bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Procesos logísticos de un centro nacional de repuestos, mediante técnicas de simulación y almacenamiento LEAN
Authors: Casadiego A. Carlos , Mapelli S. María L.
Published: March 2021

El presente artículo tiene como mostrar una propuesta soluciones de mejoras en los procesos logísticos de un almacén de autopartes. La metodología empleada fue a través de un modelo de simulación construido en el programa ARENA®, para así evaluar y determinar las actividades que podrían ser mejoradas y estimar el impacto de las distintas propuestas en el entendimiento del sistema en estudio. Posteriormente, se selecciona la configuración más conveniente, complementando con la filosofía Lean. Se llega a la conclusión de que la mejor configuración para aumentar el desempeño del almacén es anexar un elevador entre el almacén B y C, adquisición de dos (2) montacargas, surtido semanal y mensual de los almacenes B y C, respectivamente. Finalmente, se realiza una redistribución de operadores para balancear la carga de trabajo entre ellos, siendo los resultados esperados del almacén, que el tiempo promedio que tarda un pedido desde que llega hasta que se despacha sea de 5,966 días, un 5,43% de los pedidos se despachen incompletos y el 14,693% de los pedidos se despachen después de 15 días.
Análisis comparativo entre el diseño de losa tradicional de hormigón armado y losa postensada con adherencia
Authors: Velásquez Santiago
Published: March 2021

El hormigón presforzado trata de una estructura, antes de la aplicación de las cargas de diseño solicitantes. En forma tal que mejore su comportamiento en general en estado de servicio, aunque los principios y técnicas se han aplicado a estructuras de muchos tipos y materiales. La aplicación más común ha tenido en el diseño del concreto estructural, planteando una alternativa de diseño respecto al hormigón armado tradicional. El objetivo es el aumento de la resistencia a tracción del hormigón, introduciendo un esfuerzo de compresión interno que contrarreste en parte el esfuerzo de tracción que producen las cargas de servicio en el elemento estructural. El éxito del hormigón postensado no habría sido posible de no haber conservado la esencia del hormigón armado: economía frente a otras soluciones resistentes y adaptabilidad a toda forma de formas estructurales principales. Se realizó un análisis comparativo entre el diseño de una losa tradicional de hormigón armado y una losa postensada con adherencia, exponiendo las ecuaciones, procesos de diseños, esfuerzos en diferentes estados, constructibilidad, obteniendo como resultado del análisis las ventajas y desventajas que pudiesen existir entre ambos sistemas.
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern Among Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Wound Cultures in Burn Patients: A Five-Year Study
Authors: Askarpour Bahram , Sedaghat Alireza , Hazrati Nazanin , Ahmadabadi Ali , Youssefi Masoud , Khadem-Rezaiyan Majid , Abdollahpour Nooshin
Published: March 2021

Background: Burn remains a globally significant life-threatening problem, especially in developing countries, and infection is considered as a major complication among burn patients. The rate of antibiotic-resistant bacteria isolated from burn patients has demonstrated a significant increase. In this regard, this study aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients’ burn wound infections. Methods: All available wound cultures of burn patients admitted to the burn unit of Emam-Reza hospital/ Mashhad, northeast Iran from March 2012 to March 2017 were included in this retrospective study. Then, the resistance of isolated S. aureus strains against 25 different antibiotic disks was studied based on the aim of the study. Results: Overall, 1973 patients were admitted, out of whom 4758 swab samples were taken from them. Out of 3188 micro-organisms isolated from burn wound cultures, 185 (5.8%) cases were S. aureus. Based on the results, the highest susceptibility rates were related to vancomycin (98.8%), cefazolin (72%), ciprofloxacin (75%), and gentamicin (74.6%). Conclusions: In general, vancomycin, cefazolin, and ciprofloxacin appeared to be the most effective agents among all tested antibiotics for S. aureus. The extensive use of antibiotics in treating infections has resulted in the emergence of resistant strains. Routine microbiological surveillance and careful in vitro testing before antibiotic use may help in the prevention of the ever-increasing antibiotic-resistant pathogens in burn infections.
Clinical Effectiveness of Ertapenem Versus Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Patients With Mild to Moderate Intraabdominal Infections: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Pezeshki Mehran , Soleymani Fatemeh , Seyedifar Meysam
Published: March 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to search for randomized clinical trials evaluating the clinical effectiveness of ertapenem compared to piperacillin/tazob actam in adult patients with mild to moderate intra-abdominal infections. Design: A literature review was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases in order to find articles published up to April 2019. Then, the pairwise method was used to compare the difference between the mean score of the clinical effectiveness of these two interventions before and after the intervention by the means of a non-direct method (the comparison of drugs with each other). Results: The analysis of 4 studies involving 767 patients in the ertapenem group and 728 patients in the piperacillin/tazobactam group showed that ertapenem can be 3% more effective than piperacillin/tazobactam (Weighted mean differences = 3.02, confidence interval (0.79-6.84) although the difference was insignificant (I-squared = 0.0%, P=0.98) Conclusions: In general, the findings demonstrated that there is no significant difference in the clinical effectiveness of ertapenem in comparison with piperacillin/tazobactam in adult patients with mild to moderate intra-abdominal infections.
Iranian Dentists’ Knowledge of Post-exposure Prophylaxis Against HBV, HCV, and HIV
Authors: Amirchaghmaghi Maryam , Keshavarz Hooman , Haghdadi Farid
Published: March 2021

