bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multidimensional Family Therapy: A Science‐Based Treatment System
Authors: Liddle Howard A.
Published: June 2010

MDFT is a family‐based intervention for adolescent substance abuse and associated mental health and behavioural problems (Liddle, 2010). Integrative in several ways, MDFT uses an ecological or contextual conceptual framework to understand the developmental tasks of teens and their families. Research‐derived knowledge about risk and protective factors, and proximal causes, correlates and contributors to adolescent drug and related problems inform clinical thinking and interventions with every case. A multisystems approach, MDFT assesses and intervenes in four areas: (1) the adolescent as an individual and a member of a family and peer network; (2) the parent(s), both as individual adults and in his or her role as mother; father or caregiver; (3) the family environment and family relationships, as manifested in day‐to‐day family transactional patterns; and (4) extrafamilial sources of influence such as peers, school and juvenile justice. Interventions are made within and coordinated across domains. Progress in one area or with one person has implications for and use in others. Individual meetings with parent(s) and teen set the stage for family sessions, and family meetings may offer content and new outcomes that need to be brought to extrafamily meetings with juvenile justice or school personnel. MDFT was developed and tested as a treatment system rather than a one‐size‐fits‐all approach. A treatment system offers different versions of a clinical model that vary according to factors such as clinical sample characteristics (older versus younger adolescents, juvenile justice involved versus no involvement in juvenile justice systems), and treatment parameters (type of clinical setting and treatment dose).
Treating Serious Emotional and Behavioural Problems Using Multisystemic Therapy
Authors: Henggeler Scott W. , Schaeffer Cindy M.
Published: June 2010

Multisystemic therapy (MST) is a family‐ and community‐based treatment of serious emotional and behavioural problems presented by adolescents. The development of this model began in the late 1970s, and today MST is a leading evidence‐based treatment of serious antisocial behaviour in youths, with programs transported to more than 30 states in the United States and 12 nations, including Australia and New Zealand. This article rerviews the theoretical rationale that underlies MST and presents the central clinical features of the intervention model. In addition, the training and quality assurance protocols used to promote MST program fidelity and treatment adherence are described. Finally, findings from approximately 15 published randomised and two quasi‐experimental clinical trials with youths presenting serious clinical problems (e.g., violence, substance abuse, serious emotional disturbance, sexual offending, and chronic illness) are summarised.
Attachment Style, Rules Regarding Sex, and Couple Satisfaction: A Study of Gay Male Couples
Authors: Ramirez Oscar Modesto , Brown Jac
Published: June 2010

This article explores the characteristics of open and closed relationships in 170 gay men according to their levels of satisfaction, their attachment styles, and the rules of having sex outside their relationships for open couples. We found no significant difference between open or closed relationships in levels of satisfaction or attachment styles. However, we found that gay men in open relationships who have explicit rules about having sex with other men are significantly more satisfied that those gay men with no rules. A content analysis of the rules is presented and implications for therapy are drawn from the findings.
Book Reviews
Authors: Cartelli Philip , Dubowsky Jack Curtis , Haastrup Helle Kannik , Roe Bella Honess , Odorico Stefano
Published: June 2010

Ousmane Sembne: Interviews, Annett Busch and Max Annas, eds., (2008) Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 225 pp., ISBN 9781934110867 (pbk), $22

How the West Was Sung: Music in the Westerns of John Ford, Kathryn Kalinak, (2007) Berkeley: University
of California Press, 256 pp., ISBN 9780520252349 (pbk), $27.95

Hollywood Hybrids: Mixing Genres in Contemporary Films, Ira Jaffe, (2008) Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 181 pp., ISBN-13 9780742539518, ISBN-10 0742539512 (pbk), $24.95

The
Illusion of Life II: More Essays on Animation, Alan Cholodenko, ed., (2007) Sydney: Power Publications, 576 pp., ISBN 9780909952341 (pbk), 28.50

Truth or Dare: Art and Documentary, Gail Pearce and Cahal McLaughlin, eds., (2007) Bristol: Intellect, 144 pp., ISBN 9781841501758
(pbk), 19.95
Innovation network and technological capability development in the Thai SME sector: The case of the Thai dessert industry
Authors: Yokakul Nattaka , Zawdie Girma
Published: June 2010

This article looks into the triple helix system as a basis for promoting technology and innovation in the Thai small and medium enterprise (SME) sector, with particular reference to the Thai dessert industry. The article draws on the significance of networking and social capital development for cultivating the indigenous knowledge base of the Thai dessert industry with the aim to improve prospects for technological capability development and long-term growth of firms in the industry. Best practice cases in knowledge acquisition and use are discussed in the context of network development, innovation and technology improvement in three cases of community-based business. Network facilitators or leaders play a crucial role in promoting the development of entrepreneurship and social capital in the community. They act as gatekeepers, acquiring knowledge from outside the community and making it accessible for members to use and engage in knowledge sharing and exchange. The aim is to build a culture of trust to stimulate interactive learning, creativity and innovation within the evolving social network.
Forest resource accounting for sustainable forest management: An exploratory study in India
Authors: Singh Katar , Kotwal P. C , Mali Kiran P
Published: June 2010

