bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance of Several Coconut Coir Peeling Tools for Peeling Efficiency in Coconut Production Centers
Authors:   Sam Ratulangi University, Tooy D , Wetapo F ,   Sam Ratulangi University, Pasang P ,   Indonesian Palm Crops Instrument Standard Testing Institute, Langi TM ,   Sam Ratulangi University
Published: November 2024

In Indonesia, coconuts play a crucial role, and peeling them is essential for their utilization. Traditionally, coconuts were peeled manually using tools like machetes, but with the advancement of technology, machines are now being used to expedite the process. This study evaluated the performance of various coconut peeling machines in coconut production centers. The research methodology employed a combination of observational and descriptive approaches. Each peeling tool, including the traditional lewang, machete, and modern peeling devices, was tested using 150 samples of mature coconuts, ten nuts per trial using each of the three methods, and five replicates. The data collected was organized into tables and graphs to provide a descriptive analysis. The comprehensive study spanned over two months and took place at the Laboratory of the Indonesian Palm Crops Instrument Standard Testing Institute (IPALMSTI), situated in the agricultural lands beneath the coconut trees in the North Minahasa District, North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The study's findings revealed that, utilizing a modern coconut coir peeling machine reduced the peeling time significantly to 7.45 seconds, with a successful peeling rate of 241.48 nuts per 30 minutes. It was evident from the results that the optimization of peeling machines can have a substantial impact on productivity. Moreover, there is potential for enhancing the traditional lewang tool through ergonomic improvements or material enhancements to improve its performance. Considering these results, governments should consider providing subsidies to smaller coconut producers to facilitate the adoption of machine peeling tools. This initiative could enhance productivity and create new employment opportunities within the industry. The traditional lewang tool, with an average time of 9.48s, is relatively efficient but can be further improved. Ergonomic enhancements or material upgrades can reduce fatigue and increase speed. Providing ergonomic training for traditional tool users can also enhance efficiency. Governments or organizations can subsidize farmers or smaller producers to adopt machine peeling tools. Future solutions should merge technology with cost-effectiveness to benefit small-scale farmers. Key words: Coconut, peeling machine, coconut coir, agricultural engineering, efficient
Enough Food to Feed the World, yet so much goes to waste!
Authors:   African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, Oniang'o Ruth
Published: November 2024

Here we are again. In this last quarter of 2024, there have been many meetings and conferences on different aspects of the food systems. I am sure there are people who are moving from one meeting to another. What are they looking for, we may ask? I am sure they are looking for something not just new, but also relevant. The positive aspect here is the hyped attention to ending world hunger, and ending poverty as well. Clearly it is the poor who go hungry. From the last issue of AJFAND we published, there is growing interest in postharvest issues for better nutrition. Again, the question is: what is the point of pushing for increased productivity only to end up with more of it getting lost through bad management and lack of policy, lack of financing and lack of expertise?. This is where the discipline of Food Science and Technology plays a key role. From harvest to consumption, handling storage properly to avoid loss, cleaning, processing and packaging all require food scientists with different expertise. Food processors, food microbiologists, food packaging experts, food engineers, food lab analysts, food chemists, molecular scientists, space nutritionists, and many more are required. We agree there is enough food in the world to feed everyone. However, most of the extra we produce goes to waste. Also, a lot of what we produce goes towards making people obese, while others go without. And when we process it, we do not have enough expertise to make sure as much nutrition as possible is retained. Do you get what I am saying? This is the right time to engage on these crucial aspects. Let us highlight these issues going forward: capacity building, reducing waste, creating jobs, financing innovative projects, providing affordable financing, and thus addressing SDG2 (ending hunger by 2030) in a serious way. It requires political and good will all round. Our young people need hope, and there is no other way of doing this. There are many opportunities now in agripreneurship, not just to create jobs but also to feed Africa. There is no shortage of innovative minds and ideas. We need good policies and affordable financing to accompany all this. It is one good way of addressing SDG2, ending world hunger by 2030, and addressing youth unemployment.
CRISE CIVILIZATÓRIA: contribuições da extrema direita
Authors: Silva Ilse Gomes
Published: November 2024

O artigo analisa a crise civilizatória e as contribuições da extrema direita no processo constituinte dessa crise. O caráter multidimensional e sistêmico dessa crise expressa o quanto a humanidade e o planeta terra estão esgotados e a vida em risco de extinção. A crise civilizatória, oriunda do esgotamento dos recursos naturais do planeta, da expansão dos conflitos bélicos entre os Estados nacionais, da intolerância religiosa, das violências provocadas pelo racismo, pelo feminicídio e pela xenofobia, condena milhões de pessoas a uma situação de total exclusão do mínimo necessário à vida. O sinal amarelo foi acionado, o alerta de destruição está expresso na revolta da natureza, na ruptura dos laços de solidariedade, na banalização do mal, no abandono das alternativas coletivas e na desesperança em um mundo melhor.
FORMAÇÃO DA CONSCIÊNCIA DE CLASSE, HEGEMONIA E DEMOCRACIA: desafios frente à austeridade e ao avanço da extrema direita
Authors: Leher Roberto
Published: November 2024

