bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nýja kvennahreyfingin á Norðurlöndum á áttunda áratug 20. aldar
Authors: Matthíasdóttir Sigríður
Published: October 2013

Hér er fjallað um nokkrar nýlegar rannsóknir á nýju kvennahreyfingunni í Svíþjóð, Noregi og Danmörku á áttunda áratug 20. aldar. Byggist greinin einkum á rannsóknum sænsku sagnfræðinganna Elisabeth Elgán og Emma Isaksson, norsku sagnfræðinganna Trine Rogg Korsvik og Gro Hagemann og danska stjórnmálafræðingsins Drude Dahlerup. Allar hafa þessar fræðikonur verið framarlega í þessum rannsóknum á undanförnum árum eða skrifað mikilvægar greinar. Í þeim fjalla þær um "tilurðarsögu" hreyfinganna í viðkomandi löndum, baráttuaðferðir þeirra, hugmyndafræði og tengsl hreyfinganna við jafnréttisbaráttuna í öðrum löndum, sérstaklega í Bandaríkjunum. Er sú "tilurðarsaga" jafnframt tekin til endurskoðunar. Áhugaverðar eru lýsingar á því hvernig hinar ýmsu opinberu "aðgerðir" sem gripið var til í baráttunni endurspegluðu afstöðu kvennanna til málefnisins. Baráttan beindist að auknu jafnrétti í samfélaginu og hafði þess vegna sterka pólitíska skírskotun sem aftur á móti gat orsakað klofning þegar sósíalísk hugmyndafræði og róttækur femínismi tókust á. Markmiðið með greininni er fyrst og fremst það að draga fram ákveðna þætti sem mótuðu baráttuaðferðirnar, rýna í hugmyndafræðina sem byggt var á og skoða þróunina sem varð í löndunum þremur. Tekin eru dæmi af baráttu íslensku Rauðsokkahreyfingarinnar þar sem við á. Í lokin er varpað fram nokkrum spurningum um hvort Rauðsokkahreyfingin á Íslandi hafi byggst upp á sömu þáttum eða þróast með svipuðum hætti og í þessum norrænu systurlöndum. Þeim spurningum verður að vísu ekki svarað nema til komi verulega auknar rannsóknir á þessu sviði hér á landi.
F-Word or Blueprint for Institutional Reform? European Integration and the Continued Relevance of Federalism
Authors: Conrad Maximilian , Steingrímsdóttir Freyja
Published: October 2013

Federalist thought has historically been an important source of inspiration in European integration. Although the last few decades have witnessed a gradual decline of the concept’s relevance, the most recent developments in the wake of the Eurozone debt crisis have drawn renewed attention to shortcomings in the European Union’s institutional architecture as well as to the feasibility of federal solutions to such institutional shortcomings. This article explores the potential of federalist thought as a blueprint for institutional reform in the EU. Based on a brief introduction to the concept of federalism, the article contextualizes federalism in debates on the democratic deficit, the EU’s sources of legitimacy and the relationship between the union institutions and the member states. If shortcomings in institutional design are the source of the current (and future) crises, then closer attention needs to be paid to the costs and benefits of federal reorganization in terms of democracy, legitimacy and sovereignty, particularly from the perspective of small states in the EU. Federal reorganization would not only improve the democratic character of EU decision making, but also strengthen the role of small states in the union. However, it also prompts a number of thorny questions, most importantly regarding the construction of a European demos and its relationship to deeply engrained ideas about the nation state as a more or less natural home of democracy.
Case Study in Psychobiographical Ethics: Bobby Fischer, World Chess Champion
Authors: Ponterotto Joseph G.
Published: October 2013

This article addresses ethical issues relative to the conduct and reporting of psychobiographical research. The authors recent psychobiographical study of World Chess Champion Bobby Fischer (1943–2008) is used to illustrate particular ethical challenges and responses in six areas: (1) institutional review board (IRB) evaluation and informed consent; (2) balancing objective research with respect for psychobiographical subject; (3) inviting subject or next-of-kin to read and comment on working drafts of psychobiography; (4) reporting never-before-revealed sensitive information on a subject; (5) role of interdisciplinary consultation in conducting psychobiography; and (6) the value and cautions of including psychological diagnoses as part of the psychological profile. A “bill of rights and responsibilities” for the psychobiographer is introduced as a stimulus for ongoing discussion and empirical research on ethical practice in psychobiography.
The role of androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism and other factors which affect the clinical response to testosterone replacement in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: TIMES2 sub-study
Authors: Stanworth R D , Akhtar S , Channer K S , Jones T H
Published: October 2013

Context

The TIMES2 (testosterone replacement in hypogonadal men with either metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes) study reported beneficial effects of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on insulin resistance and other variables in men with diabetes or metabolic syndrome. The androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism (AR CAG) is known to affect stimulated AR activity and has been linked to various clinically relevant variables.

Objective

To assess the role of AR CAG in the alteration of clinical response to TRT in the TIMES2 study.

Design

Subgroup analysis from a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled and parallel group study.

