bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Movie 2 from Claudin-4 Modulates Autophagy via SLC1A5/LAT1 as a Mechanism to Regulate Micronuclei
Authors: Villagomez Fabian R. , Lang Julie , Rosario Fredrick J. , Nunez-Avellaneda Daniel , Webb Patricia , Neville Margaret , Woodruff Elizabeth R. , Bitler Benjamin G.
Published: September 2024

Movie 2 - GFP
Figure 2 from MYC is Sufficient to Generate Mid-Life High-Grade Serous Ovarian and Uterine Serous Carcinomas in a p53-R270H Mouse Model
Authors: Blackman Alexandra , Rees Amy C. , Bowers Robert R. , Jones Christian M. , Vaena Silvia G. , Clark Madison A. , Carter Shelby , Villamor Evan D. , Evans Della , Emanuel Anthony J. , Fullbright George , O’Malley Matthew S. , Carpenter Richard L. , Long David T. , Spruill Laura S. , Romeo Martin J. , Orr Brian C. , Helke Kristi L. , Delaney Joe R.
Published: September 2024

Middle-age presentation of ovarian and peritoneal tumors. A, Lifespan data from mice euthanized due to tumor burden criteria. B, Example of a dissected reproductive tract from a mouse with obvious macroscopic ovarian tumors. C, Examples of widespread intra-abdominal disease, including liver invasion (L), peritoneal tumors (P), splenic tumor (S), and ovarian tumors (Ov). L, liver invasion; Ov, ovarian tumors; P, peritoneal tumors; S, splenic tumor.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Epigenetic Induction of Cancer-Testis Antigens and Endogenous Retroviruses at Single-Cell Level Enhances Immune Recognition and Response in Glioma
Authors: Lai Thomas J. , Sun Lu , Li Kevin , Prins Terry J. , Treger Janet , Li Tie , Sun Matthew Z. , Nathanson David A. , Liau Linda M. , Lai Albert , Prins Robert M. , Everson Richard G.
Published: September 2024

Fig S4 A-C
Supplementary Figure 1 from Epigenetic Induction of Cancer-Testis Antigens and Endogenous Retroviruses at Single-Cell Level Enhances Immune Recognition and Response in Glioma
Authors: Lai Thomas J. , Sun Lu , Li Kevin , Prins Terry J. , Treger Janet , Li Tie , Sun Matthew Z. , Nathanson David A. , Liau Linda M. , Lai Albert , Prins Robert M. , Everson Richard G.
Published: September 2024

Fig S1A-D
Preference and plasticity in selection of host for oviposition in Black Marsh Dart Onychargia atrocyana Selys, 1865 (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platycnemididae)
Authors: Jana Pathik K. , Mallick Priyanka Halder , Bhattacharya Tanmay
Published: September 2024

An experimental study was conducted in a natural pond to investigate host plant preference and plasticity in damselfly Onychargia atrocyana. The hypothesis was that this species has a host preference for oviposition and also sufficient plasticity to use other hosts in the absence of the preferred host. After mating, tandems were observed landing on plants in search of suitable oviposition substrates. The majority of landings occurred on Alternanthera philoxeroides, followed by Colocasia esculenta and Commelina diffusa. The frequency of landings on A. philoxeroides and C. esculenta was not significantly different, while landings on C. esculenta and C. diffusa did differ significantly. In the absence of emergent littoral plants, the damselflies exhibited plasticity in host preference and shifted ovipositional substrate by laying eggs on submerged areas of petioles of free-floating Eichhornia crassipes. Females of O. atrocyana exhibited a flexible oviposition strategy, transitioning from a combination of emergent and submerged oviposition to primarily selecting emergent oviposition in most cases. Additionally, they divided oviposition events into multiple phases when required to ensure successful reproduction. E. crassipes supported a higher rate of oviposition compared to other plants. A multiple regression analysis demonstrated that during submerged oviposition water temperature and pH were significant predictors of the duration of submergence.
Rare Honey Badger Mellivora capensis (Schreber, 1776) sighted in Tarai East Forest Division, Haldwani, Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Kumar Prashant , Bhaskar C. Joshi  , Anand Singh Bisht  , Himanshu Bagri
Published: September 2024

The presence of Honey Badger Mellivora capensis (Schreber, 1776) is widely distributed but in-depth of ecological understanding this species is still lacking from Asian portion of its global range. The species is listed in Scheduled-I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 providing it with the highest level of protection as this is very rare. The current note presents, the first known camera-trap records of this species in Tarai East Forest Division (TEFD), Uttarakhand, India. During the survey exercise, a total 35 camera traps were randomly installed in different habitats (e.g. Natural Sal forest patch, Mixed forests, Sharda River-Canal) in Surai range of the division. As resulted, two images of Honey Badger were captured from the Sharda River bank–Canal habitat of Bagha-I beat, of Surai range. The camera trap study suggests that Honey Badger is rarely sighted in Tarai east sal forest. For protection and management of this species, further need to generate more information and in-depth understanding of their ecological and of population status in around forest habitat of the division.
Flowers of labour – Commelinaceae of India: Book review
Authors: Rajeev Kumar Singh
Published: September 2024

