bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the perception of barriers to a dual career by student-athletes with/out disabilities
Authors: Vaquero-Cristóbal Raquel , Maciá-Andreu María J. , Díaz-Aroca Álvaro , Meroño Lourdes , García-Roca Juan Alfonso , Abenza-Cano Lucía , Cánovas-Álvarez Francisco J. , Sánchez-Pato Antonio , Leiva-Arcas Alejandro
Published: May 2023

In recent years, there has been an increase in knowledge about the barriers experienced by people with disabilities in the education system or sports. However, no studies have analyzed the barriers for those who try to succeed in both disciplines (dual career). The purpose of this study was to examine the barriers faced by student-athletes with/out disability to a dual career combining studies and sport. Two groups were involved in the study (n = 162): student-athletes with disabilities (n = 79) and student-athletes without disabilities (n = 83). Data collected included: (a) socio-demographic aspects; and (b) barriers towards achieving a good balance between sport and academics during the dual career, through the "Perceptions of dual career student-athletes" (ESTPORT) questionnaire. The results showed that student-athletes with disabilities were more likely to perceive in a greater extent the barriers, the university is far from my home (p = 0.007) and the university is far from my training site (p = 0.006), I find myself unable to balance study and training time (p = 0.030), I have to take care of my family (p<0.001), and my current job does not allow me to study enough (p<0.001). The MANOVA analysis showed that the factors gender, competitive level, and employment status had an influence on the perception of some barriers between groups. In conclusion, student-athletes with disabilities perceived barriers more strongly than those without disabilities, and measures are needed to ensure their inclusion in the education system.
Son mandatos de ponderación. Breviario de teoría del Derecho en honor de Manuel Atienza
Authors: Aguiló-Regla Josep
Published: May 2023

El trabajo estudia el papel de los principios constitucionales en la aplicación ordinaria del Derecho; se centra, por tanto, en las relaciones entre ponderación y legislación. Para ello, se recurre a la teoría de la legislación de M. Atienza como punto de partida y se analizan algunos modelos teóricos. El artículo se propone sobre todo operar una simplificación drástica de la discusión teórica sobre la ponderación. Se concluyen dos tesis relativas al método jurídico en un Estado constitucional. Primera, los principios constitucionales son mandatos de ponderación dirigidos al legislador. Segunda, para los jueces ordinarios la ponderación contra legem está prohibida; la ponderación secundum legem es obligatoria; y la ponderación praeter legem es aceptable si el juez justifica la existencia de una laguna legislativa (ya sea normativa o axiológica).
“Wasting the Past”
Authors: Gilmore Garrett Bridger
Published: May 2023

This chapter begins by analyzing the dedication and removal of the Silent Sam statue at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, arguing that university administrations use contextualization to respond to conflicts over white supremacist symbols, which perpetuates white supremacy through inaction, compromise, and equivocation. It then turns to a reading of Albion Tourgée’s A Fool’s Errand, arguing that the novel interrogates how white supremacists made sense of the violence they committed and how they turned the language and logic of post-emancipation politics into tools for the re-consolidation of power. Therefore, the novel offers a lesson in dynamics of institutional and inter-personal politics through which extralegal violence and Lost Cause historical memory worked together to build institutions whose white supremacy consisted not only in the beliefs of its members, but in the very structures and logics through which institutional action and inaction could be defined.
African American Disaster Songs and Memory
Authors: Monge Luigi
Published: May 2023

The final chapter draws general conclusions on the way African American singers and composers depicted disasters in their sacred and secular songs and on how their approach compares with the white one. A brief introduction to the interrelated concepts of memory (both collective and individual) and its different meanings is followed by a discussion of the field of study known as oral history and performance. After this theoretical treatment, a more empirical study based on the song lyrics’ analysis in the three preceding chapters enables to provide answers to the questions posed in the Introduction. African American blues and gospel singers and composers’ way of writing disaster songs is manifold, original, and impossible to pigeonhole. The difference between black and white disaster songs is much more substantial and less blurred. After drawing up some statistics on the songs analyzed, four tendencies common to blues and gospel disaster songs are detected.
Reflexões sobre a política de ação afirmativa na pós-graduação stricto sensu nos Institutos Federais de Educação: a questão do acesso e permanência dos discentes
Authors: Arruda Maria Auxiliadora Almeida
Published: May 2023

A marcação da diferença racial é transformada em desigualdade educacional. Assim, o acesso e a permanência na educação são segmentados por cor/raça e intensificada nos níveis mais avançados da escolarização. O objetivo deste artigo é fazer uma discussão teórica, privilegiando a produção acadêmica-política da decolonialidade, sobre a necessidade de análise da política de ação afirmativa nos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu ofertados nos Institutos Federais (IFs) e das ações para permanência dos estudantes. Estudos têm privilegiado universidades públicas, por outro lado, dentre os 4.602 programas credenciados no Brasil, 150 são ofertados pela Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, dos quais 53% estão nos IFs. Essa discussão fortalece a inclusão dos grupos étnico-raciais na educação superior.
Aspectos políticos na formação de professores na atualidade: uma crítica a partir de Hannah Arendt
Authors: Rosa Antonio Henrique , Manzi Ronaldo
Published: May 2023

