bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC DETERMINANTS OF CREDIT RATIONING AT BAITUL MAAL WA TAMWIL IN INDONESIA
Authors: Wulandari Permata
Published: February 2020

This study seeks to identify credit rationing socio-demographic determinants toIslamic microfinance to achieve welfare improving goals in three Bottom of theEconomic Pyramid (BOP) regions: Yogyakarta, East Lombok and Makassar, SouthSulawesi, Indonesia. Another primary focus of this study is to highlight the suggestedsolutions from Islamic microfinance practitioners to overcome the challenges in thepractice of credit rationing assessment. 2,650 borrowers at the BOP in 26 IslamicMicrofinance Institutions (MFIs) in Indonesia were selected based on cluster samplingand purposive sampling methods. A questionnaire is adapted from several previousstudies. Multinomial logistics regression is used in this paper. Results show that thedeterminant of credit rationing based on socio-demographic factors, reflecting certainsocio-demographic factors that include age, gender, account balance, dependents,salary, monthly income, formal education, access to financing facility in the previousyear, distance, and years of saving, has significant influence on the probability ofgetting financing. Thus, in order to reduce the credit-rationing problem, the majorimplications from this study are that Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT) should enhancethe participation of women, using monthly income rather than salary determinants,provide credit plus financing and realize a one village one BMT program. The solutionswould enhance the participation of BOP borrowers at BMT.
QARD-AL-HASSAN AS A TOOL FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION A CASE OF FAEL KHAIR WAQF PROGRAM IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Muneer Farah , Khan Foyasal
Published: February 2020

Islamic economic system centrally focuses on socioeconomic justice and overall welfare of the society especially the bottom of the pyramid segment. Qard-al-Hassan, alongside zakat and sadaqah, is one of the instruments of redistribution of income and wealth from the rich to the poor in Islam. In 2007, Bangladesh struck by super cyclone SIDR, leaving 3,406 people dead. Moreover, the SIDR caused unprecedented damage to homes, crops and livelihoods. Fael Khair Waqf (FKW) Program came as a response to the urgent need for assisting the victims of SIDR which initiated an interest-free micro-loan (Qard-al-Hassan) scheme to restore the livelihoods of a large segment of victims and to uplift them from poverty. While investigating the effectiveness of Qard-al-Hassan in poverty reduction, this paper has examined FKW program as a case. This study conducted an analysis on 1600 households using independent sample t-test and logistic regression to investigate to what extent FKW program has been effective in reducing poverty. The finding of the logistic analysis is that the probability of being poor for FKW participants is around 1.46 times lower than the non-participants. Moreover, Qard-al-Hassan of FKW lowers the cost of borrowing significantly and hence the participants can accumulate more assets which might help them to improve their economic status after the cyclone. Overall, the effectiveness of this program implies that the development practitioners and researchers should promote the outreach of Qard-al-Hassan so that extreme poor can easily avail the services.
PROVING AL-MAQRIZI’S CONCEPT ON THE DETERMINANTS OF INFLATION: CROSS BORDER ANALYSIS
Authors: Akbar Nashr , Al Faizin Abdul Wahid
Published: February 2020

This research discusses the determinants of inflation according to Al-Maqrizi, one of Ibnu Khaldun’s disciples. He argued that inflation is caused by natural factors and human error factors. Among those human error factors, government corruption and the excess supply of non-metal money. This study employs a critical review on the work of al-Maqrizi, ighatsatul ummah bi kasyfil ghummah, supported with a panel data regression on cross-country data related to the rate of inflation, the rate of corruption and the number of the natural disaster. The empirical data shows that the rate of inflation is positively related to the human error factors; corruption, tax, and money supply. The results indicated the relevancy of al-Maqirizi’s postulate to the modern days’ economy.  However, natural disasters are not proven as a significant factor for inflation in the country level. This paper contributes to the importance of the study on the classical Muslim Scholars thinking to understand current economic problems and the way to solve it.
WHY ARE YOUTH INTENT ON INVESTING THROUGH PEER TO PEER LENDING? EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA
Authors: Ichwan Ichwan , Kasri Rachmatina
Published: February 2020

This study aims to analyse the factors that influence the intention of youths/millennials in Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, to invest in Peer to Peer (P2P) lending. Due to the relative newness of P2P lending in Indonesia, the framework utilised is the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and the study involves around 400 youths, the majority of whom are Muslims. Further, the study employs Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and logistic regression to analyse the influence of socio-demographic variables (gender, religion, marital status, education, employment, religion and income) on the intention to invest through P2P lending. The results of the study indicate that intention to invest in P2P lending is positively correlated and influenced by the attitude variable, which is itself influenced by factors including perceived ease of use, knowledge and trust in P2P lending. The results imply that the potential of youth to invest in P2P lending might be enhanced by improving technology (ease of use), literacy and trust in P2P lending. Moreover, it is suggested that those most interested in and more likely to invest through P2P lending are Muslims, have higher education and have higher incomes. With better literacy and marketing programmes, these groups could be targeted by P2P lending platforms to become potential investors. Lastly, the findings are expected to contribute to Islamic finance concepts and practices, particularly in the context of Indonesia.
A Systematic Approach to the Design and Development of a New ICD to Minimize Erosion and Erosion-Corrosion
Authors: Dikshit Ashutosh , Woiceshyn Glenn , Hagel Liam
Published: February 2020

