bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosyal Medyada Paylaşılan Çocuklara Ait Görüntülerin Müstehcenlik Suçları (TCK m. 226/3 ve 226/5) Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: CAN Neslihan
Published: June 2023

Bilgi ve iletişim olanaklarının yaygınlaşması ile birlikte çocuklar, akranları ve farklı yaş gruplarından insanlarla etkileşime kolaylıkla geçebilmekte ve özellikle sosyal medyada fotoğraf ve videolar olmak üzere hem kendilerine ait hem de başkalarına ait müstehcen olabilecek özel hayat kapsamında kalan görüntülerini yayabilmektedirler. Bu kolaylıkla birlikte de sosyal medyada gerek fail gerekse de mağdur olarak sanal zorbalık, sanal cinsel istismar, tehdit, şantaj, hakaret, özel hayatın gizliliğinin ihlali, müstehcenlik gibi ceza hukukunun muhtevasındaki fiillerle karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı sosyal medyadaki çocuklara ait müstehcen görüntülerin kaydedilmesi, ele geçirilmesi, bulundurulması ve yayılması fiillerinin Türk ceza hukukundaki karşılığını tespit etmektedir. Bu amacın gerçekleştirilmesi için de öncelikle müstehcenlik kavramının ne olduğu, müstehcenlik ve çocuk pornografisi arasındaki ayrımın ne olduğu ve hangi durumda müstehcen içeriğin ceza hukukunun müdahalesini gerektirdiği ele alınacaktır. Ayrıca Türk Ceza Kanununun (TCK), sosyal medya ile daha geniş kitlelere ulaşabilen çocuk pornografisi ile mücadelede yeterli olup olmadığı değerlendirilecektir. Çalışmada, özellikle Türk hukukunda çocuk pornografisinin sınırlarını çizmek bakımından hukuk dogmatiği yönteminden yararlanılacaktır. İfade özgürlüğü perspektifinden çocuk pornografisine ilişkin yasaklar Amerikan Yüksek Mahkemesi kararlarında detaylıca değerlendirildiğinden müstehcenliğin muhtevasının belirlenmesi için Amerikan Yüksek Mahkeme ve Yargıtay kararlarına da karşılaştırmalı olarak temas edilecektir.
Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi Koruma Sisteminde Tehlikeli Faaliyetler ve Doğal Afetler Karşısında Devletin Yaşam Hakkı Bağlamında Pozitif Yükümlülükleri
Authors: GÜMÜŞ BOYACI Özgem Tuğçe
Published: June 2023

Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi’ne Taraf Devletler, pozitif yükümlülükleri kapsamında kendi yetki alanındaki bireylerin yaşamlarını tehlikeli faaliyetler ve doğal afetler karşısında korumakla yükümlüdür. Çalışmada, Taraf Devletlerin anılan tehlike kaynakları söz konusu olduğunda ortaya çıkan pozitif yükümlülükleri, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi’nin yaşam hakkı bağlamında geliştirdiği ilkeler ve unsurlar eşliğinde incelenmektedir. Buradaki ilk ayrım, Mahkeme’nin devletlerin yaşam hakkına yönelik pozitif yükümlülüklerini maddi ve usuli boyutlarıyla değerlendirmeye tabi tutmasıdır. Pozitif yükümlülüğün maddi boyutu öncelikle yaşam hakkının güvence altına alınması için yeterli ve etkili bir yasal çerçeve sağlamayı gerektirmektedir. Ancak bu tek başına yeterli olmamakta, yükümlülüğün usuli boyutunca yaşam hakkını koruyan yasal çerçevenin etkili bir biçimde uygulanmasını sağlamak ve sorumluların belirlenmesi ve gerektiği halde cezalandırılmalarını sağlayacak etkili soruşturmanın yürütülmesi gerekmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra, AİHS korumasının devlet eylemlerinin ötesine geçerek güvence altına alınan hakların özel kişiler arasındaki ilişkilere de uygulanmasını ifade eden yatay etki kavramı ortaya çıkmaktadır. Yatay etki kavramının yaşam hakkı bağlamında tanınmış olduğu ve devletin yaşamın üçüncü kişilere karşı korunmasına yönelik pozitif yükümlülüklerinin incelemesini yaptığı Osman testi tehlikeli faaliyetler ve doğal afetlere ilişkin içtihadında da takip edilmiştir. Çalışmada, devletin pozitif yükümlülüklerinin yaşamın tehlikeli faaliyetler ile doğal afetler nedeniyle sona erdiği veya yaşama yönelik tehlikenin söz konusu olduğu haller bağlamında incelendiği AİHM içtihadına odaklanılmaktadır. Mahkeme içtihadında çoğunlukla aynı unsurlar üzerinden değerlendirilen bu iki tehlike kaynağı aynı zamanda birtakım ince ayrımlara yol açmıştır. Birbirine benzer yükümlülükler ve ilkeler saptanan her iki kaynağa ilişkin Mahkeme içtihadında, Osman testinden itibaren atıfta bulunduğu bilgi, makullük, risk değerlendirilmesi, öngörülebilirlik, takdir marjı gibi çeşitli hususlar iç içe geçmiştir. Tehlikeli faaliyetler ve doğal afetler karşısında bireyin yaşamının korunmasına yönelik devletlere atfedilen pozitif yükümlülük bağlamında, Mahkeme’nin konuya ilişkin incelemesi ve incelemesindeki öne çıkan unsurlar araştırılmaktadır.
Nuances de Cor: desvendando o espaço escolar através dos olhos da mulher negra – uma investigação das representações imagéticas em livros didáticos de Ciências naturais no norte do Ceará, Brasil
Authors: Barros Diego Matos Araujo , Silva Eduardo Diniz Sousa e , Bonfim Gurhgel Presley Gomes , Araújo Evilândia Alves , Damasceno Gerviz Fernandes de Lima , Kokay Raquel Almeida de Carvalho , Matos Maria Madalena Pereira Barros
Published: June 2023

