bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo da qualidade dos Dados do Painel COVID-19 para crianças, adolescente e jovens, Espírito Santo – Brasil, 2020
Authors: Maciel Ethel Leonor , Jabor Pablo Medeiros , Goncalves Jr Etereldes , Siqueira Priscila Carminati , Prado Thiago Nascimento do , Zandonade Eliana
Published: June 2021

Resumo Objetivo descrever a completude dos dados e avaliar a qualidade do Banco de dados do Painel COVID-19 no Espírito Santo em 2020, quanto à completude de suas variáveis, bem como analisar a confirmação da doença e sua evolução por crianças, adolescentes e jovens. Métodos estudo descritivo exploratório. A completude no preenchimento da ficha no Painel COVID-19 foi classificada como excelente (menos de 5% de preenchimento incompleto), bom (5% a 10%), regular (10% a 20%), ruim (20% a 50%) ou muito ruim (50% ou mais). Resultados observou-se qualidade regular para o critério de confirmação (16%), ruim para a classificação da doença (44%) e status de notificação (30%) e muito ruim para a evolução (79%). Quanto às variáveis epidemiológicas, destaca-se a variável raça/cor da pele com completude regular (17%). Conclusão e implicações para a prática é necessário educação permanente dos profissionais para o preenchimento dos dados de forma correta. Tratando-se de uma pandemia por um vírus novo, esses dados devem estar disponíveis imediatamente, e com qualidade para que medidas de controle possam ser adotadas.
Turmeric powder in the diet of Japanese quails improves the quality of stored eggs
Authors: GUIMARÃES Rívia Ribeiro , OLIVEIRA Maria Aparecida de , OLIVEIRA Higor Castro , DORÓ Sarah Carvalho Oliveira Lima , MACHADO Leonardo Azevedo , OLIVEIRA Maria Cristina de
Published: June 2021

SUMMARY This study evaluated the effect of turmeric powder (TP) on the productivity and egg quality of quails and on the quality of eggs stored at different temperatures for 7 or 14 d. Quails were distributed in three treatments that consisted of sorghum-based diets with 1.5% and 3% TP or zero TP inclusion, with five replicates for 84 d. Eggs were stored at ambient temperature or refrigerated for 7 or 14 d in a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with three TP levels × two storage temperatures (ST) × two storage periods (SP). Inclusion of TP did not affect the performance of the quails or egg quality at 84 d. Interaction SP × ST influenced the height and diameter of yolk and albumen, and the Haugh unit value. Eggs of quails with a diet supplemented with 3% TP and stored for 14 d showed specific gravity similar to the eggs stored for 7 d, despite the TP supplementation. It was concluded that diets with 3% TP did not affect the performance and quality of fresh eggs but improved the quality of eggs stored for 14 d at ambient temperature.
In vitro degradation dynamics of neutral detergent fiber and silage quality of waste from production of heart of palm of peach palm
Authors: FREITAS Samuel Galvão de , BAYÃO Geraldo Fábio Viana , QUEIROZ Augusto César de , PIMENTEL Robérson Machado , ROCHA Junior Carlos Magno , SOUSA Katiene Régia Silva
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT The objective of the present work was to evaluate the chemical composition, fermentation profile, and degradation parameters of the neutral detergent fiber of three silages made with the waste from production of heart of peach of palm, which consisted of leaf, leaf sheath, and their compound (55% leaf and 45% leaf sheath). The waste was packed in experimental silos and open after sixty days of fermentation; silage samples were collected for determination of chemical composition and degradation parameters of neutral detergent fiber at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, and 96 h of incubation in vitro. A difference was detected in the dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and lignin contents between the three types of silage. The leaf silage showed a higher fractional degradation rate and a higher potentially digestible fraction of neutral detergent fiber over the 96 h of incubation. As for the fermentative parameters, silage made with the leaf showed a higher pH (3,79) and lactic acid (1,18%), acetic acid (0,39%) and propionic acid (0,24%). The butyric acid was higher for compound silage (0,012%) and ammoniacal nitrogen was higher for sheath silage (0,94%). The leaf silage displayed better chemical characteristics, fermentation parameters and in vitro degradability properties, proving to be the silage with best nutritional value for feeding ruminants.
Tomboys: Performing gender in popular fiction
Authors: Gardiner Kelly
Published: June 2021

