bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low-Complexity Optical Transmitter Design for Future Generations
Authors: Gunturu Chakravarthy , Valluri Sivaprasad
Published: August 2022

The burgeoning field of visible light communication (VLC) technology is seen as a possible complement to incumbent radio frequency (RF) systems, as it uses optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OOFDM) to attain faster data rates to comply with 5G standards. Despite its benefits, the multicarrier structure of OOFDM acquires constructive additions at certain subcarrier intervals during the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) operation, leading to increased peak values. Non-distorting peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction procedures, like as selective mapping (SLM), were confirmed to be the most effective method for lowering ineluctably severe PAPR amongst the other methods. The advent of numerous alternative candidates enhances computational complexity, thus form a major obstacle in SLM. To convert an input direct current-biased optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DCO-OFDM) symbol into a series of candidates, the proposed SLM technique’s phase vectors are multiplied at a specific intermediate stage of IFFT. In top to this complexity reduction, the first stage IFFT output provides further reduction according to its conjugate symmetry property. The DCOOFDM signal, that has the smallest PAPR of all alternatives, is chosen for transmissions. According to the complexity analysis and simulation results, the computational complexity abatement strategy surpasses the conventional SLM (CSLM) technique that allows us to incorporate this technology into any future generation VLC systems.
Analytic Network Process for Local Scour Formulas Ranking with Parametric Sensitivity Analysis and Soil Class Clustering
Authors: Annad Mohamed , Lefkir Abdelouahab
Published: August 2022

Predicting scour depth around bridge piers during flood events was identified as one of the most important scientific interests of researchers dealing with local scour, wherein, for this purpose, a variety of empirical formulas were proposed. The redundancy and dissimilarity of these formulas turned the selection of the most appropriate one among them into a complicated task. This study focuses on developing a novel framework for comparing several formulas already available for local scour assessment. To achieve this purpose, 18 distinct formulas were selected and then tested using a large set of field data under three major particle size distributions that a streambed could comprise. The approval process is performed using the analytical network process, in which the conventional weights were revised with the help of several analyses, including statistical, sensitivity, and correlation. The findings of this study show that the effectiveness of a given formula varies depending on the class of soil studied, and the best performance is obtained for scouring formulas containing mainly geometrical parameters.
Synthesis of benzoimidazoquinazolinone and indolylxanthenone derivatives using Keggin- type heteropoly-11-molybdo-1-vanadophosphoric acid supported on Montmorillonite K-10 clay as catalyst: A green approach
Authors: Prasanna Antony Muthu , Kumaresan Murugan , Selvakumar Karuppaiah , Swaminathan Meenakshisundaram , Sami Ponnusamy
Published: August 2022

A new green protocol for the synthesis of benzoimidazoquinazolinone and indolylxanthenone derivatives were attained under environmental-friendly solvent-free condition through a simple one-pot three component condensation reaction using 10% heteropoly-11-molybdo-1-vanadophosphoric acid (H4[PVMo11O40]) loaded on Montmorillonite K-10 clay material (PVMoK-10) as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst. The identification and characterization of the derivatives were done by physical as well as spectral techniques. Synthesis of ten derivatives of benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]quinazolin-1(2H)-one and two derivatives of 9-(1H-indol-3-yl)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-xanthen-1-onewere successfully achieved using this protocol.A tentative reaction mechanism has also been proposed for the synthetic plans.
Classification of prostate cancer using Deep Learning approach and MobileNetV2 architecture
Authors: Mashak Neda Pirzad , Akbarizadeh Gholamreza , Farshidi Ebrahim
Published: August 2022

Since prostate cancer is one of the most important causes of mortality in today's society, the study of why and how to diagnose and predict them has received much attention from researchers. The collaboration of computer and medical experts offers a new solution in analyzing this data and obtaining useful and practical models, which is data mining. In fact, data mining, as one of the most important tools for data analysis and discovering the relationships between them and predicting the occurrence of events is one of the practical tools of researchers in this way. This study diagnoses and classifies prostate cancer using Deep Learning approach and MobileNetV2 architecture based on a method to identify the factors affecting this disease. In this study, data was taken from a database on the Brigham Hospital website. Also, in order to improve the methods of diagnosing prostate cancer, a feature-classification approach has been proposed, which has been evaluated using a data set related to clients' files. The proposed method after applying various classification methods on the available data including benign and malignant diagnosis and reaching an optimal method with relatively high accuracy using a faster R-CNN network to segment the area and later using architecture Various convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been selected for feature extraction and set classification, increased processing speed. In addition, the MobileNetV2 architecture is used, which has the ability to achieve AUC in the range of 0.87 to 0.95 with acceptable performance, high processing speed and relative accuracy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.
Effects of physical activity and diet quality on the prevalence and characteristics of obese and non-obese MAFLD in a US population
Authors: Wang Shuang , Wang Peng , Zhang Qiang , Luo Tingting , Qin Bo
Published: August 2022