Setting

Outpatient study recruiting from secondary and primary care.

Patients

A total of 139 men with hypogonadism and type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome, of which 73 received testosterone during the TIMES2 study.

Intervention

Testosterone 2% transdermal gel vs placebo.

Main outcome measure

Regression coefficient of AR CAG from linear regression models for each variable.

Results

AR CAG was independently positively associated with change in fasting insulin, triglycerides and diastolic blood pressure during TRT with a trend to association with HOMA-IR – the primary outcome variable. There was a trend to negative association between AR CAG and change in PSA. There was no association of AR CAG with change in other glycaemic variables, other lipid variables or obesity.

Conclusion

AR CAG affected the response of some variables to TRT in the TIMES2 study, although the association with HOMA-IR did not reach significance. Various factors may have limited the power of our study to detect the significant associations between AR CAG, testosterone levels and change in variables with testosterone treatment. Analysis of similar data sets from other clinical trials is warranted.
Fundamental Movement Skill Interventions in Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Morgan Philip J. , Barnett Lisa M. , Cliff Dylan P. , Okely Anthony D. , Scott Hayley A. , Cohen Kristen E. , Lubans David R.
Published: October 2013

BACKGROUND:

Fundamental movement skill (FMS) proficiency is positively associated with physical activity and fitness levels. The objective of this study was to systematically review evidence for the benefits of FMS interventions targeting youth.

METHODS:

A search with no date restrictions was conducted across 7 databases. Studies included any school-, home-, or community-based intervention for typically developing youth with clear intent to improve FMS proficiency and that reported statistical analysis of FMS competence at both preintervention and at least 1 other postintervention time point. Study designs included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using experimental and quasi-experimental designs and single group pre-post trials. Risk of bias was independently assessed by 2 reviewers.

RESULTS:

Twenty-two articles (6 RCTs, 13 quasi-experimental trials, 3 pre-post trials) describing 19 interventions were included. All but 1 intervention were evaluated in primary/elementary schools. All studies reported significant intervention effects for ≥1 FMS. Meta-analyses revealed large effect sizes for overall gross motor proficiency (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68–2.16, Z = 3.77, P < .0002) and locomotor skill competency (SMD = 1.42, 95% CI 0.56–2.27, Z = 3.25, P = .001). A medium effect size for object control skill competency was observed (SMD = 0.63, 95% CI 0.28–0.98, Z = 3.53, P = .0004). Many studies scored poorly for risk of bias items.

CONCLUSIONS:

School- and community-based programs that include developmentally appropriate FMS learning experiences delivered by physical education specialists or highly trained classroom teachers significantly improve FMS proficiency in youth.
Influence of synthesis route on the morphology of SrTiO3 particles
Authors: Leite Marina M. , Vichi Flavio M.
Published: October 2013

The cubic perovskite SrTiO3 is an important semiconductor oxide with a band gap of 3.2 eV. It has a wide variety of applications such as: dielectric materials, photoluminescent devices, and in photocatalysis. It is conventionally obtained by the classic solid state synthesis (SS), in which TiO2 and SrCO3 react for several hours at temperatures as high as 1200 °C. Besides the high energy demand, SS is not useful for the control of physical characteristics, such as particle size and morphology, which has become essential for some of its applications. It is known that many soft and green routes can produce SrTiO3. Among them, the hydrothermal (HT) and sol-precipitation (SP) methods, as well as the molten salt synthesis (MS) are interesting not only due to their low cost and energy use, but also because of the possibility of particle size and shape control. This study compares the size and morphology of the SrTiO3 particles obtained by these three synthetic pathways. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to compare particle size and morphology, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to confirm the perovskite formation as well as to determine the Scherrer’s particle size.
Wilson's disease in Southern Brazil: genotype-phenotype correlation and description of two novel mutations in ATP7B gene
Authors: Bem Ricardo Schmitt de , Raskin Salmo , Muzzillo Dominique Araujo , Deguti Marta Mitiko , Cancado Eduardo Luiz Rachid , Araujo Thiago Ferreira , Nakhle Maria Cristina , Barbosa Egberto Reis , Munhoz Renato Puppi , Teive Helio Afonso Ghizoni
Published: October 2013

OBJECTIVE: Wilson's disease (WD) is an inborn error of metabolism caused by abnormalities of the copper-transporting protein encoding gene ATP7B. In this study, we examined ATP7B for mutations in a group of patients living in southern Brazil. METHODS: 36 WD subjects were studied and classified according to their clinical and epidemiological data. In 23 subjects the ATP7B gene was analyzed. RESULTS: Fourteen distinct mutations were detected in at least one of the alleles. The c.3207C>A substitution at exon 14 was the most common mutation (allelic frequency=37.1%) followed by the c.3402delC at exon 15 (allelic frequency=11.4%). The mutations c.2018-2030del13 at exon 7 and c.4093InsT at exon 20 are being reported for the first time. CONCLUSION: The c.3207C>A substitution at exon 14, was the most common mutation, with an allelic frequency of 37.1%. This mutation is the most common mutation described in Europe.
Radar mapping of Isunnguata Sermia, Greenland
Authors: Jezek K. , Wu X. , Paden J. , Leuschen C.
Published: October 2013