O artigo discute desafios para a formação da consciência de classes no contexto de avanços de ideologias da extrema direita e de hegemonia mundial da austeridade (Mattei, 2023). O texto compartilha as críticas à tese do fim do trabalho em virtude da chamada revolução microeletrônica e em decorrência da financeirização, que estaria suprimindo o processo de produção no qual ocorre a exploração do trabalho. Advoga que, no capitalismo de hoje, existem mais trabalhadores e mais exploração e expropriação do trabalho. Sustenta que o não enfretamento da austeridade em nome da governabilidade abre as vias para partidos alternativos, a maioria deles de extrema direita, e acarreta distanciamento dos subalternos dos sindicatos e partidos de esquerda. Destaca, na conclusão, a importância de experiências internacionalistas e autônomas de classe, como as praticadas na Associação Internacional dos Trabalhadores.
A TECITURA DO SISTEMA DE GARANTIA DE DIREITOS EM TERRITÓRIO PERIFÉRICO PELA PERSPECTIVA DAS(OS) TRABALHADORAS(ES)
Authors: Loiola Gracielle Feitosa de , Silva Helyene Rose Cruz , Monteiro Priscila , Franco Abigail Aparecida de Paiva
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo apresenta reflexões teórico-críticas sobre o Sistema de Garantia de Direitos e a proteção integral de crianças e adolescentes. Parte dos achados da etapa três da pesquisa sobre “Infâncias, Juventudes, Famílias e Sistema de Garantia de Direitos após 30 anos do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente: um estudo a partir da cidade de São Paulo/SP”, realizada pelo Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Crianças e Adolescentes – ênfase no Sistema de Garantia de Direitos, com financiamento do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq. Na terceira etapa da pesquisa, procedeu-se a pesquisa de campo com integrantes do SGDCA e colocou-se a escutar os(as) trabalhadores(as) das políticas de educação, saúde, assistência social, sistema de justiça e conselho tutelar. Para essa escuta, elegeu-se o território do distrito do Grajaú, por seus altos índices de exclusão e sua grande extensão territorial. Um questionamento central guia a condução dessa etapa da pesquisa: “Como está se dando o acesso aos direitos fundamentais de crianças e adolescentes?”. As narrativas de trabalhadores(as) conduzem para a aproximação do intrincado emaranhado de fios, laços e nós que compõem a tecitura da garantia de direitos de crianças, adolescentes e suas famílias e as condições para a sustentação desse trabalho que se pretende organizado em rede.
ECOLOGIA POLÍTICA E BIODIVERSIDADE: conflitos socioambientais e metabolismo social
Authors: Sousa Antonio Paulino de , Oliveira Ana Caroline Amorim , Bandeira Arkley Marques , Cutrim Klauutenys Dellene Guedes
Published: November 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre a importância da ecologia política e a biodiversidade entendida como a variabilidade de seres vivos que habitam o planeta. O princípio é que não existe, de um lado, a política e, do outro, a natureza; toda política é definida em relação à natureza pelo fato de que cada propriedade e cada função depende davontade conflitiva de limitar e demarcar um território com a intencionalidade de orientar a vida pública a partir de uma economia política ortodoxa ou heterodoxa. A relação predatória imposta pelo capitalismo à natureza nos levou à uma criseecológica sistêmica dos diversos ciclos que compõem a biosfera. É da tomada de consciência política dos limites desse modelo de crescimento predatório e violento, posto como grande desafio para o controle da transformação climática que põe em risco a vida humana, que surgiu a ecologia política e os movimentos.
FACETAS DA PRECARIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO DOCENTE NO ENSINO SUPERIOR: ofensivas ultraneoliberais e ultraconservadoras no Brasil
Authors: Cruz Andreia Gomes da , Moura Aline de Carvalho , Nascimento Luciane da Silva , Costa Kleyton Vieira Sales , Accioly Inny Bello
Published: November 2024

O artigo objetiva apresentar reflexões acerca da exploração do trabalho docente no ensino superior, analisando as facetas da precarização e a destituição da autonomia pedagógica à luz do debate marxista sobre a “coisificação”. Através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, a investigação abarcou o fenômeno da precarização do trabalho tanto nas instituições públicas quanto nas privadas, apontando suas facetas, como o rebaixamento salarial, a precariedade dos contratos de trabalho, a plataformização do trabalho pelo uso de tecnologias digitais, a refuncionalização da universidade, a desvalorização, o cerceamento pedagógico e as ameaças à vida. Compreende-se que a atuação conjugada das frentes ultraneoliberal e ultraconservadora representa um ataque frontal ao direito à educação no Brasil.
CAPITALISMO-IMPERIALISMO ACTUAL: desafíos de los países del sur
Authors: Rios Olga Fernández
Published: November 2024

Se analiza sobre capitalismo-imperialismo actual y se reivindica la necesidad de procesos antiimperialistas contra las políticas que afectan el desarrollo de países del sur, en especial de América Latina y el Caribe. El objetivo es contribuir al análisis y concientización de problemáticas a jerarquizar en las políticas públicas y en las luchas emancipadoras por influir en la independencia y soberanía nacional, frente a la hegemonía del capital. Se reflexiona sobre brechas entre países desarrollados y subdesarrollados con impactos sociales y en los desequilibrios entre países. Se destacan las derivadas del dominio del conocimiento, la ciencia y la tecnología con muestras de desventajas de los países del sur en esas esferas. Se reconoce la iniciativa de la UNESCO para crear un consenso mundial a favor del despliegue de conocimiento y ciencia accesible para todos, legitimando el concepto “ciencia abierta”.
O ESTADO E A VIOLÊNCIA POLICIAL E DO SISTEMA PRISIONAL: identificando o racismo estrutural e estratégias de superação
Authors: Sena Francisca Maria Rodrigues , Eufrazio Francisco Flavio
Published: November 2024

