bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Greenwashing and public demand for government regulation
Authors: Kolcava Dennis
Published: August 2020

Environmental governance in many high-income democracies relies to some extent on self-regulation by the private sector. Yet, this policy mode is contestedand proponents of top-down government regulation argue that voluntary corporate sustainability commitments remain shallow and rarely are more than greenwashing. I assess to what extent firms’ business conduct is subject to societal checks and balances, in particular, whether public support for regulation constitutes a control mechanism of corporate contributions to environmental goods. I rely on an original survey experiment (N=2112) conducted with a representative sample of the Swiss voting population. The analysis shows that accusing firms of greenwashing reduces both citizens’ perceived effectiveness of self-regulation and perceived synergy of corporate profits and environmental protection. However, this attitudinal shift only translates into modest updates in respondents’ policy preference formation. As a result, short-run shifts in public support for regulation are an unlikely societal control mechanism of business conduct.
FATHERLY LEADERSHIP IN MISSION
Authors: GULTOM JONI MANUMPAK PARULIAN
Published: August 2020

George Barna in the introduction in the book A Fish Out of Water describes the order of leadership. First, that one must understand correctly about God's calling in his life to lead. Because not everyone is given the mandate to lead. After that he must understand and the true meaning of leadership because he must know the nature that can move others to be able to continue the all things to follow you. And as long as you lead, leadership competencies must be shown to the maximum for others who are led by you can also be maximum too. So that it is time for each leader to sooner or later face great consequences for his leadership
ArcGIS: Importance for Engineers
Authors: Poudel Utsav
Published: August 2020

ArcGIS is an extensive and integrated software developed by ESRI to work with map andgeographic information. It is used for creating and using maps, compiling geographic data,analyzing mapped information, sharing and discovering geographic information, using maps, andgeographic information in a range of applications, and managing geographic information in adatabase. ArcGIS comprises four key software parts: a geographic information model formodeling aspects of the real world; components for storing and managing geographicinformation in files and databases; a set of out-of-the-box applications for creating, editing,manipulating, mapping, analyzing and disseminating geographic information; and a collectionof web services that provide content and capabilities (data and functions) to networkedsoftware clients. It can be used in mobile, laptop, desktop, and servers. It was released initiallyon December 27, 1999.
Dampak Komite Penanganan Covid-19 Dan Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional Terhadap Berbagai Regulasi
Authors: Sarif Noman
Published: August 2020

Virus corona telah berdampak atau telah berakibat pada berbagai aspek yakni aspek sosial, aspek ekonomi, aspek kesejahteraan bahkan aspek hukum. Sehingga sudah seyogianya dibuat suatu lembaga. Lembaga tersebut wajib ada dasar hukumnya. Dasar hukum yang dimaksud telah dimuat dalam Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 82 Tahun 2020 Tentang Komite Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) dan Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional. Namun kehadiran daripada peraturan presiden ini telah berdampak pada berbagai aturan. Aturan yang dimaksud dalam hal ini yakni berbagai Peraturan Presiden dan Keputusan Presiden yang telah ada sebelumnya. Padahal regulasi yang telah ada ini telah berlaku jauh sebelum adanya virus corona. Aturan ini juga telah mengatur berbagai hal yang sangat fundamental terutama terkait dengan Transparansi Pendapatan Negara dan Pendapatan Daerah yang Diperoleh dari Industri Ekstraktif; Sadan Koordinasi Nasional Penyuluhan Pertanian, Perikanan, dan Kehutanan; Masterplan Percepatan dan Perluasan Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia 2011-2025; Pengembangan Kawasan Strategis dan lnfrastruktur Selat Sunda; Strategi Nasional Pengelolaan Ekosistem Mangrove; Sadan Peningkatan Penyelenggaraan Sistem Penyediaan Air Minum; Peta Jalan Sistem Perdagangan Nasional Serbasis Elektronik (Road Map e-commerce) Tahun 2017-20 19; Percepatan Pelaksanaan Berusaha; Koordinasi Pengelolaan Pinjaman Komersial Luar Negeri; Pembentukan Tim Nasional untuk Perundingan Perdagangan Multilateral Dalam Kerangka World Trade Organization; Tim Restrukturisasi dan Rehabilitasi PT (Persero) Perusahaan Listrik Negara; Komite Kebijakan Sektor Keuangan; Komite Antar Departemen Bidang Kehutanan; Tim Koordinasi Peningkatan Kelancaran Arus Barang Ekspor dan lmpor; Tim Nasional Peningkatan Ekspor dan Peningkatan Investasi; Tim Koordinasi Percepatan Pembangunan Rumah Susun di Kawasan Perkotaan; Komite Nasional Persiapan Pelaksanaan Masyarakat Ekonomi Association of Southeast Asian Nations. Semua peraturan dan keputusan daripada Presiden Republik Indonesia tersebut dicabut dan dinyatakan tidak berlaku.
Relationship Functioning During COVID-19 Quarantine
Authors: Overall Nickola , Chang Valerie , Pietromonaco Paula R. , Low Rachel S. T. , Henderson Annette M E
Published: August 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic presents acute, ongoing relationship challenges. The current research tested how (1) pre-existing vulnerabilities assessed prior to the pandemic (attachment insecurity) and (2) stress as couples endured a mandated quarantine predicted residual changes in relationship functioning. Controlling for pre-quarantine problems, relationship quality and family environment, greater partners’ attachment anxiety predicted greater relationship problems, lower relationship quality, and a less stable and cohesive family environment when people were experiencing more stress. Greater partners’ attachment avoidance predicted lower problem solving efficacy and family cohesion. The effects of partners’ pre-existing vulnerabilities and pandemic-related stress demonstrate the utility of key models in relationship science in identifying who is at most risk of relationship problems in the unprecedented context of a mandated quarantine. The results emphasize that the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on relationship functioning will be shaped by the characteristics of partners with whom people are confined with during the pandemic.
Simple, Stigma-free, Scalable, and School-based: A Four-step Approach to Developing Adolescent Mental Health Treatments in Sub Saharan Africa
Authors: Osborn Tom L , Wasanga Christine
Published: August 2020

