bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Usability of a Web-based Software Tool for History Taking in the Emergency Department
Authors:   Emergency Department, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Frey Renggli Johanna , Eken Ceylan ,   Emergency Department, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Siegrist Victoria ,   Emergency Department, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Nieves Ortega Ricardo ,   Emergency Department, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Nickel Christian ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Rosin Christiane ,   Emergency Department, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Hertwig Ralph ,   Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany, Bingisser Ronald ,   Emergency Department, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Published: June 2021

Medical history taking is an important step within the diagnostic process. This study aims to assess the quality and usability (effectiveness, satisfaction, efficiency) of a web-based medical history taking app in the emergency department. During three weeks, patients and junior physicians filled out study questionnaires about the app. Senior physicians rated the quality of medical histories taken by junior physicians and app. In 241 patients, the studied app showed excellent usability with patients not in need of immediate medical attention. Senior physicians rated medical histories as more complete when app was used by patients in comparison to conventional history taking alone (p<0.01). Current app could not substitute medical history taking by physicians, but could definitely rather be used to gather ancillary information.
Proteus mirabilis – a rare cause of non-HACEK Gram-negative infective endocarditis
Authors:   Hospital for Tropical diseases, University College London Hospital, London, UK, De Wilton Angus , Margaritis Marios ,   Hospital for Tropical diseases, University College London Hospital, London, UK, Mills Henrietta ,   Hospital for Tropical diseases, University College London Hospital, London, UK, Logan Sarah ,   The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, University College London Hospital 235 Euston Road, London, NW1 2BU, Hatcher James ,   London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK, Morris-Jones Stephen ,   Department of Clinical Microbiology, University College London Hospital, London, UK
Published: June 2021

Infective endocarditis caused by Proteus mirabilis is strikingly rare. Here, we describe the case of an 86-year old man with five recurrent septic episodes over a period of three months associated with Proteus mirabilis bacteraemia secondary to underlying Proteus endocarditis. The final diagnosis was made based on clinical findings, blood culture results and transoesophageal echocardiogram. The patient was treated medically with 6 weeks of ceftriaxone and long-term oral ciprofloxacin. On completion of intravenous therapy the patient remained well. We performed a literature review and found this to be only the fourth confirmed case of Proteus mirabilis endocarditis successfully treated with antibiotic therapy alone. This case highlights an important but rare cause of endocarditis, reinforcing the need to consider this diagnosis in recurrent Gram-negative bacteraemia even if by an atypical organism.
INTRODUÇÃO AO PENSAMENTO REFORMACIONAL DE HERMAN DOOYEWEERD
Authors: Viana Davi Tavares
Published: June 2021

Este artigo apresenta o pensamento introdutório de Herman Dooyeweerd (1894-1977), jusfilósofo membro da Academia Real Holandesa de Ciências e Artes pouco conhecido no Brasil, porém notabilizado internacionalmente por significativa contribuição para a filosofia e outras áreas do conhecimento. O artigo está dividido em quatro momentos. No primeiro, apresentam-se como possíveis soluções à crítica positivista ao discurso metafísico dooyeweerdiano a resposta realista (pós-positivista) defendidas por Alvin Plantinga, William Alston e Richard Swinburne. No segundo, serão tratados sucintamente as principais contribuições do seu pensamento manifestadas através da filosofia da ideia cosmonômica cujo principal objetivo foi a tentativa de reformar a razão. Logo em seguida, será apresentada a crítica do filósofo americano PhD pela Universidade de Havard, Nícolas Wolterstorff, ao filósofo holandês. E, por fim, visando conferir um efeito prático à teoria reformacional dooyeweerdiana será indicada uma possível solução para a polaridade existente na filosofia política entre o poder político e a justiça.
O MUNDO CAÍDO: UM CONCEITO ANALÍTICO PARA O PECADO
Authors: De Araújo Idilio Oliveira
Published: June 2021

É comum o pensamento em que se julga uma conduta que não se enquadra em determinado mandamento divino como pecado. Argumenta-se que não existe pecado maior ou menor e que pecado é pecado e tem como consequência a morte espiritual. A partir desse pensamento desenvolvo o conceito analítico de pecado, não como um ato, mas como um percurso, com suas atenuantes, agravantes e consequências. O presente artigo faz uma análise da Teoria Formal do Crime e a partir deste ponto controvertido fixa o conceito analítico de pecado. Ilustro o tema descrevendo a visão de John Piper sobre a graça futura e a sua relação com um dos elementos do conceito de pecado bem como a resposta de Zaffaroni sobre conduta humana.
Hermenêutica, narrativa, ação e cosmologia:
Authors: Lima Ribeiro Saulo Duarte
Published: June 2021

A tarefa da hermenêutica é reconstruir o sentido do texto e a referência, e sabe-se que a definição do significado de um texto mudou muito, tendo como alguns expoentes da hermenêutica Hans-Georg Gadamer, Paul Ricoeur e E. D. Hirsch, sendo Gadamer quem concebe uma miscelânea de operações no que se refere à escrita. A correspondência da imaginação ao argumento do tempo é operada no campo da atribuição narrativa. Em seu Do Texto à Acção, Ricoeur relaciona hermenêutica, ação humana e texto, efetivando fenomenologia como hermenêutica e apresentando a relevância da linguagem e criatividade no processo hermenêutico. Em O si-mesmo como o outro, Ricoeur traz uma análise acerca da tarefa inicial de reorientação do que analisa, libertando-o da prerrogativa da auto-reflexão. Em  Tempo e narrativa, Ricoeur em seu capítulo Tempo da alma e tempo do mundo analisa a investigação cosmológica a partir das perspectivas principalmente para Aristóteles e Agostinho sobre o tempo, observando que a consciência humana tem potencial para transitar sobre mais de um sentido, de forma que o mesmo se dispõe a buscar uma terceira resolução à aporia da temporalidade apresentada nos dois pensadores. O presente artigo busca trazer uma breve análise da hermenêutica e cosmologia a partir da perspectiva de Paul Ricoeur.
A Metanoia de uma conversão
Authors: DE ASSIS JHONATA SANTOS
Published: June 2021

