bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
De-escalation of therapy in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A clinical observation
Authors: Bolotova E. V. , Dudnikova A. V. , Shulzhenko L. V.
Published: December 2024

Current clinical guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assign a significant role to the combination of a long-acting muscarinic antagonist / a long-acting β2-agonist (LAMA / LABA). The combined use of LAMA / LABA improves symptoms, quality of life, reduces the frequency of exacerbations, hospitalizations and mortality. Despite the existence of various guide-lines for the pharmacological treatment of COPD, there is a significant discrepancy between the recommendations and the actual practice of prescribing inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), especially in low-risk groups, where triple therapy is often overly prescribed. The purpose of this clinical observation is to demonstrate the de-escalation of triple therapy (ICS / LAMA / LABA) to a dual bronchodilation (LAMA / LABA) in a patient with COPD. Based on the dynamics of clinical, instrumental and laboratory parameters of the patient, the absence of indications for the appointment of ICS has been proven. The appointment of combined double therapy indacaterol / glycopyrronium bromide 110/50 mcg inhalation 1 time/day is justified. The positive effect dual bronchodilation therapy (indacatero / glycopyrronium bromide) has been demonstrated the symptoms and quality of life of the patient. The absence of adverse events against the background of taking indacaterol / glycopyrronium bromide and the convenience of using the Breezhaler® inhaler were established. Based on the above, conclusions are drawn: a thorough assessment of the indications for the appointment of ICS in stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is necessary; the use of a combination of indacaterol / glycopyrronium bromide in one device 1 time per day provides better adherence to treatment; the inhaler Breezhaler® ensures optimal delivery of a dose of the drug to the lungs.
The role of Diaskintest in detecting tuberculosis in adult patients: A clinical case
Authors: Kondakova M. N. , Kovaleva R. G. , Elkin A. V. , Kudryavtseva A. A. , Smirnova L. O.
Published: December 2024

The complexity of the differential diagnosis of tuberculosis is due to a combination of factors that lead to diagnostic difficulties and errors. At the forefront of this variability are: the similarity of the clinical and radiological picture of lung diseases with the absence of pathognomonic signs; the pathomorphosis and variability of clinical manifestations of lung diseases, where there is often a diversity of clinical variants of the same nosology. Some diseases with no established etiology (such as sarcoidosis and obliterative bronchiolitis) often mimic tuberculosis. At the current stage, the arsenal of tools that allows for the timely detection and diagnosis of the etiology of pathological changes in the lungs includes a recombinant tuberculosis allergen test (ATR) — the Diaskintest® preparation. Immunodiagnostics plays a leading role in establishing the presumed diagnosis of tuberculosis. This method allows for effective screening not only for active tuberculosis but also for latent tuberculosis infection in individuals with non-tuberculous lesions of the chest organs. Thus, Diaskintest® successfully addresses the issues of detection and differential diagnosis in real clinical practice within diagnostic algorithms for excluding tuberculosis. The article presents a clinical observation of newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis in a 30-year-old man. A distinctive feature of this case is that, in the absence of detection of the tuberculosis pathogen in the early stages of the disease, it was the positive result of the Diaskintest that guided the diagnostic search. As further examination results showed, the probable diagnosis established based on the positive ATR test completely matched the verified diagnosis of tuberculosis. The use of the ATR test allowed for a reduction in the diagnostic pause interval and the timely initiation of appropriate therapy for the patient, even with a negative microscopy result during the differential diagnosis stage.
Therapeutic strategy for overcoming antibiotic resistance in bacterial biofilms
Authors: Ignatova G. L. , Antonov V. N.
Published: December 2024

The presented article discusses the issue of overcoming antibiotic resistance in modern conditions. The main focus is on the formation of biofilms by microorganisms as one of the key mechanisms of antibacterial resistance. One of the key problems with the use of antibiotics for the treatment of biofilms is the necessity to achieve the required minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the drug at the biofilm site, which may be 100-800 times greater than the MIC for planktonic cells. Considering the significant human and financial costs, there is an increasing need to develop new strategies for therapeutic intervention in biofilms. The effectiveness of treatment is linked to the ability of the antimicrobial agent to penetrate the heterogeneous structure of the bacterial colony's substrate. It has been shown that the ability of the drug to penetrate the biofilm depends on the structure of the matrix, the genus and strain of the bacteria, as well as the selected antibiotic. Strategies for the penetration of major antibacterial drugs into the biofilm matrix are provided, in particular the use of combination drugs such as thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteinate (TGA). The possibilities of using TGA in various conditions — chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, and rhinosinusitis — are discussed. In addition, data are presented on the positive impact of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on biofilms in various other locations, including gastroenterology and catheter-associated infections. A review of the available medical literature shows that NAC in combination with thiamphenicol possesses, in addition to antibacterial properties, the ability to influence biofilm formation and disrupt biofilm function. The use of NAC may be a new strategy for the treatment of chronic respiratory infections associated with colony-forming microorganisms.
Effectiveness of anti-IL-5Rα-therapy in patients with T2-inflammatory airway diseases in real clinical practice
Authors: Naumova V. V. , Beltyukov E. К. , Zykov K. A. , Kovtun О. P. , Lepeshkova T. S. , Smolenskaya O. G. , Bykova G. A. , Troshina V. I. , Mineeva A. N.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. There is insufficient data on effectiveness and safety of targeted drugs aimed at T2 inflammation in real-life practice.