-Adolescent mental health problems—which are associated with many negative life outcomes—are prevalent in low-income regions such as those in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) yet many youths suffering from these problems never get treatment.-Existing treatments are inaccessible to SSA youths because they are long, costly, and require expert delivery in a setting where incomes are low, and a paucity of caregivers exist and where social stigma limits help-seeking.-Most of the efforts to develop interventions for youth mental have been led by researchers from Western high-income countries and can be criticized as socio-culturally inappropriate and costly. -To guide intervention development efforts, we propose a four-step approach that encourages researchers to develop mental health interventions that are simple, stigma-free, scalable and school-based. Through this four-step approach, researchers can expand mental healthcare access in SSA by developing interventions that circumvent existing barriers.
Climatic variability and livelihood of rural farmers in Chisapani, Ramechhap, Nepal
Authors: Subedi Ram Chandra , Bhuju Dinesh Raj , Bhatta Gopal Datta , Pant Ramesh Raj
Published: August 2020

Agriculture is the mainstay of livelihood of the people in rural Nepal. Any perturbations in agriculture stemming from climatic and/or non-climatic factors can affect their livelihood. Farmers keep on exploring alternative practices in agriculture to adapt to increasing uncertainties and some of which can be scaled out to enhance resilience of the agricultural system. An exploratory study was done in one of the most vulnerable districts of Nepal, Ramechhap. The objective was to assess the effects of local livelihood owing to climatic variability. Ninety-one farm households were selected using purposive random sampling and information was collected through semi-structured questionnaire along with key informant interviews and focus group discussions. Historical weather data, particularly of rainfall, were analyzed to see the rainfall pattern and linked to agriculture production over time. Almost nine out of 10 farm families were marginal farmers and 60% of the household face food deficit half a year. Most of the respondents reported changes in climate and agriculture production practices. Historical rainfall data confirmed that the rainfall trend was declining by 13.77 mm per year. The average rainfall of the nearest station (Manthali) was 1008 mm, which is almost half of the national average. Since rain-fed farming predominates in the area, drought events have negatively affected agriculture and local livelihood. Due to drought 18% of the paddy land was converted to Bari land. Similarly, cold spells along with increasing foggy days aggravated the occurrence of pest and diseases affecting winter crops far more than what it used to be. Landraces of many crops had disappeared and new invasive species started appearing in the farmlands. Farmers had shifted from large animals to smaller ones as a coping strategy. Adoption of new crop varieties, crop rotation, rainwater harvesting and use of plastic tunnel in vegetable farming were the major new practices introduced in the area which have a greater potential for out- and up-scaling. However, strong institutional supports are required to build stakeholders (including farmers) capacity to experiment with adaptive strategies.
Carbon stock estimation of Shree Rabutar Forest of Gaurishankar Conservation Area, Dolakha, Nepal
Authors: Gubhaju Karishma , Pant Dipesh Raj , Sapkota Ramesh Prasad
Published: August 2020

Forests store significant amount of atmospheric carbon in the form of above and below ground biomass and the amount of carbon stored in forests differs along spatial continuum which provides important information regarding forest quality. This study was carried out to estimate the carbon stock of Shree Rabutar Forest of Gaurishankar Conservation Area, Dolakha, Nepal. In total, 20 circular sampling plots with an area 250 m2 were randomly laid in the study area. Ten tree species were observed in the sampling plots laid in the forest. The higher values of density, frequency, abundance and basal area were observed for Rhododendron arboreum, Alnus nepalensis, Pinus roxburghii and Pinus wallichiana. On the basis of Important Value Index, the dominant tree in the forest was Alnus nepalensis followed by Rhododendron arboreum and Pinus roxburghii. Shannon Index of general diversity of trees in the forest was 0.74 with equal value of Evenness Index, whereas the index of dominance was low (0.22) in the forest. Mean biomass of the forest was 464.01±66.71 tonha-1 contributed by above ground tree biomass (384.44 tonha-1), leaf litter, herbs and grasses biomass (2.69±0.196 tonha-1) and below ground tree biomass (76.88±11.13 tonha-1). Mean carbon stock was 262.77±30.79 tonha-1 including soil carbon stock 44.69±2.25 tonha-1. Individuals of trees with 20-30 cm DBH class were observed in maximum number, which shows that the forest has high potential to sequester carbon over time. Carbon stock estimation and forest management can be one of the potential strategies for climate change mitigation especially through carbon dioxide absorption by the forests.
Q1 Hamlet
Authors: Kelly Charles Adams , Plehn Dayna Leigh
Published: August 2020

