bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on energy saving algorithm of field animal monitoring based on cluster sensor network1
Authors: Luo Huiyin , Jiang Feng , Lin Hongyu , Yao Jian , Liu Jiaxin , Jiang Yu , Ren Jia
Published: March 2022

Monitoring the diversity of wild animals is a core part of the research and protection of wild animals. Due to the harsh outdoor environment, researchers cannot squat in the deep forest for a long time. Therefore, designing a sensor network system for wildlife monitoring is of great value to wildlife research, protection, and management. When deploying a wildlife monitoring network in the wild environment, it is necessary to solve the problem of the effective use of energy. To this end, this paper proposes an energy-saving optimization method for node scheduling and a wake-up scheme based on a cultural genetic algorithm. This method achieves the purpose of energy saving by making redundant nodes fall asleep and waking up sleep nodes to repair the coverage blind area caused by dead nodes. Simulation results show that this method can activate fewer sensor nodes to monitor the required sensing area, and its performance is better than other known solutions.
Short-term effect of inspiratory muscle training on pulmonary function after mitral valve replacement: Quasi-experimental study
Authors: Hassan Ali Mohammed , Mohammed Kamel Sarah Medhat , Abdelhamid Ahmed Samir , Aboelnasr Emad , Alaparthi Gopala Krishna , Bairapareddy Kalyana Chakravarthy , Hegazy Fatma Abdelfattah
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: After cardiac surgery, various pulmonary complications develop which require specific care. These complications affect pulmonary functions and can lengthen the hospital stay of patients, causing increased hospital costs and becoming an important cause of morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the short-term effect of inspiratory muscle training on pulmonary function after mitral valve replacement. METHODS: A sample of Thirty five patients (35.5±3.29 years) who underwent mitral valve replacement. Spirometric parameters were measured before and after intervention including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC). All participants had received postoperative Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) from the first day in the inpatient unit after discharge from intensive care unit till hospital discharge. Paired t-test was used to investigate differences between means of pulmonary function measures (P < 0.05). Effect size was calculated and post hoc power analysis was performed. RESULTS: After one week of postoperative IMT there was a statistically significant improvement in the studied spirometric parameters (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC) (p = 0.01). All studied spirometric parameters showed very large effect size (d >0.8). The post hoc power analysis revealed that the study power was more than 90%. CONCLUSION: One week of post-operative IMT may have a beneficial short-term effect in improving pulmonary functions after mitral valve replacement.
Pain fear levels and affecting factors of health students in the university
Authors: Yılmaz Evre , Balcı Hatice , Başer Gülfidan , Özkalp Birol
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Fear of pain, which is defined as verbal, physiological, and behavioral responses against potentially painful situations, refers to extreme fear of pain, painful sensation, and anything that may cause this sensation. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the pain fear levels of students and factors affecting fear of pain. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 544 students. To measure the students’ pain fear levels, a 12-item questionnaire, developed by the researchers, and 30-item Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III (FPQ-III) was used. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software. RESULTS: Students the severity of pain subscale, 31.9±8.9; mild pain subscale, 23.8±7.5; medical pain subscale, 27.5±9.0; and average total FPQ score, 83.1±22.0 was foud as. Of the students participating in the study, 80% reported that they had previously experienced pain. Of those who experienced pain, 32.9% reported dysmenorrhea, 18.2% reported headache, and 16.6% reported posttraumatic pain. Moreover, 61.0% of the students attempted to relieve their pain by their own means (medicine, herbal medicine, hot–cold application, etc.), while 70.6% stated that they do not frequently use painkillers. CONCLUSION: It is recommended to develop multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches in the management of fear of pain, which has biological, psychological, social, cultural, economic aspects.
Musculoskeletal disorders among sonographers in secondary care hospitals in the city of Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlMubarek Norah Abdullah , Al-Otaibi Sultan T. , Herzallah Hatem K.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among sonographers have raised significant concerns in recent years. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of WMSDs and identify risk factors for WMSDs among sonographers. To date, there is little research on WMSDs among sonographers in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to contribute to the Saudi literature by filling this gap. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among sonographers (n = 98) working in four major governmental hospitals in the city of Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. The participants completed a validated, self-administered questionnaire that focused on the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms among sonographers. RESULTS: The mean age of the respondents was 35.5±9 years. The majority of the participants were female (71.4%), non-Saudi (51%), and working as technicians (49%). The prevalence rates of shoulder and neck disorders among the participants were 65.3% and 57.1%, respectively. Gender (female), job title (sonography technicians), and years of experience (seasoned sonographers) were identified as risk factors for WMSDs. CONCLUSIONS: Among the studied sonographers, WMSDs were a significant, common problem. Being female, being a sonography technician, and being a seasoned sonographer were identified as risk factors for these disorders. Preventive measures should be implemented to reduce the risk of WMSDs in this occupational setting.
Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical and rehabilitation sciences university students in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sarsak Hassan Izzeddin
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with increased stressful impact among different populations that are at an increased risk of mental health problems, such as university students. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical and rehabilitation sciences university students, explore the factors affecting them, and provide helpful recommendations for better mental health. METHODS: An online survey was conducted with a sample of medical and rehabilitation sciences students. The anxiety visual analogue scale, the perceived stress scale (PSS), and the impact of events scale-revised (IES-R) were applied. RESULTS: A total of 244 students completed the survey (60.7% were female). The mean scores of total anxiety, PSS and IES-R were significantly higher in females than males. 34.5% and 29.4% of the students reported that their sleep and appetite were respectively disturbed during the pandemic. Students with adequate knowledge about the COVID-19 pandemic reported a significant decrease in anxiety level (p = 0.01), perceived stress (p = 0.00), and less negative impacts of the pandemic (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study shed light on factors that play a major role in anxiety, perceived stress and stressful impact of COVID-19 pandemic among medical and health sciences students, such as gender, knowledge, educational level, presence of chronic condition, and family financial status. Developing proper mental health management guidelines and providing psychological support are recommended and should be considered.
Miners’ experiences and perceptions of environmental and safety regulations: Statistical evidence from Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Emetumah Faisal C. , Okoye Chinedu O.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Concerns have been raised about compliance with environmental and safety regulations during mining activities. OBJECTIVE: The study assessed miners’ experiences and perceptions of environmental and safety regulations, in addition to comparing their experiences and regulatory perceptions. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey design was adopted for data collection from field miners in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. RESULTS: Findings show that miners still experience environmental pollution and serious injuries during mining activities, notwithstanding regulatory visits. Miners’ perceptions of environmental regulatory requirements and their perceptions of safety regulatory requirements had more non-significant correlations, while miners’ environmental and safety experiences had significant relationships with their perceptions of environmental and safety regulatory requirements. Nonetheless, environmental and safety regulations were perceived in different ways by miners based on important regulatory requirements. CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates the importance of using a practical approach in managing environmental and safety issues during mining activities in a developing country like Nigeria.
The psychological mechanism linking life satisfaction and turnover intention among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rafiq Muhammad , Shahzad Fakhar , Farrukh Muhammad , Khan Imran
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 challenged and brought turmoil to the healthcare workers’ mental and psychological well-being. Specifically, they are feeling tremendous pressure and many of them worry about their work conditions and even intent to leave them. In this situation, it is of utmost for them to satisfied their lives during the challenging situation. OBJECTIVE: This paper explores the relationship of life satisfaction with healthcare workers' turnover intention during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was hypothesized that this relationship would be mediated by trust climate, and this mediation association would be stronger when workers experience job embeddedness in the workplace. METHODS: Survey data were collected from the 520 healthcare workers. A moderated mediation examination was employed to test the hypotheses. RESULTS: Results revealed that life satisfaction is positively related to a trusting climate that, in turn, is negatively related to workers’ turnover intention. Moreover, the association between life satisfaction and turnover intention was moderated by job embeddedness. CONCLUSIONS: Focusing on improving healthcare workers’ job embeddedness and increasing their trust climate might enhance life satisfaction and reduce turnover intention. The implications of the findings are also discussed for research and practice.
Transition to the forced telework – a challenge for trade unions identified by the study on working life with COVID-19 in Latvia
Authors: Matisāne Linda , Paegle Linda , Vanadziņš Ivars , Rozentāle Sarmīte , Grīntāle Ieva , Mietule Iveta , Lonska Jeļena , Litavniece Lienīte , Arbidāne Iluta
