bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pourquoi fallait-il qu'elle meure ? Réflexions sur la malédiction de Lucrèce
Authors: Chaumont Jean-Michel
Published: November 2014

Il doit être possible de reconstituer la cohérence morale des Anciens concernant la question du viol. Notre jugement actuel sur leurs conduites et appréciations morales est décevant. On ne peut se borner à parler d’archaïsme. Il y a ce que nous appellerons une sorte de « malédiction » de Lucrèce qui jette l’anathème sur les victimes futures de viol qui ne se suicideraient pas. Cette posture nous embarrasse aujourd’hui. Elle nous pousse à interroger les liens entre viol et suicide. S. Augustin nous a donné une clé de compréhension capitale dans cette affaire. On est capable peu à peu de mesurer à quel point le suicide fournit la preuve de l’absence de souillure. L’honneur est engagé. Montesquieu nous a donné des précisions importantes sur le code de l’honneur. Le suicide devient une expression de loyauté. Pendant la seconde guerre mondiale, il a été injustement reproché à certains Juifs de ne pas avoir résisté assez longtemps aux Nazis. Finalement, c’est notre compréhension contemporaine qui finit par être étonnante et révolutionnaire dans le sillage de l’avènement des sociétés individualistes. Mais il ne semble pas que tout lien entre viol et suicide soit défait de nos jours.
Le Défenseur des droits : unité ou diversité ?
Authors: Chevallier Jacques
Published: November 2014

Même s’il n’intègre pas, contrairement aux ambitions initiales, l’ensemble des institutions compétentes dans le champ des droits et libertés, le regroupement de quatre d’entre elles, qui s’étaient attachées à affirmer leur indépendance et à construire un répertoire d’action qui leur soit propre, n’en soulève pas moins des enjeux organisationnels complexes : le transfert au Défenseur des droits des fonctions antérieurement exercées par ces autorités conduit à un processus d’absorption, qui se traduit par un déficit de visibilité et par une perte d’identité ; cela ne signifie pas pour autant l’éradication des particularismes précédents, la logique d’intégration inhérente à la mise en place de la nouvelle institution étant contrebalancée par la persistance d’éléments de diversité avec lesquels elle entre en tension.
Réflexions à propos de la saisine du Défenseur des droits
Authors: Cluzel-Métayer Lucie
Published: November 2014

Créé dans une optique affichée de simplification des institutions de protection des droits, le Défenseur des droits est-il désormais facile d’accès ? L’adoption d’un régime de saisine directe constitue certainement une amélioration pour ce qui relevait auparavant du Médiateur de la République et de la Commission nationale de déontologie de la sécurité. La possibilité pour la nouvelle autorité de se saisir d’office ne doit-elle pas en outre permettre d’en accroître l’indépendance ? Cette lecture optimiste de la loi organique du 29 mars 2011 doit cependant être tempérée. Le régime de la saisine n’a en effet que l’apparence de la simplicité : fait d’exceptions, ce régime éclaté compromet la facilité d’accès au Défenseur et révèle finalement toute la difficulté de fusionner quatre autorités si différentes.
Les pouvoirs du Défenseur des droits : une cote mal taillée ?
Authors: Slama Serge
Published: November 2014

L’analyse des pouvoirs attribués au Défenseur des droits fait apparaître qu’on n’a pas chercher à partir d’une copie blanche à lui conférer des pouvoirs adaptés à sa configuration d’autorité unipersonnelle. On a bien davantage cherché à renforcer les pouvoirs liés à la mission « Médiation avec les services publics », tout en conservant quelques prérogatives spécifiques à chacune des autres missions des autorités absorbées. On constate donc un cumul de prérogatives hétéroclite plus ou moins adaptées à la diversité et à l’hétérogénéité de ses missions.
(Con) fusion dans l'Etat départemental : la mise en place des directions départementales des territoires (et de la mer)
Authors: Poupeau François-Mathieu
Published: November 2014

Cet article revient sur les premiers mois de mise en œuvre de la RÉATE au niveau départemental. En prenant l’exemple des directions départementales des territoires (et de la mer) (DDT(M)), il montre que les difficultés pointées par les équipes de direction dans leur travail d’« ingénierie organisationnelle » sont pour beaucoup imputables à ce qui a été l’attitude des ministères partie prenante de la réforme et aux jeux auxquels ils se sont livrés pour préserver leur capacité d’action dans le pilotage du nouvel État territorial. Structures hybrides, les DDT(M) ont été traversées par des stratégies multiples, génératrices de tensions et de contradictions, qui ont rendu difficile l’invention d’un nouveau modèle administratif local.
Les cinq défis de l'évaluation
Authors: Migaud Didier
Published: November 2014

