bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in Nursing Home Staff and Resident COVID-19 Cases and Mortality: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wisniak Ania , Menon Lakshmi Krishna , Dumont Roxane , Pullen Nick , Regard Simon , Dubos Richard , Zaballa María-Eugenia , Baysson Hélène , Courvoisier Delphine , Kaiser Laurent , Pittet Didier , Azman Andrew S. , Stringhini Silvia , Guessous Idris , Balavoine Jean-François , Kherad Omar ,   The SEROCoV-WORK + Study Group
Published: December 2021

The burden of COVID-19 has disproportionately impacted the elderly, who are at increased risk of severe disease, hospitalization, and death. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the association between SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among nursing home staff, and cumulative incidence rates of COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths among residents. Staff seroprevalence was estimated within the SEROCoV-WORK+ study between May and September 2020 across 29 nursing homes in Geneva, Switzerland. Data on nursing home residents were obtained from the canton of Geneva for the period between March and August 2020. Associations were assessed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient and quasi-Poisson regression models. Overall, seroprevalence among staff ranged between 0 and 31.4%, with a median of 8.3%. A positive association was found between staff seroprevalence and resident cumulative incidence of COVID-19 cases (correlation coefficient R = 0.72, 95%CI 0.45–0.87; incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.10, 95%CI 1.07–1.17), hospitalizations (R = 0.59, 95%CI 0.25–0.80; IRR = 1.09, 95%CI 1.05–1.13), and deaths (R = 0.71, 95%CI 0.44–0.86; IRR = 1.12, 95%CI 1.07–1.18). Our results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 transmission between staff and residents may contribute to the spread of the virus within nursing homes. Awareness among nursing home professionals of their likely role in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 has the potential to increase vaccination coverage and prevent unnecessary deaths due to COVID-19.
mDrop-Seq: Massively Parallel Single-Cell RNA-Seq of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans
Authors: Dohn Ryan , Xie Bingqing , Back Rebecca , Selewa Alan , Eckart Heather , Rao Reeta Prusty , Basu Anindita
Published: December 2021

Advances in high-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have been limited by technical challenges such as tough cell walls and low RNA quantity that prevent transcriptomic profiling of microbial species at throughput. We present microbial Drop-seq or mDrop-seq, a high-throughput scRNA-seq technique that is demonstrated on two yeast species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a popular model organism, and Candida albicans, a common opportunistic pathogen. We benchmarked mDrop-seq for sensitivity and specificity and used it to profile 35,109 S. cerevisiae cells to detect variation in mRNA levels between them. As a proof of concept, we quantified expression differences in heat shock S. cerevisiae using mDrop-seq. We detected differential activation of stress response genes within a seemingly homogenous population of S. cerevisiae under heat shock. We also applied mDrop-seq to C. albicans cells, a polymorphic and clinically relevant species of yeast with a thicker cell wall compared to S. cerevisiae. Single-cell transcriptomes in 39,705 C. albicans cells were characterized using mDrop-seq under different conditions, including exposure to fluconazole, a common anti-fungal drug. We noted differential regulation in stress response and drug target pathways between C. albicans cells, changes in cell cycle patterns and marked increases in histone activity when treated with fluconazole. We demonstrate mDrop-seq to be an affordable and scalable technique that can quantify the variability in gene expression in different yeast species. We hope that mDrop-seq will lead to a better understanding of genetic variation in pathogens in response to stimuli and find immediate applications in investigating drug resistance, infection outcome and developing new drugs and treatment strategies.
Environmental Background Values and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Watershed Sediments: A Comparison of Assessment Methods
Authors: Liao Jianbo , Cui Xinyue , Feng Hai , Yan Shangkun
Published: December 2021

The distribution and assessment of heavy metal pollution in sediments have been extensively studied worldwide. Risk assessment methods based on total content, background values, and sediment quality guidelines are widely applied but have never been compared. We systematically sorted out these evaluation methods, obtained evaluation results using actual monitoring data, and compared their applicability. The results showed that the background values of different metals are significantly different, which may depend on their mobility. Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) values invariably decreased with the increase of background values for individual heavy metal enrichment risk assessment. Compared with EF, Igeo also showed a significant positive linear correlation with heavy metal content. Pollution load index (PLI), modified contamination degree (mCd), and potential ecological risk index (RI) showed significant differences in response to background values and evaluation levels for the comprehensive risk of heavy metal enrichment, but their distribution trends along with the sampling points were basically identical. Toxic risk index (TRI), mean ERM quotient (mERMQ), and contamination severity index (CSI) were used to evaluate the damage degree of complex heavy metals to aquatic organisms and shared a similar whole-process distribution trend. The modified hazard quotient (mHQ), which is used to evaluate the toxicity of a single heavy metal to aquatic organisms, showed a significant positive linear correlation with the total content of each heavy metal, indicating that the toxic effect on organisms can be predicted through the direct monitoring. The results of this study have important guiding significance for the selection of evaluation methods for heavy metal pollution in sediments.
Water Use Characteristics of Two Dominant Species in the Mega-Dunes of the Badain Jaran Desert
Authors: Qin Jie , Si Jianhua , Jia Bing , Zhao Chunyan , Zhou Dongmeng , He Xiaohui , Wang Chunlin , Zhu Xinglin
Published: December 2021

