bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF MORBIDITY AND RECURRENCE OF UROLITHIASIS
Authors: Detsyk O. Z. , Mytnyk Z. M. , Solomchak D. B.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the social and economic status of patients with urolithiasis and to identify the risk factors of occurrence and recurrence of the disease. Material and methods. We conducted a retrospective epidemiological study of the representative sample of 443 patients with urolithiasis (the main group of 403 patients without recurrences and 40 with recurrences) and 203 in-patients with other mainly acute urological pathology (control group) undergoing treatment at urology wards of healthcare institutions of Ivano-Frankivsk region. Results. It was established that urolithiasis mainly affects people of the working age (75 %). The prevalence of the pathology increases with age (OR = 3.93; 95 % CI = 1.64-9.44) as well as stone formation recurrences (2.44; 1.21-4.93) occurring in 10-20 % of patients with urolithiasis over 40. It was found out that in terms of material welfare, education and employment the patients with urolithiasis did not differ from the control group. However, lower levels of these parameters among the patients with urolithiasis from rural areas points out to the risk of their limited access to medical care. It has been proved that the recurrence of urolithiasis increases the chances of worsening of the patients` well-being (3.43; 1.77-6.65), unemployment (2.26; 1.14-4.45), and disability (3.93, 1.64-9.44). Conclusion. Urolithiasis as a result of its recurrent chronic course is a significant social and economic burden that highlights the importance of prevention and metaphylaxis of the pathology.
MOLECULAR VISUALIZATION IN DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY
Authors: Ermolitsky N. M.
Published: November 2021

Objective: systematization and analytical review of scientific publications dealing with the stated topic with accentuation of attention to practical application of the methods of molecular visualization in diagnostic radiology. Material. The available literary sources covering molecular visualization in diagnostic radiology. Results. Possibilities and advantages of modern molecular visualization in the practice of diagnostic radiology have been defined. Conclusion. The application of methods of molecular diagnostic visualization considerably raises the quality of the image and the diagnosis, opens wide prospects of diagnostics in many areas of medicine in preservation of noninvasive researches.
A CASE OF CENTRAL PONTINE POLIOMYELITIS IN A YOUNG WOMAN WITH ACUTE PANCREATITIS
Authors: Usova N. N. , Lemeshkov L. A. , Latysheva V. Ya. , Galinovskaya N. V. , Kurman V. I. , Skachkov A. V.
Published: November 2021

The article analyzes a case of central pontine myelinolysis in a young woman with acute pancreatitis and describes the principal causes, clinical features, diagnostic procedures, treatment, and the disease outcome.
THE MORHOLOGIC EVALUATION OF MICROGLIAL REACTIONS IN WHITE MATTER OF THE BRAIN IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HCV INFECTION
Authors: Maybogin A. M. , Nedzvedz M. K. , Kurochkina A. I.
Published: November 2021

Disorders of the central nervous system observed in patients with chronic HCV infection seem to be associated with excitotoxic lesion of neurons caused by infected microglial cells. Despite the high interest in this problem, the morphological changes of infected microglia remain uninvestigated. The paper presents the results of the morphologic study of microglial reactions in white matter of the brain in 40 patients who died of chronic HCV-infection. The study found the structural and quantitative changes of infected microglia in different parts of the brain, which is caused by the activation of these cells by HCV.
CHRONIC HEART FAILURE: MODERN DIAGNOSTICS
Authors: Salivonchyk D. P. , Semenyago E. F. , Shilova V. A.
Published: November 2021

