bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
World-Class Electrical Design Tool for Shipbuilding
Authors: Pérez Fernández Rodrigo
Published: July 2022

Electrical aspects of complex vessels are significantly relevant within the overall design and production, but it is a fact that shipyards and technical offices still don’t have this discipline completely integrated within the rest of CAD disciplines. The consequence of this lack of electrical capability is the need of very costly manual intervention to achieve the quality expected. The efficient management of the typical electrical items, such as cables, electric devices, hangers, trays, and their connections leverage the design. But even more, the advanced capability for clash detection or intelligent engineering advices, such as the critical distance from high power cables to sensitive equipment or transits in structure elements could reduce dramatically costly errors in production. This paper describes a CAD System electrical solution, which is fully capable and totally integrated with the rest of the design disciplines. Apart from the description of its core capability, including intelligent diagrams connected to the 3D model, advanced standards management or the user-friendly 3D environment for equipment and cable layout, there will be described the newest functionality added to the tool in the last versions. Among others, it is remarkable the conduits management with cables in electrical trays, drawings with smart cable interconnection, advanced penetrations management, reuse of electrical diagrams from external sources, and the ability for cable installation planning. The convenience of using a suitable tool to handle the electrical aspects in all design and production stages, is especially critical in naval vessels and submarines, in which the solution described has been successfully used for years. Electrical CAD design can be used in a standalone version too, as it offers capability to interchange data with other potential CAD tools and it is integrated with some of the most important Product Lifecycle Management solutions in shipbuilding.
Ergonomia, moda e vestuário: uma análise sistemática de artigos publicados em periódicos brasileiros
Authors: Junior Glauber Soares , Batista Fabiano Eloy Atílio , Schemes Claudia
Published: July 2022

O campo do vestuário e da moda é atravessado por diversas áreas, entre estas, destaca-se a ergonomia. Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo principal de mapear e analisar de que forma o conceito de ergonomia vem sendo utilizado em pesquisas na área do design de moda e vestuário em periódicos do Brasil, utilizando o escopo de seis revistas compreendidas como de grande relevância para tais áreas, sendo estas: Modapalavra e-periódico; dObra[s]; Achiote.com - Revista Eletrônica de Moda; Revista de Ensino em Artes, Moda e Design; Projética; e Educação Gráfica. Em termos metodológicos, trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva-exploratória, de natureza quantitativa-qualitativa, efetivada através de uma análise sistemática de bibliografia. Em relação aos principais resultados, foram analisados 23 trabalhos chegando-se ao entendimento central de que a maioria destes artigos possuíam como objetivação a solução de problemas relacionados ao vestuário através do desenvolvimento de produtos ergonômicos, salientando a importância do designer de moda entender o conceito de ergonomia e aplicá-lo na cadeia produtiva de forma eficaz. Enquanto resultados gerais, destaca-se a importância do estudo e aplicação da ergonomia no vestuário para que sejam otimizadas as necessidades humanas cotidianas.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL APPLIED IN REVERSE INTERNAL LOGISTICS WITH OBJECT-ORIENTED SIMULATION
Authors: CASADIEGO CASADIEGO SARMIENTO RAFAEL EMILIO , JIMENEZ GARCIA JOSE ALFREDO , HERNANDEZ GONZALEZ SALVADOR , RUELAS SANTOYO EDGAR AUGUSTO , HERNANDEZ VAZQUEZ JOSE OMAR
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article presents a deterministic mathematical model for a closed circuit of reverse internal logistics, with application in the automotive assembly sector, which allowed data collection, respecting the confidentiality of the information collected, to improve empty returnable container collection processes. In addition, the object-oriented simulation of the current and proposed situation was carried out, using the FlexSim Problem Solved® simulation software, allowing real-time visualization of the present scenario in the automotive plant and the improvement alternative, achieving in turn with the mathematical model calculate output and preparation of returnable empty containers. First-order differential equations of separable variables were used in the model to find an approximate solution, and with additional design adjustments in the layout of the facilities.
Keywords: deterministic, flow racks, inverse, layout, lean, model, objects, process, simulation, tokens, tuggers.
Korsgaard’s Duties towards Animals: Two Difficulties
Authors: Mueller Nico
Published: July 2022

Building on her previous work (2004, 2012, 2013), Christine Korsgaard’s recent book Fellow Creatures (2018) has provided the most highly developed Kantian account of duties towards animals. I raise two issues with the results of this account. First, the duties that Korsgaard accounts for are duties “towards” animals in name only. Since Korsgaard does not reject the Kantian conception in which direct duties towards others require mutual moral constraint, what she calls duties “towards” animals are merely Kantian duties regarding animals, verbally repackaged. Hence, Korsgaard’s account is best understood as an expansion (albeit a substantial one) of Kant’s own view of an indirect duty regarding animals. Second, the expansion does not take us quite as far as Korsgaard hopes. She aims for a conception in which our duties towards animals and humans are equally important, but her argument does not support this conclusion. I point out the potential for a more radical revision of Kant’s anthropocentrism that rejects his underlying assumption that duties towards others are based on mutual constraint.
AR-V7 exhibits non-canonical mechanisms of nuclear import and chromatin engagement in castrate-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Kim Seaho , Au CheukMan C , Jamalruddin Mohd Azrin Bin , Abou-Ghali Naira Essam , Mukhtar Eiman , Portella Luigi , Berger Adeline , Worroll Daniel , Vatsa Prerna , Rickman David S , Nanus David M , Giannakakou Paraskevi
Published: July 2022