The sparse natural vegetation develops special water use characteristics to adapt to inhospitable desert areas. The water use characteristics of such plants in desert areas are not yet completely understood. In this study, we compare the differences in water use characteristics between two dominant species of the Badain Jaran Desert mega-dunes—Zygophyllum xanthoxylum and Artemisia ordosica—by investigating δ2H and δ18O in plant xylem (the organization that transports water and inorganic salts in plant stems) and soil water, and δ13C in plant leaves. The results indicate that Z. xanthoxylum absorbed 86.5% of its water from soil layers below 90 cm during growing seasons, while A. ordosica derived 79.90% of its water from the 0–120 cm soil layers during growing seasons. Furthermore, the long-term leaf-level water use efficiency of A. ordosica (123.17 ± 2.13 μmol/mol) was higher than that of Z. xanthoxylum (97.36 ± 1.16 μmol/mol). The differences in water use between the two studied species were mainly found to relate to their root distribution characteristics. A better understanding of the water use characteristics of plants in desert habitats can provide a theoretical basis to assist in the selection of species for artificial vegetation restoration in arid areas.
Development and Assessment of Water-Level Prediction Models for Small Reservoirs Using a Deep Learning Algorithm
Authors: Kusudo Tsumugu , Yamamoto Atsushi , Kimura Masaomi , Matsuno Yutaka
Published: December 2021

In this study, we aimed to develop and assess a hydrological model using a deep learning algorithm for improved water management. Single-output long short-term memory (LSTM SO) and encoder-decoder long short-term memory (LSTM ED) models were developed, and their performances were compared using different input variables. We used water-level and rainfall data from 2018 to 2020 in the Takayama Reservoir (Nara Prefecture, Japan) to train, test, and assess both models. The root-mean-squared error and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency were estimated to compare the model performances. The results showed that the LSTM ED model had better accuracy. Analysis of water levels and water-level changes presented better results than the analysis of water levels. However, the accuracy of the model was significantly lower when predicting water levels outside the range of the training datasets. Within this range, the developed model could be used for water management to reduce the risk of downstream flooding, while ensuring sufficient water storage for irrigation, because of its ability to determine an appropriate amount of water for release from the reservoir before rainfall events.
Analysis of Small and Medium–Scale River Flood Risk in Case of Exceeding Control Standard Floods Using Hydraulic Model
Authors: Wang Zixiong , Sun Ya , Li Chunhui , Jin Ling , Sun Xinguo , Liu Xiaoli , Wang Tianxiang
Published: December 2021

Exceeding control standard floods pose threats to the management of small and medium–scale rivers. Taking Fuzhouhe river as an example, this paper analyzes the submerged depth, submerged area and arrival time of river flood risk in the case of exceeding control standard floods (with return period of 20, 50, 100 and 200 years) through a coupled one– and two–dimensional hydrodynamic model, draws the flood risk maps and proposes emergency plans. The simulation results of the one–dimensional model reveal that the dikes would be at risk of overflowing for different frequencies of floods, with a higher level of risk on the left bank. The results of the coupled model demonstrate that under all scenarios, the inundation area gradually increases with time until the flood peak subsides, and the larger the flood peak, the faster the inundation area increases. The maximum submerged areas are 42.73 km2, 65.95 km2, 74.86 km2 and 82.71 km2 for four frequencies of flood, respectively. The change of submerged depth under different frequency floods shows a downward–upward–downward trend and the average submerged depth of each frequency floods is about 1.4 m. The flood risk maps of different flood frequencies are created by GIS to analyze flood arrival time, submerged area and submerged depth to plan escape routes and resettlement units. The migration distances are limited within 4 km, the average migration distance is about 2 km, the vehicle evacuation time is less than 20 min, and the walking evacuation time is set to about 70 min. It is concluded that the flood risk of small and medium–scale rivers is a dynamic change process, and dynamic flood assessment, flood warning and embankment modification scheme should be further explored.
Legal Regulation Issues of Scientific Cooperation with Foreign Citizens and Foreign Organizations
Authors:   Russian Research Institute of Economics, Politics and Law in Science and Technology (RIEPL), Kulikov Dmitrii M. , Ulanov Egor D. ,   Scientific and Production Association Varya LLC; Russian Research Institute of Economics, Politics and Law in Science and Technology (RIEPL)
Published: December 2021

The article offers a general overview of the legal regulation of scientific cooperation with foreign citizens and foreign organizations in the context of the main legal problems of interaction of Russian scientific bodies with interested foreign subjects. During the work method of analysis, system-structural, formal-legal methods and a method of interpreting the rules of law were used.
The EAEU Demography and Human Capital: Trends and Losses in the Context of a Pandemic
Authors:   International Research Institute for Advanced Systems, Ageev Aleksandr I. ,   Institute for Economic Strategies,   MGIMO University,   MEPhI,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Zolotareva Olga A. ,   Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS (IDR FCTAS RAS); MIREA — Russian Technological University.
Published: December 2021

Demographic dynamics becomes crucially important for successful scenario of the future for both Eurasian integration and each EAEU member state. The “pandemic crisis” caused an increase in excess mortality, reduced social well-being and created serious legal and managerial conflicts. Within the EAEU new barriers to mobility and migration have emerged and social tension has increased. In the existing realities the current supranational solutions are insufficient, they are poorly focused on achieving the demographic security of the EAEU member states. Coordinated actions are needed to significantly improve the demographic situation in the EAEU.
Comparison of the Methodology of Statistical Observation in Tourism in the Russian Federation and European Countries
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Salin Viktor N. , Vakhrameeva Marina V. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Narbut Victoria V. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.
Published: December 2021

