bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Development of Euclid Geometry’s Teaching Materials Based on KKNI to Improve Students Cognition Analysis and Deductive Reasoning Abilities
Authors: Wijayanti Dwi Antari , Sampoerno Pinta Deniyanti , Meidianingsih Qorry
Published: March 2021

This research aims to develop teaching materials that have been produced by the application of the learning model Means Ends Analysis in the form of Classroom Action Research. The development carried out in this study resulted in Euclid Geometry teaching materials based on KKNI to improve cognitive analytical skills and deductive reasoning of students of the Mathematics Education Study Program, State University of Jakarta. There were five steps carried out in developing this teaching material, including initial research, collecting data and information on needs, planning changes to teaching materials, developing early teaching materials, field trials, and revisions. The teaching material developed is suitable for use in Euclid's Geometry learning because it has passed the expert validation process. Also, this teaching material has been tested on students who have been and are currently taking Euclid's Geometry courses. This concludes that Euclid Geometry teaching materials based on KKNI are feasible and can be used as a handbook for students in taking Euclid Geometry courses in the Mathematics Education Study Program of FMIPA UNJ.

Keywords: Euclid's geometry, learning models, means-ends analysis, classroom action research.
Student's Critical Thinking Ability in Algebra Material using Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL)
Authors: Kurniati Nia , Sari Dwi Ivayana , Listiawati Enny
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to describe the ability of teachers to manage to learn using the POGIL model and to describe students' critical thinking skills after being taught using the POGIL model. This type of research was quantitative research. The research design used was one group posttest only, with a population of all VII grade students of SMP N 1 Geger, and one class was taken randomly as a sample, namely class VIIC as the sample. The data collection techniques used were observation and tests. Observations were made to obtain data on the ability of teachers in managing to learn using the POGIL learning model and tests were carried out to obtain data on students' critical thinking abilities. The data analysis used was descriptive statistical analysis. The results showed that the teacher's ability to manage to learn was said to be effective because the average results of the observed aspects in learning I and II were in good and very good categories. This shows that the teacher has carried out the learning process well and was by the steps of the POGIL learning model. The POGIL learning model was also able to develop students' critical thinking skills because the total percentage of students with high and moderate critical thinking skills was more than 80%.

Keywords: critical thinking, POGIL learning model.
A Preliminary Study: Why Develop High Order Thinking Skills Worksheets Based on the 3N
Authors: Sulistyowati Fitria , Harini Esti
Published: March 2021

This qualitative research is a preliminary study of a 4-D model development research that aims to describe the basic problems, student characteristics, the formulation of learning outcomes, and specific learning goals as the initial stage of developing a high order thinking skills (HOTS) exercise bank based on 3N in Algebra. Research subjects at the analysis stage of student characteristics are all students taking Algebra courses in Mathematics Education Department Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa for the 2019/2020 academic year. Data were collected using a literature study, observation, documentation. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively with the following steps: (1) preparing the data, (2) data coding, (3) searching for findings, (4) constructing the framework, and interpreting the data. The results of this study are: (1) Algebra learning centered on lecturers and students has difficulty solving non-routine problems, (2) there are only 1.59% of students who implemented to check the correctness of solutions in solving HOTS problems, (3) CPMK Algebra, and (4) formulation of specific learning goals. These results are used as a reference in the design stage of exercise bank development.

Keywords: high order thinking, exercise bank, problem-solving.
Problem Based Learning On Literacy Mathematics: Experimental Study in Elementary School
Authors: Farhan Moch , Satianingsih Rarasaning , Yustitia Via
Published: March 2021

This research is motivated by the hope of students mastering mathematical literacy skills. Mathematical literacy can facilitate a person in understanding the usefulness of mathematics and applying it in everyday life to make the right decision. But in reality, based on the results of PISA 2018, Indonesia was decreased as a result of The Mathematical Literacy Ability Test. This study aims to determine: (1) The average literacy ability of experimental class students taught through PBL is better than the control class; (2) Class 5 student activities taught using the Problem Based Learning model, (3) Teachers can carry out learning using the Problem Based Learning learning model. This research is quantitative research with observation and documentation methods. The design used is a quasi-experimental design type Post-test only. This research uses an interval scale. The population is grade 5 students of SDN Gayungan II Surabaya. Samples were taken by cluster random sampling technique so that class 5-B (control class) and 5-A (experimental class) were obtained. Data collection techniques used were test methods analyzed with SPSS 22; observation of activities and implementation with descriptive; and documentation. The results showed that: (1) The average literacy ability of the experimental class students taught through PBL was better than the control class; (2) Student activities get very active categories; (3) The implementation of learning using the PBL model gets a Good category.

Keywords: Problem Based Learning, Mathematics Literacy Ability.
Students’ Cognitive Process In Problem Solving On Pattern Materials Reviewed From Math Anxiety
Authors: Ferdiansyah Muhammad Nanang , Ekawati Rooselyna
Published: March 2021

This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach that aims to describe the cognitive processes of students in solving problems in the number pattern material in terms of the level of students' mathematics anxiety. The instruments used in this study were the mathematics ability test (TKM) to control subject selection, the mathematics anxiety questionnaire (AKM), the problem-solving test (TPM), and the interview guidelines. From several 8th grade students, there are 21 male and 9 female students, one student was selected with a male student with high mathematical ability and high math anxiety and one male student with high mathematical ability and low math anxiety. The results showed that students with high and low math anxiety could solve problems, but there were differences in receiving, processing, storing, and recalling information. Students with low math anxiety check their answers again by processing the information in other ways, while students with high math anxiety do not. With the difference in the cognitive processes of students with math anxiety, teachers are advised to develop appropriate learning methods to reduce students' math anxiety, so that students can improve their thinking skills in mathematics at a higher level with low math anxiety.

