bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantification of Carbon Dioxide Removal at Low Sweep Gas and Blood Flows
Authors: de Villiers Hugo Juan , Sharma Ajay S. , Ahmed Usaama , Weerwind Patrick W.
Published: July 2023

Advancement in oxygenator membrane technology has further expanded the boundaries in the clinical application of extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R). Despite the advent of modern poly-4-methyl-1-pentene (PMP) membranes, limited information exists on the performance of these membranes at low sweep gas and blood flows. Moreover, physiological relationships for CO2 removal at these flows are less explored. Hence, CO2 removal was quantified in an in vitro setting using a PMP membrane oxygenator. ECCO2R was performed using a .8 m2 surface pediatric oxygenator in an in vitro setting with freshly drawn single-source porcine blood. In this setting, low blood flows of either 200 or 350 mL/min were generated, with sweep gas flow rates of 100, 200, and 400 mL/min, respectively. CO2 transfer ranged from 14.05 ± 4.35 mL/min/m2 to 18.76 ± 4.26 mL/min/m2 at a sweep gas to a blood flow ratio of .5:1 to 2:1 (p < .01). Decreasing this ratio i.e., increasing the blood flow (.5:1.75 and 2:1.75) resulted in a lower CO2 transfer of 10.00 ± 4.77 mL/min/m2 to 16.87 ± 5.09 mL/min/m2, which was still statistically significant (p < .01). Alternatively, decreasing the sweep gas to blood flow ratio, while maintaining a constant gas flow, did not show a significant increase in CO2 extraction (p > .05). At these test parameters, an increase in sweep gas improved the CO2 transfer, whereas an increase in blood flow resulted in a lower CO2 transfer. These results indicate that CO2 removal in low-flow ECCO2R is mainly sweep gas flow driven. Although these settings might not be applicable for clinical use, this study gives tangible information about the important factor involved in ECCO2R.
RVAD Support in the Setting of Submassive Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Salsano Antonio , Sportelli Elena , Olivieri Guido Maria , Di Lorenzo Nicola , Borile Silvia , Santini Francesco
Published: July 2023

Patients with submassive pulmonary embolism (PE), although normotensive, are characterized by right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and elevated levels of biomarkers of cardiac damage. The best treatment option in these cases is still a subject of debate and the use of thrombolysis in submassive PE remains controversial. A 57-year-old Caucasian male with unprovoked PE, normal blood pressure, and elevated troponin I values was referred to the cardiovascular department. In view of the presence of a right atrium thrombus, the patient underwent surgical embolectomy under extracorporeal circulation, with the extraction of a huge thrombus together with fragmented thrombi from both pulmonary arteries. The patient developed an acute right heart failure solved with a temporary RV assist device (RVAD) support. The RV recovery was observed after 72 hours following the implantation. RVAD placement should be considered in the management of PE in case of acute right heart failure after reperfusion therapy since it can bring the patient out of a death spiral.
Phase change materials in a hybrid solar thermal/photovoltaic energy storage system for a residential house
Authors: Neto Rui Costa , Ferreira Xavier , Silva Carlos Santos
Published: July 2023

Hot water supply has proved to be a subject of great relevance to counter climate change. The integration of solar collectors in residential hot water systems has already been extensively explored, presenting, however, an inconvenient mismatch between energy supply and its consumption. The integration of an energy storage system can counter this obstacle. In this field, phase change materials play an important role, being able to store latent heat. In this thesis, the incorporation of a storage system with phase change materials in a domestic water heating system was investigated. The system proposed in this work consists of a hybrid photovoltaic/thermal solar panel, a water storage tank and a plate heat exchanger with phase change materials. Several configurations were tested and three different phase change materials were studied, with a melting point of around 60 degrees. Simulations were carried out under different climatic conditions, for three different locations: Lisboa, Castelo Branco and Montalegre. The results show that the integration of such a system can lead to a reduction in energy consumption for heating domestic water of around 23% during the summer, and 14% during the winter.
Arundo donax L. as sustainable building material
Authors: Amarone Nadia , Iovane Giacomo , Marranzini Dante , Sessa Raffaella , Guedes Manuel Correia , Faggiano Beatrice
Published: July 2023

Arundo donax L. (ADL), also known as giant reed or Mediterranean cane, is a riparian herbaceous species characterized by long and robust stems. Classified as an invasive species because of its high capacity to grow, this natural material has been used for centuries in several sectors: handicrafts, agriculture and, mostly important, in buildings. Even if this species is easily found in the most of Mediterranean landscapes and is characterized by a large employment, most of its physical and mechanical properties are still unknown. In this context, the paper focuses on the identification of the ADL properties as plant and the assessment of the benefits to use Arundo donax in the field of constructions, especially in terms of environmental impact, through a careful analysis of existing architectures. Moreover, a simulation for the determination of the thermal performance and energy demand of a building that use Arundo donax as insulating material is proposed, also comparing the results to traditional insulating products.
Malignes Melanom
Authors: Kretzschmar Alexander
Published: July 2023

