bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digitalisierung (nicht nur) im Dienst der Inklusion in der Lehramtsausbildung der sprachlichen Kernfächer
Authors: Blume Carolyn , Marci-Boehncke Gudrun
Published: March 2023

Aufgrund der Relevanz der Medien- bzw. digitalen Kompetenz zur Teilhabe in der digital mediatisierten Gesellschaft sind das Wissen und die Einstellung von angehenden Lehrkräften in den sprachlichen Kernfächern diesbezüglich zentrale Fragen. In den wenigen vorhandenen Untersuchungen zur Medien- oder digitalen Kompetenz sind allerdings fachbezogene Unterschiede kaum repräsentiert. Ebenso fehlen empirische Analysen zur inklusiven Medienbildung und der wahrgenommenen Relevanz dieser Themen aus Sicht der Lehrenden. Anhand paralleler Befragungen von Lehramtsstudierenden und Lehrenden in den Fächern Deutsch und Englisch wird die selbstwahrgenommene (pädagogische) Medienkompetenz sowie die Relevanz von der Medien- bzw. digitalen Bildung für inklusive Schulsettings von Studierenden untersucht und mit der thematischen Vermittlung und Relevanzerkennung durch Lehrende verglichen. Es zeigt sich ein heterogenes Bild von Lehramtsstudierenden sowohl hinsichtlich der selbstwahrgenommenen (pädagogischen) Medienkompetenz als auch der Inklusionskompetenz. Bei einer hohen erkannten Relevanz identifizieren die Studierenden den Bedarf nach gezielten Lehr-/Lerngelegenheiten. Inwiefern diese flächendeckend angeboten werden, kann aufgrund einer limitierten Rücklaufquote der Lehrenden nur bedingt eruiert werden. Es drängt sich die Frage nach den Gründen für die niedrige Beteiligung auf und ob diese Tatsache mit den Einstellungen und Kompetenzen der Lehrenden in Verbindung gebracht werden muss. Diese Frage wird in diesem Artikel eruiert, bleibt allerdings unbeantwortet.
 
AbstractDue to the relevance of media or digital competence for participation in digitally mediatized society, the knowledge and attitudes of prospective teachers in the core language subjects are central issues. In the few existing studies in this area, however, subject-related differences are rarely represented. Similarly, there is a lack of empirical analyses on inclusive media education and the perceived relevance of these topics from the perspective of their teachers, the university lecturers. Parallel surveys of pre-service teachers and university lecturers in the subjects German and English were conducted to examine students’ self-perceived media (pedagogical) competence as well as the perceived relevance of media or digital education for inclusive school settings. This was compared with how university lecturers addressed these topics and assessed their relevance for future teachers. It was found that pre-service teachers’ self-perceived media (pedagogical) competence and inclusive competence vary widely. Recognizing these topics as highly relevant, the pre-service teachers identify the need for targeted teaching/learning opportunities. The extent to which these are offered across the board can only be limitedly determined, due to a limited response rate from the lecturers. The question arises as to what attitudes and competences these lecturers hold.
Karst detection by geophysical methods using microseismic sounding
Authors:   Bulashevich Institute of Geophysics of the Ural Branch of RAS, DAVYDOV Vadim Anatolʹevich
Published: March 2023

Research aim is to test a technique for detecting buried karst using microseismic sounding based on spectral amplification of horizontal displacements. The main research tasks include the construction and analysis of geoelectric and microseismic sections. Methodology. The microseismic background was recorded using the OMAR-2s autonomous seismic station (Institute of Geophysics Ural Branch RAS, Ekaterinburg) in the frequency band 1–1000 Hz. Low-frequency horizontal seismic receivers from OYO Geospace Corporation were used as sensors. Vertical electrical sounding (VES) was carried out by a set of ERA-MAX equipment (SPC “ERA”, St. Petersburg) using a symmetrical Schlumberger installation at a frequency of 4.88 Hz, at currents of 5–50 mA. VES processing consisted in quantitative one-dimensional inversion according to the IPI2Win program (Moscow State University, Moscow). Results. Experimental and methodological work on the study of microseisms, accompanied by VES, was carried out on two karst sites of the Sverdlovsk region. Based on the results of processing, geoelectric and microseismic sections were constructed to determine the conditions of occurrence of bedrock and loose sediments covering them, as well as to identify local anomalies associated with karst manifestations. The results of electrical exploration and seismometry are in good agreement with each other and are confirmed by geological data. Conclusions. Vertical electrical sounding makes it possible to distinguish karst by the high contrast of the resistances of the host bedrock (limestone) and terrigenous filler material (clay, loam). Microseismic sounding makes it possible to delineate karst zones by high values of spectral amplification of weakly consolidated karst deposits, relatively low levels of microseisms in bedrock. Thus, on the basis of complex electrical and microseismic soundings, it is possible to confidently identify the areas of development of karst processes.
Phosphate mineralization in leucogranites of the Peshcherninsky stock (Reftinsky massif, Middle Urals)
Authors:   The Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural Branch of RAS, Korovin Dmitriy Dmitrievich
Published: March 2023

