bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Asian indexes by a newly derived dynamic model
Authors: Chiang-Lin Tsung-Jui , Lee Yong-Shiuan , Shieh Tzong-Hann , Yen Chien-Chang , Tsai Shang-Yueh
Published: May 2022

We take the stock prices as a dynamic system and characterize its movements by a newly derived dynamic model, called the new Price Reversion Model (nPRM), for which the solution is derived and carefully analyzed under different circumstances. We also develop a procedure of applying the nPRM to real daily closing prices of a stock index. This proposed procedure brings a different perspective to the study of stock prices based on thermodynamics, and the time varying coefficients in the nPRM offer economic meanings of the stock movements. More specifically, the average of smoothed historical dataAin the nPRM, analogous to the environment temperature in the Newton’s law of cooling, represent an implied equilibrium price. The heat transfer coefficientκis adapted to be either negative or positive, which illustrates the speed of convergence or divergence of stock prices, respectively. The empirical study of ten Asian stock indexes shows that the nPRM accurately characterizes and forecasts the market values.
A novel strategy for production of liraglutide precursor peptide and development of a new long-acting incretin mimic
Authors: Ahmadi Samaneh , Shahsavani Mohammad Bagher , Tavaf Zohreh , Albaghlany Rawayh Muslim , Kumar Ashutosh , Moosavi-Movahedi Ali Akbar , Yousefi Reza
Published: May 2022

Nowadays, a small number of incretin mimics are used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to their longer half-life. The present study aimed to introduce a novel method for producing the liraglutide precursor peptide (LPP) and developing a potentially new incretin mimic. Here, human αB-crystallin (αB-Cry) was ligated to the LPP at the gene level, and the gene construct was expressed in Escherichia coli with a relatively good efficiency. The hybrid protein (αB-lir) was then purified by a precipitation method followed by anion exchange chromatography. After that, the peptide was released from the carrier protein by a chemical cleavage method yielding about 70%. The LPP was then purified by gel filtration chromatography, and HPLC estimated its purity to be about 98%. Also, the molecular mass of the purified peptide was finally confirmed by mass spectroscopy analysis. Assessment of the secondary structures suggested a dominant α-helical structure for the LPP and a β-sheet rich structure for the hybrid protein. The subcutaneous injection of the LPP and the αB-lir hybrid protein significantly reduced the blood sugar levels in healthy and diabetic mice and stimulated insulin secretion. Also, the hybrid protein exerts its bioactivities more effectively than the LPP over a relatively longer period of time. The results of this study suggested a novel method for the easy and cost-effective production of the LPP and introduced a new long-acting incretin mimic that can be potentially used for the treatment of T2DM patients.
A twinning bare bones particle swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: Guo Jia , Shi Binghua , Yan Ke , Di Yi , Tang Jianyu , Xiao Haiyang , Sato Yuji
Published: May 2022

A twinning bare bones particle swarm optimization(TBBPSO) algorithm is proposed in this paper. The TBBPSO is combined by two operators, the twins grouping operator (TGO) and the merger operator (MO). The TGO aims at the reorganization of the particle swarm. Two particles will form as a twin and influence each other in subsequent iterations. In a twin, one particle is designed to do the global search while the other one is designed to do the local search. The MO aims at merging the twins and enhancing the search ability of the main group. Two operators work together to enhance the local minimum escaping ability of proposed methods. In addition, no parameter adjustment is needed in TBBPSO, which means TBBPSO can solve different types of optimization problems without previous information or parameter adjustment. In the benchmark functions test, the CEC2014 benchmark functions are used. Experimental results prove that proposed methods can present high precision results for various types of optimization problems.
Comparison of public discussions of gene editing on social media between the United States and China
Authors: Ji Jiaojiao , Robbins Matthew , Featherstone Jieyu Ding , Calabrese Christopher , Barnett George A.
Published: May 2022

The world’s first gene-edited babies event has stirred controversy on social media over the use of gene editing technology. Understanding public discussions about this controversy will provide important insights about opinions of science and facilitate informed policy decisions. This study compares public discussion topics about gene editing on Twitter and Weibo, as wel asthe evolution of these topics over four months. Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) was used to generate topics for 11,244 Weibo posts and 57,525 tweets from September 25, 2018, to January 25, 2019. Results showed a difference between the topics on Twitter versus Weibo: there were more nuanced discussions on Twitter, and the discussed topics between platforms focused on different areas. Temporal analysis showed that most discussions took place around gene-edited events. Based on our findings, suggestions were provided for policymakers and science communication practitioners to develop more effective communication strategies toward audiences in China and the U.S.
Pressure vessel-oriented visual inspection method based on deep learning
Authors: Liao Pu , Guixiong Liu
Published: May 2022

