bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Метод побудови запитів до чат-ботів на основі штучного інтелекту
Authors: Кряжич Ольга Олександрівна , Васенко Олександр Васильович , Ісак Людмила Марківна , Бабак Олександр Анатолійович , Грицишин Володимир Омелянович
Published: May 2024

В Інтернет все більшої популярності набувають чат-боти з породжуваль­ним штучним інтелектом (ШІ) — ChatGPT, Gemini, GitHub Copilot та ін. Вони використовуються для навчання та інтелектуального пошуку інформації. Правильно побудований запит дає чіткий результат-відповідь від чат-бота і полегшує процес взаємодії з ним. У роботі математично обґрунтовано метод побудови запитів до чат-ботів з урахуванням особливостей, які дозволяють формувати запит таким чином, щоб у наданій відповіді задовольнялися вимоги до основних властивостей інформації. Крім того, в роботі проаналізовано можливість формування запитів до чат-бота щодо перетворення з використанням нечіткої логіки і побудовою рішень у вигляді лінгвістичних правил-продукцій та подальшої формалізації із застосуванням одного з базових методів наближення для отримання результату за максимумом відповідності. Зокрема, запропоновано алгоритм з десяти базових кроків, за яким реалізується можливість вибору термів лінгвістичних змінних, що з різним ступенем відповідають одній з двох сформованих множин. Терм — це деякий логічний вираз, що стосується об’єкта дослідження. Попередні результати тестування запропонованого методу виявили можливість на 14 % надавати більш точну, достовірну, повну, корисну та зрозумілу відповідь. Витрати часу на підготовку запитів можна мінімізувати шляхом розробки вебсервісів за заданим алгоритмом, які дозволятимуть користувачам отримувати інформаційні масиви для запиту та будувати з них запити за продукційними правилами, що є перспективним напрямом подальших досліджень. Зазначене може бути використане при розробці вебсервісів обробки інформації.
The relationship between industry 5.0 Process and ESG process: A qualitative analysis in the context of Türkiye’s BIST Sustainability 25 Index white good sector
Authors: Yoşumaz İsmail , Uzun Hülya
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the relationship between Industry 5.0 and ESG (Environmental Social Governance) processes. In addition, this study aims to reveal how this relationship is evaluated within the scope of Vestel and Arçelik enterprises in the white goods sector within the scope of the BIST (Borsa Istanbul) Sustainability 25 Index in Türkiye. For this aim, the relationship between Industry 5.0 and ESG processes was first explained using document analysis, one of the qualitative analysis techniques. Then, descriptive content analysis, which is also one of the qualitative analysis techniques, was used to examine the latest annual reports of Vestel and Arçelik, which are in the white goods sector within the scope of the BIST Sustainability 25 Index in Türkiye, published in 2022. For Industry 5.0, Industry 4.0, environment, employees and society, and finally, the resilience of businesses components were considered, while for the ESG process, environmental, social and governance components were emphasised. NVivo (version 14.23.2) software was used for the analysis. As a result of the study, it was determined that there is a close bidirectional relationship between the components in the Industry 5.0 process and the components in the ESG process. In other words, it can be said that investing in ESG processes will contribute positively to the Industry 5.0 process and investing in the Industry 5.0 process will contribute positively to the ESG process. Within the scope of Industry 5.0 and ESG processes, Vestel and Arçelik have similar studies. In addition, this study offers suggestions for developing practices for the ESG process by adapting to technological change.
O sindicalismo e o mundo do trabalho: entrevista com Marcelo Badaró Mattos
Authors: Badaró Mattos Marcelo , Silva de Araújo Cosma , Prado Bezerra Viviane
Published: May 2024

Uberização, gênero, trabalhadores tradicionais, trabalhadores da terra, o sindicalismo, desigualdades, diálogo, pesquisa, capitalismo, empatia. Cada uma destas palavras-chave é fundamental para aqueles que têm interesse pelos estudos acerca do mundo do trabalho. Mais ainda: são temas fundamentais para cada um de nós, trabalhadores, inseridos em uma sociedade em constante transformação, nem sempre (ou quase nunca) para melhor. Pensando nisso, a série Território Científico uniu neste seu 5º volume entrevistas com 11 pesquisadores que se dedicam há anos ao mundo do trabalho e aos trabalhadores. Para melhor conhecermos nossa sociedade, nada melhor do que conhecermos aquilo que a move: o trabalho. Por isso convidamos vocês, caros leitores, a refletirem conosco sobre nossa realidade, que é primeiro passo para que possamos tornar essa transformação mais justa.
Transformações capitalistas e (des)igualdades no mundo do trabalho: entrevista com Márcia de Paula Leite
Authors: de Paula Leite Márcia , Silva Forte Joannes Paulus , Bessa Sales Telma
Published: May 2024

Uberização, gênero, trabalhadores tradicionais, trabalhadores da terra, o sindicalismo, desigualdades, diálogo, pesquisa, capitalismo, empatia. Cada uma destas palavras-chave é fundamental para aqueles que têm interesse pelos estudos acerca do mundo do trabalho. Mais ainda: são temas fundamentais para cada um de nós, trabalhadores, inseridos em uma sociedade em constante transformação, nem sempre (ou quase nunca) para melhor. Pensando nisso, a série Território Científico uniu neste seu 5º volume entrevistas com 11 pesquisadores que se dedicam há anos ao mundo do trabalho e aos trabalhadores. Para melhor conhecermos nossa sociedade, nada melhor do que conhecermos aquilo que a move: o trabalho. Por isso convidamos vocês, caros leitores, a refletirem conosco sobre nossa realidade, que é primeiro passo para que possamos tornar essa transformação mais justa.
UNVEILING INVESTOR SATISFACTION: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCING FACTORS IN THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE
Authors: Nga Cao Phuong , Hoang Thi Thu
Published: May 2024

This article analyzes the factors that affect businesses' satisfaction with the investment environment in Thai Nguyen province. The survey involved 470 managers from three different types of enterprises: state-owned, private, and those with foreign investment. The results reveal several key factors influencing the satisfaction businesses have with the investment environment in Thai Nguyen province. Specifically, these factors include: 1) Management and support from local governments; 2) Living and working conditions; 3) Competitive input costs; 4) Infrastructure and services; 5) Human Resources; and 6) Investment policy. Furthermore, the study has made significant progress in constructing a regression function to describe the influence of survey elements on businesses' satisfaction with the investment environment in Thai Nguyen province. These findings serve as the foundation for proposing solutions to enhance the investment climate in Thai Nguyen province.
DEPARTMENT-SPECIFIC ATTRITION RATE OF EMPLOYEES
Authors: Chirra Rakesh Reddy , P Joseph Ashish
Published: May 2024