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: In general, companies with trade unions perform better in occupational health and safety, therefore, we assume that these companies should have performed better in transition to healthy and safe telework if compared with other companies. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to assess the role of company trade unions on the implementation of telework arrangements in Latvia during the 1st emergency state in spring 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A web-based survey based on snowball sampling method and social media advertisements was used to gather information from teleworkers. After data cleaning, answers from 422 teleworkers reporting having (wTU) or not having trade unions (nTU) in their companies were included in the analysis. RESULTS: There was a significantly higher percentage of workers with teleworking experience in companies with no trade unions (37.4% nTU versus 18.1% wTU). More respondents from companies with trade unions reported buying a new computer and headphones which means that more persons had to invest their finances to be able to perform their work. Workers from companies with no trade unions were more often advised on home office ergonomics (21.2% wTU versus 28.1% nTU). The odds of all analyzed health problems (pain, sore eyes, and anxiety) were increased in workers who reported having trade unions. CONCLUSION: Companies with trade unions were less ready for the forced transition to teleworking. These results contradict the traditional understanding of trade unions as a promoting factor for a healthy and safe working environment.
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers’ psychological and mental health: The moderating role of felt obligation
Authors: Sarfraz Muddassar , Hafeez Hira , Abdullah Muhammad Ibrahim , Ivascu Larisa , Ozturk Ilknur
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: The ravages of COVID-19 have created a worldwide emergency in healthcare units. Under these circumstances, the perception of an infection threat is primarily affecting the employees’ performance in reducing contagion effects. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to develop substantial measures of support for healthcare employees to maintain adequacy in job performance. METHODS: Data were collected from state-owned hospitals in Pakistan to test the current study’s proposed model. We applied structural equation modeling through a partial least square regression in addition to the blindfolding approach in Smart-PLS. Confirmatory factor analysis was also employed to measure the study’s validity. RESULTS: The current study’s findings show that the perception of a threat from COVID-19 and the inadequate protective measures have influenced frontline healthcare workers’ performance levels. The mediating path of depression symptoms indicated the threat of COVID-19 and the absence of protective measures as potential determinants of poor performance. However, an employee’s ability to feel obligated toward their job duties reduces the effect of depression on employee performance. CONCLUSION: The current model highlights an individual’s feelings of obligation to maintain their performance level by minimizing the effect of depression and professional anxiety. The present study extensively described the psychological constraints healthcare workers are facing during the current pandemic. Current research addressing healthcare employees’ mental health is vital for better prevention and control during pandemic circumstances. The current study’s findings extend the emerging understanding of employee psychology in such circumstances.
Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) as a Possible Prognostic Marker of Latent Tuberculosis (LTBI) among Household Contacts of Active Tuberculosis (TB) PatientsTuberculosis (TB) is endemic in many developing countries including Pakistan. It is a leading cau
Authors: Khurshid Rukhshan , Sijjeel Farwa , Asim Samar , Mahmood Maira , Ashraf Huma , Rashid Shazia , Khan Muhammad Yousaf , Abbas Safdar , Nawaz Basharat , Naeem Mashal , Malik Noor Ul Ain
Published: March 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is endemic in many developing countries including Pakistan. It is a leading cause of death from a single infectious agent worldwide. Identification and early treatment of latent conditions help reduce the complications associated with TB. However, the identification of individuals with latent infection is a time taking and expensive process. According to previous studies, a promising and cheap biomarker of TB may be the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR). It may indicate a body’s immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Since household contacts of tuberculosis (TB) patients have an increased risk of latent tuberculosis (LTBI), using the established diagnostic procedures as well as checking their MLR might help determine if they contracted LTBI or not. We conducted across-sectional study to determine if MLR could be used to identify LTBI among household contacts of patients with active tuberculosis. Out of the 100 subjects selected for this study, about 40 patients were recently diagnosed with active tuberculosis, 40 were close contacts of these patients, while20 were chosen to be controls. The mean was 0.165, 0.06 (range 0.03–0.08), and 0.04 (0.02–0.04) inpatients with active tuberculosis, close contacts of patients, and control subjects, respectively. Hence, it was determined that MLR (> 0.6 %)is a significant predictor for LTBIand can be used to diagnose it in close contacts of TB patients. It was additionally observed that patients over the age of 50 with pulmonary tuberculosis have higher MLR.
Das Weltsystem der Impfstoffnutzung
Authors: Köncke Philipp , Schmalz Stefan
Published: March 2022