Résumé Ce texte dresse un panorama des progrès réalisés en France en matière d’évaluation des politiques publiques. Il souligne le besoin et l’utilité de l’évaluation pour une triple raison de transparence, d’exigence accrue des citoyens quant à la qualité de leurs services publics et de complexité accrue des politiques publiques. Prenant des exemples parmi les évaluations réalisées par la Cour des comptes, il mesure le chemin parcouru et ce qu’il reste à faire, en particulier quant à l’approfondissement du changement culturel amorcé à cet égard ; cela dans un contexte de fortes contraintes sur les finances publiques. Cette évolution doit relever cinq défis majeurs : la question des normes et de la définition de l’évaluation ; le positionnement des évaluateurs, notamment leur indépendance ; le niveau et la diversité de leur expertise ; la question des moyens et du temps nécessaire ; et, enfin, le lien entre évaluation, appropriation par les acteurs de la politique et prise de décision politique.
L'évaluation : un marronnier de l'action gouvernementale ?
Authors: Lacouette Fougère Clément , Lascoumes Pierre
Published: November 2014

Résumé Rationalisation des choix budgétaires, « Renouveau du service public », LOLF, RGPP et aujourd’hui MAP : des années 1960 à aujourd’hui, l’évaluation des politiques publiques répond à un besoin sans cesse réinventé d’une meilleure gouvernance de l’action publique. Pourtant, l’évaluation ne connaît en France qu’une institutionnalisation fragile, tout à la fois mouvante et dispersée. Pour expliquer cette trajectoire aléatoire, quatre « scènes » sont successivement abordées sous un angle socio historique : l’évaluation comme moyen de légitimation et de contre pouvoir, comme facteur d’amélioration de la mise en œuvre des programmes publics, et comme outil au service des politiques sectorielles et levier d’optimisation des dépenses publiques.
L'ancrage de l'évaluation des politiques publiques dans les sciences sociales aux états unis : reconstruction d'un linéament intellectuel
Authors: Spenlehauer Vincent
Published: November 2014

Résumé Dans cet article, nous défendons l’idée que l’embarras des sciences sociales américaines face à la notion d’État et à l’éventualité d’une étatisation de la société américaine a suscité l’invention d’une théorie de l’État qui ne dit pas son nom : l’analyse des politiques publiques, dont l’évaluation des politiques publiques est un des avatars.
Le déploiement de l'évaluation des politiques publiques au sein d'une collectivité : l'exemple du conseil général des côtes d'armor
Authors: Lions Gwendoline
Published: November 2014

Résumé Cet article présente le déploiement d’une démarche d’évaluation au sein d’une collectivité territoriale, le Conseil général des Côtes d’Armor, et la mise en place progressive d’une stratégie d’évaluation s’appuyant à la fois sur la diffusion d’une culture interne à tous les niveaux (opérationnels et décisionnels) et la mise en œuvre d’un plan pluriannuel d’évaluation établi en fonction des enjeux départementaux. Il expose ses premiers balbutiements, mais aussi les facteurs ayant permis d’inscrire davantage la dimension évaluative au sein de l’action publique locale.
Esquisse d'une sociologie critique de la nouvelle norme d'évaluation
Authors: Chauvière Michel
Published: November 2014

Résumé Tout ou presque tout doit désormais être évalué et, en l’espèce, la France aurait du retard. Mais la néo évaluation envahissante va bien au delà de l’évaluation ordinaire. Partant de l’hypothèse d’une unité organique et problématique de cet essaimage récent, la contribution présente différentes critiques faites aux nouvelles normes d’évaluation dans la sphère publique, à tous les niveaux, de la conception à la mise en œuvre. Si l’évaluation n’est pas un bien en soi, entraînant un imaginaire quasi religieux, l’auteur soutient qu’il faut alors la considérer comme un fait social daté, étrange et complexe, parmi d’autres innovations « modernisatrices », et chercher à caractériser les pratiques qui s’y réfèrent. La néo évaluation ne transformant pas que l’art de gouverner mais aussi les cadres du travail prescrit et subordonné, ainsi que la relation subjective de chacun à son métier, il aborde ensuite les rapports sociaux triangulaires évaluateurs/évalués/usagers engendrés par la généralisation de cette obligation et la multiplication des interventions de ce type. Enfin, vu la bascule des valeurs organiques du service public à celles concurrentielles de la société de marché, il examine l’hypothèse de l’installation d’une magistrature technique extérieure aux pratiques, destructrice des métiers et entraînant des effets de surnormativité, de harcèlement social mais aussi de servitude volontaire.
La prise en compte des publics dans l'évaluation des politiques publiques
Authors: Milet Hélène , Warin Philippe
Published: November 2014

Résumé La prise en compte des publics des politiques publiques est un facteur essentiel de leur évaluation. Qu’il s’agisse d’une approche quantitative ou d’une approche compréhensive, la connaissance des publics concernés – leurs caractéristiques, leurs logiques d’appropriation de l’offre publique et les conséquences qui pour eux en découlent – est un élément d’analyse indispensable. Nous considérons ici les modalités de prise en compte des publics selon deux logiques de segmentation : les publics constitués a priori par la politique, ou pour la démarche évaluative ; les publics constitués en fonction de leur réception des outputs des politiques, dans le cas des publics non recourant.
L'audit interne dans le secteur public
Authors: Boullanger Hervé
Published: November 2014

