bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kebutuhan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Pesisir Pantai pada Materi Hidrolisis Garam
Authors: Nur Faridatus So'imah  , Fitria Fatichatul Hidayah  , Eko Yuliyanto
Published: January 2025

Chemistry learning that is taught today tends to only present concepts and formulas, as well as little practice so that students are less able to use the concepts that have been taught if they encounter problems in everyday life. The misconceptions that occur in the salt hydrolysis material are also assessed because there is no implementation of chemicals in everyday life. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine which teaching materials based on coastal local wisdom are suitable for use in salt hydrolysis materials. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative research. The research subjects in this study were prospective chemistry teachers. Based on the research conducted, it is obtained that the analysis results that the need for teaching materials that are in accordance with the characteristics of the respondents in the form of modules that can be used for independent study, the implementation of chemistry learning in everyday life can be done with an approach based on local wisdom (ethnoscience) by utilizing the local potential of coastal areas. and the local potential of the area that can be used as a source of learning material for salt hydrolysis is local salt. With this research, it is hoped that it can be used as a reference for further research by finding other more effective coastal local wisdom-based teaching materials.
Pengembangan Majalah Digital Berbasis Contextual Learning Sebagai Bahan Ajar Pada Materi Hakikat Ilmu Kimia Di MA Bustanul Muta’allimin Kota Blitar
Authors: Andika Moh Andika Luqmanur Rizal
Published: January 2025

This study aims to develop a digital magazine based on contextual learning on the nature of chemistry. The research was conducted based on the importance of developing teaching materials that have criteria for attracting students' interest in the learning process. This type of research is research and development (R&D) using a 4D development flow modified to 3D. Eligibility criteria are known based on the results of validation tests and student response tests. The validation test was carried out by 4 validators, namely 2 material expert validators and 2 media expert validators to determine the level of validity of digital magazines. Furthermore, after the digital magazine was declared valid, a response test was carried out with 20 students of class X MA Bustanul Muta'allimin Blitar City to find out the student's response to the digital magazine.   The results of the validation test of material experts and media experts received very valid criteria with consecutive average percentage values of 89.49% and 88.15%. The results of the response test of 20 students of class X MA Bustanul Muta'allimin Blitar City received very good criteria with an average percentage score of 84.47%.
The Development of an Educational Statistics Module Based on a Guided Discovery Learning Model Oriented to Students’ Statistical Literacy
Authors: Hafiz M , Dimyati Ahmad , Putri Finola Marta
Published: January 2025

The low statistical literacy of students encourages lecturers to develop lecture modules that can facilitate this ability. This study aims to determine how to create a feasible, practical, and effective educational statistics module and identify the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of the Guided Discovery Learning-based educational statistics module to facilitate students’ statistical literacy. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D) with Plomp design with the stages of Preliminary Investigation, Design, Realization, and Evaluation. The trial subjects in this study consisted of two types, namely expert trial subjects and product trial subjects. The expert trial subjects were three lecturers of the Mathematics Education Department in one of The State University in Jakarta, while the product test subjects were seven mathematics education students in semester 4. Expert trial were conducted to assess the validity or feasibility of the products developed. The product trial was a limited trial to evaluate the practicality and effectiveness of the developed product. The results showed that the developed module met the feasible, very practical, and effective criteria. This research produces a module that can be used in statistics lectures to facilitate students’ statistical literacy.

 

Rendahnya literasi statistika mahasiswa mendorong dosen untuk mengembangkan modul perkuliahan yang dapat memfasilitasi kemampuan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara membuat modul statistika pendidikan yang layak, praktis, dan efektif serta mengetahui kelayakan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan modul statistika pendidikan berbasis Guided Discovery Learning untuk memfasilitasi literasi statistik mahasiswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D) dengan desain Plomp dengan tahapan Preliminary Investigation, Design, Realization, Evaluation. Subjek uji coba pada penelitian ini terdiri dari dua jenis, yaitu subjek uji ahli dan subjek uji coba produk. Subjek uji ahli adalah tiga orang dosen Jurusan Pendidikan Matematika di salah satu Universitas Negeri di Jakarta, sedangkan subjek uji coba produk adalah tujuh orang mahasiswa pendidikan matematika semester 4. Uji coba ahli dilakukan untuk menilai kevalidan atau kelayakan produk yang dikembangkan. Uji coba produk merupakan uji coba terbatas untuk mengevaluasi kepraktisan dan keefektifan produk yang dikembangkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modul yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria layak, sangat praktis dan efektif. Penelitian ini menghasilkan modul yang dapat digunakan dalam perkuliahan statistika untuk memfasilitasi literasi statistik mahasiswa.
Development Hypothetical Learning Trajectory on Statistics Material in Grade VIII Using Realistic Mathematics Education at the Preliminary Stage with Pranata Mangsa Context
Authors: Nursyahidah Farida , Albab Irkham Ulil , Rubowo Maya Rini , Tuni’mah Lattifah , Febriansyah Muhammad Aldo , Hardiyanto Dwi , Atmaja Satriya Adika Arif
Published: January 2025

Statistics is a staple in the curriculum because it is considered necessary in everyday life. However, students often find statistics challenging. Students' difficulties in learning statistics are caused by several factors, including a lack of understanding of mathematical concepts and principles in solving problems. This study aimed to design and develop a Hypothetical Learning Trajectory (HLT) for grade VIII statistics using the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach, with Pranata Mangsa as the learning context. The method used in this research was validation-type design research. This research produced an HLT of statistics material using pranata mangsa context consisting of 3 activities to help students understand and master the material. The activities of the HLT are 1) collecting, presenting, and analyzing data, 2) measuring centralized data, and 3) measuring data distribution. The results showed an HLT for teaching statistics using RME that can effectively support students of all ability levels. This HLT allows students to rediscover statistics concepts through horizontal and vertical mathematical processes. Finally, the HLT facilitates students to create their models from informal to formal and increases the interaction between students and teachers.

