bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AKSİYAL ROTASYONAL DEFORMİTE İLE KAYNAMIŞ KLAVİKULA ORTA GÖVDE KIRIKLARININ AKROMİOKLAVİKULER VE KORAKOKLAVİKULER EKLEM ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ; SONLU ELEMANLAR ANALİZİ
Authors: ÇALIŞAL Emre , Ugur Levent
Published: February 2019

Amaç: Klavikula orta gövde kırıklarının
cerrahi tedavisinde plak ve çivileme sık kullanılan yöntemlerdir. Genellikle
cerrahi sırasında rotasyonel deformiteler göz ardı edilir. Çalışmadaki
amacımız; klavikula orta gövde kırıklarındaki rotasyonel kaynamanın
akromioklavikuler (AK) ve korakoklavikuler (KK) ekleme etkisini sonlu eleman
analiz yöntemi ile incelemekti.

Yöntem: Bilgisayarlı tomografi görüntüleri
kullanılarak sağlam omuz kavşağı modellendi. Klavikula üzerinde orta gövde
kırığı oluşturuldu. Oluşturulan kırıklar sırasıyla anterior ve posterior aksiyal
rotasyonda 5°,10°,15° ve 20°'de kaynatılarak; malunion modelleri oluşturuldu.
Elde edilen modeller sonlu elemanlar programı olan ANSYS (surum 18)
kullanılarak non-lineer olarak yapıldı ve tüm modellerde aynı sınır şartları
uygulandı.

Bulgular: Analizler sonucunda kırık
hattının farklı rotasyonel derecelerinde anterior ve posterior aksiyal rotasyonda
iken AK ve KK eklemde meydana gelen gerilmeler elde edildi. Aksiyal rotasyonda
kaynamış klavikula orta gövde kırıklarında AK ve KK ekleme binen yüklenme
artar. Özellikle yüklenmeler; posterior aksiyal rotasyonda kaynamış orta gövde
klavikula kırıklarında anteriora göre daha fazladır.

Çıkarımlar: Klavikula orta gövde
kırıklarının cerrahisinde rotasyonel deformiteler omuz eklem biyomekaniğini etkileyerek,
özellikle AK ve KK ekleme binen yükte artışa neden olur. Bu da omuz ekleminde
ağrıya, ilerleyen dönemlerde eklem dejenerasyonuna neden olabilir.
Günaşımı Olan, Nullipar Gebelerde Prostaglandin E2'nin Doğum İndüksiyonu Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: TÜRKLER Can
Published: February 2019

ÖZET

Amaç:
Bu çalışmanın amacı, hastanemizde son iki yılda
prostaglandin E2 (dinoproston) ile doğum indüksiyonu uygulanan
günaşımı ve nullipar gebelik olgularının epidemiyolojik ve klinik olarak
değerlendirilmesidir.

Gereç
ve Yöntem: Çalışmamda gün aşımı
(gebelik haftası ≥ 41 hafta)  nedeniyle
dinoproston ile doğum indüksiyonu almış 136 nullipar gebe değerlendirildi.

Bulgular:
Dinoproston uygulanan günaşımı ve nullipar gebelerde
sezaryenle doğum oranı  % 31.6 olarak
bulundu. Dinoproston indüksiyonu sonrası vajinal doğum (NVD) yapanlarla
dinoproston sonrası sezaryen doğum (C/S) yapan hastalar kıyaslandı. Fetal
distres (% 48.8), ilerlemeyen eylem (% 32.5) ve sefalopelvik uyumsuzluk (% 18.6),
sezaryenle doğumlarda en sık görülen endikasyonlardı. Postpartum dönemde
yenidoğan yoğunbakım ihtiyacı oranları, normal doğum yapanlarda % 3.2,
sezaryenle doğum yapanlarda % 4.6 idi ve her iki grup için de benzerdi.

Sonuç:
Dinoproston, nullipar gebelerde servikal olgunluğu sağlamak ve
doğum indüksiyonu için kullanılan güvenilir ve etkili bir ajandır. Fetal
distres sebebiyle sezaryen oranlarını arttırmaktadır.
BİR İLDE 40-69 YAŞ KADINLARDA MEME KANSERİ TARAMALARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: AKOVA İrem , HASDEMİR Öznur , TÜRKOĞLU Hayriye
Published: February 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışma bir ilde 2016-2017
yılları arasında yapılan meme kanseri tarama oranlarının belirlenmesi ve tarama
sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi amacıyla planlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: 2016-2017 yıllarında ilimiz Kanser
Erken Teşhis ve Tarama Merkezine (KETEM) ve Mobil KETEM’e başvuran 40-69 yaş
arasındaki kadınlara yapılan mamografi sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir. Veriler
araştırmacılar tarafından MM Screen yazılımından geriye dönük olarak elde
edilmiştir. Etik Kurul ve ilgili kamu kurumunun onayı alınmıştır. Çalışmamızdan
elde edilen veriler SPSS (ver 22) programına yüklenerek verilerin
değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: İlimizde hedef
nüfusun 2016’da %15.8'i ve 2017’de %16.1’i taranmıştır. Taramalarda en sık görülen
mamografi sonucu her iki yıl için de (2016: %94.6; 2017: %96.4) BIRADS 1-2
(Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) olmuştur. Her iki yıl için de en az
görülen mamografi sonucu BIRADS 4 ve 5’tir. BIRADS 0, BIRADS 4 ve BIRADS 5
gelen 2016 yılı için toplam 400 kadın (% 0.5) ve 2017 yılı için toplam 289
kadın (% 0.3) ileri inceleme için hastaneye sevk edilmiştir.