O presente estudo analisa aspectos políticos, finalidades e os objetivos da formação de professores no modelo Educação à distância (EaD). Atualmente, se tornou hegemônica a formação de professores por esse modelo, haja vista pelo número crescente de oferta e demanda desses cursos. Contudo, seria a formação de professores adequada nesse formato? Pensadores sobre a educação insistem que a formação de professores não se reduz a uma profissionalização aos moldes dos valores empresariais. Uma formação rápida, eficaz e eficiente não parece se ajustar à própria concepção de formação de professores. Nesse sentido, o texto pretende chamar atenção para um processo de “desumanização”, quanto a formação de professores, que para tal, retoma alguns pontos sobre o pensamento de Hannah Arendt na tentativa de analisar se essa formação poderia “ir bem” quando é reduzida apenas a esse tipo de tecnologia. Valemos também dos estudos mais recentes sobre o tema, como os de Jan Masschelein e Maarten Simons ambos os pesquisadores retomam Arendt e discutem a educação como um bem público. Nesse caminho, a tendência de uma formação “personalizada”, voltado ao individual, parece se perder em relação à ideia de “comum”, “bem público”.
Política Nacional do Livro Didático e o PNLD 2021: reflexões a partir das coleções didáticas de Ensino Médio voltadas à grande área de ciências humanas e sociais aplicadas
Authors: Gomes Adriel Arthur de Oliveira , Copatti Carina
Published: May 2023

Este artigo tem por objetivo identificar e interpretar as mudanças no Programa Nacional do Livro e do Material Didático (PNLD) e sua relação com a implementação da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) nas instituições escolares, visando compreender de que forma os livros didáticos do PNLD 2021, voltados à área de Ciências Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas (CHSA), são organizados para serem disponibilizados às escolas do país. Assim, o estudo busca identificar como se constituiu a Política Nacional do Livro Didático e, no atual contexto, posterior à implementação da BNCC e da Reforma do Ensino Médio, como se organizam os materiais didáticos do Programa Nacional do Livro e do Material Didático que compõem o PNLD 2021 voltado ao Ensino Médio. Para tanto, utiliza-se a pesquisa qualitativa sob dois movimentos: um que é constituído através do diálogo com pesquisadores que abordam os temas política do livro didático, educação de qualidade e PNLD 2021; e outro que considera a análise documental de obras do PNLD 2021 da área CHSA, identificando os aspectos que compõem as categorias de análise, embasadas na Análise de Conteúdo (BARDIN, 2011). As coleções analisadas estão em sintonia com as habilidades e as competências da BNCC e servem à efetivação dessa proposta nas salas de aula das escolas brasileiras. No entanto, sua organização não se relaciona diretamente com a proposta curricular do Novo Ensino Médio, ocasionando dificuldades de utilização, no momento de abordar os conteúdos de modo integrado entre as áreas que compõem as CHSA.
A Escola Pública Popular na América Latina e Caribe: Aprendizados a partir dos Bachilleratos Populares da Argentina
Authors: Souza Sulivan Ferreira de
Published: May 2023

O presente trabalho objetiva compreender a formação dos Bachilleratos Populares na Argentina e suas contribuições para a construção da escola pública popular na América Latina e Caribe. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa se configura como um estudo de caso com trabalho de campo, levantamento bibliográfico, levantamento documental e realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A constituição da Escola Pública Popular é possível com autonomia política, pedagógica e filosófica, as quais são materializadas nos currículos, nos conteúdos, nas didáticas, nas avaliações, nas formações docentes e nas reivindicações diante do Estado e da sociedade civil.
Do direito à educação infantil ao dever do Estado em ofertar o acesso: conjunturas no Tocantins, Brasil
Authors: Bessa Menissa Cícera Fernandes de Oliveira Bessa
Published: May 2023

A afirmativa de que a Constituição Federal de 1988 garante o direito e o acesso das crianças pequenas à educação infantil, por meio das ações positivadas do Estado democrático brasileiro, precisa ser reiterada. Trazer à tona os compromissos, por meio dos dispositivos legais, com os cidadãos de pouca idade é urgente, sobretudo em tempos de ataque frontal à jovem democracia brasileira, no sentido de construir a totalidade dos dizeres legais na sua origem constitucional e na efetivação do direito no acesso e na oferta. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo do artigo é levantar e analisar a oferta de vagas públicas para a educação infantil no estado do Tocantins, Brasil, entre os anos de 1990 e 2020, descortinando a evolução do acesso e a subtração do benefício para muitas crianças tocantinenses.
Entrevista: Césa Tello - Reformas Educativas en América Latina: tendencias y escenarios
Authors: Silva Maria Vieira , Castro Alda Maria Duarte Araújo , Santos Kildo Adevair dos
Published: May 2023

Los estudios desarrollados por César Tello en torno al enfoque de las Epistemologías de la Política Educativa, así como su actuación orgánica en la Red Latinoamericana de Estudios Epistemólogos en Política Educativa, han constituido significativos aportes al análisis del campo teórico de la política educativa en términos de la producción de conocimiento en América Latina. En esta entrevista, Tello presenta un panorama de las tendencias en los estudios sobre reformas educativas en América Latina; algunos elementos principales que configuran las reformas llevadas a cabo por las agendas gubernamentales de la región y ciertos vínculos entre los gobiernos y los organismos internacionales en el Continente Latinoamericano.
Política educacional para imigrantes e refugiados e o papel da sociedade civil: o caso da cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Azevedo Rômulo Sousa de , Lima Daniela da Costa Britto Pereira
Published: May 2023