Aim. To evaluate benralizumab effectiveness in patients with T2-inflammatory airway diseases in real-life clinical practice and to identify predictors of a positive response to therapy.

Materials and methods. Patients' data from Sverdlovsk region registry with non-allergic eosinophilic (n = 32) and mixed (n = 6) severe asthma received benralizumab were analyzed. Reduction in proportion of patients requiring systemic GCS and proportion of patients with a good response to therapy according to BARS were the main endpoints. Dynamics in ACT score, basic therapy, asthma exacerbations frequency, emergency calls and hospitalizations, FEV1 and eosinophil blood count, scores in AQLQ, SNOT-22 and VAS were also evaluated. Control visits were conducted at baseline, after 4 and 12 months of benralizumab administration. Analysis of good response predictors to benralizumab was performed.

Results. Over 12 months of benralizumab therapy, the proportion of patients requiring systemic GCS decreased by 81.8%. According to BARS, a good response to therapy was demonstrated by 69.6% of patients (n = 16), satisfactory - 21.7% (n = 5), and insufficient - 8.7% (n = 2). Significant positive dynamics were observed in asthma control level, therapy volume (doses of inhaled GCS, intake of LABA, SABA), frequency of asthma exacerbations and hospitalizations, FEV1 and eosinophil blood count, AQLQ, SNOT-22 and VAS questionnaires. Patients with insufficient response to benralizumab had high initial blood eosinophilia.

Conclusions. In real clinical practice, benralizumab improves asthma control, reduces frequency of asthma exacerbations even in discontinuation of SGCS and reduction of basic therapy, improves lung function, quality of life, and reduces nasal symptoms in patients with concomitant inflammatory nasal diseases. A possible predictor of insufficient response to benralizumab was high initial eosinophilia (>2330 cells/μl).
Changes in QT interval in HIV patients treated with bedaquiline
Authors: Panteleev A. M.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. A modern problem of phthisiology is the treatment of patients with a combination of drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV infection. One of the most effective modern drugs in the treatment of MDR tuberculosis is bedaquiline. However, this drug has a number of adverse effects, among which the dominant one is the cardiotoxic effect, manifested in the form of prolongation of the QT interval. The risk of cardiac adverse events is increased in patients receiving other drugs with a cardiotoxic effect in combination therapy. These include fluoroquinolones and protease inhibitors used to treat HIV infection.

Aim. To analyze the dynamics of the QT interval in patients with a combination of tuberculosis and HIV infection who received complex anti-tuberculosis and antiretroviral therapy and determination of the risks of developing cardiac complications.

Materials and methods. The analysis of the dynamics of the QTc interval values was performed in 91 patients with a combination of drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV infection who received bedaquiline in the tuberculosis chemotherapy regimen. The inclusion criteria for the study were the presence of HIV infection, newly diagnosed tuberculosis verified by a bacteriological method with the presence of multiple or extensive drug resistance of MBT, the use of bedaquiline in the tuberculosis treatment regimen, the use of antiretroviral therapy during anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy.

Results. During the complex therapy, which included bedaquiline and other potentially cardiotoxic drugs (fluoroquinolones, protease inhibitors), in no case was there a clinically significant event or change in the QTc interval that required treatment interruption. Factor analysis revealed a potentially significant effect on the change in the QTc interval of levofloxacin and moxifloxacin in tuberculosis chemotherapy regimens.

Conclusion. Bedaquiline is a safe anti-tuberculosis drug in terms of cardiotoxic reactions in the complex therapy of tuberculosis in patients with HIV infection and is well tolerated without the development of clinically significant cardiotoxic reactions.
Distribution of values of indicators of minimum suppressive concentrations of antibiotics in relation to gram-negative bacterial strains isolated from cystic fibrosis
Authors: Galieva R. R. , Kondratenko O. V. , Gavrilova O. N. , Kokorev D. A. , Bochkareva P. V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Cystic fibrosis is a severe chronic genetic disease, in which the microbiological status of the patient plays an important role, because it will determine the severity of the respiratory infection. In recent years, representatives of non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria (NFGNB) - P. aeruginosa, B. cenocepacia, Axylosoxidans; as well as representatives of the order Flavobacteriales - have become of great clinical importance in patients with cystic fibrosis. A feature of some representatives of NFGNB is the formation of resistance to antibacterial drugs, due to prolonged antimicrobial therapy. In addition to the acquired, there is a high level of natural resistance, and therefore the possibilities of using antibacterial drugs are significantly limited.

Aim. To estimate the distribution of the values of the minimum suppressive concentrations (MSC) of cefepim / sulbactam, piperacillin / tazobactam, biapenem in relation to 100 strains of Gram-negative bacteria isolated from respiratory samples from patients with cystic fibrosis.

Materials and methods. To date, new compounds have appeared with potential activity against the strains under consideration - cefepim / sulbactam, piperacillin / tazobactam, biapenem. We selected 100 bacterial strains isolated from respiratory samples from patients with cystic fibrosis from various regions of the Russian Federation. Among them, 69 strains are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 6 - Achromobacter xylosoxidans, 14 - Burkholderia cenocepacia, 10 - Chryseobacterium spp., 1 - Elizabethkingia miricola. MSC values were determined for 3 antimicrobial drugs: cefepim / sulbactam, piperacillin / tazobactam, biapenem.

