bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the ground vibration during blasting in mining projects using different computational approaches
Authors: Hosseini Shahab , Khatti Jitendra , Taiwo Blessing Olamide , Fissha Yewuhalashet , Grover Kamaldeep Singh , Ikeda Hajime , Pushkarna Mukesh , Berhanu Milkias , Ali Mujahid
Published: October 2023

The investigation compares the conventional, advanced machine, deep, and hybrid learning models to introduce an optimum computational model to assess the ground vibrations during blasting in mining projects. The long short-term memory (LSTM), artificial neural network (ANN), least square support vector machine (LSSVM), ensemble tree (ET), decision tree (DT), Gaussian process regression (GPR), support vector machine (SVM), and multilinear regression (MLR) models are employed using 162 data points. For the first time, the blackhole-optimized LSTM model has been used to predict the ground vibrations during blasting. Fifteen performance metrics have been implemented to measure the prediction capabilities of computational models. The study concludes that the blackhole optimized-LSTM model PPV11 is highly capable of predicting ground vibration. Model PPV11 has assessed ground vibrations with RMSE = 0.0181 mm/s, MAE = 0.0067 mm/s, R = 0.9951, a20 = 96.88, IOA = 0.9719, IOS = 0.0356 in testing. Furthermore, this study reveals that the prediction accuracy of hybrid models is less affected by multicollinearity because of the optimization algorithm. The external cross-validation and literature validation confirm the prediction capabilities of model PPV11. The ANOVA and Z tests reject the null hypothesis for actual ground vibration, and the Anderson–Darling test rejects the null hypothesis for predicted ground vibration. This study also concludes that the GPR and LSSVM models overfit because of moderate to problematic multicollinearity in assessing ground vibration during blasting.
Dataset on the adoption of historical technologies informs the scale-up of emerging carbon dioxide removal measures
Authors: Nemet Gregory , Greene Jenna , Müller-Hansen Finn , Minx Jan C.
Published: October 2023

A variety of agricultural, industrial, and consumer technologies have been adopted over the past century and can provide insight into the scale-up of emerging technologies, such as carbon removal. Here we present the Historical Adoption of Technology dataset—a set of harmonized global annual time series from the early 20th century to present. We use three growth metrics to compare historical growth to that of carbon removal in emissions scenarios and future targets. We find heterogeneity in growth rates in the diffusion of historical technologies, ranging from 1.1 to 14.3% (median 6.2%) for our preferred growth metric based on a logistic function. Most emissions scenarios show growth within this range (median 5.9%, range 1 to >100%). Company announcements and policy targets imply faster growth than both historical technologies and carbon removal in emissions scenarios. Further work can explain the heterogeneity and facilitate more precise comparisons.
Beyond the formation: unveiling the atmospheric transformation of organosulfatesviaheterogeneous OH oxidation
Authors: Ng Sze In Madeleine , Chan Man Nin
Published: October 2023

Organosulfates (OSs), formed by reaction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and sulfur species, can undergo heterogeneous oxidation by hydroxy radicals (˙OH). The potential to derive functionalized and fragmented products varies among different OSs.
Molecular mechanisms underlying nanowire formation in pristine phthalocyanine
Authors: Pinjari Aadil , Saraf Deepashri , Sengupta Durba
Published: October 2023

Understanding the molecular processes of nanowire self-assembly of phthalocyanine molecules.
N,S coordination in Ni single-atom catalyst promoting CO2RR towards HCOOH
Authors: Chen Zengxuan , Cao Shoufu , Li Jiao , Yang Chunyu , Wei Shuxian , Liu Siyuan , Wang Zhaojie , Lu Xiaoqing
Published: October 2023

S substitution in NiN4 effectively improves its ECO2RR activity to give HCOOH, with the limiting potential changing from −1.25 to −0.64 V.
Heterogenization of molecular catalysts within porous solids: the case of Ni-catalyzed ethylene oligomerization from zeolites to metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Rajapaksha Rémy , Samanta Partha , Quadrelli Elsje Alessandra , Canivet Jérôme
Published: October 2023

We review here heterogenization methodologies of well-defined molecular catalysts within porous solids while addressing the biases in the comparison between original molecular systems and heterogenized counterparts.
Improving detection thresholds and robust event filtering in single-particle and single-cell ICP-MS analysis
Authors: Elinkmann Matthias , Reuter Sarah , Holtkamp Michael , Heuckeroth Steffen , Köhrer Alexander , Kronenberg Katharina , Sperling Michael , Rubner Oliver , Quarles C. Derrick , Hippler Michael , Karst Uwe
Published: October 2023

In this work, a modular data processing workflow for single-particle (sp) and single-cell (sc) inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is presented.
Significant enhancement in the cold emission characteristics of chemically synthesized super-hydrophobic zinc oxide rods by nickel doping
Authors: Kumar P. , Parashar M. , Chauhan K. , Chakraborty N. , Sarkar S. , Chandra A. , Das N. S. , Chattopadhyay K. K. , Ghoari A. , Adalder A. , Ghorai U. K. , Saini S. , Agarwal D. , Ghosh S. , Srivastava P. , Banerjee D.
Published: October 2023

The current article presents a huge enhancement in the field emission characteristics of zinc oxide (ZnO) micro/nanorods by nickel doping.
van der Waals 2D transition metal dichalcogenide/organic hybridized heterostructures: recent breakthroughs and emerging prospects of the device
Authors: Obaidulla Sk Md , Supina Antonio , Kamal Sherif , Khan Yahya , Kralj Marko
Published: October 2023

