bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Tetra-Substituted Zinc Phthalocyanine Compound
Authors: Zhang Wei , Duan Wu Biao , Wang Zhen Xin
Published: July 2012

A novel tetra-substituted zinc phthalocyanine 4 [ZnPcNHCOCH2(PEG)5NH2] was synthesized from 4-nitrophthalonitrile by using a four-step procedure. The compound has been characterized by UV–Visible, fluorescence, IR, 1H NMR spectra and MALDI-TOF MS, and the satisfactory result has been obtained. Most importantly, this compound is soluble in many solvents including CHCl3, CH2Cl2, DMF, DMSO, THF and water.
Photoluminescent Properties of Al Doped ZnO by Microwave Induced Combustion Method
Authors: Cao Yuan , Wang Ya Tao , Li Ping
Published: July 2012

Al-doped ZnO nanomaterials were synthesized by microwave-induced combustion method using urea as main fuel, aluminum nitrate provide doping ions and zinc nitrate as oxidant. The effects of microwave power, amount of urea and ratio aluminum nitrate to zinc nitrate on the properties of synthesized sampler were investigated .X-ray, diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM), and photoluminescence(PL) were used to characterize the properties of the sample respectively. The experimental results show that ZnO nanomaterials with cubic ZnO crystal phase of best optical property are obtained at 340W when molar ratio of the zinc nitrate to aluminum nitrate is 40% and fuel just completely reaction. The average primary granularity of the synopsized sample is about 56rnm estimated according to Scherrer Equation. PL test results indicate that the Ultraviolet(UV) emission peak in 360nm can be attributed to the recombination of free excitations through an excitation-excitation collision process, and the green emission peak in 470nm is commonly referred to a deep-level or trap-state.
Fabrication of Polyaniline-Coated Carbon Nanotubes Conducting Wire Nanocomposite for NH3 Gas Sensors at Room Temperature
Authors: Kan Kan , Chen Chun Sheng , Zhang Guang Xin , Jiang Chao , Li Li , Shi Ke Ying
Published: July 2012

The nanocomposite of polyaniline (PAni)-coated Carbon nanotubes (CNT) for NH3gas sensing application are presented in this paper. The nanorods of PAni/CNT nanocomposite was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline using ammonium persulfate in acidic medium. The aniline was adsorbed in CNT by vacuum absorption method. The morphologies and properties of the nanocomposite have been characterized by SEM, XRD and FTIR respectively. Thin sensor of PAni/CNT nanorods was prepared by spin coating method. Finally, the response of these composite films for NH3gas was evaluated by monitoring the change in electrical resistance at room temperature. With compared to the pure PAni and CNT, tSubscript texthe nanorods of PAni/CNT composite films show a higher sensitivity.
Hexagonal NaYF4 Nanotube Arrays Obtained via Solvothermal Process
Authors: Tian Li , Liu Jin , Chen Fei Yu , Sun Qi Liang
Published: July 2012

Hexagonal sodium yttrium fluoride has been successfully synthesized via a facile solvothermal route, using yttrium nitrate, sodium fluoride and polyethanediol as raw materials to react in propanetriol solvent. The as-prepared product was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrum and energy dispersive X-ray spectrum. The characterization results revealed that the products are hexagonal and denoted as NaYF4. The as-synthesized hexagonal sodium yttrium fluoride composed of hollow-structured nanotubes self-assembled and arrayed orientedly to take on bamboo raft morphology. Hexagonal NaYF4 nanotube arrays exhibited high heat stability. This study provides a simple method to prepare bamboo raft-shaped NaYF4 in large scale, which broads their practical applications.
Effect of Seedings on the Microstructure of Hydrated Alumina
Authors: Liu Yan Hong , Ma Hong Wen , Liu Mei Tang
Published: July 2012

The morphology and particle size of boehmite play a decisive role on the application of alumina that derived from it. In this paper, we employed pseudoboehmite that produced from Al2 (SO4)3•18H2O and NH3•H2O at 70 °C, pH 7.5 as precursor to synthesize boehmite, and utilized different seeding when preparing pseudoboehmite and boehmite. To identify the influence of seeding on the microstructure of pseudoboehmite and boehmite, the products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and BET. The results indicate that the pseudoboehmite seeding has a significant influence on the morphology and particle size of pseudoboehmite to which we should pay high attention. However, the boehmite seeding does not play the role of crystal nucleus as expected. The further intrinsic mechanism study is ongoing.
Synthesis of C2-Symmetrically Functionalized Dibromo- Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene
Authors: Jiang Yu , Wang Wen Guang , Cheng Rui , Yang Teng Zhou , Pu Jia Ling
Published: July 2012

A novel dibromo-substituted HBC derivative, whose side chains contains oxygen heteroatoms, has been successfully synthesized by Diels-Alder reaction of asymmetric synthesis. It possesses bromo-functional groups to provide possibility to further synthesize more complex HBC derivatives. The final compound’s structure has been confirmed by1HNMR,13CNMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
Facile Synthesis of Substituted Tetracyanocyclopropanes via Cyclopropanation of Olefin with Arsonium Ylides
Authors: Wang Chang Qing , Li Hai Gen , Zou Huai Bo , Liang Hui , Xiong Zhi Xing , Mei Guang Quan
Published: July 2012

