bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why Low Adult Immunization? An Enquiry into the Case of Hepatitis B Vaccine in the Peri Urban Areas of Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Raut Nirmal Kumar
Published: February 2025

Available in full text.
Agricultural Policy in India: A Critique on Inclusive Growth
Authors: Baijju K.C.
Published: February 2025

The agriculture sector had effectively been kept out of the multilateral trading system established through the GATT in 1947. This anomaly was rectified during the Uruguay Round Negotiations, culminating in the formation of WTO in 1995, when multilateral disciplines were introduced in the agricultural sector. The WTO Agreement on agriculture seeks to improve market access and to reduce trade distorting subsidies in agricultural products. India has been arguing for the introduction of a regime which provides adequate protection to the domestic sensitivities in the agricultural sector. The greatest achievement acclaimed through media by the UPA 1&2 governments was the lifting of 140 million people out of poverty in the last 10 years. This has a strong bearing and implication on the agriculture policy pursued in India and the question of inclusiveness. This paper attempts a critical evaluation and discussion of the agricultural policy in India over the decades and its pro-activeness towards inclusiveness.
Money Demand, Exchange Rate, and Remittances in Pakistan: A Vector Autoregressive Analysis
Authors: Ghumro Niaz Hussain , Karim Mohd Zaini Abd
Published: February 2025

This paper analyzed the relationship between money demand, exchange rate, and remittances incase of Pakistan using annual time series data for theperiod 1972- 2014. The Vector autoregressive methodology has beenemployed to study relationship by analyzing the Granger Causality, Impulse Response Function, and the Variance Decomposition. The results reveal that there is unidirectional causality from remittances to money demand and exchange rate. Based on the impulse response function, a positive shockresults in remittances increase in money demand. It shows that advent of remittances increase income of households and hence, increase inconsumption on goods and services thereby increase in money demand. The negative trend between money demand and exchange rate shows that money demand decreases with the appreciation of exchange rate. It is recommended that exchange rate, remittances and management of monetary aggregates should be tracked in the right process, so that their management can lead inthe direction of economic growth in the country.
Home-based Women Workers in Nepal: Their Condition and Contribution
Authors: Tuladhar Reena
Published: February 2025

The main purpose of this paper is to assess the economic contribution of two categories; self-employed and piece rate type of home-based women workers to their household economy. Applying the OLS techniques in a survey data obtained from 375 women home-based workers in Kathmandu valley in 2011 the study found a substantial contribution of home based workers to their household economy. Data analysis showed that income from home-based workers constituted 30 percent of household budget. Background characteristics of home-based workers such as type of work, age, ethnicity, family size, marital status, number of surviving children, place of residence, and educational attainment were found significant predicators.
Intention to Adopt Fintech among Grocery Buyers: A Moderation Analysis
Authors: Pokharel Jhabindra , Khanal Smriti
Published: February 2025

Purpose – Fintech service is an emerging issue around the globe. This paper is intended to investigate the perception of grocery buyers regarding adoption of financial technology. Furthermore, this paper also aimed to analyze the moderating effect of gender on the intention to adopt Fintech among grocery buyers.
Design/methodology/approach – The research design for the paper was descriptive, correlational, and causal-comparative. The convenience sampling technique was used to collect data and formulate the hypotheses for the analysis. The sample size for the research was 250 respondents, and the data were collected through a structured questionnaire. 
Findings – Quantitative outcomes from the analysis demonstrated a significant positive effect of perceived ease of use, perceived value, perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment and trust, and security concern on the intention to adopt Fintech among grocery buyers. Furthermore, intentions of male and female significantly differed in perceived ease of use and trust, and security concern. However, this study could not find the gender moderating the effect on perceived value, perceived usefulness, and perceived enjoyment on intention to adopt Fintech among grocery buyers.
Implications – The research emphasized on user-friendly interfaces, convenient use, enjoyable experiences, and reliable security. Grocery suppliers could highlight on customization and personalization, gamified shopping experiences, virtual store tours, and product demonstrations. Addressing gender disparities through customized marketing and inclusive support could strengthen Fintech use among female consumers. The research contributed to establishing theories like TAM. It paved the way for further research into the nuanced dynamics of technology adoption, user perceptions, and retail contexts, enriching the understanding of Fintech’s role in modern consumer behavior.
Originality/value – The research aimed to investigate the moderating effect of gender on Fintech adoption among grocery buyers. The research also supported technology acceptance model (TAM). The research provides novel and valuable contribution to the evolving field of financial technology. This paper contributed into an area that has received limited attention, exploring how gender moderates consumer behavior in financial services and retail transactions.
Agriculture Technology and Nutritional Improvement in Nepal: A Critical Scrutiny
Authors: Sharma Laxmi
Published: February 2025

The widespread prevalence of nutrient deficiencies and poor nutritional outcomes is a significant concern in developing countries, particularly in Nepal. This article aims to critically examine the relationship between agricultural technology and nutritional improvement in Nepal, with a focus on the challenges, opportunities, interventions, and policies designed to combat malnutrition. Through a review of secondary data, the article identifies gaps and challenges while also highlighting opportunities to leverage agricultural innovations to address malnutrition and enhance rural livelihoods.
Examining Older Adults’ Filial Expectation and Evaluation of Adult Children
Authors: Gui Yongxia , Hou Yubo
Published: February 2025