In the nineteenth century, new characters exploded onto the pages of popular novels: forthright, self-reliant and self-aware girls who became known as tomboys. Like Jo March storming through the pages of Little women, these brave and boisterous young women charmed and astonished readers, and profoundly influenced generations of girls. This article examines the impact of the tomboy in literature, its confluence with other, older, archetypes such as the cross-dressing warrior maid, and its development alongside other proto-feminist heroines of the nineteenth century: the Female Gentleman and the Plucky Girl. The article interrogates not only the character traits of fictional tomboys, but also the narrative arcs and tropes with which they were often associated, such as the Tamed Tomboy, who, like Jo March, comes to learn the real meaning of womanhood, as defined through her mother and sisters, in marriage; and the Incorrigible Tomboy, like George in the Famous five books, who resists all efforts to be treated "like a girl". The article further explores the continued relevance of these famous nineteenth- and twentieth-century tomboys, whose performances of gender and sexuality echo in recent fiction for children and young adults through characters such as Katniss Everdeen in the Hunger games trilogy, the genderfluid Micah in Justine Larbelestier's Liar, or overtly queer heroines such as Kaede in Malinda Lo's Huntress. What has the tomboy in literature meant to twenty-first century understandings of gender performativity? And, importantly, what stories about gender - what possible lives - do these characters construct for the young women who read them? Keywords: Fictional tomboys, gender performativity, popular fiction, sexuality, tomboy narrative.
e— Cálculo
Authors: Jaramillo-Quiceno Julio César
Published: June 2021

En este trabajo se formula el e— cálculo en base a la naturaleza de las cargas eléctricas, usando la tercera ley de Newton y la ley de Coulomb, la e— álgebra y la q — e álgebra deformada, asociando las variables ei; ej como cargas elementales, y x como la variable conductora. Se define la e— derivada a partir de un simple experimento de encendido y apagado de un bombillo respectivamente. Por otro lado, se formulan las e— series, la e— integral, las q — e derivadas, series e integrales y sus respectivos criterios de convergencia. Sobre las e— integrales se establecen un camino o contorno cerrado Γ (x) para definir las e— integrales de contorno, y finalmente se formulan el q — e cálculo deformado y la q — e álgebra de Heisenberg.
Prognostic Value of Electroencephalographic and Neuropsychological Indicators of the State of Regulatory Functions of the Brain to Assess The Likelihood of Behavioral Abnormalities in Adolescents
Authors: Korneev A.A. , Zakharova M.N. , Kurgansky A.V. , Lomakin D.I. , Machinskaya R.I.
Published: June 2021

The paper presents the results of a prognostic model of the occurrence of deviant behavior based on neurophysiological and neuropsychological indicators of behavioral regulation functions in adolescents. We used data on the state of the regulatory systems of the brain obtained on the basis of EEG analysis, data on the state of brain executive functions (EF), obtained on the basis of a neuropsychological examination, and the results of computer tests aimed at evaluating various components of attention. The study involved 166 adolescents, 69 of them with signs of deviant behavior. Using logistic regression analysis, it was shown that EEG-signs of suboptimal RS performance and evaluation of individual EF components (i.e. the ability to form and maintain an acquired action plan, signs of inertia and perseveration) can be significant predictors of deviant behavior. Computer test results showed poor predictive ability. A general model is also proposed that includes predicted probabilities of adolescents belonging to a group with signs of deviant behavior based on the results of using all three methods. A prognostic accuracy of the model is quite high.
A Comparative Good Governance Experiences on Local Governments Cope with COVID-19: A Case Studies Between Indonesia and Thailand
Authors: Et. al. Non Naprathansuk,
Published: June 2021

: This article aimed to analyzed and compared good governance experiences on local government cope with Covid-19 between Indonesia and Thailand. The methodology of this article was a qualitative approach based on the secondary data from case of local government of Indonesia in Tegal City and Thailand in Chang Puak Sub-district. The finding of this article was in Indonesia case could argued that the effectiveness, openness, and transparency of the government in coping with Covid-19 are the keys to improve the people economy in Tegal City. Also, the administrators Government of Tegal should be responsive to evaluate ineffective methods in preventing the spread of Covid-19 and switch to more effective and efficient ways. In the meantime, in Thailand case, sorely local government could not cope with Covid-19 pandemic, but the cooperated between Thailand Village Health Volunteer and local government were the best operation to stop the Covid-19 outbreak. Moreover, the most foremost hinder in both Thailand and Indonesia were the central government that centralize authority. In Indonesia, the central policy was the obstacle to allow local government acted, while in Thailand the emergency decree was the main hinder for local government management. Finally, both local government in Thailand and Indonesia were struggled and tried to cope with Covid-19 in a right way of good governance track even though they had a limited authority and willing to support their community.
The Effect of Emotional Intelligence on the Diversity Climate and Innovation Capabilities
Authors: Paruchuri Harish , Asadullah ABM
Published: June 2021

This study explores the relationship between emotional intelligence, a diverse work environment, a creative climate, and an innovative corporate culture and capabilities. To get a large enough sample, the questionnaire was used. Based on our findings, it appears that emotional intelligence has an impact on a diverse workplace climate. A diverse workforce and an innovative service mix are inextricably linked. Based on our findings, it appears that diversity in an organization's innovation culture is directly related to the pace of innovation in that organization. Our goal is to provide additional insight into existing research in the public sector. A company's emotional intelligence practices are implemented, and the employees' emotional intelligence skills are taught. The study also encourages the implementation of policies to help deal with climate change and innovation diversity. These policies include diverse input in innovation decision-making. This advice can be used by everyone, helping organizations attain better technical results. Service innovation capabilities are influenced by factors such as emotional intelligence, a diverse work environment, and an innovative business culture.
Impact of microvascular injury various types on function of left ventricular in patients with primary myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation
Authors: Alekseeva Ya. V. , Vyshlov E. V. , Pavlyukova E. N. , Ussov V. Yu. , Markov V. A. , Ryabov V. V.
Published: June 2021

