bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NIKOLAI OSTROVSKY: «A PLACE IN THE IRON BATTLE FOR POWER». RUSSIA ON THE EVE AND AFTER OCTOBER. ARTICLE TWO
Authors:   Institute of philosophy of the Russian academy of sciences, Nikolsky Sergei A.
Published: January 2021

To reveal the theme of Russia after October, 1917, Nickolai Ostrovsky's book «How steel was tempered» is one of the most significant. In it, in its purest form, there is a portrait of an ideal revolutionary – a Bolshevik, merciless not only to the enemy, but to himself and others as well, a man, from whom, according to the poet's figurative expression, there could be made the strongest nails in the world. The book was enthusiastically received by the thirteen million army of party members and Komsomol members. For some, Pavel Korchagin was an ideal to emulate, for others – an image that reinforced their own myths about past heroic deeds, allowing them to settle warmly in the present. For the authorities, the story, cleared by censorship from the Bolshevik democracy of the first years, was an artistic forerunner of the future Stalinist «Short course of the AUCP history». One of the most thoughtful Soviet literary critics, Leo Anninsky, considered the story to be a story about people «engaged to an idea». In a sense, this is true. However, the engagement prevented both Ostrovsky and his Soviet interpreter from seeing the real historical process in its tragic depth and contradictions. For the hero Pavel Korchagin, there are neither the beginnings of Stalinist totalitarianism, nor the tragedy of a collectivized, starving village. Living as if out of time, he preaches the same thing – a class struggle that never fades for a moment. It seems that the fire of struggle will be extinguished and the hero's life will be interrupted. In fact, this is not allowed to happen: the constant intensity of the class struggle, which, as Stalin said, will grow more and more as we move towards socialism, is the secret of Soviet totalitarianism, represented and justified in an artistic form by Nikolai Ostrovsky.
TRANSFORMATION OF FEMININE STEREOTYPES IN SOVIET CULTURE IN THE BEGINNING OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
Authors:   Yaroslavl state theater institute, Erokhina Tatiyana I.
Published: January 2021

The article examines the cultural projects of the new personality presented in the national culture of the Silver age and the Soviet culture of the first post-revolutionary decade. The analysis of the concept of a new person is given through feminine stereotypes, which in the culture at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries had ontological significance. The author focuses on the transformation of strategies of behavior expected from women, which were in demand in the culture of Russian symbolism and Soviet culture of the early twentieth century. The article identifies the main feminine images that have developed in Russian culture, and also presents the evolution and formation of new feminine stereotypes based on the analysis of theoretical texts and socio-cultural practices of poets and public figures at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries. In the course of the research, the genesis and evolution of feminine stereotypes in symbolist projects were comprehended, and the feminine images presented in the life-creation of Z. Gippius were analyzed. The main trends in the synthesis and removal of binary oppositions of masculine and feminine principles, as well as the ideas on the ambiguity and uncertainty of images of femininity are noted. The author focuses on the life-creation of Z. Gippius, who created original and popular in the future in the history of culture feminine stereotypes. When referring to the soviet period, the author notes the features of continuity and new trends in the formation of female stereotypes associated with ideological attitudes and the need to create new cultural patterns. Referring to the theoretical works and life-making of A. Kollontai, the author emphasizes the genetic connection of feminine stereotypes created in the culture of symbolism with the new concept of women of the Soviet period, and also notes the new attitudes of revolutionaries associated with the cult of collectivism and the need to return the binary oppositions of the feminine and masculine in culture, represented at a new level.
ERGONYMS ON THE SIGNS OF A PROVINCIAL CITY: LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL ASPECT
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after K. D. Ushinsky, Gaponova Zhanna K.
Published: January 2021

The nominative space of a provincial town is the subject of the author's attention in the proposed article. An important aspect in consideration of functioning of signs, posters, and other objects in town space is a linguoculturological aspect meaning the analysis of interrelation of the language environment of the town and its inclusiveness into a sociocultural situation. The article analyzes various terminological designations of the names of urban objects in linguistics: urbanonyms, ergonyms, emporonyms, firmonyms and others. The author, referring to the opinions of well-known onomatologists, focuses the attention on the term ergonym, justifying the need to use it to denote the names of shops and institutions. The rethinking of names, according to onomatologists, actualizes the processes of the sociocultural life of the town associated with linguistic problems including games with graphemes. The work examines the current language process reflected in the language of the provincial town – the use of Cyrillic letters in the names of shops and institutions. The study of the naming trends of the provincial town allowed the author to talk about the cultural value of the names. The updating of Cyrillic letters on signs has become a means for forming the value and meaning space of a provincial town, on the one hand, and the process of creating errors on the other. The article describes linguistic contradictions: combinations of modern borrowings with pre-revolutionary graphics, mixing of graphic styles, processes of Eurolatinisation and retrorization, inconsistent use of graphemes. The author of the article concludes that as a result of rethinking the usual nominations in the spirit of pre-revolutionary design of urban space, a special linguistic and cultural phenomenon of a provincial town is formed, striving during globalization for authenticity and identity, which is perceived differently by citizens.
Adsorption kinetics of Remazol Brilliant Blue R dye from liquid effluents by bovine bone charcoal
Authors: Lima Lívia Katia dos Santos , Quintiliano Júnior Antônio Vilas Boas , Zeferino André Henrique , Duarte Ana Paula
Published: January 2021

