bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Applications of Gaussian Hypergeometric Function for Developments on Third-Order Differential Subordinations
Authors: Oros Georgia Irina , Oros Gheorghe , Preluca Lavinia Florina
Published: June 2023

The main objective of this paper is to present classical second-order differential subordination knowledge extended in this study to include new results regarding third-order differential subordinations. The focus of this study is on the main problems examined by differential subordination theory. Hence, the new results obtained here reveal techniques for identifying dominants and the best dominant of certain third-order differential subordinations. Another aspect of novelty is the new application of the Gaussian hypergeometric function. Novel third-order differential subordination results are obtained using the best dominant provided by the theorems and the operator previously defined as Gaussian hypergeometric function’s fractional integral. The research investigation is concluded by giving an example of how the results can be implemented.
The Northernmost Occurrence of the Tropical-Subtropical Brittle Star Ophiocoma (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) from a Late Cretaceous Rocky Shore in Southern Sweden
Authors: Thuy Ben , Numberger-Thuy Lea D.
Published: June 2023

In spite of considerable progress during the last few years, the fossil record of the ophiuroids, or brittle stars, is still poorly known, especially with respect to taxa restricted to specific environments. Here, we describe new ophiuroid fossils collected from an Upper Cretaceous rocky shore in Ivö Klack, southern Sweden, consisting of fully disarticulated skeletal remains retrieved from the sediments deposited between boulders and hummocks. The fossils are identified as a new species of the extant ophiocomid genus Ophiocoma. In a critical revision of the ophiocomid fossil record, we show that all fossils previously assigned to the Ophiocomidae belong to other families. Thus, the fossil record of the Ophiocomidae is currently restricted to the new species described herein, and Amphiura? gigantiformis from the Miocene of Austria which, in fact, is a species of Ophiocoma. Since recent species of Ophiocoma exclusively occur in tropical to subtropical shallow subtidal environments, our discovery of a fossil Ophiocoma species in the rocky shore sediments of Ivö therefore conforms with the previously assumed subtropical palaeotemperatures prevailing in southern Sweden during the Late Cretaceous. Most notably, it represents the northernmost occurrence of an ophiocomid recorded to date.
Molecular Epidemiology of HCV Infection among Multi-Transfused β-Thalassemia Patients in Eastern India: A Six-Year Observation
Authors: Dutta Supradip , Biswas Aritra , Bakshi Sagnik , Choudhury Promisree , Das Raina , Nath Shreyasi , Chowdhury Prosanto , Bhattacharyya Maitreyee , Chakraborty Sharmistha , Dutta Shanta , Sadhukhan Provash Chandra
Published: June 2023

Background: HCV infection is very common in multi-transfused β-thalassemia patients who need regular blood transfusions. Aim: The study was conducted to determine the epidemiology of HCV in multi-transfused β-thalassemia patients in West Bengal, India. Methods: Over a span of six years, blood samples were collected from HCV sero-reactive β-thalassemia patients and processed for viral RNA isolation followed by nested RT-PCR for qualitative viremia detection. The HCV genotype was determined by amplifying the partial HCV core gene by nested RT-PCR followed by DNA sequencing and NCBI genotyping tools. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic studies were performed with MEGA-X and BEAST software, respectively. Results: Out of 917 multi-transfused HCV sero-reactive β-thalassemia patients, 598 (65.21%) were HCV RNA positive while 250 (41.80%) had spontaneously cleared the virus. A significant percentage of male patients from rural areas (p = 0.042) and economically backward class (p = 0.002) were at higher risk of HCV infection. Female thalassemia patients and individuals belonging to ages 11–15 years had higher chances of spontaneous clearance. The most prevalent circulatory HCV genotype was 3a (78.26%) followed by 1b (12.04%). Phylogeographic analyses revealed that the 3a strains share genomic similarities with strains from Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Thailand, whereas the 1b strains share similarities with strains from Thailand, Vietnam, Russia, and China. Uncommon HCV subtypes 3g and 3i were also detected. Conclusion: The high prevalence of HCV infection among β-thalassemia patients of West Bengal, India indicates NAT-based assays should be implemented for HCV screening in donor blood to eliminate HCV by 2030.
Histidine Protonation and Conformational Switching in Diphtheria Toxin Translocation Domain
Authors: Rodnin Mykola V. , Vasques-Montes Victor , Kyrychenko Alexander , Oliveira Nuno F. B. , Kashipathy Maithri M. , Battaile Kevin P. , Douglas Justin , Lovell Scott , Machuqueiro Miguel , Ladokhin Alexey S.
Published: June 2023

