bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VWCE Serves as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and is Associated With Immune Infiltrates in Breast Cancer
Authors: Huo Qin , Li Zhenwei , Xie Ni
Published: October 2020

Background: Von Willebrand Factor C and EGF Domains (VWCE) is an important gene that regulates cell adhesion, migration, and interaction. However, the correlation between VWCE expression and immune inﬁltrating in breast cancer remain unclear. In the study, we investigated the correlation between VWCE expression and immune infiltration levels in breast cancer.Methods: VWCE expression was analyzed by the tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER) and DriverDB database. Furthermore, genes co-expressed with VWCE and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis were investigated by the STRING and Enrichr web servers. Also, we performed the single nucleotide variation (SNV), copy number variation (CNV), and pathway activity analysis by GSCALite. Subsequently, the relationship between VWCE expression and tumor immunity was analyzed by TIMER and TISIDB database, and further verified the results using immunohistochemistry. Results: The results showed that the expression of VWCE mRNA in breast cancer tissue was significantly lower than that in normal tissue. We found that the expression level of VWCE was associated with subtypes, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) status of patients with breast cancer, while no significant expression difference of VWCE mRNA was found in age and nodal status. Further analyses indicated that VWCE was correlated with the activation or inhibition of multiple oncogenic pathways. Additionally, VWCE expression showed negatively correlated with the expression of STAT1 (Th1 marker, r = -0.12, p = 6e-05), but positively correlated with the expression of MS4A4A (r = 0.28, p = 0). These results suggested that the expression of VWCE was significantly correlates the immune infiltration levels of Th1 and M2 macrophage in breast cancer. Conclusions: The high expression of VWCE indicates a better prognosis and associated with immune infiltration in breast cancer. These findings demonstrate that VWCE is a potential prognostic biomarker correlated with tumor immune cell infiltration, and maybe a promising therapeutic target in breast cancer.
PD-L1 expression in anogenital and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas associated with different clinicopathological features, HPV status and prognosis: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Ying , Qin Yuan , Luan Jiaochen , Zhou Xiang
Published: October 2020

BackgroundLittle research has been done on clinicopathological characteristics and human papillomavirus (HPV) status of anogenital and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) with a strong expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in tumor cells. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive research in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases up to September 30th, 2019. The effect size was hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for overall survival (OS), cancer specific survival (CSS), disease free survival (DFS). The pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95%CI were used to assess the association between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features along with HPV status.ResultsA total of 2003 cases (944 anogenital and 1059 oropharynx SCC patients) were included. High PD-L1 expression in anogenital SCC cases were associated with advanced age (OR=1.63, 95%CI:1.04-2.58) and HPV negativity (OR=0.47,95%CI:0.31-0.71). Besides, PD-L1 positive anogenital SCC cases held a significant declined OS (HR=2.18, 95%CI:1.37-3.47) and CSS (HR=2.45, 95%CI:1.30-4.65). For oropharynx SCC, PD-L1 was more frequent in younger and HPV positive patients (OR=0.60, 95%CI:0.37-0.98; OR=3.01, 95%CI:1.78-5.09) and PD-L1 expression was relevant to better OS and DFS (HR=0.76, 95%CI:0.60-0.97; HR=0.50, 95%CI:0.33-0.75).ConclusionsThe meta-analysis demonstrated that in anogenital SCC, PD-L1 positivity had to do with a worse outcome, which might attribute to advanced age, higher tumor grade, lymph node metastasis and HPV negativity, while in oropharynx cancer, PD-L1expression was related to better prognosis for the reason that PD-L1 was less frequent in the aged and negative HPV status.
MicroRNA-1252-5p, regulated by Myb, inhibits invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of pancreatic cancer cells by targeting NEDD9 
Authors: Xue Yuzheng , Wu Tielong , Sheng Yingyue , zhong Yao , Hu Benshun , Bao Chuanqing
Published: October 2020

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to be involved in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer (PAC). The expression level and role of miR-1252-5p in PAC remain unclear. Methods: qRT-PCR and in situ hybridization were used to detect miR-1252-5p expression in PAC cells and tissues. Associations between miR-1252-5p expression and clinical characteristics or overall survival (OS) were assessed based on 102 patients with PAC who underwent surgical resection. Gain and loss of function of miR-1252-5p was studied in the PAC cell lines, Panc-1 and BxPC 3 in vitro and in vivo. The direct targets of miR-1252-5p were analyzed using public databases and a dual-luciferase reporter assay.Results: The expression levels of miR-1252-5p are downregulated in PAC cell lines and tissue samples compared to control, and its expression is negatively associated with adverse clinical features and poor prognosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that miR-1252-5p overexpression inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of PAC cells, whereas miR-1252-5p knockdown enhances these biological behaviors. In addition, miR-1252-5p negatively regulates neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally downregulated 9 (NEDD9) by directly binding its 3'-UTR. NEDD9 restoration at least partially abolishes this effect of miR-1252-5p in PAC cells. Further mechanistic study revealed that the SRC/STAT3 pathway is involved in miR-1252-5p/NEDD9 mediation of biological behaviors in PAC. We also verified that Myb inhibited miR-1252-5p by directly binding at its promoter.Conclusion: MiR-1252-5p may act as a tumor-suppressing miRNA in PAC and may be a potential therapeutic target for PAC patients.
Identification of Gene-specific DNA Methylation Signature Between the Crohn’s Disease and Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Lin Daopo , Zhu Haoqi , Ma Guolong , Shao Xiaoxiao , Jiang Yi
Published: October 2020

