bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Undernutrition and laterality of the corpus luteum affects gene expression in oviduct and uterus of pregnant ewes
Authors: De Brun V. , Abecia J. A. , Fernandez-Foren A. , Carriquiry M. , Forcada F. , Vazquez I. , Meikle A. , Sosa C.
Published: December 2013

The effect of undernutrition on gene expression of progesterone and oestrogen receptors (PGR and ESR1), and insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 (IGF1 and IGF2) in the uterus and oviducts of ewes on day 5 after oestrus was investigated. The effect of the side of the uterus/oviduct regarding the ovary bearing a corpus luteum (CL) (ipsi vs. contralateral) was also analyzed. Fourteen oestrous synchronized ewes were fed either 1.5 (C, n=7) or 0.5 (L, n=7) times their maintenance requirements from the onset of the hormonal treatment (day -14), till slaughter on day 5 post-oestrus. Oviducts and samples of uterus were collected and their gene expression studied by real time RT-PCR. Undernourished ewes had greater PGR expression in the oviduct than control ewes, but lower expression of IGF1 in uterus and of IGF2 in oviducts. The ipsilateral oviduct presented lower expression of PGR, ESR1 and IGF2 mRNA than the contralateral one, but this did not occur in the uterus. In conclusion, there is an effect of undernutrition on gene expression that is transcript and organ dependent (uterus/oviduct). This work reports for the first time that growth factors and sex steroid receptor expression on day 5 after oestrus vary depending on the side of the CL-bearing ovary and the region of the reproductive tract.
Farm size and growth in field crop and dairy farms in France, Hungary and Slovenia
Authors: Bakucs Z. , Bojnec S. , Ferto I. , Latruffe L.
Published: December 2013

The aim of this article is to investigate the relationship between size and farm growth. The existing theories of the association between size and farm growth give mixed results by countries and over time. This paper pursues a twofold objective: on one hand, to test the validity of Gibrat’s Law for French, Hungarian and Slovenian specialized dairy and crop farms during the pre- and post-accession period to the European Union membership. Dairy and crops farms are prevailing in the farming structure of these countries. Using Farm Accountancy Data Network datasets makes it necessary to avoid biases due to heterogeneous structures across the farming systems. Thus we use quantile regressions to control for farm size related heterogeneity in the samples. On the other hand, the main novelty of this paper is the comparative analysis of the relationship between farm size and farm growth between transition Hungarian and Slovenian and non-transition French farming sectors, characterized by rather different farm structures. The results reject the validity of Gibrat’s Law for crop farms in Hungary and to a lesser extent in France, and for French and Slovenian dairy farms. We provide evidence that smaller farms grew faster than larger ones over the studied period 2001-2007 for France, 2001-2008 for Hungary, and 2004-2008 for Slovenia. Conversely, the results for Slovenia suggest that the rate of growth of crop farms in terms of its land is independent from its size.
Canary tomato export prices: comparison and relationships between daily seasonal patterns
Authors: Martin-Rodriguez G. , Caceres-Hernandez J. J.
Published: December 2013

Statistical procedures are proposed to describe, compare and forecast the behaviour of seasonal variations in two daily price series of Canary tomato exported to German and British markets, respectively, over the last decade. These seasonal patterns are pseudo-periodic as the length of the seasonal period changes frequently in dependence of market conditions. Seasonal effect at a day in the harvesting period is defined as a spline function of the proportion of the length of such a period elapsed up to such a day. Then, seasonal patterns for the two series are compared in terms of the area between the corresponding spline functions. The ability of these models to capture the dynamic process of change in the seasonal pattern is useful to forecasting purpose. Furthermore, an analytical tool is also proposed to obtain forecasts of the seasonal pattern in one of these two series from the forecasts of the seasonal pattern in the other one. These procedures are useful for farmers in developing strategies related to the seasonal distribution of tomato production exported to each market.
Economic assessment at farm level of the implementation of deficit irrigation for quinoa production in the Southern Bolivian Altiplano
Authors: Cusicanqui J. , Dillen K. , Garcia M. , Geerts S. , Raes D. , Mathijs E.
Published: December 2013

In the Southern Bolivian Altiplano recent research has suggested to introduce deficit irrigation as a strategy to boost quinoa yields and to stabilize it at 2.0 ton ha-1. In this study we carried out an economic assessment of the implementation of deficit irrigation at farm level using a hydro-economic model for simulating profit for quinoa production. As input of the model we worked with previously developed farms typology (livestock, quinoa and subsistence farms), simulated quinoa production with and without irrigation using AquaCrop model, and calculated yield response functions for four different climate scenarios (wet, normal, dry and very dry years). Results from the hydro-economic model demonstrate that maximum profit is achieved with less applied irrigated water than for maximum yield, and irrigated quinoa earned more profit than rainfed production for all farms types and climate scenarios. As expected, the benefits of irrigation under dry and very dry climate conditions were higher than those under normal and wet years, and benefits among farms types were higher for quinoa farms. In fact, profit of irrigated quinoa might be stabilized at around BOB 6500 ha-1 (about USD 920) compared with the huge differences found for rainfed conditions for all climate scenarios. Interestingly, the economic water productivity, expressed in terms of economic return for amount of applied irrigated water (BOB mm-1), reached the highest values with intermediate and low level of water availability schemes of deficit irrigation for all climate scenarios.
Identification of seed-related QTL in Brassica rapa
Authors: Bagheri H. , Pino-Del-Carpio D. , Hanhart C. , Bonnema G. , Keurentjes J. , Aarts M. G. M.
Published: December 2013

