bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PERILAKU PEMELIHARAAN KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT TERHADAP STATUS KESEHATAN GIGI PADA SANTRIWATI USIA 12 – 17 TAHUN DI PONDOK PESANTREN MODERN ISLAM ASSALAAM, SURAKARTA
Authors: Sari Morita , Suri Indah Puspita
Published: February 2023

Menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut sangat berguna untuk kelangsungan hidup di masa yang akan datang. Cara awal menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah dengan mengatasi permasalahan kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Permasalahan kesehatan gigi dan mulut sering dialami oleh anak usia remaja, salah satunya adalah karies gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perilaku pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi pada status kesehatan gigi pada Santriwati usia 12-17 tahun di Pondok Pesantren Modern Islam Assalaam. Santriwati dipilih sebagai responden karena banyak dari mereka masih usia remaja dan tinggal di Pondok yang jauh dari pengawasan orang tua. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan cross sectional study design menggunakan kuesioner dan pemeriksaan DMF-T dengan responden Santriwati sebanyak 300 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling method. Data yang diperoleh kemudian akan dianalisis dengan uji Chi- Square dan Binary Logistic Regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 55,3% Santriwati memiliki DMF-T rendah dan 44,7% Santriwati memiliki DMF-T tinggi.
PENGARUH JUMLAH APLIKASI SILANE TERHADAP KEKERASAN FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE
Authors: Faizah Ariyani
Published: February 2023

Fiber reinforced composite (FRC) merupakan kombinasi antara resin komposit dan fiber yang  dilapisi silane. Silane coupling agent merupakan bahan dengan dasar silicon-based yang berfungsi membentuk ikatan antara resin komposit dan fiber. Pengaplikasian silane melalui dua proses yaitu hidrolisis dan kondensasi. Mekanisme kerja silane dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor salah satunya yaitu volume yang tepat dapat mengurangi penyerapan air yang akan berdampak pada peningkatan adhesi dan kekuatan mekanik salah satunya kekerasan dari material tersebut.    Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh jumlah aplikasi silane terhadap kekerasan FRC. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental  murni. Sampel berjumlah 32, kelompok I adalah  satu kali aplikasi silane, volume 0,58 µl dan satu kali pengeringan selama 60 detik, kelompok II dua kali aplikasi silane volume 0,29 µl dan dua kali pengeringan selama 30 detik. Sampel berbentuk disk diameter 5 mm x tinggi 2 mm. Pengujian tingkat kekerasan menggunakan Vickers Indenter Microhardness Tester. Uji  Independent t-test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna antar kelompok dengan nilai signifikansi p=0,000 (p0,05). Jumlah aplikasi silane berpengaruh terhadap kekerasan FRC dan jumlah aplikasi silane yang paling efektif digunakan adalah dua kali pengaplikasian silane dengan volume 0,29 µl dan dua kali pengeringan selama 30 detik.
POTENSI PENAMBAHAN KITOSAN NANOPARTIKEL SEBAGAI BAHAN ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIS RESIN KOMPOSIT
Authors: Suparno Nilasary Rochmanita , Mufida Arifah Rizqi , Sritomo Ramadhan Muhammad Noor
Published: February 2023

Resin komposit merupakan salah satu material restorasi yang sering digunakan karena estetik dan sifat mekanisnya yang baik, namun dapat mengalami pengerutan saat polimerisasi yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya karies sekunder akibat masuknya bakteri. Oleh karena itu, perlu ditambahkan suatu agen antibakteri yang dapat membunuh atau menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Kitosan merupakan biopolimer yang sering ditambahkan pada material kedokteran gigi. Kitosan juga memiliki sifat antibakteri dan penggunaannya sudah terbukti aman. Penambahan kitosan sebagai antibakteri dapat memengaruhi sifat mekanis suatu material. Tujuan dari literature review adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana potensi penambahan kitosan nanopartikel sebagai bahan antibakteri terhadap sifat mekanis resin komposit. Tinjauan literature review menggunakan metode pencarian literatur dalam database elektronik: Springer Nature, Proquest, Science Direct, Pubmed dengan kata kunci “chitosan” and “mechanical properties” and “composite resin”. Kriteria inklusi untuk pemilihan artikel ilmiah ialah tahun publikasi 2010 hingga 2020, diterbitkan dalam bahasa Inggris dan tersedia artikel full text. Hasil pencarian didapatkan 4 artikel ilmiah yang dimasukkan ke dalam literature review ini. Kesimpulan dari literature review yaitu penambahan kitosan nanopartikel pada resin komposit dapat meningkatkan sifat antibakteri tanpa memengaruhi sifat mekanis dari resin komposit. Hal ini bisa terjadi apabila kitosan yang ditambahkan ke dalam resin komposit dalam jumlah yang tepat.
ANALYSIS OF EFFECTIVENESS OF ECONOMICS SUBJECT TUTORING AFTER SCHOOL
Authors: Narimo Sabar , Anggraini Septi , Suranto Suranto , Sari Dhany Efita , Musthapa Ramlee
Published: February 2023

Tutoring is an additional learning activity after school to improve students’ learning outcomes. Tutoring can be conducted by informal or institution, in small groups, or large groups. This study aims to describe the factors influencing students of tutoring after school and the strategy of after-school tutoring program company for school exams and to test students’ outcomes after following after-school tutoring. The participants were 30 students of third grade of senior high school majoring in social sciences. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires, documentation, and observation. The data analysis technique is paired sample t-test. The independent variable is students before taking tutoring and students after following tutoring as the dependent variable. Based on paired sample t-test. It was found that t-count t-table is -2.066 -1.699. The results show a positive influence and significantly showed that tutoring succeeded in improving students’ learning outcomes.
IMPROVING STUDENT CREATIVITY AND LEARNING OUTCOMES THROUGH THE PODCAST-BASED INQUIRY LEARNING MODEL
Authors: Wahyuni Anny , Sumanggar Puji , Ekawarna Ekawarna , Gano-an Jonathan C
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to increase creativity and student learning outcomes through a podcast-based inquiry learning model. This research was conducted at SMA PGRI 2 Jambi City in February-April 2022, with the subjects of this research being students of class X IPS 2. This type of research was classroom action research which was conducted six times. The data were obtained using questionnaires, observations, interviews, documentation studies, and field notes which were then analyzed through qualitative descriptive techniques. The results showed that the application of the podcast-based inquiry learning model to history subjects had gone well. The test results showed that the average value of learning outcomes had increased from 70.5 in cycle I to 83.3 in cycle VI. The average student creativity scores also increased from cycle I, with a score of 70.5 to 84.2 in cycle VI. These numbers show that the podcast-based inquiry learning model can improve student learning outcomes and creativity.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Residency Experience: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Hyman Joshua , Doolittle Benjamin
Published: February 2023