Results and discussions. According to the data obtained, it was found that most strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Achromobacter xylosoxidans have a high level of sensitivity to cefepim/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam. The criteria for evaluating the MSC indicators of the studied drugs in relation to Burkholderia cenocepacia and representatives of the order Flavobacteriales have not been determined, however, it is worth noting that most isolates have demonstrated an achievable value of MSC indicators. This suggests the possibility of practical application of antimicrobial drugs under test.

Conclusions. The data obtained indicate the microbiological efficacy of the drugs: cefepim/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, biapenem relative to NFGNB isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis.
Evaluation of the spectrum of sensitization in children with bronchial asthma in Moscow and Moscow region
Authors: Kolosova N. G. , Denisova A. R. , Denisova V. D.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Chronic allergic respiratory inflammation triggered by contact with cause-significant allergens is the pathogenetic characteristic of atopic bronchial asthma. Identification of sensitization is essential for successful therapy of bronchial asthma.

Aim. To study age-related changes in the spectrum of sensitization to allergens in children with bronchial asthma followed up in healthcare facilities of Moscow and Moscow region.

Materials and methods. A total of 970 children aged 0 to 17 years 11 months residing in Moscow and Moscow region were include in the retrospective, cross-sectional, population-based study of the spectrum of allergic sensitization of bronchial asthma based on their medical records.

Results. Total IgE was only assessed in 37.11% (n = 360) of patients from the study cohort of children with bronchial asthma, of which an elevated IgE level was identified in 81% of cases (292 children), suggesting the prevalence of the atopic bronchial asthma phenotype over non-atopic asthma phenotype. The analysis showed the changing patterns of allergen sensitization by age group. Most of the patients, irrespective of their age, showed sensitization to household allergens. In addition to household allergen sensitization, food sensitization was also reported in 36% in children under 4 years of age, which was the highest rate as compared to other age periods. Sensitization to household and pollen allergens was found to increase significantly as children age (p < 0.05). Cross-sensitization (to pollens produced from wind-pollinated plants) to food allergens was low, but increased from an early age up to 15-18 years. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a very common comorbidity of asthma and accounts for 18% with a gradual increase in indicators by the age of 18. Children with concurrent asthma have almost the same incidence of developing atopic dermatitis up to age 18.

Conclusions. The prevalence of sensitization to food allergens has been established in children with asthma residing in Moscow and Moscow region under 4 years old, and the prevalence of sensitization to household, pollen and epidermal allergens — over 5 years old, which should be taken into account when managing these patients.
Stant Dizilimi Dikkate Alınarak Tasarlanan Ambalajların Reklam Alanı Oluşturma Kabiliyetleri
Authors: Bahattin Ceylan Hatice , Ceylan İbrahim Gökhan
Published: December 2024

Tasarım süreci içerisinde stant dizilimi dikkate alınarak ve doğru şekilde planlanan ambalajlar, ürünün görünürlüğünü artırırken, tüketicinin ürünü fark etmesini ve markanın mesajı doğrudan ve tez zamanda iletmesini sağlayabilir. Aynı zamanda bu tasarım hamlesi, ürünün daha geniş reklam alanlarına sahip olmasını sağlayacaktır. Bu araştırma ile; amacı yalnızca ürünü pazarlamak olan tasarımların dışında, estetiği ve sanatı da tüketici ile buluşturan tasarımların önemine dikkat çekmek, ambalaj tasarımında yenilikçi bir perspektif açığa çıkarmak ve alan yazına katkı sağlanmak istenmiştir.
Araştırmada stant dizilimi dikkate alınarak tasarlanan 5 farklı ürün ambalajı, renk, biçim, tipografi ve illüstrasyon tercihi içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Bulgulara göre bu yaklaşım, pazarda markayı prestijli ve estetik olarak konumlandırırken, markanın hedef kitle ile olan duygusal etkileşimini de artırabileceği öngörülmektedir.
Görsel Kültür Öğelerinin, Görsel Metafor Tipolojisine Göre Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Ay Resul
Published: December 2024

Tabelalar, afişler, billboardlar, semboller, ikonlar, etiketler, piktogramlar ve benzeri tüm görsel ögelerin birer görsel kültür ürünleri olduğu bilinmektedir. Araştırmada görsel kültür ögelerinin, grafik tasarım sanatçıları tarafından yaratıcı yaklaşımlarıyla gelişen anlamsal değişimleri ele alınmıştır. Günlük hayatta sıkça karşılaştığımız bu görseller taşıdıkları sıradanlaşmış anlamlarından tasarımcılar tarafından çıkarılarak; güçlü ve ikna edici kavramsal mesajlara dönüşmektedirler. Görsellerin farklı bir anlam evrenine geçişleri ve bu geçiş süreçlerinin aşamaları irdelenmiş, Philips ve Mcquarrie tarafından geliştirilen görsel metafor tipolojisine göre çözümlenmeye çalışılmıştır.
The extreme climate event change trend forecast in the Huaihe River Basin, China
Authors: Zhou Ke
Published: December 2024

