bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of alcoholic extract of Nerium oleander leafs on some biochemical parameters and function of liver and kidney in white rats
Authors: Al- Maiali Hussein Khudair , Al-Hmedawi Hussein Abaas , Al-Lebawi Zainab Ibrahem
Published: January 2024

The present study was conducted to know the effect of alcoholic extract of Nerium oleander leafs on some biochemical parameters as well as the histological changes in liver and kidney in male albino rats. Twenty mature albino rats were randomly divided one word groups: control group and treatment group. Control group was treated with drinking water for (6 weeks), while treatment group was treated with 4 mg/kg B.W of alcoholic extract of Nerium oleander leafs. Blood samples were collected every 3 weeks to make biochemical parameters. The results showed significant decrease (P<0.05) in Total protein , albumin and significant increase (P<0.05) in amino transmission enzymes concentration (AST and ALT) , urine and keratinin concentration in treatment group compared with control group. The study reveals high toxic effect of plant on all body tissues.
The Bacterial Causative Agents of Aerobic Vaginitis in Sexually Active Nonpregnant Women and their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern
Authors: Al-Suadi Hanaa Hani Mohammed Ali
Published: January 2024

Significant growth of aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria was obtained from 43 specimens collected from sexually active nonpregnant women (20-40 years old) with aerobic vaginitis. Gram positive bacteria were isolated from 24cases (55.8%), whereas Gram negative enteric rods were isolated from 14 cases (32.55%). Staphylococcus. aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) were isolated from 12 cases for each (27.90%) followed by Escherichia coli 11 (25.58%), Enterobacter spp. 2 (4.65%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae 1 (2.32%). Mixed infection was noted in 4 cases: S. aureus with Streptococcus sp. 1 (2.32%); CNS with Streptococcus sp. 1 (2.32%); and CNS with E. coli 2 (4.65%). Yeast was isolated from one case (2.32%). There were few antibiotics among the conventionally available antibacterial agents possessing good sensitivity (>80%) against any one of the common aerobic vaginal pathogens. For S. aureus and CNS, imipenem was the most effective 100% and 83.3%, respectively. Most of them were resistant to penicillis, third generation cephalosporins, methicillin, metronidazol, and vancomycin. For E. coli, 100% of the isolates were sensitive to imipenem, 84.6% to chloramphenico, and 76.9% to norfloxacin and gentamicin. On the other hand most of E. coli isolates were resistant to penicillins ,third generation cephalosporins and tetracyclines. In conclusion, aerobic vaginitis can be an origin of more serious deeper infections in these patients, for that such cases must be taken in account and routine cultures and antibiotic sensitivity tests must be done for such cases in our clinical laboratories.
Virulence Characterization of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Sexually Active Women with Symptomatic Genital Tract Infection, In Comparison with Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from the Same Cases
Authors: Al-Mayahie Sareaa Maseer Gatya
Published: January 2024

This study included 33 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) and 35 Staphylococcus aureus isolated from sexually active females with symptomatic genital tract infection (64 pregnant and 110 non-pregnant). Comparison of phenotypic characteristics showed that the difference is not significant between CNS and S. aureus isolates for hemolytic activity (63.6% and 54.2%, respectively); lipolytic activity (87.8% and 88.5%, respectively); protease production (18.1% and 31.4%, respectively). and biofilm formation ( 96.9% and 94.2%, respectively). Whereas the difference is significant (P≤ 0.05) for urease production (18.1% and 42.8%, respectively). With the exception of lipolytic activity and biofilm formation, co-expression of other factors showed that there was an opposite expression of hemolytic and proteolytic activities of both CNS and S. aureus isolates. For CNS only 3/33 (9%) of the isolates were hemolytic and preoteolytic while for S. aureus only 2/35 (5.7%) isolates had this characteristics. Also for S. aureus isolates, ureolytic activity was more correlated with hemolytic (20%) and proteolytic (11.4%) activities than in CNS (6.0% and 3.0%, respectively). We concluded that, for this study included factors, the virulence of CNS isolated from females' genital tract infection is comparable to that of the potential females' genital tract pathogen, S. aureus. So that, CNS can be opportunistic pathogens in these cases rather than mere contaminants.
Image Compression using Fourier Transformation with Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Mohammed Mustafa Siddeq
Published: January 2024

This paper introduce proposed algorithm consist of: (1) using Discreet Fourier Transformation (DFT) which convert an image into frequency domain image, then compress frequency domain image with Run-Length-Encoding (RLE), and Arithmetic Coding. (2) Apply Inverse Fourier Transformation (IDFT) to obtains an approximately original image, and then compared with original image to get the difference stored in a new matrix called (D(spatial) ). The matrix D(spatial) transformed to frequency domain by Discreet Cosine Transform (DCT) (D(frequency)). Finally applying weight vector (W= [0.5, 0.3, 0.2]) on the D(frequency), multiply "W" with each three coefficients from matrix D(frequency) to produce a new matrix (G), at last compress matrix G by arithmetic coding. (3) The decompression process start from arithmetic decoding to return frequency domain matrix (i.e. return DFT image), then apply Inverse DFT to get an image A, also from arithmetic decoding produced matrix G. The Genetic Algorithm used to produce minimized matrix D(frequency) by take each data from matrix G and using fitness function. Finally apply inverse DCT to generate matrix D(spatial), added with image A to produce a decompressed image. In this paper our approach, compared with JPEG technique, by using Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR).
Experimental studies of streamer diameters and velocities in dielectric liquid with positive and negative polarity
Authors: Hamid K. Radam  , Ahmed K. Hashoosh
Published: January 2024

