bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Negative Effect Compensation of Disturbance for High-Precision Voice Coil Fast Steering Mirror
Authors: Xiantao Li , Li Botong , Wang Lu , Li Jinzhao , Zhou Zhanmin , Li Chong , Zhang Bao
Published: September 2022

In order to further improve the stability of the composite axis aviation photoelectric stabilization platform, a control method of negative effect compensation of disturbance (NECOD) is proposed and applied to the voice-coil fast steering mirror adjusting the optical path of the platform. The experimental results show that the control accuracy and closed-loop bandwidth of the voice-coil fast steering mirror based on NECOD have been greatly improved, while its advantages of large stroke are not possessed by piezoelectric fast mirror. The experimental results of high-frequency turntable and vibration table show that NECOD proposed in this paper has better antidisturbance performance than DOB and ARC, and its parameters are less and easy to adjust. It is proved that the robustness of NECOD is very strong in the presence of 20% parameter perturbation. The final LOS stabilization accuracy experiment shows that the NECOD voice-coil fast steering mirror proposed in this paper fully meets the performance requirements of high-precision aviation photoelectric stabilization platform, and has high practical value for improving the antidisturbance performance of the control system of aviation photoelectric stabilization platform.
Research on Performance of Public Welfare Crowdfunding Based on Neural Network Intelligent Model
Authors: Xia Zhenqin
Published: September 2022

From the appearance of entrepreneurial narratives, it communicates the movement of innovatory suggestion and entrepreneurial madness on revenue deed in technology crowdfunding, outsearch the immediate percussion of innovatory hint on financier act, and the moderating sign of entrepreneurial emotion on the relationship between novelty and resources exploit. Through the mode of text-book analysis, the genuine technology design in JD crowdfunding was interested in bearing empiric trial of the mold. Neural networks have large-scale parallel, distributed storage and processing, self-organization, self-adaptation, and self-learning capabilities and are especially suitable for dealing with inaccurate and ambiguous information processing problems that need to consider many factors and conditions at the same time. The empiric arise shows that forward-looking neologism queue indubitably moves financier completion, and primitive neology suggestion negatively pretends resources accomplishment; pierce People’s entrepreneurial emotion intensify the dogmatic outcome of incremental neology humor on financier work, but has no momentous regulatory performance on the relationship between fundamental novation cue up and revenue exploit. On this base, a nerve plexure pattern is further fabricated for equal analysis. The characteristic efficiency of retrogradation example and nerval meshwork fashion is amended. In addition, based on the sample data of the Dahuotou fair crowdfunding platform, the indicators of the extended resource evaluation are judged based on the video revenue duration of the design scheme, scheme dynamics, extended scoring, non-hidden technology, and employee inclusiveness. There is an interaction manifestation between video and operant allowance data; the penetration sign of the two logical recession molds is emended than that of the multilayer McCulloch–Pitts neuron mold and the divergent base duty design.
A Grouping Algorithm for Random Access Networks and Supermartingale Evaluation
Authors: Sun Hongliang , Chi Xuefen , Yu Baozhu
Published: September 2022

Wireless communications play a critical role in the applications of Internet of Things (IoT). The Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) is a well-proven wireless random access protocol. A crucial factor affecting the performance of random access networks is “hidden node collision,” which incurs performance degradation and lower resource utilization. Grouping is an efficient strategy for hidden node avoidance. In current IoT networks, the terminals usually have different traffic load, so load balance should be considered when grouping algorithm is designed. To mitigate hidden nodes and achieve load balance simultaneously, we propose a grouping algorithm based on the game theory. By introducing the supermartingale theory, the delay performance of the completed groups is analyzed. Simulations prove that the proposed algorithm alleviates collision, balances traffic, and promotes the efficient guarantee for Quality of Service (QoS).
Dynamical Analysis of Nonlocalized Wave Solutions of

2
+
1

-Dimensional CBS and RLW Equation with the Impact of Fractionality and Free Parameters
Authors: Shahen Nur Hasan Mahmud , Foyjonnesa  , Islam Md. Rafiqul , Bekir Ahmet , Rahman M.M.
Published: September 2022

This study retrieves some new exact solutions to the

2
+
1

-dimensional Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schilf (CSB) equation and regularized long wave (RLW) equation in the context of nonlinear traveling wave phenomena. In this regard, the advanced

exp

−
φ

ξ

-expansion method is imposed to the

2
+
1

-dimensional CBS and RLW equation, and consequently, rogue, kink, singular kink, periodic, singular, and multiple soliton solutions are exhibited in terms of trigonometric, hyperbolic, and rational function solutions. To enucleate the underlying nonlocalized traveling wave features, accomplished exact solutions are established by making their dynamic behavior of the exact solutions exhibited in three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) combined chart with the help of computational software Maple 18. All of our accomplished solutions are claimed to be new in the sense of conformable derivative, chosen a unique fractional type wave transformation, dynamical behavior of fractionally and free variable, and the imposed method on our preferred equations.
Vibration Behaviour Analysis and Vibration Suppression Studies of the Space Robot
Authors: Yong Tian , Xiang Yue , Yan Feng , Binzhang Jiang
Published: September 2022

