bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategi Pengembangan Program Pemberdayaan Usaha Mikro Dan Kecil Melalui Pembiayaan Usaha Syariah Di Kota Mojokerto
Authors: Budiantoro Risanda Alirastra , Larasati Pradipta Puspita , Herianingrum Sri
Published: December 2018

In business practices, micro and small businesses (SMEs) have several internal and external problems, such as difficulties in capital. These problems also occur in SMEs in Mojokerto. To solve this SME problem, several stakeholders in Mojokerto collaborated to create a Sharia Financing Program (Pusyar) on the basis of a Murabahah contract. The implementation of this program has been running for approximately five years, since the memorandum of understanding was signed by the Badan Amil Zakat Nasional Kota Mojokerto, PT. BPRS Kota Mojokerto, Dinas Koperasi Perindustrian dan Perdagangan (Diskoperindag) dan Masyarakat Ekonomi Syariah (MES) in 2013. During this time, the amount of budget allocation and realization, and the number of beneficiaries of the Pusyar program has increased, so basically the Pusyar financing program is needed by SMEs to survive the existing business competition. The renewal of this study, describes the Pusyar program model as a whole and formulates a development strategy by strengthening the roles and responsibilities of the stakeholders involved. Therefore, the aim of this study will be to examine more deeply in formulating the right development strategy of the SME empowerment program through the Pusyar financing program, so that the usefulness of this program can increase. The hope of the study result can be used as a reference for other local governments or the central government to apply this Pusyar program in the future.
STEM Alanları Bilim İnsanlarının Fen, Matematik, Mühendislik ve Teknoloji Arasındaki İlişkiler Hakkında İnançları: STEM için Pedagojik bir Çerçeve
Authors: KILINÇ Ahmet , DEMİRBAĞ Mehmet , YILMAZ Şirin
Published: December 2018

STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics – Fen, Teknoloji, Mühendislik, Matematik) son dönemde hem Türkiye hem de dünyada eğitimsel platformlar için gündeme gelmiş bir kısaltmadır. STEM eğitimi ise Amerika’da STEM alanlarındaki iş gücünün azalması ile endüstri liderleri tarafından Amerikalı eğitimcilerin önüne konulan bir eğitim reformudur. Öte yandan Türkiye’de bu eğitim Fen öğretim programlarına dahil edilmeye başlanmıştır. Gerek çıkış noktalarının benzemezliği gerekse de bu eğitim kapsamında içerik, kazanım ve hedefler noktasında nasıl bir eğitimin yapılması gerektiğinin meçhul olması Türkiye örneklemi için önemli problemlerdir. Bu noktada bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de STEM alanlarında öncü bilim insanlarının Fen, Matematik, Mühendislik ve Teknoloji arasındaki ilişkiler hakkındaki inançlarını ortaya çıkarmak ve bu inançları kullanarak Post-normal Bilim (PNB) kapsamında STEM için pedagojik bir çerçeve oluşturmaktır. Bu kapsamda Türkiye’de STEM alanlarındaki bilimsel faaliyetleri ile öne çıkan bir üniversite seçilmiş ve bu üniversitede STEM alanlarından birinde uzman olan 17 bilim insanı ile yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Görüşmelerde Fen, Matematik, Mühendislik ve Teknolojinin tanımları, bunların birbirleriyle ve toplumla olan ilişkileri ve bu alanlarda etiğin önemi üzerine sorular sorulmuştur. Verilerin içerik analizleri sonrasında PNB kapsamında STEM’in pedagojik bir çerçeveye oturtulabileceği ve bu çerçevenin beş temel parçadan oluştuğu gözlenmiştir. Bunlar 1) Fen, Matematik, Mühendislik ve Teknoloji tanımları, 2) Fen, Matematik, Mühendislik, Teknoloji ve Toplum ilişkileri, 3) Ortak yanlar, farklılıklar ve birbirlerinden yararlanma, 4) Post-normal sorunun kanıta dayalı olarak cevaplanması ve 5) Etik boyutlardır.
The Tradition of Madurese Wedding Ceremony: Islamic Law and Local Tradition within the Framework of Maqāṣīd al-Sharī’a
Authors: Ghufron M.
Published: December 2018

This study explores the encounters of Islamic law and local culture in the wedding ceremony in the villages on Madura, which have been influenced by the former kingdom in the eastern part of the island. This tradition for the village community members is so pivotal that ignoring it is tantamount to inviting calamity. This study applies the theory of Maqāṣīd al-Sharī’a and liminality of life-cycle by Arnold van Gennep. The ceremony includes several steps, starting from the parade of the groom with his envoy into the bride’s house up to the blessing to the newly married couple. Focusing primarily on two precessions in the wedding ceremony, namely ngiddhe 'tellor sampek bhesa (stemping the eggs until they break) and mengghar bhalabhar (opening rope), this study reveals that these processions mark a new phase in the life-cycle of the couple and entails symbols of meaning. Through the ceremony, the couple experiences separation and inclusion into a new chapter in their life. Because the tradition realizes happiness and fortune and dispells evil for both the couples and their exended family in general, it implies that the tradition also aims to implement the highest objective and principles of Islamic law.
The Meaning of Care for Veterans
Authors: Cohen Marlene Z. , Struwe Leeza , Fletcher Barbara Swore , Kingston Eileen , Bockman Tammy , Shimerdla Deborah , Harrington Richard , Robino-West Sharon , Ganti Apar Kishor
Published: December 2018

Experiences of care shape the meaning of experience with health-care providers and are important to understand as they are related to quality of care. This hermeneutic phenomenological study describes the meaning of veterans’ experiences in a Veterans Administration (VA) hospital from analyses of interviews with 20 veterans. Caring is at the heart of what veterans valued. Veterans linked communicating, following up, and using specialized knowledge with caring. Veterans’ military and medical histores are complex and require specialized knowledge, care, and skills. Education and interventions that promote caring as perceived by veterans will improve the quality of care.
The Contributing Individuals in Developing Caring Behaviors of Nursing Students: The Focus Group Finding
Authors: Kuntarti Kuntarti , Yetti Krisna , Novieastari Enie
Published: December 2018