This study explored the relationship between filial discrepancy and older adults’ overall filial piety rating of their adult children. Along with the prevailing context of individualism, more discrepancies have emerged between what older adults expect and what they actually receive, and this may have a complex influence on intergenerational harmony. In total, 245 older adults (average age 64.6 years, range 55 to 93) provided 422 questionnaires (177 provided two sets of data, one each for their son and daughter). The results showed that, in general, Chinese older adults expected more from and evaluated their sons and daughters-in-law higher in filial piety than their daughters and sons-in-law. On the specific filial piety factor, sons and daughters-in-law were evaluated as less filial, and daughters and sons-in-law as more filial if they had more sons. The more filial behavior received, the higher the older adults rated their children, especially in terms of attitudinal and mannerly filial behaviors, which supported the discrepancy evaluations hypothesis. The gender of adult children and grandchildren is crucial to older adults’ filial evaluation, and this study reemphasized the importance of filial piety discrepancies rather than filial receipt.
OS SEDIMENTOS EM SUSPENSÃO DOS RIOS PURUS E JURUÁ NO ESTADO DO ACRE
Authors:   Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Carvalho Aliane , Costa Marcondes ,   Departamento de Geoquímica e Petrologia, Centro de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Almeida Henrique ,   Departamento de Geoquímica e Petrologia, Centro de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará
Published: February 2025

This paper presents data about the suspension sediments of the rivers Purus and Juruá, inside of the State Acre, which are characterized by muddy waters. The suspensates are made of silt sediments, on average 12 mm in grain size. They are formed mainly by quartz, followed by clay minerals (smectite, illite and kaolinite) and feldspars (albite and microcline). The chemical composition of the suspensates is compatible with mineralogy, which presents high concentrations of SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3, besides K2O, MgO and Na2O. These grain size, mineralogy and chemical composition of these suspensates indicate that they come from the Solimões Formation sediments and from the overlying terrace sediments.
And let me get some Gogol for dessert! Sergey Arno
Authors: Shcheglova E. P.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the prose of the fantasy writer S. Arno and considers its principal motifs, images, and stereotypes. The scholar and literary critic E. Shcheglova focuses her analysis on the novels A Novel about Love, and Also Dunces and Drowned Girls [Roman o lyubvi, a yeshchyo ob idiotakh i utoplennitsakh] (2012), A Straitjacket for Geniuses [Smiritelnaya rubashka dlya geniev] (2012), and The Dead Know Why [Myortvie sami znayut otchego] (2020), etc., which display the characteristics of the classical Petersburg text, on the one hand, and are peppered with the aesthetics of theatrical postmodernism, on the other. Therefore, Arno’s works cannot be considered serious literature. Noting that virtually all of Arno’s plotlines and characters draw on the preexisting constructs of the Petersburg prose shaped by Pushkin, Gogol, and Dostoevsky, the critic finds that, more than the continued existence of such artistic constructs in modern literature, Arno is fascinated with the fate of those contemporary writers unable to keep a straight face when confronted with literary goings-on. As a result, various fairies and demons swarm with gusto in Arno’s novels, while the living appear dull and unconvincing.
Alternative Behaviour Management Techniques for Children with Intellectual Disability – A Review
Authors: Chandrasekaran Nirmala
Published: February 2025

Children with intellectual disabilities often face challenges in managing their behavior, significantly impacting their well-being and social interactions. While traditional behavior management techniques can be effective, alternative approaches may better address the diverse needs of these children. This paper reviews alternative behavior management techniques for children with intellectual disabilities, providing definitions, benefits, and examples of each method, alongside research evidence supporting their effectiveness. The review highlights the importance of these techniques in improving behaviour, social skills, and emotional well-being, ultimately enhancing quality of life and promoting independence. Emphasis is placed on the need for further research to identify the most effective methods and expand the range of options available to parents, educators, and healthcare professionals. This work offers hope for children with intellectual disabilities and their families, presenting viable alternatives that foster greater inclusion and personal development.
Pasteurella Multocida - Induced Cerebral Lesions in Experimentally Infected Nubian Goat Kids: A Brief Communication
Authors: Abdelsalam Elmahi Bilal
Published: February 2025

A group of nine young Nubian goat kids (3 to 4 month old) were intratracheally inoculated with a virulent strain of Pasteurella multocida for experimental induction of pneumonia. Another group of goat kids of the same age (n = 5) were kept as uninfected controls. After inoculation, infected animals showed clinical signs ofmoderate to severe respiratory distress, fever, intermittent cough weakness, dullness, reduced appetite and recumbency. Death occurred in five animals within different time intervals ranging from 24 to 72 hours post infection. The main gross and histopathological lesions in dead animals were indicative acute fibrinous or fibrinopurulent bronchopneumonia with fibrinous adhesions and severe vascular changes in visceral organs. However, unrelated types of cerebral lesions were microscopically detected in four of the infected goat kids. These included focal encephalomalacia and diffuse gliosis in one kid, perivascular and perineural oedema of the cerebral cortex in another kid and acute fibrinous meningitis in other two goat kids. The remaining kids which survived infection did not show significant pulmonary or cerebral lesions when sacrificed 28 days post inoculation.
ANALISIS PROSES BELAJAR ANAK DI LINGKUNGAN KELUARGA YANG BUTA AKSARA DI SDN 3 LAKATAN
Authors: Wahyuni Yuyun , Marto Hasia , Mustakim Mustakim
Published: February 2025