A streamer in dielectric liquid (transformer oil) is consist of charged particles (electron, positive and negative ion). It has many properties such as: streamer velocity, streamer diameter, mean electron energy, number of streamers branches and current density. Some of these properties have been detected by using the photographic technique to get a data and it should be in a good agreement with theoretical and experimental results. The streamers diameters and streamers velocity are increased with voltage.
A NEW ANALYTICAL REPRESENTATION FOR CREEP CURVES OF PLASTICS
Authors: Faisal Battol Murdan
Published: January 2024

In order to have the best prediction of the non-linear viscoelastic behaviour of solid polymers, a new constitutive relationship has been obtained by inserting the stress invariants ( 1 I ) and ( 2 I ) into the formulation of multiple integral representation (MIR). The analytical part for the uniaxial tensile loading, it was found that creep could be separate into three components. First and second components, represent the contributions of the hydrostatic and deviatoric stresses respectively, while the third component represent the contribution of the synergistic effect of the hydrostatic and deviatoric stresses. Also, for the case of pure shear loading it was found that all components of creep are dependent on the deviatoric stress. Thus, new kernels have been obtained which called the hydrostatic, deviatoric and synergistic kernels, in terms of power law. Good agreement has been obtained from the comparisonbetween the experimental of other studies and theoretical results of MIR under different types of loading for PP, PE and PMMA. This comparison proved that MIR gives the prediction with an average error of 0.05%.
Mathematical model for spray drying process
Authors: Aeda Rahim Nagi
Published: January 2024

Mathematical model for co-current spray dryer is developed . The model is axisymmetric dimensional model and two way coupling .It includes the mass, momentum, and heat transfer for a single drying droplet as well as for drying medium . The system used is water-air. The model used a system of equations to compute the axial and radial distribution of droplet diameter, its velocity , temperature and rate of evaporation , and air temperature , humidity and velocity in spray drying chamber . The model includes a system of non linear first order differential equations as a function of the axial distance of the spray drying chamber . The results obtained from the model are shown to be in agreement with experimental results.
LICH-GREGOIR VERSUS COHEN REIMPLANTATIONS IN MANAGEMENT OF BILATERAL VESICOUERETRAL REFLUX
Authors: Adnan Mutter  , Ahmed Hussain
Published: January 2024

Purposes and background:We compare the result of Lich-Gregoir versus Cohen reimplantations in management of primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).Material and Methods:Thirty child with bilateral primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), grade III, IV and V, underwent surgery in AL-KUT general hospital from July 2003 until July 2009, 14 patients with Lich-Gregoir and 16 patient with Cohen reimplantation.Results:Three (21%) of 14 patients with Lich-Gregoir end with unilateral failure (recurrence of reflux) and 2 (14%) patients with recurrent urinary tract infection for 4 months with the short hospitalization (average 4 days), while 16 patients with Cohen, one (6%) patient develop unilateral failure , two(12%) patients end with ureterovesical stenosis, three (19%) patients with urine leak for one month, and recurrent urinary tract infection persist in 5 (31%) patients for 6 months, with long hospitalization (average 10 days).Conclusion:We conclude that Lich-Gregoir was equal or better than Cohen in treatment of primary vesicoureteral reflux with lower incidence of morbidity and short hospitalization.
Glossitis in wild Canadian goose A Case report
Authors: Saleh Kadium Majeed  , Zuhair Habib Oudh  , Samira A. Daaje
Published: January 2024

This article present one case of Canadian goose glossitis which clinically characterized by excessive salivation and pale colored-tongue. Tongue was submitted for histopathology procedure to all parts of the tongue which show different pathological changes, all those changes gave indication to glossitis of variable severity.
Emissions Characteristics of Methanol-Diesel Blends in CI Engines
Authors: Miqdam Tariq Chaichan  , Khalil Ibraheem Abaas
Published: January 2024

Due to the energy crisis and pollution problems, investigations have focused on decreasing fuel consumption and lowering the concentration of toxic components in combustion products by using alternative, non-petroleum and non-polluting fuels. While conventional energy sources such as natural gas, oil and coal are non-renewable, alcohol can be coupled to renewable and sustainable energy sources. In this study, the combustion characteristics and emissions of diesel fuel and methanol blends were compared. The tests were performed at steady state conditions in a four-cylinder DI diesel engine at full load at 1500-rpm engine speed. The experimental results showed that diesel methanol blends provide significant reductions in CO, unburned HC, and limited increase in NOx emissions. In addition, a reduction in engine noise was demonstrated by increasing methanol portion in blends.
Some Applications of Fourier Transformation
Authors: Moatasm Abrahem Malk
Published: January 2024

In this research some applications to Fourier transform in one dimension and in two dimensions for separated data, first in one dimension, where the signal from the study during their characteristics as well as how to remove noise from the signal. Second, in two dimensions, it was a method to detect basic shapes in the image by selecting the desired first and then match the spectrum of each shape in the image to detect the fold. In the final stage of the research were studied diffraction pattern from a circular slit and improve the visibility of this pattern of diffraction . All methods were conducted by Fourier transform has appeared good results have been clarified through research.
The Effect of Renal Hemodialysis on Serum Endogenous Antioxidants Defense of Patient with Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: Al-Ta'ai Akdas Mohammed Sfaih , Al- Maamori Jafar Abbas Issa
Published: January 2024

