bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CURATE(D) Fundamentals Workshop
Authors: Hudson Vitale Cynthia , Hadley Hannah , Wham Briana , Borda Susan , Carlson Jake , Darragh Jennifer , Fearon David , Herndon Joel , Hunt Shanda , Johnston Lisa R , Kalt Marley , Kozlowski Wendy , Lafferty-Hess Sophia , Marsolek Wanda , Moore Jennifer , Narlock Mikala , Scott Dorris , Wheeler Jon , Woodbrook Rachel , Wright Sarah , Yee Michelle , Lake Sherry
Published: October 2024

Slides developed for the CURATE(D) Fundamentals workshops. These materials only include the lecture slides and have removed associated exercises and institutional examples used in synchronous trainings. See the CURATE(D) modules [https://datacurationnetwork.github.io/CURATED/] for exercises to work through the CURATE(D) steps or contact the DCN to discuss partnering on a in-person workshop.
Ecologia do fogo e o cenário dos incêndios no Pantanal
Authors: Silva Valentim Sebastião Marcos
Published: October 2024

A ecologia do fogo é a área que busca estudar e entender a dinâmica do fogo nos ambientes naturais. O objetivo da pesquisa foi desenvolver o estudo da arte sobre a Ecologia do fogo nos ecossistemas ligados ao mesmo e relatar sobre o cenário preocupante dos incêndios no Pantanal em 2024. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão com caráter narrativa, onde a busca bibliográfica foi realizada em bases de dados, através de temas direcionados. O fogo ocorre em todos os ecossistemas brasileiros, atuando como agente transformador da paisagem e na evolução de espécies, onde diversos fatores influenciam no seu comportamento, porém, nem todos os biomas possui alta resistência como o Cerrado. O Pantanal, mesmo habituado com a presença do fogo, apresenta menor resistência em comparação com o Cerrado, principalmente pelo aumento da frequência, onde em 2024, os incêndios no Pantanal já bateram novos recordes, provocando grandes impactos ao bioma.
The problem of non-proprietary legal entities in the light of the theory of separate property
Authors: Ibragimov Konstantin Yrievich
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the problem of legal entities for which property is secured not on the right of ownership, but on a limited proprietary right (the right of operational management or the right of economic management), in the light of the theory of separate property. The theory of separate property is understood as the idea of the independence of the phenomenon of legal separation of property associated with giving a certain technically separate property a specific legal status, which is primarily manifested in the order of responsibility to creditors (priority of creditors' claims in relation to certain property). The main attention is paid to the problem of simultaneous separation of property through two structures: (1) a separate legal entity, (2) a limited proprietary right. The study evaluates the validity of this approach and the need for the existence of such limited property rights. The analysis of these problems is carried out by applying the theoretical categories of protective and confirmatory separation, with the help of which the degree and nature of the separation of property of unitary enterprises and institutions is assessed. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that the right of operational management and economic management does not in any way affect the degree of isolation of the property of unitary enterprises and institutions, and also does not perform any other independent function. The conclusion is substantiated that the existence of such limited proprietary rights represents a lack of legal technique. In addition, a general conclusion is drawn that in order to achieve any degree and nature of the property isolation of a certain property, the construction of a legal entity is sufficient, since the rule of law is able to do this by direct prescription of the law for the appropriate organizational and legal form. At the same time, it is noted that limited property rights can be used to separate property within the separate property of a legal entity, but not to separate the property of the latter as such. The scientific novelty of this study has two aspects. Firstly, it demonstrates the prospects of using the categories of protective and confirmatory property separation as a tool for analyzing the practical and theoretical validity of legislative decisions, which is new for the domestic doctrine. Secondly, this article for the first time analyzes the correlation of various ways of legal separation of property.
Employment relations with this employer: some disadvantages of legal regulation
Authors: Rakitina Ekaterina Vasil'evna
Published: October 2024

