bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sexual Dimorphism in Reactive Oxygen Species Production and a Role for Integrin alpha 1 beta 1 in Estrogen Receptor Expression in Articular Cartilage
Authors: Black Alicia L. , Haskins James , Pozzi Ambra , Clark Andrea L.
Published: February 2022

Background
Integrin α1β1 protects against osteoarthritis more robustly in females compared to males potentially through its influence on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of itga1 on chondrocyte EGFR activity and downstream reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in male and female mice. Furthermore, chondrocyte expression of estrogen receptor (ER) α and ERβ were measured to investigate the mechanism for sexual dimorphism in the EGFR/integrin α1β1 signaling axis.
Methods
Femoral and tibial cartilage of male and female, wild type and itga1-null mice were processed for ex vivo confocal imaging of ROS, immunohistochemical analysis of 3-nitrotyrosine, or immunofluorescence of pEGFR and ERα and ERβ.
Results
We show that ROS producing chondrocytes are more abundant in female itga1-null compared to wild type mice ex vivo, however itga1 had limited influence on the percent of chondrocytes stained positively for 3-nitrotyrosine or pEGFR in situ. In addition, we found that itga1 influenced ERα and β expression in femoral cartilage from female mice, and that ERα and β were co-expressed as well as co-localized in chondrocytes. Finally, we show sexual dimorphism in ROS and 3-nitrotyrosine production, but surprisingly not in pEGFR expression.
Conclusions
Together these data highlight sexual dimorphism in the EGFR/integrin α1β1 signaling axis and underline the need for further investigation into the role of ERs in this biological paradigm. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of osteoarthritis is essential for the development of individualized, sex-specific treatments in this age of personalized medicine.
Concurrent intracranial malignant triton tumor and relapsed pituitary adenoma in the sellar region: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: liu bin , Wang Jinchao , xu shangchen
Published: February 2022

Background: Malignant triton tumor (MTT) is a rare kind of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, histologically characterized by rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. There are limited reports of MTT occurring in the intracranial area. The treatment modality consisting of total surgical resection plus post-operative radiotherapy is generally accepted. However, even with optimal treatment, most patients will die within a few months. Case presentation: We report a 71-year-old man with a history of pituitary adenoma, who underwent surgical treatment and postoperative gamma knife therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed a mass with two distinctive components in the sellar area. Postoperative pathology found that the lesion is consisted of a MTT and a relapsed pituitary adenoma. Conclusions: The present case is the first report of MTT that occurred in the sellar area. It is also the first case of intracranial MTT with other concurrent tumors (relapsed pituitary tumors). Meanwhile, this case has a clear history of radiation, suggesting that the occurrence of MTT may be related to radiation.
Digital Pathology in Latin America
Authors: García-Rivello Hernán , Cancio Alfredo , Monroy Ana Maria Vanegas , Soares Fernando Augusto , García Franco Doimi , Puyol Jorge Ugalde , Schultz Marcela , Díaz Nicolás Vivar , Zoroquiain Pablo , Soria-Céspedes Danny
Published: February 2022

Background: Digital pathology (DP) adoption in Latin America has expanded slower than in developed regions, probably due to many barriers not seen in the latter areas. This article aims to present the current scenario in the region, highlighting barriers and possible solutions to encourage its adoption in Latin American countries.Methods: An expert panel of 9 Latin American medical pathologists and 1 information technology specialist participated in an online modified Delphi panel, utilizing a third-party platform (iAdvise, Within3, USA). Thirteen pre-prepared questions were answered interactively.Results: Experts' observations confirm the paucity of labs in the region that utilize digital pathology technology. The panel ranked obtaining second opinions and presenting images remotely as the main benefit of a digital pathology system, although many others were cited as well. Cost of implantation was the main barrier mentioned by the experts, and payers' and decision makers' lack of awareness of benefits ranked second as a barrier to DP implementation. Internet infrastructure was also mentioned as a concerning issue in the region. Besides diagnostic pathology services, proposed revenue incomes included commercialization of digital services to other institutions, loan agreements of equipment and software, and organizing courses for pathologists or residents. The need for alternative reimbursement methods for diagnostic services was also mentioned. A regional network of collaborating institutions was also suggested as a viable solution to reach distant areas and laboratories lacking the technology.Conclusions: The benefits of DP are clear to the expert panel, but cost and lack of awareness of its benefit may be hampering its widespread adoption in Latin America.
Risk of superinfection in critically ill COVID-19 patients receiving tocilizumab plus dexamethasone
Authors: CAMOU FABRICE , ISSA NAHEMA , HESSAMFAR MOJGAN , GUISSET OLIVIER , MOURISSOUX GAELLE , PEDEBOSCQ STEPHANE , MINOT AIMEE , BONNET FABRICE
Published: February 2022