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted the residency experience, yet few qualitative studies have engaged residents for their perspectives. Our aim in this investigation was to better understand what effect the COVID-19 pandemic has had on resident learning climate and well-being and to determine how perspectives on the residency experience have changed over time. Methods: We conducted interviews from May 2020 through February 2021 with residents from the internal medicine, pediatrics, and internal medicine-pediatrics residency programs from a single, university-affiliated hospital. Validated instruments were used to quantify participants’ level of satisfaction and burnout.  A snowball sampling technique was used for recruitment. We employed thematic content analysis using a grounded theory-based approach. Results: Of the 56 residents invited to participate, 37 (66.1%) elected to do so. The first 15 interviews were completed between May 2020 and July 2020 (early COVID-19), with 22 interviews completed between December 2020 and February 2021 (late COVID-19). The residents interviewed during the late COVID-19 block were less likely to meet criteria for satisfaction (p<0.01) and thriving (p<0.05) and were more likely to endorse feeling burned out (p<0.002) compared to their peers in the early COVID-19 cohort. Four key themes emerged: changes to training and education, changes to well-being, changes to the practice of medicine, and changes to perspectives on residency. Conclusions: Residents described how the COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to a diminished sense of well-being as well as poorer clinical training. Further study should be done to determine what measures can be taken to help attenuate COVID-19-related burnout and educational compromise.
Pengaruh Konflik Peran Ganda dan Kecerdasan Emosional Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Wanita
Authors: Tsabitah Sarah , Ribhan Ribhan
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of multiple role conflict and emotional intelligence on employee performance at the University of Lampung. The type of this research is quantitative research. The sampling technique used in this research is based on probability sampling with random sampling method. The data used is primary data by distributing it to respondents, namely female lecturers who work at the University of Lampung, revealing 146 people. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis using the statistical test tool SPSS Software 18. The results of this show that multiple role conflict affects employee performance at the University of Lampung, while emotional intelligence has a positive and significant effect on employee performance at the University of Lampung.
Pola Knowledge Management UMKM dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Masyarakat Desa Sumengko
Authors: Kwanda Vania Rosalina , Widodo Moch. Wahyu
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami pola knowledge management yang di terapkan pada UMKM dan mengetahui bagaimana proses knowledge management dalam meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat. penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data di lakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara dan studi kepusakaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan pola knowledge management pada UD. RAFIESA SANTOSA yang merupakan proses kombinasi dari proses knowledge discovering, knowledge capturing, knowledge applying, dan knowledge sharing. Pada temuan proses knowledge management yang terjadi di lapangan dapat disusun menjadi tahapan proses knowledge management seperti : (a) Knowledge Discovering, meliputi penemuan awal pengetahuan (b) Knowledge Capturing, yakni tahapan penemuan pengetahuan baru, (c) Knowledge Applying, penerapan pengetahuan, (d) Knowledge Sharing, proses terjadinya transfer ilmu pengetahuan. Implikasi pola knowledge management terhadap peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat, dengan adanya proses knowledge management yang diterapkan oleh UD.RAFIESA SANTOSA memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap tingkat pertumbuhan pendapatan masyarakat. Pada UD. RAFIESA SANTOSA membagi beberapa jenis kemitraan seperti, memproduksi bulu angsa, memproduksi kepala kok bulu tangkis, dan kemasan kok bulu tangkis yang kemudian di setorkan kepada UD. RAFIESA SANTOSA. Dengan adanya sistem kemitraan ini dapat memberikan lapangan pekerjaan bagi masyarakat Desa Sumengko sehingga dapat membantu tingkat pendapatan masyarakat.
Effect of Certificate of Bank Indonesia Sharia and Indonesian Bank Seven Days Repository Rate to Inflation Ratio in Indonesia During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rahman Inayah , Ratnasari Ririn Tri , Wardhana Akhmad Kusuma
Published: February 2023

Inflation that is too low can disrupt economic stability. The new benchmark interest rate by BI, BI7DRR is expected to increase the effectiveness of monetary policy to achieve the inflation target set. Meanwhile, SBIS is one of BI's alternatives to regulate inflation in Indonesia. This study aims to observe the effect of SBIS and BI7DRR on inflation in Indonesia for the 2019-2020 period. the data were gathered from Bank Idonesia website using purposive sampling method. The independent variables in this study are BI7DRR and Indonesian bank of sharia certificate SBIS, while the dependent variable is inflation. This study used eroor correction model (ECM) to determine the effect of independent variables to dependent one. The data was monthly time series period started from January 2019 to December 2020. The results showed that there was a significant effect between the return value of the SBIS to Indonesia's inflation rate.
Pengaruh Status Sosial Ekonomi Orang Tua Terhadap Pendidikan Anak di Desa Kareloe Kecamatan Bontoramba Kabupaten Jeneponto
Authors: Nur Sanriani , Tahir Thamrin , Ahmad M. Ihsan Said , Supatminingsih Tuti , Hasan Muhammad
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui situasi dan pengaruh sosial ekonomi orang tua terhadap pendidikan anaknya di Desa Kareloe, Bontoramba, Kabupaten Jeneponto. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif karena didasarkan pada sampel sebanyak 93 responden dan 1.249 rumah tangga yang tercatat di Jeneponto, Kecamatan Kareloe, Bontoramba. Kuesioner pada skala Likert telah dikirim untuk pengumpulan data. Analisis dilakukan dengan analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis regresi linier sederhana.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat sosial ekonomi orang tua berpengaruh baik dan signifikan terhadap pendidikan anaknya di Desa Kareloe Kecamatan Bontorambe Kabupaten Jeneponto. Variabel-variabel ini memiliki hubungan yang kuat, dan ditunjukkan nilai 0,394. Berdasarkan batasan Tabel > tabel, sig 0,05, dan nilai konstanta 17.510 dan t tabel 1,661 Artinya H1 diterima dan H0 ditolak, artinya status sosial ekonomi orang tua (X) sangat penting bagi pendidikan anaknya (Y). Hal ini menunjukkan bagaimana status sosial ekonomi orang tua di Desa Kareloe, Bontoramba, Jeneponto mempengaruhi pendidikan anak-anaknya.
Pemanfaatan Media Dalam Promosi Pariwisata Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Kepulauan Selayar (Studi Pada Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Kepulauan Selayar)
Authors: Vedrian Regal , Rakib Muhammad , Mustari Mustari , Muhammad Muhammad , Said Ahmad Muhammad Ihsan
Published: February 2023

