bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efectos de la Pandemia del COVID-19 en el Comportamiento del Consumidor Mexicano: HÃ¡bitos de Compra de la Canasta BÃ¡sica
Authors: AlcÃ¡ntara HernÃ¡ndez Ruth Josefina , Islas Arlen CerÃ³n , Figueroa VelÃ¡zquez Juan Gabriel
Published: February 2021

El presente artÃ­culo tiene como objetivo realizar un anÃ¡lisis sobre el cambio de hÃ¡bitos del consumidor en tiempos de pandemia de la Cd. de Pachuca, Hidalgo, y su zona metropolitana, principalmente relacionado con las elecciones de compra que realizan sobre los productos de la canasta bÃ¡sica, basÃ¡ndose en frecuencia y lugar. Para lograrlo se tomÃ³ como base la teorÃ­a de la motivaciÃ³n humana de Maslow, y posteriormente se realizÃ³ una encuesta aleatoria a los consumidores que tienen poder de compra en sus familias, alcanzando un total de 345 personas encuestadas. En este estudio se pudo encontrar que los hÃ¡bitos de compra han tenido poca variaciÃ³n en cuanto al lugar de compra, incrementÃ¡ndose el consumo en tiendas de abarrotes y de conveniencia; la frecuencia de compra ha disminuido, asÃ­ como el presupuesto asignado ha tenido variaciones; en las revisiones realizadas se pudo observar que los pagos electrÃ³nicos han sufrido un incremento. Los resultados obtenidos y las conclusiones a las que se llegan permiten visualizar la importancia que tiene para las empresas de cualquier tamaÃ±o el desarrollo de estrategias que permitan reinventarse y acceder a los mercados de manera exitosa, adaptÃ¡ndose a la â€œnueva normalidadâ€ de los consumidores.
 
This paper focuses on carrying out an analysis on the change in consumer habits during the pandemic period in the City of Pachuca, Hidalgo, and its metropolitan area. This is mainly related to the choices they make about the products of the basic basket, based on frequency and location. To achieve this, Maslow's theory of human motivation was taken as a basis. A random survey was also conducted among consumers who have purchasing power in their families, thus a total of 345 people were surveyed. In this study, it was found that shopping habits have had little variation in the aspect of the place of purchase. This has led to increase in grocery and convenience stores, the frequency of purchase has decreased, and the assigned budget has had variations. In the reviews carried out, it was observed that electronic payments have also suffered an increase. The results obtained and the conclusions reached made it possible to visualize the importance for companies of any size to develop strategies that allow them to reinvent themselves and successfully access markets, in order to adapt to the â€œnew normalâ€ of consumers.
Estrategias de mercadotecnia de MIPyMEs durante la pandemia COVID-19 en Ciudad JuÃ¡rez, Chihuahua, MÃ©xico
Authors: Vega-MÃ¡rquez FÃ¡tima , MejÃ­a-HernÃ¡ndez Marisela , DurÃ¡n Ortiz MartÃ­n Joel
Published: February 2021

El objetivo de esta investigaciÃ³n fue identificar las estrategias de mercadotecnia utilizadas por las MIPYMEs durante la pandemia Covid-19 en Ciudad JuÃ¡rez, Chihuahua. Para ello, se utilizÃ³ una metodologÃ­a cuantitativa, de diseÃ±o no experimental transeccional descriptivo. Se considerÃ³ como unidad de anÃ¡lisis a micro, pequeÃ±as y medianas empresas de los sectores comercial, servicios e industrial, establecidas en Ciudad, JuÃ¡rez, Chihuahua. La recolecciÃ³n de informaciÃ³n se realizÃ³ a travÃ©s del mÃ©todo de encuesta, se administrÃ³ un cuestionario validado previamente por un grupo de expertos. El cuestionario se distribuyÃ³ a travÃ©s de redes sociales y correo electrÃ³nico, fue dirigido al administrador general de la empresa y se recolectaron 39 cuestionarios. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que las MIPyMEs, modificaron y/o adaptaron su producto o servicio para cubrir las necesidades del consumidor, e incrementaron la promociÃ³n a travÃ©s de redes sociales, asÃ­ mismo implementaron nuevos sistemas de distribuciÃ³n y medios de pago para alcanzar a su mercado meta.
 
The objective of this research was to identify the marketing strategies used by MSMEs during the Covid-19 pandemic in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua. A quantitative methodology was used for this purpose, with a descriptive transectional non-experimental design. Micro, small and medium-sized companies in the commercial, services and industrial sectors, established in Ciudad, Juarez, Chihuahua, were considered as the unit of analysis. The information collection was carried out through the survey method; a questionnaire form was used, previously validated by a group of experts. The questionnaire was distributed through social media and email, addressed to the general manager of the company, with a total of 39 questionnaires collected. The results obtained show that MSMEs modified and/or adapted their product or service to meet consumer needs and increased advertisement through social media, also implementing new distribution systems and payment options to reach their target market.
El Comportamiento del Consumidor Baby Boom en Ã‰poca del COVID-19 un Estudio en MÃ©xico, Colombia y Ecuador
Authors: Fischer Laura , Larios-GÃ³mez Emigdio , LÃ³pez Diana , Ortega-Vivanco Mayra
Published: February 2021

