bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Importance of the Sustainability of Environmental Accounting
Authors: Akdoğan Habib , Hicyorulmaz Ela
Published: August 2017

: Rapid population growth, industrialization, unplanned urbanization, global warming, tourism activities and natural disasters have resulted in environmental issues that have reached global dimensions and started to threaten the life of creatures. For the permanent protection of ecological balance and sustainability, massive national and international regulations are needed. Threatening the life of creatures has not been considered in the system consisting of the establishment of equilibrium between man and nature as required. At this point businesses have important responsibilities. Businesses, for example, in order to prevent environmental pollution waste control systems, filtration systems, recycling methods  etc. endured environmental costs in a variety of ways, as these costs are incurred also causes more businesses to see the value of protecting the environment. The result of the activities of environmental impacts of enterprises can be considered, to be taken in the preparation of the necessary data to guide decisions, contacts and presentation of the stages of the environmental accounting system.In this study, we first examine the concepts of environmental accounting, sustainability and environmental costs and then in the cement factories located in Turkey the environmental costs and environmental accounting will be given in the results of a survey made for the calculation of the sensitivity.Keywords: Environmental Accounting; Sustainability; Environmental Costs
Opportunities of Establishment of Destination Management and Marketing Organizations in Bulgaria
Authors: Terziev Venelin , Arabska Ekaterina
Published: August 2017

The paper examines tourism sector development in the Republic of Bulgaria in the context of the country’s strategic priorities till 2020 of knowledge-based economy, sustainable growth and smart specialization, the opportunities for its integration with agri-food sector and potential contribution to balanced rural development. The principles and roles of destination management and marketing organizations are discussed and the opportunities for their application in the national conditions are explored. A framework for of establishment, management and functioning of such organizations is proposed based on integrated and participatory approaches, planning, coordination and communication activities, permanent monitoring and controlling.
Alternative Forms for Promotion and Dissemination of Good Management Practices
Authors: Zahariev Elenko
Published: August 2017

At the present stage actuality of the problem is predetermined by the needs of the real management practice in organizations and the need to offer theoretical and practical knowledge to enable it methodologically correct and methodically right to implement appropriate changes in the management of the particular organization.The article is devoted to one aspect in the field of management - creating a new form of organization of management (called new favorite) - international managerial architecture. It argues that it was dictated by poor management of institutional and corporate level, the lack of adequate professional standards, control and monitoring of the activities of managers. An attempt is made to give a reasoned response to relatively basic question: "Predetermination or managerial obfuscation are alternative forms of promotion and dissemination of good management practices?". The goal is to answer the question in a relatively unbiased approach, insofar as possible minimizing subjectivity in the treatment of problems. Finally, certain results of the proposed thesis on the need for the creation of NIMA are discussed- structure and structural parameters. The discussions are based on the experience in the Republic of Bulgaria taken as an example situation.
The Private Rented Sectors in the North and South of Ireland: A Case Study in Convergence Analysis
Authors: Hayden Aideen , Gray Paddy , McAnulty Ursula , Jordan Bob
Published: August 2017

The theme of this paper centres on the convergence and divergence of housing policy between two regimes inhabiting the same geographical space on the island of Ireland, as reflected in the development of the private rented sector (PRS) in both jurisdictions. Using a historical comparative analysis of key indicators, this paper aims not just to present an accurate picture of the state of policy towards the sector in both jurisdictions today, but to place this analysis within a framework which looks at the backdrop of overall housing systems. The paper postulates that while Northern Ireland and the South of Ireland are reflective of the Anglo Saxon tradition in housing, major historical differences in their pathways have brought clearly identifiable policy outcomes indicative of their differing status in comparative welfare analysis. While both jurisdictions have diverged significantly during the course of the twentieth century in the profile of policy and housing tenure mix, showing examples of path dependency at work, there is clear evidence of more recent convergence. More recent changes in housing policy in both jurisdictions away from direct social housing provision and the changing role of the private rented sector are also examined and a convergence theory is proposed.
Development for a better life
Authors: Epure Manuela
Published: August 2017

Today, humanity is facing various challenges when it comes to the development level in different countries or regions. The global economy is bouncing back from a serious crisis, yet still struggling with the unpredictable reminiscences of the crisis. Restarting the economic growth is vital for the global development. But when it comes to “development”, are we sure what it really means with respect to different countries? World Bank experts define development through a set of indicators of wealth which reflect mainly the quantity of resources, resource allocation, the effect of production and consumption on people’s environment and the like. Different countries have different visions on how to increase the national wealth, therefore the interest in setting development policies may vary from region to region, from country to country. Development is also related directly to people's quality of life: access to education and health care services, employment opportunities, availability of clean air and safe drinking water, and the threat of crime and so on. A sustainable economic growth must be nourished by the fruits of human development such as improvements in human capital along with opportunities for its efficient use: more and better jobs, better conditions for encouraging new and innovative business and greater democracy at all levels of decision‐making[1]. The interdependency between sustainable economic growth and human development is more than obvious, complex and diverse relationships are constantly set, the prerequisites for economic growth or human development are established, and the list is still open. Investing in human capital development is one of the conditions that enable economic growth.[1] SoubottinaT.P., Sheram K.‐ Beyond Economic Growth –Meeting the Challenges of Global Development, World Bank Learning Resources Series, USA, 2000 http://www.worldbank.org/depweb/beyond/beyondco/beg_00.pdf
Arbitral Tribunal Power to Disqualify Unethical Counsel
Authors: Florescu Cristina
Published: August 2017