Expression of the AR splice variant, androgen receptor variant 7 (AR-V7), in prostate cancer is correlated with poor patient survival and resistance to AR targeted therapies and taxanes. Currently, there is no specific inhibitor of AR-V7, while the molecular mechanisms regulating its biological function are not well elucidated. Here, we report that AR-V7 has unique biological features that functionally differentiate it from canonical AR-fl or from the second most prevalent variant, AR-v567. First, AR-V7 exhibits fast nuclear import kinetics via a pathway distinct from the nuclear localization signal dependent importin-α/β pathway used by AR-fl and AR-v567. We also show that the dimerization box domain, known to mediate AR dimerization and transactivation, is required for AR-V7 nuclear import but not for AR-fl. Once in the nucleus, AR-V7 is transcriptionally active, yet exhibits unusually high intranuclear mobility and transient chromatin interactions, unlike the stable chromatin association of liganded AR-fl. The high intranuclear mobility of AR-V7 together with its high transcriptional output, suggest a Hit-and-Run mode of transcription. Our findings reveal unique mechanisms regulating AR-V7 activity, offering the opportunity to develop selective therapeutic interventions.
Mathematical relationships between spinal motoneuron properties
Authors: Caillet Arnault H , Phillips Andrew TM , Farina Dario , Modenese Luca
Published: July 2022

Our understanding of the behaviour of spinal alpha-motoneurons (MNs) in mammals partly relies on our knowledge of the relationships between MN membrane properties, such as MN size, resistance, rheobase, capacitance, time constant, axonal conduction velocity, and afterhyperpolarization duration. We reprocessed the data from 40 experimental studies in adult cat, rat, and mouse MN preparations to empirically derive a set of quantitative mathematical relationships between these MN electrophysiological and anatomical properties. This validated mathematical framework, which supports past findings that the MN membrane properties are all related to each other and clarifies the nature of their associations, is besides consistent with the Henneman’s size principle and Rall’s cable theory. The derived mathematical relationships provide a convenient tool for neuroscientists and experimenters to complete experimental datasets, explore the relationships between pairs of MN properties never concurrently observed in previous experiments, or investigate inter-mammalian-species variations in MN membrane properties. Using this mathematical framework, modellers can build profiles of inter-consistent MN-specific properties to scale pools of MN models, with consequences on the accuracy and the interpretability of the simulations.
Coral micro-fragmentation assays for optimizing active reef restoration efforts
Authors: Knapp Ingrid S.S. , Forsman Zac H. , Greene Austin , Johnston Erika C. , Bardin Claire E. , Chan Norton , Wolke Chelsea , Gulko David , Toonen Robert J.
Published: July 2022

