bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of C-reactive proteins level in gestational hypertension and in normal pregnancy in 2nd and 3rd trimester and its correlation with maternal and foetal outcome
Authors: Rout Rashmi Ranjan , Mahalik Meenakshi
Published: May 2019

Background: Hypertensive pregnancy disorder covers a spectrum of clinical conditions namely preeclampsia, eclampsia, chronic hypertension and gestational hypertension. Impaired function of vascular endothelium in preeclampsia may cause abnormal immune activation causing release of inflammatory agents like cytokines, C-reactive proteins (CRP) etc. Aim of this study is to evaluate the CRP (Q) levels in gestational hypertension and in normal pregnancy in 2nd and 3rd trimester and its correlation with maternal and foetal outcome.Methods: Total 350 patients were involved in the study with 160 subjects in Study group meeting the eligibility criteria and 190 subjects in control group. All the cases were followed up during the rest part of their antenatal, labour and postpartum period for development of preeclampsia and eclampsia and their effect on mother and foetus.Results: In 2nd and 3rd trimester mean CRP level in study group was 10.01 mg/L and 10.28 mg/L compare to control group 1.85 mg/L and 3.06 mg/L respectively. Difference of mean CRP level was statistically significant (P value <0.001) in both 2nd and 3rd trimester. Gestational age at delivery and birth weight, Apgar score for baby was lower in study group as compared to control group. Maternal morbidity, maternal mortality, mode of delivery by caesarean section, IUD, still birth, preterm delivery, IUGR, baby with respiratory distress syndrome was significantly higher in study group.Conclusions: Increased serum CRP level can be used as a biomarker for identifying women at risk of preeclampsia and its complications along with adverse effect.
Pregnancy in a rare case of Takayasu’s arteritis: a case report
Authors: Shah Kushal , Nayak Vaishali Korde
Published: May 2019

In Takayasu’s arteritis is a rare, chronic idiopathic vasculitis affecting aorta and its major branches, commonly seen in young women of Asian origin. Incidence is 2.6 cases/million/year. Female of reproductive age group are commonly affected. A 32-year female G3A2 with known case of Takayasu arteritis wanted to continue this pregnancy under tremandous social pressure and came for antenatal care at tertiary care hospital. As the pregnancy advanced, she developed uncontrolled hypertension and severe IUGR. At 30 weeks of gestation, elective LSCS had to be done in view of reduced fetal blood flow and severe growth restriction. She delivered male baby of 1 kg which was shifted to NICU. Patient required cardiac intensive care unit for first 48 hrs and later shifted to ward. Postoperative period was uneventful, and patient could be discharged on 8th day. Baby received intensive NICU care and discharged after 1 month with 2 kg weight. Pregnancy with takayasu arteritis requires a multipronged management from gynaecologist, cardiologist, cardiac anaesthetist and neonatologist for favourable maternal and fetal outcome.
Comparative study of manual anal dilatation and lateral internal anal sphincterotomy in the treatment of acute anal fissure
Authors: G. S. R. Hareesh , Somangurthy Padmanabham
Published: May 2019

Background: An anal fissure is an extremely common condition which is also one of the most painful condition. It can be very troubling because, if acute, the severity of patient discomfort and extent of disability far exceed that which would be expected from a seemingly trivial lesion. This study compares two most commonly done procedures for anal fissure, manual anal dilatation (MAD) and lateral internal anal sphincterotomy (LAS).Methods: This is a prospective cohort study comparing MAD and LAS in the treatment of chronic anal fissure at Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati, from December 2017 to December 2018. A total of 60 patients who met inclusion criteria were randomized to undergo either MAD or LAS and analyzed for post-operative pain, post-operative complications, hospital stay, recurrence rates and compliance.Results: Total 60 patients were randomized to MAD and LAS. The patients who have undergone LAS have better pain relief and slightly increased risk of infection. Those who have undergone MAD have less risk of infection and recurrence rates and complications are not significantly less than LAS.Conclusions:MAD and LAS are both equally effective and safe for treatment of acute anal fissure with less chances of recurrence. However postoperative pain was slightly more in MAD group.
A study on association between inguinal hernia and benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Parthiban Suganth Sarvesh , Durairaj Balaji
Published: May 2019

Background: Inguinal hernia is the most common cause of abdomen wall hernias with multiple etiological risk factors. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most important cause of bladder outlet obstruction in elderly males leading to chronic straining and difficulty in micturition, which can precipitate inguinal hernia. The occurrence of both inguinal hernia and BPH with lower urinary tract symptoms increases with age. Some studies show that their occurrence together is considered a chance co-existence rather than cause and effect. This study is aimed to find out whether BPH is a significant risk factor for developing inguinal hernia in males.Methods: This study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Chennai. 126 males, aged 40 and above were selected according to inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups viz cases (with inguinal hernia) and controls (without inguinal hernia). IPSS scoring chart, prostate volume and uroflometric analysis were done for both groups and results were compared.Results: IPSS scoring showed 22 cases (35%) and 22 controls (35%) had moderate to severe symptoms and no statistical significance. The mean prostate volume in cases was 22.5 g compared with 22.6 g among controls and was statistically insignificant. 11 cases (17%) and 13 controls (21%) had Qmax value less than 15 and the difference was statistically insignificant.Conclusions: This study shows that, although both inguinal hernia and benign prostatic hyperplasia are seen with increased frequency in the aged male population, there is no statistically significant association between the two. Their occurrence together is considered a chance co-existence rather than cause and effect.
Clinico-pathological and demographic profile of patients with carcinoma stomach: a tertiary care experience
Authors: Mir Shabir Ahmad , Intikhab Mir , Dar Hanief Mohamed , Wani Mumtazdin
Published: May 2019

