bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seksual Siklus Süresince İnek Tuba Uterinasında ErbB1/HER1 ile ErbB2/HER2 Reseptörlerinin Dağılımı
Authors: BAYRAM Bayram
Published: December 2020

Tuba uterina, memeli üremesinde çok önemli bir rol oynar ve oosit olgunlaşması, sperm kapasitasyonu, döllenme ve gamet ve embriyoların taşınması için en uygun ortamı sağlar. ErB ailesi reseptörlerinin tuba uterinanın fonksiyonlarında etkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. Birçok araştırmacı ErbB1/HER1 ve ErbB2/HER2 reseptörlerinin seksual ya da menstrual siklus süresince tuba uterinanın luminal epitel, bağdoku ve düz kas hücrelerinden değişen yoğunluklarda ekspresse olduğunu göstermişlerdir. Sunulan çalışmada, erbB1/HER1 ve erbB2/HER2 reseptörlerinin ekspresyonu immunohistokimyasal olarak incelendi. Bu çalışmada 23 farklı holştayn ineğin ovaryum, uterus ve tuba uterinadan doku örnekleri alındı. Sonuç olarak, seksual siklus süresince erbB1/HER1 ve erbB2/HER2 reseptörlerinin inek tuba uterinasında hücre tiplerine göre değişen yoğunluklarda lokalize olması, bu reseptörlerin inek tuba uterinasında önemli fizyolojik etkilere sahip olabileceğini akla getirdi.
A Note On The Stability of Solution for Elliptic-Schrödinger Type Nonlocal Boundary Value Problem
Authors: OZDEMİR Yildirim
Published: December 2020

In the present article, a problem for a Elliptic-Schrödinger equation with nonlocal boundary value problem is considered. The stability estimates are established for the solution of Elliptic-Schrödinger problem for nonlocal boundary problem . A theorem, with proof, for stability of the solution of this problem for differential equations of elliptic-Schrödinger type in a Hilberts space H with self-adjoint positive definite operator A is considered. On the other hand, conclusion section is presented.
Ғ. ЖАЙЛЫБАЙ ПОЭЗИЯСЫНДАҒЫ ИНТЕРМӘТІНДІК БАЙЛАНЫСТЫҢ МӘНІ
Authors: ТОЛЫСБАЕВА Ә , ЕСЕМБЕКОВ T
Published: December 2020

Мақалада Ғ. Жайлыбай өлеңдерінің интермәтіндік байланыстары зерттеледі. Абай поэзиясының ХХ ғасырдағы қазақ поэзиясы үшін интермәтіндік жүйе қалыптастырғаны сарапталады. А. Құнанбаевтың поэзиясындағы образдар мен авторлық ойталқының қазіргі ақындарға әсері мен ықпалы қарастырылған. Ғ. Жайлыбай поэзиясы мен Абай шығармаларының арасындағы үндестік, сабақтастық, жалғастық, ықпалдастық деңгейлері сөз етілген. Ғ. Жайлыбайдың «Ардакүрең» жинағының көркемдік-эстетикалық ерекшеліктері анықталды. Ақынның Абай Құнанбаевқа арнаған өлеңдеріндегі интермәтіндік мәні бар компоненттердің авторлық ұстанымға қатысы талданып, сілтеме, аллюзия, реминесценция, пастиш, палимсест сияқты құбылыстардың көркемдік-эстетикалық қызметі анықталады.

«Жаңғырық», «жартас» секілді концептілердің семантикалық және семиотикалық қырлары айқындалған.
БАСТАУЫШ СЫНЫПТЫҢ «ӘДЕБИЕТТІК ОҚУ» ОҚУЛЫҚТАРЫНДА ОРЫН АЛҒАН ЕРТЕГІЛЕРДІ ЗЕРТТЕУ
Authors: ҚҰРАЛБАЕВА A , РАХМЕТ Y , ОРАЗБЕК M
Published: December 2020

Бұл зерттеу жұмысының мақсаты, бастауыш сыныптың «Әдебиеттік оқу» оқулықтарында орын алған ертегілерді зерттеу болып табылады. Зерттеу барысында жиналған материалдар пайыздық есептеулер арқылы шығарылды. Зерттеу жұмысы – құжаттарды талдау әдісіне негізделген сипаттамалық жұмыс. Мәліметтерді жинау құралы ретінде бастауыш сынып оқулықтары пайдаланылды. Зерттеу нәтижесінде оқулықтардағы тақырыптар мен әр тақырыпта орын алған ертегілердің саны, ертегілердің түрлерге жіктелуі, ертегілерге байланысты тапсырмалар мен көрнекі материалдардың түрлері мен саны анықталды.
İşletmeler İçin İnternet Tabanlı Pazarlama Planı Yazılımı Geliştirilmesine Yönelik Tasarım Tabanlı Bir Araştırma/A Design-Based Research of Internet-Based Marketing Plan Software Development for Businesses
Authors: GÜRSOY İpek , AYYILDIZ Hasan
Published: December 2020

