bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract P484: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cardiometabolic Effects of Trans Fatty Acids From Dairy Foods
Authors: Torres-Gonzalez Moises , Boyer Constance , Tenenhaus-Aziza Fanny , Givens Ian , Schweitzer Cindy
Published: May 2024

As global initiatives to eliminate industrially-produced trans fatty acids (TFA) are implemented, dairy/ruminant-derived foods will become the major dietary TFA source. Such changes warrant better understanding of health effects from ruminant food-TFA consumption. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess cardiometabolic impacts of TFA from dairy foods, by evaluating findings from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective cohort studies (PCs). Separate searches for RCTs and PCs were conducted in PubMed and EMBASE databases using PRISMA guidelines. RCTs with at least a three-week intervention among adults compared the impact on blood lipids of regular dairy foods with TFA-enhanced dairy fat/foods produced by altering the cow’s diet. Selected PCs with at least four years of observation analyzed relationships between blood levels of specific TFA, such as vaccenic acid or trans palmitoleic acid (TPA) and risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) or type 2 diabetes among adults. A pooled meta-analysis of RCTs using the random effects model was performed for TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, TG, ApoA1, ApoB as continuous variables with a statistical significance of p < 0.05, 95% confidence interval (CI). For PCs, risk estimates and 95% CI using maximally adjusted models for contrasting exposures of circulating TFA levels were tabulated. Among 13 experimental groups from ten RCTs, there were no statistically significant differences in mean difference (MD) and 95% CI for any lipid biomarkers except a slight decrease in HDL-C (MD: -0.05mmol/L; CI: -0.10, 0.00 mmol/L) for TFA-enriched vs regular dairy foods. Among PCs, four found no association of circulating TPA with risk of CVD mortality or incidence and one found no association of circulating vaccenic acid with risk of CVD mortality. Additionally, three of five PCs found no significant association while two found a significant inverse association of TPA and type 2 diabetes. Our findings indicate that consumption of TFA (0.8 - 12.2 g/d) from different types of dairy foods does not confer adverse effects on cardiometabolic health.
Abstract P489: Intake of Fiber-Rich Foods is Favorably Associated With Cardiac Structure and Function: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study
Authors: Yi So-Yun , Steffen Lyn M , Duprez Daniel , Guan Weihua , Lakshminarayan Kamakshi , Jacobs David R
Published: May 2024

Background:
Abnormal cardiac phenotypes, including left ventricular (LV) structure and function, are subclinical characteristics, detectable before experiencing heart failure (HF) symptoms. Identifying lifestyle risk factors of abnormal cardiac phenotypes can help to prevent or slow down the progression to HF and ultimately reduce the burden of the aging heart. Therefore, we aimed to identify the associations of carbohydrate (CHO) quality and fiber-rich foods with LV structure and function.

Methods:
We studied 3,171 Black and White adults in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Dietary intake was assessed via Diet History and averaged across years 0 (1985-86), 7, and 20. CHO:fiber ratio was created to define CHO quality (greater CHO:fiber ratio representing lower CHO quality). The fiber-rich food score was created based on the servings of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes. LV structure and function measures were assessed via echocardiography at years 25 and 30 and were the dependent variables in linear repeated measures models, including random intercepts for individuals. CHO:fiber ratio was treated as a fixed effect.

Results:
Study participants were 25.1 (range: 18-30, SD: 3.61) years old on average at baseline, 57% (1,807 of 3,171) female, and 53% (1,678 of 3,171) White. Higher CHO quality ratio was favorably associated with global longitudinal strain (GLS); while the fiber-rich food score was favorably associated with LV mass index, GLS, and E/e’ ratio after adjusting for demographic and lifestyle characteristics (see table).

Conclusions:
Our study finding suggests that higher CHO quality is associated with better systolic function and greater intake of fiber-rich foods is associated with better LV structure and function, which support the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the

Dietary Guidance to Improve Cardiovascular Health by the AHA that recommend intakes of high-quality CHO foods such as whole grains, fruit, and vegetables.
Abstract P495: Gut Microbiome and Plasma Metabolome Signatures Are Associated With Systemic Inflammation in Children
Authors: Bohn Bruno , Doyon Myriam , Bouchard Luigi , Perron Patrice , Guerin Renee , Masse Eric , Hivert Marie-France , Mueller Noel T
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Gut microbiota and microbial metabolites are hypothesized to influence health via systemic inflammation, but pediatric studies are lacking. We investigated associations of gut microbiota and plasma metabolome with inflammation in children aged 5-7.

Hypothesis:
Children with greater abundances of pro-inflammatory microbial taxa and metabolites have more systemic inflammation.

Methods:
We analyzed cross-sectional data from the community-based Gen3G cohort (Quebec), including children with 3 inflammation measures (IMs; plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, tumor necrosis factor α), untargeted plasma metabolome (Metabolon platform) and gut microbiota (stool 16S rRNA sequencing) data at the 5-year visit. We log-transformed and standardized each IM, averaging them as an inflammation score (InfSc). We pareto-scaled log-transformed metabolites, imputing missing values as half the minimum detected. We selected 76 known bacterial metabolites
a priori
. We excluded metabolites detected in <50% of samples and microbial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) in <10% of the samples or with <0.1% overall proportion. We examined associations of ASVs and metabolites with IMs and InfSc using ANCOM-BC2 and linear regression, respectively, after multivariable adjustment (see Figure legend). FDR p-values <0.05 were considered significant.