The subject of this study is some shortcomings of the legal regulation of employment relations. An employment relationship with a given employer is understood as a relationship mediated by the employment service, as well as direct interaction between a candidate and an employer on employment issues. The article discusses the general aspects of the regulation of selection procedures by the employer, the use of psychophysiological research in the selection of candidates, as well as the existing practice of job offers. Consideration of these issues is relevant due to the lack of labor law regulation of the relevant relations. The purpose of the study is to formulate specific proposals for amendments to labor legislation in order to regulate polygraph testing and the practice of making job offers. When writing the article, the formal logical method was used, as well as methods of systematic and literal interpretation of legal norms. The result of the conducted research are proposals for regulating polygraph testing in employment (verification is carried out at the expense of the employer; with the written consent of the candidate for work; the range of questions asked and the research methodology are subordinated to the purpose of checking the business qualities of a potential employee; the conclusion based on the results of the study cannot be an independent basis for refusal to apply for a job). Proposals on the legal regulation of the job offer are also formulated, concerning its form, content, and options for interaction between the candidate and the employer in various situations. If the terms of the job offer and the terms of the concluded employment contract do not match, priority should be given to those conditions that are more favorable for the employee. In case of non-conclusion of an employment contract, it is proposed to assign the obligation to reimburse expenses incurred by the bona fide party to the employment relationship to the other party.
Consequences of non-payment of a share in the authorized capital of a limited liability company at its establishment
Authors: Bosyk Ol'ga Igorevna
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study is to develop and construct new theoretical provisions on the consequences of non-payment of a share in the authorized capital of a limited liability company (hereinafter referred to as the company) at its establishment. Tasks: to identify the importance of the formation of the company's authorized capital at its establishment, to establish a causal relationship between the fulfillment of the obligation to pay a share in the authorized capital and the loss of participant status, to determine the legal nature of liability for violation of the obligation by the founder. Research hypothesis: non-payment of a share in the authorized capital of a limited liability company at its establishment entails the involvement of the founder in pre-corporate liability.The object of the study is the norms containing the consequences of non-payment of a share in the authorized capital of a limited liability company at its establishment.  Research methods: dogmatic, historical, comparative legal. The dogmatic method made it possible to understand and explain the meaning of the law on the consequences of non-payment of a share in the authorized capital of a company at its establishment. The importance of dogmatics for civil law is difficult to overestimate due to the fact that it allows for a detailed analysis of a complex rule of law. The historical method was used in the study of the formation of norms on the consequences of non-payment of a share in the authorized capital of a company at its establishment, taking into account current events in the country. The comparative legal method was used to analyze the norms of Russian and German legislation. The choice of the country of foreign law was determined by the history of the development of civil law and observance of the traditions of Roman law. Results: the formation of the authorized capital of the company at its establishment has a complex legal structure; there is a direct causal relationship between the payment of a share in the authorized capital by the founder and his right to participate in the management of a limited liability company; payment of a share in the authorized capital of the company at its establishment is a transaction. The consequence of non-payment of a share in the authorized capital when establishing a limited liability company is the onset of pre-corporate liability, which consists of property and non-property. The first is to apply a penalty to such a person in accordance with the provisions of the establishment agreement. The second is in the absence of the actual possibility of exercising the rights of participation at the request of other members of the society.
The role of the spiritual administrations of Muslims in ensuring the social security of the region and the prevention of radicalism (on the example of the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of the Republic of Adygea and Krasnodar Territory)
Authors: Sedykh Natal'ya Sergeevna , Tsiku Rustam Shikhamovich
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the peculiarities of the participation of Muslim spiritual administrations in ensuring social security and preventing radicalism. Object: The Spiritual Administration of Muslims of the Republic of Adygea and Krasnodar Territory (DOOM RA and KK). The article examines social security in the discourse of scientific research. In this regard, new risks associated with the spread of radicalism and extremism as its possible practical embodiment are revealed. The current directions of activities to ensure social security and preserve the traditional moral values of Russian society are outlined. Based on this, modern Muslim religious organizations are characterized and their social functions are revealed. The results of monitoring the official website of the DOOM of the Republic of Adygea and the KK and the forms of participation of this religious organization in ensuring the social security of the region are discussed. In the end, conclusions are formulated and recommendations are proposed for the development of relevant areas of activity of the DOOM of the Republic of Adygea and the KK. The methodological basis of the research is a systematic approach, as well as the principles of interdisciplinarity and polyparadigmality. The main method of empirical research was the sociological monitoring of the official website of the DOOM of the Republic of Adygea and the KK. The scientific novelty of the conducted research lies, firstly, in the fact that on the basis of an interdisciplinary analysis of scientific literature and normative legal documents, the peculiarities of the participation of Muslim spiritual administrations in ensuring the social security of the region are revealed. Secondly, based on the data of the sociological monitoring of the official website of the Duma of Republic of Adygea and the KK, the forms of participation of this religious organization in ensuring the social security of the region are shown. Thirdly, in order to further develop the activities of the Duma of the Republic of Adygea and the KK, which contribute to ensuring the social security of the region, recommendations are proposed to strengthen information and educational work. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the formulated conclusions and developed recommendations can be taken into account when further improving the forms and mechanisms of participation of Muslim religious organizations in ensuring the social security of the region. In addition, the research materials can be useful to public authorities in solving urgent problems of the development of state-confessional relations.
Consumer loyalty index of a higher educational institution: application, calculation methodology and factors influencing the indicator
Authors: Demidova Anastasiya Vladimirovna , Seiko Andrey Petrovich
Published: October 2024

