bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Local Limit of Nonlocal Gravity: Cosmological Perturbations
Authors: Tabatabaei Javad , Banihashemi Abdolali , Baghram Shant , Mashhoon Bahram
Published: April 2024

We explore the cosmological implications of the local limit of nonlocal gravity, which is a classical generalization of Einstein’s theory of gravitation within the framework of teleparallelism. An appropriate solution of this theory is the modified Cartesian flat cosmological model. The main purpose of this paper is to study linear perturbations about the orthonormal tetrad frame field adapted to the standard comoving observers in this model. The observational viability of the perturbed model is examined using all available data regarding the cosmic microwave background. The implications of the linearly perturbed modified Cartesian flat model are examined and it is shown that the model is capable of alleviating the H
0 tension.
Testing Approximate Infrared Scattering Radiative-transfer Methods for Hot Jupiter Atmospheres
Authors: Lee Elspeth K. H.
Published: April 2024

The calculation of internal atmospheric (longwave) fluxes is a key component of any model of exoplanet atmospheres that requires radiative-transfer (RT) calculations. For atmospheres containing a strong scattering component such as cloud particles, most 1D multiple-scattering RT methods typically involve numerically expensive matrix inversions. This computational bottleneck is exacerbated when multitudes of RT calculations are required, such as in general circulation models (GCMs) and retrieval methods. In an effort to increase the speed of RT calculations without sacrificing too much accuracy, we investigate the applicability of approximate longwave scattering methods developed for the Earth science community to hot Jupiter atmospheres. We test the absorption approximation and variational iteration method (VIM) applied to typical cloudy hot Jupiter scenarios, using 64-stream DISORT calculations as reference solutions. We find the four-stream VIM variant is a highly promising method to explore for use in hot Jupiter GCM and retrieval modeling, and it shows excellent speed characteristics, with typical errors ∼1% for outgoing fluxes and within ∼50%, but with larger errors in the test case of a deep cloud layer, for vertical heating rates. Other methods explored in this study were found to typically produce similar error characteristics in vertical heating rates.
Prediction for Arrival Time and Parameters of Corotation Interaction Regions using Earth–Mars Correlated Events from Tianwen-1, MAVEN, and Wind Observations
Authors: Zhong Zhihui , Shen Chenglong , Chi Yutian , Mao Dongwei , Miao Bin , Fu Zhiyi , Liu Junyan , Sánchez-Cano Beatriz , Heyner Daniel , Wang Yuming
Published: April 2024

Using the Stream Interaction Regions list from the Tianwen-1/Mars Orbiter Magnetometer (MOMAG) data between 2021 November and 2021 December and from Wind observations, we present an accurate prediction for the arrival time and in situ parameters of corotating interaction regions (CIRs) when the Earth and Mars have large longitudinal separations. Since CIRs were detected earlier at Earth than at Mars during the period examined, we employ Earth-based CIR detections for predicting CIR observations at Mars. The arrival time is calculated by the Parker spiral model under the assumption of steady corotation of the Sun and coronal holes, while the in situ parameters are derived from Wind data through radial dependent scaling laws. The CIR prediction results are compared to the actual observations obtained from the MOMAG and Mars Ion and Neutral Particle Analyzer instruments onboard Tianwen-1, as well as the Magnetometer and Solar Wind Ion Analyzer instruments onboard MAVEN. The predicted arrival time is close to the observed values with relative errors less than 10%, and the expected in situ data show a good consistency with the Martian measurements. The comparison results indicate that the prediction method has good performance and will be helpful for comparative analysis with Tianwen-1 observations at Mars in the future.
Persistent Upflows and Downflows at Active Region Boundaries Observed by SUTRI and AIA
Authors: Wu Yuchuan , Hou Zhenyong , Li Wenxian , Bai Xianyong , Song Yongliang , Yang Xiao , Hu Ziyao , Deng Yuanyong , Ji Kaifan
Published: April 2024

Upflows and downflows at active region (AR) boundaries have been frequently observed with spectroscopic observations at extreme ultraviolet passbands. In this paper, we report the coexistence of upflows and downflows at the AR boundaries with imaging observations from the Solar Upper Transition Region Imager (SUTRI) and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA). With their observations from 2022 September 21 to 2022 September 30, we find 17 persistent opposite flows occurring along the AR coronal loops. The upflows are prominent in the AIA 193 Å images with a velocity of 50–200 km s−1, while the downflows are best seen in the SUTRI 465 Å and AIA 131 Å images with a slower velocity of tens of kilometers per second (characteristic temperatures (log T(K)) for 193, 465, and 131 Å are 6.2, 5.7, and 5.6, respectively). We also analyze the center-to-limb variation of the velocities for both upflows and downflows. The simultaneous observations of downflows and upflows can be explained by the chromosphere–corona mass-cycling process, in which the localized chromospheric plasma is impulsively heated to coronal temperature forming a upflow and then these upflows experience radiative cooling producing a downflow with the previously heated plasma returning to the lower atmosphere. In particular, the persistent downflows seen by SUTRI provide strong evidence of the cooling process in the mass cycle. For upflows associated with open loops, part of the plasma is able to escape outward and into the heliosphere as solar wind.
A Uniformly Selected Sample of Low-mass Black Holes in Seyfert 1 Galaxies. III. Radio Sources from the SKA Pathfinders and Beyond
Authors: Wu Jin-Zhi , Dong Xiao-Bo , Qian Lei , Liu Wen-Juan , Xie Fu-Guo , Peng Bo
Published: April 2024