To reveal the genetic variation, and loci involved, for a range of seed-related traits, a new F2 mapping population was developed by crossing Brassica rapa ssp. parachinensis L58 (CaiXin) with B. rapa ssp. trilocularis R-o-18 (spring oil seed), both rapid flowering and self-compatible. A linkage map was constructed using 97 AFLPs and 21 SSRs, covering a map distance of 757 cM with an average resolution of 6.4 cM, and 13 quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected for nine traits. A strong seed colour QTL (LOD 26) co-localized with QTL for seed size (LOD 7), seed weight (LOD 4.6), seed oil content (LOD 6.6), number of siliques (LOD 3) and number of seeds per silique (LOD 3). There was only a significant positive correlation between seed colour and seed oil content in the yellow coloured classes. Seed coat colour and seed size were controlled by the maternal plant genotype. Plants with more siliques tended to have more, but smaller, seeds and higher seed oil content. Seed colour and seed oil content appeared to be controlled by two closely linked loci in repulsion phase. Thus, it may not always be advantageous to select for yellow-seededness when breeding for high seed oil content in Brassicas.
Field efficacy against the hazelnut weevil, Curculio nucum and short-term persistence of entomopathogenic nematodes
Authors: Batalla-Carrera L. , Morton A. , García-del-Pino F.
Published: December 2013

The hazelnut weevil, Curculio nucum L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a pest affecting hazelnut orchards in Europe, with an important economical repercussion. Its potential control, short-term field persistence and the vertical distribution of native entomopathogenic nematode strains were tested in Muntanyes de Prades, Tarragona (NE Iberian Peninsula) over two consecutive years. Steinernema feltiae strain D114, Steinernema sp. strain D122 and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora strain DG46 were used in summer and spring applications at a dosage of 5·105 IJs m-2. The three nematode species reduced the hazelnut weevil population, ranging from 32% to 88% efficacy, without significant differences in efficacy or between the two applications. Persistence evaluation was carried out during 9 weeks for S. feltiae (D114), Steinernema sp. (D122) and H. bacteriophora (DG46) and showed all species capable of lasting for this period. Nematodes and larval vertical distribution was assessed. Most of the hazelnut weevil stayed within the first 25 cm although some were found as deep as 40 cm. Entomopathogenic nematodes were found along all 40 cm depth. This study proves the suitability of entomopathogenic nematodes to control the hazelnut weevil.
Aphid populations (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) depend of mulching in watermelon production in the Mediterranean region of Croatia
Authors: Zanic K. , Ban D. , Gotlin Culjak T. , Goreta Ban S. , Dumicic G. , Haramija J. , Znidarcic D.
Published: December 2013

Winged morphs of aphids were investigated under field conditions during 2008, 2010 and 2011 in the Mediterranean region of Croatia. Field experiments were conducted to record aphid diversity and compare polyethylene black mulch to straw mulch and bare soil in terms of their attractiveness to aphid species in a watermelon crop. Aphids were collected weekly using yellow water metal traps from May to July. During the study, 44 species in 31 genera were detected; 36 species in 24 genera were identified in 2008, 18 species in 15 genera were identified in 2010, and 34 species in 25 genera were identified in 2011. The overall seasonal percentage composition showed that Aphis fabae Scopoli and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) were consistently eudominant species, whereas Acyrtosiphon pisum (Harris) was consistently dominant. Cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) was determined as the dominant species in 2008 and as eudominant species in 2011. Additionally, Macrosiphum rosae (L.) was twice recorded as the dominant species, whereas Aphis gossipii Glover was dominant once, and Phorodon humuli (Schrank) was eudominant once. Our study also demonstrated that mulching sporadically affected the abundance of individual species. The attractiveness of mulching for aphid species differed between the treatments. It was found that bare soil was attractive to A. pisum and M. rosae, black mulch was attractive to B. helichrysi and P. humuli, and straw mulch was attractive to four aphid species, of which two were eudominant, A. fabae and M. persicae. The presented species are mostly polyphagous, and their preference for certain mulches can be used in crop protection management.
Meat quality of veal: Discriminatory ability of weaning status
Authors: Pateiro M. , Lorenzo J. M. , Diaz S. , Gende J. A. , Fernandez M. , Gonzalez J. , Garcia L. , Rial F. J. , Franco D.
Published: December 2013

The physicochemical and fatty acid compositions of meat from 81 calves were measured in order to prove whether the extension of suckling period could distinguish “Normal” from “Suprema” class calves. Three groups of animals were investigated depending on their weaning status: NW (animals were milk-fed until seven months), W1 and W2 (animals which were weaned at different ages and reared either in family farms or in feedlot, respectively). There was no difference among animals in relation to the main components (moisture, protein and ash). Significant differences (p<0.05) were found regarding intramuscular fat; the contents were higher in animals weaned at early ages. Color and texture parameters were significantly affected by weaning status. The intramuscular fatty acid composition in the three types of animals showed that saturated fatty acids were the predominant ones in the three groups with values ranging between 48.71% and 49.52% of total methyl esters. Significant differences (p<0.001) were found depending on weaning status in linolenic acid and in the n-6/n-3 ratio, obtaining the highest values in NW animals. Factor analysis method using principal component was applied to the data. The data matrix constructed was subjected to a canonical discriminant analysis in order to classify the NW, W1 and W2 groups. These results showed that 96.6% for the NW group, and 66.7% and 82.4% for W1 and W2 groups respectively, were correctly classified.
Technical efficiency of Greek olive growing farms: a robust approach with panel data
Authors: Kourtesi S. , Fousekis P. , Polymeros A.
Published: December 2013