The global decline of coral reefs has driven considerable interest in active coral restoration. Despite their importance and dominance on mature reefs, relatively few coral restoration projects use slower growth forms like massive and encrusting coral species. Micro-fragmentation can increase coral cover by orders of magnitude faster than natural growth, which now allows cultivation of slow growing massive forms and shows promise and flexibility for active reef restoration. However, the major causes of variation in growth and survival of outplanted colonies remain poorly understood. Here, we report simple outplanting assays to aid in active reef restoration of slower growing species and increase the likelihood of restoration success. We used two different micro-fragmentation assays. Pyramid assays were used to examine variation associated with fragment size (ranging from ≈1–9 cm2), nursery residence time (for both in-situ and ex-situ nurseries), and 2D vs. 3D measurements of growth. Block assays were used to examine spatial variation among individual performance at outplanting sites in the field. We found 2D and 3D measurements correlated well, so measured survivorship and growth using top-down planar images for two of the main Hawaiian reef building corals, the plating Montipora capitata and the massive Porites compressa. Pyramid assays housed and outplanted from the in-situ nursery showed no effect of residence time or size on overall survivorship or growth for either species. Results from the ex-situ nursery, however, varied by species, with P. compressa again showing no effect of nursery residence time or size on survivorship or growth. In contrast, nursery culture resulted in improved survivorship of small M. capitata fragments, but net growth showed a weak positive effect of nursery time for medium fragments. Small fragments still suffered higher mortality than either medium or large fragments. Due to their lower mortality, medium fragments (≈3 cm2) appear to be the best compromise between growth and survivorship for outplanting. Likewise, given weak positive gains relative to the investment, our results suggest that it could be more cost-effective to simply outplant medium fragments as soon as possible, without intermediate culture in a nursery. Furthermore, the block assay revealed significant differences in survivorship and growth among sites for individuals of both species, emphasizing the importance of considering spatial variation in coral survival and growth following outplanting. These results highlight the value of using short-term micro-fragmentation assays prior to outplanting to assess size, and location specific performance, optimizing the efficiency of active reef restoration activities and maximizing the probability of success for active coral restoration projects.
O MACACÃO VERMELHO QUE GANHOU O MUNDO. CONVERGÊNCIA E STREAMING EM LA CASA DE PAPEL
Authors: Abel Bressan Júnior Mario , Fabiele de Melo Klos Evelyn
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho possui como como objetivo geral, analisar de que forma a cultura da convergência e a cultura participativa contribuíram para o aumento significativo do número de fãs e espectadores de La Casa de Papel após entrar para o catálogo internacional de filmes e séries da Netflix, se tornando assim uma das produções mais vistas em todos os países do mundo. Para isso, busca-se responder: quais foram os fatores significativos para o aumento do número de fãs e espectadores de La Casa de Papel após a compra da Netflix diante da cultura de convergência e a cultura participativa? Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem metodologicamente indutiva, pois busca compreender os efeitos da série em seus telespectadores, cuja coleta de informações ocorreu com base em uma análise de conteúdo por meio do documentário La Casa de Papel, el Fenómeno exibido pela Netflix.
AS IMAGENS QUE “VALEM MAIS QUE MIL PALAVRAS” NO “SILÊNCIO” DE EMICIDA
Authors: Sousa Antonio Ismael Lopes de
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise das imagens no videoclipe "Silêncio", do cantor Emicida, com ênfase para suas potencialidades mobilizadoras e de reflexividade. Tracejei, com base em Van Sijll (2017), uma narrativa cinematográfica, inclusive destacando as estratégias utilizadas na construção de cada cena com imagens em movimento. Além disso, com o objetivo de sondar o que as imagens dão a pensar, recorri aos ensinamentos de Alloa (2015) e, seguindo Mitchell (2015) e Rancière (2015), conjecturei prováveis desejos de cada uma delas, ao passo que propus interrogações, com o intuito de ampliar as reflexões sobre tal artifício visual que integra a obra.Palavras-chave: Videoclipe. Silêncio. Narrativa. Imagem. Reflexão.
Constraint analysis of Fishermen and Market Intermediaries of Marine Fish Markets in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Hatte Vinay Maruti , Prakash Swadesh , Kumar Nalini Ranjan , Vivekanandan E. , Ramasubramanian V.
Published: July 2022

Maharashtra ranks fifth in total marine fish landing in India, and the significant share contributed by pelagic resources (38 %), followed by demersal (28.7 %), crustaceans (24.8 %), and mollusks (9 %). The marine fish landings of Maharashtra during 2020 were 398511 tons, having an annual growth rate of -10.61%. (Fisheries Dept. report 2021), mainly because of the loss of fishing days and lack of fishing labour due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The constraint analysis through rank-based quotient (RBQ) is done to analyse the various  problems stakeholders face during marketing in the Ratnagiri District of Maharashtra. RBQ  analysis revealed that the high transportation cost, uncertain catch, non-availability of  high-grade fish catch, marketing cost (transportation/labour etc.), poor infrastructure facilities at the market yard, non -availability of insulated boxes are the significant constraints faced by the actors involved in the marketing. The policymakers should consider the challenges faced by the marketers of this region to encourage fish marketing by building organized markets.
Performance of Indian Cotton Sector- An Econometric Analysis
Authors: Elamathy S. , Karunakaran K. R. , Saravanakumar V. , Chandrakumar M.
Published: July 2022

Cotton is a high commercial profile crop serving as a lifebelt crop for millions. It is a predominant crop under cultivation in a large spectrum since the ancient period. Globally it is a significant income earning crop hence aptly termed as White Gold. India is a leading cotton producer, exporter, and consumer in the world. It has surpassed China’s cotton production in 2021 and stands first in world cotton production. But India’s cotton productivity is 466 kg/ha very low than the global average cotton productivity; ranking 42nd in world productivity. Cotton is cultivated in an area of 12.35 million hectares with a production of 5.79 million metric tonnes. The present study aims in estimating the growth rate and the factors influencing cotton acreage and production in India for the last four decades of 1981-82 to 2020-21. The compound growth rate was examined using exponential growth function and instability by Cuddy Della Valle instability index in three different periods i.e Period I 1981-82 to 2001-02 (Pre introduction of Bt), Period II 2002-02 to 2020-21(Post introduction of Bt) and Overall period (1981-82 to 2020-21).The data used in current study is secondary in nature and collected from sources namely Directorate of Economics and statistics, India stat and from FAO. The acreage and supply response was estimated using the Nerlovian double-lagged adjustment model. The findings revealed that a higher growth rate and instability have been witnessed after the introduction of Bt technology in India which symbolizes the magnanimous role of Bt technology in the Indian cotton sector. The responsiveness of cotton area towards the lag cotton area, cotton MSP, rainfall and lagged export price stands significant whereas cotton supply response is highly triggered by lagged cotton production, rainfall and Bt technology.
Determining the Effect of Zinc Fortification on Growth, Yield and Economics of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Under Irrigated Condition
Authors: Singh Ravi Prakash , Verma S. K. , Singh Puneet Kumar , Lakra Kairovin , Singh S. B. , Maurya Sriprakash
Published: July 2022

