bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Researching the Assemblage of Cultural Diversity in Norway
Authors: Andersen Camilla Eline , Otterstad Ann Merete
Published: April 2014

This article's point of departure is practicing an(other) methodology than those that are dominant within educational research in Norway. Dominant research can ‘rely on the authority and normativity of methods to produce knowledge devoid of critical reflection and contextual consideration’ (Koro-Ljungberg & Mazzei, 2012, p. 728). Koro-Lungberg (2012) calls this the politics of simplification (p. 809), which is powerful through its control of qualitative research. The authors try to poke holes in this scheme of representation regarding cultural diversity by installing themselves in agentic realist positions with a piece of data – a snapshot of an Internet Web page. To think otherwise about cultural diversity, the authors ‘thinkfeel’ (Lenz Taguchi & Palmer, in press) and are on the ‘lookout’ (Boutang, 2011) for events and transformative moments (Deleuze & Guattari, 1987) around the folding of the assemblage of cultural diversity in Norway. Inspired by Lather (2012), we try ‘to live’ the data in new ways.
Prevalence of nursing diagnoses of breastfeeding in the mother-infant dyad in basic health unit
Authors: Carvalho Ocilia Maria Costa , Silva Karolina Rodrigues , Andrade Lívia Zulmyra Cintra , Silva Viviane Martins da , Lopes Marcos Venícios De Oliveira
Published: April 2014

A cross-sectional study conducted with 28 mother-infant dyads, users of a Family Health Center of Fortaleza-CE, Brazil, that aimed to identify the nursing diagnoses of breastfeeding, their frequency of occurrence, defining characteristics, and the value of maternal confidence based on the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale. Data collection happened during September and October 2010, using interviews, anamnesis, and physical examination of the dyad. The most prevalent diagnosis was Effective breastfeeding (50%). The breastfeeding self-efficacy scale revealed significance in the presence of the nursing diagnoses Effective breastfeeding and the absence of Interrupted breastfeeding. Although the diagnosis Effective breastfeeding presented a significant occurrence, we verified the need for effective actions of nurses in the breastfeeding process.
Antenatal corticosteroids alter insulin signaling pathways in fetal baboon skeletal muscle
Authors: Blanco Cynthia L , Moreira Alvaro G , McGill-Vargas Lisa L , Anzueto Diana G , Nathanielsz Peter , Musi Nicolas
Published: April 2014

We hypothesize that prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids (GCs) negatively alters the insulin signal transduction pathway and has differing effects on the fetus according to gestational age (GA) at exposure. Twenty-three fetal baboons were delivered from 23 healthy, nondiabetic mothers. Twelve preterm (0.67 GA) and 11 near-term (0.95 GA) baboons were killed immediately after delivery. Half of the pregnant baboons at each gestation received two doses of i.m. betamethasone 24 h apart (170 μg/kg) before delivery, while the other half received no intervention. Vastus lateralis muscle was obtained from postnatal animals to measure the protein content and gene expression of insulin receptor β (IRβ; INSR), IRβ Tyr 1361 phosphorylation (pIRβ), IR substrate 1 (IRS1), IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation (pIRS1), p85 subunit of PI3-kinase, AKT (protein kinase B), phospho-AKT Ser473 (pAKT), AKT1, AKT2, and glucose transporters (GLUT1 and GLUT4). Skeletal muscle from preterm baboons exposed to GCs had markedly reduced protein content of AKT and AKT1 (respectively, 73 and 72% from 0.67 GA control,P<0.001); IRβ and pIRβ were also decreased (respectively, 94 and 85%,P<0.01) in the muscle of premature GC-exposed fetuses but not in term fetuses. GLUT1 and GLUT4 tended to increase with GC exposure in preterm animals (P=0.09), while GLUT4 increased sixfold in term animals after exposure to GC (P<0.05). In conclusion, exposure to a single course of antenatal GCs during fetal life alters the insulin signaling pathway in fetal muscle in a manner dependent on the stage of gestation.
Vitamin D supply of patients with hip fracture
Authors: Salamon Antal , Hepp Balázs , Mátrai Ákos , Biró Csaba , Ágota Katalin , Fata Emőke , Lőcsei Zoltán , Toldy Erzsébet
Published: April 2014

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency is an important risk factor for fractures. However, there are few data available only on the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and recovery after surgery for hip fracture. Aim: The authors investigate the vitamin D supply of patients with hip fractures. Method: Between February and September 2013, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels were determined in 203 patients with hip fracture (74.8±11.5 ys; 67 men and 136 women) and in 74 control subjects. Results: Vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism occurred significantly more frequently in patients with hip fracture than in control subjects (72% vs. 45%, and 33% vs. 17%, respectively). Patients with better condition after surgery showed higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (p<0.001) than those with poor condition. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D were lower in the 31 patients who died [median of survival time: 19 (5–52) days] compared to those who survived [22.6 (9.5–45.0) vs. 33.0 (16.5–56.6) nmol/l]. Conclusions: The association between vitamin-D deficiency and mortality as well as the positive correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and better postoperative condition confirm the importance of proper vitamin D supply in the prevention and cure of hip fractures, what is more in the increase of the chance of survival. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(17), 659–668.
Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia – a single center experience (2007–2013)
Authors: Selmeczi Anna , Udvardy Miklós , Illés Árpád , Telek Béla , Kiss Attila , Batár Péter , Reményi Gyula , Szász Róbert , Ujj Zsófia , Márton Adrienn , Újfalusi Anikó , Hevessy Zsuzsanna , Pinczés László , Bedekovics Judit , Rejtő László
Published: April 2014