Results:
A total of 320 children (mean age 63±4 months, 47% female, 95% white) had IMs and metabolome data, and 146 had microbiota data. Of 335 ASVs tested, 59 were associated with InfSc and 154 with any IM (10 strongest associations in
Figure A
). Of the 1038 total metabolites and 76 bacterial metabolites tested, 53 and 5 metabolites, respectively, were associated with InfSc and 80 and 10, respectively, with any IM (10 bacterial metabolites in
Figure B
).

Conclusions:
Microbial ASVs and metabolites, including pro-inflammatory ones (e.g.,
P. succinatutens,
lactate, kynurenine), were associated with systemic inflammation in 5yo children.
Abstract P519: Sleep as a Cardiometabolic Risk Factor Following Release From Carceral Facilities
Authors: Elumn Johanna , Cohen Inessa , Aminawung Jenerius , Puglisi Lisa , Horton Nadine , Lin Hsiuju , Yaggi Henry K , Wang Emily
Published: May 2024

Background:
Approximately 2 million people are incarcerated, and 11 million cycle in and out of U.S. jails and prisons annually. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality are higher among people with a history of incarceration, especially in the weeks following release from prison. Sleep is an underexplored factor that may contribute to CVD disparities among people with a history of incarceration. Population-specific risk factors in the social and physical environment may contribute to poor sleep and CVD risk during imprisonment and after release from a carceral facility.

Methods:
The Sleep Justice study, an ancillary study to an ongoing prospective cohort recruiting individuals with known cardiovascular risk factors within three months of release from incarceration, the Justice-Involved Individuals Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology (JUSTICE) study, aimed to describe sleep and examine the connections between sleep and CVD risk factor control among people released from a carceral facility. Sleep was assessed using subjective and objective measures. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the STOP-Bang, and the Brief Index of Sleep Control were used, and wrist-worn actigraphy was used to measure sleep objectively in a subsample of 80 participants. We will examine sleep and its association with CVD in this sample of people recently released from a carceral facility.

Results:
Most participants were male (92%), non-Hispanic Black (51%) or Hispanic (27%), were incarcerated 2-5 times, and were living in transitional housing (78%) at baseline. All participants had a CVD risk factor as a requirement of the study inclusion criteria: hypertension (78%), hyperlipidemia (47%), obesity (59%), diabetes (29%), and history of CVD (19%). Most reported low (24%) or some control (35%) over their sleep. Participants were at increased risk for sleep apnea, with 47% at moderate risk and 23% at high risk. Most participants reported poor sleep quality (65%) on the PSQI. We conducted logistic regression examining the relationship between sleep and CVD risk and found that poor sleep quality was associated with HTN (p=0.02), even after adjusting for age, race and ethnicity, and gender (AOR 2.44, 95% CI 1.14-5.29).

Discussion:
Given the disproportionate incarceration of racial and ethnic minoritized groups, the impact of incarceration on sleep health and CVD are areas that urgently need to be examined. This study is the first to examine sleep after release from a carceral facility and highlights the need for interventions targeting sleep health and CVD in this population.
Abstract P520: Sleep Duration and Quality Associated With Behavioral Cardiometabolic Health in Israel: Jewish / Arab Ethnic Differences
Authors: Grandner Michael A , Gorovoy Suzanne , Kennedy Kathryn , Valencia Dora , Rasmussen Elizabeth , Rosenberg Elliot
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
The role of sleep health in global cardiometabolic disparities has not been sufficiently explored as a modifiable factor. Israeli Jews and Arabs share national and cultural experiences, but differ with respect to important historical, socio-economic, and cultural aspects.

Hypothesis:
Jewish/Arab Israeli disparities in cardiometabolic health may be partially explained by differences in sleep.

Methods:
7,230 Israeli individuals (N=5880 Jews and N=1350 Arabs) responded to the 2017 Israeli Bureau of Statistics population-based survey of households. Behavioral risk factors included poor diet (<4 servings/day of vegetables), sedentary lifestyle (no exercise within the past 3 months), smoking, and obesity (based on self-reported height and weight). Sleep variables included sleep duration (<=5, 6, 7, 8 [reference], or >=9 hours) and sleep difficulty in the past month (none [reference], mild, moderate, or severe). Covariates included age and sex.