Protonation of key histidine residues has been long implicated in the acid-mediated cellular action of the diphtheria toxin translocation (T-) domain, responsible for the delivery of the catalytic domain into the cell. Here, we use a combination of computational (constant-pH Molecular Dynamics simulations) and experimental (NMR, circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectroscopy along with the X-ray crystallography) approaches to characterize the initial stages of conformational change happening in solution in the wild-type T-domain and in the H223Q/H257Q double mutant. This replacement suppresses the acid-induced transition, resulting in the retention of a more stable protein structure in solutions at pH 5.5 and, consequently, in reduced membrane-disrupting activity. Here, for the first time, we report the pKa values of the histidine residues of the T-domain, measured by NMR-monitored pH titrations. Most peaks in the histidine side chain spectral region are titrated with pKas ranging from 6.2 to 6.8. However, the two most up-field peaks display little change down to pH 6, which is a limiting pH for this protein in solution at concentrations required for NMR. These peaks are absent in the double mutant, suggesting they belong to H223 and H257. The constant-pH simulations indicate that for the T-domain in solution, the pKa values for histidine residues range from 3.0 to 6.5, with those most difficult to protonate being H251 and H257. Taken together, our experimental and computational data demonstrate that previously suggested cooperative protonation of all six histidines in the T-domain does not occur.
Cyanotoxins Increase Cytotoxicity and Promote Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Progression by Enhancing Cell Steatosis
Authors: Niture Suryakant , Gadi Sashi , Qi Qi , Rios-Colon Leslimar , Khatiwada Sabin , Vandana  , Fernando Reshan A. , Levine Keith E. , Kumar Deepak
Published: June 2023

Freshwater prokaryotic cyanobacteria within harmful algal blooms produce cyanotoxins which are considered major pollutants in the aquatic system. Direct exposure to cyanotoxins through inhalation, skin contact, or ingestion of contaminated drinking water can target the liver and may cause hepatotoxicity. In the current study, we investigated the effect of low concentrations of cyanotoxins on cytotoxicity, inflammation, modulation of unfolded protein response (UPR), steatosis, and fibrosis signaling in human hepatocytes and liver cell models. Exposure to low concentrations of microcystin-LR (MC-LR), microcystin-RR (MC-RR), nodularin (NOD), and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) in human bipotent progenitor cell line HepaRG and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines HepG2 and SK-Hep1 resulted in increased cell toxicity. MC-LR, NOD, and CYN differentially regulated inflammatory signaling, activated UPR signaling and lipogenic gene expression, and induced cellular steatosis and fibrotic signaling in HCC cells. MC-LR, NOD, and CYN also regulated AKT/mTOR signaling and inhibited autophagy. Chronic exposure to MC-LR, NOD, and CYN upregulated the expression of lipogenic and fibrosis biomarkers. Moreover, RNA sequencing (RNA seq) data suggested that exposure of human hepatocytes, HepaRG, and HCC HepG2 cells to MC-LR and CYN modulated expression levels of several genes that regulate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Our data suggest that low concentrations of cyanotoxins can cause hepatotoxicity and cell steatosis and promote NAFLD progression.
Physical Attributes of Tree Holes in the Atlantic Forest Edges: Evaluating Their Association with the Presence and Abundance of Immature Haemagogus leucocelaenus
Authors: Tubaki Rosa Maria , de Menezes Regiane Maria Tironi , David Mariana Rocha , Palasio Raquel Gardini Sanches , de Aguiar Osny Tadeu , Baitello João Batista , Santos Vagner Oliveira , Balbino Natália , Chiaravalloti-Neto Francisco
Published: June 2023

Sylvatic yellow fever (SYF) was recently a health issue in Brazil (2016–2019) because transmission was facilitated by a high density of vectors, amplifying hosts, and low vaccine coverage of the human population, especially in urban forests in the Southeast Region of Brazil. Moreover, urban forest edges are more likely to have contact between human and sylvatic vector mosquito populations. Here, we show the association between abiotic and biotic features of tree holes as Haemagogus leucocelaenus rearing sites in Cantareira State Park in Atlantic Forest edges. The analyzed physical features of the tree holes were diameter at breast height, tree hole opening diameter, depth, trunk diameter, tree hole volume, collected volume, height (varying from 0.02 to 4.2 m above ground), and the presence of Culicidae species other than Hg. leucocelaenus. We analyzed 105 positive and 68 negative water samples for larval presence and found no differences between them, suggesting the lack of specific physical characteristics in these categories. Hg. leucocelaenus larval abundance was correlated with the collected volume and opening diameter of tree holes. The tree species that most represented negative breeding sites were Euplassa cantareirae, Guarea macrophylla, Psychotria suterella, and Tibouchina pulchra. Four significant clusters as areas with a high risk of SYV were identified by Get-Ordis spatial analysis. Although Hg. leucocelaenus larvae were found in tree holes with high water levels, their occurrence was regulated by that of other mosquito species. Our findings contribute to clarifying immature vector ecology in tree holes related to human exposure to SYF in urban forest edges.
Discharge Outcomes of Severely Sick Patients Hospitalized with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Comorbidities, and Serious Adverse Events in Kyrgyz Republic, 2020–2022
Authors: Alumkulova Gulzat , Hazoyan Anna , Zhdanova Elena , Kuznetsova Yuliia , Tripathy Jaya Prasad , Sargsyan Aelita , Goncharova Olga , Kadyrov Meder , Istamov Kylychbek , Ortuño-Gutiérrez Nimer
Published: June 2023

Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) who have comorbidities, complications, and experience serious adverse events (SAEs) are at substantial risk of having unfavorable hospital outcomes. We assessed characteristics and discharge outcomes of 138 MDR-TB patients hospitalized in the National Referral Center of Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, from January 2020 to August 2022. The main clinical characteristics included pulmonary complications (23%), malnutrition (33%), severe anemia (17%), diabetes mellitus (13%), viral hepatitis B and C (5%), and HIV infection (3%). Of those patients, 95% were successfully managed and discharged from hospital. Seven patients had unfavorable discharge outcomes (three patients died and four had a worsened clinical condition). Comorbidities (diabetes, and/or HIV), severe anemia, pulmonary complications, cardiovascular disorders, alcohol abuse, and SAEs were associated with unfavorable discharge outcomes. Sixty-five percent of the patients had SAEs, with electrolyte imbalance (25%), gastrointestinal disease (18%), hepatotoxicity (16%), and anemia (14%) being the most frequent. Successful resolution occurred in 91% of patients with SAEs. In summary, our study documented that sick patients who were hospitalized with MDR-TB were well managed and had good hospital discharge outcomes, despite the fact that they had comorbidities, complications, and SAEs. This information should assist in the referral and management of such patients in the future.
Antiviral Effect of Propylene Glycol against Envelope Viruses in Spray and Volatilized Forms
Authors: Hirama Yui , Onishi Shintaro , Shibata Ryunosuke , Ishida Hirohiko , Mori Takuya , Ota Noriyasu
Published: June 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly contagious and continues to spread worldwide. To avoid the spread of infection, it is important to control its transmission routes. However, as methods to prevent airborne infections are lacking, people are forced to take measures such as keeping distance from others or wearing masks. Here, we evaluate the antiviral activity of propylene glycol (PG), which is safe, odorless, and volatile. PG showed pronounced antiviral activity against the influenza virus (IAV) at concentrations above 55% in the liquid phase. Given its IAV inactivation mechanism, which involves increasing the fluidity of the viral membrane, PG is expected to have a broad effect on enveloped viruses. PG showed antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. We also developed a system to evaluate the antiviral effect of PG in spray and volatilized forms. PG was found to be effective against aerosol IAV in both forms; the effective PG concentration against IAV in the vapor phase was 87 ppmv (0.27 mg/L). These results demonstrate that PG is an effective means for viral inactivation in various situations for infection control. This technology is expected to control the spread of current and future infectious diseases capable of causing outbreaks and pandemics.
Characterization of the Human Blood Virome in Iranian Multiple Transfused Patients
Authors: Thijssen Marijn , Khamisipour Gholamreza , Maleki Mohammad , Devos Timothy , Li Guangdi , Van Ranst Marc , Matthijnssens Jelle , Pourkarim Mahmoud Reza
Published: June 2023

Blood transfusion safety is an essential element of public health. Current blood screening strategies rely on targeted techniques that could miss unknown or unexpected pathogens. Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of a viral community (virobiota/virome) in the blood of healthy individuals. Here, we characterized the blood virome in patients frequently exposed to blood transfusion by using Illumina metagenomic sequencing. The virome of these patients was compared to viruses present in healthy blood donors. A total number of 155 beta-thalassemia, 149 hemodialysis, and 100 healthy blood donors were pooled with five samples per pool. Members of the Anelloviridae and Flaviviridae family were most frequently observed. Interestingly, samples of healthy blood donors harbored traces of potentially pathogenic viruses, including adeno-, rota-, and Merkel cell polyomavirus. Viruses of the Anelloviridae family were most abundant in the blood of hemodialysis patients and displayed a higher anellovirus richness. Pegiviruses (Flaviviridae) were only observed in patient populations. An overall trend of higher eukaryotic read abundance in both patient groups was observed. This might be associated with increased exposure through blood transfusion. Overall, the findings in this study demonstrated the presence of various viruses in the blood of Iranian multiple-transfused patients and healthy blood donors.
Advances in saRNA Vaccine Research against Emerging/Re-Emerging Viruses
Authors: Liu Yalan , Li Yuncheng , Hu Qinxue
Published: June 2023

Although conventional vaccine approaches have proven to be successful in preventing infectious diseases in past decades, for vaccine development against emerging/re-emerging viruses, one of the main challenges is rapid response in terms of design and manufacture. mRNA vaccines can be designed and produced within days, representing a powerful approach for developing vaccines. Furthermore, mRNA vaccines can be scaled up and may not have the risk of integration. mRNA vaccines are roughly divided into non-replicating mRNA vaccines and self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) vaccines. In this review, we provide an overview of saRNA vaccines, and discuss future directions and challenges in advancing this promising vaccine platform to combat emerging/re-emerging viruses.
Recipient-Reported Reactogenicity of Different SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Regimens among Healthcare Professionals and Police Staff in Germany
Authors: Rau Katharina , von Heeringen Edgar , Bühler Nina , Wagenpfeil Stefan , Becker Sören L. , Schneitler Sophie
Published: June 2023

