bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MENGENAL DEPRESI MENTAL, RESIKO YANG DITIMBULKAN DAN CARA PENANNGULANNYA
Authors: Syarif Dulhadi
Published: April 2019

Setiap orang memiliki resiko terkena depsresi. Sebagai salah satu gangguan mental, depresi dapat menyerang siapa saja, kapan saja dan dimana saja. Depresi muncul umumnya ketika sang korban tengah berada dalam kegaulauan. Kian sering seseroang mengalami kegalauan, kian besar pula peluang yang bersangkutan terkena depresi. Jika tidak segera diatasi dan diantisipasi, gangguan ini akan semakin menakan korbannya hingga pada tingkatan yang membahayakan, yaitu psikosis; sebuah penyakit mental yang tergolong berat. Oleh karena itu, mengenal depresi berikut gejala dan resiko yang ditimbulkan serta upaya menanggulanginya menjadi sangat penting.
KONTROVERSI MISS WORLD 2013 DI MEDIA
Authors: Rulli Nasrullah Yudin Taqyudin dan Dan
Published: April 2019

Berita tidak sekadar merupakan realitas dari peristiwa yang ada di lapangan dan dilaporkan oleh wartawan dan media. Dalam pandangan teori framing dijelaskan bahwa apa yang disajikan di media massa telah melalui proses seleksi terhadap data serta fakta yang dilakukan sesuai dengan ideologi media tersebut. Kontrovesi penyelenggaraan Miss World 2013 yang diberitakan oleh Republika merupakan objek penelitian dalam tulisan ini yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan perangkat framing dari Zhongdang Pan dan Gerald M. Kosicki. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa teks berita bisa menunjukkan ideologi apa yang ada di media tersebut.
MILLAH IBRAHIM (Landasan Pembentukan Karakter Umat)
Authors: Sanusi Ja`far
Published: April 2019

Millah adalah kewajiban-kewajiban hidup yang harus dilaksanakan demi tegaknya aturan-aturan dan demi ketertiban masyarakat. Milllah Ibrahim adalah tuntunan hidup yang diajarkan oleh Nabi Ibrahim Alaihissalam, yang merupakan pedoman hidup bagi manusia pada saat itu. Millah Ibrahim ini terus dilanjutkan sebagai ajaran yang turun temurun dan disempurnakan pada rasul berikutnya sampai kepada nabi rasul terakhir Muhammad SAW. Millah adalah keparcayaan, komunitas spiritual, agama. Dalam bahasa Turki Usmani kata millah dijadikan sebutan untuk seluruh agama yang berkembang di wilayah imperium Turki.
KONFLIK DAN MEDIA (MENUJU PEACE-ORIENTED JOURNALISM)
Authors: Hendry Eka
Published: April 2019

Media adalah tetap merupakan sebuah instrument positif dalam artian kegunaannya akan sangat tergantung kepada man behind the gun dari media tersebut. Apalagi media, ia tidak dapat memisahkan dirinya dari dinamika politik dan ekonomi yang sedang berkembang. Media harus memainkan peran pendidikan, dengan memberikan suara kepada semua pihak, sehingga opini masing-masing pihak yang berkonflik tersampaikan kepada yang lain, sehingga stereotype yang ada dapat dicairkan, dan ada evaluasi dan klarifikasi terhadap persepsi yang telah terbangun dari awal. Jadi ada proses reframing tentang isu dan perdebatan, sehingga ini nantinya dapat membantu pihak-pihak yang berkonflik untuk mengidentikasi kesamaan problem yang menyebabkan konflik.
PERANAN KONSELOR DALAM MENANGANI ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS
Authors: Dulhadi H
Published: April 2019

Disadari bahwa tidak semua anak yang lahir ke dunia ini berada dalam kondisi sebagaimana yang diharapkan. Sebagian dari mereka ada yang lahir tidak normal. Sekalipun lahir dalam keadaan normal, namun dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya ada di antara mereka yang mengalami hambatan, gangguan, dan kelambatan. Bagi anak yang mengalami hal-hal seperti ini tentu perkembangannya tidak akan optimal. Oleh karena itu, anak yang seperti ini memerlukan penanganan dan perlakukan khusus. Anak-anak seperti inilah yang kemudian dikenal sebagai Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus. Sebagai manusia juga, anak berkebutuhan khusus harus ditangani secara intens dan serius. Konselor sebagai pihak yang mengenal dan memahami mereka diharapkan dapat berperan aktif dalam memberikan layanan kuratifnya.
RADIO KOMUNITAS: MEDIA RAKYAT BERBASIS PEMBERDAYAAN
Authors: Selamat Juniawati
Published: April 2019

Kehadiran radio mampu membantu pemerintah dan masyarakat lebih berdaya dan maju dalam segala aspek kehidupan. Tidak hanya itu, radio sudah menjadi industri yang mampu menopang pendapatan negara. Peran lain yang tidak pernah luput diberikan oleh radio adalah radio telah mampu membangun kualitas pembangunan manusia baik dari aspek informasi dan pendidikan, kesehatan maupun dari asepk hiburan. Radio komunitas berjalan mengikuti keterbatasan yang dimiliki masyarakat, adapaun tuntunan atau aturan yang disebut di atas dikemudian hari baru disentuh atau diperhatikan, itupun boleh jadi dikarenakan ada pihak luar yang membantu. penyiaran radio yang paling sederhana telah hadir di negeri ini dan telah mampu menjelaskan kepada dunia bahwa radio komunitas bukan sekadar siaran biasa. Tapi bisa mewarnai kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara di Indonesia. Kehadiran radio Komunitas yang jauh dari kota mapun hiruk-pikuk dunia luar, tertnyata telah menjadi sorotan yang besar dari pemerintah.
KOMPETENSI KEILMUAN DAN BIDANG PEKERJAAN ALUMNI PERGURUAN TINGGI (Studi Pada Profil Alumni Jurusan KPI Fakultas Dakwah Dan Ilmu Komunikasi)
Authors: Masran H
Published: April 2019