Occupying the intermediate-mass regime of the accretion-jet parameter space, radio continuum emission from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with black hole mass M
BH ≲ 106
M
⊙ (low-mass AGNs) is a valuable probe to the physics of relativistic jets. Yet the number of low-mass AGNs with radio detection is rather limited so far (≈40 in total). In this work, we make two efforts to search for radio counterparts for the largest sample of optically selected low-mass AGNs. First, we collect counterparts from the recent data releases of Square Kilometre Array (SKA) pathfinders such as LOFAR Two-meter Sky Survey (LoTSS). Additionally, we deeply mine in Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters (FIRST), fitting the FIRST images of the optical AGNs with an elaborate procedure optimized to detect faint radio sources. We have obtained 151 radio sources (mainly from the SKA pathfinders), including 102 new reliable sources (signal-to-noise ratio, hereafter S/N, ≥ 5) and 23 new candidates (3.5 ≤ S/N < 5). The majority of these new sources (119 of 125) have flux densities lower than the threshold of the official FIRST catalog. The new sources have rest-frame 20 cm power (P
20 cm) from 1.98 × 1020 to 1.29 × 1023 W Hz−1. For low-z Seyfert galaxies, P
20 cm correlates with M
BH intrinsically and positively, yet only marginally with Eddington ratio L/L
Edd. In terms of the log N–log S relation for the expanding Universe, the limiting flux density for the completeness of our LoTSS sources turns out to be 0.45 mJy at 1.4 GHz; i.e., complete to such a flux-density level that is 4 times deeper than the official FIRST catalog.
Le changement de langue en matière judiciaire dans l’arrondissement judiciaire de bruxelles : un petit village (pas du tout gaulois) résiste encore et toujours à l’envahisseur !
Authors: Dewit Bernard , Van Gheluwe Catherine
Published: April 2024

Le présent article rappelle les principes de base relatifs à la question du changement de langue en matière judiciaire et décrit plus précisément leur application dans l’arrondissement de Bruxelles-Hal-Vilvorde. Il critique la jurisprudence du Tribunal de police de Hal qui s’écarte du texte et de l’esprit de la loi.
La responsabilité du fait des médicaments
Authors: de Callataÿ Marie-Hélène
Published: April 2024

La problématique de la responsabilité des médicaments peut concerner différents acteurs, qui produisent, administrent ou fournissent ces produits. Il n’existe pas en droit belge de dispositions spécifiques relatives à l’indemnisation d’un préjudice corporel lié à la prise d’un médicament. Le patient victime d’un dommage lié à un médicament n’est cependant pas dépourvu d’armes juridiques pour intenter une action en justice.
Nouvelle augmentation des indemnités de procédure
Authors: Willocx Harold
Published: April 2024

L’importante inflation à laquelle nous sommes actuellement confrontés ne conduit pas seulement à la hausse des prix de l’énergie, mais également à la hausse du coût des procédures judiciaires.
Éditorial
Authors: Partene Elena
Published: April 2024

Le terme « existence » témoigne d’une équivocité remarquable, dont rendent compte ses concepts successifs. Nous esquissons quelques étapes d’une histoire mouvementée, qui conduit du contexte théologique de son invention, à l’avènement d’une acception anthropologique, aujourd’hui dominante. Inventée pour désigner l’être du Christ, l’existence sera investie par les médiévaux pour penser l’être créé : exister, c’est causer, ou être hors de ses causes, ou encore être hors de l’esprit (existence exposée). Cette double extériorité conduit à une impasse, que résout la modernité en faisant de l’être pensant, spécialement de l’ego cogito, le premier existant. Exister, c’est être senti, mais aussi sentir (existence imposée) : l’existence devient alors immanente et inhérente à la subjectivité humaine.
L’existence comme inessentiel dans les Entretiens au bord de la mer d’Alain
Authors: Leterre Thierry
Published: April 2024

Le texte des Entretiens au bord de la mer ne porte pas, comme le sous-titre « recherche de l’entendement » pourrait le faire penser, sur les facultés du sujet, mais explore la relation entre l’entendement et l’existence. L’entendement, en tant que faculté du rationnel nous conduit à considérer l’existence comme un pur rapport d’extériorité entre des choses qui ne sont jamais des choses en soi, définies de manière inhérente. Singulièrement, cette pensée, loin de s’affirmer comme un dualisme ou un idéalisme, s’articule à une philosophie de l’être, fondée sur un principe de non-dualité.
Entretien avec Pierre Manent
Authors: De Ligio Giulio , Louis Adrien
Published: April 2024