Edition 2024 (2 April 2024), 219 pages + 14 photo-plates
ISBN-13: 978-9334053968Published by Parambi Plant Research and Education Foundation, Pune, Maharashtra 411041, India
Government Fragmentation and Economic Growth
Authors: Cassidy Traviss , Velayudhan Tejaswi
Published: September 2024

We estimate the impact of local government fragmentation on economic activity in Indonesia over 2000–2014, when the number of districts increased by 50 percent. Exploiting idiosyncratic variation in the timing of district splits, we find that fragmentation reduces district GDP in the short termdespite large increases in central transfers. The GDP decline is larger in “child” districts that acquire a new capital and government. Furthermore, splitting districts focus spending on administration without improving public services or reducing red tape and corruption. The downsides of fragmentation due to economies of scale and low bureaucratic capacity outweigh potential upsides.
Disentangling the Effects of the 2018-2019 Tariffs on a Globally Connected U.S. Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Flaaen Aaron , Pierce Justin
Published: September 2024

This paper estimates the relationship between the U.S. tariff increases of 2018-2019 and outcomes in domestic manufacturing. Despite being intended to boost manufacturing activity, we find U.S. industries more exposed to tariff increases experience relative reductions in employment, as a small positive effect from import protection is offset by larger negative effects from rising input costs and retaliatory tariffs. Higher tariffs are also associated with relative increases in producer prices due to rising input costs. Lastly, we document broader labor market impacts, as counties more exposed to rising tariffs exhibit relative increases in unemployment and declines in labor force participation.
Random Subspace Local Projections
Authors: Dinh Viet Hoang , Nibbering Didier , Wong Benjamin
Published: September 2024

We show how random subspace methods can be adapted to estimating local projections with many controls. Random subspace methods have their roots in the machine learning literature and are implemented by averaging over regressions estimated over different combinations of subsets of these controls. We document three key results: (i) Our approach can successfully recover the impulse response functions across Monte Carlo experiments representative of different macroeconomic settings and identification schemes. (ii) Our results suggest that random subspace methods are more accurate than other dimension reduction methods if the underlying large dataset has a factor structure similar to typical macroeconomic datasets such as FRED-MD. (iii) Our approach leads to differences in the estimated impulse response functions relative to benchmark methods when applied to two widely studied empirical applications.
Social Preferences and Redistributive Politics
Authors: Fehr Ernst , Epper Thomas , Senn Julien
Published: September 2024

We study the link between social preferences and a behaviorally validated measure of support for redistribution. We uncover three fundamentally distinct social preference types: predominantly selfish, inequality averse and altruistic individuals. Inequality averse and altruistic individuals display a much stronger support for redistribution, particularly if they are more affluent. Beliefs about the role of effort and luck for success play no role for selfish individuals but are highly relevant for other-regarding individuals. Finally, while inequality averse individuals display strong support for policies aimed at reducing the incomes of the rich, altruistic individuals are considerably less supportive of these policies.
Gender Relations in Late Sixteenth-Century German Jest Narratives
Authors: Classen Albrecht
Published: September 2024

Social historians have often overlooked the evidence of popular literature as a reflection of common cultural conditions and the history of everyday life. But if we want to understand sixteenth-century society, such as in the Holy Roman Empire where the Protestant Reformation had brought about major upheavals, we would be well advised to consider the value of jest narratives that appealed to wider audiences, and this well into the seventeenth century. One of the issues in recent social-historical research has been gender relationships, whether we think of love, sexuality, marriage, or divorce. To shed light on this concern, relevant for all adults throughout early modern society, this article examines the statements about women and their relationships with their husbands in the Lalebuch (first printed in 1597) to gain a better understanding of the dominant patriarchal concepts and their challenges. Even though the anonymous author did not intend, as far as we can tell, to provide specific information about the gender relationship, in the background of the narrative we can discover numerous references of relevance for the exploration of the everyday life situation at the end of the sixteenth century concerning women’s roles within marriage and within their community.
Zu den Bezeichnungen für ‘Hügel’ im Niederländischen und Deutschen
Authors: Quak Arend
Published: September 2024

This article deals with the terms for ‘hill, hillock’ in Dutch and German. The common word in Modern Dutch (heuvel) has equivalents in Old Dutch and Old Saxon, especially in place names. The claim that it was imported into Dutch from eastern dialects is untenable. It is more likely that it originated in a Frankish dialect. In Modern German the term Bühel was generally used until it was replaced by the younger form Hügel, orginating in the Low or Middle German. It is furthermore suggested that the forms *huƀil-, *hugil- and *hukil- ‘hill, hillock’ are variants of one and the same word in the various dialects of Dutch and Low German.
To Sever the Limbs of US Imperialism: North Korean Support for Latin American Guerrilla Movements in the 1960s
Authors: Taylor Moe
Published: September 2024