Background: Gastric cancer is a common malignancy all over the world, and our valley is not an exception. Under this background, we conducted the present study at our tertiary care hospital to look into the clinico-demographic profile of this disease.  Aim was to determine the clinico-pathological and demographic profile of patients with carcinoma stomach attending to our tertiary care hospital.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in unit-II of department of general surgery in Shri Maharaja Harisingh hospital Srinagar, over a period of 5.5 years from July 2012 to December 2017. All patients with histopathological diagnosis of gastric malignancy were included and analysed.Results: Male to female ratio was 1.4:1 with mean age of 63.23 years. The most common histopathological type of gastric malignancy was adenocarcinoma (85.84%) followed by lymphoma. The most common location of the gastric cancer was distal third of the stomach. Fifty-seven patients (50.4%) were offered definitive surgery and 21(18.58%) were managed by palliative surgery. Out of 113 patients, 87 patients (76.9%) had present or past history of smoking. The most common presentation in our study was dyspepsia.Conclusions: Profile of gastric carcinoma in our institution is not in wide variance with that of other studies. A significant proportion of patients presented with an advanced or unresectable disease because of the delay in proper screening. All patients with history of dyspepsia (age >50 years) and anemia should undergo screening upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy at the earliest, so that we can detect the lesion at the initial stage.
Incidence of adverse events after discharge from a secondary hospital in northern Ghana
Authors: Iddrisu Inusah D. , Anyanful Akwasi , Nuvor Samuel V.
Published: May 2019

Background: Adverse events involve unintended injuries or complications resulting in death, disability, harm or prolonged hospital stay that arise from health care management. This paper aims at giving insight into the incidence, types and severity of adverse events after hospital discharge in the context of the management/care patients received from the hospital.Methods: A descriptive cohort study design was used in a secondary hospital in Ghana. The study population involved patients discharged from the medical, surgical and emergency wards of the Hospital. A total of 206 patients were recruited through a consecutive sampling technique.Results: The findings revealed an adverse events rate of 25.7%. The study also identified adverse events related to medications to be the leading type of adverse events recorded after discharge from the hospital. There were 3.9% death rate among participants 21 days after discharge from the hospital. The study revealed that adverse events usually occur after discharge from the hospitals which differ in several forms and in severity.Conclusions: These, therefore offer nurses and other service providers an opportunity to target the areas for improvement of services.
Can your eye glasses lead to future neck pain and disability? Relation of eyeglasses with neck muscle endurance and posture
Authors: Pawalia Alka , Joshi Shabnam , Yadav Vikram Singh
Published: May 2019

Background: Use of spectacles is common for people having vision problems. Unifocal and bifocal are usually the commonly used lenses for vision correction. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of type of lenses in eyeglasses on the neck muscles endurance and neck posture.Methods: A sample of 132 subjects were recruited and divided in three groups according to use of unifocal, bifocal or no glasses. Normal healthy subjects using eyeglasses for a minimum of 2 years and as per selection criteria were assessed for their deep neck flexor endurance (DNF) and craniovertebral angle (CVA).Results: Females had less DNF endurance than males in all groups. DNF endurance was also least reported in subjects using bifocal lenses followed by unifocal and no glasses. These results were similar for both males and females. Bifocal group also had least CVA amongst both sexes.Conclusions: Use of bifocal lenses reduces the DNF endurance and leads to forward head posture over time. These two factors are commonly associated with development of neck pain and disability. Assessment for the type of lens in eyeglasses should be added in diagnosing musculoskeletal problems in neck. Appropriate neck exercises, corrective postures and advise for correct eyeglasses at an early stage could maintain DNF endurance and therefore, prevent faulty neck postures and associated pain. This small check could be a big step towards reducing the financial and psychological burden on the patient and an affordable and less invasive public health solution to neck related problems.
A community based cross sectional study to assess the prevalence and pattern of co- morbidities among known type 2 diabetic patients of urban slum of North Karnataka, India
Authors: Pattankar Tanuja P. , Patil Shailaja S.
Published: May 2019