Reduction in the number of employees in an organization is referred to as employee attrition. Employee attrition has become a recognized problem for the IT sector over the past 20 years. Workers depart from the company for a variety of reasons. Among the causes include the need for high pay, changes in technology or roles, obstacles in the workplace, etc. High attrition increases the cost of several firm characteristics and functions. The primary cause of this attrition may be a mismatch between employee expectations of the company and those of one another. This study sought to identify both the expectations of employees from the company as well as the reasons for attrition. Non-probability sampling and the quota technique of sampling were used to collect information from the manager of human resources as well as the various divisions inside the organization. Managers and employees shared similar opinions and perspectives on the "professional goals", despite the fact that the data was limited to a small number of IT company employees from Hyderabad. The study arrived at certain conclusions that professional development and organizational problems are the main causes of attrition in IT firms besides economic aspects.
Notas lingüísticas a «Colección diplomática de Irache»
Authors: Michelena Luis
Published: May 2024

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Observaciones sobre el vascuence y el Fuero general de Navarra
Authors: Caro Baroja Julio
Published: May 2024

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Les apellations gasconnes et basques des céréales les plus usuelles
Authors: Polge H.
Published: May 2024

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Is Basque an S. O. V. language?
Authors: De Rijk Rudolf P.G.
Published: May 2024

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The system of the causative verbs in basque
Authors: Silnitski G.
Published: May 2024

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اتجاهات الطلاب نحو قراءة الصحف الورقية والإليكترونية السعودية
Authors: Abdalrazig Abdalhalim Musa Yagoub
Published: May 2024

الأهداف: الغرض من هذه الدراسة هو تعرُّف اتجاهات الطلاب السعوديين إزاء قراءة الصحف المطبوعة والإلكترونية والأسباب الكامنة وراء قراراتهم، إضافة إلى وجود تباينات في مدى التزام كل نوع من أنواع الصحف بهذا الجانب الحاسم من الممارسة المهنية؛ إذ إنّغياب المصداقية والقضايا المهنية في الصحف المطبوعة والإلكترونية ستقود في كثير من الأحيان إلى نشر الشائعات والمعلومات غير الدقيقة.
المنهجية: جُمِعت بيانات الدراسة باستخدام المنهج المسحي من خلال الإجابة عن الاستبانة التي أرسلت إلى عينة مكونة من (360) طالب وطالبة بقسم الإعلام بجامعة الملك فيصل بالمملكة العربية السعودية.
النتائج: توصلت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج، أهمها: عدم وجود علاقة ذات ارتباط بين اتجاهات الطلاب من قراءة الصحف الإلكترونية ومستقبل الصحافة المطبوعة، وكذلك عدم وجود علاقة ذات ارتباط بين اتجاهات الطلاب من قراءة الصحف الإلكترونية ومصداقية الأخبار، كما أن الصحف الإلكترونية تبين أنها أقل ارتباطا بالمصداقية من الصحف المطبوعة وذلك لغياب المؤسسات التي تعتمد على الرقابة من خلال حراس البوابة في كل مؤسسة صحفية.
الخلاصة: مقارنة بالصحف المطبوعة، وجدت الدراسة أن العديد من الصحف الإلكترونية تفتقر إلى المهنية، وتنشر الأخبار المضللة.
Adquisición de habilidades de comunicación mediante simulación clínica: Aspectos destacados por estudiantes de medicina
Authors: Guaresti German , Letón Gabriela , Lautaro Veneziale Juan , Bellotti Mariela
Published: May 2024

Learning communication skills is central in medical education. Clinical simulation provides conditions to foster comprehensive teaching and learning processes, although it is necessary to understand student acceptance as a way to evaluate and improve the strategy. The objective of this study was to analyze the perception of medical students after introducing clinical simulation sessions to optimize the teaching and learning processes of communication skills. The study design is observational, cross-sectional, mixed, and uses census sampling. A survey was conducted through a questionnaire, and a descriptive analysis of the results was performed. The results reveal a generally good perception, where the majority of students highlighted the debriefing space or final reflection (64.8%), while 27.8% valued clinical simulation as a space for applying knowledge and more than 20% referred to the simulation scenario or the experience with a simulated patient. In conclusion, the most notable space was debriefing as an area for reflection and learning, although other appreciated aspects such as the application of knowledge or the use of a simulated patient are also important in understanding clinical simulation as a tool for learning communication skills.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Ulkus Kaki Diabetik Di Poliklinik Kaki Diabetik
Authors: Nurhanifah Dewi
Published: May 2024

Diabetes yang tidak terkontrol dengan baik dapat menimbulkan berbagai komplikasi, salah satunya yaitu ulkus kaki diabetik. Ulkus kaki diabetik adalah kerusakan sebagian atau keseluruhan pada kulit yang dapat meluas ke jaringan bawah kulit, tendon, otot, tulang atau persendian yang terjadi pada seseorang yang menderita penyakit diabetes mellitus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan ulkus kaki diabetik Poliklinik Kaki Diabetik di BLUD Rumah Sakit Ulin Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive samplingdengan sampel sebanyak 50 orang di Poliklinik Kaki Diabetik di BLUD Rumah Sakit Ulin Banjarmasin.Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kuesioner dan observasi.Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor durasi diabetes (p=0,001), usia (p=0,042), dan sensasi (p=0,016) merupakan faktor yang berhubungan dengan ulkus kaki diabetik sedangkan faktor denyut nadi perifer (p=0,186) dan deformitas anatomi (p=0,147) tidak berhubungan dengan ulkus kaki diabetik.
Highly stable Brillouin laser with controllable tuning based on fiber ring resonator
Authors: Liang Min , Liu Wenyao , Pan Ziwen , Wang Rong , Xing Enbo , Zhou Yanru , Tang Jun , Liu Jun
Published: May 2024

The design and fabrication processes of the stimulated Brillouin laser (SBL) are complex, and it is affected by many factors such as temperature and resonance shift. In this study, we have fabricated a Brillouin laser using a fiber ring resonator with Q factor = 7.1 × 108 and resonance depth (h) = 96%. The free spectral range automatic feedback control technology is proposed to realize the accurate matching of the resonant mode and the Stokes mode. The influence of temperature on the SBL frequency shift is suppressed. The fluctuation range of SBL’s frequency decreases by 5 times. The maximum steady state output of the SBL at the best matching position is realized, and the output power fluctuation range decreases by 15 times. The power stability of the SBL reaches 4.85 × 10−6, which is improved by two orders of magnitude. This simple scheme provides convenience for the application of the SBL, such as sensing and other applications.
Readability Analysis of the Book Let's Understand Arabic at MTs DDI Takkalasi, Barru Regency
Authors: Muhammad Saenal  , Darmawati  , Herdah  , Herdah
Published: May 2024