In specific matters of conflicts of interest ethical issues in connection with the parties' legal representatives could occur in the course of arbitration proceedings. The purpose of this paper is to identify and investigate the current status of the arbitral tribunals and arbitral institutions power to sanction counsel’s misconduct in the event of conflicts of interest. Parties have a fundamental right to choose the counsel and in the same time the right to an independent and impartial tribunal, therefore the source of the arbitral tribunal power to disqualify a counsel is a hot topic. There are no express provisions granting arbitrators such power, only soft law instruments, but which have no binding effect as long as the parties do not agree on them. For these reasons, two renowned cases where international arbitral tribunals have dealt with the subject are examined. Developing “truly transnational” ethical rules and their implementation by the arbitral institutions might be a solution. Arbitral tribunals are establishing this issue on the basis of the undertaken and applied international soft law (professional guidelines) which gained credibility and popularity and also became accepted international standards in the arbitration field.
Foreword
Authors: Ghiorghita Eugen
Published: August 2017

Society today is in transition. We can see it. We live in it. Actually, the mankind’s history is a transition: from simple to complex, from primitivism to civilization. There has been a permanent change in ideas, mentalities, knowledge, institutions and technologies....
Functional Programming Using the New C++ Standard
Authors: Bucea-Manea-Tonis Radu , Tonis (Bucea-Manea) Rocsana
Published: August 2017

Today software technology evolves very quickly, to an old paradigm, called functional programming. This paradigm uses lambda functions ready to be used where declared instead of function pointers. The long term target is to let compilers evaluate rather than execute a program/function.  The new C++14 standard allows lambda calculus as we demonstrate in the applicative section of implementing conditionals, booleans and numbers.
AN ESSAY ON THE APPLICABILITY OF THE LINDER HYPOTHESIS IN DETERMINING THE PATTERNS OF THE ROMANIAN INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Authors: Viciu Tania Georgia , Mihoreanu Larisa , Costea Carmen
Published: August 2017

The paper tries to shed light on the effectiveness of a previously proposed and wide accepted trade model and its consistency in developing economies such as Romania. The structure and evolution of the exports and imports of Romania in the last years have indicated an increase in the intra-industry trade, and concurrently, a shift towards the commerce in predominantly capital-intensive commodities. While the Linder theorem provides useful insight into the patters of international trade formation, the hypothesis that trade is proportionate with the demand and market similarities expressed by GDP per capita, does not test out for the data available for Romania and its main economic and commercial partners.The political and economic restrictions and opportunities generated by foreign relations in the region can be attributed with the role of trade-creating forces, rather than income similarities on the markets.
Eco industrial Development: As a Way of Enhancing Sustainable Development
Authors: Sertyesilisik Begum , Sertyesilisik Egemen
Published: August 2017

The world’s habitat is being deteriorated especially due to the unsustainable production. The need for sustainable development and reducing humanities’ environmental footprint have been addressed in various international frameworks, meetings and reports (e.g. Kyoto protocol, the Resource Efficiency and Cleaner Production Program, the Ten Year Framework of Programs on Sustainable Consumption and Production, the UN Resource Panel, and the Green Economy Initiative, Rio+20, green building certificates, “UNEP Green Economy” in 2011, “Green New Deal” in 2012, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s report etc.). EIDs (the eco industrial development) can act as catalysts in sustainable development and in reducing environmental footprint of the production processes. Based on an in-depth literature review, this paper aims to analyze how EID can be supported so that environmental footprint of the production processes can be reduced contributing sustainable development. With this aim, the objectives include: analysis of the need for the EID; need for the sustainable development enhanced by sustainable production and sustainable products; key success factors for, barriers against and drivers for the EID. The policy makers, companies, and researchers are expected to get benefit from this paper.
ACTIVE SOCIAL PROGRAMS AND THEIR STRATEGIC ADVANTAGES IN LABOR MARKET DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Stoyanov Evgeniy
Published: August 2017