Relevance. Phosphate mineralization of Devonian intrusions in the Eastern zone of the Middle Urals is currently poorly understood, the data obtained may be important for interpreting the origin of rocks, especially in the case when standard methods of geochemical analysis of rocks do not give a clear picture. Xenotime and monazite are minerals concentrating rare earth elements, and REE distribution graphs are a very important characteristic of rocks. Objective – study of the chemical composition of phosphates in leucogranites of the Peshcherninsky stock. Research methodology. Determination of the chemical composition of the samples was carried out on a Cameca SX100 electron probe microanalyzer at the Common Use Center Geoanalyst, analyst V. A. Bulatov. The analysis was carried out at an accelerating voltage of 15 kV using crystal analyzers TAP, LPC0, LPET, PET, LLIF, LIF. The electron probe current was 10 nA (apatite) and 60 nA (REE, Th phosphates). The pulse accumulation time at the peak maximum was 10 s (for most elements) and 20 s (for REE, Th, U, Pb). During the analysis, on a Cameca SX100 electron probe microanalyzer, the following were used as standards: apatite (for analysis of the content of P, Ca), chlorapatite (Cl), fluorine-phlogopite (F), diopside (Mg, Si), albite (Na, Al), orthoclase (K), rhodonite (Mn), SrSO4 (Sr), TiO2 (Ti), Fe2 O3 (Fe), SrSO4 (Sr), BaSO4 (S), Cr2 O3 (Cr), pyromorphite (Pb) and aluminosilicate glasses doped with REE (La, Ce, Y, Sm, Pr, Nd, Th, U, Tm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Gd, Er, Yb, Lu, Ho). Due to the use of a low probe current in the analysis of apatites, the detection limits for elements were: 300–600 ppm for S, Cl, Al, Mg, Si, Ca, Na and 2000–2500 ppm for P, F, Fe, Mn, Cr. For REE phosphates, the following detection limits were achieved using an increased probe current: 100–200 ppm for Si, Ca, Cr, K, Al, Mg, Ti, Pb, 300–500 ppm for Na, S, P, Mn, Y, Th, U, 1200–1500 ppm for Sr, Nd, Ce, 1700–2000 ppm for La, Tm, Tb, 2500–2800 ppm for Yb, Dy, Lu, Pr, 3500–4700 ppm for Eu, Sm, Gd, Ho. Results. For the first time in Russia, cheralite was found and described in a plutonic rock. The article presents the first data on the chemical composition of phosphates (apatite, monazite, xenotime, cheralite) from the leucogranites of the Pescherninsky stock, which formed at the final stage of the formation of the polychronous and polyformational Reftinsky gabbro-granitoid massif. Conclusion. Apatite belongs to the fluorine variety with an admixture of manganese, monazite is represented by the cerium variety, and xenotime is represented by yttrium. Cheralite has a transitional trace element composition, and depending on the zone, it can be attributed to both cerium and yttrium varieties. The admixture of manganese in apatite may indicate partial mixing of the melt with sedimentary or metasedimentary rocks.
Scientific achievements of USMU employees in the field of searches and exploration of deposits of piezo-optical and vein quartz
Authors:   Ural State Mining University, POLENOV Yuriy Alekseevich
Published: March 2023

The study of deposits of piezo-optical and vein quartz in the Middle and Southern Urals by employees of the Ural State Mining University (Sverdlovsk Mining Institute) took place in two stages. The period of active introduction of scientific achievements of the Sverdlovsk school of quartzists under the guidance of Professor G. N. Vertushkov lasted more than 30 years – from 1950 to 1980. As a result, a method of field observations and laboratory studies of vein quartz was developed, namely, quartzometric survey, the effectiveness of which was proved by its use for 50 years. The second period of scientific study of quartz deposits proceeded from 1992 to 2020. The creative scientific team of the Department of Geology, consisting of Doctors of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences V. N. Sazonov, V. N. Ogorodnikov, Yu. A. Polenov and Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences A. N. Savicheva continued a detailed study of gold and quartz deposits. The subject of the closest attention of the authors was the connection between the processes of ore formation and changing geodynamic conditions. It has been established that many ore fields of the Ural deposits are polychronous and polygenic.
Application of lineament-geodynamic analysis for assessment of karst hazard on the example of the Chayanda–ESPO oil pipeline route
Authors:   The National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, NECHAEV Dmitriy Andreevich
Published: March 2023

The relevance of the work is due to the need to improve the methods for monitoring engineering structures of oil and gas transport in sparsely populated and hard-to-reach regions. To ensure the safe operation of pipeline systems, it is proposed to use remote sensing data to establish both the spatial position of the object and the activation centers of undesirable geological processes (karst, solifluction, landslide processes, etc.). As the main factor influencing the activation of such processes, it is definitely worth noting the tectonic disturbances of the territory. The research aimed at detecting and extracting special tectonic structures – lineaments – is today an important analytical method for finding relationships between the geodynamics of a territory and various geological processes. Purpose of the work – identification of lineaments and compilation of a general picture of tectonic activity along the pipeline route to assess their impact on the activation of karst sinkholes. Research methods. The main focus is on the construction and extraction of lineaments from a digital elevation model using the tools of the PCI Geomatica and ArcGis programs with their subsequent verification. In addition to construction, visual and analytical numerical data are presented to determine the relationship between the parameters of tectonic fracturing and karst manifestations. Results. The article presents the results of the influence of tectonics on karst manifestations within the route of an oil pipeline located in difficult engineering-geological and cryological conditions in southern Yakutia. Detailed maps of tectonic activity and distribution of lineaments in the study area have been developed, compiled on the basis of engineering-geological materials and decoding of digital elevation models (satellite images). The obtained results of the density of the general tectonic jointing showed a close connection with the previously discovered karst manifestations within the route. Conclusions. The application of an integrated approach to the consideration of geodynamic activity makes it possible to improve approaches to the description and study of territories that are complex in terms of engineering and geological parameters. Lineament-geodynamic analysis proves the need to consider tectonic fracturing as the main factor influencing karst activation.
Analysis of the main factors determining the value of the specific flow rate of a water well
Authors:   1 West Siberian Division of Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum-Gas Geology and Geophysics of the Siberian Branch of RAS, RUSAKOVA Yuliya Olegovna
Published: March 2023

