bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TEORI FRAUD PENTAGON: PERAN DALAM MENDETEKSI KECURANGAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR KEUANGAN TAHUN 2018-2020)
Authors: Oktaviani Hesti , Istiqomah Dyah Febriantina
Published: October 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of the fraud pentagon theory element on fraudulent financial statements in financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Elements of the pentagon deception theory cannot be analyzed directly, but through proxies. Pressure is proxied by financial targets and external pressures. Opportunity is proxied by ineffective oversight. Rationalization is proxied by auditor turnover. Competence is proxied by the change of director. Arrogance is represented by the CEO's photo frequency. This type of research is quantitative because the data used are in the form of numbers, namely the annual financial report. The sample of this research is 54 financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2018-2020 obtained by purposive sampling method. The data analysis method used is logistic regression through SPSS version 26. The results show that the elements of pressure and opportunity affect fraudulent financial statements. While the elements of rationalization, competence and arrogance have no effect on fraudulent financial statements.
PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PENGHINDARAN PAJAK PADA PERUSAHAAN MULTINASIONAL BERDASARKAN MULTINASIONALISM, PEMANFAATAN TAX HAVEN DAN THIN CAPITALIZATION
Authors: Ayuningtyas Fitria , Pratiwi Adhitya Putri
Published: October 2022

This study aims to analyze tax avoidance decision making in multinational companies based on multinationalism, the use of Tax Havens and Thin Capitalization. This study uses quantitative methods and uses secondary data from multinational companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2016-2020. The sample used in this study used purposive sampling technique and obtained a sample of 32 companies. The data analysis method in this study uses multiple linear regression analysis with the statistical program Eviews 10. The results of this study prove that: Multinationality has a significant effect on tax avoidance, Tax Haven has a significant effect on tax avoidance, and Thin Capitalization doesn’t have significant effect on tax avoidance.
PENGARUH AKUNTABILITAS, KEPEMIMPINAN DAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA DI KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Ayuandani Kiki , Muniruddin Said
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of accountability, leadership and community participation on the effectiveness of village fund management in Banda Aceh City. The population is the Village Head and Village Treasurer in all gampongs in Banda Aceh totaling 90 Gampong with 180 respondents. In this study, the sample used was the entire population. Multiple linear regression test was used to test the research hypothesis. Simultaneous and partial research findings Accountability, Leadership and Community Participation affect the effectiveness of village fund management.
DYNAMIC CAPABILITY THEORY: PERSPEKTIF AKUNTANSI
Authors: Evayani Evayani , Mutia Evi , Saleh Muhammad , Rahmawati Syarifah
Published: October 2022

Dynamic capabilities are described as a company's ability to change, and given the changing environment. The dynamic capabilities perspective is in its efforts to explain competitive advantage in a dynamic environment. Currently, dynamic capabilities have been implemented in various aspects, including, marketing, production, resources, and also accounting. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the application of Dynamic Capability Theory, viewed from an accounting perspective. This research method is descriptive analysis.  The analysis, found that dynamic capability theory, through an accounting perspective, is related to the fields of sharia accounting, government accounting, accounting information systems, financial accounting and corporate governance. The analysis carried out descriptively is a limitation of this study. Therefore, it is recommended that in the future, it can be done by interviewing stakeholders.
Analysis of Physics Education Students' Difficulties in Electricity and Magnetic Concepts in The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kade* Amiruddin , Supriyatman Supriyatman , Darsikin Darsikin , Zaky Muhammad
Published: October 2022

This research is based on the behavior of students who are confused about explaining a natural phenomenon when taking electricity and magnetism courses. The covid-19 pandemic, which requires online courses, adds to the problems in improving the quality of learning in electricity and magnetism courses. As prospective teachers, physics education students with low concept mastery are certainly very concerned because they will teach it to their students. So this research aims to identify difficulties and recommendations for learning electricity and magnetism. The qualitative descriptive method is used to obtain a description of the problem, and obtain recommendations for effective and efficient learning. Learning is done online through zoom meetings and LMS.fkip.untad.ac.id. Data was collected by testing the mastery of the concept of electricity and magnetism. The test was given online to 40 students and interviews with 5 students as respondents. The results showed that the biggest difficulty of students in applying the concept of the potential vector was about 70%, analysis on the application of Ampere's law was about 47.5%, applying the concept of the field in a cylinder about 30%, and applying the Biot-Savart law was about 25%. It can be concluded that there are still many students who have difficulty mastering the concepts of electricity and magnetism after participating in online learning
ЗАГАЛЬНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ДИДАКТИЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ СТУДЕНТІВ МЕДИЧНИХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЕЙ В ОСВІТНЬОМУ ПРОСТОРІ ЗВО
Authors: Давидова Жанна , Лісова Марія
Published: October 2022

