bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RESEARCH OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC MECHANISMS OF MANAGEMENT OF ENERGY SAVING BASED ON ENERGY SERVICE
Authors: Иванова Е.Г. , Барыкин С.Е. , Бородина К.А.
Published: February 2022

В статье рассмотрена деятельность энергосервисных компаний, которая построена на энергосбережении и направлена на экономию энергоресурсов и на повышение энергоэффективности. Также в статье описаны источники инвестирования проектов энергосервисных компаний и какие конкретно услуги предоставляют энергосервисные компании. Приводится определение энергосервисного контракта и рассматриваются виды энергосервисных контрактов. Построены схемы простой логистической цепи, традиционной логистической цепи с информационно-логистическим центром, звеньями которых являются заказчик, энергосервисная компания, банк/инвестор, поставщик ресурсов, потребитель/заказчик. Сделаны выводы о взаимосвязи энергосбережения, качества и инвестиций. Проведен научный поиск нового подхода к построению логистической цепи – сетевого управления логистической системы энергосервиса, в котором звенья располагаются вокруг ядра, являющегося информационно-логистическим центром. Показано, что сетевое управления логистической системой позволяет контролировать действия всех участников цепи, координировать их действия, а также отслеживать качества продукции/услуг.

The article discusses the activities of energy service companies, which is built on energy conservation and is aimed at saving energy resources and improving energy efficiency. The article also describes the sources of investment projects of energy service companies and what specific services are provided by energy service companies. The definition of an energy service contract is given and the types of energy service contracts are considered. Schemes of a simple logistic chain, a traditional logistic chain with an information and logistic center were built, the links of which are the customer, energy service company, bank / investor, resource provider, consumer / customer. Conclusions are drawn on the relationship between energy conservation, quality and investment. Attention is paid to finding a new approach to the construction of the logistics chain: network management of the energy service logistics system, in which the links are located around the core, which is the information and logistics center. It is proved that network management of the logistics system allows you to control the actions of all participants in the chain, coordinate their actions, and also monitor the quality of products / services.
4.2. THE BALANCE OF THE BUDGET SYSTEM AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF BUDGET POLICY
Authors: Сугарова И.В.
Published: February 2022

В статье исследуется проблематика функционирующей бюджетной системы в рамках ее сбалансированности и консолидированности, а также реализующейся бюджетной политики. Аргументируется необходимость исследовательских задач в аспектах централизации и децентрализации бюджетных решений, нахождения наилучших вариантов сбалансированности и консолидированности бюджетной системы и реализации бюджетной политики.

The article examines the problems of the functioning budget system within the framework of its balance and consolidation, as well as the budget policy being implemented.The necessity of research tasks in the aspects of centralization and decentralization of budget decisions, finding the best options for balancing and consolidating the budget system and implementing budget policy is argued.
IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE OPERATIONS OF CUSTOMS AUTHORITIES: RESULTS AND PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Орлова Е.Р. , Кудрявцев П.Е.
Published: February 2022

В статье представлены результаты внедрения в деятельность таможенных органов цифровых технологий. На основании проведенного исследования была оценена эффективности используемых цифровых технологий за период с 2003 по 2019 год. Кроме того, в статье проведен анализ международного опыта таможенного администрирования в условиях функционирования цифровой экономики на примере США и Китая. На основе этого опыта сформированы рекомендации по повышению эффективности функционирования цифровой таможни в России.

The article presents the results of the introduction of digital technologies into the activities of customs authorities; an analysis of quantitative indicators is carried out, allowing to draw conclusions regarding the effectiveness of the implemented technologies, starting from 2003 and ending with 2019. In addition, the analysis of the international experience of customs administration in the conditions of the functioning of the digital economy was carried out on the example of the United States and China, on the basis of which recommendations acceptable for the Russian Federation were formed on improving the efficiency of the functioning of the digital customs.
Diplomatie d’influence et culture au Quai d’Orsay
Authors: Guéraiche William
Published: February 2022

Le discours officiel du Quai d’Orsay est ambigu sur les relations entre diplomatie et culture et de même que sur le contenu de la diplomatie d’influence. La confusion est entretenue à dessein car elle permet de masquer les vrais enjeux qui sont dans l’esprit des dirigeants d’abord comptables. Le passage de Laurent Fabius au ministère des Affaires étrangères (2012-2017) marque un tournant. C’est lui qui donne un contenu à la diplomatie d’influence dont le principal axe est la réussite économique de la France à l’étranger. Son successeur, Jean-Yves Le Drian semble continuer la politique de son prédécesseur mais son discours masque en réalité un attachement sans faille aux questions stratégiques et sécuritaires.
Des marques muséales au service de l’influence française : le rôle du Louvre et de l’expertise muséale dans le Golfe arabo-persique
Authors: Molinié-Andlauer Marie-Alix
Published: February 2022