Der Beitrag analysiert räumliche Hierarchien und geopolitische Konfliktdynamiken bei der Bekämpfung der COVID-19-Pandemie aus der Perspektive des Weltsystemansatzes. Datensätze zeigen, dass sich das Modell aus Zentrum, Semiperipherie und Peripherie bei der Impfstoffverteilung und -produktion reproduziert. Die asymmetrische Verteilung von Ressourcen zur Bekämpfung der COVID-19-Krise übersetzt sich in hierarchisch strukturierte Impfstoffwelten, die sich zu Schauplätzen geopolitischer Konflikte um Impfstoffproduktion und -distribution entwickelt haben, auf denen insbesondere amerikanische, europäische und chinesische Herstellerfirmen um Einflusssphären und Absatzmärkte konkurrieren.
Editorial: Corona und die Folgen: Gewinner, Verlierer und Chancen für eine neue Gesellschaftspolitik
Authors: Redaktion PROKLA
Published: March 2022

Seit zwei Jahren bestimmt die COVID-19-Pandemie Politik und Gesellschaft. Oft wurde betont, sie wirke wie ein Brennglas – nicht nur im Pflegebereich und im Gesundheitswesen. Das Heft will eine Zwischenbilanz ziehen und kritische Perspektiven diskutieren. Wie wird es nach der Corona-Katastrophe weitergehen? Was bringt die mit der Pandemie einhergehende wirtschaftliche Krise mit sich, was etwa folgt aus der Zerrüttung grenzüberschreitender Wertschöpfungsketten für die transnationale Gewerkschaftsarbeit? Was bedeutet der alltagspolitische Diskurs um »Systemrelevanz« für die Perspektive einer neuen (sozial-ökologischen) Politik der Arbeit? Wie konnten Amazon & Co die Krise nutzen und ihre Marktmacht ausbauen? Wie übersetzten sich die globalen Ungleichheiten und Dynamiken auf die Impfstoffproduktion und -verteilung? Ist von einer dauerhaften »Rückkehr des Staates« auszugehen? Wenn ja, was bedeutet das konkret? Und schließlich geht es um die Frage, welche Rolle Wissenschaft für die Politik und ihre Durchsetzung spielt – gerade in den letzten beiden Jahren.
INI-17, New Variety of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)
Authors: González-Pérez Enrique , Villalobos-Reyes Salvador , González-Chavira Mario Martin , Díaz-Huacuz Rocío Serafina , Canul-Kul Jaime
Published: March 2022

Objective: To describe the variety of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) based on the guides by the Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) and to evaluate their agronomic performance.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The variety was generated through the mass selection method followed by individual mass selection. The varietal description was conducted based on a local guide proposed and on guidelines by the UPOV. The experimental design used was in complete random blocks with four repetitions. Phenological and morphological traits of the plant were recorded. The means were compared with Tukey’s test at a level of 5% confidence.

Results: INI-17 is of tall bearing, with growth habit of semi-erect basal leaf. The number of basal leaves is high, of medium length and mean degree of lobulation, with intensity of foliage color. The number of umbels is high, the petals do not contain anthocyanins, and it is of late flowering; it has fruit of medium size and brown seeds that have high linalool content.

Study Limitation/Implications: Seed production is highly dependent on the temperature and presence of vectors, and it is of long cycle.

Findings/Conclusions: The agronomic performance and tolerance to plucking was comparable with commercial varieties, has aesthetic characteristics, of flavor and essential oil content that are demanded by consumers and the fragrance industry.
The Life of Ruth Bader Ginsberg: Biography of an Educator
Authors: Wallace Mallory
Published: March 2022

Now in her eighties, U.S. Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg has lived a remarkable life. Justice Ginsburg has had an enormous impact on the way United States law respects gender equality, transformed the U.S. Constitution, and lead broad social transformation in America (Dodson, 2015). And while all of this is so, before she completed any of this, Justice Ginsburg was known as Professor Ginsburg, spending seventeen years teaching law at two highly respected institutions of higher education. During this time, she created and taught revolutionary courses on Women and the Law, co-write the first-ever published casebook on sex-based discrimination, and contributed broadly to law scholarship and advocacy (Kay, 2015). Though the time Ginsburg spent working in higher education goes largely unexamined in comparison to her time spent in judicial offices, her life is forever entwined with education, having been a way-making female law student, a pioneering professor and real-world advocate, and an adjudicator who changed the face of education in the United States. This manuscript will report Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s story and give perspective beyond her contributions as judge, focusing on her path to and work as educator.
Effects of Tumor Microenvironment Acidification on Progression of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Review
Authors: Tien Tran Manh
Published: March 2022

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive and devastating disease, which is characterized by invasiveness, rapid progression and profound resistance to treatment. It has been best characterized that tumor microenvironment such as hypoxia and nutrient deprivation contributes to cancer progression; however, the role of tumor microenvironment acidification (TMA), a major feature of tumor tissue, has not been intensively studied. Interestingly, clinicopathological clues have recently unraveled that TMA is involved in promoting cancer progression although the exact signaling pathways is poorly understood. In PDAC, the TAM is tightly regulated by proton (H+) transporters and pumps. This review dissects and summarizes the roles of these H+-extruding regulators in facilitating PDAC progression.
A Multi-objective Hybrid Optimization for renewable energy integrated Electrical Power Transmission Expansion Planning
Authors: Gaffoor Shereena , Chacko Mariamma
Published: March 2022

Due to the large size of conventional electrical power transmission systems and the large number of uncertainties involved, achieving the most favourable Transmission Expansion Planning solution turns out to be
almost impossible. The proposed method intends to develop a novel method to solve Transmission Expansion Planning problems in electric power systems incorporating renewable energy sources like wind turbines and Photo Voltaic array using IEEE 24 Reliability Test System. For enhancing the efficiency of search processes and to make its use easier on diverse networks and operations, the hybridization of two renowned meta-heuristic algorithms known as Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) termed as Grey Wolf with Genetic Algorithm (GWGA)
is adopted. A novel distance factor based on the best position and current position of the solution in Grey wolf optimization is introduced
and proposed for the hybridization technique and gives a quick and promising solution with reduced computational time. The GWO and GA algorithms are combined suitably to achieve the advantages of both algorithms. With this proposed model, the investment cost of the transmission line and the maximum amount of power that can be distributed to the consumer is optimized with an objective of minimum load shedding. Among the state-of-the-art optimization techniques considered, a remarkable performance percentage improvement in the expansion plan in terms of cost reduction and load shedding minimization
has been obtained in GWO, but when hybridized with GA, an improvement of 13.42% in cost function and 18.65% in load shedding is achieved for a
population size of 60. Hence, the proposed method guarantees to generate the best solution with a faster convergence resulting in reduced computational time.
A Stylistic Study of the T. S. Eliot's Poem of 'The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock'
Authors: Dhayef Qassim Abbas , Mahdi Wafaa Abid-Ali
Published: March 2022

