bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma Experiência de Implementação de Métodos de Ordenação Paralelos em Máquina SIMD
Authors: Carcenori Rodrigo Lima , Meira Júnior Wagner , Carvalho Márcio Luiz Bunte de
Published: February 2023

O presente trabalho baseia-se na implementação de três algoritmos de ordenação em uma máquina SIMD com 8K processadores de 1 bit. Os algoritmos implementados foram os seguintes: Odd-Even Transposition Sort, um híbrido composto a partir do Odd-Even e do Shellsort, e Linar Array Sort. Os testes realizados mostraram que o algoritmo híbrido é o mais eficiente, se o número de elementos a serem ordenados for relativamente elevado (maior que 4096). Em caso contrário, deve-se utilizar o Odd-Even. O algoritmo Linear Array apresentou um desempenho mais modesto, por ser mais flexível quanto à geração dos itens a serem ordenados. Adicionalmente, mostrou-se que uma duplicação do número de processadores virtuais utilizados permite, em geral, reduzir o tempo gasto na execução dos métodos estudados pela metade. Finalmente, constatou-se que a eliminação total do paralelismo pode provocar aumentos de até 100 vezes nos tempos de execução dos algoritmos em estudo.
O Sistema Orientado a Objetos Merlin em Máquinas Paralelas
Authors: Assupção Júnior Jacel Mattos de
Published: February 2023

Os supercomputadores paralelos e as estações de trabalho pessoais podem resolver aspectos diferentes de uma aplicação: o primeiro como um processador numérico de alto desempenho e o outro com uma interface interativa e amigável com o usuário. Os dois ambientes de programação raramente são compatíveis, entretanto, o que complica esta “colaboração”. O Sistema Merlin oferece um modelo computacional uniforme com a distribuição automática dos componentes da aplicação. As principais tecnologias que possibilitam isto são descritas neste trabalho: a linguagem orientada a objetos Self, o modelo de paralelismo de sincronismo por necessidade, a reflexão explícita, a proteção dos objetos e a compilação dinâmica adaptativa. A interação destas técnicas também é abordada.
Um Simulador Distribuído Baseado no Paradigma Espaço-Temporal
Authors: Moreano Nahri B. , Barbosa Valmir C.
Published: February 2023

Este artigo descreve o projeto, a implementação e uma avaliação experimental de um simulador distribuído de eventos discretos baseado no paradigma espaço-temporal de Chandy e Sherman. O ponto central do projeto do simulador foi a total separação das funções pertinentes ao simulador daquelas pertinentes à aplicação sendo simulada, permitindo assim o tratamento de uma vasta classe de problemas. A implementação foi realizada em Occam2 sobre um hipercubo de transputers com oito processadores. Uma avaliação experimental foi feita sobre a simulação de colisões de partículas em duas dimensões, um problema notoriamente difícil em termos de paralelização, e que ainda não havia sido tratado pelo paradigma espaço-temporal. Os resultados indicam valores de speedup compatíveis com os que têm sido obtidos para este problema com outros paradigmas.
Algoritmo de Reconfiguração na Máquina T-Node em Caso de Falhas
Authors: Nunes Raul Ceretta , Navaux Philippe Olivier Alexandre , Jansch-Pôrto Ingrid
Published: February 2023

Neste artigo é apresentado um algoritmo para a execução de reconfiguração na máquina T-NODE na ocorrência de falhas. T-NODE [TEL91] é uma máquina paralela que usa transputers como blocos básicos; foi projetada para aplicacões de alto desempenho e não apresenta, em seu projeto original, qualquer característica especial de tolerância a falhas. No texto, são apresentados brevemente alguns conceitos básicos de sistemas tolerantes a falhas: o ambiente arquitetural da máquina T-NODE, e a motivação para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. Na seqüência, são descritas as principais características dos transputers e da máquina T-NODE; para esta descrição, são consideradas as necessidades e o ponto de vista de reconfiguração. Então é apresentado o algoritmo para reconfigurar a T-NODE quando forem detectadas falhas nos módulos básicos, que correspondem aos transputers e suas memórias locais. O artigo é concluído com uma discusão sobre melhoramentos possíveis e com as conclusões obtidas a partir deste trabalho.
Uma Comparação da Eficiência de Duas Heurísticas para Alocação Estática de Processos
Authors: Seidel Cristiana Bentes , Canaley Lysia Maria M. B. , Arnorim Cláudio Luis
Published: February 2023

Neste trabalho apresentamos os resultados da implementação de dois algoritmos heurísticos para alocação estática de processos em arquiteturas paralelas. Comparamos a eficiência das alocações geradas pelos algoritmo segundo o tempo gasto com execução por cada processador e o volume de comunicação realizada entre diferentes processadores. Analisamos, também, o efeito do balanceamento de carga nas referidas alocações. Nos experimentos realizados apontamos falhas nas duas heurísticas e sugerimos possíveis melhoras.
Um Escalonador Distribuído para Programas Paralelos numa Rede de Workstations
Authors: Rímolo Gustavo S. , Loures Eduardo F. , Almeida Virgílio A. F. , Árabe José N. C.
Published: February 2023