Aiming at the problem that the vibration of space robot will reduce the dynamic accuracy of robot, a method of vibration suppression of space robot through trajectory planning is proposed. First, the joint was simplified to a linear torsion spring, and the flexible rod was modelled using the finite element method, resulting in a flexible motion model of the robot. Then, a rigid-soft coupled dynamic model that combined the flexible motion model with the Lagrange method was established. Using the dynamic model, the factors influencing the vibration behaviour of space robots were analysed. Finally, the space robot was subjected to vibration suppression through trajectory planning. As verified by experimental analysis, different trajectories and loads affect the excitation force and inherent characteristics of the robot. In the design process, it is necessary to consider the relationship between the excitation force and natural frequency. The trajectory planning method has apparent effects on vibration suppression. The vibration amplitude was significantly reduced, which can improve the positioning accuracy and work efficiency of the robot.
Observer‐Based Synchronization and Quasi‐Synchronization for Multiple Neural Networks with Time‐Varying Delays
Authors: Li Biwen , Wang Donglun , Huang Jingjing
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we study the synchronization of a class of multiple neural networks (MNNs) with delay and directed disconnected switching topology based on state observer via impulsive coupling control. The coupling topology is connected sequentially, and the controller adjusts the state value through event‐triggering strategies. Different from the related works on MNNs, its state in this paper is assumed to be unmeasurable, and the time delay is also unmeasurable. Therefore, the observer does not contain the time‐delay term. The impulsive switching controller and observer controller adjust the system through the observed value. By constructing the corresponding augmented matrix, the system can finally achieve quasi‐synchronization (synchronization). Through derivation, we give the sufficient conditions ensuring quasi‐synchronization (synchronization) via the event‐triggered impulse control mechanism. In addition, numerical simulation examples are given to test our results of the theorem.
Research on Path Planning of Mobile Robot with a Novel Improved Artificial Potential Field Algorithm
Authors: Guo Tiezheng , Wang Jie , Wang Zhiming , Chen Wei , Chen Guojun , Zhang Shishi
Published: September 2022

For the path planning and obstacle avoidance problem of mobile robots in unknown surroundings, a novel improved artificial potential field (IAPF) model was proposed in this study. In order to overcome the shortages of low efficiency, local optimization trap, and unreachable target in the classical artificial potential field (APF) method, the new adaptive step length adjustment strategy was proposed in IAPF, which improved the path planning and obstacle avoidance efficiency. A new triangular navigation method was designed to solve the local optimization trap in joint force zero condition for a variety of path planning. In order to solve the target unreachable problem, a new target attraction model was established based on the distance of obstacle to improve convergence rate, and the new method was designed such as adding the aim factor to optimize the rejection force function and so on. The two methods of IAPF and APF are compared using MATLAB simulation, the average path planning efficiency of IAPF is increased by 42.8% compared with APF, the average path length is reduced by 8.6%, and the average target convergence rate is increased by 26.1%. Finally, the physical test of the mobile robot verified the effectiveness and accuracy of IAPF.
Computation of the Complexity of Networks under Generalized Operations
Authors: Afzal Hafiz Usman , Javaid Muhammad , Ovais Ali , Nur Alam Md
Published: September 2022

The connected and acyclic components contained in a network are identified by the computation of its complexity, where complexity of a network refers to the total number of spanning trees present within. The article in hand deals with the enumeration of the complexity of various networks’ operations such as sum (K2,n + W3, K2,n + nK1, Kn + Sn), product (K2,n⊠K2, K2,n  ⋉K2, Kn × K2, Kn⊠K2), difference (K2,n⊖K2), and the conjunction of Sn with K2. All our computations have been concluded by implementation of the methods of linear algebra and matrix theory. Our derivations will also be highlighted with the assistance of 3D plots at the end of this article.
Analyzing Characteristics for Two‐Step SET Operation Scheme for Improving Write Time in Nanoscale Phase‐Change Memory (PCM)
Authors: Mohseni Milad , Alkhayyat Ahmed , Srikaanth P. Balaji , Alrubaie Ali Jawad , Alguno Arnold C. , Capangpangan Rey Y. , Singh Bhupesh Kumar
Published: September 2022

PCM (phase‐change memory) is a memory innovation that has gained prominence as a capacity‐class memory for computer systems. It is made up of a tiny functional amount of phase‐change material that is located in the middle of two electrodes. In PCM, data is kept by utilizing the difference in electrical resistance between a crystalline phase, which has a high resistance, and its amorphous phase, which has a low resistance. Using electrical pulses, the phase‐change material would be shifted from a high to the low conductive region and conversely. However, the device’s material science concerned with PCM has been generally studied, and questions remain regarding their electrical, warm, and fundamental aspects since its publication in the 1960s. One major downside of PCM is its low heat conductivity, which causes delays in the energy charging/discharging procedure and hardware efficiency. As a result of this, one of the primary focuses of PCM studies has been the improvement of PCM’s heat conductivity through the utilization of nanotechnology and nanomaterials. Nanotechnology has been developing ultrasmall nanoparticles to improve traditional PCMs’ thermophysical characteristics. These nanomaterials, such as metal, metal oxide, and carbon, will significantly boost PCM’s thermal properties, including supercooling, viscosity, and heat capacity. An overview of PCM devices is presented in this article, which underlies perusing and composition activities. Consequently, we offered novel PCM devices and materials. Therefore, the total study is qualitative, and no machine learning approach is used. Because of this, we cannot say that the data is quantitative. Our work includes both test representations of the specific features observed in nanoscale PCM devices and material science demonstrations. In the end, we provide a point of view on some remaining open inquiries and possible future exploration directions.
Role of Estrogen Receptor-Positive/Negative Ratios in Regulating Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Yanchu , Zhang Hengli , Jiang Tingting , Li Ping
Published: September 2022