Forest Resource Accounting (FRA) is an important instrument of sustainable forest management (SFM). It facilitates estimation of the economic value of tangible and intangible forest benefits and the contribution of the forestry sector to gross domestic product (GDP). This article presents a critical review of the practice of FRA in the light of experience in India. Case studies are used as the empirical basis to propose an improved system of FRA on lines of the system of integrated environmental and economic accounting (SEEA). Also explored is the role of FRA in facilitating the achievement of the goals of SFM. The study shows that the contribution of the forestry sector to India's economy could be significantly enhanced if the value of unrecorded forest benefits were included in the national system of accounts.
Rimdas: A Proposed System for Reducing Runway Incursions
Authors: Squire Peter N. , Barrow Jane H. , Durkee Kevin T. , Smith Carl “Mac” , Moore Jennifer C. , Parasuraman Raja
Published: June 2010

FEATURE AT A GLANCE: To address the increasingly serious problem of runway incursions at airports, we developed a novel design based on inexpensive sensor technology and a hybrid cognitive engineering development plan. Alerting time and monetary costs were critical factors in the creation of a low-cost, scalable, and flexible system that can directly warn pilots and air traffic controllers of impending incursions. This article describes the human-centered design process used to develop an alternative to current runway incursion prevention systems. Because it is cost-effective, the system could be employed at nearly any airport regardless of size or budget.
Reducing Risk in System Design Through Human-Systems Integration
Authors: Stark Robert F. , Kokini Christina
Published: June 2010

FEATURE AT A GLANCE: Our goal is to provide examples that demonstrate the risk reduction benefits of human-systems integration (HSI), a crucial part of successful and efficient system design. It supplements Booher and Minninger's 2003 work by providing parallel examples in nonmilitary domains for a subset of their HSI success factors, and explaining how risk was or could have been avoided, transferred, assumed, or mitigated through the use of HSI. Because benefits of HSI include reducing costs and improving safety, acceptance, and performance, those in any work domain should consider whether HSI should have a larger role in their system design process.
Provocations: Technology Impedances to Augmented Cognition
Authors: Cummings M. L.
Published: June 2010

Augmented cognition research is significantly limited by technological and modeling difficulties.
Perspectives: A Human Factors Perspective on Aircraft Design
Authors: Cummings M. L.
Published: June 2010

Three graduate students provide humorous takes on human factors engineering for airplanes.
Professional Issues: Testifying at NTSB Public Hearings
Authors: Dismukes R. Key , Burian Barbara K.
Published: June 2010

AT A GLANCE: We were asked to testify at the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) public hearings on two recent high-profile airline accidents: Colgan Air flight 3407 and US Airways flight 1549. We were able to draw on a broad range of human factors/ergonomics (HF/E) studies to explain the challenges pilots face in accident scenarios and the reasons for vulnerability to error. In this article, we discuss the format for NTSB public hearings and how we approached the presentation of our HF/E findings.
Global Ergonomics: Design for Social Impact
Authors: Sklar Aaron , Madsen Sally
Published: June 2010

AT A GLANCE: Design thinking can be a powerful tool in addressing the complex challenges in developing countries. When used with intention, existing design practices are a strong foundation to reach innovative solutions. Five key principles guide our work: (1) Start with empathy. (2) Design for communities. (3) Take a systems view. (4) Make appropriate trade-offs. (5) Prepare your team. Practiced well, our design process can lead us to innovations that truly meet people's needs and improve their lives. In fact, we find that as we engage our fundamental design practices in the developing world, we reinvigorate our approach to any design challenge.
The Transcriptional Landscape of Cross-Specific Hybrids and Its Possible Link With Growth in Brook Charr (Salvelinus fontinalisMitchill)
Authors: Bougas Bérénice , Granier Sarah , Audet Céline , Bernatchez Louis
Published: June 2010

The genetic mechanisms underlying hybridization are poorly understood despite their potentially important roles in speciation processes, adaptative evolution, and agronomical innovation. In this study, transcription profiles were compared among three populations of brook charr and their hybrids using microarrays to assess the influence of hybrid origin on modes of transcription regulation inheritance and on the mechanisms underlying growth. We found that twice as many transcripts were differently expressed between the domestic population and the two wild populations (Rupert and Laval) than between wild ones, despite their deeper genetic distance. This could reflect the consequence of artificial selection during domestication. We detected that hybrids exhibited strikingly different patterns of mode of transcription regulation, being mostly additive (94%) for domestic × Rupert, and nonadditive for Laval × domestic (45.7%) and Rupert × Laval hybrids (37.5%). Both heterosis and outbreeding depression for growth were observed among the crosses. Our results indicated that prevalence of dominance in transcription regulation seems related to growth heterosis, while prevalence of transgressive transcription regulation may be more related to outbreeding depression. Our study clearly shows, for the first time in vertebrates, that the consequences of hybridization on both the transcriptome level and the phenotype are highly dependent on the specific genetic architectures of crossed populations and therefore hardly predictable.
Genome Changes After Gene Duplication: Haploidy vs. Diploidy
Authors: Xue Cheng , Huang Ren , Maxwell Taylor J , Fu Yun-Xin
Published: June 2010

