bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feasibility Analysis of Electrodeposited Cu-W-Co Alloys
Authors: Li Yuan Hui , Guo Zhong Cheng , Huang Bi Fang , Huang Hui
Published: January 2014

Electrodeposited environmental and energy-saving electrodeposited copper alloys materials without silver element will be one of the hotspots on the exploitation of the copper matrix electrical contact field. Theoretically expression of Cu, W, Co and Cu-W-Co alloys electrodeposition possibility is thermodynamically analyzed by the potential-pH plots of Cu-H2O,Co-H2O and W-H2O at normal temperature. It is found that Cu, Co can be deposited together in Cu2+,Co2+aqueous solution. Cu-W isn’t deposited from it’s Cu2+,WO42-aqueous solution, only if Co-W induced deposition under the cobalt ions’ circumstances. So, It is possible that Cu-W-Co alloys are prepared from Cu2+,Co2+,WO42-aqueous solution by the electrodeposition in the theory and experiment, which will be new method and theory for Cu-W-Co serial contact materials’ preparation.
The Change Rules of Physiochemical Indexes of Luzhou-Flavor Daqu Based on Continuous Flow Chemical Analyzer
Authors: Luo Hui Bo , Wang Da Di , Wang Yi , Wang Yong , Wang Cai Hong
Published: January 2014

The continuous flow chemical analyzer was applied for the determination of the content of total acid, reducing sugars and free amino acids of Luzhou-flavor Daqu in the whole making process including fermentation and storage period. The result showed that the total acid, reducing sugars and free amino acids had a dramatic change in the period of Daqu fermentation and had a higher level with a small fluctuation in the prophase of Daqu storage. In the late phase of Daqu storage, the total acid and reducing sugars decreased considerably and tend to be stable finally, while the free amino acid was still maintained at a high level. The total acid and reducing sugar had a significant positive correlation (the correlation coefficient of total acid and reducing sugar content was 0.946,P<0.01), and both of them had no correlation with the content of free amino acid.
Optimization for Acid Hydrolysis Conditions of the Simulated Last Monosodium Glutamate Mother Liquor by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Feng Xu Dong , Pan Xin , Lu Juan
Published: January 2014

The high concentration of sodium pyroglutamate could reduce the yielding amount of monosodium glutamate in the last monosodium glutamate mother liquor. In this study, on the basis of the single factor experiment, the optimization was explored with response surface methodology for acid hydrolysis conditions of the simulated last monosodium glutamate mother liquor. It is indicated that treatment time (X1) was the most significant factor to affect the removal efficiency of pyroglutamic acid, followed by treatment temperature (X2) and concentration of acid (X3). The regression model for the acid hydrolysis was significant (p<0.0001). The influence of the interaction between X1 and X3 was very significant on removal efficiency of pyroglutamic acid. Meanwhile, the optimized conditions obtained were: 2.67h of treatment time, 34.53% of concentration of acid and 109.7°C of treatment temperature. Under these conditions, the maximum removal efficiency of pyroglutamic acid was up to 95.32%, which was close to the predicted value of 95.94%.
Effects of Soybean Pectin Gel on Flavor Compounds Variation of Cheddar Cheeses during Ripening
Authors: Liu He , Li Jun , Geng Ping , He Yu Tang , Ma Tao
Published: January 2014

In this manuscript, flavor compounds development of Cheddar Cheese with addition of soybean pectin gel was investigated during ripening. A rapid and simple Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) procedure was used for identifying and classifying the volatile compounds. The result showed that addition of soybean pectin gel to cheese had similar flavor profiles with full-fat cheeses. Higher levels of acid volatile compounds and aldehydes were obtained in comparison with experimental cheese. Results simultaneously indicated that experimental cheeses contained high concentrations of volatile amine as soybean pectin gel promoting the volatile substances.
Effects of Pine Nut (Pinus koraiensis) Meal Protein Peptides on Memory Function of Mice
Authors: Jia Ya Ping , Liu Xuan Ting , Lin Song Yi , Wang Ke , Wang Shuang , Liu Hao Ran , Jiang Yuan
Published: January 2014

The memory function of pine nut (Pinus koraiensis) meal protein peptides (PNMPP) on mice was analysed through latent time and error times by water maze test. Meanwhile, the impacts of PNMPP on the mice organ coefficients were also measured. The results showed that after 35 d, the latent time of mice decreased with the increasing of the gastric perfusion days. And for error times, PNMPP groups were significantly less than blank group (P < 0.05) at 50 d. Compared with the blank group, there were no significant effects of PNMPP on organ coefficients of mice (P < 0.05).
Effects of Pine Nut (Pinus koraiensis) Meal Protein Peptides on Thymus Coefficient and Transformation of the Splenic Lymphocyte of Mice
Authors: Wang Shuang , Liu Xuan Ting , Lin Song Yi , Wang Jia , Jia Ya Ping , Liu Hao Ran , Jiang Yuan
Published: January 2014

One hundred and ten mice, weight in the range of 15 ± 2 g, were divided into eleven treatment groups. The groups were negative control, low, moderate and high dose of more than 30 kDa, 3-10 kDa, 1-3 kDa and the moderate dose of less than 1 kDa. The effects of pine nut (Pinus koraiensis) meal protein peptides (PNMPP) on thymus coefficient, transformation of the splenic lymphocyte and weight changes of mice were studied. The results indicated the thymus coefficient was enhanced by the moderate dose and high dose of more than 30 kDa and the moderate dose of 3-10 kDa and ability of lymphocyte transformation of splenic was enhanced by the low and moderate dose of 3-10 kDa and low dose of 1-3 kDa of PNMPP. No effect of PNMPP on weight changes. And the immunity of mice was enhanced by the moderate dose of 3-10 kDa.
Study on Method of Extraction and Determination of Cucurbitin
Authors: Wang Ying , Ma Qin Chao , Xu Hao Nan , Feng Kun , Tang Yan
Published: January 2014