Exploring the synergy of 2D-TMDs and organic hybrid heterostructures to modulate TMD properties. This comprehensive review covers interlayer exciton emission, various devices, including synaptic devices, synthesis techniques, and the intricate challenges encountered in TMDO heterostructures.
Novel electrode material based on coral-like cerium orthoferrite (CeFeO3) for efficient alkaline water splitting
Authors: Seroglazova Anna S. , Lobinsky Artem A. , Nevedomskii Vladimir N. , Panchyk Vitaly V. , Semenov Valentin G. , Popkov Vadim I.
Published: October 2023

Schematic representation of oxygen and hydrogen generation in alkaline water splitting using electrode material based on coral-like cerium orthoferrite (CeFeO3) obtained via solution combustion.
Photoinduced hydrogen-bonded self-assembly of cation-capped complexes and novel photoswitchable supramolecular devices based on (aza)-18-crown-6-containing styryl dyes bearing a long N-ammonioalkyl substituent
Authors: Gromov Sergey P. , Martyanov Timofey P. , Vedernikov Artem I. , Dmitrieva Svetlana N. , Kondratuk Dmitry V. , Vorozhtsov Artem P. , Ushakov Evgeny N.
Published: October 2023

Herein, we report the synthesis and quantitative studies of novel photocontrollable ionophores.
An MIL-88A(Fe) rod-like metal–organic framework decorated with tungstophosphate polyoxoanions and nickel ferrite nanoparticles for the removal of antibiotics from water
Authors: Ashrafi Mona , Farhadi Saeed , Javanmard Keivan , Mahmoudi Farzaneh
Published: October 2023

Rod-like MIL-88A(Fe) metal–organic framework decorated with tungstophosphate anions and nickel ferrite nanoparticles was used as an efficient magnetic sorbent for the removal of antibiotics from water.
Two-electron transfer photoreduction of methyl viologen and perfluorooctanoic acid mediated by flavin mononucleotide at colloidal titanium dioxide interfaces
Authors: Saeed Tahseen S. , Albalawi Sarah S. , Abuhagr Abubkr , Althobaiti Saja Abdulrahman , Hassanain Hawazen M. , Reeves Donald M. , Abdullah Mohammed R. , Sinn Ekkehard
Published: October 2023

Environmentally friendly catalyst consisting of a flavin mononucleotide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles for MV2+ and poly-fluorinated octanoic acid reduction.
Single vacancy-defect endohedral metallofullerene-superhalogens: molecular topology and nonlinear optical responses of Na@C59[9-4]([8-5])-AlX4 (X = Cl, Br) systems
Authors: Omri Nabil , Besbes Néji , Bu Yuxiang
Published: October 2023

By combining DFT and wavefunction analysis, the photophysical properties and optical nonlinearity responses of Na@C59[9-4]([8-5])-AlX4 (X = Cl, Br) compounds are comprehensively investigated in static and dynamic regimes.
Correlation of interfacial tension with density and dielectric constant for binary systems containing water and an organic component
Authors: Wang Hongfei , Xu Chengjin
Published: October 2023

The relationship between the liquid–liquid interfacial tension and the basic physical quantities (εr and ρ) is established to estimate the interfacial tension of 41 binary systems containing organic compounds and water.
Boosting oxygen reduction of well-dispersed CoP/V(PO3)3 sites via geometric and electronic engineering for flexible Zn–air batteries
Authors: Luo Zuyang , Wei Fengli , Gong Junlin , Wang Lixia , Huang Zhiyang , Isimjan Tayirjan Taylor , Yang Xiulin
Published: October 2023

A well-dispersed CoP/V(PO3)3 on hollow carbon spheres was fabricated using bi-surfactant tactics and phosphating treatment, and it exhibited a prominent ORR activity for aqueous/flexible Zn–air batteries with a high power density and extremely long life.
A combined screening study for evaluating the potential of exhaled acetone, isoprene, and nitric oxide as biomarkers of lung cancer
Authors: Wang Hao , Wei Xin , Wu Yinghua , Zhang Bojun , Chen Qing , Fu Weigui , Sun Meixiu , Li Hongxiao
Published: October 2023

NO and VOCs are combined to establish a diagnostic model. The feasibility of modelling acetone, isoprene, and NO is validated, which provides a basis model for the development of a small CRDS lung cancer diagnostic instrument.
Polymer-based nanocomposite adsorbents for resource recovery from wastewater
Authors: Ahmed Aminat Mohammed , Mekonnen Menbere Leul , Mekonnen Kebede Nigussie
Published: October 2023

Adsorption is alternative technique for recovery of nutrient resources with no/less secondary pollution. PNC adsorbents are effective for removal and recovery of nutrient resources, and reusing nutrients as fertilizer could prevent eutrophication.
Robust, self-adhesive and anti-bacterial silk-based LIG electrodes for electrophysiological monitoring
Authors: Abd-Elbaki Mohamed K. M. , Ragab Tamer Mosaad , Ismael Naglaa E. R. , Khalil Ahmed S. G.
Published: October 2023

Silk-based LIG flexible wearable electrodes used for obtaining electrophysiological signals towards smart health monitoring and disease diagnosis.
Selecting active matter according to motility in an acoustofluidic setup: self-propelled particles and sperm cells
Authors: Misko Vyacheslav R. , Baraban Larysa , Makarov Denys , Huang Tao , Gelin Pierre , Mateizel Ileana , Wouters Koen , De Munck Neelke , Nori Franco , De Malsche Wim
Published: October 2023