The detection of surface parameters of pressure vessel welds guarantees safe operation. To address the problems of low efficiency and poor accuracy of traditional manual inspection methods, a method for welding morphological parameters combined with vision and structured light is proposed in this study. First, a feature point extraction algorithm for weld parameters based on deep convolution was proposed. An accurate extraction method of weld image feature point coordinates was designed based on the combination of the loss function via seam undercut feature recognition and weld feature point extraction network structure. Second, a training data enhancement method based on the third-order non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curve was proposed to reduce the amount of data collection for training. Finally, a pressure vessel measurement device was designed, and the feature point extraction performance of the deep network and common feature point extraction networks, DeepLabCut and HR-net, proposed in this study were compared to analyze the theoretical accuracy of the surface parameter measurement. The results indicated that the theoretical accuracy of the parameter measurements was within 0.065 mm.
A pilot study of the knowledge, awareness and perception of prostate cancer in Ghanaian women
Authors: Wiafe Ebenezer , Mensah Kofi Boamah , Oosthuizen Frasia , Bangalee Varsha
Published: May 2022

Background

The African prostate cancer epidemiological trend has reported the late detection of the disease and resultant high mortality rate. Considering the economic position of the African continent, which often contributes to high mortality, it has become imperative to investigate cost-effective means of improving the timely detection of prostate cancer. This study, the third developmental phase of a robust Akan tool, aimed at conducting an external pilot survey to investigate the practicability of the tool in studying prostate cancer awareness in women.

Method

The study was conducted in one of the biggest markets in Ghana employing a quantitative approach and recruiting 400 females from the age of 18 years. Post-ethical approval and study subjects’ consent, the participants randomly responded to the Akan tool and the data was electronically entered in the presence of the participants. The data, entered in the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, were analysed with the SPSS software (version 25). The results were presented as frequencies and percentages, with an assessment of the tool’s reliability.

Results

A Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient of 0.9030 was calculated. The majority (83.50%) of the participants belonged to the Akan tribe and were fluent in the Akan language. None of the knowledge items on the signs and symptoms, and risk factors of the disease had correct responses from more than 25.00% and 20.00% of the participants respectively whilst knowledge items on the causes of prostate cancer received varied responses. The participants were aware of the disease and had a positive perception.

Conclusions

The pilot survey adequately tested the Akan tool and suggested various modifications to the tool and the study methodology. The tool exhibited acceptable reliability and could be applied to targeted populations to investigate the awareness of prostate cancer in women.
Downstream retraction of preprinted research in the life and medical sciences
Authors: Avissar-Whiting Michele
Published: May 2022

Retractions have been on the rise in the life and clinical sciences in the last decade, likely due to both broader accessibility of published scientific research and increased vigilance on the part of publishers. In this same period, there has been a greater than ten-fold increase in the posting of preprints by researchers in these fields. While this development has significantly accelerated the rate of research dissemination and has benefited early-career researchers eager to show productivity, it has also introduced challenges with respect to provenance tracking, version linking, and, ultimately, back-propagation of events such as corrigenda, expressions of concern, and retractions that occur on the journal-published version. The aim of this study was to understand the extent of this problem among preprint servers that routinely link their preprints to the corollary versions published in journals. To present a snapshot of the current state of downstream retractions of articles preprinted in three large preprint servers (Research Square, bioRxiv, and medRxiv), the DOIs of the journal-published versions linked to preprints were matched to entries in the Retraction Watch database. A total of 30 retractions were identified, representing only 0.01% of all content posted on these servers. Of these, 11 retractions were clearly noted by the preprint servers; however, the existence of a preprint was only acknowledged by the retracting journal in one case. The time from publication to retraction averaged 278 days, notably lower than the average for articles overall (839 days). In 70% of cases, retractions downstream of preprints were due–at least in part–to ethical or procedural misconduct. In 63% of cases, the nature of the retraction suggested that the conclusions were no longer reliable. Over time, the lack of propagation of critical information across the publication life cycle will pose a threat to the scholarly record and to scientific integrity. It is incumbent on preprint servers, publishers, and the systems that connect them to address these issues before their scale becomes untenable.
Protecting planet Mars: How hip-hop artists from Marseille defend the voiceless from gentrification and redevelopment as they safeguard and promote the city in order to keep the peace
Authors: Pégram Scooter
Published: May 2022

This article discusses a few notable examples of how Marseille-based hip-hop artists critique local politicians forcefully whilst using rap music in ways that keep the city’s diverse population of residents peaceful, calm and resilient during times of national strife elsewhere in France based on perceived structural racism and police harassment against people of colour across the country.
Céline Sciamma: Portraits, Emma Wilson (2021)
Authors: Kearney Peadar
Published: May 2022

Review of: Céline Sciamma: Portraits, Emma Wilson (2021)

Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 137 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-47442-548-3, p/bk, £14.99

ISBN 978-1-47444-591-7, PDF, free
MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF COMPOSITIONS OF GLASS-FIBER REINFORCED PLASTIC MORTAR PIPES BASED ON THEIR FUNCTIONING
Authors: Shi Huawang , Xue Chongchong , Qiao Feng , Li Yancang
Published: May 2022

The experimental investigation on the mechanical parameters compositions of glass-fiber reinforced plastic mortar (GRPM) pipe is the basis of simulating and analyzing the mechanical characteristics of the complete structure of GRPM pipe. Due to the anisotropic material properties of GRPM pipe, the compressive property test is carried out, and the results show that the circumferential compressive strength(CCS) is 49.93Mpa, the axial compressive strength(ACS) is 40.79Mpa, the circumferential elastic modulus(CEM) is 4.84Gpa, and the axial elastic modulus(AEM) is 4.04Gpa. The difference between the CCS and ACS and EM is about 20%, as well as the CCS and EM are greater than the ACS and modulus of elasticity. Conclusions drawn from the tests provide an important basis for checking whether the materials meet the design requirements.
ANALYSIS ON INFLUENCING FACTOR OF COST CONTROL OF EPC PROJECT BASED ON THE DEMATEL-ISM
Authors: Li Lin
Published: May 2022

The paper selects the influencing factors of EPC project’s cost control，analyzes and constructs the model of EPC project’s cost control from the point of view of system engineering，and utilizes the integrating DEMATEL—ISM method to study the relationships between the influencing factors and their impacts on cost control. And it gets the multilevel structure model of the influencing factors of EPC project’s cost control. The results show that project construction management level, procurement system, procurement process and standards project content acceptance and project settlement basis are the direct impacting factors of EPC project’s cost control. The study provides a reference of EPC project’s enterprises to improve project management level，effectively control project cost and achieve project management objectives.
USE OF PROXIMAL GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY FOR NEAR REAL-TIME DETECTION OF SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT IN JIZERA MTS.
Authors: Klejchová Abigail , Dohnal Michal , Tesař Miroslav
Published: May 2022

The snow water equivalent is an important snow characteristic as it provides hydrologically relevant information on the amount of water stored in the snowpack. The experimental catchment in the Jizera Mountains was equipped with the gamma-ray spectroscope CS725. The sensor uses emitted electromagnetic signals of isotopes 40K and 208Tl to remotely and continuously measure the snow water equivalent (SWE). Two winter seasons, 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 were monitored, and the obtained data were analyzed together with the complementary measurements available (snow depth, precipitation, air temperature). The sensor was tested in contrasting conditions of the precipitation-rich winter period 2018-2019 and the mild winter period 2019-2020. Our measurement showed that the SWE values derived from both isotopes are very similar and logically correspond well with the other measurements at the site. As far as we know, the first use of the sensor in the Czech Republic has proven usability in the conditions of the temperate montane catchment.
Knowledge Mapping Analysis of Digital Photogrammetry Research Using CiteSpace
Authors: Ge Yongquan , Liu Yingchun , Liu Xiaodong
Published: May 2022

In order to clearly understand the current status and application trends of digital photogrammetry domestic and overseas research, taking the core journals of Web of Science as the data source, using bibliometric methods and CiteSpace to carry out statistical analysis of the relevant literature of digital photogrammetry research. The results show that since 2011, the research literature on digital photogrammetry has shown a steady growth year by year.  Digital photogrammetry is most closely related to the three disciplines of geology, earth science integration, and physical geography; countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Italy, and China publish the most papers, and these countries have strong research capabilities. Lane SN and Chandler JH have been shared with a high number of citations, who are representative scholars in this field; Digital photogrammetry contains multiple research directions. This article studies the research hotspots and frontiers of digital photogrammetry through keyword co-occurrence analysis and mutation detection analysis.
Effect of Various Groins in a Series on Channel Bed Morphology: an Experimental Investigation
Authors: Mohammed Alauddin , Pervin Rokshana , Hasan Md. Zakir
Published: May 2022

Alluvial rivers in Bangladesh are unstable keep changing their main channel, banklines, and so on. Groins are extensively used worldwide for shore protection from erosion, river navigation, beach reclamation among many other services. Improving the performance of groins is a crucial issue around the glove. Experimental investigations under clear water scour conditions have been conducted in this research to compare the performance of different groins in order to find out the suitable design of a groin. From the experimental runs, it is revealed that the groin models of different configurations behave in different ways. In the case of a solid I-shaped groin, a huge scour near the groin head and irregular bed pattern develop in the channel bed. While L-head and hockey-shaped groins improve the channel response a bit leading to decreased scour. Moreover, the hockey-shaped groin attracts the flow, and thus requires groin installation closely. The scour hole for a combined groin is relatively very small. As the scour endangers the stability of the groin structure, this turns out to be the most suitable one.
Service Life Prediction of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete under Salt Freeze-thaw Cycles
Authors: Xu Wenjie , Li Zhirui
Published: May 2022