Since genome size and the number of duplicate genes observed in genomes increase from haploid to diploid organisms, diploidy might provide more evolutionary probabilities through gene duplication. It is still unclear how diploidy promotes genomic evolution in detail. In this study, we explored the evolution of segmental gene duplication in haploid and diploid populations by analytical and simulation approaches. Results show that (1) under the double null recessive (DNR) selective model, given the same recombination rate, the evolutionary trajectories and consequences are very similar between the same-size gene-pool haploid vs. diploid populations; (2) recombination enlarges the probability of preservation of duplicate genes in either haploid or diploid large populations, and haplo-insufficiency reinforces this effect; and (3) the loss of duplicate genes at the ancestor locus is limited under recombination while under complete linkage the loss of duplicate genes is always random at the ancestor and newly duplicated loci. Therefore, we propose a model to explain the advantage of diploidy: diploidy might facilitate the increase of recombination rate, especially under sexual reproduction; more duplicate genes are preserved under more recombination by originalization (by which duplicate genes are preserved intact at a special quasi-mutation-selection balance under the DNR or haplo-insufficient selective model), so genome sizes and the number of duplicate genes in diploid organisms become larger. Additionally, it is suggested that small genomic rearrangements due to the random loss of duplicate genes might be limited under recombination.
Interdisciplinary Management of Patients With Ectodermal Dysplasia
Authors: Van Sickels Joseph E. , Raybould Ted P. , Hicks E. Preston
Published: June 2010

A 15-year-old girl with ectodermal dysplasia who had been treated previously with minimal orthodontic intervention and removal prosthesis was seen and evaluated at the General Practice Program at the University of Kentucky. After consultations with orthodontics and oral and maxillofacial surgery, an interdisciplinary staged treatment plan was developed to address her skeletal and dental issues. The authors briefly review the literature with respect to current therapy for patients with ectodermal dysplasia and present the case as an example of the coordinated care provided for a patient with complex skeletal and dental issues.
Full-Arch Metal-Resin Cement- and Screw-Retained Provisional Restoration for Immediately Loaded Implants
Authors: Baig Mirza Rustum , Rajan Gunaseelan
Published: June 2010

This article describes the clinical and laboratory procedures involved in the fabrication of laboratory-processed, provisional, screw-retained, implant-supported maxillary and mandibular fixed complete dentures incorporating a cast metal reinforcement for immediate loading of implants. Precise fit is achieved by intraoral luting of the cast frame to milled abutments. Effective splinting of all implants is attained by the metal substructure and retrievability is provided by the screw-retention of the prosthesis.
Evaluation of the Long-Term Results of Rat Cranial Bone Repair Using a Particular Xenograft
Authors: Develioglu Hakan , Saraydın SerpilÜnver , Kartal Ünal , Taner Levent
Published: June 2010

Bone defects that cannot be healed completely are termed critical-sized defects and can be used to test bone grafts for medicine, dentistry, and periodontology. The aim of the present study was to detect the effects of a xenograft (Unilab Surgibone) on bone building in experimentally created parietal bone defects in rats. Standardized parietal bone defects were created in 16 rats, and each defect had a circular morphology 6 mm in diameter. The right defect sites were filled with porous particle material, and the left site was used as control. After the 3rd, 6th, and 12th months, rats were killed and tissue samples obtained from the related site of the cranium. Subsequently, histological sections were taken and stained with different stains for evaluation under light microscope. The rate of bone formation was assessed using a semiquantitative method. These results showed that dense collagenous tissue was observed in the control area during the third month, whereas xenograft particles were surrounded by a fibrous tissue layer at the implantation site. Osteoclast-like cells were also observed. There was also no significant bone repair at other observation periods. It can be concluded that the material used had no evidence of resorption and does not enhance bone formation. However, it seems biocompatible, osteoconductive, and could be used in a limited manner as a material for filling osseous defects in clinical practice.
Computerized Tomographic Evaluation of Symphyseal Donor Sites Used in the Reconstruction of the Posterior Maxilla: A Case Report of 2 Patients
Authors: Park Jun-Beom
Published: June 2010

Autogenous bone grafts are commonly used for reconstruction of the deficient maxillary alveolar ridge. Mandibular ramus, symphysis, extraction sites, and retromolar sites are the most common sources for harvesting autogenous bone grafts from intraoral regions. Several authors have used computerized tomography (CT) to evaluate the dimensional change of bone graft, but there are limited reports evaluating donor sites for autogenous bone. In this report, 2 patients were treated with autogenous bone graft from the mandibular symphysis. Postoperative CT scans were used to evaluate the radiographic change in the symphyseal area. The patients treated with autogenous bone showed uneventful healing at the donor and recipient sites and good acceptance of the procedure. At the final evaluation, CT analysis demonstrated a persisting radiolucency in the donor area, even though the defect size was reduced. Further evaluation may be needed to evaluate the progress of remineralization and long-term results.
Symphyseal Bone Cylinders Tapping With the Dental Implant Into Insufficiency Bone Situated Esthetic Area at One-Stage Surgery: A Case Report and the Description of the New Technique
Authors: Tekin Umut , Kocyigit Doruk I. , Sahin Volkan
Published: June 2010

