bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding the contextual functions of C1q and LAIR-1 and their applications
Authors: Son Myoungsun
Published: May 2022

The importance of the complement component C1q has been highlighted by its involvement in autoimmunity, infection, inflammatory diseases, and tumors. The unique tulip-like structure of C1q has both a collagen-like stalk (C1q tail) and heterotrimeric globular head (gC1q), each with different binding specificities, and the binding of these components to their respective receptors leads to functional complexities in the body and bridges innate and adaptive immunity. This review describes the fundamental roles of C1q in various microenvironments and focuses on the importance of the interactions of C1q and its receptors with the inhibitory receptor LAIR-1 in maintaining homeostasis. Current therapeutic opportunities modulating LAIR-1 are also discussed.
RP1-59D14.5 triggers autophagy and represses tumorigenesis and progression of prostate cancer via activation of the Hippo signaling pathway
Authors: Zhong Bing , Zhao Zexue , Jiang Xi
Published: May 2022

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the major malignant tumors among men worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been documented as important modulators in human cancers, including PCa. In our study, we investigated the role and potential mechanism of RP1-59D14.5 in PCa. RP1-59D14.5 expressed at a low level in PCa cells. Gain-of-function assays including colony formation and transwell assays displayed that RP1-59D14.5 overexpression repressed PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Besides, RP1-59D14.5 up-regulation induced autophagy in PCa cells. Mechanically, luciferase reporter assays and western blot verified that RP1-59D14.5 activated the Hippo pathway in PCa cells. Through RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull-down assays, we validated that RP1-59D14.5 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate large tumor suppressor kinase 1/2 (LATS1/2) via targeting miR-147a. Moreover, RP1-59D14.5 recruited HUR to promote casein kinase 1 (CK1) expression. Collectively, RP1-59D14.5 promoted yes-associated protein (YAP) degradation to activate the Hippo pathway in PCa progression via targeting the miR-147a/LATS1/2 axis and recruiting HUR to promote the interaction of CK1 and β-transducin repeat-containing protein (βTrCP). These results implied that RP1-59D14.5 acted as a tumor suppressor in PCa, which might be a target for PCa treatment.
DMDRMR promotes angiogenesis via antagonizing DAB2IP in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Yumeng , Liu Xiaojun , Wang Yang , Pan Yongbo , Han Xiaoqi , Peng Bo , Zhang Xu , Niu Shaoxi , Wang He , Ye Qinong , Gu Yinmin , Gao Shan
Published: May 2022

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients are highly angiogenic and treated by targeted therapies against VEGFA/VEGFR signaling pathway. However, tumors with such targeted therapies remain a significant clinic challenge. Understanding the underlying mechanism against angiogenesis is highly desired. Here, we demonstrated that the lncRNA DMDRMR serves as a sponge of miR-378a-5p to increase EZH2 and SMURF1 expression, thus promoting EZH2-mediated transcriptional repression of DAB2IP and SMURF1-mediated degradation of DAB2IP. Consequently, this axis activates VEGFA/VEGFR2 signaling pathway, resulting in angiogenesis and resistance of tumor cells to sunitinib in ccRCC. Moreover, the competing endogenous RNA regulatory axis of DMDRMR is clinically relevant to ccRCC pathogenesis and prognosis of patients with ccRCC. Our results support that the DMDRMR/miR-378a-5p/DAB2IP axis may serve as a novel target for combination diagnosis or therapy of ccRCC patients. Our findings may have highly clinical relevance for future translation to develop the targeted therapies for patients with ccRCC.
In-plane optical and electrical anisotropy in low-symmetry layered GeS microribbons
Authors: Chen Zhangfu , Hwang Woohyun , Cho Minhyun , Hoang Anh Tuan , Kim Minju , Kim Dongwoo , Kim Dong Ha , Kim Young Duck , Kim Hyun Jae , Ahn Jong-Hyun , Soon Aloysius , Choi Heon-Jin
Published: May 2022

Layered group-IV monochalcogenides, including GeS, GeSe, SnS, and SnSe, garner attention because of their anisotropic structures and properties. Here, we report on the growth of GeS microribbons via chemical vapor transport (CVT), which affords each of them with a low-symmetry orthorhombic structure and anisotropic optical and electronic properties. The single-crystalline nature of the GeS microribbon, which has a typical thickness of ~30 nm, is confirmed. Polarized Raman spectra reveal angle-dependent intensities that are attributed to the anisotropic layered structure of GeS microribbons. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra reveal a peak at ~1.66 eV. The angle-dependent PL and anisotropic absorption spectroscopy results provide evidence for a distinct anisotropic optical transition near the energy band edges; this phenomenon is also predicted by our density functional theory (DFT)-based calculations. Strong in-plane direct-current transport anisotropy is observed under dark and white illumination by using back-gate cross-shaped field effect transistors (CSFETs) fabricated with the GeS microribbon; significant gate-tunable conductivity is also confirmed. The strong anisotropy is further confirmed by the DFT-calculated effective mass ratio. Our findings not only support the application of GeS microribbons in anisotropic photoelectronic transistors but also provide more possibilities for other functional device applications.
Generation of Fusarium oxysporum-suppressive soil with non-soil carriers using a multiple-parallel-mineralization technique
Authors: Meeboon Jamjan , Ando Akinori , Ogawa Jun , Miyamoto Kenji , Kato Yasuo , Shinohara Makoto
Published: May 2022