Keywords: Cognitive, Mathematical Ability, Math Anxiety, and Problem Solving
Development of Mathematic Learning Set Based On Pedagogical Content Knowledge to Improve Mathematics Problem Solving Ability
Authors: Leksono Ibut Priono , Fitriatien Sri Rahmawati
Published: March 2021

This research use development research wich aim to product mathematic learning that include implementation plans and woksheets based on pedagogical content knowledge in order to improve mathematical problem solving ability. The development model that used in this research uses four stages starting with define, then continue with design stage, next the develop stage, and the last stage is disseminate stage, or better known as 4D model. The mathematical problems that used in this research include linear programming problems that are solved with the integer programming method. The results of validation for the result of learning tools show that the pedagogical content knowledge with 4D method are suitable to used with very good categories. Meanwhile, the trial results show that the pedagogical content knowledge learning tools produced are practical and effective. This is able to support an achievement of research object that is able to improve the ability of students to solve math  problems for linear programe case by using integer programming method.

Keywords: pedagogical content knowledge, problem solving, math problem, integer programming.
Getting Under the Skin: Antiblackness, Proximity, and Resistance in the SLĀV Affair
Authors: Howard Philip S. S.
Published: March 2021

SLĀV is a musical stage play directed by Robert Lepage, and based on recordings by singer Béatrice “Betty” Bonifassi. The recordings are Bonifassi’s reinterpretations of music composed by enslaved and incarcerated African Americans—that is Black people labouring under, and resisting, the conditions of slavery and its afterlife. Though Lepage and Bonifassi promoted the show as an homage to Black people, SLĀV opened at the 2018 Montreal International Jazz Festival to protests by the SLĀV Resistance Collective, accusing it of cultural appropriation. SLĀV was eventually cancelled as Black artists began pulling out of the festival. Unsurprisingly, Lepage, Bonifassi and much of the Quebec public accused the protestors of censorship, and of misunderstanding Quebec’s unique context.

Situating its analysis within the field of Black Canadian Studies, in this article Howard examines the discourse around SLĀV as manifested through the words of Bonifassi, Lepage, journalists, and commenters. Howard argues that SLĀV instantiates the broader context of antiblackness in Quebec, and pays particular attention to gestures of inclusion and proximity consistent with modes of slavery and its afterlife in New France/Quebec. These gestures attempt to contain Blackness within national, linguistic, and other boundaries, disciplining the ways it is allowed to assert itself. Black resistance must therefore defy these boundaries and claim solidarity between and across variously located Black people.
C-MYC Protein Expression and High Ki-67 Proliferative Index are Predictives of Disease Relapse in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma
Authors: El-Hussien Mahmoud Tag , Mokhtar Nadia , Khorshed Eman Naguib
Published: March 2021

Objective: To evaluate the status of C-MYC protein expression and Ki-67 proliferative index and to clarify their role in predicting relapse of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBL). Materials and Methods: A retrospective study conducted on 50 cases diagnosed as DLBL in a 3 years’ time period from January 2014 till December 2016, collected from the archive of Pathology Departments of the National Cancer Institute Cairo - Egypt, Misr University for Science and Technology and private labs of authors. The diagnosis of DLBL for all cases, both nodal and extranodal, was confirmed by histopathologic examination and immunophenotyping. Automated immunohistochemical staining using antibodies against C-MYC protein and MIB-1 was used to evaluate the C-MYC expression in tumor cells and to assess their proliferative ability by calculating Ki-67 labelling index. The relation between the percentage of C-MYC protein expression, Ki-67 proliferative index, clinical data and the relapse status during the follow up period were analyzed. Results: A total of 50 cases of DLBL in both nodal and extra-nodal sites were included. Twenty-three cases (46%) were expressing the C-MYC protein, and 29 cases (58%) showed high Ki-67 proliferative index. Twenty-two cases (44%) relapsed during the follow-up period. Positive C-MYC protein expression was significantly associated with high Ki-67 proliferative index. C-MYC protein expression and high Ki-67 proliferative index were independently associated with disease relapses in 81.8% and 86.4% of cases respectively. Cases with combined C-MYC protein expression and high Ki-67 proliferative index showed statistical prediction of relapse in 81.8% of cases. Conclusion: C-MYC protein expression and high Ki-67 proliferative index were independently associated with relapse of diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Furthermore, the combined positive C-MYC protein expression and high Ki-67 proliferative index is better than a single positive test in predicting relapses among DLBL patients.
Expression of Simian Virus 40 Large T-Antigen: A Case Control Study of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Dinantia Nugira , Anggorowati Nungki
Published: March 2021