A facile and efficient methodology for the preparation of 3-aryl-1,1,2,2-tetracyanocyclopropanes is described. Arsonium bromides 2 reacted with benzylidenemalononitriles 1 in the presence of KF•2H2O to provide 3-aryl substituted tetracyanocyclopropanes 3 in high to excellent yields.
Gas-Phase Methanol Carbonylation for Dimethyl Ether and Acetic Acid Co-Production
Authors: Ru Bin , Li Xin Bao , Zhu Ling Jun , Xu Guo Hui , Gu Yue Ling
Published: July 2012

Gas-phase methanol carbonylation over HMOR catalyst was investigated for the synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) and acetic acid (HOAc). The results revealed that the selectivity of DME reached 98% and the methanol conversion was 45% under the reaction temperature of 493K. While, the selectivity of HOAc was 30% and the methanol conversion reached 80% when reaction temperature was increased to 573K. TEM, SEM, XRD, N2 physisorbtion, XPS and TG-DTG measurements were performed to characterize the texture and structure of the catalyst. Serious coking on the catalyst surface significantly limited the utilization of unmodified HMOR catalyst in the reaction.
2-chloromethyl-5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazole Synthesis and Properties of Compounds
Authors: Zhang Xiong Lu , Qin Qiu Yan , Qian Yi Ping , Xiao Hong
Published: July 2012

1,3,4-oxadiazole(OXD) and its derivatives have excellent thermal stability and oxidation resistance and strong blue fluorescence emission[1].Six novel compounds have been designed and and synthesized. And their structures were confirmed by 1HNMR,FT-IR MS, UV-vis absorption results showed that the maximum absorption wavelength appeared at 304 nm，and fluorescence spectroscopy results showed that they emit strong purple fluorescence in DMF solution.
Synthesis of Chiral Polysiloxane via Hydrosilylation between Synthesized Hydrogen-Containing Polysiloxane and a Chiral Unsaturated Amide
Authors: Zhang Xiao Ning , Yao Jin Shui , Sun Xi Jun
Published: July 2012

In this article, we synthesized some hydrogen-containing polysiloxanes by ring-openging polymerization of cyclosiloxanes and studied their viscosity-average molecular weights (η) and active hydrogen content respectively. Then we prepared a chiral amide compound by condensation reaction of acryloyl chloride and (1S)-1-phenylethanamine. Subsequently, we successfully carried out hydrosilylation reaction with the chiral amide and one of hydrogen-containing polysiloxane. In addition, the structures of the target molecules have been confirmed by IR and 1H NMR spectra, elemental analysis and polarimetric analysis.
Synthesis and Characterization of Small Crystals NaY Zeolite with High Silicon
Authors: Cui Qing Yan , Zhou Ya Song , Wei Qiang
Published: July 2012

Small crystals NaY zeolite with high silicon was successfully synthesized via a two-stage temperature crystallization program, without adding any organic additives. While the effect of low temperature crystallization time and the alkalinity on the crystal size and SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of NaY zeolite were investigated. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, N2 adsorption, 29Si MAS NMR and thermogravimetric TG measurements. NaY zeolite, with crystal size about 100 nm and SiO2/Al2O3 ratio about 5.3, is obtained. It possesses high surface area and some amount of mecropores, and the decomposition temperature is higher than 1000 °C. The crystal size and SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of as-synthesized NaY zeolite depend on low temperature crystallization time and the alkalinity.
Study on the Preparation Process of Salicylic Acid Liposome Gel
Authors: Zhang Yang , Zhao Jing Li , Zhou Hong Li
Published: July 2012

Objective To optimize the preparation technology of salicylic acid liposome gel. Method Salicylic acid liposome was prepared with reverse evaporating method, and liposome gel was prepared using carbomer-940 as matrix. The encapsulation efficiency and leaking percentage of salicylic acid liposome was determined with centrifugal method, and the preparation technology of liposome gel was optimized with orthogonal test. Results The encapsulation efficiency of salicylic acid liposome was 75.86％, leaking percentage was 1.37％. The optimal preparation technology of liposome gel were carbomer 3g, glycerol 15g, mixing temperature 40°C, mixing time 15min. Conclusion Reverse evaporating method was a good method to prepare salicylic acid liposome with higher encapsulation efficiency and better stability. The optimized preparation process of liposome gel was desirable, and the characteristics of product was stable and uniform.
Study on Novel Structure of Nitric Acid Phenanthroline Vanadium Monohydrate: [ V(C12H8N2) ·O2·(H2O)]·NO3·H2O
Authors: Liu Hai Xing , Xiao Jing Zhong , Xu Lan , Rodrigues Vitor Hugo Nunes , da Silva Manuela Ramos Marques , Tai Xi Shi
Published: July 2012

A new vanadium complex [ V(C12H8N2) ·O2·(H2O)]·NO3·H2O h as been synthesized from a simple reaction and the crystal structure has been determined by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Monoclinic, P2(1)/c. a = 9.5137(2) Å b = 19.3181(4) Å c = 7.51800(10) Å α=γ=90 β= 93.6830. V= 1378.85(4) Å3. Z=2. Rgt(F) = 0.0255, wRref(F2) = 0.0809. T= 273(2) K. The compound consisted of a [ V(C12H8N2) ·O2·(H2O)]+ cation, one NO3-anion and one water molecular. Molecule structure is stabilized by OHN , OHO intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
Synthesis and Studies of Spinel Li2Mn0.5Ti0.5O3
Authors: Jiang Jin He
Published: July 2012

Compound [Li2Mn0.5Ti0.5O3], a spinel-type metal compound, was prepared by a solid state reaction crystallization method. The Li+ extraction/insertion with this material were investigated by X-ray and Kd measurement. The chemical analysis showed that the Li+ extraction/insertion be progressed mainly by an ion-exchange mechanism. The acid treated samples had an ion exchange capacity of 7.7mmol/g for Li+.
Review and Analysis of Synthetic Method of Sulfonated Aliphatic Series Superplasticizer
Authors: Yan Han Dong , Wang Yu Fei , Quan Zhi Long
Published: July 2012