The alpha estrogen receptor (ERα) contributes to breast cancer progression and recent guidelines define ER positivity as ≥1% stained cells, and a few tumor tissues show no ERα expression at all or are at 100%. Although ER and aromatase inhibitors are widely used to treat hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer, their effect on tumor activity at different ERα levels remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the role of ERα+/ERα− ratios in determining the ERα level. We used ERα stably transfected and wild-type MDA-MB-231 cells (MDA-MB-231Trans−ER and MDA-MB-231WT, respectively) as represented ER+ and ER− cells, respectively, and MCF-7 cells were the positive control. MDA-MB-231Trans−ER and MDA-MB-231WT cells were mixed and cocultured at a ratio of 0%, 20%, 40%, 70%, and 100%. Migration and invasion functions at different cell ratios were evaluated in vitro using the Transwell and scratch test. In a xenograft mouse model, the polarization of the tumor-associated (M2) macrophage and the expression of breast cancer gene 1 (BRCA1), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured. The results showed that the cell invasion and migration were significantly higher at 40% and 70% than they were at other ratios. Additionally, in vivo, the 70% ERα+/ERα-ratio was a critical indicator of cell activity and cytokine expression. The highest M2 level and expression of VEGR, TNF-α, BRCA1, and HER2 were shown at a ratio of 70%. Moreover, the effects of ERα were not linear in breast cancer, indicating that the ERα status requires continuous monitoring during long-term endocrine treatment. These results indicate that during HR+ breast cancer treatment, the ERα+/ERα− ratio may be a useful predictor and should be evaluated further.
If You Pay, Will They Come? Evaluating the Impact of Subsidies on Cessation Outcomes in the Walk or Run to Quit Program
Authors: Wunderlich Kelly B. , Do Daniel , Martin Hannah , Priebe Carly S. , Faulkner Guy E. J. , Ward Kenneth
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Exercise interventions may assist smoking cessation attempts. One such publicly available 10-week program, Walk or Run to Quit (WRTQ), demonstrated success in smoking cessation and physical activity (PA) outcomes. However, initial WRTQ participants (2016-2017) were fairly homogenous in their demographic profile. To increase diversity, subsidies for participation were offered in 2018. This study assessed how the subsidies affected participant demographics, running frequency, smoking cessation, intention to quit, and program attendance and completion. Methods. The $70 registration fee was subsidized for 41% of participants in 2018. A pre-postdesign was used, with participants completing surveys on their demographics and smoking and physical activity behaviours. Descriptive statistics compared the year subsidies were available (2018) and unsubsidized years (2016-2017) and subsidized and unsubsidized participants’ data from 2018. Results. The 2018 participants had lower average attendance and program completion rates compared to 2016-2017 and no statistically significant differences in demographics or smoking cessation and PA outcomes. There were no differences in smoking cessation, run frequency, or demographic variables between the subsidized and unsubsidized participants in 2018. Conclusions. Offering subsidies did not diversify the participant profile. Subsidies did not have a negative impact on attendance nor primary outcomes. Subsidies may not have addressed barriers that prevented a more diverse sample from participating in WRTQ, such as program location, timing, and design. Equitable access to smoking cessation programs remains essential. As subsidies may play a role in reducing financial barriers disproportionately faced by marginalized groups, the implementation of, and recruitment for, such subsidized programs requires further investigation.
Tunable Thin Film Periodicities by Controlling the Orientation of Cylindrical Domains in Side Chain Liquid Crystalline Block Copolymers
Authors: Dong Lei , Chandra Alvin , Wylie Kevin , Nabae Yuta , Hayakawa Teruaki
Published: September 2022