Selecting sperm cells or self-propelled Janus particles according to their motility in an acoustofluidic setup: the acoustic trap focuses cells/particles near the channel centerline, and motile species escape the trap and can be collected separately.
Multiple stellar population mass loss in massive Galactic globular clusters
Authors: Lacchin E. , Mastrobuono-Battisti A. , Calura F. , Nipoti C. , Milone A. P. , Meneghetti M. , Vanzella E.
Published: October 2023

The degree of mass loss, that is the fraction of stars lost by globular clusters, and specifically by their different populations, is still poorly understood. Many scenarios of the formation of multiple stellar populations, especially the ones involving self-enrichment, assume that the first generation (FG) was more massive at birth than now in order to reproduce the current mass of the second generation (SG). This assumption implies that, during their long-term evolution, clusters lose around 90% of the FG. We tested whether such strong mass loss could take place in a massive globular cluster orbiting the Milky Way at 4 kpc from the centre that is composed of two generations. We performed a series of N-body simulations for 12 Gyr to probe the parameter space of internal cluster properties. We derive that, for an extended FG and a low-mass SG, the cluster loses almost 98% of its initial FG mass and the cluster mass can be as much as 20 times lower after a Hubble time. Furthermore, under these conditions, the derived fraction of SG stars, fenriched, falls in the range occupied by observed clusters of similar mass (∼0.6 − 0.8). In general, the parameters that affect the highest degree of mass loss are the presence or absence of primordial segregation, the depth of the central potential, W0, FG, the initial mass of the SG, MSGini, and the initial half-mass radius of the SG, rh, SG. Higher MSGini have not been found to imply higher final fenriched due to the deeper cluster potential well which slows down mass loss.
MgAl burning chain in ω Centauri
Authors: Alvarez Garay Deimer Antonio , Mucciarelli Alessio , Bellazzini Michele , Lardo Carmela , Ventura Paolo
Published: October 2023

In this study, we report the results of the analysis of Fe, Mg, Al, and Si abundances analysis for a sample of 439 stars in ω Centauri, using high-resolution spectra obtained with the VLT/FLAMES multi-object spectrograph. Our analysis reveals the presence of four distinct Fe populations, with the main peak occurring at a low metallicity, consistent with previous literature findings. We observe a discrete and pronounced Mg–Al anticorrelation, which exhibits variations in shape and extension as a function of metallicity. Specifically, this anticorrelation is present in stars with metallicities lower than approximately −1.3 dex, while it becomes less evident or absent for higher [Fe/H] values. Additionally, we detect (anti)correlations between Mg and Si, and between Al and Si, whose extensions also vary with metallicity, similar to the Mg–Al anticorrelation. These results suggest that the MgAl cycle plays a crucial role in the formation of multiple populations in ω Centauri, with the presence of all (anti)correlations at metallicities lower than –1.3 dex, providing evidence for the burning of Mg at very high temperatures (> 108 K), at least in the metal-poor regime. Furthermore, we observe a clear trend of stars with [Al/Fe] > +0.5 dex as a function of metallicity, confirming for the first time the existence of the two channels of Al production and destruction. This evidence can help to provide further constraints on the potential nature of the polluters responsible for the observed chemical anomalies in this stellar system. Finally, we find that the two most metal-poor populations identified in our sample are compatible with null or very small metallicity dispersion and we discuss how this result fits into a scenario where ω Centauri is the remnant of a disrupted nucleated dwarf galaxy.
Preparations for a search of the muon EDM at PSI
Authors: Schmidt-Wellenburg P. , Calzolaio C. , Doinaki A. , Dutsov C. , Giovannozzi M. , Hume T. , Trillaud F.
Published: October 2023

Electric dipole moments (EDMs) of fundamental particles violate time invariance and the combined symmetry of charge and parity (CP). The existence of a large muon EDM (muEDM) is made plausible by tensions with Standard Model predictions for semileptonic decays of heavy meson measured at LHCb, BaBar, and Belle, as well as the muon’s anomalous magnetic moment (AMM). A discovery of the muEDM would manifest CP and lepton flavor universality (LFU) violation, revealing physics beyond the SM (BSM). The most sensitive muEDM search to date provides an upper limit of 1.8 × 10−19 e cm (CL 95%), extracted from high-precision data collected to measure the muon AMM. At the Paul Scherrer Institute, we are setting up a dedicated search for the muEDM using, for the first time, the frozen-spin technique to target an ultimate sensitivity better than 6 × 10−23 e cm. This novel technique increases the sensitivity to EDM-induced spin precession by cancelling the AMM-induced precession with the application of a precisely tuned electric field perpendicular to the muon momentum and the magnetic field. In this configuration, the dominant source of precession is the EDM coupling to the large relativistic electric field in the muon rest frame, generated by its motion in a strong 3 T uniform magnetic field. In a precursor experiment, we will apply the frozen-spin technique in a compact solenoid demonstrating a sensitivity of better than 3 × 10−21 e cm, probing uncharted and otherwise inaccessible territory in BSM theories.
Manganese and cobalt metals interrelations with ammonium performance in soil aquifer treatment
Authors: Gharbia Abdalkarim S. , Zakanyi Balazs , Toth Marton
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to discover and explore the impacts and interactions of applying Mn2+ and Co2+ metals in NH4 removal performance under nitrification conditions through soil aquifer treatment. A laboratory scale column was used to simulate the soil aquifer treatment system using quartz sand as packed media to infiltrate the synthetic wastewater mixture from 35 mg/L of NH4, 60 mg/L Mn2+ and 40 mg/L of Co2+ concentrations. The experimental and linear regression model results demonstrate a significant relationship between NH3-N concentration with Mn2+ and Co2+ concentration with a p-value < 0.05, indicating a substantial influence of Mn2+ and Co2+ presence on ammonium bioremediation. Co2+ has a negative correlation interaction with NH3-N, which means Co2+ has increased ammonium oxidation by stimulating the degradation bacteria and cell growth to supplement and improve the activity of ammonium degradation bacteria. However, applying a high concentration of Mn2+ works as an inhibitor for NH3-N bioremediation. Using a high concentration of Mn2+ negatively impacts bacteria, causing a toxic effect and decreasing the bacteria's degradability for ammonium.
Cohesion and adhesion of a sealant joint subjected to compressive stress
Authors: Bohacek Adam , Brandtner Michal , Slanhof Jiri
Published: October 2023