Pembelajaran dalam konteks pendidikan formal dapat berlangsung di lingkungan masyarakat dan lingkungan sekolah serta lingkungan keluarga yang berfariasi tingkat pendidikannya, bahkan ada yang tidak mengenyam pendidikan atau buta aksara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses belajar anak di lingkungan keluarga yang buta aksara, faktor penghambat proses belajar anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi dokumentasi dan studi kasus, penelitian berlokasi di Sekolah dasar negeri 3 Lakatan. Teknik pengumpulan data observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan orang tua siswa di SDN 3 Lakatan yang buta aksara cenderung sibuk bekerja untuk mencari nafkah , sehingga perhatian terhadap  proses belajar anak di rumah masih kurang.  Kurangnya dukungan, motivasi dari orang tua, sehingga anak yang bersekolah tidak memperoleh dukungan  fasilitas belajar seperti alat tulis maupun kebutuhan sekolah, sehingga memberi dampak anak sulit beradaptasi, kesulitan dalam menerima pembelajaran  di kelas. Dapat di simpulkan  bahwa anak yang memiliki  orang tua yang buta  tidak mendapatkan perhatian yang khusus dalam belajar di rumah dan kurangnya motivasi dari orang tua.
STRATEGI PENCEGAHAN BULLYING DI LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH DASAR MELALUI PROGRAM KAMPANYE DI SD NEGERI 200501 PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Novitasari Wiwik , Sari Yunita , Lubis Jamilah , Lubis Fitrah Darris
Published: February 2025

Penelitian  ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya  kasus bullying yang terjadi pada anak-anak di sekolah,  yang  dimana  kasus  perundungan  ini  adalah  hal  yang  serius oleh sebab itu memerlukan tindakan khusus. Bullying adalah suatu perilaku agresif yang hendak merusak,  mengganggu  dan  membahayakan  kondisi  fisik  dan  emosional  anak.  Tujuan  dari bullying  adalah  mendominasi  kekuasaan  atas  diri  anak.  Akibat  dari  kasus  bullying  sangat menimbulkan trauma mendalam pada diri anak korban bullying. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk pencegahan bullying di lingkungan sekolah. Metode  yang digunakan adalah kualitatif  yang  berfokus  dalam  konteks sosial. Hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan adalah pencegahan bullying merupakan tahap awal yang harus dilakukan, baik dari lingkungan keluarga maupun sekolah.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERILAKU PHUBBING DENGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR PADA GENERASI Z DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Suryati Suryati , Putra Bela Janare , Fauzima Alevri Meilinda
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini berjudul “Hubungan Antara Perilaku Phubbing dengan Motivasi Belajar Pada Generasi Z Di Era Digital” Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adakah hubungan antara perilaku phubbing dengan motivasi belajar pada generasi Z di era digital. penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian korelasional, populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa angkatan 22 Program Studi Bimbingan Penyuluhan Islam yang berjumlah 79 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah probability sampling (random ssampling), sampel yang digunakan didalam penelitian ini sebanyak 52 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner dengan jumlah 27 pernyataan, dengan dasar pengambilan keputusan jika rHitung > rTabel maka pernyataan tersebut dinyatakan valid. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi pearson product moment, dengan pengambilan keputusan berdasarkan pada jika nilai pearson correlation > rTabel maka terdapat hubungan diantara kedua variabel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai pearson correlation (0,409) > rTabel (0,279) ini maknanya terdapat hubungan antara perilaku phubbing dengan motivasi belajar pada mahasiswa Program Studi Bimbingan Penyuluhan Islam Angkatan 22 Semester 5. Penetapan hubungan tersebut diambil berdasarkan interpretasi yang berada pada interval antara 0,40-0,599. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis data dalam penelitian yang telah dilakukan bahwa didapati hubungan antara perilaku phubbing dengan motivasi belajar, hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai dari pearson corelation (r) sebesar 0,409, maknanya hubungan antara kedua variable di tingkat “sedang”. Dalam artian masih banyak faktor lain yang mempengaruhi motivasi belajar dan perilaku phubbing hanya salah satu dari faktor tersebut, contohnya dukungan keluarga, lingkungan belajar, dan kondisi kesehatan saat belajar.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITIVITAS LAYANAN BIMBINGAN KONSELING DALAM MENGATASI MASALAH AKADEMIK DAN PRIBADI SISWA DI MAN INSAN CENDEKIA JAMBI
Authors: Munandar Aris , Rahmah Hanifa Nur , Yanto M. Aldi
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini mengkaji efektivitas program bimbingan dan konseling (BK) dalam mengatasi masalah akademik dan pribadi siswa di MAN Insan Cendekia Jambi. Menggunakan pendekatan penelitian lapangan kualitatif, penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan fokus pada implementasi dan hasil layanan BK. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan lima siswa dan dua guru BK, serta kuesioner daring yang disebarkan kepada 65 siswa. Untuk memastikan validitas data, triangulasi dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil wawancara, kuesioner, dan dokumen sekolah terkait. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman, meliputi reduksi data, penyajian, dan verifikasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa layanan BK efektif mendukung siswa dalam menghadapi tantangan akademik dan pribadi melalui pendekatan empatik dan komprehensif. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan praktis untuk pengembangan layanan BK di masa depan. Penelitian lanjutan diharapkan dapat mengeksplorasi strategi inovatif untuk meningkatkan efektivitas program BK.
PERMASALAHAN ANAK PENDEK (STUNTING): PENYEBAB, FAKTOR RESIKO DAN PENCEGAHAN
Authors: Harahap Erlina , Suryani Fatma , Hasibuan Nikmah Sari , Saleh Ahmadi , Maisaroh Tasya , Lopita Lola , Fiskarina Fiskarina , Elmatiara Elmatiara
Published: February 2025