Hemodialysis means removes waste and excess fluid from the blood when thekidneyscannot do so sufficiently usually performed three or more times a week for 4 hours or more.The present work was aimed to investigate the effect of renal hemodialysis on serum anenzymatic and non-enzymatic endogenousantioxidantsdefenses. Forty five patientswere taken for this study, 25males (55.54%) with age range (11-70) years and 20 females (44.46%) with age range (6-65)years, while the subjects of control group was thirty five individuals non-undergoing hemodialysis treatment, 23 males (65.71%) with age range (15-65) years and 12 females (34.29%) with age range (18-62) years. The present results showed highly significantly decrease (p<0.05) in serum enzymatic endogenous antioxidant (catalase) andnon-enzymatic antioxidants (transferrin and bilirubin), while serum non enzymatic antioxidant uric acid showed highly increase (p<0.05) in patient with chronic renal failure.In conclusion, the present data showed that patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) undergoing hemodialysis treatmenthave physiological disturbances in both serum enzymatic and non-enzymaticendogenous antioxidants levels in all age ranges may be related to oxidative stress by renal failure disease.
A rare case, pleomorphic adenoma perforate cheek mucosa
Authors: Thaer Hameed Mohsin
Published: January 2024

Pleomorphic adenoma, also called benign mixed tumor, is the most common tumor of the salivary glands. About 90% of these tumors occur in the parotid gland and 10% of them occur in the minor salivary glands. The most common sites for pleomorphic adenoma of the minor salivary glands are the palate, followed by the lips and the cheeks without any ulceration or perforation of the mucosa. Other rare sites include the floor of the mouth, tongue, tonsil, pharynx, the retromolar area and the nasal cavity. Here, we are reporting a case of pleomorphic adenoma of the minor salivary glands of the check in a 36-year old woman perforate the check mucosa. The mass was removed by wide local excision. There were no recurrences after a follow-up period.
Fixed combination of dorzolamide / timolol eye drops versus fixed combination of brinzolamide / timolol eye drops in the treatment of primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension
Authors: Hussain Adnan Hussain Hnoosh
Published: January 2024

Background: Glaucoma is a worldwide major blinding eye disease. Medical treatment aims at reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) to prevent further damage to the optic nerve. Dorzolamide 2.0% + timolol 0.5% (D / T - FC) (Cosopt®) and brinzolamide 1.0% + timolol 0.5% (B / T - FC) (Azarga®) are both types of commercially available fixed dose combination eye drops that are used to treat primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT). Dorzolamide and brinzolamide are topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) fixed combined with timolol a beta-adrenoceptor blocker. CAIs and beta blockers reduce IOP through inhibiting the production of aqueous humor by the ciliary epithelium.Aim: The aim of this prospective clinical therapeutic study was to compare the efficacy and side effects of both combinations in POAG and OHT.Patients & methods: 50 cases of POAG / OHT were enrolled in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups with 25 patients in each group. Group 1 received D / T - FC eye drops twice daily while group 2 received B / T - FC eye drops twice daily. Baseline IOP was measured and recorded and then followed up at regular intervals of 2 weeks for one month then monthly for 6 months and then the percentage of reduction was determined. The side effects questioned and reported by the patients were recorded.Results: Both groups had a statistically significant reduction in IOP from baseline (P=0.0001). In the first group IOP reduction ranged from 7.0 to 12.0 mmHg (21.9 – 37.5 %) while in group 2 IOP reduction ranged from 6.5 to 11.0 mm Hg (20.7 – 37.9 %). No significant difference existed between the 2 groups (P=0.6075). Group 2 reported less adverse effects than group 1 (P=0.0412).Conclusion: Both combinations were equally effective in reducing IOP in glaucoma and OHT patients, however B / T - FC was more tolerated.
Treatment of repeat breeding of Iraqi native river buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) south of Baghdad using different hormonal treatment – a field study
Authors: Al-Saied Abbas Hussain Naief , Haddawi Mohammad Dahham  , Majed Hasan Karbon
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of hormonal treatment ( GnRH and PGF2α) with and without antibiotics in the treatment of repeat breeders (RB) of Iraqi native river buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in private dairy farms located in the south of Baghdad for improving the reproductive performance in addition to find the ratio of repeat breeder. The study included (112) Buffalo cows suffering from repeat breeding for more than three unfertile insemination estrus cycles. Buffalo cows were divided into 4 groups according to programs treatment (G1=PGF2α, G2=GnRH , G3= PGF2α+GnRH and G4=PGF2α+Iodine+Oxytetracyclen) respectively.Results of the study revealed that the using of (GnRH and PGF2α) hormones with and without antibiotic (Oxytetracycline+Iodine) are useful in improving the reproductive performance of Buffalo cows. The pregnancy rate after the application of the proposed treatments , measured after (60-65) days by rectal palpation, in the four groups proposed as follows ( 60.0% , 46.6 % , 71.8 % , 75.0 % ) respectively . The pregnancy rates in groups (G3 and G4) were significantly higher than in (G1and G2) groups (P<0.05) and the treatment with (GnRH+PGF2α) hormones or (PGF2α+Iodine+Oxytetracyclen) was more useful in improving the reproductive performance of these animals, the ratio of repeated breeding in Iraqi native river buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) was about 44.8% (112 out of 250 animal examined in this study). In conclusion, the application of treatments with (GnRH+PGF2α) or (PGF2α+Iodine+Oxytetracyclen) is useful and highly efficient in improving reproductive performance in buffalo cows suffering from repeat breeding.
Thermal and constructional behavior of light concrete block using many crushed materials as aggregate with economic analysis
Authors: Atif Ali Hussain  , Emad Raghib Kadium  , Naman Munthier
Published: January 2024