Profil Alumni suatu pendidikan tinggi terlihat dari kiprah dan kinerjanya di masyarakat. Jurusan/Program studi yang dipilih mahasiswa memiliki relevansi yang sangat penting dengan bidang pekerjaan yang akan dijalaninya setelah lulus menjadi alumni. Demikian pula dengan alumni Jurusan KPI Fakultas Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunikasi UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Tahun Lulus 2007 – 2010. Bagaimana bidang pekerjaan dan kiprah mereka setelah lulus? Apakah bidang pekerjaan mereka relevan dengan kompetensi keilmuan yang dimilikinya atau tidak? Itulah yang akan dicari jawabannya melalui tulisan ini. Sebagai sebuah hasil penelitian, tulisan ini membandingkan profil alumni pada dua periode kelulusan, lulusan tahun 2002 – 2006 dan lulusan tahun 2007 – 2010. Perbandingan ini dilakukan karena kedua periode kelulusan tersebut menerapkan kurikulum yang berbeda, yaitu Kurikulum Berbasis Isi (KBI) untuk periode pertama dan Kurikulum Berbasis Kompetensi (KBK) untuk periode yang kedua. Dari hasil perbandingan ini diperoleh kesimpulan, bahwa sebagian besar alumni jurusan KPI lulusan tahun 2007 – 2010 memiliki pekerjaan utama pada bidang administrasi umum dan sebagian besar juga tidak memiliki pekerjaan tambahan. Dibandingkan dengan hasil penelitian sebelumnya, pada pekerjaan utama telah terjadi peningkatan persentase alumni yang bekerja pada bidang admnistrasi umum dan penurunan persentase yang bekerja pada bidang pendidikan (mengajar). Sedangkan pada bidang pekerjaan tambahan, terjadi peningkatan persentase alumni yang tidak memiliki pekerjaan tambahan, dan penurunan persentase yang bekerja sebagai penceramah.
INTERAKSI SOSIAL DALAM KEHIDUPAN PENDIDIKAN DAN KEMASYARAKATAN DITINJAU DARI TEORI INTERAKSIONISME SIMBOLIK
Authors: Udin Baharuddin
Published: April 2019

Interaksi sosial secara global memberikan gambaran bahwa dalam dunia pendidikan maupun masyarakat luas diperlukan pemahaman yang baik dalam pencapaian kehidupan serta kebaikan bersama.Secara global interkasi yang terbangun dalam dunia pendidikan baik itu guru maupun murid harus serasi sesuai tujuan dari pendidikan tersebut.Pendidikan merupakan upaya pencerdasan masyarakat serta anak bangsa, kedepannya dalam pendidikan ditanamakan aspek yang berkaitan dengan ilmu yang mempelajari makna hubungan antara manusia satu dengan yang lainnya tidak melihat pada perbedaan tetapi mengedepankan persamaan.Metode serta strategi harus tepat digunakan dalam memberikan arahan pada peserta didik.Dalam hubungan masyarakat luas banyak hal-hal yang tidak jelas diungkapkan secara kata-kata (lisan) berangkat dari hal tersebut teori interaksionisme simbolik yang ada harus dipahami sehingga tidak terjadi salah komunikasi atau interaksi terbangun berjalan kurang baik.Simbol-simbol dari kehidupan harus dijabarkan secara baik sehingga terlihat secara utuh sehingga terbangunlah hubungan yang harmonis dengan sesama manusia.
PERKEMBANGAN NILAI, MORAL DAN SIKAP REMAJA
Authors: . Zuldafrial
Published: April 2019

Perkembanagan intelektual dalam kehidupan seseorang anak remaja harus diimbangi dengan nilai, moral serta akhlak yang baik. Anak yang tidak memiliki hubungan harmonis dengan orang tuanya di masa kecil kemungkinan besar tidak akan mampu mengembangkan superego yang cukup kuat, sehingga mereka bisa menjadi orang yang sering melanggar norma sosial. Kemandirian serta kematangan moral selalu mengedepankan dalam setiap tingkah laku dalam setiap kehidupan. Kemampuan yang ada dalam hidup seseorang anak menjadikan diri bisa memiliki akhlak serta sikap secara baik kedepannya.
STRATEGI PUBLIC RELATIONS DALAM MEMBANGUN HUBUNGAN DENGAN MEDIA
Authors: Hafizah Evi
Published: April 2019

