bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EDUKASI PERUBAHAN PERILAKU PENERAPAN 3M PENCEGAHAN PENULARAN COVID-19 DI KOTA SURAKARTA
Authors: Ramadhani Alinda Nur , Romadhoni Dea Linia
Published: October 2023

Pemerintah Indonesia telah mengambil langkah-langkah dan kebijakan penanggulangan pandemi Covid-19. Salah satu langkah pencegahan yang sedang digiatkan oleh pemerintah yaitu penerapan adaptasi kebiasaan baru dengan 3M (memakai masker, menjaga jarak dan mencuci tangan dengan sabun). Namun, pada kenyataannya langkah-langkah tersebut masih kurang optimal dilakukan oleh masyarakat, sehingga jumlah kasus positif terus meningkat. Hasil observasi di beberapa tempat umum masih terpantau masyarakat yang tidak menggunakan masker atau tidak menjaga jarak dalam kerumunan. Hal ini menggambarkan masih ada masyarakat kota Surakarta yang kurang memahami dan mematuhi penerapan 3M sebagai upaya pencegahan penularan Covid-19. Metode kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk membantu memecahkan masalah yaitu dengan melakukan edukasi pada pedagang dan pengunjung Pasar Klewer dan Pasar Gedhe Kota Surakarta tentang penerapan protokol kesehatan 3M (memakai masker, menjaga jarak dan mencuci tangan) sebagai upaya pencegahan pencegahan Covid-19. Edukasi dilakukan dengan media poster dan leaflet, disertai dengan praktik cara memakai masker dan cara mencuci tangan yang benar serta pembagian masker, hand sanitizer dan sabun cuci tangan.
PENYULUHAN INOVASI PENGEMASAN PRODUK USAHA DARING PADA KOMUNITAS WIRAUSAHA CARIMITRABISNIS SURAKARTA
Authors: Agra Belligo
Published: October 2023

During the Covid-19 pandemic, many MSMEs experienced a decline in sales. One of the main problems is the shift in consumer shopping styles to online shopping and the decline in consumer buying interest. The solution offered for this problem is packaging innovation and product design. This community service aims to provide counseling and assistance to partners regarding packaging innovation and product design. This community service partner is the Carimitrabisnis entrepreneurial community. This community consists of 35 entrepreneurs from various business fields in Surakarta. The expected outcome of this community service activity is for partners to gain knowledge about the importance of trademark design, packaging, and direction to partners in terms of promotion through the internet to increase the number of sales.
PENINGKATAN JUMLAH PENJUALAN SAPI POTONG BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI MELALUI E-COMMERCE DI DESA SAMBI, KABUPATEN BOYOLALI
Authors: Utomo Fahman Hadi
Published: October 2023

This community service activity was carried out on Monday 5 April 2021. The implementation of service on increasing beef cattle sales with E-commerce involved one partner, namely the IZZAH SEJAHTERA MULTIFARM livestock farmer group, a beef cattle farm located in Ringinwok RT03/RW01, Jagoan Village, District Sambi, Boyolali Regency, Central Java with a population of 19 beef cattle. This beef cattle business is managed by a manager, Mr. Sulistyo, ST who is also the owner of the livestock business and two employees. The activities carried out include, Introduction and socialization about sales using the Facebook social media marketplace, Conducting training on how to make sales using the Facebook social media marketplace. Participants in community service activities were very enthusiastic about participating in the activity from beginning to end, even though in this activity they used e-meeting because the situation and conditions were still in the Covid-19 pandemic. Participants in the training on creating a Facebook marketplace account are very interested because so far partners are still using conventional marketing Keywords: Pelatihan; Pendampingan; Pemasaran.
OPTIMALISASI PERAN KADER AISYIYAH DALAM PROGRAM KELUARGA BERENCANA MELALUI DESIMINASI SISTEM INFORMASI KONTRASEPSI RASIONAL (SIKONTRAS)
Authors: Permatahati Ita , Widayati Rina Sri
Published: October 2023

Peran program KB sangat besar pengaruhnya terhadap kesehatan reproduksi seseorang, baik itu untuk kesehatan reproduksi wanita maupun kesehatan reproduksi pria. Peran KB bagi kesehatan reproduksi wanita diantaranya yaitu menghindari dari bahaya infeksi, eklamsia, abortus, emboli obstetri, komplikasi masa puerpureum (nifas), serta terjadinya pendarahan yang disebabkan karena sering melakukan proses persalinan (Depkes, 2007). Kegiatan berlangsung tiga hari denganÂ  menyesuaikan jadwal dari objek, pelaksanaan kegiatan melibatkan mahasiswa untuk dapat membantu berjalannya kegiatan. kegiatan tersebut tetap memperhatikan protokol kesehatan yaitu hidup sehat dan bersih sesuai anjuran pemerintah dalam memutus mata rantai penyebaran covid 19. Metode yang digunakan pendekatan edukasi kepada mitra terkait perencanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat, Sosialisasi terkait sistem SIKONTRAS, Simulasi mengakses sistem SIKONTRAS, dengan alamat URL sikontras.aiska-university.ac.id, Pendampingan langsung dalam kegiatan praktikum penerapan media promosi kesehatan berbasis website, Ceramah dan parktik langsung menggunakan sistem SIKONTRAS. Hasil peningkatan pengetahuan tentang system SIKONTRAS beserta contens yang ada didalamnya, dari 20 % berpengetahuan baik menjadi 80 % berpengetahuan baik, Peningkatan ketrampilan dari 30 % mampu mengaksesÂ  system mejadi 100 % mampu mengakses system tersebut dan mempraktikkan kepada klien.
PENERAPAN SLOW DEEP BREATHING EXERCISE SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PENINGKATAN HIPERTENSI DI KECAMATAN JEBRES SURAKARTA
Authors: Sugita Ria Nurdiana , Syaharani Aliza Berliana , Irawan Natasya Eskadevi , Mirawati Dita
Published: October 2023

