bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The correlation between body weight, body weight gain and blood parameters in pigs at birth and weaning
Authors: Mirkov M. , Radović I. , Cincović M. , Horvatović M. P. , Dragin S.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT The aim of study was to determine the relationship between metabolic parameters, body weight and body growth of piglets at birth and weaning. The experiment included 80 piglets obtained from F1 generation sows. Body weight was measured at birth (BW0), 24h (BW1) after birth and on day 25 (at weaning, BW2). Blood sampling was performed at the beginning of life (3rd day after birth) and at weaning (21st day after birth). BW0 and BW1 positively correlated with cholesterol and negatively with urea values at the beginning of life and RBC values at weaning. BW2 positively correlates with albumin and cortisol values at the beginning of life, total proteins, and globulins at weaning, and negatively correlates with erythrocyte values at weaning. Piglet growth from birth to weaning (BWG2-0) correlates positively with total proteins, albumin, and cortisol at the beginning of life and total proteins at weaning. ROC analysis shows that MCHC, TPROT, GLOB, CHOL and AST at the beginning of life can distinguish fast-growing from slow-growing piglets from birth to weaning period. The use of blood parameters enables early recognition of growth rate in piglets, which can help to optimize all further steps to achieve the best possible growth.
Methane emission, milk yield and behavior of ewes kept on pastures or supplemented with concentrate based on corn grain or whole cottonseed
Authors: Nogueira G.H.M.S.M.F. , Santos R.N. , Gois G.C. , Galvani D.B. , Moraes S.A. , Nogueira D.M. , Voltolini T.V.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate methane emission, milk yield and behavior of ewes kept exclusively on irrigated pasture of Tifton 85 grass (Cynodon spp.) or supplemented with ground corn or whole cottonseed (WCS) based concentrates. Twelve Lacaune x Santa Ines ewes (43.07±0.83 kg of body weight, 77±24 days after parturition, on average) were distributed in replicated 3x3 Latin square. Treatments consisted of three diets: pasture (no concentrate supplementation); corn (pasture + corn-based supplement); whole cottonseed (pasture + whole cottonseed-based supplement), offering 0.5 kg/ewe/day. The WCS group showed the highest concentrate dry matter intake (DMI) (p=0.049) and crude protein (CP) intake (p=0.001) compared to the others. There was no difference on total DMI (p=0.115) for the tested diets. Animals exclusively kept on pasture had the greatest forage DMI (p=0.004), lowest CP digestibility (p=0.015), showed longer grazing time (p=0.01) and shorter idle time (p=0.01) compared to the supplemented groups. Milk yield (0.36 kg/ewe/day) (p=0.15) and methane emission (33.12 g/ewe/day) (p=0.95) were similar for all three evaluated groups. Supplementation with concentrate based on corn or whole cottonseed does not improve productive performance nor decrease methane emission. However, lactating ewes kept exclusively in pasture show longer grazing time, without changes in milk yield and methane emission.
Hypospadias in two cats - case report
Authors: Paim M.G. , Schaefer G.C. , Camargo J.F. , Bianchi S.P. , Gutierrez L.G. , Mombach V.S. , Alievi M.M. , Costa F.V.A.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Hypospadias is an uncommon sexual development disorder in cats, in which the urethral opening is not in its anatomical location on the penis. The purpose of this report is to describe two cases of hypospadias in the feline species. The first cat was asymptomatic, had a history of bacterial cystitis, and was diagnosed with perineal hypospadias at an appointment for preoperative evaluation of orchiectomy. The second cat had clinical signs of dysuria and pollakiuria for 30 days and had glandular hypospadias. Both cats showed abnormalities in the urinalysis which were suggestive of lower urinary tract disease. For both cases, clinical treatment with antibiotic therapy was performed. In the first patient, surgical treatment consisted of orchiectomy, while in the second animal a perineal urethrostomy and orchiectomy were performed. The cats had a satisfactory recovery after the treatments. Performing a thorough physical examination is essential to diagnose cases of hypospadias and choose the best treatment for each patient.
Multiparasitism in Crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) (Carnivora: Canidae), including new records, in the Brazilian Pampa - case report
Authors: Lignon J.S. , Pinto D.M. , Martins N.S. , Pappen F.G. , Monteiro S.G. , Bruhn F.R.P.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Cerdocyon thous is considered the most common wild canid in Rio Grande do Sul, and can serve as a host for several parasites, playing an important role in maintaining the biological cycle. Despite being a widespread and abundant species, they have a relatively little-known fauna of endo and ectoparasites, mainly focusing on the different regions of their occurrence. With this work, the objective was to report the multiparasitism in a specimen of C. thous in the Brazilian Pampa. Using modified Centrifuge-Flotation and Spontaneous Sedimentation techniques, a high taxonomic diversity of parasites was observed, and the finding of eggs compatible with Lagochilascaris spp. in C. thous in Brazil, in addition to Uncinaria spp. eggs and Cystoisospora spp. oocysts in the same host in the south of the country. The presence of eggs of different helminths in the feces of C. thous is extremely important, mainly for public health, but also for the knowledge of the biodiversity of parasites present in wild populations of canids, until then little studied, thus allowing the implementation of control programs.
Adequação dos cardápios escolares e exigências do programa nacional de alimentação escolar: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Silva Jacilene Alcântara , Oliveira Tafnes , Ribeiro Isabella , Fernandes Matheus Santos de Sousa , Santos Gabriela
Published: April 2023