The assessment of technical efficiency in the agricultural sector and the influence of exogenous (environmental) variables on the production process has been a major topic of economic research especially for managers and policy makers. The methological innovation of the present study involves the impact of environmental variables on efficiency and the utilization of panel data for the empirical analysis. This has been pursued using full nonparametric robust frontier techniques (the alpha-quantile estimator) and a panel data set of olive growing farms in Greece from the Farm Accountancy Data Network of the EU. According to the empirical results, the ratio of owned to total land, the ratio of family to total labor, the degree of specialization, and a farm’s location have a statistically significant impact on performance, which is not constant but varies over the 2006 to 2009 period considered.
Carcass and meat quality traits of Iberian pig as affected by sex and crossbreeding with different Duroc genetic lines
Authors: Robina A. , Viguera J. , Perez-Palacios T. , Mayoral A. I. , Vivo J. M. , Guillen M. T. , Ruiz J.
Published: December 2013

A total of 144 pigs were used to study the effects of sex (barrows or gilts) and terminal sire line (Iberian or three genetic lines of Duroc: Duroc 1, Duroc 2 and Duroc 3) on performance and carcass and meat quality traits. Gilts showed slightly lower average daily gain, shoulder weight and trimming losses, but slightly better primal cuts yields and higher loin weight, while there was no significant effect of sex on meat quality traits or on the fatty acid composition of lard and muscle. There were important differences in performance and in carcass and primal cuts quality traits between pure Iberian pigs and all Iberian × Duroc crossbreeds evaluated, partly due to the lower slaughter weights reached by the formers. The different sire lines showed differences in several traits; Duroc 1 group showed lower backfat thickness and ham and shoulder trimming losses, and higher primal cut yields than Duroc 2 and Duroc 3 groups. Intramuscular fat (IMF) content remained unaffected by crossbreeding, but meat color resulted more intense and redder in crosses from the Duroc 1 sire line. The accumulation of fatty acids in lard was not affected by Duroc sire line, while animals of the group Duroc 2 showed higher levels of monounsaturated fatty acid and lower of polyunsaturated ones in IMF. These results highlight the importance of considering not only performance, but also carcass and meat quality traits when deciding the Duroc sire line for crossbreeding in Iberian pig production.
To Begin at the Beginning Again: Źižek in Yugoslavia
Authors: Homer Sean
Published: December 2013

This article situates Slavoj Źižek in relation to his formative intellectual and political context in Yugoslavia, a context all too frequently ignored in the Anglo-American appropriation of his work. Through an analysis of Źižek's positions on immigration, the NATO bombing of Serbia, party politics, and violence, Homer argues that a consistent pattern emerges in Źižek's politics of adopting radical and provocative positions abroad while simultaneously maintaining conservative positions at home. Homer also addresses the irony of Źižek's Leninist turn, as he was a central figure in the “demarxification” of Slovene theoretical discourse in the mid-1980s. In opposition to Źižek's view of Marxism as a formalism without specific content, Homer argues that a left strategy today requires us also to argue for something. Finally, Homer considers Źižek's writings on violence, arguing that this is a route the radical left has taken once before in the 1970s; it was disastrous then and will prove so again today.
The Menon-Źižek Debate: “The Tale of the (Never-marked) (But secretly coded) Universal and the (Always marked) Particular…”
Authors: Thakur Gautam Basu
Published: December 2013

On occasion of his first lecture tour of India in 2010, Źižek sparked off a debate with Nivedita Menon, a leading postcolonial feminist scholar. The debate revolves around Menon's contention that Źižek's emphasis on European, Christian Universalism as the most proactive model for countering capitalism is ignorant of the heteroglossiac postcolonial histories of South Asia. Menon's response (“The Two Źižeks”) suggests that what Źižek appears to be missing is knowledge of the fallibility of Eurocentric discourses in negotiating the colonial and postcolonial situations particular to the subcontinent. Though Źižek's debates with Badiou and Butler are well known, few outside India are aware of the Menon-Źižek debate. This paper will occasion this little known debate to consider some of the major points raised by Menon against the applicability of Źižek's theoretical arguments toward reading and understanding postcolonial politics and culture.
Law and Empire in Late Tsarist Russia: Muslim Tatars Go to Court
Authors: Kirmse Stefan B.
Published: December 2013