Masalah anak pendek (stunting) merupakan salah satu permasalahan gizi yang dihadapi di dunia, khususnya di negara miskin dan berkembang. Stunting menjadi permasalahan karena berhubungan dengan meningkatnya risiko terjadinya kesakitan dan kematian, perkembangan otak suboptimal sehingga perkembangan motorik terlambat dan terhambatnya pertumbuhan mental. Stunting merupakan bentuk kegagalan pertumbuhan (growth faltering) akibat akumulasi ketidakcukupan nutrisi  yang berlangsung mulai dari kehamilan sampai usia 24 bulan. Keadaan ini di perparah dengan tidak terimbanginya  kejar tumbuh (catch up growth) yang optimal. Analisa temuan diuraikan ke bentuk kualitatif deskriftif, selanjutnya peneliti membina hubungan baik dengan responden, menggali informasi akurat, berinteraksi lansung dengan responden. Kriteria responden yang dipilih adalah keluarga yang memiliki anak usia 6 bulan sampai 5 tahun. Sedangkan informan sebanyak 3 orang terdiri dari Kepala Desa, Bidan Desa dan Kader Posyandu. Adapun kesimpulan hasil penelitian faktor penyebab dan resiko terjadinya anak pendek (stunting) yaitu: 1) Genetika dan tidak ada kaitannya dengan masalah kesehatan. Kenyataannya faktor genetika memiliki pengaruh kecil terhadap kondisi kesehatan seseorang dibandingkan dengan faktor gizi, lingkungan dan pelayanan kesehatan. 2) Masalah gizi kronis akibat kurangnya asupan gizi dalam jangka waktu panjang sehingga mengakibatkan terganggunya pertumbuhan pada anak menjadi salah satu penyebab tinggi badan anak terhambat, sehingga lebih rendah dibandingkan anak-anak seusianya. 3) Pengetahuan ibu rendah, pola asuh yang salah, 4) Pelayanan kesehatan yang tidak memadai (Unicef, 1990). 5) Lingkungan sanitasi hygiene yang buruk. 6) Status sosial ekonomi rendah, pendidikan keluarga terutama pendidikan ibu rendah. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi untuk mencengah dan menurunkan faktor resiko stunting di indonesia khususnya di desa Singali.
KONSELING ADLERIAN: ANALISIS PERAN SOSIAL DAN PENGALAMAN MASA KECIL DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KEPRIBADIAN
Authors: Maharani Reizki , Karneli Yeni
Published: February 2025

