bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Impact of Vaccination and Self-Defense Measures on Epidemic Dynamics Using an Embedded Optimization and Evolutionary Game Theory Methodology
Authors: Kabir K. M. Ariful , Islam MD Shahidul , Sharif Ullah Mohammad
Published: August 2023

Explaining how individual choice and government policy can appear in the same context in real society is one of the most challenging scientific problems. Controlling infectious diseases requires effective prevention and control measures, including vaccination and self-defense measures. In this context, optimal control strategies incorporating vaccination and self-defense measures have been proposed using the framework of evolutionary game theory. This approach accounts for individuals’ behavior and interactions in a population. It can provide insights into the effectiveness of different strategies for controlling the spread of infectious diseases. The optimal control strategy involves balancing the costs and benefits of vaccination, considering the dynamic interplay between the infected and susceptible populations. By combining evolutionary game theory with optimal control theory, we can identify the optimal allocation of resources for vaccination and self-defense measures, which can maximize the control of infectious diseases while minimizing costs. The model is utilized to analyze public health policies diseases, such as vaccination and self-defense strategies, to mitigate the spread of infectious in the context of delayed decision-making.
Vicia faba Plant Suitability Assessment for Genotoxicity, Cytotoxicity, and Mutagenicity Testing of Pharmaceutical-Containing Wastewater
Authors: Kalka Joanna , Drzymała Justyna
Published: August 2023

The article aimed to assess the Vicia faba plant’s suitability in the micronucleus test for determining toxicity of wastewater containing diclofenac and sulfamethoxazole. Additionally, the study evaluated the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase in plant leaves. The assessment of wastewater was performed on laboratory-constructed wetland models. Both influent and effluent samples were tested, and the study examined two methods of plant root exposure: hydroponic culture and soil culture. The analysis showed a decrease in the mitotic index (57% inhibition on average in hydroponic and 42% in soil culture for influent and 39% and 19%, respectively, for treated wastewater), indicating the toxicity of the wastewater. The inhibition of the cell division frequency was lower in soil culture, and the frequency of aberrations of chromosomes was also lower. However, there was no increase in micronuclei frequency. An upsurge in catalase activity was observed upon analyzing the wastewater, with a 67% increase in the influent and a 20% increase in the treated wastewater. Additionally, there was a notable boost in superoxide dismutase activity, primarily in hydroponic culture with raw wastewater, averaging 186%. The results showed genotoxic and cytotoxic effects, but there were no mutagenic effects. The Vicia faba assay is advantageous for its simplicity and rapid results; it offers representative assessment of genotoxicity through its broad range of detected effects.
HPLC-Based Detection of Two Distinct Red Tide Causative Species (Mesodinium rubrum and Margalefidinium polykrikoides) in the South Sea of Korea
Authors: Kim Yejin , Park Sanghoon , Jang Hyo-Keun , Choi Ha-Young , Lee Jae-Hyung , Jung Seung-Won , Kim Wonkook , Koh Sooyoon , Son Moonho , Kwak Seok-Nam , Ahn So-Hyun , An Soonmo , Lee Sang-Heon
Published: August 2023

Various approaches have been applied to red tide monitoring in Korea since reliable information on phytoplankton communities is crucial. In this study, we employed a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to analyze two types of red tide, Mesodinium rubrum and Margalefidinium polykrikoides (also known as Cochlodinium polykrikoides), along the southern coasts of Korea. During the M. rubrum red tide on 8 August 2022, an unusual dominance of cryptophytes was observed, being the most dominant phytoplankton group. A significant positive correlation was found between alloxanthin concentrations, a marker pigment of cryptophytes, and M. rubrum cell numbers (p < 0.01, r = 0.830), indicating that HPLC-derived alloxanthin concentrations can serve as a valuable indicator for identifying red tides caused by M. rubrum and estimating cell numbers. However, it is crucial to consider the temporal dynamics of the prey–predator relationship between cryptophytes and M. rubrum. Further investigation is required to understand the environmental conditions that promote cryptophyte predominance and their role in M. rubrum red tide development. In the second field campaign on 29 August 2022, we observed a significant correlation between the concentration of peridinin, a marker pigment for dinoflagellates, and M. polykrikoides cell numbers (p < 0.01, r = 0.663), suggesting that peridinin can serve as a reliable indicator of M. polykrikoides red tides. In conclusion, HPLC-derived pigments, namely alloxanthin and peridinin, can be used to effectively monitor red tides caused by M. rubrum and M. polykrikoides, respectively. However, to overcome certain methodological limitations of HPLC, future studies should explore additional markers or analytical techniques capable of differentiating M. polykrikoides from other coexisting dinoflagellate species. Furthermore, the broad applicability of our method requires thorough investigation in diverse ecosystems to fully comprehend its scope and limitations. Future research should focus on evaluating the method’s efficacy in different contexts, accounting for the distinct traits of the ecosystems under consideration.
Bioelectricity Generation Using a Crosslinked Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and Chitosan (CS) Ion Exchange Membrane in Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Jonathan Badillo-Cardoso , Kim Minsoo , Kim Jung Rae
Published: August 2023

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a bioelectrochemical system where electrochemically active bacteria convert organic waste into electricity. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and chitosan (CS) are polymers that have been studied as potential alternative ion exchange membranes to Nafion for many electrochemical systems. This study examined the optimal mixing ratio of PVA and chitosan CS in a PVA:CS composite membrane for MFC applications. PVA:CS composite membranes with 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 ratios were synthesized and tested. The water uptake and ion exchange capacity, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and scanning electron microscopy images were analyzed to determine the physicochemical properties of PVA:CS membranes. The prepared membranes were applied to the ion exchange membrane of the MFC system, and their effects on the electrochemical performance were evaluated. These results showed that the composite membrane with a 3:1 (PVA:CS) ratio showed comparable performance to the commercialized Nafion membrane and produced more electricity than the other synthesized membranes. The PVA:CS membrane implemented MFCs produced a maximum power density of 0.026 mW cm−2 from organic waste with stable performance. Therefore, it can be applied to a cost-effective MFC system.
Kuraklık Nedeniyle Bozulan Sosyal İlişkiler ve Göç: Van Edremit Dilkaya Köyü Örneği
Authors: BİLİK Mehmet Baki
Published: August 2023

