bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of the Behavioral Biases of Korean Invertors on Performance with Financial Literacy as a Moderator
Authors:   IAGBT, Ko Eun-Ha , Kim Sok-Tae
Published: August 2022

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to analyze how the behavioral characteristics of Korean individual investors affect investment performance.
Design/Methodology/Approach – Through the survey method, we tried to examine the behavioral bias characteristics and behavioral bias investment decisions on performance during the COVID-19 period. Multiple regression and SPSS PROCESS were used to find the effect of the behavioral characteristics and behavioral decisions on performance with financial literacy as the moderator.
Findings – As a result of multiple regression analysis, it was found that among the biased investment characteristics, overconfidence and mental accounting statistically affect investment results. In the analysis through the SPSS PROCESS model, the level of financial literacy was found to be significant as a moderating variable, and it was also found that biased investment decision plays a role as a mediating parameter in investment performance.
Research Implications – This study is meaningful in providing insight into the behavioral investment characteristics of individual investors by presenting an empirical analysis of the behaviorally biased characteristics and behaviorally biased investment decisions of individual investors on investment performance in Korea.
Determination of Activities of Daily Living Problems in Patients with Lateral Epicondylitis and Investigation of the Relationship between Pain and Perceived Occupational Performance and Satisfaction
Authors: TORPİL Berkan , KAYA Özgür
Published: August 2022

Aim: Lateral epicondylitis is one of the most common diseases in the upper extremity that causes pain in the elbow, negatively affects activities of daily living. This study was planned to determine the activities of daily living in adults with lateral epicondylitis and to examine the relationship between pain and perceived occupational performance and satisfaction in activities of daily living.

Materials and methods: A total of 56 individuals with a diagnosis of lateral epicondylitis, 17 males and 39 females, with a mean age of 52,18±5,92 years, completed the study. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate pain, and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) was used to determine perceived occupational performance and satisfaction level.

Results: According to the VAS, the mean pain at rest of the participants was 2,40±0,72, and the mean of pain during activity was 6,14±1,11. According to COPM, the perceived occupational performance mean of the participants in activities of daily living was 4,13±1,04 and the mean satisfaction was 4,07±1,17. When the correlation between pain and activities of daily living was examined, there was no correlation between pain at rest and perceived occupational performance (r=-0,015, p=0,911) and satisfaction (r=-0,064, p=0,639). A moderately strong negative was found between pain during activity and perceived occupational performance (r=-0,729, p
EKSPLORASI REKAMAN GEMPA-GEMPA DI INDONESIA DAN KARAKTERISTIK DIRI YANG DINYATAKAN DALAM ACCELERATION BASED SEISMIC INTENSITY MEASURES (SIMs)
Authors: Pawirodikromo Widodo , Hardawati Astriana
Published: August 2022

Indonesia is a prone country to earthquake hazards. This situation is indicated by the number of earthquakes ranging from small to significant events. However, digital earthquake ground motion data are not available, making it difficult for further research. This paper aims to explore recordings of earthquakes that occurred in Indonesia, which are then presented in digital data and used to identify their damage potential in the form of Seismic Intensity Measures (SIMs). After being traced, it turned out that there were only six earthquakes whose ground acceleration time history was found through the paPers published by researchers. The earthquakes were the Mw 6.2 Yogyakarta (2006), the Mw7.6 Padang (2009), the Mw6.1 Bener Meriah Central Aceh (2013), and the Mw6.5 Pidie Jaya Aceh (2016), the Mw7.5 Palu (2018) and the Mw6.1 Malang (2021) earthquakes. The manual digitization and processing to obtain ground acceleration data every 0.01s time step are required. Eight aspects based on acceleration and two aspects based on response spectrum have been used as parameters for Seismic Intensity Measures SIMs. The exploration results show that the source of the earthquake in Sumatra is still relatively shallow, getting more profound in the Java and Nusa Tenggara subduction. The P.G.A. of the Yogyakarta earthquake is 0.272g with a total duration of more than 50 seconds. In general, according to SNI 1726, 2019, the spectrum has been able to cover all ground acceleration time histories. The Yogyakarta earthquake has the highest Earthquake Power, Arias Intensity, and Potential Destructiveness values, namely PE = 0.255 and IA = 2.201, and P.D. = 0.166.
Development of mobile billing application system for PAMDES water meter data logging
Authors: Ahmad Umar Ali , Ramdani Ikbal , Isham Fath Muhammad , Septiawan Reza Rendian , Setiady R Rogers Dwiputra , Rusdinar Angga , Dinimaharawati Ashri , Pratama Yusup Diva , Sofyan Fauzi , Alam Rifdo Shah
Published: August 2022