To address the reduced durability of concrete structures under salt freeze-thaw erosion in Northwest China, basalt fiber reinforced concrete and common concrete with different mixing amounts were selected to predict their service life in three freeze-thaw conditions. Results showed that the damage on concrete under fresh water freeze-thaw condition is lower than that caused by salt freeze-thaw erosion, the addition of basalt fiber can effectively slow down the degradation of mechanical properties of concrete under salt freeze-thaw erosion, and the lowest degradation rate is reached when the content of basalt fiber is 0.15%. Fiber hinders the expansion of cracks and reduces the pores, and in turn improves the frost resistance durability of concrete. The service life prediction results obtained with Gray Model and Weibull Model are roughly similar, among which, Gray Model needs less sample volume, while Weibull Model presents more accurate prediction results.
Analysis of Determinants of the Logistics Management System of Medical Devices at the Wamena Regional General Hospital, Jayawijaya Regency
Authors: Lando Hands , Palutturi Sukri , Razak Amran , ansyah Darmaw , Sirajuddin Saifuddin , Kardi Muhammad
Published: May 2022

Functions and Roles of hospitals in addition to medical treatment also meet the requirements of location, buildings, infrastructure, and human resources, hospitals must also meet the requirements of pharmacy and equipment. Medical Devices are instruments, apparatus, machines and/or implants that do not contain drugs that are used to prevent, diagnose, cure and relieve disease, treat sick people, restore health in humans, and/or form structures and improve body functions. The purpose of this study was to determine the logistics management system for medical devices at the Wamena Regional General Hospital. This type of research is qualitative descriptive with in-depth interviews and document review involving 8 informants. The results of this study indicate that planning is made based on annual and routine meetings, procurement is based on unit needs, budgeting is based on RAB and APBD, no logistics warehouse storage, distribution is often long and late so users wait, standard maintenance and categorizes good and damaged goods, elimination carried out on unused goods due to damage, monitoring and evaluation are effective because the final part of the logistics management process is to maintain grade, quality and quantity.
Policy Analysis of Covid-19 Pandemic Handling in the District of Selayar Islands
Authors: Idah Nur , is Balq , Arifin Muhammad Alwy , ar Ind , Moedjiono Apik Indarty , Polopadang Vonny
Published: May 2022

The World Health Organization (WHO) designated Covid-19 as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Therefore, it is not surprising that government leaders in many countries are struggling to get out of the covid-19 outbreak with their respective approaches. The purpose of this study was to analyze the implementation of Selayar Islands Regency government policies in handling the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis method with the selection of informants by purposive sampling. The research variable uses the theory of Marsh & Smith (2000) which develops a dialectical model that aims to explain further about the role of actors, actor relations, and their interests in the policy formulation process. The handling of the covid-19 pandemic. The results show that the attitude of the local government in responding to the Covid-19 pandemic case in the Selayar Islands Regency is very serious, this is evidenced by the rapid response in handling Covid-19 cases starting from the emergence of the first case until the time this research was carried out. . Coordination between stakeholders in handling the COVID-19 pandemic in the Selayar Islands district has generally been going well, although it can't be said to be optimal. The behavior of the people of the Selayar Islands district in the application of health protocols in general is high enough to prevent the spread of covid-19 in the Selayar Islands Regency, however, there are still a small number of people in the Selayar Islands district who still do not believe in this pandemic.
Search based Software Engineering of Software Metrics, Code Smells and Refactoring Techniques Using Optimization Algorithms
Authors: Sharma Divya , Lohchab Shikha
Published: May 2022

Software refactoring is a technique for reorganising and improving the efficiency of existing software code. By refining the non-functional aspects of software, numerous refactoring methods are currently being employed to build more intelligible and less composite codes. By applying multiple systems to the source code, refactoring can improve code maintainability even further, preserving the behaviour of the code. Refactoring allows for the eradication of bugs and the expansion of the program's capabilities. This paper provides a comprehensive assessment of source code with foul odours, the influence on software quality of using certain refactoring methodologies to eradicate the foul smell. Between 2008 and 2010, a total of 76 studies from 42 journals, 20 conferences, and 14 additional sources in the year 2008 and 2022 were available. This study was graded on the number of unpleasant odours identified, refactoring strategies applied, and their impact on software metrics. The foul smells of "method of long," "envious feature “and” class of data" were discovered or corrected in the majority of inquiries. The odour of "envious feature" was detected in 39.66 per cent of nominated investigations. The majority of studies looked at the effects of restructuring on software intricacy and coupling measures. Surprisingly, instead of patented software, the majority of the investigations employed massive opensource datasets released in Java. Finally, this research makes suggestions for further into the refactoring research code.
Electrical System of URSM Science and Technology Building: An Analysis
Authors: Bautista Marlon A.
Published: May 2022