Modern diagnostics is aimed at detecting heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HF-SPI) at early stages. The most informative technique to diagnose CH-SPI is echocardiography (echocardiography) using tissue Doppler imaging.
THE CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF TRIPLE NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER REVEALED IN GOMEL REGION IN 2014
Authors: Krylov A. Yu. , Krylov Yu. V. , Achinovich S. L. , Martemyanova L. A. , Turchenko S. Y.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the clinical and morphological characteristics of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) revealed in Gomel region in 2014. Material and methods . The material of the study became 85 cases of TNBC revealed in Gomel region in 2014. The clinical and morphological analysis was made on the database of the Pathoanatomical Branch of the Gomel Regional Clinical Oncological Clinic. Results . In the year of 2014 TNBC was detected in 85 out of 412 cases of BC, which made up 20.6 %. The similar results in the same year were received in Vitebsk region - 82 out of 425 (19.3 %) and Grodno region - 77 out of 380 (20 %). The average age of the patients with TNBC was 56.0 years, which corresponded to literary data and practically did not differ from the data received in Vitebsk region - 55.8 years and Grodno region - 56.5 years. Conclusion. The results of the study of the histological degree of malignancy, prediction indicators (TNM) and parities of clinical stages have confirmed the data of the given literary sources on more adverse prognostic value of TNBC detection. The clinical and morphological characteristics of TNBC revealed in Gomel region in the year of 2014 correspond to the data of literary sources and the results received during the study in other regions of Belarus.
SERUM FERRITIN AS A PREDICTOR OF DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2 IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS
Authors: Paltsev I. V. , Kalinin A. L. , Snitsarenko E. N.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to analyze the possibility of the use of iron metabolism indicators (serum ferritin and serum iron) as predictors of diabetes mellitus type 2 in patients with chronic hepatitis. Material and methods. We have examined 120 patients with chronic hepatitis of various etiology and have assessed the possibility of the use of serum iron and serum ferritin in the diagnosis of diabetes . Results. We have received the data about the diagnostic value of iron metabolism indicators in detection of diabetes mellitus type 2. The sensitivity of serum ferritin in patients with chronic hepatitis at a point of separation of 234mkg/l was 66.7 %, the specificity was 73.9 %, AUC - 0.735 (95 % CI 0.643-0.815, р = 0.001). The odds ratio of the detection of diabetes mellitus type 2 for patients with high-level serum ferritin was 4.6 (95 % CI 1.6-13.6, р = 0.005). Conclusion. Serum ferritin has shown the highest prognostic value as a predictor of diabetes mellitus type 2 among the indicators of iron metabolism in the patients with chronic hepatitis.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE MANAGEMENT OF THE DOCTOR CAREER IN MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Reshetnikov V. A. , Korshever N. G. , Dorovskaya A. I.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to substantiate the directions for optimization of the management of the doctor career in medical organizations. Material and methods. We have conducted an anonymous survey of 407 doctors, processed the data on documentation in career management in 65 medical organizations and have surveyed 32 experts in healthcare management. Results . We have studied the particular aspects of the doctor career in medical organizations and the state of managing this process. We have developed the profiles of formation of competences and professionally important qualities for different positions of healthcare managers in medical organizations and have provided rationales for reorganization of the professional development training program. We have formed the ways to assess the success of a certain doctor`s career and methods to manage this process, on the grounds of which the corresponding optimization technique has been designed. Conclusion . The obtained materials can be used in practice in everyday activities of medical organizations.
WILD MACROMYCETES AS A SOURCE OF PHOSPHORUS IN THE DIET OF THE POPULATION OF BELARUS
Authors: Kozhedub T. I.
Published: November 2021

The article analyzes the content of phosphorus in fruit bodies of wild macromycetes and assesses the dynamics of the changes of its content in Carpophorus during heat treatment in water and 1N solution of NaCl. It has been shown that extracting of fungi in water by boiling reduces the content of phosphorus by 35-54 % and in table salt solution - by 68 %.
PREVALENCE OF STENOSING LARYNGOTRACHEITIS AMONG CHILDREN RESIDING ON STREETS WITH DIFFERENT TRAFFIC LOAD
Authors: Stanislavchuk L. M.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study concentrations of anthropogenic air pollutants on streets with different traffic load and prevalence of laryngotracheitis (LT) among children residing on those streets. Material and methods. We have analyzed the quality of free air on streets with different traffic density in Vinnytsya during 2000-2003. We have studied the concentrations of suspended matters with the content of silicon dioxide less than 20 %, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide. We have analyzed the frequency of LT cases (1-3 episodes of the disease) and recurrent LT (4 or more episodes of the disease) among children under 14 residing on the streets with different traffic load. Results. The indices of the average and maximum concentrations of free air pollutants on the streets with high traffic density significantly exceeded those on the streets with low traffic density. The prevalence of LT and recurrent LT was significantly higher on the streets with high traffic load. We have found a connection between the prevalence of LT among children, traffic density and concentrations of free air pollutants. The connection between the prevalence of LT and the concentration of nitrogen dioxide has turned out to be the strongest. Conclusion. The prevalence of LT in children is related to traffic load and concentrations of anthropogenic free air pollutants.
THE ASSESSMENT OF THE CONNECTION BETWEEN THE CONTENT OF NUCLEOLI IN SKIN MELANOMA CELLS AND THE PROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY, MORPHOLOGY, AND PROGNOSIS OF TUMOR
Authors: Aleksinsky V. S. , Basinsky V. A.
Published: November 2021

We have studied the connection between the number of nucleoli in skin melanoma and the disease outcomes, proliferative activity and morphology of the tumor. We have found that the number of nucleoli in melanoma is an independent prognostic parameter and its increase is associated with poor outcome of the disease.
BODY COMPOSITION AND PARAMETERS OF AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC WORKING CAPACITY AT SPEED-POWER PHYSICAL EXERCISES
Authors: Brel Y. I. , Budko L. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to analyze the features of body composition and parameters of aerobic and anaerobic working capacity at speed-power physical exercises. Material and methods. We examined 15 male athletes at the age of 18-20 and 15 young men of the control group. The body composition was evaluated using the parameters of bioimpedance analyzer АВС-01 «Medass», and functional state parameters by the data of the computer program complex «D-test». Results . Higher parameters of muscular and active cellular mass and lower amount of fatty mass in athletes were associated with lower parameters of aerobic working capacity comparing with the control group. Conclusion . The features of body composition and functional state parameters at speed-power physical exercises have been defined.
LABORATORY ALLERGOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS IN WORKERS EXPOSED TO OCCUPATIONAL EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIAL STRAINS OF BACTERIA-PRODUCERS
Authors: Filanyuk V. A. , Shevlaykov V. V. , Erm G. I. , Chernyshova E. V.
Published: November 2021