The case for Q1 Hamlet as a pre-Q2 text is coming into focus as the findings of several scholars are reconciled. Additionally, a finding related to the Brudermord text has helped mark that text as a predecessor to both Q1 and Q2/F, with further implications for Q1 as a pre-Q2 text. As this view of Q1 becomes accepted, patterns of Q1 vs. Q2 variance advance the case for Q1 as being the author’s draft of the text that became the censor-approved ‘allowed book’. There is no way to know how most of the Q1 vs. Q2 textual variants progressed from Q1 as printed, to the non-extant allowed book from which the players’ parts were copied, and finally to Q2. However, the 577 Q1 lines that are identifiably concordant but variant to lines in Q2 represent a category of Q1 lines that will be of interest to those planning to edit or stage Q1 Hamlet.
Kant’s Contradiction in Conception Test
Authors: Furner James
Published: August 2020

Abstract

The contradiction in conception test (CC test) is one of two tests posed by Kant’s Formula of the Law of Nature. This article proposes a new interpretation of this test: a causal-teleological version of the Logical Contradiction Interpretation (LCI). Its distinctive feature is that it identifies causal and teleological implications in the thought of a universal law of nature. A causal-teleological version of LCI has two advantages. While the established view of the Groundwork’s applications of the CC test is a hybrid view that treats the Groundwork’s arguments as different in kind, a causal-teleological version of LCI unifies the Groundwork’s applications of the CC test. Relatedly, a causal-teleological version of LCI provides a solution to the problem of how the CC test can confirm the impermissibility of a self-directed maxim.
PENJADWALAN SHIFT KERJA MENGGUNAKAN METODE ALGORITMA TIBREWALA, PHILIPPE, DAN BROWNE DI BAGIAN ASSY INSPECTION PT. HI-LEX PARTS INDONESIA
Authors: Taufik Agus
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang dilakukan pada PT. Hi-Lex Parts Indonesia di bagian Assy Inspection yang meliputi proses penjadwalan sistem shift kerja yang menggunakan Metode Algoritma Tibrewala,Philippe, dan Browne. Metode ini pertama kali diperkenalkan oleh Tibrewala, Philippe, dan Browne pada tahun 1972. Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk memenuhi permintaan terhadap pekerja dengan meminimumkan jumlah pekerja yang harus disiapkan. Dari hasil penelitian dan analisis ini dapat diketahui bahwa Metode Algoritma Tibrewala, Philippe, dan Browne memerlukan tambahan tenaga kerja sebanyak 27 orang menggunakan sistem 5 hari kerja dengan 40 jam kerja per minggu tanpa ada kerja lembur dan mengurangi pengeluaran biaya upah lembur sebesar 11% (sebelas persen) dalam 1 tahun
ANALISIS KUALITAS PELAYANAN PARKIR DENGAN METODE SERVQUAL, IPA DAN QFD UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN DI PT. SECURINDO PACKATAMA INDONESIA
Authors: Alfatiyah Rini
Published: August 2020

Perkembangan industri jasa di Indonesia semakin menunjukkan keberadaan dan pertumbuhannya; Industri jasa parkir tidak terkecuali. PT. Securindo Packatama Indonesia adalah perusahaan layanan parkir yang mengatur manajemen parkir di Mall Senayan. Karena jumlah pengunjung sangat besar, terdapat beberapa faktor mempengaruhi tingkat kepuasan pelanggan, yang mempengaruhi kualitas pelayanan yang menurun. Oleh karena itu, untuk mengetahui kepuasan layanan pelayan, survei ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis kepuasan pelanggan dengan layanan parkir di Plaza Senayan Mall menggunakan tiga metode, termasuk Servqual, IPA dan QFD. Penelitian dilakukan dengan sampel 100 responden. Hasil analisis data menggunakan metode Servqual menunjukkan tingkat reliabilitas -0,17, responsiveness -0,068, assurance 0,184, emphaty 0,03, tangibles 0,02, yang berarti secara umum, ada aspek yang tidak memenuhi kepuasan pelanggan. Sedangkan dalam metode IPA, hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa ada 6 atribut yang harus ditingkatkan dan dalam metode QFD, hasil analisis data yang diperoleh dari matriks kualitas rumah/House Of Quality (HOQ) menunjukkan penerapan budaya 4S dengan nilai bobot tertinggi. dari 113,13, perencanaan Dalam strategi kepuasan pelanggan, prioritas yang harus diterapkan oleh perusahaan adalah untuk menerapkan budaya 4S (Senyum, Salam, Sapa, Sopan).
Implementasi Teknik Equivalence Partitions untuk Pengujian Black Box pada Sistem Informasi DAPODIKDASMEN
Authors: Putra Alvin Pratama , Nurdin Noviar , Rondonuwu Rio Valentino , Kusyadi Irpan
Published: August 2020

