bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hormone-like conopeptides – new tools for pharmaceutical design
Authors: Turner Ashlin , Kaas Quentin , Craik David J.
Published: September 2020

Marine cone snails produce an array of hormone-like peptides in their venom, providing bioactive leads for developing peptide drugs and small molecule mimetics.
Supramolecular control of the structure and receptor properties of an amphiphilic hemicyanine chromoionophore monolayer at the air/water interface
Authors: Shokurov Alexander V. , Alexandrova Alvina V. , Shcherbina Maxim A. , Bakirov Artem V. , Rogachev Alexander V. , Yakunin Sergey N. , Chvalun Sergey N. , Arslanov Vladimir V. , Selektor Sofiya L.
Published: September 2020

Barium cations do not bind directly to the ionophoric group of crown-hemicyanine molecules at the air/water interface, but efficiently preorganize such molecules to achieve supramolecular architecture that ensures low analyte detection threshold.
Motion behaviour of ellipsoidal granular system under vertical vibration and airflow
Authors: Jiang Mengxiang , Wu Ping , Liu Haowei , Li Li , Chen Sen , Zhang Shiping , Wang Li
Published: September 2020

We studied the motion behaviour of ellipsoid particles under vertical vibration and airflow. We quantitatively studied the effects of f, Γ, airflow direction, airflow velocity, and particle shape on the convection area and intensity.
Casein micelles in milk as sticky spheres
Authors: Smith Gregory N. , Brok Erik , Christiansen Morten Vormsborg , Ahrné Lilia
Published: September 2020

Ultra-small-angle scattering data from bovine casein micelles can only be fit if they are treated as sticky colloidal spheres, which impacts modelling other scattering data and can help understand the properties of milk and dairy products.
Deep optical imaging of the dark galaxy candidate AGESVC1 282
Authors: Bílek Michal , Müller Oliver , Vudragović Ana , Taylor Rhys
Published: September 2020

The blind H Isurvey Arecibo Galaxy Environment Survey (AGES) detected several unresolved sources in the Virgo cluster, which do not have optical counterparts in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The origin of these dark clouds is unknown. They might be crucial objects since they could be the so-called dark galaxies, that is, the dark matter halos without stellar content that are expected from cosmological simulations. In order to reveal the nature of the dark clouds, we took a deep optical image of one them, AGESVC1 282, with the newly-commissioned 1.4 mMilankovićTelescope. After observing it for 10.4 h in theL-filter, the image reached a surface-brightness limit of about 29.1 mag arcsec−2inV. No optical counterpart was detected. We placed an upper limit on theV-band luminosity of the object of 1.1 × 107 L⊙, giving a stellar mass below 1.4 × 107 M⊙and a H I-to-stellar mass ratio above 3.1. By inspecting archival H Iobservations of the surrounding region, we found that none of the standard explanations for optically dark H Iclouds fits the available constraints on this object.
An economic assessment of lignocellulosic biomass power plants
Authors: Menéndez Javier , Loredo Jorge
Published: September 2020

In 2016, electricity generation from solid biomass increased by 0.7 Mtoe in EU, compared with 2015, to 10.3 Mtoe (119.78 TWh), a 7.6% growth rate. Solid biomass may be used for: i) heating & cooling and hot water for domestic uses, ii) heating for industrial processes and iii) power generation. Unlike other renewable energy sources (RES), such as wind and solar photovoltaic (intermittent energy sources), solid biomass power plants provide dispatchable energy when needed. Therefore, the security of supply could also be increased. In addition, the use of solid biomass has significant advantages, such as the creation of jobs related to the power plant and collection of raw material used to produce energy. In this paper, an economic assessment of forest biomass power plants is carried out in the Iberian electricity system. According to current Spanish electrical regulation, in which three economic parameters are considered as income (day-ahead market, operation and investment), an economic model has been developed for the regulatory useful life (25 years). Investment costs for biomass power plants of 15, 30 and 50 MWe have been estimated. Operation & Maintenance and fuel costs, considering different prices of wet biomass (50-60 € t-1) with a moisture content of 40% and a lower calorific value of 2.8 MWh t-1 on average, have also been considered in the economic model. Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and payback period have been obtained in all scenarios. The results obtained show that a biomass power plant with a power of 50 MWe may produce 337.5 GWh year-1of net electrical energy using 446.43 kt year-1 of wet biomass. Considering a price of electrical energy of 145 € MWh-1 and a woody biomass cost of 0.0178 € kWh-1, the NPV and IRR reach 165.6 M€ and 17.63%, respectively.
Digital Community Biomass Power Plant Competitiveness in Thailand
Authors: Adsavakulchai Suwannee , Kaewsiri Udomsak
Published: September 2020