Cet article propose une comparaison entre deux accords bilatéraux et intergouvernementaux en matière de coopération culturelle (décret n°2008-879 et décret n°2018-861) afin de comprendre la circulation de l’expertise dans la région du Golfe arabopersique avec le modèle des agences. En effet, la création des deux agences qui accompagnent la mise en place des deux projets (Abu Dhabi 2030 et Saudi Vision 2030) ; l’Agence France Muséums (AFM) à Abu Dhabi et l’Agence française pour le développement d’Al Ula dans le gouvernorat d’Al Ula en Arabie Saoudite font partie intégrante de l’internationalisation du musée du Louvre aux Émirats arabes unis et de la Culture en Arabie Saoudite. La compréhension de leur fonctionnent veut mettre en évidence les liens (humains, législatifs, financiers) qui participent à la réalisation des projets, en nous intéressant à la communication autour de ces projets. La méthode s’appuie sur des entretiens réalisés auprès de la direction du Musée du Louvre, une recherche quantitative à partir de Google Trends pour relater la manière dont les médias communiquent sur ces deux décrets et une analyse lexicométrique à partir du logiciel Iramuteq. Son objectif est de faire apparaître les récurrences communes ou non entre les deux décrets, publiés à dix ans d’intervalle (2008 et 2018).
Instagram, un soutien contrasté à la mondialisation des marques muséales et à la diplomatie d’influence. Les cas du Louvre et du Centre Pompidou
Authors: Alcantara Christophe , Peyre Nicolas
Published: February 2022

La mondialisation des marques « Louvre » et « Centre Pompidou » s’opère notamment par la création du Louvre Abu Dhabi et du Centre Pompidou Málaga. La communication numérique et plus particulièrement Instagram sont investis par ces musées publics français et ceux créés à l’étranger en valorisant leurs marques. Nous avons observé et analysé toutes les publications de ces quatre musées sur Instagram entre le 12 mars au 12 août 2020 (n = 418) pour se poser la question du soutien à la mondialisation des marques muséales et à la diplomatie d’influence par cette modalité de la communication numérique.
Du savoir comme enjeux dans la construction d’une activité de prestation alimentaire en entreprise
Authors: Heller Thomas , Sevin Elodie
Published: February 2022

L’implication d’un prestataire du secteur alimentaire dans un projet de recherche sur l’alimentation au travail est le point de départ d’une analyse des enjeux du savoir scientifique pris dans le cadre d’une activité marchande. A travers l’analyse d’un document de présentation de ce projet et d’une ethnographie d’un événement co-organisé par ce prestataire, nous mettons en évidence ce qui se joue pour lui dans ce rapport entre savoir et activité économique : la légitimité de l’activité, la reconnaissance d’une position d’expertise, une mise en visibilité de l’activité à travers des partenariats et, un positionnement économique et politique. La démarche ethnographique laisse aussi entrevoir la place de la science, parmi d’autres savoirs, incarnée par des chercheurs, dans la constitution d’un monde de l’alimentation au travail.
Faire-savoir et savoir-faire à l’École : l’alimentation à l’écran
Authors: Nourrisson Didier
Published: February 2022

A partir des années 1930, en plus des outils pédagogiques traditionnels, l’École a développé une technologie de communication et d’éducation innovante : le film fixe d’enseignement. Bénéficiant d’un commentaire personnalisé par le maître, puisque le film est muet et déroulé image par image, il assure un enseignement de masse par « l’aspect ». Dans le domaine de l’alimentation et de la nutrition, nous avons identifié près de 90 films fixes, soit près de 4000 « vues », pour réaliser un enseignement produit entre 1930 et 1970, au moment de la mise en place d’un réseau de cantines scolaires, de réflexions nouvelles sur la diététique à l’École, ainsi qu’à une période de pénuries alimentaires puis de construction d’une nouvelle société de consommation. La vision de l’histoire, de la science et de la géographie de l’alimentation, ainsi que l’apprentissage de la « vie ménagère » sont bouleversés par ces projections.
La circulation des savoirs alimentaires à destination des enfants des écoles primaires. Une ethnographie des cantines associatives en Andalousie (Espagne)
Authors: Cardon Philippe , Martín-Lagos López María Dolores
Published: February 2022

Cet article s’intéresse à l’émergence de cantines associatives créées par des parents en dehors des écoles publiques de la ville de Grenade en Espagne. Si ces cantines accueillent tous les jours pour le repas de midi des enfants d’école primaire (entre 14h00 et 16h00), elles s’inscrivent dans un mouvement de réforme par le bas visant à éduquer les enfants qui y viennent à une alimentation soucieuse et respectueuse de la santé et de l’environnement pour mieux pouvoir dénoncer les entreprises de restauration gérant aujourd’hui les cantines scolaires publiques. La cantine associative devient, lors des repas pris en commun et des activités (jeux, ateliers, bibliothèque) proposées, un espace de diffusion de savoirs alimentaires supports d’éducation des enfants à l’autonomie et à la citoyenneté.
Plaider l’Europe sociale contre l’Europe du marché
Authors: Louis Julien
Published: February 2022

