bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Latinos, African Americans and the Coalitional Case for a Federal Jobs Program
Authors: Aja Alan A. , Darity William , Hamilton Darrick
Published: May 2019

In the late 1970s, amidst growing unemployment in black and Latino communities, the newly-formed Congressional Hispanic Caucus (CHC) supported the Congressional Black Caucus (CBC) in its call for full employment in the run up to the passage of the Humphrey-Hawkins Act of 1 978. Never fully implemented, the act has been de facto an unfunded mandate for close to 40 years. Only recently has it been resurrected by a handful of lawmakers, while both discussion and support for a national jobs program has begun to gain steam in the media and the general public. With support from labor market research and other empirical evidence, we propose and outline for a bold policy: a National Investment Employment Corps to provide a permanent job guarantee for all citizens with the purpose of maintaining and expanding the nation's physical and human infrastructure. Given the disproportionate effect of the recent economic downturn and labor market bias on African Americans and Latinos, we argue that a National Investment Employment Corps program would address the employment needs for blacks and Latinos by assuring full-employment and simultaneously ensuring long-term benefits for the nation's well-being.
Tribal-led People's Resistance in Transition: 1765-1800
Authors: Bhattacharyya Ananda
Published: May 2019

The year 1799 A.D. is marked in the annals of Midnapore as the year of the great Chuar Rebellion when all the Adivasis, Sirdars and paiks broke out in a rebellion. They wanted the restoration of their Jagir lands which the British had forcibly resumed earlier. It was a formidable resistance of the Adivasis against the colonial regime. The lawless tribes of the jungle mehal made common cause with the paiks and peasants and carried slaughter and flame to the very doors of the Magistrate's cutcherry. The plundered booty on some occasions was distributed among the ryots. The threat to burn the town and to plunder revenue was no doubt a form of anti-colonial resistance against the East India Company.
Discursive and Processual Socialization of the Mass into Acts of Violence: the Case of Rwandan Genocide
Authors: Hussein Jeylan Wolyie
Published: May 2019

This article analyses discursive and processual socialization of the masses into acts of violence during the Rwandan genocide of 1 994. The discursive aspects of the socialization include discourses of dehumanization, ethnic extremism and the dynamics of public socialization into violence and other acts of savagery. The processual dimension of the socialization refers to the violentization process. The article tries to show that the discursive and the processual aspects of socialization reinforced each other. It analyses the ideological and linguistic mechanisms mobilized in Rwanda to foment hatred and whip the masses into atrocities. The article, in addition, tries to explain the genocide through diverse social psychological theories and illustrate the interaction between the leaders' political agitation of the masses towards extermination and the perpetrators' action on the ground. The article argues that no single theory can fully explain the incomprehensible genocide since it was the result of a complex intermarriage between social, ideological and moral forces. It also examines the role of cultural and linguistic resources in the violentization process. On the basis of the analysis, the article recommends what should be done to prevent similar atrocities in Africa.
The Integral Nature of Ethnicity and Religion during Northern Ireland’s Troubles
Authors: Crowley Peter
Published: May 2019

Northern Ireland’s Troubles conflict, like many complex conflicts through the world, has often been conceived as considerably motivated by religious differences. This paper demonstrates that religion was often integrated into an ethno-religious identity that fueled sectarian conflict between Protestants and Catholics in Northern Ireland during the Troubles period. Instead of being a religious-based conflict, the conflict derived from historical divides of power, land ownership, and civil and political rights in Ireland over several centuries. It relies on 12 interviews, six Protestants and six Catholics, to measure their use of religious references when referring to their religious other. The paper concludes that in the overwhelming majority of cases, both groups did not use religious references, supporting the hypothesis on the integrated nature of ethnicity and religion during the Troubles. It offers grounding for looking into the complex nature of sectarian and seemingly religious conflicts throughout the world, including cases in which religion acts as more of a veneer to deeply rooted identities and historical narratives.
African Americans and the Crisis of Modernity
Authors: King Eric S.
Published: May 2019

This article examines Lorraine Hansberry’s play A Raisin in the Sun by exploring the conflict between a traditionally Southern, Afro-Christian, communitarian worldview and certain more destabilizing elements of the worldview of modernity. In addition to examining the socio-economic problems confronted by some African Americans in the play, this article investigates the worldviews by which these Black people frame their problems as well as the dynamics within the relationships of a Black family that lives at the intersection of racial, class, and gender inequality in Chicago during the latter 1950s.
Gifted and Black
Authors: Duran Jane
Published: May 2019

With a focus especially on The Sign in Sidney Brustein’s Window, this article argues that Hansberry’s work is, in a sense, underappreciated. Hansberry’s fame relies chiefly on A Raisin in the Sun, and critics have often failed to appreciate Brustein because of its general allusion to life in the Village and comparative lack of adherence to Black topics. The article however argues that this is an indicator of Hansberry’s overall strength as an author, rather than a weakness. The article assesses the work’s importance with allusions to Anne Cheney and comparisons to the writing of August Wilson. It additionally explores her upbringing in the Black bourgeosie.
“Why Are All the White Students Sitting in the Back of Class?” A Critical Race Theory Approach to Race Dialogue in Ethnic Studies†
Authors: Quinney Dominick N.
Published: May 2019