Background: Dentists are at higher risk of exposure to blood-borne pathogens including HBV (hepatitis B virus), HCV (hepatitis C virus), and HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge about post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) against HBV/HCV/HIV among the general dentists working in Mashhad in 2016. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a random sample (141 persons) of the general dentists working in Mashhad. The data gathering tool in this study was a self-administered questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed by a group of relevant specialists. The reliability of the questionnaire was also tested by a test-retest method with a two-week interval. The agreement between the two steps (test and retest) was at least 70%, and Cronbach’s alpha was 0.74. The total score of each person’s knowledge ranged from -20 to +20. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t test were used for statistical analyses. Results: Out of 141 dentists selected randomly, 101 subjects (69.3% male) participated in the study. The mean age of the participants was 42.3 years, And the mean duration of dental practice experience was 16.3 years. Regarding the mean age (P = 0.11), and the mean duration of dental practice experience (P = 0.12), there was no statistically significant difference between the two genders. The mean score of knowledge among the participants was -2.8, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two genders in this regard (P = 0.72). Conclusions: This study indicated that the level of knowledge about PEP against HBV/HCV/HIV was very low among the general dentists working in Mashhad. Therefore, improving knowledge of general dentists working in Mashhad through appropriate educational interventions seems necessary.
Eagle's syndrome: A case report of a 39-year-old male
Authors: Pakdel Farzaneh , Hossinpour Sarmadi Maryam , Payahoo Salar , Jabbari Golchin , Javadzadeh Farshad
Published: March 2021

Ossifying stylohyoid ligament can be seen accidently in panoramic images. Sometimes this status is asymptomatic. However, in the presence of symptoms such as pain in the pharynx, a foreign body sensation, tinnitus or otalgia it is called Eagle’s syndrome. The other symptoms due to the pressure on carotid artery including migraines, aphasia or vertigo and syncope especially in turning head to suffering side may be reported. This case was a thirty-nine-year-old man by thick ossified stylohyoid ligament in both sides along with five pseudoarticles together with a background of head and neckache specially in cold weather.
Inferior Sclera Exposure and Maxillary Sagittal Position: Is there any Relationship?
Authors: Buyuk Suleyman Kutalmış , Ayrancı Ferhat , Genc Esra , Imamoglu Tugce
Published: March 2021

Background: Maxillofacial hard and soft tissues play an essential role in the formation of facial aesthetics. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between inferior scleral exposure and maxillary sagittal position. Methods: The present study was performed on the lateral cephalometric radiographs and frontal facial photographs of 110 adolescent subjects. The participants were divided into two equal groups according to gender (55 subjects per group). Total eye height and inferior scleral heights were defined, and scleral exposure ratios were calculated on facial photographs. The measurements were performed for right and left eyes, and the mean value for inferior scleral exposure ratio was calculated. Soft and hard tissue measurements of maxilla were performed on lateral cephalometric radiographs. Independent t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Pearson correlation test were used to analyze the data. Results: There was no statistical difference between genders in the inferior scleral exposure ratio, NPerp_A, A’_True Vertical Line (TVL), and Upper Lip_TVL parameters (P>0.05). However, maxillary height was greater in male subjects than females (P < 0.001). The inferior scleral exposure ratio was statistically significantly correlated with NPerp_A distance in males (r=0.286; P < 0.05). However, there was no correlation between other maxillary parameters and inferior scleral exposure ratio in males (P>0.05). The inferior scleral exposure ratio was significantly correlated with maxillary height in females (r=-0.296; P < 0.05). However, there was no correlation between other maxillary parameters and inferior scleral exposure ratio in females (P>0.05). Conclusions: While the inferior scleral exposure ratio was correlated with NPerp_A distance in male adolescents, the inferior scleral exposure ratio was correlated with maxillary height in female adolescents.
Effects of Low-Level Diode Laser on the Level of Interleukin 1-Beta in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid and the Incidence of Gingivitis Caused by the Use of Orthodontic Separators: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Soheilifar Sepideh , Soheilifar Sara , Hatami Shayesteh , Vahdatinia Farshid , Molabashi Vahid , Hajiloui Mehrdad , Teymouri Pouria
Published: March 2021