To assess the risk of superinfection in patients with severe COVID-19 in an ICU receiving dexamethasone with or without tocilizumab, we performed an observational cohort study. Of 246 patients, 59 developed superinfections (mainly respiratory) leading to poorer prognoses. Adding tocilizumab to dexamethasone was not associated with an increased risk of superinfection in these patients.
Investigation of the Biological Treatability of Pistachio Processing Industry Wastewaters in a Batch-operated Aerobic Bioreactor
Authors: Kul Sinan , Tırınk Sevtap , Nuhoğlu Alper
Published: February 2022

This study encompasses investigation of treatment of pistachio processing industry wastewaters in a batch reactor under aerobic conditions, calculation of kinetic parameters and comparison of different inhibition models. The mixed microorganism culture used in the study was adapted to pistachio processing industry wastewaters for nearly one month and then concentrations from 50-1000 mg L -1 of pistachio processing industry wastewaters were added to the medium and treatment was investigated in batch experiments. The Andrews, Han-Levenspiel, Luong and Aiba biokinetic equations were chosen for the correlations between the concentration of pistachio processing industry wastewaters and specific growth rates, and the kinetic parameters in these biokinetic equations were calculated. The maximum specific growh rate, semi-saturated constant and inhibition constant parameters, included in the Aiba biokinetic equation providing best fit among the other equations, had values calculated as 0.25 h -1 , 19 mg L -1 , and 516 mg L -1 , respectively. The substrat value reaches maximum value and the specific growth rate at this concentration were calculated as 101.379 mg L -1 and 0.1827 h -1 , respectively
Genome-Wide Association Study Revealed Loci Linked To Post-Drought Recovery And Traits Related To Persistence Of Smooth Bromegrass (Bromus Inermis)
Authors: Saeidnia Fatemeh , Majidi Mohammad Mahdi , Mirlohi Aghafakhr , Ahmadi Benyamin
Published: February 2022

Association analysis has been proved as a powerful tool for genetic dissection of complex traits. This study was conducted to identify marker–trait associations for recovery, persistence, and as well as finding stable associations. In this study, a diverse panel of polycross derived progenies of smooth bromegrass was phenotyped under normal and water stress, during three consecutive years. Association analysis was performed between nine important agronomic traits along with three seasonal growth activity indices based on 535 SRAP markers. Population structure analysis identified five main subpopulations possessing significant genetic differences. Association analysis using mixed linear mode1 identified 339 and 233 marker-trait associations under normal and water stress environments, respectively. Some of these markers were associated with more than one trait; which can be attributed to pleiotropic effects or to a number of tightly linked genes affecting several traits. If the effectiveness of these markers in genetic control of these traits is validated, they could be potentially used for initiation of marker-assisted selection and targeted trait introgression of smooth bromegrass under normal and water stress environments.
Expression Patterns of Ras-Association Domain Family Genes and Their Prognostic Values in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wen Fei , Qu Haixia , Jiang Xiangjun
Published: February 2022

Background
Ras-association domain family (RASSF) members are a set of proteins involved in cell cycle control and apoptosis and they are generally considered as tumor suppressors.
Objective
The present study aimed to elucidate the expression patterns of RASSFs and their prognostic values in gastric cancer.
Methods
The Oncomine and UALAN online databases were used for analyzing the expression patterns of RASSFs in gastric cancer patients and Kaplan-Meier online database was used for analyzing the prognostic values of RASSFs. The STRING database was used to establish the protein-protein interaction network. Gene ontology (GO) analysis and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed by using clusterProfiler package. Finally, MEXPRESS was used for analyzing DNA methylation.
Results
It was found that RASSF 1 was upregulated in gastric cancer and associated with a better prognosis, whereas RASSF7 was also upregulated in gastric cancer, but associated with a worse prognosis. Enrichment analysis further explained RASSFs association with Ras by regulation of GTP/GDP binding. RASSF genes showed different methylation levels in gastric cancer.
Conclusions
In conclusion, RASSF members are differentially expressed in gastric cancer, and could be potential prognostic biomarkers in gastric cancer.
Hybrid Trust and Weight Evaluation Based Trust Assessment Using ECK-ANFIS and AOMDV-REPO Based Optimal Routing in MANET Environment
Authors: Dupak Lucindia , Banerjee Subhasish
Published: February 2022

In Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANET), the employment of trust-based routing has attained augmenting attention during the past years. A novel approach for ensuring dependable routing in an adversarial MANET is the Trust-based routing protocols. Most prevailing works were done on the routing protocols development for security augmentation on an adversarial environment. These protocols encompass some flaws and are not secured on the MANET environment. This research method utilizes the Exponential Cauchy Kernelized Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ECK-ANFIS) centered trust assessment utilizing Hybrid Trust (HT) evaluation along with optimal routing on the MANET for tackling those issues. In this proposed model, the nodes are first initialized; next, ECK-ANFIS assessed the trust. For the evaluation, the HT together with the weight value is estimated for the nodes. Subsequently, the lower-level Trust Value (TV) nodes are secluded into a separate box. Next, the cluster is created on the trusted node. Improved K-Harmonic Mean (IKHM) algorithm forms the Cluster Head (CH). Ad hoc On-demand Multi-path Distance Vector (AOMDV) discovered the route. Range Emperor Penguin Optimization (REPO) selects the optimal route as of the manifold nodes. Next, the route is maintained utilizing the same algorithm. In the investigational study, the performance is examined with the prevailing methods centered upon performance metrics. Therefore, the better performance of the proposed work is proved.
Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on the Endogenous Hormone Content of Calyx Development in ‘Korla’ Fragrant Pear
Authors: Chen Yan , Jin Min , Wu Cui-yun , Bao Jian-ping
Published: February 2022