У статті розглядаються концептуально-категоріальні аспекти розробки дидактичної системи інформаційної компетентності студентів медичних спеціальностей в освітньому просторі університету. Проаналізовано декілька моделей, як теоретична основа для розробки та обґрунтування авторської дидактичної системи, що складається з таких компонентів: прогностично-цільовий, концептуально-методологічний, теоретико-змістовий, діяльнісно-процедурний, результативно-оцінювальний. Представлено змістове наповнення компонентів.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВИКЛАДАННЯ НАВЧАЛЬНОЇ ДИСЦИПЛІНИ “ПРАКТИЧНИЙ КУРС ОСНОВНОЇ ІНОЗЕМНОЇ МОВИ” КУРСАНТАМ ПЕРШОГО РОКУ НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Сніца Тетяна
Published: October 2022

У статті проаналізовано особливості проведення занять із вивчення англійської мови курсантами першого року навчання Національної академії Державної прикордонної служби України імені Богдана Хмельницького; обґрунтовано необхідність використання інтерактивних технологій, ігрових методів навчання з метою формування умінь та розвитку навичок спілкування іноземною мовою. Звертається увага на те, що вивчення іноземних мов є невід’ємною складовою професійної підготовки майбутніх офіцерів-прикордонників з огляду на особливості виконання службових обов’язків у пунктах пропуску через державний кордон України.
НАУКОВО-ДОСЛІДНИЦЬКА РОБОТА ЯК ЗАСІБ ФОРМУВАННЯ НАВЧАЛЬНО-ДОСЛІДНИЦЬКИХ УМІНЬ ТА ДОСЛІДНИЦЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ У ЗДОБУВАЧІВ В ЗАКЛАДАХ ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ТА ПОЗАШКІЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Дзюбенко Олена
Published: October 2022

У статті розглянуто окремі етапи формування навчально-дослідницьких умінь та дослідницької діяльності у здобувачів закладів середньої та позашкільної освіти. Розкрито роль закладів загальної середньої та позашкільної освіти на формування школяра-дослідника під час виконання науково-дослідницької роботи. Запропонована схема-модель проведення дослідження із визначення якості води у водних екосистем. У схемі відображенні три етапи поетапного дослідження. Перший спрямований на відбір об’єкту дослідження (розкрито основний вибір критеріїв та об’єкти дослідження). Другий етап – вибір методик для проведення експерименту. Розкрито критерії, за якими обирають дослідні ділянки та відповідно наведені ідентифікатори для проведення експерименту. Третій етап спрямований на аналіз отриманих результатів дослідження, формулювання відповідних висновків та планування наступних етапів дослідження. Розглянуто основні етапи при формуванні наукового дослідження від формування теми, завдань дослідження до обговорення та формування висновків.
ПІДГОТОВКА АНДРОГОГІВ У ЗАРУБІЖНИХ КРАЇНАХ: ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Годецька Тетяна
Published: October 2022

У статті проаналізовано праці українських вчених щодо підготовки андрагогів у зарубіжних країнах. Висвітлено виявлені автором науково й експериментально обґрунтовані перспективні шляхи підготовки андрагогів. Розглянуто інноваційні науково-практичні розробки різних зарубіжних країн (США, Угорщини, Швеції, Грецької Республіки) щодо професійної підготовки андрагогів.

Зарубіжний досвід позитивних ідей з професійної підготовки андрагогів може бути впроваджений в освітню практику України.
The Assessment of Community Participation in The Development of Marine Tourism in the Spermonde Islands
Authors: Nugroho Fajar Aditya , Eldina Ginta , Novanda Nino Wahyu , Br. Ginting Nicola Tesalonika , Putri Regita Dwi
Published: October 2022

As a type of mass tourism that continues to experience an increasing trend of market interest, marine tourism is a very prospective sector to be developed. Especially in its role to improve the welfare of the community in tourism destinations. This can be a solution for many areas that have marine tourism potential but the community is still not developed, such as the Spermonde Islands in Indonesia. By using quantitative descriptive research methods, measurable data in the form of public opinion on questions asked based on indicators collected, and the extent to which the Spermonde Islands community is involved in the development of marine tourism can be mapped. The results state that in general the people of the Spermonde Islands can be said to have participated in tourism activities even though they are still at a lower level. So, in the future, several strategies are needed to increase community participation.

Keywords: marine tourism; community participation; community development
Severe acute kidney injury induced by crescentic glomerulonephritis in a child with infective endocarditis
Authors: Yılmaz Neslihan , Yüksel Selçuk , Gürses Dolunay , Girişgen İlknur , Becerir Tülay , Yılmaz Münevver , Ufuk Furkan , Gülten Gülsün
Published: October 2022