This study aimed towas to determine the utilization of tourism promotion media used by the Tourism and Culture Office of the Selayar Islands Regency in an effort to increase Regional Original Income. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Informants in this study were officials of the Department of Tourism and Culture of the Selayar Islands Regency and tourists who visited tourist attractions in the Selayar Islands. Collecting data using interview, observation, and documentation methods. The results showed that the Department of Tourism and Culture of the Selayar Islands Regency in promoting tourism uses 4 promotion mixes, namely advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, and public relations. However, promotional activities have not been able to increase the Regional Original Income of the tourism sector through the number of tourist visits. Regional levies for the tourism sector are only able to contribute no more than 0.5% of the Regional Original Income (PAD) of the Selayar Islands Regency.
Analisis Pergeseran Perilaku Konsumtif Mahasiswa Pendidikan Ekonomi di Masa Covid-19
Authors: Putri Rahmah Dianti , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Pujiati Pujiati
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pergeseran perilaku mahasiswa di masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif verifikatif dengan pendekatan ex post facto. Proposal ini menggunakan tehnik Simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 72 orang mahasiswa Pendidikan Ekonomi Universitas Lampung. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat memberi kontribusi pemikiran dan pengetahuan khasanah keilmuan ekonomi yang berkaitan dengan pergeseran perilaku konsumtif mahasiswa khususnya di tengah Pandemi Covid-19.
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika Kelas V SD
Authors: Sari Yufita , Asnawati Rini , Perdana Ryzal
Published: February 2023

Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah masih rendahnya kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa kelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika kelas V SD. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen. Desain penelitian Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 149 siswa. Sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas V di SDN Dwikora dengan kelas VA sebagai kelas eksperimen yang berjumlah 23 siswa dan kelas VB sebagai kelas kontrol yang berjumlah 27 siswa dengan jumlah sampel 50 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yaitu tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika kelas V SD.
Daya Tahan UMKM di Era Tatanan Baru dan Disrupsi Digital Jawa Tengah
Authors: Syakoer Mukaromah , Yujana Lalu Hendry , Nugroho Kunto
Published: February 2023

Diskursus Daya Tahan UMKM Jawa Tengah di era tatanan baru, diimplementasikan dalam satu kebijakan Transformasi Digital. Bentuk-bentuk pelatihan penjualan online serta bimbingan teknis untuk mendorong dan menstimulus pelaku UMKM menuju digitalisasi menjadi bagian integral upaya Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini mengkaji secara empiris tren positif potensi kebijakan Transformasi Digital bagi UMKM dalam kaitannya dengan era tatanan baru. Lebih jauh, penelitian KTI ini melihat dari sudut pandang fenomena disrupsi digital dalam skala konteks spasial Jawa Tengah yang selanjutnya diuji dalam kerangka kebijakan Tranformasi digital yang dikembangkan oleh Pemerintah Jawa Tengah. Penekenanan pada pendekatan metode kualitatif, Wawancara mendalam, Observasi lapangan dan Catatan lapangan terhadap stakeholder kunci,, baik sektor publik (Pemerintah Provinsi dan Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota) serta sektor swasta (Sophee, Tokopedia, Dana, Rumah BUMN, serta Perusahaan Logistik) dan masyarakat pelaku UMKM, menjadi kerangka fundamental dalam menyusun uraian ilmiah penelitian KTI. Hasil riset ini menunjukkan bahwa konsistensi program Transformasi Digital di Jawa Tengah masih berkutat pada sektor pelatihan pemasaran digital dengan mendorong pemanfaatan platform E-commerce yang ada. Ditinjau dari sejumlah karakteristik disrupsi yang terjadi, Pemerintah Jawa Tengah memerlukan penguatan pada literasi digital pada tataran kebijakan, kedaulatan kebijakan terhadap E platform yang beroperasi, identifikasi terhadap indikator jejaring logistik dan upaya komprrhensif terkait dengan advokasi daya keberpihakan pada UMKM lokal terhadap porsentase produk impor yang beredar secara bebas dalam E-platform. Oleh karena itu, dengan melihat satu sisi potensi perkembangan ekonomi digital dimasa yang akan datang namun masih kurangnya intensitas kebijakan yang memayungi ritme disrupsi digital, hasil KTI ini juga mengerecutkan sebuah rekomendasi perlunya peta jalan digital Jawa Tengah yang harus diinisiasi dengan adanya Tim Task Force ekonomi digital sebagai langkah institusionalisasi isu.
Analisis Pengetahuan Investasi, Return dan Risiko Terhadap Minat Berinvestasi Online di Aplikasi Bibit (Studi Kasus Pada Generasi Millenial)
Authors: Aryanti Dwi Nanda
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh investasi, return, dan risiko terhadap minat investasi di Bibit pada generasi millenial. Variabel independen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengetahuan investasi, return, dan risiko. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah minat investasi. Populasi penelitian ini berjumlah 10.000 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin sehingga jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 100 orang. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel pengetahuan investasi, return , dan risiko masing - masing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat berinvestasi di Bibit
Podhod k klasterizacii pacientov po mikrochipovym dannym vnutri otdel'nyh lokusov s ispol'zovaniem kombinacij variantov
Authors: Юльметова Л. Н. , Кулемин Н. А. , Шарова Е. И.
Published: February 2023