The present study propose to explore the possibility of agronomic biofortification for enhancing the Zn content of wheat through ferti-fortification of wheat crops with Zn at appropriate dose and time during its growth. The productivity and nutritional value of wheat, as well as human health, are seriously hampered by zinc (Zn) deficiency in soil. A popular technological remedy for the issue is Zn fertilisation to increase its uptake in grains. Accordingly, the present field study was undertaken to assess the impacts of different Zn fertilization on growth, yield and economics returns of wheat at Regional Research Sub Center NARP, Saini, Kaushambi, UP during Rabi season of 2020-21. Five Zn treatments (control, 5 kg zinc/ha, 7 kg zinc/ha, 10 kg zinc/ha and 5 kg zinc/ha+2 two foliar spray @5%of Zn So4 at tillering and before flowering) were taken in randomized complete block design with three replication. Results showed that relative effectiveness of different Zn fertilization was varied for the crop attributes studied. Soil + foliar fertilization was superior in increasing grain yield (9.88% over the control). Moreover, for an optimum balance among all the tested attributes including Plant height, crop dry weight, yield attributes, yield, HI and returns and Zn content in grain were significantly higher under soil fertilization combined with foliar Zn fertilization (T5) over other treatments. The findings of this study can serve as guidelines for high-quality, sustainable wheat production, which will aid in the fight against malnutrition.
Parenting Styles of Adolescents’ Parents in Kandy District, Sri Lanka: An Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Abeykoon Selani , Karunanayake Danesh
Published: July 2022

This research examines parenting styles of adolescents’ parents in Kandy District, Sri Lanka to understand the various individual and cultural factors that shape parenting practices in this context. Based on surveys with 120 participants as well as in-depth interviews with 16 of the initial participants, the study highlights four main themes and subthemes that reveal how parents’ childhood experiences, cultural preferences, and role models shape their parenting practices. The results indicate that authoritative and permissive parents tend to have positive childhood experiences, positive relationships with their own parents in their childhood, and positive role models that have influenced their parenting practices. Authoritarian and uninvolved parents, on the other hand, report mostly negative childhood experiences with their own parents and fewer positive role models. Cultural preferences also vary within the four main parenting styles. For example, authoritative parents report more preference to apply what they perceive as both Eastern and Western cultural elements regarding parenting compared with other parenting styles. Authoritarian parents report using corporal punishment more than other study participants who represent the other parenting styles. The study concludes that more parenting styles-focused research regarding these factors is needed globally and in the Sri Lankan context.
Enhancing Grade Six Students’ Mathematics Achievement through the Use of Cooperative Learning Strategy: An Action Research
Authors: Tshering Neten , Dorji Thinley
Published: July 2022

This study examined the effectiveness of implementing cooperative learning strategies in teaching Mathematics to the grade six students. Quantitative data was gathered through pretest and posttest, and qualitative data was gathered through open-ended interviews. The quantitative data was then analyzed using paired sample t-test and the qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The data analysis showed a significant improvement in students’ post-test scores (M=14.5) compared to the pre-test scores (M=7.1). Similarly, analysis of open-ended interview data revealed that the students possess positive mindset towards the use of cooperative learning strategies in learning mathematics.

The students preferred cooperative teaching learning strategies over the traditional teaching methods. Therefore, the study recommends all Mathematics teachers to use cooperative teaching learning approaches to enhance students’ performance.
An Overview of Clinico-Pathological Correlates of CNS Germinoma
Authors: Chidiadi Nmezi , Dolapo Oladejo , Matt-Ojo Deborah , Daniel Nwoke , Browne-Caesar Reisha , Okikiade Adedeji
Published: July 2022

Germ cell tumors (GCTs) in the central nervous system (CNS), occurring in the first and second decade of life, mainly affect children and young adults typically. Ages from 10-19 years are the peak incidence. In patients younger than 20 years,3-5% of all or most intracranial tumors are caused by GCTs and are three times more common in males than females.

This condition can present with a vast constellation of signs, symptoms, and disorders based on the location, age of the patient, and tumor size. With raised intracranial pressure features, obstructive hydrocephalus is caused by pineal tumors. Suprasellar tumor's most common initial manifestation is diabetes Insipidus, pituitary dysfunction, and hypothalamic. Diagnosis and treatment for different germinomas are known by measuring the level of cerebrospinal fluid and serum of tumor markers. This article is part of students’ projects to foster their research skills and integrated learning.
Evaluating the Role of Maternal Income in Mediating the Effect of Mother's Education on under Five Child Mortality in Kenya
Authors: Mundia Irene , Waititu Hellen , Owuor Nelson , Sewe Stanely
Published: July 2022

