy of the
United State.
Trends in Polarisation in Pakistan
Authors: Arshad Haadia , Idrees Muhammad
Published: August 2018

This study analyses the trends in polarisation in Pakistan, in
its rural and urban segments and its provinces, at the micro level
during the period 1992-93 to 2001-02. Estimations are made by using the
Bossert-Schworm measure (2006). The study finds fluctuating trends. In
general, polarisation declined in all regions of Pakistan during 1996-97
and 2001-02, while 1998-99 is the period of maximum polarisation.
Incorporating the household size reduces the extent of polarisation,
implying that ignoring the household size overestimates polarisation.
The comparison of trends in polarisation and income inequality shows
that generally the trends in inequality and polarisation are
similar.
Savitri Goonesekere (ed.). Violence, Law and Women’s Rights in
South Asia. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2004. 352 pages. Paperback.
Indian Rs 390.00.
Authors: Siddiqui Rehana
Published: August 2018

The book titled Violence, Law and Women’s Rights in South Asia
deals with a critically important issue for all countries, and
particularly so for South Asian countries. In the latter, despite
socio-cultural similarities, significant differences exist in handling
gender-based violence. The issues are linked to the socio-cultural norms
of the societies and the legal and institutional set-up prevailing in
each country—viz., India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. The present study was
initiated by United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM) in
collaboration with United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).
Crude Oil Price, Monetary Policy and Output: The Case of Pakistan
Authors: Afia Malik
Published: August 2018

Rapid rises in the prices of crude oil in the decade of 2000s have raised concerns among policy-makers around the world, as the theoretical and empirical literature has established that oil price shocks may have an adverse impact on the macro economy of the country. In particular, for the oil importing developing countries like Pakistan, this upward trend in the price of oil can have serious repercussions in terms of creating inflationary pressures in the economy, increasing budget deficit and balance of payment problems, and thus affecting the GDP growth. Pakistan was on the path of rising GDP growth in the first seven years of this decade. But in the year 2007-08, the situation has changed. This oil price shock could possibly be one of the reasons. As an impact of rising growth rate of GDP, demand for energy has also gone up rapidly in this period. In the energy mix for the year 2005-06, oil accounts for 32 percent of the total energy used in Pakistan, and it is the second largest source of energy used after natural gas, which accounts for 39 percent. With oil being the second largest source of energy used along with almost constant rate of its production Pakistan is heavily dependent on oil imports from Middle East exporters (Saudi Arab playing the lead role). Almost 82 percent of the demand for petroleum products in the country is met through imports.1 Pakistan spent about 44 percent of export earnings on oil imports in 2006-07. This percentage was only 27 percent in 2004-05. Therefore, the international oil price increase has a direct impact on the macro economy of the country, especially on the oil price GDP relationship. The share of net oil imports in GDP is an indicator of the relative importance of the oil price rise to the economy in terms of the potential adjustments needed to offset it. For Pakistan over the last few years, this ratio has risen from 3.13 in 1990-91 to -5.24 in 2005-06 [Malik (2007)]. With such a high ratio, unless country is running in surplus, or has extremely large foreign exchange reserves, high oil price is dealt by severe macro economic adjustments.
Economic Growth and Its Determinants in Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Shahbaz  , Muhammad Shahbaz
Published: August 2018

Economically developed countries have been able to reduce their poverty level, strengthen their social and political institutions, improve their quality of life, preserve natural environments and achieve political stability [Barro (1996); Easterly (1999); Dollar and Kraay (2002a); Fajnzylber, Lederman, et al. (2002)]. After the World War II, most of the countries adopted aggressive economic policies to improve the growth rate of real gross domestic product (GDP). The neoclassical growth models imply that during the evolution between steady states; technology, exogenous rate of savings, population growth and technical progress generate higher growth levels [Solow (1956)]. Endogenous growth model developed by Romer (1986) and Lucas (1988) argue that permanent increase in growth rate depends on the assumption of constant and increasing returns to capital.1 Similarly, Barro and Lee (1994) investigate the empirical association between human capital and economic growth. They seem to support endogenous growth model by Romer (1990) that highlight the role of human capital in economic activity. Fischer (1993) argues that long-term growth is negatively linked with inflation and positively correlated with better fiscal performance and factual foreign exchange markets. In the context of developing countries, investment both in capital and human capital, labour force, ability to adapt technological changes, open trade polices and low inflation are necessary for economic growth.
Empirical Investigation of Debt-Maturity Structure: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Attaullah Shah  , Shahid Ali Khan
Published: August 2018