Background: In recent years, there has been an increased tendency for using dental lasers for the treatment of soft tissue problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-level diode laser (980 nm) on the level of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and the incidence of initial gingivitis caused by the use of orthodontic separators. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 30 patients, who were beginning a fixed orthodontic treatment without gingivitis, were randomly assigned to control and diode laser radiation (980 nm wavelength, 3 J of energy, a density of 3 J/cm2 , a power of 0.2 W, and at a distance of 1 cm away from the tissue for 15 seconds on the buccal and palatal sides of the tooth) groups. The gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were measured at the beginning of the study and one week after the treatment. The level of IL-1β was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at the beginning of the study and one week after the placement of the separator. Finally, the inter-group and intra-group statistical analyses were performed using independent and paired t tests, and P<0.05 was considered as the significance level. Results: The evaluation of clinical variables in the entire mouth showed a slight clinical improvement in the experimental group although there was no significant difference between the two groups. No significant difference was observed between intra-group and inter-group evaluations of clinical indices in the studied specific teeth. Eventually, no difference was found between the two groups in terms of IL-1β changes. Conclusions: In general, the single-diode laser radiation session is not effective in the treatment of gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Thus, it is recommended to perform frequent laser radiation sessions in further studies.
Toxicological Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Kakavand Farahnaz , Hedayati Aliakbar , Jafar Nodeh Ali , Maddah Saeid , Rezaei Shadegan Maryam
Published: March 2021

The wide use of nano-sized metallic materials could result in the release of these particles into the environment. In addition, due to the dissolution of these nano-materials, some of the adverse effects could result from the dissolved metals. On the other hand, dietary supplements play a key role in improving the immunity of consumers; hence, the use of immune stimulants such as mushroom seems to be very necessary. In this study, the dietary effect of Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom was investigated on serum immunity and liver histopathological indices of Oreochromis niloticus exposed to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Serum total protein level enhanced with increasing prebiotic concentration. Serum immunoglobulin and albumin levels increased in the group treated with Pleurotus ostreatus. The amount of these indices significantly increased at the concentration of 0.2 mg/kg; however, glucose value decreased in both of the experimental groups. Serum ALT and ALP levels significantly reduced in the combined treatment group (AgNPs and mushroom) at the concentration of 0.2 mg/kg, in contrast with the control group. In the combination treatment group (AgNPs and mushroom), the serum AST level significantly reduced at concentrations of 0.1 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg; however, it increased at the concentration of 0.05 mg/kg compared with the control group, indicating that immunological indices could improve due to the combined use of AgNPs and mushroom. The overall conclusion of this study shows that the use of mushroom at 0.2 mg/kg in combination with AgNPs could partially improve the effect of AgNPs on tilapia.
Identification of the Anti-sickling Activity of Anogeissus leiocarpus and In Silico Investigation of Some of Its Phytochemicals
Authors: Elufioye Taiwo O. , Williams Babatunde M. , Cyrl-Olutayo Mojisola C.
Published: March 2021

Background: The anti-sickling activity of Anogeissus leiocarpus, a plant used for managing sickle cell disease (SCD), has been previously proven. Objectives: This study investigated the anti-sickling mechanism of A. leiocarpus by probing its effects on Gardos channel (KCNN4), erythropoietin (EPO), erythropoietin receptor (EPOR), catalase (CAT), G6pD, D-type cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (p21) gene expression as well as assessing in silico drug-likeness of reported compounds as EPOR agonist. Methods: A total of 18 rats (45-76 g) were selected and divided into 6 groups (n=3). The control group was given water ad libitum, standard group was given 0.1 mL/kg of Ciklavit® and experimental group was given daily oral doses of 50-100 mg/kg body weight of crude methanol extract or ethyl acetate fraction (EA-PF). Haematological parameters were analyzed while histopathological and molecular studies of kidney and bone marrow were carried out, followed by RT-PCR analysis of KCNN4, EPO, EPOR, CAT, G6pD, p21, and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. Docking studies of the reported compounds were also done. Results: EA-PF had an insignificant (P>0.05) effect on haematological parameters compared to the basal group. While CAT and p21 acted in a positive feedback loop, G6pD was downregulated in the experimental groups. KCNN4 acted in a negative-feedback mechanism and the upregulation of EPO and EPOR was followed by increased reticulocytes. Kaempferol, quercetin, and catechin showed non-violation of Lipinski’s rule and high binding affinities of 6.5 kcal/mol, 6.7 kcal/mol, and 6.7 kcal/mol, respectively, for EPOR pocket compared to the co-crystallized ligand. Conclusion: Results suggest that ethyl acetate fraction of Anogeissus leiocarpus achieved a steady state level of the Gardos channel and stimulation of EPO expression via EPOR agonist.
Bioactive Compounds of Seaweeds and Their Effects on Certain Types of Cancer
Authors: Abd-Elazeem Omniya M. , Osman Nehal A.H.k. , El-Shenawy Nahla S.
Published: March 2021

Cancer is considered as one of the major health problems worldwide. So far, no completely effective method has been found for cancer treatment. Therefore, the rise of using natural products has been proposed as an alternative therapy in this regard. For many years, the seaweed has been a source of many functional bioactive compounds including polysaccharides, polyphenols, pigments, terpenes, and many others. These compounds have shown many bioactivities including anticancer activity against different kinds of cancer. Bioactive compounds obtained from the seaweed have been demonstrated to cause apoptosis in cancer cells and trigger cell cycle arrest with low cytotoxicity against normal cells. In this review, it was attempted to shed light on the anticancer activity of some seaweed-derived bioactive compounds.
Comparison of Serum Iron, Zinc, and Selenium Levels in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women in Ekpoma, Nigeria: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Festus Oloruntoba O. , Agbebaku Solomon O. , Idonije Blessing O. , Oluba Olarewaju M.
Published: March 2021

