bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deregulation of LIMD1–VHL–HIF-1α–VEGF pathway is associated with different stages of cervical cancer
Authors: Chakraborty Chandraditya , Mitra Sraboni , Roychowdhury Anirban , Samadder Sudip , Dutta Sankhadeep , Roy Anup , Das Pradip , Mandal Ranajit Kumar , Sharp Tyson V. , Roychoudhury Susanta , Panda Chinmay Kumar
Published: April 2018

To understand the mechanism of cellular stress in basal–parabasal layers of normal cervical epithelium and during different stages of cervical carcinoma, we analyzed the alterations (expression/methylation/copy number variation/mutation) of HIF-1α and its associated genes LIMD1, VHL and VEGF in disease-free normal cervix (n = 9), adjacent normal cervix of tumors (n = 70), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN; n = 32), cancer of uterine cervix (CACX; n = 174) samples and two CACX cell lines. In basal–parabasal layers of normal cervical epithelium, LIMD1 showed high protein expression, while low protein expression of VHL was concordant with high expression of HIF-1α and VEGF irrespective of HPV-16 (human papillomavirus 16) infection. This was in concordance with the low promoter methylation of LIMD1 and high in VHL in the basal–parabasal layers of normal cervix. LIMD1 expression was significantly reduced while VHL expression was unchanged during different stages of cervical carcinoma. This was in concordance with their frequent methylation during different stages of this tumor. In different stages of cervical carcinoma, the expression pattern of HIF-1α and VEGF was high as seen in basal–parabasal layers and inversely correlated with the expression of LIMD1 and VHL. This was validated by demethylation experiments using 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine in CACX cell lines. Additional deletion of LIMD1 and VHL in CIN/CACX provided an additional growth advantage during cervical carcinogenesis through reduced expression of genes and associated with poor prognosis of patients. Our data showed that overexpression of HIF-1α and its target gene VEGF in the basal–parabasal layers of normal cervix was due to frequent inactivation of VHL by its promoter methylation. This profile was maintained during different stages of cervical carcinoma with additional methylation/deletion of VHL and LIMD1.
Nucleic acid-induced potentiation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 enzymatic activity
Authors: Duellman Tyler , Chen Xi , Wakamiya Rie , Yang Jay
Published: April 2018

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play varied roles in normal biology and diseases where, depending on the context, both inhibition and enhancement of the enzymatic activity may be beneficial. However, there are very few reports of positive modulators of MMP activity. We report that polynucleotides, including single-stranded DNA, RNA, and even double-stranded DNA, bind to and enhance the enzymatic activity of MMP9. This enhancement of MMP9 catalytic activity is not shared by biologically active polycationic molecules suggesting nonspecific charge screening as an unlikely mechanism. Deletion construct and MMP1, 2, and 3 studies suggest that the type-II fibronectin repeat domains of the enzyme appear to play a role in mediating the nucleotide potentiation of MMP9 activity. Single-stranded DNA enhances nerve growth factor-induced MMP9-dependent neurite extension in pheochromocytoma 12 cells providing evidence for potential biological significance of the nucleotide-mediated allosteric enhancement of the catalytic activity.
Genetic susceptibility of five tagSNPs in the endothelin-1 (EDN1) gene to coronary artery disease in a Chinese Han population
Authors: Liang Li-li , Chen Lin , Zhou Meng-yuan , Cai Meng-yun , Cheng Jie , Chen Yi , You Si-kun , Chen Lin-bin , Tang Zi-bin , Yang Xi-li , Chen Can , Liu Xinguang , Xiong Xing-dong
Published: April 2018

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) plays important roles in endothelial dysfunction, vascular physiology, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Nonetheless, the role of ET-1 (EDN1) gene variants on coronary artery disease (CAD) risk remains poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of EDN1 gene polymorphisms on individual susceptibility to CAD. We genotyped five tagSNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) (rs6458155, rs4145451, rs9369217, rs3087459, and rs2070699) within EDN1 gene in 525 CAD patients and 675 control subjects. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, we detected an association of rs6458155 in EDN1 gene with the CAD risk; compared with the TT homozygotes, the CT heterozygotes (odds ratio (OR) = 1.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–2.29, P=0.040) and the CC homozygotes (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.01–2.36, P=0.043) were statistically significantly associated with the increased risk for CAD. A similar trend of the association was found in dominant model (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.05–2.25, P=0.029). Consistently, the haplotype rs6458155C-rs4145451C containing rs6458155 C allele exhibited the increased CAD risk (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.03–1.43, and P=0.018). In addition, CT genotype of rs6458155 conferred the increased plasma ET-1 levels compared with TT genotype (P<0.05). No association of the other four tagSNPs in EDN1 gene with CAD risk was observed. In conclusion, our study provides the first evidence that EDN1 tagSNP rs6458155 is associated with CAD risk in the Chinese Han population, which is probably due to the influence of the circulating ET-1 levels.
Evidence that the metabolite repair enzyme NAD(P)HX epimerase has a moonlighting function
Authors: Niehaus Thomas D. , Elbadawi-Sidhu Mona , Huang Lili , Prunetti Laurence , Gregory Jesse F. , de Crécy-Lagard Valérie , Fiehn Oliver , Hanson Andrew D.
Published: April 2018