A facile approach to block copolymer (BCP) domain orientation control in thin films has been demonstrated by employing a BCP with liquid crystalline semifluorinated side chains by tuning the composition of the copolymers of the bottom surface layer (BSL). 1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorodecanethiol was attached to a precursor polymer, polystyrene-block-poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PGMA), to obtain a novel BCP with a C8F17-containing liquid crystal (LC) side chain (PS-b-P8FMA). Anisotropic hexagonally packed cylinder domains in a bulk state were first characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The observed morphology transition of BCPs with different fluorinated side chain lengths of –CF3, –C4F9, and –C6F13 suggested the decisive effects of LC side chain ordering on the anisotropic nanostructures. In the thin film study, poly(methyl methacrylate-random-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate-random-methacrylic acid) (PMMA-ran-PTFEMA-ran-PMAA) solution was used as BSLs for tuning the desired periodicities. The surface free energy (SFE) of BSL was simply tailored by changing the composition of comonomers. In atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterization, long-range ordered perpendicularly oriented BCP domains in a hexagonally packed array or parallel oriented BCP domains as striation patterns were easily fabricated on non-preferential or preferential BSL, respectively. The study presents a novel approach to tunable thin film periodicities without changing or modifying BCPs, which is desired in next-generation BCP lithography.
Positive Solutions of a Generalized Nonautonomous Fractional Differential System
Authors: Abdo Mohammed S. , Zahran Heba Y. , Yousef El Sayed , Mahmoud Emad E. , Abdel-Aty Abdel-Haleem
Published: September 2022

In this work, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions to a system of nonautonomous fractional differential equations. The fractional derivative of the system at hand is ψ‐ Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative. Some significant properties of this derivative that assist in the analysis of our results substantial are proved. The analysis is based on Guo‐Krasnoselskii’s and Banach’s fixed point theorem. Finally, we give two examples to verify our results.
Application of Visual Guidance Design of Tourist City Combined with Deep Learning Computer Visual Symbols
Authors: Cai Jiaying , Liu Kai
Published: September 2022

In recent years, computer vision has received rapid attention and development, and it also represents the most cutting-edge research direction of deep learning. With the rapid development of today’s world economy, the arrival of the information age marked by the network has broken the boundaries of time and space in the sense of physics, and the social form in which the entire human being lives is more and more approaching a small “global village.” The design and application of visual symbols need to achieve innovative combination and deconstruction of image symbols, indicator symbols, and symbolic symbols. When applying visual symbols to the design of urban tourism image, designers need to be clear about its role. The design and application of visual symbols of urban tourism image are of great significance, whether it is to condense and spread urban culture or beautify the environment. City brand image building can effectively protect the natural landscape and reduce the damage to the environment, and some city brand images can also become city landmarks. Therefore, designers should give full play to the advantages of local traditional culture, refine rich design materials, and skillfully integrate them into the design of visual symbols to further display the local humanistic characteristics, especially maximize the advantages and value of visual symbols, so as to make tourism. The city shows unique charm and unique humanistic spirit.
Bone Fracture Patterns and Distributions according to Trauma Energy
Authors: Almigdad Ahmad , Mustafa Ayman , Alazaydeh Sattam , Alshawish Mu’men , Bani Mustafa Mohammad , Alfukaha Hamza
Published: September 2022

Background. This study investigates the effect of injury mechanism and energy on fracture patterns and distributions. Also, it compares differences in bone fracture patterns based on injury mechanism, gender, and age. Methods. Three thousand and sixty-six admitted patients with bone fractures were reviewed retrospectively, and the fractures were analyzed regarding age, gender, and mechanism of injury. Fractures were located in eleven bones. However, the forearm, hand, leg, and foot were considered one bone, and the fracture was then subclassified according to the anatomic position within each bone. Trauma energy was classified according to the mechanism of injury where simple falls were considered low-energy injury while falling from a height, road traffic accidents, bullet, and industrial injuries were considered high energy. Results. Males represented most of the patients, and most injuries occurred in adults. However, the male patients were more prone to injuries than females across all age groups below fifty years, women above fifty years were more frequent, and a third of females’ injuries occurred in the elderly. Simple falls represent two-thirds of the trauma mechanism, and falling from a height and road traffic accidents are the most common high-energy injuries and more prevalent in males. Scapular, clavicular, distal humerus, and shaft of long bones fractures were more prevalent in males. In contrast, females had a higher frequency of proximal humerus, proximal and distal femur, distal leg, and thoracic spine fractures. Industrial injuries are more frequent in males; thus, hand injuries are more frequent. Pathological fractures were higher in females, and spine and pelvic fractures were more associated with high-energy injuries. Conclusions. The trauma’s energy determines the bone injury’s extent and nature. Knowing the trauma mechanism is essential to expect the extent of injuries and construct preventive measures accordingly.
CircFBXW7 Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Regulating miR-492
Authors: Zhu Shen-Yu , Zhang Zu-Xiong , Gu Liang , Rao Ding-Yu , Tang Xiao-Yuan , Sang Cheng-Peng , Xia Yao , Si Mao-Yan , Shi Hua-Qiu , Li Jie , Li Shu-Lin , Xie Chun-Fa , Yuan Xiao-Liang , Tang Zhi-Xian
Published: September 2022