The participation of citizens and communities as partners in energy projects are transforming the energy system. Community enterprise initiatives are offering new opportunities for local residence to get actively involved in energy matters. Meanwhile, the worldwide deployment of digital technology in energy sector has become a trending subject of sorts among industry giants as well as the start-up investor community, with applications ranging from grid transactions, financing and transparency in supply chain. This paper reviewed the community biomass power plants sector to comply with the resolution of the National Energy Policy Council, rules and regulations based on a Porter's Diamond model. The results show that such collaborations between local residents and private sector or private sector with state organisation can lead to win-win situations, digitalizing the community biomass power plant by connect all relevant sectors through digital platform and sophisticated innovation in particular Fintech and IT have important potential implications for the implementation of a range of sustainable development and enhancing security and efficiency of the power plant. It is considered to be of great importance in order to enhances competitiveness and will continue to be supported by the government.
The simulation analysis of composite parabolic concentrator to improve the performance of thermoelectric devices
Authors: He Zeming , Yang Ming , Ma Yu , Ding Ding , Zhang Hang
Published: September 2020

The collection and reuse of thermal radiation energy generated by high-temperature objects has always been the focus of attention and research. Here we designed and fabricated a compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) that can be used for infrared radiation energy collection based on non-imaging optical technology. The energy gathered by CPC has a significant effect on the improvement of the surface temperature of objects. The thermoelectric (TE) generator is a good choice to utilize this thermal energy. This paper analyses and discusses the effects of CPC on the performance of thermoelectric model by simulation. The result has well demonstrated that the TE model with CPC has not only a considerable reduction in structure size and material consumption, but also ensures higher output power and efficiency. In addition, we propose that the array of CPC shall prominently enhance the performance of thermoelectric device.
Estimate Mass Flow Rate of Dense Phased Powder Solids
Authors: Abrar Usama , Shi Liu , Raza Jaffri Nasif , Kang Yi , Nawaz Muhammad , Huixian Zhu
Published: September 2020

The complex multiphase gas-solid flow has always been a point of attraction for researchers over the past decade to explore the sensing techniques to sense and measure the mass flow. Weather dilute or dense phase flow, the gas-solid flow measurement generally requires velocity profile and volumetric concentration measurement to find the mass flow rate. The nature of the solids, the environmental factors-specially moisture adversely affects the sensor readings-specifically when it is non-invasive capacitive sensors. Gas-solid flow finds its applications in power plants, food, chemical, automobile, and pharmaceutical industries. This paper aims to explore the evolution of a novel approach of using load cell in conjunction with capacitive electrodes for calculating the mass flow rate of the solids.
Intelligent orchestration of database resources in power system
Authors: Hu Junjun , Yang Bo , Yang Mingjie , Wang Qiong , Yan Runzhen , Lin Kaiyun
Published: September 2020

With the continuous development of cloud computing technology, the size of database clusters is getting larger and larger. The database resources in existing power systems need to be manually deployed, which puts great pressure on operation and maintenance personnel. Therefore, resource orchestration and automatic deployment are proposed and realized. This method implements a visual orchestration interface through the GoJS framework, establishes a deployment template, uses Spring template to encapsulate task execution scripts, orchestrates database instances, high-availability standby machines, and logical replication at one time, simplifying the deployment process. Practice shows that this method can be effective Reduce deployment time and improve work efficiency.
Acoustic Characteristics of Noise Absorbing Barriers
Authors: Nazarov Gleb , Nepryakhin Dmitry , Komkin Alexandr
Published: September 2020

The acoustic characteristics of the semi-infinite noise barrier were studied using finite element modeling in the COMSOL Multiphysics software package. The features of the finite element partition into the accuracy of the results are estimated. The results of numerical calculations of the acoustic efficiency of a barrier with and without a sound absorbing layer are presented. The influence on the acoustic efficiency of the noise barrier of the length and thickness of the sound absorbing layer is analyzed.
Transmission of Railway Induced Vibrations in Buildings
Authors: Moskovets Mariya , Kanev Nikolay
Published: September 2020

This paper presents the problem of vibration transmission in building structures, which is induced by rail transport, and it discusses the effect of acoustic isolation used at the foundation. The vibration sources generate acoustic waves which are transmitted to the foundation and propagate trough the floors and slabs of the building. The transmission coefficients of the acoustic waves induced by metro trains and trams were determined in the building foundation and slabs. It was shown that mechanical resonances have a significant influence on the vibrations of the slabs. The characteristics of vibration propagation through vibration-insulated floors were found. Using the data obtained in this study, vibration effects in buildings located near vibration sources can be estimated, vibration protection measures can be developed.
Acoustic and other environmental risks: international legal regulation of prevention means
Authors: Lapshina Irina E.
Published: September 2020

This paper defines environmental audit, environmental insurance, environmental risk, acoustic risks, and environmental assessment. Also, the paper analyses the regulatory framework for the aforementioned governance mechanisms and characterizes the current state of the environmental audit, insurance, and assessment in Russia and other countries. Legal regulation of acoustic and other environmental risks is analyzed. The form and matter of the environmental audit, insurance, and assessment are characterized. Finally, the paper highlights the problems and prospects of the statutory regulation of these mechanisms in Russia.
On the influence of lateral cells and local perforation of resonance liner samples on the accuracy of determining their acoustic characteristics in experimental studies
Authors: Kustov Oleg , Khramtsov Igor
Published: September 2020