Esta pesquisa bibliográfica e documental teve como objetivo analisar as representações da mulher negra nos livros didáticos de Ciências do PNLD/2017, utilizados na rede pública municipal de educação de Itapiúna, Ceará[1]. Focand na coleção“Ciências Naturais: Aprendendo com o Cotidiano”, foram examinadas as iconografias das capas, aberturas de unidades e imagens relacionadas às temáticas, utilizando como referências o Parecer 03/CNE/CP/2004, Chartier e              categorias como raça, racismo, preconceito, discriminação racial e identidade negra. A pesquisa é um recorte de um estudo de mestrado concluído em 2021 no Programa de Pós-graduação Interdisciplinar em Humanidades da Unilab-CE, utilizando a Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. Os resultados obtidos demonstram uma baixa representatividade da mulher negra seguida por uma frequência mais intensa da mulher branca na coleção analisada. Além disso, observou-se na investigação um “alinhamento” pontual das representações imagéticas da mulher negra com relação aos três    princípios presentes no Parecer CNE/CP 003/2004: “consciência política e histórica da diversidade”, “fortalecimento   de identidades e direitos”, e “ações educativas de combate ao racismo e às discriminações”.
Relações da hidratação no período pré e pós competições em atletas de artes marciais: revisão narrativa da literatura
Authors: Souza Gabriel Moreira de , Carvalho João Victor Costa Pontes , Maynard Dayanne da Costa
Published: June 2023

No meio das modalidades de artes marciais, temos a divisão de cada categoria pelo peso corporal dos atletas. Visando buscar uma maior vantagem do mecanismo de aferição dos pesos, atletas tendem a baixar o peso abruptamente para então, no dia da competição, estarem com um peso maior que seu oponente trazendo assim uma certa vantagem. Os métodos de perda de peso rápido são agressivos e podem trazer diversas ameaças à saúde do atleta. Assim sendo, esta revisão teve o objetivo de avaliar os estudos relacionados a hidratação dos competidores de artes marciais, e os impactos possíveis na saúde do atleta e sua performance no esporte, as formas de perda de peso e desidratação utilizadas. Foi encontrado que uma perda de peso rápida maior que 5% da massa corporal total traz piora significativa para a performance, marcadores bioquímicos e aspectos psicológico no atleta, essa piora é acentuada quando se é utilizado mais de um método para perda de peso rápida.
Infecção por Pseudomonas aeruginosa em secreção traqueal na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Vieira Márcia Luciane , Delfino Maria Eduarda de Jesus , Gomes Bruno da Silva , Santos Lidyane Rodrigues Oliveira , Silva Maria Eduarda Pereira Passos da , Silva Sâmara Mércia Reis , Silva Aryanne Cristina Ferreira da
Published: June 2023

Introdução: As Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde (IRAS) compõem uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade aos usuários do sistema de saúde. Em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) as IRAS se fazem de maior incidência mediante ao grande uso de dispositivos invasivos, imunossupressores, internações prolongadas, crescimento de bactérias multirresistentes. A Pseudomonas aeruginosa é um dos patógenos com maior ocorrência em IRAS. Objetivo: Analisar as infeções hospitalares na secreção traqueal em UTI por Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, a busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Lilacs e Medline via BVS. No intervalo de anos 2016 a 2023. Os descritores utilizados foram “Pseudomonas aeruginosa”, “UTI” e “Infecção Hospitalar”. Obtivemos no geral 7.384 artigos com as respectivas combinações de descritores. Utilizou-se os filtros presentes nas bases de dados, eliminando os que não apresentavam similaridade. Foram selecionados 37 artigos para leitura de título e resumo. Resultados: Desta análise foram selecionados 9 artigos: Lilacs (8) e Medline (1). Os quais abordavam sobre a recorrência das infecções por Pseudomonas aeruginosa em secreção traqueal de pacientes submetidos a ventilação mecânica prolongada. Considerações Finais: Ao concluir o presente estudo notou-se a grande recorrência de IRAS ocasionadas por bactérias multirresistentes em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Propiciando um enfoque aos achados de maior relevância, que foram as infecções por Pseudomonas aeruginosa em secreção traqueal, os fatores que corroboram os pacientes a adquiri-las, bem como seu perfil de suscetibilidade aos antimicrobianos testados.
Papel do profissional da enfermagem no aleitamento materno: uma revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Oliveira Ana Clara Silva , Cortez Eduardo Nogueira , Costa Igor Augusto da Cruz , Medeiros Izabela Cristina Batista , Modesto Manuella Cecília Couto
Published: June 2023