Background: Estrogen deficiency following menopause creates an imbalance in plasma micronutrient resulting in several degenerative pathological conditions, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, etc. Objectives: The present study was designed to compare zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and selenium (Se) concentrations between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Methods: In this descriptive study a total of 200 participants were classified into two groups of postmenopausal (age range: 46-75 years, served as experimental) and premenopausal (age range: 30-45 years, served as control). Each group consisted of 100 subjects. After obtaining informed consent from all participants, blood samples were collected from the antecubital fossa vein of each participant by venipuncture. The concentrations of Fe, Zn, and Se in each blood sample were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Results: No significant difference (P>0.05) was observed in serum Fe (114.24 ± 26.79 µg/dL), Zn (83.11 ± 20.45 µg/dL), and Se (41.99 ± 9.78 µg/dL) levels between the control and experimental groups. However, serum Fe and Zn showed progressive significant (P=0.04, 0.03, respectively) increase with increasing postmenopausal age. Conversely, serum Se concentration decreased significantly (P=0.03) with increasing menopausal age. Conclusion: Although no significant difference was observed in serum levels of Fe, Zn, and Se between pre- and post-menopausal women, the progressive significant increase in the serum Fe and Zn levels as well as significant decrease in serum Se level with advancing post-menopausal age portend a great risk.
Organ Function Tests and Their Predictive Value in the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection: A Retrospective Report from India
Authors: Banger Megha , Khillare Supriya , Chalak Anita , Maksane Shalini
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global public health calamity since its outbreak in Wuhan, China in December 2019, and there is a lack of diagnostic biochemical data related to the disease. This study aimed to investigate routine biochemical parameters in COVID-19 positive Indian patients and check their predictive value for the detection of this novel disease. Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted retrospectively with the participation of 166 patients referred to King Edward Memorial (KEM) Hospital, Mumbai, India during May 2020. The baseline characteristics (age and gender) and biochemical data of individuals with COVID-19-related symptoms but negative for COVID-19 were collected and classified into two groups of real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and COVID-19 positive. The value of organ function tests (blood urea nitrogen [BUN], creatinine, and levels of serum electrolytes, alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase (AST), bilirubin total, bilirubin direct, total protein, and albumin) were noted and analyzed. The groups were compared using unpaired t test, and predictive value of these parameters for COVID-19 was evaluated by calculating the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results: There was a significant rise in the serum AST ALT, bilirubin direct, BUN, and creatinine levels of COVID-19 subjects compared to non-COVID-19 ones (P < 0.001). AST (AUC=0.826, CI: 0.76 to 0.89, P < 0.001), ALT (AUC=0.8525, 95% CI: 0.79 to 0.90, P < 0.001), and BUN (AUC=0.8097, 95% CI: 0.74 to 0.87, P < 0.001) showed very good accuracy and serum creatinine (AUC=0.7971, 95% CI: 0.73 to 0.86, P < 0.001) showed good accuracy in predicting COVID- 19 positivity. Conclusion: Serum levels of ALT, AST, BUN, and creatinine can be the reliable predictors of COVID-19 test and identify infected patients.
Economic Costs of Providing District- and Regional-Level Surgeries in Tanzania
Authors: Ifeanyichi Martilord , Broekhuizen Henk , Juma Adinan , Chilonga Kondo , Kataika Edward , Gajewski Jakub , Brugha Ruairi , Bijlmakers Leon
Published: March 2021

Background: Access to surgical care is poor in Tanzania. The country is at the implementation stage of its first National Surgical, Obstetric, and Anesthesia Plan (NSOAP; 2018-2025) aiming to scale up surgery. This study aimed to calculate the costs of providing surgical care at the district and regional hospitals. Methods: Two district hospitals (DHs) and the regional referral hospital (RH) in Arusha region were selected. All the staff, buildings, equipment, and medical and non-medical supplies deployed in running the hospitals over a 12 month period were identified and quantified from interviews and hospital records. Using a combination of step-down costing (SDC) and activity-based costing (ABC), all costs attributed to surgeries were established and then distributed over the individual types of surgeries. These costs were delineated into pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative components. Results: The total annual costs of running the clinical cost centres ranged from $567k at Oltrumet DH to $3453k at Mt Meru RH. The total costs of surgeries ranged from $79k to $813k; amounting to 12%-22% of the total costs of running the hospitals. At least 70% of the costs were salaries. Unit costs and relative shares of capital costs were generally higher at the DHs. Two-thirds of all the procedures incurred at least 60% of their costs in the theatre. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) performed at the regional hospital was cheaper ($618) than surgical debridement (plus conservative treatment) due to prolonged post-operative inpatient care associated with the latter ($1177), but was performed infrequently due mostly to unavailability of implants. Conclusion: Lower unit costs and shares of capital costs at the RH reflect an advantage of economies of scale and scope at the RH, and a possible underutilization of capacity at the DHs. Greater efficiencies make a case for concentration and scale-up of surgical services at the RHs, but there is a stronger case for scaling up district-level surgeries, not only for equitable access to services, but also to drive down unit costs there, and free up RH resources for more complex cases such as ORIF.
Movimentos pendulares: a rotina de estudantes cambeenses que estudam na Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL)
Authors: Oliveira Ariel Pereira da Silva , Antonello Ideni Terezinha
Published: March 2021