Background. Kidney involvement related to infective endocarditis (IE) may present with different clinical findings. The most common histopathological finding of renal involvement is a combination of proliferative and exudative glomerulonephritis. However, severe acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN) is extremely rare in children with IE. To date, only 4 pediatric cases with IE-induced CGN had been reported. We present a 14-year old girl with IE-induced CGN.
Case. A 14-year old girl with fever, macroscopic hematuria, oliguria, and acute kidney injury (AKI) was admitted to our clinic. The medical history revealed that the patient had undergone several cardiac interventions due to truncus arteriosus type 1, and she recovered from IE-induced glomerulonephritis following antibiotherapy six months ago. During admission, the patient was diagnosed with IE according to one major (positive imaging finding) and three minor (fever, predisposing cardiac disease, and immunological criterion) criteria. Immediate antibiotic treatment was initiated. A kidney biopsy was performed, which showed crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN with crescents, > 50%). Daily pulse steroid (3 days), monthly pulse cyclophosphamide (6 doses), and oral steroid (2 mg/kg/day) therapy were initiated with gradual dose tapering. The patient underwent 12 hemodialysis sessions until the 38 < sup > th < /sup > day of the treatment. She was discharged on the 45th day of treatment with normal kidney function tests and negative acute phase reactants. Treatment was maintained with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) after a 6-month course of cyclophosphamide. MMF was discontinued in the 12th month. At the 18thmonth follow-up visit the patient had mild proteinuria, and was on ramipril therapy.
Conclusions. The occurrence of CGN should be considered in children with predisposing cardiac disease, who develop hematuria, proteinuria, and severe AKI. Although antibiotic therapy alone is often sufficient in this immune complex GN induced by infection, early initiation of additional immunosuppressive therapy in the presence of CGN may be beneficial for long term preservation of kidney functions.
Complicated acute appendicitis in children: the importance of stewarding antibiotic prescriptions
Authors: Ghidini Filippo , Virgone Calogero , Donà Daniele , Frigo Anna Chiara , Leon Francesco Fascetti , Gamba Piergiorgio
Published: October 2022

Background. The aim was to assess the success of a three-drug regimen, consisting of cefazoline, metronidazole and gentamicine, for the antimicrobial treatment of complicated appendicitis and to investigate predictors of failure.
Methods. This retrospective study included patients who had undergone appendectomy for complicated appendicitis from 2013 to 2018. The shift to second-line antibiotics was considered a failure. The choice was based upon clinical deterioration. Patients were grouped into 2 groups: localized complicated appendicitis (LCA) and extensively complicated appendicitis (ECA) for the study purpose. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify predictors of failure.
Results. Ninety patients (65.2%) with LCA and 48 patients (35%) with ECA were included. Three-drug regimen failed in 50 patients (36%) with a higher rate in the ECA group (50%, p=0.017). In a multivariate analysis, this failure was found to be associated with ECA (adjusted OR 3.00 [1.2-7.4], p=0.041). Children with ECA experienced a longer hospital stay (median length 8 days, p < 0.001) and antimicrobial therapy (median length 8 days, p < 0.001). However, no difference in the rate of surgical site infections was found (p=0.514).
Conclusions. The institutional antibiotic stewardship program highlighted a high failure rate for the old threedrug regimen. A new protocol should be recommended, especially for the patients affected by ECA.
Comparison of miRNA expression in patients with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and non-atopic asthma
Authors: Tunçer Fatma , Şahiner Ümit Murat , Ocak Melike , Ünsal Hilal , Soyer Özge , Şekerel Bülent E , Birben Esra
Published: October 2022

Background. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding molecules that play a significant regulatory role in several allergic diseases. However, their role in allergic rhinitis is still not clearly understood. The aim of this study was to identify the candidate miRNAs that can discriminate between different forms of allergic rhinitis and also differ in and out of the allergen season.
Methods. The study included 20 healthy children, 20 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), 20 non-atopic asthmatics (NA-A), and 12 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR). Patients with SAR were evaluated comparatively in and outside the allergen season. The changes in the expressions of selected miRNAs (miR- 125b, miR-126, miR-133b, miR-181a, and miR-206) that were found related to the allergic diseases according to the literature were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
Results. In the SAR group, expression levels of miR-125b (p=0.040) and miR181a (p=0.014) were lower than in the controls outside of the allergen season. Expression levels of miR-181a were different between patients with SAR and NA-A (p=0.003), also between the SAR and PAR (p=0.001) groups in multiple comparisons. In contrast, the expression of miR-206 was found to be decreased in patients with NA-A and PAR compared with the controls (p=0.005 and p=0.024, respectively). In correlation analysis, expression levels of miR-125b and peak expiratory flow (PEF) values were found to be negatively correlated in the SAR (p=0.013) and PAR (p=0.029) groups. The expression level of miR-206 was positively correlated with total IgE levels in PAR (p=0.007). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that miR-125b and miR-181a predicted the risk of SAR (p=0.040 and p=0.014, respectively), and miR-206 for NA-A and PAR (p=0.005 and p=0.024, respectively).
Conclusions. Our study showed that expression levels of miRNAs were different according to the type of allergic diseases and the presence of allergens. miR-181a and miR-125b can be candidate biomarkers for SAR, and miR-206 for NA-A and PAR.
Política social y laboral en el Cono Sur en el siglo XXI. Progresos y retrocesos en un nuevo contexto político
Authors: Castillo Fernández Marcelo , Midaglia Carmen
Published: October 2022

