bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bile duct ligation increased dopamine levels in the cerebral cortex of rats partly due to induction of tyrosine hydroxylase
Authors: kong Weimin , Sun Xueying , Yu Siyu , Liu Peihua , zheng Xiaoke , Zhang Jiaxin , Zhu Liang , Jiang Tianxin , Jin Mengmeng , Gao Jinghui , Liu XiaoDong , Liu Li
Published: March 2021

Background and Purpose Liver failure is often associated with
psychiatric alterations, partly resulting from the increased dopamine
levels in brain. We aimed to investigate relationship between increased
dopamine levels and mental abnormalities using bile duct ligation (BDL)
rats and document mechanism that liver failure increased dopamine levels
in SH-SY5Y cells. Experimental Approach Psychiatric alterations were
operated following 14-day BDL. Dopamine and its metabolite levels in
cortex, expressions of enzymes and transporters related to dopamine
metabolism and transport in cortex and hippocampus were measured.
SH-SY5Y cells were used to investigate whether NH4Cl, bile acids and
bilirubin affected expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) or not. TH
expression in SH-SY5Y cells co-incubated with bilirubin and signal
pathway inhibitors was measured. Key Results Open-field test results
showed a remarkable increase in exploratory behavior following BDL. BDL
increased dopamine levels and expression of TH protein in cortex. MAO-A
and Mb-COMT slightly but significantly decreased. Data from SH-SY5Y
cells showed that increased bilirubin levels was a factor in inducing TH
expression. Both inhibitor of NF-κB pathway BAY117082 and silencing p65
remarkably reversed bilirubin-induced upregulation of TH protein. NF-κB
activator TNF-α increased expression of TH protein. Roles of bilirubin
in TH expression and increases in dopamine levels were documented using
hyperbilirubinemia rats. Significant increases in dopamine levels,
expressions of TH, p65 and p-p65 protein were observed in
hyperbilirubinemia rats. Conclusion and Implications BDL significantly
increased dopamine levels in rat cortex partly due to bilirubin-mediated
TH induction. Increased bilirubin induced TH expression via activating
NF-κB signaling pathway.
Is the Vaccination program the only factor that should determine how fast the COVID-19 restrictions in England should be eased in 2021?
Authors: Miles David , Heald Adrian , Stedman Mike
Published: March 2021

Vaccination against the COVID-19 virus began in December 2020 in the UK
and is now running at 5% population/week. High Levels of social
restrictions were implemented for the third time in January 2021 to
control the second wave and resulting increases in hospitalisations and
deaths. Easing those restrictions must balance multiple challenging
priorities, weighing the risk of more deaths and hospitalisations
against damage done to mental health, incomes and standards of living,
education outcomes and provision of non-Covid-19 healthcare. Weekly and
monthly officially published values in 2020/21 were used to estimate the
impact of seasonality and social restrictions on the spread of COVID-19
by age group, on the economy and healthcare services. These plus
vaccination program assembled into a model that retrospectively
reflected the actual numbers of reported deaths closely both in 2020 and
early 2021. It was applied prospectively to the next 6 months to
evaluate impact of different speeds of easing social restrictions. The
results show vaccinations are significantly reducing the number of
hospitalisation and deaths. The central estimate is that relative to a
rapid easing the avoided loss of 57,000 life years from a strategy of
relatively slow easing over the next 4 months come at a cost in terms of
GDP reduction of around £0.4 million/life-year loss avoided. This is
over 10 times higher than the usual limit the NHS uses for spending
against Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) saved. Alternative
assumptions for key factors affecting give significantly different
trade-offs between costs and benefits of different speeds of easing.
Disruption of non-Covid-19 Healthcare provision also increases in times
of higher levels of social restrictions. In most cases, the results
favour a somewhat faster easing of restrictions in England than current
policy implies. Return of non-Covid-19 healthcare activity to ‘normal’
levels might also improve future health outcomes/mortality.
Esophageal inlet patch: Endoscopic prevalence in full sedated patients and Clinical significance.
Authors: BESTAS Remzi , Ekin Nazım
Published: March 2021

AİM: To determine the frequency, demographic and clinical features of
the heterotopic gastric mucosa (inlet patch). MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This retrospective study involves 244 patients who applied to the
gastroenterology outpatient clinic with different symptoms between
September 2016 and December 2019, and who were diagnosed with inlet
patch in elective esophagogastroduodenoscopy. All endoscopic procedures
were performed by the same clinical endoscopist. All medical records of
patients including demographic and clinical features and endoscopy
findings were reviewed. RESULTS: Considering 2823 patients who underwent
elective esophagogastroduodenoscopy in the same study period, inlet
patch was detected in 224 (8.6%). 56.6% of the patients diagnosed with
inlet patch were male and there was no statistical difference between
the two genders. The mean age of the patients was 37.73 ± 13.01 years.
83.6% of the patients had only one lesion, and 58.2% had a lesion
larger than 1 cm, with the largest one being 4.5 cm. Size of the
smallest lesion was 0.3 cm. All of the lesions were in the proximal
esophagus. 54 patients (22.1%) had at least one supraesophageal or
upper esophageal symptom. The most common symptom was globus sensation
(64.8%). Patients with large lesions were more likely to experience
symptoms (28.2% vs. 13.7%, p=0.008). CONCLUSION: Careful examination
of the proximal esophagus may increase the chance of detecting inlet
patch and may explain persistent symptoms in patients without a specific
cause. Further understanding of the clinical significance of the disease
may also prevent unnecessary diagnostic interventions.
$H_\infty$ State Estimation of Delayed Recurrent Memristive Neural Networks: continuous-time case and discrete-time case
Authors: Ma fangyuan , Gao Xingbao
Published: March 2021

