bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Lean Sigma untuk Menciptakan Lingkungan Kerja Bebas Insiden di Dept. Treat & Ship PT. CPI Duri – Riau
Authors: Zen Zayyinul hayati
Published: March 2020

In effort to build incident free operations at workplaces of Treat & Ship Department PT.Chevron Pacific Indonesia–Duri Riau, Leadership Team had to perform several efforts in many aspects. In order to focus those efforts which were performed by Leadership Team to build incident free operations at workplaces, Lean Sigma method was implemented to deliver several recommendations capturing all aspects to be focused by Leadership Team which need to be implemented to achieve better performance in Health, Environment, and Safety in order to build incident free operations at workplaces. On 2013-2014, there were 165 Nearmiss occurrences or 83 Nearmiss occurrences per year which those Nearmisses occurrences would potential to create incidents, such as: day away from work, injury, motor vehicle crash, oil spill, and fire. In this research  identified root causes of  Nearmiss occurences which potential to create incident, root causes identification done  based on “procedure and safe work practices” and “design” category by using “Fishbone” method. Systematic recommendations were obtained to focus Leadership Team efforts in order to build incident free operations at workplaces, which those recommendations consist of 18 solutions. By implementing the systematic solutions recommended to Leadership Team in order to reduce and eliminate Nearmiss occurrences also to build incident free operations at workplaces in Treat & Ship Department of PT.Chevron Pacific Indonesia–Duri Riau, it had obtained improvement results in Nearmiss occurrences which these achievements should be maintained and improved. The improvement results were Nearmiss occurrences decreased 98% from 83 Nearmiss occurrences per year on 2013-2014 became 2 Nearmiss occurrences per year on 2015 in Treat & Ship Department of PT.Chevron Pacific Indonesia–Duri Riau with financial benefit as much Rp.688,000,000 per year.
Upaya Mengurangi Volume Minyak Flushing Produk TBHQ Selama Pergantian Produk Di Mesin Kombinator 3 Pt Asianagaro Agung Jaya Menggunakan Metode PDCA
Authors: Rani Annisa mulia
Published: March 2020

PT Asianagro Agung Jaya terletak adalah perusahaan pengolahan kelapa sawit dan memproduksi makanan. Dengan varian minyak goreng, margarine dan shorthening. Semakin meningkatnya kapasitas produksi di PT Asianagro Agung Jaya , maka semakin meningkat pula pengawasan dan pengendalian terhadap kualitas. Shorthening adalah salah produk yang komoditinya tinggi. Didalam shorthening terdapat bahan antioksidan yaitu TBHQ yang sifatnya sukar untuk dihilangkan. Shorthening di produksi di mesin Kombinator 3, tidak hanya shorhening yang di produksi di mesin kombinator 3 melainkan margarine. Shorthening adalah minyak padat yang didalamnya mengandung antioksidan. Oleh karena itu setiap pergantian produk dari shorthening ke margarin membutuhkan flushing atau pencucian jalur agar produk setelah shorthening tidak terkontaminasi. Volume flushing dibutuhkan 4 Metrik Ton dengan waktu 2 jam 4 menit. Hal itu yang menjadi masalah perusahaan dikarenakan standar perusahaan untuk volume flushing hanya 1,7 Metrik Ton dan waktu yang dibutuhkan 50 menit. Berdasarkan data tersebut menunjukan bahwa tingginya volume flushing dan waktunya cukup lama.

Metode yang digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan metode PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Action). Melalui kegiatan Quality Control Circle agar diperoleh informasi – informasi dari hasil diskusi yang dapat membantu memecahkan masalah tersebut. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dari dokumen perusahaan.

Hasil penelitian ini adalah menurunkan volume flushing artinya upaya perbaikan yang dilakukan untuk menurunkan volume flushing dan waktu waktu flushing hingga sesuai dengan standar perusahaan. Setelah perbaikan dilakukan diperoleh hasil bahwa volume flushing sekarang menjadi 1,7 Metrik Ton sesuai dengan standar perusahaan dan waktu yang dibutuhkan menjadi 90 menit. Walaupun untuk penurunan waktu flushing tidak sesuai dengan yang diharap yang artinya masih jauh dari standar perusahaan tetapi mengalami penurunan.
Simulasi Perhitungan Unjuk Kerja / Performansi Boiler Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap Berbahan Bakar Batu Bara
Authors: Ridwan Abrar , Hakim Legisnal , Istana Budi , Hasugian Lobertus gunawan
Published: March 2020

Perencanaan operasional yang tepat perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan efektifitas kerja PLTU Tanjung Balai Karimun  karena berpengaruh langsung pada biaya operasional yang dikeluarkan oleh perusahaan. Performance setiap peralatan utama di PLTU khususnya Boiler perlu menjadi perhatian karena dari nilai efesiensi ini dapat dilihat langsung apakah sebuah pembangkit dapat dikatakan layak  atau tidak untuk beroperasi. Semakin tinggi nilai efesiensi dari sebuah boiler maka unjuk kerjanya di lapangan juga bagus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Menghitung performance boiler dengan metode tidak langsung sesuai standar ASME PTC-4-1 Power Test Code Steam Generating Units  sehingga dapat mengetahui neraca bahan dan energi yang lengkap untuk setiap aliran, yang dapat memudahkan dalam mengidentifikasi opsi-opsi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi boiler dan untuk memudahkan perhitungan efesiensi boiler dibuat software perhitungan yang dibangun berbasis macromedia flash.  Dengan memasukkan data yang diambil langsung dari hasil pengujian performance di PLTU Tanjung Balai Karimun dihasilkan efisiensi boiler sebesar 82,7 %, dan Hasil perhitungan menggunakan aplikasi simulasi perhitungan ditemukan losses pada gas buang sebesar 5,14 %, loosses pada hidrogen in fuel sebesar 5,34 %, losses akibat moisture in fuel sebesar 5,47 %, losses pada moisture in air sebesar 0,21 %, losses akibat pembakaran tidak sempurna sebesar 0,07 %, losses akibat radiasi dan konveksi sebesar 1,05 % dan losses akibat batu bara tidak terbakar pada fly ash sebesar 0,00008% dan losses akibat batu bara tidak terbakar pada bottom ash sebesar 0,00021%
Analisa Teoritis Laju Aliran Kalor Pada Ketel Uap Pipa Api Mini Industri Tahu Di Tinjau Dari Koefisien Perpindahan Panas Menyeluruh
Authors: Hakim Legisnal
Published: March 2020