This article is devoted to the evaluation of the suitability of the use of sealants when applied to a cement-based material and its subsequent exposure to compressive stress. Aquapanel cement board is chosen as the underlying material. In general, cementitious materials are characterized by a high concentration of dust particles on the surface, which prevent the correct adhesion of the sealant to the substrate, and therefore their sealing is often problematic. The sealants presented in this research are selected based on the manufacturer's recommendations for suitability for sealing cement-based materials. Base plates are made from cement board, which are subsequently sealed according to the procedures established by the ČSN EN ISO 11432 standard. The samples produced in this way are then cycled and their resistance to pressure stress is subsequently tested. The results of the test performed in this way are evaluated by measuring and visually evaluating the adhesion and cohesion of the cemented joint. Based on the results, it is possible to recommend all of the tested sealants for sealing cementitious base materials that are exposed to compressive stress.
The assessment of the capacity of the existing detention reservoir – Lubina
Authors: Mydla Jakub
Published: October 2023

The presented article describes the assessment of the capacity of the existing detention reservoir with an alternative proposal for raising the dam and constructing an emergency spillway. The subject of the investigation was the capacity of the river bed under the polder too. The calculations were performed by numerical 2D modelling in the HEC-RAS program. Morphology data were obtained from own in-situ measurements and based on publically available data – DTM (digital terrain model).
Theoretical research of the layout of shear studs on steel-concrete composite beams
Authors: Hrabovska Kristyna
Published: October 2023

This research is focused on the distribution of shear studs on steel-concrete composite beams. In practise, two different centre to centre spacings of coupling elements are commonly used, depending on the shear force. The main aim of this work is to find the best position on the beam to change the axial distance of the coupling elements, so that the smallest possible number of them can be used. Making a change at this point on the beam will ensure the most economical solution for the amount of the shear studs used as well as their appropriate utilization. In this work, equations for the design of the amount and the placement of the coupling elements on the beam, which can speed up the design in practice, were derived. In addition, the influence of the individual input parameters of the calculation on the distribution of shear studs was also investigated.
Flame spreading across the green roof
Authors: Hobzova Klara , Pilinszki Martin , Skrek Daniel , Benes Petr , Benesova Romana
Published: October 2023

The main request for roof exposed to fire is the classification Broof (t3), which prevents the transfer and spread of flame on the surface, this is not required for green roof according to Czech fire standards and regulations. A fire can spread in three ways: direct contact, flying burning particles and thermal radiation. In most cases, the spread of fire between objects occurs with the help of radiation. The article deals with the difference in flame spread over the surface of a green roof during a normal fire without the influence of radiant heat and the Broof (t3) test, where the surface is exposed to radiant heat. The aim was to determine the dependence of flame spread on a flat green roof due to the effect of radiation during a fire and the possibility of endangering neighboring buildings.
The calibration of NLFE model for the assessment of the maximum punching capacity of flat slabs
Authors: Gregusova Natalia , Halvonik Jaroslav
Published: October 2023

The requirements on structural engineers to design more subtle flat slabs are still increasing and therefore they must often design a large amount of reinforcement against punching. The maximum amount of transverse reinforcement is limited by the maximum punching capacity of slab, so the precise determination of the limit is essential. In the second generation of Eurocode 2, the model for the assessment of the maximum possible increase of the punching shear resistance of slab is less empirical and it considers the performance of the punching shear reinforcement. The main objective of the paper is to develop nonlinear finite element model, which would determine as closely as possible the maximum punching capacity of flat slab, strongly reinforced with punching shear reinforcement. So that, an effect of some transverse reinforcement’s parameters on the maximum punching shear strength could be investigated quite easily. For this purpose, the software GID was used. The calibrated NLFE model showed quite good agreement with experiment. The difference is less than 8 %, even for slabs reinforced with double-headed studs it did not exceed 1%.
How to prepare for a greener future?
Authors: Vranayova Zuzana , Kaposztasova Daniela
Published: October 2023

The global buildings industry has an enormous responsibility to transform towards a regenerative and decarbonized future. The new project SECOVE 101056201 aims to establish a network of cooperation among Centre of Vocational Excellence (CoVEs) in the sector of clean and sustainable energy. The CoVEs will be established in 5 European countries (Greece, Spain, Italy, Slovakia, and Portugal) and will all cooperate transnationally with each other through common structured forms of dialogue and communication. The paper deals with the main activities and goals.
The assessment and treatment of waste from glass fibre production for use as a filler in composites
Authors: Hudec Jakubikova Karolina , Hermann Radek , Drochytka Rostislav
Published: October 2023