The development of calyxes in ‘Korla’ fragrant pear is influenced by hormones. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different plant growth regulators on the endogenous hormone content of young ‘Korla’ fragrant pear fruit. The hormone contents [indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellin acid (GA3), and abscisic acid (ABA)] of young ‘Korla’ pear fruits treated with water, IAA, and triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the relationship between the content and ratio of endogenous hormones and calyx abscission in ‘Korla’ fragrant pear was explored. The results showed that the rate of calyx abscission in the ‘Korla’ pear fruits treated with TIBA was significantly higher than that of fruits treated with water and IAA, and that of fruits treated with water was significantly higher than that of fruits treated with IAA. The GA3 content was higher than the IAA and ABA contents during each period. The IAA content of the stalk was higher than that of the calyx tube and flesh. The GA3 and ABA contents of the calyx tube were higher than those of the stalk and flesh. The IAA and GA3 contents of the first order were higher than those of the fourth order. The ABA content of the fourth-order fruit was higher than that of the first order. The (IAA+GA3)/ABA in the calyx tube was significantly higher than that in the flesh and fruit stalk. After IAA treatment, the IAA, GA3, and ABA contents of the first-order calyx tube increased by 47.7%, 17%, and 31.6%, respectively, whereas those of the fourth-order calyx tube increased by 65.3%, 39.9%, and 33.2%, respectively. After TIBA treatment, the IAA, GA3, and ABA contents of the first-order calyx tube increased by 46.1%, 36.5%, and 50.0%, respectively, the IAA content of the fourth-order tube decreased by 25.5%, and the GA3 and ABA contents increased by 22.0% and 12.2%, respectively. The IAA, GA3, and ABA contents of the flesh and fruit stalk did not significantly differ from those in the calyx tube. The results indicated that spraying IAA during flowering promoted calyx persistence, whereas spraying TIBA promoted calyx abscission. These findings provide certain theoretical references and practical criteria for improving the quality of ‘Korla’ fragrant pear.
Standing Stem Persistence in No‐tillage Small‐Grain Fields
Authors: Steiner Jean L. , Schomberg Harry H. , Douglas Clyde L. , Black Alfred L.
Published: February 2022

Standing stem residues affect erosion, hydrology, and other processes differently than flat residues, but stem persistence under no‐tillage management is not well understood. We developed an equation to predict standing stem number over time, based on precipitation and air temperature. Crops were field‐grown winter and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and oat (Avena sativa L.) grown near Bushland, TX, on Pullman clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Torrertic Paleustoll). Fallow‐period irrigation treatments produced three decomposition environments. Standing stems were counted in flagged quadrats 18, 98, 158, 223, 289, and 379 d after harvest. The daily minimum of precipitation‐based moisture or mean air temperature coefficients was accumulated as decomposition days (DD). Standing stem fraction (SF) was predicted assuming SF = exp [k(DD − B)]. The threshold, B, was ≈17.5 DD for all crops, and k was −0.284, −0.176, −0.169, and −0.116 for oat, barley, and winter and spring wheat, respectively. Equation evaluation used data from North Dakota, Oregon, and Texas. Stem number prediction tended to be high before the B threshold and low later. Paired t‐tests indicated no significant difference between predicted and measured stem fraction of spring wheat or barley. Stem fraction was overestimated by 0.09 for winter wheat averaged across Oregon and Texas data. Use of DDs improved prediction of standing stem persistence across diverse climates. Such information is needed for a wide range of erosion, water balance, and micrometeorological studies. A quantitative index for forces such as strong winds, animal traffic, or blowing precipitation may improve the model.
What do cross-country Bitcoin holdings tell us? Monetary and institutional discontent vs financial development
Authors: Koziuk Viktor
Published: February 2022

Cryptocurrencies show tremendous growth by market capitalization, however Bitcoin cross-country holdings are still in question. The purpose of the paper is to show that inflation discontent with the rule of law failures can explain why residents of different countries are prone to cryptocurrency holdings. The level of financial development is also considered. A hypothesis is proposed for more complex and segmented motives of Bitcoin holdings, tested by the OLS method. Single- and multi-factor regressions with independent variables are used, which can validate cross-country Bitcoin holdings in terms of inflation discontent, quality of institutions and financial development. Regression results confirm the idea of more segmented motives to hold Bitcoins. First, the hedge against inflation motive is rooted in the institutional weakness of central banks, and the regression results show that inflation variables are the most significant. Second, the hedge against institutional risks of asset ownership motive, based on the lack of rule of law and the relevant variable, is best performing among other institutional variables. Third, it is wrong to neglect financial development. However, it only plays a role in interaction with better innovation performance, meaning that crypto investors try not only to diversify their portfolios, but also to profit from involving in a sector with promising technological perspectives. The main takeaway is that institutional factors help explain why people in countries with worsened inflation and institutional performance tend to hold a large fraction of Bitcoins in assets. Obviously, monetary and institutional fragility is underestimated in the general discussion about the nature of digital money.
Muslim Marriages in Accra, Ghana: A Perspective on Minority/Majority Relations, Gender, and Social Mobility
Authors: Issaka-Toure Fulera
Published: February 2022