Aim. To analyze the long-term effect of microvascular injury various types on the structural and functional parameters of the left ventricle assessed by echocardiography in patients with primary ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Materials and methods. The study included 60 patients with primary STEMI admitted within the first 12 hours after the onset of disease who underwent stenting of the infarct-associated coronary artery. Each patient included in the study underwent CMR imaging on the second day post-STEMI. MVO and IMH were assessed using late gadolinium enhancement and T2-weighted CMR imaging. Subsequently, all patients underwent the standard echocardiographic protocol on the 7th day and 3 months after MI. Results. We divided all patients into 4 groups: the 1st group didn’t have any phenomena of IMH and MVO, the 2nd group had only MVO, patients of the 3rd group had only IMH and in the 4th group there was a combination of MVO and IMH. LV ejection fraction was significantly lower in patients with combination of MVO and IMH, if compared to those without it. Correlation analysis showed a moderate inverse correlation between the MVO area and LV contractile function: the larger the area, the lower the LVEF (R=-0,60; p=0,000002).Conclusions. The combination of IMH and MVO is a predictor of a reduction in LVEF and an increase of volumetric measurements within 3 months after MI. In comparison with patients without microvascular injury isolated MVO is associated with lower LVEF. The size of MVO is directly correlated with the LV contractile function decrease. Isolated IMH was not associated with deterioration of left ventricular function.
Group Acceptance Sampling Plan for Resubmitted Lots: Size Biased Lomax Distribution
Authors: Gadde Srinivasa Rao , A Naga Durgamamba
Published: June 2021

This research reveals a group acceptance sampling plan (GASP) for lot resubmitting is designed for conditions wherein an item life is taken from the size biased Lomax distribution (SBLD). The plan parameters of the GASP are obtained by fulfilling the prefixed producer’s and consumer’s risks as per the test completion time and the number of testers. The projected plan needs a minimal sample size in comparison with the standard GASP. This proposed plan is justified with an example.
Aprendamos todos a leer: Guía para el docente: Segundo grado, segundo semestre: Unidades 4, 5 y 6
Authors: Márquez de Arboleda Ángela , Osuna Arciniegas Mariana , Jiménez Cardona Martha Liliana , Pérez Niño Lina , Cárdenas Poveda Elizabeth , González Camacho Camilo Andrés , Irigoyen Juan Carlos
Published: June 2021

“Aprendamos todos a leer” es un programa para la enseñanza del lenguaje en la básica primaria. En preescolar y primer grado, la enseñanza explícita de la lectura y la escritura se enfoca en el desarrollo y consolidación de las habilidades precursoras en la etapa inicial, como son: la conciencia fonológica, el principio alfabético, la adquisición de vocabulario nuevo, la comprensión oral y de lectura y la escritura de letras, palabras y oraciones. En segundo grado los materiales, recursos y tareas de aula están encaminadas a la consolidación de las habilidades precursoras y al trabajo enmarcado en los DBA (Derechos Básicos del Aprendizaje) y las tipologías textuales. Las actividades en equipo, en pares, de manera individual y con el docente le permiten al estudiante ejercitar las habilidades que aseguran aprendizajes perdurables. Esta guía hace parte del material diseñado para el uso por parte de los docentes durante el segundo semestre escolar (unidades 4,5,6).
Irrigação com água salina e uso de biofertilizante bovino no crescimento e nas trocas gasosas de feijão-de-corda
Authors: Magalhães Clarissa Lima , Sousa Geocleber Gomes de , Barbosa Andreza Silva , Ribeiro Rute Maria Rocha , Santos Max Ferreira dos , Cruz Filho Elizeu Matos da
Published: June 2021

O biofertilizante pode atenuar o efeito do estresse salino no crescimento inicial e na fisiologia do feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata). O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do biofertilizante bovino no crescimento inicial e trocas gasosas de plantas de feijão-caupi irrigadas com água salina. O experimento foi conduzido em condição de campo na Horta Didática do campus da Liberdade na Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Redenção, Ceará. A cultivar “BRS Tumucumaque” foi utilizada no experimento, sendo semeada em vasos plásticos de 8 litros, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso sob esquema fatorial 5x2, com quatro repetições, sendo o primeiro fator composto por cinco concentrações de biofertilizantes (5, 10, 15, 20 e 25% do volume do vaso e o segundo fator composto pela condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (CEa: 0,5 e 5,0 dS m-1). A área foliar, número de folhas, diâmetro do caule, altura das plantas, condutância estomática, taxa de fotossíntese e transpiração foram avaliadas. O estresse salino reduziu a altura de plantas, transpiração e fotossíntese. A concentração de 15% de biofertilizante bovino foi a mais eficiente para atenuar o uso da água de alta salinidade para o número de folhas, diâmetro do caule, área foliar e a condutância estomática.
Lanthanum in vitro control of Alternaria solani and induction resistance mechanism against blight tomato plant
Authors: Solino Antônio Jussiê da Silva , Oliveira Juliana Santos Batista , Cesnik Sergio Augusto , Schwan-Estrada Kátia Regina Freitas
Published: June 2021

