bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A large retroperitoneal lipoblastoma as an incidental finding: a case report
Authors: Gerhard-Hartmann Elena , Wiegering Verena , Benoit Clemens , Meyer Thomas , Rosenwald Andreas , Maurus Katja , Ernestus Karen
Published: April 2021

Background

Lipoblastoma is a rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm of infancy that most commonly occurs on the extremities and trunk but can arise at variable sites of the body. Retroperitoneal lipoblastomas are particularly rare but can grow to enormous size, and preoperative diagnosis is difficult with diverse, mostly malignant differential diagnoses that would lead to aggressive therapy. Since lipoblastoma is a benign tumor that has an excellent prognosis after resection, correct diagnosis is crucial.

Case presentation

A case of a large retroperitoneal tumor of a 24-month old infant that was clinically suspicious of a malignant tumor is presented. Due to proximity to the right kidney, clinically most probably a nephroblastoma or clear cell sarcoma of the kidney was suspected. Radiological findings were ambiguous. Therefore, the mass was biopsied, and histology revealed an adipocytic lesion. Although mostly composed of mature adipocytes, in view of the age of the patient, the differential diagnosis of a (maturing) lipoblastoma was raised, which was supported by molecular analysis demonstrating a HAS2-PLAG1 fusion. The tumor was completely resected, and further histopathological workup led to the final diagnosis of a 13 cm large retroperitoneal maturing lipoblastoma. The child recovered promptly from surgery and showed no evidence of recurrence so far.

Conclusion

Although rare, lipoblastoma should be included in the differential diagnoses of retroperitoneal tumors in infants and children, and molecular diagnostic approaches could be a helpful diagnostic adjunct in challenging cases.
Targeting CXCR2 inhibits the progression of lung cancer and promotes therapeutic effect of cisplatin
Authors: Cheng Yuan , Mo Fei , Li Qingfang , Han Xuejiao , Shi Houhui , Chen Siyuan , Wei Yuquan , Wei Xiawei
Published: April 2021

Background

Drug-resistance and severe side effects of chemotherapeutic agents result in unsatisfied survival of patients with lung cancer. CXCLs/CXCR2 axis plays an important role in progression of cancer including lung cancer. However, the specific anti-cancer mechanism of targeting CXCR2 remains unclear.

Methods

Immunohistochemical analysis of CXCR2 was performed on the microarray of tumor tissues of clinical lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma patients. CCK8 test, TUNEL immunofluorescence staining, PI-Annexin V staining, β-galactosidase staining, and Western blot were used to verify the role of CXCR2 in vitro. Animal models of tail vein and subcutaneous injection were applied to investigate the therapeutic role of targeting CXCR2. Flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunohistochemistry analysis were performed for further mechanistic investigation.

Results

The expression of CXCR2 was elevated in both human lung cancer stroma and tumor cells, which was associated with patients’ prognosis. Inhibition of CXCR2 promoted apoptosis, senescence, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and anti-proliferation of lung cancer cells. In vivo study showed that tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) were significantly infiltrate into tumor tissues of mouse model, with up-regulated CXCLs/CXCR2 signaling and suppressive molecules, including Arg-1 and TGF-β. SB225002, a selective inhibitor of CXCR2 showed promising therapeutic effect, and significantly reduced infiltration of neutrophils and enhanced anti-tumor T cell activity via promoting CD8+ T cell activation. Meanwhile, blockade of CXCR2 could enhance therapeutic effect of cisplatin via regulation of neutrophils infiltration.

Conclusions

Our finds verify the therapeutic effects of targeting CXCR2 in lung cancer and uncover the potential mechanism for the increased sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents by antagonists of CXCR2.
The m6A RNA methylation regulates oncogenic signaling pathways driving cell malignant transformation and carcinogenesis
Authors: Uddin Mohammad Burhan , Wang Zhishan , Yang Chengfeng
Published: April 2021

The m6A RNA methylation is the most prevalent internal modification in mammalian mRNAs which plays critical biological roles by regulating vital cellular processes. Dysregulations of the m6A modification due to aberrant expression of its regulatory proteins are frequently observed in many pathological conditions, particularly in cancer. Normal cells undergo malignant transformation via activation or modulation of different oncogenic signaling pathways through complex mechanisms. Accumulating evidence showing regulation of oncogenic signaling pathways at the epitranscriptomic level has added an extra layer of the complexity. In particular, recent studies demonstrated that, in many types of cancers various oncogenic signaling pathways are modulated by the m6A modification in the target mRNAs as well as noncoding RNA transcripts. m6A modifications in these RNA molecules control their fate and metabolism by regulating their stability, translation or subcellular localizations. In this review we discussed recent exciting studies on oncogenic signaling pathways that are modulated by the m6A RNA modification and/or their regulators in cancer and provided perspectives for further studies. The regulation of oncogenic signaling pathways by the m6A modification and its regulators also render them as potential druggable targets for the treatment of cancer.
Bilateral pelvic kidneys with upper pole fusion and malrotation: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Khougali Hussam S. , Alawad Omer Ali Mohamed Ahmed , Farkas Nicholas , Ahmed Mohammed Mahgoub Mirghani , Abuagla Alnasri Mohammed
Published: April 2021

Background

The incidence of ectopic kidneys is 1:12,000 clinically and 1:900 postmortem. Patients with pelvic mal-rotated kidneys are more susceptible to recurrent urinary tract infections, recurrent renal stones, and renal injury. Fusion of the kidney lower poles is relatively common compared to other types of renal anomalies.

