bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Counseling at all contacts for postpartum contraceptive use: can paper-based tools help community health workers improve continuity of care? A qualitative study from Ethiopia
Authors: Mossie Muluneh Yigzaw , Pfitzer Anne , Yusuf Yousra , Wondimu China , Bazant Eva , Bansal Vaiddehi , Mackenzie Devon , Sitrin Deborah , Pleah Tsigue
Published: October 2019

Background: Globally, there has been a resurgence of interest in postpartum family planning (PPFP) to advance reproductive health outcomes. Few programs have systematically utilized all contacts a woman and her baby have with the health system, from pregnancy through the first year postpartum, to promote PPFP. Nested into a larger study covering two districts, this study assessed the use, acceptability, and feasibility of tools for tracking women’s decision-making and use of PPFP in the community health system in Oromia region, Ethiopia. Community-level tracking tools included a modified Integrated Maternal and Child Health (IMCH) card with new PPFP content, and a newly developed tool for pregnant and postpartum women for use by Women Development Armies (WDAs). Proper completion of the tools was monitored during supervision visits.

Methods: In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with health officials, health extension workers, and volunteers. A total of 34 audio-files were transcribed and translated into English, double-coded using MAXQDA, and analyzed using a thematic approach.

Results: The results describe how HEWs used the modified IMCH card to track women’s decision making through the continuum of care, to assess pregnancy risk and to strengthen client-provider interaction. Supervision data demonstrated how well HEWs completed the modified IMCH card. The WDA tool was intended to promote PPFP and encourage multiple contacts with facilities from pregnancy to extended postpartum period. HEWs have reservations about the engagement of WDAs and their use of the WDA tool.

Conclusions: To conclude, the IMCH card improves counseling practices through the continuum of care and is acceptable and feasible to apply. Some elements have been incorporated into a revised national tool and can serve as example for other low-income countries with similar community health systems. Further study is warranted to determine how to engage WDAs in promoting PPFP.
ECDYSTEROIDS IN NATURE AND THEIR PROPERTIES
Authors: Наумова Э. , Naumova E. , Валентинов Б. , Valentinov B.
Published: October 2019

Ecdysteroids are biologically active substances of natural origin. Their adaptogenic activity, hormone-like and bioregulatory effects used in traditional and folk medicine are known. Sources of raw materials are diverse. Applications depend on the methods of obtaining ecdysteroids and their natural sources.
INVESTMENT RISKS IN AGRICULTURE AND INTEGRATION OF THE MECHANISM OF RISK MANAGEMENT INTO THE GENERAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Файзрахманов Джаудат , Fayzrakhmanov Dzhaudat , Хайруллин Альбина , Hayrullin Al'bina , Хазеев Ленар , Khazeev Lenar
Published: October 2019

Investments perform the functions of a special “engine”, contributing to the effective functioning and development of business, as well as various areas of the economy. Agriculture is one of the most important sectors of the economy of any country, which is associated with the need to ensure the food security of the state, therefore, the agricultural sector is also in dire need of investment. Today, the government of the Republic of Tatarstan provides substantial support to the development of the agro-industrial complex of the region through the implementation of various federal and state programs. This condition allows to improve the investment climate of the region and attract new potential investors. At the same time, attracting private investment is the key condition for the growth of this industry. But due to the specificity of the conditions of doing business in the agrarian sector (the dependence of the results of activity on climatic, biologically and environmental factors), as well as increased riskiness, investors do not seek to consider the agro-industrial complex as a promising direction for investmentHowever, of course, the high cost of organizing an RMS and the need to attract highly qualified personnel make it difficult, and sometimes completely limit the possibility of its integration.
Theatrical manipulation and seductive sentimentality: constructions of empathy in Swedish online far-right discourse about EU-migrants
Authors: Malmqvist Karl
Published: October 2019

Digital technologies such as online forums afford opportunities for users to circumvent and challenge feeling rules. The online far-right uses such opportunities to challenge feeling rules regarding racialised minority groups, refugees and immigrants, including rules about empathy for such groups. However, while the disruptive features of online far-right practice are widely acknowledged, less has been written about how participants in online far-right forums actually make sense of emotional experiences, including empathy in relation to migrants. This article analyses a Swedish far-right-dominated online discussion thread about non-Swedish EU citizens who ask for money, a group referred to in Sweden as ‘EU-migrants’. From an affective-discursive practice perspective, and focusing on metaphorically constructed interpretative repertoires, the article analyses how participants in the thread make sense of empathy as an actual or possible emotional response to these migrants, as well as how the participants position themselves as subjects in relation to such experiences and various actors involved. The results indicate that the participants are formulating a dual affective-discursive position. First, they present themselves as especially capable of empathic resonance and mirroring, but as righteously angered by EU-migrants’ putative attempts to manipulate this empathic capacity. Second, they disidentify with ‘Swedes’ by presenting themselves as capable of avoiding the seductive and sentimental ‘kindness narcomania’ supposedly deeply rooted in Swedish society, and thereby present themselves as a (counter-)empathic vanguard community in relation to this society. The implications of such affective-discursive practices for far-right online and offline action are discussed.
Pesticide Poisoning as a Pediatric Emergency
Authors: Darmansjah I.
Published: October 2019

There are branches in medicine where knowledge of the average physician is deficient, such as in pollutional problems, industrial medicine and diseases caused by agricultural chemicals. Many of these involve the toxicology of substances rarely met with in medical practice.

