bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unison as a projection of frame architectonics of connectivity in the Russian language blog discourse
Authors: Shaklein Viktor M. , Kovtunenko Inna V.
Published: March 2021

The pragmatic coherence of stimulating and reactive messages in the Russian blog discourse is based on an open list of conceptual structures of a specific type, namely frames that project unison in the current interaction. It is proved that these frames are the essential parameter of the linguistic competence of representatives of virtual communities and are used by the initiator of communication and its respondents to reach agreement and find a common denominator for the initially conflicting points of view. Their implementation in computer-mediated communication is predetermined by both the formal capabilities of the Russian lexical and grammatical systems (discursive indicators), and the linguistic and cultural conventions that the interlocutors adhere to at one or another stage of joint deployment of the blog discourse. The initiator of connectivity is the respondent (including the blogger in the respondent function) during the construction of a responsive message. The pragmatic structure of these frames includes a foothold in the stimulating message and a staple that connects to this foothold in the reactive message. The elementary structural and semantic unit of the blog text, in which the unison in the opinions of the interlocutors is realized, is the dictative and modus unity of two directly adjacent or remote from each other stimulating and reactive messages. When designing a stimulating message, the blogger chooses dictal or modal propositions that best match his initial intention to establish feedback with a potentially wide range of like-minded respondents. Perceiving the blogger’s judgments, delving into the topic offered to them for discussion, respondents recognize the propositional content of these judgments, their dictative or modus predestination, as well as the goals pursued by the initiator of the interaction.
Dominant strategies of state power discourse
Authors: Irina A. Zyubina
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the dominant strategies of the discourse of state power. The relevance of the study is due to the interest of modern scientists in the anthropocentric scientific paradigm. The focus is on the individuals and their individual qualities associated with the phenomenon of domination. The work was carried out in line with the Implicit Pragminguistics. To carry out an objective pragmalinguistic analysis, as the research material the texts that have the largest possible number of similar features were selected, for example, text content (all analyzed texts are devoted to issues related to the problems of state power), year of the presentation (2018-2020), age (50-57), gender (five men and five women) and nationality (Russian-speaking) authors; and also the similarity of addressees (speeches of the addressees at the meetings of the national Parliament of Russia). The analysis is carried out according to two dominant strategies: “Participation / non-participation of communicants in a speech event” and “Certain / uncertain speech behavior of an author in a speech event”. To confirm the diagnosed personality traits, the references are made to the memoirs of the contemporaries of the representative of the state power whose texts of speeches were submitted for analysis, and we can say that the results are objective and find confirmation in the words of their acquaintances, friends and families, as well as in their biographies. The analysis shows that the majority of the representatives of the state power have a dominant type of behavior, a pronounced individuality and are talented leaders and organizers. You can also highlight such traits of their professional personalities as determination, independence, authoritarianism and focus on the listener. Almost all the representatives of the state power have a lot of confidence in their words, as this is the main trait of a good leader.
Precedent names from source domain Music in UK mass media discourse
Authors: Budaev Eduard V.
Published: March 2021

The paper deals with precedent names derived from source domain “Music” in the modern media discourse in the UK. The data of research include list of 300 precedent names used in the British media (BBC, The Financial Times, The Guardian, The Times, The Daily Mail, The Daily Telegraph, The Independent) in 2010-2020. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the lingvocultural analysis and cognitive analysis of discourse (cognitive-discursive paradigm). Five main methods of studying precedent names in media discourse are highlighted (method of analyzing single precedent names; method of studying precedent names, united by the source domain; method of studying precedent names, united by the target domain; method of functional analysis of precedent names; method of studying precedent names, united by discourse). In accordance with the research goal, this study uses the method of studying precedent names, united by the source domain, in a certain national discourse.
Based on the analysis of practical material, it was concluded that (1) the specificity of the source domain determines the discursive features of the functioning of precedent names in media discourse; (2) the peculiarity of the functioning of precedent names from the considered source domain in the British media discourse is that journalists give preference to the onyms of American and British musical performers, which is due to the dominance of English-language music in world popular culture, while the dominant place is given to rock music performers, which is also due to cultural factors (3) precedent names from the source domain “Music” are used in the UK media discourse as universal signs, the use of which is not limited to musical topics in the target domain. Although most of the contexts in which precedent names are actualized are associated with music, the onyms under consideration can be used to conceptualize phenomena from other spheres of social reality (sports, fashion, terrorism, etc.).
Nursing Education And Anatomy
Authors: Erdem Saadet
Published: March 2021

Canlı insan vücudunun sağlığını koruma ve hastalık durumunda iyileştirme görevini üstlenmiş olan hemşireler, insan vücudu üzerinde en çok uygulama yapan sağlık çalışanlarıdır. Hemşireler üzerinde çalışacakları canlının vücudunu en
iyi şekilde bilmek ve öğrenmek zorundadırlar. Bu nedenle okul döneminde alınacak bilimsel temel hem diğer dersler için bir hazırlık hem de meslek hayatında yapacağı uygulama ve girişimler için bir altyapı oluşturacaktır. Bu bilimsel
temelin oluşumunda ise anatomi vazgeçilmez derslerden biridir. Anatomi bilgisi hastanın fizik muayenesinin gerçekleştirilmesinde, doğru tanının konmasında ve ulaşılan bulguların hasta ve diğer sağlık personelleri ile paylaşılmasında
önemli bir yere sahiptir. Sağlık alanında eğitim veren okullarda anatomi eğitiminin nasıl yapılması gerektiği, hedefe ulaşmak için hangi eğitim yöntemlerinin kullanılması gerektiği, anatomi eğitimine ayrılan zaman ve anatomi eğitiminin
kimler tarafından verilmesi gerektiği gibi sorular hem Türkiye’de hem de dünyada halen tartışılmaktadır. Bu makalede, anatomi eğitimi, hemşirelik eğitiminde anatominin yeri ve belirlenen sorunlar literatür eşliğinde incelenmiştir.
Cybersecurity as a driver of business growth
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Lopatova Natalia
Published: March 2021