We have developed a method for obtaining specific test allergens from bacteria of industrial strains Bacillus subtilis 494 and Pseudomonas fluorescens S 32, whose use in laboratory allergological diagnostics has made it possible to establish significant and widespread (85.7% of the surveyed persons) induction of hypersensitivity of delayed-immediate type of professional polymicrobial etiology in the organism of workers of biotechnological enterprises.
LYMPHANGIOMA IN THE PRACTICE OF AN OBSTETRICIAN-GYNECOLOGIST
Authors: Korbut I. A. , Zaharenkova T. N. , Nakamura T. . , Hiroma T. .
Published: November 2021

Lymphangioma is a benign tumor of the lymphatic system which often develops during the embrionic period. The manifestation usually takes place before the age of 1 with non-specific clinical presentation. An obstetrician-gynecologist may face this pathology in the fetus and newborn as well as rendering emergency aid. The article presents two clinical cases of lymphangioma in a fetus and the newborn, and a 16 year-old child.
MEDICAL AND SOCIAL AND LEGISLATIVE ISSUES OF OCULAR prosthetics IN BELARUS
Authors: Barash A. N.
Published: November 2021

Quality of life is one of the important criteria for general welfare and health of population at the present-day stage of development of medicine [1, 2]. The article presents the issues of ocular prosthetics as one of the main stages of rehabilitation of patients with anophthalmos [3]. Ocular prosthetics makes it possible to adapt the patient to the absence of the eyeball most completely, to restore the habitual facial assimetry and rehabilitate the person in terms of public and social life.
THE PATHOGENETIC SIGNIFICANCE OF GENE IL28B POLYMORPHISMS AT SITES RS12979860 AND RS8099917 IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS C IN PATIENTS OF THE SOUTH-EASTERN REGION OF BELARUS
Authors: Shuliak Z. V. , Mikhailova E. I.
Published: November 2021

To study the role of IL28B gene polymorphisms in the development of chronic hepatitis C, we have determined polymorphic types of the gene at sites rs12979860 and rs8099917 using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction with real-time product detection in 21 patients with this disease. We have found the association of chronic hepatitis C with the presence of unfavorable TT genotype of gene IL28B polymorphism rs12979860, which can be regarded as a predictor of the development of this pathology. Favorable genotypes of CC rs12979860 and TT polymorphism of rs8099917 of gene IL28B are more common in healthy individuals and they are associated with higher activity of the inflammatory process in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Therefore, gene IL28B polymorphisms can affect not only the outcome of an acute viral infection but also the further course of chronic hepatitis C.
MODELING OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK
Authors: Zyblev S. L. , Dundarov Z. A. , Zybleva S. V.
Published: November 2021

Wiggers` method has currently become the most wide-spread method of modeling hemorrhagic shock. The proposed model is artificial to a certain degree and has its drawbacks related to the introduction of heparin, which prevents blood coagulation in small vessels and changes the vascular permeability. In a number of cases, hemorrhagic shock was reproduced by a single massive bloodletting, and the further course of the process was not controlled. The modeling of hemorrhagic shock by means of the above-mentioned method is impossible in small laboratory animals due to the small diameter of great vessels. However, the use of large laboratory animals demands high material costs. Several methods of blood sampling have been described in literature sources. However, the known methods of blood sampling cannot reproduce hemorrhagic shock in full measure. The development of a new method of modeling hemorrhagic shock in small laboratory animals is a topical area in modern experimental surgery.
PREVENTION OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS BY USING ANTIBACTERIAL SUTURE MATERIAL
Authors: Kniaziuk A. S.
Published: November 2021

The development of surgical site infections (SSI) considerably aggravates the course of wound healing. In this regard, prevention of wound infections is an important and complex task of surgery. The application of antibacterial suture material is a very promising method for reducing the risk of surgical site infections.
THE INDICATORS OF QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH GONARTHROSIS ASSOCIATED WITH LOCAL THERAPY WITH AUTOSYSTETIC BLOOD
Authors: Nikolayev V. I.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess the effectiveness of intra-articular therapy in patients with gonarthrosis according to the criteria of quality of life of the SF-36 questionnaire. Material and methods. The dynamics of the indicators of quality of life before and after the treatment was studied. The main group consisted of 69 patients with gonarthrosis who underwent a course of treatment with autologous serum, the control group included 46 persons without the studied pathology. Females were included in this study. Both the groups were comparable in age - 55.6 ± 11.1 and 57.8 ± 12.0 years, respectively, p> 0.05. Results. According to the results of our study conducted among residents of the city of Gomel, the indicators of quality of life in women with gonarthrosis of the knee joint are significantly lower by all scales of the SF-36 questionnaire than in women of the corresponding age but without this pathology. At the same time, changes in QOL are in a large measure due to the physical component of health. The most significant contribution to the reduction of quality of life is limitation of physical exercise, which is associated with a constant feeling of pain and discomfort in the joints. The limitation of physical exercise leads to the reduction of social activity, the subjective assessments of the emotional state, mood and, in general, the general health state deteriorate. Conclusion. The application of blood autoseretics in patients with HA for intra-articular administration showed its effectiveness in terms of the criteria of quality of life. Thus, the proposed method of the treatment is promising and has a pronounced symptom-modifying effect.
AN OPHTHALMOLOGIC CASE OF DIROFILARIASIS: CLINICAL ASPECTS, DIAGNOSIS, PREVENTION
Authors: Protasovitskaya R. N.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to characterize the macroscopic diagnosis, sources of infection, and ways of prevention using the example of an ophthalmic case of dirofilariasis. Material and methods. The work presents an ophthalmologic case of dirofilariasis in a 27 year-old female patient and describes the macroscopic diagnosis of helminthiasis. Results. The article deals with actual issues of one of the transmissible zoonotic biohelminthiasis - human dirofilariasis. It gives a historical perspective of the disease and the data about the frequency of dirofilariasis in Belarus. The article describes a clinical case of human dirofilariasis in Gomel first caused by hypodermic migration of nematode larva and then by parasitization of the conjunctiva by an adult nematode. The male Dirofilaria repens was found and identified in the female patient. The fact of local infection was established, morphological diagnostic features of the helminth were defined. Preventive measures were recommended. Conclusion. In Gomel, dirofilariasis has a sporadic character, but some cases of indigenous infection can be found. Further studies of the epidemiology of the disease are required.
INFORMATIZATION OF EDUCATION FROM THE STANDPOINT OF ITS POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ASPECTS
Authors: Trafimchyk Z. I.
Published: November 2021