First, this paper studied the selection of indices for extreme climate event evaluation. Then, the estimation of the extreme value distribution of rainfall events in different recurrence periods was studied. A reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo method based on a generalized extreme distribution was proposed. For data series analysis in different scenarios, the method of equal weight set average was adopted. Finally, based on three climate models, the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of the extreme climate in the Huaihe River Basin under three scenarios (RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, and RCP 8.5) were forecasted. The spatial distribution of the daily maximum and minimum temperatures shows a consistent trend, increasing from the upper reaches to the middle and lower reaches of the Huaihe River. Extreme rainfall analysis in different recurrence periods under the three scenarios revealed that the maximum 1-day and 5-day rainfall amounts were greater than those in the historical periods in the Huaihe River Basin. The annual precipitation in the Huaihe River Basin shows a weak increasing trend. It can be shown from the study results that by the late 21st century, climate change under the future climate change impact scenarios will increase greatly.
Decentralized water quality classification using federated learning with recurrent neural networks
Authors: Rejula M. Anline , Minija S. Jasmine , Sophia S. Gnana , Barakka J. Angel
Published: December 2024

The preservation of human health and the integrity of the ecosystem depend on regular assessments of water quality. Nevertheless, conventional centralised methodologies encounter difficulties concerning data privacy, scalability, and resource constraints. This research presents an innovative, privacy-preserving approach utilising federated learning with recurrent neural networks (RNNs) to overcome these restrictions. Our approach facilitates decentralised training of predictive models across remote water monitoring sources, such as treatment facilities and field stations, without the need to transfer sensitive data, in contrast to previous methods. Our methodology uniquely captures temporal trends in water quality data, such as variations in pH, dissolved oxygen, and pollutant levels, by integrating federated learning with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks. Experimental results indicate that our method attains a classification accuracy of 92.3% while simultaneously improving data confidentiality and scalability, rendering it a practical instrument for decentralised water quality monitoring in real-world applications. This new approach provides a significant leap in environmental monitoring by enabling secure, large-scale, and collaborative analysis of water quality data.
Crescimento inicial de mamoeiro micorrizado e irrigado com águas de diferentes salinidades
Authors:   , Oliveira Filho Francisco de Sales
Published: December 2024

A irrigação de mudas de espécies frutíferas com água de baixa qualidade, sobretudo com elevados teores de sais, é uma realidade entre os produtores de mudas do semiárido brasileiro, sendo esta uma condição que pode impactar negativamente na qualidade das plantas em sua fase inicial de crescimento, fazendo-se necessário lançar mão de estratégias que viabilizem o uso destas águas sem, contudo comprometer a qualidade das mudas. Neste sentido, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da micorrização na morfofisiologia de mudas de mamoeiro (Carica papaia L.) do Grupo Formosa, Híbrido Tainung Nº 1, submetidas à irrigação com águas salinas. A pesquisa foi conduzida no viveiro de produção de mudas do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba, IFPB, Campus Sousa, no período de março a dezembro de 2018. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos completos casualizados, em arranjo fatorial 4 x 5, referente às espécies de fungos Gigaspora candida, Acaulospora scrobiculata, Dentiscutata heterogama e sem micorrizas e aos níveis de salinidade em água, 0,0; 10,0; 20,0; 30,0 e 40,0 mmolc L-1, em quatro repetições. Os inóculos de fungos micorrízicos foram provenientes da coleção de culturas da Embrapa Agrobiologia, Seropédica-RJ. A inoculação se deu no momento da semeadura, utilizando uma mistura de solo contendo esporos, hifas e raízes colonizadas, com os fungos das espécies micorrízicas estudadas. As irrigações, com águas de distintas salinidades, foram realizadas diariamente, de modo a deixar o solo com a umidade próxima à capacidade máxima de retenção, com base no método das pesagens, sendo aplicada a fração de lixiviação de 20%, semanalmente. As características avaliadas foram: percentagem de colonização micorrízica, conteúdo relativo de água, déficit de saturação hídrica, dano de membrana, pigmentos fotossintéticos, área foliar, índices fisiológicos, biometria, acúmulo de massa de matéria seca na raiz, caule, folha e total, acúmulo dos macronutrientes nitrogênio, fósforo, potássio e cálcio e dos íons sódio e cloreto, no tecido foliar. Maior percentagem de colonização micorrízica foi evidenciada pelas espécies Dentiscutata heterogama e Gigaspora candida, independentemente da concentração de sal. Porém, evidenciou-se que a taxa de infecção micorrízica diminuiu com o incremento da salinidade. Melhorias no conteúdo relativo de água, concentração de pigmentos fotossintéticos, índices fisiológicos, acúmulo de biomassa, crescimento, concentração e acúmulo de nutrientes foram evidenciados em mudas de mamoeiro micorrizadas para todas as concentrações de sais. No geral, o uso das micorrizas proporcionaram mudas de mamoeiro de qualidade superior as não micorrizadas independentemente do nível salino da água, sendo as espécies Dentiscutata heterogama e Gigaspora candida recomendas, devido o alívio significativo ao efeito deletério da salinidade nos componentes morfofisiológicos das mudas de mamoeiro
Intestinal Malrotation in Chronic Form in Adults: A Diagnostic and Management Challenge
Authors: Kaleem Ahmad , Reza Ali , Abdalla Alaa
Published: December 2024

Background:

Intestinal malrotation in adults is more common in chronic, insidious patterns, reported to be around 88% in the literature, with features ranging
from intermittent abdominal pain and vomiting to food intolerance, malabsorption, and motility disorders. This clinical spectrum can be
debilitating for the patient in terms of morbidity and mortality, especially in the context of acute presentation in the background of chronic features.