Purpose of research – numerical characterization of the main factors affecting the value of the specific flow rate of a water well. The relevance of the study is due to the possibility of using the obtained functional relationships to predict the value of the specific flow rate of a water well. Research methods: interpretation of gamma logging curves of water wells, correlation of its results with the core survey data, interpolation of the obtained values over the section area, processing of hydrodynamic well testing materials, comparison of its results with the data of geophysical research, establishment of statistical relationships between the parameters. The results of the study and their application. It was found that the value of the double difference parameter of natural radioactivity of water-bearing rocks statistically significantly correlated with the value of the clay content of core samples, studied in the laboratory way, as well as with the value of water permeability of rocks determined by hydrodynamic tests wells, which allows using this parameter to characterize the filtration properties of rocks aquifer by the value of their clay content. Significant statistical relationship was obtained between the specific flow rate of the water intake well and water conductivity of water-bearing rocks, the parameter of imperfection of the well by the nature of the formation opening, as well as the parameter, numerically equal to the ratio of the well filter length to the value of the double difference parameter of natural radioactivity of rocks of its installation interval. The presence of statistical uncertainty in the relationships is due to the mutual influence of the parameters. The obtained functional relations can be used in the design of wells. Conclusions. During the study the assumption was confirmed that water intake wells with the longest water intake part, equipped in the least clayey and, accordingly, more water-permeable interval of aquifer have the least value of imperfection by nature of formation opening and are able to provide the highest specific flow rate. Such wells are the most effective in operation.
Generalized Lindblad master equation for measurement-induced phase transition
Authors: Zhou Yi-Neng
Published: March 2023

The measurement-induced phase transition (MIPT) occurs when the system is evolving under unitary evolution together with local measurements followed by post-selection. We propose a generalized version of the Lindblad master equation as a continuous equation, to describe the dynamics of the second Rényi entropy in the MIPT. This generalized Lindblad equation explicitly takes into account the post-selection in the MIPT, which is realized as the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) state projection in the equation. Also, this generalized Lindblad equation preserves the Hermitian, unit trace, and positive definiteness of the density matrix. We further use the hard-core Bose-Hubbard model as a concrete example to numerically confirm that our generalized Lindblad equation is applicable to describing the MIPT.
Çevrimsel Voltametri Tabanlı Mikroakışkan Sistem Tasarımı ve Analizi
Authors: CANPOLAT Çetin , TOGAY Yonca
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmada bir mikroakışkan sisteme entegre edilmiş biyosensörün üzerinde oluşan redoks tepkimeler çevrimsel voltammetri yöntemiyle izlenerek akışkan içerisindeki glukozun tayini yapılmıştır. Mikrokanala entegre biyosensörün tasarımı ve sonlu elemanlar analizi için Comsol Multiphysics v3.5a kullanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, yüksekliği 300 µm ve uzunluğu 1500 µm olan bir mikrokanal yüzeyine elektrot yerleştirilmiştir. Matematiksel modelleme öncelikli olarak mikrokanal boyunca sıvı akışı olmadan gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizlere mikrokanal girişine laminer akış koşulları altında bir sıvı girişi tanımlanarak devam edilerek çevrimsel voltammetri tabanlı bir mikroakışkan sistem tasarımı yapılmıştır. Biyosensörün etkinliği 0.25mM, 0.5mM, 1mM, 2mM, 4mM ve 8mM gibi farklı glukoz değerlerinde test edilmiştir. Mikrokanalın girişine tanımlanan laminar akışın debisinin biyosensörden alınan yanıta etkisinin belirlenmesi için 25 µl/dk, 50 µl/dk, 100 µl/dk ve 200 µl/dk gibi farklı debi değerlerinde çözümlemeler yapılmıştır. Elektrot uzunluğunun çevrimsel voltammetriden alınan cevaba etkisinin incelebilmesi için elektrot uzunluğu 100µm, 200µm ve 300µm olarak değiştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada laminer akış varlığında çevrimsel voltammetriden elde edilen maksimum akımın yükseldiği gözlemlenmiştir. Simülasyonlar, sıvı akış debisinin arttırılmasının biyosensörün etkinliğini arttırdığını göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma ile çevrimsel voltammetri tabanlı bir mikroakışkan sistem ile glukoz tayininin yapılabilirliği ortaya konulmuştur.
Independence of the Supervisory Board in Banks: A Comparative Analysis of Indonesian and Malaysian Law
Authors:   International Business Law, Universitas Prasetiya Mulya BSD City Kavling EdutownI.1, Jl. BSD Raya Utama No.1, BSD City, Kec. Pagedangan, Kabupaten Tangerang, Banten 15339, Elie Tanujaya Michelle
Published: March 2023