The active programs and measures on the labor market are the subject of increasing interest and comment not only because expectations for tangible effects, but also because of the relatively significant financial resources necessary for their implementation. The paper discussed the active social programs and their strategic advantages in labor market development considering the methodology of their development and accenting the role of human resources and innovative technologies.
The Effects of Right Offering Announcements on Returns of Shares of Deposit Banks Traded in İstanbul Stock-Exchange
Authors: Kendirli Selcuk , Elmali Muhammet Emin
Published: August 2017

In this study, the impacts of right offerings announcements on the returns of shares are analysed. Right offerings means to have the rigth of receiving new shares in proportion to shares on hand when the corporation issues new shares for outsourcing capital increase. In this study, before and after the right issue announcements, the abnormal returns (AR) of shares of the banks in Istanbul Exchange Market-100 calculated and the return changes are analysed.
THE EVALUATION OF WORKING CAPITAL IN AIRLINE COMPANIES WHICH PROCEED IN BIST
Authors: Kendirli Selcuk , Kaya Aslihan
Published: August 2017

The working capital like cash and liquid assets runs the facilities and supports daily activities of firms. This kind of capital is essential to continuity of activities, increase of volume, maintain credibility, reduce impacts of risks and to overcome with extraordinary situation. The working capital management is very important for making profits from activities, especially for dynamic sectors like aviation.The aviation industry which airline companies operate is a very dynamic sector. In this sector working capital has to be managed very professionally and carefully by airline companies. This study aims to assess the airline companies’ working capital in terms of effectiveness. Airline companies which shares traded on BIST will be sample of this study.
Innovative Solutions for Companies to Reduce Gender Gaps (UK Study Case)
Authors: ANGHELUTA Andrei , MIHOREANU Larisa , COSTEA Carmen
Published: August 2017

For many years the gender gap has been a complex reality having economic implications and social decisiveness. No matter the percentage recently decreased, we still confront with social discriminations. In this paper we focused on the UK labour market so we developed a case study for a logistics company, using classification of the employees in different pay bands. Based on this study we created a state of the art human resource tool that can be applied worldwide and that help firms to analyse the root causes and to reduce the gender gap.
The Healthcare System and the Hidden Traps of its Logistics
Authors: MIHOREANU Larisa , COSTEA Carmen , STEFANESCU Alexandru
Published: August 2017

The analysis of the society development is more complex than one might think at first glance. So is the market. There are sides and activities not easy to see and one needs high capabilities and strength to look beyond the appearances and see what’s not visible.The most dangerous games happen inside the crossing boarder sectors that no men land between legal and black activities; that is a very vivid area where actions and profits are higher than ever can imagine. This side of the economy has its tentacles piercing the legal boarder of the sound economy and functions through movements that effect all sectors and activities pushing to get huge black profits.Romanian health sector makes no exception. The wish to get getting higher and higher profits doesn’t go with performing and satisfactory management when the corporate liaisons are oriented more on discussions and less on integrative quality and satisfaction of people concerned; thus the so called guys in white coats are necessarily oriented to another sort of motivation – linked to networked process of getting black money and laundering it through the backing support of the informal more than legal procedures.The loss is always paid by individuals and community as: fewer funds from taxes, stratified salaries caused subjective application of norms and procedures, decreased labour quality, inappropriate economic behaviour, losses in the robustness of the future generations. Through such channels, the informal economy last running building up a strong logistic that develops parallel activities, utterly designed to respect specific customs based on gestural understanding and communication that encourage the unfairness, the aggressiveness in competition and hot money/short run investments.This paper intends to catch some of the general aspects of what black and informal economy can carry out, through procedures that use the imperfect legal methodology decision and its implementation  into informal possibility to fraud both the public funds and peoples  savings.The paper touches also the public consequences of the undeclared work of employees of public and private sectors emphasising also the need to identifying some specific roles to play in the future by the services business planning, the law application and the policy of autonomy to help the medical market blossom vigorously.In conclusion, we sustain that the fair action is not an alternative conception of developing, in the fashion, neither of human evolution nor of need-based growth. There is a higher need to model individual awareness and motivation in the direction of increasing the self-responsibility for building a better environment based on a proactive personal development, from within and connected to the outer world.
The Recovery of Companies
Authors: EP CHEDLI Mariem Kchaich
Published: August 2017

The transmission of an enterprise faces different forms which are the recovery, indeed whether it'sabout a sale or a succession the transmission often puts in danger the existence of an enterprise.An enterprise can be taken over by another enterprise as part of its external growth strategy or by anindividual who can be an heir, a former employee of the enterprise, a commercial or financial partner or aforeign buyer for the firm, but whatever his prior knowledge of the target enterprise the individual buyerholds the position of a new manager and fits into a functioning structure and leads a staff that he did notrecruit..As part of our article, we have been interested in the study of the recovery of enterprises and its variousaspects, in the first part the general case we discussed the resumption namely the transfer of businesses andthrough the brakes related to the transmission and the process of transmission. The second part is dedicatedto the recovery and its integration in the fields of entrepreneurship, as well as the different forms that cantake the recovery of a company namely: the external growth and the recovery of enterprises by individuals.
Future Economy and Touristic Entrepreneurship
Authors: Jelev Viorica
Published: August 2017