Résumé Cet article vise à faire le point sur la mise en place de l’audit interne dans l’administration dans un contexte marqué par la mise en œuvre de la mission d’assistance au Parlement de la Cour des comptes dans l’évaluation des politiques publiques. Le décret du 28 juin 2011 consacre la professionnalisation de la démarche d’audit interne public (par les normes, la formation, le recrutement, l’évaluation externe). Elle doit être complétée par une collaboration étroite entre audit interne, audit externe et comité d’audit grâce à des outils spécifiques et à l’échange des documents de travail.
Souffrances au chômage
Authors: Roupnel-Fuentes Manuella
Published: November 2014

Longtemps les méfaits du chômage de masse ont été appréhendés par l’entremise du sujet masculin, les manières dont les femmes vivaient la privation d’emploi restant mal connues et peu étudiées. Dans cette recherche menée auprès d’hommes et de femmes licencié-e-s des usines fermées et non reprises de Moulinex en Basse-Normandie, apparaît la singularité féminine de l’expérience du chômage. En comparaison avec celle vécue par les hommes, la souffrance des chômeuses apparaît plus particulièrement marquée par la prévalence de troubles de santé, l’isolement social et l’enfermement domiciliaire et identitaire. Les hommes restent quant à eux plus souvent éloignés de ces sentiments en partie du fait de leurs plus grandes chances de réinsertion professionnelle mais aussi grâce à la meilleure préservation de leurs anciennes relations de travail. L’expérience du chômage n’est pas réductible à la seule privation d’emploi mais se présente clairement comme une rupture touchant une multitude de domaines de la vie, notamment la santé, les relations et l’identité sociales.
Les femmes prennent le volant
Authors: Demoli Yoann
Published: November 2014

Alors même que la diffusion de l’automobile a été investie par la sociologie dès les années 1970, les analyses demeuraient aveugles aux différenciations de genre. Pourtant, à cette date, les femmes sont alors largement à l’écart de cette massification. Or, l’appropriation par les femmes de l’automobile s’avère ambivalente, permettant de s’interroger sur le sens à donner à une possible convergence des pratiques de mobilité entre hommes et femmes. Si l’automobile a souvent été appréhendée comme un vecteur d’émancipation, elle peut s’avérer toutefois être un outil de la prolongation des rôles sexués au sein des ménages. De la même façon que les objets ménagers peuvent se trouver non pas émancipateurs mais intensificateurs du travail domestique, l’automobile devient peut-être le véhicule de l’extension du travail domestique. C’est à cette alternative que nous essaierons de répondre en analysant, à partir des données issues des enquêtes Transports de l’Insee menées de 1980 à 2008, la diffusion du permis de conduire et les logiques des usages de l’automobile chez les femmes.
An Innovative Approach to Enhance Dermatology Competencies for Advanced Practice Nurses: Service–Learning With a Migrant Farm Worker Health Clinic
Authors: Downes Elizabeth A. , Connor Ann , Howett Maeve
Published: November 2014

The purpose of this article is to describe a novel service–learning opportunity for graduate nursing students that promotes competency in dermatology. A hybrid service–learning course with online didactic content is described, along with tools for evaluation of dermatology competencies. Student evaluation of the course is discussed, and selected research articles are reviewed. Advanced practice nursing and medical education frequently does not adequately prepare primary care providers to be competent in the assessment and management of dermatologic conditions. Embedding dermatology content in a service–learning program can optimize the provision of care, strengthen competencies in dermatology and inter-professional care, and allow students to gain a deeper understanding of the population with which they work. The innovative service–learning program presented is a model for advanced practice nursing education. Tools for evaluating clinical competency and courses often need validation. [
J Nurs Educ.
2014;53(12):710–713.]
A Portrait of Resilience in Caregiving
Authors: Ewen Heidi H. , Chahal Jasleen K. , Fenster Emily S.
Published: November 2014

The current study investigated biopsychosocial resilience in an older adult caregiver. A case study was selected for in-depth exploration of resilience in caregiving identified through biopsychosocial (i.e., salivary cortisol) methods. An exemplar of a woman caring for an adult child dying from a genetic disease is presented in the context of multiple stressors. Significant stress was found to be buffered by cognitive reframing and acceptance of interpersonal limits. Early experiences in caregiving for others with terminal illnesses provided a frame of reference, and difficult family dynamics added a layer of complexity. During periods identified as stressful, cortisol levels rose outside of normal bounds. The study implications are that mixed-methods (i.e., biopsychosocial) studies yield important results on individual differences within similar contexts.
[Res Gerontol Nurs. 2015; 8(1):29–38.]
‘Buscamos una voz que nos reciba’. Narrativa chilena reciente: lecturas cómplices
Authors: Daza D. Paulina
Published: November 2014

Esta investigación centra su estudio en algunas propuestas de lectura para la narrativa chilena reciente, especialmente un corpus compuesto por un conjunto de obras de cuatro autores: Álvaro Bisama, Alejandra Costamagna, María José Viera-Gallo y Alejandro Zambra. Se propone que desde la recepción es posible precisar algunas formas de lectura que se concretan pensando en el grado de complicidad que logra el lector con estas obras, determinada por su relación de colaboración o participación en el acto de leer. El lector se acercará más o menos a la obra siguiendo las señas propuestas en ella, así las formas de leer irán desde lo crítico hasta lo afectivo, actualizando los relatos a partir de un estrecho vínculo entre escritor, obra y lector. De esta forma la lectura siempre será cómplice, pero desde diferentes aspectos y en distintos grados. Teniendo en cuenta estos matices revisaremos tres formas de lectura cómplice: a) de apropiación del pasado, b) política y c) dinámica.
Regeneracionismo e impacto de la crisis de 1898 en la educación física y el deporte español
Authors: Torrebadella Flix Xavier
Published: November 2014