Com o aumento da demanda computacional nas redes de trabalho, torna-se cada vez mais indispensável o bom uso dos recursos disponíveis. Porém, em sistemas distribuídos quase sempre se verifica que alguns recursos são usados de uma forma ineficiente, visto que cada usuário utiliza um nodo do sistema de uma forma independente, sem se preocupar com o sistema como um todo. O objetivo desse trabalho é desenvolver um método onde os usuários possam utilizar todo o sistema de uma forma mais racional, a partir de uma melhor distribuição de tarefas entre os nodos do sistema. Esse método consiste da criação de um escalonador de tarefas que atuará sobre o sistema verificando qual a maquina que fornecerá melhores resultados no instante da criação de um processo. Assim, a carga total do sistema será distribuída de uma forma mais homogênea entre os nodos que o formam.
Algoritmo Paralelo para o Cálculo de Autovalores Associado à Avaliação da Estabilidade a Pequenas Perturbações
Authors: Campagnolo Jorge M. , Martins Nelson , Pereira José L. R. , Falcão Djalma M.
Published: February 2023

A avaliação da estabilidade a pequenas perturbações, em sistemas elétricos de potência de grande porte, é realizada pelo cálculo de autovalores dominantes de matrizes esparsas. Este trabalho apresenta melhorias significativas no algoritino paralelo, para o cálculo de autovalores dominantes, reportado em [1]. Os autovalores são calculados pelo algoritmo de Iterações Simultâneas, implementado num computador paralelo iPSC/860 da Intel. Resultados são apresentados para um modelo prático de sistema de potência, mostrando grandes “speed-ups” obtidos em computação paralela.
MPA - Máquina Prolog Associativa
Authors: Hor-Meyll Malena O. , Feitosa Raul Q. , Amorim Cláudio L. de
Published: February 2023

As arquiteturas convencionais de computadores, baseadas no modelo de von Neumann, não se mostram adequadas para o desenvolvimento de um ambiente eficiente para a linguagem Prolog, fundamentada em mecanismos de unificação e retrocesso automático. Este trabalho propõe a arquitetura de um acelerador, baseado em memória associativa, para ser interligado a uma máquina virtual Prolog desenvolvida na COPPE/UFRJ. A arquitetura proposta aumenta a eficiência da máquina virtual explorando o paralelismo da memória associativa na realização do mecanismo de retrocessso e desrefereciamento. O impacto no desempenho da máquina virtual decorrente da nova arquitetura foi simulado e avaliado utilizando programas de teste simples encontrados na literatura.
Concurrent Hardware Alternatives for the Implementation of the Binary Hough Transform
Authors: Costa Luciano da Fontoura
Published: February 2023

Concurrent hardware alternatives for the implementation of the binary Hough transform, a simple and yet effective technique for digital bar detection, are presented and discussed. The alternatives considered in this paper include: general purpose parallel processors (transputers and the TMS320C40), the parallel image processor MAPP2200, discrete logic integrated circuits and VLSI (digital and multiple-valued circuits). Each of these options is discussed with respect to their relative merits and shortcomings as means for binary Hough transform implementation.
O Processador de Alto Desempenho do CTI Um Estudo de Viabilidade
Authors: Ruggiero Carlos Antônio , Dutra Luís Sérgio Vieira
Published: February 2023

Neste artigo apresentamos o estudo feito no Instituto de Computação do Centro Tecnológico de Informática para se determinar a melhor arquitetura para o novo processador de alto desempenho a ser construído nesse centro. Quatro arquiteturas de sistema são apresentadas e comparadas utilizando-se tanto critérios técnicos quanto de mercado.
Europäischer Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte (Erste Sektion) – Šeks gegen Republik Kroatien Nr. 39325/20 – Urteil vom 03.02.2022
Authors: Knäbe Timo
Published: February 2023

In seinem Kammerurteil in der Rechtssache Šeks gegen Kroatien (Antrag Nr. 39325/20) vom 03.02.2022 stellte der EGMR einstimmig fest, dass die Verweigerung eines Zugangsersuchens zu Dokumenten des kroatischen Staatsarchives mit dem Ziel einer späteren Veröffentlichung betreffend geheime Präsidentenakten keine Verletzung von Art. 10 EMRK darstellt. Das Gericht stellte dabei fest, dass dem klägerischen Zugangsantrag einerseits bereits im Verwaltungsverfahren größtenteils stattgegeben worden war. Andererseits beruhte die Nichtzurverfügungstellung der weiteren Dokumente auf einer Entscheidung des kroatischen Staatspräsidenten basierend auf einer Stellungnahme eines mit Fragen der nationalen Sicherheit befassten Fachgremiums, welche vom Informationsbeauftragten, dem Oberverwaltungsgericht und dem Verfassungsgericht überprüft und bestätigt worden war. Es folgerte, dass der Eingriff in das Recht des Klägers auf freien Zugang zu Informationen im Hinblick auf das wichtige Ziel der nationalen Sicherheit auf Grund des weiten Ermessensspielraums des Staates, über solche Fragen zu entscheiden, notwendig und verhältnismäßig gewesen sei und die anschließende unabhängige innerstaatliche Überprüfung seines Antrags ihm ausreichende Verfahrensgarantien geboten habe.
Der Rücktritt des Reisenden vom Pauschalreisevertrag
Authors: Löw Sebastian
Published: February 2023

The Package Travel Directive led to a broad amendment of the traveller's right to withdraw from the contract. There are now four different rights of withdrawal, which not only differ from each other in terms of the facts, but also in terms of the legal consequences. The provisions range from a right of withdrawal that can be exercised at any time, which normally results in the payment of a compensation, to the possibility of withdrawal free of charge. Many questions arise in this context, which this work attempts to answer.
mujer en las relaciones públicas: una visión desde las esferas académicas y profesional
Authors: Ruiz-Mora Isabel , Almansa-Martínes Ana
Published: February 2023