NAD(P)H-hydrate epimerase (EC 5.1.99.6) is known to help repair NAD(P)H hydrates (NAD(P)HX), which are damage products existing as R and S epimers. The S epimer is reconverted to NAD(P)H by a dehydratase; the epimerase facilitates epimer interconversion. Epimerase deficiency in humans causes a lethal disorder attributed to NADHX accumulation. However, bioinformatic evidence suggest caution about this attribution by predicting that the epimerase has a second function connected to vitamin B6 (pyridoxal 5′-phosphate and related compounds). Specifically, (i) the epimerase is fused to a B6 salvage enzyme in plants, (ii) epimerase genes cluster on the chromosome with B6-related genes in bacteria, and (iii) epimerase and B6-related genes are coexpressed in yeast and Arabidopsis. The predicted second function was explored in Escherichia coli, whose epimerase and dehydratase are fused and encoded by yjeF. The putative NAD(P)HX epimerase active site has a conserved lysine residue (K192 in E. coli YjeF). Changing this residue to alanine cut in vitro epimerase activity by ≥95% but did not affect dehydratase activity. Mutant cells carrying the K192A mutation had essentially normal NAD(P)HX dehydratase activity and NAD(P)HX levels, showing that the mutation had little impact on NAD(P)HX repair in vivo. However, these cells showed metabolome changes, particularly in amino acids, which exceeded those in cells lacking the entire yjeF gene. The K192A mutant cells also had reduced levels of ‘free’ (i.e. weakly bound or unbound) pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. These results provide circumstantial evidence that the epimerase has a metabolic function beyond NAD(P)HX repair and that this function involves vitamin B6.
Algorithm on fuzzy adaptive backstepping control of fractional order for doubly‐fed induction generators
Authors: Aounallah Tarek , Essounbouli Najib , Hamzaoui Abdelaziz , Bouchafaa Farid
Published: April 2018

This study proposes a fractional‐order control for a variable speed wind energy system equipped with a doubly‐fed induction generator. The control scheme under study, which is applied to the generator‐side converter, combines the feedback form of backstepping technique with two Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy systems in the fractional order. The resulting virtual and global control laws improve the system's robustness and tracking performance. Moreover, this allows getting rid of the requirements of the generator parameters knowledge, which is an initial condition to the conventional backstepping controller. This control system, with a fractional Lyapunov function, assures the global system stability, aims to attenuate the effect of external disturbances and the model uncertainties on the power transferred to the grid. The comparison of the simulation results between the proposed control technique and its integer‐order counterpart confirms the efficiency of the fractional suggested approach.
Measurements of particle backscatter, extinction, and lidar ratio at 1064 nm with the rotational raman method in Polly-XT
Authors: Engelmann Ronny , Haarig Moritz , Baars Holger , Ansmann Albert , Kottas Michael , Marinou Eleni
Published: April 2018

We replaced a 1064-nm interference filter of a Polly-XT lidar system by a 1058-nm filter to observe pure rotational Raman backscattering from atmospheric Nitrogen and Oxygen. Polly-XT is compact Raman lidar with a Nd:YAG laser (20 Hz, 200 mJ at 1064 nm) and a 30-cm telescope mirror which applies photomultipliers in photoncounting mode.

We present the first measured signals at 1058 nm and the derived extinction profile from measurements aboard RV Polarstern and in Leipzig. In combination with another Polly-XT system we could also derive particle backscatter and lidar ratio profiles at 1064 nm.
High spectral resolution lidar using spherical Fabry-Perot to measure aerosol and atmospheric molecular density
Authors: Yann Caraty , Alain Hauchecorne , Philippe Keckhut , Jean-François Mariscal , Eric Dalmeida
Published: April 2018

In theory, the HSRL method should expand the validity range of the atmospheric molecular density and temperature profiles of the Rayleigh LIDAR in the UTLS below 30 km, with an accuracy of 1 K, while suppressing the particle contribution. We tested a Spherical Fabry-Perot which achieves these performances while keeping a big flexibility in optical alignment. However, this device has some limitations (thermal drift and a possible partial depolarisation of the backscattered signal).
Water-vapour measurements up to the lower stratosphere — the high power raman lidar at the schneefernerhaus
Authors: Klanner Lisa , Trickl Thomas , Vogelmann Hannes
Published: April 2018

A high-power Raman lidar system has been developed at the high-altitude research station Schneefernerhaus (Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany) at 2675 m, at the side of an existing differential-absorption lidar. It is based on a 180-W single-line XeCl laser and on two Newtonian telescopes (up to 1.5-m-diameter). In this way a vertical range up to more than 20 km and an accuracy level of the order of 10 % can be achieved for a measurement time of 1 h. Temperature measurements have been demonstrated to altitudes up to 54 km with just 1 % of the full 308-nm backscatter signal. Significantly higher altitudes are expected when using a chopper that cuts off the first 10 km or for 353 nm.
Depolarization channel for barcelona lidar. Implementation and preliminary measurements.
Authors: Rodríguez-Gómez Alejandro , Sicard Michaël , Muñoz-Porcar Constantino , Barragán Rubén , Comerón Adolfo , Rocadenbosch Francesc , Vidal Eric
Published: April 2018

A new depolarization channel has been implemented in the BarcelonaTech University (UPC) multi-wavelength lidar system. The optical and mechanical designs are presented. The special configuration of the total power channel is also detailed, with the relevant aspects in measurement inversion. Some preliminary measurements are presented for Saharan dust intrusion events.
Validation of double-pulse 1572 nm integrated path differential absorption lidar measurement of carbon dioxide
Authors: Du Juan , Liu Jiqiao , Bi Decang , Ma Xiuhua , Hou Xia , Zhu Xiaolei , Chen Weibiao
Published: April 2018