En la historiografía sobre el movimiento regeneracionista surgido en España a raíz de la crisis de 1898, apenas se ha reconocido el protagonismo que emergió de los promotores de la educación física y el deporte. El objeto de este artículo es justificar que existió una generación del ’98 en torno a la educación física y el deporte. La metodología utilizada se basa en la revisión de las fuentes originales de la época y en la selección de textos fundamentales. Todo ello ha permitido posicionar un análisis de contenido hermenéutico y del discurso ideológico, que se presenta organizado de forma cronológica. Concluimos que las primeras instituciones de la educación física y el deporte fueron forjadas en el contexto ideológico del regeneracionismo coadyuvando y aprovechándose del discurso subyacente. De la capitalización de estas instituciones se vislumbra una desconocida generación del ’98 en la educación física y el deporte, cuya influencia llega hasta nuestros días.
Exploring Non-Linear Relationships between Landscape and Aquatic Ecological Condition in Southern Wisconsin
Authors: Shaker Richard R. , Ehlinger Timothy J.
Published: November 2014

Recent studies have implied the importance of incorporating configuration metrics into landscape-aquatic ecological integrity research; however few have addressed the needs of spatial data while exploring non-linear relationships. This study investigates spatial dependence of a measure of aquatic ecological condition at two basin scales, and the spatial and non-linear role of landscape in explaining that measure across 92 watersheds in Southern Wisconsin. It hypothesizes that: (1) indicators of ecological condition have different spatial needs at subwatershed and watershed scales; (2) land cover composition, urban configuration, and landscape diversity can explain aquatic ecological integrity differently; and (3) global non-linear analysis improve local spatial statistical techniques for explaining and interpreting landscape impacts on aquatic ecological integrity. Results revealed spatial autocorrelation in the measure of aquatic ecological condition at the HUC-12 subwatershed scale, and artificial neural networks (ANN) were an improvement over geographically weighted regression (GWR) for deciphering complex landscape-aquatic condition relationships.
Poisson Regression Analysis of Highway Fatality Accident Data in Oklahoma
Authors: Comer Jonathan C. , Rose Nicholas J. , Bombom Leonard S.
Published: November 2014

Analysis of fatality automobile accident data can be challenging in rural areas where a relatively small number of such accidents occurs on specific sections of highways. Combining crash data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) and highway networks and design specifications from the Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOT), this article employs Poisson regression analysis to determine what roadway characteristics (e.g. grade, geometry, and design) are most associated with fatal accidents on predominantly rural segments of highways in Oklahoma. The results provide information about what combinations of highway design traits have contributed most to past crashes and therefore can identify potentially dangerous road segments system-wide. This information will help transportation engineers evaluate current construction practice and seek ways to address design issues that are shown to contribute significantly to serious crashes.
Simplified Toolbar to Accelerate Repeated Tasks (START) for ArcGIS
Authors: Lacroix Pierre , de Roulet Pablo , Ray Nicolas
Published: November 2014

This paper presents START (Simplified Toolbar to Accelerate Repeated Tasks), a new, freely downloadable ArcGIS extension designed for non-expert GIS users. START was developed jointly by the Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining (GICHD) and the University of Geneva to support frequent workflows relating to mine action. START brings together a series of basic ArcGIS tools in one toolbar and provides new geoprocessing, geometry and database management functions. The toolbar operates as a bridge between non-spatial repositories (e.g. MySQL and Excel) and GIS. It also connects mine action professionals recording data in the field to GIS experts and improves data interoperability between GIS professionals working in different disciplines. Originally created to help humanitarian demining actors optimize GIS workflows and be more efficient in their everyday work, the toolbar might also benefit scientists operating in other fields.
Health-related quality of life of patients six months poststroke living in the Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Rhoda Anthea J.
Published: November 2014

Background: The majority of individuals report a decline in health-related quality of life following a stroke. Quality of life and factors predicting quality of life could differ in individuals from lower income countries. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the quality of life and factors influencing quality of life of community-dwelling stroke patients living in low-income, peri-urban areas in the Western Cape, South Africa.Method: An observational, longitudinal study was used to collect data from a conveniently selected sample of first-ever stroke patients. The Rivermead Motor Assessment Scale and the Barthel Index were used to determine functional outcome and the EQ-5D was used to collect information relating to quality of life at two months and six months poststroke. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data.Results: The total sample of 100 participants consisted of 50% men and 50% women with a mean age of 61 and a standard deviation of 10.55 years. Six-month quality of life datawas analysed for 73 of the 100 participants. Of the 27 who were lost to follow-up, nine participants died, four withdrew from the study after baseline data was collected and eleven could not be followed up as they had either moved or no follow-up telephone numbers were available. A further three participants were excluded from the analysis of the EQ-5D as they were aphasic. Of these, approximately 35% had problems with mobility and self-care, whilst 42% had severe problems with everyday activities and 37.8% expressed having anxiety and depression. Quality of life at two months (p = 0.010) and urinary incontinence (p = 0.002) were significant predictors of quality of life at six months.Conclusion: Health-related quality of life was decreased in the South African stroke sample. Functional ability and urinary incontinence were the factors affecting quality of life in the sample. These factors should be considered in the rehabilitation of stroke patients in these settings.
The impact of an online Facebook support group for people with multiple sclerosis on non-active users
Authors: Steadman Jacqui , Pretorius Chrisma
Published: November 2014

