bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smart Start: Rituximab, Lenalidomide, and Ibrutinib in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Westin Jason , Davis R. Eric , Feng Lei , Hagemeister Fredrick , Steiner Raphael , Lee Hun Ju , Fayad Luis , Nastoupil Loretta , Ahmed Sairah , Rodriguez Alma , Fanale Michelle , Samaniego Felipe , Iyer Swaminathan P. , Nair Ranjit , Oki Yasuhiro , Fowler Nathan , Wang Michael , Ma Man Chun John , Vega Francisco , McDonnell Timothy , Pinnix Chelsea , Griffith Donna , Lu Yang , Tewari Sanjit , Sun Ryan , Scott David W. , Flowers Christopher R. , Neelapu Sattva , Green Michael R.
Published: August 2022

PURPOSE

Chemoimmunotherapy for patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is largely unchanged for decades. Both preclinical models and clinical data suggest the combination of lenalidomide and ibrutinib may have synergy in DLBCL, particularly in the non–germinal center B-cell-like subset.

METHODS

We enrolled 60 patients with newly diagnosed non–germinal center B-cell-like DLBCL in this investigator-initiated, single-arm phase II trial of rituximab, lenalidomide, and ibrutinib (RLI) with the sequential addition of chemotherapy (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02636322 ). Patients were treated with rituximab 375 mg/m2 intravenous once on day 1, lenalidomide 25 mg once per day on days 1-10, and ibrutinib 560 mg once daily continuously of each 21-day cycle (RLI). After two cycles, standard chemotherapy was added to RLI for six additional cycles. The primary end points were overall response rate (ORR) after two cycles of RLI alone and complete response rate after completion of RLI with chemotherapy. In evaluable samples, circulating tumor DNA and DLBCL90 assays were performed.

RESULTS

The median age was 63.5 years (range, 29-83 years) with 28% age 70 years or older. The revised international prognostic index identified 42% as high risk, and 62% were double expressor of MYC and BCL2 protein. The ORR after two cycles of RLI was 86.2%, and the complete response rate at the end of RLI-chemotherapy was 94.5%. With a median follow-up of 31 months, the progression-free survival and overall survival were at 91.3% and 96.6% at 2 years, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Smart Start is the first study, to our knowledge, to treat newly diagnosed DLBCL with a targeted therapy combination before chemotherapy. RLI produced a high ORR, and RLI with chemotherapy resulted in durable responses. This establishes the potential for developing biologically driven and noncytotoxic first-line therapies for DLBCL.
Prospective Clinical Genomic Profiling of Ewing Sarcoma: ERF and FGFR1 Mutations as Recurrent Secondary Alterations of Potential Biologic and Therapeutic Relevance
Authors: Ogura Koichi , Elkrief Arielle , Bowman Anita S. , Koche Richard P. , de Stanchina Elisa , Benayed Ryma , Mauguen Audrey , Mattar Marissa S. , Khodos Inna , Meyers Paul A. , Healey John H. , Tap William D. , Hameed Meera , Zehir Ahmet , Shukla Neerav , Sawyers Charles , Bose Rohit , Slotkin Emily , Ladanyi Marc
Published: August 2022

PURPOSE

Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a primitive sarcoma defined by EWSR1-ETS fusions as the primary driver alteration. To better define the landscape of cooperating secondary genetic alterations in ES, we analyzed clinical genomic profiling data of 113 patients with ES, a cohort including more adult patients (> 18 years) and more patients with advanced stage at presentation than previous genomic cohorts.

METHODS

The data set consisted of patients with ES prospectively tested with the US Food and Drug Administration–cleared Memorial Sloan Kettering-Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets large panel, hybrid capture-based next-generation sequencing assay. To assess the functional significance of ERF loss, we generated ES cell lines with increased expression of ERF and lines with knockdown of ERF. We assessed cell viability, clonogenic growth, and motility in these ES lines and performed transcriptomic and epigenetic analyses. Finally, we validated our findings in vivo using cell line xenografts.

RESULTS

Novel subsets were defined by recurrent secondary alterations in ERF, which encodes an ETS domain transcriptional repressor, in 7% of patients (five truncating mutations, one deep deletion, and two missense mutations) and in FGFR1 in another 2.7% (one amplification and two known activating mutations). ERF alterations were nonoverlapping with STAG2 alterations. In vitro, increased expression of ERF decreased tumor cell growth, colony formation, and motility in two ES cell lines, whereas ERF loss induced cellular proliferation and clonogenic growth. Transcriptomic analysis of cell lines with ERF loss revealed an increased expression of genes and pathways associated with aggressive tumor biology, and epigenetic, chromatin-based studies revealed that ERF competes with EWSR1-FLI1 at ETS-binding sites.