Along with the growth of Sindangsari's population, the water requirement in this village has increased. So, the drinking water company (PAMDES) in this village must be able to manage the available water to meet the necessities of public life. Now, the water company is still collecting and recording water meters manually. It is very risky to consider the water condition in the village because an officer can make a human error while recording the water meter's value. When the water meter recorder is damaged, the officer estimates the water meter's value. An application is needed to manage bills and record water meters to avoid this in previous studies using the Internet of Things (IoT) or mobile applications that must be sent online to the server in real-time. This solution is not suitable for the internet condition in Indonesia, which is not evenly distributed to remote villages. This study proposes to use a mobile application that can store data on mobile devices. When the internet connection is unavailable, it can be sent later when it is available again. In this study, data obtained that the condition of the meter recorder from 672 customers, 37 water meters recorder is damaged. In addition, water meter data is also obtained for the following month's bill and data on average water usage of 10,661m3 per month. With these data, it is found that the minimum water requirement is 10,661 m3 per month. It is hoped that the application for billing management and recording of PAMDES water meters in Sindangsari village, Cikoneng sub-district, Ciamis district can help increase PAMDES management capacity.
Microbial-mat colonization of modern gravel deposits in a siliciclastic coastal setting
Authors: Pan Jerónimo , Cuadrado Diana G. , Noffke Nora K.
Published: August 2022

Microbial mats are layered consortia of microorganisms colonizing surface sediments that alter their physical and chemical characteristics. The northern Patagonia coastline (Argentina) includes gravel deposits (termed rodados Patagónicos) accumulated during the Pleistocene and Holocene by high-energy hydrodynamic processes. In this area, surface sediments in a relict tidal channel (Paso Seco; 40° 38′ 27″ S, 62° 12′ 55″ W) are extensively colonized by microbial mats, appearing to overgrow exposed gravel deposits. To date, such substrates have not been reported as suitable for the development of microbial mats. The objectives of this paper are: 1) to describe the mechanisms of microbial baffling, trapping, and binding of sedimentary particles, and biostabilization that enable epibenthic microbial mats to develop on gravel substrates, 2) to relate microbial mat growth to a variety of hydrodynamic conditions, and 3) to describe resulting microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS). Our hypothesis is that the alternation of episodic seawater flooding, stagnation, and draining with subsequent subaerial exposure and desiccation are the controlling factors for mat development on gravel. Once stagnant, mud-size sediment particles settle from suspension. At the same time, an initial biofilm may become established on the bottom, using the fine-grained material as substrate. Subsequently introduced particles are baffled, trapped, and bound into the developing biofilm matrix. During the Austral winter comparatively higher values for chlorophyll a and organic matter point towards increased growth of the microbial mat during this season. With increasing coherence, the developing microbial mat may encroach onto individual pebbles, ultimately engulfing them. Eventually, a mature, epibenthic microbial mat levels the sedimentary surface. Hydrodynamic reworking during flooding produces MISS such as mat chips and flipped-over mats.
Downhole Pressure Prediction for Deepwater Gas Reservoirs Using Physics-Based and Machine Learning Models
Authors: He Jincong , Avent Matthew , Muller Mathieu , Bordessa Lauren
Published: August 2022

Pressure measurement from permanent downhole gauges (PDHGs) during extended shut ins (SIs) is a key piece of information that is often used for model calibration and reserve estimation in deepwater gas reservoirs. A key challenge in practical operation has been the failure of PDHGs within the first few years of operation. In this work, a physics-based data-driven (PBDD) model and machine learning (ML) models are developed to predict PDHG pressure and temperature measurement from the wellhead and other measurements during well SI events for deepwater dry-gas wells.

During SI events, the wellbore cools down, resulting in increased gas density and bottomhole pressure (BHP). In the PBDD model, the temperature profile in the well is modeled with a piece-wise linear model as derived from wellbore simulations. The temperature decline during cooldown is captured using a decline-curve model, with the decline-curve parameters dependent on the location. The dependency of the cooldown effect on past production is captured with a linear model. Model parameters in the PBDD model are calibrated with data. In the ML models, multiple methods are tested, and the best performing method is picked based on cross-validation results.

Two use cases are considered in this work. The first case (single well) involves predicting future SI BHP and temperature based on past PDHG measurement of the same well. Both the PBDD model and the ML model show good accuracy in blind tests for this use case. The second case involves predicting SI BHP and temperature of a well based on PDHG measurement of other wells. The PBDD model sees reduced accuracy in temperature prediction but is still reasonably accurate, while unphysical behavior is observed for the ML model even though the cross-validation score is high.

It is concluded that, comparing the two types of models, the PBDD model is constrained by physics and thus the result is more interpretable and reasonable even when extrapolating. It also can provide the entire temperature and pressure profile during SIs. However, it does come with a series of assumptions (such as dry gas with no liquid content) and needs to be modified when the problem changes. On the other hand, the ML model is easier to construct and extend to other cases but is not bounded by physics so the result could be unphysical when extrapolation occurs.
A Novel Analytical Model for Steam Chamber Rise in Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage
Authors: Huang Cunkui , Zhang Shengfei , Wang Qiang , Wang Hongzhuang , Huang Haibo , Deng Xiaohui
Published: August 2022