Background: Cancer such as neoplasma lymphoma is related to the immune system. Of all lymphoma cases, about 90% are Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). In the United Kingdom, NHL is among the five most frequently diagnosed cancer cases. In Indonesia, based on statistical data from the Dharmais Cancer Center Hospital in 2006, NHL was in the ten most commonly diagnosed cancers. The global incidence of NHL continues to increase annually in western countries, especially in Caucasian populations, men and the elderly. The etiology of NHL is uncertain. Viral infection is thought to be associated with the pathogenesis of NHL. One of them is the Simian 40 virus (SV 40) infection. In some studies, positive SV40 sequencing was found in the majority of NHL cases, but other research found no significant relationship between SV40 infection and NHL. Objective: This study aimed to identify the frequency of SV40 infection in NHL cases in Yogyakarta and to determine the relationship between SV40 infection in NHL cases and clinical patients. Methods: This study examined 102 samples of paraffin blocks from subjects diagnosed with NHL in the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of Dr. Sardjito Hospital from 2014 through 2016. DNA extraction was done and the results were used for PCR. SV40 genome primer sets were used for the PCR process to identify any positive cases. Results: In this study, all 102 subjects did not indicate genomic L-Tag positive cases of NHL. Conclusion: It cannot be proved that SV40 has a role in the pathogenesis of NHL in Indonesia.
Role of Antioxidant Gene Polymorphisms in Risk and Prognosis of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Kagita Sailaja , Digumarti Raghunadharao , Gundeti Sadhashivudu
Published: March 2021

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the possible role of antioxidant enzyme polymorphisms CAT -21A/T (rs7943316), CAT -262C/T (rs1001179), GPX1 -198C/T (rs1050450), MPO -463G/A (rs2333227), GSTM1 (rs366631) & GSTT1 (rs17856199) with susceptibility to chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and their association with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI, imatinib) response.Methods: Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in antioxidant enzyme genes were genotyped in a total of 325 samples, of which 125 were from CML patients and 200 from healthy controls. The SNPs were correlated with various confounding variables lke BCR-ABL1 levels and tyrosine kinase domain mutation status in CML patients.Results: Genotyping results revealed statistically significant associations with CAT -21A/T (p=0.037) and GPX1 -198C/T (p=<0.0001) polymorphisms with risk of CML. No associations were observed between CAT -262C/T, MPO -463G/A, GSTM1 & GSTT1 polymorphisms and CML. The CAT -21A/T polymorphism conferred 2.95 folds increased risk of CML under co-dominant model (p=0.024) and 2.51 folds risk under dominant models (p=0.05). In addition, the haplotypes of CAT -21A/T and -262C/T polymorphisms, ATCC and ATCT conferred higher incidence of CML risk by 2.67 times (p=0.05) and 2.99 times (p=0.045). The GPX1 -198C/T polymorphism conferred significantly increased risk of CML under co-dominant model [CC vs CT (p=<0.0001), CC vs TT (p=<0.0001)] and dominant models [CC vs CT+TT (p=<0.0001)]. The heterozygous GPX1 CT genotype frequency significantly elevated in poor molecular responders (p=0.005) and TKD mutation carriers (p=0.114) as compared to respective groups.Conclusions: Our results suggest that the reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes caused by the CAT -21A/T and GPX1-198C/T polymorphisms might contribute to increased risk of CML. In addition, the GPX1-198C/T polymorphism was associated with poor molecular response and acquired TKD mutations. Hence, the present study indicates that defective antioxidant defense system might have a strong influence on CML susceptibility and TKI (imatinib) response through oxidative stress.
Profile of PD-L1 mRNA Expression in Childhood Acute Leukemia
Authors: Azhar Muhammad Al , . Chainurridha , Aisyi Mururul
Published: March 2021

Background: Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression was used to determine type of patients who respond to immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitor in several solid malignancies. However, the role of PD-L1 in hematological malignancies is less explored. Therefore, we aim to investigate PD-L1 mRNA expression in childhood leukemia patients. Association between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features was also analyzed. Method: Blood samples of 17 childhood leukemia patients and 12 healthy individuals as control were used in this study. The samples were collected in Dharmais Cancer Hospital. Real time PCR was used to analyze PD-L1 expression with GAPDH as internal control. Result: PD-L1 mRNA expression is significantly lower in childhood leukemia patients (medians: 0.0012) compared to healthy individuals (medians: 0.0041) (p=0.017). PD-L1 mRNA expressions were not correlated with age (p=1.000), sex (p=1.000), outcome (p=1.000), type of leukemia (p=1.000), hyperleukocytosis (p=1.000), and syndrome down (p=0.426). Conclusion: PD-L1 expression is lower in leukemia patients compared to healthy controls. PD-L1 expressions were not correlated with all clinicopathological features. Our result provides preliminary data of PD-L1 expression in Indonesian childhood leukemia patients.
Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and its Relation to Different Pathologic Features: An Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: El-Hussien Mahmoud Tag , Hassan Mohamed Abdelfattah
Published: March 2021