Ketel uap pada industry Tahu merupakan alat pendukung dalam proses pengolahan tahu, yang secara tidak langsung menjadi bagian yang terpenting untuk meningkatkan produktivitas pengolahan Tahu di dunia industry kecil, menengah dan besar pada pabrik Tahu. Pada rancangan ketel uap pipa api mini dari PDP 1 (2014) bahwa laju aliran kalor pada pipa api belum dilakukan analisa teoritis, untuk itu perlu dilakukan penghitungan laju aliran kalor  berdasarkan panjang pipa, diameter pipa atau tebal pipa, serta konduktivitas thermal pada bahan pipa dan juga koefisien perpindahan panas, dari ketel uap pipa api mini ini bahwa terjadi perpindahan panas secara radiasi, konduksi dan konveksi. Dari PDP 1 sudah dihasilkan spesifikasi ketel dan modelnya, yaitu ketel uap pipa api dan berbentuk horizontal, yang memiliki spesifikasi diameter drum 1000 mm, panjang drum 1200 mm, tebal plat drum 5 mm, diameter pipa api 125 mm, tebal 2,5 mm, tebal tubesheet 5 mm, jarak antara pipa api  203,2 mm, diameter pipa nosel 25,4 dan 50,8 mm, tebal pipa nosel 1,1 mm dan 1,24 mm. untuk sumber kalor yang di gunakan adalah sumber kalor yang dihasilkan oleh dapur dari hasil rancangan PDP 2 ( 2016 dengan temperature  dalam dapur diambil 980 0C, laju perpindahan panas dalam dapur adalah 44 kW
Analisis Perbandingan Penggunaan Magnet Roycer dan 9power Terhadap Penghematan BBM Sepeda Motor Konvensional
Authors: Fauzi Muhammad ridha , Alzikri Ilma
Published: March 2020

Dengan bertambahnya kebutuhan bahan bakar timbullah pemikiran untuk membuat suatu alat yang dapat menghemat pemakaian bahan bakar baik berupa peralatan, cairan atau pun tablet. Salah satu cara penghematan bahan bakar adalah memberikan perlakuan terhadap bahan bakar sebelum memasuki ruang bakar atau sebelum mengalami proses pembakaran. Penggunaan magnet roycer, 9power dan mencoba menggabungkan magnet roycer dan 9power, dapat mengurangi pemakain bahan bakar yang digunakan pada sepeda motor konvesional.Pengujian dilakukan secara diam (engine stand) dengan waktu yang sudah ditentukan 10 menit pada motor suzuki R 125 cc dengan kecepatan rpm 1500, 2000, 2500 dan 3000 rpm. Dari hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan, pemakaian magnet roycer dan 9power terjadi penghematan bahan bakar namun bila digabungkan magnet roycer dan 9power penghematan yang terjadi lebih besar lagi. Penghematan terjadi pada setiap kecepatan tetapi penghematan yang paling signifikan terjadi pada kecepatan 2500 rpm. Penggunaan magnet roycer dengan kecepatan 2500 rpm menghasilkan penghematan sebesar 3,3 ml, penggunaan 9power dengan kecepatan yang sama menghasilkan penghematan sebesar 5 ml. Penggabungan magnet roycer dan 9power menghasilkan penghematan yang lebih besar lagi 21,7 ml, karna hasil pembakaran yang sempurna dan pengapian yang lebih baik.
Umpan Balik Proses Pembelajaran pada Jurusan Teknik Industri FT UMJ
Authors: Rani Annisa Mulia , Prasetyawati Meri
Published: March 2020

Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi membawa perubahan disemua aspek kehidupan yang menuntut diperlukannya sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas dan unggul sehingga mampu berdaya saing tinggi. Umpan balik proses pembelajaran khususnya dosen, mahasiswa, alumni dan pengguna lulusan di jurusan teknik industri amatlah penting sehingga dapat mengetahui tentang harapan dan persepsi mereka. Oleh karena itu Jurusan Teknik Industri FT UMJ berusaha untuk memberikan pelayanan yang baik, salah satunya dengan meningkatkan kualitas proses pembelajaran sehingga mampu untuk meningkatkan daya saing dalam institusi pendidikan. Salah satu tahapan proses peningkatan adalah dengan melakukan kajian tentang proses pembelajaran melalui umpan balik dari dosen, mahasiswa, alumni, dan pengguna lulusan mengenai harapan dan persepsi mereka sehingga evaluasi dan tindak lanjut dapat segera dilakukan. Hasil rencana tindak lanjut atas umpan balik mahasiswa dalam proses pembelajaran adalah mengaktifkan dosen PA, mensosialisasikan SOP pelayanan terpadu, meningkatkan kedisiplinan jam pelayanan kepada mahasiswa, menambah jumlah beasiswa. Rencana tindak lanjut atas umpan balik dosen dalam proses pembelajaran adalah berlangganan jurnal online, menambah koleksi e-book, menambah dan memperbaiki alat pembelajaran, mengupgrade peralatan laboratorium, mengoptimalkan teknologi informasi. Rencana tindak lanjut atas umpan balik alumni adalah mensosialisasikan lapangan kerja sesuai dengan bidang teknik industri, membuat kerjasama dengan perusahaan yang dapat memberikan kesempatan lapangan kerja untuk mahasiswa. Rencana tindak lanjut atas umpan balik kompetensi lulusanmenurut pengguna adalah menyelenggarakan peningkatan integritas oleh unit AIK (Al-islam dan kemuhammadiyahan), menyelenggarakan berbagai seminar dibidang teknik industri, melakukan tes toefl di lab bahasa bagi mahasiswa baru, menggunakan ICT, proses pembelajaran menggunakan PBL (problem based learning).
Uji Tarik pada Timing Belt Mobil L300
Authors: Jusnita Jusnita , Saputra Indra
Published: March 2020