We examine the empirical determinants of debt-maturity structure of 266 firms listed on the KSE over the period 2000 to 2004 using several variants of dynamic panel data models. We find mixed support for the agency cost hypothesis as our results show that debtmaturity increases with the size of the firm; however, growth options do not have any significant influence on debt-maturity structure. Our results lend unambiguous support to the maturity-matching hypothesis as debt-maturity varies inversely with operating activities and directly with the maturity of long-lived assets. Finally, we find evidence that supports the taxbased hypothesis but no evidence to support the signaling hypothesis. Moreover, the results demonstrate that there is a significant dynamic component in the determination of optimal debt-maturity structure of the sampled firms. JEL classification: G32 Keywords: Debt Maturity, Capital Structure, Panel Data, GMM, Pakistan.
Fabrication and Characterization of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell using Chemically Grown ZnS Nanoparticles
Authors: Bera Kamal , Saha Satyajit , Jana Paresh Chandra
Published: August 2018

In this work, we have fabricated dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on chemically grown ZnS nanoparticles with three different source of dye namely Gerbera jamesonii, Rosa indica and Acalypha wilkesiana leaves extract. Anthocyanin, a kind of natural dye found in the leaves of plants and flowers was used as photosensitizers in preparing dye-sensitized solar cell. The optical properties of anthocyanin present in three dyes were also studied. Morphological properties have been studied by atomic force microscopy on ZnS film as well as on ZnS film with dye. The current-voltage characteristics of the dye-sensitized solar cell had been studied in light condition. The DSSC is characterized by the measurement of open circuit voltage, short circuit current density; efficiency and fill factor. The efficiency of three dye solar cell is different and it is maximum for Acalypha wilkesiana leaves extract dye.
The Study of The Students’ Ability to Use Punctuation in Writing Skill
Authors: Yuliawati Fitrah , Nuriyanti Ika
Published: August 2018

Writing is one of the skills in English that should be mastered by students.  Writing is means of communication whereby writing transmit idea to the reader.  There are many steps in teaching writing skill. One of the steps is the teaching of punctuation.  Punctuation is an element that has an important role in writing. Punctuation refers to sign on marks used to clarify the writings’ idea and the readers can understand easily the meaning of the sentences. This research used qualitative research, because this research describes about the students’ ability to use punctuation in writing.  The research was conducted at Madura Islamic University. The result of this research found about to what extent students use the punctuation marks. Firstly, external punctuation. Secondly, internal punctuation. thirdly, pairs punctuation. Fourthly, special punctuation.
Forbidden formations in 0-1 matrices
Authors: Geneson Jesse
Published: August 2018

Keszegh (2009) proved that the extremal function $ex(n, P)$ of any forbidden light $2$-dimensional 0-1 matrix $P$ is at most quasilinear in $n$, using a reduction to generalized Davenport-Schinzel sequences. We extend this result to multidimensional matrices by proving that any light $d$-dimensional 0-1 matrix $P$ has extremal function $ex(n, P,d) = O(n^{d-1}2^{\alpha(n)^{t}})$ for some constant $t$ that depends on $P$. To prove this result, we introduce a new family of patterns called $(P, s)$-formations, which are a generalization of $(r, s)$-formations, and we prove upper bounds on their extremal functions. In many cases, including permutation matrices $P$ with at least two ones, we are able to show that our $(P, s)$-formation upper bounds are tight.
Efisiensi Penggunaan Faktor Produksi Tenaga Kerja dan Modal pada Usahatani Kedelai di Kelurahan Pamona Kecamatan Pamona Puselemba Kabupaten Poso
Authors: MAMONDOL MARIANNE REYNELDA
Published: August 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menganalisis efisiensi penggunaan faktor produksi tenaga kerja dan modal pada usahatani kedelai di Kelurahan Pamona Kecamatan Pamona Puselemba Kabupaten Poso dengan indikator berupa elastisitas faktor produksi, skala usaha, dan Nilai Produk Marginal (NPM). Subyek penelitian ialah 20 orang petani kedelai yang merupakan jumlah elemen populasi petani kedelai di Kelurahan Pamona. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan subyek penelitian dan pengisian kuisioner, lalu dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglas, perhitungan skala usaha, Nilai Produk Marginal (NPM), dan rasio NPM/HFP (Harga Faktor Produksi). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor produksi tenaga kerja memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap produksi kedelai (elastisitas input -1,38956), tidak efisien atau berlebihan (rasio NPM/HFP -3,466) dan perlu dikurangi penggunaannya untuk meningkatkan produksi. Sebaliknya, faktor produksi modal memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap produksi kedelai (elastisitas input 1,00099), belum efisien (rasio NPM/HFP 2,772) dan perlu ditambah penggunaannya agar produksi dan pendapatan produsen meningkat. Usahatani kedelai berada pada skala usaha menurun (decreasing return to scale) di mana peningkatan penggunaan faktor produksi tenaga kerja dan modal secara bersamaan menyebabkan penurunan produksi kedelai. Bimbingan teknis dan bantuan kredit untuk penyediaan modal uang tunai dibutuhkan oleh petani untuk mencapai efisiensi produksi usahatani kedelai.
Aktivasi Tanah Napa dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Adsorpsi Ion Timbal (II)/ Pb2+
Authors: Mawardi  , Yani Suci Rahma , Zainul Rahadian
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this research are to investigate the effect of activation at napa soil with HCl to it’s adsorption capacity on lead (II) ions; to characterize napa soil by XRF, XRD and FTIR instrument; and to investigate the effect of pH and initial concentration of lead (II) solution on the adsorption capacity of the activated napa soil with 0.2 M HCl. The activation of napa soil was performed by refluxing napa soil with a variation of concentration HCl (0.2, 0.5, 0.8 and 1 M) for 1 hour at 800 C. According to the research that has been done, obtained the adsorption capacity of the activated napa soil with 0.2 M HCl was 3.0203 mg/g, while the adsorption capacity of napa soil without activation was 3.6283 mg/g at the same condition. The analysis of XRD, XRF and FTIR showed that kaolinite structure in activated napa soil with 0.2 M HCl was demaged. Furthermore, the optimum condition for the adsorption of lead (II) ion on the activated napa soil with 0.2 M HCl is achieved at initial concentration of lead (II) solution of 200 ppm with pH 4.
THE INCREASING YIELD AND QUALITY OF WAXY CORN (Zea mays ceratina L.) THROUGH COCONUT ASH FERTILIZER APPLICATIONS
Authors: MAMONDOL MARIANNE REYNELDA
Published: August 2018