Ice thickness estimates using advanced nadir sounding and tomographic radar processing techniques are compared and combined in a study of Isunnguata Sermia glacier, Greenland. Using an ensemble of Operation IceBridge flight lines spaced at 500 m intervals and running approximately along the flow direction, we find there is a statistically excellent comparison between subglacial terrains derived from two-dimensional tomography and gridded nadir sounding. Analysis shows that tomographic data better capture short wavelength (1–2 km) patterns in basal terrain, but interpolated nadir sounding data yield more spatially extensive and continuous coverage across the glacier, especially in deep subglacial troughs. Using derived surface and basal topography maps, we find that driving stress and measured and modeled surface velocity comparisons indicate that basal sliding is an important component of the glacier motion, but is also only weakly coupled to the detailed bed topography save for the deepest troughs. As might be expected for this land-terminating, relatively slow-moving glacier, the subglacial and proglacial topography is similar, suggesting the erosional processes acting on the modern glacier bed once helped sculpt the now exposed land.
Biogas Production from Thin Stillage on an Industrial Scale—Experience and Optimisation
Authors: Moestedt Jan , Påledal Sören , Schnürer Anna , Nordell Erik
Published: October 2013

With the increasing demand for renewable energy and sustainable waste treatment, biogas production is expanding. Approximately four billion litres of bio-ethanol are produced annually for vehicle fuel in Europe, resulting in the production of large amounts of stillage residues. This stillage is energy-rich and can be used for biogas production, but is a challenging substrate due to its high levels of nitrogen and sulphate. At the full-scale biogas production plant in Norrköping, Sweden (Svensk Biogas i Linköping AB), thin grain stillage is used as a biogas substrate. This paper describes the plant operation and strategies that have been implemented to digest thin stillage successfully. High ammonia concentrations in the digester have resulted in syntrophic acetate oxidation (SAO) becoming the major pathway for acetate degradation. Therefore, a long hydraulic retention time (HRT) (40–60 days) is used to allow the syntrophic acetate-oxidising bacteria time to grow. The high sulphate levels in thin stillage result in high levels of hydrogen sulphide following degradation of protein and the activity of sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB), the presence of which has been confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis. To optimise biogas production and maintain a stable process, the substrate is diluted with tap water and co-digested with grain residues and glycerine to keep the ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) concentration below 6 g L−1. Combined addition of iron, hydrochloric acid and cobalt successfully precipitates sulphides, reduces ammonia toxicity and supplies microorganisms with trace element. Mesophilic temperature (38 °C) is employed to further avoid ammonia toxicity. Together, these measures and doubling the digester volume have made it possible to increase annual biogas production from 27.7 TJ to 69.1 TJ.
Association between γ-Glutamyl Transferase and Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study of an Adult Population in Beijing
Authors: Tao Lixin , Li Xia , Zhu Huiping , Gao Yue , Luo Yanxia , Wang Wei , Wang Zhaoping , Chen Dongning , Wu Lijuan , Guo Xiuhua
Published: October 2013

The relationship between liver enzymes and clustered components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is explored and the predictive power of γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) for the diagnosis of MetS in an adult population in Beijing is investigated. A total of 10,553 adults aged 20–65 years who underwent health examinations at Beijing Tongren Hospital in 2012 were enrolled in the study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis is conducted to determine the associations between the levels of various liver enzymes and clustered components of MetS. A receiver operating characteristic analysis is used to determine the optimal cut-off value of GGT for the diagnosis of MetS. A high level of GGT is found to be positively associated with clustered components of MetS in both men and women after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), history of alcoholic fatty liver, and the presence of taking anti-hypertensive, anti-dyslipidemic, and anti-diabetic drugs. Among all components of MetS, GGT is more predictive of triglyceride, and BMI. The area-under-the-curve values of GGT for discriminating MetS from normal metabolic status in men and women are 0.73 and 0.80, respectively. The optimal cut-off value of GGT for men is 31.50 U/L, demonstrating a sensitivity of 74.00% and specificity of 62.00%. For women, it is 19.50 U/L (sensitivity 76.00% and specificity 70.00%). GGT is therefore recommended as a useful diagnostic marker for MetS, because the test is inexpensive, highly sensitive, and frequently encountered in clinical practice.
Spatio-Temporal Epidemiology of Human West Nile Virus Disease in South Dakota
Authors: Wimberly Michael , Giacomo Paolla , Kightlinger Lon , Hildreth Michael
Published: October 2013