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating disease and there is little research on support networks for people with MS (PwMS). More specifically, most studies on online support groups focus on those who actively participate in the group, whereas the majority of those who utilise online support groups do so in a passive way.Objectives: This study therefore aimed to explore the experiences of non-active users of an online Facebook support group for PwMS. Emphasis was placed on the facilitators and the barriers that were associated with membership to this group.Method: An exploratory qualitative research design was implemented, whereby thematic analysis was utilised to examine the ten semi-structured interviews that were conducted.Results: Several facilitators were acquired through the online support group; namely emotional support (constant source of support, exposure to negative aspects of the disease),informational support (group as a source of knowledge, quality of information) and social companionship (place of belonging). Some barriers were also identified; namely emotional support (emotions lost online, response to messages, exposure to negative aspects of the disease), informational support (information posted on the group, misuse of group) and social companionship (non-active status).Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that the non-active members of the online support group for PwMS have valid reasons for their non-active membership status. More important,the findings suggest that the online Facebook support group provided the group members with an important support network in the form of emotional support, informational support and social companionship, despite their non-active membership status or the barriers that have been identified.
Freedom to read: A personal account of the ‘book famine’
Authors: Watermeyer Brian
Published: November 2014

Even in the digital age, access to literature and other information for people with print impairments remains extremely poor, especially in the developing world. Reading access holds cascading implications for education, economic empowerment, social participation and self-worth. In June 2013 member states of WIPO (the World Intellectual Property Organization)concluded a landmark treaty to reduce copyright impediments to the dissemination of literature to print impaired people. Its effectiveness is not yet clear. Meanwhile, critics hold that disability studies’ analyses have too often lacked insight into the personal and psychological ramifications of exclusion. This article provides an account of the ‘book famine’ from the perspective of a print impaired South African disability researcher, arguing that thorough investigation of the impressions of exclusion is necessary for change. The account highlights the personal, even malignant psychological reverberations of deprivations such as the ‘bookfamine’, which may carry traumatic effects which cement the status quo.
Navolging van Jesus, mimesis en 1 Johannes
Authors: Van der Watt Jan
Published: November 2014

Hierdie artikel ondersoek die moontlike aanwending van mimesis in 1 Johannes. Daar word ’n oorsig gegee oor die gebruik van mimesis in die antieke tyd en sekere relevante eienskappe van mimesis word uitgelig. Die verwysings in 1 Johannes na gelowiges wat soos Jesus moet wees of optree, word nagegaan en in die lig van die eienskappe van die antieke gebruik van mimesis geïnterpreteer.Imitating Jesus, mimesis and 1 John. The possible use of mimesis in 1 John is investigated in this article. An overview is given of the use of mimesis in ancient times and certain characteristics are identifid. The references in 1 John to believers that must be or act like Jesus are identifid and interpreted in the light of the ancient use of mimesis.
Health sector responses to intiate partner violence: A literature review
Authors: Rees Kate , Zweigenthal Virginia , Joyner Kate
Published: November 2014