Presentación: La mujer en las relaciones públicas: una visión desde las esferas académicas y profesional
Effect of Domperidone on Children with Functional Abdominal Pain: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Tavakoli Haghighiand Negin , Mehrabani Sanaz , Esmaeili Dooki Mohammadreza , Hajiahmadi Mahmoud , Moslemi Leila , Asgarirad Hossein , Farmoudeh Ali , Aghalari Rogheih
Published: February 2023

Background: One of the most common functional problems in children is functional abdominal pain (FAP), and dysmotility is one of the possible causes of FAP. Domperidone is a prokinetic drug that increases gastrointestinal motility. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of domperidone on the treatment of FAP in children. Methods: In this double-blind clinical trial study, FAP was diagnosed in 80 children aged 5 - 14 years, who were referred to Amirkola Children's Hospital in Babol for one year based on the criteria of the Rome IV. Then, they were randomly divided into two groups of 40 patients. Group A received domperidone tablets (0.25 mg/kg, three-time/day) for two months, and group B received a placebo. The primary outcome was at least a 50% reduction in both frequency and severity of pain, and the secondary outcome was a significant reduction in the duration, frequency, and intensity of pain according to the Wong-Baker scale compared to baseline. Results: A total of 80 children completed the trial (40 with domperidone). The recovery rate was higher in the domperidone group than in the placebo group after eight weeks (71.8% vs. 28.2%; P < 0.0001), and domperidone had significant superiority over the placebo in reducing the duration (4.58 ± 7.71 vs. 24.5 ± 41.45, min/day, P < 0.001), frequency (3.35 ± 3.99 vs. 10.63 ± 10.55, episode/week, P < 0.001), and intensity (2.20 ± 2.16 vs. 5.05 ± 2.37, P < 0.001) of the pain. Conclusions: Based on the results, domperidone can be useful in the treatment of FAP in children.
PROSPECTS FOR THE APPLICATION OF TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS WITH THE SOLUTION OF ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONSTRUCTION COMPLEX
Authors:   Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction, Balagozov Ahmad , Bayramov Rasim
Published: February 2023

Abstract. In modern construction of the world and, in particular, our republic, the main problem in the process of construction and installation works is their close connection with a huge amount of manual labour. This state of construction not only slows down the pace of these works, but also entails additional costs for construction resources. It has been found that the use of construction 3D- printers in the construction industry will help to solve existing problems, as well as to allow bringing the sphere of construction to a new level. The article presents the experience of introducing 3D printer additive technologies in global construction practice. The article shows advantages and disadvantages of 3D-information modelling, main directions of introduction and approaches of construction processes of structural elements of a building for various purposes.The purpose of this scientific work is to determine the existing opportunities for the development of construction solutions 3D-printers at the world level of construction and the possibility of using them for the prospect of activation, the planned solutions for the construction complexes of the regions of Karabakh. Keywords: 3D Printer, 3D Printing, 3D Technology, extrusion, dry Blends
Melanocytic Lesions With Peripheral Globules: Proposal Of An Integrated Management Algorithm
Authors: Cappilli Simone , Ribero Simone , Cornacchia Luigi , Catapano Silvia , Del Regno Laura , Quattrini Laura , D'Amore Alessandra , Federico Francesco , Broganelli Paolo , Peris Ketty , Di Stefani Alessandro
Published: February 2023

Introduction: A peripheral rim of globules represents a marker of horizontal growth phase in nevi and is a common feature in  children and adolescents. The observation of melanocytic lesion with peripheral globules (MLPG) in adulthood deserve more attention, since a melanoma may exhibits this feature albeit rarely. Risk stratified management recommendations considering a global clinical approach are still missing.
Objectives: To analyze current knowledge on MLPG and propose an integrated management algorithm stratified for age groups.
Methods: We conducted a narrative review of current published data on MPLG, analyzing clinical dermoscopic and confocal distinguishing features of melanoma from bening nevi.
Results: The risk of finding a melanoma when removing a MLPG increases with age especially in people >55 years old and results significantly higher on extremities, head/neck and in case of a single asymmetrical lesion, ≥6 mm in diameter. Dermoscopic features associated to melanoma diagnosis include atypical peripheral globules, asymmetrical distribution,  multiple rims as well as globules reappearance after previous loss. In addition, wide blue-grey regression areas, atypical network, eccentric blotches, tan structureless peripheral areas and vascularizationare atypical dermoscopic features. Confocal worrisome findingss are represented by pagetoid cells within the epidermis, architectural disarrangement and atypical cells of the dermo-epidermal junction with irregular peripheral nests.
Conclusion: We proposed a multi-step age-stratified management algorithm integrating clinical, dermoscopic and confocal findings that may increase the early recognition of melanoma and avoid surgical excision of benign nevi.
Follow-up of Favipiravir-Induced Nail Fluorescence: Implications for Nail and Drugs
Authors: Güder Hüsna , Özünal Zeynep Güneş
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Favipiravir creates fluorescence on nails, which can be seen with Wood's light.
Objectives: The objectives of this study are to examine the properties of fluorescence in the nail due to favipiravir and to observe whether other drugs also produce fluorescence in the nail.
Methods: The research is descriptive, prospective, and quantitative. This study recruited 30 healthcare workers who received favipiravir treatment and 30 volunteers who took or did not take any medication except favipiravir from March 2021 to December 2021. Fingernails of the patients and control groups were examined under Wood's light in the darkroom. If fluorescence was observed in the fingernails, we followed up once a month until the fluorescence disappeared. We calculated the nail growth rate by dividing the distance of nail fluorescence from the proximal nail fold by the number of days since favipiravir was started.
Results: We found nail fluorescence in all patients receiving a loading dose of favipiravir. The fluorescence in the nail decreased and disappeared in the 3rd month. The average nail growth rate at the first visit was 0.14 mm/day. The nail growth rate at the second visit was 0.10 mm/day. A statistically significant difference was found between the first and second visit nail growth rates (z: -2.576; p=0.010<0.05). We found that other drugs did not produce any fluorescence in the nail.
Conclusions: Nail fluorescence induced by favipiravir is dose-dependent and decreases in intensity over time. Nail fluorescence due to favipiravir is likely due to the active ingredient of the drug.
Lead Time From First Suspicion Of Malignant Melanoma In Primary Care To Diagnostic Excision: A Cohort Study Comparing Teledermatoscopy And Traditional Referral To A Dermatology Clinic At A Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Schultz Karina , Ivert Lina U , Lapins Jan , Sartorius Karin , Johansson Emma K
Published: February 2023