Depuis plusieurs décennies, la philosophie politique, les sciences sociales et le militantisme débattent de l’extension du concept de « travail » aux activités domestiques, sociales ou digitales. Pour la sociologue Marie-Anne Dujarier, c’est le signe d’un « trouble » du concept, qu’il faudrait abandonner. À partir des terrains sociologiques des communautés utopiques de Michel Lallement et des plateformes digitales d’Antonio Casilli, nous proposons une redéfinition qui en conserve l’unité, tout en permettant son extension à d’autres activités : le travail est une relation de commanditaire à commandité qui oriente de façon non-spontanée le second vers les besoins du premier, qu’il accepte de satisfaire contre compensation. Le concept est alors opératoire pour l’analyse comme les luttes sociales de reconnaissance.
Transgressions
Authors: Ciavaldini André
Published: April 2024

Sur la base des résultats de la recherche française de 1996 sur les auteurs de violences sexuelles, cet article présente l’évolution qu’a connue, depuis vingt ans, l’étude de leur psychopathologie. L’article indique le développement clinique de points majeurs : le traitement de la sensorialité, les processus d’affectation, la symbolisation primaire, l’acte conçu comme une archéométaphore et la place du sexuel infantile ainsi que la nécessité de tisser des cadres thérapeutiques malléables, aménageables pour que les acteurs civilisationnels, auxquels ont affaire ces auteurs de violences (sphère de la justice, du soin et de l’insertion sociale), deviennent des “partenaires” thérapeutiques de croissance culturelle sur la voie d’une désistance qui ne peut passer que par la subjectivation de leurs actes.
Transgressions
Authors: Chouvier Bernard
Published: April 2024

Le fanatisme repose sur l’inversion des valeurs vitales qui conduit à l’exaltation de la destructivité. L’idéologie radicale qui sous-tend les passages à l’acte du fanatique n’est qu’une caricature du politique comme du religieux. Au terme d’un processus d’emprise totale, l’adepte est prêt au sacrifice de soi pour réaliser le triomphe d’une idéalité pervertie. L’action violente qu’il met en œuvre représente une mise en scène apocalyptique ouvrant à la réalisation fantasmée de la fusion avec l’objet.
Transgressions
Authors: Chagnon Jean-Yves
Published: April 2024

À travers l’étude d’un meurtre ayant défrayé la chronique il y a quelques années par sa mise en acte/scène macabre (victimes homosexuelles enterrées vivantes, bâillonnées, en face-à-face), l’auteur soutient la perspective psychocriminologique psychanalytique « française ». Le passage à l’acte criminel a du sens au triple sens de signification, direction, sensorialité. Ces perspectives complexifient l’utilisation « aveuglante » du concept de perversion / perversité pour rendre compte de ce type de criminalité.
Transgressions
Authors: Brun Anne
Published: April 2024

Les enjeux et les logiques des transgressions délinquantes et criminelles apparaissent particulièrement au cours du travail thérapeutique en groupe à médiations. Cet article propose d’interroger d’abord la nature des transgressions les plus fréquentes qui se manifestent au sein des groupes thérapeutiques pour patients délinquants et criminels, dans le cadre spécifique de la prison, et leurs modalités de traitement au sein même du cadre thérapeutique, afin de dégager les logiques de ces processus transgressifs. Dans cet objectif, les groupes thérapeutiques d’écriture en prison, puis les groupes thérapeutiques à médiations sensorielles, par exemple médiation olfactive sensorielle ou médiation picturale, permettent de mettre en lumière les principaux processus sous-jacents aux actes des auteurs de transgressions délinquantes et criminelles : les processus de symbolisation mis en œuvre dans les médiations thérapeutiques relèvent essentiellement d’une symbolisation à partir de la sensorimotricité, et ils mobilisent le registre de l’hallucination. À l’appui du constat de l’omniprésence d’une sorte de décomposition de la sensorialité, sous le signe de vécus catastrophiques comme des vécus d’explosion, de mutilation, de vidage, l’hypothèse mise au travail dans cet article est que le transfert de la sensorialité des patients sur un medium sensoriel, présenté par des cliniciens, leur permet d’évoluer de cette sensorialité démantelée et destructive, à une recomposition sensorielle, un remantèlement, une réorganisation du registre sensorimoteur dans le lien au medium malléable.
L’Entr’Aide des Marolles
Authors: Damhuis Lotte
Published: April 2024

Les nouveaux dispositifs déployés au sein des quartiers dans les domaines du social et de la santé gagnent en intérêt, principalement politique. Pourtant, à l’origine, tout service s’adaptait au territoire dans lequel il se déployait. Ni la mobilité ni la digitalisation ne facilitaient le recours à des aides et à du soin en dehors des quartiers de vie. L’Entr’Aide des Marolles est une institution bruxelloise qui héberge des services d’aide sociale et de santé depuis près de cent ans. Nous avons demandé à Alain Caufriez, coordinateur du Centre d’action sociale globale et à François Baufay, directeur de l’Entr’Aide, ce qui fait la spécificité de l’offre de l’institution et comment son inscription territoriale a évolué au cours des décennies.
Intervention microterritoriale
Authors: Vleminckx Justine
Published: April 2024