Sonuç: Meme kanseri taramalarında ilimizde 2017
yılında bir önceki yıla göre hedef nüfusa ulaşma oranı artmıştır. Tarama için
önerilen hedefe ulaşmak için sadece Toplum Sağlığı Merkezlerinin ve KETEM’
lerin çabasının yeterli olmadığı, Aile Hekimlerinin de kendilerine kayıtlı
hedef nüfuslarda bu taramalara önem vermeleri için gerekli düzenlemelerin
yapılması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
Foreign language anxiety
Authors: Nilsson Maria
Published: February 2019

Although foreign language anxiety is a widely studied construct assumed to develop from negative experiences of language instruction, few researchers have focused on young learners in this regard. This multiple case study investigates levels and triggers of language anxiety in Swedish primary classrooms under rather favorable learning conditions with a supportive, non-competitive atmosphere, and without formal knowledge requirements or grades. A total of 225 learners, aged 8–12, studying English as their first foreign language completed a self-report questionnaire, a modified version of the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (Horwitz, Horwitz, & Cope, 1986), eliciting learners’ reactions to oral classroom participation. Foreign language anxiety was found along a continuum among learners. To investigate similarities and differences among students of differing anxiety levels, they were grouped into three categories: low, medium and high anxiety. The high anxiety group included 18.2% of learners, and for most of them, this anxiety was situation-specific and closely related to their own oral performance during English lessons. However, many classroom situations triggered language anxiety in other learners as well. It may therefore be advisable for teachers to reflect on common classroom practices that induce anxiety, rather than viewing language anxiety as a disadvantageous characteristic of individual learners. The results call for in-depth studies of classroom contexts where language anxiety develops. Moreover, the study’s contribution encompass new perspectives on research methodology with respect to young learners and in relation to foreign language anxiety.
Competencias administrativas en la calidad del servicio en las instituciones educativas del nivel inicial
Authors: Núñez Lira Luis Alberto , Giordano Silva Marisol Verónica , Menacho Vargas Isabel , Uribe Hernández Yrene Cecilia , Rodríguez Fuentes Luis
Published: February 2019

Se buscó determinar la influencia de las competencias administrativas desarrolladas en las directoras sobre la calidad del servicio educativo que ofrecen las instituciones educativas del nivel inicial en la Unidad de Gestión Local 07, Perú. Esta investigación se enmarca dentro del modelo positivista y de tipo básica-sustantiva, con nivel explicativo y de diseño transversal y no experimental. Fueron 155 docentes del nivel inicial que conformaron una muestra probabilística, aleatoria simple; se aplicaron dos escalas de opinión o percepción como instrumentos para la recolección de datos cuya validez y confiabilidad fueron establecidas previamente; los datos fueron procesados estadísticamente mediante el análisis de regresión. Se halló que el 71,3% de las profesoras de inicial percibían que en las directoras de las Instituciones Educativas de nivel Inicial del distrito  habían desarrollado las competencias administrativas y que el 85% de las profesoras de inicial perciben que el servicio que brindan en su escuela es de alta calidad y para el 12,5% el servicio es de calidad, concluyéndose que la influencia de las capacidades administrativas de las directoras fue del 45,63% y sobre la percepción de alta calidad en el servicio que se brinda en las instituciones educativas del nivel inicial de la UGEL 07.
Qualidade de vida e funcionalidade nos pacientes com desordens do manguito rotador
Authors: Albuquerque Ricardo de Almeida , Castro Martha Moreira Cavalcante , Matos Marcos Antonio Almeida , Daltro Carla Hilario da Cunha
Published: February 2019

OBJETIVO: Verificar se existe correlação entre os domínios da qualidade de vida e a funcionalidade nos pacientes com desordens do manguito rotador. MÉTODO: Estudo do tipo transversal com 109 pacientes avaliados entre outubro 2013 e fevereiro 2014. Para avaliar a qualidade de vida foi utilizado o questionário WORC, e as escalas UCLA e ASES para avaliação da funcionalidade. RESULTADO: Amostra de 73 mulheres e 36 homens (média de idade: 52,3 anos+12,8). O ombro avaliado foi o direito em 63 pacientes (57,8%). O WORC apresentou correlação positiva alta com as escalas UCLA (r= 0,73) e ASES (r= 0,77). Ao analisar o WORC verificou-se correlação mais forte com a UCLA no domínio “Trabalho” (r= 0,74), e menor no domínio “Esporte/Recreação” (r= 0,67). Quando comparado o WORC com a ASES identificou-se a maior correlação com o domínio “Trabalho” (r= 0,79) e menor correlação com o domínio “Emoções” (r= 0,64). CONCLUSÃO: Alterações na funcionalidade, frequentes nestas desordens, impactam na qualidade de vida em especial no domínio “Trabalho”.
Aliquotting PCR Primer Mixture v1
Authors: Schackart Kenneth
Published: February 2019

How to take lyophilized PCR primers and dilute and aliquot into useful quantities and concentrations.
PCR Reaction Optimization v1
Authors: Schackart Kenneth
Published: February 2019