Introduction The increasing use of teledermatoscopy in clinical practice has led to demands to evaluate the effects of this new technology on traditional healthcare systems.
Objectives To study lead times from first consultation in primary care to diagnostic excision of suspected malignant melanoma lesions in traditional referrals to a tertiary hospital-based dermatology clinic compared with mobile teledermatoscopy referrals.
Methods A retrospective cohort study design was used. Data on sex, age, pathology report, names of caregivers, clinical diagnosis, date for first visit to primary care unit, and date for diagnostic excision were collected from medical records. Patients managed through traditional referral (n=53) were compared with patients managed at primary care units using teledermatoscopy (n=128) regarding lead time from first visit to diagnostic excision.
Results Mean time from date of first visit at primary care unit to diagnostic excision did not differ between the traditional referral and teledermatoscopy groups (16.2 vs. 15.7 days, median 10 vs. 13 days, p=0.657). Lead times from date of referral to diagnostic excision did not significantly differ (15.7 vs. 12.8 days, median 10 vs. 9 days, p=0.464).
Conclusions Our study indicates that lead time to diagnostic excision for patients with suspected malignant melanoma managed by teledermatoscopy was comparable and not inferior to that of the traditional referral pathway. If teledermatoscopy is used at first consultation in primary care, it could potentially be more efficient than traditional referral.
Infections In Hospitalized Patients With Psoriasis In A Skin Referral Hospital
Authors: Zaredar Nafiseh , Mahmoudi Hamidreza , Soori Tahereh , Teimourpour Amir , Balighi Kamran , Salehi Farid Ali , Daneshpazhooh Maryam
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Psoriasis and its treatments may predispose patients to various infections. This is considered one of the most significant complications in patients with psoriasis. 
Objectives: In the present study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of infection in hospitalized psoriasis patients and its relationship with systemic and biologic treatments.
Methods: All hospitalized patients with psoriasis from 2018 to 2020 in Razi Hospital in Tehran, Iran, were studied and cases of infection were recorded.
Results: Overall, 516 patients were studied and 25 types of infection in 111 patients were found. The most common types of infection were pharyngitis and cellulitis, followed by oral candida, urinary tract infections, common cold, fever of unknown origin, and pneumonia. Female sex and pustular psoriasis were significantly associated with infection in psoriatic patients. Those patients who received prednisolone had a higher risk of infection, and those under treatment with methotrexate or infliximab had a lower risk of infection.
Conclusion: Overall, 21.5% of psoriasis patients in our study had at least one episode of infection. This demonstrates that the prevalence of infection in these patients is not low. Using systemic steroids was associated with a higher risk of infection, while using methotrexate or infliximab was concomitant with a lower risk of infection.
Limited Access to Dermatology Specialty Care: Barriers and Teledermatology
Authors: Duniphin Darlla
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Access to dermatology specialty care is limited in the underserved population. Barrier identification and exploring the potential role of teledermatology are the first steps to address this problem. 
Objectives:  Identify the barriers to dermatologist care for diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers in the underserved population.  Additionally explored was the potential role of teledermatology to provide dermatology care access in the underserved population.  
Methods:  A quantitative descriptive study was conducted via an online survey instrument.  The survey’s barriers portion was adapted from the 1998 Ohio Family Health Survey (OFHS).  The survey’s teledermatology portion was adapted from the McFarland Teledermatology Provider and Imaging Technician Satisfaction Survey.  The participants were practicing dermatologists and members of Georgia, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wisconsin dermatology associations.  Thirty-eight responded to demographic questions, of which twenty-two responded to the survey items. 
Results: The top three barriers ranked as the most concerning were continually uninsured (n = 8; 36.40%), resides in a medically underserved county (n = 5; 22.70%), and family under federal poverty level (n = 7; 33.30%).  Teledermatology as a potential role for access to care was supported by convenient delivery of healthcare (n = 6; 72.70%), an addition to regular patient care (n = 20; 90.90%), and increase to patient care access (n = 18; 81.80%). 
Conclusion:  Barrier identification and teledermatology access to provide care to the underserved population is supported. Further teledermatology research is necessary to address the logistics regarding how to initiate and deliver teledermatology to the underserved.
International Dermoscopy Society (IDS) criteria for skin tumors: validation for skin of color through a Delphi expert consensus by the “Imaging in Skin of Color” IDS Task Force
Authors: Ankad Balachandra S , Behera Biswanath , Lallas Aimilios , Akay Bengu Nisa , Bhat Yasmeen J , Chauhan Payal , Enechukwu Nkechi Anne , Geller Shamir , Jha Abhijeet Kumar , Kaliyadan Feroze , Kayitenkore Kayitesi , Kelati Awatef , Vinay Keshavamurthy , Stein Jennifer , Traoré Ibrahima , Usatine Richard P , Errichetti Enzo
Published: February 2023

