bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NOTAS REFLEXIVAS SOBRE CONCEITOS QUE FUNDAMENTAM A UTOPIA COMO POSSIBILIDADE CONCRETA N’O PRINCÍPIO ESPERANÇA DE ERNST BLOCH
Authors: Fialho Rodrigo Sousa
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo pretende alcançar a compreensão da seguinte questão: Como o filósofo alemão Ernst Bloch, à luz do marxianismo, revisita e dá um novo significado ao problema da utopia, transportando o sentido desse termo que, originalmente, significa “não lugar” para topos (lugar) da práxis humana direcionada para frente, em outras palavras, direcionada para a sua concretização na história. Para tanto, abordar-se-á as concepções blochianas do onírico, contrapondo a noção de sonho diurno à de sonho noturno; da pulsão humana fundamental formulada a partir da crítica das teorias psicanalíticas de Freud, Adler e Jüng; do ainda não consciente, concebido com espaço privilegiado da utopia; e da função utópica, conceito intimamente associado à categoria possibilidade, apresentadas na principal obra do autor: O Princípio Esperança como fundamentos basilares do conceito de utopia concreta.
O VIVER E O FAZER CONSTRUINDO MUNDOS.
Authors: Mourão Miranda Leila
Published: January 2019

Neste artigo discute-se o passado/presente na perspectiva de explicitar e compreender o saber/conhecimento contido nas metáforas da linguagem sobre a origem e a importância de produtos vegetais, utilizados na alimentação pelos indígenas na Amazônia. A análise de geração e produção mental/intelectual dos mecanismos sociais de seleção, apropriação e institucionalização informam os processos transmissão de conhecimento. Busca-se refletir, entender e compreender as relações existentes entre os componentes do grupo sociocultural e seus ambientes. Ressalta, também, os procedimentos específicos adotados na produção de conhecimento que se conforma e configura na relação do viver num mundo oriundo no processo das vivencias.
¿Cómo vincular la información que brinda la contabilidad de gestión ambiental con los proyectos de inversión?
Authors: Isaac Roque Daniel , Cañizares Roig Marlene
Published: January 2019

La información que brinda la contabilidad de gestión se manifiesta en gran medida en el sector productivo, sin embargo sus aplicaciones pueden ser empleadas en los diferentes sectores de la economía, contribuyendo al desarrollo sostenible desde el punto de vista empresarial, al vincular los aspectos económicos, sociales y ambientales. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo evidenciar la relación que existe entre la contabilidad de gestión ambiental y los proyectos de inversión, mediante la articulación de la información que utilizan estas, para el proceso que desempeñan en el área o sector de la economía. Se muestran resultados sobre el auge de las investigaciones relacionadas con la contabilidad de gestión ambiental que evidencia su desarrollo y pertinencia.
¿Desarrollan competencias los programas orientados a la economía informal?
Authors: Herrera Lemus Katy C. , Narváez Zurita Ivonne , Erazo Juan Carlos
Published: January 2019

La gestión contemporánea requiere cada vez más desarrollar capacidades no solo tecnológicas sino fundamentalmente laborales. La economía informal no es ajena a esta situación al registrar iniciativas de formación para las actividades que lo conforman; no obstante, la heterogeneidad de este fenómeno muestra resultados que aún no permiten mejorar la empleabilidad y la productividad empresarial de sus integrantes y, por ende, su transición a la economía formal. El estudio de los programas aplicados, con mayor énfasis en América Latina, permite llamar la atención sobre la ausencia de contenidos que se orientan al desarrollo de habilidades laborales en el personal. En consecuencia, se precisan los rasgos de estos programas y se estableces líneas de actuación ante este fenómeno.
Circulación del conocimiento colaborativo: el papel que desempeñan las revistas científicas digitales y el acceso abierto. Desafíos y oportunidades para América Latina
Authors: Persson Micaela , Gutiérrez Mejía Diana Patricia
Published: January 2019

El objetivo es identificar las oportunidades y desafíos que enfrenta la colaboración científica para Latinoamérica, a través de las revistas científicas digitales bajo parámetros abiertos (Open Access, OA). Se inicia con el impacto de la tecnología en la internacionalización de la educación superior, señalando los límites en la construcción y circulación del conocimiento. Bajo una investigación exploratoria, se utiliza una metodología de tipo cualicuantitativa sobre las bases de datos de Latindex (Sistema Regional de Información en Línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal) y Web of Science para comparar la información disponible y fuentes secundarias que analizan redes de coautoría. Los resultados muestran un crecimiento exponencial de las publicaciones OA en las últimas décadas, con fuerte dominio del idioma inglés.
La incidencia de las Normas Internacionales de la Información Financiera sobre la revelación de la información contable en empresas colombianas
Authors: Católico Segura Diego Fernando , Urbina Ayure Jenny Viviana , Gutiérrez Rojas Janeth
Published: January 2019