À Bruxelles, dans le contexte de sortie de crise sanitaire (2021), de nouveaux dispositifs d’intervention sociale, déployés dans une diversité de quartiers dits « précarisés », ont vu le jour avec pour finalité initiale d’agir localement contre les déterminants sociaux de la non-vaccination. Cet article s’intéresse à l’un d’entre eux : le BRI-Co. Il met en lumière les limites et les opportunités d’un tel projet, porté par une association de seconde ligne, avec pour ambition d’engager une diversité d’acteurs locaux volontaires (habitant·es, associatifs et institutions publiques) dans l’amélioration des conditions de vie des microterritoires bruxellois.
Heurs et malheurs des relations humains-animaux
Authors: Van Campenhoudt Luc
Published: April 2024

L’erreur serait de penser que le sort des animaux ne concerne que les seuls animaux. Ce que l’homme fait à l’animal le transforme lui-même. Qu’il craigne ou chérisse l’animal, s’en nourrisse ou le nourrisse, le chasse ou l’évite, l’extermine ou le protège… la relation que l’homme instaure avec lui change en profondeur l’existence de l’un comme de l’autre. Elle s’inscrit dans une très longue histoire, dans des rapports sociaux et techniques ainsi que dans des écosystèmes dont elle est constitutive. À l’heure d’aujourd’hui, où la question environnementale est centrale, les relations humains-animaux sont, plus que jamais, l’enjeu de conflits sociaux, culturels, politiques et communautaires. D’où l’importance et l’intérêt d’examiner comment elles se sont développées au fil du temps. Dans cet ouvrage, elles sont étudiées comme les combinaisons de trois processus de domestication : la domestication-production, la domestication-familiarité et la domestication-durabilité.
Inégalités de genre face à l’inaptitude au travail
Authors: Gaboriau Marion
Published: April 2024

À partir d’une enquête sociologique au sein de la Ville de Paris, cet article propose d’objectiver statistiquement et d’analyser qualitativement les inégalités sociales et genrées en matière de reconnaissance d’inaptitude pour raison de santé dans la fonction publique. Il s’agit en particulier de comprendre la surreprésentation des femmes de service et du care parmi les agent·es déclaré·es inaptes, en l’étudiant au regard de leurs activités de travail particulièrement pénibles mais peu reconnues comme telles, de leurs statuts d’emploi plus souvent précaires et de leurs trajectoires socio-professionnelles plus décousues. La reconnaissance d’inaptitude semble fonctionner comme un pis-aller et constituer un statut de relégation pour les femmes qui ne bénéficient pas de droits plus protecteurs et/ou de ressources (protections statutaires ou collectives, retraite anticipée pour pénibilité), leur permettant de faire face au dispositif ou de s’en détourner quand elles ont plus à y perdre qu’à y gagner.
Justice et maux du travail : une invisibilisation genrée
Authors: Serre Delphine
Published: April 2024

Quand les salarié·es du privé n’obtiennent pas la reconnaissance de leur accident du travail ou de leur maladie professionnelle, elles et ils peuvent saisir le juge pour contester le refus de la Sécurité sociale. À partir d’une enquête dans huit tribunaux, l’article étudie comment la mise en œuvre du droit reproduit ou atténue les effets inégalitaires de la division sexuée du travail et des expositions aux risques professionnels. Les requérant·es, majoritairement de classes populaires, partagent la même dépossession à l’égard de leur procédure mais ont des chances inégales d’obtenir gain de cause selon leur sexe. Les juges, qui revendiquent une neutralité dans le traitement des femmes et des hommes, contribuent par leurs décisions à produire des discriminations indirectes à l’égard des travailleuses en appliquant un droit standard, et souvent construit au masculin neutre, à des situations distinctes et inégalitaires de fait et en renforçant une hiérarchie genrée des maux du travail.
The impact of ESG performance on the credit risk of listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges
Authors: Wu Mengze , Xie Dejun
Published: April 2024

A more precise and rigorous assessment of the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance in business necessitates evaluating various firm characteristics. This study, focused on the ESG impact on enterprise credit risk, employed logistic models that incorporated the ESG rating index alongside other financial-related factors, including organizational structure, risk, and performance. The data were selected from all related listing companies in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges. The results affirmed that (1) the risk of default decreased with improved ESG performance; (2) the return on assets, asset turnover ratio, leverage ratio, and operating income growth rate were the main financial factors affecting the default probability of enterprises; and (3) including ESG variables in the prediction model significantly improved the prediction accuracy of the model. The potential policy implications are presented in three perspectives. Businesses should prioritize developing good governance, fulfilling social obligations, and protecting the environment. Second, investors should integrate ESG ratings when making investment strategies. Third, the regulatory authorities are recommended to rapidly harmonize the ESG rating criteria and gradually develop the enterprise ESG information disclosure framework.
Advancing Brain Tumor Segmentation in MRI Scans: Hybrid Attention-Residual UNET with Transformer Blocks
Authors: Xavier P Sobha , Sathish P K  , Raju G
Published: April 2024