Este artigo reflete sobre o racismo estrutural como determinante da violência e da violação de direitos sobre e da população negra. Tem por objetivo analisar a atuação repressiva e violenta do Estado burguês brasileiro para assegurar a produção material capitalista, que atualmente impõe a morte e/ou a prisão para a mencionada população historicamente subalternizada. Destarte, reflete sobre o encarceramento de mulheres negras e sobre o extermínio da população negra através das intervenções policiais. O artigo evidencia a importância da urgente ruptura desta injusta realidade e da construção de estratégias para o seu enfrentamento, pressupondo a necessidade de desconstrução e de superação da própria sociedade capitalista-racista-patriarcal.
OBSERVATÓRIO SOCIAL E DO TRABALHO NO MARANHÃO: um balanço dos resultados das pesquisas realizadas
Authors: Souza Salviana de Maria Pastor Santos , Pereira Maria Eunice Ferreira Damasceno , Lima Valéria Ferreira Santos de Almada
Published: November 2024

Texto construído com arrimo em pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e análise de dados secundários, referenciado nos conceitos de democracia, pobreza e trabalho. Seus objetivos centrais são: pensar sobre a contribuição dos observatórios sociais, instrumentos de democratização do espaço público, em contextos marcados pelo alargamento de movimentos antidemocráticos e de teorias e senso comum ultraconservadores, que colocam em questão certezas históricas como a democracia representativa; refletir sobre a questão da pobreza e sobre o comportamento do mercado de trabalho maranhense em comparação com o brasileiro, em diferentes conjunturas ao longo da década de 2000.
RELAÇÕES PÚBLICO-PRIVADO NA SAÚDE: crítica às organizações sociais
Authors: Vieira Ana Cristina de Souza , Barbosa Filho Evandro Alves , Mathis Adriana de Azevedo , Silva Alessandra Ximenes da , Silva Andrea Ferreira Lima da , Silva Maria Geremias da , Soares Raquel Cavalcante
Published: November 2024

O artigo analisa processos de privatização não clássica do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) nos estados Paraíba, Pará e Pernambuco com base no método do materialismo histórico-dialético. Utiliza dados da realidade obtidos em pesquisas realizadas nos três estados. Questiona as estratégias hegemônicas de construção de uma ideologia favorável à privatização não clássica na área de saúde, através de gerenciamento de unidades de saúde por organizações sociais em saúde. Indica o processo de privatização em curso, que reduz direitos dos usuários de saúde e de trabalhadores do SUS.
Eksplikacje perswazyjne: przypadek nauk społecznych
Authors: Węsierski Michał
Published: November 2024

Przedmiotem pracy jest jedna z podstawowych procedur metodologicznych służących analizie pojęciowej, jaką jest eksplikacja. W artykule uwaga skoncentrowana została na eksplikacjach perswazyjnych spotykanych na polu nauk społecznych. Praca zawiera ujęcie modelowe takich eksplikacji i analizę ich reprezentatywnych przykładów. W ramach omówienia zagadnień preliminaryjnych, komplementarnych wobec głównego wątku problemowego, w tekście podana także została ogólna charakterystyka języka nauk społecznych, oraz własności aparatury pojęciowej i aparatu terminologicznego będących składowymi tego języka, a także przedstawiono generalne uwagi na temat polaryzacji stanowisk epistemologicznych w naukach społecznych i humanistycznych.
How to monitor local objectives for urban climate change adaptation? Insights from quantitative content analysis of selected participatory budgets in the upper Silesian-Zagłębie Metropolis
Authors: Putkowska-Smoter Renata
Published: November 2024

Subsequent analyses of participatory budgeting in Poland emphasise the popularity of environmental issues such as greenery, air quality, and sustainable transport, which should also support objectives in urban climate change adaptation (UCCA). An increasing number of adaptation projects within local standards or ‘green’ civic budgets are often listed among the indicators in urban adaptation plans for Polish cities. However, available research studies and urban evaluation reports show that monitoring participatory budgets poses a methodological challenge. Therefore, the aim of the article is twofold. First, it proposes a method of identifying overlaps of urban climate change adaptation objectives with descriptions of projects submitted to local participatory budgets of the Upper Silesian-Zagłębie Metropolis. For this purpose, a dictionary-based text analysis of project descriptions was performed and critically examined. The second aim was to identify trends in urban climate change adaptation objectives. Thus, the quantitative distribution of coded descriptions was evaluated to investigate how subsequent types of participatory budgets (editions, green vs. standard, implemented vs. non-implemented) differed. The results demonstrate that the available database of participatory budget projects is a rich source of information on local preferences towards issues related to UCCA. To strengthen the objectives of urban climate change adaptation, city administrations can consider additional tools, such as UCCA-related tips/inspiration and targeted calls for projects, as well as supplementing participatory budgets with other deliberative methods. However, collecting precise and calculable data on this topic based on participatory budget databases requires both methodological adjustments and careful validation.
Użytkownicy kryptowalut w Polsce – wybrane charakterystyki
Authors: Mincewicz Wojciech
Published: November 2024