Küresel iklim değişimiyle ilgili endişeler her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bir tarafta kuraklık riski öbür tarafta doğanın bozulan dengesine bağlı olarak artan klimatolojik afetler, insanların gezegenle ilgili kaygılarını arttırmaktadır. Bu araştırma birçok farklı disipline konu olan küresel iklim krizini sosyolojik perspektiften ele almaktadır. Küresel iklim değişimiyle birlikte artan kuraklığı konu edinen araştırma, kuraklığın toplumsal alanda meydana getirdiği değişimleri irdelemektedir. Türkiye’de artan kuraklıkla ilgili araştırmalardan hareketle Van ve çevresindeki kuraklık riskini ortaya koyan araştırma, Van’ın merkez ilçesi Edremit’e bağlı Dilkaya Köyü’nde kuraklığın toplumsal sonuçlarını ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırma köyde yaşayan ve yaşları 45 ile 75 arasında değişen 8 görüşmecinin görüşlerine dayanmaktadır. Yarı yapılandırılmış bir görüşmeyle elde edilen veriler, kuraklığın köyün sosyal ve ekonomik ilişkilerinde önemli değişimlere yol açtığını göstermektedir. Yapılan araştırmada köydeki tarım suyunun giderek azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Azalan tarım suyuna bağlı olarak, köydeki sosyal ilişkiler bozulmuş ve buna bağlı olarak köylüler arasındaki çatışmalar artmıştır. Benzer şekilde sulama suyunun azalmasıyla birlikte tarımsal faaliyetler değişmiş ve zamanla köylüler kuru tarıma yönelmek zorunda kalmışlardır. Azalan tarım gelirlerine bağlı olarak bozulan toplumsal ilişkiler, köylüleri göçe zorlamıştır. Nitekim, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu'ndan (TÜİK) elde edilen veriler, köyün son yıllarda göç verdiğini doğrulamaktadır.
STUDI MODEL PENGARUH PERUBAHAN JUMLAH PENDUDUK TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI KOTA METRO TAHUN 2010-2020
Authors: Risky M , Malik IB Ilham , Saraswati Zenia F
Published: August 2023

Every year, Metro City sees a rise in population, which has an impact on how the city uses its property. One of the cities in Lampung Province with a total area of 7315.40 hectares is Metro City. Given that this territory makes up only 0.22 percent of Lampung Province's total area, there is concern that Metro City may face issues as its population grows and its need for land increases while its supply does not.. By adopting a guided categorization approach to define the Metro City's land use area, the land use is divided into three categories: the use of developed land, the use of undeveloped land, and the use of water bodies. A supervised classification analysis was utilized to identify the land use in Metro City, and a straightforward linear regression analysis was employed to ascertain the connection between population and land use in Metro City. In the years 2010 to 2020, Metro City's population grew by 23,205, while in the same period, the amount of developed land in Metro City climbed by 429.72 hectares. The North Metro District, which has an area of 156.94 hectares, had the subdistricts that underwent the greatest changes in land use from undeveloped land use to the most extensive use of built up land, while the South Metro subdistrict, which has an area of only 48.53 hectares, underwent the fewest changes. If the population is compared to the use of undeveloped land, the relationship is inverse; for every rise in population, the use of undeveloped land will suffer a decrease. However, there will be an increase in the use of built-up land for every increase in population.
Trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo: Redefiniendo puntos de corte y clasificación
Authors:   , Espeche Walter Gastón
Published: August 2023

En esta Tesis proponemos valores de la presión arterial (PA) en embarazadas de alto riesgo como posibles puntos de corte, diferentes a los tradicionalmente establecidos, para definir hipertensión arterial (HA). Por otro lado, también proponemos una nueva clasificación de los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo, que actualmente, según las recomendaciones internacionales, se clasifican simplemente en HA crónica e HA gestacional de acuerdo con la aparición de la HA antes o después de las 20 semanas de gestación. Nuestra hipótesis es, por un lado, que los puntos de corte para definir HA en la embarazada no deben ser 140-90 mmHg, como son los utilizados para definir HA en la población general; ya que los mecanismos fisiológicos que regulan la PA en las mujeres embarazadas son diferentes. Por otro lado, creemos que existen embarazadas que, en la primera mitad del embarazo (< 20 semanas de gestación) tienen HA enmascarada (PA normal en el consultorio y elevada en el monitoreo ambulatorio de la presión arterial -MAPA-). Por lo tanto, si posteriormente durante el transcurso del embarazo se comprueban valores elevados de PA, no son verdaderas HA gestacionales como si lo son, aquellas embarazadas en las que las determinaciones de la PA por ambos métodos (consultorio y MAPA) son normales y solo se detecta el aumento de la PA posterior a las 20 semanas de gestación y que retorna a valores normales luego del parto. Estas últimas tendrían HA gestacional verdadera, mientras que en aquellas embarazadas con HA enmascarada antes de las 20 semanas correspondería diagnosticar Pseudo HA gestacional. Con esta preocupación y con el objetivo de obtener información que respalde la hipótesis de este trabajo de investigación se estudió a mujeres embarazadas derivadas del consultorio de alto riesgo del servicio de Obstetricia del Hospital San Martín de La Plata, a partir de las 10 semanas de gestación hasta la finalización del embarazo. Se realizaron mediciones de la PA en consultorio y ambulatorias antes de las 20 semanas de gestación. Mientras que, durante la segunda mitad del embarazo, además del seguimiento clínico se realizó una evaluación bioquímica exhaustiva. El marco teórico y las justificaciones que nos llevaron a pensar en esta Tesis y desarrollar nuestra hipótesis de trabajo, se desarrollan en el capítulo 1. La forma en que desarrollamos el plan de Tesis para la evaluación, diseño y recolección de los datos se describe en el capítulo 2 para finalmente poder analizarlos tal como se presenta en el capítulo 3. En el capítulo 4 se discuten los hallazgos y comparan con los publicados en la bibliografía. Las conclusiones de la Tesis se presentan en el capítulo 5.
ALIMENTOS FUNCIONAIS E SAÚDE
Authors: Amorim Marcelli , Devitte Raissa , Da Silva Médelin , Dos Santos Priscilla
Published: August 2023