La generaciÃ³n baby boomers (nacidos entre 1946 y 1964) es la generaciÃ³n que se ha visto mÃ¡s afectada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 o COVID19, por el nÃºmero de muertes que ha cobrado esta pandemia a nivel mundial, el confinamiento que los paÃ­ses han decretado por esta emergencia sanitaria, se ha visto reflejado en los cambios en el consumo en especial en este segmento de la poblaciÃ³n. El objetivo de este trabajo de investigaciÃ³n es conocer los cambios en el consumo de las personas de esta generaciÃ³n en MÃ©xico, Ecuador y Colombia por la situaciÃ³n de aislamiento producto del COVID-19, Se realizÃ³ un estudio cuantitativo a una muestra de 376 personas. Los resultados muestran que los baby boomers ha cambiado sus hÃ¡bitos de comportamiento en especial en la forma de socializar con su familia y amigos, teniendo que aprender nuevas tecnologÃ­as en lÃ­nea, asÃ­ mismo para la compra de sus alimentos, ya que esta generaciÃ³n ha tenido que adaptarse al uso de compran en lÃ­nea. No encontrando diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres en este tipo de comportamiento.
 
Baby boomers have been the most affected by COVID-19 due to the number of deaths worldwide. This study focuses on knowing the changes in their consumption due to confinement as a result of the pandemic in Mexico, Ecuador, and Colombia. A quantitative study was carried out using a sample of 371 people. The results show that they had to learn and adapt to new digital technologies to socialize with their family and friends and to buy their food. No significant differences were found between men and women in this type of behavior.
Servicio de Entrega: Tendencia de HÃ¡bitos y Consumo de Comida Mediante el uso de Aplicaciones MÃ³viles
Authors: Reyes Perzabal FÃ¡tima Lizette , GÃ³mez Peralta JesÃºs Alberto , VÃ¡zquez Quitl Rogelio , ChÃ¡vez GuzmÃ¡n Helen Javier
Published: February 2021

El uso de las aplicaciones mÃ³viles para pedir comida se ha tornado en algo natural para el consumidor que vive en la contingencia causada por COVID-19, sin embargo, no se ha convertido en un hÃ¡bito ni ha generado dependencia o adicciÃ³n alguna para tal fin. El enfoque de la presente investigaciÃ³n es cuantitativo de alcance descriptivo, transversal simple. Como tÃ©cnica de recolecciÃ³n se empleÃ³ la encuesta electrÃ³nica por internet, aplicÃ¡ndose a 75 personas habitantes de la ciudad de Puebla que utilicen aplicaciones mÃ³viles de entrega de alimentos, la cual se conforma por 32 Ã­tems. Se analizÃ³ el perfil del consumidor de comida a travÃ©s de aplicaciones mÃ³viles, sus hÃ¡bitos y actitudes hacia el servicio, con la finalidad de generar estrategias de comercializaciÃ³n a travÃ©s de la segmentaciÃ³n. Se detectÃ³ que factores como el ahorro de tiempo, dinero y rapidez en la entrega de alimentos son valorados por la mayorÃ­a; no obstante, existe claramente un segmento de mercado que posee caracterÃ­sticas que lo distinguen en cuanto al perfil y gasto se refiere. El uso promedio es de una sola aplicaciÃ³n, siendo Uber Eats la que mÃ¡s demanda tiene, el momento de mayor frecuencia para la compra de alimentos es por la noche, con un gasto menor a los $500 al mes y la razÃ³n principal, es para no salir de casa.
 
The use of mobile applications to order food has become something natural for the consumer who lives in the contingency caused by COVID-19. It, however, has not developed into a habit, neither has it generated any dependency nor addiction for this purpose. This paper uses a quantitative approach, descriptive in scope, and follows a simple transversal. As a collection technique, the electronic survey was used on the internet and it was applied to 75 inhabitants of the city of Puebla that use mobile applications for food delivery, which is made up of 27 items. The profile of the food consumer, their habits and attitudes towards the service, was analyzed through mobile applications in order to generate marketing strategies through segmentation. The results show that factors such as saving time, money, and the speed of food delivery are valued by most people. There is also a clear market segment that has features that distinguish it in terms of profile and spending. The average use is just a single app, i.e., Uber Eatsâ€“â€“the one with the most demand. People buy food more frequently at night, with an expense of less than $500 a month due to home delivery.
Políticas educacionais e a retomada da disciplina de Educação Moral e Cívica (EMC) no contexto atual
Authors: Miesse Maria Carolina , Alves da Silva Moreira Jani , Matias de Souza Vânia de Fátima
Published: February 2021

O objetivo é analisar o processo de retorno da EMC na política educacional brasileira, fenômeno que se intensifica no contexto atual. Refere-se aos resultados de uma pesquisa exploratória, de análise crítica-contextualizada sobre a Lei n. 6.122/2018, que instituiu o retorno da EMC no currículo das redes pública e privada de ensino do Distrito Federal. Constata-se que o retorno da EMC no currículo propende a uma formação humana com bases antidemocráticas e moralizantes para o controle social.
O curso de Pedagogia e os retrocessos na legislação educacional: uma ofensiva às possibilidades de formação crítica
Authors: Alves Pereira Silva Antonia , Ramalho Ortigão Maria Isabel
Published: February 2021

