bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poesia em sala de aula
Authors: Leite Thiago André Rodrigues , Leite Karine Rios de Oliveira
Published: November 2017

Assim como a linguagem, entendemos que a poesia está na natureza humana, acompanhando o homem desde o momento em que ele (re)cria uma espécie de “língua” dentro do próprio sistema linguístico, o qual é parte essencial da linguagem. Essa (re)criação pode emergir nos diferentes planos: fonológico, morfológico, sintático e semântico. Sob esse ponto de vista e fundamentados em teorizações de Émile Benveniste, compreendemos ser imperioso experienciarmos, em nossas práticas de aula, certa abordagem semântica da poesia, com a abertura a (re)leituras de diferentes “escolhas lexicais” presentes em poemas. Por isso, neste texto, objetivamos discorrer sobre a poesia no plano semântico, pensando certas “escolhas lexicais”, em detrimento de outras possíveis, presentes em alguns importantes poemas brasileiros, e possibilidades de (re)leituras dessas “escolhas” em momentos de sala de aula. Para tanto, embasamo-nos na teoria de Benveniste, especialmente quanto às noções de linguagem e de língua, relacionando tais noções a uma possível definição, aventada por nós, de poesia.
Letramento e Enunciação
Authors: Oliveira Giovane Fernandes
Published: November 2017

Este trabalho objetiva lançar as bases para um diálogo entre o campo dos Estudos do Letramento, particularmente os Estudos dos Letramentos Acadêmicos, e o campo da Linguística da Enunciação, particularmente a Teoria da Enunciação de Émile Benveniste. A partir de uma dupla lacuna identificada – no campo do Letramento, a ausência de uma abordagem enunciativa; no campo da Enunciação, a falta de uma tematização do letramento como objeto de estudo enunciativo –, elaboram-se princípios e concepções para um modelo enunciativo de letramento acadêmico. Segundo tal modelo, o locutor-aluno se instaura como sujeito de linguagem no mundo letrado acadêmico por meio das relações enunciativas com o alocutário-professor/colegas e com as culturas de escrita acadêmica, renovando sua relação com a língua materna a cada vez que insere seu discurso no mundo letrado acadêmico para falar, ouvir, ler e escrever textos escritos e orais letrados. Este trabalho espera contribuir, assim, com os estudos sobre o letramento e o letramento acadêmico, ao formular uma nova explicação teórica para tais fenômenos; com os estudos enunciativos, ao inserir o letramento e o letramento acadêmico dentre seus objetos de investigação; e com o ensino de língua materna na universidade, ao fornecer subsídios teóricos para a prática da produção e da compreensão de textos escritos e orais letrados.
convite a problematizar o ensino de escrita sob a perspectiva enunciativa benvenistiana
Authors: Stein Jorama de Quadros
Published: November 2017

Este artigo tem por objetivo problematizar o ensino de escrita sob uma perspectiva enunciativa benvenistiana. Do ponto de vista analítico, tendo como categoria de análise a referência sobre escrita, seleciono passagens do relato produzido em que é possível identificar a constituição de uma noção de escrita e as problematizo, verificando em que medida cada uma das noções apresentadas articula-se com os princípios sobre escrita derivados da última obra de Benveniste. Na problematização do relato, a escrita é abordada como gramática, como processo, como elaboração, como desafio e como experiência. Ela ainda, entre outras questões, supõe interlocução. Essa construção, aliada à noção de escrita em Benveniste, inaugura uma necessidade de mobilização da escrita, que convoca uma experiência de enlace na e pela linguagem a fim de que se efetive uma escrita que sirva para viver.
Las "Empresas B". Su análisis a la luz de un Código de principios.
Authors: Carmona Natalia
Published: November 2017

El Código Civil y Comercial de la Nación aprobado por Ley 26994 consagra principios que generarán impactos sustanciales en la sociedad argentina del siglo XXI. En ese esquema resulta imperioso analizar el fenómeno de una nueva filosofía empresarial que está en boga: la Responsabilidad Social Empresaria y en particular el fenómeno de la llamada «Empresa B», sus ventajas y desventajas y su vinculación con el Estado e influencia en la sociedad.
The effect of accounting conservatism and earn-ings management on earnings quality
Authors: Delkhosh Mohammad , Sadeghi Mohammad
Published: November 2017

The net income has been always one of the important issues that had always been a favorite among financial statement's user, and the quality and management of it have always been the focus of attention of investors and creditors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of conservatism and earning management in earning quality. For this purpose, the Givoly and Hayn (2000) index were used as conservative measurement criteria and the modified Jones model (1995) was used as a measure of earning's management measurement, and the Dechow and Dichev (2002) index were used as a measure of the quality of earning (earnings sustainability) of the company. The statistical population of this study is 123 companies that listed on Tehran Stock Exchange between 2009 and 2014. For testing the research hypothesis a multivariate regression analysis was used. The results of the research indicate a significant negative (invert) relation between accounting conservatism and earning's management on the quality of earnings.
On the Nordtvedt effect in Minkowski spacetime with nonlinear connection
Authors: Trenčevski Kostadin , Celakoska Emilija
Published: November 2017

The Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) experiment provided precise data which brought the possibility to make more stringent conclusions for the foundations of gravitational theories, i.e. the Equivalence Principles. Beside some effects of non - gravitational origin, the LLR data was fitted with the well-known gravitational effects such as the apsidal and geodetic precessions, the time delay, etc. The Nordtvedt effect in General Relativity (GR) vanishes, while the LLR experiment data of the Earth-Moon distance and the laboratory experiments with experimental bodies made of different chemical compositions measured a variation of distance in millimeters. According to the mathematical model of gravitation in Minkowski space endowed with a nonlinear connection we obtained a result closer to the experimental measurements. More precisely, we obtained a difference of 0.17 mm (or 0.28 mm, depending on the value of the scaling factor) from the LLR measurements of the variation of the Earth-Moon distance, while the corresponding result in GR makes a difference from the LLR measurements of 5.7 mm. The gravitational theory with nonlinear connection in Minkowski space gives the same results for the confirmed GR effects, nevertheless it yields some additional variations of the distance concerning the Nordtvedt effect.
IUPAC Polymer Division at 50 Years
Authors: Jones Richard “Dick”
Published: November 2017

For most of us, history is marked by significant anniversaries following from recognisable start or end dates: birthdays, wedding anniversaries, monarchical reigns, wars. So it is that this year we are celebrating the 50th anniversary of the formal inception of the Polymer Division under its former name as the IUPAC Macromolecular Division. However, the Division has a significant pre-history that essentially maps the development of polymer chemistry to a mature discipline in its own right. By the 1920s, through the efforts of individuals who recognized the need, a common language of communication was already in the offing. These people formed committees to consider the development of systematic nomenclature, terminology and definitions, symbols, and other matters of importance in polymer science. All of this work became the foundations on which IUPAC built its growing interest in macromolecules, of which I would know very little if it were not for the excellent History of IUPAC 1919-1987 [1] and History of IUPAC 1988-1999 [2] upon which I have been able to draw.
Polymer Chemistry: Current Status and Perspective
Authors: Matyjaszewski Krzysztof
Published: November 2017

The last decades witnessed significant progress in the synthesis of macromolecules with precisely controlled architectures.
PolDiv101: A Brief Guide to the Polymer Division
Authors: Fellows Christopher M. , Luscombe Christine K. , Russell Gregory T.
Published: November 2017

When all is said and done, the IUPAC Polymer Division is a group of people. So here we all are, well, a good number of us anyway.
MACRO 2016, Istanbul: An IUPAC Morality Tale
Authors: Russell Gregory T.
Published: November 2017

My favorite statistic concerning risk is that one 60-year-old out of a million will die every twenty minutes [1]. If I am not mistaken, this equates to 26 300 deaths per million per annum—just from living.
Polymers Everyday and Everywhere
Authors: Rabinovich Daniel
Published: November 2017

I recently looked back at all the notes I’ve written for Chemistry International during the past decade or so, and polymer chemistry seems to be a recurrent theme, with a range of topics that underscores the multifarious applications of polymeric materials, both natural and synthetic. For example, the common polypropylene stacking chair, created in 1962 by Robin Day, one of the most influential furniture designers of the 20th century, was featured on a British stamp used to illustrate a Stamps International article published in 2011.
Performance Analysis of Visible Light Communication Based on 16-QAM Companded OFDM Using Laser Diode
Authors: Fall Mangone , Gao Xiang , Deng Rui , Zhong Zhangdui
Published: November 2017

In this paper, a 16-QAM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with companding technique is proposed and experimentally demonstrated in a high-speed visible laser light communication setup with low-cost 450 nm blue-light laser diode. Companding technique is used to reduce the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the OFDM signal. The experimental results show a successfully achieved 2.5 Gb/s under 5 m free space transmission and a PAPR reduction of about 3.2 dB at a fixed complementary cumulative distribution function of 10–3 when compared with the regular one without any technique.
Discussing discourse modalities in argument theory: Reconsidering a paradigm
Authors: van den Hoven Paul
Published: November 2017

This article analyzes a statement by Blair that the conditions of interpretation of visual expression are indeterminate to a much greater degree than is the case with verbal expression. We argue that this proposition reveals a somewhat hidden paradigm about what argument theory is or should be. This currently dominant paradigm takes as its object a prototypical verbal discourse from which arguments can be “reconstructed” in a fairly straightforward way. In this article, we argue that accepting multimodal discourse as a means to convey argumentation implies the necessity of a serious amendment of this paradigm. The problem of modeling the protagonist’s commitments inevitably requires our having to deal more with indeterminate, “raw” discourse formats, not to be replaced by verbal reconstructions. It requires our incorporating multimodal semiotics as an integrated element of argumentation theory; and it requires our accepting that argumentative commitments are deliberately underspecified and negotiable.
Un Protocolo Conversacional de una Entrevista de Corte Policiaco a un Detenido, Difundida en los Medios de Comunicación Masiva
Authors: Vázquez Laslop María Eugenia
Published: November 2017

