bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Generalised Image Fusion Toolkit (GIFT)
Authors: Mueller Dan
Published: January 2022

Image fusion provides a mechanism to combine multiple images into a single representation to aid human visual perception and image processing tasks. Such algorithms endeavour to create a fused image containing the salient information from each source image, without introducing artefacts or inconsistencies. Image fusion is applicable for numerous fields including: defence systems, remote sensing and geoscience, robotics and industrial engineering, and medical imaging. In the medical imaging domain, image fusion may aid diagnosis and surgical planning tasks requiring the segmentation, feature extraction, and/or visualisation of multi-modal datasets.

This paper discusses the implementation of an image fusion toolkit built upon the Insight Toolkit (ITK). Based on an existing architecture, the proposed framework (GIFT) offers a ‘plug-and-play’ environment for the construction of n-D multi-scale image fusion methods. We give a brief overview of the toolkit design and demonstrate how to construct image fusion algorithms from low-level components (such as multi-scale methods and feature generators). A number of worked examples for medical applications are presented in Appendix A, including quadrature mirror filter discrete wavelet transform (QMF DWT) image fusion.
Principles and Practices of Scientific Originology
Authors: Ibanez Luis
Published: January 2022

This presentation is a satire of the current obsession with intellectual property, innovation and originality that plagues the field of medical image analysis.

The presentation makes the point that most Journals and Conferences focus on Originality and despise Reproducibility and Verification, demonstrating great disrespect for the essential elements of the scientific method. The practice of "peer-review" is offered in most cases as an insufficient substitute for the actual verification of reproducibility.

In a nutshell, this presentation intends to brings awareness to the fact that authors of papers are treated by Publishers as if they were writers of Novels instead as reporters of scientific findings. In that confusion, authors are required to be "original" (as if they were writing Novels or Plays) instead of being required to report "reproducible" findings. Such practice obliterates critical thinking and erodes the basic principles of the scientific community.
Confidence connected segmentation
Authors: Narayanaswamy Arunachalam
Published: January 2022

This document describes a tiny application developed using the Insight Toolkit, ITK www.itk.org. The goal of the document is to facilitate ease of use of the application by following the guidelines given in the document. The application does not claim to achieve anything more than the segmentation of the data given with this submission. This paper is accompanied with the source code, input data, parameters and output data that the authors used for validating the algorithm described in this paper. This adheres to the fundamental principle that scientific publications must facilitate reproducibility of the reported results.
Implementing the Automatic Generation of 3D Statistical Shape Models with ITK
Authors: Heimann Tobias , Oguz Ipek , Wolf Ivo , Styner Martin , Meinzer Hans-Peter
Published: January 2022

Statistical Shape Models are a popular method for segmenting three-dimensional medical images. To obtain the required landmark correspondences, various automatic approaches have been proposed. In this work, we present an improved version of minimizing the description length (MDL) of the model. To initialize the algorithm, we describe a method to distribute landmarks on the training shapes using a conformal parameterization function. Then, we introduce a novel procedure to modify landmark positions locally without disturbing established correspondences. We employ a gradient descent optimization to minimize the MDL cost function, speeding up automatic model building by several orders of magnitude when compared to the original MDL approach. The necessary gradient information is estimated from a singular value decomposition, a more accurate technique to calculate the PCA than the commonly used eigendecomposition of the covariance matrix. In this work, we first present a basic version where spatial locations are used in the MDL cost function; next, we introduce an extended version where any combination of features can be used as a metric. As an example application, we present results based on local curvature measurements. Finally, we present results for synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrating the efficiency of our procedures and give details about the implementation using the Insight Toolkit (ITK).
Label object representation and manipulation with ITK
Authors: Lehmann Gaetan
Published: January 2022

Richard Beare has recently introduced a new filter to efficiently labelize the connected components with ITK, and has also proposed to use the run-length encoding used in that filter to implement some of the most useful binary mathematical morphology operators: the opening by attribute. Following that idea, and after have searched a way to use the ITK’s spatial objects for this task, a new set of classes have been developed to represent and manipulate the label images and the objects within them in ITK. Those new classes have been used to implement several label images manipulation based on object attributes, as well as the binary and label specialization of some mathematical morphology filters based on the morphological reconstruction. This contribution comes with 65 new classes, and should greatly enhance the binary mathematical morphology in ITK.

