bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN EFISIENSI TEKNIS USAHATANI BAWANG MERAH DI KECAMATAN GUNUNG ALIP KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Putri Imelda Pratiwi , Arifin Bustanul , Murniati Ktut
Published: December 2021

Shallots are one of the unsubstituted agricultural commodities. The author is drawn to the onion commodity because of the many public complaints related to fluctuations in the price of shallots and their limited availability, especially on religious holidays and year-end. In addition, the availability of production factors is also often complained by farmers. Gunung Alip District is one of the districts that has the largest onion production in Tanggamus District, but its productivity is lower than that in other districts. The purpose of this study was to analyze agricultural income and technical efficiency of shallot farming in third season in Gunung Alip district, Tanggamus district. Data collection was carried out from March to April 2019. The research location was in Gunung Alip Subdistrict with the consideration that Gunung Alip Subdistrict is the area that has the largest area of harvest and onion production in Tanggamus Regency. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. Sampling is done by census method because all populations are sampled. The results stated that the onion farming was technically efficient. Income from cash costs and total costs obtained by farmers is IDR65,150,679.27 and IDR56,773,414.27 per hectare with R/C over cash costs 2.60 and R/C over total costs 2.16.Key words: income, technical efficiency, shallots farming
Classification of non-mechanical vehicles
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Blinder M. M.
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to analyze the non-mechanical vehicles, in particular, bicycles. There were studied existing foreign classifications of non-mechanical two-wheeled vehicles (bicycles) and specified the characteristics affecting their formation. Conclusions were made about the need to develop a classification of non-mechanical vehicles (NMV) based on the study proposed a classification of NMV for the Russian Federation.
Evaluation of the interaction of tyre tread with asphalt concrete coating depending on weather-climatic conditions
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Gladushevskiy I. S.
Published: December 2021

The tyre tread coupling with the road surface depends on a number of both external and internal factors. The controllability of the vehicle depends on the interaction between two materials. The article considers various tyre tread characteristics, the values of the coupling coefficients are determined for the tyre tread of M1 category vehicles during operation on different road conditions. The interaction of a new and worn tyre tread with the road surface has been assessed with vehicles driving on the asphalt concrete surface, taking into account weather conditions.
Effective application condition of exclusive pedestrian phases
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) National Research University mgsu.ru, Mikhailov A. Yu. , Shesterov E. A. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: December 2021

This article analyses researches of the effectiveness of exclusive pedestrian phases and diagonal pedestrian crossings. The conditions for effective use of exclusive pedestrian phases and diagonal pedestrian crossings, as well as the traffic and pedestrians` conflicting volumes require clarification based on special research data, the relevance of which is obvious.
Urbanism of the New Era - «Big Projects»: Amsterdam and St. Petersburg
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Molotkova E. G.
Published: December 2021

The article presents a comparative analysis of urban planning complexes that turned out to be the first large objects of urbanization in Europe referring to the New Era. The introduction of a systematic approach to the development of vast wetlands and formation of an elite-type living environment is considered. The author reveals the characteristic features of residential buildings` morphotypes in St. Petersburg and Amsterdam referring to the early XVIII century and emphasizes the significance of the connectivity of territories and transport communications. The difference in the resources involved is noted, which is reflected in the project concepts and in the methodology for implementing the project. The article is the first part of a block of two articles.
Application of additives-accelerators of cement concrete hardening in the construction of roads in Afghanistan
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Eshansada Said M.
Published: December 2021

The development and improvement of the road network is a strategic task of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. To develop the sparsely populated territories of the country, it is necessary to build and repair thousands of kilometers of highways, a significant part of which is located in the piedmont and mountainous areas. Considering the fact that the Republic of Afghanistan is characterized by a dry and hot climate, as well as a variety of soil and hydrological conditions, one of the main road building materials for solving this problem is road cement concrete, which has recently become the subject of intensive research. This article presents the results of researching the effect of the Adinol Rapid 2H additive (which is a hardening accelerator additive) on the technological properties of the concrete mixture and the strength of cement concrete.
The Effect of Weight Training Using Tools on Chest Pass Ability
Authors: Devira Yolly , - Witarsyah
Published: December 2021

The problem in this research is the lack of ability of the athlete basketball chest pass Batavia club Padang. The purpose of this study to determine the effect of weight training is there to use the tool in the ability of the athlete basketball chest pass Batavia club Padang. This study is a quasi-experimental research. The research was conducted on July 4 until August 7th, 2019 in Padang Development high school basketball court. The population in this study as many as 22 people consisting of 10 sons and 12 daughters. The sample in this study is the son of basketball athletes sma level of development of Padang about 10 people. The study was conducted as many as 16 times in one week a meeting where there are four times the exercise. Instruments in this study using Wallbounce Basketball Passing Test. Data analysis techniques in this study using the formula t test. From the research and hypothesis testing can be concluded that there is a significant effect of strength training using a tool on the ability of the athlete basketball chest pass Batavia club Padang
Exercising Interest in the Middle Age Group
Authors: Haryanto Jeki , Welis Wilda
Published: December 2021