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar a adequação dos cardápios escolares quanto às exigências nutricionais do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) em escolas públicas brasileiras considerando quanto a adequação de macronutrientes e micronutrientes e destinação de recursos para compras de produtos advindos da agricultura familiar. Métodos: foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura utilizando as bases de dados SciELO, Bireme e Lilacs para seleção dos artigos. Os critérios de inclusão foram: Artigos que apresentaram dados sobre a adequação de energia, macronutrientes, micronutrientes e compras de produtos oriundos da agricultura familiar durante o regimento do PNAE, assim como estudos quantitativos, transversais e descritivos realizados no território brasileiro. Foram excluídos artigos de revisão, editoriais, cartas ao editor, estudos de caso, artigos em duplicatas e que não avaliaram as exigências do PNAE. Resultados: ao final, foram incluídos12 estudos que apontaram superestimação e subestimação nas adequações nutricionais no ambiente escolar. Em relação às compras de insumo provenientes da agricultura familiar, observou-se que a maioria dos municípios brasileiros avaliados cumpriam as exigências de destinação dos recursos. Conclusões: os cardápios escolares necessitam de maior fiscalização para que atendam as adequações propostas pelo PNAE. Além disso, é primordial promover uma alimentação saudável que contenha todos os nutrientes necessários para fornecer um aporte nutricional para o crescimento e desenvolvimento infantil.
Prediction equation of peak oxygen uptake for the modified shuttle test in healthy adolescents
Authors: Costa Thaís Eugênio Duarte , Leite Hércules Ribeiro , Soares Bruno Alvarenga , Lanza Fernanda Cordoba , Mendonça Vanessa Amaral , Lacerda Ana Cristina Rodrigues , Neves Camila Danielle Cunha , Oliveira Murilo Xavier
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Given the gap in the literature regarding the peak of oxygen consumption (VO2peak) for adolescents of both sexes, this study aimed to propose an equation to predict the VO2peak in healthy adolescents using the Modified Shuttle Test (MST). This is a cross-sectional study with 84 healthy adolescents between 12 and 18 years old, female and male. The MST is an external paced test, in which the speed increases at each minute. Two MST were performed with at least 30 minutes of rest between them. The test with the longest walked distance was considered for analysis. VO2 was directly monitored by an open circuit spirometry. Mean age was 14.67±1.82 and the walked distance was 864.86±263.48m. Variables included in the prediction equation were walked distance and sex, explaining the VO2peak variability of 53% during MST performance. The prediction equation for VO2peak with the MST was: predicted VO2peak=18.274+(0.18×Distance Walked, meters)+(7.733×Sex); R2=0.53 and p<0.0001 (sex: 0 for girls, 1 for boys). This MST equation, proposed to predict VO2peak in healthy adolescents of both sexes, can be used as a reference to assess exercise capacity in healthy adolescents and to investigate cardiopulmonary function in adolescents with reduced functional capacity.
Traditional practices and sustainable development: local indicators of sustainability among caiçaras and quilombolas in Bocaina
Authors: Vaitsman Jeni , Duarte Nathalia Silva , Lobato Lenaura Vasconcelos , Paes-Sousa Rômulo
Published: April 2023

Abstract This article presents the methodology and findings of a study that proposed a set of local indicators for monitoring progress on the United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda 2030 in caiçara and quilombola communities in the territory of Bocaina in the municipalities of Paraty (Rio de Janeiro) and Ubatuba (São Paulo). The objective was to adapt a global and Brazilian national agenda to the territory level and to construct specific indicators to reflect that “localisation”. To begin with, 40 goals of Agenda 2030 were selected and adapted to conditions in the territory. Then a qualitative study of quilombolas and caiçaras identified local problems in achieving sustainable development and the alternative solutions developed to address those problems. On the basis of that study and secondary data from socioeconomic, environmental and public service information on those populations, 87 local indicators were constructed for the purpose of monitoring progress towards Agenda 2030 targets and goals in the territory.
Ares novos para a primeira infância: as crianças são o futuro do planeta
Authors: Silva Cleyton Martins da , Moreira Junior Danilo Pinto , Rodrigues João Rogério Borges de Amorim , Siciliano Bruno , Arbilla Graciela
Published: April 2023

Resumo Na primeira infância, a poluição do ar leva a um aumento das doenças, mortes prematuras e perturbações no desenvolvimento. O material particulado fino (MP2,5) é considerado o poluente clássico de maior importância. No entanto, no Brasil, o monitoramento de material particulado fino é limitado e restrito a poucas cidades. Na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, apenas uma estação registra as concentrações de MP2,5 e divulga diariamente os índices de qualidade do ar. Este estudo é parte do projeto “Ares Novos para a Primeira Infância” coordenado pela Fundação Horizonte Cidadão, com o objetivo de obter evidências para estabelecer um plano para reduzir a exposição das crianças à poluição do ar. Os dados são compartilhados numa plataforma virtual global. Os resultados mostram níveis de MP2,5 altos quando comparados com as recomendações da OMS e a necessidade de ações coordenadas para reduzir as emissões de poluentes primários e de precursores de poluentes secundários.
Clean air for a good start: children are the future of the planet
Authors: Silva Cleyton Martins da , Moreira Junior Danilo Pinto , Rodrigues João Rogério Borges de Amorim , Siciliano Bruno , Arbilla Graciela
Published: April 2023

