bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantifying the traverse: a comprehensive kinematic analysis of climbing technique
Authors: Andrews-Cifre Joseph , Bailey Simon , Taylor Nicola
Published: July 2024

Biomechanical analysis plays a pivotal role in enhancing performance and preventing injuries in rock climbing. Despite a recent increase in popularity, there remains a lack of research quantifying full-body movements, resulting in uncertainty regarding biomechanical demands and variability. It should be noted that there is a scarcity of data in climbing research to quantify optimal techniques, particularly for traverses. This study aims to address this gap by examining the demands of a traverse in a controlled setting using Vicon marker-based three-dimensional (3D) motion capture.  Fourteen experienced climbers (32 ± 13 years, 70 ± 9 kg) with varying skill levels (intermediate to advanced) and climbing backgrounds (sport climbing, trad climbing and bouldering) completed a two-minute standardised traverse on a custom-built Lattice circuit (2440 × 2440 × 1220 mm). A twelve-camera (200 Hz, Vantage) motion analysis system (Vicon, Motion Systems Ltd. Oxford, United Kingdom) acquired kinematic data. Retroreflective markers were attached to anatomical landmarks of the upper and lower body. The trials were preceded by a 10-minute self-selected warmup. This data will be analysed to assess the degree of inter-participant variability, observing if there is the possibility of quantifying an optimal traversing technique. Intra-participant variability will be assessed, to measure the effect of fatigue on the climbing movement. Previous literature has alluded to the possibility of fatigue increasing the use of the legs when climbing as compensation. Comparing the beginning of the traverse to the end, data should further substantiate this claim. This research will offer insights into the kinematic demands of rock climbing, laying the groundwork for further studies on a larger scale to assess the possibility of optimising technique, performance, and injury strategies. This study contributes to bridging the vast gap between biomechanical research and practical applications in the climbing community, facilitating a more evidence-based approach to performance.
The exploration of the upper body kinematics and kinematic asymmetries during forwards and backwards wheelchair propulsion
Authors: Hickmott Mya , Briley Simon
Published: July 2024

The current literature available on the kinematic asymmetries in the upper body during wheelchair propulsion remains limited (Slowick, Requejo, Mulro. & Neptune, 2015, Front Bioeng Biotech, 3, 86-86). This research provides an opportunity to add to this limited area and help provide an understanding of the how the upper body movements change when faced with a change in speed and direction. The present cross-sectional laboratory study aimed to explore the kinematics and kinematic asymmetries during forwards and backwards wheelchair propulsion in able bodied individuals. This study investigated the effect of changes in speed and quantified the upper body kinematics of forwards and backwards wheelchair propulsion. Upon ethical approval, five able bodied participants, 3 male and 2 female (age = 21 ± 1 years, stature = 173 ± 8 cm, mass = 73 ± 7 kg) provided written informed consent and participated in this study. Participants took part in exercise regularly but had no prior wheelchair experience. Individual measurements (Height, weight, weekly exercise levels, injury history, dominant hand and upper body pain via the musculoskeletal pain questionnaire) were taken then participants took part in a series of trials in a wheelchair. Four Inertial Measurement Units (IMeasureU, Blue Trident, VICON, Oxford, UK) were placed on the participant's 7th cervical vertebrae, underneath the wheelchair seat and on the lateral side of each humerus above the elbow joint. Before testing began, participants were given a five-minute familiarisation period on the wheelchair. The testing consisted of ten forwards and ten backwards self-paced wheelchair propulsions on an Invictus Active Trainer (Invictus Active, Wolverhampton, UK), a 20 metre sprint overground on a track (with verbal encouragement throughout the sprint) and a single arm 3 kg medicine ball throw. All tests were performed from a stationary start and shoulder angles were measured to 180° before each test began. This research expects to see a difference in angular velocity between each participant's arms, with a greater level of asymmetry as speed increases. Participants are required to work harder in order to gain speed and as a result their propulsion technique will change to meet the new demands. The other expectation is to see the same side as the participants dominant hand have a higher level of force production during propulsion compared to their arm with the non-dominant hand.
The effect of staged versus rapid immersion on the cardio-respiratory components of the cold-shock response
Authors: Brown Joshua , Eglin Clare
Published: July 2024

