bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radon as a Tracer of Lung Changes Induced by Smoking
Authors: Böhm Radoslav , Sedlák Antonín , Bulko Martin , Holý Karol
Published: August 2019

After smoking, exposure to radon and its progeny is the second leading cause of lung cancer. The probability of inducing lung carcinomas by inhaled radon progeny depends on the deposited radiation dose, and is significantly affected by physiological and morphometric changes induced by smoking. Due to irritation of the airways, the inhalation of cigarette smoke leads to the hyperproduction of mucus. Two concurrent processes occur: on one hand, increased production of mucus protects the target cells against radiation damage; on the other hand, in the case of long‐term smokers, a chronic lung obstruction develops, causing an increase in the radiation dose to the lungs. Depending on the duration and intensity of smoking, these processes contribute to the final radiation dose with different weights. The primary objective of this study was to investigate to what extent these smoke‐induced changes can modify the resulting absorbed dose of inhaled radon progeny relative to healthy nonsmokers. Since the bronchial dose depends on the degree of lung tissue damage, we have used this dose as a tool for detecting the effects of smoking on the lung epithelium. In other words, the biological effect of radon served as a tracer of changes induced by smoking.
Recombinant human monoclonal HLA antibodies of different IgG subclasses recognising the same epitope: Excellent tools to study differential effects of donor‐specific antibodies
Authors: Kramer Cynthia S. M. , Franke‐van Dijk Marry E. I. , Priddey Ashley J. , Pongrácz Tamás , Gnudi Elena , Car Helena , Karahan Gonca E. , van Beelen Els , Zilvold‐van den Oever Chalana C. C. , Rademaker Hendrik J. , de Haan Noortje , Wuhrer Manfred , Kosmoliaptsis Vasilis , Parren Paul W. H. I. , Mulder Arend , Roelen Dave L. , Claas Frans H. J. , Heidt Sebastiaan
Published: August 2019

In the field of transplantation, the humoural immune response against mismatched HLA antigens of the donor is associated with inferior graft survival, but not in every patient. Donor‐specific HLA antibodies (DSA) of different immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses may have differential effects on the transplanted organ. Recombinant technology allows for the generation of IgG subclasses of a human monoclonal antibody (mAb), while retaining its epitope specificity. In order to enable studies on the biological function of IgG subclass HLA antibodies, we used recombinant technology to generate recombinant human HLA mAbs from established heterohybridomas. We generated all four IgG subclasses of a human HLA class I and class II mAb and showed that the different subclasses had a comparable affinity, normal human Fc glycosylation, and retained HLA epitope specificity. For both mAbs, the IgG1 and IgG3 isotypes were capable of binding complement component 3d (C3d) and efficient in complement‐dependent cell lysis against their specific targets, while the IgG2 and IgG4 subclasses were not able to induce cytotoxicity. Considering the fact that the antibody‐binding site and properties remained unaffected, these IgG subclass HLA mAbs are excellent tools to study the function of individual IgG subclass HLA class I and class II‐specific antibodies in a controlled fashion.
Relevance of donor‐specific antibody monitoring after kidney transplantation: Findings from the Collaborative Transplant Study and the Heidelberg Transplant Center
Authors: Süsal Caner , Aykut Güclü , Morath Christian , Fichtner Alexander , Unterrainer Christian , Scherer Sabine , Tran Thuong H. , Mehrabi Arianeb , Zeier Martin , Tönshoff Burkhard
Published: August 2019

Monitoring of donor‐specific HLA antibodies (DSA) has become part of the clinical routine in kidney transplantation. This paper gives a brief overview on data from the Collaborative Transplant Study (CTS) and the Heidelberg Transplant Center on the clinical relevance of post‐transplant DSA monitoring in patients undergoing renal transplantation. The obtained findings underline the importance of DSA monitoring in the post‐operative course in immunologically high‐risk patients and patients with deterioration of graft function. Especially in patients with a pre‐activated immune system, a gap in the immunosuppressive therapy appear to lead to persistence, reappearance or de novo occurrence of strong, complement‐activating DSA, resulting in severe antibody‐mediated rejection (AMR) and, without timely intervention, in AMR‐related graft loss.
“Off the beaten map”: Navigating with digital maps on moorland
Authors: Smith Thomas Aneurin , Laurier Eric , Reeves Stuart , Dunkley Ria Ann
Published: August 2019

Resources made available through the digital map app change, but do not replace, the skills of “ordinary wayfinding.” Looking at the challenges of wayfinding with new mobile devices helps inform the development of digital mapping tools for navigating through difficult terrain. With this background in mind, in this paper we consider how the contemporary navigational resources of mobile devices with GPS, and the resources of countryside landscape features, are brought together in visiting a tourist site. We analyse video data from groups walking across unfamiliar moorland terrain, following a guide and map app which takes them on a tour of a remote Roman marching camp in the Brecon Beacons National Park, Wales. Following an ethnomethodological and conversation analytic approach, we examine three instances of navigational work for paired walkers as they traverse the moorland. The three fragments are of: an orientational struggle to establish where to go next; a routine check to select a path; and the discovery of a feature mentioned in the guide. Across the three episodes we explicate how our walkers make sense of the guide and map in relation to investigating the moorland surface. We examine how their ambulatory and undulatory practices on the moorland are tied to their wayfinding practices. While we analyse wayfinding talk, we also attend to the mobile practices of stopping and pausing as part of practical navigational reasoning.
Mothers’ perceptions of the practice of kangaroo mother care for preterm neonates in sub-Saharan Africa: a qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Bayo Pontius , Alobo Gasthony , Feyissa Garumma Tolu , Belaid Loubna
Published: August 2019

Objective:

The objective of this review is to explore the experiences of mothers with the practice of kangaroo mother care (KMC) for preterm neonates at home in sub-Saharan Africa.