When determining the acoustic characteristics of a single-layer sample of a honeycomb liner by experiments in interferometers with normal wave incidence, a significant effect of incomplete lateral cells of the sample on acoustic characteristics was revealed. The experiments were carried out on two interferometers with channel diameters of 30 and 50 mm in the frequency range 500-3500 Hz at sound pressure levels of 120-155 dB. Based on the results of the experiments, an assessment was made of the effect on the acoustic characteristics of the percentage of perforation, which is the same both for one honeycomb cell and for the entire SAS sample. Based on the results of the research, recommendations were made to improve the accuracy of obtaining the acoustic characteristics of samples of honeycomb liner when testing them in interferometers of normal wave incidence.
About Determining the Distribution of Air Bubbles in Water by Sizes Using a Passive Hydroacoustic Method
Authors: Gavrilev Stepan , Ivanov Mikhail
Published: September 2020

The task of determining the distribution of air bubbles in water by size is one of the keys in the calculation, design and operation of gas-liquid systems. At present, optical and hydroacoustic methods are used to solve this problem. This paper describes the difficulties with the use of a passive hydroacoustic method. It is shown that the noise created by the bubbles is caused not only by their harmonic pulsations, but also by separation from the source and collapse. Upon separation and collapse, broadband noise is emitted, which complicates the allocation of the noise of the harmonic pulsations of the bubbles.
Study of the Hershel-Quinke Resonator
Authors: Nikolaeva Veronika , Komkin Alexandr
Published: September 2020

In this paper, the transmission loss of a Herschel-Quincke resonator is investigated. An analytical model of such a resonator is considered. The finite element modeling of the resonator has also been carried out. It is shown that the resonance peaks of the transmission loss spectrum in the analytical model are shifted relative to the results of numerical calculations, as a result of which it is necessary to introduce corrections for the length of the resonator tubes into the analytical model. The amendments made it possible to correct the results of analytical calculations, ensuring their reliability. The dependence of the resonator bandwidth as a function of its geometric parameters is investigated.
Maximum Damping of the Lowest Room Eigenfrequency by a Monopole
Authors: Mameshina Darya , Kanev Nikolay
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we consider the problem of sound absorption by a monopole in a rectangular room with absolutely rigid walls. The absorption efficiency is characterized by the damping coefficients of free oscillations of the “monopole-room” system. The impedance of the monopole is found, at which the damping coefficient of the resonance of the system with the lowest natural frequency is maximum. The monopole with this impedance can be realized using an active control method that allows the required impedance to be achieved over a wide frequency band.
Atempause
Authors: Jacob Alexandra
Published: September 2020

Was Pflegende und Patienten von Apnoetauchern lernen können und wie Sie trainieren, achtsam zu atmen, lesen Sie in unserem Interventionskoffer. Denn wenn der Atem zur Ruhe kommt, kommt auch der Geist zur Ruhe – und umgekehrt
Bin ich überengagiert?
Authors: Baden Jessica
Published: September 2020

Im 9. Teil unserer Serie steht kein Patient im Mittelpunkt, sondern ein Teamkollege. Er betreut seit über 20 Jahren als Sachbearbeiter des Gesundheitsamtes einen Fall, der ihn emotional sehr belastet und an seine Grenzen führt. Lesen Sie, wie mithilfe der systemischen Fallbesprechung neue Perspektiven entwickelt werden.
Rupture of the Globe: What to Do, What not to Do
Authors: Joussen Antonia M. , Müller Bert , Kirchhof Bernd , Stappler Theodor , Zeitz Oliver
Published: September 2020

Due to their complexity, globe ruptures are highly compromising traumas for the patient. This is due on the one hand to the eye injury itself with the accompanying loss of vision and on the other hand due to the need for extended treatment with uncertain prognosis and the resulting psychological stress. Globe ruptures are among the prognostically most unfavorable injuries due to the force and peak pressure impacting the eye. Furthermore, contusional retinal necrosis may be of significance prognostically. In the present review, we discuss treatment of globe ruptures involving retinal surgery. We discuss the primary sugery, its chronological planning and extent as well as the necessity for follow-up interventions. We also discuss the origin of traumatic retinal detachment with differential diagnosis of giant retinal tear versus oradialysis as well as secondary sequelae of traumas such as formation of macular holes and their treatment. On this basis, the use of buckling surgery versus pars-plana vitrectomy is discussed. Further focus is set on the role of the iris lens diaphragm in surgery of globe ruptures.
Mikronährstoffe in der Onkologie: Risiko und Nutzen
Authors: Mücke Ralph , Micke Oliver , Büntzel Jens , Adamietz Irenaeus A. , Fakhrian Khashayar
Published: September 2020

Hintergrund Das Interesse sowohl von betreuenden Ärzten als auch Tumorpatienten an der zusätzlichen Einnahme von Mikronährstoffen während einer onkologischen Therapie mit unterschiedlichen Intentionen nimmt zu. Dieses Update liefert deshalb eine Standortbestimmung zum zusätzlichen Einsatz von ausgewählten Mikronährstoffen während der Tumortherapie.