Background: India is the second largest home for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The chronic nature of disease along with high prevalence of “co morbidities” make its management tricky. Hence this multiple health conditions lead to faster decline in quality of health, which poses a great concern on the health-care delivery system as well as on patients’ pocket. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of co-morbidities among known type 2 diabetic patients residing in urban slums of the field practice area of a Medical College in North Karnataka.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study done in urban slums among type 2 diabetics, sample size was calculated to be 155. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information regarding socio-demographic data and history of co-morbidities; height, weight and blood-pressure were measured using standard criteria. HbA1C level was checked using single use HbA1C Now+ kit by BHR diagnostics.Results: Out of 158 type 2 diabetics in our study, 86.7% had presence of one or the other co-morbidity. 61.9% and 51.5% of male and female participants had HbA1c levels >7.0 respectively, this was statistically significant. HbA1c level and BMI were significantly associated with presence of co-morbidities in our study population.Conclusions: Results show high prevalence of co-morbidities among type 2 diabetics. Hypertension, obesity, depression and neuropathy are the commonest co-morbidities. So, prevention of such co-existing diseases improves the quality of life of the sufferers.
Knowledge, attitude, practice and perception about menstruation and menstrual hygiene among adolescent school girls in rural areas of Raigad district
Authors: Parle Jyoti , Khatoon Zoya
Published: May 2019

Background: Menstrual hygiene is essential to decrease susceptibility of urinary and reproductive tract infection and promotes better health of women. Cultural and religious beliefs concerning menstruation such as food taboos and untouchability have harmful impact on dignity and wellbeing of adolescent girls. As a consequence many girls lack appropriate and satisfactory information regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene. Thereby it is crucial to assess knowledge, attitude, practice and perception about menstruation and menstrual hygiene.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study, conducted among 600 adolescent school girls in rural areas of Raigad district to assess knowledge, attitude, practice and perception about menstruation and menstrual hygiene via self made questionnaire. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 24. Chi square test was applied to find association between variables.Results: Overall more than half 53.3% and 52.8% of the respondent had poor knowledge and poor practice on menstruation and menstrual hygiene respectively. Despite of poor knowledge majority of respondent 55.2% heard about menstruation before attaining menarche. Factors that were significantly associated with knowledge of menstruation and menstrual hygiene were adolescent age (Χ2=267.294, p=0.00), mother’s education (Χ2=77.331, p=0.00) and practice on menstruation (Χ2=111.745, p=0.00).Conclusions: Health education strategies and awareness programme on menstruation and menstrual hygiene should be framed to promote better health of adolescent girl.
Comparative study on efficacy of traditional lysol based floor cleaners versus newer biological and sodium hypochlorite based floor cleaner in our institution
Authors: Shanmugam Subbiah , . Rajkiran
Published: May 2019

Background: Floor disinfection plays a major role in patient to patient transmission of infections in hospital environment. In our hospital, lysol based floor cleaner was routinely used for floor cleaning. In our study we compare alternative methods of disinfection using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) based floor cleaner and biological (cows urine based) floor cleaner with traditional Lysol based floor cleaner.Methods: Three floor cleaners were used in the study (Lysol, NaOCl, biological cleaner). Study was conducted in our institution between August 2018 to October 2018. These floor cleaners were used in different floors and swab was taken every month to determine their efficacy of disinfection.Results: After initial culture of all three floor cleaner samples, the Lysol solution was culture positive for clostridium tetani spore. In first month, Lysol was used in both floor 1 and floor 2. In second month, NaOCl floor cleaner in floor 2 and biological cleaner in floor 1 was used. In third month, NaOCl floor cleaner for floor 1 and biological cleaner for floor 2 was used. Swabs taken at the end of each month was negative for culture except clostridium tetani spores were grown in floor 2 in corridor floor in which biological cleaner was used in third month.Conclusions: Floor cleaning with alternative reagents like NaOCl and biological cleaners are non inferior in disinfection of hospital environment in comparison with traditional lysol floor cleaner.
A comparative study to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding tuberculosis among the male and female TB patients in district Amritsar
Authors: Sadana Pooja , Verma Vishal , Singh Tejbir , Deepti S. S.
Published: May 2019

Background: Lack of knowledge about tuberculosis could have an effect on the patients who seek health care services and continue the disease transmission within the public. Hence, the study was conducted in Amritsar district to assess knowledge, attitude and practice towards transmission and prevention of Tuberculosis.Methods: The study was conducted on 326 patients registered with district tuberculosis centre, Amritsar. Information was collected with reference to knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding TB.Results: A total of 228 patients participated in the study. 72.4% had heard of tuberculosis before being diagnosed, with significant gender difference (p=0.016). 19.3% were afraid to disclose the disease to others. The relation between fear of disclosing the disease and gender was found to be statistically significant (p=0.011). 23.5% male vs 8.3% females were worried about finances, which was found to be statistically significant (p=0.002). Regarding the practices, 72.4% of the patients used separate utensils. In response to stigma 9.2% patients had isolated themselves from other members and 34.6% had discontinued their work and there was significant gender difference seen with both these practices (p=0.0001).Conclusions: There were lot of unfavourable attitude and practices regarding TB. More male patients had heard of tuberculosis. Due to social stigma more males had isolated themselves and discontinued their work as compared to females. Females were worried that other family members may not get the disease.
Role of mother’s knowledge and feeding practices in improvement of children from severe acute malnutrition
Authors: Jaiswal Prashant K. , Gupta Shubhra A. , Verma Nirmal
Published: May 2019