The independence of board members play a crucial role in establishing good corporate governance. This is especially important for banks compared to companies in non-financial industries as they play a key role in the nation's economy. Malaysian corporate governance carries a reputation of effective legal framework and enforcement system amongst ASEAN member states. The report by ACGA shows that Malaysian banks implement better corporate governance than banks in Indonesia. This paper seeks to find the adequacy of Indonesia’s regulation on the supervisory board independence in banks to ensure good corporate governance compared to the regulation in Malaysia. Findings to this research show that Malaysian law on independent board members are much more stringent than the requirements in Indonesia. The study also finds that the fundamental structure of the company board model (Indonesia adopts the two-tier model and Malaysia adopts the one-tier model) affects how supervision is upheld and the placement of independent board members within the company. Malaysian legal framework ensures a majority of independent members at both supervisory and managerial function, whereas Indonesian legal framework emphasizes the need for independence only at the supervisory function.
Preoperative and intraoperative risk factors of surgical wound infection in cardiac surgery: a retrospective study
Authors: Stepin A.V.
Published: March 2023

Objective: To assess the significance of preoperative and intraoperative risk factors of surgical wound infection in cardiac surgery.Methods: The retrospective study included data obtained from 1,992 medical records of patients after cardiac surgery. All patients were divided into two groups: with (n=97, 4.9%) or without (n=1,895, 95.1%) infectious complications in the postoperative period. The rate of risk factors in both groups was compared and their impact on the surgical wound infection was assessed. Risk factors were analyzed in the groups of patients with superficial and deep forms of infection.Results: In the group of patients with surgical wound infection, males are more common than among the patients without it (82.5% vs. 70.95%). Patients with infection were more likely to have an obesity (43.3% vs. 30.3% without surgical wound infection) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (24.7% vs. 13.3%, respectively). In the patients with surgical wound infection, two internal mammary arteries were used more often (29.9% vs. 17.3% without surgical wound infection), the crossover variant of using two internal mammary arteries — 55.2% vs. 34.1% without surgical wound infection. According to the results, male gender and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease increase the risk of surgical wound infection twice as much, with obesity increasing this risk by 1.76 times. Using one of the internal mammary arteries may increase the chances of surgical wound infection by 1.7 times, while using two arteries — by 3.27 times. Increasing the number of factors in one patient may increase the chances of complications by 1.31 times.Conclusion: In cardiac surgery one should assess risk factors of surgical wound infection, plan the surgery (with or without internal mammary arteries), and evaluate the probability of infection complications with personalized approach.
Received 2 February 2022. Revised 20 January 2023. Accepted 16 February 2023.
Funding: The study had no sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: The author declares no conflict of interest.
Type III endoleaks after endovascular aneurysm repair for abdominal aortic aneurysm: a case series
Authors: Kalmykov E.L. , Suchkov I.A. , Dammrau R.
Published: March 2023

Background: Owing to the increased number of endovascular aneurysm repairs (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), the number of patients requiring reinterventions for type III endoleaks is also growing.Objective: To analyze our experience in treatment of type IIIa and IIIb endoleaks after EVAR.Methods: Of 457 patients treated by EVAR between 2010 and 2019, type IIIa and IIIb endoleaks were detected in 5 (1.1%) patients: 4 men and 1 woman. Their mean age was 67.2 years.Results: Type IIIa and IIIb endoleaks were found in an average of 77.4 months after EVAR. The incidence of type III endoleaks was 1.1%. Type IIIb and IIIa endoleaks were observed in 1 and 4 cases, respectively. In one case, type IIIa endoleak resulted in a ruptured AAA. The main treatment methods were relining (n = 1), stent graft implantation (n = 4), implantation of a bifurcated stent graft into a stent graft. No intraoperative complications or perioperative mortality were reported. 100% of the interventions were successful. In the long-term follow-up period, 2 patients had reinterventions. One patient required an intervention for type IIIa endoleak on the contralateral side, and the other patient was diagnosed with type Ia endoleak after type IIIb endoleak treatment. In the long-term follow-up period, no ruptured aneurysms or deaths were reported.Conclusion: Type III endoleaks are associated with a risk of AAA rupture and require treatment. Endovascular treatment of endoleaks demonstrated good immediate results; however, due to the high risk of endoleaks requiring reintervention, further long-term follow-up is needed.
Received 18 November 2022. Revised 15 December 2022. Accepted 19 December 2022.
Informed consent: The patient’s informed consent to use the records for medical purposes is obtained.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution of the authors: The authors contributed equally to this article.
Educação escolar do Paraguai
Authors: Lopes Beatriz Gouvea , Gonçalves Josiane Peres
Published: March 2023

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar e analisar o que foi publicado em forma de livros e artigos científicos no Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamentos de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) sobre o primeiro nível da educação pública paraguaia, com ênfase para as relações de gênero, mais especificamente sobre a docência masculina no Paraguai. O trabalho, de natureza qualitativa, mostrou em seus resultados que o professor homem inicialmente era presença predominante na docência do Paraguai, porém este fator foi mudando ao longo dos anos, com o direito ao acesso à educação para as mulheres. Houve a feminização do magistério, e atualmente à docência masculina está em maior proporção na zona rural. Até o momento de finalização do presente estudo foi percebida a ausência de referenciais teóricos que abordem à docência masculina no país.
Disparidades urbano-rurais na mortalidade por subgrupos de causa nos municípios brasileiros
Authors: Martins Thalyta Cassia de Freitas , Silva José Henrique Costa Monteiro da , Guimarães Raphael Mendonça
Published: March 2023