Periodontal defects and trauma at the anterior maxillary region can cause a severe alveolar ridge deficiency resulting in an unesthetic view. Ideal implant positioning can be compromised by inadequate alveolar bone in terms of height and width. Reconstruction of osseous defects with autogenous bone allows ideal implant positioning and creates a more natural soft and hard tissue profile, which influences esthetic crown anatomy at the anterior maxillary region. In this case report, an alveolar ridge defect due to periodontally compromised tooth extraction was filled with autogenous bone cylinder and dental implant at one-stage surgery. In the presented case, a new technique was described which included bone reconstruction of the defects at the anterior maxillary region and simultaneous placement of the dental implant.
Detection of the Mandibular Canal and the Mental Foramen in Panoramic Radiographs: Intraexaminer Agreement
Authors: Shibli Jamil A. , Martins Marília C. , Loffredo Leonor C. M. , Scaf Gulnara
Published: June 2010

The aim of this study was to evaluate the intraexaminer agreement in the detection of the mandibular canal roof (MCR) and mental foramen (MF) in panoramic radiographs. Forty panoramic radiographs of edentulous patients were used. Two calibrated examiners (A and B) read the images 2 times, for both sides independently, under blind conditions. The interval between the readings was 10 days. The intraexaminer agreement in the interpretation of MCR and MF was performed by kappa statistics with linear weighting (κ). The intraexaminer agreement for the detection of MCR, in the left side, was good for both examiners (A: κ  =  0.67; B: κ  =  0.71). Related to the right side, it was found to be κ  =  0.47 and κ  =  0.62, respectively to A and B. The intraexaminer agreement for the detection of MF was good for both examiners interpreting the left side (A: κ  =  0.61; B: κ  =  0.63), and in relation to the right side, it was moderate (A: κ  =  0.51) and fair (B: κ  =  0.38). The intraexaminer agreement in the detection of MCR was good and from good to fair in the detection of MF.
In Vitro Evaluation of the Removal Force of Abutments in Frictional Dental Implants
Authors: Zielak João César , Rorbacker Murilo , Gomes Rodrigo , Yamashita Celso , Gonzaga Carla Castiglia , Giovanni Allan Fernando
Published: June 2010

The objective of the present work was to determine some force parameters for removal of an abutment from a dental implant in a frictional system (locking taper, 1.23 degrees). Ten implants of the same length (11 mm) and different diameters were selected, along with 10 straight abutments (13 mm length) with different diameters. Abutments were attached to implants without application of force. Fixation of the implant-abutment mount (IA) (repeated 1–5 times) was performed through the impact of a body weight (compression force, tapping) left from a known height. After each group of tappings, IA mounts were coupled with a tensile strength tester. The lowest removal value was found after the first tapping of mount #2 (83 N, implant diameter 3.3 mm/4.5 mm abutment diameter), and the highest removal value happened with mount #8 after the fifth tapping (420 N, 5.0 mm/5.5 mm). The force to remove IA mounts increased with the number of tappings and with the increase in abutment mass. Three activations (tappings) of the abutment were considered necessary to yield optimal stability, demonstrated by the large increase in removal force.
Bone Remodeling in Onlay Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate and Coral Grafts to Rat Calvaria: Microcomputerized Tomography Analysis
Authors: Anavi Yakir , Avishai Gal , Calderon Shlomo , Allon Dror M
Published: June 2010

This study was conducted to establish the efficiency of microcomputerized tomography (micro-CT) in detection of trabecular bone remodeling of onlay grafts in a rodent calvaria model, and to compare bone remodeling after onlay grafts with beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) or coral calcium carbonate. Ten rats received calvarial onlay blocks—5 with TCP and 5 with coral calcium carbonate. The grafts were fixed with a titanium miniplate screw and were covered with a collagen resorbable membrane. Three months after surgery, the calvaria were segmented, and a serial 3-dimensional micro-CT scan of the calvarium and grafted bone block at 16-micrometer resolution was performed. Image analysis software was used to calculate the percentage of newly formed bone from the total block size. Newly formed bone was present adjacent to the calvarium and screw in all specimens. The mean area of newly formed bone of the total block size ranged from 34.67%–38.34% in the TCP blocks, and from 32.41%–34.72% in the coral blocks. In the TCP blocks, bone remodeling was found to be slightly higher than in the coral blocks. Micro-CT appears to be a precise, reproducible, specimen-nondestructive method of analysis of bone formation in onlay block grafts to rat calvaria.
Osseointegrated Implant Fracture: Causes and Treatment
Authors: Gealh Walter Cristiano , Mazzo Valéria , Barbi Francisco , Camarini Edevaldo Tadeu
Published: June 2010

Despite its high success rate, therapy with osseointegrated dental implants is not free of complications. Among the problems that may occur is fracture of implants, which, albeit a rare phenomenon, may lead to unpleasant clinical outcomes for the patient, as well as for the clinician. Thus, it is paramount to know the factors related to the biological processes involved in maintenance of osseointegration and biomechanics applied to dental implants to prevent such complications, as well as treatment options available to deal with the problem. Therefore, the objectives of this work were to investigate the literature to identify causative factors that may lead to fracture of dental implants and to discuss available procedures.
Spiral Implants Bearing Full-Arch Rehabilitation: Analysis of Clinical Outcome
Authors: Danza Matteo , Grecchi Francesco , Zollino Ilaria , Casadio Claudia , Carinci Francesco
Published: June 2010