Introduction: A structured set of eight basic dermoscopic parameters (lines, clods, dots, circles, pseudopods, structureless, else, and vessels) including a total of 77 variables with corresponding descriptive and metaphoric vocabulary has been released for evaluation of skin tumors by the International Dermoscopy Society (IDS).
Objectives: To validate the aforementioned criteria for the use in darker phototypes (phototypes IV-VI) via an expert consensus.
Methods: The two-round “Delphi method” was adopted, with an iterative process including two rounds of email questionnaires. Potential panelists were asked to take part to the procedure via email on the basis of their expertise on dermoscopy of skin tumors in dark phototypes.
Results: A total of 17 participants were involved. All the original variables of the eight basic parameters reached agreement during the first round, except for “pink small clods” (“milky red globules”) and “structureless pink zone” (“milky red areas”). Moreover, during the first round, panelists proposed a change of three existing items and the introduction of four new items, i.e., “black, small clods” (“black globules”), “follicular plugs”, “erosions/ulcerations”, and “white color around vessels” (“perivascular white halo”). All such proposals achieved agreement, thus being included in the final list, for a total of 79 items. There was consistency between descriptive and metaphoric approach in terms of scoring.
Conclusions: Albeit most of the original items were considered applicable even for skin of color, there are some points of differences that physicians need to know. No significant preference was found between descriptive and metaphoric terminology among panelists.
MAN AS A FUNCTION OF TIME IN THE "KOZYREV SPACE"
Authors: Трофимов Александр Васильевич , Иванчук Сергей Викторович , Шимчишина Оксана Викторовна
Published: February 2023

Время - важнейшая ценность Мы всегда должны понимать смысл времени и использовать его соответственно в позитивном ключе, чтобы выполнить какую-то цель. Время очень дорого для всех нас. Мы должны ценить и уважать важность времени каждый момент. Время - главная ценность в жизни человека.

Time is the most important value We should always understand the meaning of time and use it accordingly in a positive way in order to achieve some goal. Time is very precious to all of us. We must value and respect the importance of time in every moment. Time is the main value in human life.
ПОСТРОЕНИЕ АРХИТЕКТУРЫ РИСКОВ В ХОЗЯЙСТВЕ АВТОМАТИКИ, ТЕЛЕМЕХАНИКИ И СВЯЗИ
Authors: Иванов Владимир Эдуардович , Тришин Никита Алексеевич
Published: February 2023

Обеспечение безопасности движения поездов было и до сих пор остается ключевым моментом железнодорожного транспорта, однако парадокс заключается в том, что в процессе своей деятельности он является источником рисков. Риск представляет собой сочетание вероятности возникновения нежелательного события и его последствий, которые проявят себя в случае возникновения этого события.

Ensuring the safety of train traffic was and still remains the key point of railway transport, but the paradox is that in the course of its activities it is a source of risks. Risk is a combination of the probability of an undesirable event and its consequences, which will manifest themselves in the event of this event.
THE EUROPEAN MENTALITY OF MODERN TIMES AND THE PROBLEM OF SUICIDE
Authors: Сиверцев Евгений Юрьевич
Published: February 2023

В статье показывается, что оптимистический настрой менталитета Нового времени таит в себе серьёзную суицидогенную опасность. Понимание человеком того обстоятельства, что он имеет возможность исследовать мир и подчинять его себе ведёт к увеличению чувства ответственности и - в некоторых случаях - понижению самооценки.

The article shows that the optimistic attitude of the mentality of the New Time is fraught with serious suicidal danger. A person's understanding of the fact that he has the opportunity to explore the world and subordinate it to himself leads to an increase in the sense of responsibility and - in some cases - a decrease in self-esteem
La exégesis de los profetas en la comunión donatista. Una introducción a los ‘Capitula’ donatistas
Authors: Hoover Jesse ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: February 2023

El artículo hace la presentación de las series de capitula bíblicos que se han conservado de los profetas mayores con clara inspiración donatista, para hacer en primer lugar, una presentación de dichos capitula, la forma en la que se han conservado y los especialistas que los han identificado como pertenecientes al donatismo. En un segundo momento se hace la presentación de las series de capitula y tituli correspondientes a cada uno de los profetas mayores. En cada una de las secciones se destacan no solo los textos más significativos y que pueden guardar relación con los principales elementos de la polémica donatista, sino que también se hace al final un resumen para presentar los principales temas desarrollados, haciendo una comparación en cada uno de los casos con diversos escritores cristianos de la antigüedad tardía.
What Is “Totalitarian” Today?
Authors: Busk Larry Alan ,   DePaul University
Published: February 2023