Abstract In early childhood, air pollution leads to an increased risk of disease, premature death, and development of disruptions. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is considered the classical pollutant of major concern. However, in Brazil, fine particulate monitoring is still limited and restricted to a few cities. Particularly, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, only one automatic station obtains PM2.5 concentrations and publishes the air quality indexes daily. This study is part of the project “Clean air for a good start” managed by the Horizon Citizen Foundation, with the goal of obtaining evidence to set a plan to reduce children exposition to air pollution. Data is shared on a global web platform. Results showed that PM2.5 levels are high when compared with WHO guidelines and coordinated actions would be needed to decrease emissions of primary pollutants and secondary aerosol’s precursors.
DESCARTE DE RESÍDUOS DE MEDICAMENTOS PELA POPULAÇÃO RURAL
Authors: Rausch Paulo Cesar , Agostinetto Lenita , Siegloch Ana Emilia
Published: April 2023

Resumo O descarte inadequado de medicamentos vencidos e sobras de tratamentos podem contaminar o ambiente e comprometer a saúde humana, porém, a implementação da logística reversa para os medicamentos é um desafio aos municípios brasileiros. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar o descarte de medicamentos pela população rural do município de Correia Pinto/SC. A pesquisa foi do tipo quantitativa descritiva-transversal, com coleta de dados a campo a partir da aplicação de um questionário a 156 moradores da área rural. Os resultados mostraram que o saneamento básico é precário, pois 64,7% das pessoas consomem água sem tratamento e não são atendidas pela coleta de resíduos, apesar de 94,9% utilizar a fossa séptica como tratamento do esgoto. Elevado percentual da população (63,43%) relataram a utilização diária de medicamentos. Cerca de 75% descartam as sobras do tratamento medicamentoso e os medicamentos vencidos de forma inadequada. Os dados levantados podem contribuir com as estratégias de implementação do sistema de logística reversa dos medicamentos domiciliares, além de mostrar as lacunas do saneamento básico rural.
Desenvolvimento de um aplicativo para ensino de ultrassonografia pulmonar em emergência
Authors: Macedo Erik , Silva Paulo Goberlânio de Barros , Marçal Edgar , Rolim Juliana Paiva Marques Lima , Terra Marcelo Azeredo
Published: April 2023