A ground-based double-pulse 1572 nm integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) lidar was developed for carbon dioxide (CO2) column concentrations measurement. The lidar measured the CO2 concentrations continuously by receiving the scattered echo signal from a building about 1300 m away. The other two instruments of TDLAS and in-situ CO2 analyzer measured the CO2 concentrations on the same time. A CO2 concentration measurement of 430 ppm with 1.637 ppm standard error was achieved.
Scientific motivation for ADM/Aeolus mission
Authors: Källén Erland
Published: April 2018

The ADM/Aeolus wind lidar mission will provide a global coverage of atmospheric wind profiles. Atmospheric wind observations are required for initiating weather forecast models and for predicting and monitoring long term climate change. Improved knowledge of the global wind field is widely recognised as fundamental to advancing the understanding and prediction of weather and climate. In particular over tropical areas there is a need for better wind data leading to improved medium range (3-10 days) weather forecasts over the whole globe.
Averaging Bias Correction for Future IPDA Lidar Mission MERLIN
Authors: Tellier Yoann , Pierangelo Clémence , Wirth Martin , Gibert Fabien
Published: April 2018

The CNES/DLRMERLINsatellite mission aims at measuring methane dry-air mixing ratio column (XCH4) and thus improving surface flux estimates. In order to get a 1% precision on XCH4measurements, MERLIN signal processing assumes an averaging of data over 50 km. The induced biases due to the non-linear IPDA lidar equation are not compliant with accuracy requirements. This paper analyzes averaging biases issues and suggests correction algorithms tested on realistic simulated scenes.
Retrieval of atmospheric backscatter and extinction profiles with the aladin airborne demonstrator (A2D)
Authors: Geiss Alexander , Marksteiner Uwe , Lux Oliver , Lemmerz Christian , Reitebuch Oliver , Kanitz Thomas , Straume-Lindner Anne Grete
Published: April 2018

By the end of 2017, the European Space Agency (ESA) will launch the Atmospheric laser Doppler instrument (ALADIN), a direct detection Doppler wind lidar operating at 355 nm. An important tool for the validation and optimization of ALADIN’s hardware and data processors for wind retrievals with real atmospheric signals is the ALADIN airborne demonstrator A2D. In order to be able to validate and test aerosol retrieval algorithms from ALADIN, an algorithm for the retrieval of atmospheric backscatter and extinction profiles from A2D is necessary.

The A2D is utilizing a direct detection scheme by using a dual Fabry-Pérot interferometer to measure molecular Rayleigh signals and a Fizeau interferometer to measure aerosol Mie returns. Signals are captured by accumulation charge coupled devices (ACCD). These specifications make different steps in the signal preprocessing necessary.

In this paper, the required steps to retrieve aerosol optical products, i. e. particle backscatter coefficient βp, particle extinction coefficient αp and lidar ratio Sp from A2D raw signals are described.
Exploring fine-scale variability of stratospheric wind above the tropical la reunion island using rayleigh-mie doppler lidar
Authors: Khaykin S. M. , Hauchecorne A. , Cammas J.-P. , Marqestaut N. , Mariscal J.-F. , Posny F. , Payen G. , Porteneuve J. , Keckhut P.
Published: April 2018

A unique Rayleigh-Mie Doppler lidar capable of wind measurements in the 5-50 km altitude range is operated routinely at La Reunion island (21° S, 55° E) since 2015. We evaluate instrument’s capacities in capturing fine structures in stratospheric wind profiles and their temporal and spatial variability through comparison with collocated radiosoundings and ECMWF analysis. Perturbations in the wind velocity are used to retrieve gravity wave frequency spectrum.
Raman lidars for a better understanding of pollution in the Arctic System (PARCS)
Authors: Patrick Chazette , Jean-Christophe Raut , Julien Totems , Xiaoxia Shang , Christophe Caudoux , Julien Delanoë , Kathy Law
Published: April 2018

The development of oil and gas drilling and the opening of new shipping routes, in the Barents and Norway seas, poses new challenges for the Arctic environment due to the impact of air pollution emissions on climate and air quality. To improve our knowledge of the interactions between aerosols, water vapor and cloud cover, within the French PARCS (Pollution in the ARCtic System) project, Raman lidar observations were performed from the ground and from an ultra-light aircraft near the North Cape in northern Norway, and coupled with measurements from a 95 GHz ground-based Doppler radar.
Validation of new satellite aerosol optical depth retrieval algorithm using Raman lidar observations at radiative transfer laboratory in Warsaw
Authors: Zawadzka Olga , Stachlewska Iwona S. , Markowicz Krzysztof M. , Nemuc Anca , Stebel Kerstin
Published: April 2018

During an exceptionally warm September of 2016, the unique, stable weather conditions over Poland allowed for an extensive testing of the new algorithm developed to improve the Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrieval. The development was conducted in the frame of the ESA-ESRIN SAMIRA project. The new AOD algorithm aims at providing the aerosol optical depth maps over the territory of Poland with a high temporal resolution of 15 minutes. It was tested on the data set obtained between 11-16 September 2016, during which a day of relatively clean atmospheric background related to an Arctic airmass inflow was surrounded by a few days with well increased aerosol load of different origin. On the clean reference day, for estimating surface reflectance the AOD forecast available on-line via the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) was used. The obtained AOD maps were validated against AODs available within the Poland-AOD and AERONET networks, and with AOD values obtained from the PollyXT-UW lidar. of the University of Warsaw (UW).
Biomass burning aerosol over Romania using dispersion model and Calipso data
Authors: Nicolae Victor , Dandocsi Alexandru , Marmureanu Luminita , Talianu Camelia
Published: April 2018