This article studies strong and weak points of the informatization process in education from the standpoint of the student`s psychology and the psychology of the educational process and brings to light the negative consequences of information and communication technologies in education. The necessity of careful examination of informatization processes in modern society is emphasized in the work.
THE MOLECULAR-GENETIC ANALYSIS OF POLYMORPHISM OF IL-4, TNF-α GENES IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER CIRROSIS AND PORTAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Skuratov A. G. , Lyzikov A. N. , Voropayev E. V. , Osipkina O. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess the association of polymorphism of the markers of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in patients with liver cirrhosis with severe pathological process. Material and methods. The research material was DNA isolated from blood leukocytes of the patients. To identify SNP data, the PCR method was chosen with subsequent restriction analysis and electrophoretic detection by horizontal gel electrophoresis and amplification with visualization of the obtained results. Results. The performed molecular and genetic analysis of IL-4 and TNF-α gene polymorphisms made it possible to assume a relation between the frequency of polymorphic genotypes and alleles of the investigated genes and the severity of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension, which can be used to diagnose and predict the severe course of the disease.
THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CLINICAL AND LABORATORY INDICATORS AND RHEOHEPATHOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH MECHANICAL JAUNDICE, LIVER CIRRHOSIS, AND MULTIPLE ORGAN DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME
Authors: Tochilo S. A. , Marochkov A. V. , Antipenko A. A. , Borisov O. L. , Nikiforova T. Yu.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to identify changes of indicators of tetrapolar rheohepathography (RHG) in patients with mechanical jaundice, liver cirrhosis, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) taking into account the comparative assessment of their clinical and laboratory indicators. Material and methods . The clinical and laboratory parameters and results of RHG were analyzed in 73 patients undergoing treatment from December 2015 to June 2017. Four groups were singled out: 1-st (control) - 27 patients with limb fractures, somatically practically healthy; 2-nd - 11 patients with mechanical jaundice; 3-rd - 14 patients with liver cirrhosis; 4-th - 21 patients with MODS. Results. It has been established that the parameters of RHG come back to normal within the first 24 hours after the surgical intervention to eliminate mechanical jaundice, despite the presence of an increased level of general bilirubin and cytolysis syndrome. The greatest degradation of the RHG parameters was diagnosed in the patients of the groups with liver cirrhosis and MODS. Conclusion. The parameters of RHG in patients with mechanical jaundice, liver cirrhosis, and MODS differ, which indicates different pathogenesis of the development of hepatic hemodynamics disorders in these conditions.
EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF SPECIALIZED MOBILE APPLICATIONS FOR SELF-CONTROLLED TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC NON-INFECTIUOS DISEASES (Message II)
Authors: Semutenko K. M.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess the efficiency of the use of specialized mobile applications for self-controlled treatment of patients with chronic non-infectious diseases. Material and methods. Using the key phrases we have studied the databases of PubMed, Embase, Springer in order to find the studies which evaluated the efficiency of mobile applications in the treatment of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and chronic lung diseases. Subsequently, a systematic review and analysis of the data were performed. Results. All the analyzed studies proved the impact of the use of mobile applications on the control of disease-specific symptoms. Conclusion. The use of mobile applications as a part of the mobile healthcare system (mHealth) makes it possible to improve the clinical outcomes of the treatment in the patients with chronic diseases and to promote the quality of symptom control.
ULTRASOUND ELASTOGRAPHY FOR NONINVASIVE EVALUATION OF LIVER CYRROSIS AND PORTAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Skuratov A. G. , Lyzikov A. N. , Svistunov S. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to substantiate the possibility and efficiency of using ultrasound elastography for noninvasive evaluation of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Material and methods: Modern foreign and Russian scientific publications were analyzed, the electronic bases Medline, PubMed were used. Ultrasonic shearing wave elastography (SWE) of the liver was performed in patients with chronic liver diseases using the apparatus HITACHI / ALOKA Arietta 70. Results: The use of ultrasonic elastography in patients with chronic liver disease will make it possible to assess the rigidity of the liver, perform stratification and to identify patients with increased risk of development of clinically significant portal hypertension and patients who need additional examination using invasive methods.
THE IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE CHARACTER OF LYMPHOID INFILTRATION IN VARIOUS FORMS OF THYROID PATHOLOGY
Authors: Butolina K. M. , Lyalikov S. A. , Basinsky V. A. , Shtabinskaya T. T. , Aleksinsky V. S. , Marshalek A. .
Published: November 2021