The textile industry stands out for generating effluents with high levels of dyes, which have a high polluting potential. Among these dyes, the Remazol Brilliant Blue R azo dye, is one of the most used for dyeing wool and cotton, being released in excess on these effluents. Intended for the carcinogenic and mutagenic potential of this type of dyes, several researches are developed in search of economical technologies for their removal. An adsorption is a viable technique, since several materials can be used for this purpose. Bovine bone activated carbon, as it is a residue from the livestock industry that is easily obtained, has been studied as an adsorbent material in the removal of dyes. Therefore, the objective of this project was to evaluate the performance of the adsorption kinetics of the Remazol Brilliant Blue R dye from the effluents using bovine bone activated carbon. The experiments were carried out in batches, with solutions concentrations of 20, 50 and 100 ppm, and the mathematical models of pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion were adjusted to the experimental data. For concentrations of 20 and 50 ppm, the model that best fits was the pseudo-first order, while for the concentration of 100 ppm the pseudo-second order model obtained the best result with R2 of 0.992. The intraparticle diffusion model showed that the higher the concentration of the dye in solution, the greater the thickness of the boundary layer and that the intraparticle diffusion does not control the adsorption process in any of the study criteria.
Pengaruh ukuran perusahaan dan leverage terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel moderasi
Authors: Khotimah Siwi Nur , Mustikowati Rita Indah , Sari Ati Retna
Published: January 2021

This study aims to examine and explain the effect of company size and leverage on firm value with profitability as a moderating variable in Real Estate and Property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2016-2018. This type of research is explanatory research, testing classical assumptions, and analyzed using a moderated regression analysis, and using the t test. The number of samples is 32 companies, and the sampling method used is purposive sampling. This research variable consists of company size and leverage as an independent variable, company value as the dependent variable, and profitability as a moderating variable. The analysis showed that partially company size and leverage had no significant effect on firm value, profitability had a negative effect on firm value and profitability weakened the effect of company size on firm value and profitability strengthened the effect of leverage on firm value. In this study, it can provide implications for a company to consider factors of company size, leverage, and profitability, and can also be used as a reference by other companies in business strategy, understand aspects of the industry they are involved in, and pay more attention to the development of the environment that can affect the company's business so that it can increase the value of the company.
Pengaruh struktur modal, profitabilitas, intellectual capital dan keputusan pendanaan terhadap nilai perusahaan
Authors: Marut Seltiana Srykoranti , Halim Abdul , Hariani Lilik Sri
Published: January 2021

This study aims to test the influence of capital structure, profitability, intellectual capital, funding decisions on the value of companies, property and real estate sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research method uses quantitative methods with multiple linear regression models. Sampling method using purposive sampling,. The variables studied are capital structure, profitability, intellectual capital, funding decisions and the value of the company. The results of this study showed that simultaneously variable capital structure, profitability, intellectual capital and funding decisions have a significant effect on the value of the company with a significant value of F-test of 0.000. While individually (Partial) variable capital structure (DER) profitability (ROA), intellectual capital (VAIC), funding decisions (DAR) have a positive effect on the value of the company (TOBINS Q). This research proves that intellectual capital has a dominant influence on the value of companies with a standardized regression coefficient value of 0.266 greater than other variables that are researched. Researchers should then use other variables that are expected to affect the value of the company such as dividend policy because the increase in dividends gives a positive signal to investors so as to increase the value of the company
Ciclos de trabajo-confinamiento para reducir la transmisión de Covid-19: evidencia y recomendaciones en el contexto de México
Authors: Pérez-Ferrer Carolina , López-Olmedo Nancy , Bautista-Arredondo Sergio , Colchero M Arantxa , Stern Dalia , Zepeda-Tello Rodrigo , Torres-Álvarez Rossana , Reyes-Sánchez Francisco , Barrientos-Gutiérrez Tonatiuh
Published: January 2021

Este artículo propone intervenciones estructurales dirigidas a la reorganización del trabajo para evitar un repunte de casos de Covid-19, permitiendo la continuidad de la actividad económica. Se resume la evidencia disponible acerca de los ciclos de trabajo-confinamiento y la posible aplicación de ciclos de cuatro días de trabajo por tres de confinamiento (4x3) en el contexto mexicano. También se discuten otras intervenciones como la continuación del teletrabajo en algunos sectores y el escalonamiento de las jornadas de trabajo como medidas complementarias a los ciclos de trabajo-confinamiento. Esta discusión se da en el contexto de alta informalidad y escasos recursos para absorber una pérdida importante de la productividad por las empresas medianas y pequeñas en México. Se considera la necesidad de implementar apoyos para que personas y empresas puedan mitigar pérdidas en salarios y ganancias tanto del sector formal como informal.
Development of a Gene Signature Associated with Iron Metabolism in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Qin Junqi , Xu Zhanyu , Qin Fanglu , Wei Jiangbo , Yuan Liqiang , Sun Yu , Deng Kun , Zheng Tiaozhan , Li Shikang
Published: January 2021