Introduction: Mortality of acute myeloid leukemia is still 60–70% in young (<60 years) adults and 90% in elderly (≥60 years) patients. Aim: The aim of the authors was to analyse the outcome of treatment in their patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Method: From 2007 to 2013, 173 patients with acute myeloid leukemia were treated. Patients were classified according to the European LeukemiaNet prognostic guideline. Association between mortality and the type of acute myeloid leukemia (secundary or primary), dose of daunoblastin at induction of treatment, and the rate of minimal residual disease were investigated. Results: The 5-year survival probability was 25% in young adults and 2% in the elderly. The survival was significantly influenced by these prognostic factors. The 5-year survival rate was 50% in the young, favorable prognostic group. The 90 mg/m2daunoblastin dose was found to be beneficial. Addition of bortezomib to the standard induction protocol had an additional beneficial effect. Conclusions: The speed and depth of the response to induction therapy, and the initial white blood cell count had an apparent effect on survival. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(17), 653–658.
Lipid-lowering therapy and patient adherence in the MULTI GAP 2013 trial
Authors: Simonyi Gábor
Published: April 2014

Introduction: Dyslipidemia is a well-known cardiovascular risk factor. To achieve lipid targets patient adherence is a particularly important issue. Aim: To assess adherence and persistence to statin therapy in patients with atherosclerotic disease who participated in the MULTI Goal Attainment Problem 2013 (MULTI GAP 2013) study. Patient adherence was assessed using estimation by the physicians in charge and analysis of pick up rate of prescribed statins in 319 patients based on data of National Health Insurance Fund Administration of Hungary. Method: In the MULTI GAP 2013 study, data from standard and structured questionnaires of 1519 patients were processed. Serum lipid values of patients treated by different healthcare professionals (general practitioners, cardiologists, diabetologists, neurologists, and internists), treatment adherence of patients assessed by doctors and treatment adherence based on data of National Health Insurance Fund Administration of Hungary were analysed. Satisfaction of doctors with results of statin therapy and the relationship between the level of adherence and serum lipid values were also evaluated. Results: Considering the last seven years of survey data, the use of more effective statins became more prevalent with an about 70% increase of prescriptions of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin from 49% to 83%. Patients with LDL-cholesterol level below 2.5 mmol/l had 8 prescriptions per year. In contrast, patients who had LDL-cholesterol levels above 2.5 mmol/l had only 5.3–6.3 prescriptions per year. Patients who picked up their statins 10–12 or 7–9 times per year had significantly lower LDL-cholesterol level than those who had no or 1–3 pick up. The 100% persistence assessed by doctors was significantly lower (74%) based on data from the National Health Insurance Fund Administration of Hungary. About half of the patients were considered to display 100% adherence to lipid-lowering therapy by their doctors, while data from the National Health Insurance Fund Administration of Hungary showed only 36%. In patients with better adherence (90–100%) LDL-cholesterol levels below 2.5 mmol/l were more frequent (59.5%) compared to those with worse adherence. Satisfaction of doctors with lipid targets achieved was 69–80% in patients with total cholesterol between 4.5 and 6 mmol/l, and satisfaction with higher cholesterol values was also high (53–54%). Conclusions: The results show that doctors may overestimate patient adherence to lipid-lowering treatment. Based on data from the National Health Insurance Fund Administration of Hungary, satisfaction of doctors with high lipid level appears to be high. There is a need to optimize not only patient adherence, but adherence of doctors to lipid guidelines too.
Seasonal, daily activity, and habitat use by three sympatric pit vipers (Serpentes, Viperidae) from southern Brazil
Authors: ROCHA MARCELO C. , HARTMANN PAULO A. , WINCK GISELE R. , CECHIN SONIA Z.
Published: April 2014

Viperid snakes are widely distributed in the South America and the greater distribution range of the family is found at the Crotalinae subfamily. Despite the abundance of this snakes along their geographic distribution, some ecological aspects remain unknown, principally at subtropical areas. In the present study, we evaluated the activity (daily and seasonal) and the use of the habitat by Bothrops diporus, B. jararaca andB. jararacussu, in an Atlantic Forest area at southern Brazil. We observed higher incidence of viperid snakes during the months with higher temperatures, while no snakes were found during the months with lower temperatures. The data suggest the minimum temperature as environmental variable with the greatest influence on the seasonal activity of this species. Considering the daily activity, we observed a tendency of snakes to avoid the warmest hours. Bothrops jararacussu tend to avoid open areas, being registered only inside and at the edges of the forest. We compared our results with previous studies realized at tropical areas and we suggest the observed seasonal activity as an evolutive response, despite the influence of the different environmental variables, according to the occurence region.
Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant capacity ofTabernaemontana catharinensis A. DC. Fruits and branches
Authors: PIANA MARIANA , BOLIGON ALINE A. , BRUM THIELE F. DE , ZADRA MARINA , BELKE BIANCA V. , FROEDER AMANDA L.F. , FROHLICH JANAÍNA K. , NUNES LETÍCIA T. , PAPPIS LAUREN , BOLIGON ALEXANDRA A. , ATHAYDE MARGARETH L.
Published: April 2014

The antioxidant capacity of the crude extract and fractions ofTabernaemontana catharinensis fruits and branches, was evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and the content of polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and condensed tannins were determined by the spectrophotometric method. The ethyl acetate fraction of the fruits and the n-butanol fraction of the branches showed IC50 of 181.82 µg/mL and 78.19 µg/mL, respectively. All fractions were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), in the branches were quantified chlorogenic acid in the chloroform (8.96 mg/g), ethyl acetate (4.31 mg/g) and n-butanol (3.33 mg/g) fractions; caffeic acid in the ethyl acetate (5.24 mg/g) and n-butanol (1.81 mg/g); gallic acid (0.52 mg/g) in the n-butanol. In the fruits, chlorogenic acid in the chloroform (1.67 mg/g); rutin in the ethyl acetate (3.45 mg/g) and n-butanol (8.98 mg/g) fractions. The present study showed that these quantified compounds can contribute to antioxidant capacity which was higher in the branches than in the fruits.
Incidence of deep vein thrombosis and quality of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis
Authors: Okuhara Alberto , Navarro Túlio Pinho , Procópio Ricardo Jayme , Bernardes Rodrigo De Castro , Oliveira Leonardo De Campos Correa , Nishiyama Mariana Paschoaleti
Published: April 2014