Resumo: Introdução: A utilização de protocolos de ultrassonografia revolucionou o atendimento na medicina de emergência e pode auxiliar no diagnóstico de insuficiência respiratória no pronto atendimento. Assim, torna-se importante o treinamento médico para a utilização desses protocolos. Já foi demonstrado também que os aplicativos de smartphone médico têm resultados positivos na prática diária, além de serem uma ferramenta educacional potencialmente valiosa. Objetivo: Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um aplicativo em ultrassonografia pulmonar de emergência. O BLUE SIM é um aplicativo de celular que simula atendimentos de casos clínicos utilizando o protocolo Bedside Lung Ultrasound in Emergency, o qual pode auxiliar alunos e profissionais da área da saúde a usar a ultrassonografia pulmonar no atendimento da insuficiência respiratória aguda. A hipótese é que o BLUE SIM será um aplicativo usável e aceitável entre os usuários. Método: Após desenvolvido, avaliou-se o aplicativo com 36 voluntários: 18 fisioterapeutas, um médico, sete enfermeiros e dez acadêmicos de Medicina. Analisaram-se a usabilidade e a utilidade de uma aplicação móvel para o sistema iOS, utilizando como referências a escala de usabilidade System Utility Score (SUS) e o modelo de aceitação Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Os dados obtidos foram tabulados e analisados pelo teste exato de Fisher ou Mann-Whitney. Resultado: Pela aplicação do questionário SUS (usabilidade), o aplicativo obteve um escore de 76,8%. Exclusivamente entre os fisioterapeutas, obteve-se um escore de 75%, não havendo diferença estatística entre o grupo geral de todos os profissionais emergencistas e o grupo somente de fisioterapeutas (p = 0,239). Segundo a análise de percepção de utilidade, 93,9% dos profissionais emergencistas responderam positivamente, enquanto, entre os fisioterapeutas, obteve-se um escore de 88,9% (p = 0,04). Conclusão: O aplicativo desenvolvido foi classificado de utilidade na aprendizagem do diagnóstico de insuficiência respiratória entre os profissionais, contudo eles consideraram que é necessário um treinamento para o uso da ferramenta.
Development of an application for teaching pulmonary ultrasound in an emergency
Authors: Macedo Erik , Silva Paulo Goberlânio de Barros , Marçal Edgar , Rolim Juliana Paiva Marques Lima , Terra Marcelo Azeredo
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Introduction: The use of ultrasound protocols has revolutionized care in emergency medicine and can help in the diagnosis of respiratory failure in emergency care; therefore, medical training for the use of these protocols has become important. It has also been demonstrated that medical smartphone apps have positive results in daily practice, in addition to being a potentially valuable educational tool. Objective: Thus, the objective was to develop an emergency pulmonary ultrasound application. The “BLUE SIM” is a cell phone application that simulates clinical cases using the “Bedside Lung Ultrasound in Emergency” protocol, which can help students and health professionals regarding the use of pulmonary ultrasound in the care of acute respiratory failure. The hypothesis is that the “BLUE SIM” will be a usable and acceptable application among users. Method: After the development, the application was evaluated with a group of 36 volunteers, which included 18 physical therapists and 18 other professionals consisting of physicians, nurses and medical students. The usability and usefulness of a mobile application for the iOS system was analyzed, using the System Utility Score (SUS) usability scale and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as references. The obtained data were tabulated and analyzed using Fisher’s exact test or Mann-Whitney test. Result: When applying the SUS questionnaire (usability), the application obtained a score of 76.8%. A score of 75% was obtained exclusively among physical therapists, with no statistical difference between the general group of all emergency professionals and the group of physical therapists only (p=0.239). According to the usefulness perception analysis, 93.9% of the emergency professionals had a positive response, while a score of 88.9% was obtained among physical therapists (p=0.04). Conclusion: It was concluded that the developed application was classified as useful in learning the diagnosis of respiratory failure among health professionals; however, they considered that training is necessary for its use.
Gas exchange, growth, and production of cotton genotypes under water deficit in phenological stages
Authors: Soares Lauriane A. dos A. , Felix Charles M. , Lima Geovani S. de , Gheyi Hans R. , Silva Luderlandio de A. , Fernandes Pedro D.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Cotton cultivation in the Brazilian Northeast region faces water scarcity problems caused by the irregularity of the rainy season, leading to losses in yield. In this context, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the gas exchange, growth, and production of colored-fiber cotton genotypes under water stress, varying the water deficit management strategies in the different phenological stages of the plant. The study was carried out in the experimental area of the Federal University of Campina Grande, located in the municipality of Pombal, Paraíba, Brazil. A randomized block design was used, in a 3 × 7 factorial scheme, corresponding to three colored cotton genotypes (‘BRS Rubi’, ‘BRS Jade’, and ‘BRS Safira’) and application of water deficit (40% of actual evapotranspiration - ETr) management strategies in seven phenological stages of the crop. The ‘BRS Jade’ genotype is the most suitable for cultivation under water deficit conditions with 40% of the actual evapotranspiration. Colored-fiber cotton cultivation under water deficit in the flowering stage caused a reduction in physiological variables and growth. Water deficit during the vegetative and yield formation stages promoted lower losses in the production of seed cotton and total seed weight of the genotypes ‘BRS Rubi’, ‘BRS Jade’, and ‘BRS Safira’.
Discriminant analysis based on sheep carcass conformation and finishing scores
Authors: Maciel Marilene dos S. , Arandas Janaína K. G. , Carvalho Francisco F. R. de , Cruz George R. B. da , Ribeiro Neila L. , Ribeiro Maria N.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Carcass classification consists of grouping animals with similar carcass characteristics. When the groups are defined a priori, as in the case of conformation and finishing scores, the interest is to identify the contribution of each variable used in separating the groups. Therefore, discriminant analysis was used to discriminate Santa Inês animals according to the conformation and carcass finishing scores (score 2 = regular, score 3 = good) and to identify the variables that most contribute to the differentiation. The conformation and carcass finishing scores vary from 1 to 5. This study used scores 2 and 3, considering that the evaluated animals ranged between these two respective scales. The database consisted of information from 122 uncastrated Santa Inês sheep submitted to the confinement regime, of which 24 variables related to the carcass of the animals were recorded. Data were submitted to the Mardia test to verify multivariate normality, followed by the nonparametric k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) test. The stepwise procedure selected a particular subset of variables, and the Mahalanobis Distance (D2) was used to assess the separation of groups (p-value ˂ 0.05). The variables with the highest discriminatory power for the carcass conformation scores were cold carcass weight (CCW), external carcass length (ECL), and neck (NEC), for carcass finishing were live weight at slaughter (LWS), ECL, and thoracic perimeter (TP). The multivariate discriminant analysis proved efficient in allocating the animals in their groups of origin.
Atenção primária à saúde e os serviços especializados de atendimento a mulheres em situação de violência: expectativas e desencontros na voz dos profissionais.
Authors: Aguiar Janaina Marques de , Schraiber Lilia Blima , Pereira Stephanie , Graglia Cecilia Guida Vieira , Kalichman Beatriz Diniz , Reis Marina Silva dos , Lima Nayara Portilho , Azeredo Yuri Nishijima , D’Oliveira Ana Flávia Pires Lucas
Published: April 2023