To prevent or minimize problems associated with water coning in horizontal oil producers, inflow control devices (ICDs) are installed along the wellbore to better equalize the toe-to-heel flux. Nozzle-based ICDs are popular because they are easy to model accurately, virtually viscosity independent, and easy to install at the wellsite with many settings. Nozzles can be installed either in the wall of the base-pipe (radial orientation) or in the annulus between the base-pipe and housing (axial orientation). The advantages of the former are smaller maximum-running outer diameter (OD) and no need for a leak-tight, pressure-rated housing. One disadvantage is the high exit velocity that raises concern of erosion or erosion-corrosion of the base-pipe.

To overcome this disadvantage, a new nozzle has been developed with a novel geometry that reduces the exit velocity approximately tenfold compared with a conventional nozzle for the same pressure drop and flow rate. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to first fine tune the design to meet strict erosion-corrosion prevention requirements on the wall shear-stress downstream of the nozzle for both production and (acid) injection directions, and then to develop flow-performance curves for four different nozzle “sizes” that vary in their choking ability, thereby allowing many different settings per joint at the wellsite.

Full-scale prototype manufacturing and flow-loop testing were then performed to validate the CFD flow-performance predictions and to demonstrate mechanical integrity and erosion resistance for high-rate production and injection. The results, as presented herein, demonstrate a robust and commercially viable ICD design that has predictable flow performance using CFD, minimizes erosion and erosion-corrosion in either direction, minimizes running OD, simplifies the housing design, and allows easy installation at the wellsite with 34 settings per joint. Also discussed are two new advantages over other ICDs that were not anticipated in the original development.
Solubility Studies on High Molecular Weight Paraffin Hydrocarbons Obtained From Petroleum Rod Waxes
Authors: Nathan C.C.
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 204, 1955, pages 151–155.

Data are presented on the physical properties of five waxes obtained from fields in Texas and Louisiana in which "paraffin" troubles are being experienced. The crude paraffin was fractionated into three components, soluble in cold acetone, soluble in boiling acetone, and insoluble in boiling acetone. The acetone insoluble fraction was found to consist essentially of straight chain paraffin hydrocarbons in the molecular weight range 525 to 700.

Solubilities of the purified high molecular weight paraffins were determined in a number of solvents. It was found that in hydrocarbon solvents, including crude oil, solubilities could be calculated satisfactorily by use of ideal solubility relations. In chlorinated, and oxygenated solvents, large deviations from ideal behavior were observed. These deviations could be partially correlated with the internal pressure of the solvent.

Introduction

A problem encountered in many producing oil fields is that of "paraffin" deposition. The problem refers to the deposition of material from the crude oil onto tubing, pumping rods, flow lines, or other material contacted by the crude. This problem has been recognized for nearly a hundred years, and numerous investigations have been reported on its causes and prevention or alleviation. One of the more comprehensive of such investigations was published by Reistle in 1932.

A few of the salient findings of his report are briefly as follows:

The term "paraffin" as used to describe this problem refers to the deposit of carbonaceous material which is not soluble or dispersible by the crude oil under the conditions where deposition occurs. The "paraffin" normally consists of high molecular weight paraffin hydrocarbons, both straight chain and branched, resins and asphaltic materials of undetermined nature, occluded oil and water, and possibly sand. In consistency, the deposit may vary from a soft, sticky material, to one which is hard and brittle. Deposits are usually black, although lighter colors are sometimes observed.
Patient-individual cancer cell lines and tissue analysis delivers no evidence of sequences from DNA viruses in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Author) Michael Gock(Former Corresponding , Kordt Marcel , Matschos Stephanie , Mullins Christina S. , Author) Michael Linnebacher(New Corresponding
Published: February 2020

Background Several DNA viruses are highly suspicious to have oncogenic effects in humans. This study investigates the presence of potentially oncogenic viruses such as SV40, JCV, BKV and EBV in patient-derived colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells typifying all molecular subtypes of CRC. Methods Sample material (gDNA and cDNA) of a total of 49 patient-individual CRC cell lines and corresponding primary material from 11 patients, including normal, tumor-derived and metastasis-derived tissue were analyzed for sequences of SV40, JVC, BKV and EBV using endpoint PCR. In addition, the susceptibility of CRC cells to JCV and BKV was examined using a long-term cultivation approach of patient-individual cells in the presence of viruses. Results No virus-specific sequences could be detected in all specimens. Likewise, no morphological changes were observed and no evidence for viral infection or integration could be provided after long term CRC cell cultivation in presence of viral particles. Conclusions In summary, the presented data suggest that there is no direct correlation between tumorigenesis and viral load and consequently no evidence for a functional role of the DNA viruses included into this analysis in CRC development.
Reporting quality evaluation of propensity score method of the published articles in the gastric cancer filed: a systematic review
Authors: Zhang Jingao , Xu Hong , Zhou Xiaobin , Dai Shuangyang , Li Beibei , Zhou Jing
Published: February 2020