Introduction:

About 7000 newborn babies die every day around the world. About 80% of these deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia. Preterm birth and low birth weight (LBW) are major causes of newborn deaths in these regions. Kangaroo mother care is an alternative way to care for LBW preterm neonates; however, the rate of practice remains low. Studies have identified a range of barriers, primarily at the healthcare system level, but there is a dearth of evidence on the factors and enablers at the community level.

Inclusion criteria:

The review will consider studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa on the perceptions and experiences of mothers who have given birth to preterm babies and have practiced KMC at home. Qualitative studies in English and French conducted from January 1979 to the present that exclusively use qualitative research methods including, but not limited to, phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, action research and feminist research will be included.

Methods:

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, African Index Medicus (AIM), Academic Search Complete, CINAHL complete, Education Source and Health source: Nursing/Academic Edition will be searched. Eligible studies will be critically appraised using the standardized Joanna Briggs Institute tool. Findings will be pooled using the meta-aggregative approach, and confidence will be assessed according to the ConQual approach.
Low energy electron interactions with 1-decanethiol self-assembled monolayers on Au(111)
Authors: Grzeskowiak Jodi , Ventrice Carl A.
Published: August 2019

Understanding the interaction of low energy electrons with organic thin films is important for the development of a wide range of technological applications. In this study, the interaction of 80 eV electrons with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of 1-decanethiol grown on Au(111) via vapor phase deposition was explored for both the lying down (striped) phase and the standing up phase. Low-energy electron diffraction measurements performed at 100 K show that the SAM loses its crystalline structure within about 3 min for the lying down phase and approximately 30 s for the standing up phase. For the standing up phase, temperature programed desorption measurements reveal two desorption features for the hydrocarbon fragments of the SAM, one centered around 130 °C and a second near 220 °C. For the lying down phase, only the higher temperature desorption feature is observed. For both phases, desorption peaks for S and H2S that are centered around 250 °C were observed, suggesting that there is a high probability for the alkane chain of the 1-decanethiol molecule to detach from the sulfur head group before desorbing from the surface. For the standing up phase, exposing the SAM to the electron beam results in a near complete attenuation of the two peaks associated with the cracking fragments of the alkane chain. However, for the lying down phase, the intensities and positions of all of the desorption peaks were similar to the unexposed SAMs, which indicates that the cross section for electron beam damage for the lying down phase is much lower than that for the standing up phase. Ex situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals a chemical shift of almost 0.5 eV for the C-1s emission after electron exposure for the standing up phase, whereas the shift for the lying down phase was less than 0.1 eV. These results indicate that exposure of alkanethiol SAMs to 80 eV electrons results in both disordering of the SAM and decomposition of the alkanethiol molecule SAMs. For the standing up phase, the rate of decomposition is much higher than the lying down phase. The lower decomposition rate for the lying down phase is primarily attributed to the quenching of excess charge in this phase since the entire molecule is in direct contact with the metallic substrate.
Stability of epitaxial pseudocubic group IV-V semiconductors
Authors: Brown David Lee , Jones Kevin S. , Phillpot Simon R.
Published: August 2019

The semiconductor industry has developed complex growth methods to maximize the doping of contact regions and to minimize the contact resistance in semiconductor devices. These growth methods have created highly doped Si:P and Si:As films in which concentrations of the impurity as high as 10% are introduced with no visible precipitation. This work uses density functional theory to compare the relative stability of the dopant in a submicroscopic phase. Specifically, the stabilities of the pseudocubic Si3P4, Si3As4, Ge3P4, and Ge3As4 submicroscopic phases are analyzed at the level of density functional theory. The stability of these phases is analyzed as a function of strain in two dimensions, representing epitaxial growth, and three dimensions, representing inclusions in an extended matrix. The results show that both strained and unstrained extended pseudocubic Si3P4 and Si3As4 phases are thermodynamically unstable relative to SiP and SiP2, and SiAs and SiAs2, respectively. The extended forms of pseudocubic Ge3P4 and Ge3As4 phases are also thermodynamically unstable under epitaxial strain and volumetric strain. Because this work strongly suggests that extended phases Si3P4, Si3As4, Ge3P4, and Ge3As4 are not stable under experimental growth conditions, high levels of doping of Si or Ge by P or As most likely result in the formation of dispersed dopant clusters or a dispersed phase rather than the formation of submicroscopic pseudocubic phases of the dopants.
Cognitive load elevates discrimination thresholds of duration, intensity, and f for a synthesized vowel
Authors: Chiu Faith , Rakusen Lyndon L. , Mattys Sven L.
Published: August 2019

