bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antenna Azimuth Position Control System using PID Controller & State-Feedback Controller Approach
Authors: Uthman Aveen , Sudin Shahdan
Published: July 2018

This paper analyzed two controllers with the view to improve the overall control of an antenna azimuth position. Frequency ranges were utilized for the PID controller in the system; while Ziegler-Nichols was used to tune the PID parameter gains. A state feedback controller was formulated from the state-space equation and pole-placements were adopted to ensure the model design complied with the specifications to meet transient response. MATLAB Simulink platform was used for the system simulation. The system response for both the two controllers were analyzed and compared to ascertain the best controller with best azimuth positioning for the antenna. It was observed that state-feedback controller provided the best azimuth positioning control with a little settling time, some value of overshoot and no steady-state error is detected.
Experimental Analysis of Cable Distance Effect on Signal Attenuation in Single and Multimode Fiber Optics
Authors: Stanley Uzairue , Matthews Olu Victor , Ochonogor Charles , Peter Amaize , Francis Anyasi
Published: July 2018

Losses during transmission and high demand of high data rate by the end users have become the biggest challenges facing the telecommunication industries worldwide with Nigeria inclusive. Fiber optic cable as a channel of communication has been adapted worldwide in solving these problems but there is a little limitation in the place of multimode fiber in long distance communication. This paper focuses on the effect of changes in distance on transmitted bandwidth on single mode and multimode fiber. Two cases were considered during this research; (a) with optical amplifier placed in between multimode fiber and (b) without optical amplifier in between multimode fiber. Readings were taken at various distances when specific bandwidth ranging from 50Mbps to 500Mbps was transmitted from the base station to the various distances and it was observed that there was no significant changes in bandwidth received at specified distances (100, 200, 300, 400, 500 etc) m when using single mode fiber, there was a drastic reduction in bandwidth when it get to a distance of 300m when using multimode. When optical amplifier was placed in between the multimode fiber at some selected distances after 400m from the transmitting BTS, it was noticed that the drastic reduction in transmitted bandwidth was almost eliminated, thereby proven that multimode fiber can be use in long distance communication provided optical amplifiers are incorporated in between the distance to bust the signal strength.
Transceiver Design for MIMO Systems with Individual Transmit Power Constraints
Authors: Muthalagu Raja
Published: July 2018

This paper investigate the transceiver design for single-user multiple-input multipleoutput system (SU-MIMO). Joint transceiver design with an improper modulation is developed based on the minimum total mean-squared error (TMSE) criterion under two different cases. One is equal power allocation (EPA) and other is the power constraint that jointly meets both EPA and total transmit power constraint (TTPC) (i.e ITPC). Transceiver is designed based on the assumption that both the perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI) is available at both the transmitter and receiver. The simulation results show the performance improvement of the proposed work over conventional work in terms of bit error rate (BER).
CCCORE: Cloud Container for Collaborative Research
Authors: Suresh Salini , Rao L. Manjunatha
Published: July 2018

Cloud-based research collaboration platforms render scalable, secure and inventive environments that enabled academic and scientific researchers to share research data, applications and provide access to high- performance computing resources. Dynamic allocation of resources according to the unpredictable needs of applications used by researchers is a key challenge in collaborative research environments. We propose the design of Cloud Container based Collaborative Research (CCCORE) framework to address dynamic resource provisioning according to the variable workload of compute and data-intensive applications or analysis tools used by researchers. Our proposed approach relies on–demand, customized containerization and comprehensive assessment of resource requirements to achieve optimal resource allocation in a dynamic collaborative research environment. We propose algorithms for dynamic resource allocation problem in a collaborative research environment, which aim to minimize finish time, improve throughput and achieve optimal resource utilization by employing the underutilized residual resources.
Text Mining for Pest and Disease Identification on Rice Farming with Interactive Text Messaging
Authors: Costa Edio da , Tjandrasa Handayani , Djanali Supeno
Published: July 2018

To overcome pests and diseases of rice farming, farmers always rely on information and knowledge from agricultural experts for decision making. The problem is that experts are not always available when the farmers need and the cost is quite high. Pests and diseases elimination is hard to be done individually since the farmers are lack of knowledge about the pest types that attack the rice fields. The objective of this study is to build a knowledge-based system that can identify pests and diseases interactively based on the information that has been told by the farmers using SMS communication services. The system can provide a convenience way to the farmers in delivering pests and disease problem information using a natural language. The text mining method performs tokenizing, filtering and porter stemming that used to extract important information sent by a SMS service. The method of Jaccard Similarity Coefficient (JSC) was used to calculate similarities of each pest and disease based on symptoms that are sent by the farmers through SMS. The corpus database usedin this study consists of 28.526 root words, 1.309 stop wordsand 180 words list. Pest and disease database reference in this study was obtained from the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisher (MAF) Timor-Leste. The result of the experiment shows that the system is able to identify the symptoms based on the keywords identified with the accuracy of 81%. The result of pest and disease identification has the accuracy of 86%.
A Prolific Scheme for Load Balancing Relying on Task Completion Time
Authors: Anand V. , Anuradha K.
Published: July 2018