 

Statistika menjadi materi pokok dalam kurikulum karena dianggap penting dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Namun, pada kenyataannya statistika merupakan salah satu pelajaran yang dianggap sulit bagi siswa. Kesulitan siswa dalam belajar statistika disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, diantaranya kurangnya pemahaman konsep dan prinsip-prinsip matematika dalam menyelesaikan soal. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendesain dan mengembangkan Hypothetical Learning Trajectory (HLT) menggunakan pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) pada materi statistika kelas VIII menggunakan konteks Pranata Mangsa yang menjadi starting point dalam pembelajaran. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah design research tipe validasi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan HLT materi statistika menggunakan konteks pranata mangsa yang terdiri dari 3 iceberg untuk membantu siswa dalam memahami dan menguasai materi. Adapun iceberg dari HLT tersebut adalah 1) mengumpulkan, menyajikan, dan menganalisi data; 2) ukuran pemusatan data; dan 3) ukuran penyebaran data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa HLT mampu membantu siswa menemukan kembali konsep statistika melalui proses matematika horizontal dan vertikal. HLT memfasilitasi siswa untuk membuat model mereka sendiri dari informal ke formal dan meningkatkan interaksi antara siswa dan guru.
CRAB TRACES ON MUDDY TIDAL FLATS OF THE MIRA RIVER ESTUARY, PORTUGAL
Authors: Shchepetkina Alina
Published: January 2025

Intertidal burrowing crabs produce distinctive biogenic sedimentary structures on tidal flats and salt marshes of the mesotidal Mira River estuary in southwestern Portugal. This study shows that the morphology and spatial distribution of crab burrows vary depending on the activity of the producer, its age, tidal cycles, tidal range, time of the day, and substrate consistency. The Atlantic shore crab Carcinus maenas was observed during the daylight hours roaming the tidal flats and marshes at neap low tide (1.29 m) as well as occupying burrows and cavities. A variety of traces and tracks are attributed to C. maenas, including cheliped scratch marks, tracks and trackways, burrows/cavities with associated root penetration structures (rhizoliths), and fecal pellets. Scratch marks are understudied in neo- and paleoichnology and are often interpreted as structures resulting from crab grazing and feeding activity (fodichnia/pascichnia), and occasionally from mating behavior. Digit traces and trackways predominantly concentrate around burrows and cavities on the upper tidal flat and resemble Coenobichnus currani, representing crab locomotion (repichnia). With morphology regarded as the most important criteria for ichnotaxonomy, wide burrow apertures and cavities found on the tidal flats are most similar to Psilonichnus upsilon, P. tubiformis, and Spongeliomorpha-type crustacean burrows, representing permanent- to semi-permanent crab domichnia. Finally, cylindrical, semi-consolidated pellets are interpreted as crab fecal pellets (coprolites) similar to Favreina. Carcinus maenas is a prolific bioturbator in intertidal and supratidal habitats; however, the preservation of its traces in the rock record is dependent on the preservation potential of the host sediments.
Efectos del consumo de probiótico Bifidobacterium lactis BB12 sobre los niveles de Streptococcus mutans: una revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados
Authors:   , Acuña Ponce De Leon Emily Gabriela , Zapata Cedron Brenda María
Published: January 2025

Introducción: Una de las principales bacterias relacionadas a la caries dental es Streptococcus mutans y actualmente, diversos estudios evalúan como disminuir el conteo de esta. En la actualidad se analiza el efecto y la eficacia del consumo de los probióticos como método para inhibir a esta bacteria. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto del probiótico Bifidobacterium lactis BB12 (BB12) en sus diferentes presentaciones sobre los niveles de Streptococcus mutans (SM) en niños y adultos. Materiales y Métodos: Una búsqueda electrónica fue realizada en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, EMBASE con el fin de encontrar ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que evaluaran el efecto del probiótico BB12 sobre los niveles de SM. Resultados: Los estudios demostraron una asociación entre el consumo del probiótico BB12 y la disminución del conteo de SM. Conclusiones: Los productos lácteos que contienen el probiótico BB12 resultaron efectivos en la reducción de los niveles de Streptococcus mutans a partir de cuatro semanas de consumo. Sin embargo, la evidencia disponible es limitada, por lo que se requieren más estudios con un mayor tamaño de muestra y periodos de seguimiento más largos.
Evaluación de la calidad del biol a partir de los residuos ganaderos vacunos y lodos residuales de la industria pesquera
Authors:   , Huaytalla Galindo Brenda Jossefin
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo evaluar la calidad del biol obtenido a partir de residuos ganaderos vacunos y lodos residuales de la industria pesquera, mediante los ensayos de germinación en semillas de maíz (Zea mays). Para ello, se diseñó un experimento con doce biodigestores conformando por un grupo control (50 % agua + 50 % estiércol) y tres tratamientos: T1 (25 % estiércol + 25 % lodo), T2 (37.5 % estiércol + 12.5 % lodo) y T3 (12.5 % estiércol + 37.5 % lodo). Tras quince semanas de fermentación, se realizaron los ensayos de germinación con los bioles resultantes, se aplicó concentraciones al 100 %, 10 % y 5 % en las semillas, evaluando el porcentaje de germinación (PG) y el crecimiento radicular (CR) durante un monitoreo de seis días. Los resultados mostraron que el pH del biol osciló entre 6.66 y 6.80, la conductividad eléctrica fluctuó entre 3.69 y 5.04 dS/m, y la salinidad se mantuvo entre 2.44 y 3.68 dS/m. En cuanto a los macronutrientes, el grupo control presentó los niveles más altos de nitrógeno (1983.33 mg/L), fósforo (726.22 mg/L) y potasio (637.50 mg/L), mientras que el tratamiento T3 mostró una disminución significativa en los niveles de fósforo (56.18 mg/L) y potasio (99.92 mg/L). En conclusión, el maíz alcanzó un porcentaje de germinación del 60.85 % y un crecimiento radicular de 5.71 cm cuando se utilizó el biol al 5 % de concentración. Este estudio aporta evidencia sobre la viabilidad del uso de biol como una alternativa más sostenible frente al uso excesivo de fertilizantes químicos.
Composición corporal, nivel de actividad física y fuerza de agarre en personal policial de la Inspectoría general Aramburú de la Policia Nacional del Perú, 2023
Authors:   , Angulo Velazco Renzo Salvatore , Prötzel Anders Jana
Published: January 2025