Dual-tasking negatively impacts on speech perception by raising cognitive load (CL). Previous research has shown that CL increases reliance on lexical knowledge and decreases reliance on phonetic detail. Less is known about the effect of CL on the perception of acoustic dimensions below the phonetic level. This study tested the effect of CL on the ability to discriminate differences in duration, intensity, and fundamental frequency of a synthesized vowel. A psychophysical adaptive procedure was used to obtain just noticeable differences (JNDs) on each dimension under load and no load. Load was imposed by N-back tasks at two levels of difficulty (one-back, two-back) and under two types of load (images, nonwords). Compared to a control condition with no CL, all N-back conditions increased JNDs across the three dimensions. JNDs were also higher under two-back than one-back load. Nonword load was marginally more detrimental than image load for intensity and fundamental frequency discrimination. Overall, the decreased auditory acuity demonstrates that the effect of CL on the listening experience can be traced to distortions in the perception of core auditory dimensions.
The effect of target/masker fundamental frequency contour similarity on masked-speech recognition
Authors: Calandruccio Lauren , Wasiuk Peter A. , Buss Emily , Leibold Lori J. , Kong Jessica , Holmes Ann , Oleson Jacob
Published: August 2019

Greater informational masking is observed when the target and masker speech are more perceptually similar. Fundamental frequency (f0) contour, or the dynamic movement of f0, is thought to provide cues for segregating target speech presented in a speech masker. Most of the data demonstrating this effect have been collected using digitally modified stimuli. Less work has been done exploring the role of f0 contour for speech-in-speech recognition when all of the stimuli have been produced naturally. The goal of this project was to explore the importance of target and masker f0 contour similarity by manipulating the speaking style of talkers producing the target and masker speech streams. Sentence recognition thresholds were evaluated for target and masker speech that was produced with either flat, normal, or exaggerated speaking styles; performance was also measured in speech spectrum shaped noise and for conditions in which the stimuli were processed through an ideal-binary mask. Results confirmed that similarities in f0 contour depth elevated speech-in-speech recognition thresholds; however, when the target and masker had similar contour depths, targets with normal f0 contours were more resistant to masking than targets with flat or exaggerated contours. Differences in energetic masking across stimuli cannot account for these results.
The edge bending wave on a plate reinforced by a beam (L)
Authors: Alzaidi Ahmed SM , Kaplunov Julius , Prikazchikova Ludmila
Published: August 2019

The edge bending wave on a thin isotropic semi-infinite plate reinforced by a beam is considered within the framework of the classical plate and beam theories. The boundary conditions at the plate edge incorporate both dynamic bending and twisting of the beam. A dispersion relation is derived along with its long-wave approximation. The effect of the problem parameters on the cutoffs of the wave in question is studied asymptotically. The obtained results are compared with calculations for the reinforcement in the form of a strip plate.
Analysis of shielding of propeller noise using beamforming and predictions
Authors: Vieira Ana , Snellen Mirjam , Malgoezar Anwar M. N. , Merino-Martinez Roberto , Simons Dick G.
Published: August 2019

Engine noise shielding is an important measure towards low-noise aircraft configurations. Such designs are supported by prediction tools that indicate high values for shielding of engine noise. Most prediction models approximate the complex nature of engine noise to simple noise sources such as monopoles or dipoles. This work compares predictions of noise shielding with experiments using different noise sources and shielding body geometries. The experiments considered in this work concern a monopole source shielded by a flat plate and a NACA 64-008 A wing, and a propeller shielded by the same wing. Comparisons between models and measurements are made by analysis of noise levels at individual microphones and using conventional beamforming. Results show that for the monopole cases the model predictions are in agreement with the experimental data, with an average deviation of 2–3 dB. The curvature of the leading edge of the wing influences the noise shielding results. The measured values of noise shielding of propeller noise are lower than those measured for the omni-directional source. Different types of source directivity are used to approximate the propeller in the predictions: monopole, dipole and a multi-source. The dipole approximation shows the best agreement with the experiments for the case of the propeller.
¡vIVA la DivIVA!
Authors: Hammond Lauren R. , White Maria L. , Eswara Prahathees J.
Published: August 2019

Reproduction in the bacterial kingdom predominantly occurs through binary fission—a process in which one parental cell is divided into two similarly sized daughter cells. How cell division, in conjunction with cell elongation and chromosome segregation, is orchestrated by a multitude of proteins has been an active area of research spanning the past few decades.
Identification of Candida auris by Use of the Updated Vitek 2 Yeast Identification System, Version 8.01: a Multilaboratory Evaluation Study
Authors: Ambaraghassi Georges , Dufresne Philippe J. , Dufresne Simon F. , Vallières Émilie , Muñoz José F. , Cuomo Christina A. , Berkow Elizabeth L. , Lockhart Shawn R. , Luong Me-Linh
Published: August 2019