In networks with lot of computation, load balancing gains increasing significance. To offer various resources, services and applications, the ultimate aim is to facilitate the sharing of services and resources on the network over the Internet. A key issue to be focused and addressed in networks with large amount of computation is load balancing. Load is the number of tasks‘t’ performed by a computation system. The load can be categorized as network load and CPU load. For an efficient load balancing strategy, the process of assigning the load between the nodes should enhance the resource utilization and minimize the computation time. This can be accomplished by a uniform distribution of load of to all the nodes. A Load balancing method should guarantee that, each node in a network performs almost equal amount of work pertinent to their capacity and availability of resources. Relying on task subtraction, this work has presented a pioneering algorithm termed as E-TS (Efficient-Task Subtraction). This algorithm has selected appropriate nodes for each task. The proposed algorithm has improved the utilization of computing resources and has preserved the neutrality in assigning the load to the nodes in the network.
Hybrid Speckle Noise Reduction Method for Abdominal Circumference Segmentation of Fetal Ultrasound Images
Authors: Hermawati Fajar Astuti , Tjandrasa Handayani , Suciati Nanik
Published: July 2018

Fetal biometric size such as abdominal circumference (AC) is used to predict fetal weight or gestational age in ultrasound images. The automatic biometric measurement can improve efficiency in the ultrasonography examination workflow. The unclear boundaries of the abdomen image and the speckle noise presence are the challenges for the automated AC measurement techniques. The main problem to improve the accuracy of the automatic AC segmentation is how to remove noise while retaining the boundary features of objects. In this paper, we proposed a hybrid ultrasound image denoising framework which was a combination of spatial-based filtering method and multiresolution based method.  In this technique, an ultrasound image was decomposed into subbands using wavelet transform. A thresholding technique and the anisotropic diffusion method were applied to the detail subbands, at the same time the bilateral filtering modified the approximation subband. The proposed denoising approach had the best performance in the edge preservation level and could improve the accuracy of the abdominal circumference segmentation.
The Fact-Finding Security Examination in NFC-enabled Mobile Payment System
Authors: Vishwakarma Pinki Prakash , Tripathy Amiya Kumar , Vemuru Srikanth
Published: July 2018

Contactless payments devised for NFC technology are gaining popularity. Howbeit, with NFC technology permeating concerns about arising security threats and risks to lessen mobile payments is vital. The security analysis of NFC-enabled mobile payment system is precariously imperative due to its widespread ratification. In mobile payments security is a prevalent concern by virtue of the financial value at stave. This paper assays the security of NFC based mobile payment system. It discusses the security requirements, threats and attacks that could occur in mobile payment system and the countermeasures to be taken to secure pursuance suitability.
Design and Implementation of a Secure Communication Protocol
Authors: Viswanath M. K. , Kumar M. Ranjith
Published: July 2018

The main object of this paper is to present a mutual authentication protocol that guarantees security, integrity and authenticity of messages, transferred over a network system. In this paper a symmetric key cryptosystem, that satisfies all the above requirements, is developed using theorems of J.R. Chen, I.M. Vinogradov and Fermat and the decimal expansion of an irrational number.
A Survey of Machine Learning Techniques for Self-tuning Hadoop Performance
Authors: Rahman Md. Armanur , Hossen J. , C Venkataseshaiah , Ho CK , Geok Tan Kim , Sultana Aziza , H. Jesmeen M. Z. , Hossain Ferdous
Published: July 2018

The Apache Hadoop framework is an open source implementation of MapReduce for processing and storing big data. However, to get the best performance from this is a big challenge because of its large number configuration parameters. In this paper, the concept of critical issues of Hadoop system, big data and machine learning have been highlighted and an analysis of some machine learning techniques applied so far, for improving the Hadoop performance is presented. Then, a promising machine learning technique using deep learning algorithm is proposed for Hadoop system performance improvement.
Small carnivores of Silent Valley National Park, Kerala, India
Authors: Sanghamithra Devika , Nameer P. O.
Published: July 2018

A study on the small carnivores in Silent Valley National Park (SVNP), southern Western Ghats, Kerala, India was conducted from September 2015 to April 2016, using the camera trap technique.  Seven species of small carnivores were recorded during the study.  The most common species of small carnivore of SVNP was Viverricula indica (44%) followed by Paradoxurus jerdoni (20%) and Herpestes vitticollis (17%). The other small carnivores found at SVNP were Herpestes fuscus (7%), Prionailurus bengalensis (6%), Aonyx cinereus (5%) and Martes gwatkinsii (1%).  P. jerdoni and M. gwatkinsii are endemic to the Western Ghats.  We discuss the niche partitioning among small carnivores in SVNP.
Community structure of benthic macroinvertebrate fauna of river Ichamati, India
Authors: Basu Arnab , Sarkar Indrani , Datta Siddartha , Roy Sheela
Published: July 2018