Distrofiya rogovicy Fuksa yavlyaetsya social'no znachimym nasledstvennym zabolevaniem. Bolee poloviny sluchaev v evropejskoj populyacii vyzvany uvelicheniem chisla trinukleotidnyh povtorov v gene TCF4. Cel'yu issledovaniya bylo razrabotat' i proverit' podhod razdeleniya pacientov na gruppy na osnove rezul'tatov chip-genotipirovaniya i polnogenomnogo associativnogo issledovaniya (GWAS). V kachestve iskhodnyh dannyh ispol'zovali datasety FECD Genetics Multi-center Study i proekta AREDs v kolichestve 1721 klinicheskih sluchaev i 2408 kontrol'nyh pacientov. Pri analize rezul'tatov GWAS bylo provedeno razdelenie pacientov i gruppy kontrolya na dve gruppy metodom ierarhicheskoj klasterizacii s uchetom predpolozheniya, chto pacienty s uvelichennym chislom povtorov v gene TCF4 imeyut opredelennye sochetaniya genomnyh variantov (gaplotipov). Pokazano, chto odinochnye varianty ne mogut byt' ispol'zovany dlya molekulyarno-geneticheskoj klassifikacii pacientov s uvelichennym chislom povtorov v gene TCF4 iz-za rassoglasovannosti rezul'tatov po variantam. Pri etom gaplotipnyj podhod prevzoshel analiziruemye varianty po parametru otnosheniya shansov, perekryvaya 95%-j doveritel'nyj interval vyborok dvuh eksperimental'nyh issledovanij. Predlozhennyj metod pozvolyaet prodolzhat' poisk biologicheski obosnovannyh sochetanij genomnyh variantov.
Opioid-related deaths in Kingston, Frontenac, Lennox and Addington in Ontario, Canada: the shadow epidemic
Authors: Parent Stephanie , Buttemer Samantha , Philpott Jane , Moore Kieran
Published: February 2023

Introduction

In the Kingston, Frontenac, Lennox and Addington (KFL&A) health unit, opioid overdoses are an important preventable cause of death. The KFL&A region differs from larger urban centres in its size and culture; the current overdose literature that is focussed on these larger areas is less well suited to aid in understanding the context within which overdoses take place in smaller regions. This study characterized opioidrelated mortality in KFL&A, to enhance understanding of opioid overdoses in these smaller communities.

Methods

We analyzed opioid-related deaths that occurred in the KFL&A region between May 2017 and June 2021. Descriptive analyses (number and percentage) were performed on factors conceptually relevant in understanding the issue, including clinical and demographic variables, as well as substances involved, locations of deaths and whether substances were used while alone.

Results

A total of 135 people died of opioid overdose. The mean age was 42 years, and most participants were White (94.8%) and male (71.1%). Decedents often had the following characteristics: being currently or previously incarcerated; using substances alone; not using opioid substitution therapy; and having a prior diagnosis of anxiety and depression.

Conclusion

FSpecific characteristics such as incarceration, using alone and not using opioid substitution therapy were represented in our sample of people who died of an opioid overdose in the KFL&A region. A robust approach to decreasing opioid-related harm integrating telehealth, technology and progressive policies including providing a safe supply would assist in supporting people who use opioids and in preventing deaths.
Utilisation des arbres décisionnels dans la recherche en surveillance de la santé de la population : application aux données d’enquête sur la santé mentale des jeunes de l’étude COMPASS
Authors: Battista Katelyn , Diao Liqun , Patte Karen A. , Dubin Joel A. , Leatherdale Scott T.
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Dans la recherche en surveillance de la santé de la population, les données d’enquête sont couramment analysées à l’aide de méthodes de régression. Or ces méthodes disposent d’une capacité limitée à analyser les relations complexes. À l’opposé, les modèles d’arbres décisionnels sont parfaitement adaptés pour segmenter les populations et étudier les interactions complexes entre facteurs, et leur utilisation dans la recherche en santé est en pleine croissance. Cet article fournit un aperçu de la méthodologie des arbres décisionnels et de leur application aux données d’enquête sur la santé mentale des jeunes.

Methods

La performance de deux techniques courantes de construction d’arbres décisionnels, soit l’arbre de classification et de régression (CART) et l’arbre d’inférence conditionnelle (CTREE), est comparée aux modèles classiques de régression linéaire et logistique par le biais d’une application aux résultats en santé mentale des jeunes de l’étude COMPASS. Les données ont été recueillies auprès de 74 501 élèves de 136 écoles au Canada. L’anxiété, la dépression et le bien‑être psychologique ont été mesurés, de même que 23 variables sociodémographiques et facteurs de prédiction des comportements liés à la santé. La performance du modèle a été évaluée au moyen de mesures de prédiction de l’exactitude, de la parcimonie et de l’importance relative des variables.

Results

Les modèles d’arbres décisionnels et les modèles de régression ont systématiquement mis en évidence les mêmes ensembles de facteurs de prédiction les plus importants pour chaque résultat, ce qui indique un niveau général de concordance entre méthodes. Trois modèles ont présenté une exactitude prédictive plus faible, mais se caractérisent par une plus grande parcimonie et accordent une importance relative plus élevée aux principaux facteurs de différenciation.

Conclusion

Les arbres décisionnels permettent de cerner les sous-groupes à risque élevé qu’il convient de cibler dans le cadre des efforts de prévention et d’intervention. Ils constituent donc un outil utile pour répondre aux questions de recherche auxquelles les méthodes de régression classiques ne peuvent pas répondre.
Évolution et déterminants de la vaccination contre la grippe saisonnière après une maladie cardiovasculaire au Canada : étude transversale pancanadienne répétée
Authors: Cho Hanna , Houle Sherilyn K. D. , Alsabbagh Wasem
Published: February 2023

Introduction

La vaccination annuelle contre la grippe est recommandée aux personnes ayant des antécédents de maladie cardiovasculaire. Nous avons étudié 1) l’évolution de la vaccination antigrippale entre 2009 et 2018 chez les Canadiens ayant été victimes d’une maladie cardiovasculaire et 2) les déterminants de la vaccination dans cette population au cours de la période.

Methods

Nous avons utilisé des données de l’Enquête sur la santé dans les collectivités canadiennes (ESCC). L’échantillon à l’étude était constitué de répondants de 2009 à 2018, âgés de 30 ans et plus, ayant été victimes d’une maladie cardiovasculaire (infarctus du myocarde ou accident vasculaire cérébral) et ayant fourni leur statut vaccinal contre la grippe. Une analyse pondérée a été effectuée pour déterminer l’évolution du taux de vaccination. Nous avons utilisé une analyse de régression linéaire pour l’évolution et une analyse de régression logistique à plusieurs variables pour les déterminants de la vaccination antigrippale. Les variables choisies étaient des facteurs sociodémographiques, des caractéristiques cliniques, des comportements liés à la santé et les interactions avec le système de santé.

Results

Durant la période à l’étude, le taux de vaccination a été généralement stable dans notre échantillon de 42 000 sujets, se situant aux alentours de 58,9 %. Plusieurs déterminants de la vaccination ont été établis : un âge avancé (rapport de cotes ajusté [RCA] = 4,28; intervalle de confiance à 95 % [IC à 95 %] : 4,24 à 4,32], un accès régulier à un professionnel de la santé (RCA = 2,39; IC à 95 % : 2,37 à 2,41) et le fait de ne pas fumer (RCA = 1,48; IC à 95 % : 1,47 à 1,49). Le seul facteur associé à une diminution de la probabilité de vaccination était le travail à temps plein (RCA = 0,72; IC à 95 % : 0,72 à 0,72).