Background The inability to reproduce principal results of some published studies was often due to the poor reporting quality. Propensity score(PS) method has been increasingly employed to balance confounders in observational researches. A few studies showed poor reporting quality of PS method in some medical fields, this would contribute the misleading interpretation of the results and effect clinicians to determine treatment measures. The study of reporting quality of published articles applied PS method in the gastric cancer field had not been available. The aim of this study was to assess the reporting quality of PS method of the published articles in the gastric cancer filed and provide critical recommendations for the investigators who would like to conduct and report PS method. Methods The published articles applied PS method in gastric cancer field were searched in PubMed from inception to July 2019. Two reviewers independently extracted information and evaluated the reporting quality of PS method of the included articles. Results A total of 143 eligible articles were identified by the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These articles were published from 2007 to 2019 and increased over time roughly. 112 articles(78.3%) clearly listed out the variables and 15articles(10.5%) indicate the variables selection justification for PS models. 34 articles(23.8%) reported interaction between variables or subgroup analysis. Propensity score matching(PSM) was the most used method(124 articles, 86.7%), followed by weighting(8 articles, 5.6%), stratification(4 articles, 2.8%) and regression adjustment(3 articles, 2.1%), using more than one methods was 4(2.8%). In PSM, 34 articles (26.6%) had an sufficient description about the matched algorithm and caliper width, 32 articles(25%) used standardized differences to check the balance, the reporting of replacement was poor(30 articles,21%). 10 articles(7.9%) utilized all subjects and 121articles(94.5%) did not discuss the influence of incomplete matching. Conclusions There were methodological deficiencies in the reporting and conducting of PS method of the published articles in the gastric cancer filed. The researchers should report more details for PS method so that the authors, journal editors and peer-reviewers judge reliability and authenticity of the results.
Application of the JISP16 potential to the nucleon induced deuteron breakup process at E=13 MeV and E=65 MeV
Authors: Soloviov Volodymyr , Golak Jacek , Skibiński Roman , Topolnicki Kacper , Witała Henryk
Published: February 2020

The JISP16 nucleon-nucleon potential has been applied to
investigations of the nucleon induced deuteron breakup reaction at the
incoming nucleon laboratory energies E = 13 MeV and E = 65 MeV. We have
found that for the studied process the JISP16 force gives a description
of the exclusive cross section, which is generally similar to the ones
obtained with the standard realistic nucleon-nucleon AV18 interaction.
However, there are some regions of the phase space where the
differential cross sections predicted by the JISP16 and AV18 models,
differ by more than 100 %. These special kinematical configurations may
possibly be useful to refit the JISP16 force parameters.
Processing cottage cheese whey components for functional food production
Authors: Agarkova Eugeniya , Kruchinin Alexandr , Zolotaryov Nikita , Pryanichnikova Nataliya , Belyakova Zinaida , Fedorova Tatyana
Published: February 2020

Introduction. The study offers a new rational approach to processing cottage cheese whey and using it as a highly nutritional functional ingredient in food production. We proposed a scientifically viable method for hydrolyzing cottage cheese whey with enzyme preparations of acid proteases from Aspergillus oryzae with an activity of 400 units/g and a pH range of 3.0 to 5.0.

Study objects and methods. Pre-concentrated whey was enzymatically hydrolyzed at 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C for 60 to 180 min (pH 4.6). Non-hydrolyzed whey protein concentrates were used as a control. The amount of enzyme preparation was determined by calculation. All hydrolysate samples showed an increase in active acidity compared to the control samples. Further, we conducted a full-factor experiment with three levels of variation. The input parameters included temperature, duration of hydrolysis, and a substrate-enzyme ratio; the output parameters were the degree of hydrolysis and antioxidant capacity.

Results and discussion. The experiment showed the following optimal parameters for hydrolyzing cottage cheese whey proteins with the enzyme preparation of proteases produced by Aspergillus oryzae: temperature – 46.4°C; duration – 180 min; and the amount of enzyme preparation – 9.5% of the protein content. The antioxidant capacity was 7.51 TE mmol/L and the degree of hydrolysis was 17.96%.

Conclusion. Due to its proven antioxidant capacity, the whey protein hydrolysate obtained in the study can be used as a functional food ingredient.
Absorption of iodotyrosine from iodized milk protein in animals
Authors: Bolshakova Larisa , Lukin Dmitry
Published: February 2020

Introduction. One of the ways to the solve iodine deficiency problem is the addition of iodine to farm animal feed. It allows producing iodized livestock products. Promising sources of organic iodine are iodotyrosine-containing iodized milk proteins. Organic iodine accumulation in organs and tissues has not been sufficiently studied.

Study objects and methods. We determined iodotyrosine content in rat blood plasma and in pig muscle tissue. For this purpose, high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection and cathodic stripping voltammetry were used.