Membangun hubungan dengan media merupakan hal yang sangat penting bagi praktisi public relations. Keberhasilannya dalam melakukan tugas ke-PR-an dalam rangka menjangkau perhatian khalayak, sangat ditentukan oleh pemahamannya tentang strategi membangun hubungan dengan media serta kepandaian dan taktik praktisi public relations dalam membangun hubungan dengan media. Hubungan baik dengan media massa ini dibangun dengan menggunakan strategi komunikasi yang tepat, yaitu cara yang dilakukan demi kelancaran komunikasi antara public relations dengan media massa. Hubungan baik yang dimaksud disini adalah hubungan baik dengan institusi media dan antara public relations dengan wartawan. Hubungan yang baik dengan media massa menjadi satu hal yang sangat penting bagi seorang public relations. Seperti tentara yang akan maju untuk berperang, dia membutuhkan pengertian dan penguasaan tentang strategi perang. Begitu juga dengan praktisi public relations, untuk keberhasilan publisitas, juga membutuhkan pengertian dan penguasaan tentang strategi membangun hubungan dengan media.
PROGRAM BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEPERCAYAAN DIRI SISWA
Authors: . Patriana
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini secara umum bertujuan untuk merumuskan program bimbingan dan konseling untuk meningkatkan rasa percaya diri siswa, Secara khusus tujuan dari penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan gambaran umum dan aspek rasa percaya diri dan menyusun rancangan program bimbingan dan konseling untuk meningkatkan rasa percaya diri pada siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Deskriptif adalah metode penelitian dengan cara mengemukakan fakta-fakta yang ditemukan dari lapangan secara apa adanya pada saat penelitian berlangsung. Hasil penyebaran skala psikologis pada siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 17 Pontianak pada gambaran umum rasa percaya diri siswatergolong “tinggi”. Disarankan kepada guru pembimbing didalam Penyusunan program hendaknya melakukan analisis kebutuhan terlebih dahulu supaya menghasilkan program yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa dan Penyusunan program layanan bimbingan hendaknya dirumuskan secara khusus dan sesuai dengan kurikulum yang ada di sekolah.
TREND PERAYAAN TAHUN BARU DI KOTA PONTIANAK: PERSPEKTIF KEGELISAHAN SEORANG REMAJA MUSLIMAH
Authors: Septi Dwitasari Ridwan Rosdiawan Dan
Published: April 2019

Konflik batin pada tiap individu kerap terjadi diantaranya disebabkan oleh ketidaksesuaian antara informasi konsepsional yang bersifat teoritis atau bahkan ideologis dengan realitas yang ditemui. Idealisme dogma atau jargon yang telah terinternalisasi ternyata tidak terpraktikkan secara empirik. Tulisan ini adalah konstruksi ulang dari tugas observasi mahasiswa terhadap tradisi religious di lingkungan sekitar yang mencerminkan dilemma konsepsional di benak seorang remaja Muslimah dalam menyikapi Perayaan tahun baru Masehi yang dirayakan oleh masyarakat Kota Pontianak yang populasi Muslimnya tergolong mayoritas.
THE DEATH TRADITION OF MALAY COMMUNITIES OF SUNGAI RAYA DALAM VILAGE, WEST KALIMANTAN
Authors: Mahdi Mahdi
Published: April 2019

Islam and culture cannot be separated since there are already Shari'a provisions about certain thing. However, when the Shari'a is practiced, it needs human interpretatation to understand. So, it will show one form of culture. This paper describes the form of the Malay community tradition in West Kalimantan in welcoming death. In Islam, if someone dies, there is an obligation for the living person to bathe, forgive, overtake and bury. In addition to these provisions, in practice, in the midst of the Islamic community, Malays in Sungai Raya Dalam, there is a tradition of mourning, handling bodies, until tahlilan after the body is buried. This tradition shows how the local culture relates to Islam. At the same time, showing Islam and local culture complement each other in the space of life of the Malay community.
EDUCATIONAL VALUES IN SAPRAHAN TRADITION IN THE MALAY COMMUNITY OF SAMBAS DISTRICT
Authors: Ramadhan Dendy
Published: April 2019

This article discusses the local wisdom of the Malay culture of Sambas Regency that is the Saprahan tradition. The saprahan tradition is derived from Sambas Malay culture’s, the core activity of it is eating together which is done at big events such as marriage, salvation, and so on. In eating together, each group consists of 1 to 6 people in one saprahan, then a tarup is made. Tarup is a place that is used at important events filled with illegal activities for men and eating saprahan. This tradition contains values that are in line with the value of Islamic education. The community is taught the value of togetherness, good relations, removing ego, willingness to share, friendliness, ethics, and self-esteem.
FORMS AND MEANINGS OF TRADITIONAL FOODS IN TANJUNG VILLAGE COMMUNITY, MEMPAWAH, WEST KALIMANTAN
Authors: Aditya Farninda
Published: April 2019

Traditional culinary is a legacy of regional wealth. From its creation it is taught from generation to generation. From the mention of its name, the name traditional food is a local language that preserves traditional languages. Traditional culinary is also closely related to tradition and special day. Traditional food has certain functions and meanings from that special day. The village of Tanjung Mempawah is a Coastal Village in Mempawah Hilir District. This village has a variety of traditional foods that are still entrenched. These foods are also served on certain days. The language used by the people of Tanjung Village is Malay. This study discusses the Forms and Meanings of Traditional Foods in Kampung Tanjung Mempawah Community
COMUNICAÇÃO INTERNA NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES PÚBLICAS: UMA ANÁLISE ACERCA DO PROCESSO COMUNICACIONAL DA SECRETARIA MUNICIPAL DE EDUCAÇÃO DE PICOS
Authors: Martins Catiana Gonçalves , Walter Cícero Eduardo
Published: April 2019