Mit Einführung von Immun- und zielgerichteten Therapien für Patient*innen mit malignem Melanom gewann die molekulare Charakterisierung zirkulierender Tumorzellen (CTCs) als Biomarker an Bedeutung, insbesondere für das Therapieansprechen. Mit einem aufwendigen Studienprogramm konnte nun erstmals nachgewiesen werden, dass ribosomale Proteine der Melanom-CTCs eine spezifische Gensignatur besitzen, die auf eine erhöhte Bildungsneigung von Melanom-Hirnmetastasen hinweisen. Die identifizierte Gensignatur besitzt damit nicht nur eine prognostische Bedeutung, die ribosomalen Proteine könnten außerdem eine interessante therapeutische Zielstruktur darstellen.
Malignes Melanom
Authors: Bubenzer Rainer H.
Published: July 2023

Aussagen zur Überlegenheit der neoadjuvanten gegenüber der adjuvanten Therapie des fortgeschrittenen malignen Melanoms im Stadium III bezogen sich anfänglich auf reine Labordaten. Die Ergebnisse der viel zitierten multizentrischen Studie PRADO bestätigten dann mittels klinischer Daten, dass eine neoadjuvante Therapie mit Ipilimumab und Nivolumab des resezierbaren Melanoms im Stadium III unter Umständen die klassische chirurgische Maßnahme einer kompletten Lymphadenektomie bei vorhandenen Lymphknotenmetastasen ersetzen kann 1.
Malignes Melanom
Authors: Bubenzer Rainer H.
Published: July 2023

So beeindruckend die Behandlungsergebnisse moderner immunonkologischer Therapien sind, so häufig gehen sie mit immunvermittelten Nebenwirkungen (irAE) einher, teilweise bei über 80 % der Patienten. Angesichts der steigenden Zahl immunonkologisch Behandelter sollten sich Dermato-Onkologen mit dem Nebenwirkungsmanagement auskennen, betonte Prof. Sebastian Haferkamp, Regensburg, auf einem Fachsymposium.
Endometriumkarzinom: Neue Klassifikation mit Folgen
Authors: Klein Friederike
Published: July 2023

Im September 2022 wurde die Version 2.0 der Leitlinie Endometriumkarzinom (EC) veröffentlicht, die erstmals die molekulare Klassifikation des EC berücksichtigt 1. Version 3.0 ist kurz vor der Veröffentlichung und wird Algorithmen enthalten, die praxistauglicher werden sollen.
Exploring how unemployment and grandparental support influence reproductive decisions in sub-Saharan African countries: Nigeria in focus
Authors: Imhanrenialena Benedict Ogbemudia , Ebhotemhen Wilson , Ekeoba Anthony Aziegbemin , Ate Andrew Asan
Published: July 2023

The socioeconomic factors driving the adoption of birth limitation and lengthening birth intervals as fertility control mechanisms in sub-Saharan Africa are a subject of debate. There are also arguments over what accounts for the low performance of the adopted fertility control mechanisms, and the break experienced in the fertility transition process. To fill the gaps, the authors work from a life-course perspective and linked data from the National Bureau of Statistics and the National Population Commission to collect retrospective data from 416 participants. Drawing on the socioeconomic framework, the roles of unemployment and grandparental support in reproductive decisions were tested. Results suggest that the unemployment situation is an underlying mechanism that triggered the adoption of birth control measures in Nigeria. The results also suggest that grandparental support accounts for the slow pace of the fertility transition process. This current study concludes that the unemployment situation pressures parents to reduce the number of childbirth. However, where grandparental support for grandchildren is available, parents tend to have a large family size in line with the pro-natalist nature of Nigerians.
Studying the effect of increasing the hydrogen content in hydrogen-enriched synthetic gas
Authors: McConnon Aili
Published: July 2023

Using direct numerical simulations to calculate how the flame thickness of an initially laminar flame increases as it evolves
Two-dimensional terahertz spectroscopy as a tool for revealing nonlinear interactions in media
Authors: Grishunin K. A. , Bilyk V. R. , Mishina E. D. , Kimel A. V. , Mashkovich E. A.
Published: July 2023

Usually, the presence of multiple eigenstates (magnons and phonons) in a system makes it difficult to analyze the coupled excitation mechanism using conventional single-pulse terahertz (THz) spectroscopy. On the contrary, 2D THz spectroscopy reveals energy flows between these states, which facilitates the identification of the coupled dynamics. In this article, we provide a theoretical description of this advanced technique and an experimental demonstration of its performance in antiferromagnet CoF2. Here, 2D THz spectroscopy shows that the THz pulse induces energy transfer from the magnon mode to the Raman-active phonon mode via a nonlinear excitation pathway.
Generalized and multi-oscillation solitons in the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with quartic dispersion
Authors: Bandara Ravindra , Giraldo Andrus , Broderick Neil G. R. , Krauskopf Bernd
Published: July 2023