Atualmente uma alimentação mais saudável e o consumo de alimentos que proporcionem benefícios à saúde são uma preocupação, e por isso, a busca por alimentos funcionais tem crescido de forma exponencial há cada ano. Um alimento funcional é rico em compostos que são biologicamente e fisiologicamente ativos fornecendo benefícios para a saúde de quem os consome. Existe uma série de compostos que são responsáveis por estas funcionalidades nos alimentos, denominados compostos bioativos. Eles possuem a capacidade de interagir com um ou mais componentes do organismo humano fornecendo uma ampla gama de efeitos potenciais, podendo ser provenientes de plantas, animais ou microrganismos. O interesse por estes compostos tem crescido devido as suas várias atividades biológicas e funcionais, como antioxidante, anti-inflamatório, antidiabético, anticâncer, antiviral e antitumoral, protegendo o corpo humano de altos níveis de radicais e espécies reativas que podem causar outros males às células do organismo. Dentre estes compostos podemos citar alguns importantes, tais como carotenoides, fenólicos, fibras, ácidos graxos, vitaminas, probióticos, prebióticos, entre outros. A busca do ser humano por alimentos funcionais vem aumentando nos últimos tempos, isso porque os estudos envolvendo compostos bioativos são muito importantes para o desenvolvimento de formas mais eficientes de disponibilizar estas moléculas na alimentação humana. Neste contexto, este artigo buscou elaborar uma revisão bibliográfica referente aos diferentes tipos de compostos bioativos com capacidades benéficos ao organismo humano quando consumidos de forma regular e constante, além de suas propriedades fisiológicas.
PESQUISA DE INTERVENÇÃO:
Authors: Farias Claudio Vinícius Silva , Drebes Pedron Cristiane , Matei Ana Paula
Published: August 2023

O objetivo deste artigo tecnológico é apresentar uma metodologia ativa utilizada na disciplina de Políticas Públicas de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação e o Estado Brasileiro no âmbito do mestrado, em rede, Profnit - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Propriedade Intelectual e Transferência de Tecnologia para a Inovação, no ponto focal do Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS). Este trabalho foi conduzido com três turmas, sendo uma em andamento. A proposta do trabalho é a aproximação a uma ICT do Rio Grande do Sul para conhecer como a organização, considerando o Marco Legal de IC&T no Brasil, trata a sua política de inovação. Como contribuições destaca-se que a metodologia ativa em questão contribuiu para a aproximação entre a teoria e a prática. Ela permitiu que os estudantes pesquisadores assumissem o papel de agentes de transformação, auxiliando os atores praticantes a desenvolverem novas formas de pensar e gerir suas organizações.
تحليل الخطاب الأدبي في خطبة الأشباح
Authors: مرادیان طالبة الدكتوراه سوده , فر الدکتور محمد , معصومی الأستاذ المساعد الدکتور محمد
Published: August 2023

يشير الخطاب عمومًا إلى نسيج اللغة في الخطوات الموجودة أعلى الجملة. يعد تحليل الخطاب أحد أدوات التحليل الأدبي التي تدرس العلاقة بين بنيات الخطاب والسيطرة المجتمعية على إنتاج الخطاب. تحليل الخطاب الأدبي باعتباره تحليل الخطاب يدرس وينتقد النصوص الأدبية من خلال البنى اللغوية واللغوية وينسقها مع السياق الظرفي. لقد كانت البلاغة دائما محل تحليل العلماء باعتبارها مجموعة من النصوص التي هي أقل من القرآن الكريم وأبعد من لغة الإنسان، ولكن من السمات المهمة للمنهج البلاغي هي طبيعة الخطاب الأدبي الذي يبدو أنه تمت دراسته أقل. في حين أن جزءاً من جمال كلام الإمام (ع) يتعلق بالعلاقة بين أدوات النص الأدبية ونسيجه الظاهر. تسعى هذه الدراسة الوصفية - التحليلية والتحليلية للخطاب الأدبي إلى دراسة إحدى خطب البلاغة الشهيرة لأشباح الخطبة هناك وحاولت أن يكون الخطاب الأدبي للخطبة على أساس التناسب والترابط بين السياقات المختلفة الهياكل والتحليل ووضع الملمس. وتبين كل هذه الأبحاث أن هياكل الخطاب من البنية الخارجية تشمل المستوى الصوتي، والمستوى النحوي، ومستوى الوساطة المالية، والبنية الداخلية، بما في ذلك المحتوى وانفعالات الكلام، متناسبة ومتسقة مع السياق الظرفي للأسئلة العامة عن الله، والسعي إلى ذلك. لتحفيز عواطف الجمهور هو إيقاظ النوم.
دراسة فعالية النظام التعليمي للدورات الضخمة المفتوحة عبر الإنترنت (MOOCs) في تدريس اللغة العربية في المدارس الثانوية للبنات في مدينة الأهواز
Authors: الحمداني ماجد , برجاني فاطمة
Published: August 2023