A multidisciplinary agro-medical and industria-medical approach is essential to understand the management including precautionary and legislative measures that have to be taken. This will involve not only medical personnel but also engineers, chemists, agronomists, ecologists and many others.

Poisoning with agricultural chemicals most often involve O.C. and O.P. compounds. In adults these cases have been typified by self-poisonings and through neglect of safety measures prescribed by the factory. In children poisonings almost always have been associated with accidents. Here the most important factor is also negligence of parents to keep away dangerous pesticides from the reach of children.

There are quite a few potent anti dotes available in pesticide-poisoning, notably atropine for D.P.'s and carbamates, vitamin K for warfarin, and dimercaprol for arsenics. There are also chemicals like paraquat and pentachlorophenol for which no antidote is available and they present great problems in treatment.
Levocardia With Situs Inversus Atria (Case Report)
Authors: Madiyono Bambang , Pulungan Irawati , Pelupessy P. M. C. , Affandi Maemunah
Published: October 2019

Three cases of Levocardia and situs inversus atria were reported.

The clinical diagnosis of the first two cases were based on clinical signs and laboratory findings which were confirmed by Electrocardiography, Chest Xray, heart catheterization and angiography.

The third case died before further investigations could be done.

Classification, management and prognosis were also discussed.
Congestive Heart Failure in Diphtheric Myocarditis
Authors: Prasodo A. M. , Narendra M. , Joernil A. , Wahjoenarso Wahjoenarso , Kaspan F.
Published: October 2019

The picture of congestive heart failure in diphtheric myocarditis was mainly determined by poor general condition, hepatic enlargement + epigastric pain, dyspnea. Basal rales and peripheral edema were not observed. Cardiomegaly on X-ray examination supported the diagnosis.

Congestive heart failure as a complication of diphtheric myocarditis occurred in 31.2% - 52% of cases with severe ECG changes and only in 5% of cases with ST depression or T wave changes.

Of 29 cases with congestive heart failure only 3 survived. Apparently good results of digitalis treatment were obtained when only gallop rhythm, as an early sign of heart failure, was found.

Extensive myocardial damage by diphtheria toxin may explain why no beneficial effect of digitalis treatment was obtained. Prophylactic digitalization before signs of congestive heart failure appeared, as suggested by several authors; was not performed in this study.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (P.D.A.) (An analysis of 37 surgically proved cases)
Authors: Rachman O. J. , Hanafiah A. , Ranti I. S. F.
Published: October 2019

An analysis of the clinical picture on 37 cases of patent ductus arteriosus proved by operation is presented, including the chest X-ray and electrocardiographic findings.

In 13 cases preoperative hemodynamic studies were necessary to establish the diagnosis, although in most of the cases it could be based on clinical findings only.

During the years 1968 to 1973, 37 patients were operated upon for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) at the Cardiologic Center, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Medical School University of Indonesia, Jakarta.

This paper is meant to analyze the clinical picture and in some instances, the hemodynamic findings of those 37 patients.
Family size and marital age
Authors: Siregar Helena , Lubis Azwin , Nasution M. Arif , Nasution Indra Kesuma , Tanjung Thamrin
Published: October 2019

A cross sectional study about the relationships between family size and marital age and the impact of educatimt, occupation and family planning programme was conducted in the region of South Tapanuli North Sumatera. The study was performed on 246 married couples by simple random sampling of households in the villages Pakantea, Tamiang, Muarasoro and Sumuran, during the period of September 25 up to October 3, 1982.

The eariiest age of marriage for women was 14 years, ancl the latest 20 years. Most of the women (68%) married at 15-20 year. The main education of responders were primary school (67%). The occupational status was mostly (90%) farmer. The mean family size under 20 years old was 6.3 and over 20 years, 5.3.

Fertility rate under 20 years was still high. Family Planning was not yet widely accepted in this area.
Malnourished children: A study of parents' status
Authors: Lubis Helmi , Sinaga Jaminsen , Karo-karo Mansur , Saat Rahayu , Tarigan Sjarikat
Published: October 2019

A retrospective study had been done on the parents of hospitalized malnourished children from January 1981 until December 1982 at the Department of Child Health Dr. Pirngadi Hm;pital, Medan, Indonesia, as to their occupation, educational level, family size and the subsequential number of the affected child in the families. Diagnosis of malnutrition was based on the inadequate body weight according to age.

There were 759 malnourished children, with peak incidence in the age group of 1-5 years (49.94%) followed by the age group of 0-1 years (37.94%). The affected child was mostly the first child (21. 62%) in a family with 2 children.

Most of the parents (50.32%) have no regular job. The educational level of the fathers and mothers were mostly elementary school, respectively 32.8% and 50.46%.