L’article prend pour objet les processus de cadrage des affaires « Viking » et « Laval » réalisés par la Confédération européenne des syndicats lors de leur examen par la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne en 2005-2006. Jugées en décembre 2007, les deux affaires sont devenues un symbole majeur du déficit social de l’intégration européenne, en raison de la primauté donnée par les juges aux libertés économiques sur les droits syndicaux. Par l’analyse de la construction de la cause de l’Europe sociale contre l’Europe du marché, cette étude rend compte des opérations de cadrage effectuées par les syndicalistes européens et leurs juristes en amont des verdicts, des logiques qui les mènent à entreprendre ce travail de mise en forme symbolique des litiges, et du contexte politique européen dans lequel cette mobilisation s’inscrit.
An efficient spectral-Galerkin method for a new Steklov eigenvalue problem in inverse scattering
Authors: Ren Shixian ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China, Zhang Yu , Wang Ziqiang ,   School of Data Science and Information Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China,   School of Mathematics & Statistics, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
Published: February 2022

An efficient spectral method is proposed for a new Steklov eigenvalue problem in inverse scattering. Firstly, we establish the weak form and the associated discrete scheme by introducing an appropriate Sobolev space and a corresponding approximation space. Then, according to the Fredholm Alternative, the corresponding operator forms of weak formulation and discrete formulation are derived. After that, the error estimates of approximated eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are proved by using the spectral approximation results of completely continuous operators and the approximation properties of orthogonal projection operators. We also construct an appropriate set of basis functions in the approximation space and derive the matrix form of the discrete scheme based on the tensor product. In addition, we extend the algorithm to the circular domain. Finally, we present plenty of numerical experiments and compare them with some existing numerical methods, which validate that our algorithm is effective and high accuracy.
Što znači pojam governance i kako ga treba prevoditi?
Authors:   Pravni fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, Hrvatska, Bežovan Gojko
Published: February 2022

Tekst analizira značenje i razumijevanje pojma governance te njegov prijevod na hrvatski jezik. Vlade, izvršne vlasti, vladajući (governing) pristupom odozgo, izdavanjem naloga i kontroliranjem, odnosno upravljanjem, ne mogu se učinkovito i djelotvorno nositi s problemima i izazovima. Kako bi odgovorile na takve izazove, vlade prihvaćaju vladanje odozdo, po horizontalnom načelu suradnje s ostalim dionicima, pa su onda u prilici mobilizirati raspoložive resurse, izgraditi povjerenje i novu mrežu suradnje te razviti koncept vladavine (governance). Koncept dobre vladavine u Europskoj uniji je alat kojim se jačaju procesi konvergencije. Istraživanja o vladavini u Hrvatskoj su rijetka, a radovi o toj temi uglavnom analiziraju vladavinu, dobru vladavinu i višerazinsku vladavinu kao novu upravnu doktrinu. Imajući u vidu značenje pojma governance u engleskom jeziku te njegovo značenje u odnosu na druge pojmove, drži se da ga na hrvatski jezik treba prevoditi kao vladavina. Analizira se i značenje pojmova: affordability, social entrepreneurship, eligibility i resilience te se predlaže prevođenje na hrvatski jezik.
Guérison autochtone en contexte correctionnel canadien : une analyse sociohistorique
Authors: Ellington Lisa
Published: February 2022

La surreprésentation carcérale des détenus autochtones dans les établissements pénitentiaires canadiens est devenue si importante que le traitement et la gestion de ces derniers sont aujourd’hui des priorités institutionnelles et politiques. Malgré un corpus croissant d’études qui explorent, d’une part, la guérison des traumatismes historiques et, d’autre part, les causes de la surreprésentation, très peu permettent de comprendre sous quelles assises la guérison autochtone a pénétré l’univers carcéral fédéral. Cette recension des écrits de nature exploratoire et narrative vise à reconstruire sociohistoriquement la pénétration et l’usage du principe de guérison dans les politiques correctionnelles canadiennes. Pour chaque phase historique, elle traite la manière dont la guérison autochtone s’est pratiquée et opérationnalisée, en faisant ressortir les paradoxes.
Jusqu’où l’institution peut-elle être augmentée ? Pour une éthique publique de l’IA
Authors: Ménissier Thierry
Published: February 2022