Waste glass from fibreglass production is waste that is generated at various stages of production. In nature, it is a combination of glass fibres, fine dust, but also larger glass grains, for example also from leakages during production. This material is or may be contaminated by impregnation, lubricants or some impurities that prevent its recovery during production. The main objective of this study is to assess the suitability of glass fibre waste and to optimise the pre-treatment of the raw material for use in the composite. This paper describes the determination of chemical composition, mineralogical composition by X-ray diffraction analysis, determination of bulk density, water absorption and specific surface area. The results obtained are compared with the primary raw material - glass fibre. The results showed that the waste from glass fibre production is primarily composed of silica, calcium, alumina and boron. Minor components include magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, fluorine, iron oxide, strontium oxide, potassium oxide, titanium dioxide, sulphur dioxide and chromium oxide. The specific surface area of treated glass fibre waste correlates with the specific surface area of cement, which is a prerequisite for the use of this waste as a partial substitute for cement in the production of building materials.
The effect of mesh density and element type on the analysis of 3D objects
Authors: Weissova Michala , Kvocak Vincent , Dubecky Daniel , Vanova Patricia
Published: October 2023

This paper focuses on the usage of mesh density and element type in the analysis of 3D objects, which are crucial components of 3D object Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis. The document is based on theoretical principles and will be supported by practical numerical examples using the FEM software Abaqus. In order to conduct an accurate FEM analysis, it is vital to employ an appropriate mesh that is easily convertible for calculations and free from imperfections. The suitability of the mesh depends on two key parameters: density, which is determined by the material being used, and element type, such as tetrahedrons, hexahedrons, polyhedrons, and others. Different types of elements and mesh densities in FEM software often involve multiple settings that primarily impact the accuracy of the model, as well as the calculation time and convergence quality. This article is divided into three sections: the first part focuses on the theoretical foundations, the second part presents a practical example, and the third part offers conclusions and comparisons.
Graves’ Orbitopathy Models: Valuable Tools for Exploring
Pathogenesis and Treatment
Authors: Wang Ling , Zhang Meng , Wang Yue , Shi Bingyin
Published: October 2023

Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) is the most common extrathyroidal complication
of Graves’ disease (GD) and severely affects quality of life. However,
its pathogenesis is still poorly understood, and therapeutic options are
limited. Animal models are important tools for preclinical research. The animals
in some previous models only exhibited symptoms of hyperthyroidism without
ocular lesions. With the improvements achieved in modeling methods, some
progressive animal models have been established. Immunization of mice with A
subunit of the human thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) by either
adenovirus or plasmid (with electroporation) is widely used and convincing.
These models are successful to identify that the gut microbiota influences the
occurrence and severity of GD and GO, and sex-related risk factors may be key
contributors to the female bias in the occurrence of GO rather than sex itself.
Some data provide insight that macrophages and CD8+ T cells may play an
important pathogenic role in the early stage of GO. Our team also replicated the
time window from GD onset to GO onset and identified a group of CD4+
cytotoxic T cells. In therapeutic exploration, TSHR derived peptides,
fingolimod, and rapamycin offer new potential options. Further clinical trials
are needed to investigate these drugs. With the increasing use of these animal
models and more in-depth studies of the new findings, scientists will gain a
clearer understanding of the pathogenesis of GO and identify more treatments for
patients.
The Associations of Maternal Blood Hemoglobin and Serum Triglyceride
Levels and the Risk of Preterm Delivery
Authors: Song Xia , Lin Jiujing , Dong Xiaoxiao , Li Mengyun , Xue Xiangsheng , Hou Chenyang , Yao Huichen , Hou Qingzhi
Published: October 2023

The abnormal hemoglobin (HGB) and serum lipid concentrations during pregnancy
will increase the risk of preterm delivery. Our study aimed to explore the
correlation between prenatal HGB and serum lipid levels and preterm delivery. We
enrolled 215 mother-infant pairs in a pilot cohort study. The logistic
regression model and Restricted Cubic Spline model (RCS) were used to
investigate the levels of prenatal blood HGB and serum lipid such as
triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low density
lipoprotein and preterm delivery. The results showed that moderate levels of
prenatal blood HGB (OR=0.28; 95%CI: 0.10, 0.75,
p-trend=0.018) and high level of serum TG (OR=0.29;
95%CI: 0.10, 0.84, p-trend=0.022) level were negatively
associated with the risk of preterm delivery. The joint effect results showed
that compared with lower level of prenatal blood HGB
(≤123.13 g/l) and TG
(≤3.7 mmol/l), we found that high levels prenatal blood
HGB and serum TG (OR=0.32, 95%CI: 0.12, 0.89) had a negative
association with the risk of preterm delivery. Moreover, prenatal blood HGB and
serum TG levels had negative linear dose-effect relationships with the risk of
preterm delivery in overall and girl group (p<0.05). Moderate levels of
prenatal blood HGB and high level of serum TG were negatively associated with
the risk of preterm delivery. The joint effect of high levels prenatal HGB and
prenatal serum TG in the normal range were negatively correlated with preterm
delivery. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms should be clarified in future
studies.
The Impact of the COVID Pandemic on Adrenal Surgery at an Academic
Endocrine Surgery Unit
Authors: Chiapponi Costanza , Faust Michael , Schmidt Matthias , Schier Robert , Thomas Michael , Stippel Dirk L. , Bruns Christiane Josephine , Alakus Hakan
Published: October 2023

