bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association Between Personal Values in Adolescence and Subjective Well-Being and Subjective Health Status in Adulthood: A Cross-Sectional Study with Retrospective Recall
Authors: Iida Mako , Watanabe Kazuhiro , Yasuma Naonori , Nishi Daisuke , Kawakami Norito
Published: April 2020

Backgrounds: Subjective well-being and subjective health status are significant indicators of healthy lives, and might be influenced by personal values shaped in adolescence. However, there are no studies that have examined the association between personal values in adolescence and subjective well-being in adulthood. The purpose of this study was to investigate this association in a large community adult sample in Japan. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with retrospective recall, using data from a Japanese study on stratification, health, income, and neighborhood (J-SHINE) survey. We used data for demographic variables and outcome variables (i.e., meaning in life, life satisfaction, and subjective health status) in a Wave 1 survey, and data regarding personal values (i.e., value priorities based on Schwartz’s theory of basic values and commitment to values) at the age of 15 in a Wave 3 survey. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between personal values at the age of 15 and meaning in life, life satisfaction, and subjective health status in adulthood. Results: A total of 2,413 adults from the J-SHINE sample were included in the analysis. The adolescent values of “having influence on society,” “actively challenging,” “having and keeping a belief,” “exploring what you were interested in,” “graduating from a famous school,” and commitment to values were positively and significantly associated, while “being evaluated by others” in adolescence was negatively associated with meaning in life in adulthood. At the same time, commitment to values in adolescence was positively and significantly associated with life satisfaction in adulthood. With subjective health status in adulthood, the adolescent value of “graduating from a famous school” had a positive and significant correlation, while “maintain a stable life” had a negative and significant association. Conclusions: Personal values related to openness to change and self-enhancement, and commitment to values in adolescence might be associated with better subjective well-being and subjective health status in adulthood. The findings could be useful for programs that invest in adolescence, which can bring many benefits to adulthood.
Associations of living environment and lifestyle factors with sub-health status: A population-based cross-sectional study in urban China
Authors: xue Yunlian , liu guihao , Feng Yefang , Xu Mengyao , Jiang Lijie , Lin Yuanqi , Wu Chengkai , Xu Jun , Li Wenyuan
Published: April 2020

Background

Sub-health status (SHS) is an increasingly concerned issue with a high prevalence worldwide. Although some factors of lifestyle and environment has been study, few studies have determined comprehensively the associations of lifestyle and living environmental factors with general, physical, mental and social SHS.
Methods

A cross-sectional face-to-face survey (Sep 2017 to Sep 2018) was conducted via questionnaire among 6,750 urban residents aged 14 years and above randomly selected from five Chinese cities. There were 5,881 valid questionnaires with a response rate of 87%. General linear model and structure equation model were developed to quantifying the effects of lifestyle behaviors and living environmental factors on SHS.
Results

Detection rates of general SHS, physical SHS, mental SHS and social SHS were 66.7%, 67.0%, 65.5% and 70.0%, respectively. Significant association of general SHS, physical SHS, mental SHS and social SHS had been found in smoking, bad dietary habits, breakfast consumption, physical exercise, sleep duration, air, neighbor harmony and living convenience, instead of noiseless. However, associations of general SHS, physical SHS, mental SHS and social SHS were different for second-hand smoking influence, alcohol consumption, sunshine, Bedtime before 11 pm, surfing the internet, greenery, air, pleasant housing, spacious rooms and fitness facility. Good lifestyle behaviors and favorable living environment factors positively affected SHS (P < 0.001). Lifestyle behaviors had the largest effect on physical SHS (β=-0.418), but the least on social SHS (β=-0.274). Living environmental factors had the largest effect on mental SHS (β = 0.286), but the least on physical SHS (β = 0.225).
Conclusions

Lifestyle behaviors and living environmental factors were important influencing factors of SHS. Physical SHS was more associated with lifestyle. Lifestyle and living environment were similarly associated with mental and social SHS.
Exploring perspectives on COVID-19 risk, protective behavior and control measures
Authors: Amen Karwan M , Mahmood Kazhan I. , Shabu Sherzad A. , Shabila Nazar
Published: April 2020

Background

Understanding the public perception and behavior towards the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can help in mitigating the transmission of the infection. This study aimed to assess the perspectives of the people towards COVID-19, especially concerning the risk of the disease, adherence to protective measures, and the effectiveness of the imposed prevention and control measures.
Methods

An explorative study based on Q-methodology was conducted in Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan Region. The study involved a purposively selected sample of 40 persons representing different educational, social, and economic levels. Forty-one statements were extracted that have covered various aspects of the impact of COVID-19 on the life of people, and different perceptions and uncertainties around it. We asked the participants to rank-order the 41 statements into a distribution on a nine point scale, ranging from “least agree” to “most agree." Data analysis involved a by-person factor analysis using PQMethod 2.35, which aimed to identify the main viewpoints.
Results