Disease-suppressive soils exist worldwide. However, the disease-suppression mechanism is unknown, and it’s unclear how to produce such soils. The microbiota that develop in a multiple-parallel-mineralization system (MPM) can increase nutrient production efficiency and decrease root disease in hydroponic systems. Artificial media inoculated with MPM microorganisms can degrade organic matter to produce inorganic nutrients similarly to natural soil, but it’s unknown whether they can also suppress pathogen growth. Here, we produced an artificial medium that inhibited root disease similarly to disease-suppressive soils. Microbial MPM culture solution was inoculated into non-soil carriers (rockwool, rice husk charcoal, and vermiculite) to test whether it could suppress growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae J. C. Hubb. & Gerik. We inoculated F. oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans (Wollenweber) Snyder et Hansen strain Cong:11 and F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae J. C. Hubb. & Gerik into artificial media sown each with Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. and Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata supplemented with MPM culture microbes. The MPM microorganisms suppressed F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae J. C. Hubb. & Gerik growth and prevented plant disease. Thus, MPM-inoculated non-soil carriers that can generate inorganic nutrients from organic matter may also suppress disease in the absence of natural soil. Our study shows novel creation of a disease-suppressive effect in non-soil media using the microbial community from MPM culture solution.
Six decades of warming and drought in the world’s top wheat-producing countries offset the benefits of rising CO2 to yield
Authors: Helman David , Bonfil David J.
Published: May 2022

Future atmospheric carbon-dioxide concentration ([CO2]) rise is expected to increase the grain yield of C3 crops like wheat even higher under drought. This expectation is based on small-scale experiments and model simulations based on such observations. However, this combined effect has never been confirmed through actual observations at the nationwide or regional scale. We present the first evidence that warming and drought in the world’s leading wheat-producing countries offset the benefits of increasing [CO2] to wheat yield in the last six decades. Using country-level wheat yield census observations, [CO2] records, and gridded climate data in a statistical model based on a well-established methodology, we show that a [CO2] rise of ~ 98 μmol mol−1 increased the yield by 7% in the area of the top-twelve wheat-producing countries, while warming of 1.2 °C and water depletion of ~ 29 mm m−2 reduced the wheat grain yield by ~ 3% and ~ 1%, respectively, in the last six decades (1961–2019). Our statistical model corroborated the beneficial effect of [CO2] but contrasted the expected increase of grain yield under drought. Moreover, the increase in [CO2] barely offsets the adverse impacts of warming and drought in countries like Germany and France, with a net yield loss of 3.1% and no gain, respectively, at the end of the sampling period relative to the 1961–1965 baseline. In China and the wheat-growing areas of the former Soviet Union—two of the three largest wheat-producing regions—yields were ~ 5.5% less than expected from current [CO2] levels. Our results suggest shifting our efforts towards more experimental studies set in currently warm and dry areas and combining these with statistical and numerical modeling to improve our understanding of future impacts of a warmer and drier world with higher [CO2].
Increased migration and motility in XIAP-null cells mediated by the C-RAF protein kinase
Authors: Russell Lauren G. , Davis Lydia A. K. , Hunter Jill E. , Perkins Neil D. , Kenneth Niall S.
Published: May 2022

The product encoded by the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) gene is a multi-functional protein which not only controls caspase-dependent cell death, but also participates in inflammatory signalling, copper homeostasis, response to hypoxia and control of cell migration. Deregulation of XIAP, either by elevated expression or inherited genetic deletion, is associated with several human disease states. Reconciling XIAP-dependent signalling pathways with its role in disease progression is essential to understand how XIAP promotes the progression of human pathologies. In this study we have created a panel of genetically modified XIAP-null cell lines using TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 to investigate the functional outcome of XIAP deletion. Surprisingly, in our genetically modified cells XIAP deletion had no effect on programmed cell death, but instead the primary phenotype we observed was a profound increase in cell migration rates. Furthermore, we found that XIAP-dependent suppression of cell migration was dependent on XIAPdependent control of C-RAF levels, a protein kinase which controls cell signalling pathways that regulate the cytoskeleton. These results suggest that XIAP is not necessary for control of the apoptotic signalling cascade, however it does have a critical role in controlling cell migration and motility that cannot be compensated for in XIAP-knockout cells.
A detection and configuration method for welding completeness in the automotive body-in-white panel based on digital twin
Authors: Li Hao , Li Bing , Liu Gen , Wen Xiaoyu , Wang Haoqi , Wang Xiaocong , Zhang Shuai , Zhai Zhongshang , Yang Wenchao
Published: May 2022

To address the problems of poor welding completeness and inefficient configuration for defective automotive body-in-white panels, we propose a method for detecting and configuring the welding completeness of automotive body-in-white panels based on digital twin (DT) and mixed reality (MR). The method uses DT to build an MR-oriented DT framework for the detections and configuration of body-in-white panel welding completeness. We propose a method to build a DT knowledge base for panels, a Yolov4-based welding completeness detection method, and a MR-based configuration method for the welding completeness in panels. Our team develop a panel welding completeness detection and configuration system to fully validate the effectiveness of the method.
The vaginal microbiome and the risk of preterm birth: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Gudnadottir Unnur , Debelius Justine W. , Du Juan , Hugerth Luisa W. , Danielsson Hanna , Schuppe-Koistinen Ina , Fransson Emma , Brusselaers Nele
Published: May 2022