Neste artigo, discutimos a formação de professores no Brasil com base na reflexão sobre a produção da política educacional, suas manifestações legais e seus impactos na formação de pedagogos. O texto tem por base uma pesquisa empírica realizada junto a estudantes e professores do curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Estadual do Piauí, conduzida com o objetivo de analisar a constituição de uma práxis como princípio epistemológico formativo. A pesquisa envolveu análise documental e entrevista individual e coletiva (grupo focal) com professores e estudantes. O arcabouço legal que atualmente subsidia a formação de pedagogos no país projeta, ainda que superficialmente, uma concepção de professor com possibilidade de atuação crítica na sua práxis profissional. Essa formação, contudo, encontra-se comprometida com a publicação da Resolução CNE/CP n. 02/19, que retoma uma perspectiva de formação docente centrada nas competências e provoca impactos significativos na organização do curso de Pedagogia. Respaldamos nossa discussão teórica no campo da política educacional de formação docente e na defesa de uma concepção de formação crítico-emancipatória.
Complexo de formação de professores: espaço-tempo produtor de políticas de currículo
Authors: Gabriel Carmen Teresa , Senna Bruna
Published: February 2021

Este texto tem por objetivo refletir sobre a articulação que vem sendo produzida entre políticas de currículo e políticas de formação docente da educação básica, no âmbito de uma experiência de construção de um novo arranjo institucional, atualmente em curso, nomeada Complexo de Formação de Professores (CFP). Assumindo a postura epistêmica pós-fundacional e em diálogo com a literatura especializada, tanto da área do currículo quanto da de formação de professores, ele busca explorar possibilidades de pensar essa articulação, tal como mobilizada nessa experiência. Sublinha, assim, os entrecruzamentos de fluxos de sentidos particulares de currículo de licenciatura e de docência, os quais essa articulação busca hegemonizar em meio às lutas de significação desses termos, travadas no cenário político-educacional de nosso presente. A análise de documentos produzidos pelo próprio CFP, dos conteúdos veiculados em suas redes sociais, nesse processo, permite destacar potencialidades insurgentes e elementos desafiadores na produção de políticas (inter)institucionais, que podem contribuir para fazer avançar o debate político-educacional das áreas envolvidas.
Fazendo a “racionalidade” tremer: notas disruptivas acerca da BNC-Formação
Authors: Borges de Oliveira Veronica , De Jesus Ana Paula
Published: February 2021

Este artigo se propõe a problematizar a lógica da racionalidade científica que marca políticas curriculares para formação docente. Problematizamos os encaminhamentos defendidos nas políticas curriculares, em defesa de discursos de eficiência/eficácia como respostas às demandas da sociedade por uma educação de qualidade. Nosso referencial teórico-estratégico incorpora as discussões de perspectiva pós-estrutural no currículo − a “abordagem das lógicas” −, mais especificamente, a lógica fantasmática. Tendo em vista o diálogo profícuo com Laclau e Mouffe, Glynos e Howarth, em uma perspectiva discursiva, operamos com a abordagem das lógicas sociais, políticas e fantasmáticas. Defendemos que mecanismos de abalroamento “da racionalidade”, via reconfiguração dos cenários e dos desafios da docência, apresentam-se como operadores disruptivos potentes no campo da Formação Docente. Nossa estratégia passa por outras leituras dos documentos curriculares − Parecer CNE/CP n. 22/2019, também denominado de BNC-Formação, que revisa as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Formação Inicial de Professores para a Educação Básica e institui a Base Nacional Comum para a Formação Inicial de Professores da Educação Básica. Nossas considerações finais apontam para a problematização radical do discurso das evidências no campo da formação docente.
Base Nacional Comum de Formação de Professores da Educação Básica: dilemas, embates e pontos de vista
Authors: Da Silva Reis Graça Regina Franco , Marques Gonçalves Rafael
Published: February 2021

O presente texto tem como objetivo pensar a Base Nacional Comum de Formação (BNC-Formação) em sua proposta inicial e, a partir dela, a BNCC já implantada em sua completude, desde 2019, organizando nosso debate em quatro momentos: no primeiro, assumimos a partir de Santos (2002) que estas duas políticas são o retrato de uma razão indolente que se apresenta nas quatro formas explicitadas pelo autor. Indicamos que essa indolência está presente nas políticas de currículo e formação estabelecidas por um modelo “eficientista”, o qual retrata concepções de escola, aluno, professor e sociedade afastadas de um Estado Social de bem-estar que, entre outros aspectos, deveria ser constituído na diversidade e na diferença cultural. No segundo momento, tratamos sobre a BNCC compreendendo que é necessário conhecê-la para compreender melhor essa interdependência entre ela e a BNC-Formação e o ponto de vista que as unifica. No terceiro momento, trazemos uma discussão que perpassa as pesquisas com os cotidianos sobre os conceitos de raízes e opções (SANTOS, 2008) que demarcam nossos pontos de vista sobre currículo e formação docente. Por fim, destacamos que a formação de professores deveria estar pautada na ideia de que docentes são produtores de currículos, de seus materiais pedagógicos e dos processos de avaliação, e não meros transmissores do que vêm predeterminado pelas políticas educacionais que estão sendo desenhadas para formação docente.
Apresentação do Dossiê: As (novas) políticas curriculares para formação docente: paradoxos e problematizações possíveis
Authors: Da Silva Reis Graça Regina Franco , Borges de Oliveira Verônica
Published: February 2021