Background: Under nutrition is significant health problem in India as well as in Chhattisgarh, recent NFHS 4 data shows that there is increase in number of children who are severely wasted from 5.6% in NFHS 3 to 8.4% in Chhattisgarh. Literature shows appropriate feeding practices and break in malnutrition infection cycle help malnourished child to recover, so present study was planned with the objective to find out the role of mother knowledge regarding feeding practices and management of minor ailments related to improvement of severe acute malnourished children discharged cured from nutritional rehabilitation centres in Chhattisgarh.Methods: A community based study was planned among children discharged as cured from NRC between March to December 2017. They were followed in community to find out socio-demographic factor, feeding practice after discharge, mother knowledge score, household dietary diversity using 24 hour recall method & anthropometric measurements.Results: Out of 156 children discharged as cured from March to December 2017, total 132 children were covered during the survey from January to June 2018. It was observed that improvement in nutritional status after discharge was significantly associated with increasing knowledge score for mother regarding nutrition and children who were separately feed after discharge from NRC.Conclusions: Mother knowledge regarding nutrition and management of minor ailments and feeding practice to child after discharge are important factors associated with the improvement of children from SAM.
A study to assess the unmet need for contraception among married women in the urban field practice area of a medical college
Authors: M. Anupama , Iyengar Krishna , S. S. Rajesh , Jayaram Ashok , P. Venkatesh
Published: May 2019

Background: The concept of unmet need for family planning points to the gap between some women’s reproductive intentions and their contraceptive behaviour. The National Population policy (NPP) 2000 states that the immediate objective is to address the unmet need for contraceptive services. Unintended pregnancy related to unmet need is a worldwide problem that affects women and their families and societies at large.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2016 to October 2017 in Maralur and Maralur Dinne, urban localities under urban health Training Centre of Sri Siddhartha Medical College. 260 Married women (15–49 years) were interviewed by house to house survey. The questionnaire was used to collect data to assess their reproductive intentions and contraceptive behaviour.Results: Out of 260 participants, 144 (55.4%) of them belonged to the group where their contraceptive needs were met for spacing and limiting births, 59 (22.69%) of them of did not have any need for contraceptives, 16 (6.15%) had unmet need for spacing births and 41 (15.77%) of the participants had unmet need for limiting births.Conclusions: The unmet need for contraceptives was 21.92% in the study which is much higher compared to NFHS-4 data for urban India (12.1%). The reasons and the factors associated with the unmet need should be addressed.
Assessment of knowledge of school going children regarding HIV/AIDS in rural field practice area (RHTC) Srinagar, JLN medical college and Hospital, Ajmer
Authors: Keswani Mahesh , Gupta Teena , Meharda Bharat
Published: May 2019

Background: AIDS, the acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (slim disease) is a fatal illness caused by a retro virus known as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which breaks down the body’s immune system. Transmission of HIV is mainly by unprotected sexual contacts, mother to child (antenatal, perinatal and postnatal), and transfer of infected blood.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to June 2018 in randomly selected government and private schools from rural field practice area. A total of 300 students randomly selected from 10th to 12th class were included in the study, of whom 150 were boys and 150 were girls. The data collected were presented in percentage and figure.Results: Majority of students (61.35%) belonged to age group of 15-18 years and most of them were females. Most of the students (85.2%) had heard about HIV/AIDS but only 53.5% knew that HIV/AIDS caused by a virus. The knowledge regarding mode of transmission of HIV/AIDS was unprotected sex, as expressed by 86.1% students. 70.66% students believe that condoms is the best method of protection against HIV followed by safe blood 43.6%, Disposable syringes 40.29%.Conclusions: Majority of students (61.35%) belonged to age group of 15-18 years and most of them were females. Most of the students (85.2%) had heard about HIV/AIDS but only 53.5% knew that HIV/AIDS caused by a virus. The knowledge regarding mode of transmission of HIV/AIDS was unprotected sex, as expressed by 86.1% students. 70.66% students believe that condoms is the best method of protection against HIV followed by safe blood 43.6%, Disposable syringes 40.29%.
Adequacy of iodisation of salt at the household level and its associated factors in a rural sub-centre area of Bangalore Urban District, Karnataka, India: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kalliath Jacob D. , Agrawal Twinkle , Fathima Farah N. , Antony Sonu , Antony Amal , Gampala Swarajyam , Bata Dilip K.
Published: May 2019