Results:
Israeli Arabs were more likely to be smokers (OR=1.41), sedentary (OR=1.44), obese (OR=1.73), and consume <4 vegetable servings (OR=3.23). In adjusted analyses of sleep duration, smoking was associated with <=5h (OR=1.49, 95%CI [1.23,1.80], p<0.0005) and >=9h (OR=1.33, 95% CI [1.02,1.72], p=0.035), and it was associated with moderate (OR=1.45, 95%CI [1.21,1.75], p<0.0005) and severe (OR=1.57, 95%CI [1.33,1.86], p<0.0005) sleep difficulties. A significant duration-by-ethnicity interaction was observed (p=0.003). Stratified analyses showed that smoking was associated with <=5h and 6h and relationships were stronger in Israeli Arabs. Insufficient vegetable consumption was associated with moderate (OR=1.25, 95%CI [1.04,1.52], p=0.02) and severe (OR=1.32, 95%CI [1.12,1.57], p=0.001) sleep difficulties. A significant duration-by-ethnicity interaction was observed (p=0.02). In stratified analyses, no relationships were seen among Israeli Jews, but among Israeli Arabs, insufficient vegetable consumption was negatively associated with shorter sleep. Sedentary lifestyle was associated with severe sleep difficulties (OR=1.31, 95%CI [1.04,1.65], p=0.02). No interactions were found. Obesity was associated with <=5h (OR=1.36, 95%CI [1.10,1.68], p=0.004) and severe sleep difficulties (OR=1.40, 95%CI [1.17,1.67], p<0.0005). A significant duration-by-ethnicity interaction was found. In stratified analyses, among Israeli Jews, obesity was associated with 7h sleep duration, but among Israeli Arabs, obesity was associated with <=5h, 6h, and >=9h.

Conclusions:
Behavioral cardiometabolic health factors were associated with poor sleep health, but these relationships were generally stronger among Israeli Arabs. Sleep health may be a fruitful intervention target to reduce disparities.
Abstract P521: Sleep Timing and Duration in Relation to DNA Methylation in Adolescents: An Epigenome-Wide Analysis
Authors: Lee Jennifer , Goodrich Jaclyn , Dolinoy Dana , Burgess Helen , Chervin Ronald , Peterson Karen , O'Brien Louise , Tellez-Rojo Martha Maria , CANTORAL ALEJANDRA , Olascoaga-Torres Libni , Song Peter , Jansen Erica
Published: May 2024

Background:
Accumulating evidence suggests that both sleep duration and sleep timing can impact metabolic health of adolescents, potentially through epigenetic modification. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and timing and DNA methylation, one type of epigenetic modification that may be responsive to changes in sleep.

Methods:
Cross-sectional epigenome-wide analysis of DNA methylation was conducted to identify sleep-related CpG sites in 269 females and 233 males (14.4±2.1 years on average) participating in the Early Life Exposure in Mexico to ENvironmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) cohort study. Sleep duration and midpoint on weekdays and weekends were assessed using7-day wrist actigraphy (Actigraph GTX-BT), and DNA methylation in blood leukocytes was measured using the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip. Linear regression was conducted to assess the relationship between sleep variables and DNA methylation at each locus on the array (using beta values), adjusting for sex, age, maternal education, batch effects, monocytes, natural killer cells, B lymphocyte, granulocyte, and naïve CD8 T cells. A false discovery rate (FDR) using the Benjamini-Hochberg method was applied to correct for multiple testing. Sex-stratified associations were also examined.

Results:
The average sleep duration was 8.5±1.3 hours on weekdays and 9.1±1.3 hours on weekends, and the average sleep midpoint was 3:48AM±1.4 hours on weekdays and 4.48AM±1.3 hours on weekends. At false discovery rate <0.05, there were no significant associations at any of the 762,657 CpG sites. However, at a false discovery rate of <0.2, there were positive associations between weekday sleep duration and 4 CpG sites (i.e., longer sleep duration associated with higher % DNA methylation), including a site in or near CpG islands annotated to the gene
DENND2C.
Sex-stratified analyses revealed associations were more evident in males.

Conclusion:
Epigenome-wide analysis identified possible associations between sleep duration and multiple CpG sites, and in a sex-specific manner. Findings suggest that sleep duration may impact the epigenome in a distinct manner from sleep timing.
Abstract P528: Associations Between Sleep Duration and Sedentary Behavior Among Racial/Ethnic Minorities: Analysis of NHANES 2011-2018
Authors: Zamora Astrid N , Patel Michele L , King Abby C
Published: May 2024