Cette contribution explore l’hypothèse que l’adoption par les services publics des outils technologiques contemporains informatiques et numériques, des algorithmes et des méga-données qui définissent l’intelligence artificielle (IA), induit une transformation importante du sens de l’institution. L’expertise des machines et la valeur du savoir des mathématiques-informatiques nourrissent la confiance envers l’IA, qui repose sur son efficacité pour assister les tâches d’administration et de gestion publiques. Mais elle entretient également une confu­sion entre la logique de la performance technique et la doctrine de l’État, à partir de la ressemblance entre des notions pourtant irréduc­tibles les unes aux autres, par exemple entre fiabilité et confiance, entre généralité et universalité, entre objectivité et impartialité. Par le biais des services qu’ils rendent à l’institution et via l’influence qu’ils exercent déjà sur les comportements de ses agents et responsables, les systèmes d’IA acquièrent une action réelle qu’il est nécessaire de préciser et de conceptualiser. Cet article entend y contribuer à partir de l’idée qu’il s’agit d’une forme d’autorité, telle que la philosophie politique l’a interprétée.
The Experience Economy, Marketplaces, and Spirituality
Authors: Schutte Flip
Published: February 2022

The premise of this chapter is the assumption that a spiritual shift is taking place globally and that the labour landscape and essence of work has changed dramatically. The working individual spends more time at work than at home, with the consequence that people bring more to work than just their body and brains. They also bring their soul and spirit to work. Spirituality is also increasingly impacting the behaviours of consumers. Spiritual motivations are not restricted to the choice of a particular sect, guru, or religion. Corporate firms are increasingly using spiritual appeals to identify and bond with consumers. The result of this stance is that employees in the workplace become the facilitators through a certain product, brand, or service delivery of the consumer's spiritual experiences. In that sense, the employees in the workplace, persons such as retailers, restauranteurs, waiters, salespeople, and people in the tourism and hospitality industry are “replacing” the shaman or priest as the facilitator of the ritual during the spiritual experience of the consumer.
Strategies and Effectiveness of Experiential and Service Learning Towards Mission Achievement
Authors: Wambalaba Francis Wamukota , Namada Juliana Mulaa , Katuse Paul
Published: February 2022

At a time when student stakeholders are demanding value for money, experiential service learning is expected to enrich student learning and also add value to society. To appreciate the context of experiential service learning, this chapter explores the theoretical and conceptual approaches to the learning process including theories, models, and perspectives, as well as derivation of a conceptual analytical framework. Since general education tends to not only embrace integrative learning approaches but also typically conducive to experiential and service learning, it is also covered in this chapter. It is hoped that upon completion of this chapter, the reader would be able to and enthused about repackaging their courses towards experiential learning engagement. Moreover, there will be a strong bias towards engagement of students towards service learning, and thus value addition to their respective communities.
Service-Learning as Authentic Practice for Teacher Candidates to Work With English Language Learners
Authors: Cho Hyesun , Johnson Peter , Somiari Sylvia S.
Published: February 2022

This chapter investigates how the incorporation of service-learning to a teacher education course changes teacher candidates' perceptions of English language learners (ELLs). It also examines the benefits and challenges of the service-learning project in which preservice teachers worked with ELLs individually or in groups in the elementary classroom. Through course artifacts and focus group interviews of 48 preservice teachers at a large Midwestern U.S. university, the impacts of service-learning as authentic practice with ELLs are discussed. Findings reveal that the experience reduced participant anxiety about working with diverse populations, provided opportunities for self-reflection, and promoted a sense of confidence and competence which led to professional growth for teacher candidates. This chapter concludes with recommendations for teacher educators interested in implementing service-learning in a teacher education program as well as directions for future research.
Integrating Case Study Methodology to Analyze Intra- and Inter-Institutional Comparisons of Service-Learning Within the Carnegie Community Engagement Classification Framework
Authors: Plante Jarrad D. , Cox Thomas D.
Published: February 2022

Service-learning has a venerable history in higher education and includes three pillars: community service, academic learning, and civic knowledge. An elective classification system by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching called the Carnegie Community Engagement Classification (CCEC) created a framework for higher education institutions for fidelity and accountability of community engagement. This chapter examines data from three different colleges and universities to understand the institutionalization of service-learning—a private teaching university, a private liberal arts college, and a public research university situated in the same metropolitan locale—offering varying approaches to completing the CCEC applications from the three vantage points. Using case study methodology, this chapter highlights intra- and inter-institutional comparisons of three institutions of higher learning to inform higher education institution administrators seeking to enhance service-learning experiences that benefit students, higher education practitioners, scholars in the higher education and service-learning fields, as well as community leaders.
The Disciplining and Professionalization of Community Engagement
Authors: Falk Audrey Faye , Willer Jamie
Published: February 2022

Efforts are underway to professionalize the field of community engagement and to build the discipline of community engagement. This work requires the articulation of the knowledge, skills, values, and ethical standards that distinguish community engagement from related fields. It also requires cross-sector collaboration and communication as well as valuing community engagement in different contexts. This chapter provides an overview of the Master's Program in Community Engagement at Merrimack College and has been written collaboratively by the director of the program and a student in the program. The authors contend that the disciplining and professionalization of community engagement requires the establishment of academic programs and departments which develop and disseminate knowledge. With the disciplining and professionalization of community engagement, the field will be better positioned to prepare community engagement practitioners equipped with the skills and expertise necessary to engage in communities in collaborative, respectful, and responsible ways.
Critical Service-Learning
Authors: Mthethwa-Sommers Shirley
Published: February 2022