Despite a cold temperate climate and low human population density, the Northern Great Plains has become a persistent hot spot for human West Nile virus (WNV) disease in North America. Understanding the spatial and temporal patterns of WNV can provide insights into the epidemiological and ecological factors that influence disease emergence and persistence. We analyzed the 1,962 cases of human WNV disease that occurred in South Dakota from 2002–2012 to identify the geographic distribution, seasonal cycles, and interannual variability of disease risk. The geographic and seasonal patterns of WNV have changed since the invasion and initial epidemic in 2002–2003, with cases shifting toward the eastern portion of South Dakota and occurring earlier in the transmission season in more recent years. WNV cases were temporally autocorrelated at lags of up to six weeks and early season cumulative case numbers were correlated with seasonal totals, indicating the possibility of using these data for short-term early detection of outbreaks. Epidemiological data are likely to be most effective for early warning of WNV virus outbreaks if they are integrated with entomological surveillance and environmental monitoring to leverage the strengths and minimize the weaknesses of each information source.
Potential Application of Electronic Olfaction Systems in Feedstuffs Analysis and Animal Nutrition
Authors: Campagnoli Anna , Dell'Orto Vittorio
Published: October 2013

Electronic Olfaction Systems (EOSs) based on a variety of gas-sensing technologies have been developed to simulate in a simplified manner animal olfactory sensing systems. EOSs have been successfully applied to many applications and fields, including food technology and agriculture. Less information is available for EOS applications in the feed technology and animal nutrition sectors. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), which are derived from both forages and concentrate ingredients of farm animal rations, are considered and described in this review as olfactory markers for feedstock quality and safety evaluation. EOS applications to detect VOCs from feedstuffs (as analytical matrices) are described, and some future scenarios are hypothesised. Furthermore, some EOS applications in animal feeding behaviour and organoleptic feed assessment are also described.
On the Use of a Low-Cost Thermal Sensor to Improve Kinect People Detection in a Mobile Robot
Authors: Susperregi Loreto , Sierra Basilio , Castrillón Modesto , Lorenzo Javier , Martínez-Otzeta Jose , Lazkano Elena
Published: October 2013

Detecting people is a key capability for robots that operate in populated environments. In this paper, we have adopted a hierarchical approach that combines classifiers created using supervised learning in order to identify whether a person is in the view-scope of the robot or not. Our approach makes use of vision, depth and thermal sensors mounted on top of a mobile platform. The set of sensors is set up combining the rich data source offered by a Kinect sensor, which provides vision and depth at low cost, and a thermopile array sensor. Experimental results carried out with a mobile platform in a manufacturing shop floor and in a science museum have shown that the false positive rate achieved using any single cue is drastically reduced. The performance of our algorithm improves other well-known approaches, such as C4 and histogram of oriented gradients (HOG).
Critical Omissions and New Directions for Sustainable Tourism: A Situated Macro–Micro Approach
Authors: Jamal Tazim , Camargo Blanca , Wilson Erica
Published: October 2013

This paper traces the history and evolution of sustainable tourism and identifies some critical issues and omissions in this and related approaches such as responsible tourism, ecotourism and pro-poor tourism. The academic, institutional and practical intersections of sustainable tourism and responsible tourism are examined. It reveals that important theoretical and practical considerations around well-being, inclusion, and sustainability have been omitted. A critical look at ecotourism reveals additional concerns, such as a cornucopia of guidelines and principles, without clear ethical justifications to support them. At the same time, academics in this domain have been slow to consider the modernist and neoliberal influences shaping ecotourism and sustainable tourism development, such as through the discourse of ecological modernization. We identify some key omissions, such as the missing ‘body’ in sustainable tourism discourse, lack of critical analysis of postcolonial and dependency issues, and propose re-situating ‘sustainable tourism’ within a micro–macro, local-global systems approach informed by a clear framework of justice and ethics.
THE BALANCED SCORECARD AND EFQM WORKING TOGETHER IN A PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Authors: Vukomanovic Mladen , Radujkovic Mladen
Published: October 2013

In the recent years the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) and EFQM Excellence Model (EFQM) became very popular performance management (PMM) models. However, many studies showed their flaws, especially in communicating, integrating and aligning Key Performance Indicators (KPI) with strategy, setting targets and conducting benchmarking. BSC or EFQM have always been used alone and regarded as exclusive PMM tools. In contrast, this study introduces a novel PMM framework that relies on the strengths of both BSC and EFQM. The framework uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to connect these two models. At first, AHP is used for setting priorities among competitive strategic objectives and afterwards for selecting KPIs against SMARTER (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound, Encouraging and Rewarding) criteria. By verifying the framework on the construction industry we discovered that companies can integrate EFQM and BSC to conduct benchmarking, identify best practice, align strategy with the competitive surroundings and selecting strategy aligned KPIs. Using this framework, construction companies can thus achieve strategic control that otherwise by just using BSC could not be achieved. These findings are important because they bring a new perspective on managing organizations and confront many authors who have put EFQM and BSC against each other.
Information Technology and Organizational Change in the Public Sector
Authors: Seneviratne Sonal J.
Published: October 2013