Benthic macroinvertebrate communities are frequently applied as indicators of aquatic ecosystem health as many species are responsive to pollution and abrupt changes in their surroundings.  The qualities of benthic invertebrate communities greatly depend on habitat conditions.  Thus the diversity in benthic community varies with different habitat conditions.  This investigation on the structure of the benthic invertebrate communities was conducted on river Ichamati, a trans-boundary river between India and Bangladesh to assess the cumulative effects of water quality on the aquatic biota.  The study period extended from February 2011 to January 2014 at three sites from Majdiah to Hasanabad (in West Bengal, India) a stretch of 124km.  A total of 23 macrobenthic species belonging to three phyla, five classes and nine orders were identified.  Fifteen species of benthic invertebrates belonging to Mollusca, three species under Annelida and five species under Arthropoda were found.  The highest abundance density (3633.33 indiv.m-2) and species richness (18 species) were recorded up-stream (Majdiah) where marginal habitats covered by macrophytes were significantly higher than at other sites.  Both the organic carbon (4.41±1.11) and organic matter (7.48±1.56) of soil at this site were the maximum thus influencing the richness of benthic macroinvertebrate communities.  Hydrological variables, viz, dissolved oxygen, pH, alkalinity; hardness, salinity, nutrients, calcium, and magnesium were studied to determine their influences on the benthic community in the upper, middle- and down-streams of the river, respectively.  Shannon’s diversity index (0.95–2.07; 0.00–0.72; 0.00–0.64), dominance index (0.57–0.86; 0.00–0.44; 0.00–0.44), evenness index (0.72–0.95; 0.61–1.00; 0.00–1.00), Margalef index (0.72–2.23; 0.00–1.32; 0.00-0.28) of the upper, middle- and down-streams were calculated. Benthic macroinvertebrate density was correlated with hydrological variables which indicated that the abiotic factors had either direct or inverse influence on the richness and abundance; however, the abiotic factors did not correlate identically in all three sites.
Head-Based Syntactic Identity in Sluicing
Authors: Rudin Deniz
Published: July 2018

This article puts forward two distinct arguments regarding the condition on identity between antecedent and ellipsis site that governs the grammaticality of sluices. The first argument is that the viability of a requirement of syntactic identity has been too hastily dismissed. Such a condition is viable if syntactic identity is not assessed over the entire deleted constituent, but instead is assessed head-by-head for each head stranded in the ellipsis site. This allows syntactic differences associated with material that has moved out of the ellipsis site to not affect the calculation of syntactic identity. The second argument is that the bestiary of possible mismatches under sluicing can be given a uniform syntactic characterization: all and only material originating outside of the verbal complex can be mismatched under sluicing. The restriction of identity conditions to the verbal complex is implementable in many (but not all) approaches to ellipsis identity; I provide a concrete application of it to the proposed head-based syntactic identity condition.
On Certain Adjacency Effects in Ellipsis Contexts
Authors: An Duk-Ho
Published: July 2018

In this article, I show that crosslinguistically, there is a recurring pattern in various ellipsis constructions (e.g., fragment answers, right-dislocation, right-node raising, VP-ellipsis), to the effect that parts of a remnant can be additionally deleted under adjacency to a deletion site, often ignoring constituency. I argue that the phenomenon in question follows from the fact that PF deletion, being an operation in the component determining linear order, targets linearized strings, similarly to the fact that movement, being an operation in the component determining hierarchical relations, targets constituents.
Raising to Ergative: Remarks on Applicatives of Unaccusatives
Authors: Deal Amy Rose
Published: July 2018

Applicatives of unaccusatives provide a crucial test case for the inherent-case view of ergativity. If ergative is assigned only to external arguments, in their θ-positions, there can be no “raising to ergative” in applicative unaccusatives; an internal argument subject can never receive ergative case. In this article, I present evidence from Nez Perce (Sahaptian) that this prediction is false. In Nez Perce applicative unaccusatives, the theme argument raises over the applicative argument and is accordingly marked with ergative case. Nez Perce thus demonstrates raising to ergative. Departing from Baker’s (2014) conclusions for similar phenomena in Shipibo (Panoan), I argue that apparently nonlocal movement of the theme in the raising-to-ergative pattern involves not a covert adpositional structure, but rather a response to independently motivated constraints on antilocal movement and remnant movement.
Meaning and Prosody of Wh-Indeterminates in Korean
Authors: Yun Jiwon
Published: July 2018

This article presents an experiment investigating the relative contribution of two different prosodic properties to the interpretation and scope configuration of wh-indeterminates in Korean. The experiment shows that it is prosodic phrasing after the wh-indeterminate that determines whether it is interpreted as interrogative or indefinite. Prosodic prominence on the wh-indeterminate does not contribute to such a distinction; rather, it increases the possibility of a wide scope reading. The results support the theory that prosodic phrasing is crucial in forming wh-questions, and call for consideration of the influence of prosody on scope-taking properties of wh-indefinites.
Detection of Cryptic taxa in the genus Leptophryne (Fitzinger, 1843) (Amphibia; Bufonidae) and the description of a new species from Java, Indonesia
Authors: HAMIDY AMIR , MUNIR MISBAHUL , MUMPUNI MUMPUNI , RAHMANIA MILA , KHOLIK AZIS ABDUL
Published: July 2018