Introducción: La adiposis y el sobrepeso representan problemas complejos en el ámbito de la salud pública. El incremento de peso, la ausencia de ejercicio físico y una baja fuerza de agarre son factores esenciales que afectan la salud.
Objetivo: Evaluar la correlación entre la composición corporal, el nivel de actividad física y la fuerza de agarre
Material y Métodos: Un grupo de 118 policías fue elegido mediante muestreo no probabilístico y sometido a una investigación observacional, descriptiva, cuantitativa, transversal y correlacional Para evaluar la información se utilizaron tablas de frecuencia y la prueba de chi cuadrado
Resultados: El estudio de los datos reveló que el 20,3% de los oficiales de policía que practicaban actividad física de manera baja presentaba un elevado porcentaje de grasa en su cuerpo, en contraste con el 30,5% de los que practicaban actividad física de manera alta, exhibiendo una masa muscular normal. En cuanto a la fuerza de agarre, el 45,8% de los participantes que mostraban fuerza normal en la mano derecha también tenía un elevado porcentaje de grasa, mientras que el 46,6% que mostraba fuerza normal en la mano izquierda evidenció un patrón parecido. Se notó que el 46,6% de aquellos con fuerza normal en la mano derecha poseían una masa muscular normal, en cambio, en la mano izquierda, este porcentaje ascendió al 43,2%.
Discusión: No se detectó una correlación relevante entre la composición corporal, el grado de actividad física y la fuerza de agarre, de acuerdo con los hallazgos del test chi cuadrado (p > 0.05). Esto sugiere que otros elementos podrían estar afectando estas variables...
Inhibition of IGFBP4 in granulosa cells extends female fertility age via activation of YAP signaling
Authors: Zeng Yi , Hu Qianhui , Li Ziyuan , Guo Fanghao , Wang Jingqiang , Chen Xinyi , Zhang Meiling , Geng Ajun , Li Wen
Published: January 2025

Ovarian aging is a critical factor in determining reproductive capacity and overall health. Granulosa cells (GCs) play an essential role in folliculogenesis. However, the mechanisms through which GCs influence ovarian aging remain poorly understood. This study identifies insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 (IGFBP4) as a negative regulator of female fertility. Elevated expression of IGFBP4 is observed in the GCs of aged ovaries in cynomolgus monkey. Using IGFBP4-HA tagged mice, we observed increased levels of IGFBP4 in aged GCs and during follicular atresia in mice. Our findings indicate that IGFBP4 inhibits GCs proliferation by attenuating YAP signaling. In Amhr2-Cre; Igfbp4fl/fl mice, GC-specific deletion of Igfbp4 leads to enhanced folliculogenesis and increased litter sizes, notably extending the reproductive lifespan of these mice. Elevated levels of IGFBP4 were also detected in GCs from aging individuals and patients with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Furthermore, higher concentrations of IGFBP4 were found in the follicular fluid of POI patients, suggesting its potential as a clinical diagnostic marker. These findings underscore the possibility of extending female fertility through the inhibition of IGFBP4 in GCs, proposing a novel strategy for enhancing women's reproductive health.
Körper und Kacheln
Authors: Carnap Anna , Flasche Viktoria
Published: January 2025