Fluid flow and heat transfer during steam chamber rise (ramp up) in the steam-assisted gravity-drainage (SAGD) process is very complex. The majority of existing analytical models fail to capture the physics of this stage and their estimations of oil production and steam/oil ratio (SOR) may be questionable. This paper presents a new analytical model to predict the advancing velocity of the steam chamber in the vertical direction, correlations of oil production rate and SOR, and the evolution of chamber profile during this stage using material/energy conservation and gravity-drainage theory. The new analytical model was validated against field observations, laboratory measurements, and numerical simulations. Results showed that the new analytical model not only successfully predicted oil production rate and SOR with improved reliability and accuracy but also for the first time properly predicted the chamber profiles with time during the ramp up stage. Using this model, impacts of the key parameters were investigated. The investigation revealed that permeability anisotropy had a considerable impact on development of the chamber profile. Under the constant horizontal permeability condition, the smaller the ratio of vertical to horizontal permeability, the shorter and wider the chamber profile. A small subcool control strategy could boost oil production and steam chamber growth, which is consistent with experiments and field data. Investigation also found that increasing the distance between injector and producer was beneficial for oil production. However, changing this distance may cause some operating/performance/economic problems and so should be approached cautiously. This paper represents the first time that the evolution of chamber profiles in the ramp up stage was characterized mathematically. Useful guidance for operators on improving ramp up performance can be extracted directly from this model.
A Mathematical Model of the Goldmann Applanation Tonometry
Authors: Barbaro Gaetano , Caruso Ciro
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study is to present mathematical formulas describing all forces involved in Goldmann applanation tonometry to calculate the measurement error of the true intraocular pressure as a function of the surface tension of the tear film, the corneal modulus of elasticity, the corneal thickness and the average apical corneal radius of curvature.The portion of the indented cornea has been modeled as a shell having a uniform thickness. To assess corneal behavior during applanation tonometry, the physical equations of the deformation of a symmetrical shell due to an applanating force as well as the surface tension of the tear film and intraocular pressure have been used.Formulas to calculate the true intraocular pressure, the pulling force of the tear film on the tonometer cone and the measurement error with the Goldmann applanation tonometer are provided. These mathematical models can be used to estimate the true intraocular pressure of each single patient by correcting the pressure measured with Goldmann applanation tonometry with enhanced accuracy.
Neuroendoscopic septostomy in unilateral and bilateral ventricular hydrocephalus
Authors: Armas-Melián Kevin , Ros-López Bienvenido , Gómez-Barreno Lenin , Iglesias-Moroño Sara , Arráez-Sánchez Miguel Ángel
Published: August 2022

Purpose: This study describes the results of septostomy (SPT) in terms of success and analysis of follow-up in a series of pediatric patients diagnosed with unilateral ventricular hydrocephalus (UHV) and biventricular hydrocephalus (BVH)Methods: A total of 29 pediatric patients diagnosed with UVH or BVH were included in this study. In UVH, a neuroendoscopic SPT was performed (sometimes accompanied by NEFPFMO). In those diagnosed with BVH, an SPT combined with VPS was carried out. Demographic, etiological, clinical, and diagnostic variables and percentage of treatment success were collected.Results: During follow-up, SPT was considered successful when no VPS was required in UVH and when only unilateral VPS was implanted in BVH. At the time of surgery, 16 patients needed a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The first SPT was successful in 22 patients, requiring a second surgery in 7 patients, from the oncological group diagnosed with BHV.Conclusions: The surgical management of UVH and BVH still has some disclosure points to be reviewed. However, SPT seems to be a secure, non-traumatic, and efficient procedure.
Manipulating the Diffusion Energy Barrier at the Lithium Metal Electrolyte Interface for Dendrite-free Long-life Batteries
Authors: Pokharel Jyotshna , Cresce Arthur , Pant Bharat , Gurung Ashim , He Wei , Baniya Abiral , Lamsal Buddhi , Yang Zhongjiu , Gent Stephen , Cao Ye , III William Goddard , Xu Kang , Zhou Yue
Published: August 2022

Constructing an artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on lithium metal electrode is a promising approach to address the rampant growth of dangerous lithium morphologies (dendritic and dead Li0) and low Coulombic efficiency that plague development of lithium metal batteries. But it is not known how the Li+ transfer behavior in the SEI is coupled with mechanical properties. We demonstrate here a facile and scalable solution-processed approach to form a Li3N-rich SEI with a phase-pure crystalline structure that minimizes the diffusion energy barrier of Li+ across the SEI. Compared with a polycrystalline Li3N SEI obtained from conventional practice, our phase-pure/single crystalline Li3N-rich SEI constitutes an interphase of high mechanical strength and low Li+ diffusion barrier. We elucidate the correlation among Li+ transference number, diffusion behavior, concentration gradient, and the stability of the lithium metal electrode by integrating phase field simulations with experiments. We demonstrate extreme reversibility and ultra-stable charge/discharge cycling behaviors for both symmetric cells and full lithium-metal batteries constructed using this Li3N-rich SEI. These studies provide new insight into the designing and engineering an ideal artificial SEI for stable and high-performance lithium metal batteries.
Robot-assisted laparoscopic ileal ureter replacement with extracorporeal ileal segment preparation for long ureteral strictures: a case series
Authors: Fan Shubo , Han GuanPeng , Li Zhihua , Wang Xiang , Li Xinfei , Xiong Shengwei , Li Dan , Zhang Jun , Meng Chang , Zhang Peng , Yang Kunlin , Li Xuesong , Zhou Liqun
Published: August 2022