The analysis revealed three distinct viewpoints and one consensus perspective for the people’s perspectives about COVID-19. Viewpoint 1, confidence and obedience to protective measures, centers on compliance with the main protective measures, the seriousness of COVID-19, and the effectiveness of the government's preventive measures. Viewpoint 2, apprehensiveness and noncompliance, focuses on extremely worry about the disease and concerns about the government measures against COVID-19. Viewpoint 3, people’s inattentiveness, emphasizes the lack of awareness and adherence to protective measures by the people and ineffectiveness of the government’s preventive measures.
Conclusion

The primary aspects distinguishing the three viewpoints focus on risk perception, protective behavioral response, and government’s preventive measures. Risk perception can guide appropriate protective behavior, but not always. For strengthening the preventive measures, and compliance with protective behaviors, different approaches that can address the needs of different groups of people are required. The focus should be on increasing the risk awareness, reducing anxiety, and explaining the justification and effectiveness of the government's preventive measures.
Nogo-A-Δ20/EphA4 interaction antagonizes apoptosis of neural stem cells by integrating p38 and JNK MAPK signaling
Authors: wang junling , chen weiguang , xu chaojin
Published: April 2020

Background: Nogo-A protein consists of two main extracellular domains: Nogo-66 (rat amino acid [aa] 1019–1083) and Nogo-A-Δ20 (extracellular, active 180 amino acid Nogo-A region), which serves as strong inhibitors of axon regeneration in the adult CNS. Although receptors S1PR2 and HSPGs have been identified as Nogo-A-Δ20 binding proteins, it remains at present elusive whether other receptors directly interacting with Nogo-A-Δ20 exist, and affect cell death. Methods: In pursuit of NSCs, we isolated stem cells from fetal brain (embryonic day 17; E17) Sprague–Dawley rats. In order to whether Nogo-A-Δ20 binds to EphA4, immunofluorescence, tunel assays, co-immunoprecipitation, pull down, and molecular docking technologies were used. Results: Here, we discover that EphA4 could be acted as a high affinity ligand for Nogo-A-Δ20. Trans-membrane protein of EphA4 is needed for Nogo-A-Δ20–triggered inhibition of NSCs apoptosis, which are mediated by balancing p38 inactivation and JNK MAPK pathway activation. Finally, we predict at the atomic level that essential residues Lys-205, Ile-190, Pro-194 in Nogo-A-△20 and EphA4 residues Gln-390, Asn-425, Pro-426 might play critical roles in Nogo-A-△20/EphA4 binding via molecular docking. Conclusion: The results of the present study show that EphA4 is a novel high-affinity receptor for Nogo-A-Δ20 and Nogo-A-Δ20/ EphA4 interaction mediates NSCs survival by integrating p38 and JNK MAPK signaling.
Compare the severity of psychological distress among four groups of Iranian society in COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Vahedian-Azimi Amir , Moayed Malihe Sadat , Rahimibashar Farshid , Shojaei Sajad , Ashtari Sara , Pourhoseingholi Mohamad Amin
Published: April 2020

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused serious psychological problems, such as panic attack, anxiety, stress and depression. The main objective of this study was to measure the prevalence and compare the severity of this psychological distress among four groups of Iranian population.Method: In cross-sectional survey, the mental health status of four groups of Iranian society such as community population, patients with COVID-19, medical staff and medical students were investigated by self-report questionnaire Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). DASS-21 questionnaire and the demographic data sheet were filled in by all participants. All statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 21.0. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: Of the 886 participants in this survey, 554 (62.5%) were male and 332 (37.5%) were female, and the mean ± standard division (SD) age of subjects was 40.91±10.7 years. Among these participants, 241 (27.2%) were selected from community population, 221 (24.9%) were patients with COVID-19, 217 (24.5%) were medical staff and 207 (23.4%) were medical students. The mean score of stress, anxiety and depression in medical students and patients with COVID-19 was significantly higher than medical staff and community population (P<0.05). In overall, the score of anxiety level in male was higher than that in female (27.4±4.6 vs. 26.48±4.8, P=0.006), and the score of depression in unmarried participants was significantly higher than that in married group (27.5±4.8 vs. 26.7±4.6, P=0.023). In addition, the score of depression in female medical staff (27.08±4.6 vs. 25.33±4.3, P=0.011) and community population (26.6±4.3 vs. 25.3±4.3, P=0.02) was higher than that in male.Conclusion: In COVID-19 pandemic, the severity of anxiety, stress and depression was high among Iranian population. Patients with COVID-19 and medical students who spent time with patients with COVID-19, with low experience than professional medical staff and community population were at high risk for mental illness. Continuous surveillance and monitoring of psychological distress for outbreaks should become routine as part of preparedness efforts worldwide.
Preventive effects of intrauterine injection of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned media on uterine fibrosis immediately after endometrial curettage in rabbit
Authors: Bazoobandi Sanaz , Tanideh Nader , Rahmanifar Farhad , Zare Shahrokh , Koohi-Hosseinabadi Omid , Jahromi Iman Razeghian , Dianatpour Mehdi , Khodabandeh Zahra , Ahmadi Masoumeh , Khoradmehr Arezoo , Nabipour Iraj , Tamadon Amin
Published: April 2020