Fungsi timing belt pada mesin L300 adalah memindahkan daya dari motor ke crankshaft. Timing belt rentan mengalami kerusakan karena timing belt mengalami gesekan dengan pully. Ada beberapa penyebab kegagalan pada timing belt, seperti : tekanan kerja melebihi dari tekanan kerja timing belt yang diijinkan. Kelemahan rantai timing adalah bunyinya yang kasar sehinga membutuhkan perawatan yang maksimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kekuatan tarik dari timing belt mobil diesel L 300 menggunakan alat uji tarik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pengujian tarik menggunakan alat uji computer servo control material testing machine dengan panjang cekannya (Grif Length) 90 mm dengan membandingkan timing belt original dengan timing belt KW 1. Hasil penelitian untuk spesimen timing belt original merek Genuine Part nilai Mod 156180.34 cm2, max force 16147.2 kgf, 0,2%  79.27439Y.S kgf/cm2,  yield strength 79,27 kgf/cm2, tensile strength 104.75 kgf/cm2, elongation 6,71. Sedangkan untuk spesimen  timing belt KW 1 merek jibox didapat hasil pengujian nilai Mod 46722.70 cm2, max force 5843.2 kgf, 0,2%  27.48854 y.s kgf/cm2,  yield strength 11,21 kgf/cm2, tensile strength 37,90 kgf/cm2, elongation 8,11. material timing belt L 300 merek Genuin Part mengalami putus/gagal terjadi pada tegangan (stres)  82 Mpa dengan regangan 0,01 (10%). Sedangkan untuk material timing belt L 300 merek Jibox menglami putus/gagal pada tegangan 35 Mpa dengan regangan (7%), maka dapat kesimpulan bahwa timing belt merk Genuine part  mempunyai tegangan (stress) 83 Mpa lebih besar dibandingkan dengan material timing belt KW 1 merek Jibox 35 Mpa, sehingga selisih tegangan kedua material tersebut adalah 48 Mpa. Sedangkan untuk  nilai regangannya (strength) pada timing belt merk Geniune Part  adalah 0.01 (10%). Dan untuk  material timing belt KW 1 merk Jibox mempunyai regangan (strength) 0.07 (7%). Maka selisih kedua regangan material timing belt tersebut adalah 0,03 (3%).
Effectiveness of Physics Teaching Material Based on Contextual Static Fluid Material
Authors: Ariani Tri , Yolanda Yaspin
Published: March 2020

This study aims to determine the learning outcomes of class XI students in Lubuklinggau 6 Model State Senior High School 2018/2019 Academic Year after using contextual-based Physics teaching material for Static Fluid students and to find out the students' response to learning using contextual learning material Static Fluid class XI students in high school Negeri 6 Lubuklinggau Model 2018/2019 Academic Year. The sample of this study consisted of 23 students of class XI IPA 4 of State Senior High School 6 Model Lubuklinggau. Data collection is done by interview techniques, questionnaires, tests, and observations. The overall percentage of teaching material components is 81.82% (very good). The percentage of student responses to contextual-based teaching materials is 79.78% (very good). In addition, from the results of daily test results, the effectiveness percentage of 86.95% (very good) of students who received scores above 70 out of 10 test items. Data analysis technique used was t-test Calculated value> t table with the value of t count = 3.69 and t table = 1.717. The results of the average percentage of students in the affective realm of 89.40% (very good) and the results of the average percentage of students in the psychomotor realm of 91.30% (very good). The percentage of student responses to learning using contextual learning is 91.07% (very good). So that the use of contextual based teaching materials can be said to be valid, practical and effective.
Diabetes mellitus tipo 2: cambios densitométricos del cristalino
Authors: Silva Pacheco Morela , Chacón Chavez Karen
Published: March 2020