The article considers cybersecurity as an opportunity for further business growth and a source of competitive advantage. The main cyber risks that can lead to serious and destructive consequences for companies are identified. The article substantiates the need for strategic management of risks arising in the information space against the background of expanding the cyber threat landscape, as well as an integrated approach to making investment decisions in the field of cybersecurity. The key aspects of forming effective information security programs are identified.
OENOTHERA BIENNIS L. paradox: Part II
Authors:   Institute of Experimental Botany named after V. F. Kuprevich NAS of Belarus, Kandelinskaya Volha , Grischenko Helena , Levkovich Anastasia , Anisovich Marina ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Hygiene
Published: March 2021

Earlier we found for the first time that oil from the seeds of the invasive species O. biennis, collected in various regions of Belarus, is not inferior to world analogues in composition and content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including ?-linolenic acid, and is characterized by hypolipidemic and immunostimulating effects. This work demonstrates the antioxidant and protective effect of the oil on human keratinocytes of the HaCaT line under simulated oxidative stress. A map of the distribution of O. biennis has been compiled and the stocks of seeds have been estimated in the regions of the republic. It is assumed that carrying out large-scale studies of O. biennis will help limit its expansion in Belarus, cultivate and standardize raw materials for the creation of domestic herbal medicines for medical purposes.
SINTESIS MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis) MENJADI BIODIESEL MENGGUNAKAN METIL ASETAT DENGAN METODE INTERESTERIFIKASI
Authors: Sandra Sandra , Susilo Bambang , Aulia Nadia Ijkri
Published: March 2021

Pembuatan biodiesel dari minyak kelapa sawit dilakukan melalui metode transesterifikasi menggunakan metanol dan menghasilkan hasil samping berupa gliserol yang dapat mengurangi nilai ekonominya. Oleh karena itu, metode transesterifikasi digantikan menjadi metode interesterifikasi dengan mengubah metanol menjadi metil asetat yang menghasilkan hasil samping berupa triasetin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi optimal dari variasi konsentrasi katalis NaOH 1,0%, 1,5%, dan 2,0% dan lama waktu sintesis selama 3 jam dan 6 jam terhadap karakteristik biodiesel dengan metode interesterifikasi. Rendemen biodiesel yang dihasilkan berkisar antara 40,87% - 59,50% dengan karakteristik viskositas 4,807 - 4,848 mm2/s, nilai densitas 0,869 - 0,870 g/ml, dan kandungan FAME 81,79% - 84,84%. Hasil penelitian telah sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) Biodiesel, kecuali FAME. Namun, kandungan FAME pada penelitian ini masih mendekati standar. Hasil analisis sidik ragam menunjukkan adanya perlakuan variasi konsentrasi katalis NaOH dan waktu sintesis yang tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap rendemen, viskositas, densitas, dan kandungan FAME. Dengan demikian dalam menentukan perlakuan yang lebih baik dapat dikaitkan dengan keekonomisan (seperti waktu proses dan biaya). Perlakuan yang lebih baik adalah pada katalis NaOH 1% dan waktu sintesis selama 3 jam, dimana memiliki rendemen 49,16% dengan karakteristik yang memiliki nilai viskositas 4,813 mm2/s, densitas 0,869 g/ml, dan kandungan FAME 83,40%.
PENGUKURAN EROSI PADA LAHAN RUMPUT KOLONJONO (Brachiaria mutica) DENGAN METODE PLOT KECIL DI HUTAN WANAGAMA I
Authors: Nugraha Irfansyah Diangga Yusuf , Kusumandari Ambar
Published: March 2021

Hutan Wanagama I Gunungkidul memiliki topografi yang berbukit-bukit dan berlereng sehingga berpotensi tinggi menimbulkan erosi. Kombinasi tebal hujan yang relatif tinggi dan keadaan topografi dengan kemiringan curam berperan penting untuk menghasilkan aliran permukaan yang dapat menimbulkan erosi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara tebal hujan terhadap aliran permukaan, aliran permukaan terhadap erosi, dan tebal hujan terhadap erosi dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linear sederhana. Di Hutan Wanagama I banyak terdapat lahan rumput Kolonjono (Brachiaria mutica) yang ditanam oleh masyarakat sekitar. Oleh karena itu, sangat mendesak untuk dilakukan penelitian erosi pada lahan rumput Kolonjono tersebut untuk menghindari terjadinya degradasi lahan.  Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode plot kecil untuk menganalisis tingkat erosi dan aliran permukaan. Pada penggunaan lahan rumput dibuat 3 plot kecil berukuran 22 m x 4 m, yang dipasang terpisah searah lereng, masing-masing mewakili bagian atas, tengah, dan bawah lereng. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa erosi selama penelitian tergolong sangat rendah, pada plot atas sebesar 52,52 kg/ha, pada plot tengah sebesar 48,44 kg/ha, dan pada plot bawah sebesar 57,90 kg/ha. Tebal hujan sangat memengaruhi aliran permukaan dan aliran permukaan sangat memengaruhi erosi. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa aliran permukaan selama penelitian pada plot atas sebesar 18,26 mm dengan koefisien aliran permukaan sebesar 0,0482, pada plot tengah sebesar 16,92 mm dengan koefisien aliran permukaan sebesar 0,0447, dan pada plot bawah sebesar 20,03 mm dengan koefisien aliran permukaan sebesar 0,0529 yang kesemuanya tergolong baik.
PRA-PERLAKUAN BLANSING PADA PENGERINGAN TIPE BEKU (FREEZE DRYING) UNTUK MEMPERTAHANKAN KUALITAS PETAI (Parkia speciosa)
Authors: Karyadi Joko Nugroho Wahyu , Akbar Muhammad Adani , Ayuni Dwi , Bintoro Nursigit
Published: March 2021