Colleges and universities in the U.S. engage in service-learning in order to cultivate dispositions of empathy and civic engagement. This chapter draws from a Foundations of Education course in a historically and predominately White institution participating in service-learning in predominately Black and Latinx high schools. The purpose of the course was to teach about the legacy of state sponsored oppression, social justice education, and advocacy. The course provided theoretical frameworks to the practical knowledge and skills that students garnered from engagement in community schools. Data collected for research purposes were quantitative and qualitative. The results of the study show that service-learning can be a vehicle toward social justice education particularly in exposing oppressive structures and practices in urban schools.
Umuntu Ngumuntu Ngabantu (a Person is a Person Because of/or Through Others) and the Notion of Inclusive Education
Authors: Mlondo Nomusa
Published: February 2022

This chapter argues that challenges facing inclusive education in South Africa can be dealt with if the approach is rooted in the African philosophy of Ubuntu, a worldview expressed in South Africa's Nguni languages as “Umuntu ngumuntu ngabantu,” which is the title of this chapter. The expression means a person is a person through others. Although the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa and other related legislative frameworks advocate for education as a human right, the reality is that very few children with disabilities attend mainstream schools. They suffer exclusion due to prohibitive actualities like ill-equipped teachers, large classes, and lack of enabling resources. A lack of enforcement of applicable policies has led to discrimination on the basis of ability. For children with disabilities, the doors of learning are not yet open; these children are practically not “allowed” to attend mainstream schools. There is a need to replace Euro-centric education with Afro-centric education to promote the inclusion of all children.
Provisioning of Resources to Implement Effective Inclusive Education for Students With Disabilities
Authors: Dube Misheck
Published: February 2022

The importance of resources for inclusive education of learners with disabilities cannot be overemphasised. For inclusive education to be realised, the provision of resources for learners with disabilities remains cardinal. This chapter discusses the provisioning of resources for the effective implementation of inclusive education for learners with disabilities. In line with the ubuntu philosophy, legal and policy frameworks that help facilitate its implementation from international and local perspectives are presented. A discussion is provided of the important factors to be considered when allocating resources for the implementation of inclusive education. This chapter acknowledges the diversity of resources needed for inclusive education and an analytical view that these resources are contextualised varying across geographical contexts. Acknowledging the diversity of resources needed per context and circumstances at hand, efforts to facilitate inclusive education of learners with disabilities are discussed.
Evaluating Inclusive Education Frameworks Against African Value Systems
Authors: Ngobese Derick Horecious
Published: February 2022

The South African constitution proclaims the right of every citizen to an appropriate education regardless of gender, race, colour, or religion. The questions are: To what extent is the national government guaranteeing the right of 'every' citizen to an 'appropriate' education? What measures are in place at a national and local level to address imbalances in education against African values? This chapter examines the paradox or axiom of inclusive educational system framework to African value systems. It also examines the effects of implementation of inclusive education framework in relation to the broader social and political contexts to which the concept of African values has been applied in South Africa. More particular, this chapter proposes that the unique consequences of the marginalize African value should be enforced in the creation of the more inclusive education. There remains tension and a dilemma within the focus in changing the educational system framework to fit into existing systems and changing system to avoid African value and practice exclusion.
Gender Differences in Preferences and Proclivities for ICT Tools and Online Services
Authors: Yaokumah Winfred , Totimeh Fred , Kumah Peace
Published: February 2022

Gender essentialism is often used to excuse gender-based biases in the use of ICT tools and online services encouraging gender inequalities in opportunities for both males and females. This chapter aims at exploring ICT tools and online services currently being used by university students. The chapter investigates gender differences in preferences and proclivities for ICT tools and online services. Data collected from 618 university students were analyzed. The results show that males significantly differ in the use and preferences of ICT tools and devices (smart phones and tablets) from females. Conversely, females significantly differ in the use and preferences for online services (WhatsApp, text messaging, and library search engines) from males. The study also finds that smartphone and laptop computers are the most frequently used ICT tools and WhatsApp and Facebook are the most preferred online services. Gender studies in ICT to understand gender differences and proclivities are importance for policy direction towards an effort to bridge the gender gap.
Endurance of New Women in Corporate World Through Spiritualism
Authors: Ojha Jyotirmayee , Mishra Deepanjali
Published: February 2022