Texto de apresentação do dossiê: As (novas) políticas curriculares para formação docente: paradoxos e problematizações possíveis
Risk Factors of Recurrent Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Children Aged 3-60 Months at Primary Healthcare Centers (Puskemas) in Gresik
Authors: Asyiroh Hubah , Setyoningrum Retno Asih , Fatmaningrum Widati , Utomo Budi
Published: February 2021

Background: Acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) is one of the causes of morbidity and mortality in children. This infection may happen in either the upper or lower respiratory tracts. It may also happen recurrently in some children according to the risk factors they have. This study aimed to understand the correlation between risk factors and recurrent upper respiratory tract infection in children aged 3-60 months at primary healthcare centers (Puskesmas) in Gresik.Methods: This study used an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design. The amount of sample used was 110 patients with upper respiratory infection from October 2019-April 2020 at Puskesmas Industri and Puskesmas Alun-Alun, Gresik. Data analysis was performed using chi-square test and logistic regression. The data were taken from medical records as well as questionnaires.Results: The result of bivariate analysis showed that asthma (p = 0.000), exposure to cigarette smoke (p = 0.045), healthy home status (p = 0.002), and the occupancy of the house (p = 0.019) had correlations with the occurrence of recurrent upper respiratory infection. Meanwhile, the multivariate analysis presented some variables which had significant correlation with recurrent upper respiratory tract infection such as asthma (p= 0.000), exposure to cigarette smoke (p = 0.012), and healthy home status (p = 0.001).Conclusion: There was a strong relationship between asthma, exposure to cigarette smoke, and healthy home status with the occurrence of recurrent upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) in children.
Association between Sleep Disturbance with Weight-for-Height and Body Mass Index in Preschoolers
Authors: Rosyidah Laili Nur , Suryawan Ahmad , Irwadi Irfiansyah
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Hormonal changes affecting a child's growth occur in deep sleep phase of preschoolers. Nowadays, obesity is still a world health problem. In 2014, Indonesia had three growth problems, one of them was overweight in preschoolers. This study aimed to analyze the association between sleep disturbance with weight-for-height and body mass index (BMI) in preschoolers. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study by analyzing the tendency with boxplot charts and the association was measured by Mann-Whitney test and independent t-test. Data of 86 preschoolers aged 3-5 years old were obtained from three kindergartens in Kalijudan, Surabaya from March to September 2018. Z-score values and the categories of weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) and BMI-for-age Z-score (BAZ) refer to WHO Standards 2006 and sleep disturbances were measured by sleep disturbance scale for children (SDSC) questionnaire. Results: 65.12% of preschoolers had sleep disturbance and 66.28% of them had normal WHZ and BAZ. The average WHZ and BAZ value in preschoolers who had sleep disturbance (M = -0.2730; -0.2207) were higher than preschoolers who had no sleep disturbance (M = -0.6083; -0, 5920). Results from Mann-Whitney test showed the same significance value between WHZ and BAZ, p = 0.226. Independent t-test showed a significance value of p = 0.524 and p = 0.490, meaning that there was no statistically significant association. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant association between sleep disturbance with WHZ and BAZ in preschoolers aged 3-5 years old, however descriptively, the values of WHZ and BAZ in the group of preschoolers who had sleep disturbance tended to be higher.
Characteristics of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya
Authors: Yolanda Sherly , Primitasari Yulia , Sari Dewi Ratna
Published: February 2021

Introduction: This research aimed to describe the characteristics of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Methods: This was a descriptive study to determine the characteristics of POAG in 42 patients recruited from Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, from March to June 2018. This study was conducted because the epidemiological data about characteristics of patients with POAG in Surabaya are not available yet. Results: The ratio of male and female patients with POAG was 1:1, the largest age group of patients was 55-64 years old (38.10%), in which a few patients had history of hypertension (45.24%). Regression of visual acuity was the most common symptoms along with clinical sign of the patients (78.57%), and the most common location of POAG was both eyes (69.05%). Furthermore, the mean of visual acuity of patients with POAG was 0.38 ± 0.36, and the mean of intraocular pressure of patients with POAG was 22.22 ± 9.24 mmHg. Conclusion: POAG is generally bilateral disease that can occur in men and women with no differences with the largest age group of 55-64 years old, the most common symptom and clinical sign was regression of visual acuity.
A Comparative Study of Digital Image Segmentation Algorithms for Acute Myeloid Leukemia M1 White Blood Cells Images
Authors: Prakisya Nurcahya Pradana Taufik , Setiawan Andika
Published: February 2021

Various types of algorithms have been widely used for image segmentation in digital image processing. Every algorithm has features that make it unique to be applied to specific cases. One of the applications of image segmentation is to detect white blood cells. Certain objects such as blood cells must be able to be well segmented because their existence is very crucial to support the accuracy of disease detection related to haematology or the branch of medical science that studies the morphology of blood and blood-forming tissues. Three image segmentation algorithms were compared through this study: Seed Region Growing, Otsu Thresholding and Active Contour Without Edge. Comparative analysis of the three algorithms was done by counting the number of white blood cell objects that were successfully segmented with the actual number of cells that were counted manually. A total of 30 images of blood smears were taken from people suffering from acute myeloid leukemia M1. The average accuracy values from each algorithm were used to determine which image segmentation algorithm is the most suitable for application in the case of white blood cells segmentation. The results showed that Active Contour Without Edge is the most appropriate among the other algorithms
KREATIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN DARING UNTUK PELAJAR SEKOLAH MENENGAH DALAM PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Afghani Dzulfiqar Restu
Published: February 2021