Specialists claim that Eco-Bio-economy or social economy is the economy of future, in the service of human life by the rational use of environmental resources. The concept brings together in an integrated manner, according to the researchers, economy, ecology, biodiversity, biotechnologies and focuses on integrated sustainable development of the world. The new social economy, together with the corporate social responsibility joins a new multipolar world to a healthy environment by creative and innovative concepts that will ensure the sustainability of living in a sustainable manner. Doctors have added to thisEco-Bio-Economy concept a new one called One Health - a new integrated approach for human, animals and environment health state to that they should emphasize the importance of human behavior upon the planet biodiversity. Economer agents have mostly understood the importance of alarm signals drawn up by researchers on the destruction of the resources of the planet and adapted their business sites to the requirements of the green economy. A responsible business is also ecotourism that promotes a favourable travel for the surrounding environment. It requires accommodation on farms, in peasant houses, small rural hotels. The educational environment contributes to the trend planetary tourism, with the formation of new specialists with new knowledge, behaviors and consumers use formation of new characters, sensitive to environmental issues. This educational model is also promoted by Spiru Haret University, by creating the Master degree in tourism but also in environmental protection.
The Role of Accounting and Internal Control in Reducing Bureaucracy in the Public Sector
Authors: Ionescu Luminita
Published: August 2017

The aim of this paper is to present the relation between efficient internal control and accounting procedures and how the internal control system could play an important role in reducing bureaucracy. Nowadays, the government accounting and control of public finances are a national and international priority, in the context refugee crisis and terrorist attacks. Modernization of the public sector accounting could accelerate the process of reducing bureaucracy by implementing accounting information system and electronic signature. The reform of the public administration in all European countries developed new control techniques and procedures in order to control public sector budget and financial activity. Efficient intern control procedure and managerial responsibility could contribute to good governance, transparency and low level of bureaucracy.
The Dimension of Atypical Employment in Romania
Authors: Ghinăraru Cătălin , Mladen Luise
Published: August 2017

Official statistics can not always highlight the true scale of atypical work phenomenon in Romania because of the multitude of the non-standard forms of employment and because of the fact that its regulatory and monitoring mechanisms are build in accordance with the typical work model. The purpose of our research is to try to estimate the atypical employment in Romania using a variety of statistical data basis.
Logical Querying of Relational Databases
Authors: Pistol Luminita , BUCEA-MANEA-TONIS Radu
Published: August 2017

This paper aims to demonstrate the usefulness of formal logic and lambda calculus in database programming. After a short introduction in propositional and first order logic, we implement dynamically a small database and translate some SQL queries in filtered java 8 streams, enhanced with Tuples facilities from jOOλ library.
The Organizational Justice of the Administrative Leaders and its Impact on Employees' Career Performance
Authors: Al-Dulaimi Zaid Yaseen Saud
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The aim of this study is to help us to know the degree of Organizational Justice practiced by the administrative leaders in Baghdad for Economic Sciences and of Al-Ma'mun privet university colleges in Baghdad and its relationship to the employees' work or Career Performance. In order to achieve this goal, the study will seek to answer the following questions:What is the degree of Organizational Justice practiced by the administrative leaders in the discussed colleges from the employees' point of view?What is level of work or Career Performance of employees from the point of view of their leaders?The study's society is formed from administrative leaders, heads of departments and discussed faculties. Researchers will use a questionnaire for data collection and it will include, the responder's demographic information, the measuring tool for the Organizational Justice practiced by the administrative leaders, the measurement of Career Performance of their employees. Study Tools has been verified by bringing it to the attention of the arbitrators of jurisdiction, and verification of the appropriateness of using the test method and the test. For answering the questions of the study researchers will use arithmetic averages, standard deviations and Pearson Linklabs.
Bio economy and entrepreneurial ecosystem patterns Case study for Romania - USH ProBusiness
Authors: Lianu Costin
Published: August 2017

This paper is investigating various patterns of entrepreneurial relations and engagements  that may help the shift to bio economy  and the ways they can facilitate entrepreneurial understanding and access to markets and business opportunities in this field. It also investigate the role of universities and cluster in transfer of knowledge towards bio economy and possibilities of interaction making a case study on USH ProBusiness in Romania. Main conclusion of the paper is that participation of  entrepreneurs, especially SME but also large companies in active  Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (EE)   plays an essential role in transposing bio economy  from strategy to action but some regions may be well advanced  and other lagging behind. High trust and large EE in terms of networking are better fit to accelerate the knowledge and innovation process and universities may play a major role in this direction, as important catalyst.
Social networks usage implications at the level of medical services consumption in Romania
Authors: Gardan Daniel Adrian , Andronie Mihai , Gardan Iuliana Petronela , Uta Cristian
Published: August 2017