DAPODIKDASMEN (Data Pokok Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah) is an application that is very important for schools to be used in managing all data related to institutional, curriculum, student data, teacher data, and employee data, as well as data on facilities and infrastructure of all schools in Indonesia and schools- Indonesian schools abroad. This application is quite complex, if something goes wrong can result in large losses. For this reason, testing of features in the DAPODIKDASMEN application is needed to ensure that there are no problems that cause losses, especially for stakeholders (stakeholders), this test is carried out to provide assurance that the DAPODIKDASMEN application is error free and suitable for use. Testing the DAPODIKDASMEN application is proposed by Black Box using the Equivalence Partitions technique so that errors / defects can be identified and can be corrected immediately. The results of testing with the Equivalence Partitions technique can find errors that exist due to errors in the pre-coding stage, as well as unintentional errors in coding, so that the resulting application can be guaranteed to be of high quality and in accordance with established requirements.
Limites e possibilidades do tradutor-intérprete de libras educacional e o surdo
Authors: Valim Eliangela Nascimento , Raggi Désirée Gonçalves
Published: August 2020

Foi investigado o papel do Tradutor Intérprete em Libras (TILS) nas escolas com alunos surdos não alfabetizados em Libras, para analisar os limites e possíveis soluções que estes profissionais para tal problemas. Para verificar esta questão, foram levantados dados por meio de questionários entregues a 8 TILS e 5 professores regentes (PR) de uma escola da rede estadual em Vitória – Espírito Santo. Com a análise dos dados foi possível verificar que os TILS utilizam formas alternativas para comunicar-se com os alunos em questão e promover a mediação entre eles os PR. Percebeu-se ainda que há um grande problema de comunicação entre os TILS e os demais profissionais da escola, acarretando prejuízo aos alunos. Viu-se a necessidade de mudanças quanto a equipe pedagógica da escola afim de beneficiar os alunos.
Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Android untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Siswa
Authors: Putri Dian Puspita Eka
Published: August 2020

This study aims to review  the effectiveness of using android-based multimedia learning  to improve achievement cognitive learning outcome of students. The research method is the analysis of field studies. The focus in this research is Multimedia which can influence cognitive learning outcomes of students. data obtained in this study from the literature and direct field observations. The research subjects were high school students in Yogyakarta. The result of analysis and discussion of research indicate that there is the influence of multimedia learning to increase student achievement, which is indicated by increasing post-test result  than before  not using multimedia learning. Posttest value is greater than pretest.
Sigurður Árni Þórðarson, Limits and Life: Meaning and Metaphors in the Religious Language of Iceland (Peter Lang: American University Studies, 2012)
Authors: Þórsteinsson Pétur Björgvin
Published: August 2020

“How did the people think, pray and make their lives meaningful in an isolated, underground sod farm in Iceland some centuries ago? In the summer everything enjoyed the bliss of creation in an endless bosom of light nights. Even the roofs turned green and yellow in response to the gentle strokes of the bright winds in a world of pulsing restlessness. Too soon the decay of fall set in. As prey to thundering storms of winter, the inhabitants of the small houses were left to some uncertain destiny. Above, the threats hovered in the sky. All around the forces of natural evil came closer. The world of myths creped into the minds and bones. Like a beast awakened from a summer trance, a precarious world suddenly echoed its appearance in the stories, the nannies’ warnings, the poems recited, and the religion practiced.” (p.51)
T. Kue Young (senior ed.) and Rajiv Rawat, Winifred Dallmann, Susan Chatwood and Peter Bjerregaard (eds.), Circumpolar Health Atlas (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2012)
Authors: Johnstone Rachael L.
Published: August 2020

The Circumpolar Health Atlas is one of the latest in a long line of worthy publications emerging out of the International Polar Year. Much of the data on which it is based has been published in the solemn Health Transitions in Arctic Populations (2008) by two of the same editorial team but the figures have all been updated in this much more accessible volume.
Leiðarvísir, an Old Norse itinerarium: a proposal for a new partial translation and some notes about the place-names
Authors: Giampiccolo Luana
Published: August 2020

This text, which has undergone a number of modifications, began with an in-depth analysis and a revision of an Old Norse itinerary – unique in the medieval period.
Characteristics of the genetic structure of the β-casein gene of producers approved for use in Ukraine in 2020
Authors: Ladyka V. , Sklyarenko Y. , Pavlenko Y.
Published: August 2020

The modern topical issue in dairy cattle breeding is the study of the relationship between hereditary factors that determine the types of proteins in milk. Casein is the main component of milk proteins and is represented by three fractions - alpha (CSN1S1), beta (CSN2) and capa (CSN3). The content of individual casein fractions depends on the breed of cows. Scientists point out some grand questions as for the promotion of milk proteins, like beta-casein, affecting on such disorders as type-1 diabetes, schizophrenia, autism and the sudden death of an infant. The economic component that will ensure the attractiveness of creating the dairy herds completed with animals of genotype A2 A2 is the higher price of raw milk in comparison with conventional milk. The aim of this work is to evaluate the genotype of bulls-producers by the beta-casein gene, which are allowed to be used in Ukrainian farms in 2020. It is established that the majority of such bulls-producers are evaluated by the genotype of betta-casein. The largest proportion of bulls with the desired A2A2 genotype was found in red Danish and red Norwegian bulls. A greater proportion of A1A1 genotypes are characterized by Holstein bulls of red-mottled color. The largest proportion of the desired A2 allele was found in bulls of red Danish, red Norwegian and Guernsay breeds. Producers of Holstein and Ayshire breeds were characterized by a smaller proportion of this allele. It was found that the use of sperm of bulls approved for use in 2020 with the A2A2 by β-casein genotype on the breeding stock of domestic breeds will improve the economically useful characteristics of offspring, and will contribute the desired genotype of cows. As a result of the analysis of the genotype of Holstein and Swiss breeds that were used in breeding farms of Sumy region over the past three years, we found that 38 Holstein bulls were used in breeding farms and in breeding plants, among which 11% were evaluated by the β-casein gene. Among 12 Shvits bulls that were used in farms of the region, only 42% were evaluated by the β-casein genotype. This confirms that the work with the formation of dairy herds completed with animals of genotype A2 A2 in Sumy region was not carried out.
Key words: breed, bull, β-casein, genotype, allele, daughters milk productivity.
The Sows productivity and annual dynamics of piglet growth depending on the design features of the microclimate system
Authors: Mykhalko O. , Povod M.
Published: August 2020