How to run nucleic acid amplification using the Thermo scientific PCR Master Mix kit. Each reaction produces 50 μL. For the original protocol, look at: .
test for col #1 v1
Authors: Frolov Ov Vladimir
Published: February 2019

test
Comparison of Physiotherapeutic Intervention Programs on Handgrip Force and Myoelectric Activity in Individuals with COPD
Authors: Moura Suenny Marrocos de Lima , Moura Danilo de Macêdo , Gonçalves Alessandra Feitosa , Silva Maria Alessandra Sipriano da , Winkeler Georgia Freire Paiva , Maciel Simone dos Santos , Martins Clarice Maria de Lucena , Santos Heleodório Honorato dos
Published: February 2019

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) modifies the electrical activity of accessory respiratory muscles, also leading to a marked peripheral muscular dysfunction, measured by the handgrip strength taken as an indicator of total body strength. Objective: To compare the effects of two different physiotherapeutic programs on handgrip strength and myoelectric activity in COPD patients. Methods: Participated in the study 17 individuals, randomly allocated into 2 groups: 1) Maneuvers: 62.7±15.4 years, 1.65±0.12 m, 81.4±18.2 kg, BMI: 29.9±5.0 kg/m2 ; 2) Threshold: 64.4±11.2 years, 1.58±0.08 m, 70.7±9.4 kg, BMI: 28.6±3.7 kg/m2 , diagnosed with COPD, submitted to surface electromyographic (sEMG) evaluation of sternocleidomatoid (SCM) and anterior scalene (AS), and handgrip strength, before and after the interventions. The data were analyzed with SPSS (20.0). Pared t-student and Wilcoxon tests were used to compare mean values of the handgrip strength and the Root Mean Square (RMS) of the sEMG signal (SCM and AS muscles), pre- and post-interventions. In addition, independent t-Student and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare the RMS average of the sEMG signal between the right and left sides. Significant level was set at 5%. Results: When comparing pre and post-intervention values, there was a significant increase for the Threshold group handgrip strength (P=0.037). It was observed a sEMG activity of SCM and AS during dynamometry, vital capacity, forced vital capacity on inspiratory and expiratory pressure (P<0.05) for both analyzed groups. In the comparison of the myoelectric activity between the right and left sides for the SCM and AS, there was a significant difference in handgrip strength (P=0.009) and forced vital capacity (P=0.001) of the SCM muscle, post intervention for the Threshold group. Conclusion: The proposed physiotherapeutic programs improved the overall muscle strength for the Threshold group and the electromyographic activity of SCM and AS in the 2 groups.This study was registered in ReBEC: RBR-4VGP58
Synthetic analogs of vitamin D3 in therapy of psoriasis
Authors: Petrova Inna V. , Radzhabov Rasul M. , Abdulov Abdul R. , Manatov Magomed G. , Glushakov Ruslan I. , Proshin Sergey N.
Published: February 2019

Psoriasis is one of the most common skin diseases and occurs in 1-2% of the population of developed countries. The problem of pathogenetic treatment of psoriasis remains relevant despite the annual appearance of new drugs. The anti-keratinizing effect is particularly important in the treatment of psoriasis. The effect is based on suppression of the proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes, normalization of the differentiation of the nonkeratinizing epithelium and the decrease in the adhesion of horny cells. The last decade is characterized by a deepening of ideas about the biological properties and mechanism of action of vitamin D3. However the vitamin D3 does itself not have therapeutic activity. In this connection the use of synthetic analogues of vitamin D3 which have therapeutic activity is particular of importance.

The aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin D3synthetic analogs for the treatment of psoriasis.

Methods. It was retrospective analysis of multicentric studies by a double-blind, randomized method of the effectiveness of vitamin D3 analogs for the treatment of psoriasis in Russia and foreign clinics. The PASI index in assessing the clinical manifestations of psoriasis.

Rеsults and discussion. The study of the clinical efficacy of oral forms of the vitamin indicates a positive therapeutic effect in 70-90% of patients but this requires an average of 2.8 months. Therefore for the treatment of psoriasis more widely used synthetic analogue of vitamin D3 – calcipotriol (MS-903), developed exclusively for topical application. Calcipotriol gives minimal side effects and has an intense antipsoriatic effect. The mechanism of action of calcipotriol is based on interaction with specific receptors on keratinocytes which causes inhibition of proliferation, accelerates the morphological differentiation of psoriatic cells, inhibits the activity of interleukin-1 and reduces interleukin-2 production, i.e. has an effect on the pathogenetic mechanisms of psoriasis.

Conclusion. Vitamin D3 analogues are effective antipsoriatic drugs that can be used both as monotherapy and in the complex treatment of patients with severe psoriasis.
Modelos de defensa jurídica del Estado
Authors: Restrepo Medina Manuel Alberto
Published: February 2019

Este artículo de reflexión presenta la caracterización de la tipología concentrada de gestión de la defensa jurídica del Estado, ejemplificada con las instituciones gubernamentales de Chile, España y Estados Unidos, como casos representativos por el reconocimiento de sus resultados y por su trayectoria histórica. Para ello, se estudia el régimen legal de tales organismos públicos y sus principales herramientas de gestión: el recurso humano y los sistemas de información. La recolección de la información se hizo con la información disponible en los portales web de las instituciones estudiadas, utilizando como marco de referencia la doctrina especializada sobre la materia.
gobernanza en el ordenamiento territorial local: presencias y ausencias de la participación ciudadana
Authors: Barón Colmenares Miryam Edith
Published: February 2019