Cucurbitin is a kind of specific alkaloids in pumpkin seed. The extraction conditions of cucurbitin were optimized as: extraction solvent was 4% dilute hydrochloric acid, rate of material to solvent was 1:20, ultrasonic power was 200 w and ultrasonic time was 75 min. The content of cucurbitin in pumpkin seed was determined by liquid chromatography. The linear between concentration and peak area were good within 160 μg mL-1. The recoveries were 96.50%~102.1%. The relative standard deviation was 1.08%. The results are accurate, true and reliable.
Formation the Polypyrrole / Chitosan / Polylactic Acid Microencapsules
Authors: Ye Hong , Liu Ying , Peng Xiang Hong , Wan Kun , Chen Feng
Published: January 2014

The emulsion of chitosan in acetic acid aqueous and poly lactic acid in chloroform was spray-dried to obtain the chitosan/poly lactic acid microencapsules (CS-PLA). The polypyrrole / chitosan/ polylactic acid microencapsules were prepared by polymerization pyrrole on CS-PLA. The structures and the morphologies of microencapsules were characterized by FTIR, SEM, TGA and four probes technique. The results showed that multilayer polypyrrole were formation on the surface of CS-PLA microencapsules, the microencapsules had 3.0-8.0 μm diameters with smooth surface, and the electrical conductivity value was 1.03×10-3 S/cm.
Effect of Thermal Finishing on the Mechanical Properties of Hollow Polyester Fiber
Authors: Wang Wei Ming , Yu Bo , Feng Yun
Published: January 2014

The effect of thermal setting parameters namely tensile stress, temperature and time on the breaking strength and breaking elongation of hollow polyester (PET) fiber (PorelTM fiber) were investigated, and their synergistic effect was studied via orthogonal experiment. The results show that protection of fiber wall is an important task during thermal finishing process of hollow fiber. There are direct relationships between micro-molecular structure and mechanical properties. Orthogonal experiment analysis shows that the most significant effect factor for breaking strength and breaking elongation are temperature and tensile stress, respectively. The suggested thermal finishing conditions for PorelTM fiber are summarized as following: elongation (viz. tensile stress) 4%, temperature 165°C, and time 60s.
Determination of Free Polyethylene Glycol in Cross-Linked Sodium Hyaluronate Gel
Authors: Zhao Yong Liang , Meng Tian Tian , Wang Wei Guo , Wan Jia Li
Published: January 2014

Abstract: In this study we present a method for the determination of free polyethylene glycol in a gel. We detect the PEG residues of cross-linked sodium hyaluronate gel by spectrophotometry. The pretreatment of cross-linked sodium hyaluronate gel is special and the plot of working curve is unconventional. The precision, the recovery rate with marker, the reliability and repeatability of this method are tested and verified. The results indicated that the method has an excellent linear relationship in the range of 0-40.5µg mL-1. The regression equation is Y=0.0108X+0.2047 (R2=0.9994). The standard deviation of the detection method is 1.10% (n=9). The recovery rate with marker is 97.8% and the repeatability is perfect. In conclusion, the method possesses the properties of simple operation, quickness, excellent stability. Moreover this method can be applied for the quality control of gel products cross-linked by PEG and liquid samples containing PEG.
Research Progress of Nanometer Titanium Dioxide Application
Authors: Wu Chun , Ma Wen Xin , Chen Ya Ping , Li Ying , Chen Yan , Jing Li
Published: January 2014

nanoTiO2 has many excellent properties, showing increasingly broad application prospects, the application of nanometer titanium dioxide research thus became one of the hot spot of research. Mainly in the field of chemical, water treatment field, environmental protection, electrode and nanoTiO2 solar cell areas, the application of the research were summarized, the shortage of the current in the research are pointed out, looks forward to the main research direction in the future.
Preparation of Tungsten-Doped VO2 (M) Nanoparticles through Sol-Gel Method and Hydrothermal Synthesis
Authors: Qi Ji , Zhao Bin , Yu Naisen , Niu Chen , Sun Guan Gran
Published: January 2014

A new process was developed for synthesizing tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide VO2(M) from ammonium metavanadate. The process includes obtaining V2O5by pyrolysing NH4VO3, doping tungsten in V2O5by sol-gel method, and reducing V2O5to VO2(M) with hydrazine by hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to characterizing the product. The experimental results indicated that tungsten doped VO2(M) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized. The product VO2(M) presents mainly rod-like and block-like morphology. The phase transition temperature decreases with tungsten doped amount increasing, the phase transition takes place over the range from 36.23°C to 62.16°C and the largest enthalpy of the phase transition is 16.24J/g.
Microstructure and Properties of Fe-6.5wt%Si Alloys Cores with Core-Shell Structures Prepared by Mechanical Alloying and Spark Plasma Sintering Methods
Authors: Wu Zhao Yang , Li Guang Qiang , Fan Xi'an , Xu Yu Meng , Zhang Zhan , Wan Xiang Liang
Published: January 2014

In this work, the Fe-6.5wt%Si alloy cores with core-shell structures were prepared by Mechanical Alloying and Spark Plasma Sintering methods. The microstructure and magnetic properties of the samples were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer. The results show that the synthesis of the Fe-6.5wt%Si powder with core-shell structures can be completion during mechanical alloying process. And the coreshell structure, Fe-6.5wt%Si as core and SiO2as shell, apparently exists in the sinter cores. The relative densities of sintered cores would ascend with increasing the sintering temperature. The Ms offered upgrade tendency with increasing the sintering temperature, while the Hc curves evolve with almost opposite phases. For the core sintered at 1050 °C, the following magnetic data were observed: Ms = 167.84 emu/g, Mr = 2.26 emu/g, Hc = 11.77 Oe, ρ = 2 μΩm and P15/400 = 2.47 W/kg.
Research on Treatment of the Micro-Polluted Reservoir Water with Ozone Oxidation
Authors: Liu Qi Feng
Published: January 2014