We study different types of solitons of a generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation (GNLSE) that models optical pulses traveling down an optical waveguide with quadratic as well as quartic dispersion. A traveling-wave ansatz transforms this partial differential equation into a fourth-order nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) that is Hamiltonian and has two reversible symmetries. Homoclinic orbits of the ODE that connect the origin to itself represent solitons of the GNLSE, and this allows one to study the existence and organization of solitons with advanced numerical tools for the detection and continuation of connecting orbits. In this paper, we establish the existence of new types of connecting orbits, namely, PtoP connections from one periodic orbit to another. As we show, these global objects provide a general mechanism that generates additional families of two types of solitons in the GNLSE. First, we find generalized solitons with oscillating tails whose amplitude does not decay but reaches a nonzero limit. Second, PtoP connections in the zero energy level can be combined with EtoP connections from the origin to a selected periodic orbit to create multi-oscillation solitons; their characterizing property is to feature several episodes of different oscillations in between decaying tails. As is the case for solitons that were known previously, generalized solitons and multi-oscillation solitons are shown to be an integral part of the phenomenon of truncated homoclinic snaking.
Simple cyclic memristive neural networks with coexisting attractors and large-scale amplitude control
Authors: Lai Qiang , Guo Shicong
Published: July 2023

The memristor’s unique memory function and non-volatile nature make it an ideal electronic bionic device for artificial neural synapses. This paper aims to construct a class of memristive neural networks (MNNs) with a simple circular connection relationship and complex dynamics by introducing a generic memristor as synapse. For placing the memristive synapse in different coupling positions, three MNNs with the same coupling cyclic connection are yielded. One remarkable feature of the proposed MNNs is that they can yield complex dynamics, in particular, abundant coexisting attractors and large-scale parameter-relied amplitude control, by comparing with some existing MNNs. Taking one of the MNNs as an example, the complex dynamics (including chaos, period-doubling bifurcation, symmetric coexisting attractors, large-scale amplitude control) and circuit implementation are studied . The number of equilibria and their stabilities are discussed. The parameter-relied dynamic evolution and the coexisting attractors are numerically shown by using bifurcations and phase portraits. A microcontroller-based hardware circuit is given to realize the network, which verifies the correctness of the numerical results and experimental results.
The variation in wall shear stress induced by a linear train of soft particles in channel flow
Authors: Huang Lizhong , Lin Jianzhong , Wang Ruijin , Shao Chun
Published: July 2023

We investigate the wall shear stress variation induced by soft particles modeled as capsules migrating in a channel. Interestingly, the wall shear stress exhibits a roughly linear increase in both its global maximum value and variation magnitude with an increase in the normalized overall lateral position of the capsules when they stabilize as a linear train. Furthermore, when a single capsule stabilizes in the channel centerline, the streamlines show an M-like shape in the upper part and a W-like shape in the lower part of the channel. Meanwhile, we use the vertical velocity to explain the typical peak-valley-peak structure in the wall shear stress profile. For multiple capsules, the contours of the vertical velocity can also be employed to determine the locations where the peaks or valleys in the wall shear stress occur. These findings enhance our comprehension of the variation in wall shear stress caused by soft particles.
Pupil aberrations correction of the afocal telescope for the TianQin project
Authors: Fan Zichao , Ji Huiru , Mo Yan , Tan Hao , Chu WenXue , Zhao Lujia , Cao Shengyi , Ma Donglin
Published: July 2023

TianQin is a planned Chinese space-based gravitational wave (GW) observatory with a frequency band of 10−4–1 Hz. Optical telescopes are essential for the delivery of the measurement beam to support a precise distance measurement between pairs of proof masses. As the design is driven by the interferometric displacement sensitivity requirements, the stability control of optical path length (OPL) is extremely important beyond the traditional requirement of diffraction-limited imaging quality. The recurring tilt-to-length (TTL) coupling noise arises from the OPL variation due to the wavefront deformation and angular misalignment. Reducing the residual chief ray aberration in the optical design helps suppress TTL coupling noise. To correct the pupil aberrations, we derive primary pupil aberrations in a series expansion form, and then refine the formulation of merit function by combining the pupil aberration theory and traditional image aberration theory. The automatic correction of pupil aberrations is carried out by using the macro programming in the commercial optical software Zemax, leading to a high performance telescope design. The design results show that on one side the pupil aberrations have been corrected, and on the other side, its optical performance meets the requirements for TianQin project. The RMS wavefront error over the science field of view (FOV) is less than λ/200 and the maximum TTL coupling noise over the entire ±300 μrad FOV is 0.0152 nm µrad−1 . We believe that our design approach can be a good guide for the space telescope design in any other space-based GW detection project, as well as other similar optical systems.
Thin accretion disk images of the black hole in symmergent gravity
Authors: Çimdiker İlim İrfan , Övgün Ali , Demir Durmuş
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we study circular orbits, effective potential, and thin-accretion disk of a black hole in symmergent gravity (SG) within the Novikov–Thorne model in a way including the energy flux and temperature distribution. We determine bounds on SG parameters and conclude that the accretion disk could be used as an astrophysical tool to probe SG.
Template-based CT reconstruction with optimal transport and total generalized variation
Authors: Gao Yiming , Jin Zhengmeng , Li Xu
Published: July 2023

x-ray computed tomography (CT) has been widely used in clinical diagnosis as a modality of medical imaging. To decrease the radiation dose patients suffering from, sparse-view CT has gained much attention in medical imaging field. In this paper, we propose to design a variational model based on dynamic optimal transportation and total generalized variation for CT reconstruction. This is a joint task involving inverse problem and template registration. The final state image of the optimal transport problem is unknown and needs to be reconstructed through CT inversion, while the given initial state can be regarded as a template to provide some structural information for the final one. Moreover, the existence and stability of minimizers to our proposed model are shown in continuous space. In discretization with the continuity equation, we utilize the well-known staggered grid in fluid mechanics and develop a first-order algorithm based on primal-dual method for numerically solving the proposed model. Finally, numerical experiments for sparse-view CT reconstruction are exhibited to show the performance of our proposed model in recovering images with high quality and structure preservation.
Optimized super-resolution promote accuracy for projection speckle three-dimensional digital image correlation
Authors: Gao Yuhan , Xiong Chuanguo , Lei Xin , Huang Yuhua , Lv Weishan , Zhu Fulong
Published: July 2023