Results and discussion. At the first stage of the study, we examined iodotyrosines in rat blood plasma after a single administration of iodized milk protein or potassium iodide (30 μg I/kg weight) at specific time intervals. A significant increase in the concentration of monoiodotyrosine and diiodotyrosine was recorded 4 and 24 h after the administration. At the second stage, we studied the accumulation of iodotyrosines in the muscle tissue of pigs during their fattening period (104 days). The diet of the control animal group included potassium iodide (0.6 mg I/kg of feed). The experimental groups A and B got iodized milk protein (0.3 and 0.6 mg I/kg of feed, respectively). Monoiodotyrosin content in the muscle tissue of pigs of the experimental groups was 3.0 and 5.2 times higher than that in the control group. Diiodotyrosine content was 4.9 and 8.2 times higher. In the experimental group A, iodine content in muscle tissues was 26% higher than that in the control group, in the experimental group B it was 72% higher. Calculations of iodine intake balance and its accumulation in muscle tissues showed that in animals whose diet included iodized milk protein, the iodine assimilation was much higher (0.70 and 0.53%) than in the control group (0.21%).

Conclusion. Iodotyrosines from iodized milk protein are absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract in an unchanged form and accumulate in muscle tissues. The findings give more clear understanding of physiological and biochemical mechanisms of organic iodine absorption in animals.
The Study of Several Synthesis Methods of Indolizidine (±)-209I and (±)-209B as Natural Alkaloids
Authors: Mohajer Fatemeh , Ziarani Ghodsi Mohammadi , Moradi Razieh
Published: February 2020

Natural products have received much attention due to their importance and
application. Indolizidine, categorized as an alkaloid, has several biological activities. The
synthesis of natural compounds such as indolizidines has attracted much attention from
many chemists’ and researchers’ perspectives. There are many areas to be explored in
this subject; that is why synthesizing indolizidine 209I and (±)-indolizidine 209B as
natural compounds have received much consideration. This review discloses the procedures
and methodology to provide (±)-indolizidine 209I and 209B due to the importance
of indolizidines.
Microwave-mediated Synthesis of Medium Ring-sized Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Ghosh Amrita , Chattopadhyay Shital K.
Published: February 2020

Many medium ring-sized heterocyclic motifs are found in naturally occurring compounds
of significant biological activity which led to the investigation of the biological activity of simpler
heterocyclic compounds accommodating these ring systems. Therefore, the development of newer
synthetic methodologies to access such ring systems has remained an important activity over the last
few decades. However, common methods of their synthesis are usually associated with thermodynamic
disadvantages. Many metal-mediated transformations e.g., Heck reaction, Suzuki reaction, etc.
tend to overcome some of these effects but at the cost of environmental disadvantages. In recent
years, several green chemical techniques have found useful applications in the synthesis of such ring
systems. In particular, the use of microwave technology has provided better opportunities. The present
review attempts to highlight many synthetic approaches developed for the synthesis of such heterocyclic
scaffolds of pharmacological interest involving condensation reaction, coupling reaction,
Multi-component reaction, Cyclo-addition reaction, Dipolar cycloaddition reaction, etc. An emphasis
has also been given on the distinct advantages offered by microwave application over classical approaches,
wherever such knowledge is available.
Teaching the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale to Paramedics (E-Learning vs Video): Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Koka Avinash , Suppan Laurent , Cottet Philippe , Carrera Emmanuel , Stuby Loric , Suppan Mélanie
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND

Prompt and accurate identification of stroke victims is essential to reduce time from symptom onset to adequate treatment and to improve neurological outcomes. Most neurologists evaluate the extent of neurological deficit according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), but the use of this scale by paramedics, the first healthcare providers to usually take care of stroke victims, has proven unreliable. This might be, at least in part, due to the teaching method. The video used to teach NIHSS lacks interactivity, while more engaging electronic learning (e-learning) methods might improve knowledge acquisition.

OBJECTIVE

This study was designed to evaluate whether a highly interactive e-learning module could enhance NIHSS knowledge acquisition in paramedics.

METHODS

A randomized controlled trial comparing a specially designed e-learning module with the original NIHSS video was performed with paramedics working in Geneva, Switzerland. A registration number was not required as our study does not come into the scope of the Swiss federal law on human research. The protocol was nevertheless submitted to the local ethics committee (Project ID 2017-00847), which issued a “Declaration of no objection.” Paramedics were excluded if they had prior knowledge of or previous training in the NIHSS, or if they had worked in a neurology or neurosurgery ward. The primary outcome was overall performance in the study quiz, which contained 50 questions. Secondary outcomes were performance by NIHSS item, time to course and quiz completion, user satisfaction regarding the learning method, user perception of the course duration, and probability the user would recommend the course to a colleague.

RESULTS

The study was completed by 39 paramedics. There was a better overall median score (36/50 vs 33/50, P=.04) and a higher degree of satisfaction regarding the learning method in the e-learning group (90% vs 37%, P=.002). Users who had followed the e-learning module were more likely to recommend the course to a colleague (95% vs 63%, P=.02). Paramedics in the e-learning group took more time to complete the course (93 vs 59 minutes, P<.001), but considered the duration to be more adequate (75% vs 32%, P=.01). Time to quiz completion was similar between groups (25 vs 38 minutes, P=.12).