Bench and pilot scale pre-oxidation treatment runs were performed on the raw water samples from micro-polluted reservoir. Bench experimental results showed that the particles with large size decreased when ozone pre-oxidation was applied, meanwhile, the organic matters with unsaturated chemical bonds decreased obviously. Pilot experimental results showed that turbidity, UV254,CODMn and total coliform could be treated efficiently by ozone pre-oxidation combined with traditional technologies, but the effectiveness of DOC removal is not obvious. Keywords: ozone oxidation; UV254; Organic matter; micro-polluted water
Study on Influencing Factors of Rapid Identification of Drainage Oil by Conductivity Method
Authors: Wang Bing , Han Song , Tong Shou Hui , Xiao Yi , Li Xiang , Cao Hong Jie , Zhao Xiao Fei , Li Jia Ni
Published: January 2014

Study on influencing factors of rapid identification of drainage oil by conductivity method through experimental, discuss the influence of different operating conditions on the determination results. The effects of oil/water ratio, oscillation time, temperature, and oil type on conductivity were explored. Measured water conductivity of different kinds of oil, analysed the change of the conductivity and the best operating conditions were elected. The results showed that under the condition of normal temperature, shocked the mixture for 30s, the oil/water ratio was 4:1 and subsided for 15 minutes,the conductivity of drainage oil,frying oil and edible oil were 72.7 us/cm34.3us/cm12.5us/cm. The conductivity was largest and the testing results was most sensitive.
Study on Mechanical Properties of Gun-Propellants with RDX.doc
Authors: Liu Jia , Cheng Shan , Wang Yan Hong , Ma Zhong Liang , Xiao Zhong Liang
Published: January 2014

The cyclotrimethylene trinitramine(RDX) added into gun-propellants can improve the energy of the gun-propellants, but influence their mechanical properties. Under the suitable experimental conditions by using the compression test and drop hammer test, the influence to mechanical properties of gun-propellants by RDX content is obtained. The results indicate that with the increase of RDX, the compressive strength of gun-propellants increases, but impact strength decreases. While, the compressive strength of gun-propellants decreases, but impact strength increase when the temperature rises.
The Application of DOW Method for Production Risk Evaluation in Chemical Enterprises
Authors: Mu Bo , Wang Lin , Wang Ting Chun , Wang Xiu Xiang , Zhu Jian Gang
Published: January 2014

The DOW’s Fire and Explosion Index (F&EI) was used to assess the chemical enterprise production safety risk. This article used methanol synthesis unit as an example, according to the characteristic of the hazardous chemical and process of the fertilizer production, conducted risk evaluation of the production unit by Fire and Explosion danger index evaluation method, and proposed suitable safety protection measures aim at the evaluation results.
The Evaluation of Decentralized Wastewater Reuse Based on Environmental Accounting
Authors: Liu Xiao Jun , Wei Ying Jun
Published: January 2014

Decentralized wastewater reclamation and reuse project as a useful complement of Centralized sewage treatment and reuse is a good way to solve water shortages and water environment pollution in urban and surrounding areas. Then the investors tend to focus on the projects financial economic effectiveness when making decisions, hindered the development of decentralized wastewater reclamation and reuse project. To promote decentralized wastewater reclamation and reuse projects rapid growth, proposed decentralized wastewater reclamation and reuse Evaluation System and Model based on environment accounting perspective. Through analyze a project by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model in university in Xi'an. The result shows that this project not only has a good economic benefit, but also they can improve the environment and promote sustainable development of society.
Analysis of Temperature Field of PVC Polymerization Reactor
Authors: Hao Hui Di , Zhu Na , Gao Yong , Cheng Tian Qi , Lei Jian Yong , Zhai Tian
Published: January 2014

In view of the importance in the national industry of PVC,the subject of the PVC polymerization stirred tank uses finite element analysis software (ANSYS) of the thermodynamic analysis,mainly for the temperature field analysis.By observing the displacement vector image and temperature,the heat transfer capacity is enough, and the heat transfer component selection is reasonable.
Study on the Pigging Process of Rich Gas Pipeline
Authors: Wang Wei Qiang , Fan Kai Feng , Wan Yu Fei , Wu Ming , Yang Le
Published: January 2014

Intensive study on flowing properties of two-phase fluid of gas and liquid during pipeline pigging helps to improve the safety operation of rich gas pipeline. Therefore, based on the multiphase fluid transient simulation software, a two-fluid model is employed to study the flowing regulation of gas and liquid in practical operation of natural gas pipeline pigging,especially the change rule of velocity,flow pattern, pressure, liquid holdup ratio, and liquid slug in the passing ball process. The results reveal that three flow patterns appeared in pipeline pigging. They are stratified flow, slug flow and bubble flow. The place where the particular flow pattern appears is related to the terrain. The biggest pressure is found at the entrance, then pressure comes down along the pipeline, and fluctuate according to the fluid amount and terrain; the transient velocity of pig is coherent with the terrain and liquid holdup ratio; small slug flows are easy to gather and form into a longer one. The research can somehow guide to the safety operation of natural gas pipeline pigging.
Application of Molecular Simulation on Wettability and its Alteration
Authors: Zhou Ming Hui , Sun Wen Jie
Published: January 2014