W artykule podjęto próbę scharakteryzowania użytkowników kryptowalut w Polsce. Charakterystyka obejmuje poziom zaufania do kryptowalut ich użytkowników, motywacje zakupu, stosunek do instytucji państwa oraz wybrane ich cechy społeczno-demograficzne. Empiryczną podstawę analiz stanowią badania ilościowe zrealizowane techniką CAWI wśród kryptouserów. Ustalono, że przeciętny użytkownik kryptowalut to młody, dobrze wykształcony mężczyzna, zamieszkujący duże miasto, zarabiający co najmniej średnią krajową, dostrzegający istotny potencjał w kryptowalutach, dla którego zakup stanowi inwestycję. Kryptouserzy interesują się polityką i uczestniczą w wyborach. W literaturowej części rozważań dokonano przeglądu literatury przedmiotu, wskazując na kryptowaluty jako nowe zjawisko społeczno-ekonomiczne, przedstawiono ich istotę i podstawowe cechy. Część trzecia publikacji prezentuje założenia metodologiczne pracy, część czwarta wyniki, a podsumowanie prac stanowi tradycyjne zakończenie. Integralnym elementem opracowania jest bibliografia.
Od bycia umiejscowionym do utraty własnego miejsca w świecie. Studium przypadku
Authors: Kutyło Łukasz
Published: November 2024

Przedmiotem uwagi w artykule uczyniono problem umiejscowienia się związany z: posiadaniem, poszukiwaniem lub/i utratą własnego miejsca w świecie. Wiele wskazuje na to, że zyskuje on współcześnie na znaczeniu, być może ze względu na przemiany towarzyszące ponowoczesności. Próbując lepiej zrozumieć to zjawisko, w artykule zaprezentowano wyniki analizy przypadku mężczyzny będącego obecnie w średnim wieku. Rozważając jego sytuację, skupiono się jednak na wcześniejszych etapach jego życia: od dzieciństwa, przez okres nastoletni, po okres wczesnej dorosłości, w którym doświadczył on egzystencjalnej bezdomności. W analizie jego przypadku skoncentrowano się na przeżyciach, jakie towarzyszyły mu na tych poszczególnych etapach życia, a także na tym, w jaki sposób próbował się do nich ustosunkować. Źródłem inspiracji dla analizy były: socjologia biograficzna i socjologia fenomenologiczna.
Rekomendacje giełdowe a ceny akcji
Authors: Keller Jakub
Published: November 2024

Problematyka efektywnego inwestowania niezmiennie jest tematem intrygującym i aktualnym. Ze względu na internetową rewolucję i galopujący rozwój technologii mobilnych dostęp do rynku kapitałowego ma coraz większa grupa osób. Rynek kapitałowy jest jednak środowiskiem bardzo dynamicznym i wymagającym od inwestorów szerokiej wiedzy oraz umiejętności kontroli przepływu istotnych informacji. W naturalny sposób pojawia się więc potrzeba tworzenia narzędzi wsparcia procesów inwestycyjnych, które poprawiłyby dostępność inwestycji giełdowych dla osób niebędących specjalistami z zakresu ekonomii i finansów. Niewątpliwie takimi narzędziami są wyceny w postaci rekomendacji.
W monografii omówiono możliwości wykorzystania opracowań przygotowywanych przez domy maklerskie w celu osiągania ponadprzeciętnych zysków w krótkoterminowym horyzoncie. Przedstawiono też wybrane cechy rekomendacji, które determinują ich faktyczny wpływ na ceny spółek. Prezentowane analizy pozwoliły na utworzenie narzędzi mogących zwiększyć poziom efektywności decyzji inwestycyjnych dokonywanych zarówno przez profesjonalnych, jak i indywidualnych inwestorów.
La metodología ch'ixi en la antiperformance: Palimpsesto
Authors: Pacahuala Mallqui Juliet Rashell , Marroquín Marroquín Sergio Leonardo
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo se enfoca en el proceso de la composición escénica del proyecto Antiperformance: Palimpsesto a través de lo ch'ixi como metodología performática. Lo ch'ixi hace referencia a la potencia en la contradicción permanente (Rivera Cusicanqui, 2018), lo cual confronta la cosmovisión dicotómica y estática de la tradición occidental colonial. Por esa razón, Rivera Cusicanqui propone la mirada ch'ixi como un enfoque que invita al sujeto colonizado a asumir las múltiples contradicciones que habita. En relación con este enfoque de naturaleza anticolonial, se plantea una metodología en las artes escénicas para abordar una performance anticolonial, como praxis enfocada en corporalidades que alteran su mirada colonizada. Para ello, el taypi o “espacio ch'ixi” (Rivera Cusicanqui, 2023) se reconoce como indispensable para comprender lo que acontece durante el contacto de las contradicciones perpetuas que detonan la energía crítica necesaria para generar una nueva mirada sensoperceptiva en el movimiento de cada corporalidad; de esta manera, el espacio escénico en la performance anticolonial es comprendido en las lógicas del taypi. El objetivo de este artículo es validar la metodología ch'ixi como paradigma que ata los saberes escénicos occidentales e indígenas, reconociendo su relevancia en los procesos de creación artística y desarrollando nuevas formas de percibir la composición escénica-performática.
Rito y desformance en la subalternización del ágora sodomizante
Authors: Fernandez Melchor Álvaro Eduardo
Published: November 2024