A pesar del escaso desarrollo de la política pública de ordenamiento territorial en Colombia, existen importantes mecanismos que regulan la ordenación del territorio, como los Planes de Ordenamiento Territorial (POT), instrumentos determinantes si se atiende la connotación de las decisiones que en estos se adoptan. Estos planes deben contar con un ingrediente cualificado de participación ciudadana, que se traduce en sinónimo de validez de la planificación. Por otra parte, el innegable avance del concepto de gobernanza se hace presente en diversos ambientes, abriéndose camino como una propuesta actual y relevante en materia de relaciones entre lo público y lo privado para la gestión de soluciones comunes a las problemáticas de interés en los territorios. Este estudio analiza las relaciones surgidas entre participación ciudadana y ordenamiento territorial, de cara a la noción de gobernanza como pieza conceptual central.
La construcción de "faits divers" en los "microrrelatos” de Félix Fénéon
Authors: Gutiérrez José Ismael
Published: February 2019

La noticia, los titulares de prensa o la columna periodística son algunos de los precedentes de la minificción contemporánea y con los que esta categoría se ha relacionado intertextualmente. Estos géneros o discursos periodísticos han servido de patrones para la confección de no escasas microformas narrativas. En algunos casos estas contribuciones aparecieron originariamente en las páginas de los periódicos, como las escritas por Félix Fénéon entre mayo y noviembre de 1906. El anarquista y crítico literario y de arte francés se ocupa a lo largo de siete meses de una sección regular en el diario Le Matin. En esa sección debía resumir en menos de 135 caracteres tipográficos acontecimientos de actualidad supuestamente ocurridos en ciudades y en pueblos de Francia. La fórmula que utiliza se basa en lo que se conoce como fait divers. Escrita con mucha ironía y humor negro, la columna de Fénéon recibe el nombre de “Nouvelles en trois lignes”. Partiendo de la caracterización que de esas notas de prensa han hecho diversos críticos, como Roland Barthes y otros, el presente artículo examina el tratamiento de algunos de esos faits divers, al tiempo que reflexiona en torno a la condición ficcional de dichos microtextos.
Una conferencia olvidada de Pío Baroja en 1933, contextualizada en su obra narrativa del año anterior
Authors: García de Juan Miguel Ángel
Published: February 2019

El presente trabajo, que podría subtitularse “un capítulo en el anticomunismo de Pío Baroja”, tiene como eje principal el rescate de un discurso olvidado del escritor vasco, pronunciado en el Ateneo de Madrid el 5 de febrero de 1933. Puesto que dicha disertación versaba acerca de su obra Los visionarios, 1932, se ha considerado oportuno anteponer varios apartados ceñidos al examen de ésta. Tanto la novela como las cuartillas leídas por Baroja en el Ateneo se hallaban inspiradas por los acontecimientos e ideologías pujantes en la España de entonces, entre las que sobresalía la comunista. Su desacuerdo con ella, implícito en la novela y expreso en la aludida actividad de la Docta Casa, le ocasionó una experiencia hasta tal extremo desagradable que, como se comprobará, no olvidó nunca.Por lo que se refiere a los principales materiales manejados para llevar a cabo esta investigación, procede señalar que han sido las obras del escritor y, singularmente, la prensa española de comienzos de los años treinta del pasado siglo.
Los “Inventarios” de José Emilio Pacheco: una ajustada concepción poética
Authors: Rangel López Asunción del Carmen
Published: February 2019

El artículo recorre algunas reflexiones contenidas en los Inventarios de José Emilio Pacheco, las cuales permiten poner a trasluz su concepción poética; ahí se pone de manifiesto un ajustado pensamiento de índole teórica. Los Inventarios se aproximan al deber ser de la crónica literaria, pero dejan de pertenecer a ese género, se degeneran, para convertirse en una forma peculiar de crítica literaria que no es ni académica ni de divulgación. Los elementos discursivos de la crónica van menguando y en su aminoramiento dejan un rastro que permite reconocerlos como crónica, pero contaminada de otra cosa: verso, retrato, anécdota, chisme.
A study on pregnancy outcome in patients with first trimester vaginal bleeding
Authors: H. S. Kavyashree , K. Rajeshwari
Published: February 2019

Background: Vaginal bleeding is a common obstetric problem and a cause of anxiety and worry both to patients and the Obstetrician. The common cause of bleeding in 1st trimester include various types of abortion, ectopic pregnancy and molar pregnancy. This study was conducted to assess the maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnant women who present with first trimester vaginal bleeding.Methods: A Prospective study (Longitudinal study) among pregnant women presenting with First trimester bleeding was conducted for a period from November 2017 to Jan 2019 at Mysore Medical College and Hospital 200 subjects were included into the study by Multiphasic sampling method using a structured questionnaire to collect the data.Results: The study observed that among 200 subjects who were included in the study 123 (61.5%) were non-viable pregnancy and 67 (38.5%) were viable pregnancy. Among 67 viable pregnancy only 30 (47%) had no obstetrical complications, 11 (17.1%) aborted and others had problems of PROM, Preterm labour, Placenta previa, IUGR and IUD.Conclusions: It can be concluded that first trimester bleeding is a predicting factor for obstetric and perinatal complications during pregnancy. Hence it is necessary to increase the knowledge of pregnant women in this regard for closer care. It is also important factor for clinician to be attentive towards first trimester bleeding in providing clinical interventions for the continuation of pregnancy and also reducing the fetal complications in these high-risk pregnancies.
An evaluation of the in-patient feedback services in a tertiary care hospital of Northern India
Authors: Samant Shweta , Saini Ravinder Singh
Published: February 2019