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a common and serious public health concern, particularly in South Africa, but it is not well managed in primary care.Aim: This review aims to summarise the current state of knowledge regarding health sector-based interventions for IPV, their integration into health systems and services and the perspectives of service users and healthcare workers on IPV care, focusing on the South African context.Method: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Google Scholar were searched betweenJanuary 2012 and May 2014. All types of study design were included, critically appraised and summarised.Results: Exposure to IPV leads to wide-ranging and serious health effects. There is suffiient evidence that intervening in IPV in primary care can improve outcomes. Women who have experienced IPV have described an appropriate response by healthcare providers to be non-judgmental, understanding and empathetic. IPV interventions that are complex, comprehensive and utilise systems-wide approaches have been most effective, but system- andsociety-level barriers hamper implementation. Gender inequities should not be overlooked when responding to IPV.Conclusion: Further evaluations of health sector responses to IPV are needed, in order to assist health services to determine the most appropriate models of care, how these can be integrated into current systems and how they can be supported in managing IPV. The need for this research should not prevent health services and healthcare providers from implementing IPV care, but rather should guide the development of rigorous contextually-appropriate evaluations.
Cloud obstruction and snow cover in Alpine areas from MODIS products
Authors: Da Ronco P. , De Michele C.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Snow cover maps provide information of great practical interest for hydrologic purposes: when combined with point values of snow water equivalent (SWE), they enable estimation of the regional snow resource. In this context, Earth observation satellites are an interesting tool for evaluating large scale snow distribution and extension. MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer on board Terra and Aqua satellites) daily Snow Covered Area product has been widely tested and proved to be appropriate for hydrologic applications. However, within a daily map the presence of cloud cover can hide the ground, thus obstructing snow detection. Here, we consider MODIS binary products for daily snow mapping over the Po River basin. Ten years (2003–2012) of MOD10A1 and MYD10A1 snow maps have been analysed and processed with the support of a 500 m resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM). We first investigate the issue of cloud obstruction, highlighting its dependence on altitude and season. Snow maps seem to suffer the influence of overcast conditions mainly in mountain and during the melting period. Thus, cloud cover highly influences those areas where snow detection is regarded with more interest. In spring, the average percentages of area lying beneath clouds are in the order of 70%, for altitudes over 1000 m a.s.l. Then, starting from previous studies, we propose a cloud removal procedure and we apply it to a wide area, characterized by high geomorphological heterogeneity such as the Po River basin. In conceiving the new procedure, our first target was to preserve the daily temporal resolution of the product. Regional snow and land lines were estimated for detecting snow cover dependence on elevation. In cases when there was not enough information on the same day within the cloud-free areas, we used temporal filters with the aim of reproducing the micro-cycles which characterize the transition altitudes, where snow does not stand continually over the entire winter. In the validation stage, the proposed procedure was compared against others, showing improvements in the performance for our case study. The accuracy is assessed by applying the procedure to clear-sky maps masked with additional cloud cover. The average value is higher than 95% considering 40 days chosen over all seasons. The procedure also has advantages in terms of input data and computational effort requirements.
Characterization of ash particles with a microheater and gas-sensitive SiC field-effect transistors
Authors: Bur C. , Bastuck M. , Schütze A. , Juuti J. , Lloyd Spetz A. , Andersson M.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Particle emission from traffic, power plants or, increasingly, stoves and fireplaces poses a serious risk for human health. The harmfulness of the particles depends not only on their size and shape but also on adsorbates. Particle detectors for size and concentration are available on the market; however, determining content and adsorbents is still a challenge. In this work, a measurement setup for the characterization of dust and ash particle content with regard to their adsorbates is presented. For the proof of concept, ammonia-contaminated fly ash samples from a coal-fired power plant equipped with a selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) system were used. The fly ash sample was placed on top of a heater substrate situated in a test chamber and heated up to several hundred degrees. A silicon carbide field-effect transistor (SiC-FET) gas sensor was used to detect desorbing species by transporting the headspace above the heater to the gas sensor with a small gas flow. Accumulation of desorbing species in the heater chamber followed by transfer to the gas sensor is also possible. A mass spectrometer was placed downstream of the sensor as a reference. A clear correlation between the SiC-FET response and the ammonia spectra of the mass spectrometer was observed. In addition, different levels of contamination can be distinguished. Thus, with the presented setup, chemical characterization of particles, especially of adsorbates which contribute significantly to the harmfulness of the particles, is possible.
Sensitivity of the Weddell Sea sector ice streams to sub-shelf melting and surface accumulation
Authors: Wright A. P. , Le Brocq A. M. , Cornford S. L. , Bingham R. G. , Corr H. F. J. , Ferraccioli F. , Jordan T. A. , Payne A. J. , Rippin D. M. , Ross N. , Siegert M. J.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. A recent ocean modelling study indicates that possible changes in circulation may bring warm deep-ocean water into direct contact with the grounding lines of the Filchner–Ronne ice streams, suggesting the potential for future ice losses from this sector equivalent to ~0.3 m of sea-level rise. Significant advancements have been made in our knowledge of both the basal topography and ice velocity in the Weddell Sea sector, and the ability to accurately model marine ice sheet dynamics, thus enabling an assessment to be made of the relative sensitivities of the diverse collection of ice streams feeding the Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf. Here we use the BISICLES ice sheet model, which employs adaptive-mesh refinement to resolve grounding line dynamics, to carry out such an assessment. The impact of realistic perturbations to the surface and sub-shelf mass balance forcing fields from our 2000-year "reference" model run indicate that both the Institute and Möller ice streams are highly sensitive to changes in basal melting either near to their respective grounding lines, or in the region of the ice rises within the Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf. These same perturbations have little impact, however, on the Rutford, Carlson or Foundation ice streams, while the Evans Ice Stream is found to enter a phase of unstable retreat only after melt at its grounding line has increased by 50% of likely present-day values.
Organic and conventional production in Slovakia: Comparison of selected managerial and financial indicators
Authors: Kozáková Jana , Lančarič Drahoslav , Savov Radovan , Tóth Marián
Published: November 2014