Background

Uterine fibrosis is a uterine acquired disorder with symptoms of implantation disturbances, menstrual irregularities and abortion. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have antifibrotic properties by secretion of chemokines. MSCs-conditioned media (MSC-CM) contains paracrine components, exosomes, with a great potential for repairing damaged tissue or prevention of fibrosis. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the preventive effects of bone marrow-derived MSC-CM (BM-MSC-CM) on uterine fibrosis after uterine curettage in rabbits.
Methods

This study included 12 female rabbits (24 uterine horns) that double uteri of each 12 female rabbits were randomly divided into four groups of intact negative control, curettage positive control, BM-MSCs injection, and BM-MSC-CM injection in the way that two corresponding uteri from a rabbit were assigned in different groups. The MSC-CM was collected from cultivated BM-MSCs 48 h after three times washing and replacement of serum free media. Through a surgical approach, except intact negative uteri, the caudal part of the uteri was submitted traumatic endometrial curettage. After suturing of uterine wall, BM-MSC or BM-MSC-CM were injected in the curettage site. Endometrial regeneration was histologically evaluated 30 days after treatment.
Results

Curettage with or without preventive injections increased the growth of endometrial layer based on the histomorphometric indices evaluation. However, the amount of fibrotic tissue in the BM-MSC-CM injection group was lower than the BM-MSC and the curettage group, single injection of CM of MSCs after 30 days prevented the fibrotic effects of curettage on endometrial layer of rabbits.
Conclusions

Injecting BM-MSC-CM immediately after curettage prevented and reduced the uterine fibrosis better than BM-MSC in a rabbit model.
Predictors of cartilage degeneration in patients with subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head: a retrospective study
Authors: Shimizu Tomohiro , Yokota Sunichi , Kimura Yosuke , Asano Tsuyoshi , Shimizu Hirokazu , Ishizu Hotaka , Iwasaki Norimasa , Takahashi Daisuke
Published: April 2020

Background
There is evidence that the cause of primary osteoarthritis (OA) is related to the changes in subchondral bone; however, it is not fully understood if subchondral insufficiency fracture (SIF) of the femoral head would affect degeneration of the hip joint and what the prognostic factors related to joint degeneration are. The objectives of this study were 1) to investigate the longitudinal joint space narrowing and 2) to investigate the associations between joint space narrowing and bone metabolic markers as well as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) among the patients with SIF.
Methods
Between January 2010 and December 2019, 238 patients in whom band pattern of the femoral head were observed on MRI visited our hospital. Among these patients, 44 hips in 41 patients were diagnosed with SIF and eligible for this retrospective study. We evaluated the joint space width (JSW) of the hip on the radiograph obtained at the first and last visits, length of the band lesion on MRI, bone mineral density by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and bone metabolism markers. We investigated the factors associated with the necessity of surgery and the progression of the narrowing of the joint space.
Results
Fifteen of the 44 hips required total hip arthroplasty (THA). The JSW showed a significant decrease from the first visit to the final follow-up. Changes in the JSW were associated with the length of band patterns, serum type 1 procollagen-N-propeptide (P1NP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b) at the date of diagnosis. Additionally, bone metabolic markers tended to be associated with the length of the band pattern.
Conclusions
SIF could cause joint space narrowing and hip OA. In addition to MRI findings as prognostic predictors of SIF, as previously described, bone metabolic markers were also associated with changes in JSW, suggesting that these parameters could be useful to predict the prognosis of SIF. Considering that bone metabolic markers trended to be associated with the length of band pattern, they might reflect the local severity.
Opioid substitution treatment uptake among people who inject drugs: The findings of two consecutive bio-behavioral surveillance surveys in Iran
Authors: Nakhaeizadeh Mehran , Abdolahiniya Zahra , Sharifi Hamid , Mirzazadeh Ali , Karamouzian Mohammad , Shokoohi Mostafa , Baral Stefan , Haghdoost AliAkbar , Shahesmaeili Armita
Published: April 2020