A spiral implant (SPI) is a conical internal helix implant with a variable thread design which confers the characteristic of self drilling, self tapping, and self bone condensing. The effectiveness of this type of implant has been reported in several clinical situations. However, because there are no reports that specifically focus on one of the biggest challenges in oral rehabilitation, that is, full arch rehabilitation, it was decided to perform a retrospective study. The study population was composed of 23 patients (12 women and 11 men, median age 57 years) for evaluation and implant treatment between January 2005 and June 2009. Two-hundred six spiral family implants (SFIs) were inserted with a mean postloading follow-up of 23 months. Several variables were investigated: demographic (age and gender), anatomic (maxilla and mandible, tooth site), implant (type, length, and diameter), surgical (surgeon, postextractive, flapless technique, grafts), and prosthetic (implant/crown ratio, dentition in the antagonist arch, type of loading, and computerized tomography [CT] planning) variables. Implant loss and peri-implant bone resorption were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate tests were performed. Survival and success rates were 97.1% and 82.5%, respectively. Only implant length and implant/crown ratio showed statistical significance in determining a better clinical outcome. In conclusion, SFIs are a reliable tool for the most difficult cases of oral rehabilitation. No differences were detected among implant type. Length and implant/crown ratio can influence the crestal bone resorption with better result for longer fixtures and a higher implant/crown ratio. In addition, banked bone derived from living donors can be used to restore alveolar ridge augmentation without adverse effects. Finally, flapless and CT-planned surgery did not significantly increase the clinical outcome in most complex rehabilitation.
Er:YAG Laser in the Clinical Management of Severe Peri-implantitis: A Case Report
Authors: Badran Zahi , Bories Céline , Struillou Xavier , Saffarzadeh Afchine , Verner Christian , Soueidan Assem
Published: June 2010

Peri-implantitis is bacterial infections of peri-implant supporting tissues, involving the peri-implant bone. Several treatment protocols have been tested in clinical practice with variable efficacy. The clinical management of peri-implantitis aims for elimination of plaque and calculus, decontamination of the failing implant surface, and regeneration of lost bone tissue. Surface decontamination is an important part of all suggested treatments. This can be accomplished with the use of chemical agents (eg, chlorhexidine) or mechanical (eg, ultrasonic) or photonic (eg, laser) devices. In this report, we present a case of severe peri-implantitis that was successfully managed with a combined nonsurgical and surgical approach. Implant surface debridement/decontamination of the implant surface was achieved with an erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) laser device.
Dental Implant Rehabilitation of a Patient With Down Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Ribeiro Cleide Gisele , Siqueira Aline Franco , Bez Leonardo , Cardoso Antônio Carlos , Ferreira Cimara Fortes
Published: June 2010

Implant-supported rehabilitations show higher patient satisfaction when compared with conventional prostheses. Systemic conditions, however, can affect treatment planning of dental implant supported rehabilitations. The oral structures that are commonly affected in patients with Down syndrome include the tongue (macroglossia), teeth (number and shape), and poor quality alveolar and jaw bones (osteoporotic-like). This clinical case presents an interdisciplinary team approach aimed at achieving functional, phonetic, and esthetic outcomes in a patient with Down syndrome.
Bone Repair in Periodontal Defect Using a Composite of Allograft and Calcium Sulfate (DentoGen) and a Calcium Sulfate Barrier
Authors: Mazor Ziv , Mamidwar Sachin , Ricci John L. , Tovar* Nick M.
Published: June 2010

Deep bone defects are caused by the progression of periodontal disease, which breaks down bone and connective tissue that hold teeth in place. In this case, a 37-year-old male patient presented a deep bone defect with advanced periodontal disease around an upper canine. Medical-grade calcium sulfate was mixed with demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft and used to repair and regenerate the defect. Analysis of the radiographs at the 5-month time point showed the bone had completely regenerated.
Precision Attachment Case Restoration With Implant Abutments: A Review With Case Reports
Authors: Feinberg Edward
Published: June 2010

Passively retained precision attachment partial dentures have been used successfully on natural tooth abutments since the 1920s. However, the dental profession has not advocated their use with implant abutments. When used in the passive manner that has proven successful on natural tooth abutments, precision attachment cases on implant abutments can be an excellent treatment option. This type of case has been used successfully for more than 17 years and offers tremendous advantages over the conventional overdenture approach to removal restorations on implant abutments.
Comparison of Delayed Implant Placement vs Immediate Implant Placement Using Resonance Frequency Analysis: A Pilot Study on Rabbits
Authors: Kunnekel Ashish T. , Dudani Mohit T. , Nair Chandrasekharan K. , Naidu E. M. , Sivagami G.
Published: June 2010

Ten identical implants were equally divided into 2 groups. In the immediate placement (control) group, implants were placed immediately following osteotomy preparation, and in the delayed placement (test) group, implants were placed 2 weeks following osteotomy preparation, in rabbit femurs. Implant stability quotient values for both groups were measured using resonance frequency analysis immediately following placement and at day 40. Results were statistically analyzed and indicate that delayed placement of implants leads to faster rates of osseointegration.
The Effect of Screw Color and Technique to Fill Access Hole on the Final Color of Screw-Retained Implant Crowns
Authors: Kurt Murat , Ural Çağrı , Kulunk Tolga , Şanal Ayşe Fatma , Erkoçak Ayça
Published: June 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of screw color and thickness of the composite on the final implant color. Gray and golden-colored titanium specimens were used as 2 different backgrounds. Composite disks were made in different thicknesses. Titanium and composite disk samples were placed into a metal mold as in the test groups for color measurement. The background color did not affect the final color. Composite resin thickness affected the final color.
The Mini Dental Implant in Fixed and Removable Prosthetics: A Review
Authors: Flanagan Dennis , Mascolo Andrea
Published: June 2010