Case Presentation:

We present a 26-year-old male with a history of over 10 hospital admissions since childhood with intermittent abdominal pain and vomiting
labeled as cyclic vomiting syndrome. He was in distress regarding the chronicity of his symptoms and presented with an acute abdomen due to
acute small bowel intestinal obstruction. He underwent diagnostic laparoscopy and reduction of internal hernia followed by exploratory laparotomy
and division of Ladd’s band and realignment of bowel. Postoperatively, he recovered and recuperated well.

Conclusion:

Intestinal malrotation should be in the routine differential diagnosis of acute abdomen, especially with the history of nonspecific abdominal
symptomatology, so that diagnosis can be made early to prevent morbidity and mortality in this age group.
Synthesis of Pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine Carbodithioates Using Deep Eutectic
Solvent as Recyclable Media and Three-Component Reaction
Authors: Singh R.K.R. , Devi M.M. , Singh N.S. , Singh O.M. , Chanu L.G.
Published: December 2024

A facile, three-component one-pot synthesis of a combinatorial library of pyrido[2,3-
d]pyrimidines by condensation of easily accessible β-oxodithioesters with 1,3-dimethyl-6-amino uracil
and aldehydes under deep eutectic solvent medium is achieved. The yields of the desired products
are good to excellent, irrespective of the steric and electronic nature of the substituents. The advantages
of operational simplicity, economic viability, generality, and atom economy, together with
its ecologically benign nature, make this protocol a very efficient alternative to literature methods.
These compounds contain reactive functionalities for further ring annulation reactions and thus can be
utilized as building blocks for complex natural products.
De novo Presentation of Systemic Lupus as Bullous Erythematosus: A Case Report
Authors: Mattoo Saima Majid , Iftikhar Sarah Mohammed , Gopal Rajesh Gupta , Hamad Imadeldin Ahmed , Bichu Shubhada Mandar
Published: December 2024

Background::

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) (C1) is a disease with multi-organ
involvement that can have a variety of cutaneous manifestations in 76% of cases during the disease.
Less than 1% of these patients are diagnosed with confirmed bullous systemic lupus erythematosus
(C1). Given the wide differential diagnosis of a bullous lesion, it is imperative to reach a
conclusive diagnosis as it can have a direct impact on the course of management of the disease.
Here, we present a case of SLE with a de novo presentation of bullous lesions. Throughout the
length of the report, we will go through the protracted clinical course of the patient, followed by a
clinically relevant discussion of the condition.

Case Presentation:

The case describes the presentation of a young African female of low socio-economic
status with first-ever eruption of bullous lesions on her trunk and groin. The lesions progressed
to involve the face. A biopsy was taken, and the patient was started on dapsone and hydroxychloroquine.
She initially responded well but soon developed Steven Johnson syndrome in
reaction to dapsone. In the meantime, a biopsy and hematological work-up confirmed a diagnosis
of Bullous SLE. The patient was started on methotrexate, to which she initially responded well but
developed methotrexate-induced cytopenia. This was followed by initiation of mycophenolate, to
which the patient responded very well and was subsequently discharged on the same. At the time
of discharge, all lesions healed, and the hematological workup remarkably improved.

Conclusion:

All patients with bullous lesions should be evaluated for bullous SLE. A definitive diagnosis
will chart the course of management. Multiple drug options are available, and there is no
single hierarchy of medicines that will suit all. Sometimes, multiple modalities need to be tried before
the patient achieves clinical remission and then can be continued on the same.
Atrial Fibrillation Ablation in Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction: An Observational Study of Risk Factors for Heart Failure Hospitalization
Authors: qi Rundi , Liu Hailei , Zhu Yue , Wu Nan , Wang Kexin , Ding Xiangwei , Gu Zhoushan , Li Mingfang , Chen Hongwu , Ju Weizhu , Li Xin , Chen Minglong
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Long-term heart failure hospitalization (HFH) after radiofrequency
catheter ablation (RFCA) in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with heart failure and preserved
ejection fraction (HFpEF) and its risk factors remain to be investigated.

Methods:

AF patients with HFpEF who underwent RFCA from January, 2014 to December,
2018 from three centers were retrospectively included. Patients were assigned to the training and
testing cohorts, respectively. In the training cohort, logistic regression analyses were performed
to discriminate those with and without HFH. A scoring system was developed accordingly and
validated.

Results:

A total of 417 AF patients with HFpEF receiving RFCA were enrolled. About 35 patients
(8.4%) had HFH for 6 years. In the training cohort, the use of diuretics, atrial tachycardia
(AT)/AF recurrence, prior HFH, and female sex were independent predictors of HFH in the
multivariable analysis. A DAPF score (ranging from 0 to 9.0) was developed. The area under
the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the DAPF score was 0.880 (95% CI, 0.830-
0.929). A DAPF score ≥3.5 could predict HFH with a sensitivity of 81.8% and a specificity of
74.6%. The performance in the testing cohort remained robust (AUC, 0.858; 95% CI, 0.749-
0.967).