Ethnic Studies classrooms in many respects are spaces wherein healing, solidarity, and social change occur, particularly surrounding discussions about race. The discussion around race is a language in itself—complete with levels of engagement. Students from privileged groups may not have many opportunities to explore the language of race and marginalization, thus being an “outsider” to the language of these experiences. This often times leads to miscommunication and missing meaningful engagement toward collective social action and change in classroom spaces. As a result, students have powerful emotional responses to these topics, and if students’ affective and intellectual responses are not acknowledged and respected, teachers can be met with what is perceived as impermeable resistance. Drawing from the framework of Critical Race Theory, this qualitative work presents tenets of race as a language that allows for understanding identity formation and entry point into conversations of race and ethnicity. Furthermore, consistent dialogue as a way of gaining proficiency and a space for marginalized identities to share their lived experiences as a way to build upon their proficiency. This research assists in expanding the work in the pedagogy of Ethnic Studies as a space to radically connect, heal, and implement social change.
Take a Little Trip on the AZ Side
Authors: Jaime-Diaz Jesus
Published: May 2019

Studies have shown that high school students feel “othered” within schools. This is particularly true of working-class communities. The former dominates the literature in relation to social class within educational studies. What needs to be addressed is how surveillance is enacted within pedagogy in everyday practices within schools. This paper draws on an empirical study of 17 high school students and 5 teachers who were interviewed through semi-structured interviews and platicas. Three key themes arise from their conversations covered in this paper:security, social distance, and the understanding of discipline. I argue that the most holistic way to understand such phenomena is to apply an interdisciplinary approach, through education, ethnic studies, and spirituality, but it is not limited to these. The paper concludes that we must interrogate the genealogy of education and what is seldom scrutinized as a norm, the structure of schooling.
Pathologic Changes in the Liver During Acute Exposure to Clozapine and Its Combination with Ethanol (Experimental Study)
Authors: Romanova O. L. , Sudukov D. V. , Golubev M. A. , Blagonravov M. L. , Goshkoev V. V. , Churilov A. A.
Published: May 2019

Purpose: identification of pathological changes in the liver at early stages of the effect of clozapine and clozapine combined with ethanol to improve the diagnosis of this acute exposure.

Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on outbred male rats (n=15). The animals were split into 3 groups, 5 animals in each: 1) control (intact rats); 2) clozapine, 3) clozapine and ethanol. Clozapine at a dose of 150 mg/kg of the animal’s body weight was administered orally under anesthesia (chloralose), clozapine (150 mg/kg) with ethanol at a dose of 5 ml/kg — orally. Rats were removed from the experiment after 3 hours by decapitation. Samples of liver tissue were studied using light microscopy. During histological examination, the following morphological signs were evaluated: blood circulation disorder (presence of venous, capillary, and arterial congestion, appearance of venous hemorrhage), absence of nuclei staining, cytoplasm lumpiness, cytoplasm vacuolation, presence of necrosis foci, appearance of cellular response (a large quantity of leukocytes per power field). The assessment was done using the F-test. Forensic chemical analysis was carried out using a high-performance liquid chromatograph equipped with a mass detector. The content of clozapine, norclozapine, and clozapine-N-oxide in blood serum and liver homogenate of rats was evaluated.

Results. In the control group, no pathological changes in liver tissue were observed. 3 hours after clozapine administration, venous congestion was detected. 3 hours after administration of clozapine and ethanol combination, venous congestion and absence hepatocyte nuclei staining were observed. It was found that after combined administration of clozapine and ethanol, the blood serum clozapine was 1.94-fold and clozapine-N-oxide was 2.3-fold lower than when clozapine was administered as a single drug while the content of norclozapine showed no difference.

Conclusion. Changes detected in the liver, together with changes in other organs and findings of the forensic chemical analysis, allow establishing the fact of clozapine poisoning. Understanding of the processes going on in the body during such intoxications helps rendering medical assistance to victims more effectively.
Anesthetic Management of Patients with a Type A Aortic Dissection
Authors: Silvay G. , Khromava M. , Weiner M. , Augoustides J. G. , Castillo J. G.
Published: May 2019

«It is type of surgery that is not for the lone operator… Team is of course essential in the operating theater, where in addition to the surgical and nursing assistants, the anesthesiologist plays a part of fundamental importance which deserves a special tribute.»  Russel C. Brock, 1949 

Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) for the adult aortic arch repair is still associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Furthermore, there is significant variation in the conduct of this complex perioperative technique. The variation in the practice of DHCA has not been adequately characterized and may offer multiple therapeutic opportunities for outcome enhancement and reduction of procedural risk. The International Aortic Arch Study Group (IAASSG) was recently organized to investigate an optimal neuroprotection during the thoracic aortic reconstruction.
Seed treatment with silicon on initial growth of soybean (Glycine max) cultivars
Authors: Sousa Victor Hugo de Carvalho , De Meneses Anderson Tenório , Rodrigues Eduardo Vieira , Gonçalves Anderson Carlos de Melo , Da Silva Toshik Iarley , Rodrigues Rummenigge De Macêdo , Dos Santos Petrônio Donato , De Souza Leossávio César
Published: May 2019

Soybean (Glycine max) is a crop of high economic power in the world, being used to produce vegetable oil, as well as a source of food for animals and humans. Recent research indicates that nutrient application in the seed stage contributes to the early and productive development of crops. Since silicon (Si), as a nutrient for plants, acts in the cellular structure and the formation and performance of plant architecture, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of silicon application via seeds on the initial growth of three soybean cultivars. The experimental design was a randomized block. The treatments were replicated three times and distributed in a 3×5 factorial scheme, composed by three soybean cultivars (C1 - FTR 1186 IPRO, C2 - FTR 1192 IPRO and C3 - FTR 3190 IPRO) and five silicon doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 g per 100 kg of seeds). The data were submitted to ANOVA by F-test and polynomial regression analysis for the silicon doses; the cultivars response was evaluated through the Tukey mean test. The treatment of soybean seeds with silicon did not positively influence the root dry mass of the FTR 1192 IPRO, nor the root length and root diameter of the FTR 1186 IPRO. The application of silicon did not influence the FTR 3190 IPRO.
Dependency, colonization, and growth in Gmelina arborea inoculated with five strains of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
Authors: Ramírez-Gil Joaquin Guillermo
Published: May 2019

Gmelina arborea is a forest species of increasing use in the establishment of commercial plantations in Colombia. The areas where it is currently planted are deficient in nutrients, so the use of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) can be an alternative to improve phosphoric fertilization. The aim of this work was to determine the mycorrhizal dependency, colonization, and growth of G. arborea when it is inoculated with Rhizoglomus fasciculatum, Rhizoglomus aggregatum, Rhizoglomus irregulare, Glomus fistulosum, and Entrophospora colombiana, under different concentrations of phosphorus (P) in a soil solution. A completely randomized design was used with a 6×3 factorial arrangement, five AFM strains + control (uninoculated) and three P doses (0.002, 0.02, and 0.2 mg L-1) with five replicates per each treatment and twice through time. Mycorrhizal colonization and dependency, foliar concentration of P, dry biomass, leaf area, and height were evaluated. A moderate mycorrhizal dependency was obtained under a P concentration of 0.002 and 0.02 mg L-1 and inoculation with R. fasciculatum, R. aggregatum, and R. irregulare while inoculation with G. fistulosum and E. colombiana produced a marginal dependency. It was found a negative effect on G. arborea inoculated with all AMF strains under 0.2 mg L-1 of P. Mycorrhizal colonization presented values between 62.5 - 2.5% for all the AMF evaluated, influenced by AFM strains and P concentration. Plants inoculated with R. fasciculatum, R. aggregatum, and R. irregulare showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in their growth. Mycorrhizal dependency and colonization in G. arborea and its growth were highly influenced by species of AMF and amount of P.
Stability of a colloidal suspension of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) intended for spray drying
Authors: Arango Torres Maria Isabel , Cortés Rodriguez Misael , Largo Ávila Esteban
Published: May 2019

Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) is a tuber with a high content of active compounds that offer health benefits, so its productive chain seeks new alternatives to generate yacon products with added value; however, it tends to be a perishable product due to its high aw, chemical composition, and enzymatic activity. The influence of both composition and homogenization in the colloidal stability of yacon suspensions was evaluated for later use in spray drying. Response surface methodology and a central composite design were used, considering three independent variables: homogenization time (TH) (4-6 min), xanthan gum (XG) (0.1-0.2%), and acidity (0.1-0.3%); and the following dependent variables: zeta potential (ζ), color (CIELab), viscosity (μ), stability index by spectral absorption (R), and particle size (D10, D50, and D90). The values of the independent variables that best fit the experimental optimization criteria were: XG=0.16%, acid=0.3%, and TH=4.8 min. The values of the experimental dependent variables and the variables predicted by the quadratic model were ζ=-33.8±4.0 and -37.6 mV, µ=1143.0±93.4 and 1000 cP, R=0.45±0.1 and 0.48, D10=127.8±8.2 and 138.1 µm, D50=251.2±16.3 and 267.7 µm, D90=424.3±28.7 mm and 463.9 µm, L*=41.7±1.4 and 41.8, a*=0.02±0.85 and 1.6, and b*=15.0±1.3 and 14.8, respectively. The colloidal suspension showed adequate physicochemical stability, favored mainly by repulsive forces, homogenization, and rheology of the continuous phase; reaching a content of total solids of 12.5%.
La sintaxis en la competencia discursiva del estudiantado universitario de las áreas no humanísticas: Una propuesta pedagógica
Authors: Evangelista Huari Desiderio José , Evangelista Padilla Evelyn Katty
Published: May 2019