The purpose of the study is to analyze the seasonal variability, for the hot and cold seasons, of biomass burning aerosol observed over Romania using forward dispersion calculations based on FLEXPART model. The model was set up to use as input the MODIS fire data with a degree of confidence over 25% after transforming the emitted power in emission rate. The modelled aerosols in this setup was black carbon coated by organics. Distribution in the upper layers were compared to Calipso retrieval.
Scanning elastic lidar observations of aerosol transport in New York City
Authors: Diaz Adrian , Dominguez Victor , Dobryansky Selma , Wu Yonghua , Arend Mark , Vladutescu Daniela Viviana , Gross Barry , Moshary Fred
Published: April 2018

In this study, spatial distribution of aerosols in New York City is observed using a scanning eyesafe 532 nm elastic-backscatter micro-pulse lidar system. Observations show dynamics of the boundary layer and inhomogeneous distribution and transport of aerosols. The data acquired are complemented with simultaneous measurements of particulate matter and wind speed and direction. Furthermore, the system observations are validated by comparing them with a colocated multi-wavelength lidar.
Strengths and limitations of the NATALI code for aerosol typing from multiwavelength Raman lidar observations
Authors: Nicolae Doina , Talianu Camelia , Vasilescu Jeni , Nicolae Victor , Stachlewska Iwona S.
Published: April 2018

A Python code was developed to automatically retrieve the aerosol type (and its predominant component in the mixture) from EARLINET’s 3 backscatter and 2 extinction data. The typing relies on Artificial Neural Networks which are trained to identify the most probable aerosol type from a set of mean-layer intensive optical parameters. This paper presents the use and limitations of the code with respect to the quality of the inputed lidar profiles, as well as with the assumptions made in the aerosol model.
A novel automatic calibration system for water vapor Raman LIDAR
Authors: Martucci Giovanni , Voirin Jordan , Simeonov Valentin , Renaud Ludovic , Haefele Alexander
Published: April 2018

RALMO is operated at MeteoSwiss and provides continuous measurements of water vapor since 2008. Water vapor needs calibration to be used for climatological and meteorological studies. Primarily, RALMO is calibrated against a reference radiosonde. A secondary new calibration system based on an internal LED has been installed to perform automatic relative calibrations correcting for instrumental drifts. This study characterizes the secondary calibration system and validates it against the primary.
Fluorescing aerosols and clouds: investigations of co-existence
Authors: Reichardt Jens , Leinweber Ronny , Schwebe Anne
Published: April 2018

RAMSES of the Lindenberg Meteorological Observatory, Germany, is the first multipurpose lidar to routinely measure the fluorescence spectra of atmospheric aerosols. Combined with the other measurement parameters (cloud water content and optical properties, moisture and temperature), this capability allows one to study the co-existence of clouds and fluorescing aerosols for the first time. The fluorescence receiver is briefly described, and measurement examples are presented and discussed.
Classifying stages of cirrus life-cycle evolution
Authors: Urbanek Benedikt , Groß Silke , Schäfler Andreas , Wirth Martin
Published: April 2018

Airborne lidar backscatter data is used to determine in- and out-of-cloud regions. Lidar measurements of water vapor together with model temperature fields are used to calculate relative humidity over ice (RHi). Based on temperature and RHi we identify different stages of cirrus evolution: homogeneous and heterogeneous freezing, depositional growth, ice sublimation and sedimentation. We will present our classification scheme and first applications on mid-latitude cirrus clouds.
Arctic biomass burning aerosol event–microphysical property retrieval
Authors: Böckmann Christine , Ritter Christoph , Ortiz-Amezcua Pablo
Published: April 2018

An intense biomass-burning (BB) event from North America in July 2015 was observed over Ny-Ålesund (Spitsbergen, European Arctic). An extreme air pollution took place and aerosol optical depth (AOD) of more than 1 at 500nm occurs in middle and lower troposphere. We analyse data from the multi-wavelength Raman-lidar KARL of Alfred Wegener Institute to derive microphysical properties of the aerosol of one interesting layer from 3186 to 3306 m via regularization. We found credible and confidential microphysical parameters.
Properties of arctic haze aerosol from lidar observations during iarea 2015 campaign on spitsbergen
Authors: Stachlewska Iwona S. , Ritter Christoph , Böckmann Christine , Engelmann Ronny
Published: April 2018

Arctic Haze event was observed on 5-8 April 2015 using simultaneously Near-range Aerosol Raman Lidar of IGFUW and Koldewey Aerosol Raman Lidar of AWI, both based at AWIPEV German-French station in Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen. The alterations in particle abundance and altitude of the aerosol load observed on following days of the event is analyzed. The daytime profiles of particle optical properties were obtained for both lidars, and then served as input for microphysical parameters inversion. The results indicate aerosol composition typical for the Arctic Haze. However, in some layers, a likely abundance of aqueous aerosol or black carbon originating in biomass burning over Siberia, changes measurably the Arctic Haze properties.
Investigating potential wet bias in the Purple Crow Lidar water vapor measurements
Authors: VanKerkhove Jeffrey , Sica R. J. , Wing R. , Argall P. S.
Published: April 2018

