bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Solubility and Taste Masked Behaviour of Cyclodextrin Molecular Inclusion Complex of Lumefantrin
Authors: Bijwar Rahul , Tare Harshal
Published: January 2024

Lumefantrine is an antimalarial drugs used especially for pediatric persons. β-Cyclodextrine is used to improve the taste of lumefantrine by forming complexes with them by the solvent evaporation method, respectively. β-Cyclodextrine prevent the release of drug in the saliva. Lumefantrine is a bitter drug. So masking of bitter taste in the formulation is a prerequisite as it improves the compliance of the patient and product value. Lumefantrine with β-cyclodextrin in a drug-polymer ratio 1:1 gave complete taste masking with a satisfactory result obtained in term of in-vivo and in-vitro evaluation visual inspection revealed that lumefantrine was yellow-crystalline. The melting point of lumefantrine was found to be 127℃, respectively. The standard calibration curve of Lumefantrine shows a slope 0.0108 and a correlation coefficient of 0.9997. Compatibility studies show that drugs are compatible with polymers. Solubility study show that the solubility of both drugs are increased in phosphate buffer 6.8 by successfully forming a complex with β-cyclodextrin. The solubility of lumefantrine in saliva (pH 6.8) is 0.408 mg/mL, after complex forming with β-cyclodextrine the solubility of (Lumefantrine complex) is 0.526 mg/mL. In an in-vitro drug release investigation, taste masking occurs when the amount of drug substance in dissolved media is either below the detection threshold for recognizing its taste or is undetectable in the early time points (between 0 and 5 minutes). Taste masking (Taste perception test) 11 volunteers are selected for this test, results show that complex is taste masked successfully. Lumefantrine with β-Cyclodextrine complex is a hopeful approach to enhance solubility, dissolution and drug taste.
Application of Box-Behnken Design in Optimization of Clobetasol-loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier for Topical Use
Authors: Sharma Devkant , Sharma Anjali , Ghosh Niladry , Singh Ranjit , Singh Prabhjot , Mishra Dinesh K
Published: January 2024

The objective of this study was to optimize nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) for clobetasol propionate using Box-Behnken design (BBD). The formulation was developed by incorporating oleic acid, compritol ATO-888, and tween 80, using the hot homogenization method. The BBD, which employed a 3-level, 3-factor design, investigated the impact of lipid ratio, surfactant concentration, and sonication time on particle size, polydispersity index, and entrapment efficiency (EE). By analyzing the models through ANOVA and diagnostic plots, the optimized formulation composition was selected using the desirability function. The results indicated that a drug-lipid ratio of 1:7.5 was optimal for all formulations. The spherical-shaped nanostructured lipid carriers had a size of 168.3 ± 0.367 μm, a polydispersity index of 0.248183 ± 0.2847, an EE of 85.4 ± 0.384%, and a desirability value of 0.979. Overall, the use of BBD proved to be a valuable tool in developing optimized NLC with desired properties.
Development of Fast Release Aminated Tamarind Gum Carrier-based Solid Dispersion containing Tablets of Ketoconazole for Solubility and Dissolution Rate Enhancement
Authors: Velhal Atish B , Salunkhe Vijay R
Published: January 2024

This work enhances the solubility as well as dissolution of the biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) II drug ketoconazole (KTZ) using fast-dissolving tablets that contain solid aminated tamarind gum (ATG). In the first stage amination of the tamarind gum was done to form ATG and which was confirmed by the presence of characteristic peaks using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). DSC-TGA analysis showed a weight loss with 3.91% at 100℃, 54.42% loss at 235 to 425℃ and 90% at 485℃. The proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) showed all resonance peaks observed in ATG. The XRD analysis of ATG confirmed the amorphous nature of the material. The second phase involved developing KTZ-loaded solid dispersion (SD) using the kneading process. KTZ SD showed drug content of 94.55 to 97.21%. SD of KTZ manufactured with TG showed 2.55 to 23.82-fold solubility enhancement in water while in case of SD with ATG showed 28.51 to 33.19-fold solubility enhancement. KTZ had a 32% dissolution rate in the pure drug sample, but the SD5 formulation showed a complete release of solid dispersion in 120 minutes. In FTIR, the disappearance of the peak signifies the production of solid dispersion and the drug’s transformation from a crystalline to an amorphous state. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis of solid dispersions reveals a notable decline in crystallinity, as shown by the removal of strong, distinguishing peaks. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis confirmed the successful development of the SD in which KTZ was observed to be dispersed in a polymeric carrier. Optimized KTZ-loaded SD were utilized in fast-dissolving tablets as the third phase. When compared to the drug release achieved from solid dispersions, it was discovered that the dissolving characteristics of all formulation batches were improved.
Wound Healing Potential of Polyherbal Dusting Powder for the Treatment of Bedsores
Authors: Surse Sunita N , Sonawane Shweta I , Sananse Priyanka P , Kankate Rani S , Patil Moreshwar P , Kshirsagar Sanjay J
Published: January 2024