Drowning is one of the leading causes of accidental death. Sudden cold-water immersion (CWI) leads to the stimulation of cutaneous cold receptors causing the cold-shock response (CSR) which includes a gasp, hyperventilation, and tachycardia for several minutes. Only one study has investigated staged CWI (Hayward and French, 1989, Av Space Env Med, 60, 1163-1165) and found a reduction in minute ventilation (V̇E) and respiratory frequency (fB) occurred when immersed to the waist for 30 s followed by to the shoulders. However, it is unclear whether a staged entry with a longer or shorter period at the waist would elicit a greater or lesser CSR. Thus, the aim of this study is to establish whether a staged immersion with a longer period immersed to the waist would attenuate the initial cardio-respiratory responses associated with CWI, when compared with rapid immersion. Ethical approval was gained from the University of Portsmouth Science Faculty Research Ethics Committee (SHFEC 2020-070). Seven male participants completed two, 5 min immersions that occurred at the same time of day (± 2 h) to avoid circadian variation in internal body temperature: a staged immersion (immersion to the iliac crest for 2 min prior to immersion to the acromion process); a rapid immersion (immersion to the acromion process for 5 min). Participants were lowered into stirred water (15°C) at a rate of 4 s to the waist, 4 s to the shoulder. Inspiratory and expiratory data were collected using a ventilatory turbine module and Douglas bags, respectively, whilst heart rate data was collected using a three-lead ECG. Variables were analysed over the first 30 s of immersion by a one-way ANOVA and a Tukey post hoc test. Effect sizes were calculated using Cohen’s d. Staged immersion to the waist resulted in a significantly lower fB (P < 0.05; d = 1.54) and V ̇E (P < 0.01; d = 1.96) over the first 30 s epoch, when compared to rapid immersion. Staged immersion to the shoulders resulted in a lower ventilatory equivalent of oxygen (P < 0.005; d = 1.95). There was no difference in heart rate between immersions. A staged immersion to the waist resulted in a 36.2% lower V̇E and 29.4% lower fB, potentially due to fewer cutaneous cold receptors being stimulated. This reduces the potential to aspirate water due to a lower ventilatory drive, therefore, could reduce drowning incidence attributed to the CSR.
Evaluation of pilocarpine iontophoresis vs. exercise-induced sweat sodium concentrations at different exercise intensities
Authors: Harris Christopher , Blow Andrew , Hew-Butler Tamara
Published: July 2024

Differences between passive versus active sweat sodium concentration ([Na+]) may alter sodium replacement strategies. The primary purpose of this pilot trial was to compare pharmacologically induced sweat [Na+] (passive) with exercise-induced sweat [Na+] (active) at three different exercise intensities. Methods: This was an internal validation trial, reviewed by Wayne State University’s IRB (IRB 23-02-5555). WSU’s IRB determined that this retrospective, observational, data collection did not fall within the scope of human research regulations. As such, fifteen endurance cyclists participated in four cycling trials (different days, separated by a week) at three exercise intensities (50, 75, and 100% of functional threshold power/FTP) for 20 minutes. Sweat was collected prior to each trial via pilocarpine iontophoresis (passively induced sweat). Then, a macroduct™ (Wescor Inc, Logan, UT) sweat collector was affixed to the same forearm (at a different location than the passively induced sweat collection) and the athlete cycled at the given intensity to collect exercise-induced sweat. Sweat samples were analysed for sweat [Na+] immediately (Sweat Chek Conductivity Analyzer, Wescor Inc, Logan UT), which was the main outcome variable. One-way ANOVA was utilised to detect differences in passive and active sweat [Na+] levels across different exercise intensities. Statistical significance was set a priori at P < 0.05. Results: Fifteen highly trained cyclists between 19-45 years (10 male, 5 female, weight 69 ± 9 kg, FTP 4.16 ± 0.56 W/kg, passive sweat [Na+] 55.6 ± 18.5 mmol/L [range 30-89 mmol/L]) completed this trial. No statistically significant differences were noted between pre (passive) to post (active) sweat [Na+] levels during the 50% FTP, 75% FTP, or 100% FTP conditions. However, when assessing exercise-induced sweat [Na+] minus passive-induced sweat [Na+], significant differences were noted between the 50% (−12.4 ± 7.6mmol/L), 75% (1.3 ± 6.2mmol/L) and 100% FTP (7.5 ± 6.8 mmol/L) exercise intensity conditions (P < 0.001; R2 = 0.61). Although sweat rate was different between the 50% (0.62 ± 0.21 L/h), 75% (1.26 ± 0.34 L/h), and 100% FTP (1.89 ± 0.50 L/h) conditions; P < 0.001; R2 = 0.68, there were no significant associations between sweat rate versus sweat [Na+] change except for the 100% FTP condition (R2 = 0.29; P = 0.04). Conclusions: Exercise-induced sweat approximates pharmacologically induced sweat at cycling intensities around 75% FTP, with lower sweat [Na+] readings at lower (50% FTP) intensities and higher sweat [Na+] readings at higher (100% FTP) cycling intensities.
Managing the Returning Foreign Terrorist Fighters and Their Families: Malaysian Experience
Authors: El-Muhammady Ahmad ,   International Center for Counter-Terrorism
Published: July 2024