Caring behavior as a core competence of nursing students should be developed during the educational period. This study aimed to explore nursing students’ experiences in developing their caring behavior during nursing education. The study employed focus group discussions involving seven nursing students enrolled in the 3rd, 5th, and 9th semesters, and recent graduates of the baccalaureate nursing program in Indonesian. Data were analyzed using concept analysis with Colaizzi’s model. The results showed that besides their parents, the peer group was the most significant contributor to the development of their caring behaviors, followed by lecturers, senior students, nurses, and their patients. This study recommended that the faculty engage peer groups, senior students, and lecturers in the mentoring program to cultivate a caring culture among nursing students and measure the effectiveness of the program to change nursing students’ caring behaviors.
Ethical Leadership in a New Light: As Described by Leaders in Public Healthcare
Authors: Hemberg Jessica , Syrén Johanna , Hemberg Håkan
Published: December 2018

The aim of this study was to reveal a deeper understanding of ethical leadership from a caring science perspective through the views of nurse leaders. Latent content analysis was used to analyze the data material. The data material consisted of texts from interviews with nursing leaders in Finland, all working in public healthcare in a nursing context. One main category and three subcategories were found. True charitability and integrity in a nurse leader foster ethics. The maintenance of ethics is a never-ending process that requires willingness and positive and holistic action. Further research should focus on investigating ethics from additional angles.
Cultivating Knowing and Relationships: Nursing Assistants’ Interactions With Residents Receiving Palliative Care
Authors: Trotta Rebecca L. , Boltz Marie , Happ Mary Beth , Strumpf Neville
Published: December 2018

Nursing home residents are among the most vulnerable members of society. The literature emphasizes promotion of personhood, dignity, and comfort—dimensions that fall within the purview of the certified nursing assistant (CNA). Little is known about how CNAs approach caring for a dying resident. This grounded theory study explored CNA–resident interactions for residents receiving palliative care. The theory “Cultivating Knowing and Relationships” emerged, which represents a social–psychological process of how CNAs capitalize on reciprocity and achievement of gratification to develop personal relationships with residents and maintain personhood and dignity through death. These findings underscore CNAs’ significant role in enhancing quality.
A Tarot Reading of Nursing: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Watson Jean
Published: December 2018

This article is based upon a graduation speech, delivered as final commencement address as Dean of Nursing. It is offered here as historic, prophetic, playful exploration of the “tarot” with its ancient, timeless, hidden messages for nursing, past, present, and the future. The tarot is known for its symbolic, nonlinear aspects of consciousness, which perhaps can offer new insights.
Effects of post-bloom low light and girdling on fruit set of Vitis vinifera (L.) cv. ‘Riesling’ and Vitis labruscana (L.) cv. ‘Concord’
Authors: Intrigliolo Diego S. , Mirás-Avalos José Manuel , Lakso Alan N.
Published: December 2018

Aim: In grapevines, similarly to many woody crops, berry set is a crucial determinant for vine productivity. We reduced vine carbohydrate supply through shading and preventing phloem flow by girdling to investigate the effects on fruit set and berry weight, in field-grown ‘Concord’ (Vitis labruscana L.) and ‘Riesling’ (Vitis vinifera L.) grapevines.Methods and results: Carbon supply to the fruit was manipulated by shading (30% light transmissivity) individual shoots or shading and girdling. Girdling isolated the shoot and its fruit from possible carbohydrate supply from the rest of the vine. Shading was accomplished by covering shoots with a woven strip of shade cloth for four consecutive days in the period between flowering and 28 (‘Concord’) or 16 (‘Riesling’) days after flowering. The percentage of fruit set was calculated from estimated flower numbers using a photographic method and actual berry counts.Conclusions: In both ‘Concord’ and ‘Riesling’, short-time shading caused reductions in fruit set, although this effect was more severe in ‘Concord’. Both species were most sensitive to reductions in carbon supply during the period between 5 and 12 days after flowering. In ‘Concord’ vines, the effects caused by shading were greater with girdling probably because ‘Concord’ vines had higher crop level. Significance and impact of the study: The results can be used as basis for modelling fruit set in grapevines.
LİYAKAT TEMELLİ BÜROKRASİ: KORE KAMU SINAVLARI (GWAGEO) (958-1894) - THE MERIT-BASED BUREAUCRACY: THE CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION (GWAGEO) IN KOREA (958-1894)
Authors: KAÇER Murat
Published: December 2018

Günümüzde devlet dâhil modern örgütlerin en belirgin yönü her türlü istihdamın liyakat ve ehliyet ekseninde olmasıdır. Geleneksel toplumlarda ise irsiyet ve statü ekseninde hükümdarlar, kendi akrabaları, yakın arkadaşları ve kendine yakın tebaası arasından istediği kişileri görevlendirmiş, bu kişileri istediği zaman da görevden uzaklaştırmıştır. Çin’de 6. yüzyıldan itibaren uygulanan bürokrasi sınavları ise bu gelenekte önemli bir istisnadır. Kore’de Çin’deki sınav sisteminin etkisiyle 958 yılında Koryo Hanedanlığı döneminde uygulanan ve 1894 yılında kaldırılmasına kadar 936 yıl devam eden Gwageo sınav sistemi de bu istisnai geleneğin bir parçası ve liyakat eksenli bürokrasi modelinin ilk ve erken dönem örneklerinden birisidir. Bu çalışmada Kore’de uygulanan ve Gwageo denilen bürokrasi sınavları ele alınmıştır. Türkiye’de, bilindiği kadarıyla, bu sınav sistemini inceleyen herhangi bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın bu yönüyle özelde Kore, genel olarak Doğu Asya alanındaki çalışmalara bir katkı sağlaması hedeflenmektedir.
Giant Cecal Lipoma Causing Intussusception
Authors: Aslaner Arif , Çakır Tuğrul , Eyvaz Kemal , Kazan Murat Kazım
Published: December 2018