Se analiza la incidencia que ha tenido la aplicación de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera en la revelación de la información financiera en empresas cotizadas del sector industrial colombiano. Se diseñó un índice de revelación (IR) para determinar la amplitud de la información de sus activos principales: inventarios y propiedad, planta y equipo. Los datos se obtuvieron de un análisis de contenido de las notas a los estados financieros de los años 2014 y 2015 de cuarenta compañías listadas en la Bolsa de Valores de Colombia (BVC). Los resultados evidencian una mayor extensión de la información, lo que mejora su relevancia informativa y, por ende, la calidad de los reportes contables.
EVALUASI KEGIATAN INSTRUKSIONAL PENGUCAPAN BAHASA INDONESIA OLEH MAHASISWA MENGGUNAKAN SURVEI DARING [STUDENT EVALUATION OF INSTRUCTION IN AN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE PRONUNCIATION COURSE USING AN ONLINE SURVEY]
Authors: The Hery Yanto , Latifah Latifah
Published: January 2019

Student evaluation of instruction is important feedback for instructors to receive in order to refine and improve the learning quality of a course. A free online survey, such as Survey Monkey, can be used to collect the feedback. There is display feature in Survey Monkey that allow users to view the summary of the data in tables and charts. The free account does not support downloading data from the server, but users can compile it manually. This study focuses on using an online survey in the Indonesian Language Program of Zhejiang Yuexiu University of Foreign Languages in China. Students who were enrolled in the Indonesian Pronunciation Course evaluated the instruction in the course. The results showed that data collected through a well-structured online survey questionnaire, aligned with the aim of evaluation, can provide the instructor with sufficient information about the strengths and weaknesses of the instruction.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Evaluasi kegiatan instruksional oleh mahasiswa dapat digunakan sebagai bahan masukan untuk memperbaiki dan meningkatkan kualitas belajar mengajar mata kuliah. Evaluasi oleh mahasiswa dapat diperoleh melalui pengumpulan data dengan angket pada survei daring bebas bayar seperti Survey Monkey. Survei ini dapat menampilkan tabel dan grafik ringkasan data yang dengan mudah dapat digunakan oleh dosen untuk melakukan interpretasi. Data kualitatif dari hasil pertanyaan terbuka dapat dilihat pada laman Survey Monkey, namun hasil rinci yang akan diinterpretasi harus diunduh secara manual karena peneliti menggunakan akun bebas bayar. Penelitian survei daring ini memaparkan analisis dan interpretasi evaluasi mahasiswa terhadap kegiatan instruksional mata kuliah Pengucapan Bahasa Indonesia pada Jurusan Bahasa Indonesia, Universitas Bahasa Asing Zhejiang Yuexiu di Tiongkok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, data survei yang dikumpulkan dengan angket daring yang disusun secara terstruktur dan sesuai dengan tujuan evaluasi dapat memberikan informasi mengenai kelebihan dan kekurangan pelaksanaan kegiatan instruksional selama perkuliahan.
MANFAAT DARI PROGRAM MENTORING DI FAKULTAS KEPERAWATAN DAN ILMU KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS PELITA HARAPAN [THE BENEFITS OF A MENTORING PROGRAM IN THE SCHOOL OF NURSING AT UNIVERSITAS PELITA HARAPAN]
Authors: Houghty Grace Solely , Siswadi Yakobus , Mambu Ian Rudy
Published: January 2019

Mentoring is a relationship between someone who has more experience and someone who has less. The literature shows that a mentoring program can enhance the academic success and character development of an individual. A mentoring program started in the school of nursing at UPH in 2013-2014 and it was a new experience for the students. The purpose of this study is to describe the benefits of the mentoring program. The research design is a qualitative descriptive study. The number of participants in the study were 17 mentors and 34 mentees. Narrative qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. The results of the mentors content analysis of the benefits of the program revealed three themes: joint learning, effective communication skills, and caring for others. The results of the narrative data analysis of the mentees produced three themes: mutual respect, kinship, and effective academic learning. Based on this research, it is hoped that the mentoring program can be further developed, especially in the areas of ongoing recruitment and training of mentors.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Mentoring adalah suatu hubungan antara seseorang yang lebih berpengalaman dengan seseorang yang kurang pengalamannya. Literatur menunjukkan bahwa program mentoring akan memberikan dukungan untuk kesuksesan akademik dan pengembangan karakter diri. Program mentoring mulai dilaksanakan pada semester genap 2013-2014 dan merupakan hal yang baru untuk mahasiswa. Perlu untuk mengetahui gambaran program mentoring dalam bentuk data naratif. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menggambarkan manfaat dari program mentoring. Desain penelitian adalah studi deskriptif kualitatif. Jumlah partisipan dalam penelitian adalah 17 mentor dan 34 mentee. Data kualitatif naratif dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis isi. Hasil analisis data naratif dari mentor tentang manfaat program mentoring menghasilkan tiga tema yaitu belajar bersama, keterampilan komunikasi yang efektif, dan rasa peduli kepada orang lain. Hasil analisis data naratif dari mentee tentang manfaat program mentoring menghasilkan tiga tema yaitu saling menghormati, rasa kekeluargaan, dan pembelajaran akademik yang efektif. Diharapkan program mentoring dapat dikembangkan lebih baik lagi khususnya untuk program perekrutan dan pelatihan yang berkelanjutan bagi mentor.
SUMBANGSIH PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN BAGI KEADILAN DIFABILITAS [THE CONTRIBUTION OF CHRISTIAN EDUCATION TO DISABILITY JUSTICE]
Authors: Kristianto Paulus Eko
Published: January 2019