في عالم الإنترنت، وبفضل كونها مجانية وبنية تعليمية مطابقة تمامًا للتعليم الأكاديمي والمؤسسي الحقيقي، أصبحت الدورات التعليمية المفتوحة على الإنترنت (MOOCs) واحدة من أكثر طرق التعلم الإلكتروني انتشارًا خلال السنوات الأربع الأخيرة. يعود انتشار هذه الدورات إلى اهتمام وسائل الإعلام بها، إضافةً إلى تقديمها من قبل أفضل المدارس والجامعات في العالم.  
تناولت هذه الدراسة تأثير الدورات التعليمية المفتوحة على الإنترنت (MOOCs) في تدريس اللغة العربية في مدارس الثانوية بمدينة الأهواز. ولتحقيق ذلك، تم استخدام المنهج شبه التجريبي عبر مجموعتين: تجريبية (30 طالبًا) وضابطة (30 طالبًا)، لدراسة ثلاثة جوانب تتعلق بالكفاءة: الفهم والترجمة، القواعد النحوية، والدرجة الإجمالية في اللغة العربية.  
بعد عقد فصول دراسية لمدة ثلاثة أشهر باستخدام كل من الطريقة التقليدية وطريقة الدورات المفتوحة، بالإضافة إلى إجراء متابعة بعد شهر من انتهاء الفصول، أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن هذه الطريقة، بمستوى دلالة إحصائية (P<0.05)، لم يكن لها تأثير على تحسين مهارة الفهم والترجمة لدى الطلاب، لكنها كان لها تأثير إيجابي كبير على مهارة القواعد النحوية، كما كان لها تأثير ملحوظ على الدرجة الإجمالية للغة العربية لدى الطالبات في مدينة الأهواز.
قابلية ترجمة التناص الديني في النصوص الأدبية
Authors: عبيد معن
Published: August 2023

يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة الصعوبات التي واجهت ترجمة التناصات الدينية في رواية حارة المدق للروائي المصري نجيب محفوظ [1]، سعيًا إلى استكشاف التحديات والصعوبات التي أثرت على كل من المترجم وقراء النص المستهدف لهذه الرواية. تنتج هذه الصعوبات عن اختلاف مواقف الثقافتين العربية والإنجليزية تجاه الممارسات الدينية. ويوضح كيف أثرت هذه الاختلافات على النص الهدف وكيف يتعامل المترجم معها أثناء عملية الترجمة. وتأمل أن يسلط البحث الضوء على كيفية استمرار حدوث الخسائر الثقافية حتى عندما لا يعاني النص المستهدف من أي خسارة لغوية. مثل هذه الخسائر تكون على المستوى الرمزي والعميق حيث يجب على المترجم أن يقرأ بين السطور لالتقاط الدلالات الثقافية التي يقصدها منتج النص المصدر.
الحذف واغراضه من منظور الفرّاء في (معاني القرآن) - سورة البقرة نموذجاً
Authors: فيلي طالبة الدكتوراه آذر , جنتي فر الأستاذ المشارك الدكتور محمد , معصومي الأستاذ المساعد الدكتور محمد
Published: August 2023

إن ما يكمن وراء تباين رؤى المفسرين في الآيات القرآنية هو الأصول والقواعد النحوية والنحوية التي تضمنتها هذه الآيات. ونرى أنه من المهم مراجعة آراء الفرا في كتابه «معاني القرآن» حول خلاصة الحذف، إذ أن الأسلوب الجمالي أكثر شيوعاً في القرآن، لأنه ترك أثره في التفاسير اللاحقة للقرآن. الأدب لا يزال. وفي هذا البحث الذي قمنا به على أساس المنهج الوصفي التحليلي حاولنا مناقشة ومناقشة طريقة الحذف في سورة البقرة في الفراء. بالإضافة إلى ذلك نشير إلى أهم الآراء النحوية والبلاغية في هذه السورة. من توظيف أسلوب الحذف الذي يبدو لنا أنه أحد الأساليب الكثيرة المستخدمة في الفراء. وبالطبع فإن مدى استخدام هذه الطريقة وما يترتب عليها من امتداد أخلاقي في سورة البقرة يتميز بنطاق الفراء أضيق من نطاق البلاجيين. هذا بالإضافة إلى أن كتاب «معاني القرآن» حافل بالآراء النحوية والبلاغية الثمينة والقيمة الجديرة بالاهتمام. وما توصل إليه هذا البحث هو أن الفرا في تفسيره لسورة البقرة يذكر أدوارا مختلفة للحذف، بعضها يتعلق بالجانب الموسيقي للكلمة، لأنه يعتبر حذفا وظيفة موسيقية والبعض الآخر يتعلق بالدور. للحذف في تنسيق النص، والثالث يتعلق بأثر الحذف في توسيع معاني الكلام وإعطاء معاني ثانوية لها
Prevalence of Risk Factors for HAV, HBV, and HCV Infections in Babylon Governorate
Authors: Ali Randa A. , Ali Rwaida A. , Al-Diwan Jawad K.
Published: August 2023

Viral hepatitis is a significant global public health issue. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence and ntritional risk factors for HAV, HBV, and HCV infections in Babylon Governorate. A statistics of 328 patients with confirmed viral hepatitis attended different health institutions in Babylon governorate were collected form Department of Public Health of Babylon Governorate and included in this study. It was a trial to assess nutritional status of the patients. There were 41.16%, 40.24%, and 18.60% of patients are diagnosed with type A, B, and C viral hepatitis respectively. A significant association between hepatitis infections and vaccine intake, transmission methods (contact with infected patient, accident, and blood transfusion), and laboratory tests (sALT). In Conclusion Viral Hepatitis in Babylon necessitate broader vaccination coverage and tailored public health initiatives. A comprehensive approach including vaccination, screening, education, and nutrition support that essential for prevention.
El debate entre externistas e internistas acerca de la racionalidad inferencial
Authors: Pérez Otero Manuel
Published: August 2023