The camera resolution and electronic noise limit the accuracy of the projection speckle three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC) which is a non-invasive method to detect the reliability of electronic packaging structure. In this study, a measurement method of super-resolution (SR) reconstruction coupled with projection speckle DIC is proposed. The algorithm based on the maximum a posteriori model for DIC measurement systems was also optimized, and a speckle-specific bimodal prior was proposed to adapt to speckle images. By using optimized SR technology as an image pre-processing technique to enhance the resolution of captured images, the accuracy of measurements is improved. Full-field displacement measurement experiments show that, with suitable magnification and speckle size, the use of SR technology reduces the range of displacement errors from 8 μm to 2 μm. Experiments on step block topography measurements show that the use of SR technology reduces the error between DIC measurements and Moiré interferometry from 5 μm to within 2 μm. Therefore, SR technology can be effectively paired with projection speckle DIC measurements to adapt to various measurement scenarios in the field of electronic packaging reliability testing.
Magnetically-assembled multifunctional magnetic-plasmonic SERS substrate for low-concentration analyte detection
Authors: Amonkar Shilpa R , Cherukulappurath Sudhir
Published: July 2023

Multifunctional particles with combined magnetic and optical properties are promising materials for applications such as sensing and detection of analytes, and contrast agents for imaging techniques such as MRI, and photocatalysis. While the magnetic property allows for non-contact manipulation of the nanoparticles, optical properties can be harnessed for such sensing applications. We present the synthesis and large-scale assembly of inter-layered magnetic-plasmonic nanoparticles with graphene oxide (GO) spacer (Fe3O4@GO@Ag). The multifunctional composite particles were prepared using simple chemical methods and had an average size of 225 nm. The prepared samples were characterized using different techniques including powder XRD, FT-IR, Raman scattering, SEM, and TEM imaging. By using an external magnetic field, it is possible to form an assembly of these multifunctional particles on a large scale. Due to the chain-like formation in the presence of a magnetic field, such assemblies are good substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Here, we demonstrate the application of these magnetically-assembled particles for the detection of very low concentrations of analyte molecules (4-mercaptopyridine) using SERS. These multifunctional composite particles are good candidates for potential applications involving chemical detection, photocatalytic reactions, optoelectronic devices, and photothermal effects.
PAN/MXene/ZnS:Cu composites fibers with enhanced piezoelectric and energy storage performance for development of flexible piezoelectric sensors
Authors: Huang Yan , Xue Rui , An Lirui , Shi Qisong , Zhang Wenjuan , Wu Yibo , Liu Ruofan
Published: July 2023

Electrospun nanofibers are widely used in flexible piezoelectric sensors. However, producing multifunctional sensors with comprehensive coverage and high sensitivity remains challenging. In this work, we designed a multifunctional and flexible piezoelectric sensor. We obtained polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/MXene/ZnS:Cu nanofibers by electrospinning, while the diameter of the nanofibers was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy showed that the synergistic effect of MXene and ZnS:Cu promotes the content of planar zigzag conformation of PAN (94.16%). The ferroelectric and mechanical properties of the nanofibers were characterized by ferrometry and stretching, and their energy storage efficiency reached 94.05%, and the elongation at break increased to 97.5%. The piezoelectric sensor was fabricated with PAN/MXene/ZnS:Cu nanofibers. Under less pressure (0.098–1.96 N), it had a sensitivity of 2.46 V N−1, and at a frequency of 3 Hz, using a slight force percussion, its output voltage reached 10 V, which was twice that of pure PAN nanofibers. The output current was 50 μA. Its good sensitivity could be used to detect small body movement signals. Our results showed that PAN/MXene/ZnS:Cu nanofibers can fabricate multifunctional sensors, and the excellent performance of the piezoelectric sensor makes it have great application potential in the next generation of wearable electronic products.
From classical to quantum information geometry: a guide for physicists
Authors: Lambert J , Sørensen E S
Published: July 2023

Recently, there has been considerable interest in the application of information geometry to quantum many body physics. This interest has been driven by three separate lines of research, which can all be understood as different facets of quantum information geometry. First, the study of topological phases of matter characterized by Chern number is rooted in the symplectic structure of the quantum state space, known in the physics literature as Berry curvature. Second, in the study of quantum phase transitions, the fidelity susceptibility has gained prominence as a universal probe of quantum criticality, even for systems that lack an obviously discernible order parameter. Finally, the study of quantum Fisher information in many body systems has seen a surge of interest due to its role as a witness of genuine multipartite entanglement and owing to its utility as a quantifier of quantum resources, in particular those useful in quantum sensing. Rather than a thorough review, our aim is to connect key results within a common conceptual framework that may serve as an introductory guide to the extensive breadth of applications, and deep mathematical roots, of quantum information geometry, with an intended audience of researchers in quantum many body and condensed matter physics.
Robust atom optics for Bragg atom interferometry
Authors: Louie Garrett , Chen Zilin , Deshpande Tejas , Kovachy Timothy
Published: July 2023