Introducción: La diabetes mellitus es la responsable de la quinta parte de todas las cataratas, el sistema de cámara rotatoria scheimpflug permite estudiar a profundidad los primeros cambios en la densidad de estos cristalinos, estableciendo valores densitométricos en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, con buena agudeza visual sin retinopatía diabética, y comparar dichos valores con un grupo control sin la enfermedad, desde junio de 2017 hasta marzo de 2018. Métodos: se realizó un estudio comparativo, exploratorio y prospectivo, la población y muestra estuvo compuesta por pacientes que acudieron a la consulta oftalmológica del Hospital Domingo Luciani. Resultados: todos los valores densitométricos fueron mayores en los pacientes con diabetes que en los normales. La mayor diferencia se produce en los valores del núcleo, seguido de la cápsula anterior acercándose a la significancia estadística (p=0,02) y (p=0,01) respectivamente. El 75% de los pacientes con diabetes presentaron cambios importantes en densitometría de la cápsula anterior y el 40% en el núcleo. Conclusiones: la cápsula anterior en pacientes con diabetes de menor edad (50 a 60 años) presentó valores más elevados de densitometría con relación a los controles. En los grupos de 61 a 70 y 71 a 80 los valores fueron menores; se concluye que los cambios tempranos en la cápsula anterior se deben a la diabetes. En cuanto al núcleo se observó en el grupo control un incremento progresivo de la densidad a medida que iba aumentando la edad, pero al agregarse el factor diabetes, aumentaron notablemente los valores, acentuando de esta manera la evolución de la catarata senil. La diabetes altera precozmente la densidad de la capsula anterior y núcleo.
Hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus tipo 2: impacto educativo en la calidad de vida de los pacientes
Authors: Hernández-Castillo Miriam , Blanca Ennis , Rojano-Rada Jairo , Aldana-Sandoval Mirla
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto educativo en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2) e Hipertensión arterial (HTA), y su efecto en la calidad de vida. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio intervención en comunidad, en pacientes con diagnóstico de DMT2 e HTA, en la consulta de Medicina Interna. Resultados: Participaron 314 pacientes, distribuidos en un grupo estudio (n = 160) y grupo control (n = 154). Sin diferencias en edad (p = 0,491) y sexo (p = 0,747). En la calidad de vida de pacientes DM entre pre y post charla, en cada grupo, sin diferencias entre grupos en pre-charla (p = 0,869), pero sí en post-charla (p = 0,001), siendo calidad de vida más alta en el grupo estudio (98,2%) que en grupo control (76,9%). Al evaluar los cambios entre pre y post charla, se observó que pre charla en el grupo estudio tuvo 86% de alta calidad de vida, posterior aumentó a 98,2%, cambio estadístico (p = 0,008), en grupo control en cambio, la calidad de vida pre charla fue 87% pasó a 76,9% posterior a ésta, aun así, fue un cambio significativo (p = 0,025) La calidad de vida en HTA, sin diferencias en pre y post charla. La comparación entre pre charla y post charla, en el grupo estudio, no tuvo cambios (p = 0,157) como igualmente en el grupo control (p = 0,317). Conclusiones: Se demostró el impacto positivo de un plan educativo en calidad de vida de los pacientes con diabetes, mas no en pacientes hipertensos.
Implante valvular aórtico transcatéter (TAVI) e impacto en la sobrevida del paciente
Authors: Andrade Alban Noemí Rocio , Mera Viteri Andrea Soledad , Fantoni Añazco Mateo Josué
Published: March 2020

El implante valvular aórtico transcatéter, es un procedimiento cardiovascular de mínima invasión y una alternativa frente a la intervención convencional, en insuficiencia aórtica severa. En este trabajo se realiza una revisión de las complicaciones y la sobrevida, en pacientes sometidos a TAVI, frente a remplazo aórtico tradicional. Para ello se realizó una investigación documental con información entre los años 2010-2018. El implante valvular aórtico transcatéter debe efectuarse vía transfemoral o transapical, con una válvula Core o Sapien XT, según la necesidad del individuo, para evitar la regurgitación para valvular. Con este implante disminuyen las complicaciones y se remodela el ventrículo izquierdo; reduciendo la disnea y mejorando el pronóstico vida y la tasa de mortalidad en comparación con otros métodos.
Análisis comparativo de las pautas del consejo de organizaciones internacionales de ciencias médicas (CIOMS) 2016. (Parte 1 de 3)
Authors: Vera Porrello Liliana , Reyes Jeannette , Delgado Colmenares Thais , Echenagucia Marion , Padrón-Nieves Maritza
Published: March 2020

Para la realización de investigaciones científicas en seres humanos es fundamental el cumplimiento de la Declaración de Helsinki, cuya última actualización se publicó en el 2013. Para los países de América Latina esta declaración se adaptó como las Pautas CIOMS, por lo que también fue necesario actualizar y su publicación ocurrió en el 2016. Como parte de la evaluación de la asignatura Bioética e Investigación, se solicitó a los estudiantes de la VI Cohorte de la Maestría en Bioética de la Facultad de Medicina, UCV, que realizarán un análisis comparativo de éstas con las pautas contempladas en la edición anterior del 2002 a fin de proporcionar a los investigadores un aporte en su formación y una rápida adaptación a la nueva propuesta. Para el desarrollo de estos trabajos se agruparon las pautas en grandes temas afines y se presentan en tres entregas.
Educación terapéutica en pacientes con diabetes y trastornos emocionales
Authors: Piñate Sarahi , Diaz Laura , Contreras Freddy
Published: March 2020

La diabetes mellitus (DM) se considera como un conjunto de trastornos metabólicos relacionados con la hiperglucemia, que requiere cambios en estilos de vida, en virtud de que no solo se afecta el estado físico, sino que requiere cambios que pueden influir en el estado emocional y psicosocial. Las personas con diabetes requieren de cuidados continuos orientados al control metabólico centrados en el empoderamiento, autocuidado y en la educación terapéutica para alcanzar metas y resultados orientados a minimizar la aparición de las complicaciones crónicas. Objetivo: analizar la importancia de la educación terapéutica en los pacientes con trastornos afectivos como depresión y ansiedad, asociados a la diabetes. Conclusión: la educación terapéutica como parte integral del tratamiento de la DM ha demostrado mejorar los síntomas asociados a depresión y ansiedad, lo cual podría adquirir un valor importante en el manejo de este grupo de pacientes.
Volatile Components of Two Onosma Tokat Province of Turkey
Authors: YILDIZ Gülsüm , KÖSE Yavuz Bülent , KÜRKÇÜOĞLU Mine
Published: March 2020

The genus Onosma L. (Boraginaceae) is represented in Turkey by 105 species (110 taxa), 53 of them and 1 variety are endemic for Turkey. Some species of Onosma are used as herbs, traditional medicine such as against burns, wounds and ailments (4,5).
Hydrodistilled essential oils of the aerial parts of Onosma isaurica Boiss. & Heldr. And Onosma bulbotrichum DC. were analyzed by GC and GC-MS systems, simultaneously. The oil of O. isaurica contained hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (20.3%), phytol (19.0%), farnesyl acetone (8.1%) and neophytadiene isomer I/Tetradecanal (7.0%).as main constituents. The oil of O. bulbotrichum was characterized by the occurrence of hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (11.6%), farnesyl acetone (9.9%), hexadecanal (8.8%) E-geranyl acetone (7.4%) and neophytadiene isomer I (7.3%) as major components.
Hybrid MODE/TS for Environmental Dispatch and Economic Dispatch
Authors: Chansareewittaya Suppakarn
Published: March 2020