This article reconsiders Hannah Arendt’s account of “totalitarianism” in light of the climate catastrophe and the apparent inability of our political-economic system to respond to it adequately. In the last two chapters of The Origins of Totalitarianism, Arendt focuses on the “ideology” of totalitarian regimes: a pathological denial of reality, a privileging of the ideological system over empirical evidence, and a simultaneous feeling of total impotence and total omnipotence—an analysis that maps remarkably well onto the climate zeitgeist. Thus, while Arendt used the concept of “totalitarianism” to foreclose alternatives to liberal capitalist democracy, the climate impasse suggests that the totalitarian label more properly belongs to the prevailing system itself.
Rules of Rightness
Authors: Polanyi Michael ,   The Polanyi Society
Published: February 2023

This is a recently discovered 1954 Polanyi lecture that was part of a lost eight-part series in Chicago. It develops Polanyi’s interest in unformalized personal participation in knowledge. The lecture discusses how normative “rules of rightness” work and Polanyi expands these ideas later in PK.
My Interest in Polanyi, His Links with Other Thinkers and His Problems:An Interview with Richard T. Allen
Authors: Goodman C.P. , Allen Richard T. ,   The Polanyi Society
Published: February 2023

In this interview, C. P. Goodman invites British Polanyi scholar Richard T. Allen to reflect on his interest in Polanyi’s philosophical ideas and share what he believes is valuable in his thought.
Demographic Characteristics of Children with Biliary Atresia in dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang
Authors: Kusumawati Ninung RD , Ritonga Ratna S , Kevin Christian , Sulaiman Sherynne , Siahaan Silviani S , Pratiwi Juwita
Published: February 2023

Background: Biliary atresia (BA) is a progressive fibrosing obstructive cholangiopathy involving both the intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary system; resulting in obstruction of bile flow and neonatal jaundice. Early diagnosis of biliary atresia and Kasai procedure improves patients outcome. Data form several studies revealed that BA is the most common cause of neonatal cholestasis (25%) and the leading cause of end-stage liver disease in pediatric population. The aim of this study is to determine the outcome and characteristics of children with biliary atresia in dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang.

Methods:  In this study, a retrospective database analysis of 80 infants diagnosed with biliary atresia was conducted. Patient’s demographic data including age, sex, age at disease onset, were collected from year 2018 to 2022; including all comorbidities and complications. Data regarding procedure performed for each patient and their outcome were included in this study.  

Results: Eighty children were included in this study. The mean age of children  referred with biliary atresia was 1.89 month, while the mean age at diagnosis was 2.5 month. Most of the patients were girls.  The incidence of cytomegalovirus infection comorbidity in patients with biliary atresia is quite high, which were reported at 82%.  Children diagnosed with biliary atresia and cytomegalovirus infection resulted in worse prognosis than those without.

Conclusion: Our study support the theories that biliary atresia may be caused by the exposure of external environment during perinatal period such as viral infection. The prognosis of patients with cytomegalovirus comorbidity is worse than that without.
Hypergastrinemia in Children : A Case Report
Authors: Wielim Edbert , Sumbung Nielda Kezia , Widodo Ariani Dewi
Published: February 2023

Gastrin is an important hormone in the gastrointestinal system that promotes gastric acid secretion. Gastrin hormone is produced by the G-cells in the antrum of the stomach. Besides stimulating gastric acid secretion, gastrin also induces the proliferation of the gut epithelial cells, tissue remodelling, and angiogenesis. Gastrin levels higher than 100-150 pg/ml are known as hypergastrinemia. Hypergastrinemia may cause the hypersecretion of stomach acid, which, if not treated properly, may leads to refractory peptic ulcer, severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), diarrhea, or death due to complications of refractory peptic ulcer. This case presented a 12 years old boy with a chief complaint of severe epigastric pain in the past month, accompanied by nausea, especially during supine position. The patient had a previous history of esophagitis. He showed no significant changes upon empirical PPI treatment. However, slight improvements were observed after the administration of Helicobacter pylori treatment. The gastrin level in this patient was 198 pg/mL. Upon discharge, the patient was still given PPI treatment. During the follow-up visitation, patient complaints had improved significantly, and the patient was planned to undergo routine evaluations of gastrin.
Intussusception in Five Months Old Infant, A Rare Cause Colocolica without Pathologic Lead Point: A Case Report
Authors: Dianne Yusri , Amadea Mutiara Annisa , Sayoeti Yorva
Published: February 2023

Intussusception is a common cause in gastrointestinal obstruction and one of condition in which early treatment is critical. Given the risk of acute bowel ischemia, intussusception represents an abdominal emergency in the pediatric population. The symptoms are generally related to intestinal obstruction, as intussusception accounts for up to 50% of pediatric small bowel obstructions in some series. Colocolica intussusception is an uncommon type of intussusception in children that is usually associated with a pathological lead point. This report depicts a five-months-old female baby with a chief complaint of bloody stool 7 hours before admission, accompanied with non-bilious vomit. Patient exhibited the classic triad of intussusception and upon the radiologic examination, a colocolica was noted. Patient then underwent urgent exploratory laparotomy, and the colocolica was reduced through manual reduction (milking technique).
Characteristics of Pediatric Patients with Diarrhea in Indonesia: A Laboratory-based Report
Authors: Amanda Lia , Utami Karin Nadia , Pulungan Andria Amanda , Rudiatmoko Diar Riyanti , Alatas Fatima Safira
Published: February 2023

Background: Diarrhea is still a common health problem in Indonesia, with high morbidity and mortality rate. The severity of diarrhea is associated with age, nutritional status, and cause of diarrhea. This study aims to describe the characteristics and laboratory findings, particularly stool analysis, in pediatric patients with diarrhea. 