A bed sore is also known as a pressure sore and is an open ulcer on the skin. Bedsores are mostly found on the skin that covers bony areas. The primary objective of this research project was to develop and test the polyherbal dusting powder containing an aqueous extract of Azhadirachta indica, Curcuma longa L., Aloe vera, and Tagetes erecta. The preliminary phytochemical investigation of aqueous extract was carried out. Selected herbs have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and wound-healing action needed for the treatment of bedsores. The powder was then tested for physical parameters like color, texture, smell, form, and pH), and micrometric parameters like size of particles, angle of repose, Hausner’s ratio, surface area, and other flow properties. The dosage form has been screened for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. The formulation showed significant antimicrobial activity as compared to the standard povidone iodine drug. In the skin irritation and wound healing studies performed on albino wistar rats, significant effects were observed with 200 mg of powder. According to the in-vivo study, polyherbal dusting powder has been shown to be effective in the treatment of bedsores and can be further investigated.
Pre-clinical and In-silico Analysis of the Augmentation of Dermal Regeneration by Punica granatum Linn Fruit Peel in Rats
Authors: Varghese Nimmy , Shetty Prerana , Samani Srusha , Ashtekar Harsha
Published: January 2024

Background: Pomegranate is a very delicious fruit having miraculous properties. It contains flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, organic acid and water-soluble vitamins which contribute to a wide variety of pharmacological activity. We investigated the dermal regeneration bracing potential of the extract of Punica granatum L. dried peel. Also, computational studies for finding the phytochemicals responsible for the pharmacological activity was carried out. Methods: Fruit peel of P. granatum L. was collected, dried and extracted by maceration using ethanol. We employed in-vivo screening methods viz. excision, incision and dead space wound repair animal models, silver sulfadiazine ointment was used as a reference standard. Results: Dose-dependent and significant (p <0.05) bracing of dermal regeneration was observed.
Design and Development of Insulin Loaded Microspheres for Oral Delivery
Authors: Vishwakarma Rinki , Tare Harshal , Jain Sachin K
Published: January 2024

Protease inhibitor-encapsulated human insulin microspheres were developed and evaluated in this research in order to determine the optimal formulation. Manufacturing human insulin microspheres involved coating them with eudragit S-100, stabilizing them with polyvinyl alcohol, and evaporating the solvent from w/o/w multiple emulsions. Excellent encapsulation efficiency and pH-dependent controlled release were demonstrated by human insulin-loaded eudragit L-100 microspheres with a protease inhibitor. This helped encapsulate and transfer insulin to the best absorption zone. Thus, insulin absorption and physiological response increased. Thus, insulin formulations enhance efficacy, making microsphere insulin injection more efficient as a diabetic treatment. Drug-polymer ratio affects microsphere size and form. The effect of emulsifying agent amount on microsphere size and manufacturing yield. Eudrajit RL, microspheres loaded with insulin, are more successfully formulated and manufactured at optimal concentrations of polymer and emulsifying agent
Isolation of Gum from Tamarind and Fenugreek Plants and Its Evaluation as Pharmaceutical Excipients
Authors: Chaudhari SR , Dhuppad UR
Published: January 2024

In contemporary pharmaceutical dosage forms, a variety of auxiliary substances are combined with active compounds to aid in production and achieve the intended effects of the active components. Plant gum is a widely recognized polysaccharide within the pharmaceutical industry, performing an array of functions including stabilizing, disintegrating, suspending, emulsifying, and gelling. Naturally occurring gum is preferred over commercially produced gum due to its affordability, emollient properties, non-irritating nature, natural composition, and lack of toxicity. The costly nature, hazardous properties, contribution to environmental contamination during production, reliance on non-renewable resources, potential adverse effects, and low patient adherence are all drawbacks of synthetic polymers. Gum exhibits considerable potential as an innovative drug delivery system (NDDS) in conjunction with a variety of pharmacological formulations. The advancements achieved in the application of natural polysaccharides, mucilages, and pectins within the domain of medicinal sciences are examined in this research article.
Therapeutic and Anticancer Properties of Nerium oleander– A Poison as Medicine
Authors: James Akhila R , Jayaprakash Sakthidasan
Published: January 2024

Cancer is a heterogeneous disease and ranks among the most pressing health concerns faced by humans and requires a proactive treatment approach. Plants are a rich source of compounds and offer a promising avenue for cancer research. Chemotherapy has so far been effective, but it comes with some very unpleasant side effects. Nerium oleander, an evergreen plant cultivated throughout the world, has many metabolites, including cardiac glycosides, phenols, saponins and terpenoids. The plant and its derivatives have been an essential component of traditional medicine for treating several ailments from the beginning of time, notably cancer, diabetes mellitus, asthma, and cardiac disease. However, the scientific community has not gone much further into the information. This review aims to understand the therapeutic applications of N. oleander, focusing on cancer. The leaf extract, anvirzel and PBI-05204 has entered clinical trials and other derivates like oleandrin and breast in are still under in-vitro and in-vivo studies. In order to combat cancer, the plant operates on several cancer-related signaling pathways, including the Akt mTOR downstream pathway.
A Birds Eye View on Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Applications in Drug Delivery System
Authors: Pagar Anita H , Pawar Ashish Y
Published: January 2024