During the 1960s North Korea was connected to at least nine armed leftist rebel groups in seven countries in Latin America. Pyongyang primarily supported the revolutionary aims of these groups by providing them with military training inside the dprk. This agenda stemmed from the dprk leadership’s analysis of the international situation, one heavily influenced by its experience in the Korean War and Lenin’s theory of imperialism. This analysis identified the defeat of US imperialism as the primary task of the international Left, and that this could be achieved by the proliferation of armed insurgencies throughout the global South. By contrast, the Latin American militants who travelled to the dprk to undergo intensive military training were in search of personal transformation. Inspired by the Cuban Revolution and its doctrine of foquismo, these young radicals sought a transformative experience that would facilitate their evolution from “ordinary” civilians into revolutionary guerrillas.
Amberground serpulid polychaetes on mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber
Authors: ZHANG YUAN-YUAN , HUANG DI-YING
Published: September 2024

The mid-Cretaceous Burmese (Kachin) amber is renowned for its diverse inclusions and the insights they provide into ancient biodiversity. Several amberground marine animals have been hitherto reported. Here, we document a new amberground discovery: polychaete dwelling tubes, suggesting a coastal environment inhabited by multiple serpulid species. This finding provides further insights into the depositional palaeoenvironment and palaeoecology of the Burmese amber.
The third mesomegaloprepid damselfly from the mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber (Odonata: Zygoptera)
Authors: NEL ANDRÉ , WANG YE-HAO , HUANG DI-YING
Published: September 2024

Mesomegaloprepus liea sp. nov., the third species of the family Mesomegaloprepidae, is described from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber. To date, this family is only known from the Cretaceous Burma paleo-island (also referred to as the Burmese terrane), although it probably originated in the Gondwana continent during the early Cretaceous. It possibly knew a phenomenon of endemism diversification.
Childhood Prevalence and Latent Classes of Behavioral Issues in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development-Social Development Dataset
Authors: Wojciechowski Thomas , Ahonen Lia , McCoy Henrika
Published: September 2024

This study sought to identify latent classes of early-life behavioral issues among a sample of youth and compare to previous results obtained from a justice-involved youth sample. The first wave of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development-Social Development Study was analyzed. Latent class analysis was used to identify within-person latent clusters of behavioral issues (violence, stealing, substance use, being disruptive, cheating). A three-class model best fit the data. These three classes were characterized by low prevalence of all behaviors (Low), high prevalence of stealing (Stealing Only), and high prevalence of cheating and violence (Cheating and Violence). This finding demonstrated some similarities to classes identified in a justice-involved youth sample, but also some distinct differences.
Socioeconomic Inequality in Accessing Professional Higher Education in India: New Evidence from a Household Survey
Authors: Choudhury Pradeep Kumar , Kumar Amit
Published: September 2024

Using the latest National Statistical Office (NSO) education round data, we investigate the role of gender, caste and economic status of households in explaining the variations in access to professional higher education (PHE) in India. Overall, our results show significant gender and socioeconomic inequality in access to PHE courses such as engineering, management, medicine and law. For instance, we find that male students are 12.6 per cent more likely to enrol in PHE courses than their female counterparts, and this pro-male preference is more pronounced for poor households. In addition, youth belonging to scheduled caste and scheduled tribe backgrounds are less likely to access PHE than upper caste counterparts, and a considerable portion of this difference can be removed by controls for households’ economic status. These findings are significant for the recently adopted National Education Policy 2020 , which aims to make the Indian higher education system egalitarian and inclusive.

JEL Codes: I21, I24
Healthcare Professional’s Attitudes Toward Male Nurses Working in the Context of Pediatric Care
Authors: Ageeli Maryam A. , Alharbi Manal F.
Published: September 2024

To examine the attitudes of healthcare professionals (HCPs) toward male nurses working in the context of pediatric care. This cross-sectional quantitative using purposeful sampling of 135 participants. The questionnaire gathered socio-demographic data, including age, gender, marital status, nationality, and education. It also examined cultural influences and beliefs as barriers. The opinions about male nurses were evaluated using the attitude of people toward men in the nursing profession (AMnQ) scale. The relationship between attitudes toward men in nursing and cultural/organizational factors had no statistical differences ( P > .05). However, age groups, encouraging male family members to pursue nursing, and working with male nurses in pediatric units showed statistically different attitude levels ( P = .029, .008, .001). HCPs’ positive attitude toward male nurses can eliminate gender bias. Male nurses serve as role models, supervising and monitoring work. Nursing education programs must address this challenge and promote gender balance to attract more men to the profession. The nursing field is evolving, with more male pediatric nurses joining the workforce. However, male pediatric nurses face challenges in leadership and management roles due to gender bias, lack of career advancement opportunities, and inadequate support from colleagues. They also struggle to build relationships with patients and families due to societal norms and gender stereotypes. Nursing leadership must address these issues to create a more inclusive environment for male pediatric nurses, ultimately enhancing the quality of healthcare services for pediatric patients.
Omega-3 fatty acids as a treatment option in periodontitis: Systematic review of preclinical studies
Authors: Neprelyuk Olga A , Irza Oksana L , Kriventsov Maxim A
Published: September 2024