Este texto ofrece un análisis autoetnográfico de la acción performática Polvo de Caballo, realizada en 2023 por Antonio Palacios y artistas locales durante el 5.ͦ Encuentro Internacional de Performance “No Lo Haga Usted Mismo”, en Aguascalientes, México. La performance, ejecutada en la Plaza Jesús F. Contreras del Centro Histórico, presenta una reinterpretación crítica de los monumentos públicos del entorno. Además, se explora el concepto de desformance como rito, desde una interpretación hermenéutica, abarcando los personajes conceptuales de Deleuze y Guattari en ¿Qué es la filosofía? y confrontándolos con performances latinoamericanas que subvierten, modifican o destruyen iconos históricos y populares de la región. El análisis se enfoca en Polvo de Caballo con el fin de establecer un diálogo entre la teoría y la práctica del performance, entendiendo esta acción como un espacio dialéctico entre ambas. Esta interacción genera una "performatividad de la escritura", que extiende la experiencia vivida en el acto performático hacia un ámbito teórico y reflexivo, duplicando su impacto. Así, el performance no solo queda contenido en su ejecución, sino que se proyecta hacia un terreno escritural, amplificando su relevancia más allá del momento performático inicial.
Camasca, una ofrenda escénica en Amantaní, Puno (Perú)
Authors: Vargas Salgado Carlos , Pestana Ana Beatriz
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo discute los elementos generativos de la propuesta Camasca, una ofrenda escénica en Amantaní (agosto de 2024), a partir de un planteamiento sobre la validez de los conceptos de teatro, estética y epistemología a la hora de dar cuenta de discursos performativos presentes en festividades, rituales y otros eventos similares en el mundo andino. Asimismo, el artículo discute las nociones andinas presentes en la obra, así como la función y el valor de los oráculos tanto en el pasado como en nuestros días, como presencia velada. El texto propone compartir el enfoque general que la puesta pone en práctica y avanza conclusiones teóricas sobre el proyecto.
Shelterbelt and Windbreak Research in Arid India: A Review of Research Advances and Future Directions
Authors: Sheetal K.R. , . Birbal , Renjith P.S. , Subbulakshmi V. , Patel Abhishek , Soni M.L. , Kumar R.
Published: November 2024

Shelterbelts and windbreaks play a crucial role in enhancing agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability, particularly in arid regions where harsh climatic conditions pose significant challenges to land use. In India, where a substantial portion of the landscape is characterized by dry, aridand semi-arid conditions, the strategic implementation of windbreaks can mitigate soil erosion, reduce evaporationand enhance microclimatic conditions for crops. Globally, research in this area has gained momentum as the impacts of climate change intensify, further exacerbating the vulnerabilities of these fragile ecosystems. In India, the technology was practiced diligently to control movement of sand dunesand to stop desertification extending further from the Thar desert. By integrating native tree species and adopting region-specific management practices, studies have shown that shelterbelts/ windbreaks can significantly improve soil fertility and crop yield, while also providing habitats for biodiversity and other ecosystem services. Furthermore, the socio-economic benefits for local communities, such as improved livelihoods and resilience against climatic extremes, underline the importance of windbreak research in these regions. This review aims to synthesize existing knowledge on windbreak and shelterbelt practices in India’s arid landscapes, highlighting successful cases, trends in research and potential pathways for future research. By examining the multifaceted benefits of these ecological structures, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of their role in promoting sustainable agricultural practices and enhancing resilience in vulnerable communities and opening vistas for future research.
Evaluating Secondary Metabolites from Extracts of Mimusops elengi to Assess its Antimicrobial Activity Against Human Pathogens
Authors: Das Leena , Kamble Vilas A.
Published: November 2024

An investigation was conducted to determine the possible phytochemical components from the methanolic, ethanolic and chloroform extracts of Mimusops elengi. Among the phytochemical screening of these extracts, methanolic extract showed that the whole plant was rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds and saponins. The study was extended by analysing the potent bioactive compounds in various extracts of Mimusops elengi using GC/MS and analyzing their functional groups using FTIR to establish the antibacterial and antifungal properties of the plant extract against bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) and fungal pathogens (Candida albicans), for which the M. elengi plant has been significantly used as a multidrug constituent. The major compounds identified by GC/MS were cis pinen-3-ol, undecanoic acid, 3 carene, citronellol, hexadecenoic acid, caryophyllene, dodecanedioic acid and vitamin A aldehyde. These compounds have different therapeutic and antimicrobial effects. The methanolic extracts of the plant were found to be more effective against these two bacteria (S. aureus and E. coli) and fungi (C. albicans) compared with the ethanolic and chloroform extracts. The findings and results of this paper could help to evaluate and assess the therapeutic multipurpose use of M. elengi more rationally and can create an awareness of the need for in situ conservation of this most wanted medicinal plant.
Optimizing Variation in Agronomic Traits of Cymbopogon flexuosus and Cymbopogon winterianus in Different Treatments and Altitude of Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Gupta Riya , Lodhiyal Neelu , Tamta Sushma , Mishra Niranjan
Published: November 2024

Cymbopogon flexuosus and Cymbopogon winterianus are aromatic grasses, valued for essential oils. This study aims to develop propagation protocol for C. flexuosus and C. winterianus also evaluating transplanted seedling performance at altitudes ranging from 400 to 1900 m in Uttarakhand, India. Stumps were sterilized using a solution of 1% tween 20 and 1% bavistin for 20 minutes. Twenty-five stumps in triplicates (10 cm in length) were used for each treatment. Organic fertilizers used were manure, organic compost, vermicompost, organic compost + vermicompost. Inorganic fertilizers used were urea (46 mg N kg-1), NPK (12-32–16 mg kg-1), DAP (18–46-0 mg kg-1), NPK+urea and DAP+urea. Auxins used were IAA, IBA and NAA at concentrations of 250, 500 and 1000 mg L-1. The result indicates, that sprouting was 100% in C. flexuosus and C. winterianus. Plant growth of one year treated with DAP+urea exhibited maximum plant height(121.00, 115.33 cm), tiller/clump (107, 84), leaves/tiller (6.67, 7.33), and herbage weight/plant (1027.96, 990.67 g/plant) in C. flexuosus and C. winterianus respectively. Altitude and treatment showed significant growth response at p ≤ 0.05 in growth of C. flexuosus and C. winterianus. Maximum plant height (125.13, 125.00 cm), tillers/clump (115.33, 95.00), leaf area (4358.67, 5721 mm2), herbage weight/ plant (1200.93, 1227.85 g/plant) and seed number/plant (377.67, 311.33) was observed in DAP+urea at an altitude of 400 m. Root length (73.70; 70.60 cm) was maximum in NAA 250 mg L-1 at an altitude of 400 m in C. flexuosus and C. winterianus respectively. This study recommends use of DAP+urea for mass cultivation of each species at various altitudes and agro-climatic conditions; thereby ensuring efficient protocol for mass cultivation and genetic heterogeneity.
Extraction and Spectrophotometric Determination of Chlorophyll Content and Carotenoids from Cocos nucifera L. Leaf using Various Solvents in Saurashtra Region
Authors: Kotecha Jalpa L. , Ram Vijay R.
Published: November 2024