El 30 de agosto de 2010 la Policía Federal mexicana detuvo a uno de los capos del narcotráfico más buscados del momento, Édgar Valdez Villarreal, “La Barbie”. Durante los primeros días de septiembre la Secretaría de Seguridad Pública difundió en los medios de comunicación masiva fragmentos de una entrevista al detenido realizada el 31 de agosto, que seguía un formato en apariencia oficial e institucional. El objetivo de este artículo es describir la entrevista a modo de protocolo en términos del mecanismo de la interacción verbal entre el entrevistador y el entrevistado y reflexionar acerca de dicho formato según el modelo jurídico de la entrevista policiaca, así como de la configuración de la identidad del entrevistado por parte de la Secretaría de Seguridad Pública. Se caracteriza esta entrevista policiaca desde tres perspectivas: una jurídica, en materia penal, una pragmática, de acuerdo con los parámetros conversacionales propios de cualquier interacción verbal y de los conceptos defachada, identidadyestigmaen la presentación de la persona, y una gramatical, respecto de las formas de las preguntas en las entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Se reflexiona acerca de la difusión de este material en los medios de comunicación como estrategia de propaganda política.
La reparación en la interacción oral de estudiantes de ELE: comparación entre interacciones de práctica en el aula e interacciones en contextos de evaluación
Authors: Acosta Ortega Laura
Published: November 2017

Based on the concept of interactional competence (Hellermann, 2008; Seedhouse, 2004; Walsh, 2011; Young, 2008), our study analyzes how learners of Spanish as a foreign language in a B2 level manage repair in oral interaction in language classrooms. We understand repair as “the treatment of trouble in talk-in-interaction” (Young, 2008, p. 49). A corpus of eleven interactions between students in the classroom is analyzed through the perspective of Conversation Analysis. The interactions were collected in different kinds of tasks in the language classroom. In our analysis we compare interactions produced in practice activities and interactions collected during assessment. The findings in this study show a tendency to manage repair in classroom oral interaction as it would be done in normal conversation. Regarding the different contexts of our corpus, we observe that, in interactions produced in assessment contexts, speakers try to protect their interlocutor’s face and their own face by avoiding to make repairs.
Developing World-Class Soccer Players: An Example of the Academy Physical Development Program From an English Premier League Team
Authors: Ryan Desmond , Lewin Colin , Forsythe Shad , McCall Alan
Published: November 2017

THE ROLE OF THE YOUTH ACADEMY IN ELITE SOCCER IS TO CREATE WORLD-CLASS PLAYERS. THIS INVOLVES TARGETED DEVELOPMENT OF A MYRIAD OF FACTORS, INCLUDING TECHNICAL, TACTICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, AND PHYSICAL QUALITIES. THE ROLE OF SPORTS SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IS TO OPTIMIZE THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNG PROMISING PLAYERS. IN LINE WITH THE MULTIFACETED NATURE OF PLAYER DEVELOPMENT, THE SPORTS SCIENCE AND MEDICINE DEPARTMENT MUST INTEGRATE EFFECTIVELY INTO THE OVERALL YOUTH ACADEMY. THE PURPOSE OF THE PRESENT ARTICLE IS TO OUTLINE THE OBJECTIVES, METHODS, AND OPERATIONS OF A SPORTS SCIENCE AND MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF ONE OF THE BIGGEST SOCCER TEAMS IN THE WORLD.
Stefan Zweig como mediador cultural em "Brasil, um país do futuro": aplicação prática no ensino de alemão e/ou português como língua estrangeira
Authors: Romão Tito Lívio Cruz
Published: November 2017

Filho de um rico empresário têxtil judeu, Stefan Zweig nasce na Áustria. Quando os nazistas tomam o poder na Alemanha em 1933 e promovem queimas de livros, obras suas também são alvos dessas ações. Em 1941, emigra com sua segunda esposa, Lotte, para o Brasil, indo viver em Petrópolis. O ditador Getúlio Vargas concede-lhe visto de permanência, por Zweig, supostamente, “cheio de entusiasmo por um país onde não parecia haver vestígios de conflito racial e agradecido por ter encontrado abrigo” (Die Zeit, 2013/07/02), ter escrito o livro Brasil, um país do futuro. Sofrendo de depressão, Zweig, juntamente com Lotte, suicida-se em 1942, ingerindo barbitúricos. Com base em conceitos factuais de cultura e civilização (faktische Landeskunde; cf. Biechele/Padrós, 2003, 21ff.), neste artigo examinaremos fatos descritos e números apresentados na obra supramencionada quanto a aspectos geográficos, históricos, sociais e culturais. Mediante uma abordagem contrastiva, cotejaremos fatos e números daquela época, por amostragem aleatória, com as condicionantes ora vigentes, para constatarmos se/como o país louvado por Zweig mudou, após quase oito décadas. Analisaremos, por fim, se a imagem do Brasil apresentada por Zweig coincide, na visão dos leitores atuais, com a realidade brasileira hodierna, e, se essa imagem necessitar de “atualização”, como alguns trechos da obra poderiam ser alterados, visando-se à tematização de aspectos interculturais (p. ex. com uma abordagem centrada na ação e nos aprendizes; cf. Bischof/Kessling/Krechel 2003, 33ff.) no ensino de alemão e/ou português como língua estrangeira.
Modalpartikeln im DaF-Unterricht: Vermittlung und Lehrwerkanalyse
Authors: Bolacio Filho Ebal Sant Anna , Lima Thais , Barros Belino Dos Reis
Published: November 2017