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) might provide fresh opportunities for treating challenging ailments. The SLN were established in the 1990s to replace emulsions and liposomes, in addition to polymeric nanoparticles (NP) as carrier systems. SLN are wet cohesive dispersions with solid biodegradable lipids as their matrices. Drug delivery techniques called SLN use both liquid and solid lipids as their primary matrices. It was demonstrated that SLNs have several benefits over conventional carriers for drug therapy, a longer half-life, tissue-targeted administration, higher permeability, enhanced bioavailability, enhanced solubility, as well as the capacity to enhance storage stability. Because of their exclusive size-dependent characteristics as well as their capability towards incorporating drugs, SLN’s currently a possibility towards designing promising pharmacological prototypes for drug transport as well as targeting. The objective of tailored as well as monitored drug delivery is now unsettling researchers’ interests across the globe, and can be accomplished through the support of SLNs. The present investigation emphasizes SLNs’ numerous characteristics as well as development and evaluation processes, formulation factors, delivery routes, surface changes, toxicity, and biomedical applications
Peran Ayah dalam Pembentukan Karakter Anak: Telaah Surah Luqman Ayat 12-14
Authors: Ma’arif Tarigan Mhd. Rafi’i , Mahabatul Ainiah Eka , Lubis Aswan , Yunus Lubis Muhammad , Mustika Amalia Dian
Published: January 2024

Abstrak

Fathers have a characteristic role in the family, namely the breadwinner, in this case the father is responsible for all family needs. One of the roles of fathers in educating children is modeling to children in terms of wisdom and being responsible for planning and decision making in a matter. This study aims to understand the figure of the father's role in teaching character education to children in Surah Luqman verses 12-14. This exploration uses a literature study research method with a descriptive-analytical approach. The results of this study indicate that in Surah Luqman verses 12-14 show that Luqman advised his son with advice that was not patronizing and there were also no accusations, because parents only want children to be good and only parents are their children's advisors. The character of a good father in Islam is depicted in Luqman, who always takes care of the child with love, advises the child with gentle words, and instills religious character education to the child.
DEVELOPMENT OF LKPD USING A PROBLEM BASED LEARNING MODEL BASED ON ETHNOMATHEMATICS ON CIRCLE MATERIAL SMP CLASS VIII
Authors: Marsella Melsa , Lusiana Lusiana , Rohana Rohana
Published: January 2024

The aim of this development research is to produce LKPD using the Ethnomathematics-based Problem Based Learning Model in SMP Class VIII on Circle Material that is valid, practical, and has potential effects. The ethnomathematics used in this research is the architecture of the Abdul Kadim grand mosque. Development research was carried out using the ADDIE model which consists of 5 stages, namely: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation. This research was tested on students in class VIII of SMP Negeri 1 Sekayu, the sample in this study was limited to students in class VIII.2 of SMP Negeri 1 Sekayu. The data collection instruments used were observations, validation sheets, questionnaires and tests. The analysis technique used is quantitative analysis. So, the results of this research show that the Student Worksheet (LKPD) developed is in the very valid category based on the validity aspect with an average percentage score of 89.7%, based on the practicality aspect with an average percentage score of 84% categorized as very practical , as well as the potential effect on student learning outcomes of 88.8%.
DEVELOPMENT OF ONE PAIR ALL SHAPE FOR PLANE FIGURES MATERIALS IN GRADE VII OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Bagus Satria Tu , Izzati Nur
Published: January 2024

This research aims to provide a solution to the challenges encountered in learning mathematics, particularly regarding plane figures. This specific area of study necessitates teaching aids that can effectively illustrate plane figures to students. The research primarily focuses on developing a teaching prop that enhances students' comprehension of flat shape materials. The study follows a research and development methodology, which involves product development and quality assessment. For data analysis, descriptive quantitative methods utilizing Sugiyono's descriptive percentage technique are employed to evaluate the product's validity. Based on material and media validation tests, the "One Pair All Shape" prop meets the criteria for both material and form suitability, as assessed by four validators. The material expert validation resulted in an 86.7% rating, while the media expert validation yielded an 84% rating, indicating a very valid category for both aspects.
Novel machine learning approach toward classification model of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors
Authors: Phan Tieu-Long , Le Hoang-Son Lai , Truong Gia-Bao , Trinh The-Chuong , To Van-Thinh , Nguyen Phuoc-Chung Van , Pham Thanh-An , Truong Tuyen Ngoc
Published: January 2024