Rare earth elements have been tested in control of plant diseases. Lanthanum (La) was tested in the control of Alternaria solani (in vitro) and tomato early blight (in vivo) using the concentration 0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.4 and 0.8 g L-1. In vitro, the concentration were diluted in V8 culture medium and evaluated for mycelial growth rate index (MGRI) and pathogen sporulation. In vivo, 24 hours after the application of concentration was inoculate the pathogen and 24 hours after the inoculation, leaflets were collected for quantification, the specific catalytic activity and guaiacol peroxidase. The severity of tomato early blight were also analyzed. As 0.27 and 0.28 g L-1 reduces 28% and 50% the MGRI and the sporulation, respectively. Peroxidase and catalase activity was increased by 298% and 151% in tomato treated with 0.5 and 0.4 g L-1de La, respectively. In vivo reduces AUDPC 70% when was applied 0.27 g L-1 La. Lanthanum can be used as resistance inducer in controlling tomato early blight.
The Cultural Border Crossing Index: implications for higher education teachers in the UAE
Authors: Hatherley-Greene Peter
Published: June 2021

Student transitions from secondary to tertiary education have attracted global attention as universities and colleges of higher education seek to improve student retention. Over the course of one academic year, I documented the transitional experiences of first-year male Emirati students at a college of higher education in a rural location of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In this paper I describe four categories of cultural border crossing experiences – smooth, managed, difficult, and impossible – with easier and smoother crossing experiences associated with close congruency (related to the students’ self-perceived attitude and scholastic preparedness as broadly reflected in their competence in their second language, English) between the predominantly Arabic life-world associated with Emirati families and government schooling and the dominant Western/English language culture in institutes of higher education. Additionally, I describe and evaluate students’ cultural border crossing experiences with some Foundation program faculty, finding that those teachers who developed a classroom culture based on Kleinfeld’s (1975) notion of ‘warm demandingness’ and caring rapport-building appeared to have the most positive impact upon the students. Implications from this research have the potential to positively impact both the student and faculty classroom experience in the Gulf tertiary classroom, in addition to improving overall student retention rates.
Definitions and Differences: The Evolving Space of Energy Access in Humanitarian Energy.
Authors:   Coventry University, UK, Al-Kaddo Hajar , Rosenberg-Jansen Sarah ,   University of Oxford, UK
Published: June 2021

The paper draws on definitional ideas presented in the book ‘Energy Access and Forced Migration’ (Grafham 2020) and builds on analytical work from our doctoral research. The definitions presented in the following sections are intended as starting points for discussion, rather than representing formally formal terms. It is hoped that over time, such definitions can evolve as an ‘industry standard’ lexicon for humanitarian energy policy and practice. We welcome feedback and discussion of these ideas to further support the development of the humanitarian energy sector.
La cuestión de la desigualdad y los estudios de estructura social en las últimas dos décadas del siglo XXI: una reflexión posible con énfasis en América Latina
Authors: NOGUEIRA JOAQUÍN MARÍA ELENA
Published: June 2021

En este artículo, se propone un ejercicio de reflexión teórica sobre el tratamiento de la desigualdad en la actualidad, considerando, en especial, los aportes de este concepto en el análisis de la estructura social. Si bien la reflexión surge sobre lecturas esencialmente situadas en América Latina, la cuestión la excede largamente como eje territorial, posicionando este tema como uno de los más actuales en los estudios sociales. Se trata de una reflexión eminentemente teórica construida a partir de la re-lectura de textos clásicos y actuales seleccionados intencionalmente para su análisis. De ésta se desprende la relevancia actual de las diversas perspectivas acerca de la desigualdad, sus dimensiones y sus modos de vincularse para el análisis de la estructura social.
From Pausanias to Baedeker and Trip Advisor: Textual proto-tourism and the engendering of tourism distribution channels
Authors: Katsoni Vicky , Fyta Anna
Published: June 2021

The key aim of this article is to provide an interdisciplinary look at tourism and its diachronic textual threads bequeathed by the ‘proto-tourist’ texts of the Greek travel author Pausanias. Using the periegetic, travel texts from his voluminous Description of Greece (2nd century CE) as a springboard for our presentation, we intend to show how the textual strategies employed by Pausanias have been received and still remain at the core of contemporary series of travel guides first authored by Karl Baedeker (in the 19th century). After Baedeker, Pausanias’ textual travel tropes, as we will show, still inform the epistemology of modern-day tourism; the interaction of travel texts with travel information and distribution channels produces generic hybrids, and the ancient Greek travel authors have paved the way for the construction of networks, digital storytelling and global tourist platforms.
Physico-chemical and Functional Properties of Whole Maize Flour Blended with Wheat and Gram Flour
Authors: Kathuria Prerna , Kaur Gagandeep , Kanojia Varsha
Published: June 2021