Aims/ Objectives: The study identified the role of maternal income in mediating the effect of a mother's education level on UFCM. Study Design: We sourced secondary data from a 2014 Kenya Health Demographic Health Survey (KHDS). We analyzed data to determine mortality among the under-five children. Place and Duration of Study: Department of mathematics and Actuarial science, the Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Nairobi, Kenya. Methodology: We then conducted regression with mediation to assess the effect of a mother's education on UFCM in the presence of a mediator, "mothers income." We also determined the direct, total and indirect effects of the independent variable in the presence of mediation. Results: The results indicate that maternal education is directly important on UFCM. Maternal education level also channeled its effects through maternal income. Change from no education level to primary education level would reduce the number of deaths by 1.9 deaths per 1000 children. Of this decrease, 0.5 fewer deaths were attributed to the maternal income pathway representing 26 percent of the total effect. Conclusion: If an intervention could improve, the maternal income of mothers at no education level to that of mothers at higher education level while keeping the other aspects of social deprivation constant we could eliminate 26% of the education level effect.
Studies on Water Absorption Properties of Fiber- Board Prepared Using Sugarcane Bagasse with Natural Resins
Authors: Patil Hrishikesh , Sudagar I. P. , Sudha P. , Boomiraj K.
Published: July 2022

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of fiber content and incorporation of natural resin on the water absorption behavior and swelling in thickness of sugarcane bagasse (SB)-reinforced epoxy-natural resin fiber-boards. Artificial (epoxy) and natural resins (cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) resins, black dammar and pine resins) were used as a binder. The weight proportions of fiber: epoxy + hardener: natural resin were viz., 1:1:1.50, 1:1:1.75, 1:1:2. The lowest water absorption percent value for the sample immersed for 2 h and 24 h is shown by board prepared by mixing cashew nut shell liquid resin. There was less swelling in the thickness of the fiber board made with the fiber to resin weight ratio of 1:2.75. The cashew nut shell liquid resin was found to be effective in terms of Water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS). Hence, the cashew nut shell liquid resin would be an alternate source for artificial resin source with less environmental hazards.
Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Resistant genes in Salmonella species Isolated from Ready-to-eat Foods and Food Handlers in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Ijeoma F. Ndu, , Easter G. Nwokah, , Amba O. Ollor, , Confidence K. Wachukwu,
Published: July 2022

Aim: To assess the Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) resistant genes in Salmonella spp isolated from ready-to-eat foods and food handlers in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria.

Study Design:  A cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in selected places in Port Harcourt, between November 2019 and June 2021.

Methodology: A total of 350 food specimens and 230 food handlers were collected and the social demographic information were collected using a questionnaire survey. The samples were analysed for contamination with Salmonella species using conventional and molecular methods. Salmonella species were isolated from samples using Salmonella-Shigella agar (SSA), Xylose-lysine desoxycholate agar (XLD), MacConkey agar (MA), Blood agar (BA) after pre-enrichment and enrichment method has been done using peptone water broth and Selenite F. Salmonella Chromogenic medium (SCM) was also used to confirm the isolate. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the Salmonella isolates were determined using Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. The presence of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase genes (CTX-M, SHV, and TEM) in the Salmonella isolates were screened using double disc synergy method and also investigated using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.

Results: Results showed that of the 11 Salmonella species isolated from the food handlers, 7(63.6%) harboured extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes while 18 (64.3%) out of 28 Salmonella isolated from street vended food sample were positive for ESBL genes. However, there was no significant difference in the proportion of ESBL producers observed in the street vended food and those in food handlers’ sample (P= 0.964) PCR result revealed the presence of genes encoding for TEM, SHV and CTX-M.

Conclusion: Street vended foods such as white rice/stew, jollof rice, rice/beans stew, porridge beans, beans/stew, moi moi, abacha, and roasted plantain in Port Harcourt harbour Salmonella species that possess the following Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) genes as CTX-M, SHV and TEM. This should receive particular attention, as the presence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase genes isolated, indicate public health hazard and gives a warning signal for the possible occurrence of food borne diseases and multi-drug resistance.
Isolation of Listeria monocytogenes from Raw Meat Sold in Nasarawa State
Authors: Abioye J. O. K. , Lanzema Olokun Alexander , Danladi Gwaze Rejoice
Published: July 2022

Listeriosis is an emerging infection with major public health concerns worldwide because of occurrence of associated food-borne outbreak and significant risk of mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to isolate Listeria monocytogenes in raw meat samples in selected markets in Nasarawa State, determine the level of contamination, as well as the antibiogram of the isolates. A total of 60 samples of raw meat were collected from different animals, including 4 samples of cow meat, 4 samples of goat meat and 4 samples of chicken meat, from each market. In all, 60 raw meat samples were collected and analyzed microbiologically using the method of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, 2009). Out of the 60 samples analyzed Listeria monocytogenes was detected in 32 samples, giving an overall prevalence of 53.5%. Sixteen out of 20 (80%) of cow meat samples, 10 out of 20 (50%) of goat meat samples, and 6 out of 20 (30%) of chicken meat samples were infected with Listeria monocytogenes. All the isolates were further subjected to biochemical analysis for the confirmation of the isolates. The results revealed the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in over 50% of the raw meat samples analyzed. The 53.5% prevalence was considered high and indicated the hazard linked to the consumption of the raw meats sold in Nasarawa State if not properly cooked. The susceptibility tests were also conducted using disc diffusion method. The results revealed that most of the isolates were resistant to most of the commonly used antibiotics such as Septrin, Ampiclox, Erythromycin, Zithromycin, Amoxillin, and Pefloxacin. However, some of the isolates were relatively sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, Sreptomycin, Gentamycin, and Rifampicin. The results signal a chemotherapeutic problem in case of any outbreak of the infection.
Influence of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Sreerenjiny S. , Debbarma Victor
Published: July 2022