The economic dispatch and environmental dispatch are used as problem formulas for this paper. The problem formulations are formulated as multi-objective problems. The hybrid Multi-Objective Differential Evolution/Tabu Search (MODE/TS) is developed to solve this multi-objective problems. The proposed method is applied to 2 test systems. The first test system which contains 6 generations is used as test system without any losses. Another test system which contain 10 generations is used as test system with non-flat losses by using losses co-efficiency. The constraints are used to control the power of each generation in all test systems. Test results from hybrid MODE/TS are compared with test results from original MODE under the same constraints and parameter settings. The test results indicate that the hybrid MODE/TS can determine the better optimal pareto solutions and average solution than those from original MODE. Moreover, the hybrid MODE/TS gives the outstanding solution which is far away from original DE.
BER Performance Investigation of WPM with Unknown CSI Using Time-Domain MMSE Equalization
Authors: Buddhacharya Sarbagya , Saengudomlert Poompat , Sterckx Karel
Published: March 2020

Wavelet Packet Modulation (WPM) is an emerging Multi-Carrier Modulation (MCM) technique regarded as a potential alternative to widely used Orthogonal Frequency Division multiplexing (OFDM). OFDM uses Cyclic Prex (CP) and can rely on one-tap equalization. Since WPM has overlapping symbols in the time domain, equalization cannot depend on the use of CP. This paper considers time-domain Minimum Mean-Square Error (MMSE) equalization for WPM with unknown Channel State Information (CSI), where equalizer filter coefficients are computed using known training sequences. The infuence of the transmission overhead due to training sequences on the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance is investigated considering quasistatic time-varying Rayleigh fading channels. Numerical results from computer simulations show that, with moderate overhead due to training sequences, BER performances are comparable with the case of known CSI. Furthermore, WPM is compared to OFDM with one-tap equalization, and is shown to provide better BER performances as compared to OFDM. Finally, this paper demonstrates improvement in Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of the transmitted signal using subcarrier combining for WPM in heterogeneous communication environments, where low-rate and high-rate devices share the same transmission resources.
Utilization of MIMO Concept for Optical Communication System under Fog Condition
Authors: Shakir Farouk , Ali Mazin Ali A. , Ameer Firas
Published: March 2020

Free-space optical (FSO) communication consider license free, high data rate, wide bandwidth and cost-effective. Multi-input Multi-output (MIMO) systems can be employed to reduce the attenuation by heavy fog and improve FSO channel capacity. In this paper a single-input single-output and multi–input multi-output examined to investigate the performance of these systems under heavy fog. A comparison is made in terms of received optical power, signal to noise ratio, and bit error rate (BER) using OptiSystem version 7.0. The signal reaches to link up to 1.7km, 1.55km, 1.5km, and 1.4km for 4Tx/4Rx, 3Tx/3Rx, 2Tx/2Rx, 1Tx/1Rxrespectively. The results showed that the quality of received power is enhancement by using up to four beams.
Super Ultrawideband Planar Inverted F Antenna on Paper based Substrate with Low SAR
Authors: Kumari Sakshi , Gupta Vibha Rani
Published: March 2020

In this paper, a super ultrawide band planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) has been proposed for wearable applications on a low cost, ecofriendly paper-based substrate. This work is a first and important step towards the progression of conformal flexible antennas for a body area network. The proposed antenna has measured impedance bandwidth of 10.6 GHz, which covers almost all the bands of a wireless body area network i.e. GSM (880-960 MHz), GPS (1565-1585 MHz), DCS (1710-1880 MHz), PCS (1850-1990 MHz), UMTS (1920-2170 MHz), ISM (2.4-2.4835 GHz), WiMAX (3.3-3.8 GHz), HIPERLAN (5.15-5.35 GHz), WLAN (5.725-5.850 GHz) and UWB (3.1-10.6 GHz). Initially, the electrical characteristics of paper are extracted using Cavity Resonator and Transmission line method and then used for the design and fabrication of the proposed antenna. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated results. This paper also focuses on analysis of the effect of electromagnetic absorption in terms of specific absorption rate for a human arm with frequency exposure at 0.9 GHz, 1.5 GHz, 1.8 GHz, 3.5 GHz, 2.45 GHz, 5.2 GHz and 5.8 GHz and is found to be within the recommended limit by FCC.
Effect of adding aqueous extract of Melissa officinalis leaves and some other antioxidants to Tris extender on post-cooling and post- cryopreservative plasma membrane and acrosome integrity percentages of Holstein bulls
Authors: Abdulkareem T , Alzaidi O
Published: March 2020