This paper investigates the problem of $H_\infty$
state estimation of delayed recurrent memristive neural networks
(DRMNNs) with both continuous-time and discrete-time cases. By utilizing
Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) and linear matrix inequalities
(LMIs), two criterions are provided to guarantee the asymptotically
stable of the estimation error systems with a
$H_\infty$ performance. The connection weight
parameters of DRMNNs are dealed with logical switching signals, which
greatly reduces the computational complexity. The given conditions can
be easily checked by solving LMIs, the obtained theoretical results are
supported demonstrated by two numerical examples.
Assessment of the effect of non-asthmatic allergic rhinitis on pulmonary functions - A prospective case-control study
Authors: Jalwa Ahmed , Magazine Rahul , SINGH ROHIT , Shetty Shama
Published: March 2021

Introduction Allergic rhinitis, beginning from childhood, is a global
health problem. According to the literature, allergic rhinitis has been
found to be associated with asthma and other allergic manifestations. In
this study we like to find out the significance and prognostic
importance of pulmonary function test (PFT) in allergic rhinitis. Design
and setting: The study was carried out over a period of 2 years, with 63
cases and controls each. Subjects in the age of 20-55 years with
allergic rhinitis and SFAR score of >/=7 were included as a
case. Participants were interviewed and sent for PFT. Controls were
recruited from the retrospective data of healthy individuals with
pulmonary function parameters done for health checkup. These controls
had an SFAR score of <7. Main outcome measures: Clinical data
and PFT of cases and controls was used for the study. SFAR score was
used to recruit the cases and controls. All the data obtained were
analyzed and compared between cases and controls. Results The mean age
of the cases and controls were 33.17 +/- 10.817 and 44.41 +/- 7.4,
respectively. Majority of cases and controls were males (60.3% and
57.1%). A statistically significant difference in FEF25-75% among
cases and controls was noted (p=0.00), thus proving probability of
developing small airway obstruction in subjects with allergic rhinitis.
Conclusion Subjects with allergic rhinitis have a probability of
developing small airway obstruction with subclinical changes, hence
necessitating the need of regular follow-up.
Functional Changes to the Slate Islands Provincial Park Ecosystem with Successive Arrival of Wolves, Canis lupus, from the Lake Superior Coast
Authors: Bergerud Arthur T. , McLaren Brian E. , Dalton William , Camps Lo , Butler Heather , Ferguson Rodger S.
Published: March 2021

Observations from 1974-2016 of Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) on the archipelago that comprises Slate Islands Provincial Park allowed us to infer direct and indirect effects of the arrival of Wolf (Canis lupus) pairs in winters of 1993-94 and 2003-04. Wolves created conditions that led to the near demise of Caribou from the islands, including some, but not all, behavioural changes in Caribou consistent with avoiding predators. Caribou on SIPP did not appear to return to calving locations near shoreline areas, nor use them to escape from Wolves by entering water. Shorelines and locations of Patterson Island near a Wolf-occupied Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) den were the most common Caribou kill locations. Wolves also functionally shifted the ecosystem in Slate Islands Provincial Park via direct and indirect effects on North American Beavers (Castor canadensis), Red Foxes and Snowshoe Hares (Lepus americanus).
Banded Killifish (Fundulus diaphanus) and Mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) distributions in insular Newfoundland waters: implications for a Species at Risk
Authors: Sargent Philip S. , Dalley Kate L. , Osborne Derek R.
Published: March 2021

Newfoundland’s Banded Killifish (Fundulus diaphanus) population is listed as a species of Special Concern under Canada’s Species at Risk Act and Vulnerable under Newfoundland and Labrador’s Endangered Species Act. Mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) is a similar looking fish species and is currently under review by Newfoundland and Labrador’s Species Status Advisory Committee. Both species have limited known distributions in Newfoundland waters that overlap. They may occur sympatrically in estuaries and occasionally hybridize; thus, field identifications can be challenging. We found that dorsal fin position and caudal fin depth were the most useful morphological characters for distinguishing Banded Killifish and Mummichog in the field. We used local ecological knowledge, literature review, museum records, and field surveys to update the known distribution ranges and found both species in more locations than previously documented in Newfoundland. Thus, we extend their known ranges. Our results will be critical in future status assessments of these species in Newfoundland.
Nesting ecology and reuse of nest burrows by Bank Swallow (Riparia riparia) in southern Yukon
Authors: Sinclair Pamela H. , Mossop Marty D. , Stotyn Shannon A.
Published: March 2021

Bank Swallow (Riparia riparia) is a declining insectivorous bird that nests colonially in near-vertical surfaces, including natural banks along waterways as well as those created by industrial excavation. Several threats are likely contributing to the population decline, conservation measures have been recommended, and monitoring methods have been developed. However, little is known of this species in the extensive boreal portion of its breeding range. To assess whether recommendations developed in southern areas are likely to be effective in a more northerly region, we investigated aspects of the nesting ecology of Bank Swallow in southern Yukon during 2013–2017. Nesting activity occurred between 20 May and 21 August. We found an exceptional abundance of nest burrows in natural riverbanks along 46 km of the Yukon River near Whitehorse (326 burrows/km), but relatively low percent burrow occupancy in both natural and artificial habitats compared to studies from other regions. Year-to-year persistence of nest burrows and rates of reuse of burrows were high compared to other studies. We highlight the potential importance of the boreal region for recovery of Bank Swallow in Canada, and the importance of using region-specific estimates of percent occupancy when monitoring Bank Swallow using burrow counts. Further study is needed to determine whether unoccupied burrows contribute to nesting success, and whether there are situations in which Bank Swallow burrows should be protected year-round instead of only during nesting.
Introduction of Southern White River Crayfish (Procambarus zonangulus) to New Brunswick
Authors: McAlpine Donald F. , Connell Christopher B. , Seymour Pamela D.
Published: March 2021