Muslims in Ghana form a significant minority of nearly eighteen percent of the total population of over twenty-five million people. Out of this number exists a small minority of Shi’i Muslims among the dominant Sunni group. This article considers marriage practices between the minority Shi’i and majority Sunni groups with relevance to gender and social mobility. Relying on field data gathered between 2014 and 2020 through interviews, informal conversations as well as the usage of an informant, the article demonstrates how the minority situates itself in relation to the majority group with respect to marriage as a social practice. The article argues that the minority negotiates its space within the context of the majority with respect to continuing and sustaining some traditions while placing some other practices into a contextual perspective. Furthermore, the article contends that mobility takes place in the lives of both men and women; however, Muslim men have some advantage over Muslim women.
Target and suspect screening for biocides in drinking water resources of Honduras
Authors: Sherman Anya , Mejia Walter Alejandro Guardado , Padilla Natasha Ramos , Carpenter Corey M. G. , Rich Stephanie L. , Moncada Erika Tenorio , Helbling Damian E.
Published: February 2022

The objective of this research was to explore biocide occurrence in drinking water resources of Honduras. We collected 46 samples from seven drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) in Honduras during eight sampling events between October 2018 and August 2019. We used high-resolution mass spectrometry to quantify the concentrations of 55 target biocides and estimate the abundance of four priority suspect biocides and five additional high-abundance biocides. We measured 30 of the target biocides, one of the priority suspect biocides, and all five of the high-abundance biocides in at least one of the samples. No correlation was observed between the overall extent of agriculture and biocide occurrence. However, bean production was strongly and significantly correlated with the biocide mixture complexity, as well as with concentrations of aminobenzimidazole and abscisic acid. Biocide mixture complexity was higher during the rainy season than during the dry season, but biocide concentrations were lower during the rainy season. Finally, we found that existing DWTPs are not consistently effective at removing the target biocides. These data represent the first known broad survey of bioicides in drinking water resources of Honduras and demonstrate the need for further study to better understand and manage biocide occurrence.
Spatiotemporal variability and change in rainfall in the Oti River Basin, West Africa
Authors: Kwawuvi Daniel , Mama Daouda , Agodzo Sampson K. , Hartmann Andreas , Larbi Isaac , Bessah Enoch , Limantol Andrew Manoba , Dotse Sam-Quarcoo , Yangouliba Gnibga Issoufou
Published: February 2022

Understanding rainwater dispersion in a spatiotemporal context is invaluable toward resourceful water management and a food-secure society. This study, therefore, assessed the variations in rainfall at a spatiotemporal scale in the Oti River Basin of West Africa for observed (1981–2010) and future periods (2021–2050) under the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5 emission scenarios. Rainfall data from meteorological stations and Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPS) were used. The percentage changes in rainfall for the peak month as well as for rainy and dry seasons under the two climate scenarios were determined. The coefficient of variation (CV) and the standardized anomaly index (SAI) were used to assess annual variations in rainfall. In general, under both emission scenarios, rainfall is projected to decrease over the study area. However, the amount of rainfall during the peak month (August) for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 could increase by 0.26 and 9.3%, respectively. The highest SAIs for the observed period were +1.58 (2009) and −2.29 (1983) with the latter showing a relationship with historic drought in the basin. The projected SAI under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 indicated extremely wet (+2.12) and very wet (+1.91) periods for the years 2037 and 2028, respectively. The study provides relevant information and a chance to aid the design of innovative adaptation measures toward efficient water management and agricultural planning for the basin.
The Expedition of Azido-reductive Cyclization Approaches Towards Various Heterocycles
Authors: Soni Jay Prakash , Jadhav Nayan Arvind , Shankaraiah Nagula
Published: February 2022

Organic azides are in the interphase between chemistry, biology, medicine, and materials science. Their uses in peptide chemistry, combinatorial chemistry, and the synthesis of heterocycles are extensively explored. In this review, the focus is placed on the azido-reductive cyclization of azides and detailed its significant insights. The wide-ranging literature for synthesizing various heterocycles, employing chemoselective and straightforward protocols for azido-reduction with concomitant intramolecular cyclization, has been elaborated. In due course, the azido-reductive cyclization strategy witnessed the synthesis of essential heterocycles such as benzodiazepines, quinazolinones, piperidine, pyrrole and their derivatives. In addition, the review includes applications of azido-reductive cyclization strategies towards the synthesis of various iminosugars, drugs/APIs, and natural products embedding such heterocycles.
Research Progress in Alpha-fetoprotein-induced Immunosuppression of Liver Cancer
Authors: Wen Lu , Zhao Kailiang , Zhou Xiaoquan , Xiao Yuchun , Wang Yanni
Published: February 2022

Liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, with limited treatment and 8.2% mortality. Liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths, which seriously endangers human life and health. Approximately 70% of liver cancer patients show increased serum Alpha- Fetoprotein (AFP) levels. AFP is the main diagnostic and prognostic indicator of liver cancer. AFP, a key marker of liver cancer, plays a crucial role in regulating the proliferation of tumor cells, apoptosis, and induction of cellular immune escape. High levels of AFP during embryonic development protect the embryos from maternal immune attack. AFP also promotes immune escape of liver cancer cells by inhibiting Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs), Natural Killer cells (NK), Dendritic Cells (DC), and macrophages; thus, it is also used as a target antigen in immunotherapy for liver cancer. AFP is highly expressed in liver cancer cells. In addition to being used in the diagnosis of liver cancer, it has become a target of immunotherapy for liver cancer as a tumor-associated antigen. In immunotherapy, it was also confirmed that early AFP response was positively correlated with the efficacy of immunotherapy. Early AFP responders had longer PFS and OS than non-responders. At present, the methods of immunotherapy for liver cancer mainly include Adoptive Cell Transfer Therapy (ACT), tumor vaccine therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy, etc. A large number of studies have shown that AFP mainly plays a role in ACT and liver cancer vaccines. This review presents the research progress of AFP and immunosuppression of liver cancer.
A Review on the New Indication of Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase
Inhibitors (NRTIs) in the Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Karbasforooshan Hedyieh , Salari Sofia , Hosseinjani Hesamoddin
Published: February 2022

Background:

In December 2019, a new coronavirus (nCoV) emerged as a public health
concern spreading all around the world. Several attempts have been made to discover effective drugs
and vaccines. Up to now, multiple COVID-19 vaccines have been developed against this mysterious
virus, and a lot of individuals have already got vaccinated.

Objective:

Anti-viral drugs are effective in treating and managing COVID-19. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase
inhibitors (NRTIs) are a collection of antiviral drugs for treating HIV and HBV infections.
These drugs prevent virus replication by blocking reverse transcriptase (RT). In this review, we discuss
the interaction of this class of anti- HIV drugs with specific functional proteins and enzymes of SARSCoV-
2.

Method:

A search of the databases, including Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Google
Scholar, was conducted from commencement to September 2020. The relevant articles on the potential
effects of NRTIs on COVID-19 were collected. Finally, twenty-three articles were selected, including
all in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies.

Result:

It was observed that RdRp, spike, ACE2, PNP, inflammatory cytokines, and nucleocapsid
protein participate in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. NRTIs target these proteins by binding to
them.

Conclusion:

This review is focused on the mechanisms of NRTIs to introduce them as potential therapies
for COVID-19. However, further in vitro and in vivo investigations will provide helpful information
for the identification of drug candidates as a part of COVID-19 management.
Fluoroquinolone-induced Glycaemic Aberrations: Could Quinolones be
Repurposed to Serve as New Antidiabetic Agents?
Authors: Sibiya Ntethelelo , Ayodele Omobonlale , Khanye Setshaba , Mothibe Mamosheledi
Published: February 2022

Nalidixic acid is a synthetic antibiotic discovered in the 1960s during the synthesis of chloroquine,
an effective drug for treating malaria. Nalidixic acid became the backbone for developing
quinolones that are now widely used clinically for the treatment of various bacterial infections. The
mechanism of action of quinolone involves the inhibition of topoisomerase II and topoisomerase IV.
In attempts to improve the potency of fluoroquinolones, modifications were made; these modifications
resulted in the emergence of newer generations of fluoroquinolones. Also, due to these modifications,
several side effects were noted, including blood glucose control aberrations. Among fluoroquinolones
that disrupt glucose homeostasis is gatifloxacin, which is in the third-generation category. Fluoroquinolones
have been demonstrated to induce glycaemic aberrations by enhancing pancreatic cells' insulin
secretion and interaction with antidiabetic agents via inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes. Considering
their ability to induce hypoglycaemia, few studies have reported repurposing of quinolones as
antidiabetic agents. Hyperglycaemia has also been reported to often precede hypoglycaemia. Due to
the ability to decrease blood glucose, it is not surprising that some authors have reported novel quinolone
derivates with antidiabetic properties in experimental studies. However, there is still a paucity of
data regarding the effect of quinolones derivatives on glycaemic control. Understanding how fluoroquinolones
lower blood glucose concentration could serve as the basis for developing novel quinolone
derivatives with the sole purpose of lowering blood glucose concentrations. Although there are various
conventional anti-hyperglycaemic agents, due to their associated shortfalls as well as an increase in the
prevalence of diabetes, the discovery and development of new antidiabetics are warranted.
The Development of the Argument for Celibacy in Selected Documents of the Magisterium of the Church with Special Regard to the Documents Issued after Vatican II
Authors:   The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Kosche Michał
Published: February 2022