Objective: to characterize the phenotype of lymphocytes in lymphoid infiltrates in various forms of thyroid pathology. Material and methods . The operating material of 112 cases of thyroid diseases has been studied. The immunohistochemical examination using monoclonal antibodies to the antigens CD3, CD4, CD1α, CD23, CD25, CD8 and TGF-β has been conducted. Results. The quantitative assessment of lymphocyte subpopulations in lymphoid infiltrates in the tissue of the thyroid gland in thyrotoxic goiter, autoimmune thyroiditis, nodular euthyroid goiter, and thyroid cancer has been given.
TOXIC-ALIMENTARY MODEL OF LIVER CIRRHOSIS IN RATS
Authors: Osipov B. B. , Lyzikov A. N. , Skuratov A. G. , Prizentsov A. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to design an experimental model of liver cirrhosis in rats and to compare it with the carbon tetrachloride model of liver injury. Material and methods. White Wistar rats (n=30) were used as objects for modeling of toxic liver injury. The modeling was performed by the designed toxic-alimentary method (experimental group, n=15) and by means of the carbon tetrachloride injection (control group, n=15). The animals were sacrificed at different terms (8, 12 weeks after start of the modeling and 3 months after termination of the modeling), and the morphological and morphometric state of the liver was studied. Results. The designed toxic-alimentary model of liver injury leads to liver cirrhosis 8 weeks after start of the modeling (reproducibility - 93.3 %). The reproducibility of liver cirrhosis in case of using the carbon tetrachloride model 8 weeks after start of the modeling is 26.7%, which is proved by statistically lower thickness of connective-tissue septa in the liver in the control group in comparison with the experimental group (p=0.016, Mann Whitney U test). The designed toxic-alimentary method ensures shorter timing of the modeling of liver cirrhosis (from 12 weeks in the control group to 8 weeks in the experimental group) and also lower reversibility of liver fibrosis signs 3 months after termination of the modeling in comparison with the carbon tetrachloride model of liver injury. Conclusions. The designed toxic-alimentary model of liver injury leads to liver cirrhosis 8 weeks after start of the modeling. The developed model ensures shorter timing of the modeling of liver cirrhosis, increased reproducibility as well as lower reversibility of liver fibrosis signs 3 months after termination of the modeling in comparison with the carbon tetrachloride model of liver injury.
CHILDHOOD TUBERCULOSIS IN GOMELREGION
Authors: Buinevich I. V. , Sverzh Zh. E. , Gorbacheva V. A. , Butko S. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to analyze cases of childhood tuberculosis in Gomel region over the last 12 years. Material and methods. We have conducted a retrospective study of tuberculosis cases in children aged 1-14 over the period 2006-2017. Results. The ratio of childhood tuberculosis was 0.7% (0.5-0.8) among all new cases of the disease. A high level of microbiological confirmation of tuberculosis (26.7%, 16.0-39.6) was observed. Contact with a tuberculosis patients was found in 53.3% (40-66.3). The Mantoux test remains relevant in the diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis (the size of the papule is 12.3 ± 4.8 mm). More than a third of the sick children were in a socially dangerous situation. HIV-associated tuberculosis in the children was 18.3%. Most of those children lived in families being in contact with tuberculosis patients. Conclusion. A low rate of childhood tuberculosis has been recorded in the region. A high incidence rate of tuberculosis in children in contact with tuberculosis patients indicates a low grade of measures against the exposure to tuberculosis infection. The prevention and detection of tuberculosis among HIV-positive children are a topical issue.
VEGETATIVE RELATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT FORMS OF DISTURBANCES OF CEREBRAL CIRCULATIONIN THE MOST ACUTE PERIOD
Authors: Galinovskaya N. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to determine the distinguishing features of the ANS state as the first link of the stress-realizing system in patients with various forms of acute disturbances of cerebral circulation (passing infringements of cerebral circulation and stroke) in the most acute period. Methods . 51 patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA), 25 with cerebral hypertensive crisis (CHC), 71 with lacunar stroke (LS), and 10 volunteers were examined. Besides the standard examinations, the heart rate variability (HRV) parameters, including the standard deviation of consecutive RR intervals (SDNN), percentage of the number of pairs of consecutive RR-intervals differing by more than 50 ms during the recording period (pNN50), mode of intervals RR (Mo), amplitude of the mode (AMO) were tested in all the patients. On the basis of the above parameters the stress index, the reactivity coefficient, the vegetative equilibrium index (IER) and the vegetative index of the rhythm (VIR) were calculated. The correlation, linear, and nonlinear regression analysis of the HRV parameters was performed. Results. A negative effect of the sympathetic tone (AMO, r=0.42, p=0.006) and a favorable effect of the parasympathetic tone of the ANS on severity of clinical manifestations in TIA (ΔX, r=0.66, p=0.026) were determined. The patients with CHC found an inverse relation: (AMo; r=-0.48; p=0.026) and (r=0.55, p=0.009). The group with stroke revealed a negative effect of growing parasympathycotonya after the end of the first decade (pNN50, r=-0.72, p=0.028). In the group of patients with rapid recovery of the neurological deficit (CHC, TIA, LI) there was a negative AMO / Mo dependence. The patients with all variants of stroke detected a positive relation of ΔX / Mo. In the isolation of a group of young patients with stroke, certain patterns were confirmed, and the positive ratio (ΔX / Mo) at the end of the treatment preserved only in patients with a large site of stroke affection. Conclusion. The key difference of the vegetative status of the patients with TIA from the stroke group is predominance of activity of the sympathetic ANS segment with an increase of parasympathycotonya in exercise. The stroke patients irrespective of the size showed an increase in activity of the parasympathetic link of the ANS in response to an increase in the humoral effect.
GENERALIZED ASPERGILLOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH CLINICAL STAGE IV OF HIV INFECTION
Authors: Romanova E. I. , Krasavtsev E. L. , Tarasenko S. V.
Published: November 2021