All the source codes are provided, as well as a full set of tests and several usage examples of the new classes.
Phase Correlation Method for ITK
Authors: Bican Jakub
Published: January 2022

Phase Correlation Method (PCM or SPOMF - Symmetric Phase-Only Matched Filter) is a well known image registration method, that exploits Fourier Shift Theorem property of Fourier Transform. Even though it is limited to estimate only shifts between two images, it is very useful as it is robust to frequency-dependent noise and initial image overlap area. Furthermore, it evaluates very fast by way of two forward FFTs, one complex image division and one inverse FFT.
Unwarping Echo Planar Images Using CMTK
Authors: Rohlfing Torsten
Published: January 2022

This document describes the workflow for unwarping echo planar MR images (EPI), in particular diffusion-weighted images, using an acquisition method with reversed phase encoding and the tools of the Computational Morphometry Toolkit (CMTK). This technique requires an additional acquisition (additional b=0 image for diffusion imaging) with reversed phase encoding direction, but no field map. Simple 6-direction diffusion data are provided with this article for demonstration.
Data, data everywhere, nor an image to read - Finding open image databases.
Authors: Holmes David , Robb Richard A
Published: January 2022

Open Science includes access to both open source software/methodologies and open data. While there has been progress in open image databases, the results of these efforts are under-reported. As such, imaging scientists are unaware of the available data. In addition, many researchers are interested in providing their data to the greater research community, but may be unaware of the process to release the data. The purpose of this paper is to describe our efforts in developing an open website which includes information on accessible medical image databases as well as some of the logistics for providing an open image database. Most importantly, the authors are requesting participation from the community to contribute to the Medical Image Database Repository (http://midr.org) in order to consolidate the collect knowledge of the community.
RGB Image Color Space Transformations
Authors: Tamburo Robert
Published: January 2022

This paper describes a set of pixel accessors that transform RGB pixel values to a different color space. Accessors for the HSI, XYZ, Yuv, YUV, HSV, Lab, Luv, HSL, CMY, and CMYK color spaces are provided here. This paper is accompanied with source code for the pixel accessors and test, test images and parameters, and expected output images.

Note: Set() methods are incorrect. Will provide revision by 12.17.2010.
Interactive Correspondence Selection
Authors: Doria David
Published: January 2022

This document presents a GUI application to manually select corresponding points in two data sets. The data sets can each be either an image or a point cloud. If both data sets are images, the functionality is equivalent to Matlab’s ‘cpselect’ function. There are many uses of selecting correspondences. If both data sets are images, the correspondences can be used to compute the fundamental matrix, or to perform registration. If both data sets are point clouds, the correspondences can be used to compute a landmark transformation. If one data set is an image and the other is a point cloud, the camera matrix relating the two can be computed.
A programming environment for the development of modular 3D biomedical image processing applications
Authors: Montagner Julien , Villeger Alice , Flouvat Frederic , Boire Jean-Yves
Published: January 2022

ImageLib is a free object-oriented development environment destined to biomedical image processing. The software package contains a programming library (C++ language) and an MDI user interface (kernel). The major interest is to allow the creation of fully modular applications. Both user processing functions and image read/write facilities are separately compiled as DLLs, and the resulting plugin objects are dynamically imported into the kernel. The library provides all the required wrapping material to incorporate all find of image processing functions into user-written components. A rapid prototyping application is provided to communicate with the kernel communication interface. No graphics programming skills is required to manage advanced user interactions, image display (e.g. OpenGL), and generic image processing functions based on C++ templates. The component-oriented software architecture makes it possible to share image processing and handling resources for light Windows processing applications.
A Simple Command Line Argument Parser
Authors: Staring Marius , Klein Stefan
Published: January 2022

This document describes the implementation of a simple command line argument parser using the Insight Toolkit ITK. Such a parser may be useful for use in the examples of the ITK. This paper is accompanied with the source code.
Scale Invariant Feature Transform for n-Dimensional Images (n-SIFT)
Authors: Cheung Warren , Hamarneh Ghassan
Published: January 2022

This document describes the implementation of several features previously developed[2], extending the 2D scale invariant feature transform (SIFT)[4, 5] for images of arbitrary dimensionality, such as 3D medical image volumes and time series, using ITK1. Specifically, we provide a scale invariant implementation of a weighted histogram of gradient feature, a rotationally invariant version of the histogram feature, and a SIFT-like feature, adapted to handle images of arbitrary dimensionality. This paper is accompanied with the source code, example input data, parameters and output data, allowing reproduction of the example results in this paper and the results previously reported[2]. Note that usage of SIFT in the United States is governed by US Patent 6,711,293.
Surface Mesh Discrete Curvature Estimators
Authors: Gelas Arnaud , Gouaillard Alexandre , Megason Sean
Published: January 2022

Computing local curvatures of a given surface is important for applications, shape analysis, surface segmentation, meshing, and surface evolution. For a given smooth surface (with a given analytical expression which is sufficiently differentiable) curvatures can be analytically and directly computed. However in real applications, one often deals with a surface mesh which is an insufficiently differentiable approximation, and thus curvatures must be estimated. Based on a surface mesh data structure (~), we introduce and implement curvature estimators following the approach of Meyer. We show on a sphere that this method results in more stable curvature approximations than the commonly used discrete estimators (as used in VTK: ).
Deconvolution: infrastructure and reference algorithms
Authors: Lehmann Gaëtan
Published: January 2022

The deconvolution, also called deblurring, tries to revert the optical distortion introduced during the aquisition of the image. It is a family of image processing which can be classed in the larger family of image restoration. Deconvolution is a very difficult problem, and many algorithms have been proposed to solve it, with different strenght and weakness which may depend on the context where they are used. As a consequence, it is desirable to have several algorithms available when trying to restore some images. The different algorithms are often built on a similar principle, making possible to share a large part of their API in their implementation. Also, the most generic operations related to deconvolution should be reusable in order to avoid code duplication and ease the implementation of new algorithms.