Günümüzde iş planının bir parçası olarak hazırlanan pazarlama planlarının, işletme yöneticileri tarafından ofis paket programları kullanılarak oluşturulduğu ya da işletmelerin bu hizmeti danışmanlık firmalarından aldıkları görülmektedir. İlgili literatür incelendiğinde, pazarlama planı hazırlamak için geliştirilmiş yazılıma sahip bir çalışmaya henüz rastlanılmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, literatürde fark edilen bu boşluğu doldurabilmek için kar amacı güden kuruluşlara yönelik olarak internet tabanlı Türkçe bir pazarlama planı yazılımı tasarlamak ve geliştirmektir. Geliştirilen yazılım sayesinde, kuruluşlara daha sistematik bir şekilde pazarlama planı hazırlama imkânı sunulması ile birlikte işletmeye ve kişisel uğraşa farklı bir boyut kazandırarak maksimum verim sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla bu araştırmada yöntem olarak tasarım tabanlı araştırma yöntemi; örnekleme yöntemi olarak amaçsal örnekleme; veri toplama yöntemi olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ve çevrimiçi ortamda hazırlanan anket formu kullanılmıştır. Toplanan veriler içerik analizi ve betimsel analiz tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Literatürden ve sahadan toplanan bilgiler ve alınan uzman görüşleri ışığında gerçekleştirilen bu çalışma sonucunda, işletmelerin çevrimiçi ortamda pazarlama planı hazırlayabilmelerine olanak sağlayan özgün bir uygulama tasarlanmış ve geliştirilmiştir.
Delineation of Land Management Units in Tropical South Deccan Plateau of India
Authors:   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional centre, Hebbal, Bangalore-560 024, India, Ramamurthy V. , Nair K.M. ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional centre, Hebbal, Bangalore-560 024, India, Ramesh Kumar S.C. ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional centre, Hebbal, Bangalore-560 024, India, Srinivas S. ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional centre, Hebbal, Bangalore-560 024, India, Naidu L.G.K. ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional centre, Hebbal, Bangalore-560 024, India, Sarkar Dipak ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road, Nagpur-440033, Maharashtra, India, Singh S. K. ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road, Nagpur-440033, Maharashtra, India
Published: December 2020

Soils are highly variable spatially due to soil forming and processes. Spatial variation of soil properties cause uneven patterns in soil fertility and crop growth, and use efficiency of externally applied resources. Application of variable rates of inputs needs partitioning of land units into homogenous land and management units (LMU), for production benefits and to minimize the adverse environmental impacts. The soil and site characteristics namely texture, depth and gravelliness, land use and climate are integrated to identify land units. Crop based production systems varied in different land units, production systems were super imposed on the delineated land units in GIS to identify the LMUs. Methodology was tested in Mysore district of Karnataka, where in 12 LMUs identified and delineated at district level. To verify the methodology, performance of crops vis-à-vis management practices followed in different LMUs was compared to plan appropriate land management decisions for current and future land use to ensure its sustainability.
Assessment of Weather Parameters for Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) in Alfisols of Karnataka - a Regression Approach
Authors:   University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, Karnataka – 560 065, India, Shivaramu H.S. , Vijaya Kumar P. ,   Central Research Institute for Dry land Agriculture, Hyderabad,  Andhra Pradesh – 500 059, India, Rajegowda M.B. ,   University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, Karnataka – 560 065, India, Rao V.U.M. ,   Central Research Institute for Dry land Agriculture, Hyderabad,  Andhra Pradesh – 500 059, India, Janardhana Gowda N. A. ,   University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, Karnataka – 560 065, India, Soumya D.V. ,   University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, Karnataka – 560 065, India
Published: December 2020

In field trials of six years (2009-14) the influence of weather parameters on groundnut (The varieties: TMV-2, JL-24, K-134 and C-2) under varied sowing environments (July as normal sowing and August as late sowing months) was studied at Bengaluru, Karnataka in alfisols. Rainy days (RD), bright sun shine hours (BSS), total pan evaporation (EVP. in mm), growing degree days (GDD) and rainfall, the cumulative of all measured during crop period were found to influence significantly the growth and yield of ground nut in alfisols across the genotypes. Whereas, potential evapo-transpiration (PET) and length of growing period (LGP) during the cropping period did not show such significant influence. For achieving maximum yield, the optimum value of annual rainfall from the fitted quadratic curves, was found to be 650 mm. BSS, pan evaporation and GDD during the cropping period showed negative correlation with pod yield. Among the 11 multiple linear regression models established, model III was found to be the most reliable in judging the yield potential of groundnut in alfisols of southern Karnataka (Pod yield in kg/ha = -3058.24**+ 6.55 (RD) -2.01 ** (SSH) + 3.98* (GDD) -6.25 (evaporation in mm) + 8.01** (PET) -21.98** (LGP) + 3.38 ** (LAD) with R2 value of 0.86**. Model IV and XI were effective in predicting the yield (R2 =0.86**& 0.60**, respectively), however of the second order.
Assessment of Physico-chemical Parameters and Nutrient Availability in Soils of Arvi and Karanja Blocks of Wardha district, Maharashtra
Authors:   M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600113, India, Pradhan Aliza , Maske Mahesh ,   M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600113, India, Sayre Manoj ,   M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600113, India, Sadatpure Mahesh ,   M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600113, India
Published: December 2020