Este artigo teve como objetivo apresentar as taxas gerais de mortalidade para os cinco principais grupos de causas de morte no Brasil, segundo aspectos urbanos e rurais. Um estudo ecológico foi realizado com dados locais do Brasil. A projeção populacional foi obtida pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Estatística e os dados de mortalidade foram coletados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade do Sistema Único de Saúde. As taxas de mortalidade para os subgrupos de causas de morte foram obtidas de acordo com o Código Internacional de Doenças. A taxa de mortalidade padronizada foi calculada para cada subgrupo de causas de óbito e, posteriormente, as cidades foram comparadas por meio do teste ANOVA. A análise dos dados para este estudo foi realizada usando R versão 3.6.0. A análise das taxas de mortalidade entre os subgrupos de causas mostrou que doenças cerebrovasculares, cânceres associados a infecções, doenças infecciosas agudas e doenças respiratórias agudas apresentaram maior mortalidade nos municípios rurais e diminuíram com o aumento do tamanho dos municípios. As doenças isquêmicas do coração, os cânceres de estilo de vida, as doenças pulmonares obstrutivas crônicas e as doenças infecciosas, por outro lado, tiveram maior magnitude em grupos de municípios tipicamente urbanos. A discussão sobre os diferenciais de mortalidade urbano-rural precisa ser melhorada. Nesse sentido, destaca-se a importância da promoção de programas de saúde pública que tenham como foco a população rural em situação de alta pobreza, como estratégia promissora para lidar com as disparidades na mortalidade.
Transição nutricional no Brasil de 2000 a 2016, com ênfase na desnutrição e obesidade
Authors: Martins Ketlen Pinheiro dos Santos , Santos Viviane Gomes dos , Leandro Bianca Borges da Silva , Oliveira Omara Machado Araujo de
Published: March 2023

A transição nutricional no Brasil traçou um caminho singular refletindo-se em adoecimentos e óbitos, principalmente nas morbidades como a desnutrição e a obesidade. Dessa forma, esse estudo descreveu análise temporal da internação e mortalidade por desnutrição e obesidade no Brasil de 2000 a 2016, de forma a investigar o comportamento e a tendência nacional. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico quantitativo descritivo de caráter exploratório cujo objetivo foi descrever a distribuição dos casos de óbitos e internações hospitalares por desnutrição e obesidade no Brasil. Para a análise dos dados, foi realizada a estratificação etária, para compreender o comportamento epidemiológico dentro dos diferentes grupos etários. Em linhas gerais, a desnutrição no Brasil apresenta uma tendência de declínio, ao longo dos anos, enquanto a obesidade segue uma tendência de aumento da sua incidência pelos próximos anos, mudando então o padrão nutricional brasileiro. Tanto a desnutrição quando obesidade, no Brasil, apresentaram comportamentos peculiares em seus extremos etários – menores de um ano de idade e os maiores de sessenta anos, pois são grupos que apresentam uma vulnerabilidade em relação às condições nutricionais abordadas.
Ciência aberta, Covid-19 e as memórias do amanhã
Authors: Ribeiro Carolina Maria Ferreira , Salcedo Diego Andres
Published: March 2023

A pesquisa teve como objetivo geral mapear as redes e mídias sociais digitais utilizadas como plataformas científicas, entre janeiro e abril de 2020, para o combate ao covid-19 em Pernambuco. Como aporte metodológico a pesquisa foi exploratória quanto aos objetivos e documental quanto aos procedimentos. Por meio da Internet quatro instituições pernambucanas e um consórcio resultaram como amostra. Uma primeira análise da amostra mostrou que essas organizações utilizaram o Facebook, o Instagram e o Twitter. Isso serviu como próprio recorte metodológico para uma segunda análise. Esta, por sua vez, verificou como cada organização utilizou o ambiente digital para registro e difusão de dados abertos sobre a Covid-19 em Pernambuco. A pesquisa conluiu, num primeiro momento que, apesar de não possuírem registro de dados desde o início da pandemia, uma das organizações antecipou-se às demais com o objetivo de estabelecer estratégias e fluxos procedimentais. Num segundo momento ficou claro que essas organizações não utilizaram a potencialidade das redes e mídias sociais na produção, circulação e difusão de dados abertos, com exceção de uma, desde abril/2020, quando a pandemia já havia se instaurado. Por fim, a pesquisa evidenciou que as plataformas digitais possibilitam, ao mesmo tempo, uma articulação entre transparência de dados abertos, práticas científicas e evidências documentais como memória da pandemia no Estado.
Anesthesia and Cancer: Something More than Avoiding Stress Response
Authors: Ruiz Juan Carlos Molina , Guerrero Orriach Jose Luis , Ponferrada Aida Raigon , Romero Molina Salvador , Josefa Gomez Maldonado
Published: March 2023

Currently, an increasing prevalence has been reported in incidences of tumor pathologies.
The influence of anesthetics drugs has been the subject of numerous studies. It has been reported that
the use of certain drugs may have an impact on prognosis and survival. By investigating the action of
these drugs on different metabolic pathways and their mechanisms of action, we can better understand
how they influence various hallmarks of carcinogenesis and determine their potential impact on cancer
progression. Some of the action pathways are widely known within oncology, being targets of specific
treatments, such as PI3k/AKT/mTOR, EGFR, and Wnt/ β-catenin.