This research begins with a phenomenon that occurs in Air Hangat Subdistrict, Kerinci Regency, which shows that a lack of interest to do sport in the middle age group (45-59 years old). This study aims to find out how interested this age group is in exercising. This type of research is a cross-sectional survey research that is describes a particular situation or situation as it is with the process of taking data only takes place at one time. The subjects in this study are the elderly who are in the middle age category, namely the elderly who are in the age range of 45 - 59 years who do sports in the Air Hangat subdistrict of Kerinci Regency (N=33). The sampling technique used in this research is sensus sampling which mean making the entire population as a sample. The data in this study was collocted using a Guttman scale questionnaire. The data is analysed using descriptive statistics. Based on the results of data analysis, it shows that the interest of the elderly in the middle age group to exercise is in the sufficient category. This is due to the lack of knowledge and role of the family, so their interest needs to be increased again with the hope that in the future this age group will be healthier.
Pelaksanaan Latihan Beban di Axel Fitness
Authors: Usman Jamal , _ Argantos
Published: December 2021

Masalah dalam penelitian adalah metode latihan beban di Axel fitness Kecamatan Guguak, Kabupaten 50 Kota masih banyak yang salah.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui metode latihan beban member yang memakai jasa personal trainer, kualitas personal trainer dan sarana prasarana dalam latihan beban di Axelfitness Kecamatan Guguak, Kabupaten 50 Kota.Metode penelitian adalah penelitian kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi.Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis kualitatif yang mencakup tiga kegiatan bersamaan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan menarik kesimpulan.Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan yaitu:Metode latihan beban member yang memakai jasa personal trainer sudah sesuai dengan metode latihan beban, akan tetapi masih ada beberapa teknik yang harus di perbaiki seperti pernafasan dan prinsip latihan. Selanjutnya kualitas personal trainer dalam latihan beban cukup baik, dapat dilihat personal trainer memiliki prestasi di cabang binaraga akan tetapi personal trainer tidak memiliki lisensi  dan tidak membekali member dengan program latihan beban. danSarana dan prasarana dalam latihan beban di Axel fitness cukup lengkap. Sarana yang ada diantaranya  alat latihan baban mesin pivot, mesin CAM dan beban bebas dan prasarana  diantaranya: Ruangan latihan beban, tempat parkir, Ruang ganti,Locker atau tempat menyimpat barang.
Overview of Emotional Intelligence of Cricket Athlete
Authors: Azim Muhammad
Published: December 2021

The problem in this study is that the level of intelligence of cricket athletes in West Sumatra is unknown, in certain sports in the cricket branch, someone who has intelligence is still not enough, but must communicate with maturity and can send it in a positive direction. This study aims to describe the level of intelligence of cricket athletes in west sumatra seen and reviewed from self-awareness, self-motivation, motivation, empathy, and social skills. The type of this research is classified into descriptive research, with the total funds of all cricket athletes in west sumatra is 20 athletes. The technique used in this study is the total sampling technique with 20 sample whereas the data analysis used a percentage technique. The results of this study show and reveal that the emotional intelligence of cricket athlete in west sumatra are self-awareness, self-motivation, motivation, empathy, and social skills at 75% then the results of this research is the cricket athletes in west sumatra do not have good emotional intelligence.
The Relationship Between Learning Motivation and Learning Outcomes of 3 IN 1 Training Participants of Manual Embroidery Clothing
Authors: Nilam Reno , Setiawati Setiawati
Published: December 2021

This research was motivated by the low learning outcomes of the training participants who participated in the 3 in 1 manual embroidery fashion decoration training at the Padang Industrial Training Center. This is presumably because the trainees have low motivation. The purpose of this study was to see (1) a description of the learning motivation of the training participants in participating in the 3 in 1 manual embroidery fashion decoration training. (2) description of the learning outcomes of participants in 3 in 1 manual embroidery fashion decoration training (3) the relationship between learning motivation and learning outcomes of participants in 3 in 1 manual embroidery fashion decoration training at the Padang Industrial Training Center. This research is a correlational study with a quantitative approach. The population of this study was 70 training participants and the sample in this study was taken as much as 50% or consisted of 35 training participants using the stratified cluster random sampling method, data collection using questionaires and tools in the form of a list of statements. Analysis tecnique uses the percentage and product moment. The results of this study indicate that: (1) the description of the learning motivation of 3 in 1 training participants with manual embroidery decorations at the Padang industrial training center is low. (2) the learning outcomes of the 3 in 1 training participants in manual embroidery decoration at the Padang Industrial Training Center are low. (3) there is a significant relationship between learning motivation and learning outcomes of 3 in 1 training participants in manual embroidery fashion decoration at the Padang Industrial Training Center. It is expected that the manager can provide facilities and interesting learning methods so as to increase the motivation of participants in training activities so that it can affect their learning outcomes.
Investigation of the Consolidation Behavior of Soft Soil Improved with Vertical Drains by Finite Element Method
Authors: AKAN Recep , SERT Sedat
Published: December 2021