Resumo O trabalho em rede tem papel central na assistência a mulheres em situação de violência. Este estudo analisa as diferentes perspectivas desse trabalho para profissionais da Atenção Primária e profissionais de serviços especializados nas áreas de assistência social, assistência jurídica e segurança pública, na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. Realizaram-se entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 16 profissionais dos serviços especializados e 46 da saúde. Os eixos para a análise temática foram: o que os profissionais sabem e pensam sobre os demais serviços; sua atuação a partir disso; e suas expectativas. Os dados revelaram conhecimento insuficiente sobre os distintos serviços, resultando em dificuldades comunicativas, bem como em encaminhamentos equivocados pautados em idealizações sobre como deveria atuar o outro serviço. Concluímos que cada setor é bastante autônomo e seus serviços partem de seu próprio campo de atuação para definir aquilo que seria melhor para a mulher. O conjunto funciona mais como uma trama de serviços do que como uma rede.
Diagnóstico e estratégias de permanência e conclusão na graduação: estudo de caso para Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
Authors: Teixeira Maria Daniele de Jesus , Quito Fábio de Moraes , Veloso Tereza Christina Mertens Aguiar , Ventura Thiago Meirelles
Published: April 2023

Resumo Diante da complexidade dos fenômenos que levam à evasão, foi sistematizado um método que simplifica a elaboração de um diagnóstico, permitindo estruturar e agrupar as dificuldades mais relatadas, possibilitando relacionar as estratégias mais adequadas para contribuir com a permanência e a conclusão de estudantes. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratória e descritiva, utilizando a análise documental para subsidiar a elaboração de questionários estruturados e objetivos. Para aplicação, empregou-se um método não probabilístico, no qual obteveram-se 5.041 respondentes de todos os cursos de graduação da UFMT (33% desvinculados, 37% vinculados e 29% egressos), totalizando cerca de 10% da população entre 2013 e 2019. A ponderação e o agrupamento de dificuldades possibilitou capturar diferentes perspectivas dos discentes. As dificuldades relacionadas com o aprendizado, a estrutura do curso e com o corpo docente foram muito citadas, permitindo a priorização de estratégias para gestores dos cursos e da instituição.
Políticas de internacionalização em universidades fundacionais: produção intelectual, intercâmbio, currículo e internacionalização integral
Authors: Heinzle Marcia Regina Selpa , Pereira Pablo
Published: April 2023

Resumo O posicionamento das Instituições de Ensino Superior frente às demandas científicas, socioculturais, políticas e econômicas da globalização reflete a capacidade de adaptação da comunidade acadêmica às práticas educativas e às políticas universitárias. Com base nesse contexto, analisamos políticas de internacionalização e Planos de Desenvolvimento Institucional de nove universidades fundacionais de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Nessa análise documental, identificamos a missão institucional, assim como metas e estratégias de internacionalização, à luz de quatro tipos de ação: produção intelectual, intercâmbio científico-cultural, internacionalização do currículo e internacionalização integral. Os dados gerados apontam que falta uma concepção clara de internacionalização e que há ênfase nas estratégias de ação voltadas ao intercâmbio acadêmico-científico; ao mesmo tempo, compreendemos que existe, apesar de ainda incipiente, expansão nas políticas institucionais de internacionalização.
Internationalization of Higher Education in Kazakhstan: from political will to implementation
Authors: Akkari Abdeljalil , Seidikenova Almash , Bakitov Aitkali , Minazheva Gulsharat
Published: April 2023

Abstract Like the entire country, Higher Education in Kazakhstan has been in a phase of transition for more than thirty years. One of the dimensions of this transition relates to the internationalization of Higher Education. In this contribution, we focus on home internationalization. First, we synthesize the academic literature dedicated to this question in Kazakhstan. Second, we analyze the flows of foreign students in Kazakhstan during recent years. The country has succeeded in attracting an ever-increasing number of students from neighboring countries although the total remains small compared to Kazakh students going abroad. Third, we highlight two additional strategies used to increase internationalization in the country: employment of international scholars; and the launch of foreign campuses in Kazakhstan. Finally, we discuss the use of foreign languages and especially English as a tool for local internationalization. The country has probably overestimated its capacity to make English a working language at the university level.
Proposição de modelo para estimativa de custos de coleta de resíduos sólidos domiciliares em pequenos municípios do estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Oliveira Lucas Fiegenbaum de , Wartchow Dieter , Silva Salatiel Wohlmuth da
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Este trabalho buscou desenvolver uma ferramenta que auxiliasse os gestores de pequenos municípios brasileiros a otimizarem os custos. Para isso, foram utilizados municípios de pequeno porte, com até 30 mil habitantes, participantes do Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre Saneamento (SNIS), os quais, de acordo com o SNIS, são os que possuem maior dificuldade para cobrir os seus custos com a prestação de serviço de manejo dos resíduos sólidos. Por análise estatística e regressão linear múltipla, buscou-se propor um modelo matemático para determinar o custo de coleta para esses municípios, considerando o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos urbanos domiciliares (RSUD): prestação por administração direta, administração direta por serviços terceirizados sem consórcio e terceirização com consórcio para os modelos. As variáveis consideradas foram a distância até o local de disposição final e a geração per capita de RSDU fornecidos pelo SNIS. Os resultados mostraram que é possível encontrar um modelo de custo de coleta para municípios cuja prestação é feita pela administração direta terceirizando o serviço, levando-se em conta a distância até o local de disposição. Para municípios que realizam a coleta por consórcio intermunicipal, o modelo pondera, além da distância de disposição final, a geração per capita de resíduos sólidos municipais. Por fim, não se pôde chegar a um modelo para municípios cuja responsabilidade pelo serviço é exclusiva da administração direta municipal, por poucos municípios adotarem esse modelo de prestação de serviço e seus dados apresentarem dispersão muito grande.
Characteristics ofAbelmoschus esculentus(Indian okra) fiber varieties
Authors: Kolte Prafull P , Shivankar Vijay S
Published: April 2023