The consumer loyalty index is now widely used in various areas of the market to receive feedback on the assessment of satisfaction between companies and consumers of their goods and services. This allows the organization to more fully meet the needs of the audience that its activities are aimed at and, with a high degree of probability, receive certain advantages in its field of activity. This technique is most often used in marketing. At the same time, attempts to apply it in the field of organization management, personnel management and other areas of activity are not uncommon. The experience of empirical research actualizes the question of the correctness of the straightforward extrapolation of the discussed methodology without taking into account the specifics of the company's activities. This is indirectly indicated by the creators of the classical methodology and their predecessors (for example, Joseph Pine and James Gilmore). Having analyzed the data collected earlier, the authors of the article suggest a different look at the correctness of the applicability of this technique for social systems.  The specifics of the social properties of the general population, the need for rapid data collection and the need for a wide coverage of representatives of the studied audience led to the use of the online questionnaire method. The selection of respondents was carried out by a continuous non-repetitive method. Based on the data obtained, the authors consider it advisable to look at the permissibility of direct application of the methodology widely used in marketing from a different angle, modify and supplement it with sociological indicators, such as, for example, the satisfaction index. The student society within one specifically chosen university is a relatively closed environment. It is influenced by many factors that have a specific, ambiguous character. The authors offer their own vision of the influence of these factors on the methodology of calculating the index. This will help to more adequately approach the formation of loyalty of university students in the context of the development of an educational institution, improve the quality of interaction with students and potential students. Work in this direction will provide an opportunity to further improve the status of the university, attract new applicants and diversify work with young people within the walls of the educational institution.
The study of socio-demographic characteristics and professional strategies of graduate students of the Far East based on the results of a questionnaire survey
Authors: Argylov Nikita Antonovich
Published: October 2024