HIV-1 (Human immunodeficiency virus-1) has been causing severe pandemics by attacking the immune system of its host. Left untreated, it can lead to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), where death is inevitable due to opportunistic diseases. Therefore, discovering new antiviral drugs against HIV-1 is crucial. This study aimed to explore a novel machine learning approach to classify compounds that inhibit HIV-1 integrase and screen the dataset of repurposing compounds. The present study had two main stages: selecting the best type of fingerprint or molecular descriptor using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and building a computational model based on machine learning. In the first stage, we calculated 16 different types of fingerprint or molecular descriptors from the dataset and used each of them as input features for 10 machine-learning models, which were evaluated through cross-validation. Then, a meta-analysis was performed with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to select the optimal fingerprint or molecular descriptor types. In the second stage, we constructed a model based on the optimal fingerprint or molecular descriptor type. This data followed the machine learning procedure, including data preprocessing, outlier handling, normalization, feature selection, model selection, external validation, and model optimization. In the end, an XGBoost model and RDK7 fingerprint were identified to be the most suitable. The model achieved promising results, with an average precision of 0.928 ± 0.027 and an F1-score of 0.848 ± 0.041 in cross-validation. The model achieved an average precision of 0.921 and an F1-score of 0.889 in external validation. Molecular docking was performed and validated by redocking for docking power and retrospective control for screening power, with the AUC metrics being 0.876 and the threshold being identified at –9.71 kcal/mol. Finally, 44 compounds from DrugBank repurposing data were selected from the QSAR model, then three candidates were identified as potential compounds from molecular docking, and PSI-697 was detected as the most promising molecule, with in vitro experiment being not performed (docking score: -17.14 kcal/mol, HIV integrase inhibitory probability: 69.81%)
SHP-1 Variants Broaden the Understanding of pH-Dependent Activities in Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
Authors: Shen Ruidan , Brownless Alfie-Louise , Alansson Nikolas , Corbella Marina , Kamerlin Shina Caroline Lynn , Hengge Alvan
Published: January 2024

The protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) SHP-1 plays an important role in both immune regulation and oncogenesis. This enzyme is part of a broader family of PTPs that all play important regulatory roles in vivo. Common to these enzymes is a highly conserved aspartic acid (D421 in SHP-1) that acts as an acid/base catalysis during the PTP-catalyzed reaction. This residue is located on a mobile loop, the WPD-loop, the dynamical behavior of which is intimately connected to catalytic activity. The SHP-1 WPD-loop variants H422Q, E427A, and S418A have been kinetically characterized and compared to the WT enzyme. These variants exhibit limiting magnitudes of kcat ranging from 43% to 77% of the WT enzyme. However, their pH profiles are significantly broadened in the basic pH range. As a result, above pH 6 the E427A and S418A variants have notably higher turnover numbers than WT SHP-1. Molecular modeling results indicate that the shifted pH dependencies result primarily from changes in solvation and hydrogen-bonding networks that affect the pKa of the D421 residue, explaining the changes in pH-rate profiles for kcat on the basic side. In contrast, a previous study of a noncatalytic residue variant of the PTP YopH, which also exhibited changes in pH dependency, showed that catalytic change arose from mutation-induced changes in conformational equilibria of the WPD-loop. That finding, and the present study, show the existence of distinct strategies for nature to tune the activity of PTPs in particular environments through controlling the pH-dependency of catalysis.
ASSESSMENT ON ADOPTION OF IMPROVED MAIZE VARIETY AND MAIZE PRODUCTION PRACTICES IN BAITADI, NEPAL
Authors: Upadhayay Bijaya , Poudel Ajay , Rokaya Pradeep Raj , Chand Santosh , Mahat Bhimsen
Published: January 2024

The main objective of this study is to assess the status of adoption of improved maize varieties and cultivation practices of maize in Baitadi district. This study aims to identify the determinants of adoption of improved maize variety (IMV) among farmers and their cultivation practices in Baitadi district and subsequently ascertain the factors influencing the intensity of IMV adoption. The study areas; Dashrathchand-2, Dashrathchand-9, Patan-4 and Pancheshor-6 were selected purposively as these were under the command area of maize zone. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, independent samples t-test, probit model and index score ranking method were used for the data analysis. The productivity of local variety was found 2mt/ha and improved variety was 3.51mt/ha. Majority of farmer preferred to cultivate local and improved variety with Manakamana being the most adopted improved variety. Membership of agricultural groups and training related to maize cultivation were the major determinants of improved variety adoption. Unavailability of seed in vicinity followed by higher cost of seed were the major constraints faced by the farmers in adopting improved maize variety. Distant market and gap between fragment and retail price are the major marketing problem faced by the farmers. Thus, the study concluded that improving farmers’ education, expanding coverage and depth of extension services and firming up farmer associations are suitable policy actions for promoting adoption of improved maize varieties. It is also important to address availability, accessibility and affordability issues constraining adoption of improved varieties and technologies, enhance credit access for farmers and mitigate risk perceptions.
PRODUCTION, MARKETING AND ECONOMIC DYNAMICS OF MANGO AT BHERIGANGA MUNICIPALITY, SURKHET, NEPAL
Authors: Man Thapa Dhirendra , Devkota Bipana , Prasad Subedi Hari , Bahadur Karki Keshav , Basnet Subash
Published: January 2024