Este artigo objetiva compreender a atuação de organizações da sociedade civil, compostas por imigrantes e refugiados, nas discussões sobre política educacional. Para isso, é feito um estudo de caso sobre o contexto de São Paulo. A metodologia pauta-se na análise de documentos da Conferência Municipal de Políticas para Imigrantes, realizada em 2013 e 2019 na respectiva cidade. Como fundamento teórico, utiliza-se o conceito de sociedade civil de Luiz Carlos Bresser Pereira e os conceitos de campo e habitus de Pierre Bourdieu. Conclui-se que há uma crescente participação da sociedade civil nas discussões sobre educação e migração, em uma relação direta com o Estado, envolvendo os imigrantes e refugiados no debate sobre a formulação de políticas educacionais.
Relationship between Behavior and Work Accident in Rice Farmers using Pesticides in Oebobo Village, Batu Putih District
Authors: Bryan Joss , Ratu Jacob , Oematan Grouse , Umbu Roga Anderias
Published: May 2023

Work accident cases are a health problem in many parts of the world, including in the East Nusa Tenggara region. This study aims to analyze the relationship between behavior and work accidents among rice farmers who use pesticides in Oebobo village, Batu Putih district. This type of research uses an analytic survey with a cross-sectional design. The study's results were analyzed statistically using the chi-square test showing the relationship between knowledge and work accidents obtained a score (p-value) of 0.023, and the relationship between attitudes and work accidents got a score (p-value) of 0.044. The relationship between action and work accidents, a score (p-value) of 0.030 was obtained so that statistically, there was a relationship between behavior and work accidents on pesticide-using rice in Oebobo Village, Batu Putih District. This research contributes to knowing the causes of work accidents among farmers who use pesticides, namely lack of knowledge, attitudes that do not want to use personal protective equipment, and unsafe actions at work. The use of PPE by rice farmers is still deficient. The majority of farmers generally still feel indifferent about this. The findings obtained in this study indicate that knowledge, attitudes, and actions are related to work accidents among rice farmers who use pesticides in Oebobo Village, Batu Putih District. In the future, there needs to be more intense outreach by either village assistants or other related parties in order to increase the knowledge and understanding of the farmers in the village, as well as prevent work accidents in the future.
Algae-based green AgNPs, AuNPs, and FeNPs as potential nanoremediators
Authors: Tonelli Fernanda Maria Policarpo , Silva Christopher Santos , Delgado Vinicius Marx Silva , Tonelli Flávia Cristina Policarpo
Published: May 2023

This review addresses green algae-based gold (Au), iron (Fe), and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) as eco-friendly nanomaterials to deal with biological, organic, and inorganic environmental contaminants. Among nanotechnological tools that can fully degrade, adsorb, and/or convert pollutants into less harmful structures, AgNPs, AuNPs, and FeNPs deserve highlight for their efficiency and low cost. However, green protocols are preferable to produce them in an eco-friendly manner. Although phycosynthesis is still in its infancy, algae present various advantages as green raw materials to NPs’ synthesis; fast growth rate, low-energy input requirement, low costs, easy and eco-friendly cultivation, and high tolerance to metals are examples. To allow their large-scale application, however, challenges regarding obtaining sufficient biomaterial with good reproducibility, designing protocols to achieve desirable features on NPs, and recovering the biocompatible nanomaterial after use still need attention. Perspectives for the field involve surpassing these limitations, broadening knowledge on synthesis mechanisms, protocols, and new species useful to offer, in the future, commercial eco-friendly, and low-cost phycosynthesized AuNPs, AgNPs, and FeNPs to nanoremediation. The potential of these NPs to deal with environmental contaminants, their advantageous characteristics and biocompatibility, the main limitations associated with their large-scale application, and future prospects for the field will receive attention.
Non-tariff Measures and Regulatory Alignment in a North-South Context: Assessing Compliance Costs for Tunisian Agriculture under the EU-Tunisia Free Trade Agreement (ALECA)
Authors: Tröster Bernhard , von Arnim Rudiger , Raza Werner , Chandoul Jihen , Ben Rouine Chafik
Published: May 2023

Non-Tariff Measures (NTMs) are usually defined as trade costs. Their reduction through regulatory alignment increases trade and could thus be beneficial for countries concerned. NTMs include any regulations at and behind the border (i.e. domestic regulations) that may have an impact on trade. This view of NTMs does not account for potential benefits on public policy goals, welfare, value addition and trade flows. Further,asymmetricalNTM alignment between countries with strongly divergent regulatory standards will cause adjustment and compliance costs. Here we integrate the effects of compliance costs for producers emerging from regulatory alignment into the ‘ÖFSE Global Trade’ model. We use the ongoing negotiations on the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement between the EU and Tunisia (ALECA) to empirically assess the compliance costs for Tunisian agricultural producers to align to EU standards and model potential economic impacts. Scenario designs for our simulation analysis build on firm surveys. Results show that North-South trade agreements with asymmetrical regulatory alignment involve substantial adjustment costs for Southern producers and lead to losses in exports, value-added and employment, resulting in high economic and social costs that need to be weighed by policy-makers against any perceived long run gains from regulatory alignment.
Data analysis with performance and privacy enhanced classification
Authors: Tajanpure Rupali , Muddana Akkalakshmi
Published: May 2023