Los cambios de orientación política de los gobiernos Latinoamericanos se han transformado en un campo fértil de estudios para identificar diversos cambios en materia de políticas públicas, especialmente en las de bienestar social. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las reformas introducidas en las administraciones políticas calificadas de Izquierda –o Progresistas– y de Derecha –o Conservadoras– en Argentina, Brasil y Uruguay desde inicios del siglo xxi hasta el presente en las políticas de asistencia social y laboral. Estas dos de prestaciones públicas tienen especial relevancia socioeconómica y política, en la medida que la de asistencia se dirige a poblaciones vulnerables con incidencia electoral, y las laborales a grupos organizados con capacidad de incidir opinión pública. Las fuentes de información que respaldan este trabajo son secundarias, relativas a documentos oficiales de programas de asistencia y laborales y estadísticas provenientes de sistemas de información pública, a lo que se agregan estudios técnicos de ambas políticas sociales.
PENGARUH PERGANTIAN MANAJEMEN, UKURAN KAP, AUDIT DELAY TERHADAP AUDITOR SWITCHING
Authors: Elizabeth Mourent , Mayangsari Sekar
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menilai pengaruh auditor switching pada perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2018 hingga 2020, dengan mempertimbangkan perubahan manajemen, ukuran KAP, dan audit delay. Karena sebab dan akibat adalah sifat penilaian, metodologi penelitian kuantitatif digunakan diadopsi (sebab-akibat). Metode purposive sampling menghasilkan sampel 28 perusahaan dari populasi target 49 perusahaan untuk penelitian ini. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa Perubahan Manajemen, Ukuran KAP, dan Audit Delay memiliki dampak yang substansial dan parsial terhadap Auditor Switching. Pergantian Auditor tidak terpengaruh oleh Perubahan Manajemen.
PSYCHOLOGISTS IN GHANA: ANALYSIS OF THE STANDING REGISTER
Authors: Quarshie Emmanuel Nii-Boye , Annor Francis , Andoh-Arthur Johnny , Tagoe Theophilus , Osei-Poku Evelyn
Published: October 2022

The maiden register of the Ghana Psychological Council published in September 2015 represents the first national official standing register of psychologists in Ghana. Drawing on this maiden register, this paper presents a seminal analysis of the distribution of psychologists in Ghana in terms of categories of specialisation, gender composition, areas of employment, location of practice, and institutions of training. A copy of the gazette of registered psychologists was obtained from the office of the registrar of the Ghana Psychological Council and quantitative content analysis was conducted on the list of registered mainstream psychologists. Among other things, the analysis shows that there are 166 (largely Ghanaian-trained) psychologists categorised into six main subfields in the country. Females represent the majority in terms of gender composition. Colleges/polytechnics/universities are the main areas of employment; the practising locations of 69.9% of the psychologists are in Accra, with no psychologist registered from the Brong-Ahafo and Upper East regions. Despite the challenges with the maiden register of psychologists in Ghana, the register does provide a good database for reflections on the availability, diversity and distribution of psychologists in Ghana.
THE UTILITY OF THE NEO-PI-3 IN A SAMPLE OF SOUTH AFRICAN ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Boshoff Emma , Laher Sumaya
Published: October 2022

Psychological tests, particularly personality tests, are routinely employed for career guidance and counselling, in university selection procedures and therapeutic settings with adolescents. The NEO-PI-3 is the newest revision in the NEO family of personality instruments and has been revised to suit adolescent populations. This research explored the utility of the NEO-PI-3 in a convenience sample of 329 learners from a public school in Johannesburg, South Africa. Utility was established using a mixed methods approach where internal consistency reliability and construct validity of the NEO-PI-3 was explored using Cronbachâ€™s alpha and exploratory factor analysis. Learners were also asked to comment on the appropriateness of the NEO-PI-3 items. These comments were subjected to thematic analysis. Reliability coefficients for the NEO-PI-3 scales were variable. The factor structure for this sample was incongruent with cross-cultural samples but a five factor solution resembling the normative sample was found once the Compliance facet was removed. 36.2% of the sample reported experiencing difficulty with understanding words and items on the NEO-PI-3. The most dominant theme identified amongst the learners was a lack of understanding of items and words. This was followed by problems with item construction, questionnaire length and the repetitive nature of items. The results suggest that the NEO-PI-3 may not be used in its current form in the South African context. Further research and possible test adaption would be needed before using the instrument.
NURSING STUDENTSâ€™ LIVED EXPERIENCES OF ATTENDING A PSYCHOEDUCATIONAL STRESS MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME
Authors: Mason Henry D.
Published: October 2022

Nursing is a stressful profession. Research indicates that nursing students, who may be inexperienced and still developing professional skills, may be particularly vulnerable to secondary stress. Psycho-educational stress management programmes could assist nursing students to address the challenges associated with secondary stress. This article reports on a qualitative study that explored 13 nursing studentsâ€™ (female = 11, mean age = 19.38, range 18-22) lived experiences of attending a psycho-educational stress management programme. Data were collected by means of in-depth interviews and narrative sketches. A central theme emerged following the qualitative analysis, namely: a journey of personal development. The central theme is presented in terms of three subthemes, namely: (1) roadblocks and opportunities: Distressing and satisfying experiences, (2) the choice: disengagement of meaning, and (3) embracing resilience. Overall the findings indicate that the psycho-educational stress management programme served as a valuable approach to address secondary stress among nursing students. Limitations and avenues for further research are discussed.
INCOMPLETE SEX-REASSIGNMENT SURGERY AND PSYCHOSOCIAL FUNCTIONING: A PRELIMINARY STUDY
Authors: MaseTshaba Musa , Seeletse Solly Matshonisa
Published: October 2022