Petai (Parkia speciosa) merupakan salah satu jenis makanan yang memiliki ciri khas rasa yang unik serta nutrisi yang melimpah. Karakteristik tersebut membuat petai berpotensi untuk diolah menjadi sayuran eksotis dengan sasaran pasar nasional maupun internasional. Meskipun begitu, seperti halnya sayuran lain, kualitas petai sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan. Salah satu solusi untuk penyimpanan petai adalah dengan proses pengeringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pra-perlakuan blansing terhadap kualitas fisik petai hasil pengeringan tipe beku (freeze-drying). Dua variasi jenis blansing, yaitu blansing dengan air panas (HWB) dan blansing dengan uap panas (SB) dilakukan sebelum proses pengeringan. Selain itu, pengeringan tipe cabinet juga dilakukan sebagai pembandingan. Kualitas yang diukur pada penelitian ini meliputi karakteristik pengeringan, kadar air, susut bobot, shrinkage ratio, kekerasan bahan, warna, dan kandungan klorofil. Pengering beku yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah pengering hasil rancangan sendiri yang berdimensi total 0,5 x 0,7 x 1,0 m. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik penurunan kadar air pada proses pengeringan beku untuk petai secara baik dideskripsikan dengan model kinetika orde satu (R2 > 0,95; RMSE < 0,1). Kadar air akhir terendah didapatkan dari pengeringan beku, dengan rentang kadar air 2 – 3 % w.b. Pengeringan beku dapat mengurangi resiko discoloration pada petai, dibandingkan dengan pengering tipe cabinet. Pra-perlakuan blansing terbukti dapat membantu meningkatkan laju pengeringan sehingga pengeringan berlangsung lebih cepat, dan kandungan klorofil didalam petai dapat terjaga lebih baik.
As “aparições” de Nossa Senhora: uma avaliação teológica
Authors: Oliveira José Lisboa Moreira de
Published: March 2021

Tem aumentado nos últimos anos os casos de “aparições” de Nossa Senhora.
Pensamentos do coração
Authors: Tepe Valfredo
Published: March 2021

Nas minhas reflexões psicológicas e teológicas, o termo “coração” vem ocupando sempre mais um lugar central.
Academic self-efficacy and motivation: a measurement for the achievement
of school objectives
Authors: Galleguillos-Herrera Patricio , Olmedo-Moreno Eva
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the current investigation is the construction and
validation of the Self-Efficacy Scale (ACAES) through a deliberate sample of
1101 Chilean school students. The methodological procedure was carried out
from the classic approach perspective of the theory of the test,
complementing the exploratory factor analysis with the models of the
structural equation modeling (SEM). The exploratory factor analysis of the
18 statements of the scale showed a structure of 3 factors, namely:
confidence in the task; effort made in performing the task and comprehension
of the task. The statistics associated to the instrument show a 57.037% of
explained variance and a Cronbach alpha of the total scale of 0.917. At
confirmatory level (SEM), the model obtained a goodness degree of global
adjustment (Chi Square /gl) equal to 2.87, a RMSEA equal to 0.049, as well
as, adequate adjustment index, namely, CFI=0.963; IFI=0.963 and RMSR
(standardised)=0.0359. The psychometric properties account for a valid and
reliable instrument for measurement of academic self-efficacy in school
context, as well as, to facilitate cognitive and metacognitive processes as
self-regulatory learning strategy.
University victims of bullying: A study of temporal and situational
factors
Authors: Ramón Juan Pedro Martínez , Esteban Cecilia Ruíz , Mateo Inmaculada Méndez
Published: March 2021

Bullying at university level has lacked the same prominence as in
previous stages despite being a reality. For this reason, the aim of this
study was to analyze the presence of victims of bullying among university
students depending on sociodemographic variables as well as temporal and
situational factors. To this end, the Questionnaire on Harassment among
University Students (QAEU) was administered to 765 participants who were
studying at a university of the southeast of Spain, both undergraduate
(83.7%) and Master's or other studies. This psychometric tool collected
information on sociodemographic variables, place (class or outside the
classroom), and time (during group work, in class or at another time). The
results showed that 35.4% of women and 26.7% of men in the group of victims
of bullying were in the fourth year of a Grade. The direct aggressions
occurred even while teaching (3.3% in men and 1.1% in women), also occurring
outside the classroom and during group work. The conclusions derived from
this study support the need for detecting and intervening on bullying among
university students, as was done in previous stages. Similarly, it is
necessary to design and implement both proactive and reactive programs that
have a rapid impact on the phenomenon described.
Personalities of the Hyperthymic Circle: Evolution of Conception Views and Patokinesis
Authors: Churkina A. M. , Subbotskaya N. V.
Published: March 2021

The aim of review: to present the evolution of the concepts and pathokinesis of hyperthymia.

Materials and methods: according to the keywords “personality of the hyperthymic circle”, “hyperthymia”, “bipolar affective disorder”, “chronic hypomania”, publications were searched in PubMed/MEDLINE, RSCI and other sources from the middle of the 19th century to the present.