Este artigo tem o objetivo de investigar o processo de conversão, especificamente ao cristianismo. Para isso, remontamos aos conceitos originais empregados nos termos. Caminhamos também um pouco pela história para verificar o processo de tradução dos termos até os dias de hoje e como se deu a perda do seu sentido original. Para efeitos práticos, analisamos quatro paradigmas de contextos diferentes que envolve ciência e ateísmo, hinduísmo e judaísmo com o fim de observamos as transformações em suas respectivas visões de mundo. O método de pesquisa utilizado para tal se deu de forma qualitativa a partir de um referencial teórico baseado em livros e uma pequena fração a partir de depoimento em vídeo.
O DESPERDÍCIO DA EXPERIÊNCIA E DA FONTE DE OBSERVAÇÃO ÚLTIMA DO PROFETA SOFONIAS EM CONTEXTO COM AS ALIANÇAS DIVÍNAS E OS ELEMENTOS REDENTIVOS DE UM REINO VINDOURO
Authors: ARAÚJO IDÍLIO OLIVEIRA
Published: June 2021

Na Teologia bíblica é comum a análise dos profetas de forma abrangente procurando fazer a exegese e interpretação do sentido de cada livro e relacioná-lo com as Boas Novas. Argumenta-se que a palavra do Profeta é a mensagem de Deus para seu povo.  A partir da análise dos pactos divinos, teologicamente, desenvolvo o estudo do livro do Profeta Sofonias buscando responder as seguintes questões: Quais as alianças divinas estão sendo citadas e quais os elementos da quebra das alianças e quais as ofertas de redenção no livro do Profeta? Ainda, analiso quais os juízos pelo pecado e se existe profecia messiânica pelo novo mediador. O presente artigo faz uma análise estratificado das alianças divinas permeada pela limitação do livro. Ilustra-se o tema descrevendo-se a visão de Palmer Roberttson e o seu escólio sobre as Alianças divinas. Por derradeiro conclui-se, com enfoque nas alianças divinas, que Sofonias focaliza a necessidade de vivermos em retidão diante de Deus e que de todos os profetas, Sofonias provavelmente foi o que descreveu o juízo com mais intensidade, tendo também enaltecido a possibilidade da restauração para aqueles que se arrependessem e voltassem à retidão.
Amizade AMIZADE COM O DEUS TRINITÁRIO:
Authors: Motta Fabio Barreto
Published: June 2021

Este artigo é uma análise do significado que a amizade espiritual tem desempenhado na história da igreja, em particular na obra-prima Amizade Espiritual, livro escrito entre 1147 e 1167 pelo abade Aelred de Rievaulx. Este tratado é único na história da devoção cristã no entendimento da amizade espiritual. O tema da amizade espiritual tem sido explorado cada vez mais nos dias de hoje. Provavelmente, sua revitalização se deve ao fato de que existe hoje um enorme vazio e uma forte sede em nossa geração de relacionamentos verdadeiros. Então, qual é o papel da amizade espiritual em nosso crescimento espiritual? Acima de tudo, veremos aqui que há uma forte interconexão entre amizade espiritual e amizade com Deus. Assim, na minha proposta aqui, posso dizer com forte convicção que a amizade trinitária é o modelo e o espelho de qualquer amizade espiritual. Ainda, a segunda proposta neste artigo é que a oração pode ser vista como uma amizade com Deus. Assim, gostaria de demonstrar alguns modelos bíblicos e históricos de pessoas que são amigas de Deus, que tiveram como principal característica em suas vidas de orações uma amizade próxima e íntima com Deus. Por fim, a terceira proposta deste artigo é a estreita conexão entre as relações humanas e a intimidade com Deus como um aspecto muito relevante e interconectado entre nossas vidas de oração e nossas amizades como um sinal de maturidade e crescimento espiritual.
CONFLITOS HISTÓRICOS ENTRE O OCIDENTE E O ORIENTE MÉDIO: O CRISTIANISMO E A GUERRA
Authors: Carvalho Elton Roney
Published: June 2021

Os conflitos históricos envolvendo o ocidente e o oriente médio estão centralizados dentro de um contexto religioso. Apesar dos fatores sociais, políticos e culturais envolvidos, o destaque da religião na promoção do evento é evidente. Deste modo, objetiva-se definir conceitos fundamentais inseridos nas duas grandes religiões mundiais para facilitar o entendimento do motivo gerador de conflitos. Além da análise dos principais conflitos que se desenvolveram na história. O levantamento de algumas fontes que analisam atualmente os conceitos fez parte do trabalho, promovendo uma construção inicial sobre os processos que desencadearam estes conflitos. O foco final do trabalho em analisar como o cristianismo concebe a relação de sua cosmogonia com a guerra, analisando conceitos inseridos na guerra justa.
Antigo no Novo
Authors: Medeiros do Nascimento Gabriel
Published: June 2021