This study was conducted to explore the effect of adding aqueous extract of Melissa officinalis leaves (AEMOL), some antioxidants to Tris extender on sperm’s plasma membrane and acrosome integrity for Holstein bulls following different preservation periods. The study was executed at the Department of Artificial Insemination, Abu-Ghraib belong to the Directorate of Animal Resource, Ministry of Agriculture, during the period from October 2015 to February 2016 using ten Holstein bulls of 2.5-3 years old. Semen was collected via artificial vagina in one ejaculate per bull per week for the 7-week experimental period. Pooled semen was equally divided into ten groups using Tris extender. In this experiment, AEMOL (0.062mg/100 ml; A2), WEMOL (0.062mg/100 ml) + 5 mM of vitamin C (A3), AEMOL (0.062mg/100 ml + 0.08 mM of Trolox (A4), AEMOL (0.062mg/100 ml + 100 IU of catalase (A5),100 IU of catalase (A6), 5 mM of vitamin C (A7), 0.08 mM of Trolox (A8), 0.2 mM of vitamin E (A9) and AEMOL (0.062mg/100 ml +0.2 mM of vitamin E (A10) and comparisons in response were made with the control group (Tris extender, A1). The effect of these additives on semen characteristics of Holstein bulls for different preservation periods (cooling at 5◦C, 48 h, 1, 2 and 3 months post cryopreservation, PC) were studied. The A2 group exhibited greater (P≤0.01) plasma membrane and acrosome integrity percentage as compared with A1 group at all preservation time periods. Greater (P≤ 0.01) plasma membrane and acrosome integrity percentage were noticed in comparison with the A1 group at all preservation time periods. On the other hand, A5 group exhibited greater (P≤ 0.01) plasma membrane and acrosome integrity percentage, as well as, Adding of vitamin E alone (A9) or combined with AEMOL (A10) to Tris extender had positive (P≤ 0.01) effect in improving all the semen characteristics at all preservation time periods. In conclusion, adding of AEMOL as alone or combined with the other synthetic antioxidants to Tris extenders had a crucial role in improving PC sperm's plasma membrane and acrosome integrity percentage of Holstein bulls. This was reflected positively in increasing pregnancy rates of the inseminated cows and owner's income consequently.
Inhibition activity of Zingiber offcinale. and Cinnamomum zeylanicum extract against Aspergillus niger and Penicillium notatum
Authors: Muslim E , Saeed A , Sabeeh SH
Published: March 2020

Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of ginger )Zingier officinale) and (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) were used to investigate an antifungal activity against food spoilage fungal pathogens. Study of the inhibitory effect of these extract was done separately against Aspergillus niger and Penicillium notatum isolated from (tomato pasts, cheese) the samples were cultured on Sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA) at pH 5.6 and 28°C. In this study, results had shown that the extracts of Both plant demonstrated antifungal activity. When compare extracts of the two plants, C. zeylanicum extracts showed higher inhibition activity than (Zingiber officinale) extracts significantly. Ethanolic extracts of these tow plants gives significantly inhabitation in the mycelia growth of fungi more than their aqueous extracts (16-22), (19-25)mm, P. noitatum and A. niger respectively while the inhibitory observed by the aqueous extract (5-6) mm against A. niger for (6-8) mm. Against P. notatum was the most affected by all extracts while A. niger was the least susceptible. There was a significant difference (P=0.05) between groups in the antifungal activities of tested fungi, and the effectiveness of ethanolic extracts was increased with increase in their concentrations. The ability of these extracts to inhibit the growth of the two fungi must take into consideration an indication of the antifungal potency of cinnamon and Zingiber officinale, that makes them the candidate for the production of antifungal agents.
Detection of Glanders in horses of eight Iraqi provinces by ELISA
Authors: Hussein Z
Published: March 2020

The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Glanders in horses of Iraq. For this reason, a serological surveillance was conducted during the period extended between November 2015 and March 2016. Four hundred and four samples of serum were collected from horses lived in eight different Iraqi provinces that were Al-Muthanna, Baghdad, Al-Najaf, Babylon, Al-Qadsyia, Diyala, Karbala and Wasit. Sera transported to the lab of clinical pathology/ department of internal and preventive veterinary medicine at Baghdad University, where they were analyzed by cELISA technique to determine the seropositivity against Burkholderia mallei. The results of sera analysis showed that 2.97 % (12 horses) were positive toward the applied test. The positive cases were recorded in Baghdad and Muthanna governorate (11 and 1, respectively). Statistical analysis revealed no significant variations (P<0.05) in the seropositivity against Glanders between different genders or ages.
Evaluation the hypolipidemic and antioxidant efficacy of diosgenin extracted from fenugreek seeds in experimentally induced oxidative stressed male rats
Authors: Al-Mzaien A
Published: March 2020

This study was conducted to assess the antioxidant status and hypolipidemic role of purified diosgenin extracted from fenugreek seeds in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and atherogenic diet experimentally induced oxidative stress male rats. Hexane and chloroform were used for the extraction of diosgenin from ground fenugreek seeds. Purification of extracted fraction was carried out on Sephadex LH-20 column using ethyl acetate as eluent, homogenous symmetrical peak was obtained, and thin layer chromatography on silica gel confirmed that purified fraction is diosgenin in compression to standard diosgenin and the calculated Rf values. The antioxidant scavenging activity was carried out using 2, 2, 1 diphenyl- 1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, the result showed that purified diosgenin has an antioxidant activity 13.68 μg/ml while the corresponding values for vitamin C and butylated hydroxyl toluene were 8.43 and 7.26 μg/ml respectively. Fifteen adult Albino male rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups, and treated for six weeks as follows; G1 group served as control, G2: Animals of this group were received drinking water containing 0.75% H2O2 and atherogenic diet, Group 3; Rats of this group were given drinking water containing 0.75% H2O2 and atherogenic diet plus 40 mg purified diosgenin/ kg B.W. dissolved in 0.5 ethyl acetate daily by gavages needle. Fasting blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture technique at 0, third and sixth weeks of experiment. The results revealed that rats in G2 exposed to oxidative stress (0.75% H2O2 plus atherogenic diet) showed a significant elevation (P<0.05) in serum total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C) as well as in malondialdehyde (MDA), and significant suppression in serum high density lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL-C) and glutathione (GSH) concentrations in comparison to the animals in the first group (G1 group). Intubation of 40 mg/kg B.W. of purified diosgenin was caused a significant alteration in the lipid profile of the treated group (G3), manifested by significant reduction (P<0.05) in serum TC, TAG, LDL-C and significant elevation in HDL-C. Antioxidant status also exhibits significant changes manifested by an elevation of serum GSH and reduction in MDA concentration in G3 group animals. This study has shown the significant role of diosgenin as hypolipidemic agent and its role in restores of the oxidative stress.
Antibacterial effect of grape seeds polyphenols against Salmonella Typhimurium infection in mice
Authors: Mahdi N , Mohammad A
Published: March 2020