The riverine aggregate have high mass density (2700Kg/m3) and thermal conductivity (2.8W/m.c0) this reflects the properties of the block concrete in order to decrease these properties , the riverine aggregate must be replaced by any materials have low density and thermal conductivity such as : scrap brick , lime stone , or black stone (pumice). In this paper, block concrete samples (solid and hollow), with dimensions of (200x200x200mm) , were constructed mixing ratio of (4:2:1)by mass and water percentage of 0.5 were used . The thermal and constructional behavior of these blacks was investigated at Baghdad climate zone during one year at 21th day of each month for 15 hr/day. The test results showed that, using pumice racks as aggregate reduced the density by about 44% and increased the energy saving by about 34%. However, this enhancing in the properties was accompanied with reduction in the tensile and compression stresses of unloaded walls. Using limestone as aggregate gave 20% reduction in density with 5% increase in the energy saving 60% reduction in density and 40% increase in the energy saving were achieved when using gypsum block with fiber glass layers.
To isolate and diagnose the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis of some soils Wasit Province and use it as bio-pesticide with different concentrations to kill Agrotis ipsilon ( Hufnagel) laboratory
Authors: Qais Muri Laabusi
Published: January 2024

The Bacillus thuringiensis found in all the study zones in Wasit province, but at different rates because difference type the land and climatic situation in each region. The average of bacteria in those areas 30.0،Swairah and Badra recorded higher rates for this bacteria 50% and 40% respectively. The Bacillus thuringiensis in soils Districts Al-ahrar and Al-hai was least 20% and 10% respectively .The study indicated to three of Bacillus thuringiensis dilutions differed in kill the larvae of the worm black biting Agrotis ipsilon laboratory, The B .thuringiensis dilution (57 × 106) Spor / ml killed higher of other dilutions and was 77.5% after 3 days of treatment of killing rate decreased with increasing the length of time .The dilution B .thuringiensis (57 × 106) Spor / ml recorded 30.7% kill rate during the treatment . dilution B .thuringiensis (34 × 105) Spor / ml least in kill of larvae of the worm black biting Agrotis ipsilon laboratory and was 59.2% after 3 days of treatment in the dilution .The kill rate decreased with increasing the time .Recorded general average for ratio killing of the dilution 25.0% during the time of the treatment.
Determine the dimensions of objects of unknown submersible in water
Authors: Samaher Wahied Hashim  , Al-Zuky Ali Abid Dawood
Published: January 2024

The measuring systems of dimensions of the immersed objects in water that base on the using of the digital camera are widely spread nowadays, especially in the robotic systems, because they are easy to install, fast, safe, inexpensive, and sufficiently accurate as compared with other complicated measuring systems that using the laser or electromagnetic sensors. This study deals with using a digital camera to determine objects ranges and dimensions of under water. In this study, we were able to find the dimensions of the target of under water at different angles and different heights of the water and all of these results were completed using the program Matlab.
Identification of larvae of some species of family Oestridae causing myiasis in Wasit Province
Authors: Mahdi Abas Swaiel  , Asmaa Fadhel Abdul-Redha
Published: January 2024

This research included taxonomic study of the larvae of three species belonging to three genera of flies of family Oestridae (Diptera), that causing myiasis in domestic animals in Wasit province. The study included the center of the province, and arrondissementes and districts areas affiliate (Alhayy, Badrah , Numaniya arrondissementes , Sheikh Saad districts and Albesrukih region ) . They are Hypoderma lineatum (DeVillers), Oestrus ovis Linnaeus and Cephalopina titillator Clark. Taxonomic keys are designed to isolate the genus, as well as its species, depending on the structure of the Cephalopharyngal skeleton, mouth hook and posterior spiracales, the collection of these species, the type of the host and the history of combining areas were reported. Larvae were collected from live animals, and the injury as an essential part of the complete life cycle. The sheep were more susceptible to injury of myiasis followed by cows and camels. The results showed the presence of eleven case of larvae of Oestrus ovis in sheep in the center of the province, two in Albesrukih region , two cases in the arrondissementes of Badrah , one case in each of Numaniya arrondissementes and Sheikh Saad districts , larvae of Hypoderma lineatum in cows in each of the center of the province , Alhayy arrondissementes and Albesrukih districts . Two cases of myiasis recorded of larvae Cephalopina titillator in the camels in the center of the province.
Amlodipine can increase atrial fibrillation in hypertensive patients
Authors: Atta Gitti Allawi  , Mohammed Ghaltan Tubar
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study is to determine the increased prevalence of Atrial Fibrillation (AF) in hypertensive patients who use Amlodipine (a Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blocker), as compared to hypertensive patients who do not use Amlodipine. The study carried out in Alkarama Teaching Hospital, Wasit Province, Iraq, during the period from April 2010 to February 2014. One hundred eighty eight adult hypertensive patients with AF were included, 109 males with mean age 52 ± 3.4 SD and 79 females with mean age 49 ± 4.1 SD. Subdivided in two groups: group A (include 118 patients using Amlodipine) and group B (include 70 patients do not use Amlodipine). The study showed an increase in the prevalence of (AF), more in those patients using Amlodipine than those who do not use Amlodipine regardless of gender. But there increase in AF in older age and those using higher doses for longer period.
Preparation of CdxInxS nanocomposite film by electron beam deposition
Authors: Ali Kamel Mohsin  , Firas Mohamed Dashoor  , Shaimaa Hussien Shahad
Published: January 2024