Background: About one third of the maize production is imbibed in the form of flat breads or chapati which is consumed basically in the northern states of India. Maize flat breads are generally prepared with hands, owing to lower gluten content and lower binding properties it is difficult to prepare. In the present study the effect of blending composition of wheat and gram in maize flour on physico-chemical and functional properties were investigated. Methods: The maize flour of PMH–1 variety was blended with wheat and gram flour in different combinations of (20, 30 and 40%). The composite flours were evaluated for different physico-chemical properties like moisture content, protein content, crude fat, crude fibre, ash content, carbohydrates, titrable acidity, color value, titrable acidity, swelling power, oil holding and water holding capacity. Result: It was observed from the study that the protein content (2.83±0.02%), fat content (6.13±0.02%) and fibre content (2.82±0.02%) was higher for gram blended flour than wheat blended flour. The swelling power of the flour blended with wheat was found out to be higher (30.74±0.01%), than blended with gram flour (25.30±0.01%), whereas the oil holding and water holding capacity of wheat blended and maize blended flours was similar.
The use of a non-pedal tricycle to promote physical activity in nursing home residents: a pilot study
Authors: Calve Tatiane , Barela Ana Maria F.
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Elderly individuals living in nursing homes are usually inactive and do not seem motivated to engage in physical activity. Therefore, it is important to investigate new possibilities that enable them to be active in these environments.
AIM: To investigate the feasibility of a protocol using a non-pedal tricycle in elderly individuals living in nursing homes and its effects on improving endurance, walking speed, and functional mobility.
METHOD: Fourteen nursing home residents aged from 60 to 93 years were included in the study protocol. They were randomly allocated into two groups: control (CG) and intervention (IG). The CG kept their routine during the engagement in the study, and the IG, in addition to the routine, used a non-pedal tricycle to move around the nursing home twice a week for 12 weeks. Participants from both groups underwent the 6-minute walk, 10-meter walk, and timed-up and go tests, one week before the first practice session and one week after the last practice session provided to the IG.
RESULTS: Before the intervention, there was no group difference in any test, and after the intervention, only IG participants presented an increase in walking distance and walking speed. Both groups did not change their time to conclude the timed-up and go test.
CONCLUSION: The use of a non-pedal tricycle seems appropriate in stimulating physical activity in individuals living in nursing homes. Besides the motivation to move around, walking resistance and speed improved.
Underlying physiological and biomechanical mechanisms related to postural control of Parkour practitioners: a pilot study
Authors: Veneroso André F. V. , Segundo Patrick W. , Godoi Daniela
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Parkour can be seen as a sport, an art, a philosophy, a state of mind, an art of living. Practitioners (known as “tracers”) have to overcome obstacles in their path by adapting their movements to the given environment to reach somewhere or something or to escape from someone or something. However, the knowledge about the underlying mechanisms related to postural control in tracers is still lacking.
AIM: To examine the postural control in tracers using global, structural, and spectral stabilometric descriptors.
METHOD: Five tracers and five controls, all-male, stood upright for 30 seconds, under different conditions of vision (open or closed eyes), surface (soft or rigid), and base of support (bipedal, semi-tandem, or Parkour stance).
RESULTS: In more challenging conditions, the tracers compared to controls, showed a lower amount of sway, needed less postural commands, and used sensory information to control balance differently.
CONCLUSION: Tracers have better postural control than controls. Moreover, although current findings are based on data from a small number of subjects, the results suggest that these differences between groups are related to different underlying physiological and biomechanical mechanisms related to postural control.
Evaluation of effectiveness of cranial morphological characteristics for sex estimation in a Brazilian sample
Authors: Stasievski Larissa , Ulbricht Viviane , Pecorari Vanessa Gallego Arias , Moreira Andrade Vanessa , Francesquini Júnior Luiz
Published: June 2021

Forensic physical anthropometry allows the determination of animal species and estimates sex, ancestry, age and height. Aim: To analyze the effectiveness of a cranioscopic/ morphological evaluation for sex estimation with a sample of the Brazilian mixed-race population by conducting a qualitative visual assessment without prior knowledge of sex. Methods: This is a blind cross-sectional study that evaluated 30 cranial characteristics of 192 skulls with mandible, 108 male and 84 female individuals, aged 22 to 97 years, from the Osteological and Tomographic Biobank. The qualitative characteristics were classified and compared to the actual sex information of the Biobank database. The statistical analysis was used to calculate de Cohen’s kappa coefficient, total percentage of agreement, sensitivity and specificity of visual sex classification. Results: Of the 30 cranial variables analyzed, 15 presented moderate degree of agreement, achieving value of Kappa test between 0.41–0.60: Glabella (Gl), Angle and lines (At), Mental eminence (Em), Mandible size (Tm), Cranial base (Bc), Mouth depth (Pb), Nasal aperture (Anl), Supraorbital region (Rs), Orbits (Orb), Mastoid processes (Pm), Alveolar arches (Aa), Zygomatic arch (Az), Orbital edge (Bo), Supraorbital protuberances (Pts), and Supramastoid crests and rugosity (Crsm). The Facial physiognomy (Ff) presented substantial reliability (0.61-0.80) with 89.8% sensitivity for male sex and 70.2% specificity. Conclusions: Cranial morphological characteristics present sexual dimorphism; however, in this study only 15 variables showed moderate degree of agreement and can be used in sex estimation. Only one variable (Ff) 81.2% total agreement with substantial reliability. Quantitative methods can be associated for safe sex estimation.
Planeta infestado, cidades infestadas
Authors: Esteban Cangi Adrian
Published: June 2021