Hypertension or commonly referred to as high blood pressure is a non-communicable disease where the working conditions of the blood vessels work with strong pressure. Hypertension is also called the silent killer because the symptoms are not obvious. The highest prevalence of hypertension occurs at the age of 55-64 years with a percentage of 55.2% and the lowest at the age of 18 years with a percentage of 34.1%. In the area of RT 02 RW 12, Jebres District, hypertension is the most common disease. To deal with this, hypertension counseling and Slow Deep Breathing Exercise training were carried out as an effort to reduce the increase in hypertension. Slow Deep Breathing Exercise is an exercise that is used to reduce the level of increased hypertension by taking a deep breath in with the stomach inflated and exhaling slowly through the lips by contracting the stomach. The results obtained from hypertension counseling activities and Slow Deep Breathing Exercise training, the community of RT 02 RW 12 Jebres District became educated and had non-pharmacological solutions to reduce hypertension.
RUSAVA-2, A NEW LOCALITY OF MID-PLEISTOCENE FAUNA AND PALYNOFLORA IN UKRAINE: GEOLOGY, PALAEONTOLOGY, PALAEOGEOGRAPHY AND RELATIVE GEOCHRONOLOGY
Authors: Krokhmal O.I. , Komar M.S. , Anistratenko O.Y. , Logvinenko V.M. , Ivanoff D.V.
Published: October 2023

This paper reports the results of field geological studies of Rusava-2 section recently discovered in Vinnytsia Region and an examination of the fossil fauna and palynoflora from the locality to provide a deeper and integrated characterisation of the Pleistocene deposits of the Middle Dniester area of Ukraine. Ten taxa of mammals were identified in the alluvial series of the terrace: Equus (Equus) mosbachensis, Bison sp., Cervus sp., Vulpes cf. vulpes, Ochotona ex gr. pusilla, Prolagurus cf. posterius, Arvicola mosbachensis, Mimomys sp., Microtus sp., Allocricetus bursae. The invertebrate fossils represent the ostracod Pseudocandona compressa, 11 species and subspecies of Pleistocene freshwater molluscs, and also include redeposited gastropod shells of the Sarmatian age. A palaeogeographic reconstruction of the development of the terrace complex deposits was made and a relative geological age of the alluvial sediments of the terrace was estimated. The numbering of the Pleistocene terraces of Ukrainian rivers was discussed and the chronocorrelative terraces were proposed to be described as geological bodies with paleontological-chronostratigraphic characteristics. The conducted palynological analysis of the subaerial sediment cover of the terrace suggests a change in vegetation from the meadow-steppe type through coniferous-birch communities to coniferous forests with a small admixture of broadleaved trees. The biostratigraphic analysis indicates the correlation of the subaqueous sediments of the Rusava-2 section with the early Middle Neopleistocene deposits and with the above-floodplain Zavadivka-Dnieper terraces containing the fauna of the Babel therioassociation and flora of the Zavadivka thermochrone.
El enfoque integracionista del derecho: una reseña a la obra de Lariguet
Authors: Vercellone Adriana Laura
Published: October 2023

Esta reseña recupera las principales ideas desarrolladas por Guillermo Lariguet en su libro “La dimensión moral del derecho”. Se adopta un enfoque principalmente descriptivo, orientado a reconstruir las líneas argumentales de cada uno de los nueve capítulos que lo componen y revelar sus elementos en común. Así, se destaca en el libro una rigurosa crítica al positivismo metodológico elaborada por el autor con una gran solidez argumentativa. En su conjunto, el texto representa un verdadero reto para el positivismo y una lectura obligada para cualquiera que pretenda tomarse en serio sus reflexiones acerca del derecho.
Evaluation of the effect of preoperative use of pregabalin on pain in patients with metabolic syndrome during knee arthroscopy
Authors: Zenkina L. M. , Skobenko Y. O. , Osadcha S. О. , Kuprii V. O.
Published: October 2023

nee arthroscopy is a common surgical procedure often accompanied by significant postoperative pain syndrome. As pain limits patient mobility and prolongs patients’ hospitalization, the development of optimal pain management with minimal side effects for early activation and full recovery of patients is urgent.
Objective — to assess the impact of preoperative administration of pregabalin on postoperative pain syndrome in patients with metabolic syndrome after arthroscopic knee surgery.
Materials and methods. A double‑blind, placebo‑controlled study was conducted, involving 50 patients admitted to the Orthopedic Department of the State Scientific Institution «Center for Innovative Medical Technologies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine» between the years 2020 and 2023. Patients, scheduled for knee arthroscopy, were randomly divided into two equal groups, receiving placebo or pregabalin at a dose of 300 mg 2 hours before surgery, the drug was administered orally 12 hours later.
Results. The results demonstrated a reduction in static pain intensity within 24 hours and a decrease in dynamic pain intensity after 48 hours among patients who received pregabalin before the surgery. Pregabalin administration prior to knee arthroscopy in patients with metabolic syndrome was associated with lower opioid consumption at 24 hours.
Conclusions. The effectiveness of the preoperative pregabalin administration in reducing the postoperative pain syndrome in patients who underwent arthroscopic surgery on the knee joint has been established. However, further research is warranted to determine the optimal dosage and timing of pregabalin administration for this specific patient population.
Thyroid gland and heart: a cardiologist’s view on an endocrinological pathology. Review
Authors: Кondratiuk V. E. , Stakhova А. P.
Published: October 2023