OBJECTIVE: to determine the incidence of deep vein thrombosis and prophylaxis quality in hospitalized patients undergoing vascular and orthopedic surgical procedures. METHODS: we evaluated 296 patients, whose incidence of deep venous thrombosis was studied by vascular ultrasonography. Risk factors for venous thrombosis were stratified according the Caprini model. To assess the quality of prophylaxis we compared the adopted measures with the prophylaxis guidelines of the American College of Chest Physicians. RESULTS: the overall incidence of deep venous thrombosis was 7.5%. As for the risk groups, 10.8% were considered low risk, 14.9%moderate risk, 24.3% high risk and 50.5% very high risk. Prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis was correct in 57.7%. In groups of high and very high risk, adequate prophylaxis rates were 72.2% and 71.6%, respectively. Excessive use of chemoprophylaxis was seen in 68.7% and 61.4% in the low and moderate-risk groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: although most patients are deemed to be at high and very high risk for deep vein thrombosis, deficiency in the application of prophylaxis persists in medical practice.
Percutaneous core biopsy of palpable breast lesions: accuracy of frozen section histopathological exam in the diagnosis of breast cancer
Authors: Santos Roberto Luiz Carvalhosa Dos , Lasmar Ricardo Bassil , Fontes Tereza Maria Pereira , Fonseca Rachel De Carvalho Silveira De Paula , Saldanha Paula De Azevedo Brant , Santos Roberto Faria Carvalhosa Dos
Published: April 2014

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the accuracy of frozen section histopathology from fragments of tissue obtained by percutaneous core needle biopsy of palpable tumors in the diagnosis of breast cancer. METHODS: a cohort study was performed on 57 patients with palpable tumors and suspected breast cancer undergoing percutaneous thick needle core biopsy. The fragments were analyzed by the same pathologist. RESULTS: frozen section diagnosed 16 benign cases (28.6%) and 40 malignant (71.4%), whereas paraffin showed that 15 were benign (26.8%) and 41 malignant (73.2%). Histopathological examinations were concordant in 55 cases and there was one false-negative (6.2%). Statistics rates were: negative predictive value of 93.8%, positive predictive value of 100%, no false-positive (0%), one false negative (6.2%), specificity of 100%, sensitivity of 97 6%; observed agreement = 98.2%; expected agreement = 59.9%, Kappa = 0.955 [ 95% CI = 0.925-0.974, p < 0.01 ]. CONCLUSIONS: frozen section histopathological findings showed excellent correlation with the findings by the technique in paraffin in the fragments of palpable breast tumors obtained by thick needle percutaneous core biopsy (98.2% accuracy). Therefore, in these patients, it was possible to anticipate the diagnosis, staging and the breast cancer treatment planning.
Immunohistochemical evaluation of fibrillar components of the extracellular matrix of transversalis fascia and anterior abdominal rectus sheath in men with inguinal hernia
Authors: Gonçalves Rogério De Oliveira , De Moraes e Silva Evandro , Lopes Filho Gaspar De Jesus
Published: April 2014

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the role of fibrillar extracellular matrix components in the pathogenesis of inguinal hernias. METHODS: samples of the transverse fascia and of the anterior sheath of the rectus abdominis muscle were collected from 40 men aged between 20 and 60 years with type II and IIIA Nyhus inguinal hernia and from 10 fresh male cadavers (controls) without hernia in the same age range. The staining technique was immunohistochemistry for collagen I, collagen III and elastic fibers; quantification of fibrillar components was performed with an image analysis processing software. RESULTS: no statistically significant differences were found in the amount of elastic fibers, collagen I and collagen III, and the ratio of collagen I / III among patients with inguinal hernia when compared with subjects without hernia. CONCLUSION: the amount of fibrillar extracellular matrix components did not change in patients with and without inguinal hernia.
Arthroscopic treatment of refractory adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder
Authors: Fernandes Marcos Rassi
Published: April 2014

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the results of arthroscopic treatment of refractory adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder associated as for improved range of motion after a minimum follow up of six years. METHODS: from August 2002 to December 2004, ten patients with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder resistant to conservative treatment underwent arthroscopic surgery. One interscalene catheter was placed for postoperative analgesia before the procedure. All were in Phase II, with a minimum follow up of two years. The mean age was 52.9 years (39-66), predominantly female (90%), six on the left shoulder. The time between onset of symptoms and surgical treatment ranged from six to 20 months. Four adhesive capsulitis were found to be primary (40%) and six secondary (60%). RESULTS: the preoperative mean of active anterior elevation was 92°, of external rotation was 10.5° of the L5 level internal rotation; the postoperative ones were 149°, 40° and T12 level, respectively. Therefore, the average gain was 57° for the anterior elevation, 29.5° for external rotation in six spinous processes. There was a significant difference in movements' gains between the pre and post-operative periods (p<0.001). By the Constant Score (range of motion), there was an increase of 13.8 (average pre) to 32 points (average post). CONCLUSION: the arthroscopic treatment proved effective in refractory adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder resistant to conservative treatment, improving the range of joint movements of patients evaluated after a minimum follow up of six years.
Prevalence of radiographic markers of femoroacetabular impingement in asymptomatic adults
Authors: Scheidt Rodrigo Benedet , Galia Carlos Roberto , Diesel Cristiano Valter , Rosito Ricardo , Macedo Carlos Alberto De Souza
Published: April 2014

OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence of radiographic signs of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) in asymptomatic adults and correlate them with data from physical examinations. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 82 asymptomatic volunteers, 164 hips, between 40 and 60 years of age, selected by convenience. They were submitted to anamnesis and clinical examination of the hip, anteroposterior (AP) pelvis radiographs with three incidences, Dunn 45° and Lequesne false profile of each hip, to measure the variables. We measured the alpha angle, anterior offset of the femoral neck, cervical diaphyseal angle, CE angle of Wiberg, acetabular index, Sharp angle, and the crossing, ischial spine and posterior wall signs. RESULTS: our sample consisted of 66% women, mean age of 50.4 years. The average alpha angle was 45.10°, SD=8.6. One quarter of the hips showed alpha angle greater than or equal to 50°; among men the prevalence was 34%, and among women, 11%. We found indicative radiographic signs of femoroacetabular impingement in 42.6% of hips, whether femoral or acetabular, and the increased alpha angle was related to the decrease in hip internal rotation (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: the radiographic findings of femoroacetabular impingement in asymptomatic patients were frequent in the studied sample. The increase in alpha angle was associated with decreased internal rotation.
Does a previous surgical experience interfere on psychic stress in patients submitted to major surgery?
Authors: Alberti Luiz Ronaldo , Daian Márcia Rodrigues , Petroianu Andy
Published: April 2014

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the impact of stress in patients undergoing major surgeries under general anesthesia, relating their physical and psychic reactions to the different stages of stress. METHODS: we studied 100 adult patients of both genders, who were divided into two groups: Group 1 - 22 patients without experience with surgery; Group 2 - 78 patients previously submitted to medium and major surgery. To investigate the stress, we used the Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults, developed by Lipp, the day before the procedure and two days and seven days after the operation. The comparison of groups with respect to gender, pain, and percentage of stress were performed using the Chi-square test, and for the age variable the Student's t test was used. Differences were considered significant at p<0.05. RESULTS: the groups were not homogeneous as for the overall percentage of stress on the three measurements. G1 had decreased postoperative stress, whilst in G2 it increased. Psychological symptoms of stress prevailed in both groups. CONCLUSION: previous surgery reduced preoperative stress but did not affect postoperative emotional disorders.
Management of stab wounds to the anterior abdominal wall
Authors: Rezende-Neto João Baptista , Vieira Jr. Hélio Machado , Rodrigues Bruno De Lima , Rizoli Sandro , Nascimento Barto , Fraga Gustavo Pereira
Published: April 2014

The meeting of the Publication "Evidence Based Telemedicine - Trauma and Emergency Surgery" (TBE-CiTE), through literature review, selected three recent articles on the treatment of victims stab wounds to the abdominal wall. The first study looked at the role of computed tomography (CT) in the treatment of patients with stab wounds to the abdominal wall. The second examined the use of laparoscopy over serial physical examinations to evaluate patients in need of laparotomy. The third did a review of surgical exploration of the abdominal wound, use of diagnostic peritoneal lavage and CT for the early identification of significant lesions and the best time for intervention. There was consensus to laparotomy in the presence of hemodynamic instability or signs of peritonitis, or evisceration. The wound should be explored under local anesthesia and if there is no injury to the aponeurosis the patient can be discharged. In the presence of penetration into the abdominal cavity, serial abdominal examinations are safe without CT. Laparoscopy is well indicated when there is doubt about any intracavitary lesion, in centers experienced in this method.
Phytosociological variability of weeds in soybean field
Authors: Santi A.L. , Bona S.D. , Lamego F.P. , Basso C.J. , Eitelwein M.T. , Cherubin M.R. , Kaspary T.E. , Ruchel Q. , Gallon M.
Published: April 2014

Understanding spatial distribution of weeds in the crop enables to perform localized herbicide applications, increasing the technical and economic efficiency of operations and reducing environmental impacts. This work aimed to characterize the spatial and phytosociological variability of weeds occurring in soybean commercial field. It was conducted in an agricultural area located at the municipality of Boa Vista das Missões - RS, during the 2010/2011 harvest season. The area, that had been managed under no-tillage with soybean monoculture (summer) for five years, was divided in regular squares of 50 x 50 m (0.25 ha), totalizing 356 points. For species identification, 0.5 x 0.5 m sample squares were used. During the survey, 1,739 individuals were identified, distributed in 19 species of 13 families. The weed species Cardiospermum halicacabum, Digitaria horizontalis, Urochloa plantaginea and Raphanus raphanistrum showed the highest population variation in the area; however, only C. halicacabum, U. plantaginea and R. raphanistrum stood out based on the Importance Index Value (IVI). Localized management strategies considering the spatial variability of weed species placed in the Magnoliopsidas and Liliopsidas group show a high potential for use in soybean crop. The results show that the sampling method through regular grid was capable of characterizing the occurrence, population density and spatial variability of weed species in soybean crop.
Weed control in corn and weed sample size for growth evaluations
Authors: Tavella L.B. , Silva P.S.L. , Oliveira V.R. , Fernandes P.L.O. , Sousa R.P.
Published: April 2014