O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa de literatura para analisar o papel do profissional de enfermagem no aleitamento materno, identificando suas contribuições, melhores práticas, desafios e evidências científicas disponíveis. Foi realizada uma busca sistemática em bases de dados eletrônicas, selecionando estudos publicados nos últimos dez anos que abordavam o papel do profissional de enfermagem no contexto do aleitamento materno. Os resultados indicaram que o profissional de enfermagem desempenha um papel fundamental na promoção, apoio e incentivo ao aleitamento materno. As melhores práticas identificadas incluem o fornecimento de informações e orientações baseadas em evidências, o estabelecimento de um vínculo de confiança com as mães, a criação de ambientes favoráveis e a colaboração multidisciplinar. No entanto, foram identificados desafios a serem enfrentados, como a falta de tempo adequado e a influência de crenças culturais. Esses achados destacam a necessidade de investimentos na formação contínua do profissional de enfermagem, bem como de estratégias para superar os desafios e promover o aleitamento materno como uma prática de saúde de extrema importância.
Moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in children: focus on systemic Th2 cytokine receptor antagonists and Janus kinase inhibitors
Authors: Kim Jeong Hee , Samra Mona Salem
Published: June 2023

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a lifelong disease that markedly impairs quality of life. AD is considered a starting point of the “atopic march,” which begins at a young age and may progress to systemic allergic diseases. Moreover, it is strongly associated with comorbid allergic and inﬂammatory diseases including arthritis and inﬂammatory bowel disease. Understanding the pathogenesis of AD is essential for the development of targeted therapies. Epidermal barrier dysfunction, immune deviation toward a T helper 2 proinﬂammatory profile, and microbiome dysbiosis play important roles via complex interactions. The systemic involvement of type 2 inﬂammation, wheather acute or chronic, and whether extrinsic or intrinsic, is evident in any type of AD. Studies on AD endotypes with unique biological mechanisms have been conducted according to clinical phenotypes, such as race or age, but the endotype for each phenotype, or endophenotype, has not yet been clearly identified. Therefore, AD is still being treated according to severity rather than endotype. Infancy-onset and severe AD are known risk factors leading to atopic march. In addition, up to 40% of adult AD are cases of infancy-onset AD that persist into adulthood, and these are often accompanied by other allergic diseases. Therefore, early intervention strategies to identify high-risk infants and young children, repair an impaired skin barrier, and control systemic inﬂamation may improve long-term outcomes in AD patients. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has evaluated the eﬀectiveness of early intervention on atopic march using systemic therapy in high-risk infants. This narrative review addresses the latest knowledge of systemic treatment, including Th2 cytokine receptor antagonists and Janus kinase inhibitors, for children with moderate to severe AD that is refractory to topical treatment.
Association between dyslipidemia and asthma in children: a systematic review and multicenter cohort study using a common data model
Authors: Lim Ji Eun , Kim Hye Min , Kim Ju Hee , Baek Hey Sung , Han Man Yong
Published: June 2023

Background: The association between dyslipidemia and asthma in children remains unclear.Purpose: This study investigated the association between dyslipidemia and cholesterol levels in children.Methods: A systematic literature review was performed to identify studies investigating the association between dyslipidemia and asthma in children. The PubMed database was searched for articles published from January 2000–March 2022. Data from a cohort study using electronic health records from 5 hospitals, converted to the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model (OMOP-CDM), were used to identify the association between total cholesterol (TC) levels and asthma in children. This cohort study used the Cox proportional hazards model to examine hazard ratio (HR) of asthma after propensity score matching, and included an aggregate meta-analysis of HR.Results: We examined 11 studies reporting an association between dyslipidemia and asthma in children. Most were cross-sectional; however, their results were inconsistent. In OMOP-CDM multicenter analysis, the high TC (>170 mg/dL) group included 29,038 children, while the normal TC (≤170 mg/dL) group included 88,823 children including all hospital datasets. In a meta-analysis of this multicenter cohort, a significant association was found between high TC levels and later development of asthma in children <15 years of age (pooled HR, 1.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–1.52).Conclusion: Elevated TC levels in children may be associated with asthma.
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors:   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Ushakova O.V. , Baglay I.A. ,   Clinical-Diagnostic Center of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Kuznetsova Yu.A. ,   Clinical-Diagnostic Center of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Cheremisina L.V. ,   Clinical-Diagnostic Center of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia
Published: June 2023

In modern medicine, more and more attention is paid to problems diagnosed during pregnancy, which significantly increase the risk of complications and adverse outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth. COVID-19 infection may adversely affect the course of pregnancy, including the development of gestational diabetes mellitus. The article presents the results of the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women who had COVID-19 3-6 months before pregnancy
Hubungan Religious Coping dengan Resiliensi pada Pasien Stroke di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Purwokerto Selatan
Authors: Setyaputra Muhammad Ghazy , Sebayang Septian Mixrova , Ningrum Ema Wahyu
Published: June 2023