Chlorophyll and carotenoids are significant photosynthetic pigments present in higher plants, algae and cyanobacteria. Plants contain three major pigments called chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and chlorophyll c. Chlorophyll participates in the photosynthesis process, which transforms light energy into chemical energy. Species differences in chlorophyll pigment concentration exist. Orange, yellow and vivid red colors in vegetables and fruits are due to carotenoids. The health of plants is significantly influenced by these two pigments. In addition to having excellent antioxidant qualities, chlorophylls and carotenoids show therapeutic effects on oxidative and inflammatory disorders. They also possess anti-cancer effects. Chlorophyll and carotenoids support healthy blood coagulation and help in protecting skin, hormonal balancing, and deodorization. The major objective of this study is to identify plant with a high content of carotenoids and chlorophyll since both of these bioactive compounds have several applications in herbal medicine. In the current work, carotenoids and chlorophyll were extracted from three varieties of Cocos nucifera L. – Dwarf, DT and tall of Veraval coastof Saurashtra region, Gujarat using DMSO, methanol, diethyl ether and 80% acetone. The amounts of chlorophyll and carotenoids were measured using a spectrophotometer. Maximum extraction of chlorophyll and carotenoids was found in methanol and DMSO from the leaves of the dwarf variety of C. nucifera L.
Lacunae of Microbial Study along the Bhavnagar coast
Authors: Gosai Hardik , Mankodi Pradeep
Published: November 2024

Soil microorganisms account for a large portion of the Earth's biodiversity and play an important part in biogeochemistry cycles (BGC) and ecosystem functioning. It is difficult to comprehend the variety of this diverse microbial population in the soil environment. Soil microbes play an important role in organic matter decomposition, mineral nutrient release, and nutrient cycle. Microorganisms and their microbial activity are one of the soil health metrics; they may also be used as a bioindicator of pollution. Extensive research has been focused on soil microbial diversity. The Bhavnagar coast has anthropogenic activity such as industries near the coast, a ship-breaking yard (Alang and Sosiya Ship Breaking Yard), and human influence. This review covers microbiological research conducted along the Bhavnagar coast of Gujarat, India which has concrete identification methods such as 16S rRNA gene sequencing, BiologTM microtitre plate approach, in-depth biochemical test, and other authentic identification methods. The Bhavnagar coast has been less studied in terms of microorganisms, and more research has to be done in undiscovered areas.
The use of adjuvant chemotherapy in cats with mammary carcinomas undergoing surgical removal.
Authors: Gonzalez-Ormerod Gabriela
Published: November 2024

PICO Question
In cats with mammary carcinomas undergoing surgical removal, does the addition of adjuvant chemotherapy compared with surgical removal alone result in increased survival time?
 
Clinical bottom line
Category of research
Treatment.
Number and type of study designs reviewed
Five retrospective cohort studies were critically reviewed.
Strength of evidence
Weak.
Outcomes reported
In cats with mammary carcinomas undergoing surgical removal, the addition of adjuvant chemotherapy compared with surgical removal alone was significantly associated with an increase in disease-specific survival time in one of the studies. This statistical significance was not found in the other four papers.
Conclusion
All five studies reviewed presented weak evidence for the clinical question due to their retrospective nature and weak study design. It is, therefore, concluded that there is not enough evidence to suggest that cats with mammary carcinomas that have undergone surgical treatment will have a longer survival time if treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. More prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blinded studies are needed to understand the clinical significance of adjuvant chemotherapy in cats with mammary carcinomas.
Long-term evolution of signs and symptoms in contact lens wearers
Authors: Valencia-Nieto Laura , López-de la Rosa Alberto , López-Miguel Alberto , González-García María J.
Published: November 2024

The purposes of the study were to describe the evolution of contact lens (CL) prescription patterns during a long-term period in the same sample of CL wearers evaluated in a protocolized manner, and to determine the predisposing factors responsible for the changes observed in CL fittings. Data on clinical files (CL type, wearing time, visual acuity, symptoms, and clinical signs) of CL wearers who attended a Spanish eye setting between 2010 and 2020 were collected. The profile of CL wearers was compared between 2010 and 2020. The CL characteristics were compared between CL types, replacements, and designs. Finally, factors predicting a change in CL fitting were assessed. Seventy-four CL wearers (28 men and 46 women) aged 39.0 ± 9.1 years old were included. Silicone hydrogel (p = 0.01) and daily disposable (p < 0.001) CL fittings increased during the follow-up period. The main reasons for CL refitting were the appearance or increase of clinical signs and/or symptoms. CL wearing time and visual acuity differed between CL types and replacements (p ≤ 0.02). Both, rigid and conventional replacement CL wear were associated with a lower probability of CL fitting changes (p ≤ 0.03). In conclusion, this study provides useful clinical information about the profile of successful long-term CL wearers in the last decade. Adequate aftercare examinations of long-term CL wearers can avoid worsening of signs and symptoms. Hydrogel and frequent replacement CL wearers are more likely to undergo CL refitting when compared to rigid corneal and conventional CL wearers.
Amélioration génétique de l'Okoumé : suite et fin
Authors: Grison François
Published: November 2024