Background: Periodontitis presents as a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the gingival tissues and structures surrounding the tooth. However, the existing approaches for periodontitis do not allow complete control of the disease. In this regard, an active search is being carried out both in preclinical and clinical studies for new approaches based, among other things, on nutraceuticals. Aim: This systematic review aimed to summarize and systematize data from preclinical studies on the effects of the use of polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids in experimentally induced periodontitis. Methods: A systematic search for research articles was performed using electronic scientific databases. Only original in vivo experimental studies investigating the use of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in experimentally induced periodontitis were included. Quality and risk of bias assessment (Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation) and quality of evidence assessment (using the modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach) were performed. Results: Nineteen studies were included in this systematic review. It has been shown that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may decrease the progression of periodontitis with amelioration of alveolar bone loss along with decreased pro-inflammatory response and inhibition of osteoclasts. Despite the promising results, most of the analyzed studies were characterized by low to moderate quality and a significant risk of bias. Conclusion: Based on the retrieved data, the possibility of extrapolating the obtained results to humans is limited, indicating the need for additional studies to elucidate the key patterns and mechanisms of action of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their endogenous metabolites in experimentally induced periodontitis.
Exit strategies
Authors: Cooper Melinda
Published: September 2024

This paper approaches Quinn Slobodian’s work as a working guide to contemporary capitalist strategies of exit and containment. It asks what challenges this poses to anti-state critique from the left and what lessons might be learned.
Introducing PEIG 2.0: Sixty-nine years of partisan electoral interventions 1946–2014
Authors: Levin Dov H
Published: September 2024

In this article we introduce an updated version of the Partisan Electoral Intervention by Great-powers (PEIG) dataset, which collects data on situations where a foreign power tries to determine the election results in another country. This version expands the temporal coverage of PEIG into much of the Post-Cold War era and checks for possible unconfirmed or undetected cases in the period covered by PEIG 1.0, leading to an expanded PEIG 2.0 dataset with a 25.5% increase in temporal coverage and a 37.4% increase in the overall number of electoral intervention cases. After describing the PEIG dataset update process, we describe the patterns of electoral interventions in the Post-Cold War era in comparison with the Cold War era. We then examine the possibility of shifts in their effects in the Post-Cold War era by replicating one key result using the previous version of PEIG, finding no such effect.
Enhanced osseointegration and antimicrobial properties of 3D-Printed porous titanium alloys with copper-strontium doped calcium silicate coatings
Authors: Cheng Xin qi , Xu Wei , Shao Long hui , Shen Hua qiao , Liu Hong wei
Published: September 2024

The 3D printing of porous titanium scaffolds reduces the elastic modulus of titanium alloys and promotes osteogenic integration. However, due to the biological inertness of titanium alloy materials, the implant-bone tissue interface is weakly bonded. A calcium silicate (CS) coating doped with polymetallic ions can impart various biological properties to titanium alloy materials. In this study, CuO and SrO binary-doped CS coatings were prepared on the surface of 3D-printed porous titanium alloy scaffolds using atmospheric plasma spraying and characterized by SEM, EDS, and XRD. Both CuO and SrO were successfully incorporated into the CS coating. The in vivo osseointegration evaluation of the composite coating-modified 3D-printed porous titanium alloy scaffolds was conducted using a rabbit bone defect model, showing that the in vivo osseointegration of 2% CuO-10% SrO-CS-modified 3D-printed porous titanium alloy was improved. The in vitro antimicrobial properties of the 2% CuO-10% SrO-CS-modified 3D-printed porous titanium alloy were evaluated through bacterial platform coating, co-culture liquid absorbance detection, and crystal violet staining experiments, demonstrating that the composite coating exhibited good antimicrobial properties. In conclusion, the composite scaffold possesses both osteointegration-promoting and antimicrobial properties, indicating a broad potential for clinical applications.
The Temporal Pattern of Repeat Intimate Partner Violence Incidents Among High-Risk Survivors in Taiwan: A Survival Analysis
Authors: Cheng Shih-Ying , Wang Pei-Ling , Lin Hsiu-Fen , Schindeler Bianca , Yen Yu-Ju , Messing Jill Theresa
Published: September 2024

