bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards the Digitally-Enabled Multinational Inner Network (DEMIN)
Authors: Fisch Flavio , Fleury Afonso
Published: August 2020

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the advancement of International Operations Management in the digital era. Theories and models that address how multinationals organize international operations were generated in the 1990s, a time when Kasra Ferdows wrote his HBR’s seminal article “Making the Most of Foreign Factories”. Despite the critiques, that simple and insightful model, a fruit of Ferdows’ experience, remains as paradigm but must now be updated to become aligned to the features of the digital world. In this theory-building paper, we disclose how Digital Transformation will change the location, coordination, and role of the organizational units that constitute the multinational’s inner international network (IIN). We first synthesize the digital trends into three statements that are contrasted with the assumptions of Ferdows’ model, leading to a new taxonomy. We then display pieces of evidence collected from the recent literature in different management fields. This article brings new perspectives for the understanding of how multinationals reorganize their operations, now and in the future, in times of deglobalization accelerated by pandemics.
Variações na forma do otólito sagitta de Coryphaena hippurus (Actinopterygii: Coryphaenidae) em uma área de ressurgência na costa sudoeste do Oceano Atlântico
Authors: Almeida Paulo R. C. , Monteiro-Neto Cassiano , Tubino Rafael A. , Costa Marcus R.
Published: August 2020