CONCLUSIONS

Use of an e-learning module shows promising results in teaching the NIHSS to paramedics.
An App for Understanding the Case Fatality Rate of Novel Coronavirus (COVID -19): Observation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chien Tsair-Wei , Kan Wei-Chih , Yeh Yu-Tsen , Kuo Shu-Chun
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND

When a new disease starts to spread, one of the commonly asked questions is (1) how deadly it is. World Health Organization (WHO) announced in a press conference on January 29th, 2020 and reported the death rate of COVID-19 was 2% on the case fatality rate(CFR). Whether the claim was underestimated is worthy of clarifications when considering the lag days from symptom onset to death.

OBJECTIVE

We developed an app for online displaying three types of computations of CFR and verifying the death rate of 2% substantially underestimated.

METHODS

We downloaded COVID-19 outbreak numbers from January 21 to February 25, 2020, in countries/regions on a daily basis from Github that contains daily information on confirmed cases, deaths, and the recovered in more than 30 Chinese locations and other worldwide countries/regions. Three CFRs on COVID-19 were compared, including (A) deaths/confirmed;(B) deaths/(deaths+recovered); and (C) deaths/(cases x days ago). The coefficients of variance (CV=the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean) were applied to measure the relative variability for each CFR. A dashboard was developed for daily display of the CFR on COVID-19 for each region.

RESULTS

We observed that the CVs were 0.07, 9.23, and 5.08 and the CFRs were 3.37%, 8.85%, and 3.58% for these three CFR computations, respectively, on Feb. 25, 2020. The death rate of COVID-19(=2%) announced by WHO using the formula of deaths/confirmed was substantially underestimated. A dashboard was created to present the provisional CFRs of COVID-19 on a daily basis.

CONCLUSIONS

We suggest examining these three CFRs as a reference to the final CFR. An app developed for displaying the provisional CFR with these three CFRs can modify the underestimated CFR reported by WHO and media.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not available
Adoção do moodle por professores universitários na perspectiva da teoria ator-rede
Authors: Bortolato Márcia Melo , Cruz Dulce Márcia
Published: February 2020

Muitas Instituições de Ensino Superior vêm adotando o Moodle como apoio ao ensino presencial tendo como referência as práticas pedagógicas da Educação a Distância (EaD). Contudo, como as condições da EaD diferem das do ensino presencial, os modos de apropriação da inovação também divergem. Para conhecer as condições e em que medida ocorre o processo de adoção do Moodle foi realizado um estudo de caso longitudinal de cinco anos na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC). A pesquisa contou com variados instrumentos (questionários, entrevistas, observação de disciplinas e análise de relatórios institucionais). Mesclando preceitos e metodologias das teorias ator-rede e difusão de inovações conseguiu-se ampliar a visão dos caminhos percorridos pelos actantes e chegar à conclusão que o Moodle vem sendo usado pelos professores adotantes. No entanto, a grande maioria não usa os seus recursos para estender as aprendizagens da sala de aula para antes, durante e depois do encontro presencial.
Moscow students: Changes in value orientations
Authors: Ilyinsky I. M. , Lukov V. A.
Published: February 2020

The article considers the stable ideas of the significant part of the Moscow students when assessing personal qualities typical for the Russian youth. The study presented in the report of the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation in 2011 identified a high level of the youth’s criticism when assessing one’s generation and emphasizing its egoism and irresponsibility. In the surveys conducted in the Moscow University for Humanities in 2011-2019, a part of the same questionnaire was used to assess the qualities of the contemporary Russian youth, and the results were the same. In the ranking of such qualities in 2019, the first 10 positions were taken by laziness, selfishness, sociability, irresponsibility, aggressiveness, independence, indifference, optimism, naivety and cynicism, i.e. together with positive features there are qualities traditionally considered in the Russian society as unacceptable. The last 10 positions were taken by openness, kindness, pushfulness, initiative, greed, rationalism, responsibility, honesty, patriotism and conscientiousness. Thus, the highly appreciated by the society moral qualities are presented in the students’ estimates as not typical for the youth. The additional open questions clarifying the value orientations of students in terms of their estimates of such attitudes of people in the past, present and future showed that in older generations and one’s social circle the student youth appreciate the most the socially valued qualities and want their children in the future to have such. The ranking of such qualities starts with honesty, kindness, responsibility, purposefulness, openness, sociability, sincerity, responsiveness, punctuality and goodwill. The contradictions between the estimates of the youth qualities and the expected qualities of one’s social circle have been repeatedly confirmed at the empirical level. However, this is not a feature of the student youth but rather a result of the social anomie in the sphere of value orientations in the transition period. The authors believe that the transformation trend of students’ value orientations towards individualism is stable but not typical for the youth in general.
APLICAÇÃO DA METODOLOGIA FMEA PARA REDUÇÃO DE FALHAS EM UM EQUIPAMENTO ALISADOR DE CABELOS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Da Silva Vander Luiz , Dos Santos Jordana Dorca , Lermen Fernando Henrique
Published: February 2020

O presente estudo teve por objetivo aplicar a FMEA para redução de falhas em um equipamento alisador de cabelos de uma empresa do setor de beleza. O produto selecionado apresentou índices significativos de falhas, comprometendo sua qualidade. A FMEA foi constituída por nove etapas e permitiu identificar falhas apresentadas por componentes técnicos do produto. Constatou-se que entre todos os componentes, o circuito, a resistência elétrica e o suporte do cabo de alimentação merecem maior atenção por parte da empresa, devido à severidade dos efeitos apresentados, elevado número de ocorrências registradas no período e dificuldades para detecção das falhas
Modelo hidrogeológico conceptual de la cuenca baja del Río Ora (Nandayure, Guanacaste)
Authors: Vargas Quesada Catalina , Arellano Harting Federico
Published: February 2020