The objectives of this study were to evaluate baby corn yield, green corn yield, and grain yield in corn cultivar BM 3061, with weed control achieved via a combination of hoeing and intercropping with gliricidia, and determine how sample size influences weed growth evaluation accuracy. A randomized block design with ten replicates was used. The cultivar was submitted to the following treatments: A = hoeings at 20 and 40 days after corn sowing (DACS), B = hoeing at 20 DACS + gliricidia sowing after hoeing, C = gliricidia sowing together with corn sowing + hoeing at 40 DACS, D = gliricidia sowing together with corn sowing, and E = no hoeing. Gliricidia was sown at a density of 30 viable seeds m-2. After harvesting the mature ears, the area of each plot was divided into eight sampling units measuring 1.2 m² each to evaluate weed growth (above-ground dry biomass). Treatment A provided the highest baby corn, green corn, and grain yields. Treatment B did not differ from treatment A with respect to the yield values for the three products, and was equivalent to treatment C for green corn yield, but was superior to C with regard to baby corn weight and grain yield. Treatments D and E provided similar yields and were inferior to the other treatments. Therefore, treatment B is a promising one. The relation between coefficient of experimental variation (CV) and sample size (S) to evaluate growth of the above-ground part of the weeds was given by the equation CV = 37.57 S-0.15, i.e., CV decreased as S increased. The optimal sample size indicated by this equation was 4.3 m².
Growth and development of honey weed based on days or thermal units
Authors: Silva A.P.P. , Marques B.S. , Lima R.S.O. , Machado E.C.R. , Gonçalves M.F. , Carvalho S.J.P.
Published: April 2014

This work was carried out with the objective of evaluating the growth and development of honey weed (Leonurus sibiricus) based on days or thermal units (growing degree days). Thus, two independent trials were developed to quantify the phenological development and total dry mass accumulation in increasing or decreasing photoperiod conditions. Considering only one growing season, honey weed phenological development was perfectly fit to day scale or growing degree days, but with no equivalence between seasons, with the plants developing faster at increasing photoperiods, and flowering 100 days after seeding. Even day-time scale or thermal units were not able to estimate general honey weed phenology during the different seasons of the year. In any growing condition, honey weed plants were able to accumulate a total dry mass of over 50 g per plant. Dry mass accumulation was adequately fit to the growing degree days, with highlights to a base temperature of 10 ºC. Therefore, a higher environmental influence on species phenology and a lower environmental influence on growth (dry mass) were observed, showing thereby that other variables, such as the photoperiod, may potentially complement the mathematical models.
Estudo comparativo do acúmulo de massa seca e macronutrientes por plantas de Zea mays e Ipomoea hederifolia
Authors: Carvalho L.B. , Bianco S. , Bianco M.S.
Published: April 2014

Foram realizados dois experimentos em casa de vegetação com o objetivo de estudar o acúmulo e a distribuição de massa seca e macronutrientes em milho e Ipomoea hederifolia. Plantas das duas espécies foram cultivadas, separadamente, em vasos com substrato de areia e irrigação com solução nutritiva. Os tratamentos foram representados pelas épocas de amostragem, realizada a intervalos de 14 dias, iniciando 21 dias após a emergência (DAE). Uma planta de milho apresentou crescimento lento até 30 DAE, quando a alocação de massa seca foi maior em raízes e folhas (80%), e uma planta de I. hederifolia, até 50 DAE, quando a alocação de massa seca foi maior em ramos e folhas (79%). O acúmulo máximo de massa seca foi quase cinco vezes maior em milho (134 g por planta) comparado a I. hederifolia (29 g por planta). Em média, os teores de N e K foram maiores em plantas de I. hederifolia. Os acúmulos máximos de macronutrientes pelo milho foram de 1.431, 474, 1.832, 594, 340 e 143 mg por planta, e por I. hederifolia, de 727, 52, 810, 350, 148 e 65 mg por planta, para N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S, respectivamente. A taxa de acúmulo médio diário de massa seca e macronutrientes pelas plantas de milho foi crescente até 87 DAE, atingindo o máximo aos 103 DAE, enquanto para as plantas de I. hederifolia foi crescente até 121 DAE, atingindo o máximo aos 138 DAE. Assim, além da interferência na colheita, uma população de I. hederifolia também pode competir por nutrientes com a cultura do milho.
Métodos de controle de plantas daninhas e desrama precoce no crescimento do eucalipto em sistema silvipastoril
Authors: Machado M.S. , Ferreira L.R. , Oliveira Neto S.N. , Ferreira G.L. , Fontes D.R. , Machado A.F.L.
Published: April 2014

Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar os efeitos da capina química e mecânica e da desrama precoce sobre o crescimento do eucalipto em sistema silvipastoril, composto por Eucalyptus saligna (9 x 3 m) e Brachiaria brizantha. Os tratamentos constaram de um fatorial 5 x 2, sendo cinco níveis de desrama (0, 10, 20, 30 e 40% da altura de copa viva do eucalipto) e dois tipos de coroamento: capina mecânica e química. Foram avaliados o ganho em altura, diâmetro ao nível do solo e volume de copa aos 90, 180, 270 e 360 dias após aplicação dos tratamentos (DAA). Aos 640 DAA, avaliou-se o crescimento em diâmetro e altura, bem como a matéria seca do tronco. Diferenças significativas não foram observadas nos parâmetros avaliados em função dos métodos de capina, porém houve efeito para a intensidade de desrama e época de avaliação. Em todas as épocas avaliadas, o aumento no nível de desrama proporcionou redução no crescimento das plantas. Aos 90 DAA, plantas com 40% de desrama apresentaram redução no crescimento em altura de 69% e de 87% para diâmetro, em relação às plantas não desramadas; aos 360 DAA, essa diferença caiu para 21,8 e 22,8% para altura e diâmetro, respectivamente. Aos 640 DAA, observaram-se indicativos de recuperação das plantas desramadas; entretanto, ainda foram verificados efeitos negativos da intensidade de desrama sobre o crescimento do eucalipto. Conclui-se que o tipo de capina não influenciou o crescimento inicial do eucalipto e que a desrama precoce facilita a aplicação de glyphosate, porém causa redução no crescimento das plantas.
Análise do perfil eletroforético de proteínas citoplasmáticas para verificação do processo de desintoxicação do herbicida mesotrione em plantas de Zea mays
Authors: Ogliari J. , Freitas S.P. , Evaristo J.A.E. , Gomes S.A. , Okorokova Façanha A.L. , Retamal C.A. , Façanha A.R.
Published: April 2014