This article presents the results of a questionnaire survey of the social well-being of graduate students of federal universities and scientific institutes in Vladivostok (Primorsky Krai) and Yakutsk (Sakha Republic). The purpose of the work is to identify problematic aspects of the professional realization of graduate students in the Far Eastern region, taking into account the point of view of the students themselves. The paper analyzes the basic educational characteristics of students in graduate school, their socio-demographic characteristics, as well as academic and career plans. Typical problems for postgraduate studies in the Far East are outlined. The conducted research confirms the problematic aspects of modern Russian postgraduate studies noted in most researches: weak financial support for graduate students, a significant proportion of those who refuse to make their PhD dissertations, uncertainty in the implementation of professional strategies. At the same time, it is noted that a considerable number of graduate students strive to ensure the staffing of educational and scientific institutions. A sociological mass online survey of students of universities and research institutes of the Far East, using the example of institutions in Vladivostok and Yakutsk. Our survey identified the socio-demographic characteristics that need to be taken into account when planning to improve the effectiveness of postgraduate education in the Far East and in Russia. The problematic aspects of the social well-being of graduate students noted by us, on the one hand, confirm the judgments of researchers about the typical difficulties of students in graduate school. On the other hand, in our opinion, there is a positive potential in graduate schools in the Far East, which can be used as a sure start to improve postgraduate education. Thus, our conclusions are substantially consistent with the results of the study made by A.V. Shapieva (it was conducted in 2021-2022 on the basis of Zabaikalsky State University): "... the presented analysis shows that the Far East faces a serious challenge... At the same time, educational organizations of higher education in the Far Eastern Federal District have significant potential..." [Shapieva, 2022: 175]. The continuation of our work should be the correlation of the data obtained during the survey with statistical studies of the state of Russian postgraduate studies in general and in certain regions.
Modern student and science: a look at the problem
Authors: Abrosimova Evgeniya Evgen'evna , Sergutin Sergei Sergeevich
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the attitude of students to the current state of Russian science. The object of the study is students of Russian universities. 529 students from universities in our country with a wide territorial coverage were interviewed, which allowed us to carefully study how students perceive science in our country, how they relate to this profession and whether they are ready to choose or abandon a potential career path in science. Special attention is paid to measures to support young scientists. The importance of student science is considered as a condition for the development of all Russian science and its scientific and technical sovereignty. The involvement of young people in the initial stages of higher education in the scientific environment is a priority, since students will later become scientists capable of strengthening and developing our state. The study was implemented through a survey in the form of a questionnaire. In the process of scientific research, the following methods were used: descriptive method; categorization method; analysis method, as well as a survey. The state is actively implementing various support measures for young researchers, intensifying scientific and educational activities at universities, and in the country as a whole. However, the period of lack of demand for the scientific sphere as a professional, changes in values among young people have left a significant imprint on the perception of the profession of a scientist as promising. Despite the measures taken, there is still a need to work in this direction. As one of the most significant vectors of development, it is necessary to consider the support and development of student science. This creates professional interest and will allow you to identify the most talented and enthusiastic students. The novelty and relevance of the research lies in the fact that during the implementation of the decade of science and technology in Russia and in the future, in order to involve students in research activities, it is important to know their attitude to science in order to take the necessary measures that will make the scientific environment the most desirable among young people.
Approbation of an integrated methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of the special tax regime "Professional income tax" on the example of subjects of the Volga Federal District
Authors: Kustov Nikita Alekseevich
Published: October 2024

Various changes in the state tax policy of the Russian Federation in relation to individuals represent an urgent topic for comprehensive research. Of particular importance is the issue of assessing and forecasting the consequences of the introduction of these changes affecting socio-economic indicators, both for individual subjects of the Russian Federation and the country as a whole. This article proposes an approbation of the author's integral methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of the special tax regime "Professional income Tax" (hereinafter – the NPD) presented in the previous article by the author "Integral methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of the special tax regime "Professional income tax". The approbation of the methodology based on current data (for 2022 on the example of the subjects of the Volga Federal District) allows us to draw conclusions about its applicability, as well as to develop practical recommendations for improving tax policy in relation to individuals. The integrated methodology developed by the author for evaluating the effectiveness of the NPA is a tool that can be useful for both researchers and practitioners in the field of taxation and economic policy. Based on the results of the conducted approbation of the integrated methodology for assessing the effectiveness of taxation on the example of the NPD, it was concluded that it is universal and promising for evaluating any special tax regimes for individuals. The application of this methodology allows us to take into account the individual characteristics of the assessed tax regime and analyze its impact on socio-economic indicators. The use of an integrated methodology makes it possible to assess not only the budgetary effectiveness of the special tax regime, but also its social and economic consequences. This is a new and non-standard tax policy tool that allows to assess a wide range of consequences of the introduction of various special tax regimes and compare their effectiveness with each other. This approach to the assessment of special tax regimes opens up new opportunities for making informed decisions in the field of tax policy, taking into account both financial and social aspects. As a result, the use of an integrated methodology can contribute to more effective management of tax regimes and reduce negative socio-economic consequences.
A study of the territorial differentiation of wages for agricultural workers and monetary incomes of the population by municipal and urban districts
Authors: Burda Aleksei Grigor'evich
Published: October 2024