This study highlights Parallelism as a stylistic device in T. S. Elliot's poem "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock (1915)". This study tries to show the importance of Parallelism in poetry and how it is dominated in the twentieth century. Specifically, it aims to explore the operationality of parallelism as a stylistic device in twentieth-century poetry, identifying the most dominant type of parallelism in twentieth-century poetry and showing how parallelism is useful as a stylistic device for the reader. The study results revealed that Parallelism is manifest, of great use in the interpretation of the poem. The twentieth-century poets in general and T. S. Eliot' depend on parallelism in aestheticizing or beautifying their poems as it represents a set of regularities of form.
Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Nephrite from Wolay Deposited, Kunar, East Afghanistan
Authors: Obiadi Sayed Shafiualh , Amini Mohammad Aziz , Fazli Friba
Published: March 2022

This research deals with the study of geochemical, petrographic and mineralogical properties of Wolay Nephrite Occurrences in Kunar Province. Nephrite is a relatively silicate mineral, Cyclosilicate, with a chemical composition of Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2 and has a monocline crystal shape. It is found in metamorphic rocks in many parts of the world. Wolay nephrite area is related to the tectonic zone of Jalalabad. Jalalabad zone is located in the eastern part of Afghanistan and south-east of the Nuristan zone. Correspondingly, this zone is related to the upper Cambrian or younger Cambrian. In this area, the age of rocks is related to Archean- Middle Proterozoic AR-PR2. This contribution presents the first systematic mineralogical and geochemical studies on the Wolay nephrite deposit. Electron probe microanalysis, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and isotope ratio mass spectrometry was used to measure the mineralogy, bulk-rock chemistry, and stable (O and H) isotopes characteristics of samples from Kunar. Field investigation shows that the Kunar nephrite ore body occurs in the dolomitic marble near the intruding granitoids. Petrographic studies indicate that the nephrite is mainly composed of fine-grained actinolite with Schist and dolomite. Geochemical studies show that all nephrite samples have low bulk-rock Fe/(FeO + MgO) values (4.72–21.34%), as well as SiO2 (72.75%), Al2O3 (2.01), CaO (14.58%) and NiO (0.05%) contents. The chemical data analysis and interpretation of F=Mg/Mg+Fe percentages show that the Nephrites type is actinolite. The deposit of nephrite mineral has been formed in hydrothermally veins and lens shape in contact with serpentinite and carbonate (dolomite marble) rock in the under study area. The color and its clarity have a direct effect on the economy and its price. The Nephrite from the Khas Konur district is found in green color due to the existence of iron elements.
Research on the Experience of Urban Epidemic Prevention and Governance in Chang'an City in Tang Dynasty Based on the Analysis of Historical Data
Authors: Chen Yile , Chen Junzhang , Zheng Liang
Published: March 2022

Chinese cities have a history of at least five thousand years, and the city of Chang'an in the Tang Dynasty is a milestone. The planning and design of Chang'an City represented the most advanced level in the world at that time and laid the foundation for the design of China's capital city. With the global outbreak of the new crown virus COVID-19, it is even more necessary to enter the "post-epidemic era" for urban epidemic prevention and governance measures. In the history of the Tang Dynasty, there were 49 plague outbreaks, but they still created prosperous situations such as the "Excellent Governance during the Zhenguan Times" and " Flourishment Age of Kaiyuan Era". Based on the historical data and documentary interviews and analysis of the textual research, this article summarizes the urban epidemic prevention and management of the Tang Chang’an city from six aspects, including the site selection, water supply and drainage system, medical isolation facilities, lifang management system, landscaping and mainstream medical ideological guidance system, and summarize the advanced experience of typical capitals in ancient China to provide a reference for modern urban epidemic prevention and governance.
Mechanical Behavior and Application of a Novel Supporting and Retaining Structure for Slope
Authors: Xiao Yu , Liu Dongshuang , Liu Xinrong , Xie Yingkun , Han Yafeng , Xiong Fei
Published: March 2022