Background. CircFBXW7 has been determined to be involved in various cancers; however, its role in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. This study examined the function and potential mechanism of circFBXW7 in NSCLC. Methods. The structure of circFBXW7 was verified via RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. The expression of circFBXW7 in NSCLC was determined by qRT-PCR. The effect of circFBXW7 overexpression on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells was examined by CCK-8 and Transwell assays. Furthermore, a circFBXW7-miRNA network was established to explore their interaction. Predicted miRNA was determined by qRT-PCR. Moreover, the miRNA mimics were synthesized, wherein its effect on proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells overexpressed circFBXW7 was assessed. Results. The circularity of circFBXW7 was verified. The expression of circFBXW7 was found to be downregulated in NSCLC cells compared with that in normal human lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells. Overexpression of circFBXW7 reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, according to the circFBXW7-miRNA network prediction and qRT-PCR validation, miR-492 was identified to be the target of circFBXW7. The inhibitory effect of circFBXW7 overexpression on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion was reversed by miR-492 mimics. Conclusion. CircFBXW7 is downregulated in NSCLC. CircFBXW7 inhibits NSCLC cells proliferation, migration, and invasion by regulating miR-492.
Patient Satisfaction with Resin Infiltration Treatment for Masking Noncavitated White Spot Lesions on Anterior Maxillary Teeth: Two Case Reports
Authors: Alamoudi Rana A. , Yaseen Asmaa A. , Alharthi Amjad S. , Bagher Sara M.
Published: September 2022

Aim. We assessed patient satisfaction with resin infiltration treatment outcomes for masking postorthodontic treatment noncavitated white spot lesions on anterior maxillary teeth. Background. White spot lesions (WSLs) are opaque white areas of demineralization. The lesion may remineralize over time, but the opaque color usually remains, retaining the undesirable tooth color. Case Description: Resin infiltration (RI) was administered to two patients with a total of 10 anterior maxillary teeth diagnosed with noncavitated WSLs. Immediately after treatment, patients were asked about their comfort during the RI treatment and their level of satisfaction with treatment outcomes. Two weeks post-treatment, the two patients were asked again about their level of treatment outcome satisfaction and if they thought they needed a second treatment. Both reported that they were comfortable during the treatment and were extremely satisfied with the achieved treatment outcomes immediately and two weeks after the treatment and did not feel that they would need to seek further treatment to reach the desired outcome. Conclusion. Resin infiltration is a comfortable, conservative treatment option providing satisfactory outcomes in masking noncavitated WSLs on anterior maxillary teeth after orthodontic treatment. Clinical Significance. Resin infiltration is a conservative treatment option to mask noncavitated WSLs after orthodontic treatment.
Correlation Analysis between Chronic Osteomyelitis and Bacterial Biofilm
Authors: Huang Kai , Lin Bingyuan , Liu Yiyang , Ren Haiyong , Guo Qiaofeng
Published: September 2022

Objective. To study the role of bacterial biofilm (BBF) in the formation of chronic osteomyelitis and its prevention and treatment. Methods. In this paper, a large amount of relevant literature was searched for analysis and summary, and the key words “chronic osteomyelitis,” “bacterial biofilm,” “infection,” and “debridement” were searched in databases, mainly CNKI, Wanfang, and Wipu. The search was conducted until December 2020. The role of bacterial biofilm formation in chronic osteomyelitis and its prevention were analyzed. Results. Chronic osteomyelitis is formed mainly due to poor blood supply and drug-resistant bacteria, of which cellular biofilm is the most important cause. BBF forms on the surface of necrotic soft tissue and bone tissue, which has a protective effect on bacteria and greatly enhances their resistance to antibiotics, leading to difficulties in complete bacterial clearance and recurrent infections in osteomyelitis. Conclusion. Through an in-depth study of the molecular biology and signal transduction of osteomyelitis biofilm, antibiotic biofilm treatment strategies and surgical debridement remain the focus of clinical translation of chronic osteomyelitis.
Wound Healing and Antioxidant Properties of 80% Methanol Leaf Extract of Verbascum sinaiticum (Scrophulariaceae): An Ethiopian Medicinal Plant
Authors: Lulseged Kalkidan , Akele Muluemebet Zinabu , Abiye Alfoalem Araba , Abebe Besufekad , Assefa Huluka Solomon
Published: September 2022

Wounds account for severe morbidity, socioeconomic distress, and mortality around the globe. For several years, various herbal products are used to expedite and augment the innate wound healing process. In Ethiopian folkloric medicine, Verbascum sinaiticum L. (V. sinaiticum) is commonly applied as a wound-healing agent. The present study investigated the potential wound healing and antioxidant properties of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of V. sinaiticum. The 80% methanol extract, formulated as 5% (w/w) and 10% (w/w) ointments, was evaluated in excision and incision wound models using nitrofurazone and simple ointment as positive and negative controls, respectively. Parameters such as wound contraction, period of epithelialization, and tensile strength were determined. Moreover, its in vitro antioxidant property was evaluated using a DPPH assay. In the excision model, both doses (5% and 10% w/w) of the extract showed a significant (

p
<
0.001

) wound healing efficacy compared to the negative control as evidenced by enhanced wound contraction rate and shorter epithelialization time records. In the incision model, the lower dose (5% w/w) ointment formulation of the extract exhibited the maximum increment in tensile strength (85.6%) that was significant (

p
<
0.001

) compared to negative and untreated controls. Animals treated with 5% w/w ointment, furthermore, showed a significantly (

p
<
0.05

) higher percentage of tensile strength than nitrofurazone treated ones. Moreover, the hydroalcoholic extract of the plant showed a noticeable free radical scavenging property. The result of the present study upholds the folkloric use of V. sinaiticum in the treatment of wounds.
Smoking-associated Downregulation of FILIP1L Enhances Lung Adenocarcinoma Progression Through Mucin Production, Inflammation, and Fibrosis
Authors: Kwon Mijung , Rubio Genesaret , Wang Haitao , Riedlinger Gregory , Adem Asha , Zhong Hua , Slegowski Daniel , Post-Zwicker Louisa , Chidananda Anshruta , Schrump David S. , Pine Sharon R. , Libutti Steven K.
Published: September 2022