The following article is one of the voices in the debate about the universality of priestly celibacy. It attempts to track the development of the theological and personalist arguments for celibacy contained in the most significant documents of the Magisterium of the Church. A special emphasis has been put on contemporary texts, issued after the Second Vatican Council. This choice has been caused by two major reasons. First, post-conciliar documents introduce a new quality to the argument of the universality of celibacy. Second, they have a far bigger impact on the discipline of the Church than previous texts.
Education for Sustainable Development from the Perspective of Mieczysław Gogacz's Realistic Pedagogy
Authors:   University of Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski in Warsaw, Klimska Agnieszka
Published: February 2022

In the face of the “weakness of indicators” of the progress in the implementation of the postulates of sustainable development, opinions appear about “the depletion of the paradigm of sustainable development”. So far, strengthening the practice of sustainable development, involved, among others, implementation of education for sustainable development. However, certain omissions have been revealed in the area of educational activities. education. Taking into account these failures, it seems that it is worth “humanizing” education. The article is an attempt to embed education for sustainable development in the realistic pedagogy of M. Gogacz, built on the basis of consistent Thomism.
Радиационная стойкость кремниевых солнечных элементов, легированных никелем
Authors: Исмайлов К.А. , Кенжаев З.Т. , Ковешников С.В. , Косбергенов Е.Ж. , Исмайлов Б.К.
Published: February 2022

The influence of nickel doping on the radiation resistance of silicon solar cells in the range of γ-irradiation doses of 10^5–10^8 rad was studied. It is shown that diffusion doping of silicon with impurity nickel atoms increases the radiation resistance of the parameters of silicon solar cells. It is assumed that the reason for the increase in the radiation resistance of such solar cells is the existence of clusters of impurity nickel atoms, which serve as sinks for radiation defects.
Граничные условия для задач рассеяния обменных спиновых волн в неоднородных магнитных структурах
Authors: Пойманов В.Д.
Published: February 2022

A method for obtaining boundary conditions for magnetization in ferromagnetic structures with an inhomogeneous ground state - a relativistic and exchange spiral caused by the presence of competing exchange interactions - is proposed in this paper within the framework of a lattice model with a subsequent passage to the limit to the continuum. It is shown that such conditions are the equations of the dynamics of the magnetization of those boundary spins in which the symmetry is broken in comparison with the internal ones.
Теплоемкость наноструктурированного SmFeO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Митаров Р.Г. , Каллаев С.Н. , Омаров З.М. , Хизриев М-Ш.С. , Абдулвахидов К.Г.
Published: February 2022

The temperature dependence of the heat capacity of nanostructured SmFeO3 ceramics obtained by mechanical activation in the temperature range of 120–800 K has been studied. It has been shown that the excess heat capacity of mechanically activated ceramics is due to: displacements of iron and samarium ions and with a change in the angle between FeO6 oxygen octahedra.
Teledermatology: Experience in Singapore (Preprint)
Authors: Tan Eugene Sern-Ting
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the development and widespread adoption of teledermatology both locally and globally. As dermatology is predominantly a visual specialty, teledermatology is particularly useful for patient care and collaboration between health care professionals.

OBJECTIVE

To share lessons learned from the local experience with teledermatology in Singapore.

METHODS

The main models of teledermatology are asynchronous (store-and-forward), synchronous (real-time communication), and hybrid teledermatology (mixed combination of both asynchronous and synchronous elements).

RESULTS

During the pandemic, teledermatology has enabled suitable patients to have continued access to clinical care in the comfort of their home, while at the same time supporting safe distancing measures to mitigate exposure to and spread of SARS-CoV-2. At the National Skin Centre in Singapore, asynchronous store-and-forward teledermatology is used for telecollaboration with doctors and nurses from external health care institutions, nursing homes, and primary care clinics. A hybrid model comprising synchronous phone or video teleconsultation with the patient, together with review of recent clinical photographs submitted by the patient, is used for the remote care of selected patients with mild and/or stable dermatological conditions. There is a high diagnostic concordance of 87% between teleconsultation and in-person consultation. As not all patients are suitable for teleconsultation, preteleconsultation triage is helpful.

