bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
واقع الأداء الإداري على وفق معيار هالينجر وعلاقته بالتميز الإداري لدى مديري المدارس الثانوية
Authors: كامل أ.م.د. جنان حاتم
Published: March 2021

إنطلاقاً من الدور الريادي الذي يؤديه مدير المدرسة, الذي يتطلب مجموعة من المميزات والخصائص والسمات التي تؤهلة للقيام بدوره, ولكون تقييم واقع الأداء الإداري لمدير المدرسة يُعَد أحد الأساليب التقييمية الإدارية لتحسين واقع العمل الإداري, ولأنَّ هذا التقييم يستهدف التأكد من مدى كفاءة المدير في تأدية عمله بشكل فاعل, فينبغي أن تكون هذه العمليـة شاملة ومستمرة لتكشف عن مواطن القوة ، فتعزز، ومـواطن الـضعف، فـتعالج , وهذا مايساعد في تقديم معلومات شاملة تُفيد في إتخاذ إجراءات لحل بعض المشكلات الإدارية, فضلاً عن أنَّ الصعوبات والتحديات التي تواجهها المدرسة في وقتنا الحالي قد هيأت فرصاً  وتحديات في الوقت نفسه, والسبيل لتحقيق النجاح في التكيف ومواجهة هذه التحديات بصيغ علمية هو أن تكون إدارة المدرسة قوية وقادرة على استثمار الفرص, وأن تمتلك الحنكة في التصرف السليم, والقدرة على إعداد استراتيجيات وخطط مناسبة للظروف التي تمر بها المدرسة, وهذا ما يسوغ ضرورة التميز في الأداء الإداري, لذلك فإن البحث الحالي  يهدف إلى تعرف درجة واقع الأداء الإداري وفقاً لمعيار هالينجر, والتميز الإداري والعلاقة بينهما لدى مديري المدارس الثانوية من وجهة نظر معاونيهم, وتعرف دلالة الفرق بين وجهات نظر المعاونين تبعاً للنوع الاجتماعي (ذكور – إناث), والتخصص الدراسي (علمي– انساني). ولتحقيق هدفي البحث, فقد تبنت الباحثة مقياس الأداء الإداري وفقاً لمعيار هالينجر, وإعدت مقياس التميز الإداري, وتحققت من الخصائص القياسية لكل منهما من صدق وثبات, وطبقت على عينة من معاوني مديري المدارس الثانوية في المديرية العامة لتربية بغداد الكرخ/ الثانية, بلغت (60) معاوناً ومعاونة, مناصفةً بين الذكور والإناث, منهم (29) من التخصص العلمي, و (31) من التخصص الإنساني. وبعد التحليل الإحصائي للبيانات المستحصلة من العينة, باستخدام الحقيبة الاحصائية(SPSS), أظهرت النتائج أن هناك (8) أبعاد متحققة من مجموع (11) بُعداً من أبعاد مقياس الأداء الإداري وفقا لمعيار هالينجر, وة بين عناصر الأداء الإداري والتميز الإداري كانت ضعيفة , ما عدا في عنصرين, هما (متابعة تحصيل الطلبة, والمتابعة المستمرة لشؤون المدرسة), فقد كانت العلاقة بينهما وبين التميز الإداري دالة إحصائياً.
فیمینزم له‌ شیعره‌كانی هێمندا
Authors: كريم أ.م.د. فرهاد قادر
Published: March 2021

هێمن موكریانی (1921-1986) شاعیری نوێخوازی كورد، بایه‌خێكی ته‌واوى به‌ ژن و كێشه‌و گرفته‌كانی  داوه‌ و باوه‌ڕی به‌ مافی یه‌كسانی ژن و پیاو هه‌بووه‌و هانی ژنانی داو بۆ تێكۆشان له‌ پێناو فه‌راهه‌مكردنى ژیانێكى به‌خته‌وه‌ر به‌ئامانجی پێكه‌وه‌نانى كۆمه‌ڵگایه‌كى دروست و پێشكه‌وتوو، بۆ ئه‌وه‌ى به‌شێوه‌یه‌كى زانستییانه‌ له‌و دیارده‌یه‌ بدوێین، به‌پێویستمان زانى ئه‌م توێژینه‌وه‌ له‌ژێر ناوى (فیمینزم له‌ شیعره‌كانى هێمندا) ئه‌نجام بده‌ین، كه‌ دابه‌ش ئه‌بێته‌ سه‌ر دوو به‌شدا ، له‌ به‌شی یه‌كه‌م كه‌ به‌ناونیشانی (چه‌مكی فیمینزم و پێگه‌ى ژنی كورد)ه‌ ، سه‌ره‌تا چه‌مكى فیمینزمان روونكردووه‌ته‌وه‌، پاشان به‌كورتى له‌باره‌ى پێگه‌ى ژنى كورد له‌ سه‌ده‌ی بیسته‌م دواوین، له‌به‌شی دووه‌م كه‌ به‌ناونیشانى(فیمینزم له‌ شیعره‌كانى هێمندا)یه‌، تیشكمان خستووه‌ته‌ سه‌ر تێڕوانینى هێمن له‌سه‌ر(سێ) پرسی سه‌ره‌كى په‌یوه‌ست به‌ ژنانى كورد، ئه‌وانیش (چارشێو و ئازادی ژن ، خوێندن ، خه‌بات)ن ، كه‌ هه‌ریه‌ك له‌مانه‌ كه‌ره‌سته‌ى بنه‌ڕه‌تى بزوتنه‌وه‌ى فیمینزمین و بایه‌خی ته‌واویان پێداوه‌، له‌به‌ر رۆشنایی ده‌قه‌ شیعرییه‌كانی هێمندا هه‌وڵمانداوه‌ به‌ وردى بۆچوون و دیدگاى شاعیر له‌باره‌یانه‌وه‌ ده‌ستنیشان بكه‌ین و له‌كۆتاییشدا ئه‌و ئه‌نجامانه‌مان خستووه‌ته‌ڕوو، كه‌ پێیان گه‌یشتووین.
وێنەى ژن لە پەندى پێشینانى کوردیدا
Authors: علي م.م.صدیق اورحمان , عبدالله م.ی. ثریا احمد
Published: March 2021

پەندى پێشینانى کوردى بەشێکى گرنگ و گەورەى فۆلکلۆرى کوردییە، سەرچاوەیەکى دەوڵەمەندە بۆ لێکۆڵینەوە و شەن و کەو کردنى ژیان و دید و تێڕوانینى کۆمەڵى کوردەوارى بۆ پرس و وێستگە جیاجیاکانى ژیان.