This article studied the dependence of the reproductive qualities of sows and the intensity of Danish suckling piglets growth on the seasons and the structural features of the microclimate system in the gender. It was found that sows kept in rooms with a geothermal ventilation system had better retention rates, weights of 1 head at weaning, masses of piglets at weaning, fewer and proportion of still-born pigs compared to analogues that were kept during this period in the classical system of support the climate. At the same time, there are no significant differences in the number of piglets at birth and their number when weaned. The estimated index for a limited number of reproductive traits and the breeding index of sows were also found higher in 1,01% and 1,09%, respectively, as for sows whose suckers were subjected to geothermal ventilation. There is no significant difference between the absolute, average and relative growth rates of piglets maintained under different microclimate systems throughout the year. This is due to the weak influence of the ventilation type factor on the growth rate within 7,71 – 10,20%. The intensity of growth of suckling pigs in the conditions of the both industrial complex ventilation systems of pigsties increased in winter and spring and decreased in summer and autumn. It was caused by a significant strong influence of the factor of season influence on the absolute, average and relative growths, which characterize it within 21,83 to 23,54%. Due to the identified dependence of the reproductive qualities of sows and the intensity of suckling pigsgrowth on the type of ventilation and the time of year, it should be noted that further studies of these factors influence are important to continue.
Key words: sow, piglet, type of ventilation, multiple pregnancy, weight of the nest of piglets, safety, season of the year.
Microalbuminuria and Its Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Thakur Sanjay Kumar , Dhakal Sukesh Purush , Parajuli Shreeya , Sah Anil Kumar , Nepal Suresh Prasad , Paudel Bishnu Dutta
Published: August 2020

Background: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the dreaded complications of diabetes leading to chronic kidney disease and end stage renal failure globally. Microalbuminuria is the most sensitive marker of early recognition of the diabetic nephropathy. This study was carried out to find out the prevalence and potential risk factors of microalbuminuria which is the marker of diabetic nephropathy among diabetes patients in Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a random sample of 227 in T2DM patients in private diabetic clinics and Bir hospital in Kathmandu. Data were collected using standard questionnaire format to collect demography, anthropometry, and laboratory assessment of, HbA1c, post prandial, fasting glucose and micro albumin in urine. Micro albuminuria was measured using early morning urine specimen. Micro albuminuria was considered positive when urinary albumin to creatinine ratio was found to be 30–300 mg/g creatinine in preferably an early morning or a spot urine sample. The entire lab test will be done by applying the internationally accepted standards of tools and techniques.Those that were reported >30mg/mL of micro albumin were considered as positive. Results:  Out of total 217 diabetic patients, 56.2% (122/217) were male and 43.8% (95/217) were female. Among all age groups, maximum patients enrolled were between the age group 41 to 80 (95%).Of the total, 20% (44/217)) patientswereMA positive. A statistical significant association was seen between MA and BMI (p=0.029), duration of DM (p=<0.001, hypertension (p=<0.001, smoking (p=<0.001) and physical activity (p=<0.001). Conclusions: Diabetic patients in Nepal have prevalence of 20.3% microalbuminurea. Hypertension, obesity, sedentary lifestyles, duration more than 5 years of illness are found the most important risk factors for the development of microalbuminurea in diabetes.     Keywords:  Mellitus; microalbuminuria; type 2 diabetes
Determinants of Infertility in Couples
Authors: Tamrakar Suman Raj , Bastakoti Rashmi
Published: August 2020

Background: Infertility is defined as a couple’s inability to conceive after a period of twelve months of regular unprotected intercourse. Infertility globally affects approximately 10-15% of couples. This study was carried out to find out the determinants of infertility among infertile couples.Methods: This is a retrospective review of records of 3231 infertile couples in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dhulikhel Hospital from January 1, 2008 to June 30, 2018. A total of 3231 infertile couples were evaluated by reviewing their case history including demographic parameters and investigations performed.Results: Mean age of female cases seeking infertility treatment was 26.85 (±4.78) years and that of male cases was 29.81±3.18 years. About three quarter (74.7%) of the cases was of primary type. Almost half of infertility cases (48.8%) were having only female factor. Of the female contributory factors, half of them (52.12%) had ovulatory cause. Male factors contributed 23.9% of cases and 22.7% cases had abnormality in semen analysis while 1.2% had other sexual dysfunction. Mixed type of infertility was seen in 26.6% and unexplained factors had contribution of 14.4%. Conclusions: Primary infertility cases are three times more common in Dhulikhel hospital.Ovulatory cause was the most common contributory factors among female infertile cases while abnormality in semen parameter was the commonest problem among male infertile cases. Thorough evaluation and repeated visits were required to find out the apparent determinants of infertility problem.Keywords: Female factor; hysterosalpingography; infertility; ovulatory dysfunction; semen analysis.
Ammateille soi jo kuolonkellot
Authors: Makkonen Mikko
Published: August 2020