Conclusion:

HFH in patients with AF and HFpEF after RFCA is not rare. The DAPF score
could predict the risk of HFH in AF patients with HFpEF after RFCA and guide our treatment
strategy.
The Molecular Determinants of Erythrocyte Removal Impact the Development of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis
Authors: Charalampos Papadopoulos
Published: December 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a major cause of a worldwide
clinical and financial burden. Despite the tremendous efforts for untangling the molecular
mechanisms, there is still a need for defining specific therapeutic targets. In this editorial, the author
will focus on the role of erythrocyte death and hepatic erythrophagocytosis in MASH. Evidence
indicates that erythrolysis prior to erythrophagocytosis protects against the development of
MASH, while phagocytosis of intact erythrocytes culminates in hepatic inflammation. Furthermore,
understanding the balance between erythrolysis and intact erythrocyte engulfment could
lead to the development of new strategies for the treatment of MASH.
Patent Review of Electric Spindle Bearing Lubrication
Authors: Bao Yudong , Yao Baitong
Published: December 2024

Background:

Lubrication is essential in the working process of bearings. Lubrication can
reduce friction damage to the bearings, which is conducive to reducing the failure rate and prolonging
the service life.

Objective:

Some valuable conclusions are drawn by summarizing the research on bearing lubrication
in recent years. The future development of bearing lubrication is predicted to provide a reference for
researchers in related fields.

Methods:

This paper reviews representative patents related to bearing lubrication, discusses how
these bearings are lubricated and explains the impact of these lubrication methods on bearing life.

Results:

By retrospectively characterizing the influence of different influencing factors on the lubrication
of the electro spindle, the main problems existing in the current development, such as temperature,
sealing, lubrication method, etc., are analyzed and summarized. The future development of the
patent for electro spindle lubrication is discussed.

Conclusion:

The optimization and development of bearing lubrication are conducive to enhancing
equipment stability and safety. Bearing lubrication needs to be improved futher. More patents related
to spindle lubrication will be invented. Optimization and development of bearing lubrication are
conducive to enhancing equipment stability and safety.
Identification and Control of Transportation Units with Sequenced Learning Models Using Neural Networks
Authors: Selvarajan Shitharth , Manoharan Hariprasath , Saleem Farrukh , S Ramesh , T Manikandan
Published: December 2024

Aim:

This study illustrates the significance of transport units in monitoring diverse
paths using a critical system model. The suggested method identifies proficiency and framework
patterns that evolve across different time intervals, utilising machine learning optimisation that incorporates
sequence learning with interconnected neural networks.

Background:

As an increasing number of cars are interconnected for data communication to illustrate
available routes, it is essential to have suitable connectivity for transportation units. This
study may facilitate intelligent connectivity across transportation units by employing essential
shifts without compromising the efficiency of connected units.

Objective:

This study aimed to integrate the parametric design representations with neural networks
to address the primary goal of min-max functions, hence enhancing the efficiency of transportation
units.

Method:

The method presented here has employed sequenced learning patterns to select the shortest
path while rapidly altering pathway representations.

Results:

The alterations in pathways influenced by emissions have been noted and excluded from
connectivity units to enhance the overall lifetime of transportation units in the projected model.

Conclusion:

The results have been examined through a simulation framework encompassing four
scenarios, wherein potential connectedness has enhanced both the proficiency rate and the structure
while minimising the shifts. Subsequently, a comparison of the proposed method with the existing
methodology, where total efficiency has been assessed, has revealed the proposed method to
maximise the efficiency to 95%. In contrast, the existing strategy has yielded a reduced efficiency
of 86%.
Coexisting with Nature: “A Mini-Review of Outdoor Robot Arm Studies”
Authors: Abdi Ali
Published: December 2024

The use of robot arms has significantly increased due to their numerous advantages.
Initially confined to controlled environments such as factories, homes, operating rooms, and
laboratories, these robots have now expanded into open spaces. This expansion includes gardens,
farms, forests, job sites, urban areas, and even underwater settings, where they interact
with diverse elements including humans, animals, plants, and environmental factors. The integration
of outdoor robot arms into shared natural environments worldwide is crucial for the advancement
of the upcoming intelligent era. However, this integration presents new challenges
due to the dynamic and unpredictable nature of these environments, necessitating the development
of new rules and guidelines. One significant concern is the safety of both the robot arms
and the non-intelligent entities they interact with, alongside human safety considerations. This
paper reviews recent literature on outdoor robot arms in shared natural environments, analyzing
studies from multiple perspectives. It categorizes the distribution of publications by working
places, including gardens, job sites, farms, urban areas, forests, beaches and seas, and other
locations. The analysis also examines the primary targets and obstacles faced by these robots,
such as plants, elements, animals, and humans. Finally, the paper discusses critical considerations
for the successful coexistence of robot arms with the diverse elements of nature. These
considerations include sustainable integration, balancing technological advancement with environmental
preservation, ethical considerations, adaptability to dynamic environments, and ensuring
safety in diverse settings. Addressing these aspects is essential for the harmonious and
effective deployment of robotic arms in outdoor environments.
Potential of endophytic bacteria from Kailan plant roots in suppressing the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.)
Authors:   Sustainable Agricultural Extension Study Program, Bogor Agricultural Development Polytechnic, Bogor, Indonesia, Hartono Rudi , Wati Cheppy ,   Horticulture Agribusiness Study Program, Bogor Agricultural Development Polytechnic, Bogor, Indonesia, Purboningtyas Titis Pury ,   Sustainable Agricultural Extension Study Program, Bogor Agricultural Development Polytechnic, Bogor, Indonesia, Amirrullah Johanes ,   South Sumatra Agricultural Instrument Standards Implementation Center, Palembang, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