Privacy is the main concern in cyberspace because, every single click of a user on Internet is recognized and analyzed for different purposes like credit card purchase records, healthcare records, business, personalized shopping store experience to the user, deciding marketing strategy, and the list goes on. Here, the user’s personal information is considered a risk process. Though data mining applications focus on statistically useful patterns and not on the personal data of individuals, there is a threat of unrestricted access to individual records. Also, it is necessary to maintain the secrecy of data while retaining the accuracy of data classification and quality as well. For real-time applications, the data analytics carried out should be time efficient. Here, the proposed Convolution-based Privacy Preserving Algorithm (C-PPA) transforms the input into lower dimensions while preserving privacy which leads to better mining accuracy. The proposed algorithm is evaluated over different privacy-preserving metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-measure. Simulations carried out show that the average increment in the accuracy of C-PPA is 14.15 for Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) classifier when compared with results without C-PPA. Overlap-add C-PPA is proposed for parallel processing which is based on overlap-add convolution. It shows an average accuracy increment of 12.49 for CNN. The analytics show that the algorithm benefits regarding privacy preservation, data utility, and performance. Since the algorithm works on lowering the dimensions of data, the communication cost over the Internet is also reduced.
Decreased Ventral Tegmental Area CB1R Signaling Reduces Sign Tracking and Shifts Cue–Outcome Dynamics in Rat Nucleus Accumbens
Authors: Bacharach Sam Z. , Martin David A. , Stapf Cassie A. , Sun Fangmiao , Li Yulong , Cheer Joseph F. , Calu Donna J.
Published: May 2023

Sign-tracking (ST) rats show enhanced cue sensitivity before drug experience that predicts greater discrete cue-induced drug seeking compared with goal-tracking or intermediate rats. Cue-evoked dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a neurobiological signature of sign-tracking behaviors. Here, we examine a critical regulator of the dopamine system, endocannabinoids, which bind the cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1R) in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to control cue-evoked striatal dopamine levels. We use cell type-specific optogenetics, intra-VTA pharmacology, and fiber photometry to test the hypothesis that VTA CB1R receptor signaling regulates NAc dopamine levels to control sign tracking. We trained male and female rats in a Pavlovian lever autoshaping (PLA) task to determine their tracking groups before testing the effect of VTA → NAc dopamine inhibition. We found that this circuit is critical for mediating the vigor of the ST response. Upstream of this circuit, intra-VTA infusions of rimonabant, a CB1R inverse agonist, during PLA decrease lever and increase food cup approach in sign-trackers. Using fiber photometry to measure fluorescent signals from a dopamine sensor, GRABDA(AAV9-hSyn-DA2m), we tested the effects of intra-VTA rimonabant on NAc dopamine dynamics during autoshaping in female rats. We found that intra-VTA rimonabant decreased sign-tracking behaviors, which was associated with increases in NAc shell, but not core, dopamine levels during reward delivery [unconditioned stimulus (US)]. Our results suggest that CB1R signaling in the VTA influences the balance between the conditioned stimulus-evoked and US-evoked dopamine responses in the NAc shell and biases behavioral responding to cues in sign-tracking rats.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSubstance use disorder (SUD) is a chronically relapsing psychological disorder that affects a subset of individuals who engage in drug use. Recent research suggests that there are individual behavioral and neurobiological differences before drug experience that predict SUD and relapse vulnerabilities. Here, we investigate how midbrain endocannabinoids regulate a brain pathway that is exclusively involved in driving cue-motivated behaviors of sign-tracking rats. This work contributes to our mechanistic understanding of individual vulnerabilities to cue-triggered natural reward seeking that have relevance for drug-motivated behaviors.
Fast and Slow Rhythms of Naturalistic Reading Revealed by Combined Eye-Tracking and Electroencephalography
Authors: Henke Lena , Lewis Ashley G. , Meyer Lars
Published: May 2023

Neural oscillations are thought to support speech and language processing. They may not only inherit acoustic rhythms, but might also impose endogenous rhythms onto processing. In support of this, we here report that human (both male and female) eye movements during naturalistic reading exhibit rhythmic patterns that show frequency-selective coherence with the EEG, in the absence of any stimulation rhythm. Periodicity was observed in two distinct frequency bands: First, word-locked saccades at 4-5 Hz display coherence with whole-head theta-band activity. Second, fixation durations fluctuate rhythmically at ∼1 Hz, in coherence with occipital delta-band activity. This latter effect was additionally phase-locked to sentence endings, suggesting a relationship with the formation of multi-word chunks. Together, eye movements during reading contain rhythmic patterns that occur in synchrony with oscillatory brain activity. This suggests that linguistic processing imposes preferred processing time scales onto reading, largely independent of actual physical rhythms in the stimulus.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe sampling, grouping, and transmission of information are supported by rhythmic brain activity, so-called neural oscillations. In addition to sampling external stimuli, such rhythms may also be endogenous, affecting processing from the inside out. In particular, endogenous rhythms may impose their pace onto language processing. Studying this is challenging because speech contains physical rhythms that mask endogenous activity. To overcome this challenge, we turned to naturalistic reading, where text does not require the reader to sample in a specific rhythm. We observed rhythmic patterns of eye movements that are synchronized to brain activity as recorded with EEG. This rhythmicity is not imposed by the external stimulus, which indicates that rhythmic brain activity may serve as a pacemaker for language processing.
Abstract Value Encoding in Neural Populations But Not Single Neurons
Authors: Fine Justin M. , Maisson David J.-N. , Yoo Seng Bum Michael , Cash-Padgett Tyler V. , Wang Maya Zhe , Zimmermann Jan , Hayden Benjamin Y.
Published: May 2023