A necropolítica, uma forma de governamentalidade neoliberal, assume a forma do poder dissolutivo dos corpos, democratizando o “poder de matar”, hoje todos podemos fazê-lo. Estamos cercados pela gestão da morte, gerencia-se qual corpo morre e como ele morre. Essa forma de processar os corpos individuais está diretamente relacionada com a dissolução do corpo social, um espaço vital para a política como polemos, que agora se instala como uma possibilidade de “contágio coletivo”. O corpo social é sujeito político somente enquanto poder de contágio ou portador do impulso da morte. A necropolítica que impõe o “isolamento” como um dispositivo do governo, como controle e administração da saúde, instala um argumento sensível e complexo na “blindagem” necessária da própria vida como condição e resseguro da higiene e da saúde coletiva.
Overview of tourism statistics at the Statistical office of the Republic Slovenia
Authors: Škafar Alenka
Published: June 2021

The article presents the current situation of tourism statistics whose most important part is monthly accommodation statistics. This was revised in cooperation with the Swiss Federal Statistical Office and is nowadays in line with the European standards. Every three years two rather comprehensive sample surveys arc carried out: one on the frontiers where foreign travellers are leaving Slovenia and the other in the accommodation establishments. Sample surveys are the most important source of data on inbound tourism in Slovenia. As a part of the Household Budget Survey, the sample survey on travels of domestic population is carried out. In the field of tourism, the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia cooperates with some international organisations, such as WTO (World Tourism Organisation), Eurostat (European Statistical Office) and some others.
Investment in coastal hotels - limits and incentives
Authors: Kobašić Antun
Published: June 2021

Hotels in coastal (resort) destinations operate under special circumstances differing widely from others. These circumstances are being influenced by various exogenous and endogenous factors according to which investments and hotel management has to be adjusted. Business performance of adjustment depends on the strength of the influence on these circumstances, out of which one can specially distinguish: development level of the surroundings, microlocation, capital availability and its price, human resources, realistic market possibilities. At the same time these circumstances make limits of investment, while stimulation emerges from entrepreneurial expectations and initiatives in society. Some examples from recent practice in Croatia are given for this reason.
The collection of international tourism expenditure statistics on open area: methodology and applications - the case of the Veneto region
Authors: Manente Mara , Minghetti Valeria
Published: June 2021

It is now generally acknowledged the need of collecting information on the expenditure behaviour of inbound tourists, which is crucial for estimating the macro-economic impact of tourism in an area (open or closed) in terms of GDP, employment and balance of payments. The survey on inbound tourist expenditure in the Veneto region here described represents the first step towards the development of a Regional Tourism Information System, useful not only for researchers but also for all public and private operators involved in tourism management, marketing and planning. The paper describes objectives, methodology and organisation of this survey, by providing the analytical framework for the systematic collection of data on characteristics and consumption behaviour of inbound tourists.
Personality and hospitality management development
Authors: Stone Graham J. , Ineson Elisabeth
Published: June 2021

The research analyses the contribution of personality to the exercise of the management function within the hospitality industry, and demonstrates that the profiles of incumbents can be measured more objectively by the use of self-assessment instruments. On the basis of pilot studies in Hungary and the Czech Republic a the profiles of final year hospitality students were identified and were compared with current job incumbents. Analysis of the findings indicate a mis-match between student and management traits. The conclusions suggest that educational programmes should be modified if the student experience is to be made more realistic and relevant to the needs o f industry. Implementation of the research should result in improved satisfaction of students' career aspirations and on a wider level, it could contribute significantly to management performance across the industry.
International standards of measuring and evaluating quality in tourism and hotel management
Authors: Vujić Vidoje
Published: June 2021

The global economy market that is developing more and more rapidly demands from all of its subjects a particular quality and application of standards adopted by international associations for the standardization of products and services. This work scrutinizes the standards of the system of quality and business excellence. It analyzes the connections between business efficiency and evaluation of business excellence, and accentuates the processes of verification and the criteria of national awards for quality.
Improving tourism and leisure: towards the Australian Olympics in the year 2000 - a focus on people development and the learning organisation
Authors: Sofo Francesco
Published: June 2021