Una de las actividades recurrentes que enfrenta la población estudiantil durante su permanencia en la universidad es la composición de textos académicos. Para ello, dicha población debe contar con una competencia discursiva desarrollada. Sin embargo, quienes pertenecen a las áreas no humanísticas presentan muchas deficiencias cuando redactan. Por esa razón, realizamos una investigación cuasi experimental y de interpretación cualitativa. Nuestro objetivo es mostrar la eficacia del uso de una sintaxis básica de la lengua española en el proceso de aprendizaje y, de este modo, logren redactar textos coherentes y cohesionados. Para este efecto, seleccionamos una muestra de 50 discentes pertenecientes a las áreas de Ingeniería y de Arquitectura de la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería (Perú). De esta muestra, 25 estudiantes de la especialidad de Ingeniería Económica forman el grupo de control y 25 integrantes de la especialidad de Arquitectura constituyen el grupo cuasi experimental. Después de tomar una prueba pretest a toda la muestra, aplicamos al grupo cuasi experimental la estrategia metodológica mencionada. Esta estrategia consiste en organizar textos breves mediante el uso de una sintaxis básica. Además, las secuencias oracionales deben enlazarse mediante mecanismos de cohesión como la repetición, la sustitución y la elisión para controlar la progresión temática. Concluida la aplicación de la estrategia propuesta, tomamos una evaluación de salida (postest) para conocer los resultados obtenidos. Las conclusiones que se incluyen en este artículo nos permiten corroborar la eficacia de esta estrategia para afianzar la competencia discursiva de la persona discente.
University students´ perception of exposure to various English accents and their production
Authors: Charpentier-Jiménez William
Published: May 2019

This article presents students’ perception of English accent varieties in a BA in English and a BA in English Teaching. The purpose of this study was to find out higher education students’ opinions on the incorporation of further English accents in their major. Until now, this topic has not been deeply studied in the Costa Rican context.  Results were obtained from a 16-point survey answered by 77 participants. Based on these results, the writer explains that a need to include a variety of native and non-native English accents exists and that a language program would benefit from it. The results demonstrate that 76.6% of students consider being able to imitate several types of English accents important, while 93.5% believe that what is important is being able to recognize and understand several accents. Data show that the majority of students consider the incorporation of various types of accents in their major essential. In practical terms, these results should promote a curricular change where several types of English accents should be incorporated.
Formación profesional en el campo de la Educación en el contexto actual: Aristas y puntos ciegos
Authors: Salas Madriz Flora Eugenia
Published: May 2019

En este ensayo se examina la formación profesional en Educación en un contexto global y local complejo, marcado por el cambio social, económico, político y cultural, donde fuerzas tradicionales y transformadoras están en tensión; entre ellas, la visión empírico-analítica de la ciencia moderna y los nuevos enfoques teórico-epistemológicos posmodernos. Al respecto, se propone que la formación profesional en Educación se debe analizar a partir de paradigmas más ajustados a las características de los fenómenos sociales contemporáneos, cuya característica más significativa es la complejidad creciente. A partir de los aportes teórico-epistemológicos y metodológicos de la Teoría de los Sistemas Sociales de Niklas Luhmann y la Teoría de la Complejidad de Edgar Morin, se construye un modelo para la descripción, comprensión y explicación de la profesionalización docente, la cual se entiende como un sistema que contiene en su estructura y funciones, los subsistemas de la formación de grado, posgrado y a lo largo de la vida laboral, que expresa, a su vez, relaciones internas, entre subsistemas y con la sociedad (entorno). Se deriva del modelo que de la forma, relaciones y desarrollo de los niveles de formación docente es posible planificar, controlar, administrar y evaluar el desempeño profesional docente y, en consecuencia, el sistema de formación como un todo; razón por la cual, el modelo propuesto sirve de referente para identificar áreas de mejora, así como problemas estructurales y funcionales de la profesionalización docente, que no es posible detectar ni explicar, a partir de un enfoque empírico-analítico del fenómeno.
Modelación dialéctica de la estadística desde el enfoque histórico cultural: El objeto de estudio y su medición
Authors: Umaña Carrillo Roy
Published: May 2019

En este ensayo se propone la modelación dialéctica de los conceptos de la estadística en perspectiva histórico genética fundamentada en el método de ascenso de lo abstracto a lo concreto. La finalidad del trabajo es orientar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los conceptos estadísticos en los cursos introductorios de diversas carreras universitarias y en cursos de actualización, de manera que se supere la forma generalmente superficial, fraccionada y ahistórica como se presentan las abstracciones formales en los libros de texto. Se logró otorgarle unidad a lo diverso en las dos dimensiones: el objeto de estudio, en su parte fenoménica y en los fundamentos de las escalas de medición y a su vez, enriquecer con más determinaciones los diferentes conceptos particulares según sus constantes e invariantes. Por aspectos de espacio, no se incluyó la forma en que lidia la estadística con sus fenómenos particulares, pues esta se reserva para una futura entrega.
Euphausiids (Euphausiacea) off Malpelo Island, Colombian Eastern Tropical Pacific
Authors: Rivera Gómez Marisol , Giraldo Alan
Published: May 2019