Analisar os movimentos pendulares a partir das experiências de estudantes cambeenses que estudam na Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) é o foco do presente artigo. É uma pesquisa exploratória com 22 indivíduos realizada em abril de 2019. O artigo se justifica, pois, o uso dos ônibus metropolitanos é muitas vezes o único meio de transporte para classe trabalhadora e estudantes chegar nos seus destinos. Além disso, a integração via transporte metropolitano é essencial para conexão entre os municípios membros de uma região metropolitana, no caso de estudo corresponde a Região Metropolitana de Londrina (PR), essa categoria de transporte é uma prestação de serviços e, portanto, necessita ser avaliado, tendo em vista a qualidade de vida da população que necessita deste transporte público. Com relação aos resultados a pesquisa mostrou que mesmo as cidades sendo próximas o maior desafio enfrentado é o tempo de viagem pois para lucrar mais o trajeto é estendido pela empresa responsável por este serviço, duplicando a distância, e em alguns casos relatados o tempo gasto é quase cinco vezes maior com relação a quem faz o mesmo trajeto com veículo próprio.
A segregação socioespacial gerada pela produção do espaço habitacional na cidade de Maringá/PR
Authors: Fiorillo Nunes Livia , De Paula Santil Fernando Luiz
Published: March 2021

Este artigo apresenta considerações sobre as relações das habitações sociais no processo de produção do espaço urbano brasileiro. De modo mais preciso, quais as possíveis relações entre o Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida, sua parceria com os grandes agentes e os processos de segregação socioespacial. Ao promover grandes reassentamentos populacionais e novas formações socioespaciais, no caso das metrópoles e de cidades médias brasileiras, os sujeitos ficam submetidos a um processo de segregação socioespacial. É o que acontece no município de Maringá no Estado do Paraná e em seus distritos – Floriano e Iguatemi. Apesar do programa habitacional fornecer acesso à moradia, os indivíduos acabam sendo enfraquecidos social e territorialmente, pois o direito à cidade não acompanha o benefício. Na medida em que, são realocados para residir em áreas periféricas afastadas dos grandes centros, de modo que acaba dificultando o acesso à cidade, além de também gerar grandes vazios urbanos. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo busca mostrar os efeitos territoriais existentes ligados as habitações sociais que são destinadas às classes de menor renda. No caso, as habitações do Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida no distrito de Floriano. A partir de estudos sobre produção do espaço urbano maringaense e de uma visita de campo se buscou analisar a dinâmica socioespacial do perímetro, foi possível constatar a falta de equipamentos públicos e privados, mesmo após a implementação de três conjuntos habitacionais. Essa dinâmica urbana atrelada ao valor do terreno e a renda dos indivíduos, acaba fortalecendo desigualdades territoriais entre diferentes áreas do município. Palavras-chave: Segregação Socioespacial; Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida; Habitações Sociais; Maringá.
As mulheres no âmago da precariedade histórica do mundo do trabalho
Authors: Oliveira Vanessa Dias
Published: March 2021

ResumoO artigo é fruto do debate on-line feito no desenrolar da Pandemia da Covid-19 (em 28 de maio de 2020) pela Revista Geografia em Atos, direcionado por geógrafas que discutiram a condição da mulher e seus desafios na vida privada e pública, com base em três eixos argumentativos: perfil e atuação das docentes, desafios da questão de gênero e contribuições da mulher para o saber geográfico. Nas questões levantadas partiu-se da compreensão que as determinações de classe, gênero, raça e etnia perpassam por uma categoria fundamental que dá unidade a todas elas: o trabalho. Não há produção do espaço sem trabalho. Tal produção é comandada pelas relações mercantis que criam padrões sociais de desigualdades radicados na propriedade privada capitalista e suas manifestações, entre elas o patriarcado, o machismo, o racismo, a heterossexualidade, e as demais formas de opressão que sustentam o sociometabolismo do capital. Com a reestruturação produtiva a relação dialética entre o trabalho reprodutivo (sem custo para o capitalismo) e o trabalho produtivo/improdutivo perpetua a funcionalidade das mulheres na lógica orgânica da forma mercadoria, tanto pela reprodução da vida, como pela inserção precária e desvalorizada no mundo do trabalho.Palavras-chave: Trabalho Feminino; Precariedade; Reestruturação Produtiva e Pandemia da COVID-19.
A estrangeirização da terra é a solução para a crise alimentar? As narrativas de agentes estrangeiros para justificar a apropriação de terras no exterior
Authors: Iza Pereira Lorena
Published: March 2021