The adoption of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to organize, integrate, coordinate and manage various activities has become the catalyst for organizational change. The impact of these changes in the public sector have been to change the type of work being performed, demand new levels of productivity and efficiency from those performing the work, and call for a fundamental restructuring of the public sector to reflect the value systems of an information age. The literature on the organizational impacts of Information and Communication Technology have pointed to mixed findings about the success of information technology enabled organizational change, suggesting that the success of such change efforts depends on the combination of technical and social influences. Despite any potential for organizational change in the private sector, information technologies have not been associated with organizational transformation in the public sector. It is suggested that for the public sector to begin reaping the benefits of Information and Communication Technology, public sector managers are going to need to become change agents and manage the change process by managing the technology. 
Why Not Reengineer Traditional Higher Education?
Authors: Berge Zane L.
Published: October 2013

Just as the agricultural era gave way to an industrial society at the turn of the 20th century, an information society is now emerging as we move into the 21st century (Bell, 1993; Naisbitt, 1988; Toffler, 1980). With this shift in the means of production come drastic changes to every segment of society—including higher education (Rowley, Lujan, and Dolence, 1998). New delivery systems that increase the effectiveness of learning at a distance, new organizations such as virtual universities, and other models of teaching and learning are forcing higher education to change the way they do business (Mangan, 1998; Oblinger, 1997; Selingo, 1998). Compared with that of the past 100 years, the rate of change occurring in society is unprecedented. There have been unparalleled increases in global competition, in customer expectations, and in new technology. These factors contribute to a lasting sense of crisis. Can traditional organizations in higher education respond to the changing environment by using the same approaches business has? The traditional universities and colleges can be characterized as having: a residential student body; a recognized geographic service area from which the majority of student are drawn (a local community, a region, a state, or a nation); full-time faculty members who organize curricula and degrees, teach in face-to-face settings, engage in scholarship, often conduct public service, and share in institutional governance; a central library and physical plant; nonprofit financial status; and evaluation strategies of organizational effectiveness based upon measurement of inputs to instruction, such as funding, library holdings, facilities, faculty/student ratios, faculty qualifications, and student qualifications (Hanna, 1998, p. 69). However, technology is allowing non-traditional organizations to meet the curricular challenges many students are presenting (Whinston, 1994), including the need to develop learning materials that can be easily updated and configured for the particular needs of students, as well as the possibility of learning at any time and at any place. At the same time, the mode of industrial production within our society is being replaced with models that rely on the rapid growth in technology, an increase in the accessibility of information, a more critically aware population, and a shift from the production of goods to a service economy (Merron, 1995). These factors are causing significant change in education as well.
Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation of IL-17 by the RNA-Binding Protein HuR Is Required for Initiation of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Chen Jing , Cascio Jason , Magee Joseph D. , Techasintana Patsharaporn , Gubin Matthew M. , Dahm Garrett M. , Calaluce Robert , Yu Shiguang , Atasoy Ulus
Published: October 2013

IL-17 is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by activated Th17 cells and other immune cells. IL-17–producing Th17 cells are major contributors to chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Although the transcriptional regulation of Th17 cells is well understood, the posttranscriptional regulation of IL-17 gene expression remains unknown. The RNA-binding protein HuR positively regulates the stability of many target mRNAs via binding the AU-rich elements present in the 3′ untranslated region of many inflammatory cytokines including IL-4, IL-13, and TNF-α. However, the regulation of IL-17 expression by HuR has not been established. CD4+ Th17 cells from HuR knockout mice had decreased IL-17 steady-state mRNA and protein levels compared with wild-type Th17 cells, as well as decreases in frequency of IL-17+ cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that HuR directly binds to the IL-17 mRNA 3′ untranslated region by using RNA immunoprecipitation and biotin pulldown assays. In addition, the knockout of HuR decreased cellular proliferation of CD4+ T cells. Mice with adoptively transferred HuR KO Th17 cells had delayed initiation and reduced disease severity in the onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis compared with wild-type Th17 cells. Our results reveal a HuR-induced posttranscriptional regulatory mechanism of Th17 differentiation that influences IL-17 expression. These findings may provide novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of Th17-mediated autoimmune neuroinflammation.
Upper Silurian? to Middle Devonian Spores of the Moose River Basin, Ontario
Authors: McGregor D C , Camfield M
Published: October 2013

Devonian spores, including I1 new species and 2 new varieties, are described and illustrated from the Kenogami River, Stooping River, Sextant, ICwataboahegan, Moose River, Murray Island, and Williams Island Formations in three wells from the Moose River Basin of
the Hudson Bay region. The upper member of the Kenogami River Formation, long regarded as Upper Silurian, is herein assigned to the Gedinnian and Siegenian stages of the Lower Devonian in the Jaab Lake No. 1 and Puskwuche Point No. 1 wells. The Silurian-Devonian boundary probably lies within the
middle member of the Kenogami River Formation. The nonmarine Sextant Formation in the Kiasko River well is correlative with marine strata high in the Stooping River Formation in the Jaab Lake well. The Lower to Middle Devonian boundary lies about one third the way up the Kwataboahegan Formation in
the Jaab Lake well. Stratigraphic range charts prepared for 66 taxa of spores show that close comparisons exist in the spores and in their stratigraphic ranges between the Moose River Basin, the Welsh Borderland and South Wales, the Eifel region of Germany, and eastern Gaspt. Data from these wells
provide a palynostratigraphic reference section for the Lower and Middle Devonian rocks of the Hudson Bay region.
Dépôts Quaternaires de la région de Granby, Québec
Authors: Prichonnet G ,   Geological Survey of Canada
Published: October 2013