The main goal of this research was to evaluate if the existing power supply, which is three-phase, four-wire, and 400 volts, was safe and cost-effective. The study also intends to perform an Electrical System Analysis of the existing 400V, 3-phase, 4-wire power supply, including short circuit calculations, protective device coordination and protection, and arc-flash analysis. This research is based on the Philippine Standard of Electrical Design as it is applied and used by electrical professionals in the Philippines. Electrical System Analysis calculations are based on the National Electrical Code, IEEE Standards, and the most recent edition of the Philippine Electrical Code (PEC 2017). According to the findings, the URSM Science and Technology Building's current power supply is adequate and ready for future expansion. It was also cost-effective, as they discovered that the URSM's old ISR Building needed to be upgraded. The Short Circuit Analysis reveals that the installed protective devices' KAIC ratings are underrated and should be upgraded. The protective device coordination and protection reveals that the protective equipment must have a 0.2 to 1 second time setting. The required PPE for the building's electrical maintenance staff is shown in the arc flash analysis. This study's overall implications provide necessary inputs and corrective measures for the safety of URSM faculty, students, and other stakeholders.
Managing Sustainable Energy Projects: A Review on Success Factors
Authors: Pandey Rajeev Ranjan , Jutidamrongphan Warangkana , Gyawali Saroj , Chowdhury Md. Shahariar
Published: May 2022

Purpose: This paper aims to compile consideration factors for the success of Renewable Energy projects. The chances of completing a renewable energy (RE) project are still an issue. Over the past decade, researchers have sought to identify the barriers to the project and the key success factors for successful projects. But a comprehensive set of success factors is lacking. Method: A systematic review was conducted using 92 research articles and 45 secondary reports. Literature identification, screening, eligibility and inclusion steps were followed based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Flow Diagram. Findings: As a result, 61 success factors were compiled and classified into nine different categories: Project Strategy, Policies & Politics, Project Attributes, Stakeholder Interactions, Project Parameters, Culture & Leadership Resources, Managing Risks and Project Governance. Originality: A unique scientific tool has been proposed to calculate project success probability. Each success factor score is based on a Likert scale of 1-5 to calculate weighted average value of each category leading to the success probability. This tool will be beneficial for project management practitioners, project sponsors, government agencies, policy makers and researchers. Limitation/Implications: The comprehensive set of project success factors is considered for RE projects only. However, a similar approach can be applied to other projects to ensure higher success. It has been recommended that the project team assess each factor score frequently and make every effort to raise each category score to 5 as much as is realistically possible.
Calculation and analysis of laser hazard distances in navigable airspace for multi-beam visible CW laser radiation
Authors: Mlynczak Jaroslaw
Published: May 2022

The article describes the way to calculate the distances, defined by the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration in the AC 70-1B document, essential for the flight safety in the case of illumination of aircraft pilots by laser radiation. FAA’s calculations and presented examples are simplified for the most common cases of a single circular beam, or circular beams sharing the same power, divergence and aperture. Proposed in this article calculation method was extended to multi-beam radiation sources characterized by different wavelengths, different divergences in two perpendicular planes and different powers. The impact of ellipticity of the beams on the calculated distances was shown. The presented analysis may be a supplement to the AC 70-1B document and may serve as a sample approach for those who need to deal with such laser sources. Laser pointers characterized by powers of up to 50 W as well as these with typical powers of several mW were considered. It was shown that even typical 1 mW laser pointers may still distract the aircraft pilots during landing or take-off which may have adverse consequences.
Coupled fixed point theorems under new coupled implicit relation in Hilbert spaces
Authors: Kim Kyung Soo
Published: May 2022

The aim of this paper is to study existence and uniqueness of coupled fixed point for a family of self-mappings satisfying a new coupled implicit relation in a Hilbert space. We also prove well-posedness of a coupled fixed point problem.
Miniaturized multi-band frequency selective surface with angular and polarization independent characteristic
Authors: Sampath Sayi Soundariya , Sivasamy Ramprabhu , G Mugeshnandha , G Karthick , S Nandhakishore
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a miniaturized multi-band frequency selective surface for band-stop applications. The proposed design is evolved from a modified swastik structure with L-shaped arms printed on FR4 substrate. The structure is designed to operate at 2.4, 5.8, 8.6, and 10.8 GHz covering Wifi, WiMAX, and X-band applications. The proposed quad-band FSS has an overall unit cell size of 0.084 λ0 × 0.084 λ0, where λ0 is the wavelength of the lower operational frequency. The symmetric FSS structure provides the advantage of polarization independency. It also exhibits a stable frequency response up to 60° for both the horizontally polarized EM waves (Transverse Magnetic Mode) and the vertically polarized EM waves (Transverse Electric Mode). Moreover, measurement results obtained from the fabricated prototype are compared with the simulation results and are found to be in close agreement with each other. Single layer structure, compact, and coverage of multiple applications are the advantages of the proposed multiband FSS.
Inducing optical self-pulsation by electrically tuning graphene on a silicon microring
Authors: Tamura Marcus , Morison Hugh , Shastri Bhavin J.
Published: May 2022