Em 2007/2008 o mundo vivenciou um aumento nos preços dos alimentos. Ao mesmo tempo, ocorreu a ascensão das crises energética e financeira. Juntos, estes fenômenos atraíram o interesse de diferentes agentes para o mercado de terras e produção agrícola. A segurança alimentar, que é uma questão geopolítica, tornou-se justificativa para a apropriação de terras no exterior por parte de agentes públicos e privados. Contudo, o objetivo da estrangeirização da terra não é garantir o acesso ao alimento a todos, mas sim sustentar a acumulação do capital em tempos de crise. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir acerca de como os agentes promotores da estrangeirização da terra utilizam da crise alimentar para justificar a sua expansão em direção ao exterior. Por meio da revisão da literatura ao longo de quase uma década de pesquisas sobre a estrangeirização da terra na América Latina, concluímos que a estrangeirização da terra apenas acentua a crise alimentar porque a sua base é a acumulação de capital e não a resolução do problema da fome.
Expediente
Authors: Mares Rizia Mendes
Published: March 2021

dez_2020
DUKUNGAN SOSIAL DAN DEPRESI PASCASALIN: STUDI META-ANALISIS
Authors: Damayanti Rini
Published: March 2021

Studi meta-analisis bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana korelasi sebenarnya antara dukungan sosial dan depresi pascasalin. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik meta analisis dua artefak yaitu koreksi kesalahan pengambilan sampel dan koreksi kesalahan pengukuran. Berdasarkan hasil 9 penelitian ilmiah yang dilakukan meta-analisis ditemukan rentang penelitian empiris yang dipublikasi antara tahun 2005 hingga tahun 2018 dengan jumlah sampel seluruhnya sebanyak N= 1.754 Hasil meta-analisis menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial berkorelasi positif dengan depresi pascasalin (ř =0.557).
THE EFFECT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP KNOWLEDGE ON SELF EFFICACY AND ITS IMPACT ON STUDENTS 'INTERESTS
Authors: Andriani Rindi , Hamdani Nizar Alam , Setiawan Rahyuniati
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Entrepreneurship Knowledge on Self Efficacy and its impact on entrepreneurial interest in students. This research uses descriptive and associative methods conducted on 68 respondents who are students of the, University of Garut. Data processing techniques used by researchers are validity, reliability, and data analysis methods using path analysis. The tool used is SPSS Software 20.0. The results of this study are entrepreneurial knowledge can affect self efficacy and have an impact on the emergence of entrepreneurial interest in students.
Conceptual Framework of Innovation Strategy in SMEs
Authors: Hamdani Nizar Alam , Nugraha Sukma , Purnamasari Pupung
Published: March 2021

The use of new innovations as tools to face competition is indeed considered effective enough to win the market. The absence of innovation will make consumers feel bored, leave the product, and we can be sure the business will sink amid the hustle and bustle of competition. This study analyzes the application of innovation strategy concepts in companies and SMEs. The approach in this study is scientific analysis of the literature and previous research on innovation strategies in SMEs. Based on the results of the study, the conceptual framework of the application of SME strategies was obtained, both dimensions, indicators and key to success and obstacles. The implication of this research is that there is an appropriate concept that can be used to develop research in the field of innovation strategy.
What Is What Is The Optimal Tax Treatment That Motivates Donor Corporations To Make More Monetary And In-Kind Donations To Their Communities And With Minimal Damage To The Interests Of All The Parties Involved, And The Content Of The CSR Idea?
Authors: Saleh Younis A. Battal
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT: This theoretical study attempted to answer the following question: What is the optimal tax treatment that motivates donor corporations to make more monetary and in-kind donations to their communities and with minimal damage to the interests of all the parties involved, and the content of the CSR idea? To answer this complex question, the researcher was forced to imagine all possible tax treatment methods for corporate monetary and in-kind donations and to determine their advantages and disadvantages -according to certain criteria, to choose the optimal tax treatment method. This study recommends the adoption of the method of government's rights and then corporation's rights in government's rights "donations as if they are loans" by legislative bodies in all countries of the world due to the abundance of its advantages. This method is optimal. This method will motivate donor corporations to make more monetary and in-kind donations to their communities and with minimal damage to the interests of all the parties involved, and the content of the CSR idea.Given the importance of this method. This study has drawn up a draft law for this method, which could be used as a guide by the legislative bodies, if adecision is made to adopt this method.
Kualitas Produk, Servicescape dan Word of Mouth Serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Ulang
Authors: Zulkarnain Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Abstract- This writing was done in order to determine the effect of product quality, servicescape, word of mouth on repurchase decisions. This study uses primary data sourced from questionnaires and the sample used is 75 respondents who are consumers of the Warung Kopi Rahmat. Methods of data analysis using multiple linear regression equations, coefficient of determination (R2), t test and F test. The results showed that product quality, servicescape, word of mouth have a positive effect on repurchase decisions at Warung Kopi Rahmat . The coefficient of determination test results obtained 61.1% product quality, servicescape, word of mouth can explain the repurchase decision. While the t test results of product quality, servicescape partially have a significant effect on repurchase decisions and word of mouth has no significant effect on repurchase decisions. The results of the F test, product quality, servicescape, word of mouth simultaneously have a significant effect on repurchase decisions.