Preterm birth is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Increasing evidence links the vaginal microbiome to the risk of spontaneous preterm labour that leads to preterm birth. The aim of this systematic review and network meta-analysis was to investigate the association between the vaginal microbiome, defined as community state types (CSTs, i.e. dominance of specific lactobacilli spp, or not (low-lactobacilli)), and the risk of preterm birth. Systematic review using PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane library was performed. Longitudinal studies using culture-independent methods categorizing the vaginal microbiome in at least three different CSTs to assess the risk of preterm birth were included. A (network) meta-analysis was conducted, presenting pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI); and weighted proportions and 95% CI. All 17 studies were published between 2014 and 2021 and included 38–539 pregnancies and 8–107 preterm births. Women presenting with “low-lactobacilli” vaginal microbiome were at increased risk (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.15–2.49) for delivering preterm compared to Lactobacillus crispatus dominant women. Our network meta-analysis supports the microbiome being predictive of preterm birth, where low abundance of lactobacilli is associated with the highest risk, and L. crispatus dominance the lowest.
HKUST-1 nano metal–organic frameworks combined with ZnGa2O4:Cr3+ near-infrared persistent luminescence nanoparticles for in vivo imaging and tumor chemodynamic and photothermal synergic therapy
Authors: Yu Bin , Wang Yun-Jian , Lin Yuan-Ying , Feng Yan , Wu Juan , Liu Wei-Sheng , Wang Min , Gao Xiu-Ping
Published: May 2022

The multifunctional nanoplatform combining persistent luminescent nanoparticles (PLNPs) and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can be used for in vivo imaging and tumor therapy, providing a new strategy for effective tumor diagnosis and treatment.
Strategies for the direct oxidative esterification of thiols with alcohols
Authors: Asnaashariisfahani Manzarbanou , Azizi Bayan , Poor Heravi Mohammad Reza , Mohammadi Elham , Arshadi Sattar , Vessally Esmail
Published: May 2022

This review paper provides an overview of the main strategies for the oxidative esterification of thiols with alcohols.
Formation of rolls from liquid crystal elastomer bistrips
Authors: Chen Yuzhen , Kuenstler Alexa S. , Hayward Ryan C. , Jin Lihua
Published: May 2022

We analytically, numerically, and experimentally investigate the influence of thickness and stretch anisotropy on formation of rolls from liquid crystal elastomer bistrips.
A new type of δ-vinylvalerolactone for palladium-catalyzed cycloaddition: synthesis of nine-membered heterocycles
Authors: Li Kuan , Yang Sen , Zheng Bing , Wang Wei , Wu Yongjun , Li Jing , Guo Hongchao
Published: May 2022

A new type of precursor of zwitterionic allylpalladium intermediates for cycloaddition reactions was developed.
Novel thiophene-based donor–acceptor scaffolds as cathodes for rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors
Authors: Peng Haijun , Zheng Yongxiang , Antheaume Cyril , Samorì Paolo , Ciesielski Artur
Published: May 2022

Two novel thiophene-based donor–acceptor molecules TDA-1 and TDA-2 are synthesized through Aldol and Knoevenagel condensations, and used as cathode materials in aqueous zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors.
Bilayer conducting salts with polymeric anions
Authors: Lopes Gonçalo , Gama Vasco da , Santos Isabel C. , B. Lopes Elsa , Brotas Graça , Pereira Laura C. J. , Cerdeira Ana C. , Paixão José A. , Rabaça Sandra , Almeida Manuel
Published: May 2022

Bilayer CNB-EDT-TTF salts with different polymeric anions.
SANS characterization of time dependent, slow molecular exchange in an SDS micellar system
Authors: Shoaib Tooba , Ha Jae-Min , Han Youngkyu , Chen Wei-Ren , Do Changwoo
Published: May 2022

The scattering length density of SDS micelles changes as the deuterated SDS (d-SDS) and protonate SDS (h-SDS) exchange among different micelles.
Influence of picolinate ancillary ligands on unique photophysical properties of Ir(ppz)2(LX)
Authors: Kim Daehoon , Ahn Mina , Wee Kyung-Ryang , Cho Dae Won
Published: May 2022

Comparing to Ir(ppz)3, Ir(ppz)2(LX) emits a red-shifted phosphorescence of caused by an interligand energy transfer between the ppz and LX ligands. Especially, Ir(ppz)2(picOH) showed an intramolecular proton transfer in the excited singlet state.
Sodium to cesium ions: a general ladder mechanism of ion diffusion in prussian blue analogs
Authors: Nordstrand Johan , Toledo-Carrillo Esteban , Kloo Lars , Dutta Joydeep
Published: May 2022

Cations in Prussian blue analogs (PBA) follow a ladder mechanism of ion transport. Defective regions in the crystal slow diffusion by blocking transport, while intact regions slow diffusion by trapping ions.
Insight into the pH effect on the oxygen species and Mn chemical valence of Co–Mn catalysts for total toluene oxidation
Authors: Huang Rui , Luo Li , Hu Wei , Tang Zhixin , Ji Xing , Chen Leqi , Yu Zhaoshi , Zhang Yunhuai , Zhang Dan , Xiao Peng
Published: May 2022