The review of the literature considered the mechanism of action and the role of thyroid hormones (TH) on cardiovascular hemodynamics and, subsequently, on changes in the myocardial structure. A brief description of the genomic and non‑genomic mechanisms of thyroid hormones is provided. The mechanisms of thyroid hormones’ effects on the development of arterial and pulmonary hypertension, atrial fibrillation are highlighted. Attention is focused on the fact that congestive heart failure of the dilatation type develops against the background of hyperthyroidism. A possible connection between thyroid hyperfunction and Takotsubo stress‑induced cardiomyopathy was investigated. The impact of subclinical hyperthyroidism on the development and progression of cardiac pathology is illustrated. The mechanism of influence of hypothyroidism on the parameters of the lipid spectrum, acute phase proteins, insulin sensitivity, but not only the contractile function of the myocardium was considered. Changes in the electrical activity of the heart and its structural and functional changes were determined. Attention is focused on the importance of achieving euthyroidism in both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Stress‑induced Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is closely related to the hyperthyroid state and is often accompanied by the development of cardiogenic shock. Hyperthyroidism is associated with an increased risk of permanent atrial fibrillation and hypercoagulability. The achievement of euthyroid state can result in the reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy and decrease in the heart chamber dilatation. Even subclinical hyperthyroidism increases the risks of overall mortality and cardiovascular events, especially in the elderly persons. Patients with hypothyroidism are characterized by the development of anemia, dyslipidemia, decreased sensitivity to insulin, which is associated with endothelial dysfunction. In hypothyroidism, in contrast to hyperthyroidism, the risk of atrial fibrillation development is lower due to an increase in the arrhythmogenic threshold, but more typical disorders include sinus bradycardia, atrioventricular blocks of various degrees and prolongation of the QT interval, which are associated with the early development of impaired myocardial relaxation. For patients with thyroid pathology, the achievement of euthyroidism is mandatory to ensure cardio‑ and vasoprotection.
Possibilities of immunocytochemical staining for HBME-1 expression in the «diagnostic search» of differentiated thyroid cancer. Own investigation
Authors: Nechay O. P. , Belemets N. I. , Palamarchuk V. O. , Kvitka D. M. , Kozachuk Y. S. , Tovkai O. A.
Published: October 2023

Objective — to investigate HBME-1 expression variants on cytological material classified as doubtful (III, IV, V), according to the Bethesda categories, to evaluate the value of the HBME-1 expression test on the corresponding histological material of nodular goiter, follicular tumor with an uncertain potential for malignancy for the differential diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma (ThC).
Materials and methods. The analysis was performed on the data of 14 patients with thyroid nodular lesions and cytological Bethesda categories III, IV, and V (“gray zone“). The HBME-1 expression was determined by the results of immunocytochemical (ICC) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining with the use of mouse monoclonal antibodies against human HBME-1 (1 : 500; cat № BSB 3459; «Bio SB» «Bioscince for the World» Santa Barbara USA). The HBME-1 expression grade was calculated as the sum of the score for staining intensity and cytoplasmic positive cells square, present in the IHC sample. HBME-1 positive result was considered with an IHC score >6 point.
Results. From 14 investigated patients, five were defined as HBME-1 positive. According to the postoperative histological conclusion for the group of HBME-1 positive patients, thyroid carcinoma was diagnosed in four subjects, including three cases of papillary ThC and one follicular ThC; in one patient follicular tumor of uncertain malignant potential (FT-UMP) was reported. Importantly, immunocytochemical and immunohistochemical HBME-1 reactions in the specimens of these patients were of the same intensity. Among 9 HBME-1 preoperative negative patients, none had malignancy according to the final histological study. Nodular goiter was diagnosed in six patients, and tumor of uncertain malignant potential (FT-UMP) was reported for three subjects. Histological specimens of all 9 patients were HBME-1 negative as well. The obtained results demonstrated an increase in cancer detection rates with increasing Bethesda category. Application of statistical software for biomedical research МedCalc revealed that positive predictive value (PPV) of the HBME-1 expression test was 80% (95% confidence interval CI 38.4—96.3%), and diagnostic efficiency was 92.9% (CI 66.1—99.8%). These results suggest the great potential of the test, however, due to the limited observations, the confidence intervals are too wide.
Conclusions. HBME-1 can be used as an immuno­cytochemical marker for the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules, its use will help to reduce the number of unnecessary surgical removals of benign tumors, which will improve the quality of life of patients and reduce the burden on medical services.
Diagnosis and treatment of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Review
Authors: Tkach S. M.
Published: October 2023