Objectives: To identify the relevance of neuroendocrine differentiation in non-small cell lung cancer and its correlation with different pathological features. Materials and Methods: A total number of 30 cases of per cutaneous CT guided biopsies of primary non-small lung cancer were collected in the pathology department of Misr University for Science and Technology Giza, Egypt and private practice in the time period from January 2018 till December 2020. Immunohistochemical study for neuroendocrine differentiation was performed using mono clonal antibodies against synaptophysin, chromogranin A and CD56. For all selected cases, clinical and pathological data such as age, gender, histologic types, grade and clinical stage were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed with the results of neuroendocrine markers expression. Cases with incomplete pathological data and cases with histologic picture of neuroendocrine differentiation were excluded. Results: A total number of 30 cases of primary non-small lung cancer were enrolled in this study. The median age of patients was 61.5 years. There were 21 (70%) males and 9 (30%) females. Regarding neuroendocrine markers, positivity for either marker was identified in 23.3% of non-small cell lung cancer. Chromogranin A was positively expressed in 9 (30%) of cases, synaptophysin was positively expressed in 7 (23.3%) of cases and CD56 was positively expressed in 5 (16.7%) of cases. Only 2 cases (6.7%) showed co-expression of two markers. It was found that there was a high significant relation between chromogranin A expression and clinical stage. Chromogranin A expression was significantly higher in stage III than stage I and II (P<0.001). There was no statistical significant difference between synaptophysin, chromogranin A and CD56 expressions and the rest of the studied pathologic data. Conclusion: A considerable number of non-small cell lung cancer has neuroendocrine differentiation for at least one neuroendocrine marker despite absence of morphologic features. Much less number of cases showed expression of two markers. A reasonable panel of neuroendocrine markers is recommended to detect this differentiation which may have a clinical impact and optimize an alternative therapeutic option.
Characteristics and Survival of 927 Moroccan Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Monocentric Experience
Authors: Ait boujmia Oum kaltoum , Lamchahab Mona , Hda Nezha , Quessar Asma
Published: March 2021

Acute myeloïd leukemia (AML) is the most frequent form of acute leukemia among adults and the most aggressive type of leukemia, which is associated with the lowest survival rate. Patients with AML are treated with intensive chemotherapy and many factors could influence the survival of these patients, such as age, cytogenetic abnormalities; white blood cell (WBC) counts. The aim of this work was to study the epidemiological and response profiles of AML adults patients in Morocco.Patients and Methods: A prospective, descriptive study conducted in the Hematology and Pediatric Oncology department, 20 August Hospital Casablanca, and concerned adult patients diagnosed with AML through a period of seven years (January 2011 to December 2017). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. The overall survival and disease-free survival were evaluated by using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: A total of 927 patients diagnosed with AML during the 7 year period. 466 (50.3%) were males and 461 (49.7%) were females. The median age of patients was 46years.The most represented age group was between 18 and 60 years old with a percentage of 83.2%.The FAB subtype M2 occurred most frequently (27%) followed by M1 (24.8%). The cytogenetic study showed that the majority of patients had a normal karyotype. The t (8; 21) was the most detected balanced translocation in our series and the intermediate cytogenetic group was the most represented group (65.4%). A total of 461 patients (53.54%) were treated according to the protocol AML11. The Disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly better for favorable cytogenetic group as compared to other cytogenetic groups (median survival of 41.58 months for the favorable group versus 29.07 months for the adverse group; p-value = 0.02).Conclusion: The age of AML patients was younger compared to other populations. The majority of patients had a normal karyotype and the commonest balanced translocation was the t (8; 21). Survival was higher in patients with good prognosis.
Successful Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Using Thoracic Paravertebral Block as the Sole Surgical Anesthesia: Cases Report
Authors: Bejrananda Tanan , Pakpirom Jatuporn
Published: March 2021

In general, percutaneouse nepholithotomy (PCNL) is usually done under general anesthesia or occasional epidural anesthesia. We reported three renal calculi cases, who had successful PCNL surgery using ultrasound-guided multiple injections for thoracic paravertebral block at the T8, T10, and T12 levels with 20 milliliter of 0.5% levobupivacaine for renal surgery on a unilateral side. Sensory blockade was evaluated at 30 minutes using pinprick sensation before starting the operation. Sensory blockade on the unilateral side from level T8 to L1 was achieved in all patients. During the procedure, dexmedetomidine infusion at 0.2 to 0.6 microgram per kilogram per hour was administered for patient sedation. All three cases reported no pain in the recovery room and mild pain on the first and second postoperative visits. There was no complication from both multiple thoracic paravertebral injections and PCNL surgery.
DISKRIMINASI YANG DIALAMI ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS (ODHA) DAMPINGAN YAYASAN SEHAT PANGHURIPAN SUKOWATI KABUPATEN SRAGEN
Authors: IFTINAN MAITSA DHIFA , Aritonang Admiral Nelson , Okctilia Helly
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami perihal diskriminasi yang dialami Orang dengan HIV/AIDS di Yayasan Sehat Panghuripan Sukowati Kabupaten Sragen, mencakup: 1) karakteristik informan, 2) penghinaan verbal, 3) penghindaran, 4) pengucilan, 5) kekerasan fisik dan 6) harapan informan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Informan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah lima (5) orang dengan HIV/AIDS dan dua (2) orang pengurus yayasan, dengan penentuan informan dilakukan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara mendalam (in-depth interview), observasi (observation) dan studi dokumentasi. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah sumber data primer dan sumber data sekunder.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penghinaan verbal diterima informan berbentuk kata-kata dan kalimat diungkapkan untuk merendahkan ODHA. Penghindaran dilakukan dengan cara menghindari atau menjauhi ODHA. Pengucilan dilakukan dengan cara mengeluarkan ODHA dari suatu kelompok dengan pemutusan hubungan sosial. Selanjutnya, kekerasan fisik dilakukan dengan cara menyakiti, memukul atau menyerang ODHA dikarenakan status HIV yang disandangnya. Permasalahan diskriminasi terhadap ODHA terjadi dikarenakan stigma terhadap penyakit HIV/AIDS dan kurangnya penerimaan masyarakat terhadap ODHA. Program yang diusulkan yaitu “Peningkatan Kepedulian Keluarga dan Masyarakat Terhadap Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) dalam Upaya Mengurangi Diskriminasi Terhadap ODHA”.
Simulation of oil pipeline shutdown and restart modes
Authors:   Non-commercial joint-stock company ", Bekibayev T.T. ,   Satbayev University",   , Research and Production Laboratory “Energy Modeling”, Almaty, the Republic of Kazakhstan, Zhapbasbayev U.K. ,   Satbayev University, Almaty, KZ, Ramazanova G.I. ,   Satbayev University, Almaty, KZ, Minghat A.D. ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Bosinov D.Zh. ,   Non-commercial joint-stock company "Satbayev University"
Published: March 2021