Synthetic mechanism of sulfonated aliphatic series superplasticizer was analyzed in this paper, and the synthetic method and performance was summarized. It is suggested that we should pay attention to the research of introduce acid groups to graft and improve aliphatic series condensation compound in future, increase microwave method and pyrogen free method to synthesize aliphatic series superplasticizer, and try to use acetophenone as the material. The effect of water reducing ratio of SAF sulfonated aliphatic series superplasticizer by changing the sequence of feeding material, the type of sulfonating agent and the pH value of solution were contrast in the test.
Optimization of the Preparation Technology of Resistant Starch of Cowpea Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Huang Wei Wen , Wang Wei , Li Ji Lie , Li Zhong Hai
Published: July 2012

Response surface methodology was used to optimize the preparation technology of resistant starch (RS) production by raw cowpea bean starch. In the first optimization step, single factor experiments designed was used to evaluate the influence of RS yield. The RS yield were influenced significantly by some factors of preparation RS, including the starch concentration, autoclaving time, pullulanase dosage and enzymolysis temperature. The others in the investigation scope had no significant influence on the RS production. In the last step, four main factors were further optimized using Box-Behnken designs and response surface analysis. The optimized conditions in the process of preparation RS were starch concentration as 29%, autoclaving time as 38min, pullulanase dosage as 4.0PUN/g, enzymolysis temperature as 60°C. In our optimal conditions, rather good RS yield was 23.52±0.15% and repeatability of the preparation process was good which was valuable in further production.
Microencapsulation of GuaLou Seed Oil by Spray Drying
Authors: Yu Jian , Li Xiang Hong , Liu Yong Le , Li Chi Ling
Published: July 2012

The objective of this work was to study the influence of some process conditions on the microencapsulation of Gualou seed oil by spray drying. The results showed that the best parameters of microencapsulation were as follows: the ratio of arabic gum to maltodextrin was 1:1, and that of core material to wall material was 2:3; and the total solids content was 25%. The optimum spray drying conditions were that the air temperature of inlet was 180 °C, and that of outlet was 80 °C; the homogenizing pressure was 35MPa. The maximum microencapsulation efficiency was 86±0.95%.
Optimization of Liquid Fermentation for Mycelial Growth and Extracellular Polysaccharide Production by Poria cosos
Authors: Niu Shuang , Hao Li Min , Zhao Shu Xin , Wang Fei Fei , Du Chun Hui
Published: July 2012

This paper is an attempt to study the growth line of poria cocos through flask culture experiment, and leads to a discussion of different fermentation conditions. The optimum media for mycelial growth were determined as (g/l): glucose 60, peptone 10, KNO310, KH2PO43, and MgSO41; while for exopolysaccharide was (g/l), glucose 40, peptone 5, KNO35, KH2PO40.5, MgSO41. The optimum initial pH value of medium was 5.5, inoculation, 10% (v/v) and different liquid volume had minimal influence on the mycelial growth and exopolysaccharide production.
Determination of Bioactive Ingredients in Five Pumpkin Seeds Cultivars
Authors: Qi Hui Juan , Yang Yu , Wang Li Bo , Xu Ya Qin , Qu Shu Ping
Published: July 2012

Pumpkin is a widely cultivated vegetable used for human consumption and traditional medicine this investigation will provide much more information for the further exploration of pumpkin seeds. In the present study, the contents of total phenolics, phytosterols, squalene, α-tocopherol, polysaccharides and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from the five types of pumpkin seeds cultivars were determined by established methods. The total phenolics contents of the pumpkin seeds ranged from 0.96 to 2.52 mg/g, total phytosterols contents ranged from 2.02 to 2.65 mg/g, while the levels of squalene and α-tocopherol detected ranged from 0.92 to 1.29 mg/g and 83.09 to 98.57µg/g, respectively. Polysaccharides were the most abundant constituents, ranging in concentration from 119.42 to 143.77 mg/g, GABA was also present in significant concentrations ranged from 3.71 to15.53 mg/g. Results indicated that bioactive ingredients from Baoku1 exhibited the relatively higher values in all the cultivars.
Preparation of Bone Glue Adhesives Using Epichlorohydrin Modification
Authors: Miao Zong Cheng , Wang Fang , Deng Deng , Zhang Yong Ming , Wang Lei , Li Zhong Jin
Published: July 2012

In order to solve the problem of that traditional bone glue adhesives were solid in room, a new technology of bone glue modifying was introduced. Epichlorohydrin was used as grafting agent, and then the modified bone glue was crosslinked with each other to obtain the novel bone glue adhesive. The effect factors such as the ratio of water and bone glue, the amount of sodium hydroxide, the time of reaction were studied to develop the modifying technics which was different to the traditional way.
Research on the Performance of Functional Alginate Fiber
Authors: Liu Yan Jun , Yang Li
Published: July 2012

Alginate fiber is a new type of green functional textile materials that can biodegradation, these years more and more people pay great attention to it for its excellent properties of antibacterial, moisture-absorption property etc. On the basis of experimental examination, the length wise appearance and cross section appearance , the tensile properties, the moisture-absorbency, property ,acid resistance and alkali resistance etc. of the alginate fiber are studied. The conclusions gained in this paper have important reference value to the development of alginate fiber product and its processing.
Ultrasonic Wave Assisted Preparation and Properties of SiO2 Aerogels by Fractional Modification
Authors: Yao Wei Ming , Zheng Wen Zhi , Pan He Chao , Chi Zhen Yue , Chen Hai Jian
Published: July 2012