Case presentation

We present the case of a 36-year-old Sudanese female patient who presented with a long history of recurrent urinary tract infections unresponsive to antibiotics. Ultrasound scan revealed bilateral pelvic kidneys. Computed tomography (CT) urography confirmed bilateral ectopic fused kidneys, with the left kidney mal-rotated (renal pelvis facing upwards and laterally). Kidney infection secondary to vesicoureteral reflux was diagnosed. Antibiotics were prescribed according to culture and sensitivity. The patient responded well to ciprofloxacin.

Conclusion

A history of recurrent urinary tract infections without an apparent cause is highly suggestive of renal anomaly and should be investigated expediently. Ultrasonography or CT imaging may be utilized to aid in diagnosis. Early recognition may help prevent the high risk of end-stage renal failure associated with anomalies.
Commoning of territorial heritage and tools of participated sustainability for the production and enhancement of agro-environmental public goods
Authors: Safonte G. Fabiola , Bellia Claudio , Columba Pietro
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this paper is to analyze how the commoning heritage processes find application for the production of agro-environmental public goods in contexts of high socio-economic marginality and environmental vulnerability, characterized by abandonment and from the consumption of agricultural land for food use. The purpose is to understand how these processes are able to influence, at local level, the governance processes for the implementation of environmental protection strategies. The survey made it possible to verify how the commoning processes aimed at the production of agro-environmental goods generate territorial resilience, understood as a community competence able to structure specific forms of social learning based on priorities identified and defined by the communities. The followed theoretical framework and the methodological approach have allowed on the one hand to draw up a taxonomy of the different territorial dynamics and on the other to identify a mixed indicator system, applicable and replicable also in other contexts, able to describe its dimensions analytically. The assessment of the cognitive elements related to the territorial fabric carried out through the proposed approach has allowed to demonstrate how the knowledge of the territorial capital contributes to the activation of forms of collective intelligence necessary for decision-making processes.
The impact of K-beauty social media influencers, sponsorship, and product exposure on consumer acceptance of new products
Authors: Wang Lei , Lee Jin Hwa
Published: April 2021

This research identified the different ways in which K-beauty social media influencers (SMIs) impact consumers’ tendencies to accept new products by closely investigating their sponsorship displays and product exposure methods. We conducted an experiment to examine how influencers’ posts affect Chinese millennial consumers’ acceptance of new products. We used a 2 (influencer type: celebrity versus general public) × 2 (sponsorship display status: display versus no display) × 2 (product exposure method: exposure versus no exposure) factorial design. The findings reveal that the social media posts that made consumers most likely to accept a new product were created by a general public influencer and did not include a display of any sponsorship affiliation with the product. Additionally, there was a significant interplay between the influencer type, sponsorship display status, and product exposure method regarding consumers’ acceptance intention toward a new product. A consumer was most likely to accept and purchase a new product when three factors (general public influencer, sponsorship displayed, and product exposed) were combined. Based on the findings, we draw important implications and present marketing strategies for companies in the beauty industry that use SMI marketing.
Fabrication of silica/PVA-co-PE nanofiber membrane for oil/water separation
Authors: Chen Yuanli , Fan Hui , Zha Xinlin , Wang Wenwen , Wu Yi , Xiong Yi , Yan Kun , Wang Yuedan , Wang Dong
Published: April 2021

High efficiency and anti-pollution oil/water separation membrane has been widely explored and researched. There are a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface of silica, which has good wettability and can be used for oil-water separation membranes. Hydrophilic silica nanostructures with different morphologies were synthesized by changing templates and contents of trimethylbenzene (TMB). Here, silica nanospheres with radical pores, hollow silica nanospheres and worm-like silica nanotubes were separately sprayed on the PVA-co-PE nanofiber membrane (PM). The abundance of hydroxyl groups and porous structures on PM surfaces enabled the absorption of silica nanospheres through hydrogen bonds. Compared with different silica nanostructures, it was found that the silica/PM exhibited excellent super-hydrophilicity in air and underwater “oil-hating” properties. The PM was mass-produced in our lab through melt-extrusion-phase-separation technique. Therefore, the obtained membranes not only have excellent underwater superoleophobicity but also have a low-cost production. The prepared silica/PM composites were used to separate n-hexane/water, silicone oil/water and peanut oil water mixtures via filtration. As a result, they all exhibited efficient separation of oil/water mixture through gravity-driven filtration.
Analytical solutions and 3D numerical analyses of a shallow tunnel excavated in weak ground: a case from Turkey
Authors: Aygar Ebu Bekir , Gokceoglu Candan
Published: April 2021