As plantas tolerantes a herbicidas apresentam rotas bioquímicas eficientes na desintoxicação dessas moléculas no interior da célula, e muitas enzimas citoplasmáticas participam desse processo. No presente trabalho, o perfil eletroforético de proteínas citoplasmáticas foi avaliado em folhas, caules e raízes de plantas de milho, durante o processo de desintoxicação, após tratamento com o herbicida mesotrione. Aos 15 dias após o plantio, foram aplicados 192 gramas por hectare (g ha-1) do mesotrione, em pós-emergência; três e sete dias após a aplicação (DAA), foram coletados os tecidos para a realização de fracionamento celular e isolamento das proteínas solúveis do citoplasma. A atividade fotossintética foi analisada como marcador fisiológico do nível de fitointoxicação em diferentes estádios (1, 2, 3, 5 e 7 DAA). Enquanto a fotossíntese foi inibida nos primeiros 3 DAA, não se observou alteração significativa a partir do quinto dia. Medidas biométricas foram realizadas aos 7 DAA, não apresentando diferenças significativas. A análise dos perfis eletroforéticos das proteínas citoplasmáticas indicou maior expressão proteica em regiões de baixa massa molecular (~ de 21 a 65 kDa) nos tecidos de folhas e caules aos 3 DAA do mesotrione. Contudo, aos sete dias observou-se recuperação de perfis semelhantes aos tecidos de plantas não tratadas com o herbicida. Nas raízes, houve redução na biossíntese de proteínas sob tratamento com herbicida, tanto aos 3 quanto aos 7 DAA. Os resultados sugerem que as alterações do perfil eletroforético das proteínas citoplasmáticas das plantas de milho refletem bem o estádio de desintoxicação de seus tecidos e que, mesmo após o processo haver se estabelecido na parte aérea, as raízes continuaram a apresentar alterações, que indicam um processo mais prolongado de desintoxicação do mesotrione sobre o sistema radicular.
Caracterização genética de amostras de Conyza sp. do estado do Paraná
Authors: Circunvis B.C. , Renesto E. , Mangolin C.A. , Machado M.F.P.S. , Takasusuki M.C.C.R.
Published: April 2014

Crescente interesse tem se estabelecido para a análise da diversidade genética de espécies Conyza bonariensis, C.canadensis e C.sumatrensis, popularmente conhecidas como buva ou voadeira, que nos últimos anos vêm causando vários prejuízos nas lavouras do Brasil e do mundo, principalmente nas plantações de soja. A proposta do presente estudo foi estimar a variabilidade genética de amostras de C.sumatrensis provenientes da região noroeste do Estado do Paraná. A análise de isozimas em tecidos de folhas das plantas de C. sumatrensis foi realizada para estimar a variabilidade genética dentro de cada população e entre populações diferentes, no sentido de recomendar um tratamento diferencial ou uniforme para o controle dessas plantas daninhas na referida região. Foram analisados quatro sistemas enzimáticos (ACP, GPI, MDH e PGM) e detectados 10 locos com 10 alelos, os quais não apresentaram diversidade genética dentro e entre as populações analisadas, comprovado pela presença de apenas indivíduos homozigotos. As enzimas analisadas no presente estudo indicaram que as plantas das três regiões são geneticamente uniformes, e a uniformidade genética verificada para os referidos locos é um indicativo prévio de que é possível utilizar doses equivalentes do glifosato para controlar o crescimento desses biótipos.
Sugarcane tolerance to ratoon eradication with glyphosate determined by physiological responses
Authors: Silva M.A. , Arantes M.T. , Oliver R. , Brunelli M.C.
Published: April 2014

This study aimed to evaluate the tolerance of sugarcane cultivars to ratoon eradication under different glyphosate rates by means of physiological responses. Therefore, a trial was carried out in randomized complete blocks with 4 x 4 factorial design (cultivars x rates) totaling 16 treatments with four replicates. The cultivars IAC91-5155, IACSP93-3046, and IAC86-2480 and IAC87-3396 and the glyphosate rates 0 g ha-1; 1,920 g ha-1; 2,400 g ha-1; 2,880 g ha-1 were tested. The variables analyzed were percentage of tiller mortality, quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) and SPAD index. The results showed that there are differences among sugarcane cultivars for tiller eradication and for physiological responses with glyphosate different rates. The rate of 2,880 g ha-1 was the most efficient in eliminating sugarcane tillers. The cultivars IAC86-2480, IAC87-3396 and IACSP93-3046 were the most sensitive and the IAC91-5155 tolerated, for a longer period of time, the damage to the photosynthetic apparatus of the ratoons caused by glyphosate desiccation. Due to different responses, different managements should be considered for eliminating ratoons of different cultivars.
Influence of spray mixture volume and flight height on herbicide deposition in aerial applications on pastures
Authors: Oliveira M.A.P. , Antuniassi U.R. , Velini E.D. , Oliveira R.B. , Salvador J.F. , Silva A.C.A. , Mota A.A.B. , Figueiredo Z.N. , Boiani R.S.
Published: April 2014