وێنەى ژن لە پەندى کوردیدا، وەك تەواوی تێڕوانینەكانی گەلانی تری دەوروبەر بۆ ژن لە ڕابردوودا، وێنەیەکى دڵخۆشکەر نییە بەو پێیەى کەمتر وەک مرۆڤێکى خاوەن جێگە و پێگەى ناو کۆمەڵى کوردەوارى لێی ڕوانراوە، بەڵکو زیاتر کەسایەتى ژن وەک مرۆڤێکى بێ دەسەڵات، ڕاڕا، ساویلکە و بێ وەفا یان وە کاڵایەک سەیرکراوە، دوالیزمەى خۆشبەختى و ناڕەحەتى، شەڕ و ئاشتى لەکەسایەتى ژندا بەرجەستە کراوە و پیاو لەتەواوى شکستەکان کراوەتە دەرەوە.
الاساءة النفسية على وفق اسكات الذات لدى المرشدات التربويات
Authors: حمد حمود أ. م د. نادرة جميل
Published: March 2021

يهدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على:

مستوى الاساءة النفسية لدى المرشدات التربويات .

دلالة الفروق في الاساءة النفسية لدى المرشدات التربويات على وفق متغيري مدة الزواج

      ( 1-9 سنوات , 10 سنوات  فأكثر ) والمستوى التعليمي للزوج (ثانوي , دبلوم فأعلى ).

مستوى اسكات الذات لدى المرشدات التربويات .

دلالة الفروق في اسكات الذات لدى المرشدات التربويات على وفق متغيري مدة الزواج ( 1-9 سنوات , 10 سنوات فأكثر ) والمستوى التعليمي للزوج (ثانوي , دبلوم فأعلى ) .

الاساءة النفسية على وفق اسكات الذات لدى المرشدات التربويات .

     ولتحقيق أهداف البحث الحالي قامت الباحثة ببناء مقياس لقياس الاساءة النفسية لدى المرشدات التربويات , واعداد مقياس لإسكات الذات بعد ترجمته من اللغة الاجنبية الى اللغة العربية واستخرجت الخصائص السايكومترية لكلا المقياسين , بعدها طبقت الباحثة المقياسين على عينة من المرشدات التربويات محافظة بغداد بلغت (320) مرشدة تربوية ، وبعد تحليل البيانات اظهرت النتائج ما يأتي : 

توجد اساءة نفسية لدى المرشدات التربويات .

توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية في الاساءة النفسية بالنسبة لمتغيري المستوى التعليمي (ثانوي, دبلوم فأكثر) لصالح المستوى التعليمي (ثانوي), ومدة الزواج (1- 9 سنوات , 10 سنوات فأكثر) لصالح مدة الزواج 10 سنوات فأكثر.

يوجد اسكات الذات لدى المرشدات التربويات .

توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية في اسكات الذات بالنسبة لمتغيري المستوى التعليمي ( ثانوي , دبلوم فأكثر)  لصالح المستوى التعليمي (ثانوي), ومدة الزواج ( 1- 9 سنوات , 10 سنوات فأكثر ) لصالح مدة الزواج ( 10 سنوات فأكثر

5.توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية في الاساءة النفسية على وفق اسكات الذات .

وفي ضوء نتائج البحث الحالي وضعت الباحثة مجموعة من التوصيات والمقترحات
الحرمان العاطفي وعلاقته بالفشل المعرفي لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة.
Authors: جابر البعاج م. د. رؤى مهدي
Published: March 2021

أهداف البحث الحالي  :

1 - التعرف على الحرمان العاطفي لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة .

2- التعرف على مستوى الفشل المعرفي لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة .

3-التعرف على العلاقة الارتباطية بين الحرمان العاطفي والفشل المعرفي لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة  .

   وقد تحدد البحث الحالي طلبة الصف الثاني متوسط وللجنسين كليهما في المدارس المتوسطة (البنين والبنات) للمديريات العامة في محافظة بغداد للعام الدراسي  2018-2019                 

الإطار النظري: استعرض البحث الحالي النظريات ذات العلاقة بمتغيرات البحث  

إجراءات البحث:

 1 -  قامت الباحثة بتبني مقياس الحرمان العاطفي للباحث( السعدي 2016)  تبنت مقياس الفشل المعرفي للباحث (الكعبي 2013) بعد أن تأكدت الباحثة من صدقهما وثباتهما وأسلوب الإجابة على فقراتهما

 2- طبق المقياسين أعلاه على عينة من طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة بلغت(160) طالبا وطالبة خلال المدة من  20- 26/ 11/ 2018  وقد استخدم الباحث الحقيبة الإحصائية في تحليل النتائج 0

 وتوصلت الى النتائج الاتية :  

1- أظهرت النتائج إن طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة لا يعانون من الحرمان العاطفي.    

 2- أظهرت نتائج البحث ان طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة لا يعانون من الفشل المعرفي.

3 -  دلت نتائج البحث أن هناك علاقة ارتباطية إيجابية دالة لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة بين الحرمان العاطفي والفشل المعرفي.