This study discusses the analysis of the readability of the book Let's Understand Arabic at MTs DDI Takkalasi. This study aims to determine the readability level of Arabic textbooks for class VIII students of MTs DDI Takkalasi.
This study used a mixed method with a quantitative and qualitative sequential explanatory design. The location for the research was MTs DDI Takkalasi, Barru district.
Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, several points of conclusion were found, that the results of the readability test using the Cloze Test on thirty class VIII students of MTS DDI Takkalas, found that the average of the six texts tested was included in the category of moderate readability (Instructional) for participants educate.
إعداد المعلم في ضوء رؤية مستقبلية
Authors: أ.م.د.هناء محمود القيسي
Published: May 2024

ﺒدأت ﻗﻀﻴﺔ (إﻋـداد اﻟﻤﻌﻠـم) ﺘﺤظـﻰ ﺒﺎﻫﺘﻤـﺎم ﻏﻴـر ﻤﺴـﺒوق ﺤﻴـث ﻟـم ﺘﻌـد ﺸـﺄﻨﺎً ﺘرﺒوﻴـﺎً
ﻗﺎﺼـ اًر ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟﻤﻬﺘﻤـﻴن واﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼـﻴن ﺒﺈﻋـداد اﻟﻤﻌﻠـم ﻓﺤﺴـب ٬ واﻨﻤـﺎ ﺘﺠﺎوزﺘـﻪ ﻟﺘﺼـﺒﺢ ﺸـﺄﻨﺎً
ﻋﺎﻤﺎً. ﻓﻠﻘد اﻀﺤﻰ واﻗﻊ اﻋداد اﻟﻤﻌﻠم ﺒﻤؤﺴﺴﺎﺘﻪ وﻤﻌﺎﻫدة ﻤن اﺒـرز اﻟﻤﺴـﺎﺌﻝ ﻤﺜـﺎ اًر ﻟﻼﻫﺘﻤـﺎم
واﻟﻨﻘﺎش ﺤﺴﺒﻤﺎ ﺘﺸـﻴر اﻟﻤـؤﺘﻤ ارت واﻟد ارﺴـﺎت واﻟﺘﻘـﺎرﻴر.(اﻟﻤؤﺘﻤر اﻟﺨـﺎﻤس ﻟﻠﺘرﺒـوﻴﻴن اﻟﻌـرب ٬
(١٩٩٣ (واﻟﻤؤﺘﻤر اﻟﺜﺎﻤن ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴن اﻟﻌرب (١٩٩٦ ٬ (ﺘﻘرﻴر اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻝ: ﺘﻐﻴﻴـر اﻟطرﻴﻘـﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ
ﻨﻌد ﺒﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﻌﻠم ( Cooper , 1999 ) واﻟذي اﻨﺘﻘد ﺒﺸدة ﻛﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺘرﺒﻴﺔ ﻓـﻲ اﻟﺠﺎﻤﻌـﺎت اﻟﻛﺒـرى
ﻟﻤـﺎ ﺘﻔـرزﻩ ﻤـن ﻤﻌﻠﻤـﻴن ﻟـم ﻴﺘﻠﻘـوا ﻤﻘـر ارت ﻋﻠﻤﻴـﺔ ﻤﺘﻴﻨـﺔ ٬ اﻻﻤـر اﻟـذي ﻴﺘطﻠـب ﻀـرورة اﻋـﺎدة
اﻟﻨظر ﻓﻲ ﺒ ارﻤﺞ اﻋداد اﻟﻤﻌﻠم .
الاحتراق النفسي لدى مدرسي العلوم الاجتماعية في المدارس
Authors: أ.م.د. قصي عبد اللطيف  , م.م.محمد جواد كاظم
Published: May 2024

ازداد اﻻﻫﺘﻤـــــﺎم ﺒظـــــﺎﻫرة اﻻﺤﺘـــــ ارق اﻟﻨﻔﺴـــــﻲ ﻓـــــﻲ ﻤﻬﻨـــــﺔ اﻟﺨـــــدﻤﺎت وﻻ ﺴـــــﻴﻤﺎ
اﻟﺘﻌﻠـﻴم ٬ وﻴﻤﻛـن ﺘﺤﻴـد ﻫـذﻩ اﻟظـﺎﻫرة اﺠ ارﺌﻴـﺎ ﺒﺄﻨﻬـﺎ اﻟﺘﻐﻴـ ارت اﻟﺴـﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﻓـﻲ اﻻﺘﺠﺎﻫـﺎت واﻟﺴـﻠوك
اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻔرد ﺒوﺼﻔﻬﺎ رد ﻓﻌﻝ ﻟﻀـﻐوط اﻟﻌﻤـﻝ ٬ وﻤـن ﻤظﺎﻫرﻫـﺎ اﻟﻤﻬﻤـﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺴـﺒﻴﻝ اﻟﻤﺜـﺎﻝ
ﻓﻘـدان اﻻﻫﺘﻤـﺎم ﺒﺎﻟﻌﻤـﻝ ﺒطرﻴﻘـﺔ روﺘﻴﻨﻴـﺔ ٬ واﻟـﻨﻘص ﻓـﻲ اﻟداﻓﻌﻴـﺔ ٬ وﻤﻘﺎوﻤـﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴـر ٬ وﻓﻘـدان
اﻻﺒﺘﻛﺎرﻴــﺔ. وﻟﻠﺘﺜﺒــت ﻤــن وﺠــود ظــﺎﻫرة اﻻﺤﺘــ ارق اﻟﻨﻔﺴــﻲ ﺒــﻴن ﻤدرﺴــﻲ اﻟﻌﻠــوم اﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴــﺔ
ﻟﻠﻤرﺤﻠﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻨوﻴﺔ ﺼﻤم اﻟﺒﺎﺤث اﺴﺘﺒﺎﻨﺔ ﺘﺤﺘوي ﻋﻠﻰ (٢٨) ﻓﻘرة ﺘﻨﺎوﻟـت ﻤﺼـﺎدر اﻟﻀـﻐط ﻓـﻲ
 
ﻤﻬﻨﺔ اﻟﺘدرﻴس وﻫذﻩ اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر ﻫﻲ :
-١ ﺴـﻠوك اﻟطـﻼب -٢ . ﻋﻼﻗـﺔ اﻟﻤدرﺴـﻴن ﺒﻌﻀـﻬم ﺒـﺒﻌض -٣ . ﻋﻼﻗـﺔ اﻟﻤدرﺴـﻴن ﺒـﺎﻹدارة .
 