The publication examines the differentiation of wages in the agricultural sector of the Russian economy, compares it with the general situation in the country, identifies regional and gender differences, analyzes the volume of social benefits and taxable monetary incomes of the population by municipal districts and urban districts of Kuban. The changing socio-economic environment, business conditions and the economic situation in the country and the world encourage the development of certain aspects of the problem of territorial differentiation of wages for agricultural workers and monetary incomes of the population, taking into account the current labor market conditions. Wage differentiation is one of the factors of income inequality of the population, it affects the stratification of the population in terms of living standards. Districts and urban districts of the Krasnodar Territory differ in terms of population, income and social benefits per inhabitant. The research applied general scientific methods of scientific cognition, statistical groupings, methods of economic analysis and data visualization. It has been found that, in the whole country, women's wages are growing faster than men's. However, the opposite situation is observed in agriculture: the growth rate of women's wages is lower than that of men. The relationship between the population of municipal districts and the income level in the Krasnodar Territory has been revealed. In large municipalities, where there are more job opportunities, the income level is higher. There is a significant differentiation of wages in agriculture in the Russian Federation by region and gender. It is necessary to improve the remuneration system in such a way that it takes into account the contribution of each employee to the overall result, its effectiveness and industry characteristics. Studies of cyclical wage fluctuations, including the seasonal component, as well as the real level of wages in the regions of the country and fair wages of employees of agricultural organizations seem promising.
Financing of subjects of public control in Russia: problems and prospects
Authors: Malinovskii Oleg Nikolaevich , Goncharov Vitalii Viktorovich , Petrenko Elena Gennad'evna , Cheshin Andrei Vladimirovich
Published: October 2024

This article is devoted to the analysis of modern problems and prospects of the organization and implementation of financing of subjects of public control in the Russian Federation. The paper substantiates the importance of subjects of public control in the system of civil society institutions in Russia. The authors of the article argue that the effective organization and functioning of any institution of civil society in the Russian Federation largely depends on the level of its financing. The authors note that the amount of funding for subjects of public control in Russia is not sufficient, which affects both the effectiveness of their work as a whole and the extent to which public control measures cover a potential range of its objects, which, in turn, undermines the overall authority of this institution of civil society. In the course of writing this scientific article, a number of general and particular scientific research methods were used, including: formal-logical; comparative-legal; historical-legal; statistical; sociological; method of analyzing specific legal situations. The paper identifies problems that impede the optimal organization and implementation of financing processes for various subjects of public control in the Russian Federation, for example: the subsidized nature of most regional and municipal budgets; insufficient subsidies from the federal budget for the development of the system of subjects of public control; the lack of development of the institute of public-private partnership in the field of financing the organization and activities of subjects of public control; the lack of elaboration of a system of criteria for evaluating the economic efficiency and effectiveness of the processes of organization and activities of subjects of public control; the lack of consolidation in the legislation on public control of a clear system of sources of financing for this type of activity, as well as the grounds, limits, conditions and types of financing of this activity at the expense of individuals and legal entities.
Seizure of other people's property in case of theft committed using electronic means of payment: features of qualification
Authors: Ushchekin Stanislav Nikolaevich
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the specifics of the seizure of other people's property in the context of using electronic money and the qualification of those acts provided for in paragraph "d", part 3 of Article 158 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter – the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). The use of electronic means of payment (hereinafter referred to as ESP) in the process of committing theft actualizes the research presented by us, which is confirmed by the intensity of publication of works on similar topics. Meanwhile, the ineffectiveness of criminal law measures to protect property indicates the insufficient elaboration of the issues outlined by the author, which allows us to conclude that there is a high research potential for expanding the criteria for "seizure" of other people's property in the qualification of theft using ESP. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the "seizure" of other people's property when committing thefts using ESP, which make it possible to develop scientifically sound recommendations for the qualification of this type of crime. The research methodology includes both general scientific and private scientific methods of cognition, including legal analysis of legislation and judicial practice, a logical approach for forming hypotheses and concepts, as well as a systematic approach for considering "withdrawal" in the context of the general theory of criminal law. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the substantiation of the concept of legal seizure of property in case of theft using ESP. The improved approach makes it possible to expand the traditional understanding of seizure based on the physical movement of property. Thus, when qualifying theft using an ESP, the seizure of someone else's property should be understood as the illegal interception of the powers of the owner of the property as a result of obtaining unauthorized access to the ESP. The author came to the following conclusions: the concept of legal seizure of property takes into account the specifics of the theft using ESP, namely electronic money without physical expression. In such cases, the seizure of property occurs by obtaining illegal access to the ESP; the justification of the stated concept is of great practical importance, since it allows to qualify thefts using the ESP as completed crimes from the moment of obtaining unauthorized access to the ESP, even if the actual disposal of property has not yet occurred, which will increase the protection of property of citizens and organizations from new types of theft in the field of electronic payments.
Public inspection as a form of public control in the Russian Federation: current problems and development prospects
Authors: Malinovskii Oleg Nikolaevich , Goncharov Vitalii Viktorovich , Petrenko Elena Gennad'evna
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of modern problems and prospects for the development of public inspections as the most important form of public control. The role and place of the institution of public control in the system of legal guarantees for the implementation and protection of the system of constitutional principles and constitutional rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens are substantiated. The place of public inspections in the system of forms of public control is being investigated. The problems hindering the development of the institute of public inspections are formalized and investigated: the lack of consolidation of the institute of public control in the Constitution of Russia; insufficient detailing of the powers of subjects of public control and its powers in the exercise of public control; the lack of real powers for the effective implementation of this form of public control; the absence of legal structures in the Criminal Code and the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation providing for the responsibility of officials, as well as third parties, for actions aimed at obstructing the legitimate activities of representatives of subjects of public control; insufficient number of subjects who can initiate public inspections; lack of a uniform understanding of the procedure for organizing and conducting public inspections; insufficient level of technical and other support for the activities of subjects of public control; weak use of foreign experience in this area. A system of measures to resolve them has been developed and justified. The following scientific methods were used in the research: formal-logical; comparative-legal; historical-legal; statistical; sociological. The research basis is the doctrinal sources of V. V. Aksenova, M. G. Popova, V. V. Gryba, P. A. Kabanova, and others, devoted to the analysis of various forms of public control in the Russian Federation (primarily public inspections), as well as the legal regulation of the organization and conduct of public control events in Russia, the results of sociological research on practice the functioning of subjects of public control, as well as statistical data on their organization and activities. The purpose of the study is not only the formalization and analysis of modern problems that impede the optimal organization and conduct of public control measures in the Russian Federation in the form of public inspections, but also the development and justification of a system of measures to resolve these problems.
Development of the radio-electronic industry in the kaleidoscope of tax incentives
Authors: Krokhmal Daniil Dmitrievich
Published: October 2024