The experiment was conducted during the Rabi season, 2021-22 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agriculture Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, to study “Influence of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.).” The treatments consist of different levels of Nitrogen through urea (100%, 75%, 50%, 25%), Nitrogen through Vermicompost (100%, 75%, 50%, 25%), Nitrogen through FYM (100%, 75%,50%, 25%). The result reported that treatment 9 [75% Nitrogen through vermicompost + 25% Nitrogen through urea] significantly influenced higher plant height (199.96 cm), maximum number of branches (12.27), number of siliquae/plant (272.42), number of seeds/siliqua (14.24) dry weight (28.40 g). It is alsoobservedthat thehigherseed yield (2.19t/ha) and higher stover yield (3.34t/ha) was obtained with the application of 75% Nitrogen through vermicompost + 25% Nitrogen through urea. Higher Gross return (119619.5), Net return (86,674), Benefit cost ratio (2.63) was obtained under the use of 75% Nitrogen through vermicompost + 25% Nitrogen through urea.
The Effect of Carbetocin versus Misoprostol versus Ergometrine for Controlling Bleeding after Cesarean Section in Primigravidae
Authors: Abdeldayem Ahmed Hamdy , Elnamoury Mohamed Mohsen , Othman Ahmed Mohamed , Sabaa Tarek Mohamed El
Published: July 2022

Background: Women undergoing cesarean section have a high risk of blood loss and so are more likely to need a blood transfusion. The aim of this work was to compare the effectiveness of using carbetocin versus misoprostol versus ergometrine for controlling bleeding after cesarean section in primigravidae.

Methods: This prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted on 150 patients aged from18-35 years old, primigravidae with singleton pregnancy undergoing elective cesarean section. Participants were divided into three equal groups: carbetocin group (group C) received a single 1-ml ampoule of carbetocin (100 μg/mL) added to 10 cm saline intravenously following the delivery of the neonate, misoprostol group (group M) received misoprostol 400ug per rectum immediately after induction of anesthesia in operating theater and ergometrine group (group E) received 0.2 mg of ergometrine intramuscularly in the first minute after delivery of the baby.

Results: The amount of blood in suction jar, amount of blood loss, Hb change and HTC change were significantly higher in the misoprostol group and ergometrine group than in the carbetocin group (p <0.05) and in the ergometrine group than the misoprostol group (p <0.001). Post-operative Hb in the ergometrine group was significantly lower in the carbetocin group (p =0.001).

Conclusions: Carbetocin can be considered a superior choice to misoprostol and ergometrine in reducing blood loss during CS in primigravidae.
Evaluating the Grip Strength and Pen Pressure in Handwriting Performance among Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder in India
Authors: Sankar U. Ganapathy , Monisha R.
Published: July 2022

Handwriting difficulties were predominant among children with developmental coordination disorder. Poor muscle strength and pressure exerted by pen were factors assessed by the clinicians and they play a role in determining the handwriting efficiency. There is no empirical evidence on the handwriting efficiency and the factors associated with it for Indian children with developmental coordination disorder. The study aims in evaluating the grip strength and pen pressure in handwriting performance among children with developmental coordination disorder. Ten children of age group 5-10 years with developmental coordination disorder were compared with typically developing children. Hand dynamometers were used in evaluating the palmar and tripod grip strength. Handwriting task was compared between the typically developing children and Developmental coordination disorder children and the results of the study assured that there was no significant difference documented in the hand dynamometer measures of grip strength. DCD children exhibit less pressure on writing surface as compared to typically developing peer group children. There was no correlation between grip strength and pen pressure over handwriting efficiency in children with developmental coordination disorder. Clinicians should create awareness on the importance of enhancing handwriting skill among children with developmental coordination disorder.
Ceftriaxone Injectables: An In vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity and Comparative Efficacy
Authors: Ijaz-Ul-Haq Muhammad , Zaheer Sumayya , Altaf Reem , Ilyas Umair
Published: July 2022

Aims: The objective of the current study was to compare the In Vitro efficacy of regionally produced brands of ceftriaxone with that of the global innovator brand. Therefore, a fact-based conclusion at the end of the study will serve to dispel any uncertainty regarding the efficacy of medications produced locally, whether they are inferior or equal in their comparative activity.

Study Design:  This study was In Vitro Lab based study.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was performed in Riphah International University, Department of Pharmacy from July 2021 to August 2021.

Methodology: Five regional brands and one international parent brand (Rocephin) were chosen. The multinational product was regarded as the standard. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aurogenosa were the four bacterial strains against which activities were tested. Antibiotics' zone of inhibition was measured using the agar well method, and their minimum inhibitory concentration was identified using the broth dilution method.