The rapid availability of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 was key during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, vaccine hesitancy and relatively low vaccine coverage rates among the general population and particularly vulnerable populations such as healthcare staff reduced the potential benefits of these vaccines. During the early phase of the pandemic, fear of vaccine-related adverse events was common among individuals who refused vaccination. Between March and May 2021, we comparatively assessed the self-reported reactogenicity of different SARS-CoV-2 prime-boost regimens using mRNA-based (BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273) and vector-based vaccines (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) in (a) healthcare workers (HCW), and (b) police staff from southwest Germany. The majority of participants (71.8%; 1564/2176) received a homologous vaccination. Among HCW, 75.0% were female, whereas 70.0% of police staff were male. The most frequently reported reactions following the first vaccine administration were pain at the injection site (77.94%; 1696/2176), tiredness (51.75%; 1126/2176), and headache (40.44%; 880/2176), which were more commonly reported by HCW as compared to police staff. In homologous, mRNA-based and heterologous vaccination schedules, more reactions were reported after the second vaccine dose. We conclude that the frequency and intensity of self-perceived vaccine reactogenicity may differ between specific population groups and might be mitigated by tailored communication strategies.
CMC Strategies and Advanced Technologies for Vaccine Development to Boost Acceleration and Pandemic Preparedness
Authors: Castellanos Maria Monica , Gressard Hervé , Li Xiangming , Magagnoli Claudia , Moriconi Alessio , Stranges Daniela , Strodiot Laurent , Tello Soto Monica , Zwierzyna Magdalena , Campa Cristiana
Published: June 2023

This review reports on an overview of key enablers of acceleration/pandemic and preparedness, covering CMC strategies as well as technical innovations in vaccine development. Considerations are shared on implementation hurdles and opportunities to drive sustained acceleration for vaccine development and considers learnings from the COVID pandemic and direct experience in addressing unmet medical needs. These reflections focus on (i) the importance of a cross-disciplinary framework of technical expectations ranging from target antigen identification to launch and life-cycle management; (ii) the use of prior platform knowledge across similar or products/vaccine types; (iii) the implementation of innovation and digital tools for fast development and innovative control strategies.
A Novel Mn- and Fe-Oxides-Reducing Bacterium with High Activity to Drive Mobilization and Release of Arsenic from Soils
Authors: Xiong Jianyu , Xu Yifan , Li Yang , Zeng Xian-Chun
Published: June 2023

Since Mn, Fe and As contaminants often coexist in the environment, we hypothesize that the presence of multifunctional bacteria is capable of reducing Mn and Fe oxides and promoting the mobilization and release of arsenic. However, such bacteria have not been reported yet; moreover, the impact of bacteria with the ability to simultaneously reduce Mn and Fe oxides on the formation of high-arsenic groundwater remains unclear. This study aims to address this question. Here, we found that the microbial community in the soils was able to efficiently reduce Mn oxides into Mn(II). An analysis of the microbial community structures of the soil shows that it contained Proteobacteria (41.1%), Acidobacteria (10.9%), Actinobacteria (9.5%) and other less abundant bacteria. Based on this observation, we successfully isolated a novel bacterium Cellulomonas sp. CM1, which possesses both Mn- and Fe-oxide-reducing activities. Under anaerobic conditions, strain CM1 can reduce Mn oxides, resulting in the production of 13 mg/L of Mn(II) within a span of 10 days. Simultaneously, it can reduce Fe oxides, leading to the generation of 9 mg/L of Fe(II) within 9 days when a yeast extract is used as an electron donor. During these reduction reactions, the cells were grown into a density of OD600 0.16 and 0.09, respectively, suggesting that Mn(IV) is more beneficial for the bacterial growth than Fe(III). Arsenic release assays indicate that after 108 days of anoxic incubation, approximately 126.2, 103.2 and 81.5 μg/L As(V) were mobilized and released from three soil samples, respectively, suggesting that CM1 plays significant roles in driving mobilization of arsenic from soils. These findings shed new light on the microbial processes that lead to the generation of arsenic-contaminated groundwater.
The Impacts of Climate Change on the Hydrological Cycle and Water Resource Management
Authors: Wang Xander , Liu Lirong
Published: June 2023

Global warming can alter the hydrological cycle in various forms such as increased cloudiness and latent heat fluxes, leading to more intensive and frequent precipitation extreme events (e.g., droughts, storms, and floods). [...]
Comparison of GRACE/GRACE-FO Spherical Harmonic Coefficient and Mascon Products in Explaining the Influence of South-to-North Water Transfer Project on Water Reserves in the North China Plain
Authors: Zhu Chenxu , Li Weijia
Published: June 2023