Southern White River Crayfish (Procambarus zonangulus), an aquatic, potentially invasive species, is documented from New Brunswick for the first time. It was found in a small, privately owned, lake in the Saint John River system that was apparently stocked for recreational purposes with non-native fish and the crayfish. Procambarus zonangulus has successfully overwintered at the site for at least a year and, more likely, for several years. This is the third species of non-native crayfish recorded in New Brunswick, joining Spiny-cheeked Crayfish (Faxonius limosus) and Virile Crayfish (Faxonius virilis). This is also the first persisting introduction for the genus Procambarus in Canada of which we are aware.
Controle das práticas periféricas: entre normas legais e pluralidades
Authors: Santos Walkyria Chagas da Silva , Araújo Danielle Ferreira Medeiro da Silva de
Published: March 2021

O objetivo geral do artigo é refletir a estrutura social desigual brasileira, que ao mesmo tempo em que abarca uma pluralidade de modos de vida, na esfera das normas legais se impõe a partir de uma visão legítima de mundo sobre estilos de vida distintos, a imposição de normais legais nesses espaços, dentro de uma perspectiva racionalista e tecnicista, sustentada pelos princípios de generalidade e impessoalidade, muitas vezes desrespeitam o saber local da comunidade e são aplicados mediante verdadeira violência simbólica e pilhagem, mesmo que o discurso seja de garantia de direitos. Pretende-se relatar a partir de casos concretos, atuação das autoras em projetos de mediação comunitária de conflitos no estado do Rio de Janeiro e no estado Bahia. A metodologia do trabalho baseia-se na teoria fundamentada e o método utilizado foi a pesquisa bibliográfica realizada a partir dos registros disponíveis em fontes impressas e digitais sobre o Projeto Balcão de Direitos do ISER, do Programa Justiça Comunitária, ambos do estado do Rio de Janeiro, e do Balcão de Justiça e Cidadania, do estado da Bahia. Nas discussões as autoras analisam que os projetos de mediação comunitária de conflitos, são exemplos de tentativa de criação de uma ponte entre Estado e periferia para fomentar/construir um espaço participativo, e que inicialmente visam democratizar o acesso à justiça às populações de regiões periféricas, mas a prática pode resultar em violação de direitos.
ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI AKTIVITAS ENZIM ALPHA-AMILASE PADA KECAMBAH KEDELAI PUTIH (Glycine max (L). Merill) DAN KACANG HIJAU (Phaseolus radiatus) DI BAWAH PENGARUH MEDAN MAGNET
Authors: Angraini Widia , Sumardi Sumardi , Handayani Tundjung Tripeni , Agustrina Rochmah
Published: March 2021

Kedelai putih (Glycine max (L.) Merill) dan kacang hijau (Phaseolus radiatus) banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pangan karena kandungan protein dan karbohidratnya sangat tinggi. Saat berkecambah, karbohidrat dalam biji diurai menjadi senyawa yang lebih sederhana oleh enzim alpha-amilase. Salah satu faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi perkecambahan biji adalah medan magnet karena dapat mempercepat perkecambahan, sintesis protein, dan aktivitas di dalam sel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengisolasi dan mengetahui karakter enzim alpha-amilase pada perkecambahan biji kedelai putih dan kacang hijau yang diberi perlakuan medan magnet. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Botani dan Laboratorium Biomolekuler Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Lampung dari bulan Mei sampai Juli 2012. Percobaan dilaksanakan menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Teracak Lengkap dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah lama pemaparan medan magnet 0,1 mT terdiri dari: 0 menit (kontrol), 7’48’’, 11’44’’ dan 15’36’’. Parameter yang diukur adalah aktivitas enzim alpha-amilase pada hipokotil dan kotiledon kecambah pada umur yang berbeda. Perbedaaan aktivitas enzim alpha-Amilase dianalisis berdasarkan rata-rata aktivitas enzim pada setiap perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa medan magnet mempengaruhi aktivitas alpha-amilase selama perkecambahan. Lama pemaparan medan magnet yang baik untuk meningkatkan aktivitas alpha-amilase dan mempercepat perkecambahan kedelai putih adalah 15’36’’sedangkan untuk kacang hijau adalah 11’44’’ dan 15’36’’.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS JAMUR PADA TANAMAN KOPI (Coffea spp.) DI BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Sari Melinda , Yulianty Yulianty , Lande Martha Lulus
Published: March 2021

Kopi merupakan tanaman tropis yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi, namun rentan terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit, diantaranya jamur. Jamur dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bahkan menyebabkan kematian pada organ tanaman kopi. Penelitian tentang jamur yang terdapat pada tanaman kopi di Bandar Lampung belum banyak dilakukan, sehingga informasi tentang keanekaragamannya sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jamur pada  tanaman kopi di Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di laboratorium Botani Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Lampung.  Bagian tanaman kopi yang diduga terinfeksi oleh jamur diambil dari beberapa perkebunan kopi di Bandar Lampung.  Dari penelitian ditemukan 19 jenis jamur pada tanaman kopi 18 jenis jamur diantaranya merupakan anggota kelas Deuteromycetes dan satu jenis jamur merupakan kelas Ascomycetes. Berdasarkan pada bagian tanaman yang terserang;  8 jenis jamur pada daun, 4 jenis jamur pada batang, 1 jenis jamur pada ranting,  2 jenis jamur pada akar dan 3 jenis jamur pada buah.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS JAMUR PADA DAUN ARACEAE DI BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Lestari Devi Eka , Yulianty Yulianty , Ellyzarti Ellyzarti
Published: March 2021