The objective of the present study was to analyze the influence of spray mixture volume and flight height on herbicide deposition in aerial applications on pastures. The experimental plots were arranged in a pasture area in the district of Porto Esperidião (Mato Grosso, Brazil). In all of the treatments, the applications contained the herbicides aminopyralid and fluroxypyr (Dominum) at the dose of 2.5 L c.p. ha-1, including the adjuvant mineral oil (Joint Oil) at the dose of 1.0 L and a tracer to determine the deposition by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (rhodamine at a concentration of 0.6%). The experiment consisted of nine treatments that comprised the combinations of three spray volumes (20, 30 and 50 L ha-1) and three flight heights (10, 30 and 40 m). The results showed that, on average, there was a tendency for larger deposits for the smallest flight heights, with a significant difference between the heights of 10 and 40 m. There was no significant difference among the deposits obtained with the different spray mixture volumes.
Acúmulo de nutrientes e produtividade de crambe em função da fertilização com torta de mamona e serpentinito
Authors: Prates Fabiano Barbosa de Souza , Genuncio Glaucio da Cruz , Ferrari Anderson Claiton , Nascimento Elisamara Caldeira do , Alvez Guilherme Zolli , Palermo Danielle Perez , Zonta Everaldo
Published: April 2014

O uso de fontes alternativas para a fertilização na agricultura vem sendo cada vez mais explorada pelo homem, devido à escassez das fontes finitas dos minerais utilizados atualmente. Produtos como a torta de mamona e silicatos de serpentinito podem ser fontes viáveis para o uso na agricultura. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os teores e conteúdos de N, P, K, Ca e Mg na cultura do crambe, assim como a sua produção em função da adubação com torta de mamona PDS e silicato de serpentinito. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com sete doses de torta de mamona PDS e duas doses de silicato de serpentinito (com e sem enxofre elementar), totalizando 21 tratamentos. Utilizaram-se as doses de 0,0; 0,5; 1; 2; 4; 6 e 8t ha-1 de torta de mamona PDS (equivalente à aplicação de 0, 15, 30, 60, 120 e 240kg ha-1 de N) e as doses de silicato de serpentinito em 0 e 1t ha-1, com e sem enxofre. A aplicação de silicato de serpentinito sem enxofre aumentou os teores e conteúdos de nutrientes de N, P, K, Ca e Mg do crambe e a produção de sementes. O uso de torta de mamona PDS como fertilizante orgânico favoreceu o crescimento e desenvolvimento do crambe. A dose de 8t ha-1 de torta de mamona PDS foi a mais indicada para a fertilização da cultura do crambe.
Variabilidade genética de acessos de araçazeiro e goiabeira suscetíveis e resistentes a Meloidogyne enterolobii
Authors: Souza Aline das Graças , Resende Luciane Vilela , Lima Isabela Pereira de , Santos Rosimar Musser dos , Chalfun Nilton Nagib Jorge
Published: April 2014

A goiabeira representa uma importante atividade frutícola no Brasil, com mercado cada vez maior. Porém, desde 1989 vêm sendo relatados severos danos à cultura, causados pelo nematóide Meloidogyne enterolobii. Uma das alternativas para solucionar esse problema é a utilização de porta-enxertos com resistência a este patógeno. Este trabalho teve por objetivo a caracterização molecular, com marcadores RAPD, de acessos de Psidium testados quanto à resistência a M. enterolobii e quanto à compatibilidade como porta-enxertos para as goiabeiras comerciais. Foram testados 30 primers, dos quais 19 forneceram resultados nítidos para a amplificação. Foram gerados 163 fragmentos, dos quais 86 polimórficos (63,0%). Em média, cada iniciador produziu 8,6 fragmentos, dos quais 5,4 apresentaram polimorfismo. A análise de agrupamento foi realizada por espécie, os acessos de Psidium sp apresentaram a formação de dois grupos, um formado pelo acesso A-UFLA e o segundo subdividido em quatro subgrupos, sendo os acessos com maiores distâncias genéticas A-Ufla, resistente a M. enterolobii, A-Ufla4 e A-Ufla5, ambos suscetíveis ao nematoide em questão, todos coletados em Lavras-MG, com similaridade aproximada de 66%. Na análise de agrupamento, dos treze acessos de P.cattleyanum, foi possível constatar a formação de dois grandes grupos. Um formado por três acessos suscetíveis a M. enterolobii (A-20.2, A-10.1 e A-9.2) e outro grupo formado por dez acessos. Os acessos se agruparam, conforme a região de origem, em seis grupos, sendo que o mais divergente é originário da região de Lavras - MG, com 0,65 de similaridade, onde as distâncias genéticas variaram de 0,88 a 0,65. Dos treze acessos de P. guineense, todos suscetíveis a M. enterolobii, sendo 12 oriundos de Recife e um de Pelotas (A-14.1) e agruparam-se em dois grupos com similaridades variando de 0,59 a 0,83. Quanto ao estudo de diversidade entre os acessos de goiabeiras, a maior distância genética foi detectada entre o acesso G-Ufla com 0,71 Lavras-MG.
Epidemiologia molecular de surto de raiva bovina na região central do Rio Grande do Sul, 2012
Authors: Kanitz Fábio Adriano , Kowalski Ananda Paula , Batista Helena Beatriz de Carvalho Ruthner , Carnieli Junior Pedro , Oliveira Rafael de Novaes , Weiblen Rudi , Flores Eduardo Furtado
Published: April 2014