The paper deals with comparison of organic and conventional agriculture from two points of view. Firstly the managerial point of view examing number of employees and the personal costs per hectare. Secondly, the owners' point of view examing profitability of organic farming. Both views result from the specifics of organic farming. Organic production usually generates higher employment, higher personal cost and results in lower yields. We evaluated differences between organic and conventional agriculture in Slovakia over period of years 2009-2012 on a sample of more than 1050 farms in each year. The share of organic farms was 15%. Using t-test as evaluation method we found no significant differences from the managerial point of view (measured by employees per hectare and personal costs per hectare). From the owner' s point of view (measured by return on costs, return on equity and total assets per hectare) we conclude that the subsidies successfully compensate the lower revenues of organic farms (there was no significant difference in ROE and ROC). Our results are based on the sample of organic farms with Average utilised area of 850 hectares which reflects the farm structure in Slovakia. We can conclude that large organic farms do not support employment in rural areas and generate comparable profit when compared to conventional farms.
The efficiency, energy intensity and visual impact of the accent lighting in the retail grocery stores
Authors: Nagyová Ľudmila , Berčí­k Jakub , Horská Elena
Published: November 2014

Over the last few years, topics of displaying, presentation, lighting, energy saving and issues related to the environment while selling the fresh food (fruits, vegetable, bakery products, meat) are becoming an important matter among traders. However, just bigger companies with transnational capital have devoted their attention to this issue yet. Generally, the energy costs make up 70% of operating costs in retail stores where the cooling system and lighting are the most energy consuming. Accent lighting in modern retails is largely involved in the overall design and atmosphere in shops and plays a crucial role in presenting the goods as well. Using of accent lighting can draw the customer's attention to a specific part of the sales area and achieve the overall harmonization in the store. With the rational using of combination of energy saving and effective accent lighting retailers can achieve not only attractive presentation of displayed products but also appreciable savings in the operation of their stores. It is the only factor that can be exactly measured and controlled. Using a Colour and Lux Meters we found out the intensity and color temperature of accent lighting used in domestic and foreign retail chains for the different kinds of fresh food products. Based on the obtained values we have compiled graphs, which are showing visual comfort. We also identified different types of accent lighting, which we assigned to their impact on emotional involvement of consumers. The starting points were the tests we conducted in simulated laboratory conditions. While searching of a compromise between effective and energy efficient accent lighting we take into consideration consumers' emotional response as well as the annual electricity consumption of different types of light sources. At the end we recommend options for energy-efficient, effective and spectacular lighting while using the optimal number of light sources and their logical organization, automatic control as well as using energy-saving LED lights or practical skylights. Improvements in energy efficiency of technical equipments could reduce the operating costs for retailers as well as enhance the attractiveness of displayed goods and customer satisfaction and thereby increase their sales.
The Relationship between Reputation, Customer Satisfaction, Trust, and Loyalty
Authors: Gul Roshana
Published: November 2014

Though a lot of studies have been done to conclude customer loyalty as dependent variable but still there is a vast margin of researches to be conducted in future in different spheres of this construct. On the other hand the truth of the importance of customer loyalty as an enduring asset cannot be falsified. It is fundamental for organizations to build up long term and mutual beneficial associations with the customers. The purpose of this research paper is to show the inter relationship of reputation, customer satisfaction and trust on customer loyalty. According to the observations reputation is the major independent variable that has significant relationship with customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, and trust. Data for this research study was taken from the Islamia University, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, and different banks located at various geographic locations of Bahawalpur region of Pakistan. Data was collected through self administered questionnaire and analyzed by using regression through SPSS. The results have been drawn from 150 users of NISHAT LINEN and it was found that there is positive and significant relationship among reputation, customer satisfaction, trust and customer loyalty. Hence the studies give the positive sign that with the increment of reputation, customer satisfaction and trust the customer loyalty enhances.
A study on Determinants of Turnover Intention In Pakistan
Authors: Bashir Asma , Durrani Faiza
Published: November 2014

Today’s turnover intention is very challenging for any organization. Organizations should proper plan to recover this issue. The aims of this study were to examine the relationship between turnover intention and job satisfaction particularly the relationship of important factors i.e. job stress job commitment and organizational commitment on job satisfaction and on the other hand their relationship between turnover intention. A sample of 150 employees in the number of organization was used. In this study survey questioner was used .the reliability and regression analysis was used to test hypothesis with the help of spss. The result shows that job commitment is an important variable toward job satisfaction and On the other hand job stress is an important variable which affect turnover intention. Limitations and future research suggestions are discussed.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practice patterns among healthcare providers in the prevention of recurrent kidney stones in Northern Ontario
Authors: Bos Derek , Abara Emmanual , Parmar Malvinder S.
Published: November 2014

Introduction: Kidney stone recurrence is common. Preventive measures can lead to improved quality of life and costs savings to the individual and healthcare system. Guidelines to prevent recurrent kidney stones are published by various urological societies. Adherence to guidelines amongst healthcare professionals in general is poor, while adherence to preventive management guidelines regarding stone disease is unknown. To understand this issue, we conducted an online study to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practice patterns of healthcare practitioners in Northern Ontario.Methods: We used the database of healthcare providers affiliated with the Northern Ontario School of Medicine, in Sudbury (East Campus) and Thunder Bay (West Campus), Ontario. We designed the survey based on current best practice guidelines for the management of recurrent kidney stones. Questions covered 3 domains: knowledge, attitudes, and practice patterns. Demographic data were also collected. The survey was distributed electronically to all participants.Results: A total of 68 healthcare providers completed the survey. Of these, most were primary care physicians (72%). To keep uniformity, we analyzed the data of this homogenous group. A total of 70% of the respondents were aware of the current guidelines; however, only 43% applied their knowledge in clinical practice. Most participants lacked confidence while answering most items in the attitude domain.Conclusions: Most primary care physician respondents were aware of the appropriate preventive measures for recurrent kidney stones; however, they do not appear to apply this knowledge effectively in clinical practice. A low response rate is a limitation of our study. Further studies involving a larger sample size may lead to information sharing and collaborative care among healthcare providers.
Preoperative parameters to predict incidental (T1a and T1b) prostate cancer
Authors: Sakamoto Hirofumi , Matsumoto Kazuhiro , Hayakawa Nozomi , Maeda Takahiro , Sato Atsuko , Ninomiya Akiharu , Mukai Kiyoshi , Nakamura So
Published: November 2014