Accurate segmentation of brain tumors is vital for effective treatment planning, disease diagnosis, and monitoring treatment outcomes. Post-surgical monitoring, particularly for recurring tumors, relies on MRI scans, presenting challenges in segmenting small residual tumors due to surgical artifacts. This emphasizes the need for a robust model with superior feature extraction capabilities for precise segmentation in both pre- and post-operative scenarios. The study introduces the Hybrid Attention-Residual UNET with Transformer Blocks (HART-UNet), enhancing the U-Net architecture with a spatial self-attention module, deep residual connections, and RESNET50 weights. Trained on BRATS’20 and validated on Kaggle LGG and BTC_ postop datasets, HART-UNet outperforms established models (UNET, Attention UNET, UNET++, and RESNET 50), achieving Dice Coefficients of 0.96, 0.97, and 0.88, respectively. These results underscore the model’s superior segmentation performance, marking a significant advancement in brain tumor analysis across pre- and post-operative MRI scans.
Unveiling the Landscape of Big Data Analytics in Healthcare: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Mohd Amran Mohd Daril  , Fozia Fatima  , Samar Raza Talpur  , Alhamzah F. Abbas
Published: April 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of healthcare, the digital transformation marked by healthcare 4.0 has spurred a surge in data generation, giving rise to ‘big data’. Big data analytics has become an effective tool in the healthcare industry, revolutionising medical research, patient care, and healthcare management. This study undertakes a meticulous bibliometric analysis, drawing upon a dataset of 2212 articles from the Scopus database spanning 2014 to 2023, to unravel the trajectory of big data analytics in healthcare. The research explores diverse dimensions, from the distribution of studies across years to the productivity rankings of journals, countries, and institutions, elucidating the evolving trends and key contributors. Co-authorship networks and keyword co-occurrence analysis reveal thematic clusters and intellectual structures, contributing to a nuanced understanding of the field. The results underscore the escalating global interest in the fusion of big data and healthcare, illuminating collaborations, and identifying influential players. Additionally, the study identifies pressing challenges, including security concerns and skill shortages, emphasizing the imperative of overcoming these barriers for effective big data applications in healthcare. Serving as a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers, this research not only captures the current landscape but also provides insights for future exploration, contributing to strategic planning in this dynamic domain.
Modern Methods of Purification of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewater
Authors: Mirbabayev Miryusif , Bahramova Gulnar
Published: April 2024

Purification of heavy metal ions from wastewater is of prime importance for a clean environment and human health. Different reported methods were devoted to heavy metal ions removal from various wastewater sources. These methods could be classified into adsorption-, membrane-, chemical-, electric-, and photocatalytic-based treatments. This article reviews and discusses these methods in terms of used agents/adsorbents, removal efficiency, operating conditions, and the pros and cons of each method. Generally, it was noticed that most of the recent studies have focused on adsorption techniques. Even though the chemical and membrane methods are practical, the large-volume sludge formation and post-treatment requirements are vital issues that need to be solved for chemical techniques. Fouling and scaling inhibition could lead to further improvement in membrane separation.
Analysis of Operating Benefits of Modern Wind Turbines
Authors: Hasanova Laman , Aliyev Hikmet , Sydykova Gulnar
Published: April 2024

A new approach has been proposed for determining the operating benefits of wind turbines equipped with various electromechanical systems, the essence of which is a comparative analysis of changes in the wind energy utilization rate as a function of wind speed for compared wind turbines.
Requirements Definition, Modeling, and Simulation of Control Units of an Electrohydraulic Power Amplifier
Authors: Korobatov Denis , Baturin Alexey , Ardashev Dmitry V. , Abbasova Heyran
Published: April 2024

The paper discusses the basic requirements and provides calculations and results of modeling and simulation for an electronic control unit of an electrohydraulic power amplifier. It is shown that data exchange interfaces have the greatest influence on the choice of the element base for the implementation of the control unit. In particular, the implementation of the Ethernet interface may cause the greatest difficulty. The organization of the transport and logical levels of exchange in Ethernet is much more complex than, for example, in the RS-485 interface widely used in automation systems. The results of modeling the power part of the control unit, made according to the bridge scheme, using algorithms for pulse voltage regulation on the armature winding of an electromechanical converter are presented. A step-up voltage converter has been introduced into the power unit, controlled synchronously with a bridge converter to reduce the influence of electromagnetic radiation on the information components of the control unit. A dynamic model of a tracking system for regulating the position of the spool is investigated.
Increasing the Energy Efficiency of Heat Exchanger Devices
Authors: Kalbaliyev Rufat , Akhmedova-Azizova Lala , Nasibova Ulviyye
Published: April 2024

Studying the temperature regimes affecting the durability of the metal wall of heat exchanger pipes helps identify ways to enhance efficiency in heat exchange processes. One of the key factors determining the temperature regime of the pipe wall is the heat transfer. One of the main factors contributing to an increase in heat transfer is the intensification of heat exchange.
Energy Efficiency as Driver of Sustainable Development
Authors: Sydykova Gulnar , Pashayeva Matanat , Mammadov Fariz , Makhsud Zhasulan
Published: April 2024