وقد قدمت الباحثة بعض التوصيات والمقترحات.
Ecocritical Consciousness in Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale
Authors: Mohammad Asst. Instructor Birzo Abdulkadir , Sharif Asst. Prof. Dr. Azad Hamad
Published: March 2021

The present study focuses on the eco critical elements in The Winter’s Tale (1610-1611) by William Shakespeare (1564 –1616), which is an outstanding example of the literary writing communicating ecological consciousness. Having examined William Shakespeare’s contribution to understanding nature it can be stated that nature is one of the key concepts of the author. He was highly aware of the nature and humans connection, importance of nature as both utilitarian and spiritual object. That is why Shakespeare’s concept of nature is colored with mainly positive tones. The most typical words for natural world are “fine” and “beauty”. In contrast to these words one can see the ugliness of the humans’ world – “foul”, that causes climate change, population growth, deforestation, biologically degrading cultivation practices. His creative approach to early modern ecologies licenses critical practices that extend the limits of his period's geophysical knowledge, and that suggests productive analogies with our ecological challenges. Recent ecocritics have been seizing such opportunities to help people rethink environmentally destructive economic and social paradigms
Dramatizing Modern American and Arabic Poetry A Study in Selected Poems by Kenneth Koch and Yousif Al-Sayegh
Authors: Al-Zubbaidi Asst. Prof.Dr Haitham K. Eidan
Published: March 2021

The interrelatedness of drama and poetry introduces one of the most exceptionally robust examples of trans-genre literature. It is further characterized by a deep-rooted tradition that dates back to ancient Greek and Roman drama, as well as a sense of circumstantial and ad hoc necessity-driven, age-oriented adaptability. The present paper assumes that this well-established sensitive relation of poetry and drama rests upon some circumstantial time-specific cultural forces or motivators that impact the ebb and flow, the expansion-contraction movements which are directly related to the temporal necessities and requirements of the textual and contextual poetic discourse. To this end, and to verify the accuracy of these assumptions, the paper limits itself to some representative examples from the oeuvres of two representative poets of the dramatic poetic tradition in modern American and Arabic poetry, namely Kenneth Koch (1925-2002) and Yousif al-Sayegh (1933-2006).
الدور الوسيط المحتمل للتنظيم الذاتي في العلاقة بين اليقظة العقلية و الاداء الوظيفي والرضا الوظيفي لدى معلمي المرحة الابتدائية
Authors: فتح الله أ.م.د محمد محمد
Published: March 2021

هدف البحث الى استكشاف ما إذا كانت هناك علاقة ارتباطية بين اليقظة العقلية والأداء الوظيفي (أي ، أداء المهام ، وسلوك المواطنة التنظيمية ، وسلوك العمل المضاد للإنتاج) والرضا الوظيفي. من المتوقع ظهور التنظيم الذاتي كميكانيزم وسيط تؤثر من خلاله اليقظة العقلية على متغيرات الأداء. اجرى البحث على عينة قوامها 213 معلما و معلمة ، أعمارهم 32 الى 59 عاما ( متوسط= 45.30 عاما ، انحراف معياري = 9.31 ). استعمل مقياس اليقظة العقلية سمة مقياس التنظيم الذاتي ، مقياس  الأداء الوظيفي. اشارت النتائج الى ظهور التنظيم الذاتي كميكانيزم تمارس من خلاله اليقظة العقلية تأثيرها في أداء المهمة التقرير الذاتي ، وسلوك المواطنة التنظيمية ، ولكن ليس على سلوك العمل المضاد للإنتاج. كشفت التحليلات الاستكشافية عن أن اليقظة العقلية تتألف من ثلاثة مكونات ، وهى الوعي ، وعدم التفاعل ، وعدم الحكم . عندما دمجت نتائج اختبار نموذج كامل جميعها ، ظهر الرضا الوظيفي كميكانيزم وسيط ثاني في العلاقات بين نتائج الأداء و اليقظة العقلية .
بناء أنموذج لمعايير البنى التحتية في المؤسسات التربوية العراقية
Authors: عطية أ.م.د رعد خلف
Published: March 2021

يهدف البحث الى تعرف مدى توافر معايير البنى التحتية في المؤسسات التربوية العراقية أولا, وبناء أنموذج لمعايير البنى التحتية في مؤسساتنا التربوية ثانيا. وتألف مجتمع البحث من مديري الاقسام الادارية والفنية والعلمية في ديوان وزارة التربية والبالغ عددهم (45) فردا. فيما بلغ عدد افراد العينة التي سحبت بالطريقة العشوائية (40) فردا. اعتمد الباحث معامل ارتباط بيرسون, معادلة الفاكرونباخ, الاختبار التائي, الانحراف المعياري, ودرجة المطابقة لمعرفة مدى توافر معايير البنى التحتية في المؤسسات التربوية العراقية وقد اظهرت النتائج اتساع الفجوة في معايير المرافق والتجهيزات ومحدودية ورصانة المعلومات ومتطلبات البحث العلمي والتخطيط المالي وتخطيط وتوظيف الموارد البشرية وتدريبهم. وخلص البحث الى العديد من التوصيات اهمها  ضرورة تخطيط وتصميم وتنفيذ معايير البنى التحتية وفق افضل المعايير العالمية واعتماد استراتيجيات متقدمة لصيانتها وتحسينها وتطويرها وبما يلبي حاجات المستفيدين منها وتخصيص الموارد المالية المطلوبة لذلك.
قلق الانتماء في الخطاب الشعري لمحمد الفيتوري
Authors: بشير علي أ.م.د.يسن إبراهيم
Published: March 2021

يُعنى هذا البحث بدراسة قلق الانتماء لدى الشاعر محمد مفتاح الفيتوري وأثره في شعره، هذا القلق الذي ظهر عنده مبكّراً ولازمه في حياته، وأثّر في سيْرورة إبداعه، وإثراء تجربته في مراحلها وأطوارها المختلفة. وبعبارة أخرى فإنّ هذا البحث يحاول الإجابة عن السؤال حول دور الظروف غير الطبيعية من تنقّلٍ وتغرُّبٍ وتوزّع في الهويّة، في تشكيل رؤية الفيتوري الإبداعية، وما مدى هذا الدور في ثراء تجربته، وتنوُّعها. وقد جاء البحث في مقدّمةٍ ومبحثيْن، عالجت مفهوم الانتماء، والظروف التي أثارته لدى الشاعر حتى غدا قلقاً تجلّى في إبداعه الشعري، وأسهم في إبراز وكشف الأصوات المتعددة في خطابه الشعري.
الشّخصيات التاريخية الفاعلة في رواية سمرقند "لأمين معلوف
Authors: عبود د. أوريدة
Published: March 2021