Sex reassignment surgery is a process which includes a decision to change oneâ€™s biological sex through the use of medical intervention. Trans-sexualism is a condition in which a person experiences a discontinuity between their assigned sex and what they feel their core gender is. For example, a person who was identified as â€œfemaleâ€ at birth, raised as a girl, and has lived being perceived by others as aâ€ womanâ€, may feel that their core sense of who they are is a closer fit with â€œmaleâ€. If this sense is strong and persistent, this person may decide to take steps to ensure that others perceive them as a man. The impact of gender affirming surgery on interpersonal relationships was studied and presented. The research question was: How does an individual with incomplete sex change surgery experience him/herself in relationships with males and females? The predominant finding was one of a mixed clinical picture wherein although the sex change does bring satisfaction in one area of their lives, it also raises dissatisfaction when it comes to other aspects of their lives. Psychotherapy and surgical intervention are to be considered jointly in order to aid effective integration for individuals considering such an option.
TRANSITING FROM RURAL HIGH SCHOOL TO UNIVERSITY: THE CHALLENGES OF GETTING INTO AN APPROPRIATE DEGREE PROGRAMME
Authors: Maxwell Giliana Mulalo , Mudhovozi Pilot
Published: October 2022

Transiting from rural high school to university is stressful enough, but enrolling into a suitable degree programme is even more demanding in this era of heightened competition for places at institutions of higher learning. Thus, the purpose of this study was to find out how rural high school leavers get admitted to tertiary institutions and how they go about choosing their degrees. A phenomenological qualitative design strategy was adopted for this research. This methodology facilitated the exploration of rural first year studentsâ€™ adaptation experiences at university and it also facilitated the highlighting of some of the issues affecting them in getting a place for tertiary studies. Purposive sampling was used to select participants for the study which was coupled with focus-group interviews for data collection while thematic content analysis was used to determine the transitional experiences of the participating students. The results of this study indicate that there is hardship in getting into a suitable degree programme and this is more dominant among learners from rural areas than among those from urban areas. The study further revealed that challenges such as limited spaces in higher institutions, not meeting minimum selection requirements as well as economic challenges are more widespread among learners from rural areas. It is envisaged that the findings of the study will assist University Faculties and Heads of Departments to better understand the transitional experiences of rural school leavers.
TRANSFORMING PSYCHOLOGY: ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN PRACTICE
Authors: Rafaely Daniella
Published: October 2022

This article explores transformation challenges in postgraduate psychology in the Clinical Masters programme at the University of the Witwatersrand. Although black students form the majority of students in the undergraduate psychology degree programme, this trend is reversed in postgraduate progammes throughout the psychology department, where white students form the bulk of the class and black students make up only a small percentage of the numbers. The research aims to offer a clear and coherent analysis of the underlying inequalities that underpin the racial unevenness between undergraduate and postgraduate psychology classes, while at the same time interrogating the very notions that serve to reproduce this uneven terrain. The research is conducted using both psychology lecturers, and students in undergraduate and postgraduate psychology programs at Wits, and is made up of a sample of twelve in-depth interviews from postgraduate students, undergraduate students and lecturers. These have been analysed qualitatively, using a Thematic Discourse Analysis. Findings centre on the pivotal role that language plays in the subject of racial transformation, both as an indicator of socioeconomic status and as a barrier to the psychology profession. Language is explored for its ideologically bound nature and the ways that this manifests both demographically and institutionally in the University of the Witwatersrand.
EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY AND ACCULTURATION IN A COMMUNITY SAMPLE FROM JOHANNESBURG, SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Pillay Kimera , Laher Sumaya
Published: October 2022

The Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality and the NEO-PI-R are regarded as the gold standard in personality assessment against which all other tests are compared. The universality of both the model and the test is accepted but evidence from African and Asian contexts is less conclusive. Recently it has been argued that acculturation may be amongst the most important factors influencing responses on personality scales like the NEO-PI-R, thereby influencing replicability of the FFM. Thus, this study explored the relationship between personality and acculturation using the NEO-PI-3 and the South African Acculturation Scale (SAAS) in a convenience sample of 272 South Africans in Johannesburg. Significant personality differences were found between acculturated and unacculturated individuals. With the exception of two Openness to Experience facets (Aesthetics and Values) and two Agreeableness facets (Straightforwardness and Compliance) significant agreement was found between the factor structures of acculturated and unacculturated individuals. These results are discussed within the context of the universality of the FFM and the NEO-PI-3 and the role of acculturation in this context.
DOES MENTAL HEALTH CARE REALLY CARE FOR MENTAL HEALTH? A PERSONAL REFLECTION
Authors: Campbell Claudia
Published: October 2022