The object of the study is the economic policy of stimulating radio-electronic production within the Russian economy. The subject of the study is tax instruments aimed at regulating the economic processes of industrial production of radio-electronic products. The author examines in detail the current state of the radioelectronics industry in Russia: the role of radioelectronics for the further growth of the national economy is substantiated, an analysis of industry entities is presented, the main aspects of production and economic efficiency are studied, an analysis of investment flows is carried out, and the main obstacles to further development are identified. Particular attention is paid to the issue of overcoming the mentioned obstacles by creating an effective system of tax incentives for radio-electronic enterprises. The novelty of the study lies in the formation of two conceptual proposals for improving the mechanism of tax incentives for the radio-electronic industry: “within the framework of the current maneuver” and “under a separate tax base.” The first concept is designed to eliminate the shortcomings of the current incentive model for radio-electronic enterprises. As part of its implementation, the author examines the shortcomings of existing corporate income tax benefits, describes the problems of their practical application, analyzes various ways to eliminate shortcomings and makes proposals for their improvement. The second concept, in turn, is aimed at expanding the benefit beyond the “radio-electronic enterprise” towards “radio-electronic production”.
Modernization of the assessment of the effectiveness of public spending on the provision of targeted social benefits in the context of achieving the national goal of reducing poverty in Russia
Authors: Romaikin Pavel Denisovich
Published: October 2024