Background
Complete intracorporal robotic ileal ureteric replacement is challenging. We aim to present the surgical technique of robotic ileal ureter replacement with extracorporeal ileal segment preparation for long ureteral strictures.
Methods
From March 2019 to March 2021, 18 patients underwent robotic ileal ureter replacement with extracorporeal ileal segment preparation by one experienced surgeon. The demographic, perioperative, and follow-up data were recorded. Success was defined as resolution of the presenting symptom, a stable estimated glomerular filtration rate and unobstructive drainage in imaging examination.
Results
All 18 surgeries were successfully completed without conversion. The median length of the intestinal tube used was 20(12–30) cm. The median operative time was 248(170–450) min, the median estimated blood loss was 50(10–200) mL, and the median postoperative hospital stay was 7 (5–27) days. At a median follow-up of 16(13–28) months, all patients were symptom-free. No or mild hydronephrosis was confirmed in 17 patients; 1 patient had moderate hydronephrosis without peristalsis of the ileal ureter. The renal function was stable in all patients. The overall success rate was 100%. Postoperative complication including 4 cases of urinary infection (Grade I), 1 case of incision hernia (Grade I), 4 cases of kidney stone formation (Grade I), 6 cases of metabolic acidosis (Grade I), 4 cases of incomplete ileus (Grade II) and 1 case of incision infection (Grade IIIb).
Conclusions
Robot-assisted laparoscopic ileal ureter replacement with extracorporeal ileal segment preparation is safe, feasible, and effective for the treatment of long ureteral strictures.
Effects of near-fault pulse-type ground motion on train-track-bridge coupled system with nonlinear supports
Authors: Zhou Tuo , Jiang Lizhong , Xiang Ping , Liu Xiang
Published: August 2022

Researches have revealed that Under the excitations of near-fault pulse-type (NFPT) earthquakes, the elastic-plastic deformation occurs on bridge structures, which leads to significant challenge of high-speed railway running safety performance. This paper is mainly focuses on the dynamic responses of train-track-bridge coupled system (TTBCS) under NFPT ground motions. With nonlinearities of supports being modelled in the TTBC model (TTBCM), the comparison between linear model and nonlinear model reveals the necessity of nonlinearity when conducting TTBCS numerical simulation under NFPT ground motions. Moreover, the dynamic responses of TTBCS arisen by NFPT ground motions are investigated and discussed on the basis of pulse parameters analysis, and relevant conclusions about potential relationship between pulse parameters and running train are given. Based on parameters analysis, a multiple-parameter regression between spectral intensity (SI) and pulse parameters is conducted, with the combination of running safety assessment (RSA) criteria including Nadal, wheel unloading, and wheel lift, suggestion from RSA perspective under NFPT ground motions are proposed as well.
Strategy for Diabetes Mellitus and Climate Crisis: Amines Mimic Insulin, and Noble CO 2 Capture and Release
Authors: Sorimachi Kenji
Published: August 2022

Defects in insulin secretionin vivolead to hyperglycemia, type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), and either insufficient insulin secretion or insulin resistance, which induces type 2 DM. Although several anti-type 2 DM drugs are available, to our knowledge, anti-type 1 DM drugs have not been developed. Amines have been studied as candidate drugs against type 1 DM, because other basic compounds, such as carbonates (NaHCO3and NaCO3), accelerate glucose consumption in cultured cells. We evaluated more than 20 chemical compounds, including pharmacological drugs, in cultured cells. Among these, 2-amino-1-phenylethanol (2-A-1-PET), 2-amino-1-cyclohexylethanol (2-A-1-CET) and 2-amino-N-cyclohexylethanol (2-A-N-CET) significantly accelerated glucose consumption, which was followed by lactate production in cells. Moreover, treatment with 2-A-1-PET reduced glucose levels in rats. In cells, both 2-A-1-PET and 2-A-N-CET abolished the effects of DM-inducing drugs, such as streptozotocin and alloxan, and nicotinamide, on glucose consumption, whereas both 2-A-1-PET and 2-A-N-CET exerted additive effects with vanadium, carbonates, or concanavalin A on glucose consumption. Furthermore, water solutions of 2-A-1-PET and ethanolamine captured atmospheric CO2efficiently in a polyethylene terephthalate bottle, and the CO2captured by 2-A-1-PET or polyethyleneimine on silica gel was released upon acidification with additional HCl. CaCO3precipitation, which is stable and environmentally friendly, was observed when CaCl2was added to the amine solution containing captured CO2. Consistently, CaCO3was obtained when CaCl2was added to NaOH solution treated with CO2.
Energy Analysis on Using Airflow through a Porous Medium as Coolant of Photovoltaic Module; An Experimental Research
Authors: Firoozzadeh Mohammad , Shiravi Amir Hossein , Hodaei Sahar
Published: August 2022

The global energy crisis has convinced all governments to invest more in the use of renewable and sustainable energy sources. To achieve this goal, solar energy is more attractive due to its accessibility in most parts of the earth. Photovoltaic (PV) modules are used to convert sunlight into electricity. This technology has an important drawback, as the increase in PV cell temperature significantly reduces its electrical efficiency. This article provides a solution to overcome this issue to some extent. In this regard, the effects of using both porous media and wind stream are evaluated, experimentally. Three different thicknesses of aluminum porous medium 0.5, 2 and 4 cm are investigated with and without wind blowing at 2 km/h. The results indicate that the proposed cases pull down the module temperature between 3.9 ̊C to 18.3 ̊C. From energy point of view, when the 4 cm porous medium is used, 2.7% and 6.6% enhancement are attained in electrical efficiency and output power, respectively. The second law of thermodynamics was also applied and the maximum drop of 8.3% in entropy generation was calculated. The last part of this paper reports an overall comparison of the present results with those of other similar experimental papers.
The adjusted impact of different severities of acute exacerbations and medications on the risk of suffering dementia in COPD patients
Authors: Chia Kuo-Hua , Chang Yao-Yuan , Chen Tren-Yi , Hsieh Pei-You , Huang Cheng-Chieh , Lee Tsung-Han , Chen Cheng Hsu , Chen Wen-Liang , Chou Chu-Chung , Lin Yan-Ren
Published: August 2022