Due to the increasing population and resulting transportation needs, the number of subway and high-speed railway projects has also increased. The geometric constraints of such projects have caused many tunnels to be built in weak ground. Thus, weak ground tunnelling has attracted the attention of tunnel engineers and researchers. The main purposes of this study are to analyse the T4 tunnel excavated in weak ground and to compare the results obtained from the analytical solutions and 3D numerical analyses. This study specifically considers the T4 tunnel support system used in the Ankara İzmir High Speed Railway Project (Afyonkarahisar-Banaz Section). The T4 tunnel route encounters weak ground composed of layers of extremely weak mudstone, clayey sand, weakly cemented sandstone, and silty–clay matrix with pebbles. The tunnel overburden ranges from 10 to 35 m, which is shallow. After the excavation work of the T4 tunnel, severe deformation and critical stability problems in the shallow part (where the overburden is approximately 10 m) were encountered inside the tunnel, leading to a halt in construction. This was followed by revisions to the tunnel support system, leading to successful completion of the tunnel excavation. Numerical simulations of the low overburden section are performed using the commercially available FLAC3D program that uses the finite difference method. The characteristics of insufficient/ineffective support systems and adequate support systems for shallow tunnels excavated through weak ground are discussed in this study. Additionally, problems that pertain to the tunnel itself and its support system are discussed. The results of the 3D numerical analyses and analytical solutions are compared, and the advantages of 3D numerical analyses are discussed. The importance and necessity of tunnel face stability and roof stability for tunnel stability in weak ground is illustrated. Consequently, solutions based on analytical and numerical analyses are presented, and the analysis methodology and solutions proposed in the study can help guide weak ground tunnelling design and evaluation.
Identification of satellited markers by microdissection and fluorescence in situ hybridization: a clinical case of isodicentric chromosome 22
Authors: Lemskaya Natalya A. , Romanenko Svetlana A. , Maksimova Yulia V. , Shorina Asia R. , Yudkin Dmitry V.
Published: April 2021

Background

The presence of small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMCs) in a karyotype leads to diagnostic questions because the resulting extra material may cause abnormal development depending on the origin of the duplication/triplication. Because SMCs are so small, their origin cannot be determined by conventional cytogenetic techniques, and new molecular cytogenetic methods are necessary. Here, we applied a target approach to chromosome rearrangement analysis by isolating a chromosome of interest via microdissection and using it in fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) as a probe in combination with whole-chromosome painting probes. This approach allows to identify origins of both the euchromatin and repeat-rich regions of a marker.

Case presentation

We report a case of an adult male with congenital atresia of the rectum and anus, anotia, and atresia of the external auditory canal along with hearing loss. Karyotyping and FISH analysis with whole-chromosome painting probes of acrocentric chromosomes and the constructed microdissection library of the marker chromosome reliably identified an additional chromosome in some metaphases: mos 47,XY,+idic(22)(q11.2)[14]/46,XY [23].

Conclusion

We propose to use whole-chromosome libraries and microdissected chromosomes in FISH to identify SMCs enriched with repeated sequences. We show that the methodology is successful in identifying the composition of a satellited marker chromosome.
Management of constipation in patients with schizophrenia—a case study and review of literature
Authors: Sarangi Ashish , Armin Sabiha , Vargas Aurelio , Chu Victoria M. , Fain Kristen , Nelson Jessica
Published: April 2021

Background

Schizophrenia is a disorder that affects about 1% of the US population, with an extensive impact on patients’ health and their risk of later developing comorbidities from treatment. While literature on the side effect profile of antipsychotics is abundant, there are few studies on identification of anticholinergic effects on gut motility and prophylaxis development. The aim of this review is to consider antipsychotic-associated constipation in patients with schizophrenia and to discuss management of antipsychotic-induced constipation as documented in the literature.

Main body

We present a case of antipsychotic-induced constipation and conducted a literature review assessing the prevalence of this issue in this population. The search was done on Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases. Key word searches included constipation with concurrent antipsychotic use, antipsychotics and anticholinergic effects, factors causing constipation in schizophrenia, social disparities involved with constipation, and colorectal cancer screenings.

Main findings included high complication rates that may be explained by clozapine-specific side effects, negative health habits, disease, and treatment-related metabolic disorders. Co-existing negative symptoms could also be associated with health outcomes and was found to have adverse consequences on schizophrenia progression. Comorbidities of diabetes and cardiovascular complications contributed to gut hypomotility. Caregiver burden was a factor in delayed recognition of constipation as a side effect. Routine surveillance for symptoms and optimization of medications facilitates early recognition of constipation.