The article describes a clinical case of the asymptomatic course of generalized aspergillosis associated with HIV infection diagnosed at autopsy.
Letterer-Siwe disease
Authors: Shalyga I. F. , Tishchenko G. V. , Martemyanova L. A. , Turchenko S. Yu. , Avizhets Yu. N.
Published: November 2021

The article describes a case of Letterer-Siwe disease (Langerhans cells histocytosis, histiocytosis X) in a 1-year-old infant, presents the authors` own observations focusing on the macroscopic and histological picture of skin lesions. The work also notes difficulties of diagnosis of this disease. Reliable morphological features of Letterer-Siwe disease were revealed during the histologic examination of the skin.
THICKNESS OF subcutaneous AND preperitoneal fat: ASSESSMENT AND IMPORTANCE OF THE PARAMETER IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH COMPONENTS OF METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors: Kononova O. N. , Pristrom A. M. , Nikolayeva N. V. , Zotova O. V. , Korotayev A. V. , Kovsh E. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess results of ultrasonography of the thickness of subcutaneous and preperitoneal fat in women with components of metabolic syndrome in the first trimester of pregnancy (n = 143). Material and methods. Anthropometrical parameters, indicators of carbohydrate and lipid exchange have been investigated. The thickness of subcutaneous and preperitoneal fat has been studied. Results. It has been found that increased thickness of subcutaneous and preperitoneal fat is observed in pregnant women with both metabolic syndrome and risk factors for development of metabolic syndrome. Women of reproductive age with obesity make a risk group of development of metabolic disorders in the gestational period. Conclusion. To prevent metabolic disorders and reproductive losses, it is necessary to take measures to reduce overweight in women before pregnancy. Prevalence and importance of obesity and metabolic syndrome in female patients of reproductive age necessitate further comprehensive and thorough investigation of pathogenetic mechanisms of its development aimed at decrease of cardiovascular risks in future.
Clinical CHARACTERISTICS of children with neurocirculatory dystonia ON hypertonic type
Authors: Ivkina S. S. , Skuratova N. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study clinical characteristics of children with neurocirculatory dystonia (NCD) on hypertonic type. Material and methods . The study included 30 children aged 7-16 with NCD on hypertensive type who were undergoing a check-up or treatment at the Cardiologic Ward of Gomel Regional Children's Clinical Hospital. Results. According to the data of the clinical examination of the children with NCD on hypertensive type, it was found that the majority of the patients had neurological and cardiac complaints; intensive physical development, clinically non-significant arrhythmias, hypersympathicotonic vegetative reactivity, moderate exercise tolerance and labile arterial hypertension according to the data of 24-hour blood pressure monitoring were predominant. Conclusion . The described clinical characteristics of the children with NCD on hypertonic type testify to the presence of functional shifts in the vegetative regulation in the patients of this group, which makes it possible to select a pathogenetically grounded therapy and to control its effectiveness.
Algorithm of Radiological Diagnostics of Dystrophic Damage to Ligaments of the Lumbosacral Spine in the Lower Back Pain Syndrome: the Potential of Sonography
Authors: Mihailov A. N. , Yurkovskiy A. M. , Nazarenko I. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to formulate the main points of the diagnostic algorithm in the lower back pain syndrome caused by pathology of the ilio-lumbar, posterior long sacroiliac, and sacrotuberal ligaments based on the limits and potential of visualization methods. Material. Data of X-ray, multispiral computer tomography (MSCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and sonography of 184 patients aged 19-79 with clinical manifestations of the lower back pain syndrome caused by pathology of the ilio-lumbar, posterior long sacroiliac, and sacrotuberal ligaments were analyzed. Results. The potential of the visualization methods in the assessment of structural changes of the ilio-lumbar, posterior long sacroiliac, and sacrotuberal ligaments has been identified. The main points of the algorithm which makes it possible to diagnose the lower back pain syndrome, caused by pathology of ilio-lumbar, posterior long sacroiliac and sacrotuberal ligaments have been formulated. Conclusion. The choice of the visualization method in the lower back pain syndrome, caused by ligamentosis of the ilio-lumbar, posterior long sacroiliac, and sacrotuberal ligaments must be made taking into account the limits and potential of MSCT, MRI and sonography, which will shorten the time of diagnostic search and reduce the risk of diagnostic errors.
Etiologic Structure of Bloodstream Infections