The social networks usage degree increase is evident in recent years, this having implications for the consumption of the most types of products and services. A very special field of research is presented by the consumption of healthcare services, who, both in terms of consumption motivations, decisional buying process or consumer behavior is having peculiarities and specific traits. In this context, the present article aims to investigate the role that social networks use can have regarding changes within the consumer behavior in case of healthcare services consumption. In order to achieve the scientific endeavor, authors have conducted a quantitative marketing research as a field survey, using a questionnaire administered online to patients from different medical institutions, both from the public and private sector.The research results reveal key issues from the perspective of emotional involvement within consumption for the patients and the influence of key variables such as level of education, personality and lifestyle within social networks usage context.
FACTORS THAT POTENTIALLY AFFECT THE FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF THE PENSION SYSTEM IN ROMANIA
Authors: Mladen Luise
Published: August 2017

In Romania, the State Social Security Budget spending exceeds the revenues, and this situation leads to a growing deficit of the public budget. This evolution is the result of a complex of factors, more or less difficult to be managed, which we analyze in this article. The phenomenon of ageing has a significant role in increasing the pressure on the social protection systems, in general, and on the pension system, in particular. Also, the labour market related factors and the economic factors have an important impact on the sustainability of the pension system. The design of the pension system is equally important.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AS A STRATEGIC BUSINESS RESOURCE
Authors: Ghiorghita Eugen , Grzegorczyk Adam
Published: August 2017

The development of a knowledge-based economy means that today's businesses face many of the new challenges of adapting to the changing environment. Since the early 1990s, knowledge management became not only an academic discipline, but more than that, an effective way to assure the continuous improvement of the organization.  The search for competitive advantages led companies to focus on the complex philosophy of intellectual capital and its connected concepts: human capital, structural capital, organizational capital, intellectual property, and last but not least, relational capital. The present article puts forward a short insight into the complexity of the ever changing and evolving system of knowledge management various concepts.
Breves Notas Sobre a Responsabilidade Pelas Dívidas Contraídas por um dos Cônjuges no Exercício da Actividade Comercial
Authors: Salazar Helena
Published: August 2017

Com a realização deste trabalho propomo-nos refectir sobre um tema que interessa simultaneamente a dois ramos do direito, o direito da família e o direito comercial.
O Canto da Informática
Authors: Magalhães Alfredo
Published: August 2017

Para a contabilidade e gestão, como noutras áreas empresariais, a informática é essencial para o desempenho do exercício dessas actividadcs.Há cerca de duas dezenas de anos quando uma empresa encarava a hipótese de adquirir um computador, a maioria das vezes era para fazer a contabilidade, e só depois se pensava em informatizar outras tarefas.Nesta nova revisla do ISCAP, reúno três pequenos textos que tentam esclarecer e ajudar os menos informados sobre novas tecnologias. Como grande parte das pessoas considera computador aquilo que se apresenta à frente dos olhos, o primeiro texto fala dos monitores. O segundo aborda as diferentes maneiras de estabelecer ligações do computador a equipamento periférico. Finalmente, o terceiro versa um assunto que deveria preocupar todos os docentes, que é a pureza da língua portuguesa.
Study of Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Pregnancy with Heart Disease
Authors: Abbasi Sharmin , Siddiqua Sehereen Farhad , Rijvi Shifin , Akhtar Salma , Haque Benozir , Jesmin Suha
Published: August 2017

Background: Heart disease complicating pregnancy is an important indirect cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. Maternal heart disease comprises .2%-2% of pregnancies and responsible for 10%-20% of maternal deaths1. Our study was done to evaluate fetomaternal outcomes in pregnancy with heart disease.Objectives: Evaluation of fetomaternal outcome in pregnant patients with cardiac disease. Materials andMethods: This observational study was done in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Hospital among 51 pregnant women with known or newly diagnosed heart disease from January 2013-january 2015. Baseline data recorded demographic character, NYHA functional class, maternal complications, mode of delivery and neonatal outcome.Results: Among 51 cardiac patients, 32 (63%) were primigravida. Mostly 46 (90.6%) belonging to NYHA Class I and II. Rheumatic heart disease seen in 45 (87%) and congenital heart disease in 10% subjects. Mitral stenosis was the most common, seen in 22 (41%) cases. 47.33% patients were delivered vaginally and LSCS done in 41% patients. The fetal outcome were live births in (96.6%) cases, (27.4%) babies required NICU admission.Conclusion: An improvement in modern techniques of monitoring, better understanding of pathophysiology of cardiac disease and multi disciplinary care can lead to substantial improvement in the feto maternal outcome.Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 8, No. 2: Jul 2017, P 112-116
Transformative Learning: a Concept and Powerful Vision for Adult Education
Authors: Rahman Md Mahfuzar , Hoque AK Mahbubul
Published: August 2017