Background: Clinical data on the prevalence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in obese and non­­-obese patients in a multi-ethnic US population are limited Additionally, the effects of physical activity and diet quality on the risk of MAFLD remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of MAFLD and the associations of physical activity (PA) and diet quality (DQ) with MAFLD risk.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using the 2017–2018 NHANES databases. Overall, 5,533 participants with fatty liver disease identified by ultrasound were categorized into the non-MAFLD, obese-MAFLD, and non-obese-MAFLD groups.Results: The overall prevalence of MAFLD among the participants was 41.9%; 28.6% of all the participants were obese and 13.4% were non-obese. Among those with MAFLD, 67.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 59.1%–75.1%) were obese and 32.9% (95% CI: 29.1%–36.7%) were non-obese. Obese and non-obese MAFLD were more common in participants aged 50–64 years (31.8% and 34.1%, respectively; p < 0.0001) and in men (30.6% vs. 16.4%, respectively). Non-obese MAFLD was more common in Asians (27.2%), while obese MAFLD was more common in Blacks (66.3%). Metabolic comorbidities were more common in those with obese MAFLD who also had more advanced fibrosis. High-quality diet (HQD) and increased PA were associated with reduced odds of developing obese and non-obese MAFLD (odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI: 0.67 [0.51–0.88] and 0.57 [0.47–0.69]; 0.62 [0.43–0.90] and 0.63 [0.46–0.87], respectively). PA and a HQD significantly lowered the risk for obese and non-obese MAFLD (OR and 95% CI: 0.46 [0.33–0.64] and 0.42 [0.31–0.57]).Conclusion: Individuals with obese and non-obese MAFLD accounted for a high proportion of the US population. HQD and PA were strongly associated with a lower risk for MAFLD.
Isolation and Identification of Cadmium-Reducing Bacteria from Contaminated Coastal Sediment in The Northern Coast of Indramayu, Indonesia
Authors: Ihsan Yudi N. , Fellatami Kalysta , Mingguo Jiang , Ismail Azimah , Pribadi Tri Dewi K , Pasaribu Buntora
Published: August 2022

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the heavy metals pollutants and its accumulation impacted the sustainability of marine organisms. The aim of current research was to isolate and identify the cadmium-reducing bacteria from contaminated coastal sediment in Karangsong port, Indramayu, Indonesia. The isolates were investigated for its potential to reduce cadmium showed the cadmium reduction drastically up to 50% at 6 hours treated under different cadmium concentration of 0,5, 1, and 1,5 ppm, respectively. Morphological characteristics were observed in most of isolates. Out of 8 isolates, two selected strains such as Karangsong Cd3 and Cd7 were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing as Pseudoalteromonas issachenkonii strain KMM 3549 (Acc. No. NR 025139.1) and Pseudoalteromonas tetraodonis GFC strain IAM 14160 (Acc. No. NR 041787.1), respectively. The cadmium resistance profile showed that the selected isolates were resistant to various concentration of cadmium (Cd). These results suggest that the Karangsong Cd 3 and Cd 7 could facilitate the new references of future microbial application for bioremediations efforts.
Investigation of CYP3A4*22 polymorphism effects on the depressed treatment by citalopram and sertraline
Authors: Mohammadi Saeid , Beh-Pajooh Abbas , Ahmadimanesh Mahnaz , Amini Mohsen , Ghazi-Khansari Mahmoud , Moallem Seyed Adel , Hosseini Rohollah , Ghahremani Mohammad Hossein
Published: August 2022

Drug response variability due to interpersonal genetic differences is a new and vital research interest. Many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been characterized for CYP3A4 (alleles *1–*22). PCR-RFLP method performed to check CYP3A4*22 polymorphism as an important allele in drug metabolism. 45 Blood samples were collected from the Iranian population with the depressive disorder. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) used for evaluate the severity of depression before and after 100 days of treatment. Among the individuals, 40 (91.2%) patients showed wild type (CC) and 5 (91.2%) patients were heterozygous (CT) for the CYP3A4*22 allele. Comparing the rate of decrease in HAM-D score between two genotypic groups in CYP3A4*22 showed a significant difference (p < 0.03). This comparison demonstrated that patients with heterozygote genotype of CYP3A4*22 have improved by SSRIs lower than wild-type of patients. It can be concluded that CYP3A4*22 genotype and dose adjustment can help improve drug treatment.
Strontium ion attenuates osteoarthritis through inhibiting senescence and enhancing autophagy in fibroblast-like synoviocytes
Authors: Liao Binghui , Ding Ming , Wang Yingchun , Xu Hu , Shangguan Lei
Published: August 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA) mainly occurs in the elderly population and seriously affects their quality of life. The strontium (Sr) ion has shown positive effects on the bone tissue and promises on OA treatment. However, the adequate treatment dosage and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated the effect of different concentrations of Sr ion on a mouse model of OA induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery, as well as the underlying mechanisms. DMM-induced OA mice were received intra-articular injection different concentration Sr ion, and found a suitable concentration of Sr ion to improve OA. Furthermore, the mechanism by which Sr ion mediated senescence and autophagy of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) in Synovial tissues of DMM-induced OA mice were investigated. In OA mice treated with 10 µl contained 5 mmol/L SrCl2 showed the best effect on improved the pain-related behaviors and cartilage damage. In addition, in vivo and vitro experiments revealed that Sr ion inhibits senescence and improves autophagy function of FLSs. We also found that enhancement of autophagy function of FLSs can effectively slow down itself senescence. Therefore, we show that Sr ions through AMPK/mTOR/LC3B-Ⅱ signal axis improves FLSs autophagy function and delays FLSs senescence, furthermore, improve OA. These results suggest that senescence and autophagy function of FLSs may serve as promising targets for OA treatment and Sr ion may inhibit OA progression through these two targets.
Semantic Similarity Measure for Topic Modeling Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation and Collapsed Gibbs Sampling
Authors: Ajinaja Micheal Olalekan , Adetunmbi Olusola Adebayo , Ugwu Chukwuemeka Christian , Solomon Popoola Olugbemiga
Published: August 2022