An important open question in neuroeconomics is how the brain represents the value of offers in a way that is both abstract (allowing for comparison) and concrete (preserving the details of the factors that influence value). Here, we examine neuronal responses to risky and safe options in five brain regions that putatively encode value in male macaques. Surprisingly, we find no detectable overlap in the neural codes used for risky and safe options, even when the options have identical subjective values (as revealed by preference) in any of the regions. Indeed, responses are weakly correlated and occupy distinct (semi-orthogonal) encoding subspaces. Notably, however, these subspaces are linked through a linear transform of their constituent encodings, a property that allows for comparison of dissimilar option types. This encoding scheme allows these regions to multiplex decision related processes: they can encode the detailed factors that influence offer value (here, risky and safety) but also directly compare dissimilar offer types. Together these results suggest a neuronal basis for the qualitatively different psychological properties of risky and safe options and highlight the power of population geometry to resolve outstanding problems in neural coding.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTo make economic choices, we must have some mechanism for comparing dissimilar offers. We propose that the brain uses distinct neural codes for risky and safe offers, but that these codes are linearly transformable. This encoding scheme has the dual advantage of allowing for comparison across offer types while preserving information about offer type, which in turn allows for flexibility in changing circumstances. We show that responses to risky and safe offers exhibit these predicted properties in five different reward-sensitive regions. Together, these results highlight the power of population coding principles for solving representation problems in economic choice.
Effects of Sacubitril/Valsartan on Exercise Capacity in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction and the Role of Percentage of Delayed Enhancement Measured by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Predicting Therapeutic Response: A Multicentre Study
Authors: Nugara Cinzia , Giallauria Francesco , Vitale Giuseppe , Sarullo Silvia , Gentile Giovanni , Clemenza Francesco , Lo Voi Annamaria , Zarcone Antonino , Venturini Elio , Iannuzzo Gabriella , Coats Andrew JS , Sarullo Filippo M
Published: May 2023

Background: This study aims to evaluate the cardiopulmonary effects of sacubitril/valsartan therapy in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), investigating a possible correlation with the degree of myocardial fibrosis, as assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance. Methods: A total of 134 outpatients with HFrEF were enrolled. Results: After a mean follow-up of 13.3 ± 6.6 months, an improvement in ejection fraction and a reduction in E/A ratio, inferior vena cava size and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels were observed. At follow-up, we observed an increase in VO2 peak of 16% (p<0.0001) and in O2 pulse of 13% (p=0.0002) as well as an improvement in ventilatory response associated with a 7% reduction in the VE/VCO2 slope (p=0.0001). An 8% increase in the ΔVO2/Δ work ratio and an 18% increase in exercise tolerance were also observed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the main predictors of events during follow-up were VE/VCO2 slope >34 (OR 3.98; 95% CI [1.59–10.54]; p=0.0028); ventilatory oscillatory pattern (OR 4.65; 95% CI [1.55–16.13]; p=0.0052); and haemoglobin level (OR 0.35; 95% CI [0.21–0.55]; p<0.0001). In patients who had cardiac magnetic resonance, when delayed enhancement >4.6% was detected, a lower response after sacubitril/valsartan therapy was observed as expressed by improvement in ΔVO2 peak, O2 pulse, LVEF and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. No significant differences were observed in ΔVO2/Δ work and VE/VCO2 slope. Conclusion: Sacubitril/valsartan improves cardiopulmonary functional capacity in HFrEF patients. The presence of myocardial fibrosis on cardiac magnetic resonance is a predictor of response to therapy.
Glycolysis process activation in preserved red blood cells by nanotechnological treatment of resuspending solutions
Authors: Belousov A. N. , Malygon E. I. , Kalynychenko T. O. , Belousova E. Y. , Yavorskiy V. V. , Anoshyna M. Y.
Published: May 2023