Background: There are few studies on the role of iron metabolism genes in predicting the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Our research aims to screen key genes and to establish a prognostic signature that can predict the overall survival rate of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Methods: Genes related to iron metabolism were downloaded from the GeneCards database; in addition, RNA-Seq data and corresponding clinical materials of 594 adenocarcinoma patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) were downloaded. GSE42127 of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was also further verified. The multi-gene prognostic signature was constructed by the Cox regression model of the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO). The clinical applicability of the model and its connection with immune cell infiltration was then analyzed. Results: We constructed a prediction signature with 12 genes (HAVCR1, SPN, GAPDH, ANGPTL4, PRSS3, KRT8, LDHA, HMMR, SLC2A1, CYP24A1, LOXL2, TIMP1) in the TCGA test set, and counted the patient's risk value based on this 12-gene signature; patients were split into high and low-risk groups. The survival graph results revealed that the survival prognosis between the high and low-risk groups was significantly different (TCGA: P <0.001, GEO: P = 0.001). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that the risk value is a predictor of patient OS (P<0.001). The area under the time-dependent ROC curve (AUC) indicated that our signature had a relatively high true positive rate when predicting the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS of the TCGA cohort, which was 0.735, 0.711, and 0.601, respectively. The analysis of the nomogram and calibration curve showed the predictive ability of the gene model. In addition, immune-related pathways were highlighted in the functional enrichment analysis, and immune response between the two risk groups was observed to be significantly different. All of the results proved the reliability of our iron metabolism-related gene risk prognostic model. Conclusion: We developed and verified a 12-gene prognostic signature, which can help predict the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma and offer a variety of targeted options for the precise treatment of lung cancer.
Substituent-induced electronic localization of nickel phthalocyanine with enhanced electrocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Chen Kejun , Cao Maoqi , Lin Yiyang , Fu Junwei , Liao Hanxiao , Xie Feng , Zhou Yajiao , Yang Baopeng , Liu Kang , Chen Guozhu , Li HongMei , Wu Dawang , Qiu Xiaoqing , Hu Junhua , Zheng Xu-Sheng , Shakouri Mohsen , Xiao Qunfeng , Hu Yongfeng , Li Jun , Liu Min
Published: January 2021

Designing efficient catalysts with high activity and selectivity is desirable and challenging for CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). Nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) is a promising molecule catalyst for CO2RR. However, the pristine NiPc suffers from poor CO2 adsorption and activation due to its electron deficiency of Ni–N4 site, which leads to inferior activity and stability during CO2RR. Here, we develop a substituent-induced electronic localization strategy to improve CO2 adsorption and activation, and thus catalytic performance. Theoretic calculations and experimental results indicate that the electronic localization on the Ni site induced by electron-donating substituents (hydroxyl or amino) of NiPc greatly enhances the CO2 adsorption and activation, which is positively associated with the electron-donating abilities of substituents. Employing the optimal catalyst of amino-substituted NiPc to catalyze CO2 into CO in flow cell can achieve an ultrahigh activity and selectivity of 99.8% at the current densities up to 400 mA cm-2. This work offers a novel strategy to regulate the electronic structure of the active site by introducing substituents for highly efficient CO2RR.
Prospects of Shotcrete Shaft Lining for Underground Sustainable Mining
Authors: Samanta Binay Kumar , Singh Upendra Kumar
Published: January 2021

Investment in underground mining is coming down all over the world, but deep reserves are available for extraction. Conventional sinking and lining of mine shaft projets or pits for winding men and materials from deep underground mines are getting very costly and being deferred. We found Polish technology of Shaft sinking with monolithic mining very efficient in Sudamdih, Monidih and Satgram projects in India. Russian collaboration for Jhanjra for shaft sinking and mine construction for large mine has been successful. Underground production is declining world over, while remaining reserves are at greater depths. Designing and coding original model programs by collecting actual field data to run the programs to determine cost benefit at different depths with standard diameters has been done. Most companies are avoiding deep mining projects, because of exorbitant cost of shaft sinking. As per experience of the researcher, pre-split blasting and shotcrete lining can be much faster and cheaper. So model programs have been designed and run with practical field cost and technical data, as exemplified in this paper. Future of deep pit mining will be assured with successful adoption of the method in projects, especially through hard rock strata
Disruption of gastric mucous granule exocytosis by Helicobacter pylori virulence factor CagA
Authors: Ninomiya Ryo , Kubo Shuichi , Kajiwara Tooru , Koizumi Hiroko , Tokunaga Akinori , Uchida Tomohisa , Nabeka Hiroaki , Doihara Takuya , Li Cheng , Shimokawa Tetsuya , Matsuda Seiji , Kobayashi Naoto , Murakami Kazunari , Aigaki Toshiro , Fukuda Mitsunori , yamaoka Yoshio , Hamada Fumihiko
Published: January 2021