Background: Patient satisfaction is an important indicator of the quality of services provided by any healthcare organization and directly or indirectly affects patient retention, legal issues, revenues, reputation and success of a healthcare organization. Patient’s feedback about the clinical as well as non-clinical services can be recorded for gap analysis and improvement of services.Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out in a large tertiary care hospital in North India from May 2012 to December 2012. A pre-tested internally developed questionnaire was used to collect the data.Results: It was observed that the average satisfaction score was relatively high for the criteria like doctor’s counselling, attitude of nurse and availability and behaviour of attendant. The average scores for medical and nursing care (clinical services) provided in wards were high (70-74% satisfaction). However, approximately 45% and 50% patients were dissatisfied with the housekeeping and dietary services respectively. This resulted in a dip in the overall impression of the hospital services to 68%.Conclusions: The percentage of patients satisfied with the overall services (clinical and non-clinical) of the hospital is only 68% which goes on to prove that the patients’ perception of quality is changing with the times and non-clinical areas like housekeeping, dietary, billing, security services are becoming as important as clinical care services that are provided by hospitals.
“O MOMENTO DA VERDADE”: TECNOLOGIA E POLÍTICA NO MUNDO MODERNO EM CRISE A PARTIR DE HANNAH ARENDT
Authors: Briskievicz Danilo Arnaldo
Published: February 2019

Investigamos no pensamento político de Hannah Arendt (1906-1985) as relações entre o progresso científico e tecnológico com a violência. A partir da análise da crise do mundo moderno trazida pela ascensão do totalitarismo alemão, esclarecemos o papel dos campos de concentração como tecnologia para a mudança da natureza humana tendo como premissas a ideologia e o terror. Por causa dos ataques com bombas atômicas a Hiroshima e Nagazaki, no Japão, dando fim à Segunda Guerra Mundial, avaliamos o receio de que uso constante dessa tecnologia levasse a espécie humana ao seu termo com a temida guerra nuclear. Distinguimos os conceitos de poder e violência a fim de demonstrar que a confusão está fundamentada na banalização do uso da violência e das tecnologias de guerra no mundo moderno e de sua confusão com o fenômeno do poder: a violência não amplia o poder, antes é sinal de sua decadência. Por fim, criticamos o mito do progresso ilimitado da ciência e da tecnologia e sua pretensa melhoria do mundo comum com a dissenção em relação ao sensus communis. Em nosso estudo aproximamos a discussão sobre o uso da tecnologia da política a partir dos conceitos arendtianos.
Acute Toxicity Tests of Basil Leaves (Ocimumsanctum) Ethanolic Extract Determined By LD50 and Renal Histopathology
Authors: Abrori Cholis , Nurfadhila Khana , Sakinah Elly Nurus
Published: February 2019

Basil leaves are widely used as herbal remedies and have proven many benefits because the content of phytonutrients includes antioxidants, but at certain doses a compound retains a probability of causing toxicity in the body. This study aims to determine the acute toxicity of ethanolic extract of basil leaves seen from the value of LD50 range and renal histopathology which is the vital organ of the target of toxicity in the body. The method of acute oral toxicity test was OECD 420 fix dose procedure method with a group of 5 Balb/c female mice given a multilevel dosage. The initial dose is 2000 mg/Kg.b.w selected on a sighting study as a dose that may cause mild toxicity symptoms but does not cause death. There are 2 groups consist of treatment with dose at LD50 value and control. The result of this research showed that LD50 value of ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum > 2000 mg/Kg.b.w. The mean renal histopathologyc scores between the control and the treatment were significantly different by The Mann-Whitney test with significance value of p=0.018. Ocimum sanctum ethanolic extract is classified as non-toxic compounds but there was a change in renal histopathology of mice in the form of focal lesions after acute exposure at highest dose of OECD 420 method.

Keywords: acute toxicity test, renal histopathology, basil leaves
Expereince of Female Genital Cutting and Sexual Satisfaction Among Rural Married Women in El Beheria Goveronorate
Authors: Elwahed Amal Yousef Abd , Ali Wesam Kamal , Ghattas Violet Nicola
Published: February 2019

Background: Female Genital Cutting is a complex issue requiring continuing care for girls and women who may be at risk or may have been undergone this harmful practice.Objective: Assess the experiences of Female Genital Cutting and its relation to sexual satisfaction among rural women in El Beheria Governorate.Design: cross-sectional descriptive design.Settings: The study was carried out at 16 rural health units representing the 16 health zones in El Beheria Governorate.Subjects: A convenience sample of 800 women selected from the previously mentioned setting (50 from each health unit).Tools: Two tools were used for data collection. The first tool was women’s experience of FGC structured interview schedule to identify data related to personal and socio-demographic characteristics, their experience of FGC, as well as their attitude towards FGC, which was assessed through 21 statements in three points Likert scale. The second tool was sexual satisfaction Scale to assess the sexual satisfaction among the married women.Results: Findings of the present study revealed that the majority (90.0%) of the women had undergone FGC. Moreover, less than two thirds (63.0%) of the women had positive attitude toward combating FGC. Additionally, around one tenth 9.8% of the women suffered from low sexual satisfaction compared to 18.4% of them who had high satisfaction. Moreover, significant correlations were found between women’s experience of FGC and their attitude toward it as well as with their sexual satisfaction.Conclusion: The study concluded that FGC is highly prevalent practices among rural women. There are a significant association between women’s experience of FCG and their attitude towards it as well as with the women’s sexual satisfaction.
NoiseModelling: An Open Source GIS Based Tool to Produce Environmental Noise Maps
Authors: Bocher Erwan , Guillaume Gwenaël , Picaut Judicaël , Petit Gwendall , Fortin Nicolas
Published: February 2019