Conclusion: in science, historically, two intersecting psychopathological  concepts of hyperthymia have developed, positioning it as a single continuum of bipolar disorder and affective temperament/personality disorder. In recent years, thanks to the success and introduction of biological psychiatry, studies have appeared that confirm the structural-dynamic and pathogenetic integrity of hyperthymia.
Neurobiology of Schizophrenia (to the Construction of Clinical and Biological Model)
Authors: Klyushnik T. P. , Smulevich A. B. , Zozulya S. A. , Voronova E. I.
Published: March 2021

The objective: of the study was to present the main provisions of a new clinical and biological model of schizophrenia, which establishes links between disorders in the field of biological processes and the formation of positive and negative in the general psychopathological space of schizophrenia on the basis of the analysis of long-term results of clinical and biological research of the Mental Health Research Centre.

Material and method: by keywords “schizophrenia”, “biological hypotheses of schizophrenia”, “neuroinflammation”, “neurodegeneration”; “positive disorders”, “negative disorders”, “neuroimmune relationships”, “catabolismof tryptophan”, “activation of microglia”, publications from PubMed/MEDLINE databases, RSCI and other sources were analyzedover the past 10 years in comparison with the results of clinical and biological studies of schizophrenia at the Mental Health Science Center.

Results: comparison and analysis of current biological hypotheses of schizophrenia indicates that immunological studies are the most promising for solving the problem of establishing links between disorders of  neurobiological processes and psychopathological specificities of  schizophrenia. Within the framework of the new clinical and biological  model, a key role is assigned to the process of neuroinflammation, which determines the pathogenesis of both negative and positive disorders by various, albeit interrelated, molecular mechanisms. One of these mechanisms,  associated with the development of reversible positive symptom complexes, is based on an imbalance in the neurotransmitter  systems, which is formed as a result of the effect of proinflammatory  cytokines on tryptophan catabolism. Another mechanism that determines the  development of negative symptom complexes is associated with the influence of cytotoxic metabolites on the processes of neurodegeneration. 

Conclusion:  a new clinical and biological model of schizophrenia establishes a paradigm of the relationship between disorders in the sphere of biological processes determined by neuroinflammation/inflammation and the  formation of the main procedural dimensions — positive and negative disorders in the general psychopathological space of schizophrenia. This model makes it possible to clarify some general provisions related to the pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia and the relief of negative disorders, and also serves as the basis for the development of new approaches to early diagnosis, clinical and social prognosis.
Implementasi Pelatihan E-Learning Di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Kota Malang
Authors: Mansur M , Lutfiana Rose Fitria
Published: March 2021

Salah satu tantangan era revolusi industri 4.0 di bidang pendidikan sejalan dengan kompetensi profesional guru abad 21, yaitu terkait dengan kemampuan guru untuk bisa mengimplementasikan e-learningdalam proses belajar mengajar di Kelas.SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Kota Malang dipilih sebagai tempat pengabdian kepada masyarakat karena dalam pengimplementasian sistem pembelajaran dengan e-learningmasih terkendala pada sumber daya manusia (guru) yang belum memahami apa itu e-learning. Kegiatan pelatihan dan pendampingan ini dilakukan melalui empat tahapan yaitu focus group discussion (FGD), pelatihan, pendampingan dan monitoring evaluasi. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini antara lain: hampir 78,2% guru yang mengikuti pelatihan dan pendampingan penggunaan e-learningtelah mampu mengguasai implementasi e-learningdalam proses belajar mengajar dan 65,2% guru yang mengikuti kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini telah mengimplementasikan e-learningpada pembelajaran semester ganjil 2019/2020.
Upaya Peningkatan Kualitas Hidup Melalui Program LAGA (Latihan Fisik dan Yoga) Pada Lansia di UPTD Panti Tresna Werdhanirwana Puri Samarinda
Authors: Lubis Bachtiar Safrudin , Wijayanti Tri
Published: March 2021

Keterbatasan dan penurunan fungsi fisik, psikologis dan sosialnya maka akan berdampak pada fase tidur. Faktor tersebut dapat mempengaruhi lansia secara menyeluruh, seperti adanya rasa tak berguna, perasaan sedih dan kesepian yang dapat menyebabkan kualitas tidur lansia menjadi menurun atau buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh relaksasi progresif dan tidur sehat terhadap penurunan gangguan tidur pada kelompok lansia. Pengabidain masyarakat ini menghasilkan data primer tetang gambaran kulaitis hidup lansia. Pengukuran kualitas hidup lansia menggunakan instrumen Quality of Life (QOL) dan intervensi latihan fisik dan yoga (Laga). Laga merupakan bentuk intervensi keperawatan komunitas yang dilakukan dengan melibatkan peran serta kelompok lansia dengan masalah yang sama. Pelaksanaan intervensi ini dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan 110 lansia di panti tresna Werdha Nirwana Puri Samarinda. Kegiatan pengabdian melibatkan mahasiswa Ners stase Gerontik sebnyak 12 mahasiswa yang dilaksanakan selama 4 minggu yang dilakukan setiap hari kamis. Hasil kegiatan didapatkan bahwa sebanyak 45 lansia dengan kualitas hidup baik dan 28 kualitas buruk. Pengabdian masyarakat di dengan gambaran kualitas hidup baik sebanyak. Saran bagi kepala PSTW adalah memberikan support untuk perawat pengelola atau perawat panti untuk melakukan terapi komplementer yang bervariasi pada saat pelaksanaan kegiatan lansia di hari Kamis.
Peran Kader SPG (Stop Penyakit Gastritis) di Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Ghozali Ghozali , Sudirman Sudirman , Amalia Ayu Rizki , Setiawan Ferry
Published: March 2021