This article combines an investigation of legal practice in late tsarist Russia with an analysis of imperial rule. The Judicial Reform of 1864 introduced new legal principles, institutions, and rules of court procedure into the empire. Focusing on legal interaction in the newly established circuit courts in Crimea and Kazan, this article explores the implications of Tatar legal involvement in state courts for both the empire's legal reform process and its policies toward ethnic and religious minorities. It discusses the courts as tools for the integration of these multiethnic regions with the imperial center and shows how legal unification developed in a context of dynamic, and locally specific, plural legal orders. It concludes that minority policies were characterized by the simultaneous pursuit of integration and the promotion of difference. The article draws mainly on court records from Kazan and Simferopol (Crimea), newspaper coverage, and on the reports and memoirs of jurists.
Osteology and relationships of Rhinopycnodus gabriellae gen. et sp. nov. (Pycnodontiformes) from the marine Late Cretaceous of Lebanon
Authors: Taverne Louis , Capasso Luigi
Published: December 2013

The osteology of Rhinopycnodus gabriellae gen. and sp. nov., a pycnodontiform fish from the marine Cenomanian (Late Cretaceous) of Lebanon, is studied in detail. This new fossil genus belongs to the family Pycnodontidae, as shown by the presence of a posterior brush-like process on its parietal. Its long and broad premaxilla, bearing one short and very broad tooth is the principal autapomorphy of this fish. Within the phylogeny of Pycnodontidae, Rhinopycnodus occupies an intermediate position between Ocloedus and Tepexichthys.
Solutions: Chewing (on) Gum
Authors: Rudy Kelley
Published: December 2013

This department showcases students' in-depth thinking and work on previously published problems. The December 2012/January 2013 hands-on exploration of the history of chewing gum appeals to a wide range of learners. It was a perfect followup to a multiplication unit that a third-grade class in Pennsylvania had just studied.
The Distributive Property: The Core of Multiplication
Authors: Kinzer Cathy J. , Stanford Ted
Published: December 2013

This activity sequence illustrates the conceptual development of important mathematical ideas, among them the understanding of area and how to deconstruct complicated problems.
Strengthening Discussions
Authors: Hintz Allison B.
Published: December 2013

Teachers can foster strategy sharing by attending to the cognitive demands that students experience while talking, listening, and making mistakes.
Keep on Rollin'
Authors: Sibley Amanda , Kurz Terri L.
Published: December 2013

Here is a simple way to turn an ordinary whiteboard into an interactive tool that allows students to design and build pathways along which a sliding object will flow—within certain constraints—to reach its final destination. Students must reason, conjecture, test, conjecture again, and then retest their design features to determine a solution to the presented investigation.
Concise Review: Cell-Based Strategies in Bone Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Ma Jinling , Both Sanne K. , Yang Fang , Cui Fu-Zhai , Pan Juli , Meijer Gert J. , Jansen John A. , van den Beucken Jeroen J.J.P.
Published: December 2013

Cellular strategies play an important role in bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (BTE/RM). Variability in cell culture procedures (e.g., cell types, cell isolation and expansion, cell seeding methods, and preculture conditions before in vivo implantation) may influence experimental outcome. Meanwhile, outcomes from initial clinical trials are far behind those of animal studies, which is suggested to be related to insufficient nutrient and oxygen supply inside the BTE/RM constructs as some complex clinical implementations require bone regeneration in too large a quantity. Coculture strategies, in which angiogenic cells are introduced into osteogenic cell cultures, might provide a solution for improving vascularization and hence increasing bone formation for cell-based constructs. So far, preclinical studies have demonstrated that cell-based tissue-engineered constructs generally induce more bone formation compared with acellular constructs. Further, cocultures have been shown to enhance vascularization and bone formation compared with monocultures. However, translational efficacy from animal studies to clinical use requires improvement, and the role implanted cells play in clinical bone regeneration needs to be further elucidated. In view of this, the present review provides an overview of the critical procedures during in vitro and in vivo phases for cell-based strategies (both monoculture and coculture) in BTE/RM to achieve more standardized culture conditions for future studies, and hence enhance bone formation.
Mindfulness and burnout among competitive adolescent tennis players
Authors: Walker SP
Published: December 2013

Background. Burnout among adolescent athletes is a cause for concern. However, little is known about the intrapersonal factors that may be related to burnout in this population.Objectives. To explore the relationship between burnout and mindfulness among competitive adolescent tennis players.Methods. Competitive adolescent tennis players (N=104; mean age 16 years) completed measures of mindfulness and athlete burnout. Correlations were calculated with regard to mindfulness and burnout. A one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted to determine whether athletes assigned to three levels of mindfulness (high, moderate and low) differed significantly with regard to burnout.Results. Mindfulness exhibited significant negative correlations with global burnout, emotional/physical exhaustion, reduced sense of accomplishment and sport devaluation. The results of the MANOVA indicated that individuals in the three mindfulness groups (high, moderate and low) reported significantly different levels of burnout. Post hoc analyses revealed that participants in the high mindfulness group reported a significantly lower sense of reduced accomplishment and global burnout than participants in the low mindfulness group. In addition, participants in the low mindfulness group reported significantly higher levels of global burnout than individuals in the high and moderate mindfulness groups.Conclusion. Mindfulness appears to be negatively related to athlete burnout among competitive adolescent tennis players. Furthermore, athletes reporting different levels of mindfulness exhibit differing levels of burnout. The potential protective effect of mindfulness with regard to burnout among adolescent athletes warrants further investigation.
Le rôle des religieux dans l’histoire de la collecte au Canada français. Un panorama
Authors: Pichette Jean-Pierre
Published: December 2013