-٤ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ اﻟﻤدرس ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻬﻨﺔ -٥ . اﻟﺼ ارﻋﺎت اﻟذاﺘﻴﺔ -٦ . اﻷﻋ ارض اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻀﻐوط .
وﻟﻺﺠﺎﺒﺔ ﻋن ﺘﺴﺎؤﻻت اﻟﺒﺤث اﺠرﻴت اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺴﺎس اﻟﺠﻨس واﻟﺨﺒرة اﻟﺘدرﻴﺴﻴﺔ
ﻓﻛﺸـﻔت اﻟد ارﺴـﺔ ﻋـن وﺠـود ﻓـروق ﺒـﻴن اﻟـذﻛور واﻹﻨـﺎث ﻤـن اﻟﺘدرﻴﺴـﻴﻴن ﻓـﻲ ظـﺎﻫرة اﻻﺤﺘـ ارق
 
اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ .
وﻷﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻫذا اﻟﻤوﻀوع ﻓﺎﻨﻪ ﻴﺤﺘﺎج اﻟﻰ ﺘرﻛﻴز وﺘﺴﻠﻴط اﻟﻀوء ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻤن ﻗﺒﻝ اﻟﺒﺎﺤﺜﻴن
 
ﻓﻲ اﻻﺨﺘﺼﺎﺼﺎت اﻟﺘرﺒوﻴﺔ واﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ .
التوزيع الزاوي وحساب نسب الخلط المتعدد الاقطاب للانتقالات الكامية في النظير 30 Cu 59 29 المتولدة من التفاعل 30 Cu 59 29  ) (p, 30 Ni 58 28 باستخدام طريقة نسبة a 2 - (a 2 -Ratio) وطريقة الثابت ال
Authors: أ.م.د. سفرة معيلف الشمري
Published: May 2024

اﺴﺘﺨدم ﻓﻲ ﻫذا اﻟﺒﺤث طرﻴﻘﺔ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ a 2 - وطرﻴﻘﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﺒت اﻹﺤﺼﺎﺌﻲ اﻟﺘﻨﺴوري (CST)
 
ﻟﺤﺴـﺎب
 
 
ﻨﺴـب
 
 
اﻟﺨﻠـط
 
 
ﻻﻨﺘﻘـﺎﻻت
 
 
ﻛﺎﻤـﺎ
 
 
ﺒـﻴن
 
 
ﻤﺴـﺘوﻴﺎت
 
 
اﻟطﺎﻗـﺔ
 
 
ﻟﻠﻨظﻴـر
 
 
30
 
 
Cu
 
 
59
29
 
 
اﻟﻤﺘوﻟـدة
 
 
ﻤـن
 
اﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻝ
 
 
اﻟﻨووي
 
 
30
 
 
Cu
 
 
59
29
 
 
 )
 
 
(p,
 
 
30
 
 
Ni
 
 
58
28
 
 
وﻟ ـ 28
 
 
اﻨﺘﻘـﺎﻝ
 
 
ﻛـﺎﻤﻲ
 
 
وﻷوﻝ
 
 
ﻤـرة ٬
 
 
ﺤﻴـث
 
 
أﻛـدت
 
 
اﻟﻨﺘـﺎﺌﺞ
 
اﻟﺘﻲ ﺘم اﻟﺤﺼوﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺼﺤﺔ ﻫذﻩ اﻟطرﻴﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺤﺴـﺎب ﻨﺴـب اﻟﺨﻠـط ٕواﻤﻛﺎﻨﻴﺘﻬـﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟﺘﻨﺒـؤ
 
ﺒوﺠود أي ﺨطﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﺎت اﻟﺘﺠرﻴﺒﻴﺔ.
 
ﺘم ﻤﻘﺎرﻨﺔ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ ﻤﻊ اﻟﻘﻴم اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺘوﻓرة ﻓﻛﺎﻨت ﻤﺘواﻓﻘﺔ ﺒﺸﻛﻝ ﺠﻴد ﺠداً ﻓﻲ اﻏﻠﺒﻬﺎ.
ان ﺒﻌض ﻗﻴم ﻨﺴب اﻟﺨﻠط اﻟﺘﻲ ﺘم ﺤﺴﺎﺒﻬﺎ ﺒﻬذﻩ اﻟطرﻴﻘﺔ ﻛﺎﻨت ﻤﻘﺒوﻟﺔ ﻀﻤن ﻤدى اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺴﺎت
 
اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻛﺎﻻﻨﺘﻘﺎﻝ اﻟﻛﺎﻤﻲ  3  1  ذو اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ (5970 keV) .  2 2 
السلوك الديني لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: د. حيدر كريم سكر
Published: May 2024

ﺘﻌـد ﻓﻛـرة اﻟـدﻴن ﻓﻛـرة ﻗدﻴﻤـﺔ ﻗـدم اﻹﻨﺴـﺎن ﻨﻔﺴـﻪ وﻫـذا ﻤـﺎ أﺸـﺎرت إﻟﻴـﻪ اﻟﻌدﻴـد ﻤـن اﻟد ارﺴـﺎت
اﻻﻨﺜروﺒوﻟوﺠﻴـﺔ وﻛـذﻟك اﻷدﻟـﺔ اﻟﺘـﻲ أوردﻫـﺎ ﻋﻠﻤـﺎء اﻟﺤﻔرﻴـﺎت واﻵﺜـﺎر . وﻴﻌـد اﻟـدﻴن ﻀـرورة
ﻻﻏﻨـﻰ ﻟﻼﻨﺴـﺎن ﻋﻨـﻪ ﻓـﻲ ﺤﻴﺎﺘـﻪ ﺤﻴـث ان اﻻدﻴـﺎن ﺠﻤﻴﻌﻬـﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻟـرﻏم ﻤـن اﺨـﺘﻼف أﺴﺴـﻬﺎ
وﻤﻌﺘﻘداﺘﻬﺎ اﻻ اﻨﻬـﺎ ﺘﺸـﺘرك ﻓـﻲ ﻫـدف واﺤـد ﻫـو ﺘـوﻓﻴر اﻷﻤـن واﻟطﻤﺄﻨﻴﻨـﺔ ﻟﻺﻨﺴـﺎن وﺘﺴـﺎﻋدﻩ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻨظـﻴم ﺤﻴﺎﺘـﻪ اﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴـﺔ وذﻟـك ﻻﻨﻬـﺎ ﺘﺤﺘـوي ﻋﻠـﻰ اﻨظﻤـﺔ وﻤﻨـﺎﻫﺞ ﺘـﻨظم ﺤﻴـﺎة اﻻﻓـ ارد
واﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋــﺎت ﺴــواء ﻛﺎﻨــت ﻓــﻲ اﺤــواﻟﻬم اﻟﺸﺨﺼــﻴﺔ ام اﻻﻗﺘﺼــﺎدﻴﺔ ام اﻻﺠﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴــﺔ
At the Dawn of Generative AI Era: A Tutorial-cum-Survey on New Frontiers in 6G Wireless Intelligence
Authors: Celik Abdulkadir , Eltawil Ahmed M.
Published: May 2024