Colonic lipomas are usually seen as small dimensions in the cecum and ascending colon of elderly women. Many of colon lipomas are asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally during endoscopy or surgery. As diameter increases it can cause symptoms such as bleeding, obstruction or intussusceptions. 53 years old female patient was admitted to the emergency department with ongoing intermittent abdominal pain more significantly over the past year with nausea and vomiting. On routine physical examinations more pronounced abdominal tenderness and rebound was observed in the right lower quadrant. At blood count leucocytosis was measured as 15,300. Other biochemical parameters were normal. Air-fluid levels were detected on abdominal graphy, bowel dilatation and a mass of 7x5x4 cm in diameters in cecum, compatible with lipoma reported by ultrasound and computed tomography,The  patientunderwent laparotomy the mass which cause the lumen almost completely obstructed was palpated in the cecum with proximal bowel dilatation. A right hemicolectomy and ileotransversostomy was performed. Histopathologic examination of the resected specimen was reported as lipoma consisting of grossly compatible with yellow microscopic fatty cells. On the fifth postoperative day the patient was discharged uneventfully without any complaints and complications. We report a case of giant cecal lipoma causing intussusseption who admitted to our clinic and discharged successfully.
Low Anterior Resection of Rectal Cancer and Vaginal Specimen Extraction with Da Vinci Xi
Authors: Çakır Tuğrul , Aslaner Arif
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Novel robotic surgery systems (da Vinci Xi) are superior to classical open and laparoscopic techniques with its clear and three-dimensional view. We aimed to present the first case low anterior resection of rectal cancer and vaginal specimen extraction with Da Vinci Xi.Case: A 75-year-old female patient with rectum adenocarcinoma was undergone robotic-assisted low anterior resection (LAR) of the rectum, vaginal removal of the specimen, colorectal anastomosis and loop ileostomy. The operation time was 190 minutes. There were no postoperative complications. Pathological tumor stage was stage pT1N0 with negative proximal, distal and radial resection margins. The patient was discharged on the third postoperative day.Conclusion: Robot-assisted LAR, total mesorectal excision, vaginal removal of the specimen, colorectal anastomosis, and loop ileostomy can be performed easily and safely with Da Vinci Xi at early stage rectal cancer. And the vaginal extraction of the specimen avoids us from a traditional abdominal incision.
Relationship between Pore Structure and Chloride Ion Diffusivity in Cementitious Materials
Authors: Sakai Yuya
Published: December 2018

In this study, literature on pore structure and chloride ion diffusivity was collected to investigate the correlation of pore structure indicators with diffusivity. Good correlation between total porosity and chloride ion diffusivity was found when the samples did not contain admixture materials and diffusion test was conducted without acceleration. Pore diameter indicators did not correlate with diffusivity. The diffusivity of cement paste was reduced by admixture materials compared to that without admixture materials even if the total porosity is the same. On the other hand, the diffusivity of concrete was not reduced by admixture materials.
Deep Learning for Joint MIMO Detection and Channel Decoding
Authors: Wang Taotao , Zhang Lihao , Liew Soung Chang
Published: December 2018

We propose a deep-learning approach for the joint MIMO detection and channel decoding problem. Conventional MIMO receivers adopt a model-based approach for MIMO detection and channel decoding in linear or iterative manners. However, due to the complex MIMO signal model, the optimal solution to the joint MIMO detection and channel decoding problem (i.e., the maximum likelihood decoding of the transmitted codewords from the received MIMO signals) is computationally infeasible. As a practical measure, the current model-based MIMO receivers all use suboptimal MIMO decoding methods with affordable computational complexities. This work applies the latest advances in deep learning for the design of MIMO receivers. In particular, we leverage deep neural networks (DNN) with supervised training to solve the joint MIMO detection and channel decoding problem. We show that DNN can be trained to give much better decoding performance than conventional MIMO receivers do. Our simulations show that a DNN implementation consisting of seven hidden layers can outperform conventional model-based linear or iterative receivers. This performance improvement points to a new direction for future MIMO receiver design.
Socioeconomic Consequences of Somalis’ Immigration on Security of South Africa
Authors: Siraki Garineh Keshishyan
Published: December 2018

Nowadays one of the issues interesting for researchers of political, social, and economic sciences is to investigate immigration from different angles. Accordingly, they use a diverse range of instruments, different types of graphs, descriptive indices and complex mathematical models. Immigration has always been one of the paths helping humans in their own efforts for getting compatible with the environment and coping with difficulties. Nevertheless, if this issue has been considered as an instrument regulating resources and species automatically, in the present era, its negative aspects have been evident and socioeconomic consequences of immigration in the framework of development economy and security has attracted scholars’ attentions. One of the countries attracting for immigrants particularly in the continent of Africa is South Africa. Statistics indicates that this country is the most attractive one for refugees. Somalis are one of the most important and largest groups seeking refuge in South Africa because they are usually merchants who earn money in the poor places. However, business in the poor places endangers their lives and properties because of high rate of crimes and xenophobia. As a result, the target countries face a lot of socioeconomic and security problems. The present study tries to investigate the issue of Somali immigration using network models.
The Potential Effect of Developed Reader Response Strategy-Based Mobile Reading for Students’ Establishing Character and Comprehension Achievement
Authors: Inderawati Rita , Agusta Okky Leo , Sitinjak Mgrt. Dinar
Published: December 2018