Euphausiids migrate vertically in the water column as part of their diel cycle. These migrations make them a key element in the biological pump of the pelagic environment. We took stratified zooplankton samples (0-50, 50-100, and 100-150 m) during the Pacífico-ERFEN campaign in September 2012 to evaluate the vertical distribution of euphausiids around Malpelo Island (3.8 - 4.2 N, 81.4 - 81.8 W). A total of 10 species belonging to four genera were identified. Euphausia diomedeae was the most abundant species in the 0-50 and 100-150 m layers, whereas E. distinguenda was the most abundant species in the 50-100 m layer. Based on quasi-Poisson generalized linear distribution models we found that abundance in the 50-100 m layer was significantly higher than in the 100-150 m layer (t = 3.05, p < 0.05). There were no significant differences associated with sampling hour (diurnal/nocturnal) (t = 0.07, p = 0.94). We calculated a vertical distribution index (VDI) based on abundance, which showed that euphausiid species were concentrated in the 50-100 m layer during day and night. Calyptopis larvae dominated in abundance at all depth layers, followed by furcilia larvae, juveniles and adults. The abundance of the latter increased gradually from the most superficial layer to the deepest layer, whereas juveniles showed the opposite pattern. This is the first study to describe the taxonomic composition, and vertical and spatial distribution of euphausiids associated with Malpelo Island, Colombian Pacific.
Essential oil composition in natural population of Lippia origanoides (Verbenaceae) during dry and rainy seasons
Authors: Souza Luciana Mendes , Fonseca Francine Sousa Alves , Silva Julio Cesar , Silva Amanda , Silva Julian , Martins Ernane
Published: May 2019

Lippia origanoides Kunth. is a medicinal shrub native to some countries in South America, Central America and the Caribbean. This study aims to investigate the chemical composition of the essential oil and the genetic diversity of a natural population of Lippia origanoides in two seasons. Leaf samples were collected from 30 individuals in the dry and rainy seasons. The essential oil was extracted into a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The relative quantification of thymol and carvacrol was performed by gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the genetic divergence between plants. Carvacrol was the major compound found in most plants for both seasons. In the rainy season, plant 15 presented thymol as the major compound, and plants 16, 27, 28 and 29 presented camphor as the major compound. In the dry season, thymol remained the main compound of plant 15 and camphor remained the main compound of plants 16, 28 and 29; however, plant 27 presented carvacrol as the main compound in this season. After carvacrol, the compounds with the highest content were γ-terpinene, p-cymene and methyl-ether-thymol. Of the 30 plants studied, only five differed in their chemical composition, showing some degree of stability in relation to the dry and rainy seasons. There was no variation in the main compounds between the two seasons, but there was chemical diversity among the main compounds. Tocher grouping revealed five distinct groups, with group 1 including most of the plants in both dry and rainy seasons, indicating that the time of year evaluated did not significantly interfere with the essential oil composition of most plants.
Microbialite-like structures in Cladophora sp. (Ulvophyceae) mats from a subtropical Andean basin: ecological implications
Authors: Fernández Hugo R. , Gonzalez Achem Ana Lucia , Correa Marcela , Albarracín Virginia H.
Published: May 2019

The solubility equilibrium of calcite is influenced by physicochemical, climatic and biological factors. Annual cycles of exceptionally prolonged drought, in conjunction with naturally occurring diffuse organic pollution, generate the unique conditions for the precipitation of lithified carbonate structures (microbialites). The aim of this article is to analyze the possible implications of calcite precipitation produced in mats of Cladophora sp. in an Andean subtropical basin, considering it is the first time this phenomenon is described for the region. We collected samples from selected sites at the Lules River Basin, in four sampling dates between the years 2003 and 2004, within a monitoring work of 15 years. Samples were analyzed using an electron microscope and X-ray diffraction analysis. We found that Gomphonema sp. attached to Cladophora sp. contributes to precipitation of calcite and formation of microbialite like structures, in the studied area. This work presents an initial discussion of the discovery of microbialites-like structures attached to Cladophora sp. mats in a subtropical Andean stream and the environmental conditions that lead to their production, as well as the possible ecological implications of these microbialites.
Las angiospermas epífitas de la región terrestre prioritaria Cerros Negro-Yucaño, Oaxaca, México
Authors: Gomez-Escamilla Ivonne Nayeli , Espejo-Serna Adolfo , López-Ferrari Ana Rosa , Krömer Thorsten
Published: May 2019