Background: Although a relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and dementia has been reported, the initial severity upon emergency department (ED) visits and the medications used (for COPD) are not well evaluated as risk factors for increasing (or decreasing) dementia occurrence. We aimed to analyze the impact of different severities of COPD acute exacerbations (AEs) and different medications on the risk of suffering dementia in COPD patients.Method: This study was a 5-year follow-up of the Taiwanese government deidentified health-care database (from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2010). The study group included 51,318 patients who were diagnosed with COPD and 51,318 matched (in terms of age, sex, and the number of hospital visits) non-COPD patients from the remaining patients as the control group. Each patient was followed up for 5 years to analyze the risk of dementia with Cox regression analysis. Demographics, baseline comorbidities, medications (antibiotics, bronchodilators, corticosteroids), and the severity upon initial ED visit (only ED treatment, hospital admission, or ICU admission) were all considered confounding factors between the two groups.Results: Among the study and control groups, 1,025 (2.0%) and 423 (0.8%) patients suffered from dementia, respectively. The unadjusted HR for dementia was 2.51 (95% CI: 2.24-2.81) in the study group. Bronchodilator treatments obviously decreased the HRs, especially in those who received long-term (>1 month) treatment (HR=2.10, 95% CI: 1.91-2.45). Furthermore, among 3,451 COPD AE patients who initially visited the and ED, patients who required ICU admission (n=164, 4.7%) were at a very high risk of dementia occurrence (HR=11.05, 95% CI: 7.77-15.71).Conclusion: Long-term bronchodilator administration was associated with a decreased risk of suffering dementia. More importantly, patients who suffered COPD AEs and initially visited the ED and required ICU admission were at a very high risk of developing dementia.
A comparative study of midstream urine culture and stone culture in patients undergoing ureteroscopic stone removal
Authors: Godse Sugam , Mahabadi Mohammadjavad Ashrafi , Kumar Anuj
Published: August 2022

Background
The purpose of this study was to see the correlation between urine and stone cultures in individuals who had ureteroscopic stone removal.
Methods
This is a prospective comparative observational study of patients who had ureteroscopic stone removal from September 2019 to March 2021. A total of 50 patients were included in our study. Midstream urine sample was collected 7 days before surgery and sent for culture, stone collected during surgery were also sent for culture. The association between preoperative urine culture and intraoperative stone culture, as well as the bacterial flora in both cultures, was investigated.
Results
64% of patients were males, and 36% were females.16% of patients had positive urine culture compared to 42% positive stone culture.12% of patients were positive for both stone and urine culture. Only 4% of the time, the bacteriological investigation revealed the same pathogen. E. coli was the most common pathogen in urine culture, while enterobacter was the commonest organism in stone culture. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy of urine culture versus stone culture were calculated to be 28.57 percent, 93.10 percent, 75 percent, 64.28 percent, and 66 percent, respectively.
Conclusions
Pre-operative urine cultures have a low predictive value and diagnostic accuracy for infective organisms in ureteric stones. As a result, stone culture should be incorporated into standard procedures for stone removal during endourological surgery.
SecureFed: Federated learning empowered medical imaging technique to detect COVID-19 using chest x-rays
Authors: Makkar Aaisha , Santosh KC
Published: August 2022

Machine learning is an effective and accurate technique to diagnose COVID-19 infections using image data, and chest X-Ray (CXR) is no exception. Considering privacy issues, machine learning scientists end up receiving less medical imaging data. Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed machine learning paradigm that generates an unbiased global model that follows local model (from clients) without exposing their personal data. In case of heterogeneous data among clients, vanilla or default FL mechanism still introduces an insecure method for updating models. Therefore, we proposed SecureFed – a secure aggregation method – which ensures the fairness and the robustness. In our experiments, we employed COVID-19 CXR dataset (of size 2100 positive cases) and compared with the existing FL frameworks such as FedAvg, FedMGDA+, and FedRAD. In our comparison, we primarily considered robustness (accuracy) and fairness (consistency). As the SecureFed produced consistently better results, it is generic enough to be considered for multimodal data.
Hippocampal mechanisms of false recall
Authors: Herz Noa , Bukala Bernard , Kragel James , Kahana Michael
Published: August 2022