Vor dem Hintergrund einer postdigitalen Kultur – der Gleichzeitigkeit und Verstrickung digitaler mit analogen Räumen – kann das Video-Meeting bzw. der digital hergestellte Begegnungsraum nach dem Ende der Pandemie nicht ad acta gelegt werden. Während die Frage nun meistens nicht mehr «digital oder analog?» lautet, sondern hybride Lernumgebungen in vielen Bildungsinstitutionen selbstverständlich und erwünscht sind, bleiben die pädagogischen Implikationen unberücksichtigt oder schwingen lediglich diffus mit. Dieser Beitrag lotet die pädagogischen Handlungs- und Spielräume dieser Entwicklung aus, um sie bildungstheoretisch diskutieren können. Zunächst wird eine rekonstruktive Vorgehensweise vorgestellt, die die technischen, materialen und digitalen Bedingungen des In-Erscheinung-Tretens der Meeting-Teilnehmer:innen in virtuellen Räumen systematisch im Forschungsprozess berücksichtigt. Folgende Fragen leiten die Untersuchung an: Wie ereignet sich Sichtbarkeit mit und auf Zoom? Welche postdigitalen Sichtbarkeits­praktiken zeigen sich in der Anwendung? Im Anschluss diskutiert der Beitrag in reflexiven Schleifen auf die empirische Schnittstelle Zoom die Komputabilität und strukturelle Invisibilisierung von Interaktionsprozessen. Abschliessend wird das Verhältnis zwischen Sichtbarkeit und Gemeinschaftlichkeit im postdigitalen Zustand im Hinblick auf pädagogische Implikationen entfaltet.
Discussion on the issue of primacy of the lower extremities varicosity and knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Shcheglov E. A.
Published: January 2025

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Enhancing machine translation: syntax and semantics-based word type and function extraction through multi-task transfer learning in Indonesian, Tolaki, and English
Authors: Yamin Muh , Sarno Riyanarto , Tambunan Tambunan
Published: January 2025

This research aimed at constructing an effective Machine Translation (MT) system for the Indonesian, Tolaki, and English languages by integrating in-depth morphological, syntactic, and semantic analyses. Utilizing both supervised and unsupervised methods such as TF-IDF, Word2vec, BERT, and semantic similarity, this research extracted Indonesian and Tolaki words, categorizing them based on function and type within sentences and documents. The research method involved developing a morph tool to capture morphological elements, followed by rule-based algorithm formulation for syntactic analysis to extract word functions and types influencing translation within sentences. Three MT methods, Rule-Based MT (RBMT), Statistical MT (SMT) and SMT-RBMT (hybrid), were tested for translation accuracy. With an average accuracy of approximately 70%, the evaluation of the hybrid MT method demonstrated its superiority over SMT and RBMT, yielding translation accuracies of 0.71 from English into Indonesian into Tolaki and 0.74 from Indonesian into Tolaki into English.
How art can save poor rural landscape - A case study of Chongqing Jangjun Village
Authors: Bai Jie , Mohammad Noraziah Binti , Johar Suhana Binti
Published: January 2025

Since the 21st century, with the rapid development of China's economy, rural development has become an important issue to be addressed by the Chinese government, and art, as a unique cultural resource, is considered to have the potential to promote rural revitalization and sustainable development. This study will reveal the specific patterns and effects of art-enabled rural landscape revitalization in Jiangjun Village, Chongqing through interviews and observations in a case study of the village. The study draws the following conclusions: Firstly, artistic empowerment has brought vitality to Jiangjun Village, creating a rural landscape with an artistic and cultural atmosphere that attracts more tourists and resources. Secondly, artistic empowerment stimulates the development of rural tourism and improves the quality of life of villagers, thus promoting rural revitalization and sustainable development. This study provides valuable development strategies for the revitalization and development of art-enabled rural landscapes, as well as new ideas and practices to learn from for China's rural revitalization and sustainable development in other regions and the world.
Virtual laboratories as a means of increasing accessibility of biological education in Ukraine
Authors: Sipii Volodymyr , Kurtiak Fedir , Mykhaliuk Ilona , Hryhorchuk Inna , Zasiekina Tetiana
Published: January 2025

Research objective. The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of virtual laboratories on students' research skills while studying biology in a university environment. Applied research method. The research method used in the study was a research experiment in a virtual laboratory, the method of testing (EETS), and the method of expert evaluation. The statistical analysis was carried out using the Mann-Whitney criterion, Pearson's coefficient, and correlation analysis. The reliability of the method was tested by Cronbach's alpha. Main results. There is a positive correlation between the use of scientific methods and the ability to conduct experiments, as well as the attitude to the learning environment in both the experimental and control groups. The Pearson correlation coefficients were higher for the experimental group; this clearly indicates a stronger connection between their research skills and attitudes toward the learning environment. The ability to process results also has a small positive relationship with attitudes toward the learning environment. Major conclusions. The results of the study demonstrated the positive impact of using virtual laboratories in the study of biological disciplines.
Influência dos elementos de envoltória no desempenho termo-energético de edifícios institucionais no clima tropical semiárido
Authors:   , Oliveira Paolo Américo de
Published: January 2025

A eficiência energética em edifícios está relacionada à adequação da edificação ao clima no qual está situado. Estudos direcionados à arquitetura bioclimática e à eficiência energética de edifícios em clima tropical semiárido brasileiro ainda são escassos. Com a implantação de instrumentos que estabelecem recomendações arquitetônicas diferenciadas de acordo com a situação climática, se faz necessária à disseminação de informações estratégicas para o planejamento e produção de edifícios mais adequados ao uso otimizado da eletricidade. Desse modo, este estudo propõe uma análise da influência das variáveis arquitetônicas no consumo de energia elétrica de edificações institucionais situadas na UFERSA, Campus de Mossoró/RN, cujo clima é tropical semiárido. Para tanto, foram coletados dados por meio dos projetos arquitetônicos destas edificações e em vistorias in loco. As informações registradas foram relativas à: caracterização morfológica dos edifícios, identificação de características como o número de pavimentos, disposição e uso dos ambientes, orientação cardeal das fachadas, disposição de elementos transparentes como janelas e portas e as propriedades térmicas dos materiais que compõem os sistemas construtivos utilizados. Para avaliação de desempenho termo-energético destes parâmetros, foi utilizado o programa EnergyPlus, que simula o consumo de eletricidade predial ao longo do ano, baseado em modelos similares aos edifícios alvos deste estudo. A partir destes procedimentos, identificou-se que as variáveis arquitetônicas estudadas influenciaram diretamente o consumo de energia elétrica de edificações e foi proposta uma listagem de recomendações a serem seguidas para que as futuras construções de edifícios em clima tropical semiárido sejam termicamente mais eficientes.
Qualidade da água de abastecimento e aspectos sociais e comportamentais de seus consumidores no município de Mossoró/RN
Authors:   , Silva Manoel Marcelino da
Published: January 2025