La zona de estudio se encuentra en la provincia de Guanacaste, corresponde con la cuenca baja del río Ora. Esta presenta un área aproximada de 37,28 km 2. Geológicamente se encuentran litologías de origen volcánico, sedimentario y aluvional. Con base en el balance hídrico de suelos se determina que la recarga potencial es de 827.58 mm/año, la cual corresponde al 32% de la precipitación de la zona. El acuífero aluvional se encuentra compuesto por clastos limpios, semiconsolidados, presenta conductividades hidráulicas altas de hasta 8 m/día y espesores de hasta 30 metros. El acuífero volcánico se encuentra compuesto por las rocas basálticas fracturadas del Complejo de Nicoya, por lo general presenta una permeabilidad secundaria dada por las fisuras. Presenta distintas transmisividades en función del fracturamiento delas rocas, que varían de 2,38 a 193,70 m2/día. En las rocas basálticas se identificaron las lavas fracturadas, sanas, meteorizadas, densas y sin fracturar.
La Cultura y subculturas en las instituciones. Su importancia en los procesos por la calidad y el cambio en la educación superior
Authors: Azze Pavón. Aida B.
Published: February 2020

Sin pretensiones de constituirse en un trabajo científico, sepresenta un conjunto de consideraciones en el ámbito delos procesos autoevaluación y acreditación de los programaso carreras, orientados al mejoramiento de la calidaden Educación Superior, en el que la cultura a nivel institucionaly de cada una de sus áreas académicas y administrativastoma especial importancia El sustento teóricode estas reflexiones, ha sido los temas desarrollados y lascapacidades adquiridas en el curso internacional “Gestiónde la Calidad y el Cambio en Educación Superior” conocidocomo Unicambio XXI , al que asistimos en la promoción2003-2005, en el que compartimos experiencias yvivencias de Universidades Alemanas y Centroamericanas,aprendizajes puestos en práctica a partir del año 2005, enlos procesos por la calidad compartidos con las carreras dela Escuela de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales.
Sin garantías: José Aricó, América Latina y la “crisis del marxismo”
Authors: Roggerone Santiago M.
Published: February 2020

The article examined the work of José Aricó, following the hypothesis that Marxism was always in crisis. It analyzed the new beginning of Marxism that Aricó proposed in the context of the Mexican exile, into which he was driven after being expelled from the Communist Party of Argentina and becoming the leading promoter and architect of the neo-left project Pasado y Presente. The paper explored not only the editorial work and the dissemination of ideas that Aricó carried out but also, and especially, the role of critical reader and polemicist who assumes a position within a situation by recognizing his status as a Latin American thinker, without establishing any guarantee.
Aportes de la concepción pedagógica de Francisco Ruiz Sánchez para una teoría motivacional perfectiva
Authors: Di-Marco Maria Elisa , Portela Analía Inés , González Mariela Lourdes , Boarini María Gisella , Difabio-de-Anglat Hilda Emilia
Published: February 2020

The present work aimed to indicate some aspects for understanding motivation from the dynamic fullness, that is, from the very purpose of the educational event. This research analyzes human motivation during the learning process in the light of the anthropological thought of Francisco Ruiz Sánchez. Through a hermeneutical methodology of his published and unpublished writings, we detailed the three main elements of the educational, motivational process: a) the method used, b) the proposal of good objects, and c) the awareness of the value of the object. It is concluded that motivation constitutes a relational aspect within the framework of a process in which cognition or intellectual tendency towards an object of good knowledge intervenes. This object has also been presented sensitively and can be perceived as valuable by the learner.
EFEKT ALOKACJI W OCENIE SPECJALIZACJI I KONKURENCYJNOŚCI WOJEWÓDZTW W POLSCE W ZAKRESIE PRODUKCJI ZBÓŻ
Authors: Tłuczak Agnieszka
Published: February 2020

Celem artykułu jest rozpoznanie stopnia konkurencyjności oraz specjalizacji poszczególnych województw w Polsce w zakresie produkcji zbóż. Wyniki przedstawiono na podstawie metody zmian konkurencyjności Estebana-Marquillasa, która pozwala na diagnostykę potencjału produkcyjnego regionu. Analiza ta pozwala na wskazanie regionów wyspecjalizowanych oraz charakteru zmian strukturalnych w zakresie badanego zjawiska. Badania przeprowadzono na podstawie danych pochodzących z baz danych Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego. Badania obejmują lata 1999 – 2017.
Non-CPAs and Office Audit Quality
Authors: Sherwood Matthew G. , Nagy Albert L. , Zimmerman Aleksandra B.
Published: February 2020

SYNOPSIS

During the time surrounding the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Big 4 firms either spun-off or downsized their consulting practices. However, in recent years, consulting service lines of the large accounting firms have seen a dramatic resurgence and growth. Regulators have taken notice of, and expressed concern over, this renewed focus on consulting. The accounting firms claim that such services enhance audit quality, mainly due to the prominent role of non-accounting specialists in today's external audit function. This study examines whether the availability of non-CPAs in U.S. Big 4 firm offices is associated with audit quality. We find that greater access to non-CPAs in the office is associated with higher audit quality and conclude that office audit quality is not just a function of audit-specific human resources but also the availability of non-CPAs to support audit engagement teams.