Transformative learning is a process of learning that individuals to changes their critically assumptions and beliefs and consciously making and implementing plans that bring about new ways. It is a fundamentally rational and analytical process. It is also a process of getting beyond gaining factual knowledge alone to instead become learns in some meaningful way. It involves questioning assumptions, beliefs and values, and considering multiple points of view, while always seeking to verify reasoning. This learning is to make interpretations from the person's own beliefs, judgments and feelings and consciously define the meaning of the experience1 or a process of learning that creates a substantial change in the habits, ideas and/or outlook of an individual. This article highlights concept and theories that deals with the paradigm shift of changes needed among adult learners, role of educators and learners towards development of individual and social lives in addition to existing perspective (traditional) of teaching & learning practice. Practices of transformative learning vision and process in adult education have the scope to bring improved critical thinking and a way of changing life style.Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 8, No. 2: Jul 2017, P 128-131
Assessment of Ovarian Reserve in Infertile Patients
Authors: Begum Poly , Shaha Dipti Rani , Mahbuba - , Sanjowal Lipika , Barua Ripon , Hassan Md Kamrul
Published: August 2017

Reduced ovarian reserve is a condition characterized by a reduced competence of the ovary to produce oocyte due to advanced age or congenital, medical surgical and idiopathic causes. Age is considered to be the principal factor in determining the reduction of ovarian reserve, especially in woman over 40 years of age, but it's well known that a premature reduction of ovarian reserve can also occur in young patients. Management of patients with diminished ovarian reserve is challenging for fertility experts and frequently the only option to conceive is represented by assisted reproduction technologies. Here we reviewed the aetiology, presentation and diagnosis of reduced ovarian reserve in advanced and young aged women and recent advances in the management of infertility in these women.Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 8, No. 2: Jul 2017, P 132-143
Growth Responses, Pigment and Stomatal Behaviour of Maize to Foliar Application of NAA
Authors: Jahan Nargis , Yasmin Nilufar
Published: August 2017

An investigation was conducted to find out the responses of two varieties of maize BHM- 7 (V1) and BHM-9 (V2) to Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on the growth, dry matter, pigment and stomatal behaviour. In case of V1, plant height was found to decrease due to all the treatments at all the ages except at 7 DAS due to T3 treatment. In V2, increase in plant height was recorded following T1 and T3 treatments at all the ages except at 21 DAS. In both the varieties at all the ages, maximum number of leaves per plant were obtained from T3 treatment. In case of V1 number of leaves per plant increased only due to T3 treatment in comparison to control whereas, in V2 number of leaves per plant increased following all the treatments. In case of V1, dry weight of shoot increased due to T3 treatment at 8 and 15 DAS. But in case of V2, there was increasing tendency in dry weight of shoot due to all treatments at all ages except at 8 DAS due to T2 treatment. In both the varieties dry weight of root increased due to T3 treatment at all ages. Chl. a was more than chl. b at all the stages in both the varieties and both chl. a and chl. b were recorded lowest at the flowering stage. In case of V1, amount of chl. b was remarkably higher at the tillering stage whereas, in case of V2, amount of chl. a and carotenoid were remarkably higher at the grain filling stage. In both the varieties, the amount of chl. a was found to increase and decrease due to all the treatments at all the stages. Chlorophyll b both increased and decreased in V1 and the maximum increase was due to T3 at the tillering and grain filling stages. In case of V2, chl. b increased at the tillering stage following all the treatments and maximum increase was also due to T3. However, in V1 carotenoid contents of leaf increased following all the treatments at the tillering stage and decreased following all the treatments at flowering and grain filling stages. Number of stomata increased except due to T2 in V1, whereas, number of epidermal cell decreased due to T0 and T2 in V1. Stomatal density in V2 was found relatively higher due to NAA application. It was also found that NAA increased the stomatal density with the increase of concentration except 50 ppm (T2) in V2. Stomatal index was found to decrease due to T1 inV1 and due to T0 in V2.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 1, 1-9 2017
Preparation and Characterization of Toxic Metal Complexes of Nicotinamide and Nicotinic acid
Authors: Sarker Sabbir , Ehsan MQ
Published: August 2017

Cd(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II) were reacted with nicotinamide and nicotinic acid (vitamin B3) in the aqueous medium. The solid products obtained were formulated by comparing the experimental and calculated data for C, H, N and metal. Both produce 2:1 compounds with the metal ions. The prepared complexes were characterized by different physicochemical methods. The UV-vis, FTIR spectral analysis, TG analysis of these complexes have been discussed. The conductance behavior of the complexes indicates that all of them behave as weak electrolytes.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 1, 37-45, 2017
Level Separation on Fuzzy Pairwise T0bitopological Space
Authors: Hossain MS , Habiba Ummey
Published: August 2017