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using data from patients aged 0 to 18 with diarrhea who underwent stool analysis in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital between 2012 and 2016. 

Results: The average age of children with diarrhea was 45 months, with most patients (55,6%) being under two years old children. More than half of the patients were boys (58.8%). Two-thirds of the patients (67%) presented with watery stool diarrhea. The interpretation of stool analysis indicated that nearly half of the patients (48%) experienced diarrhea due to bacterial infection, followed by fat malabsorption (20.8%). Similar results were also seen in the stool analysis of children aged 0-24 months, with the prevalence of bacterial infection (35.2%) and fat malabsorption (30.2%) being the most commonly identified etiology of diarrhea. 

Conclusion: In Indonesia, children under two and male gender were more frequently reported to experience diarrhea. The primary manifestation of pediatric diarrhea was watery stools, while the most common etiology was bacterial infections.
Clinical Profile of Constipation in Children Under 5 Years of Age in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Indonesia
Authors: Susianto Steven Christian , Setjaputra Vina Lidya , Athiyyah Alpha Fardah , Sumitro Khadijah Rizky , Darma Andy , Ranuh Reza Gunadi , Sudarmo Subijanto Marto
Published: February 2023

Background: Childhood constipation is still common among children under 5 years of age. This study was conducted to determine the clinical profile of childhood constipation under 5 years of age at dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Indonesia.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed by reviewing medical record of constipated children under 5 years of age at dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya from January to December 2021. Data regarding age, gender, living place, body anthropometric (weight, height and nutritional status), sign and symptoms, and physical examination were collected for each patient. Nutritional status was determined by using WHO 2006 growth chart. We also assessed the presence of concomitant disease among those children and presented the data on the table.
Results: A total of 35 subjects with constipation were included in this study. Mean (±SD) for age, body weight, length/height of these subjects were 27.09±17.71 months, 10.93±6.11 kg, 82.34±18.52 cm, respectively, with the male and female ratio of 1,67: 1. Around 18.2% of subjects presented with wasted, 18.2% with severely wasted, and 18.2% with severely stunted. Hardened stool (80%) was the most prevalent symptom, followed by straining (37.1%) and fecal impaction (22.9%). The most common concomitant diseases of childhood constipation were Hirschsprung’s disease (17.1%), congenital heart disease (11.4%), and hypothyroidism (11.4%).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that boys had a higher prevalence of constipation in children under 5 years of age, with the most prevalent clinical features being hardened stool, straining, and fecal impaction. Meanwhile, Hirschsprung’s disease, hypothyroidism, and congenital heart disease were the most concomitant disease.
Sex and Gender Differences in Stroke and Their Practical Implications in Acute Care
Authors: Ospel Johanna , Singh Nishita , Ganesh Aravind , Goyal Mayank
Published: February 2023

There are several controversies regarding the role of sex and gender in the pathophysiology and management of acute stroke. Assessing the role of sex, i.e., biological/pathophysiological factors, and gender, i.e., sociocultural factors, in isolation is often not possible since they are closely intertwined with each other. To complicate matters even more, the functional baseline status of women and men at the time of their first stroke is substantially different, whereby women have, on average, a poorer reported/ascertained baseline function compared to men. These differences in baseline variables account for a large part of the differences in post-stroke outcomes between women and men. Adjusting for these baseline differences is difficult, and in many cases, residual confounding cannot be excluded. Despite these obstacles, a better understanding of how patient sex and gender differences influence acute stroke and stroke care pathways is crucial to avoid biases and allow us to provide the best possible care for all acute stroke patients. Disregarding patient sex and gender on one hand and ignoring potential confounding factors in sex- and gender-stratified analyses on the other hand, may cause researchers to come to erroneous conclusions and physicians to provide suboptimal care. This review outlines sex- and gender-related factors in key aspects of acute stroke, including acute stroke epidemiology, diagnosis, access to care, treatment outcomes, and post-acute care. We also attempt to outline knowledge gaps, which deserve to be studied in further detail, and practical implications for physicians treating acute stroke patients in their daily practice.
Gerakan Karismatik dan Gereja Kita
Authors: Sarael Hendra
Published: February 2023

Gerakan Karismatik dan Gereja Kita
Les business models de la filière vin en France, entre continuité et innovation. Une analyse des châteaux bordelais
Authors: Ditter Jean-Guillaume , Muller Paul , Tanguy Corinne
Published: February 2023

Notre étude contribue au renouvellement de l’analyse de la filière vitivinicole à partir de l’exemple du vignoble bordelais. Les adaptations au sein de la filière passant par une évolution progressive des exploitations individuelles, nous fondons notre analyse sur leur business model (BM), modèle décrivant de façon systématique les processus de création et de captation de valeur. Nous le combinons avec le modèle du « trépied de la stratégie » pour comprendre dans quelle mesure l’environnement institutionnel et concurrentiel, ainsi que les ressources disponibles, peuvent influencer les BM individuels. Notre proposition de recherche est que leur cadre institutionnel contraint les domaines à adopter un positionnement des ressources et, in fine, un « BM archétypal », tout en leur laissant une certaine capacité de variation. Il contribue à ériger des barrières à l’entrée figeant la hiérarchie des domaines, favorisant les plus prestigieux, au détriment des autres. Certains producteurs peuvent décider de contourner ce cadre institutionnel pour mobiliser des ressources spécifiques, un positionnement concurrentiel différencié et, donc, un BM innovant. Néanmoins, notre analyse ne nous permet pas de conclure que ces BM innovants parviennent à modifier en profondeur le BM archétypal.
Excitation spectrum of tunable spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates and its effective regulation
Authors: Jiao Chen , Jian Yue , Zhang Ai-Xia , Xue Ju-Kui ,   College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China,   Department of Basic Sciences, Lanzhou Institute of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
Published: February 2023