JEL Classifications: M41; M42.

Data Availability: All data are publicly available from sources identified in the study.
Who Aspires to be a Partner in a Public Accounting Firm? A Study of Individual Characteristics and Gender Differences
Authors: Jones Ambrose , Iyer Venkataraman M.
Published: February 2020

SYNOPSIS

This research identifies characteristics influencing partner aspirations in public accounting firms with special emphasis on gender differences. The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants reports that only about 2% of entrants ultimately become partners. Women comprise approximately half of those entering public accounting, but only about 23% of equity partners. Although firms offer flexibility and alternative work environments, the changing nature of the workforce has resulted in a remarkably low number of accountants aspiring to be partners, especially women. Our analysis of factors related to aspirations reveals similarities and differences between genders with implications for firms wishing to eliminate perceptions of a “glass ceiling.” Since practice development and developing new business are viewed as critical for advancement, policies encouraging professionals to develop social networks, regardless of participation in an alternative work arrangement, may overcome the stigma that chronic availability for client service is critical for advancement in the firm.
Strategic Trading at the Preopening after Earnings Announcements
Authors: Levi Shai , Zhang Xiao-Jun
Published: February 2020

Prior literature finds the price adjustment after earnings announcements is not immediate. This paper provides evidence that informed investors act strategically to prevent their information from immediately affecting prices after earnings announcements. Specifically, we examine the price discovery at the preopening auction after earnings announcements. We show that traders place more orders at the end of the preopening after earnings announcements, a behavior that reduces the market's ability to learn their information, and we find they profit from these late orders.

JEL Classifications: M41; G14.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
THE EFFECT OF IMMERSION OF MANGROVE Avicennia alba (Tomlinson, 1986) LEAF EXTRACT WITH DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS IN PREVENTING BACTERIAL DISEASE Vibrio harveyi (Johnson & Shunk, 1936) IN VANAME SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei) (Boone, 1931)
Authors: Farida Eka Nur , Diantari Rara , Harpeni Esti , Wardiyanto Wardiyanto , Hasani Qadar , Yulianto Herman , Yusuf Maulid Wahid , Susanti Oktora
Published: February 2020

Vibriosis is a disease that often attack shrimp culture, some of the most dangerous types of Vibrio bacteria are V. harveyi. The use of natural materials is an alternative that can be applied to prevent bacterial disease. One of the mangrove species that has an antibacterial compound is A. alba. A. alba has alkaloid, saponins, and flavonoids compounds that can inhibit the function of cytoplasmic membranes and energy metabolism in bacteria. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of A. alba leaf extract A. alba in inhibiting V. harveyi disease in vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). This research was conducted in several stages, namely extraction of mangrove leaves, both in vivo and in vitro. The highest SR, RPS and MTD values were obtamed at a concentration of 250 mg/l with each value of 80 %, 60 %, 75th respectively hour. Mangrove leaf extract A. alba was able to prevent diseases caused by the bacteria V. harveyi, with the best results at an extract concentration of 250 mg/l where the concentration can significantly higher SR, RPS, and MTD compared to other treatments.
INFLUENCES OF LAMP IRRADIATION EXPOSURE ON GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF JUVENILE SNEAKHEAD FISH Channa striata (Bloch, 1793)
Authors: Triyanto Triyanto , Tarsim Tarsim , Utomo Deny Sapto Chondro
Published: February 2020

The research has been conducted by February to March 2018 in the Laboratory of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Lampung University. The research aim of this to acknowledge the influences of lamp irradiation exposure on growth and survival of juvenile sneakhead fish (Channa striata). This research used a completely randomized design with five treatments, A (12B;12D), B (9B;15D), C (6B;18D), D (3B;21D), and E (0B;24D) with three replications. The research showed that the effect of the length of light irradiation exposure has a significant effect on growth and survival of juvenile snakehead fish. The best treatment found in treatment D, that the resulted highest value of weight growth (5,46 g), daily weight growth (0,121 g/day), length growth (5,37 cm), daily length growth (0,119 cm/day), and survival rate of 97%.
Production Analysis of Green Mussel (Perna viridis) in Lampung Province
Authors: Sulvina Sulvina , Abidin Zainal , Supono Supono
Published: February 2020