RESUMO Os otólitos são estruturas espécie-específicas de peixes cuja análise morfológica é uma ferramenta eficiente para identificação e discriminação de estoques e/ou populações sujeitas a variações clinais. O presente trabalho buscou elucidar o grau de variação morfológica dos otólitos sagitta do dourado, Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758 capturado ao largo da costa sudeste do Brasil pela frota pesqueira sediada no Rio de Janeiro. Os 164 pares de otólitos analisados foram obtidos a partir de amostras coletadas entre fevereiro de 2014 e outubro de 2016. A forma e o contorno dos otólitos sagitta foram caracterizados através de seis descritores (área, perímetro, circularidade, retangularidade, excentricidade e dimensão fractal) e análises de Fourier elíptica (AFE), a partir de imagens dos otólitos. Comparações interanuais dos descritores de formas apontaram diferenças significativas (PERMANOVA p<0,0001), com exceção da retangularidade e dimensão fractal. A análise discriminante linear (ADL) entre anos, apresentou melhor classificação (94,8%) para o ano de 2015, cuja disponibilidade de dados foi mais consistente. A análise de agrupamento das 30 harmônicas, baseada no algoritmo hierárquico de Ward, revelou quatro morfotipos de otólitos. A análise de componentes principais (ACP) das harmônicas dos 82 otólitos examinados não discriminou as áreas de captura. Assim, os morfotipos observados denotam a existência de um polimorfismo em toda área de estudo, determinado provavelmente por um balanço de seleção, i.e., seleção por equilíbrio temporal. Tal suposição foi corroborada através de estudos genéticos realizados nesta região, cuja hipótese da presença de dois morfotipos capturáveis/comercializáveis (dourado vs. palombeta) na área foi rejeitada, confirmando a presença de um estoque misto.
Changes in diet quality 6 and 12 months post-intervention: the Healthy Habits, Healthy Girls: a Brazilian study
Authors: LEME Ana Carolina BARCO , PHILIPP Sonia Tucunduva , FISBERG Regina Mara
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the sustainability of food quality in an obesity-prevention strategy for adolescent girls. Methods The study is a randomized controlled trial with 253 girls (Mean=15.61, 95% Confidence Interval 15.51-15.72) enrolled in 10 vocational schools in São Paulo. The diet intake was determined using a “Food Frequency Questionnaire” and analyzed according to the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised adequacy, moderation, and overall scores. The adolescents’ dietary intake was compared to the baseline 6 months and 12 months post-intervention. Descriptive statistics and analyses of covariance were used, considering a 5% significance level. Results Significant increases were found on the components total fruits (F=6.98, p<0.01), total vegetables (F=5.76, p=0.02), beans (F=5.96, p=0.02), and whole cereals (F=12.35, p<0.001). However, there was also a significant decrease on the scores for milk and dairy (F=6.48, p=0.02), and oils (F=5.98, p=0.02). At 12-month post intervention, improvement on the overall score was found (F=3.89, p=0.05), but there was a decrease on the component whole cereals (F=11.85, p<0.001), as well as in milk and dairies (F=6.38, p=0.02). Despite no significant effect for the SoFAAS component, a moderate effect size was revealed (d=0.56). Conclusion There were significant effects on some diet quality components and for the overall scores at 6-month and 12-month post intervention. Therefore, sustainable dietary changes should be the focus of obesity prevention programs for adolescents. Socio-economic influences on diet behaviors would also need to be acknowledged.
Factors associated with the consumption of fruits and vegetables by schoolchildren: a comparative analysis between 2007 and 2012
Authors: SOAR Claudia , GABRIEL Cristine Garcia , NEVES Janaina das , BRICARELLO Liliana Paula , MACHADO Mick Lennon , VASCONCELOS Francisco de Assis Guedes de
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective Perform comparative analysis of adequate consumption of fruits and vegetables and their associated factors in schoolchildren. Methods Probabilistic samples representative of students of both sexes, 7 to 14 years old, from public and private schools in Florianópolis, SC were investigated in cross-sectional studies in 2007 (n=2,836) and 2012 (n=2,506). The exposure variables were: sex, age, family income per capita, mother’s education and school system. The outcome variable (fruit and vegetable consumption) was collected using the third validated version of the previous day’s food questionnaire. Using the Chi-Square test, exposure variables with a p-value <0.20 were eligible for analysis using crude and adjusted multiple logistic regression models. Exposure variables with p<0.05 were considered to be associated with the consumption of fruits and vegetables. Results There were no significant differences in the adequate consumption between 2007 and 2012. While in 2007 the per capita family income was the only exposure variable associated, in 2012 only a mother with complete higher education was a protective factor for the adequate consumption of fruits and vegetables Conclusion Despite governmental strategies to stimulate the consumption of fruits and vegetables in Brazil, their results are still not perceptible, requiring more time for an evaluation of effectiveness