The primary consolidation may take long time due to the low permeability of clay soils in such cases soil improvement may be required to shorten the consolidation time, increase shear strength, and therefore bearing capacity. Preloading is one of the commonly used methods to consolidate soils before actual load and to strengthen weak compressible soils. In cases with time problems, the use of prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) with pre-loading shortens the drainage path and reduces the consolidation time by taking advantage of the horizontal permeability of the soils is generally higher. In this study, an embankment constructed at different load rates with constant accelerates and analyzes were performed for the non-drained and drained conditions of clay soils with PVDs are in 2m, 1m, and 0.5m intervals. In this way, the effect of load rate and PVD usage on consolidation settlement and excess pore pressures in underlying low permeable clayey soil was investigated.
Pengaruh Permainan Alat Musik Perkusi Terhadap Persepsi Bunyi Irama Pada Anak Kelompok B TK Perwanis Sei Batang Serangan Medan
Authors: Lestari Setiana Dewi , Simaremare Aman
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh permainan alat musik perkusi terhadap persepsi bunyi irama pada anak kelompok B TK PERWANIS MEDAN. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian post test dan control design. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah dua kelas kelompok yang memiliki karakteristik yang sama yaitu seluruh B1 dan B2 yang berjumlah 30 orang. Penentuan sampel kelas dilakukan secara acak (random) dengan jumlah sampel setiap kelas masing-masing sebanyak 15 anak.Instrumen pengumpulan data dalam sampel ini adalah pedoman observasi, dan penggunaan analisis data menggunakan uji-t, pada saat mengobservasi. Pengobservasian menggunakan pedoman observasi yang telah ditentukan yaitu taraf nyata a = 0,05Berdasarkan hasil analisis observasi yang telah dilakukan maka rata-rata nilai pada kelas eksperimen 2,7 dengan nilai tertinggi 18 dan niali terendah 14. Sehingga persepsi bunyi irama anak dengan menggunakan alat musik perkusi pada kelas eksperimen memperoleh perbedaan yang signifikan, sedangkan nilai observasi rata-rata pada kelas control 1,017 dengan nilai tertinggi 9dan terendah 5. Sehingga perkembangan perbedaan yang signifikan, berdasarkan hasil tersebut hipotesis menyatakan bahwa pembelajaran dengan bernyanyi sambil bertepuk-tepuk tangan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap persepsi bunyi irama anak yaitu dari hasil hipotesis  diperoleh thitung  > ttabel yaitu 59,7399 > 1,70113 pada taraf a =0,05Dari penjelasan diatas dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa penggunaan alat musik perkusi mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap persepsi bunyi irama anak dibanding dengan kelas kontrol dengan bernyanyi sambil bertepuk tangan
VARIABILIDAD TEMPORAL DE LA CONCENTRACION DIARIA DE PRECIPITACIÓN EN LA ARGENTINA
Authors:   Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos, FCEyN, UBA. CONICET, Llano María Paula
Published: December 2021

En el presente estudio se analiza el comportamiento espacial y temporal de las precipitaciones mediante el índice de concentración diaria de precipitación con una resolución de 1, 5 y 10 milímetros para 24 estaciones meteorológicas en el período 1961-2018. El índice de concentración calculado con una resolución de 1 mm toma valores entre 0,58 y 0,67, sin un patrón definido de comportamiento espacial. Con resolución de 5mm y 10mm, los valores del índice disminuyen y a nivel espacial se hace notorio un gradiente norte – sur. En cuanto a la evolución de los valores de CI, la cantidad de estaciones con tendencias significativas negativas es similar a las positivas, mientras que en magnitud, son mayores en promedio las positivas. Este aumento en la concentración de la precipitación puede llegar a ser un riesgo dependiendo de la evolución de la lluvia asociada.
SENSIBILIDAD DEL EFECTO DE ESTELA A LA ESTABILIDAD DE LA CAPA LÍMITE ATMOSFÉRICA EN UN PARQUE EÓLICO ONSHORE DE LA PATAGONIA ARGENTINA
Authors:   Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos, FCEyN, UBA. Centro de Simulación Computacional para Aplicaciones Tecnológicas, CSC-CONICET., Navarro Diaz Gonzalo Pablo , Mayol María Laura ,   Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos, FCEyN, UBA. Centro de Simulación Computacional para Aplicaciones Tecnológicas, CSC-CONICET., Saulo Andrea Celeste ,   Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos, FCEyN, UBA. Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, Argentina, Otero Alejandro Daniel ,   Facultad de Ingeniería, UBA. Centro de Simulación Computacional para Aplicaciones Tecnológicas, CSC-CONICET.
Published: December 2021

En este trabajo se presenta un estudio de sensibilidad de la estela que se produce detrás de los aerogeneradores ante los distintos regímenes de estabilidad presentes en la capa límite atmosférica. Este análisis se lleva a cabo sobre un extenso registro de mediciones en uno de los parques eólicos más grandes de Argentina emplazado sobre tierra en la región patagónica. Se analizan datos tanto del período previo a su construcción como durante su etapa productiva. El enfoque resulta novedoso al analizar la dependencia del impacto negativo de la estela sobre la producción en función de los distintos regímenes de estabilidad que se desarrollan a lo largo del día y estacionalmente. Los resultados coinciden con las tendencias reportadas por otros autores, encontrando una disminución notable de la estela, y una mejora de la producción asociada, durante condiciones inestables. El menor impacto de las estelas se registra durante el verano en las horas del medio día, donde se dan típicamente estas condiciones. Contrariamente para condiciones estables, que ocurren generalmente durante la noche, el impacto de las estelas es mayor. El comportamiento promedio en general se aproxima a la condición neutral.
As transformações do espaço urbano em cenários epidêmicos: da modernidade ao pós-pandemia | Transformations of urban space in epidemic scenarios: from modernity to post-pandemic
Authors: Rodrigues Helen Ribeiro , Silva Áurea Dayse Cosmo da , Faria Teresa Cristina de Almeida
Published: December 2021