In conclusion, most of the parents had low education and unstable income.
Hereditary Spherocytosis : A Clinical Experience
Authors: Santoso F. X. , Sukardi Sukardi , Permono Bambang , T. Netty R. H. , Untario S.
Published: October 2019

Although hereditary spherocytosis is a common cause of hemolytic anemia among whites of Northern European descent, it is uncommon in Asia. In the past 8.5 years (from December 1978 to June 1987), we found only six cases of hereditary spherocytosis. They were 3 males and 3 females, and their ages ranged from 3 months to 8 years, with a mean age of 3.3 years. The most common presenting complaint was anemia (6 cases) followed by jaundice (4 cases) and splenomegaly (4 cases). Other symptoms were fever, abdominal pain and hepatomegaly. The mean hemoglobin concentration of these patients was 7.5 g/dl, in which 2 patients had severe anemia (less than 6 g/dl). Reticulocyte count ranged from 1.9% to 10% (mean 5.9%). All patients were found to have spherocytosis in their peripheral blood smears and an increased red blood cell fragility. Splenectomy was performed in one patient. There was no significant complication after operation in a 7-month follow up. The clinical manifestation returned to normal and the mean hemoglobin concentration increased. The existence of hereditary spherocytosis could not be proven in almost all parents of the patients. Based on this fact, is 'congenital spherocytosis' a more suitable term instead of hereditary spherocytosis?
Oral Rehydration Therapy in Young Infants less than 3 Months with Acute Diarrhoea and Modeate Dehydration
Authors: Sunoto Sunoto , Suharyono Suharyono , Budiarso Aswitha D. , Wiharta Adnan S.
Published: October 2019

Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) as an appropriate technology in the treatment of acute diarrhoeal diseases (ADD) has been accepted throughout the world. It has been proved that besides lifesaving, ORT has reduced about 70-80% of the use of intravenous solution and average cost of the treatment of ADD. If there is still problem, question or doubtfulness, is the use of WHO ORS in full concentration for the neonates and young infants less than 3 months of age.

During one-year period it has been treated 72 cases of ADD in young infants less than 3 months of age with moderate dehydration. They were divided into 3 groups. The first group was treated with 100 mil kg bw of fluid consisting oftwothirds as WHO ORS in full concentration for 4 hours period and the rest, one-third, was given as plain water for 2 hours period. The second group was treated with kristalyte with the Na concentration of 51 mEq/L and the third group was treated with intravenous Ringer's lactate for 6 hours period.

After the end of the study only 18 patients in each group could be matched and evaluated. From clinical observation and laboratory examinations, the result of the treatment in general, statistically shows no significant difference. Diarrhoea and vomiting stopped in all groups on the second day of treatment. Hyponatremia which occurred in 3 patients in Group I and 2 patients each in Group II and III improved  after 6 hours of treatment. Acidosis was corrected in all of the treatment groups in 6 hours period. Weight gain up to 6-9% of body weight on admission was achieved after 6 hours of treatment in all groups. No complication of hypernatremia, convulsion nor hypoglycaemia in all the treatment group.

From this study it could be concluded that WHO ORS is quite safe and effective as ORS with low sodium concentration and intravenous treatment, as far as it is given slowly, little by little with a strict supervision.
Rooming-in For Babies Born by Caesarean Section in Dr. Cipto Mangnnkusumo General Hospital Jakarta
Authors: Suradi Rulina
Published: October 2019

Rooming-in was started in our hospital in 1981 for newborns born normally. After having good results with this in mid 1984 we started rooming-in for babies delivered by caesarean section if they fulfilled a certain criteria. But the facilities for rooming-in for caesaren babies were still limited, so not every baby who fulfilled the criteria could be roomed in with the mother. In the year 1986, 4112 babies were born in our hospital among which 868 were delivered by caesarean section. Of the 868 babies 435 babies fulfilled the criteria but only 269 babies could be roomed in with the mother while 166 babies had to be nursed separately. We compared the data of the rooming-in babies to the babies nursed separately. The study showed that in the rooming-in group more mothers were fully breastfeeding on discharge and incidence of sepsis, enteritis and hyperbilirubinaemia were significantly lower while mortality and the incidence of pneumonia, omfalitis, conjunctivitis and pyodermia did not differ significantly.
Infant feeding: a selective review and research needs
Authors: Kusin J. A.
Published: October 2019

Growth faltering starting in infancy can be considered the onset of malnutrition. Infant feeding practices as well as a high prevalence of infectious diseases are causal in this process. While general recommendations on infant feeding are useful as guidelines, it is futile to attempt univorm recommendations as good feeding practices are bound to differ by community.