Mn-Based metal oxides have shown promising performance in catalytic oxidation of toluene due to the mixed Mn3+ and Mn4+ valences and in large numbers of oxygen vacancy clusters on the surface.
CoP nanorods anchored on Ni2P-NiCoP nanosheets with abundant heterogeneous interfaces boosting the electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl-furfural
Authors: Zhou Mingjun , Chen Jianmin , Li Yingwei
Published: May 2022

CoP nanorods anchored on Ni2P-NiCoP nanosheets have been fabricated. The heterogeneous interfaces can regulate the d-band centers of Co and Ni to approach the Fermi level, thus boosting the electrocatalytic oxidation of HMF.
Color tunable of Ln-MOFs (Ln = Tb, Eu) and excellent stability for white light-emitting diode
Authors: Zhang Qian , Ge Wanyin , Zhang Xinmeng , Chen Xiangli
Published: May 2022

White light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) possess the advantages of environmental friendliness, long lifetime, and energy saving.
Multisource energy conversion in plants with soft epicuticular coatings
Authors: Meder Fabian , Mondini Alessio , Visentin Francesco , Zini Giorgio , Crepaldi Marco , Mazzolai Barbara
Published: May 2022

Turning common plants into devices harvesting electricity from wind and radio frequency radiation endows a surprising prospect for energy-autonomous sensors.
High-efficiency cathode potassium compensation and interfacial stability improvement enabled by dipotassium squarate for potassium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhao Shuoqing , Liu Zhichao , Xie Guanshun , Guo Ziqi , Wang Shuguang , Zhou Jinhui , Xie Xiuqiang , Sun Bing , Guo Shaojun , Wang Guoxiu
Published: May 2022

A low-cost and high-efficiency K2C4O4 is used as a potassium reservoir source to boost the electrochemical performance of potassium-ion batteries, and how this strategy is expected to promote their practical application.
Green tea polyphenols bind to soy proteins and decrease the activity of soybean trypsin inhibitors (STIs) in heated soymilk
Authors: Ge Ge , Zhao Jinsong , Zheng Jiabao , Zhou Xuesong , Zhao Mouming , Sun Weizheng
Published: May 2022

EGCG could bind to soy proteins and decrease the inhibitory activity of soybean trypsin inhibitors (STIs) when it was added after thermal processing.
Non-small cell lung carcinoma spheroid models in agarose microwells for drug response studies
Authors: Luan Qiyue , Becker Jeffrey H. , Macaraniag Celine , Massad Malek G. , Zhou Jian , Shimamura Takeshi , Papautsky Ian
Published: May 2022

An agarose microwell platform developed for in vitro lung carcinoma spheroid culture and drug response evaluation of targeted anti-cancer therapies.
Benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidines: recent advancements in synthesis of two diversely important heterocyclic motifs and their derivatives
Authors: Debnath Saradindu , Parveen Syaleena , Pradhan Priyankar , Das Ipsita , Das Tapas
Published: May 2022

Nitrogen heterocycles are some of the most important compounds that are found in nature or synthesized otherwise.
A dual-emission fluorescence-enhanced probe for hydrogen sulfide and its application in biological imaging
Authors: Li Minghao , Jiao Yang , Duan Chunying
Published: May 2022

A fluorescence-enhanced probe with unique dual-channel emissions was designed for the detection and bioimaging of hydrogen sulfide.
ZIF-90 with biomimetic Zn–N coordination structures as an effective nanozyme to mimic natural hydrolase
Authors: Fan Chaoyu , Tang Yonghua , Wang Hao , Huang Yifan , Xu Fei , Yang Yun , Huang Yangyang , Rong Weifeng , Lin Youhui
Published: May 2022

Inspired by the structures of enzymes, a fast and robust strategy for generating ZIF-90 metallo-nanozymes is presented.
Zeolitic imidazolate framework-based nanoparticles for the cascade enhancement of cancer chemodynamic therapy by targeting glutamine metabolism
Authors: Jian Hui , Zhang Yun , Wang Junyue , Chen Zhenxiang , Wen Tingyi
Published: May 2022

ZIF(Fe)&CB nanoparticles are developed to combine glutaminolysis inhibition and chemodynamic therapy for enhanced treatment of cancers dependent on abnormal glutamine metabolism.
Synthesis and evaluation of new pirfenidone derivatives as anti-fibrosis agents
Authors: Gu Chenxi , Li Wei , Ju Qing , Yao Han , Yang Lisheng , An Baijiao , Hu Wenhao , Li Xingshu
Published: May 2022

Two series of new pirfenidone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as anti-fibrosis agents. Among them, compound 9d give 35 μM of the IC50 against the human fibroblast cell line HFL1.
Preferential and enhanced adsorption of methyl green on different greenly synthesized magnetite nanoparticles: investigation of the influence of the mediating plant extract’s acidity
Authors: Ahmouda Kaouthar , Benhaoua Boubaker
Published: May 2022

Magnetite NP samples synthesized from less acidic plant extracts have more dense active sites and prefer adsorbing more MG. The increase of plant extract acidity leads to the increase of the thermo- and photocatalytic activities of Fe3O4NPs.
Intracellular mechanism of antimicrobial peptide HJH-3 against Salmonella pullorum
Authors: Wang Qing , Xu Yanzhao , Hu Jianhe
Published: May 2022