Underlying mechanisms linking sleep to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are unclear, though they may be partially explained by movement behavior (e.g., sedentary time, moderate-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]). However, large-scale studies among racial/ethnic minorities are scant, which is important to address, given existing racial/ethnic disparities in CVD risk. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data was used to address these gaps. Adults 20-80 years from NHANES 2011-2018 were included in this cross-sectional study. After excluding those < 20 years, those with depression, and those with missing data on sleep duration, sedentary time or MVPA, or putative confounders, 13,024 participants were included in the analysis. Sleep duration (hr./night), sedentary time (hr./day), and MVPA (hr./day) were self-reported, with sedentary time and MVPA obtained from the validated Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Multivariate linear regression was used to evaluate the association between sleep duration and sedentary time, adjusted for MVPA, age, gender, race/ethnicity, body mass index, smoking history, education, and poverty income ratio. Additionally, we examined if associations between sleep duration and sedentary time varied by MVPA. Finally, we used stratification to assess whether the association between sleep duration and sedentary time varied by race/ethnicity. Median (Q1, Q3) age was 45.2 (31.1, 58.9) years and 52.3% of the sample were male. Median (Q1, Q3) sleep duration, sedentary time, and MVPA were 7.0 (6.1, 7.8) hr./night, 5.6 (3.8, 7.8) hr./day, and 2.9 (1.0, 6.1) hr./day), respectively. In the full sample, sleep duration was inversely associated with sedentary time (β = -5.5 min [95% CI: -9.3, -1.8] p = .0047), with each additional hr. of sleep duration associated with a 5.5-min decrease in sedentary time. MVPA did not change the association between sleep duration and sedentary time. After stratifying by race/ethnicity, differences in the sleep duration-sedentary time association were observed. Among multi-racial participants, every 1-hr. increase in sleep duration was associated with a 21.0-min. decrease in sedentary time (β = -21.0 min. [95% CI: -35.6, -6.5] p = .0053), a similar pattern was observed among Non-Hispanic (NH)-Asian participants (β = -12.6 min. [95% CI: -21.1, -4.0] p = .0047) and participants that identified as Mexican American or other Hispanic (β = -6.8 min. [95% CI: -11.2, -2.4] p = .0029). Associations between sleep and sedentary behavior may differ according to race/ethnicity. Findings indicate that researchers designing physical activity and sedentary behavior reduction interventions for racial/ethnic minorities should consider how sleep health may be affected. However, prospective studies with repeated measures are needed to confirm the temporality of these associations.
Abstract P534: Sex Differences in Left Ventricular Diastolic Function and Cognitive Performance in Midlife: Evidence From the Bogalusa Heart Study
Authors: JIN XUANYI , Naqvi Tasneem Z , De Anda-Duran Ileana , Guo Yajun , Fernandez Alonso Camilo , Mills Katherine T , He Jiang , Urbina Elaine M , Chen Jing , Bazzano Lydia A
Published: May 2024

Background:
Despite the growing interest in the role of isolated left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction in cardiac remodeling, little is known about its association with cognitive performance in midlife, prior to the onset of dementia.

Hypothesis:
We hypothesized that LV diastolic dysfunction and cardiac remodeling will be associated with cognitive performance in middle-aged adults. These associations might differ by sex and race.

Aim:
To investigate the impact of left atrial (LA) size, LV mass, volume, systolic and diastolic function on cognition in middle-aged Black and White, men and women from a rural, community-based cohort, the Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS), in Louisiana.

Methods:
A total of 1,107 participants from the BHS (48.1±5.4 years, 56.7% female, 34.3% black) with echocardiography and cognitive testing were included. Cognitive performance was quantified in a global cognitive score (GCS) comprised of the z standardized sum of 7 neuropsychiatric tests. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used for the association of E/e’, LA volume index (LAVi), LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), mass index (LVMi) as well as ejection fraction (LVEF) with GCS adjusted for age, sex, race, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total and HDL cholesterol, history of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension as well as education. Interactions by sex and race were tested.

Results:
Even after adjusting for age, sex and race, larger LAVi, LVEDV, LVMi, higher E/e’ and lower e’ were associated with poorer cognitive function (all
p
<0.05), but not LVEF. These associations remained significant for E/e’, e’, and LVMi after adjusting for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total and HDL cholesterol, history of smoking, diabetes, hypertension, as well as education. There was no significant race interaction. In contrast, the association of E/e’ with GCS was significantly stronger (standardized β coefficient =-0.20;
p
<0.01) in middle-aged women, but not in middle-aged men (standardized β coefficient =-0.04;
p
<0.36;
p
interaction=0.02).

Conclusion:
LV diastolic function is more closely associated with mid-life cognition than systolic function, and the association is present among middle aged women but not men.
Abstract P538: Relations of Left Ventricular Mass With Long-Term Cardiovascular and Health Outcomes: The Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Pan Stephanie , Ramachandran Vasan S , Cheng Susan , Xanthakis Vanessa
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Although elevated left ventricular mass (LVM) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events over short-term follow-up, limited data exists regarding echocardiographic assessments in relation to long-term health outcomes.

Hypothesis:
We assessed the associations of LVM to the risk of incident all-cause mortality, CVD, dementia, hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) over 20 years of follow-up.

Methods:
We evaluated up to 3 serial echocardiographic observations (1991-2008) for up to 8218 Framingham Heart Study participants. We modeled LVM as indexed to height
2.7
, logarithmically transformed then standardized. Utilizing multivariable-adjusted time-dependent and interval-censored Cox proportional hazards models, we related log-LVMI to the incidence of CVD and other health outcomes through the end of 2019 by updating LVM and all covariates at multiple examinations.

Results:
Over a median follow-up of 17 years (max 29 years), our study participants (mean age 47 years, 54% women) experienced 1353 events for all-cause mortality, 948 for CVD, 293 for dementia, 1631 for hypertension, 492 for diabetes, and 627 for CKD. Higher log-LVMI was significantly associated with increased incident all-cause mortality and CVD, including its respective components: coronary heart disease, heart failure (with reduced and preserved ejection fraction), and stroke. Results were consistent for incident hard and atherosclerotic CVD. Higher LVMI was also significantly associated with increased incidence of dementia, hypertension, diabetes, and CKD (defined as eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m
2
and defined with urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30).