Methoden Es wurde eine Literaturrecherche hinsichtlich des Einsatzes von ausgewählten Mikronährstoffen in der Onkologie, die bis 2018 in zitierfähigen Journalen erschienen sind, durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse Daten zu Mikronährstoffen, die sowohl hinsichtlich der Lebensqualität als auch der Prognose einen Nutzen für onkologische Patienten bringen, als auch Erkenntnisse zu Mikronährstoffen, die für die Patienten keinen Benefit haben oder sogar schaden, werden präsentiert. Die gute Datenlage hinsichtlich Vitamin D und Selen erlaubt hier die Empfehlung zur Supplementation nach Spiegelbestimmung im Serum.

Schlussfolgerung Nicht nur vorrangig onkologisch tätige Ärzte, sondern auch alle Ärzte, die Tumorpatienten mitbetreuen, sollten Kenntnisse über die wichtigsten Mikronährstoffe haben, um diese an die Patienten weiterzugeben und sie auch gezielt zum Nutzen der Patienten einzusetzen.
Mikronährstoffe, Immunüberwachung und
Immunseneszenz
Authors: Stoll Günther
Published: September 2020

Wie andere Organsysteme ist auch das komplexe und dezentrale Immunsystem dem
Alterungsprozess unterworfen. Dies zeigt sich teilweise auf Organebene
(z. B. Thymus-Involution) als auch auf zellulärer und
molekularer Ebene. Zu den Kennzeichen des Alterns zählt auch die
Verringerung an Stammzellen, die sich besonders im Immunsystem bemerkbar
macht. Durch die bereits bei der Verlängerung der Lebensspanne
erzielten Fortschritte wird das Immunsystem in höherem Alter umso
stärker belastet; dies begleitet die Entstehung altersassoziierter
Erkrankungen wie etwa Krebs. Allein schon ein Ausgleich von
Mikronährstoff-Defiziten kann eine Immunregeneration bewirken. Die
Rolle von Mikronährstoffen in der Immunabwehr von Infektionen und
der Bekämpfung von Krebserkrankungen wird besprochen und
v. a. die Rolle von Vitamin D, Zink und Selen diskutiert. Erste
Hinweise zeigen, dass in Zeiten einer Viruspandemie einer solchen
Unterstützung des Immunsystems von Patienten erhebliche Bedeutung
zukommt.
Magnetic Resonance Thrombus Imaging to Differentiate Acute from Chronic Portal Vein Thrombosis
Authors: van Dam Lisette F. , Klok Frederikus A. , Tushuizen Maarten E. , Ageno Walter , Darwish Murad Sarwa , van Haren Guido R. , Huisman Menno V. , Lauw Mandy N. , Iglesias del Sol Antonio , Wasser Martin N.J.M. , Willink Ysbrand , Kroft Lucia J.M.
Published: September 2020

Introduction Timely diagnosis and treatment of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is crucial to prevent morbidity and mortality. However, current imaging tests cannot always accurately differentiate acute from chronic (nonocclusive) PVT. Magnetic resonance noncontrast thrombus imaging (MR-NCTI) has been shown to accurately differentiate acute from chronic venous thrombosis at other locations and may also be of value in the diagnostic management of PVT. This study describes the first phase of the Rhea study (NTR 7061). Our aim was to select and optimize MR-NCTI sequences that would be accurate for differentiation of acute from chronic PVT.

Study Design The literature was searched for different MRI sequences for portal vein and acute thrombosis imaging. The most promising sequences were tested in a healthy volunteer followed by one patient with acute PVT and two patients with chronic PVT, all diagnosed on (repetitive) contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) venography to optimize the MR-NCTI sequences. All images were evaluated by an expert panel.

Results Several MR-NCTI sequences were identified and tested. Differentiation of acute from chronic PVT was achieved with 3D T1 TFE (three-dimensional T1 turbo field echo) and 3D T1 Dixon FFE (three-dimensional T1 fast field echo) sequences with best image quality. The expert panel was able to confirm the diagnosis of acute PVT on the combined two MR-NCTI sequences and to exclude acute PVT in the two patients with chronic PVT.

Conclusion Using 3D T1 TFE and 3D T1 Dixon FFE sequences, we were able to distinguish acute from chronic PVT. This clinical relevant finding will be elucidated in clinical studies to establish their test performance.
Transition to Adult Care in Youth with Epilepsy: One Center's Experience with a Transition Program and Its Integration within Telemedicine
Authors: Jones Gina L. , Hickam Teresa , Wellman Courtney , Modrcin Ann , Abdelmoity Ahmed , Le Pichon Jean-Baptiste
Published: September 2020

Neurology patients often have disorders that require life-long care and ongoing treatment. The transition of pediatric neurology patients to adult neurology care, particularly in epilepsy, is an evolving concept that is recognized as important for patients and families. Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City has an established transition program that has been integrated into the neurology clinic as a part of standard care. Our experience and utilization of a transition program has provided our patients with a unique opportunity, empowering them to navigate their own care and create a seamless transition to adult neurology. Through a collaboration with the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Department of Health Resources and Services Administration, we have proposed a practice model designed to create a medical home for children and youth with epilepsy in rural underserved areas of Kansas. One of the core end points of this study is transition of care for youth with epilepsy using telemedicine. In this article, we describe our experience with a transition program for epilepsy patients and describe the very early implementation of this program to a telemedicine transition program designed for underserved rural populations.
Pneumomediastinum: A Rare Presentation of Inflicted Injuries in Infants
Authors: Bajinting Adam , Lee Adam , Lunneen Abby , Fitzpatrick Colleen M. , Villalona Gustavo A.
Published: September 2020