In this contribution, the infrastructure for the implementation of several deconvolution algorithms is proposed. Based on this infrastructure, twelve simple deconvolution algorithms of reference are also provided.
Computing Bone Morphometric Feature Maps from 3-Dimensional Images
Authors: Vimort Jean-baptiste , Mccormick Matthew , Paniagua Beatriz
Published: January 2022

This document describes a new remote module implemented for the Insight Toolkit (ITK), itkBoneMorphometry. This module contains bone analysis filters that compute features from N-dimensional images that represent the internal architecture of bone. The computation of the bone morphometry features in this module is based on well known methods. The two filters contained in this module are itkBoneMorphometryFeaturesFilter. which computes a set of features that describe the whole input image in the form of a feature vector, and itkBoneMorphometryFeaturesImageFilter, which computes an N-D feature map that locally describes the input image (i.e. for every voxel). itkBoneMorphometryFeaturesImageFilter can be configured based in the locality of the desired morphometry features by specifying the neighborhood size. This paper is accompanied by the source code, the input data, the choice of parameters and the output data that we have used for validating the algorithms described. This adheres to the fundamental principle that scientific publications must facilitate reproducibility of the reported results.
Reader/Writer for Analyze Object Maps for ITK
Authors: Hawley Jeffrey , Johnson Hans
Published: January 2022

This document describes an addition to the Image IO Library of the Insight Toolkit (ITK). ITK has been able to read in Analyze image files but not the Analyze Object Maps that correspond to the images. Analyze Object maps define regions of interest that are helpful in designating locations, giving a name to those locations, as well as display characteristics. Also, Analyze Object Maps are useful to tell someone where to look in an image. With the lack of not being able to read/write Analyze Object Maps, a new set of classes have been developed to read/write Analyze Object Maps and manipulate the object maps.
An ITK-Based Framework for 2D-3D Registration with Multiple Fixed Images
Authors: Bertelsen Alvaro , Borro Diego
Published: January 2022

This document describes an extension of the Insight Toolkit (ITK, www.itk.org) for 2D-3D registration with multiple fixed images, that is, registration of a three-dimensional dataset to a group of fixed planar projections. 2D-3D registration is possible with ITK’s standard classes but with several limitations: the number of fixed images is restricted to one and the moving image’s orientation axes are ignored, which greatly complicates the registration definition. Both problems are solved by the proposed framework, which permits multi-resolution intensity-based registration with an arbitrary number of fixed images, with all images defined in any orientation. In addition, the framework provides implementations of the Normalized Gradient Correlation and Pattern Intensity metrics, which are commonly used in 2D-3D registration but were not present in ITK. This article gives a detailed description of the proposed framework, along with examples that show its capabilities in registrations of real and simulated images of the spine.
vtkINRIA3D: A VTK Extension for Spatiotemporal Data Synchronization, Visualization and Management
Authors: Toussaint Nicolas , Sermesant Maxime , Fillard Pierre
Published: January 2022

This paper presents an extension of the Visualization ToolKit dedicated to spatiotemporal data synchronization, visualization and management. It basically consists in a versatile library providing functionalities to help developers setting up sophisticated applications with minimal development effort. In the medical imaging context, various types of data are often encountered, which raises the need for adapted visualization and synchronization techniques. Moreover, the management of these data (organization, creation, deletion, access) can become a burden. We propose in vtkINRIA3D a strategy to synchronize interactions between datasets representations, to manipulate complex objects (e.g., neural fibers as obtained in DT-MRI), as well as a managing framework for organizing data (including temporal sequences). The efficiency of vtkINRIA3D is illustrated with two applications: MedINRIA (general medical image processing software) and CardioViz3D (cardiac image visualization). vtkINRIA3D is open-source, and comes with a set of examples, test data and softwares built upon it: http://www-sop.inria.fr/asclepios/software/vtkINRIA3D.
Knowledge-Based Segmentation of Brain MRI Scans Using the Insight Toolkit
Authors: Melonakos John , Melonakos John , Al-Hakim Ramsey , Fallon James , Tannenbaum Allen
Published: January 2022

An Insight Toolkit (ITK) implementation of our knowledgebased segmentation algorithm applied to brain MRI scans is presented in this paper. Our algorithm is a refinement of the work of Teo, Saprio, and Wandall. The basic idea is to incorporate prior knowledge into the segmentation through Bayesrule. Image noise is removed via an affine invariant anisotropic smoothing of the posteriors as in Haker et. al. We present the results of this code on two different projects. First, we show the effect of applying this code to skull-removed brain MRI scans. Second, we show the effect of applying this code to the extraction of the DLPFC from a user-defined subregion of brain MRI data.We present our results on brain MRI scans, comparing the results of the knowledge-based segmentation to manual segmentations on datasets of schizophrenic patients.
FFT Shift
Authors: Lehmann Gaetan
Published: January 2022