Background: Crohn’s disease (CD) is a dynamic, chronic inflammatory condition that is closely related to an increased incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the underlying pathophysiology remains still unclear. The present study was planned to explore the gene-specific DNA methylation signature between the CD and CRC and, therefore, to discover potential biomarkers during the initiation and progression of CRC. Methods: DNA methylation data of CD were extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, while the microarray data of CRC were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The differentially methylated genes (DMGs) were screened between diseases group and normal controls. Using the coexisted DMGs in CD and CRCs, we further performed a series of functional enrichment analyses. Then correlation analysis for DNA methylation and mRNA expression was conducted. Next, we analyzed another two independent data sets from GEO to confirm the expression levels of the hub genes between CD and CRC.Results: Totally 4301 DMGs were screened from CD samples compared with healthy control samples, while 2076 DMGs were discovered between CRC tissues and the control specimens. 180 DMGs coexisted in CD and CRC, including 72 comethylated genes. Hypermethylation genes were mostly involved in cAMP signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway and calcium signaling pathway. Hypomethylation genes were related to pathways as tryptophan metabolism. Correlation analysis for DNA methylation and mRNA expression data showed that 31 gene methylation status was negatively correlated with their mRNA expression. Moreover, two genes were found to associate with the initiation and progression of CD and CRC. Conclusions: Our results suggested that ISX and SULF1 gene were discovered to be related to the occurrence and development of CD and CRC, and SULF1 may function as a signature for prognosis for CD-related CRC.
Important differences in cardiovascular autonomic control of hypertensive middle-aged women and men – a critical appraisal
Authors: Philbois Stella Vieira , Facioli Tábata Paula , Gastaldi Ada Clarice , Rodrigues Jhennyfer Aline Lima , Fares Thauane Hanna , Rodrigues Karine Pereira , Souza Hugo Celso Dutra
Published: October 2020

BackgroundNormotensive women before menopause showed a vagal predominance of cardiac autonomic modulation, while age-matched men showed a sympathetic modulation predominance. However, some women develop systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) even with preserved ovarian function. Our hypothesis is that these women may have cardiovascular autonomic parameters like those of hypertensive men, even when subjected to pharmacological treatment. We aim to investigate the cardiovascular autonomic modulation balance and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in hypertensive women with preserved ovarian function and age-matched men.MethodsOne hundred volunteers between 18 and 45 years of age, were assigned to two groups of fifty: Hypertensive group, with a SAH history for at least 6 months (25 men and 25 women) treated with monotherapy (losartan, 25-50mg/kg) and normotensive group (25 men and 25 women). Anthropometric, hemodynamic, metabolic, and autonomic cardiovascular assessments were performed focusing: BRS, autonomic modulation of heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure variability (BPV).ResultsThe results showed that HRV analysis, women showed higher values ​​of HF oscillations in absolute and normalized units, and lower values ​​of LF in normalized units and LF/HF ratio compared to men. When normotensive and hypertensive groups were compared, hypertensive groups showed lower values ​​of total variance, LF and HF bands in absolute units. There were similar in BPV. However, hypertensive groups showed lower BRS values when compared to normotensive group.ConclusionThe results indicate that hypertensive groups even with blood pressure controlled through pharmacological treatment, continued to have reduced HRV than normotensive, and hypertensive women have minor cardiovascular autonomic impairment than men.
Growth of D614G Virus : Morgan – Morgan – Finney ( MMF ) Regression 
Authors: DATTA JAYDIP
Published: October 2020

In our earlier work [ 1 , ] a correlation was established between Infection fatality rate ( IFR ) vs age of the patient by logistic or sigmoid regression model . The regression model shows a more probable IFR with a sigmoid rise after 46 yrs and becoming most significant after 70 yrs and above . In the present study the frequency of infected patient by ‘ G ‘ type of mutants of SARS-COV-2 with time from Jan ,2020 to June ,2020 for 6.5 months duration of experimental study . The best fit analysis is compared to Morgan – Morgan – Finney ( MMF ) model ( 3,4 ) statistics and Polynomial regression model . Both the above model correlates a significant result with Pearson coefficient ( r ) , Probability ( p-value ) .
Agricultural subsidies and global greenhouse gas emissions
Authors: Vos Rob , Laborde David , Martin William J. , Pineiro Valeria , Mamun Abdullah
Published: October 2020