In this study, hydrophobic SiO2 aerogel was prepared through fractional hydrophobic modification and ambient pressure drying of the raw material, tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) under ultrasonic wave and using trimethyl chlorosilane as modifier and acid catalyst in the process of sol-gel and acid-base catalysis. SiO2 aerogels were analyzed and compared using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis method, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction. The results indicate that by adopting the ultrasonic wave, the specific surface area of SiO2 aerogels was 801.71 m2/g. Pore distribution in micro-pore range was 0.5-1 nm. Pore distribution in meso-pore range was 2.0-20 nm. The hydrophobic SiO2 aerogels with the hydrophobic angle at 160° displayed super hydrophobicity.
Investigation on Microstructure and Phase Transformation of La Added Ti49.3Ni50.7 Shape Memory Alloy
Authors: Xu Jia Wen , Liu Ai Lian , Qian Bing Yu , Cai Wei
Published: July 2012

The effect of La addition on the microstructure and phase transformation behavior of Ti 49.3Ni50.7 alloy is investigated by optical microscope (OP), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The results show that the microstructure of Ti-Ni alloy is changed obviously with La addition, and the microstructure of Ti-Ni alloy containing La at room temperature is made up of the matrix and LaNi phase. La addition firstly increases the martensitic transformation temperatures evidently and the increase of Ms is about 62°C with 1at.% La. Secondly Adding La changes the type of phase transformation behavior of Ti-Ni alloys, and R phase transformation with Rs temperature about room temperature occurs in La added Ti-Ni alloy.
Manufacture and Application of PAE as Wet Strength Agent
Authors: Xing Qian Qian , Zhao Chuan Shan , Han Wen Jia
Published: July 2012

PAE as the wet strength agent has a long history; it not only has the wet strength performance and the retention and drainage characteristics. This paper focuses on the technological conditions of preparation of PAE wet-strength agent and the application conditions. The results showed that the well PPC was obtained under the following conditions: the mole ratio of adipic acid and diethylenetriamine were 1:1.05, the amount of catalyst (mole ratio of the total raw materials) was 1%, the temperature of heat preservation was 165°C and the reaction time was 4h. The optimum condition of preparing PAE was obtained as followings: the ratio of EPI to PPC of 1.2:1, the epoxidation temperature of 60°C and reaction time of 2h. While applied in softwood pulp, when the dosage of PAE was 1%, the wet strength agent provided the satisfactory effect.
Effect of Different Clay of Attapulgite and Montmorillonite on the Superabsorbent Based on XG-g-PAA
Authors: Miao Zong Cheng , Wang Fang , Deng Deng , Wang Lei , Li Zhong Jin
Published: July 2012

In order to research the better water absorption characteristic of superabsorbent polymer based on acrylic acid grafted with xanthan gum (XG), the different clay of montmorillonite (MMT) and attapulgite (AC) was used to mix with the material respectively. By introducing montmorillonite or attapulgite to the superabsorbent polymer, the maximum water absorbency was enhanced obviously. The two kinds of superabsorbent polymers of XG-g-PAA / MMT and XG-g-PAA / AC were synthesized by free-radical graft polymerization in aqueous solution using potassium persulfate as a free radical initiator and methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker, and then organic montmorillonite or organic attapulgite was introduced as filler into superabsorbent. The characterization of the polymer was confirmed by FTIR. Then the influence of attapulgite and montmorillonite to the superabsorbent were systematically optimized to achieve a superabsorbent with swelling capacity as high as possible.
Experimental Research on Characteristics of Long-Wave Infrared Material Pb1-xGexTe
Authors: Hu Chun Lai , Liu Wang Sheng , Sun Yan , Shi Guo Dong , Liu Xing Long
Published: July 2012

After detailed experimental research on characteristics of long-wave infrared material Pb1-xGexTe we find the effect on optical constants(n,K) at different substrate temperatures and ambient temperatures using Pb1-XGeXTe,which is that density of layer membrane becomes higher and affects on its transmission along with substrate temperature increasing as well as film refractive index and absorptivity. Pb1-XGeXTe film refractive index decreases with the wavelength increasing and its decreasing magnitude changes with ambient temperature.The experimental results show that the experimental research on characteristics of long-wave infrared material Pb1-XGeXTe makes theory and practice unified.The preparation process and coating process of Pb1-XGeXTe constantly improving promot the performance of airspace optical remote sensing instruments.
Elastic Shear Bucking Parameter Analysis of Corrugated Web Steel Beam under High Temperature
Authors: Liu Bing , Han Yu Lai , Wang Zhen Qing
Published: July 2012