We investigated phylogenetic relationships among populations of two species within the genus Leptophryne, L. cruentata and L. borbonica, using the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene. As a result, we identified two distinct lineages within populations currently considered Leptophryne cruentata: 1) a lineage containing L. cruentata from the type locality, and 2) a lineage from Mt. Slamet and Mt. Ciremai. On the basis of genetic and morphological differences, we describe the Mt. Slamet and Mt. Ciremai populations as a new species, L. javanica sp. nov. The new species is distinguished from L. cruentata and L. borbonica by the following combination of morphological characters: the presence of distinct yellow mottling on the dorsum; relatively small body size (SVL male 22.2–24.0 mm, female 29.6 mm); relatively short hindlimbs (HLL 37.0–40.9 mm); relatively short fourth toe (4ToeL 4.3–6.0 mm); basal webbing on the hands, but well developed on toes; very protruding snout and an indistinct tympanum. In our preliminary phylogenetic analysis, we also detected four distinct lineages within Leptophryne borbonica: 1) a lineage containing true L. borbonica from west Java, 2) a lineage from Lampung (Sumatra I), 3) a lineage from northern Borneo, and 4) a lineage from Bengkulu (Sumatra II). Further studies are needed to determine taxonomic status of these lineages.
Evaluation of Model-Based Soil Moisture Drought Monitoring over Three Key Regions in China
Authors: Li Yiping , Li Yaohui , Yuan Xing , Zhang Liang , Sha Sha
Published: July 2018

Land surface models (LSMs) have been widely used to provide objective monitoring of soil moisture during drought, but large uncertainties exist because of the different parameterizations in LSMs. This study aims to evaluate the ability to monitor soil moisture drought over three key regions in China by using the Noah LSM from the Global Land Data Assimilation System, version 2 (GLDASv2), and the Community Atmosphere Biosphere Land Exchange (CABLE) model that is currently used at the China Meteorological Administration. The modeled soil moisture drought indices were verified against the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), which served as a reference drought indicator over northern China (NC), northwestern China (NWC), and southwestern China (SWC) from 1961 to 2010. The results show that the precipitation forcing data that drive both LSMs have high accuracy when compared with local observational data. GLDASv2/Noah outperforms CABLE in capturing soil moisture anomalies and variability, especially in SWC, but both show good correlations with the 3-month SPEI (SPEI3) in NC, NWC, and SWC. The autumn drought of 2002 and spring drought of 2010 were selected for the comparison of the modeled drought categories with the SPEI3 drought category, where GLDASv2/Noah performed slightly better than CABLE. This work demonstrates that the choice of LSM is crucial for monitoring soil moisture drought and that the GLDASv2/Noah LSM can be a good candidate for the development of a new operational drought-monitoring system in China.
Studying Populism in Comparative Perspective: Reflections on the Contemporary and Future Research Agenda
Authors: Mudde Cas , Rovira Kaltwasser Cristóbal
Published: July 2018

Academics are increasingly using the concept of populism to make sense of current events such as the Brexit referendum and the Trump presidency. This is certainly a welcome development, but two shortcomings can be observed in the contemporary debate. On one hand, new populism scholars often start from scratch and do not build upon the existing research. On the other hand, those who have been doing comparative research on populism stay in their comfort zone and thus do not try to link their work to other academic fields. In this article, we address these two shortcomings by discussing some of the advantages of the so-called ideational approach to the comparative study of populism and by pointing out four avenues of future research, which are closely related to some of the contributions of this special issue, namely, (a) economic anxiety, (b) cultural backlash, (c) the tension between responsiveness and responsibility, and (d) (negative) partisanship and polarization.
Recidivism and Reentry: The Role of Individual Coping Styles
Authors: LaCourse Ashleigh , Listwan Shelley Johnson , Reid Shannon , Hartman Jennifer L.
Published: July 2018

The high rate of recidivism among those reentering the community post incarceration can be partially attributed to various barriers to reentry, including unemployment, financial difficulties, and mental illness. Learning to cope with these barriers is demanding and stressful for many people. The current article examines whether individual coping styles could act as a significant predictor of recidivism. Utilizing a cross-sectional data set collected from previously incarcerated individuals, this study examines the relationship between individual coping styles and arrest or reincarceration. Results from this study indicate a relationship between coping and arrest. Implications from this study are noteworthy given that our understanding of coping can increase the ability of the correctional staff to reduce later recidivism in the community.
Rethinking Ghana’s Decentralization: Citizens’ Views on the Question of Electing or Appointing a District Political Head
Authors: Agomor Kingsley S , Adams Samuel , Taabazuing Joe
Published: July 2018