Currently, the Russian Federation is actively modernizing the social support system of the population, taking place in the context of achieving the national development goals until 2030, which include the goal of reducing the poverty level. However, despite the broad architecture of the social protection system, the poverty level in the Russian Federation remains significant, which actualizes academic research on fine-tuning the targeted social support system. The subject of the study is the effectiveness of government spending on the financial provision of targeted social benefits (first of all, the monthly allowance in connection with the birth and upbringing of a child under 17 years of age as the main targeted payment in the Russian architecture of targeted social support measures). Based on the indicators proposed by the author, an assessment of the social and budgetary effectiveness of the monthly allowance in connection with the birth and upbringing of a child under 17 years old was carried out. It is concluded that there are "inadequate funds" in the structure of budget expenditures directed to the financial provision of this payment, creating a surplus (surplus) of income for some recipient households in relation to the subsistence minimum. This property is caused by the discrete procedure for determining the amount of payment for households with different incomes. At the same time, it is shown that the maximum payment amounts are insufficient to remove the least well-off households with children from the poverty zone. Moreover, the author's analysis showed the cost comparability of these post-transfer deficits and income surpluses, which made it possible to form the author's proposals for targeted redistribution of budget funds. So, based on the identified problems, changes are proposed to the procedure for assigning monthly allowances in connection with the birth and upbringing of a child under 17 years old, related to the transition to a continuous determination of the amount of payment based on the size of the income deficit of the recipient household. The proposed redistribution of budget funds makes it possible to completely overcome the poverty of households with children and does not require additional budget expenditures. These results have high practical significance for the activities of the Ministry of Labor of Russia and the Ministry of Finance of Russia, as well as regional executive authorities responsible for the implementation of social policy.
How to reduce idle money in the compulsory health insurance system?
Authors: Balynin Igor Viktorovich , Ragozin Andrei Vasil'evich , Grizenkova YUliya Viktorovna
Published: October 2024

The object of the study is the compulsory medical insurance system in the Russian Federation. The subject is the reduction of idle money in the compulsory medical insurance system. The authors conducted a financial justification for assessing the scale of one of the idle turnovers associated with the counter movement of funds in the compulsory medical insurance system: when paying insurance premiums for compulsory medical insurance of persons employed in medical organizations and forming tariffs for the provision of medical services (the cost of which includes wages with accruals for payments for wages, the share of which in some cases exceeds 90%). Particular attention is paid to assessing the volume of financial support for the implementation of the author's recommendations, which has its own specific nuances in comparison with the financial mechanism for implementing the current practice of preferential tariffs for compulsory medical insurance. The authors used the following set of research methods: deduction, structural and dynamic analysis, synthesis, comparison, graphical tools. Scientific novelty is associated with insufficient study in domestic and foreign scientific literature of issues related to reducing the number of idle speeds. It was revealed that in 2022, at least 64.89 billion rubles are accounted for by the payment of insurance premiums for compulsory medical insurance of employees of medical organizations (which is more than 2.4 billion rubles higher than in 2021). The implementation of the author's proposals will not require additional interbudgetary transfers from the federal budget. The results obtained will be useful for practical use in the activities of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, the Government of Russia, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, as well as medical organizations in the framework of making and implementing decisions on the modernization of the compulsory medical insurance system.
Education as a tool for managing the development of human capital in new macroeconomic conditions
Authors: Kirko Vladimir Igorevich , Kononova Elena Sergeevna , Luk'yanova Anna Aleksandrovna
Published: October 2024

The article considers the issues of stable development of socio-economic systems, creation of conditions for the well-being of the population. A modernized chain of stages for improving the quality of life and sustainable development is given, the evolution of knowledge accumulation is considered. The author's interpretations of the difference between the concepts of "human capital" and "human potential" are given. It is concluded that education is a key tool for the formation of sustainable socio-economic systems that ensure the implementation and development of human capital and, ultimately, an improvement in the quality of life of the population. The methodological basis of the study includes such general scientific methods as system analysis, synthesis, abstraction and analogy, generalization and classification, which ensure the validity of the results and conclusions of the study. The main conclusion of the study is the fact that the innovative vector of development of the Russian economy necessitates the creation of a system of continuous education that could ensure a high quality of life for the population and the maximum completeness of the development of human capital. At the same time, the authors conclude as a result of the study that a highly effective system of engineering and technical training is another important element of education as a tool for improving the quality of life of the population and developing human capital. At the same time, some of the key areas of modernization of engineering and technical training are: - development of interaction with industrial partners in order to ensure the practical orientation of the educational process; - modernization of the model of targeted training of graduates in terms of the transition from targeted admission to the 1st year to targeted training based on the selection of highly motivated 2nd-3rd year students for specialized training in the interests of industry leaders; - development of innovative forms of organization of the educational process.
The role of non-governmental organizations in the development of humanitarian cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Azerbaijan
Authors: Aseikin Mikhail Mikhailovich
Published: October 2024