Conclusions:
In our large prospective community-based sample higher LVMI carries an adverse prognosis for multiple health outcomes over two decades of follow-up. These findings underscore the importance of maintaining an optimal LVM over the life course with control of its key determinants such as blood pressure and glycemia.
The genus Syllis Savigny in Lamarck, 1818 (Annelida: Syllidae: Syllinae) from Australia (Fourth part)
Authors: MARTÍN GUILLERMO SAN , LUCAS YOLANDA , HUTCHINGS PAT
Published: May 2024

Syllis Savigny in Lamarck, 1818, the type genus of Syllidae, is the largest and most diverse within the family. This genus presents many taxonomic, biogeographic, and phylogenetic problems due mainly to the lack of molecular data and morphological synapomorphies for many of the species, but also due to poor or inadequate descriptions. In order to improve our understanding of the genus, we have undertaken a morphological revision of Australian species, based on type material and material collected over years by the Australian Museum. This is the fourth paper dealing with this genus. Nine species are herein described, of which five are new records for Australia: Syllis ergeni Çinar, 2005; S. patersoni Soto, San Martín & Lucas, 2020; S. valida Grube, 1857; S. violacea Grube, 1870; and S. ypsiloides Aguado, San Martín & ten Hove, 2008. Three species already known from Australia are redescribed: S. heronislandensis (Hartmann-Schröder, 1991) n. comb.; S. parturiens Haswell, 1920; and S. cf. schmardiana Haswell, 1886. Syllis gantheaumensis (Hartmann-Schröder, 1979) n. comb. is raised to species level, since it was originally described as a subspecies of Typosyllis filidentata Hartmann-Schröder, 1962. We include an addendum with a list of species already treated in the previous papers on this genus, as well as some new synonymies after revision of types: Typosyllis (Typosyllis) gerhardi Hartmann-Schröder, 1980 and T. (T.) guildertonensis Hartmann-Schröder, 1979, as synonymous of Syllis busseltonensis (Hartmann-Schröder, 1982); T. (T.) raygeorgei Hartmann-Schröder, 1979 as synonymous of S. hyalina Grube, 1863; T. (T.) rockinghamensis Hartmann-Schröder, 1983 and T. (T.) pseudopapillata Hartmann-Schröder, 1991 as synonymous of S. pharobroomensis (Hartmann-Schröder, 1979). We also include a discussion of the genus and a key to Australian species.
New data on spider wasps of the subgenus Ammosphex Wilcke, 1942 (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae, Arachnospila Kincaid, 1900) from Western Siberia, Russia
Authors: LOKTIONOV VALERY M. , PROSHCHALYKIN MAXIM YU.
Published: May 2024

The new species, Arachnospila (Ammosphex) altaica Loktionov, sp. nov., is described and illustrated from the Altai Republic, Western Siberia, Russia based on male specimens. The new species belongs to A. (Am.) abnormis species-group, whose males have a tuft of long bristles on hypopygium ventrally. The male of the new species is clearly distinguished from congeners by the unique shape of the hypopygium and the position of the bristles on it. Seven species of the subgenus Ammosphex Wilcke, 1942 from the genus Arachnospila Kincaid, 1900 are newly recorded from Western Siberia. The new species and new regional records raise the number of species known from Western Siberia to 58, and the total number of spider wasps in Russia to 251.
Nomenclatural notes on a variety of Orthoptera
Authors: BRAUN HOLGER
Published: May 2024

This short paper resolves some synonymic issues, mostly within neotropical Tettigoniidae, that arose from the migration of Orthoptera Species File to a new software platform. Furthermore, the preoccupied name Ommatoptera is replaced by its junior synonym Pseudotanusia and Conocephalus macroxiphus is moved from Ruspolia to Neoconocephalus. Moreover, new names are proposed for primary or secondary homonyms among a species of tree cricket from China and seven species of grasshoppers from China, Australia and Africa. Micropterellus is proposed as substitute name for Micropterus in the Pyrgomorphidae.
A Comparative Study on the Degradation of Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange Dyes Under the Irradiation of Visible Light Using GO–CdO Nanocomposites
Authors: Ruby Kamalam M. Beaula , Inbanathan S. S. R. , Mustafa Jawed , Abdullah M. M. , Husain Shahid , Sethuraman K.
Published: May 2024

Cadmium oxide nanoparticles synthesized from alcoholic method using cadmium chloride monohydride and the composites with GO by simple dispersion method. Two nanocomposites with 5 Wt% and 10 Wt% loading of CdO over GO were prepared and named as GC1 and GC2 respectively. From XRD the
CdO nanoparticles were of crystalline nature and were indexed to JCPDS card no: 05-0640 corresponding to Cubic lattice system. The particle like morphology of the CdO was confirmed by SEM and TEM. The decoration of monolayer GO sheets by CdO nanoparticles was unveiled through these studies.
The Raman analysis reveals the presence of D and G peaks in the composites with an increased ID/IG ratio. UV-Vis study displays the absorption edge of CdO and a redshift is observed for GC2. From PL study, emission peak occurs at 358 nm for composites along with a quenching
of intensity for GC2. The TG-DT analysis reveals the thermal stability of pristine and nanocomposites. Photocatalytic degradation of the as synthesized samples was studied for Methylene orange and Methylene blue dye using a Xenon lamp with 500 W. The degradation of the GC2 happens in 90 minutes
with degradation efficiency 73% of was achieved for Methyl Orange dye. For Methylene blue the GC2 sample degrades only in 30 minutes with an efficiency of 94% was achieved.
Improving Estimation of Specific Differential Phase and Assessing Differential Backscattering Phase
Authors: Mishler Reese , Zhang Guifu , Mahale Vivek N.
Published: May 2024