The main objective of the article is to explore Malaysia’s approach in managing the returning fighters and their families in the post-IS phase. In doing so, the article is divided into four parts. The first part provides the background to Malaysians involvement as foreign fighters starting from the 1990s until the IS case. Second part highlights the uniqueness of IS’ foreign fighters and why Malaysia adopted repatriation policy towards its citizens who involved in IS struggle. The third part explores the process of repatriation of foreign fighters and their families namely the assessment, rehabilitation, prosecution and reintegration. The last part of the article provides an assessment on Malaysia’s approach particularly from the perspective of human rights and rule of law, as well as its overall effectiveness.
Tempos de Resposta e Intervenções Extra-Hospitalar à Vítima de Trauma Major na Região Centro de Portugal: Um Estudo Retrospetivo
Authors: Rito Sandra , Ferreira Ricardo J.O. , Marques Nuno , Frutuoso Alexandre , Baptista Rui
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A qualidade e rapidez do socorro pré-hospitalar à pessoa vítima de trauma major é vital para diminuir a sua elevada mortalidade. Contudo, desconhece-se a efetividade desta resposta em Portugal. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os tempos de resposta e as intervenções realizadas às vítimas de trauma major na região centro de Portugal. Métodos: Estudo retrospetivo, descritivo, utilizando os registos clínicos de 2022 dos meios diferenciados do Instituto Nacional de Emergência Médica. Casos de óbito pré-chegada ao hospital e outras situações de não transporte foram excluídos. Determinaram-se cinco tempos, entre os quais o tempo de resposta (T1, decorrente entre acionamento e chegada ao local), o tempo no local (T2) e o tempo de transporte (T5, intervalo entre a decisão de transporte e a chegada ao serviço de urgência). Foram calculadas médias e medidas de dispersão para cada meio, bem como a proporção de casos em que foram cumpridos os tempos recomendados nacional e internacionalmente. Avaliou-se também a frequência de registo de seis intervenções chave. Resultados: Dos 3366 registos, eliminaram-se 602 (384 por óbito), resultando em 2764 casos [suporte imediato de vida (SIV) = 36,0%, viaturas médicas de emergência e reanimação (VMER) = 62,2%, helicóptero de emergência médica (HEM) = 1,8%]. Num elevado número de registos não foi possível determinar tempos de socorro: por exemplo, o tempo de transporte (T5) foi determinável em apenas 29%, 13%, e 8% dos casos, respetivamente para SIV, VMER e HEM. O tempo recomendado para a estabilização (T2 ≤ 20 min), foi cumprido em 19,8% (SIV), 36,5% (VMER), e 18,2% (HEM) dos regis- tos. Já o tempo de transporte (T5 ≤ 45 min) foi cumprido em 80,0% (SIV), 93,1% (VMER) e 75,0% (HEM) dos registos (avaliáveis). A administração de analgesia (42% na SIV) e as medidas de prevenção de hipotermia (23,5% na SIV) foram as intervenções mais registadas. Conclusão: Observaram-se muitos status omissos e falta de informação nos registos, sobretudo na VMER e HEM. De acordo com os registos, o tempo no local superou frequentemente as recomendações, enquanto o tempo de transporte tende a estar dentro das normas.
SELF-CARE ACTIVITY PREVENT COMPLICATION DIABETIC PATIENT IN PUSKESMAS SITOPENG CIREBON
Authors: Komarudin  , Gita Sesaria Tifanny
Published: July 2024

Background: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is responsible for approximately 85% of all amputations performed in individuals with diabetes. Providing education and physical exercise based on Self-care Activities (SCA) aims to prevent complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients at Sitopeng Health Center. Self-care Activities (SCA) in diabetes entail actions individuals take to manage the condition, including examination and prevention. Objective: The objective was to enhance the knowledge and skills of patients in preventing and minimizing complications of type 2 DM, particularly diabetic foot wounds, through education on physical exercises based on Self-care Activities (SCA). Method: Direct education commences with administering a pre-test questionnaire to assess patient knowledge, followed by material presentation, blood pressure checks, blood glucose monitoring, and instruction on physical exercises based on Self-care Activities (SCA) for type 2 DM patients. Finally, a post-test questionnaire (DKQ-24) is administered. Results: Following participation in the community service, 85% of the participants experienced an increase in knowledge level and demonstrated proficiency in foot exercise skills. Conclusion: Type 2 DM patients in the Sitopeng Health Center catchment area exhibit improved knowledge and skills after engaging in community service activities, reflecting effective collaboration between service and educational institutions.
MIDWIVES' PERCEPTIONS OF PREECLAMPSIA SCREENING
Authors: Febronia Martina Dua Lehang  , Aditiawarman  , Ivon Diah Wittiarika  , Linda Dewanti
Published: July 2024

Background: Preeclampsia-related maternal mortality is a persistent issue globally, including in Indonesia. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) recommends universal preeclampsia screening in obstetric services. In Indonesia's NTT Province, pregnant women are screened based on guidelines in the MCH book. Sikka Regency mandates midwives to use the KSPR and MCH manuals for risk factor screening In 2022, 154 out of 9,685 screened pregnant women exhibited signs of preeclampsia risk factors. Despite the reduction in maternal deaths in Sikka Regency, the number of deaths directly linked to preeclampsia increased from one in 2021 to four in 2022. Notably, at Watubaing Public Health Center, two cases of maternal death were specifically attributed to preeclampsia. This underscores a significant gap in midwives' perceptions and clinical practices, elevating maternal mortality risk. This study explores midwives' perceptions of preeclampsia screening. Method: Qualitative research with a phenomenological approach at Watubaing Public Health Center involved three informants selected through purposive sampling, meeting the inclusion criteria.  Data collection, conducted from April to July 2023, comprised in-depth semi-structured interviews that were subsequently analyzed thematically. Results: Midwives’ expressed divergent opinions on preeclampsia screening, yet a consensus prevailed on its crucial importance. Conclusion: Midwives' perceptions of preeclampsia screening in ANC services are significantly shaped by internal and external factors, including knowledge and experience.
DIFFERENCES IN THE LEVEL OF ANXIETY OF PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE I, II, AND III TRIMESTER
Authors: Rachma Gading Nurhafiza , Irwanto Irwanto , Izzati Dwi
Published: July 2024