Reports of incidental pneumomediastinum in infants secondary to inflicted trauma are limited. A retrospective review of infants with pneumomediastinum and history of inflicted trauma was performed. A comprehensive literature review was performed. Three infants presented with pneumomediastinum associated with inflicted trauma. Mean age was 4.6 weeks. All patients underwent diagnostic studies, as well as a standardized evaluation for nonaccidental trauma. All patients with pneumomediastinum were resolved at follow-up. Review of the literature identified other cases with similar presentations with related oropharyngeal injuries. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in previously healthy infants may be associated with inflicted injuries. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of an oropharyngeal perforation related to this presentation.
Pharmacological Considerations When Transitioning the Care of Epilepsy Patients from Pediatric to Adult Epilepsy Centers
Authors: Guido-Estrada Natalie , Sattar Shifteh
Published: September 2020

There is scarce evidence in review of the available literature to support a clear and superior model for the transition of care for epilepsy patients from pediatric to adult centers. Anecdotally, there is a common perception that families are reluctant to make this change and that the successful transition of care for epilepsy can be a challenge for patients, families, and physicians. As part of the effort to prepare the patient and family for the adult model of care, several treatment issues should be addressed. In this article, we discuss the specific challenges for physicians in transition of care for epilepsy patients from a pharmacological standpoint, which include differences in metabolism and pharmacodynamics that can impact tolerability or efficacy of antiepileptic medications, lifestyle changes affecting medication compliance and seizure control, acquired adult health conditions necessitating new medications that may result in adverse drug interactions, and adult neurologists' potential lack of familiarity with certain medications typically used in the pediatric epilepsy population. We offer this as a guide to avoid one of the many possible pitfalls when epilepsy patients transition to adult care.
Managing Transition of Care in Adolescent Females with Epilepsy
Authors: Katyal Roohi , Singhal Divya
Published: September 2020

Transition of care from pediatric epilepsy clinics to adult health care is often a challenging process, especially due to limited availability of relevant guidelines. It carries even more significant implications in specific population subsets such as adolescent females, given a myriad of physiological as well as psychosocial changes seen in this age group. Women with epilepsy face distinct challenges because of hormonal variations on seizures (catamenial epilepsy). Furthermore, seizures and antiepileptic drugs impact menstruation, pregnancy, and lactation. These patients are at a higher risk for developing mental health problems, and a close follow-up with appropriate screening for psychiatric disorders is prudent.

Several factors contributing to poor transition of care include limited availability of a multidisciplinary set-up and social-support services, delayed referral to specialist(s), and tendency for treatment nonadherence. In this review, we discuss the current scenario of transition of care in adolescent females with epilepsy and explore avenues for improvement based on our subspecialty clinic experiences. We illustrate the value of interdisciplinary care proactively involving neurologists/epileptologists, primary care physicians, obstetricians–gynecologists, and relevant social services and emphasize shared decision-making, effective contraceptive methods, preconceptual counseling, maintenance of bone-health, and enhanced quality of life.
Posttraumatic Carotid Cavernous Fistula–A Rare Case
Authors: Dahiya Amit , Dahiya Sumit , Kumar S Suresh , Rege Shrikant V , Jatav Gaurav , Chaitanya Krishna , Varma Sandeep
Published: September 2020

Carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is a specific type of dural arteriovenous (AV) fistula characterized by abnormal AV shunting within the cavernous sinus. The authors presented in this article a case of a 17-year-old young male patient who encountered a road traffic accident while driving a car, with a history of flipping of cars multiple times. The patient was unconscious with symmetrical bilateral (B/L) pupils and with Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score of 3. There was no history of seizures or vomiting.
Investigating correlation between fragility and intermolecular potential in glass-forming liquids
Authors: Gasparini Allison
Published: September 2020

Using a model that describes the viscosity of liquids in terms of physical parameters, researchers found a correlation between fragility and interparticle repulsion in glass-forming liquids.
On adiabatic oscillations of a stratified atmosphere on the flat earth
Authors: Makino Tetu
Published: September 2020

We consider the oscillations of the atmosphere around a stratified back ground density and entropy distribution under the gravitation on the flat Earth. The atmosphere is supposed to be an ideal gas, and the motion is supposed to be governed by the compressible Euler equations. The density distribution of the background equilibrium is supposed to touch the vacuum at the finite height of the stratosphere. Considering the linearized approximation for small perturbations, we show that time periodic oscillations with a sequence of time periods, which accumulate to infinity, say, slow and slow oscillations, so called “g-modes,” can appear when the square of the Brunt–Väisälä frequency is positive everywhere for the considered background equilibrium.
Surface-pressure pattern of separating flows over inclined slender bodies
Authors: Lee S.-K. , Jones M. B.
Published: September 2020