Decentralization, as a policy option, has been on Ghana’s political agenda since independence. At the heart of Ghana’s current decentralization are the Metropolitan, Municipal and District Chief Executives (MMDCEs) who serve as the principal representatives of the President at the local level. This study explores the preferred institutional arrangements for selecting MMDCEs that will make Ghana’s decentralization process more effective and responsive to local needs. The study is designed as a representative nationwide sample survey in which 2104 randomly-selected adults of voting age were the subjects. The quantitative data was complemented with 20 elite interviews. The majority of respondents (74%) asserted that MMDCEs should be popularly elected as opposed to the current arrangement where MMDCEs are appointed by the President. Interestingly, the majority of the respondents do not want the election to be on a partisan basis.
Effect of applied sustained load and severe environments on durability performance of carbon-fiber composite cables
Authors: Ali Ahmed H , Mohamed Hamdy M , Benmokrane Brahim , ElSafty Adel
Published: July 2018

The research work reported in this paper involves investigation of the mechanical and durability performance of unstressed and stressed Tokyo Rope carbon-fiber composite cables for prestressing applications. This research is critical in order to establish the critical (allowable) stress and safety factors for the use of carbon-fiber composite cable tendons for prestressed precast-concrete members. The carbon-fiber composite cable specimens were exposed to simultaneous high alkali environment and sustained loading at different elevated exposure temperatures (22℃ and 60℃) for 3000, 5000, and 7000 h. The high alkali environment (12.8 pH) simulated the concrete pore solution and the elevated temperature was used to accelerate the aging process. The applied sustained stress on the carbon-fiber composite cable strands was equivalent to 40% and 65% of their guaranteed tensile strength. This was achieved through testing 171 carbon-fiber composite cable specimens subjected to stress levels of 0%, 40%, and 65% of their guaranteed strength, under tensile load. Also, 136 carbon-fiber composite cable specimens were tested to investigate the transverse shear strength. In addition, the durability characteristics of the constituent materials of the carbon-fiber composite cable strands were assessed to understand the long-term behavior of these materials. The results showed the effect of sustained stress on the degradation of carbon-fiber composite cable strands. Under sustained stress of 40% and 65%, the reductions in tensile strength were 10.6% and 12.3%, respectively. Scanning electron microscope results on epoxy resin indicated that no degradation is detected since the surface remains smooth without any pitting or loose material.
Physical Education at Dover, Delaware
Authors: Hunter Grace O. , Hilsee Marian B.
Published: July 2018

Well-rounded bodily development for all the pupils, in place of specialized athletics for the few, is one of the newer aims of education. The present article on the Dover physical program contains many apt suggestions along this line.
Quit Knocking the One-Teacher School
Authors: Guhin M. M.
Published: July 2018

Believing that the one-teacher school must continue for some years to be the backbone of rural education, the writer urges that the advantages of this type of school be recognized and developed to the utmost. Consolidation in many sections has been halted by the lack of funds. “Why not utilize the tool at hand?” Mr. Guhin asks.
A High School Physical Program
Authors: Hicks R. S.
Published: July 2018

Not only bodily development and health instruction, but the cultivation of play habits, are included in the objectives of the physical department of Natrona County High School, in Casper, Wyoming.
Musical Set-Up in Mitchell, S. D.
Authors: Preston Valentine
Published: July 2018

The following article describes a well-rounded curriculum of musical instruction offered to pupils in a community of ten thousand. Appreciation as well as performance is emphasized.
Visual Aids to Instruction
Authors: Gabriel P.
Published: July 2018

The rapidly growing use of pictures in the schools is a significant phase of modern improvement. Film libraries are increasing in number. Television in the classroom may be just around the corner.
Discovering Pupil Interest
Authors: Eginton Daniel P.
Published: July 2018

Real and worthwhile interests are to be sought rather than trivial or artificial ones………But how?
The Remembered Classroom Teacher
Authors: Smith Frank Webster
Published: July 2018

That article on “The Forgotten Classroom Teacher” draws yet another rejoinder.
Let's Analyze School Costs
Authors: Emery James Newell
Published: July 2018

Our schools have grown into a complicated system of activities. But simplification is not easy.
Leisure Presents a Challenge
Authors: Rogers James Edward
Published: July 2018

Education for play assumes greater importance with each decrease in the hours of toil.
Where Do We Go from Integration?
Authors: Dickey John W. , Singer Wildy V.
Published: July 2018

“Interpenetration” and “Identification” are the recommended next stops on the terminology highway
A Foreglimpse of the Program
Authors: Stoddard A. J.
Published: July 2018

Many Timely Issues Will Be Considered by the Nation's School Administrators at St. Louis
The Public Schools of St. Louis
Authors: Gerling Henry J.
Published: July 2018

Visitors Wishing to Inspect St. Louis's Educational Offerings Will Find This Article a Convenient Guide
The Keynote of Successful Schools
Authors: McPherson W. B.
Published: July 2018