A common usage when working with Fourier transform is to shift the the image to put the zero-frequency component in the center of the image. This contribution comes with a filter to perform this transform.
UNCHealthyBrainMRI-Inputs
Authors: Aylward Stephen , Bullitt Elizabeth
Published: January 2022

MRI scans of healthy individuals
A White Matter Stochastic Tractography System
Authors: Ngo Tri , Westin Carl-fredrik , Golland Polina
Published: January 2022

White matter tractography enables studies of fiber bundle characteristics. Stochastic tractography facilitates these investigations by providing a measure of confidence regarding the inferred fiber bundles. This article presents a multithreaded ITK stochastic tractography filter that will enable novel studies of fiber tract abnormalities. Additionally, we provide an easy to use command line interface for the filter that is compatible with the 3D Slicer visualization environment.
Robot Assisted Needle Placement: Application developed using an open source image guided surgery toolkit (IGSTK)
Authors: Cheng Peng , Enquobahrie Andinet , Stenzel Roland , Lin Ralph , Zhang Hui , Yaniv Ziv , Kim Hee-su , Cleary Kevin
Published: January 2022

Using a robot system to position needles or needle shaped tools during clinical procedures such as biopsy, radio frequency ablation, and target drug delivery has a great potentials in increasing accuracy and speed of the process, and minimizing trauma to patient. This paper describes a robot assist needle placement system developed using Image Guided Surgery Toolkit (IGSTK). IGSTK is an open source software toolkit aimed at providing a robust and safe platform for researchers and clinicians for fast prototyping of image guided applications with minimum cost and effort
RANSAC Plane Fitting for VTK
Authors: Doria David
Published: January 2022

RANdom SAmple Concensus (RANSAC) is an iterative method to estimate parameters of a model. It assumes that their are inliers in the data which are well explained by the chosen model. We propose a new class for VTK, vtkRANSACPlane, which estimates the best plane in a point set using the RANSAC method.
Using the strategy pattern to simplify ITK
Authors: Mueller Dan
Published: January 2022

ITK is becoming increasingly complex as it continues to grow and evolve. The SimpleITK initiative aims to address this concern by providing an easy-access layer around ITK for non-C++ expert developers. This article proposes an alternate (perhaps complementary) approach utilizing the strategy pattern. The software design pattern known as “strategy” allows an algorithm to be selected from a family of algorithms on-the-fly at runtime. Because ITK consists of many such algorithm families, this particular design pattern is quite interesting. This article describes a number of algorithm families which have been identified; so far thirteen families have been implemented, encapsulating nearly 130 filters/objects. Complete source code and examples are provided to demonstrate the concept.
Gridding Graphic Graticules
Authors: Tustison Nicholas J. , Avants Brian , Gee James
Published: January 2022

Certain classes of images find disparate use amongst members of the ITK community for such purposes as visualization, simulation, testing, etc. Currently there exists two derived classes from the ImageSource class used for generating specific images for various applications, viz. RandomImageSource and GaussianImageSource. We propose to add to this set with the class GridImageSource which, obviously enough, produces a grid image. Such images are useful for visualizing deformation when used in conjunction with the WarpImageFilter, simulating magnetic resonance tagging images, or creating optical illusions with which to amaze your friends.
MRI of the Elbow: Interpretation of Common Orthopaedic Injuries
Authors: Stanborough Rupert O. , Wessell Daniel E. , Elhassan Bassem T. , Schoch Bradley S.
Published: January 2022

MRI is a valuable diagnostic tool that has become an essential part of an orthopaedic surgeon's practice. When acquired in the appropriate clinical setting, an MRI can direct patient management as surgical versus nonsurgical, guide surgical decision making, and even predict patient outcomes. The quality of MRI obtained and quality of the radiology report received varies. Ultimately, the orthopaedic surgeon must interpret the available imaging and apply these findings to treat the patient. The current day practicing orthopaedic surgeon should be familiar with interpreting common MRIs. Although subspecialized orthopaedic surgeons usually have experience and understanding of MRIs in their field, the general orthopaedic surgeon and those in-training will encounter the gamut of musculoskeletal MRIs. This review focuses on common injuries that can occur in the elbow and provides an approach to minimize missed findings.
Formal Orthopaedic Surgery “Boot Camp” Curriculum to Optimize Performance on Acting Internships
Authors: Yu Henry H. , Lockwood Winthrop C. , Shaw Kylie G. , Scott Frank A.
Published: January 2022