Three kinds of shear buckling parameters of corrugated steel web beam under high temperature of fire in different time are analyzed and the high temperature effect on structural steel property is taken into account, the expressions of local buckling parameter, overall buckling parameter and interactive buckling parameter are proposed and their variation trends with the high temperature change are analyzed, a recommendation is proposed in order to provide more accurate predictions for the load-carrying capability status of corrugated steel web beam under high temperature, the buckling parameters variation should be unbiased estimated above all. Numerical results show that high temperature has obvious effect on the buckling parameter changes of the corrugated web steel beam.
Effects of Foaming Condition on the Performance of Bituminous Coal-Derived Carbon Foams
Authors: Xu Guo Zhong , Zhong Xiang Yun , Zhao Zhen Ning
Published: July 2012

carbon foams were prepared using a medium rank bituminous coal in this paper. The influence of foaming temperature, foaming pressure and time of releasing pressure on open porosity, bulk density and pore morphology of carbon foam were discussed, respectively. The bulk density and true density were tested. The texture of the carbon foams was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the pores diameter of carbon foam derived from coal is more uniform, which is in range of 100μm-200μm. Nevertheless, there are a spot of irregular large holes. Foaming temperature is key fact and the suitable foaming temperature must be near to the maximum fluidity temperature of coal. With the foaming pressure increasing, the open porosity reduces, the bulk density increases and the pores diameter gets smaller and more regular.
Study on the Crack Formation Mechanism of Micro-Alloyed Steel Slab during Hot Delivery Process
Authors: Zhu Zheng Hai , Qiu Sheng Tao
Published: July 2012

Based on experimental investigation of precipitates behavior, formation mechanism on hot delivery crack of microalloy steel was analyzed by binding microstructure evolution and thermal stress changing. The results show that different conveied way and different hot charging temperature are effect significantly on precipitates behavior in charging slab. The hot delivery crack of microalloy steel was formed by resultant force of precipitates behavior, microstructure evolution and thermal stress changing. The microstructure evolution that it is the formation of pro-eutectoid ferrite omentum on austenitic grain boundaries in Ar1~Ar3 is the leading role on formation of hot delivery crack. It is supply conditions for precipitated particles distributed along the austenitic grain boundaries and formation of hot delivery crack of microalloy steel.
The Development of Conductive Pastes for Solar Cells
Authors: Tsai Jung Ting , Huang Chun Yuan , Lin Shung Tian
Published: July 2012

Electrode pastes are used in solar cells for the formation of electrodes at both ends of the semiconductor substrate. The physical, chemical, and electrochemical properties of electrode pastes have important influences on the conversion efficiency and stability of the solar cells. Generally speaking, the constituents of electrode paste include organic binder, solvent, metallic conductive powders, glass frit, and some minor additives, all specially formulated to attain the properties of good electrical conductivity, wide sintering temperature, low warp, low pollution, and low cost.
Facile Preparation of Microporous Carbons with High Specific Capacitance from Coal Tar Pitch for Supercapacitors
Authors: Zhao Nan , He Xiao Jun , Ling Ping Hua , Li Ru Chin , Yu Mo Xin , Zhang Xiao Yong , Zheng Ming Dong
Published: July 2012

Microporous carbons (MCs) for supercapacitors were prepared from coal tar pitch (CTP) with potassium hydroxide (KOH) as activating agent at different KOH/CTP mass ratio by different heating modes. The results show that the specific surface area (SBET), micropore surface area (Smic), total pore volume (Vt) and micropore volume ((Vmic) of MCs made by microwave heating at 30 min heating time increases with the KOH/CTP mass ratio, respectively. At 14/7 of the KOH/CTP mass ratio, the SBET of MCs made by microwave heating at 30 min heating time reaches 1786 m2/g while that of MCs made by conventional heating at 180 min heating time is 1769 m2/g. The specific capacitance and energy density of the former reaches 269 F/g and 9.2 Wh/kg in 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte while that of the latter is up to 307 F/g and 10.5 Wh/kg, respectively. And yet, the former brings bigger MC yield and bigger retention of energy density. The effects of the pore size distribution and pore volume on the specific capacitance and energy density of MC samples with the similar SBET by different heating modes are addressed in this paper.
Effect of Deformation Ratios on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ZK60 Magnesium Alloy by Hydrostatic Extruded at Room Temperature
Authors: Wang Rong , Zhu Xiu Rong , Chen Gang , Nie Jing Jiang , Xu Yong Dong , Wang Jun , Yang Bo
Published: July 2012

The effect of different hydrostatic extrusion ratios on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the ZK60 magnesium alloys were investigated. The results showed that, the major deformation mechanism of the alloy is twinning at room temperature, which resulted in that the tensile strengthen and hardness of the extruded alloy improved greatly. With deformation ratio increasing, the ultimate tensile strengthen and hardness are linearly increased, with the functions of Y= 4.2X+358.3 and Y=2.3X +73.69, respectively. And the maximum tensile strength and hardness of the extruded alloy are 383 MPa and 87HB, respectively. But the elongation decreases obviously, the minimum decreasing degree is 50%. With the deformation ratio increasing, the tendency of elongation rate increased as an “M” model.
Microstructure and Properties of Absorbing Textile Iron Fiber
Authors: Wei Sai Nan , Li Rui Zhou , Chen Li , Yao Ji Ming
Published: July 2012

Application of absorbing material mostly concentrated in the range of hard materials, flexible absorbing fabric made of iron fiber has important research significance in order to meet the special military environment. Morphology, micro-elements element type and content of the iron fibers were tested. The absorbing properties and spinning performance of iron and fiber were discussed. The results show that cross-section of iron fiber made of copper production was jagged and multiple channels exist in longitudinal, which is benefit for spin ability. Its morphology and composition of the fiber have a catalytic effect in absorbing properties.
Ultrasonic Welding of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene
Authors: Zhang Jian Guang , Chawla Krishan.K. , Vaidya Uday.K.
Published: July 2012

Glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composites were joined by ultrasonic welding, employing various weld conditions. Single-lap shear testing was used to evaluate the effect of weld time and weld pressure on the weld performance. The weld strength increased with increasing weld time and weld pressure until a plateau or maximum strength was reached. The required weld time to obtain a complete weld became shorter when the weld pressure was increased. As lower weld pressure was applied, a complete weld could not be obtained unless relatively longer weld times were employed. A welding map, showing conditions of weld time and weld pressure to get a good weld, was obtained.
Thermal Coupled FEM Analysis of Precision Roll Forging Performing of Automobile Front Axle
Authors: Li Ru Xiong , Jiao Song Hua
Published: July 2012

According to the characters, technological condition and requirements of automotive front axle forging, both the process of exact roll-forging billet and die design are studied, as the result, roll- forging die of front axle billet, pre-completed roll-forging die and final roll-forging die are design respectively, finally the groove with hat cross-section is analyzed and top pressure rolling method is proposed during blank-making roll-forging process. The precision rolling forging performing deformation process of automobile front axle is simulated with finite element software Deform-3D by using 3D thermo-mechanical coupled rigid plastic FEM. The metal flow process, equivalent stress and strain field, temperature field and load status of rolling die are analyzed, and they are consistent with experiments. This provides a dependable theoretical basis for understanding the deforming mechanism and selecting reasonable parameters for the precision rolling forging performing of front axle.
Area of Modification within Transparent Materials by Femtosecond Laser
Authors: Hsieh Chih Hua , Tu Po Hsien , Jeng Jeng Ywan
Published: July 2012

This paper proposes an idea for manufacturing internal patterns using a femtosecond laser. The femtosecond laser can easily be focused within transparent materials because of the advantages of multi-photon absorption and high energy density. The parameters of a femtosecond laser can be adjusted to modify the local area inside the glass and to design internal structures. The internal structures can produce optical effects. Through this process, optical plates can be manufactured in glass without wasting excess space.
Study on the Microstructure and Texture of Warm Rolled ZK60 Magnesium Alloy Sheet
Authors: Chen Hong Mei , Yu Hua Shun , Min Guang Hui , Jin Yun Xue
Published: July 2012

The microstructure and macrotexture of ZK60 alloy sheet were investigated through OM and XRD, which were produced by twin roll casting and sequential warm rolling. Microstructure of twin roll cast ZK60 alloy changed from dendrite structure to fibrous structure with elongated grains and high density shear bands along the rolling direction after warm rolling process at different rolling parameters. The density of shear bands increased with the decreasing of the rolling temperature, or the increasing of per pass rolling reduction. Dynamic recrystallization could be found during the warm rolling process at and above 350oC, and many fine grains could be found in the shear band area. The warm rolled ZK60 alloy sheet exhibited strong (0001) basal pole texture. The formation of the shear bands tends to cause the basal pole tilt slightly to the transverse direction after warm rolling. The intensity of (0001) pole figure increased with the decreasing of rolling temperature, or the increasing of per pass rolling reduction.
Calculation of Die Matching in Arithmetic Decrease Method and Optimization for Cold-Drawing Aluminum Round Tube
Authors: Li Hang , Zhang Lian Hong
Published: July 2012

A calculation method for die matching of drawing round tube named arithmetic decrease method is introduced in this paper. The cold-drawing procedure of a specific aluminum round tube was investigated as a case study. FE simulation in DEFORM-2D was taken as a tool of check and optimization, which helps to improve the application of arithmetic decrease method.
Effect of C on Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Hot Rolled DP Steel
Authors: Zhou Le Yu , Zhang Dan , Liu Ya Zheng , Li Long Jiao
Published: July 2012

Two kinds of C-Si-Mn-Cr-Mo-Nb tested steels with different C content were disigned, and controlled rolling and controlled cooling experiment of tested steels have been carried out in lab to analyze the effect of C on microstructure and mechanical property of high strength hot rolled dual phase steel. It is shown that two kinds of tested steels obtained ferrite and martensite microstructure under controlled rolling and step cooling process. With the increase of C content from 0.032wt% to 0.064wt%, ferrite grain size refines from 9.8μm to 5.0μm, width of martensite colony reduces from 10μm to 5.8μm, and martensite volume fraction increases from 11% to 25%. Yielding strength of high C tested steel is higher than that of low C steel by 55MPa, and amplification of tensile strength is about 155MPa. Elongation ratio decreases about 6.4%. Increasing of yielding strength is determined by strengthening of ferrite grain refining. The amplification of tensile strength is effect by volume fraction and refining of strengthening phase.
Corrosion Behavior of Q235A Steel under Wet-Dry Cyclic Condition
Authors: Liu Jian Guo , Li Yan Tao , Hou Bao Rong
Published: July 2012

The corrosion processes and mechanisms of Q235A steel under wet-dry cyclic condition were studied using polarization curve compared with immersion samples, while, the corrosion morphologies and corrosion products of the steel samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The cathodic process of wet-dry samples was likely to be controlled not by the oxygen reduction, but rather by the reduction of corrosion products. During the drying process of the wet-dry sample, the electrolyte thickness decreased and chloride concentration increased. Oxygen would be much easier to diffuse into the interface of electrolyte/metal, which improved the cathodic reduction processes. Except for this, the rust itself took part in the reduction processes and hence increased the corrosion rate of the steel samples.
Effect of Gravity on Resin Flow Behavior by VARI Process
Authors: Zhao Chen Hui , Zhang Guang Cheng
Published: July 2012

The resin flow behavior in vacuum assisted resin infusion molding process (VARI) of foam sandwich materials was studied through visualization flow experiments. The experimental results show: Gravity of resin makes the mold filling time increase when θ changes from 0° to 90°, and mold filling time lengthens with the increase of θ; gravity shortens the filling time when θ changes from 0° to -90°, and mold filling time decreases with the increase of the absolute value of θ.
Relaxation Behaviors of Polystyrene during Physical Aging
Authors: Liu Yao , Qiao Cong De , Yao Jin Shui , Yang Wen Ke
Published: July 2012