Araceae merupakan salah satu suku tumbuhan yang dapat dijadikan sebagai tanaman hias, sumber obat, dan bahan pangan. Berdasarkan pada hasil pengamatan di lapangan banyak daun Araceae yang terserang bercak yang disebabkan oleh jamur. Jamur yang bersifat parasit pada tumbuhan biasanya akan menyerap nutrisi dari inangnya sehingga menyebabkan inangnya layu atau bahkan mati. Jenis-jenis jamur yang menyerang daun Araceae di Bandar Lampung belum banyak diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis jamur pada daun Araceae di Bandar Lampung sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai data dasar untuk penelitian selanjutnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2012. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan metode jelajah. Daun Araceae yang diduga terinfeksi jamur diambil dari beberapa wilayah di Bandar Lampung dan identifikasi dilakukan di Laboratorium Botani Jurusan Biologi Fakultas MIPA Universitas Lampung. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh 23 jenis jamur dari 13 marga dan tergolong satu kelas khusus Deuteromycetes. Ketiga belas marga tersebut adalah, Alternaria, Beltrania, Cercospora, Cladosporium, Corynespora, Curvularia, Drechslera, Fusarium, Periconia, Pithomyces, Sporidesmium, Ascochyta dan Lasiodiplodia. Jamur yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah dari marga Curvularia dan Drechslera masing-masing sebanyak 5 jenis.
PENGARUH ETHREL TERHADAP KANDUNGAN KARBOHIDRAT TERLARUT TOTAL DAN AKTIVITAS DEHIDROGENASE PADA BUAH PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca L.) SELAMA PEMATANGAN
Authors: Agata Annisa , Zulkifli Zulkifli , Ellyzarti Ellyzarti
Published: March 2021

Telah diteliti pengaruh ethrel terhadap kandungan karbohidrat terlarut total dan aktivitas dehidrogenase pada buah pisang Kepok (Musa paradisiaca L.). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam percobaan faktorial 2x2. Faktor A adalah 2 taraf perlakuan yaitu kontrol dan ethrel. Faktor B adalah 2 tahap waktu pengukuran, yaitu 3 dan 6 hari setelah perlakuan. Karbohidrat terlarut total diukur dengan metoda fenol-sulfur dan absorbansi diukur dengan spektrofotometer pada 490 nm. Aktivitas dehidrogenase diukur dengan metode metilen blue, dan transmisi diukur dengan spektrofotometer pada 600 nm. Hubungan antara karbohidrat terlarut total dan aktivitas dehidrogenase ditentukan dengan regresi. Berdasarkan Analisis ragam pada taraf nyata 5% diperoleh bahwa ethrel tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kandungan karbohirat terlarut total. Kandungan karbohidrat terlarut total 6 hari setelah perlakuan lebih tinggi dari 3 hari setelah perlakuan. Tidak ada pengaruh ethrel terhadap aktivitas dehidrogenase pada buah pisang Kepok. Aktivitas dehidrogenase 6 hari setelah perlakuan lebih rendah dari 3 hari setelah perlakuan. Hubungan antara karbohidrat terlarut total dengan dehidrogenase bersifat kuadratik.
INVENTARISASI JENIS – JENIS JAMUR PADA TANAMAN KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) DI KABUPATEN PESAWARAN
Authors: Arfani Muhammad Irham , Yulianty Yulianty , Lande Martha Lulus
Published: March 2021

Kakao merupakan komoditas unggulan yang tersebar hampir di seluruh Kabupaten di Lampung termasuk Kabupaten Pesawaran. Budidaya kakao di Pesawaran masih bersifat tradisional sehingga menyebabkan tanaman kakao rentan terserang penyakit seperti jamur dan akhirnya menurunkan mutu dan jumlah hasil panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis jamur patogen dan saprofit pada tanaman kakao (Theobroma cacao L.). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Pesawaran dan Laboratorium Botani FMIPA Universitas Lampung, dari bulan Juli sampai Desember 2012. Pengambilan spesimen dilakukan secara eksploratif di lima Kecamatan di Pesawaran yaitu Punduh Pidada, Gedong Tataan, Tegineneng, Padang Cermin, dan Kedondong. Pengamatan gejala serangan berupa munculnya miselium dan bercak pada organ tanaman kakao dilakukan secara makroskopis dan pengamatan secara mikroskopis dilakukan untuk mengamati bentuk, warna, dan ukuran spora. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan 16 jenis jamur yang tergolong dalam 4 kelas. Satu jenis termasuk kelas Oomycetes, Satu jenis termasuk kelas Zygomycetes, 13 jenis jenis termasuk kelas Deuteromycetes dan satu jenis termasuk kelas Basidiomycetes.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS BURUNG DI HUTAN PENDIDIKAN KONSERVASI TERPADU TAHURA WAN ABDUL RACHMAN PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Dani Fredy Rahman , Harianto Sugeng P. , Nurcahyani Nuning
Published: March 2021