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) films were prepared by electron beam evaporation on glass substrates at room-temperature, doped with indium (In) and annealing at different temperatures for two hours under vacuum. Structural and electrical properties were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), d.c. conductivity and Hall effect. XRD shows transformation of CdS into CdxInxS. The conductivity of CdS at 300 K was found to be 0.288 and 0.215 (Ω.cm)-1 corresponding to the thickness 0.5 and 1 μm. The conductivity of 1 μm thickness of CdS doped with indium and heat treatment at 473, 523, 573 and 623 K were 12.18, 3.32, 2.74 and 2.82 (Ω.cm)-1 respectively. The activation energy was 0.24, 0.3, 0.63 and 0.52 eV for the same temperature ranges. The results show that possibility to fabricate high quality films of CdxInxS by thermal diffusion doping.
Derivations and Right centralizers on 2-torsion free prime rings
Authors: Afrah Mohammad Ibraheem
Published: January 2024

Let R be a 2-torsion free prime ring, d be a derivation of R and T be a non zero right centralizer of R. In the present paper, we investigate the commutativity of R admitting derivation d and right centralizer T satisfying any of the following properties, for all x, y ∈R:(i) T([x, y]) ± [T(x), T(y)]) = 0,(ii) T([x, y]) ± [d(x), d(y)]) = 0,(iii)T([x, y]) + [d(x), T(y)]) = 0,(iv) d ([x, y]) ± T([x, y]) = 0,(v) d ([x, y]) + [d(x), T(y)] = 0.
Buildup factor calculation for high density poly ethylene, and high density poly ethylene with lead
Authors: Al-Fakhar Mohammed Kasim , Harith Ibrahem  , Zuhair Salim Khamees
Published: January 2024

The buildup factor of cylindrical samples (shields) for High Density Poly Ethylene, High Density Poly Ethylene with lead (HDPE+ Pb) was studied, where the buildup factor calculated using thickness between (0-3) m.f.p. Cs137 sources (Eγ=0.662 MeV) have been used together with scintillation detector NaI(Tℓ) (2.5 x 2.5).These calculations show that the results of (HDPE +Pb) give buildup factor lower than that of (HDPE) as expected due to the addition of lead.
Partitions by subgeometries of projective plane over a galois field of order 3n, n = 1, 2, 3
Authors: Al-Seraji Najm Abdul Zahraa , Al-Badrial Nagham Satar Mohammed
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this thesis is to split the projective plane of PG (2,9) into seven disjoint projective subplanes PG (2,3) and thirteen disjoint complete arcs of degree two and size seven. The projective line of order twenty-seven PG (1,27) has been partitioned into seven disjoint projective sublines PG (1,3) and the number of inequivalent -sets which are unordered sets of four points is classified. The group action on projective lines PG (1,3n) and projective PG (1,3n), n = 1, 2, 3 planes is explained and we have introduced theorems and examples and the subspaces of PG (1,3n)  and PG (2,3n), n = 1, 2, 3  are shown. Each of these partitions gives rise to an error-correcting code that corrects the maximum possible number of errors for its length. GAP-Groups–Algorithms, Programming a system for computational discrete algebra has been applied.
Study of physiological and cytogenetic changes to males patients with diabetic mellitus type2 by used the body mass index
Authors: Kadhum Jhyied Gatie  , Al-Deresawi Tayseer Shamran
Published: January 2024

The study included 20 patients and have ranged in age from (30-75 years), compared with a control groups which included 12 individual, with ages have ranged from (38-70) years. The study investigate biochemical parameters included measuring the levels of each of (Total Cholesterol , Triglyceride , low-density lipoproteins, high density lipoproteins , lipoproteins very low density, and measuring hormone levels Testosterone, and estimate the damage in DNA and measuring the Micronucleus and Mitotic index and analysis of Comet Assay in lymphocytes for patients and control: The results of our study showed a high change (P< 0.05) in the level of each of (cholesterol, triglycerides , low-density lipoproteins , lipoproteins very low density , and the low significant (P< 0.05) level of high density lipoproteins and of the Testosterone hormone .The results showed a high significant (P< 0.05) in the Mitotic index and Micronucleus , appearance of numbers low in the number the Nuclear division index, where results showed a high significant (P< 0.05) in damage to the DNA molecule by comet assay when compared with control group.
Broiler production development by plant herbs additive to support starter and grower diet
Authors: Al–Mosawi Ibrahim Fadil Baydi
Published: January 2024