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is rarely an isolated incident, with survivors often experiencing repeat violence. Few studies, however, have been conducted to investigate the temporal pattern of IPV revictimization using a validated risk assessment instrument. In Taiwan, service professionals are mandated to report any known IPV incidents using the Taiwan Intimate Partner Violence Danger Assessment (TIPVDA), a validated risk assessment designed to assess the level of lethality faced by IPV survivors. The mandatory reporting policy and the universal use of the TIPVDA provide a unique opportunity to investigate the time course of repeat IPV victimization. This study analyzes high-risk IPV incidents ( n = 18,740) reported in Taiwan from 2017 to 2019 using Cox regression analysis. Analysis results suggested three main findings: (a) The time interval between IPV victimizations shortened and the severity of violence increased; (b) the TIPVDA score was consistently associated with repeat victimization, unlike self-assessed dangerousness; (c) specific TIPVDA items, such as IPV history and financial stress, predicted the rate of repeat victimization. Those who reported ever being hurt by their partner during pregnancy, an escalation in physical violence during the past year, their partner threatening to kill them, and their partner being stressed about their financial situation were likely to have a faster rate of reporting the second and third high-risk victimization reports. These findings highlight the importance of using validated risk assessments in practice, not only for predicting reassault, severe reassault, or homicide but also for estimating the timing of revictimization. This can significantly inform intervention strategies and policy decisions.
Nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller-based path tracking control for autonomous vehicles considering multiple-uncertainties disturbances
Authors: Guo Lie , Guan Longxin , Jiang Huihua , Ma Hui , Xu Linli , Wang Xu
Published: September 2024

Autonomous vehicle path tracking is faced with the influence of multiple-uncertainties disturbances such as modeling inaccuracy, parameter perturbation, network delays and external environmental disturbances, which can easily lead to the degradation of tracking accuracy and driving safety. For this kind of problem, this paper proposes a path tracking fusion control strategy combining nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller (NTSMC) and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) to effectively improve the influence of multiple-uncertainties disturbances. Firstly, a tracking error model considering multiple-uncertainties disturbances is established, on the basis of which a nonsingular terminal sliding mode surface is designed. Then, the adaptive law of RBFNN is derived to realize the real-time estimation and compensation of the multiple-uncertainties disturbances by adopting Lyapunov stability theorem, which constitutes a composite NTSMC-RBFNN controller. The complex path tracking problem is simplified to a convergence problem of the tracking error in the finite time domain and the closed-loop system stability is proved through Lyapunov theorem. Finally, experiments are implemented based on Carsim-Simulink and hardware-in-loop (HiL) platform, respectively. The results show that the proposed controller can make the system error converge in a finite time with good real-time performance and tracking ability.
Automatic batching compound fertilizer production system based on parallel bin structure
Authors: Wang Tao
Published: September 2024

Fertilizers play a very important role in ensuring the continuous increase in production and income of crop producers. However, in the production process of compound fertilizers, due to the lag and external interference in the production process of fertilizer ingredients, problems with yield and quality can arise. Therefore, the accuracy of ingredients plays a crucial role in the production of compound fertilizers. This article focuses on the complex production process of compound fertilizers, using a parallel weighing bin structure to design a batching control scheme. The upper computer provides a relatively good and intuitive human–machine interface. By using WinCC software, real-time communication between the programmable logic controller system and the remote computer system can be achieved through the online network, thereby achieving effective monitoring and unified management of the entire system process, and achieving precise control of material distribution. Through the analysis of software and hardware, as well as the setting of on-site equipment, the composition of composite fertilizers was analyzed, indicating that this method has good application prospects as a batching control scheme.
Endothelial Damage Due to Ischemia and Reperfusion is Prevented with SIN-1
Authors: Johnson D. , Freischlag J. A. , Lesniak R. , Kelly H. , Mudaliar J. H. , Cambria R. A. , Seabrook M. D. G. R. , Towne J. B.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Acute ischemia followed by reperfusion results in direct endothelial damage characterized by cell swelling, increased permeability and loss of acetylcholine-mediated vasorelaxation. Ischemia followed by reperfusion in a New Zealand white rabbit hindlimb has been shown to result in loss of acetylcholine-induced relaxation of superficial femoral arteries. This loss of relaxation in response to acetylcholine is a reflection of the decreased nitric oxide availability that occurs with reperfusion injury. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of SIN-1. a direct nitric oxide donor, on this endothelial injury.

Methods:

New Zealand white rabbits underwent complete ischemia of the right hindlimb for 3 h followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Aliquots of 20 ml of either 0.88-mM S1N-1 or normal saline was infused via a lateral branch of the right common iliac artery during the first 20 min of reperfusion. Sham vessels were subjected to the 5-h operative intervention to control for anesthetic effect. Control vessels were harvested from rabbits not exposed to ischemia or reperfusion. Superficial femoral artery rings were evaluated in vitro for endothelial cell-mediated relaxation. Rings were contracted with potassium chloride and norepinephrine and then exposed to standardized incremental doses of acetylcholine to measure percent relaxation. Artery sections were sent for hematoxylin and eosin staining.