Cada vez mais as organizações reconhecem que a comunicação interna e o engajamento dos colaboradores são requisitos fundamentais para o bom desempenho organizacional. A comunicação interna tornou-se essencial para as melhores práticas de desenvolvimento e organização das instituições. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar a importância da comunicação interna nas instituições públicas, em especial, na Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Picos, apontando que, uma comunicação que se desenvolve com fluidez facilita o andamento e o progresso de qualquer processo empregado nesse ambiente. Os dados foram coletados por meio da aplicação de uma entrevista estruturada à gestora da Secretaria, bem como por meio do levantamento e análise dos principais instrumentos utilizados no processo de comunicação da secretaria. Os resultados apontam que o departamento em estudo não possui um padrão exclusivo para a transmissão de informações e comunicados e que o fluxo de informações e a comunicação, dentro da Secretaria, transcorrem de forma eficiente, sem maiores desvios ou transtornos em seu curso, porém, a despadronização pode gerar diversas interpretações dos receptores não atendendo o objetivo principal da comunicação.
The Effect of Different Concentrations of Caffeine, Pentoxifylline and 2’-Deoxyadenosine on the Biological Properties of Frozen-Thawed Canine Semen
Authors: Lecewicz Marek , Strzeżek Rafał , Majewska Anna M. , Purpurowicz Piotr S. , Kordan Władysław
Published: April 2019

Artificial insemination (AI) and semen cryopreservation are the most accessible and commonly used techniques for breeding domestic animals. Among many parameters, such as plasma membrane integrity and acrosome structure, one of the key factors that determine the quality of frozen-thawed samples for artificial insemination is sperm motility. Sperm motility is one of the key parameters that determine the quality of frozen-thawed samples for AI. The total number of progressively motile spermatozoa in thawed canine semen is correlated with fertility. A variety of substances were used to compare sperm motility with the control. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of semen extender supplementation with motility stimulants, pentoxifylline (PTX), caffeine (CAF) and 2’-deoxyadenosine (DX), after different post-thaw incubation times (30, 60, 120 min) on the motility, selected kinematic parameters, plasma membrane integrity and mitochondrial membrane potential of cryopreserved canine spermatozoa. During attempts to improve the quality of cryopreserved semen, the applied substances exerted beneficial effects at a concentration of 10 mM. We demonstrated that both phosphodiesterase inhibitors, caffeine and pentoxifylline, as well as 2’-deoxyadenosine increased the motility and selected kinematic parameters of thawed canine spermatozoa.
Influence of Cissus populnea stem extract on kinetics and thermodynamics of mild steel corrosion in acidic medium
Authors: Chahul Habibat F. , Orhemba David T. , Gbadamosi Taiwo A.
Published: April 2019

The inhibition of mild steel corrosion in 1.0 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4 by Cissus populnea stem extract was investigated using weight loss measurements in the temperature range of 303 – 333 K. Results from the study revealed that Cissus populnea stem extract inhibited the corrosion of mild steel in both acid media. Inhibition efficiency of the stem extract increased with increase in the extract concentration but decreased with immersion time. The kinetics of the reaction aligned with a first order type. Thermodynamics investigations showed that Cissus populnea extract is adsorbed on the steel surface through physical interactions, and the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models best described the adsorption mechanism of the stem extract on the steel surface.
Prevalence of infections with Clostridium difficile on potential pathology groups
Authors: Tache Traian , Chirică Răzvan , Radu Marius-Daniel , Gegiu Gabriela , Rugină Sorin
Published: April 2019

Enterotoxins produced by Clostridium difficile cause a series of biochemical and immunological manifestations in the cascade leading to alteration of the enterocitus cytoskeleton, intestinal inflammation and diarrhea that can greatly impair the patient’s biological status. The genome of the Clostridium difficile bacterium shows a series of evolutionary adaptations that can give it a high degree of resistance or adaptability to many known pharmacological classes. Changing the diversity of intestinal microbiota induced by the use of antibiotics creates a favorable environment from all points of view for Clostridium difficile spore activity. The theme addresses in an original way but related to the epidemiological studies presented in the literature a correlative aspect between the pathological group and the infection with Clostridium difficile. From the data presented, there is a direct correlation between Clostridium difficile infection and the use of antibiotic therapy as a curative or preventive treatment. Gastrointestinal and neurological pathologies, due to the use of curative but also preventive antibiotic therapy, are at increased risk for the installation of Clostridium difficile infection. The study presented may be a first step in raising awareness of the rational use of antibiotics and avoiding non-assisted community antibiotic therapy.
Batch washing of lead contaminated and spiked soils using extracts of dried Terminalia mantaly, Panicum maximum and Eleusine indica plants
Authors: Etim Effiong Ukorebi
Published: April 2019

Application of dried plant water soluble extracts in soil Pb decontamination is rear, but advantageous due to their ecological biodegradability. Single batch laboratory scale suitability of Terminalia mantaly, Panicum maximum, Eleusine indica and water as washing solutions for Pb removal from contaminated and spiked soils at different soil pulp densities (3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15% and 18%) and washing time (1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 96 h) was investigated. Washings of Terminalia mantaly and Panicum maximum proved more efficient comparatively for contaminated soil with Pb removal efficiency of 27.2±0.64% and 27.0±0.52% respectively at 3% soil pulp density and washing time of 96 h. Removal efficiency increased with increasing washing time but decreased with increasing of soil pulp density. Furthermore, water was found effective for removing Pb from spiked soils with maximum removal efficiency of 74.5±3.38% at 3% soil pulp density after 1 h washing. High exchangeable fraction of Pb (81.2%) in spiked soil makes water more suitable against other washing solutions. Statistical t-testing showed significant difference in Pb removal efficiency between contaminated and spiked soils for all four washing solutions, reflecting differences in geochemical phases of Pb in both soils. Terminalia mantaly and Panicum maximum showed promising result in soil washing and have potential for application in Pb removal from contaminated soils. However, chemical modifications are needed to enhance and improve on their efficiencies. Similarly, more information is needed to predict and model removal efficiencies when multiple washing steps are applied.
Gene selection ensembles and classifier ensembles for medical diagnosis
Authors: Ćwiklińska-Jurkowska Małgorzata
Published: April 2019