Background
Opioid substitution treatment (OST) uptake has been associated with multiple positive health outcomes among people who inject drugs (PWID). This study evaluated the pattern of OST uptake among PWID in two consecutive national bio-behavioral surveillance surveys (2010 and 2014) in Iran.
Methods
Data were obtained from two national bio-behavioral surveillance surveys (N2010 = 1,783 and N2014 = 2,166) implemented using convenience sampling at the harm reduction facilities and street venues in 10 geographically diverse urban centers across Iran. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the correlates of OST uptake for 2014 survey and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported.
Results
The prevalence of OST uptake decreased from 49.2% in 2010 to 45.8% in 2014 (P-value = 0.033). OST uptake varied across the studied cities ranging from 0.0%-69.3% in the 2010 survey and 3.2%-75.5% in the 2014 survey. Ever being married (AOR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.75), having a history of incarceration (AOR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.09), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) sero-positivity (AOR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.5) were associated with OST uptake. Conversely, PWID who reported using only non-opioid drugs (AOR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.71) and those who reported concurrent use of opioid and non-opioid drugs (AOR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0. 0.51, 0.86) were less likely to uptake OST.
Conclusions
Although OST uptake among PWID in Iran is above the 40% threshold defined by the World Health Organization, there remains significant disparities across urban centers in Iran. Importantly, the OST services appear to be serving high risk PWID including those living with HIV and those with a history of incarceration. Evaluating service integration including mental health, HIV and hepatitis C virus care, and other harm reduction services may support the optimization of health outcomes of opioid substitution treatment across Iran.
Changes of Cardiopulmonary and Metabolic Functions during Jogging with and without Breast Supports: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chaunchaiyakul Rungchai , Masodsai Kunanya
Published: April 2020

Background:To shed light on the physiologic reasons behind exercise intolerance in active females, we investigated the physiological changes of cardiopulmonary and metabolic functions during jogging with and without breast supports.Methods/Design:Thirteen healthy females participated in three randomized jogging trials of no bra (NB, served as control), and two breast supports of casual bra (CB), and jogging bra (JB). Immediate effects of bras on static and dynamic lung functions were identified by using the standard pulmonary function test. Metabolic changes and cardiovascular functions were continuously determined at rest, during jogging and recovery.Results:Results showed the only immediate effect of donning jogging bra on temporary reductions in resting respiratory flow rates (forced expiratory volume in 1 second and maximum voluntary ventilation) (P<0.05) compared with pre-bras values, while static lung function remained unchanged. Theabove immediate effects of breast support on respiratory flow reductions regained during exercise. All cardiorespiratory and metabolic variables were similar among conditions (P>0.05) of either at rest, during or after jogging. Only casual bra showed significant late recovery in tidal volume, oxygen consumption and energy expenditure compared with resting values.Conclusions: Any types of breast support exhibit no limitation on cardiorespiratory and metabolic functions during jogging. Jogging with breast support is recommended during exercise for health promotion and wellbeing in adolescent girls and women.Trial registration: The current study was retrospectively registered. Clinicaltrials.in.th TCTR20200311002. Registered 11 March 2020.
Lay knowledge of cervical cancer in Manhiça district, Mozambique: a qualitative study
Authors: Menendez Yara Alonso , Cambaco Olga , Mindú Carolina , Nhantumbo Hoticha , Uamusse Titos , Matsinhe Graça , Matsinhe Benigna , Manjate Rosa Marlene , Macete Eusebio , Bardají Azucena , Menendez Clara , Sevene Esperança , Munguambe Khatia
Published: April 2020

Background Mozambique has one of the highest cervical cancer incidence rates in the world. Health interventions are still being conceived from a non-communicable disease standpoint despite it being a sexual and reproductive health concern. The objective of this study was to assess the extent to which lay perceptions of cervical cancer align with biomedical knowledge from the standpoint of sexual and reproductive health.Methods 10 FGD were carried out with 10 target groups in Manhiça. The target groups were diverse and ranged from of adolescent girls to informal drug vendors. There were a total of 116 participants. The FGD were used to obtain verbal information and trigger debates around beliefs and attitudes about cervical cancer as well as to explore notions of transmission and aetiology of the disease. The discussions were recorded for later transcription and analysis, following a combination of content and thematic analysis.Results Participants were familiar with the biomedical term ‘cervical cancer’ but knowledge of its aetiology and transmission was limited. Cervical cancer was readily associated to sexual transmission and sexually transmitted infections, and conceived as a ‘wound that doesn’t heal’. The term ‘cancer’ caused confusion, as it was perceived to happen only in limbs, understood as hereditary, not transmissible and as an illness of the West.Conclusions Lay perceptions of cervical cancer do to a large extent align with biomedical ones, thus, there is common ground to frame future health interventions from a sexual and reproductive health standpoint.
Reproductive capacity and recurrence of disease after surgery for moderate and severe endometriosis.
Authors: Schippert Cordula , Witte Yvonne , Bartels Janina , Garcia-Rocha Guillermo-José , Jentschke Matthias , Hillemanns Peter , Kundu Sudip
Published: April 2020