CONCLUSION

Our findings open avenues to new insights into ES pathobiology and to novel therapeutic approaches in a subset of patients with ES.
Association of ERBB2 Copy Number and Gene Coalterations With Trastuzumab Efficacy and Resistance in Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Esophagogastric and Gastric Cancer
Authors: Hino Kaori , Nishina Tomohiro , Kajiwara Takeshi , Bando Hideaki , Nakamura Maho , Kadowaki Shigenori , Minashi Keiko , Yuki Satoshi , Ohta Takashi , Hara Hiroki , Mizukami Takuro , Moriwaki Toshikazu , Ohtsubo Koushiro , Komoda Masato , Mitani Seiichiro , Nagashima Fumio , Kato Ken , Yamada Takanobu , Hasegawa Hiroko , Yamazaki Kentaro , Yoshino Takayuki , Hyodo Ichinosuke
Published: August 2022

PURPOSE

ERBB2 copy number (CN), measured using next-generation sequencing, is a predictive biomarker for trastuzumab efficacy in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive advanced esophagogastric and gastric cancer (AGC). We aimed to investigate the association of ERBB2 amplification and gene coalterations with response and resistance to trastuzumab-combined chemotherapy.

METHODS

The SCRUM-Japan GI-SCREEN was a comprehensive genomic profiling project of GI cancer tissues using Oncomine Cancer Research Panel and Oncomine Comprehensive Assay. From 885 patients with AGC who successfully underwent gene profiling, 74 with ERBB2 amplification (CN ≥ 4.0) and who received first-line trastuzumab-combined chemotherapy were selected, and ERBB2 CN and gene coalterations were assessed.

RESULTS

ERBB2 CN did not differ in tumor response to trastuzumab-combined chemotherapy (one-way analysis of variance test, P = .37). Multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazard model revealed that ERBB2 CN (continuous log2-converted CN, hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.93; P < .01) and receptor/oncogene amplifications in the HER2 signaling pathway (hazard ratio, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.2 to 5.3; P = .01) were significant predictors for progression-free survival (PFS). ERBB2 variants coexisted in five patients (7%) and were missense mutations. Two patients with low variant allele frequencies (VAFs; 8%, 12%) showed high ERBB2 CN (55, 80) and durable response (≥ 20 months), whereas three patients with high VAFs (66%–90%) showed low ERBB2 CN (8-11) and no response with short PFS (1-10 months).

CONCLUSION

ERBB2 CN and gene coamplification in the HER2 signaling pathway were positive and negative predictors of PFS in trastuzumab-treated HER2-positive AGC patients, respectively. HER2-positive AGC patients with a high VAF of ERBB2 showed poor outcomes and may need HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors and trastuzumab deruxtecan.
Whole Exome Sequencing in Patients With Ectopic Posterior Pituitary
Authors: Silva Tatiane S , Faucz Fabio R , Hernández-Ramírez Laura C , Pankratz Nathan , Lane John , Kay Denise M , Lyra Arthur , Kochi Cristiane , Stratakis Constantine A , Longui Carlos A , Mills James L
Published: August 2022

Context

Ectopic posterior pituitary (EPP), a condition in which the posterior pituitary gland is displaced due to defective neuronal migration, is frequently associated with hypopituitarism. Genetic variants play a role, but many cases remain unexplained.

Objective

A large EPP cohort was studied to explore the importance of genetic variants and how they correlate with clinical findings.

Methods

Whole exome sequencing was performed on a discovery sample of 27 cases to identify rare variants. The variants that met the criteria for rarity and biological relevance, or that were previously associated with EPP (ROBO1 and HESX1), were then resequenced in the 27 cases plus a replication sample of 51 cases.

Results

We identified 16 different variants in 12 genes in 15 of the 78 cases (19.2%). Complete anterior pituitary deficiency was twice as common in cases with variants of interest compared to cases without variants (9/15 [60%] vs 19/63 [30.1%], respectively; Z test, P = 0.06). Breech presentation was more frequent in the variant positive group (5/15 vs 1/63; Z test, P = 0.003). Four cases had variants in ROBO1 and 1 in HESX1, genes previously associated with EPP. The ROBO1 p.S18* variant has not been reported previously; ROBO1 p.Q1227H has not been associated with EPP previously.

Conclusion

EPP cases with variants of interest identified in this study were more likely to present with severe clinical disease. Several variants were identified in genes not previously associated with EPP. Our findings confirm that EPP is a multigenic disorder. Future studies are needed to identify additional genes.
Total Intravenous Anesthesia Using Remimazolam and Continuous Cardiac Output Monitoring for Dental Anesthesia in a Patient With Takayasu’s Arteritis: A Case Report
Authors: Takaishi Kazumi , Takata Marina , Aoki Risa , Fujiwara Shigeki Joseph Luke , Kawahito Shinji , Kitahata Hiroshi
Published: August 2022

Takayasu’s arteritis is a persistent chronic progressive inflammation of the large- and medium-caliber arteries. Controlling cardiovascular variability during anesthesia and overcoming difficulties of cardiovascular monitoring due to the impaired vessels are important in patients with Takayasu’s arteritis. Remimazolam is a novel short-acting benzodiazepine with mild effects on hemodynamics. We report the case of a patient with Takayasu’s arteritis who underwent oral surgery under general anesthesia. This report highlights the use of remimazolam and remifentanil to reduce hemodynamic perturbations using estimated continuous cardiac output monitoring.
Use of a Spinal-Caudal Epidural Technique for Abdominal Surgery in a Newborn With Noonan Syndrome and Severe Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Couser Deanna F. , Veneziano Giorgio C. , Nafiu Olubukola O. , Tobias Joseph D. , Beltran Ralph J.
Published: August 2022