The physical and chemical properties of the soil governs the kand productivity The present study focuses on soil properties and nutrient indices of soils in five different villages of Arvi and Karanja blocks of Wardha district, Maharashtra. A research programme on Leveraging Agriculture for Nutrition in South Asia (LANSA) through framing system is in progress in these villages. The soils of the site are slightly acidic to alkaline, medium to high in organic carbon, deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus and zinc, medium in iron content and sufficient in potassium, copper and manganese content.
Soil Suitability Evaluation of Major Crops for Sustainable Land Use Planning in Kupti Watershed, Yavatmal District, Maharashtra
Authors:   Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh – 492012, India, Patangray A.J. , Patil N.G. ,   National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati road, Nagpur-440033, India, Singh S. K. ,   National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati road, Nagpur-440033, India, Tiwari P. ,   National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati road, Nagpur-440033, India, Mishra V. N. ,   Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh – 492012, India, Pagdhune A.R. ,   Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra – 444104, India, Patil B.A. ,   Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra – 444104, India
Published: December 2020

This study presents soil suitability evaluation of two major crops grown in a Kupti watershed (11257 ha) located in Darwha block of Yavatmal district in Maharashtra. The study was warranted by continued persistence of the farmers to cultivate cotton and soybean crops during kharif season despite repeated failure of these crops especially cotton recently. The traditional sorghum crop that is now completely wiped out from this region was also evaluated to understand the farmers’ choice of crops. The soil information was collected through survey at 1:10000 scale in the watershed. The FAO criteria were used in conjunction with soil suitability criteria suggested by NBSS and LUP. The investigations indicated that merely 4079.0 ha area representing 36.2 % of watershed are under moderately suitable (S2), 4006.0 ha (35.6 % of TGA) under marginally suitable (S3) and 649.1 ha (5.8 % of TGA) under not suitable (N) class to grow cotton. No soils were categorized as highly suitable. While numbers for sorghum show 5096 ha area (45.3 %) under S2; 2989.0 ha (26.6 %) under S3; and 649.1 ha (5.8 %) under N class. Soybean suitability evaluation showed 5138.0 ha (45.6 %) under S2; 2947.0 ha (26.2 %) under S3 class and 649.1 ha (5.8 %) under N class. Pigeonpea suitability evaluation showed 3421 ha (30.4 %) under S1; 1966 ha (17.5 %) under S2; 2698 ha (24.0 %) under S3 and 649.1 ha (5.8 %) under N class. The results validated the traditional sorghum crop popularity in the past and gain in area grown to soybean. The farmers appear to prefer cotton despite lower soil suitability ratings due to depredation of other crops. These findings suggest that cotton is not well suited to the study area and efforts are required to promote alternate crops and/or propagate soil specific varieties adopt management practices such as mulching, life saving irrigation and broad bed furrow sowing to overcome bio-physical constraints.
Effects of Salinity on Germination Behaviour of Two Paddy Landraces Grown in Chakrata, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
Authors:   Department of Seed Science and Technology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar (Garhwal) - 246174, Uttarakhand, India, Chauhan Ranbeer Singh , Chauhan J.S. ,   Department of Seed Science and Technology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar (Garhwal) - 246174, Uttarakhand, India, Rawat A.S. ,   Department of Seed Science and Technology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar (Garhwal) - 246174, Uttarakhand, India, Rawat Dinesh Singh ,   Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, Howrah -711103, West Bengal, India
Published: December 2020

Germination ability of seeds varies significantly amongst different varieties of same crop when exposed to the stress. Paddy (Oryza sativa L.) is known to be highly sensitive to salinity during germination and young seedling stages. Present study was aimed to observe the effects of six salinity concentrations (0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%) on the germination behaviour of two paddy landraces (Chenaphool and Gyasu), frequently grown in Chakrata area of district Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Salinity (>0.1%) was inversely related to final germination percentage, germination energy, plumule dry weight, plumule length, radical dry weight, radical length and speed of germination. Chenaphool landrace showed higher germination and growth (plumule and radical) at 0% salinity (control), while Gyasu landrace at 0.1% salinity level.Dry weight percentage reduction increased with increasing salinity level, while negative correlation was observed between salinity and salt tolerance index and seed vigour index for both the varieties. The study concluded that the long grained, irrigated landrace Chenaphool was more sensitive to salinity in comparison to short grained, non-irrigated landrace Gyassu. Lower salinity conditions have no adverse effects on the germination behaviour of Gyasu landrace.
Pre Harvest Losses as Perceived by the Wheat Growers in Madhya Pradesh– An Economic Analysis
Authors:   Agro – Economic Research Centre, JNKVV, Jabalpur – 482004 (M.P.), Meena S.C. , Rathi Deepak ,   Agro – Economic Research Centre, JNKVV, Jabalpur – 482004 (M.P.), Sharma Hari Om ,   Agro – Economic Research Centre, JNKVV, Jabalpur – 482004 (M.P.)
Published: December 2020