Se han presentado diversos argumentos contra el externismo sobre el contenido. Abordo aquí uno de esos argumentos, que -como algunos otros- procede de Boghossian. Se relaciona con nuestra racionalidad inferencial (por usar sus términos). Según su razonamiento, la aprioridad de nuestras habilidades lógicas es inconsistente con ciertas asunciones externistas. Esa conclusión no está justificada. El problema que señala Boghossian constituye un reto importante para cualquier teoría del contenido, no sólo para el externismo. Además, cuando examinamos qué pueden proponer los internistas para resolver el problema, constatamos que los externistas tienen un repertorio de posibles respuestas más prometedor que el de los internistas. En ese sentido, si cabe extraer alguna conclusión relevante para el debate externismo/internismo, es justamente contraria al propósito original de Boghossian, pues el escenario que plantea puede proporcionar indicios adicionales en favor del externismo.
El refugio de la claridad
Authors: Corbi Josep E.
Published: August 2023

La claridad y la argumentación sirven de refugio frente a la charlatanería en el filosofar, pero quienes enfatizan tales principios metodológicos tienden a identificar la claridad con la literalidad y la argumentación con la formalización. En este trabajo, considero los límites de una elucidación filosófica de nuestras prácticas morales que descanse en tal identificación; para ello, examino la relevancia de la posición original de John Rawls para la determinación de los principios de la justicia y, en general, de los experimentos mentales para el estudio de la moralidad. La relevancia de la posición original depende, a mi entender, de un supuesto de concordancia según el cual, a menos que incurramos en algún error deliberativo, no puede haber discrepancia alguna entre nuestros juicios relativos a la justicia acerca de una situación hipotética y nuestros juicios cuando nos enfrentamos realmente a la misma. A lo largo del texto, trato de mostrar que tal supuesto es insostenible a partir del examen de una experiencia moral particular: a saber, la experiencia del soldado; y, para ello, revindico las virtudes deliberativas de la conciencia expresiva de ciertos hechos frente a una mera conciencia declarativa de los mismos; finalmente, extraigo algunas consecuencias de esta distinción para la definición de un estilo filosófico.
La reforma de la universidad y el futuro de la filosofía
Authors: Hurtado Guillermo
Published: August 2023

En este trabajo se comentan algunas de las tesis principales del importante libro de Eduardo Rabossi, En el principio Dios creó el Canon. A partir de la afirmación de Rabossi de que lo que entendemos hoy por filosofía es un resultado de la reforma de la universidad durante el siglo XIX, se sostiene que una reforma de la filosofía canónica será imposible sin una reforma de la universidad contemporánea.
CAPNON. Un tumor neuroaxial muy infrecuente:
Authors: Valenzuela Cecchi Bayron , Orellana Patricia , Las Heras Facundo , Marín Francisco , Arroyo Monserrat , Fuentes Jaime , Bustos Patricio , Baabor Marcos , Contreras S Luis
Published: August 2023

La pseudoneoplasia calcificada del neuroaxis (CAPNON) es una lesión inusual que ocurre en cualquier parte del sistema nervioso central (SNC). Alrededor de 100 casos han sido descritos en la literatura. No se asocian a presentación clínica característica, siendo su comportamiento benigno. El tratamiento consiste en exéresis del tumor. Presentamos aquí el caso de un paciente de 36 años de sexo masculino con historia de hipoacusia y parestesias en hemicara derecha de 5 años de evolución. La resonancia ambulatoria muestra lesión tumoral calcificada en pedúnculo cerebeloso derecho. Se realiza neurocirugía con resección total de la lesión intraaxial. La biopsia informa proliferación fusocelular calcificada compatible con CAPNON. El CAPNON es una pseudoneoplasia benigna extremadamente inusual de origen incierto. El CAPNON a nivel cerebral y espinal puede tener una ubicación intraaxial o extraaxial. De las lesiones intracraneales son más frecuentes las extraaxiales y están ubicadas en la base de cráneo. El CAPNON se debe considerar en los diagnósticos diferenciales de lesiones calcificadas. 

Palabras claves: pseudoneoplasia calcificada del neuroaxis, CAPNON, lesión benigna, diagnósticos diferenciales
Neurocirugía e Inteligencia Artificial
Authors: Rojas Z. David
Published: August 2023

N/A
РОЛЬ МИКРОБИОТЫ КИШЕЧНИКА В РАЗВИТИИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ СИСТЕМЫ
Authors: Бисултанов С.З. , Карбалигова З.Э.
Published: August 2023

Заболевания сердечно-сосудистой системы относят к одним из основных причин, которые заканчиваются летальным исходом, и остаются лидирующей причиной смертности уже двадцать лет. Каждый год от данных заболеваний во всем мире умирает огромное количество людей, которое исчисляется в миллионах. Недавние исследования, проведенные учеными, выявили взаимосвязь роли микробиоты кишечника в развитии заболеваний сердечно-сосудистой системы. В результате этого исследования кишечной микробиоты и её связи с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями являются актуальными на данный момент и вызывают исследовательский интерес.
БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ И ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ СЕМЕЙСТВА АСТРОВЫЕ ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Атагаева М.Р. , Зулпухарова Т.Х. , Умаева А.М.
Published: August 2023

В данной статье проведен систематический анализ всех лекарственных растений семейства Астровые, произрастающих на территории Чеченской республики, проведена их классификация по семействам, родам.
АНАЛИЗ РОДА TRIFOLIUM ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Алдамов Р.Р. , Хастамирова И.А. , Ирисханова З.И.
Published: August 2023