The urbanisation phenomenon and related cities expansion and transport networks entail preventing the increase of population exposed to environmental pollution. Regarding noise exposure, the Environmental Noise Directive demands on main metropolis to produce noise maps. While based on standard methods, these latter are usually generated by proprietary software and require numerous input data concerning, for example, the buildings, land use, transportation network and traffic. The present work describes an open source implementation of a noise mapping tool fully implemented in a Geographic Information System compliant with the Open Geospatial Consortium standards. This integration makes easier at once the formatting and harvesting of noise model input data, cartographic rendering and output data linkage with population data. An application is given for a French city, which consists in estimating the impact of road traffic-related scenarios in terms of population exposure to noise levels both in relation to a threshold value and level classes.
Cache Misses and the Recovery of the Full AES 256 Key
Authors: Briongos Samira , Malagón Pedro , de Goyeneche Juan-Mariano , Moya Jose M.
Published: February 2019

In recent years, CPU caches have revealed themselves as one of the most powerful sources of information leakage. This information leakage affects any implementation whose memory accesses, to data or instructions, depend on sensitive information such as private keys. In most cases, side-channel cache attacks do not require any specific permission and just need access to a shared cache. This fact, combined with the spread of cloud computing, where the infrastructure is shared between different customers, have made these attacks quite popular. In this paper, we present a novel approach to exploit the information obtained from the CPU cache. First, we introduce a non-access attack that provides a 97\% reduction in the number of encryptions required to obtain a 128-bit AES key. Next, this attack is adapted and extended in what we call the encryption-by-decryption cache attack or EBD, to obtain a 256-bit AES key. When EBD is applied to AES-256, we are able to obtain the 256 bits of the key with less than 10000 encryptions. These results make EBD, to the best of our knowledge, the first practical attack on AES-256 and also demonstrate that AES-256 is only about 3 times more complex to attack than AES-128 via cache attacks. In both cases the target is the AES T-table-based implementation, and we also demonstrate that our approach works in a cross-VM scenario.
Digital Image Enhancement in Matlab: An Overview on Histogram Equalization and Specification
Authors: Arif Rezoana Bente , Khan Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman , Siddique Md. Abu Bakr
Published: February 2019

This paper has two major parts. In the first part histogram equalization for the image enhancement was implemented without using the built-in function in MATLAB. Here, at first, a color image of a rat was chosen and the image was transformed into a grayscale image. After this conversion, histogram equalization was implemented on the grayscale image. Later on, in the same image for each RGB channel, histogram equalization was implemented to observe the effect of histogram equalization on each channel. In the end, the histogram equalization was implemented to this specific color image of a rat. In the second part, for the grayscale image in part 1, the desired histogram of another colored image of a rat was introduced and histogram specification was implemented on the original colored image.
Germline Missense Variants in BRCA1: New Trends and Challenges for Clinical Annotation
Authors: Golubeva Volha , Nepomuceno Thales , Monteiro Alvaro
Published: February 2019

Genetic testing allows for identification of germline DNA variations which are associated with a significant increase in risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer. Detection of a BRCA1 or BRCA2 pathogenic variant triggers several clinical management actions, which may include increased surveillance and prophylactic surgery for healthy carriers or treatment with PARP inhibitor therapy for carriers diagnosed with cancer. Thus, standardized validated criteria for annotation of BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants according to their pathogenicity are necessary to support clinical decision making and ensure improved outcomes. Upon detection, variants whose pathogenicity can be inferred by the genetic code are typically classified as pathogenic, likely pathogenic, likely benign, or benign. Variants whose impact on function cannot be directly inferred by the genetic code are labeled as Variants of Uncertain Clinical Significance (VUS) and are evaluated by multifactorial likelihood models that use personal and family history of cancer, segregation data, prediction tools, and co-occurrence with a pathogenic BRCA variant. Missense variants, coding alterations that replace a single amino acid residue with another, are a class of variants for which determination of clinical relevance is particularly challenging. Here, we discuss current issues in variant classification by following a typical life cycle of a BRCA1 missense variant through detection, annotation and information dissemination. Advances in massively parallel sequencing have led to a substantial increase in VUS findings. Although comprehensive assessment and classification of missense variants according to their pathogenicity remains the bottle neck, new developments in functional analysis, high throughput assays, data sharing, and statistical models are rapidly changing this scenario.
الوسطية الإسلامية في رواية يوما ما كنت إسلاميا للكاتب أحمد أبو خليل
Authors: Hidayah Nur
Published: February 2019