Penutupan sementara lembaga pendidikan sebagai upaya menahan penyebaran pendemi covid-19 di seluruh dunia berdampak pada jutaan pelajar, tidak kecuali di Indonesia. Gangguan dalam proses belajar langsung antara siswa dan guru dan pembatalan penilaian belajar berdampak pada psikologis anak didik dan menurunnya kualitas keterampilan murid. seluruh aktivitas umumnya dilakukan di rumah melalui sistem dalam jaringan (daring). Dengan menggunakan sistem daring teknologi mendorong siswa agar bisa lebih inovatif dan kreatif dalam belajar (student centered learning).penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) Menganalisis wawasan lebih tentang pendidikan kreatif melalui media pembelajaran daring yang berhadapan langsung di masa pandemic covid-19. 2) Mendeskripsikan seberapa tinggi kekreatifan peserta didik dalam berpikir. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian referensi. Keabsahan data dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan perpanjangan waktu. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode komparasi konstanta. Hasil penelitian ini ada dua 1) Mengetahui pentingnya kreativitas siswa dalam pembelajaran daring 2) Strategi mengatasi masalah bagi siswa yang memiliki keterbatasan ruang untuk memperoleh kreativitas pendidikan daring di saat pendemi covid-19

Kata kunci: covid-19, kreativitas , pembelajaran daring
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD) BERBASIS ONLINE DITINJAU DARI HASIL BELAJAR DAN DISIPLIN BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN DESAIN GRAFIS PERCETAKAN
Authors: Putri Fadilla Risky , Maryono Dwi , Wihidayat Endar Suprih
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas  penerapan model pembelajaran  Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) berbasis online ditinjau dari hasil belajar dan disiplin belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran desain grafis. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI Multimedia II SMK N 6 Surakarta yang berjumlah 34 siswa. Metode yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen semu (quasi experimental design). Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini pre-test dan post-test control design. Pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran angket kedisiplinan belajar dan hasil belajar. Berdasarkan data penelitian, dapat diketahui bahwa hasil dari uji t sampel berpasangan data skor tes hasil belajar kelas XI Multimedia II nilai sig yaitu 0,00 < 0,05, sehingga dapat disimpulkan penerapan model pembelajaran Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) berbasis online berpengaruh meningkatkan hasil belajar. Hasil dari uji t sampel berpasangan data skor tes kedisiplinan belajar kelas XI Multimedia II nilai sig yaitu 0,00 < 0,05, sehingga dapat disimpulkan penerapan model pembelajaran Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) berbasis online berpengaruh meningkatkan kedisiplinan belajar.
Types of Syntactic Equivalence in the Qurʼānic Translations
Authors: Dror Yehudit
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe fundamental premise here is that linguistic equivalence at the microstructural level is not usually expected because languages are linguistically and semantically incongruous. Though this premise is basically correct the starting point of this article is that syntactic equivalence is possible and the translation process can involve a matching at the syntactic level even when some components or structures seems untranslatable. However, certain additional factors might affect the translator's choice. This article shows that the choices made by the Qurʼān's translators can usually be justified. On the other hand some inaccuracies arise from insufficient syntactic knowledge or sometimes the translator retains minimal similarity to the SL for no apparent reason. This may lead to misinterpretation of the intended meaning of the SL.
La recepción del humor en las versiones original y traducida de la narrativa de Naguib Mahfuz: Análisis empírico aplicado al caso de Jān al-Jalīlī
Authors: Mohamed Saad-Helal Saad
Published: February 2021

Nuestro objetivo es llevar a cabo un análisis empírico de la recepción del humor en la traducción española de Jān al-Jalīlī de Naguib Mahfuz. Pretendemos medir el grado de transmisión de la comicidad en comparación con la versión original, para desvelar cualquier relación entre dicho grado y la posibilidad de reproducir los mecanismos hilarantes en la lengua meta. Dos cuestionarios constituidos por 20 segmentos extraídos del texto original y su correspondiente traducción fueron sometidos al juicio de hablantes nativos de ambos idiomas. Los resultados han demostrado una tasa de transmisión de solo el 30% en la versión traducida. No ha quedado demostrada la existencia de ninguna relación entre esta tasa y la reproducibilidad de los mecanismos hilarantes en español, pero sí de dos factores que pueden contribuir a la disminución del humor: a) una traducción imprecisa y b) una empatía que puede sentir el receptor con respecto al tema que motiva la risa.
Wave-Slope Soaring of the Brown Pelican
Authors: Stokes Ian , Lucas Andrew
Published: February 2021