The relaxation behaviors of PS below Tg and its variation trend along with aging time were studied by DSC, fluorescence spectrum and XRD. On the basis of DSC results, the kinetics of the volume and enthalpy relaxation process were analyzed, and the influence of the aging time on the relaxation behaviors were discussed. The results of fluorescence spectrum and XRD indicated the presence of the rearrangement of polymer chains in the physical aging of polystyrene.
Preparation and Characterization of Ni-Modified Fe-Mo and Catalytic Selective Oxidation of p-Xylene
Authors: Qin Zu Zeng , Liu Zi Li , Liu Yan Bin , Liu Rui Wen
Published: July 2012

The preparation of the Fe-Mo-Ni catalyst using the sol-gel method was investigated. In addition, the catalytic selective oxidations of p-xylene (PX) to terephthalaldehyde (TPAL) on the Fe-Mo-Ni catalyst were also investigated. The catalysts were characterized using thermal analysis, H2-temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS). The additional of Ni improves the catalytic activity of the Fe-Mo catalyst on selective oxidations of PX to TPAL. The optimal additive amount of Ni is 5%. XPS analysis shows that the introduction of Ni changes the internal structure of the Fe-Mo catalyst improves catalytic performance.
Preparation and Catalytic Performance of Fe-Cr-Si-Pillared Montmorillonite as Coal Liquefaction Catalyst
Authors: Cong Xing Shun , Li Min
Published: July 2012

A set of pillared montmorillonite (PILM) catalysts were prepared by exchanging Na+ with iron pillars, chromium pillars, complexes pillars of iron and chromium with different proportion, as well as complexes pillar of silica sol and iron and chromium, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) were used to characterize the catalysts. The XRD results reveal that Fe-Cr complexes pillared montmorillonites (Fe/Cr-PILM) have the basal spacing of about 2.04 nm after calcination at 300 °C for 2 h, while sole metal PILM have that of about 1.0 nm; in particular, the basal spacing of silica sol complexes pillared montmorillonite (Fe-Cr-Si-PILM) are expanded up to 4.33 nm. The TG-DTA results show that both Fe-Cr-PILM and Fe-Cr-Si-PILM have high thermal stability up to 640 °C. Catalytic activity of Fe/Cr-Si-PILM in Longkou lignite (LL) and ShengLi coal residue (SCR) liquefaction was studied, which showed that PILM had a good catalytic performance in coal conversion field.
Preparation and Electrocatalytic Properties of Polyoxometalate-Based Multilayer Films Electrode
Authors: Wang Li , Qian Yong Qiang , Zheng A Ping , Chen Fa He
Published: July 2012

The modified electrode of multilayer films of polyoxometalate α-Na2[SiW9V3(H2O)3O37]•16H2O(SiW9V3) and polyelectrolyte by layer-by-layer assembly were preparation and investigated. The stable multilayer films were assembled by alternate adsorption of negitively charged POM and positively charged polyelectrolytes is from their aqueous dispersions. UV-vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry were used to monitor the regular growth of the multilayer films. The multilayer films modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was used for the detection of electrocatalytic activity toward the reduction of nitrite, bromate and hydrogen peroxide. The proposed novel immobilized method exhibited good stability, reproducibility and high sensitivity for the determination of electrocatalytic, which is important for practical application.
Effect of Low Temperature Plasma Treatment on Surface Properties of Polyphenylene Sulfide Fiber
Authors: Yang Jian Zhong , Zhao Meng
Published: July 2012

The performance of the polyphenylene sulfide fiber (PPS) was investigated by low temperature glow discharge plasma . The experimental results show that under the treatment of different plasma conditions, the PPS fiber surfaces appear the varying degree physics and chemical etching. It’s found that the friction coefficient and hydrophilicity of PPS fiber treated by low temperature plasma improve . X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis shows that the surface of PPS fiber produced etching, cross-linking, oxidation. Variations of tensile breaking strength of PPS with different parameters are analyzed.
The Influences of the Plating’s Hardness, Abrasion and Antifriction Property Caused by the Adding of Nano- Al2O3 and PTFE
Authors: Xu Xiao Feng , Yao Wen Bin , Xu Jiu Hua , Zhang Wei , Yang Lin , Deng Shi Wei
Published: July 2012

Composite plating Ni-P-PTFE- nano- Al2O3was made by adding nano-scaled Al2O3and PTFE into chemical plating Ni-P alloy plating solution. The influences of the plating material’s hardness, abrasion and antifriction property caused by the additive amount of nano- Al2O3and PTFE were studied in the paper. The results indicate that the composite plating’s hardness, wear resistance and antifriction can be greatly improved by adding nano- Al2O3and PTFE into it.
Effect of Y on Cyclic Oxidation Behavior of FeCrNi Heat-Resisting Steel
Authors: Liu Xiao , Wang Long Mei
Published: July 2012