The usefulness of combining methods is examined using the example of microarray cancer data sets, where expression levels of huge numbers of genes are reported. Problems of discrimination into two groups are examined on three data sets relating to the expression of huge numbers of genes. For the three examined microarray data sets, the cross-validation errors evaluated on the remaining half of the whole data set, not used earlier for the selection of genes, were used as measures of classifier performance. Common single procedures for the selection of genes—Prediction Analysis of Microarrays (PAM) and Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM)—were compared with the fusion of eight selection procedures, or of a smaller subset of five of them, excluding SAM or PAM. Merging five or eight selection methods gave similar results. Based on the misclassification rates for the three examined microarray data sets, for any examined ensemble of classifiers, the combining of gene selection methods was not superior to single PAM or SAM selection for two of the examined data sets. Additionally, the procedure of heterogeneous combining of five base classifiers—k-nearest neighbors, SVM linear and SVM radial with parameter c=1, shrunken centroids regularized classifier (SCRDA) and nearest mean classifier—proved to significantly outperform resampling classifiers such as bagging decision trees. Heterogeneously combined classifiers also outperformed double bagging for some ranges of gene numbers and data sets, but merging is generally not superior to random forests. The preliminary step of combining gene rankings was generally not essential for the performance for either heterogeneously or homogeneously combined classifiers.
A cytogenetic and pollen study of annual Medicago species from Soummam Valley (Northeastern of Algeria)
Authors: Djafri-Bouallag Linda , Ourari Malika , Sahnoune Mohamed
Published: April 2019

This paper reports a cytogenetic study of eight Medicago L. species sampled from the Soummam Valley (northeastern Algeria). Chromosome numbers and meiosis irregularities during microsporogenesis were explored. Pollen viability rate and pollen size were also examined. The studied taxa are diploid and display biva-lent pairing and regular chromosome segregation during meiosis. Although meiosis appears regular, some anomalies were detected in relatively high cumulated rates (14.66%–26.14%). The most common meiotic abnormality examined here is related to cytomixis (from 14.66% in M. littoralis to 25.83% in M. laciniata). Other anomalies were also detected, including chromatic bridges, asynchronous divisions, micronuclei and multipolar cells. Consequently, the species exhibited varying percentages of pollen viability (from 70.11% in M. laciniata to 99.14% in M. littoralis). Pollen viability was negatively correlated with meiotic abnormalities (Pearson correlation coefficient R = −0.72, p = 0.043). The pollen grains were also heterogeneous in size. Medicago truncatula Gaertn. and M. laciniata (L.) Miller presented the most variable pollen size (relative standard deviation exceeding 19%). Medicago littoralis is distinguished from other species by possessing homogeneous and large sized pollen (relative standard deviation RSD = 6.73 %). The cytogenetic and pollen data provided by this study are discussed in the context of species systematics and in the perspective of genetic improvement.
Exergetic Diagnostics of A Gas-And-Steam Power Plant
Authors: Stanek Wojciech , Simla Tomasz
Published: April 2019

Evaluation of thermodynamic efficiency of a power plant is usually performed using the method of so-called thermal diagnostics, based on energy balancing. Energetic analysis is however suitable only for a quantitative assessment and for comparing similar technologies. In order to properly assess the origins of energy losses in the given system, an exergetic analysis has to be applied. The paper describes the rules of exergetic diagnostics, which greatly extends the potential of classic thermal diagnostics. A calculation example of a combined cycle power plant is included. The example demonstrates the potential of exergetic diagnostics for locating exergy losses and explains the reasons for increased consumption of fuels by comparing two working conditions of the system: reference and operational.
Uncertainties of Estimating a Town’s Carbon Footprint– Case Study El Gouna, Egypt
Authors: Banhardt Christoph , Hartenstein Felix
Published: April 2019

Carbon accounting has become a valuable tool for expressing the fossil energy demand of products, organizational entities, or entire countries. About a decade ago, cities also began accounting their carbon emissions. The first major city to do so was London in 2009, stating a carbon footprint of 4.84 tCO2eq/(year*capita) for 2008. Nowadays, multiple rankings compare the carbon emissions of cities. For example, the Urban Land Magazine lists São Paulo as the city with the world’s lowest carbon emissions (1.4 CO2eq/(year*capita)). Such listings typically present the depicted emission values as scientifically indisputable numbers. However, a closer look at the applied methodology frequently reveals a wide range of implicit, often undisclosed assumptions at the foundation of the calculations. This paper analyses the uncertainties of carbon accounting on the city scale, using the example of the Red Sea resort town of El Gouna. The estimated value of El Gouna’s carbon footprint for the year 2014 is 14.3 tCO2eq/(year*capita). Third Scope emissions constitute the majority of El Gouna’s carbon footprint. Varying their underlying assumptions only slightly can lead to alterations of the results of more than 50%, questioning the robustness of the findings. To increase the robustness and the comparability of carbon accounting across cities, this paper suggests emphasizing Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions, while limiting the role of Scope 3 emissions.
Training Transfer: a Moderator of Entrepreneurial Performance Determinants
Authors: Genty Kabiru Ishola
Published: April 2019