The present study was carried out to assess the production, marketing and economic dynamics of mango in Bheriganga Municipality of Surkhet district in 2022. Purposefully, 81 mango growers having minimum mango orchards of 1 hectare in size and 10 to 15 years old were selected. A pre-tested and standard interview schedule was employed for a household survey to collect primary data. The findings of the study revealed that mango farming has a major contribution to household income. Dashari variety of mango was very popular among farmers and gradually changed the production system from subsistence to market oriented. The mango growers in the study area contributed an average NRs 189286.4 in cost of production/ha with average productivity of 11383.2 kg/ha. Gross revenue and net incomes were 628352.64 Rs/ha and 439066.24 Rs/ha respectively. BC ratio, profit-to-revenue ratio and input-output ratio were 2.32, 69.88 and 3.32 respectively. However, all the findings revealed with mango production were significant, but marketing is not well-organized, and the prices offered by each channel vary. In addition, farmers were more likely to exclude from market information due to long value chains, a lack of transparency and the presence of too many players. Despite serious irrigation, disease and insect problems, farmers were still able to produce a significant number of mangoes. However, due to the monopolized market system of middlemen and negligible efforts for value-addition practices, farmers were forced to accept lower farm gate prices while retail prices of those products were high. It was necessary to strengthen the marketing system, establish processing industries, and mobilize resources to give more negotiating power to the farmers because there was so much potential for value addition.
PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF BANANA IN NEPAL: GROWTH TREND AND A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Ghimire Binod , C. Dhakal Shiva , Marahatta Santosh , Kafle Narayan , C. Bastakoti Ram , Sharma Sujeeta
Published: January 2024

Fruit crops are the dynamic source of nutrition, employment and income. The growth trend in area, production and productivity of Banana fruit in Nepal for 30 years (1990-2019) was estimated from secondary data using compound annual growth rate (CAGR), instability and decomposition analysis along with comparative review on benefit cost analysis with India. Tremendous high growth in world’s banana area (57.19%), production (160.58%) and yield (65.77%) were observed in time period between 1989 to 2019 A.D. India is the largest producer whereas; Indonesia represents highest yield with 55.06 mt/ha. The overall CAGR of 30 years in area, production and productivity for Nepalese Banana is 5.96%, 6.38% and 0.40% respectively which seems very positive and showing greater potentiality and need to maintain stability with significant growth in yield. Decomposition analysis resulted yield effect 86.90% and was most responsible for increasing production of banana with interaction effect 10.66% indicating that the area has been playing a driving force in the differential production of Banana in Nepal. Higher income from banana farming was observed in India, compared to Nepal. Although, study shows greater opportunity and potentiality; lack of adequate research and high yielding varieties, small farm size, poor management and post-harvest technologies, smooth value chain linkages and seasonal production and price fluctuations are the major constraints of banana sector.
PREFERENCE FOR CREDIT SOURCES IN RURAL AREAS: THE CASE OF SMALL RICE PRODUCERS IN CÔTE D'IVOIRE
Authors: Daniel Gniza Innocent
Published: January 2024

This study’s goal is to investigate the socioeconomic variables that influence small-scale rice growers in Côte d’Ivoire’s need for financing from various sources. The study assessed producers’ choice of various credit sources, including banks, credit unions, people, and input suppliers, using a multivariate Probit model applied to data collected from a sample of 1429 producers acquired through multilevel stratified sampling in the departments of Korhogo, Ferké and Man in Côte d’Ivoire. The findings indicate that the choice of credit source is influenced by age, gender, the number of children in the household, the cultivation of cash crops, the value of farm equipment, off-farm activities, household income, contact with extension agent, the distance from town, the main activity, group membership, the level of technology applied to the plot, the ownership of livestock, the degree of self-consumption, the number of assets owned, and geographical location. These sources are substitutable from the producers’ perspective. Policy makers should take into account the characteristics of the available and appropriate credit sources in order to develop a credit market suitable for all smallholder farmers.
PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF BORO RICE FARMING: THE CASE OF NAOGAON DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Kiron Md. Asduzzaman
Published: January 2024

Agriculture is one of the major sectors in the economy of Bangladesh, because of its contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP), employment, and its interconnection with other sectors of the economy. This study was conducted to examine the measurement of farm profitability in Boro rice cultivation in the Naogaon district of Bangladesh. A total of 45 farmers were selected randomly from 4 villages in Naogaon District. Data were collected through a well-structured questionnaire with a simple random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics, cost-benefit analysis, and Cobb-Douglas production function were used to analyze this study. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) is applied to the data set of all farmers. Empirical results obtained from production function analysis considering hired labor, pesticides, planting, harvest and transport, and machinery costs positively affect Boro rice production while seed, fertilizer, plowing, and irrigation cost negatively affect Boro rice production. It is found that Boro rice cultivation is profitable in the study area. The average per bigha net return of Boro farming was Tk. 1694.11. The study also found some challenges to cultivate Boro rice in the study area. In the end, the study suggests some policies to enhance profitability in Boro rice cultivation in the Naogaon district and overcome the challenges
CROSS-INDUSTRY INSIGHTS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF EFFECTIVE STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT BENEFITS
Authors: Daraojimba Chibuike , Okogwu Casandra , Egbokhaebho Blessed Afeyokalo , Raji Ahmed , Kolade Abosede Olusade , Olalere Bolaji Ismail
Published: January 2024