Orthopaedic surgery is one of the most competitive residency specialties in the National Residency Matching Program. To improve the odds of matching, senior medical students applying in the field participate in orthopaedic surgery away rotations with programs across the country. Students who do well on these rotations have a higher likelihood of matching because clinical performance is a principal criterion used by admissions committees to rank applicants. On the other hand, these rotations can be physically and emotionally taxing on medical students because poor performance can negatively affect their application and, thus, chances of matching at that institution. Unfortunately, the resources provided by medical schools to prepare students for these high-stakes rotations are usually sparse and unstructured. To address this gap in training at our institution, we developed a formal “boot camp” offered through the university to prepare interested senior medical students for their orthopaedic surgery acting internships. This course focuses on building a solid foundation of musculoskeletal knowledge and exposing students to surgical and procedural skills that are fundamental to the practice of orthopaedic surgery. Over the 2 years, this course has been offered at our institution, and it has proven successful in outcome measures, such as student satisfaction and preparedness, student orthopaedic knowledge, program director evaluations, and match rate. This article describes the novel 1-month curriculum, which includes lectures, laboratory, and clinical experience.
An Analysis of Idioms in Sumbawanese Songs
Authors: Susilawati Imas , Sartika Sartika , Solihin Solihin
Published: January 2022

This research aimed to find out the meanings and types of idioms contained in 18 Sumbawanese songs. The method used in this study was the qualitative descriptive method. Research data were obtained through interview, documentation, and recording. In the analysis, the theory used was Leech theory (1974) to categorize the types of idiom meanings and the researchers focused on two types of meanings namely denotative and connotative meanings. In addition to this theory, the researchers also used Sudaryat's theory (2011) to classify the types of idioms contained in the 18 Sumbawanese songs. Based on the analysis, it was found that there were 18 idioms from 18 songs that were subject to research. Then from 18 idioms, 5 idioms belong to partial idioms and 13 idioms include full idioms.
Pembentukan Akhlak melalui Suri Tauladan Rasullulah pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Siti Fatimah  , Sutrisno
Published: January 2022

Akhlak merupakan suatu tindakan yang sifatnya tertanam dalam diri manusia, dengan demikian  keadaan tersebut akan muncul secara spontan apabila keadaan itu diperlukan, tanpa melalui sebuah pemikiran atau pertimbangan terlebih dahulu. Berakhlak mulia dalam ajaran Islam akan dipujikan oleh Allah dan ditinggikan derajatnya. Sarana pendidikan akhlak yang baik yaitu dapat dilihat dari bagaimana Rasulullah SAW dalam bersikap atau bertindak, Rasulullah menjadi suri teladan untuk ummatnya  mampu dicontoh baik dalam ucapan maupun dalam segala bentuk tindakannya. Dikarenakan setiap apapun tindakan Rasullah SAW samahalnya menjadi apa yang diperintahkan Allah SWT.  Rasulullah SAW merupakan suri teladan bagi ummat Islam, sehingga setiap ummatnya harus mampu mencontoh atau meneladani dari semua hal yang pernah dilakukan oleh Rosululloh SAW. Kepribadian Nabi Muhammad SAW adalah contoh yang sangat tepat untuk dijadikan referensi dalam pembentukan kepribadian dapat dilihat dari cara rasullulah memberikan didikan kepada anak-anaknya. Dengan begitu, melalui suri tauladan rasulullah memberikan sumbangsih yang sangat tinggi terhadap pembentukan akhlak kepada anak usia sekolah dasar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahuhi bagaimana Pembentukan Akhlak Melalui Suri Tauladan Rasullulah Pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar. Isi dari penelitian ini yaitu tentang 1) Upaya rasulullah mendidik anak-anaknya dalam keluarganya 2) Implementasi pembentukan akhlak melalui suri tauladan rasulullah pada anak usia sekolah dasar.
Evektifitas Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) pada Materi Segiempat Kelas VII
Authors: Pradana Raditya Bagus Gilang , Budayasa I Ketut , Abadi Abadi
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang diawali dengan penelitian pengembangan. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Menjelaskan proses dan hasil dari perangkat pembelajaran kooperatif tipe student team achievement division (STAD) pada materi segiempat di kelas VII yang berkualitas baik (2) Mendeskripsikan keefektifan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe student team achievement division (STAD) pada materi segiempat di kelas VII. (3) mengetahui apakah hasil belajar siswa yang diajar menggunakan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD lebih baik dari pada hasil belajar siswa yang diajar menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional pada materi segiempat kelas VII.  Berdasarkan hasil uji coba perangkat, diperoleh perangkat pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) dalam kategori baik. Hasil penelitian pada kelas eksperimen berdasarkan  analisis deskriptif diperoleh hasil bahwa model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Students Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) efektif untuk digunakan dalam mengajarkan materi segiempat. Sedangkan berdasarkan analisis statistik inferensial dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) lebih baik dibandingkan dengan hasil belajar siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran konvensional untuk materi segiempat di kelas VII.
Penggunaan Bahasa Indonesia yang Baik dan Benar serta Etika Menghubungi Dosen melalui Aplikasi WhatsApp
Authors: Chairunnisa Chairunnisa , Hasanah Nur , Masyhuri Ahmad Ari , Febriansyah Daffa , Sunarsi Denok
Published: January 2022