Com o surgimento da pandemia do novo coronavírus, a forma de ocupação das cidades e a atuação do planejamento urbano vêm sofrendo adequações tendo em vista o combate à doença. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar como o planejamento urbano e o urbanismo atuaram em contextos epidêmicos, a fim de refletir sobre o cenário pós-pandemia. Primeiramente, foi desenvolvida a contextualização histórica das reformas urbanísticas e higienistas, visando a investigar os planos e projetos que impactaram o uso do espaço urbano e suas relações com surtos de doenças. Na sequência, foram apresentadas as estratégias que vêm sendo utilizadas para conter o novo coronavírus e seus efeitos na produção do espaço urbano pós-pandemia. Este estudo demonstra que os surtos epidemiológicos proporcionam a reflexão sobre a forma de atuação do planejamento urbano e do uso e ocupação das cidades; no entanto, ressalta-se que as medidas de controle da pandemia do novo coronavírus não foram tão limitantes e intervencionistas quando comparadas às reformas higienistas ocorridas no passado.
The day after tomorrow: cardiac surgery and coronavirus disease-2019
Authors: Bonalumi Giorgia , Giambuzzi Ilaria , Buratto Beatrice , Barili Fabio , Garatti Andrea , Pilozzi Casado Alberto , Di Mauro Michele , Parolari Alessandro
Published: December 2021

The impact of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic forced the governments worldwide to deal with an unprecedented health crisis. The aim of this review is to summarize what happened to cardiac surgery worldwide during the first wave of this pandemic. A literature search was performed to extrapolate key concepts regarding guidelines and reorganization of cardiac surgery wards during COVID-19. Supporting literature was also included to discuss the hot topics related to COVID-19 and cardiac surgery. Hence, both official documents from national scientific societies and single- or multiple-center experiences during the pandemics are reviewed and discussed. In Italy, the first western country hit by the pandemic, two different models were proposed to cope with the need for ICU/ward beds and to reallocate cardiac surgical services: Hub-and-Spoke system (‘Hubs’, dedicated to perform urgent and nondeferrable surgery, and ‘Spokes’, turned into COVID centers) and/or a progressive reduction in surgical activity. Worldwide, several guidelines/consensus statements were published, suggesting how to deal with the outbreak. Two different approaches for stratifying surgical indications were proposed: dynamic, based on the number of hospitalized COVID-19 patients; static, based only on the severity of the cardiovascular disease. Moreover, the importance of personal protective equipment was stressed. Several measures should have been adopted to deal with an unprecedented need for healthcare resources allocation to care for COVID-19 patients, putting the healthcare systems under serious stress. Cardiac surgery has, as have most surgical activities, been asked to reduce its own activity, giving priority to emergency and nondeferrable cases.
Multi-attribute Decision Method Based on Normal Random Variable in Economic Management Risk Control
Authors: Hu Xuesong
Published: December 2021

This article proposes a distribution function based on normal distribution to express the distribution of criterion values in the interval. This method considers that the economic evaluation target of investment projects is multi-attribute. The economic management risk control environment is divided into information environment, time and space environment, and subject environment. The paper gives the corresponding multi-attribute economic evaluation method for the six possible combinations of project risk environments under the possibility of mutual comparison between interval numbers under the normal distribution. In the end, an example is used to illustrate the practicability and simplicity of the decision-making method.
Fractional Linear Regression Equation in Agricultural Disaster Assessment Model Based on Geographic Information System Analysis Technology
Authors: Wen Lihua , Liu Hongyao , Chen Jihong , Fakieh Bahjat , Shorman Samer M.
Published: December 2021

This article combines geographic information system (GIS) technology and database technology to analyse agricultural, natural disasters. The article uses a fractional linear regression equation to define the comprehensive intensity grading standard of the disaster-causing factors of torrential rain. At the same time, we use GIS to superimpose the agricultural vulnerability index into the storm disaster risk zoning to obtain the degree of agricultural impact under different levels of risk. At the end of the thesis, the model is applied to actual case analysis to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm model.
Nonlinear Differential Equations in the Teaching Model of Educational Informatisation
Authors: Shengnan L.V. , Alassafi Madini O. , Omar Khairi
Published: December 2021

This article takes the nonlinear differential equation model as an example and uses information technology to create a new course teaching model. The computing software Maple is effectively applied to the precise solution of nonlinear differential equations through the analysis of examples. The overall goal and specific implementation of the teaching plan to integrate ordinary differential equations and information technology have been completed. The study found that the teaching plan proposed in the article is assisted by information technology, with teachers and students participating in an interactive and exploratory teaching method. This method is worthy of further promotion.
Changes in the distribution of economic activity in Wrocław and its suburban area, 2008–2016
Authors: Sikorski Dominik , Szmytkie Robert
Published: December 2021