Mobile learning is nowadays utilized by educators to meet the students’ mode of learning in this digital era. This current study’s objective is to develop the mobile learning of reading based reader response strategy for comprehension achievement and character establishment of the eleventh grade students of SMAN 4 Lubuklinggau with 29 student. By employing development research with Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) research design , reading test material was delivered to determine the potential effect of  students. The result of the study were: the developed product for reading material was effective by showing 26 students (89.65%) out of 29 students achieved the minimum mastery criterion (70) and the students’ answers showed students’ moral knowing and moral feeling in relation to the character building. In term of moral knowing, it showed that students comprehension about moral value inside texts. Students were able to put themselves in moral knowing stage of character building. Besides, the students expressed what they felt and what should they do if they should face the condition.
Correlation Between Refractive Amblyopic Eye Recovery Speed and High-Order Aberration: A High-Order Aberration Amblyopia Recovery Deviation (HARD) pilot study
Authors: Liu Chun-Fu , Tseng Chung-Hsin , Huang Chung-Ying , Sun Chi-Chin , Yeung Ling , Yang Meng-Ling
Published: December 2018

Background: High-order aberration (HOA) may influence visual quality, therefore, we conduced a study to determine the correlation between best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) recovery speed and high-order aberration (HOA) parameters measured using a new-generation aberrometer.
Methods: This is a prospective case series. Children aged 3–7 years with refractive amblyopic eyes (Snellen equivalent < 0.8) were recruited. All participants were followed for at least 6 months after full correction of the refraction error. By using iDesign, the BCVA and the HOA were measured before cycloplegia and after cycloplegia (baseline) and at 3-month intervals. Next, the correlation between BCVA recovery speed after 6 months and mean HOA parameters was determined. The participants were divided into two groups according to BCVA recovery speed to compare the HOA parameters.
Results: We analyzed 24 eyes of 12 children [mean age, 4.46 years (range, 3–6)]. Baseline mean BCVA was logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) 0.335 (Snellen equivalent 0.46), which improved to logMAR 0.193 (Snellen equivalent 0.64) after treatment with full-correction spectacles for 6 months. The amblyopic eye recovery speed was significantly correlated with the tetrafoil value before cycloplegia (p = 0.045). The fast recovery group also showed significantly lower tetrafoil values before cycloplegia.
Conclusion: Some HOA parameters measured using the new-generation high-order aberrometer could predict the recovery speed of refractive amblyopic eyes. The current study results may aid in designing customizable HOA-corrected contact lens for refractory refractive amblyopic eyes.
YÖNETİMDE İSTİKRAR ARAYIŞI EKSENİNDE İTALYA’NIN SEÇİM SİSTEMİ REFORMLARI
Authors: ARIKAN Cengiz , ALTUNSU Onur
Published: December 2018

Seçim,
günümüz temsili demokrasilerinin vazgeçilmez unsurudur. Halkın adına karar
alacak temsilciler seçim yoluyla belirlenir. Temsilcileri belirleme süreci ve
ülkedeki iktidar yapısı, tercih edilen seçim sistemine göre farklılaşır. Bu
nedenle, diğer hükümet sistemlerinin yanı sıra, iktidarı elde etme ve kullanma
bakımından yasama çoğunluğuna sahip olmayı gerektiren parlamenter sistemlerde
seçim sistemi çok önemlidir. Son dönemde hükümet istikrarsızlıkları ile anılan
İtalya, güçlü ve istikrarlı iktidarlar yaratmak adına bir dizi seçim kanunu
reformu yoluna gitmiştir. Reform sürecinin başlangıcından günümüze kadar farklı
adlarla anılan dört yasa değişikliği yapılmıştır. Bu değişikler; 1993 yılında
yapılan Mattarellum, 2005 yılında yapılan Porcellum, 2014 yılında yapılan
Italicum ve 2017 yılında yapılan Rosatellum’dur. İtalyan Anayasa Mahkemesinin
verdiği iptal kararları da süreç içerisinde etkili olmuştur. İtalyan yasama
organı, son iki seçim yasasını (Italicum ve Rosatellum)  Anayasa Mahkemesinin verdiği iptal
kararlarından sonra yürürlüğe koymak zorunda kalmıştır. Son yirmi beş yılda
hukuki ve siyasi etkenler tarafından ivme kazandırılan bu süreçte henüz
istenilen sonuca ulaşılamamıştır. Bu çalışmada İtalya’da devam eden değişim
süreci detaylı olarak analiz edilmiştir.
Does business cycle matter in bank-firm relationships to overcome under-over-investment?
Authors: Hindrayani Aniek , Tandelilin Eduardus , Husnan Suad , Wayan Nuka Lantara I
Published: December 2018

Considering that bank does not always perform its functions to overcome financial constraints and to monitor the company’s financial activities, this study aims to examine the role of bank-firm relationships in the effect of internal finance on investment based on the business cycle. The testing stages started with testing the effect of internal finance on investment, testing the role of bank-firm relationships in the effect of internal finance to investment, and testing the role of bank-firm relationships based on the business cycles. Non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange make the sample of this study, while the data used are the financial statements for the period of 2002 – 2015 sourced from Osiris database. Hypotheses were tested using unbalanced panel regression. The results showed that internal finance has a positive effect on investment. The bank-firm relationships play a significant role in the effect of internal finance on the investment. In the growing companies, bank-firm relationships reduce underinvestment, and in mature companies, bank-firm relationships reduce overinvestment significantly. This study implies that banks run their role in helping to meet the needs of the internal financing. Companies with strong bank-firm relationships reduce the problem of underinvestment and asymmetric information. They also reduce the problem of overinvestment and agency of free cash flow. Banks perform their role in monitoring the financing activities of the mature companies.
The efficiency of electronic public procurement system in Ukraine
Authors: Shkolnyk Inna , Bukhtiarova Alina , Horobets Ludmyla
Published: December 2018