The Granby map area covers a transitional zone {rom the St. Lawrence to the first ridges of the Appalachians. Elevation is relatively low varying {rom 35 m in the west part to 250 m in the east, although three Monteregian Hills dominate the valley and ridge
topography which trends parallel the Appalachian tectonic grain. Crystalline rocks of the intrusive stocks coring the Monteregian Hills - emplaced during the early Cretaceous - provide a great erosional contrast to the surrounding Cambro-Ordovician shales, carbonates and sandstones. Quaternary
deposits, locally as thick as 50 m, rest with angular unconformity on bedrock. These include two tills separated by stratified sediments and a succession of postglacial deposits, mainly composed of glaciofluvial sands and gravels, marine silty clay, sands and gravels, peats and alluvial deposits.
The lower till, Anqe , whtch Gardien Till, was emplaced by ice flowing from the northeast and may correlate with Malone Til is considered Middle Wisconsinan in age. During and following retreat, thin, stratified sediments were deposited. Ice re-covered the are a, forming a layer of till of irregular
thickness. This till correlates with at least the upper part of Gentilly Till whose age extends from the late Middle Wisconsinan through most of Late Wisconsinan. A glacial lake, with shorelines as high as 245 m, formed during deglaciation. The Champlain Sea, which occupied approximately 7 5% of
the region, was present between 12 500 and 9 600 BP and reached a maximum elevation of 190 m. Regression of the Champlain Sea was caused by isostatic rebound with an upward coarsening sequence of sediments being deposited. Peat bogs developed in structural depressions beginning around 8 000 BP.
Three principal Holocene erosional scarps are present in the vicinity of Yamaska River.
Terrain Inventory and Quaternary History of Nahanni map area, Yukon Territory and Northwest Territories
Authors: Jackson L E
Published: October 2013

The Nahanni map area was intensely glaciated during the McConnell Glaciation. At the climax of this glaciation, one or more ice centres existed over the area. Clirrax ice flow directions were controlled by underlying topography although flow directions east of
the Continental Divide were commonly opposed ta present surface drainage directions; ice streams flowed west across the Continental Divide and north into the Keele River basin. The surficial deposits and landforms were deposited almost entirely during the McConnell Glaciation or during postglacial
time. Till is the most widespread glacial deposit and commonly occurs as blankets and veneers over bedrock. Glaciofluvial deposits are predominantly gravels and are common in most valleys as kames, eskers, and planar deposits. Gtaciolacustrine silts and clays occur where glacial ice impeded drainage
during deglaciation. These deposits commonly contain massive ground ice and consequently are subject ta retrogressive thaw sliding. Rock glaciers display evidence of either present or past downslope movement. Active rock glaciers contain ice either in interstices or as an ice core. Flow velocities
of more than 2 m/a have been documented in the Nahanni area. Colluvial deposits and their landforms form the largest nonglacial category in the study area. Pecause they are formed by a continuous spectra of chiefly nonfluvial processes, they intergrade; for example, a continuous series of landforms
exists between talus canes and colluvial fans and between felsenmeer and soli fluction deposits. Rockfall is the most significant form of slope failure. Only a few large landslides have occurred in the map area. Fluvial deposits, predominantly gravels, form fans and floodplains, or are terraced.
Floodplains may contain a significant component of fine lacustrine sediments - primarily silts and clays; these may contain clear ice lenses and develop thermokarst. Much of the volume of alluvial fans and terraced gravels was deposited during early postglacial time when rates of sediment transport
were conditioned by glaciation rather than by the present erosional regime. Organic deposits occur in floodplains, paludifying lakes, and as blanket bog. These deposits usually contain clear ice lenses which are subject ta growth, accompanied by heave, and collapse; they are particularly sensitive
ta disturbance.
Geological Survey of Canada Radiocarbon Dates XXVII
Authors: Blake W
Published: October 2013

This list presents 380 radiocarbon age determinations made by the Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory. Age determinations (323) on geological samples from various areas are as follows: Newfoundland (24); Nova Scotia (2); New Brunswick (2); Quebec (15); Ontario (36);
Manitoba (12); British Columbia (57); Yukon Territory (10); Northwest Territories, main/and (43); Northwest Territories, Arctic Archipelago (121); Washington (1). Age determinations (57) on archeological samples are as follows: Newfoundland (1 ); Labrador (3); Nova Scotia (1 ); Ontario (5);
Northwest Territories, Arctic Archipelago (47). Tables 1 and 2 summarize details of background and standard for the 2 L and 5 L counters during the period from August 1, 1986 to November 17, 1986; Table 3 gives the number of counts used to determine the average background and standard counting
rates; and Table 4 lists the number of different background and standard gas preparations used for counting.
Indicator minerals in till and bedrock samples from the Pine Point Mississippi Valley-type district, Northwest Territories
Authors: Oviatt N M , McClenaghan M B , Paulen R C , Gleeson S A , Averill S A , Paradis S
Published: October 2013