Hutan Pendidikan Konservasi Terpadu Tahura WAR (HPKTTW) merupakan bentuk kerjasama Dinas Kehutanan Provinsi Lampung dengan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lampung, dengan luas 1.143 ha. Hutan pendidikan ini dapat membentuk komponen ekosistem bagi habitat burung yang tinggal di tajuk pohon atau di batang pohon (UPTD Tahura WAR, 2009). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis burung di Hutan Pendidikan Konservasi Terpadu Tahura Wan Abdul Rachman. Penelitian burung dilakukan dengan pengamatan secara langsung menggunakan metode terkonsentrasi yaitu peneliti tetap berada pada tempat tertentu tanpa bergerak ke titik yang lain selama waktu pengamatan yaitu 2 jam lalu mencatat jenis dan jumlah burung yang ditemukan. Keberadaan burung diamati melalui perjumpaan dan suara. Pengamatan dilakukan pagi hari pada pukul 06.00–08.00 WIB dan sore hari pukul 16.00–18.00 WIB. Pengamatan dilakukan secara berulang sebanyak 3 kali pengulangan pada 4 titik pengamatan. Data populasi yang didapat digunakan untuk menghitung indeks keanekaragaman dan indeks kesamarataan Shannon-Wienner. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat 46 spesies burung dari 20 famili dengan total individu 1235. Secara rinci dibedakan 11 spesies burung terdaftar dalam status lindung Undang-Undang RI No. 7 tahun 1999, 2 spesies burung terdaftar dalam Appendix II CITES, dan 4 spesies burung terdaftar dalam status lindung IUCN. Keanekaragaman jenis burung keseluruhan di Hutan Pendidikan Konservasi Terpadu Tahura WAR tergolong tinggi dengan indeks keanekaragaman sebesar (3,4386), ini menunjukkan bahwa komunitas burung di lokasi penelitian tinggi, serta dalam kondisi komunitas yang stabil dengan nilai indeks kesamarataan sebesar (0,8931) yaitu tidak ada dominansi spesies burung tertentu.
KEANEKARAGAMAN KUPU-KUPU NYMPHALIDAE DI PULAU PUHAWANG BESAR, TELUK LAMPUNG
Authors: Achmad Kurniawati , Soekardi Herawati , Nukmal Nismah , Martinus Martinus
Published: March 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari keanekaragaman dan kemelimpahan spesies kupu-kupu Nymphalidae di Pulau Puhawang Besar, Lampung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Pulau Puhawang Besar pada bulan Agustus-September 2013. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Pollard dengan menelusuri rute jalan setapak yang ada sepanjang 8,6 km. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah individu kupu-kupu Nymphaidae yang ditemukan di Pulau Puhawang Besar sebanyak 59 individu, terdiri dari 11 spesies dan termasuk dalam 6 Subfamili, yaitu Biblidinae, Danainae, Heliconiinae, Limenitidinae, Nymphalinae, dan Satyrinae. Indeks keanekaragaman kupukupu Nymphalidae di Pulau Puhawang Besar termasuk dalam kategori sedang (1,90). Kemelimpahan kupu-kupu relative tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh Ypthima baldus sebesar 37,29%, diikuti Danaus melanipus sebesar 20,34%, dan Orsotriaena medus sebesar 11,86% sedangkan kupu-kupu yang memiliki kemelimpahan relatif terendah yaitu Cupha erymanthis dan Euthalia monina (1.69%).
Towards a Deep Leaning-based Approach for Hadith Classification
Authors: Najeeb Moath Mustafa Ahmad
Published: March 2021

The exploration of Hadith sciences gains significant consideration over the most recent couple of years. Hadith is mostly the sayings of Prophet Mohammad. The Holy Quran represents the first origin of law in Islam then Hadith takes the second role. Many research efforts manage Hadith with respect to the “Isnad” and “Matn”; which are the main two pieces of Hadith. In this paper, we examine the chance of utilizing Deep Learning to process Isnad of Hadiths. Consequently, a definitive objective of our framework is to help in the systematic classification of Hadiths and differentiate among the correct (“Sahih”) Hadiths and the not accurate (“Da'ief”) Hadiths.
Heat of Combustion of Coffee Pulp and Husks as Alternative Sources of Renewable Energy
Authors: Twinomuhwezi Hannington , Wozeyi Pius , Igwe Victory S. , Amagwula Ikechukwu O. , Awuchi Chinaza G.
Published: March 2021

The study determined the amount of heat energy (heat of combustion) produced per unit mass from coffee pulp and coffee husks to see if these can be used as alternative sources of energy. The samples were obtained from Mount Elgon areas in Eastern Uganda. The objectives determined the amount of heat produced per unit mass from coffee husk and pulp and compared the amount of heat produced per unit mass from the coffee husk and coffee pulp. The coffee husk and pulp were dried, ground and sieved using a 150 microns diameter sieve. The resultant powder was analyzed using IKA C200 bomb calorimeter. The Heat values produced per unit mass from coffee husk and pulp were 15.389KJg-1 and 13.755KJg-1 respectively. Further analysis showed that both coffee pulp and coffee husks could be used as fuels for renewable energy. However, from the findings, it is recommended that coffee husks should be preferred as a better source of fuel since it generated 1.634KJg-1 more energy than the coffee pulp. Comprehensive study should be carried out on the two samples to obtain a complete fuel description of the samples.
Comparative Advantage of Using Biofertilizers in Indian Agroecosystems: An Analysis from the Perspectives of Stakeholders
Authors: Arjjumend Hasrat , Koutouki Konstantia , Neufeld Simon
Published: March 2021