Currently, the use of nanotechnology opens up new opportunities to influence the processes of anaerobic glycolysis and the activity of hexose monophosphate reactions in preserved erythrocytes. Components containing donor red blood cells on CPDA-1 preservative were examined. Modified solutions of 0.9% NaCl and with 5% glucose were used as resuspending solutions. The solutions were treated with magnetite nanoparticles (ICNB brand) by the Belousov method. The amounts of 2,3-DPG, ATP, reduced glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase were determined by spectrophotometry. This study opens up new possibilities for increasing the shelf life and functional activity of preserved erythrocytes. The study showed a reliable increase in ATP and reduced glutathione, a decrease in 2,3-DPG and glutathione peroxidase. It was found that the activation of anaerobic glycolysis was less pronounced in tests with modified physiological saline than in tests with glucose solution. On the contrary, the pentose glucose oxidation cycle prevailed. A comprehensive analysis of the data obtained indicates the membrane-protective effect of the modified resuspending solutions. The membrane-protective effect is due to an increase in ATP and reduced glutathione, which ensures the redox potential of the cell in an equilibrium state. Magnetite nanoparticles (ICNB) change the mobility and orientation of hydrogen protons in resuspending solutions. This polarizes the aqueous sector of the erythrocyte microenvironment due to van der Waals forces, which is the main reason for activation of ATP phosphate residue hydrolysis and switching of intracellular enzymes regulating anaerobic glycolysis and pentose phosphate cycle into the active state. As a result, transmembrane metabolism and metabolism change, the energy state of erythrocytes changes, and enzymes are activated. All this has a significant impact on the energy supply of preserved red blood cells and preservation of their functional activity under storage conditions at 2 to 6 ºС.
Prophylactic efficiency of the administration of vitamin, mineral and sorbent complexes on bone tissue in female rats against the background of chronic alcohol consumption
Authors: Makarenko O. A. , Kika V. V. , Khodakov I. V. , Khromagina L. M.
Published: May 2023

Among the general effects of alcohol use, it has a negative effect on the bone system, so the development of prevention methods is becoming an increasingly urgent problem. The present study was aimed at evaluating the efficiency of the preventive complexes for the bone system in chronic alcohol intoxication. The study was conducted on 2-month-old female rats for 104 days. Chronic alcoholism in animals was simulated by replacing drinking water with an ethanol solution, the concentration of which was gradually increased from 8–25%. The prophylactic was administered by introducing into the diet a complex of vitamins (P, C, D) and minerals (Cu, Mg, Zn, Se, Mn), the main component of which was crushed oyster shells processed with citric acid. The second prophylactic complex was the clay mineral montmorillonite in combination with vitamins P, C, D. The biochemical markers of resorption (elastase and acid phosphatase activity), osteogenesis (calcium content, alkaline phosphatase activity) and the state of the antioxidant system (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase activity, malondialdehyde content) were determined in bones (jaws and femurs). Chronic alcohol consumption led to an increase in the degree of atrophy of the alveolar process, a decrease in femur bone density due to a decrease in the mineral component in bone tissue, and did not affect the state of the lumbar vertebrae. Chronic alcohol intoxication led to a decrease in the level of calcium in the blood serum of rats, and to a decrease in the alkaline phosphatase activity and the calcium content in the bone tissue of the jaws and femur against the background of increases in the activities of acid phosphatase and elastase. A significant decrease in the activity of the main antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase) in bone tissue of animals against the background of an increase in the malondialdehyde content under conditions of chronic alcoholization has been established. The use of the complex with crushed oyster shells effectively prevented atrophy ofthe alveolar process in the jaws, did not affect the morphometric parameters in the femur and vertebrae, but normalized the activities of serum alkaline phosphatase and catalase, bone elastase, acid phosphatase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase against the background of restoring the levels of calcium and malondialdehyde both in the serum and in the bone tissue of rats subjected to chronic alcoholization. Prophylactic administration of the vitamin complex with montmorillonite had a much weaker effect on the studied indicators. The obtained research results allow us to conclude that the osteoprotective and antioxidant efficiency of the complex with crushed oyster shells is more pronounced than that of montmorillonite under conditions of chronic alcohol intoxication.
Influence of potassium p-aminobenzene thiosulfate on the membrane potential and ATPase activity of the plasmatic membrane of the embryos of weatherfish (Misgurnus fossіlis)
Authors: Yaremkevych О. , Lubenets V.
Published: May 2023

We studied the effects of the newly synthesized biologically active compound potassium aminobenzene thiosulfonate on electrophysiological parameters of the embryos of weatherfish (Misgurnus fossіlis L.), in particular the dynamics of transmembrane potential (TMP) of the plasmatic membranes of the weatherfish and the activity of the membrane enzyme Na+/K+–ATPase during synchronous cleavage of blastomeres in early embryogenesis. A slight impairment of electrogenesis of the cellular membranes under the action of potassium aminobenzene thiosulfonate indicates changes in the permeability of plasmatic membrane and transport of electrogenic ions. This was related to the inhibition of biosynthetic processes in the first hours of the development of embryos, which led to 60.6 ± 2.6% decrease in the activity of membrane pump when subject to high (10–3 М) concentration of potassium aminobenzene thiosulfonate. Its activity further recovered to the level of the control only in 10–8 М concentration. Also, we conducted a comparative analysis of the effects potassium aminobenzenethiosulfonate had on the activity of the membrane pump of embryos in in vivo and in vitro experiments. We determined that the action of the examined compound depends on the presence of a correspondding concentration in the embryo incubation medium. To characterize the variability of changes in the activity of membrane pump of the embryos in the conditions of action of potassium aminobenzene thiosulfonate, we determined constants of semi-inhibition (І50) by linearization of the developed concentration-effect curves using Hill’s plot. To determine which factors contribute to the changes in the activity of membrane pump the most, namely, various concentrations of potassium p-aminobenzene thiosulfonate, duration of the development of embryos or other factors that had not been taken into account, we performed a dispersion analysis of how these factors affect the variability of the studied parameter. We determined that the extent of variability of the activity of the membrane pump is also determined by the effect of different concentrations of potassium p-aminobenzene thiosulfonate, and the factor of time of embryo development. The electronic-microscopic study of weatherfish’s blastomeres subject to potassium p-aminobenzene thiosulfonate revealed the changes in the ultrastructure of mitochondria, which led to inhibition of their matrix and electron transport chain, and therefore decrease the efficiency of ATP production and energy-dependent processes.
Konsep Hijab Menurut Murtadha Muthahhari dan Relevansinya dengan Persoalan Etis dan Teologis
Authors: Tawakalni Annisa , Hambali Radea Yuli Ahmad , Albustomi Ahmad Gibson
Published: May 2023