Okra fiber is the natural cellulosic bast fiber extracted from the bark of the Abelmoschus esculentus plant stem. India is the largest producer of okra for the cultivation of ‘okra fruit’. After the okra plant is harvested in the field, the okra fruit is collected as a vegetable, and the okra plant is thrown out as agricultural waste. In India, an estimated 4.5 Mt of green okra plants is discarded annually as agricultural waste. The okra plant has the potential to produce 150–160 kg of okra fibers per hectare and about 13.4 million kg of okra fibers annually. The okra plant is cultivated in two seasons: summer and winter. The summer variety and winter variety of okra fibers are extracted from okra plants cultivated in the summer and winter seasons, respectively. In this study, the characteristics of the summer and winter varieties of okra fibers (morphological, thermal and structural) were investigated by optical and electron microscopy (scanning electron microscopy), thermogravimetric analysis (differential thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry), X-ray diffraction analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. This study analyzed the characteristics of both varieties of okra fibers, compared them and proved their potential for commercial applications, similar to those of banana, jute, flax, hemp and kenaf bast fibers.
Optimisation of energy consumption using building information modelling technology
Authors: Ding Liqin , Ma Chao , Ma Xuezhi
Published: April 2023

The energy consumption of the whole life cycle of the existing buildings in China exceeds 50% of the total energy consumption of the society. With the rapid development of the construction industry, this proportion is still growing. On the whole, there is a lack of analysis of the factors related to energy consumption and comfort in the process of building scheme design at this stage. In addition, designers have insufficient understanding of the theoretical system of low-energy buildings, and it is difficult to optimise the scheme throughout the design. To solve these problems, this research first proposes an integrated design method of green buildings based on building information modelling technology. This method integrates and shares engineering information, problem solving, simulation tools, architectural model applications and architectural team communication platforms, which can effectively address the problem that the current green building projects do not belong to each other when designing. The research also proposes a multi-objective optimisation algorithm based on the genetic algorithm. The proposed method optimises the overall design of green buildings, particularly the design of natural lighting, starting from the influence relationship between targets and targets and between targets and enclosure systems. To obtain the optimal effect, the virtual function of Traind was selected as the training function after testing. In addition, the model obtained a reasonable range of design parameters according to the energy consumption of the building in the uncomfortable time. Finally, the method proposed in the study was tested. The experimental results showed that compared with the overall energy consumption of the initial scheme, that of the optimised scheme was reduced by 10.46%; the natural light coefficient increased by 0.44%; and the pressure differeces pascal hours (PDPH) was optimised by 5.38%. The optimisation scheme can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the building in the whole life cycle and improve comfort.
When phonology outranks syntax: Postponed relative pronouns in Pindar
Authors: Bertrand Nicolas
Published: April 2023

In ancient Greek, relative pronouns are, as a rule, subject to wh-movement and obligatorily surface at the left edge of the relative clause. However, the archaic poet Pindar sometimes allows material belonging to the relative clause to appear in front of the relative pronoun, which is then postponed within its clause. In this paper, I survey all relative clauses in the surviving texts by Pindar and study the possible differences in semantics and syntax between relative clauses with initial and postponed relative pronouns, which turn out to be indistinguishable in both respects. I suggest that postponed relative pronouns do move syntactically to the Spec of their relative clause but are then optionally treated as postpositive words and surface in second position in the relative clause. Phonological arguments, based on the distributional properties of postpositive words and on the metrical makeup of Pindar’s texts, are put forward to show how postponed relative pronouns select a host at the left edge of the relative clause and incorporate phonologically to it. The informational status of relative pronouns as ratified (given) topics triggers their phonological demoting, which turns them into postpositive words, a regular process in ancient Greek. Approaching the position of relative pronouns as a conflict between syntactic and (informationally driven) phonological alignment explains why Pindar’s strategy for relativization remained rare in ancient Greek and eventually disappeared: It took one specific poetic genre to allow phonology to outrank syntax.
Does systemic anticancer gemcitabine compromise oral soft tissue wound healing?
Authors:   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Iraq., Naser Alyaa I. , Hamed Rayan S. ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Iraq., Taqa Ghada A. ,   Department of Dental Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry. University of Mosul, Iraq.
Published: April 2023