In an age of increasing project complexity and inter-industry collaboration, successful stakeholder management has emerged as a pivotal aspect of project management, ensuring that projects achieve their objectives and gain acceptance and support from all involved entities. This review article delves into the multifaceted realm of stakeholder management, focusing on its benefits in cross-industry projects – a relatively new and increasingly relevant area of study. Through a comprehensive analysis of recent studies, we elucidate the tangible and intangible advantages that effective stakeholder management brings to projects that span multiple industries. Key findings indicate that adept management of stakeholders leads to enhanced communication, reduced risks, optimal resource utilization, and project success. Furthermore, in cross-industry projects, it fosters innovation, drives alignment of industry-specific objectives, and facilitates knowledge sharing, thus yielding competitive advantages for all involved parties. This article aims to guide practitioners and researchers alike in understanding the pivotal role of stakeholder management in modern, inter-industry projects, highlighting its significance as a cornerstone for achieving synergistic project outcomes.
REVIEW OF ADVANCED WELDING AND TESTING FOR SAFETY IN OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS
Authors: Olalere Bolaji Ismail , Gidiagba Joachim Osheyor , Fawole Akeeb Adepoju , Egbokhaebho Blessed Afeyokalo , -Ehiobu Nwakamma Ninduwezuor , Okparaeke Jonathan Izuchukwu
Published: January 2024

The offshore oil and gas industry plays a crucial role in meeting global energy demands; however, it is fraught with inherent safety risks that necessitate constant welding and testing techniques advancements. This research paper reviews the significance of advanced welding and testing for safety in offshore oil and gas operations. This article explores traditional welding methods and their limitations in ensuring structural integrity and safety. It delves into a comprehensive analysis of advanced welding technologies, including friction stir welding, laser welding, and electron beam welding, highlighting their potential benefits in mitigating safety concerns. Moreover, the study examines the role of non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, such as ultrasonic testing, radiographic testing, and magnetic particle inspection, in evaluating weld quality and structural integrity. An emphasis is placed on integrating advanced welding techniques with NDT, demonstrating how this symbiotic relationship enhances safety and effectively identifies flaws and defects. Real-life case studies exemplify the practical implementation of these technologies in safeguarding offshore structures. The paper also addresses the challenges of adopting advanced welding and testing methods and envisions potential future developments in these technologies. Furthermore, it sheds light on existing regulatory frameworks and standards governing welding and testing in offshore operations, underscoring their role in ensuring safety and compliance.
Synaptobrevin2 monomers and dimers differentially engage to regulate the functional trans-SNARE assembly
Authors: Patil Swapnali S , Sanghrajka Kinjal , Sriram Malavika , Chakraborty Aritra , Majumdar Sougata , Bhaskar Bhavya R , Das Debasis
Published: January 2024

The precise cell-to-cell communication relies on SNARE-catalyzed membrane fusion. Among ∼70 copies of synaptobrevin2 (syb2) in synaptic vesicles, only ∼3 copies are sufficient to facilitate the fusion process at the presynaptic terminal. It is unclear what dictates the number of SNARE complexes that constitute the fusion pore assembly. The structure–function relation of these dynamic pores is also unknown. Here, we demonstrate that syb2 monomers and dimers differentially engage in regulating the trans-SNARE assembly during membrane fusion. The differential recruitment of two syb2 structures at the membrane fusion site has consequences in regulating individual nascent fusion pore properties. We have identified a few syb2 transmembrane domain residues that control monomer/dimer conversion. Overall, our study indicates that syb2 monomers and dimers are differentially recruited at the release sites for regulating membrane fusion events.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN WAKTU PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG DKK DAN GEDUNG PARKIR PANDANARAN KOTA SEMARANG ( Studi Kasus : PT. Sinar Cerah Sempurna )
Authors: Wibowo Doni Ari , Priyatno Bagus , Permata Suwandi Putri Anggi
Published: January 2024