Metabolic‑associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a new clinical definition of fatty liver disease that changes the definition of non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) from a disease of exclusion to a disease of inclusion, in which the main pathogenic processes originate from metabolic dysfunction, primarily in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. In recent years, MAFLD has become an epidemic and is closely associated with T2DM and a significant synergistic increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease. The presence of MAFLD significantly increases the risk of T2DM development, and the risk of new onset of T2DM in patients with MAFLD doubles. When managing patients with MAFLD and T2DM, the presence of fibrous nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) should be actively detected, for which non‑invasive indicators should first be used, such as FIB‑4 and FNI, which are available at the level of primary care. Despite evidence of utility in improving diagnosis, the effectiveness of many of the above non‑invasive tests for detecting fibrosis, particularly in unselected populations with advanced fibrosis, is low and generally remains uncertain at the primary care level. Modifications of lifestyle and diet have traditionally been considered the best therapeutic option for MAFLD in T2DM, with weight loss of ≥7% significantly improving steatosis, leading to reductions in NASH activity and glycemia. At the same time, only 40% of patients achieve this goal and reduce the activity of steatohepatitis, emphasizing the difficulty in treating MAFLD only by lifestyle changes. Nevertheless, mandatory dietary and lifestyle modification should still be recommended for patients with MAFLD, along with antidiabetic drugs that can reduce liver enzyme activity, inflammation, and fibrosis, such as PPARγ inhibitors, SGLT‑2i, GLP‑1 RA, as well as dual GIP and GLP‑1 RA agonists.
Assessment of the efficacy of the combination of α-lipoic acid preparation and synbiotics in the protocol therapy of hypothyroidism combined with chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Salamadze O. О. , Babinets L. S.
Published: October 2023

Hypothyroidism (Ht) is a common clinical condition with variable prevalence. This disease is often associated with chronic pancreatitis (CP). Consensus exists regarding the necessity to treat patients with Ht in comorbidity with CP to reduce the risk of complications and the frequency of exacerbations, to reduce the activity of the progression of the pathological process, and to improve the quality of life.
Objective — to evaluate the effects of additional use of thioctic acid and synbiotics combination in the conventional treatment on the indicators of the functional state of thyroid gland (THG) and pancreas in patients with Ht in comorbidity with CP.
Materials and methods. Investigation involved 107 patients with a comorbid course of Ht and CP, who were divided into 3 groups according to the complex treatment programs: the first group consisted of 32 subjects, who received protocol treatment (PT) of Ht and CP, the second included 36 patients (PT + α‑lipoic acid preparation (Dialipon Turbo), the third — 39 patients (PT + α‑lipoic acid preparation + synbiotic (Lactimak Forte). The groups were comparable by age and gender. The functional state of the pancreas was assessed using the level of fecal α‑elastase (enzyme immunoassay), pancreatic α‑amylase (immunochemical method), and the coprogram index in points. Thyroid function was assessed by the levels of thyrotropic hormone TSH, free triiodothyronine T3 and free thyroxine T4 (chemiluminescent immunoassay). The obtained data were processed with statistical methods.
Results. The positive dynamics was established in all groups, but the degree of its expression differed. Thus, the level of fecal α‑elastase increased by 57.54% — in the 1st group, by 78.27% — in the 2nd group, by 89.94% — in the 3rd group; pancreatic α‑amylase decreased by 29.68% — in the 1st group, by 39.19% — in the 2nd group, by 42.44% — in the 3rd group; the total coprogram index decreased by 25.11% — in the 1st group, by 47.57% — in the 2nd group, by 84.91% — in the 3rd group. T3 dynamics was 13.9% in the 1st group, 48.69% in the 2nd group, 78.17% in the 3rd group. Dynamics of T4 — 11.3% in the 1st group, 29.98% — in the 2nd group, 35.37% — in the 3rd group. The dynamics of TSH was 19.66%, 31.81%, 69.41%, respectively.
Conclusions. It has been proven that the use of the proposed treatment regimen including the combination of the drug α‑lipoic acid and the synbiotic Laktimak Forte promoted the improvement of pancreas functions and levels of thyroid hormones compared to those in the group of protocol treatment: the level of fecal α‑elastase increased by 89.94%; pancreatic α‑amylase — by 42.44%; coprogram index — by 84.91%; T3 — by 78.17%; T4 — by 35.37%; TSH — by 69.41% (p <0.01).
Impact of wartime stress factors on the metabolic status of the civilian population
Authors: Kolesnikova O. V. , Zaprovalna O. Y. , Yemelianova N. Y. , Radchenko A. O. , Galchinska V. Y.
Published: October 2023