Key directions of socio-economic development of resource-rich countries such as Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan necessitate enhancing level of energy efficiency and energy effectiveness as main drivers of sustainable development in the different sectors of national economies, given the need for sustainable development. With inclining trend of green energy transition in these countries as elsewhere, they have started to prioritize energy efficiency, as well as its development across sectors of national economies. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that energy efficiency is the key driver for development of economies as inefficient use of energy in all the sectors of the national economies impedes sustainable development and dynamic growth of national domestic product. The result of this study presents data reflecting actual structure of availability and use of energy resources, which allows to identify necessary resources for ensuring sustainable social and economic development. Among others, availability of effective decision making framework become important not only in terms of use of fuel and energy resources, but also in development of country specific approach and strategy for enabling and maintaining energy efficiency and energy effectiveness, and sustaining momentum as a whole.
Classification of Susbsea Construction Vessels and Evaluation of Study Effectiveness
Authors: Bashirov Rasim , Abdullayev Oyrad
Published: April 2024

The main technological equipment of subsea construction vessel is diving complexes and hardware, in various combinations thereof. It is proposed to link the task of classifying vessels of this class with the classification of the subsea equipment they serve, in order to form the basic data of a perspective vessel. For this purpose, an analysis of function of subsea construction vessel was carried out and their design features were determined. Using the analysis performed, a first approximation evaluation of study effectiveness was carried out. The analysis of the results and the search for the optimal solution makes it possible at subsequent stages of research to develop a methodology for finding the optimal solution when choosing equipment.
Application of Volterra İntegral Equations and Discrete Borel Transformations to Transient Switching Modes of Networks and Systems
Authors: Hasanov Gara , Aliyev Shamkhal
Published: April 2024

Calculations and analyzes of transient processes during switching and short circuits on the section of the electrical network and systems involved in power transmission lines are a rather complex problem. Inaccuracies made in the choice of equivalent circuits and calculations using the MATLAB Simuling programs and others increase the errors. In a number of cases of automatic reclosing, and in problems with nonzero initial conditions, transient processes require special calculation programs. The analysis of transient processes plays a special role in the selection of elements of relay protection and automation systems in the analysis of design calculations. In many cases, when carrying out computational project work, rather expensive, sometimes not very accurate programs and software are used. Therefore, carrying out design calculations for simple cases of switching and short-circuit, sometimes turns into inadequate and undeserved dependence on foreign specialists. The presented article examines the results of transient processes and voltages when the transmission line is turned on to a sinusoidal voltage source and, as a result, automatic reclosing.
Formation of Shaft Accuracy during Mechanical Processing on CNC Machines
Authors: Abbasov Vagif , Amirov Fariz , Amirli Samir , Hasanli Shalala , Frana Karel
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the study of the deformation of shafts with a diameter of ø30mm and a length of 400 mm during processing on CNC lathes. Experiments have revealed that during rough turning of the shafts, the magnitude of shaft deformation is 2.2-2.5 times greater compared to finish turning. It has been determined that during processing shafts on a CNC lathe, the maximum deformation is observed near the tailstock side of the machine.
Influence of Technological Factors on the Performance and Aging Process of Oil Pumpjack
Authors: Aliyev Alesker , Aliyeva Sevda , Fataliyev Veli
Published: April 2024

The oil industry plays a key role in the global economy, providing raw materials and energy to various industries. The performance and reliability of pumping units in the oil industry are critical to ensure the smooth production of oil and gas. Pumpjacks in the oil industry are exposed to extreme conditions such as high loads, corrosion, aggressive environments and high temperatures. The study of technological factors that affect the performance and aging of these pumpjacks shows the development of specialized materials, designs and maintenance methods adapted to such conditions. Regular repairs, replacements or breakdowns of pumpjacks can result in significant operating costs for oil companies. The study of technological factors affecting the aging and performance of pumpjack helps to optimize maintenance processes and prevent unexpected breakdowns, which leads to lower operating costs. The performance of pumpjacks in the oil industry is directly related to the safety of personnel and the prevention of environmental accidents. Non-compliance of technological factors with safety requirements can have serious consequences, including accidents and environmental pollution. Considering the importance of the oil industry, its specific operating conditions, economic and environmental consequences, the study of the influence of technological factors on the performance and aging process of pumpjacks is of high relevance and a priority task for ensuring the efficiency and safety of operations in oil industry.
Sorbents Based on Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Release of Tetracyclines for Water Treatment
Authors: Vazirova Leyla , Abbasova Govhar
Published: April 2024

The aim of the research was to establish and produce unfamiliar magnetic absorbents based on a commonly accessible specimen containing crown ethers via iron nanoparticles (magnetite), investigation their structural, magnetic, and absorbance properties, and analyze the possible utilization of these sorbents for the sorption and accumulation of tetracyclines. New crown complexes with biological prop ethers have been created, and the structure of the produced crown complexes has been determined using elemental analysis data from studies of these samples' IR, mass, and NMR spectra. According to the contact duration between the phases, the pH and solution's composition, the structure of tetracyclines, and their concentration, an organized research of the sorption of tetracycline on a magnetic composite with crown ethers was conducted as a component of the study. Crown ethers and Fe3O4 (CE@Fe3O4NPs) nanoparticles were produced under certain conditions, and the composites' magnetic and structural characteristics were evaluated. Tetracyclines were evaluated for their ability to bind to the nanostructures produced by CE@Fe3O4 NPs. These structures have no negative effects and remain safe for consumption. Crown ethers are currently produced using novel techniques, and new magnetic sorbents made with crown ethers and Fe3O4 nanoparticles have also been developed. It has been shown that magnetic sorbents composed of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and crown ethers have superparamagnetic characteristics. The research in consideration identifies and discusses the characteristics of tetracyclines' sorption behavior. There are several methods for concentrating tetracyclines for sorption onto a magnetic sorbent using Fe3O4 nanoparticles and crown ethers from aqueous solutions. Our research has demonstrated, using the example of produced CE@Fe3O4 NPs nanostructures, that mixing the nanotechnological approach with the methods of supramolecular chemistry offers a large adsorption effectiveness.
Issues Practical Implementation of the Receiving System Infrared Space Telescopes and Testing it at Low Temperatures
Authors: Maherramov Vaqif
Published: April 2024