The Purple Crow Lidar is a large aperture lidar, capable of retrieving water vapor into the strato-sphere. A comparison with the ALVICE lidar in 2012 showed water vapor measurements were consistently larger than those of ALVICE in the lower stratosphere, prompting an investigation of the system. Processing approaches and additional instrumental corrections are considered.
First results of cirrus clouds properties by means of a pollyxt raman lidar at two measurement sites
Authors: Voudouri Kalliopi – Artemis , Giannakaki Elina , Komppula Mika , Balis Dimitris
Published: April 2018

Geometrical and optical characteristics of cirrus clouds using Raman lidar PollyXT measurements at different locations are presented. The PollyXT has been participated in two long-term experimental campaigns, one close to New Delhi in India and one at Elandsfontein in South Africa, providing continuous measurements and covering a wide range of cloud types. First results of cirrus cloud properties at different latitudes, as well as their temporal distributions are presented in this study. An automatic cirrus clouds detection algorithm is applied based on the wavelet covariance transform. The measurements at New Delhi performed from March 2008 to February 2009, while at Elandsfontein measurements were performed from December 2009 to January 2011.
Analysis of different cloud signatures using multiwavelength raman lidar retrievals
Authors: Andrei Simona , Ţoancă Flori , Nemuc Anca , Dandocsi Alex , Belegante Livio , Nicolae Doina
Published: April 2018

The present study is focused on microphysics analysis of different cloud types observed by a multi-wavelength Raman lidar. Particle’s content from a wide variety of cloud types, produced in various atmospheric environments, were investigated using data provided by lidar and validated using ECMWF’s ERA Interim reanalysis. The results emphasized the capability of lidar instruments to detect multiple cloud layers, and to discriminate between ice particles and water droplets found within the studied clouds.
Aerosols Observations with a new lidar station in Punta Arenas, Chile
Authors: Barja Boris , Zamorano Felix , Ristori Pablo , Otero Lidia , Quel Eduardo , Sugimoto Nobuo , Shimizu Atsushi , Santana Jorge
Published: April 2018

A tropospheric lidar system was installed in Punta Arenas, Chile (53.13°S, 70.88°W) in September 2016 under the collaboration project SAVERNET (Chile, Japan and Argentina) to monitor the atmosphere. Statistical analyses of the clouds and aerosols behavior and some cases of dust detected with lidar, at these high southern latitude and cold environment regions during three months (austral spring) are discussed using information from satellite, modelling and solar radiation ground measurements.
Statistics of optical and geometrical properties of cirrus cloud over tibetan plateau measured by lidar and radiosonde
Authors: Dai Guangyao , Wu Songhua , Song Xiaoquan , Zhai Xiaochun
Published: April 2018

Cirrus clouds affect the energy budget and hydrological cycle of the earth’s atmosphere. The Tibetan Plateau (TP) plays a significant role in the global and regional climate. Optical and geometrical properties of cirrus clouds in the TP were measured in July-August 2014 by lidar and radiosonde. The statistics and temperature dependences of the corresponding properties are analyzed. The cirrus cloud formations are discussed with respect to temperature deviation and dynamic processes.
Water vapor and aerosol lidar measurements within an atmospheric instrumental super site to study the aerosols and the tropospheric trace gases in rome
Authors: Dionisi D. , Iannarelli A.M. , Scoccione A. , Liberti G.L. , Cacciani M. , Argentini S. , Baldini L. , Barnaba F. , Campanelli M. , Casasanta G. , Diémoz H. , Di Liberto L. , Gobbi G.P. , Petenko I. , Siani A.M. , Von Bismarck J. , Casadio S.
Published: April 2018

A joint instrumental Super Site, combining observation in urban (“Sapienza” University) and semi-rural (ESA-ESRIN and CNR-ISAC) environment, for atmospheric studies and satellites Cal/Val activities, has been set-up in the Rome area (Italy). Ground based active and passive remote sensing instruments located in both sites are operating in synergy, offering information for a wide range of atmospheric parameters. In this work, a comparison of aerosol and water vapor measurements derived by the Rayleigh-Mie-Raman (RMR) lidars, operating simultaneously in both experimental sites, is presented.
Identification of long-range transport of aerosols over Austria using EARLINET lidar measurements
Authors: Camelia Talianu
Published: April 2018

The aims of the study is to identify the paths of the long-range transported aerosols over Austria and their potential origin, and to estimate their properties, using lidar measurements from EARLINET stations closest to Austria from Germany and Romania and aerosol transport models. As of now, there is no lidar station in Austria. The study is part of a project to estimate the usefulness of a lidar station located in Vienna, Austria.
Dust mass concentrations from the UK volcanic ash lidar network compared with in-situ aircraft measurements
Authors: Osborne Martin , Marenco Franco , Adam Mariana , Buxmann Joelle , Haywood Jim
Published: April 2018

The Met Office has recently established a series of 10 lidar / sun-photometer installations across the UK, consolidating their ash / aerosol remote sensing capabilities [1]. In addition to this network, the Met Office have acquired the Civil Contingency Aircraft (MOCCA) which allows airborne in-situ measurements of ash / aerosol scattering and size-distributions. Two case studies are presented in which mass concentrations of Saharan dust are obtained remotely using lidar returns, and are then compared with those obtained in-situ. A thorough analysis of the mass concentration uncertainty will be provided at the conference.
Application of Lidar and other profiling techniques to study the impact that Severe weather hazards have on the New York City built environment
Authors: Arend Mark , Campmier Mark , Fernandez Aris , Moshary Fred
Published: April 2018