Features of Noonan syndrome include a distinctive facial appearance, short stature, a broad or webbed neck, congenital heart disease, bleeding problems, skeletal malformations, and developmental delay. Although pulmonary stenosis is most commonly reported, up to 20% of patients have hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We report the use of a combined spinal-caudal epidural anesthesia technique during urologic surgery (pyeloplasty) in an 8-week-old infant with Noonan syndrome and HCM. A spinal-caudal epidural technique provides favorable hemodynamic conditions, avoids the need for airway instrumentation, and may serve as an alternative to general anesthesia in these high risk patients.
Intermediate Cervical Plexus Block for Refractory Bilateral Facial Pain From a Whiplash Injury in 3 Patients: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Hayun , Simpson Lynnette , Niraj G.
Published: August 2022

Bilateral facial pain is associated with temporomandibular joint dysfunction and rarely, trigeminal neuralgia. In the absence of clinical and radiological signs, a diagnosis of persistent idiopathic facial pain is often made. Standard management of persistent idiopathic facial pain includes pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy with variable therapeutic efficacy. Whiplash can result in persistent facial pain although its clinical presentation and management are poorly defined. This report includes 3 patients with refractory bilateral facial pain. A detailed review of history revealed whiplash before the onset of the symptoms. The authors present a novel intervention, an intermediate cervical plexus block that produced durable analgesia.
Women and Economics: New Historical Perspectives
Authors: Chassonnery-Zaïgouche Cléo , Forget Evelyn L. , Singleton John D.
Published: August 2022

This essay is the introduction to the 2022 supplemental issue of History of Political Economy, titled Women and Economics: New Historical Perspectives. We first reflect on the historiography of economics and the relative absence of women and gender in the mainstream of the field. Three approaches to the history of women and economics are delineated: making visible women economists, outlining the impact of including women in a broader narrative about economics, and analyzing gender metaphors in economic thought. We then preview and describe the nine contributions included in the volume. In the last section, we consider what is next for this research agenda, arguing that there are two important challenges to historians of economics. The first challenge concerns the consequences of delegating women and gender to a separate history. The second challenge concerns the “silences” of unwritten, undeveloped, and unpreserved work in the history of economics and how the community engaged with the past of economics should reflect on these.
Two “Two Ostrom” Problems
Authors: Johnson Marianne
Published: August 2022

This article considers the institutional and intellectual trajectory of Elinor Ostrom as an interdisciplinary scholar in the postwar period and how her contributions have been reframed after she became the first woman to receive the Nobel Prize in Economics. Two distinct but interrelated historiographical problems influence our perceptions of Ostrom. The first relates to the difficulties women face in dual-career partnerships that often affect their ability to establish independent academic careers and gain fair recognition for contributions to shared research programs. How Ostrom negotiated these challenges highlights the many and often hidden constraints professional women face. The second problem is how to gauge or weight the work of the Ostrom who was a multidisciplinary scholar of the commons with that of the Ostrom who was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. Exploring her trajectory in public choice over a half century makes apparent the remarkable force a Nobel Prize exerts on post hoc appraisals of a career.
“Writing History as a Way of Life”: The Life and Work of Margaret Marie Garritsen de Vries
Authors: Laskaridis Christina
Published: August 2022

The name Margaret Marie Garritsen de Vries may not be the first that pops into people's minds when thinking about the International Monetary Fund. It is through her work, as the long-standing official Fund historian, that those interested in the Fund's history will travel. An operational economist during the first part of her career, her turn to history was the avenue through which she could continue it. Leaving a lasting impression on her colleagues, her institution, and the economics profession overall, she reaped recognition of her role in furthering the status of women in the profession, receiving prestigious awards, and through memorial funds set up in her name. The primary aim of this article is to piece together a brief biography. Studying the life of a woman economist turned historian in an international organization brings to light her contribution as an economist working in a predominantly male field—international monetary and financial issues. This article explores her work as a historian—the main area of work for which she gained recognition—and draws out some of the particularities of women's work in an international organization during this period.
Franz Rosenzweig, Richard Wagner, and the Sacred Theater of the Day of Atonement
Authors: Ben Harush Ido
Published: August 2022

This article deals with the mark of Richard Wagner on Franz Rosenzweig’s account of the Day of Atonement service in Der Stern der Erlösung. It exposes the presence of Wagner’s Tristan und Isolde, his theory of Gesamtkunstwerk, and particularly his theory of gesture in Rosenzweig’s discussion of the liturgical gesture of the Jewish holiday. It suggests that Rosenzweig models this most significant moment as a form of “sacred theater” depicting the Wagnerian “music opera.” Through this analysis, not only does “drama” emerge as the link between the three sections of Der Stern and as the key to unlocking the work’s argument as a whole, but also the fertility of Wagner’s theatrical theory for religious thought is revealed.
Calculating Needs and Prescribing Properties: Chaiqian and the Commensuration of Value at Nanjing's Urban Edge
Authors: Wang Mengqi
Published: August 2022