Em um experimento de Teologia Bíblica, este trabalho propõe-se a investigar a natureza do uso da literatura Veterotestamentária em pregações de Pedro e Paulo em Atos dos Apóstolos. Utilizando-se de revisão bibliográfica, o trabalho partirá de uma investigação prévia acerca das características literárias do livro de Atos dos Apóstolos. Serão discutidos brevemente tópicos como autoria e historicidade, a fim de pincelar atributos do contexto histórico e canônico do livro. Após esta breve análise será feito um levantamento das ferramentas hermenêuticas adequadas para o estudo proposto. Dentre o tripé hermenêutico, as ferramentas históricas e teológicas serão escolhidas para o fim proposto, tendo em vista as particularidades dos relatos das pregações. Por fim, o trabalho partirá para a investigação propriamente dita. As porções textuais selecionadas foram a pregação de Pedro no dia de Pentecostes e os dois sábados de Paulo de Tarso em Antioquia da Pisídia. A razão desta escolha é pela riqueza textual em alusões e referências à linguagem pactual, profética e messiânica encontrada no Antigo Testamento. O trabalho conclui apontando para a importância de um domínio sólido da literatura Veterotestamentária para se atingir níveis mais profundos de entendimento acerca do escopo da obra redentiva de Cristo Jesus.
STRATEGI PEMASARAN TOKO PAKAIAN MUSLIM PASAR TRADISIONAL MENGHADAPI TOKO PAKAIAN MUSLIM MODERN
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Jamianto Jamianto , Andreanto Budi
Published: June 2021

Indonesia is one of the countries that has entered the era of global competition, where there are no restrictions for each individual to develop a business, both small, medium and large. With the development of global competition that cannot be stopped, it results in small businesses being unable to compete with middle and upper class businesses in the business world.Competition between shops or kiosks in conventional markets and online shops cannot be avoided. The flood of online shops in cities cannot be stopped. The thing that can be done is to be ready to face it and to anticipate it so that the existence of a shop or kiosk in conventional markets is not eroded by the existence of an online shop.Keywords: Global Competition; Online Business.
UNA BROCCHETTA CON PROTOME D’ARIETEDALL’AREA SACRA DEL KOTHON A MOZIA
Authors: Spagnoli Federica
Published: June 2021

During the 25th and 26th seasons of excavations carried out by Rome «La Sapienza» University Expedition to Motya (years 2015-2016) a ram’s head jug was found in the Sacred Area of the Kothon (Area C South). From a typological point of view, this vessel can be considered a late outcome of the early Phoenician bronze trefoil jug, largely widespread over the western Mediterranean colonies, while its relevant symbolic value is represented by the ram’s head, the animal traditionally consecrated to Baal, the deity worshipped in the Sacred Area.
GLI AVVERBI DI LUOGO ITTITI IN -an: FORME DI NOMINATIVO ACCUSATIVO NEUTRO SINGOLARE?
Authors: Francia Rita
Published: June 2021

Some scholars considered O(ld) H(ittite) local adverbs andan,āppan, kattan, peran, šer to be nom(inative) acc(usative) n(euter) s(ingular) substantives. To prove this, they provided some syntactic occurrences, in which these local adverbs would be constructed as nom. acc. n. s. nouns. This hypothesis is implausible, because these local adverbs have locative function («where?»), not directive («to what place?») in OH, as the accusative case (accusative of direction) with motion verbs
JAMAAN AT THE PASS OF BI’REIN AN IRON AGE IIB-C AMMONITE STRONGHOLD IN CENTRAL JORDAN
Authors: Nigro Lorenzo , Gharib Romeel
Published: June 2021

In years 2015-2016 the Zarqa Directorate of the Department of Antiquities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan carried out a rescue excavation at the site of Jamaan, an Iron Age IIB-C Ammonite stronghold 16 Km north of ‘Amman. The site survey and limited soundings allow to plot a plan of the structure, comprising an outer enclosure with a casemate wall, two cisterns, and a square podium tower, and to collect ceramic material dating from Iron Age IIB-C (c. 840-580 BC), as well as the head of a soft limestone statue, possibly depicting a local chief or an official. The latter adds to the relatively conspicuous number of statues from the Kingdom of Ammon, possibly illustrating the production of a non-royal commission.
Mortalidad por COVID-19 asociada a comorbilidades en pacientes del Instituto Salvadoreño del Seguro Social
Authors: Franco Escobar Victor David , Morales Chorro Luis , Baltrons Orellana Rafael , Rodríguez Carlos Romeo , Urbina Oscar , López de Blanco Claudia
Published: June 2021

Introducción. La infección respiratoria por coronavirus ha generado gran cantidad de muertes desde su inicio en China en diciembre 2019. Debido a que es una enfermedad desconocida, son necesarios estudios para mejorar el abordaje, especialmente a personas en riesgo. Objetivo. Establecer cuál fue la supervivencia y riesgo de muerte observada en pacientes del Instituto Salvadoreño del Seguro Social con diagnóstico o sospecha de COVID-19 y factores de riesgo asociados. Metodología. Estudio transversal analítico de 2,670 pacientes contagiados (o posibles). Las variables fueron analizadas con el método de Kaplan Meier y el modelo proporcional de riesgo de Cox. Resultados. Los no sobrevivientes incluyeron personas mayores y con enfermedades subyacentes como hipertensión, diabetes, insuficiencia renal y cáncer. La hipertensión arterial presentó un hazard ratio e intervalo de confianza 95 % de 2,58/2,3-2,9 y la diabetes, 2,56/2,2-2,9. La edad <60 años (0,34/0,30-0,39) y la ausencia de enfermedades (0,31/0,27 - 0,35) se asocian a lo contrario. La supervivencia general fue 93,6 %/92,5-94,5 % al día 1, y del 50,4 %/48,1-52,6 % a 15 días. Las enfermedades cardíacas generaron la menor supervivencia a 5 días (71,4 % a 41,2 %) y el cáncer a 15 días (51,1 % a 3,9 %). Conclusión. Las personas menores de 60 años sin comorbilidades tienen menor riesgo de muerte comparadas con las que tienen comorbilidades como diabetes, hipertensión y cáncer que presentaron un riesgo 3 veces mayor de muerte intrahospitalaria por COVID-19 y menor supervivencia a 15 días.
Anatomic fit of precontoured extra-articular distal humeral locking plates: a cadaveric study
Authors: Lim Joon-Ryul , Yoon Tae-Hwan , Lee Hwan-Mo , Chun Yong-Min
Published: June 2021