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the major subtype in lung cancer, and cigarette smoking is essentially linked to its pathogenesis. We show that downregulation of Filamin A interacting protein 1-like (FILIP1L) is a driver of LUAD progression. Cigarette smoking causes its downregulation by promoter methylation in LUAD. Loss of FILIP1L increases xenograft growth, and, in lung-specific knockout mice, induces lung adenoma formation and mucin secretion. In syngeneic allograft tumors, reduction of FILIP1L and subsequent increase in its binding partner, prefoldin 1 (PFDN1) increases mucin secretion, proliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis. Importantly, from the RNA-sequencing analysis of these tumors, reduction of FILIP1L is associated with upregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which has been implicated in proliferation of cancer cells as well as inflammation and fibrosis within the tumor microenvironment. Overall, these findings suggest that down-regulation of FILIP1L is clinically relevant in LUAD, and warrant further efforts to evaluate pharmacologic regimens that either directly or indirectly restore FILIP1L-mediated gene regulation for the treatment of these neoplasms.

Significance:

This study identifies FILIP1L as a tumor suppressor in LUADs and demonstrates that downregulation of FILIP1L is a clinically relevant event in the pathogenesis and clinical course of these neoplasms.
Atrial Tachyarrhythmias and Stroke: Temporal Relationship and Stroke Subtypes
Authors: Blackie Hugh , Thijs Vincent , Churilov Leonid , Han Hui-Chen , Lin Tina , Teh Andrew W. , Jones Elizabeth F. , Horrigan Mark , Farouque Omar , Lim Han S.
Published: September 2022