A cidade de Mossoró está localizada no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, e situa-se a 285 km de Natal, capital do Estado. O município possui uma área de 2.110,21 km2 e uma população total de 259.815 habitantes, A realidade do município é similar à de outros da região do semiárido nordestino, caracterizada por longos períodos de estiagem e curtas temporadas de chuvas, assim a gestão dos recursos hídricos requer uma otimização a fim de atender as necessidades da região. O crescimento da população associado aos níveis de utilização de água evidencia o consumo excessivo, desperdício e contaminação, gerando problemas de saúde pública, pois afeta diretamente sua qualidade. As questões de potabilidade da água são regidas no país pela Portaria 2.914/2011/MS. Nessa perspectiva, foi realizado um estudo dos parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos com amostras da água distribuída no município, oriundas do receptor de água da rede de distribuição e do coletor de água das residências, e para verificar as percepções da população através de um questionário com questões de conhecimento, uso e desperdício de água e sobre a práticas de higiene na saúde pública, foram aplicados 385 questionários. Em relação aos parâmetros físicos, a cor e a turbidez apresentaram maiores resultados nos coletores dos residencias pesquisadas, indicando a falta de manutenção destes. As análises químicas de pH, cloretos e alcalinidade não apresentaram grandes alterações entre as zonas estudadas, já as análises de dureza e nitratos foram maiores em locais onde há deficiência no saneamento ou onde havia maior chance de contaminação da água, como esgoto a céu e lixo. Para os parâmetros microbiológicos estudados, verificou-se a presença de bactérias do grupo coliformes em todos os pontos em pelo menos uma das coletas, sendo a maior contaminação nos receptores, justificado pela falta de manutenção e provavelmente pela falta de prevenção na vedação desses coletores, possibilitando o acesso de roedores, insetos e outros carregadores de micro-organismos. Referente aos aspectos sociais e o comportamento frente ao recurso hídrico disponível, a população de Mossoró pesquisada mostrou-se em sua maioria na faixa etária entre 18-25 anos, do gênero feminino, com escolaridade maior no nível médio e renda familiar maior que um salário mínimo. A pesquisa revelou ser frequente a disponibilidade de água nas residências, e a maioria possui coletores de água nas residências e apresentam consciência da necessidade de limpeza desses coletores, e ainda que os pesquisados não têm conhecimento sobre os parâmetros de qualidade de água e a maioria não acredita na potabilidade, mas 33,8% dos pesquisados a usam para beber. Foi identificado ainda que a população participante produz desperdício e apresenta consciência sobre higiene e saúde, apesar dos índices elevados de doenças de veiculação hídrica.
The [18F] F-PSMA Probe: Chemical Perspectives
Authors: Xavier de-Britto Isabelle , Neves-da-Silva Stephanie Nascimento , Alencar Luciana Magalhaes Rebelo , Fechine Pierre Basilio Almeida , Santos-Oliveira Ralph
Published: January 2025

This study discusses the chemical perspectives of the [18F]F-PSMA probe, a
pivotal tool in prostate cancer imaging. [18F]Fluorine, a positron emitter with a half-life
of 109.8 minutes, is produced in a cyclotron by bombarding [18O]-enriched targets with
protons. The chemistry of this isotope parallels that of stable fluorine, facilitating its use
in positron emission tomography (PET). The synthesis of [18F]F-PSMA involves a nucleophilic
substitution (SN1) reaction, where [18F]fluoride ion replaces a leaving group
in the precursor molecule. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is highly expressed
in prostate cancer cells, making it a crucial target for imaging. PSMA-targeted
radioligands, such as [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11, [18F]F-DCFPyL, and [99mTc]Tc-PSMA-I&S,
bind to the extracellular domain of PSMA, enabling precise imaging. The design of PSMA
radiotracers incorporates specific targeting moieties, functional groups for radiolabeling,
and linkers to maintain binding affinity and pharmacokinetics. Common linkers
include aliphatic, aromatic, peptide-based, and polyethylene glycol structures, while
functional groups like tosylate and PyTFP are used for efficient [18F]fluorination. This review
aims to elucidate the main linker and reactions in order to optimize these components
to improve imaging sensitivity and specificity in detecting prostate cancer.
Synthetic Cannabinoids are Genotoxic in Cultured Human Lymphocytes
Authors: Almestafa Alla Abdulwahab , Khabour Omar Falah , Al-Eitan Laith Naser , Alzoubi Karem Hasan
Published: January 2025

Background:

Synthetic cannabinoids are one of the most identified abused drugs nowadays. Their
popularity is due to their psychoactive effects, which resemble delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol. This study investigates
the genotoxic potential of three synthetic cannabinoids of indazole-passed drugs, AB-Fubinaca, AMBFubinaca,
and EMB-Fubinaca (at a final concentration of 200 nM).