To clarify the physical basis for creating an infrared telescope, an equation was obtained that describes the dispersion of the error in measuring the input flux against the background noise. For the first time, a three-beam spatial modulation method has been developed, which provides increased accuracy of infrared observations during astrophysical studies of space objects and a precision scanning device with compensation for inertia force, and it was found that when testing a scanning device made of Al-Cu-Mg D16T1 alloy, the cooling process of the stationary part of the device occurs slowly than the scanning part with an average temperature difference about 20°.
Respiratory alkalosis in the acute hypoxemic patient during non-invasive mechanical ventilation: troubleshooting and prognostic relevance
Authors: De Leo Giancarlo , Pinto Luigi , Maiellari Michele , Tedeschi Ersilia , Bitetto Michele
Published: April 2024

Respiratory alkalosis is one of the four basic disturbances to the acid-base equilibrium. Persistent primary respiratory alkalosis during non-invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure could be a risk factor for NIV failure. A 69-year-old man with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure caused by severe COVID-19 pneumonia demonstrated progressive worsening of gas exchange and clinical conditions. Despite a positive response to noninvasive mechanical ventilation, a therapeutic increase in respiratory support was required.
Epidural Catheterization in Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Risk Assessment of Epidural Hematoma
Authors: Laferrière-Langlois Pascal , Jeffries Sean , Harutyunyan Robert , Hemmerling Thomas M.
Published: April 2024

The potential benefits of epidural anesthesia on mortality, atrial fibrillation, and pulmonary complications must be weighed against the risk of epidural hematoma associated with intraoperative heparinization. This study aims to provide an updated assessment of the clinical risks of epidural anesthesia in cardiac surgery, focusing on the occurrence of epidural hematomas and subsequent paralysis. A systematic search of Embase, Medline, Ovid Central, Web of Science, and PubMed was conducted to identify relevant publications between 1966 and 2022. Two independent reviewers assessed the eligibility of the retrieved manuscripts. Studies reporting adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery with epidural catheterization were included. The incidence of hematomas was calculated by dividing the number of hematomas by the total number of patients in the included studies. Risk calculations utilized various denominators based on the rigor of trial designs, and the risks of hematoma and paralysis were compared to other commonly encountered risks. The analysis included a total of 33,089 patients who underwent cardiac surgery with epidural catheterization. No epidural hematomas were reported across all published RCTs, prospective, and retrospective trials. Four case reports associated epidural hematoma with epidural catheterization and perioperative heparinization. The risks of epidural hematoma and subsequent paralysis were estimated at 1:7643 (95% CI 1:3860 to 380,916) and 1:10,190 (95% CI 1:4781 to 0:1), respectively. The risk of hematoma is similar to the non-obstetric population (1:5405; 95% CI 1:4784 to 6134). The risk of hematoma in cardiac surgery patients receiving epidural anesthesia is therefore similar to that observed in some other surgical non-obstetric populations commonly exposed to epidural catheterization.
Large Saddle Pulmonary Embolism Safely Managed by Ultrasonic-supported Catheter-directed Thrombolytic Therapy
Authors: Lochan Rajeev , Raya Momen
Published: April 2024

A 40-year-old patient confirmed on computed tomography of the pulmonary arteries (CT/PAs) a large saddle pulmonary embolus in the main PA extending in both branches. He was managed by ultrasound-supported catheter-directed (EkoSonic, Boston Scientific) intrapulmonary thrombolytic therapy using a recombinant tissue plasminogen activator prolonged infusion over 16 h with a total dose of 50 mg divided in both PAs simultaneously with intravenous unfractionated heparin. He showed clinical improvement with improved arterial oxygen (PaO2) with reduced oxygen therapy with a nasal cannula. Follow-up right heart catheterization showed a significant reduction of PA pressure from 96/32 (mean 64) to 47/27 (mean 39) mmHg. Repeat pulmonary angiography showed significant improvement in PA branch opacification, suggesting increased flow and successful therapy. The patient received oral anticoagulants for months. He had followed with CT/PA and echocardiogram after 4 weeks, both were normalized. He resumed his regular physical activities, including exercises in the gymnasium.
Internal Mammary Artery–saphenous Vein Y Anastomosis in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting – Is there a Possibility of Coronary Steal?
Authors: Kumar Sathish , Pandey Pratik
Published: April 2024