An indicator mineral study was conducted within the Pine Point Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) district in Northwest Territories to document the abundance, morphology, size and, chemistry of the indicator minerals present in the deposits and in till down-ice of the
deposits. Till and bedrock samples for this study were collected in 2010 and 2011. Heavy mineral concentrates (specific gravity >3.2) were isolated from till samples and indicator minerals were picked from this fraction. Indicator minerals identified for the Pine Point MVT deposits
include sphalerite, galena, smithsonite, cerussite, and pyrite. Sphalerite and galena are the most useful indicator minerals because they are the most abundant in ore and till samples down-ice and they are sufficiently physically robust that they survive glacial transport.
Radiographically Occult Latent Radiogenic Osteosarcoma Uncovered on Tc-99m Methylene-diphosphonate Bone Scintigraphy
Authors: Jolepalem Prashant , Yeow Raymond Y. , Cosner Diane , Seitz John P.
Published: October 2013

We present a case of a 70-year-old male who was referred for a technetium-99m methylene-diphosphonate bone scan for mild left hip pain and an elevated alkaline phosphatase level of 770 units/L. No additional information was provided and the patient's history was limited due to a language barrier. We were able to ascertain that the patient had a remote history of prostate cancer, which had been treated with radiation. Originally, we felt the bone scan was compatible with Paget's disease; however, further work-up revealed the presence of osteosarcoma, which was potentially radiation-induced.
Scrub Typhus Meningitis or Meningoencephalitis
Authors: Kim Dong-Min , Chung Jong-Hoon , Yun Na-Ra , Kim Seok Won , Lee Jun-Young , Han Mi Ah , Lee Yong-Bok
Published: October 2013

Orientia tsutsugamushi induces vasculitis leading to symptoms of systemic organ invasion including meningitis and meningoencephalitis. We conducted a retrospective case-control study of scrub typhus patients to investigate the clinical and laboratory features of patients with scrub typhus meningitis or meningoencephalitis, and the therapeutic outcomes, and to determine the predictor factors. Cases were 22 patients with scrub typhus meningitis or meningoencephalitis, and controls were 303 patients without meningitis or meningoencephalitis. Multivariate analysis showed that the presence of pneumonitis was associated with the occurrence of scrub typhus meningitis and meningoencephalitis (odds ratio [OR] 8.9; P < 0.001; confidence interval [CI] 2.9–27.2). Although appropriate antimicrobials such as doxycycline agents were administered at an early stage, meningitis or meningoencephalitis still occurred in some cases. Physicians should be aware that meningitis or meningoencephalitis may develop during appropriate drug therapy such as doxycycline. Close observation and great care are essential for patients with risk factors, particularly pneumonitis.
Investigation of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Transmission from Patients to Relatives: A Prospective Contact Tracing Study
Authors: Gozel Mustafa Gokhan , Bakir Mehmet , Oztop Atifet Yasemin , Engin Aynur , Dokmetas Ilyas , Elaldi Nazif
Published: October 2013

We investigated the possibility of transmission of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus through respiratory and physical contact. In this prospective study, we traced 116 close relatives of confirmed CCHF cases who were in close contact with the patients during the acute phase of the infection and evaluated the type of contact between patients and their relatives. These relatives were followed for clinical signs or symptoms indicative of CCHF disease, blood samples of those with and without clinical signs were analyzed for CCHF virus immunoglobulin M and G (IgM and IgG, respectively) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. No close relatives developed any signs or symptoms of CCHF and were negative for CCHF virus IgM and IgG. The results suggest that CCHF virus is not easily transmitted from person to person through respiratory or physical contact.
Throat Swab Samples for Diagnosis of Q Fever
Authors: Angelakis Emmanouil , Mediannikov Oleg , Stein Andreas , Bassene Hubert , Sokhna Cheikh , Raoult Didier
Published: October 2013