This article examines how local governments calculate and allocate compensation to displaced peasants in demolition-relocation projects, known as chaiqian 拆迁 (demolition and relocation projects), at the urban edge of eastern Nanjing. Based on twenty months of ethnographic fieldwork, this article shows that, contrary to popular imaginings, chaiqian in Nanjing do not exclude peasants from urban development but seek to exploit the uneven urban and rural property regimes and bring rural spaces, including people, real estate, and crops, into the urban system. The government-developer growth coalition, motivated by real estate–driven urban expansion, engineers this process with the aid of calculative technologies and protocols of commensuration. Moreover, technocrats such as chaiqian cadres and urban planners can never fully translate rural real estate into monetary value. They have to constantly update and negotiate protocols of calculation with property-owning villagers to solve emerging issues of commensuration. The villagers, on the other hand, engage with these technologies of valuation to raise claims to a larger share of wealth in chaiqian compensation. Demolition and relocation projects thus are not merely the execution of a developmental ideal but assemble urban accumulation as an ongoing process of value translation and transformation. They also show how urban accumulation at the edge of eastern Nanjing is a contested hegemonic process.
PFN4 is required for manchette development and acrosome biogenesis during mouse spermiogenesis
Authors: Umer Naila , Phadke Sharang , Shakeri Farhad , Arévalo Lena , Lohanadan Keerthika , Kirfel Gregor , Sylvester Marc , Buness Andreas , Schorle Hubert
Published: August 2022

Profilin 4 (Pfn4) is expressed during spermiogenesis and localizes to the acrosome-acroplaxome-manchette complex. Here, we generated PFN4-deficient mice, with sperm displaying severe impairment in manchette formation. Interestingly, HOOK1 staining suggests that the perinuclear ring is established; however, ARL3 staining is disrupted, suggesting that lack of PFN4 does not interfere with the formation of the perinuclear ring and initial localization of HOOK1, but impedes microtubular organization of the manchette. Furthermore, amorphous head shape and flagellar defects were detected, resulting in reduced sperm motility. Disrupted cis- and trans-Golgi networks and aberrant production of proacrosomal vesicles caused impaired acrosome biogenesis. Proteomic analysis showed that the proteins ARF3, SPECC1L and FKBP1, which are involved in Golgi membrane trafficking and PI3K/AKT pathway, are more abundant in Pfn4−/− testes. Levels of PI3K, AKT and mTOR were elevated, whereas AMPK level was reduced, consistent with inhibition of autophagy. This seems to result in blockage of autophagic flux, which could explain the failure in acrosome formation. In vitro fertilization demonstrated that PFN4-deficient sperm is capable of fertilizing zona-free oocytes, suggesting a potential treatment for PFN4-related human infertility.
Non-cell-autonomous regulation of petal initiation in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Takeda Seiji , Hamamura Yuki , Sakamoto Tomoaki , Kimura Seisuke , Aida Mitsuhiro , Higashiyama Tetsuya
Published: August 2022

In many flowering plants, petals initiate in alternate positions from first whorl sepals, suggesting possible signaling between sepal boundaries and petal initiation sites. PETAL LOSS (PTL) and RABBIT EARS (RBE) regulate petal initiation in Arabidopsis thaliana and their transcripts are expressed in sepal boundary and petal initiation sites, respectively, suggesting that PTL acts in a non-cell-autonomous manner. Here, we determined that cells expressing PTL and RBE fusion proteins did not overlap but were adjacent, confirming the non-cell-autonomous function of PTL. Genetic ablation of intersepal cells by expressing the diphtheria toxin-A chain gene driven by the PTL promoter resulted in flowers lacking petals, suggesting these cells are required for petal initiation. Transcriptome analysis combined with a PTL induction system revealed 42 genes that were upregulated under PTL activation, including UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS (UFO), which likely plays an important role in petal initiation. These findings suggest a molecular mechanism in which PTL indirectly regulates petal initiation and UFO mediates positional signaling between the sepal boundary and petal initiation sites.
Spatial uniformity of action potentials indicates base-to-apex depolarization and repolarization of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ventricle
Authors: Badr Ahmed , Hassinen Minna , Vornanen Matti
Published: August 2022

The spatial pattern of electrical activation is crucial for a full understanding of fish heart function. However, it remains unclear whether there is regional variation in action potential (AP) morphologies and underlying ion currents. Because the direction of depolarization and spatial differences in the durations of ventricular APs set limits to potential patterns of ventricular repolarization, we determined AP morphologies, underlying ion currents and ion channel expression in four different ventricular regions (spongy myocardium; and apex, base and middle of the compact myocardium), and correlated them with in vivo electrocardiograms (ECGs) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). ECGs recorded from three leads indicated that the depolarization and repolarization of APs propagate from base to apex, and the main depolarization axis of the ventricle is between +90 and +120 deg. AP shape was uniform across the whole ventricle, and little regional differences were found in the density of repolarizing K+ currents or depolarizing Ca2+ and Na+ currents and the underlying transcripts of ion channels, providing compelling evidence for the suggested excitation pattern. The spatial uniformity of AP durations and base-to-apex propagation of activation with a relatively slow velocity of propagation indicates no special ventricular conduction pathway in the trout ventricle such as the His–Purkinje system of mammalian hearts. The sequence of repolarization is solely determined by activation time without being affected by regional differences in AP duration.
Pre-Clinical Study: Immunohistochemical evaluation of matrix metalloproteinase-13 on rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) socket healing after application of platelet-rich fibrin with and without hydroxyapatite
Authors: Damayanti Meta Maulida , Rachmawati Meike
Published: August 2022

Background: Tissue engineering technology has been used globally and proven to accelerate wound healing. This study aimed to analyse the effect of adding hydroxyapatite (HA) as a scaffold to platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as a growth factor in accelerating the wound healing process as seen from the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13).