Agricultural production is both strongly affected by climate change and a major contributor to climate change, with agriculture and land use change accounting for around a quarter of total global emissions of greenhouse gases. Agricultural production benefits from substantial government support, costing around US$600 billion per year worldwide. These subsidies clearly affect greenhouse gas emissions by influencing the composition and location of output, and production practices, but no rigorous quantification of these impacts have been available to date. This article fills this void. Overall, we find small impacts of agricultural support programs on output and hence on emissions. Abolishing support altogether thus would do little to reduce global emissions from agriculture. In fact, paradoxically, it could even increase emissions. A repurposing of support towards incentives for more resource-efficient and climate-smart forms of production needs to be considered if this support is to contribute to climate change mitigation, adaptation and food security.
Comparing weight method and float method for pressurised metered dose inhaler as dose counting method.
Authors: Gunasekaran Gobi Hariyanayagam , Arif Syazwan Faiz b. Kamal Al , Gunasekaran Shargunan Selvanthan , Gunasekaran Sera Selvanthan Sundram
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCTION Pressurised metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) are not equipped with dose counters, so estimating the actuation remaining is difficult. We compared weight method and float method in estimating the actuation remaining in discarded pMDIs.METHODOLOGY Used non-metered pMDIs were collected from Pharmacy department Hospital Seri Manjung from June to Dec 2018. Each of the returned canister was evaluated using float and weight method to predict the balance actuation in the canister. For the float test, the canister was placed in a container of water. Based on its position in the water, the pMDI was categorised as 1=empty, 2=¼ full, 3=½ full, 4=¾ full, or 5=full. For the weight method, canisters were weighed, and actuation remaining were calculated using a linear regression equation where the general equation is: Actuation remaining = Constant + β*pMDI weight, and further categorised as above. The percentage of empty pMDIs between the two methods were compared.RESULTS A total of 4517 pMDIs were returned to the pharmacy, of which 2131 (47%) were salbutamol, 1149 (25%) budesonide, 685 (15%) ipratropium/fenoterol, 340 (8%) innovator fluticasone, 182 (4%) generic fluticasone, and 30 (1%) beclomethasone. Overall, the float method classified 75% pMDIs as empty, compared to 71% by the weight method. The percentage of empty salbutamol, generic fluticasone, and beclomethasone pMDIs were similar between both methods. A higher percentage of budesonide pMDIs were classified as empty by the float method compared to the weight method (62% vs 37%). For ipratropium/fenoterol pMDIs, the float method did not identify any empty canisters, but 82% were classified as empty by the weight method. CONCLUSION This study produced a prediction equation that can be used to estimate remaining actuation in a pMDI based on its weight. There were differences in the identification of empty pMDIs between the float test and the weight method, which varied by drug. The weight method may be a convenience method to be used to measure actuation remaining in pMDIs returned to the pharmacy, as well as patients’ adherence to pMDIs.
Comparison of renal replacement therapy and renal recovery before and during the COVID-19 pandemic- A single centre observational study
Authors: Ryan Rececca , Taylor Isabel , Laing Chris , Singer Mervyn , MacCallum Niall , Arulkumaran Nish
Published: October 2020

Background: To compare differences in indications, management, complications and outcomes of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in COVID-19 patients compared to non-COVID critically ill patients.Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational single centre cohort study in UK. Patients with COVID-19 requiring RRT, compared to consecutive, non-COVID-19 ICU patients requiring RRTResults: Of 154 COVID-19 patients, 47 (30.5%) received continuous venovenous haemofiltration (CVVHF), all of whom required mechanical ventilation and vasopressor support. The requirement for RRT was related to fluid balance rather than azotaemia. Compared to 36 non-COVID-19 patients, those with COVID-19 were younger with a lower serum creatinine on hospital admission, and lesser degrees of metabolic acidosis and lactataemia before initiation of RRT. In addition, the rate of haemofilter circuit clotting was higher and duration of RRT requirement was longer. However, despite lower CVVHF exchange rates with higher serum creatinine levels following RRT initiation in the COVID-19 patients, metabolic abnormalities were corrected. Hospital mortality was 60% among COVID-19 patients requiring RRT, compared to 67% in non-COVID patients (p=0.508), and renal recovery among survivors was similar.Conclusion: The metabolic phenotype in COVID-19 patients requiring RRT differs from non-COVID-19 patients, although outcomes (mortality and renal recovery) are similar.
Endodontic management of maxillary first molar with two palatal canals
Authors: Charu Thanvi  , Deepak Raisingani  , Ashwani B. Prasaad  , Saloni Gattani
Published: October 2020

Having a thorough knowledge about the internal anatomy of a tooth and its possible variations is an important aspect for the success of a root canal therapy. Variations in the number of roots, root canals and configurations affect the treatment outcome. Moreover, missed canals make up for the highest chances of failure of endodontic therapy(1).

 

A maxillary first molar shows lot of variations in the anatomy. Although finding MB2 canal has now become a routine procedure, but variations in the palatal canal is still aberrant which concerns the clinicians. With the advancements in radiographic procedures, it has now become an easy task to look for aberrations in tooth anatomy. One such advancement is the Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) which acts as the third eye for clinicians. It helps in accurate diagnosis and in negotiating the complex morphologic variations in root canals(2).