Ihminen on organisoitu työhön 1800-luvulta lähtien ammatin kautta ja työ ammatin mukaan. Tämä on laajasti merkinnyt paitsi ammattiroolien muodostumista, myös vastaavia ideologisia käsityksiä työstä ja yhteiskunnasta sekä yksilöllisiä älykkyys- ja kykyteorioita. Kuitenkin 1970-luvulla yksilötyöhön perustuva ammattityö alkoi selvästi kriisiytyä ja kehittyi tendenssejä tehdä työtä kollektiiviselta perustalta. Tässä artikkelissa kirjoittaja pohdiskelee alkanutta kollektiivityön kehitysnäköaloja ja sen vaikutuksia laajalle inhimilliseen kulttuuriin. Pohdiskelussaan kirjoittaja yhdistää muunmuassa perheterapeuttisen viitekehyksen ajattelumalleja kehittävän työntutkimuksen ajattelumalleihin. Keskeisiä näkökulmia ovat roolinmuodostumisen, tiedonkulun ja vallankäytön tarkastelu ihmistä organisoitaessa työhön. Tässä prosessissa koulutus on eräs muutos keino ja koulutusteorioiden ydin on suhtautuminen muutokseen. Millainen on muutoksen teoria, sellainen on myös koulutuksen teoria.
Analisis Kualitatif Hubungan Budaya Kerja Organisasi dengan Opini Audit
Authors: Nurhidayah Nurhidayah , B Indayani
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan pengetahuan tentang hubungan antara buda kerja organisasi denga opini audit  pada Pemerintahan Daerah Kabupaten Majene. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan induktif. pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan melalui pengumpulan data dengan observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara selanjutnya melakukan analisis data dengan cara mengidentifikasikan dan transkripsi hasil observasi, kuesioner dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya kerja organisasi berhubungan dengan opini audit, hal ini ditunjukkan atas lima budaya kerja organisasi yang diterapkan oleh Pemerintahan Kabupaten Majene yang berhubungan dengan perolehan opini audit wajar tanpa pengecualian yaitu budaya Transparansi, Budaya Etika Publik, Budaya Komunikatif, Budaya Anti Korupsi dan Budaya Disiplin serta Teliti, dalam penelitian ini diberi nama atau istilah TEKAD. Kelima budaya ini utamanya diaplikasikan dalam penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah (LKPD), Transparansi dalam penyajian laporan, memahami etika publik dan menyadari peranan sebagai pelayan publik, menjunjung nilai anti korupsi dalam pelaksanaan dan pelaporan Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah (LKPD), dan Disiplin dalam ketepatan waktu pelaporan, serta teliti di setiap tahap-tahap penyusunan laporan.
Prevalence, comorbidities, diagnosis, and treatment of nonallergic rhinitis: real-world comparison with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Yum Hye Yung , Ha Eun Kyo , Shin Yoon Ho , Han Man Yong
Published: August 2020

Rhinitis is among the most common respiratory diseases in children. Nonallergic rhinitis, which involves nasal symptoms without evidence of systemic allergic inflammation or infection, is a heterogeneous entity with diverse manifestations and intensities. Nonallergic rhinitis accounts for 16%–89% of the chronic rhinitis cases, affecting 1%–50% (median 10%) of the total pediatric population. The clinical course of nonallergic rhinitis is generally rather mild and less likely to be associated with allergic comorbidities than allergic rhinitis. Here, we aimed to estimate the rate of coexisting comorbidities of nonallergic rhinitis. Nonallergic rhinitis is more prevalent during the first 2 years of life; however, its underestimation for children with atopic tendencies is likely due to low positive rates of specific allergic tests during early childhood. Local allergic rhinitis is a recently noted phenotype with rates similar to those in adults (median, 44%; range, 4%–67%), among patients previously diagnosed with nonallergic rhinitis. Idiopathic rhinitis, a subtype of nonallergic rhinitis, has been poorly studied in children, and its rates are known to be lower than those in adults. The prevalence of nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome is even lower. A correlation between nonallergic rhinitis and pollution has been suggested owing to the recent increase in nonallergic rhinitis rates in highly developing regions such as some Asian countries, but many aspects remain unknown. Conventional treatments include antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, and recent treatments include combination of intranasal corticosteroids with azelastin or decongestants. Here we review the prevalence, diagnosis, comorbidities, and treatment recommendations for nonallergic rhinitis versus allergic rhinitis in children.
The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children with acute fulminant myocarditis
Authors: Heinsar Silver , Raman Sainath , Suen Jacky Y. , Cho Hwa Jin , Fraser John F.
Published: August 2020