As we transition from the 5G epoch, a new horizon beckons with the
advent of 6G, seeking a profound fusion with novel communication
paradigms and emerging technological trends, bringing once-futuristic
visions to life along with added technical intricacies. Although
analytical models lay the foundations and offer systematic insights, we
have recently witnessed a noticeable surge in research suggesting
machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) can efficiently
deal with complex problems by complementing or replacing model-based
approaches. The majority of data-driven wireless research leans heavily
on discriminative AI (DAI) that requires vast real-world datasets.
Unlike the DAI, Generative AI (GenAI) pertains to generative models
(GMs) capable of discerning the underlying data distribution, patterns,
and features of the input data. This makes GenAI a crucial asset in
wireless domain wherein real-world data is often scarce, incomplete,
costly to acquire, and hard to model or comprehend. With these appealing
attributes, GenAI can replace or supplement DAI methods in various
capacities. Accordingly, this combined tutorial-survey paper commences
with preliminaries of 6G and wireless intelligence by outlining
candidate 6G applications and services, presenting a taxonomy of
state-of-the-art DAI models, exemplifying prominent DAI use cases, and
elucidating the multifaceted ways through which GenAI enhances DAI.
Subsequently, we present a tutorial on GMs by spotlighting seminal
examples such as generative adversarial networks, variational
autoencoders, flow-based GMs, diffusion-based GMs, generative
transformers, large language models, autoregressive GMs, to name a few.
Contrary to the prevailing belief that GenAI is a nascent trend, our
exhaustive review of approximately 120 technical papers demonstrates the
scope of research across core wireless research areas, including 1)
physical layer design; 2) network optimization, organization, and
management; 3) network traffic analytics; 4) cross-layer network
security; and 5) localization & positioning. Furthermore, we outline
the central role of GMs in pioneering areas of 6G network research,
including semantic communications, integrated sensing and
communications, THz communications, extremely large antenna arrays,
near-field communications, digital twins, AI-generated content services,
mobile edge computing and edge AI, adversarial ML, and trustworthy AI.
Lastly, we shed light on the multifarious challenges ahead, suggesting
potential strategies and promising remedies. Given its depth and
breadth, we are confident that this tutorial-cum-survey will serve as a
pivotal reference for researchers and professionals delving into this
dynamic and promising domain.
Quantification of carbopeaking and CO2 fluxes in a regulated Alpine river
Authors: Dolcetti Giulio , Piccolroaz Sebastiano , Bruno Maria Cristina , Calamita Elisa , Larsen Stefano , Zolezzi Guido , Siviglia Annunziato
Published: May 2024

Carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes in regulated Alpine rivers are driven by
multiple biogeochemical and anthropogenic processes, acting on different
spatiotemporal scales. We quantified the relative importance of these
drivers and their effects on the dynamics of CO2 concentration and
atmospheric exchange fluxes in a representative Alpine river segment
regulated by a cascading hydropower system with diversion, which
includes two residual flow reaches and a reach subject to hydropeaking.
We combined instantaneous and time-resolved water chemistry and
hydraulic measurements at different times of the year identifying the
main CO2 pathways through a one-dimensional transport-reaction model.
The spatiotemporal distribution and drivers of CO2 fluxes depended on
hydropower operations. Along the residual flow reaches, CO2 fluxes were
directly affected by the upstream dams only in the first 2 km downstream
of each dam, where the supply of supersaturated water from the
reservoirs was predominant. Downstream of the hydropower diversion
outlets, the magnitude and dynamics of CO2 fluxes were dominated by
systematic sub-daily peaks in CO2 transport and evasion fluxes
(‘carbopeaking’) driven by hydropeaking. The additional input of CO2
released locally into the river at the hydropower diversion outlet
during hydropeaking matched the amount of CO2 transported, metabolised,
and exchanged with the atmosphere along the whole upstream reach.
Hydropower operational patterns and regulation approaches in Alpine
rivers significantly affect CO2 fluxes and their response to
biogeochemical drivers across different temporal scales. This work
contributes to understanding and quantifying these processes to clarify
the role of natural and anthropogenic drivers in global carbon cycling.
EEG Seizure Detection using Convolutional Neural Network With Grad Cam
Authors: Joseph Liya , Nair Abhinav R , Menacherry Abin Abraham , Francis Antony , K.A. Ashok Gopal
Published: May 2024

The project’s main goal is to employ deep learning techniques to analyze
EEG readings and detect seizure episodes. EEG data is first preprocessed
and split into sets for training and validation. Next, a Convolutional
Neural Network (CNN) model with several convolutional and dense layers
is built. Using an Adam optimizer, binary cross-entropy loss is
optimized as part of the model’s training process. Furthermore,
classification reports and accuracy metrics are used to assess the
performance of the model. Weight extraction from the first convolutional
layer is used to visualize feature importance for interpretability.
Grad-CAM heatmaps are produced to identify the EEG signal regions that
are most important for seizure prediction. This method helps detect
pertinent EEG patterns linked to seizures and comprehend the model’s
decision-making process. All things considered, the experiment shows how
well deep learning works for EEG-based seizure identification and offers
insights into the significance of features using Grad-CAM visualization
approaches. The method has potential for real-time seizure monitoring
and may aid in the creation of assistive devices for the treatment of
epilepsy.
Nonlinear Analysis of the Synchronous Reference Frame Phase-Locked Loop Under Unbalanced Grid Voltage
Authors: Ponomarev Anton , Hagenmeyer Veit , Gröll Lutz
Published: May 2024

The synchronous reference frame phase-locked loop (SRF-PLL), also called
dqPLL, is an electric circuit commonly used in power electronics to
estimate the phase angle of a three-phase AC grid. If the voltage is
unbalanced, the PLL is modeled as a periodically forced nonlinear
oscillator and is known in practice to converge to a steady oscillation.
In the existing literature, the oscillation has been studied via
linearization assuming a low level of unbalance. Aiming for stronger
nonlocal statements, we present nonlinear analysis. We apply the method
of autonomous comparison systems and incremental stability to show that
the steady oscillation is unique and attractive in a wider neighborhood.
Its lock-in domain is estimated using numerical phase portrait analysis.
The oscillation is further approximated up to the terms of the second
order in the unbalance factor – it yields an estimation of the time
average of the PLL’s phase error which is not visible by linearization
only. The results provide stability guarantees and can guide the tuning
of SRF-PLL.
Estado, participación antagonista y democracia en el marxismo de Lelio Basso
Authors: Ouviña Hernan
Published: May 2024