Candida auris
is an emerging multidrug-resistant yeast that has been systematically incorrectly identified by phenotypic methods in clinical microbiology laboratories. The Vitek 2 automated identification system (bioMérieux) recently included
C. auris
in its database (version 8.01). We evaluated the performance of the Vitek 2 YST ID card to identify
C. auris
and related species.
Discovery of Novel Thrips Vector Proteins That Bind to the Viral Attachment Protein of the Plant Bunyavirus Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus
Authors: Badillo-Vargas Ismael E. , Chen Yuting , Martin Kathleen M. , Rotenberg Dorith , Whitfield Anna E.
Published: August 2019

Thrips-transmitted viruses cause devastating losses to numerous food crops worldwide. For negative-sense RNA viruses that infect plants, the arthropod serves as a host as well by supporting virus replication in specific tissues and organs of the vector. The goal of this work was to identify thrips proteins that bind directly to the viral attachment protein and thus may play a role in the infection cycle in the insect. Using the model plant bunyavirus tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), and the most efficient thrips vector, we identified and validated six TSWV-interacting proteins from
Frankliniella occidentalis
first-instar larvae. Two proteins, an endocuticle structural glycoprotein and cyclophilin, were able to interact directly with the TSWV attachment protein, G
N
, in insect cells. The TSWV G
N
-interacting proteins provide new targets for disrupting the viral disease cycle in the arthropod vector and could be putative determinants of vector competence.
Activation of Latent HIV-1 T Cell Reservoirs with a Combination of Innate Immune and Epigenetic Regulators
Authors: Palermo Enrico , Acchioni Chiara , Di Carlo Daniele , Zevini Alessandra , Muscolini Michela , Ferrari Matteo , Castiello Luciano , Virtuoso Sara , Borsetti Alessandra , Antonelli Guido , Turriziani Ombretta , Sgarbanti Marco , Hiscott John
Published: August 2019

One of the challenges associated with HIV-1 infection is that despite antiretroviral therapies that reduce HIV-1 loads to undetectable levels, proviral DNA remains dormant in a subpopulation of T lymphocytes. Numerous strategies to clear residual virus by reactivating latent virus and eliminating the reservoir of HIV-1 (so-called “shock-and-kill” strategies) have been proposed. In the present study, we use a combination of small molecules that activate the cGAS-STING antiviral innate immune response (the di-cyclic nucleotide cGAMP) and epigenetic modulators (histone deacetylase inhibitors) that induce reactivation and HIV-infected T cell killing in cell lines, primary T lymphocytes, and patient samples. These studies represent a novel strategy for HIV eradication by reducing the viral reservoir and inducing specific death of HIV-infected cells.
A Single Biosynthetic Gene Cluster Is Responsible for the Production of Bagremycin Antibiotics and Ferroverdin Iron Chelators
Authors: Martinet Loïc , Naômé Aymeric , Deflandre Benoit , Maciejewska Marta , Tellatin Déborah , Tenconi Elodie , Smargiasso Nicolas , de Pauw Edwin , van Wezel Gilles P. , Rigali Sébastien
Published: August 2019

Access to whole-genome sequences has exposed the general incidence of the so-called cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), thereby renewing their interest for natural product discovery. As a consequence, genome mining is the often first approach implemented to assess the potential of a microorganism for producing novel bioactive metabolites. By revealing a new level of complexity of natural product biosynthesis, we further illustrate the difficulty of estimation of the panel of molecules associated with a BGC based on genomic information alone. Indeed, we found that the same gene cluster is responsible for the production of compounds which differ in terms of structure and bioactivity. The production of these different compounds responds to different environmental triggers, which suggests that multiplication of culture conditions is essential for revealing the entire panel of molecules made by a single BGC.
Antibodies to Enteroviruses in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Acute Flaccid Myelitis
Authors: Mishra Nischay , Ng Terry Fei Fan , Marine Rachel L. , Jain Komal , Ng James , Thakkar Riddhi , Caciula Adrian , Price Adam , Garcia Joel A. , Burns Jane C. , Thakur Kiran T. , Hetzler Kimbell L. , Routh Janell A. , Konopka-Anstadt Jennifer L. , Nix W. Allan , Tokarz Rafal , Briese Thomas , Oberste M. Steven , Lipkin W. Ian
Published: August 2019

The presence in cerebrospinal fluid of antibodies to EV peptides at higher levels than non-AFM controls supports the plausibility of a link between EV infection and AFM that warrants further investigation and has the potential to lead to strategies for diagnosis and prevention of disease.
Moderate levels of Eocene pCO2 indicated by Southern Hemisphere fossil plant stomata
Authors: Steinthorsdottir Margret , Vajda Vivi , Pole Mike , Holdgate Guy
Published: August 2019