It is felt that the biomedical and social science discipline should investigate the factors influencing infant feeding as well as the consequences of habitual practices on infant health and survival.
On-Orbit Calibration Approach Based on Partial Calibration-Field Coverage for the GF-1/WFV Camera
Authors: Wang Mi , Guo Beibei , Zhu Ying , Cheng Yufeng , Nie Chenhui
Published: October 2019

The Gaofen-1 (GF1) optical remote sensing satellite is the first in China's series of high-resolution civilian satellites and is equipped with four wide-field-of-view cameras. The cameras work together to obtain an image 800 km wide, with a resolution of 16 m, allowing GF1 to complete
a global scan in four days. To achieve high-accuracy calibration of the wide-field-of-view cameras on GF1, the calibration field should have high resolution and broad coverage based on the traditional calibration method. In this study, a GF self-calibration scheme was developed. It uses partial
reference calibration data covering the selected primary charge-coupled device to achieve high-accuracy calibration of the whole image. Based on the absolute constraint of the ground control points and the relative constraint of the tie points of stereoscopic images, we present two geometric
calibration models based on paired stereoscopic images and three stereoscopic images for wide-field-of-view cameras on GF1, along with corresponding stepwise internal-parameter estimation methods. Our experimental results indicate that the internal relative accuracy can be guaranteed after
calibration. This article provides a new approach that enables large-field-of-view optical satellites to achieve high-accuracy calibration based on partial calibration-field coverage.
A neurociência na formação inicial de professores: uma investigação científica
Authors: Grossi Márcia Gorett Ribeiro , Oliveira Eliane Silvestre , Aguiar Fabiane Angélica de
Published: October 2019

Este artigo objetivou verificar se os cursos de Pedagogia no Brasil têm preparado os professores para o uso da neurociência nas suas práticas escolares. Assim, foi repetida a pesquisa Neurociência na formação de professores: um estudo da realidade brasileira, desenvolvida por Grossi et al. em 2013, para identificar o que mudou, passados seis anos. A metodologia empregada foi a análise de conteúdo com abordagem qualitativa. Os resultados encontrados mostram que no Brasil ainda é pequena a influência da neurociência na sala de aula, pois dos 1.317 cursos de Pedagogia e do Programa especial de formação pedagógica de docentes pesquisados, apenas 7,97% possuem disciplinas de neurociência e correlatas. Então, a realidade percebida há seis anos é a mesma e, continua a necessidade de mudança nas matrizes curriculares destes cursos, incluindo disciplinas que preparem os professores para aplicarem os conhecimentos da neurociência em suas salas de aula, norteando suas condutas pedagógicas.
O enfoque CTSA e uso de Metodologias Ativas no Ensino Superior: uma análise baseada na discussão de notícias sobre acidentes ambientais envolvendo produtos químicos
Authors: Silva Cristine Santos de Souza da , Souza Denise Santos de
Published: October 2019

O enfoque CTSA e o uso de Metodologias Ativas estão cada vez mais presentes no Ensino Superior, isso porque são comprovadamente eficientes para o ensino de ciências e para a contextualização de problemáticas atuais. Considerando essas duas abordagens de ensino esse artigo apresenta uma análise de uma atividade realizada com alunos de quatro cursos de graduação, tendo como enfoque os impactos ambientais decorrentes de acidentes envolvendo produtos químicos. A metodologia adotada foi a discussão e análise de notícias jornalísticas atuais associadas ao tema. Como resultado observou-se que mesmo no âmbito do ensino superior, a contextualização é necessária para a compreensão dos pressupostos teóricos que se deseja ensinar. Por meio do enfoque CTSA foi possível constatar os avanços dos alunos no desenvolvimento das habilidades como diálogo, pensamento crítico e compreensão de processos complexos, como os que se referem às questões ambientais.
Disabilitas dalam Teologi Katolik: Dari Liberalisme ke Politik Kasih
Authors: Hayon Yohanes Wele
Published: October 2019

This article aims to re-question the relevance of Catholic political theology on the level of acceptance of people with disabilities. The author pointed out that the dominant ideology of liberalism, which separates the religious domain from politics, makes the discussion of disability limited to issues of equality. It missed the most sublime dimensions in the subject, namely recognition. So, how the political theology based on collective movement makes this lacking out? Referring to Jesus’ political action, the author argues that political involvement should presuppose a dimension of love that embraces all particulars. It should be based on agency strategy, without being trapped in claims of morality and binary opposition logic. Furthermore, the concept of disability is understood as a universal constitutive dimension that creates limitations as well as calls to be involved. This awareness is the basis for managing collective vulnerability as fellow sinful, unfixed, lacking, and not autonomous subjects.[Artikel ini bertujuan mempertanyakan kembali relevansi teologi politik agama Katolik dalam hal penerimaan terhadap kaum difabel. Di dalam artikel ini, penulis menunjukkan bahwa dominannya ideologi liberalisme yang memisahkan domain agama dari politik menyebabkan diskusi mengenai disabilitas dari perspektif teologi politik terkunci pada kesetaraan dan tidak memerhatikan dimensi paling sublim dalam diri subjek yakni pengakuan. Mengacu pada gerakan politik Yesus, penulis berargumen bahwa keterlibatan politik hendaknya mengandaikan dimensi kasih yang merangkul semua partikular tanpa terjebak pada klaim moralitas dan logika oposisi biner. Dengan menggunakan beberapa terma kunci dari para pemikir post-marxisme, post-strukturalisme dan psikoanalisis, konsep disabilitas dipahami sebagai dimensi konstitutif universal yang menciptakan keterbatasan sekaligus panggilan untuk terlibat. Kesadaran inilah yang menjadi landasan untuk mengelola kerentanan secara kolektif sebagai sesama subjek yang ‘berdosa’, ‘unfixed’, ‘lack’, dan tidak otonom.]
Psikodrama untuk Meningkatkan Empati Siswa di Sekolah Inklusif
Authors: Cahyani Niki
Published: October 2019