Conclusion

Overall, there is insufficient trial-based evidence to compare the effectiveness and safety of common pharmacological interventions for constipation, such as lactulose, polyethylene glycol, stool softeners, and lubricant laxatives.
Cord levels of zinc and copper in relation to maternal serum levels in different gestational ages
Authors: Abdellatif May , Elhawary Ismail Mohamed , Mahmoud Marwa Mohamed , Youness Eman R. , Abuelhamd Walaa Alsharany
Published: April 2021

Background

A few published data on maternal and cord levels of zinc and copper with conflicting results were reported. We aimed to measure zinc and copper levels in the maternal blood and cord blood of newborns and correlate their levels with the gestational age and anthropometric measurements. This cross-sectional study included 75 full-term and preterm neonates and their mothers. These neonates were divided into 2 groups according to their gestational age. Serum levels of copper and zinc were estimated for the mothers of the studied neonates as well as their cord samples. This was done using atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

Results

The mean cord serum zinc in full term was 0.88 ± 0.18 μg/ml whereas in preterms was 0.73 ± 0.13 μg/ml. The mean cord copper in full term was 1.37 ± 0.26 μg/ml, whereas in preterms was 0.75 ± 0.28 μg/ml. Comparison between cord zinc and copper levels and maternal levels were statistically significant (p < 0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between zinc levels in neonates and their mothers (r 0.644; p < 0.000) and a similar positive correlation was found between copper levels in neonates and their mothers (r 0.625; p 0.000). A highly significant positive correlation was found between cord zinc and copper and anthropometric measurements.

Conclusion

The present work draws our attention to the significant correlation between trace elements in pregnant mothers and fetal development. Also, prematurity adversely influences zinc and copper levels in neonates.
Reduction of intussusception under general anesthesia by hydrostatic technique: the RIGHT technique
Authors: Chand Karunesh , Patcharu Ravi , Parikh Badal , Yadav Arun Kumar
Published: April 2021

Background

Intussusception is the one of the commonest causes of intestinal obstruction requiring urgent attention in early childhood. There is no gold standard of non-operative reduction. We report our 6 years’ experience in non-operative reduction using our “RIGHT” (Reduction of Intussusception under General anesthesia using Hydrostatic Technique) technique, emphasizing the need to perform the procedure in the operating room (OR) under general anesthesia. This prospective observational study covering the period from July 2014 till May 2020 included patients diagnosed with intussusception. Hydrostatic reduction was performed in the OR under general anesthesia by infusing a saline enema and the reduction was confirmed by ultrasound.

Results

Forty-eight patients underwent reduction using the RIGHT technique. Successful reduction was achieved in 44 (91.6%) patients. Four (8.3%) patients needed surgery, three (6.2%) due to failed reduction and one (2.0%) due to perforation. One (2.2%) patient developed a recurrence.

Conclusions

The “RIGHT” technique is a combination of the best available techniques of reduction of intussusception. It ensures patient safety by being performed in the OR, being pain free, avoiding radiation, avoiding the risk of aspiration associated with sedation, and also being able to immediately address a failure of reduction or a complication by surgical exploration.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ СТУДЕНТОВ 1 КУРСА КОЛЛЕДЖА
Authors: Baryshnikova Ekaterina Leonidovna
Published: April 2021

Цель. Статья посвящена актуальной в современном обществе теме профессиональной идентичности и средствам ее формирования в процессе обучения профессии. В статье приведены промежуточные результаты педагогического эксперимента, проводимого в рамках исследования формирования профессиональной идентичности обучающихся в системе среднего профессионального образования посредством гендерного подхода.Метод или методология проведения работы. Основу исследования образуют теоретические методы: изучение и анализ научно-методической литературы по исследуемой проблеме, анализ, педагогическое прогнозирование и моделирование; и эмпирические методы: наблюдение; тестирование; контент-анализ; методы математической статистики.Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что автор наблюдает положительную динамику в исследуемых параметрах оценки сформированности профессиональной идентичности учащихся экспериментальных групп, в частности параметров «номинал профессии» и «соотношении профессии с собой». Автор делает предположение, что положительный результат был достигнут благодаря педагогическому воздействию согласно разработанной методике.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены в системе среднего профессионального образования.
ПРЕПОДАВАНИЕ ИНОСТРАННОГО ЯЗЫКА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ LMS MOODLE В ВУЗЕ: ДИДАКТИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕССА
Authors: Glotova Aleksandra Valerevna , Zubkova Mariya Aleksandrovna
Published: April 2021

В работе рассматриваются современные дидактические подходы к обучению иностранному языку на базе платформы Moodle, обеспечивающие результативность иноязычного образования в условиях новых моделей и форм педагогического взаимодействия в системе высшей школы.Целью исследования является анализ реализации и внедрения электронного учебного курса, созданного на базе LMS Moodle и спроектированного на основе современных дидактических подходов к обучению иностранному языку в условиях электронной информационно-образовательной среды вуза, которые обеспечивают продуктивность иноязычного образования в контексте интегрирования новых моделей и форм педагогического взаимодействия.Авторы анализируют дидактические подходы, применяемые при обучении иностранному языку с использованием LMS Moodle: личностно-ориентированный, системно-деятельностный, фасилитативный, комплексный и средовой. Также представлены структура и содержание электронного учебного курса по дисциплине «Иностранный язык», разработанного в соответствии с исследуемыми дидактическими подходами на платформе Moodle Севастопольского государственного университета.В статье рассматриваются учебные действия студентов и формы педагогического взаимодействия, предусмотренные при проектировании содержания и выборе элементов построения курса. В работе использованы теоретические методы организации исследования: изучение и анализ источников научной, методической литературы, а также педагогического опыта, синтез и конкретизация понятий.Результаты: в статье также представлен опыт разработки и внедрения электронного учебного курса «Английский язык» для студентов программы подготовки бакалавриата, который был создан преподавателями кафедры иностранных языков Института общественных наук и международных отношений Севастопольского государственного университета на базе LMS Moodle в соответствии с рассматриваемыми подходами. Проанализированы особенности элементов электронного курса в рамках реализации обсуждаемых подходов.Область применения результатов: исследование представляет собой интерес для педагогических работников, интересующихся методическими вопросами проектирования и создания электронных учебных курсов по дисциплине «Иностранный язык» на базе LMS Moodle.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PRECONDITIONS OF THE FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION EMERGENCE IN EUROPE AND ANCIENT RUS (V–XIV CENTURIES)
Authors: Braslavskaya Elena Alekseevna
Published: April 2021