Implementation of project time management is very important to ensure that the projeck can be on time. Failure in the implementation time management due to various constraints one of which is the delay of work due to the fault of the implementing party that is experiencing an obstacle. So it is very necessary to analyze the constraints faced by a construction service company  in appliying the time management. The method used to analyze the factors of project time management constraints is the analysis of the Saverity index, frequency index and importance index. The study was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 25 employees of PT. Sinar Cerah Sempurna on the construction of the DKK Building and Semarang City Pandanaran Parking Building. The time performance in the construction of the DKK Building and the Semarang City Pandanaran Parking Building based on the average deviation of the project time schedule showed a figure of 4.06%. Seen from table 4.38. The deviation value indicates that the figure is included in the average category. In addition, this can be seen from the results of the ranking analysis of the constraints that occur directly proportional to the project time schedule that is in progress Ranking of the 10 major obstacles to the implementation of time management are: difficulties in procurement of labor (8.64), slow mobilization of tools (8.17), lack of supervision and financial control (7.95), conflicts with other construction activities (7.83), low labor mobilization (7.83), lack of supervision of work performance and productivity (7.61), late delivery of materials (7.61), lack of communication and coordination between project implementation teams (7.50) , lack of equipment-related supervision (7.49) late payment to suppliers or subcontractors (7.44). The ranking of dominant factors that constrain the implementation of time management is seen from the main factors, namely: Labor factor with an interest index of (7.43), Factor tools with a factor of interest index of (7.25), Financial factors with a factor of interest index of (7.22),Communication factors and coordination with an interest index of (7.15), Planning factors with an interest index of (7.01), Material factors with an interest index of (6.97) and finally a supervision factor with an index of (6.84).
ANALISA DESAIN PELEBARAN PERKERASAN LENTUR PADA JALAN WOLTER MONGINSIDI SEMARANG
Authors: Trisno Trisno , Tegar Ais Anantatama , Husodo Ibnu Toto , Budirahardjo Slamet
Published: January 2024

Jalan merupakan salah satu dari prasarana transportasi yang mempunyai fungsivital dalam usaha pengembangan kehidupan masyarakat. Jalan juga termasuk salahsatu prasarana transportasi yang paling banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat Indonesiauntuk melakukan mobilisasi keseharian sehingga volume kendaraan yang melewatisuatu ruas jalan mempengaruhi kapasitas dan kemampuan dukungnya.Jalan Wolter Monginsidi Semarang, jalan yang merupakan jalur alternatifepenghubung jalur utama kaligawe menuju kawasan pedurungan atau selatanSemarang. Berdasarkan data dari dinas bina marga kota Semarang jalan WolterMonginsidi genuk Semarang panjang ruas jalannya yaitu 7921.76 m, memiliki lebar 8m dan status jalannya termasuk dalam jalan kota, danberdasarkan data yang lamajalanWolterMonginsi digenuk Semarang ini memiliki panjang ruas 400.91 m dan lebar4 m serta masih termasuk dalam jalan kota.Berdasarkan permasalahan yang ada dijalan Wolter Monginsidi Semarang tersebutmaka pada tugas akhir ini kami melakukan penelitian dengan judul Analisis DesainPelebaran Perkerasan Lentur Pada Jalan Wolter Monginsidi Semarang.Kapasias jalan yang semakin memenuhi pengguna jalan maka hambatan untukberkendara semakin sedikit (tidak macet).
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of (E)-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-((1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethylidene)amino)-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one
Authors: Mondal B.
Published: January 2024

The title hydrazone compound contains bicyclic heterocyclic ring, was synthesized by simple stepwise condensation of 2-hydroxyacetophenone with 2-aminobenzoylhydrazide followed by the addition of salicylaldehyde in alcohol under refluxing condition. The compound was characterized by spectroscopic techniques, namely, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, mass and UV-Vis. The structure of this compound was determined by X-ray crystallographic method. The compound crystallized in the Orthorhombic crystal system with space group Pbca and a=15.3289(9) Å, b=14.6287(8) Å, c=16.5451(10) Å. In the crystal structure of the compound both intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonds are are shown to exist.
Algoritma K-Means Clustering Sebagai Penentuan Beasiswa PIP pada SMPN 9 Kota Blitar
Authors: Romadhona Rizki Dwi , Rofiq Arta Ainur
Published: January 2024

The structure in this study involves taking data on obtaining PIP scholarships with various predetermined indicators (parental income, parents' occupation, vehicle ownership, KIP, KKS, place of residence, number of siblings, PKH) as scholarship recipients. Held in one of the state schools SMPN 9 Blitar City. Where the data is processed with an unsupervised learning algorithm, namely K-Means Clustering with the calculation of the Euclidean distance with the closest value distance from the predetermined centroid which is then used to determine the recipient of the PIP scholarship. The sample test was conducted on 289 students which could be implemented properly and the cluster was running according to the provisions set as indicators of 10 attributes (X1-X10).
Implementasi Mikrokontroler ESP8266 sebagai Sensor Berat dan Jumlah Orang pada Beban Jembatan
Authors: Mahendra Sri Aji Eka , Subairi Subairi , Nachrowie Nachrowie , Permatasari Delila Cahya , Sulistiyanto Sulistiyanto , Fuada Syifaul
Published: January 2024