There have been significant economic, political and technological changes in terms of globalisation, new policies, practices and laws that have impacted on the way organisations operate and offer their services and products. One major impact of globalisation has been the new focus by organisations on their people as the most valuable resource. All businesses are people businesses. People development is at the heart of business success. A company’s HR policy needs to cover every aspect of its operation from what it sells and to whom through to how it organises itself, its capital, equipment, its people, who it employs and where it operates. Over the past ten years managers have acknowledged their role for developing people by taking increased responsibility for improving the skills, knowledge and attitudes (training, education, development) of their people. Managers and employees are changing their relationship to achieve competitive advantage through increased commitment and focus on customers and managing value. This is a description of how one key provider of services to the Olympic Games to be held in Sydney, Australia in the year 2000, has been preparing its staff to optimise this opportunity. The description refers to a three phase change strategy that the organisation is currently implementing over a three year period so that it can maximise its contribution and competitiveness towards the year 2000. I have called the organisation, The Retail Company.
Die Tourismusstatistik im Alpenraum unter besonderer Berücksichtigung Südtirols und deren Auswirkung auf das Destinationsmanagement
Authors: Aberer Alfred , Pechlaner Harald
Published: June 2021

Dieser Beitrag betrachtet Südtirols Tourismus im Vergleich zu anderen Destinationen, desen Vorteile und negative Auswirkungen. Dabei ist die statistische Datengewinnung und verarbeitung als Ausgangspunkt für ein Informationssystem, verstanden. Die Tourismusorganisation ist die wichtigste Voraussetzung für Destinationasmanagement, und dabei für den Destinationsmanagement des Alpenraums. Deswegen wird in diesem Beitrag die strategiegerechte Gestaltung eines Destinationsmanagements und -marketings unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Globalisierung im Tourismus, der Analyse unterstellt.
TOURISM AS FUNCTION OF STRATEGY OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN CROATIA
Authors: Blažević Branko
Published: June 2021

Since Croatia does not have an economic strategy it follows that it has no export strategy. It can he said that the macroeconomic policy does more to hinder than to inherence exports. Croatia has not managed to create nor define its strategic national products. The author is trying to present and argue the meaning of export and specially the national tourist product as the strategic product of Croatia. Export is the basic supposition o f total stability and future development of Croatian economy. Croatian market, without export, is too small for any serious development of one's own. Croatian economy should be adjusted for the global market, especially for the market of EU, CEFTA and CEI. The basic instruments for such economic policy are real exchange rate and corresponding export stimulating policy. The exchange rate policy and the export promoting policy are essential for the enforcement of export oriented strategy. The author is looking upon Croatian tourism as a good model for an open economy and is trying to contemplate this model as a economic locomotive, about which a considerable portion of Croatian economists unfortunately have not a right imagination. It makes demands for moving many of tourist policy mechanism, which will finally vindicate the epithet of “priority activities’’ and allow “to develop tourism resources". All this demands even more and ambitious goals and projects of tourism development, further sophisticated marketing activities and especially “state intervention’’ for stimulating measures. Without implementation of these propositions, tourism will never have any change for faster development. This will result in deeper lag from Europe and other developed countries.
THESAURUS OF TOURISM
Authors: Turkulin Branka
Published: June 2021

Neue Erkenntnisse die zur Tourismusentwicklung benötigt werden entstehen auf Grund des Einblicks in derzeitig vorhandenes Wissen, Dokumente und Daten. Dieselben werden von Universitätsbibliotheken, wissenschaftlichen Institutionen, Dokumentationszentren und Datenbanken gesichert. Dabei ist es ratsam "die gleiche Sprache" zu verwenden, sowohl bei der bibliothekarischen Bearbeitung als auch im Suchvorgang. Thesaurus - als kontrolliertes und dynamisches Wörterbuch einer "solchen Sprache" muss die Vielschichtigkeit des Tourismus wiederspiegeln, da es sich zum gemeinsamen Nenner einer Gruppe verschiedener Wissenschaften, Ordnungen und Tätigkeiten entwickelt, ausgehend von den Methoden und der Terminologie dieser Gruppen, aber sich zugleich in der Entwicklungsphase einer eigenen wissenschaftlichen Paradigma befindet. Einen interdisziplinären und mehrsprachigen Tourismusthesaurus gibt es noch nicht, doch das Institut für Tourismus veranlasst den Beginn seiner Aufbauung. New knowledge necessary for tourism development is based on existing knowledge, documents and data provided by university and research libraries, documentation centers, databases, using the "same language" both while bibliographic processing and search/retrieval. Thesaurus, being a controlled and dynamic vocabulary of such a language, should reflect all the complexity of tourism which has been developing as a common denominator for a set of various sciences, disciplines and activities, starting with their methodology and terminology, but at the same time progressing developing its own scientific paradigm. An interdisciplinary and multilingual thesaurus of tourism still does not exist and the Institute for Tourism starts with a project for its development. Described are basic characteristics of a thesaurus, methods of work (both analytical and syntetic or systematic), external and internal features needed for establishment of its structure. In more detail is described the work done so far, which comprises term collection - key words (both in Croatian and English) which should represent the basic corpus of candidates for descriptors, and which must be "literary warrant", i.e. taken from a source with verified scientific authority.
THE QUALITY OF HOTEL PERFORMANCE (The Effectiveness and Efficiency)
Authors: Avelini Holjevac Ivanka , Vrtodušić Ana Marija
Published: June 2021

