bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Besoins non satisfaits en matière de planification familiale : déterminants individuels et contextuels au Burkina Faso
Authors: Zoetyande Wend-Yam Saturnin , Yameogo Achille R. , Kenkou Komlan Nabissan
Published: June 2020

Introduction : Au Burkina Faso, malgré les actions d’amélioration de la santé des femmes, le pourcentage de celles dont les besoins en matière de planification familiale ne sont pas satisfaits (24 % en 2010 selon l’Enquête démographique et de santé à 35,6 % en 2015 selon le projet Performance Monitoring and Accountability). Le but de l’étude était d’identifier les caractéristiques individuelles et contextuelles associées aux besoins non satisfaits en matière de planification familiale. Méthodes : L’étude a utilisé les données de l’Enquête démographique et de santé et à indicateurs multiples du Burkina Faso en 2010 (EDSBF-MICS IV). Deux techniques d’analyse ont été utilisées : analyse des correspondances multiples puis classification hiérarchique ascendante (CAH). La régression logistique multiniveau a été utilisée pour estimer les effets nets des facteurs individuels et environnementaux associés aux besoins non satisfaits. Résultat : L’analyse des effets aléatoires montre que la propension à avoir des besoins non satisfaits en matière de planification familiale varie considérablement d’un ménage à l’autre et d’une zone de dénombrement à l’autre. Les effets nets montrent également que les femmes entre 35 et 49 ans courent 6,94 fois plus de risques d’avoir des besoins non satisfaits pour la limitation des naissances que celles de 20 à 34 ans. Concernant les besoins non satisfaits pour l’espacement des naissances, ce risque est estimé à un niveau 69 % moins élevé chez les femmes entre 35 et 49 ans que chez celles âgées de 15 à 19 ans. Conclusion : Il est nécessaire de renforcer les campagnes de sensibilisation de proximité en direction des femmes et de leurs conjoints sur les bienfaits et l’importance de la planification familiale, en tenant compte de leurs caractéristiques sociodémographiques (âge, parité, ethnie, milieu de vie).
Age and Growth of Niagara River Lake Sturgeon
Authors: Withers Jonah L. , Gorsky Dimitry , Biesinger Zy , Einhouse Donald , Clancy Michael , Davis Lori , Karboski Curtis , Legard Chris , Bruestle Eric , Markley Nicholas , Roth Robert , Zimar Rich , Sweka John A.
Published: June 2020

Knowledge of the distribution of ages of fish within a stock, and subsequently individual growth rates, allows managers the ability to calculate key metrics (i.e., recruitment, mortality, and stock growth rate) that greatly improve stock assessment models. Two remnant stocks of Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens exist near and within the Niagara River, one primarily occupying the headwaters and the other primarily occupying the mouth. Though initial efforts in the late 1990s collected data on the lower Niagara River stock, a long-term comprehensive examination of age and growth is lacking and the age structure of the stock found at the headwaters has yet to be formally described to our knowledge. To ascertain the current age structure of these two stocks we sampled Lake Sturgeon in the lower Niagara River and at the headwaters of the Niagara River between 2012 and 2017 and took a portion of the leading pectoral fin spine of captured Lake Sturgeon for age estimation. Ages ranged between 4 and 42 y, with females generally being older and larger than males. The median age appeared to increase from 14 to 18 y throughout our study in both stocks. Lengths at age of both stocks were larger than those reported in other systems and growth rates appear to have increased over the past decade in the lower Niagara River. Despite efforts to improve age estimation accuracy, age estimates from fish whose ages were partly known (derived from multiple age estimates from fish that were captured multiple times) demonstrated that assigned ages may have greater error than expected. Additionally, a lack of young individuals confounded growth analyses. Although there was uncertainty in the assigned ages, this study still provides evidence of consistent recruitment in both stocks and, to our knowledge, the first characterization of the age structure of the Lake Sturgeon stock occupying the headwaters of the Niagara River.
Sensitivity Analysis of Multiphase Flow in a well Using PROSPER
Authors: Giwa Abdulwahab , Gidado Abdulkabir Olawale , Owolabi John Olusoji
Published: June 2020

Pressure drop in a vertical or deviated borehole has been found to be due to hydrostatic changes and friction as a result of the produced fluids flowing to the surface. When oil flows upwards, the flowing pressure along the tubing string drops, and this makes gas to start liberating. Thus, multiphase flow forms in the tubing string. Hence, adequate modelling of vertical lift performance is required to predict the pressure drop and subsequently the wellbore pressure because many factors are involved [1]. In this work, sensitivity analysis of multiphase flow in a well has been carried out with the aid of PROSPER in which the most accurate correlation was chosen from twelve selected built-in correlations present in the program to predict the pressure drop via gradient matching. A sensitivity analysis of the well was further performed to investigate the parameters such as tubing diameter, gas-oil ratio and wellhead pressure that were affecting the vertical lift performance of a high water cut well. The results obtained from the correlation matching showed that Dun and Ros [2] original correlation was the best fit correlation for the well. The results of the sensitivity analysis revealed that reduction of wellhead pressure from 600 psi to 400 psi could increase liquid rate by 41%. An adjustment of wellhead pressure was found to give the most significant impact on the production rate of the well as compared to other two parameters studied.
Evaluation of Adhesion of Polymer Composite Coatings
Authors: Grigale-Soročina Zane , Vindedze Elina , Birks Ingmārs
Published: June 2020