Spiritualism and feminism are an analogous track, for the most part now prevailing in today's corporate world. The corporate world is a proactive activity, but often the organisation reacts to events in the outside world that are hectic, filled with much alertness and work. The corporate world and communication activities are always initiated by the work ethics and individual personality. At the same time the corporate world, which is now very much entrusted with women employee and their faith, belief and conviction have moved towards outer existence or spirituality. Gender differences in spirituality and related traits are an assumed reality despite the lack of empirical information that directly compares women and men in corporate world due to the role of work and the platform of work that dealt in different terms and times.
In Need for More Tailored Feminist Stories in a Time of Crisis
Authors: Grünberg Laura Roxana
Published: February 2022

The chapter follows other attempts to explain the gender backlash within many of current societies. Revisiting some theoretical frames under circulation, and taking Romania as a lived case study, the author argues for the existence of two detached storytelling trends within feminism, which contribute to a crisis of communication, not of content. Academic feminism delivers sophisticated explanatory stories about the gender fatigues aspects, while activist feminism bets on more black and white, confrontational stories and practices. This communication crisis could be accountable for the gender backlash. It is not what feminists say, but how they say it that contributes to the impasse. Today there is a need for more inclusive feminist public stories targeting a wide-ranging society, adaptable to the new realities. Maybe, the author claims, with improved feminist storytellers, the activist feminism of the 21st century could be stronger and cool not only for feminists.
Prophylaxis in Action
Authors: Hayes Catherine , Graham Yitka N. H.
Published: February 2022

The empowerment of women as a consequence of the #MeToo initiative has undoubtedly impacted perpetrators, who are now at risk. It has also enabled an agenda for change that has visibly impacted the global workforce and placed a spotlight on the concept of authentic womanhood and the need for its protection. This is a prophylactic measure for the future, so other women who dedicate their lives to the service of others might not be subject to the violation and indignity in 21st Century workforces that has characterised generations of misogyny before them This chapter seeks to illuminate the contexts, settings, and experiences of women working at the front line of medical care and their interactions with colleagues, and is balanced by an illumination of their male counterparts and their reactions to these reported perceptions.
Spectrum of Neurodegeneration in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Rani Kirti
Published: February 2022

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is neurodevelopmental disorder which is characterized by lack of social behaviors and impaired non-verbal interactions that start early in childhood. It can also lead to progressive neurodegeneration like schizophrenia disorder, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and dementia. Genetic studies of ASD have confirmed the mutations that interfere with neurodevelopment in mother's womb through childhood and these mutations are further involved in synaptogenesis and axon motility. Crucial role of amygdala is found to be deficit in ASD individuals whose association cognition with nucleus accumbens lead to impaired social behaviors and cognitive stimulus. Educational and behavioral treatments are considered the key steps used for its management along with pharmacological and interventional therapies. In this chapter, the author presents the etiology of ASD, proof of neurodegeneration in ASD, as well as the clinical feature and the management of ASD.
A Framework of Childhood Obesity Prevention Through Game-Based Learning
Authors: Wang Yanzhen , Yatim Maizatul Hayati Mohamad
Published: February 2022

Childhood obesity is a global health issue that should be resolved in order to prevent obesity prolonged into adulthood. This chapter presents a framework of childhood obesity prevention through game-based learning among preschool children. A provisional framework was developed by adopting to the obesity treatment algorithm set by the National Institutes of Health. A mobile game titled Fight Obesity 2.0 was created to examine the validity of this provisional framework. The technical validity of the framework was checked through the International Age Rating Coalition, while the ecological validity was endorsed through interview conducted with pediatricians. The framework was revised based on the input of the validation processes. A set of guiding principles was prepared for medical professionals, game designers, preschool teachers, and parents who intend to use the revised framework of game-based childhood obesity prevention.
Media Consuming in Children
Authors: Köksalan Bahadir , Aldım Umit Ferit , Göğebakan Şahin
Published: February 2022

Media consuption is a term in “sociology” that describes the individuals that organize information on the basis of the use of produced goods, rather than on the axis of services and production. Mediums that fall under the scope of media consumption include radio, television, computer, mobile phones, newspaper, and magazine formats. The usage patterns and applications of these tools are internet, music, movies, games, etc. Among children between the ages of 5 and 8, those who do not use computers represent a small percentage of 10%. Even within this age group, a large majority know how to use computers. More than half of children under the age of 8 have played games and watched videos at least once via a smartphone, iPod, iPad or similar device. According to a US study, children spend about 9 hours a day on the screen. Besides this, despite all the options, listening to music and watching television for children and young people continue to be a favorite activity. This paper further explores the impact of media consumption on children's development.
Applications of Game Theory in a Blockchain-Based Healthcare Information System
Authors: Pal Kamalendu
Published: February 2022