RESUMEN: El objetivo del artículo es reconstruir y analizar la concepción dialéctica del Estado y de la democracia esbozada por el marxista italiano Lelio Basso en sus principales obras, con el objetivo de superar la perspectiva “instrumentalista” de ciertas corrientes teóricas que lo definen como instancia plenamente neutral, o bien en tanto mero aparato represivo o bloque monolítico al servicio de las clases dominantes. Asimismo, se problematiza la noción de participación antagonista como categoría relevante para enriquecer el concepto de política prefigurativa, distinguiéndolo del de participación subalterna, que reenvía a lo que Basso considera son los múltiples “mecanismos de integración”, los cuales tienden a dotar de un rol secundario y subordinado a la clase trabajadora, fomentando su disciplinamiento y perdiendo por tanto de vista el horizonte estratégico de ruptura anti-capitalista. Finalmente, se aborda el vínculo entre política prefigurativa y vocación de autogobierno, en el marco del proceso general de construcción contra-hegemónica y de creciente democratización de la vida social teniendo como horizonte un socialismo anti-burocrático.
FILOSOFIA-HISTÓRICA COMO AÇÃO ÉTICO-POLÍTICA NA DISPUTA PELA NOVA HEGEMONIA EM GRAMSCI
Authors: Mello Douglas C. Ferrari de , Zen Elieser T.
Published: May 2024

Este artigo objetiva refletir, do ponto de vista teórico e de acordo com os pressupostos de Gramsci, as interfaces entre história, filosofia e política, tendo como fio condutor uma concepção original de filosofia como ação ético-política transformadora. Para tanto nos fundamentamos em alguns escritos de Antonio Gramsci e em estudiosos de seu pensamento, entre os quais destacamos, Coutinho (2011), Semeraro (2001, 2006), Roio (2017), Debrun (2001), Frosini (2013), entre outros. Gramsci, como oriundo do materialismo histórico-dialético – ou como ele próprio definiu de filosofia da práxis segue o percurso deixado por Marx, avançando em alguns pontos, mas por incorporação. Assim, neste artigo defendemos a indissociabilidade entre as dimensões da história, da política e da filosofia no pensamento de Gramsci na perspectiva de uma práxis ético-política tendo em vista a construção de uma nova hegemonia. Destarte, os questionamentos que nos move nesse artigo são: quais as relações que se estabelecem entre história, filosofia e política no pensamento de Antonio Gramsci? Qual a originalidade da concepção filosófica de Antonio Gramsci? Como a concepção filosófica original de Gramsci se articula e integra a uma práxis ético-política de transformação da realidade social tendo em vista a construção de uma nova hegemonia dos trabalhadores (as)? Por certo, Gramsci desenvolveu uma concepção original de filosofia como concepção do mundo em que as dimensões histórica e política estavam articuladas e integradas de forma dialética tendo em vista uma práxis ético-política integral de transformação da realidade social na perspectiva dos subalternos. Dessa forma, conclui-se que Gramsci inaugura uma concepção histórico-filosófica que integra de forma dialética história e filosofia, economia e política, objetividade e subjetividade.
DE QUE MORRE O NOSSO POVO? AGUINALDO NEPOMUCENO MARQUES NOS CADERNOS DO POVO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Silva Edson Pereira , Nicola Luca Ribeiro Mendes
Published: May 2024

De que morre o nosso povo? (1963), foi o volume publicado por Aguinaldo Nepomuceno Marques nos Cadernos do Povo Brasileiro. Teoricamente engajado, o livro se baseia nas ideias do nacional-reformismo do "último ISEB" e na concepção etapista da revolução brasileira do PCB naquele momento. Neste trabalho, a obra é analisada criticamente em relação às concepções de saúde em vigor e ao contexto histórico da década de 1960 no Brasil. Conclui-se que Marques foi pioneiro em críticas que seriam feitas a concepções de saúde pelo campo da saúde coletiva, assim como pode ser considerado um exemplo de iniciativa de popularização da ciência.
Abon Merapi (Mente Rasa Sapi) sebagai Bukti Kecintaan terhadap Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Lombok Timur
Authors: Anwar Evi Kurniawati , Maenun Maenun , Saniah Saniah , Sari Linda Purnama , Rahmah Pisyahri , Safnowandi Safnowandi , Karmana I Wayan
Published: May 2024

Cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale) are plants with great potential and high economic value in West Nusa Tenggara Province. East Lombok Regency is one of the cashew producing areas in Indonesia. Local people usually call it guava jemet or guava jebet. So far, cashew farming communities have only used the true fruit or what is better known as the seeds for sale. However, in reality, the pseudo-fruit of cashew nuts or what is commonly referred to as the fruit can be processed into a product that has high economic value, namely made into shredded meat. Shredded cashew is usually made from cashew fruit that is quite old or already ripe. Thus, the aim of making cashew floss is to create a new innovative product by optimizing the use of cashew fruit as an ingredient for making shredded cashew fruit, so that it can produce cashew floss with good quality and high selling value and is beneficial for consumers. This method of making shredded meat starts from the tool and material preparation stage, the processing stage, the shredded making stage, and the evaluation stage. Then a report is prepared and the article is published. It is hoped that the results of this activity will become an innovative product with high sales value and be published as an article that can be used as a reference for optimizing natural resources.
Comparison of PFNA vs Hip Arthroplasty in Patients with Intertrochanteric Fractures
Authors: Arshad Arslan , Saeed Muhammad Asif , Abbas Muhammad Hammad , Parvaiz Sawaira , Maimaitiyiming Asihaerjiang
Published: May 2024

Aims: Intertrochanteric fractures are common types of hip fractures in the elderly population. Different types of surgical treatment options are available for intertrochanteric fractures such as Closed Reduction and Inter Fixation with Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-rotation (PFNA), Open Reduction and internal fixation with Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS), and Hip Arthroplasty. The main purpose of this study is to compare the clinical outcomes of PFNA with Hip arthroplasty in patients with Intertrochanteric Fractures. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study method was used in the current study. The medical record of 101 patients with intertrochanteric fractures was collected. These 101 patients were divided into two groups according to the type of surgical treatment they received, PFNA (n=52) or THA (n=49). The outcome of Hip function was assessed according to the Harris Hip Score (HHS). A simple t-test was performed for statistical analysis. χ2 test used for the analysis of categorical data. P-values <0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Hip Arthroplasty patients had longer surgery duration, length of incision was longer and intraoperative blood loss was more than in those patients who were treated with PFNA (P <0.05). Hip arthroplasty patients could start early weight bearing than those in the PFNA group (P <0.05). There was no any statistical difference between hospital stays in both groups (P >0.05). HHS assessed at those 3 points showed that Hip function in Hip Arthroplasty patients was higher than with those who were treated with PFNA (P <0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the post-operative complication of both groups, as the P value is >0.05. Conclusion: we concluded that treatment of intertrochanteric fracture with PFNA and Hip Arthroplasty is safe and effective. Each treatment has its advantages and disadvantages but with no significant difference in postoperative complications. Orthopaedic surgeons can choose ........
Kajian Daya Dukung Lingkungan Berdasarkan Produktivitas Lahan Pertanian dalam Menunjang Swasembada Pangan di Kabupaten Sleman Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Adji Alief Rizky Purnama , Santosa Langgeng Wahyu , Harini Rika
Published: May 2024