Background: Pregnancy is a physiological period that requires various adjustments to the changes that occur and can induce anxiety. Anxiety during pregnancy can be experienced from the first trimester to the third trimester. This anxiety can have negative impacts on both the mother and the fetus. This research aimed to determine the differences in the anxiety levels of pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters in the working area of the Gading Surabaya Health Center. Method: This is a quantitative research with an observational analytic method and a cross-sectional design. The study population consists of pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters in the working area of Gading Surabaya Health Center. The study involved 100 samples of pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters selected using the simple random sampling method. The instrument used is a questionnaire, namely the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS). The analysis method used is the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The statistical test results show a p-value (0.023) < α (0.05), indicating a significant difference in anxiety levels among pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters. Most pregnant women in the first trimester (56.7%) and second trimester (70.7%) did not experience anxiety symptoms, while pregnant women in the third trimester (51.7%) experienced mild to moderate anxiety.  Conclusion: There is a significant difference in anxiety levels among pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters.
THE PERINATAL ANXIETY SCREENING SCALE (PASS) ASSESSMENT OF HIGHRISK PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: Mardianingsih Siti , Mutianingsih Rosa , Abdiani Baiq Tuhu , Fatawi Zulhadi
Published: July 2024

Background: Psychological changes in pregnant women can be caused by hormonal imbalances. Imbalance can give rise to an anxiety response caused by conditions within oneself and the environment. Excessive anxiety can stimulate uterine contractions which can lead to pathological risks in the pregnancy. The aim of this research is to determine the anxiety and psychological domains of high-risk pregnant women. Method: The research design was descriptive research with a sample size of 30 pregnant women who had a history of high risk in Batu Kute village, Narmada subdistrict using cluster sampling technique. The instrument used was the PASS (perinatal anxiety screening scale) questionnaire. Result: The research results obtained were that most pregnant women experienced anxiety on a mild - moderate scale with a percentage of 70% experienced by mothers in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. is in the domain category of excessive worry and specific fear as much as 57% and anxiety and active adjustment as much as 23.3%. The level of anxiety of pregnant women in the first trimester is due to the adaptation process to changes in a woman and will increasingly increase in the third trimester of pregnancy leading up to delivery. Conclusion: Anxiety conditions with or without previous symptoms will increase in high-risk third trimester mothers because they feel anxious about the condition of themselves and their fetus. If not treated, it will pose a risk to the mother, fetus and the birth process that will occur.
DIFFERENCES OF BIRTH WEIGHT AND ONSET OF ACHOLIC STOOL BETWEEN EXTRAHEPATIC AND INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS
Authors: Setyoboedi Bagus , Situmorang Lasmauli , Prihaningtyas Rendi Aji , Arief Sjamsul
Published: July 2024

Background: Biliary atresia (extrahepatic cholestasis) and neonatal hepatitis (intrahepatic cholestasis) are two main causes of cholestasis. It is important to distinguish the type of cholestasis for determine management. Patient with  intrahepatic cholestasis have birth weight lower than extrahepatic cholestasis. Onset of acholic stool in extrahepatic cholestasis usually appear in 15-30 days of first life. The aim of the study  to identify differences of birth weight and onset of acholic stool between the type of cholestasis. Method: A retrospective study on cholestasis children aged under 2 years was conducted at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016. A thorough history of birth weight and onset of acholic stool were undertaken. Based on histopatology liver biopsy patients were classified into twogroups: I (extrahepatic cholestasis) and II (intrahepatic cholestasis). Result: Statistical analysis of Mann Whitney U was used with p<0.05 being significant. A total of 84 children were included, 55% were male. 40 children suffered from extrahepatic cholestasis (mean age 4.8 ± 2.6 months old) and 44 children suffered from intrahepatic cholestasis (mean age 2.9 ± SD 3.8 months old). The mean birth weight between extrahepatic and intrahepatic cholestasis were 2813 ± 704 gram vs 2717 ± 577 gram) (p=0.29). The mean onset of acholic stool between extrahepatic and intrahepatic cholestasis were 43.0 ± 60.6 days vs 26.6 ± 39.7 days (p=0.27). Conclusion : There is no difference of birth weight and onset of acholic stool between extrahepatic and intrahepatic cholestasis.
ANALISIS KEPUASAN KARYAWAN DAN AKREDITASI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH BLAMBANGAN KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Prayoga Diansanto , Lailiyah Syifaul , Eka Sari Jayanti Dian
Published: July 2024