Stroke is a disease condition caused by a sudden cessation of blood flow to the brain, either due to blockage or rupture of blood vessels and is the third most common non-communicable disease after hypertension and diabetes. Stroke has a psychological impact that causes the patient to be irresistible. Resilience affects the recovery process in stroke patients. Stroke sufferers who are not resilient are influenced by religious coping (spirituality) where spiritual strength and belief can increase resilience in individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between religious coping and resilience in stroke patients in the Work Area of the South Purwokerto Public Health Center. Research design is correlation study survey with a cross sectional time approach. The sample of this research was 45 respondents using simple random sampling technique. Data analysis was determined by the spearman-rank test. The results showed that religious coping in stroke patients in the Work Area of the South Purwokerto Health Center was mostly positive (84.4%). The resilience of stroke patients in the Work Area of the South Purwokerto Health Center is mostly high (86.7%). The results of the Spearman rank correlation test showed that the p-value was 0.0001 (p-value < 0,05). The conclusion is that there is a correlation between Religious coping and Resilience in Stroke patients in work area at South Purwokerto Health Center.
Pengaruh Pemberian Kapsul Jintan Hitam terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Ibu Rumah Tangga
Authors: Susanto Bela Novita Amaris , Susanto Nindita Clourisa Amaris
Published: June 2023

Along with increasing age, a person's health condition can decrease, thus making him susceptible to various kinds of degenerative diseases. One of the early metabolic syndromes for degenerative diseases is high cholesterol levels. Prevention can be done by consuming black cumin which has a lot of content and benefits. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of consuming black cumin capsules on total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein and triglyceride levels in housewives. Quasi experimental research with one group pre-test post-test approach. Samples were taken by purposive sampling technique, amounting to 20 housewives. The research was conducted from March to July 2022 in Tangerang City. Laboratory measurements were carried out before and after administration of black cumin capsules at a dose of 3x1 capsules per day. The data were analyzed using the paired sample t-test. The results showed that the p value for total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, and triglycerides was < 0.001 (p < 0.05). There is an effect of consuming black cumin capsules on decreasing total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and triglyceride levels, and effect on increasing high density lipoprotein levels. It is hoped that black cumin capsules can be used as a companion or additional therapy in controlling cholesterol levels in the body.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Siswa SMAN 3 Padang dengan Tingkat Kecemasan terhadap Covid-19
Authors: Reni Renidayati , Rachmadanur N. , Qadrina Meliza Ella
Published: June 2023

Student anxiety about Covid-19 is a signal to alert and warn someone of the dangers that threaten to relate to Covid-19. Anxiety about Covid-19 can happen to anyone, including teenagers. The negative impact of this anxiety is excessive anxiety. This study aims to determine the relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of SMAN 3 Padang students with the level of anxiety about Covid-19. This research is an analytic study, with a cross sectional. The population in this study were all students of class X-XI SMAN 3 Padang as many as 704 students. Sampling was done by simple random sampling with a total sample of 98 respondents. The research was carried out in January-June 2022, where the research location was at SMAN 3 Padang. data collection using a questionnaire. Data analysis includes univariate and bivariate. This study found that 54.1% of respondents felt anxious, 56.1% of respondents had less knowledge regarding Covid-19, and 65.3% of respondents had negative attitudes regarding Covid-19. A significant relationship was found between knowledge and anxiety (p-value= 0.000), and a significant relationship was found between attitudes and anxiety (p-value= 0.000). Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that knowledge and attitudes contribute to student anxiety during the Covid-19 period. Students are advised to be able to control anxiety by consulting with BK, enriching knowledge about preventing Covid-19, and implementing health protocols.
Engaging with Bot Narratives: The Audience Experience and Perceptions of Machine Script Writers
Authors: Son Rachel , Yang Qingyuan , Vollmer Ben T. , Johnson Benjamin K.
Published: June 2023

Use of AI technology for entertainment purposes is becoming more prevalent, which raises questions about how engagement with machine-generated narratives influences audiences’ enjoyment and perception of the story’s creator. We conducted a 2 (human author vs. bot author) x 2 (human label vs. bot label) between-subjects experiment to examine how actual authorship and labels about authorship affect narrative engagement and enjoyment as well as perceived authenticity, humanness, and mind of the author. Results indicate that the authorship label had effects on readers’ perceptions of the author, but whether the story was written by a human or ChatGPT did not. Engagement and enjoyment were consistent across authors and labels. We also found no support for narrative engagement as a mediator on enjoyment or perceptions of author.
Exposure to and Effects of International Entertainment on Streaming Platforms: A Review and Agenda for Future Media Psychology Research
Authors: Son Rachel , Moss Chelsea , Johnson Benjamin K.
Published: June 2023

The chapter draws from relevant literature in media psychology on the selection, use, and effects of entertainment media to inform an agenda for future research into international content on streaming services. Viewers may be less likely to select foreign over domestic narratives, yet a variety of motivational factors, message factors, and situational factors can contribute to interest in international entertainment. Next, the entertainment experience entails information processing, including character, narrative, and emotional engagement. We examine available evidence and theory about how international entertainment is processed by viewers. After processing, these narratives can yield affective, behavioral, and cognitive media effects. The chapter examines potential effects of streaming international entertainment, as well as the potential for dynamic effects over time.
Teknisk förändring som innehåll i teknikundervisning
Authors: Hallström Jonas
Published: June 2023

Hösten 2022 infördes en ny läroplan för den svenska grundskolan, Lgr22, som också innehåller nya kursplaner. För teknikämnet innebär denna förändring att, i jämförelse med tidigare kursplaner, kunskapsinnehåll som relaterar till teknisk förändring blir ytterligare förstärkt. Syftet med den här artikeln är att definiera vad som kan vara kunskap, begrepp och progression när det gäller teknisk förändring, baserat på min egen forskning inom teknikens didaktik och teknikhistoria. Artikeln lyfter utifrån tre didaktiska modeller fram centrala kunskapsområden, begrepp och progression relaterade till teknisk förändring och teknikhistoria som innehåll i ämnet teknik.
Innovation, Automation and Informatics Improves Quality in Lerdsin Hospital, Thailand
Authors: Karnchanaphiboonwong Adchada , Sringam Patcharawadee , Niwattakul Kawinna , Krommuang Teerayut , Gammie Alistair
Published: June 2023