Failure of contextual retrieval can lead to false recall, wherein people retrieve an item or experience that occurred in a different context, or did not occur at all. Whereas the hippocampus is thought to play a crucial role in contextually-mediated retrieval, the neural process leading to false recalls is not yet understood. Using direct electrical recordings from the human hippocampus, we investigate the neural mechanisms underlying the false recall phenomenon. In two large datasets, we characterize key physiological differences between correct and false recalls, emerging immediately prior to vocalization. By differentiating between false recalls that share high or low contextual similarity with the target context, we identify the neural process underlying retrieval of item-context associations. Applying multivariate decoding methods, we were able to reliably predict whether the to-be-recalled item would be a veridical or false memory. Our findings provide a mechanistic insight into the process of retrieving context-bound memories, and open new avenues for interventions aimed at reducing false recalls when those lead to functional impairment.
Effects of Nonnutritive Sweeteners on Body Composition Changes during Pubertal Growth
Authors: Chien Yu-Hsin , Chen Yang-Ching
Published: August 2022

Background/Objectives: The effects of consuming specific types of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNSs) on adiposity changes for children remained unexplored. We aim to investigate the effects of different kinds of NNSs intake on long-term adiposity changes during pubertal growth. Furthermore, we examine the above relationships among different sex, pubertal stages, and levels of obesity.Subjects/Methods: The 1893 adolescents aged 6–15 years old were recruited and were followed-up every 3 months. The NNS-FFQ (Food Frequency Questionnaire) and urine samples were collected to investigate the sweeteners, including acesulfame potassium, aspartame, sucralose, glycyrrhizin, steviol glycosides, and sorbitol. Multivariate linear mixed-effects models were used to examine the relationship between NNS intake and body composition.Results: The consumption of aspartame, sucralose, glycyrrhizin, stevioside, and sorbitol were associated with decreased fat mass and increased fat-free mass. Particularly, aspartame and sorbitol revealed a dose-responsiveness effect. The above finding was more prominent among girls than boys. Moreover, the fat mass was significantly reduced in normal-weight children who consumed a moderate amount of aspartame, a large amount of glycyrrhizin, and sorbitol, compared with obese children. Conclusions: NNS-specific and sex-specific effects of long-term NNS consumption revealed a decreasing fat mass and increasing fat-free mass for children undergoing pubertal growth.
p/n-Type Polymeric Ionic Gels with Stretchability, Thermal Stability, and Operability in Ambient Environments for Thermoelectrics
Authors: Kim Sungryong , Ham Mirim , Lee Junwoo , Kim Jungsu , Lee Hyunjung , Park Taiho
Published: August 2022

Although ionic hydrogels have been developed recently for innovative wearable electronics, they necessitate high humidity to diffuse ions in water, which negatively impacts their performance in harsh conditions (e.g., high temperature and dry environments). In this study, a series of p- and n-type polymeric ionic gels (PIGs) with different ratios of ionic side chains are synthesized to allow only single-type ions to pass through them. The results demonstrate that our stretchable PIGs are transparent, thermally robust up to 125°C, and self-healing. Among the series of PIGs, p- and n-type PIGs with 75% ion moieties (P75 and N75) exhibit the optimum ionic conductivity (4.1×10− 4 and 2.7×10− 4 S cm-1) and ionic Seebeck coefficients (5.84, and − 4.18 mV K-1) under ambient conditions (25°C and RH of 30%), resulting in ZTi values of 1.87×10− 3 and 1.18×10− 3. Accordingly, P(([EMIM+][SPA])0.75-r-MA0.25) (P75) and P(([APTA][TFSI-])0.75-r-MA0.25) (N75) are used to achieve stretchable thermoelectric energy generators (TEGs) with stable operability under ambient conditions (RH of 30%), satisfying all of the requirements. TEGs with five pairs of p/n couples exhibit a thermovoltage of up to ~ 0.8 V.
Square cavity flow driven by two mutually facing sliding walls
Authors: An Bo , Bergada Josep M. , Sang Weimin , Li Dong , Mellibovsky Fernando
Published: August 2022

We investigate the flow inside a two dimensional square cavity driven by the motion of two mutually facing walls independently sliding at different speeds. The exploration, which employs the lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM), extends on previous studies [1–3] that had the two lids moving with the exact same speed in opposite directions. Unlike, there, here the flow is governed by two Reynolds numbers\((R{e_T},R{e_B})\)associated to the velocities of the two moving walls. For convenience, we define a bulk Reynolds number (\(Re=\sqrt {R{e_T}^{{\text{2}}}{\text{+}}R{e_B}^{{\text{2}}}}\)) and quantify the driving velocity asymmetry by a parameter\(\alpha ={\text{atan2}}(R{e_B},{\text{ }}R{e_T})\). The parameter\(\alpha\)has been defined in the range \(\alpha \in [ - {\pi \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {\pi 4}} \right. \kern-0pt} 4},0]\) and a systematic sweep in Reynolds number has been undertaken to unfold the transitional dynamics path of the two-sided wall-driven cavity flow. In particular, the critical Reynolds numbers for Hopf and Neimark-Scaker bifurcations have been determined as a function of \(\alpha\). The eventual advent of chaotic dynamics and the symmetry properties of the intervening solutions are also analysed and discussed. The paper unfolds for the first time the full bifurcation scenario as a function of the two Reynolds numbers, and reveals the different flow topologies found along the transitional path.
Evaluation of the chinaberry extract against the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Merick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in vitro
Authors: Rasouli Fatemeh , Abbasipour Habib , Rezazadeh Alireza
Published: August 2022