Thin film coatings on fingernails and toenails are used for aesthetic reasons or to strengthen fragile nails. Coating disintegration is one of the most important characteristics of short-term coatings. The aim of this research was to investigate adhesion test methods for UV-cured urethane acrylate coatings. Coatings was compared evaluating gel fraction and degree of conversion of C=C bonds. Adhesion was measured using pull-off adhesion test and coating removability was evaluated after coating soak-off in solvent media with cross-cut tester. Systems with four different monomers in two concentrations was evaluated. All systems show a strong correlation of adhesion with the time of disintegration.
Catalytic Intermediate Pyrolysis of Cellulose for Hydrocarbons Production in the Presence of Zeolites by Using TGA-FTIR Method
Authors: Lazdovica Kristine , Kampars Valdis
Published: June 2020

Pyrolysis plays a vital role in biomass conversion as one of the most promising thermal conversion routes. Solid, liquid and gaseous products are obtained from biomass pyrolysis. The liquid is considered as perspective fuel; however, the direct use of bio-oil as fuel may present many difficulties due to its high viscosity, poor heating value and relative instability. This creates a significant economic barrier for production of transportation fuel by pyrolysis process. Catalytic pyrolysis has been widely used as a convenient method for the direct conversion of biomass into higher quality liquid bio-fuels. Intermediate pyrolysis of cellulose (as a model substance for biomass) with or without catalysts was investigated using TGA-FTIR method in order to determine the influence of zeolite on the relative yield of the compounds. The addition of zeolite with medium and weak acidity increased the production of volatile matter from 86.1% to 88.5% and 88.9% under the catalyst of MCM-41 and ZSM-5 (70). Zeolite with high acidity contributes to the formation of coke and simultaneously causing the deactivation of the catalyst, thus decreasing the volatile matter of cellulose from 86.1% to 83.6% and 83.2% by using H-ZSM-5 (23) and H-ZSM-5 (50). All catalysts showed deoxygenation activity. Zeolites had higher activity in the deoxygenation of compounds containing hydroxyl group than compounds containing carbonyl and carboxyl groups. H-ZSM-5 (23) had a substantial effect on the production of monoaromatic hydrocarbons whereas the yield of olefins notably increased in the presence of ZSM-5 (70).
Microwave Based Pretreatment for Efficient Extraction of Biologically Active Compounds from Fucus vesiculosus
Authors: Janceva Sarmīte , Arshanica Aleksandr , Lauberte Līga , Andersone Anna , Jashina Lilija , Akishins Yegor , Telysheva Galina
Published: June 2020

Fucus
V
e
s
i
culosus
(F.
Vesiculosus
) by its composition is a unique raw for obtaining of variety substances with a wide range of consumer properties. The composition of the polyphenolic fraction of F.Vesiculosus is characterized by a predominant content of phloroglucinol polymers - phlorotannins, which are the target compound of this study. Microwave assisted pre-treatments of algae were carried out in order to intensify the extraction of target compound. The pre-treatment efficiency was evaluated by determining the yield of extractives, polyphenols and phlorotannins. The chemical composition of the polyphenols fraction of algae was studied. The obtained results show that microwave treatment of F.Vesiculosus allows to increase 1.6 times the yield of target compound with lower energy consumption compared to the reference sample. The obtaining extracts obtained have a high antibacterial effect on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and also stimulate the growth of pea seedlings and can be recommended for use in agriculture as a growth stimulator in preparing seeds for sowing and also as an antibacterial agent, protecting as seeds and seedlings from pathogenic bacteria.
Effect of Isothiocyanates on the Activity of Lactobacillus plantarum Exposed to Irradiation
Authors: Kalneniece Kristīne , Kusiņš Toms , Balode Inga , Mazkalniņa Līva , Švirksts Kārlis , Grūbe Māra , Kizane Gunta , Bankovskis Vasīlijs , Grīnbergs Andrejs , Muter Olga
Published: June 2020

Two isothiocyanates, i.e., sulforaphane (SFA) and sulforaphene (SFE), are suggested to be used as an alternative chemopreventive diet. This study was focused on the effect of SFA and SFE on Lactobacillus plantarum, which has been subjected to the irradiation (2-50 Gy). The cultures grown in De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) and Tryptone Soya Broth (TSB) were compared in terms of bacteria physiological activity under tested conditions. Broth composition notably influenced the bacteria growth kinetic parameters, as well as culture response to the oxidative stress. Activity of L. plantarum cells after irradiation was evaluated by their dehydrogenase (DHA) and quinone-reductase (QR) activities. The enzyme activity was quantified in living cells. Bacterial cultures obtained in MRS and TSB broth, demonstrated contrasting characteristics in their enzyme activities. The MRS-grown culture did not show any QR activity, whereas the TSB-grown cells showed a non-linear response towards gamma-irradiation with a maximum inhibition being at 10 Gy. Addition of SFA or SFE in concentration of 1 µg/mL to the cultures before irradiation exposure recovered the QR activity from 23% in a non-amended variant up to 102% and 121%, respectively, taking the non-irradiated non-amended variant as 100%.
Production of Foamed Concrete in a Planetary Ball Mill
Authors: Namsone Eva , Sahmenko Genadijs , Namsone Elvija , Korjakins Aleksandrs
Published: June 2020

Nowadays, the type of foamed concrete performs a group of cemented composite materials that can compete with conventionally used autoclaved aerated concrete. Improving microstructure of the foamed concrete by inventive mixing technology allows to homogenizate the mix of foamed concrete. This original research is applied to inspection on mixing technology of foamed concrete by using a planetary ball mill. The objective of this paper is to clarify the correlation between physical-mechanical properties and intensive mixing time.
Oxidation Kinetics of 1,2-Propanediol in the Presence of Pd and Pt Catalysts
Authors: Chornaja Svetlana , Zhizhkuna Svetlana , Vladiko Jevgenija , Drunka Reinis , Krūmiņa Aija
Published: June 2020