A mechanism for self-pulsation in a proposed graphene-on-silicon microring device is studied. The relevant nonlinear effects of two photon absorption, Kerr effect, saturable absorption, free carrier absorption, and dispersion are included in a coupled mode theory framework. We look at the electrical tunability of absorption and the Kerr effect in graphene. We show that the microring can switch from a stable rest state to a self-pulsation state by electrically tuning the graphene under constant illumination. This switching is indicative of a supercritical Hopf bifurcation since the frequency of the pulses is approximately constant at 7 GHz and the amplitudes initial grow with increasing Fermi level. The CMOS compatibility of graphene and the opto-electronic mechanism allows this to device to be fairly easily integrated with other silicon photonic devices.
The Body and the Completion of Metaphysics: A Critical Analysis of Heidegger’s Nietzsche
Authors: Messerschmidt Mat Olav
Published: May 2022

In this essay, I examine Heidegger’s interpretation of Nietzsche, focusing centrally on his understanding of the Nietzschean “body.” Nietzsche’s status as the culminating figure of Western metaphysics depends on the notion that the body, in Nietzsche’s thought, is the last Western subject. I confirm Heidegger’s sense of the importance of the Nietzschean body, and, in particular, the centrality of the word “incorporation” (Einverleibung), to a proper understanding of Nietzsche. I argue, however, through a critique of Heidegger’s own understanding of “incorporation” in Nietzsche’s work, that an investigation of the body in Nietzsche does not reveal him to be an unwilling participant in the metaphysical tradition beyond which Heidegger seeks to move; rather, we should see in the Nietzschean body a human finitude that has more resonances in Heidegger’s own thought than Heidegger would care to admit. Ultimately, I show, an investigation of the actual dynamics of the Nietzschean body, as read through the careful tracing of the word “incorporation” to which Heidegger invites us, yields a fundamentally delimited body that operates according to what we might call a kind of physiological asceticism.
Study of the impact of increasing the highest retail price of subsidized fertilizer on rice production in Indonesia
Authors: Fahmid Imam Mujahidin , Jamil Ali , Wahyudi  , Agustian Adang , Hatta Muhammad , Aldillah Rizma , Yofa Rangga Ditya , Sumedi  , Sumaryanto  , Susilowati Sri Hery
Published: May 2022

Fertilizer plays an important role in agricultural production, and up to now it has always been subsidized through the selling price mechanism. This study aims to analyze three related areas, namely, the subsidized fertilizer policy dynamics, the development of subsidized fertilizer highest retail price (HRP), and the effects of its subsidy price changes on rice production. The study uses both the primary data from research in West Java in 2020 and the data from 2016 national farmer panel and also the secondary data. The data analysis was carried out quantitatively, namely, multiple regression analysis and qualitative descriptive studies. The results of the analysis show that the profit value of lowland rice farming is Indonesian Rupiah (IDR). 13.89 million/ha/season and Revenue per cost ratio (R/C) is 1.85. The proportion of fertilizer input cost to the total lowland rice farming cost reaches 10.25%. The analysis of the nationwide impacts of the HRP increase of the subsidized fertilizers by IDR. 300/kg shows the result that there would be a decrease in national rice productivity by 0.09 tons/ha, a decrease in national rice production by 0.94 million tons milled dry rice (MDR/GKG), and a decrease in the national rice harvest area equivalent to 186,219 ha. It is suggested that in the future, some efforts and measures are needed to make the use of subsidized fertilizers to be more effective and efficient. In order to maintain national rice production, a program to increase the harvested areas is needed.
Pillow Talk: ETFE Roofing Design and Quality-Control Testing
Authors: Driscoll Martina T. , DelGiudice Andrea , Larson Adrienne
Published: May 2022