Background: Consumption of iodised salt is a simple, eﬀective and inexpensive preventive measure to prevent iodine deﬁciency disorders. Lack of awareness, faulty practices in storage as well as poor production quality lead to decreased availability of iodine at consumer level. The objective of the study was to estimate the proportion of households using adequately iodised salt and to assess their awareness and practices regarding iodised salt consumption in a subcentre region of Sarjapur PHC area in Bangalore Urban District.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in 382 households selected by two stage method involving proportional allocation based on village size followed by systematic random sampling at village level. MBI salt testing kit was used to check for iodisation level.Results: Of the 382 households, 22.3% used inadequately iodised salt. Out of the 382 individuals interviewed, 72% were females and only 21% were aware about iodised salt. Majority of the households purchased salt from a general store, was stored in tightly closed plastic containers and kept on shelves. Only 5% looked for the iodine logo on the packets before purchase of salt. Individuals with poor awareness, purchase of salt at public distribution system store, storage of salt on the floor, use of crystal salt were significantly associated with presence of inadequately iodised salt at the household.Conclusions: Nearly 30% of the salt packets used by households were inadequately iodised. Awareness regarding iodised salt was poor which contributed to the presence of inadequately iodised salt at household level.
Prevalence of acute respiratory infections among under five children in a rural area of Kozhikode district, Kerala
Authors: Vijayan Binsu , L. Dhilmon T. , Johnson Liaquat Roopesh
Published: May 2019

Background: Although childhood acute respiratory infections (ARI) is a significant public health problem in India, robust epidemiological data on its prevalence is not available. This study was done to estimate the prevalence of ARI in under five children and study the factors responsible for the same in a rural area of Kozhikode District.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in 386 under-5 children in Kunnamangalam panchayat of Kozhikode district from June 2015 to June 2016. Employing cluster sampling technique, data regarding socio demographic factors, prevalence of ARI and selected factors were collected using a pre tested semi structured questionnaire.Results: The overall prevalence of ARI in children was 31.9 %. Prevalence was slightly higher in boys (32.7%) than in girls (31.1%).  The prevalence of ARI was more in lower social class children (36.1%), compared to those from upper social class (26.3%). ARI was higher in children living in overcrowded houses (40.2%), poorly ventilated houses (37.8%), houses in which there were no smoke outlets (43.1%), houses having pets (58.6%). Underweight children were also found to have higher rates of ARI (46.5%). Binary logistic regression revealed that after adjusting for all other factors, age less than 1 year (OR 0.48, p=0.02) and nuclear family (OR 0.10, p=0.01) are significant independent protective factors for ARI.Conclusions: Among under-5 children, younger age and membership in a nuclear family are significant protective factors for ARI.
Why mental health literacy still matters: a review
Authors: Venkataraman Surendran , Patil Rajkumar , Balasundaram Sivaprakash
Published: May 2019

The magnitude of mental disorders is a growing public health concern. An increasing amount of research globally has attempted to understand the reasons for poor help-seeking for different mental health disorders. A segment of work has focused on ‘mental health literacy’ (MHL) defined as knowledge and beliefs about mental disorders which aid their recognition, management & prevention. Studies on mental health literacy, people’s knowledge of, and attitude towards mental illness, and beliefs about mental health treatment were obtained through a review of literature in PubMed databases using the medical subject headings (MeSH) terms and unpublished, grey literature during the year 1995 to 2018. Nearly 50 of the eligible articles were included for the final report. Findings revealed that the general public have relatively poor recognition of the symptoms of mental health disorders and appear to emphasise self-help over standard medical treatments. Negative attitudes toward mental illness that hinders individuals from seeking professional treatment, and help-seeking are the common themes that emerge from the findings. Findings also revealed that treatment seeking, attitudes and beliefs toward mental illness are related to mental health literacy. Several different factors that influence have been identified, including gender, culture, age, educational qualifications, and personality. MHL in general remains at a relatively low level. There is an urgent need to improve awareness of mental illness and mental health literacy among the general public. Future research for improving MHL are required.
Investigations into the origin of Einstein’s Sink
Authors: Pietrow Alexander G.M.
Published: May 2019

Einstein’s sink is a well-known object among physics and astronomy students at Leiden University. Stories about its origin have been passed down since it was moved to the large lecture room of the then newly built Oort Building in 1998. These stories claim that it was seen as an Einstein relic by the physics faculty, kept close to inspire young minds. After researching this story, I found that the sink is from the early 20th century and that it once stood in the large lecture room of the Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory in Leiden. It is likely that at this time it was used by many scientists, including Einstein. However, my research also shows that the move from the KOL was done purely for financial reasons and had nothing to do with Einstein. It is possible that the story was made up to conceal this fact, creating a more appealing reason for these cutbacks. The sink is seen by many as a connection to Einstein’s and the university’s past and is liked for this fact and not the aforementioned legend.
Cyber Notary System in the Order of Norms in Indonesia and Australia (Comparative Study in Notary Service Improvement Strategies)
Authors: Maharani Tanty , Parman Lalu , Hayanul Haq Lalu Muhammad
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the setting of norms about the Cyber ​​Notary system in Indonesia and Australia and to find out the differences and similarities in the Cyber ​​Notary regulatory system in both countries. This study uses a type of normative research; the theories used in this study are the theory of justice, the theory of legal certainty and comparative law theory. The approach method used is the conceptual approach, the legislative approach, and the comparative approach. Analysis of this study, using comparative analysis is to collect material according to the appropriate legal material about the problem being studied, and then compare it.