Methods:

Genotoxicity was examined using Sister Chromatid Exchanges (SCEs) and Chromosomal Aberrations
(CAs) assays in cultured human lymphocytes. Blood for lymphocyte cultures was obtained from healthy
adult young males.

Results:

A significant increase in the frequency of SCEs was detected for all examined drugs (range: 5.4-6.1,
p < 0.05) compared to the control group (4.70 ± 0.31). The order of synthetic cannabinoids in terms of their
ability to induce SCEs was EMB-Fubinaca (6.04 ± 0.63) > AMB-Fubinaca (5.65 ± 0.6) > AB-Fubinaca (5.33
± 0.58). None of the examined drugs induced significant changes to the frequency of CAs (p > 0.05). Additionally,
there were no effects of the synthetic cannabinoids at the studied concentration on proliferation and mitotic
indices.

Conclusion:

Synthetic cannabinoids have been found to increase the frequency of SCEs in cultured human
lymphocytes. The results should be confirmed in in vivo studies using lymphocytes derived from synthetic
cannabinoid users.
InConTPSS: Multi-scale Module Based Temporal Convolutional Networks for Accurate Protein Secondary Prediction
Authors: Wang Xun , Gao Yuan , Song Haonan , Pan Zhiyi , Xie Xianjin
Published: January 2025

Background:

Protein secondary structure prediction is an important task in bioinformatics
and structural biology. Protein’s structure is the basis for its corresponding function. Experimental
methods for determining the tertiary structure of proteins are both costly and time-consuming. Since
the tertiary structure of proteins is further formed by secondary structure, leveraging computational
approaches for efficient prediction of protein secondary structure is important. Both local and global
interactions between amino acids affect the prediction results.

Objective:

We propose a module aimed at processing sequence profile features for deep feature extraction
and constructing a lightweight network to extract fused features.

Methods:

To enhance the network’s ability to capture both local and global interactions, we propose
an efficient method InConTPSS, which integrates convolution operation with different receptive
fields and temporal convolutional networks in the inception architecture. Concurrently, InConTPSS
takes into account the issue of distribution imbalance across various states of secondary structures
and improves the predictive performance of scarce categories.

Results:

Experimental results on six benchmark datasets (including CASP12, CASP13, CASP14,
CB513, TEST2016, and TEST2018) demonstrate our method achieves state-of-the-art performance
with a simpler model on both 3-state and 8-state secondary structure prediction.

result:

Experimental results on benchmark datasets (including CASP12, CASP13, CASP14, CB513, TEST2016 and TEST2018) demonstrate our method achieves state-of-the-art performance with a simpler model on both 3-state and 8-state secondary structure prediction.

Conclusion:

Through the combination of the convolutional layer and temporal convolutional network,
the inception network structure can effectively process the fused features and improve the
prediction results. InConTPSS achieves the most advanced performance in protein secondary structure
prediction, and the reasonable use of label-distribution-aware margin loss in our method can effectively
improve the prediction accuracy of scarce secondary structures.
Effect of a Medication Adherence Education Intervention on Clinical Outcomes in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial Study
Authors: Esfanjani Ali Tarighat , Zare Maryam , Mardi Afrouz , Haghighian-Roudsari Arezoo , Rafraf Maryam , Iranparvar-Alamdari Manouchehr , Hackett Daniel , Shaghaghi Abdolreza , Jafarabadi Mohammad Asghari
Published: January 2025

Background: Low adherence to Oral Antidiabetic Drugs (OADs) in adults with Type 2
Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) leads to complications, death, and increased healthcare costs.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of medication adherence education interventions
for the clinical outcomes of adults with T2DM.

Materials and Methods: Seventy adults with T2DM from an outpatient clinic in the City of Ardabil,
Iran, participated in this study. The participants were randomized into an intervention group
(n=35) or a non-interventional group (n=35). The intervention group underwent four educational
sessions focused on adherence to OADs. Content within classes was influenced by a participant’s
Stage of Change (SOC) result, which was related to behavior change modeling. Participants in the
non-interventional group were placed on a waiting list to receive educational content after the follow-
up. Assessments were conducted at baseline, four weeks, and six months.

Results: Significant improvements in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) (P = 0.018) and 2-hour Plasma
Glucose (2-hPG) (P < 0.001) levels were found in the intervention group compared to the noninterventional
group post-intervention. Additionally, HbA1C was significantly lower at follow-up
in the intervention group than in the non-intervention group (P < 0.001). The Homeostasis Model
of Insulin Resistance Assessment (HOMA-IR) revealed a significant increase in target cell sensitivity
to insulin in the intervention group compared to that in the non-interventional during the follow-
up period (P = 0.009). The SOC for adherence to OADs was significantly improved in the intervention
group compared to that in the non-intervention group at the follow-up timepoint (P<
0.001).