Dental implant treatment can restore oral function to edentulous patients. Recently, mini implants have been shown to be successful in minimally invasive treatment. There are initial reports of mini implants retaining removable prostheses and supporting fixed partial and complete dentures. This article reviews the treatment of edentulous patients with prostheses and mini implants and offers guidelines for successful outcomes.
On persistently positively expansive maps
Authors: Arbieto Alexander
Published: June 2010

In this paper, we prove that any C¹-persistently positively expansive map is expanding. This improves a result due to Sakai (Sakai 2004).
Influence of accumulation of heaps of steel slag on the environment: determination of heavy metals content in the soils
Authors: Garcia-Guinea Javier , Correcher Virgilio , Recio-Vazquez Lorena , Crespo-Feo Elena , Gonzalez-Martin Rafael , Tormo Laura
Published: June 2010

The presence of high level of heavy metals involves a human healthy risk that could induce chronic diseases. This work reports on the metal contamination due to heaps of steel-slag accumulated during more than 40 years in allotments and industrial areas in the southern part of Madrid (Spain). Several slag and soil samples were collected in an area of 10 km² and characterized by different conventional (XRD and XRF) and no so common methods (ESEM, thermoluminescence and EDS-WDS). The analysis reveal the presence of: (i) important amounts of Fe (43%), Mg (26%), Cr (1.1%), Mn (4.6%), S (6.5%) in the form of Fe-rich slag phases (wustite, magnetite...), Si and Ca-rich phases (larnite, ghelenite...), Cr (chromite), Mn (bustamite) and graphite, (ii) traces of some other contaminants such as Cr (7700 ppm), Zn (3500 ppm), Ba (3000 ppm), Pb (700 ppm) or Cu (500 ppm) on pathway soil samples that come from the steel slag, and (iii) Co (13 ppm), Pb (78 ppm) and V (54 ppm) in farmland soil samples. Although the existing heavy metals content is not appropriate for the current use, the extremely high metal contamination of the surrounding areas is more worrying. The properties of the soil farmlands (pH circa 7, 13% of clay, mainly illite, and 1-4% of organic matter content) show suitable conditions for the retention of cationic metals, but further studies on the movilization of these elements have to be performed to determine the possibility of severe human health risks. This sort of study can provide useful information for the politicians regarding the appropriate use of the territory to prevent possible health hazard for the population.
The density of females of Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare and LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) affects their reproductive performance on pupae of Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)
Authors: Pereira Fabricio F. , Zanuncio José C. , Serrão José E. , Zanuncio Teresinha V. , Pratissoli Dirceu , Pastori Patrik L.
Published: June 2010

Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare and LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is a gregarious and polyphagous parasitoid mainly of Lepidoptera pupae. The objective of this paper as to study the developent of parasitoid on Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) pupae exposed to one, nine, 18, 27, 36, 45 or 54 female P. elaeisis, respectively. The females of the parasitoid remained in contact with pupae for 24 hours in glass tubes (14.0 x 2.2 cm), packed in a climatic chamber regulated at 25 ± 2°C, 70 ± 10% relative humidity and photo phase of 12 hours. With the exception of density 1:1 (72.72%), in other densities parasitism was 100%. Adults of P. elaeisis did not emerge from pupae at densities of 1:1 and 9:1, but 100.0% of parasitoid emergence was observed at the density of 45:1 and 54.54% at 54:1. The duration of the life cycle of this parasitoid ranged from 20 to 28 days. P. elaeisis produced 49 to 589 descendants per pupa of B. mori. The sex ratio of P. elaeisis ranged from 0.93 ± 0.01 to 0.97 ± 0.01 without differences with 18, 27, 36, 45 and 54 females/host. This parasitoid should be reared with the density of 45 females per pupa of B. mori.
Diet influence on egg production of the copepod Acartia tonsa (Dana, 1896)
Authors: Teixeira Priscila F. , Kaminski Sonia M. , Avila Tatiana R. , Cardozo Alessandro P. , Bersano José G.F. , Bianchini Adalto
Published: June 2010

Egg production in the copepod Acartia tonsa was evaluated using different densities of the microalgae Thalassiosira weissflogii, Chaetoceros muelleri and Isochrysis galbana. Male and female were kept under controlled conditions (salinity 30, 20°C, photoperiod 12L:12D), acclimated to the experimental conditions and left over a period of 24 h to allow copulation. Algal densities tested were equivalent in biovolume and corresponded to 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60.10³ cells.mL-1 of T weissflogii. Ten acclimated female were separated, transferred to glass bottles and exposed for further 24 h to the corresponding experimental medium. After this period, the eggs were fixed and counted. Copepod egg production reached a threshold value when T weissflogii, C. muelleri and I. galbana were supplied at 10.10³, 140.10³ and 640.10³ cells.mL-1, respectively. Mean egg production corresponded to 28.0 ± 0.5, 20.1 ± 1.0 and 22.0 ± 3.5 eggs.female-1 .day-1, respectively. Copepods fed T weissflogii showed the highest mean egg production while those fed I. galbana reached a maximum egg production when the algae were supplied at a density two- to fourfold higher, considering the biovolume of T weissflogii and C. muelleri. These differences are explained considering the different sizes of the microalgae used to feed the copepods.
Isoetes pedersenii, a new species from Southern South America
Authors: Macluf Cecilia , Meza Torres Esteban I. , Solís Stella M.
Published: June 2010