Penggunaan Bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar serta etika mahasiswa dalam mengubungi dosen semakin bergeser sejak dimanjakan oleh kemudahan komunikasi. Apabila kita menalar sejenak mengenai dunia mahasiswa pada era sebelum adanya android, tentu proses komunikasi antara mahasiswa dengan dosen umumnya dilakukan secara langsung tanpa media. Perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi pada kalangan mahasiswa dalam berkomunikasi dan berinteraksi dengan dosen disebabkan oleh berbagai hal pada zaman seperti ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menginventarisasi dan mendeskripsikan karakteristik pemakaian Bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar ketika menghubungi dosen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif yaitu menggunakan platform google form untuk melakukan survei data dalam bentuk angka terhadap penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak mahasiswa yang belum paham  dan mengerti mengenai pemakaian Bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar serta etika dalam berkomunikasi kepada dosen yang telah dibuktikan dari hasil kuesioner terlebih adalah mahasiswa baru yang notabennya belum menyesuaikan diri pada dunia perkuliahan. Hal ini tentu perlu kita cegah sebagai bentuk perhatian kita terhadap etika berkomunikasi.
Na falta de empatia: segregação e exílio como lei tendencial
Authors: Faria Gabriele Gomes
Published: January 2022

Estabelecemos um diálogo sobre a dinâmica do acesso à cidade em uma periferia precariamente servida que vivencia a urbanização com características que segregam e excluem aqueles mais pobres. Para tanto, este artigo que é fruto de inquietações profissionais, toma como método de análise, a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental sob a hipótese de negligencia pela via da segregação e exílio de um perfil específico, denotando um movimento de apartheid que embaraça a reprodução da cidade mercadoria e robustece a função do Estado moralizador, criminalizador da pobreza, reforçando a matriz de classe nas ações desmedidamente inferiorizadas dos dirigentes do Estado àqueles territórios ultrajados.
Characteristics of Optical Silicone Tactile Sensor
Authors: Rosli Nurul Fathiah Mohamed , Ayub Muhammad Azmi , Jaafan Roseleena
Published: January 2022

The main objective of this research work is to anal yze the characteristics of a newly developed optical tactile sensor for sensing surface hardness. Many optical tactile sensors are bulky in size and lack of dexterity for biomedical applications. Therefore, this tactile sensor is design relative small in size and flexible for easier insertion in endoscopic surgery application. The characteristics of the tactile sensor are calibrated with respect to changes in the diameter, area and perimeter of a silicon tactile sensor subjected to normal forces applied at the point of interaction. A surface exploration computer algorithm to obtain the sensing information was developed to analyse the characteristic of the optical tactile sensor. The overall image anal ysis technique involves the following main stages: image acquisition (capturing of images), processing (thresholding, noise filtering and boundary detection ) and evaluation (force measurement). The measured forces were then compared to the actual forces to determine the accuracy of the tactile sensor’s characteristics. The results showed tluit the sensing characteristic with respect to changes in perimeter of the tactile sensor is more accurate compared to the other sensing characteristics. The outcomes of this research shows that the functionality of the developed new image anal ysis computer algorithm coupled with the silicone tactile sensor is suitable for biomedical applications such as in endoscopic surgery for measurement of tissue softness.
Control of Bifurcation Behaviour of the Buck Converter via a Resonant Parametric Perturbation Circuit
Authors: Chiang Ir. Dr Ng Kok , Tien Tien Dr Michelle Tan , Mei Lin Dr Nadia Tan
Published: January 2022

Nonlinear circuits and systems research has been growing very quickl y over the past two decades. Activel y pursued in almost every branch of science and engineering, nonlinear systems theory luis found wide applications in a variety of practical engineering problems. Engineers, scientists and mathematicians have similarly advanced from the passive role of simpl y anal yzing, or identifying chaos to their present, active involvement in controlling chaos — control directed not onl y at suppression, but also at exploiting its enormous potential. We now stand at the threshold ofmajor advances in the control and synchronization of cluios for new applications across the range of engineering disciplines. All feedback controlled power converters exhibit certain non-linear phenomena over a specific breadth of parameter values. Despite being commonly encountered hy power electronics engineers, these non-linear phenomena are by and large not thoroughl y understood by engineers. Such phenomena remaining somewhat mysterious and hardl y ever been examined in a formal way. As the discipline of power electronics becomes more matured, demand for better functionality, dependability and performance of power electronics circuits will inevitably force researchers to engage themselves in more detailed stud y and analysis of non-linear phenomena and complex behaviour of power electronics converters. The bifurcation behaviour of the back converter occurs when the input voltage is varied. In this study, the computer simulation scheme, PSPICE is employed to model the behaviour of the ideal back converter. For certain values of the input voltage Vin instability occurs. The resonant parametric perturbation method is then applied to control the bifurcation behaviour of the voltage-mode controlled back converter. Analysis and simulations are presented to provide theoretical and practical evidence for the proposed control method. As the back converter has wide industrial application, it would be deemed necessary for designers to know about its bifurcation behaviour and how to control such behaviour.
Financial Inclusion and Crowdfunding- A study of European Countries
Authors:   Endicott College of International Studies, Woosong University, Daejeon, South Korea, Baber Hasnan
Published: January 2022