SEASONAL VARIATION IN THE OCCURRENCE OF FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH FOREST SPECIES IN A CERRADO-CAATINGA TRANSITION AREA
Authors: Silva Helane França , Santos Alice Maria Gonçalves , Santos Marcos Vinícius Oliveira dos , Bezerra José Luiz , Luz Edna Dora Martins Newman
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Although ecotone areas occupy a significant extent in Piauí State, there is little information about these areas, especially regarding the presence of microorganisms. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of seasonality on the occurrence of fungal genera associated with forest species in an ecotone Cerrado-Caatinga in Piauí State, Brazil. The experimental area consisted of one-hectare fragment within a legal reserve, where five plots of 20m x 20m were established and the phytosociological survey was carried out. The collection of the material (healthy leaves and leaves with disease symptoms) was performed in two periods: the dry season (June and August/2017) and the rainy season (December/2017 and February/2018), totaling four collections. In the laboratory, isolation and purification of fungi were performed. The fungal identification was based on morphological characteristics and the use of identification keys. The relative abundance of fungi was calculated, and the data were submitted to multivariate cluster analysis. In total, 225 isolates were found, related to 15 fungal genera, associated with 10 forest species. The occurrence of fungi in the area was influenced by seasonal variation, with more isolates found in the dry period, as examples of important groups, whether beneficial or phytopathogenic microorganisms are: Trichoderma spp. and Lasiodiplodia spp. It was also observed that fungi are more likely to occur in forest species like Bauhinia cheilantha and Pityrocarpa moniliformis, belonging to the Fabaceae family.
A METHOD FOR EVALUATING ERGOSTEROL CONTENT IN WOOD-DECAY FUNGI
Authors: Pinheiro Carlos Garrido , Bianchini Nadia Helena , Pavlack Alana Silveira , Muniz Marlove Fátima Brião , Barboza Victor Dos Santos , Pavanato Maria Amália , Gouveia Fernando Nunes , Heinzmann Berta Maria
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Ergosterol is responsible for important functions in the fungal plasma membrane. The influence of fungitoxic agents on membrane ergosterol content is one of the most important mechanisms of antifungal action and its knowledge allows the generation of products that associate active compounds of different mechanisms, consequently improving the effectiveness of wood preservatives. Therefore, this study optimized a method for quantifying ergosterol in wood-decay fungi. The white-rot species selected were Ganoderma applanatum and Trametes versicolor, while the brown-rot were Gloeophyllum trabeum and Lentinus lepideus. Mycelial discs of each species were transferred to Petri dishes containing a cellophane-covered potato-dextrose-agar medium. Mycelia of each fungus were collected, weighed, and transferred to test tubes with 5 mL of 25% alcoholic potassium hydroxide. The tubes were vortexed for 5 min, subjected to ultrasound for 5 min, incubated at 85 °C for 4 h, followed by the addition of 2 mL of sterile distilled water and 5 mL of n-heptane and subsequent ultrasound shaking for 2 min. The n-heptane layer was analyzed by UV spectrophotometry between 230 and 300 ηm. The blank sample only contained n-heptane. The mycelia wet weight of the fungi ranged from 0.061 to 0.296 g. Ergosterol content was 0.007% for Lentinus lepideus and 0.004% for the other species. The absorbance was higher than the ones observed in the blank for all samples. The adapted method was efficient for ergosterol extraction.
La simulación como performance afectiva en los orígenes del feminismo
Authors: Macón Cecilia
Published: August 2020

Resumen: Este artículo analiza el caso de los ensayos o simulación de votación por parte de las activistas por el voto femenino en tanto performances afectivas. Tomando centralmente como ejemplo los ensayos producidos en Argentina en marzo y noviembre de 1920, el objetivo central de esta presentación consiste en argumentar que la destrucción de la estructura del sentir patriarcal llevada a cabo por el feminismo altera el sentido de realidad a través de gestos propios de las vanguardias artísticas tal como estos actos de pre-enactment. Esta presentación argumenta que no se trató meramente de un cambio en el sentido del lenguaje emancipatorio en su relación con los afectos, sino que el orden performático de esos afectos ayudó a constituir una alteración del sentido de la realidad.
Ahora que estamos juntas: memorias, políticas y emociones feministas
Authors: Bacci Claudia Andrea
Published: August 2020