Methods: This research is an animal experiment conducted on 18 rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Rabbits were randomly divided into the following three groups of treatment: (G1) the application of PRF group, (G2) the application of PRF+HA group and (C) the control group without any application. Furthermore, each treatment group was split randomly into three groups of observation time. Periodontal tissue biopsy was performed to analyse the histopathological features that were examined on the basis of the level of MMP-13 immunoexpression.

Results: MMP-13 immunoexpression in the PRF+HA group showed better histoscore results, indicating a substantial reduction in MMP-13 values compared with other groups. The healing process was shown to increase with increasing observation time (p<0.05), and the PRF+HA group outperformed the PRF and control groups. On day 3, MMP-13 exhibited a dark brown colour of Immunohistochemistry (IHC), which indicated an increase in the expression value of MMP-13 in the early stages of healing, namely, inflammation. On day 14, light brown IHC was seen, especially in group 2, as a reference that the remodeling process had begun.

Conclusions: This study indicates that the administration of PRF and HA was capable of reducing the MMP-13 expression that significantly accelerates the socket healing process. Hydroxyapatite is an alloplastic material that has inherent bioactive properties that support osteoconduction, can bind MMPs, and showed faster healing results based on the observation time as documented by immunohistochemistry.
Regional dimension of international environmental cooperation: the European Union environmental policy and its relations with its neighbors in the case of Russia
Authors: Zaslavskaya Natalia
Published: August 2022

This article aims to examine factors influencing the development of international environmental cooperation and the roles of particular actors participating in environmental cooperation. In general, the majority of international actors agree with the importance of environmental protection but demonstrate different visions in terms of necessary measures. The final result depends on their capability to find common ground. It is assumed that the EU, with its strong environmental policy, realizes the importance of transborder coordination of environmental measures and tries to promote environmental cooperation. Russia was a serious challenge to the EU in terms of environmental security due to its geographic proximity, its severe environmental problems, and its harmful influence over environmental situation in the EU member states. The EU policy towards Russia demonstrates how the EU promotes environmental cooperation and ensures improvement of the environmental situation in the neighboring states. This paper will answer the following research questions: what factors determine the motivation of international actors participating in environmental cooperation; how the EU environmental traditions and decision-making procedures influence its external environmental activities; and how the EU tries to influence Russian environmental policy.
The genome sequence of the mottled umber, Erannis defoliaria (Clerk, 1759)
Authors: Boyes Douglas ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective, Lewin Thomas ,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: August 2022

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Erannis defoliaria (the mottled umber; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Geometridae). The genome sequence is 522 megabases in span. The majority of the assembly (99.93%) is scaffolded into 29 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with the Z sex chromosome assembled. The mitochondrial genome was also assembled, and is 13.1 kilobases in length.
education, higher education, quality of education, academic mobility, international students, international educational programs, COVID-19, sanctions, geopolitical situation
Authors: Izmaylova Marina Alekseevna , Korneva Evgeniya , Ziganshin Bulat , Dmitriev Andrey , Mardanov Ramis
Published: August 2022

Currently, characterized by unprecedented anti-Russian sanctions restrictions, issues of functioning of all spheres of human activity are acute. The sphere of higher education was no exception. The agenda of economic and educational forums increasingly includes issues of ensuring the quality of higher education in the context of globalization processes, discussing the prospects for the implementation of international educational programs, analyzing the current state of international student mobility and ways to expand it to cover new areas of education, compliance of higher education with global humanistic values. In the context of globalization processes, quality issues in the field of higher education are of particular importance due to a group of factors, including: the massization of higher education, the development of cross-border education and the expansion of its opportunities due to the new forms and technologies of education, the popularization and expansion of the availability of international educational programs, the strengthening of competition of educational organizations for foreign applicants as sources of funding, etc. The effect of these factors in the international educational space, on the one hand, requires compliance with uniform standards, which include European standards and recommendations for quality assurance of higher education in the European Space (ESG–QA), on the other – may lead to a decrease in educational standards, including under the influence of external factors of the so-called insurmountable strength. We are talking about the impact of COVID-19 and the escalating geopolitical situation on the stability of international partnerships and the preservation of the principles formalized in a series of global documents on quality assurance of higher education, and the enduring universal values.
FACTOR ANALYSIS OF DAIRY CATTLE DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIAN REGIONS
Authors: Iskhakov Albert , Gatina Farida
Published: August 2022