In an inclusive education setting, students with disabilities often become victims of bullying due to a lack of regular students’ empathy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of psychodrama in increasing the empathy of regular students towards students with disabilities in inclusive schools. The study was conducted using an experimental method with one group model pre and post-test design. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique, with the number of subjects 15 regular students in SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Malang. Data collection was done by interview and empathy scale survey. The data obtained were then analyzed using paired sample t-tests (p = 0.000, N = 15, t = -9.439). The research concludes that psychodrama can increase the empathy of regular students towards disabled students in inclusive schools of Muhammadiyah 2 Malang Junior High School.[Dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif, siswa difabel sering menjadi korban perundungan (bullying) karena kurangnya empati siswa reguler. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas psikodrama dalam meningkatkan  empati siswa reguler terhadap siswa difabel di sekolah inklusif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan model one group pre and post test design. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik  purposive sampling, dengan jumlah subyek 15 siswa reguler di SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Malang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan survei skala empati. Data yang diperoleh lalu dianalisis dengan menggunakan paired sample t test (p= 0.000, N= 15, t= -9.439). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa psikodrama dapat meningkatkan empati siswa reguler terhadap siswa difabel di sekolah inklusif SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Malang]
Vote Buying dan Perilaku Pemilih Pemula: Kasus Pemilihan Gubernur Bali 2018 di Tabanan
Authors: Adhinata Made Bayu Permana
Published: October 2019

This article discusses vote-buying as a phenomenon in the 2018th Bali local head election process which affects the voting behavior of youth voters in Tabanan Regency. This research applies to qualitative methods. The research found that there is a linkage of giving money and gift as a form of aid to the society before and during the election can affect youth voter voting preferences. This article argues that the preference of youth voters influenced by their communities where they live and they herded to choose what community say so. Vote-buying in the form of ‘aid’ are liked by the community and youth voter seen it as something ordinary in the socio-political situation. With vote-buying strategy, the candidate can easily obtain a vote, especially from youth voter who has not yet decided their choice. In addition, vote-buying became a kind of magnet to attract youth voter sympathy.
Validation of the Slovakian version of Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTSQ)
Authors: Ulbrichtová Romana , Jakušová Viera , Švihrová Viera , Dvorštiaková Barbora , Hudečková Henrieta
Published: October 2019

Introduction: The most common occupational disease is carpal tunnel syndrome. The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Slovakian version of BCTSQ. Methods: The original questionnaire was translated into the Slovakian language by two expert translators. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to analyze the internal consistency of the questionnaire. Construction validity was evaluated by using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Spearman’s rank correlation. The results were processed in the statistical program SPSS 24. The level of significance p > 0.05 was considered significant. To analyze the validity, a factor analysis of the BCTSQ and the correlation between BCTSQ and SF-36 were obtained. Results: A total of 32 employees at risk of local muscular overload completed the BCTSQ and Health Questionnaire SF-36. Cronbach’s alpha for SSS was >0.8. The alpha coefficient for FSS was >0.9. The Pearson’s coefficient and Spearman’s rank correlation was >0.9 for each domain. Cronbach’s alpha for SF-36 was >0.7 and the Pearson’s coefficient and Spearman’s rank correlation was >0.6 and p-values <0.001. Conclusions: The questionnaire has sufficient reliability, validity and can be a suitable tool for the evaluation of subjective response of employees at the risk of local muscular overload, as well as of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.
Endogenous Equity Shares in Cournot Competition: Welfare Analysis and Policy
Authors: Kanjilal Kiriti , Muñoz-García Félix
Published: October 2019

We consider a duopoly in which firms can strategically choose equity shares on their rival’s profits before competing in quantities. We identify equilibrium equity shares, and subsequently compare them against the optimal equity shares that maximize social welfare. Most previous studies assume that equity shares are exogenous, and those allowing for endogenous shares do not evaluate if equilibrium shares are socially excessive or insufficient. Our results also help us identify taxes on equity acquisition that induce firms to produce a socially optimal output without the need to directly tax output levels.
Enhanced Dynamic Set-point Weighting Design for Two-Input-Two-Output (TITO) Unstable Processes
Authors: Dasari Purushottama Rao , Rao A. Seshagiri
Published: October 2019