La première partie de cet article a été publiée dans le numéro précédent. L'auteur y traitait de la variabilité génétique de l'Okoumé et de l'héritabilité de certains de ses caractères.Cette deuxième partie traite de la reproduction végétative et de la reproduction sexuée de cette espèce.Dans le premier cas, le marcottage est possible, mais la technique est difficile. C'est pourquoi le greffage ou le bouturage sont souvent préférés, mais là encore de nouveaux essais sont nécessaires avant d'envisager une utilisation industrielle de la multiplication par bouturage.L'étude de la reproduction sexuée a montré que l'Okoumé est une espèce dioïque, les fleurs femelles étant décrites pour la première fois. Elle a également révélé que l'Okoumé est une espèce allogame.
Evaluation of the physicochemical properties of intracanal medications used in traumatized teeth
Authors: Macedo Patricia Almeida da Silva de , Vieira Walbert de Andrade , Gabriel Paulo Henrique , Vasconcelos Karla de Faria , Haiter Neto Francisco , Cerqueira Neto Ana Carolina Correia Laurindo de , Gomes Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida , Frozoni Marcos Roberto dos Santos , Soares Adriana de Jesus
Published: November 2024

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the solubility, flow and radiopacity of Calen (SS White Artigos Dentários Ltd, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), Calen with zinc oxide (Calen/ZnO), calcium hydroxide + zinc oxide + 2% chlorhexidine (CH/ZnO/CHX), Calplus and Ultracal XS. Methods: 28 bovine incisor specimens were standardized, instrumented and filled with pastes with the aid of a centrix syringe. To assess solubility, the root canals of acrylic teeth (N = 10) were filled with the previously mentioned pastes and scanned by using micro–computed tomography before (initial) and after 7 days of immersion in ultrapure water. The solubility of each specimen was the difference between the initial and final volume. Flow properties were analysed according to the ISO 6876/2012 standard. Radiopacity was radiographically analysed by using Image J software. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (alpha 5%). Results: CH/ZnO/CHX and Calplus presented similar values regarding radiopacity. The group composed of Calen paste showed higher flow values. As for solubility, CH/ZnO/ CHX showed lower volume loss, but there was no statistical difference compared to other medications. Conclusion: The medication composed of calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide and 2% chlorhexidine is a suitable alternative for use in traumatized teeth.
Self-perceived oral health, toothbrushing frequency and quality of life of patients undergoing cancer treatment
Authors: Parreiras Sheila Souza , Barbosa Mariane Carolina Faria , Machado Bárbara Maria de Souza Moreira , Fernandes Leandro Araújo , Oliveira Eduardo José Pereira , Lima Daniela Coêlho de
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of both exposures self-perceived oral health and daily brushing frequency and the outcome quality of life of cancer patients. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, carried out with 399 cancer patients treated by an institution in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Tooth brushing frequency and self-perceived oral health were obtained through interviews and quality of life through the EORTC QLQ-C30 instrument. Statistical analysis consisted of descriptive and bivariate analyses followed by the use of multiple linear generalized models. Results: Most participants reported self-perception of good oral health (89.2%), being that 55.6% brush their teeth three or more times daily. Better quality of life was observed in the social capacity and diarrhea subscales, whereas worse quality of life was recorded in the insomnia and emotional capacity subscales. Self-perceived poor oral health was associated with worse quality of life scores in two symptoms [fatigue (p = 0.007) and pain (p = 0.024)] and the following subscales: functional capacity (p = 0.006), emotional capacity (p = 0.013), cognitive capacity (p = 0.008), and social capacity (p = 0.022), independently of socioeconomic and health conditions. Tooth brushing frequency was not associated with any subscale. Conclusion: Self-perception of poor oral health was associated with a worse quality of life, however, the frequency of toothbrushing did not affect the quality of life of cancer patients.
Absence of inhibitory effects of two new glucanases on streptococcus mutans growth
Authors: Xavier-Queiroz Mateus , Hamann Pedro Ricardo Viera , Åmdal Heidi Aarø , Polikarpov Igor , Petersen Fernanda Cristina , Ricomini-Filho Antônio Pedro
Published: November 2024