The main task of dairy cattle breeding as one of the most important branches of the agro-food complex is to provide the population with milk and dairy products, and business with the necessary raw materials for the production process. Today, only 20% of Russian regions fully provide themselves with milk and dairy products, the level of self-sufficiency is 67.6%. It is possible to increase milk production by increasing the number of highly productive livestock and increasing milk yield from one cow, taking into account the proposed groups of factors. The main breeds of domestic cows have a high genetic potential and the possibility of further increasing their productivity. To assess the degree and nature of the relationship between the indicators of dairy productivity of cows and the factors that cause them, a correlation and regression analysis was carried out by solving the problem of multiple correlation. Factor analysis was carried out taking into account the impact of natural and climatic conditions on the results of agricultural production, since it is their influence that determines its results. Any kind of productivity is determined by the complex interaction of heredity and environmental conditions. It is known that temperature, humidity and saturation of the environment with gases have an adverse effect on the dairy productivity of cows. In addition, it should be borne in mind that the structure, quality and cost of the feed ration depend primarily on local climatic conditions. With proper feeding, maintenance and use, cows can show high productivity up to 8-10 lactation. For this purpose, the studied set of agricultural enterprises was divided into three natural and economic zones. In each natural and climatic zone, the influence of the same factors on milk yield is ambiguous, which is important when predicting the activities of an agricultural organization. The parameters of the developed regression equations can be used to predict the performance of agricultural organizations in various regions of the Russian Federation.
Everyday Lives in Occupied Poland. Some Ideas for a (Slightly) Different View
Authors: Kochanowski Jerzy
Published: August 2022

This article (or rather this essay) demonstrates several possibilities for a slightly different perspective on not so much everyday life during the occupation but on everyday lives. Only within the framework of the German occupation, which from the summer of 1941 covered almost the entire pre-war territory of Poland, the range of differences, both between administrative units (e.g., the General Government, the Wartheland or the Eastern Borderlands) as well as within them, between city and countryside, between individual social, professional, ethnic and age groups, was vast. The occupation was not a static and homogeneous phenomenon but a diverse and dynamic one, full of complex interactions. This text, based variously on the subject literature, published and archival sources (Polish and German), clandestine and official press, focuses on the following phenomena: the situation of Polish officials working for the occupation administration, mobility (both spatial and social – horizontal and vertical), relations between the city and the countryside, the breakdown of social norms, the wartime economy (with a greater than usually considered subjectivity of Polish actors) or the process of ‘taming’ the occupation (including terror), both materially and psychologically. The text may be treated as encouragement and invitation to interdisciplinary, methodologically innovative, cross-sectional research on Polish society during the Second World War.
The ‘Righteous’ as an Element of Transnational Memory Politics: The Stockholm International Forum on the Holocaust and the Memory of the Rescue of Jews during the Second World War
Authors: Wóycicka Zofia
Published: August 2022

In the last two decades, the topic of help given to Jews during the Second World War has experienced an extraordinary boom in Europe and beyond. Transnational and intergovernmental organisations such as the Council of Europe, the European Parliament and the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) have played an essential role in promoting this subject. This paper shows that the first big event to introduce the category of the Righteous into transnational memory politics was the Stockholm International Forum on the Holocaust (2000). Researchers have described the conference as a significant step toward the ‘institutionalisation of a European memory’ and promoting a self-critical, victim-centred, future-oriented and highly personalised Holocaust remembrance. I argue that it was precisely the universalisation of the Holocaust and the notion of a wide-ranging implication of European societies in the genocide, which paved the way for the rescue narratives. However, as this paper demonstrates, the participants in the conference defined the Righteous differently and invoked them for divergent purposes.
The Relations of the Antanas Smetona Regime with the Catholic Opposition, 1929–32
Authors: Malužinas Martinas
Published: August 2022

The article’s main objective is to present the relationship between the Antanas Smetona regime and the Catholic opposition in 1929–32, and an evaluation of the repressive measures applied during this period. An analysis of various sources revealed that the actions of the right-wing nationalist government toward the Catholic opposition – which included the clergy, Catholic social organisations, and the Christian Democrats – were extremely harsh, significantly since the Catholic movement did not threaten the state sovereignty, public order, or political doctrine carried out by the Lithuanian president. The 1929–32 timeframe refers to the period of the greatest tension in the conflict between the Lithuanian government and the Catholic Church. The conflict between the Republic of Lithuania and the Vatican divided society, thus disrupting the existing positive diplomatic relations, which were reflected in the signing of the concordat in 1927.
Digital technology and smart village development in Banyuwangi, Indonesia: an exploratory study
Authors: Jayanthi Ria , Dinaseviani Anggini , Indraprahasta Galuh Syahbana , Sitompul Rislima Febriani
Published: August 2022