Background: Numerous types of cancer are of substantial medical and social concern, posing a major challenge to modern medicine. Chemotherapeutic drugs include the use of nucleosides, which are composed of nucleic acid and sugar. Objective: This study aims to assess the impact of systemic chemotherapeutic drugs at a therapeutic dose on the wound healing process of the oral mucosa. Material and Methods: 30 healthy rats were randomly divided into two main groups based on the study material, 15 rats in each group. Group A (control) was given a single dose of normal saline (1ml/kg, intraperitoneal), and Group B (study) a single injection of gemcitabine (50 mg /Kg, intraperitoneal). After anesthesia, a full-thickness soft tissue incision (0.5 cm length) on the right side of the buccal mucosa was made in the animals of both groups. Each group was subdivided according to the time of sacrifice into 3, 7, 14 days after surgery, at the end of the experimental periods, specimens were collected for histopathological study, and samples of blood were obtained from retro-orbital venous plexus and collected in microfuge tubes and levels of antioxidant enzymes were measured by ELISA. The data were analyzed statistically at a 0.05 level of significance. Results: Gemcitabine delayed the onset of wound cascade (inflammation and re-epithelization) which lead to worsening healing of the oral tissue; it also resulted in a decrease of the antioxidant activity of glutathione peroxidase and catalase, as well as activated caspase 3, which induces cell apoptosis. Conclusion: Gemcitabine showed negative feedback on oral tissue wound healing through delayed wound healing cascade and by inducing apoptosis.
Comparison of the effectiveness and safety between autologous bone grafts and xenografts for the treatment of alveolar bone defects: Overview of systematic reviews using FRISBEE methodology
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo. Universidad UTE. Quito, Ecuador, Cabrera-Navarrete Kevin , Hernández-Velasteguí Esteban ,   Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo. Universidad UTE. Quito, Ecuador, Montesinos-Guevara Camila ,   Centro de Investigación de Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC). Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo. Universidad UTE. Quito, Ecuador.
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Due to the extensive number of studies developed on periodontal pathologies and the clinical need generated to correct bonvze defects, we have carried out an Overview of systematic reviews using the FRISBEE methodology. Material and Methods: Through this study we expect to bridge the knowledge gap generated regarding the clinical question on the effectiveness of autologous bone substitutes and xenografts in maxillary and mandibular bone defects. Results: For this study, we carried out a systematic search in Epistemonikos and PubMed, we included 3 systematic reviews and 5 primary studies included in these reviews to extract their data. We analyzed data using RevMan 5.4. and GRADEpro. Assessed outcomes included: bone gain [MD 0.06 mm lower (0.26 lower to 0.14 higher)] and bone resorption [MD 0.03 mm higher (0.12 lower to 0.18 higher)], where no significant differences were found between the study groups. The certainty of the evidence was moderate for both outcomes. Bone length and bone density outcomes were not measured or reported in the included studies. Conclusion: We concluded that there are no significant clinical differences between the application of autologous bone grafts and xenografts for bone defects correction for the assessed outcomes, therefore, these biomaterials should be applied at the discretion of the clinician and according to the needs and preferences of patients.
Exploration of the motivations in the adherence of patients to periodontal maintenance therapy
Authors:   School of Health Sciences, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar, Chile., Oñate Héctor , Cuadro Macarena ,   Private Practice., Hasell Francisca ,   Private Practice., Fuentes Francisco ,   School of Health Sciences, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar, Chile.
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Although it has been shown that the supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) is essential to maintain the results obtained by periodontal therapy, patient adherence to SPT is not usually satisfactory (4). The objective of this research is to explore the motivations in the adherence to periodontal maintenance of patients treated at Universidad Viña del Mar (UVM) during the year 2020. Material and Methods: A study based on the qualitative paradigm was carried out using a design based on discourse analysis through semi-structured interviews. A sample size of 10 participants was consolidated, by obtaining with them the saturation of data collected and of 4 main dimensions. Each interview was transcribed ad verbatim and later analyzed through the Atlas.ti 9 Software. Results: Four main categories or dimensions were created: Motivations of the patients to produce a change in their oral health; Information that the patients have regarding their oral health; Oral hygiene habits acquired after periodontal treatment; Situations that prevent adherence to periodontal treatment. Conclusion: The main motivations of patients to adhere to supportive periodontal therapy are related to the education and information they acquire in the first phase of periodontal treatment. Observing the changes during treatment, improving oral health, improving aesthetics and functionality, are other important motivations, as well as the patients’ fear of losing their teeth and the desire to educate their family.
Geographical barriers to the use of toothpaste containing ≥1000 ppm fluoride in peruvian children
Authors:   Faculty of Dentistry. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Peru., Torres-Benites Annsilve , Sánchez-Vargas Marieliza ,   Faculty of Dentistry. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Peru., Escobar-Cholán Julissa ,   Faculty of Dentistry. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Peru., León-Manco Roberto ,   Faculty of Dentistry. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Peru.
Published: April 2023

Objective: The aim of this was to determine the geographical barriers for the use of equal or more than 1000 (≥1000) parts per million (ppm) of toothpaste with fluorine (F) in children aged 1 to 11 years in Peru in 2018. Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, the database of Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES, for its Spanish acronym) of Peru in 2018 was used; the final sample was 25660 records of children between 1 and 11 years old. The variables evaluated were the use of ≥1000 ppm fluoride toothpaste, place of residence, natural region, area of residence, region, wealth index, access to dental service, whether information was received about oral hygiene, daily tooth brushing, age and sex. A descriptive, bivariate (Chi square) and multivariate (log-linear Poisson regression) analysis was performed. Results: An association was found between the use of toothpaste ≥1000 ppm F with place of residence: small city vs capital-large city with an adjusted prevalence ratio (RPa): 0.94; 95% confidence interval (95% IC): 0.90-0.98, town and country vs. capital-large city both with an RPa: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.91-0.99. With natural region: rest of the Coast vs Lima with RPa: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.91-0.98, Sierra vs Lima with RPa: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.92-0.99 and Jungle vs Lima with RPa: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.90-0.98). Conclusion: The place of residence and the natural region are geographic barriers to the use ≥1000 ppm fluoride toothpaste in children aged between 1 and 11 years in Peru in 2018.
A Quantitative and Qualitative Investigation of Factors Associated with Caesarean Section Deliveries in Sri Lanka Assessing National Trends and Views of Local Healthcare Professionals in Colombo in 2015
Authors:   Department of Emergency Medicine, NHS, UK, Perera Yani
Published: April 2023