Using two hundred and fourty one day old unsexed chicks meat type (Ross 308) and libitum feeding system was applied during the two rearing periods, starter period for 3 weeks and grower period for 3 weeks also were divided randomly to eight treatment with three replicate contain 10 chicks . The treatment of this experiment as follow as :(T1) control treatment without addition anything in feed (T2) adds 3 gm dried yeast per kg of feed (T3) add 3 gm chicory powder per kg of feed (T4) add 3 gmZingibel powder per kg feed (T5) add 1.5 gm dried yeast + 1.5 gm chicory powder per kg feed (T6) add 1.5 gm dried yeast + 1.5 gmzingibel powder per kg of feed (T7) add 1.5 gm chicory powder + 1.5 gmzingiber powder per kg feed (T8) add 1 gm dried yeast + 1 gm chicory powder + 1 gmzingiber powder per km of feed .Measure live body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversation, mortility percentage and production index.Results indicated significant superioricy (p 0.05) for tretmentsT2 , T3 , T4 , T5T6 , T7 , T8in body weight , weight gain , feed effencity , production index and significant decreasing (p 0.05) in feed consumption compard with control T1at weeks 3 , 6 of age , T8 showed increasing singnificant (p 0.05) in body weight , weight gain , feed eiffiency , production index, and decreasing significant (p 0.05) in feed consumpticampard with all treatments at weeks 3 , 6 of age , The results indicated singnificant increasing (p 0.05) in body weight , weight gain , feed eiffiency , production index, and decreasing significant (p 0.05) in feed consumpticampard with treatments T2 , T3 , T4 , T7 at weeks 3,6 of age .No significant differences between treatments T5, T6 and between treatments T2, T3 , T4 , T7 in all prouductive performance at weeks 3 , 6 of age . it was concluded from this study we can add dried yeast , chicory powder and zingiber powder in self-time to feed , and the using the dried yeast , chicory powder and zingiber powder in the self-time increase body weight , weight gain , production index , decreasing feed consumption and improvement feed effiency
Detection of human Metapneumovirus and respiratory Syncytial Virus associated with asthmatic patients using direct fluorescent assay and Real time – PCR
Authors: Al-Charrakh Alaa Hani , Al-Mola Ghanim Aboud , Al-Azzawi Jalal Abdul Razaq Tufah
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to determine the incidence of human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) and metapneumovirus (hMPV) occurrence in asthmatic patients in Wasit province. Blood samples were collected for measure the total and differential white blood cells count (WBCs). Correlation results of total and differential WBCs count for neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils and basophils count among studied groups were significant (P <0.001). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique has been applied for detection of total-IgE antibodies. Results revealed that the highest total-IgE antibodies titer in sera were significantly difference (p < 0.01). A total of 80 nasopharyngeal swabs were immediately dipped in transport media and stored until using for the detection of suspected hRSV and hMPV patients group by direct fluorescent assay the results appeared 13 (16.25 %) and 11 (13.75 %) samples were given positive results for hRSV and hMPV, respectively. Results of hRSV in asthmatic patients were subjected to real time – polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) appeared 15 samples out of 80 samples (18.75 %) were gave positive result for this test.
Study of some hematological and genetic changes for patients with beta thalassemia major in wasit province
Authors: Kadhum Jhyied Gatie  , Rabab Hazim Elias
Published: January 2024

The study included 40 blood samples from patients with β-thalassemia major and has compared them with 40 of the control group . Patients were divided according to their age into four groups . Levels of RBCs , Hb , PCV , MCV , MCH , MCHC,WBCs were measured. Furthermore, mitotic index and nuclear division index and micronucleus assay were measured for lymphocytes patients . Results showed a significant decrease (P< 0.05) in each level of (RBCs , Hb , PCV , MCV , MCH) , wherever increased level of WBCs significantly (P< 0.05) . Results of mitotic index and nuclear division index and micronucleus assay were revealed significantly increasing (P< 0.05) indication on defect in cell division .We concluded that iron overload in patient's body due to frequent blood transfusions was generate free radicals containing oxygen and capable of oxidative damage for macromolecule such as DNA .
Epidemiological study of Mandibular Fractures Aetiology and Site Using computed tomography in AL Kut city
Authors: Zainab Abdul Hassan Hussein
Published: January 2024

The mandible is the largest and only moveable facial bone. It begins as 2 separatebones and unites anteriorly when a child approaches 1 year of age. Being a prominent bone of the facial skeleton, it is fractured most commonly among maxillofacial injuries.This epidemiological study was conducted to evaluate the etiology of mandibular fractures and anatomical site of the fracture in 115 patients treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial department ALZhraa hospital in ALKut city from 2012 to 2014. These patients were examined both clinically and radio-graphically for mandibular fractures. Records related to age, sex, and etiologies of fracture and sites of fracture were evaluated and reviewed. The most common age group affected was 21-30 years (26,08% ). Only 17.39% of patients were less than 10 years of age, and 1.7% was more than 60 years of age. Male to female ratio was 4:1. The most common cause of mandibular fractures was road traffic accidents (52.1%) followed by accidental fall (26.08%), while the least involved group was industrial accidents (1.7%), A total of 146 fractures were sustained by 115 patients at different sites there were multipl fractures in the same person .The most common site of mandibular fracture was parasymphysis (30.43%). All over the world, mandibular fractures have continued to generate discussion among researcher due to their important fuction .The male to female ratio shows 4:1 this is also in agreement with most of the studies due to their freqent participation in high risk activity such as driving vehicles sport that involve physical and active social life .
HER2 Amplification in Hydatidiform mole patients
Authors: Nawras Najah Mubark  , Kareem Hamed Ghali  , Mohammed Naji Karim
Published: January 2024