The present study examines the moderating effect of training transfer on the determinants of entrepreneurial performance among owners of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study adopts a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional descriptive survey while Cochran (1977) formula for sample size determination is used to calculate the sample size. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approach and Multi-Group Analysis are applied to test the stated research hypothesis. Prior to full use of the model, the researcher ensures that the model meets the acceptable goodness-of-fit indices: X
2 (CMIN) = 387.238 (DF = 196), Relative X
2 (CMIN/DF) = 1.976, AGFI = 0.870, GFI = 0.899, CFI = 0.939, IFI = 0.939, TLI = 0.928 and RMSEA = 0.056. The structural model has revealed that the relationship between personal qualities, business competences, and environmental factors are moderated by training transfer in the study with measurement residual X
2 greater than unconstrained X
2 based on model comparison output ΔX
2 (CMIN) = 140.931; Δdf = 57; p = 0.000. Therefore, there is presence of moderation effect of training transfer on the determinants of entrepreneurial performance in the overall model.
The Leader Approach Across The European Union: One Method of Rural Development, Many Forms of Implementation
Authors: Konečný Ondřej
Published: April 2019

After the accession of the ten new member states to the EU in 2004 and the following membership of Bulgaria and Romania in 2007, the (neo)endogenous development method LEADER has become pan-European. LEADER was implemented in all EU countries in the period 2007–2013, however, its application and potential to impact rural areas differed from country to country. Therefore, the aim of the article is to describe these differences on the basis of support outputs of LEADER under Axis 4 of the Rural Development Programs in 2007–2013. Respecting different path dependencies of the EU states, the article demonstrates the differences in the implementation of this method in two basic territorial units of the EU member states according to the length of the EU membership, as well as the length of experience in implementation of the LEADER method. The scope of LEADER implementation and the potential impact significantly differed between the old and new member states, and the internal heterogeneity of groups is also evident. On the one hand, lack of embeddedness of the method is manifested among the EU12 states (the need for dynamic growth of institutional capacity), on the other hand, socio-economic and political factors modify scope, potential impact and way of implementation of the method in individual countries.
Small Towns and Rural Areas – as A Prospective Place of Modern Retail Trade Formats in Poland
Authors: Twardzik Małgorzata , Heffner Krystian
Published: April 2019

Retail trade and services are becoming the most dynamically developing sector of non-agricultural activity in Polish rural areas. State-owned and cooperative stores have been closed down and they were replaced mostly by private stores. There are more and more commercial outlets of various formats, including supermarket chains, discount stores and integrated chains. Despite growing number of modern retail trade formats, traditional small-format, often referred to as local market is also really important. New trading posts in small towns and rural areas are mainly located in the zones of influence of larger cities. They affect many changes of spatial, social and economic character. Small towns and rural areas surrounding them more and more frequently start to compete for further retail trade investments while noticing lots of benefits and costs of this process. The aim of the article is to show the scale of new retail investment in small towns and rural areas in Poland. Research devoted to this field is important from the point of view of choosing the location of new investments related to discount chains and of the strategy for the development of small towns and rural areas. Identification of consequences of the operation of discount chains in chosen rural areas and in small towns can impact the verification of the policy adopted by local authorities in relation to spatial planning and forming the functional structure.
Servitization as A Tool to Increase Vitality of Ageing Rural Community
Authors: Vidickiene Dalia , Gedminaite-Raudone Zivile
Published: April 2019

Recently, the EU policy measures have been widely applied to encourage early retirement from farming. Current age structure of society requires opposite approach. Key challenges for rural development policy aiming to increase quality of life of elder people are dealing not only with traditional help and support measures, but also with the involvement of elder generation into economic and social life. New EU agricultural policy measures should ensure that funding and institutional incentives support extending working and active social life of elder farmers. One of the possible ways to change the approach deals with servitization. However, despite implementation of service-driven business model in agriculture, which opened new possibilities to use knowledge and experience of old generation, the servitization movement is still weak in agriculture. Restricted adoption of service-driven business models in agriculture largely depends on the lack of research on this topic and guidelines for practitioners. The aim of this paper is to conceptualize the organizational model aiming to implement product-service system in agricultural business by joint efforts of elder farmers and beginning gardeners. Case study on innovative servitization initiative “Rent a piece of garden” in rural areas of Lithuania is used as an illustration of innovative business model in agriculture and territorial servitization with multifaceted impact on vitality of ageing rural community and as a source to gain new knowledge on how to organize similar projects.
Residents’ Perceptions of Tourism Impact on Community in National Parks in Serbia
Authors: Brankov Jovana , Glavonjić Tamara Jojić , Pešić Ana Milanović , Petrović Marko D. , Tretiakova Tatiana N.
Published: April 2019

The research involved a comparison of two case studies dealing with the perceptions of the local population to tourism. The effects and the control of tourism development were analyzed, as well as the availability of information on sustainable tourism and impact on the community in two national parks (NPs) in Serbia. The survey method was applied on a sample of 227 (NP Đerdap) and 210 (NP Tara) respondents. The survey results identified the strong positive perception of the presence of tourists among the two categories of respondents and also certain differences regarding economic benefits of tourism. Research also recognized a poor impact of tourism on the local community in terms of their knowledge and personal involvement. Education and employment in tourism industry were found to be strong factors affecting the residents’ perceptions. Some independent variables significantly predicted the level of local population’s support for tourism in both national parks (tourism impact on job creation, tourism impact on fostering a local culture, etc.). This comparative analysis provides inputs for directing future tourism programmes and devising a development policies adjusted to the needs of the local community.
Revisiting the Age of Jurassic Coral Bioherms in the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Western Carpathians) on the Basis of Benthic Foraminifers
Authors: Ivanova Daria K. , Schlögl Ján , Tomašových Adam , Lathuilière Bernard , Golej Marián
Published: April 2019