To explore the potential intracellular mechanism of the antimicrobial peptide HJH-3 in killing Salmonella, a DNA blocking test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to determine the ability of the peptide to bind bacterial DNA in vitro.
Novel deep eutectic solvent-based liquid phase microextraction for the extraction of estrogenic compounds from environmental samples
Authors: Fattahi Nazir , Shamsipur Mojtaba , Nematifar Ziba , Babajani Nasrin , Moradi Masoud , Soltani Shahin , Akbari Shahram
Published: May 2022

A pH-switchable hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent-based liquid phase microextraction (DES-LPME) technique was established and combined with gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy for the determination of estrogenic compounds in environmental samples.
Morphological characteristics of calcium carbonate crystallization in CO2 pre-cured aerated concrete
Authors: Lu Jiayu , Ruan Shengqian , Liu Yi , Wang Tao , Zeng Qiang , Yan Dongming
Published: May 2022

The work reports different morphological characteristics of CaCO3 formed in an early-age aerated concrete (AC) under different CO2 pressures, uncovering the physicochemical mechanisms of carbonation of cement-based materials affected by CO2 curing.
The KOSMA-τPDR model
Authors: Röllig M. , Ossenkopf-Okada V.
Published: May 2022

Numerical models of photodissociation regions (PDRs) are an essential tool to quantitatively understand observations of massive star forming regions through simulations. Few mature PDR models are available and the Cologne KOSMA-τPDR model is the only sophisticated model that uses a spherical cloud geometry, thereby allowing us to simulate clumpy PDRs. We present the current status of the code as a reference for modelers and for observers that plan to apply KOSMA-τto interpret their data. For the numerical solution of the chemical problem, we present a superior Newton-Raphson stepping algorithm and discuss strategies to numerically stabilize the problem and speed up the iterations. The chemistry in KOSMA-τis upgraded to include the full surface chemistry in an up-to-date formulation and we discuss a novel computation of branching ratios in chemical desorption reactions. The high dust temperature in PDRs leads to a selective freeze-out of oxygen-bearing ice species due to their higher condensation temperatures and we study changes in the ice mantle structures depending on the PDR parameters, in particular the impinging ultraviolet field. Selective freeze-out can produce enhanced C abundances and higher gas temperatures, resulting in a fine-structure line emission of atomic carbon [Ci] enhanced by up to 50% if surface reactions are considered. We show how recent Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) observations of HCO+emission in the Orion Bar with high spatial resolution on the scale of individual clumps can be interpreted in the context of nonstationary, clumpy PDR ensembles. Additionally, we introduce WL-PDR, a simple plane-parallel PDR model written in Mathematica to act as a numerical testing environment of PDR modeling aspects.
Basics and Implementation of Document Automation in the Image Processing Industry
Authors: Quilitzsch Dirk , Ziegler Wolfgang
Published: May 2022

With the introduction of a Component Content Management System (CCMS), companies combine the expectation of creating efficient and effective customer-specific documentation in the face of increasing product variance due to individual customer requirements. In addition, the documentation should meet both quality requirements and increasing cost pressure. In order to meet these expectations and utilize all the possibilities of the system, fundamental considerations must be made as part of a system introduction or optimization of an existing system. These considerations include a viable metadata concept and a modularization concept suitable for the product portfolio. When developing a modularization concept, a suitable module structure as well as an appropriate module size should be determined. To maximize reuse, the content should also be standardized at the linguistic level. The metadata concept we consider is based on a PI classification and is the basis for controlled reuse and automation of the documentation creation process. We will show that, especially in larger editorial teams, collaborative work on a product portfolio crucially depends on the standardization of content creation as well as on content classification. It ensures, for example, that modules valid for a given product can be easily searched, found, and reused. It also counteracts increasing module variance caused by a common lack of specification in content creation without CCMS. The effort required for the aforementioned concepts and their implementation in everyday editorial work initially appears considerable, but subsequently leads to significant savings in regulated work processes, translation costs, document creation, as well as in the quality of the entire editorial process. Our considerations and findings refer to practical examples from the image processing industry and the corresponding implementation of content and processes in a CCMS.
Study of a Multi-modal Neurorobotic Prosthetic Arm Control System based on Recurrent Spiking Neural Network
Authors: Ikechukwu Ogbodo Mark , Dang Khanh N. , Ben Abdallah Abderazek
Published: May 2022

The use of robotic arms in various fields of human endeavor has increased over the years, and with recent advancements in artificial intelligence enabled by deep learning, they are increasingly being employed in medical applications like assistive robots for paralyzed patients with neurological disorders, welfare robots for the elderly, and prosthesis for amputees. However, robot arms tailored towards such applications are resource-constrained. As a result, deep learning with conventional artificial neural network (ANN) which is often run on GPU with high computational complexity and high power consumption cannot be handled by them. Neuromorphic processors, on the other hand, leverage spiking neural network (SNN) which has been shown to be less computationally complex and consume less power, making them suitable for such applications. Also, most robot arms unlike living agents that combine different sensory data to accurately perform a complex task, use uni-modal data which affects their accuracy. Conversely, multi-modal sensory data has been demonstrated to reach high accuracy and can be employed to achieve high accuracy in such robot arms. This paper presents the study of a multi-modal neurorobotic prosthetic arm control system based on recurrent spiking neural network. The robot arm control system uses multi-modal sensory data from visual (camera) and electromyography sensors, together with spike-based data processing on our previously proposed R-NASH neuromorphic processor to achieve robust accurate control of a robot arm with low power. The evaluation result using both uni-modal and multi-modal input data show that the multi-modal input achieves a more robust performance at 87%, compared to the uni-modal.
“Wall Hack AR”: AR See-through system with LiDAR and VPS
Authors: Kimura Ryudai , Cohen Michael
Published: May 2022