Control of unstable systems with time delays usually result in overshoots in the closed loop responses. The intricacy involved in multivariable unstable processes further makes the problem more challenging. In industry, set-point weighting is one of the recommended methods to minimize the overshoot. However, design of the set-point weighting parameters determines the percentage of minimization of the overshoot. In this paper, a method is proposed to design the set-point weighting parameters for unstable multivariable processes which is relatively simple and also reduces the overshoot. Weighting is considered for both proportional (β) and derivative (γ) terms in the PID control law. In the closed loop relation for set-point tracking, the coefficients of ‘s’ and ‘s3’ both in the numerator and denominator are made equal in order to find dynamically β and γ. The obtained expressions for β and γ are simple and dynamically depends on the controller parameters and are applied to TITO systems in present work. Decouplers are used in TITO systems mainly to reduce the interaction between the loops so that they can be viewed as independent loops. Decoupler design suggested by (Hazarika and Chidambaram [1] has been used in this work and two TITO unstable processes with time delays are illustrated here. Comparison with the reported methods available in literature verifies that the proposed method gives improved closed loop performance.
Role of Reaction Time on the Electrical Conductivity, Thermal Stability and Photoluminescence Property of Polyanilne Nanofibers
Authors: Ahmed Saif Uddin , Akter Farzana , Oliullah Md. , Chowdhury Muhammad Shahadat Hussain , Talukder Md. Masum , Pramanik Shishir Kanti , Younus Muhammad , Rahman Khan Mohammad Mizanur
Published: October 2019

Direct evidence of the control of yield, thermal stability and photoluminescence property of the polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers have been reported by systematically varying the reaction time in the range of 2–6 hours (h) in the synthesis process. Both FTIR and UV–visible spectra revealed the formation of PANI fibers for all synthesis batches. The mass of the obtained PANI was increased with the increase of reaction time from 2 to 6 h. FESEM data confirmed the formation of PANI in nanofibers form for all the synthesis batches. TGA data showed that the highest thermal stability of PANI nanofibers could be obtained for the 4 h reaction time. PL data indeed showed the variation of luminescence intensity of PANI with the reaction time which indicate the formation of different quality fibers in terms of theirπconjugation. Thus the three main results can be summarized: one is the increase of PANI fibers yield and another two are the thermal stability and luminescence property modification which shows that such properties of PANI can be controlled by varying the reaction time of the synthesis process.
Experimental Study on Bubble Size Distribution in Gas-Liquid Reversed Jet Loop Reactor
Authors: Bi Rongshan , Tang Jiao , Wang Linxi , Yang Qingqing , Zuo Meilan , Chen Chen , Xiang Shuguang
Published: October 2019

Bubble size distribution (BSD) is important for gas-liquid jet loop reactor (JLR)’s mass transfer performance of inter-phases. A self-designed reversed JLR was investigated with air-water system on the BSD. The CCD camera of particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) system and image processing technique were used to obtain the reliable photo. The influences of four parameters, gas phase flow rate, liquid phase flow rate, draft tube diameter and ejector mounting position, on the BSD were studied in detail. The results showed that the local BSD is accordance with log-normal distribution under the experimental conditions and the average diameter and BSD range increase with the increase of the gas phase flow rate, and decrease with the increase of the liquid phase flow rate, the downward movement of the nozzle installation position and the increase of the diameter of the draft tube.
Antibacterial Activity of Phenyllactic acid Against Staphylococcus Epidermidis and Its Microbial Production: Modelling and Optimization-Based Analysis
Authors: Ye Jianxiong , Chen Yuxian , Peng Guanxuan , Yang Xinwei , Huang Jianzhong , Ke Chongrong
Published: October 2019

Phenyllactic acid (PLA), an organic acid with extensive antimicrobial activity, is considered as a promising natural preservative to replace chemical preservatives. In order to study the inhibitory pattern of PLA, this paper established a novel mathematical model for the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis under PLA inhibition. The simulated results showed that the relationship between the antimicrobial activity of PLA against S. epidermidis and its concentration was suitable to be represented by an exponential function. Based on the proposed model, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of PLA against S. epidermidis were evaluated. The computed results were found to match experimental data. The MBC value was found to be independent of the initial biomass of S. epidermidis from both the simulated results and experimental data, revealing that PLA was not consumed while killing the bacteria. Another kinetic model was established to describe the production of PLA by the engineered Escherichia coli. This model was then used to calculate the minimum biomass of E. coli to produce the MBC of PLA. The proposed models help to understand the inhibitory pattern of PLA, serving as a theoretical guide for the selection an appropriate strain to improve the product shelf-life.
Advanced technology in obstetric education: a high-fidelity simulator for operative vaginal delivery
Authors: Perone Nicola
Published: October 2019

A high-fidelity simulator is described here, specifically designed for vacuum extraction and forceps delivery training. The main purpose behind its development is to remedy the current limited opportunity for training in operative vaginal delivery (OVD), making it easier for young obstetricians to become proficient in this important area of obstetrics. Its introduction into teaching hospitals and academic departments may also help older obstetricians maintain their own competence during periods of inactivity, ensuring patient safety.
A broad overview on innovative functionalized paper solutions
Authors: Aguado Roberto , Murtinho Dina , Valente Artur J. M.
Published: October 2019