Financial Inclusion appears to be a means of achieving the millennium development goals (MDGs) w h ic h can exterminate poverty and help populaces to come out of the trap known as “poverty trap”. Crowdfunding, on the otherhand, helps people find investors or contributors for their business or cause. They are usually people who do no t have access to the formal financial market or do not want to borrow money athighinterest rates. The study was aime d to review the position of European countries in terms of financial inclusion and Fintechfrom the Findex data 2017 from the World Bank.The crowdfunding data was gathered from the website of the European Crowdfunding Network whi c h helps to propagate the idea of crowdfunding in European countries. The study found that most countries in Europe have a high number of populationsinclusive in the formal financial system and thus can access various fi nanc ia l se rv i ce s offered by these institutions. Also, crowdfunding has seen a sharp increase in the amount of money raisedand proj ec t s funded in the last few years which was possible through the penetration of Fintechservices in these countries. The study will be helpful for the companies which want to launch their crowdfunding platforms and also for the people who like to project their business on these platforms.
Regions of the zone of influence of the Great Silk Road and the Tea Road: strategic directions for the development of economic potential
Authors:   Baikal Institute of Nature Management,Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lubsanova Natalia
Published: January 2022

In the current conditions of economic crises, emerging threats, and risks, there is a need to consider the risks of changes in the economic potential of regions when determining priorities for the development of economic potential. The author hasdeveloped an algorithm for substantiating the strategic directions of the development of the economic potential of the regions based on dynamic risk assessment and monitoring of the state of the potential. The proposed methodology was tested in 28 regions ofRussia, China, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan of the zone of influence of the Great Silk Road and the Tea Road. The developed methodological approaches to determining the priorities for the development of the economic potential of the regions allow us to justify the strategic directions of growth, considering the risks
Resource-Deficient Regions: The Specificity of State Support
Authors:   Department of Regional, Municipal Economy and Management, Ural State University of Economics, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Sorokina Ekaterina
Published: January 2022

The success of Russia's socio-economic development heavily depends on resource avail abi li ty , resource sufficiency, and resource diversity. Because economic resources (natural, human, capital, information, and material) represent a key barrier to regional social and economic development, the regional federal systems should take into account the effects of regional development drivers. This study aims to assess the level of economic development across economic regions in Russia regarding resource availability and develop state regulation measures to improve regional economic performance. For thi s, a l l regions were divided into groups by their gross regional product estimates. Fac to rs re fl ec ti ng e c onomi c performance were identified through factor analysis, and the cyclical nature of resources av ai la bil it y w a s discussed. The paper offers a resources availability model that allows determining the minimum a moun t o f resources required for a region having a specific level of economic development to a c hi ev e t he ma x imu m economic performance possible inless time. In addition, the paper presents a state regulatory framework for a regional economy that integrates financial support measures, state projects and programs, and me a sure s to modify the regulatory framework and the regulation of human resources. The proposed sta te re g ul ati on framework takes into account the full range of regional resources and makes it possible to choose t h e mo st effective tools with the view to meeting regional development goals
Une démarche de co-construction de la connaissance pédologique par les agriculteurs et les pédologues. L’exemple de l’Aire d’Alimentation de Captage de la Gimone (82)
Authors: Lagacherie Philippe , Laroche Bertrand , Le Gouée Patrick , Lestrade Bernard , Rigou Laurent
Published: January 2022

Face à l’importance de considérer les sols et leurs caractéristiques pour traiter les problématiques de conservation ou de reconquête de la qualité des masses d’eau dans les AAC, une étude pédologique originale, associant pédologues et agriculteurs locaux dans une démarche participative, a été expérimentée sur l’aire d’alimentation de captage du Bassin versant de la Gimone (82). Une démarche de co-construction d’une typologie de sols locale a été expérimentée avec l’objectif de mettre en synergie la connaissance pratique des sols détenue par les agriculteurs et celle du pédologue acquise à l’issue d’une prospection pédologique légère associée à l’exploitation des cartes de sol anciennes. Deux ateliers participatifs réunissant pédologues et agriculteurs ont permis de converger sur une typologie commune permettant aux agriculteurs de s’approprier l’étude pédologique et aux pédologues de bénéficier de la connaissance fine des agriculteurs sur la caractérisation et localisation des types de sol. Les deux types de connaissances se sont révélées très complémentaires l’une de l’autre. Le dialogue entamé entre pédologues et agriculteurs est destiné à se poursuivre pour concrétiser l’objectif d’un zonage pédologique concerté permettant d’orienter le choix de mesures correctives pour la reconquête de la qualité de l’eau. La démarche devra être également généralisée à d’autres AAC avec des données pédologiques existantes et des niveaux de perception des sols par les agriculteurs différents de ceux du Bassin Versant de la Gimone. Mots-clés : types de sols – aires de captage – démarche participative – connaissances partagées
Capitaliser les connaissances avec les acteurs pour concevoir des systèmes agroécologiques
Authors: Quinio Maude , Salazar Paola , Gardarin Antoine , Petit Marie-Sophie , Jeuffroy Marie-Hélène
Published: January 2022