O presente artigo trata das chamadas Modalpartikeln (MPn) da língua alemã e de seu ensino nas aulas de alemão como língua estrangeira (ALE/DaF). Após uma breve discussão sobre teorias que apresentam propostas distintas de explicação e ensino das MPn, passa-se à análise de uma obra didática atual a fim de se avaliar se e como as MPn são apresentadas na obra e os aportes teóricos das últimas décadas foram considerados na concepção do material didático.
COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA E ATIVIDADE IN VITRO DA PRÓPOLIS BRASILEIRA VERDE E JATAÍ SOBRE ISOLADOS CLÍNICOS DE Sporothrix brasiliensis
Authors: Waller Stefanie Bressan , Peter Cristina Mendes , Hoffmann Jéssica Fernanda , Osório Luiza Da Gama , Zani João Luiz , De Mello João Roberto Braga , De Faria Renata Osório , Fischer Geferson
Published: November 2017

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a composição química e a atividade antifúngica da própolis Brasileira Verde (abelhas Apis mellifera) e Jataí (abelhas Tetragonisca angustula) frente ao Sporothrix brasiliensis provenientes de isolados clínicos de cães, gatos e humanos. Os produtos apícolas foram preparados nas formas de extratos hidroalcoólicos, e a composição química foi determinada pela cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência acoplada à espectrometria de massas. A atividade antifúngica sobre S. brasiliensis (n: 20) foi determinada através da técnica de microdiluição em caldo (M38-A2 do Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute), adaptado para o uso de produtos naturais. Os extratos apícolas foram testados nas concentrações de 50 a 1,56 mg/mL, e o itraconazol utilizado como controle antifúngico foi testado nas concentrações de 16 a 0,03 μg/mL. Os testes foram realizados em duplicatas e os resultados expressos em concentração inibitória mínima (CIM). Na análise química, foi observada um maior conteúdo fenólico total em relação ao conteúdo flavonóide total, para ambos os extratos, havendo um maior conteúdo fenólico na própolis verde. Dos seis ácidos fenólicos e nove flavonóides detectados pela cromatografia, foram quantificados rutina, ácido cafeico, ácido clorogênico, ácido ferúlico e ácido p-cumárico, sendo este o último presente em altas concentrações para ambas as amostras, especialmente na própolis verde. Ao avaliar a atividade antifúngica sobre S. brasiliensis, nenhum dos extratos apresentou atividade inibitória nas concentrações testadas (CIM >50 mg/mL). Os isolados clínicos apresentaram sensibilidade in vitro ao itraconazol nas CIM >16 a 0,25 μg/mL. Entretanto, foram observadas cepas resistentes ao itraconazol.
Carbon monoxide isotopic measurements in Indianapolis constrain urban source isotopic signatures and support mobile fossil fuel emissions as the dominant wintertime CO source
Authors: Vimont Isaac J. , Turnbull Jocelyn C. , Petrenko Vasilii V. , Place Philip F. , Karion Anna , Miles Natasha L. , Richardson Scott J. , Gurney Kevin , Patarasuk Risa , Sweeney Colm , Vaughn Bruce , White James W.C.
Published: November 2017

We present measurements of CO mole fraction and CO stable isotopes (δ13CO and δC18O) in air during the winters of 2013–14 and 2014–15 at tall tower sampling sites in and around Indianapolis, USA. A tower located upwind of the city was used to quantitatively remove the background CO signal, allowing for the first unambiguous isotopic characterization of the urban CO source and yielding 13CO of –27.7 ± 0.5‰ VPDB and C18O of 17.7 ± 1.1‰ VSMOW for this source. We use the tower isotope measurements, results from a limited traffic study, as well as atmospheric reaction rates to examine contributions from different sources to the Indianapolis CO budget. Our results are consistent with earlier findings that traffic emissions are the dominant source, suggesting a contribution of 96% or more to the overall Indianapolis wintertime CO emissions. Our results are also consistent with the hypothesis that emissions from a small fraction of vehicles without functional catalytic systems dominate the Indianapolis CO budget.
Vitamin D, the placenta and early pregnancy: effects on trophoblast function
Authors: Ganguly Ankana , Tamblyn Jennifer A , Finn-Sell Sarah , Chan Shiao-Y , Westwood Melissa , Gupta Janesh , Kilby Mark D , Gross Stephane R , Hewison Martin
Published: November 2017