تروم هذه الدراسة إبراز كيفية استثمار رواية "سمرقند" للتاريخ بوصفه أداة جمالية تقدم معرفة مثقلة بروح التساؤل،عن وجود الإنسان وعن تاريخه،عن هوية الأنا وحوارها مع الآخر، وصراع الإيديولوجيات،خاصة أن هذه الرواية تحدث متفاعلات نصية تاريخية، تقدم الوقائع المترامية عبر الأزمنة القديمة في شكل مكون نصي تخييلي قابل للقراءة والتأويل ،حيث يسافر أمين معلوف من الحاضر إلى الماضي من أجل أن يفهم الحاضر وأن يحمل بعض قضايا العصر ليعلق عليها ويجيب عن ما بقي غامضا مدة من الزمن. ذلك أن حضــور التــاريخ فــي صــميم الــنص الروائــي، وعده مرجعيــة جماليــة تمــنح النصوص الإبداعية تسييرا بنيويا جديدا، ينبع من تقدير المادة التاريخيـة فـي حـد ذاتهـا والقـدرة علـى الإحسـاس بهـا، وتثمـين هـذا الإحسـاس الـذي يعـد مزيـة مـن المزايـا الإنسـانية.كما يروم بحثنا كذلك بيان كيف تمظهرت الصّراعات الدّينية في بلاد فارس خلال القرن الحادي عشرا انطلاقا من مختلف الشخصيات البارزة التي أدت دورًا أساسيًا ومهمًا في توضيح المجال الدّيني والأوضاع التي كانت سائدة في هذه الحقبة.
الـتفـاعــل الـنصـي دراسة في تجليات التناص رواية طشاري لإنعام كجه جي أنموذجًا
Authors: فخري قدوري م.د. ولاء
Published: March 2021

تنفتح النصوص وتتفاعل مع بعضها البعض منذُ القدم ، وكل نص هو فضاء مفتوح قابل للاندماج والتفاعل مع غيره من النصوص ، فالتناص يمثل الحضور المشترك بين نصين أو أكثر ، بموجب الثقافة الواسعة والتفاعل النصي ، الذي يتمظهر في إقامة النص لعلاقات مع نصوص أخرى ، وهذهِ العلاقات تُتيح للنص السابق الظهور فيصبح للنص ذات مستقلة .     لقد اعتمد البحث المنهج الوصفيّ التحليلي ، إذ رصد التفاعل النصي في رواية (طشاري) عبر ثلاثة محاور تسبقها توطئة ، وتعقبها خاتمة تضمنت اهم النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة ، ثمَّ أوردت مصادر البحث ومراجعه ، تناول الأول : التناص الديني ، يمثلهُ التناص مع (القرآن الكريم والإنجيل) ، وأمّا الثاني : التناص الأدبي ، يمثلهُ التناص مع (شعراء العصر الحديث ، الرواية ، الأمثال الشعبية ، الأغاني) ، وأمّا الثالث : التناص التاريخي ، يمثلهُ التناص مع (الحكاية الخرافية ، الأسطورة)
Translating Reduplication in Some Selected Verses of the Glorious Qur’an into English
Authors: M. Al Tameem P.H.D.Ibtihal
Published: March 2021

Reduplication can be defined as a morphological process where the root or stem of a word (or part of it) is repeated exactly or with a slight change. It can be found in many world languages with various types and uses. This paper investigates reduplication in terms of phonology, morphology, and semantics in some selected verses of the Glorious Qur’an concerning its kinds and its translation into English. The main problem of the present research is concerned with the way of translating reduplication concerning the Glorious Quran. Different interpretations of reduplication are adopted to show the efficiency and the rhetorical functions of these forms. More specifically, four translations of Pickthall, Yusuf Ali, Shakir, and Arberry are examined to find the strategies and methods used to translate reduplication accurately and appropriately. It is concluded that some translators succeeded in translating reduplication, whereas others could maintain neither the functions nor the impacts of such forms in English. However, it is challenging to render reduplication phonologically and morphologically into English due to the eloquence and inimitability of the Glorious Qur’an.
Impact of healthcare workers’ cell phones on the spread of multidrugresistant microorganisms
Authors: Gorokhovskii Vadim S. , Slobodenyuk E.V. , Bobrovnikova M.Yu. , Diachenko S.V.
Published: March 2021

Objective. To study the possibility of transferring multidrug resistant microorganisms through healthcare workers’ cell phones between medical institutions in Khabarovsk. Materials and Methods. It was a comparative prospective study to assess contamination of cell phones with multidrug-resistant microorganisms in a population (n = 30) and among intensive care unit (ICU) physicians (n = 60) in medical institutions. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc-diffusion method. A total of 514 healthcare workers from medical institutions of Khabarovsk were interviewed. The study enrolled 58.9% (n = 303) of physicians and 41.1% (n = 211) of nurses. Results. Microbial contamination of the physicians’ cell phones with extensively drug-resistant (16.7%; n = 10) and pandrug-resistant strains (6.7%; n = 4) was found to be significantly higher than that in the population. Conclusions. Working in several medical institutions and the healthcare workers’ personal articles can be the ways of spreading resistant microorganisms.
Effect of 23S rRNA gene mutations in Mycoplasma pneumoniae on severity of community-­acquired pneumonia in young adult patients treated at the Smolensk military hospital
Authors: Ivanova O.V. , Edelstein Inna A. , Romashov O.I. , Kozlov Roman S.
Published: March 2021

Objective.

To evaluate effect of 23S rRNA gene mutations in Mycoplasma pneumoniae on severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in young adult patients.
Materials and Methods.