The need to harmonize national and international statistical practices in data collection and presentation is based on the desire for comparability of information. In the Russian Federation and the countries of the European Union, a different approach is used to organize and present the results of statistical observation of the tourism industry, including with respect to the classification of accommodation facilities for tourists, tourist trips according to their purposes. In Russia, they do not collect information on identifying the reasons why the citizens of these countries do not take part in tourism, nor do they register quality characteristics. Analysis of international experience shows that tourism statistics receive a lot of attention, with the focus on polling tourists and collective accommodation facilities. In the Russian system of statistical observation in the field of tourism, despite its constant improvement, there is still an acute shortage of data obtained on the basis of regular sample surveys.
Применение теории экономического доминирования к рынку программного обеспечения для автоматизации управления проектами
Authors:   ООО ", Кузнецова Елена Владимировна ,   НОРБИТ", Филюгина Екатерина Константиновна ,   Национальный исследовательский университет "Высшая школа экономики"
Published: December 2021

Исследован российский рынок программного обеспечения для автоматизации управления проектами. Выявлены структурные изменения, произошедшие на данном рынке под влиянием последствий пандемии COVID-19. Произведена категоризация участников рынка в соответствии с теорией экономического доминирования. Показано, что отнесение компаний к той или иной категории позволяет судить о преференциях, получаемых ими от своего положения, и определять их стратегию. На основе использования теории экономического доминирования сформулирован ряд прогнозных трендов для рассматриваемого рынка.
Анализ слияний и присоединений (рынка корпоративного контроля) госкорпорации "Росатом"
Authors:   Российский государственный геологоразведочный университет им. А.Н. Косыгина (Технологии. Дизайн. Искусство), Филатов Владимир Владимирович , Горин Денис Станиславович ,   МИРЭА - Российский технологический университет, Мариен Людмила Сергеевна ,   Российский экономический университет имени Г.В. Плеханова, Грипич Тимофей Андреевич ,   Московский городской университет управления Правительства Москвы им. Ю.М. Лужкова
Published: December 2021

В данной статье рассмотрены вопросы слияний и присоединений (рынка корпоративного контроля) госкорпорации «Росатом». Установлено, что госкорпорация «Росатом» - это многопрофильный холдинг, объединяющий активы в энергетике, машиностроении, строительстве. Проанализировав показатели рентабельности, авторы отмечают падение всех позиций рентабельности: продаж по чистой прибыли (ROS), активов по чистой прибыли (ROA) и собственного капитала по чистой прибыли (ROE) за 2019 г. Выявленный тренд означает, что эффективность использования компанией активов заметно упала, что говорит о неэффективном использовании финансовых ресурсов и отвлеченности менеджеров от основной стратегии госкорпорации (наращивание ресурсов). Предлагаются рекомендации по улучшению корпоративного управления госкорпорацией «Росатом», направленные на ориентирование управленческого персонала на основную стратегию корпорации, разграничение должностных полномочий менеджеров и повышение прозрачности корпоративной отчетности.
Исследование рынка платных услуг мезо экономического уровня в контексте экономической нестабильности
Authors:   Российская государственная академия интеллектуальной собственности, Шаматов Индус Кашипович , Жуковская Ирина Викторовна ,   Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет
Published: December 2021

В научной статье выявлены характерные особенности и черты конкурентного рынка платных услуг на мезо экономическом уровне на примере Республики Татарстан. Проведен анализ рынка платных услуг в разрезе финансово-экономических показателей в период активной фазы пандемии и нестабильности экономики. Исследование представленных данных было проведено на основе анкетирования респондентов субъектов малого и среднего бизнеса рынка платных услуг.
Социальные протесты как предпосылки экономической деградации
Authors:   ФГУП ", Бешлык Вячеслав Эдуардович ,   Охрана",   Росгвардии (Пермь), Светлаков Андрей Геннадьевич ,   Пермский государственный аграрно-технологический университет имени Д.Н. Прянишникова
Published: December 2021

В статье рассматривается взаимосвязь между социально-экономическими показателями, характеризующими уровень экономической безопасности государства, и ростом протестной активности населения. На основании социально-исторического анализа делается обобщающий вывод о том, что экономический спад, отражающий цикличность экономических процессов, закономерно влияет на снижение уровня жизни населения и продуцирует тем самым дальнейшее обеднение населения. На примере исторической аналогии с дореволюционной Россией приводятся данные расчетов, определяющие границы современной бедности. В свою очередь растущая экономическая дифференциация и бедность создают дугу социального напряжения и формируют благоприятную среду для проявления социальных протестов.
O DESENHO INFANTIL SOB A ÓTICA DE ARISTÓTELES E PLOTINO
Authors: Marcucci Fernanda
Published: December 2021