Artikel ini membahas konseling Adlerian dengan fokus pada peran sosial dan pengalaman masa kecil dalam pembentukan kepribadian. Teori Adlerian, yang dikembangkan oleh Alfred Adler, menekankan pentingnya minat sosial dan pengalaman awal individu dalam membentuk kepribadian. Dalam konteks ini, minat sosial merujuk pada kemampuan individu untuk berinteraksi dan berkontribusi pada masyarakat, yang berakar dari pengalaman masa kecil yang membentuk cara pandang mereka terhadap dunia. Misalnya, anak yang tumbuh dalam lingkungan yang mendukung kolaborasi dan empati cenderung mengembangkan kepribadian yang lebih terbuka dan peduli. Melalui analisis pustaka, artikel ini mengeksplorasi sejarah dan perkembangan teori Adlerian serta konsep-konsep utama yang mendasarinya, termasuk pengaruh lingkungan sosial dan interaksi interpersonal dalam pembentukan gaya hidup individu. Dengan memahami bagaimana pengalaman awal dan konteks sosial mempengaruhi kepribadian, kita dapat lebih baik menghargai kompleksitas individu dalam konteks sosial yang lebih luas. Kesimpulannya, teori Adlerian memberikan wawasan berharga tentang bagaimana hubungan sosial dan pengalaman masa kecil berkontribusi pada pembentukan identitas dan perilaku individu.
Guía para realizar investigaciones en Comunicación con perspectiva de edad
Authors: Martín-Martín Francisco Marcos
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Este estudio examina la integración de la perspectiva de edad en la investigación en comunicación, destacando la necesidad de un enfoque inclusivo hacia las personas mayores en los trabajos académicos. Metodología: Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo-descriptivo para analizar las normas editoriales de 31 revistas académicas con sello FECYT en las áreas de Comunicación, Información y Documentación Científica, y se consultaron guías de entidades relevantes sobre lenguaje inclusivo. Resultados: Los resultados revelaron una notable falta de referencias al lenguaje inclusivo con perspectiva de edad, enfocándose principalmente en el género. No se encontraron libros de estilo ni manuales específicos sobre lenguaje inclusivo etario. Discusión y conclusiones: Se concluye que es urgente aumentar la sensibilización y el compromiso con políticas editoriales que promuevan el lenguaje inclusivo y la representación equitativa de las personas mayores. La investigación ofrece una guía inclusiva, estructurada por fases, para realizar trabajos de investigación con perspectiva etaria.
Alternativas para la retención estudiantil en programas de posgrado como componente de una gestión organizacional exitosa: revisión de alcance
Authors: Valencia Quecano Lira Isis
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Los gobiernos fomentan la educación de posgrado con el fin de potenciar la competitividad profesional, mejorar las oportunidades de empleo, obtener salarios dignos, y elevar la calidad de vida. Este tipo de educación no solo beneficia a los individuos, sino que también impulsa el desarrollo económico y social, promoviendo la innovación y mejorando la competitividad a nivel internacional. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, el estudio tiene como objetivo identificar estrategias de gestión organizacional que aseguren la retención estudiantil en programas de posgrado, reduciendo la deserción y fomentando la culminación exitosa de los estudios. Metodología: Mediante una revisión de alcance basada en el modelo PRISMA (2020), se analizaron 40 artículos sobre estrategias de permanencia en posgrados. Resultados: Los resultados destacaron diversas estrategias efectivas, como servicios de orientación académica, laboral y personal, tutorías académicas, un diseño curricular flexible y relevante, plataformas tecnológicas adecuadas, y comunidades para la interacción y el apoyo. Conclusiones: El estudio subraya la importancia de una gestión organizacional efectiva y un sólido apoyo institucional para el éxito de los estudiantes en programas de posgrado. La implementación de estas estrategias puede formar profesionales altamente cualificados, capaces de enfrentar desafíos laborales y contribuir al desarrollo sostenible de sus comunidades y países.
Impact of Transportation Linking Projects on Student Competency Development
Authors: Ortega Ortega Josue , García-Ramírez Yasmany , Díaz Muñoz Fabian Patricio
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Linking projects have become integral to Higher Education in Ecuador, necessitating thorough planning, budgeting, continuous monitoring, and rigorous presentation of outcomes. This study evaluates the impact of such projects on student competency development and society, focusing on the Logistics and Transportation Engineering program at Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL). A linking project conducted between October 2023 and February 2024 aimed to enhance public transportation in underserved areas of Loja. Methodology: Methodology involved ten seventh-semester students who conducted a detailed analysis of Loja's urban transportation system using advanced tools to assess demand, service schedules, and route availability. Subsequent stages included designing efficient transportation routes and presenting proposals to stakeholders. Results: Results indicate significant improvements in students' technical skills, project management, and communication and teamwork abilities, alongside heightened social responsibility and community engagement. Discussions: This research underscores the pivotal role of linking projects in fostering holistic student development and addressing societal needs through practical application. Conclusions: The study's findings highlight the transformative impact of linking projects on student learning outcomes and their ability to contribute meaningfully to societal challenges, particularly in the context of public transportation development.
Etnografías y narrativas mediáticas para entender la reconfiguración identitaria
Authors: Gaona Pisonero Carmen
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Recrear un pasado común es una importante misión que precisa de múltiples estrategias y actores. Pero es una estrategia recurrente para empezar a dotar de sentido a una identidad cultural. Metodología: Siendo consciente de la complejidad de los procesos identitarios, y tomando como unidad de observación el municipio español de Campo de Níjar, nos hemos centrado en la labor etnográfica. Resultados: Localización de algunas semantizaciones del paisaje desde una dimensión epocal. Discusión: No olvidemos nuestra delimitación conceptual del paisaje, en cuanta apropiación cultural del territorio caracterizado por una semantización diacrónica y en reconstrucción constante, atendiendo a las vivencias y experiencias de sus habitantes. Conclusiones: En este municipio almeriense analizado, dicha dotación de sentido tiene un continuum que va desde representaciones de territorio sin esperanza a territorio de dignidad, de zona maldita a paisaje saludable. En segundo lugar, nos centramos en las estrategias de construcción de la memoria colectiva a través de la recuperación de héroes colectivos, o mejor dicho, en la construcción de “nuevos” héroes colectivos: sanadores-curanderos que velaron en épocas pasadas por la salud colectiva de Campo de Níjar.
Waiting To Be Reunited?
Authors: Krupnik Igor , Dolińska Joanna , Skowron-Markowska Stefania , Nowakowska Marta
Published: February 2025

the young Polish anthropologist Stanisław Poniatowski undertook fieldwork in the Russian Far East in summer 1914. He collected almost five hundred various artifacts (objects, photographs, anthropometric measurement forms, etc.) and linguistic material from the local Nanai and Udege communities along the Amur River. The outbreak of World War I changed Poniatowski's plans and caused the separation (fragmentation) of his original collections, now housed at the Polish Ethnological Society in Wrocław, Poland and at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, DC in the US. The article describes a new multistep effort to digitally “reunite” Poniatowski's collections and convert them into a cultural resource for researchers, museum specialists, and Indigenous communities for heritage and language preservation.
Book Review
Authors: Castro Sepúlveda Marcia Alejandra
Published: February 2025

Embracing Landscape: Living with Reindeer and Hunting among Spirits in South Siberia Selcen Küçüküstel (New York: Berghahn Books, 2021) 238 pp., ISBN 978-1-80073-062-5.
THE CURRENT CONDITION OF THE MACROZOOBENTOS OF THE KHADZHIBEY ESTUARY (NORTHERN BLACK SEA REGION)
Authors: VARIGIN O.
Published: February 2025