Oropharyngeal swabs collected from patients with Q fever from France and from febrile patients from Senegal were tested by molecular assays for Coxiella burnetii. One positive result (0.08%) occurred for only one patient with acute Q fever. Throat swabs cannot replace blood serum samples as diagnostic tools for Q fever.
Determination of meteor-head echo trajectories using the interferometric capabilities of MAARSY
Authors: Schult C. , Stober G. , Chau J. L. , Latteck R.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. During the flight of a meteoroid through the neutral atmosphere, the high kinetic energy is sufficient to ionize the meteoric constituents. Radar echoes coming from plasma irregularities surrounding the meteoroids are called meteor-head echoes, and can be detected by HPLA radar systems. Measurements of these echoes were conducted with MAARSY (Middle Atmosphere Alomar Radar System) in December 2010. The interferometric capabilities of the radar system permit the determination of the meteor trajectories within the radar beam with high accuracy. The received data are used to gain information about entry velocities, source radiants, observation heights and other meteoroid parameters. Our preliminary results indicate that the majority of meteors have masses between 10−10 and 10−3 kg and the mean masses of the sporadic meteors and Gemenids meteors are ∼10−8 kg.
DEVELOPMENT OF NEW HYPERSPECTRAL ANGLE INDEX FOR ESTIMATION OF SOIL MOISTURE USING IN SITU SPECTRAL MEASURMENTS
Authors: Mobasheri M. R. , Bidkhan N. G.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. Near-surface soil moisture is one of the crucial variables in hydrological processes, which influences the exchange of water and energy fluxes at the land surface/atmosphere interface. Accurate estimate of the spatial and temporal variations of soil moisture is critical for numerous environmental studies. On the other hand, information of distributed soil moisture at large scale with reasonable spatial and temporal resolution is required for improving climatic and hydrologic modeling and prediction. The advent of hyperspectral imagery has allowed examination of continuous spectra not possible with isolated bands in multispectral imagery. In addition to high spectral resolution for individual band analyses, the contiguous narrow bands show characteristics of related absorption features, such as effects of strong absorptions on the band depths of adjacent absorptions. Our objective in this study was to develop a new spectral angle index to estimate soil moisture based on spectral region (350 and 2500 nm). In this paper, using spectral observations made by ASD Spectroradiometer for predicting soil moisture content, two soil indices were also investigated involving the Perpendicular Drought Index (PDI), NMDI (Normalized Multi-band Drought Index) indices. Correlation and regression analysis showed a high relationship between PDI and the soil moisture percent (R2 = 0.9537) and NMDI (R2 = 0.9335). Furthermore, we also simulated these data according to the spectral range of some sensors such as MODIS, ASTER, ALI and ETM+. Indices relevant these sensors have high correlation with soil moisture data. Finally, we proposed a new angle index which shows significant relationship between new angle index and the soil moisture percentages (R2 = 0.9432).angle index relevant bands 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 MODIS also showing high accuracy in estimation of soil moisture (R2 = 0.719).
Extraction of Accidents Prediction Maps Modeling Hot Spots in Geospatial Information System
Authors: Shad R. , Mesgar A. , Moghimi R.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. In streets and intersections, identification of critical accident-prone points has an important role in using the acceptable model and method in order to decrease the probability of accident occurrence. for this purpose, deviate the factors affecting accidents and study each individually and collectively with the aid of the arithmetic operators is able to calculate and implement different extent of the effect and role of each of them. hence, different theoretical and practical solutions are provided in order to guarantee more safety and improve traffic conditions in transportation system, and the main factors affecting accidents in intersections are identified. so, in this paper, to help guarantee safety in mashhad transportation system, the capabilities of geographic information system are used in order to estimate and predict the probability of accident occurrence in intersections. in this respect, the statistical data obtained from traffic observations and urban transport are gathered, and, by using arithmetic and statistical operators such as density estimation and interpolation methods, the data preparation processes are exercised in accordance with the needs and standards. then, with the aid of an integrated model of the probability of accident occurrence and considering experimental opinions of the experts, the probability of accident occurrence in intersections is identified and evaluated. finally, the results obtained are compared with the frequency of accidents recorded in the control points, and the model validity level is determined. these results can improve transportation system and provide desirable solutions for control, monitoring, and management of accidents.
Fuzzy Logic-Supported Detection of Complex Geospatial Features in a Web Service Environment
Authors: He L. L. , Di L. P. , Yue P. , Zhang M. D.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. Spatial relations among simple features can be used to characterize complex geospatial features. These spatial relations are often represented using linguistic terms such as near, which have inherent vagueness and imprecision. Fuzzy logic can be used to modeling fuzziness of the terms. Once simple features are extracted from remote sensing imagery, degree of satisfaction of spatial relations among these simple features can be derived to detect complex features. The derivation process can be performed in a distributed service environment, which benefits Earth science society in the last decade. Workflow-based service can provide ondemand uncertainty-aware discovery of complex features in a distributed environment. A use case on the complex facility detection illustrates the applicability of the fuzzy logic-supported service-oriented approach.
A Global "Natural" Grid Modeling Method Based on Terrain Topological Structure
Authors: Wang H. B. , Zhao X. S. , Wang L. , Ma X. N.
Published: October 2013

Abstract. In this paper, a Global "Natural" Grid (GNG) modeling method based on the terrain topological structure is proposed. GNG partitions the earth surface into "natural" cells by using the natural terrain feature elements, which may be more suitable for exploring and understanding some natural phenomena in the environment monitoring, hydrological analysis, species distribution, etc. This modeling method mainly consists of three steps: firstly, a variable-resolution geometric representation of global DEMs based on the restricted quadtree is constructed; secondly, the feature elements are extracted and an original GNG model is built; finally, a multi-resolution representation of GNG is established by recursively applying topological simplification. In the end, an experiment is done to validate the correctness and feasibility of this modeling method.