A total of 42 case histories of young adult patients with CAP treated at the Smolensk military hospital over the period of 25 October 2017 to 25 December 2019 were reviewed. «AmpliSens® Mycoplasma pneumoniae/Chlamydophila pneumoniae-FL» real-time PCR kit was used to detect M. pneumoniae from nasopharyngeal swabs collected prior to antimicrobial therapy. Testing for 23S rRNA gene mutations conferring macrolide resistance was performed by real-time PCR melt curve analysis (patent no. 2646123) and confirmed by DNA sequencing.
Results.

All patients had a clinical picture of non-severe CAP on hospital admission. All patients were treated with standard doses of azithromycin or clarithromycin. No respiratory failure or any other complications were observed. Macrolide-resistant genotype of M. pneumoniae was detected in 4 (9.5%) patients. Clinical, laboratory and radiological resolution of pneumonia in all cases occurred on day 10– 16, regardless of the presence of macrolide-resistant genotype.
Conclusions.

There were no differences in clinical course of severity between CAP caused by M. pneumoniae with 23S rRNA gene mutation and CAP caused by wild-type M. pneumoniae The presence of mutations in the 23S rRNA gene of M. pneumoniae did not worsen the clinical course of CAP.
Socialization and Training at Gloria Muda Volleyball Club
Authors: Edi Irwanto  , Danang Ari Santoso  , Bayu Septa Martaviano Triaiditya  , Marki Sandi  , Dadang Mubin
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this service is to provide socialization and training at Gloria Muda Tambakrejo volleyball club, Bulurejo Village, Purwoharjo District, Banyuwangi Regency. The method used in this service is discussion and direct training (demonstration and practice) to the coaches and volleyball players of Gloria Muda Tambakrejo. The result of this activity was that the volleyball club coach Gloria Muda Tambakrejo gained new insights regarding the training program and how to train and was able to develop a training program that could be used to develop the technique and game of the Tambakrejo volleyball club. Young Gloria club players get training programmed according to the training program that suits their needs. Increased basic technical skills of passing, smash and vertical jump height of club players Gloria Muda Tambakrejo. Increased skills of passing and smash techniques and physical conditions (vertical jump) by 6.17%. For the basic technique of passing, there was an increase of 9, 53%. For the basic smash technique there is an increase of 3.20%. For the ability to vertical jump there is an increase of 3, 87%.
Workshop on Implementation of Learning on Disability Teaching in the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0
Authors: Adi Rahadian  , Ervan Kastrena  , Aziz Amrulloh  , Firdaus Hendry Prabowo Yudho  , Andi Kurniawan Pratama  , Muhamad Syamsul Taufik  , Asep Ramdan Afriyuandi
Published: March 2021

In this study looking for how much the level of teacher ability in the development of physical education As for the stages of research as follows: (1) Conduct initial identification and analysis of the needs of the object and location of research and conduct preliminary studies, and also literature studies relating to research, (2) Arranging program plans regularly, (3) Arranging instructional, books or activity evaluation tools, (4) Developing research instruments to reveal the ability of physical education teachers in developing Physical Education learning (5) Conducting small group trials to Physical Education teachers; and (6) conducting field trials on physical education teachers. So the conclusion of this research is the experience factor which consists of teaching experience of children with special needs and contact experience with children with special needs. Third, knowledge factors consisting of teacher education background, training, knowledge, and teacher learning needs. Fourth, educational environment factors consisting of resource support, parent and family support, and the school system.
Accompaniment of Village Library Development in Grajagan Village, Purwoharjo District, Banyuwangi Regency
Authors: Hari Siswoyo  , Dwi Priyantoro  , M. Taufiq  , Andre P. Hendrawan  , Eri Widayanti
Published: March 2021

The Grajagan village had a library located at the village office. So far, the library has not been managed and utilized optimally. The problems that occur in this library include the lack of book collections, the absence of chairs and tables for readers, the condition of the library is not well organized, and the library staff were not trained in managing the library. These problems have resulted in the low interest of the people of Grajagan village to visit the village library. To solve the problems, it was necessary to provide assistance in library development. Library development is carried out through the addition of book collections, providing chairs and tables for readers, arranging library space, and training for library staff. Based on the results of community service activities that have been carried out, it can be stated that the library's book collection has increased by 88 books, the library space becomes more comfortable with the increase in furniture, and the library staff has increased their knowledge in terms of library management. To further increase the role and function of the library, promotion or introduction to the library's book collections and facilities to local villagers is required.
TURİZM SƏNAYESİNİN MÜASİR VƏZİYYƏTİ VƏ İNKİŞAF PERSPEKTİVLƏRİ
Authors:   Bakı Mühəndislik Universiteti, Abid Seyidov Rovlan
Published: March 2021

Key words: tourism industry, service areas, travel, products, services
ƏRZAQ TƏHLÜKƏSİZLİYİNİN TƏMİN EDİLMƏSİNİN İNKİŞAF İSTİQAMƏTLƏRİ
Authors:   Azərbaycan Dövlət İqtisad Universiteti (UNEC), Ilham Ziyadzade Samira
Published: March 2021

Key words: food security, food, manufacturing process
İBTİDAİ SİNİFLƏRİN RİYAZİYYAT KURSUNDA EHTİMAL NƏZƏRİYYƏSİ VƏ STATİSTİKA ELEMENTLƏRİ
Authors:   Bakı Slavyan Universiteti, Ahmad Savdumova Tamila
Published: March 2021

Key words: Mathematics, probability theory, statistics, random quantity
XINALIQ TARİXİ-ETNOQRAFİYA MUZEYİNİN YARANMASININ TARİXİ SƏBƏBLƏRİ
Authors:   Azərbaycan Dövlət Mədəniyyət və İncəsənət Universiteti, Abdulla Imanzadeh Shams
Published: March 2021