Surface-pressure measurements and literature review of crossflows over inclined slender bodies at high Reynolds numbers (4.2 × 106 to 17 × 106, based on body length and freestream velocity) show that the constructed pressure maps have a distinct pattern, which relates to large-scale separation. The separation envelope is defined by a pair of primary and secondary surface-bifurcation lines as described by Lee [“Longitudinal development of flow-separation lines on slender bodies in translation,” J. Fluid Mech. 837, 627–639 (2018)]. The present study shows that the separation envelope falls in a “plateau” region in the circumferential distribution of the mean pressure. In the distribution of circumferential pressure gradient, there are two local maxima, where one is located on the windward side of the separation envelope and the other is located on the leeward side. Pattern tracking identifies that the locus of maximum circumferential pressure gradient resembles the locus of separation, but is located further upstream along the slender body.
Measurement of roost entrance activity of Pilbara leaf-nosed bats (Rhinonicteris aurantia) using passive integrated transponder tags
Authors: Bullen R. D. , Reiffer S.
Published: September 2020

Until recently, little was known about the ecology, foraging patterns and regional movement of the Pilbara leaf-nosed bat (Rhinonicteris aurantia, Pilbara form). Its only known permanent diurnal roosts are in deep caves or disused underground mines that offer a very specific microclimate. There are few suitable roosts and, as a result, the Pilbara form of this species is under pressure from development and mining and is listed under Commonwealth and State legislation as a vulnerable mammal. In 2017 a recording system was installed at the permanent Ratty Spring Roost near Paraburdoo, and 18 adult bats (11 males and 7 females) were fitted with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags. The roost entrance activity of the bats was then monitored for over two years and the movement patterns of the bats were recorded. Variations in timing of first departures after dusk, last arrivals before dawn, total time out of the roost, the number of foraging bouts out of the roost and the number of exit and re-entry pairs on a nightly, monthly and seasonal basis were determined for the colony and for both males and females separately. This is the first activity data collected from individuals of this conservation-significant species at its roost cave entrances.
Heterotrophic eukaryotes show a slow-fast continuum, not a gleaner–exploiter trade-off
Authors: Kiørboe Thomas , Thomas Mridul K.
Published: September 2020

Significance

Organisms must allocate energy and resources to all basic life functions, and this leads to inescapable trade-offs. These trade-offs govern the species composition and functioning of ecosystems. We show that perhaps the most commonly assumed trade-off in ecology—between relative performance at low and high resource (food) levels—does not exist. Instead, species that do better at low resource levels also do better at high resource levels. Models predicting how communities respond to environmental change will need to be reevaluated in light of this. Our results also imply that the most important trade-off in nature is probably that between the ability to grow fast and to survive the threat of predation.
Longin R-SNARE is retrieved from the plasma membrane by ANTH domain-containing proteins inArabidopsis
Authors: Fujimoto Masaru , Ebine Kazuo , Nishimura Kohji , Tsutsumi Nobuhiro , Ueda Takashi
Published: September 2020

Significance

The plasma membrane (PM) acts as the interface between intra- and extracellular environments and is thus important for intercellular communication and extracellular signal perception. The composition and amounts of PM proteins are tightly regulated, by molecular mechanisms that remain largely unknown in plant cells. We identified a pair of ANTH domain-containing proteins functioning as adaptors for the retrieval of VAMP72 members, which are components of the membrane fusion machinery, during clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Our results further indicate that the recycling mechanisms of homologous VAMP7 proteins are different in plants and animals, suggesting a divergence of the endocytosis mechanism between these two kingdoms.
Detection of spatio-temporal changes of vegetation in coastal areas subjected to soil erosion issue
Authors: Capolupo A. , Saponaro M. , Fratino U. , Tarantino E.
Published: September 2020

Coastal soil erosion can be recognized as the most alarming environmental issue since, causing shoreline retreat, reduces the area available for plant habitat survival, highly influencing their health status, and, consequently, limiting their ability in beach front properties protection. A deep knowledge of vegetation changes is required to identify the proper strategy to be adopted to face soil erosion problems in coastal areas. Therefore, the current paper is aimed to quantitatively examine the spatio-temporal changes suffered by the vegetation in the coastline of Siponto in Apulia Region (Southern Italy) covering a time period of about forty years. LANDSAT images from 1975, 2006, 2011 and 2018 were collected, atmospherically corrected and, finally, processed to generate binary classification maps of vegetation by applying the Composite Vegetation Index, a novel index based on the interpolation of Red, Green and Near-Infrared bands, suitable for catching both cellular and metabolic features of vegetation. Then, the generated binary classification maps were compared using the Vegetation Index Differencing technique, a post-classification change detection technique. The results showed an increase in vegetation extension cover and density overall the entire examined period. That phenomenon appeared more and more prominent between 1975 and 2006, where an increment of vegetated areas extension of about 88% were registered. Combining of the novel vegetation index, developed ad-hoc in the current research, and Vegetation Index Differencing approach shows promising results in vegetation classification and comparison over the time. Indeed, the method allows the fast vegetation extraction, great processing time saver. Nevertheless, spatial resolution of Landsat Images limits the classification of small and low-density vegetated areas. Therefore, future work should plan to test the proposed approach at a more detailed scale.
Review of polymorphous Ga2O3materials and their solar-blind photodetector applications
Authors: Hou Xiaohu , Zou Yanni , Ding Mengfan , Qin Yuan , Zhang Zhongfang , Ma Xiaolan , Tan Pengju , Yu Shunjie , Zhou Xuanzhe , Zhao Xiaolong , Xu Guangwei , Sun Haiding , Long Shibing
Published: September 2020