 

Keywords- Product Quality; Servicescape; Word of Mouth; Repurchase Decision

 

Abstrak- Penulisan ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas produk, servicescape, word of mouth terhadap keputusan pembelian ulang. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang bersumber dari kuesioner dan sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 75 responden yang merupakan konsumen dari Warung Kopi Rahmat. Metode analisis data menggunakan persamaan regersi linier berganda, uji koefisien determinasi (R2), uji t dan uji F. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa kualitas produk, servicescape, word of mouth berpengaruh positif terhadap keputusan pembelian ulang pada Warung Kopi Rahmat. Hasil uji koefisien determinasi diperoleh 61,1% kualitas produk, servicescape, word of mouth dapat menjelaskan keputusan pembelian ulang. Sementara hasil uji t kualitas produk, servicescape secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian ulang dan word of mouth berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian ulang. Hasil uji F, kualitas produk, servicescape, word of mouth secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian ulang.

 

Kata Kunci- Kualitas Produk; Servicescape; Word of Mouth; Keputusan Pembelian Ulang
Corporate Donations as a Source of Financing an Innovative Strategic Economic Plan to Strengthen the National Economy in More Than One Axis in Developing and Poor Countries: A Justified View
Authors: Saleh Younis A. Battal
Published: March 2021

In developing and poor countries, corporate donations, which are one of the sources of financing available in those countries, are not being used effectively ″in a correct and ideal way.″ As a result, this theoretical study presented an idea about how to manage and invest this resource in a fruitful way that contributes to strengthening the national economy in more than one axis and addressing many social problems and negative phenomena resulting from the deterioration of economic conditions in those countries, through a strategic economic plan was designed for this purpose. To a large extent, the structure of this study, the formulation of its idea and the formation of its conceptual framework depended on personal diligence, rational thinking and the researcher's imagination, supported by logical justifications. Corporate donations can be used according to the innovative strategic plan to boost the national economy in more than one axis in those countries ″doubling the number of companies - strengthening the infrastructure - enhancing the state's tax revenues - contributing to solving the unemployment problem, etc. ″.Also, this plan will contribute to solving many social problems resulting from the deterioration of the economic conditions in these countries. This is on the practical level, but on the theoretical level, in the field of CSR thought, this study indicated the need to adopt the concept of priority "most important" and the idea of ​​addressing the causes of the problem, not its symptoms, as much as possible, to be included in the list of principles of CSR. Also, this study defined what is meant by the CER at the level of the country's economy as a whole, and fruitful corporate philanthropy "multi-purpose". As well as, this study explained the real interaction between the CER and the CPR at the level of the country's economy as a whole and at the level of the corporation's economy. The researcher expects that this study will receive sufficient attention from the governments of these countries and to benefit from its content in developing their financial policies and laws related to the management and investment of corporate donations in bringing about a real comprehensive development. Also, this study may be the starting point and the cornerstone of many studies and research in this field.
Rethinking Why and How China Wins Hearts and Minds in Africa
Authors: Albert Isaac Olawale
Published: March 2021

China is today the biggest development partner to Africa. To reduce the country’s growing influence in the continent, the western media is saturated with negative reports on how the people do business. The Chinese are said to be pursuing imperialist agenda and striking economic and political deals with corrupt and rogue regimes in Africa. This is believed to have corrosive effects on the growth of democratic governance in the continent. These criticisms notwithstanding, the influence of China in Africa has continued to grow. This paper tries to explain the paradoxical situation. African regimes work with the Chinese because the latter treat them with respect and tie no political conditionality to the support given to them. The Chinese also provide African political leaders with infrastructural support under liberal terms. The grassroots African peoples are also favourably disposed towards the Chinese because of their propoor policies and stances. They provide Africans with affordable phones and household appliances; they build roads, live amongst the people and work as equals with them at construction sites. The paper concluded on the note that the western criticism of China in Africa is more in the interest of the developed world than Africa. The western world is advised to treat Africans with better respect if it wants to enjoy the kind of influence that the Chinese are now having in Africa
Academic Culture and Ethics in the Profession of Teaching, Learning, and Research
Authors: Akindele R.A.
Published: March 2021