Background: Extra-articular distal humerus locking plates (EADHPs) are precontoured anatomical plates widely used to repair distal humeral extra-articular diaphyseal fractures. However, EADHPs frequently cause distal protrusion and resulting skin discomfort. The purpose of this study was to predict the occurrence of anatomic fit mismatch. We hypothesized that the smaller the humerus size, the greater the anatomic fit mismatch with EADHP.Methods: Twenty humeri were analyzed in this study. Humeral length and distal humeral width were used as parameters of humeral size. Plate protrusion was measured between the EADHP distal tip and the distal humerus. We set the level of unacceptable EADHP anatomic fit mismatch as ≥10 mm plate protrusion.Results: A significant negative linear correlation was also confirmed between humeral size and plate protrusion, with a coefficient of determination of 0.477 for humeral length and 0.814 for distal humeral width. The cutoff value of humeral length to avoid ≥10 mm plate protrusion was 293.6 mm (sensitivity, 88.9%; specificity, 81.8%) and for distal humeral width was 60.5 mm (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 81.8%).Conclusions: Anatomic fit mismatch in distal humeral fractures after EADHP fixation has a negative linear correlation with humeral length and distal humeral width. For patients with a distal humeral width <60.5 mm, ≥10 mm plate protrusion will occur when an EADHP is used, and an alternative implant or approach should be considered.
Canadian Urological Association guideline on androgen deprivation therapy: Adverse events and management strategies – Executive summary
Authors: Kokorovic Andrea , So Alan I. , Serag Hosam , French Christopher , Hamilton Robert J. , Izard Jason P. , Nayak Jasmir G. , Pouliot Fréderic , Saad Fred , Shayegan Bobby , Aprikian Armen , Rendon Ricardo A.
Published: June 2021

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) plays an important role in the contemporary management of prostate cancer (PCa) across various stages of the disease. While ADT remains a highly effective treatment for PCa, it is not curative, and its use is associated with significant adverse events that span across various organ systems.
Developing an understanding of Post Traumatic Growth: Implications and application for research and intervention
Authors: Sanki Monica , O'Connor Sean A.
Published: June 2021

Post Traumatic Growth (PTG) has been shown to occur following a range of traumatic experiences and interest in the construct has increased exponentially in recent years. Through a systematic literature review, this paper explores PTG’s philosophical and theoretical foundations, reviews some of the controversies surrounding its definition, measurement, and characterisation, and seeks to elicit some common factors supporting its development. Of particular interest are the potential applications and implications of these factors in broader contexts. PTG’s theoretical links to Expert Companionship, Organismic Valuing Theory, and Self Determination Theory, and the role of narrative in rebuilding personality, all indicate alignment with the philosophy and practice of positive psychology. While the study of this area is still evolving, this paper suggests there are many potential applications and implications of PTG.
Gender, Employment, and Domestic and External Savings in Guatemala
Authors: Cáceres Luis René
Published: June 2021

The objective of this paper is to analize the role, for the case of Guatemala, that the ratio of female to male employment plays in the mobilization of internal savings, in the trade deficit, as well as in the economic growth constrained by the balance of payments model. The results indicate that said ratio increases savings, reduces the deficit in the trade account and eases the balance of payments constraint on economic growth. It is recommended that Guatemalan authorities undertake extraordinary measures to encourage female participation. The originality of the paper resides in being the first one to highlight the role of the ratio of female to male employment on the reduction of the deficit in the trade account and in showing that this ratio can constitute a constraint to economic growth. The paper concludes stressing the importance of promoting female participation.
LOWER BOUND TO A PROBLEM OF MOCANU ON DIFFERENTIAL SUBORDINATION
Authors: PONNUSAMY S.
Published: June 2021

Let $s^*$ denote the family of starlike mappings in the unit disc $\Delta$. Let $\mathcal{R}(\alpha, \beta)$ denote the family of normalized analytic functions in $\Delta$ satisfying the condition Re$(f'(z)+\alpha f''(z))>\beta$, $z \in\Delta$ for some $\alpha > 0$. In this note, among other things, we give a lower bound to the problem of Mocanu aimed at determining $\inf\{\alpha : \mathcal{R}(\alpha,0) \subset S^*\}$.
ON THE DOUBLE NORLUND SUMMABILITY OF DOUBLE FOURIER SERIES
Authors: OKUYAMA YASUO , MIYAMOTO IKUKO
Published: June 2021

We extend Rajagopal's theorem [12] to a theorem on the dou­ ble Norlund summability of double Fourier series, from which various known results are deduced.
ON THE OSCILLATION OF AN ELLIPTIC EQUATION OF FOURTH ORDER
Authors: SINGH BHAGAT
Published: June 2021

The elliptic equation
\[\Delta^2 u(|x|)+g(|x|)u(|x|)=f(|x|)\]

is studied for its oscillatory behavior. $\Delta$ is the Laplace operator. Sufficient condi­ tions have been found to ensure that all solutions of this equation continuable in some exterior domain $\Omega=\{x=(x_1, x_2, x_3):|x|>A\}$ where $|x|=(\sum_{i=1}^3 x_i^2)^{1/2}$ are oscillatory.
JUST NON COMMUTATIVE VARIETIES OF OPERATOR ALGEBRAS AND RINGS WITH SOME CONDITIONS ON NILPOTENT ELEMENTS
Authors: MAL'CEV YURI N.
Published: June 2021