1.25 – 5wt%Pt/Al2O3, 1.25 – 5wt%Pd/Al2O3, 1wt%Pd/TiO2, 1 – 5wt%Pd/TiO2-NF, 1.25wt%Pt+1.25wt%Pd/Al2O3, 5wt%Pt/SiO2, 5wt%Pt/C catalysts were synthesised and tested in the selective oxidation of 1,2-propanediol by molecular oxygen. It was found that all catalysts were active in alkaline water solutions; lactic acid was obtained as the main product of the reaction. The conversion of 1,2-propandiol and the yield of lactic acid depended on the content of active metal in the catalysts. The most active for the oxidation of 1,2-propandiol were palladium-containing catalysts supported on TiO2 nanofibers (Pd/TiO2-NF). The highest 1,2-propanediol conversion (100 %) and lactic acid yield (96 %) were obtained using the 5wt%Pd/TiO2-NF catalyst at the following oxidation parameters: c0(1,2-propanediol) = 0.3 mol/L, P(O2) = 1 atm, n (1,2-propanediol)/n (Pd) = 500 mol/mol, t = 60 °C, c0(NaOH) = 1.5 mol/L.
Prediction of Solid Solution Formation among Chemically Similar Molecules Using Calculation of Lattice and Intermolecular Interaction Energy
Authors: Saršūns Kristaps , Bērziņš Agris
Published: June 2020

Several 2-substituted 4-nitrobenzoic acid (NBA) derivatives such as 2-chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid (2C4NBA), 2-methyl-4-nitrobenzoic acid (2CH34NBA) and 2-hydroxy-4-nitrobenzoic acid (2OH4NBA) were selected as model compounds because of their availability and chemically similar structures, in which the different group/atom (R) does not significantly affect the dominant intermolecular interactions – hydrogen bonds formed by the carboxylic group [1]. Quantum chemical calculations of lattice and intermolecular interaction energy were carried out to identify possible factors, which could be, used in prediction of the formation of solid solutions (SS) in binary systems of chemically similar molecules, in this case - various nitrobenzoic acid derivatives. Meanwhile, crystallization experiments were used to determine the experimental information about formation of solid solutions. The obtained crystalline phases were characterized by combined use of powder X-ray diffraction (XRPD) and differential scanning calorimetry/thermogravimetry (DSC/TG) [2].
Deposition of SiO2/SiC Coating on Carbon Fiber to Enhance the Oxidation Resistance
Authors: Bu Ai Ming , Zhang Yong Fu , Xiang Yan , Yang Yun Jie , Chen Wei Wei , Cheng Huan Wu , Wang Lu
Published: June 2020

The objective of the present investigation is to study the oxidation resistance of SiO2/SiC coating on carbon fiber by electrolytic plasma spraying. The SiO2/SiC coating can be easily prepared within several tens seconds through this approach. The effect of spraying parameters (fixed point 5s and spray 5 times at the speed of 20mm/s) on the microstructure and oxidation resistance properties of coatings was discussed in this paper. Scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric (TG) and DTG have been used to characterize the SiO2/SiC coatings. It was demonstrated that fixed-point spray 5s has better density and oxidation resistance coating, and the oxidation resistance increased by 12% compared with spray 5 times at the speed of 20mm/s. The fixed-point spray 5s coating was mainly composed of SiO2 and SiC. The SiO2 relative content was 72.6% and the SiC relative content was 27.4%.
Studies of Iron-Doped Carbon Material from Carbonization of Soy Protein/Polyaniline Composite and its Electrical Capacitance
Authors: Zhang Qing Wu , Fang Tian , Lu Hao , Wang Wei , Zhang Qing Qing , Wan Jing
Published: June 2020

Protein gel of soy was formed immediately during polymerization of aniline initiated by certain amount of FeCl3. In order to obtain iron-doped carbon material, this composite was then carbonized at 700°C under nitrogen atmosphere for 5h. SEM, FT-IR, XRD, and isothermal desorption/adsorption technologies were employed to characterize morphology and structure of the material. Electrical capacitance of iron-doped carbon materials and performance of a prototype supercapacitor based on the material as its electrodes were measured by cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry, and A.C. impedance respectively. Results show that morphology of as-obtained material is porous and hierachical, specific surface area of the material is 232.1m2/g, and specific capacitance of the material can reach 475.2F/g in 6 M KOH aqueous solution. Energy density and power density of the cell is 2.1Wh/kg and 2.0kW/kg, respectively. Capacity retention of the device is 100% after 5000 cycles at a current density of 2A/g. The above studies imply that this original iron-doped carbon material will have a good potential application in field of energy storage.
Investigation on the Synergistic Effect of Surfactants for Silylation of Montmorillonite
Authors: Ran Yin Hong , Sun Shi Yong , Shen Ke Xuan , Tan Dao Yong , Liu Yu Hang , Li Liu , Ren Yu Quan
Published: June 2020

Silylation, also known as silane grafting, is frequently used to organically modify montmorillonite (organo-Mt), which of properties were depended on the type of siloxane and intercalated interlayer structure of Mt, for construction of functional materials utilizing in a variety application of industry. We have synthesized organo-Mt using different siloxanes after Mt was firstly modified at three different surfactants of cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), anionic sodium oleate (So) and nonionic sorbitan monostearate (Span60) to identifying the effect of surfactants for silylation of Mt. The spectral and structural characters of the obtained products were characterized by a combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetry (TG), and contact angle analysis. The basal spacing of the organo-Mt increased with surfactants loading. We found that CTAB can significantly increase the spacing between layers of Mt from 1.55nm to 1.90nm, load more siloxane on Mt. The average contact angles of CTAB-Mt-APTES and CTAB-Mt-PTES were 69.9±0.3° and 80.7±0.3°, which could be more prone to the interlayer locking effect. Our study showed that the charge of surfactants has significant influence for silylation of Mt, resulting in the loading amount of silane, interlayer structure, and the surface wetting properties.
Effects of Neutron, Ion and Proton Irradiation on Nano-Indentation Hardness of RPV Steels
Authors: Li Cheng Liang , Shu Guo Gang , Yan Jing Li , Liu Wei , Duan Yuan Gang
Published: June 2020