Islamic moderation is the Islamic balance which includes all aspects of Islam, whether in the way of thinking and practical application. This word has another meaning, which are the best, ideal, proportion and moderation. But the emergence of Islamic movements such as Salafism, Muslim Brotherhood, or jama’ah Tabligh and Da'wah, which have acknowledged its centrality, has alienated Islam from its true moderation. Novel Yauman Ma Kuntu Islamiyyan by the Egyptian writer Ahmed Abu Khalil is a story about the main character, the generation who grew up in the environment of the Muslim Brotherhood and was influenced by the concept of these movements while searching for the true way of Islamic life. This study aims to understanding the concept of Islamic moderation of a main character by knowing the concept of Islamic moderation presented by the writer in this novel. This study will be conducted the social elements involved in this literary work to understand the social phenomena existing outside the literary text.
Celebrating the Publication of the 30th Anniversary Issue
Authors: Arai Tatsuo ,   The fourth Editor-in-Chief Professor, Beijing Institute of Technology, Visiting Professor, The University of Electro-Communications, Professor Emeritus, Osaka University
Published: February 2019

I congratulate the Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics (JRM) on the publication of its 30th anniversary issue. As one of JRM’s past Editors-in- Chief, I am extremely pleased and proud of this great achievement. JRM was the first journal dealing with robotics and mechatronics in the world when it was launched thirty years ago. Since then, the journal has made a strong impact on the robotics and mechatronics field. It has been hard for the journal to provide high quality issues for so many years. I would like to sincerely express my great respect to Mr. Hayashi, founder and former president of Fuji Technology Press Ltd.; former Editors-in-Chief Prof. Yamafuji, Prof. Fukuda, and Prof. Kaneko; the current Editor-in-Chief, Prof. Takita; and our colleagues, including the editorial board and editorial staff, for their hard work. I would also like to express my great appreciation to all the authors, reviewers, and readers for their superb contributions. This grand thirty-year achievement could not have been attained without all their contributions.

I was Editor-in-Chief for seven years ‒ volumes 19 through 25 ‒ beginning in January 2007. I enjoyed my role as Editor-in-Chief, since many young, talented researchers and engineers took part in the editorial process, and I could discuss with them how we would achieve a high-quality journal. I remember clearly how hard they worked to edit superlative volumes by proposing and organizing special issues with up-to-date topics. During that period, we had the good fortune of collaborating with the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME). They supported us in providing committee members for our editorial board, and in collecting and reviewing the many excellent papers. I would also express my thanks to JSME for their abundant and generous support. Because of it, JRM achieved a high reputation and contributed to both academia and industry.

Today there are many relevant journals in the world. Competing with them and producing an even higher quality journal than ever before are the most critical issues in the next step of JRM’s advancement. I applaud the current editorial board members and staff and expect JRM to become the very top journal in the field. In conclusion, I hope I can celebrate with you ten and twenty years from now, again and again!

Tatsuo Arai
Congratulations on the 30th Anniversary of the JRM
Authors: Takita Yoshihiro ,   The fifth Editor-in-Chief, Professor, National Defense Academy of Japan
Published: February 2019

Congratulations to the Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics (JRM) on its 30th anniversary. I would like to thank all authors and readers who have contributed to the JRM through 30 years.

The JRM started as an English-language journal published to provide articles on robot technologies to the world from Japan. It has been jointly edited by the Robotics and Mechatronics Division (RMD) of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME) and Fuji Technology Press Ltd. Five years ago, when the English-language journal of the JSME was reorganized, the JRM also underwent some changes, and it has since been issued under the editorial direction of Fuji Technology Press Ltd. Immediately after the reorganization, beginning with Vol.26, I was appointed Editor-in-Chief. Now, as five years have passed, the next Editor-in-Chief will take over from Vol.31. Over these five years, the number of submissions and their quality have been our major concern, as we have been seeking to register the JRM with the Science Citation Index (SCI). To achieve this goal, we have published special issues on the robot technologies required as the field has progressed as well as on the mechatronics technologies that underlie them.

The JRM plans to continue providing the world with information on robot technologies, so please keep reading it and submitting your articles to it on a regular basis.

Yoshihiro Takita
Dynamic Intelligent Systems Based on High-Speed Vision
Authors: Senoo Taku , Yamakawa Yuji , Huang Shouren , Koyama Keisuke , Shimojo Makoto , Watanabe Yoshihiro , Miyashita Leo , Hirano Masahiro , Sueishi Tomohiro , Ishikawa Masatoshi ,   Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan,   Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-5452, Japan,   School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology G2-31, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
Published: February 2019

This paper presents an overview of the high-speed vision system that the authors have been developing, and its applications. First, examples of high-speed vision are presented, and image-related technologies are described. Next, we describe the use of vision systems to track flying objects at sonic speed. Finally, we present high-speed robotic systems that use high-speed vision for robotic control. Descriptions of the tasks that employ high-speed robots center on manipulation, bipedal running, and human-robot cooperation.
Research on Snoring Recognition Algorithms
Authors: Dan Yongping , Song Yaming , Wang Dongyun , Zhang Fenghui , Liu Wei , Lu Xiaohui ,   School of Electric and Information Engineer, Zhongyuan University of Technology No.41 Zhangyuan Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450007, China,   College of Information Engineering, Huanghuai University 6 Kai Yuan Road, Zhumadian, Henan 463000, China
Published: February 2019