Acute fulminant myocarditis (AFM) occurs as an inflammatory response to an initial myocardial insult. Its rapid and deadly progression calls for prompt diagnosis with aggressive treatment measures. The demonstration of its excellent recovery potential has led to increasing use of mechanical circulatory support, especially extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Arrhythmias, organ failure, elevated cardiac biomarkers, and decreased ventricular function at presentation predict requirement for ECMO. In these patients, ECMO should be considered earlier as the clinical course of AFM can be unpredictable and can lead to rapid haemodynamic collapse. Key uncertainties that clinicians face when managing children with AFM such as timing of initiation of ECMO and left ventricular decompression need further investigation.
Local-Topology-Based Scaling for Distance Preserving Dimension Reduction Method to Improve Classification of Biomedical Data-Sets
Authors: Khosla Karaj , Jha Indra Prakash , Kumar Ajit , Kumar Vibhor
Published: August 2020

Dimension reduction is often used for several procedures of analysis of high dimensional biomedical data-sets such as classification or outlier detection. To improve the performance of such data-mining steps, preserving both distance information and local topology among data-points could be more useful than giving priority to visualization in low dimension. Therefore, we introduce topology-preserving distance scaling (TPDS) to augment a dimension reduction method meant to reproduce distance information in a higher dimension. Our approach involves distance inflation to preserve local topology to avoid collapse during distance preservation-based optimization. Applying TPDS on diverse biomedical data-sets revealed that besides providing better visualization than typical distance preserving methods, TPDS leads to better classification of data points in reduced dimension. For data-sets with outliers, the approach of TPDS also proves to be useful, even for purely distance-preserving method for achieving better convergence.
Cross-Camera Erased Feature Learning for Unsupervised Person Re-Identification
Authors: Wu Shaojun , Gao Ling
Published: August 2020

Most supervised person re-identification methods show their excellent performance, but using labeled datasets is very expensive, which limits its application in practical scenarios. To solve the scalability problem, we propose a Cross-camera Erased Feature Learning (CEFL) framework for unsupervised person re-identification that learns discriminative features from image appearances without manual annotations, where both of the cross-camera global image appearance and the local details are explored. Specifically, for the global appearance, in order to bridge the gap between images with the same identities under different cameras, we generate style-transferred images. The network is trained to classify the original images, the style-transferred images and the negative samples. To learn the partial details of the images, we generate erased images and train the network to pull the similar erased images together and push the dissimilar ones away. In addition, we joint learn the discriminative global and local information to learn a more robust model. Global and erased features are used together in feature learning which are successful conjunction of BFENet. A large number of experiments show the superiority of CEFL in unsupervised pedestrian re-identification.
Evaluation of the Productivity of New Spring Cereal Mixture to Optimize Cultivation under Different Soil Conditions
Authors: Leszczyńska Danuta , Klimek-Kopyra Agnieszka , Patkowski Krzysztof
Published: August 2020

The aim of the study was to evaluate grain yields, protein yields, and net metabolic energy yields of different combinations of spring types of barley, oat, and wheat arranged in 10 mixtures and grown under different soil types. Naked cultivars of barley and oat were used. The three-year field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Advisory Centre in Szepietowo, Poland. The study showed that the major factor determining yields of the mixtures was soil quality. Within the better soil (Albic Luvisols), the highest yield was achieved by a mixture of covered barley and wheat and by a mixture of covered barley with covered oats and wheat, but only in treatments with lower sowing density. Moreover, on the better soil, significantly higher protein yields were obtained for mixtures of barley (covered or naked grains) with wheat as compared to the mixture of covered barley with covered oats, or the mixture of covered barley with naked oats and wheat. The highest yields of net metabolic energy, regardless of soil type, were obtained from a mixture of naked barley with wheat, while the lowest from a mixture of covered barley with naked oats and wheat. Mixed sowings increase biodiversity of canopies, which allows a better use of production space. They also increase health and the productivity of plants.
Scion × Rootstock Response on Production, Mineral Composition and Fruit Quality under Heavy-Calcareous Soil and Hot Climate
Authors: Font i Forcada Carolina , Reig Gemma , Mestre Lucía , Mignard Pierre , Betrán Jesús Ángel , Moreno María Ángeles
Published: August 2020

Since there are many different factors which affect peach orchard profitability, it is necessary to conduct long-term studies to find the best scion/rootstock combination within the constraints imposed by local climate and economic conditions. The influence of six peach-almond hybrids (“Adafuel”, “Adarcias”, Garnem”, “GF 677”, “PADAC 9902-01” and “Rootpac 70”); one P. persica × P. davidiana hybrid: “Cadaman”; five hexaploid plums (“Adesoto 101”, “PM 44 AD”, “PM 105 AD”, “PM 150 AD”, and “Penta”); three plum × peach-almond hybrids (“PADAC 04-01”, “PADAC 04-03” and “PADAC 99-05”), and one plum x almond hybrid (“Rootpac R”) on agronomic, basic fruit quality parameters, and flower and leaf mineral nutrients of the “Big Top” nectarine was tested. The highest vigor was induced by “Adafuel”, while the lowest vigor was exhibited by “PM 105 AD”, although the latter did not differ from the rest of the rootstocks. Yield efficiency was higher for “Adesoto 101” and lower for “Adafuel”. Regarding the soluble solids content (SSC), “PADAC 04-01” rootstock induced the highest average content, although it did not differ from “Adarcias”, “Adesoto 101”, “PADAC 99-05”, “PM 105 AD”, and “Rootpac R”. In addition, significant effect of rootstock was found on the flower and leaf mineral analysis traits evaluated. The medium (“Adarcias”, “Adesoto 101”, “PM 105 AD”) to high vigorous plum based hybrid rootstocks (“PADAC 04-01”, “PADAC 99-05” and “Rootpac R”) showed the tendency to induce a better fruit quality, based on higher concentration of SSC, and other yield attributes, demonstrating their commercial interest as new rootstocks for peaches. Considering its overall performance, “PADAC 04-01” appears as a new promising rootstock alternative to peach-almond hybrids on heavy and calcareous textured soils.
The Development of Winter Wheat Yield and Quality under Different Fertilizer Regimes and Soil-Climatic Conditions in the Czech Republic
Authors: Hlisnikovský Lukáš , Menšík Ladislav , Kunzová Eva
Published: August 2020