The phrase â€˜psychology in actionâ€™ may automatically surface positive connotations to the effects of psychological interventions. However, the fact that something is â€˜in actionâ€™ or moving, that someone is â€˜doing somethingâ€™, does not automatically indicate favourable outcomes. Misled or badly executed actions can be damaging. Psychiatric care facilities exist primarily to treat the psychological and psychiatric difficulties faced by individuals. Even before the appointment with the therapist and doctor, the mere existence of a psychiatric facility represents â€˜psychology in actionâ€™. Everything from the appearance of the building to the attitude of the staff contributes to how the facility is putting psychology into action. Therefore, from the moment one is admitted to a psychiatric institution â€˜psychology in actionâ€™ begins to influence the patient. Theory and therapeutic techniques are essential for effectively putting psychology into action. Indeed, a plethora of information exists regarding the academics of psychology. However, how often are mental health care practitioners made to look at the reality of their patients and clientsâ€™ genuine, lived experiences of psychology in action? It is this question which, in light of personal experience, will be kept in mind while reflecting on the subjective experience of both a damaging, and subsequently effective experience of two psychiatric institutions.
Critical Reflections on Professional Behaviour and Understanding â€˜Professionalismâ€™ in a Healthcare Career
Authors: Mbatha Nombuso
Published: October 2022

This study contextualises the meaning and definition of professionalism. It investigates the held perspective of what elements or components create a foundation of a professional. The aim was to explore the need of understanding professionalism as a term and practice at university. Furthermore, the aim was to engage students in a critical reflexive process in order to gain deeper understanding of the discourses that have influence in their lives, and how it impacts both their personal and professional lives. Banduraâ€™s Social Learning Theory and Bronfenbrennerâ€™s Ecological Systems Theory were used to substantiate the argument of the study topic. This paper is an integration of two research studies that examine professionalism. Firstly, a systematic literature search was conducted and narrative synthesis approach was used to analyse homogenous studies that investigated professionalism in the healthcare sector. Secondly, a mastersâ€™ cohort engaged in a process of sharing life stories to examine the influence of dominant social discourses (race; gender; and class) and how it has given meaning to how they view the world and gives meaning to the things around them. The purpose was to develop critical reflexivity for the students in an educational setting. The outcomes from both research studies suggest that professionalism is a term that is complex to define; while, also promoting the importance of engaging in life story work that necessitates introspection and coming to understand who we are and what world we live in by acquiring the skill to be critically reflexive.
EXPLORING INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS AMONG YOUNG ADULTS WHO WERE RAISED AS ONLY CHILDREN IN CAPE TOWN
Authors: Twigg Jennifer , Roomaney Rizwana
Published: October 2022

It is thought that individuals raised as only children (i.e., children with no siblings) have difficulty forming interpersonal relationships. This study explored how young adults who were raised as only children experienced interpersonal relationships, specifically their relationships with peers, parents and romantic partners. Qualitative interviews were conducted with seven young adults who are only children. Participants were recruited using snowball sampling. Interviews were analysed using thematic content analysis. Participants described their relationships with their parents as good, often referring to them as friends or older siblings. All participants shared that they had limited experience with romantic relationships. Since many of the participantsâ€™ parents were divorced, parental divorce may have influenced the parent-child dynamic and deterred participants from entering into romantic relationships. However, even participants whose parents were married reported few romantic relationships and some believed that this may have been due to not having siblings who could have acted as role models in romantic relationships. The young adults also reported that being an only child did not affect their ability to make friends and viewed personality as more influential in forming friendships than being an only child. Whilst participants reported growing up as only children to be a largely positive experience, all expressed a desire to share a sibling bond.Â
Clustering of handwritten digits by Kohonen neural network
Authors: Latypova Dina Sergeevna , Tumakov Dmitrii Nikolaevich
Published: October 2022

Clustering of handwritten digits is carried out for sixty thousand
images contained in the training sample of the MNIST database. For
clustering, the Kohonen neural network is used. For each handwritten
digit, the optimal number of clusters (no more than 50) is determined.
When determining the distance between objects (images of handwritten
digits), the Euclidean norm is used. Checking the correctness
of building clusters is carried out using data from the test sample
of the MNIST database. The test sample contains ten thousand images. It
is concluded that the images from the test sample belong to the "correct
digit" cluster with a probability of more than 90%. For
each digit, an F-measure is calculated to evaluate the clusters. The
best F-measures are obtained for digits 0 and 1 (F-mean is 0.974). The
worst values are obtained for the number 9 (F-mean is 0.903). A cluster
analysis is also carried out, which allows drawing conclusions about
possible errors in recognition by the Kohonen neural network.
Intersections of clusters for images of handwritten digits are
constructed. Examples of intersections of clusters are given, as well as
examples of images that are incorrectly recognized by the neural
network.
Infecção relacionada ao uso de cateter totalmente implantado em oncologia: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Martins Geórgia Freitas Rolim , Silva Evelyn Pereira da , Santos Severina Genesio dos
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Analisar e descrever os cuidados, no tocante ao uso do cateter totalmente implantado nos pacientes com câncer, a fim de destacar medidas mitigadoras aos fatores relacionados à infecção. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo, a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de artigos científicos indexados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, tais como: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Literatura Internacional em Ciências da Saúde, Base de Dados de Enfermagem e a Scientific Electronic Library Online, publicados no período entre 2017 a 2021, gratuitos e nos idiomas português e inglês. Aos estudos incluídos aplicou-se o instrumento adaptado Critical Appraisal Skills Pro gramme, para qualificar a investigação metodológica. Resultados: Foram selecionados 10 artigos, todos voltados à assistência de enfermagem voltada a pacientes portadores de cateter totalmente implantado. Considerações finais: Observou-se que o conhecimento do enfermeiro no manuseio do cateter totalmente implantado é de grande importância a fim de evitar infecções e que muitos profissionais não conhecem o dispositivo e não dominam a técnica de forma segura.
HELP2CARE: DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UMA PLATAFORMA COLABORATIVA PARA O AUTO CUIDADO DA PESSOA COM DEPENDÊNCIA
Authors: SOARES Elsa Marta , QUERİDO Ana , CAROÇO João , GOMES Nuno , TEİXEİRA Liliana , DİXE Maria Dos Anjos
Published: October 2022