This article presents changes in the distribution of economic activity in Wrocław and its suburbs in the period 2008–2016. The study is based on the analysis of data from the REGON database. Additionally, the article presents the impact of migration of economic entities attributed to suburbanisation of economic entities on the changes noted in the distribution of economic entities in the Wrocław agglomeration. The article also presents the characteristics of migrating economic entities as part of the suburbanisation of economic entities in terms of numbers and types, as well as legal and capital status. Suburbanisation of economic entities was demonstrated to have a significant impact on the distribution of economic entities, both in Wrocław and in its suburban area, throughout the period of analysis.
Studies on water transport in quasi two-dimensional porous systems using neutron radiography
Authors: Fijał-Kirejczyk Izabela M. , Rogante Massimo , Milczarek Jacek J. , Żołądek-Nowak Joanna , Jurkowski Zdzisław , Żołądek Jan , Rusinek Dariusz
Published: December 2021

The spontaneous wetting and drying of flat porous samples of linen, cotton and synthetic textiles were studied using dynamic neutron radiography (DNR). The progress of the wetting process of the media was delineated from the obtained neutron dynamical radiography images. The results of the investigation reveal a non-classical behaviour of kinetics of wicking of these materials. The character of the wetting kinetics is discussed in terms of the fractal character of the tortuosity of fabric capillaries.
Using Heinrich’s (Bird’s) Pyramid of Adverse Events to Assess the Level of Safety in an Airline
Authors: Maklakovs Juris , Bitins Aleksandrs , Bogdane Ruta , Shestakov Vladimir
Published: December 2021

One of the key concepts in matters of flight safety is that of special (abnormal) situations, with airworthiness regulation and certification of aviation equipment being based on this concept. At the same time, one is forced to admit that today there is no explicit interpretation of the standardized traits of special situations, nor are they not fully elucidated in the scientific literature. In this article we propose a pyramid-based approach to interpreting special (abnormal) in-flight situations, which allows for risk assessment not using risk matrices, but instead relying only on the probabilistic characteristics of the occurrence of events. Using the presence of a causal relationship between the layers of the pyramid, we propose an algorithm for the transition of varying degrees of danger of special situations. This algorithm can be used to develop an on-board device that informs the pilot about the dynamics of transitions from one situation to another, representing each emergency situation in a certain color.
Paṭola’s Long Journey to Jlamprang: Transformation of Woven Motives to Batik Motives
Authors: Maziyah Siti , Alamsyah Alamsyah
Published: December 2021

The background of this research comes from the public's understanding that the jlamprang motif is a typical Pekalongan batik motif, besides that there are also those who state that this motif is an imitation of the paṭola motif. Therefore, this paper aims to determine the transformation process of the patola woven motif into the jlamprang batik motif, one of the characteristic batik motifs of Pekalongan. Why can the weaving motif turn into a batik motif? Why does the jlamprang batik motif become the hallmark of Pekalongan? The method used in this research is to trace the trade of paṭola motif cloth from India and its distribution in Java, both in the form of the distribution of decorative motifs on temples and on cloth. The search was carried out through literary texts, decorative motifs on temple walls, and motifs of cloth worn by statues. The results showed that in Java the paṭola motif has undergone a transformation from a woven motif to a decorative motif on the temple walls to a batik motif. Jlamprang became the signature batik motif of Pekalongan because it was in this city that the motif was first developed by Arab traders to overcome the scarcity of paṭola woven motifs from India. Thus, it can be concluded that the Javanese society is an adaptive society, with local genius capable of processing foreign decorative motifs into their own motifs and making them a local identity.
МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ДОГОВОРЫ В СУДЕБНОЙ СИСТЕМЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Authors: Зимненко Б. Л.
Published: December 2021

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Alimentação na Demência Avançada: Documento de Consenso da Sociedade Portuguesa de Medicina Interna e da Associação Portuguesa de Nutrição Entérica e Parentérica
Authors: Pessoa Ana , Almeida Paulo , Marinho Ricardo , Duque Sofia , F. Amaral Teresa , Pinho João , Santos Mariana , Freire Elga , Mendes Lino , Santos Lèlita , Marinho Aníbal , Gorjão Clara João , Araújo Correia João
Published: December 2021

A demência é uma síndrome neurológica de agravamento progressivo, sem cura, cuja prevalência tem vindo a aumentar devido ao envelhecimento da população. Existe um grande desconhecimento entre profissionais de saúde e cuidadores relativamente à melhor abordagem da alimentação nos doentes com demência avançada. Dado não existirem recomendações nacionais acerca deste tema, foi elaborado um documento de consenso da Sociedade Portuguesa de Medicina Interna e da Associação Portuguesa de Nutrição Entérica e Parentérica que explicita as orientações existentes relativas à abordagem dos problemas alimentares nos doentes com demência avançada.