The study analyzed the physical and financial losses caused by weeds, pest and diseases in cultivation of wheat in Madhya Pradesh. The relevant primary data has been collected from 160 wheat growers of two major wheat producing districts (Hoshangabad & Vidisha) of Madhya Pradesh during the year 2012 -13. The study revealed that the majority of wheat growers (79.47%) were able to distinguish the pest and disease attack by quantitative assessment. The frequency of major pest like termite, aphids and rats were found to be every year (45%), once in a two years (100%) and once in a three years (43.45%) respectively. It was also observed that the extent of pre harvest losses over actual and normal production of wheat were directly proportional to size of farms. Among different plant protection chemicals an average wheat grower invested more on weedicide (Rs 740 per acre) as compared to fungicide (Rs.126 per acre). The private input dealer was found to be the most important source of seeking advice on control of pest and diseases followed by Agriculture University and TV/Radios/Newspaper.
Characterization and Classification of Different Rice Growing Soils with Special Emphasis on Soil Organic Carbon Stock in Rajnagar Block of Birbhum District, West Bengal
Authors:   ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Kolkata-700091, West Bengal, India., Gupta Choudhury Shreyasi , Banerjee Tapati ,   ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Kolkata-700091, West Bengal, India., Das Krishnendu ,   ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Kolkata-700091, West Bengal, India., Sahoo A.K. ,   ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Kolkata-700091, West Bengal, India., Nayak D.C. ,   ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Kolkata-700091, West Bengal, India., Singh S.K. ,   ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road, Nagpur-440033, Maharashtra, India
Published: December 2020

Characterization and classification of rice growing soils of rainfed region of West Bengal is having an utmost importance for developing optimal agricultural land use planning. In the context of ever increasing food demand under dwindling agricultural land availability, rainfed areas have got the attention for enhancing food grain production for the national food basket. Hence, in the present study, we made an effort to characterize six rice growing soils placed in six different landform situations (plateau top, dissected plateau, plateau fringe, undulating upland, alluvial plains and valley fill) and classify accordingly for resource inventory of Rajnagar block, Birbhum district, West Bengal. Results depicted that, rice is grown mainly in Alfisols and Inceptisols in this block with varying morphological and physico-chemical characteristics. The soils are moderately deep to very deep with sandy loam to clay loam surface texture. Soils of plateau top, dissected plateau, plateau fringe, undulating upland, alluvial plains and valley fill were classified as Typic Haplustalfs, Aeric Endoaqualfs, Typic Haplustalfs, Typic Haplustepts, Aeric Endoaquepts, Typic Haplustalfs, respectively. The double crop rice ecology (rice-mustard) showed significantly (P=0.05) higher surface soil organic carbon (SOC) stock in surface as compared to the other monocrop rice ecologies. Among all the landforms compared, soils of valley fill region had the highest surface SOC stock (14.5 Mg ha-1) followed by plains (10.4 Mg ha-1), plateau fringe (7.7 Mg ha-1), plateau top (8.1 Mg ha-1), dissected plateau (7.2 Mg ha-1) and upland (6.9 Mg ha-1). Significantly (P=0.05) higher total profile SOC stock suggested a better soil health in valley fill and plains as compared to other areas that enhances our understanding about the need of the implementation of carbon management based land use planning for higher future productivity of these soils under environmental sustenance.
Secondary and Micro Nutrient mapping in forest soils of Kandhamal district, Odisha
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Jena Bandita , Nayak R.K. ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Das Jyotirmayee ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Parida R.K. ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Sethi D. ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar
Published: December 2020

Emergence of widespread secondary and micro nutrient deficiencies have become major constraints of productivity. Farmers give hardly any emphasis on application of these nutrients. As a result decline or stagnation in production and productivity of many crops is observed creating a huge gap between the requirement and supply of food grains. For efficient soil and crop management soil test based fertilizer application is highly essential. major nutrient analysis is often done micro nutrient analysis is usually neglected due to prohibitive costs and expensive instruments. Data on soil micro and secondary nutrients status were used for by generation of soil fertility maps in GIS environment. In the present paper GPS based soil survey was conducted during 2012-13 where 595 nos. of spatially distributed georeferenced surface samples (0-20 cm depth) were collected from forest soils of Kandhamal district of Odisha and analysed for various secondary and micronutrients along with some basic parameters like pH, EC and OC. Derived thematic maps showed deficiency of Sulphur to an extent of 82.5% followed by Boron and Zn as the yield limiting elements of Kandhamal soils.
Characterization and Evaluation of Soils Occurring on Toposequence In Eastern Plains, Bhilwara District, Rajasthan for Land Use Planning
Authors:   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Udaipur-313 001, India, Naitam R. K. , Singh R. S. ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Udaipur-313 001, India, Moharana P. C. ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Udaipur-313 001, India, Singh S. K. ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur-440033, India
Published: December 2020