Hijab in Islam is an order to women to cover his body when socializing with the opposite sex. Hijab can be a "boundarous" of the intervals between women and men to correspond to ethical values so as not to lead to adultery. However, the current reality shows the free social and women-related social reachers have reached at a worrying rate, especially targeting millenniums that can freely associate with the opposite sex. This study discusses the concept of Hijab according to Murtadha Muthahhari and its relevance to the ethical and theological issues. The purpose of this study is to describe the concept of Hijab according to Murtadha Muthahhari and its relevance with the ethical and theological issues. This research applies qualitative methods to literature approaches. The results of this study indicate that in human history, the fundamental reasons of the empowerment of the hijab for women. Among the reasons of philosophical, economic, social, ethical and psychological. For Muthahhari the reasons do not match the teachings of Islam. Islam has its own reasons for the empowerment of hijab to the Muslims. Among them are families, the welfare of women, and society.
Fenomena Biro Jodoh melalui Aplikasi Tantan Era Milenial dalam Pandangan Hadis
Authors: Muhajirin Muhajirin , Patricia Putri Regina
Published: May 2023

This study aims to discuss the phenomenon of matchmaking bureaus through the millennial era tantan application in the view of hadith. The methods used by researchers are descriptive-qualitative through literature studies. The results and discussions in this study include the definition of a matchmaking bureau, the positive and negative impacts of a matchmaking bureau, the definition of a tantan application, the mechanism for using a tantan application and hadith analysis. This study concluded that based on the hadith of Ibn Majah gained an understanding that it is okay to make friends and even find a partner through social media. However, you must be more careful because in addition to many positive impacts, of course there are negative impacts that can occur if misused.
Fenomena Judi Online Terhadap Kecenderungan Pemahaman Hadis di Era Disrupsi Digital
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Isroyo Citra Pertiwi
Published: May 2023

This study aims to discuss the understanding of hadith on the phenomenon of online gambling in the era of digital disruption. The method used in this study is qualitative with a descriptive approach and also library research or a form of data collection through literature. The results and discussion of this study show that online gambling is not allowed. Islam makes gambling a serious mistake and despises what a form of gambling is. As for this criminal gambling included in the jarimah ta'zir, everyone commits forbidden deeds and has no had, qisas, and kafarat, for the judge is given the freedom to punish with ta'zir based on his ijtihad which in case can prevent him from repeating his deeds of being beaten or imprisoned and given minor contempt. As for the provisions of the jarimah ta'zir which remain non-existent, all are left to the government or the courts, in which case it is the judge who determines, as for the intent of this determination.
Tren Akun Instagram Lambe Turah sebagai Pemicu Kontroversi Ditinjau dari Perspektif Hadis
Authors: Nadhiran Hedhri , Riswana Amanda Tria
Published: May 2023

The latest news is not only obtained from television shows, but also through gossip accounts on social media. One of them is an account called @lambeturah. The purpose of this study is to discuss the Lambe Turah Instagram account as a trigger for controversy from the perspective of the hadith of the Prophet Saw. About liars who convey information that is not necessarily true and exaggerate the information. This type of research uses qualitative methods, namely the method of analyzing data not in the form of numbers using a library research approach. This study concludes that in this Instagram account tren there is an element of lies, this can be seen from the delivery of news which is only based on assumptions. It can also be seen from the description of the hadith about the delivery of authentic quality news that the Prophet Saw. taught us to say good things and be silent. This study recommends to the public as a guide before receiving news, to be more careful in using social media.
Pemikiran Nursamad Kamba tentang Formulasi Tauhid
Authors: Hudatullah Ahmad , Qomaruzzaman Bambang , Yumna Yumna
Published: May 2023

Tawhid according to the Sufis is different from the meaning of the Theologians. The purpose of this study is to discuss tawhid in Nursamad Kamba's thinking and the mechanisms for achieving it. This research methodology uses qualitative using literature research. The results of this study show that in Nursamad Kamba's view tauhid is an experience of manliness or mortal', mortal can be obtained through the makrifat mechanism which is divided into two ta'aruf and ta'rif. Tawhid is the result of the integration of three potentials in the human mind, namely intellectual, psychic and spiritual, so there needs to be further study of the sufistic psychoanalysis of Nursamad Kamba's perspective.
Keeping Pets from the Hadith Perspective
Authors: Kher Abdul , Widiyanto Muhammad Rizki , Rahim Moh Abdul
Published: May 2023