Reducing the uncertainty in predictions of future climate change is one of today’s greatest scientific challenges, with many significant problems unsolved, including the relationship between pCO2 and global temperature. To better constrain these forecasts, it is meaningful to study past time intervals of global warmth, such as the Eocene (56.0–33.9 Ma), serving as climatic analogues for the future. Here we reconstructed pCO2 using the stomatal densities of a large fossil Lauraceae (laurel) leaf database from ten sites across the Eocene of Australia and New Zealand. We show that mostly moderate pCO2 levels of ∼450–600 ppm prevailed throughout the Eocene, levels that are considerably lower than the pCO2 forcing currently needed to recreate Eocene temperatures in climate models. Our data record significantly lower pCO2 than inferred from marine isotopes, but concur with previously published Northern Hemisphere Eocene stomatal proxy pCO2. We argue that the now globally consistent stomatal proxy pCO2 record for the Eocene is robust and that climate sensitivity was elevated and/or that additional climate forcings operated more powerfully than previously assumed.
Heart rate and premature atrial contractions at 24hECG independently predict atrial fibrillation in a population-based study
Authors: Persson Anders Paul , Fedorowski Artur , Hedblad Bo , Persson Margaretha , Juul-Möller Steen , Engström Gunnar , Johnson Linda S B
Published: August 2019

Background

Low resting heart rate and premature atrial contractions (PACs) predict incident atrial fibrillation (AF) and could be interdependent, since PACs occur in the gaps between normal beats.

Objective

To study the association between low heart rate at 24hECG, PACs and incident AF in a prospective population-based cohort.

Methods

In the Malmö Diet and Cancer study, 24hECGs were performed in 377 AF-free subjects. The endpoint was clinical AF retrieved from national hospital (mean follow-up 17 years). The interaction between increased supraventricular activity (SVA) top quartile of either PACs/hour or supraventricular tachycardias/hour) and mean heart rate (mHR) as regards AF risk was assessed in multivariable Cox regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, height, BMI, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication, smoking and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance.

Results

There were 80 (21%) incident cases of AF. Below median mHR (80 bpm/75 bpm for women/men) was associated with increased AF incidence (HR: 1.89, 95% CI 1.18 to 3.02, p=0.008). There was no correlation between mHR and SVA (p=0.6) or evidence of a multiplicative interaction between these factors for AF risk (p for interaction=0.6) In the group with both increased SVA and below median mHR (17% of the population) the relative risk of AF was very high (HR 4.5, 95% CI 2.2 to 9.1, p=0.001).

Conclusion

Low mHR at 24hECG independently predicts AF, but there is no association between mHR and SVA, and these factors are independent as regards AF risk. Subjects with both low mHR and increased SVA have high AF risk.
Homotopy perturbation method for MHD non-Newtonian Williamson fluid over exponentially stretching sheet with viscous dissipation and convective boundary condition
Authors: Abualnaja Khadijah M.
Published: August 2019

This research is aimed at presenting the two-dimensional steady fluid flow, represented by Williamson constitutive model past a nonlinear exponential stretching sheet theoretically. The system of ODEs describing the physical problem is successfully solved numerically with the help of the homotopy perturbation method (HPM). Special attention is given to study the convergence analysis of the proposed method. The influences of the physical governing parameters acting on the fluid velocity and the fluid temperature are explained with the help of the figures and tables. Further, the presented numerical method is employed to calculate both the rate of heat transfer and the drag force for the Williamson fluid flow. In particular, it is observed that both the Eckert number and the dimensionless convective parameter have the effect of enhancing the temperature of the stretching surface, while the inverse was noted for the dimensionless mixed convection parameter. Finally, the comparison with previous numerical investigations of other authors at some special cases which is reported here proves that the results obtained via homotopy perturbation method are accurate and the numerical method is reliable.
Local dissymmetry on graphs and related algebraic structures
Authors: Chiaselotti G. , Gentile T. , Infusino F.
Published: August 2019

We use the set symmetric difference between vertex subsets of a finite undirected simple graph [Formula: see text] to define a binary operation ∘ on the vertex set of a new graph [Formula: see text], that contains [Formula: see text] as subgraph and whose vertices are non-empty vertex subsets of [Formula: see text]. We show how the binary operation ∘ determines an algebraic structure on [Formula: see text] that is strictly related to the graph structure of [Formula: see text]. In fact, we show that [Formula: see text] agrees with [Formula: see text] and, next, we provide several characterizations for the algebraic structure [Formula: see text] when the graph [Formula: see text] is connected and locally dissymmetric.
Generalized grodzins relation for ground band
Authors: Gupta J. B. , Katoch Vikas
Published: August 2019

The well-known Grodzins product [Formula: see text]2, 0[Formula: see text]2[Formula: see text] constancy rule was generalized to the Grodzins linearity relation in our recent work in the form of [Formula: see text] versus [Formula: see text] linear plots. In this form, besides testing the linear relation of [Formula: see text]) and kinetic moment of inertia, it also served as a tool for the study of the spectral details of the nuclei, and for the study of the variation of nuclear structure with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] We now study its extension to the intra band [Formula: see text]2 transition from the higher spins of the ground bands of even [Formula: see text] even [Formula: see text] nuclei of the mid-mass region of Xe–Pt chain of isotopes. We use the plots of [Formula: see text]2, [Formula: see text] versus [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] and 6[Formula: see text] to test their linear relationship. There seems to be a good correlation of the two entities even at the higher spins for all the nuclei studied here. The deviations from linearity in specific cases can be used for studying the nuclear structures involved.
Two Notes on Automorphisms of Modules over a PID
Authors: Liu Heguo , Luo Xiaoliang , Qin Xin , Zan Bomin
Published: August 2019