Цель. Статья посвящена изучению феномена иноязычного образования в историко-педагогическом аспекте. Предметом анализа выступают предпосылки становления иноязычного образования в Европе и Древней Руси (V–XIV вв.). Автор ставит целью провести сравнительную характеристику данного феномена и выявить схожие и различные стороны средневековых европейских и древнерусских подходов к обучению иностранным языкам.Материалы и методы. Основу исследования образуют теоретические методы (методы анализа и синтеза, обобщения и систематизации, метод аналогии), а также методы исторической науки (метод исторической периодизации, ретроспективный метод, историко-логический метод).Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что автор дает характеристику Средневековья и древнерусского периода с точки зрения зарождения иноязычного образования. В эпоху Средневековья на преподавание иностранных языков существенно влияло христианское вероучение и идеи античных философов и педагогов, а затем схоластика. Средневековые методы обучения иностранным языкам не предусматривали глубокого погружения в язык. На Руси, начиная с X–XI вв., открывались дворцовые школы, где изучались иностранные языки. Основной формой обучения иностранному языку князей было «кормильство», при котором ученики неизбежно постигали культуру иноязычного государства.Выводы. Методы, которыми пользовались в Древней Руси, приносили больше плодов, чем те, что использовались в эпоху Средневековья. А метод «погружения» в языковую среду на Руси наложил отпечаток на последующие методы обучения иностранным языкам в нашей стране, что через много веков привело к развитию понятия «иноязычное образование» в современной России.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПОДГОТОВКИ СОВРЕМЕННОГО СПЕЦИАЛИСТА И ПУТИ ИХ РЕШЕНИЯ
Authors: Sukhanov Pyotr Vladimirovich
Published: April 2021

Цель. Поиск возможных причин снижения эффективности подготовки современного специалиста исходя из предположения о существенной разнице взглядов на формы и способы представления и потребления информации поколений.Метод или методология проведения работы – в основу исследования положены личные наблюдения автора, осмысление бесед с педагогическими работниками, студентами и аспирантами, а также анализ научных и методических источников. В качестве методов исследования применены наблюдение, беседы, обобщение, сравнительный анализ.Результаты. В контексте теории поколений обоснована необходимость построения многовекторного, многополярного взаимодействия между преподавателем и обучающимся, что позволит реализовать принцип «общения на равных». Это способствует совместному личностному продвижению как преподавателя, так и обучающегося, формирует мотивацию к самообразованию и саморазвитию.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены при организации образовательного процесса в вузе.
ЯЗЫКОВЫЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ КАК ФОРМА СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ЗНАНИЯ
Authors: Razumova Lina Vasilyevna
Published: April 2021

Цель. Статья посвящена уточнению характера языковых знаний в системе социального знания. Социальное представление (репрезентация) – сложная когнитивная структура. Как социальная форма знания социальное представление служит для интерпретации социальной действительности. Оно позволяет понять и подвергнуть анализу регулирующее действие социальной системы на когнитивную область социальной группы, индивида. Автор ставит целью уточнить основные характеристики языкового представления (языковой репрезентации) и его структуру как формы социального знания. Актуальность статьи определяется, с одной стороны, возросшим интересом к когнитивным разработкам, способных раскрыть сложные механизмы категоризации человеческих знаний. С другой стороны, речь идет о попытке автора применить психологическое понятие представления для уточнения психосоциальных характеристик языковых знаний, в частности – представлений о языковой норме как одной из форм социального знания.Научная новизна исследования заключается в соотнесении социально-психологической и языковой основ языковой репрезентации.Теоретическая и практическая значимость работы состоит в комплексном анализе взаимодействия социальной среды, функциональной системы языка с его внутренней структурой на примере изучения репрезентации языковой нормы бельгийского и квебекского вариантов французского языка.Материалом для исследования послужили языковые представления носителей языка о языковой норме территориальных вариантах французского языка Бельгии и Квебека, представленных в бельгийских и французских грамматиках XVI–XIX вв., квебекских лексикографических работах XVIII – начала XX столетий, в исторических свидетельствах о языке.Результаты исследования. Инструментарий социальной психологии, основной единицей которой выступает социальная репрезентация, позволил существенно расширить представление о норме как сложной когнитивной структуре, опирающейся не только на разрабатываемое в обществе научное знание, но и на знание естественное, опытное, которому свойственно неограниченное число инференций, следований, что позволяет установить неограниченное число связей между наблюдаемыми предметами. Соединение научного и опытного знания, социального и индивидуального определяют амбивалентный, рационально-оценочный, с одной стороны, и социально-индивидуальный характер нормы, с другой. Языковая норма как один из типов социальной нормы формируется в процессе взаимодействия нескольких социальных групп, определяющих свое отношение, в том числе и идентификационное, к языку (языковой форме).
ЛИЧНОСТНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ РОДИТЕЛЕЙ, ВОСПИТЫВАЮЩИХ ДЕТЕЙ-ИНВАЛИДОВ
Authors: Maltseva Alina A.
Published: April 2021