Multi-photon Bragg diffraction is a powerful method for fast, coherent momentum transfer of atom waves. However, laser noise, Doppler detunings, and cloud expansion limit its efficiency in large momentum transfer (LMT) pulse sequences. We present simulation studies of robust Bragg pulses developed through numerical quantum optimal control. Optimized pulse performance under noise and cloud inhomogeneities is analyzed and compared to analogous Gaussian and adiabatic rapid passage pulses in simulated LMT Mach–Zehnder interferometry sequences. The optimized pulses maintain robust population transfer and phase response over a broader range of noise, resulting in superior contrast in LMT sequences with thermal atom clouds and intensity inhomogeneities. Large optimized LMT sequences use lower pulse area than Gaussian pulses, making them less susceptible to spontaneous emission loss. The optimized sequences maintain over five times better contrast with tens of

ℏ
k

momentum separation and offer more improvement with greater LMT. Such pulses could allow operation of Bragg atom interferometers with unprecedented sensitivity, improved contrast, and hotter atom sources.
Influence of liquid conductance on the temporal evolution of self-organization patterns in atmospheric pressure DC glow discharges
Authors: Ghimire Bhagirath , Kolobov Vladimir I , Xu Kunning G
Published: July 2023

Self-Organized Patterns (SOPs) at plasma-liquid interface in atmospheric pressure plasma discharges refer to the formation of intricate and puzzling structures due to the interplay of electrodynamic and hydrodynamic processes. Studies conducted to date have shown that this phenomenon results in the formation of distinctive patterns such as circular ring, star, gear, dots, spikes, etc., and primarily depends on working gas, electrolyte type, gap distance, current, conductivity, etc. However, an adequate understanding of how these patterns change from one type to another is still not available. This study aims to elucidate the influence of initial liquid conductance (σ

i
) on the temporal evolution of SOPs in liquid-anode discharges. The discharge was generated in a pin-to-liquid anode configuration at a constant helium (He) flow rate of 500 sccm and DC applied voltage of 6 kV at a gap distance of 12 mm. Through the gradual increment of σ

i
from 1.8 μS to 4820 μS, we observe that the trend in the evolution of SOPS takes place as solid discs, spikes, dots, rings, double rings, and stars. The continuous formation of reactive species onto the liquid anode in all conductive solutions results in a decrease in pH, an increase in bulk liquid temperature, and an increase in total dissolved solutes, and these have been confirmed through experimental measurements. Observations using optical emission spectroscopy show that the electrons at the plasma-liquid interface participate in the reduction of cations followed by their excitation & ionization due to which electron density as well as emissions from excited species (mainly hydroxyl radicals & excited nitrogen) decrease with time. Our investigation provides experimental evidence on the presence of cations at the plasma-liquid interface required for SOP formation.
The thermo-therapeutic applications of Chitosan- CTAB coated Nickel Ferrite (NiFe2O4) magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Al-Bairmani Hayder , Roknabadi Mahmood Rezaee , Behdani Mohammad , Mohammadi Mojtaba
Published: July 2023

In this study, we used a hydrothermal-assisted co-precipitation method to synthesize the nickel ferrite (FN), Chitosan coated nickel ferrite (FN-Ch) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide coated nickel ferrite (FN-CT) nanoparticles with small sizes and good biocompatibility. These nanoparticles were then evaluated for their potential use in magnetic hyperthermia. The particles were characterized using a variety of techniques, including x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Inductively coupled plasma (ICP), magnetic characterization (VSM), zeta potential analysis, and in vivo studies (blood hemolysis and MTT test). The results of the x-ray diffraction analysis showed that the nanoparticles had a spinel phase of NiFe2O4. TEM analysis revealed that all three samples contained particles with nearly quadrilateral and hexagonal shapes. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of Chitosan and CTAB coatings on the particle surface. Magnetic hysteresis curves showed that all of the synthesized samples exhibited superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature. The findings from the ICP analysis indicated that the FN-Ch and FN-CT nanoparticles contained iron and nickel, while no substantial quantities of other trace elements were identified in either of the samples. Blood hemolysis and MTT tests were used to assess the toxicity of the nanoparticles when in contact with red blood cells, fibroblast cells, and MCF7 cancer cells. Overall, our findings suggest that FN-Ch and FN-CT nanoparticles have potential for use in cancer diagnosis and treatment as part of a new nano-carrier system. Furthermore, combining hyperthermia with other treatment methods could enhance the effectiveness of cancer therapy.
Visual image encryption algorithm based on compressed sensing and 2D cosine -type logistic map
Authors: Ren Qi , Teng Lin , Jiang Donghua , Si Ruiying , Wang Xingyuan
Published: July 2023