Healthcare service providers are dependent on accurate information systems. Some crucial challenges are (1) improvement of patient caring services, (2) containing the deployment cost of information systems, and (3) avoiding any disturbances in its business processes at the time of data gathering and processing activities. Technological advancements are a significant driver of efficient healthcare information systems and services. By creating a rich healthcare-related data foundation and integrating technologies like the internet of things (IoT), blockchain technology, artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, and big data analytics, the digital transformation in healthcare is recognized as a pivotal component to tackle these challenges. For example, it can improve diagnostics, prevention, and patient therapy, ultimately empowering caregivers to use an evidence-based method to enhance clinical decision-making. Real-time interactions permit a physician to monitor a patient 'live' instead of interaction regularly (e.g., weekly, monthly). This way, healthcare operation can provide better services. However, the IoT system creates the risk of a sensitive data breach without a highly secure infrastructure. Blockchain technology improves the reliance on a centralized authority to certify information integrity and ownership and mediate transactions and exchange of digital assets. As a result, the mining process in the blockchain is very resource-intensive; hence, miners create coalition groups to cross-check each block of transactions in return for a reward. In addition, it creates enormous competition among miners, and consequently, dishonest mining strategies (e.g., block withholding attack, selfish mining, eclipse attack) need to be controlled. Consequently, it is necessary to regulate the mining process to make miners accountable for any dishonest mining behaviours; game theory can help regulate it. Finally, this chapter presents a survey of game theory used to address the common issues in the blockchain network.
Epidemiology and clinical profile of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients of Jamnagar, Gujarat
Authors: Mehta Manish N. , Vadhvana Sneha K. , Trivedi Ami H.
Published: February 2022

Backgrounds:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the epidemic of the 21st century.

Aims:

As our stressful and irregular lifestyle has ignited its incidence and prevalence. We have studied epidemiology of type 2 DM patients at Guru Govind Singh Government Hospital, Gujarat, India. Both outdoor patients and indoor patients having first time detected DM type 2 are enrolled for this study. we studied epidemiology of clinical profile of newly detected type 2 diabetes mellitus patients came to Guru Govind Government Hospital Jamnagar.

Materials and Methods:

We studied a total of 225 patients. All patients were examined thoroughly with consent for clinical features, past history, microvascular and macrovascular complications and general as well as systemic examination.

Results:

All patients are benefited as the complications of DM are picked up early and timely treated. Other than this, all patients were counselled and educated about DM and its complications and lifestyle modification.

Conclusion:

We found that DM type 2 is the most common in the middle age population of the urban area. Patients are having body mass index 25–30. Patients are also having other co-morbidity such as hypertension and ischaemic heart disease.
A rare case of post-COVID mucormycosis of the kidney
Authors: Tyagi Ankit , Gupta Manu , Mittal Aashita , Sengupta Arupparna
Published: February 2022

Post-COVID mucormycosis of the kidney is a rare phenomenon with only very few cases reported, worldwide. Among the various opportunistic fungal infections, mucormycosis is associated with the highest mortality. Here, we report a rare case of post-COVID–recovered right renal mucormycosis with emphysematous pyelonephritis with pulmonary mucormycosis. A 34-year-old male patient status post-COVID–recovered developed pain in the right lumbar region and, on evaluation, was found to have right renal mucormycosis with left pulmonary mucormycosis with sepsis and was not improving with amphotericin B and intravenous antibiotics. Decision was taken to proceed with surgery, and the patient underwent right open subcapsular nephrectomy along with left lobectomy. Biopsy report suggested it to be mucormycosis of the kidney with angioinvasion along with interstitial inflammation and granular casts in the tubules. This case highlights the possibility of mucormycosis involving the kidney in the recovery phase and the need of urgent nephrectomy in case of sepsis, especially if associated with emphysematous pyelonephritis.
The effect of using adjuvant aromatase inhibitors on cognitive functions in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer
Authors: Ilhan Rukiye Guler , Ilhan Yusuf , Goksu Sema Sezgin , Tatli Ali Murat , Coskun Hasan Senol
Published: February 2022

Introduction:

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are effective treatment options for both early-stage and advanced hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Because of AIs are used long term in adjuvant therapy, side effects are also very important. It is considered that AIs may affect cognitive functions by decreasing the level of estrogen in the brain. The purpose of our study is that evaluate the relationship between duration of treatment and cognitive functions in patients with breast cancer who use AIs in adjuvant therapy.

Methods:

Two-hundred patients diagnosed with breast cancer who were treated with AIs as adjuvant treatment were included. The patients were surveyed for demographic characteristics. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (SMMT) tests were performed to evaluate patients’ cognitive functions. The total scores of the tests and the orientation, short-time memory, visuospatial functions, attention, language, executive functions which are the MoCA subscales were evaluated separately. Patients were grouped as 0–6, 6–12, 12–24, 24–36, 36, and more months according to the duration of AIs using time.

Results:

The total MoCA and SMMT scores were affected by factors such as age, education level, and employment status. There was no relationship between duration of treatment and cognitive functions in patients with breast cancer who use AIs in adjuvant therapy (P > 0.05). In addition, no statistically relationship was found in the evaluation of MoCA subscales (P > 0.05).