Este artigo propõe uma análise sobre o desenho infantil, usando como parâmetros as obras de Aristóteles e Plotino, especialmente a obra A Poética do primeiro autor. Para tanto, o objetivo é dissertar sobre o desenvolvimento do desenho ao longo da infância e por meio dele mostrar como os filósofos antigos como Aristóteles e Plotino dizem muito em suas obras sobre a arte atual, principalmente aquela trabalhada na escola.
A EFICIÊNCIA DA ARBORIZAÇÃO COMO MEDIDA COMPENSATÓRIA
Authors: Righi-Cavallaro Karina Ocampo , Vieira Matheus Gonçalves , Cavallaro Marcel Rodrigo , Simões Junior Orsival
Published: December 2021

Medidas compensatórias são aquelas destinadas a compensar impactos ambientais negativos e podem ser realizadas voluntariamente pelos responsáveis por esses impactos e/ou exigidas pelo órgão ambiental competente. Diante disso, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo fazer um diagnóstico qualitativo e quantitativo da do sucesso do incremento da arborização viária com recursos oriundos de medidas compensatórias, em oito bairros na cidade de Campo Grande/MS. Os resultados demonstraram que cerca de metade das mudas plantadas pela referida medida estavam ausentes. A análise de 112 ruas evidenciou a presença de 2.139 árvores da medida legal, e cerca de 30% das árvores demandam manutenção. Tais informações podem ser úteis ao planejamento da arborização viária do município, subsidiando a tomada de ações a serem realizadas.
Reduction of the Risk of Relapse of Symptoms When Using Esophagoprotector in Patients Requiring Temporary Cancellation of Antisecretory Therapy
Authors:   Ilyinsky Hospital, Kucheryavy Yu.A. ,   A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Movtaeva P.R. , Andreev D.N. , Shaburov R.I. , Dicheva D.T.
Published: December 2021

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of an esophagoprotector in reducing the risk of recurrent symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in patients who requiring temporary cancellation of therapy with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Material and methods. For the prospective comparative study there were selectively chose patients who had been taking PPIs for a long time (at least one month) for the underlying disease and who required temporary discontinuation of antisecretory therapy due to objective medical reasons. The study included patients with endoscopically and/or pH-metrically verified GERD, as well as histologically verified Barrett's esophagus. In the process of randomization of patients, two equal groups were formed, depending on the therapy received at the time of PPI withdrawal: group 1 received antacids on demand, group 2 received antacids on demand, as well as the esophagoprotector Alfasoxx at a dose of 10 ml four times a day (after each meal and at night). The follow-up period was two weeks. The patients recorded episodes of heartburn in their personal diaries. Results. The study included 60 patients (28 men and 32 women). The average age of the examined patients was 43.1 ± 5.3 years. By the end of the two-week follow-up period, the frequency of recurrent symptoms in group 1 was 36.7%, while in group 2 it was 13.3%. The use of the esophagoprotector Alfasoxx contributed to the significant regression of the risk of heartburn recurrence (odds ratio 0.2657; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.07328-0.9637; p = 0.0438) in comparison with the group of patients who received only antacids in the on-demand mode. When analyzing the population of patients who had relapsed symptoms, it was demonstrated that the average number of heartburn episodes in group 1 was 6.18 (95% CI 4,1930-8,1706), and in group 2 – 4.50 (95% CI 0,7121-8,2879). Conclusion. This prospective comparative study demonstrated that the use of the esophagoprotector Alfasoxx helps to reduce the risk of relapse of GERD symptoms in patients requiring temporary cancellation of PPI therapy.
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Postoperative Hypothyroidism in Women: Clinical and Pathogenetic Parallels
Authors:   Tver State Medical University, Dzhulay G.S. , Shchelochenkov S.V. , Guskova O.N. ,   LLC "Paracelsus", Tver
Published: December 2021

Objective – to establish the clinical and pathogenetic patterns of the formation and course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in women with postoperative hypothyroidism. Material and methods. In a single-stage study of the "case-control" type of 170 women (Me aged 50 years), anthropometric data, parameters of carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism, liver function tests were studied in the presence and absence of postoperative hypothyroidism. Results. It was found that in 86.2% of women with postoperative hypothyroidism, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease develops mainly in the form of steatohepatosis without distinct functional liver disorders. Insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemia are found in the vast majority of them, the degree of their severity is determined by the presence of excess body weight with android and intermediate types of fat distribution. The greatest diagnostic value in the aspect of the probability of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic disorders have a body mass index of Ketle and the ratio of the waist to the circumference of the hips. For the detection of metabolic disorders, the most significant insulin resistance index HOMA-IR, HDL, VLDL, ApoB, ApoB/ApoA1 index. Conclusion. In women with postoperative hypothyroidism in 86.2% of cases non-alcoholic fatty liver disease develops mainly in the form of steatohepatosis, characterized by a oligosymptomatic course without distinct functional liver disorders, the development of insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemia, the severity of which is determined by the body mass index and the type of fat distribution
The Effectiveness of Topical Drugs with a Personalized Approach in the Treatment of Chronic Dermatoses
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, Konnov P.E. , Arsenieva A.A.
Published: December 2021

At present, dermatologists’ arsenal has been significantly enriched with new highly effective drugs able to improve significantly the treatment of chronic immune-dependent dermatoses, in particular – atopic dermatitis and microbial eczema. The article discusses topical external agents for the treatment of patients with chronic dermatoses
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: How to Avoid Mistakes in Patient’s Curation
Authors:   Omsk State Medical University, Livzan M.A. , Krolevets T.S. , Kostoglod T.V. , Kostoglod A.V.
Published: December 2021