L’histoire de la collecte ethnologique au Canada français pourrait-elle faire fi de la contribution des prêtres et des religieux ? La réponse serait négative dans la plupart des cas, tellement leur apport paraît primordial : depuis le mot d’ordre lancé par l’abbé Henri-Raymond Casgrain (« Hâtons-nous de recueillir… », 1863), en passant par les religieux lexicographes, la Société du parler français au Canada (1902) et le mouvement de « nationalisation de la littérature » de l’abbé Camille Roy (1904-1905) qui allait ouvrir la voie à la littérature du terroir (1914-1945), au travail des généalogistes (Cyprien Tanguay), au déploiement des sociétés d’histoire au Canada français (Lionel Groulx, Victor Tremblay, Lorenzo Cadieux), aux prêtres éducateurs qui collectionnent des objets muséographiques dans les collèges (Paul-André Leclerc), qui photographient et filment la vie traditionnelle (Maurice Proulx et Albert Tessier), en visitant la fondation des Archives de folklore par Luc Lacourcière et Félix-Antoine Savard en 1944 et son rayonnement en Amérique française (Germain Lemieux en Ontario et au Québec, et Anselme Chiasson en Acadie) jusqu’à la Révolution tranquille, période de transition qui connaîtra l’entrée en masse de religieuses (Catherine Jolicoeur, Denise Rodrigue, etc.,1960-1975) après le passage éclair de soeur Marie-Ursule (1946-1951) et mènera à la laïcisation de l’État, la quête patrimoniale par les clercs confirmerait que « la foi est gardienne de la langue » comme « la langue est gardienne de la foi ».
Un folklorisme de paradoxes : l’abbé François Duine
Authors: Le Gall Laurent
Published: December 2013

L’itinéraire intellectuel de François Duine (1870-1924) ne dépare pas lorsqu’on le compare à ceux de ses contemporains qui, en embrassant la soutane, embrassèrent, en cette fin du dix-neuvième siècle marqué par l’affrontement des deux France, une dilection particulière pour le folklore. Science en cours de formalisation, le folklore fut, en effet, au tournant du siècle, un rameau de cette libido sciendi qui rassembla, dans une même quête d’exhumation et d’objectivation des cultures populaires, des intellectuels à l’ancrage essentiellement local. Dans le cadre d’une division du travail entre des savants de réputation nationale et des correspondants venant alimenter et leurs revues et leurs travaux, nombreux furent les prêtres qui, de par leur formation et leur connaissance endogène de la société dans laquelle ils évoluaient, constituèrent le vivier de ces folkloristes de second rang. Duine en fut une incarnation d’autant plus idéale-typique qu’il ne fut pas que cela : son folklorisme ne représenta en effet qu’un rameau d’une érudition gagée sur une volonté de comprendre le peuple dans son histoire, une histoire conçue à travers des traditions dont l’existence même attestait sa continuité et sa possible perpétuation.
Un cas atypique : François Falc’hun (1909-1991), le linguiste de la Mission de folklore musical en Basse-Bretagne de 1939
Authors: Goyat Gilles
Published: December 2013

La participation de l’abbé François Falc’hun à la Mission de folklore musical de Basse-Bretagne de 1939 a été atypique pour plusieurs raisons, dont la communication se propose d’étudier les principales. 1- C’est une mission initiée, organisée et financée de Paris par le gouvernement du Front populaire. 2 - Bretonnant de langue maternelle, F. Falc’hun est alors le bretonnant le plus diplômé en linguistique, peut-être même le seul. Étudiant à l’Université de Paris, il a déjà reçu une formation en phonologie, science humaine alors toute jeune. 3 - La mission utilise les moyens techniques les plus modernes disponibles à l’époque (enregistrements sonores, films). 4 - Les préoccupations religieuses et morales en semblent tout à fait absentes. 5 - Cette mission a été son unique expérience en ce domaine. 6 - Cette mission n’a duré qu’un mois et demi. En revanche, l’étude et l’exploitation des documents recueillis a traîné en longueur pour plusieurs raisons. F. Falc’hun n’en a pas vu la publication, qui n’a été réalisée qu’en 2009 (Cths-Dastum-Crbc, sous la direction de Marie-Barbara Le Gonidec).
Les prêtres et religieux auteurs de chansonniers
Authors: Bénéteau Marcel
Published: December 2013

Les prêtres et religieux s’intéressent de longue date à la chanson populaire, autant comme « ponton de sauvetage » et « bain d’énergie patriotique » que comme forme d’expression à perfectionner, à réhabiliter et à consacrer. Quel est l’apport du clergé au répertoire canadien ? L’ensemble de leurs efforts a-t-il diminué ou augmenté le rayonnement de la chanson traditionnelle dans la culture populaire ? Y a-t-il une continuité entre les premiers chansonniers d’écoles et de collèges, souvent compilés par des membres du clergé, les « améliorations » des abbés Burque et Gadbois et les sélections se voulant plus scientifiques publiées par Anselme Chiasson et Germain Lemieux ?
Les prêtres et religieux historiens et promoteurs desociétés d’histoire et de généalogie
Authors: Bergeron Bertrand
Published: December 2013