Ethelene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) assembly is utilized on thousands of structures worldwide in both wall and roofs/skylight applications. It is used in multiple configurations, including the “pillow” configuration explored in this paper, and was installed at the Beijing National Aquatics Center (2008) (nicknamed the Watercube), the Eden Project in the United Kingdom (2001), Ferrari World in Abu Dhabi (2010), and U.S. Bank Stadium (home of the Vikings) in Minnesota (2016). Although the ETFE assembly can be used in lieu of traditional glazing and can be compared to traditional curtain wall or skylight assemblies in several ways, it also varies significantly from traditional glass glazing. Namely, it is a fraction of the weight, is transparent to ultraviolet and long-wave radiation (unless coated to perform otherwise), and responds to structural loads much differently than glass. This paper provides an overview of the ETFE pillow assembly, explores design and quality-assurance considerations for the assembly during construction, and draws on two case studies to demonstrate testing methodologies related to bulk water penetration: structural performance and deflection of the pillow assembly.
Look Out Below! Addressing Falling Snow and Ice Hazards on Building Facades
Authors: O’Brien Sean M. , Quintana-Morales Amarantha Z.
Published: May 2022

Snow and ice falling from building facades can pose serious safety risks to the public and can place architects, owners, and engineers in a position that is vulnerable to litigation. Design trends such as large mullions, projecting trim, sloped or articulated walls and glazing, and an increased use of shading devices provide greater surface area for ice and snow to collect. Improvements in building enclosure energy performance can also result in colder exterior surfaces on which precipitation can freeze. Potentially as important, increasingly severe and erratic climate patterns (more intense storms, faster temperature swings, etc.) can place new stresses on building facades. Despite these risks, there is little consensus in the industry on the best strategies for mitigating the buildup and shedding of these winter hazards or on standards for testing a facade's performance as it relates to falling snow and ice. This paper evaluates several mechanisms that enable snow and ice to accumulate on and fall from buildings. Using traditional snow retention designs for roofs as an introduction, we focus on how snow and ice interact with facade elements and discuss how contemporary design trends, improvements in performance, and changes in climate patterns contribute to the problem. We review the lack of industry guidance for designing and evaluating snow and ice retention systems. We present several case studies, including research and laboratory testing and project-specific mock-up testing that our firm has performed. We discuss how the results from this work can help inform the development of design strategies to mitigate snow and ice issues on building facades. The primary goal of this paper is to help build consensus on the need for more industry guidance to address snow and ice hazards on building facades and present some first steps toward the development of this guidance.
Design and Detailing Air and Weather Barrier Transitions to Fenestrations
Authors: Ziese Derek J.
Published: May 2022

Detailing the 21st-century high-performance building has grown more complicated. Energy-efficiency goals have led to increased continuous insulation thickness, rainscreen claddings, and accommodations for cavity ventilation and drainage. These changes have resulted in deeper wall systems and increased importance on the air and weather barrier and wall flashings as a weatherproofing system. Code requirements for the exterior wall assembly, particularly those outlined in NFPA 285, impact the types of insulation, air barriers, and flashings/closures configurations not requiring custom-tested configurations. These challenges have brought about significant changes to detailing at fenestrations. Meanwhile, the glazing industry has not provided a uniform or standard approach to air barrier transitions to opaque wall systems, given the numerous fenestration types and configurations available. Due to the complicated nature of detailing the myriad of systems and configurations available, designers often denote generic transition details at the critical junction of the wall and fenestration systems. Designs of the fenestration transition are often delayed to the submittal stage when the final system selections are made often after value engineering exercises. If the proposed fenestration system and building exterior design intent are not adequately evaluated, poor performance issues may result in air and water infiltration. Depending upon the complexity of the design, mock-ups are recommended to allow modifications of flashings and seals prior to first installations on the building. The overall relationship of the cladding, insulation, air barrier, flashings, and fenestration must be considered in the design phase because compatibility, functionality, and constructability of the transitions may dictate different fenestration configurations or air barrier transition materials, or both.
Sound Localization of World and Head-Centered Space in Ferrets
Authors: Town Stephen M. , Bizley Jennifer K.
Published: May 2022

The location of sounds can be described in multiple coordinate systems that are defined relative to ourselves, or the world around us. Evidence from neural recordings in animals point toward the existence of both head-centered and world-centered representations of sound location in the brain; however, it is unclear whether such neural representations have perceptual correlates in the sound localization abilities of nonhuman listeners. Here, we establish novel behavioral tests to determine the coordinate systems in which ferrets can localize sounds. We found that ferrets could learn to discriminate between sound locations that were fixed in either world-centered or head-centered space, across wide variations in sound location in the alternative coordinate system. Using probe sounds to assess broader generalization of spatial hearing, we demonstrated that in both head and world-centered tasks, animals used continuous maps of auditory space to guide behavior. Single trial responses of individual animals were sufficiently informative that we could then model sound localization using speaker position in specific coordinate systems and accurately predict ferrets' actions in held-out data. Our results demonstrate that ferrets, an animal model in which neurons are known to be tuned to sound location in egocentric and allocentric reference frames, can also localize sounds in multiple head and world-centered spaces.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHumans can describe the location of sounds either relative to themselves, or in the world, independent of their momentary position. These different spaces are also represented in the activity of neurons in animals, but it is not clear whether nonhuman listeners also perceive both head and world-centered sound location. Here, we designed behavioral tasks in which ferrets discriminated between sounds using their position in the world, or relative to the head. Subjects learnt to solve both problems and generalized sound location in each space when presented with infrequent probe sounds. These findings reveal a perceptual correlate of neural sensitivity previously observed in the ferret brain and establish that, like humans, ferrets can access an auditory map of their local environment.
New Stories to Tell
Authors: Langer Adina Jocelyn , Ghizoni Sandra Kollen
Published: May 2022