Conclusion: Medication adherence education interventions may improve the clinical outcomes of
adults with T2DM.
Potassium-Rich, Gluten-Free Diets for Patients with Sjögren's Syndrome: A Hypothesis
Authors: Rastmanesh Reza , Isacco Ciro Gargiulo , Vellingiri Balachandar , Pepoyan Astghik , Marotta Francesco , Tekin Ishak , Catanzaro Roberto
Published: January 2025

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease and its management is palliative.
There is no specific dietary protocol for SS patients. A gluten-free diet has been tested in SS patients
with celiac disease (CD) and indicated modest improvements. Whether gluten-free diets per
sè could alleviate autoimmune inflammatory processes in the salivary glands of SS patients with
associated CD or even in SS patients without CD is an interesting hypothesis and warrants clinical
studies. Hypokalemia in SS patients is among the most frequent sequelae of renal tubular acidosis.
Supplementation with potassium (K)-rich diets can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress. K
level in CD patients is highly abnormal at diagnosis and gluten-free diets help to normalize its
serum level in CD patients. Furthermore, treatment of severe cases of SS requires concomitant glucocorticoid
therapy and K supplementation. Results of two separate clinical trials in (i) patients
with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) –a disease with similar pathology to SS- indicated that the enhanced
serum cortisol followed K supplementation, and in (ii) celiac patients, serum K levels
were normalized after the administration of a gluten-free diet. We reviewed the literature extensively
on this topic to propose a hypothesis to address this problem and suggest a novel potential
for K-rich, gluten-free diets in SS patients. Based on causal associations, we propose that higher K
absorption and cortisol secretion following gluten-free diets accompanied by K-rich diets in SS patients
with low serum potassium levels, may confer a higher therapeutic potential. Clinical trials
are needed to test this hypothesis.
Heavy Metal Tolerance and Removal Efficiencies by Soil Bacterial Strains: Effects of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources
Authors: Asunmo Maryam Y. , Ogunnusi Tolulope A. , Akpor Oghenerobor B.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Several human activities contribute to the release of heavy metals into the environment, which constitutes a threat to the environment and human health; thus, there is a need for remediation of these metals.

Methods:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of carbon and nitrogen sources on tolerance to lead, nickel and cadmium by soil bacterial strains. The effects of carbon, nitrogen sources and carbon-nitrogen ratio on the bacteria strains were also explored. A total of ten bacterial species, which comprise Yersinia enterocolitica (1), Alcaligenes faecalis (4), Bacillus cereus (2), Enterobacter cloacae (1) and Bacillus subtilis (2), were identified. The screening was carried out in minimal media using different carbon sources (sodium acetate, glucose, sucrose and maltose), nitrogen sources (yeast extract, peptone, tryptone and potassium nitrate) and carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratios (5:5, 5:4, 5:3 and 5:2). Based on tolerance index, the optimal carbon and nitrogen sources were observed to be sodium acetate and potassium nitrate, respectively, while the C/N ratio varied across the isolates.

Results & Discussion:

At the end of the study, the tolerance index observed for cadmium, lead, and nickel ranged from 0.44 to 0.55, from 0.48 to 2.27 and from 0.19 to 1.95, respectively. Moreover, removal percentages that ranged from 12%-35%, 56%-97% and 79%-90% were observed for cadmium, lead and nickel, respectively, in the presence of the bacterial species.

Conclusion:

The results showed the bacterial isolates' effectiveness in removing these heavy metals from the environment.
Identifying Host Cell Gene Expression Modulation as Potential Markers for SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Soferr Jonathan J. , Guiberson Kate , Steel J. Jordan
Published: January 2025

Background:

The SARS-CoV-2 emergence in 2019 has caused health, safety, and socioeconomic issues worldwide. Current testing prioritizes viral RNA detection, requiring specialized techniques, training, and time periods, resulting in significant testing limitations. Viral infection can cause changes in host cell gene expression, which vary from virus to virus. Recent research has suggested that SARS-CoV-2-induced gene expression modulations in infected human cells may be differentiated from expressions elicited by other acute respiratory illnesses. Data in this study highlight specific genes that are differentially expressed during SARS-CoV-2 infection. This novel application of individual sample analysis, in connection with global databases, provides robust data for genes that are specifically modulated during SARS-CoV-2 infection. This expression profile would be valuable for SARS-CoV-2 testing, prevention, treatment, and basic virology research.

Methods:

Previously collected COVID-19 surveillance-testing samples from cadets at the United States Air Force Academy were used to quantify the expression of 19 target genes using direct primer-mediated qRTPCR. Additionally, samples were analyzed with RNA-seq to assess the different transcriptomes between uninfected and SARS-CoV-2-infected samples. Results were compared with national databases to confirm the agreement between findings.

Results:

A total of 19 genes were identified to be altered during SARS-CoV-2 infection using in-lab experimental results. This expression profile matched previous research and might uniquely describe SARS-CoV-2 infection. The genes expected to be upregulated according to previous research, IL1B, IFI44L, ACE2, and DUX3, were all upregulated. RNA-seq data confirmed these results and identified 122 other genes significantly different between uninfected and SARS-CoV-2 infected samples. The results have a 93% agreement rate with national databases.