This research aims to find out the effect and functional relationship of coconut ash organic fertilizer application on the increasing yield and quality of waxy corn. There are seven treatments of coconut ash fertilizer dosage, i.e. 0.00 ton/ha, 0.75 ton/ha, 1.50 ton/ha, 2.25 ton/ha, 3.00 ton/ha, 3.75 ton/ha, and 4.50 ton/ha. Data is analyzed using one way anova, t test for 2 independent samples, and simple linear regression analysis. Fertilizer dosage has significant effect on ear height position from soil surface, the number of seed row on ear, ear weight with and without dried husk, waxy corn production with and without dried husk, and starch, amilose, and amilopectin contents. The highest average of ear height position and the amount of seed row is obtained at dosage 0.75 ton/ha. Dosage 2.25 ton/ha gives highest average for ear weight with and without dried husk, while dosage 3.75 ton/ha results highest average for variables of waxy corn production with and without dried husk. Dosage 3.75 ton/ha also gives highest average for starch and amilopectin contents and lowest average for amilose content. One way relationship happens between fertilizer dosage with ear height position, the amount of seed row, ear weight, waxy corn production, starch and amilopectin contents.
FACTORS AFFECTING COMPANY’S CAPABILITY IN PERFORMING INTEGRATED REPORTING: AN EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIAN COMPANIES
Authors: Kurniawan Putu Sukma
Published: August 2018

This study discusses the factors that affect the company's capability to perform integrated reporting. The independent variables in this study are the profitability of the company, company size, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and the stakeholder pressure with the dependent variable is the company’s capability in performing integrated reporting. This research used company that competed on Indonesia Sustainability Reporting Award and the companies listed on the SRI KEHATI stock index with the observation period during 2014-2016. The analysis used in testing the hypothesis is multiple linear regression analysis. Results show that company’s size and stakeholder’s pressure have a high connection with the company’s capability in performing integrated reporting.Keywords : integrated reporting; company’s profitability; company size; managerial ownership; institutional ownership; stakeholder’s pressure; company’s capability in performing integrated reporting
Finding an emotional face in the kindergarten – Happiness superiority effect for children faces in pre-schoolers
Authors: Zsido Andras N. , Ihasz Virag , Schacht Anne , Arato Nikolett , Inhof Orsolya , Budai Timea , Darnai Gergely
Published: August 2018

Previous studies investigating the advantage of emotional expressions in visual processing in preschool children only used adult faces. However, children perceive facial expression of emotions differently when displayed on adults’ compared to children’s faces. In the present study, pre-schoolers (N=43, Mean age=5.65) and adults (N=37, Mean age=21.8) had to find a target face displaying an emotional expression among eight neutral faces. Gender of the faces (boy and girl) were also manipulated. Happy faces were found the fastest across both samples. Children detected the angry face faster than the fearful one, while adults vice versa. However, an interaction in the adult sample suggests that this is only true for girls’ faces, while the difference was nonsignificant for boys’ faces. In both samples, the detection was faster with boys’ faces compare to girls’ for all emotions. It is suggested that the happy face could have an advantage in visual processing due to its importance in social situations.