Based on the results of the study that, the regulation of the norms regarding the Cyber ​​Notary system in Indonesia is in the Law, namely a. Law No. 2 of 2014 concerning changes to Law No. 30 of 2004 concerning Notary Position. b. Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE Law), c. Law No 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies, and for Australian Countries, how many Cyber ​​Notary Arrangements are explained in the 1999 / Electronic Electronic Transaction Act Transactions Act 1999 / ETA (Australia). The difference lies in Indonesia having its own rules in which there is clearly stated authority in carrying out the profession of notaries including in connection with the identification of transactions electronically (Cyber ​​Notary), while Australia does not have its own specific rules that explain explicitly the authority of notaries in serving Cyber ​​systems. Notary, because the service mechanism is part of the form of electronic transactions that are regulated in the 1999 Electronic Transaction Act / Electronic Transaction Act 1999 / ETA. The equation is seen in the Function, the Cyber ​​Notary System is equally a government regulation in the form of public servants quickly, concisely, and has the value of legal protection on all parties. in Indonesia with the Registration of Online Companies, through the Legal Entity Administration System or abbreviated as SABH, and in Australia with the e-apostille system. In terms of its objectives, namely the implementation of the Cyber ​​Notary system in the two countries, which are both aimed at raising the potential of the economy and trade inside and outside the country.
Effect of Specimen Transport Network System in the Turnaround Time on Patients Tuberculosis Genexpert Test Results in the West Region of Cameroon
Authors: Mudih Ngala Solange , Adelaide Bih , Francis Gamo Djouomo
Published: May 2019

Introduction : Specimen transport network system is a major tool in getting quick turnaround time for patient results in general and for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in particular given that TB is an airborne disease and any mismanagement of its specimens, sputum in particular, can lead to generation of aerosols, hence spread and infection of the persons transporting the specimens and the health care personnel receiving the specimens and the delay in the diagnosis leading to more spread of the bacilli and up to the death of the patient. It is therefore of great essence to establish a reliable specimen transport network system which is essential for effective TB patient care, allowing for rapid diagnosis, initiation of treatment and patient follow up in the West Region of Cameroon and Cameroon as a whole. This article is therefore aimed at establishing a better specimen transport network system to better the turn- around time for TB specimens in the West Region of Cameroon.

Method: A descriptive retrospective study by means of secondary data collection was carried from January 2016 to July 2017 on 1,130 specimens requested by clinicians before the GeneXpert instruments were introduced in the West Region of Cameroon and from October 2017 to July 2018 when two GeneXpert instruments were introduced in the West region. Request forms with date of test requested at the health facilities in the West region and results registers in which date results from the Reference Laboratory were communicated to health facility in the West Region, were used as the data sources to calculate the turn- around time (TAT).  TAT was analyzed in hours and converted to days using excel.

Results : Results from this study shows an average decrease in turnaround time of patient’s results from 26 days when the specimens were tested only at the Reference laboratory in Bamenda to 7 days when two GeneXpert instruments were introduced in the West region with a total of 2 platforms where tests could possibly be done.

Conclusion : Re designing a better specimen transport network system and increasing the number of Xpert platforms not only in the West region but in all other regions of Cameroon, will reduce TAT for TB results to only 01 to 02 days, thus increase quality of prevention and treatment programs, thereby reducing costs and live savings of the population.
Violent death in the lives of police officers in Ghana; An evidence-based study
Authors: Bawah Alhassan Salifu , Braimah Awaisu Imurana
Published: May 2019

This article examines the recurrent and widespread spate of civilian attacks on police personnel in Ghana. It is an undeniable fact that police actions and inactions has led to civilian injuries and deaths in Ghana. Extensive media reportage on these incidences of police militarization and brutalities has painted the police service, albeit negatively, as an institution acknowledged for inflicting pain, torture, injury and killing of civilians at the least provocation. This perception has broken down police-community relations, which is one of the core mechanisms in crime detection and prevention in modern policing. Violent attacks on police personnel by a section of the Ghanaian public leading to injuries and in some extreme cases death, appears institutionalized.

As a result, violent attacks on the police is not  perceived as an issue, either because of the quietism of the police administration itself, or it could be that the media perceive these unprovoked attacks on the police, as part of the occupational hazards and/or a fitting retribution for the police. In either way, the lives of police officers matter, just as the lives of the citizens they are mandated by law to protect. This study thematically focused on the changing trend of violent deaths in the lives of police officers killed in the line of duty by civilian assailants or criminal elements within the Ghanaian society. The paper argues that violent deaths and injuries caused to police officers have not been given the needed attention due to the ongoing antagonistic relationship between the police administration and the general Ghanaian public.
O lúdico no ambiente da classe hospitalar: um estudo de revisão
Authors: Rodrigues Júlio César , Simões Regina Maria Rovigati , Prodocimo Elaine
Published: May 2019