Helicobacter pylori infection is the strongest known risk factor of stomach cancer. Strains harboring the virulence factor CagA (cytotoxin-associated gene A) significantly stimulate host inflammatory response, which increases the risk of ulceration and cancer. However, the mechanisms by which CagA triggers prolonged inflammation with mucosal damage remain elusive. Based on a large-scale genetic screen using Drosophila, we identified a novel CagA target Synaptotagmin-like protein 2-a, Slp2-a, an effector of small GTPase Rab27. Using gastric organoid-derived monolayers of polarized mucous cells, we demonstrated that CagA inhibited Slp2-a-mediated docking of mucous granules to the plasma membrane by direct binding to Slp2-a. We further observed aberrant cytoplasmic retention of mucus in human gastric mucosa infected with CagA-expressing strains. These results suggest that CagA could be disrupting the protective mucous barrier by inhibiting Slp2-a-mediated mucous granule exocytosis, which may lead to mucosal damage from luminal acid and pepsin to promote inflammation leading to cancer.
Metabolomic Profiling of Brain Protective Effect of Edaravine on Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Mice
Authors: Ma Hui-fen , Su Lin-jie , Zhang Da-wei , Gong Shuai-shuai , Liu Yi-ning , Zhang Yuan-yuan , Li Fang , Kou Junping
Published: January 2021

Edaravine (EDA) injection has seen extensively applied in clinic for treating stroke. Nevertheless, the metabolite signatures and underlying mechanisms associated with EDA remains unclear, which deserves further elucidation for improving the accuracy of EDA usage. Ischemia stroke was simulated by intraluminal occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery for 1 h followed by reperfusion for 24 h in mice. Brain infarct size, neurogical deficits and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level were improved by EDA. Significantly differential metabolites were screened with untargeted metabolomics by cross-comparisons with pre- and post-treatment of EDA under cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The possibly involved pathways, such as valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, were enriched with differential metabolites and relatively regulatory enzymes, respectively. The network of differential metabolites was constructed for integral exhibition of metabolic characteristics. Targeted analysis of taurine, an important metabolic marker, was performed for further validating. The decreased level of taurine was confirmed in MCAO/R mice and increased by EDA. The inhibition of EDA on cerebral endothelial cell apoptosis was confirmed by TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) stain. Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSAD), the rate-limiting enzyme of taurine generation, significantly increased along with inhibiting endothelial cells apoptosis after treatment of EDA. Thus, CSAD, as the possible new therapeutic target of EDA was selected and validated by western blotting and immunofluorescence. Together, this study provided the metabolite signatures and identified CSAD as an unrecognized therapeutic intervention for EDA in treatment of ischaemic stroke via inhibiting brain endothelial cells apoptosis.
Antibiotics-induced Intestinal Dysbacteriosis Caused Behavioral Alternations and Neuronal Activation in Different Brain Regions in Mice
Authors: Wang Pan , Tu Ke , Cao Peng , Yang Yue-Fan , Zhang Hao , Qiu Xin-Tong , Zhang Ming-Ming , Wu Xiao-Jun , Yang Hui , Chen Tao
Published: January 2021

Antibiotics affect gut microbial composition, leading to Gut-Brain-Axis imbalance and neurobehavioral changes. However, the intestinal dysbacteriosis associated behavior changes are not consistently reported. It is not clear whether these changes are transient or permanent. The neuroprotective effect of probiotics against intestinal dysbacteriosis induced alternations needs to be determined either. In the present study, oral antibiotic mixture including Ampicillin, Streptomycin, and Clindamycin was utilized to induce intestinal dysbacteriosis in mice. Antibiotics application triggered mechanical allodynia in von frey test and spontaneous pain in open field test. It also resulted in increased anxiety and depressive-like behaviors and damaged spatial memory performance. After application of probiotics, the mechanical allodynia and spontaneous pain were alleviated significantly. The anxiety behaviors, depressive-like behaviors and recognitive performance were ameliorative as well. By using Fos protein as a marker, it is found that the sensory, emotion and memory related brain regions were activated in mice with intestinal dysbacteriosis. Our study is not only helpful for enriching our basic knowledge for understanding the changed pain responses and related brain disorders in antibiotics-induced dysbacteriosis mice, but also beneficial for providing a more comprehensive mechanistic explanation for the regulation of antibiotics and probiotics on gut microbiota and relevant alternations in animal neurological behaviors.
Mystery of Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome (RCVS): An Interesting Case Report
Authors: Togha Mansoureh , Babaei Mahsa , Ghelichi Parvin Ganji
Published: January 2021

BackgroundReversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome is a condition of transient cerebral vascular spasms presenting with recurrent thunderclap headaches and recovery within three months. Several probable triggers and underlying factors, such as sex hormones, vasoactive drugs, head trauma or surgery, and tumors, have been implicated.Case presentationIn this paper, we present a 53-year-old woman with severe thunderclap headaches and normal lab tests who was radio-clinically diagnosed with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome and treated accordingly. Then, she experienced the recurrence of RCVS after about 2 years and headaches after one year in association with high blood pressure, high blood sugar, hypothyroidism, hyperlipidemia, and a urine metanephrine level of 5 times higher than the normal limit, suggesting a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. After confirmation of the diagnosis with further imaging studies, surgical removal of the tumor resolved all the signs and symptoms. ConclusionOften underdiagnosed, pheochromocytoma could be an important condition associated with RCVS. It is important for clinicians to bear this diagnosis in mind while dealing with similar cases of recurrent thunderclap headaches.
Transcriptomic Analysis of Fertilization Effects on the Biosynthesis of Sesquiterpenes in Essential Oils from Phoebe Bournei Twigs and Leaves
Authors: Liu Li , He Gongxiu , Wang Xu , Zhang Dangquan
Published: January 2021