This paper proposed a novel supporting and retaining structure used to high-steep building slope reinforcement. It combined with an anti-sliding pile and an inclined supporting column, which is used as a fulcrum on the upper part of pile. The mechanical characteristics of the novel supporting and retaining structure are studied firstly by two mechanical methods and two numerical methods, respectively. Result shows that the axial force will be evenly distributed along the column body and it provide a quite resistant force, meanwhile. There are two shear force concentrated areas of the anti-sliding pile, one is from the top of the embedded area of the pile body to the potential slip plane, the other is at the joint. Subsequently, the results of these methods are compared synthetically and the differences between the results are also discussed. It shows that a large shear force and moment will be caused at the restrained end of the pile body by the force method and 2D numerical model 1. And in Wenkler model and the 2D numerical model 2, the rock is considered non-rigid, the anti-sliding pile will produce a certain amount of deflection under the sliding thrust, which reduces the shear force and moment at the top of the embedded area of the pile body. Finally, the novel supporting and retaining structure is applied to the site, and the monitoring data shows that the novel supporting and retaining structure is economic and effective for the reinforcement of the high-steep building slope.
Indonesia’s Energy Relations with the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: Drivers and Progresses
Authors: Rakhmat Zulfikar , Pashya M Habib
Published: March 2022

Located on opposite ends of Asia, Indonesia and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member states have developed dense and multifaceted relations in recent years. Trade and economic relations have been foundational in developing these ties, with energy playing an important role. Energy has long been at the heart of Indonesia-GCC trade. The relations have expanded from traditional energy such as oil and gas to renewable energy. This article examines the progress of Indonesia-GCC relations, particularly in the energy field. It looks at the major past and present developments in the energy cooperation between Indonesia and the Gulf countries, including exports, imports, as well as investments. In doing so, the paper also examines the drivers behind the growing cooperation.
Queerly Radical Professional Engagement
Authors: Montague Rae-Anne
Published: March 2022

The Rainbow Round Table (RRT) of the American Library Association (ALA), originally known as the Gay Task Force, has been actively standing against discrimination and advocating for LGBTQIA+ rights since 1970. Over the years, various RRT affiliates have contributed to myriad aspects of ongoing and emergent movements aligned with the pursuit of equality. These efforts have underpinned new perspectives, a broad spectrum of changes, queer progress, overcoming a range of challenges, and much joy. In the RRT context, book awards are particularly significant because of their enduring legacy and persistent impact. These awards serve as a focal point for this article, which presents a critical retrospective analysis emphasizing representation and intersectionality.
GARAP KARAWITAN PAKELIRAN; PAKELIRAN SANDOSA LAKON KEMBANG KUDHUP PUPUS (Perspektif Estetika Pakeliran Nuskma dan Mungguh)
Authors: Nugroho Catur , Aji Ananto Sabdo
Published: March 2022

This research discusses the work of karawitan pakeliran in a Pakeliran Sandosa with story Kembang Kudhup Pupus, which is explored through the basic aesthetic perspective of pakeliran, namely the concept of nuksma and respectively. The purpose of this discussion is to understand the extent to which an element of performing karawitan pakeliran can determine the achievement of an aesthetic puppet show. The results of the analysis show that the work of karawitan pakeliran in Pakeliran Sandosa Lakon Kembang Kudhup Pupus can be understood to reach the aesthetic level of pakeliran respectively. This can be seen through the creation of accuracy, harmony, and appropriateness between the composition of the performance karawitan pakeliran including gendhing and tembang to the needs of the events of the play and the inner atmosphere experienced by the puppet. As for the achievement of the aesthetics of pakeliran nuksma which is able to motivate the effect of catharsis for the admirer in the framework of karawitan pakeliran can be felt through the pattern of melody and gendhing songs and songs arranged in such a way; by paying attention to the compatibility between vocal techniques, beats, and musical graphic arrangements that are oriented to the dynamics of the gendhing sense.
The Troubles crime thriller and the future of films about Northern Ireland
Authors: Gallagher Richard
Published: March 2022

Troubles-based crime thrillers were once a staple of Hollywood cinema in the 1990s. However, these types of films have become something of a subgenre of European crime films in the last few decades given that films produced over the period have all been produced and financed by either the United Kingdom, Ireland, France or Germany. Owing to both the financial and critical success of these films, relative to other types of films about Northern Ireland, and the more market-driven approach adopted by policymakers, the crime thriller genre has also become the primary way that audiences engage with cinema about Northern Ireland. Although some encouraging developments have come with this transition away from, at times, exploitative Hollywood-produced films, continued reliance on genre in this new dispensation—specifically the crime thriller—is still a development that is not without problems. The type of films about the conflict produced today also contrasts significantly with those produced during the “first wave” of Irish cinema in the 1980s.
SCIENCE TEACHERS’ BELIEFS AS BARRIERS TO IMPLEMENTATION OF CONSTRUCTIVIST-BASED EDUCATION REFORM
Authors: Feyzioğlu Eylem Yıldız
Published: March 2022