Materials and methods. As part of the longitudinal study, 29 civilians were examined; all of them remained in their place of residence during the war, were not directly in the combat areas and did not receive physical damage. Body composition was determined by the method of bioelectrical impedance using Composition Monitor BF511, Omron, including body fat percentage (FAT, %), skeletal muscle percentage (MUS, %), visceral fat level (VIS, %). Hematological and biochemical investigations were conducted according to the standard methods. The enzyme immunoassay with appropriate sets of reagents was used to determine serum levels of insulin, C­reactive protein, sirtuin­1 (SIRT1), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF­α), and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). The saliva cortisol levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay as well. Molecular genetic studies included determination of the relative length of telomeres of blood leukocytes.
Results. The mean age of the examined subjects was 53.05 ± 12.06 years, women made up 55.2 % (n = 16). The average time between the prewar visit and the wartime visit was 12.1 ± 2.4 months. When assessing the anthropometric status of the increase in the body mass index, waist circumference and hips: (26.82 ± 3.58 vs 29.67 ± 3.92 kg/m2, p = 0.0184; 84.93 ± 15.58 vs 100.03 ± 12.57 cm, p = 0.0021; 98.57 ± 6.69 vs 106.75 ± 6.73 cm, p = 0.0004), respectively. The most significant changes occurred in the VIS indicator (8.77 ± 3.44 vs 12.88 ± 4.57, p = 0.0003). The significant changes of other parameters were not observed during the study. Correlation analysis of stress indicators (cortisol, DHEA and their ratio) with clinical anthropometric and metabolic indicators, demonstrated their probable association with body composition (cortisol/DHEA & MUS, cortisol/DHEA & FAT), lipid metabolism disorder (cortisol/DHEA & total cholesterol, cortisol/DHEA & low­density lipoprotein cholesterol) and the number of leukocytes (p < 0.05).
Conclusions. Among the civilian population, persons who remained in their place of residence during the war showed negative changes in anthropometric status compared to the pre­war period. The impact of a psychotraumatic factor on the anthropometric status, body composition and lipid metabolism in persons who did not change their place of residence during the war is confirmed by the highly probable relationship of the stress indicator (cortisol/DHEA ratio) with the corresponding indicators. Among the civilian population, in persons who did not change their place of residence during the war, no reliable changes in the parameters related to aging (telomeres, SIRT1) compared to the pre­war period were demonstrated.
Evaluating Distributive Fairness of Remuneration System: The Role of Equity Sensitivity in Explaining Employee Well-being and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour
Authors: Yuliana Elsa Sari , Zawitri Sari , PS Widodo , Kartikawati Theresia Siwi
Published: October 2023

This study aims to test the effect of remuneration system fairness on subjective well-being and OCB. This research also aims to test the moderating role of equity sensitivity in the effect of remuneration system fairness on subjective well-being. The technique of sample collection employed purposive sampling technique. The hypothesis testing employed path coefficient value and t-test using SmartPLS 3.0. In accordance with the test results show that in the context of public universities in Indonesia, namely PU, employee OCB is influenced by the remuneration system variable and subjective welfare variable. This study also concludes that subjective well-being is a mediator between the two. On the other hand, the moderating role of equity sensitivity in the effect of fairness remuneration on subjective well-being is not well-proven. Theoretically, this research provides generalization to the previous studies, as well as complementing the need for balancing mediator and moderator variables in the correlation between remuneration system fairness and OCB. Practically, this study denotes that organizations need to take concern about fairness in the regulations of remuneration system.
Teologi Kerahiman Allah: Sebuah respons teologis terhadap teknologi ektogenesis
Authors: Abraham Rubin Adi , Purnama Jellia Puspa
Published: October 2023

Ectogenesis technology, where the process of pregnancy can occur outside the human body through the use of an artificial womb, raises the question of whether the use of artificial wombs is in line with the concept of God's Womb Theology, as humans are created to reflect God's presence over this world. This study explores the theological construction of God's mercy to gain a Biblical perspective on the existence of Ectogenesis technology currently being developed. The study employs a qualitative method by conducting a literature review to find answers. Based on the conducted study, it is found that the existence of artificial wombs is not in harmony with the concept of God’s Womb Theology. The planned use of artificial intelligence in these artificial wombs does not reflect the character and power of God, which are manifested through the natural process of pregnancy within the human womb. This research aims to enable Christians to hold a firm and unified stance in responding to the existence of Ectogenesis technology while also contributing thoughtful insights to other academic disciplines. This is because the reproduction process is intertwined with God's presence as the Creator.AbstrakTeknologi Ektogenesis di mana proses kehamilan dapat terjadi di luar tubuh manusia melalui penggunaan rahim buatan menimbulkan pemikiran apakah penggunaan rahim buatan ini selaras dengan teologi kerahiman Allah, karena manusia diciptakan untuk merefleksikan keberadaan Allah atas dunia ini. Penelitian ini melakukan kajian konstruksi teologis kerahiman Allah untuk mendapatkan tinjauan Alkitab terhadap keberadaan teknologi Ektogenesis yang saat ini tengah dikembangkan. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan kajian literatur untuk dapat menemukan jawaban. Berdasarkan kajian yang dilakukan ditemukan bahwa keberadaan rahim buatan tidak selaras dengan teologi kerahiman Allah, di mana rahim buatan yang juga direncanakan akan menggunakan kecerdasan buatan dalam pelaksanaannya tidak merefleksikan karakter dan kuasa Allah yang terwujud melalui proses kehamilan di dalam kandungan manusia. Melalui penelitian ini diharapkan agar umat Kristen bisa memiliki sikap yang tegas dan solid dalam menanggapi keberadaan teknologi Ektogenesis ini serta memberikan sumbangan pemikiran bagi bidang disiplin ilmu lainnya sebab proses reproduksi merupakan proses yang terintegrasi dengan keberadaan Allah sebagai Sang Pencipta.
Mencahayai the dark night of the soul dan signifikansi teologi estetika dalam ziarah pemulihan trauma
Authors: Harefa Oinike Natalia
Published: October 2023