Results:

No significant differences were seen in contraction caused by either potassium chloride or norepinephrine in ail four experimental groups. Saline infused vessel rings relaxed a mean of 8.42 ± 2.39% and 49.57 ± 8.65% in response to acetylcholine doses of 3 × 10−8 M and 1 × 10−7M, respectively. In contrast, SIN-1 infused vessels relaxed a mean of 57.82 ± 2.65% and 100.23 ± 1.53% to the same doses of acetylcholine. Control and sham arteries showed a similar relaxation response as compared with SIN-1 infused vessels. Differences in relaxation when comparing saline infused vessels with SIN-1 infused, sham and control arteries, were significantly different at each dose of acetylcholine from 3 × 10−8M to 1 × 10−7M ( P < 0.05, ANOVA). Histologic examination of the vessels revealed no morphologic differences among the experimental groups. All vessels were structurally normal with an intact endothelium.

Conclusion:

In this model of rabbit hindlimb ischemia, preservation of endothelial cell-mediated vasorelaxation occurs with administration of intra-arterial SIN-1 during reperfusion. This preservation of endothelial function cannot be explained by histologic changes in the arterial wall or attributed to altered arterial contractility in response to potassium chloride or norepinephrine.
A Comparison of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty in Patients on Hemodialysis
Authors: Simsir S. A. , Kohlman-Trigoboff D. , Flood R. , Lindsay J. , Smith B. M.
Published: September 2024

The hospital records of 22 patients on hemodialysis undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, and 19 others undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty were reviewed to compare the outcomes of these procedures in this population. Evidence of previous myocardial infarction or triple vessel or left main coronary artery disease was more common in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft than those undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Perioperative mortality and complication rates following coronary artery bypass graft (4.5% and 41%, respectively) were similar to those following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (5.3% and 42%). Cardiac event-free rates at 18 months by life-table analysis following coronary artery bypass graft and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty were 87 ± 16% and 40 ± 14%, respectively. Survival at 18 months were 67 ± 17% following coronary artery bypass graft and 69 ± 14% following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Cardiac events were observed to occur in three patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft at a median of 10 months, and in nine patients following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty at a median of 6 months. One patient required percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty after the initial coronary artery bypass graft. Seven patients required repeat percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, and two patients underwent coronary artery bypass graft after initial percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Although these conclusions are limited by the retrospective nature of the study, it is concluded that coronary artery bypass graft can be performed with morbidity and mortality equivalent to percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, and provides better cardiac event-free rates than percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in patients on hemodialysis. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty does not appear to be justified in this population because of its unacceptably high restenosis and cardiac event rates.
Welding of High-Performance Thermoplastic Composites
Authors: Rudolf R. , Mitschang P. , Neitzel M. , Rueckert C.
Published: September 2024

In previous investigations, vibration welding, which is suitable for the mass production of small and simple shaped parts, was adjusted to the characteristics of thermoplastic composites. However, because of the small batches in thermoplastic composites manufacturing, especially in today's aircraft industry, there is a strong need for a joining technique that can be used for small series production and prototyping. For that purpose the induction welding process has been investigated, a laboratory device has been assembled and the influence of process parameters on the weld quality was determined by means of tension shear tests and microscopic investigations for a continuous welding process.
Effect of Degree of Crosslinking on Swelling and Mechanical Behaviour of Conventionally Vulcanised Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Membranes
Authors: George Soney C. , Ninan K. N. , Thomas Sabu
Published: September 2024

Molecular transport of aromatic hydrocarbons through conventionally crosslinked SBR samples was conducted in the temperature interval of 25-65°C. The effect of crosslink density on the transport behaviour was thoroughly examined. The samples with high crosslink density exhibited the minimum solvent uptake. The mechanical properties of unswollen, swollen and deswollen SBR membranes were measured according to standard test methods. The effects of temperature and penetrant size on the transport process have also been studied. Values of the diffusivity and activation energy for diffusion were estimated from the diffusion data. Finally a comparison between theoretical and experimental diffusion results was carried out.
The Properties and Structure of Peroxide-cured NBR Containing Magnesium Methacrylate
Authors: Yuan Xingheng , Peng Zongling , Zhang Yong , Zhang Yinxi
Published: September 2024

The mechanical properties and the crosslinked-network structure of peroxide-cured nitrile rubber containing magnesium methacrylate have been studied. In the absence of any conventional reinforcing filler, the resulting vulcanizate shows excellent mechanical properties, and has high hardness, strength and elongation at break. The amount of magnesium methacrylate, and of dicumyl peroxide, and the types of rubbers have great influence on the mechanical properties. Structure analysis shows that the vulcanizate contains both covalent and salt crosslinks. The mechanical properties of the vulcanizates are very much influenced by the salt crosslinks.
Book review: Sukhpal Singh, Regulating Agricultural Markets in India: A Smallholder Perspective
Authors: Basu Ranjini
Published: September 2024