 

This case report presents the endodontic management of a maxillary first molar presenting with five canals with two palatal canals confirmed with the aid of Cone Beam Computed Tomography.
The Evaluation of apically extruded debris during root canal preparation using Pro-Taper Universal, ProTaper Gold and Reciproc Blue system: An in-vitro comparative Study
Authors: Chandra Padma , Prasad Rajesh , Mishra Surendra Kumar , Chandra Jagdish
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT

Aims & Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the amount of apically extruded debris with four nickel-titanium instruments i.e ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Gold, and Reciproc Blue system, Hand K file System. Methods: Eighty extracted single-rooted mandibular premolar human teeth were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 20). The canals were instrumented using 1 of the following instruments: ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Gold, and Reciproc Blue system, Hand K file System. Apically extruded debris during instrumentation was collected into preweighed Eppendorf tubes. The weight of the extruded debris was calculated by subtracting the weight of the empty tubes from that of the tubes containing the debris. The data were analyzed statistically using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Post-hoc bonferroni test at a significance level of P < .05. Results: All the instrumentation systems resulted in production of extruded debris. The amount of extruded debris was significantly more in Hand K file than PTU, PTG and Reciproc Blue (P<0.05). The PTU system was associated with significantly more extruded debris than the PTG(P=0.041), Reciproc Blue systems (P=`0.011), whereas no significant difference was found in the amount of the debris extruded between PTG and Reciproc Blue (P=0.271). The amount of extruded debris was least in Reciproc Blue in comparison to all used system. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the amount of apically extruded debris registered for the different files tested was highest for hand file, Protaper Universal, followed by the ProTaper Gold and least in Reciproc Blue.
Design and Development of a Web Based Dynamic Assessment System to Increase Students' Learning Effectiveness
Authors: TULUK Arif , YURDUGÜL Halil
Published: October 2020

As Bloom (1984) stated that the way to increase students' achievements with one-to-one tutorial support can be the subject of instructional technologies today. In this context, the aim of the study was to design, develop and improve a web-based dynamic assessment system aimed at contributing to mathematics learning of secondary school students. For this purpose, a teaching environment has been designed in which 5th grade students can test themselves independently of time and place through internet technologies to learn mathematics lesson topics. A web-based environment combining the principles of dynamic assessment and gamification has been developed with the dynamic assessment algorithm developed within the scope of the research. The research is structured in accordance with the “Type 1” study features, one of the developmental research types. During the development of the prototype, pilot implementation was carried out with 47 5th grade students. In addition, focus group discussions were held with 12 students using the system. According to the findings obtained, it was concluded that the secondary school students' success scores constantly increase in each achievement, the instructional guidance they receive in each test decreases continuously and they can perform the next assessment tasks without help. The students stated that they were directed to the correct solution by the system while solving the questions they did not know, the instructional guidances for the solution were very helpful, the visual elements (monkey, robot and banana) were interesting, fun and beautiful and they wanted to use this system in other lessons.
Volatilization of ammonia in tropical soil with different moisture after application of polymer-coated urea
Authors: Miyazawa Mário , Gil Luciano Grillo , Costa Antonio , Júnior Roberto dos Anjos Reis , Tiski Íris
Published: October 2020

Nitrogen fertilizer has a significant participation in the cost of agricultural production. It is less efficient agronomically and requires more studies to find strategies to be absorbed by crop. Polymer-coated urea is an alternative for the production of increased efficiency fertilizers. Validation of this technology should be performed for safe adoption in agriculture. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the nitrogen losses by volatilization of ammonia and the nitrogen contents in the nitric (N-NO3-) and ammoniacal (N-NH4+) forms in the tropical soil after application of urea sources. Three greenhouse experiments with different soil moisture conditions were carried out after application of urea, urea treated with NBPT and urea coated with Policote polymer as treatments. Then volatilization of ammonia, N-NO3- and N-NH4+ contents in the soil was evaluated. The volatilization of ammonia was observed after using Policote-coated urea, which was similar to urea treated with NBPT. However, both of which were lower than that observed under urea application. In dry or very humid soil, the ammonia volatilization rate was low. The reduction of the volatilization of ammonia in the soil with Policote-coated urea was related on the humidity, whereas more effective when the conditions were more propitious to the volatilization of ammonia. The Policote-coated urea increased the content of N-NH4+ in the tropical soil compared to urea. The content of N-NH4+ in the soil was higher than N-NO3- after application of fertilizers due to the low organic matter content.
Expression of antioxidant genes and photosynthetic apparatus in the soybean crop in competition with Italian ryegrass biotypes
Authors: Benemann Daiane de Pinho , Cechin Joanei , Agostinetto Dirceu , Vargas Leandro
Published: October 2020