Functionalized paper solutions have attracted the attention of many research groups in the 21st century, given the low cost, availability, flexibility and biodegradability of paper. Despite this material has been manufactured for more than two thousand years, its traditional uses hardly go beyond writing, printing, cleaning and packaging. This overview covers fascinating advances in the functionalization of paper that have taken place this century. This century, test strips for glucose and pH have evolved towards microfluidic paper analytical devices that allow for accurate quantitative determinations. In another context, paper electronics started with the first paper-based transistors and followed with more sophisticated electronic devices. Also, cheap paper-based membranes and adsorbents have been proposed for water treatment, and researchers have found innovative ways to confer antimicrobial and anti-counterfeiting properties to paper. Furthermore, numberless ways to functionalize paper are reported here. Fibers can be modified by chemical reactions, nanofibrillation or supramolecular interactions with certain reagents. The surface can be coated by diverse methods, including size press coating, sputtering, e-beam evaporation and the sol-gel process. Special inks can be printed onto paper to make hydrophobic, conductive or luminescent patterns. Brief opinions about future outlooks are given at the end.
“Listen, Marxist!”: On the Forgotten Past of Self-Management and the Contemporary Orgasms of History
Authors: Vodovnik Žiga
Published: October 2019

In this article, we argue that self-management should not be understood only as an economic project, but rather as a political form based on the transformation of the core principles of modern capitalist societies. We start from the supposition that self-management does not imply an economic, but primarily a political recomposition of society, which is why it is necessary to draw attention to the economic reductionism in the discussions on self-management. The purpose of this article is three-fold: first, we recover the original meaning of self-management, its forgotten, anarchist (pre)history, and elaborate on the anarchist theory of organisation that has dynamised the idea/practice of self-management throughout history. Second, we analyse Yugoslav self-management through the categories and concepts of Praxis philosophy, which leads us to the conclusion that the Yugoslav model of self-management was above all a non-political form that remained in the framework of liberal democratic theory. Finally, we explore the global mass assembly movement Occupy, building on the recent academic attention devoted to the notion of non-state spaces. We analyse the encampments and occupied squares as self-managed exilic spaces in which protesters (in)voluntarily escaped from both state regulation and capitalist accumulation.
The role of miRNAs in regulating adrenal and gonadal steroidogenesis
Authors: Azhar Salman , Dong Dachuan , Shen Wen-Jun , Hu Zhigang , Kraemer Fredric B
Published: October 2019

miRNAs are endogenous noncoding single-stranded small RNAs of ~22 nucleotides in length that post-transcriptionally repress the expression of their various target genes. They contribute to the regulation of a variety of physiologic processes including embryonic development, differentiation and proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, hemostasis and inflammation. In addition, aberrant miRNA expression is implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases including cancer, hepatitis, cardiovascular diseases and metabolic diseases. Steroid hormones regulate virtually every aspect of metabolism, and acute and chronic steroid hormone biosynthesis is primarily regulated by tissue-specific trophic hormones involving transcriptional and translational events. In addition, it is becoming increasingly clear that steroidogenic pathways are also subject to post-transcriptional and post-translational regulations including processes such as phosphorylation/dephosphorylation, protein‒protein interactions and regulation by specific miRNAs, although the latter is in its infancy state. Here, we summarize the recent advances in miRNA-mediated regulation of steroidogenesis with emphasis on adrenal and gonadal steroidogenesis.
Development and validation of high-performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous monitoring of pantoprazole sodium sesquihydrate and domperidone maleate in plasma and its application to pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Abbas Ghulam , Saadullah Malik , Rasul Akhtar , Shah Shahid , Khan Sajid Mehmood , Hanif Muhammad , Masood Ahmed Muhammad
Published: October 2019

A sensitive, inexpensive high-performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet detection (HPLC–UV) method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous monitoring of pantoprazole sodium sesquihydrate (PSS) and domperidone maleate (DM) in rabbit plasma on a C18 column with UV detection at 285 nm. Box–Behnken design was used with 3 independent variables, namely, flow rate (X1), mobile phase composition (X2), and phosphate buffer pH (X3), which were used to design mathematical models. Response surface design was applied to optimize the dependent variables, i.e., retention time (Y1 and Y2) and percentage recoveries (Y3 and Y4) of PSS and DM. The method was sensitive and reproducible over 1.562 to 25 μg/mL. The effect of the quadratic outcome of flow rate, mobile phase composition, and buffer pH on retention time (p ˂ 0.001) and percentage recoveries of PSS and DM (p = 0.0016) were significant. The regression values obtained from analytical curve of PSS and DM were 0.999 and 0.9994, respectively. The percentage recoveries of PSS and DM were ranged from 94.5 to 100.41% and 94.77 to 100.31%, respectively. The developed method was applied for studying the pharmacokinetics of PSS and DM. The Cmax of test and reference formulations were 48.06 ± 0.347 μg/mL and 46.31 ± 0.398 μg/mL for PSS, and 15.11 ± 1.608 μg/mL and 12.06 ± 1.234 μg/mL for DM, respectively.
Metode Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System Pada Aplikasi Sistem Cerdas Pendugaan Produksi Garam
Authors: Saepuloh Dani , Ramdhan Muhammad , Bramawanto Rikha , Suryo Sukoraharjo Sri
Published: October 2019