Coral bioherms of the Vršatec Limestone that formed massive, several tens of meters thick complexes during the Jurassic were important sources of carbonate production, with carbonate sediment exported to deeper parts of the Pieniny Klippen Basin (Western Carpathians). However, the age of these carbonate factories remains controversial. New analyses of benthic foraminiferal assemblages occurring in coral bioherms and peri-biohermal deposits of the Vršatec Limestone at five sites in the western Pieniny Klippen Belt (Vršatec-Castle, Vršatec-Javorníky, Malé Hradište, Malé Hradište-Kalvária, and Drieňová Hora) show that these sediments were deposited during the Bajocian and were lateral equivalents of crinoidal limestones and breccias, in contrast to previous studies suggesting that they were deposited during the Oxfordian. First, all sites are characterized by similar composition of foraminiferal assemblages on the basis of presence–absence data, although foraminiferal assemblages in biosparitic facies at Vršatec are dominated by miliolids whereas biomicritic facies at Malé Hradište are dominated by the spirillinid Paalzowella. The composition of foraminiferal assemblages does not differ between the lower and upper parts of the Vršatec Limestone. Second, foraminifer species that were assumed to appear for the first time in the Oxfordian already occur in the Middle Jurassic sediments of the northern Tethyan shelf. Third, the first and last appearances of foraminifers documented in other Tethyan regions are in accordance with stratigraphic analyses and ammonoid occurrences, demonstrating that bioherm-forming coral communities developed on the Czorzstyn Ridge during the Bajocian. Several species of foraminifers of the Vršatec Limestone appeared for the first time during the middle or late Aalenian (Labalina occulta, Paalzowella feifeli) and during the Bajocian (Hungarillina lokutiense, Radiospirillina umbonata, Ophthalmidium caucasicum, O. terquemi, O. obscurum, Paalzowella turbinella, Cornuspira tubicomprimata, Nubecularia reicheli) or appeared for the last time in the Bajocian (Tethysiella pilleri) or Early Bathonian (Ophthalmidium caucasicum, O. obscurum). The composition and diversity of communities with benthic foraminifers of the Vršatec Limestone is similar to the composition of foraminiferal communities on carbonate platform environments with corals of the French Jura and Burgundy during the Bajocian.
Sedimentological Characteristics And Paleoenvironmental Implication Of Triassic Vertebrate Localities In Villány (Villány Hills, Southern Hungary)
Authors: Botfalvai Gábor , Győri Orsolya , Pozsgai Emília , Farkas Izabella M. , Sági Tamás , Szabó Márton , ősI Attila
Published: April 2019

There are two Triassic vertebrate sites in Villány Hills (Southern Hungary), where productive and continuous excavations have been carried out in the last six years resulting in a rich and diversified assemblage of shallow marine to coastal animals. The studied formations belong to the Villány–Bihor Unit of the Tisza Megaunit, which was located at the passive margin of the European Plate during the Triassic. The relatively diverse vertebrate assemblage was collected from a Road-cut on Templom Hill and a newly discovered site at a construction zone located on the Somssich Hill. Four main lithofacies were identified and interpreted in the newly discovered Construction vertebrate site consisting of dolomite (deposited in a shallow, restricted lagoon environment), dolomarl (shallow marine sediments with enhanced terrigenous input), reddish silty claystone (paleosol) and sandstone (terrigenous provenance) indicating that the sediments of the Construction vertebrate site were formed in a subtidal to peritidal zone of the inner ramp environment, where the main controlling factor of the alternating sedimentation was the climate change. However, the recurring paleosol formation in the middle part of the section also indicates a rapid sea-level fall when the marine sediments were repeatedly exposed to subaerial conditions. In the Road-cut site the siliciclastic sediments of the Mészhegy Sandstone Formation are exposed, representing a nearshore, shallow marine environment characterized by high siliciclastic input from the mainland.
The Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary and high resolution biostratigraphy of the pelagic sequences of the kurovice section (Outer Western Carpathians, the northern Tethyan margin)
Authors: Svobodová Andrea , Švábenická Lilian , Reháková Daniela , Svobodová Marcela , Skupien Petr , Elbra Tiiu , Schnabl Petr
Published: April 2019

Microfacies and high resolution studies at the Kurovice quarry (Czech Republic, Outer Western Carpathians) on calpionellids, calcareous and non-calcareous dinoflagellate cysts, sporomorphs and calcareous nannofossils, aligned with paleomagnetism, allow construction of a detailed stratigraphy and paleoenvironmental interpretation across the Jurassic/Cretaceous (J/K) boundary. The Kurovice section consists of allodapic and micrite limestones and marlstones. Identified standard microfacies types SMF 2, SMF 3 and SMF 4 indicate that sediments were deposited on a deep shelf margin (FZ 3), with a change, later, into distal basin conditions and sediments (FZ 1). The sequence spans a stratigraphic range from the Early Tithonian calcareous dinoflagellate Malmica Zone, nannoplankton zone NJT 15 and magnetozone M 21r to the late Early Berriasian calpionellid Elliptica Subzone of the Calpionella Zone, nannoplankton NK-1 Zone and M 17r magnetozone. The J/K boundary is marked by a quantitative increase of small forms of Calpionella alpina, the base of the Alpina Subzone (that corresponds to NJT 17b and M 19n.2n) and by the rare occurrence of Nannoconus wintereri. Palynomorphs include Early Berriasian terrestrial elements — non-calcareous dinoflagellate cysts Achomosphaera neptunii, Prolixosphaeridium sp. A and Tehamadinium evittii. The depositional area for Kurovice was situated at the margin of the NW Tethys. The influence of cold waters from northern latitudes and potential upwellings is highlighted by: 1) the high proportion of radiolarians and sponge spicules, 2) rare calpionellids represented mostly by hyaline forms, 3) the absence of microgranular calpionellids — chitinoidellids, 4) the small percentage of the genera Nannoconus, Polycostella and Conusphaera in nannofossil assemblages, as compared to other sites in Tethys, 5) scarce Nannoconus compressus, which has otherwise been mentioned from the Atlantic area.
Bus and train connections between towns in Lower Silesia under different operational models:Competition or complementarity?
Authors: Smolarski Mateusz , Jurkowski Wojciech , Raczyk Andrzej
Published: April 2019