This article provides deep insights into the nature and dynamics of academic culture in the Nigerian university system. Academic culture is generally conceived as the established tradition, procedure, practices, etiquette, ethics and rules of the game in the conduct of teaching, learning and research. Collectively, these elements provide a conducive environment for the generation/creation, transfer, dissemination and application of knowledge and management of teaching and research industry in support of sustainable development. Consequently, this article posits that the building of academic culture to promote, achieve and sustain the realization of the mission of any university is a huge task, even if scarcity of resources does not constitute too tight a limiting handicap. It is only a mature academic environment, nourished and fertilized inter alia by ethical foundations, democratic and good governance, and conventions and practices that can give birth to a healthy teaching and research culture, sustain and protect it from every form of degradation. For this to be possible, such a mature academic culture has to venerate and choose the lifestyle of commitment, particularly to the following: scholarship and knowledge; objectivity and truth; tolerance and character building; criticism and dissent; staff students cooperation and collegiality, all of which are in the service of development.
Prevalence, Pattern and Consequences of Insecurity in Nigerian Cities
Authors: Alemika Etannibi E. O.
Published: March 2021

Nigeria’s democratic transition and economic development are being threatened by insecurity. Since the return to civil rule in 1999, the nation has suffered several violent conflicts in which thousands of lives were lost. In this study, we analysed the prevalence and effects of insecurity in eleven Nigerian cities. Based on the data collected from 2,750 respondents in 11 cities, we find that violent conflicts are generally precipitated by ethnic, religious and electoral grievances. However, we also find that the salience of these factors in violent conflict vary across cities. The major effects of insecurity in Nigerian cities were homelessness (internal displacement), loss of employment, destruction of educational institutions, increased criminal activities, and high food prices. Nigerians were generally dissatisfied with the police, which they perceive as ineffective in preventing or curtailing violent conflicts. The findings underscore the need for policies aimed at strengthening national integration through programmes and actions that protect the rights of citizens to religion, residence, political inclusion and equal access to social services provided by government without discrimination on grounds of ethnicity, religion, place of birth and origin, gender and political association
The Poverty of Development: Prolegomenon to a Critique of Development Policy in Africa
Authors: Ohiorhenuan John F.E.
Published: March 2021

The focus on poverty reduction in Africa may be a case of doing the right thing for the wrong reason. Undoubtedly, directly focusing on poverty as an integral part of macroeconomic policy making is essential and a welcome addition to the narrower prescriptions of structural adjustment programmes. But experience so far with Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSPJ raises the concern that, compared with structural adjustment programmes (SAPs), the real innovation of PRSPs is that they now prescribe, and set conditionalities on, process in addition to content. In consequence, it is difficult to sustain the argument that Africa is (finally) taking charge of its own destiny
Labour Policies of a neo-Fuhrer State: The Nigerian Case
Authors: Adesina ‘Jimi O.
Published: March 2021

This paper examines the labour dimension of the Nigerian state in the period between 1994 and 1998 and argued that it is important to understand the unique nature of the state during this period. While Nigeria was not strange to authoritarian states, the specific mode of constitution of the state during the period requires specific codification—hence the idea of a neo-Fuhrer State. While it is common to analyse the form of constitution of the state during this period as an aberrant form, we argue that the basis and justification of dictatorship was laid by the political content of implementing the set of neoliberal policies that underscored Structural Adjustment Programme. It is in analysing the labour policies of the neoFuhrer State that we appreciate this. The paradox of the nature of response to autocracy at the time is binary: acquiescence on the part of senior union leaders and robust shop floor resistance on the other hand. This is the aspect of the political history of the period that is hardly emphasised and poorly understood. This paper serves as a corrective to both my earlier analysis and the historiography of the period.
An Empirical Note on Productivity and Technological Diffusion in Nigeria, 1970-2000
Authors: Ndiyo Ndem A.
Published: March 2021

The study analyses the longterm trend in knowledge diffusion and productivity growth in Nigeria, using a translog specification. The results indicate the need for technological upgrading and emphasized that policies designed to promote technological development should address the complementarities between ‘different factors of production. The article, thus, provides some support for the argument that total factor productivity (TFP), as a technological knowledge, can impact significantly on productivity in a developing economy like Nigeria.
Land Management in the Sokoto Caliphate: Lessons for Contemporary Nigeria
Authors: Muhammad Bayero A.S.
Published: March 2021

This paper contributes to the quest for a suitable land management model for Nigeria through an examination of the contributions of . the Sokoto triumvirate Uthman Dandodio, Abdullahi Danfodio and Muhammad Bello (the most prominent of the leaders of the caliphate) to land management by reviewing their works and the writings, of contemporary scholars on the issue to ‘provide a synthetic exposition of the caliphate’s land management system. It discusses the caliphate’s land tenure and land development system, preservation and reservation of land resources, management of water resources, pastures and farming as well as urban land planning and administration. The paper also evaluates the caliphate’s land management policies in terms of their relevance and implications for contemporary land management.
Whither Nigeria?
Authors: Igun U. A.
Published: March 2021

This paper examines the philosophical framework of Nigeria’s Economic Empowerment and development Strategy (NEEDS), its desirability, and the efficacy of its strategies. It argues that its philosophy has its roots in the African Alternative Framework to the Structural Adjustment programme (AAFSAP). The author concludes, based on a number of scenarios that the effectiveness of the NEEDS strategies are doubtful.