The irradiation embrittlement damage of reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steel is one of its primary failure mechanisms. In this work, neutron, ion and proton irradiation experiments were carried on the same commercial RPV steels with the same irradiation fluence under the same temperature of 292°C. Then the nano-indentation hardness tests were performed on the RPV steel before and after irradiation. The results show that the irradiation hardening effects are observed by means of nano-indentation technique under the above three irradiations, and the hardening features are basically the same. While the max variation and increase rate are obviously different between those irradiations. It is found that the main reason of the above differences are caused by different energies of irradiation energetic particles, resulting in different types and quantities of defects. The conclusions in this paper are helpful to select and compare different irradiation experiments to the research of RPV steels irradiation embrittlement damage.
Study on High Speed Laser Welding Technology and Numerical Simulation of Driving Line Guide Structure of PWR
Authors: Guo Bao Chao , Gong Hong Wei , Jiang En , Yue Xue Lai
Published: June 2020

The manufacturing accuracy of the guide structure of the PWR control rod drive line (abbreviated as the drive line) is very important to ensure the accurate performance of the function of the drive line. In this paper, the technology of high speed laser welding is studied, and the parameters of low stress and high speed laser welding are obtained. The heat source of laser welding, the shrinkage of laser welding weld and the welding deformation of laser welding are modeled and analyzed. The deformation simulation technology of laser welding of driving line guide structure is established to provide theoretical guidance for the manufacture of laser welding of this part. The specific contents include: laser welding test and thermal cycle test, macroscopic weld forming, residual stress test, heat source model establishment and parameter determination, laser welding weld shrinkage model establishment and welding deformation prediction. Finally, the driving line guide structure welded by high speed laser uses Φ 10.26mm bar drop gauge at the speed of 4 × 5 m / min to pass freely at 0 °, 90 °, 180 °and 270 °, and the friction force is less than 88N. The drop bar gauge of Φ10.26 mm is used to pass freely through the driving line guide structure welded by high speed laser at the speed of 4 ~5 m/min at 0 °, 90°, 180° and 270°, and the friction force is less than 88N.
Solution-Processed Silver Electrode for Inverted Organic Solar Cell Based on Easily Deposited Hole Transporting Layer onto Hydrophobic Active Layer
Authors: Ismail Yasser A.M. , Shaaban Essam Ramadan , Showahy Ahmed Ali , Mahmoud Sayed , Ismail Abdelrahman A.M.
Published: June 2020

For reducing the production costs, decreasing the fabrication time and for practical applications used in roll-to-roll process for inverted organic solar cells (IOSCs), silver (Ag) back-electrode have been deposited from silver paste solution at room temperature using simple, cheap and easy manual spray method, with completely avoiding the use of thermal evaporation system for solar cell preparation. In addition, a layer of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as a hole transporting layer have been deposited from an aqueous solution onto hydrophobic active layer without any chemical additives or additional treatments. For optimizing the Ag film, to be used as a back electrode in the IOSCs, series resistance of the indium tin oxide (ITO)/PEDOT:PSS/Ag device was measured at different compositions of silver paste dispersed in ethanol, different annealing temperatures and different silver paste amounts sprayed onto PEDOT:PSS layer. The dilution process of silver paste with ethanol is practical to reduce its commercial cost and to decrease its viscosity to be easily sprayed using spray gun for application in large scale production with avoiding solidification and fast curing at room temperature. Using the present method, the Ag electrode has been efficiently sprayed on the top of organic solar cells with low electrical resistance, large thickness and good hardness against crashes. We found that, the high thickness of both PEDOT:PSS layer and Ag electrode deposited on the top of solar cell active layer prevent and suppress oxygen penetration towards P3HT:PCBM active layer. Therefore, the optimized solar cell revealed good air stability, compared to their counterparts in other literatures, under ambient atmosphere with approximately 86% retention of their original conversion efficiency after 154 days. Our results indicate that the solution-processed Ag back-electrode using easy method has a potential to be used in roll-to-roll processed organic solar cells and other optoelectronic applications.
Development of Melamine Electrochemical Sensor Using Molecularly Imprinted Conducting Polyanilne-Oxalic Acid Blend as a Molecular Recognition Element
Authors: Regasa Melkamu Biyana , Femi Olu Emmanuel , Soreta Tesfaye Refera , Ramamarthy Praveen C. , Kumaran Saravanan
Published: June 2020

In the present work, oxalic acid doped molecularly imprinted conducting polyaniline film for melamine detection was prepared by in-situ-electrochemical polymerization on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using melamine as template. The optimal monomer/template molar ratio was attained to be 0.2:0.1:0.01 (aniline: oxalic acid: melamine) and molecular recognition properties towards melamine were evaluated by differential pulse voltammetry. Under optimal conditions the imprinted polymer film was used to detect different concentrations of melamine in standard solutions and real milk samples. Compared with the nonimprinted polymer (NIP), the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film showed higher affinity and sensitivity towards melamine with a linear range, quantification limit and detection limit of 0.5-200 nM, 1.375 nM and 0.413 nM respectively. Furthermore, the polymer blend film showed good selectivity toward melamine, stability, reproducibility and practical applications for the determination of melamine in infant formula milk with the recovery of 92.32-102.49%. The doping of the polymer with oxalic acid enhanced the conductivity and sensitivity of the sensor.
Book Review: Kaufman, R., Uplifting Service: The Proven Path to Delight Your Customers, Colleagues and Everyone Else You Meet
Authors: Udunuwara Maduka
Published: June 2020