El conocimiento sobre la riqueza y la distribución de las plantas epifítas vasculares es aún incompleto en muchas áreas de México. Un ejemplo es la región terrestre prioritaria (RTP) Cerros Negro-Yucaño, que se ubica en el noroeste del estado de Oaxaca y pertenece a la región mixteca alta (Ñuu Savi Sukun, Ñuu vixi). Con base en la revisión de material de herbario en 12 colecciones institucionales mexicanas y en la recolección de especímenes en algunas localidades, principalmente cubiertas por bosque de encino, en 17 de los 18 municipios que incluye la RTP, se compilo un listado de las angiospermas epífitas. Se registró la presencia de 40 especies, distribuidas en 13 géneros y cinco familias; 28 taxa son endémicos de México y tres de ellos se conocen solamente de Oaxaca. Los géneros Tillandsia (18 spp.) y Peperomia (4) fueron los mejor representados en el área. El bosque de encino fue el tipo de vegetación en el cual se encontraron más epífitas (32 spp.) y también el intervalo altitudinal de 1900 a 2100 m (19 spp.). Plantas en flor de Artorima erubescens, Laelia albida, L. furfuracea y Prosthechea karwinskii, son utilizadas por pobladores de la región como ornamentales, durante las celebraciones religiosas de Día de Muertos y Semana Santa. Este impacto humano podría representar una amenaza para las poblaciones silvestres de estas especies en el futuro.
Rebrote arbóreo en la regeneración del bosque tropical de Calakmul, Campeche, México
Authors: Haas-Ek María Alejandra , González-Valdivia Noel Antonio , De Jong Bernardus Hendricus , Ochoa-Gaona Susana , Aryal Deb Raj
Published: May 2019

Los estudios detallados para comprender como los bosques neotropicales se reestablecen en el tiempo, a través de la sucesión secundaria aún resultan necesarios. Entre los mecanismos de regeneración que actúan en los bosques tropicales, el rebrote de árboles predomina en especies leñosas, con la ventaja de reiniciar el crecimiento de raíces establecidas, que permiten restituir el dosel forestal. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar y cuantificar las especies arbóreas con capacidad de rebrote en distintas etapas de la sucesión secundaria (barbecho) después del sistema agrícola tradicional de milpa, comparadas con las comunidades del bosque tropical predominante en la Reserva de la Biósfera de Calakmul, y cómo influyen estas especies en la recuperación de la composición de este ecosistema. Se calculó el porcentaje de especies con y sin rebrote para cada etapa sucesional. Se registraron 13 972 individuos (32 % con rebrote y 68 % sin rebrote) y 168 especies (79 % con rebrote y 21 % sin rebrote), el porcentaje de individuos con rebrote va disminuyendo conforme avanza la edad de la sucesión. El número de individuos con rebrote y la composición de especies fueron significativamente diferentes entre etapas. Se puede concluir que la mayoría de especies arbóreas del bosque en Calakmul, presentan la capacidad de rebrotar, lo cual tiene influencia en el rápido proceso sucesional del bosque después de la roza-tumba y quema, restituyendo la cobertura y estructura forestal, así como la composición de las especies originales.
Influence of the configuration and heterogeneity of the agroforestry and silvopastoral mosaics on the bird community, Andean Amazon of Colombia
Authors: Velásquez Valencia Alexander , Bonilla Gómez Maria Argenis
Published: May 2019

General changes in land use have established patterns of modification of native vegetation into agricultural and grazing land. These production systems, as well as social and economic influences, have created diverse landscapes - mosaics composed of varied elements of vegetation cover (forests, crops, pastures, barren fields) that are distributed across spaces in different ways. In this investigation, we determine the distribution patterns of the richness, abundance and diversity of the bird community within the configuration and composition of agroforestry and silvopastoral landscapes. We observed 262 bird species, 6 720 individuals, 23 orders and 54 families within 39 production system mosaics. None of the species accumulation curves in the production systems reached their asymptote, and the calculated estimators predicted a greater number of species than those observed during the survey. In general terms, richness, diversity and equitability indices were highest in the mosaics of agroforestry systems, while abundance and dominance indices were highest in the mosaics associated with silvopastoral and traditional livestock systems. Variables that describe vegetation cover in mosaics have different and independent effects on the diversity of bird assemblages and on the association of land use groups within the mosaics. The positive extreme of the first component contributes to the variance in the model of richness and diversity indices - both the structural components of landscapes and biological components of the assemblages. The area and disposition of different types of elements in the mosaics of the production system landscapes reflect the systematic management of covers, which affects the implications of landscape conservation and restoration practices. Different landscape elements serve as points of contact in the dispersion and distribution of species within these landscapes. The priority of conservation efforts and the first step for the restoration and connectivity of landscapes in the Andean Amazon of Colombia should be the management and protection of covers like old stubble or BFG and BRP. Another approach is the design of landscapes for entire communities of species with respect to certain quantities of habitats in the landscape and the isolation of patches.
Las tecnologías computacionales y su repercusión en el proceso de formación matemática en la República de Angola
Authors: Faustino Arnaldo , Wongo Gungula Eurico , Arrocha Rodríguez Olaysi
Published: May 2019