A raiva é uma doença infecciosa do sistema nervoso central de mamíferos causada pelo vírus da raiva (RabV), geralmente, transmitido pela mordedura de animais infectados. No Brasil, os morcegos hematófagos Desmodus rotundus são as principais fontes de infecção do RabV para bovinos e equinos. Este artigo descreve uma investigação epidemiológica e molecular de surtos de raiva ocorridos na região central do Rio Grande do Sul, entre maio e agosto de 2012. Nesse período, 45 casos suspeitos de raiva foram relatados em 22 pequenos rebanhos, localizados dentro de um raio de 4,7km, no município de Pinhal Grande. Desses, 32 amostras foram submetidas para diagnóstico da raiva, sendo que o RabV e/ou antígenos virais foram identificados em 27 amostras. Em um segundo momento, 11 amostras foram submetidas à transcrição reversa/reação em cadeia da polimerase (RT-PCR) para o gene da nucleoproteína (N) do RabV, seguido de sequenciamento nucleotídico e análise filogenética. Sete das 11 amostras apresentaram sequências nucleotídicas idênticas e uma apresentou mutação sinônima, não-codificante, indicando uma provável origem comum dos vírus. Por outro lado, três amostras apresentaram mutações que resultaram em alterações de aminoácidos, sugerindo uma origem diferente do vírus. Esses resultados sugerem que RabV de diferentes origens/linhagens co-circulam na região e foram envolvidos nos surtos descritos. Investigações sobre a circulação de ambos os genótipos em morcegos na região estão em andamento.
Administração de diferentes concentrações de folhas de Ipomoea asarifolia na ração de camundongos
Authors: Lopes José Radmácyo Gomes , Riet-Correa Franklin , Medeiros Marcia Alves de , Dantas Francelicia Pereira Marques , Medeiros Rosane Maria Trindade
Published: April 2014

Considerando que os principais sinais clínicos observados na intoxicação por Ipomoea asarifolia em ruminantes são tremores de intenção e incoordenação, o objetivo deste trabalho foi comprovar se I. asarifolia é tremorgênica para camundongos e o seu efeito sobre o equilíbrio, coordenação motora e força muscular. Três grupos de camundongos machos adultos da linhagem Swiss receberam ração contendo 0, 20% e 30% de folhas de I. asarifolia por 30 dias. No dia 0 e a cada cinco dias, foram mensurados o consumo de ração e água e o peso dos animais, realizando-se também testes na trave elevada, suspensão em fio e rota rod. Foram observadas alterações no equilíbrio e na cfoordenação motora na trave elevada e no rota rod, o que sugere que a planta afeta o sistema nervoso central; porém não ocorreram tremores musculares.
Eletroestimulação na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas experimentais em coelhos
Authors: Beheregaray Wanessa Krüger , Gianotti Giordano Cabral , Leal Juliano de Souza , Garcez Tuane , Contesini Emerson Antonio
Published: April 2014

Feridas cutâneas crônicas e complicadas são frequentemente encontradas na rotina da medicina veterinária e, muitas vezes, transformam os tratamentos em verdadeiro desafio. A eletroterapia tem sido indicada como alternativa aos tratamentos convencionais, devido à sua capacidade de promover cicatrização. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um ensaio experimental utilizando a eletroestimulação (ES) na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas em coelhos. Para tanto, foram utilizados 10 coelhos Nova Zelândia, machos, hígidos, submetidos à anestesia geral para a indução experimental de duas feridas cutâneas de 1cm² localizadas no dorso, caudal à borda das escápulas. As lesões foram higienizadas com solução salina 0,9%, sendo a do lado direito tratada por ES e a do lado esquerdo, como controle. Para ES utilizou-se a frequência de 60Hz, por 10 minutos a cada dois dias, sendo aplicadas quatro agulhas de acupuntura em pontos equidistantes ao redor da lesão, a 0,5cm da borda. Os animais foram divididos em dois grupos, de oito e de 15 dias, conforme o período de tratamento e avaliação macroscópica e histopatológica. Não houve diferença significativa no tempo de cicatrização das lesões tratadas com ES. Porém, apresentaram qualidade tecidual, tanto na avaliação macro quanto microscópica, superior às do grupo controle. Com isso, é possível indicar a ES como tratamento de feridas cutâneas, por ser uma técnica eficiente, de fácil aplicação e de relativo baixo custo.
Oxigenação extracorpórea por membrana em cães sem auxílio circulatório
Authors: Costa Alessandra Castello da , Silveira Lara Lages da , Ferreira Felipp da Silveira , Santos Cíntia Lourenço , Abílio Edmundo Jorge , Antunes Fernanda , Albernaz Antônio Peixoto , Carvalho Cláudio Baptista de , Ferreira Giseli dos Santos , Vale Daniela Fantini , Machado Josias Alves , Monteiro Guilherme Alexandre Soares , Oliveira André Lacerda de Abreu
Published: April 2014

A oxigenação extracorpórea por membrana com desvio arterio-venoso (AV-ECMO), em seres humanos, é uma técnica de suporte à vida capaz de assumir em parte ou totalmente as funções dos pulmões, quando estes já não são capazes de promover uma adequada hematose. Para conhecer a viabilidade deste método em cães (Canis familiaris), o presente estudo aplicou a AV-ECMO em dez indivíduos adultos, sem raça definida, com uma expectativa de três horas de duração para cada experimento. No grupo 1 (n=4), ventilação mecânica e infusão contínua de dopamina foram associadas ao suporte extracorpóreo. No grupo 2 (n=6), nenhuma medida de terapia intensiva foi instituída concomitantemente à AV-ECMO. O comportamento dos parâmetros de gasometria e os níveis de lactato foram avaliados a cada 10 minutos e 1 hora, respectivamente, por meio de da avaliação de amostras sanguíneas arteriais. O suporte inotrópico foi capaz de promover uma melhor perfusão tecidual com sangue oxigenado, sugerida pelos níveis de lactato e pressão arterial média mensurados, assim como a hemogasometria revelou melhores resultados quando a ventilação mecânica foi utilizada simultaneamente à AV-ECMO. Portanto, aplicada conjuntamente com suporte da terapia intensiva, a AV-ECMO é uma técnica viável para o uso em cães com falência respiratória, refratária aos tratamentos convencionais.