Background: From the laboratory at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, it is common to see the brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis) traveling along the crests of ocean waves just offshore of the surf zone. When flying in this manner, the birds can travel long distances without flapping, centimeters above the ocean's surface. Here we derive a theoretical framework for assessing the energetic savings related to this behavior, `wave-slope soaring,' in which an organism in flight takes advantage of localized updrafts caused by traveling ocean surface gravity waves. Methods: The energy cost of steady, constant altitude flight in and out of ground effect are analyzed as controls. Potential flow theory is used to quantify the ocean wave-induced wind associated with near-shoaling, weakly nonlinear, shallow water ocean surface gravity waves moving through an atmosphere initially at rest. Using perturbation theory and the Green's function for Laplace's equation in 2D with Dirichlet boundary conditions, we obtain integrals for the horizontal and vertical components of the wave-induced wind in a frame of reference moving with the wave. Wave-slope soaring flight is then analyzed using an energetics-based approach for waves under a range of ocean conditions and the body plan of P. occidentalis . Results: For ground effect flight, we calculate a ~ 15 - 25% reduction in cost of transport as compared with steady, level flight out of ground effect. When wave-slope soaring is employed at flight heights ≤ 2m in typical ocean conditions (2m wave height, 15s period), we calculate 60-70% reduction in cost of transport as compared with flight in ground effect. A relatively small increase in swell amplitude or decrease in flight height allows up to 100% of the cost of transport to be offset by wave-slope soaring behavior. Conclusions: The theoretical development presented here suggests there are energy savings associated with wave-slope soaring. Individual brown pelicans may significantly decrease their cost of transport utilizing this mode of flight under typical ocean conditions. Thus wave-slope soaring may provide fitness benefit to these highly mobile organisms that depend on patchy prey distribution over large home ranges.
Reporting Quality of Clinical Practice Guidelines Regarding Gout and Hyperuricemia According to the RIGHT checklist: Systematic Review
Authors: Wang Can , Luo Xufei , Li Maichao , Cui Lingling , Li Xinde , Han Lin , Wang Xuefeng , Ren Wei , He Yuwei , Sun Wenyan , Li Changgui , Chen Yaolong , Liu Zhen
Published: February 2021

Background The Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT) checklist was used to assess the reporting quality of 2009–2019 Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) regarding gout and hyperuricemia, aimed to improve the reporting quality of future guidelines.Methods We searched PubMed, the Chinese Biomedical Literature database, the Wan Fang Database, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure from January 2009 to June 2019 for guidelines regarding gout and hyperuricemia. We also searched the websites of guideline development organizations (the Guidelines International Network, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, the American College of Rheumatology, and the European League Against Rheumatism) (EULAR). Furthermore, supplementary guidelines reported in included articles were systematically searched, as well as Medlive and Google Scholar.Results Seventeen guidelines were included, of which one was in Chinese and 16 were in English. The mean reporting rate of the 35 items specified was 14.9 (42.5%), only five CPGs (29.4%) had a reporting rate >50%. Of the 35 items, three were very frequently reported. The reporting proportion of the seven domains (Basic information, Background, Evidence, Recommendations, Review and quality assurance, Funding and declaration and management of interests, and Other information) were 64.7%, 36.8%, 50.6% 50.6%, 42.9%, 8.82%, 33.8%, and 31.4%, respectively.Conclusion The reporting quality of the present guidelines for gout and hyperuricemia is relatively poor. We suggest that the RIGHT reporting checklist should be used by CPG developers to ensure higher reporting quality of future guidelines.
Evaluation of Economic Loss of 2018/2019 African Swine Fever outbreaks in China
Authors: You Shibing , Liu Tingyi , Zhang Miao , Zhao Xue , Wu Bi , Wang Yanzhen , Li Juan , Wei Xinjie , Dong Yizhe , Shi Baofeng
Published: February 2021

This study evaluates the total economic loss due to the outbreaks of African Swine Fever (ASF) in China between August 2018 and July 2019. We propose a systematic framework to assess both the direct economic loss on the Chinses breeding industry and indirect economic loss on other sectors. Our evaluation system integrates various statistical analysis methods by applying the cost-loss model and substitution indicator method to calculate direct economic losses and using input-output (IO) model to estimate indirect economic losses. The proposed method provides an innovative and commonly applicable way to deal with the missing data that needs to be adjusted and repaired to be used for economic shock evaluation. We find that total economic loss caused by ASF is 224.768 billion yuan consisting of 99.042 billion yuan direct economic loss of the breeding industry and 125.726 billion yuan indirect economic loss of other industries. Our findings suggest that the overall impact of ASF on China's national economy is relatively small, mainly local and short-term impacts on the swine industry.
Development of A Framework for Managing Severe Burns Through A 17-Year Retrospective Analysis of Burn Epidemiology and Outcomes
Authors: chen ling , he xiaochong , xian jishu , liao jianmei , luo yue , wang zonghua , li ning , huang lingfang , chen xuanji
Published: February 2021

Background

Burns are one of the most common injuries in daily life for all ages of population. This study was to investigate the epidemiology and outcomes among burn patients in one of the largest burn centers in the southwest of China.
Methods

The study was performed at the Institute of Burn Research in the first affiliated with the Army Medical University (AMU). A total of 17939 burn patients were included in this retrospective study. Information regarding demographic, burn characteristics, and the burn severity of ABSI were collected, calculated and compared.
Results

The age ranged from 257 days to 95 years old. Scalding and flame were the two most common causes to burn injuries, comprising of 91.96% in total. Limbs, head/face/neck, and trunk were the most frequently occurred burn sites, with the number and the percent of 12324 (68.70%), 7989 (44.53%), and 7771 (43.32%), respectively. The average total body surface area (TBSA) was 13.64 ± 16.83% (median 8%) with a range of 0.1 ~ 100%. A total of 874 (4.9%) patients had TBSA > 50%. The presence of a burn with an inhalation injury was confirmed in 543 patients (3.03%). The average LOS was 32.11 ± 65.72 days (median: 17days). The gender of male, the older age and the full-thickness burns were significant contributors to high medical cost. The gender of male, the older age and the full-thickness burns were significantly associated with high medical cost and were contributors to the mortality. Eventually, the retrospective analysis resulted in the development of a framework of burn management continuum used for developing strategies to prevent and manage severe burns.
Conclusion