Infection with Salmonella Typhimurium causes systemic infection and gastroenteritis in human and animals. Polyphenols especially in grape seeds have immunomodulation anti-inflammatory effects and antimicrobial activities. The current study was designed to investigate the antibacterial activity of GSP on the amelioration of liver and intestinal tissues inflammation and cell apoptosis induced by S. Typhimurium in infected mice. The parameters which were used in this study, including that determention the histopathological changes in liver and intestinal paraffin embedded block tissue and cells apoptosis that confirmed by using Dead End™ Fluorometric (TUNEL System). The histopathological changes in the liver and intestinal tissues showed less changes with potent inflammatory response in the treated groups, that lead to the decreasing of pathological sings in liver and intestinal tissue and showed lower apoptotic activity.
Extraction of carp fish chitosan and determination and study of its characteristics
Authors: Al-Saidi R , Al-Asadi H
Published: March 2020

The aim of this study was to extract the chitin and chitosan from carp fish, The percentage of extraction of chitin and chitosan extracted from carp fish peels were 55.75% chitin and 3.55% chitosan depending on dry weight of carp fish peels. The study of chitosan characteristics showed that degree of deacetylation for control sample and extracted chitosan were 82.84%, 81.32% respectively. The result of FTIR for two type of chitosan showed absorption spectrum matching (IR) on 1220, 1020 (cm-1) bands for amide group between 1150, 1020 (cm-1) bands, FTIR result were used for calculation degree of deactylation depending on linear equation by using the band 1320, the molecular weight of extracted chitosan was 77142.57 (Dalton) while the control chitosan was 1000027 (Dalton), and it was from high molecular weight. As for the estimated moisture percentage for extracted chitosan and control were 15.50%, 14.65% respectively, and the Solubility for extracted chitosan and control was 94.18% and 96.85% respectively. The pH for extracted chitosan and control was 8.2 and 8.5 respectively.
Study of antibiotic sensitivity of Esherichia coli isolated from Broiler Chickens
Authors: Hussein S , AL-Attar M
Published: March 2020

Antibiotic sensitivity testing of E.coli isolates, showed that most isolates were sensitive 100% to colistin sulphate and kanamycin/cephlaxine in the first degree, also gave different results to other antibiotics. On the other hand, the isolates showed complete resistance 100% for Ampicillin, Gentamycin, Pencillin G, Tetracycline and Tylosin, in addition to appearance of 11 multiple resistance pattern. The results of determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for E.coli showed the presence of variable minimal inhibitory concentration in relation to the serotypes of E.coli when used different antibiotics.
The effects of capparis spinosa ethanol extracts on humoral immune responses in mice treated with aflatoxin B1
Authors: Shaker A , Thaker A , Hussain Abd.
Published: March 2020

The results of this investigation had demonstrated the production of aflatoxins from Aspergillus flavus and study effects on humoral immune by measuring the concentrations of immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, IgM, IgE and measurement of concentrations of the complements C3, C4 in mice with treated of Aflatoxin B1. The results of qualities analysis HPLC showed the ability of isolation of Aspergillus flavus from chips, macroni, red sun flower, shamia, hazelnut, corn and peanut and isolate from fish to produce aflatoxin with different rate. The isolation of Aspergillus flavus which isolated from peanuts recoded the highest rate of production of aflatoxin B1 which it reached to (213760.28) ppm. 40 male mice were used experimentation they divided into eight groups. Three groups of mice were gave aflatoxin B1 56.3 ppm and after 2 hours treated by ethanolic extracts crude phenol and alkaloid in 250 mg/ ml while the fourth group was given aflatoxin B1 only, while the fifth, sixth and seventh groups were treated with ethanolic extracts only and the eight group was given control groups PBS. The results of study showed a significant increase in concentrations immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, IgM in the mice that dosage of extracts crude after gave aflatoxin B1 56.3 ppm it reached the highest concentration of IgA, IgG, IgM (139. 06, 3223.80, 339.66) mg/ 100 ml respectively compared with positive control that gave aflatoxin only it reached IgA, IgG, IgM (20. 23, 108.66, 25.30) mg/ 100 ml respectively. The results of the study also recoded a significant increase in the IgE concentration of 22 IU in mice that gave the crude extract after giving aflatoxin B1 with concentrations of 56.3 ppm compared to positive control of 2.83 IU. The results of the study showed a significant increase in concentration of complements C3, C4 in mice that dosage ethanolic extracts crude phenols and alkaloid after two hours gave aflatoxin B1. The highest concentration of C3, C4 (279.33, 132.20) mg/ 100 ml respectively in mice that gave crude extract after given aflatoxin B1 in compared with positive control that gave aflatoxin B1 only it reached concentrations C3, C4 (12, 17.50) mg/ 100 ml respectively. We concluded of that caper plant has immune stimulatory effects in mice.
Effect of Phitofert® on testicular function of vasectomized mature mice
Authors: Yousif Muna , Al-Dujal saad , Arrak Jawad
Published: March 2020