This paper describes a planned, continuous improvement journey, of a laboratory that has installed a system with a single sample touch from blood draw to result. To achieve this, physical connectivity of systems from phlebotomy through pre-analytical to the analytical phase were paired with informatics connectivity from the patient’s national identity card to the hospital and laboratory informatics management systems (LIMS) and associated middleware. This allowed accurate time stamps to track turnaround time (TAT). TAT metrics were collected from the LIMS for inpatient, emergency room and outpatient samples and tests over a period of 7 months. This time span incorporated the 2-month period before automation was implemented. The results for all tests and specific tests are shown and the results of an analysis of the outpatient phlebotomy workflow are given. The implemented solution has improved outpatient TAT by over 54% and has shown that samples can be collected, and results obtained without touching the sample. Improving intra-laboratory TAT is an important quality goal for all laboratories. The implementation of automation is important in achieving this albeit more about obtaining predictable TAT. Automation does not necessarily improve TAT it removes variation which leads to predictable TAT (PTAT). Automation should only be considered with a strategic vision for the future as it is important to have clear goals and objectives based on the individual laboratories process and needs. Automating a poor process leads to an automated poor process. Here, an innovative use of automation, hardware and software has resulted in marked improvement in TAT across all samples processed in the central laboratory.
Microbiome maps: Hilbert curve visualizations of metagenomic profiles
Authors: Valdes Camilo , Stebliankin Vitalii , Ruiz-Perez Daniel , Park Ji In , Lee Hajeong , Narasimhan Giri
Published: June 2023

Abundance profiles from metagenomic sequencing data synthesize information from billions of sequenced reads coming from thousands of microbial genomes. Analyzing and understanding these profiles can be a challenge since the data they represent are complex. Particularly challenging is their visualization, as existing techniques are inadequate when the taxa number is in the thousands. We present a technique, and accompanying software, for the visualization of metagenomic abundance profiles using a space-filling curve that transforms a profile into an interactive 2D image. We created Jasper, an easy to use tool for the visualization and exploration of metagenomic profiles from DNA sequencing data. It orders taxa using a space-filling Hilbert curve, and creates a “Microbiome Map”, where each position in the image represents the abundance of a single taxon from a reference collection. Jasper can order taxa in multiple ways, and the resulting microbiome maps can highlight “hot spots” of microbes that are dominant in taxonomic clades or biological conditions. We use Jasper to visualize samples from a variety of microbiome studies, and discuss ways in which microbiome maps can be an invaluable tool to visualize spatial, temporal, disease, and differential profiles. Our approach can create detailed microbiome maps involving hundreds of thousands of microbial reference genomes with the potential to unravel latent relationships (taxonomic, spatio-temporal, functional, and other) that could remain hidden using traditional visualization techniques. The maps can also be converted into animated movies that bring to life the dynamicity of microbiomes.
P3HB from CH4 using methanotrophs: aspects of bioreactor, fermentation process and modelling for cost-effective biopolymer production
Authors: Safaeian Parya , Yazdian Fatemeh , Khosravi-Darani Kianoush , Rashedi Hamid , Lackner Maximilian
Published: June 2023

P3HB (poly-β-hydroxybutyrate), an energy-storage compound of several microorganisms, can be used as bioplastics material. P3HB is completely biodegradable under aerobic and aerobic conditions, also in the marine environment. The intracellular agglomeration of P3HB was examined employing a methanotrophic consortium. Supplanting fossil, non-degradable polymers by P3HB can significantly reduce the environmental impact of plastics. Utilizing inexpensive carbon sources like CH4 (natural gas, biogas) is a fundamental methodology to make P3HB production less costly, and to avoid the use of primary agricultural products such as sugar or starch. Biomass growth in polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) in general and in Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) manufacture in specific could be a foremost point, so here the authors focus on natural gas as a proper carbon source and on the selection of bioreactors to produceP3HB, and in future further PHA, from that substrate. CH4 can also be obtained from biomass, e.g., biogas, syngas methanation or power-to-gas (synthetic natural gas, SNG). Simulation software can be utilized for examination, optimizing and scale-up of the process as shown in this paper. The fermentation systems continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR), forced-liquid vertical loop bioreactor (VTLB), forced-liquid horizontal tubular loop bioreactor (HTLB), airlift (AL) fermenter and bubble column (BC) fermenter were compared for their methane conversion, kLa value, productivity, advantages and disadvantages. Methane is compared to methanol and other feedstocks. It was discovered that under optimum processing circumstances and using Methylocystis hirsuta, the cells accumulated 51.6% cell dry mass of P3HB in the VTLB setup.
New insights on the interplays between m6A modifications and microRNA or lncRNA in gastrointestinal cancers
Authors: Su Tao , Liu Jiandong , Zhang Nasha , Wang Teng , Han Linyu , Wang Suzhen , Yang Ming
Published: June 2023