À travers la figure et l’oeuvre de Mgr Victor Tremblay, père de l’histoire du Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean et fondateur de la Société historique du Saguenay, cet article analyse l’apport du clergé dans la collecte, l’archivage et la diffusion des documents historiques, l’importance des fonds constitués dans la prise de conscience des communautés concernées de leur contribution à l’histoire. Ces sociétés d’histoire collectent et rendent disponibles des documents issus de l’histoire locale. S’intéressant à la petite histoire, celle des « petits, des obscurs, des sans-grades », ces sociétés d’histoire constituent un inépuisable vivier pour ceux que l’histoire des mentalités et de la vie quotidienne intéressent.
Tradition d’une invention. La création par l’Église d’une langue bretonne de culture : xvie–xixe siècle
Authors: Calvez Ronan
Published: December 2013

En 1935, dans le Bulletin de la Société archéologique du Finistère, Daniel Bernard portait ce jugement : « les oeuvres du P. Maunoir [auteur jésuite] et de ses successeurs n’eurent aucune influence sur le sort du breton écrit. Au xviiie siècle, celui-ci était devenu un misérable patois tout farci de mots français ». Cette affirmation péremptoire conforte une idée reçue, encore de nos jours, dans les lettres bretonnes : à compter du milieu du xviie siècle, après un âge d’or aux limites chronologiques incertaines, le breton forgé par l’Église pour les besoins de l’évangélisation est devenu un « jargon mixte » – cette expression est de Théodore Hersart de La Villemarqué. Et il faut attendre le début du xixe siècle pour que le breton d’Église retrouve une quelconque valeur. Néanmoins, lorsqu’on s’intéresse aux écrits religieux produits entre le xvie et le xixe siècle, se fait jour une même volonté ecclésiastique de forger une langue bretonne de culture digne de la mission qui lui est allouée.
Les prêtres et religieux et la culture populaire en Nouvelle-Angleterre
Authors: Beaupré Normand
Published: December 2013

Depuis les débuts du xxe siècle, il y a eu plusieurs prêtres et religieux/religieuses qui ont contribué à la propagation de la culture populaire chez nous, tels l’abbé Adrien Verrette, le père Henri d’Arles, soeur Solange Bernier et soeur Mary-Carmel Therriault. Ils ont su partager leurs connaissances sur la langue, l’histoire et l’héritage d’une collectivité dénommée franco-américaine. Grâce à eux, l’héritage des Franco-Américains a été préservé jusqu’à la quatrième sinon la cinquième génération et les résultats de l’assimilation furent éloignés.
Le rôle des religieux dans la préservation du français : l’exception louisianaise
Authors: Ancelet Barry-Jean
Published: December 2013

Contrairement à ce qui s’est passé dans la plupart des régions francophones de l’Amérique du Nord et jusqu’à assez récemment, l’Église catholique en Louisiane n’a pas soutenu la langue française ni les écoles, malgré la présence de nombreux prêtres, frères et soeurs de la France, du Québec et de la Belgique. De plus, parmi les chercheurs qui y ont recueilli des contes, des chansons et des traditions populaires, on ne compte aucun religieux. Au contraire, dès la fin de la guerre de Sécession, l’Église catholique a commencé à se transformer et se traduire en anglais, anticipant la langue du nouveau pays, et recrutant des prêtres anglophones, surtout des Irlandais. Certains prêcheurs baptistes, surtout Elie Werner, ont noté cette lacune et ils ont commencé à attirer des Cadiens avec des programmes de radio et des services en français. Les folkloristes qui ont réalisé les collections ethnologiques qui se trouvent dans les archives de nos jours furent plutôt des militants francophiles comme Alan Lomax, Harry Oster, Ralph Rinzler et Élizabeth Brandon de l’extérieur, et Alcée Fortier, Corinne Saucier, Calvin Claudel, Catherine Blanchet et Irene Whitfield de l’intérieur. L’effort pour préserver le français en Louisiane est surtout venu du domaine public (écoles, législature, manifestations culturelles, etc.) sans l’aide de l’Église catholique.
Seismic structure of the Central Tyrrhenian basin: Geophysical constraints on the nature of the main crustal domains
Authors: Prada M. , Sallares V. , Ranero C. R. , Vendrell M. G. , Grevemeyer I. , Zitellini N. , de Franco R.
Published: December 2013

In this work we investigate the crustal and tectonic structures of the Central Tyrrhenian back‐arc basin combining refraction and wide‐angle reflection seismic (WAS), gravity, and multichannel seismic (MCS) reflection data, acquired during the MEDOC (MEDiterráneo OCcidental)‐2010 survey along a transect crossing the entire basin from Sardinia to Campania at 40°N. The results presented include a ~450 km long 2‐D P wave velocity model, obtained by the traveltime inversion of the WAS data, a coincident density model, and a MCS poststack time‐migrated profile. We interpret three basement domains with different petrological affinity along the transect based on the comparison of velocity and velocity‐derived density models with existing compilations for continental crust, oceanic crust, and exhumed mantle. The first domain includes the continental crust of Sardinia and the conjugate Campania margin. In the Sardinia margin, extension has thinned the crust from ~20 km under the coastline to ~13 km ~60 km seaward. Similarly, the Campania margin is also affected by strong extensional deformation. The second domain, under the Cornaglia Terrace and its conjugate Campania Terrace, appears to be oceanic in nature. However, it shows differences with respect to the reference Atlantic oceanic crust and agrees with that generated in back‐arc oceanic settings. The velocities‐depth relationships and lack of Moho reflections in seismic records of the third domain (i.e., the Magnaghi and Vavilov basins) support a basement fundamentally made of mantle rocks. The large seamounts of the third domain (e.g., Vavilov) are underlain by 10–20 km wide, relatively low‐velocity anomalies interpreted as magmatic bodies locally intruding the mantle.
Vertical variation of oxygen isotope in Bay of Bengal and its relationships with water masses
Authors: Sengupta S. , Parekh Anant , Chakraborty S. , Ravi Kumar K. , Bose T.
Published: December 2013