Polarimetric variables such as differential phase ΦDP and its range derivative, specific differential phase KDP, contain useful information for improving quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) and microphysics retrieval. However, the usefulness of the current operationally utilized estimation method of KDP is limited by measurement error and artifacts resulting from the differential backscattering phase δ. The contribution of δ can significantly influence the ΦDP measurements and therefore negatively affect the KDP estimates. Neglecting the presence of δ within non-Rayleigh scattering regimes has also led to the adoption of incorrect terminology regarding signatures seen within current operational KDP estimates implying associated regions of unrealistic liquid water content. A new processing method is proposed and developed to estimate both KDP and δ using classification and linear programming (LP) to reduce bias in KDP estimates caused by the δ component. It is shown that by applying the LP technique specifically to the rain regions of Rayleigh scattering along a radial profile, accurate estimates of differential propagation phase, specific differential phase, and differential backscattering phase can be retrieved within regions of both Rayleigh and non-Rayleigh scattering. This new estimation method is applied to cases of reported hail and tornado debris, and the LP results are compared to the operationally utilized least squares fit (LSF) estimates. The results show the potential use of the differential backscattering phase signature in the detection of hail and tornado debris.
METTL3 Modulates Ctsk+ Lineage Supporting Cranial Osteogenesis via Hedgehog
Authors: Xu R. , Sheng R. , Lin W. , Jiang S. , Zhang D. , Liu L. , Lei K. , Li X. , Liu Z. , Zhang X. , Wang Y. , Seriwatanachai D. , Zhou X. , Yuan Q.
Published: May 2024

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, a eukaryotic messenger RNA modification catalyzed by methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), plays a pivotal role in stem cell fate determination. Calvarial bone development and maintenance are orchestrated by the cranial sutures. Cathepsin K (CTSK)–positive calvarial stem cells (CSCs) contribute to mice calvarial ossification. However, the role of m6A modification in regulating Ctsk+ lineage cells during calvarial development remains elusive. Here, we showed that METTL3 was colocalized with cranial nonosteoclastic Ctsk+ lineage cells, which were also associated with GLI1 expression. During neonatal development, depletion of Mettl3 in the Ctsk+ lineage cells delayed suture formation and decreased mineralization. During adulthood maintenance, loss of Mettl3 in the Ctsk+ lineage cells impaired calvarial bone formation, which was featured by the increased bone porosity, enhanced bone marrow cavity, and decreased number of osteocytes with the less-developed cellular outline. The analysis of methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing and RNA sequencing data indicated that loss of METTL3 reduced Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. Restoration of Hh signaling pathway by crossing Sufufl/+ alleles or by local administration of SAG21 partially rescued the abnormity. Our data indicate that METTL3 modulates Ctsk+ lineage cells supporting calvarial bone formation by regulating the Hh signaling pathway, providing new insights for clinical treatment of skull vault osseous diseases.
Diagnostic Strategies for Restorations Management: A 70-Month RCT
Authors: Digmayer Romero V.H. , Signori C. , Uehara J.L.S. , Montagner A.F. , van de Sande F.H. , Maydana G.S. , Chaves E.T. , Schwendicke F. ,   CaCIA Collaborative Group, Braga M.M. , Huysmans M.-C. , Mendes F.M. , Cenci M.S.
Published: May 2024

We aimed to evaluate the impact of 2 visual diagnostic strategies for assessing secondary caries and managing permanent posterior restorations on long-term survival. We conducted a diagnostic cluster-randomized clinical trial with 2 parallel groups using different diagnostic strategies: (C+AS) based on caries assessment, marginal adaptation, and marginal staining aspects of the FDI (World Dental Federation) criteria and (C) based on caries assessment using the Caries Associated with Restorations or Sealants (CARS) criteria described by the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). The treatment for the restoration was conducted based on the decision made following the allocated diagnostic strategy. The restorations were then clinically reevaluated for up to 71 mo. The primary outcome was restoration failure (including tooth-level failure: pain, endodontic treatment, and extraction). Cox regression analyses with shared frailty were conducted in the intention-to-treat population, and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were derived. We included 727 restorations from 185 participants and reassessed 502 (69.1%) restorations during follow-up. The evaluations occurred between 6 and 71 mo. At baseline, C led to almost 4 times fewer interventions compared with the C+AS strategy. A total of 371 restorations were assessed in the C group, from which 31 (8.4%) were repaired or replaced. In contrast, the C+AS group had 356 restorations assessed, from which 113 (31.7%) were repaired or replaced. During follow-up, 34 (9.2%) failures were detected in the restorations allocated to the C group and 30 (8.4%) allocated to the C+AS group in the intention-to-treat population, with no significant difference between the groups (HR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.51 to 1.38; P = 0.435, C+AS as reference). In conclusion, a diagnostic strategy focusing on marginal defects results in more initial interventions but does not improve longevity over the caries-focused strategy, suggesting the need for more conservative approaches.
Care Workers’ Turnover Intentions Associated With Workplace Abuse: The Role of Work-Related Stress and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Ko Sunghyun , Lee Yeonjung
Published: May 2024