In this work, the author presents a detailed analysis of the current state of humanitarian cooperation between Azerbaijan and the Russian Federation, as well as explores possible directions for future development of this cooperation. The main research tools employed in the study are the up-to-date results of the annual monitoring of friendly communication regimes between the countries in 2022, which help reflect the current situation of cooperation between Russia and Azerbaijan. The work analyzes the practical activities of non-governmental and non-profit organizations in Azerbaijan and their influence on the state and development of relations between Azerbaijan and Russia. Special attention is given to the role of Western countries in humanitarian cooperation with Russia and Azerbaijan. The role of Western organizations as a potential source of financing for humanitarian programs implemented by Russian and Azerbaijani organizations is examined. The author of the work indicates that the experience of Western countries can be valuable for Russia and Azerbaijan in establishing effective work of their own non-governmental and non-profit organizations within the framework of humanitarian cooperation. The interaction between the organizations of these countries will lead to significant achievements in humanitarian cooperation, as Western non-governmental and non-profit organizations can complement the activities of Russian and Azerbaijani organizations, enhancing the positive effects of this cooperation. Thus, this work offers a comprehensive analysis of the influence of Western non-governmental and non-profit organizations on the humanitarian sector of Azerbaijan and describes the current state and potential directions for the development of cooperation in the context of relations with Russia.
Learning the Kazakh language in modern Russia: features and problems
Authors: Kanarova Victoria Nikolaevna
Published: October 2024

The article identifies the main features of learning the Kazakh language in modern Russia at three levels: in top universities, in high school, and in linguistic courses. The high relevance of the topic is due to the fact that the Republic of Kazakhstan has attached special importance to the language issue since gaining its state independence and is one of the cornerstones in its relations with the Russian Federation, its closest ally and strategic partner. A similar situation has existed throughout the post-Soviet period, and currently cooperation in the field of learning the Kazakh language in Russia is an important component of Russian-Kazakhstani relations in the cultural and humanitarian sphere. The theoretical basis of the work is the concept of linguopolitical realism, developed by the St. Petersburg political scientist I. V. Chernov. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the fact that the relevant issues have not been previously considered as a separate category in conducting the political analysis of Russian-Kazakhstani relations and remain poorly studied and unsystematized. Based on the results of the work carried out, the author offers a detailed description of the main educational programs on the basis of which the learning of the Kazakh language is carried out in Russian top universities. It should be noted that the Kazakh language is taught as a separate subject in Russian secondary schools, especially in regions where ethnic Kazakhs live in close proximity to each other. The learning of the Kazakh language as part of language courses has not seen the necessary development in our country. The author concludes that the top universities in Russia provide better training for specialists who speak the Kazakh language than in high school and language courses.
Turkey in the Focus of American Strategic Planning: Сontinuity in US Foreign Policy
Authors: Chmyreva Vera
Published: October 2024

In the Middle East and the Eurasian (post-Soviet) space, the US tactical interests lie within the framework of a single long-term strategy, which continuity is outside of fluctuations in the foreign policy environment. The study is aimed at examining the role of Turkey in the emerging architecture of world economy and geopolitics through the prism of US interests. The subject of the study is a set of key conceptual guidelines and officially accepted views on Turkish issues, reflected in the strategic planning documents of the United States. The relevance of the paper is determined by the need for a comprehensive analysis of the process of geopolitical transformations in the post-Soviet space, in which the role of Turkey acquires special significance. The source base includes legislative sources (regulatory and legislative acts) as well as the corpus of office documentation (documents of a normative, reporting and informational nature). US foreign policy practice as well as the intensification of US-Turkish interaction over the last years, including the development of new mechanisms and areas of cooperation, demonstrate the importance of maintaining allied relations with Turkey aiming to minimize risks and costs directly for the United States. Taking into consideration the growth of Turkish political subjectivity, foreign policy influence and its military potential, one should expect greater US involvement in the Turkish case in order to strengthen the allied US-Turkish partnership. Otherwise, US achievements in recent decades, including but not limited to the managing of East-West corridor, may be lost. In this context, US-Turkish disagreements on a number of issues are not an invincible obstacle for the US, and the United States is ready to build a new US-Turkish track based on Turkish foreign policy autonomy which does not contradict American long-term strategic interests.