One of the key applications of Natural Language Processing (NLP) is to automatically extract topics from large volumes of text. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) technique is commonly used to extract topics based on word frequency from the pre-processed documents. A major issue of LDA is that the quality of topics extracted are poor if the document do not coherently discuss a single topic. However, Gibbs sampling uses word by word basis which changes the topic assignment of one word and can be used on documents having different topics. Hence, this paper proposed a hybrid based semantic similarity measure for topic modelling using LDA and Gibbs sampling to exploit the strength of automatic text extraction and improve coherence score. Unstructured dataset was obtained from a public repository to validate the performance of the proposed model. The evaluation carried out shows that the proposed LDA-Gibbs had a coherence score of 0. 52650 as against LDA coherence score 0.46504. The proposed multi-level model provides better quality of topics extracted.
Effect of different synthesis routes on the morphology, optical, colorimetric, and photocatalytic properties of β-Ag2MoO4 microcrystals
Authors: Lopes Francisco Henrique Pereira , Noleto Luis Fernando Guimarães , Vieira Vitória Eduardo Mendes , de Sousa Priscila Brandão , Jucá Amanda Carolina Soares , Oliveira Yáscara Lopes , Costa Keyla Raquel Batista da Silva , Gouveia Amanda Fernandes , Almeida M. A.P. , Cavalcante Laecio Santos
Published: August 2022

In this paper, the effect of different synthesis methods, such as controlled precipitation (CP), sonochemical (SC), hot solution ion injection with fast cooling (HSIIFC), and conventional hydrothermal (CH) in obtaining silver beta molybdate (β-Ag2MoO4) were reported. X-ray diffraction patterns, Rietveld refinement data, cluster modeling, micro-Raman, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies confirmed that all β-Ag2MoO4crystals have a spinel-like cubic structure, space group (Fd\(\stackrel{-}{3}\)m), and symmetry point group (\({O}_{h}^{7}\)). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images showed that through different synthetic routes, it is possible to obtain monophasic crystals, such as regular/irregular polyhedral, potatoes, and non-uniform. Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy measurements in absorbance mode showed three main absorptions (280, 310, and 340 nm). In contrast, the UV-Vis analysis in diffuse reflectance mode showed a tail of energy absorption in the UV spectrum range (3.25 eV and 3.3 eV). The quantitative data from the colorimetric analysis indicated that the β-Ag2MoO4crystals are desirable for developing inorganic pigments with a beige to brown shade. Photocatalytic tests were performed using four lamps: UV-C, UV-B, UV-A, and visible light. The β-Ag2MoO4crystals prepared by the PC method showed a higher degradation rate ≈ 85.12% for the rhodamine B dye solution under 240 min of exposure to UV-C light.
A Methodology to Estimate Human-Robot Interaction Forces: A Case Study of a 4-DOFs Upper Extremity Rehabilitation Robot
Authors: Cao Qiang , Li Xuanhan , Li Jianfeng , Dong Mingjie , Zhang Zekun
Published: August 2022

Due to the advantages of high durability, great repeatability and task orientation, the upper extremity rehabilitation robots have become a gospel for the rehabilitation treatment of stroke patients. The evaluation system for the comfort performance of rehabilitation robots has always been a research hotspot, and how to calculate the human-robot interaction forces is a challenge for the comfort evaluation. In this article, a four degrees of freedom (4-DOFs) upper extremity robot mechanism that is kinematically compatible with the upper limb is presented. Then, taking this mechanism as the research object, an algorithm for estimating human-robot interaction forces is addressed based on Newton-Euler dynamic. Subsequently, a prototype of the proposed robot is developed, and a comparison experiment of interaction forces is carried out on the prototype. The comparative experimental outcomes indicate that the presented algorithm for calculating the human-robot interaction forces is feasible. The findings of this paper provide a prerequisite for the evaluation of the robot comfort, which is of great practical significance.
Genetic diversity and Population structure assessment of 22 wild Macrobrachium nipponense populations across China: Implications for genetic resources protection and population management
Authors: Jiang Sufei , Xiong Yiwei , Zhang Lijuan , Zhang Wenyi , Zheng Yalu , Wang Jisheng , Jin Shubo , Gong Yongsheng , Wu Yan , Qiao Hui , Fu Hongtuo
Published: August 2022