N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is one of the most extremely examined RNA modifications. M6A modification evidently impacts cancer development by effecting RNA metabolism. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in multiple essential biological processes by regulating gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Accumulated evidences indicated that m6A is involved in regulating the cleavage, stability, structure, transcription, and transport of lncRNAs or miRNAs. Additionally, ncRNAs also play significant roles in modulating m6A levels of malignant cells by participating in the regulation of m6A methyltransferases, the m6A demethylases and the m6A binding proteins. In this review, we systematically summarize the new insight on the interactions between m6A and lncRNAs or miRNAs, as well as their impacts on gastrointestinal cancer progression. Although there are still extensive studies on genome-wide screening of crucial lncRNAs or miRNAs involved in regulating m6A levels of mRNAs and disclosing differences on mechanisms of regulating m6A modification of lncRNAs, miRNAs or mRNAs in cancer cells, we believe that targeting m6A-related lncRNAs and miRNAs may provide novel options for gastrointestinal cancer treatments.
Remote monitoring titration clinic to implement guideline-directed therapy for heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction: a pilot quality-improvement intervention
Authors: Romero Erick , Yala Stella , Sellers-Porter Camryn , Lynch Genevieve , Mwathi Veronicah , Hellier Yvette , Goldman Svetlana , Rocha Paulo , Fine Jeffrey R. , Liem David , Bidwell Julie T. , Ebong Imo , Gibson Michael , Cadeiras Martin
Published: June 2023

Introduction

Guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) is the recommended treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, the implementation remains limited, with suboptimal use and dosing. The study aimed to assess the feasibility and effect of a remote monitoring titration program on GDMT implementation.

Methods

HFrEF patients were randomly assigned to receive either usual care or a quality-improvement remote titration with remote monitoring intervention. The intervention group used wireless devices to transmit heart rate, blood pressure, and weight data daily, which were reviewed by physicians and nurses every 2–4 weeks. Medication tolerance was assessed via phone, and dosage instructions were given. This workflow was repeated until target doses were reached or further adjustments were not tolerated. A 4-GDMT score measured use and target dosage, with the primary endpoint being the score at 6 months follow-up.

Results

Baseline characteristics were similar (n = 55). A median of 85% of patients complied with transmitting device data every week. At the 6-month follow-up, the intervention group had a 4-GDMT score of 64.6% compared to 56.5% in the usual care group (p = 0.01), with a difference of 8.1% (95% CI: 1.7%–14.5%). Similar results were seen at the 12-month follow-up [difference 12.8% (CI: 5.0%–20.6%)]. The intervention group showed a positive trend in ejection fraction and natriuretic peptides, with no significant difference between groups.

Conclusions

The study suggests that a full-scale trial is feasible and that utilizing a remote titration clinic with remote monitoring has the potential to enhance the implementation of guideline-directed therapy for HFrEF.
Characteristics and controls of an offshore freshened groundwater system in the Shengsi region, East China Sea
Authors: Thomas Ariel T. , Micallef Aaron , Duan Shuangmin , Zou Zhihui
Published: June 2023

Offshore freshened groundwater (OFG) has been encountered in continental margins around the world and identified as a potential unconventional water resource. In China, coastal areas and islands face limited freshwater resources. The East China Sea, specifically the region north of Shengsi islands, may contain an OFG system hosted in buried paleochannels associated with the ancient Yangtze river. To assess the OFG potential, characteristics, and controls in this region, we employed an integrated modeling approach. We constructed a 2D geological model of Quaternary sediments based on data from two well sites. By considering sea-level fluctuations over the past 200,000 years, we conducted a paleo-reconstruction of groundwater flow and solute transport conditions on the 2D transect. We compared the simulated present-day distribution of OFG in the model with borehole observations. Our findings indicate that the region was mostly sub-aerially exposed during the simulated period, allowing for potential meteoric recharge. Numerical results demonstrate a high likelihood of a laterally extensive OFG system existing today. The mechanism responsible for its formation appears to be meteoric recharge and offshore directed groundwater flow caused by increased hydraulic gradients during sea-level lowstand. The model suggests that the OFG system forms an oceanward dipping wedge, with the top occurring approximately 50–100 m below the seafloor. Freshwater is likely present down to the basement at around 250 m. The geometry and volume of the OFG system are strongly influenced by the shelf stratigraphy. We estimate the volume of freshwater in the region to range from 0.5 to 1.6 km3 km-1, indicating a viable potential freshwater resource for the Shengsi region and coastal city of Shanghai. To gain further insights, we recommend conducting additional investigations using geophysical techniques.
Multifractal analysis of the heterogeneity of nanopores in tight reservoirs based on boosting machine learning algorithms
Authors: Li Guan , Han Changcheng , Zhang Zizhao , Hu Chenlin , Jin Yujie , Yang Yi , Qi Ming , He Xudong
Published: June 2023