There is no abstract for this paper
VERS UNE MEILLEURE COMPRÃ‰HENSION DES PREMIÃˆRES IDÃ‰ES SCIENTIFIQUES Dâ€™ALBERT EINSTEIN â€“ SON ENVIRONNEMENT SCIENTIFIQUE EN ITALIE (1895-1902)
Authors: Bracco Christian , Provost Jean-Pierre
Published: June 2020

Lâ€™Â«annÃ©e miraculeuseÂ» dâ€™Einstein (1905), qui le voit publier en lâ€™espace de quelques mois quatre articles et une thÃ¨se ayant marquÃ© la physique de son temps, apparaÃ®t bien Ã©loignÃ©e des annÃ©es durant lesquelles, jeune Ã©tudiant Ã  lâ€™ETH de Zurich (1896-1900) puis en thÃ¨se (1901-1902), il revenait rÃ©guliÃ¨rement dans sa famille Ã  Milan. Albert Einstein sâ€™Ã©tant trÃ¨s peu exprimÃ© sur ses questionnements et ses positionnements scientifiques dans cette pÃ©riode, nous les analysons en dÃ©tail Ã  partir du contenu des lettres quâ€™il Ã©crit Ã  sa future femme Mileva MariÄ‡. Nous nous appuyons pour cela sur une Ã©tude antÃ©rieure portant sur son environnement scientifique Ã  Milan publiÃ©e dans ces mÃªmes Rendiconti di Scienze. La lecture Ã  la bibliothÃ¨que de lâ€™Institut lombard du Festschrift pour Lorentz a jouÃ© un rÃ´le important dans ses rÃ©flexions au printemps 1901, lorsquâ€™il est Ã  Milan en compagnie de son ami Michele Besso. Nous discutons en particulier comment un article de Max Reinganum lâ€™a menÃ© sur une Â«fausse pisteÂ» le conduisant au retrait dÃ©but 1902 dâ€™une premiÃ¨re thÃ¨se, dont celle de 1905 allait prendre le contrepied. Toujours dans le Festschrift, lâ€™article de Henri PoincarÃ© auquel Einstein fera rÃ©fÃ©rence en 1906, a de son cÃ´tÃ© probablement contribuÃ© Ã  sa prise de conscience que le temps local introduit par Hendrik Antoon Lorentz est un vrai temps; il a pu aussi, chose surprenante, participer Ã  une premiÃ¨re image de quanta diffÃ©rente de celle de Max Planck. Quant au passage Ã©tonnant par la physique statistique (1902-1904), qui allait conduire Albert Einstein en 1904 avec Michele Besso Ã  renouer avec les quanta, nous montrerons quâ€™il a Ã©tÃ© dÃ©terminÃ© par une lecture passionnÃ©e mais incomplÃ¨te de Ludwig Boltzmann (1899-1901). Finalement, la pÃ©riode antÃ©rieure Ã  1905, en partie Ã  Milan, se rÃ©vÃ¨le Ãªtre une pÃ©riode riche scientifiquement, qui a permis au jeune Ã©tudiant Albert de devenir le savant Einstein que lâ€™on connaÃ®t.
Thalassaemia Prior and Consequent to COVID-19 Pandemic. The Perspective of Thalassaemia International Federation (TIF)
Authors: Eleftheriou Androulla , Cannon Lily , Angastiniotis Michael
Published: June 2020

Patients with haemoglobin disorders, particularly β-thalassaemia or sickle cell disease (SCD) or combined forms, on account of their underlying disease pathology and associated (iron load mainly in the case of thalassaemia) co-morbidities are defined as high-risk individuals prone to develop more severe complications from coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Despite the fact that epidemiological evidence concerning severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in these patients is currently limited across the world, it is expected that COVID-19 pandemic will have a very serious, negative impact on national economies, healthcare and social systems and consequently significant respective repercussions on the patients particularly chronic ones, and their families. Although this may be a temporary challenge in some countries of high HDI and robust health, public health and social infrastructures, this can be a long term challenge with serious to tragic consequences in countries particularly devoid of universally covered heath care systems. Thalassaemia International Federation (TIF) in this present paper summarises the key challenges as expressed by the patients, their families and involved health care professionals themselves prior and consequent to COVID-19 pandemic, describes its response during the pandemic and expresses its position in support of its global patient community.
On the Hilbert vector of the Jacobian module of a plane curve
Authors: Cerminara Armando , Dimca Alexandru , Ilardi Giovanna
Published: June 2020

We identify several classes of complex projective plane curves

C:f=0

, for which the Hilbert vector of the Jacobian module

N(f)

can be completely determined, namely the 3-syzygy curves, the maximal Tjurina curves and the nodal curves, having only rational irreducible components. A result due to Hartshorne, on the cohomology of some rank 2 vector bundles on

\mathbb P^2

, is used to get a sharp lower bound for the initial degree of the Jacobian module

N(f)

, under a semistability condition.
On relationship between H-distributions and microlocal compactness forms
Authors: Antonić Nenad , Mitrović Darko , Palle Ljudevit
Published: June 2020