Очень важно сохранить генетический фон флоры, особенно территориальной. Это связано с недостающей информацией о полезных растениях с одной стороны, а с другой – с вероятностью применения генофонда флоры для создания экономически значимых видов и сортов растений. Защита растительных сообществ и целого ряда видов растений необходима в научных, образовательных, эстетических целях, а также для сохранения естественной среды обитания естественных видов.
THE DUAL CHALLENGES OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND WORKING LIFE OF CONSTRUCTION WORKERS: A CASE STUDY IN MAYURBHANJ DISTRICT OF ODISHA
Authors: Sushree Sanghamitra  , Dr. Kailash Chandra Mishra
Published: August 2023

Background/Objectives: Today, it is highly emphasized that construction workers participation in the path of countrys development is depending upon by enhancing their social and economic status. In construction activities, health is the important determinant of employment, and it is the deteriorating factors consider to workers especially in construction sector. They are simultaneously engaging in economic and non-economic activities. The aim of this paper is to investigate socio-economic conditions and special emphasis has given to identify the work related problems of building construction workers in Mayurbhanj district of Odisha.
Methods/Statistical analysis: The study largely relays on field data. A sample size of 300 building construction respondents were selected from the district by employing simple random sampling method. The respondents were interviewed with a well-structured schedule. Simple percentage and regression analysis was used to interpret the data. A multiple regression analysis has been conducted to show the economic impact of the construction work on the construction workers. The Garret Ranking Technique is used for analysing the study of problems faced by unorganised workers in Mayurbhanj District.
Findings: In this multiple regression analysis saving is dependent variable whereas income, expenditure and type of work are independent variables. Income and expenditure are significant at 1 percent level and type of work is significant at 10 percent level. In the result of Garret Ranking the health hazards problem got the first rank with 89.44%, followed by ‘Heavy Physical Work got the second rank with 89.11 per cent of workers. This study concluded with some suggestions for improvement of the unorganised workers socio-economic conditions.
KEY WORDS: Building workers, socio-economic Condition, work-site problems, Regression Analysis, Garret- Ranking Technique.
VASCULAR-PLATELET HEMOSTASIS OF INJURED PATIENTS: PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Vyshynska Mariana , Dutko Khrystyna
Published: August 2023

The aim: We study vascular-platelet hemostasis peculiarities in patients with severe trauma.
Materials and methods: We included 50 patients, who were divided into control (n=15) and study (n=35) groups. The control group included patients without traumatic injuries, study group – patients with severe trauma. The study group was divided into the I subgroup (patients received 1 g tranexamic acid IV at the prehospital stage), and the II subgroup (1 g tranexamic acid IV after hospital admission).
Results: The main changes in the I subgroup started on the 3rd day, while in the II subgroup – on the 1st day. Patients of both subgroups on the 1st and 3rd days had a normal number of platelets in venous blood, however, on the 3rd day, there was a decreasing level of discocytes whereas the level of discoechinocytes, spherocytes, spheroechinocytes, and the sum of active forms of platelets were increased in comparison with the control group (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The changes in vascular-platelet hemostasis in patients appeared in the I subgroup on the 3rd day, while in the II subgroup – on the 1st day. For the I subgroup was the decreasing level of discocytes, whereas the level of discoechinocytes, spherocytes, spheroechinocytes, and the sum of active forms of platelets were increased. For the II subgroup on the 1st day, there was an increasing sum of active forms of platelets, on the 3rd day – the level of discocytes was decreased, and levels of discoechinocytes, spherocytes, spheroechinocytes, and the sum of active forms of platelets were increased.
CLINICAL FEATURES OF THE CARIES COURSE OF TEMPORARY TEETH IN CHILDREN
Authors: Godovanets Oksana , Kotelban Anastasiia , Romaniuk Dojnitsa , Moroz Petro
Published: August 2023

The aim: Assess the incidence of caries of temporary teeth in children using the indices drxfm, SIC, ICDAS.
Materials and methods: A survey of 255 children 3 and 6 years old was conducted and 2 research groups were formed. We determined the prevalence, intensity of caries by the expanded formula drxfm, SIC-index and ICDAS II 1-6, as well as determined the Green-Vermilion hygienic index.
Results: The high prevalence of caries of permanent teeth according to WHO criteria was revealed. The average value of ICDAS II 1-6 at the age of 3 years is 1.91 ± 0.24 teeth, p <0.05. In 6-year-olds, this index was 3.78 ± 0.32 teeth, p <0.05. In 3-year-old children, the average value of SIC was 2.64 ± 0.09 teeth, which probably differed from that of 6-year-old children – 6.82 ± 0.12 teeth. Regarding the Green-Vermilion index, unsatisfactory oral hygiene was found in children aged 3 and 6 years.
Conclusions: Thus, the obtained high rates of prevalence and intensity of caries determine the special importance of caries prevention measures and indicate the need to find new approaches in the fight for dental health of children.
PERIODONTAL DISEASE AND SALIVARY OXIDATION STRESS IN CHILDREN WITH LYMPHOGRANULOMATOSIS
Authors: Yanko Nataliia V. , Kaskova Lyudmyla , Vashchenko Iryna , Novikova Svitlana Ch.
Published: August 2023