As the mechanical mechanism in interfacial phenomenon, interfacial forces are known as important but difficult to measure experimentally. In recent years, molecular simulation has been rapidly developed to give novel way in inter-molecular forces. In this study, molecular simulation is introduced into wettability and several formulas are presented to model forces and their microscopic effect among water, vapor and quartz phases. A novel dynamic method is proposed to determine the reasonable value of the cutoff distance to calculate the contact angles in vapor-water-quartz systems with and without fluorocarbon surfactants treated using molecular simulation. With other improvement in molecular simulation, the results of the contact angles are closely consistent with the measured data.
Evaluation of NOX Removal from Simulated Flue Gas by "Absorption-Oxidation-Reduction" Method
Authors: Li Bao Lin , Li Ming Yu , Liu Hai Hao , Cao Gang , Ren Gang , Song Lin , Ye Xiang Dong
Published: January 2014

This paper presented a new method of absorption-oxidation-reduction which used ferrous sulfate solution as absorbent, oxygen as oxidizer and urea as reducer to remove NOX from flue gas based on the properties of Fe2+, NO, [Fe (NO)]2+ and urea. These properties included that Fe2+ and NO could produce [Fe (NO)]2+, furthermore [Fe (NO)]2+ was easy to be oxidized by O2, as well as urea can reduce HNO2 and HNO3 in the absorption liquid. This research was to discuss its absorption and removal mechanism with the influence of the initial urea concentration, pH value, initial NOX concentration and gas flow rate on the NOX removal efficiency. The results showed that the removal efficiency of NOX would increase when the initial concentration of urea and NOX increased, while the pH value and gas flow rate decreased.
Effects of Temperature and Mineralizer on In2O3 Crystals Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method
Authors: Zheng Wen Li , Yang Wei
Published: January 2014

In ( OH )3, InOOH and In2O3crystals were synthesized by hydrothermal method, using pure water, 1mol/L KOH and 5mol/L KOH as mineralizer, the fill factor of 35%, reacted at the temperature of 200°C, 250°C and 350°C respectively, and time of 24 h. The phase transformation rule of In ( OH )3, InOOH and In2O3was studied in different temperatures and mineralizer, and their morphology have been analyzed. When pure water was used, temperature was 200°C , the results showed that In ( OH )3crystalline phase was no obvious transformation and secondary crystallization, the crystal had nonspecific morphology. While temperature was 250°C and 350°C, the In ( OH )3crystal transformed into InOOH. When 1 mol/L KOH and 5 mol/L KOH was used, temperature was 200°C , the In ( OH )3crystal had secondary crystallization. In particular, the largest-scale crystal was about 20 μm, the smallest crystal was less than 200 nm when 5 mol/L KOH was used. InOOH crystal and a small amount of In2O3were obtained in 250°C. When temperature reached 350°C , the In2O3with cubic bixbyite structure was obtained, exposing the faces { 001}, { 010}, { 100} and { 101}, and the length of crystal side was more than 50 μm.
Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation of Dye Wastewater Using Fe2O3-CeO2/γ-Al2O3 as Catalyst
Authors: Li Hong Ya , Yan Biao , Zhao Bin Xia , Zhang Xiao Li
Published: January 2014

Fe2O3-CeO2/γ-Al2O3 was used as catalyst for treating the dye wastewater by catalytic wet peroxide oxidation method, the effect of reaction temperature, initial pH value of the wastewater, dosage of catalyst and hydrogen peroxide on the COD removal were studied. Results showed that 90.3% of COD removal rate can be obtained under the condition of 90°C, pH=7, 0.8g catalyst/100 mL wasterwater, and 6mL H2O2 /100 mL wasterwater.
A Green Method for Synthesis of 5H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine Derivatives Catalyzed by [Hnmp]HSO4 Lonic Liquid
Authors: Liu Si Jie , Zhou Ran , Yue Hong Kun , Shi Lan Xiang
Published: January 2014

An efficient and green approach to the synthesis of 5H-thiazolo [3,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives using N-methyl pyrrolidone hydrosulfate ( [Hnmp]HSO4 ) ionic liquid as the catalyst is described. This green catalytic system can be recycled several times without any substantial decrease in the yields and reaction rates. The catalyst loading are high.
Influence of Furnace Cooling Time on Precipitation of β-Mg17Al12 Phase of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Zhang Ju Mei , Nan Gai Juan , Li Huan Huan , Zhao Wen Fen , Cao Zhen , Zhang Miao
Published: January 2014

The annealing treatment of AZ91 cast magnesium alloy was carried out at 415°C for 24h and the alloy was then slowly cooled to room temperature in furnace. As a results, the coarse divorced eutectic phase distributed along the grain boundary dissolve into Mg matrix during the isothermal process, and the thin lamellar β-Mg17Al12 phase precipitates from the magnesium solid solution with a type of pearlite precipitation during furnace cooling. During the cooling process of annealing treatment, the number of β phases as perlite-type were increased with the furnace cooling time. In the early stage of furnace cooling, the β phase nucleated preferentially in the grain near the boundary, only a small quantity of β phase precipitates.In the subsequent cooling process, the rate of precipitate about β phase increased remarked as the time of furnace cooling prolonging, the number of β phase increases dramatically, and the lamellar β phase evenly distributes inside most of the grain.
Research on the Influence of Drying Method on Ink Penetration of Coated Paper
Authors: Li Ying , Gu Wen Juan , He Bang Gui
Published: January 2014