The high prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its association with diseases of the metabolic profile causes the interest of doctors of various specialties in the management of patients with this pathology. Due to the accumulation of data on risk factors and disease progression, approaches and attitudes about previously harmless pathology have evolved to understand its potential danger. The formation of the correct approach to the management of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a priority task. In this publication, we have analyzed and systematized data from literature concerning the most common problems (mistakes) in the curation of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Autoimmune Gastritis: Unresolved Diagnostic Issues, the Importance of Intraluminal Endoscopy
Authors:   Tver State Medical University, Shchelochenkov S.V. ,   A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center,   A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Guskova O.N. , Kolbasnikov S.V. , Bordin D.S.
Published: December 2021

Autoimmune gastritis remains an insufficiently studied disease with an unknown prevalence and nonspecific clinical picture. Autoimmune gastritis is associated with other autoimmune diseases and characterized by an increased risk of developing neuroendocrine and epithelial tumors of the stomach. The diagnostic criteria for autoimmune gastritis are not clearly defined, the diagnosis is based on the detection of specific antibodies and morphological verification, while the value of intraluminal endoscopy has not been established. The article describes the characteristic signs of autoimmune gastritis, detected during routine endoscopic examination and with the use of magnifying and narrow-spectrum imaging. The clinical observation is presented.
İnkomplet partisyon tip II bulunan unilateral ve bimodal koklear implant kullanıcılarının konuşma, uzaysal algı ve işitme kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AKKAPLAN Selvet , ÖZBAL BATUK Merve , DİNÇER D’ALESSANDRO Hilal , SENNAROĞLU Gonca
Published: December 2021

Evaluation of the speech, spatial and qualities of hearing in unilateral and bimodal cochlear implant users with incomplete partition type II Objective: The aim of this study was to perform a scale-based assessment of the hearing abilities of cochlear implant users with IP type II malformation and normal cochlea, including discrimination, orientation, and positioning of speech and environmental sounds in their environment. Material and Methods: A total of 30 cochlear implant users, 15 participants with IP-II inner ear anomalies and 15 participants with normal cochlea, aged 18-55 years were included in this study. All participants included in the study are unilateral CI and bimodal users. Participants were assessed using the Speech, Spatial, and Hearing Qualities Scale (SSQ). Results: When cochlear implant users with IP-II malformations and cochlear implant users with normal cochlea individually scored auditory abilities, the results were similar. It was observed that bimodal listeners tended to have all subdomains and overall SSQ scores compared to use of unilateral CI. Conclusion: It is very important to benefit from the advantages of binaural hearing in hearing sounds. It is thought that the use of scales as well as routine audiological evaluation batteries in the follow-up processes of cochlear implant users will be beneficial for audiologists. Keywords: Cochlear implant, speech perception, spatial perception, hearing quality
An unexpected complication: Acute recanalization of carotico-jugular arteriovenous fistulas previously treated by endovascular therapy
Authors: YILDIRIM Funda , AMANVERMEZ ŞENARSLAN Dilşad , DAMAR Abdülkerim
Published: December 2021

Traumatic arteriovenous fistulas of the neck are treated by the endovascular method or by open surgery according to the clinical presentation of the patient and the degree of emergency. This case report concerns two delayed onset neck fistulas, one between the right common carotid artery and the right internal jugular vein, and the other between the facial artery and the right jugular vein, caused by a previous penetrating neck trauma. Initially, the AV fistula was treated by endovascular intervention using multiple vascular plugs and a covered stent. In this case report, we describe the surgical method we performed on a patient who applied to the emergency department with syncope due to acute recanalization of the old fistula tract four years later.
Yavaş Koroner Akımı Olan Hastalarda Endotelyal Nitrik Oksit Sentaz Gen Polimorfizmin (T-786C) Araştırılması
Authors: YÜCEL Habil , DOĞAN Abdullah
Published: December 2021

Giriş ve Amaç: Yavaş koroner akım (YKA), koroner anjiyografide tıkayıcı lezyon yokluğunda koroner arterlerde opak maddenin gecikmesiyle karakterizedir. Patofizyolojik mekanizmaları belirsizdir. YKA için çeşitli hipotezler sürülmüştür; aterosklerozun erken fazının bir formu, mikrovasküler disfoksiyon, inflamasyon, vazokonstriktör ve vazodilatör faktörler arasındaki dengesizlik ve tromobist fonksiyon bozukluğudur. Endotelyal nitrik oksit sentaz (eNOS) geni T-786C polimorfizminin birçok damarsal hastalıkla ilişkisi bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı YKA ile eNOS gen T-786C polimorfizmi arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Koroner arterleri normal ancak YKA olan 40 hasta (ortalama yaş 52 ± 9 yıl), koroner arter hastalığı (KAH) olan 35 hasta (ortalama yaş 55 ± 9 yıl) ve koroner anjiyografisi normal olan 30 hasta (ortalama yaş 51 ± 8 yıl) çalışmaya alındı. Sol ön inen arterde, TIMI kare sayısı 40 ve üzeri olması YKA olarak kabul edildi. eNOS geni T-786C polimorfizmleri polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu ile analiz edildi. Çalışma gruplarının demografik özellikleri ve ateroskleroz için major risk faktörleri değerlendirildi. YKA ve KAH ciddiyeti etkilenen damar sayısına göre değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Gruplar arasında yaş ve cinsiyet açısından anlamlı fark yoktu. Sigara içme yüzdesi, KAH grubunda diğer gruplardan daha yüksekti. Gruplar arasında genotip dağılımında istatiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu. YKA grubunda genotip dağılımı; TT genotip sıklığı 25 (%62,5), TC genotip sıklığı 12 (%30) ve CC genotip sıklığı 3’tü (%7,5). KAH grubunda genotip dağılımı; TT genotip sıklığı 16 (%45,7), TC genotip sıklığı 16 (%45,7) ve CC genotip sıklığı 3’tü (%8,5). Kontrol grubunda genetip dağılımı; TT genotip sıklığı 17 (%56,6), TC genotip sıklığı 10 (%33,3) ve CC genotip sıklığı 3’tü (%10). Dominat ve resesif modellerin istatiksel analizinde gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark yoktu.