Light detection in the deep-ultraviolet (DUV) solar-blind waveband has attracted interest due to its critical applications, especially in safety and space detection. A DUV photodetector based on wide-bandgap semiconductors provides a subversive scheme to simplify the currently mature DUV detection system. As an ultra-wide-bandgap (4.4–5.3 eV) semiconductor directly corresponding to the DUV solar-blind waveband, Ga2O3has an important strategic position in the prospective layout of semiconductor technology owing to its intrinsic characteristics of high breakdown electric field, excellent tolerance of high/low temperature, high resistance to radiation, and rich material systems. As the only native substrate that can be fabricated from melt-grown bulk single crystals,β-Ga2O3has attracted a lot of attention both in power-electronic and photo-electronic devices. In addition, other metastable phases (e.g.α, ϵ, γ) of Ga2O3have attracted great interest due to their unique properties. In this work, we discuss the advances in achieving bulk and film Ga2O3materials with different crystal phases. In addition, the latest achievements with polymorphous Ga2O3-based solar-blind photodetectors (SBPDs) and the methods to enhance their performance, including doping, annealing, and transparent electrodes, are also discussed. Furthermore, as the most desirable application, DUV imaging technologies based on Ga2O3SBPDs are systematically summarized. Finally, conclusions regarding recent advances in Ga2O3SBPDs, remaining challenges, and prospects are presented and discussed.
Design and simulation of a wideband, wide-angle and polarization-insensitive microwave absorber based on pattern optimization of resistive films
Authors: Ghadimi Ali , Nayyeri Vahid , Khanjarian Mostafa , Soleimani Mohammad , Ramahi Omar M
Published: September 2020

A wideband, thin, and multilayer (planar) microwave absorber is designed in this paper. The absorber is a periodic array of cells which includes three patterns of resistive film on two dielectric substrates. To design the array’s cell, a pattern optimization procedure based on the application of a binary optimization algorithm was utilized. The outcome of this procedure is a pixelated pattern of resistive film yielding the maximum possible absorption bandwidth (BW) and a high insensitivity to the polarization of the incident wave. Our pattern-optimized design achieved a 90%-absorption rate over a wide frequency BW of 1.6 to 23.7 GHz (175% fractional BW) under normal incidence. Moreover, the absorber operates over a wide range of incidence angles for obliquely incident waves.
First-principles analysis of magnetically doped transition-metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Pan Minghao , Mullen Jeffrey T , Wook Kim Ki
Published: September 2020

The electronic and magnetic properties of magnetically doped transition-metal dichalcogenides are examined via first-principles calculations. With the confinement of wavefunctions in the two-dimensional space, substitutional doping of transition-metal elements can induce magnetism and spin splitting at band edges through the exchange interaction. Specifically, MX2 monolayers with M = (Mo, W) and X = (S, Se, Te) are explored for a range of dopants such as Fe, Mn, Co, Zn, Cd, V, Cu, and Sc. Among those studied, the results show that Fe and Mn may be promising candidates with large local magnetic moments. The exchange interaction in these two cases also appears to be Kondo-like. In addition, V and Sc are identified as the p-dopants for carrier-mediated magnetism despite their small magnetic moments. The effective exchange constants in Fe-doped and Mn-doped systems are deduced from the first-principles results and may be useful in the diluted systems, where the direct calculation is challenging.
Flexible, heat-resistant photodetector based on MoS2 nanosheets thin film on transparent muscovite mica substrate
Authors: Bao Yunxia , Han Jianfu , Li Hongxing , Huang Kai
Published: September 2020

Muscovite mica, a natural layered material with excellent flexibility and super flat surface, which can be well integrated into flexible optoelectronic devices. In addition to its ability to withstand higher temperatures than conventional flexible substrates, its natural high surface energy and hydrophilicity give muscovite mica a good adsorption capacity for two-dimensional materials. Here, we combined mica substrate with a thin film of MoS2 nanosheets floating on the water surface to produce a flexible, heat-resistant photodetector. The device exhibits excellent response stability, superior flexibility and fast response time (976 ms of rise time and 161 ms of decay time). Moreover, the responsivity of 8.45 μA∙W−1 and the detectivity of 4.1 × 107 Jones are realized respectively. After 500 bending cycles, the photodetector still possesses the ability to output the photocurrent signal continuously and stably. What’s more, the devices have a consistent performance after 300 °C bake, showing excellent stability and fast response. This work shows great potential for flexible photodetectors and contributed to the development of flexible optoelectronic devices from the room-temperature to heat-resistance practical applications.
Wurtzite InP microdisks: from epitaxy to room-temperature lasing
Authors: Staudinger Philipp , Mauthe Svenja , Triviño Noelia Vico , Reidt Steffen , Moselund Kirsten E , Schmid Heinz
Published: September 2020