The aim: To investigate the impact of lymphogranulomatosis (LGM) and periodontal disease on salivary lipid peroxidation and enzymatic antioxidants` levels in children.
Materials and methods: 45 children aged 6–16 years with LGM were examined before hematologic therapy (group LGM 1), after therapy (group LGM 2), and at the remission (group LGM 3). The control group included 70 healthy children. Periodontal state of children, saliva thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were examined.
Results: 6-11 years old children from LGM 1 group showed a higher frequency of periodontal disease (50,0%), as well as 12-15 year olds (80,8%) compared to healthy children (17,4% and 42,8% accordingly, p<0,05). TBARS levels were higher in LGM 1-3 groups of children with periodontal disease (9,79, 12,3 and 12,6 umol/l, р<0,01) compared to counterparts without it (8,01, 10,1 and 11,6 umol/l, р<0,01) and healthy children with periodontal disease (7,9 umol/l, р<0,01). SOD activity was higher in LGM 1-3 groups of children with periodontal disease (-0,075, -0,086, -0,074 units) compared to children without it (-0,048, -0,059, -0,04 units, р<0,01) and healthy children with periodontal disease (-0,04 units, р<0,01). Catalase activity was lower in LGM 1-3 groups of children with periodontal disease (6,72, 5,2 and 6,7 units) compared to counterparts without it (7,3, 3,7 and 4,7 units, р<0,01) and healthy children with periodontal disease (7,1 units, р<0,01).
Conclusions: Children with periodontal disease related to LGM had higher TBARS levels, SOD activity and lower catalase activity in saliva. Both LGM and periodontal disease altered lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in saliva of children.
INFLUENCE OF CHOLESTEROL ENRICHED DIET ON GENES EXPRESSION ENCODING BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-2 AND OSTEOCALCIN IN MOUSE MANDIBLE
Authors: Yakubova Inessa I. , Ostrianko Volodymyr , Dosenko Victor , Bielova Liliia , Skrypnyk Yurii , Viun Ganna
Published: August 2023

The aim: To evaluate the mRNA expression of the key regulators of osteogenesis – osteocalcin and BMP-2 in the mouse embryos mandible (17th day of pregnancy) which were borne by females on high-cholesterol diet for 30 days before fertilization and throughout pregnancy.
Materials and methods: Experimental hypercholesterolemia (2%) was simulated by adding Cholesterol to the diet for 60 days. In experiment were used 40 mature female white mice that were randomly divided to control and experimental groups. The control group were fed with standard chow diet, the experimental group with diet with cholesterol enriched diet (with addition of 2 grams of Cholesterol per 100 grams of standard chow). The mandibles of mouse embryos (E−17) were examined by using molecular genetic methods.
Results: In control group the relative level of BMP-2 mRNA / actin mRNA was 27.0±2.82, the relative level of and osteocalcin mRNA / actin mRNA was 30.5±6,28. In the jaws of animals in the experimental group with cholesterol enriched diet, the expression relative level of BMP-2 was 30.9±5.81 that is by 14,4% higher than in control group. Therefore, the expression level of оsteocalcin, on the contrary, decreased by 22.3% and was 23.7+5.31.
Conclusions: Our study report influence of the cholesterol enriched diet (2%) on mRNA expression of BMP-2 and osteocalcin encoding genes. The embryos from mouse on cholesterol enriched diet (2%) had increased level of BMP-2 gene expression, however significantly decreased level of osteocalcin gene expression.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF SELECTING THE EXTENT OF A SURGICAL INTERVENTION IN SPINAL TUMOR
Authors: Popov Andrii , Petrenko Dmytro , Kutsenko Volodymyr , Lazarenko Iurii , Bondarenko Stanislav , Popsuyshapka Konstyantyn , Maltseva Valentyna
Published: August 2023

The aim: To develop a mathematical model of selecting the extent of surgical intervention in the spinal tumors.
Materials and methods: The retrospective study included 237 patients with spinal tumors who underwent the following surgeries: vertebroplasty (V); vertebroplasty and spinal fixation (F+V); posterior spinal decompression and spinal fixation (F+F); vertebrectomy and replacement of vertebra by a cage with posterior spinal fixation (F+F+K). The mathematical model is based on the modified Spine Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS). The patients were divided into two clusters. Cluster analysis was used to build a diagnostic decision tree model.
Results: The difference between two clusters is determined by the extent of surgical intervention, the grade of the vertebral lesion, epidural compression, and local kyphosis, and neurological signs as well. The cluster 1 included 115 patients with higher values of SINS compared to the cluster 2. All cases of vertebroplasty belonged to the cluster 2. In the cluster 1 cases of surgery of large extent: F+F; F+V; F+F+K. Analysis of the decision tree model for cluster 1 showed that a type of surgery was determined for 97 patients from 115 that relates to 84.3% of overall accuracy. The decision tree model have a high predictive accuracy for the surgery F+V and better indicators of coverage and predictive accuracy for the surgery F+F+K.
Conclusions: Our study developed a decision tree model to optimize spinal neoplasm surgery, achieving 84.3% accuracy based on significant prognosis criteria. The model considers surgical type, neurological signs, vertebra lesion grade, and stage of epidural compression, potentially improving clinical outcomes.
LEGAL REGULATION OF THE INSTITUTE OF TRANSPLANTATION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Mernyk Anastasiia , Zinchenko Olena V. , Sydorenko Olga O. , Chevychalova Zhanna V.
Published: August 2023

The aim: The aim of the study is to generalize the established by scientists features of the legal regulation of the institute of transplantation in Ukraine and other countries.
Materials and methods: The article examines the institute of transplantation, its medico-legal character, and the problems of implementing the institute in Ukraine. In the study, the authors applied general scientific methods, which include system analysis, system modeling, dialectical method. The authors used the following materials: laws, decrees of the President of Ukraine, resolutions of the government and ministries of healthcare, dissertations and articles by scientists, assessments of leading experts in the field.
Conclusions: Theoretically, the legal aspect of the study of the institute of transplantation is important for formulating the general patterns of its emergence, developing prospects for its functioning and strategic directions for its further development, building a system for protecting the rights of all participants in this legal relationship. Different aspects of transplantation can be considered separately: medical or surgical; biological; psychological. But there is an equally important aspect – the legal one, which reveals the institute of transplantation from the standpoint of the protection of human dignity.
Resilience in Minorities
Authors: Gunnestad Arve , Larsen Anne-Mari , Nguluka Stella
Published: August 2023