Crop-weed competition induces stress in plants causing physiological changes which can be evaluated using the RT-qPCR technique. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability of candidate reference genes and measure the relative gene expression of antioxidant enzymes and components of the photosynthetic apparatus in soybean in competition with glyphosate-susceptible and resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using replacement series between soybean and Italian ryegrass biotypes. In this study, candidate reference genes were evaluated for use as controls in RT-qPCR to quantify gene expression. An evaluation was made of genes that encode catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, chlorophyll a/b, phytochrome A and cytochrome P450 at 50 days after emergence of the soybean. The SKIP and GAPDH genes were the most stable for soybean and Italian ryegrass, respectively. The soybean subjected to the interspecific competition with the glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass biotype showed an increase in superoxide dismutase gene expression. The catalase and cytochrome P450 genes were up-regulated in the susceptible biotype while the other genes were down-regulated. However, the soybean crop under interspecific competition with glyphosate-resistant biotye showed as up-regulated for all the genes evaluated. For the photosynthetic apparatus, cytochrome P450 gene was up-regulated under intraspecific competition on both Italian ryegrass biotypes, while the phytochrome A was up-regulated only in the resistant biotype. Thus, the increase in genes investigated represents a potential tool for the genetic improvement of plants to enhance their competitive capacity.
Molecular polymorphism in SSR loci of the RB92579 variety: perspectives for use in sugarcane improvement and industrial sector
Authors: Desordi Rodrigo , Mangolin Claudete Aparecida , Maranho Gustavo Barizon , Maranho Rone Charles , Machado Maria de Fátima Pires da Silva
Published: October 2020

The sugarcane variety RB92579 has excellent agricultural productivity, very low flowering, efficient water use, and a high content of sucrose. Despite its excellent agricultural productivity, the RB92579 has not been used as a direct parent in sugarcane improvement. The main goal of the present study was to investigate polymorphisms at the SSR and EST-SSR loci of the RB92579 sugarcane variety to evaluate its potential for breeding and generating new varieties and to guide better use by the industrial sector. A total of 92 samples of the RB92579 variety were collected from plants in the fourth cutting stage grown in two Brazilian states: Paraná (PR; South region) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS; South-Central region). Four primers for DNA simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and eight primers for expressed sequence tags for simple sequence repeats (EST-SSR) were used for DNA amplification. The polymorphism occurrence in the 12 SSR loci was 28% in the PR and MS populations, with a total of 25 alleles and an average of 2.08 alleles/loci. High values for mean observed heterozygosity, a high value for genetic identity and a low level of population differentiation was found in samples from the PR and MS states. The number of polymorphisms in the EST-SSR and noncoding SSR loci as well as the genetic divergence was low. However, the high heterozygosity in both populations indicates that the RB92579 variety can be used as a parent to generate new cultivars. On the other hand, the low coefficient of genetic divergence and high identity coefficient indicate that there is genetic uniformity; therefore, there is no need for differential industrial adaptations for pretreatment or enzymatic hydrolysis of the sugarcane bagasse from RB92579 at the same cutting stage and planted in the two regions (PR and MS).
Correlation analysis of the SPAD readings and yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) under different agrotechnical conditions
Authors: Pepó Péter
Published: October 2020

We studied the effect of planting method (flat and ridge planting) and row spacing (0.75-1.0 m) on the yield and SPAD readings of sweet potato (Ásotthalmi 12 variety) in a small-plot field experiment in 2017 and 2018. The experiment was set up in lattice design with 4 replications. The SPAD readings of sweet potato were measured four (2017) and three (2018) times during vegetation period (by Konica Minolta 502). A high yield level was reached both in 2017 (23.23-50.69 t ha-1 marketable yield) and 2018 (33.26-47.34 t ha-1) due to the effects of the favourable soil (chernozem), the near-optimal agrotechnical background, irrigation and the warmer-than-average vegetation period. In both years, higher yields were obtained with flat planting and 0.75 m row spacing. The proportion of non-marketable tubers was between 9.97-15.57% in 2017 and 8.65-11.01% in 2018. The SPADmax values were measured in July (39.61-50.31 in 2017) and in August (49.90-55.33 in 2018). Strong correlation observed among SPAD readings, the whole yield and the marketable yield in both years (r = 0.632*, r = -0.664* and r = 0.709**, respectively). Also, a strong correlation was observed between the planting method and the obtained SPAD readings (r = -0.847**, -0.682* in 2017 and r = -0.634*, -0.488 in 2018, respectively), while there was no correlation between row spacing and SPAD readings (r = -0.006NS-0.190NS). Crop year had a strong effect on SPAD readings (r = 0.639**-0.871**).
Coating phosphorus fertilizer with renewable natural polymers
Authors: Ribeiro Vinícius José , Mattiello Edson Marcio , Silva Deusanilde de Jesus , Vergütz Leonardus
Published: October 2020