We propose a method to realize the experience of seeing through an occluding wall by using a 3D scanner and an AR (Augmented Reality) device. This system uses the LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) scanner of the Apple iPad Pro as a 3D scanner, sending scanned spatial mesh data to the AR device of the experiencer in real-time. By using a VPS (Visual Positioning System) to also share the actual spatial position of the mesh, a receiving AR device can also draw the scan data registered at the correct position in the actual space. Placing the LiDAR scanner behind an occlusion allows an experience as if the user were seeing through a wall.
Multimodal Metronome — Rhythm game for musical instruments
Authors: Hoang Tuan Son , Cohen Michael
Published: May 2022

The goal of this project is to create an application that uses auditory, visual, and tactile elements to assist and guide musical instrument learners, using features available on the Nintendo Switch device and its paired “Joy-Con” detachable interface, to increase the novelty as well as intuitiveness of musical performance while stimulating user experience. By integrating visual music, spectral analysis, and motion capture, we obtain a metronome system that synchronizes visual, acoustic, and haptic display.
The use of CLAHE for improving an accuracy of CNN architecture for detecting pneumonia
Authors: Tjoa Elbert Alfredo , Yowan Nugraha Suparta I Putu , Magdalena Rita , Kumalasari CP Nor
Published: May 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) has now grown rapidly for helping many aspects of human life, one of them is for medical image processing. Currently, the world is still suffering from COVID-19 pandemic outbreak which affects more than 36 million people and it is estimated that more than 1 million death occurred as a result of this outbreak. Early detection for COVID-19 suffers is needed to assist doctors and medical experts to determine the next medication for patients for avoiding the worsening condition which leads to death. AI-based model is can be used for assisting medical experts for detecting and classify the lung condition based on chest x-ray (CXR) patient‗s image accurately by using deep learning. On this paper, authors proposed the use on contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) for pre-processing the medical images combined with CNN AlexNet architecture. The result of this method then compared with non-CLAHE CNN AlexNet also self-made CNN architecture. The result shows a promising result by the accuracy of CNN AlexNet architecture is 91.11%.
Machine Learning Approaches for Efficient Analysis of Neuroimaging Techniques
Authors: Joseph Alwin , J Chandra
Published: May 2022

Machine Learning has a significant role in each person’s daily life and plays a vital role in making life easier by contributing to various models where the machines learn and do the tasks better. Much research and development around machine learning algorithms and their applications are happening for classifying and clustering multiple types of data in several domains. Health care research also impacts machine learning in analysing different data for patients. Different types of image and Neuroimaging data analysis are the areas where a significant amount of research is happening with healthcare and machine learning. Neuroimaging data obtained from the imaging techniques like MRI, CT, fMRI, PET, and other techniques help doctors identify various disorders. Commonly studied diseases with the help of neuroimaging data include the disorders like Alzheimer’s, MCI, Parkinson’s Disease, and Autism. Machine learning algorithms are developed for the straightforward interpretation of neuroimaging data and identifying neurological disorders. Interpreting neuroimaging takes a lot of assumptions and risks by doctors; commonly used and developed Machine Learning models are CNN, SVM, ANN, and Deep CNN. The use of proper machine learning models can help doctors to validate their assumptions in critical conditions. The paper focuses on a survey of various approaches by researchers to bring out neuroimaging analysis models and identify effective models. The research also covers the multiple diseases and the best models available for detecting the disorders. This research aims to identify the challenges various researchers face while creating the models and the limitations of their models, and how machine learning algorithms could effectively analyse neuroimages.
STE(A)M: Not only education but also a lifestyle
Authors: Sachpatzidis Avraam , Fragulis George F. , Antoniadis Ioannis
Published: May 2022

If science can define meanings and measure results, art can express them and give a step forward to refreshment and innovation. The artist-scientist archetype started from Archimedes going to Nikolai Tesla, in about the inventor, the seeker, the dreamer, and the thinker, both as new scientist and artist. A growing number of schools are incorporating teaching methods that are more aligned to STEAM education (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics) since it has become, almost very clear and concrete, that art’s education makes learning more fun and keeps everyone involved even more engaged. As exploring new possibilities, to lead innovation in the classroom and promote leadership at all levels, encourage teachers and principals, make the school and the whole system a dynamic one. The core value is that the need for STEAM education is critical, especially because there will be related jobs ready to be filled as soon as possible. This job is about to show, when and how can a STEAM educational concept can be delivered in a system that seems to have been destroyed from its old mistakes and can give a real boost to a new oriented public school, in the best possible integrated educational system for preparing students for the university and beyond. Primary inquiry, dialogue, and critical thinking seem to lead the way for a better life in the school environment and real-life society.
Most large colorectal polyps missed by gastroenterology fellows at colonoscopy are sessile serrated lesions
Authors: Vemulapalli Krishna C. , Lahr Rachel E. , Rex Douglas K.
Published: May 2022

Background and study aims Data on adenoma and sessile serrated lesion (SSL) miss rates for gastroenterology fellows during colonoscopy are limited. We aimed to describe the miss rate of fellows based on a second examination by a colonoscopist with a high rate of detection.