The name Isoetes pedersenii H.P. Fuchs (Lycophyta), a species known only from the Mburucuyá National Park, Corrientes, Argentina, is validated. Observations were carried out on herbarium material with stereoscopic, light and scanning electron microscopes. The species is described and typified. A diagnosis and discussion about its distribution and its relationship with the morphology of other species of Isoetes are provided.
Histological modifications of the rat prostate following transection of somatic and autonomic nerves
Authors: Diaz Rosaura , Garcia Luis I. , Locia Jose , Silva Milagros , Rodriguez Sara , Perez Cesar A. , Aranda-Abreu Gonzalo E. , Manzo Jorge , Toledo Rebeca , Hernandez Maria Elena
Published: June 2010

It is known that hormones influence significantly the prostate tissue. However, we reported that mating induces an increase in androgen receptors, revealing a neural influence on the gland. These data suggested that somatic afferents (scrotal and genitofemoral nerves) and autonomic efferents (pelvic and hypogastric nerves) could regulate the structure of the prostate. Here we assessed the role of these nerves in maintaining the histology of the gland. Hence, afferent or efferent nerves of male rats were transected. Then, the ventral and dorsolateral regions of the prostate were processed for histology. Results showed that afferent transection affects prostate histology. The alveoli area decreased and increased in the ventral and dorsolateral prostate, respectively. The epithelial cell height increased in both regions. Efferent denervation produced dramatic changes in the prostate gland. The tissue lost its configuration, and the epithelium became scattered and almost vanished. Thus, afferent nerves are responsible for spinal processes pertaining to the trophic control of the prostate, activating its autonomic innervation. Hence, our data imply that innervation seems to be synergic with hormones for the healthy maintenance of the prostate. Thus, it is suggested that some prostate pathologies could be due to the failure of the autonomic neural pathways regulating the gland.
In vitro and in vivo antiproliferative activity of Calotropis procera stem extracts
Authors: Magalhães Hemerson I.F. , Ferreira Paulo M.P. , Moura Eraldo S. , Torres Márcia R. , Alves Ana P.N.N. , Pessoa Otília D.L. , Costa-Lotufo Letícia V. , Moraes Manoel O. , Pessoa Cláudia
Published: June 2010

The cytotoxic potential of stem organic extracts from Calotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae) was firstly evaluated against cancer cell lines by MTT assay. Subsequently, samples considered cytotoxic were tested for antimitotic activity on sea urchin egg development and for in vivo antiproliferative activity in mice bearing Sarcoma 180 tumor. Among the five extracts (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol), ethyl acetate and acetone extracts displayed higher cytotoxic potential against tumor cells, with IC50 ranging from 0.8 to 4.4 μg/mL, while methanolic extract was weakly cytotoxic. Cytotoxic extracts also exhibited cell division inhibition capacity by antimitotic assay, revealing IC50 values lower than 5 μg/mL. In the in vivo antitumor assessments, ethyl acetate- and acetone-treated animals showed tumor growth inhibition ratios of 64.3 and 53.1%, respectively, with reversible toxic effects on liver and kidneys. Further studies are in progress in order to identify C. procera cytotoxic compound(s) and to understand the mechanism of action responsible for this tumor-decreasing potential.
Noninvasive method for electrocardiogram recording in conscious rats: feasibility for heart rate variability analysis
Authors: Pereira-Junior Pedro P. , Marocolo Moacir , Rodrigues Fabricio P. , Medei Emiliano , Nascimento José H.M.
Published: June 2010

Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis consists in a well-established tool for the assessment of cardiac autonomic control, both in humans and in animal models. Conventional methods for HRV analysis in rats rely on conscious state electrocardiogram (ECG) recording based on prior invasive surgical procedures for electrodes/transmitters implants. The aim of the present study was to test a noninvasive and inexpensive method for ECG recording in conscious rats, assessing its feasibility for HRV analysis. A custom-made elastic cotton jacket was developed to fit the rat's mean thoracic circumference, with two pieces of platinum electrodes attached on its inner surface, allowing ECG to be recorded noninvasively in conscious, restrained rats (n=6). Time- and frequency-domain HRV analyses were conducted, under basal and autonomic blockade conditions. High-quality ECG signals were obtained, being feasible for HRV analysis. As expected, mean RR interval was significantly decreased in the presence of atropine (p <0.05) and increased in the presence of propranolol (p<0.001). Also, reinforcing the reliability of the method, low- and high-frequency HRV spectral powers were significantly decreased in the presence of propranolol (p <0.05) and atropine (p< 0.001), respectively. In summary, the present work describes a novel, inexpensive and noninvasive method for surface ECG recording in conscious rats.
Seasonal effects of wastewater to the water quality of the Caeté river estuary, Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Pereira Luci C.C. , Monteiro Marcela C. , Guimarães Danielly O. , Matos Jislene B. , Costa Rauquírio M. da
Published: June 2010