Public procurement has been the subject of research for a long time in the work of scientists from both the economically developed countries and those undergoing the transformation of public finances. Their research comes from different points of view, namely from the essence of the definition, the process of their conduct, the problems of the legislative framework to their effective implementation. In addition, the issue of electronic public procurement, which can greatly enhance the transparency of this process and reduce the level of corruption inherent in this area in all countries without any exception, is becoming increasingly relevant in recent times.Based on the conducted analysis, the article proposes the definition of the term of public procurement, defines the principles of public procurement as a controlled subject in the electronic environment of their conduct, and systematizes the basic indicators characterizing the effectiveness of public procurement. Based on the Granger causality method, an analysis of efficiency was performed and the basic indicators determining the level of savings in the public procurement system were determined. It is established that the use of Granger causality in changing the amount of savings in the system of public procurement gives only a quantitative characteristic. For a more complete picture quantitative analysis is supplemented with qualitative parameters.
THE ENDOVASCULAR PREVENTION OF THROMBOEMBOLISM IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Al-Ayyubi Rami N. , Merkulov Evgeny V. , Tereschenko Andrey S. , Pevzner Dmitry V. , Zhukova Natalia S. , Samko Anatoly N. , Guchaev Ruslan V.
Published: December 2018

The article dwells upon the various strategies for prevention of thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation. The main focus is put on the endovascular strategies for prevention of tromboembolism. In recent years, the endovascular strategies for the prevention of thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation, who have contraindications to oral anticoagulant therapy, are increasingly gaining popularity and find evidence of its safety for the prevention of thromboembolism. The patients with AF with a high risk of bleeding is the most interesting category for studying. The large studies confirm the effectiveness of non-drug prevention of thromboembolic events as compared to the anticoagulant therapy in these patients.
IDARUCIZUMAB, A SPECIFIC REVERSAL AGENT FOR DABIGATRAN: THE PRESENT-DAY KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Shakhmatova Olga O.
Published: December 2018

Idaruzizumab (Praxbind©) is a specific reversal agent for dabigatran, which is a humanized Fab fragment of a monoclonal antibody. Immediately after administration, the drug binds to dabigatran and its metabolites, inhibiting 99% of the anti-coagulant activity of dabigatran from the very first minutes. In most cases, after the administration of two doses of idaruzizumab, 2.5 mg each, the anticoagulant effect of dabigatran is inhibited for 24 hours. The drug is safe, has no prothrombotic action on its own. The evidencebase administration of idarucizumab is supported by the open prospective cohort REVERSE-AD study. The study showed that idaruzizumab effectively inhibits the anticoagulant effect of dabigatran in patients with life-threatening bleeding, as well as in patients who required emergency invasive intervention. This study is characterized by the absence of a placebo group, which makes it possible to make only indirect evaluation of the clinical efficacy of this drug. The absence of the placebo group was due to ethical concerns that did not allow the investigators to leave patients with life-threatening conditions without a specific reversal agent for dabigatran. So far, several small series of clinical cases have been published, describing the use of idarucizumab in actual practice. In addition to official indications for the use of the drug, its use as a step to thrombolysis in patients receiving dabigatran has been described. The leading experts of cardiological communities believe that existing experience in using idaruzizumab is sufficient to recommend its use in patients with life-threatening bleeding on the top of already administered dabigatran therapy along with general measures aimed at eliminating the source of bleeding and maintaining hemodynamics.
EARLY PRESCRIPTION OF PLATELET P2Y12 RECEPTOR INHIBITORS TO PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME: A BENEFIT OR A HARM?
Authors: Shakhnovich Roman M.
Published: December 2018

Double antiplatelet therapy, which includes aspirin and platelet P2Y12 receptor inhibitors (hereinafter P2Y12 inhibitor) is the main component of treatment and secondary prevention after ACS. In recent years, the issue of determining whether it is expedient for P2Y12 inhibitors to be early prescribed to patients with ACS – prior to coronary angiography, when coronary anatomy is unknown – has been widely debated. The review provides comprehensive up-to-date information on this topic based on data from randomized trials, registers, and official clinical guidelines.
Nemlendirme-Nem Almalı Bir Damıtma Sisteminde Güneş Enerjisi Kullanımının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KARA Osman , ÇERÇİ K. Neyfel , HÜRDOĞAN Ertaç
Published: December 2018

Günümüzde hızla azalan temiz su kaynakları, yeryüzünde yaşayan canlıları ve çevreyi olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Temiz su kaynaklarının azalmasında belli başlı sebepler bulunmaktadır. Bu sebeplerden bazıları, dünyanın farklı bölgelerinde oluşan küresel ısınmanın etkisi, dünyada artan nüfusla birlikte su kullanımındaki yanlışlıklar, tarım ve sanayi sektörlerindeki su kaynakların etkin bir şekilde kullanılmamasıdır. Öncelikli olarak mevcut temiz su kaynaklarının verimli ve bilinçli bir şekilde kullanması insanoğlu için en önemli hedef olmalıdır. Dünya üzerindeki su rezervlerinin çok büyük bir oranının tatlı olmayan sulardan (deniz suyu) oluşması, damıtma sistemlerinin önemini ortaya koymakta ve damıtma teknolojilerinin gelişimini her geçen gün artırmaktadır. Bu teknolojilerden en basit ve en yaygın kullanılanı nemlendirme-nem almalı damıtma (HDH) sistemleridir. Bu çalışmada, HDH teknolojisi çalışma prensibine dayalı güneş enerji destekli ve toprak kaynaklı ısı değiştiricili bir damıtma sistemi tasarlanmıştır. Sistemin ana elemanları; nemlendirme (su kulesi) ve nem alma (yoğuşturucu) ünitesi, güneş kolektörleri, ısı değiştiricileri, pompalar ve fandır. Ele alınan sistemin detaylı termodinamik analizlerini yapabilmek için bir model oluşturulmuş ve Fortran Programlama Dili kullanılarak sistemde bulunan tüm noktaların özellikleri analitik olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, güneş enerjisinin tasarlanan sistemin performansına etkisi araştırılmış ve sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir.
Lojistik Regresyon Analizi ile Bir Yeraltı Metal Madeninde Gürültüye Bağlı İşitme Kayıplarının İncelenmesi
Authors: ÖNDER Seyhan
Published: December 2018