Key words: Khinalig, museum, history, ethnography, exhibit
XX ƏSRİN 60-70-Cİ İLLƏRİNDƏ AZƏRBAYCAN TƏSVİRİ SƏNƏTİNDƏ RƏNGKARLIQ NÜMUNƏLƏRİNƏ XAS OLAN QADIN OBRAZLARININ BƏDİİ XÜSUSİYYƏTLƏRİ
Authors:   Azərbaycan Dövlət Rəssamlıq Akademiyası, Nazim Mammadova Fidan
Published: March 2021

Key words:female image, portreit, V.Samadova, D.Kazimov, T.Salakhov
MOLLA PƏNAH VAQİF VƏ AŞIQ ƏLƏSGƏR YARADICILIĞINDA BƏDİİ TƏSVİR VASİTƏLƏRİ: EPİTET VƏ TƏŞBEH
Authors:   Bakı Dövlət Universitet, Sardar Alibabayeva Chinara
Published: March 2021

Key words: epithet, analogy, description, goshma
AZƏRBAYCAN DİLÇİLİYİNDƏ SÖZ YARADICILIĞI
Authors:   Bakı Slavyan Universiteti, Rafig Gasimova Vusala
Published: March 2021

Key words: word, word formation, semantic method, syntactic method, morfological method, lexical method
PRINCIPLES, FUNCTIONS AND METHODS OF WORK OF A SPECIALIST CRIMINALIST
Authors:   Baku State University, Mammad Garayev Abbas
Published: March 2021

Key words: specialist criminalist, investigative actions, evidence, procedural methods
ƏDALƏTLİ MƏHKƏMƏ ARAŞDIRMASI HÜQUQU VƏ BU ÇƏRÇİVƏDƏ DİSTANT DİNDİRMƏ ÜSULUNUN QİYMƏTLƏNDİRİLMƏSİ
Authors:   Baku State University, Yusif Dadashzade Khalig
Published: March 2021

Key words: right to a fair trial, right of defense, restriction of right to defense
ПОЛНОМОЧИЯ КОНСТИТУЦИОННОГО СУДА АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors:   Бакинский государственный университет, Rauf Yusifova Elvira
Published: March 2021

Key words: constitutional review, the constitutional review authority, the Constitutional Court, the separation of powers, constitutional justice
APPLICATION PROCESS FOR AUTHORİZED ECONOMİC OPERATOR IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors:   Baku State University, Elvaris Aliyeva Nigar
Published: March 2021

Key words: applicant, custom, UCC, AEO certificate, Article
PREREQUISITES FOR THE JURISDICTION OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT
Authors:   Baku, Azerbaijan, Rustam Gurbanova Narmin
Published: March 2021

Key words: court, criminal, types of crime, jurisdiction, forms of jurisdiction
BREACH OF CONTRACT AS ONE OF THE GROUNDS FOR TERMINATION OF THE CONTRACT OF CARRIAGE OF GOODS BY SEA
Authors:   Baku State University, Firaddin Mammadzada Sabuna
Published: March 2021

Key words: a contract of carriage of goods by sea, termination of contract, terms of contract, repudiatory breach, anticipatory breach
ENSURING FOOD AND BIOLOGICAL SAFETY OF ANIMAL PRODUCTS USING «VETIS»BY THE METHOD OF CODE ENCRYPTION OF PRODUCT NAMES
Authors:   Moscow State University of Food Production,, Avylov Ch.K. , Satyukova L.P. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production,, Zakharov A.V. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production,
Published: March 2021

Тhe material on ensuring the safety of products controlled by animal products using veterinary information systems and analyzing the archive of veterinary documents is presented.
RESIDUAL CONTENT OF VETERINARY PREPARATIONS IN MILK OF DIFFERENT COUNTRIES
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences», Moscow, Russian Federation., Popov P.A.
Published: March 2021

In the context of the development of the dairy industry, and especially small farm enterprises, the issue of using of veterinary drugs and controlling their residual content in milk and dairy products is particularly acute. Veterinary drugs that require control of the residual content include: antibiotics, detergents and disinfectants; hormones, etc. the Main sources of their appearance in milk are: treatment of cows (antibiotics, hormones); feeding of animals (feed antibiotics); processing of milking and other dairy equipment to maintain sanitation and hygiene (detergents, disinfectants, neutralizers). The article presents a literary review of the regulatory documentation for controlling the content of antibacterial and hormonal drugs in milk in Russian Federation, as well as in European countries and the United States of America.
APPLICATION OF IMMUNOMICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY FOR THE CONTROL OF RESIDUAL AMOUNT OF ANTIBIOTICS IN HONEY
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences», Moscow, Russian Federation., Smirnov A.M. , Klochko R.T. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences», Moscow, Russian Federation., Sokhlikov A.B. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences», Moscow, Russian Federation., Luganskiy S.N. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences», Moscow, Russian Federation., Blinov A.V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences», Moscow, Russian Federation.
Published: March 2021

The immunomicrochip technology was used to determine the residual amounts of antimicrobic substances in honey. It has been confirmed that this type of analysis has a high level of precision and expressness. The paper also provides a detailed discussion of studies that determine the residual levels of oxytetracycline in honey.
ANALYSIS OF CHLORORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN FODDER FOR BROILERCHICKENS BY THE METHOD OF GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH MASSSPECTROMETER DETECTOR
Authors:   Moscow State University of Food Production, Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Parshutina A.A. , Solovyova A.A. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production, Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Satyukova L.P. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production, Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Shubina E.G. ,   Central Scientific-Methodical Veterinary laboratory, Moscow 111622, Russian Federation, Grudev A.I. ,   Central Scientific-Methodical Veterinary laboratory, Moscow 111622, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