Exploring the geological factors that affect fluid flow has always been a hot topic. For tight reservoirs, the pore structure and characteristics of different lithofacies reveal the storage status of fluids in different reservoir environments. The size, connectivity, and distribution of fillers in different sedimentary environments have always posed a challenge in studying the microscopic heterogeneity. In this paper, six logging curves (gamma-ray, density, acoustic, compensated neutron, shallow resistivity, and deep resistivity) in two marker wells, namely, J1 and J2, of the Permian Lucaogou Formation in the Jimsar Basin are tested by using four reinforcement learning algorithms: LogitBoost, GBM, XGBoost, and KNN. The total percent correct of training well J2 is 96%, 96%, 96%, and 96%, and the total percent correct of validation well J1 is 75%, 68%, 72%, and 75%, respectively. Based on the lithofacies classification obtained by using reinforcement learning algorithm, micropores, mesopores, and macropores are comprehensively described by high-pressure mercury injection and low-pressure nitrogen gas adsorption tests. The multifractal theory servers for the quantitative characterization of the pore distribution heterogeneity regarding different lithofacies samples, and as observed, the higher probability measure area of the generalized fractal spectrum affects the heterogeneity of the local interval of mesopores and macropores of the estuary dam. In the micropore and mesopore, the heterogeneity of the evaporation lake showed a large variation due to the influence of the higher probability measure area, and in the mesopore and macropore, the heterogeneity of the evaporation lake was controlled by the lower probability measure area. According to the correlation analysis, the single-fractal dimension is well related to the multifractal parameters, and the individual fitting degree reaches up to 99%, which can serve for characterizing the pore size distribution uniformity. The combination of boosting machine learning and multifractal can help to better characterize the micro-heterogeneity under different sedimentary environments and different pore size distribution ranges, which is helpful in the exploration and development of oil fields.
Comparison of frozen-thaw blastocyst transfer strategies in women aged 35–40 years: a retrospective study
Authors: Wu Yanhong , Lu Xiaosheng , Chen Haoying , Fu Yanghua , Zhao Junzhao
Published: June 2023

Objective

To compare the effects of five different frozen-thaw embryo transfer (FET) strategies in women aged 35–40 years.

Methods

Data from 1,060 patients were divided into five groups according to the number and quality of transferred blastocysts: a high-quality single blastocyst group (group A, n= 303), a high-quality double blastocysts group (group B, n= 176), a high-quality plus poor-quality double blastocysts group (group C, n= 273), a poor-quality double blastocysts group (group D, n= 189), and a poor-quality single blastocyst group (group E, n= 119). Comparative analyses were then performed between groups with regard to primary conditions, pregnancy, and neonatal outcomes.

Results

Group A had the lowest twin pregnancy rate (1.97%) and incidence of low-birth-weight infants (3.45%), which were significantly different from groups B, C, and D. In addition, the preterm birth rate (7.89%), neonatal birth weight (3300 g [3000, 3637.5]), and neonatal birth age (39.14 weeks [38.43, 39.61]) in group A were different from those in groups B and C. Double blastocyst transfer (DBT) was associated with a 20.558-fold (Risk Ratio [RR]=20.558, 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.628–63.763) and 3.091-fold (RR=3.091, 95% CI, 1.69–5.653) increased risk of twin pregnancy and preterm delivery in unadjusted analysis, respectively, when compared with single blastocyst transfer (SBT). In the adjusted analysis, we observed similar risk estimates (adjusted RR=26.501, 95% CI, 8.503–82.592; adjusted RR=3.586, 95% CI, 1.899–6.769).

Conclusion

Although, high-quality SBT resulted in a lower live birth rate than high-quality DBT, it also significantly reduced the risk of adverse pregnancies, thus resulting in more benefits for both the mother and baby. Collectively, our data indicate that high-quality SBT remains the optimal FET strategy for women aged 35–40 years and warrants further clinical application.
Research on electro-hydraulic composite drive winch and energy recovery system for mobile crane
Authors: Xu Xianggen , Lin Tianliang , Ren Haoling , Guo Tong , Li Zhongshen , Miao Cheng
Published: June 2023

Owing to the high power consumption and limited control precision of traditional hydraulic drive winch systems, this study proposes hydraulic and electric-type energy recovery systems. The accumulator used in the hydraulic type has low energy density, which makes it difficult to store a large amount of energy. Meanwhile, the electric motor/generator used in the electric type cannot solve the secondary slip because of oil leakage, which leads to low controllability and high-power consumption under near-zero speed and high torque conditions. Thus, based on electric construction machinery with high-pressure, energy-dense electric energy storage units, this study proposes an electro-hydraulic composite drive winch and energy recovery system and control strategy for mobile cranes. Considering the good control characteristics of the electric motor/generator and the high-power density of the hydraulic accumulator, this hydroelectric composite drive and energy recovery system may solve the secondary sliding challenge and ensure large torque output at near-zero speed. A simulation model of the mobile crane is established to verify the feasibility of the proposed system and control strategy. The research results showed that the system is more efficient at recovering energy when the weight is lowered by a greater distance.
Stability analysis of two-terminal HVDC transmission systems using SISO open-loop gains
Authors: Tan Shangning , Liu Junliang , Du Xiong , Yang Hongjun , Cao Yuelong
Published: June 2023

The ports of a three-phase voltage source converter have multiple frequency electrical parameters, which makes HVDC systems with these converters present multiple input multiple output (MIMO) characteristics. The generalized Nyquist criterion of the MIMO model is often used to analyze the system stability. However, this model is more difficult to obtain than the single-input single-output (SISO) model, and the stability margin and the oscillation frequency band are difficult to capture. To solve these problems, this paper took the two-terminal HVDC transmission system as the research object to derive a SISO model that can be measured by a port. Moreover, this study also proposed a method for analyzing the system stability through envelope SISO open-loop gains. Finally, the key port and parameters affecting the system stability were analyzed according to the stability margin, which provided theoretical support for the design of the system parameters. The established model and the proposed analysis method were verified in a MATLAB/Simulink simulation model.
Broadening the foundation for the study of childhood connectedness to nature
Authors: Beery Thomas , Djerf Henric , Wünsche Tanya Uhnger , Fridberg Marie
Published: June 2023