A snoring recognition algorithm based on machine learning is proposed to effectively and precisely recognize snoring. To obtain a dataset, the speech endpoint detection algorithm and Mel frequency cepstrum coefficient feature extraction algorithm are applied to process speech signal samples. The dataset is classified into snoring and nonsnoring data (other speech signals) using support vector machines. Experimental results show that the algorithm recognizes snoring signals with a high accuracy rate of 97% and positively impacts subsequent research and related engineering applications.
TAOYAKA-III: A Six-Legged Robot Capable of Climbing Various Columnar Objects
Authors: Ito Kazuyuki ,   Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hosei University 3-7-2 Kajino-cho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8584, Japan, Aoyagi Ryushi , Homma Yoshihiro
Published: February 2019

Inspection and maintenance of large industrial plants are important tasks expected of robots. Furthermore, it is expected that an autonomous robot will be able to climb various arbitrary columnar objects, such as pipes, pillars, and trees. These tasks would be very difficult for conventional robots, because most must first assess the shape of the object and control many bodily degrees of freedom in order to climb. In our previous work, we developed a flexible manipulator, inspired by an octopus, which could grasp various objects without sensors or controls. Its flexible body passively adapted to differences in the objects’ features. In this research, we apply that mechanism to a six-legged climbing robot, which can climb arbitrary columnar objects without first sensing their shapes.
Operator-Based Robust Nonlinear Control Analysis and Design for a Bio-Inspired Robot Arm with Measurement Uncertainties
Authors: Wang Aihui , Ma Zhengxiang , Luo Jianmin ,   School of Electric and Information Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology 41 Zhongyuan Road, Zhengzhou 450007, China No.2, Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450015, China
Published: February 2019

In this paper, a robust nonlinear tracking control design for a bio-inspired robot arm with human-like motion mechanism is investigated, and the bio-inspired operator controller based on human multi-joint viscoelastic properties is designed by using operator-based robust right coprime factorization approach. The motion mechanism of human multi-joint arm is used, and the measurement uncertainties of human multi-joint arm viscoelasticity are considered in designing bio-inspired operator controller. Based on the proposed design scheme, the sufficient conditions for the robust stability are derived in considering the coupling effects and measurement uncertainties, and the output tracking performance is realized. The effectiveness of the proposed design scheme was confirmed by the simulation results based on experimental data, and the time-varying estimated experimental data of human multi-joint arm viscoelasticity is used in simulation.
Experimental Analysis of Acoustic Field Control-Based Robot Navigation
Authors: Tsunoda Yusuke ,   Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, Sueoka Yuichiro , Osuka Koichi
Published: February 2019

This paper proposes novel robot navigation methods that utilize strong interaction between a designed field and a robot controller. In recent years, several studies have demonstrated the importance of interactions between different subject types (e.g., human-robot interaction, robot-environment interaction) instead of just that between a robot controller and an isolated subject. This study explores therobot-field interactiondesign to realize autonomous robot navigation, and verifies the proposed methods experimentally. We prepare acoustic navigation trails from the start to the goal; one is generated from multiple sounds with identical frequencies, while the other is generated from multiple sounds with different frequencies. For each field controller, both the dynamic acoustic trail and the static acoustic trail, two types ofstaticrobot controllers are designed based only on thepresentsensor data,namely, gradient-following controller and sound-habituation controller. The former is a microphone-array based controller for robots equipped with multiple microphones, while the latter is designed for robots with a single microphone. Throughout the real-world demonstration, we show the validity of our proposed methods.
Three-Fingered Robot Hand with Gripping Force Generating Mechanism Using Small Gas Springs - Mechanical Design and Basic Experiments –
Authors: Tanaka Junya ,   Corporate Research & Development Center, Toshiba Corporation 1 Komukai Toshiba-cho, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 212-8582, Japan
Published: February 2019

This paper presents the mechanical design of a new three-fingered robot hand for a robot designed to handle tableware. The finger mechanism has three joints and consists of a pair of fourbar linkage mechanisms, one small gas spring, and one feed screw mechanism. As the feed screw moves, the finger mechanism performs flexion and extension operations with its joints interlocked. The gas spring generates gripping force, which is adjusted at the position of the moving part moved by the feed screw. Therefore, the three-fingered robot hand can open and close synchronously, powered by a single motor in the base of the hand. The hand grips with mechanical flexibility. In addition, it can maintain its grip with no power supply. Tests show that the hand can successfully perform the movements required to grasp various kinds of tableware.
Antioxidant and Antibacterial Effects of Some Medicinal Plants of Iran
Authors: MOHAMMADİ Samira , PİRİ Khosro , DİNARVAND Mehri
Published: February 2019

Medicinal plants used in
the treatment of diseases earlier times are potential sources of new drugs. The
present study was undertaken to study the chemical composition, antioxidant
and antibacterial activity of certain medicinal plants of Iran by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS), DPPH and disk diffusion method. According to the
results of GC/MS, there are 46 kinds of chemical compounds including mucilage,
fatty acids, flavonoid and diterpenes in flower of Echium khuzistanicum.
There are aldehydes (7.9%), phenols (7.5%), fatty acids (5.8%) and furfural
(5.4%) in the methanol extract of Echinops cephalotes. Furfural,
steroids, vitamin B and flavonoids are the main compounds of Marrubium
anisodan. Results of the antibacterial test showed that Staphylococcus
aureus and Bacillus subtilis were more sensitive to methanol extract
of Echium khuzistanicum root. Pseudomonas auruginosa was more
sensitive to DMSO extract of Marrubium anisodan at 600 mg/ml
concentration. Maximum flavonoid and phenol contents were belonging to Echinops
cephalotes. Marrubium anisodan showed the best DPPH free radical
scavenging activity.