Indonesia data penduduk yang menderita gastritis sekitar 40-50% diperkirakan adanya sebanyak 10 juta jiwa untuk itu penduduk yang berusia 40 tahun dari 6,5%  jumlah populasi penduduk. Tahun 2016 di Kalimantan timur penyakit gastritis berada diurutan ke-4 penyakit terbanyak jumlah prevelensi sebanyak 8% dari jumlah penduduk.  survey awal yang dilakukan di Pondok Pesantren Istiqomah pada enam bulan terakhir didapatkan data pravelensi sebanyak 32,3% mengalami maag, 12,6% mengalami diare, 3,1% mengalami scabies, dan Sebanyak 88% santri mengalami nyeri dan perih dibagian ulu hati. Tujuan terbentuknyaperan kader SPG (stop penyakit gastritis)untuk menjalankan kegiatan pendidikan kesehatan UKS di pondok pesantren dan untuk  memonitoring para santri dengan media buku saku.Pengabdian Masyarakat ini menggunakan metode : (1) negosiasi (2) community empowerment (3) pembuatan buku saku “Stop Gastritis”. Dengan media penyampian berupa penayangan video, buku saku, poster yang telah diberikan santri dapat memahami dan meningkatkan pengetahuan mereka terhadap penyakit gastritis yang dimana penyakit gastritis merupakan penyakit yang banyak dikeluhkan oleh santri di pondok pesantren. Promosi kesehatan yang mendalam terkait dengan gastritis perlu di berikan kepada kader kesehatan pondok pesantren secara terus menerus.
Bilaga 2. Styrelsen genom åren
Authors: Alander Joakim
Published: March 2021

Bilaga 2. Styrelsen genom åren
Bilaga 3. Donnerska institutets pristagare
Authors: Alander Joakim
Published: March 2021

Bilaga 3. Donnerska institutets pristagare
Сhromatographic methods for the study of organic extractants of transformer oil
Authors: Vu Ngoc Dan , Novikov V. F.
Published: March 2021

THE PURPOSE. In order to control the technical condition of oil-filled electrical equipment, a number of new analytical methods have recently been created to determine the ultra-low concentrations of impurity compounds in transformer oil. An analysis of the literature data showed that at this stage of the analytical procedure significant errors may occur that worsen the quality of control of the technical condition of oil-filled electrical equipment, and in some cases make its results meaningless. The published literature practically does not discuss the problem of sample preparation of transformer oil, which negatively affects the quality of analytical control, that is, the reliability of the results and, accordingly, the diagnosis of oil-filled electrical equipment. METHODS. The paper discusses a sample preparation system for transformer oil, which is based on various methods for extracting target components from it. The adsorption process is used, the preparation of chemical derivatives, various types of extraction, liquid, gas, solid phase and fluid, as well as using low temperatures, extraction in microwave, magnetic, electromagnetic and centrifugal fields. It is shown that liquid extraction with an organic solvent is widely used from all sample preparation methods, with the help of which furan compounds resulting from the destruction of paper insulation are extracted from transformer oil. The disadvantages of sample preparation using liquid-phase extraction and the possibility of using solid-phase extraction on various adsorbents for this purpose are discussed. RESULTS. The results of an experimental study of the sorption properties of various organic solvents with respect to porous materials differing in the structure of their surface are presented. We used zeolite-bearing rocks of the Tatar-Shatrashansky deposit, synthetic zeolites NaX-13A. Using the ascending variant of liquid column chromatography, the absolute retention values of standard extractants were determined and their dependence on the length of the sorption layer of the porous material was found. CONCLUSIONS. It was shown that the highest retention times for all studied adsorbents are observed for organochlorine extractants, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, trichlorethylene. For N. Hexane is a relatively small interaction. Histograms are given of the effect of the retention time of standard sorbates (extractants) on their physicochemical nature.
Reliability factor in the design of a distribution network
Authors: Byk F. L. , Kakosha Yu. V. , Myshkina L. S.
Published: March 2021

Decision-making at the design stage of the distribution network significantly affects the change in the indices of uninterrupted power supply to consumers. The main ones are SAIDI and SAIFI. There is no methodological support for determining the predicted values of the power supply continuity indices. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for calculating the predicted values of indicators of uninterrupted supply during design. A feature of the technique is the account of the circuit-mode changes in the 0.4-10 kV distribution network section. The introduction of the developed methodology into project practice is relevant and expedient. An important point is the accounting of distributed generation, which has a significant impact on the operating conditions of power supply systems. Local power systems based on distribution generation and networks 0,4-10 kv are becoming widespread, which can serve as the basis for distributed energy and energy transition in Russia. Their appearance increases the efficiency of the energy sector, including increasing the power supply reliability. However, difficulties arise in justifying distributed generation power distribution schemes, the feasibility of measures to create local power systems and the effectiveness of their integration without appropriate research and methodological support. The developed methodology is based on the use of statistical processing methods, expert systems, the SAIDI method. It is aimed at medium and low voltage distribution networks. The methodology makes it possible to compare measures taking into account changes in the structural and functional reliability of the distribution network and regime restrictions. Verification of the methodology was carried out on the example of a section of the distribution network of a residential neighborhood. Comparison of the results obtained by the methodology and in the software ETAP, proved the adequacy of the proposed methodology and the reliability of the predicted values obtained SAIDI and SAIFI.
Military Ethics Education and the Changing Nature of Warfare
Authors: Višekruna Bojana , Stanar Dragan
Published: March 2021