The use of excessive chemical fertilizers and pesticides have decreased soil microbial life and upset the balance between soil microbes and plants, negatively impacting plant nutrition, production and soil health. Biofertilizers hold the potential to revive soil biology and increase farmers’ current agricultural productivity, while at the same time contributing to the soil’s ability to produce more in the future. This article is part of a larger Université de Montréal study conducted with the support of Mitacs and Earth Alive Clean Technologies. The responses of farmers using and not using biofertilizers, manufacturers or suppliers of biofertilizers, and research and development scientists are captured to build cases of how microbial products (biologicals) prove to be advantageous when applied in field crops. The agronomic advantage of biofertilizers compared to conventional chemical fertilizers is well proved biologically and in economic terms. The farmers interviewed stated their preference of biofertilizers over chemical fertilizers. However, production and distribution of biofertilizers are inadequate compared to the demand for them. Studies need to be pursued to understand reasons for the supply gaps and the slow growth of biofertilizers in the agriculture sector of India and methods of linking them to farmers’ preferences in order to advance protections of soil and plants in India.
Effects of Drying Techniques on Nutrient Retention and Phytochemicals in Selected Vegetables
Authors: Natumanya Patience , Twinomuhwezi Hannington , Igwe Victory S. , Maryam Sarvarian , Awuchi Chinaza G.
Published: March 2021

Vegetables are a rich source of bioactive compounds and functional constituents that are beneficial to human health. However, the short shelf life of these vegetables can be a major cause of bio unavailability of nutrients when they are out of season especially during dry season. Drying is one of the most convenient technologies for the production of shelf stable food products. However, drying can lead to considerable loss of the available bioactive compounds due to thermal degradation depending on the drying method and temperature conditions. This study investigated the effect of three drying methods (oven, open sun and indirect solar (sun drying) on the retention of nutrients and nutri-pharmaceutical compounds. Samples were dried up to ~10% moisture content. The fresh and dried samples were analyzed for nutrient composition and nutri-pharmaceutical compounds. The results showed that the retention of nutrients and nutri-pharmaceutical compound was not significantly (p ≥ 0.05) affected by drying method and drying temperature with although differently affected. This study demonstrates that oven drying was the most effective in retaining the highest nutrients and bioactive compounds vegetables followed by indirect solar drying. Ethanol: Ethyl ether solvent was more effective in extraction for phytochemicals than n-Hexane. The effectiveness was based on their polarity of these solvents.
Small but Stylish: Pushing Innovation Ambidexterity in International Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Mashahadi Faizah , Ahmad Noor Hazlina
Published: March 2021

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have been the core agents in accelerating growth and providing jobs opportunities for the nation. Indeed, with industrial revolution rapidly evolving, there is a stronger exigency for SMEs to explore new opportunities aims to enhance efficiency so that SMEs able to compete and grow internationally. Recent development has heightened the need for SMEs to involve in innovation activity as the means to improve competitiveness and sustaining performance becoming a reality. Many studies emphasize on the critical role of innovation ambidexterity in determining SMEs success but the existing studies yet to conclude the predecessor of innovation ambidexterity in internationally operated SMEs. This article aims to provide a conceptual model that explores the potential of international entrepreneurial orientation in determining innovation ambidexterity in international SMEs in Malaysia.
Factors Influencing Online Purchasing Intention among Private Sector Workers in Malaysia
Authors: Asnawi Nini Hartini , Ramlee Nur Atiqah Zakiyyah , Abd Rahim Lina Nadia , Salleh Nor Fazalina , Ghazali Norfazlina , Mohd Yussof Mohamad Nazim
Published: March 2021

The propose of this research study is to identify for the relationship social media usage and the effectiveness to encourage people to do online purchasing and also their intention to buy. This study focus on workers from private sector. The literature reviews on the main issues about the power of social media in influencing people with online purchase. Correlation Research is suitable for this research study to find the solution for the problem stated. Therefore, in order to get the significant results and findings, survey research method is applied by distributing a set of questionnaire to the target respondents among private sector workers. There are three research objectives for this research study. The first one is to determine the relationship of ease of use towards intention to buy. Secondly is to examine the influence of usefulness towards intention to buy. Lastly is to analyze the influence of easiness towards intention to buy. Hence, this research study is also explained and reviewed specifically by the researcher based on the data findings at the end of this research. 50 set of questionnaires have been distributed to five different departments in the company.
Humanitarian Logistics: A Disaster Relief Operations Framework During Pandemic Covid-19 in Achieving Healthy Communities
Authors: Ab Malik Mazrul Hisyam , Omar Emi Normalina , Maon Siti Noorsuriani
Published: March 2021

High levels of coordination, cooperation, and collaboration between involved aid providers are needed for efficient logistics processes. In the immediate response phase, coordination, cooperation, and collaboration are firstly required when non-governmental organizations (NGOs) assess the beneficiaries’ needs by sending field assessment and coordination teams into the disaster area. The question is, how to respond to the natural disaster in the most efficient manner to minimize the loss and maximize the efficiency of the rescue mission. This research explores the Malaysian scenario of humanitarian logistics as well as the challenges in collaborations between government agencies and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) during disaster relief operations in Malaysia. Thus, this study used past literature to proposed a conceptual framework and identified two factors namely, trust and coordination as the key factors in the successful humanitarian logistics framework. In addition, the role of NGOs during a disaster is also important to reduce the burden on government agencies in managing the humanitarian aid distribution process. Collaboration between government and NGOs is pursued in the mitigation and long-term recovery phases, where decisions are taken with particular caution, and NGOs’ strategies are adjusted to others without time pressure. The most important driver for successful collaboration is trust. Coordination provisions will increase trust between agencies involved in disaster relief operations. Therefore, building trust between parties involved in certain task or disaster relief activities can be enhanced by adding up a contract agreement to ensure both parties will work efficiently and coordinate with the job and minimize the risk that could occur.
Exploring trade practice and market before and after the advent of Islam in Arabia
Authors: Shahid Irfan
Published: March 2021