Advances in digital technology have increasingly influenced many aspects of our everyday life at different geographical levels. In this paper, we focus on rural areas as key geographical loci of development by investigating the notion of the smart village (SV). Our main objective has been to improve the understanding of the adoption of the SV concept in different geographical contexts by zooming in on the case of Banyuwangi, Indonesia. In doing so, this paper investigates the adoption of SV in Banyuwangi by means of the Smart Kampung programme and reflects Banyuwangi’s situated experience against the broader SV discussions. Drawing on empirical material obtained through a series of semi-structured interviews conducted between 2020 and 2021, our analysis reveals that Banyuwangi has contextually translated SV into three main aspects of development, namely government service, economy and tourism. More broadly, our study exhibits that geographical situatedness of SV does matter, in the sense that some aspects of Banyuwangi’s experimentation with SV align with the trend in Global South countries, while some echo the trend in Global North countries.
Modern conflicts regarding the political status of territories: typological differences, features of spread and prospects for resolution
Authors: Dnistrianskyi Myroslav , Kopachinska Galina , Dnistrianska Nataliia
Published: August 2022

All international conflicts regarding issues of contention about the political status of territories are united by the lack of legitimate power in various places on Earth or the desire to establish such power. A classification of conflicts regarding issues of contention about the political status of territories is proposed in the article. It is shown that the main territorial and political conflicts of modernity are: issues of self-proclaimed states; issues of control over dependent countries; border conflicts over the status of individual islands; and conflicts due to incomplete and disordered decolonization processes. Resolving international conflicts over issues of the contended political status of territories is currently an important task that requires modernization and reformation of the UN Security Council and international law, and confirms the relevance of the research topic addressed in the article.
Standard and innovative options in the treatment of insulin resistance
Authors: Metelski Jakub , Krauze-Kuc Katarzyna , Metelska Aleksandra , Sereda Dominika , Nieścior Hubert
Published: August 2022

Introduction and purpose 

Insulin resistance is a state of decreased tissue sensitivity to insulin, despite normal or elevated levels of this hormone in the blood serum. People with insulin resistance for a long time do not show symptoms, which makes it particularly difficult to detect and treat in early stages. It mainly leads to impaired glucose homeostasis and the development of type 2 diabetes, which contributes to the exacerbation of the global problem that diabetes has become. This results in the search for innovative therapies that will help combat insulin resistance better and better. The purpose of this study is to highlight the complexity of the IR and review the current literature for non-pharmacological and pharmacological possibilities of treatment  for insulin resistance. 

Description of the state of knowledge 

Due to the increase in obesity and the metabolic syndrome, the number of people suffering from insulin resistance is constantly increasing.  In modern times, there are various diagnostic and therapeutic methods that affect the course of insulin resistance. Early detection and introduction of appropriate therapy become the main goal in preventing complications that may occur in the course of this disease.

 

Summary

Treatment methods for insulin resistance can be divided into two groups - non-pharmacological and pharmacological. Both of them are often used together in the form of combination therapy aimed at obtaining the best results in the treatment of insulin resistance. For people for whom known therapies do not work, researches for new treatments is becoming a hope.
Bratankowie Karola Wielkiego i rytuał królewskiego namaszczenia
Authors: Dalewski Zbigniew
Published: August 2022

Wychodząc od zawartej w Liber Pontificalis relacji o zabiegach władcy Longobardów Dezyderiusza, zmierzających do skłonienia papieża Hadriana I do namaszczenia na królów Franków bratanków Karola Wielkiego, artykuł podejmuje kwestię znaczenia rytuału królewskiego pomazania w legitymizacji władzy pierwszych karolińskich monarchów. Pokazuje, w jaki sposób zarówno na dworze karolińskim, jak i papieskim w drugiej połowie VIII w. i w początkach IX postrzegano ceremonię namaszczenia i udział w niej papieża oraz jakie treści łączono z nią w praktyce działań politycznych.
Stan wojenny w Królestwie Polskim (1861). Pierwsze przymiarki
Authors: Wiech Stanisław
Published: August 2022

Jednym ze skutków przegranej przez Rosję wojny krymskiej (1853–1856) było widoczne w Królestwie Polskim ożywienie polityczne. Liczne na początku lat sześćdziesiątych XIX w. demonstracje patriotyczno-religijne zmusiły władze rosyjskie do szukania sposobów powstrzymania polskich aspiracji politycznych, np. poprzez zaprowadzenie rządów wojskowo-policyjnych. Pierwsze przymiarki do wprowadzenia stanu wojennego w Królestwie Polskim i stanu oblężenia w Warszawie podjął w marcu 1861 r. namiestnik Michaił Gorczakow.
Dawny Lublin w naukowej karykaturze. W związku z książką Kamila Jakimowicza
Authors: Pilarczyk Piotr M.
Published: August 2022

Artykuł stanowi krytyczny rozbiór książki Kamila Jakimowicza dotyczącej Lublina czasów stanisławowskich. Praca oparta o bogaty materiał źródłowy i zapowiadająca innowacyjne spojrzenie na życie społeczne przez pryzmat działających w mieście instytucji, stanowi zagrożenie dla wiedzy o przeszłości. Na skutek niedostatków warsztatowych wprowadza do historiografii wiele błędnych treści.
El Festival Cultural Cerro de San Pedro (México): protesta y puesta en valor del patrimonio a partir del conflicto minero-ciudadano
Authors: Arista Castillo Leticia , Barrera Fernández Daniel
Published: August 2022