This study was conducted to find out factors affecting and level of mussel production, level of efficiency of using the tools and materials in cultivation process and whether the cultivation of mussels in Pasaran. This study was analyzed using Cobb-Douglass. The study were analyzed in quantitative descriptive, multiple linear regression analysis, and analysis of efficiency. The dependent variable (Y) is the result of production of green mussels cultivation and free variables are the number of bamboos (X 1), the amount of strap (X2), grouper (X3) and labor (X4). Mussel fisherman in Pasaran NPM with Px calculated to obtain the level of efficiency of each factors of production in messels cultivation. Studies show that the most influential factors production are variable bamboo, rope and labor. While the results of analysis the level of efficiency of using tools and materials is not efficient. The number of bamboo and labor should be reduced, because it tends to be a waste and not profitable either technically or economically. The value of the return to scale of 1.22 showed cultivation mussels are on increasing return to scale.
THE EFFECT OF PHYTASE ENZYMES ADDITION ON ARTIFICIAL FEED ON HOVEN’S CARP GROWTH, Leptobarbus hoevenii (Bleeker, 1851)
Authors: Sintia Nora , Utomo Deny Sapto Chondro , Yudha Indra Gumay
Published: February 2020

Hoven’s carp is a freshwater fish found in Indonesian. This study aims to study the effect of the addition of phytase enzymes with different doses on commercial feed on the growth rate of hoven’s carp and determine the dose of the phytase enzyme that is best for the growth of sooty fish. This research was conducted for 70 days at the Fisheries Cultivation Laboratory, Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. This study used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. Treatment A without the administration of phytase enzymes, B giving phytase enzymes 250 mg/kg of feed, C giving phytase enzymes 500 mg/kg feed, D giving phytase enzymes 750 mg/kg of feed. The parameters observed were absolute length growth, absolute weight growth, daily growth rate, SR, FCR, and protein retention. The results showed that the administration of phytase enzymes had an effect on fish growth with a dose of phytase enzyme 750 mg/kg of feed showing good results.
KENDALI JUMLAH DAN WAKTU BERANGKAT TRUK PENGANGKUT TBS UNTUK MINIMALISASI ANTRIAN DI PABRIK MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT
Authors: Krisdiarto Andreas Wahyu , Wisnubhadra Irya , Widodo Kuncoro H
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model perhitungan yang dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pengelolaan truk pengangkut TBS, terutama pemberangkatannya. Dengan mengendalikan pemberangkatan truk dari kebun berdasarkan kapasitas nyata pabrik secara sistematis, antrian truk di stasiun penerimaan pabrik dapat diminimalisasi. Faktor-faktor yang diperhitungkan adalah kapasitas pabrik, kapasitas produksi kebun, kesediaan truk, dan kondisi jalan perkebunan. Target akhir dari sistem adalah peningkatan mutu TBS sebagai bahan baku minyak kelapa sawit, yaitu kadar asam lemak bebas (ALB) nya dipertahankan kurang dari 5% dan efisiensi operasional alat angkut (meminimalkan waktu antri truk). Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan simulasi waktu dan kapasitas, untuk mensinkronkan pengangkutan TBS dari kebun dengan kapasitas PMKS dari waktu ke waktu. Analisa parameter kinerja angkutan menunjukkan : 1)Berat TBS tidak mempengaruhi waktu muat-angkut dan waktu hilang, namun berkorelasi dengan kecepatan. 2)Kapasitas PMKS berubah-ubah terhadap waktu. Pasokan TBS dari kebun bisa diatur mengikuti pola kapasitas PMKS, dengan formula untuk jumlah truk yang berangkat dari kebun adalah Jt =  (Jl x Kl)/Kt, dan saat berangkat truk adalah: tb = tl – ts. Metode ini dapat menjadi sistem pendukung pengambilan keputusan (decision support system, DSS) dalam sistem pengelolaan transportasi TBS agar optimum. Kata Kunci:   Angkutan kelapa sawit, antrian truk, decision support system
Plagiarism and fabulism: Dishonesty in the newsroom
Authors: Samson Alan
Published: February 2020

In New Zealand, various journalism ethics codes either specifically condemn news media plagiarism—the passing off by a reporter of another's work or part work as one's own—or demand standards of accuracy and honesty that would preclude its use. Obviously the codes also preclude fabulism—outright story invention. In regard to the two, ascribing blame for plagiarism is the more problematic. This is because the public nature of news and the press's imperative to background and disseminate invariably lead to shades of grey. There is no such ambiguity for fabulism. This article therefore concentrates on plagiarism, discussing fabulism only because the two sins are often confused, especially when some high—profile transgressors have been guilty of both. Because plagiarism's definitional boundaries can be blurred, this paper examines—in the context of print journalism—the complexity of the problem and the difficulties inherent in finding workable solutions. To do this, on the path toward a definitional understanding, if not absolute definition, it considers underlying legal and ethical frameworks, historical and cultural origins, and the temptations and grey areas thrown up by the internet. In response to anecdotal public relations industry concerns it also includes a brief discussion of the rights and wrongs of reproducing press release material in its entirety.
Maori media production, civic journalism and the foreshore and seabed controversy in Aotearoa
Authors: Hodgets Darrin , Barnett Alison , Duirs Andrew , Henry Jolene , Schwanen Anni
Published: February 2020

This article explores the social significance of increased media production by Maori in Aotearoa/New Zealand as an opportunity for challenging a tendency in mainstream journalism to promote Pakeha perspectives. The analysis focuses on the recent documentary Hikoi, which was initiated by two young Maori women as a challenge to media framing of Maori protests as 'unjustified' and 'disruptive' acts. We argue that this documentary illustrates the potential for civic journalists to broaden public deliberations regarding political issues such as the foreshore and seabed controversy.