The article shows the importance of the study of feed for broiler chickens on the content of organochlorine pesticides. These substances in significant concentrations can disrupt the development of birds and cause mass poisoning. The study of formula feed for broiler chickens «prestart» and «start» by two methodswas conducted: a certified method for the determination of organochlorine pesticides in feed and formula feed (thin layer chromatography) and a method for detecting pesticides not certified for feed (gas-liquid chromatography with mass spectrometer detector). During the experiment, the presence of organochlorine pesticides in several formulafeed samples was revealed.
SEARCH FOR EFFECTIVE MODES AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR AIR DISINFECTION WITH A NEW RECIRCULATOR IN CHAMBER AND PRODUCTION EXPERIMENTS
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences», Prokopenko A.A. , Vanner N.E. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences», Novikova S.I. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences», Filipenkova G.V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences», Kushch I.V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences»
Published: March 2021

As a result of the research, effective modes and technology of air disinfection by a recirculator of ventilated air after its completion have been developed. It was found that in chamber experiments, air contaminated with microorganisms of the 1st ... 4th resistance group is disinfected by 84.6...99.98% during the operation of the recirculator for 20–45 minutes. In production experiments, when installing a recirculator in a room with a volume of 140 m3 and a mode of 1 hour of operation and 2 hours of break during daylight, bacterial contamination of the air decreases by 73.7%, which is sufficient for the prevention of aerogenic infections. For veterinary practice, the document «Technology of using a recirculator of ventilated air for air disinfection at veterinary surveillance facilities» was developed and approved.
ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF BACTERIOPHAGES AS SAFE MEANS OF MICROBIAL DECONTAMINATION OF FOOD PRODUCTS
Authors:   Moscow State University of Food Production Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Abdullaeva A.M. , Blinkova L.P. ,   I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera Moscow 105064, Russian Federation, Usha B.V. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Udavliev D.I. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Pershina T.A. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Pakhomov Yu.D. ,   I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera Moscow 105064, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

Review materials on the conducted research and application of bacteriophages as a means of decontamination of food products are presented. Several main examples of the use of bacteriophages are described. It is established that bacteriophages are one of the safest and most environmentally friendly means of disinfection of products. In addition to a short analysis of the results of the use of bacteriophages, further prospects for their use are indicated.
QUANTITATIVE ACCOUNT AND DIFFERENTIAL PROPERTIES OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA ALLOCATED FROM FOOD RAW MATERIALS
Authors:   Moscow State University of Food Production Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Lenchenko E.M. , Stepanov D.V. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production Moscow 125080, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

The results of microbiological studies of generally accepted research methods and analysis studies for accelerated calculation the amount of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms isolated from food raw materials are presented. Optimization of sample preparation for research and elimination of routine stages of colony counting significantly increases the number of performed analyzes, saves research time and material costs. Due to the simplicity of operations and a minimum of manual labor,productivity and security are increased, labor costs of staff time are reduced, subjective factors are excluded. The advantages are also in quantitative indicators of the total number of yeast and molds in the studied samples within 72 hours, whereas in the generally accepted method, the indicators are presented only after 5 days. A quantitative analysis of microorganisms of food samples (n = 82) revealed a mismatch of microbiological safety indicators, excess QMAFAnM: 23 (28,0%) samples food raw materials, of which 11 beef samples (47,2%); meat of offal and semi-finished poultry – 12 (20,3%). Based on a comparative assessment of growth-supporting and selective properties, effective diagnostic environments and test systems for differentiating similar types of microorganisms have been tested and selected. From the number of isolates allocated from food raw materials (n = 122), 36 microbial cultures were identified: Salmonella spp. – 10 (13,1%) microbial cultures; coliforms – 25 (24,3%); Listeria monocytogenes – 1 (1,3%).
DEREMINATION OF THE MAXIMUM TOLERATED DOSE OF THE PREPARATION SACHABACTISUBTIL IN MICE CD-1
Authors:   Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk 677001, Russian Federation, Neustroev M.P. , Murashev A.N. ,   Branch of Shemyakin – Ovchinnikov Research Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Puschino 142290, Russian Federation, Bondarenko D.A. ,   Branch of Shemyakin – Ovchinnikov Research Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Puschino 142290, Russian Federation, Stepanova A.M. ,   Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk 677001, Russian Federation, Tarabukina N.P. ,   Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk 677001, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

The article determines the safety and potential toxicity of the drug Saсhabactisubtil when administered intragastrically to the mice of SD-1. Male mice of the experimental groups were intragastrically administered the drug once in various doses. In mice with type 1 diabetes, the maximum tolerated dose of the drug Saсhabactisubtil from the bacterial strains B. subtilis TNP-3 and B. subtilis TNP-5 with a single intragastric administration at a dose of 5×109 and 15×109 CFU was not achieved. Therefore, the drug does not have a potential toxic effect. The test drug Saсhabactisubtil is promising for the development of starter cultures of fermented milk products and medicines.
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IS ONE OF THE MAIN PATHOGENS OF MASTITIS OF LACTATING COWS
Authors:   Vologda Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Vologda 160000, Russian Federation, Avduevskayа N.N.
Published: March 2021