How does Christian education contribute to disability justice? This is the question that guided the author when writing this article. Christian education is at the core of students’ formation. Students are invited not only to master knowledge, but also a theological perspective that they can apply to issues and problems. In mapping and responding to this, the author conducted a literature study of the Christian education curriculum used in schools of the Christian education working group of the churches in Indonesia. The results of this study indicates that  disability theology is an issue that has not been discussed comprehensively in the Christian education curriculum in schools, although it has been discussed explicitly at a minimal level.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Bagaimana sumbangsih pendidikan agama kristen bagi keadilan difabilitas? Pertanyaan ini menjadi pokok permasalahan dan panduan dalam penulisan artikel ini. Pendidikan agama kristen merupakan inti pembentukan peserta didik. Peserta didik diajak tidak hanya menguasai ilmu yang tinggi, melainkan teologi yang mampu berdialog dengan konteks mereka. Dalam memetakan dan menanggapi permasalahan tersebut, penulis melakukan penelitian studi pustaka terhadap kurikulum pendidikan agama kristen di sekolah dari kelompok kerja pendidikan agama Kristen persekutuan gereja-gereja di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa isu teologi difabilitas belum dibahas secara komprehensif dalam kurikulum PAK di sekolah, walaupun sudah dibahas secara eksplisit dalam kadar minim.
KONSELING KELOMPOK DENGAN PENDEKATAN EKSISTENSIAL-HUMANISTIK UNTUK MELATIH PENYESUAIAN DIRI MELALUI RANDAI DARI MINANGKABAU [GROUP COUNSELING USING AN EXISTENTIAL-HUMANISTIC APPROACH TO DEVELOP SELF-ADJUSTMENT COMBINED WITH THE EXPRESSIVE ARTS TECHNIQUES OF RANDAI OF MINANGKABAU]
Authors: Hasna Afra
Published: January 2019

Group counseling is a group therapeutic activity to help the counselee identify problems, find alternatives using problem- solving and decision-making, and then act. The existential-humanistic approach in group counseling aims at influencing the counselee to focus on human nature, including the ability to be self-aware, self-determined, and responsible. For clients that need help with self-adjustment, counseling can be combined with the expressive arts techniques of Randai (a folk theatre tradition of the Minangkabau ethinic group in West Sumatra). The application of Randai can be done at the working stage. Using Randai, clients can be trained to be cautious, compact, cooperative, diligent, and optimistic.

ABSTRAK: Konseling kelompok merupakan kegiatan terapeutik berkelompok guna membantu konseli mengidentifikasi, menemukan alternatif pemecahan masalah dan pengambilan keputusan dan mewujudkannya. Pendekatan eksistensial-humanistik dalam konseling kelompok bertujuan mempengaruhi konseli berfokus pada sifat manusia mencakup kesanggupan untuk menyadari diri, bebas menentukan nasib sendiri, dan bertanggungjawab. Dalam praktik konseling dikolaborasikan dengan kegiatan randai dari Minangkabau sebagai upaya melatih penyesuaian diri. Penerapan randai dilaksanakan pada tahap kerja (working stage). Dalam randai, klien dilatih bersikap hati-hati, kompak, kerjasama, tekun dan optimis.
STUDI PENGALAMAN MAHASISWA CALON GURU DALAM MEMPRAKTEKKAN FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN KRISTEN [A FIELD EXPERIENCE STUDY OF PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS IN PUTTING THE CHRISTIAN EDUCATION PHILOSOPHY INTO PRACTICE]
Authors: Rasilim Connie
Published: January 2019