A reconnaissance soil survey was undertaken at 1:50, 000 scale to characterize and evaluate the land resources of Bhilwara district in Rajasthan for land use planning. Based on landforms seven typifying pedons along the toposequence were studied for their soil-site and physico-chemical characteristics in eastern plain. The study indicates that the soils of steeply sloping hilly terrain were very shallow, excessively drained, dark brown, sandy loam in texture with fine, weak sub-angular blocky structure. The soils of very gently sloping plain and nearly level plain are deep to very deep, imperfectly drained to well drained, olive brown to dark brown soils associated with higher water content at -33 and -1500 kPa and the organic carbon content was higher in the surface soils compared to subsurface and it decreased with depth. The calcium carbonate content ranged from 1.0 to 36.5 percent and the calcium carbonate content increased with depth. The soils of the hilly terrain (P1) and undulating pediment (P2) have been classified as Lithic Ustorthents and Lithic Haplustepts, respectively. Soils of the intervening valley (P3), undulating plain (P4) and gently sloping plain (P5) categorized as Typic Haplustepts, whereas the soils occurring on the very gently sloping plains (P6) were classified as Vertic Haplustepts. The soils formed on nearly level plain have been classified as Sodic Haplusterts (P7). The soils are grouped under IIes, IIIs, IVes and Ves land capability sub-classes and 2s, 3s, 3st, 3sd, 4st and 5st land irrigability sub-classes. The land suitability for major crops growing in the region indicated that the soils of the hilly terrain (P1) and undulating pediment (P2) are not suitable for most of the crops due to their very severe limitations of slope, erosion and soil depth. The soils of the intervening valley (P3) were moderately suitable for maize and sorghum and marginally suitable for wheat, cotton and mustard. Soils of undulating plain (P4) were highly suitable for maize, sorghum, wheat and moderately suitable for groundnut, cotton and gram. Soils of the gently sloping plains (P5) were highly suitable for sorghum; moderately suitable for maize, wheat, cotton and mustard; and marginally suitable for groundnut and gram. Soils of the very gently sloping plain (P6) were moderately suitable for sorghum and marginally suitable for maize, wheat, cotton and unsuitable for groundnut and gram. Soils of the nearly level plains were moderate to marginally suitable for other crops and unsuitable for groundnut and gram (P7).
Carban sequestration potential of cultivated land and Mango orchard in the plough layer of Alfisols occuring in Givedin district of Jharkhand
Authors:   Department of Geography, Kashipur Michael Madhusdan Mahavidyalaya, P.O. Panchakoteraj, District Purulia, West Bengal – 723132, India., Roy Poushali
Published: December 2020

Conversion of forest area to agricultural land use led to an estimated loss of 36 Pg carbon (C) from soils between 1860 and 1960. Soil organic carbon (SOC) loss through cultivation can, however, be reduced and potentially fixed in soil through proper soil and land management. The objective of this study was, therefore, to determine the effect of crop cultivation vis-à-vis forest and plantation, on the SOC concentration, especially in SOC-poor plough layer, in Irga watershed Dhanwar (Typic Haplustalfs) and Birni (Typic Paleustalfs) soils predominate in the two administrative blocks within the watershed –, respectively. Three plots were chosen for each soil subgroup to represent three predominant land cover conditions viz. forest, plantation and mono-cropped area in Dhanwar and Birni. In general SOC stock was high in the mango orchard in Dhanwar (226 Mg C ha-1) and cultivated land in Birni (242 Mg C ha-1) and least in the plot under Eucalyptus plantation in Birni. In the 0-20 cm depth, mango orchard in Dhanwar and cultivated land in both the sites showed an increase in SOC pool in comparison to forests; (Eucalyptus plantation). The practice of paddy-fallow rotation and the application of animal manure led to an increase in the SOC pool in the plough layer of agricultural soils in the SOC-poor area; and thus have the potential to sequester C in the Irga watershed.
Fertility Capability Classification (FCC): A case for some rainfed soils of semi-arid Deccan plateau
Authors:   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road,  Nagpur – 440 033, Vasu D. , Singh S.K. ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road,  Nagpur – 440 033, Karthikeyan K. ,   ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road,  Nagpur – 440 033, Duraisami V. P. ,   Directorate of Natural Resource Management, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641 003
Published: December 2020

Soil fertility capability classification (FCC) is a technical system which groups the soils according to kinds of problems they present for management. The soil fertility related constraints can be identified without testing for soil nutrients and the FCC tries to bridge the gap between pedology and soil fertility.The present study is an attempt to classify the soils of six soil series under rainfed conditions identified in a part of southern Deccan plateau. Three pedons were selected from each soil series to represent the range in characteristics of soil properties. According to FCC, the representative pedons were classified as LRdkemr+ (Gummagonda); Ldkmr+ (Pullagiri); LCdki (Chegunta); Ldkbn (Nerelapally); Cdʋkbn (Avancha) and Ldkemn- (Koduparthy). The presence of condition modifiers soil moisture stress (d) and low nutrient reserve (k) indicates that all the soils are poor in soil fertility and available moisture content. The soils of Gummagonda are shallow with root restricting layer and cultivation of crops makes these soils prone to erosion. Hence, pasture development is a viable option to conserve these soils.Poor nutrient supply (k), calcareousness (b) and Alkalinity (n) are the major constraints in soils of Nerelapally and Avancha and they need to be ameliorated with suitable amendments to sustain crop production.
Economics of Kharif Sorghum Production in Southern Dry Zone of Karnataka
Authors:   ICAR – National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land use Planning, Regional Center, Hebbal, Bangalore-560024, Ramesh Kumar S.C. , Tejaswini A.B. ,   ICAR – National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land use Planning, Regional Center, Hebbal, Bangalore-560024, Prakashanaik M.K. ,   ICAR – National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land use Planning, Regional Center, Hebbal, Bangalore-560024, Nandini S. ,   ICAR – National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land use Planning, Regional Center, Hebbal, Bangalore-560024, Hedge Rajendra ,   ICAR – National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land use Planning, Regional Center, Hebbal, Bangalore-560024, Singh S. K. ,   NBSS&LUP, Nagpur -440033, Maharashtra
Published: December 2020