Health services conducted by hospitals must prioritize quality and satisfaction for consumers. Internal hospital customers are hospital works that have a major role inproviding services to consumers. Analysis Methods This study uses Quantitative Descriptive Analysis method. For a large sample of staff employees taken 20% of allemployees (589 people) at Blambangan Regional General Hospital Banyuwangi regency of 125 people by systematic random sampling. The results of this studyindicate that the level of satisfaction of employee employee karywan for 68.95included in the category of satisfaction. Hospital employee satisfaction value is the highest indicator of job satisfaction that is mentally challenging with the value of employee satisfaction of 71.72, while the lowest hospital employee satisfaction valueis a reasonable indicator of Rewards satisfaction with employee satisfaction scoreof 64.23. Accreditation of Blambangan Public Hospital of Banyuwangi Regencyearned the title of Plenary. This study reviews materials for the management of the hospital to make improvements in the role of hospital employees to perform services to the community and management evaluation in improving the performance of employees in the organization.
POTENSI ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE(AI) MENERBITKAN OPINI AUDITOR ?
Authors: Soeprajitno Raden Roro Widya Ningtyas
Published: July 2024

The presence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the disruptive era is considered to be a solution for the inability of the audit to detect fraud and issue an audit opinion. The purpose of this study is to prove the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to detect fraud and issue auditor opinion. This study uses the Theoretical Framework method and uses documentation techniques for previous research and by combining competencies and capabilities between the availability of big data, the use of data mining, Artificial Neural Network and involving the final analysis through the calculation of total irregularities obtained by using Fuzzy. The results of this paper reinforce the potential for the existence of Artificial Intelligence to be able to detect fraud, and publish audit opinions independently. The author hopes to provide a broader picture of the Artificial Intelligence framework to maximize its potential to help auditors detect and issue audit opinions.
METHODS OF REDUCING THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS ON THE SENSITIVITY OF FIBER-OPTIC GYROSCOPE
Authors: Kucherenko Oleg
Published: July 2024

Thermally induced error is one of the main limitations of the sensitivity of fiber-optic gyroscopes (FOGs). The analysis of thermal sensitivity of FOG is based on the study of the Shupe effect and the elastic-optical effect in the fiber circuit. The main requirement in this case is to preserve the principle of reciprocity for rays propagating in opposite directions of the fiber circuit. It was determined that the thermally induced phase difference of these rays should not exceed ∆φ(t) ≈ 10-7 rad. To reduce the thermal sensitivity of FOG, various methods are used, including quadrupole methods of winding the fiber circuit, using frameless coils, as well as coils made of special materials. Considerable attention is paid to improving the properties of fiber and adhesive compounds to minimize the effect of temperature on the optical-physical characteristics of these components of the fiber circuit. The article examines the advantages and disadvantages of each of the methods of compensating the thermally induced error of FOG. Analytical relations characterizing the effect of temperature gradients on the sensitivity of measuring angular velocity and Sagnac phase when using FOG are given. Part of the methods for solving this problem are discussed in this article. However, the elemental base and FOG signal processing tools are constantly being improved, the transition to integrated optical technologies is being carried out, which opens up new ways to increase the sensitivity of the FOG with minimal costs. On the basis of the conducted research, practical recommendations are given to reduce the influence of temperature gradients on the sensitivity of FOG. The work can be useful for specialists working in the field of FOG design.
PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM FARE, ECONOMIC IMPACTS ON THE PURCHASING POWER OF ITS USERS, THE CASE OF BOGOTÁ, COLOMBIA
Authors: PRIETO-RODRIGUEZ German , GARCIA-BEDOYA Olmer
Published: July 2024

The public transportation fare in a city is an important determinant of accessibility, equity, and quality of life for its citizens. This article makes a comparative quantitative analysis of the fare of the public transportation system in the city of Bogotá (Colombia), its evolution over time, and the impact on the poorest users. It compares with similar systems in Latin America and other cities in the world. The findings show that the fare has had high growth in US dollars (USD 0.38 in 2000 to 0.75 in 2024), but the purchasing capacity has increased with respect to the local minimum wage (10.84 tickets with a minimum daily wage, versus 14.69 in 2024). This rate is one of the highest in Latin America and has a high impact on lower-income citizens, since the purchase of 50 monthly tickets is equivalent to 15% of the local monthly minimum wage.
Analysis of the Causes of Class XI High School Students Misconceptions on the Main Material of Chemical Equilibrium
Authors: Ramadhani Dwi Nur , Nada Ella Izzatin
Published: July 2024