:

This review performs a thorough dissection of the interaction between anesthetic drugs and oncological
cell lines through cell signaling pathways and genetic, immune, and transcriptomic pathways.
Through these underlying mechanisms, it aims to clarify the effect of the choice of anesthetic drug and
its potential influence on the prognosis of oncological surgery.
MT1G Regulates c-MYC/P53 Signal to Inhibit Proliferation, Invasion
and Migration and Promote Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Li Jie , Hu Qiaozhen , Li Zhongyan , Feng Kaiyu , Li Kangbao
Published: March 2023

Introduction::

Colon cancer is a common and malignant cancer featuring high
morbidity and poor prognosis.

Aim::

This study was performed to explore the regulatory role of MT1G in colon cancer
as well as its unconcealed molecular mechanism.

Methods::

The expressions of MT1G, c-MYC, and p53 were assessed with the
application of RT-qPCR and western blot. The impacts of MT1G overexpression on the
proliferative ability of HCT116 and LoVo cells were measured by CCK-8 and BrdU
incorporation assays. Additionally, transwell wound healing, and flow cytometry assays
were employed to evaluate the invasive and migrative capacities as well as the
apoptosis level of HCT116 and LoVo cells. Moreover, the activity of the P53 promoter
region was assessed with the help of a luciferase reporter assay.

Results::

It was found that the expressions of MT1G at both mRNA and protein levels
were greatly decreased in human colon cancer cell lines, particularly in HCT116 and
LoVo cell lines. After transfection, it was discovered that the MT1G overexpression
suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion but promoted the apoptosis of
HCT116 and LoVo cells, which were then partially reversed after overexpressing c-MYC.
Additionally, MT1G overexpression reduced c-MYC expression but enhanced the p53
expression, revealing that the MT1G overexpression could regulate c-MYC/P53 signal.
Elsewhere, it was also shown that c-MYC overexpression suppressed the regulatory
effects of MT1G on P53.

Conclusion::

To conclude, MT1G was verified to regulate c-MYC/P53 signal to repress
the proliferation, migration and invasion but promote the apoptosis of colon cancer cells,
which might offer a novel targeted-therapy for the improvement of colon cancer.
HDAC4-mediated Deacetylation of Glutaminase Facilitates Glioma
Stemness
Authors: Xu Gang , Qu Jianqiang , Zhang Ming
Published: March 2023

Background:

Inhibiting cancer metabolism via glutaminase (GLS) is a promising strategy
to disrupt tumor progression. However, the mechanism regarding GLS acetylation remains largely unknown.

Methods:

Mitochondrial protein isolation and glutaminase activity assay were used to examine GLS
activity. RT-qPCR, western blot, sphere-formation, ALDH activity, and tumor-initiating assays were
performed to evaluate the alteration of cell stemness. Co-IP and rescuing experiments were conducted
to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Results:

In this study, we demonstrated that GLS acetylation is a vital post-translational modification
that inhibits GLS activity in glioma. We identified GLS as deacetylated by HDAC4, a class II deacetylase.
GLS acetylation stimulated the interaction between GLS and SIRT5, thereby promoting GLS
ubiquitination and inhibiting GLS activity. Furthermore, GLS overexpression suppressed the stemness
of glioma cells, which was rescued by the deacetylation of GLS.

Conclusion:

Our findings reveal a novel mechanism of GLS regulation by acetylation and ubiquitination
that participate in glioma stemness.
Exploring the Molecular Structural Requirements of Flavonoids as Beta-
Secretase-1 Inhibitors Using Molecular Modeling Studies
Authors: More Uttam A. , Noolvi Malleshappa N. , Kumar Devendra , Tripathi Avanish
Published: March 2023

Background::

BACE1 (beta-site amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleaving enzyme) is a key
target for Alzheimer's disease research because it catalyses the rate-limiting step in the formation of
amyloid protein (Aβ). Natural dietary flavonoids have gained a lot of interest as potential Alzheimer's
therapy candidates because of their anti-amyloidogenic, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory properties.
More research is needed, however, to learn more about the specific routes through which flavonoids
may have neuroprotective benefits in Alzheimer's disease.

Objective::

Here, we report an in silico molecular modeling study for natural compounds, particularly
flavonoids, as BACE-1 inhibitors.

Methods::

The interactions of flavonoids with the BACE-1 catalytic core were disclosed by demonstrating
the predicted docking pose of flavonoids with BACE-1. The stability of flavonoids BACE-1
complex was analyzed by molecular dynamic simulation (standard dynamic cascade).

Results::

Our findings imply that these flavonoids, which have methoxy group instead of hydroxy may
be promising BACE1 inhibitors that could reduce Aβ formation in Alzheimer's disease. The molecular
docking study revealed that flavonoids e bind with the BACE1’s wide active site along with the catalytic
residues Asp32 and Asp228. Further molecular dynamic investigation revealed that the average
RMSD for all complexes ranged from 2.05 to 2.32 Å, indicating that the molecules were relatively
stable during MD simulation. The RMSD analyses demonstrate that the flavonoids were structurally
stable during the MD simulation. The RMSF was utilised to study the time-dependent fluctuation of
the complexes. The N-terminal (~2.5 Å) fluctuates less than the C-terminal (~6.5 Å). Rutin and Hesperidin
were highly stable in the catalytic region as compared to other flavonoids like Rhoifolin, Hesperidin,
Methylchalcone, Phlorizin and Naringin.