Patients and methods Second- and third-year gastroenterology fellows at a single, tertiary center performed initial examinations. A single experienced attending doctor then performed a complete examination of the colon. We recorded the size and pathology of all lesions found at both examinations and calculated the adenoma and SSL miss rates for fellows.

Results Ten trainees performed 100 examinations. Miss rates for conventional adenomas and SSLs were 30.5 % and 85.7 %, respectively. Among pre-cancerous polyps ≥ 10 mm, 10 of 14 lesions missed were SSLs.

Conclusions While conventional adenoma detection skills of gastroenterology fellows are acceptable, SSL detection is poor.
Gastrointestinal endoscopy and work-related injuries: an international survey
Authors: Bessone Veronica , Adamsen Sven
Published: May 2022

Background and study aims Recently, the awareness of work-related musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs) among gastrointestinal endoscopists has increased because of their effect on the private and work life of clinicians as well as on the health care system. The high injury incidence (reported to range from 37 % to 89 %) has been correlated with the intensive muscular demand required during a procedure.

Patients and methods An online survey with 32 questions was conducted globally. Clinically active endoscopists (doctors and nurses) participated anonymously and voluntarily. The questionnaire included questions about endoscopist anthropometrics, experience of MSI, treatment, and preventive measures such as ergonomic training. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data.

Results Of 204 clinicians (78 % males; 81 % > 35 years of age), 107 (53 %) stated to have experienced a work-related MSI. The most frequent locations were in the neck (n = 49), shoulder and thumb (n = 39, both). Female clinicians resulted to be significantly more prone to develop MSI. In addition, endoscopists who performed more than 15 hours of endoscopy or more than 15 procedures per week reported a significantly higher rate of MSI.

Conclusions The high frequency of MSIs among gastrointestinal endoscopists highlights the importance of implementing ergonomic training. Including simple precautions before and during endoscopy may reduce the risk of developing an injury.
Efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy in patients with malignant gastric outlet obstruction and ascites
Authors: Mahmoud Tala , Storm Andrew C. , Law Ryan J. , Jaruvongvanich Veeravich , Ghazi Rabih , Abusaleh Rami , Vargas Eric J. , Bazerbachi Fateh , Levy Michael J. , Truty Mark J. , Chandrasekhara Vinay , Abu Dayyeh Barham K.
Published: May 2022

Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy (EUS-GJ) is an endoscopic procedure for treating gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). Limited data exist regarding the safety and efficacy of EUS-GJ in patients with malignant GOO with ascites. Thus, we aimed to study the outcomes and safety of EUS-GJ in GOO patients with vs. without ascites.

Patients and methods This is a retrospective cohort study of patients with malignant GOO who underwent successful EUS-GJ at a tertiary care academic center. Primary outcomes included the efficacy and safety of EUS-GJ. Secondary outcomes included 30-day readmission, reintervention, and survival utilizing Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Results A total of 55 patients (mean age of 67.0 ± 11.3 years, 40.0 % female) who underwent EUS-GJ, of whom 24 had ascites (small in 22, large in 2) were included. Clinical success was achieved in 91.7 % and 93.5 % (P = 1.00) of patients with and without ascites, respectively. A higher rate of adverse events (AEs) was noted in patients with ascites but this was not statistically significant (37.5 % vs. 19.4 %, P = 0.13). Four patients in the ascites group (16.6 %) developed clinical evidence of peritonitis or sepsis post-EUS-GJ. Eight patients with ascites developed worsening ascites within a month of EUS-GJ. In contrast, only one patient without ascites developed evidence of new ascites. The median survival of patients was not significantly different between the two groups (patients with ascites: 129 days vs. patients without ascites: 180 days, (P = 0.12).

Conclusions The efficacy EUS-GJ in the presence of ascites is promising; however, the safety profile remains concerning given the high rate of AEs, specifically peritonitis and sepsis.
Basic food and drink price distributions transcend time and culture
Authors: Sinclair Robert , Diamond Jess
Published: May 2022

In this empirical study, we show that the shape of the distribution of relative prices of basic food and drink items has been extraordinarily robust, from ancient Egypt to modern Chile, whether there be peace and economic stability, war, revolution, depression or hyperinflation. The width of the distribution of log prices does not deviate significantly from a specific value, which would appear to be universal. This property of relative prices has not changed over the past three thousand years, wherever there have been food markets, despite great differences in culture, institutions, and the particular food and drink items consumed.
Trench-shaped field-effect transistor integrates electronic particle detection with microfluidics
Authors: Liebendorfer Adam
Published: May 2022

Silicon design simultaneously detects electrical and optical signals from charged fluorescent beads.
First measurement of the 10B(α,n)13N reaction in an inertial confinement fusion implosion at the National Ignition Facility: Initial steps toward the development of a radiochemistry mix diagnostic
Authors: Lonardoni D. , Sauppe J. P. , Batha S. H. , Birge Noah , Bredeweg T. , Freeman M. , Geppert-Kleinrath V. , Gooden M. E. , Hayes A. C. , Huang H. , Jungman G. , Keenan B. D. , Kot L. , Meaney K. D. , Murphy T. , Velsko C. , Yeamans C. B. , Whitley H. D. , Wilde C. , Wilhelmy J. B.
Published: May 2022