Results: All tested brands showed effectiveness against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aurogenosa.Some of the brands at some point showed more In Vitro efficacy than the standard brand.

Conclusion: Health care professionals can be confident in prescribing locally manufactured brands that have equivalent efficacy to their international counterparts based on the findings of the study. Healthcare professionals can suggest the generic brand in population where medicine cost is directly affecting the patients adherence to therapeutic regimen.
Investigation of Bacterial Load and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility in an Artisanal Refining Environment
Authors: Ollor O. A. , Agi V. N. , Azike C. A. , Orji G. T.
Published: July 2022

Background: Bacteria present in the atmosphere often show predicable patterns across space and time. and these patterns and properties of the bacteria can be affected by presence of soot which is generated by artisanal refining and excessive burning of fossil fuel. These bacteria are being inhaled by humans on daily basis and this can have detrimental effects on human health and the environment.

Aim: This work was carried out to investigate the microbial load and antimicrobial susceptibility of an environment associated with artisanal refining activities.

Methodology: The eight samples were taken randomly from four different locations in a high artisanal refining state Rivers State (Ojoto Roundabout, Nembe Waterside, Rumuokalagbor Village, Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH), Rivers State University Microbiology laboratory and Mile 1 Park) all in Port Harcourt, Rivers State and compared to two locations from another state Kano state (No. 33 Lamido Crescent and God is Good Motors Park, Kano State) without artisanal refining activities all in Nigeria and tested for viable bacteria load. The six test and two control samples were collected on prepared dry nutrient agar exposed to free air for a period of five (5) minutes and were covered properly and transferred to the laboratory and incubated at 37OC for 24 hours. The isolates were morphologically and biochemically determined and identified.

Results: The Total Heterotrophic count indicates that samples from Rumuokalagbor village have a high number of bacteria growth colonies with a colony forming unit of 1.43 x 106 while sample from Rivers State University Teaching Hospital had lesser colony forming unit of 7.5 x 105,. However, the Total Heterotrophic Bacteria Count from our control is seen to be very low with 3.2 x 105 and 2.8 x 105 respectively. Microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus species and Staphylococcus species. were identified from the various locations. Few isolates were gotten from the entire laboratory with a total of 22 isolates, 18 Bacillus species (77), 3 Staphylococcus species (18%) and 1 Staphylococcus aureus (5%). The antimicrobial sensitivity results revealed Ciprofloxacin (77%) having higher sensitivity followed by Levofloxacin (66.6%). Norfloxacin (0%), Rifampicin (0%) and Ampiclox (0%) were seen to be highly resistant to the bacteria isolated.

Conclusion: This work was able to identify Bacillus species,Staphylococcus species and Staphylococcus aerues. as bacteria associated with artisanal refining at the different sampled sites. Strict implementation on stopping artisanal refining in our communities is recommended to reduce the public health risk posed by soot inhalation.
Processo de Registro do Desenho Industrial na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – Estudo de Caso
Authors: Rimoli Cristiano , Farias Claudio Vinicius Silva , Bruch Kelly Lissandra
Published: July 2022

O desenho industrial é um tema que tem despertado a atenção em diversas áreas do conhecimento em razão da sua influência no setor produtivo, industrial e acadêmico. O presente artigo propõe analisar o processo de registro de desenho industrial e algumas limitações desde que o pedido é solicitado. Embora o registro seja um processo simples de ser conduzido, quando comparado com outros institutos de proteção, se percebe quanto é preciso ter atenção em todas as suas etapas. Metodologicamente, o presente artigo se caracteriza por ser um estudo de caso, a ser desenvolvido na UFRGS, contando com entrevistas, coleta de dados estatísticos e relatórios internos da Universidade. Com a triangulação dos resultados obtidos, foi possível concluir que, quando existe um comprometimento entre os pesquisadores e os servidores dos NITs para enfrentar as dificuldades apresentadas durante o processo de registro de desenho industrial, o resultado será a sua concessão, além da economia de tempo, de energia e de recursos públicos, que, como se sabe, são escassos nas universidades públicas de todo país.
Cell surface expression of human RP105 depends on N‐glycosylation of MD‐1
Authors: Biswas Mrityunjoy , Yamazaki Tatsuya , Tomono Susumu , Karnan Sivasundaram , Takagi Hidekazu , Ichimonji Isao , Inui Masanori , Nagaoka Fumiaki , Hosokawa Yoshitaka , Akashi‐Takamura Sachiko
Published: July 2022

For its cell surface expression, radioprotective 105 (RP105) – an orphan Toll‐like receptor – must form a complex with a soluble glycoprotein called myeloid differentiation 1 (MD‐1). The number of RP105‐negative cells is significantly increased in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); however, to elucidate the mechanism underlying this increase, how RP105 is expressed on the cell surface depending on MD‐1 should be investigated. We demonstrated that RP105 exhibits two forms depending on MD‐1 and its two N‐glycosylation sites, N96 and N156. Cell surface expression of RP105 decreased in the presence of mutant MD‐1 (N96Q/N156Q). Nonglycosylated MD‐1 decreased the de novo cell surface expression of RP105 but not pre‐expressed RP105. Thus, the N‐glycans of MD‐1 may represent targets for SLE therapy.
Droplet Microarray as a Powerful Platform for Seeking New Antibiotics Against Multidrug‐Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Lei Wenxi , Deckers Anke , Luchena Charlotte , Popova Anna , Reischl Markus , Jung Nicole , Bräse Stefan , Schwartz Thomas , Krimmelbein Ilga K. , Tietze Lutz F. , Levkin Pavel A.
Published: July 2022