Resumen: Este trabajo desarrolla algunos aspectos del repertorio afectivo feminista que históricamente cruza la política y la teoría feminista, en el marco de una reflexión más general sobre el presente de los feminismos en América Latina. Después de una breve introducción que contextualiza la importancia crítica de las emociones y los recuerdos en la reinvención de la política feminista, se abordan algunos debates y diálogos sobre el problema de la disparidad, el conflicto y las diferencias entre las mujeres como obstáculos y elementos constitutivos de los feminismos desde la década de 1970 y 1980s. Se analizan las figuras de la hermandad (sisterhood), la sororidad y la práctica de la diferencia sexual, cada una de las cuales caracteriza diferentes momentos y debates de los feminismos de los siglos XX y XXI.
Relecturas feministas del giro afectivo
Authors: Solana Mariela , Vacarezza Nayla Luz
Published: August 2020

Resumen: Este artículo presenta la Sesión Temática sobre feminismos, afecto y política. Establecemos un diálogo cercano con el creciente campo de reflexiones sobre los afectos, los sentimientos y las emociones en las Ciencias Sociales y las Humanidades. Al mismo tiempo, consideramos importante recuperar los valiosos y tempranos aportes de las teorías y las prácticas feministas a las reflexiones sobre la politicidad de los afectos y las emociones. Por eso, proponemos una lectura matizada de las innovaciones de lo que se ha dado en llamar “giro afectivo” en la academia anglosajona. Clarificamos, además, los términos conceptuales en uso en este campo. Por último, la presentación de los artículos muestra un fructífero campo de investigación y elaboración conceptual que no se limita al consumo de lenguajes teóricos de otras latitudes.
The domestic, the wild and its interstices: what can a dog do in Tierra del Fuego
Authors: Fanaro Luisa Amador
Published: August 2020

Abstract This study examines dogs that pull sledges in tourist activities in Ushuaia (capital of Tierra del Fuego province) and their relations with their breeders (the mushers) and with the tourists they both work for. Nevertheless, during my field research I also came across other dogs in other contexts, among them the numerous companion dogs abandoned in the city and the so-called “wild dogs”, who live in rural areas and are thus seen by Fuegians as “harmful animals” and an “invasive alien species” - that is, a problem to be solved. In this paper I consider sled dogs and wild dogs, and the different statuses that dogs can assume in these different contexts in which animals and humans relate, considering that in Tierra del Fuego canine work operates as a domesticity regime.
Accusation and Legitimacy in the Civil War in Angola
Authors: Dulley Iracema , Sampaio Luísa Tui
Published: August 2020

Abstract This article analyses the main categories of accusation found in the speeches of leaders from the People’s Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) during the Civil War in Angola (1975-2002). Seeking to understand the entanglements between the global and local dimensions of the conflict, we argue that the accusations made by Agostinho Neto (MPLA), José Eduardo dos Santos (MPLA), and Jonas Savimbi (UNITA) aimed to delegitimize the ‘other’ in the act of claiming legitimacy to occupy the state. This is achieved through the opposition between accusatory categories attributed to the ‘other’ and their inverse, categories attributed to the person making the accusation. We thereby show how the understanding of political conflicts in general, and the conflict in Angola specifically, can be illuminated through the analysis of categories whose linguistic dimension is entangled with historically constituted social positionalities.
“The speed of the political is not that of the scientific”: on the time of development in an agricultural technology transfer program
Authors: Perin Vanessa Parreira
Published: August 2020

Abstract In this article I seek to present certain problematics related to the ProSAVANA agricultural development program, highlighting a mismatch between a political sphere and a scientific sphere, which allowed me to reflect on some effects of the technical discourse that has guided the implementation of this international cooperation project. From research that sought to do an ethnography on the operationalization of this program, I intend to present the manner in which such technopolitical breakdowns in the proposed “technologies transfer” have produced a composition of different temporalities, which conferred a particular pace to the effectiveness of ProSAVANA. In order to describe this strange relation between different forms of knowledge that are expressed in the time of accomplishing a development project - unfolding at different speeds -, I follow the idea of Mbembe (2011) that in the postcolony, time is constantly emerging. In this sense, throughout this article I seek to describe how, by decomposing these different speeds, it is possible to understand the temporalities that emerge from the particular entanglement of technopolitical relations that confer the materiality of this development project.
A essencialidade agropastoril da economia colonial: a fazenda mista paulista
Authors: Arruda José Jobson de Andrade
Published: August 2020

Resumo: Este artigo constitui-se num manifesto em prol da história da ruralidade na imensa capitania vicentina dos tempos coloniais. Centra-se na essencialidade da fazenda mista, entendida como núcleo pulsante da vida na colônia, um contraponto aos privilegiamentos corrente da esfera mercantil pelas interpretações historiográficas aparentemente antagônicas.
Desbravando os sertões paulistas, séculos XVI a XIX
Authors: Bacellar Carlos de Almeida Prado
Published: August 2020

Resumo: O processo de colonização de São Paulo consistiu num contínuo movimento de expansão da fronteira demográfica e econômica rumo ao oeste. Desde o Século XVI, as terras foram ocupadas de maneira legal ou informal. Busca-se, neste texto, discutir os processos de incorporação dessas terras na economia da cana-de-açúcar e do café.
Paisagem agrária no entorno da capital de São Paulo: estruturas produtiva e fundiária em Bragança, Mogi das Cruzes e Jacareí, 1803-1829/30
Authors: Reis Déborah Oliveira Martins dos
Published: August 2020