Guru disekolah tidak pernah menganalisis faktor penyebab miskonsepsi siswa, karena guru tidak tahu seberapa besar siswa yang mengalami miskonsepsi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui penyebab miskonsepsi siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitiannya adalah siswa kelas XI SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Semarang. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa angket dan wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini faktor penyebab miskonsepsi yang terbesar adalah faktor yang berasal dari siswa sebesar 41,4%. Siswa menjadi penyebab utama terjadinyaa miskonsepsi dikarenakan siswa kurang tertarik  dalam pembelajaran kimia. Faktor penyebab miskonsepsi kedua yaitu kesalahan konteks mengajar sebesar 25,7%. Penyebab berikutnya adalah buku teks sebesar 25,2%. Hal ini dibuktikan ternyata dalam buku teks terdapat  multitafsir yang membuat siswa tidak dapat memahami penjelasan suatu materi. Penyebab keempat adalah metode sebesar 21%. Faktor penyebab miskonsepsi terkecil yaitu guru sebesar 10,5%, Hal ini berarti guru sudah baik dalam menyampaikan materi serta hubungan relasi antara siswa dan guru yang cukup baik.
Leadership Transformation Model Involving The School Principal's Social Interaction, Work Environment and Curriculum Changes
Authors: Naseh Naseh , Yusuf Furtasan Ali , Hardianto Ade Manggala
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian aalah untuk mengoptimalkan peran mediasi (perubahan kurilukulum dan lingkungan kerja) sebagai predictor pengaruh langsung atau tidak langsung antara interaksi social terhadap transformasional kepemimpinan. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan cara menyebarkan kuesioner (survey) pada guru sekolah dasar dikota Cilegon berjumlah 195 respon dan menguji mediasi dengan alat statistic partial least square (PLS SEM). Hasil penellitian antara lain: (1) ada pengaruh interaksi social terhadap lingkungan kerja; (2) ada pengaruh interaksi social terhadap perubahan kurikulum; (3) ada pengaruh interaksi social terhadap transformasi kepemimpinan; (4) ada pengaruh lingkungan kerja terhadap transformasi kepemimpinan; (5) ada perubahan kurikulum terhadap transformasi kepemimpinan; serta (6) peran mediasi (perubahan kurikulum dan lingkungan kerja) sebagai predictor mampu memediasi variable secara penuh (full mediation). Simpulan penelitian ini yaitu transformasional kepemimpinan pendidikan merupakan transformasi gaya kepemimpinan kepala sekolah yang dipengaruhi oleh interkasi social, perubahan kurikulum dan lingkungan kerja.
The Role of Work Achievement and Teamwork on Employee Performance by Reward Management, Happiness and Job Satisfaction at Adidas Division PT Nikomas Banten
Authors: Roihan Elip Gozali , Yusuf Furtasan Ali , Hardianto Ade Manggala
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengoptimalkan peran penghargaan, kepuasan kerja, dan rasa Bahagia sebagai factor yang memengaruhi kinerja karyawan secara tidak langsung. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif yang mengutamakan tanggapan responden atas kuesioner yang diajukan, dan sebanyak 175 responden telah memberikan jawaban. Data responden ini dipergunakan sebagai dasar pembahasan melalui pendekatan partial least square (PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1)  tidak ada  pengaruh prestasi kerja terhadap penghargaan; (2) tidak ada pengaruh prestasi kerja terhadap rasa bahagia; (3) tidak ada  pengaruh prestasi kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja; (4) tidak ada pengaruh kerjasama tim terhadap penghargaan; (5)  ada pengaruh kerjasama tim terhadap rasa bahagia; (6) bahwa   ada pengaruh kerjasama tim terhadap kepuasan kerja; (7) tidak ada pengaruh penghargaan terhadap kinerja; (8) tidak ada pengaruh rasa bahagia terhadap kinerja; serta (9)  tidak ada pengaruh kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja. Simpulan penelitian ini yaitu pengembangan model kinerja karyawan dapat dilakukan melalui penguatan Kerjasama tim, menciptakan rasa Bahagia, dan menciptakan kepuasan kerja.
Measuring the antimicrobial activity of natural extracts against food spoilage bacteria to enhance food hygiene: preliminary in vitro results
Authors: Roila Rossana , Primavilla Sara , Ranucci David , Galarini Roberta , Codini Michela , Giusepponi Danilo , Altissimi Caterina , Valiani Andrea , Casagrande Proietti Patrizia , Branciari Raffaella
Published: July 2024

Food products are prone to microbial contamination able to affect their safety and quality attributes and their nutritional value. The interest in the potential use of bioactive compounds deriving from natural matrices, especially agro-industrial wastes, as alternatives to classical food preservatives has rapidly increased. In the present study a food grade olive mill wastewater polyphenolic extract and a commercial mix were characterised and their antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity were assessed. The antimicrobial activity was preliminary assessed in vitro by agar well diffusion, subsequently by microdilution method to define the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration. The olive mill wastewater polyphenolic extract registered a higher antioxidant capacity [(13.3 ± 1.0) 102 µgTE/(100 g)] and antimicrobial efficacy (max MBC value 0.2500 g/mL) compared to commercial mix with wide potential application in food industry.
X-ray fluorescence and µ-Raman analysis of bronze sculptures by Giuseppe Renda
Authors: Caridi Francesco , Paladini Giuseppe , Faenza Pasquale , Crupi Vincenza , Majolino Domenico , Venuti Valentina
Published: July 2024

In this work, the elemental and molecular composition of three different bronze sculptures by Giuseppe Renda (one of the most famous interpreters of the Neapolitan Verism in the 19th and 20th centuries), respectively named “La Fortuna”, “Scugnizzo” and “Non mi toccare”, was performed, for the first time and in a completely non-invasive way, through a combined approach involving portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and µ-Raman techniques.
The analysis of the investigated artefacts was aimed at improving the knowledge of the Southern Italy bronze art of the second half of the 20th century, also in order to support the definition of optimized conservation strategies to be used by restorers in view of planning best restoration/cleaning interventions to minimize the conservation problems that could affect the durability of the precious artefacts.
Weed control in secondary archaeological sites by means of precision agriculture techniques
Authors: Leccese Fabio , Leccisi Mariagrazia , Schirripa Spagnolo Giuseppe
Published: July 2024