The complexity of urban boundary layer dynamics poses challenges to those responsible for the design and regulation of buildings and structures in the urban environment. Lidar systems in the New York City Metropolitan region have been used extensively to study urban boundary layer dynamics. These systems, in conjunction with other sensing platforms can provide an observatory to perform research and analysis of turbulent and inclement weather patterns of interest to developers and agencies.
Wind speed vector restoration algorithm
Authors: Baranov Nikolay , Petrov Gleb , Shiriaev Ilia
Published: April 2018

Impulse wind lidar (IWL) signal processing software developed by JSC «BANS» recovers full wind speed vector by radial projections and provides wind parameters information up to 2 km distance. Increasing accuracy and speed of wind parameters calculation signal processing technics have been studied in this research. Measurements results of IWL and continuous scanning lidar were compared. Also, IWL data processing modeling results have been analyzed.
Airport low-level wind shear lidar observation at beijing capital international airport
Authors: Zhang Hongwei , Wu Songhua , Wang Qichao , Liu Bingyi , Zhai Xiaochun
Published: April 2018

Ocean University of China lidar team operated a pulse coherent Doppler lidar (PCDL) for the low level wind shear monitoring at the Beijing Capital International Airport (BCIA) in 2015. The experiment configuration, observation modes is presented. A case study shows that the low level wind shear events at the southern end of 18R/36L runway were mainly caused by the trees and buildings along the glide path under strong northwest wind conditions.
Mobile lidar system for environmental monitoring
Authors: Zhao Guangyu , Lian Ming , Li Yiyun , Duan Zheng , Zhu Shiming , Svanberg Sune
Published: April 2018

A versatile mobile remote sensing system for multidisciplinary environmental monitoring tasks on the Chinese scene is described. The system includes a 20 Hz Nd:YAG laser-pumped dye laser, optical transmitting/receiving systems with a 30 cm and a 40 cm Newtonian telescope, and electronics, all integrated in a laboratory, installed on a Jiefang truck. Results from field experiments on atomic mercury DIAL mapping and remote laser-induced fluorescence and break-down spectroscopy are given.
Synergy of lidar and passive remote sensor data for retrieving profiles of microphysical properties of non-spherical particles
Authors: Kolgotin Alexei , Müller Detlef , Chemyakin Eduard , Romanov Anton
Published: April 2018

In this study we explore how the combination of 3 backscatter and 2 extinction lidar data with data that can be collected with ground-based and space-borne passive remote sensors, e.g. phase function coefficients which can be derived at various measurement wavelengths and scattering angles can result in improved profiles of particle microphysical properties. The algorithm is based on a light-scattering model that uses a mixture of spheres and randomly oriented spheroids.
A mobile system combining lidar and sunphotometer on-road measurements: description and first results
Authors: Popovici Ioana , Goloub Philippe , Podvin Thierry , Blarel Luc , Loisil Rodrigue , Mortier Augustin , Deroo Christine , Ducos Fabrice , Victori Stéphane , Torres Benjamin
Published: April 2018

The mobile system described in this paper integrates a commercial eye-safe lidar (CIMEL), a sunphotometer and in situ instruments. The system is distinguished by other transportable platforms through its capabilities to perform onroad measurements. The potential of a commercial lidar to provide reliable information on aerosol properties is investigated through comparison with a multi-wavelength Raman lidar. First results from observation campaigns in northern France are presented.
Saver.net lidar network in southern South America
Authors: Ristori Pablo , Otero Lidia , Jin Yoshitaka , Barja Boris , Shimizu Atsushi , Barbero Albane , Salvador Jacobo , Bali Juan Lucas , Herrera Milagros , Etala Paula , Acquesta Alejandro , Quel Eduardo , Sugimoto Nobuo , Mizuno Akira
Published: April 2018

The South American Environmental Risk Management Network (SAVER-Net) is an instrumentation network, mainly composed by lidars, to provide real-time information for atmospheric hazards and risk management purposes in South America. This lidar network have been developed since 2012 and all its sampling points are expected to be fully implemented by 2017. This paper describes the network’s status and configuration, the data acquisition and processing scheme (protocols and data levels), as well as some aspects of the scientific networking in Latin American Lidar Network (LALINET). Similarly, the paper lays out future plans on the operation and integration to major international collaborative efforts.
Evaluierung der mundgesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität bei seltenen Erkrankungen mit oraler Beteiligung
Authors: Hanisch Marcel , Jung Susanne , Kleinheinz Johannes
Published: April 2018

Ziel der Studie Um die medizinische Versorgung von Menschen mit Seltenen Erkrankungen (SE) zu verbessern wurde 2013 durch das Bundesministerium für Gesundheit ein „Nationaler Aktionsplan für Menschen mit Seltenen Erkrankungen“ (NAMSE) ins Leben gerufen. Ziel des NAMSE ist dabei, eine medizinisch adäquate Versorgung für die Betroffenen aufzubauen sowie Informationen über die aktuelle Versorgungssituation von SE zu gewinnen. Vor diesem Hintergrund sollen Informationen zur die mundgesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität (OHRQoL) bei Menschen mit SE und oraler Beteiligung gewonnen werden.

Methodik Unter dem Hintergrund des NAMSE wurde eine Spezialsprechstunde für SE mit oraler Beteiligung eingerichtet. Mittels dem standardisiertem OHIP-14 Fragebogen wurden Informationen zur OHRQoL sowie allgemeine Informationen zur Erkrankung gewonnen.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 50 Patienten in der Sprechstunde behandelt. Diese nahmen durchschnittlich eine einfache Anfahrtsstrecke von 143 km auf sich. Im Mittel mussten die Betroffenen 5 Jahre auf die finale Diagnose ihrer SE warten. Die Betroffenen weisen einen durchschnittlichen OHIP-14 Gesamt-Score von 26,4 auf.