Pregnancy is associated with significant changes in vitamin D metabolism, notably increased maternal serum levels of active vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin (1,25(OH)2D). This appears to be due primarily to increased renal activity of the enzyme 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) that catalyzes synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D, but CYP27B1 expression is also prominent in both the maternal decidua and fetal trophoblast components of the placenta. The precise function of placental synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D remains unclear, but is likely to involve localized tissue-specific responses with both decidua and trophoblast also expressing the vitamin D receptor (VDR) for 1,25(OH)2D. We have previously described immunomodulatory responses to 1,25(OH)2D by diverse populations of VDR-expressing cells within the decidua. The aim of the current review is to detail the role of vitamin D in pregnancy from a trophoblast perspective, with particular emphasis on the potential role of 1,25(OH)2D as a regulator of trophoblast invasion in early pregnancy. Vitamin D deficiency is common in pregnant women, and a wide range of studies have linked low vitamin D status to adverse events in pregnancy. To date, most of these studies have focused on adverse events later in pregnancy, but the current review will explore the potential impact of vitamin D on early pregnancy, and how this may influence implantation and miscarriage.
Панцирні кліщі (Acari: Oribatida) на ділянках нафтогазорозробки з різним строком рекультивації ґрунту
Authors: Shtirts A. D. , Zhuravel N. E.
Published: November 2017

The influence of oil and gas extraction on the composition and structure of oribatid mites’ population in areas with different periods of soil remediation is researched. The ecological structure of the oribatid mites’ population in disturbed areas and in virgin steppe is compared. The ecological structure of the oribatid mites’ population of the studied oil and gas extraction areas with different soil remediation period is broken. It is typical artificial ecosystems and it characterized by the low values of species richness, average population density, indexes of ecological diversity. The dominant structure and the life forms distribution are disturbed, especially on the experimental plot 103 after completion of hydraulic fracturing.
Род Crataegus L. (Rosaceae) во флоре Нахчыванской Автономной Республики Азербайджана
Authors: Ibrahimov A.M.
Published: November 2017

The article presents the research of genus Crataegus L. diversity in the territory of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. We provided comparative analysis of specimens from the herbarium of the Institute of Botany of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Bioresources of Nakhchivan Section of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, and Nakhchivan State University to clarify the current state of the genus Crataegus L. in the flora of the Nakhichivan Autonomous Republic. Based on the analysis of field data and collected herbarium during 2004-2015 and literature data we revealed 22 species of the genus in the flora of the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic at present time. We also fixed that some 17 wildgrowing species occur in natural conditions, among them Crataegus chlorocarpa Lenne et C. Koch, C. ferganensis Pojark., C. sanguinea Pall., C. songarica C. Koch, C. turkestanica Pojark. were introducted into the culture and used in the landscaping of parks and gardens. We also considered the data on synonyms species, patterns of distribution among high-altitude zones, habitats as well as period of flowering and fruiting.
Про-антиокcидантна рівновага в печінці та м’язах cтерляді за дії штучного гіпобіозу й анестезії
Authors: V. Gryshchenko V. , Vovk N. , Shlapak О.
Published: November 2017

The pro-antioxidant balance in the liver and muscles of sterlet under the influence of artificial carbonic dioxyde hibernation and anaesthesia have been studied. In experiments were used two-years old sterlet weighing 170–210 g which were grown under conditions of a closed water supply. Four groups of five copies of each fish were formed: Control group I (fish remained intact); Group II (the clove oil was used for fish anaesthesia, which was added to the water); Group III (fish were hibernated by carbon dioxide); Group IV - control of hibernation (after complete recovery from carbon dioxide hibernation, these groups of fish were returned to the pool of incubation shop for her follow–up). The research of intensity of the formation products of peroxide oxidation of lipids (POL) in the body of sterlet in the experimental conditions were conducted by determining the content of thiobarbituric acid active products (TBA–active products) in the muscles and liver that are generated at the final stages of lipid peroxidation. The content of malonic dialdehyde (MDA), one of the intermediate products of lipid peroxidation of membrane was determined photometrically by the concentration of colored complex formed by its reaction in the acidic environment of the two molecules of thiobarbituric acid (TBA). Catalase activity was determined by the ability of hydrogen peroxide to form the stable colored complex with Molybdenum salts. The results support the adaptive character in fluctuations in the antioxidant protection system by the actions of carbon dioxide hibernation and anaesthesia on the sterlet body. This also contributes to usage of these conditions in fish transportation at long distances without stress factors.
Вплив низьких температур на поведінку, продуктивність та біоенергетичні ознаки корів за безприв’язного утримання в легкозбірних приміщеннях
Authors: Borshch O.O. , Borshch O.V. , Donchenko T. , Kosior L. , Pirova L.
Published: November 2017

We studied the effect of temperature in thermo neutral period and during low temperature on performance, daily behavior, and parameters of bioenergy of cows of Ukrainian red-spotted dairy breed. We observed the cows kept in two loose housing systems: cubicle stalls and deep litter in easy-to-assemble compartments. The decrease in temperature led to decreasing productivity (by 10.86%, 3.55 kg) of cows in cubicle stalls and by 5.65% (1.82 kg) of cows in deep litter housing; the milk fat content increased by 0.09 and 0.08% respectively. During low-temperature period, the cows spent less time feeding, drinking, and walking in both housing systems, but spent more time when relaxing compared to thermoneutral period. The decrease in the duration of cattle feed intake during low temperatures caused a decrease in cattle feed reactions and chewing time for both housing systems. Fate net consumption of nutrition energy that transfer into the milk energy (power index) have decreased in cubicle stalls cows by 2.69%  and by 1.16% in deep litter cows during low temperatures. Net energy consumption per 1 MJ of milk energy have dropped to 0.051 MJ in cubical housing cows and to 0.019 MJ in deep litter cows under low temperatures.
Rates and spectra of chromosome aberrations in winter wheat cells after dimethylsulfate action
Authors: Nazarenko M. M.
Published: November 2017