The use of biological agents, such as endophytic bacteria, provides an environmentally friendly and safe method for controlling diseases caused by fungi. Sclerotium rolfsii (Sacc.), a fungus, causes damping-off disease in various horticultural plants, including chili plants. This study aimed to use endophytic bacteria from the roots of Kailan plants to suppress the growth of S. rolfsii. The research involved 1) isolating endophytic bacteria, 2) testing for biosafety, 3) propagating S. rolfsii, and 4) testing the antagonistic effects of the endophytic bacteria. The study found 36 isolates of endophytic bacteria. Bacterial colonies isolated from Kailan roots showed diversity in color and shape, with growth rates observed 48 hours post-isolation. Three isolates tested positive for hemolysis, and six isolates were hypersensitive. The antagonism test indicated that isolates grown on Tryptic soy agar (TSA) media demonstrated greater inhibitory effects on S. rolfsii than those on Potato dextrose agar (PDA) media, with a clearer inhibition zone appearing each day. In total, six isolates of endophytic bacteria from Kailan roots inhibited the growth of S. rolfsii.
Development and implementation of a birth forecasting tool to optimize resources in obstetrical care during the COVID-19 pandemic: Mixed Method Study (Preprint)
Authors: Joosse Huibert-Jan , Jongsma Karin , Moes Marcel , Bloemenkamp Kitty W , Tiel Groenestege Wouter M , van Solinge Wouter W , Haitjema Saskia , Kok Maarten B
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Medical resource allocation is important to ensure availability of care, also in challenging circumstances as a pandemic. In fields of unpredictable care demand such as obstetrics, forecasting may help manage scarce resources.

OBJECTIVE

The development, validation, and implemention a regional birth forecasting tool to support obstetrical staff planning in the Utrecht region during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

We combined predicted birth dates retrieved from Saltro, a large regional primary care laboratory, with data from the Dutch national perinatal registry (Perined) and Statistics Netherlands for model development. We created and implemented an html-tool visualising these forecasts, which were discussed during the regional acute obstetric health care network meetings. Six months after implementation we assessed the impact of the tool using an evaluative stakeholder meeting.

RESULTS

We achieved a performance accuracy (R2) of 0.45, 0.61 and 0.67 (all actual number of births within 95% CI) forecasting the number of births in the region, pooled in one- two and three-weekly bins respectively. After presenting these findings to stakeholders, we implemented a forecasting tool using the two-weekly bin model. The evaluative stakeholder meeting proved that the tool improved communication, awareness of health care need, and collaborations among health care providers in the Utrecht region. Additionally, stakeholders identified additional applications, such as communication with patients, and training of obstetric healthcare providers.

CONCLUSIONS

Implementation of a forecasting tool for number of births based on available data across the healthcare system added value to obstetrical care by providing insight into care demand, and increasing communication, awareness and collaboration between health care providers. Further research should aim at improving regional obstetric acute care by fostering data sharing, in order to improve health care demand forecasts.
Administrative Law Regulation of Cross-border Data Flows: A Case Study of Critical Technology Sectors
Authors: Liu Tianran
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the administrative law framework governing cross-border data flows in critical technology sectors, with particular emphasis on national security considerations and regulatory mechanisms. Through comparative analysis of various jurisdictions’ approaches to data sovereignty and critical infrastructure protection, this study explores the balance between technological innovation and national security interests in the digital age.
A Comparative Critical Analysis of the Financial Remedies for Cohabiting Couples upon Relationship Breakdown in Scotland and Germany
Authors: Lusznat Leonard
Published: December 2024

In light of the Report on Cohabitation of the Scottish Law Commission from 2022, the article assesses which financial remedies are across jurisdictions most appropriate for cohabiting couples upon relationship breakdown and comparatively analyses the existing ones in both Scotland and Germany. The author argues that the best way to balance the protection of the more vulnerable party with private autonomy is by providing a default statutory regime, from which the partners are able to contract out subject to formal and substantial requirements. Even if the financial remedies have to be determined for each jurisdiction independently, two general principles apply, nevertheless; that is, they should not have stronger legal effects than those for marriage and should be compatible with the structure of each legal system. In relation to Scotland and Germany, the article advocates expanding the protection of the more vulnerable partner: German law should introduce maintenance obligations where one partner suffers economic disadvantages or financial hardships, even if they are not related to cohabitation. Scots law should reform its financial remedy not only to extend the available court orders and the considerations on which they are based but also to prolong the time limit to apply for it.
Quantum Circuits for partial differential equations via Schrödingerisation
Authors: Hu Junpeng , Jin Shi , Liu Nana , Zhang Lei
Published: December 2024