A demência avançada é uma condição terminal em que deve ser privilegiado o conforto do doente, frequentemente acamado, incapaz de comunicar verbalmente e com dificuldade na alimentação. Nesta população, a literatura atual não recomenda o uso de alimentação por sonda (nasogástrica, nasojejunal, gastrostomia percutânea ou jejunostomia percutânea), que está associada a maior risco de infeção, maior utilização de meios de contenção e de- senvolvimento de úlceras de decúbito. Como alternativa, recomenda-se a alimentação por via oral de acordo com a tolerância e vontade do doente (alimentação de conforto). Do ponto de vista ético e legal, é legítimo não proceder à artificialização da alimentação na fase terminal da demência caso este procedimento seja contrário aos valores da pessoa e não se objetivem benefícios. Esta decisão deve ser tomada após discussão multidisciplinar incluindo o doente (se possível), representante legal, cuidadores, família e equipa de profissionais de saúde envolvidos, elaborando um plano individual de cuidados que permita a tomada de decisões no melhor interesse do doente.
Comparing Methods for Measuring Walkability
Authors:   AI Strategy Center, GA Technologies, Inc. Roppongi 3-2-1, Bramson Aaron ,   Laboratory for Symbolic Cognitive Development RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research Minatojima-Minamimachi 6-7-3,   Department of General Economics, Ghent University Tweekerkenstraat 2, Okamoto Kazuto ,   AI Strategy Center, GA Technologies, Inc. Roppongi 3-2-1, Hori Megumi ,   AI Strategy Center, GA Technologies, Inc. Roppongi 3-2-1
Published: December 2021

Walkability analyses have gained increased attention for economic, environmental and health reasons, but the methods for assessing walkability have yet to be broadly evaluated. In this paper, five methods for calculating walkability scores are described: in-radius, circle buffers, road network node buffers, road network edge buffers and a fully integrated network approach. Unweighted and various weighted versions are analyzed to capture levels of preference for walking longer distances. The methods are evaluated via an application to train stations in central Tokyo in terms of accuracy, similarity and algorithm performance. The fully integrated network method produces the most accurate results in the shortest amount of processing time, but requires a large upfront investment of time and resources. The circle buffer method runs a bit slower, but does not require any network information and when properly weighted yields walkability scores very similar to the integrated network approach.
Eficiencia de la remoción de materia orgánica mediante electrocoagulación para tratar aguas residuales procedentes de mataderos
Authors: Jave Concepción Henry Giovani , Rascón Jesús , Pinedo Gómez Kátterin Jina Luz , Guzmán Trujillo Francesca Zenith , Troya Paredes Dayan
Published: December 2021

En los mataderos se genera grandes volúmenes de aguas residuales con alto contenido de materia orgánica, lo cual ocasiona impactos significativos en los cuerpos receptores. Por lo cual, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la eficiencia de diferentes procesos de electrocoagulación en la remoción de la materia orgánica presente en el agua residual de un matadero. Para lo cual, se realizaron mediciones antes de la aplicación del sistema de electrocoagulación y después de la aplicación del mencionado sistema. Los resultados explican un grado de confiabilidad del 0,95, indicando que dicho sistema con aplicaciones de 12Vx15min (T1) y 24Vx10min (T2) logran reducir los parámetros de demanda bioquímica de oxígeno (DBO) de 585 mg/L a 183,83 mg/L (T1) y 104,17 mg/L (T2), la turbiedad de 444 UNT a 39,67 UNT (T1) y 26,00 UNT (T2), la conductividad eléctrica de 1579 µmho/cm a 359,40 µmho/cm (T1) y 128,92 µmho/cm (T2), los sólidos suspendidos totales (SST) de 466 mg/L a 28,83 mg/L (T1) y 14,50 mg/L (T2) y el potencial de hidrógeno (pH) desde 11,77 unidades de pH hasta 8,34 y 7,53 respectivamente; concluyéndose que, existiendo diferencia significativa entre los tratamientos.
Influencia del campo magnético en la germinación y desarrollo de plántulas de Cedrela montana Moritz ex Turks (cedro) en Amazonas, Perú
Authors: Huaman Pilco Angel Fernando , Culqui Mirano Lorenzo Esau , Quilcate Pérez Paula Alejandra , Pariente Eli , Oliva Manuel , Sánchez Santillán Tito
Published: December 2021

El presente trabajo tuvo por objetivo evaluar la influencia del campo magnético en la germinación y desarrollo de plántulas de Cedrela montana Moritz ex Turks (cedro) en Amazonas, Perú. Las semillas de la especie forestal se expusieron a una fuerza magnética de 120 mT, durante diferentes periodos de tiempo. Los tiempos expuestos fueron de 0, 20, 40, 60, 120 min. En el experimento las variables evaluadas fueron: capacidad germinativa, presencia de hojas verdaderas y longitud total de plántulas. Los resultados muestran que el tratamiento 3 presenta mayor tasa de germinación 45%, y el valor más bajo lo tiene el tratamiento 4 con 35.5 %; el crecimiento evaluado a 40 y 60 días después de la emergencia y mediante la prueba estadística se encuentra diferencia significativa, documentando como el mejor tratamiento a 40 min de exposición al campo magnético, y el tratamiento 60 min de exposición, con la media de crecimiento más bajo.
Producción de biogás a partir de estiércol de gallina, utilizando colectores solares
Authors: Gosgot Angeles Wildor , Rascón Jesús , Barrena Gurbillón Miguel Ángel , Ordinola Ramirez Carla María , Oliva Manuel , Montenegro Santillan Yesica
Published: December 2021