When undertaken with care and forethought, interdisciplinary research projects can push scholarly boundaries while strengthening bonds with community stakeholders. Through describing the origins, development, and preliminary takeaways from an interdisciplinary oral history project, Stories of Holocaust Survival: An Economic Perspective, this Report from the Field sheds light on the benefits of bending methodological norms in public historical work with communities that have experienced trauma. It also describes ways in which Holocaust oral history can contribute to the understanding of economic infrastructure.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Cholangitis
Authors: Lee Tae Yoon
Published: May 2022

Acute cholangitis is a clinical syndrome characterized by fever, jaundice, and abdominal pain that develops as a result of stasis and infection in the biliary tract. It can be a life-threatening condition if it is not recognized early. Patients with severe cholangitis may present with hypotension, and mental status changes. The most frequent causes of acute cholangitis are biliary calculi, benign biliary stricture, and malignancy. The most common pathogens isolated are gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli , followed by Klebsiella species and Enterobacter species). A diagnosis of acute cholangitis requires evidence of systemic inflammation, cholestasis, and imaging with biliary obstruction. Imaging studies may consist of ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, and/or endoscopic ultrasound. The mainstay of treatment consists of fluid resuscitation, antibiotics, and biliary drainage. Penicillin/β-lactamase, third-generation cephalosporin, or carbapenem are all acceptable choices for first-line treatment. In patients with severe cholangitis, biliary drainage should be performed within 24 hours. Patients with severe acute cholangitis require urgent (within 24 hours) biliary decompression. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography remains the preferred modality for biliary drainage. In conclusion, acute cholangitis is mostly treatable when recognized and treated early. Recognizing and initiating early treatment leads to markedly decreased patient morbidity and mortality.
Influence of Personal Qualities of Studentson the Efficiency of Developing Professional Drawing skills
Authors:   Anapa Branch of Moscow Pedagogical State University, Bystrushkin Sergey Konstantinovich , Kovalevskaya Victoria Constantinovna ,   Anapa Branch of Moscow Pedagogical State University, Seliverstova Irina Grigorievna ,   Anapa Branch of Moscow Pedagogical State University, Khlystova Veronika Gennadievna ,   Anapa Branch of Moscow Pedagogical State University, Biktagirov Arslan Gabtullaevich ,   Anapa Branch of Moscow Pedagogical State University, Horosok Tatyana Anatolievna ,   Anapa Branch of Moscow Pedagogical State University
Published: May 2022

Problem and purpose. The article actualizes the problem of the influence of the personal qualities of girls studying in the specialty of secondary vocational education “Design” on the effectiveness of mastering professional drawing skills. The purpose of the article is to study the influence of the personal qualities of girls studying in the specialty of secondary vocational education “Design” on the effectiveness of mastering professional drawing skills. Methodology. The work used methods of empirical research of personal qualities: the dominant perceptual modality, types of thinking, the level of creativity, as well as statistical and comparative methods of analysis. Studying the problem of the influence of personal qualities on the efficiency of mastering graphic skills allows solving the problems of developing the creative potential of innate personality inclinations, on the basis of which students master professional skills of visual activity. In the context of secondary vocational education, the study of the influence of students’ personal qualities on the successful mastering of professional skills becomes a decisive factor in solving educational problems of improving professional skills. The results of the study show that the beneficial, educational influence of parents in the family contributes to the development of the creative potential of such personal qualities as: confidence, emotional lability, contact and social activity. These socio-psychological qualities, in combination with the dominant visual-kinesthetic system of sensory perception and the creative potential of imaginative thinking and creativity, serve as the basis for the effective development of professional drawing skills in a professional training environment. Conclusion. In the course of the study, it was found that the formation of personal qualities, studying girls designers, is due to innate inclinations: the dominant visual-kinesthetic system of sensory perception, the creative potential of imaginative thinking and creativity. Favorable, educational influence of parents and positive relationships in the family, contribute to the development of students: confidence, emotional lability, contact and social activity, necessary in the development of professional drawing skills.