Sonuç: Bulgularımız eNOS gen T-786C polimorfizmi ile YKA arasında anlamı bir ilişki olmadığını göstermektedir.
Sağlıklı Yetişkinler için Sedanter Davranış Anketinin Türkçe Kültürel Adaptasyonu ve Güvenirliği
Authors: KARA KAYA Begüm , ZENGİN ALPÖZGEN Ayşe
Published: December 2021

Giriş ve Amaç: Sedanter Davranış Anketi’nin (SDA), 18-64 yaş arası sağlıklı bireylerde Türkçe kültürel adaptasyonunu ve güvenirlik çalışmasını yapmaktır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 220 (136 kadın, 84 erkek, yaş ort. 30,86±11,01 yıl) sağlıklı gönüllü dahil edildi. Hafta içi (Hİ) ve sonu (HS) olmak üzere toplamda 22 maddeden oluşan SDA’nın Türkçeye adaptasyonu 5 aşamada gerçekleştirildi: 1)İki kişi tarafından İngilizceden Türkçeye çeviri, 2)Ön çevirilerin karşılaştırılması ve düzenlenmesi, 3)Düzenlenen anketin Türkçeden İngilizceye çevrilmesi, 4)Çevirinin orijinal anketle karşılaştırılması, anketlerin harmonizasyonu, 5)Beş kişiye pilot uygulama ile anketin nihai hale getirilmesi. Benzer ölçek olan Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi kısa formu (UFAA-KF) oturma bölümüyle SDA arasında Pearson korelasyon bakılarak, anketin yapısal geçerliliği test edildi. Yedi gün arayla doldurulan SDA’nın güvenirliği, %95 güven aralığında (CI) test-retest ve iç tutarlılık katsayıları (ICC) ile değerlendirildi. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 24.0 kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Yapısal geçerlik değerlendirildiğinde SDA-Hİ, HS ve toplam süreler ile UFAA-KF oturma süresi arasındaki korelasyon sırasıyla, r=0,254, p
Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesinde Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon
Authors: YAŞAR Pınar , BAŞKURT Zeliha
Published: December 2021

Çocukluk çağı obezitesi, beslenme değişiklikleri ve fiziksel inaktiviteye bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan, prevalansı gittikçe artan ciddi bir problemdir. Çocukluk çağında obezitenin neden olduğu kardiyorespiratuar ve metabolik hastalıklar yetişkinlik dönemi için de büyük tehlike oluşturmaktadır. Çocuklarda fiziksel aktivitenin azalmasıyla, aşırı kilo veya obezite ihtimali daha da artmaktadır. Fiziksel aktivitenin sürdürülmesi, doğru beslenme ve uykunun düzenlenmesi ile çocukluk çağı obezitesine yönelik koruyucu rehabilitasyon sağlanmaktadır. Doğru beslenme için, besin değeri düşük, yüksek kalorili yiyecekler yerine sebze ve meyve gibi lifli gıdaların tercih edilmesi gerekmektedir. Çocuklarda kaliteli uyku beden kitle indeksinin korunması ve obezitenin önlenmesinde büyük bir yardımcıdır. Düzenli fiziksel aktivitenin çocuklarda kemik gelişimi ve kilo kontrolünü sağladığı bilinmektedir. Çocukluk çağında yapılan düzenli egzersiz vücut kompozisyonun geliştirilmesi ve kardiyometabolik sağlığın sürdürülmesini sağlamaktadır. Çocuklara egzersiz alışkanlığının kazandırılması ve okulda yapılabilecek çeşitli egzersizlerle fiziksel aktivitenin artırılması hedeflenmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı çocuklar için önerilebilecek alternatif egzersizler olan aerobik egzersizler, pilates, yoga, yüksek yoğunluklu aralıklı antrenman (HIIT) ve sanal gerçeklik uygulamalarını incelemektir.
CAPACIDAD ABSORBENTE DE ALMIDONES DE CINCO ESPECIES BOLIVIANAS ALIMENTARIAS
Authors:   Food Chemistry Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Chemical Sciences Department, Facultad de Ciencias Puras y Naturales FCPN, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés UMSA, P.O. Box 303, Calle Andres Bello s/n, Ciudad Universitaria Cota Cota, La Paz, Bolivia., Valdivieso Fabiola R , Mollinedo Portugal Patricia A. ,   Food Chemistry Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Chemical Sciences Department, Facultad de Ciencias Puras y Naturales FCPN, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés UMSA, P.O. Box 303, Calle Andres Bello s/n, Ciudad Universitaria Cota Cota, La Paz, Bolivia.
Published: December 2021