This study was designed to evaluate the role of Phitofert® in the improvement of testes function and attenuating DNA fragmentation in vasectomized and healthy adult mice. Twenty four adult male breed such Albino mice were randomly and equally divided into four groups (G1, G2, G3 and G4). Mice were treated for 35days as follows: the G1 mice were non-vasectomized and given DW and served as controls, mice in G2 were non-vasectomized and given Phitofert® daily with a dose of 0.035mg/kg BW, mice in G3 were vasectomized without treatment while the mice in G4 were vasectomized and given same dose of Phitofert®. At the end of the experiment, fasting blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for measuring LH and FSH hormones concentrations and section from testes were taken tomeasure the number of Leydig cells and diameter of semniferous tubules. The results of current data showed significant increase of serum LH and FSH concentrations in G2 healthy treated group as compared with control and other groups. Also, the treatment of G4 vasectomized mice with Phitofert® caused significant increase in serum concentration of the above hormones as compared with G3 vasectomized non-treated. The study showed that DNA fragmentation that resulted from the G2 healthy treated mice were lower than that obtained from the control group and other vasectomized mice (G3, G4). The diameters of the seminiferous tubules and the numbers of Leydig cells showed significant increase in healthy and vasectomized treated group (G1, G4) as compared with G3 vasectomized non-treated group. It was concluded that healthy and vasectomized treated of adult male mice with Phitofert® lead to clear improvement of level of reproductive hormones.
Exteriorization of genital system of Awassi ewes with laparotomy in standing position
Authors: Majeed A , Aboud Q , Mohammed A , Abood A
Published: March 2020

The study were undertaken on 16 Iraqi Awassi ewes, presented in the farm of college of veterinary medicine, Al- Fallujah University/ Fallujah, during the end of February to the half of the march, 2018. The age of the animals ranged between 2 to 4 years. All the ewes were examined by ultrasonography by specialist in order to be sure that the animals not pregnant with B- mode system. All the animals has been synchronized with vaginal sponges impregnated in 40 mg flurogestone acetate (intervet, B.V. Boxemeer, Holland). The animals were put in a standing position clipping and shaving of the left flank area then the site washed with antiseptic and disinfected with tincture iodine. The animals anesthetized locally using 2% xylocaine hydrochloride using 10 ml subcutaneously and intra muscular. left flank sharp dissection about 10-12 cm were made through the skin, muscle and peritoneum. Exteriorization of the uterus and ovaries were done to detect the pregnancy through a symmetry of uterine horns and the enlargement of pregnant horn or to detect the numbers of follicles and corpora lutea after that the peritoneum and the muscles were sutured with catgut no.1 with lock stich pattern. The skin was sutured with silk no.1 using horizontal mattress interrupted pattern. Systemic long acting tetracycline were applied I.M (200 mg/ ml: 100mg/kg B.W) for one day and another for 3 injection. Local antibiotic spray was applied to treat the surgical wounds for 7 days. The suture materials of the skin were removed after 7 days of the operation. The animals were examined daily for general health condition (temperature, heart rate, pulse rate, appetite). The wound also examined for presence of swelling, hematoma, pus or infection or hernia Positive results were considered when the animal in a good general health condition and the wound showed normal healing without presence of swelling, hematoma, pus or infection or hernia. This technique is simple, easily done, save time and cost as well as reduce the surgical trauma with few suture materials. The study was the first of its kind all over the world in exteriorization of genital organs in standing position in ewes.
Hernioplasty in a huskydog puppy: case report
Authors: Alkattan Layth , Al-Qidi A , Alajeily R
Published: March 2020

A huskydog puppy their age about one month suffering from a soft and swollen mass at the umbilical region was brought to the teaching hospital for diagnosis and treatment. Following a careful clinical examination, the disorder was diagnosed as an umbilical hernia. A decision was made to be treated by surgical intervention. The animal was anesthetized with a mixture of Xylazine 2%, and Ketamine hydrochloride 5%at 3\10 mg Kg Bwt, respectively which provides an optimum time to complete the operation without any adverse complications. The open surgical technique was followed to correct the hernia using Mayo mattress suture. Postoperatively, the animal was kept under an intensive care and monitoring until recovery. Two weeks later, the operation site demonstrated an excellent healing feature without any evidence of swelling. The animal looked alert, physically active with a good appetite. Two months later, a complete recovery was revealed with no recurrence of the hernia.
Effect of adding different levels of zinc to the diets on performance and growth of local female goat
Authors: Towaje Moayed , Kuttar A , Hassan Hassan
Published: March 2020

This study was carried out at the Abu Ghraib sheep and goat breeding station to study the effect of adding different levels of zinc (0, 15, 20 and 25 mg/kg. DM) which type of radians: concentrate diets 25% or alfalfa hay 75% in the performance of local goat females and some carcass characteristics of goat females. The animals were divided into four groups (T1) fed free of additives and T2 fed 15 mg zinc/kg.DM and T3 and T4 groups fed 20 and 25 mg/kg.DM of zinc. The results showed no significant effect of adding zinc to the diet on the total feed intake for all nutrients except the dry matter intake (g/ kg) that were increasing significant (P˂0.01) For all groups of adding zinc, Also the results showed that there were increase significant (P˂0.01) in some of the studied traits (total and daily weight and feed conversion ratio as well as the final weight of local goat females). The results also showed increase significant (P˂0.01) in some of the carcass characteristics (slaughter weight, empty body weight, warm carcass weight and the percentage of conversion based on body weight) compared with the T1 group.
Dystocia due to congenital defects in Iraqi ewes at Fallujah
Authors: Majeed A , Alwon A , Aboud Q , Mohammed A , Abood A
Published: March 2020

The study was conducted on 14 clinical cases of congenital anomalies in Iraqi ewes out of 474 Iraqi ewes suffering from dystocia cases presented to the clinic of department of obstetrics\ College of Veterinary Medicine/ University of Fallujah and Private Clinic) during the period from 1995 to 2017. The Prevalence of anomalies was 2.95% in Iraqi ewes recorded at Fallujah. High prevalence of anomalies were observed in male in this study 9/14 (64.28%) than in female 5/14 (35.72%). Different types of congenital anomalies that leads to dystocia were arthrogryposis (4/14-28.57%), brachygnathia (4/14-28.57%), hydrocephalus (3/14-21.42%) and ascites (3/14-21-42%). Prenatal losses was noticed in all cases. The methods of treatment used to relief these cases were C.S and fetotomy.