Let D be a principal ideal domain (PID) and M be a module over D. We prove the following two dual results: (i) If M is finitely generated and x, y are two elements in M such that [Formula: see text], then there exists an automorphism α of M such that [Formula: see text]. (ii) If M satisfies the minimal condition on submodules and X, Y are two locally cyclic submodules of M such that [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], then there exists an automorphism α of M such that [Formula: see text].
Two Kinds of Infinite-Dimensional Novikov Algebras and Their Sub-adjacent Lie Algebras
Authors: Zhou Xin , Chen Liangyun , Sun Bing
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we construct two kinds of infinite-dimensional Novikov algebras and give their realizations, respectively. As an application, we describe their sub-adjacent Lie algebras and characterize some of their properties.
PEDOT-PSS-Coated FeFe(CN)6 Composite Cathode for Lithium-Ion Batteries with the Improved Electrochemical Performances
Authors: Xu Lihuan , Ma Jiaojiao , Guo Pengju , Su Chang
Published: August 2019

Prussian-blue type FeFe(CN)6 nanocrystals with perfect nanocubic morphology were prepared by a facile hydrolytic precipitation method using Fe(CN)[Formula: see text] as a single iron-source. The resulting FeFe(CN)6 nanocrystals have subsequently been encapsulated within a mixed electronically and ionically conducting polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSS)-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) (PEDOT-PSS) with ethylene glycol (EG) as the polar solvent to obtain a high electrical conducting organic–inorganic nanohybrid. The FeFe(CN)6/PEDOT-PSS nanohybrid offers discharge capacity of [Formula: see text], which is improved compared to that of the naked FeFe(CN)[Formula: see text]. Also, it demonstrated the improved capacity retention and rate capability, which makes it a promising way for high performance Li-ion batteries for energy storage application.
Monitoring driver attention distraction with binocular vision
Authors: Sun Hai Yan , Zang Li Guo
Published: August 2019

Driver attention distraction (DAD) is a typical artificial factor traffic accident, and DAD monitoring can improve driving security. In this study, a method was developed for accurate DAD monitoring based on binocular vision. A binocular vision system was built, and camera parameters of the system were calibrated based on Open CV. In the method, the driver’s facial image is obtained by using active infrared imaging technology and preprocessed to locate the eye positions. The connected component labeling algorithm for binary images is used to pinpoint the eye locations. The characteristic information of the eye pupils is extracted with the least-squares ellipse fitting algorithm, and the characteristic information of the Purkinje image is obtained with the Harris corner detection algorithm. A DAD warning model based on the binocular vision system was established to evaluate the attention state of the driver.
Plant Noncoding RNAs: Hidden Players in Development and Stress Responses
Authors: Yu Yu , Zhang Yuchan , Chen Xuemei , Chen Yueqin
Published: August 2019

A large and significant portion of eukaryotic transcriptomes consists of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that have minimal or no protein-coding capacity but are functional. Diverse ncRNAs, including both small RNAs and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), play essential regulatory roles in almost all biological processes by modulating gene expression at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of plant small RNAs and lncRNAs, with a focus on their biogenesis, modes of action, local and systemic movement, and functions at the nexus of plant development and environmental responses. The complex connections among small RNAs, lncRNAs, and small peptides in plants are also discussed, along with the challenges of identifying and investigating new classes of ncRNAs.
History and Geography of Neotropical Tree Diversity
Authors: Dick Christopher W. , Pennington R. Toby
Published: August 2019

Early botanical explorers invoked biogeographic history to explain the remarkable tree diversity of Neotropical forests. In this context, we review the history of Neotropical tree diversity over the past 100 million years, focusing on biomes with significant tree diversity. We evaluate hypotheses for rain forest origins, intercontinental disjunctions, and models of Neotropical tree diversification. To assess the impact of biotic interchange on the Amazon tree flora, we examined biogeographic histories of trees in Ecuador's Yasuní Forest, which suggest that nearly 50% of its species descend from immigrant lineages that colonized South America during the Cenozoic. Long-distance and intercontinental dispersal, combined with trait filtering and niche evolution, are important factors in the community assembly of Neotropical forests. We evaluate the role of pre-Columbian people on Neotropical tree diversity and discuss the future of Neotropical forests in the Anthropocene.
Twist of Fate for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: TRIB3–TWIST1 Interaction Promotes Resistance
Authors: Peeke Stephen Z. , Gritsman Kira
Published: August 2019

While acute promyelocytic leukemia has a good prognosis with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment, ATRA resistance is a major obstacle. It is now demonstrated that TRIBBLES 3 (TRIB3) stabilizes TWIST1, leading to ATRA resistance. Peptides that disrupt this interaction lead to the degradation of TWIST1 and overcome ATRA resistance.