Macrobrachium nipponense, is an important economic indigenous prawn in China, which is widely distributed in freshwater in China, Japan and Southeast Asia. In this study, D-loop region sequences was used to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of 22 wild populations of M. nipponense through China, containing the major rivers and lakes of China. Totally 475 valid D-loop sequences from 22 populations with a length of 1110bp were obtained, and 348 variation sites and 221 haplotypes were detected. A total of 221 haplotypes were defined in 22 populations. Hap48 was the dominant haplotype, accounting for about 13%. The haplotype diversity (h) was ranged from 0.1630 (BN) ~1.0000 (AR) and the nucleotide diversity π value ranged from 0.001164 (MR) ~ 0.037168 (NR). The pairwise genetic differentiation index (FST) ranged from 0.00344 to 0.91243 and most pair-wised FST was significant (P < 0.05). The lowest FST was displayed in MR and JLR population and the highest was between NDR and NR. The phylogenetic tree of genetic distance based on UPGMA showed that all populations were divided into two branches. The DC, NDR, JLR and MR populations were clustered into one branch. The neutral test and mismatch distribution results showed that M. nipponense populations were not experienced expanding and kept a steady increase. Taken together, a joint resources protection and management strategy for M. nipponense have been suggested based on the results of this study for its sustainable use.
Fetish towards white skin - An empirical study on Indian Perspective using matrimonial advertisements
Authors: Garg Sonam , Chamoli tanishq , Gupta Ankit
Published: August 2022

The concept of marriages is considered to be sacred in Indian Culture, and it can be viewed as a sacred bond and unionbetween two people. Arrange marriages have become a tradition for Indian people. It has been an emblem of this Indian culturesince remote ages. In India, on a daily basis, overall of 425 million people read newspapers because newspaper advertisementsare rich sources of cultural, social, and historical information. Fair skin has been always a part of national spirit of Indians.Though, castes and classes of a person often intersect, fair skin has also been recognized for being an evidence of “betterfinancial and social status of a person.” Long time before, when globalisation arrived, Men and women considered dark skin asa disgrace to them. However, augmented promotion of light-skinned beauty in advertisements since the ongoing of economicliberalization directly points out how market forces play an important role in intensified divisions of gender, caste, religion, andclass. But, people still prefer for time-tested practicing of taking matrimonial advertisements in e-newspapers. Our objectiveof this research work is to use these ads to infer that In today’s scenario, Indian people/societies are fetish towards whiteskin. We have performed query based analysis on matrimonial advertisements in the period of 2010-21 through data miningof e-newspapers. Graphs are plotted depicting the frequency of keywords chosen for a particular time period. We also createda searchable database for all the ads for 30 newspapers of various languages. This study concluded that despite various kindsof developments on many fronts, no matter if it is technological, cultural , and social, Indians still prefer white skin whilemaking crucial decisions of their lives.
A Data-to-Image Mechanism Based on Feature Correlation for Wireless Intrusion Detection
Authors: Yu ZhiJie
Published: August 2022

With the rapid development of technology networks, the security problem of wireless networks is becoming more serious. Among the existing related research works on wireless network intrusion detection, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Deep Neural Network (DNN) are the most widely used models which can better handle multidimensional data without considering the influence of feature correlation on the results. Therefore, this study proposes an approach that calculates the feature correlation to convert non-image data into images and combines feature selection and feature extraction to improve the accuracy of CNN model detection. This approach calculates the Pearson, Spearman, and Kendall correlation coefficients to sort the features into 1D or 2D images according to the highest to the lowest correlational order. The experiment adopts the Aegean Wi-Fi Intrusion Dataset (AWID). The result shows that the best accuracy of the CNN is 99.574%, and the average accuracy is much higher than that of the DNN for non-image data.
Construction of hydrophilic covalent organic frameworks and their fast and efficient adsorption towards cationic dyes from aqueous solution
Authors: Wang Zheng , Li Anran , Zhao Bing , Kann Wei , Li Zhigang , Wang Liyang , Sun Li , Wang Xiuwen , Yin Guangming
Published: August 2022

Research about the functionalized covalent organic framework (COF) materials with well hydrophilic characteristics is significant on account of their application in the removal of dyes in wastewater. In this work, two anionic COF materials (TFPB-Pa-SO3H COF and TFPB-BDSA COF) were successfully synthesized with sulfonated modification as dyestuffs sorbent to be used in the adsorption of cationic dyes. Two prepared COF materials exhibited predominant hydrophilicity with lower water contact angles (35° and 27°) compared with reported COF materials. The sulfonated groups on COFs can efficiently adsorb cationic dyes through electrostatic interaction, which can moderately ameliorate the adsorptive capacity towards hydro soluble dyes. TFPB-Pa-SO3H COF and TFPB-BDSA COF showed superfast adsorption equilibrium to MLB (1 and 2 min) and the higher adsorption uptakes of CV (1559 and 1288 mg g−1), which manifested that the adsorption rate may be closely related to the solubilities of host COFs materials as well as guest dye molecule in aqueous solution; while the adsorption stability between COFs materials and the dye molecule adsorbed on the COFs skeleton accounted for the highly effective adsorption of the aim dye in large quantity. In addition, two COFs as adsorbing materials were successfully applied to the removal of dyes molecules in real water samples.
Hepatoprotective effect of morin against methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity via targeting Nrf2/HO-1 and Bax/Bcl2/Caspase-3 signaling pathways
Authors: Kızıl Hamit Emre , Caglayan Cuneyt , Darendelioğlu Ekrem , Ayna Adnan , Gür Cihan , Kandemir Fatih Mehmet , Küçükler sefa
Published: August 2022