Se analizó almidones de cinco diferentes orígenes botánicos: papa (Solanum tuberosum), quinua (Chenopodium quinoa), yuca (Manihot esculenta), trigo (Triticum aestivum) y arroz (Oryza sativa) como muestra estándar. Se obtuvo valores de humedad, características de gelatinización, porcentaje de amilosa y amilopectina, morfología del gránulo de almidón y retrogradación, para determinar la relación entre las mismas con la capacidad absorbente de cada almidón. Los resultados mostraron que el almidón de quinua retrogradado es el de máxima capacidad absorbente. Este almidón presenta un gránulo de almidón más pequeño, una relación más alta de amilosa y amilopectina (mayor porcentaje de amilopectina) y un bajo grado de gelatinización. La retrogradación favorece la absorción debido a la ruptura de los gránulos permitiendo que las moléculas de agua sean más fácilmente retenidas en la estructura. Aun así, los demás tipos de almidón también llegan a tener capacidad absorbente inmediata.
EUCALIPTOL Y ALFA PINENO, PRODUCTOS NATURALES CON ACTIVIDAD ANTIVIRAL. MÉTODO DE PREVENCIÓN PERSONAL ANTICOVID-19 BASADO EN ACEITES ESENCIALES; LIMPIEZA ACUOSA, NASAL, ORAL Y MANUAL [3XAL]. CORONAVIRUS: DESINFECCIÓN AMBIENTAL POR EUCALIPTO
Authors:   Natural Product Laboratory, Phytochemistry, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Chemical Sciences Department, Facultad de Ciencias Puras y Naturales FCPN, Universidad Mayor de San Andres UMSA, P.O. Box 303, Calle Andrés Bello s/n, Ciudad Universitaria Cota Cota, La Paz, Bolivia., Bravo José A. , Vila José L. ,   Natural Product Laboratory, Synthesis, Hemisynthesis and Green Chemistry, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Chemical Sciences Department, Facultad de Ciencias Puras y Naturales FCPN, Universidad Mayor de San Andres UMSA, P.O. Box 303, Calle Andrés Bello s/n, Ciudad Universitaria Cota Cota, La Paz, Bolivia., Bonté Frédéric ,   Pharmaceutical Sciences, 54 rue Tudelle 45100 Orleans France.
Published: December 2021

Basados en una rigurosa revisión bibliográfica actualizada sobre las características de la propagación de COVID 19, presentamos para su divulgación nuestro método empírico de prevención de la infección viral. Este método fue anteriormente expuesto en una publicación previa en Revista Boliviana de Química (junio de 2020) por el autor corresponsal del presente artículo, y está basado en la triple alianza abreviada como 3XAL, o higiene nasal, bucal y manual en contraste con la sola higiene manual proclamada por las autoridades sanitarias de Bolivia y del mundo. Aparte de la 3XAL, es crucialmente importante e impactante el uso sostenido de la preparación galénica (VicksVapoRub® or Mentholatum® or Mentisan®) en base a productos naturales, aceites esenciales, en la prevención del desarrollo viral en el sistema respiratorio. Esta pomada de uso tópico no solo presenta un amplio espectro de actividad antiviral, antibacteriano y antiinflamatorio, sino que ha demostrado para dos de sus cuatro principios activos tener actividad específica contra coronavirus COVID 19, lo que lo convierte en un eficaz antiviral para prevención y terapia contra COVID 19. La presente publicación concluye con el uso del aceite esencial de Eucaliptus globulus (la especie de este género más difundida en el mundo) y otras especies vegetales, que contiene como principio antiviral mayoritario al eucaliptol, en su uso como desinfectante de espacios cerrados y sin ventilación, en un contexto hogareño o laboral.
Effect of Organizational Justice on Turnover Intention: Mediating Role of Employee Motivation
Authors: MUHAMMAD YOUNAS  , IMRAN SAEED  , GHAYYUR QADIR  , SAIF ULLAH KHAN
Published: December 2021

Turnover is a substantial problem all over the world, in all the industries. The problem is further impairing to the performance of knowledge intensive industries such as pharmaceuticals. This study examined the effect of Organizational justice facets i.e. Procedural Justice, Distributive Justice and Interactional Justice on Turnover Intention. Based on a sample of 141employees from 19 Private sector pharmaceutical companies located in Peshawar. The results reveal that Procedural Justice and Distributive Justice have significant and constructive effect on Turnover Intention while of Interactional Justice had no statistically significant effect. The analysis also shows that Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation as mediating variables significant effect on relationship between Organizational and Turnover Intentions.
The Impact of Debt Capacity on Firm’s Growth: (A Case Study of Selected Firms from Pharmaceutical Industry in Pakistan)
Authors: IHTESHAM KHAN  , SYED WAQAR AHMAD SHAH  , ASAD KHAN
Published: December 2021