Multidrug‐resistant (MDR) bacteria is a severe threat to public health. Therefore, it is urgent to establish effective screening systems for identifying novel antibacterial compounds. In this study, a highly miniaturized droplet microarray (DMA) based high‐throughput screening system is established to screen over 2000 compounds for their antimicrobial properties against carbapenem‐resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The DMA consists of an array of hydrophilic spots divided by superhydrophobic borders. Due to the differences in the surface wettability between the spots and the borders, arrays of hundreds of nanoliter‐sized droplets containing bacteria and different drugs can be generated for screening applications. A simple colorimetric viability readout utilizing a conventional photo scanner is developed for fast single‐step detection of the inhibitory effect of the compounds on bacterial growth on the whole array. Six hit compounds, including coumarins and structurally simplified estrogen analogs are identified in the primary screening and validated with minimum inhibition concentration assay for their antibacterial effect. This study demonstrates that the DMA‐based high‐throughput screening system enables the identification of potential antibiotics from novel synthetic compound libraries, offering opportunities for development of new treatments against multidrug‐resistant bacteria.
Robust and Superhydrophobic PTFE Membranes with Crosshatched Nanofibers for Membrane Distillation and Carbon Dioxide Stripping
Authors: Kim Seungju , Heath Daniel E. , Kentish Sandra E.
Published: July 2022

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) nanofiber membranes with novel crosshatched structures are developed and applied to both water desalination by direct contact membrane distillation (MD) and CO2 separation by membrane gas absorption. Crosshatched structures are produced from a PTFE‐poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO) emulsion by depositing alternating layers of aligned fibers oriented in perpendicular directions. This is followed by sintering to remove the PEO and to stabilize the structure. The crosshatched structure allows for rapid gas and vapor transport due to the low tortuosity and high porosity, leading to fast and effective separation. PTFE nanofiber membranes with these novel structures are ideal for membrane CO2 stripping as this polymer is inherently strong and very hydrophobic. The mass transfer in both MD and CO2 stripping is greatly improved in the crosshatched nanofibers (CNF) as well as in composite membranes with microparticles (CNF‐MP), as compared with conventional random nanofibers. The membranes exhibit a MD flux up to 98.5 ± 1.2 kg m−2h−1, significantly greater than a standard PTFE membrane with asymmetric morphology, when tested with a 3.5 wt% sodium chloride feed solution at 80 °C in direct contact with water at 20 °C.
Room‐Temperature Multi‐Beam, Multi‐Wavelength Bound States in the Continuum Laser
Authors: Ha Son Tung , Paniagua‐Domínguez Ramón , Kuznetsov Arseniy I.
Published: July 2022

A highly polarized multi‐beam, multi‐wavelength III–V semiconductor laser based on the concept of bound states in the continuum (BIC) is reported. By utilizing destructive interferences of guided‐mode resonances in an active slab supported by a grating structure, both symmetry‐protected and accidental BIC resonances are created within the gain spectrum of InGaP multi‐quantum wells and achieve lasing in these modes simultaneously. Well‐defined multi‐lasing beams at different wavelengths (i.e., 664.9 nm @ 0.2°, 656.4 nm @ 2.5°, 646.4 nm @ 5.1°, and 636.7 nm @ 7.6°) with transverse magnetic polarization can be obtained in a single device operating at room temperature. Furthermore, the lasing wavelengths can be precisely tuned by changing the grating parameters. The laser concept presented in this paper is promising for applications in highly directional surface‐emitting lasers, optical communications, bio‐sensing, and signal processing.
Low‐Voltage Electrically Responsive Photonic Crystal Based on Weak‐Polar Colloidal System
Authors: Bao Guangyang , Yu Wenyuan , Fu Qianqian , Ge Jianping
Published: July 2022

Electrically responsive photonic crystal (ERPC) based on particle electrophoresis is a promising material to construct reflective color displays with low‐power‐consumption and antiglare advantages. However, the high driving voltages for the polar ERPC inevitably cause electrochemical reactions on the electrode, which decreases the stability and reversibility of electrical response. Here, a weak‐polar EPRC composed of hydrophobic SiO2 particles, 1,2‐dichlorobenzene (DCB), and dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt (AOT) is fabricated based on the charge separation by AOT reverse micelles and formation of highly charged particles in DCB. Compared to the polar ERPCs, the SiO2/DCB‐AOT ERPC works at much lower voltages (0.5–1.7 V) and still possesses a wide color tuning range because the weak‐polar solvent applies less screening to the coulombic interactions. The low potential further renders the ERPC good capability against color fading in a strong field and long‐term reversibility during color switching, which addresses the critical concerns for its application in reflective displays.