The aim of this study was to obtain the effect of drying methods on surface properties and ink penetration. Laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) was used in order to characterize the penetration depth through quantitative analysis. Fluorescent ink was used to observe and characterize ink penetration and distribution by LSCM. The results showed that the drying methods had an important role on the surface properties and ink penetration of coated paper. Infrared drying compared with vacuum drying and hot air drying was good to improve the paper properties, which resulted in low roughness, high gloss, low ink absorption and high paper surface efficiency. It could be concluded that infrared drying compared with vacuum drying and hot air drying resulted in the highest print density and better printability.
Study on Coupling Effect of Hydrogen Pressure Stress Field of Micropores in the Heavy Forgings
Authors: Du Feng Shan , Li Jie , Fan Jun Kai , Li Yuan , Tan Tian Yu
Published: January 2014

On the basis of the principle of hydrogen pressure, this paper makes a comprehensive research about coupling effect of the stress field in the micropores in the condition of hydrogen pressure. According to the equation of Kazinczy Pokinger, calculation model of hydrogen pressure strength of the micropores in the heavy forgings is established with the temperature and hydrogen content. Summarize the relative position of crack in the forgings into four combinations, and use the finite element software to analyze the coupling strength of four different combinations of cracks under hydrogen pressure stress field. Analysis results show that, different relative position relationship between cracks and the size of the micro cracks have different effect on coupling effect of hydrogen pressure stress field in micro cracks.
Viscoelastic Properties of Constant Viscosity Natural Rubber with Mercaptan
Authors: Zeng Zong Qiang , Yu He Ping , Wang Qi Fang , Wei Fei Yun , Liu Hong Chao
Published: January 2014

2-mercaptobenzothiazole was used to deal with natural rubber (NR) latex to prepare constant viscosity natural rubber (CV-NR) in this research. The dynamic viscoelastic behavior of CV-NR of raw rubber, rubber compound and vulcanized rubber was studied through strain and frequency scanning on rubber processing analyzer, and then it was compared with the response curve of NR.
Refractory Metal and its Preparation
Authors: Xu Hong , Yang Hai Li , Wu Ye Kang , Shang Lei , Li Yun Gang
Published: January 2014

The General Status of the Refractory Metal was Reviewed Including its Characteristics and Application. the New Technology Research of Directly Prepared Refractory Metal from Refractory Metal Oxide was Discussed. FFC, OS and SOM Methods were Mainly Introduced. at the same Time, their Advantages and Disadvantages and the Difference between each other were also Pointed out. the Development Trends and Application Prospect of the Refractory Metal in Future were Prospected.
Numerical Simulation of Micro Flow Field on Biomimetic Sharkskin Micro-Grooved Surface
Authors: Luo Yue Hao , Liu Yu Fei
Published: January 2014

It is well-known that sharkskin surface has the effect of inhibiting the occurrence of turbulence and reducing the wall resistance, however, the drag reduction mechanism has developed into an urgent problem to be resolved now. According to the actual circumstance, for purpose of obtaining the best drag-reducing efficiency, the biomimetic sharkskin micro-grooved surface is designed according to the relevant literatures and research achievements, and numerical simulation of the micro flow field on the biomimetic sharkskin surface is carried out comprehensivley, which has the important significance to explain the drag reduction mechanism.
Analysis and Evaluation of Nutrient Composition of the Factory Farming Jade Perch
Authors: Wei Ya , Zhao Yong Qiang , Hao Shu Xian , Cen Jian Wei , Huang Hui , Lin Wan Ling , Li Lai Hao
Published: January 2014

Jade perch (Scortum barcoo) meat nutrition analysis and evaluation was carried out in this paper, results showed that: the protein content, fat content and total amino acid content of Jade perch are 18.4%, 9.0% and 19.99% respectively. As a balanced amino acid combination, it contains a variety of amino acids necessary for the meat, glutamic acid content of up to 3.10%, delicious amino acids in the total amino acid content 7.64%. Jade perch has a lower fat content, but rich in unsaturated fatty acids, DHA content is 3.36%, rich in Ca, Fe, Zn, Se and other trace elements, in the jade perch, the heavy metals and other toxic substances analysis showed that they are in line with national health and safety standards, the Jade Perch is a good quality, high nutritional value of edible fish.
Canine Pregnancy Test and Diagnostic Research on Obstetric Diseases Based on B Ultrasound Application
Authors: Yao Wan
Published: January 2014

B ultrasonic technology is characterized by safety, no damage, simple operation, quick conclusion and high coincidence rate. Based on the application of B ultrasonic technology, the canine pregnancy test and research on the diagnostic methods of obstetric diseases are made; through the analysis based on the typical B ultrasound diagnosis, the canine pregnancy test and the diagnosis of the obstetric diseases are achieved, and the scientific methods and means are provided for the examination of the canine reproductive system.
Comparison Study on Hospital Wastewater Disinfection Technology
Authors: Chen Lin , Zhou Hong , Yu Bo , Huang Zheng Wen
Published: January 2014

Chlorine, Sodium hypochlorite, Chlorine dioxide, Ozone and Ultraviolet ray disinfection are often used for hospital wastewater sterilization, among which, the comparison in technology and economy have been made in order to put forward the practical method for county and town level hospital wastewater treatment. And it is recommended that effective complex chlorine dioxide generator be used as the preferred method of wastewater sterilization.
Coupling Analysis of Electroencephalogram Based on Mutual Mode Entropy
Authors: Ji Ning , Dai Jia Fei , Wang Jun
Published: January 2014

This paper presents a mutual mode entropy algorithm to quantify the degree of coupling between two simultaneous acquisition of beta rhythm EEG time series. Applying the algorithm to calculate beta rhythm EEG and hypothesis testing, the results show that coupling degree was significantly different between different physiological states which indicating that mutual mode entropy can be used to analyze the coupling between the time series. The mutual mode entropy also can be parameter measuring brain state which can be applied to assist future clinical evaluation of brain function.
Effect of Sulfate Concentration on Biohydrogen Production by Enriched Anaerobic Sludge
Authors: Wang Bo , Yin Ya Nan , Cheng Rong , Zhang Qiong , Wang Liang , Yang Yang , Wang Jian Long
Published: January 2014