This article analyzes two traditional approaches to teaching military ethics, aspirational and functionalist approach, in light of the existing technological development in the military. Introduction of new technological solutions to waging warfare that involve dehumanization, such as unmanned aerial vehicles, as well as employment of different technological tools to enhance humans participating in war and to improve military efficiency (such as built-in AI algorithms), not only bring to the surfaces the obviously existing weakness and inadequacies of the two traditional approaches to military ethics education, which have been rendered suboptimal, but also raise new challenges. The paper argues that teaching military ethics solely from the two perspective does not meet the demands of the upcoming (perhaps even already ongoing) military technological revolution and that the future will demand a more profound and conceptual moral education of military personnel that will reassess the role of martial virtues, increase responsibility for killing in war (making war more “real” and riskless killing more “difficult”) and result in military professionals that resemble “a Renaissance man” in their philosophical outlook. Only by ensuring that all military professionals (in particular high-ranking officers) have been properly and adequately ethically educated, future armies, as well as entire societies, can actively aspire toward optimal armed forces structure, a more professional and efficient approach to military profession, and ultimately better and more responsible military personnel in total.
Changes in Production Modes and Intellectual Relations in Managing the Behavior of Oil and Gas Labors in Muara Badak District
Authors: Priambodo Nalendro , Murlianti Sri , Nanang Martinus
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT:

This study aims to identify the pattern of changes in the mode of production of people who work as farmers and fishermen in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, especially Muara Badak District after the entry of the oil and gas industry in the region, and analyze how intellectual relations are in regulating the behavior of oil and gas workers along with the social, economic and political impacts. raised. This type of qualitative research uses the Grounded Theory approach. The results of this study indicate that changes in the way people produce from agriculture, plantations, and traditional fisheries in Muara Badak District have been accompanied by a mechanism for releasing social ties to land and sea through intermediary policies that are pro to the formation of industrial commodities for market interests and result in a decline in the domestic industry due to dependence. in the oil and gas industry. This dependence also gave birth to an intellectual layer and a working class that served the interests of the plantation, aquaculture and oil and gas-based industries. The process of its journey was accompanied by the emergence of various kinds of class conflicts, which gave rise to types of organic intellectuals who tried to fight back against the exploitation that occurred.

ABSTRAK:

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasikan pola perubahan mode produksi masyarakat yang berprofesi sebagai petani dan nelayan di Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, khususnya Kecamatan Muara Badak setelah masuknya industri migas di wilayah tersebut dan menganalisis bagaimana relasi intelektual dalam pengaturan prilaku buruh migas beserta dampak sosial, ekonomi dan politik yang ditimbulkan. Jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Grounded Theory. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perubahan cara masyarakat berproduksi dari pertanian, perkebunan dan perikanan tradisional di Kecamatan Muara Badak ikut dibarengi dengan mekanisme pelepasan ikatan sosial dengan tanah dan laut melalui perantara kebijakan yang pro terhadap pembentukan komoditas industri untuk kepentingan pasar serta mengakibatkan kemunduran industri domestik akibat ketergantungan pada industri migas. Ketergantungan ini juga melahirkan lapisan intelektual dan kelas buruh yang mengabdi pada kepentingan industri berbasis perkebunan, pertambakan dan migas. Dalam proses perjalalanannya juga dibarengi dengan kemunculan berbagai macam konflik kelas sehingga memunculkan jenis intelektual organik yang berusaha melakukan perlawanan balik terhadap eksploitasi yang terjadi.
Reggae Music Community Practice in The City of Bontang (Descriptive Study of Bontang Reggae Community)
Authors: Syafa Muhammad Fachmi , Murlianti Sri
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT:

This study describes the practice of social life in the field of music in the city of Bontang, based on a sociological perspective using the generative formulation of the theory of Pierre Bourdieu (Habitus x Modal) + Ranah = Practice. This shows that the existence of the Bontang Reggae Community has produced several groups consisting of Reggae Grill, Slow Reggae, and Reggae Vibe groups as actors who practice in the realm of reggae music. This group was formed because of the different knowledge and understanding in the field of reggae music as a realm of space for social life, which then produced various habitus according to the realm of music in each group. Also, the existence of each group has been supported by the existence of a classification of capital which according to Bourdieu consists of four fundamental capitals including material capital, social capital, cultural capital, and symbolic capital. The three groups produce a practice resulting from dialectical relations through habitus-modal interactions in different and prominent domains of reggae music. The Reggae Grill group produces practices that come from symbolic capital, and circular habitus or the use of Cannabis, then the Slow Reggae group produces modern music practices that come from material capital and cultural capital, and the Reggae Vibe group produces solidarity practices that come from cultural capital and capital. symbolic, as well as group habitus.

ABSTRAK:

Penelitian ini menggambarkan praktik kehidupan sosial masyarakat pada bidang seni musik di kota Bontang, berdasarkan perspektif sosiologi dengan menggunakan rumusan generatif teori Pierre Bourdieu (Habitus x Modal) + Ranah = Praktik. Menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan Bontang Reggae Community telah melahirkan beberapa kelompok yang terdiri dari kelompok Reggae Grill, Slow Reggae, dan Reggae Vibe sebagai aktor yang melakukan praktik dalam ranah kehidupan seni musik reggae. Kelompok ini terbentuk karna adanya pengetahuan dan pemahaman yang berbeda-beda di bidang seni musik reggae sebagai ranah atau ruang kehidupan sosial, yang kemudian menghasilkan berbagai habitus sesuai dengan ranah musik pada masing-masing kelompok. Selain itu, keberadaan setiap kelompok telah didukung dengan adanya klasifikasi modal yang menurut Bourdieu terdiri dari keempat modal fundamental diantaranya adalah, modal material, modal sosial, modal kultural, dan modal simbolik. Ketiga kelompok tersebut menghasilkan sebuah praktik yang dihasilkan dari hubungan dialektis melalui interaksi habitus-modal dalam ranah musik reggae yang berbeda dan menonjol. Kelompok Reggae Grill menghasilkan praktik yang bersumber dari modal simbolik, dan habitus melingkar atau penggunaan Cannabis, kemudian kelompok Slow Reggae menghasilkan praktik musik modern yang bersumber dari modal material dan modal budaya, serta kelompok Reggae Vibe menghasilkan praktik solidaritas yang bersumber dari modal budaya, dan modal simbolik, serta habitus berkelompok.
Beberapa Permasalahan Dan Pengembangan Metode Pertanggalan Radiokarbon
Authors: Wisjachudin Faisal , Taftazani Agus , Wasito Bangun
Published: March 2021