Low phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) is one of the major reasons of poor production worldwide. Among the various approaches used to enhance PUE, polymer coated fertilizers are relatively a new concept. Its main advantages are that they dissolve slowly and release nutrients to plants gradually during the growing season. Keeping this in view, a study was performed in the laboratory to evaluate polymers coated monoammonium phosphate (MAP) to enhance PUE. Commercial MAP and MAP coated with biodegradable polymers with Krafit black liquor (BL) and cellulose acetate (CA) in the concentration (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 wt % coating). The effectiveness of these coatings was assessed by the electrical conductivity (EC) and phosphorus release (PR) in a kinetic experiment. The kinetic study was carried out in a controlled environment (± 25 °C), following the release pattern of P from 1.5 g of fertilizer in 50 mL of H2O, with and without the coatings. The objective of this work was to study different lignin-based coatings and the phosphorus release behavior of the resulting fertilizer. EC showed to be an effective method of indirect analysis of P releasing from coated MAP. The BL coating presented better results than the CA in terms of controlling the release of P, and the higher the coating ratio (1.0 and 2.0 %) the slower the release of P.
Two contrasting patterns of crop seasonal adaptation revealed by a common garden experiment on flood recession sorghum in the Sahel
Authors: Oberline FOKOU YEMATA , Aziz SAÏDOU Abdoul- , Gabriel KANMEGNE , Orphé BERKOULA , Alain AUDEBERT , Bassirou SINE , Daniel FONCEKA , Hélène I JOLY
Published: October 2020

Studying seasonal adaptation is of great importance for understanding crop diversification. The biological process of seasonal adaptation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.) allowed the development of flood recession agrosystems in the Sahel (West and Central Africa). To analyze the patterns of trait variation linked to this poorly documented process, we evaluated and compared four eco-seasonal groups of sorghum originating from seasonally diversified agrosystems in the same cropping conditions. The muskuwaari and samme groups are composed of landraces adapted to flood recession agrosystems in the Lake Chad Basin (43 accessions) and the Senegal River Valley (14 accessions), respectively. The other two groups are composed of varieties commonly grown in the rainy season (19 accessions from the Lake Chad Basin and 24 accessions from the Senegal River Valley and and surrounding regions). Multivariate analyses based on ten agro-morphological traits structured the sample in two main clusters subdivided into four subclusters. This structure was significantly associated with the eco-seasonal groups, highlighting muskuwaari differentiation. Five traits (head appearance, leaf length, leaf number, aboveground biomass, and the root mass to aboveground biomass ratio) supported the differentiation of eco- seasonal groups and backed the hypothesis of seasonal adaptive divergence of sorghum in the Lake Chad Basin. No trait differentiation was detected in the samme group, suggesting that seasonal adaptation in the Senegal River Valley might probably be associated with population plasticity existing in the rainy season groups. These experimental evidences provide new insights for understanding scenarios of seasonal adaptation of sorghum.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DAS CUMARINAS PARA A QUÍMICA MEDICINAL E O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE COMPOSTOS BIOATIVOS NOS ÚLTIMOS ANOS
Authors: Franco Daiana , Pereira Thiago , Vitorio Felipe , Nadur Nathalia , Lacerda Renata , Kümmerle Arthur
Published: October 2020

Coumarins are natural products characterized as 2H-chromen-2-one, according to IUPAC nomenclature, largely distributed in plants, as well as, in species of fungi and bacteria. Nowadays, many synthetic procedures allow the discovery of coumarins with expanded chemical space. The ability to exert non-covalent interactions with many enzymes an receptors in living organisms lead the coumarins to exhibit a wide range of biological activities and applications. Then, this manuscript provides an overview of the use of coumarin compounds in medicinal chemistry in treating many diseases. Important examples of the last years have been selected concerning the activities of coumarins as anticoagulant, anticancer, antioxidant, antiviral, antidiabetics, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-neurodegenerative agents. Thus, this work aims at contributing to the development of new rational research projects searching for new treatments and bioactive compounds for many pathologies using coumarin derivatives.
HUISGEN AND HIS ADVENTURES IN A PLAYGROUND OF MECHANISMS AND NOVEL REACTIONS
Authors: Gonzaga Daniel , Forezi Luana , Lima Carolina , Ferreira Patricia , Silva Fernando , Ferreira Vitor
Published: October 2020

The death of professor Rolf Huisgen (1920-2020) was announced on March 26th 2020, in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. Professor Huisgen was professor emeritus at the University of Munich in Germany, and studied in detail the mechanism of the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction, significantly expanding its scope. Even though he did not discover this reaction, it was through his studies that it became important in organic synthesis. Indeed, in honor of his work, the reaction became known as Huisgen’s cycloaddition and it has been consolidated as a useful method for the preparation of five-membered heterocyclic compounds. Considering these facts, in this review we provide an overview on the applications of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions, starting with the seminal examples in the field and further discussing the most recent applications.
Zonation of flood prone areas by an integrated framework of a hydrodynamic model and ANN
Authors: Singh Ravindra Kumar , Soni Ashish , Kumar Satish , Pasupuleti Srinivas , Govind Vasanta
Published: October 2020