We give a review of the development of microlocal defect functionals and explain a connection between two recent notions in the field: the H-distributions and the microlocal compactness forms. We also provide a simplified approach to the concept of microlocal compactness forms, generalise them to a fractional setting, and connect this variant to H-distributions and Young measures.
A model of capillary phenomena in $\mathbb R^N$ with subcritical growth
Authors: Vetro Calogero
Published: June 2020

This paper deals with the nonlinear Dirichlet problem of capillary phenomena involving an equation driven by the

p

-Laplacian-like di¤erential operator in

\mathbb R^N

. We prove the existence of at least one nontrivial nonnegative weak solution, when the reaction term satisfies a sub-critical growth condition and the potential term has certain regularities. We apply the energy functional method and weaker compactness conditions.
Comparison of fixed and living biological cells parameters investigated with digital holographic microscope
Authors: Nienałtowski Patryk , Baczewska Maria , Kujawińska Małgorzata
Published: June 2020

The statistical analysis and comparison of biophysical parameters of living and fixed, mouse embryonic fibroblasts cells are presented. The parameters are calculated based on phase measurements performed by means of a digital, holographic microscope. The phases are retrieved from off-axis, image plane holograms, followed by custom image segmentation and statistical analysis of cells’ surface, phase volume and dry mass. The results indicated statistically significant differences between fixed and living cell parameters, which is an important message for setting methodology for further diagnosis based on quantitative phase (label-free) analysis.Full Text: PDF References:K. Alm, et al. "Cells and Holograms – Holograms and Digital Holographic Microscopy as a Tool to Study the Morphology of Living Cells", InTech, 2013. [CrossRef]Y. Rivenson, Y. Wu, A. Ozcan, Light: "Deep learning in holography and coherent imaging", Science & Applications, 8, Art. No. 85 (2019) [CrossRef]Min, et al. Optics Letters, 42, Issue 2, pp. 227-230, (2017) [CrossRef]M. Baczewska, Measurements and analysis of cells and histological skin sections based on digital holographic microscopy, WUT master thesis, 2018. [CrossRef]P. Stępień, D. Korbuszewski, M. Kujawińska, "Digital Holographic Microscopy with extended field of view using tool for generic image stitching", ETRI Journal, 41(1), 73-83, (2019). [CrossRef]S. Beucher, Serge, The Watershed Transformation Applied To Image Segmentation, Scanning microscopy. Supplement 6, (2000) [DirectLink]J. A. Hartigan, M. A. Wong, "A K-Means Clustering Algorithm", Applied Statistics, (1979) [CrossRef]J. Serra, Image Analysis and Mathematical Morphology, Academic Press, (1982) [DirectLink]P. Girshovitz, N. T. Shaked, "Generalized cell morphological parameters based on interferometric phase microscopy and their application to cell life cycle characterization", Biomedical Optics Express Vol. 3, Issue 8, pp. 1757-1773, (2012) [CrossRef]
Low-cost, widespread and reproducible mold fabrication technique for PDMS-based microfluidic photonic systems
Authors: Baczyński Szymon , Sobotka Piotr , Marchlewicz Kasper , Dybko Artur , Rutkowska Katarzyna
Published: June 2020

In this letter the possibility of low-cost fabrication of molds for PDMS-based photonic microstructures is considered. For this purpose, three different commercially available techniques, namely UV-curing of the capillary film, 3D SLA printing and micromilling, have been analyzed. Obtained results have been compared in terms of prototyping time, quality, repeatability, and re-use of the mold for PDMS-based microstructures fabrication. Prospective use for photonic systems, especially optofluidic ones infiltrated with liquid crystalline materials, have been commented. Full Text: PDF References:K. Sangamesh, C.T. Laurencin, M. Deng, Natural and Synthetic Biomedical Polymers (Elsevier, Amsterdam 2004). [DirectLink]A. Mata et. al, "Characterization of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Properties for Biomedical Micro/Nanosystems", Biomed. Microdev. 7(4), 281 (2005). [CrossRef]I. Rodríguez-Ruiz et al., "Photonic Lab-on-a-Chip: Integration of Optical Spectroscopy in Microfluidic Systems", Anal. Chem. 88(13), 6630 (2016). [CrossRef]SYLGARD™ 184 Silicone Elastomer, Technical Data Sheet [DirectLink]N.E. Stankova et al., "Optical properties of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) during nanosecond laser processing", Appl. Surface Science 374, 96 (2016) [CrossRef]J.C. McDonald et al., "Fabrication of microfluidic systems in poly(dimethylsiloxane)", Electrophoresis 21(1), 27 (2000). [CrossRef]T. Fujii, "PDMS-based microfluidic devices for biomedical applications", Microelectronic Eng. 61, 907 (2002). [CrossRef]F. Schneider et al., "Process and material properties of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for Optical MEMS", Sensors Actuat. A: Physical 151(2), 95 (2009). [CrossRef]T.K. Shih et al., "Fabrication of PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) microlens and diffuser using replica molding", Microelectronic Eng. 83(11-12), 2499 (2006). [CrossRef]K. Rutkowska et al. "Electrical tuning of the LC:PDMS channels", PLP, 9, 48-50 (2017). [CrossRef]D. Kalinowska et al., "Studies on effectiveness of PTT on 3D tumor model under microfluidic conditions using aptamer-modified nanoshells", Biosensors Bioelectr. 126, 214 (2019).[CrossRef]N. Bhattacharjee et al., "The upcoming 3D-printing revolution in microfluidics", Lab on a Chip 16(10), 1720 (2016). [CrossRef]I.R.G. Ogilvie et al., "Reduction of surface roughness for optical quality microfluidic devices in PMMA and COC", J. Micromech. Microeng. 20(6), 065016 (2010). [CrossRef]D. Gomez et al., "Femtosecond laser ablation for microfluidics", Opt. Eng. 44(5), 051105 (2005). [CrossRef]Y. Hwang, R.N. Candler, "Non-planar PDMS microfluidic channels and actuators: a review", Lab on a Chip 17(23), 3948 (2017). [CrossRef]
Control of stenting procedures with optical imaging
Authors: Cysewska-Sobusiak Anna Romana
Published: June 2020