The qualitative composition and features of the quantitative development of the macrozoobenthos of the Khadzhibey estuary, located in the northern Black Sea region near the city of Odessa, have been determined. The material was collected in the spring and autumn periods of 2021–2023 at 10 stations evenly distributed throughout the estuary. It was determined that the water temperature in the estuary in the spring of 2021–2023 was 15,6–23,4 °C, and in autumn – 26,3–29,7 °C. Water salinity during the same period ranged from 4,88 to 6,32 ‰ in spring, and from 6,15 to 6,87 ‰ in autumn. The depth at all studied stations did not exceed 1,5 m. In the macrozoobenthos community of the Khadzhibey estuary, 5 species of invertebrates were identified, namely: the polychaete Alitta succinea (Leuckart, 1847), the shrimp Palaemon elegans Rathke, 1837, the amphipod Gammarus insensibilis Stock, 1966, the gastropod Hydrobia acuta (Draparnaud, 1805) and the chironomid Chironomus plumosus (Linnaeus, 1758). Representatives of decapods and amphipods can be classified as permanent species of the macrozoobenthos community of the estuary, since their occurrence P was 50–70 %. The polychaete was classified as a rare species (P=33,3–42,8 %), and the gastropod – as a occasional species (P=14,3 %). All these invertebrates are eurybiont species that are able to survive with low salinity of water and a significant deterioration in its quality due to the long term discharge of insufficiently treated wastewater from the city of Odessa into the estuary. Of all the identified species, only the chironomid Ch. plumosus had 100% occurrence. This species achieved the greatest quantitative development in the conditions of the estuary. So in the spring of 2021, the average abundance of Ch. plumosus was 6765±2145 ind.·m-2, which is 98,3 % of the total abundance of all macrozoobenthos, and the average biomass was 44,15±18,09 g·m-2 (87,8 %). Due to this dominance of one species, the Khadzhibey estuary continues to transform into a “chironomid” reservoir. The use of the ABC-method showed that the macrozoobenthos community of the Khadzhibey estuary is in a stress condition. In general, within the framework of studies 2021–2023 the species richness of macrozoobenthos in the estuary has decreased by half compared to 2002–2003.
NEW FINDINGS OF ALIEN PLANTS IN THE BUKOVINIAN CIS-CARPATHIAN
Authors: Tokaryuk A. , Volutsa O. , Chorney I.
Published: February 2025

Information about distribution of 51 species of alien plants on the territory of Bukovinian Cis-Carpathian are presented, among which 34 are noted for the first time, in particular Allium cepa L., Amaranthus hypochondriacus L., Apium graveolens L., Aralia elata (Maq.) Seem., Armeniaca vulgaris Lam., Beta vulgaris L., Campsis radicans (L.) Seem., Castanea sativa Mill., Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai, Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench, Eruca sativa Mill., Euphorbia prostrata Aiton, Fagopyrum esculentum Moench, Fragaria×ananassa (Duchesne) Duchesne, Glycine max (L.) Merr., Hordeum vulgare L., Medicago × varia T.Martyn, Persica vulgaris Mill., Petunia × atkinsiana D.Don ex Loudon, Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth., Phaseolus vulgaris L., Robinia viscosa Vent., Rosa rugosa Thunb, Satureja hortensis L., Sedum album L., S. rupestre L., S. spurium M.Bieb., Secale cereale L., Setaria faberi F. Herrmann, Silphium perfoliatum L., Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers., Swida alba (L.) Opiz, Tagetes erecta L. та Zea mays L. New localities are given for 17 species, 12 of which occur singly in the region in synanthropic biotopes, so mass invasions are not expected, 5 species (Erechtites hieracifolia (L.) Raf. ex DC., Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal, Impatiens glandulifera Royle, Rudbeckia laciniata L. і Symphyotrichum × salignum (L.) Nesom) are highly active invasive plants with a tendency to spread into natural biotopes. These species require monitoring.
Biomodification of a plant base from cereal flour to produce an alternative fermented drink
Authors: Buchilina Alina , Gunkova Polina , Trofimov Andrei , Barakova Nadezhda , Maksimiuk Nikolai , Smyatskaya Yulia , Moskvichev Aleksandr , Sadovoy Vladimir
Published: February 2025

Background: Cereals are the most promising raw material for producing functional fermented drinks. Buckwheat possesses a unique chemical composition, high nutritional value, and significant physiological activity. However, cereals lack easily digestible sugars and nitrogen compounds for lactic acid bacteria. 
Objective: The study focused on determining whether enzymatic hydrolysis of buckwheat flour can provide a cereal base with soluble sugars and free amino nitrogen to support the rapid growth of lactic acid bacteria and improve the sensory characteristics of fermented products.
Methods: The grain base was obtained from buckwheat groats. The groats were ground into flour. The granulometric analysis of the flour was conducted using a laser analyzer. Flour samples with different particle sizes were hydrolyzed with α-amylase, protease, and glucoamylase. The hydrolysis temperature was selected based on the temperature at which the viscosity of the flour-water mixture reached its maximum. The hydrolysates' solids, sugars, and free amino nitrogen were analyzed using refractometry, HPLC, and spectrophotometry. The buckwheat bases were fermented with L. acidophilus and L. plantarum. The number of lactic acid microorganisms in the fermented bases was determined by the plate count method on MRS agar. Sensory properties (taste, aroma, and texture) were evaluated using a developed 5-point scale.
Results: The study found that hydrolysis of buckwheat flour using α-amylase, protease, and glucoamylase produced a cereal base with 19.15±0.05 g/L glucose, 29.54±0.06 g/L maltose, and 104.72±0.15 mg/100 g of free amino nitrogen. The biomodification resulted in changes to the cereal base composition, favorable for developing lactic acid bacteria cultures. During fermentation of the biomodified base with L. acidophilus, a pH level of 4.5 ± 0.1, a cell count of 10⁸ CFU/g, and high taste and aroma scores were achieved within 5 hours. For L. plantarum, the changes ensured a pH of 4.5 ± 0.1 and a cell count of 10⁷ CFU/g after 7 hours, but lactic fermentation's characteristic taste and aroma were not pronounced. 
Conclusion: The buckwheat flour was processed by grinding groats and using enzymatic hydrolysis with α-amylase, protease, and glucoamylase, resulting in a cereal base with a promising composition for the following fermentation. Additionally, the approach offers a model for processing other cereals, contributing to developing alternative plant-based fermented beverages with enhanced functional and sensory properties. 
Keywords: buckwheat flour, cereal-based fermented beverage, dairy alternatives, enzymatic hydrolysis, lactic acid bacteria, fermentation.
Strategi Strategies to Increase Public Awareness of the Importance of Halal Food Certifcation for MSMES: A Case Studi of the Kebagusan Village Community
Authors: Muhtazam Fadhli , Adinugraha Hendri Hermawan
Published: February 2025