The extent to which the South-to-North Water Transfer Project has influenced the trend in water storage deficit in the North China Plain since its official opening in late 2014 has not been systematically assessed. We evaluated the changes in terrestrial water storage (TWS) in the North China Plain based on the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-on (GRACE-FO) long-term gravity satellite observations from 2002 to 2022, using spherical harmonic (SH) solutions from the Center for Space Research (CSR), GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), and Mass Concentration (Mascon) solutions from CSR, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), JPL, and compared with the South-to-North Water Transfer water supply (13.91 Gt/a). The CSR-SH solution that best matched the water supply was selected, and it was found that the rate of change in TWS in the North China Plain from 2002 to 2015 was (−8.48 ± 1.87) Gt/a, and the rate of change from 2015 to 2019 increased significantly to (5.44 ± 4.87) Gt/a, indicating that the TWS in the plain changed from deficit to gain. The South-to-North Water Transfer Project has played a positive role in significantly improving the water stress situation in North China. Simultaneously, by comparing the inversions of six time-varying gravity field models (CSR-SH, GFZ-SH, JPL-SH, CSR-Mascon, GSFC-Mascon, and JPL-Mascon) with the South-to-North Water Transfer water supply and measured groundwater well data, and by calculating the uncertainty using the ‘three-cornered hat method’ (TCH), a comprehensive comparison is made to conclude that the CSR-SH model is most effective with a minimum difference of 0.01 Gt/a from the annual water supply, a minimum difference of 0.04 Gt/a from the measured well data, and a small uncertainty of 3.04 cm. This study reveals the important impact of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project on TWS in the North China Plain, which is of reference value for water resource management decisions in China.
Effects of Hydrological Season on the Relationship between Land Use and Surface Water Quality
Authors: Wang Du , Huang Ganping , Ding Huizhi , Zhang Xing , Wang Han , Zhang Zhuo , Li Dingyi , Zhao Jun
Published: June 2023

In recent decades, land use patterns have changed significantly in highly urbanized areas, which is usually linked with the spatial variation of surface water quality at the catchment scale, but little attention has been paid to how hydrological seasons affect this relationship. Taking Pudong New Area of Shanghai, China, as an example, this paper evaluated the influence of hydrological seasons on the relationship between land use and water quality under different hydrological buffers. It was shown that the contribution of land use to the spatial variation of water quality is approximately 30%. In addition, the explanatory ability was greatest in the average season while it was smaller in the dry and wet seasons. Land uses showed scale effects; at a smaller scale, urban areas, agricultural land and water areas were the most important land uses affected by water quality. As the buffers changed from 500 to 1500 m, the impact of urban areas decreased significantly, while that of agricultural land and water areas increased rapidly; however, when the buffer was greater than 1000 m, the explanatory ability of water areas did not increase further but remained stable. Green space is only significant at the 200 m and 500 m scales, which showed the effect of improving river quality. This study is expected to provide references for future decision making of urban construction, environmental planning and management.
Maximum Tolerated Number of Simultaneous BEV Charging Events in a Typical Low-Voltage Grid for Urban Residential Area
Authors: Fakhrooeian Parnian , Hentrich Rebecca , Pitz Volker
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we determine the maximum number of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) that can be charged simultaneously at full power during peak load hour without overloading transformer and lines or causing an unacceptable voltage drop in the low-voltage (LV) grid. In order to predict the BEVs charging demand, an application that takes into account the random user’s arrival time and the initial battery state of charge (SOC) was developed using the C++ programming language and the Qt toolkit. The network analysis was then carried out using the Quasi-Dynamic Simulation (QDS) toolbox in DIgSILENT PowerFactory on a typical German LV grid for a metropolitan urban area. The simulation findings indicate that the value of simultaneity factor (SF) plays an important role in identifying the most robust and weakest grid’s bottlenecks. There is currently no immediate threat of electromobility pushing the parameters of the grid to their unacceptable limits; however, it is essential to examine the LV grid’s bottlenecks and gradually prepare them for the ramp-up of BEVs. In the short term, the bottlenecks can be removed using conservative planning and operating principles; however, employing novel approaches will be crucial in the longer term.
June 2023-Printed Issue
Authors:   Patient Safety Authority
Published: June 2023

The summer 2023 issue of Patient Safety is available to read online and download at no charge.

This issue features two in-depth data analyses from the largest event reporting database of its kind in the United States, which reveal patient safety trends in serious events and incidents (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/74752-patient-safety-trends-in-2022-an-analysis-of-256-679-serious-events-and-incidents-from-the-nation-s-largest-event-reporting-database) and offer insights on healthcare-associated infections (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/74494-long-term-care-healthcare-associated-infections-in-2022-an-analysis-of-20-216-reports) in Pennsylvania last year. We also share some recent healthcare success stories in recognition of the winners of the 2023 I AM Patient Safety awards.

Additional highlights include

• A safety alert about methylprednisolone (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/77633-patient-safety-alert-methylprednisolone-and-patients-with-hypersensitivity-to-cow-s-milk-components), a medication that sometimes contains lactose monohydrate, and its risk of anaphylaxis, a life-threating allergic reaction, to patients with a cow’s milk allergy.