The paper is devoted to the simulating of non-stationary processes of shutdown and restart on the example of a section of the Zhetybai-Uzen “hot” oil pipeline. A mathematical model of thermal-hydraulic calculation is given taking into account the rheological properties of the pumping oil. The special module of the SmartTran software developed by the work’s authors carried out the calculations. In the calculations, the decrease in time of oil temperature in the pipeline during cooling and the increase in oil pressure, temperature, velocity after the restart are determined. In addition, the calculations determine the power of pumping units, heating furnaces and the power consumption, which are necessary for restart of the pipeline after the shutdown. Simulation the processes of the pipeline cooling and restart after a shutdown makes it possible choosing the optimum parameters of pumping units at pumping stations and the time of safe shutdown of the oil pipeline.
Technological improvement of the scheme unit reception and distribution of solution under conditions of high-pressure nature of groundwater
Authors:   Research Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences, Aliev S.B. , Omarbekov E.U. ,   Satbayev University
Published: March 2021

This paper analyses the experience uranium deposits mine development under conditions of highpressure nature of groundwater proposed technology "pumping wells" and upgrading technological scheme unit receiving and distribution of the solution. The results of experimental study of the use of "pumping wells" in mining deposits of uranium by in-situ leaching mine "Karatau". It is proved that by using the proposed technology and circuits under conditions of the high groundwater pressure reduces the cost of procurement of cables, significantly reduced the cost of acquisition of submersible pumps, savings in the end cap. In practice, one processing unit is equipped with one unit for receiving and distributing the solution, therefore, a leaching solution with the same acidity is supplied to all injection wells. To avoid such cases requires selective supply of different concentrations of acid with the different indicators pH. The modernization of the scheme of the unit for receiving and distributing the solution was carried out by connecting two bypass lines, where one bypass line is designed to transfer the injection wells to the pumping one, and the second one is to transfer the pumping wells to the pumping one. By connecting the two bypass lines, it will be possible to supply a leach solution with a higher acid concentration, selectively to any injection well. As a result, acid consumption will decrease due to its selective supply and pH values in wells will be balanced.
Current state of the problem of soil protection and prospect of using humic acids
Authors:   International Education Corporation, Bekturganova N.Ye.
Published: March 2021

The article reviews the literature on the state of the problem of protecting the soil cover of the earth. Today, during the period of strong pollution of the lithosphere by technogenic wastes of various nature, leading to soil degradation and erosion, in measures to improve the physical, chemical, hydrological, agronomic and other properties of soils, preference should be given to the least harmless natural raw materials. These include humic acids (HA) and their derivatives, which are good adsorbents, stabilizers and fixers of dispersed systems. The study of the composition of humic acids with various water-soluble polymers and surfactants is another not fully understood area of interdisciplinary nature. Literary search for the works of Kazakh scientists shows the underdevelopment of both the extraction of humic acids and the formation of HA interpolymer complexes (IPC) with polymers and surfactants, as well as their use as fixers, structure formers of soils subject to wind and water erosion. Having large reserves of coal in the republic, a source of humic acids, it is not forgivable not to develop an integrated approach to research on the extraction of HAs, the formation of IPC on their basis and the use of new structure-forming agents to improve the degraded soils of the republic's structures.
Thermodynamics of formation and evaporation of lead-tin alloys
Authors:   Satbayev University, “Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation”, Trebukhov S.A. , Volodin V.N. ,   Satbayev “University, Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation”, Ulanova O.V. ,   «DHZ» AG, Swiss Confederation, Nitsenko A.V. ,   Satbayev “University, Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation” JSC, Burabaeva N.M. ,   Satbayev “University, Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation” JSC
Published: March 2021