In §1 it is given a classification of Just noncommutative varieties of associative over algebras over commutative Jacobson ring with unity. In [1], [4] are given different proofs of the commutativity of a finite ring with central nilpotent elements. In §2 we give generalizations of these results for infinite rings and for the case of Engel identity.
QUALITATIVE THEORY OF PARTIAL DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS (V): STURMIAN THEOREMS FOR A CLASS OF PARTIAL DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS
Authors: CHENG SUI SUN , XIE SHENG-LI , ZHANG BING GEN
Published: June 2021

This paper is concerned with Sturmian theorems for a class of partial difference equations. These results are obtianed by means of averaging techniques, variational inequalities and comparison theorems.
Admiral Michał Aleksander Borowski, His Service and Activity in the Free City of Gdańsk in the Years 1919–1928
Authors: Machaliński Zbigniew
Published: June 2021

Michał Aleksander Borowski (1872–1939), Major General of the Russian Navy, Rear Admiral of the Polish Navy. He was admitted to the Polish Army on December 12, 1918. In February 1919, as part of the General Delegation of the Ministry of Provisions, he held the post of head of the Gdańsk port, and from July 1919, simultaneously as part of the Department for Maritime Affairs, he held the post of plenipotentiary for military and maritime affairs. In March 1921, he was deputy chairman of the Polish delegation to the Gdańsk Port Council, and from July 1923, chairman of the Polish delegation to the Port and Waterways Council in Gdańsk. He left the service in August 1927 and retired in Vilnius where he died on December 23, 1939.
Role of 5-HT in Cerebral Edema after Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Badyal Priya , Kaur Jaspreet , Kuhad Anurag
Published: June 2021

The pathogenesis of edema after traumatic brain injury is complex including the destruction of micro-vessels and alterations in microcirculation around the primary injury and leakage of plasma constituents into the tissue, due to permeability changes of the vessel walls. Many functional molecules like histamine, serotonin, arachidonic acid, prostaglandins and thromboxane have been shown to induce blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption or cell swelling. It is believed that released 5-HT binds to 5-HT2 receptors stimulating cAMP and prostaglandins in vessels that cause more vesicular transport in endothelial cells leading to serum component’s extravasation. The additional amount of serotonin into the tissue due to injury maintains the state of increased vascular permeability that ultimately causes edema. Serotonin is clearly involved in early cytotoxic edema after TBI. Reduction of serotonin in the nervous tissue reduces swelling and the milder cell changes in the brain or spinal cord of traumatized rats. Inhibition of serotonin synthesis before closed head injury (CHI) in rat models or administration of serotonin antiserum after injury attenuates BBB disruption and brain edema volume swelling, and brain pathology. Maintaining low serotonin levels immediately after injury may show neuroprotection and combat various secondary outcomes that occur after traumatic brain injury.
Healthcare Delivery Systems in Rural Areas
Authors: Menona Jacob Ankeeta
Published: June 2021

Health care is a fundamental right of every human being. About half of the world’s population (An estimated 3.4 billion of the world’s 7.6 billion in 2018) lived in rural areas. Individuals in rural areas often have poor access to healthcare because of poor accessibility and availability of standard healthcare systems and socio-cultural factors affecting their perception of health compared to the urban population. Though there is a projected decrease in the absolute percentage of the world’s population dwelling in rural areas by 2050, there is also a projected increase projected increase needing of prioritizing rural health. This chapter shall discusses the critical factors that disadvantage the rural population. It also considers the methods used to work out rural healthcare delivery strategies to decrease this disparity in rural areas’ health care facilities.
Grid Map Merging with Ant Colony Optimization for Multi-Robot Systems
Authors: Lee Heoncheol
Published: June 2021

Multi-robot systems have recently been in the spotlight in terms of efficiency in performing tasks. However, if there is no map in the working environment, each robot must perform SLAM which simultaneously performs localization and mapping the surrounding environments. To operate the multi-robot systems efficiently, the individual maps should be accurately merged into a collective map. If the initial correspondences among the robots are unknown or uncertain, the map merging task becomes challenging. This chapter presents a new approach to accurately conducting grid map merging with the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) which is one of the well-known sampling-based optimization algorithms. The presented method was tested with one of the existing grid map merging algorithms and showed that the accuracy of grid map merging was improved by the ACO.
Phytoremediation Potential of Chrysopogon zizanioides for Toxic Elements in Contaminated Matrices
Authors: A. Ramos-Arcos Sebastián , G. González-Mondragón Edith , S. López-Hernández Eduardo , R. Rodríguez-Luna Ana , M. Morales-Bautista Carlos , Lagunas-Rivera Selene , López-Martínez Sugey
Published: June 2021

Many researchers have demonstrated the advantages of plants in the phytoremediation of soils and waters contaminated with heavy metals, herbicides, pesticides, leachates, etc. The unique morphological characteristics of Chrysopogon zizanioides, commonly known as vetiver, make it a hyperaccumulator of metals; its roots can store high concentrations of heavy metals such as As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn, and it has thus been successfully used in the field of environmental protection. This chapter presents the importance of vetiver, its characterization, and its potential use as phytoremediation potential for toxic elements in contaminated matrices.
Effect of Aerobic Training and Octopamine Supplementation on the Expression of Octopamine Receptors in the Visceral Adipose Tissue of Rats Exposed to Deep Fried Oils
Authors: Vesali Mahnaz , Azarbayjani Mohammad Ali , Peeri Maghsood
Published: June 2021