Traumatic experiences, either experienced personally or communally due to unforeseeable events, can lead to prolonged suffering. Therefore, resources for trauma healing are essential. Trauma healing may undergo a process called the dark night of the soul, a historical event with potentially painful and destructive processes, yet leading to liberation from the trauma's grip. This paper aims to elaborate on the dark night of the soul based on the experiences of Teresa of Avila using an Aesthetic Theology perspective. I employ a qualitative research method utilizing literature reviews and interviews. The beginning of this article emphasizes trauma as a theological issue, indicating a need to provide answers that lead to hope. I also interpret trauma as a condition closely related to the concept of the dark night of the soul. The experiences of Teresa of Avila are discussed in detail. My findings are that the idea of the dark night of the soul, from an Aesthetic Theology perspective, can serve as a theological resource for the pilgrimage of trauma recovery. AbstrakPengalaman traumatik yang dialami secara personal maupun komunal oleh karena peristiwa yang tak tertanggungkan dapat membawa pada penderitaan yang berkepanjangan. Oleh karena itu, sumber-sumber pemulihan trauma dibutuhkan. Pemulihan trauma dapat melewati proses yang disebut dengan the dark night of the soul, yakni peristiwa historis dengan proses yang dapat saja menyakitkan dan menghancurkan namun membawa pada pembebasan dari keterikatan pada trauma tersebut. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi the dark night of the soul berdasarkan pengalaman Teresa dari Avila dengan menggunakan perspektif Teologi Estetika. Saya menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan studi kepustakaan dan wawancara. Bagian awal artikel ini menekankan trauma sebagai persoalan teologis sehingga ada kebutuhan untuk memberi jawaban yang menuntun pada pengharapan. Saya juga memaknai trauma sebagai kondisi yang dekat dengan konsep the dark night of the soul. Pengalaman Teresa dari Avila dibahas secara khusus. Temuan saya adalah konsep the dark night of the soul berdasarkan perspektif Teologi Estetika dapat menjadi sumber teologi bagi ziarah pemulihan trauma.
The first hijrah: Remembering the migration of the followers of the prophet Muhammad to Ethiopia as an effort to reduce intolerance in Indonesia
Authors: Sembiring William Wahyu
Published: October 2023

Due to increased extremism and conservatism, Christian-Islam ties in Indonesia have deteriorated in recent years. The real impact of these events is intolerance in numerous facets of Indonesian life. This article aims to analyze the migration of followers of the Prophet Muhammad to Ethiopia as a joint event between the two major religious communities in the world, namely Islam and Christianity. This event contains meaning and value that show the excellent relations between the two Abrahamic religions since Islam first arrived. This study uses a qualitative-historical method by looking at and comparing several written sources, such as Binsar J. Pakpahan’s theory about the theology of remembrance, as a reference in explaining the historical situation that occurred. The results of this paper show that remembering past events can be used to reduce extremism, conservatism, and intolerance.
Pembelajaran berbasis semiotika bagi kecerdasan spiritual anak dalam konteks keluarga Kristen Toraja
Authors: Rantesalu Syani Bombongan , Herman Joffri
Published: October 2023

The struggle to educate children spiritually cannot be separated from the question, is learning carried out effectively in various ways, or is it burdensome? There are many ways to achieve educational goals, from changing the curriculum. However, something that is sometimes forgotten is the study of semiotics, which is related to signs, where these signs have meaning and can be understood. In the Toraja context, many signs are generally understood, whether in symbols or poetry, which are generally understood in terms of their meaning and purpose. If it is related to spirituality, then this sign, which is generally understood, is related to beliefs in life, values, and rules adhered to by the Torajan people. This research aims to develop children's spirituality by analyzing the symbols in Tana Toraja based on learning Deuteronomy 6:4-9. Semiotics-based learning is very effective and interesting because it does not require children to memorize or force them to understand learning with new concepts but with symbols that are ingrained, both verbal and non-verbal. The results of this research can also be a reference for learning in developing spiritual intelligence globally because symbols are so close to everyone in various regions and countries. AbstrakPergumulan dalam mencerdaskan anak secara spiritual tidak terlepas dari pertanyaan, apakah pembelajaran itu terlaksanakan secara efektif dengan berbagai cara, ataukah justru membebani? Banyak cara yang ditempuh untuk sampain pada tujuan pendidikan yang dimulai dari perubahan kurikulum. Namun, hal yang terkadang dilupakan adalah pembelajaran semiotika, yang berkaitan dengan tanda, di mana tanda tersebut memiliki makna dan dapat dimengerti. Dalam konteks Toraja, banyak tanda yang dipahami secara umum baik itu berupa simbol, mau-pun syair, yang kemudian dipahami secara umum baik makna maupun tujuannya. Jika dikaitkan dengan spiritualitas, maka tanda yang secara umum dipahami ini berkaitan dengan kepercayaan atas nilai-nilai kehidu-pan maupun aturan yang dianut oleh orang Toraja. Penelitian ini bertu-juan untuk mengembangkan spiritualitas anak dengan menganalisis sim-bol-simbol yang ada di Tana Toraja berdasar pada pembelajaran Ulangan 6:4-9. Pembelajaran berbasis semiotika sangatlah efektif dan menarik karena tidak menuntut anak untuk menghafal ataupun memaksa mema-hami pembelajaran dengan konsep yang baru, melainkan dengan simbol-simbol yang telah mendarah daging, baik secara verbal maupun non-verbal. Hasil penelitian ini juga dapat menjadi acuan pembelajaran dalam mencerdaskan spiritual secara global oleh karena simbol begitu dekat dengan setiap orang di berbagai daerah maupun negara.
Gereja sebagai administrator misi keadilan sosial: Sebuah panggilan misional holistik Pentakostal
Authors: Gultom Junifrius
Published: October 2023