Authors: Bonda N. A. , Lagun L. V. , Tapalski D. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess the etiological structure of bacteremia in various pathological conditions. Material and methods. To check blood sterility, we analyzed results of 4548 blood tests of patients with lower respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, endocarditis, burns, cancer, fever of unknown etiology, sepsis. Cultural blood analysis was performed by means of the traditional bacteriological method or using an automated hemocultivator. Results. We isolated 477 clinically significant blood cultures. Gram-positive microorganisms prevailed over gram-negative in terms of the isolation rate, and fungemia was observed considerably most rarely (4.4%). Microbial inoculation found by the automated method was 1.5 times as high as that found by the traditional two-phase medium (14.7 and 9.5%, respectively). The etiological structure of microorganisms isolated as blood cultures in various nosological forms was assessed. Conclusion. We have revealed the prevalence of coagulase-negative staphylococci in patients with fever of unknown etiology (53.7 %), lower respiratory tract infections (39.5 %), endocarditis (31.4 %), burns (30.5 %) compared to other nosological forms. Enterobacteria were isolated with higher frequency in bacteremia in patients with malignant tumors (30.0 %) and urinary system infections (29.4 %), and gram-negative non-fermenting bacteria - with the highest specific weight in the isolated hemoculture associated with burn disease (31.6 %) and urinary system infections (29.4 %), enterococci - with greater frequency in bacteremia in patients with endocarditis (23.5 %).
The Modifying Effect of Alcohol on Formation of a Hostile Position in Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Hmara N. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the effect of alcohol on formation of a hostile position in patients suffering from schizophrenia. Material and methods. A comparative, cross-sectional, one-stage study of persons suffering from schizophrenia up to 5 years over 2015-2017 has been performed. The following evaluation methods were used: hostile attributive style - the AIHQ scale (D. R. Combs et аl., 2007), screening for alcohol use - the ASSIST scale (R. Humeniuk et al., 2008), severity of psychopathological symptoms - the PANSS scale (S. Kay, L. Opler, 1986). Results. The group with a low «risk level» of problematic alcohol use revealed the lowest indices by the PANSS «Paranoid Militancy» and «PANSS-Hostility» subscales. The comparison of psychometric parameters by the AIHQ Scale among persons suffering from schizophrenia has revealed that an increase in the amount and frequency of alcohol consumption leads to an increase of indices of anger and accusations in deliberate situations. Conclusion. The obtained data make it possible to assume presence of the modifying effect of quantitative parameters of alcohol use on formation of a hostile position in persons suffering from schizophrenia.
The Features of the Formation of Antibiotic Resistance in the Causative Agents of Pyo-Inflammatory Lung Diseases
Authors: Petuhov V. I. , Okulich V. K. , Zemko V. Yu. , Kornilov A. V. , Dzyadz’Ko A. M. , Kubrakov K. M.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the features of the formation of antibacterial resistance of the causative agents of pyo-inflammatory lung diseases. Material and methods. The microbiological landscape of 59 patients with severe forms of pneumonia, the ability of the isolates to form biofilms, and the presence of the resistance genes to carbapenems and cephalosporins have been studied. Results. 73 isolates were isolated by the microbiological method. K. pneumoniae was the most common (64.4%). The microflora was not detected in 5 cases. The use of the PCR diagnostics made it possible to identify the associations of microorganisms in all the cases. P. aeruginosa was the one which formed the biofilm most intensively. The most common resistance genes were OXA-48 (63.1 %), CTX-M (35.9 %), and NDM (25 %). Conclusion. K. pneumoniae having the OXA-48 resistance gene was the most common pathogen in the patients with severe forms of pneumonia in the Resuscitation and Intensive Care Ward of Vitebsk Regional Clinical Hospital. The majority of the isolates possessed a moderate or high ability to form the biofilm with its maximum weight in P. aeruginosa 136.5 [23; 75.1] µg/well. The detection of antibiotic resistance genes by the method of the PCR diagnostics will make it possible to adjust the choice of drugs.
Medical and Social Assessment of Men`s Reproductive Health
Authors: Cheshik I. A. , Sharshakova T. M. , Shcherbakova E. N.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess the influence of medical and social factors on the reproductive health of male population. Material and methods. The agenda of the study of the medical and social aspects of men`s reproductive health was developed aimed at the fulfilment of the stated objective. The object of the study was a group of men aged 18-75 living in Gomel (n = 200). The study included a survey according to the WHO short questionnaire for the assessment of the quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF). The men`s awareness and attitude to their health, as well as reproductive mindset were studied, the sources of their formation were determined. Results and discussion. As a result of the survey, it has been ascertained that social status affects not only the quality of life but also the satisfaction level with personal health. Thus, the majority of entrepreneurs gave high rating of both the quality of their life and their health status - 87.5 and 75 %, respectively. However, it was found that students revealed the highest level of satisfaction with their health (92 %) and one of the lowest levels of satisfaction with the quality of their life (6 %). The survey results confirm a direct correlation between the age and presence of acute or chronic diseases and pathological conditions of the genitourinary system in men. Conclusion. Social status affects not only the quality of life but also satisfaction with the personal health status. Infertility and prostate disorders show the most significant growth among men`s reproductive health disorders in Gomel.
Organization of Medical Care at the Vascular Surgery of Pre-Stroke Disorders and Emergency Neurosurgical Care Ward
Authors: Ivantsov O. A.
Published: November 2021