Background: Phoebe bournei is a potential medicinal plant whose essential oil (EO) from leaves has potential inhibitory activities against some bacterium, tumor, and has a certain potential for hypoglycemic activity. Fertilization is a common and effective method to increase plant biomass, which can increase the raw material of essential oil, but has a certain impact on the composition and biological activity of plant essential oil. Results: The main components are sesquiterpenes in the essential oils from leaves and twigs. The yield of the essential oils and the content of their main components can be modulated by compost and compound fertilizer, to different degrees, and minor differences were registered among the categories of the components in essential oils. However, changes were strongly mirrored in some main components of essential oils. The content of the primary (+) - calarene in the leaf EO were strongly increased by compost, but the opposite happened by compound fertilizer. On the contrary, the effect of compound fertilizer was more significant on the main components of twig essential oil than compost. The transcriptome sequencing results of P. bournei showed that the total number of DEGs in twigs and leaves treated with compost were significantly more than that with compound fertilizer. No change was found in the expression of genes regulating principal components. However, the expression of several key genes regulating the upstream substrates for the synthesis of the sesquiterpenes was significantly changed: the expression of two key speed limiting enzymes genes (DXS and HMGR) and two important branch-point enzyme genes (FPPS and GGPPS) was significantly down regulated, while the expression of gene (HMGS) was significantly up-regulated.Conclusion: The expression levels of genes (DXS2, HMGR, FPPS and GGPPS) were significantly down regulated in leaves treated with compost, resulting in the changes of the yield and main components of the leaf essential oil. The effect of compost was more significant on the synthesis of the essential oil from P. bournei leaves than that of compound fertilizer.
A Single Amino Acid Change In Histone Methyltransferase CURLY LEAF Results In Premature Bolting In Chinese Cabbage (Brassica Rapa L. Ssp. Pekinensis)
Authors: Tan Chong , Ren Jie , Wang Lin , Ye Xueling , Fu Wei , Zhang Jiamei , Qi Meng , Feng Hui , Liu Zhiyong
Published: January 2021

Background: Flowering is an important inflection point in the transformation from vegetative to reproductive growth, and premature bolting severely decreases crop yield and quality. Results: In this study, a stable early-bolting mutant, ebm3, was identified in an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized population of a Chinese cabbage doubled haploid (DH) line ‘FT’. Compared with ‘FT’, ebm3 showed early bolting under natural cultivation in autumn, and curled leaves. Genetic analysis showed that the early-bolting phenotype was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. Modified MutMap and genotyping analyses revealed that Brebm3 (BraA04g017190.3C), encoding the histone methyltransferase CURLY LEAF (CLF), was the causal gene of the emb3. A C to T base substitution in the 14th exon of Brebm3 resulted in an amino acid change (S to F) and the early-bolting phenotype of emb3. The mutation occurred in the SET domain (Suppressor of protein-effect variegation 3-9, Enhancer-of-zeste, Trithorax), which catalyzes site- and state-specific lysine methylation in histones. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed that Brebm3 was highly expressed in the flower and bud. Promoter activity assay confirmed that Brebm3 promoter was active in inflorescences. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that Brebm3 localized in the nucleus. Transcriptomic studies supported that Brebm3 mutation might repress H3K27me3 deposition and activate expression of the AGAMOUS (AG) and AGAMOUS-like (AGL) loci, resulting in early flowering.Conclusions: Our study revealed that an EMS-induced early-bolting mutant ebm3 in Chinese cabbage was caused by a nonsynonymous mutation in BraA04g017190.3C, encoding the histone methyltransferase CLF.These results improve our knowledge of the genetic and genomic resources of bolting and flowering, and may be beneficial to the genetic improvement of Chinese cabbage.
Cryo-EM structure of human Wntless in complex with Wnt3a
Authors: Zhong Qing , Ye Fangfei , Xiao Zaiyu , Zhang Yuanyuan , Huang Gaoxingyu , Zhan Xiechao , Sun Ke , Wang Zhizhi , Cheng Shanshan , Feng Shan , Xu Meng , Zhao Xiuxiu , Zhang Jizhong , Lu Peilong , Xu Wenqing , Zhou Qiang , Ma Dan
Published: January 2021