This study aims to discuss keeping pets from the perspective of the hadith. This study uses a qualitative approach by applying the analytical descriptive method. The formal object of this research is the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad regarding pets. The results of this research and discussion show that we are taught to love each other with fellow living beings, including pets. This study concludes that it is permissible to keep animals that are not prohibited by the Shari'a such as dogs and the importance of paying attention to the things that are needed by the pets they have, from eating, drinking, sheltering and so on.
Cirurgia transoral de tireóide e paratireóide no Brasil: onde estamos?
Authors: TENÓRIO LUCAS RIBEIRO , BERTELLI ANTONIO AUGUSTO , NAKAI MARIANNE YUMI , MENEZES MARCELO BENEDITO , RUSSELL JONATHON OWEN , GONÇALVES ANTONIO JOSÉ
Published: May 2023

RESUMO Introdução: a cirurgia de tireoide por via transoral vestibular é uma realidade em muitos países. Embora várias outras técnicas de acesso remoto tenham sido desenvolvidas nos últimos 20 anos, muitas não eram reprodutíveis. A cirurgia endoscópica cervical transoral (TNS - Transoral Neck Surgery) tem se mostrado reprodutível em diferentes centros ao redor do mundo sendo que, aproximadamente cinco anos após sua descrição, foi adotada de forma relativamente rápida por vários motivos. Até o momento, existem pelo menos 7 estudos brasileiros publicados, incluindo uma série de mais de 400 casos. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a evolução da Cirurgia Transoral do Pescoço (TNS) no Brasil e descrever o perfil dos cirurgiões envolvidos nesta nova abordagem. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo descritivo. Uma pesquisa online hospedada no REDCap sobre tireoidectomia e paratireoidectomia endoscópica transoral por abordagem vestibular (TOETVA/TOEPVA) foi realizada com 66 cirurgiões brasileiros. Foram levantados dados sobre o perfil do cirurgião, número de casos realizados por região geográfica, que tipo de treinamento foi necessário antes do primeiro caso e comportamento do cirurgião durante o relacionamento com o paciente ao abordar essas novas técnicas. Resultados: a taxa de resposta desta pesquisa foi de 53%. Até o momento, 1.275 casos de TOETVA/TOEPVA foram realizados no Brasil, sendo 1.229 tireoidectomias (96,4%), 42 paratireoidectomias (3,3%) e 4 procedimentos combinados (0,3%). A maioria dos casos foi realizada na região sudeste (821, 64,4%), 538 (42,2%) casos no estado de São Paulo e 283 (22,2%) casos no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Conclusões: a TOETVA está se popularizando no Brasil. Cirurgiões mais jovens, especialmente aqueles entre 30 e 50 anos, são mais propensos a adotar essa abordagem.
Perfil do cirurgião do trauma no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: BALDISSERA NEIVA , FONSECA MARIANA KUMAIRA , CUNHA CARLOS EDUARDO BASTIAN DA , RIBEIRO JOÃO ANTÔNIO MENEZES , DALCIN ROBERTA RIGO , SCHNEIDER ROGÉRIO FETT
Published: May 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o perfil dos cirurgiões do trauma formados no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, incluindo dados demográficos, distribuição geográfica, remuneração, e perspectivas relacionadas à área de atuação. Método: estudo transversal do tipo inquérito, baseado em informações coletadas por meio de questionário enviado via plataforma digital para os profissionais da amostra em questão. Resultados: a taxa de resposta dos questionários foi de 64% (n=75). Houve predomínio do sexo masculino (72%) com idade média de 43 anos. A maior parte dos profissionais foi graduada pelo Hospital de Pronto Socorro de Porto Alegre, e atua em serviços de referência em Cirurgia do Trauma na capital e região metropolitana. Mais de 60% não realizou outra formação em subespecialidade cirúrgica, embora apenas um terço dos profissionais tenha declarado que a Cirurgia do Trauma seja sua principal fonte de renda. Conclusão: os centros de trauma são mal distribuídos e a maioria dos profissionais atua em hospitais de referência da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Devido ao baixo reconhecimento, incentivo financeiro limitado e desgaste da modalidade de trabalho em regime de plantão, a carreira com dedicação exclusiva na área de Cirurgia do Trauma é pouco atrativa, com apenas um terço dos profissionais desempenhando a maior parte de suas atividades na área.
Trauma surgery workforce in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: BALDISSERA NEIVA , FONSECA MARIANA KUMAIRA , CUNHA CARLOS EDUARDO BASTIAN DA , RIBEIRO JOÃO ANTÔNIO MENEZES , DALCIN ROBERTA RIGO , SCHNEIDER ROGÉRIO FETT
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the current scope of certified trauma surgeons trained in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, including demographic data, geographic distribution, remuneration, and perspectives related to this specialty. Method: cross-sectional survey based on information collected through an electronic questionnaire sent to potential participants. Results: the response rate was 64% (n=75). There was a predominance of males (72%) with a mean age of 43 years. Most surgeons graduated from the Hospital de Pronto Socorro de Porto Alegre, and work in referral centers for trauma surgery in the capital and metropolitan region. More than 60% did not have any other training in a surgical subspecialty, though only a third stated that trauma surgery is their main source of income. Conclusion: trauma centers are poorly distributed and most surgeons work in referral hospitals in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre. Due to the lack of recognition, limited financial income and shift work patterns, the career in trauma surgery care is unattractive, with only one third of surgeons performing most of their activities in this specialty.