Farmers must adapt to the changes brought about by the changing climate and market requirements. These adaptations are associated with fertilization—the availability of organic manures and mineral fertilizers and crop rotations. What is the effect of organic manures on wheat and soil? Is it necessary to apply mineral phosphorus P and potassium (K) fertilizers to the wheat? These questions are frequently asked in workshops in different growing areas. To provide a relevant answer on this issue, we evaluated how farmyard manure (FYM), mineral nitrogen (N) applied without phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilizers, and application of NPK affected grain yield, grain quality, and soil properties under different soil-climate conditions (Ivanovice—Chernozem, Caslav—Phaeozem, Lukavec—Cambisol) between 2015 and 2018. The FYM significantly increased grain yield even after three years since being applied and incorporated into the soil in all localities, but its application didnot affect grain quality. In the soil, the FYM significantly increased total nitrogen Nt, P, and K content in all localities and oxidable carbon Cox content in two localities. Mineral nitrogen significantly affected grain yield and quality and increased concentrations of soil N and C, but decreased pH in Caslav. Application of mineral P and K wasnot connected with a positive effect on grain yield and quality, but increased the concentration of these elements in the soil, preventing depletion of these elements from the soil. Maximal yields were recorded when 70–98 kg N ha−1 was applied in Ivanovice, 55–72 kg N ha−1 in Caslav, and 155 kg N ha−1 in Lukavec.
Modeling Water Flow and Phosphorus Sorption in a Soil Amended with Sewage Sludge and Olive Pomace as Compost or Biochar
Authors: Filipović Vilim , Černe Marko , Šimůnek Jiří , Filipović Lana , Romić Marija , Ondrašek Gabrijel , Bogunović Igor , Mustać Ivan , Krevh Vedran , Ferenčević Anja , Robinson David , Palčić Igor , Pasković Igor , Goreta Ban Smiljana , Užila Zoran , Ban Dean
Published: August 2020

Organic amendments are often reported to improve soil properties, promote plant growth, and improve crop yield. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the biochar and compost produced from sewage sludge and olive pomace on soil hydraulic properties, water flow, and P transport (i.e., sorption) using numerical modeling (HYDRUS-1D) applied to two soil types (Terra Rosa and Rendzina). Evaporation and leaching experiments on soil cores and repacked soil columns were performed to determine the soil water retention, hydraulic conductivity, P leaching potential, and P sorption capacity of these mixtures. In the majority of treatments, the soil water retention showed a small increase compared to the control soil. A reliable fit with the modified van Genuchten model was found, which was also confirmed by water flow modeling of leaching experiments (R2 0.99). The results showed a high P sorption in all the treatments (Kd 21.24 to 53.68 cm3 g−1), and a high model reliability when the inverse modeling procedure was used (R2 0.93–0.99). Overall, adding sewage sludge or olive pomace as compost or biochar improved the Terra Rosa and Rendzina water retention and did not increase the P mobility in these soils, proving to be a sustainable source of carbon and P-rich materials.
Effects of Strategic Tillage on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Grain Yield in the North China Plain
Authors: Liu Qiuyue , Kan Zhengrong , He Cong , Zhang Hailin
Published: August 2020

No-till (NT) practice has been widely adopted to improve soil quality, but soil compaction and soil organic carbon (SOC) stratification under long-term NT limit crop production. Strategic tillage (ST), based on single tillage, is proposed as an attractive management practice to sustain the benefits of continuous NT and mitigate its adverse effects. Four tillage systems, including continuous rotary tillage (RT), NT, rotary tillage + subsoiling (RS), and no-till + subsoiling (NS), were implemented to investigate the effects of strategic tillage (i.e., RS and NS) on soil physical properties (compaction and aggregates), SOC, and crop yield in the North China Plain (NCP). The results showed that ST as expected decreased soil bulk density, penetration resistance, and SOC stratification compared with RT and NT at 0–20 cm soil depth (p < 0.05). At 0–10 cm soil depth, more macroaggregates (>0.25 mm) were observed in NT and NS, contributing to higher mean weight and geometric mean diameters, this compared with RT and RS. Additionally, macroaggregate associated SOC was higher, thus resulting in higher SOC storage in NT (31.4–33.4 Mg ha −1) and NS (33.3–35.4 Mg ha−1) at 0–30 cm depth (p < 0.05). Low soil compaction and high SOC in NS were beneficial for the grain yield of wheat and maize, significantly higher by 8.7–32.5% and 14.0–29.8% compared with the other treatments, respectively (p < 0.05). Based on our findings, NS seems to be a promising alternative tillage system to improve soil physicochemical properties and crop production in the NCP. More studies are therefore needed to better understand the benefit of NS.