The tomato leaf miner (TLM),Tuta absoluta(Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is a important pest on tomato, potato and other Solanaceous with a huge economic importance. The discovery of active compounds that are less persistent will be beneficial to both the environment and agricultural product consumers. Management of the pest can be problematic, especially when the infestation pressure is high. In the current study, contact toxicity of the hexane extract from the chinaberry tree,Melia azedarachL. (MA) fresh fruit on the developmental stage of egg, the 2nd larval instars and pupae ofT. absolutawere evaluated in the laboratory condition, 27 ± 2oC, 65 ± 5% RH and 16L:8D hours photoperiods. Results indicated that with increasing the concentration of the extract, mortality of eggs, larvae and pupae also increased. Analysis of probit data showed that LC50for MA extract in egg, 2nd instar larvae and pupae were 948.93, 346.72 and 1.75 µl/ml, respectively. The results showed that this extract has a high potential for controllingT. absolutain open and closed environments and is recommended to protect the environment and users' health.
Molecular surveillance of artemisinin resistance-related pfK13 and pfcrt polymorphisms in imported Plasmodium falciparum isolates reported in eastern China from 2015–2019
Authors: Kong Xiangli , Feng Jun , Xu Yan , Yan Ge , Zhou Shuisen
Published: August 2022

Background
The artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) was recommended as the first line drugs by the World Health Organization to treat uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum. However, the emergence and spread of P. falciparum resistant to artemisinins and their partner drugs is a significant risk for the global effort to reduce disease burden facing the world.
Method
A retrospective study was conducted to explore the prevalence and spatial distribution of pfK13 and pfcrt polymorphisms among imported P. falciparum isolates in years 2015–2019 in Shandong Province in eastern China. Individual epidemiological information was collected from a web-based reporting system were reviewed and analysed.
Results
A total of 425 P. falciparum blood samples in 2015–2019 were included and we found that 7.3% (31/425) carried pfK13 mutations. Out of the isolates that carried K13 mutations, 54.8% (17/31) were nonsynonymous polymorphisms. The mutant allele A578S, Q613H, C469C, and S549S in pfK13 were the more frequently detected allele, the mutation rate was the same as 0.7% (3/425). Another allele pfK13C580Y, closely associated with artemisinin (ART) resistance, was found as 0.5% (2/425), which was found in Cambodia. About 45.2% (14/31) of the P. falciparum isolates had pfK13 mutations resembled those from Western Africa. For the pfcrt gene, T76T356 and T76 were more frequent in all 13 different haplotypes with 4.7% (20/425) and 4.2% (18/425) that identified in 77 isolates (18.1%, 77/425). The CVIET and CVIKT mutant at loci 72–76 have exhibited a prevalence of 3.5% and 0.7%, respectively. The CVIET were mainly distributed in Congo (5.2%, 4/77) and Mozambique (5.2%, 4/77). No mutations were found at loci 97, 101 and 145. For polymorphisms at locus 356, a total of 24 isolates were identified and mainly from Congo (29.2%, 7/24).
Conclusion
These findings indicate a low prevalence of pfK13 in the African isolates, while the mutations related to piperaquine (PPQ) resistance remain at a certain level. Therefore, continuous molecular surveillance of pfcrt mutations and in vitro susceptibility tests related to PPQ are necessary.
A Raspberry Pi Based Hardware Implementations of Various Neuron Models
Authors: Yucedag Vedat Burak , Dalkiran Ilker
Published: August 2022

The implementation of biological neuron models plays an important role to understand brain functionality and robotic applications. Analog and digital methods are preferred during implementation processes. The Raspberry Pi (RPi) microcontroller/microprocessor has the potential to be a new platform that can easily solve complex mathematical operations, does not have memory limitations, which will take advantage while realizing biological neuron models. In this paper, Hodgkin-Huxley (HH), FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN), Morris-Lecar (ML), Hindmarsh-Rose (HR), and Izhikevich (IZ) neuron models, which are the most popular in the literature, have been both implemented on a standard equipped RPi and simulated on MATLAB. For the numerical solution of each neuron model, the one-step method (4th Runge-Kutta (RK4), the new version of Runge-Kutta (RKN)), the multi-step method (Adams-Bashforth (AB), Adams-Moulton (AM)), and predictor-corrector method (Adams-Bashforth-Moulton (ABM)) are preferred to compare results. The implementation of HH, ML, FHN, HR, and IZ neuron models on RPi and the comparison of RK4, RKN, AB, AM and ABM numerical methods in the implementation of neuron models were made for the first time in this study. Firstly, MATLAB simulations of the various behaviours which belong to HH, ML, FHN, HR, and IZ neuron models were completed. Then those models were realized on RPi and the outputs of the models are experimentally produced. The error values between the simulation and implementation results were calculated and also presented in the tables. The experimental results show that RPi can be considered as a new tool to realize complex neuron models.
Multi-omics regulatory networks reveal the key driver genes in the development of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Liu Shenghua , Liu Jiachen , Yu Zhaomei , Qiu Xiaorui , Jiang Rundong , Li Weizheng
Published: August 2022