Service quality has been a major preoccupation of the hospitality industry throughout the 1980s and the early 1990s. Quality management systems have been clearly identified as a means of increasing the professionalism and social competence of staff, while developments such as customer care programs and quality teams have produced notable improvements in the effectiveness and efficiency. Starting from the main economic goal of making profit in each enterprise, it is necessary to measure and to evaluate effectiveness and efficiency. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the importance and necessity of measuring two aspects of the quality of business success: effectiveness (hotel market success) and efficiency (hotel economy). The paper defines effectiveness and efficiency as well as key ratios for measuring and evaluating those two aspects of quality of business success.
AN ANALYSIS OF DECISION-MAKING PERFORMANCES IN CROATIAN HOTEL ENTERPRISES FROM 1994 TO 1998
Authors: Brajdić Igor
Published: June 2021

Initial research on some of the decision-making features in Croatian hotel enterprises in the period from the end of 1994 until 1998 was carried out with the primary aim of determining possible discrepancies and forwarding likely hypotheses for the causes of these discrepancies. Our analysis into the characteristics of decision-making is focused on certain key factors which influence the quality of decision-making. These are: decision categories with regard to their effect on the system and with regard to type of problem-oriented situation at hand; the competence of the manager; knowledge and experience; personal characteristics: the age factor. Possible measures for improving and enhancing these factors are also proposed. This paper covers the large hotel enterprises in the Istria region and the Primorsko-goranska County and deals with both high-level and middle-level management. The following results can be singled out from our research: - Providing youth is one of the suppositions for entering the third millennium, we can say that high-level management in the Croatian hotel industry of 1998 has greater potential for achieving this goal than did the high-level management of 1994. - Data obtained show that high-level management is very well qualified with regard to educational background. However, the majority of high-level managers and a considerable number o f middle-level managers do not possess the necessary knowledge in the field of hotel management. This applies to the entire period observed. - The years of employment at current positions do not exceed 10 years meaning that high-level managers are more open to challenges which they can face confidently based on prior experience. - High-level managers devote too much time to operational and tactical decisions at the expense of their main task within the enterprise which is developing a strategy, a vision of the future and making it into a reality. -There is an obvious drop in the quality of high-level decision-making towards the end of the period observed. Although high-level management should be committed to non-programmed decisions, this is hardly the case in reality. These results clearly indicate the necessity to undertake immediate measures in the field of hotel management in order to: 1. Increase the level of hotel management knowledge in both high-level and middle-level managers. 2. Create a setting in which high-level management, throughout the country, will be motivated to take strategic decisions. 3. Develop the support apparatus to decision-making as an indispensable prerequisite to the successful development of the Croatian hotel industry.
CONTROLLING ALS METHODISCHE VORAUSSETZUNG ZUR ERFOLGREICHEN PLANUNG IM HOTELBETRIEB
Authors: Fuchs Matthias
Published: June 2021

Der Artikel setzt sich mit zwei Aspekten des Controlling in Hotelbetrieben auseinander: Zunächst wird ein Überblick über die diversen Einsatzbereiche des Controlling für Hotelbetriebe gegeben (Holleis, 1993; Kotas, 1994). Dabei werden ausgewählte Controlling-Ansätze fallstudienartig sowie mit Bezug auf ihr betriebliches Problemlösungspotential (Lesure, 1983; Atkinson, Kelliher und LeBruto, 1997) dargestellt. Zweitens wird der Versuch unternommen, Controlling-Ansätze nicht als Gegensatz, sondern als integrativen Bestandteil von Yield-Management Modellen für Hotelbetriebe zu definieren und damit auf Entwicklungstendenzen existierender Controlling-Ansätze für die Hotellerie näher einzugehen (Donaghy, McMahon und McDowell, 1995; Burgess, 1996; Norman und Mayer, 1997).
CULTURAL TOURISM AS COMPETITIVE FACTOR IN MEDITERRANEAN TOURISM - A comparative study of the Japanese and the German source markets for the Italian cultural heritag
Authors: Pechlaner Harald , Jäger Barbara
Published: June 2021

The Mediterranean region is a delicate area of living, exposed to severe trouble that may be caused even by minor influences, e.g. military conflicts. Therefore, it is necessary to search for useful long-term solutions for tourism in the countries of this region. Due to the abundance of cultural assets, cultural tourism becomes ever more important. On the other hand, the weak points of product development and marketing become apparent in spite of great demand. This empirical study determines the needs of people potentially interested in visiting Italy with the example of the source markets in Japan and in Germany, particularly considering cultural tourism with specific consideration of castles and stately homes. Having determined these needs, it will be possible to show the required consequences for product development and marketing at a local, regional, national and international level.