A new Science and Technology program had been applied in Turkey since 2005. Constructivism has been the predominant influence on the program. Accordingly, science teachers are expected to have beliefs that are consistent with constructivism. However, the question of “what are the Turkish science teachers’ beliefs” is important because, the success of the program is dependent upon the teachers’ beliefs. This paper reports on the investigation of the science teachers’ beliefs about teaching science, learning science and managing behavior problems and any relationships among these belief systems. Data were collected through interviews with 18 science teachers. Results indicated that most of the science teachers held transitive beliefs about teaching science, and traditional beliefs about learning science and managing behavior problems. While teachers with 1-10 years experiences held a constructivist belief, this belief gave way to traditional belief as the teaching experience advanced. Beliefs of teachers were both interrelated and nested.
Key words: classroom management, constructivism, learning science, teacher beliefs, teaching science.
THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ANXIETY, CHEMISTRY ATTITUDES, AND SELF-EFFICACY: A STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL
Authors: Kurbanoğlu Namudar İzzet , Akin Ahmet
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between organic chemistry anxiety, chemistry attitudes, and self-efficacy. Participants were 368 sophomore undergraduate students. In this study, the Organic Chemistry Anxiety Scale (O-CAS), the Chemistry Attitudes Scale, and the Self-efficacy Scale were used. Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling was utilized to determine the relationships between organic chemistry anxiety, chemistry attitudes, and self-efficacy. In correlation analysis, organic chemistry anxiety was found negatively (r=-0.52) related to chemistry attitudes and self-efficacy (r=-0.36). According to path analysis results, chemistry attitudes were predicted positively (β=0.44) and organic chemistry anxiety predicted negatively (β= -0.16) by self-efficacy. Also chemistry attitudes predicted organic chemistry anxiety in a negative way (β=-0.44). The results were discussed in the light of literature.
Key words: chemistry attitudes, organic chemistry anxiety, path analysis and self-efficacy.
INVESTIGATING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS ON THE CONSTRUCTIVIST LEARNING ENVIRONMENT AND THEIR ACADEMIC SUCCESS IN SCIENCE COURSE WITH PATH ANALYSIS
Authors: Bas Gokhan
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the perceptions on the constructivist learning environment and academic success of elementary students in science course with structural equation modelling. The correlative investigation model was adopted in the research. The sample of the research consisted of 195 students from six public elementary schools, chosen according to random sampling method. In order to answer the research question, “The constructivist learning environment survey” (Taylor, Fraser & Fisher, 1997) was used in the study. Also, the data in relation with students’ academic success in science course were gathered from their school report cards regarding the spring semester. In this research, LISREL 8.51 structural equation software was used in model establishing by using the observed variables. According to the findings obtained in the research, it was found out that the compatibility index results of the constructed equation model, the model-data compatibility was found out to be high enough [χ2/df=1.46; GFI=0.86; CFI=0.93; RMSEA=0.048; RMR=0.078; SRMR=0.056; NFI=0.81; NNFI=0.92] in the research. In the regression equa¬tion, it was found out that the variable best predicting students’ academic success in science course was the variable personal relevance in relation to the constructivist learning environment. On the other hand, it was understood that all five predictor variables that were included in the regression equation account for 76% of the overall variance of the academic success in science course in the research.
Key words: Constructivist learning environment, correlation, elementary students, science course.
Brumation of the clouded monitor lizard Varanus nebulosus in north-eastern Thailand
Authors: GOODYEAR JESSE
Published: March 2022

The clouded monitor lizard (Varanus nebulosus), is a semi arboreal lizard widely distributed throughout much of South and Southeast Asia. Despite its wide distribution there is almost nothing known about the ecology of this species. During the course of an 11-month radio telemetry study, in a reserve with a tropical savannah climate (Köppen Aw), we made the first records of brumation in this monitor lizard. This contrasts with earlier reports of the same species in a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen Am) where no brumation was recorded. We successfully tracked 10 individuals throughout their inactive period and found that seven of the monitors selected tree hollows within the endangered Shorea henryana tree. All tree hollows selected faced between the east and south cardinal points (90 °-180 °). The average brumation period was 100 days (range 86-113 days, standard deviation - 10.7), beginning in November at a time of falling temperatures and humidities and ending in early March when these variables had been restored. Eight of the 10 monitors basked partially or completely out of their shelters on multiple occasions. Of those eight monitors, two individuals moved between shelters during brumation after an extended period in one location. Our observations provide insight into the relationship between V. nebulosus and the tree S.henryana, in the dry evergreen forests of north-eastern Thailand. Future research should investigate how this tree will be affected by climate change in the coming decades and what that could mean for the future persistence of the clouded monitors that appear to rely on it
Defensive behaviour by the African snakes Amblyodipsas unicolor and Atractaspis andersonii
Authors: HUGHES BARRY
Published: March 2022