As a result of microbiological studies of the udder secretion of lactating cows, conducted in ten livestock farms in the Vologda, Yaroslavl and Kostroma regions, 280 cultures of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms, as well as lactic acid and other non-pathogenic flora were isolated from 271 samples of the studied milk. At the same time, it was revealed that S. aureus occupies a leading place in the spectrum of the selected pathogenic microflora. In 2019, the species composition of the pathogenic microflora in the above-listed farms was represented by isolates of Staphylococcus aureus – in 24,3% of cases, then Streptococcus Agalactiae– in 9,3%, enterobacteria – in 5,3% and opportunistic Staphylococcus – in 3,2% of cases. S. aureus was allocated by us in seven farms out of ten, the percentage of its allocation ranged from 9,1% to 58,9%. At the same time, other pathogenic flora was isolated in the studied farms in smaller quantities. So opportunistic Staphylococcus was detected in three agricultural enterprises out of ten in 6,2 % – 11,5% of cases, Streptococcus Agalactiae – in seven – from 9,1% to 36,0%, enterobacteria in five – from 1,5% to 30,8% of cases, respectively. When determining the sensitivity between isolates of S. aureus with other microorganisms in different concentrations by the method of "hole" in meat-peptone agar, the negative influence of Staphylococcus aureus on pathogenic (enterobacteria and Streptococcus Agalactiae), as well as lactic acid and the other non-pathogenic microflora was revealed. This fact indicates that in the conditions of intermicrobial relations, Staphylococcus aureus has the ability to have an antagonistic effect on the listed flora. The article was completed in accordance with state assignment №0578-2014-0030.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF RECYCLING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE RECYCLING IN THE MOSCOW REGION ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE NOGINSK MUNICIPAL DISTRICT
Authors:   Moscow State University of Food Production Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Sukhanova A.А. , Subbotina Yu.M. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production Moscow 125080, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes the problem of negative impact of landfills for solid municipal waste disposal in the Moscow region. The dynamics of growth of the rate of accumulation of solid municipal waste is considered. The data on the largest operating MSW landfill in the Moscow region were studied. A scheme of geoecological impact and release of landfill gas into the environment has been drawn up. The standards of payment and conversion factors for emissions of pollutants into the air from landfills are given. The types of pollution at the landfills of MSW, as well as ways of negative impact leading to contamination of all components of the environment, were identified.
BIOHAZARD ANALYSIS OF HIGH QUANTITY PATHOGENS IN POULTRY MEAT OF MECHANICAL DEBONING
Authors:   Moscow State University of Food Production, Moscow, Russian Federation, Karachina T.A. , Abdullaeva A.M. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production, Moscow, Russian Federation, Blinkova L.P. ,   Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russian Federation, Usha B.V. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

Mechanically deboned poultry meat is one of the most popular raw materials used for recycling in food processing enterprises. However, it is susceptible to contamination by pathogenic and opportunistic microorgan-isms during production and storage. In this regard, the article provides data on the estimation of quantity of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms in poultry meat of mechanical deboning, in which bacteria of the genus Salmonella or Listeria monocytogenes were detected. The em-phasis is placed on the inefficiency of conducting only the QMAFAnM anal-ysis to determine the safety status of raw materials.
MICROBIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF CONTAMINATION OF POULTRY PRODUCTS
Authors:   Moscow State University of Food Production, Moscow, Russian Federation, Abdullaeva A.M. , Blinkova L.P. ,   Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, Russian Federation, Usha B.V. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production, Moscow, Russian Federation, Valitova R.K. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production, Moscow, Russian Federation, Hokkane M.A. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of a retrospective analysis on monitoring the contamination of poultry products for 2015-2019. Statistically unreliable or significant differences between the average rates of contamination between years and months are shown. The months in which the level of infection of poultry products increased annually with a supernormal quantity of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms (QMAFAnM), as well as Listeria, Salmonella. Monitoring data on microbial contamination of poultry products are compared with salmonellosis period in the population of poultry. The coincidence of the maximums of infection of poultry products and their disease indicates the need to strengthen measures for sanitation of food production throughout the technological chain.
DETECTION OF RESIDUAL ANTIBIOTIC CONCENTRATIONS IN MILK BY BIOCHIP TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences», Moscow, Russian Federation., Popov P.A.
Published: March 2021

The presence of residual amounts of antibiotics in milk and dairy products is an actual problem of the dairy industry. Antibiotics reduce the grade of milk and lead to disorders in the technological processes of milk processing into fermented milk extensions, disrupting microbiological processes of fermentation. Milk and dairy products are important foods for all age groups of the population. Milk has a special role in the functional nutrition of children of pre-school and school ages. However, antibiotics used in treating animals, often come in human food, pose a health risk because these compounds and their metabolites can be contained in milk and dairy products if the application rules were not followed. Rapid testing of the presence of residual amounts of antibiotics in raw milk has become a major challenge for farmers and dairy processors. Conventional analytical methods are either too long to perform, too expensive, or do not allow the quantification of antibiotic residues. One alternative method for determining antibiotics is biochip technology, which is fast, easy to implement and cost-effective. The article provides an overview of recent research by domestic and foreign scientists. Differences in biosensors for detecting antibiotic residues in milk have been determined.
COMPARATIVE RODENTICIDAL ACTIVITY OF BAITS WITH A COMPLEX COMPOUND RECOMMENDED FOR CONTROL OF SYNANTHROPIC RODENTS
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Moscow, Russian Federation, Klementieva S.A.
Published: March 2021

The article presents data of laboratory studies of the rodenticidal activity of baits consisting of a complex agent (anticoagulant plus synergist) in the form of gel in comparison with the rodenticidal activity of baits made on the basis of wheat groats. It is found that the rodenticidal activity of gel-like baits in comparison with «loose» baits is higher. This is probably due to the fact, that gel-like baits are eaten by experimental rodents slightly higher than baits made of wheat grits. As a result, rodents faster received the necessary lethal dose of the complex drug
THE EFFECT OF THE ANTIOXIDANT DIHYDROQUERCETIN AND THE PREBIOTIC ARABINOGALACTAN ON BIOCHEMICAL BLOOD PARAMETERS AND THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF PIG LIVER IN POSTNATAL ONTOGENESIS
Authors:   Federal Science Centre of Animal Husbantry named after Academy Member L. K. Ernest Podolsk, Moscow region, Russian Federation, Nikanova L.A.
Published: March 2021

The article presents the materials of an experiment conducted in the Kaluga region, Zhukovsky district, farm named after Guryanov, on three groups of pigs, large white breed, 10 animals each, two of which were experimental, and one control. The experimental groups of pigs received feed, balanced on nutrients, the first experimental group also received dihydroquercetin in the amount of 1 mg/kg of live weight per day, the second, experimental group received arabinogalactan 1,0 mg/kg of live weight per day. Feed additives were introduced into the diet of piglets from 15 days of age to slaughter at the age of 194 days. The experiment took place during the period of abnormal heat and smog. As a result of the experiment, it was revealed that the introduction of antioxidant, prebiotic actions into natural feed contributed to an increase in the body's adaptive ability to stress factors, correction of metabolic processes, which as a result ensured a higher realization of the genetic potential of pigs.