Conclusion

Le taux de vaccination antigrippale reste inférieur au niveau recommandé pour les patients ayant des antécédents de maladie cardiovasculaire. D’autres recherches sont à mener sur l’efficacité des interventions pour augmenter la vaccination dans cette population.
Injuries among Canadian children and youth: an analysis using the 2019 Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth
Authors: Wang Chinchin , Toigo Stephanie , Zutrauen, Sarah , McFaull, Steven R. , Thompson Wendy
Published: February 2023

This work provides an overview of injury patterns in Canadian children and youth aged 1 to 17 years. Self-reported data from the 2019 Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth were used to calculate estimates for the percentage of Canadian children and youth who experienced a head injury or concussion, broken bone or fracture, or serious cut or puncture within the last 12 months, overall and by sex and age group. Head injuries and concussions (4.0%) were the most commonly reported, but the least likely to be seen by a medical professional. Injuries most frequently occurred while engaging in sports, physical activity or playing.
陶淵明的文學史地位新論
Authors: 張 伯偉
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
陶淵明研究雖經一千五百年之久，但對於他在文學史上的地位，迄今爲止，尚未能得到確切的説明，其癥結在於未能把握住文學史的核心命題。從中國文學批評的傳統來看，文學史的核心命題是“文體”。所謂“文體”，是對文學作品的總體風貌或樣式的概括，對應於西方文論，一近似於風格，一近似於體裁，其特色是综合了二者，是文學性的集中體現。陶淵明是少有的文體大師，他兼采不同文類，融鑄新體；他不守成規舊矩，嘗試新體。無論詩文辭赋，他都有令人驚異的構想，爲自己所要表達的找到最佳的表達方式。因此，他不僅在文體上有很大創造，而且一旦創造便屬完美，成爲文學史上的典範。本文以中國傳統文學批評的“推源溯流”作爲研究方法的基石，以“文體”作爲討論的核心，意在針對今日中國文學研究中存在的兩大問題，即文學本體的缺失和理論性的缺失，企圖對之有所改善或改變。Despite 1,500 years of scholarship on Tao Yuanming (365— 427), no definitive explanation of his place in the literary history of China has been given. This is because the core issue for the study of literary history has yet to be accurately identified. In light of traditional Chinese literary criticism, this core issue is about “genre”. The attribute of “genre” refers to the general style or form of a given oeuvre. This definition corresponds to two aspects in Western literary theory, namely style and genre. The Chinese concept combines both of these aspects and intensively illustrates the literariness of a given oeuvre.
Tao Yuanming was an unusual master of genres. He adopted various writing forms and invented new ones. He did not conform to rules but tried to write in new forms. In his poetry (shi), prose, and rhapsodies (ci fu), he presented startling innovation in his search for the best forms of presentation for his ideas. Not only was he creative, he also achieved perfection in his new form of presentation. For this reason his writing became a model in literary history.
Using the basic method of “locating the source by tracing the stream” in traditional literary criticism, the present study focuses on “genres”. It aims to correct or change two major shortcomings in the basics of literature and theorization respectively.
元雜劇的文本形式與演劇形態
Authors: 陳 建森
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

本文从話語語義、功能及其言説方式的角度，以共時性的視角，解析元雜劇諸“文本”之間的相互關聯及其組合關係，提出中國戲曲的“劇場交流語境”理论，描述元雜劇審美生成之途徑。本文認爲：1.元雜劇是在宋元瓦舍勾欄生態環境中孕育出來，以滿足觀衆休閑娱樂、散悶消愁的精神需求的消費型藝術。2.元雜劇主要有代言性演述、演述干預、打諢、科介和插演五种文本形式：代言性演述文本爲演劇主體；演述干預文本控制戲場演述進程、溝通戲臺上下的交流互動，引導觀衆審美取向；打諢文本、科介文本和插演文本保證“場上”演劇和戲臺上下交流互動的順利進行。3.元雜劇演述者巧妙地使自身具有演員、行當、劇中人物三重身份，從而能够交織會通前代雜戲和説唱藝人的“演”和“述”的伎藝。4.元雜劇演員、“行當”、劇中人物都是功能性的演述者。他们可以根據劇情演述或者觀衆接受的需要，靈活轉换演述身份，自由地穿梭於演員與觀衆、“行當”與觀衆、劇中“人物”與觀衆、劇中人物與人物之間四重主要的劇場交流語境，一邊扮演人物，一邊演述故事，一邊進行演述干預，一邊與觀衆展開交流互動，與觀衆一同在劇情虚構域、審美遊戲域和現實生活域中遊戲與娱樂。從文本形式上看，元雜劇的演劇是在演員、“行當”、劇中人物和觀衆之間的交流語境中展開的，但是，從戲場中主體間性的角度來考察，這種交流的實質是劇作家、演述者（演員、行當、劇中人物）和場上觀衆之間的審美互動，由此而生成元雜劇獨特的劇場交流系統。5.“劇場交流語境”和“劇場交流系統”的形成即意味着元雜劇演劇形態的形成，也即意味着元雜劇的審美生成。元雜劇是在元代戲場時空中共處的互相關聯的文本所組成的一種文本間的共同體，貫穿這一“文本間的共同體”的是演述者直接向劇場觀衆的“演”和“述”。因此，元雜劇不是“叙述體”，也不是“代言體”，而是“演述體”。From the perspectives of discourse semantic and function, this treatise analyzes the Yuan drama’s mutual and combined relation, puts forward theater - communicating situation theory, and describes the means of Yuan drama’s aesthetic shaping. This treatise holds the standpoint as follows: 1. Blooming in a society of entertainment and amusement during Song and Yuan dynasty, Yuan drama is a kind of consumable art for comfort and pleasure. 2. Yuan drama consists of five context forms: representative role discourse, histrionic intervene, impromptu comic gesture or remark, dummy activity, and episode performance. The first one takes the main part in the Yuan drama’ s performance; the second controls drama’ s process and helps actor communicate with audience; the next three forms cooperate to make sure that the drama can perform glibly. 3. The actors of Yuan drama skillfully dedicate themselves to three identities: actor or actress, type roles, and character in the drama. By this means the actors can be competent for both performer and narrator. 4. The actors can change their role quickly according to audience’ s need or the course of drama, they are good at controlling the situation, thus, they can do acting while showing, or chiming when communicating. They as well as audiences can also enjoy the game and amusement from drama on Scenario - dummy region, Aesthetic 一 game region and true-life region. 5. The forming of theater-communicating situation results in appreciation of drama’s performance. Yuan drama is a combination of performance and narration instead of a simple description or activity, which undertake the drama’ s showing and keeps communication between performer and the audience.
清末北京官話的句法特點——以幾部域外北京官話資料爲例
Authors: 張 美蘭
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
本文選取幾部域外十九世紀末反映北京官話的資料《語言自邇集》、《燕京婦語》、《談論新篇》、《官話指南》、《官話類編》等，描寫其中反映北京話特點的八種句式。這些句式大部分是清末北京官話中新出現的句式，還有部分是區别於南方話而具有北京官話地域特點的句式。文章認爲：域外北京官話資料反映了北京話口語的真實面貌，是研究北京話的極好的素材。This paper selects and investigates a series of colloquial Pekinese textbooks such as Yü Yen Tzǔ Êrh Chi, yan jing fit yu, Tan lun xin bian, Guanhua Zhinan, Mandarin Lessons and also some historical documents that reflect the features of the Mandarin in the late 19th century. Eight sentence patterns (or syntactic features) which reflect the characteristics of Beijing dialect are identified. Most of these syntactic features emerged in the late Qing Dynasty, while some other sentence patterns have the geographical characteristics of colloquial Pekinese which are different from those of the southern Mandarin. It is thus concluded that these documents keep a faithful record of the Colloquial Language of Beijing dialect of that time, which will play an important role in the academic study of the Beijing Colloquial Language.
魯迅《在酒樓上》的叙事方式再探
Authors: 陳 德錦
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