Garam merupakan salah satu komoditas strategis, karena selain merupakan kebutuhan pokok manusia, garam juga digunakan sebagai bahan baku industri. Indonesia adalah salah satu negara yang memproduksi garam, namun Indonesia belum dapat memenuhi kebutuhan garam dalam negerinya sendiri. Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (KKP) setiap tahun menargetkan produksi garam, dan sering kali target dan realisasi produksi garam tidak tercapai. Untuk meminimalkan resiko kerugian petambak garam dan bahan pertimbangan untuk menjaga neraca garam dibuatlah Sistem Cerdas Pendugaan Produksi garam dengan menggunakan metode Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). Sistem kerja dalam penelitian ini dengan tiga variable: curah hujan, nino 34 dan dipole mode, dataset tersebut akan dibagi menjadi data training dan data testing. Data training digunakan sebagai prediktor sistem ANFIS sedangkan data testing digunakan untuk mengukur akurasi prediksi yang dihasilkan oleh ANFIS. Pengukuran tingkat akurasi menggunakan metode Root Means Square Error (RMSE) yang menunjukkan keakurasinya cukup baik mendekati nilai produksi garam.
Selection of Promotion Channels for Organic Products in the Internet Environment
Authors: Eremenko Yuliya
Published: October 2019

In Russia the development of the organic product market faces the following limiting factors: high price, insufficient awareness and low physical availability of bioproducts for the population. The use of modern Internet technologies can have a positive impact on solving these problems. Direct selling through online-stores or corporate websites allows to control adequate price markup on products. The variety of social Internet communications can be successfully used in increasing public awareness about organic products and the peculiarities of choosing them. Moreover, bearing in mind the specific character of bioproducts which have a low shelf life, online sales are necessary to ensure filled customer demand.
Thus, the issues of choosing the most optimal channels for promoting organic products in the Internet are important and well-timed.
The purpose of the article is to identify the most effective channels in promoting organic products in the Russian market.The implementation of the set tasks was achieved by means of using general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis.
The statistical methods were also used during processing and synthesis of statistical data and their generalization in the most informative form i.e. tables, figures.
The article identifies the most efficient channels for promoting organic products in the Internet environment from the point of view of an enterprise’s goals. The author defines the KPI assessments of its effectiveness for each online channel.
On the one hand, understanding the peculiarities of using various Internet channels to promote organic products can have a positive impact on the consumer demand in general. On the other hand, it will allow making the most efficient use of Internet technologies in the general strategy of promoting an enterprise.
Labor Migration as a Factor of Economic Development of the South of Russia
Authors: Chernova Olga
Published: October 2019

The significant impact of labor mobility on modernization of regional economy determines the relevance of the study. The article examines the main features of labor migration flows in the regions of the Southern Russia and identifies prospects of their innovative development. In contrast to similar studies, the article investigates labor migration in terms of its impact on qualitative changes in the economy of the host territory. It is proposed to distinguish centripetal and centrifugal, as well as inertial, innovative and regression migration. This allows taking into account the role of labor migration processes in modernization of regional economy. The author identifies economic, social and institutional effects of labor migration and determines their main trends on the basis of analyzing labor migration processes in the regions of the southern Russia. The study shows that intraregional migration, in general, is subject to the regularities identified by E.G. Ravenstein. In addition, the quality of migration flows is influenced by educational mobility of young people and by location of South Russian regions along the border. The issue of labor migration regulation is determined by its centripetal nature, which leads to overabundance of highly qualified human capital in regional centers. The study proposes a solution to the problem of labor mobility of the population for modernized development of a region and suggests to implement the projects of public-private partnership dealing with creation of innovative industrial clusters. It is concluded that implementation of cluster projects using the mechanisms of public-private partnership will allow focusing labor resources on enhancing their innovative abilities and their full implementation, to provide the local population with highly skilled jobs. The author emphasizes that these tasks should be interconnected with the tasks of socio-economic development of peripheral territories.
Addressing the Teacher Preparation Gap for ELs
Authors: Bundy Erica
Published: October 2019

English Learners as a student population are increasing in US Schools and migrating to new areas. A review of research shows that teachers are underprepared to meet the unique linguistic and cultural needs and leverage the strengths of this student population. This memo explores the problem space, reviews relevant research and current practices in pre-service education and in-service professional development. Guiding the research and current practices are two essential questions: Is this preparation method effective in changing teacher practice and improving student outcomes? Is this method permeating the educational sphere enough to produce change? The memo details a three prong solution to addressing the teacher preparation gap and concludes by discussing limitations of the memo and approach.
Introduction
Authors: Cypert Catherine Elizabeth , Johnson Kelly , Santelli Fransisco , Woods Colby
Published: October 2019

Introduction to the Iris Journal of Scholarship, Volume 1, May 2019
Políticas de educação escolar indígena no Acre
Authors: Silva José Alessandro Cândido da
Published: October 2019

RESUMO O artigo analisa uma das políticas educacionais para a diversidade, a de Educação Escolar Indígena. O estudo foca em problemas na sua efetivação, permitindo-nos refletir sobre seu desenvolvimento no Acre. Aponta os embates na sua definição, destacando o papel dos agentes envolvidos desde a formulação até a execução nos contextos formais. Toma como base metodológica o Ciclo de Políticas. Das questões resultantes destacamos o fato das propostas e práticas de EEI no Acre terem transformado os direitos educativos indígenas em obrigações de Estado, mas perdendo seu caráter de produção coletiva e autônoma.