Relationships between the activities of bus carriers and rail passenger traffic (and the railway offer) are examined in this article. The study was carried out in peripheral areas located at the Polish and Czech borderlands in Lower Silesia province. High quality rail transport generally increases the demand for transport services. Therefore, the proper development of transport offer plays a key role in the functioning of public transport systems, the backbone of which is rail transport. The study also shows that under conditions of transport market deregulation, bus carriers have developed a competitive network which is not complementary to rail transport. As a consequence, the deregulation of the transport market has increased the risk of transport exclusion.
New statistical atlases of voivodships and Poland
Authors: Zych Maciej , Medolińska Katarzyna
Published: April 2019

In 2018, 100 years had passed since the Central Statistical Office of Poland (since 2017: Statistics Poland – GUS) was established. This anniversary was considered an opportunity for preparation of a series of cartographic publications, i.e. 16 statistical atlases of Polish voivodships (first order administrative units) and the Statistical atlas of Poland. Publication of such a series of atlases is a new undertaking in the history of Polish statistics – it involved both the employees of the head office of Statistics Poland in Warsaw and the staff of statistical offices in 16 voivodships.

Until 2018 Polish public statistics did not have many such publications. The first atlas publication of Central Statistical Office was Republic of Poland – statistical atlas released in 1930. The next Statistical atlas, covering all of Poland, was published only in 1970. Subsequent statistical atlases were published over 30 years later – the atlases of five voivodships, published in 2006−2016, and the Demographic atlas of Poland published in 2017.

Atlases for individual voivodships were prepared by the relevant regional statistical offices. The project was managed by the head office of Statistics Poland which prepared the guidelines and provided technical and substantive supervision. Due to different sizes of voivodships, the atlases were prepared in scales from 1:900,000 (Opolskie and Świętokrzyskie Voivodships) to 1:1,500,000 (Mazowieckie and Wielkopolskie Voivodships). A standard page contains a map of a voivodship divided into communes (gminas) or counties (powiats) and a map of Poland at the scale of 1:9,500,000 divided into voivodships. The number of pages of the voivodship atlas is 104 with 165 maps: 76 maps of voivodships, 76 maps of Poland, one administrative map of Poland at the scale of 1:3,800,000 and 12 maps of the European Union or Europe at the scale of 1:21,500,000.

The Statistical atlas of Poland was published in early July 2018. It consists of 216 pages, with 281 maps (full-page maps of Poland at the scale of 1:3,800,000, quarter-page maps of Poland at the scale of 1:9,000,000, full-page maps of Europe or the European Union at the scale of 1:21,500,000, and half-page world maps at the scale of 1:200,000,000) and 175 charts/graphs. Maps made by using quantitative cartographic presentation methods predominate in the atlas – choropleth and diagram methods are used most frequently (they are observed on 263 maps).

Statistical atlases of voivodships and the Statistical atlas of Poland count 1888 pages in total with 2934 maps, on which the development of the country is presented in relation to regional and local conditions. All atlases are bilingual, Polish-English. Publications printing was co-financed from EU funds within the Operational Programme Technical Assistance 2014–2020. Atlases are also available free of charge in the PDF format on the website of Statistics Poland: https://stat.gov.pl/statystyka-regionalna/publikacje-regionalne/podreczniki-atlasy/atlasy/.
Image data paradox – on the impact of the development of image-based remote sensing on the maps’ content in the Eastern Bloc. The case of Poland
Authors: Konopska Beata , Krukowski Mirosław
Published: April 2019

The authors examine the impact of the development of image-based remote sensing systems on the activities of state administrations in the cartographic production and making of geographical information publicly available in the Eastern Bloc countries. A convergence of cartography, secrecy, and power occurred during the Cold War. Through investigation of facts relevant to the acquisition image data of the Earth surface performed by the USA and the USSR, it aims to examine the key questions of why the logic behind the development of cartography in the Eastern Bloc countries after World War II was distorted. The lack of logic was reflected in the fact that the amount of information actually presented on maps decreased with an increase in the information about the surface of the Earth acquired by the means of remote sensing systems.

It was suggested that image data in the member states of the Eastern Bloc, in spite of their restricted use and a drop in the informational value of maps, was the main factor behind the creation, detail, and geometric accuracy of civilian maps. Proving this thesis involved analyzing the correlations between the achievements in the field of remote sensing and the quality of maps developed during the Cold War in the Eastern Bloc states.
Analysis of Impact of Ship Model Parameters on Changes of Control Quality Index in Ship Dynamic Positioning System
Authors: Rynkiewicz Tacjana Niksa , Witkowska Anna
Published: April 2019

In this work there is presented an analysis of impact of ship model parameters on changes of control quality index in a ship dynamic positioning system designed with the use of a backstepping adaptive controller. Assessment of the impact of ship model parameters was performed on the basis of Pareto-Lorentz curves and ABC method in order to determine sets of the parameters which have either crucial, moderate or low impact on objective function. Simulation investigations were carried out with taking into account integral control quality indices.