Trade and commerce is an integral part of human civilisation. Trade practice before the advent of Islam is a great concern for researchers and students of Islamic Business. It was based on injustice and dishonesty. Islam abolished these customs and propounded the modules based on justice and balance. This is a theoretical attempt to explore the nature and methods of trade prevalent in Arabia before the Islam. This paper also highlights some rulings of Islam made to govern the trade and market.
TINGGALAN MEGALITIK BATU SUKUN MENGUNGKAP CERITA RAKYAT DI KAMPUNG YAPASE (The Remains of the Sukun Stone and Folklore in Yapase Village)
Authors: Maryone Rini
Published: March 2021

This article examines the remains of the sukun stone and folklore in Yapase Village. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the Yakarmilena folklore and cultural values contained in the sukun stone folklore. The method used is a qualitative method, with inductive reasoning. The results of the study were nine sukun stones, consisting of one large stone which was a mother’s stone and one stone in the shape of a statue as a girl, while six other oval-shaped stones were a pillow, and one flat rock was a plate of offerings. Archaeological remains of sukun stones in Kampung Yabase serve as a place to perform religious ceremonies to ask for blessings from the ancestors. From the folklore stone sukun has noble values, including cultural values, conceptualiza t ion values, social values and religious values. Tulisan ini mengkaji tinggalan megalitik batu sukun dan cerita rakyat di Kampung Yapase . ABSTRAKTujuan penulisan ini adalah dapat mengungkapkan cerita rakyat suku Yakarmilena dan nilai-nilai budaya yang terkandung dari cerita rakyat batu sukun. Metode yang di gunakan adalah metode kualitatif, dengan penalaran induktif. Hasil penelitian berupa sembilan buah batu sukun, terdiri dari satu batu yang berukuran besar merupakan batu ibu dan satu buah batu yang berbentuk arca sebagai anak perempuan, sedangkan enam buah batu berbentuk lonjong lainnya merupakan bantal, dan satu buah batu ceper bercekungan merupakan piring tempat persembahan. Tinggalan arkeologi batu sukun di Kampung Yabase dijadikan sebagai tempat melakukan upacara keagamaan untuk meminta berkah kepada leluhur. Dari cerita rakyat batu sukun ini memiliki nilainilai luhur, diantaranya nilai budaya, nilai konseptualisasi, nilai sosial dan nilai religi.
DAMPAK PERANG DUNIA II TERHADAP BUDAYA MASYARAKAT BIAK TIMUR (Impacts of World War II in East Biak Society)
Authors: Kawer Sonya M.
Published: March 2021

World War II was very influential to the eastern region of Indonesia and had left many remains in the areas that became the center or the liaison area of its power. Biak Numfor is one of the important areas in the historical process. There are many relics in the form of former hiding places of caves, houses, attributes of war, money, dizziness, places to eat and medical devices. The problem is how is the form and function and influence on the local community? Qualitative research with interview, observation, and literature study techniques, tried to formulate a strategy of World War II heritage tracks. The hope, this research can be used as an educational material for the history of Papua during the colonial period. Besides being a historical site that needs to be preserved and preserved and or developed as a cultural tourism object.

ABSTRAK

Perang Dunia II sangat berpengaruh ke wilayah timur Indonesia dan telahmeninggalkan bany a k tinggalan di daerah-daerah yang menjadi pusatatau daerah penghubung kekuasaannya. Biak Numfor menjadi salah satudaerah penting dalam proses sejarah. Disana banyak peninggalan berupabekas tempat pesembunyian gua-gua,rumah, atribut perang, uang, pening,tempat makan dan alat-alat kesehatan. Permasalahnya, bagaimana bentukdan fungsi serta pengaruh pada masyarakat setempat? Penelitian kualitatifdengan teknik waw a ncara, observasi, dan studi pustaka, berusahamerumuskan strategi jejak peninggalan Perang Dunia II terhadap budayamasyarakat setempat. Harapannya, penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagaibahan pendidikan sejarah Papua di masa penjajahan. Selain juga sebagaisitus bersejarah yang perlu dijaga dan dilestarikan dan atau dikembangkansebagai objek wisata budaya.
MISTERI RADAR DI BUKIT KAMPUNG BARUKI DISTRIK NUMFOR BARAT (Mystery of Radar in Baruki Village, West Numfor District)
Authors: Suryo Almuchalif
Published: March 2021

Numfor Island is located in Cenderawasih Bay. Numfor Island is one of the strategic islands that were established by Japan and the Allies during the Pacific War. To protect Biak Island from the threat of enemy aircraft, the Dutch set up radar in West Numfor. From existing references that the Dutch put the MK IV type 15 radar made in England. This radar has a range of up to 200 NM. The need for socialization about the existence of this tower as a warissan cultural heritage protected by law, so that this tower does not disappear slowly without a trace. ABSTRAKPulau Numfor terletak di Teluk Cenderawasih. Pulau Numfor merupakan salah satu pulau yang strategis yang diperbutkan oleh Jepang dan Sekutu pada masa Perang Pasifik. Untuk melindungi Pulau Biak dari ancaman pesawat udara musuh, maka Belanda mendirikan radar di Numfor Barat. Dari referensi yang ada bahwa Belanda menempatkan radar jenis MK IV tipe 15 buatan Inggris. Radar ini memiliki daya jangkau sampai 200 NM. Perlunya sosialisasi tentang keberadaan tower ini sebagai warissan cagar budaya yang dilindungi oleh undang-undang, agar tower ini tidak hilang secara perlahan-lahan tanpa bekas.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL, BUDAYA ORGANISASI, PROGAM KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN
Authors: Negara I Gusti Ngurah Aritama , Adnyani I Gusti Ayu Dewi
Published: March 2021