Background Endometriosis can be associated with considerable pain and sterility. After surgical excision of moderate or severe endometriosis the recurrence rates amount to 50%. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the recurrence and pregnancy rates following surgical resection of endometriosis stage III/IV. Methods 456 patients who underwent stage III/IV endometriosis surgery between 2004 and 2014 were sent a questionnaire relating to postoperative medical treatment, pregnancies, relief of symptoms and recurrence. Data and responses of 206 patients (45.2%) were analyzed. The statistical analysis was performed with the statistical software ´R`. Statistical significance was given if the p-value was less than 0.05. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of Hannover Medical School. Results 66.5% (N=137) of patients were established with stage III, 33.5% (N=69) with stage IV. Average age was 37 years (17-59). 63.1% (N=130) of surgeries were performed by laparoscopy with an average duration of 81 minutes, 21.8% (N=45; 189 minutes) by laparotomy and 15% (N=31; 202 minutes) by conversion. Complete resection of endometriosis was achieved in 90.8% (N=187). After surgery, 48.5% (N=100) of the women did not receive hormonal treatment, main reason was the desire for children in 53%. Complete or partial relief in complaints was achieved in 93.2% (N=192). Rate of recurrence was 21.8% (N=45). The association between incomplete resection and recurrence was on the threshold of significance (p=0.1). After surgery, 65.8% (79/120) of patients who wished to have children got pregnant. There is a statistically significant association between postoperative pregnancy rate and age <35 (p<0.002) and laparoscopic surgical access (p<0.01). Conclusion We assess the high percentage of complete or partial reduction of symptoms of 93.2%, the high postoperative pregnancy rate of 65.8% and the low rate of recurrence of 21.8% compared to international literature to be very encouraging for women suffering from moderate and severe endometriosis. Though laparoscopy is considered as ´gold standard` of endometriosis surgery, laparotomy still may be indicated in cases of extended endometriosis especially to preserve reproductive function.
Time to first birth and its Predictors among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: inverse Weibull gamma shared frailty model
Authors: Yimer Reta Dewau , Mekonnen Fantahun Ayenew , Seretew Wullo Sisay
Published: April 2020

Background: High maternal and child death with high fertility rate have been reported in Ethiopia. Extreme age at first birth is linked with both maternal and child morbidity and mortality. However, literatures showed there are limited studies on timing of first birth and its predictors in the area so far. Therefore, determining time to first birth and its predictors will help to design strategies to improve maternal and child survival. Methods: A survey-based study was conducted among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia using Ethiopian demographic health survey (EDHS), 2016 data. Stratified two-stage cluster sampling technique was used for sampling. The Kaplan-Meier (KM) method was used to estimate time to first birth. Inverse Weibull gamma shared frailty model applied to model the data at 95% confidence interval (CI), adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) and median hazard ratio (MHR) were reported as effect size. Proportional hazard assumption checked using Schoenfeld residual test. Information Criteria was applied to select parsimonious model. Stratified analysis performed for interaction terms and statistical significance declared at p value<0.05. Results: The overall median age at first birth found to be 20 years (IQR, 16-24years). The independent predictors of time to first birth were: marriage 15-17 years (AHR=2.33,95% CI:2.08-2.63),secondary education level (AHR=0.84,95% CI:0.78-0.96), higher education level (AHR=0.75, 95% CI:0.65-0.85), intercourse before 15 years in the married stratum (AHR=23.81, 95% CI:22.22-25.64), intercourse 15-17 years in married stratum (AHR=5.56, 95% CI:5.26-5.88),spousal age difference (AHR=1.11, 95% CI :1.05-1.16),and use of contraceptives (AHR=0.91, 95% CI [0.86-0.97]). The median increase in the hazard of early childbirth at a cluster with higher early childbirth is 16% (MHR=1.16, 95% CI [1.13-1.20]) than low risk clusters.Conclusion: In this study, first birth found to be at an early age. Early age at first marriage, at first sexual intercourse and their interaction terms, high spousal age difference, being Muslim were found to increase early motherhood. Conversely, living in most urban region, secondary and higher women education were identified to delay first birth. Investing on women education and protecting them from early marriage are required to optimize time to first birth. The contextual differences in time to first birth are a novel finding which requires more study and interventions.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Cervical Cancer Screening and Associated Factors Among Reproductive Aged Women in Ethiopia: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Alamneh Yoseph Merkeb , Alamneh Alehegn Aderaw , Shiferaw Abtie Abebaw
Published: April 2020