We present here, for the first time, comprehensive depth specific (near surface to 1800 m) oxygen isotope (δ18O) data set of 175 water samples collected from 22 different locations in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) during July–August 2009 and December–January 2012–2013. The study is aimed to constrain the water mass parameters using oxygen isotope and salinity. Four water masses are identified on the basis of temperature‐salinity relationship: (a) Bay of Bengal Water (BoBW; 0–50 m), (b) Mixed Zone (MZ; 60–120 m), (c) Indonesian Throughflow (ITF; 200–500 m), and (d) Indian Ocean Deep Water (IDW; 600–1800 m). Our study shows: (1) δ18O‐salinity correlation (slope = 0.15 ± 0.01; intercept = −4.58 ± 0.24; r2 = 0.89; n = 54) for the BoBW is found to be consistent with surface BoB water reported earlier, (2) relatively lower correlation (r2 = 0.24; n = 47) in underlying mixed zone suggesting mixing of various water masses, (3) significant linear correlation between δ18O and salinity in IDW (r2 = 0.70) indicating depleted less saline water from southern hemisphere spread up to 18°N, and (4) vertical profiles at various sampling locations showing a continuous enrichment of δ18O (0.6–0.8‰) within top 60–100 m irrespective of their proximity to coastline. In conjunction with a sharp decrease in Δ14C data below the same depth zone (60–100 m) as reported earlier, we suggest the δ18O value reaches to its acme at a zone of mixing between younger BoBW and relatively older ITF. This preliminary study indicates oxygen isotope and salinity together can be used to identify different water masses in the BoB.
Automated calibration of the Suomi National Polar‐Orbiting Partnership (S‐NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) reflective solar bands
Authors: Rausch Kameron , Houchin Scott , Cardema Jason , Moy Gabriel , Haas Evan , De Luccia Frank J.
Published: December 2013

Suomi National Polar‐Orbiting Partnership (S‐NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) reflective bands are currently calibrated via weekly updates to look‐up tables (LUTs) utilized by operational ground processing in the Joint Polar Satellite System Interface Data Processing Segment (IDPS). The parameters in these LUTs must be predicted ahead 2 weeks and cannot adequately track the dynamically varying response characteristics of the instrument. As a result, spurious “predict‐ahead” calibration errors of the order of 0.1% or greater are routinely introduced into the calibrated reflectances and radiances produced by IDPS in sensor data records (SDRs). Spurious calibration errors of this magnitude adversely impact the quality of downstream environmental data records (EDRs) derived from VIIRS SDRs such as Ocean Color/Chlorophyll and cause increased striping and band‐to‐band radiometric calibration uncertainty of SDR products. A novel algorithm that fully automates reflective band calibration has been developed for implementation in IDPS in late 2013. Automating the reflective solar band (RSB) calibration is extremely challenging and represents a significant advancement over the manner in which RSB calibration has traditionally been performed in heritage instruments such as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer. The automated algorithm applies calibration data almost immediately after their acquisition by the instrument from views of space and on‐onboard calibration sources, thereby eliminating the predict‐ahead errors associated with the current offline calibration process. This new algorithm, when implemented, will significantly improve the quality of VIIRS reflective band SDRs and consequently the quality of EDRs produced from these SDRs.
Extratropical forcing of tropical wave disturbances along the Indian Ocean ITCZ
Authors: Fukutomi Yoshiki , Yasunari Tetsuzo
Published: December 2013

The role of extratropical waves in the excitation of tropical waves on submonthly timescales is explored along the Indian Ocean Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) during the austral summer using Japanese Reanalysis products and NOAA outgoing longwave radiation data. The analysis period is DecemberŰFebruary of 1979/1980 to 2008/2009. The submonthly tropical waves are regarded as a type of Rossby wave propagating along the mean monsoon westerly flow. They play an important role in modulating the Indian Ocean ITCZ convection. The linkage between the tropical and extratropical waves, which is responsible for the formation and strengthening of tropical waves, is examined. Composite analysis results linked to the tropical wave train development show that the midlatitude Rossby wave train progresses eastward and northeastward from the South Atlantic into the subtropical Indian Ocean. As a trough and ridge that form part of the midlatitude wave train approach the southern Africa‐southwest Indian Ocean (SWIO) region, a southwest‐northeast‐oriented wave train is subsequently established, originating from this feature, and is strengthened across the tropical Indian Ocean. The midlatitude wave propagation toward the subtropics induces the growth of the trough and ridge over the SWIO. Wave activity flux diagnostics indicate that the amplified trough and ridge over the SWIO act as an energy source for northeastward amplification of the tropical waves through the wave energy dispersion process. The results suggest that the propagation of the midlatitude wave toward the SWIO is the fundamental mechanism behind the development of the tropical waves along the Indian Ocean ITCZ.
Postmortem Interval: Submerged Bodies
Authors: Simmons Tal , Heaton Vivienne
Published: December 2013