Background: The use of deep fried oils (DFOs) to cook foods is associated with numerous diseases. Although the role of physical activity and some supplements on fat lipolysis has been established, the effect of aerobic training (AT) and octopamine (Oct) on octopamine receptor-dependent lipolysis pathway is not well understood. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of AT and Oct supplementation on the expression of Oct receptors in the visceral adipose tissue of DFO-exposed rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats were divided into (1) healthy control (C), (2) DFO, (3) DFO + Oct, (4) DFO + AT, and (5) DFO + Oct + AT groups. Aerobic training was performed for four weeks, five sessions per week at an intensity of 16 - 26 m/min and equivalent to 50% - 65% VO2max, and Otc supplement was interperitoneally injected at 81 µmol/kg five days a week. Results: Aerobic training and Oct supplementation increased tyramin-R and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) (P ≤ 0.05), while Oct significantly decreased G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) (P ≤ 0.05). Also, the interaction of AT and Oct on GPCR reduction was significant (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: It seems that AT and Otc alone improve octopamine receptors and lipolysis markers in the visceral adipose tissue of DFO-treated rats, but these two factors have no interactive effects on this pathway.
Comparing the Effect of Teach Back and Video Tape Education on Self-efficacy And Self-care in Type 2 Diabetes Patients
Authors: Hosaini Zare Mahboubeh , Nikraftar Fahimeh , Madarshahian Farah  , Mahmoudirad Gholamhossein
Published: June 2021

Background: Self-efficacy is the basis for improved self-care in diabetic patients, and self-care is the most important strategy to control diabetes. Therefore, it is important to choose an appropriate educational method to provide patients information to achieve these goals. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the impacts of teach back and video tape education methods on self-efficacy and self-care abilities of patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this semi-experimental controlled study, 105 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into the three groups of teach back, video tape training, and control. The data were collected using Orem’s nursing assessment form and two researcher-made questionnaires of self-care and self-efficacy. In the teach back group, based on the extent of self-care disability in the areas of physical activity, foot care, and glycemic control, educational sessions were held for each patient individually. In the video tape group, three films were shown in those areas for patients. The control group received no intervention. Questionnaires were recompleted seven days and one and three months after the intervention through interviews. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: The mean total score of self-care in the teach back group was significantly higher seven days and one and three months after the intervention (P < 0.00). The mean scores of self-care and self-efficacy in the teach back group (before the intervention and seven days and one and three months after the intervention) significantly increased compared to the mean variation of scores in the video tape and control groups (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Applying the teach back method is more effective than the video tape method, and it is suggested that more extensive studies be conducted to promote self-care and self-efficacy in these patients.
Management of Patients with Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis May Need to Be Individualized: A Multidisciplinary Call for Action
Authors: Paraskevas Kosmas I. , Mikhailidis Dimitri P. , Baradaran Hediyeh , Davies Alun H. , Eckstein Hans-Henning , Faggioli Gianluca , Fernandes Jose Fernandes e , Gupta Ajay , Jezovnik Mateja K. , Kakkos Stavros K. , Katsiki Niki , Kooi M. Eline , Lanza Gaetano , Liapis Christos D. , Loftus Ian M. , Millon Antoine , Nicolaides Andrew N. , Poredos Pavel , Pini Rodolfo , Ricco Jean-Baptiste , Rundek Tatjana , Saba Luca , Spinelli Francesco , Stilo Francesco , Sultan Sherif , Zeebregts Clark J. , Chaturvedi Seemant
Published: June 2021

The optimal management of patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis (ACS) is the subject of extensive debate. According to the 2017 European Society for Vascular Surgery guidelines, carotid endarterectomy should (Class IIa; Level of Evidence: B) or carotid artery stenting may be considered (Class IIb; Level of Evidence: B) in the presence of one or more clinical/imaging characteristics that may be associated with an increased risk of late ipsilateral stroke (e.g., silent embolic infarcts on brain computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging, progression in the severity of ACS, a history of contralateral transient ischemic attack/stroke, microemboli detection on transcranial Doppler, etc.), provided documented perioperative stroke/death rates are <3% and the patient’s life expectancy is >5 years. Besides these clinical/imaging characteristics, there are additional individual, ethnic/racial or social factors that should probably be evaluated in the decision process regarding the optimal management of these patients, such as individual patient needs/patient choice, patient compliance with best medical treatment, patient sex, culture, race/ethnicity, age and comorbidities, as well as improvements in imaging/operative techniques/outcomes. The present multispecialty position paper will present the rationale why the management of patients with ACS may need to be individualized.
Automated Prediction of Ischemic Brain Tissue Fate from Multiphase Computed Tomographic Angiography in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Using Machine Learning
Authors: Qiu Wu , Kuang Hulin , Ospel Johanna M. , Hill Michael D. , Demchuk Andrew M. , Goyal Mayank , Menon Bijoy K.
Published: June 2021