COVID-19 has severely affected the delivery of surgical care worldwide. The aim
of the present study was to evaluate its impact on adrenal surgery at our
academic endocrine center. All primary adrenal surgeries performed at the
University Hospital of Cologne, Germany between 01.01.2019 and 31.07.2022 were
included. This time frame was divided into pre-Covid (before 02/20),
acute Covid (until 05/21), and post acute period (after
05/2021). Demographics, clinic-pathologic characteristics and treatment
of these patients were analyzed. One hundred adrenalectomies were included: 22
before, 30 during, and 48 after the acute phase. The percentage of Conn adenomas
and pheochromocytomas decreased during the acute phase (from 45.4 to
26.6% and from 18 to 10%, respectively) in favor of Cushing
adenomas and suspicious tumors (from 4.5 to 20% and from 31.8 to
36.6%). About 90.9% of tumors resected for suspicion of
malignancy were confirmed malignant by final histopathology, as opposed to
71.4% and 52.6% before and after the acute phase. The operative
technique was similar during the three phases (63% retroperitoneoscopic,
34% laparoscopic and 2% open resections), with a significantly
shorter operative time for retroperitoneoscopy (p=0.04). ICU monitoring
demand increased during the acute phase (from 13.6% to 43.3%),
according to the increase in Cushing adenomas and malignant tumors. During the
acute phase of COVID-19 pandemic adrenal surgery for Cushing and malignant
tumors increased, while a delay in pheochromocytoma surgery to the post acute
phase was observed. The suspicion of malignancy formulated by the endocrine
tumor board was accurate in 90.9% of cases.
Tasa de publicación de trabajos presentados en el congreso de la SCHOT entre 2013–2019
Authors: Yurac Ratko , Nuñez Marilaura , Ariztía Antonio , Figueroa María Loreto , Aguilera Andrés , Urrutia Julio , Figueroa David
Published: October 2023

Introducción La tasa de publicación es un parámetro ampliamente utilizado para evaluar la calidad de los congresos médicos, que varían entre un 36 a 67% en las distintas sociedades de Traumatología y Ortopedia. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue evaluar la tasa de publicación de los resúmenes presentados en congresos de la Sociedad Chilena de Ortopedia y Traumatología (SCHOT).

Material y Métodos Estudio observacional transversal. Se revisó la base de datos de la SCHOT con los resúmenes de trabajos libres presentados en los congresos de la SCHOT entre los años 2013 y 2019. Se realizó una búsqueda de cada resumen en Medline, SciELO, Google Scholar y Revista SCHOT, con el fin de identificar la coincidencia de la publicación con el resumen. Se definió como publicación coincidente aquella con títulos idénticos o con modificaciones menores entre el resumen y la publicación.

Resultados Se evaluaron 1599 trabajos orales presentados en pódium, 215 terminaron en publicación en alguna revista (13,5%). Los estudios observacionales (n = 171) representaron un 79,5%, mientras que los estudios experimentales (n = 44) representaron el 20,5% restante. Los comités con mayor tasa de publicación fueron rodilla (23,7%), tobillo y pie (17,8%).

Conclusión Entre los años 2013 y 2019 la tasa de publicación de trabajos presentados en congreso SCHOT fue 13,5% la que es menor en comparación a estudios internacionales similares. Los datos reportados en este estudio podrían promover que futuros autores que presenten en el congreso de la SCHOT logren publicaciones científicas, incrementando la actividad académica en nuestra especialidad.
Caso clínico: Sarcoma de Ewing periostal en húmero proximal
Authors: Castro Herrán Hari Isvara , Riquelme Stagnaro María Emilia , Zamora Helo Tomás , Muñoz Laura Fonseca , Botello Correa Eduardo
Published: October 2023

El sarcoma de Ewing es el tercer tumor óseo maligno más frecuente, presentándose en el 80% de los casos en pacientes menores de 20 años. Histológicamente se compone de células pequeñas redondas con núcleos redondos con cromatina y citoplasma eosinofílico. Para su diagnóstico definitivo es necesario el estudio molecular. Clásicamente, afecta la cavidad medular de la diáfisis de huesos largos, sin embargo, tiene presentaciones menos frecuentes como la extra ósea y la periostal. Se presenta un reporte de caso de un paciente de 17 años con un aumento de volumen progresivo en húmero proximal izquierdo, con estudios imagenológicos compatibles con una lesión tumoral periostal que respeta la cavidad medular. Se realizó una biopsia del tumor con confirmación histopatológica y molecular de sarcoma de Ewing el cuál fue tratado con quimioterapia y radioterapia concomitante, obteniendo una disminución progresiva del tamaño de la lesión, por lo que no fue necesario realizar cirugía. El sarcoma de Ewing periostal es una entidad extremadamente inusual con pocos casos reportados en la literatura, lo que hace importante reconocer y tratar oportunamente estas lesiones óseas agresivas.
Luxofractura Hamate Metacarpiana. Presentación de 4 Casos y Revisión de la Literatura
Authors: Andrade Paulina Alejandra Ferrada , Castillo Alberto Hernán Pérez , Hernández Carlos Felipe Muñoz
Published: October 2023