Background: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting for 9% of female cancer deaths. In addition, more than 85% of cervical cancer related deaths are found in low and middle-income countries. Women’s knowledge and attitude are barriers for the uptake of cervical cancer screening service in Ethiopia. Studies conducted on knowledge, attitude, and practice of cervical cancer screening and associated factors among reproductive age women are inconsistent. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the national level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of cervical cancer screening and associated factors among women aged 15-49 years in Ethiopia.Methods: An international database such as PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct Cochrane library, and Grey literature databases were searched an extensively. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2009 guideline were pursued for this review. The quality of each study was assessed using Newcastle- Ottawa quality assessment tool. Stata version 14 was used to analyze the data. We have used a random effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence and odds ratio with 95% CI. The possible heterogeneity between studies was assessed using I-squared (I2) test statistic. Egger’s test was used to assess the publication bias. Result: Eighteen studies with a total of 9, 897 women were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled national level of knowledge, attitude and practice towards cervical cancer screening among 15-49 years old aged women in Ethiopia was 40.37% (95% CI: 30.09,50.66), 58.87% (95% CI: 42.69,75.05) and 14.02% (95% CI: 9.67,18.37) respectively. Being uneducated (OR: 3.10, 95% CI: 2.09,4.62), Women who had good knowledge (OR: 5.87, 95% CI: 2.57,13.40), Women who had positive attitude (OR: 4.20, 95% CI: 2.86,6.16) and not being married (OR: 3.34, 95% CI: 1.09,10.22) were the major factors of cervical cancer screening practice. Conclusions and Recommendation: This review showed that the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of cervical cancer screening among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia was relatively lower. Educational status, knowledge, attitude and marital status were statistically significant factors for cervical cancer screening practice. Hence, the health care provider needs to scale up health education and awareness creation about cervical cancer screening and early detection and prevention of cervical cancer.
Guidance is an intervention: experiences and reflections of message mediators and message recipients for ‘alcohol in pregnancy’ guidance.
Authors: Trickey Heather , Brown Rachel
Published: April 2020

Background Heavy alcohol use in pregnancy is associated with poorer outcomes for babies, while evidence of harm from drinking at low levels is limited. UK guidance has been progressively strengthened, so that current guidance, underpinned by a precautionary principle, is to abstain from drinking alcohol if pregnant or planning a pregnancy. The aim of this study was to explore recipients’ and mediators’ awareness, experiences and reflections on the 2016 alcohol in pregnancy guidance. Methods Four focus groups explored the perspectives of policy makers, midwives, third sector advocates and new mothers. Transcripts were analysed thematically. Results Participants inferred a variety of lay programme theories to make sense of the precautionary principle, some of which may run counter to the intention of guidance developers. Participants also varied in their understanding of the role of message mediators, understandings included eliciting disclosures, communicating complexity, providing reassurance and contributing to social surveillance. Coherence of the guidance was challenged by paucity of underpinning evidence base, incongruence with the realities of pregnancy planning and a wider cultural norm of social drinking. Conclusions Improvements in efficacy may be achieved through recognition of guidance as a form of intervention in a complex system, underpinned by a logic model and with intended outcomes fully specified. Practical steps could be taken to nuance and layer communication of the underpinning evidence base. Communication strategies should carefully consider implications of ‘scope creep’ into pregnancy planning. Guidance could do more to address the role of partners and family members in supporting women’s decisions.
CNFE-SE: A novel hybrid approach combining complex network-based feature engineering and stacked ensemble to predict the success of Intrauterine Insemination and ranking the features
Authors: Ranjbari Sima , Khatibi Toktam , Dizaj Ahmad Vosough Taghi , Sajadi Hesamoddin , Totonchi Mehdi , Ghaffari Firouzeh
Published: April 2020

Background: Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) outcome prediction is a challenging issue with which the assisted reproductive technology (ART) practitioners are dealing. Predicting the success or failure of IUI based on the couples' features can assist the physicians to make the appropriate decision for suggesting IUI to the couples or not and/or continuing the treatment or not for them. The large number of studies that have been focused on predicting the IVF and ICSI outcome by machine learning algorithms. But, to the best of our knowledge, a few studies have been focused on predicting the outcome of IUI. The main aim of this study is to develop an automatic classification and feature scoring method to predict intrauterine insemination (IUI) outcome and ranking of the most significant features, based on patients' cycle’s characteristics under IUI treatment.Methods: For this purpose, a novel hybrid approach combining complex network-based feature engineering and stacked ensemble (CNFE-SE) is proposed. Three complex networks are extracted considering the patients' data similarities. The feature engineering step is performed on the complex networks. The original feature set and/or the features engineered are fed to the proposed stacked ensemble to classify and predict IUI outcome for couples per IUI treatment cycle. Our study is a retrospective study of a 5-year couples' data undergoing IUI. Data is collected from Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for 8,360 couples who underwent 11,255 IUI cycles were included. Results: Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the compared methods with AUC of 0.84 ± 0.01, sensitivity of 0.79 ± 0.01, specificity of 0.91 ± 0.01, and accuracy of 0.85 ± 0.01 for the prediction of IUI outcome. Conclusions: The most important predictors for predicting IUI outcome are semen parameters (sperm motility and concentration) as well as female BMI.
TYPOLOGY OF PATHOPERSONOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER
Authors: Khomitskyi M. Ye.
Published: April 2020

The issue of diagnostics, treatment and social rehabilitation of patients with endogenous psychoses with episodic course remains one of the most urgent problems of psychiatry, which, despite the considerable advances of science and practice, has not found a definitive solution. Significant difficulties of nosological separation in the group of endogenous psychoses with episodic course and evaluation of the pathopersonological aspect of the clinic are related to schizoaffective disorder.