See related article by Lin et al., p. 6228
O enigma da Marquesa de Sade: realidade e ideal no teatro de Mishima
Authors: Kawana Karen Kazue
Published: August 2019

The writer Yukio Mishima is known in the Occident mostly for his novels, but he also wrote many plays for the theatre inspired in oriental and western themes. In Madame de Sade, from 1965, the main role is given to the wife of Donatien Alphonse François de Sade, the 18th century libertine and writer. In this paper, we examine Mishima’s reasons for his choice of protagonist. We also try to show how some of the subjects raised in the play reflect ideas that are dear to the author.
Ações influentes na aquisição da oralidade em Língua Japonesa como LE
Authors: Araújo Lincoln Ferreira de , Sekino Kyoko
Published: August 2019

This work proposes to investigate actions that happen in a Japanese language classroom to observe acquisition of oral skill as focus point. Based on Brown (2000; 2007), Benson (2001) and among others, our research aims to see the relationship between methods used by the teacher and beginners students’ oral skill development. With such methods as direct observation, questionnaires and the application of two oral testes, we identify that the methods used by the teacher made both positive as well as negative effects. We perceived that the teacher immediately adjusted his methods, as he noticed the students´ difficulty; as a result, he made them learn the target language. As it was evident, the teacher varies his methods and techniques in the classroom. Besides, one of the interesting factors is the students´ collaboration in the classroom, in which one helps the other so that it made the class acquire the target language.
Sobre o modelo familiar de Iê e seu devir na contemporaneidade: deslocamentos e resiliência
Authors: Martinez Martín Fabreau
Published: August 2019

My objective here is to expound a plausible outlook of the notion of ie, associated to a model of traditional family organization as well as to a idea of ‘house’, in the modern Japan and its come about in the context of the immigration to Brazil at the beginning of the 20th century, and afterwards in the context of de transnational dynamics linked to globalization. Then, from some empirical cases of nikkeis who actually live in Pernambuco and Bahia, I’ll explore how this ie project is still operative at this contemporaneity marked by an increasing mobility, and also how, in those specific cases, this concept is resignificated as the consecution of a social project mainly based on kinship relationships including several members of the family group involving several strategies tending to organize and guarantee its perpetuation
Apresentação
Authors: Camargo C. Salles Paulo De Tarso
Published: August 2019

Apresentação dos trabalhos avulsos, publicados em fluxo contínuo neste número da Revista Música.
Perfusion Assessment in Critical Limb Ischemia: Principles for Understanding and the Development of Evidence and Evaluation of Devices: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Misra Sanjay , Shishehbor Mehdi H. , Takahashi Edwin A. , Aronow Herbert D. , Brewster Luke P. , Bunte Matthew C. , Kim Esther S.H. , Lindner Jonathan R. , Rich Kathleen ,   On behalf of the American Heart Association Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing
Published: August 2019

There are >12 million patients with peripheral artery disease in the United States. The most severe form of peripheral artery disease is critical limb ischemia (CLI). The diagnosis and management of CLI is often challenging. Ethnic differences in comorbidities and presentation of CLI exist. Compared with white patients, black and Hispanic patients have higher prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus and chronic renal disease and are more likely to present with gangrene, whereas white patients are more likely to present with ulcers and rest pain. A thorough evaluation of limb perfusion is important in the diagnosis of CLI because it can not only enable timely diagnosis but also reduce unnecessary invasive procedures in patients with adequate blood flow or among those with other causes for ulcers, including venous, neuropathic, or pressure changes. This scientific statement discusses the current tests and technologies for noninvasive assessment of limb perfusion, including the ankle-brachial index, toe-brachial index, and other perfusion technologies. In addition, limitations of the current technologies along with opportunities for improvement, research, and reducing disparities in health care for patients with CLI are discussed.
Pulmonary Arterial Elastance and INTERMACS-Defined Right Heart Failure Following Left Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Muslem Rahatullah , Ong Chin S. , Tomashitis Brett , Schultz Jessica , Ramu Bhavadharini , Craig Michael L. , Van Bakel Adrian B. , Gilotra Nisha A. , Sharma Kavita , Hsu Steven , Whitman Glenn J. , Leary Peter J. , Cogswell Rebecca , Lozonschi Lucian , Houston Brian A. , Zijlstra Felix , Caliskan Kadir , Bogers Ad J.J.C. , Tedford Ryan J.
Published: August 2019

Background:

Acute right heart failure (RHF) after left ventricular assist device implantation remains a major source of morbidity and mortality, yet the definition of RHF and the preimplant variables that predict RHF remain controversial. This study evaluated the ability of (1) INTERMACS (Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support) RHF classification to predict post-left ventricular assist device survival and (2) preoperative characteristics and hemodynamic parameters to predict severe and severe acute RHF.

Methods and Results:

An international, multicenter study at 4 large academic centers was conducted between 2008 and 2016. All subjects with hemodynamics measured by right heart catheterization within 30 days before left ventricular assist device implantation were included. RHF was defined using the INTERMACS definition for RHF. In total, 375 subjects were included (mean age, 57.4±13.2 years, 54% bridge-to-transplant). Mild RHF was most common (34%), followed by moderate RHF (16%), severe RHF (13%), and severe acute RHF (9%). Estimated on-device survival rates at 2 years were 72%, 71%, and 55% in the patients with none, mild-to-moderate, and severe-to-severe acute RHF, respectively (
P
=0.004). In addition, the independent hazard ratio for mortality was only increased in the patients with severe-to-severe acute RHF (hazard ratio, 3.95; 95% CI, 2.16–7.23;
P
<0.001). INTERMACS-defined RHF was superior to postimplant inotrope duration alone in the prediction of all-cause mortality. In multivariable analysis, older age, lower INTERMACS classes, and higher pulmonary arterial elastance (ratio of systolic pulmonary artery pressure to stroke volume) before left ventricular assist device, were identified as significant predictors of severe-to-severe acute RHF. Stratifying patients by ratio of systolic pulmonary artery pressure to stroke volume and right atrial pressure significantly improved the discrimination between patients at risk for severe-to-severe acute RHF.