Upaya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan area untuk berbagai aktivitas seperti perdagangan, jasa, kegiatan sosial budaya, dan perumahan akan berkonsekuensi pada penggunaan lahan yang tadinya digunakan untuk pertanian menjadi lahan yang telah dibangun. Kapasitas daya dukung lahan pertanian dalam mewujudkan kemandirian dan ketahanan pangan menjadi terancam. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mengkaji produktivitas lahan pertanian untuk mendukung swasembada pangan di Kabupaten Sleman; (2) menganalisis daya dukung lingkungan berdasarkan kemampuan lahan untuk pengembangan pertanian di Kabupaten Sleman; (3) merumuskan strategi pengelolaan lingkungan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas lahan pertanian guna mendukung swasembada pangan di Kabupaten Sleman. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan fokus pada analisis wilayah sebagai unit analisis. Metode penghitungan kapasitas daya dukung tanah mengadopsi pendekatan tingkat produktivitas lahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan daya dukung lahan pertanian pada sebagian besar kecamatan di Kawasan Sleman Tengah antara tahun 2016-2021. Pada Kawasan Sleman Tengah Kecamatan Depok menjadi wilayah yang tergolong dalam kelas III dimana tidak mampu untuk swasembada pangan dimana wilayah ini menjadi pusat perekonomian serta di laluli jalan arteri primer. Pengaruh penurunan daya dukung lahan pertanian juga mengarah pada wilayah di sekitarnya, Sebagian besar kecamatan di sekitar nya juga mengalami penurunan daya dukung. Berdasarkan analisis perhitungan daya dukung terlihat hapir seluruh kecamatan di setiap Kawasan mengalami penurunan kelas daya dukung menjadi kelas II dan haya pada Kecamatan Depok dan Turi saja yang selalu pada Kelas III. Penurunan daya dukung yang terjadi dapat di atasi dengan adanya kebijakan RTRW dan LP2B.
PAC System for Radiographic Comparison of Standing and Supine Lateral Views in Patients with Low-Grade Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Aatir Javaid  , Sibtain Raza  , Usman Amjad  , Shaharyar Sheikh  , Izza Nasir  , Saman Shahid
Published: May 2024

Objective:  Supine views may not adequately depict low-degree spondylolisthesis, thereby confusing surgeons in deciding the best therapy plan. The study aimed to compare the standing vs. supine radiographs for the radiological parameters.
Materials and Methods:  A retrospective investigation was conducted on the standing and supine lateral radiographs of 73 patients with graduation I and II spondylolisthesis at the orthopedic Outdoor patient department. The measurements included lumbar lordosis angle, sacral inclination, slip angle, disc slip, and disc height, which were obtained from the PACS. 
Results:  Mean age was 47.28 years with 41% male and 58.9% females. Prevalence showed 46.57% having L4, 5 level involvement and 53.4% having L5, S1 level involvement in spondylolisthesis. The degree of lumbar lordosis turned out to be 41.7 upon standing while it was 34.39 degrees upon supine position. The size of the disc slip was 0.85cm and 0.74 cm in standing and supine positions respectively. Standing sacral inclination was 45.5 degrees and 40.51 degrees in supine. The slip angle was higher in standing (4.5 degrees) versus 3.97 degrees in the supine position. Disc heights were nearly the same in standing or supine (1.2 cm vs. 1.1 cm) positions. There existed a significant difference between standing vs. supine positions for the following: lumbar lordosis, disc slip, sacral inclination, and slip angle.
Conclusion:  Supine views may not accurately show important radiological findings, affecting the choice of treatment. Surgeons may use these findings to make informed decisions about the best treatment plan.
The Comparison of Outcome of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts vs. Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy in Patients with Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Authors: Syed Hammad Naqvi  , Muhammad Motsim Shah  , Yasir Shahzad  , Soban Sarwar  , Fraz Mehmood  , Nadeem Akhtar
Published: May 2024

Objective:  To compare functional outcomes in terms of INPGHS score and overall improvement in patients of iNPH treated with ETV vs. VP shunting.
Materials & Methods:  A Randomized control trial was conducted for 6 months at the Department of Neurosurgery, Rawalpindi Medical University and Allied Hospitals, Rawalpindi. 62 patients (31 in each group) were enrolled & allocated into two groups. In group A patients ETV was done and in group B VP shunting. Post-operatively, Patients were followed up for 1 month.
Results:  The mean age of the patients in the ETV & VP shunting groups was 63.19 ± 6.95 & 63 ± 6.82 years respectively. Males were 64.5% (n = 20) in both groups. Improvement was noted in 9 (29%) patients in the ETV group & 15 (48.4%) patients in the latter group (p-value = 0.118).
Conclusion:  Ventriculoperitoneal shunts are superior to endoscopic third ventriculostomy in terms of functional neurological outcomes and improvement in symptoms.
Keywords:  Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy, Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt, Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Grading Scale (iNPHGS), Aqueductal CSF Stroke Volume (ACSV).
Clinical outcomes of three Level Interlaminar Endoscopic Decompression Surgery in the Treatment of Multilevel lumber Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Farooq Muhammad , Mahboob Khan  , Shahjehan Ali , Muhammad Idrees  , Muhammad Zubair  , Alam Ikram , Sahibzada Abdul Haseeb , Ali Haider
Published: May 2024

This is the first case report to test the efficacy of three-level endoscopic spine surgery for the treatment of lumber spinal stenosis. The patient was a 50-year-old entrepreneur with pain on standing and walking and all activities that compress the canal such as lumber extension. Three-level endoscopic surgery was performed at L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1. Certain clinical and surgical outcomes were selected such as the Visual Analogue Scale for pain, Oswestry Disability Index score for level of disability and functional limitation, pain on certain aggravating activities involving extension like walking and moving downstairs, spinal and core stability using prone segmental instability test and patient satisfaction values taken at baseline and after the endoscopic surgery at two levels i.e. immediately after surgery and after one month follow up. Multiple-level interlaminar endoscopic surgery was successful in terms of reducing pain, improving score on the Oswestry disability index, improving daily life activities, increasing spinal and core stability, and increasing patient satisfaction
Effect of Lumbar Discectomy on the Quality of Life (QOL)
Authors: Khan Murtaza Ahmed , Abdul Hameed  , Haleema Saadia Khan  , Tahira Hameed  , Abdul Qadeer Khan
Published: May 2024