The decline in food grain production in general and sorghum cultivation in particular is a major concern for policy makers and planners. This study presents trends in sorghum production, economic viability, possibilities for bridging yield gap in sorghum cultivation using primary data in Chamarajanagara district representing southern dry zone of Karnataka. Sorghum, a major dry land crop of Karnataka showed negative growth rate in production (-0.4%) which is mainly due to decline in area (-3.8%). Decomposition analysis reveals that area effect is higher for change in production of sorghum. Economic viability of sorghum showed that net returns were relatively higher among small farmers (Rs. 7264 per ha) followed by medium farmers (Rs 4503 per ha) and large farmers (Rs 1681 per ha).There is scope for enhancing present sorghum yield by 66 to 70% among the farmers. To bridge this gap, the use of recommended levels of input is most essential. Path coefficient analysis indicated significant correlation of yield gap with N gap and P gap. Variation in rainfall, and soil fertility problems are the major constraints faced by farmers. Sorghum is severely damaged by wild pig in the study area which results in wide variability in the incomes of the farmer.
Effect of treated Domestic Sewage Water Irrigation on Yield and Uptake of heavy metals in cotton - A Case Study from Nagpur City, Central India
Authors:   Head, Agricultural Engineering Division, College of Agriculture (Dr. PDKV), Nagpur, Mhaske A. R.
Published: December 2020

Availability of irrigation water is a crucial problem especially in arid and semi arid regions; and hence, application of wastewater in agriculture in such regions seems to be an attractive preposition. Increasing need for water has resulted in the use of treated sewage water application for agriculture. In the present study, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop was irrigated with treated sewage water (TSW) through phytorid sewage treatment plant (anaerobic and aerobic conditions) and well water (WW) completely randomized design. In both the treatments recommended NPK doses of fertilizers were applied. The results showed better crop growth throughout the growing period. Seed cotton yield was enhanced by 11.82% with treated sewage water irrigation over the irrigation by well water. The accumulation of heavy metal in plant was far below than the prescribed safe limit. Therefore findings give applicable advice to farmers and agricultural researchers for proper management and use of treated sewage water for crop irrigation.
Influence of Weather and Growth Parameters on Yield of Pigeon pea in an Alfisol of Karnataka
Authors:   Professor & Head, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru- 560065, Shivaramu H. S. , Rajegowda M. B. ,   Registrar, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru- 560065, Soumya D.V. ,   Senior Research Fellow, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru- 560065, Lakshmi L.N. ,   Senior Research Fellow, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru- 560065
Published: December 2020

In field trials for six years, the influence of weather parameters on pigeon pea was studied in the Alfisols of Bengaluru, Karnataka. Pooled analysis revealed that for delay in sowing by each day, the normal sowing month from June resulted in decreased yield of pigeon pea by 11.13 kg ha-1, thus indicating the importance of early and timely sowing to get the advantage of higher rainfall, rainy days (RD), length of growing period (LGP in days), growing degree days (GDD) and leaf area duration (LAD in days). Among the above RD, LGP, GDD, LAD were found to have influenced the yield of pigeon pea in Alfisols significantly. For achieving maximum yield, the optimum values of the above parameters obtained from the fitted quadratic curves, were 90 RD, 2600 GDD and 300 LAD during the cropping period. Among the 10 multiple linear regression (MLR) models established, model V was found to be the most reliable in judging the yield potential of pigeon pea.
Land Use Issues in Selected Disadvantaged Districts of Eastern India
Authors:   ICAR – National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, Nagpur – 440 033., Patil N. G. , Chaturvedi A. ,   ICAR – National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, Nagpur – 440 033., Singh S. K. ,   ICAR – National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, Nagpur – 440 033.
Published: December 2020

Status of current land use and development vis-a-vis available resources in 58 disadvantaged districts (of 150) in three different agro-ecological regions (AER) namely 11, 12 and 13 of eastern India were analyzed. Expectedly fragmentation of agriculture land holdings and declining per capita land availability emerged as major constraints. The analysis also indicated that development of water resource(s) is the most critical factor in AER 11 and 12 where protectionist forest laws appeared to have detrimental effect on irrigation development as evident from empirical negative relationship between irrigation development and forest area. It is argued that developmental plans and land use strategies in AER–11, 12 must be aimed at irrigation development and formulating sustainable non-timber forest produce (NTFP) utilization. Forest lands near villages need to be used for short, middle and long term plans to provide NTFP as a means of livelihood. Based on experimental results it is argued that there exists potential to grow legume crops using residual soil moisture after rainfed rice. AER 13 has very insignificant forest area and well developed irrigation but faces heavy population pressure. Cultivated area in this AER exceeds 74% and hence improving water use efficiency appears to be the emergent option for enhanced productivity. Other land uses such as industrial development are urgently required in AER 13 to relieve population pressure. We argue for revision of land use policies especially tenancy and share cropping and advocate inventory of natural resources with an agro-ecological approach.
THE ROLE OF TATTOOS IN PRISON COMMUNITY
Authors:   Institute of Criminological and Sociological Research, Batrićević Ana
Published: December 2020