The article analyses the organization and results of the activities of the Vascular Surgery of Pre-Stroke Disorders and Emergency Neurosurgical Care Ward, founded at Gomel Regional Clinical Hospital of the Disabled of World War II in 2015, to provide medical care to patients with vascular pathology. It gives the data on the bed fund, staffing and personnel potential of the ward, facilities for complex and high tech surgery, lists modern methods applied in the treatment of patients with vascular disorders. The article summarizes the prospects of the treatment and rehabilitation of this category of patients at the new ward taking into account the experience which has been accumulated for the past three years of its existence.
Postaddictive Hypochondria. Clinical Cases (Message 2)
Authors: Tolkanets S. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective : to study the phenomenology of postaddictive hypochondria on new clinical cases. Material and methods . 4 patients of the Borderline Personality Disorders Ward suffering from lingering non-delusional hypochondria were included into the study. The methods of the study - psychosomatic, anamnestic, dynamic. Results . The study has found the leading link of the constitutional anomaly in the form of somatonia as a disturbance of drives with the subsequent formation of postaddictive hypochondria in association with the accentuations of psychotypes. Conclusion. The study has proved that postaddictive hypochondria is on the register of personal psychopathologies.
The Surgical Anatomy of the Intrapelvic Anastomoses of the Inferior Gluteal Artery
Authors: Kuzmenko A. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to determine the types of localization, frequency of occurrence and quantity of the intrapelvic anastomoses of the inferior gluteal artery. Material and methods. 117 cadavers from men (at 35-78 years of age) and 31 cadavers from women (at 32 to 90 years of age) who had died of accidental causes not related to pelvic pathology were used as the material for the research. The vascular injection method, preparation method, and statistical method were used to achieve the aim of the research. Results. It has been found out that most often in men and women the intrapelvic anastomoses of the inferior gluteal artery develop in the middle one-third of the intrapelvic part of this artery, significantly more rarely - in its proximal one-third, and very rarely - in its distal one-third. The research has found no linear correlation between the sizes of the diameters of the inferior gluteal artery and the sizes of the diameters of its intrapelvic anastomoses. Conclusion. The performed research has demonstrated that in men and women the intrapelvic anastomoses of the inferior gluteal artery have the definite regularity of origination.
Changes of the Biochemical Parameters of the Blood Serum of Wistar rats Exposed to Chronic Stres
Authors: Kidun K. A. , Litvinenko A. N. , Ugolnik T. S. , Golubykh N. M. , Solodova E. K.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess the effect of chronic nonspecific stress on changes of the biochemical parameters of the blood serum in male Wistar rats.

Material and methods. The experimental study was performed on sexually mature male Wistar rats. The experimental group (n = 71) was exposed to chronic nonspecific stress according to the Ortiz method. The control group of the animals included intact animals (n = 31).

Results. The study has revealed changes in the biochemical composition of the blood serum of the rats: increased activity of ALT, LDH, ALP, urea, uric acid, and cholesterol, a decreased level of triglycerides.

Conclusion. These changes may indicate the alteration of the level of the intensity of the physiological processes of energy supply in the conditions of chronic stress.
Ischemic-Cervical Insufficiency as a Risk Factor for Intrauterine Infection
Authors: Zakharenkova T. N. , Kaplan Yu. D.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the clinical and morphological parallels in women with ischemic-cervical insufficiency (ICI) and to analyze the relationship between the development of intrauterine infection (IUI) of the fetus and the outcome of pregnancy.

Material and methods. Pregnant women (n = 88) with corrected pessaries of ICI (main group) were examined, in 32 of which pregnancy ended in premature birth and in term birth in 56 women. The control group consisted of 30 women with the physiological course of pregnancy. The course of pregnancy has been analyzed, the morphological features of the fetoplacental complex and the health status of the newborns have been studied.

Results. Regardless of the term of labor, the patients with ICI have an increased risk for IUI in the newborn by 36 times compared with the control group (p = 0.012), and inflammatory changes in the placenta are observed in 96.6 % of the cases (2р(F) < 0.0001). In spontaneous preterm birth associated with ICI, chorioamnionitis is observed 7.3 times more often (p = 0.0005) than in urgent birth and is related to premature rupture of the fetal membranes (r = 0.34; p = 0.023) and is 3 times more often accompanied by the development of IUI of the newborn (p = 0.017).

Conclusion: ICI is an important risk factor for intrauterine infection and the development of intrauterine infection of the newborn, which must be taken into account in the management of pregnancy in patients with ICI.