Conclusion:

Despite the availability of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2, the continual mutation and evolution of the virus, the emergence of novel and increasingly infectious strains, and the anti-vaccine sentiment increase the need for safe and rapid testing alternative options. The expression profile of altered host genes during SARS-CoV-2 infection could be extremely advantageous to detect and prevent infection, as well as further research efforts for treatment and understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Transmission Inhibitor
Authors: Chandra Subhash , Sakshi  , Saklani Sarla , Choudhary Alka N , Kala Kanishk
Published: January 2025

As of December 2019, there has been an outbreak of severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in China. Around 16% of patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome, and 1%–2% died. There is no specific treatment reported. A pandemic related to Coronavirus is one of the most significant health crises in human history. In spite of a massive influx of cases, SARS-CoV-2 is still untreatable. Both old and novel virologic medicines were tested in order to develop a novel drug or vaccine. In advanced clinical trials in the US, favipiravir is currently approved for treating influenza infections in Japan, and it has been approved for treating SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 infections in Japan. Studies have shown that favipiravir can treat mild to moderate COVID-19 infections. The present review examines the role and use of favipiravir in the treatment of COVID-19. The purpose of this review is to provide evidence obtained from a variety of authentic sources. Current research is evaluating favipiravir for treating Coronavirus infections.
PENGARUH SUHU LELEH MATRIK DAN PERLAKUAN CRYOGENIC SERAT KARBON TERHADAP INTERFACIAL SHEAR STRENGTH CARBON FIBER REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE
Authors: Budiyantoro Cahyo , Attoriq Fajri , Sosiati Harini
Published: January 2025

Sifat mekanik komposit termoplastik berpenguat serat karbon dipengaruhi kinerja ikatan antarmuka antara serat dengan matrik. Dalam penelitian ini parameter proses  berupa suhu pencairan matrik dan perlakuan kriogenik serat karbon telah dioptimasikan dalam pembuatan filamen komposit untuk meningkatkan interfacial shear strength (IFSS). Filamen komposit polipropilena yang diperkuat serat karbon dibuat dengan menggunakan mesin ekstrusi-pultrusion. Temperatur peleburan divariasikan pada 180 oC, 190 oC, dan 200 oC. Serat karbon terlebih dahulu direndam dalam nitrogen cair dengan variasi waktu 10, 15, dan 20 menit untuk meningkatkan kekasaran permukaan serat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh temperatur leleh dan perlakuan kriogenik serat karbon terhadap IFSS filamen komposit. Nilai IFSS diukur menggunakan uji pull-out, sedangkan morfologi permukaannya diamati menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan serat dengan nitrogen cair memberikan pengaruh lebih dominan dalam peningkatan IFSS. Perlakuan serat secara kriogenik selama 20 menit direkomendasikan karena memberikan kekasaran permukaan tertinggi. Kombinasi parameter proses yang memberikan IFSS tertinggi adalah dengan perendaman serat karbon selama 20 menit dan aplikasi suhu pencairan matrik sebesar 190 oC.
REKAYASA DESAIN CIRCULAR HYBRID CRASH BOX UNTUK PENINGKATAN PERFORMA KELAYAKAN TABRAK
Authors: Wakhidah Delia Hani , Choiron Moch. Agus , Irawan Yudy Surya
Published: January 2025

In previous studies, hybrid crash boxes have been developed because it show better energy absorption characteristics. Circular hybrid crash box combine the advantages of low-density of composite with stable deformation of metal provide a potential energy absorption device. Tests were carried out experimentally and iumerically under frontal load. This study aims to determine the energy absorption characteristics of two different configuration of hybrid material compositions using Aluminum Alloy 6063 and T300-epoxy Carbon Fiber composites. Present two typical configurational schemes, namely Al-Ko (i.e. a metal outer tube internally filled with an inner carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) tube) and Ko-Al (i.e. an outer composite tube internally filled with an inner metal tube). Composite layups arrangement with fiber orientation direction [0,90]10. First, the simulation models were developed and validated by comparing the damage modes and crashworthiness indictors with the dedicated experimental study. Second, the interactive effects of different configuration hybrid tubes were investigated by analyzing the discrepancies in the deformation pattern and internal energy absorption of each material through the validated simulation models. The test results show that the greatest energy absorption occurs in the Al-Ko model of 7401.4 J. This hybrid crash box has an energy absorption value of 11% greater compared to the sum of the energy absorption of aluminum tubes (3746.5 J) and composite tubes (2923.4 J).
EFFECT VARIATION OF TEMPERATURE AND STIRRING SPEED ON THE BENDING TEST OF FIBERGLASS FIBER COMPOSITE MATERIALS USING THE VACUUM ASSISTED RESIN INFUSION (VARI) METHOD
Authors: Setiawan Ferry , Sakti Faras Bimo , Wicaksono Dhimas
Published: January 2025

This study aims to investigate the effect of temperature with constant agitation at 164 rpm on the fabrication of composite materials using the Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion (VARI) method. In this research, composite materials were made with a polyester resin matrix reinforced with fiberglass. The challenge in the VARI process, which is the difficulty in controlling the viscosity of the solution when infused into the fibers, was addressed by using a stirrer in the feed resin tank. Heating was intended to increase the surface tension of the resin, allowing it to better penetrate the fibers. The variations used were stirring at a speed of 164 rpm and heating temperature variations of 28°C, 35°C, and 50°C. By stirring and heating the resin and catalyst solution, it is expected to achieve a more uniform viscosity, resulting in better composite material compared to methods without heating and without mixing. Based on the test results, the highest average bending strength was found in the specimen stirred with a mixer at 35°C, with a value of 359.91 MPa. The lowest average bending strength was found in the specimen with a temperature variation of 28°C, with a value of 133.7 MPa, and the bending strength at the temperature variation of 50°C was 348.81 MPa. The impact on bending strength is due to the presence of voids, which are gas or air trapped within the specimen structure. This is evidenced by micrographic analysis and density measurements, where the 28°C variation had the lowest density of 2.01 gr/cm3, while the 35°C and 50°C variations had the same density of 2.41 gr/cm3.