Sukhpal Singh, Regulating Agricultural Markets in India: A Smallholder Perspective. Hyderabad, Telangana: Orient Blackswan Private Limited, 2023, ₹580, 186 pp., ISBN: 978-93-5442-465-6 (Paperback).
A Tale of Two Simulators—A Comparative Human-in-the-Loop Nuclear Power Plant Operations Study on Thermal Power Dispatch for Hydrogen Production
Authors: Ulrich Thomas A. , Lew Roger , Kim Jisuk , Jurski Dylan , Gideon Olubenga , Dickerson Kelly , DuBois Zeth , Boring Ronald L.
Published: September 2024

A study was designed for a reconfigurable, full-scale, full-scope nuclear power plant control room simulator to compare two different thermal power dispatch systems, on separate simulator platforms, demonstrating a TPD concept of operation. A TPD system can provide a desirable alternative revenue source for utilities but requires addressing new and unique operational issues. The selection of representative scenarios and the scenario-based experimental design are presented as key elements to capture evidence for validating the developed TPD concept of operations overcome these operational issues.
Validation of the Reactive Attachment Disorder and Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder Assessment (RADA): A DSM-5 Semistructured Interview
Authors: Archambault Maude , Cyr Chantal , Minnis Helen , Lehmann Stine , Monette Sebastien
Published: September 2024

Very few empirically validated tools exist for assessing reactive attachment disorder (RAD) and disinhibited social engagement disorder (DSED). The RAD and DSED assessment interview (RADA), a semistructured diagnostic interview, was updated in 2018 from the CAPA-RAD interview to reflect the diagnostic criteria changes in the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5). The aim of this study was to validate the RADA on school-age children in Canada. Caregivers of 5 to 12-year-old children from the community ( n = 98), in foster care ( n = 147), and in residential care ( n = 123) completed the RADA interview and a series of questionnaires. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the RADA interview supported a four-factor structure similar to the DSM-5 symptom clusters. A short “strictly DSM-5” version of the RADA showed a two-factor structure—RAD and DSED—and an excellent fit to the data. Scales of both structures showed good-to-excellent internal consistency, interrater reliability, convergent validity, and known-group validity. Classifying the children yielded RAD and DSED rates of <1% and 18%, respectively, for children in foster care and 7% and 10%, respectively, for children in residential care. This study supports the validity of the RADA interview for school-age children and is the first to provide RAD and DSED rates for children in residential care.
Revolution of Medical Review: The Application of Meta-Analysis and Convolutional Neural Network-Natural Language Processing in Classifying the Literature for Head and Neck Cancer Radiotherapy
Authors: Lee Tsair-Fwu , Chang Chu-Ho , Shao Jen-Chung , Liu Yen-Hsien , Chiu Chien-Liang , Hsieh Yang-Wei , Lee Shen-Hao , Chao Pei-Ju , Yeh Shyh-An
Published: September 2024

This study explored the application of meta-analysis and convolutional neural network-natural language processing (CNN-NLP) technologies in classifying literature concerning radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. It aims to enhance both the efficiency and accuracy of literature reviews. By integrating statistical analysis with deep learning, this research successfully identified key studies related to the probability of normal tissue complications (NTCP) from a vast corpus of literature. This demonstrates the advantages of these technologies in recognizing professional terminology and extracting relevant information. The findings not only improve the quality of literature reviews but also offer new insights for future research on optimizing medical studies through AI technologies. Despite the challenges related to data quality and model generalization, this work provides clear directions for future research.
Where Is Local News Dying Off?: Mechanisms Behind the Formation of Local News Deserts in the United States
Authors: Qin Abby Youran
Published: September 2024

Despite the resounding alarm of a nationwide decline of local news, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Using the 2004 and 2018 U.S. local news deserts datasets alongside census and election data, I adopt spatial panel regressions to delineate causal relationships between county-level attributes and local news preservation and further demonstrate spatial heterogeneity in these relationships through geographically weighted panel regressions. I find that news media follow the money and often move away from places where they are needed most—those with more racial-ethnic diversity and growing populations. Partisan composition does not help or hinder local newspaper preservation.
Algebraic temporal blocking for sparse iterative solvers on multi-core CPUs
Authors: Alappat Christie , Thies Jonas , Hager Georg , Fehske Holger , Wellein Gerhard
Published: September 2024