Conclusion::

We were able to justify the flavonoids' selectivity for BACE-1 and crossing BBB for the
treatment of Alzheimer's disease by using a combination of molecular modelling tools.
Biomarkers for Diabetic Nephropathy with a Focus on Kidney Injury
Molecule-1 (KIM-1)
Authors: Khonsha Fatemeh , Valilo Mohammad , Nejabati Hamid-Reza , Rahmati-Yamchi Mohammad , Mota Ali
Published: March 2023

Diabetic Nephropathy (DN), with an increasing rate of mortality and morbidity, is considered
the main cause of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). A wide spectrum of biomarkers exist
for early detection of DN, but they suffer from low specificity and sensitivity, indicating the urgent
demand for finding more effective biomarkers. Also, the pathophysiology of tubular damage and
its relation to DN are not yet completely understood. Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) is a protein
that is expressed at substantially low contents in the kidney under physiological conditions. A
number of reports have demonstrated the close relationship between urine and tissue KIM-1 levels
and kidney disorders. KIM-1 is known as a biomarker for diabetic nephropathy and renal injury. In
this study, we aim to review the potential clinical and pathological roles of KIM-1 in diabetic
nephropathy.
Computer-aided Drug Discovery Approaches in the Identification of
Natural Products against SARS-CoV-2: A Review
Authors: Junqueira Ribeiro Mariana Martinelli
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic is raising a worldwide search for compounds that could act
against the disease, mainly due to its mortality. With this objective, many researchers invested in
the discovery and development of drugs of natural origin. To assist in this search, the potential of
computational tools to reduce the time and cost of the entire process is known. Thus, this review
aimed to identify how these tools have helped in the identification of natural products against
SARS-CoV-2. For this purpose, a literature review was carried out with scientific articles with
this proposal where it was possible to observe that different classes of primary and, mainly, secondary
metabolites were evaluated against different molecular targets, mostly being enzymes and
spike, using computational techniques, with emphasis on the use of molecular docking. However,
it is noted that in silico evaluations still have much to contribute to the identification of an anti-
SARS-CoV-2 substance, due to the vast chemical diversity of natural products, identification and
use of different molecular targets and computational advancement.
Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Biomedical Applications of
Copper and Copper Oxide Nanoparticles of Plant Origin
Authors: Dhir Sarika , Verma Ravinder , Bhatt Shailendra , Garg Vandana , Dutt Rohit
Published: March 2023

The green synthesis approach using plants for the formation of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles
is biologically safe and environment-friendly as compared to various physical and chemical
methods. Various phytoconstituents present in the plants, such as phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins,
and proteins, act as potential bioresources for the formation of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles.
The most common metals/metal oxides used are silver (Ag), copper (Cu), zinc, iron, and gold.
Amongst them, copper is a comparably cheap metal than gold and silver. Copper oxide nanoparticles
have diverse applications in various fields of therapeutics. This review provides insights regarding the
bio-mediated synthesis of copper/copper oxide nanoparticles, factors affecting the synthesis, their
characterization, and the biomedical applications, mainly the antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer
activity. Although many trials and research have already been conducted, indicating the potential for
developing copper and copper oxide nanoparticles as a future drug, still, more research is needed focusing
on different ways to minimize their toxicity and improve biological efficacy.
Recent Research on Magnetic Machinery
Authors: Lu Zikang , Xie Baocheng
Published: March 2023

Background:

As a clean energy source, magnetic energy is a significant power source of mechanical
equipment, which affects the direction of control mode and mechanical structure of mechanical
equipment. Magnetic machinery is widely used in industrial power systems and automatic control
systems as the power source of mechanical equipment transmission parts or actuators. Magnetic
machinery is essential to make mechanical equipment easy to control, energy saving and environmental
protection, simple structure, and so on. In order to innovate the control mode of mechanical
equipment and optimize the types of traditional mechanical systems, magnetic machinery developed
magnetic coupling, magnetic gear, magnetic spring, and other magnetic machinery. The characteristics
of magnetic machines with different functions are analyzed based on the types of magnetic machines.
Therefore, this aspect's development and application are getting more attention in recent
years. To innovate the control mode of mechanical equipment and optimize the types of traditional
mechanical structures, magnetic types of machinery, such as magnetic coupling, magnetic gear, and
magnetic spring, are making continuous progress. New magnetic machines are also being developed.
This paper summarizes the typical patents on three kinds of magnetic machinery: magnetic
coupling, magnetic gear and magnetic spring. In addition, the advantages of existing magnetic machinery
are summarized, the current situation of magnetic machinery is analyzed, and the development
of magnetic machinery is summarized. Through the analysis of enormous patents of magnetic
coupling, magnetic gear, and magnetic spring, it is concluded that although there are many kinds of
magnetic machinery, there are no systematic and mature design theories and methods. The development
trend of magnetic machinery is also discussed. The research on magnetic machinery helps
innovate mechanical equipment's control mode and optimize the types of traditional mechanical
structures. As a result, more patents will be invented in the future.
Antimicrobial Activity of the Nanoparticle Form of Greens (Lemon, Black
Seeds or Flax) with Silver on Drug-resistant Human Pathogens
Authors: AL-Janabi Ali Abdul Hussein S. , Aldorkee Suad Yousif
Published: March 2023

Background::

Synthesizing a green source that has antimicrobial activity in nanoparticles is a
novel and exciting approach to pharmaceutical science with promising results.