With their roots set deep in the tradition of many different cultures, carrying the mark of social stigma throughout the early ages of modern prison systems development, and finally, becoming fashion accessories inseparable from modern pop culture, tattoos obtain a rather specific meaning if made behind the prison walls. There are several reasons for that: their symbolism, the roles they have inside the prison community, their relation to criminal behaviour, their impact on offender’s re-socialization and re-offending as well as the health risks they cause. Having in mind the worldwide presence of this phenomenon and its local manifestations, the authors of this paper analyse its socio-genesis, taxonomy, functions and consequences as well as potential responses aimed at mitigating the negative impacts of prison tattoos on the life, health and reintegration of offenders.
CYBER WARFARE AND INTERNATIONAL CYBER LAW: WHITHER?
Authors:   Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, N. Simović Miodrag , Rašević Živorad ,   CMgr FCMI, Lieutenant Colonel, Legal service, Bosnia and Herzegovina Armed Forces, M. Simović Vladimir ,   Prosecutor's Office of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: December 2020

This paper analyses historical, sociological and normative aspects of the cyber violence in international relations and international law, aiming to assess the adequacy of the extant international norms for its regulation. It results with the knowledge on the lack of international cooperation and a universal approach, the instrumentalisation of the internet as a means of warfare, lacunae in the relevant legal framework, and the peril of compromisation of the international law. Since the social jeopardy of activities in the cyberspace is hardly measurable and subjected to highly arbitrary interpretations, the problem of the uncertain peacetime or belligerent legal qualification of cyber activities is exposed. The other serios problem is a high risk from potentially disproportional responses of states to the cyber violence. Especially due to the lack of universal international institutions in the field of cyber, it must be concluded that the international lege lata applicable to the cyber violence is not adequate and sustainable. The progressive development of international cyber law is thus suggested, through the pacification of the internet and the international criminalisation of cyber violence.
REGULATING THE NON-MILITARY USE OF DRONES AND PROTECTION OF PRIVACY
Authors:   Law Faculty, University of Zenica, Duraković Adnan , Duraković Sabina
Published: December 2020

In last few years we are witnesses of strong development of drones’ capacity not only for military purposes but also for civilian use, particularly for police surveillance, investigations, arrests and search and rescue operations. Up until now not even United States of America adopted unified laws considering the use of drones and their impact on privacy but it is obvious that legal, administrative and justice framework for balancing these two conflicted interests and demands will soon be developed. This article will give the review of legal problems and solutions from literature covering countries which are the leaders in this field of technology and law.
ESPOZ - AN ELECTRONIC SYSTEM SUPPORTING THE POLISH POLICE IN THE SEARCH FOR MISSING PERSONS
Authors:   Police Academy in Szczytno, Świerczewska-Gąsiorowska Anna , Porwisz Monika , Olber Paweł ,   Police Academy in Szczytno
Published: December 2020

The Police Academy in Szczytno has been carrying out a research project entitled "Development of a database and tools for semantic search for information and knowledge management in the area of missing persons and search for persons”, financed from the funds of the National Centre for Research and Development for national defence and security. The objective of the conducted research project is to prepare a database and a tool for semantic search for information and knowledge management in the area of missing persons and search for persons, as well as to equip the Polish Police with a technologically advanced tool for semantic and contextual search for information on standards, rules, good practices and specific patterns of behaviour in the area of searching for missing persons. The final effect of the mentioned research project is the eSPOZ system of searching for missing persons, which is described in the article.
COURT STATISTICS – A TOOL FOR MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGIC PLANNING
Authors:   Institute of Criminological and Sociological Research, Matić Bošković Marina
Published: December 2020

Court statistics developed over the time from bureaucratic data collection to monitoring and evaluation of court performances and judicial reforms. In the Europe, the Council of Europe CEPEJ contributed to the promotion of court statistics as a tool for management over judiciary and evaluation of judicial performances. Modern use of statistical reporting requires setting of performance indicators, which tracking will enable monitoring of court performance and inform decision making on further actions. Some of performance indicators are recommended by the CEPEJ and are widely accepted, like clearance rate and disposition time. However, court statistics could include information beyond court cases, like financial data per court and human resource data, which could inform interventions in the area of human resource management and financial resource management, i.e. equalization of workload among courts and judges, as well as calculation of cost per case. The use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the courts and court statistics contributed significantly to improvement of administration of justice, through development of automatized case management systems, automatic export of relevant reports on court performance based on predefined indicators. However, few preconditions are required for successful deployment of the ICT in judiciary. Countries were putting efforts to strengthen court statistics and some good practices were developed over time. Slovenia dashboard for improvement of disposition time and Serbian court maps for tracking backlog reduction are good examples that could be used replicated in countries with similar challenges and goals.
The Use of Linking Adverbials in Malaysian Students’ Argumentative Essays
Authors:   Language Academy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, MALAYSIA, K. Ahmad Ummul
Published: December 2020

Many English as a Second Language (ESL) learners’ essays are deemed incoherent as they failed to signpost and facilitate readers’ understanding of their line of arguments—a task that can chiefly be accomplished through the use of appropriate and efficient use of linking devices. This study investigates the use of linking adverbials (LAs) as connective devices in argumentative essays written by pre-university students from Malaysian matriculation colleges. The learner corpus of this study comprises 95241 words from 209 argumentative essays written by students from three matriculation colleges in southern states of Malaysia. About 2465 occurrences of LAs were extracted and then coded according to Liu’s (2008) four-way categorization framework. Similar corpus of 110737 words was also extracted from BAWE corpus as reference. Malaysian learner writers overly relied on a small set of LAs and their essays largely offered one sided argumentation. Students tend to overuse ADDITIVE adverbials (e.g. furthermore) and SEQUENTIAL (e.g. next), mainly to enlist key points and rarely used the more semantically complex ADVERSATIVES (e.g. however). The corpus also revealed that certain LAs were used inappropriately. The findings offer insights for language teachers specifically writing instructors on helping students to prepare for more sophisticated writing tasks that require complex propositions and how to integrate teaching specific linguistics features such as Linking Adverbials.
Assessing the Benefits, Causes and Effects of Female Migration from Silte Zone of Southern Ethiopia to the Middle East and Gulf States
Authors:   Department of History and Heritage Management, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia, Retta Eshettu Tesfaye
Published: December 2020