The development of intervention approaches that lessen biodeterioration and enable the realization of cultural heritage is crucial for the improvement of secondary archaeological sites. A challenge faced by tiny archeological sites is the emergence of spontaneous vegetation, particularly ruderal plants. Here, we describe the development of a weeding system that applies precision agriculture techniques. Drones will be used to identify vegetation that is considered noxious and to apply herbicides where and when they are really needed. Additionally, the efficacy of the treatments can be tracked by using a multispectral sensor.
Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Versus Sham in the Treatment of Operatively Managed Scaphoid Nonunions
Authors: White Neil J. , Patterson Ethan D. , Dhaliwal Gurpreet S. , Hildebrand Kevin A. ,   WECAN
Published: July 2024

Update

This article was updated on September 4, 2024 because of a previous error, which was discovered after the preliminary version of the article was posted online. In the Note listing the members of the Wrist and Elbow Research Group of Canada, the text that had read “Thomas T. Goetz, MD, FRCSC” now reads “Thomas J. Goetz, MD, FRCSC”.

Background:

The primary goal after open reduction and internal fixation of an established scaphoid nonunion is to achieve union. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been reported to increase the rate of union and to decrease the time to union for multiple fractures and nonunions in clinical and animal models. The evidence for LIPUS in the treatment of scaphoid nonunion, however, is sparse. The aim of this study was to assess whether active LIPUS (relative to sham LIPUS) accelerates the time to union following surgery for scaphoid nonunion.

Methods:

Adults with a scaphoid nonunion indicated for surgery were recruited for a multicenter, prospective, double-blinded randomized controlled trial. After surgery, patients self-administered activated or sham LIPUS units beginning at their first postoperative visit. The primary outcome was the time to union on serial computed tomography (CT) scans starting 6 to 8 weeks postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included patient-reported outcome measures, range of motion, and grip strength.

Results:

A total of 142 subjects completed the study (69 in the active LIPUS group and 73 in the sham group). The average age was 27 years, and the cohort was 88% male. There was no difference in time to union (p = 0.854; hazard ratio, 0.965; 95% confidence interval, 0.663 to 1.405). Likewise, there were no differences between the active LIPUS and sham groups with respect to any of the secondary outcomes, except for wrist flexion at baseline (p = 0.008) and at final follow-up (p = 0.043).

Conclusions:

Treatment with LIPUS had no effect on reducing time to union in patients who underwent surgical fixation of established scaphoid nonunions.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Association of Simple Febrile Seizure with Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children: A Case Control Study
Authors:   Pediatric Department, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushayat, KSA., Saeed Muhammad , Sumaili Mohammad Hassan Hussain Al ,   Pediatric Department, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushayat, KSA., Asmari Badriah Gharamah Al ,   Pediatric Department, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushayat, KSA., Saeed Mahnoor ,   Azra Naheed Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan., Tahir Ali Mujtaba ,   Pediatric Department, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushayat, KSA., Alrashdi Awad Salem ,   Pediatric Department, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushayat, KSA., Abdullah Saad Mufarrih Al ,   Pediatric Department, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushayat, KSA., Maqbool Ali ,   Pediatric Department, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan., Qadir Abdul ,   Pediatric Department, Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushayat, KSA., Hotiana Asma Imtiaz ,   Beaconhouse College Program, Liberty, Lahore, Pakistan.
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Background: Febrile seizure is an established entity in Pediatrics which characterizes with absence of any intracranial infection or metabolic disorders. Simple febrile seizure carries a favorable prognosis without any sequelae. Still, it emerges as the most common etiology of seizure till the age of five years. Iron deficiency anemia is a commonly witnessed micro-nutrient deficiency with a worldwide distribution. Objective: To establish relation of simple febrile seizure with iron deficiency anemia in paediatric population. Materials and Methods: Case-control study, conducted in Pediatric Medicine Department, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, Khamis Mushayat, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from1st January 2022 to 30th June 2023. The 102 children, having age six months to five years, with a diagnosis of first simple febrile seizure were assessed. Likewise, the control group included 102 febrile children without convulsion. The hematological parameters evaluated for diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia included hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, serum ferritin, serum iron, total iron binding capacity & red cell distribution width. Result: The mean age for first simple febrile seizure was 23 months. Acute respiratory infection was the most common etiology (80%). Iron deficiency anemia was identified in 17% of cases of simple febrile seizure, in contrary to 6% of cases with febrile illness without seizure, with odds ratio of 3.2. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the children with iron deficiency anemia are at significantly higher risk of having febrile convulsions compare to control group with fever but without anemia. Keywords: Fever, Febrile seizure, Iron Deficiency anemia, Serum ferritin, Hemoglobin, Convulsion, Mean corpuscular hemoglobin.
Physician Burnout during Covid-19 Pandemic in Pediatric Emergency Rooms of Low-Middle Income Country, Pakistan
Authors:   Pediatrics Emergency Department, ChildLife Foundation, Karachi, Pakistan., Qasmi Zareen , Habib Irfan ,   Pediatrics Emergency Department, ChildLife Foundation, Karachi, Pakistan., Atiq Huba ,   Pediatrics Emergency Department, ChildLife Foundation, Karachi, Pakistan., Nasir Sharmeen ,   Pediatrics Department, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan., Ahmed Shah Ali ,   Pediatrics Emergency Department, ChildLife Foundation, Karachi, Pakistan., Arif Fehmina ,   Pediatrics Department, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Background: Burnout can adversely affect the mental health, quality of life and quality of work of healthcare workers. Objective: We aimed to assess the burnout rate among physicians working in pediatric emergency rooms during COVID-19 pandemic, in public sector hospitals of Pakistan. Materials and Methods: It is a descriptive study performed in March 2021. We included all physicians working in the pediatric emergency departments of 9 public sector hospitals of Sindh, Pakistan, excluding those who didn’t give consent. The participants were sent an online questionnaire based survey, comprising of Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) tool along with three added COVID-19 specific questions. It was disseminated electronically. Data was analyzed using SPSS ver22. Result: A total of n=249 physicians filled the forms out of 320, giving a response rate of 77.8%. Majority 187 (75.1%) were females. Most of the physicians were females n=187 (75.1%) and worked primarily in emergency department n=186 (74.7%). The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) score revealed that 88 (35.3%) of the physicians had burnout (Score > 50). The most common component was Personal burnout in 122 (48.9%). Physicians working in emergency department, full time shifts and at junior designations had higher rates of burnout (P value <0.05). Conclusion: Burnout is a significant problem in pediatric emergency departments, specifically during the COVID-19 pandemic. Timely training and provision of supplies along with safety, security and alleviation of fear are important strategies to overcome burnout. Keywords: Burnout, Emergency departments, COVID-19, Pediatric emergency, Mental health, Health care professionals, Pandemic, Healthcare Quality indicators.
Outcome of Delayed Distally Based Sural Flap for Distal Tibial and Foot Defects
Authors:   Department of Plastic Surgery, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan., Haider Syed Mohammad , Khan Firdous ,   Department of Plastic Surgery, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan., Shadman Muhammad ,   Department of Plastic Surgery, Burns and Trauma Center, Peshawar, Pakistan., Ahmad Adeeba ,   Department of Plastic Surgery, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan., Hayat Waqas ,   Department of Plastic Surgery, Burns and Trauma Center, Peshawar, Pakistan., Wali Abida Binte ,   Department of Plastic Surgery, Burns and Trauma Center, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Background: Lower limb defects can be tricky to repair. We have limited options for reconstruction in the leg and foot region. Sural flap is considered as the workhorse for reconstruction of these defects. We present our case series of delayed reverse sural flap. Objective: To determine the outcome of Delayed Distally based sural flaps for distal tibial and foot defects. Materials and Methods: Study was carried out at plastic and reconstructive unit HMC and MMC. Over a period of 10 years from January, 2009 to December, 2018. This is a cross sectional study, presenting with soft tissue defects of foot. Patients presented in the emergency, as an outpatient or as referrals from another center. All patients were admitted and operated as elective cases. Result: In 24 patients, there were no complications. Two patients (6%) had partial flap loss and required revision surgeries. Two patients had marginal flap necrosis and were treated conservatively. Conclusion: This study presents our experience with use of reverse sural flap. It provides a reliable option for foot and distal leg defects. It is relatively easy to do and easy to learn. It can be attempted in centers where expertise or facilities for microvascular surgery are not available and in patients who are not ideal candidates for a free flap. Keywords: Sural flap, Foot and leg defects, Delayed reverse sural flap, Peroneal perforators, Fasciocutaneous flap, Sural angiosome.
Assessment of Knowledge about Referral Letters among Fresh Graduates and General Dentists of Karachi
Authors:   Department of Operative Dentistry, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan., Iqbal Marium , Sultan Rooha ,   Department of Dental Education, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan., Parvez Hana ,   Department of Orthodontics, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Background: Medical or dental referrals are a very significant part of a health professionals’ job. It is imperative that they are proficient in developing effective referral letters with relevant information and sequence. Objective: To find out how much the dentists know about effective referral letter writing. To assess the knowledge of fresh dental graduates and general dentists in Karachi regarding referral letters. Materials and Methods: It is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study. A questionnaire was developed consisting of two parts; first part pertaining to demographic data while second part consisted of multiple-choice questions. Convenience sampling technique was adopted and a sample size of n=75 was collected. Our study setting was Jinnah Medical and Dental College for fresh graduates while general dentists were approached from all over Karachi. The fresh graduates who were absent on the day of data collection and anyone who did not give consent was excluded from the study. Participants were approached by one of the investigators to fill out the designated questionnaires. Study duration spanned from October 2022 to January 2023. Data was documented in SPSS version 25 and frequencies calculated. T-test was used for comparison. Result: Knowledge of n=35 fresh graduates and n=40 general dentists regarding referral letters was assessed. 31.4% of fresh graduates and 25% of general dentists exhibited good knowledge on cut-off scores. No significant comparative difference in the level of knowledge of the two groups was determined regarding the components of a referral letter. Conclusion: Participants were well informed and knowledgeable about the relevance and importance of a referral letter. Keywords: Dental referral, Effective referral, Fresh graduates, General dentists, Questionnaire, Treatment.