本文以叙事文學的特點和效果爲基點，對有關《在酒樓上》幾個經常爲人討論的問題（第一人稱叙述、多層叙述、複調的運用等）再予審視，指出主人公吕緯甫是一個有充分話語權的主體，他的話語是一個有獨立思維的人對外在世界的回應，並以此説明《在酒樓上》的藝術成就不在於它是魯迅本人思想的直接表白，而在於轉化各種話語，形成對話性，讓讀者不單聽到知識分子及下層人民的心聲，也聽到作者批評時代和審判自我的獨特回聲。Focused on the characteristics and effects of narrative, this essay reexamines some of the most discussed topics on Lu Xun’s “In the Wineshop”, such as first-person narrative, multi-level narrative, polyphony, etc. It points out that Lü Weifu, the protagonist in the story, is a subject who holds full authority in the narrative, and his discourse represents a response to the outer world from a person with independent thinking. In this light, the essay concludes that the achievement of the story rests not on the premise that it is the direct expression of Lu Xin’s thoughts, but on its adaptation of several discourses to make it dialogic, which allows readers to listen to the voices of both the intellectual and the lower class, as well as the distinct echoes of the author in criticising the world and judging himself.
戰國郭店竹簡《語叢一》“夫生百物人爲貴”句釋解——兼論郭店簡與郭店墓之年代
Authors: 黄 人二
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

戰國郭店竹簡《語叢一》第一八簡云：“夫生百物，人爲貴。”以諸出土與傳世文獻材料互相比較勘驗，知簡文《語叢一》之“夫”字，乃“天”字之誤摹。時代愈早之文獻，出自於地下之發掘（或盜掘），於内容上，理應最爲接近事實。然事理有不如是而適相反者，此其顯例。比對結果，知郭店竹簡“夫〔天〕生百物，人爲貴”一句，乃孔子之言論，而爲孔門弟子及再傳弟子所記載者。由《孝經》曾子曰“敢問聖人之德”句，知其與政治有關。“聖人”爲先秦諸子於政治上或道德上最高階層之人（於某些子書則不盡如是，但大致可以成立），落實到現實政治，則具體實指戰國楚國其時之君王楚懷王，但因墓主之身份可能爲太子太傅，故其人亦可能指當時的太子，即後來即位之楚頃襄王。而以前者的可能和機率較高。戰國郭店墓於考古學上的絶對下限約在公元前300年左右，依照其時其地的政治現況，與夫本文對於“天生百物，人爲貴”句的分析，有幾種可能：（1）若其確指楚懷王在位之最後一年，則年代應定爲公元前299年；（2）若指楚頃襄王之初始即位，爲公元前298年；（3）若指楚懷王之高壽享年（即客死於秦），便是公元前297年。四種不同之年代，於時間上，均極爲接近。然因有書面文字的暗示，考古學上之年代，似可往下修正一至三年。The 18th Slip of Yu Cong 1 from the Warring Period Guodian Bamboo Slips said, "Fu breeds all creatures, and man counts most." Based upon cross references between the excavated and handed-down document material, I have discovered that the “Fu” in the Yu Gong 1 is actually a misplacement for “Sky” or “God”. Generally speaking, scripts that are from earlier ages, especially excavated from underground or illegally operated, should be closer to reality. However, if there are examples opposite to the statement, one prominent example is this case.

According to the cross reference, the sentence "Fu [God] breeds all creatures, and man counts most" from the Guodian Bamboo Slip actually came from Confucius, which were handed down by his pupils and the pupils of his pupils. From the sentence asked by Chen-tse in “Shou-gin” - “What is the virtue of the saints?”, we know it was about politics. “Saints” were the highest in the ranking of politics or ethics in pre-chin period (while it is not necessarily so in some “Tse” books, this statement stands in most of the cases), and when these saints, when searched for real political examples, were in reality referred to the monarch Chu Whi-wong from Chu Kingdom during the warring period. Yet there is this possibility that because the tomb owner was likely to be the grand mater of the young monarch, the monarch could also refer to then young monarch, namely, the later successor Chu Chin-shon-wong. The former stands better chance and probability though.