Background and Purpose Multiphase computed tomographic angiography (mCTA) provides time variant images of pial vasculature supplying brain in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). To develop a machine learning (ML) technique to predict tissue perfusion and infarction from mCTA source images.Methods 284 patients with AIS were included from the Precise and Rapid assessment of collaterals using multi-phase CTA in the triage of patients with acute ischemic stroke for Intra-artery Therapy (Prove-IT) study. All patients had non-contrast computed tomography, mCTA, and computed tomographic perfusion (CTP) at baseline and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging/non-contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Of the 284 patient images, 140 patient images were randomly selected to train and validate three ML models to predict a pre-defined Tmax thresholded perfusion abnormality, core and penumbra on CTP. The remaining 144 patient images were used to test the ML models. The predicted perfusion, core and penumbra lesions from ML models were compared to CTP perfusion lesion and to follow-up infarct using Bland-Altman plots, concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), and Dice similarity coefficient.Results Mean difference between the mCTA predicted perfusion volume and CTP perfusion volume was 4.6 mL (limit of agreement [LoA], –53 to 62.1 mL; P=0.56; CCC 0.63 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53 to 0.71; P<0.01], ICC 0.68 [95% CI, 0.58 to 0.78; P<0.001]). Mean difference between the mCTA predicted infarct and follow-up infarct in the 100 patients with acute reperfusion (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction [mTICI] 2b/2c/3) was 21.7 mL, while it was 3.4 mL in the 44 patients not achieving reperfusion (mTICI 0/1). Amongst reperfused subjects, CCC was 0.4 (95% CI, 0.15 to 0.55; P<0.01) and ICC was 0.42 (95% CI, 0.18 to 0.50; P<0.01); in non-reperfused subjects CCC was 0.52 (95% CI, 0.20 to 0.60; P<0.001) and ICC was 0.60 (95% CI, 0.37 to 0.76; P<0.001). No difference was observed between the mCTA and CTP predicted infarct volume in the test cohort (P=0.67).Conclusions A ML based mCTA model is able to predict brain tissue perfusion abnormality and follow-up infarction, comparable to CTP.
Stroke Recurrence in First-Ever Symptomatic Carotid Web: A Cohort Study
Authors: Olindo Stephane , Chausson Nicolas , Signate Aissatou , Mecharles Sylvie , Hennequin Jean-Luc , Saint-Vil Martine , Edimonana-Kaptue Mireille , Jeannin Severine , Landais Anne , Cabre Philippe , Sibon Igor , Smadja Didier , Joux Julien
Published: June 2021

Background and Purpose Carotid web (CaW) is an intimal variant of fibromuscular dysplasia responsible for ipsilateral cerebral ischemic events (CIE). Symptomatic CaW likely has a high risk of recurrent CIE, but no salient prospective data are available. We aimed to assess recurrence rate and its predictors after a first-ever CIE.Methods Consecutive Afro-Caribbean patients who had cryptogenic first-ever CIEs (ischemic stroke [IS] or transient ischemic attack [TIA]) associated with ipsilateral CaW were included in this multicenter observational cohort study. The follow-up (January 2008 to March 2019) focused on CIE recurrences. Kaplan-Meier method assessed rates of recurrences and Cox proportional hazards regression analyzed risk factors.Results Ninety-two patients (79 first-ever ISs and 13 TIAs; mean age±standard deviation, 49.8±9.9 years; 52 [56.5%] women) were included. During a mean follow-up of 50.5±29.6 months, 19 (20.7%) patients experienced recurrent ipsilateral CIEs (16 ISs and three TIAs). Of 23 patients receiving surgery/stenting treatment, no recurrence occurred after the intervention (median follow-up, 39.8 months [interquartile range, 27.6 to 72.4]). Under medical treatment alone, the annual recurrent CIE rate was 6.9%, and the cumulative rate was 4.4% at 30-day, 10.8% at 1-year, 19.8% at 2-year, 23.2% at 3-year, and 27.3% at 5-year. Presence of silent cerebral infarctions was the only independent risk factor of CIE recurrences (hazard ratio, 6.99; 95% confidence interval, 2.4 to 20.4; P=0.004).Conclusions Under medical treatment alone, symptomatic CaW was associated with a high rate of recurrence that reached 27.3% at 5-year. Surgery/stenting seems to be efficient, and randomized control trials are required to confirm the benefit of these interventions.
Redes de sororidad transoceánicas e identidad iberoamericana en dos periodistas asturianas: Eva Canel y María Luisa Castellanos
Authors: González Gallego Daniel
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo estudia la producción e implicación americanista de dos autoras asturianas casi opuestas: Eva Canel y María Luisa Castellanos. El estudio propone una aproximación a ambas mujeres desde ciertas directrices básicas de los estudios transatlánticos, insertándolas en un espacio de diálogo transoceánico con otras mujeres intelectuales de España y América en el periodo finisecular. Para ello, se trazará un recorrido a través de tres ejes fundamentales: las doctrinas territoriales de colonialismo y regionalismo asturiano, la cuestión migratoria femenina de España a las Américas y la promoción y difusión de mujeres españolas e hispanoamericanas entregadas al ámbito humanístico y periodístico.
Concepción Gimeno y el Álbum Ibero-Americano: Argentina como fuente para la modernización de España
Authors: Ferrari Marta Beatriz
Published: June 2021

Examinaremos aquí algunas de las Crónicas publicadas en el Álbum Ibero-Americano por la escritora española María de la Concepción Gimeno de Flaquer (Alcañiz, 1850 - Buenos Aires, 1919). En este trabajo realizaremos una aproximación a su papel de promotora cultural. Gimeno, radicada en Argentina desde 1910 (año del centenario de la Revolución de Mayo), dedicó gran parte de su vida a forjar vínculos con mujeres de diversos países de América y fue una protagonista privilegiada de este excepcional momento histórico en el que los lazos transatlánticos entre España y Argentina ocuparon la centralidad de la política de ambos países.
Maruja Mallo entre España y Argentina. Trigo y espigas en el equipaje
Authors: Martínez Dolores Fernández
Published: June 2021