Background Organ toxicity limits the therapeutic efficacy of methotrexate (MTX), an anti-metabolite therapeutic that is frequently used as an anti-cancer and immunosuppressive medicine. Hepatocellular toxicity is among the most severe side effects of long-term MTX use. The present study unveils new confirmations as regards the remedial effects of morin on MTX-induced hepatocellular injury through regulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis and MAPK signaling. Methods Rats were subjected to oral treatment of morin (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) for 10 days. Hepatotoxicity was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of MTX (20 mg/kg body weight) on the 5th day. Results MTX related hepatic injury was associated with increased MDA while decreased GSH levels, the activities of endogen antioxidants (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase) and mRNA levels of HO-1 and Nrf2 in the hepatic tissue. MTX treatment also resulted in apoptosis in the liver tissue via increasing mRNA transcript levels of Bax, caspase-3, Apaf-1 and downregulation of Bcl-2. Conversely, treatment with morin at different doses (50 and 100 mg/kg) considerably mitigated MTX-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the liver tissue. Morin also mitigated MTX-induced increases of ALT, ALP and AST levels, downregulated mRNA expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9), MAPK14 and MAPK15, JNK, Akt2 and FOXO1 genes. Conclusions According to the findings of this study, morin may be a potential way to shield the liver tissue from the oxidative damage and apoptosis.
Spatiotemporal trip pattern analysis in a regional bus network with limited automated fare collection data: a case study of the Pioneer Valley
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed , Oke Jimi
Published: August 2022

Understanding passenger trip patterns is crucial to enabling transit agencies plan effectively and equitably, particularly in response to disruptive events. However, current data collection systems either do not collect detailed passenger behaviour or are expensive to implement. In this paper, we exploit the relatively cheap big data collected by a mobile ticketing system to efficiently extract distinctive travel patterns. We employed our methods on a sample of anonymized data from the Pioneer Valley Transit Authority in Massachusetts. First, we applied a greedy approach to infer trip boarding stop locations. Then we computed the multi-dimensional dissimilarity of the passenger activation time series using the AWarp alignment algorithm, which works well with sparse data. Finally, we clustered these spatiotemporal patterns using hierarchical clustering. Our novel method has resulted in four spatiotemporal trip pattern typologies which we analysed based on demographics, hourly and daily distributions, faretypes, trip length and duration, among other metrics. Three of the typologies were associated with regular commuters, differentiated by either boarding time or transfer propensity. The fourth typology was mostly associated with leisure or other activities. Beyond yielding insights and facilitating demand estimation for planners in the study area, we expect that our framework can be readily applied to aid future decision-making efforts in similar study areas with minimal data availability.
Rice glycosyltransferase gene UGT2 functions in salt stress tolerance under the regulation of bZIP23 transcription factor
Authors: Wang Ting , Li Xing-kun , Liu Xi , Yang Xian-qin , Li Yan-jie , Hou Bing-Kai
Published: August 2022

UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) play key roles in modulating plant responses to environmental challenges. In this study, we characterized a novel glycosyltransferase, UGT2, which plays an important role in salt stress responses in rice (Oryza sativa L). We found that seedlings overexpressing UGT2 exhibited better growth than wild type in shoot and root under hydroponic culture with salt stress treatments, while ugt2ko mutant lines suffered much more growth inhibition. When the soil-grown UGT2 transgenic plants were subjected to salt stress, we also found that ugt2ko mutant lines were severely withered and most of them died, while the overexpression lines grew well and had higher survival rate. Compared with wild type plants, UGT2 overexpression greatly increased the expression levels of the reactive oxygen species scavenging genes and stress responsive genes. Furthermore, the upstream regulatory mechanism of the UGT2 gene was identified and we found that a bZIP transcription factor, OsbZIP23, can bind to the UGT2 promoter and enhance the UGT2 transcription levels. This work reveals that OsbZIP23-UGT2 module may play a major role in regulating the salt stress tolerance in rice.
Characterization of lateritic soil based on literature and lab testing
Authors: Roshan Mohammad Jawed , Hezmi Muhammad Azril , Rashid Ahmad Safuan A , Ullah Rafi , Ullah Arshad
Published: August 2022