Favoriser la transition agroécologique suppose de modifier en profondeur les systèmes agricoles, en particulier en valorisant les processus naturels. La conception de systèmes agroécologiques mobilise les connaissances des acteurs, dont les connaissances des agriculteurs acquises par la formalisation. Nous avons dans cet objectif développé trois outils standardisés de capitalisation et de partage des connaissances. Ces outils ont été testés avec des utilisateurs, concepteurs de systèmes agroécologiques ou avec des contributeurs qui produisent et alimentent ces outils. Nous montrons que la capitalisation collective, entre des acteurs agricoles dispersés sur le territoire et dans différents organismes de développement agricole, favorise l’enrichissement des outils. Dans les perspectives, nous considérons l’usage d’une plateforme en ligne pour soutenir la production et le partage de ces outils de capitalisation des connaissances. Mots clés : connaissances issues de l’action, formalisation de connaissances, atelier de capitalisation, outils de capitalisation, tests d’usage
Gestion des risques liés à la rouille orangée du caféier (Hemileia vastatrix) en Amérique centrale : apports de simulations interactives en distanciel
Authors: Leclerc Grégoire , Bommel Pierre , Motisi Natacha , Vezy Rémi , Treminio Edwin , Avelino Jacques
Published: January 2022

Les épidémies de rouille orangée du caféier (ROC) entraînent des crises socio-économiques qui menacent la durabilité des territoires de production de café en Amérique Centrale. Nous présentons le processus de co-construction d’un modèle de prévision de la ROC et sa mise en œuvre lors d’ateliers participatifs de simulation interactive (SI) visant à renforcer les capacités des acteurs de la caféiculture pour faire face à la ROC. Basée sur un modèle de croissance du caféier et de la ROC, ce modèle fait évoluer un système caféier-ROC en fonction de la météorologie. Dans le contexte de l'agriculture familiale, les participants disposent de capacités réduites les obligeant à la parcimonie pour lutter contre la ROC. La SI a dû être virtualisée en raison de la pandémie de Covid-19, ce qui a nécessité des compromis sur les échanges entre participants mais les objectifs d’apprentissage ont été atteints. La virtualisation a permis une participation étendue, des économies substantielles, une meilleure gestion du temps, une prise en compte des opinions individuelles, le débriefing à chaud et la traçabilité des décisions. Plus contraignante, la virtualisation est aussi une opportunité pour améliorer nos pratiques de SI. Mots clés : Café, Système multi-agent, Jeux sérieux, Modélisation d’accompagnement, Systèmes d’alerte.
The Impact of Economic Factors on Voter Preferences: The Case of Turkey
Authors: ARMUTCU Barış , TAN Ahmet
Published: January 2022

The current study investigates the relationship between the votes of political parties and per capita gross domestic product, unemployment and inflation rates in Turkey for the years between 1990 and 2019. ADF, PP and Carrion-i-Silvestre unit root tests with structural breaks were used to determine the degree of stationarity of the variables. Maki cointegration test and ARDL bounds test were used under multiple structural breaks to determine the cointegration and short and long-term relationships between the variables. Finally, Todo-Yomamoto Granger causality test was used to determine the causality relationship between the variables. The results revealed that per capita gross domestic product positively affects the vote rates of political parties in the short-term, and inflation affects the vote rates of political parties negatively in the long-term. As a result of the Granger causality test, a one-way causality relationship was determined between inflation and the vote rates of political parties. According to this result, it is seen that the increase in the inflation rate causes a decrease in the vote rates of political parties in Turkey. Another important finding is that the unemployment rate has no effect on the vote rates of political parties.
CONTOPT-JS: Metaheuristic Algorithms based JavaScript Software Library for Continuous Optimization Problems
Authors: Gokalp Osman , Ugur Aybars , Bodur Sema
Published: January 2022

In this study, a software library called CONTOPT-JS has been developed for solving continuous optimization problems. By using this JavaScript language based library, fully client-side web applications can be developed. In the library, Artificial Bee Colony, Differential Evolution, Particle Swarm Optimization and Evolution Strategies metaheuristics exist and new algorithms and new problems can be added because of its modular design. Using the CONTOPT-JS library, experimental works have been conducted on some standard optimization benchmark functions and Sensor Deployment application area and the obtained results have been presented.
Development of Driver Fatigue Detection System By Using Video Images
Authors: Kir Savas Burcu , Becerikli Yasar
Published: January 2022

Major reasons for traffic accidents all over the world are mostly because of drivers' fatigue and lack of concentration. In this study, the detection and tracking of the drivers' faces in video based images were realized by using AdaBoost algorithm. The eye area was detected by using Principle Component Analysis (PCA). A predictive system was developed analyzing the eye closure of the drivers'. The system used PERCLOS (Percentage of eye closure) and it was tested on UCLA database.