La producción de biogás a partir de residuos biodegradables se presenta como una alternativa energética sostenible en comparación a los combustibles fósiles, causantes de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. EL objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la producción de biogás a partir de estiércol de gallina de la granja avícola de la UNRTM – A, durante 15 días a temperatura ambiente, midiendo parámetros de operación (temperatura, producción de biogás y calidad de biogás en CH4, H2S, CO, O2, CO2), precisando una alternativa de aprovechamiento adecuado de este residuo, para reducir problemas de contaminación ambiental adversos a su disposición final, produciendo una alternativa limpia, es así que la evaluación consistió en un sistema de digestión anaerobia a nivel de laboratorio, constituido de biodigestores de botellas PET de 1700 mL y gasómetros de botellas PET de 1 700 mL calibrados cada 20 mL, ambas botellas conectadas a una manguera para medir el biogás por desplazamiento de agua. En el sistema se aplicó 02 tratamientos, alimentando los biodigestores con: T1 (estiércol de gallina y agua en proporción 1:2) y T2 (estiércol de gallina y biol en proporción 1:2, para acelerar el proceso de digestión anaeróbica debido a la presencia de bacterias Metanogénicas), 04 repeticiones por tratamiento y 02 colectores solares con aislante térmico. Los resultados demostraron que el T2, fue el más eficiente con una producción de biogás promedio de 751,45 mL /día, y un rango mayor de 1200 mL, a comparación del T1 el cual presentó una producción promedio de 209,6 mL / día, y un rango mayor de 400 mL, a temperatura promedio interna de 24 °C y temperatura externa de 22 °C para ambos tratamientos. En cuanto a calidad del biogás, para el componente CH4, en ambos tratamientos fue muy bajo, empezando su producción para T2 a partir del día 7 y para el T1 a partir del día 11.
Patrones de distribución de los parámetros físicos y metales pesados en la cuenca media y baja del río Utcubamba
Authors: Rascón Jesús , Leiva-Tafur Dámaris , Juárez Contreras Lily del Pilar , Chichipe Vela Elder , Santa Cruz Guerrero Carlos , Tafur Huayan Karin Yardely , Calderón Ordoñez Edith , Oliva Manuel
Published: December 2021

El río Utcubamba es uno de los principales cuerpos de agua dulce en el Departamento de Amazonas. A lo largo de su cauce se encuentra expuesto a una gran cantidad de actividades antropogénicas que ocasionan el deterioro de su ecosistema. La escasez de información sobre el transporte de elementos químicos por este río, y su posterior descarga en el río Utcubamba, impiden elaborar planes adecuados para el uso sustentable de sus recursos y así tratar de mitigar el impacto generado por las actividades humanas. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivos determinar la variación espacial, del río Utcubamba a lo largo de las cuencas media y baja e identificar el comportamiento de los contaminantes, así como su distribución. Se seleccionaron once estaciones de muestreo, seis en la cuenca media y cinco en la cuenca baja. En general, el transporte medio de metales pesados aumentó hacia la cuenca baja, debido principalmente a que ambas cuencas, se encuentran impactadas por la acción antropogénica.
Redes sociales en el marco de la sustentabilidad educativa en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Omar Padilla Witre , Milla Pino Manuel Emilio , Vargas Tello Andre Jorge Renzo , Requejo Calderón Zoila Raquel , Rios Requejo Luz Aurora , Hidalgo Nisshioka Narumi Elizabeth
Published: December 2021

Se evaluó el impacto de un programa de orientación educativa por redes sociales sobre tres dimensiones relacionadas con la pandemia COVID-19, en sujetos personas residentes del área urbana de la provincia de Chachapoyas, Perú, durante el periodo septiembre-diciembre 2020. El programa consistió en la difusión por redes sociales de la información científica actualizada sobre etiología, prevención y terapéutica de la enfermedad, y la transferencia de técnicas mentales para proteger la salud emocional, mediante estrategias de comunicación accesibles y amenas. Las dimensiones estudiadas fueron nivel de conocimiento sobre la pandemia, cuidados y medidas preventivas y la gestión de la salud emocional, mediante un instrumento tipo Likert de 12 ítems que se aplicó antes y después de la ejecución del programa. Se compararon los puntajes alcanzados por cada una de las dimensiones, las observadas entre las dimensiones, y también se midió la uniformidad de las opiniones de los sujetos en cada dimensión tanto antes como después. Se encontró un aumento en el puntaje en cada una de las dimensiones después de la aplicación del programa, siendo estadísticamente significativo para la gestión de la salud emocional. Se observó diferencias significativas en los puntajes entre las tres dimensiones tanto antes como después, con mayor fuerza en la de cuidados y medidas preventivas. También el programa produjo uniformidad en las opiniones de los sujetos sobre cada una de las dimensiones. Estos resultados sugieren que la transferencia por redes sociales, de conocimientos y métodos saludables para enseñar a las personas a cuidarse de la COVID-19, es una estrategia viable y potencialmente sustentable.
Effect of tourniquet use on total blood loss following total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Alzahrani Khalid H. , Alqarni Abdulhakeem S. , Taybe Mazen M. , Elkhashab Ahmed M. , AlJurayyan Abdulaziz N.
Published: December 2021

Objectives:

Blood loss during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can be a concern. Therefore, a tourniquet (TQ) is commonly used during the procedure to minimize this risk. However, the use of a TQ in TKA continues to be a matter of debate among orthopedic surgeons and is related to its advantages and disadvantages. We retrospectively evaluated the impact of applying the TQ on total blood loss following TKA in 276 patients.