We report the first measurement of the 10B(α,n)13N reaction in a polar-direct-drive exploding pusher (PDXP) at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). This work is motivated by the need to develop alternative mix diagnostics, radiochemistry being the focus here. The target is composed of a 65/35 at. % deuterium–tritium (DT) fill surrounded by a roughly 30 μm thick beryllium ablator. The inner portion of the beryllium ablator is doped with 10 at. % of 10B. Radiation-hydrodynamics calculations were performed in 1D to optimize both the remaining boron rho-R and the DT neutron yield. A charged-particle transport post-processor has been developed to study α-induced reactions on the ablator material. Results indicate a large 13N production from α-induced reactions on 10B, measurable by the radiochemical analysis of a gaseous samples system at the NIF. The PDXP target N201115-001 was successfully fielded on the NIF, and nitrogen from the 10B(α,n)13N reaction was measured. The 13N production yield, as well as the DT neutron yield, was, however, lower than expected. Some of the reduced yields can be explained by the oblate shape, but the ratios of the various radiochemical signals are not commensurate with expectations based on a simple reduction of the 1D results. Preliminary 2D radiation-hydrodynamics computations are consistent with the experimental measurements, and work is ongoing to extend the radiochemistry analysis into higher dimensions.
Heat transfer model and cooling performance of converter oxygen lance affected by slag sticking
Authors: Liu Guangqiang , Li Junnan , Liu Kun , Han Peng , Xu Yingshi
Published: May 2022

The heat transfer mechanism and water-cooling effect during oxygen lance blowing changes by slag sticking at the nozzle. In order to effectively overcome this problem, in this study, the equivalent heat transfer method was applied to modify the heat transfer coefficient of the oxygen lance nozzle under different slag thicknesses and steel slag thermal conductivities. In addition, the gas–liquid two-phase heat transfer model was established by computational fluid dynamics numerical simulation, and the cooling effects for different types of oxygen lance nozzles were calculated by the improved model. The results show that the error rate between the calculated value of the modified model and the field measured value was reduced to 3.3%–4.6%. The nozzle with double angle and double flow design was found to be conducive to the improvement of the cooling system. In this study, the best cooling effect was obtained when the flow ratio of large nozzles and small nozzles is 60%/40% and the angle is 12°/17°.
Critical behavior of quantum Fisher information in finite-size open Dicke model
Authors: Yu Meng , Yang Yang , Xiong Hengna , Lin Xianqin
Published: May 2022

We explore the steady-state critical behavior of the finite-size open Dicke model—a model that incorporates spontaneous emission decay of the collective atomic spin states and decay of the cavity field. From the perspective of quantum information theory, we can often better characterize the quantum phase transition. In this paper, we characterize the super-radiant phase transition of the steady state of the open Dicke model by numerically calculating the quantum Fisher information (QFI). We calculate the QFI for the atomic state and the cavity field state, as well as their derivatives. We find that the QFI of the cavity field state is more sensitive to atomic decay, and is suppressed more severely in the presence of atomic decay. In contrast, the QFI of the atomic state is less sensitive to the photon loss of the cavity field.
Dislocation analysis of epitaxial InAsSb on a metamorphic graded layer using x-ray topography
Authors: Mahadik Nadeemullah A. , Svensson Stefan P.
Published: May 2022

Dislocations in compositionally graded virtual substrates and InAsSb epitaxial layers for long wavelength (8–12 μm) photodetectors have been investigated with high-resolution x-ray topography (XRT). By varying the imaging conditions, the properties of the virtual substrate and InAsSb could be individually characterized. We observe the formation of misfit dislocations near the interface predominantly along the (110) direction and with less relaxation along the (1–10) direction. The misfit dislocations do not form a uniform array of dislocations but rather appear as dislocation bundles. Threading dislocation clusters, which could limit device performance, are observed along the misfit arrays with a density ∼1 × 105 cm−2 and a total averaged density of less than 1 × 106 cm−2. The prospects for using XRT for further optimization of virtual substrate and development of low defect bulk InAsSb layers are discussed.
Targeted ubiquitination of sensory neuron calcium channels reduces the development of neuropathic pain
Authors: Sun Linlin , Tong Chi-Kun , Morgenstern Travis J. , Zhou Hang , Yang Guang , Colecraft Henry M.
Published: May 2022

Significance

Neuropathic pain affects nearly 10% of the US population, and yet current treatments with small-molecule drugs fail to adequately alleviate nociception and often produce serious side effects. High-voltage-activated calcium channels (HVACCs) are membrane proteins that are necessary for synaptic transmission in sensory neurons, and inhibiting these channels is a proven method to achieve analgesia. In this work, we used subcutaneous injection to express a genetically encoded molecule that blocks HVACCs in sensory neurons in vivo. We demonstrate that this approach effectively reduces the onset of neuropathic pain in an animal model of the disease without any observable side effects. These studies support the development of a gene therapy targeting the inhibition of HVACCs to preempt, and potentially reverse, neuropathic pain.