Only a few works have been devoted to thermodynamic studies of the lead-tin system by methods including the volatile components evaporation process. When the binary system is separated into metals by distillation, the volatile component is removed from the alloy and the low-volatile component accumulates in the bottom products, that is, there are alloy composition changes over the entire concentration range. It is necessary to know the boundaries position of the melt and vapor coexistence fields on the state diagram, especially for solutions beneficiated with non-volatile metal to assess the quality of the vapor phase by the content of the low-volatile component. In this regard, the study has been completed with the purpose to clarify the values of the thermodynamic functions of the formation and evaporation of lead-tin melts required to calculate the boundaries of the liquid and vapor coexistence fields on the state diagram that enables us to judge the amount of a low-volatile component in the vapor phase under equilibrium conditions. The thermodynamic activity of lead was calculated, as well as the numerical integration of the Gibbs-Duhem equation using the substitution proposed by Darken is the thermodynamic activity and pressure of saturated tin vapor Based on the values of the saturated lead vapor pressure, determined by the boiling point method (isothermal version) for alloys predominantly of the lead edge of the phase diagram. The thermodynamic constants thus obtained will add to the base of physicochemical data and will be used to calculate the boundaries of the vapor-liquid equilibrium fields on the phase diagram, allowing to determine the possibility and completeness of the distillation separation of metals.
Study of thermal resistance of cold mixtures with clay addition
Authors:   Karaganda Technical University, Alina A.A. , Kulikov V.Y. ,   Karaganda Technical University, Kovalev P.V. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Dostayeva A.M. ,   Karaganda Technical University
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes the results of heat resistance of cold-harmful mixtures with the addition of clay. The article presents the results of an experimental laboratory study of the properties of samples from CTS, obtained by various methods. The scientific novelty of the technology lies in the fact that the technology of casting in cold-rolled steel ensures high quality of the casting surface, the absence of gas defects and blockages in the casting. The selection of the composition and technological parameters for the manufacture of the mold, contributing to the production of high-quality defect-free castings, will significantly reduce their cost, which will have a positive effect on the economy of our country. The study of the change in density over time depending on the applied load was studied in a series of experiments. The density of the mixture was determined every thirty seconds during the entire time of the formation of the dispersed medium. These experiments showed that at the beginning of the formation of the shell, its density increases significantly. In works on the thermal stability of polymers, the general laws of thermal decomposition and carbonization of cyclic, spatially crosslinked hot curing polymers were investigated and it was shown that the kinetics of destruction, the composition of gaseous products, the amount of coke formed and its properties depend on the properties of the initial polymers - the degree of crosslinking of molecular chains, chemical structure, the presence of impurities of catalysts and other curing conditions, as well as the heating conditions - speed and temperature. The article summarizes some of the results of the study, which is most appropriate for thin-walled steel castings to use the following mixture composition: filler - quartz sand; binder - clay of the Kazakhstani deposit, epoxy resin, hardener.
Tangerine (Citrus reticulata Blanco var. unshiu Tan.) selection for fruit quality
Authors: Kulyan R. V. , Abil’fazova Yu. S. , Belous O. O.
Published: March 2021

Citrus horticulture in Russia is confined to the humid subtropical conditions of the Black Sea coast of Krasnodar Region, with tangerine (Citrus reticulata Blanco var. unshiu Tan.) as a major market crop. The past decade has witnessed a steady increase in the production and consumption of fresh, easy-peeled tangerines. The bulk of existing evidence on the citrus fruit quality traits is built on research on oranges and grapefruits as main market crops, and relatively little is known on the unique qualities of tangerine. The article discusses the key quality traits of tangerine, including the fruit mass, size, colour, flavour and major biochemical quality indices. We justify the importance of breeding tangerine, specify the crop model and identify priorities, including the biochemical fruit improvement. The study involved 12 elite tangerine forms obtained by distant hybridisation at the Subtropical Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The new promising forms received a brief pomological description and qualitative assessment. The preliminarily selected large-fruit and high-yield forms are 2-2-1, 99-2, 99-4 and 99-8. Specimen with a higher sugar content (>9 %): 99-2, 99-

4, 99-8; higher ascorbate content (>75 mg/100): 97-3, 98-1, 98-2, 98-9; dry matter content: 2-2, 99-2, 99-4, 98-8, 2-1; balanced sugar-acid ratio: 2-1, 99-2, 99-4, 99-8 (sugar-acid index 9.8-10.3). The elite forms obtained by directed breeding are of equal or superior fruit quality to the zoned “Kowano-Wase” cultivar. These forms are competitive on today’s fruit market and promising for further breeding work towards improved fruit quality.
Forming of domestic blackcurrant stock in Non-Chernozem Region of Russia
Authors: Sazonov F. F.
Published: March 2021