Coiling into a spiral as a way of concealing and protecting the head is described in species of two African snake genera – Amblyodipsas and Atractaspis, the latter otherwise known for a very different and distinctive ‘snout to ground’ avoidance behaviour. Spiralling and balling are considered in other snakes worldwide and the individualism of animal behaviour warned against. It is to be hoped that recognition of ‘spiralling’ as a distinctive form of ‘coiling’ or ‘balling’ behaviour will lead to more critical analysis of snake defensive behaviour
Souvenirs: How They May Be or May Not Be Understood
Authors: Hitchcock Michael
Published: March 2022

This paper is based on a keynote lecture given by Michael Hitchcock, Emeritus Professor, Institutefor Creative and Cultural Entrepreneurship at Goldsmiths, University of London, UnitedKingdom at the Souvenirs 2021 conference.
Memories from Spain. The Finnish painter Albert Edelfelt’s (1854 – 1905) travel pictures as souvenirs
Authors: Lundström Marie-Sofie
Published: March 2022

This article discusses two artworks by the Finnish painter Albert Edelfelt (1854 – 1905), related to a sixweek- long journey to Spain in 1881: San Telmo Sevilla – recuerdo de la feria (San Telmo Seville – A Memory from the Feria), and Remembrance of Spain (Jewish Girl), also known as A Memory from Spain. The approach is theoretical, with the aim to examine how the concept of the souvenir shapes our understanding of the paintings’ motifs. The main research questions pertain to how Edelfelt’s Spanish artworks refer to the differentiated object that attracted his tourist eye, containing also his experiences. Questions of metonymy and travel pictures’ parallels to (tourism) photography are addressed. The methodology is based on semiotics according to D. MacCannell (1999) and J. Culler (1981), with a particular interest in truth markers. An empirically anchored art historical aspect is contextualised within a framework of theories on tourist behaviour, such as Urry’s theory of the tourist gaze. The artworks are defined as souvenirs and analysed from a tourism perspective. The combination of the concept of the souvenir and empirical data as a base for art historical analysis of travel pictures is particularly successful: the pictures’ function as truth markers serves as proof of that ephemeral but real experiences have taken place; the artworks’ titles refer to the memory function, anchoring the pictures in time and place like truth markers do. This adds to art historical analysis, framing empirical evidence within a broader context of travel behaviour and souvenir production.
Holidaying behind the Iron Curtain: The material culture of tourism in Cold War Eastern Europe
Authors: Wilkins Carys
Published: March 2022

During the Twentieth Century, foreign travel underwent a process of democratisation. Increasingly, through the development of package holidays to ever more far-flung destinations, leisure tourism for the first time allowed ordinary people to experience different cultures first hand. With the increased availability and affordability of foreign travel, actively promoted by travel agencies with strong left-wing political affiliations and supported and facilitated by international friendship societies, the number of western tourists visiting Eastern Europe multiplied through the 1960s and 1970s despite the Cold War. This paper will explore western tourism in Eastern Europe during the Cold War in a Scottish context through the material culture of travel collected during this period, focusing on the collection of Miss Eileen Crowford (1913 - 1990) held by National Museums Scotland. Miss Crowford was a life-long Edinburgh resident and an avid collector. Her collection spans the 20th century and includes a significant collection of costume jewellery, mass-produced decorative arts and travel souvenirs. Drawing upon previously unresearched material in the archive and objects acquired on her travels, both items that she bought and things that she was given or obtained as part of the travel experience, provides a case study through which to explore engagement with communist culture and politics in a Scottish context. This paper discusses how these trips were being marketed to prospective Scottish travellers, and how souvenir production and distribution, as well as conditions of access, reflect an often-mediated experience of the Soviet East.
The Influence of Financial Crime on Tax Compliance: Moderating Effect of Government’s Future Orientation
Authors: Ramadhani Zahra Jihadia El Fitria , Kristanto Ari Budi
Published: March 2022

Taxes have become the primary source of revenue for most countries all over the globe. However, financial crime occurs in many parts of the world and may threaten this critical role of tax. This research aims to examine the influence of financial crime on tax compliance with the future orientation of the government as a moderating variable. This research is a cross-country research with a population of countries in the world. By using purposive sampling, the sample of this research is 105 countries. This research obtained secondary data to measure the country-level financial crime, tax compliance, and the government’s future orientation. To test the hypothesis, the data is then analyzed using moderated regression analysis (MRA). The results indicate that financial crime has a negative influence on tax compliance. Financial crimes can undermine a culture of compliance which can reduce tax compliance. The higher the financial crime, the lower the tax compliance. Furthermore, the future orientation of government can weaken the negative influence of financial crime on tax compliance. When the government has a future orientation that shows the government’s ability to prepare for the future for its welfare, people will tend to trust the government. The higher the trust, the higher the tax compliance so that government can still strive for tax compliance. This research contributes to providing information for the government in determining orientation strategies in response to the conditions of financial crimes that occur so that the government can still strive for tax compliance to maintain government revenue. The study's shortcomings include that it used data from many sources and years. As a result, readers should use caution when interpreting the research's findings, and the subsequent researchers should get data from the same year