Objective::

Green-silver nanoparticles (G-AgNPs) were evaluated for their antimicrobial action on drugresistant
pathogens.

Methods::

Lemon, black seeds, and flax were selected as green sources to synthesize nanoparticles
formed with silver. Physical and chemical characteristics of these preparations were identified. The antimicrobial
activities of the prepared compounds against drug-resistant clinical isolates of seven bacteria
and five fungi were identified by disk diffusion and dilution methods.

Results::

The nanoparticle characteristics were confirmed by physical and chemical measurements.
Lemon extract with silver nanoparticles (L-AgNP) showed more antimicrobial action, particularly on
Gram-positive bacteria and Candida albicans. Silver nanoparticles with black seeds (B-AgNP) and flax
(F-AgNP) had only antibacterial effects on a single bacterium (Enterobacter cloacae). Escherichia coli,
Staphylococcus aureus, and two fungi, Candida glabrata and Candida utilis, showed resistance to all
nanoparticles from plants.

Conclusion::

Lemon with silver nanoparticle is an effective plant product for use against various drugresistant
species of human pathogens. Further pharmaceutical studies are required to verify the suitability
of this form of the drug for human use. Another plant is recommended for testing against the most
resistant strains of pathogens
Magnetic Spinel Ferrite Nanoparticles: From Synthesis to Biomedical Applications
Authors: Nikolic M.V.
Published: March 2023

Spinel ferrites are a widely investigated and applied class of materials with a cubic spinel lattice structure. Their unique multifunctional properties (magnetic characteristics, tunable shape/size, large number of active surface sites, high values of specific surface area, good chemical stability, and possibilities for enhancing properties through surface modification) influenced by the synthesis procedure make them attractive for biomedical applications as magnetic nanoparticles in drug delivery to a set target, magnetic hyperthermia, tissue engineering, magnetic extraction of biological components and magnetic diagnostics. In this review, we give an overview of up-to-date synthesis procedures for obtaining magnetic spinel nanoparticles and nanocomposites with optimal properties for biomedical applications.
Applications of Magnetic Oxide Nanoparticles in Hyperthermia
Authors: Pullar R.C.
Published: March 2023

Magnetic oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are probably the most common nanomaterials in everyday biomedicine, and have been in use since the 1990’s. They are usually magnetic iron oxide NPs, made of magnetite (Fe3O4) or maghemite (γ-Fe2O3), or a mixture of the two. Both of these have the spinel structure, and other spinel ferrites such as ZnFe2O4, CoFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 are also used. For applications in magnetic hyperthermia these NPs must be below the magnetic domain size, making them superparamagnetic, which means that their magnetisation can be “switched on” by the application of an external magnetic field. Magnetic hyperthermia treatment is a form of thermotherapy which is used to kill tumour cells with thermal energy (heat) in a very localised manner, by causing magnetic oxide NPs to heat up near tumour cells. Under an applied AC magnetic field the magnetic spin of the NPs switches rapidly in direction, transforming the magnetic energy into thermal energy. Temperatures of 41-46 °C are sufficient, this localised heating elevating the temperature of tumour cells, inhibiting growth, killing them, or inducing tumour cell apoptosis. Magnetic NPs were first used in tumour thermotherapy in 1996, and since then there has been a great deal of research in this field. The treatment can be applied alone, or used in combination with other therapies such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and it has shown excellent synergistic effects in combination with anticancer drugs (chemotherapeutics).
Magnetic Nanoparticles for Immune System Related Diseases Treatment
Authors: Baudou F.G.
Published: March 2023

Nanotechnology is a continuously rising field with different and varied purposes. Nanoparticles (NPs) are defined as particles between 1 and 100 nanometers in diameter, but within this classification larger particles can be incorporated up to 500 nm. Magnetic NPs (MNPs) are generally composed with magnetic elements such as nickel, cobalt and iron, and have the ability to be manipulated through a magnetic field. Recently, these have been the subject of numerous studies because their attractive properties for several potential applications. Among them, we can include its use for diagnosis and medical treatment (theragnosis). Due to their properties, MNPs could be used with the aim of developing immunomodulatory therapies and deal with infectious diseases, cancer, allergies, autoimmune diseases, etc. The use of MNPs provides a novel tool to manipulate the immune response towards a profile according to the proposed objectives. That is why this chapter describes the interaction of MNPs with the immune system as well as its possible applications in immunomodulatory therapies.
Eritema Ab Igne Olgusu
Authors: ASMA Süheyl
Published: March 2023

Eritema ab igne (EAI) “kızarmış cilt sendromu”, “ephelis ab igne ”, ve “ephelis ignealis” olarak da adlandırılan bir retiküler eritematöz pigmentli dermatozdur. Kızılötesi radyasyona tekrarlayan ve uzun süreli maruz kalmaya bağlı olarak gelişir. Genellikle iyi seyirli olan bu cilt lezyonlarının aile hekimleri tarafından erken tanınması ve önlenmesi önemlidir. Bu olgu sunumunda, elektrik sobası kullanımına bağlı göğüs ön duvarında, her iki kol ve bacakta yaygın eritema ab igne gelişen bir hastayı sunmayı amaçladık.