Discussion:

Prolonged adjuvant treatment with AIs does not affect cognitive functions in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients.
Open-source Smartphone Adapter in Digital Photomicrography
Authors: Mondal Himel , Mondal Shaikat
Published: February 2022

Background and aim:

Smartphones can be used to capture images from the microscope. There are commercial and homemade adapters that can be used to overcome the difficulty of focusing on a smartphone camera. We conducted this study to test if the usage of a homemade adapter reduces the time and effort of the operator in comparison to the free-hand technique in smartphone photomicrography.

Materials and Methods:

We made a simple smartphone adapter for digital photomicrography. Thirty-two operators first captured the image on the smartphone with the free-hand technique and then with the adapter thrice from a microscope. The time for focusing was compared statistically by paired t-test. A survey was conducted to know operators's opinions on adapter-assisted photomicrography.

Result:

All the participants were able to capture images from the microscopes. The average time for focusing with adapter was (11.89 ± 4.19 seconds) significantly (P = 0.0001) lower than the free-hand technique (25.56±11.81 seconds). However, the images yielded from both techniques were of equal quality. The majority of the participant found the method to be easy and reduce their effort in focusing and capturing an image.

Conclusion:

Low-cost homemade smartphone adapter helps in reducing the time required for capturing an image from the microscope. It decreases the effort of the operator in comparison to the free-hand technique. Hence, it may be a good choice for those who need to capture images from the microscopes frequently for either telemedicine or research purpose in resource-limited settings.
Clinicoepidemiological Profile of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Authors: Sofi Mushtaq Ahmad , Mir Mohmad Hussain , Fatima Kaneez , Andleeb Asifa , Siraj Farhana , Dar Nazir Ahmad
Published: February 2022

Background:

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a relatively rare tumor mostly involving head and neck region of the body. Due to lack of high-quality evidence, optimal treatment is still controversial and continues to evolve over time.

Aim and Objectives:

To analyze the clinicoepidemiological profile of ACC in Kashmir.

Materials and Methods:

Data of 30 patients, who were treated in the Regional Cancer Center at She-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed University, Srinagar) between January 2015 and December 2019, were reviewed with respect to their demographic and clinical profile.

Results:

The study included 30 patients with ACC. The mean age at presentation was 55 ± 12.15 years. There were 10 (33.3%) males and 20 (66.6%) females. Among salivary gland ACC s, sublingual gland (06/30, 20%) was the most common site followed by parotid gland (05/30, 16.7%). Nonhead and neck primary ACC cases were reported from lung (6.7%) and breast (6.7%). Majority of the patients presented in stage-III (43.3). Only 5 patients presented with distant metastasis. All patients were subjected to surgery. Adjuvant radiotherapy was given in 18 patients (60%). Three patients received all three modalities (surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy). The overall one year survival was 96%. However, the mean & median survivals reported were 24 & 18 months respectively. Surgery with negative surgical margin is the first choice of treatment for the patients with ACC. Our findings show that the prognosis of patients with ACC in our center is comparable to other parts of country.

Conclusion:

ACC has locally aggressive behavior. Adjuvant radiotherapy improves local control in locally advanced disease. Longer follow-up is mandatory in view of incidence of late metastasis.
Radiation exposure among anesthetist, orthopedic surgeon, and scrub nurse in orthopedic operation theater complex
Authors: Tandale Sushama Raghunath , Gavali Yogesh , Naik Sanyogita , Chandanwale Ajay , Kelkar Kalpana Vinod , Kelkar Vidya S. , Pandit Savita
Published: February 2022

Background and Aims:

Orthopedic operation theater staff is exposed to primary and scattered radiation during various fluoroscopy-assisted operative procedures during their routine working hours. This exposure is associated with significant health hazard. This prospective study is designed primarily to determine the level of radiation exposure among them and to compare it with the current safety guidelines and secondarily to measure the cumulative scattered radiation exposure inside operation theater complex.

Subjects and Methods:

Total 15 thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were used during the study. Seven TLDs were used per team and per procedure at designated position. Participating staff were instructed to use personal protective equipment and to wear the TLDs at all times during their study period. TLDs were analyzed at the end of 6 months.

Results:

The mean value of radiation exposure of anesthesia machine, orthopedic surgeon, anesthetist with TLD above lead apron, anesthetist with TLD below lead apron, and scrub nurse was 0.05, 1.85, 0.1, 0, and 0.625 mSv units, respectively. The highest individual values for orthopedic surgeon, anesthetist with TLD above the lead apron, and scrub nurse were 2.75, 0.1, and 0.7 mSv units, respectively. All these readings were within permissible limit.

Conclusions:

If standard safety precautions were followed, cumulative ionizing radiation exposure to participating staff as well as scattered radiation exposure within operation theater complex is minimal and within permissible limit. Routine personal dosimetric monitoring is desirable in staff working with fluoroscopy-guided procedure along with the use of personal protective equipment. Periodic training on radiation risk and protection should be conducted for them to heighten the awareness.