Quantum computing has emerged as a promising avenue for achieving significant speedup, particularly in large-scale PDE simulations, compared to classical computing. One of the main quantum approaches involves utilizing Hamiltonian simulation, which is directly applicable only to Schrödinger-type equations. To address this limitation, Schrödingerisation techniques have been developed, employing the warped transformation to convert general linear PDEs into Schrödinger-type equations. However, despite the development of Schrödingerisation techniques, the explicit implementation of the corresponding quantum circuit for solving general PDEs remains to be designed. In this paper, we present detailed implementation of a quantum algorithm for general PDEs using Schrödingerisation techniques. We provide examples of the heat equation, and the advection equation approximated by the upwind scheme, to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. Complexity analysis is also carried out to demonstrate the quantum advantages of these algorithms in high dimensions over their classical counterparts.
Quantum Energy Teleportation versus Information Teleportation
Authors: Wang Jinzhao , Yao Shunyu
Published: December 2024

Quantum energy teleportation (QET) is the phenomenon in which locally inaccessible energy is activated as extractable work through collaborative local operations and classical communication (LOCC) with an entangled partner. It closely resembles the more well-known quantum information teleportation (QIT) where quantum information can be sent through an entangled pair with LOCC. It is tempting to ask how QET is related to QIT. Here we report a first study of this connection. Despite the apparent similarity, we show that these two phenomena are not only distinct but moreover are mutually competitive. We show a perturbative trade-off relation between their performance in a thermal entangled chaotic many-body system, in which both QET and QIT are simultaneously implemented through a traversable wormhole in an emergent spacetime. Motivated by this example, we study a generic setup of two entangled qudits and prove a universal non-perturbative trade-off bound. It shows that for any teleportation protocol, the overall performance of QET and QIT together is constrained by the entanglement resource. We discuss some explanations of our results.
“Vai mēs spēsim būt ticami?” Modris Plāte – pārmaiņu vizionārs luterāņu baznīcā un sabiedrībā Latvijā 20. gadsimta 80. gados
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Rozentāls Linards
Published: December 2024

Pētījumā analizēta ticamības krīze Latvijas Evaņģēliski luteriskajā baznīcā vēlīnā sociālisma periodā un mācītāja Modra Plātes un viņa amatbrāļu iedvesmotās mācītāju kustības “Atdzimšana un atjaunošanās” ierosinātie transformatīvie procesi baznīcā un sabiedrībā. Kustības aktivitātes, kas bija daļa no 1975. gada Eiropas Drošības un sadarbības konferences Helsinku Noslēguma akta pieņemšanas izraisītās pilsoniskās kustības sociālistiskā bloka valstīs, iesaistīja baznīcu Trešajā Atmodā un veicināja ilgtspējīgas pārmaiņas padomju okupācijas režīma domāšanas paradigmas deformētā sabiedrībā un indivīdā.
DESMISTIFICANDO OS TRIBUTOS COMO CAUSA DO ENDIVIDAMENTO: EVIDÊNCIAS EMPÍRICAS DE EMPRESAS LISTADAS NA B3
Authors: Fabris Crislainy , Silva Mayane Moura , Marques Vagner Antônio , Pain Patrícia , Araújo Maurílio Arruda de
Published: December 2024

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a associação entre a carga tributária e o nível de endividamento das empresas brasileiras. Foram utilizados dados anuais de 270 empresas não financeiras listadas na B3, no período de 2010 a 2019. A análise incluiu estatística descritiva, teste de diferença entre as médias, análise de correlação e independência, além de regressão com dados em painel. Os resultados revelaram uma associação positiva e significativa entre a carga tributária e o nível de endividamento geral das empresas. Adicionalmente, empresas com maior carga tributária tendem a ter uma proporção maior de dívidas tributárias. No entanto, o aumento da carga tributária não foi identificado como fator associado tanto ao endividamento geral quanto ao endividamento tributário. Esses achados têm implicações para gestores, profissionais da área tributária, credores e reguladores, evidenciando que os efeitos da tributação variam de acordo com os diferentes tipos de endividamento, e que sua variação não impacta significativamente, no curto prazo, os níveis de endividamento das empresas.
Barriers and trust: Perceptions of the healthcare system among Roma mothers in Serbia
Authors: Pantovic Ljiljana , Djordjevic Ivan
Published: December 2024

This research aims to deepen the understanding of the barriers and challenges
faced by Roma parents, particularly mothers, in accessing pediatric services
in Serbia. The study found that distrust in the healthcare system, alongside
cultural norms favoring traditional knowledge over medical advice, are key
factors influencing Roma mothers? healthcare decisions for their children.
While pediatric services are generally perceived positively, significant
infrastructural obstacles, especially in rural areas, hinder access to
healthcare facilities. Special attention is given to the role of trust
between healthcare workers and Roma mothers, with pediatricians often seen
as crucial allies in safeguarding children?s health. The research highlights
the need for improved communication and cultural sensitivity when working
with the Roma community to foster greater trust in the healthcare system and
enhance health outcomes for Roma families. Additionally, it underscores the
importance of addressing structural inequalities that contribute to negative
experiences.