The research objectives were to analyze: (1) to determine the effect of transformational leadership on employee communication at the Bali Regional Development Bank; (2). To analyze the effect of transformational leadership on employee organizational commitment at the Bali Regional Development Bank; (3). To analyze the effect of communication on the organizational commitment of Bali Regional Development Bank employees; (4). To explain the role of communication in mediating transformational leadership to the organizational commitment of Bali Regional Development Bank employees. The sample was determined as many as 51 people with saturated sampling techniques. Data collection was carried out by spreading interviews, observations and questionnaires directly to employees of the BPD Bank and analyzed using descriptive statistics calculated average and descriptive statistics in the form of a classic assumption test and path analysis. The results of the data analysis show that the transformational leadership variable has a positive effect on employee communication, the transformational leadership variable has a positive effect on the organizational commitment employees, the communication variable has a positive effect on the organizational commitment of employees, and the communication variable has a positive effect on mediate the effect of transformational leadership on organizational commitment.

Keywords: transformational leadership, communication, organizational commitment
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF SERVICE QUALITY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
Authors: Yuliarto Rudi Triadi
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of service quality on customer satisfaction at the Pontianak Class II Port Authority and Harbormaster Office. The population used in this study were 81 people (census). This study uses multiple linear regression analysis, with SPSS statistical software. Service quality variables, with the dimensions of physical evidence (tangibles),  and assurance, each have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, then the reliability, responsiveness and empathy variables each show no significant influence on customer satisfaction. This research found that the guarantee variable has the greatest influence on customer satisfaction.

Keywords: physical evidence (tangibles), reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, customer satisfaction.
PERAN BRAND AWARENESS MEMEDIASI PENGARUH SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING TERHADAP PURCHASE INTENTION
Authors: Sutariningsih Ni Made Ayu , Widagda K I Gusti Ngurah Jaya Agung
Published: March 2021

Perkembangan teknologi di era globalisasi ini sangat pesat. Social media marketing penting bagi strategi pemasaran. Social media marketing harus dilakukan dengan kreatif dan menarik untuk membentuk brand awareness sehingga dapat meningkatkan purchase intention. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan peran brand awareness memediasi pengaruh social media marketing terhadap purchase intention. Obyek penelitian adalah produk Chatime di Kota Denpasar. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuisioner online dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 120 responden. Metode penentuan sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah non probability sampling yaitu teknik purposive sampling. Teknik analisis mengunakan analisis jalur (path analysis) dan uji sobel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan social media marketing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap purchase intention dan brand awareness; brand awareness berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap purchase intention; brand awareness memediasi secara signifikan pengaruh social media marketing terhadap purchase intention. Perusahaan Chatime sebaiknya menambah fitur avatar, giveaway, quiz, voucher, fun fact dan bintang iklan, serta membuat iklan informatif dan iklan yang menarik seperti : pengunaan animasi, karakter, musik, dan gambar maupun font yang unik.

Kata kunci: social media marketing, brand awareness, purchase intention
Genetic testing
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Cordoba, Facultad Odontología, Brunotto M
Published: March 2021

Genomics has progressively acquireda centralrole in basic and translational research. Additionally, severalstudies have increasingly shown how genomic information can be used effectively in clinical care
Drug repurposing in the treatment of COVID-19: A review
Authors: Sonali S. Gadge , Vikrant L. Salode , Madhuri D. Game
Published: March 2021

The first outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection was in Wuhan, Hubei, China in December 2019 and declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Currently, there is no proven effective vaccine or therapeutic agent to combat the deadly coronavirus disease. Currently, prevention from the infection, control measures and supportive care help to treat against COVID-19. Until an effective vaccine is available for COVID-19 infection, one can repurpose known therapeutic agents that block the entry of the virus into the host cell and control the COVID-19 infection. Drug repurposing is the new use of old drugs. In this review, the most common and possible drug treatment for COVID-19 is highlighted. The therapeutic agents include antiviral drugs like Remdesivir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir, umifenovir, favipiravir and oseltamivir and other agents. Clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate the safety and efficacy of these therapeutic agents in COVID-19 patients.
Acercamiento genealógico a la noción de La muerte del autor
Authors: Erazo Mesa Alexánder
Published: March 2021

Este trabajo presenta un acercamiento genealógico a la noción de la muerte del autor, desarrollada por Roland Barthes a finales de los años sesenta del siglo XX. Tal concepto es el punto de partida de los llamados “estudios autoriales”, los cuales presentan un auge sostenido en los estudios literarios contemporáneos en países como Francia o Estados Unidos, y han comenzado a irrumpir en el contexto académico latinoamericano en Argentina y México. Aunque los estudios autoriales inician desde los noventa del siglo XX, solo se han consolidado en el transcurso del XXI, constituyendo un campo investigativo vigente y en crecimiento. Como veremos, su estudio reactiva debates de la teoría y la crítica literaria del siglo XX que se creían superados o desgastados. Dada la escasez de producción académica nacional concerniente a los estudios autoriales, proponemos algunos elementos para una genealogía, en el sentido foucaultiano, de la noción teórica que da origen a aquellos: la muerte del autor. Esperamos con ello contribuir al conocimiento en nuestro contexto académico de la génesis de los estudios autoriales, y empezar a plantear escenarios para su discusión, desarrollo investigativo y aplicación en objetos de estudio propios de la literatura colombiana.