Only where administrators and teachers work in harmony can best results follow for the boys and girls
Who Started Arbor Day?
Authors: Lyon George W.
Published: July 2018

The author traces the history of the tree-planting festival from its origin 64 years ago in Nebraska
Teacher Makes a Home Run
Authors: Dalthorp Charles J.
Published: July 2018

Illustrating the fact that it sometimes pays to give teachers a free hand and a challenge.
Sales Psychology for Teachers
Authors: Day L. C.
Published: July 2018

The good teacher firmly believes in what he teaches, and should be able to make it interesting.
Again-the Homework Problem
Authors: Penhale Randall R.
Published: July 2018

The issue should be squarely faced and a solution reached. A thoughtful plan is here outlined.
Correlating the Curriculum
Authors: Green Ward H.
Published: July 2018

An Appraisal of “A Correlated Curriculum” * , a report of the National Council of Teachers of English.
Whipsnapper Talks to Superintendents
Authors: Culp V. H.
Published: July 2018

“Modern educators and school boards take themselves too seriously. A sense of humor is an invaluable ballast.”
What Speech Activities?
Authors: Gruhn William T.
Published: July 2018

A Survey disclosed that many Junior High Schools lack any well organized speech program.
Put the “First R” First
Authors: Aldrich Anita
Published: July 2018

Inability to read is the cause of many failures both in school and later. But –reading CAN be taught.
Integrated Personality Our Goal
Authors: Rayne Eleanor W.
Published: July 2018

Revised curricula and a broad program of social activities are remaking this high school.
We Put Character First
Authors: Patterson Geneva T.
Published: July 2018

This teacher of a sixth grade describes an informal method of developing character from every-day experiences
Close-ups of Good Teaching
Authors: Clem Orlie M.
Published: July 2018

In this article the author takes you on a little journey to four Great Classrooms. Other such journeys will occur next month and later.
Regimented Teaching
Authors: Rich Frank M.
Published: July 2018

“The stickler for high standards is a public benefactor; but the stickler for uniformity is……”
The Romance of Teaching
Authors: Chrisman Lewis H.
Published: July 2018

“It behooves us to remember that teaching is ‘painting a picture, not doing a sum.’”
A Camera Club for the Small High School
Authors: Griffin Stephen A.
Published: July 2018

Here is a school activity which carries through into the real life of the student
The Present Status of Phonics
Authors: Lawson Douglas E.
Published: July 2018

Teaching children to read by the word method has not been wholly successful. Phonics, too, ore useful.
More Aid from Visual Aids
Authors: White Ralph R.
Published: July 2018

A survey of visual education in Maine led the writer to conclusions that should have wider application.
Specific vs. General Language
Authors: McGalliard John C. , White Dorrance S. , Lyte Herbert O. , Joliat Eugene , Foerster Norman
Published: July 2018

An answer to the proposal to substitute General Language for Specific Language instruction in the public high school.
The Trail of Reading Methods
Authors: Gritzner Florence A.
Published: July 2018

From the Horn Book to today's many studies of reading, teaching this art has been a worry.
Put Children's Patriotism to Work
Authors: Barber L. L.
Published: July 2018

Organize them to find useful outlets for the emotional tensions caused by war talk.
Third Grade Gives a Poetry Program
Authors: Andersen Holger W. , Andersen Inez Elliott
Published: July 2018

—with resulting pleasure to themselves and their first grade audiences, plus some lasting benefits.
A Plea for Strings
Authors: Holmes Markwood
Published: July 2018

Some experts believe that the weakest part of the school music program is stringed instrument instruction. Several organizations that deal with music teachers are working toward the correction of this situation. Mr. Holmes’ article aims at getting the case before other school people.
The Open Area School: Facilitator for or Obstacle to Instructional Objectives
Authors: Carson R. B. , Johnson F. T. , Oliva F. D.
Published: July 2018

Authorities have suggested that the open plan school may be the first widely-adopted innovation in education not subjected to much apparent evaluation. This study was conducted to provide base-line information. The instructional priorities and impediments in open area physical plants were contrasted with those in quasi-open area and traditional schools. A questionnaire was administered to 212 teachers from 14 elementary schools in the Calgary Public School System. The 14 schools included five schools of open area design, four quasi-open area, and five traditional schools. Rank orderings and “T” tests were performed comparing each school type with its counterpart on all items related to instructional objectives and impediments. Results are indicated.
Free-Choice, Final Performance and Attitudes toward Different Types of Programmed Instruction
Authors: Scherman Avraham , Scherman Marion
Published: July 2018

One-hundred thirty-six students enrolled in four classes of a counseling theories course served as the experimental subjects. In three classes students were randomly assigned to one of three modes of instruction: prose-text, linear programmed instruction, and branching programmed instruction. Subjects from the fourth class were given free choice to select the mode of instruction preferred.