Wntless (WLS), an evolutionarily conserved multi-pass transmembrane protein, is essential for secretion of Wnt proteins. Wnt-triggered signaling pathways control many crucial life events, whereas aberrant Wnt signaling is tightly associated with many human diseases including cancers. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of human WLS in complex with Wnt3a, the most widely studied Wnt, at 3.8 Å resolution. The transmembrane domain of WLS bears a GPCR fold, with a conserved core cavity and lateral opening. A β-hairpin of Wnt3a containing a conserved palmitoleoylation site has extensive interactions with the WLS luminal domain, and the tip region is accommodated in the WLS cavity. The flexibility of Wnt3a loop/hairpin regions involved in the multiple binding sites indicates a possible sequential release mechanism when Wnts are transferred to their receptors. We found Wnt3a palmitoleoylation site mutant has similar binding capability with WLS compared with wild type Wnt3a, suggesting palmitoleoylation is not essential for Wnt-WLS association. Our findings provide important insights into the molecular mechanism of Wnt palmitoleoylation, secretion and signaling.
Modified π-shaped Esophagojejunostomy in Totally Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy: a Report of 40 Consecutive Cases From a Single Center
Authors: Xing Jiadi , Xu Kai , Liu Maoxing , Gao Pin , Tan Fei , Yao Zhendan , Zhang Nan , Yang Hong , Zhang Chenghai , Cui Ming , Su Xiangqian
Published: January 2021

Background: Intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy remains a challenging technique in totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG) without established standard anastomosis method. π-shaped esophagojejunostomy in TLTG was reported to be safe and feasible. Therefore, this study aimed to depict our modified π-shaped esophagojejunostomy in TLTG and evaluate its short-term surgical outcomes.Methods: From April 2018 to October 2019, 40 patients with gastric cancer who underwent TLTG by the same surgeon with modified π-shaped esophagojejunostomy were enrolled. Clinicopathologic data including age, gender, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, tumor size, tumor location, depth of tumor invasion, number of harvested lymph nodes, nodal metastasis and TNM stage, operative time, estimated blood loss, time to resume diet, postoperative hospital stays, complication, and mortality were collected and retrospectively analyzed.Results: The mean operative time and estimated blood loss were 264.6 ± 56.9 min and 68.5 ± 53.3 mL, respectively. Postoperative flatus occurred at 4.6 ± 1.7 days. The mean time to resume diet was 7.4 ± 1.7 days postoperatively. One patient was diagnosed with anastomotic leakage and managed with conservative therapy. Pleural effusion, occurring in 4 (10%) patients, was the most common complication. One patient experienced intra-abdominal bleeding requiring reoperation. Other complications were atrial fibrillation and wound infection. No mortality occurred during the 6-month follow-up.Conclusions: Modified π-shaped esophagojejunostomy is a safe and feasible method for intracorporeal anastomosis in TLTG, which showed favorable surgical outcomes.
Quantifying Finer-scale Behaviours Using Self-organising Maps (SOMs) to Link Accelerometery Signatures With Behavioural Patterns in Free-roaming Terrestrial Animals.
Authors: Galea Nicole , Murphy Fern , Gaschk Joshua , Schoeman David , Clemente Christofer
Published: January 2021

Collecting quantitative information on animal behaviours is difficult, especially from cryptic species or species that alter natural behaviours in the presence of humans. We develop a methodology that can precisely classify finer-scale behaviours in free roaming animals. We deployed harness-mounted tri axial accelerometers on 10 free-roaming domestic cats (Felis Catus) over eight days. We also tested two treatments using a prey protector device designed to reduce prey capture.We aligned accelerometer traces collected at 50Hz with video files (60 fps) and labelled 12 individual behaviours, then trained a supervised machine-learning algorithm using Kohonen super Self-Organising Maps (SOM). The SOM was able to predict individual behaviours with a ~ 99% overall accuracy. There was a significant effect of sample size, with precision and sensitivity decreasing rapidly below 2,000 1-second observations. We were also able to detect a behaviour specific reduction in the predictability when cats were fitted with the prey-protector device indicating the it alters biomechanical gait.Our results can be applied in movement ecology, zoology and conservation, where habitat specific movement performance between predators or prey may be critical to managing species of conservation significance, or in veterinary and agricultural fields, where early detection of movement pathologies can improve animal welfare.
Deciphering spatial genomic heterogeneity at a single cell resolution in multiple myeloma
Authors: Merz Maximilian , Merz Almuth , Wang Jie , Wei Lei , Hu Qiang , Hutson Nicholas , Rondeau Cherie , Celotto Kimberly , Belal Ahmed , Alberico Ronald , Block AnneMarie , Mohammadpour Hemn , Wallace Paul , Tario Joseph , Luce Jesse , Glenn Sean , Singh Prashant K. , Herr Megan , Hahn Theresa , Samur Mehmet , Munshi Nikhil , Liu Song , McCarthy Philip , Hillengass Jens
Published: January 2021