In the article we report about our investigation of cytogenetic parameters in chromosomal complex of the new Ukrainian winter wheat varieties and some relations amid value of cytological indexes and different concentrations of DMS (dimethylsulfate). We used the anaphases method for the investigation of chromosomal rearrangements and determination the mutagen action on plants and identification the nature of mutagen. We studied combined the sensitivity of genotype by the cytological analysis of mutagen treated population of wheat and revealed the reaction of different varieties depending upon the way of its origin. This was done for determining its connections and differences on cytogenetics level together with specificity of mutagen action on cell level. Dry seeds of seven varieties and one line of winter wheat were subjected to DMS in 0.0125, 0.025, and 0.05 % concentrations, which are the most useful for winter wheat in terms of genetic investigation programs. We investigated the rates and spectra of chromosomal aberrations in winter wheat (primary roots of tips cells) during the mitosis. We identified the following types of chromosomal rearrangements: chromatid and chromosome bridges, single and double fragments, micronuclei, and lagging chromosomes. Investigation of DMS action confirmed reliability of fragments-bridges ratio (prevalence of fragments under the bridges for chemical mutagens and vice versa for physical mutagens) for the mutagen nature identification.
Моніторинг залишків ветеринарних препаратів у харчових продуктах
Authors: Bayer E. V. , Novozhitskaya Yu. N. , Shevchenko L. V. , Mykhaslka V. M.
Published: November 2017

The results of studies of the content of residues of veterinary drugs in food indicate that when growing all types of productive animals, a significant number of antibiotics, sulfonamide and nitrofuran preparations of various spectrum and mechanism of action accumulate in meat, milk, eggs, as well as for preventive and therapeutic purposes and honey.

We registered that food products of animal origin contain residues of veterinary preparations that do not exceed the MPC. Despite the ban on the use of antibiotics as stimulators of animal productivity, they are more often found in pork and beef, which indicates the use of these antimicrobials in the production of productive animals. Chloramphenicol was most often found in beef and pork, in rabbit meat, goose meat, chicken meat and honey, this antibiotic was present only in sporadic cases, and in milk its presence was not proven during monitoring studies. Nitrofuran preparations were detected mainly in beef, chicken, goose and honey, and in the last reporting year (2016), their presence was not found in these products, except for honey. Studies have shown that food eggs did not contain residues of nitrofuran drugs during the study period. The use of antibacterial drugs and anthelmintics in livestock breeding is confirmed by the fact that about 40% of the samples contain residual amounts of sulfanilamide preparations in the range of 50-70% of the MPC and about 20% of the samples contain residual amounts of anthelmintics. In Ukraine, control of the remnants of veterinary drugs in food products formally is not carried out. Of the group of fluoroquinolones, only enrofloxacin and norfloxacin are monitored, of the B-lactam group, amoxicillin, ampicillin, benzylpencilin from the aminoglycoside group-gentamicin, lincomycin, streptomycin, and dihydrostreptomycin. As for sulfonamide drugs, control is conducted only for 9 seconds with a very large group of these drugs. Particular attention when controlling the content of residues of veterinary drugs in livestock products should be given to methods for identifying these substances and improving existing research methods. We also suggested to extend the indicators mentioned in the "State Monitoring Plan for Residual Amounts of Veterinary Preparations, Pollutants and Toxicants in Products of Animal Origin" for greater control over the animal production and use of antibacterial substances in the farms.
Ecología poblacional de Cittarium pica (Gastropoda: Trochide) en la isla de San Andrés, Reserva Internacional de Biósfera, Seaflower.
Authors: Rico Mora Jeimmy Paola , Mancera Pineda José Ernesto , Guerra Vargas Luis Alberto
Published: November 2017

Cittarium pica is a conspicuous gastropod of the rocky coastlines of the Caribbean. Given its importance in the diet of Caribbean communities, it has been over-exploited, even reaching extinction in some places, and the species has been included in the red lists of marine invertebrates in some countries. Its fishery in San Andres Island-Colombia is artisanal without any regulation, leading to a decrease in its population. Taking into account the socio-economic, cultural and ecological importance of C. pica and its vulnerability to extinction, it is urgent to develop management actions directed to increase the resilience of the species and its sustainability as a fishery resource. To assess the current population state of C. pica from San Andrés Island, we estimated size structure, sex structure, maturation size, and growth parameters, based on length-frequency data analysis. From September to December 2013, and January to March 2014, we randomly collected 458 individuals at eight representative sites of the rocky shores of the island. We measured the longest diameter of the shell base, determined the sex by the color of the gonad, and thus determined the minimum maturation size. We found, that 80 % of the population consisted of small individuals < 25.5 mm sizes. The sex ratio was 1:1 except in November, where males were more abundant. The minimum size at the beginning of maturity for both sexes was 14.07 mm. The growth parameters of von Bertalanffy: K (0.730 yr-1), L∞ (110.78 mm) and Φ (3.95) were higher when compared to other populations of the Caribbean. The total mortality was 3.39 yr-1, while natural and fishing mortalities were 1.02 yr-1 and 2.36 yr-1, respectively. The maximum annual recruitment pulse was estimated for June, and the maximum exploitation rate for a sustainable yield was between 0.563 and 0.640, when the catch size was greater than 40 mm or 50 mm, respectively. The exploitation rate was estimated in 0.70, suggesting a strong extractive resource pressure. With these results we recommend the closure of the fishery and constant monitoring to promote and the population recovery is verified. Until a monitoring shows that the population recovers on the island.Until a monitoring shows that the population recovers on the island.
Isolation of ammonium- and nitrite-oxidizing bacterial strains from soil, and their potential use in the reduction of nitrogen in household waste water
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Abad , Mau Inchaustegui Silvia , Piedra Castro Lilliana , Jiménez Montealegre Ricardo , Herrera Vargas Juan Pablo
Published: November 2017