Lateritic soil resulting from weathering, particularly the chemical weathering process of rocks, is found widely in tropical and subtropical countries such as Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, and Brazil. The characteristics of this residual soil depend on many factors, including weathering degree, chemical compositions, and laterization degree, indicating their varying properties from one place to another. Thus, it is essential to explore their characteristics before using them as a construction material for a particular structure. In this paper, a lateritic soil sampled from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia has been explored in terms of grain size distribution (GSD), Atterberg limits, specific gravity, compaction, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), unconsolidated undrained (UU) test, FESEM, and EDX. The obtained results indicated that the soil is classified as plastic silt (MH) and A-7-5 according to USCS and AASHTO methods, respectively. The optimum moisture content (OMC) and maximum dry density (MDD) were obtained 28 % and 1.39 g/cm3, respectively, based on the standard compaction method. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) is 200.75 kPa, whereas, in the unconsolidated undrained (UU) test, the deviator stress is equal to 449.4 kPa, 529.3 kPa, and 674 kPa for 50, 100, and 200 kPa, respectively. The total friction angle and undrained cohesion are 25.69° and 115.82 kPa, respectively. According to the FESEM results, the matrix microstructure was detected for the soil. The O, Al, Si, and Fe were detected as primary chemical elements in the soil. The results of this study can help the practitioners to classify the laterite soil and decide based on its characteristics.
Steady-state study and implementation of an AC-AC converter for WECS
Authors: Gutiérrez-Torres Diego , Ramirez Juan M , Lozano-García José M.
Published: August 2022

This paper aims to present the design and implementation of a three-phase and modular direct matrix converter, controlled by the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) modulation strategy, which offers several operational advantages. A prototype that emulates a Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) that incorporates the matrix converter as the main element that links the electrical generator and the electrical grid is presented. The simulation and experimental results corroborate that the matrix converter is a convenient option to take into account for this type of application.
Comparing the efficacy and safety profiles of 0.025% and 0.05% tretinoin creams in treating acanthosis nigricans: A randomized double-blinded study
Authors: Kritsanaviparkporn Chawan , Treesirichod Arucha
Published: August 2022

Background:Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a skin disorder with hyperpigmented and velvety plaques without a standardized treatment regimen. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety profile of 0.025% and 0.05% tretinoin creams in managing AN.Material and Methods:An 8-week, randomized double-blinded study was conducted in adults with AN. Participants were instructed to apply tretinoin cream on their posterior neck. Narrowband reflectance spectrophotometry was used to measure skin improvement through melanin (M) and erythema (E) indices at each follow-up visits at weeks 2, 4, and 8. Improvements in Acanthosis nigricans scoring chart (ANSC), investigator- and patient-global evaluation (IGE and PGE) and adverse cutaneous irritations were also scored.Results: Both the 0.025% and 0.05% tretinoin creams were efficacious in acanthosis nigricans treatment with 17.1±8.0% improvement and 18.4±9.8% improvement after 8 weeks treatment by reflectance spectrophotometry measurement, respectively. There were generally no significant differences in efficacy, improvements in ANSC, IGE, and PGE scores, and local cutaneous irritations between the two groups.Conclusion: The 0.025% and 0.05% tretinoin demonstrate similar efficacy and safety profiles in the management of AN. Both concentrations are well-tolerated with mild degree of local cutaneous irritation.
A unique type of short-segment Hirschsprung Disease, predicting a worse prognosis?
Authors: Xie Chuangping , Yan Jiayu , Guo Jianlin , Liu Yakun , Chen Yajun
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To identify that a unique type of short-segment Hirschsprung Disease (SHD), presenting as a suddenly dilated bowel without a visible transition zone on a preoperative barium enema, have a delayed diagnosis and worse prognosis.Methods: A comparative study was performed to analyze the clinical features and prognosis between those with a visible transition zone (type Ⅱ=69) and those without (type Ⅰ=15) on preoperative barium enema.Results: Age at diagnosis and radical surgery in the type Ⅰ SHD group were significantly older than in the type Ⅱ SHD group (p=0.002 and p=0.001, respectively). Besides, patients with type Ⅰ SHD were more likely to suffer anastomosis leakage and postoperative enterocolitis after TEPT (p=0.017 and p=0.023, respectively). In addition, patients with type Ⅰ SHD are inclined to suffer lower bowel function scores (p=0.018). Further, we found that patients with type Ⅰ SHD were more likely to suffer poorer ability to hold back defecation (p=0.023), soiling (p=0.011), fecal accidents (p=0.004), and social problems (p=0.004).Conclusion: Compared with type Ⅱ SHD, type Ⅰ SHD is diagnosed and performed TEPT at an older age. Besides, patients with type Ⅰ SHD are inclined to suffer postoperative enterocolitis, anastomosis leakage, and poorer long-term bowel function following TEPT.Type of Study: A retrospective single-center studyLevel of evidence: Ⅲ
Interventions for expectant and new parents who are at increased risk for perpetrating child abuse and neglect: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tamon Hiroki , Suto Maiko , Ogawa Kunio , Takehara Kenji , Tachibana Yoshiyuki
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The prevention of child abuse and neglect is an urgent matter given the serious effects of abuse and neglect persisting into adulthood, and the increased risk of the offspring of abused children being abusive themselves. Intervening as early as possible may prevent abuse that can begin in infancy. Although several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have investigated the effects of interventions on populations who are at increased risk for perpetrating child abuse and neglect, few studies have focused on women who are at increased risk for perpetrating child abuse and neglect or interventions that start during perinatal periods. This study aims to describe a systematic review to examine the effects of interventions to prevent child abuse and neglect that begin during pregnancy and immediately after childbirth (less than one year). The study will involve performing a systematic review and meta-analysis based on the latest research articles and a broader literature search.Methods and analysis: The protocol was prepared using the 2015 statement of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols. The review will follow Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The literature search will be performed using the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases from inception onward. Randomized controlled trials of interventions that begin during pregnancy or the first year postpartum, designed to prevent child abuse and neglect in families who are at increased risk for these issues, will be included. Data collection, quality assessment, and statistical syntheses will be conducted by following the methods in the protocol that are predefined.Ethics and dissemination:This study does not require ethical approval. The findings will be presented at conferences and will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42021266462Strengths and limitations of this study- This study will systematically review and analyze evidence on the effectiveness of interventions to prevent child abuse and neglect among pregnant and postpartum women. - This study will investigate a broader range of electronic bibliographic databases, including MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, and CENTRAL, using a systematic search strategy.- The study will be based on the latest articles, and the publication period will not be limited.- As we will only include peer-reviewed articles written in English, a publication bias may occur that excludes related research published in other languages and gray literature. - We will only access limited databases, and furthermore, using different methods to assess child abuse and neglect may cause heterogeneity among studies.
Retrospektive Analyse der RSV Bronchiolitis bei hospitalisierten Kindern im ersten Lebensjahr
Authors:   , Schader Laura
Published: August 2022