Telah dilakukan percobaan untuk penelitian dan pengembangan pertanggalan radiokarbon. Dalam ha! ini yang perlu dicermati adalah adanya beberapa permasalahan. Permasalahan tersebut antara lain teknik pengambilan sampel, teknik penanganannya di laboratorium, keberadaan standar referensi, adanya kontaminasi pada sampel, fraksinasi isotop, fluktuasi radiokarbon ( 14C), keterbatasan sampel dan evaluasi data. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan itu dilakukan penelitian yang mengacu pada perbaikan teknik yang menjadi permasalahan tersebut. Hasil percobaan terhadap sampel kayu, yang dilakukan pencucian dibandingkan dengan yang tidak diberi perlakuan pencucian, menunjukkan adanya perbedaan harga umur sampel kayu sekitar 391 tahun dari umur sesungguhnya sekitar 700 tahun yang lalu. Koreksi delta 13C karena adanya fraksinasi isotop menunjukkan cukup bermakna untuk sampel yang berumur di bawah 30.000 tahun. Koreksi lingkaran pohon (tree ring correction) yaitu koreksi adanya fluktuasi radiokarbon (14C) pada masa lalu juga memberikan koreksi yang perlu dikaji oleh para peneliti dari bidang arkeologi. Untuk itu diperlukan penanganan sampel dan perlakuan awal yang baik, penentuan harga delta 13C untuk koreksi adanya fraksinasi isotop karbon, koreksi fluktuasi radiokarbon sedemikian sehingga diperoleh harga pertanggalan yang terkoreksi dengan evaluasi data yang melibatkan berbagai disiplin ilmu, serta upaya penanganan keterbatasan sampel dari lapangan.
Kajian 'Arkeologi Situs Masa Sejarah' Di Lasem: Pergeseran Pusat Kegiatan
Authors: Rangkuti Nurhadi
Published: March 2021

Dalam Babad Lasem tercatat peristiwa pergeseran pusat kegiatan yang ditandai dengan berpindahnya keraton dari Kriyan ke Bonang-Binangun dan akhimya dipindah lagi ke Colegawan. Dua lokasi pusat kegiatan yaitu Bonang-Binangun dan Colagawan terjadi pada masa berkembangnya pengaruh agama Islam di daerah pesisir utara Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur. Kedua lokasi pusat kegiatan tersebut berada di daerah pantai. yaitu di Bonang-Binangun dan Caruban. Dipindahkannya lokasi pusat kegiatan di daerah pantai tidak mustahil karena disebabkan semakin ramainya perdagangan pada masa timbulnya Demak. sebagai kerajaan Islam di daerah pesisir.
Keberadaan Bahasa Melayu-Kuna Abad VII- IX C Di Jawa
Authors: Darmosoetopo Riboet
Published: March 2021

Prasasti sebagai peninggalan budaya dan sangat penting untuk dipergunakan dalam penulisan sejarah, ditemukan di seantero kepulauan Indonesia. Tetapi prasasti yang berbahasa Melayu-Kuna hanya ditemukan di Sumatra dan Jawa. Akhir-akhir ini ditemukan juga prasasti berbahasa Melayu-Kuna di pantai selatan pulau Laguna, Pilipina. Delapan prasasti berbahasa Melayu-Kuna dari masa Kedatuan Sriwijaya ditemukan di Sumatra. Kedelapan prasasti itu ialah prasasti Kedukanbukuit (605 C), Talang Tuwo (606 C), Kota Kapur( 608 C), Karangbirahi, Telaga Batu, Boom Baru, Palas Pasemah, dan prasasti Bungkuk. Ketujuh prasasti berbahasa Melayu-Kuna yang ditemukan di pulau Jawa ialah prasasti Manjusrigrha (714 C), Payaman (700-750 C), Dapunta Selendra (± 750 C), Sang Hyang Wintang, Dang Pu Hawang Glis, Dewa Drawya (Dieng), dan prasasti dari Kebon Kopi. Sebuah prasasti dari lempengan tembaga, berbahasa Melayu-Kuna, beraksara Jawa-Kuna, bertahun 822 C ditemukan di pantai Laguna (Kepulauan Pilipina Selatan). Timbul permasalahan tentang keberadaan bahasa Melayu-Kuna ini di Jawa baik mengenai proses maupun perkembangannya dalam kontilasi kesejarahan. Oleh karena itu dalam makalah kecil ini akan dicoba mengajukan gagasan pemecahannya meskipun masih bersifat hipotetis.
Makna Epitap Kuburan Ki Ageng Kebokenongo Di Situs Pengging Dalam Manfaat Ilmu Pemerintahan
Authors: Nawawi Abdul Choliq
Published: March 2021