It was found that the free-choice group performed better than the linear and branching programmed instruction groups, although not significantly better than the prose-text group. In response to a questionnaire, males stated that when compared to traditional lecture-type courses, the programmed instruction approach helped them concentrate and resulted in a more efficient use of their time. Females did not think that the use of programmed instruction offered an interesting and stimulating approach.
Role Theory and Teacher Education
Authors: Beezer Bruce G.
Published: July 2018

Possible relationships between groups of teachers and their role performances are investigated. Teachers are grouped on the basis of their pupils’ socio-economic status, teacher's age, length of teaching experience, and teacher's ethnic or racial membership. These variables are studied within the conceptual framework of social role theory. The study involves a review of literature pertinent to role theory and teacher behavior. A theoretical social role model is developed to aid in investigating actual teacher behavior while performing the role of a teacher. The concept of social role is employed because it tends to integrate three major dimensions of human social behavior: the expectational, the situational, and the personal. Field application of this study involved sixty female intermediate grade teachers. These teachers were selected from twelve schools located in one of the largest urban school districts in southern Arizona.
A New Teacher Again—After Ten Years
Authors: Grace Alyce
Published: July 2018

The author hypothesizes that modification of her behavior as a teacher will result in change of the behaviors, attitudes, and achievements of her pupils and that meeting the emotional needs of the children would result in their greater academic success. Guidelines were chosen from Indicators of Quality, an instrument for measuring classroom effectiveness, developed by the Institute of Administrative Research, Teachers College, Columbia University. Indicators presents forty criteria of quality teaching, including such items as knowledge of pupils, time for thinking, physical arrangement, patience, and pupil problems. The criteria are concerned with students’ emotional and physical well being as well as academic progress. One- or two-paragraph pupil descriptions, called vignettes, were written at the beginning and end of the eight-week study. Comparison of the pre- and post-vignettes showed that of the twenty-five children, nineteen improved notably in behavior, attitude, and/or academic achievement, and six showed little or no improvement; none regressed. In addition, the teacher had gained a greater sensitivity to and understanding of the children. The Slosson Reading Inventory was used at the beginning and end of the period. The mean gain in the eight-week period was 5.6 months, the greatest gain 2.5 years, and the smallest gain one month.
Public Education and the University1
Authors: Blatt Burton
Published: July 2018

This paper summarizes briefly the historical and tenuous relationship between the public schools and the university. It presents several assumptions concerning what teacher education is and what it might become. Its central conclusion is that teacher preparation should be, foremost, concerned with the development and reinforcement of one's humanistic concerns; secondly, because the process of teaching requires a kind of pedagogical artistry that may be stifled by the drudgery of thoughtless or boring experiences, teachers should be given opportunities to explore and evaluate the basic pedagogical premises, theories, methodologies, and techniques that the literature and clinical experiences make available. That is, for example, curriculum should be studied from an historical rather than a prescriptive perspective. Lastly, basic to this preparation should be deep and continuous clinical involvement which permits the teacher to develop skills as an observer and interpreter of human behavior.
Why Compensatory Schooling Seems to Make “No Difference”
Authors: Conklin Kenneth R.
Published: July 2018

Several major studies seem to show that schooling cannot be a means for achieving social equality. Indeed, schooling seems to magnify initial inequalities. Compensatory schooling apparently fails to help disadvantaged or black children improve their standing on measures of academic achievement and post-school success in relation to the standing of middle class or white children. Some commentators conclude that there must be genetic factors involved: perhaps a gene for intelligence is linked with the gene for race in a manner similar to the linkage between color blindness and sex. But such conclusions are not necessary. The data on the “failure” of compensatory schooling can be accepted as true without concluding that intelligence is affected by race or that compensatory schooling should be abandoned. Linguistic and cultural characteristics deeply influence the manner in which young children perceive the world and learn to think, feel, and behave. These linguistic and cultural characteristics happen to be very different among various racial and social groups. Children who acquire nonstandard ways of perceiving, thinking, feeling, and behaving early in life will never operate as effectively in the “standard” ways as children who grow up with the “standard” folkways. To achieve complete social equality of opportunity for all biologically and socially identifiable groups, we would have to adopt Plato's suggestion for very-early-childhood education: to take all infants from their parents and rear them under equal conditions in state-operated nurseries. Otherwise, we must think of compensatory education as analogous to foreign language instruction: it is meant to help people of one group who choose to do so learn how to “succeed” as well as possible according to the standards of a different group. Compensatory education would be important for the dominant group as well as for minorities.
A Piagetian Perspective on Thinking and Language
Authors: Youniss James
Published: July 2018

In applying Piaget's theory of intellectual development, educators have to revise several common assumptions. Three ideas seem especially important: Knowledge must be seen as self constructed; development should be viewed as a self-regulated process; and sensation and action should be accepted as forms of knowing rather than incomplete bits which wait for language for their completion. Studies of deaf children, without a socialized symbol system during their early years, indicate the autonomy of intellectual development. While most teachers agree that schooling should challenge thinking, they fall back on language instruction in classroom situations. Piaget's theory provides a new definition of thinking in which the child can be trusted to develop with language given a legitimate but not dominant role.
Dwelling in Expression
Authors: Kestenbaum Victor
Published: July 2018