The annual number of burn injuries has kept decreasing while the cure rates of severe burns have improved; However, the burn severity and the economic burden were still in a high level. The gender difference and age difference should be considered when making individualized interventions and rehabilitative treatments.
Protein Supplementation Under Resistance Training Conditions in Elderly Patients with Sarcopenia: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Cheng Rui , Ye Xiao-long , Qin Xu-jun , Wan Yi , Xu Meng
Published: February 2021

Background: The efficacy of interventions for elderly patients with sarcopenia has received increasing attention. Exercise and nutrition have been recognized as effective treatments for sarcopenia in many studies. However, evidence-based support from relevant studies is still lacking. Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, VIP, CNKI, and SinoMed databases were searched. The basis for the diagnosis of sarcopenia, general condition of the subjects, duration and methods of exercise/nutritional therapy, outcome indicators, and quality of evidence were evaluated, and a meta-analysis of differences in treatment outcomes between the groups from baseline to the end of each study was conducted. Results: A total of 1860 papers were screened, including six randomized controlled trials, and the effects of protein intervention under exercise conditions on muscle mass, strength, and function in elderly patients with sarcopenia were investigated. The results showed that protein supplementation under resistance exercise conditions had the following effects on elderly patients with sarcopenia: there was a significant difference in knee flexion and extension strength (p = 0.02), grip strength (p = 0.02), fat mass (p = 0.04), and normal pace and pace (p = 0.0008 and p = 0.0010, respectively) between the intervention group and baseline data.Conclusion: The meta-analysis revealed some positive effects of protein intervention treatment under exercise conditions on elderly patients with sarcopenia. However, the quality of evidence is low. High-quality randomized controlled trials should be conducted in the future to provide a better clinical basis. Keywords: Sarcopenia, Exercise, Proteins
In Silico Investigation of Symptom Development Model Based on Coat Protein Interactions of Two Cucumber Mosaic Virus Strains
Authors: Akbarimotlagh Masoud , Arab Seyed Shahriar , Palukaitis Peter , Shams-bakhsh Masoud
Published: February 2021

Background Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) causes serious diseases in agricultural crops worldwide, predominantly in vegetable and ornamental plants. A critical interaction has been reported between the plant Ferredoxin I (Fd I) protein with the coat protein (CP) of the M strain of CMV (M-CMV) but not by the CP of the Q strain of CMV (Q-CMV). To ascertain the most likely symptom development model based on CMV CP interacting with the plant Fd I protein, further in silico investigation was performed on the CPs of the two strains (severe chlorosis symptoms (M-CMV) and mild symptoms (Q-CMV)). The biological assembly of the CMV CP is composed of hexameric and pentameric units. Result The results showed that there were significantly different interactions between pentameric and hexameric form of M and Q-CMV CPs with Fd I. Pentameric structural forms of M-CMV CP interact strongly with Fd I compared to pentameric structures of Q-CMV CP, while there were not significantly different in affinity for hexameric structures between M and Q-CMV CPs. Conclusion Accordingly, it can be deduced that probably pentameric structures of M-CMV (higher pathogenicity) CP block activation of plant Fd I protein. Therefore, it can be concluded that trapping Fd I in the complex of pentameric structures can lead to inhibition of the activity of plant Fd I in the photosynthetic electron transport chain leading the severe symptom development seen in M-CMV infected plants but not in Q-CMV infected plants. It seems likely that any factor that inhibits the interaction of CMV CPs with plant Fd I can prevent this symptom development.
Exogenous IGF-1 improves tau pathology and neuronal pyroptosis in high-fat diet mice with cognitive impairment
Authors: Sui Guanghong , Wang Lu , Yang Caixia , Guo Mengtian , Xiong Xiangyang , Chen Zheng , Wang Feng
Published: February 2021

Background Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) improves obesity-induced cognitive impairment, but its mechanism is not fully clarified. The aim of the study was to reveal whether IGF-1 treated cognitive impairment by improving tau pathology and neuronal pyroptosis in high-fat diet mice, and to further explore its molecular mechanisms involved.Methods During in vitro experiment, C57BL/6J mice were fed with high-fat diet, and were treated with PEG-IGF-1, IGF-1 receptor blocker AXL1717, HO-1 blocker Znpp IX or their combinations. Cognitive function was evaluated using Morris water maze. Expression of Nrf-2, HO-1, p-tau, NLRP3, Caspase-1 and IL-1β in hippocampus was determined using western blotting. Pyroptosis rate in hippocampus was measured using flow cytometry. During in vivo experiment, HN-h cells were treated with palmic acid, pyroptosis blocker nonecrosulfonamide or their combinations. The expression of the proteins and pyroptosis rate were also measured using western blotting and flow cytometry.Results During in vitro experiment, high-fat diet mice showed cognitive impairment, hyperphospharylation of tau protein and significant neuronal pyroptosis in hippocampus compared with the sham mice. After exogenous IGF-1 treatment, these abnormalities were reversed, and Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway was activated. Inhibition of such signaling pathway using IGF-1 receptor blocker or HO-1 blocker re-deteriorated cognitive function, neuronal pyroptosis and tau pathology in hippocampus. During in vivo experiment, inhibition of pyroptosis using its blocker improved tau pathology in palmic acid-treated HN-h cells. Conclusion Exogenous IGF-1 improved cognitive impairment, tau pathology and neuronal pyroptosis induced by high-fat diet through activation of Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
Landlockedness, Corruption, and Economic Growth in BIMSTEC
Authors: Chaudhary Arbind
Published: February 2021