This study examines the association between workplace abuse experienced by care workers at the hands of care recipients and their turnover intentions, as well as the mediating effects of work-related stress and job satisfaction. Compared to care recipients’ experiences of abuse, care workers’ experiences have been relatively underexplored. Using data from the Korean National Long-Term Care Survey in 2019, the path from workplace abuse to care workers’ turnover intentions was examined. Results showed significant mediating effects of work-related stress and job satisfaction in the relationship between workplace abuse and turnover intentions. Findings have policy implications for improving long-term care workers’ social awareness and working conditions.
Correlations of Physical and Psychological Health in Parents of Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Johnson Norah L. , Bekhet Abir K. , Zint Emily , Wang June , Pena Sylvia , Van Hecke Amy , Garnier-Villarreal Mauricio , Ng Alexander
Published: May 2024

Background:

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have social communication difficulties and restricted, repetitive, and/or sensory behaviors or interests. The prevalence of ASD is now 1 in 36 individuals. Parents of individuals with ASD face challenges that can affect their physical and psychological well-being.

Objective:

With the long-term goal to tailor an exercise program, the purpose of this study was 2-fold: (1) establish the baseline physical and mental health of parents of individuals with ASD and (2) estimate the relationship of physiologic variables with psychological variables of health for parents of individuals with ASD.

Methods:

This descriptive, cross-sectional study (N = 44) explored physical health measures and the correlation between physical and psychological health, using measures of anxiety, stress, parenting depression, and positive thinking for parents who care for individuals with ASD.

Results:

The common characteristics that these parents shared was high body fat and low physical activity. Body fat was negatively correlated to total step count ( r = −0.428, P < .05), grip strength ( r = −0.319, P < .5), and total distance walked in the week ( r = −0.661, P < .01), and positively correlated to 5-times sit to stand ( r = 0.337, P < .05). Low activity correlated to increased parenting stress of advocating for child’s needs ( r = −0.310, P = .043).

Conclusions:

Understanding relationships between physical and psychological health informs effective interventions and support systems for parents. Parents need supports to be able to prioritize exercise. Future studies should include a larger sample to verify these effects.
The effect of heat treatment on the anisotropic mechanical properties of metastable β titanium alloy
Authors: Wang Qian , Yang Yujing , Huang Sensen , Qi Min , Zhao Jianbo , Yan Feng , Ma Yingjie , Lei Jiafeng , Yang Rui
Published: May 2024

The effect of heat treatment on the anisotropic mechanical properties of metastable β titanium alloy is investigated in this work. The anisotropic deformation behaviour is mainly due to the formation of band-like macrozone and texture during forging, which can be effectively weakened by solution + aging treatment. Both the microstructure and texture of the heat treated samples are favourable for the lower strength, higher ductility and impact toughness of axis direction (AD) samples than circumferential direction (CD) ones. Besides, the CD impact samples have stronger anisotropy than AD samples. The delamination along different directions happens in the impact fracture surface of CD samples.
The effect of pre-deformation on the mechanical properties of Al–Li–Cu + TiC/TiB2 alloy
Authors: Du Yuwan , Dong Chenghao , Li Yong , Zhao Jinghang , Zhang Xuefeng , Wang Zhe , Wang Haiyao
Published: May 2024

In this study, Al–Li alloys containing TiC + TiB2 particles were successfully prepared by mechanical stirring method. The alloy organisation and nanoparticles were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalyser (EPMA). The number of T1 phases in the alloy matrix after different pre-deformation was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that TiC and TiB2 acted as nucleation plasmas for grains during solidification, promoting non-uniform nucleation and refining the grains in the 0.5 samples, the main recrystallisation mechanism of the alloy during solidification was the particle-stimulated nucleation (PSN) mechanism, and the incorporation of nanoparticles improved the recrystallisation resistance of the alloy, while the yield strength of the alloy firstly increased and then decreased as the amount of pre-deformation increased, and the best tensile properties occurred The yield strength and tensile strength of 0.5 samples after 5% pre-deformation were 580 MPa and 603 MPa, respectively.
Optimizing the surface quality of heat-treated 2Cr13 stainless steel via electrochemical machining
Authors: Xu JingSheng , Wang ManFu
Published: May 2024

The improvement of mechanical properties and surface quality was of great significance for materials. In this study, 2Cr13 stainless steel was subjected to the quenching and tempering treatment. The electrochemical machining approach was adopted for surface treatment. The results showed that the quenching and tempering treatment improved the Vickers microhardness of 2Cr13 stainless steel. The enhancement of microhardness was facilitated by the formation of tempered sorbite and grain refinement. Electrochemical machining provided high quality surfaces. The heat-treated workpice had more advantages in electrochemical machining efficiency. The polarization curves proved a downward shift of the self-corrosion potential for the heat-treated 2Cr13 stainless steel, which was strongly related to the electrochemical behavior. A mechanism model for promoting anode electrochemical dissolution was proposed.
The Nexus of Knowledge, Action, and Values, and the Philosophical, Social, and Normative Foundations of Marketing
Authors: Haase Michaela
Published: May 2024