This research aims to show the holistic mission of the Pentecostal perspective, which departs from the Christian concept of holistic mission, namely Missio Dei, where God initiates the mission. The trinitarian framework of sending becomes a biblical philosophical foundation for understanding the Christian mission centered on God rather than the church, a shift from an ecclesiocentric mission to a theocentric mission. The church's place is important as the administrator of God's work in the world. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a library research approach, which brings the concept of holistic Christian mission, in general, closer to the potential of Pentecostal pneumatic spirituality. Suppose the Pentecostal movement can continue to realize the potential of a friendly pneumatic spirituality (hospitality) and embrace all of creation. In that case, that solid mission drive will enable Pentecostals to present the church as an administrator of social justice. AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menunjukkan misi holistik perspektif Pentakostal yang bertolak dari konsep misi holistik Kristen, yakni Missio Dei, di mana Allah sebagai inisiator misi. Kerangka pengutusan trinitarian menjadi fondasi filosofis alkitabiah untuk memahami misi Kristen yang berpusat pada Allah ketimbang gereja, sebuah pergeseran dari ecclesiocentric mission ke theocentric mission. Tempat gereja menjadi penting sebagai administrator dari pekerjaan Allah di dunia. Metode yang dipergunakan adalah kualitif deskriptif dengan pendekatan library research yang mendekatkan konsep misi holistik Kristen pada umumnya dengan pontensi spritualitas pneumatik Pentakostal. Jika gerakan Pentakostal dapat terus menyadari akan potensi spiritualitas pneumatik yang ramah (hospitalitas) dan merangkul semua ciptaan, maka dorongan misi yang kuat itu memungkinkan orang-orang Pentakostal mampu menghadirkan gereja sebagai administrator keadilan sosial.
ENHANCEMENT OF BIOGAS GENERATION BY UTILIZING RAW AND MODIFIED WITH HNO3 BIOCHAR OBTAINED FROM PYROLYSIS OF BIOMASS AND DIGESTATE
Authors: Basinas Panagiotis , Chamrádová Kateřina , Vosnaki Olga , Rusín Jiří
Published: October 2023

Biomass- and digestate-derived biochars were modified with nitric acid solution and examined in biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests to determine the effect of pretreatment on each of the different materials capability to improve the biogas production from the anaerobic digestion of conventional substrates such as corn silage. Methane yields from corn silage (0.308 m3kgVS-1) were over the average value for the specific type of lignocellulosic material. Addition of digestate-derived biochar (BCD) in AD process improved the methane production 1.13-fold. However, the sawdust-derived biochar (BCS) resulted in an even greater methane release of 0.374 m3kgVS-1. Chemical treatment reduced the pH of BCs from 10.29 and 11.54 to 3.10 and 2.81 for BCS and BCD, respectively while had a significant impact on materials composition almost removing the ash and metal elements from BCS and markedly decreasing 1.43-fold the ash fraction and by 70-75 % the minerals proportion in BCD. The presence of modified digestate-derived biochar (M-BCD) in a culture led to an enhanced methane production (0.402 m3kgVS-1) indicating that the specific additive exhibited a higher potential than all BCs to promote the efficiency of AD of a biomass feedstock. M-BCD also possessed the greatest capability to lessen an inhibition caused by H2S retaining the concentration of the toxic gas at levels lower than 100 ppm. On the other hand, modified BCS provoked a 9% abatement in methane yields providing evidence that nitric acid could have a neutral or slightly negative effect on the capability of a BC to improve the AD process.
CONSIDERATIONS ON WASTE CHARACTERIZATION AND THE PRODUCTION OF ENERGY: HOW USEFUL CAN WASTE BE?
Authors: Ramos Ana
Published: October 2023

The proposed work reports a compilation of municipal solid waste composition in several geographies, discussing the impacts and repercussions of different waste classification nomenclature and related definitions. In addition, different scenarios are evaluated using the average waste composition in each location to further describe the possibility of covering the energy demand in those places, with energy produced from waste. For that, the thermal conversion efficiency of each Waste-to-Energy (WtE) procedure (combustion, incineration, hydrothermal liquefaction, pyrolysis, gasification, and plasma gasification) was used, so that a comparison of performances is put forward, to potentially aid in policy- and/or decision-making processes. Hydrothermal liquefaction presented higher efficiencies, followed by gasification-based techniques. Incineration, combustion and pyrolysis show a declining performance. In terms of waste production, OECD countries exceeded the average waste production values as well as the energy demand per capita, while Europe and Central Asia depicted the lowest contribution of energy produced from the waste generated.
Security services of the NKVD-NKGB of Kabardino-Balkaria in the fight against German sabotage (1942-1944)
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after Kh.M. Berbekov, Azamat A. Tatarov
Published: October 2023