Expression in its various forms is a central concern of humanistic education. Expressive acts are particularly valued by humanistic educators because of their revelatory significance, i.e., their capacity to convey both a state of being as well as a content. This distinction between expression as revelatory and substantive receives attention in Justus Buchler's Nature and Judgment. Buchler concludes that whether an expression has revelatory or substantive significance depends upon the context and situation. Humanistic educators tend to neglect this situational character of expression and dwell on the revelatory aspects of expressive acts. Respect for the phenomenology of expression suggests that meaning comes to expressed being most freely when expression is dwelled in, not on. To dwell in expression does not exclude “being among” others in favor of “being with” others, i.e., expression exists and is fulfilled in forms of sociality other than just I-Thou relationships. Dwelling in expression evinces a faith that meaning is possible, meaning that answers the solicitations of the situation.
The Humanization of Schooling
Authors: Benne Kenneth D.
Published: July 2018

The author identifies and analyzes four crucial points of entry into established practices of schooling and supporting rationales for those who would be change agents in humanizing schooling: 1. The value assumption concerning the human self that undergirds traditional American culture and schooling is that of a reactive, plastic, and environmentally determined object. This assumption runs counter to images of a proactive self that incorporate the fact and feeling of potency to act freely and responsibly in congenially shaping its world as a central aspect of being human. 2. The intellectualist ideology, prevalent throughout academia, excludes as inappropriate the expression and cultivation of feeling, emotion, aspiration, and volition in programs and processes of schooling. The desirably human integration of cognition, feeling, aspiration, and volition thus fails of support there. 3. An elevation of expert authority has colluded with bureaucratic organization of roles and relationships in schools to fragment, amoralize, technicalize, and depersonalize educative processes. 4. The traditional view of education as the transmission of a cultural heritage to the young and the alienated must yield to a conception of education as personal and cultural renewal, in and through community, if schooling is to be humanized.
Teacher Education: A Future of Declining Need: Toward a Redefinition of the Teaching Market
Authors: Weaver W. Timothy
Published: July 2018

The supply of teachers is chronically out of phase with demand. The nation's colleges of teacher education were over supplying the market by a wide margin as recently as 1972, when an estimated 253,201 new teachers sought 142,180 jobs. Furthermore, the teachers’ colleges were still increasing production in those areas which had for several years been oversupplied (for example, social studies). This problem represents an enormous waste of national educational resources and one of the nation's poorest examples of educational planning. Suggested new policies include redirection of colleges of teacher education away from production of school teachers and administrators and toward educational specialists for government, industrial, health care, and welfare institutions. Such direction calls for a reconceptualization of the curriculum for preparing educators.

Suggested is a new curricular sequence for teacher education which begins with general training in the teaching-learning process including such areas as program planning, evaluation, instructional theory, and ends with specialization in institutional application, i.e., training that emphasizes the peculiar needs of prisons, hospitals, business and industry, government, churches, community development, and schools including special fields of school teaching — early childhood, elementary, and secondary.
Transpersonal Education: A Preview
Authors: Moore Thomas W.
Published: July 2018

The movement toward Humanistic Education has been trying to replace a previously exclusive attention to things and information with a renewed concern for the human person. Now there is another movement aimed at pushing concerns for the person to their limit, and beyond. This is transpersonal education. The transpersonal educator tries to excite the Child in us, to bring to birth new selves, new possibilities of experience. Through transpersonal education a person becomes aware of the feelings, fantasies and experiences which are our common heritage as human beings and begins to sense the interrelatedness of all things.

The transpersonal approach emphasizes body awareness and sensitivity, the need for teachers to transcend their own ego needs, the appropriateness of myth and symbol as conveyors of intuitive knowledge, a serious approach to the arts, and an attitude toward sciences and object-study which values wonder and increased sensibility. In transpersonal learning one discovers nature's intrapsychic dimensions and the close relationship between self and world. The concerns of transpersonal education are in a sense spiritual, but they are not religious in a sectarian manner. The goal is to guide the individual in his or her exploration of the many realms of experience which transcend ego.
Evaluation of the Clinical Professorship within a University TEC Model
Authors: Wilen William W. , Hawthorne Richard D.
Published: July 2018

Three years ago Kent State began making the transition from a traditional student teaching program to the Teacher Education Center approach. The major purpose was to bring together school and university people in a parity relationship to jointly plan, implement and evaluate the field-based components of professional training programs. As Kent State moved into the center approach, the responsibilities of student teaching supervisors began to change significantly. This prompted a redefinition of the role and title change to clinical professor.

Last year the analysis of the data received from a comprehensive formative evaluation effort of our TEC program was completed. A major component of the assessment was the in-depth examination of the clinical professorship as perceived by TEC administrators, cooperating teachers, associate teachers and clinical professors. The data, analyses, and implications are reported in this manuscript. A major overall implication of the findings is that the clinical professor is the critical linkage between school and university in teacher preparation.