Esta é uma revisão integrativa que teve como objetivo verificar o que foi produzido acerca do lúdico no ambiente da classe hospitalar entre o segundo semestre de 2015 e 2017. Foram encontrados 16 estudos nas bases de dados do Google Acadêmico, Scielo e Plataforma Capes. Esses estudos se organizaram em duas categorias: o lúdico como humanização e como processo de aprendizagem no contexto da classe hospitalar. Os achados mostraram que o lúdico pode contribuir no processo de aprendizagem e humanização no contexto da classe hospitalar, apontando as tendências tecnológicas como fator contribuinte para tais processos.
Assistência ao parto sob a ótica de enfermeiras obstétricas
Authors: Peripolli Larissa De Oliveira , Rabelo Marcelexandra , Souza Silvana Regina Rossi Kissula , Wall Marilene Loewen , Trigueiro Tatiane Herreira , Godarth Karin Madeleine
Published: May 2019

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atuação da enfermeira obstétrica em uma maternidade de risco habitual por meio de indicadores de assistência obstétrica, bem como conhecer a visão destas sobre a sua inserção no processo de parto. Trata-se de pesquisa avaliativa, descritiva, de abordagem mista, realizada a partir dos indicadores de assistência referentes ao período de maio de 2014 a dezembro de 2015, e de entrevistas realizadas com cinco enfermeiras obstétricas atuantes na assistência ao parto em maternidade de risco habitual de Curitiba, Paraná. A coleta ocorreu entre agosto e outubro de 2016. Os indicadores foram analisados através de estatística simples e as entrevistas por meio de análise temática. A inserção da enfermeira obstétrica promoveu redução de práticas consideradas prejudiciais na assistência ao parto, gerando impacto positivo na mudança do modelo de atenção da instituição.
Análise da assistência ao trabalho de parto em hospital universitário
Authors: Gontijo Bárbara Dias Rezende , De Freitas Efigênia Aparecida Maciel , Deus Kleber Gontijo de
Published: May 2019

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a assistência prestada às mulheres durante o trabalho de parto, de acordo com os princípios preconizados pelo Programa de Humanização do Pré - Natal e Nascimento. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, exploratório–descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido em um hospital universitário na cidade de Uberlândia, no período de janeiro a março de 2012. Predominaram mulheres com idade entre 21 e 25 anos (30,9%), brancas (57%), escolaridade entre 8 a 11 anos (51,6%), casadas ou amasiadas (58%), do lar (56,5%) e que tiveram a presença do acompanhante (82,1%). Dentre as 207 mulheres, 43,5% eram primigestas, 48,3% nulíparas e 84,5% sem abortos anteriores. Quanto à idade gestacional, 36,6% estavam com 40 semanas de gestação ou mais, sendo que, destas, 67,1% realizaram parto cesáreo e, maior entre aquelas que não foram acompanhadas por partograma. Conclui-se que as gestantes foram submetidas a intervenções medicamentosas desnecessárias e, as taxas de indicação de parto cesáreo foram desfavoráveis com assistência prestada incompatível com os princípios preconizados pelo Programa de Humanização do Pré-Natal e Nascimento.
Uso dos métodos não farmacológicos durante o trabalho de parto: estudo observacional transversal
Authors: Romão Rejane Sousa , Prudêncio Patrícia Santos , Fuzissaki Marceila De Andrade
Published: May 2019

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo descrever a frequência do uso dos métodos não farmacológicos de alivio da dor e suas características. Realizou-se um estudo quantitativo, transversal e descritivo no Alojamento Conjunto do Hospital de Clínicas de Uberlândia, entre janeiro a junho de 2017, com 82 puérperas. Das mulheres pesquisadas 92,7% foram informadas sobre os métodos, sendo os mais utilizados: exercícios respiratórios em 93,9%, banho de chuveiro por 82,9% e a deambulação em 81,7%; 93,3% tiveram a presença de um acompanhante, sendo que 81,7% participaram ativamente dos exercícios. Concluiu-se que nesta instituição a maioria das parturientes foram orientadas e utilizaram algum dos métodos não farmacológicos de alivio da dor.
Como o trabalho precarizado na saúde afeta o modo de nascer: revisão integrativa sobre violência obstétrica
Authors: Faleiros Maria Carolina Pádua Pinto Naques , Oliveira Nayara Hakime Dutra
Published: May 2019

O presente estudo tem por objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura, de artigos publicados na plataforma LILACS, e, baseada no método histórico dialético, estabelecer uma relação entre a precarização das relações trabalhistas na saúde, com os altos índices de violência obstétrica sofrida pelas gestantes nas maternidades brasileiras. Foi feito um levantamento, realizado no período de junho a agosto de 2018, dos artigos publicados com o índice “violência obstétrica” e “trabalho precarizado”, considerando o período de 2013 a 2017. Os resultados consideraram 14 artigos e, apontaram que é possível estabelecer uma relação entre a precarização do trabalho e a prática da violência obstétrica, perpassando pelos campos da categoria trabalho na concepção marxiana, a construção histórica do modelo atual de saúde no Brasil e as formas de apropriação dos profissionais da saúde no trabalho de parto e no corpo da mulher.
Planejamento reprodutivo nas orientações em saúde: revisão integrativa
Authors: Franze Ana Maria Alves Kubernovicz , Benedet Deisi Cristine Forlin , Wall Marilene Loewen , Trigueiro Tatiane Herreira , Souza Silvana Regina Rossi Kissula
Published: May 2019

Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar na literatura nacional as orientações em saúde sobre planejamento reprodutivo. Trata-se de revisão integrativa realizada no mês de abril de 2017 nas bases SCIELO, LILACS e BEDENF e MEDLINE. Incluiram-se artigos originais publicados a partir de 2011, em inglês, espanhol ou português, que contemplassem orientações em saúde sobre planejamento reprodutivo. Foram analisados 10 artigos, que evidenciaram três categorias: “O papel dos profissionais no planejamento reprodutivo”, com enfoque reduzido à contracepção como responsabilidade da mulher; “Educação em saúde desde a escola/adolescência”, direcionada à prevenção de agravos sexualmente transmissíveis e da gravidez precoce; e “Métodos contraceptivos como sinônimo de planejamento reprodutivo”, reduzindo o planejamento reprodutivo à contracepção. Evidencia-se a necessidade de ações educativas, tanto aos profissionais de saúde como usuários dos serviços, que contemplem as necessidades do usuário em sua integralidade, direcionadas à escolha consciente e autônoma quanto ao seu planejamento reprodutivo.
A ANÁLISE DO FÓRUM DE APRESENTAÇÃO COMO GÊNERO DISCURSIVO
Authors: Gimenes Olíria Mendes
Published: May 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a ferramenta fórum – no Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA) Moodle –, como um gênero do discurso na perspectiva do Círculo de Bakhtin, percebendo-o como um espaço de construção de enunciados e de interações. O contexto deste estudo é o Curso de Formação de Tutor para atuar na Educação a Distância, oferecido pelo CEaD/UFU, sendo os dados construídos a partir das interações entre 19 candidatos a tutores, na atividade Fórum de Apresentação do Módulo I. No decorrer das trocas de mensagens, a linguagem se fez presente, cumprindo a sua função social - a comunicação -, e, junto a ela, encontra-se, para além do decodificar, o subtexto, fazendo alguns dos participantes ultrapassarem os limites da conversação, para chegar às vias do afetivo. Conclui-se que a ferramenta fórum é um meio de comunicação com dinâmica e característica própria. Pertence a um determinado tempo histórico e cultural, que a depender de seu objetivo, previsto na atividade elaborada pelo professor conteudista, pode vir a ser um canal de aprendizado por meio de interações dos cursistas mediados pelo tutor.
Palavras-chave: Fórum. Gênero. Círculo de Bakhtin. Formação de Tutores.
FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA NO PNAIC: EVIDÊNCIAS DE PRATICISMO EM DEBATE
Authors: Oliveira Cristiano José , Almeida Luana Costa
Published: May 2019

Parte da pesquisa cujo foco foi investigar a formação continuada no Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa – PNAIC, implantado em 2012 como acordo formal entre os governos federal, estaduais e municipais objetivando a alfabetização de todas as crianças até os oito anos de idade, o presente artigo busca discutir pontos destacados por professores participantes sobre a formação vivenciada. Delimitado na perspectiva qualitativa, a pesquisa se pautou na análise dos documentos oficiais que orientam o PNAIC, no material de apoio utilizado para o processo de formação e em entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com professoras da rede municipal de uma cidade sul mineira que participaram da formação entre os anos de 2013 e 2016. Ainda que a pesquisa tenha evidenciado outras questões, objetivamos neste artigo discutir a forte marca de praticismo observada na fala dos entrevistados, evidenciando que, no processo de formação, e diferente do que anuncia a proposta oficial, a prática foi priorizada em detrimento da teoria, privilegiando atividades voltadas ao “como fazer” e ao estudo de exemplos em prejuízo da possibilidade de momentos de reflexão que permitissem tanto a ampliação de conhecimentos por parte dos professores, quanto o revisitar da própria prática a partir do debate de concepções.
Palavras-chave: Formação Continuada. Praticismo. PNAIC.
PROGRAMA ENSINO INTEGRAL PAULISTA: A ORGANIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO DOCENTE
Authors: Arraes Lopes Maria Fernanda , Borghi Raquel Fontes
Published: May 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar e analisar a organização do trabalho docente no Programa Ensino Integral da SEE/SP. O estudo é parte de pesquisa de doutorado em andamento. O Programa foi iniciado em 2012 e para sua operacionalização, no que se refere ao trabalho docente, foi criado o Regime de Dedicação Plena e Integral – RDPI e o processo seletivo de credenciamento de profissionais da educação. Neste texto, como base na análise documental, são apresentados o Programa Ensino Integral, a organização do trabalho docente, bem como resultados parciais da análise acerca do trabalho docente. Os resultados iniciais indicam uma flexibilização e intensificação do trabalho docente no âmbito deste Programa.
Palavras-chave: Programa de Ensino Integral Paulista. Trabalho Docente. Credenciamento.