Objective:  Quality of life is an individual’s perception. Herniated lumbar discs badly affect quality of life due to lower back pain and neurological deficits. The purpose of the study is to see the impact of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) on the quality of life of individuals and to examine the effect of surgery on the quality of life in these patients.
Materials and Methods:  A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital / Fatima Jinnah Medical University, the data was collected through purposive sampling from LDH patients (N=159). The data was collected at three-point times; preoperatively (N=159) immediately postoperatively (n=125), and after 3 months post-operative (n=92). Quality of life was measured by the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHO-QOL BREF scale) and the Aberdeen Lower Back Pain Scale (ALBPS).
Results:  The quality of life in pre-operative patients was very poor and lumbar discectomy significantly (p<.05) not only improved the overall quality of life but with high significance reduced lower back pain at p<.001 hence showing the effectiveness of surgery among LDH patients.
Conclusion:  For patients with recommended surgery for lumbar disc herniation, early intervention enhances quality of life. After surgery, significant pain improvement was seen as shown by ALBPS. WHO-QOL BREF assessment also highlights surgical impact on quality of life, before and after the procedure.
Keywords:  Quality of life, Discectomy, Herniated Disc, Low Back Pain, Spine.
Evaluation of the Outcome of Transpedicular Fixation for Thoracic and Lumbar Tuberculous Spine Disease
Authors: Sultan Saad , Ibrahim  , Zaman Amer , Alam Junaid , Gul Fizza
Published: May 2024

Objective:  Pakistan stands sixth in countries, contributing 60% of new TB cases worldwide. TB can involve a wide variety of organs including the spine which at times need neurosurgical intervention. This study aims to determine the overall clinical and radiological outcomes in patients with dorsolumbar spine TB managed by posterior transpedicular screw fixation. The study focused to evaluate the outcome of transpedicular screws fixation for the thoracic and lumbar tuberculous spine.
Materials and Methods:  The study included a total of 60 patients were observed. A complete history and systemic physical examination was done. Pre-operative anteroposterior and lateral view radiographs were taken to measure the height of the vertebral body, kyphotic angulation, and sagittal plane index. Short-segment transpedicular fixation was done under general anesthesia by consultant neurosurgeons. All patients were asked for follow-up after one month. Post-operative anteroposterior plus lateral view radiographs were done to measure the height of the vertebral body, kyphotic angulation, and sagittal index.
Results:  In our study mean age was 47 years. 58%patients were males and 42% of patients were female. The mean postoperative vertebral height was 18.93 mm ± 1.17 and the mean postoperative Kyphotic angle was 9.68 degree ± 4.03º.  The mean postoperative Sagittal index was 5.83 ± 4.55.
Conclusion:  The outcome of transpedicular fixation of vertebral height was 18.93 mm ± 1.17, Kyphotic angle was 9.68 degree ± 4.03º) and Sagittal index was (5.83 ± 4.55) for thoracic & lumbar tuberculous spine.
Incidence of Motor Neuron Disease (MND) in Patients Diagnosed with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy (CSM)
Authors: Ahmed Sahibzada Haseeb , Khattak Nawaz , Jamal Muhammad Kashif
Published: May 2024

Objective:  Motor neuron disease (MND) can occur in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of motor neuron disease in individuals suffering from cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).
Materials & Methods:  A prospective study was conducted at the Lady Reading Hospital. The patients(n = 70) included were between ages 55 to 75 with established clinical and radiological diagnoses of CSM. Motor neuron disease was diagnosed clinically by Awaji criteria. The patients were evaluated with NCS/EMG (Nerve Conduction Studies/Electromyography) and followed for 6 months. The motor neuron disease was confirmed by modified El Escorial criteria.
Results:  40 patients had bilateral upper limb weakness (57%), however, the rest of the 30 patients had unilateral upper extremity weakness (42.8%). Hoffman’s sign was positive in 60% of patients. Lhermitte's sign was also positive in 31% of patients. The majority of patients (55.7%) were found with grade 4 for deltoid followed by 51.4% patients for biceps brachii. MRI showed anterior cord compression at the level of C5 and C6 in 27.14% of patients and C6 C7 in 32.8% of patients. 15.7% of patients were suspected of having both CSM and MND. 
Conclusion:  CSM and MND can occur in the same patients. The incidence of MND is 5.7% in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy, hence in CSM patients, workup must be done for MND as it affects the outcome of surgery in these patients.
Management of intrasellar arachnoidocele
Authors: Diallo Moussa  , Tokpa André Valentin  , Traoré Youssouf , Koumaré Izoudine Blaise  , Sogoba Youssouf , Sogoba Boubacar  , Diallo Oumar , Kanikomo Drissa
Published: May 2024

Arachnoidocele in its sellar location is not common. The variability of its clinical signs and the lack of standard treatment make the management complex. The authors report a clinical case through which therapeutic modalities will be discussed. We report a case of a 42-year-old patient who complained of intermittent headaches of progressively increasing intensity over the past 2 years. The persistence of the headaches despite analgesic treatment had motivated the performance of a brain CT scan and then an MRI which had objectified the presence of an intrastellararachnoidocele. The endocrine laboratory function was normal. Short-term treatment with morphine and corticosteroids had achieved a rapid and long-lasting course after a 2-year follow-up. Endoscopic surgery is a treatment option for sellar arachnoidocele. The indication must take into account the clinical and radiological elements because some sellar arachnoidocele evolve favorably under drug treatment.
Frequency of Deranged Lipid Profile in Patients with Stroke
Authors: Naseem Ur Rehman  , Muhammad Bilal  , Syed Ahmad Shah  , Muhammad Imran  , Adeela Masood
Published: May 2024

Objective:  This study aims to find out the frequency of patients with strokes at Lady Reading Hospital in Peshawar have abnormal lipid profiles.
Materials & Methods:  The Department of Medicine at Lady Reading Hospital in Peshawar conducted this cross-sectional, descriptive study. There were 96 patients in all, both genders, who presented with a stroke between the ages of 30 and 70. Individuals with CRF (chronic renal failure), CLD (chronic liver disease), or medications that reduce cholesterol were not included. Blood samples were collected and transferred to the laboratory to measure the lipid profile.
Results:  In this study, the age range was 30 to 70 years old, with a mean age of 53 years. The majority of the patients (54.17%) ranged in age from 51 to 70. There were 58.33% males and 41.67% females. 40 (41.67%) stroke patients had a disordered lipid profile. Of the stroke patients, 41.67% had abnormal total cholesterol, 53.13% abnormal LDL cholesterol, 25.0% abnormal triglyceride levels, and 21.88% abnormal HDL cholesterol.
Conclusion:  This study concluded that the frequency of dyslipidemia in stroke patients is very high. With this knowledge, specialized statin drugs could be created, leading to better disease control. Patients with ischemic stroke were more likely than those with hemorrhagic stroke to have abnormalities in their lipid levels.
Keywords:  Stroke, Cholesterol level, Dyslipidaemia, Lipid Profile, Cerebrovascular Accidents.