Las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones  (TIC), promueven el desarrollo económico, socio-cultural y educacional. Asimismo, cualquier adelanto científico vinculado con ellos, impone cambios significativos en los ámbitos sociales, tanto en las exigencias derivadas de las innovaciones en los entornos laborales como también para hacer frente a las transformaciones que se producen actualmente en la dinámica del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Matemática. Sin embargo, las insuficiencias metodologicas en la formación matemática desde 2011 hasta 2016 en las Instutuciones Superiores Pedagógicas Angoleñas, limitan la apropiación de los conocimientos tecnológicos de los estudiantes del perfil pedagógico en el proceso de solución de problemas. Por consiguiente, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo; diagnosticar la situación actual del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Matemática, en la utilización de las tecnologías computacionales en su desempeño investigativo, a fin de minimizar las inconsistencias en la contextualización de los problemas en su proceso formativo y promover eficazmente la utilización de las TIC en las investigaciones  que demandan las necesidades  sociales. Para la instrumentación de los resultados alcanzados en la pesquisa, se aplicó la metodología cuali-cuantitativa en su implementación y el software IBM SPSS Statistics 20, al procesamiento de la información.
La enseñanza del pensamiento histórico en la formación docente. Una investigación narrativa sobre las prácticas docentes en el profesorado universitario memorable
Authors: Ezequiel-Aguirre Jonathan , Porta-Vázquez Luis Gabriel , Bazan Sonia
Published: May 2019

El artículo presenta hallazgos obtenidos a partir de una investigación en torno a las buenas prácticas de enseñanza de docentes de la carrera del Profesorado en Historia de la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina. Mediante encuestas, el profesorado de nuestro estudio ha sido escogido por sus estudiantes, como aquellos profesores memorables quienes han dejado una huella potente en su formación disciplinar y pedagógica. A través de entrevistas, se indagó acerca de las prácticas de enseñanza del personal docente universitario desde sus propias voces y testimonios. Se adoptó el enfoque metodológico biográfico-narrativo, pues este permite reconstruir la experiencia de los sujetos a través de sus narrativas, atribuyendo significados y sentidos a sus prácticas, sus experiencias vitales y trayectorias profesionales. El cuerpo docente, además de generar empatía con sus estudiantes, condición central de la buena enseñanza, demuestra en sus testimonios una gran preocupación por la enseñanza del pensamiento histórico, la interdisciplinariedad y por cuestiones ligadas a las emociones puestas en juego en el acto de educar. Así, la relevancia de la investigación se funda en recuperar aquellas buenas experiencias didácticas en la enseñanza universitaria desde un enfoque que posiciona al sujeto y a su narración en un lugar central para la producción de conocimiento. Los hallazgos que se explicitan aquí, abren perspectivas de diálogo en el contexto regional susceptibles de enriquecer la formación docente, al tiempo que permiten interpretar las tramas conceptuales derivadas de los relatos de los profesores, sobre aspectos que hacen a la enseñanza de la historia, las prácticas docentes y al contexto sociocoyuntural en la que estas se enmarcan.
Los estudiantes universitarios de UNESPAR- Brasil y el desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Gallardo Milanés Olga Alicia , Satiê de Olivera Pátaro Cristina , Mezzomo Frank Antonio
Published: May 2019

El artículo aborda las percepciones sobre medioambiente y desarrollo sostenible de los jóvenes universitarios de UNESPAR- Brasil, con el objetivo de comprender sus apreciaciones, analizarlas a partir de la diversidad de criterios y juicios para valorar la contribución de los mismos a la sustentabilidad. La investigación se realizó desde una perspectiva interdisciplinar en las ciencias sociales, se aplicó el método de Indagación Apreciativa, el estudio develó que los estudiantes participan poco en actividades ecológico- ambientales a pesar de reconocer la importancia del medioambiente y poseer un juicio crítico al respecto, muestran saber los problemas ambientales globales y locales sin embargo no revelaron una clara percepción sobre la condición ecosistémica y compleja del mundo, la educación ambiental en la universidad requiere ocupar un papel más protagónico.
Filling gaps in flower fly distributions: first record of Aneriophora aureorufa (Philippi, 1865) (Diptera, Syrphidae) from Argentina
Authors: López-García Guillermo , Barahona-Segovia Rodrigo Moisés , Maza Noelia , Domínguez Martha Cecilia , Mengual Ximo
Published: May 2019

The genus Aneriophora Stuardo & Cortés 1952, previously considered endemic to Chile, is recorded for the first time from Argentina.  Specimens of Aneriophora aureorufa (Philippi, 1865) were collected in Neuquén Province and deposited in the entomological collection of the Instituto Argentino de Zonas Áridas, Mendoza, Argentina. A diagnosis, distribution map, and photographs of A. aureorufa are provided.
Teaching handover in undergraduate education: an evidence-based multi-disciplinary approach
Authors: Gordon Morris , Grafton-Clarke Ciaran , Hill Elaine
Published: May 2019