Einleitung: RSV ist der häufigste Erreger einer Bronchiolitis bei Säuglingen und Kleinkindern. Besonders oft betroffen sind Säuglinge in den ersten vier Lebensmonaten. RSV-Infektionen führen saisonal gehäuft weltweit zu zahlreichen Hospitalisierungen. Dennoch gibt es in Deutschland keine aktuellen Daten über die Krankheitslast. Methoden: Es erfolgte eine retrospektive Analyse der elektronischen Krankenakten an der Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin des Universitätsklinikums Frankfurt am Main. Erfasst wurden alle von 2007 bis 2017 stationär aufgenommenen Patienten mit positivem RSV-Nachweis. Die Daten wurden aus dem elektronischen Patientenverwaltungsprogramm ORBIS in Exceltabellen übertragen. Ergebnisse: Insgesamt wurden in den letzten zehn Jahren 800 Kinder mit RSV-Infektion stationär aufgenommen. Die Mehrzahl der Kinder befand sich in den ersten 12 Lebensmonaten, n = 564 (70,5 %) und der Hauptteil bestand aus Patienten in den ersten vier Lebensmonaten, n = 341 (60,4 %). In diesem Patientenkollektiv stand bei 289 Kindern eine elektronische Krankenakte zur Datenauswertung zur Verfügung. Von den 289 Patienten handelte es sich bei 35 (12,1 %) um FG und 25 Patienten mussten intensivmedizinisch betreut werden. Von den intensivmedizinisch betreuten Kindern waren 15 Patienten (60 %) FG. Klassischerweise unterschied sich das Gewicht der FG von dem der RG (Frühgeborene: Median 3,43 kg vs Reifgeborene: 5 kg). Unter den FG zeigte sich folgende Verteilung nach Schwangerschaftswochen bei insgesamt 289 analysierten Patienten: < 28. SSW (extremely preterm): n = 4 (1,38 %) der Patienten; < 32. SSW (very preterm): n = 8 (2,76 %) der Patienten und 32 + 1 bis 36 + 6 SSW (late preterms): n = 23 (7,95 %) der Patienten. Die geringe Anzahl an RSV-Infektionen bei FG < 28. SSW hängt vermutlich mit einer erfolgreichen Palivizumab Prophylaxe zusammen. Dafür spricht auch, dass sich der Anteil der späten FG (late 43 preterms), die keine Prophylaxe erhielten, in unserer Untersuchung ähnlich wie in frühere Studien darstellte. Von den 254 RG mussten 10 (3,9 %) Kinder auf Intensivstation (Schwergrad 3 der WHO-Klassifikation), während 102 (40,2 %) Patienten eine Bronchiolitis (Grad 2 der WHO-Klassifikation) aufwiesen und 142 (55,9 %) Patienten hatten eine RSV-Infektion mit Sättigungswerten > 95 %. Schlussfolgerung: Die Krankheitslast der RSV-Bronchiolitis in Deutschland ist sehr hoch, vor allem in den ersten vier Lebensmonaten. Typischerweise ging die RSV-Saison von Dezember bis März, sodass eine Immunprophylaxe bei Risikokindern in dieser Zeit verabreicht werden sollte.
Carbohydrate active enzyme system in rumen fungi: a review
Authors: YÜCEL Halit , EKİNCİ Kübra
Published: August 2022

Hydrolysis and dehydration reactions of carbohydrates, which are used as energy raw materials by all living things in nature, are controlled by Carbohydrate Active Enzyme (CAZy) systems. These enzymes are also used in different industrial areas today. There are different types of microorganisms that have the CAZy system and are used in the industrial sector. Apart from current organisms, there are also rumen fungi within the group of candidate microorganisms with the CAZy system. It has been reported that xylanase (EC3.2.1.8 and EC3.2.1.37) enzyme, a member of the glycoside hydrolase enzyme family obtained from Trichoderma sp. and used especially in areas such as bread, paper, and feed industry, is more synthesized in rumen fungi such as Orpinomyces sp. and Neocallimastix sp. Therefore, this study reviews Neocallimastixsp., Orpinomyces sp., Caecomyces sp., Piromyces sp., and Anaeromyces sp., registered in the CAZy and Mycocosm database for rumen fungi to have both CAZy enzyme activity and to be an alternative microorganism in the industry. Furthermore the CAZy enzyme activities of the strains are investigated. The review shows thatNeocallimax sp. and Orpinomyces sp. areconsidered as candidate microorganisms.
Growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. iceberg) irrigated with brackish water under competition
Authors: Santos Brenner Cabalheiro dos , Amorim Víctor Alves , Borges Larissa Pacheco , Furtado Brunno Nunes , Júnior Jaime Santos do Rego , Matos Fábio Santos
Published: August 2022