CONCLUSIONS

Moving forward, even as we approach a new postpandemic era, teledermatology will continue to evolve and become an integral pillar of the health care landscape.
Development of the Ideas of the Universe and Man in the Philosophical Views of Al Farabi
Authors: Zuhriddinovich Ernazarov Dilmurod
Published: February 2022

Farabi’s social utopia is a search for harmony between an intelligent universe, divine intelligence in the universe and a civil structure—a perfect human community. In other words, the thinker sought to project the harmony and harmony inherent in the cosmos onto earthly life, to deduce the laws of the functioning of human society from the eternal laws of being. This requires knowledge of the order and. harmony of things in the universe as the laws of all things. The concept of the ideal Farabi society is based on this conviction. On the basis of his research, al-Farabi created a new way of understanding the world and perceiving all that exists, which became the basis of the philosophy of the East during the Middle Ages. The article analyzes the philosophical outlook of Farabi about the essence of the Primordial One, matter, man, society etc.
Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance of S. aureus Strains isolated from Chronic Traumatic Wounds
Authors: Banerjee Barnini , Gowda Prakruthi , Ananda K. Thripthi
Published: February 2022

Staphylococcal biofilms are the prominent cause of chronic wound infection and antibiotic resistance. It acts as a reservoir for bacteria, making wound healing difficult. Biofilm infections increase the hospital stays and cost to the patients. The current study explores the phenotypic and genotypic detection of S. aureus biofilm from chronic traumatic wounds and their association with antibiotic resistance. A prospective observational study was conducted from April 2020 to March 2021. S. aureus isolates were identified by the MALDI-TOF. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by VITEK 2. Biofilm production detected by tissue culture plate method and associated ica genes were diagnosed through multiplex PCR. Overall, 67 isolates were investigated. The frequency of biofilm production in S. aureus was 73.1%, and most of the isolates were moderate biofilm producers (38.8%). The presence of intracellular adhesion (ica) operon among these isolates was 85.7% and also significantly associated with the strength of biofilm mass formation. Ica A was the predominant biofilm-producing gene (42.9%). Biofilm producing Methicillin-resistant S. aureus were as high as 75%, and multidrug resistant strains were significantly associated with biofilm formation. But frequency of ica genes were noted more in Methicillin sensitive S. aureus (65.2%). High frequency of biofilm in S. aureus of isolates was responsible for the development of chronic non-healing traumatic wounds. Biofilm-producing isolates showed greater multidrug-resistance. Phenotypically MRSA expressed more biofilm, but ica operon was documented in MSSA. It emphasized the further need for ica independent pathway exploration for MRSA biofilm synthesis.
Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Extracts of Lentinus squarrosulus Mont. against Human Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Sutthisa Waraporn , Chaiyacham Phaninyada
Published: February 2022

Lentinus squarrosulus (Mont.) is a wide edible mushroom widely consumed in Thailand. Ethanol extract was extracted from mycelium of L. squarrosulus No. 2 and Lentinus basidiocarp obtained from the local market at Mahasarakham province using 50% ethanol solvent. The effect of ethanolic extracts was tested for inhibition to some pathogenic bacteria. Antibacterial activity was tested by Poison food technique, it was found that 50 % ethanol extract from mycelium at concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 30% was effective to inhibit Bacillus cereus at the highest level (+++) and mycelium extract at the concentrations of 15% and 30% can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus with low level (+). But all concentrations of L. squarrosulus basidiocarp extract unable to inhibit the growth of B. cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and S. aureus. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of ethanolic extract from mycelium inhibit B. cereus was 125 mg/ml. The results indicate that the potential of L. squarrosulus mycelium is an excellent source of antimicrobial agents.
Ultrasound-Assisted and Microwave-Assisted Extraction, GC-MS Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of Freeze-dried L. camara Flower
Authors: Gowda N.A. Nanje , Gurikar Chennappa , Anusha M.B. , Gupta Soumya
Published: February 2022

Lantana camara is known to have anti-bacterial properties which can be exploited to develop a natural food preservative. There is huge demand for natural preservatives in food industry due to the increased health risks associated with synthetic preservatives, development of effecient extraction methods are essential to retain heat sensitive bioactive compounds. This aim of this study was to compare the performance of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and conventional solvent extraction (CSE) methods for extraction of freeze-dried lantana flower. The phytochemicals in freeze-dried flowers were characterized by GC-MS analysis and antibacterial properties were tested at different concentrations (50, 100, and 150 µl) against E.coli, Salmonella, and S. aureus. It was evident that the UAE offered the highest yield (64%), followed by MAE (53%) and CSE (49%) with distilled water as solvent. The freeze-dried extract possessed a high amount of tannins (417 µg/g), followed by flavonoids such as catechol (88 µg/g) and quercetin (9.2 µg/g). The antibacterial potential results revealed that only distilled water-based extraction techniques offered positive inhibition zones of 2.0-2.67 mm (MAE), 1.67-2.67 mm (UAE), and 1.67-2.17 mm (CSE) against all three organisms, while the chloroform based extracts had no inhibition effect. The microwave-assisted extract at 150 µl concentration offered a significant inhibitory effect against all three pathogens. The GC-MS profiling of bioactive compounds in flower extract revealed the presence of hexadecanoic acid as the major phytochemical compound in all three extraction techniques. The study revealed that the chloroform extract failed to exhibit an antibacterial effect due to the absence of alkaloids, saponins, and anthraquinones as a result of its neutralizing effect.
A Survey on Authentication for ATM Transaction System
Authors: Kulkarni Samarth S. , Dsilva Osman C. , Param Ruthwik H. , Vadiraj K. R. , S. Dr. Amutha
Published: February 2022