Актуальность исследования ситуации воспитания ребенка с инвалидностью рассматривается с позиции медицинского и социального подхода, несмотря на то, что данная проблема имеет большое психологическое значение. Рождение ребенка с нарушениями в развитии, постановка диагноза является сильным психотравмирующим переживанием для семьи, ее структурных преобразований. В связи с этим, для того чтобы справиться со сложившимися обстоятельствами, родители используют деструктивные или конструктивные формы поведения, у них формируются личностные черты, позволяющие справиться с постоянным стрессом. Новизна проведенного исследования заключается в проведении сравнительной оценки личностных особенностей родителей, оценке использования ими механизмов психологических защит, анализе психотравмирующих ситуаций и неблагоприятных объективных и субъективных факторов, влияющих на формирование личностных изменений. По результатам исследования у родителей, воспитывающих детей-инвалидов обнаружены: высокий уровень ситуативной и личностной тревожности, использование механизма психологической защиты – реактивные образования.Цель. Статья посвящена исследованию личностных особенностей родителей, воспитывающих детей-инвалидов под влиянием объективных и субъективных факторов. Целью исследования является анализ этих особенностей.Метод или методология проведения работы. Основу исследования образуют клинико-психологические, психодиагностические методы, а также, методы описательной и сравнительной статистики.Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что у родителей, воспитывающих детей с нарушениями в развитии по сравнению с родителями, воспитывающими здоровых детей, были выявлены высокий уровень ситуативной тревожности, повышенное чувство вины и депрессии, использование такого механизма психологической защиты, как реактивные образования.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены в сфере реабилитационных мероприятий и оказания психологической поддержки родителей, воспитывающих детей-инвалидов.
No-core optical fiber sensor based on surface plasmon resonance for glucose solution concentration and temperature measurement
Authors: Li Bin , Yan Xin , Zhang Xuenan , Wang Fang , Li Shuguang , Suzuki Takenobu , Ohishi Yasutake , Cheng Tonglei
Published: April 2021

The accuracy of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) optical fiber sensor is affected by the change of ambient temperature. Therefore, we propose a simple dual channel SPR optical fiber sensor, which can measure both glucose concentration and ambient temperature. The proposed sensor is a two-channel structure based on a no-core optical fiber (NCF): one channel is coated with gold film and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to sense the ambient temperature, and the other is coated with silver film to sense glucose concentration. The experimental results show that the sensor’s sensitivity for sensing glucose concentration is 2.882 nm / %, and for sensing temperature is -2.904 nm / °C. By monitoring the real-time temperature, the accuracy of glucose concentration detection was improved. The proposed sensor has a simple and compact structure, and it is suitable for sensing glucose solution or other analyte solutions that need temperature compensation.
Twist-angle dependent circular dichroism and related mechanisms in closely stacked Archimedean planar metamaterials
Authors: Liang Shuang , Zhu Zebin , Jiang Liyong
Published: April 2021

Stacked planar chiral metamaterials which combine the fabrication convenience of planar metamaterials and good chirality of stereo metamaterials have recently drawn a lot of attention. In this paper, we present a study on the CD performance in the double-layer and multi-layer closely stacked Archimedean planar metamaterials (SAPMs), which will simultaneously support localized modes in the interface of two spirals and non-localized conductive modes in the whole structure, as well as show particular twist-angle dependent CD performance and broadband CD performance due to the coaction of localized modes and non-localized modes. We give reasonable explanations on the CD performance of SAPMs by employing the plasmonic Lagrange model and the equivalent model. We also discuss the optimization of structural parameters and application challenge of our proposed model.
Implementation of conformal digital metasurfaces for THz polarimetric sensing
Authors: Shabanpour Javad , Beyraghi Sina , Ghorbani Fardin , Oraizi Homayoon
Published: April 2021

Monitoring and controlling the state of polarization of electromagnetic waves is of significant interest for various basic and practical applications such as linear position sensing and medical imaging. Here, we propose the first conformal digital metamaterial absorber to detect the polarization state of THz incident waves. The proposed polarimeter is capable of characterizing four independent polarization states of (TE, TM, ±45° linear, and RCP/LCP) by observing the reflectivity of the structure with respect to the x- and y-direction. Besides, the proposed structure displays a strong absorptivity above 90% up to the incidence angle of 50° for oblique incident waves with different polarizations. By mere changing the bias voltage of two orthogonal VO2 microwires via two independent computer-programmed multichannel DC network, distinct conditions for reflected waves occurs under excitations of different polarizations, whereby the polarization state of the incident wave may readily be estimated. We believe that the proposed metasurface-based polarimeter can pave the way for polarization detection applications on curved surfaces.
Writing girls through girls’ magazines: (En)gendering childhood, 1895–1912
Authors: Suzuki Wakako
Published: April 2021