The spatial aspect of access to nature experience is considered a key factor for studying school-age educare and connectedness to nature. While the standard approach for questions of connectedness to nature is to study at the individual level using methods such as observations, psychometric scaling, and interviews, less common are spatial methods applied to structural or collective aspects of these questions; connectedness to nature study rarely considers the human relationship with nature across sociocultural/structural/institutional levels. Spatial analysis is presented as a step toward a broader consideration of connectedness to nature; careful consideration of connectedness to nature/disconnection must explore the forces beyond the individual shaping access and opportunity. Specifically, the study considers access through proximity to nature from school-age educare sites in the Swedish city of Malmö. Using spatial methodology, proximity to nature was measured at 67 school-aged educare sites. The results provide a complex picture of a range from high to low-quality access to nature for children at the sites. The results help highlight the importance of access via proximity while also opening the door to a mix of other sociocultural/structural/institutional factors to be considered in support of children’s access to nature experience.
Cancer mortality distribution in South Africa, 1997–2016
Authors: Nhleko Mandlakayise Lucky , Edoka Ijeoma , Musenge Eustasius
Published: June 2023

Introduction

The mortality data in South Africa (SA) have not been widely used to estimate the patterns of deaths attributed to cancer over a spectrum of relevant subgroups. There is no research in SA providing patterns and atlases of cancer deaths in age and sex groups per district per year. This study presents age-sex-specific geographical patterns of cancer mortality at the district level in SA and their temporal evolutions from 1997 to 2016.

Methods

Individual mortality level data provided by Statistics South Africa were grouped by three age groups (0–14, 15–64, and 65+), sex (male and female), and aggregated at each of the 52 districts. The proportionate mortality ratios (PMRs) for cancer were calculated per 100 residents. The atlases showing the distribution of cancer mortality were plotted using ArcGIS. Spatial analyses were conducted through Moran's I test.

Results

There was an increase in PMRs for cancer in the age groups 15–64 and 65+ years from 2006 to 2016. Ranges were 2.83 (95% CI: 2.77–2.89) −4.16 (95% CI: 4.08–4.24) among men aged 15–64 years and 2.99 (95% CI: 2.93–3.06) −5.19 (95% CI: 5.09–5.28) among women in this age group. The PMRs in men and women aged 65+ years were 2.47 (95% CI: 2.42–2.53) −4.06 (95% CI: 3.98–4.14), and 2.33 (95% CI: 2.27–2.38) −4.19 (95% CI: 4.11–4.28). There were considerable geographical variations and similarities in the patterns of cancer mortality. For the age group 15–64 years, the ranges were 1.18 (95% CI: 0.78–1.71) −8.71 (95% CI: 7.18–10.47), p < 0.0001 in men and 1.35 (95% CI: 0.92–1.92) −10.83 (95% CI: 8.84–13.14), p < 0.0001 in women in 2016. There were higher PMRs among women in the Western Cape, Northern Cape, North West, and Gauteng compared to other areas. Similar patterns were also observed among men in these provinces, except in North West and Gauteng.

Conclusion

The identification of geographical and temporal distributions of cancer mortality provided evidence of periods and districts with similar and divergent patterns. This will contribute to understanding the past, present, future trends and formulating interventions at a local level.
When to help juveniles, adults, or both: analyzing the evolutionary models of stage-structured mutualism
Authors: Nakazawa Takefumi , Katayama Noboru , Utsumi Shunsuke , Yamawo Akira , Yamamichi Masato
Published: June 2023

Mutualism is common in nature and is crucial for population dynamics, community structure, and ecosystem functioning. Studies have recently pointed out that life-history stage structure (e.g., juveniles and adults) is a key factor to better understand the ecological consequences of mutualism (termed stage-structured mutualism). Despite the potential importance, little is known about what kinds of stage-structured mutualism can evolve and when it is likely to occur. Here, we theoretically investigated how a mutualistic partner species should allocate efforts of mutualistic associations for different life-history stages of its host species to maximize its fitness. We assessed the partner’s optimal strategy by using a one host–one partner model with the host’s juvenile-adult stage structure. The results showed that different forms of stage-structured mutualism can evolve, such as juvenile-specialized association, adult-specialized association, and inter-stage partner sharing (i.e., the partner associates with both the juvenile and adult stages of the host) depending on the shape of association trade-off, i.e., how much association with one stage is weakened when the partner strengthens its association with the other stage. In general, stage-specialized association (either juvenile-specialized or adult-specialized association) tends to evolve when being associated with that stage is relatively beneficial. Meanwhile, when the association trade-off is weak, inter-stage partner sharing can occur if the mutualistic benefits of juvenile-specific and adult-specific associations are sufficiently large. We also found that when the association trade-off is strong, alternative stable states occur in which either juvenile-specialized or adult-specialized associations evolve depending on the initial trait value. These results suggest that pairwise interspecific mutualism is more complicated than previously thought, implying that we may under-or overestimate the strength of mutualistic interactions when looking at only certain life-history stages. This study provides a conceptual basis for better understanding the mechanisms underlying ontogenetic shifts of mutualistic partners and more complex mutualistic networks mediated by the life-history stages of organisms and their stage-structured interactions.