Limited flood zoning regulations and lack of flood control response units in developing countries make flood problems more severe. This study presents a new framework for categorizing a floodplain into critical risk zones by considering hydraulic and topographical aspects related to flood zoning. The framework was developed by integrating output of the MIKE Hydro River Model with an artificial neural network (ANN) technique which was explored in the lower part of Damodar river basin (Jharkhand, India). A total of nine flood causing factors were selected in three layers of ANN architecture which were optimized by a grid search technique. A confusion matrix was employed to check the unevenness and disproportionality in datasets from which were calculated F1 score values for low (0.815), moderate (0.731), high (0.818) and critical (0.64) zones with best overall accuracy of 75.06%. The results were presented in a GIS environment which shows the model correctly predicted 16, 38, 54 and 24 sites under critical, high risk, moderate risk and low risk zones respectively. Elevation and distance from the river were the most sensitive parameters. Further, this study contributes towards flood susceptibility mapping thereby supporting hydrologists in the course of action and decisions for combating floods in watersheds.
Ortaokul 6 ve 7. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Bilimsel Epistemolojik İnanç Düzeyi
Authors: CAN Şendil , ÇELİK Cüneyd
Published: October 2020

Bilgi nedir? Nasıl oluşturulur? gibi bu tür sorularla ilgilenen felsefe dalı epistemolojidir. Ortaokul öğrencileri açısından bakıldığında ise öğrencilerin bilimsel bilgiye ilişkin görüşlerinin ne olduğu sorusu önem kazanmaktadır. Bu da bilimsel epistemolojik inançlar olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bilimsel epistemolojik inançlar, bilimin ve geçerli-güvenilir bilimsel bilginin ne olduğu, nasıl üretildiği ve nasıl paylaşıldığı gibi konularda bireylerin felsefi anlayışlarını yansıtmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ortaokul 6 ve 7. sınıf öğrencilerinin Bilimsel Epistemolojik İnançlarını belirlemektir. Muğla İl Merkezindeki iki ortaokulda öğrenim görmekte olan 285 öğrenci araştırmanın örneklem grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak "Bilimsel Epistemolojik İnançlar Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında 6 ve 7. sınıf öğrencilerinin hem Bilimsel Epistemolojik İnançlarının hem de Bilimsel Epistemolojik İnançları oluşturan alt boyutlarının cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi ve 1. dönem fen bilimleri dersi karne notu değişkenlerine göre nasıl farklılık oluşturduğu sınanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre kız öğrencilerinin erkek öğrencilere göre, 6. sınıf öğrencilerinin ise 7. sınıf öğrencilerine göre Bilimsel Epistemolojik İnançları daha yüksek bulunmuştur.
O espaço reservado à formação de professores em uma Comunidade Kaingang
Authors: Avila Neto de Farias Ariane , Martins Pereira Ânderson , Tatsch Menezes Juliana
Published: October 2020

O artigo tem como objetivo a reflexão acerca da formação de professores que trabalham em escolas indígenas. Assim, buscaremos por meio de questionários apresentados a professores de uma escola localizada em uma comunidade indígena, no município de Redentora, no Rio Grande do Sul, e por meio de estudos bibliográficos, responder como esses obtêm a formação docente, quais os momentos em que foram exigidos a eles uma formação específica, quais são as prioridades do ensino indígena principais e de que maneira a língua portuguesa é trabalhada nessa escola. A partir das entrevistas realizadas, pretendemos verificar se o que determinam os documentos oficiais é de fato posto em prática na realidade escolar.
Sob a ordem do progresso
Authors: Sepúlveda Patrick Moraes
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo tem o intuito de compreender a introdução das teorias antropológicas na cidade do Salvador, em específico, a contribuição do Dr. Nina Rodrigues para a construção do imaginário social entre as décadas finais do século XIX e o início do século XX. Período marcado por mudanças na estrutura social e pela ascensão da classe médica, que sob influência dos vislumbres ideários de progresso alterariam a configuração dos espaços urbanos e consequentemente o cotidiano da população local.
ANÁLISE ATUAL DAS TRAJETÓRIAS OCUPACIONAIS DE TRABALHADORES INFORMAIS DA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL EM BELÉM DO PARÁ (2018)
Authors: Trindade José Raimundo Barreto , De Souza Carla Caroline Barisão
Published: October 2020