Glucanohydrolases have shown promise in degrading exopolysaccharides in cariogenic biofilms, making them a potential strategy for biofilm control without disrupting the oral microbiota. However, their direct antimicrobial effects remain unclear. Aim: To determine the antimicrobial activity on S. mutans of two newly discovered glucanases characterized by our group, PmGH87 (mutanase) from Prevotella melaninogenica and CoGH66 (dextranase) from Capnocytophaga ochracea, using a commercial dextranase from Penicillum sp. as a control. Methods: Their effects on growth were assessed using a luciferase reporter system coupled with the promoter of the ldh gene in Streptococcus mutans. Results: Quantification of optical density and luminescence over a 10-hour growth period revealed that the commercial dextranase exhibited inhibitory effects on S. mutans growth. However, these effects were neutralized by heat treatment, suggesting the presence of a heat-sensitive contaminant or an additional antimicrobial property associated with the commercial dextranase from Penicillum sp. On the other hand, the purified mutanase and dextranase enzymes had no inhibitory effect on S. mutans growth. Conclusion: In conclusion, the absence of inhibitory effects on S. mutans growth by the newly discovered enzymes emphasizes their potential for biofilm control while preserving the delicate balance of the oral microbiota and preventing the emergence of resistance.
Effects of precuring heating modalities on the shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index of orthodontic adhesive
Authors: Al-Qassar Sarmad Sobhi Salih , Ahmed Mahmood Kh , Alsaleem Niam Riyadh
Published: November 2024

Aim: This study aimed to investigate precuring adhesive and bracket heating\cooling protocol on shear bond strength (SBS) and adhesive remnant index (ARI). Methods: 70 newly extracted lower premolars categorized randomly into 7 groups (n = 10 (ten teeth each)) according to adhesive and/or brackets temperatures. Pre-curing, the 3M Transbond PlusTM XT adhesive temperature was adjusted to 5, 22, 40, 70°C, while the brackets were stored at 5, 55°C before bonding. Also, adhesive and brackets were heated by tooth dryer before curing representing the seventh group. The samples were stored in deionized water for 24h at 37°C in dark incubator before debonding by universal testing machine. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post Hoc Tukey statistical tests were performed for SBS analysis, while Kruskal Wallis test analyzed ARI data (α=0.05). Results: Significant differences were found among the groups regarding SBS and ARI where p = 0.00, 0.024 respectively. SBS significantly increased when the adhesive temperature modified to 5°C and 70°C and brackets temperature adjusted to 5°C and 55°C. Also, heating the adhesive and brackets by tooth dryer generated peak SBS. While, heating the adhesive to 40°C declined SBS significantly. Conclusions: Lowering the temperature of the adhesive and/or brackets to 5°C and elevation their temperature above 55°C pre-curing has favorable effects on SBS. Storing the adhesive at 40°C before bonding showed reductions in SBS. Also, heating both the adhesive and brackets pre-curing formed all-out SBS with reduced ARI.
MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS FOR ELEMENTARY TO SECONDARY SCHOOL FOUND IN THE AL-JABBAR MOSQUE: AN ETHNOMATHEMATICS STUDY
Authors: Hasanah Nur Riski , Turmudi Turmudi , Juandi Dadang
Published: November 2024

A meaningful learning process for students can be done by linking mathematics with real contexts and applied with approaches that are in accordance with the characteristics of students. Ethnomathematics studies include various forms of cultural products related to mathematical concepts and activities in the form of buildings, artefacts, social activities, or in various cultural products. In this study, mathematical concepts will be studied in the form of buildings architecture, namely the Al-Jabbar mosque. This research aims to find mathematical concepts in the Al-Jabbar mosque that can be raised in the learning process in the classroom. The method used is qualitative research. Data analysis techniques with literature study, documentation, field observation, and document analysis. The results of the study are many mathematical concepts contained in the Al-Jabbar mosque and can be raised in classroom learning, namely the concept of area under a parabolic curve, parabolic curve equation, integral, geometry transformation (rotation, dilation, reflection, translation), one-dimensional geometry concepts (point, lines and angles), two-dimensional geometry (various triangles, quadrilaterals, circles), three-dimensional geometry (Hemisphere, prisms, tubes), and number patterns. All concepts found are important materials in learning mathematics in elementary to secondary schools so that they can be integrated in the mathematics learning.  Keywords: Ethnomathematics, Al-Jabbar Mosque, Mathematical Concepts, Elementary School, Secondary School.
Pemetaan Obyek Dan Daya Tarik Wisata Dalam Pengembangan Ekowisata Berbasis Agroforestri Pada Gapoktan Pujo Makmur Kabupaten Pesawaran
Authors: Harianto Sugeng P , Surnayanti Surnayanti , Tsani Machya Kartika , Santoso Trio , Jaya Nuril Atma , Rufaidah Erlina
Published: November 2024

Ekowisata berbasis masyarakat merupakan pengembangan suatu tempat salah satunya di Gapoktan Pujo Makmur, Kabupaten Pesawaran, Provinsi Lampung melalui sektor pariwisata. Pengembangan ini memanfaatkan potensi sumber daya alam dan budaya yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat sebagai obyek dan daya tarik wisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemetaan obyek dan daya tarik ekowisata berbasis agroforestri pada Gapoktan Pujo Makmur guna memberikan informasi dasar untuk pengembangannyakepada para pihak terkait . Metode pengumpulan  data menggunakan aplikasi Avenza Maps dan ArcGIS untuk pengambilan titik awal dan penelusuran sampai titik akhir. Selanjutnya data di analisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya elemen penting selama penelusuran seperti pemukiman, jembatan, masjid, dan lahan agroforestri yang semuanya merupakan obyek dan daya tarik wisata. Penelitian ini memberikan informasi dasar dalam pengembangan ekowisata berbasis agroforestripada Gapoktan Pujo Makmur. Lahan agroforestri didominasi oleh tanaman durian, kapulaga, kemiri, pala sehingga dapat menarik wisatawan untuk berkunjung berwisata. Disamping itu terdapat air terjun Kedung Gajah yang terbentuk dari bebatuan yang merupakan potensi signifikan dalam pengembangan ekowisata agroforestri Gapoktan Pujo Makmur.