Archeologically speaking, the absolute minimum year for the Warring Period Guodian Slips falls around 300 B. C. Based upon the political status quo at that time, and the current analysis of the sentence “Fu breeds all creatures, and man counts most”, there are three possibilities. First, if it actually refers to the last year of Chu Whi-wong on seat, then the date should be marked on 299 B. C. Second, if it refers to the initial year of Chu Chi-shon-wong’ s succession to the crown, then it should be 298 B. C. Third, if it refers to the last year of Chu Whi-wong’ s life (who passed away in Ching), then it should be on 297 B. C. These four different dates fall rather closely in time. However, as suggested from the textual literacy, archeological years can be more than from one to three years.
知識之航與歷史想像：重讀吳興華
Authors: 張 松建
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

吳興華是中國新詩史上一位才華與學養兼具、但却長期遭受忽視的作家。本文從新格律詩實驗與古典新詮這兩個角度出發，通過對詩歌文本的細讀和文學譜系的勾畫，重探吳詩的特色、成就及靈感源泉。作者肯定吳詩對知識、技藝和内心體驗的追求爲新詩實踐提供了進路與可能，也試圖考察其詩學方案的内在危機和緊張。This paper intends to re-explore the poems by Wu Xinghua, an unknown and forgotten poet in 1930-40s China. Through textually analyzing Wu’s poems and re-mapping the literary genealogy, the paper investigates Wu’s notorious experiments of metrical poetry and his re-interpretation of classical allusions, two prominent contributions considered to modern Chinese poetry. The author articulates the crisis and tension within Wu’s lyrical poetics as well as his pursuit of knowledge, craftsmanship, and subject experience.
《清代李商隱詩歌接受史稿》
Authors: 李 金坤
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.

近年來，我國學術界呈現出日益喜人的文學接受史研究的新景象。有關此類的博士論文選題便佔有一定的份量，産生了不少高水平的學術著作，開創了學術史研究的新局面。米彦青君在其博士論文基礎上修訂出版的專著《清代李商隱詩歌接受史稿》（中華書局，2007年版。下文簡稱《史稿》），便是其中的佼佼者。作者懷抱對學術事業的一腔忠誠和對研究對象的滿腔熱愛，以爲往聖繼絶學的宏闊胸襟，堅持實事求是的科學態度與行之有效的研究方法，爲學界奉獻了一份清代李商隱詩歌接受史研究的最新成果，真是可喜可賀，可欽可慕。欣讀《史稿》，甚獲我心。該著特色鮮明，主要有三：一是縱横交錯，重點突出；二是實事求是，辨異立新；三是筆蘸摯情，綿麗雅婉。筆者試爲簡評之。(撮要取自內文首段)
《人與人間：蕭軍回憶録》
Authors: 張 釗貽
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.

蕭軍是中國現代文學史上有名的作家，自1948年所辦哈爾濱《文化報》遭批判而離開文壇三十年，“四人幫”垮台後才復出。蕭軍有影響的作品其實不多，他引人注意的部分原因是跟蕭紅和魯迅的關係，還有他在延安文藝座談會前後的經歷。蕭軍復出後出過兩本書，基本上解答了跟蕭紅和魯迅的種種問題。 關於延安的遭遇，在他平反後也陸續披露了一些，其中有蕭軍夫人王德芬的《蕭軍在延安》，及王德芬整理的蕭軍《難忘的延安歲月》，前者收入《我和蕭軍風雨50年》。此外還有當事人何其芳和胡喬木的回憶。不過這些材料有時互相矛盾。2006年蕭軍女兒蕭耘和女婿王建中輯録出版蕭軍回憶録《人與人間——蕭軍回憶録》（以下簡稱《人與人間》），才提供了更詳細可靠的資料。(撮要取自內文首段)
《六朝南方神仙道教與文學》
Authors: 劉 屹
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.

在中國中古文學硏究領域中，“道教與文學”一直是個引人關注的主題。從以往的硏究來看，“道教”與“文學”各有各的立場和出發點，硏究者總要有所側重。如李豐楙先生，就是立足於道教來硏究“遊仙詩”和“仙道類文學”，並取得豐碩成果。更多的硏究者是從文學史的立場，以具體的文學作品參照現成的道教史背景來展開硏究，對道教史本身遠不及對文學作品本身著力多。本書作者趙益先生似乎不能算是一個專門的道教硏究者，但他從文獻學和文學史硏究立場來審視現有的道教史，竟然頗有重要的新見。可以説，本書以一個看似“外行”的角度，對早期道教史本身提出了一系列十分“内行”的反思；同時也對六朝文學硏究，從基本理論到具體個案，都提出一些新看法，因而很値得中古道教學界和文學界給予足够的重視。(撮要取自內文首段)
《危機下的中文》
Authors: 王 宇弘
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.

華東師範大學潘文國教授是著名語言學者，也是國内對比語言學研究的領軍人物，著述頗豐，2008年又推出新作《危機下的中文》。筆者對於書中觀點深爲認同，故此推介與讀者共享。2005年，朱競主編的《漢語的危機》出版，書中薈萃了當代學人對漢語危機的憂慮與思考，社會反響强烈。但因書中作者多無語言學和漢語研究專業背景，在國内語言學界幾乎没有引起任何震動。然而本文進行述評的這本專著情形似乎有所不同——作者潘文國教授多年從事漢語語言學、理論語言學、對比語言學和翻譯學研究，立足于漢、英語言事實的對比與反思，爲徹底擺脱印歐語窠臼、真正發掘漢語特點探出了一條新路，建立了獨樹一幟的漢語研究觀和翻譯觀。潘教授中西兼通、學養深厚，深知漢、英兩種語言特性之所在，熟稔兩種語言自近代以來的糾葛，因此相信這樣一部專門討論“中文危機”的著作會引起學界同行的認真關注。(撮要取自內文首段)
《古文字譜系疏證》
Authors: 何 家興 , 張 學城
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.

《説文解字》的問世宣告了漢語文字學的正式創立。它是中國文字學史上的一座里程碑，至今仍發揮著重要作用。長期以來，傳統漢字研究以《説文》爲中心，日益顯露出其局限性。由於出土資料的缺失等原因，先秦漢字發展史的研究長期處於停滯狀態。王國維先生説：“古來新學問之起，大都由於新發見之賜。”自甲骨文發現後的百餘年來，地不吝寳，大量先秦和秦漢文字資料相繼出土，使得古文字學研究得到了長足的發展，因此古代漢字發展演進的歷史面貌才得以清晰地呈現出來。在這一歷史背景下，中國文字學會會長、安徽大學教授黄德寬先生申報並主持了國家社會科學基金重點項目“商周秦漢漢字發展沿革譜系研究”。課題組進行了艱苦細緻的研究工作，歷時8年乃成，其最終成果《古文字譜系疏證》（下文簡稱《譜系》）一書由商務印書館於2007年出版，被列入社科基金優秀成果文庫。這是一部期待已久的巨著，一經出版即引起文字學界廣泛關注。(撮要取自內文首段)
由“無我之境”到“詩中有畫”：抒情主體之道
Authors: 鄺 龑子
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