RESUMO Nosso foco recai no processo de ocupação agrícola e no evolver econômico das localidades paulistas de Bragança, Mogi das Cruzes e Jacareí nas três primeiras décadas do século XIX. Através do recurso a documentação primária diversa, em especial de caráter censitário, nosso objetivo é traçar um perfil das atividades produtivas/econômicas e dos gêneros cultivados, ligando-os às possibilidades de comércio, de forma a caracterizar a estrutura produtiva local e seu evolver, e descrever a estrutura fundiária, ou seja, a forma como a terra se dividia em faixas de tamanho de propriedades, de acordo com o processo histórico de ocupação da área analisada, observado a partir das formas de aquisição das propriedades. A estrutura fundiária encontrada apresenta duas características marcantes: de um lado, identificamos a fragmentação da propriedade agrária com a disseminação de pequenas propriedades a partir de processos sucessórios entre gerações, levando à concentração da propriedade da terra; de outro, nos deparamos com a existência de um marcante mercado de terras, enquanto a estrutura produtiva aponta para o caráter primordialmente agrícola das localidades, com percentual marcante de fogos ligados ao setor agricultura e produzindo gêneros de abastecimento interno para autoconsumo, além de se beneficiaram do comércio com outras áreas, importante na geração de renda e que se dava a partir de alguma especialização e diferenciação na produção entre as localidades.
Sistema e meios de transporte em São Paulo a partir da obra de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda
Authors: Grandi Guilherme
Published: August 2020

Resumo: O presente artigo trata dos caminhos por terra e dos cursos fluviais que se entrecruzavam e se complementavam por toda a área da “Paulistânia”, formando um complexo sistema de vias de transporte, tema exaustivamente abordado por Sérgio Buarque de Holanda em três dos seus trabalhos como historiador: Monções, Caminhos e fronteiras e Capítulos de expansão paulista. O objetivo do artigo é demonstrar a essencialidade da obra de Buarque de Holanda para a pesquisa historiográfica sobre a introdução e o desenvolvimento dos meios de transporte, primeiro, na capitania e, em seguida, na província de São Paulo. Conclui-se, por meio do exame de tais trabalhos, que houve na Região Centro-Sul do país, entre os séculos XVI e XIX, uma evolução gradativa das modalidades de transporte que vai do apresamento e dos descimentos de indígenas até o advento das ferrovias, passando pelas monções de povoado e pelas tropas de muares.
Crédito e Agricultura: hipotecas rurais em Ribeirão Preto (1895-1905)
Authors: Marcondes Renato Leite , Bertolai Jefferson
Published: August 2020

RESUMO Para analisar o papel desempenhado pelas hipotecas no auge da economia cafeeira, o artigo propõe-se estimar seus determinantes e efeitos em Ribeirão Preto, principal comarca produtora de café no início do século XX. A partir das hipotecas efetuadas entre 1895 e 1905 e dos dados agrícolas de 1904-1905, (i) compara-se o perfil dos agricultores que contrataram hipotecas com aquele dos agricultores que não o fizeram, mostrando que os primeiros apresentam maiores patrimônio, produção e produtividade; e (ii) explora-se a relação entre o patrimônio em imóveis dos agricultores e a contratação de hipotecas. A análise mostra que a contratação de hipoteca se relaciona positivamente ao patrimônio dos agricultores, conforme expectativas teóricas. A análise também propõe uma estratégia para mensurar os dois componentes previstos pela teoria: o efeito da hipoteca em aumentar o patrimônio do agricultor (denominado efeito patrimonial) e o efeito do patrimônio do agricultor na capacidade de contratação de hipoteca (denominado efeito garantia). O resultado mostra que os dois efeitos foram relevantes em Ribeirão Preto no período estudado. Em conjunto, a distribuição de crédito concentrada entre os maiores agricultores e a existência do efeito patrimonial podem ser vistas como mecanismo de concentração do patrimônio entre os agricultores.
Sobre o que se quis calar: o tráfico de africanos no litoral norte de São Paulo em tempos de pirataria
Authors: Pessoa Thiago Campos
Published: August 2020

RESUMO No texto que segue, analisaremos a reorganização do comércio de africanos na clandestinidade tendo como escopo o litoral norte de São Paulo entre 1831 e meados da década de 1850. Nesse período, fazendas, sítios e barracões foram montados nas praias de Ubatuba, São Sebastião e Ilhabela com parte da nova logística do tráfico de africanos na clandestinidade. Para muito além de produção de subsistência e do comércio de cabotagem, aquelas praias foram intensamente marcadas pelos últimos anos do tráfico atlântico de escravizados.
Pessoas Partidas: o comércio de partes de escravos (Piracicaba, Província de São Paulo, 1861-1887)
Authors: Motta José Flávio , Galvão Luciana Suarez
Published: August 2020