In a recent experiment, the excitation spectrum of spin-orbit (SO) coupled Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of \begin{document}$^{87}{\rm{Rb}}$\end{document} atoms was studied by using Bragg spectroscopy, and the roton-maxon structure was found to exist in the excitation spectrum of magnetized phase. In addition, the roton-mode and its softening phenomenon are obtained by using various artificial SO couplings such as Rashba SO coupling and spin-orbital-angular-momentum coupling. However, the SO coupling strength in previous studies could not be controlled in real time, which limits the further study and precise regulation of the excitation spectrum of condensate. Thus, it is still an important topic to study how to regulate the SO coupling strength of the system through an external driving field, and further regulate the excitation spectrum of SO coupled BECs.

In this work, the excitation spectrum of a tunable SO coupled BECs in free space is studied by using Bogoliubov theory. The time-independent effective Floquet Hamiltonian with two-body interaction is obtained in the high frequency approximation, and then a tunable SO coupling and an effective two-body interaction that can be regulated by the periodic driving of Raman coupling are obtained. Based on the effective Floquet Hamiltonian of the system, the dispersion relation of the BECs with interactions is numerically calculated. It is found that the periodic driving can effectively regulate the structure of the dispersion relation, which indicates that the periodic driving can regulate the phase transition between the zero-momentum phase and the plane wave phase. Then, the Bogoliubov-de-Gennes (BdG) equation of the system is obtained by using Bogoliubov theory. Moreover, the excitation spectrum of the BECs in the zero momentum phase and the plane wave phase are studied, respectively. Only the phonon excitation exists in the excitation spectrum of the zero momentum phase, and the excitation spectrum behaves as a Bessel function with the increase of the periodic driving strength. The phonon and roton excitations exist in the excitation spectrum of the plane wave phase, and the roton mode gradually softens with the increase of periodically driving strength. Therefore, the phonon and roton excitations in the excitation spectrum of SO coupled BECs can be regulated in real time by periodically driving Raman coupling.
Vernalization-triggered expression of the antisense transcript COOLAIR is mediated by CBF genes
Authors: Jeon Myeongjune , Jeong Goowon , Yang Yupeng , Luo Xiao , Jeong Daesong , Kyung Jinseul , Hyun Youbong , He Yuehui , Lee Ilha
Published: February 2023

To synchronize flowering time with spring, many plants undergo vernalization, a floral-promotion process triggered by exposure to long-term winter cold. In Arabidopsis thaliana, this is achieved through cold-mediated epigenetic silencing of the floral repressor, FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC). COOLAIR, a cold-induced antisense RNA transcribed from the FLC locus, has been proposed to facilitate FLC silencing. Here, we show that C-repeat (CRT)/dehydration-responsive elements (DREs) at the 3′-end of FLC and CRT/DRE-binding factors (CBFs) are required for cold-mediated expression of COOLAIR. CBFs bind to CRT/DREs at the 3′-end of FLC, both in vitro and in vivo, and CBF levels increase gradually during vernalization. Cold-induced COOLAIR expression is severely impaired in cbfs mutants in which all CBF genes are knocked-out. Conversely, CBF-overexpressing plants show increased COOLAIR levels even at warm temperatures. We show that COOLAIR is induced by CBFs during early stages of vernalization but COOLAIR levels decrease in later phases as FLC chromatin transitions to an inactive state to which CBFs can no longer bind. We also demonstrate that cbfs and FLCΔCOOLAIR mutants exhibit a normal vernalization response despite their inability to activate COOLAIR expression during cold, revealing that COOLAIR is not required for the vernalization process.
OKREŚLENIE WPŁYWU ILOŚCI UTWARDZACZA NA PRZEBIEG REAKCJI UTWARDZANIA I WYBRANE WŁAŚCIWOŚCI KOMPOZYCJI CIEKŁOKRYSTALICZNEJ ŻYWICY EPOKSYDOWEJ
Authors:   Rzeszow University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Industrial and Materials Chemistry, Kisiel Maciej
Published: February 2023

The crosslinking process of the liquid-crystalline epoxy resin bis[4-(10,11-epoxyundecanoyloxy)benzoate] p-phenelene was described. The aromatic amine 4,4’-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) was used as a curing agent. The stoichiometry of MU22/DDM composition was varied; the molar ratio of amine hydrogen - epoxy groups ranged from 0,8 to 1,2. The reaction was monitored by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), conversion was estimated using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The crosslinking process was carried out without and with magnetic field. The thermal, thermomechanical properties and morphology of MU22/DDM (1/0,8), MU22/DDM (1/1) and MU22/DDM (1/1,2) compositions were studied with use of DSC, DMA and WAXS techniques. Orientation of mesogenic groups in magnetic field was confirmed during WAXS analysis.