Recent advances in coronary revascularization include total arterial grafting, however, in a few cases, harvesting the right internal thoracic artery (RITA) is not possible due to various reasons. In such cases, where the aorta is also calcified, few surgeons perform Y anastomosis configuration with the left internal thoracic artery(LITA) and saphenous vein which can have disastrous complications. Our patient is a 65-year-old man who was diagnosed with multivessel coronary disease and presented with a coronary steal during coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. The RITA was not harvested due to osteoporosis sternum. LITA–saphenous vein Y anastomosis configuration was done as the aorta was calcified. The anastomosis was done between the LITA to the left anterior descending (LAD) artery and the Y arm saphenous vein was anastomosed to an obtuse marginal (OM)branch. He developed coronary steal following anastomosis of the Y graft to the OM branch. The patient had ischemic changes inside the operation theatre in LAD territory, hence grafts were revised following which the patient became stable. There is a high possibility of a coronary steal when the caliber of the Y arm does not match with the LITA. LITA–saphenous vein Y anastomosis can cause more complications as the saphenous vein is much bigger in caliber compared to the LITA.
Acute Triple Coronary Artery Occlusion Leading to Cardiogenic Shock and Cardiac Arrest Emphasizing the Role of Mechanical Circulatory Support (Escalate before It’s Too Late)
Authors: Abdelghani Mohamed Salah , Al-Termanini Mohammad , Shehadeh Mohanad , Baroudy Ghiath , Al Suwaidi Jassim , Arabi Abdulrahman
Published: April 2024

We report a case of cardiac arrest in a 38-year-old male with no past medical history who presented as a case of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, and coronary angiography showed triple coronary artery thrombosis complicated with cardiogenic shock (CS) that warrants starting on inotropic support and insertion of intra-aortic balloon pump. CS diagnosis with a high likelihood of deterioration was established based on hemodynamics assessment; hence, an early prompt decision for escalation of mechanical circulatory support to Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) was made, which helped to prevent the patient’s further deterioration and organ damage. The patient had uneventful VA-ECMO decannulation and was transferred to the ward and discharged after 28 days in stable condition on oral medical therapy and was following up regularly in the cardiology clinic. Therefore, early hemodynamics assessment in acute myocardial infarction CS cases will help predict rapid worsening, which may require prompt escalation of mechanical circulatory support and perhaps improve the outcome.
The Results of Urgent and Emergent Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair (MitraClip®): A Comparison with Standard Elective Repair
Authors: Al-Tawil Mohammed , Sunny Jesvin T. , Goulden Christopher J. , Akhteruzzaman Tahiyyah , Alqeeq Basel F. , Harky Amer
Published: April 2024

Background:

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the most common valvular disease worldwide. MR has been managed surgically, with either a mitral valve replacement or repair. Percutaneous transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr) with MitraClip® insertion has gained wide popularity and success over medical and surgical therapy for MR. Some patients with acute MR or decompensated heart failure could benefit from urgent TMVr. This meta-analysis aims to compare clinical outcomes of urgent versus elective TMVr.

Methods:

We performed a study-level meta-analysis to compare the clinical outcomes of urgent versus elective TMVr using the MitraClip system. The primary endpoint outcome was all-cause mortality. Additional outcomes included procedural success, postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI), stroke, and length of in-hospital stay.

Results:

Overall, 30-day mortality was significantly higher in the urgent group (odds ratio [OR]: 2.74; 95% confidence interval [CI] [2.17, 3.48]; P < 0.00001; I² =0%). However, subgroup analysis of matched cohorts showed no significant difference between both groups (OR: 1.80; 95% CI [0.94, 3.46]; P = 0.08; I² =0%). One-year mortality was similar between both groups (and: 1.67; 95% CI [0.96, 2.90]; P = 0.07; I² =0%). Procedural success was similar between both groups (89.4% vs. 89.8%; P = 0.43). Postoperative AKI was significantly higher in the urgent group (OR: 4.12; 95% CI [2.87, 5.91]; P < 0.00001; I² =0%).

Conclusion:

Urgent TMVr should be indicated in select populations as it is considered therapeutic with acceptable outcomes therein.
Inadvertent administration of intravenous anaesthesia induction agents via the intracerebroventricular, neuraxial or peripheral nerve route – A narrative review
Authors: Patel Santosh
Published: April 2024

Intravenous (IV) medication administration error remains a major concern during the perioperative period. This review examines inadvertent IV anaesthesia induction agent administration via high-risk routes. Using Medline and Google Scholar, the author searched published reports of inadvertent administration via neuraxial (intrathecal, epidural), peripheral nerve or plexus or intracerebroventricular (ICV) route. The author applied the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) framework to identify systemic and human factors. Among 14 patients involved, thiopentone was administered via the epidural route in six patients. Four errors involved the routes of ICV (propofol and etomidate one each) or lumbar intrathecal (propofol infusion and etomidate bolus). Intrathecal thiopentone was associated with cauda equina syndrome in one patient. HFACS identified suboptimal handling of external ventricular and lumbar drains and deficiencies in the transition of care. Organisational policy to improve the handling of neuraxial devices, use of technological tools and improvements in identified deficiencies in preconditions before drug preparation and administration may minimise future risks of inadvertent IV induction agent administration.