The article presents how application of optical methods of imaging may aid control of more and more widespread stenting procedure. Modern gastro-videoendoscopy is especially useful in such therapeutic effects made in particular parts of the alimentary tract. The shown selected examples relate to results of real studies made in cooperation with medical specialists Full Text: PDF ReferencesA. Cysewska-Sobusiak, "Examples of acquisition and application of biooptical signals", Phot. Lett. Poland 11, 2 (2019). CrossRef P. Listewnik and A. Mazikowski, "Automatic system for optical parameters measurements of biological tissues", Phot. Lett. Poland 10, 3 (2018). CrossRef J-S. Park, S. Jeong, and D. H. Lee, "Recent Advances in Gastrointestinal Stent Development", Clin. Endosc. 48, 3 (2015). CrossRef B.S. Dhillon, "Medical device reliability and associated areas" (Boca Raton, CRC Press LLC 2000). CrossRef J.F. Rey, R. Lambert, and The ESGE Quality Assurance Committee, "ESGE Recommendations for Quality Control in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: Guidelines for Image Documentation in Upper and Lower GI Endoscopy", Endoscopy 33 (2001). CrossRef W.M. Saltzman, "Biomedical engineering. Bridging medicine and technology" (Cambridge University Press 2009). CrossRef F.A. Duck, "Physical properties of tissue: a comprehensive reference book" (San Diego, Academia Press 1990). CrossRef A. Cysewska-Sobusiak, "One-dimensional representation of light-tissue interaction for application in noninvasive oximetry", Opt. Eng. 36, 4 (1997). CrossRef A. Cysewska-Sobusiak, P. Skrzywanek, and A. Sowier, "Utilization of Miniprobes in Modern Endoscopic Ultrasonography", IEEE Sensors Journal 6, 5 (2006). CrossRef T. Mahmood, M.A. Scaffidi, R Khan, and S.Ch. Grover, "Virtual reality simulation in endoscopy training: Current evidence and future directions", World Journal of Gastroenterol. 24, 48 (2018). CrossRef https://medical.olympusamerica.com DirectLink
Atwood’s Reinventions: So Many Atwoods
Authors: Howells Coral Ann
Published: June 2020

In The Malahat Review (1977), Canadian critic Robert Fulford described Margaret Atwood as “endlessly Protean,” predicting “There are many more Atwoods to come.” Now at eighty, over forty years later, Atwood is an international literary celebrity with more than fifty books to her credit and translated into more than forty languages. This essay focuses on the later Atwood and her apparent reinvention since 2000, where we have seen a marked shift away from realistic fiction towards popular fiction genres, especially dystopias and graphic novels. Atwood has also become increasingly engaged with digital technology as creative writer and cultural critic. As this reading of her post-2000 fiction through her extensive back catalogue across five decades will show, these developments represent a new synthesis of her perennial social, ethical and environmental concerns, refigured through new narrative possibilities as she reaches out to an ever-widening readership, astutely recognising “the need for literary culture to keep up with the times.”
Testimonies in The Testaments by Margaret Atwood: Images of Food in Gilead
Authors: Labudova Katarina
Published: June 2020

In The Testaments, Margaret Atwood takes readers deeper into her dystopian world of Gilead, also through the imagery of food and eating. The oppressive patriarchal regime enforces its power through dietary restrictions, reducing women into edibles. The Testaments (2019), moreover, creates the impression of a highly individual and authentic narratorial perspective. Thus, Atwood’s characters’ daily lives in a nightmarish theocracy are illustrated with images of dystopian food that reflect the limitations, constant control, and abuse of human rights in the Republic of Gilead. This article explores how Atwood employs the literary form of testimony to create fragments of individual lives in a dystopia brought closer to us through food metaphors and metaphors of cooking, or rendered shocking through metaphors of cannibalism. Since food (and lack of food) has emotional as well as political significance, it pervades the testimonial literature of oppressive regimes.
Two Orchestral Embodiments of Three Pieces from op. 54 by Edvard Grieg
Authors: Urniežius Rytis
Published: June 2020