Madencilik sektörü, içerdiği riskler açısından değerlendirildiğinde diğer sektörlere göre, çalışanlarının meslek hastalıkları yaşama olasılığı oldukça yüksek olan bir iş koludur. Meslek hastalıklarının tümüyle önlenebilmesi için, oluşum koşullarının belirlenmesi ve önleyici tedbirlerin alınması gereklidir. Bu çalışmada, yeraltı üretim yöntemi ile işletilen bir metal madeni işletmesinde, gürültü düzeyleri ile gürültüye bağlı işitme kayıplarının arasındaki ilişki lojistik regresyon analizi ile incelenmiştir. Gürültüye bağlı işitme kaybı üzerinde etkisi olan parametreler; çalışanların maruz kaldıkları gürültü düzeyleri, ortamdaki gürültü düzeyleri, meslek grupları, yaş ve deneyim süreleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, işitme kaybında en etkili olan parametreler belirlenmiştir.
Yabancı Algoritmasının Saldırgan Olmayan Seçim Yöntemlerine Uygulanması
Authors: ORAL Mustafa , GENÇAL Mashar Cenk
Published: December 2018

Optimizasyon problemlerinde sıklıkla kullanılan yöntemlerden biri olan Genetik algoritmalar, rassallıktan yararlanarak, aranan optimum nokta için en uygun bireyleri seçerler. Böylelikle, her bir tekrarlamada en uygun bireyleri seçerek, optimum noktayı bulmayı ya da optimum değere yaklaşmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bundan dolayı, genetik algoritmaların etkili bir biçimde çalışması için iyi bir seçim yöntemine sahip olmak algoritmanın başarımı açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, önceden sunmuş olduğumuz Yabancı seçim yönteminin iyileştirilmesidir. Sunulan iyileştirilmiş algoritmanın performansı, önceden sunulmuş olan Saldırgan seçim yöntemleri, Saldırgan olmayan seçim yöntemleri ve Yabancı seçim yöntemi ile yaygın olarak kullanılan seçim yöntemlerinden; rulet tekeri, doğrusal sıralama ve turnuva metotlarının performansları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Sunulan iyileştirilmiş algoritmanın, kıyaslanan algoritmalar üzerinde bariz üstünlüğü gözlemlenmiştir.
Tutak (Ağrı) Volkanitlerinin Jeokimyası ve Petrolojisi: Amfibolce Zengin Granat Peridotitin Kısmi Ergimesi
Authors: OYAN Vural
Published: December 2018

Türkiye’nin kuzeydoğusunda yer alan Pliyosen yaşlı Tutak volkanitleri, Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde çarpışmayla ilişkili en önemli bazaltik platolardan biridir. Volkanik ürünler bazaltik bileşime sahiptirler ve alkali-subalkali ayrım çizgisi üzerine iz düşerler. Bazaltik kayaçların tamamı olivin, piroksen, plajiyoklaz ve opak mineral fenokristalleri ve mikrolitlerinden oluşur ve intersertal, subofitik ve akma dokuları sergilerler. Fraksiyonel kristallenme ve EC-AFC (enerjiye bağımlı fraksiyonel kristallenme, ile birleşik asimilasyon) modelleri Tutak volkanitlerinin evriminde fraksiyonel kristallenme ve kıtasal kirlenmenin önemli rol oynadıklarına işaret eder. En az evrimleşmiş (yüksek MgO içerikli lavlar) bazaltik örneklerinin düşük 143Nd/144Nd ve yüksek 87Sr/86Sr izotopik oranları ile büyük iyon yarıçaplı litofil (BİYÇL) ve hafif nadir toprak elementlerinin (HNTE), yüksek alan şiddetli elementlerine (YAŞE) göre belirgin zenginleşmesi, manto kaynak alanında yitim bileşeninin varlığına ve baskın olarak sediment ergimeleri ile zenginleştiğine işaret eder. Nadir torak element sistematiğinin kullanılması ile üretilen kısmi ergime modelleri, bazaltik ergiyiklerin kısmi ergime derecesi %0,7 ile %2 arasında değişen ve amfibol ile granat içeren metasomatize olmuş manto kaynağının ergimesi ile üretilebileceğini göstermiştir.
Patlatma Uygulaması Yapılan Bir Sahadan Elde Edilen Titreşim Değerlerinin Farklı Hasar Kriter Tablolarına Göre Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ERCİNS Serdar , ŞENSÖĞÜT Cem
Published: December 2018