Pressing global problems place demands on scientific communities in terms of responsibility and accountability that require a discipline to make use of its capacity to act and the policies that can be developed on the basis of scientific knowledge. With a particular focus on values, the paper examines four areas or dimensions that determine the scope for action in the scientific context and thus influence the way in which scientific communities can assume responsibility. The analysis is based on a model rooted in the values-in-science literature, which specifies steering, doing, using, and managing science as the main scientific processes in which values can relate to science. Using the example of the intra-disciplinary division between macromarketing and micromarketing, the paper compares scientific processes in a world given by the nexus of knowledge, action, and values with a world in which values are primarily seen as a threat to science. Against this background, the preconditions for a proper positioning of the marketing discipline and marketing policy are explained.
Forecasting of blast furnace gas utilisation rate via convolutional autoencoders and K-nearest neighbour methods
Authors: Huang Qingyun , Liu Zenghao , Luo Mingshuai , He Jiansheng , Lv Xuewei
Published: May 2024

Gas utilisation rate (GUR) is an essential parameter to characterise the level of energy utilisation efficiency and operation status of blast furnaces (BFs). In the present study, data collected from a BF plant with vanadium–titanium magnetite were subjected to correlation and distribution analyses. Based on the operation cycle of the BF, production parameters from the preceding eight consecutive hours were selected as input parameters for the model. Convolutional autoencoders (CAEs) were employed to extract coded features from the selected data, serving as indirect inputs to the prediction model. Subsequently, K-nearest neighbour (KNN) was utilised to establish a mapping relationship between the coded features and GUR, facilitating forecasting for the subsequent 3 hours. Additionally, a hybrid approach incorporating both supervised and unsupervised training methods was utilised to facilitate GUR prediction, and the performance of the CAE–KNN model was re-validated using data from the remaining sections of the plant. The hit rate of predictions is no less than 96% as the permissible error was within 1.5%.
Choice or Constraint? A Locally Tailored Assessment of Housing and Transportation Costs in Central Texas
Authors: Situ Minyu , Karner Alex
Published: May 2024

Transportation costs are a key component of an overall household budget. These costs are determined in part by residential location—housing and transportation costs are inextricably linked. The burden of high housing and transportation costs must be understood in context. High costs on their own are not necessarily a problem if a household freely chooses their location. Although several national-level tools (including the Center for Neighborhood Technology’s H+T Index and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development’s Location Affordability Index) are now available to improve transparency about combined housing and transportation costs, their ability to reflect local conditions and to understand relative burdens is limited. In this paper, we create a combined housing and transportation cost index tailored to the realities of the Austin metropolitan area in Central Texas, with most data sources coming from state and local government or pertinent transportation agencies. We identify households allocating large shares of their budgets to housing and transportation costs and differentiate between those that have the ability to mode switch to reduce costs in principle and those that do not. Black and Hispanic/Latino households were disproportionately burdened by high costs. But across the entire population, overall cost burdens were low. This result means that fostering nonautomobile travel or denser residential living will be challenging using cost arguments alone.
Step by step technique of Stentless Florence Robotic Intracorporeal Neobladder (FloRIN), does the ureteral management influence functional outcomes?
Authors: Lambertini Luca , Di Maida Fabrizio , Cadenar Anna , Grosso Antonio Andrea , Valastro Francesca , Bacchiani Mara , Giudici Sofia , Sandulli Alessandro , Lipparini Filippo , Salamone Vincenzo , Paganelli Daniele , Coco Simone , Mari Andrea , Minervini Andrea
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Benefits and harms of avoid the sent placement during IntraCorporeal Neobladder configuration are still debated. Our objective was to describe the step-by-step technique of Florence intracorporeal neobladder (FloRIN) configuration performed with stentless procedure focusing on perioperative and mid-term functional outcomes.

Materials and methods:

In this single institution prospective randomized 1:1 series all consecutive patients underwent Robot-Assisted Radical Cystectomy (RARC) and FloRIN reconfiguration from January 2021 to March 2021 were enrolled. Functional perioperative and mid-term outcomes were gathered. Postoperative complications were graded according to Clavien-Dindo classification and divided in early (<30 days from discharge) and delayed (>30 days).

Results:

Overall, 10 patients were included in the analysis. Of these, the 50.0% was treated with Stentless FloRIN. In terms of baseline features, no differences were recorded between the two groups. Median age was 65 and 66 years while median BMI was 27 and 25 in the stentless and in the stent group, respectively. Concerning intraoperative variables, no intraoperative complications as well as open conversion occurred among both groups. As regard introperative features, a shorter console time was associated with stentless procedure (331 min vs 365 min). In terms of perioperative outcomes, canalization and time to drainage removal didn’t differ between groups while length of hospital stay was significantly lower in stentless group 10 days versus 14 days. Early and delayed postoperative complication rate was not influenced by the ureteral management at a preliminary assessment with comparable rates of Clavien Dindo ⩾ 3a between the two groups. Mid-term functional outcomes did not differ between groups in terms of kidney function loss.

Conclusions:

FloRIN with Stentless technique showed functional and perioperative preliminary outcomes comparable with the standard ureteral management strategy. Further series with longer functional follow-up assessment will be needed to confirm our preliminary results.