BackgroundType 2 diabetes (T2D) onset is a complex, organized biological process with multilevel regulation, and its physiopathological mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. This study aims to find out the hub genes and pathways involved in the pathogenesis of T2D through multi-omics analysis.MethodsThe datasets used in the experiments com-prise three groups: (1) genomic (2) transcriptomic, and (3) epigenomic categories. Then, a series of bioinformatics technologies including Marker set enrichment analysis (MSEA), weighted key driver analysis (wKDA), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was performed to identify hub genes. The hub genes were further verified by the Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) Curve analysis and Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The multi-omics network was applied to four databases (the Pharmomics pipeline in Mergeomics, Connectivity Map, the Drug Gene Interaction Database, and the L1000 Fireworks Display) to identify drug candidates for T2D treatment. Then, we used the drug-gene interaction network STITCH to conduct network pharmacological analysis.Results MSEA revealed a significant enrichment of immune-related activities and glucose metabolism. Ten hub genes ( PSMB9, COL1A1, COL4A1, HLA-DQB1, COL3A1, IRF7, COL5A1, CD74, HLA-DQA1, and HLA-DRB1 ) were selected by Cytoscape. Among these, COL5A1, IRF7, CD74 , and HLA-DRB1 were verified to have the capability to diagnose T2D, and expression levels of PSMB9 and CD74 had significantly higher in T2D patients. We further predict the transcription factor (TF) binding specificity of hub gene. Besides, based on multi-omics networks, 19 compounds are considered to possess T2D-control potential, such as VX-702. The results of network pharmacological analysis show that VX-702 may affect the IL-17 and TNF signaling pathways, thereby influencing the development of T2D. ﻿Conclusions We identified PSMB9 and CD74 as hub genes of T2D based on MSEA, wKDA, and PPI network analysis, which have provided insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms and promising therapeutic perspective of T2D.
Simultaneous photoautotrophic production of DHA and EPA by Tisochrysis lutea and Microchloropsis salina in co-culture
Authors: Thurn Anna-Lena , Stock Anna , Gerwald Sebastian , Weuster-Botz Dirk
Published: August 2022

Marine microalgae have received much attention as a sustainable source of the two health beneficial omega-3-fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5). However, photoautotrophic monocultures of microalgae can only produce either DHA or EPA enriched biomass. An alternative may be the photoautotrophic co-cultivation of Tisochrysis lutea as DHA-producer with Microchloropsis salina for simultaneous EPA production to obtain EPA- and DHA-rich microalgae biomass in a nutritionally balanced ratio. Photoautotrophic co-cultivation processes of T. lutea and M. salina were studied, applying scalable and fully controlled lab-scale gas-lift flat-plate photobioreactors with LED illumination for dynamic climate simulation of a repeated sunny summer day in Australia (day-night cycles of incident light (PAR) and temperature). Monocultures of both marine microalgae were used as reference batch processes. Differences in the autofluorescence of both microalgae enabled the individual measurement, of cell distributions in co-culture, by flow cytometry. The co-cultivation of T. lutea and M. salina in artificial sea water with an inoculation ratio of 1:3 resulted in a balanced biomass production of both microalgae simultaneously with a DHA:EPA ratio of almost 1:1 (26 mgDHA gCDW−1, and 23 mgEPA gCDW−1, respectively) at harvest after depletion of the initially added fertilizer. Surprisingly, more microalgae biomass was produced within 8 days in co-cultivation with an increase in the cell dry weight (CDW) concentration by 31%, compared to the monocultures with the same amount of light and fertilizer. What is more, DHA-content of the microalgae biomass was enhanced by 33% in the co-culture, whereas EPA-content remained unchanged compared to the monocultures.
Host Age Structure Defines Interactions with Pathogens: Grandparent Effect under Collaboration and Virulent Mutualism under Competition
Authors: Portner Carsten O.S. , Rong Edward G. , Ramirez Jared A. , Wolf Yuri I. , Bosse Angelique P. , Koonin Eugene V. , Rochman Nash D.
Published: August 2022

Background: Symbiotic relationships are ubiquitous in the biosphere. Inter-species symbiosis is impacted by intra-specific distinctions, in particular, those defined by the age structure of a population. Older individuals compete with younger individuals for resources despite being less likely to reproduce, diminishing the fitness of the population. Conversely, however, older individuals can support the reproduction of younger individuals, increasing the population fitness. Parasitic relationships are commonly age structured, typically, more adversely affecting older hosts.Results: We employ mathematical modeling to explore the differential effects of collaborative or competitive host age structures on host-parasite relationships. A classical epidemiological compartment model is constructed with three disease states: susceptible, infected, and recovered. Each of these three states is partitioned into two compartments representing young, potentially reproductive, and old, post-reproductive, hosts, yielding 6 compartments in total. In order to describe competition and collaboration between old and young compartments, we model the reproductive success to depend on the fraction of young individuals in the population. Collaborative populations with relatively greater numbers of post-reproductive hosts enjoy greater reproductive success whereas in purely competitive populations, increase of the post-reproductive subpopulation reduces reproductive success. However, in competitive populations, virulent pathogens preferentially targeting old individuals can increase the population fitness.Conclusions: We demonstrate that, in collaborative host populations, pathogens strictly impacting older, post-reproductive individuals can reduce population fitness even more than pathogens that directly impact younger, potentially reproductive individuals. In purely competitive populations, the reverse is observed, and we demonstrate that endemic, virulent pathogens can oxymoronically form a mutualistic relationship with the host, increasing the fitness of the host population. Applications to endangered species conservation and invasive species containment are discussed.