This research aims to find out effective strategies in increasing the awareness of the Kebagusan Village community about the importance of halal food certification for MSMEs. This research is a case study with a qualitative approach. The data sources used in this research come from interviews and various literature journal articles relevant to the research topic. The data analysis method used is thematic analysis. Halal food certification is the most important thing in the food industry, especially for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The knowledge of the people of Kebagusan Village regarding halal certification is generally still limited, where halal certification is understood as a process of examining raw materials, production processes, and product quality control systems to ensure halalness according to established standards, but many only know the extent of getting a halal logo without understanding its broader benefits. The main factor hindering MSMEs in this village from pursuing halal certification is a lack of knowledge and socialization, with many businesses not fully understanding the procedures and benefits and seeing it as a formality. Minimal socialization, especially through social media which is less accessible to older MSME players, is also an obstacle. Therefore, strategies to increase awareness of halal certification including socialization, counseling and education are very important.
Optimizing Multifunctional Fluorescent Ligands for Intracellular Labeling
Authors: Kumar Pratik , Vevea Jason D. , Tkachuk Ariana N. , Campbell Kirby , Watson Emma T. , Grimm Jonathan B. , Chapman Edwin R. , Solecki David J. , Lavis Luke D.
Published: February 2025

Enzyme-based self-labeling tags enable covalent attachment of synthetic molecules to proteins inside living cells. A frontier of this field is designing multifunctional ligands that contain both fluorophores and affinity tags or pharmacological agents and can still efficiently enter cells. Self-labeling tag ligands with short linkers can enter cells readily but often show less activity due to steric issues; ligands with long linkers can be more potent but show lower cell permeability. Here, we overcome this tug-of-war between efficacy and cell-permeability by devising a rational strategy for making cell permeable multifunctional ligands for labeling HaloTag fusions. We found that the lactone–zwitterion equilibrium sconstant (_K_L–Z) of rhodamines inversely correlates with their distribution coefficients (log_D_7.4), suggesting that ligands based on dyes exhibiting low _K_L–Z and high log_D_7.4 values, such as Si-rhodamines, would efficiently enter cells. We designed cell-permeable multifunctional HaloTag ligands with a biotin moiety to purify mitochondria or a JQ1 appendage to translocate BRD4 from euchromatin to the nucleolus or heterochromatin. We discovered that translocation of BRD4 to constitutive heterochromatin in cells expressing HaloTag–HP1a fusion proteins can lead to apparent increases in transcriptional activity. These new reagents enable affinity capture and translocation of intracellular proteins in living cells and the use of Si-rhodamines and other low _K_L–Z/high log_D_7.4 dye scaffolds will facilitate the design of new multifunctional chemical tools for biology.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Understanding cellular processes requires tools to measure and manipulate proteins in living cells. Self- labeling tags, such as the HaloTag and SNAP-tag, enable modification of cellular proteins with synthetic molecules. Creating ligands for these systems that have more than one chemical motif remains challenging, however, due to competing demands between cell permeability and functionality. We discovered that multifunctional ligands based on Si-rhodamines efficiently entered cells and enabled affinity purification of mitochondria or translocation of nuclear proteins; the performance of these molecules could be verified by fluorescence microscopy. These compounds should be useful for a variety of biological experiments and our general framework will allow the design of other multifunctional ligands to study living systems.
Observation of Prethermalization in Weakly Nonintegrable Unitary Maps
Authors: Zhang Xiaodong , Lando Gabriel M. , Dietz Barbara , Flach Sergej
Published: February 2025

We investigate prethermalization by studying the statistical properties of the time-dependent largest Lyapunov exponent \(\Lambda(t)\) for unitary-circuit maps upon approaching integrability. We follow the evolution of trajectories for different initial conditions and compute the mean \(\mu(t)\) and standard deviation \(\sigma(t)\) of \(\Lambda(t)\). Thermalization implies a temporal decay \(\sigma \sim t^{-1/2}\) at a converged finite value of \(\mu\). We report prethermalization plateaus that persist for long times where both \(\mu\) and \(\sigma\) appear to have converged to finite values, seemingly implying differing saturated Lyapunov exponent values for different trajectories. The lifetime of such plateaus furnishes a novel time scale characterizing the thermalization dynamics of many-body systems close to integrability. We also find that the plateaus converge to their respective thermal values for long enough times.
No Consciousness? No Meaning (and no AGI)!
Authors: Masi Marco
Published: February 2025

The recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in light of the impressive capabilities of transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs), have reignited the discussion in cognitive science regarding whether computational devices could possess semantic understanding or whether they are merely mimicking human intelligence. Recent research has highlighted limitations in LLMs’ reasoning, suggesting that the gap between mere symbol manipulation (syntax) and deeper understanding (semantics) remains wide open. While LLMs overcome certain aspects of the symbol grounding problem through human feedback, they still lack true semantic understanding, struggling with common-sense reasoning and abstract thinking. This paper argues that while adding sensory inputs and embodying AI through sensorimotor integration with the environment might enhance its ability to connect symbols to real-world meaning, this alone would not close the gap between syntax and semantics. True meaning-making also requires a connection to subjective experience, which current AI lacks. The path to AGI must address the fundamental relationship between symbol manipulation, data processing, pattern matching, and probabilistic best guesses with true knowledge that requires conscious experience. A transition from AI to AGI can occur only if it possesses conscious experience, which is closely tied to semantic understanding. Recognition of this connection could furnish new insights into longstanding practical and philosophical questions for theories in biology and cognitive science and provide more meaningful tests of intelligence than the Turing test.
Unification of the Fluid Flow Field, the Electromagnetic Field-Strength Tensors, and the Field Dynamic Equations
Authors: Wang Shisheng
Published: February 2025

Either mechanical waves or electromagnetic waves propagate in space at a finite speed. The wave propagation speed and particle flow velocity form a four-vector. Using the four-vector, we can obtain the fluid flow field and the electromagnetic field strength tensor. Both tensors share the same mathematical structure and can be unified into a single mathematical frame. The field dynamic equations, either for fluid flow or for the charged particle motions, are a combination of the translational and the rotational motion. The rotational motion behaves as wave properties. The strength tensor contraction (inner product) forms a hypersurface. It is an indefinite quadratic form (saddle-shaped surface) that can take positive or negative values to reveal the dominating moving types. The electromagnetic waves are located at the saddle points, and the strength tensor for electromagnetic waves is zero. In general, the motion in the field obeys the weak form of Newton’s action and reaction law, namely, the field has an induced secondary flow, due to the interactions between vorticity and velocity for fluid flow or the magnetic field and the charge flow for the electromagnetic field. It is found that this approach is equivalent to the Euler-Lagrangian method, which is expressed by \(D_t\vec{p} = \nabla\mathcal{L}\)_._ Both methods will produce the same field dynamic equations.
Histopathologic Evaluation and Single-Cell Spatial Transcriptomics of the Colon Reveal Cellular and Molecular Abnormalities Linked to J-Pouch Failure in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Olivas Andrea D. , Ngai Paul Chak Mou , Schahrer Emily , Olortegui Kinga S. , Cursio John F. , Akiyama Shintaro , Chang Eugene B. , Shen Le , Umanskiy Konstantin , Rubin David T. , Zemmour David , Weber Christopher R.
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Total abdominal colectomy (TAC) with a staged ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is a common surgical treatment for ulcerative colitis (UC). However, a significant percentage of patients experience pouch failure, leading to morbidity. This retrospective case-control study identified histopathological features of the TAC specimen associated with pouch failure and investigated the molecular mechanisms of this susceptibility using single-cell spatial transcriptomics.

METHODS: We analyzed a cohort of 417 patients who underwent IPAA between 2000-2010 at the University of Chicago Medical Center for up to 18 years. Histological examination of TAC specimens focused on disease activity, depth of inflammation, and specific features, including granulomas and deep ulcers. A subset of patients was profiled using single-cell spatial transcriptomics to map gene expression and immune cell interactions in relation to the risk of pouch failure.

RESULTS: The 18-year pouch failure risk was 23%, with post-procedure diagnosis of CD as a major risk factor (HR = 4.3, 95% CI: 2.3-8.1) as well as high-risk histologic features, including deep chronic inflammation (HR = 21, 95% CI: 11-41) and severe disease activity (HR = 14, 95% CI: 5.7-32) in TAC specimens. Spatial transcriptomics showed immune infiltration of T and myeloid cells, reduced myocyte-glial interactions, and cytokine signaling pathways such as IL-10, IL-1β, and type I/II interferons, associated with an increased risk of pouch failure.

CONCLUSION: Histological features and spatial molecular profiling are predictive of IPAA failure. These findings support the use of histologic evaluation and targeted molecular analysis of the TAC specimen to identify high-risk patients and improve IPAA outcomes.
LemmaHead: RAG Assisted Proof Generation Using Large Language Models
Authors: Yang Tianbo , Yang Mingqi , Zhao Hongyi , Yang Tianshuo
Published: February 2025

Developing the logic necessary to solve mathematical problems or write mathematical proofs is one of the more difficult objectives for large language models (LLMS). Currently, the most popular methods in literature consists of fine-tuning the model on written mathematical content such as academic publications and textbooks, so that the model can learn to emulate the style of mathematical writing. In this project, we explore the effectiveness of using retrieval augmented generation (RAG) to address gaps in the mathematical reasoning of LLMs. We develop LemmaHead, a RAG knowledge base that supplements queries to the model with relevant mathematical context, with particular focus on context from published textbooks. To measure our model’s performance in mathematical reasoning, our testing paradigm focuses on the task of automated theorem proving via generating proofs to a given mathematical claim in the Lean formal language.