The aim of the study was to establish a typology of pathopersonological transformations in patients with schizoaffective disorder based on the analysis of clinical-psychopathological, medical-psychological, clinical-ethological characteristics of remission. On the basis of “Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital” (Zaporizhzhіa) 102 persons with the established diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder were examined. The main methods of the study were clinical psycho-pathological, psychodiagnostic, patho-psychological, clinical-anamnestic, clinical-medical, social-medical and statistical analysis.

As a result of the conducted research, on the basis of the analysis of clinical-psychopathological, medical-psychological, clinical-ethological characteristics of remission, the typology of pathopersonological transformations was established.

The presence and prevalence of 4 main types of pathopersonological transformations in schizoaffective disorder (“affective-labile” (20.1 % of the contingent), “paranoid-dysthymic” (17.3 %), “hysteroid-agonistic” (25.9 %), “Neurocognitive-deficient” (16.9 %) and “mixed” (19.8 % of the contingent)), which differ in clinical-anamnestic, clinical-psychopathological, medical-psychological, neuropsychological and clinical-ethological characteristics and cause social (labor and family) maladjustment of varying degrees.

The clinical-anamnestic, clinical-psychopathological, medical-psychological, neuropsychological and clinical-ethological features identified in the study can be used to determine the type of pathopersonological transformations and its severity in patients with schizoaffective disorder and, accordingly, quantitative characteristics of individually needed psychopharmacological, psychotherapeutic and social rehabilitation activities and evaluation of their effectiveness in dynamics.
Investment Management of Business Digital Innovations
Authors: Sotnyk Iryna , Zavrazhnyi Kostiantyn , Kasianenko Volodymyr , Roubík Hynek , Sidorov Oleksandr
Published: April 2020

This paper considers the issue of investment management of digital innovations in modern business. The main purpose of the research is the development of approaches to the investment management of the innovative digitalisation processes of the enterprises and justification of the economic efficiency of investment projects on innovative information technologies use in the context of their relationship with existing information solutions for enterprise management. The relevance of the research is the necessity to change the methods of doing and managing the modern business, taking into account the achievements of the Third and Fourth Industrial Revolutions, which form innovative business philosophy based on informatisation and digitalisation of manufacturing and delivery processes. The implementation of innovative digital technology in business processes requires significant costs and it raises the issue on their minimization. Systematization of literary sources and approaches for the investment management of industrial digitalisation indicates the absence of complex solutions for this problem. In this regard, based on a comparative analysis, the authors have revealed the features of business development in the conditions of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and justified the need for modern information systems integration for enterprise management on the platform of business processes digitalisation. In order to create the road map of business digital innovations, it is suggested that the Theory of Constraints should be used to determine which of the operating information systems of the enterprise (Business intelligence – BI; Enterprise Resource Planning – ERP; Manufacturing Execution System – MES; Industrial Internet of Things – IIoT) is to begin the digital transformation with. The stages of the project development for the digital transformation of an enterprise are designed based on the structural approach. The economic justification for the selection of alternative digitalisation projects is based on an assessment of the labour costs for implementing two variants of digital innovation of a business entity: a complex automation project with up-front modelling and an integration automation project with the gradual implementation of a new information system. The assessment results have shown the economic benefits of implementing the integration project as it provides 1.58 times fewer labour costs and can be realized by use of universal package solutions such as Business Automaton Software (BAS). The analysis of the results of the implemented business digitalisation projects in Ukraine and the world as well as the potential of planned ones has allowed generalising the effects of their implementation and confirmed the need for further development of the mechanisms for the investment management of business digital innovations.

Keywords
automation, business, digitalisation, efficiency, greening, ERP, information technology, innovation, investment management, project.
Raising the Effectiveness of Tourism Marketing and Branding: Evidence from Armenia
Authors: Tovmasyan1 Gayane
Published: April 2020

This research paper is a summary of the arguments and counterarguments about the scientific discussion on the issue of tourism marketing. The research aims at analysing tourism marketing in Armenia, find out the main gaps and suggest ways for raising its effectiveness. The analysis of the available literature sources and approaches for solving the problem indicates that the essence of tourism marketing is to understand and meet the needs of tourists. The importance of this scientific problem is that using marketing strategies is the primary mean to develop tourism. Also, destination branding is discussed, which may reflect the identity of a destination. Nowadays, the rise of the Internet gives various opportunities to present a country as an attractive tourism destination by using different marketing strategies and involve international tourists. Investigation of the topic of marketing and branding in the paper is carried out in the following rational arrangement. The essence and significance of tourism marketing and branding available in the literature are discussed, the main activities of tourism marketing in Armenia are analysed, and as a result, some suggestions are made for improving tourism marketing performance in Armenia. Besides, tourism brand of Armenia is processed, which reflects the history and culture of the country. Mainly qualitative methods were used in the research. The results of the empirical analysis are presented in the paper, which showed that having a good country brand strategy is a critical factor for achieving a high level of awareness among international tourists. The research analytically affirms that effective marketing and branding is the basis of tourism development. Armenian tourism stage in the tourism life cycle model is evaluated between involvement and development, so here marketing activities are necessary as well. The research results may be useful for state organs of the sphere for their marketing and branding strategic policies.