A new two-dimensional cosine-type Logistic map (2D-CTLM) is proposed in this paper. Performance analysis shows that 2D-CTLM has good ergodicity, complex behavior, and a wide range of chaotic regions. To study its application, an adaptive embedded high visual security image encryption scheme is proposed by combining the system with two-dimensional compression sensing to address the shortcomings of fixed embedding positions and low transmission efficiency in existing schemes. The embedding position is fixed when the ciphertext image is embedded into the carrier image. When embedded in an inappropriate location, it will affect the decryption quality and the imperceptibility of the steganographic image. Firstly, the initial value of 2D-CTLM system is generated by using the information entropy of plaintext image and counter to generate random measurement matrix, which is used to compress and encrypt plaintext image from two directions at the same time. Secondly, the compressed cipher image is scrambled by the initial matrix generated by the GOL (game of life) rules in two-dimensional cellular automata to obtain the ciphertext image. Finally, the most suitable embedding position in the carrier image is found by combining information entropy and edge entropy. Then the unquantized ciphertext image is embedded into it by ST (slant transform) embedding method to obtain a high visual security image. To improve the transmission efficiency, the color carrier image can be selected to transmit three gray plaintext images at the same time, maintain high-quality reconstruction effect. SHA-512 and the information entropy of plaintext image are used to generate the initial value of encryption and measurement matrix, enhance the correlation between the algorithm and plaintext image, and effectively resist known plaintext and selective plaintext attacks. Simulation results and performance analysis show that compared with the existing encryption schemes, the encryption scheme has excellent visual effect, good decryption quality and good robustness.
Numerical investigation of octakis (4-methoxyphenyl) spiro [fluorene-9, 9′ xanthene]−2, 2′, 7, 7′-tetraamine) (X60) as hole transport layer in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell
Authors: Benyoucef Abdellah , Belarbi Mousaab , Zeggai Oussama , Goumri-Said Souraya , Kanoun Mohammed Benali , Benyoucef Boumediene , Louhibi-Fasla Souad
Published: July 2023

In this work, we have presented a solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell (SSDSSC) using X60 (full name: octakis(4-methoxyphenyl)spiro[fluorene-9,9′ xanthene]−2,2′,7,7′-tetraamine) as a hole transport layer (HTL). The proposed structure consists of FTO/TiO2/N719 Dye/X60/Ni. The simulation is performed using Solar Cell Capacitance One-Dimensional software. Initial results showed an efficiency η of 7.411%, a fill factor FF of 81.598%, a short-circuit current density J

SC
of 6.333 mA cm−2, and an open-circuit voltage V

OC
of 1.433 V. Afterward, various parameters, such as X60, N719, TiO2 thicknesses; X60/N719 defect; temperature; and back contact materials, were investigated to determine their effect on the suggested structure. After optimization (thicknesses: 0.4/0.4/0.9/0.3 μm; defect density: 109 cm−2; temperature: 285 K; back contact material: Ni), an efficiency of 7.846% was achieved with a 1.443 V open-circuit voltage, 6.593 mA/cm2 short-circuit current density, and an 82.460% fill factor. Lastly, the findings reveal that employing X60 as the HTL for SSDSSC provides better performance compared to other HTLs (CuSCN, CuI, and P3HT). This study contributes to the development and production of SSDSSC.
Local Einstein relation for fractals
Authors: Padilla L , Iguain J L
Published: July 2023

We study single random walks and the electrical resistance for fractals obtained as the limit of a sequence of periodic structures. In the long-scale regime, power laws describe both the mean-square displacement of a random walk as a function of time and the electrical resistance as a function of length. We show that the corresponding power-law exponents satisfy the Einstein relation. For shorter scales, where these exponents depend on length, we find how the Einstein relation can be generalized to hold locally. All these findings were analytically derived and confirmed by numerical simulations.
Synchronization and desynchronization of chaotic models with integer, fractional and distributed-orders and a color image encryption application
Authors: Mahmoud Gamal M , Khalaf Hesham , Darwish Mohamed M , Abed-Elhameed Tarek M
Published: July 2023

For the first time, as we know, the generalization of combination synchronization (GCS) of chaotic dynamical models with integer, fractional and distributed-orders is studied in this paper. In the literature, this type of synchronization is considered as a generalization of numerous other kinds. We state the definition of GCS and it’s scheme using tracking control technique among two drive integer and fractional-order models and one response distributed-order model. A theorem is established and proven to give us the analytical formula for the control functions in order to achieve GCS. Numerical calculations are utilized to support these analytic results. We give an example to check the validity of the control functions to achieve GCS. Using the modified Predictor-Corrector method, we obtained numerical results for our models that are in good agreement with the analytical ones. In this work, also, we introduce both of the fractional-order hyperchaotic strongly coupled (FOHSC) Lorenz model and distributed-order hyperchaotic strongly coupled (DOHSC) Lorenz model. Since there are few articles on chaos desynchronization, we aim to study the chaos desynchronization of FOHSC and DOHSC Lorenz models. The encryption and decryption of color image are presented based on GCS between two drive integer and fractional-order models, respectively and one response distributed-order model. Information entropy, correlation analysis between adjacent pixels and histograms are determined together with the experimental results of color image encryption.
Revisiting Friedmann-like cosmology with torsion: newest constraints from high-redshift observations
Authors: Liu Tonghua , Liu Ziqiang , Wang Jiamin , Gong Shengnan , Li Man , Cao Shuo
Published: July 2023