• An expert on artificial intelligence discusses what AI can and can’t do in healthcare (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/77632-artificially-intelligent-machine-learning-in-healthcare-and-why-it-may-not-be-as-advanced-as-you-think), now and in the future.

• Human factors researchers review best practices from high-risk industries (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/77769-informing-visual-display-design-of-electronic-health-records-a-human-factors-cross-industry-perspective) that may inform visual display design of electronic health records.

• How an evidence-based teaching plan (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/77630-evidence-based-teaching-plan-test-and-evaluation-on-caring-for-healthcare-provider-second-victims) might raise awareness of the effect that significant patient and employee crises have on the staff who witness such events.

• A study explores the feasibility of monitoring patients’ vital signs (https://patientsafetyj.com/article/77776-continuous-monitoring-of-vital-signs-after-hospital-discharge-a-feasibility-study) at home.

Patient Safety is fully open access (no fees for authors or readers). We welcome manuscripts from all over the world. If your work can help advance patient safety, please submit it to us for consideration (https://patientsafetyj.com/for-authors), and kindly share our journal with friends, family, colleagues, and caregivers.
Adolescent Healthful Foods Inventory: Development of an Instrument to Assess Adolescents' Willingness to Consume Healthful Foods
Authors: McGuerty Amber , Cater Melissa , Prinyawiwatkul Witoon , Tuuri Georgianna
Published: June 2023

Interventions to increase adolescents' healthful food and beverage consumption often fail to demonstrate change. An alternative is to measure a shift in willingness to consume these items as an indicator of movement toward change. A survey was developed to estimate willingness to consume a variety of foods and beverages. Twenty items were identified from five focus group interviews with adolescents. A survey of 234 youths indicated their willingness to consume each item. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in lists of high-fat/sugar-rich items and more healthful foods. Extension educators can use the survey instrument to demonstrate early positive participant change as they strive to deliver programs that meet mission mandates.
The New FARM Program: A Model for Supporting Diverse Emerging Farmers and Early-Career Extension Professionals
Authors: Sirrine J. R. , Eschbach Cheryl , Lizotte Erin , Rothwell N. L.
Published: June 2023

As early-career Extension educators challenged by societal, structural, agricultural, and fiscal trends, we designed a multiyear educational program to support the diverse needs of emerging specialty crop producers in northwest Michigan. This article presents outcomes of that program. We explore how Extension professionals can develop impactful programs that address the varied needs of the next generation of agricultural producers. We provide an overview of the New FARM program, addressing the rationale, program objectives, program logistics, evaluation results, and implications. We hope the New FARM program will serve as a useful model for early-career Extension professionals.
GENESIS AND EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF GENERATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Authors: GLUZDAK G.N.
Published: June 2023

Human rights are considered in the doctrine of constitutional law as an important element of the legal status of an individual. The increasing attention of society to the problems of human rights, associated, among other things, with the widespread use of natural legal understanding as a type of legal understanding, determines the need for their systematization and classification. In this regard, the concept of generations of human rights proposed by Karel Vasak is interesting. The article characterizes three «classical» generations of human rights, the allocation of which is based on the generational approach, at the same time reflecting the dichotomies known within other classifications. The issues of genesis, that is, origin, and evolution, that is, further development, freedom rights (personal and political rights), equality rights (social, economic and cultural rights) and solidarity rights (collective rights) are raised. The characteristics of human rights of the first generation are given as negative, individual and national, human rights of the second generation as positive, individual and national, human rights of the third generation as positive, collective and international. In the course of the study, it is noted that at the present stage, the boundaries between human rights groups are often blurred. The main approaches to the identification of «new» generations of human rights based on the substantive and generational aspects of classification are formulated. The fourth generation of human rights, including informational and somatic rights, is characterized. It is suggested that with the progress of social and scientific and technological progress, it is possible both to expand the scope and content of the concept of human rights of the fourth generation, and to allocate new generations of human rights.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AS THE DEBTOR’S PROPERTY IN THE BANKRUPTCY CASE
Authors: EPRYNTSEV N. , KHARISOV M.
Published: June 2023

Recently, there has been a large amount of news related to the withdrawal from the Russian market of foreign organizations with branches in Russia. In this case, there is a risk of bankruptcy in relation to organizations that have assets in the form of intellectual property. However, the very question of the legal regime of intellectual property in a bankruptcy case is rarely in the range of scientific research. The purpose of the article is to analyze the legal regime of intellectual property in a bankruptcy case and find out whether they have specific features in insolvency estate or not. The work is interdisciplinary in nature, written at the intersection of intellectual property law and bankruptcy law. The main issue of the legal regime of intellectual property comes down to the specifics of foreclosure and the sale of the debtor’s property. In this regard, the authors proposed a new classification of intellectual property, which is based on the criterion foreclosure possibility. It is also noted that the practice of selling intellectual property in bankruptcy cases is represented mainly by trademarks. However, the problems of such objects remain unresolved due to the rarity of this category of litigation (and, as a result, a small number of jurisprudence). The presented results of the research work will be of interest to practitioners in the field of bankruptcy (including bankruptcy trustee) and civil law.
THE MEDIATION PROCEDURE IN THE FRAMEWORK OF RESTORATIVE JUSTICE IN CANADA AND THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: BAINDYYEV R.T.
Published: June 2023