Las luxofracturas hamate metacarpianas abarcan una amplia gama de lesiones complejas, raras en su aparición; suelen originarse al golpear con el puño objetos sólidos o por accidentes de alta energía. Clínicamente, el paciente presenta dolor y aumento de volumen en el borde cubital proximal de la mano. El diagnóstico definitivo esta dado por imágenes, en primera instancia, radiografías en cuatro proyecciones: postero anterior, oblicua en 30 grados, 60 grados y lateral, las cuales muestran el desplazamiento y rasgos de fractura. Idealmente debe complementarse con tomografía computada. El tratamiento es quirúrgico en general. Si se logra reducción óptima de forma cerrada se puede fijar percutáneo, pero con bajo umbral para realizar reducción abierta fijándose con agujas de Kirschner, tornillos o placa con el fin de disminuir el riesgo de mal unión, artrosis postraumática y dolor crónico. Presentamos 4 casos de pacientes con esta patología, con un seguimiento de 38 meses en promedio, que se sometieron a tratamiento quirúrgico en el mismo centro, con excelentes resultados funcionales reflejados en un DASH promedio de 9 puntos. Mostramos, además, una síntesis de la evidencia disponible, para guiar el manejo de una lesión de baja frecuencia, pero de importante implicancia para el pronóstico funcional de la mano.
Factors determining the entrepreneurial intentions among Chinese university students: the moderating impact of student internship motivation
Authors: Mensah Isaac Kofi , Khan Muhammad Khalil , Mwakapesa Deborah Simon
Published: October 2023

The development of entrepreneurship spirit among young people is instrumental in empowering and invigorating them to take up entrepreneurial activities and become entrepreneurs. Understanding the psychological motivations (behavioral intentions) for people to become entrepreneurs is essential for the development of requisite policy and for creating a sustainable environment for entrepreneurs to grow and survive. Grounded on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this paper examines the factors driving the entrepreneurial intentions of students by specifically examining how student internship motivations (SIM) moderate the impact of entrepreneurial attitude (EA), subjective norms (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), entrepreneurial education (EE), and entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) on college students’ entrepreneurial intentions (SEI). A total of 478 valid responses gathered via a self-administered questionnaire from Chinese College students were analyzed with SPSS-26 by applying multiple linear regression analysis, moderation, and slope analysis. Results indicate that EA, SN, PBC, EE, and ESE positively influence college SEI. Most importantly, the moderation and slope analysis indicate that SIM significantly but negatively moderates the impact of EA, SN, PBC, and ESE on the entrepreneurial intentions of college students. SIM, however, failed to significantly influence the effect of EE on the SEI. The inferences (both academic and practical) of these discoveries for the development of sustainable entrepreneurial and internship programs are deliberated.
Development of a cavity ring-down spectrometer toward multi-species composition
Authors: Barbosa Luís Felipe F. M. , Dubowik Philip B. , Reddemann Manuel A. , Kneer Reinhold
Published: October 2023

This work presents the development of a cavity ring-down spectrometer (CRDS) designed for the detection of several molecules relevant for air pollution, including the second overtone of ro-vibration transitions from CO at 1.58 µm and NO at 1.79 µm. A unique feature of this CRDS is the use of custom mirrors with a reflectivity of about 99.99% from 1.52 to 1.80 µm, enabling efficient laser coupling into the cavity while ensuring a minimum detectable absorbance of 1.1 × 10−10 cm−1 within an integration time of about 1.2 s. In this work, the successful implementation of the current CRDS is demonstrated in two different wavelength regions. At 1.79 µm, the transitions R17.5 and R4.5 of the second overtone of NO are detected. At 1.58 µm, carbon dioxide and water vapor from untreated ambient air are measured, serving as an example to investigate the suitability of a post-processing procedure for the determination of the molar fraction in a multi-species composition. This post-processing procedure has the benefit of being calibration-free and SI-traceable. Additionally, CRDS measurements of gas mixtures containing CO and CO2 are also shown. In the future, the advantages of the developed cavity ring-down spectrometer will be exploited in order to perform fundamental studies on the transport processes of heterogeneous catalysis by locally resolving the gas phase near a working catalytic surface. The possibility to cover a broad wavelength region with this CRDS opens up the opportunity to investigate different catalytic reactions, including CO oxidation and NO reduction.
Analysis of a UV photocatalytic oxidation-based disinfection system for hydroxyl radicals, negative air ions generation and their impact on inactivation of pathogenic micro-organisms
Authors: Ahlawat Kiran , Jangra Ramavtar , Ish Ambar , Dixit Ambesh , Fulwani Deepak , Jain Neha , Prakash Ram
Published: October 2023

This work presents a large-scale surface disinfection system, which has a unique lantern arrangement of ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light (254 nm) in conjunction with nanotechnology in a protective biosafety environment. Shadow regions are best dealt in this system by the generation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and negative air ions at sites where UV light cannot penetrate. More than 35 000 negative air ions/cm3 along with •OH were produced continuously in the disinfection chamber through the advanced photocatalytic oxidation process [UV-C + titanium dioxide (TiO2)]. The arrangement has been made to provide an optimized UV irradiation (∼2 mW/cm2) throughout the disinfection system. In order to distinguish between effects arising from (i) the action of UV dose alone and (ii) the action of UV dose along with •OH and negative air ions, E. coli and P. aeruginosa were chosen for bacterial testing and two interventions were made. The first intervention involved placing only UV lamps in the disinfection chamber to see the effect of only UV dose on bacterial inactivation efficiency. The second intervention involved placing the TiO2 nanoparticle coated aluminum plates along with UV lamps; this allows for the generation of negative air ions and •OH inside the disinfection chamber and enhanced bacterial inactivation efficiency. More than 95% bacterial inactivation efficiency has been reported in the case of UV-C + TiO2 compared to only 77% in UV only at the same time interval (90 s).
Wronskian solutions and linear superposition of rational solutions to B-type Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation
Authors: Chen Yu , Lü Xing
Published: October 2023