As one of the possible extensions of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, it has been recently suggested that the presence of space-time torsion could solve problems of the very early and the late-time universe undergoing accelerating phases. In this paper, we use the latest observations of high-redshift data, coming from multiple measurements of quasars and baryon acoustic oscillations, to phenomenologically constrain such cosmological model in the framework of Einstein-Cartan (EC) endowed with space-time torsion. Such newly compiled quasar datasets in the cosmological analysis is crucial to this aim, since it will extend the Hubble diagram to high-redshift range in which predictions from different cosmologies can be distinguished. Our results show that out of all the candidate models, the torsion plus cosmological constant model is strongly favoured by the current high-redshift data, where torsion would be expected to yield the late-time cosmic acceleration. Specially, in the framework of Friedmann-like cosmology with torsion, the determined Hubble constant is in very good agreement with that derived from the Planck 2018 CMB results. On the other hand, our results are compatible with zero spatial curvature and there is no significant deviation from flat spatial hypersurfaces. Finally, we check the robustness of high-redshift observations by placing constraints on the torsion parameter α, which is strongly consistent with other recent works focusing on torsion effect on the primordial helium-4 abundance.
Tunable capacitor for superconducting qubits using an InAs/InGaAs heterostructure
Authors: Materise Nicholas , Dartiailh Matthieu C , Strickland William M , Shabani Javad , Kapit Eliot
Published: July 2023

Adoption of fast, parametric coupling elements has improved the performance of superconducting qubits, enabling recent demonstrations of quantum advantage in randomized sampling problems. The development of low loss, high contrast couplers is critical for scaling up these systems. We present a blueprint for a gate-tunable coupler realized with a two-dimensional electron gas in an InAs/InGaAs heterostructure. Rigorous numerical simulations of the semiconductor and high frequency electromagnetic behavior of the coupler and microwave circuitry yield an on/off ratio of more than one order of magnitude. We give an estimate of the dielectric-limited loss from the inclusion of the coupler in a two qubit system, with coupler coherences ranging from a few to tens of microseconds.
Coupler curves of moving graphs and counting realizations of rigid graphs
Authors: Grasegger Georg , El Hilany Boulos , Lubbes Niels
Published: July 2023

A calligraph is a graph that for almost all edge length assignments moves with one degree of freedom in the plane, if we fix an edge and consider the vertices as revolute joints. The trajectory of a distinguished vertex of the calligraph is called its coupler curve. To each calligraph we uniquely assign a vector consisting of three integers. This vector bounds the degrees and geometric genera of irreducible components of the coupler curve. A graph, that up to rotations and translations admits finitely many, but at least two, realizations into the plane for almost all edge length assignments, is a union of two calligraphs. We show that this number of realizations is equal to a certain inner product of the vectors associated to these two calligraphs. As an application we obtain an improved algorithm for counting numbers of realizations, and by counting realizations we characterize invariants of coupler curves.
On the strongly pseudoconcave boundary of a compact complex surface
Authors: Kasuya Naohiko , Zuddas Daniele
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we establish the method of holomorphic handle attaching to the strongly pseudoconcave boundary of a complex surface. We use this for proving the following statements: (1) every closed connected oriented contact

3
3

-manifold can be filled as the strongly pseudoconcave boundary of a compact complex surface; (2) any two non-empty closed connected oriented contact

3
3

-manifolds are complex cobordant. Moreover, we show that such a complex surface (or complex cobordism) can be taken Kähler.
Lessons from 801 clinical TFE3/TFEB fluorescence in situ hybridization assays performed on renal cell carcinoma suspicious for MiTF family aberrations
Authors: Wang Xiao-Ming , Shao Lina , Xiao Hong , Myers Jeffrey L , Pantanowitz Liron , Skala Stephanie L , Udager Aaron M , Vaishampayan Ulka , Mannan Rahul , Dhanasekaran Saravana M , Chinnaiyan Arul M , Betz Bryan L , Brown Noah , Mehra Rohit
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays for the detection of chromosomal rearrangements involving TFE3 and TFEB are considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of MiTF family altered renal cell carcinoma (MiTF-RCC). We reviewed 801 clinical TFE3/TFEB FISH assays performed at our tertiary-level institution between 2014 and 2023 on kidney tumors suspicious at the morphologic or biomarker level for MiTF aberrations.

Methods

We summarized and analyzed clinical information, TFE3/TFEB FISH results, and available biomarker staining results in a cohort of 453 consecutive kidney tumor cases suspicious for MiTF-RCC.

Results

In total, 61 of 434 (14%) kidney tumors were confirmed for TFE3 translocation; 10 of 367 cases (2.7%) were confirmed for TFEB translocation. Since TFEB amplification interpretation was implemented in our service line, 20 of 306 cases (6.5%) were diagnosed with TFEB amplification. Importantly, TFE3 and TFEB rearrangements were never co-detected within the same kidney tumor. Patients with TFEB amplification were significantly older (P < .001) than patients with TFE3 or TFEB translocation. Kidney tumors with TFEB amplification were seen to be at least 3 times as common as those with TFEB translocation.