The effect of SO2-4 concentration ranging from 0 to 10 g/L on fermentative hydrogen production by enriched anaerobic sludge was investigated using glucose as substrate at 35°C and initial pH 7.0. The experimental results showed that the hydrogen yield increased with increasing SO2-4 concentration from 0 to 0.05 g/L. The maximum maximum hydrogen yield of 272.2 mL/g glucose were obtained at the SO2-4 concentration of 0.05 g/L. The average hydrogen production rate increased with increasing SO2-4 concentration from 0 to 0.1 g/L and the maximum average hydrogen production rate of 8.4 mL/h was obtained at the SO2-4 concentration of 0.1 g/L. The Han-Levenspiel model could describe the effect of SO2-4 concentration on average hydrogen production rate successfully.
Expression Profile Analysis and Target Gene Prediction of Three Conserved MicroRNAs in Resistant Gossypium hirsutum Cv. KV-1 Responding to Verticillium dahliae
Authors: He Xiao Hong , Shi Min , Sun Quan , Cai Ying Fan
Published: January 2014

Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of plant growth, development, flowering, metabolism, and responses to stress. Verticillium wilt is a vascular disease in plants caused by the fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae. In order to find and investigate miRNAs related to the upland cotton variety Zhongzhimian KV-1 resistant Verticillium wilt, deep sequencing technology was used to construct small RNA libraries of two samples, which from seedlings of KV-1 cotton by different pathogenicity strains Verticillium wilt pathogen infections. The V. dahliae strains D07038 and V991 were used in this study and are moderately virulent and virulent, respectively. miRNAs with differential expression among the samples were obtained through analysis of sequencing data and three miRNAs (miR1423a-5p, miR3444a-5p and miR5562) were chosen to be identified by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). At the same time, their target genes were predicted. The results of qRT-PCR were consistent, which indicated 3444a-5p and miR5562 were with the highest expression level in virulent condition, but miR1423a-5p was a low-level expression. The results of experiments agreed with deep sequencing data basically. Analysis of the transcript data for target genes of three conserved miRNAs indicated that they play an important role in plant-pathogen interaction mechanism. The identification and characterisation of miRNAs from upland cotton may help to further the study of miRNA regulatory mechanisms that are involved in resistance to Verticillium wilt.
Modified Synthesis of 2-Ethoxycarbonyl-3,4-Diethyl-Pyrrole and the Corresponding Octaethylporphyrin
Authors: Liu Qi Feng
Published: January 2014

In the synthesis of 2-ethoxycarbonyl-3, 4-diethyl-pyrrole (1) by the Barton-Zard reaction of 4-acetoxy-3-nitrohexane (1b) with ethyl isocyanoacetate, the organic base 1, 8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU) and the solvent tetrahydrofuran (THF) were replaced with K2CO3 and ethanol, respectively. Moreover, the preparation of the intermediate 1b from 1a by acetylation reaction was carried out by employing acetyl chloride in boiling toluene solution instead of acetic anhydride and the catalyst concentrated sulfuric acid. After treatment of 1 with excess LiAlH4 at low temperature, the crude product 1c (α-hydroxymethyl-3, 4-diethyl-pyrrole) was immediately reacted via a tetramerization in the presence of the catalyst BF3.OEt2 in crude CHCl3,followed by oxidation of 2, 3-dichloro-5, 6-dicyano-1, 4-benzoquinone (DDQ) to provide the corresponding octaethylporphyrin 2. The results indicate that using BF3.OEt2 as catalyst instead of p-toluenesulphonic acid (p-TsOH)in the synthesis of 2 from 1c can obviously increase the yield of product 2 up to 80% from 69%.
Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for Chinese Fermentation Paocai with Enterococcus faecium IN3531 as a Starter by Single Factor Method
Authors: Liu Wen Li , Zhang Lan Wei , Shi John , Yi Hua Xi
Published: January 2014

The strain Enterococcus faeciumIN3531, a bacteriocin producer, was used as a starter culture for traditional fermentationpaocai in china. By single factor experiment, the technological conditionsof Chinese fermentation paocai using Enterococcus faecium IN3531 as a starterwere optimizated, andparameters of optimization included the initial saltconcentration, the inoculum size, the fermentation temperatureand the ratio of material to liquid. Theresearch results showed that,the suitable fermentationconditions were the initial saltconcentration of 2%,the inoculum size of 3%, the fermentation temperature of 37 °C, the ratio of materialto liquid of 30%, fermentation time of 108 hours. Titratable acidity in fermentationterminus was 0.80%.
Phytochemical Study and its Quantity and Quality of Fresh and Freeze-Dried Young Coconut Juice (Cocos nucifera L.)
Authors: Rattanaburee P. , Amnuaikit T. , Radenahmad N. , Puripattanavong J.
Published: January 2014

Young coconut juice (YCJ) from aromatic green dwarf variety fruit of Cocos nucifera L. (Family Arecaceae) is high valuated because of its nutritional and pharmacological properties (wound healing, anti-Alzheimer, anti aging). Due to the storage and handling problems, YCJ has been prepared in dry form by freeze-drying process in this study. The % yield of freeze-dried YCJ powder was 6.62 ± 0.28 %. Both of them (fresh and freeze-dried YCJ) were further studied on phytochemical, physical, chemical and microbiological properties. The results showed that β-sitosterol was isolated and identified by means of spectral data and their physical properties. The HPLC-parameters (linearity, repeatability, accuracy and specificity) were evaluated. The concentrations of β-sitosterol in HPLC analysis of both fresh and freeze-dried YCJ were 89.67 ± 0.01 and 31.84 ± 1.56 μg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, there was no significant (p>0.05) difference in physicochemical analysis in between both products. Therefore, the microbiological analysis of these products was within standard range of Thai community products standard (TCPS). In conclusion, Freeze-dried YCJ was observed to be the suitable technique to obtain the dry extract of young coconut juice.
Preparation and Performance of Controlled-Release Tablets of Sasanquasaponin-Sodium Alginate-Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose
Authors: Liu Xiao Zhou , Liu Xiao Zhen , Lai Zhong Fang , Song Yue Xing , Zhai Li
Published: January 2014