Methods:

Patients were categorized into two groups: TQ and non- TQ. Demographics, surgical time, pre- and post-operative hemoglobin levels, number of blood units transfused, and rate of venous thromboembolism (VTE) were compared between the groups. The mean age of the study population was 62.8 ± 7.2 years, and 76.4% of patients were females. The TQ group consisted of 159 patients, whereas the non-TQ group consisted of 117 patients.

Results:

The two groups were homogenous, and there was no statistically significant difference in age or gender distribution between the two groups. The results showed no significant difference in total blood loss, need for blood transfusion, or VTE rate postoperatively when using a TQ. Female gender was identified to be a significant predictor of a decrease in post-operative hemoglobin.

Conclusion:

We found that the use of the TQ had no effect on total blood loss following primary TKA. Female gender was a predictor of increased blood loss in both groups. It is essential that surgeons performing arthroplasty balance the risks and benefits of using a TQ during TKA.
Non-enzymatic oligonucleotide ligation in photoswitchable coacervate protocells sustains compartment-content coupling
Authors: FRACCIA Tommaso Pietro , MARTIN Nicolas
Published: December 2021

Modern cells are adaptive chemical compartments tightly regulated by an underlying DNA-encoded program. Reproducing such a coupling between information content and chassis in synthetic compartments represents a key step to the assembly of evolvable protocells, but remains challenging. Here, we rationally exploit complexation between end-reactive oligonucleotides able to stack into long physical polymers and a cationic azobenzene photoswitch to produce three different phases – soft solids, liquid crystalline or isotropic coacervates droplets – that promote non-enzymatic oligonucleotide ligation, with a marked phase-dependent reaction efficiency. Changes in the population of polynucleotides during polymerization induce in turn phase transitions that dramatically alter the physical properties of the compartments. Dynamical modulation of coacervate assembly and dissolution via trans-cis azobenzene photoisomerisation is last used to demonstrate cycles of light-actuated oligonucleotide ligation. Overall, by combining a tight reaction-structure coupling and environmental responsiveness, our light-responsive reactive coacervates provide a novel general route to the non-enzymatic synthesis of polynucleotides, and pave the way to the emergence of a primitive genotype-phenotype coupling in membrane-free protocells.
Seputar Bahasa Maanyan dan Dialek-Dialeknya (Sebuah Tinjauan Awal)
Authors: Jamzaroh Siti
Published: December 2021

Bahasa Maanyan merupakan bahasa yang memiliki penutur cukup luas. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif dengan tujuan 1) mendeskripsikan persentase kognat  bahasa Maanyaan pada empat titik pengamatan, yaitu Desa Batapah (MB), Desa Malungai (MM),  Desa Ipu Mea (MIM), dan Desa Warukin  (MW); 2) mendeskripsikan korespondensi bunyi yang ada di antara empat titik pengamatan bahasa Maanyan tersebut;  dan 3) mendeskripsikan perubahan bunyi sporadis. Pengumpulan data melalui studi pustaka, teknik simak dan catat, pengolahan data dengan  metode leksikostatistik. Hasil yang ditemukan adalah ditemukan 1) persentase kata kerabat keempat titik pengamatan MW-MB-82%, MW-MM 78%, MW-MIM 80,5%, MB-MM: 79%, MB-MIM 83%, MM-MIM 77,5%; 2) korespondensi bunyi  antartitik pengamatan bahasa Maanyan adalah a)  arah korespondensi bunyi  [ Φ-b- Φ-b], dan korespondensi bunyi  [b-b- Φ –b]; b) variasi  bunyi glottal (?), c) korespondensi bunyi [kŋ]-[ŋ], dan d) perubahan bunyi sporadis sinkop dan metatesis.
O Le Si'Osi'Omaga O Le Punafanau Lea O Se Gagana E Ola: The Linguistic Landscape Of Samoa
Authors:   , Esera Faith
Published: December 2021

The official language of Sāmoa is Samoan, but the majority of the population speak English as a second language. Because of early contact with missionaries and colonial powers, the English language soon became widely acknowledged and used in Sāmoa. Even after Sāmoa became independent from New Zealand, the English language was and is still recognised, but not made official, in the Constitution of Sāmoa and education policies.  This paper reports on the languages that are present in the linguistic landscape of Sāmoa. The main purpose of the study was to identify the predominant language used in Sāmoa, and to analyse ‘hybridity’ or ‘dualism’ on signs that contained the Samoan language. The data consists of 987 signs taken from two survey areas, Apia and Salelologa, using a digital camera. Scollon and Scollon’s (2003) ‘Place Semiotics’ was used to give an overview of the preferred code in the LL of Sāmoa. The ‘Motu Analysis’, a reconceptualization of Backhaus’s ‘part writing’ types, was used to analyse how two or more languages are used and positioned on signs in the LL; this analysis responds to the research question on ‘hybridity’. The final step involved a closer analysis of the subset of signs containing the Samoan language to detect signs of hybridity through loanwords and semantic extensions.  The results of the analyses indicated that English is the dominant language in the linguistic landscape of Sāmoa despite lacking official status in the language policies of Sāmoa. The findings further reveal that the English influence on the Samoan language on the signs is reflected more in semantic loans than loanwords, revealing a healthier picture of the Samoan language. The study concludes with possible lines of research for further studies in Sāmoa and the Pacific.