Introduction: Prostate cancer has been found incidentally in transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) specimens without prior diagnosis in 5% to 13% of the patients. We evaluated whether incidental prostate cancer (stages T1a and T1b) could be predicted preoperatively.Methods: TURP was performed in 307 patients between 2006 and 2011. Patient age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, total prostate volume, transitional zone volume, PSA density, history of needle biopsy, and pathological diagnosis on TURP specimen were assessed. We analyzed the association between these parameters and prostate cancer detection.Results: Incidental prostate cancer was found in 31 patients (10.1%), and 13 cases (4.2%) had cancer with T1b and/or Gleason ≥7. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age ≥75 years (odds ratio [OR] 2.58, p = 0.022), prostate volume ≤50 cc (OR 4.11, p < 0.001), and the absence of preoperative needle biopsy despite PSA ≥4 ng/mL (OR 2.65, p = 0.046) were independent risk factors. In patients who had 2 or 3 of these risk factors, incidental prostate cancer and cancer with T1b and/or Gleason ≥7 were observed in 25% to 50% and 16% to 25% cases, respectively.Conclusions: Older patient age, small prostate volume, and the absence of previous needle biopsy (despite a high PSA level) might be independent risk factors for detecting incidental prostate cancer, although external validation is warranted to confirm our results.
Klebsiella pneumonia-induced prostate abscess: How to work it up?
Authors: Kim Jae Heon , Yang Won Jae , Kim Tae Hyong
Published: November 2014

Introduction: Klebsiella pneumonia (KP) is related to a metastatic phenomenon from the originally affected primary organ. About 28% of patients with pyogenic liver abscess arising from KP suffer from metastatic complications. This study was done to define the clinical features of KP-induced prostate abscess.Methods: A total of 14 patients were diagnosed with prostate abscess based on clinical, laboratory examination and abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) scan from 2007 to 2013.Results: Among these 14 patients, KP was the dominant causative microorganism in 6 patients (42.9%), followed by Esherchia coli in 2, Pseudomonas aeroginosa in 1, methicillin-resistant Staphyolcoccus aureus in 1, and no growth in either the urine or blood culture in 4. Four (66.7%) of the 6 KP induced-prostate abscess had other concurrent abscess sites besides the prostate: liver in 3, kidney in 1, and perianal area with endogenous endophthalmitis that ended in loss of vision in 1 patient.Conclusions: We report on the clinical features of KP-induced prostate abscess based on a small number of patients, which is the main limitation of our study. We believe that if the causative organism of a prostate abscess was KP, more workup would be needed to rule out the presence of an abscess in other organs, especially in the liver. Abdominopelvic CT scan would be a proper imaging modality.
Tegenstrijdig belang: statuten en reglementen van beursvennootschappen onderzocht
Authors: Dorresteijn A.F.M.
Published: November 2014

Tegenstrijdig belang: statuten en reglementen van beursvennootschappen onderzocht

In deze bijdrage wordt verslag gedaan van een onderzoek naar de regeling van het tegenstrijdig belang van bestuurders en commissarissen in de statuten van beursvennootschappen. Aanleiding is de inwerkingtreding van de Wet bestuur en toezicht op 1 januari 2013 en de veronderstelling dat deze statuten intussen zijn aangepast. Dat blijkt maar ten dele het geval. In meer dan de helft van de onderzochte statuten figureren namelijk nog verouderde, op vertegenwoordiging betrekking hebbende bepalingen inzake het tegenstrijdig belang, soms zelfs in statuten die zijn gewijzigd na 1 januari 2013. De niet aangepaste statuten zijn misleidend als informatiebron over de te volgen handelwijze bij tegenstrijdig belang.

Een andere bevinding is dat suggesties uit de vakliteratuur voor een adequate statutaire regeling van het tegenstrijdig belang nauwelijks zijn gevolgd.

Ook de reglementen voor bestuurders en commissarissen van beursvennootschappen zijn onder de loep genomen. De reglementen blijken op het punt van tegenstrijdig belang doorgaans gemodelleerd te zijn naar de Corporate Governance Code. Niettemin bevat een zestal reglementen ook nog verouderde, misleidende bepalingen over het tegenstrijdig belang.
Circles and the Lines That Intersect Them
Authors: Clay Ellen L. , Rhee Katherine L.
Published: November 2014

A mathematical inquiry puts meaning into the relationships formed when secants and tangents intersect circles.