Currently, nitrogen has become the main element of water pollution, causing riverine, lacustrine and coastal eutrophication. The continuous contamination of aquifers and the absence of planned water resource utilization, boost its scarcity, and has been the only way in which our societies become aware of the urgent need to process the generated wastewater. The objective of this research was to evaluate the nitrifying capacity of different autochthonous bacterial isolates from soils from nearby sources of domestic wastewater drainage. For this, bacteria were isolated from Pirro River, contaminated with nitrogen of domestic sewage. Nitrifying bacteria were counted by serial dilution and agar plates, and were isolated until obtaining axenic colonies. These were identified by biochemical batteries or genetic sequencing, and the quantification of their nitrifying capacity was obtained by the methods 4500- NH4 + -F and 4500-NO-2-B, all between September 26, 2011 and March 16, 2014. A total of seven strains of nitrifying microorganisms were isolated and purified, including four Streptomyces sp., one Pseudomonas putida, one Sphingomonas sp. and one Aeromonas sp. We found that there were 2.23 x 105 UFC/g of soil of ammonium oxidizing bacteria and 2.2 x 104 CFU/g of soil of nitrite oxidizing bacteria in the samples. The quantification of the nitrifying capacity of the strains by colorimetric methods, determined that the maximum ammonium removal capacity was 0.050 mg N/L/day and 0.903 mg N/L/day of nitrite. The collection of few strains of nitrifying organisms and a low CFU count, can be attributed to the technique used, since this only recovers 1 % of the microorganisms present in a sample, which, however, is acceptable for studies which main purpose is to obtain cultivable microorganisms. Future research should consider removal tests with higher ammonium and nitrite levels, to find the maximum capacity of the isolated microorganisms, and evaluate their potential use in wastewater treatment systems.
Distribución potencial y conectividad del paisaje: criterios para reevaluar el grado de amenaza de Campylorhynchus yucatanicus (Aves: Troglodytidae)
Authors: Serrano-Rodríguez Anay , Escalona Segura Griselda , Plasencia Vázquez Alexis H. , Iñigo Elias Eduardo E. , Ruiz-Montoya Lorena
Published: November 2017

Geographic distribution and habitat quality are key criteria for assessing the degree of risk of species extinction threat. Campylorhynchus yucatanicus (Yucatán Wren, Troglodytidae) is an endemic bird of the Northern coast of the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico, with a distribution restricted to a narrow strip of habitat, between Campeche and Yucatán states. Currently, the Yucatán coast has lost more than half of the coastal dune vegetation, and other habitats have been modified mainly because there is no urban development plan and the natural resources management is poor. These factors threaten C. yucatanicus, which is listed as a near threatened species by IUCN and as an endangered species by Mexican law NOM-059-2010. In this paper, C. yucatanicus´s potential distribution was modeled using 64 presence records from several sources (1960 y 2009), a set of climate variables, and a vegetation index layer of normalized difference (NDVI). To assess the degree of landscape connectivity we used a map of vegetation types and land use, distance to villages and paved roads. The potential distribution model showed an area of approximately 2 711 km2, which is 2 % of the total area of the Yucatán Peninsula distribution. In this area, only 27 % is protected by Biosphere Reserve category and only 10 % belong to core conservation areas, with land use restrictions and relatively effective protection. The populations from Ría Lagartos and Western Celestún regions appear to be the most isolated following the model of landscape connectivity. Landscape permeability among fragments of dune vegetation near the coast is low, mainly due to the distribution of urban areas. These results can be used to establish management strategies, and show that the species is in more delicate conditions than what it has been described by IUCN. We consider that C. yucatanicus should be given endangered category by IUCN, because of their distribution and the context of the current landscape connectivity.
Variaciones alométricas durante el crecimiento en siete especies de garzas (Aves: Ardeidae)
Authors: Denis Dennis
Published: November 2017