Abstract: In this paper, we proceed to discuss the various implications and concepts related to the hardware and software used in our proposed system of fingerprint authentication for ATM card transactions. This paper refers to many different sources based on the techniques that are being used in the system, i.e. a RFID scanner, RFID tags, a Fingerprint scanner, the Adafruit library and RESTful APIs.
An Efficient ML technique to Descry the DDoS Attacks in Real-time Network Traffic and its Feature Analysis
Authors: Vasantha Dr. S. V.
Published: February 2022

Abstract: In this modern Internet era with the advent of sophisticated technology, criminals can more often easily launch various kinds of cyber-attacks. Distributed Denial-of-service (DDoS) is one such attack that can easily bypass firewall and block the service provided by network resources and server machine. It creates a huge traffic from multiple systems to attack a particular server. This paper presents an efficient Machine Learning (ML) model construction process and its deployment to identify the DDoS attack related network traffic in real time. Fourteen different supervised ML algorithms are applied for training the model over the DDoS attack traffic data. The Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) Classifier has shown outstanding performance i.e., high accuracy of 98.4% in a very less time of 0.4 sec for training among others and expressed equally better performance when analyzed for other metrics such as AUC, Recall, Precision, F1-score, Kappa and MCC. This efficient classifier is further improvised by tuning its hyper parameters resulted in 98.7% accuracy and tested on 30% of unseen data resulted with 98.3% accuracy. When it is tested with real-time network traffic, exhibited 97.6% accuracy. The results show that LGBM Classifier achieves the highest accuracy. In this paper, it is also analyzed that source port is the important feature contributing mainly to the enhanced LGBM classifier accuracy. Keywords: Cyber Attacks, DDoS, Attack Detection, Machine Learning, Classification
Online identification of symmetric pure states
Authors: Sentís Gael , Martínez-Vargas Esteban , Muñoz-Tapia Ramon
Published: February 2022

We consider online strategies for discriminating between symmetric pure states with zero error when n copies of the states are provided. Optimized online strategies involve local, possibly adaptive measurements on each copy and are optimal at each step, which makes them robust in front of particle losses or an abrupt termination of the discrimination process. We first review previous results on binary minimum and zero error discrimination with local measurements that achieve the maximum success probability set by optimizing over global measurements, highlighting their online features. We then extend these results to the case of zero error identification of three symmetric states with constant overlap. We provide optimal online schemes that attain global performance for any n if the state overlaps are positive, and for odd n if overlaps have a negative value. For arbitrary complex overlaps, we show compelling evidence that online schemes fail to reach optimal global performance. The online schemes that we describe only require to store the last outcome obtained in a classical memory, and adaptiveness of the measurements reduce to at most two changes, regardless of the value of n.
Outsourcing of financial and management accounting: Do familiness as a social capital and company size as an organizational capital affect the decision to make such a transfer?
Authors: Rieg Robert , Zarzycka Ewelina , Dobroszek Justyna
Published: February 2022

The paper examines the impact of family and size on accounting outsourcing decisions and interactions between those variables. Based on a survey from German and Polish companies, we employ Bayesian logistic regressions for testing hypotheses and interactions of independent variables. The results support the hypotheses and indicate the combined influence of family firms and, therefore, family-social perspective and size on accounting outsourcing decisions. Larger firms are less likely to outsource financial and managerial accounting regardless of family influence, but in smaller firms, more significant family influence results in a lower likelihood of accounting outsourcing. This paper addresses a topic missing from the literature on the combined effects of size and family on accounting outsourcing (including financial and management accounting outsourcing at the same time).
Genetic variation in host plant phenology affects microbial assemblages at longitudinal niches of the seedling root
Authors: Zhou Yi , Rabbi Sheikh , Young Iain , Fuentes David , Merchant Andrew , Kaiser Brent , Li Yongle , Li Jishun , Wei Yanli , Denton Matthew D.
Published: February 2022

The root tip of a plant is highly sensitive to environmental cues and
exerts sensory, chemical and movement responses and has even been
likened to an animal’s brain. Yet, the assemblage of microbes at the
root tip, the control of their diversity, the nature of their
recruitment to that particular volume, and their roles in plant
phenotypic function, remain poorly understood. This study investigated
longitudinal niche differentiation of the root-associated microbiome in
chickpeas ( Cicer arietinum L.) and its interactions with both
diverse soil types and host plants with genetic variation in phenology,
from the exterior to the interior of the root. Compared with late
flowering (LF) genotypes, endophyte microbiomes at the apical zone of
the early flowering (EF) host were characterised by greater diversity,
higher compositional similarity to the basal zone, and closely
inhabiting Rhizobacter and Methylotenera across soils.
Additionally, EF genotypes secreted a specific composition of
metabolites from the apical zone, with more carboxylates and amino acids
(especially propionic acid and benzoic acid) than the LF plant. Our
findings demonstrate that longitudinal differentiation within a seedling
root is an essential feature shaping the root microbiome and indicative
of genetic variation in phenology of host plants.