The oxidation resistance of FeCrNi heat-resisting steel at 1150°C and 1200°C is analyzed and studied using XRD, SEM and EDS techniques. The results show that the oxidation resistance of the heat-resisting steel is improved remarkably after adding yttrium. The value of oxidation rate of experimental Sample 1 (without adding Y) is 3.25 times and 1.56 times higher than Sample 2, respectively at 1150°C and 1200°C after oxidizeing for totally 144h. On the surface of the heat-resisting steel containing Y, the dense and adherent Cr2O3 scale and FeCr2O4 scale are formed and played the protection role. In the internal oxidation layer, the pinning effect of silicon dioxide is strengthened by Y, and Y has a pining effect directly.
Fabrication and Performance Characterization of Al/Ti Multilayer Energetic Films
Authors: Yang Cheng , Hu Yan , Shen Rui Qi , Ye Ying Hua , Wang Shou Xu , Li Chuang Xin
Published: July 2012

Al/Ti multilayer films with bilayer thicknesses of 50nm, 100nm and 200nm were prepared by RF magnetron sputtering alternate Al and Ti layers. The relative thickness of Al and Ti layers was maintained at a 1:1 ratio in order to obtain a 1:1 atomic ratio. XRD measurements show that the compound of AlTi is the final product of the exothermic reactions. DSC curves show that the values of heat release in Al/Ti multilayer films with bilayer thicknesses of 50nm, 100nm and 200nm are 457.99 J∙g-1, 493.42 J∙g-1 and 696.81 J∙g-1, respectively. The exothermic reaction in Al/Ti multilayer films lead to more intense electric explosion. Al/Ti multilayer bridge films with modulation period of 50nm explode more rapidly and intensely than other bridge films because decreasing the bilayer thickness results in an increased reaction velocity.
Nanocoating of Polyaniline Layer on the Surface of Graphene Sheets for Ammonia Gas Detection
Authors: Cai Ya Meng , Qin Zong Yi , Zhou Zhe
Published: July 2012

Polyaniline thin layers were successfully coated on the surface of graphene sheets through in situ chemical oxidative polymerization. By integrating into a resistive sensor design, the sensing properties of the nanocomposites were evaluated. It is found that the nanocomposite sensors exhibited high sensitivity with fast response and recovery time, and good reproducibility charactics for ammonia gas at room temperature even exposed to low concentration of 10 ppm, implying that the nanocomposite could be a promising candidate as a gas sensor for ammonia gas.
Effect of Lanthanum Doping on Corrosion Protection Properties of TiO2 Coatings
Authors: Li Su Ning , Fu Jia Jun
Published: July 2012

A series of lanthanum ion-doped titanium dioxide coatings have been prepared on the surface of 304 stainless steel by using sol-gel and dip-coating technology. The corrosion protection properties of the coatings were investigated by electrochemical measurements. It is found that the photogenerated cathodic protection property of the TiO2 coating is enhanced under illumination by doping with an appropriate amount of lanthanum ions. The results also indicate that the presence of lanthanum ions improves the corrosion protection property of the TiO2 coating without the photo effect attributed to the self-healing properties of lanthanum ions.
Effect of Diethylamine Addition on the Sealing Process of 6063 Al Alloy
Authors: Yu Hui Cheng , Huang Xiao Xiao , Wei Yi Chun , Wei Dong Ping
Published: July 2012

To improve the corrosion resistance of Al alloy, diethylamine (DEA) was added into the sealing solutions. The electrochemical behavior of sealing coatings formed in different concentrations of diethylamine (DEA) was investigated by means of polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Compared with the coatings with D. I. water and the bare aluminum alloy, the polarization curves show that the sealing coatings formed in 3.0 – 5.0 ml.L-1 diethylamine (DEA) solutions have more positive corrosion potential (Ecorr) and pitting corrosion potential (Epit), and lower corrosion current density (icorr). Electrochemical parameters of EIS indicate that the sealing coatings have higher corrosion resistance. The electrochemical tests present that the prepared sealing coatings have better corrosion resistance.
Development of Dielectric Elastomer Actuators - Part II: Preparation of the High Dielectric Constant Film Actuators Containing BaTiO3 Particles
Authors: Fukuda Takeshi , Luo Zhi Wei , Ito Aya
Published: July 2012

Dielectric elastomer actuators with high dielectric constant and flexibility were prepared. These actuators were fabricated by the composite of barium titanate (BaTiO3) and polyester-type thermosetting polyurethane (TSU), which was molecularly-designed to become less hard segment content. In this study, the effects of particle size, volume fraction and manufacturing method of BaTiO3 were investigated. In addition, the mechanically-stretched effect in composites was also evaluated. It turned out that the electrical breakdown strength increased with the increase of particle size of BaTiO3 and in volume fraction as well as the use of BaTiO3 synthesized by the oxalate method. In addition, prestrain of composites also raised the electrical breakdown strength. However, the addition of BaTiO3 to polyurethane didn’t contribute to the actuation under a lower electric field.
Fiber Formation of the Biocompatible Polymer Nanofiber Membrane by Electrospinning
Authors: Lou Ching Wen , Huang Chien Lin , Hu Jin Jia , Lu Chao Tsang , Wu Zong Han , Lin Jia Horng
Published: July 2012

Electrospinning has been attributed to be one of the most effective method to prepare nano-fibers, and widely applied in assorted fields. The nanofiber membranes made by electrospinning feature high porosity and surface area, and are qualified for vascular grafts, biological scaffolds, and wound dressings. Chitosan is non-toxic and biodegradable, making it a good biocompatible material; in addition, it is also proved to be anti-bacterial and help cell growth in wounds. This research produced nanofiber membrane with polyethylene oxide (PEO) by electrospinning; the influence of the three parameters —mixture ratio of solution, electric field, and distance between the capillary tip and the collecting plate, on electrospinning was then explored. According to the results of the experiment, electrospinning formed the optimum nanofibers when the volume mixing ratio of PEO/chitosan was 60:40.