Bragança's socioeconomic situation is highly dependent on estuarine and marine biological resources that are influenced by tidal cycles and climatology. Field measurements (hydrological, hydrodynamic and microbiological variables) were taken in the most urbanized zone from Caeté estuary to characterise the quality of the local environment. During the dry period, the estuary was more eutrophic and presented the highest temperature (30.5 °C in Oct./06), salinity (17 psu in Feb./07), pH (8.24 in Feb./07) and fecal coliform (> 1000 MPN/100 ml in Dec./06 and Feb./07) values. The phytoplankton Cyclotella meneghiniana, Coscinodiscus centralis and other r-strategist species were observed. The lack of basic hydric canalization was responsible for the local contamination, especially during the dry period when more concentrated wastewater from the city was emitted into the estuary, showing the human influence on the reduction of local estuarine water quality. In Bragança, the fishery is considered one of the main economic activities so, this contamination is worrisome because a large part of the local economy depends on biological resources and, thus, the contamination could negatively affect the environmental health of this Amazon ecosystem.
Combined U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotope analyses by laser ablation MC-ICP-MS: methodology and applications
Authors: Matteini Massimo , Dantas Elton L. , Pimentel Marcio M. , Bühn Bernhard
Published: June 2010

The Lutetium-Hafnium isotopic system represents one of the most innovative and powerful tools for geochronology and isotopic studies. Combined U-Pb and Lu-Hf in situ analyses on zircon by LA-MC-ICP-MS permit to characterize isotopically the host magma from which it crystallized furnishing significant information for sediment provenance and crustal evolution studies. In this paper e describe the Lu-Hf systematic by LA-MC-ICP-MS developed in the laboratory of Geochronology of the University of Brasilia and report the results obtained by repeated analyses of 176Hf/177Hf isotopic ratio of three zircon standards: GJ-1 = 0.282022 ± 11 (n=56), Temora 2 = 0.282693 ± 14 (n=25) and UQZ = 0.282127 ± 33 (n=11). The 176Hf/177Hf ratio (0.282352 ± 22, n=14) of gem quality zircon used as in-house standard have been also characterized. As a geological application, we analyzed two complex zircons selected from a migmatitic rocks from the Borborema Province, NE Brazil. On the basis of U-Pb and Lu-Hf data, two main crystallization events have been identified in both studied zircons. An older event at ca. 2.05 Ga recognized in the inherited cores represents a well-characterized paleoproterozoic magmatic event that affected the whole Borborema Province. A second crystallization event at ~ 575 Ma, recognized at the rims, represents a Neoproterozoic (Brazilian) high grade metamorphic-magmatic event.
Disector Z-axis mechanical method for stereology
Authors: Xavier-Vidal Ricardo
Published: June 2010

The purpose of this work is to calibrate a not expensive microscope to be applied in Optical Disector estimation. The evaluation of "Z-axis" bias and the "Z-axis" calibration were made utilizing a cover slip and a "manual digimatic outside micrometer scale" (Mitutoyo, Japan). Calibrating the cover slip we performed the calibration of the "Z-axis" of a microscope. In the cover slip two lines were painted with different colors using a pen glass. A blue line was painted on the up surface and another line (red) on the bottom surface of the cover slip forming a cross. Two metal rings with one palette welded in each were adapted in the microscope. Other palette was welded in the gross focuses in order to restrict the route of the fine focuses (Z-axis study) using the two palettes fixed in both rings. Results show that 10 micrometers in "Z-axis" were equal to 3.2 micrometers in the scale of its fine focuses of the microscope. Then, a Disector of 10μm (10μm in Z-axis) is equal to 3.2 micrometers in the fine focuses of this microscope. In conclusion, "Z-axis" calibration is crucial to assure enough precision for Disector Method since the equipment can be manufactured without the ideal precision or its precision can be lost after use.
Observações citológicas em Aloë sp.
Authors: Mendes Cândida H. T.
Published: June 2010

No gênero Aloë, tôdas as espécies estudadas citològicamente até o presente (cêrca de 90) têm 2n = 14 cromossômios. Em uma forma não classificada, a microsporogênese e a gametogênese foram detalhadamente estudadas. O fato mais interessante constatado é o de se associarem, nos grãos de pólen, os núcleos vegetativo e reprodutivo, sem, contudo, se fundirem. Nos tubos polínicos êles de novo se separam, e o reprodutivo dá formação a dois gâmetas. O número e a morfologia dos cromossômios foram estudados em raízes e em grãos de pólen : o complemento cromossômico é constituído por quatro pares de cromossômios longos, bem identificados, e três pares de cromossômios curtos. Um dos cromossômios longos possui um satélite distal; um dos cromossômios curtos possui um satélite proximal, porém apenas em um dos elementos. Um máximo de três nucléolos nos núcleos somáticos de raízes foi constatado, concordando com a existência de três cromossômios com satélites. O fato de ser esta forma heterozigota, para um dos pares de cromossômios curtos, indica que se deve tratar de um híbrido. O estudo botânico revelou que ela apresenta alguns caraterísticos de A. macracantha e outros de A. saponaria. Da espécie A. macracantha, sabe-se apenas que tem sete pares de cromossômios. A. saponaria, com igual número de cromossômios, é uma das três únicas espécies estudadas que possuem satélites no par de cromossômios curtos. Pode-se, então, deduzir, com relativa segurança, que A. saponaria é uma das espécies que entram na constituição desse híbrido. A outra espécie, muito provàvelmente, será A. macracantha.