A análise das trajetórias ocupacionais de trabalhadores informais constitui uma tarefa fundamental para compreensão das alterações pelas quais o Brasil passa, inclusive considerando a nova realidade que emerge desde as profundas alterações legais, econômicas e sociais ocorridas nos últimos três anos. Os trabalhadores aqui enfocados fazem parte do contingente de força de trabalho informalmente empregada na construção civil, segmento importante da economia brasileira e local.  A pesquisa de campo ocorreu nos meses de setembro e outubro de 2018 em que foram entrevistados 03 (três) trabalhadores homens em suas residências, que aceitaram participar da pesquisa, conforme termo de esclarecimento, assinado por ambas as partes, pesquisador e entrevistado. A questão central que norteou a pesquisa foi: quem são como vivem e o que pensam os trabalhadores informais da construção civil da periferia de Belém? Com base nas entrevistas foi possível estabelecer alguns parâmetros de análise: i) os entrevistados são unânimes em afirmar que as condições de trabalho nas empresas, ou seja, quando os mesmos estiveram empregados formalmente, são muito precárias e não apresentam “vantagens” ao emprego informal, exceto quanto aos aspectos de intermediação e, em alguns casos, a garantia do pagamento do INSS; ii) não há, pelo menos a partir da história de vida dos entrevistados, barreiras técnicas entre a construção civil formal e informal, o que nos remete a duas ordens de questões: primeiro, a baixa tecnicidade da construção civil brasileira ou pelo menos paraense e; segundo, a formação e qualificação dos trabalhadores se dá em grande medida pelo processo de autoaprendizagem; iii) o grau de intensidade no trabalho constitui o ponto central da diferenciação entre um “regime formal ou quase formal” e o “regime informal de trabalho”, porém em ambos os casos as jornadas são superiores as 40 horas semanais tomadas como padrão médio e legal ainda vigente no país.
A REINVENÇÃO DA FORÇA DE TRABALHO EM TEMPOS DE CRISE: AUTONOMIA E PRECARIEDADE
Authors: Gomes Carvalho Rejane
Published: October 2020

Neste artigo discute-se o processo de flexibilização do trabalho e as novas formas de submissão e exploração que reproduzem trabalhadores livres, precários e passivos. O avanço da tecnologia e do sistema de informação vem reforçar a individualização e racionalização do trabalho humano, recriando e ressignificando o lugar do trabalho na vida social. O aumento das ocupações por conta própria, a informalidade do trabalho e o crescimento dos microempreendedores individuais, expressam as condições estruturais de um ambiente econômico em transformação que tende a desenvolver atividades com características de trabalho precário, gerando baixas remunerações e ausência de direitos pelo trabalho, fatores que contribuem para a preservação e reprodução da pobreza e das desigualdades.
Adjusting the Organization-Managerial Sphere in Conditions of New Scientific and Technological Revolution
Authors: Skrug V. S.
Published: October 2020

Setting-up and functioning of state, regional and city bases and banks of data required serious transformation of the whole information sphere. It is necessary to regulate, structure and unify the pattern and content of the principle types of documents and data being collected, to arrange procedures of formation and actualization of data, coordinate the interaction of key data storages. The topicality of the research subject can be explained by the transition stage in scientific and technological development and complicated process of public acceptance of modern drastic innovation. Investigation of interconnection between technical and social progress takes root in works by K. Marx, F. Engels, J. Schumpeter, G. M. Keince. The goal of the research is to study development and perfection of organization-managerial sphere at the stage of new scientific and technological revolution. The author on the basis of collection and summarizing (synthesis), systematization (systematic method) and comparative analysis (complex and comparative and analytical methods) of materials obtained from official information resource and other sources of information analyzes the following aspects of management: organization-structural, functional, informationtechnological and methodological.
Socio-Cultural and Individual-Personality Features of Sportspeople
Authors: Kozhemyako A. S.
Published: October 2020

Today scientific literature pays special attention to assessment of specific features of sportspeople personality. To study different characteristics of sportsperson’ personality a lot of research was done by various sociological and psychological methods. The findings of this research can be helpful for coaches and specialists working with sportspeople. However, these findings cannot provide clear-cut limits for the category “sportsperson’s personality”. The article investigates socio-cultural and personal characteristics of sportspeople on the background of different fields of life. Such spheres as emotional and volitional were discussed. The author using the example of tennis, as an individual sport and football, as the most popular group sport describes progress of sportspeople in their career, shows specific interaction of successful and unsuccessful sportspeople. Apart from that, the difference of personal characteristics in different groups of sportspeople was shown in case of democratic and liberal style of guidance. Differences and similarities of certain criteria with sportspeople of individual and group sports were demonstrated, as well as with successful and unsuccessful sportspeople during their sport career.
Retail Internet Trade in Russia: Standing, Trends and Further Development
Authors: Prokhorov Yu. N. , Karashchuk O. S.
Published: October 2020

The article studies trends in the development of retail internet-trade in Russia based on official statistic data. The research showed that the share of internet-trade in the total retail trade turnover is very low, the target indicators of the Strategy of Trade Development in the Russian Federation up to 2025 were not attained. Only one third of the population use the Internet to buy goods and the average cost of sale per one customer in the network makes up 10 500 rubles a year. Different factors exerted various influence on the dynamics of yearly cost of internetsales per one customer: the growth in the total volume of market (trade turnover) of internet-trade had a positive impact, while a share of the population using the Internet for purchases had an adverse affect. The impact of the corona-virus pandemic, which caused a mass temporary shift to internet buying was not studied in the work. Findings of the analysis gave a chance to ground the conditions of the further development of internet-trade. Among promising conditions the article underlined a growing cover of different regions by the Internet, as this factor is an infrastructural one for building internet-trade. Another promising line in further development of internet-trade is selling goods by mobile applications, as mobile access to the Internet is prevailing for people of the country.