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Poor standards of handover threaten patient safety and continuity of care, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality. Handover practices has risen to the forefront of the patient safety agenda, with a call to develop and implement undergraduate handover modules into undergraduate healthcare education. Recent systematic reviews demonstrate a common failure of educational interventions to demonstrate a theoretical and pedagogical framework underpinning the delivery of education and method of assessment.The authors developed and piloted a multi-disciplinary evidence-based undergraduate handover training program to health care students studying at a UK university. The intervention was designed based on underpinning educational theories. It has been developed in a manner that supports dissemination and replication, with a model that is cost effective.The intervention was designed to assess learner reaction, attitudes and confidence, and knowledge and skills. This was achieved through a pre- and post-intervention attitude questionnaire, and an externally validated pre- and post-intervention knowledge assessment.46 undergraduate students participated, with a statistically significant increase in self-reported attitudes (p < 0.001) and knowledge (p < 0.001) following the handover intervention. Students participated from the disciplines of medicine, adult nursing, pharmacy, mental health nursing, paramedic practice and operating department practioners.This intervention serves as a significant resource for those looking to develop local interventions and stands as a truly multi-disciplinary approach to handover education, mirroring the clinical reality. The introduction of this handover intervention immediately improves the attitudes, knowledge and skills of undergraduate healthcare students. Future work should sample beyond the selected 6 professions, investigating the transference of outcomes to the workplace, as well as the impact on patient safety.
Explicitly Addressing Implicit Bias in a Cultural Competence Curriculum for Pediatric Trainees
Authors: Bartlett Kathleen , Strelitz Philippa , Hawley Jeffrey , Sloane Richard , Staples Betty
Published: May 2019

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Background:Medical providers must learn to communicate effectively and demonstrate sensitivity to an increasingly diverse patient population. Implicit bias can contribute to stereotyping and miscommunication. Traditional cultural competence curricula that focus on memorizing lists of customs, beliefs and behaviors may inadvertently increase stereotyping. Methods: We created a workshop designed to introduce the concepts of implicit bias, health disparities, and individuated care to pediatric trainees. We surveyed participants on perceived preparedness for cross-cultural care prior to and immediately following the workshop. We delivered the workshop twice per year from 2011-14 to a convenience sample of pediatric residents on elective rotations (PGY-1-3) as well as to pediatric subspecialty fellows during their core curriculum. Results: Fifty-four residents and 21 fellows participated. All completed the pre-workshop survey; 52 completed the post-workshop survey. Ninety-four percent found the workshop useful. At baseline, 92% felt prepared to care for patients from different cultures. This did not change significantly. In aggregate, trainees reported increased skillfulness in assessing the patient's understanding of illness (83% to 92%, p= 0.04) and identifying cultural customs that might affect clinical care (69% to 90%, p=0.01). Discussion: The workshop was feasible and well received. Although it did not change trainees' perceived preparedness in caring for patients from different cultures, it did improve perceived skillfulness in specific areas important to providing individuated care. Learners may overestimate their preparedness to provide culturally competent care at baseline, which reinforces the need for objective assessment of skills and patient important outcomes around similar interventions in the future.
A Phase I/II Open-Label Study of Nivolumab in Previously Treated Advanced or Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Other Solid Tumors
Authors: Ma Yuxiang , Fang Wenfeng , Zhang Yang , Yang Yunpeng , Hong Shaodong , Zhao Yuanyuan , Tendolkar Amol , Chen Lu , Xu Dong , Sheng Jennifer , Zhao Hongyun , Zhang Li
Published: May 2019

Lessons Learned

Nivolumab treatment at doses of 3 mg/kg once every 2 weeks (Q2W), 240 mg Q2W, and 360 mg once every 3 weeks was well tolerated in the Chinese population, with no new safety signals identified. Comparison of intensive pharmacokinetic profiles of nivolumab at 3 mg/kg Q2W in Chinese versus global populations revealed no ethnic differences of nivolumab treatment. Nivolumab shows promising preliminary antitumor activity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background

This phase I/II study investigated the safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of nivolumab (anti-programmed cell death-1 monoclonal antibody) in Chinese patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and other solid tumors.

Methods

A dose evaluation phase (3 mg/kg once every 2 weeks [Q2W]) was followed by a cohort expansion phase (3 mg/kg Q2W or flat doses of 240 mg Q2W or 360 mg once every 3 weeks).

Results

In the dose evaluation phase, 8/8 patients completed one cycle with no dose-limiting toxicities. At data cutoff, 46/51 patients were evaluable for safety (all cohorts). Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 35 (76%) patients and were primarily grade 1–2; one patient (3 mg/kg Q2W) discontinued because of study drug toxicity. Intensive PK profiles at 3 mg/kg, 240 mg, and 360 mg were well characterized at single and multiple doses of nivolumab. An objective response was determined in six (6/46) patients, four (4/32) of whom had NPC tumors.

Conclusion

Nivolumab monotherapy at 3 mg/kg and flat doses of 240 mg and 360 mg were well tolerated in this Chinese patient population, with PK profiles at 3 mg/kg being similar to those of global patients. Preliminary efficacy results showed promising antitumor activity of nivolumab in advanced NPC.