Keywords
tourism, marketing, branding, social media, destination, tourism area life cycle, strategy.
Innovation and Management by Regional Rural Banks in Achieving the Dream of Financial Inclusion in India: Challenges and Prospects.
Authors: ur Rehman Anis
Published: April 2020

The Regional Rural Banks are government-owned, regionally based and rurally oriented financial institutions specialized in catering to the credit needs of the neglected and weaker sections of the society. In the recent past, RRBs have become a potent mediator for financial inclusion in rural areas. This paper summarizes the innovative methods used by the employees of these banks in deposit mobilizations, credit expansion and recovery of the loan. The primary purpose of the research is to find the problems faced by officials of these banks in marketing their services to the rural customer. The opinions of these bank officials regarding the above factors and the functioning of these banks and their impact on society have also been studied. For this purpose, a sample of 96 bank officials of Aryavart bank and Purvanchal Bank have been taken from the rural areas of Uttar Pradesh. Methodological tools of the research methods were Frequency and Chi-square test of independence which have been used to test the hypotheses developed in the study. The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that the employees and staff of these two regional rural banks in the state are making their earnest effort to channelize the savings of rural people by mobilization of deposits by motivating them to deposit their surplus money in the regional rural banks. The bank officials are making efforts to extend credit facilities in rural areas to uplift the people economically. The bank officials are facing problems in deposit mobilization, and credit expansion in the rural areas of the state and they are managing these problems very efficiently. Some political interference was found in the functioning of these banks. In the opinion of these bank officials, the overall working of these regional rural banks is proper. The results of the research can be useful for policymakers in the government to understand the hurdles faced by regional rural banks in reaching to the poor and needy sections of the society. The insights from this paper can help the policymakers to craft innovative schemes which enable these banks to reach the most inaccessible customers in rural areas.

Keywords
Regional Rural Banks, deposit mobilizations, credit expansion, financial inclusion, loan recovery.
Substrate Type and Temperature on Germination Parameters of Butterfly Pea
Authors: Campbell Sean M. , Pearson Brian J. , Marble S. Christopher
Published: April 2020

Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) is a unique perennial and leguminous plant that produces brightly colored flowers that can be used as a pH-dependent natural food colorant in culinary and cosmetic preparations. Butterfly pea is commonly propagated from seed. Because of the increased interest in its commercial applications, effective production techniques are necessary to ensure consistent and successful commercial production. The objective of this research was to determine the influence of the substrate type and temperature on butterfly pea germination. Two substrate types (rockwool and commercial soilless substrate mix) and three temperatures (70, 80, and 90 °F) were evaluated to determine their effects on germination of butterfly pea seed. Collected and calculated germination data included germination capacity (G), mean germination time (MT), coefficient of variation of the germination time (cvt), mean germination rate (MR), uncertainty of the germination process (U), and synchrony of the germination process (Z). Differences were observed among substrate temperatures for the MT, cvt, and MR values, with germination greater at both 70 and 80 °F than at 90 °F. Similarly, significant differences among substrate types were observed for the G, MT, cvt, and MR values, with germination of seeds in rockwool outperforming seeds in soilless substrate mix. Because of the high priority for successful and uniform germination in commercial plant production operations, the results suggest that commercial germination of butterfly pea would be best in rockwool at 70 °F. Results of this study can be used for the commercial production of butterfly pea, for which propagation from seed is the primary means of plant production.
Mitochondrial COI gene is valid to delimitate Tylenchidae (Nematoda: Tylenchomorpha) species
Authors: Bai Mengxin , Qing Xue , Qiao Kaikai , Ning Xulan , Xiao Shun , Cheng Xi , Liu Guokun
Published: April 2020

Tylenchidae is a widely distributed soil-inhabiting nematode family. Regardless their abundance, molecular phylogeny based on rRNA genes is problematic, and the delimitation of taxa in this group remains poorly documented and highly uncertain. Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene is an important barcoding gene that has been widely used species identifications and phylogenetic analyses. However, currently COI data are only available for one species in Tylenchidae. In present study, we newly obtained 27 COI sequences from 12 species and 26 sequences from rRNA genes. The results suggest that the COI gene is valid to delimitate Tylenchidae species but fails to resolve phylogenetic relationships.