RESUMO Estudamos pequenos negócios de venda de partes ideais de escravos registrados em Piracicaba, província de São Paulo, no período de 1861 a 1887, durante o qual a localidade teve sua economia marcada pela cafeicultura. Foram 17 transações envolvendo 9 homens, 6 mulheres e duas crianças de poucos meses de idade. Percebemos que esse tipo de negócio esteve frequentemente vinculado ao resultado de partilhas em processos de inventários. O recebimento como herança da propriedade parcial de escravos acarretava essas pequenas operações de compra e venda entre herdeiros, produzindo amiúde como resultado a posse “na íntegra” das pessoas herdadas pelos compradores das partes em questão. Dessa forma, transacionar “um pedaço” de uma pessoa, o mais das vezes, equivalia a tão-somente ajustar a matemática cega da divisão equânime de um patrimônio entre aqueles que o herdavam.
CARDIM DE CARVALHO’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE UNDERSTANDING OF DECISION MAKING IN CONTEMPORANEOUS FINANCIAL MARKETS
Authors: Farhi Maryse , Prates Daniela Magalhães
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT According to the post-Keynesian approach, uncertainty is inherent to the loci in which investors decide the portfolio allocation of their wealth (or the wealth they manage) in a monetary economy. In financial assets’ markets, to deal with uncertainty, agents use instruments that evolved with time and encompass two elements of the decision-making process: (i) which premises will be considered to make a decision, the focus of Keynes’ General Theory; (ii) the sequel between the premises and the very decision, the focus of Keynes’ Treatise on Probability. The aim of this paper is twofold. The first one is to summarize the contribution of Fernando Cardim de Carvalho to the understanding of the decision-making under uncertainty. The second one is to analyse the decision-making instruments used in contempo-raneous financial assets’ markets in light of his contribution that is especially suitable for this goal due to his acquaintance with the Treatise.
REGULAÇÃO BANCÁRIA: UMA ANÁLISE DE SUA DINÂMICA POR OCASIÃO DOS DEZ ANOS DA CRISE FINANCEIRA GLOBAL
Authors: Mendonça Ana Rosa Ribeiro de , Deos Simone
Published: August 2020

RESUMO O presente artigo procura refletir sobre a dinâmica da regulação financeira internacional - bancária, em especial. O ensejo para a reflexão são os dez anos da crise financeira global. Para tal, parte de uma análise conceitual sobre bancos, sistemas bancários, riscos e regulação, apontando que o movimento regulatório precisa ser pensado num contexto amplo, que leve em consideração diferentes estágios do capitalismo. Na sequência, procura analisar os impactos da crise sobre a regulação bancária. Isto posto, o que se observa, em geral, é um movimento pendular, oscilando entre momentos em que a regulação proposta é mais pró-mercado e momentos nos quais ela impõe um conjunto mais importante de barreiras e interdições. Ademais, independentemente do “regime regulatório” do qual se parta, o que se observa é que a dinâmica concorrencial tende a corroer endogenamente o aparato regulador vigente, redefinindo-o na direção da criação de maior fragilidade financeira.
Condições de trabalho e falta de informações sobre o impacto da COVID-19 entre trabalhadores da saúde
Authors: Silva Luiz Sérgio , Machado Elaine Leandro , Oliveira Helian Nunes de , Ribeiro Adalgisa Peixoto
Published: August 2020

Resumo Introdução: diante da pandemia da COVID-19, torna-se importante rever questões de proteção da saúde dos trabalhadores. Objetivo: discutir as condições de saúde e segurança dos trabalhadores que cuidam de pacientes com COVID-19, sob a perspectiva das informações levantadas por seus representantes de classe profissional e de recomendações institucionais. Métodos: levantamento de informações na literatura científica, em documentos e orientações de entidades oficiais de saúde, em fontes de entidades sindicais e de representação de classes de profissionais de saúde. Discussão: começamos pela descrição das características da infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 no processo de trabalho em saúde; exemplificamos as iniciativas de organizações representativas dos trabalhadores para o enfrentamento da COVID-19; descrevemos o cenário do trabalho em saúde na pandemia no Brasil; apresentamos o relato das medidas de proteção e de enfrentamento da doença orientadas por entidades e organismos nacionais e internacionais. Finalizamos discutindo que a exposição desses trabalhadores pode levar a outros eventos em saúde, necessitando medidas de adequação em relação a número de profissionais, melhoria na organização e nas condições de trabalho, fornecimento de equipamentos de proteção individual em quantidade e qualidade adequadas e implantação de medidas que propiciem o fortalecimento das equipes para o enfrentamento da COVID-19.
Ensemble long-term soil moisture forecast using hydrological modeling
Authors: Colossi Bibiana Rodrigues , Tucci Carlos Eduardo Morelli
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Long-term soil moisture forecasting allows for better planning in sectors as agriculture. However, there are still few studies dedicated to estimate soil moisture for long lead times, which reflects the difficulties associated with this topic. An approach that could help improving these forecasts performance is to use ensemble predictions. In this study, a soil moisture forecast for lead times of one, three and six months in the Ijuí River Basin (Brazil) was developed using ensemble precipitation forecasts and hydrologic simulation. All ensemble members from three climatologic models were used to run the MGB hydrological model, generating 207 soil moisture forecasts, organized in groups: (A) for each model, the most frequent soil moisture interval predicted among the forecasts made with each ensemble member, (B) using each model’s mean precipitation, (C) considering a super-ensemble, and (D) the mean soil moisture interval predicted among group B forecasts. The results show that long-term soil moisture based on precipitation forecasts can be useful for identifying periods drier or wetter than the average for the studied region. Nevertheless, estimation of exact soil moisture values remains limited. Forecasts groups B and D performed similarly to groups A and C, and require less data management and computing time.
Numerical evaluation of laboratory apparatuses for the study of infiltration and runoff
Authors: Mendes Thiago Augusto , Gitirana Jr. Gilson de Farias Neves , Rebolledo Juan Félix Rodriguez , Vaz Emílio Farias , Luz Marta Pereira da
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Runoff apparatuses (RA) are developed to study infiltration, runoff generation, and erosion processes. Several RA designs are available, but limited attention has been given to the effects of the equipment scale, initial, and boundary conditions on measured runoff. This paper presents a model-based evaluation of RAs using a finite element solution for Richard’s equation and a novel ground surface boundary condition designed to accommodate unsaturated soil behavior. The hydraulic properties of two tropical soils were considered, with multiple combinations of initial water contents, specimen dimensions, and sloping angle. The numerical exercises indicate that soils with lower air-entry values require an equilibrium stage for the establishment of initial conditions. Testing protocols with equilibrium times of 48 hours are recommended. Moisture flow produced by gravity when sloping the specimen was shown to potentially affect surface conditions and, consequently, runoff. Testing specifications to minimize the effects of specimen sloping are presented. The runoff mechanism in an RA was shown to have up to three stages, all with clear physical meaning. The third stage is an undesirable consequence of the influence of the RA’s impervious bottom. The establishment of the minimum specimen thickness that prevents boundary effects was shown to have major importance to testing results.
Replacing corn with ground or pelleted citrus pulp in diets of Nellore heifers
Authors: SOUSA Rafael Teixeira de , CÔNSOLO Nara Regina Brandão , FERRARI Viviane Borba , MARQUES Júlia Avansi , MAGALHÃES Juliane Diniz , SILVA Luis Felipe Prada
Published: August 2020