Lyric Suite is an orchestral version of four movements from Grieg’s Lyric Pieces V, op. 54. Three out of these four movements exist in two orchestral versions. The aim of the current research is to highlight peculiar traits of Grieg’s orchestral style in the late period of composer’s life by comparing scores of two orchestrators.
Yaşlı Bireylerde Sanal Ortam Yalnızlığı, İnternet Bağımlılığı ve Yaşam Doyumu
Authors: AY Faruk , BAŞIBÜYÜK Gülüşan
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı 65 yaş üstü bireylere yönelik olarak, sanal ortam yalnızlığı, internet bağımlılığı ve yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişkilerin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla Antalya 60+ Tazelenme Üniversitesinde eğitim gören 65 yaş üstü bireylere anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler SPSS programı aracılığıyla ortalamalar, Anova testi, bağımsız örneklem t testi, korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır.
Çalışmada 65 yaş üstü bireylerin yaşam doyumu düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu, sanal ortam yalnızlığının orta düzeyde olduğu ve internet bağımlılığı düzeylerinin düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. Kronik hastalığı olmayan 65 yaş üzeri bireylerin yaşam doyumlarının daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların yaşamdan memnuniyet düzeyi “düşük ve orta” olanlarda internet bağımlılığı daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Yaşamdan memnuniyet düzeyi “iyi ve çok iyi” olanların yaşam doyumları daha yüksek bulunmuştur.
Sonuç olarak sanal ortam yalnızlığı boyutlarından, sanal sosyalleşmenin artması yaşam doyumunu artırmaktadır. İnternet bağımlılığının yaşam doyumuna anlamlı bir etkisi bulunmamıştır. Sanal paylaşım arttıkça internet bağımlılığı artmakta, sanal yalnızlığın artması ise internet bağımlılığını azalmasına neden olmaktadır.
Okul Yöneticilerinin Kriz Yönetimi Tutumları İle Duygusal Zekâları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: YILMAZ İlker , YILDIRIM Bilal
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı okul yöneticilerinin görüşlerine göre, yöneticilerin kriz yönetim becerileri ile duygusal zekâ düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenebilmesidir. Bu araştırmanın evrenini, 2016-2017 yıllarındakiİstanbul’daki Avcılar ve Esenyurt ilçelerindeki okullarda görevli toplam 539 okul yöneticisi oluşturmaktadır. Evren ulaşılabilir olduğu için örnekleme yapılmamış, ölçekler tüm evrene ulaştırılmıştır. Toplam 466 ölçek değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Veriler ”Kriz Yönetim Ölçeği” ve “Duygusal Zekâ Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır.
Verilere ilişkin normallik testi sonucunda dağılım normallik göstermemiş bu nedenle non-paremetrik testlerden Mann Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis testi ve Spearman’s Rank Order korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır. Genel olarak araştırma sonuçlarından yöneticilerin duygusal zekâ düzeylerinde cinsiyete, yaşa göre anlamlı farklılaşma; kriz yönetimi düzeylerinde ise cinsiyete, yöneticilik görevlerine, yaşa, okul türüne göre anlamlı farklılaşma belirlenmiştir. Yöneticilerin duygusal zekâ ve kriz yönetim düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Duygusal zekâ alt ölçeklerinden iyimserlik ölçeği puanları ile kriz yönetimi alt ölçeklerinden kriz anı ve kriz sonrası ölçek puanları arasında pozitif yönde ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Duygusal zekâ alt ölçeklerinden duygulardan faydalanma ölçeği puanları ile kriz yönetimi alt ölçeklerinden kriz öncesi ve kriz sonrası ölçek puanları arasında düşük ancak anlamlı düzeyde ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Duygusal zekâ alt ölçeklerinden duyguların ifadesi ölçeği puanları ile kriz yönetimi alt ölçeklerinden kriz öncesi ölçek puanları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur.
Women’s Rights In The Light Of Quran
Authors: Parveen Abida
Published: June 2020

Islam has given honour and rights to women. Before the advent of Islam, women were a suppressed section of the society. Islam evaluated the status of women which anyone can expect in today’s modern society. Islam provides complete code of life, thus giving all social, economic, political and legal rights to women. A man and woman cannot be same physically so their rights can also not be the same due to their duties but they have equal rights in society. Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) stressed that when some conflict between husband and wife becomes sharpened and there seems no solution, in this situation if wife no more wants to live with husband then she has the right to get divorce. In case husband do not want to give divorce, women has right to go to court for khula.
Human Rights For Women Or The Human Rights Of Women?: Pakistan, CEDAW And The Gatekeepers
Authors: Khan Anoosh
Published: June 2020

This paper demonstrates why it is important to have a separate international covenant for the human rights protection of women or CEDAW. The paper begins by discussing the birth of human rights and its evolution to human rights of women in particular. Using Pakistan as an example, the paper discusses Pakistan’s CEDAW country reports to date. The key issues presented by the Government of Pakistan in it’s state CEDAW reports are highlighted. Then, applying the ‘gatekeeper theory’ some of the findings of the respective shadow reports are highlighted. Finally, there are suggestions for a plan of action that should be adopted by the Government of Pakistan to ensure human rights in general and the human rights of women in particular.
Analysis Of General Perspective Regarding Child Abuse
Authors: Rehma Dua e , Manzoor Seema , Hashmi Syed Faisal
Published: June 2020

The present study is about general concepts of people about Violence against children and mal-treatment. Child abuse and mal-treatment is a vibrating issue of recent decades around the globe. Parenting behaviors and cultural practices may also be the part of abuse regarding children depends on societies’ and cultures’ common perceptions and norms. Child mal-treatment impacts the children (either a boy or a girl) as well as the society. This study examined the reasons and causes of child abuse and its effects on child’s personality socially, physically and psychologically. The research is conducted by descriptive and quantitative methods; convenience sampling technique of non probability has been used to select the target population, and interview schedule is used as a tool to collect data. The study reveals that child abuse of any kind, either it is of minor intensity or extreme, have its impact on children depending on intensity of abusive behavior.
Discrimination And Its Effects: A Case From Health Care Institution
Authors: Akhtar Ghazal Khawaja Hummayun , Iqbal Sunerah , Shahid Muhammad
Published: June 2020

Gender discrimination persists in contemporary work places very frequently in various manners and of diverse nature. Although current human resource practices tried to disregard this evil and make healthier work place. Gender discrimination is not only relates to women, it also distresses men as well. But in our society its ultimate targets are women. This research tends to explore the ratio between male & female who are fronting gender discrimination at work place. The purpose is to draw attention to the relationship among gender discrimination at work place and its effects on the level of satisfaction, motivation, commitment, enthusiasm & stress level. Moreover, it also highlighted the main harasser and different ways harassment take place at workplace. For this study health care organization has been chosen because it makes an important contribution to economic and social progress of the country moreover; most of the work force consists of females.