Mediation is a method of resolving cases involving third parties, usually used in civil law. The use of mediation in criminal law aims to make criminals realize that their criminal act is wrong and to convince victims of the need to restore their rights. Current trends in jurisprudence show a commitment not to punitive and adversarial practices, but to restorative justice in civil cases and nonserious criminal offenses. In general, this approach is driven by several underlying goals. First, the need to reduce the burden on the courts, particularly in cases that do not require lengthy investigations and the trial itself, but which take time to comply with all procedural rules. Secondly, the widespread humanization of spheres of life of citizens requires the expansion of appropriate mechanisms for resolving conflicts between parties. The purpose of this study: to analyze the experience of introduction and use of mediation in the framework of restorative approach to justice in Canada. To conduct a comparative analysis of the history of the emergence of restorative justice in Canada and the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as to consider the history of prototypes of mediation procedures based on Kazakh common law. As a result, to identify the current problems of the operation of mediation procedures in Kazakhstan and to propose our own ways to solve them. According to the results of the study we can conclude that the mediation procedure is a relevant method of restorative justice. Current trends in the development of criminal policy are similar to processes that have already taken place in Western legal history. In general, foreign, and domestic legislators adhere to the same goal in achieving restorative objectives and moving away from punitive and repressive methods. At the same time in Kazakhstan, despite the overall positive effects of the introduction of mediation procedures, as well as restorative justice in general, there are several problems that significantly slow down the development of conciliation procedures in criminal proceedings.
HUMAN RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS PROTECTION IN THE PROCESSING OF PERSONAL DATA IN THE PERIOD OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
Authors: KAZAKEVICH E.I.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the key issues of protecting human rights and freedoms in the processing of personal data in the period of development of digital economy in Russia. The author analyzes the basics of legal regulation of personal data processing in Russia, the European Union and the United States of America, focusing on the extension of the construction of individual consent for processing of personal data and its legal nature. Further, as part of the analysis of domestic and foreign experience, the paper highlights the problems of legal regulation, emphasizing the difficulty and complex nature of public relations in the field of personal data processing. The author defines the problem of protecting human rights and freedoms as a key problem in the processing of personal data. Discovering the multi-aspect nature of the raised problem, the paper draws attention to the relationship of economic asymmetry between the operator and the subject of personal data, to the legal regulation of big data use, to the abuse of market position by operators holding a dominant position and using digital platforms to provide various services to users, as well as to the relationship of competition law with the objectives of ensuring human privacy and other relevant issues. At the end of the work the author also made proposals for solving the problems of legal regulation identified in the paper in order to improve the legislation on the processing of personal data of individuals. The paper emphasizes the need for comprehensive technical, organizational and legal measures to ensure a balance of private and public interests and to create a unified area of confidence between business, society and the government in the context of digital transformation.
ARTICLE 135 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION “DEPRAVED ACTS”: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF LEGAL REGULATION
Authors: OKUNEVA V.A. , BUTRINA E.V.
Published: June 2023

Chapter 18 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation includes norms aimed at protecting individuals from criminal attacks on sexual integrity and sexual freedom. This chapter is included in the section of crimes against the person, the objects of which are the highest values of a person and a citizen, and accordingly they should be subject to greater legal protection. Responsibility for committing depraved acts against minors is enshrined in Article 135 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. This article examines some gaps in legal regulation that were identified during the analysis of the operation of this criminal law norm in practice. The analysis showed the presence of a number of problems in legal regulation, which have a detrimental effect on the qualification of the act, bringing a person to criminal responsibility and the administration of justice. There is a note in Article 131 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which made it possible to qualify depraved acts committed against persons under the age of twelve, according to paragraph «b» of Part 4 of Article 132 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Such a legislative device entailed violations of legislation, in particular the General Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation and the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The article draws attention to the absence in Article 135 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation of such a qualifying feature as the commission of depraved acts through the use of information and telecommunications networks, including through the Internet, and also provides arguments indicating an increased public danger in the case of the commission of the investigated act in this way. In addition, in order to objectively consider the problems, statistical data and judicial practice are provided in the work. At the end of the study, the article draws conclusions and suggests ways to solve these problems.
LEGAL VIEW ON THE CONCEPT OF INFORMATION WARFARE
Authors: RUF V.S.
Published: June 2023