SUMMARY Citrus pulp can replace corn in feedlot diets in order to decrease metabolic problems by reducing formation of lactate ruminal. However, while eating, animals can easily select against pelleted citrus pulp due to the greater particle size of the pellet. Therefore, grinding citrus pulp pellet can be an alternative to decrease particle selectivity. This study was realized to evaluate the replacement of ground corn by pelleted citrus pulp and ground citrus pulp on animal performance, sorting index, and feeding behavior of Nellore heifers. Thirty-six Nellore heifers were randomly assigned to three treatments: control diet based on ground corn (GC), partial replacement of GC by ground citrus pulp (GCP), and partial replacement of GC by pelleted citrus pulp (PCP). . Heifers fed with the GC diet had higher final body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), and dry matter intake (DMI) compared with heifers fed with citrus pulp (P < 0.05). Ground citrus pulp increased DMI and fiber intake compared with the PCP group (P < 0.05). Heifers fed with PCP and GCP sorted for diet particles from 8 to 19 mm and selected particles with less than 1.18 mm (P < 0.05). Thus, the ground citrus pulp is better than pelleted citrus pulp due to higher feed intake and ADG, in consequence of lower selection index.
Effect of natural feed additives on meat quality and caecotrophic fatty acid profile of New Zealand rabbits
Authors: NÓIA Isabelle Zocolara , GABRIEL Andrea Maria de Araújo , FERNANDES Alexandre Rodrigo Mendes , CÔNSOLO Nara Regina Brandão , CARDOSO Claudia Andrea Lima , OLIVEIRA Euclides Reuter , GANDRA Érika Rosendo de Sena , GANDRA Jefferson Rodrigues
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effects of commercial probiotic and chitosan as food additives on the quality and meat composition of 36 New Zealand White rabbits (57 ± 8 days old and 1,648 ± 0.194 kg) and on the fatty acid profile of caecotrophs. The treatments were CT (diets without inclusion of additives), PRO (inclusion of 4 g / kg of commercial probiotic) and CHI (inclusion of 4 g / kg of chitosan). The additives increased triglycerides and decreased urea compared to the control group, as well as increased oleic and linoleic acids, Ʃ unsaturated, Ʃ monounsaturated and Ʃ polyunsaturated in caecotrophs. CHI animals showed a decrease in myristic and palmitic acids compared to PRO. CHI decreased the meat's crude protein and the meat's fat. In addition, there was a decrease in omega-3, omega-6 and the relationship unsaturated and saturated fatty acids for the CHI group and an increase in erucic acid and a decrease in the rate of hypocholesterolemic acids. As a conclusion, the data showed that the animals that ingested probiotic had better meat quality, for having better fatty acid profile and hypocholesterolemic index, compared to the treatment with chitosan. The additives improved the caecotrophs fatty acid profile.
Reduction in the frequency of Aspergillus spp. in broiler facilities subjected to cleaning and disinfection
Authors: BURBARELLI Maria Fernanda de Castro , LELIS Karoline Deliberali , GODOY Silvia Helena Seraphim de , MORO Maria Estela Gaglianone , BORDIN Roberto de Andrade , FERNANDES Andrezza Maria , ALBUQUERQUE Ricardo de
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT The present study analyzes influence of two cleaning and disinfection protocols on frequency of Aspergillus spp. in broiler facilities. We conducted an observational study, applying two cleaning and disinfection protocols before housing 960 one-day-old broilers randomly allocated in 32 boxes with 30 birds. We considered two types of housing as independent experiments, which differed as to the bedding. First experiment consisted of new bedding materials, which we reused in second experiment. We applied two different treatments, Common treatment included sweeping organic matter, humidifying residual material with low pressure water, washing with water and neutral detergent, with posterior rinsing. European treatment was according to the standards of the manufacturer of disinfectants. Procedures included dry and humid organic matter removal, humidification, washing with high pressure water, application of detergent, rinsing, and application of two compound disinfectants: glutaraldehyde (250 g/L) + formaldehyde (185 g/L); p-chloro-m-cresol (210 g/L). To evaluate the presence of Aspergillus spp., we collected samples from surfaces and equipment before and after cleaning and disinfection, at 7, 14, 28, and 42 days of experimental period. Mycological assessment included streaking on Petri dishes containing AFPA (Aspergillus Flavus and Parasiticus Agar, Sigma Aldrich®). Common cleaning and disinfection treatment led to a higher presence of fungus in floors and walls (83% vs. 0% p = 0.0030 and 50% vs. 0% p = 0.0450) in first and second experiments, respectively. As this study demonstrates by using the European procedures, performing a detailed cleaning and disinfection protocol reduces the presence of Aspergillus spp. in broiler facilities.
Thermal stress alters the basal value of serum proteins in laying hens
Authors: GRUNITZKY Larissa , CENTENARO João Rogério , SILVA Natasha Rocha da , PAULO Julia de Moraes , SILVEIRA Alisson Minozzo da , LOPES Graciela Völz , FELIX Gisele Aparecida , BRAZ Paulo Henrique
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of thermal stress on the physiological and metabolic parameters in laying hens and the microbiological quality of eggs. The experiment was performed with 50 Rhode Island Red hens in the initial laying phase, under standard diet, lodged in 20 m² stalls under controlled temperature, for 30 days. The laying hens were randomly divided into two groups: G1 - the control group, which contained 10 hens exposed to the temperature of 17 ºC; G2 - the treatment group, which contained 40 hens exposed to the temperature of 30 ºC. The physiological parameters evaluated were: cloacal temperature, body surface temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and weight. Biochemical tests included total protein, albumin, globulin, and glucose. The group subjected to thermal stress showed lower body weight, increased heart rate, a slight increase in the respiratory rate, and increase in body surface temperature when compared with the control group (P < 0.05), although no significant differences were observed regarding cloacal temperature. As for the metabolic parameters, the treated group showed an increase in total proteins and globulins compared with the control group (P < 0.05), while albumin remained at basal levels. Additionally, hypoglycemia was observed in the treated group. Samples from egg shells and yolk were subjected to the analyses for the detection of Salmonella spp. These microorganisms were not detected amongst the egg samples.
Population density and tillering of andropogon grass submitted to different cutting heights
Authors: Silva Paulo Ribeiro da , Oliveira Maria Elizabete , Silva Ivone Rodrigues da , Araújo Daniel Louçana de , Costa Jandson Vieira , Costa Clésio dos Santos , Moura Rosianne Mendes de Andrade da Silva
Published: August 2020

ABTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the tillering dynamics and population density of Andropogon gayanus cv. Planaltina, submitted to different cutting heights during the dry and rainy season. A randomized block design was adopted in a split plot scheme. In the main plot, the three cutting heights (10, 20, and 30 cm) were allocated, while the subplots included the following periods: dry (October, November, and December) and rainy (April, May, and June). During the dry period at the height of 10 cm, there was a higher population density of tillers, with 1298.44 tillers m-2. The appearance rate was higher in October for heights of 10 and 30 cm and in December for 20 cm. The 10-cm height provided a higher mortality rate. The survival rate and the stability index were higher in October, with 88.47% and 1.38, respectively. In the rainy season, specifically June, the pasture had a higher height (130.06 cm). The rate of appearance and the stability index were higher in April and during June there was greater mortality, while at the 20-cm height, there was less mortality and greater survival (85.71%) of the tillers. The 20-cm cut height provides a higher survival rate and lower mortality rate of andropogon grass in the dry and rainy season.
Multicentric lymphoma in sheep (case report)
Authors: SANTOS Ederson dos , KALB Ana Luiza , BARBOSA Antônio Amaral , RABASSA Viviane Rohrig , CORRÊA Marcio Nunes
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT The present study describes a case report in sheep with multicentric lymphoma. Clinical examination revealed the animal presented tachycardia, tachypnea, congested ocular mucous membranes, fever, cachexia, mild dehydration, decreased ruminal motility, difficulty in standing, and dysuria. Supportive treatment and complementary examination (complete blood count, radiography, ultrasound and abdominocentesis) were performed. The results showed neutrophilic leukocytosis, persistent lymphocytosis, exudate with high cell concentration, and imaging examination showed abundant fluid in the abdominal cavity, and enlarged iliac and mesenteric lymph nodes. Due to the severe clinical condition, the animal died and referred for necropsy. Samples from different organs were collected for histopathological analysis. At necropsy, abundant light brown exudate was observed in the thoracic and abdominal cavities, multiple white lobulated masses in different organs, in addition to pink, irregular, multifocal and coalescent nodules in the omentum, with neoplastic cells arranged in cords and cloak of cells supported by a thin fibrovascular stroma. Macroscopic and microscopic findings are characteristic of multicentric lymphoma.
Subclinical hypomagnesemia: Prevalence and causes in dairy cows in the semiarid region of the state of Paraíba, Brazil
Authors: SILVA Daniel Cézar da , FERNANDES Beatriz Dantas , LIMA Jéssica Monique dos Santos , SILVA Bismark Alves da , RODRIGUES Gilderlândio Pinheiro , SOUZA Evaristo Jorge Oliveira de
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT In dairy farming, cows display important metabolic changes during the transition period, particularly high-production cows, which need nutrients in greater quantity to meet the required demand. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of subclinical hypomagnesemia in pre- and post-partum dairy cows inserted in milk-production systems in the Sousa microregion and the district of São João do Rio do Peixe, both in the State of Paraíba, Brazil. As such, visits were made every two weeks to 34 rural properties, where the team collected 357 blood samples by venepuncture, 106 from pre-partum lactating cows and 251 from lactating cows in the post-partum period. It was found that the properties supplied three types of mineral supplement: a single supplement of NaCl, a supplement of NaCl + mineral base, and a commercial supplement. The cows receiving the commercial mineral supplement had the highest prevalence (10.53%) of the disorder, even showing a significant difference (P < .05) between the other types of supplement. In relation to reproductive period, it was found that the post-partum cows had a higher prevalence of subclinical hypomagnesemia (9.96%) than did the pre-partem cows (8.49%); there was, however, no significant difference (P > .05) between the two. Studies such as this are fundamental for alerting rural and technical producers to the occurrence of subclinical hypomagnesemia in the region, in addition to the damage caused by metabolic disorders.
Morphological and yield responses of spineless cactus Orelha de Elefante Mexicana under different cutting intensities
Authors: PEREIRA Juliana de Souza , CAVALCANTE Anderson Barbosa , NOGUEIRA George Henrique Melo de Sá Marquim Ferraz , CAMPOS Fleming Sena , ARAÚJO Gherman Garcia Leal de , SIMÕES Welson Lima , VOLTOLINI Tadeu Vinhas
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the effects of different cutting intensities on the morphological responses and forage yield of spineless cactus Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (OEM) (Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw) in a 12-month cycle, receiving supplemental irrigation. Three cutting intensities were evaluated: cut preserving only the mother cladode (MOTHC), cut preserving primary cladodes (PRIMC), and cut preserving secondary cladodes (SECC), equivalent to initial residual cladode area index (rCAI) of 0.08, 0.33 and 0.69, respectively. The experiment was a randomized block design with eight replicates. The cutting intensities PRIMC and SECC resulted in higher plant height and width, total cladode number and cladode area index compared to MOTHC. The harvested plant weight, forage yield (t DM ha-1), forage accumulation rate and water use efficiency were greater for PRIMC and SECC in comparison to MOTHC. The forage yield for MOTHC was 20.92 t DM (dry matter) ha-1, while for PRIMC and SECC were 37.55 and 33.18 t DM ha-1, respectively. The final CAI was 1.23, 2.53 and 3.55 for MOTHC, SECC and PRIMC, respectively. Morphological and yield responses of OEM Spineless cactus under supplemental irrigation are influenced by cutting intensities, in which less intense cuts (preserving the primary or secondary cladodes) promote taller and wider plants, and higher forage yield.
Gestión de gobierno, educación superior, ciencia, innovación y desarrollo local
Authors: González Aurora Fernández , Bermúdez Miguel Díaz Canel
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Explorar dos acciones gubernamentales para fomentar el vínculo ciencia-gobierno, con la participación activa de las universidades. Métodos: Investigación-acción, respaldada por análisis de documentos, encuestas, entrevistas, consulta a expertos y talleres de trabajo. A partir del análisis de la experiencia internacional se identificaron los factores clave que han afectado los procesos de descentralización y desarrollo territorial. De ellos se deriva la necesidad de fomentar la creación de capacidades a nivel local. Principales resultados: Se discuten las acciones desarrolladas por la educación superior en la última década y las visitas gubernamentales a los territorios a partir del año 2018. Conclusiones: Se destaca que, en efecto, la educación superior se ha venido posicionando como un actor relevante en los procesos de producción, difusión y uso de los conocimientos que el desarrollo local demanda. De manera generalizada la educación superior se ha convertido en aliado clave de los gobiernos en la conducción estratégica del desarrollo local. Las visitas gubernamentales se presentan como acciones promisorias que fomentan los vínculos de las universidades con actores nacionales y territoriales y promueven dinámicas innovativas a escala local.
Research on the Invulnerability and Optimization of the Technical Cooperation Innovation Network based on the Patent Perspective——A case study of new energy vehicles v1
Authors: Cao Xia , Chuanyun Li , Chen Wei , Li Jinqiu , Lin Chaoran
Published: August 2020

This paper takes new energy vehicles as the research object, building the technical cooperation innovation network of new energy vehicles based on the patent perspective by establishing the related technology patent search expression, and analyzing the processes of the invulnerability and optimization in the actual technology cooperation innovation network by using the simulation analysis method. The research results show that the harmfulness of the degree value priority attack in the technical cooperation innovation network of new energy vehicles is stronger than the weighted degree value priority attack and random attack, and the attacks of the State Grid and other hub nodes have an important impact on the network invulnerability. During the network optimization process of three types of connection preferences, the “weak”-“weak” connection is the best connection mode given the situation of an unweighted network without considering the weight of the connected edge. However, the “strong”-“weak” connection is the best mode given the situation of a weighted network considering the weight of the connected edge. In addition, compared with the weighted network situation, the “strong”-“weak” connection has better network optimization results given the situation of an unweighted network. Finally, we propose counter measures and suggestions to promote the innovation network invulnerability capabilities of technical cooperation in new energy vehicles.