Background and Purpose: Research into the temporal relationship between atrial tachyarrhythmias (atrial tachycardia [AT] and atrial fibrillation [AF]) and stroke has produced conflicting findings. Systematic categorization of stroke subtypes may help clarify the discussion. Objectives: The objective of the study was to examine the presence and timing of AT/AF in relation to ischemic stroke subtypes, categorized as either cardioembolic (CE) or non-CE. Methods: Consecutive patients presenting to the Austin Hospital with acute stroke from 2012 to 2019 and a cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) were identified. Using a case-control design, the temporal proximity of AT/AF episodes in the 90 days prior to stroke was compared in the CE and non-CE stroke groups. Results: 5,591 patients presented to the Austin Hospital with acute stroke from 2012 to 2019, of whom 31 patients with an ischemic stroke and a CIED with ≥90 days of monitoring were identified. Twelve strokes were adjudicated as CE and 19 as non-CE by a stroke neurologist. Six of the 12 CE stroke patients (50%) experienced AT/AF within 30 days preceding their stroke, while none of the 19 non-CE stroke patients recorded any AT/AF in the same period (p = 0.001). Four CE stroke patients (33%) had no AT/AF preceding their strokes at any time. The odds ratio for CE stroke was highest (39; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.92–791.5) when AT/AF occurred in the 30 days prior, declining to 20.65 (95% CI: 1.00–427.66) and 6.07 (95% CI: 0.94–39.04) in the subsequent 31–60- and 61–90-day windows, respectively. Conclusions: CE strokes were associated with a significantly higher proportion of preceding AT/AF compared with non-CE strokes. These findings support a potential temporal relationship between AT/AF and CE stroke and demonstrate that stroke subtyping can better characterize the relationship between AF and ischemic stroke. However, this study’s findings are limited by its sample size and small number of informative cases.
Understanding the Association between Alcohol Stigma and Alcohol Consumption within Europe: A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study
Authors: Kummetat Johanna Leona , Leonhard Anya , Manthey Jakob , Speerforck Sven , Schomerus Georg
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Stigma towards alcohol-related conditions is more pronounced than stigma against any other mental illness and has remained high throughout past decades. Although alcohol consumption is a known and persistent contributor to the burden of disease and interpersonal threat and may thus shape public attitudes towards consumption, no study to date has provided an overview of the prevalence of alcohol stigma and its association with (a) alcohol consumption and (b) harm attributable to alcohol across Europe. As a social reaction to thresholds of accepted use of alcohol, stigma could impact consumption, resulting in a reduced quantity or at least less harmful drinking patterns. This contribution provides an initial overview by addressing the following research questions. (i) What are the country-level prevalence rates of alcohol stigma compared across European countries? (ii) Is alcohol stigma associated with (a) alcohol consumption and (b) alcohol-attributable harm? (iii) Is there an association between alcohol stigma and alcohol consumption by type of beverage? Methods: We combined data on country-level desire for social distance towards “heavy drinkers” (European Values Survey, operationalization of “alcohol stigma”) with indicators of alcohol consumption, including adult per capita consumption (APC), heavy episodic drinking, consumption by type of beverage (wine, beer, spirits), and harm attributable to alcohol, namely age-standardized disability-adjusted life years lost to alcohol consumption (AADALYs) for 28 countries. Linear regression models were applied. Results: (i) Social distance varied noticeably across countries (M = 62.9%, SD = 16.3%) in a range of 28.3% and 87.3%. (ii) APC was significantly positive related to social distance (β = 0.55, p = 0.004). (iii) Wine consumption was significantly negative related to social distance; the opposite was true for spirits consumption. No association was found for beer consumption. The best model fit was achieved with APC (β = 0.48, p = 0.002) and wine per capita consumption (β = −0.55, p < 0.001) explaining 57.0% (adjusted R2) of the variance in social distance. Conclusion: Our study shows a strong relationship between country-level alcohol stigma and alcohol consumption. If stigma was to deter people from harmful alcohol consumption, it would be expected that higher levels of alcohol stigma are associated with lower levels of overall alcohol consumption or consumption of spirits in particular. Instead, stigma seems to be a reaction to harmful drinking patterns without changing these patterns for the better.
Infants Born to Mothers Who Were SARS-CoV-2 Positive during Pregnancy and Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Shah Prakesh S. , Joynt Chloe , Håkansson Stellan , Narvey Michael , Navér Lars , Söderling Jonas , Yang Junmin , Beltempo Marc , Stephansson Olof , Fell Deshayne B. , Money Deborah , Ting Joseph Y. , Norman Mikael ,   for CNN
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Our objective was to compare neonatal outcomes and resource use of neonates born to mothers with SARS-CoV-2 positivity during pregnancy with neonates born to mothers without SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Methods: We conducted a two-country cohort study of neonates admitted between January 1, 2020, and September 15, 2021, to tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Canada and Sweden. Neonates from mothers who were SARS-CoV-2 positive during pregnancy were compared with three randomly selected NICU neonates of mothers who were not test-positive, matched on gestational age, sex, and birth weight (±0.25 SD). Subgroup analyses were conducted for neonates born <33 weeks’ gestation and mothers who were SARS-CoV-2 positive ≤10 days prior to birth. Primary outcome was duration of respiratory support. Secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, neonatal morbidity, late-onset sepsis, receipt of breast milk at discharge, and length of stay. Results: There were 163 exposed and 468 matched neonates in Canada, and 303 exposed and 903 matched neonates in Sweden. There was no statistically significant difference in invasive or noninvasive respiratory support durations, mortality, respiratory and other neonatal morbidities, or resource utilizations between two groups in both countries in entire cohort and in subgroup analyses. Receipt of breast milk at discharge was lower in the Canadian neonates of mothers who were SARS-CoV-2 positive ≤10 days before birth (risk ratio 0.68, 95% CI: 0.57–0.82). Conclusion: Maternal SARS-CoV-2 positivity was not associated with increased durations of respiratory support, morbidities, mortality, or length of hospital stay in Canada and Sweden among neonates admitted to tertiary NICU.
Ver a floresta por suas árvores: visualizando plataformização e sua governança
Authors: Dijck José Van
Published: September 2022

As complexidades das plataformas estão cada vez mais em desacordo com os conceitos jurídicos e econômicos rígidos que fundamentam sua governança. Este artigo busca analisar a plataformização através da lente metafórica de uma árvore para entender os ecossistemas de informação como estruturas hierárquicas e interdependentes. Adotando uma abordagem holística à plataformização, essa metáfora visual pode inspirar um conjunto de princípios para remodelar o ecossistema de plataformas ao interesse da sociedade e do bem comum.
AcT Trial: Protocol for a Pragmatic Registry‐Linked Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sajobi Tolulope , Singh Nishita , Almekhlafi Mohammed A. , Buck Brian , Ademola Ayoola , Coutts Shelagh B. , Deschaintre Yan , Khosravani Houman , Appireddy Ramana , Moreau Francois , Phillips Stephen , Gubitz Gord , Tkach Aleksander , Catanese Luciana , Dowlatshahi Dar , Medvedev George , Mandzia Jennifer , Pikula Aleksandra , Shankar J.J. , Williams Heather , Field Thalia S. , Manosalva Alejandro , Siddiqui Muzaffar , Zafar Atif , Imoukhoude Oje , Hunter Gary , Sehgal Arshia , Zhang Qiao , Doram Craig , Hill Michael D. , Shamy Michel , Kenney Carol , Swartz Richard H. , Menon Bijoy K.
Published: September 2022

Background

Intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase is widely used in patients with acute ischemic stroke presenting early after symptom onset. Recent phase II trials have suggested that intravenous tenecteplase may be safer and associated with higher early reperfusion rates as compared with alteplase. This study investigates whether intravenous tenecteplase is noninferior to intravenous alteplase for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.