Throughout Japanese literary history, though the shōjo genre (a genre for girls) was often marginalized, it evolved and was renewed at every stage in the development of print media, blending with another or several different genres. This article examines how the circulation of girls’ magazines such as Shōjokai (Girls’ Sphere) shaped girls’ reading communities to accompany the sense of national belonging that arose in tandem with the reinforcement of gender ideologies. An analysis of Shōjokai will show how, why and by whom images of desirable female ‘little citizens’ were constructed, fractured and expressed through print media. As the first girls’ magazine, Shōjokai delineated how the reading and writing of girls opened up a new arena in which subscribers expressed their ideas and opinions without constrains while understanding the value of being good ‘little citizens’. Thus, the development of girls’ communities created tensions between universal principles of love and national consciousness, illuminating the ways in which the discourse of modern girlhood alternately negated and affirmed their association with fluid communities for ‘little citizens’.
Japanese street dance culture in manga and anime: Hip hop transcription in Samurai Champloo and Tokyo Tribe-2
Authors: Huang Po-Lung
Published: April 2021

Street dance, one of the four most important elements of hip hop culture, was developed mainly by African American youths in the 1970s and imported to Japan in the 1980s. Since then, street dance has been diversified by local media such as manga/anime in Japan. This article therefore analyses how Japanese storytelling, exemplified by Shin’ichirō Watanabe’s anime Samurai Champloo (2004–05), Santa Inoue’s manga Tokyo Tribe-2 (1997–2005) and Tatsuo Satō’s anime adaptation Tokyo Tribes (2006–07), has transcribed the hip hop elements into the Tokugawa-Edo period’s art scenes and fictitious ‘Tōkyō’, and provides a basis for understanding hip hop culture in Japan by drawing on Charles Taylor’s ‘language of perspicuous contrast’ (1985). Although manga and anime quickly reflected popular cultural trends in Japan, hip hop elements did not manifest as main material until Tokyo Tribe-2 was released. Thus, there was apparently a prolonged interval between the arrival of hip hop culture in Japan and its representation by manga/anime after Japanese youths’ first fancied street dance. Therefore, street dance culture could have been transformed within the Japanese cultural context. This article also analyses the representation/transcription of street dance and hip hop in manga/amine by contextualizing the Japanese sociopolitical background to explain this prolonged interval.
A heteropatriarchy in moderation: Reading family in a Thai Boys Love lakhon
Authors: Chan Ying-kit
Published: April 2021

A subgenre of popular culture, Thai Boys Love (BL) series is increasingly significant within Asia, but it remains under-researched in the light of new series that push the parameters of viewer acceptance of homoerotic romance in Thai society. Drawing upon a close reading of the BL lakhon Love by Chance, this article explicates how Thai cultural concepts surrounding the family are reflected in the series. While acknowledging the impact of East Asian popular culture on Thai understandings of gender and sexuality, the article highlights how the themes of familial dynamics and parental acceptance in Love by Chance represent a glocalization of the BL genre, or BL with Thai characteristics. By introducing the concept of ‘moderated heteropatriarchy’ and sketching the role of family in Thai queer lives, the article suggests that there is still space for subtle challenges or changes to the heteronormative structure as plotted in Love by Chance, even as the lakhon continues to uphold national and patriarchal principles that deny overt expressions of homoerotic romance.
Animist influence and immutable corporeality: Repositioning the significance of Japanese cinematic zombies
Authors: Vétu Guillaume
Published: April 2021

In terms of zombie film output, Japan’s is perhaps the second largest in the world after the United States and above the United Kingdom. Yet only a relatively small number of these films have received academic attention. Having sourced and verified an exhaustive catalogue of over 160 feature-length Japanese zombie films produced between 1959 and 2018, and through recent field work in Japan, including personal interviews with local film, media and folklore scholars and professionals, this article constructs a clearer overview of this uncharted corpus. It presents some of the most predominant cultural specificities of Japanese zombie films and their compelling narrative and stylistic heterogeneity. Previous assertions confined these films to a ‘cult’ sub-genre, restricting the Japanese monsters they feature to mere western imports; however, this article demonstrates that Japanese cinematic zombies defy simple categorization and repeatedly challenge some of the key posits at the centre of zombie studies, especially regarding their defining characteristics. The Japanese folklore and literary tradition in particular provides a new lens through which these popular fictional ‘Others’ can be (re-)examined, uncovering new significance and offering new insights into both Japanese and western cultures.
Puppets, Gods, and Brands: Theorizing the Age of Animation from Taiwan, 1st ed., Teri Silvio (2019)
Authors: Yee Jared
Published: April 2021