The controlled-release tablets of sasanquasaponin-sodium alginate-hydroxy-propyl methyl cellulose (SQS-SAL-HPMC) were prepared by using SQS, SAL and HPMC as the main drug and accessories. The effects of the preparation method of the controlled-release powder and the amount of ethanol on release rate respectively were studied. The release rate curve of the data of the prescription of the controlled-release tablets of SQS-SAL-HPMC were fitted as zero order, one order and Higuchi equation. The controlled-release tablet of SQS-SAL-HPMC was characterized by IR techniques. The releasing rate of the controlled-release tablets of SQS-SAL-HPMC are controlled by controlling the preparation method of the controlled-release powder and the amount of ethanol. The controlled- release tablets of SQS-SAL-HPMC release SQS by slowness and constant in 12h. The chemical bonds are formed among SQS, SAL and HPMC.
Effect of Dendritic Architecture on Photochromism of Spiropyran Functionalized Dendrigraft Polybutadiene
Authors: Zhang Yu , Yu Tian Jiao , Zhang Yan , Li Yang
Published: January 2014

This paper demonstrated the photochromic behavior of two novel spiropyran functionalized dendrigraft polybutadiene with linear-comb and star-comb architectures (LC-PB-Sp and SC-PB-Sp, respectively). LC-PB-Sp and SC-PB-Sp were synthesized via the combination of anionic polymerization and click chemistry methodology. The photochromic behavior was investigated based on UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results showed that the coloring speed was in an order of v (Sp) >v (SC-PB-Sp) >v (LC-PB-Sp), while the discoloration speed exhibited in an order of v (SC-PB-Sp) >v (LC-PB-Sp) >v (Sp), suggesting that the nonpolar dendritic PB matrices tended to stabilize the nonpolar closed form of spiropyran. Furthermore, the retrieval rate of SC-PB-Sp was much faster than its corresponding LC-PB-Sp due to its more compact structure.
Surface Characteristics, Chemical Composition and Ni Release of NiTi Wire in Different pH
Authors: Tua-Ngam Peerapong , Dechkunakorn Surachai , Anuwongnukroh Niwat
Published: January 2014

Objective: To study the surface characteristics, chemical composition and Ni release from simulated standard fixed orthodontic appliance ligated with two differently priced nickel titanium (NiTi) archwires in artificial saliva at pH 5.14 and 6.69 for 4 weeks at 37oC. Materials and Methods: Two commercial NiTi rectangular wire (Ormco and Smart), 0.016 x 0.022 in size were studied. Their surface characteristics were evaluated: surface morphology by scanning electron microscope, surface roughness by surface roughness tester and grain structure analysis by optical microscope. Their chemical composition was analyzed by an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDC). For Ni release, twenty-eight simulated standard fixed orthodontic appliance samples sets, each set corresponding to one half-maxillary arch were used. Sample sets were divided in 2 groups (14 sets per group). The first group was ligated with Ormco NiTi archwires (USA) and the second with Smart NiTi archwires (China) with elastomeric ligatures. Half sets of each group were immersed in 50 ml artificial saliva at pH 5.14, and the other half at pH 6.69. Ni release was quantified with the use of flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Statistical analysis of variance was determined on days 1, 4, 7, 9, 14, 21 and 28 comparing Ni release between the groups and t-test was determined the difference between pH 5.14 and pH 6.69. Results: The suface morphology showed striations along the longitudinal axes. The Ormco NiTi wire had more surface roughness than Smart NiTi wire and the diameter of grain sizes were 2-8 μm. The chemical composition of the two NiTi wires was Ni, Ti, Cu, Al, and Cr but there was difference in the percentage of elements. Both Ormco NiTi and Smart NiTi wires continuously increased Ni release at time intervals at both pH levels. The Ormco NiTi wire had more Ni release at pH 6.69 than pH 5.14 but Smart NiTi wire had more Ni release at pH 5.14 than 6.69. At 4 weeks, the Ni release of one half-maxillary arch was 1.221 ppm (1221 μg/l) at pH 5.14, 1.267 ppm (1267 μg/l) at pH6.69 for Ormco NiTi wire and 2.175 ppm (2175 μg/l) at pH 5.14, 0.676 ppm (676 μg/l) at pH 6.69 for Smart NiTi wire. No significant difference was found in Ni release from Ormco and Smart NiTi wires at pH 5.14. At pH 6.69, no significant difference was found in Ni release from Ormco NiTi wires while Smart NiTi wire showed significant difference (p <0.05) on days 14, 21 and 28. Conclusion: Ni release depends on surface characteristics and chemical composition of archwires and pH.
Expression of Cytosolic Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in Response to Rice Blast Infection
Authors: Su Jing , Wang Cong Ying , Chen Shen , Zhu Xiao Yuan
Published: January 2014