Research was conducted with the blackcurrant genetic stock collection at the Kokino base station of Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery (Bryansk Region) during 2014-2020. We studied 110 varieties and 30 selected forms isolated in diﬀerent years for main marketability criteria. Te study aimed at the selection and creation of cultivars and forms of blackcurrant with economical and breeding advantages to optimise the zoned stock with domestic varieties for industrial and home gardening in the south-west Non-Chernozem Region of Russia and promote further breeding eﬀort. Source material processing and breeding work were carried out using the generally accepted protocols. Cultivars and promising forms with the good winter hardiness, resistance to Sphaerotheca powdery mildew, strength, uniform size and taste of berries have been selected. Of interest are the cultivars producing an average fruit mass >=2.0 g under optimal weather and agrotechnical conditions: Litvinovskaya, Dar Smolyaninovoy, Podarok Astakhova, Yadryonaya, Kudmig, Bryanskiy Agat, Debryansk, Mif, Kudesnik, Istok, Nos. 68-03-1, 36-27-4/05, 5-66-5, 5-03-8. Te best-yield (up to 12.5 t/ha) cultivars identiﬁed were: Barmaley, Bryanskiy Agat, Debryansk, Mif, Favorit, Dar Smolyaninovoy, Litvinovskaya, Selechenskaya-2, Kudmig, Tamerlan, Shalunya, Ladushka, Lentiay, Iskushenie, Kipiana, Orlovskiy Valz, selections 68-03-1, 36-27-4/05, 5-66-5 and others.
Isolation protocol trials for grapevine bacteriosis (Pierce's disease) agent Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. during research monitoring of the Republic of Crimea
Authors: Prikhodko S. I. , Pisareva I N. , Kornev K. P. , Bondarenko G. N. , Valeeva N. G. , Radionovskaya Ya. E.
Published: March 2021

Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al. causes grapevine bacteriosis and is among most hazardous malicious bacterial phytopathogens affecting a wide variety of important crops and ornamental plants. The agent colonises plant xylem and transmits with insects feeding on xylem sap. The insect vectors of X. fastidiosa belong to the order Hemiptera, suborder Auchenorrhyncha, families Cicadellidae, Cercopidae, Aphrophoridae and Cicadidae. A phytosanitary control survey conducted by the All-Russian Research Institute for Plant Quarantine in 2014 identified a high risk of X. fastidiosa introduction and adaptation in the Russian Federation. The Crimean Peninsula is a potential introduction area of the Pierce’s disease agent due to suitable climatic conditions, the ample availability of major host plants, as well as insect vectors. During a research monitoring in 2018-2020, the Institute assessed the phytosanitary status of the Crimean territory. The survey sampled vegetative parts of grapevines, stone fruits (peach, cherry, plum, merry, almond), selected essential-oil and ornamental shrubs and trees. Diagnostic procedures were performed in accordance with the international standards. A three-year phytosanitary survey of the Crimean plantations revealed no presence of X. fastidiosa. Two protocols of sample preparation and DNA extraction from various substrates have been tested. A real-time PCR-based protocol was proved highly specific for zero false positive and nonspecific rates.
خطي عمليات الانتقال نحو التحول: التفاعل بين العدالة الانتقالية وبناء الدستور
Authors: Cats-Baril Amanda
Published: March 2021

شهد الانتشار المتزايد للتحولات السياسية بعد النزاعات الداخلية اهتماماً متزايداً بالعدالة الانتقالية وبناء الدستور كمجالات للدراسة والتدخل. ومع ذلك، فقد تم إيلاء اهتمام قليل لفهم كيفية مساهمة التفاعل بين المجالين في تحقيق أهداف كل منهما وأهدافهما المشتركة بشكل أفضل. تعزز هذه الورقة المتعلقة بالسياسات فهماً أفضل لأوجه التعاون بين العدالة الانتقالية وبناء الدستور وتشجع صناع القرار والخبراء في هذا المجال على النظر في خيارات زيادة المزايا النسبية للعدالة الانتقالية وبناء الدستور على التوالي، من أجل السعي نحو تحقيق الهدف العام للسلام والتنمية المستدامين. توضح الوثيقة المزايا المحتملة للجمع بين العدالة الانتقالية وبناء الدستور، ولكنها توضح أيضاً التحديات الملازمة للخلط بين هاتين العمليتين. تسلط الورقة الضوء على أهمية اعتبار العلاقة بين عمليات العدالة الانتقالية وبناء الدستور على أنها علاقة تكاملية لا تنافسية. كما أنها لا توسع الفهم في ما يتعلق بما يمكن أن تقوم به إحدى العمليتين لتحسين نفسها فحسب، بل وأيضاً في ما يتعلق بالطرق التي يمكن من خلالها إزالة الحواجز والنظر في التفاعلات الدقيقة بين بين العمليتين في مواجهة التحديات الرئيسية التي تطرحها التحولات وهي تقوم بكل ذلك من دون اقتراح نماذج أو إجابات محددة.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS BURUNG DI TAMAN HUTAN RAYA SULTAN SYARIF HASYIM PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Badriansyah Rohmad , Hadinoto Hadinoto , Ikhwan Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Birds are an animal that has an important role in the process of forest succession, plays a role in spreading seeds, helping pollination, and balancing ecosystems. Deforestation of forest areas in Riau has a high rate, this can be seen from the change in the function of forests into agricultural and plantation land. The Sultan Syarif Hasyim Forest Park (TAHURA) is a conservation area that has quite alarming conditions, of the forest area of ​​6,172 hectares, there are only  2,000 hectares left forested, while the rest have acacia forest cover, shrubs, oil palm plantations, rubber plantations . The assessment of bird diversity needs to be carried out in the Sultan Syarif Hasyim Tahura given the high level of habitat destruction. Birds in TAHURA Sultan Syarif Hasyim have 71 species of birds from 34 families and 13 orders, there are 5 nocturnal birds. The diversity index (H) ranges from 3.19 - 3.92, the evenness index type (E) ranges from 0.88 - 0.92 and the species richness index (R) ranges from 2.14 - 4.28.
RENDEMEN DAN KARAKTERISTIK MINYAK KAYU PUTIH PADA UKURAN DAUN YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Nengsih Yurdia , Tri Ratnaningsih Ambar , Suhesti Eni
Published: March 2021