Schlußfolgerung Der lange Anfahrtsweg zeigt, welchen Aufwand Patienten insbesondere bei mehrfachen Vorstellungen auf sich nehmen müssen. Hieraus entsteht die Forderung, künftig flächendeckend Spezialsprechstunden für SE mit oraler Beteiligung aufzubauen, wie dies auch im NAMSE gefordert wird. Der Vergleich mit den wenigen vorhandenen Daten lässt auf eine deutlich schlechtere OHRQoL in unserem Patientenkollektiv schließen. Seltene Erkrankungen mit oraler Beteiligung scheinen insgesamt von einer früheren Diagnose der Erkrankung zu profitieren, als SE ohne orale Beteiligung.
Psychosoziale Beratung in einem gemeindepsychiatrischen Zentrum – eine qualitative Studie über die Erfahrungen der Nutzer
Authors: Schwarz Julian , Berghöfer Anne , Brückner Burkhart , Birker Thomas , Stöckigt Barbara
Published: April 2018

Ziel Analyse der Erfahrungen von Nutzern einer innovativen, rechtskreisübergreifenden psychosozialen Beratungsstelle.

Methode Neun Einzelinterviews wurden qualitativ-inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse Das Angebot stärkte psychosoziale Ressourcen und die Autonomie der Nutzer. Positiv wurde die aufsuchende Beratung bewertet, kritisiert wurde die begrenzte Sichtbarkeit des Angebots.

Schlussfolgerungen Eine rechtskreisübergreifende Beratungsstelle kann Hilfesuchende in Krisen auffangen und passgenau gemeindepsychiatrische oder psychosoziale Angebote vermitteln.
Identification of 1,5,7-Triazabicyclododecene and Polystyrene-Supported Superbases as Efficient Hydroxylaminolysis Agents of Sterically Hindered and Epimerizable Esters
Authors: Tomas Loic , Harris Craig , Pierre Romain , Gaigne Frédéric , El-Bazbouz Ghizlane , Mouis Grégoire , Ouvry Gilles
Published: April 2018

In modern pharmaceutical research, the need for reliable protocols for the preparation of chemical libraries in a controlled manner is quintessential to driving the Design-Make-Test cycle in drug discovery programs. In this letter, we communicate the identification of 1,5,7-triazabicyclododecene and polystyrene-supported superbases as efficient hydroxylaminolysis agents of sterically hindered and epimerizable esters and, to some extent, amides, using iChem Explorer® as the conditions scouting tool.
Introduction of 4-Chlorophenyl: A Protecting Group for the
Hydroxy Function
Authors: Fukase Koichi , Otsuka Yuji , Yamamoto Toshihiro
Published: April 2018

4-Chlorophenyl ether was utilized as a new protecting group for the hydroxy function. This group was readily introduced to a sugar hydroxy group by using diaryliodonium triflate. Regioselective introduction of this protecting group at the vicinal cis-diol was achieved by using a copper catalyst and diaryliodonium triflate. This protecting group is stable under the Lewis acidic conditions of glycosylation, but it can be readily removed by the initial conversion into the corresponding 4-methoxyphenyl ether with use of a Pd catalyst, followed by oxidation with ammonium cerium (IV) nitrate [(NH4)2Ce(NO3)6] (CAN).
Wrist Arthroscopy in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Review of Current Literature and Future Implications
Authors: Vermaak P. , Southwood T. , Lindau T. , Jester A. , Oestreich K.
Published: April 2018

Introduction Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatological condition in children and frequently affects the wrist. The roles for wrist arthroscopy and arthroscopic synovectomy (AS) in JIA are unclear. Our aim was to find the current evidence supporting its use.

Methods Systematic literature review of relevant publications from 1990 to present in the Cochrane Library, Clinical Knowledge Summaries, DynaMed, PEMSoft, NICE Guidance, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed.

Results We found no publications detailing the use of arthroscopy or AS specifically in patients with JIA involving the wrist. There is evidence that AS reduces pain, improves function, and induces remission in patients with rheumatoid arthritis resistant to medical management.

Discussion and Conclusion Although there is paucity in evidence for the use of AS in the wrists of patients with JIA, studies suggest it to be safe and effective, and could be applied to patients with refractive JIA. It is possible that early identification of patients suffering from JIA with extensive joint destruction and little symptoms could benefit from AS, delaying joint destruction and preserving function.
The Impact of Hypoxemia on the Development of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Infants Less Than 29 Weeks of Gestation
Authors: Afshar Narges , Baier Ronald , Tagin Mohamed , Cabo Cecilia , Minski John , Elsayed Yasser
Published: April 2018

Objective To study the impact of cumulative exposure to hypoxemia on the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants less than 29 weeks' gestation.

Study Design This is a retrospective analysis of the effect of cumulative exposure to hypoxemia during the first 10 weeks of life in preterm infants <29 weeks' gestation. Cumulative time spent at various levels of oxygen saturation was calculated by converting the daily percentage of time to minutes per day. Cumulative exposure to hypoxemia (cT<80 or oxygen saturation <80%) was calculated weekly and compared between outcomes. The primary outcome was the development of ROP requiring treatment.

Results Cumulative hypoxemia exposure was significantly associated with ROP requiring treatment. When adjusted for other neonatal morbidities, only gestation was consistently associated with ROP requiring treatment.