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a ubiquitous enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes an important energy-yielding step in carbohydrate metabolism in the cytoplasm. Independent of its glycolytic activity, evident shown that GAPDH playing roles in several non-metabolic processes such as control of gene expression in response to various stimuli. Moreover it has been shown to be regulated at the transcriptional levels in response to various stimuli, including ROS-triggered responses. In this study, we demonstrated that the mRNA expression of a cytoplasm GAPDH (GAPC2) in response to blast infection in rice leave. The result suggested that the expression of this gene may relative to the disease resistance.
Protective Effect of Ginsenoside Rb1 Mixing with Several Lung Flush Solutions on Pulmonary Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Lin Feng Wu , Zhang Chuan , Zhang Qiang , Cheng Kun Peng , Gao Nan , Han Zhen Guo , Zhao Yan
Published: January 2014

Objective: To evaluate the protective effects of ginsenoside Rb1 mixed with LPD compared to mixed with several other lung flush solutions on ischemia-reperfusion injury. Method: Three group of rabbit lungs were perfused with three kinds of mixtures of ginsenoside Rb1 with blood, Euro-Collins solution(EC) or low-potassium-dextran solution(LPD) respectively, then lung dry/wet weight ratio and malondiadehyde(MAD) were examined and histological changes were observed. Result: Lung dry/wet weight ratio of LPD and Rb1 group was higher than that of EC and Rb1 and blood and Rb1 groups, whereas MAD of LPD and Rb1 group was significantly less than that of EC and Rb1 and blood and Rb1 groups（P<0.05）. Histological findings showed less damage in LPD and Rb1 group. Conclusion: Ginsenoside Rb1 mixed with LPD shows a better protective effect on pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury compared with other mixtures.
Influence of Anti-Rutting Agent on the Pavement Performance of Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Gao Feng , Zhang Qiu Shu
Published: January 2014

With the increase of traffic volume and axle load, asphalt pavement rutting has become one of the major damage of highway. Adding anti-rutting agent in asphalt mixture is a kind of effective mean to prevent pavement rutting. In this paper, RA anti-rutting agent is selected as the admixture. Laboratory test is taken to study the pavement performance of asphalt mixture and analyze the influence of anti-rutting agent on the pavement performance of asphalt mixture.
Particleboard Produced with Sawmill Waste of Different Wood Species
Authors: Simal Alves Luciane , da Silva Sérgio Augusto Mello , dos Anjos Azambuja Maximiliano , Varanda Luciano Donizeti , Christofóro Andre Luis , Lahr Francisco Antonio Rocco
Published: January 2014

This study aimed to investigate physical performance of particleboards produced with waste from sawmills, containing different wood species, and two adhesives: urea-formaldehyde (UF) based resin and castor-oil (PU) based bi-component polyurethane resin. Panels were produced with nominal density 0.8gcm-3; pressing temperature 110°C; pressing time 10 min; specific pressure 5 MPa. Water absorption (2 and 24h); thickness swelling (2 and 24h); density; and moisture content were investigated. Results confirmed that the produced panels presented compatible physical properties in comparison with other researches referred in literature, proving the feasibility of inputs employed. Panels produced PU showed better performance than those produced with UF.
Influence on Desulfurization Capacity of Flue Gas Desulfurization Solution
Authors: Li Jian Ming , Zhang Xiao Long , Qiu Zheng Qiu , Wang Jian Shan , Ren Yan Li
Published: January 2014

In view of troubles during the operation of desulfurization device for Pangang 260 m2 sintering machine, influence on absorption/desorption capacity of the desulfurization solution was investigated, including concentrations of Na+, SO42- and desulfurization solution. The results showed that it was beneficial for sulfur dioxide (SO2) absorption and there was no significant effect on desorption efficiency, when Na+ and SO42- concentration was lower than 15 g/L and 67 g/L, respectively. When the concentration of desulfurization solution reached 113 g/L, Na+ and SO42-concentrations had no significant effect on absorption/desorption of the desulfurization solution. The results also indicated that desorption was more difficult with higher of the desulfurization solution concentration. The desorption efficiency of 113 g/L desulfurization solution was 10 %-17 % lower than that of 69 g/L desulfurization solution.
SERS-Active Ag Decorated Polymer Nanorod Substrate Fabricated by the Combination of Photochemical Reduction and Nanoimprint Technology
Authors: Liu Si Si , Xu Zhi Mou , Sun Tang You , Zhao Wen Ning , Wu Xing Hui , Ma Zhi Chao , Zhang Xue Ming , He Jian , Chen Cun Hua
Published: January 2014

We demonstrated a cost-effective and simple method of fabricating Ag-decorated polymer nanorod (ADPN) array by the combination of fabricated by the combination of photochemical reduction and nanoimprint technology. Here, nanoimprint lithography is utilized to fabricate polymer nanorod array as the periodic temple. Subsequently, ADPNs array can be achieved via UV irradiating. The as-synthesized ADPNs array exhibited a remarkable SERS activity and Raman signal reproducibility to rhodamine 6G, a concentration down to 1011 M can be identified. Our results revealed that the ADPN array is a highly desirable candidate as the reliable enhancer for high performance SERS analysis.
Mechanical Reliability of Oxidized Zircaloy-4 Alloy Nuclear Cladding Tube in Compression
Authors: Jeong Gu Beom , Hong Sun Ig
Published: January 2014

Ring compression tests on the oxidized Zircaloy-4 cladding tubes were performed to examine the mechanical reliability of Zircaloy-4 cladding tubes. In compression of the non-oxidized cladding tubes, large load drop associated with the cladding failure appeared at the total displacement of 6.3 mm. After oxidation at 600°C for 24 hrs and 700°C for 3 hrs, small drop of load resulting from small cracks in the thin oxide film was observed at the total displacement of 1.0 mm. After oxidation at 700°C for 24hrs, load was extremely low, but catastrophic fracture occurred at the total displacement of 2.4~2.8 mm. The oxide of Zircaloy-4 cladding tubes formed at high temperature apparently causes the premature failure of tubes.