Patlayıcı maddelerin gelişen teknolojilerle birlikte güncellenmesi ve birçok alanda kullanılabilir hale gelmesi, patlayıcı madde tüketimini artırmıştır. Patlayıcı maddelerin yanlış ve bilinçsiz kullanılması, patlatmalı kayaç kazılarının yapıldığı maden ve taş ocaklarında, endüstriyel yapılarda, her türlü inşaat faaliyetlerinde, yeraltı ve yerüstü yapılarında yapısal hasarlara ve canlılar üzerinde de psikolojik sorunlara yol açabilmektedir. Patlatma uygulamalarından kaynaklanan titreşim, hava şoku ve toz gibi problemlerin en aza indirilmesi için patlatma performans analizlerinin yapılması ve sahanın yapısına uygun patlatma tasarımlarının uygulanması gerekmektedir. Bu analiz ve tasarımların uygunluğu belirlenirken, birçok ülkenin oluşturmuş olduğu hasar kriter tablo ve grafiklerinden yararlanılmaktadır. Ülkemizde 2005 yılına kadar Amerikan (USBM, OSMRE) değerlendirme tablolarından yararlanılmış ve bu yıldan sonra “Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı Çevresel Gürültünün Değerlendirilmesi ve Yönetimi Yönetmeliği’nde yer alan ve Amerikan normları ile neredeyse benzer olan “Türk Hasar Değerlendirme Kriterleri” yayımlanarak yürürlüğe girmiştir. Özellikle patlatmadan kaynaklanan titreşim etkilerinin çevrede bulunan yerleşim yerleri ile yapılar üzerinde hasar oluşturup oluşturmadığı, Türk hasar değerlendirme grafiğinde yer alan sınır eğrisi kabul edilerek belirlenmektedir. Ancak bazı durumlarda patlatma uygulamalarından elde edilen titreşim değerleri bu eğrinin altında kalsa dahi, yapılar üzerinde bazı hasarlar yaratabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, nonel ateşleme sistemi ile yapılan patlatma uygulamalarından elde edilen titreşim değerlerinin, Türk ve Alman DIN4150 hasar değerlendirme kriterlerine göre hasar verme potansiyelleri irdelenmiştir. Sonuçta, patlatma uygulamalarından elde edilen tüm titreşim değerlerinin Türk hasar değerlendirme eğrisinin altında kaldığı ve herhangi bir hasar verme potansiyelinin olmadığı anlaşılmıştır. Ancak Alman DIN4150 normuna göre irdelendiğinde, birkaç parçacık hızının en altta bulunan ve kerpiç, eski yıpranmış tarihi eserler gibi sağlam olmayan yapılar için izin verilen en yüksek sınırı gösteren eğrinin üzerine çıktığı ve hasar verme potansiyelinde olduğu, birkaç parçacık hızının da eğriye neredeyse sınırda kaldığı görülmüştür.
Effect of FEC and VC Additives in Electrolyte on the Performance of Si Anode for Lithium Ion Cell
Authors: YUCA Neslihan
Published: December 2018

The performance of a lithium-ion cell depends on the form of the solid−electrolyte interphase (SEI) layers which is composed on the electrode surface. Here, we present a components of the electrolyte solutions for LIBs, namely, fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and vinyl carbonate (VC). We discuss the effect of 2, 5 and 10% FEC and VC-based electrolyte solutions in LiPF6 in EC:DEC to understand the SEI layer formed on Si anode.
Elektronik Sistemlerin Soğutulmasında Nanoakışkanlar ve Çarpan Jetlerin Müşterek Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KILIÇ Mustafa
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışmada; gelişen teknolojilere bağlı olarak artan elektronik elemanların ısıl yük problemini çözmek maksadıyla, yüksek ısı akılı bir yüzeyden olan ısı transferinin, nanoakışkanların çarpan akışkan jet tekniği ile kullanılarak iyileştirilmesi sayısal olarak incelenmiştir. Farklı hacim oranları, farklı ısı akıları ve farklı tipte hazırlanan nanoakışkanların ısı transferine etkisi çalışmada kullanılan parametrelerdir. Çalışmada PHONEICS HAD programının düşük Reynolds sayılı k-ε türbülans modeli kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, hacimsel oran %2’den %8’e artırıldığında ortalama Nusselt sayısında %15,2 oranında bir iyileşme tespit edilmiştir. Yüzeydeki ısı akısı iki kat artırıldığında, yüzey sıcaklıklarının arttığı ancak yerel Nusselt sayısında belirgin bir değişiklik olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Cu-H2O nanoakışkanı kullanılması durumunda, ortalama Nusselt sayısında sırasıyla CuO-H2O, TiO2-H2O, Al2O3-H2O ve saf suya göre %2,6, %5,5, %6,1, %9,6 iyileşme olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Sayısal modelde kullanılan düşük Reynolds sayılı k-ε türbülans modelinin sıcaklık dağılımını ve akış özelliklerini iyi bir şekilde temsil edebildiği görülmüştür.
Design and Evaluation of a Multi-Mode Robotic Arm Orthosis using Musculoskeletal Simulation
Authors: ÖDEMİŞ Erkan , BAYSAL Cabbar Veysel
Published: December 2018

Robotic upper extremity orthoses have been used in rehabilitation for therapy of neuromuscular disorders and successful implementations are demonstrated by numerous clinical results. Majority of researchers focused on orthotic devices enabling basic therapy mode operations. However, there is still need for new orthotic designs which facilitates therapy modes and assistance for daily life activities in coherence. In this work, design of a multi-mode two DoF robotic arm orthosis is introduced. The designed robotic orthosis is implemented in simulation and tested with a human arm musculoskeletal model, for compliant operation. It uses model based computed torque controller and is tested for multi-mode operation. The performance is evaluated for compliant operation of “Assistive” and “Resistive” rehabilitation modes. Performance tests yielded encouraging results for future developments.
Using Analytic Hierarchy Process for Evaluating Different Biodiesels as an Alternative Fuel
Authors: ABDULVAHİTOĞLU Aslı
Published: December 2018

The industrialization that develops with the increasing population causes an increase in demand for fossil fuels in the world, which affects the supply-demand balance. This imbalance also causes a rise in prices. Therefore, increased oil prices and oil dependency lead the countries to the production and use of new energy resources. At this point, countries are evaluating biomass for biofuel production to generate energy, thus increasing the share of biofuels in total energy consumption. In this study, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to structure the decision problem and to attribute weights to criteria. Among the evaluated physicochemical fuel properties, the most important one is calculated as heating value and also the Cottonseed Fame is determined as the most suitable biodiesel in terms of fuel properties among the evaluated biodiesels.
Prediction of Ultimate Tensile Strength of Prestressed Concrete Strand Using Artificial Neural Network Model
Authors: CUMA Mehmet Uğraş , ÖZEL Hayrullah , KÖROĞLU Tahsin
Published: December 2018