Epitap di Situs Pengging ini terukir pada sebuah papan kayu jati, terletak di atas ambang pintu masuk cungkup kuburan Ki Ageng Kebokenongo di dusun Gedong, desa Dukuh, Kecamatan Banyudono. Epitap ini berbahasa dan berhuruf Arab dengan khat gaya Tsuluts. terdiri atas satu baris saja. Keadaan huruf-hurufnya masih baik, kecuali hanya sepatah kata saja yang agak rusak. Pada sisi kanan dan sisi kiri epitap ini ditemukan dua buah gan1bar lambang matahari yang masing-masing bersinar delapan pancaran dan sering dikatakan sebagai sinar "Surya Majapahit". Jenis angka tahun yang digunakan dalam epitap ini adalah abjad Arab. lnformasi yang terdapat dalam epitap ini menyebutkan adanya lembaga-lembaga pemerintahan. seperti: wali, ulama dan syaikh akbar.
Tingkat Teknologi Logam Dalam Masyarakat Pendukung Budaya Situs Pasir Angin
Authors: Triwurjani R.r. , Prijono Sudarti
Published: March 2021

Bervariasinya jenis dan banyaknya temuan kerak menunjukkan bahwa di situs tersebut telah terjadi suatu kegiatan pertukangan logam, hal ini juga didukung oleh bervariasinya komposisi setiap campuran. Variasi campuran yang dibuat menunjukkan bahwa manusia pendukung budaya Pasir Angin sudah menguasai pengetahuan tentang campuran logam. Teknik yang digunakan dalam pembuatan artefak perunggu umumnya masih menggunakan teknik penuangan, dengan cetakan yang terbuat dari campuran pasir dan tanah liat, sedangkan teknik penempaan diperkirakan masih dalam taraf percobaan.
Aspek Prasejarah Di Wilayah Kabupaten Tabalong Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Kosasih E.A.
Published: March 2021

Untuk melacak lebih lanjut potensi arkeologis yang ada di wilayah Kalimantan Selatan --khususnya di Kabupaten Tabalong-- akan disajikan hasil-hasil penelitian prasejarah (dan tradisinya) yang telah dilakukan selama ini oleh Balai Arkeologi Banjarmasin bekerja sama dengan Pusat Penelitian Arkeologi Nasional. Hasil penelitian ini perlu diungkapkan, untuk lebih memahami potensi arkeologi di wilayah Kabupaten Tabalong.
Mental imageries of teachers on distance education in Turkey
Authors:   Faculty of Education, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey, Koçoğlu Erol
Published: March 2021

Distance education is an education type applied under ordinary and extraordinary conditions. This type of education has synchronous and asynchronous dimensions of realization. It can be said that computer-based internet technologies gain significance in a process where any of these dimensions are used. In these technology-supported learning environments, it is remarkable that the teacher and the student are in different perimeters. In this context, it can be stated that the concept of distance education requires a particular perspective, and the existing mentality of people diverts this perspective. Therefore, this study primarily aims to determine the teachers' perceptions of distance education concepts according to their genders by using mental imageries. The working group of this research, which was prepared according to the qualitative methods, consisted of 100 teachers (38 males and 62 females) who served in various academic majors in public and private educational institutions in many provinces of Turkey during the 2020-2021 school year. The study data were obtained through a survey in which the participant teachers filled in the blank spaces in the sentence of “ Distance education is similar to ... because ... ”. Study data were interpreted using the content analysis technique. Regarding the distance education concept, teachers produced mental imageries under twelve different themes. When these various themes were evaluated, it was observed that the teachers mostly formed their mental imagery by considering the "Image of Nature" theme.
Was hat der Protest gegen den Lockdown mit Freiheit – und was hat Freiheit mit diesem Protest zu tun?
Authors: Heid Helmut
Published: March 2021

What does Protesting against the Lockdown have to do with Freedom – and what does Freedom have to do with this Protest?

Measures taken to protect against COVID-19 infections are heavily criticized because they restrict the freedom of people concerned. This article deals with two issues: 1. Which function does the reference to freedom have in the context of this critique? 2. What are the prerequisites of what is referred to and practised as freedom with regard to education?
Das Versprechen der Individualisierung
Authors: Nothelfer Anna-Maria
Published: March 2021

The Promise of Individualization: Digitized Education in Political Resolutions of the ›Kultusministerkonferenz‹

This article analyses argumentation patterns in the discourse on digitized education using the example of various publications of the ›Kultusministerkonferenz‹ from 2012-2020. In particular the promise of individualization and competence orientation are highlighted as leitmotifs of digitized education which need to be examined more closely from a pedagogical point of view.
Item Characteristic Curve Asymmetry: A Better Way to Accommodate Slips and Guesses Than a Four-Parameter Model?
Authors: Liao Xiangyi , Bolt Daniel M.
Published: March 2021

Four-parameter models have received increasing psychometric attention in recent years, as a reduced upper asymptote for item characteristic curves can be appealing for measurement applications such as adaptive testing and person-fit assessment. However, applications can be challenging due to the large number of parameters in the model. In this article, we demonstrate in the context of mathematics assessments how the slip and guess parameters of a four-parameter model may often be empirically related. This observation also has a psychological explanation to the extent that both asymptote parameters may be manifestations of a single item complexity characteristic. The relationship between lower and upper asymptotes motivates the consideration of an asymmetric item response theory model as a three-parameter alternative to the four-parameter model. Using actual response data from mathematics multiple-choice tests, we demonstrate the empirical superiority of a three-parameter asymmetric model in several standardized tests of mathematics. To the extent that a model of asymmetry ultimately portrays slips and guesses not as purely random but rather as proficiency-related phenomena, we argue that the asymmetric approach may also have greater psychological plausibility.