The order Ciconiiformes include wading bird species of sizes from medium to high, with body growth dynamic that can be analyzed to enlighten micro evolutionary trends. Egrets and herons (family Ardeidae) evolved from a common ancestor, but there are differences in adult body shapes, and their evolution has been suggested to be based on heterochronic processes. However, previous researches on growth have focused only in lineal dimension, and alometric changes have not been studied. In the current paper I described changes in body proportions during growth in seven ardeid species, and analyzed body growth under a phylogenetic point of view, to identify the primitive morphology pattern among genus Butorides and Nycticorax. For this purpose, I calculated bill/tarsus rate in 353 nestlings, measured between 1998 and 2006, and assessed their changes with age and body weight. All species showed marked differences in proportion changes extension between hatching and an analogous growth moment, except Bubulcus that grows almost isometrically. Alometric changes during growth and at hatch, generate a differential growth that produced the different adult morphologies expressed among egrets and herons. The general trends were toward a slight increase in the middle of the growth period up to a lowering to almost the same initial proportions. Growth in the first life stages tends to be more isometric and differences get higher latter in growth. The hypothesis of Nycticorax as peramorphic morfotype is more parsimonious with changes trends in the group, resulting in a relative extremities extension with positive alometry in bill and tarsus in all species. This hypothesis is consistent with a gradual hipermorphosis that reaches a maximum expression in Ardea.
Efecto de la estructura del cultivo de palma de aceite Elaeis guineensis (Arecaceae) sobre la diversidad de aves en un paisaje de la Orinoquía colombiana
Authors: Tamaris Diana Patricia , López Hugo Fernando , Romero Nabhi
Published: November 2017

The expansion of oil palm plantations has caused drastic changes in natural ecosystems and modifications in the vegetation structure, reducing available habitat for native bird species. We studied birds associated with oil palm plantations plots of different palm size classes, in the foothills of the Colombian Orinoquia region, from August 2013 and February 2014. The palm size clases were three: small up to 6 m height; medium up to 10 m; and large up to 15 m; in each plot we counted birds through line transects, and compared their bird composition, richness, and abundance, and described trophic group structure. We recorded a total of 468 individuals, belonging to 44 bird species and 23 families. Gymnomystax mexicanus, Crotophaga ani and Milvago chimachima were the most abundant species, the first tow representing 4.5 % of the abundant species; 25 % had intermediate abundances and 70.4 % were rare in the plantations area. In terms of the abundance of bird species, medium and large palms plots were more similar. Bird community found in plots with large palms had the highest diversity and uniformity (2.63 and 0.8907, respectively), while in those of small palms it was a greater dominance and abundance of individual birds (0.1825 and 252, each one). For the entire plantation, insectivorous and carnivorous birds predominated, and had greater association with small and large palms. Oil palm stands serve as suitable habitats for a small number of widespread bird species, and the height does not seem to be an important factor, that may meaningfully benefit the composition, richness and abundance of bird species associated with the plantations.
Atributos dendrométricos, estructura poblacional y diversidad de estadios de Dioon holmgrenii (Cycadales: Zamiaceae)
Authors: Velasco-García Mario Valerio , Valdez-Hernández Juan Ignacio , Ramírez-Herrera Carlos , Hernández-Hernández María Luisa
Published: November 2017

Dioon holmgrenii is an endangered species and found in Southern Oaxaca, Mexico. Notwithstanding the extintion condition of this species, there is no relevant information on the ecological aspects of its populations, and this situation complicates the approval of management plans for its conservation. Our aim was to study D. holmgrenii forest characteristics, population structure and life-stages diversity in ten populations located in Sierra Madre del Sur, Oaxaca. For this, four sampling units (SU) measuring 25 x 50 m each (1 250 m2) were established per population, 40 SU in total (50 000 m2). Basal diameter (BD), basal area (BA), stem height (AT), crown diameter (DC), crown area (AC), and number of leaves (NH), were measured for each individual, from January to May 2013. Additionally, plant density, population structure, structural dominance index (IDE), heterogeneity (H'), evenness (E) and similarity (ISct) of life-stages (seedling, juvenile 1, juvenile 2, pre-reproductive, adult 1, adult 2, adult 3, and adult 4) were assessed. Plant density ranged from 148 to 954 individuals ha-1. Total basal area ranged from 1.3 to 17.6 m2.ha-1, and total crown area varied from 78.3 to 1 136.3 m2.ha-1. Forest traits of each individual (DB= 7.7 to 13.4 cm, AB= 0.010 to 0.023 m2, AT= 0.20 to 0.47 m, DC= 0.49 to 1.09 m, AC= 0.55 to 1.55 m2 and NH= 7.06 to 14.90) were different (p˂0.05) among populations. The highest values of IDE (0.01 to 5.63) were found in adult 1 and adult 2 in all populations. The most common population structure was found in those populations with the lowest proportions in juvenile 1 and juvenile 2, and the highest proportion in adult 1. Heterogeneity (H'= 1.05 to 1.71) and uniformity (E= 0.57 to 0.88) of life-stages were significantly different among populations (p˂0.05), and at least four life-stages (3.91= 48.9x8/100) were different among populations for half of the comparisons (22 of 45) of similarity (ISct < 0.68). Alfa diversity of life-stages was high in populations without plant damage, while beta diversity was low in those populations with human presence. Life-stages with the highest reproductive vigour (adult 1, adult 2) showed the highest structural dominance in all populations. These results may support the design and operation of management plans of D. holmgrenii populations, to enhance its protection in the area.