The iron and steel industry is one of the essential sector for the industrial and economic development of a country. The most common problem in iron and steel industry is to determine the ultimate tensile strength of the product. The raw materials that are used in the Prestressed Concrete (PC) strand product are deformed under force and their shape and size are changed since the characteristics of them are not constant. To understand the material properties of the product such as the yield and the ultimate tensile strength, some mechanical tests are carried out. The product, the time and the labor loss occured in these mechanical tests reveal the need to develop a prediction method based on non-destructive measurement. In this study, the mechanical properties of PC strand product is predicted by using artificial neural networks (ANN). 'Feed-Forward Backpropagation (FFBP)' has been preferred since it is the most accurate network type for the current process. To determine the ultimate tensile strength, the data such as the load applied to the material (loadcell output), the DC voltage and the DC current of the induction furnace, the speed of the PC strand line, the temperature of the induction furnace, the temperature of the quench tank and the diamater of the PC strand product are collected from a real production line and are utilized as the input parameters of the ANN in the simulation environment. The study illustrates that the ANN model give a very good prediction of the ultimate tensile strength of PC strand.
CuZn40Pb2’nin Elektriksel İletkenliği Üzerine Aşırı Plastik Deformasyonun Etkisi
Authors: KAYA Hasan
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışmada, CuZn40Pb2 pirinç malzemesi hem ticari nitelikte hem de eşit kanal açısal presleme (EKAP) işlem metodu ile tek pas kullanılarak aşırı plastik deformasyonu oluşturularak elektriksel özellik üzerine mikroyapı ve mekanik özelliklerin etkisi incelenmiştir. Özellikle Cu bazlı malzemelerin elektriksel ve korozyon özelliklerinin iyi olduğu bilinmesine karşın tane boyutlarında elde edilebilecek küçülmelerin mekanik ve fiziksel özelliklerini nasıl etkilemiş olabileceği çalışmanın temelini oluşturmaktadır. Bilindiği üzere ticari özelliklerde pirinç alaşımları endüstriyel anlamda gemi sanayiinde, otomotiv sanayiinde ve diğer birçok endüstriyel alanda uygulama içerinde kullanılmaktadırlar. Bu kapsamda yapılan çalışma ile EKAP tekniği kullanılarak CuZn40Pb2 malzemesi tane boyutları ufaltılmış, sertlik özelliklerinde %34 artış ve elektriksel özelliklerinde ise %3 azalma göstermiştir.
The geochemical (alkaline earth) characteristics of groundwater in the Taiyuan Formation limestone aquifer in Huaibei coalfield
Authors: Chen Song , Gui Herong
Published: December 2018

To understand the characteristics and distribution of alkaline earth elements in groundwater in the Taiyuan Formation limestone aquifer in Huaibei coalfield, 29 groundwater samples were collected, and the concentrations of major ions and alkaline earth metals (beryllium, barium and strontium) determined. The results show that the groundwater is alkaline, with the sample pH values between 7.40 and 10.10. The total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration in the samples was between 123 and 5,520 mg/l. The concentration ranges of Be, Ba and Sr are 0.0001 to 0.03 μg/l, 2.43 to 215.21 μg/l, and 13.08 to 18,168.5 μg/l, respectively. The major ions are mainly controlled by carbonate dissolution, with some ion exchange. The Be content is influenced mainly by pH, while the Sr has the same source as Ca and Mg. A concentration contour diagram for groundwater TDS and Sr can be used to identify groundwater runoff conditions. The Zhahe and Suixiao coal-mining districts are the main groundwater recharge areas, and Linhuan district the discharge area. The Sr/Mg and Sr/Ca ratios are highest where the groundwater residence time in the aquifer is longest. The two highest Sr/Ca ratios are 340.1 and 116.6, and occur in the Haizi and Yuanyi coalmines, respectively, suggesting that groundwater residence times are long in them.
Determination of Haloacetic Acids from Aqueous Samples Collected from the Canadian Environment Using an In Situ Derivatization Technique
Authors: Scott Brian F. , Alaee Mehran
Published: December 2018

Determination of haloacetic acid concentrations in Canadian environmental samples were carried out using an in situ derivatization method. An existing method used to quantitate monochloroacetic acid was extended to analyze simultaneously for 2,4-difluoroanilide of fluoro-, chloro- and bromoacetic acids in aqueous samples. This method requires reduction of sample volume to 50 mL, and then reacting the concentrate with 2,4-difluoroaniline using dicyclohexyl-carboiimide as catalyst in ethyl acetate to produce the acid anilide. Quantitation utilizes gas chromatography with mass selective detector in the selected ion monitoring mode. The response at m/z 129 was used to quantitate the mono-substituted acids and, with the exception of trifluoroacetic acid, the di- and tri-substituted acids were quantitated using m/z 156. Quantitation of trifluoroacetic acid utilized m/z 225. The ubiquitous nature of these compounds required analyzing a blank with each sample as traces of the haloacids were found in the solvent and chemicals used in the method. All nine anilides were synthesized with the response from standard solutions used for quantitation. Environmental samples from 14 locations were analyzed and these included lake water (replicates), rain, snow, groundwater and drinking water samples. With the exception of one groundwater sample, mono- and dichloroacetic acids were found in all samples at concentrations in the range of 0.02 to 8 µg/L. Also mono- and trifluoroacetic acid were found in 9 of 14 and 7 of 14 of the samples, respectively (0.004 to 0.600 µg/L). Monobromoacetic acid was found mainly in the drinking water samples at 4 µg/L. The dibromoacetic acid was detected in snow and drinking water samples, and trichloro- and difluoroacetic acids were detected in only a few samples. Tribromoacetic acid was not detected in any of the samples.