Osteolytic lesions (OL) characterize symptomatic multiple myeloma. The mechanisms of how malignant plasma cells (PC) cause OL in one region while others show no signs of bone destruction despite subtotal infiltration remain unknown. We report the first single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) study of PC obtained prospectively from random bone marrow aspirates (BM) and paired imaging-guided biopsies of OL. We analyzed 148,630 PC from 24 different locations in 10 patients and observed vast inter- and intra-patient heterogeneity based on scRNA-seq analyses. Beyond the limited evidence for spatial heterogeneity from whole-exome sequencing, we found an additional layer of complexity by integrated analysis of anchored scRNA-seq datasets from the BM and OL. PC from OL were characterized by differentially expressed genes compared to PC from BM, including upregulation of genes associated with myeloma bone disease like DKK1, HGF and TIMP-1 as well as recurrent downregulation of JUN/FOS, DUSP1 and HBB. Assessment of PC from longitudinally collected samples revealed transcriptional changes after induction therapy. Our study, based on the largest number of PC analyzed by scRNA-seq, contributes to the understanding of destructive myeloma bone disease.
Effect of Antenatal Dexamethasone on Respiratory Distress in Late Preterm Infants: Results from the First Vietnamese Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Ho Tran Tuan Hung , Truong Quang Vinh , Nguyen Thi Kim Anh , Le Minh Tam , Nguyen Vu Quoc Huy
Published: January 2021

BackgroundRespiratory distress (RD) is one of the leading causes of early neonatal morbidity and mortality in late preterm infants (LPIs) worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of antenatal dexamethasone on the RD rate in preterm newborns between 34 0/7 weeks and 36 6/7 weeks of gestation.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of 78 women with singleton pregnancy who were in threatened preterm birth and had not received prior dexamethasone who were admitted between 34 0/7 weeks and 36 6/7 weeks at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from June 2018 to May 2020. The matched control group (no dexamethasone) included 78 pregnant women with threatened late preterm births who were at similar gestational ages and estimated fetal weights as the treatment group. The treatment group received 6 mg intramuscular dexamethasone every 12 hours for a total of 4 doses or until delivery. Primary outcome was the rate of neonatal RD. Secondary neonatal outcomes included the need for respiratory support, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, hypoglycemia, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, and neonatal death. Statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS software.ResultsThe rate of RD in LPI was significantly lower in the treatment group than in the matched control group (10.3% vs. 23.1%, respectively), with relative risk [RR] 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21 – 0.96 and p = 0.03. Neonatal hypoglycemia was more common in the dexamethasone group than in the matched group (25.6% vs. 12.8%, respectively; RR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.00 – 3.99; p = 0.04). There were no significant between-group differences in the incidence of respiratory support, NICU admission or length of hospital stay.ConclusionsAdministration of antenatal dexamethasone to women at risk for late preterm birth could significantly reduce the rate of respiratory distress in late preterm infants.
Räume erschliessen mit einem Smartphone im Sachunterricht an einer Grundschule
Authors: Nickel Stefanie
Published: January 2021

Schulische Akteurinnen und Akteure, wie z. B. Lehramtsstudierende, haben häufig keine bzw. kaum frühkindliche Erfahrungen mit digitalen Medien, treffen jedoch auf eine nachwachsende Generation von Schülerinnen und Schülern, die bereits von klein auf in irgendeiner Weise in deren Nutzung eingebunden sind und entsprechendes Knowhow mitbringen. Lehr- und Lernprozesse beruhen auf dialogischer Gegenseitigkeit im Sinne einer Verschränkung von Subjekt und Struktur; es gilt daher, einen kooperativen und kommunikativen Erfahrungsraum beim Einsatz digitaler Medien zu schaffen. Um beispielsweise Räume mobil zu erschliessen, bietet sich das Erstellen einer Rallye auf dem Smartphone an. Auf diese Weise wird ein gemeinsamer Sachgegenstand aus dem Lebensumfeld der Schülerinnen und Schüler sowie der Studierenden aufgegriffen. Im Sinne des ausserschulischen Lernens erkunden und erschliessen sich die beteiligten Akteurinnen und Akteure gemeinsam im Team einen bestimmten Ort, um im Anschluss eine Rallye zu planen, auszuarbeiten sowie zu reflektieren. Im Fokus stehen dabei die Anbahnung und der Aufbau von Medienkompetenz durch den Umgang mit digitalen Medien, während im Arbeitsprozess durch dialogisch orientierte Aushandlungsprozesse in Kleingruppen heterogene Medienerfahrungen eingebracht werden. Zu fragen ist daher: Wie kann ein dialogisch angelegter Erfahrungsraum beim mobilen Lernen aussehen?
Corporate Social/Environmental Responsibility and Value Creation: Reflections on a Modern Business Management Paradigm
Authors: Taliento Marco , Netti Antonio
Published: January 2021