There are an estimated 388 000 victims of accidental drowning worldwide every year, and the number of bodies recovered from water environments is augmented by bodies that are in water because of suicide and homicide. Numerous challenges are created when attempting to estimate the postmortem interval (PMI) and identify a victim whose body was recovered from water. For the investigator on a case involving a body found in water, it is important to be aware of the environmental factors that may influence the rate of decomposition, and hence the appearance of the corpse. Although the prime mover of decomposition in water, as on land, is temperature, a number of variables unique to the aquatic system may influence the appearance of the remains, namely obstructions underwater that may snag and cause injury to the body and marine scavengers. Submerged bodies undergo a decomposition progression similar to that of bodies found on land, but with specific features such as washerwoman hands/feet and degloving and they also undergo a characteristic disarticulation sequence. Submerged bodies are also more likely to form adipocere, which may inhibit decomposition from progressing further and impede the investigator's ability to estimate of time since death. Equations, based on a decomposition scale, predict the accumulated temperatures to which a body has been exposed in water and allow the calculation of aPMIrange.
Friction Ridge Skin—Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS)
Authors: Meuwly Didier
Published: December 2013

This contribution describes the development and the forensic use of automated fingerprint identification systems (AFISs).AFISswere initially developed in order to overcome the limitations of the paper‐based fingerprint collections, by digitizing the ten‐print cards in computerized databases and to translate the manual pattern classification into computer‐friendly codes. Then, technologies to automate the fingerprint feature extraction and comparison were developed, andAFISswere implemented on a large scale in order to improve the process of identification of repetitive offenders based on the ten‐print cards. Further development of the fingerprint biometric technology allowed for the inclusion of palmprint reference databases and for the processing of fingermarks and palmmarks with, as a result, the partial automation of the forensic investigation and intelligence process.

In the field ofAFIS, the challenges for the future call for further automation of the feature extraction from low‐quality fingerprint and fingermark images, for more transparency in the processes, for the improvement of the interoperability of the systems on a global level and the combination of biometric modalities as well as for the use of fingerprint biometric technology and scientific methodology, to further develop the forensic friction ridge evaluation process.
Microstructure and Texture Evolution in an Intermetallic β‐Stabilized TiAl Alloy During Forging and Subsequent Isothermal Annealing
Authors: Gaitzenauer Andrea , Stark Andreas , Gosslar Daniel , Clemens Helmut , Mayer Svea
Published: December 2013

Microstructure and texture formation were investigated in an intermetallic Ti–43.4Al–4.2Nb–1.1Mo–0.1B (in at.%) alloy after near conventional forging in the (α + β) phase field region and subsequent isothermal annealing treatments at 1150 °C for different holding times. During forging and the following cooling process a fine grained microstructure is formed consisting of lamellar α2/γ colonies and elongated grains of the βo phase situated at the colony boundaries. The isothermal annealing treatment leads to a significant change of the forged microstructure. After hot‐forging, all phases show typical fiber textures as it is expected for uniaxial deformation. In the as‐forged state the α2(α) phase exhibits a 〈11‐20〉 fiber, the βo(β) phase has a strong and sharp fiber and the γ phase shows a and a weaker fiber. After additional annealing at 1150 °C for 8 h, the textures are almost unchanged in contrast to the microstructure.
Understanding Bulk Defects in Topological Insulators from Nuclear‐Spin Interactions
Authors: Koumoulis Dimitrios , Leung Belinda , Chasapis Thomas C. , Taylor Robert , King Daniel , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. , Bouchard Louis‐S.
Published: December 2013

Non‐invasive local probes are needed to characterize bulk defects in binary and ternary chalcogenides. These defects contribute to the non‐ideal behavior of topological insulators. The bulk electronic properties are studied via 125Te NMR in Bi2Te3, Sb2Te3, Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3, Bi2Te2Se, and Bi2Te2S. A distribution of defects gives rise to asymmetry in the powder lineshapes. The Knight shift, line shape, and spin‐lattice relaxation are investigated in terms of how they affect carrier density, spin‐orbit coupling, and phase separation in the bulk. The present study confirms that the ordered ternary compound Bi2Te2Se is the best topological insulator candidate material at the present time. These results, which are in good agreement with transport and angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy studies, help establish the NMR probe as a valuable method to characterize the bulk properties of these materials.
Modelling and Prediction of Bacterial Attachment to Polymers
Authors: Epa V. C. , Hook A. L. , Chang C. , Yang J. , Langer R. , Anderson D. G. , Williams P. , Davies M. C. , Alexander M. R. , Winkler D. A.
Published: December 2013

Infection by pathogenic bacteria on implanted and indwelling medical devices during surgery causes large morbidity and mortality worldwide. Attempts to ameliorate this important medical issue have included development of antimicrobial surfaces on materials, “no touch” surgical procedures, and development of materials with inherent low pathogen attachment. The search for new materials is increasingly being carried out by high throughput methods. Efficient methods for extracting knowledge from these large data sets are essential. Data from a large polymer microarray exposed to three clinical pathogens is used to derive robust and predictive machine‐learning models of pathogen attachment. The models can predict pathogen attachment for the polymer library quantitatively. The models also successfully predict pathogen attachment for a second‐generation library, and identify polymer surface chemistries that enhance or diminish pathogen attachment.