The Wronskian solutions to the B-type Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (BKP) equation are discussed based on the Plücker relation. Rational solutions, positon solutions, negaton solutions, and complexiton solutions to the BKP equation are directly constructed. The Wronskian formulation is employed to generate rational solutions in the form of determinants. A polynomial identity is demonstrated that an arbitrary linear combination of two Wronskian polynomial solutions of different orders is again a solution to the bilinear BKP equation. The validity of the linear superposition principle can be inferred for two Wronskian rational solutions to certain equations under specific conditions.
A numerical solver for active hydrodynamics in three dimensions and its application to active turbulence
Authors: Singh Abhinav , Suhrcke Philipp H. , Incardona Pietro , Sbalzarini Ivo F.
Published: October 2023

We present a higher-order convergent numerical solver for active polar hydrodynamics in three-dimensional domains of arbitrary shape, along with a scalable open-source software implementation for shared- and distributed-memory parallel computers. This enables the computational study of the nonlinear dynamics of out-of-equilibrium materials from first principles. We numerically solve the nonlinear active Ericksen–Leslie hydrodynamic equations of three-dimensional (3D) active nematics using both a meshfree and a hybrid particle-mesh method in either the Eulerian or Lagrangian frame of reference. The solver is validated against a newly derived analytical solution in 3D and implemented using the OpenFPM software library for scalable scientific computing. We then apply the presented method to studying the transition of 3D active polar fluids to spatiotemporal chaos, the emergence of coherent angular motion in a 3D annulus, and chiral vortices in symmetric and asymmetric 3D shapes resembling dividing cells. Overall, this provides a robust and efficient open-source simulation framework for 3D active matter with verified numerical convergence and scalability on parallel computers.
Negative capacitance field-effect transistors based on ferroelectric AlScN and 2D MoS2
Authors: Song Seunguk , Kim Kwan-Ho , Chakravarthi Srikrishna , Han Zirun , Kim Gwangwoo , Ma Kyung Yeol , Shin Hyeon Suk , Olsson Roy H. , Jariwala Deep
Published: October 2023

Al0.68Sc0.32N (AlScN) has gained attention for its outstanding ferroelectric properties, including a high coercive field and high remnant polarization. Although AlScN-based ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FETs) for memory applications have been demonstrated, a device for logic applications with minimal hysteresis has not been reported. This study reports on the transport characteristics of a MoS2 negative capacitance FET (NCFET) based on an AlScN ferroelectric material. We experimentally demonstrate the effect of a dielectric layer in the gate stack on the memory window and subthreshold swing (SS) of the NCFET. We show that the hysteresis behavior of transfer characteristics in the NCFET can be minimized with the inclusion of a non-ferroelectric dielectric layer, which fulfills the capacitance-matching condition. Remarkably, we also observe the NC effect in MoS2/AlScN NCFETs arrays based on large-area monolayer MoS2 synthesized by chemical vapor deposition, showing the SS values smaller than its thermionic limit (∼36 to 60 mV/dec) and minimal variation in threshold voltages (<20 mV).
Multilevel nonvolatile photomemory with long-term robust optical retention based on photoinduced depolarization
Authors: Zhu Xiaoxiao , Lu Wei , Zhang Chi , Cui Xuan , Ning Jing , Zhang Jincheng , Wang Dong , Hao Yue
Published: October 2023

Ferroelectric memory is promising for implementing emerging information technologies, including digital storage and analog computing. Two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectric materials retain robust room-temperature ferroelectric characteristics at the single-layer limit, surpassing traditional ferroelectric materials. This characteristic enables further advancements in device miniaturization to meet the growing demand. Herein, we manufactured a metal–insulator–ferroelectric–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MIFSFET) using a 2D ferroelectric material (α-In2Se3), which displayed nonvolatile characteristics. Based on the mechanism of photoinduced depolarization in a ferroelectric semiconductor, the MIFSFET device can be used as a photomemory, capable of storing an optical image for up to 1000 s with minimal information loss and can achieve a multistate photoresponse induced by an optical pulse. Moreover, it can function as a ferroelectric memory, with an on/off ratio exceeding 106, endurance of above 3000 cycles, and stable retention. The proposed MIFSFET demonstrated excellent optical image sensing and memory functions, presenting a feasible approach for developing efficient visual systems in the future.
Deep learning assisted inverse design of metamaterial microwave absorber
Authors: Xie Chen , Li Haonan , Cui Chenyang , Lei Haodong , Sun Yingjie , Zhang Chi , Zhang Yaqiang , Dong Hongxing , Zhang Long
Published: October 2023

To accelerate the design of metamaterial microwave absorbers (MMAs), in this work, we developed a deep neural network model to predict the spectrum based on the known structural parameters at the beginning. Then, a tandem network was constructed, which can predict the geometries of an unknown MMA based on a desired absorption characteristics with a small mean square errors of validation set (8.3 × 10−4). With the help of the tandem network, a dual band absorber that achieves an absorption rate greater than 85% in the range of 5.1–14 GHz was obtained. By comparing with traditional methods, the demonstrated methodology can greatly accelerate the whole process and realize an inverse design.