This study examines the impact of landlockedness and corruption on economic growth of BIMSTEC, a bridge between blue economy and mountain economy, under panel data. It covers seven countries over 7 years, 2012-2018. The investigation conforms that the presence of landlockedness hampers economic growth rate. BIMSTEC has two landlocked economies: Nepal and Bhutan. Similarly, corruption reveals greasing in the wheel situation, and it will turn into sand in the wheel, when it crosses the threshold level|49 point corruption perception index. The results are robust under the pooled regression. The study is intact for boosting liberal governance, and easy access for landlocked states to the coast.
Determinants of Consumption-Based Carbon Emissions in Chile: Application of Non-Linear ARDL
Authors: Adebayo Tomiwa Sunday , Udemba Edmund Ntom , Ahmed Zahoor , Kirikkaleli Dervis
Published: February 2021

In recent years, a growing number of scholars have employed various proxies of environmental degradation to understand the reasons behind rising environmental degradation. However, very few studies consider consumption-based carbon emissions even though a clear understanding of the impact of consumption patterns is essential to redirecting the pattern to more sustainable consumption. Thus, this study takes a step forward by using consumption-based carbon emissions (CCO2) as a proxy of environmental degradation using the novel non-linear ARDL. To the understanding of the investigators, no prior studies have investigated the drivers of consumption-based carbon emissions utilizing non-linear ARDL. The study employed ADF and KSS (non-linear) tests to check the stationary level of the data series. Additionally, the symmetric and asymmetric ARDL approaches are utilized to explore cointegration and long-run linkages. The results could not find symmetric cointegration among variables; however, the empirical estimates divulge the long-run asymmetric connection of indicators with the CCO2 emissions. The novel results from the asymmetric ARDL unfold that negative and positive changes in economic growth deteriorate the quality of the environment. Interestingly, a reduction in economic growth has a more dominant contribution to environmental degradation. Moreover, positive changes in renewable energy usage improve the quality of the environment in Chile inferring that Chile can achieve a reduction in environmental degradation by boosting renewable energy consumption. Surprisingly, the study found the ineffectiveness of technological innovation in reducing consumption-based carbon emissions which implies that technological innovation in Chile is not directed towards manufacturing green technology. Finally, the policy implications are discussed to reduce consumption-based carbon emissions.
Maternal Healthcare Services Along Indo-Bangladesh Bordering Districts: Exploring Effects of Social Determinants on Access to Maternal Healthcare Services.
Authors: Nath Nayan Jyoti , Talukdar Bedanga , Shukla Tanu , Sharma Sangeeta
Published: February 2021

Background

Regardless of government efforts toward ameliorating easy access and utilization of healthcare services, the disparity in Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is significantly higher across states of India. Post-Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), equity in healthcare largely remain in the health policy discourse. The policy implementation's effectiveness remained confined to the central geographical location, remotely reaching the peripheral region. The study seeks to assess socio-demographic and household wealth's effect on the access and utilization of healthcare services among women. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 355 women aged 15–49 years in three Indian districts of Assam that share an international border with Bangladesh.
Results

The study's findings reported that utilization and accessibility are primarily influenced by households' wealth and women's age. Education qualification has no significant effect on healthcare utilization. Younger women from wealthier households are more likely to utilize government healthcare services in India's borderline regions.
Conclusion

Besides educating women, the availability of healthcare resources and empowering the livelihood resources in the peripheral region should be prioritized. In these fragile areas, efforts to empower women and their families to seek healthcare should be strengthened, which shall enhance well-being.
Title: Perspectives on an Iterative and Bidirectional Information System in Western Kenya and Its Role in Improving Health Outcomes
Authors: Ochieng Beverly M. , Kaseje Dan C.
Published: February 2021

Background

A perennial problem in information systems is the unidirectional flow of information. Bidirectional information systems are mechanisms by which consumers and providers generate, discuss and use information at each level of data collection. This paper describes opportunities in the health service delivery system for bidirectional information flow that can be established as part of the health information system to inform decisions, planning, and action by both providers and consumers of care.
Methods

The study was quasi-experimental and involved pre and post-intervention, cross-sectional surveys at intervention and control sites. The intervention was a Community Based Health Information System. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected. The surveys covered five health facilities in the intervention sites and five in the control sites in each of the six study districts. Five clients were interviewed at each intervention and control health facility. Communities served by the selected health facilities were included in household cluster sample surveys. Thirty clusters of 10 households, each with under-five children, were included in each community served by the selected health facilities. Quantitative data were cross-tabulated to compare health outcomes at intervention and control sites. A content analysis was performed on the qualitative data; themes and sub-themes that identified opportunities for bidirectional information-sharing were identified.
Results

We identified five nodal points in the health system that provide opportunities for bidirectional information sharing at the household, community, and health facility levels. Immunization coverage, skilled delivery, water treatment, and latrine use improved more at the intervention than control sites. Where all of the mechanisms were implemented, there was better performance in outcomes.
Conclusion

A conscious engagement of service providers and consumers in dialogue, using available health system information to iteratively inform decisions and actions, improves health outcomes.