Introdução: A elevada taxa de readmissão hospitalar de pessoas com dependência no autocuidado é um problema atual preocupante e com impacto nas instituições de saúde nacionais e internacionais. Uma das principais causas relaciona-se com a necessidade de capacitar os cuidadores informais com competências adequadas para o cuidar. Atualmente o processo de capacitação, quando realizado, ocorre antes do momento da alta hospitalar de forma informal. Objetivos: Desenvolver um modelo colaborativo de capacitação que inclua uma plataforma digital composta por uma aplicação web e uma aplicação móvel, permitindo e facilitando o apoio na capacitação dos cuidadores informais para cuidar do seu familiar em casa e capacitar profissionais de saúde para a utilização desse modelo. Pretende-se, assim, diminuir a taxa de readmissão hospitalar da pessoa dependente no autocuidado; melhorar a sua qualidade de vida e dos seus cuidadores informais. Método: projeto transdisciplinar, colaborativo de aprendizagem baseada na prática que incluiu a participação de estudantes de diferentes áreas científicas (terapia da fala, terapia ocupacional, dietética e nutrição, fisioterapia, enfermagem, engenharia informática, artes e design), professores, investigadores e parceiros. Projeto de ação-investigação no qual os materiais desenvolvidos foram sendo testados na população-alvo o que permitiu reajustes durante o desenvolvimento da plataforma. Resultados: Foi desenvolvido o Modelo de Capacitação do Cuidador Informal para Cuidar da Pessoa com Dependência que contempla instrumentos de avaliação das necessidades de autocuidado, a plataforma Help2Care e a respetiva aplicação móvel. Esta é destinada aos cuidadores informais e profissionais de saúde e permite aceder a toda a informação necessária referente às necessidades da pessoa com dependência no autocuidado e comunicar com o profissional de saúde responsável pelo caso. Na plataforma existem materiais de capacitação nas diferentes áreas do autocuidado (higiene e conforto, alimentação, vestir e despir, medicação, mobilidade e transferência, comunicação, eliminação vesical e intestinal, resolução de problemas) e em diferentes formatos (vídeo, fotografia, imagem e manuais). Foi também desenvolvido o Manual do Cuidador: apoiar no autocuidado de utentes e cuidadores informais, disponível na plataforma. Conclusões: Os objetivos delineados foram atingidos o que se reflete no material desenvolvido, bem como nas sessões desenvolvidas a nível nacional para capacitar os profissionais de saúde para o uso do Modelo de Capacitação do Cuidador Informal para Cuidar da Pessoa com Dependência. Estima-se que as ferramentas desenvolvidas contribuam para a diminuição da taxa de readmissão hospitalar da pessoa com dependência no autocuidado, contribuindo para a melhoria da qualidade de vida da pessoa e dos seus cuidadores informais.
RISCO DE LESÃO POR PRESSÃO EM IDOSOS INTERNADOS E FATORES ASSOCIADOS
Authors: ARPS DE RAMOS Angelica , PANAGİO SİLVA Eloise , BLANSKİ GRDEN Clóris Regina , ANDREANİ CABRAL Luciane Patrícia , MESSİAS FLORİANO Lara Simone , BORDİN Danielle
Published: October 2022