The ultimate goal of all activities within organizations is to achieve higher growth and finding new sources for mounting firm capital. This study aims to investigate debt capacity as the source of firm capital and its impact on firm’s growth. The objectives of this research to shows the relationship between market to book ratio and debt to asset ratio. Multiple liner regression is used between Growth and book leverage. By selected pharmaceutical sector that has been listed at Karachi stock exchange in Pakistan. In this research 8 companies are selected that are listed at Karachi Stock Exchange during the period of 2005-2014. In this paper secondary data is used. The result reveals a significant positive relationship between the debt to asset ratio and market to book ratio and debt to asset ratio. It displays that there is no negative effect of debt capacity on firm’s growth.
Ownership Structure and Its Impact on Dividend Policy: A Case of Non–Financial Companies in Pakistan
Authors: ABDUL LATIF  , MUHAMMAD TAHIR KHAN  , MUHAMMAD NISAR KHAN
Published: December 2021

This article focus on one of important corporate decision that can have a great impact on the sentiments of the investor’s i.e. corporate dividend policy. This study investigates the determinants of the corporate dividend policy in the context of agency relation. The analysis of the study has based on the random sample of eighty firms from the listed companies in Pakistan, for the period of eight years ranging from 2003 to 2012. Stepwise multiple regressions have used to investigate for the relationship of ownership variables with the dividend payouts. The empirical results suggested that there has a negative relationship between the dividend payouts and managerial share ownership and thus these are alternative tools that can be used to minimize the agency problem. And also where there has positive relationship between the institutional suggested that the higher has their shareholdings the higher will be the firm dividend payouts that will leads to less availability of the cash flows with the opportunities managers to expropriate the shareholders wealth.
Factors Influencing Dividend Payout Ratio: Evidence from KSE 100 Index Pakistan
Authors: MANZOOR ALI  , MUHAMMAD ISRAR  , ADNAN KHAN  , DR. JEHANGIR
Published: December 2021

This research is an effort to make known the insight dynamics for determination of Dividend Payout regarding Non-Financial Firms listed in the KSE100 Index. In light of prior literature, key explanatory variables were identified to reveal their relationship and effect on determination of dividend payout. These variables are Changes in stock prices, Previous year dividend, Change in current year earnings and Change in sales. Through observation, 42 such companies were identified from the listed non-financial firms in the Karachi Stock Exchange that have been paying out dividend consistently for the past period from 2006 to 2014. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) was identified as the most appropriate tool for econometric analysis of the data. The descriptive statistics revealed the data to be normal. OLS result shows insignificant negative relationship of changes in sales and changes in stock prices with dividend payout ratio. Change in current year earning has significant negative relationship with dividend payout ratio while previous year dividend has significant relationship with dividend payout ratio. Since Dividend is an unsolved puzzle, thus there is implication for future research. Many other variables that have significance in context of Pakistan and past literature can be added to this regression to increase the explanatory power of the model.
The Impact of Share Pricing on Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: MUHAMMAD ILYAS  , DR.SHAHID JAN  , MUHMMAD NISAR KHAN
Published: December 2021

Researchers examined the impact of share pricing on firms performance in Pakistan. Selected 98 firms from five different sectors listed on Karachi Stock exchange1 . Selected sample on the bases of availability of complete data of sample firms during period of this study (2006-2011). Data used are secondary in nature and source of data is balance sheet analysis of listed firms. Used Net profit margin as depended variable while earnings per share used as independent variable and return on assets overhe1 ads and earnings before interest and tax used as control variables. For analysis used Panel data techniques as fixed and random effect models. On the basis of Hauseman effect test select fixed effect model for analysis and concluded that the impact of earnings per share, earnings before interest tax and overheads are significant on net profit margin. However, impact of return on assets on net profit margin is insignificant.
The Effect of Personality Traits on Organizational Commitment: Moderating Role of Distributive Justice: A Case of Public Sector Female Colleges of District Peshawar
Authors: IMRAN SAEED  , GHAYYUR QADIR  , GHAYYUR QADIR
Published: December 2021

Many studies have been conducted on personality traits in different organizations and an in different culture, different region and in different countries. The current study is talk about the two traits of personality i.e agreeableness and neuroticism and their effect on employee organizational commitment. And the main contribution of this study is to introduce distributive justice as a moderator variable. Data was collected from public sector female colleges of a Peshawar district. The sample size of this study was (n=120) and the data was cross-sectional in nature. The results reveal that the direct effect of agreeableness and distributive justice on organizational commitment is significant and positive while neuroticism has insignificant effect on organizational commitment. While the combined effect shows that both interactions terms has positive and significant effect on organizational commitment.
What Determines Price-to-Earnings Ratios: An Empirical Evidence from Banking Sector of Pakistan
Authors: SAFDAR HUSSAIN TAHIR  , MUHAMMAD RIZWAN ULLAH  , DR. SAID SHAH
Published: December 2021

It is of greater importance to understand the factors influencing P/E ratio for the fund managers, decision makers, market analysts and individual investors. Variability in shares prices and investment opportunities in Pakistani listed banking firms motivate to examine the determinants of P/E ratio using time-series as well as panel data analysis for the period of 2007 to 2014. The findings of panel data indicate significant variation in P/E ratio due to MktRtrn, VMP and SIZE. DP ratio is found to be the most influential determinant of P/E ratio indicating the willingness of investors to invest more funds in those banking firms paying greater dividends. Empirical outcomes of time-series analysis for banking industry represent that DP ratio is the super most imperative determinant of P/E ratio. Findings also indicate that P/E ratio vary across years and influence the investor’s investment decision. The findings of the study facilitate the decision makers by investigating the most significant determinant of P/E ratio of banking firms in order to attract attention of investors and increase their confidence to choose these firms in their portfolios.