Sparse linear iterative solvers are essential for many large-scale simulations. Much of the runtime of these solvers is often spent in the implicit evaluation of matrix polynomials via a sequence of sparse matrix-vector products. A variety of approaches has been proposed to make these polynomial evaluations explicit (i.e., fix the coefficients), e.g., polynomial preconditioners or s-step Krylov methods. Furthermore, it is nowadays a popular practice to approximate triangular solves by a matrix polynomial to increase parallelism. Such algorithms allow to evaluate the polynomial using a so-called matrix power kernel (MPK), which computes the product between a power of a sparse matrix [Formula: see text] and a dense vector [Formula: see text], i.e., [Formula: see text], or a related operation. Recently we have shown that using the level-based formulation of sparse matrix-vector multiplications in the Recursive Algebraic Coloring Engine (RACE) framework we can perform temporal cache blocking of MPK to increase its performance. In this work, we demonstrate the application of this cache-blocking optimization in sparse iterative solvers. By integrating the RACE library into the Trilinos framework, we demonstrate the speedups achieved in (preconditioned) s-step GMRES, polynomial preconditioners, and algebraic multigrid (AMG). For MPK-dominated algorithms we achieve speedups of up to 3[Formula: see text] on modern multi-core compute nodes. For algorithms with moderate contributions from subspace orthogonalization, the gain reduces significantly, which is often caused by the insufficient quality of the orthogonalization routines. Finally, we showcase the application of RACE-accelerated solvers in a real-world wind turbine simulation (Nalu-Wind) and highlight the new opportunities and perspectives opened up by RACE as a cache-blocking technique for MPK-enabled sparse solvers.
Analyzing the design and performance of a high flow rate digital flow control unit: Structural insights and simulation findings
Authors: Elsaed Essam , Linjama Matti
Published: September 2024

Digital hydraulics offers advantages over traditional proportional valves but lacks high flow rate performance. This study proposes a solution based on operated on/off valves. The proposed system achieved a flow rate of nearly 350 LPM at nominal operating pressure with a roughly 25 ms fast response time. A novel dual flow solution is also presented and analyzed. These breakthroughs demonstrate the innovative feasibility of implementing pilot-operated, stroke-limited on/off valves in digital hydraulics. The results show that more possible discrete flow rates were achievable using the dual discrete flow method. In conclusion, the grouping of these valves and digital control approach enhances fluid power systems resolution, opening new possibilities for wider adoption, and improved performance in digital hydraulic systems.
Outcomes and patient satisfaction after Penuma silicone implant surgery via two surgical approaches
Authors: Salkowski Morgan , Levine Laurence A.
Published: September 2024

Background:

The Penuma is a soft silicone penile implant designed for cosmetic enhancement of the flaccid penis in men who have normal erections.

Objectives:

The goal of this study is to report outcomes on patient satisfaction at least 6 months after Penuma subcutaneous penile implant for cosmetic enhancement of the penis, and to determine if modifications in surgical approach resulted in reduction in postoperative complications.

Design:

Penile measurements, adverse events, and patient satisfaction were compared between patients undergoing the new lateral scrotal incision versus the traditional infrapubic approach.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients who underwent a Penuma implant by a single surgeon from April 2019 to December 2022. A 26-item non-validated device-specific questionnaire was sent to patients at least 6 months after the date of their initial surgery.

Results:

A total of 92 cases were performed by a single surgeon. The average increase in flaccid length was 2.5 cm (±2.2), representing a 44% increase ( p < 0.01). The average increase in girth was 3.1 cm (±1.8 cm), a 32% change ( p < 0.01). Seroma requiring drainage occurred in 12%. 7% of patients required operative revision of the implant. When assessed by surgical approach, the revision rate was significantly higher in infrapubic patients (13% vs 2%, p < 0.05). The implant removal rate was also significantly higher when the infrapubic approach was used (21% vs 6%, p < 0.05). 82% of patients reported being satisfied or very satisfied with their postoperative penile appearance. 75% of patients would undergo surgery again.

Conclusion:

The subcutaneous Penuma penile implant appears to improve satisfaction with regard to the appearance of the penis and is a viable option for men who desire to enhance flaccid penile length and girth. Furthermore, the lateral scrotal surgical approach appears to have a lower postoperative complication rate.
Assessing the Impact of Strategic HR Practices on Talent Retention Through Job Satisfaction and Work Engagement: Moderating Role of Psychological Empowerment
Authors: Shahzad Muhammad Farrukh , Martins José Moleiro , Rita João , Xu Shuo , Mushtaq Hafiz Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Due to organizations’ unsatisfactory and ineffective environmental performance, scholars focused on employee behavioral improvements rather than relying primarily on technological advancements. This study intended the role of strategic HR practices toward talent retention through job satisfaction and employee work engagement in Pakistan’s education sectors. Additionally, this study examined the moderating impact of psychological empowerment on job satisfaction and work engagement toward talent retention and how they affect universities’ environmental performance. Past empirical research projects and related theories have helped in the creation of the conceptual model. The relevant associations were investigated in this study using a sample of 332 employees from the education sector of Pakistan. The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method is used to evaluate these elements in the current research investigation. The analysis showed that strategic HR practices positively influence talent retention in the education sector. Work engagement and job satisfaction positively mediate the relationship between strategic HR practices and talent retention. Furthermore, psychological empowerment positively moderates the relationship between job satisfaction and work engagement toward talent retention. Executives and policy-makers of education sectors get benefit from strategic HR practices in an environmentally friendly setting by learning how to foster a culture to improve sustainability and talent retention that sets organizational environmental values.