The paper considers the most intense period of work of the People’s Commissariats of Internal Af-fairs and State Security (NKVD-NKGB) of Kabardino-Balkaria during the Great Patriotic War in their fight against Nazi German sabotage operations. It is shown that purposeful policy to destabi-lize the Soviet rear has overcome two stages. Security agencies had a hard time dealing with sabo-tage during the battle for the Caucasus between November 1943 and August 1944. Based on doc-umentary materials, the author reveals the course of work of the NKVD-NGKB bodies in the fight against enemy agents, contribution of individual employees and population to security, special oper-ations in the occupied area. The author concludes that, contrary to the statement of H. Himmler in 1944, sabotage in the Caucasus, including Kabardino-Balkaria, did not bring Berlin the expected results. The invisible front played an important role in maintaining stability of the Soviet rear and destroying Nazi Germany’s plans to create a “fifth column” in Kabardino-Balkaria.
The problem of repatriation of Circassian immigrants from the Ottoman empire in the second half of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries in the documents of the archives of Russia and Georgia
Authors:   Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Anzor V. Kushkhabiev
Published: October 2023

The documents analyzed in the article are classified into 2 types – office documentation and regula-tory legal acts. Documents of the 1st type are divided into 2 groups depending on the departments of their compilation and functions. The first set of papers includes official correspondence and re-ports from Russian ambassadors in the Ottoman Empire to the Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs, as well as correspondence from Russian consuls and vice-consuls in Ottoman Empire provinces to Russian diplomats in Constantinople. The papers explain how Circassians came to the Ottoman Empire and the difficulties they faced when attempting to return home. The second group consists of documents prepared by military officials in the Caucasus: instructions from the Viceroy of the Caucasus’s Main Directorate to lower-ranking commanders of subdivisions, heads of regions and territories, instructions from the Commander-in-chief of civil authority in the Caucasus to governors-general and heads of regions and districts of the Caucasus region, etc., military officials’ reports to higher levels, attitudes between departments o According to these records, military officials in the Caucasus sent instructions to their subordinates in early 1861, which included rules addressing North Caucasian repatriates. Similar documents were accepted by tsarist officials in the Caucasus and at the beginning of the 20th century. The regulatory legal acts include: the provision of the Committee of Ministers «on taking measures to suspend the return of the highlanders from Turkey... », developed in July 1861 and approved by the emperor; «Regulations regarding Caucasian settlers returning from Turkey» (09.1861), compiled by the Chief of the General Staff of the Caucasian Army A.P. Kartsov. They contain rules that should have been applied to different groups of North Caucasian repatriates.
The main periods of Magomet Mokaev's life and creative work
Authors:   The Institute for the Humanities Research – Affiliated Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rauzat A. Kerimova
Published: October 2023

The article presents a comprehensive chronicle of the illustrious Karachay-Balkarian poet, Magomet Khasuevich Mokaev (1939-2007). It delves into the significant milestones of his life and writing career, offering a succinct portrayal of the primary domains of his poetic endeavors. Moreover, it highlights his remarkable contributions to the cultural fabric of the Balkar people, encompassing his prowess in translation and editing, achievements in the realm of versification, notable advancements in the sonnet genre, and noteworthy publications in children's literature, among others. Conducting an exploration of his poetic collections, namely "Zhuregimi tebiyu" ("Beating of My Heart" (1960), "Jugutur muyuz" ("The Resounding Horn" (1967), "Duniya zharygy" ("Radiance of the Universe" (1976), "Ak biyikleni zhyrlary" ("Songs of White Peaks" (1979), "Azat Ayaz" ("The Liberating Breeze" (1976), "Zhetegeyle" ("Caravan Star" (1980), and "Zhashau Tirmeni" ("Wheelmill of Life" (1996), we discern the poet's profound engagement with timeless themes, while reveling in the melodious cadence and rhythmic tapestry of his verses. Resonating harmoniously within his po-etry, the organic fusion of folklore elements and the rich tapestry of world literary traditions are en-countered. Algyshi (blessings), songs, and the judicious use of proverbs permeate the lyrical tapes-try. The paper adopts hermeneutic, cultural, and semiotic approaches to its analysis.
Dagestan Russians in the era of socio-cultural transformations (late XX – early XXI century): con-sequences and ways to overcome negative trends
Authors:   Dagestan Federal Research Center RAS, Ruslan I. Seferbekov
Published: October 2023

The article examines the demographic situation and social well-being of Russians in Dagestan and the North Caucasus during the era of sociocultural changes and transformations in the second half of the 1980s using literary sources and population census materials, as well as chronological, dia-chronic, structural-system, and actualization methods. XX – the start of the twenty-first century. This includes "perestroika," the collapse of the Soviet Union and the establishment of the Russian Federation with the establishment of a new paradigm of state and social structure, globalization, modernization, and urbanization processes, economic reforms, the rise of religious extremism, the Russian-Chechen armed conflict of 1994-1996 and 1999-2009, and so on. In general, these activities and events harmed the well-being and social well-being of Dage-stan Russians, resulting in a large exodus from Dagestan. The adopted state program to assist Rus-sians living in and returning to the Republic of Dagestan was inadequate and did not halt this bad trend. According to the author, the Russians have recently lost their high status position in the re-gion, which was established in the North Caucasus ethno-social hierarchy throughout the pre-revolutionary and Soviet periods. To regain this status, a comprehensive program to create safe and comfortable living circumstances for them in the region must be developed. The relevance of the study is due to the complex socio-economic and socio-political situation in the country and the world, the global challenges of our time, the special mission and responsibility of Russians for the fate of the multinational Russian state in a world order that is transforming from a monopolar (USA) to a multipolar (USA, Russia, China) world order.