Background A caesarean section (CS) is an operation to deliver a baby through incisions made to the mother’s abdominal wall and uterus, either before or after labor has started. An emergency CS is performed for certain medical indications such as placenta praevia or umbilical cord prolapse, and it most frequently occurs once labor has started. Elective CS are planned CS. They could be performed for non-medical reasons such as maternal request. Aim CS rates in Sri Lanka have been rising over the past decades. This study investigates reasons for the rise in CS rates through qualitative and quantitative analyses. Methods Qualitative data analysis involved interviews which were conducted in a teaching hospital in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Twenty (20) healthcare professionals in Obstetrics and Gynecology were interviewed. A semi-structured questionnaire, consisting of 15 opened and closed questions, was the basis for the interview. Quantitative analysis was performed on Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from 2006-2007. Variables included mother’s age, education level and residence. Chi-squared (χ2) and regression analysis using statistical package for the social sciences version (SPSS) was performed to determine if these variables were associated with CS. Results From qualitative analyses of the interviews, the main themes identified were the healthcare professionals’ views on causes of the rising CS rates, parties involved in the decision-making process, benefits and risks of elective CS and availability of support or alternative options. Quantitative analysis of DHS data showed variables such as residence, province, and education level were significantly associated with CS (p<0.01). Urban residences, living in Colombo and extremes in education levels had the greatest likelihood of a CS. Age, although statistically not significant, is clinically important as literature reviewed showed that CS tend to be more prevalent in extremes of age. Conclusion Analysis revealed the importance of factors associated with CS. Targeting areas that showed the greatest prevalence of CS is an effective strategy to address rising rates
Recombinant Human Lactoferrin: An Opportunity to Treat the Neonatal and Adult Severe Sepsis
Authors:   NangioTx, Inc., Newark, NJ 07102, USA, Petrak Karel
Published: April 2023

Lactoferrin, both human and bovine, acts against oxidative stress damage and has a range of beneficial activities such as antipathogenic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-regulatory. In addition, clinical studies have shown human lactoferrin to attenuate inflammation and reduce mortality from neonatal and adult severe sepsis. However, the magnitude of the lactoferrin effect varies between studies. Given the demonstrated efficacy of recombinant human lactoferrin in sepsis, its lack of side effects, ease of administration, and relatively low cost, it is worth exploring whether the protein could be administered “preventively” as soon as the possibility of a patient’s condition progressing to severe sepsis is likely
Designing an English language and literacies knowledge and skills test for Initial Teacher Education students in South Africa
Authors: Roberts Nicky , Mort Thelma
Published: April 2023

Since 2016 the Primary Teacher Education (PrimTEd) project has assessed first and fourth year student teachers' English language and literacies knowledge and skills with a view to optimising what is offered in teacher education courses. In 2021, after a critical review of these English language assessments, a process of test redesigning that also provides professional development opportunities for language teacher educators, was initiated. In this paper, we report on this process of modifying an existing test and discuss a new design that is still a work in progress, in order to make it more responsive to the English language needs of the student teachers. We argue that the emerging test has the potential to contribute to improved English language teacher education at universities and to improved teaching and learning of languages and literacies in South African primary schools.
THE EFFECT OF MESA DIMENSIONS ON MEMS DIAPHRAGMS FOR FABRY-PEROT INTERFEROMETERBASED FIBER OPTIC SENSORS
Authors: DURMAZ Ahmet , HAYBER Şekip Esat , AYDEMİR Umut
Published: April 2023

In this study, the effects of mesa dimensions on sensor response in diaphragm-based Fabry-Perot fiber optic sensors (FOSs) were investigated in detail. Mesa diaphragms, also called center-embossed diaphragms, have been discussed sufficiently in the literature, but the effect of mesa thickness on sensor performance has not been discussed in detail. Moreover, there is no precise analytical solution for such diaphragms. For this reason, diaphragms with different thicknesses and radii were selected, and the deflection and frequency responses of the diaphragm according to the applied acoustic pressure were analyzed using the ANSYS software, depending on whether the mesa is thinner or thicker than the diaphragm. If the thickness of the mesa is smaller than the thickness of the diaphragm, the center deflection changes drastically. However, if the thickness of the mesa is two times greater than the thickness of the diaphragm, there is no significant change in the deflection results. Similarly, if the mesa thickness is thinner than the diaphragm, the sensor’s frequency response changes drastically with increasing mesa radius. In cases where the mesa thickness is larger than the diaphragm thickness, the frequency response changes less. According to the results, mesa dimensions should be considered when designing a mesa diaphragm-based Fabry-Perot FOS.