在《人間詞話》中，王國維把詩詞的境界分爲有我之境及無我之境兩大類。二者是根據不同的抒情方式及審美經驗對境界所作出的區别，涉及意境中藝術主體與客體的關係、主體在藝術意境中的份量和位置、藝術意境的美感效果等問題。《人間詞話》采用傳統詩話詞話的體式，語焉不詳，復受叔本華美學的影響，帶有移花接木的痕迹，其體系尚未達致完全協調，容易引起各種爭議。藝術邏輯中没有絶對的無我之境；它可説是一個方便對比的速記式假名。本文以爲不必太熱切將叔本華的美學移植到《人間詞話》的架構裏，因爲《人間詞話》的核心美學精神，畢竟立足於中國古典抒情美學的範圍。有我之境和無我之境源自詩詞中一個根本性的美學及哲學課題；本文會從抒情主體及 詩中有畫的角度略陳管見。In Renjian cihua, Wang Guowei differentiates poetic inscape into personal and impersonal inscapes. These are distinguished in terms of lyrical mode and aesthetic experience, involving such factors as the relationship between the artistic subject and object, the weight and position of the subject in the artistic inscape, and its aesthetic effects. Adopting the style of traditional shihua/ cihua remarks, Renjian cihua is pithily written and at times controversially ambiguous, showing transplanted elements of Schopenhauen aesthetics not fully blended into an integral system. In terms of artistic logic, there can be no entirely impersonal poetic inscape; the term is expedient shorthand to sharpen comparison. While acknowledging German influences on Wang, this essay sees no necessity to transplant Schopenhauen aesthetics to Renjian cihua, whose core spirit is ultimately rooted in classical Chinese aesthetics. The question of personal or impersonal inscape stems from a fundamental aesthetic and philosophical issue in classical Chinese poetry; this essay relates the question to the lyrical subject and painterliness in poetry.
“電影”感受“政治”的瞬間：左翼思潮與上海電影文化——以《神女》爲例
Authors: 羅 崗
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

近年來對1930年代左翼電影的研究，有某種“去政治化”的趨勢，具體表現在或從微觀上發掘左翼電影與鴛鴦蝴蝶派電影之間的内在聯繫，在把它們共同歸於“商業化”氛圍的同時取消了政治的作用；或從宏觀上强調上海作爲中國電影的發源地，其深厚的電影文化積累滋養了左翼電影，同時也軟化了它的政治鋒芒，甚至認爲電影文化傳統起到了某種糾正政治偏頗的作用……上述研究確實對我們在更寬廣的背景下重 新理解“左翼電影”提供了更多的資源，但問題在於，如果取消了左翼電影的“政治性”，那麽它在中國電影歷程中的獨特地位如何來界定呢？在我看來，上海電影文化以及鴛鴦蝴蝶派電影固然對左翼電影有著極其深刻的影響，可是左翼電影却因一種新的“政治”視角介入，超越了當時的商業電影，“回溯性”地將上海電影文化中的“潛力”激發出來，從而創造了中國電影歷史上的高峰。本文將以左翼電影中較有代表性的《神女》爲例，通過對這部無聲電影的分析，揭示出“政治”因素體現爲階級觀點、底層視角以及社會分析的眼光等等，如何轉化爲電影的影像策略和敍述技巧，從而以相當特殊的方式重新改寫對城市、階層、媒介、金錢、啓蒙和女性等現代性問題的理解。Recent scholarship on Left-Wing movies produced in the 1930s has shown a trend of “depoliticization.” From a microcosmic perspective, some deny the function of politics and instead emphasize that of the commercial atmosphere in their discussion of the intrinsic relationship between Left-Wing and Mandarin Duck-Butterfly films. Some take a macrocosmic view and blunt the political edge of Left-Wing movies in their emphasis on the ways in which these movies were nurtured by the rich, deep-rooted movie culture of Shanghai, a place that has long been seen as the birthplace of Chinese film. These critics even hold that movie culture has a function of correcting political bias. Such viewpoints indeed help us reevaluate Left-Wing movies in a much broader context. However, if “politicism” is avoided, by what other means can the unique position of Left-Wing movies in the history of Chinese film be redefined?

The author of the present essay argues that although Left-Wing movies were influenced by the movie culture of Shanghai and Mandarin Duck-Butterfly movies, Left-Wing films made their debut in an unprecedented “political” manner. They surpassed the then-prevalent commercial movies by retrospectively activating the potential of Shanghai movie culture, and reached a peak in the history of Chinese film.

The present essay focuses on silent film The Goddess, which is representative of Left-Wing movies, and analyzes the “political” elements in this type of film. These elements include class viewpoints, perspectives of the lower classes, and views of social analysis. It discusses how these “political” elements are transformed into strategic images and narrative skills, and also how the city, social classes, media, money, enlightment, women, and other issues of modernity should be reinterpreted and represented.
流放地的愛情羅曼史——米蘭ᆞ昆德拉與張賢亮比較研究之一
Authors: 張 志忠
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.

本文以昆德拉的《玩笑》與張賢亮的《緑化樹》爲例證，比較其苦難往事的經歷，自我心靈的剖析，對待情和性的關係的奇特態度，其時與其後的懺悔與覺醒等方面的異同，以求對兩位作家的價值取向進行有深度的新探索。This paper is a comparative study of two novels: The Joke by Milan Kundera and Lühua shu (Mimosa) by Zhang Xianliang. This innovative, original research aims to achieve an in-depth understanding of the value orientations of these two authors through comparing several aspects of their writing, including past suffering, analysis of their own egos, their strange attitudes toward the relationship between love and sex, and their repentance and awakening before and after affairs.
《中國近代士階層研究》
Authors: 秦 敏
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.

朝代的更替，不同民族、文明之間的文化碰撞，往往會生成燦爛的文化圖景，形成士大夫的複雜心理，造成士大夫階層的社會分化，對此，學界已有關注，如張宏生先生的《感情的多元選擇》研究宋元之際，趙園先生的《明清之際士大夫研究》研究明清之際，等等。近代歷史上的此種文化圖景更爲豐富，不僅有新舊文化的交替，更有中西的文化碰撞。對於處於此種背景之下士大夫的社會人生選擇及他們的存在形式，學界雖有不少論述，但總乏系統深人的研究，在這樣的學術背景下，可見出邵盈午先生《中國近代士階層研究》的意義。(撮要取自內文首段)