The present article deals with a new, modern business management paradigm founded on both the social and the environmental responsibility of firms intended as powerful instruments to match the issue of sustainability with corporate performance and value creation (thus evolving from the classical shareholder value to a new, more comprehensive, shared value view). The Directive 2013/34/EU required the disclosure of large enterprises and groups’ non-financial and diversity information. At the same time, a growing number of proactive companies that behave with real initiatives more compliant to the so-called Stakeholder Theory have become quite familiar to produce CSR and sustainability reports periodically to share with the community their relevant responsibility actions and achievements (3 P results or triple-bottom-line performance, as a for-profit, people, planet). Such a complex, behavioral, and informative approach follows the corporate governance setting and management strategy within the ethical domain (business ethics). In this perspective, we conduct a systematic research study on the economic literature that showed a focus on the possible relation between the responsible behavior/information and the economic/financial performance of firms, analyzing both the empirical findings and theoretical works significantly investigating the effect of sustainability indicators on financial and market results. According to the general studies, socially responsible policies can produce a positive impact on company performance by many advantages such as the reduction of operating costs and financial risks, an increase of efficiency and competitiveness, the improvement of the company’s reputation, and a related increase in consumer confidence; despite preceding studies pointed out that CSR investments and responsibility policies (representing the result of an agency conflict between managers and shareholders) would generate just an increase in costs and a consequent decline in the performance of companies. The consideration of the ESG (environmental, social, and governance) – which completes the CSR issue – and its new goals in the long run, even as a component of the holistic enterprise risk management system, finally enables us to reinterpret the fundamental competitive advantage of firms in a sustainability key. In particular, the environmental, social, and governance extra-performance over the industry may show to be more ‘value-relevant’ than the absolute ESG ratings itself. In conclusion, the social, environmental, and governance responsibilities (to all stakeholders) are building a set of dynamic capabilities and actions which reveal a new competitive (X) Factor of the modern corporation.

Keywords: CSR, Environmental-Social-Governance, Economic Performance, Value Creation; Stakeholder Theory, Sustainability Disclosure.
Surrogate Leadership Model for Digital Organizational Systems
Authors: Skrynnyk Olena
Published: January 2021

The increase of investigations regarding digital systems for the social structure mapping leads to dynamizing previously rigidly recorded processes or deliberately ignored ones. Such processes include, among others, matters with a social context, which have been difficult to describe in mathematical terms. This investigation is an integral part of explanatory research on the digital representation of an organization. The main purpose of the study is to investigate the literary sources and approaches to find the determinants of a general surrogate model, to identify the required parameters and their mathematical contents as well, as to design a surrogate model construct capable of application to different digital organizational systems, independent of the dominant behavioral and decision-making pattern of the lead unit. The relevance of this scientific problem decision is that recently, an increasingly vast number of research investigations on the digitization of anthropological systems is being done. The modeling of the leadership surrogate model is a part of our research on the digitization of organizational systems. Investigation of the topic is carried out in the following logical sequence: analysis of scientific publications on the researched subject and model creation. This part consists of successive steps: abstraction of a real system of management units and the delimitation of the indicated topics, definition of constraints for further simplification of the surrogate model, model construction, establishment of model-describing formalism, and obtaining the exact surrogate model based on the dataset. Since our surrogate model has a general character, the last step was described only indicatively. Nevertheless, we consider this to be a tremendous potential extension for the following investigations on different scenarios. The research results can be useful for other scientists searching for research on the mathematical representations of the leadership model, the surrogate model for the leadership unit, and practitioners who intend to implement the leadership model in the digital organization system. The additional parameters can complement the created surrogate model; respectively the considered parameters can be calculated or measured by other methods.

Keywords: Digital Organizational Systems, Leadership Model, Surrogate Model, Mathematical Model.
A Hidden Danger to Our Children’s Classrooms within Educational Leadership & Peering Practices
Authors: Miller Antony D.
Published: January 2021

This comprehensive body of research is an empirical attempt to purposely examine if our offspring: children, teenagers to adulthood, [Treasures] are, being subjected to political interference [indoctrination] within their respected theatres of education, and therefore, be a negative impact for their respective future endeavours, emanating from the West and quickly heading into cultures of the Eastern regions demographically. Besides, the research has included how it has impacted the current stasisin the Western educational system? The sample consists of the history involved, current statistics from global sourcing methodology, biases notated on within the political equation, and how has this has affected business. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis models are illustrated within extensivity. Two new philosophies are being introduced, named “Miller’s Social Cultivation Paradox SCP and the second being Eight Dominions to Dystopianism. The data therein would confirm research findings within empirical validity via standard error mean for difference projections within the subject matter’s hypothesis, thus, subsequently determine data mining findings. The reader ought to discern, then consider from this paper, if our treasures are in danger within their learning domains, or is this current pedagogical practice in kindergartens, K-12 schools, and higher institutions of learning, are indeed acceptable to both academics and parents alike, for the years to come? Wherefore, within the subject hypothesis – have teaching methodologies changed for the worst or the better? The premise of this investigation and resulting study, has attempted to be simplified and unambiguous, and to expose a 21st century’s western education ideological system, and heretofore emanating from the early years’ classrooms, percolating through both high schools to higher educational institutions of note. Moreover, the exposition of the false unproven narratives on global warming, being enforced onto our children via their educators’ classroom practice, devoid of empirical facts, inclusive of how public leadership and policy, have been both physically and emotionally endangers our school-aged children. Thus, culminating in being shown that a politically culturally biased teaching method over decades, has indeed infiltrated student theatres of learning, resulting in alumni [treasures] eventual disaffection with their own respective country, family values, inclusive of law and order. This body of research would illustrate the possible future outcomes and advisories of vigilance, for both parents and researchers concerned.

Keywords: Education, Globalization, Society, Methodology, Public Policy, Materials, Faculty, Race, Ideology, Parent, Treasures, (Children) Left-Leaning, Global Warming and Misinformation..