Damage to the bridge resulted in disruption of the activities of residents who want to cross the bridge. Damage to the bridge is not only due to problems with the infrastructure but can also be caused by humans, one of which is due to excess capacity on the bridge so that the construction of the bridge cannot hold or accommodate many people resulting in the bridge collapsing and resulting in several fatalities. This research is expected to help reduce and prevent damage to the bridge structure by implementing a Load Sensor using the ESP8266 microcontroller. This system is based on the Internet of Things (IoT). Based on the research results, when the condition of the bridge has no visitors, the resulting weight is 0, the display on the serial monitor "No Visitors..!!,","LOADS ARE SAFE..!!". weight of 3 kg, display on the serial monitor "LOAD SAFE.. !!,", "Number of visitors = 5", "LOAD = 3.03 kg". , a warning will appear "Visitors Full = 10", "LOAD OVER", "Number of Visitors = 10", "IN = 10", "OUT = 0", "LOAD = 6.67kg" on the Serial Monitor. the number of visitors will decrease when visitors leave the bridge.
Hibrit uydu-hava-kara ağlarında hız bölmeli çoklu erişim tabanlı FSO/RF iletim
Authors: CAN Mehmet , ALTUNBAŞ İbrahim
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmada, uydunun röle görevi gören yüksek irtifalı platform istasyonu (high altitude platform station, HAPS) yardımıyla birden çok kullanıcıyla hız bölmeli çoklu erişim (rate-splitting multiple access, RSMA) tekniğini kullanarak haberleşme sağladığı sistemin performansı incelenmiştir. Uydu ile HAPS arasında serbest alan optik (free space optics, FSO) bağlantısı varken HAPS ile kullanıcılar arasında radyo frekansı (radio frequency, RF) bağlantısı vardır. Kullanıcıların kesinti olasılığı ifadeleri kapalı formda elde edilmiştir ve bilgisayar benzetimleri ile doğrulanmıştır. Kullanıcıların ve sistemin verimi, kesinti olasılıkları kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca RSMA tabanlı sistem ile dik olmayan çoklu erişim (nonorthogonal multiple access, NOMA) tabanlı sistemin verimleri karşılaştırılmıştır ve RSMA tabanlı sistemin artan kullanıcı sayısıyla beraber daha iyi performans sergilediği gösterilmiştir.
Deep-learning-based diagnosis and grading of vesicoureteral reflux: A novel approach for improved clinical decision-making
Authors: Ergün Osman , Serel Tekin Ahmet , Öztürk Sefa Alperen , Serel Hüseyin Bulut , Soyupek Sedat , Hoşcan Burak
Published: January 2024

Background/Aim: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a condition that causes urine to flow in reverse, from the bladder back into the ureters and occasionally into the kidneys. It becomes a vital cause of urinary tract infections. Conventionally, VUR’s severity is evaluated through imaging via voiding cystourethrography (VCUG). However, there is an unresolved debate regarding the precise timing and type of surgery required, making it crucial to classify VUR grades uniformly and accurately. This study’s primary purpose is to leverage machine learning, particularly convolutional neural network (CNN), to effectively identify and classify VUR in VCUG images. The aspiration is to diminish classification discrepancies between different observers and to create an accessible tool for healthcare practitioners.
Methods: We utilized a dataset of 59 VCUG images with diagnosed VUR sourced from OpenI. These images were independently classified by two seasoned urologists according to the International Reflux Classification System. We utilized TensorFlow, Keras, and Jupyter Notebook for data preparation, segmentation, and model building. The CNN Inception V3 was employed for transfer learning, while data augmentation was used to improve the model’s resilience.
Results: The deep-learning model attained exceptional accuracy rates of 95% and 100% in validation and training, respectively, after six cycles. It effectively categorized VUR grades corresponding to the global classification system. Matplotlib tracked loss and accuracy values, while Python-based statistical analysis assessed the model’s performance using the F1-score.
Conclusion: The study’s model effectively categorized images, including those of vesicoureteral reflux, which has significant implications for treatment decisions. The application of this artificial intelligence model may help reduce interobserver bias. Additionally, it could offer an objective method for surgical planning and treatment outcomes.
Chronic kidney disease and atrial fibrillation: approaches to the choice of antiarrhythmic therapy
Authors: Tatarsky B. A. , Kazennova N. V.
Published: January 2024

In clinical practice, impaired renal function is often combined with cardiovascular diseases, in particular with atrial fibrillation. As you know, the kidneys perform many functions, including excretory, metabolic and endocrine. The cardiorenal axis is regulated in such a way that an imbalance results in both cardiac and renal remodeling. Therefore, the pathophysiological relationships between the kidneys and the heart are of great clinical importance. Considering the need to create the basis for personalized patient-oriented care, documents on the position of a number of associations and societies dedicated to the treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease are currently presented. Treatment of atrial fibrillation includes prophylactic anticoagulation and pharmacological therapy aimed at maintaining sinus rhythm or correcting the frequency of ventricular responses. At the same time, when choosing the optimal dose of oral direct anticoagulant drugs, there are a number of discrepancies in published regulatory documents of various cardiological and nephrological communities. It should be noted that in recent years there has been no significant improvement in the clinical pharmacology of arrhythmias. Existing pharmacological approaches for the correction of arrhythmias in patients with atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease are limited by their limited effectiveness and the possibility of developing dangerous effects, including the proarrhythmic effect against ventricular arrhythmias and organ-toxic complications. The use of catheter and surgical ablation is inhibited by the complexity, cost and high relapse rate in patients with chronic kidney disease. It seems that antiarrhythmic drugs are not given enough attention compared to anticoagulant therapy, especially in patients with atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease. This review article discusses approaches to the choice of antiarrhythmic therapy in this category of patients.