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of salt stress and competition on the development and growth of lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa var. iceberg). The plants were grown under greenhouse conditions with 50% interception of solar radiation. Iceberg lettuce seedlings were transplanted to 8-liter pots with surface area of 4.9 dm2 filled with 5 kg of a substrate composed of soil, sand, and manure at the ratio of 3:1:1 v v-1. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design with a 6 × 2 factorial arrangement (six salinity levels and one or two plants per pot), and three replications. An electrical conductivity meter was used to determine the salinity level; NaCl was added to the water until reaching 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 dS m-1. The lettuce plants were sensitive to salt stress; however, the plants can be irrigated with brackish water with electrical conductivity equal to or lower than 2 dS m-1 without significant decreases in shoot fresh weight, therefore meeting the social demand for use low quality water in agriculture. The morphophysiological plasticity of lettuce plants increases the competitive potential of plants in high density crops, with one plant per 2.45 dm2
Os desafios enfrentados no desenvolvimento da carreira das mulheres de diferentes gerações
Authors: Nardes Larissa , Gallon Shalimar , Rech Eduardo
Published: August 2022

As características e os comportamentos das gerações merecem ser estudados, principalmente quando dizem respeito às mulheres no ambiente organizacional. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar os desafios das diferentes gerações de mulheres em relação ao desenvolvimento da carreira. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa com abordagem multimétodos, por meio de um estudo exploratório de caráter qualitativo com 18 mulheres, e uma pesquisa survey de caráter quantitativo com 406 mulheres. Os principais resultados mostram que as gerações mais novas têm maior percepção das barreiras na carreira das mulheres do que as gerações mais antigas, e que a geração Baby Boomers tende a perceber menos as barreiras enfrentadas pelas mulheres. Em relação aos obstáculos que a maternidade pode gerar para a evolução profissional da mulher, evidencia-se que as gerações mais novas têm maior percepção dessas barreiras do que as gerações mais antigas. Os achados dessa pesquisa demonstram que as organizações ainda precisam amadurecer em relação às questões de gênero, desenvolvendo políticas voltadas para as mulheres.
Comparative Study of The Effect of Supervision and Leadership on Work Discipline on Male and Women Workers in Sharia Banking Institutions in Semarang City Banks
Authors: Sijabat Rauly
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurpose - This study aims to examine the effect of supervision and leadership on work discipline and to determine whether or not there are differences in work discipline among male and female workers in Islamic banking institutions in Semarang City.Method - The data collection needed was done through interviews using questionnaires and analysed using a regression test approach to test the effect between variables and a comparative test to examine differences in work discipline behaviour based on gender.Result - The results of the tests carried out in this study indicate that employee work discipline can be explained by supervision and leadership. This study also shows that there are no differences in work discipline for male and female employees who work in Islamic banking institutions in Semarang City.Implication - There is no difference in work discipline for male and female employees, so to improve work discipline, it is done by increasing supervision and leadership that applies fairly and equitably to male and female employees.Originality- Variables developed to explain work discipline behavior based on the results of previous research and have relevance to empirical phenomena. This study was also conducted a comparative study of work discipline behavior based on gender which had never been done in previous research.
Effects of different low temperature conditions on anaerobic digestion efficiency of pig manure and composition of archaea community
Authors: Gu Shiyan , Wang Ruji , Xing Huige , Yu Mingzhe , Shen Siyu , Zhao Liang , Sun Jiyang , Li Yi
Published: August 2022

To explore the effect of low temperature on the anaerobic digestion of pig manure, the anaerobic digestion experiment was carried out under the conditions of inoculum concentration of 30% and TS of 8%. Five low-temperature gradients of 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 °C were set to study the activities of gas production, pH, solluted chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), volatile fatty acids (VFAs), coenzymes F420 and archaea community composition in the digestion process. The results were demonstrated: as the temperature decreased, the more unstable the gas production became, the less gas production produced, and the later the gas peak occurred. There were no significant peaks at either 4 °C or 8 °C, and the SCOD was unstable over time. From 12 °C, the SCOD increased over time, and the higher the temperature, the faster the growth trend. The pH was always greater than 7.6. 8, 12, 16, 20 °C had different degrees of VFAs accumulation at the late digestion stage. The higher the temperature, the greater the amount of volatile acid accumulation. When the VFAs of each reactor reached the maximum, the proportion of acetic acid also reached the highest. The digestion system of the five treatment groups was dominated by hydrogen-nutrient methanogenic pathway. The results could provide a further reference for the mechanism of anaerobic digestion of pig manure at low temperatures.