Conclusions

Clinical TFE3/TFEB FISH assays successfully identified and confirmed rare MiTF-RCC with TFE3 and TFEB rearrangements. Although morphologic and biomarker features associated with a kidney tumor may be suggestive of MiTF-RCC, clinical TFE3/TFEB FISH assays are crucial for a confirmation and definitive subclassification of patients with MiTF-RCC.
A soft-computation hybrid method for search of the antibiotic-resistant gene in Mycobacterium tuberculosis for promising drug target identification and antimycobacterial lead discovery
Authors: Jaiswal Neha , Kumar Awanish
Published: July 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) control programs were already piloted before the COVID-19 pandemic commenced and the global TB response was amplified by the pandemic. To combat the global TB epidemic, drug repurposing, novel drug discovery, identification and targeting of the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, and addressing social determinants of TB are required. The study aimed to identify AMR genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and a new anti-mycobacterial drug candidate. In this research, we used a few software to explore some AMR genes as a target protein in MTB and identified some potent antimycobacterial agents. We used Maestro v12.8 software, along with STRING v11.0, KEGG and Pass Server databases to gain a deeper understanding of MTB AMR genes as drug targets. Computer-aided analysis was used to identify mtrA and katG AMR genes as potential drug targets to depict some antimycobacterial drug candidates. Based on docking scores of –4.218 and –6.161, carvacrol was identified as a potent inhibitor against both drug targets. This research offers drug target identification and discovery of antimycobacterial leads, a unique and promising approach to combating the challenge of antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium, and contributes to the development of a potential futuristic solution.
Vascular complications of ProGlide versus Prostar in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) procedures: meta-analysis
Authors: Xiang Yuwei , Chen Chen , Zhao Jichun , Ma Yukui , Huang Bin , Wu Zhoupeng
Published: July 2023

Background

The aim of this study was to compare the vascular complications of ProGlide and Prostar in percutaneous transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Methods

Electronic databases were searched in July 2022 for studies that compared the vascular complications of ProGlide and Prostar for percutaneous closure in transcatheter aortic valve replacement. The primary outcome was major vascular complications and the secondary outcomes were minor vascular complications, types of access-site vascular complications, device failure, and additional intervention. Estimates of relative effects were pooled to generate ORs and their 95 per cent c.i. using a random-effects model. The risk of bias in non-randomized comparative studies was assessed using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions (‘ROBINS-I’) tool.

Results

Nine studies were identified and a total of 7529 patients were included. Among them, 4144 patients received ProGlide and 3385 received Prostar. The pooled data showed that the risk of major vascular complications was significantly lower with ProGlide versus Prostar (OR 0.50, 95 per cent c.i. 0.32 to 0.78). Regarding the types of vascular complications, vascular trauma was the most common complication and the risk was similar between groups (OR 1.02, 95 per cent c.i. 0.55 to 1.91). ProGlide had a lower risk of bleeding complications (OR 0.46, 95 per cent c.i. 0.22 to 0.94), but a higher risk of ischaemia complications (OR 1.90, 95 per cent c.i. 1.10 to 3.27). The risk of device failure was lower in the ProGlide group (OR 0.45, 95 per cent c.i. 0.21 to 0.95). Both groups had a similar risk of having additional interventions for vascular complications (OR 1.02, 95 per cent c.i. 0.75 to 1.39). The use of ProGlide was associated with a lower risk of additional surgical treatments (OR 0.52, 95 per cent c.i. 0.34 to 0.80), but a higher risk of endovascular treatments (OR 2.69, 95 per cent c.i. 1.29 to 5.63).

Conclusion

In percutaneous transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement procedures, ProGlide has superior safety and efficacy when compared with Prostar; it is associated with fewer major vascular complications and device failures. The vascular complications of ProGlide are more likely to be dealt with using endovascular treatments than surgical treatments.
A Masking Effect: A Case of Initial Presentation of Ulcerative Colitis After Discontinuing Growth Hormone Therapy
Authors: Ugonabo Onyinye , Turki M'hamed , Stewart Dane , Sherif Ahmed , Villa Xavier
Published: July 2023

Background

The inflammation and repair of the intestinal mucosa in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involve a complex interplay between innate, adaptive immune responses, and hormones. This may explain the relapsing clinical course of the disease.

Methods

We present the first reported case of a patient presenting their initial flare of ulcerative colitis immediately after discontinuing growth hormone (GH) therapy, suggesting treatment with GH or growth factors may prevent the development of IBD.

Results

This is a case of a 13-year-old female with a history of GH deficiency, presenting with an 8-week history of abdominal pain, blood-stained diarrhea, and fecal calprotectin greater than 8000 mcg/g, 2 weeks after discontinuing GH therapy. The patient subsequently underwent an esophagoduodenoscopy and colonoscopy with biopsies showing histological features consistent with ulcerative colitis.

Conclusions

The finding of withdrawing GH or growth factors therapy potentially unmasking IBD in this patient raises a question of whether growth factors can inhibit the development of IBD and suggests beneficial effects of treatment with GH or growth factors as adjuvant therapy for IBD.