Hydatidiform mole is an abnormal pregnancy in which the placenta contains grape cell like vesicles (small sacs) , that are usually visible with the naked eye .Patients and methods : This study was carried out in Laboratories of College of Science, Wasit University , AL Zahraa and AL Karma Teaching Hospitals, from October 2014 to April 2015. The study included twenty Hydatidiform mole patients were taken randomly, and six non hydatidiform mole patients as control group. The patients with HM included 10 samples of complete H mole , and 10 samples of partial H mole. Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization (CISH) technique was used to detect the amplification of HER2 gene.Results: Regarding the HER2 amplification (over-expression of HER2) was significantly more frequent in H mole patients than in control (p≤0.05), also the same difference was indicated between complete H mole and control group. As well as between partial H mole and control group . While, HER2 amplification did not differ between complete H mole and partial H mole (p≤0.05) .
Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Candida species isolated from some domestic insects in Diwaniya city / Al – Qadisiya governorate
Authors: Azhar Noory Hussein
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted to identify and characterize the Candida species isolates from external surfaces of American cockroaches and houseflies by using Hichrome Candida agar as differential culture medium, germ tube , chlamydospore production and carbohydrate assimilation test. Genotypic confirmation was performed by PCR. The results of this study showed that the predominant Candida species included C. albicans(44.6%), C. glabrata(23%), C.krusei(19.6%), C. tropicalis(7.4%), C. dubliniensis(3.6%) and C. parapsilisis (1.8%) . All 27 strains indicative of C. albicans and C. dubliniensis were confirmed by PCR as C.albicans (25 isolates) and C. dubliniensis (2isolates). The study should no difference between the species of Candida strains from American cockroaches and houseflies except that C. parapsilisis and C.dubliniensis which were isolated from American cockroaches. Antifungal susceptibility revealed that nystatin (98%) and fluconazole (89.3%) were highly effective against Candida species , on the hand , the highest resistance was observed in the case of ketoconazole (16%) and MICs method was excellent for determining the levels of dosage pattern for each species compare with disc diffusion method.
Detection of hepatitis-B virus genotype B among patients with HBV-related chronic liver disease by using nested polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Anwar Salih Saihood
Published: January 2024

Aim: To detect the genotype B of Hepatitis-B virus in patients seropositively for HbsAg in Al-Dewayia city, Iraq.Methods: Sera from 30 patients with HBV-related chronic liver disease were tested for HBV genotype B using Nested Polymerase Chain reaction toward two sets of type specific primers of HBV genome.Results: The genotype B was detected in (6/30) samples at (20%) of tested sera, where the PCR product was 281bp, which encode to untranslated region (UTR) specific region of HBV genome.Conclusion: The Nested Polymerase Chain reaction is a simple method and easy to use, especially in our country where not all of the reported genotypes until now detected, and the present study established that the common genotype of HBV was B.
Study of seasonal distribution of chironominae (Chironomidae: Diptera) in Al- Battar river north Al Kut city / Iraq.
Authors: Fatima, Kareem Shandoock  , Al-Sariy Jameel Saad
Published: January 2024

The influence of physical and chemical parameters on the abundance and diversity of subfamily Chironominae(Chironomidae: Diptera) in Al-Battar river north Al-kut city was studied over a period of eight months(Septemper 2012- April 2013) . Eight species of Chironominae were identified Chironomus plumosus (Linnaeus) was the most dominant made up 42.5% ,Chironomus sp. 17.8% ,Einfeldia sp. 13.6%, Chironomus riparius Meigen 10.3%,Chironomus staegeri Lundbeck 10.3%, Lauterborniella sp. 2.6% ,Parachironomus sp. 1.4% and Parachironomus hirtalatus(Beck & Beck) 1.1%. The results of this study showed that were significant correlations between the species and several environmental parameters.C. plumosus, C.staegeri, C.riparius and Einfeldia sp. this group showed significantly positive correlation ( p<0.01 and 0.05) with water depth and NH4-N and showed significantly negative correlation( p<0.01 and 0.05) with water turbidity. Also this group showed negative correlation but not significant with water temperature and NO3-N. C.plumosus showed positive correlation but non significantly with (pH, EC,TDS and NaCL) and showed no significant negative correlation with DO. One species Parachironomus sp. showed significant positive correlation with pH, EC, TDS and NaCL and this species recorded only in September. Parachironomus hirtalatus showed significant negative correlation with water depth and NO3-N. Lauterborniella sp. showed significant positive correlation with dissolved oxygen. Also showed positive correlation but non significantly with temperature, NO3-N, NH4-N, EC, TDS and NaCL and negative correlation but non significantly with pH, turbidity and water depth .Chironomus sp. showed positive and negative correlation but non significantly with ecological factors, so showed positive correlation with EC, TDS, NaCL, water depth and temperature. This species showed negative correlation with pH, DO, turbidity, NO3-N and NH4-N.
Evaluation of gamma glutamyl transferase activity in sera of patients with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Parween Abdul Al-Samad Ismahael
Published: January 2024

Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) plays a role in cellular glutathione uptake, which is an important element of antioxidant mechanisms. An increase in serum GGT is thought to be an early and sensitive marker of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress has a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The aim of present study was to investigate the levels of serum Gamma glutamyl transferase (S.GGT) in samples from patient with Alzheimer’s disease.The study included 67 AD patients and 70 individuals as normal controls . Serum Gamma glutamyl transferase GGT and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined. The study revealed that the S.GGT activity was significantly higher in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (75±2.1IU/L) than in control (healthy individuals) (25±2.1IU/L). The study was carried out in optimum pH (8.2) and optimum temperature 37ć. The results showed that There was a significant positive correlation between age and S.GGT activity in males (r=0.75); and females (r=0.72). Increase in age was significantly associated with raised GGT levels in control group and patients group. The mean serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly (p < 0.001) greater in patients group ((33.9 ± 2.3) when compared with control group (4.8±0.2). The high serum GGT concentration may play a critical role in the oxidative stress present in AD brain and, consequently, may play a central role in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Screening of celiac disease in children with growth failure
Authors: Saad Karim Alwan
Published: January 2024

Celiac disease is a chronic enteropathy caused by intolerance to gluten. Its clinical spectrum is broad. Presentation of celiac disease varies from absence of symptoms to gastrointestinal (classic) and/or extraintestinal (non-classic) symptoms. Patients without symptoms may have latent or silent celiac disease. Because celiac disease can be atypical or even clinically silent, many patients remain undiagnosed and at risk for the long-term, sometimes serious complications of untreated celiac disease.The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of celiac disease (CD) in children with growth failure and the diagnostic value of tissue-transglutaminase (TTG) IgA antibodies and IgA antigliadin antibodies (AGA) for celiac disease.Patients and Methods: A total of 104 children (43 male, 61 female) with growth failure without a specific etiology were studied. Extensive investigations had shown no abnormalities in any subject. Anthropometric parameters and IgA AGA and IgA TTG antibodies were evaluated in this study group. These antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All patients were referred for an endoscopic intestinal biopsy. The biopsy samples were classified according to revised Marsh criteria .Results: the prevalence of properly diagnosed CD among patients with growth failure in this study was 25.9% (27 of 104patients).Out of 104 patients 57 of them were positive upon screening with the serological tests. IgA -AGA, and IgA -TTG antibodies were found in 81.4% (n = 22 out of 27 with confirmed CD), and 88.8% (n = 24 out of 27 with confirmed CD) of patients with growth failure, respectively. Sensitivity,Specificity ,the positive predictive value (PPV),negative predictive value(NPV) for TTG antibodies were found to be 88.8%, 94.2%, 85.7%, and 94.7% for CD in the group of patients with growth filure in this study and for IgA AGA: sensitivity 81.4%, specificity 88.4%, positive predictive value( PPV) 75.8%, negative predictive value (NPV) 90.6% were found in this study.Conclusion: We conclude that the prevalence of celiac disease is high in patients with idiopathic growth failure and it is important to test all children with idiopathic growth failure for celiac disease by measuring serologic markers and performing an intestinal biopsy.
Spectroscopic Studies of 3-(4-chlorophenylazo)- 4- hydroxyl acetophenone and Some of it's Metal Complexes
Authors: Kamaran Basheer  , Mohammad Karim Samad  , Wishyer Ali
Published: January 2024

Azo dyes 3-(4-chlorophenylazo)-4-hydroxyacetophenone (L) were synthesized by reaction of p-chloroaniline to p-hydroxyacetophenone through mono azo-coupling reaction. Reaction of new azo-dye with La(III), Ce(III), Sm(III), Eu(III) and Dy(III) salts gave mono nuclear complexes, the complexes exhibited 1:3 M:L stoichiometry . Complexes showed octahedral geometry around metal ions. Their structures were identified by FTIR, UV-Visible, molar conductance and NMR spectran. IR spectra show that the ligand is coordinated to the metal ions in a bidentate manner and complexation with the ligand through the oxygen atom of hydroxyl group (OH) and azo nitrogen. It was found the inner transition metal ions was six-coordinated. Analytical data of the ligand and it's complexes are in good agreement with their formulation.
A study of the behaviorof the discharge parameters and their effects on the mechanical design of an electrothermal gun
Authors: Ahmed K. Abbas  , Ahmed A. Al Mahdi  , Nadia Neama
Published: January 2024

This paper gives an overview of finding the discharge parameters equations and their effects on the design criteria of ETA as well as the realized design solutions. The aim of this study is to obtain information about the discharge parameters in an electrothermal gun by extending the previous models of different researches and analyze their equations. Different physical processes in confined high-pressure discharge analyzed. For a given discharge, ablation rate and plasma pressure,the tube length is limited. An analytical model is developed for confined high-pressure discharges operating in a quasi-steady state, in which the resulting plasma jet characteristics are steady at hydrodynamic timescales. This model allows the calculation of all the discharge parameters, such as ablation rate; plasma temperature; plasma sound velocity; density; current density and pressure, as a function of the "slowly varying" current and the tube dimensions. Good agreement for the results obtained between the theoreticalmodel, which is built, and the experimental results for global research.