In this paper, we introduce five notions of level separation in T0 fuzzy bitopological spaces. We establish some relation among them. Also, we find relations between fuzzy topological spaces and corresponding fuzzy bitopological spaces in such spaces. Further, we prove that all these definitions satisfy good extension property. Finally, we prove that all these notionsare hereditary, productive and projective, moreover we observe that all concepts are preserved under one-one, onto and continuous mapping.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 1, 57-68, 2017
Structural, Morphological and Magnetic Properties of Nd and Co co-doped BiFeO3 Ceramics at Room temperature
Authors: Mariam Tamanna , Choudhury Shamima
Published: August 2017

Synthesis and characterization of BiFeO3 samples, co-doped with rare earth Nd and Co in place of Bi and Fe respectively were investigated at room temperature (RT). The formula of the four samples are Co-doped BiFe1xCoxO3 (x = 0.05-0.10) and Nd and Co co-substituted Bi0.95Nd0.05Fe0.95Co0.05O3 and Bi0.90Nd0.10Fe0.90Co0.10O3. These ceramic samples were synthesized by conventional solid state reaction method. The X-ray diffraction patterns clearly reveal that the secondary impurity phases were eliminated significantly due to the simultaneous substitution of Nd and Co in place of Bi and Fe respectively of BiFeO3 ceramics. The surface morphology of the synthesized samples was found to improve due to the simultaneous substitution of Nd and Co in place of Bi and Fe in BiFeO3. The average grain size of the first sample with 5% doping of Co in place of Fe was 1.5?m. In the second sample with 10% Co doping in place of Fe, the average grain size became 1.25 ?m. In presence of 5% Nd in place of Bi as well as with 5% doping of Co in place of Fe , grain size reduced to 0.75?m. The sample with 10% doping of Nd and Co in place of Bi and Fe respectively, average grain size decreased to 0.5?m. The EDX spectroscpoy ensured the presence of Bi, Nd, Fe, Co and O in these samples and their percentage of mass and atoms. Magnetic properties of the samples were also investigated at room temperature by measuring magnetization versus magnetic field (M-H) hysteresis loops. The wider loop clearly demonstrates the significant improvement of the magnetic behavior in 10% Nd and Co doped Bi0.90Nd0.10Fe0.90Co0.10O3 sample. The enhanced magnetic properties might be attributed to the substitution induced suppression of spiral spin structure of BiFeO3. The outcome of this investigation suggests the potentiality of the simultaneous doping of Nd and Co in BiFeO3 ceramics to improve their structural, morphological and magnetic characteristics.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 1, 85-93, 2017
Unethical Laws and Lawless Ethics: Right and Virtue in Kant’s Rechtslehre
Authors: Zhang Jenna
Published: August 2017

In this paper, I examine the relation between law and morality within the context of Kant’s late work The Metaphysics of Morals. I argue that Kant’s conception of the law is based on a fundamental distinction between Right and Virtue, which respectively correspond to his legal-political theory and moral philosophy. My analysis is two part: in the first part, I examine the relationship between the Doctrines of Right and Virtue within the Kantian architectonic; in the second, I evaluate two cases of adjudication in the Rechtslehre that exemplify the distinction between law and morality explicated in the preceding section. I begin by showing that Kant’s legal and moral philosophies are normatively distinct, insofar as Right and Virtue belong to incommensurable realms of freedom and necessity. From this distinction, I derive Kant’s conception of the legal state as principally concerned with external freedoms and the preservation of the lawful condition itself. The second part of this paper analyzes Kant’s views on two cases of criminal justice, revealing his prioritization of the political over independent ethical considerations in juridical decision-making. Here, the conceptual barrier between law and morality serves as a caveat against facile recourses to Kantian ethics as means of legitimizing juridico-political decisions.
Superconductivity in 122-Type Pnictides without Iron
Authors: Zhang Pan , Zhai Hui-fei
Published: August 2017

The exploration of superconducting iron-free pnictides with a ThCr2Si2-type or related structure and the study of their superconducting properties are important in order to get a deeper understanding of the pairing mechanism of 122 iron pnictides. Here we review the properties of 122-type iron-free pnictides superconductors with structures similar to that of BaFe2As2. Evidence of fully gapped nature of superconducting state has come from the specific heat and thermal conductivity measurements for BaNi2As2 and SrNi2P2, and nuclear magnetic and quadrupole resonance measurements for CaPd2As2 etc. Combined with the fact that no magnetism is observed in 122-type iron-free pnictides superconductors, the majority of evidence suggests that most of these compounds are conventional electron–phonon-mediated superconductors.
Millennia-Long Co-Existence of Two Major European Whitefish (Coregonus spp.) Lineages in Switzerland Inferred from Ancient Mitochondrial DNA
Authors: Alonso José David Granado , Häberle Simone , Plogmann Heidemarie Hüster , Schibler Jörg , Schlumbaum Angela
Published: August 2017