In this study we compare the situation of two minorities, the San people of Botswana and the Travellers in Norway. We want to explore how their way of life, their culture, travelling then want to show how knowledge of resilience and protective factors can be important for the survival and development of minority cultures in general and for the life and education of children in particular.
Uses of Mass Media for Adaptation Purposes: A Quantitative Study of Brazilian Immigrants in Los Angeles
Authors: Reis Raul
Published: August 2023

This research project used a survey to assess the impact of English- and Portuguese-language mass media on how Brazilian immigrants in the Los Angeles area adapt to their new environment. In addition to mass media use, the survey also took into account cultural preferences, language fluency, and demographics as possible predictors of cultural adaptation for Brazilian immigrants in a large and multicultural metropolitan area of the United States. Hypotheses were tested by using bivariate correlations to determine the relationships between the independent (language, media use, demographics) and dependent (cultural adaptation) variables. In addition, a discussion of intercultural communication and some characteristics of the Brazilian community are provided.
Reshaping educational experience by volunteering in the community: Language learners in the real world
Authors: Andrew Martin
Published: August 2023

This paper views tertiary language learners’ gaining a sense of cultural belonging and an awareness of intercultural communication through three prisms: (i) the metaphor of "investment", (ii) the notion of "community of practice" and (iii) the concept of "imagined community". Applied to environments of real world learning, specifically the volunteer sector, the notion of "community" holds a key to reshaping the cultural education experiences for participants in language learning programs, including learners of English as an Additional Language (EAL). This paper examines facets of "community" to contextualise the experiences of learners in a project where advanced EAL learners undertook volunteer work as part of a cultural learning curriculum within a Bachelor of Arts in EAL at a tertiary institute in New Zealand. This project gave learners access to "communities of practice" (Lave & Wenger 1992; Wenger 1998), providing contexts where instructors can reshape learners’ higher education experiences by identifying cultural learning opportunities within the volunteer sector of the community. In educational research, the properties of community include insider support, common goals, shared discourse and membership (Rovai 2002a). The occurrence of such features in a student’s volunteer placement depends on the degree of "investment" (Norton 2000; Pittaway 2004) participants have in individual and community goals. In the project, the journalised reflections of the participating migrants, refugees and international students reveal the cultural and ontological value of community work. This paper uses the concepts of real and imagined communities to theorise the participants’ investments in their learning, presents qualitative findings from the project, and describes a range of benefits for EAL learners’ learning in community. The paper concludes that investing in community can prepare learners for their future and imagined communities while reshaping significant aspects of cultural learning.
Dubbing or Subtitling Interculturalism: Choices and Constraints
Authors: González-Iglesias J. David , Toda Fernando
Published: August 2023

The creation of audiovisual products is currently one the most visible manifestations of multiculturalism in the world. From documentaries to TV series, or even from videogames to software, the interaction of cultures has an unparalleled window from which it can be shown, understood and spread through audiovisual material. It is obvious that translation and translators play a crucial role in the transmission of such material, and in view of this situation, the choice of translation modes is far from neutral or innocent. This paper aims to prove that, contrary to popular belief, dubbing can be more effective than subtitling in the manifestation of cultural differences or conflict, and that, in any case, dubbing and subtitling are subjected to specific constraints by themselves and with regard to intercultural communication (ICC) that must be taken into account in any critical review or analysis.
Interpreters in Intercultural Health Care Settings: Health professionals’ and professional interpreters’ cultural knowledge, and their reciprocal perception and collaboration
Authors: Hanssen Ingrid , Alpers Lise-Merete
Published: August 2023

To learn how health professionals and interpreters perceive each other and collaborate. Based on this discuss the role of professional interpreters.Method: Narrative interviews with nurses, focus group interviews and questionnaire studies of medical nurses, psychiatric health professionals, and professional interpreters.Findings: Communication problems may be caused by language and by different horizons of understanding, medical explanations, expressions of symptoms etc. Many health professionals find it difficult to communicate well with patients through interpreters. They tend to trust professional interpreters to translate everything being said and inform about misunderstandings, while Norwegian interpreters are only authorised for verbatim translations without any additions or comments.Conclusion: Interpreters are needed who are qualified to act as cultural mediators and who are legally and ethically authorised to do so.
Creating a Culture of Peace. The Performing Arts in Interethnic Negotiations
Authors: Skyllstad Kjell
Published: August 2023

The Norwegian national institute for music dissemination (Rikskonsertene) initiated a three year school research project "Resonant Community" (1989 - 92). The project aimed at creating an understanding for the cultural traditions of immigrant communities in the Norwegian capital, and preventing discriminatory attitudes through an art program related to cultural traditions of the various immigrant groups.The project further aimed at releasing and promoting the artistic talents and ressources in these communities through cooperation with leading artists from countries of origin in the fields of music and dance. The author directed a comprehensive research program and published the main findings in a report Participating schools were found to benefit from the program through improved interethnic relation. Incidents of harassment were reduced and immigrant children with improved self image were found to find easier acceptance.The Norwegian project was followed up through other intercultural initiatives, and led to a new profile in educational and cultural policy. A Norwegian multicultural music centre was founded, arranging a yearly world music festival.The Department of Music and Theatre of the University of Oslo has been responsible for cooperation programs with countries where interethnic problems have called for new initiatives. A cooperation program with the Institute of Aesthetic Studies in Sri Lanka has led to intercultural initiatives including an Asian multicultural music festival. Cooperation with University institutes in Croatia and Slovenia and Israel have likewise been centered on the role of the arts in conflict transformation. Experiences from an Israeli/Palestinian childrens' choir project are discussed within the general background of intercultural relations.