In the conditions of the exposed confrontation between the Russian Federation and the collective West, the central problem is the need for a clear understanding of the aims and goals of Russia’s policy, a timely assessment of threats affecting individual, group and public consciousness, and, at the same time, the need to unite the efforts of the surviving international community to prevent information confrontation in the future. The author consistently defines various approaches to understanding information warfare and their classification. The author supports the position on the need to distinguish two types of information warfare: armed controversies aimed at destroying critical information infrastructure and the use of information weapons in cyberspace aimed at distorting mass consciousness and controlling it. Having determined the essential components of the information warfare, the author comes to the conclusion about the increase in its importance in the process of international military confrontation and, as a consequence, the need to consider information wars through the prism of the Geneva Conventions. The article notes as important and positive actions of the Russian Federation to ensure international information security and create partnerships within regional organizations to protect the information interests of both the nation and the international community as a whole. At the same time, the analysis of international documents does not allow to single out the information warfare as a separate form of international confrontation and, accordingly, refer to them during an information conflict. After having studied doctrinal documents, the author emphasizes the need to coordinate national and international efforts within regional associations and the UN to develop common approaches to understanding the essence of information warfare.
Analysis of Public Administration Challenges in the Development of Artificial Intelligence Industry 4.0
Authors: Febiandini Venni Vidya , Sony Morina Shelvia
Published: June 2023

Technology is causing social and economic upheaval that is overturning the social order. Governments around the world have a lot of potential as a result of the widespread use of artificial intelligence (AI) in government. There are some difficulties in using AI in government. Meanwhile, the use of AI in government can increase public trust in it. The purpose of this article is to assess the level of AI preparedness in the Indonesian government, focusing on its application to public administration and e-government services. Conclusion The level of AI readiness in Indonesia is still low. In ASEAN, the use of AI is ranked fifth. Indonesia is ranked 57th out of 195 countries in the world. Novelty in this research is how BOT can survive amid the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence.
La Política Nacional del Ambiente en el Perú y el respeto a los derechos consuetudinarios de los pueblos indígenas frente a la degradación forestal
Authors: Vásquez Sánchez José Ronald , Bautista Pacheco Carla Nicolle , Pumacayo Rios Fabian Guillermo , Rivadeneyra Brenis Rosa Lucero , Rodríguez Julca Geraldine Elizabeth
Published: June 2023

La degradación forestal de la Amazonía es una problemática latente y progresiva que altera los ecosistemas de los seres vivos que la habitan, donde los más afectados son los pueblos indígenas que, por costumbres ancestrales transmitidas de generación en generación, utilizan los recursos de la naturaleza como fuente de sustento. Asimismo, con el objetivo de mitigar dicha problemática, el Estado ha formulado la Política Nacional del Ambiente con metas que deberán de cumplirse al 2030; por ello, el presente artículo de investigación tiene como finalidad evidenciar si la Política Nacional del Ambiente, al momento de emitir lineamientos para la protección de los bosques, vela por los derechos consuetudinarios de las comunidades indígenas.
Acuerdo de Escazú y derechos ambientales en el Perú: acceso a la información, participación pública y justicia ambiental
Authors: Becerra Urbina Roxana Elizabeth
Published: June 2023

En el presente trabajo se analiza la normativa peruana que regula los derechos medioambientales, especialmente lo referente al acceso a la información ambiental, la obligación de los Estados de informar con respecto a los asuntos ambientales, la participación pública en el proceso de toma de decisiones ambientales, la atención a las necesidades de las personas o los grupos en situación de vulnerabilidad, el acceso a la justicia en asuntos ambientales y garantías del debido proceso, la situación de los defensores ambientales, la cooperación internacional, entre otros aspectos. Se aborda el proceso de suscripción y no ratificación del Estado peruano del Acuerdo de Escazú, y se plantean la importancia, los alcances, los objetivos y los principales argumentos en contra de este acuerdo internacional.
El informe fundamentado: ¿imprescindible prueba en los delitos ambientales?
Authors: Chinchay Habich Fiorella
Published: June 2023

En el presente artículo se revisan las regulaciones realizadas al informe fundamentado, así como su rol e importancia en los procesos penales por delitos ambientales. Asimismo, considerando las nuevas necesidades en las investigaciones por aquellos delitos, se propone mejoras en la emisión y la elaboración del informe fundamentado, y se abordan las principales interrogantes a su alrededor.
Analysis of student problem-solving errors based on Newman's theory in terms of learning interest and gender
Authors: Annizar Anas Ma'ruf , Kumala Dewi Fatma
Published: June 2023

Errors often occurred when students solve mathematical problems solving, exceedingly when students are faced with contextual story problems. Newman's procedural error analysis classified errors in solved story problems into five categories: reading errors, encoding errors, transformation errors, comprehension errors, and processing skill errors. There were several factors on errors worked by students when solving problems, such as student interest in learning and gender differences. This study aims to describe the problem-solving errors of students, both men, and women, who have high, medium, and low interest in learning to solve story problems on SPLTV material. According to the Newman’s procedure. The research type is a qualitative approach with descriptive. And the research subjects were obtained by using a purposive sampling technique. The results of this study include 1) Students of high interest in learning and are making Encoding Errors, and Processing Skill Errors, while students with low interest in learning make Processing Skill Errors, Transformation Errors, and Encoding Errors. 2) Students with a great interest in learning and making encoding errors and processing skills errors. Students with low interest made Comprehension Errors, Encoding Errors, Processing Skill errors, and Transformation Errors.