A significant trend in the contemporary period is the increased number of women migrants due to the changing labour demands caused by globalization. Over the past century, women’s employment has shifted from the industrial to the service sector and also to the informal economy. The development of the informal economy has allowed women to be active participants in this sector and also to migrate from developing countries to developed countries with better economies. This migration and foreign employment has the potential to bring positive benefits for these women; but simultaneously, there is also a great risk of exploitation and abuse associated with such migration. Despite its considerable economic growth in the last decade, unemployment especially youth unemployment is still high in Ethiopia. And much household level with hardships due to income that is below the poverty line and due to the number of people depends on agriculture which endures increasing spells droughts. Given the ecological and demographic pressures on the land and the lack of local employment opportunities, many families pressure their children to migrate, while many young people want to go abroad in search of better employment options and a possible better future. Qualitative research methodology was applied to describe the issue under consideration. This paper attempts to assess and critically examine the possible benefits, causes and potential human right violations faced by Ethiopian female domestic workers by taking Silte Zone of southern Ethiopia as an example that are migrating to the Middle East and Gulf States.
ESBOÇO HISTÓRICO DA POLÍTICA EXTERIOR DO BRASIL COLÔNIA, IMPÉRIO E REPÚBLICA
Authors: Mattos Carlos Meira
Published: December 2020

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SER POTÊNCIA É CONSEQÜÊNCIA
Authors: Döring Luiz Santos
Published: December 2020

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PALAVRAS DO COMANDANTE
Authors: Pereira Carlos Patrício Freitas
Published: December 2020

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KOSOVO, ALGO NOVO?
Authors: Döring Luiz Sanctos
Published: December 2020

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PRINCÍPIOS DE SOBERANIA E AUTODETERMINAÇÃO DOS POVOS NA POLÍTICA INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Martins Ives Gandra da Silva
Published: December 2020

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DISCUSSÃO DA POLÍTICA PETROLÍFERA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Rotstein Jaime
Published: December 2020

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CARTA DE CAMINHA, EXPEDIÇÃO DE CABRAL
Authors: Castro José Ariel
Published: December 2020

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REFLEXÕES SOBRE A REFORMULAÇÃO DA ESG
Authors: Fialho Ivan
Published: December 2020

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FUTURO DO CONSENSO DE WASHINGTON
Authors: Júnior Manuel Cambeses
Published: December 2020

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QUESTÃO DO KOSOVO, DOIS ANOS DEPOIS
Authors: Moraes Marcio Bonifácio
Published: December 2020

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PROGRAMA ESPACIAL BRASILEIRO:
Authors: Durão Otávio Santos Cupertino
Published: December 2020

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LÓGICA, CULTURA E ESTRATÉGIA
Authors: Santos Jorge Calvario dos
Published: December 2020

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A ARQUITETURA DO CAOS
Authors: Rotstein Jaime
Published: December 2020

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INTEGRAÇÃO SUL-AMERICANA
Authors: Costa e Silva Paulo Roberto
Published: December 2020

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RECORDAÇÕES DA MINHA PENÚLTIMA ESCOLA
Authors: Pacitti Tércio
Published: December 2020

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PALESTRA SOBRE A ORGANIZAÇÃO DA ESCOLA SUPERIOR DE GUERRA
Authors: Farias Oswaldo Cordeiro de
Published: December 2020

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ALCA E/OU MERCOSUL ?
Authors: Saraiva Gerardo José de Pontes
Published: December 2020

No limiar do 3o Milênio, mais do que nunca, precisa o Brasil inserir-se no contexto político-econômico mundial, participando de organismos internacionais. Assim, não se pode a priori descartar sua adesão à ALCA ¾ Associação de Livre Comércio das Américas. Essa inserção, porém, não pode realizar-se à revelia dos interesses nacionais e acordos em função dela assinados devem necessariamente ser de mão dupla, não favorecendo apenas um dos lados, nem prejudicando a integração entre blocos semelhantes já existentes.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Moreira José Benedito de Barros
Published: December 2020

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DESAFIOS E QUESTÕES DE SEGURANÇA NAS RELAÇÕES DO BRASIL COM OS PAÍSES ANDINOS
Authors: Barroso Edson de Oliveira
Published: December 2020

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UTILIZAÇÃO DOS EMBRIÕES HUMANOS PARA FINS DE PESQUISA E TERAPIA – ASPECTOS ÉTICOS E JURÍDICOS
Authors: Pessoa Célia Maria Vidal
Published: December 2020

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IMPORTÂNCIA DO ATLÂNTICO SUL PARA A SEGURANÇA NACIONAL E A INTEGRAÇÃO REGIONAL
Authors: Júnior Ilques Barbosa
Published: December 2020

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