THE FUNCTIONING OF NEW NOMINATIVE ANGLICISMS IN CONTEMPORARY TOURISTIC DISCOURSE (based on the material of polish-language online-blogs)
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University, Shemechko Yuliia , Lozynska Oksana 
Published: August 2024

Background: Borrowing certain elements from one language into another is a universal phenomenon, affecting all languages that directly or indirectly (through other languages) come into contact with each other. With the rapid popularization of the English language, many linguists have grappled with the issue of accepting or rejecting borrowings into their own language. Borrowings of words from the English language in the subject literature are referred to as anglicisms. It is precisely that English language contributes to the processes of globalization and international communication, where it dominates. Purpose: The article aims to analyze and describe the structural and semantic features of English borrowings in the texts of tourist internet blogs, using a specific group of borrowings to denote particular concepts or ideas as examples. Results: In this article we clarified that anglicisms are words and phrases borrowed or transferred from the English language into another. Within the group denoting a specific concept or idea (16 lexical units out of 300, with 6 described in the article), we analyzed anglicisms in the Polish language and found that the borrowing of anglicisms occurs along with their meaning in the English language. We concluded that there are no Polish equivalents for anglicisms in this group, and during the translation of these lexemes into Polish, there is a risk of losing the originally embedded meaning and idea. We identified 2 neologisms (0.7% of the total number of analyzed units): bushcraft – the art of wilderness survival, and majgajver – to repair something using whatever is at hand. During the analysis of 16 lexical units, we found that the Great Dictionary of Polish Language («Wielki słownik języka polskiego») codifies such lexemes as biforka, jet lag, lockdown, non-stop; PWN Dictionary («Słownik PWN») – afterparty, all-inclusive, jet lag, non-stop, small talk; Good Dictionary of Polish Language («Dobry słownik języka polskiego») – jet lag, lockdown, must-see, non-stop, small talk, zero waste. None of the selected dictionaries codify the lexical units Black Market, bucket list, bushcraft, couchsurfing, lesswaste, majgajver (macgyver), route 66. Thanks to such a comparison, we understand that these lexical units only penetrate the Polish language and are not frequently used. Overall, while systematizing the material, which includes 300 anglicisms, we managed to identify 12 groups: emotions and feelings (4 lexical units, 1.3% of the total number of analyzed units; here and further, we provide information about the number of lexical units (LU), and then their percentage ratio (%); personal names (7 LUs, 2.3%); nature (11 LUs, 3.7%); clothing and tourist equipment (12 LUs, 4%); food (16 LUs, 5.3%); accommodation (19 LUs, 6.3%); devices (20 LUs, 6.7%); payment and business (21 LUs, 7%); travelling (26 LUs, 8.7%); leisure and entertainment (40 LUs, 13.3%); online space (47 LUs, 15.7%), and other (77 LUs, 25.7%). We believe that further research should explore the impact of anglicisms on the Ukrainian and Polish languages and cultures, especially how anglicisms influence the self-awareness of Ukrainians and Poles. Key words: anglicisms, borrowings, linguistic worldview, semantics, linguistic unit, Polish language, tourist discourse, internet blog.