Dado que la biografía de la pintora española Maruja Mallo ha sido abordada en suficientes trabajos específicos, en este artículo se tratará con mayor atención las obras que realizó la pintora entre España y Argentina entre 1936 y 1939, especialmente Sorpresa del trigo (1936) y Canto de las espigas (1939), que formará parte de la serie La religión del trabajo, pintada enteramente en Argentina con dibujos y apuntes realizados en su tierra natal, Galicia, antes de salir hacia el exilio pocos meses después de estallar la Guerra Civil española. Con la aproximación a la obra, desde el punto de vista pictórico y conceptual, se profundiza en las motivaciones y los símbolos de los que parten estos cuadros, así como en la recepción en el país de acogida.
Pieza dramática inédita de Francisco Galeas para la festividad del Corpus
Authors: Reyes Peña Mercedes de los
Published: June 2021

Estudio y edición de la única pieza dramática del fraile cartujo Francisco Galeas (Sevilla, 1567-1614) compuesta en loor del Sacramento. Su condición de inédita, brevedad, argumento  y virtualidades escénicas muestran a su autor como conocedor de las técnicas dramáticas y dueño de la puesta en escena, aconsejando su incorporación al patrimonio teatral de un período en el que es abundante la producción perdida o no exhumada.
La rima de mèrit a l’Espill de Jaume Roig
Authors: Cantavella Rosanna
Published: June 2021

Resum: Estudi dels tipus de rimes aplicats per Jaume Roig al seu Espill (1460), a través de la quantificació de cada tipus de rima de mèrit (rimes superiors a la bàsica sonança lleial) entre un total de 8104 rimes (s’ofereix una taula de valors absoluts i percentuals a l’annex 1). Els resultats mostren clarament un alt grau d’ocurrència de rims acordants de mèrit (57.8% del total de rimes), i a dins d’aquests de la lleonismitat en els seus diferents tipus (46.4%), especialment de terminació femenina. També hi són analitzats els rims diccionals, i a dins d’aquests es remarquen els rims equívocs contrafets tipus 3 com els més emprats d’aquest grup (7.5%). També s’estudia l’ús per part de Roig de la rima d’homònims (rims equívocs lleials, dels quals s’ofereix una llista a l’annex 2), i es para esment a possibles irregularitats, que Roig usualment evita, i només incorre destacadament en els rims utrisonants, o rima de paraules amb diferent timbre de la e o la o, tipus del qual es dóna una altra llista a l’annex 2.Paraules clau: poesia catalana medieval, Jaume Roig, Espill, versificació, rimaAbstract: An appraisal of the rhyme types applied by author Jaume Roig in his Espill (1460), via a quantification of each kind of rhyme of a praiseworthy character (rhymes superior to the basic sonança lleial) in a total of 8104 rhymes (a table of absolute and percentual values is given in annex 1). Results clearly show a high degree of occurrence of praiseworthy rims acordants (57.8% of total rhymes) and within those, of lleonismitat in its different types (46.4%), especially with feminine endings. Diccional rhymes are also analysed, and within them rims equívocs contrafets tipus 3 are highlighted as the most used of this group (7.5%). Roig’s use of homonym rhymes (rims equívocs lleials, of which a list is given in annex 2) is studied too, and attention is paid to potential irregularities, of which Roig only incurs in rims utrisonants, or rhyme of words with a different openness of vowels e and o, of which another list is given in annex 2. Keywords: Medieval Catalan poetry, Jaume Roig, Espill, versification, rhymes
L’expulsió dels moriscos valencians, segons la Relació de Maximilià Cerdà de Tallada
Authors: Lozano Josep
Published: June 2021

Resum: Aquest article tracta sobre la minoria morisca valenciana i la seva expulsió, a partir de l’estudi d’un text manuscrit de Cerdà de Tallada sobre l’expulsió dels moriscos valencians el 1609. El text, incomplet, conté, tanmateix, nombrosos fets d’interès historiogràfic i és un notable exemple de les cròniques valencianes d’aqueix  període del Barroc.Paraules clau: moriscos, expulsió, València, Maximilià Cerdà de TalladaAbstract: This article is about the Valencian Moorish minority and their expulsion, based on a study of a manuscript text by Cerdà de Tallada about the expulsion of the Valencian Moors in 1609. The text, which is incomplete, contains, nevertheless, numerous facts of historiographical interest and is a remarkable example of the Valencian chronicles from the Baroque period.Keywords: moorish, expulsion, Maximilà Cerdà de Tallada
El Llibre de cetreria del vescomte de Rocabertí
Authors: Olmos de León Ricardo , Ferragud Carmel
Published: June 2021

Resum: En el present article oferim una edició crítica del Llibre de cetreria, un breu tractat de falconeria escrit en català i conservat en manuscrit únic pertanyent a una col·lecció privada. També n’estudiem l’estructura i el contingut, a més de les relacions amb altres obres de falconeria, especialment les escrites a la Corona d’Aragó. Oferim una hipòtesi sobre la identificació del seu autor i l’època de la composició del tractat. Com que es tracta de l’obra escrita en català que major nombre d’ocells de caça esmenta, a la present edició ens ha semblant oportú de fer una exposició detallada de les aus emprades pels caçadors, com també tota la terminologia que la llengua catalana va desenvolupar per a referir-s’hi.Paraules clau: falconeria, caça, noblesa, Corona d’Aragó, ocells de presa. Abstract: In this article we offer a critical edition of Llibre de cetreria [Book of falconry], a brief treatise of falconry written in Catalan. It is kept as a sole manuscript belonging to a private collection. We study its structure and content, as well as its relations with other falconry archive documents, namely written in the Crown of Aragon. We formulate a hypothesis about the authorship and the age when the treatise was written. This is the Catalan treatise naming the greatest number of birds of prey. Hence, in this edition we offer a thorough exposition of the birds used by hunters, and the related terminology that was developed in Catalan.Key words: falconry, hunting, nobility, Crown of Aragon, birds of prey.