Metastable wurtzite crystal phases of conventional semiconductors comprise enormous potential for high-performance electro-optical devices, owed to their extended tunable direct band gap range. However, synthesizing these materials in good quality and beyond nanowire size constraints has remained elusive. In this work, the epitaxy of wurtzite InP microdisks and related geometries on insulator for advanced optical applications is explored. This is achieved by an elaborate combination of selective area growth of fins and a zipper-induced epitaxial lateral overgrowth, which enables co-integration of diversely shaped crystals at precise position. The grown material possesses high phase purity and excellent optical quality characterized by STEM and µ-PL. Optically pumped lasing at room temperature is achieved in microdisks with a lasing threshold of 365 µJ cm−2. Our platform could provide novel geometries for photonic applications.
A simulation-based analysis of photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectors with a new TRNSYS type model
Authors: Emmi G , Bordignon S , Zarrella A , Vivian J , Croci L , Besagni G
Published: September 2020

Nowadays buildings are responsible of 36% of CO2 emissions and space heating and cooling alone accounts for 40% of the final energy consumption at European level. In this context, solar-assisted systems represent an important solution to support the decarbonisation pathways in residential sector. In this work, a novel lumped parameter simulation model for photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectors developed by Authors as a type of Transient System Simulation (TRNSYS) software is used to carry out computer simulations in different climatic conditions. The model is based on the electrical analogy method to solve the transient heat transfer problem and considers the effect of the thermal capacitances of the elements composing the photovoltaic thermal collector. The simulation tool was also validated with the experimental data in terms of both electrical and thermal power. In this work, a simulation-based analysis is carried out considering three climatic zones in order to evaluate the thermal performance of photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectors under different operating conditions.
Cross-Domain Tibetan Word Segmentation Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Zhuoma Cuo , Cai Rangjia , San Zhijia , Guan Quezhuoma , Zhuo Mazhaxi
Published: September 2020

Tibetan word segmentation is the primary task of various types of Tibetan natural language processing. However, when the test corpus and the training corpus are inconsistent, the accuracy of word segmentation will drop significantly. Therefore, in this paper firstly we build a BiLSTM-CRF Tibetan word segmentation model based on deep learning that includes dictionary features, and train the model parameters on the open domain word segmentation data. Then, taking the Tibetan medical clinical text as a small-scale word segmentation training corpus, and fine-tuning the parameters of the BiLSTM-CRF word segmentation model of the open domain corpus, and adding the domain vocabulary to the dictionary features of the model. So that the precision, recall rate and F value of the word segmentation model on the test data reached 93.21%, 92.10%, and 94.37% respectively.
Iterative Learning Control for a Class of Partial State Measurable Systems
Authors: Wang Xidan , Xu Kaina , Yan Qiuzhen , Cai Jianping , Yang Zhi , Bao Zhiyan
Published: September 2020

In this paper, the tracking problem for a class of nonparametric systems is discussed, in which only partial system state can be measurable. After implementing reasonable coordinate transformations, an adaptive iterative learning control scheme is developed with the partial measurable system state information used. Iterative learning control and Robust control are together used to deal with non-parametric uncertainties under alignment condition. As the iteration number increases, the system output can follow the desired trajectory over the full period, and all signal are guaranteed to be bounded. A simulation example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed iterative learning control scheme.
A Sound-Image Coding Method Inspired by an Acousto-Optic Electronic Piano
Authors: Liu Qi , Qu Shaocheng
Published: September 2020

This paper firstly brings up a point that there seems to be a lack of a direct mapping bridge method for interconversion between sound and image, because many methods invented for scientific research on sound visualization are based on the sound characteristics of pitch, duration, loudness and timbre. Secondly, it designs an acousto-optic electronic piano which can possess both sound and color effects with the application of music visualization, and presents a sound-image coding method inspired by the previous design which can transform music note to picture pixel. Thirdly, it manages to transform a simple piece of music called “I am a painting master” into a corresponding picture with the mapping bridge method using Matlab software. More coding bits of the method should be added for complex music. The sound-image coding method exhibits a mapping bridge role for sound-image interactive design, which may help to find essential relationship between music and picture in mentality.
An Improved Remote Sensing Image Classification Method Based on DCNN
Authors: Xu Bin , Zong Jiafei , Ding Ling , Zhang Wei , Cao Guoguang
Published: September 2020

The popular deep learning method of the year established a recognition model to identify remote sensing images, which is a new method. Based on Google Inc.’s Inception-v3 convolutional neural network recognition model, this paper adopted a conception of migration learning to achieve the accurate automatic classification of remote sensing image scenes. Since the model already possesses good convolution parameters for image feature extraction, the idea of migration learning was used to retrain the model. To achieve the purpose of learning UC Merced Land Use Dataset related data types, the authors use the training set and test set to test separately. The learning model has a good learning effect and a high classification recognition rate.