Methods

This is a pragmatic, registry‐linked, prospective, randomized (1:1) controlled, open‐label parallel group clinical trial (AcT [Alteplase Compared to Tenecteplase in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke]) with blinded end point assessment of 1600 patients to test if intravenous tenecteplase (0.25 mg/kg body weight, maximum dose 25 mg) is noninferior to intravenous alteplase (0.9 mg/kg body weight; maximum dose, 90 mg) in patients with acute ischemic stroke eligible for intravenous thrombolysis in clinical routine. Patients are recruited from comprehensive and primary stroke centers and enrolled using deferral of consent. The proposed sample has at least 90% power with a noninferiority margin of 5%, assuming incidence of the 90‐day modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 1 is 38% in the tenecteplase and 35% in the alteplase groups, and a loss to follow‐up rate <5%.

Results

The blinded primary end point is the proportion of subjects achieving a 90‐day modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 1. Key safety outcomes include 24‐hour symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and 90‐day all‐cause mortality. All serious adverse events within a 24‐hour period will be reported and coded using the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities. Outcomes are collected either centrally (primary, key secondary, and safety end points) or through ongoing Canadian stroke registries. The primary analysis is a simple unadjusted comparison of proportions.

Conclusions

Results from the trial will provide real‐world evidence of the effectiveness of intravenous tenecteplase versus alteplase in patients with acute ischemic stroke presenting early after stroke onset.
Subdivisions and crossroads: Identifying hidden community structures in a data archive’s citation network
Authors: Lafia Sara , Fan Lizhou , Thomer Andrea , Hemphill Libby
Published: September 2022

Data archives are an important source of high-quality data in many fields, making them ideal sites to study data reuse. By studying data reuse through citation networks, we are able to learn how hidden research communities—those that use the same scientific data sets—are organized. This paper analyzes the community structure of an authoritative network of data sets cited in academic publications, which have been collected by a large, social science data archive: the Interuniversity Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR). Through network analysis, we identified communities of social science data sets and fields of research connected through shared data use. We argue that communities of exclusive data reuse form “subdivisions” that contain valuable disciplinary resources, while data sets at a “crossroads” broadly connect research communities. Our research reveals the hidden structure of data reuse and demonstrates how interdisciplinary research communities organize around data sets as shared scientific inputs. These findings contribute new ways of describing scientific communities to understand the impacts of research data reuse.
Bethel, Dark Woods, and Taboo: 1 Kings 13 as a Cautionary Tale
Authors: Hong Koog P.
Published: September 2022

1 Kings 13 in its present form features key traits of the cautionary tale. Through a comparison with Little Red Riding Hood, it is argued that many of the enigmatic features of 1 Kings 13 dissolve when read as a cautionary tale. On the surface, this tale functions as a didactic tale that warns against the naïve trust of a stranger on the road. On a deeper level, it inevitably colors Bethel as a dangerous and unruly place that doomed the protagonist to a tragic death.
Taking Care of Orphans’ Properties: the Funds for Orphans in the Danube Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire (1864–78)
Authors: Manolova-Nikolova Nadya , Atanasov Hristiyan
Published: September 2022

The article discusses the funds for orphans (eytam sandıkları) in the Danube Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire during the 1860s and 1870s. Information from Ottoman and Bulgarian sources—registers (kondiki) of Orthodox church boards, official Ottoman yearbooks (salname), the loan register of the fund for orphans in the town of Trân, and others—has been collected, statistically processed and analysed. The macro- and micro-level analysis is focused on the capital and administrators (müdür) of the funds for orphans, while we also discuss the interest rates that they charged. A comparison with another credit institution (menafi-i umumiye sandıkları) allows us to point to differences that are essential for understanding credit practices in the Ottoman Empire in the period under consideration.
Weather Observations Reach the Summit of Mount Everest
Authors: Matthews Tom , Perry Baker , Khadka Arbindra , Sherpa Tenzing Gyalzen , Shrestha Dibas , Aryal Deepak , Tuldahar Subash , Thapa Nirakar , Pradhananga Niraj , Athans Peter , Sherpa Dawa Yangzum , Guy Heather , Seimon Anton , Elmore Aurora , Li Kristina , Alexiev Nicole
Published: September 2022

The predictability of the weather on Mount Everest’s upper slopes can be a matter of life or death for those trying to climb the world’s highest mountain, yet the performance of forecasts has been almost unknown due to a lack of surface observations. The extent to which climate change may be affecting this iconic location is also uncertain for the same reason. To address this data limitation, the National Geographic and Rolex Perpetual Planet Expedition installed the world’s highest weather station network (reaching within 420 m of the summit) on the Nepal side of Mount Everest in 2019. Its observations have already generated considerable advances in understanding the meteorological environment on the mountain’s upper slopes, but the network was compromised by damage to the highest stations in recent years. Here, we describe the expedition that upgraded the network and took it to new heights, focusing on the installation at the Bishop Rock (8,810 m MSL), just below the summit. Almost 70 years after Everest was first climbed successfully, we can now provide open access data to illuminate conditions at Earth’s highest climate frontier.