Conclusion Cumulative exposure to hypoxemia in the first few weeks was not associated with ROP or treatment of ROP after adjustment for confounders.
A hollow coaxial cable Fabry–Pérot resonator for liquid dielectric constant measurement
Authors: Zhu Chen , Zhuang Yiyang , Chen Yizheng , Huang Jie
Published: April 2018

We report, for the first time, a low-cost and robust homemade hollow coaxial cable Fabry–Pérot resonator (HCC-FPR) for measuring liquid dielectric constant. In the HCC design, the traditional dielectric insulating layer is replaced by air. A metal disk is welded onto the end of the HCC serving as a highly reflective reflector, and an open cavity is engineered on the HCC. After the open cavity is filled with the liquid analyte (e.g., water), the air-liquid interface acts as a highly reflective reflector due to large impedance mismatch. As a result, an HCC-FPR is formed by the two highly reflective reflectors, i.e., the air-liquid interface and the metal disk. We measured the room temperature dielectric constant for ethanol/water mixtures with different concentrations using this homemade HCC-FPR. Monitoring the evaporation of ethanol in ethanol/water mixtures was also conducted to demonstrate the ability of the sensor for continuously monitoring the change in dielectric constant. The results revealed that the HCC-FPR could be a promising evaporation rate detection platform with high performance. Due to its great advantages, such as high robustness, simple configuration, and ease of fabrication, the novel HCC-FPR based liquid dielectric constant sensor is believed to be of high interest in various fields.
Reaction kinetics in open reactors and serial transfers between closed reactors
Authors: Blokhuis Alex , Lacoste David , Gaspard Pierre
Published: April 2018

Kinetic theory and thermodynamics of reaction networks are extended to the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of continuous-flow stirred tank reactors (CSTR) and serial transfers. On the basis of their stoichiometry matrix, the conservation laws and the cycles of the network are determined for both dynamics. It is shown that the CSTR and serial transfer dynamics are equivalent in the limit where the time interval between the transfers tends to zero proportionally to the ratio of the fractions of fresh to transferred solutions. These results are illustrated with a finite cross-catalytic reaction network and an infinite reaction network describing mass exchange between polymers. Serial transfer dynamics is typically used in molecular evolution experiments in the context of research on the origins of life. The present study is shedding a new light on the role played by serial transfer parameters in these experiments.
In-line digital holography with phase-shifting Greek-ladder sieves
Authors: Xie Jing , Zhang Junyong , Zhang Yanli , Zhou Shenlei , Zhu Jianqiang
Published: April 2018

Phase shifting is the key technique in in-line digital holography, but traditional phase shifters have their own limitations in short wavelength regions. Here, phase-shifting Greek-ladder sieves with amplitude-only modulation are introduced into in-line digital holography, which are essentially a kind of diffraction lens with three-dimensional array diffraction-limited foci. In the in-line digital holographic experiment, we design two kinds of sieves by lithography and verify the validity of their phase-shifting function by measuring a 1951 U.S. Air Force resolution test target and three-dimensional array foci. With advantages of high resolving power, low cost, and no limitations at shorter wavelengths, phase-shifting Greek-ladder sieves have great potential in X-ray holography or biochemical microscopy for the next generation of synchrotron light sources.
Vapor phase nucleation of the short-chain n-alkanes (n-pentane, n-hexane and n-heptane): Experiments and Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Ogunronbi Kehinde E. , Sepehri Aliasghar , Chen Bin , Wyslouzil Barbara E.
Published: April 2018

We measured the nucleation rates of n-pentane through n-heptane in a supersonic nozzle at temperatures ranging from ca. 109 K to 168 K. For n-pentane and n-hexane, these are the first nucleation rate measurements that have been made, and the trends in the current data agree well with those in the earlier work of Ghosh et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 132, 024307 (2010)] for longer chain alkanes. Complementary Monte Carlo simulations, using the transferable potentials for phase equilibria-united atom potentials, suggest that despite the high degree of supercooling, the critical clusters remain liquid like under experimental conditions for n-pentane through n-heptane, but adopt more ordered structures for n-octane and n-nonane. For all three alkanes, the experimental and simulated nucleation rates are offset by ∼3 orders of magnitude when plotted as a function of ln S/(Tc/T − 1)1.5. Explicitly accounting for the surface tension difference between the real and model substances, or alternatively using the Hale [Phys. Rev. A 33, 4156 (1986); Metall. Mater. Trans. A 23, 1863 (1992)] scaling parameter, Ω, consistent with the model potential, increases the offset to ∼6 orders of magnitude.
Communication: A coil-stretch transition in planar elongational flow of an entangled polymeric melt
Authors: Nafar Sefiddashti Mohammad H. , Edwards Brian J. , Khomami Bamin
Published: April 2018

Virtual experimentation of atomistic entangled polyethylene melts undergoing planar elongational flow revealed an amazingly detailed depiction of individual macromolecular dynamics and the resulting effect on bistable configurational states. A clear coil-stretch transition was evident, in much the same form as first envisioned by de Gennes for dilute solutions of high polymers, resulting in an associated hysteresis in the configurational flow profile over the range of strain rates predicted by theory. Simulations conducted at steady state revealed bimodal distribution functions, in which equilibrium configurational states were simultaneously populated by relatively coiled and stretched molecules which could transition from one conformational mode to the other over a relatively long time scale at critical values of strain rates. The implication of such behavior points to a double-well conformational free energy potential with an activation barrier between the two configurational minima.