Review of: Puppets, Gods, and Brands: Theorizing the Age of Animation from Taiwan, 1st ed., Teri Silvio (2019)

Honolulu: Hawaii University Press, 290 pp.,

ISBN-13 978-0-82487-662-3, h/bk, $80

ISBN-13 978-0-82488-116-0, p/bk, $30
Walking the forest imaginary: A breath between us
Authors: Santos Julie Poitras
Published: April 2021

Walking the forest imaginary: a breath between us is a site-specific audio artwork that invites the audience to walk into the forest imaginary populated by things magical and unseen. Crafted uniquely in response to Alingsås Nolhaga Park, and using cues in the landscape as guides to research and poetic inscription, the artwork consists of an approximately one-hour walk with audio listening points throughout the park. Audio is accessed digitally through QR codes posted on pre-existing pathways and listened to with individual headphones. Wandering pathways through the woods, participants listen to a hybrid essay that explores the alternate spaces and time scales of the miniature worlds of moss. Focusing on the ancient and present role of bryophytes in creating oxygen and storing carbon, and helping to keep our ecosystem in balance, the work considers this ancient exchange as a form of dialogue.
Visiting, attending and receiving: Making kin with local woods
Authors: Vasko Zuzana
Published: April 2021

In an endeavour to build intimacy with a section of woods as can only be done through visceral and embodied experience, an ongoing drawing project was embarked upon with the forest as co-author. In a practice of sympoesis with the earth, small drawings of selected niches in an unprotected section of established forest bordering a suburban neighbourhood were done on regular and frequent walks through changing seasons. Upon completion, each drawing was hidden or buried at the site, to be retrieved on a subsequent visit. The aim is to inhabit and bond with this particular wild place through art-based dialogue, and through finding and returning to very specific places via animistic sensing and with tacit knowledge rather than the customary reliance on human-made indexical technologies. In this regard, the trees and plants play an active and sometimes storied role as participants in the creative exchange.
Breaking silences and revealing the disappeared: Walking-with legacies of slave-ownership, Bath (UK)
Authors: White Richard S.
Published: April 2021

An emergent walking arts approach is presented as an opening towards social repair. Drawing on an intra-disciplinary project, ‘sense-ing’ legacies of slave-ownership in the UNESCO World Heritage City of Bath (UK), an iteration of walking-with is discussed in the context of ‘pedagogies of discomfort’. Walkers on the Sweet Waters project, hosted by the author, participated in a research-creation process agitating thought and extending resonances through mark making and social media trails. The article explores strategies of curated juxtaposition and dissonance as provocations to involuntary thought and empathic response. A participatory, performative walking is outlined accessing embodied ways of knowing and the agencies of walkers and heritage. Walkers become story carriers and ‘affect aliens’, unsettling heritage accounts, breaking silences and revealing the disappeared. Reflecting on a creative-critical intervention on ‘authorized’ heritage the article presents a somatic approach to learning, heritage and social justice through walking arts.
Walking-sensing as a decolonial art and pedagogical practice
Authors: Yoon-Ramirez Injeong
Published: April 2021

How can walking, as a sensate experience and a recollective engagement with our memories, lead us to imagine new ways of knowing, being and sensing otherwise? This article conceptualizes walking-sensing as a decolonial art and pedagogical practice, which offers anti-colonial critiques and activates decolonial imaginations. By combining walking and sensing together, I first highlight how our experience of walking is intrinsically intertwined with our act of sensing that is already oriented and attuned in the contextual relation to things in the world. The notion of walking-sensing is used to describe not only our physical movement and the sensibilities of our bodies, but also as recollective and communal engagements, such as connecting memories with others, (re)collecting personal and local stories, and imagining the ways of living and being otherwise. I further elucidate how walking-sensing can be a form of anti-colonial critiques and decolonial imaginations that valorize multiple knowledges and sensibilities as well as to pave a path towards a new liberatory way of being in solidarity. With pedagogical scenarios, I demonstrate in what ways walking-sensing can be utilized as a critical intervention towards decoloniality. Lastly, introduce two artists’ art-making practice and how they are linked to the concept of walking-sensing. In this way, I elucidate the inextricable relationship between art and pedagogical practice and how walking-sensing can lead to decolonial resistance.
A Walk on the Wild Side: Steps towards an ecological arts pedagogy
Authors: Haley David
Published: April 2021

between home and school
walking a way to learning
life through the city.
(David Haley)

This article takes the reader for a stroll through a programme of ecological arts-led, performance-based research. The style is more poetic than scientific, although much ecological science is embedded within the art form. Indeed, Charles Darwin was known for his regular walks, as time and space for his reflections on evolution and his grandfather Erasmus Darwin was noted for the poetic form of his scientific treatises. Here also, the author breaks with academic convention to engage with walking and research as creative activities to deal with ecological issues. Of course, other artists like Richard Long and Hamish Fulton have walked as part of their practice, and there are a growing number of artists who consider walking as practice-as-research. In this article, the focus is specifically on walking as a creative form of inquiry, through community participation within urban contexts to create a critical dialogue focused on ecology in action.