Conclusions:

The INTERMACS RHF classification correctly identifies patients at risk for mortality, though this risk is only increased in patients with severe-to-severe acute RHF. Several predictors for RHF were identified, of which ratio of systolic pulmonary artery pressure to stroke volume was the strongest hemodynamic predictor. Coupling ratio of systolic pulmonary artery pressure to stroke volume with right atrial pressure may be most helpful in identifying patients at risk for severe-to-severe acute RHF.
Beyond the One Gene–One Disease Paradigm
Authors: Cerrone Marina , Remme Carol Ann , Tadros Rafik , Bezzina Connie R. , Delmar Mario
Published: August 2019

Inheritable cardiac disorders, which may be associated with cardiomyopathic changes, are often associated with increased risk of sudden death in the young. Early linkage analysis studies in Mendelian forms of these diseases, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and long-QT syndrome, uncovered large-effect genetic variants that contribute to the phenotype. In more recent years, through genotype-phenotype studies and methodological advances in genetics, it has become evident that most inheritable cardiac disorders are not monogenic but, rather, have a complex genetic basis wherein multiple genetic variants contribute (oligogenic or polygenic inheritance). Conversely, studies on genes underlying these disorders uncovered pleiotropic effects, with a single gene affecting multiple and apparently unrelated phenotypes. In this review, we explore these 2 phenomena: on the one hand, the evidence that variants in multiple genes converge to generate one clinical phenotype, and, on the other, the evidence that variants in one gene can lead to apparently unrelated phenotypes. Although multiple conditions are addressed to illustrate these concepts, the experience obtained in the study of long-QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, and in the study of functions related to
SCN5A
(the gene coding for the α-subunit of the most abundant sodium channel in the heart) and
PKP2
(the gene coding for the desmosomal protein plakophilin-2), as well, is discussed in more detail.
Artery-Associated Sympathetic Innervation Drives Rhythmic Vascular Inflammation of Arteries and Veins
Authors: de Juan Alba , Ince Louise Madeleine , Pick Robert , Chen Chien-Sin , Molica Filippo , Zuchtriegel Gabriele , Wang Chen , Zhang Dachuan , Druzd David , Hessenauer Maximilian E.T. , Pelli Graziano , Kolbe Isa , Oster Henrik , Prophete Colette , Hergenhan Sophia Martina , Albrecht Urs , Ripperger Jürgen , Montanez Eloi , Reichel Christoph A. , Soehnlein Oliver , Kwak Brenda R. , Frenette Paul S. , Scheiermann Christoph
Published: August 2019

Background:

The incidence of acute cardiovascular complications is highly time-of-day dependent. However, the mechanisms driving rhythmicity of ischemic vascular events are unknown. Although enhanced numbers of leukocytes have been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular complications, the role that rhythmic leukocyte adhesion plays in different vascular beds has not been studied.

Methods:

We evaluated leukocyte recruitment in vivo by using real-time multichannel fluorescence intravital microscopy of a tumor necrosis factor-α–induced acute inflammation model in both murine arterial and venous macrovasculature and microvasculature. These approaches were complemented with genetic, surgical, and pharmacological ablation of sympathetic nerves or adrenergic receptors to assess their relevance for rhythmic leukocyte adhesion. In addition, we genetically targeted the key circadian clock gene
Bmal1
(also known as
Arntl
) in a lineage-specific manner to dissect the importance of oscillations in leukocytes and components of the vessel wall in this process.

Results:

In vivo quantitative imaging analyses of acute inflammation revealed a 24-hour rhythm in leukocyte recruitment to arteries and veins of the mouse macrovasculature and microvasculature. Unexpectedly, although in arteries leukocyte adhesion was highest in the morning, it peaked at night in veins. This phase shift was governed by a rhythmic microenvironment and a vessel type–specific oscillatory pattern in the expression of promigratory molecules. Differences in cell adhesion molecules and leukocyte adhesion were ablated when disrupting sympathetic nerves, demonstrating their critical role in this process and the importance of β
2
-adrenergic receptor signaling. Loss of the core clock gene
Bmal1
in leukocytes, endothelial cells, or arterial mural cells affected the oscillations in a vessel type–specific manner. Rhythmicity in the intravascular reactivity of adherent leukocytes resulted in increased interactions with platelets in the morning in arteries and in veins at night with a higher predisposition to acute thrombosis at different times as a consequence.

Conclusions:

Together, our findings point to an important and previously unrecognized role of artery-associated sympathetic innervation in governing rhythmicity in vascular inflammation in both arteries and veins and its potential implications in the occurrence of time-of-day–dependent vessel type–specific thrombotic events.