This research was conducted in the presumptuous university forest faculty laboratory yellow Pekanbaru. This research was conducted for 6 months, namely from July -December 2018. This study aims to measure the yield and characteristics eucalyptus oil at various leaf sizes consisting of specific gravity, refractive index, solubility in 70% alcohol, and cineol content. Analyze effect size eucalyptus leaves to the characteristics of eucalyptus oil. This research is

using a completely randomized design (CRD). This research is used to obtain provide information and input regarding the characteristics of eucalyptus oil and yield at different leaf sizes. Results from research on oil characteristics Eucalyptus at various leaf sizes consists of, whole eucalyptus leaves obtained yield 0.59%, moisture content 1.074%, specific gravity 0.953, refractive index 1.467, solubility in 70% 1: 2 alcohol, the cineol content is 71.67%. Two cut leaves are obtained yield 0.49%, moisture content 0.842%, specific gravity 0.921, refractive index 1.465, solubility in 70% alcohol 1: 3, cineol content 63.33. Cut eucalyptus oil leaves three obtained yield 0.39, water content 0.908, specific gravity 0.924, inex bias 1.465, solubility in 70% alcohol 1: 4, cineol content 68.33%. Treatment of leaf size significant effect on yield, solubility in 70% alcohol and not significant effect on specific gravity, refractive index, and cineol content.
STRATEGI PERBAIKAN SISTEM AGROFORESTRI DAN KONSERVASI LAHAN DI DESA PONDOKAGUNG, KECAMATAN KASEMBON, KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Arif Cahyo Wibowo Febri , Triwanto Joko , Tri Kurniawan Edwin , Muttaqin Tatag
Published: March 2021

Production forest area in Pondokagung village needs agroforestry system to meet economic needs and as buffer against natural disasters such as erosion. Research conducted on agroforestry land was carried out to determine agroforestry management as conservation system. Research was conducted in June-August 2019 using data collection methods in the form of land slope measurement, long slope, soil sampling. Retrieve secondary data for monthly rainfall data for 2017-2019 and related studies. Results obtained in agroforestry area had an erosion value in 2018 with a value of 112.19 tons/ ha/year and the slope class agreed to III and II. The area of ​​agroforestry land is removed by mahogany vegetation in SPL 3, while in SPL 1 and 2 it is mountain spruce and SPL 4 area is in mixed form. The level of erosion hazard posed to agroforestry land in location is relative from year to year, so the effect of agroforestry conservation is very good in area are needed that can increase the danger of erosion. Soil fertility conditions in agroforestry land are low with a C-organic content value (0.78%) containing alluvial and podsolic soils with a yellowish red color. The action taken is vegetative conservation techniques, mechanical and tillage
PERANAN POHON TERHADAP TINGKAT KENYAMANAN LINGKUNGAN KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS LANCANG KUNING PEKANBARU
Authors: Hadinoto Hadinoto , Suhesti Eni , Suwarno Eno
Published: March 2021

Regional development has a tendency to minimize green open space and also remove the face of nature. The increasingly disharmonious relationship between humans and nature has resulted in ecological deterioration in the environment. Less land covered by trees causes the environment to become hot. The Lancang Kuning University Campus is one of the places of education in which the entire academic community, employees and other parties are located. In carrying out all campus activities, a comfortable environment is needed. The objectives are: to identify tree characteristics in the faculty environment; measuring the comfort level of the faculty environment. The objects this research are tree types. The equipment used is: thermohigro, camera, phi band, haga meter, roll meter, stationery. While the material used is thally sheet. Primary data taken in the field are tree data, temperature and humidity. The comfort index is categorized: comfortable, if it has a value of 21 THI  24; quite comfortable 24 THI 26 and not comfortable THI 26. There were 31 tree species with 472 trunks with an average diameter of 19 centimeters and an average height of 10 meters. The Temperature Humidity Index (THI) of all faculties is in the uncomfortable category.
ANALISIS NARASI / DISKURSUS TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN PERHUTANAN SOSIAL Di WILAYAH KERJA PERHUTANI
Authors: Ramli Ramadhan  , Risna Noviati Amalia
Published: March 2021

The Social Forestry Policy (PS) in the Perhutani working area has started a new beginning towards the current PS implementation. The issuance of regulation P.39 / 2017 was colored by various narratives / discourses from various actors decorating the journey of the policy issuance above. Using a narrative / discourse analysis approach, this study intends to explore the narratives used by parties in the policy process and those who receive the impact of SF policies. The research method used is descriptive qualitative analysis within-depth interviews with selected respondents proportionally (purposive sampling). The results of the study explain that the narrative of each party is different. The narrative brought by the pro to the policy is based on the condition of the forest and the social conditions of the community around the forest that have not been successfully improved, including the PHBM program that needs to be evaluated. The IPHPS scheme provides opportunities for access and higher profit sharing for the community to manage forests with low cover conditions (10%) and or social conditions that need to be addressed. Perhutani brought a narrative about the current regulation violating the previous regulation.