Introdução: Os idosos são os indivíduos mais susceptíveis ao desenvolvimento de lesão por pressão (LP) devido às condições inerentes ao envelhecimento do corpo humano, como imobilidade, perda e/ou redução da sensibilidade e força muscular, chamadas de fatores intrínsecos. Quando submetidos à internação hospitalar a probabilidade de desenvolver LP aumenta por ação de umidade, fricção e cisalhamento, chamados de fatores extrínsecos. As LP configuram-se como um grave problema de segurança para o paciente e repercutem negativamente na qualidade de vida, causam dependência e danos substanciais aos idosos internados, dificultam o processo de recuperação funcional, acarretam dor, propiciam o desenvolvimento de infecções graves, assim como estão atreladas ao prolongamento de internações, sepse e mortalidade. Ademais, o impacto financeiro no tratamento das lesões por pressão é considerável. Objetivo: identificar os fatores associados ao risco de lesão por pressão em idosos internados e fatores associados. Método: pesquisa transversal, por conveniência com 133 idosos internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital de ensino no período de setembro de 2017 a janeiro de 2018. Aplicou-se o Mini Exame do Estado Mental e realizou-se avaliação das lesões de pele por meio de inspeção e identificação do risco de desenvolvimento de lesão por pressão pela escala de Braden. Considerou-se como variável dependente os riscos verificados pela escala de Braden e como variáveis independentes as características sociodemográficas, de estilo de vida, clínicas e de utilização de serviços de saúde. Para as variáveis independentes categóricas utilizou-se o teste anova, se passou pelo teste de normalidade, quando não passou, utilizou-se Kruskal-Wallis. Já para as variáveis independentes numéricas, utilizou-se o teste de spearman. Resultados: dos participantes 77,4% apresentaram alto risco para o desenvolvimento de lesão por pressão. Houve predomínio do sexo masculino (57,1%), média de idade 72,9 anos, com 4-8 anos de estudo (48,1%), casados (41,3%). Verificou-se que faixa-etária (p=0,007), cor de pele (p=0,001), escolaridade (p=0,018), dieta (p=0,001), uso de dispositivo médico (p=0,010) e mobilidade (p=0,001) foram fatores associados ao risco em desenvolver lesão por pressão. Conclusões: Acredita-se que os achados possam incentivar o enfermeiro a capacitar-se e promover capacitação de sua equipe quanto à avaliação sistematizada e contínua dos riscos de desenvolvimento de lesão por pressão. É de suma importância à implementação de planos de cuidados que abranjam os fatores predisponentes individuais e institucionais, tal qual a ampliação de estratégias de prevenção. Infere-se que as medidas de prevenção podem impactar positivamente na qualidade de vida do idoso durante a internação e no pós-alta hospitalar.
SESSÃO ÚNICA DE REALIDADE VIRTUAL NÃO TÊM EFEITO SOBRE MOBILIDADE FUNCIONAL EM PACIENTES COM COVID-19 INTERNADOS EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: WASSMUTH Talita , BECHER SANTOS Elaine , DE LARA Eduardo Manoel , MELO MAZZO Débora , ZADRA PACHECO Maurício , CARVALHO SCHLEDER Juliana
Published: October 2022

Introdução: A pandemia da doença coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19), acomete em sua maioria o sistema respiratório, além de disfunções em outros sistemas do organismo, evoluindo com complicações graves, o que resulta em necessidade de cuidados intensivos. Em consequência ao longo período de internamento hospitalar, e a necessidade prolongada de suporte ventilatório, pode resultar diversos problemas, dentre eles o imobilismo, com consequente perda de massa muscular, aumento da chance do aparecimento de lesões por pressão, dor, depressão, fadiga, virando um ciclo vicioso. A fisioterapia tem um importante papel na prevenção e reabilitação, instaurando a capacidade funcional do paciente o mais precocemente possível. Considerando o quadro geral do paciente, seja ele motor, psicológico, emocional, o fisioterapeuta se depara com verdadeiro desafio, devido a dificuldade de manipulação e adesão dos pacientes à terapia proposta. Com intuito de auxiliar os profissionais em suas terapias e reduzir o tempo de internamento e a consequente sobrecarga dos serviços de saúde, os recursos tecnológicos estão sendo cada vez mais difundidos na área da saúde. Neste contexto a fisioterapia, tem inserido cada vez mais a realidade virtual (RV) em seus planos terapêuticos nos mais diversos níveis de atuação, até mesmo em pacientes sob cuidados intensivos. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de uma única sessão de RV durante a sedestação à beira leito sobre a mobilidade funcional de pacientes diagnosticados com COVID-19, internados em unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI). Método: Foram incluídos nesse estudo transversal randomizado, pacientes diagnosticados com COVID-19 e internados nas UTIs adulto do Hospital Universitário Regional dos Campos Gerais Wallace Thadeu de Mello e Silva da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (HU-UEPG), a pesquisa foi aprovada sob o parecer n° 4.243.198 do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: GRV - posicionados em sedestação com os óculos de RV, e GSBL apenas sedestados à beira leito. Foi mensurada a mobilidade funcional através da escala do estado funcional em UTI (FSS-ICU) antes e após a sedestação, esta etapa da pesquisa foi feita por um pesquisador as cegas, após isso o paciente foi posicionado à beira do leito de acordo com o grupo que fazia parte. Foi convencionado três estímulos verbais dados pelo pesquisador para permanência na posição sentada, na quarta solicitação, posicionava-se o paciente deitado. Neste momento foram recoletados os dados da avaliação inicial pelo avaliador cego. Resultados: A amostra foi constituída por 40 pacientes (GRV n=20 e GSBL n=20). Com escore inicial pela FSS-ICU no GRV de 15,68 e no GSBL de 14,68 e final no GRV de 19,68 e no GSBL de 17,37, foram encontradas diferenças significativas antes e após a intervenção em ambos os grupos com (p