El turismo y la cultura dinamizan entornos por medio de la difusión y promoción del patri­monio en eventos culturales. Tal es el caso del Festival Cultural Cerro de San Pedro, en San Luis Potosí, México. El evento inició como un foro de protesta por la enajenación cultural, el despojo de la memoria histórica y la pérdida de identidad y del paisaje cultural a causa de la explotación minera. El objetivo es reflexionar sobre el uso del patrimonio como vehículo de politización y la creación del festival cultural como mecanismo de protesta, al tiempo que puesta en valor del patrimonio. La metodología contempla una revisión de la literatura y la aplicación de encuestas a los asistentes. Los resultados evidencian la pérdida de la significación cultural que dio origen al festival, una oferta turística diversificada y una fuerte utilización del patrimonio que deviene en baja sostenibilidad al ser solo zona de contacto.
Planificación territorial y recuperación del ferrocarril de cargas en la Argentina: una revisión crítica sobre la integración regional suramericana
Authors: Saus María Alejandra , Visentini César
Published: August 2022

Los ferrocarriles fueron impulsados por capitales extranjeros y promovidos por el Estado liberal argentino. En el siglo xx, al cambiar el modelo de desarrollo, el sistema entró en decadencia y su actual florecimiento ha sido publicitado para disminuir las desigualdades territoriales. Desde entonces, se han impulsado diversas estrategias de planificación a escala nacional y supranacio­nal. Sin embargo, la dinámica de los planes y proyectos está atada al devenir de la economía china, por ser este país el principal socio comercial e inversor de infraestructuras en América Latina. En consecuencia, las políticas regionales quedan nuevamente subordinadas a lógicas exógenas. A partir de un enfoque metodológico cualitativo, el artículo analiza documentos oficiales y se divide en tres partes: una exploración histórica del ferrocarril, un estudio crítico de la planificación territorial denominada neodesarrollista y una revisión de esos procesos a la luz del restablecimiento de políticas neoliberales.
Puerto de Lázaro Cárdenas, México. Una frontera mundial ignorada
Authors: Figueroa Alvarado Gloria Belén , García Espinosa Salvador
Published: August 2022

Uno de los principios que impulsaron las teorías del desarrollo regional, particularmente la de los polos de desarrollo, fue que el territorio puede constituir el recurso para fomentar el desarrollo de una localidad, siempre y cuando se generen políticas que permitan aprovechar y potenciar sus condicionantes geográficas. El objetivo del artículo es evidenciar cómo la actuación sectorial del gobierno mexicano no logró detonar un polo de desarrollo a partir de la siderúrgica Lázaro Cárdenas, sin embargo, su posterior operación por parte de la iniciativa privada fue pieza clave para convertir al puerto de Lázaro Cárdenas, en Michoacán, como enlace clave del comercio entre Asia Pacífico y Estados Unidos. La hipótesis que se sostiene refiere a la necesi­dad de otorgarle una condición de frontera, de forma similar a lo que acontece en la frontera norte entre México, como estrategia para impulsar el desarrollo regional alrededor del puerto.
Technical Note—Product-Based Approximate Linear Programs for Network Revenue Management
Authors: Zhang Rui , Samiedaluie Saied , Zhang Dan
Published: August 2022

A Novel and Promising Approximation for Network Revenue Management

In “Product-Based Approximate Linear Programs for Network Revenue Management,” Zhang, Samiedaluie, and Zhang propose a novel separable piecewise linear (SPL) approximation for the network revenue management problem. The coefficients of the proposed SPL approximation can be interpreted as each product’s revenue contribution to the value of each resource in a given period, which provides more granular information compared with the existing resource-based SPL approximation in the literature. The new approximation provides more flexibility for policy construction. Furthermore, the new approximation opens the opportunity to derive a set of valid inequalities to further improve the computational performance and achieve additional gains in the expected revenue. Computational experiments with instances of various network structures and parameters demonstrate its efficacy: the new approximation leads to bid-price policies generating higher expected revenues and demonstrates better performance in terms of both computational efficiency and numerical stability.
ANÁLISE SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA SOBRE RESILIÊNCIA NA ÁREA DE GESTÃO E NEGÓCIOS
Authors: Mueller Adilson , Santos Jane Lucia S
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste estudo é mapear as características da literatura científica recente sobre resiliência e analisar as temáticas centrais para o avanço das pesquisas na área de gestão e negócios. Por meio de técnicas e ferramentas bibliométricas foi realizada uma análise sistemática da literatura na base WOS-SSCI (Web of Science - Social Sciences Citation Index) – período de 2014 a 2019. Como resultado, foram identificados 1.077 artigos publicados em 273 periódicos e escritos por 2.713 autores filiados a 1.288 instituições de 81 países. Dentre outros resultados está uma rede de cocitações formada por 41 artigos e a análise de quatro clusters temáticos que representam duas correntes de pesquisa, a saber: resiliência de cadeias de suprimentos e resiliência organizacional. A análise sistemática permitiu traçar um mapa da literatura ao longo do tempo e apontar tópicos centrais para pesquisas futuras sobre resiliência no âmbito da área de gestão e negócios.