Archaeological fish remains are an important source for reconstructing past aquatic ecosystems and ancient fishing strategies using aDNA techniques. Here, we focus on archaeological samples of European whitefish (Coregonus spp.) from Switzerland covering different time periods. Coregonus bones and scales are commonly found in archaeological assemblages, but these elements lack species specific features and thus inhibit morphological species identification. Even today, fish taxonomy is confusing and numerous species and ecotypes are recognized, and even more probably existed in the past. By targeting short fragments of the mitochondrial d-loop in 48 morphologically identified Coregonus scales and vertebrae from 10 archaeological sites in Switzerland, endogenous d-loop sequences were found in 24 samples from one Neolithic, two Roman, and four Medieval sites. Two major mtDNA clades, C and N, known from contemporary European whitefish populations were detected, suggesting co-occurrence for at least 5000 years. In the future, NGS technologies may be used to explore Coregonus or other fish species and ecotype diversity in the past to elucidate the human impact on lacustrine/limnic environments.
Acquisition System Verification for Energy Efficiency Analysis of Building Materials
Authors: Cid Natalia , Ogando Ana , Gómez M.
Published: August 2017

Climate change and fossil fuel depletion foster interest in improving energy efficiency in buildings. There are different methods to achieve improved efficiency; one of them is the use of additives, such as phase change materials (PCMs). To prove this method’s effectiveness, a building’s behaviour should be monitored and analysed. This paper describes an acquisition system developed for monitoring buildings based on Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) and with a 1-wire bus network as the communication system. The system is empirically tested to prove that it works properly. With this purpose, two experimental cubicles are made of self-compacting concrete panels, one of which has a PCM as an additive to improve its energy storage properties. Both cubicles have the same dimensions and orientation, and they are separated by six feet to avoid shadows. The behaviour of the PCM was observed with the acquisition system, achieving results that illustrate the differences between the cubicles directly related to the PCM’s characteristics. Data collection devices included in the system were temperature sensors, some of which were embedded in the walls, as well as humidity sensors, heat flux density sensors, a weather station and energy counters. The analysis of the results shows agreement with previous studies of PCM addition; therefore, the acquisition system is suitable for this application.
Discovery of an Earliest-Stage “Mystery Circle” and Development of the Structure Constructed by Pufferfish, Torquigener albomaculosus (Pisces: Tetraodontidae)
Authors: Kawase Hiroshi , Mizuuchi Ryo , Shin Hirofumi , Kitajima Yuki , Hosoda Koh , Shimizu Masahiro , Iwai Daisuke , Kondo Shigeru
Published: August 2017

Male pufferfish (Torquigener albomaculosus) construct “mystery circles”, geometric circular structures with radially aligned peaks and valleys, on sandy seabeds for reproduction. We discovered an earliest-stage mystery circle composed of dozens of irregular depressions. The structure changed to a primitive circular form with radially aligned valleys and a circular depression in the central area on day 2. The number of valleys increased, and the radius of the structure was much smaller than that of the final structure. These features were observed from days 2 to 4, considered the early stage of construction. The mystery circle had radially aligned peaks and valleys with a central flat area, while the radius and the differences in elevation between the peaks and valleys were increasing. These features, which were observed from days 5 to 8, were considered the middle stage of construction. On day 9, the mystery circle was completed. An irregular pattern was formed in the central area, and the radially aligned peaks were decorated with shell and coral fragments. These are the first recorded observations of construction of a mystery circle from the earliest stage.
The Association between Air Pollution and Population Health Risk for Respiratory Infection: A Case Study of Shenzhen, China
Authors: Xia Xiaolin , Zhang An , Liang Shi , Qi Qingwen , Jiang Lili , Ye Yanjun
Published: August 2017

Nowadays, most of the research on air pollution and its adverse effects on public health in China has focused on megacities and heavily-polluted regions. Fewer studies have focused on cities that are slightly polluted. Shenzhen used to have a favorable air environment, but its air quality has deteriorated gradually as a result of development in recent years. So far, no systematic investigations have been conducted on the adverse effects of air pollution on public health in Shenzhen. This research has applied a time series analysis model to study the possible association between different types of air pollution and respiratory hospital admission in Shenzhen in 2013. Respiratory hospital admission was divided into two categories for comparison analysis among various population groups: acute upper respiratory infection and acute lower respiratory infection. The results showed that short-term exposure to ambient air pollution was significantly associated with acute respiratory infection hospital admission in Shenzhen in 2013. Children under 14 years old were the main susceptible population of acute respiratory infection due to air pollution. PM10, PM2.5 and NO2 were the primary air pollutants threatening respiratory health in Shenzhen. Though air pollution level is generally relatively low in Shenzhen, it will benefit public health to control the pollution of particulate matter as well as other gaseous pollutants.