Equipping prospective teachers to understand and implement the philosophy of Christian education is very important since it is one of the foundational weapons for students to use when encountering different and colliding worlviews. The purpose of this research was to explore whether the pre-service teachers of Teachers College UPH were able to demonstrate the philosophy and practice of Christian education during their internship program. The method used in this research was case study, and the data was pulled together from semi-structured interviews given to the pre-service teachers, teacher-educators, and mentors. The collected data was then analyzed using the axial coding method. The results of this research indicate that the pre-service teachers were able to demonstrate the philosophy and practice of Christian education during their internship.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Membekali calon guru untuk memahami dan mempraktekkan filsafat pendidikan Kristen sangat penting karena hal tersebut adalah salah satu senjata paling mendasar bagi para mahasiswa untuk menghadapi banyak pandangan hidup dunia yang berbeda dan saling menyerang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi cara guru pra-layanan dari Teachers College UPH apakah mampu menunjukkan filosofi dan praktek pendidikan Kristen selama program magang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus, dan data ditarik bersama oleh wawancara semi terstruktur. Wawancara diajukan ke guru pra-jabatan, pendidik dan mentor guru. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode axial coding. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa guru pra-layanan mampu menunjukkan filsafat dan praktik pendidikan Kristen selama magang.
PENERAPAN IMBALAN DAN KONSEKUENSI BERBASIS DEMOKRASI DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEDISIPLINAN SISWA KELAS 3 SEKOLAH DASAR KUPANG [THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DEMOCRATIC-BASED REWARDS AND CONSEQUENCES TO IMPROVE DISCIPLINE OF GRADE 3 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN KUPANG]
Authors: Wagiu Ester Margareth , Hidayat Dylmoon
Published: January 2019

The problem of discipline is an issue that is considered common in the classroom setting.  The researcher found that the lack of discipline in some students in a grade 3 elementary school in Kupang made the atmosphere in the classroom uncomfortable and not conducive to learning. The researcher's aim was to integrate democratic-based rewards and consequences into the discipline process. Classroom Action Research was used with 4 students as the subjects. The study implemented in three cycles from October 16, 2017, to November 1, 2017. The instruments that were used in continuing to the next cycle were students' activities and observation; other instruments were observation of the method's implementation, mentor's interview, and students' questionnaires. The result of the research showed improved changes to student discipline from cycle one to cycle three.

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Masalah disiplin di dalam kelas adalah suatu kebiasaan yang sudah dianggap umum terjadi di dalam kelas. Pada saat mengajar peneliti menemukan masalah kurangnya disiplin pada beberapa siswa di kelas 3 sekolah dasar Kupang yang menjadikan kelas tidak nyaman dan tidak kondusif untuk dilaksanakan pembelajaran. Peneliti bertujuan untuk memadukan antara demokrasi, imbalan dan konsekuensi dalam proses pendisiplinan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode tindakan kelas dengan 4 orang siswa sebagai subyek. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan sampai tiga siklus dari tanggal 16 Oktober 2017 sampai dengan 1 November 2017. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk melanjutkan siklus adalah lembar observasi aktivitas siswa dan instrumen lainnya adalah lembar observasi penerapan metode, wawancara mentor dan angket siswa. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan adanya perubahan kedisiplinan yang lebih baik pada siswa dari siklus satu hingga siklus ke tiga.
Susceptibility to SIV Infection After Adenoviral Vaccination in a Low Dose Rhesus Macaque Challenge Model
Authors: Bukh Brody Irene , Calcedo Roberto , Connell Mary J. , Carnathan Diane G. , Nason Martha , Lawson Benton O. , Nega Melon T. , Boyd Surina , Qin Qiuyue , Vanderford Thomas H. , Wilson Jolaine M. , Wilson James M. , Silvestri Guido , Betts Michael R.
Published: January 2019

Background: Vaccination with the Merck human adenovirus serotype-5 (HAdV-5) vectored HIV-1 subtype B gag/pol/nef vaccine was unexpectedly associated with enhanced susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in uncircumcised HAdV-5 seropositive men. It has been hypothesized that vaccination may have resulted in activated CD4+ T lymphocytes trafficking to mucosal sites thereby increasing targets for HIV infection. We have previously shown that AdV-vector vaccination in rhesus macaques resulted in an increase in the frequency of activated mucosal CD4+ T cells. However, whether this increase in activation is sufficient to increase susceptibility to HIV/SIV infection is unclear.Methods: To examine this scenario, we developed a preliminary, proof-of-concept vaccination-challenge model in order to examine vaccine-induced SIV susceptibility in rhesus macaques. Rhesus macaques (n = 10/group) were vaccinated with a simian AdV-7 (SAdV-7)-vector encoding an irrelevant insert (SARS spike) and challenged 5 weeks post-prime in an escalating dosing regimen starting with sub-infectious doses (1:10,000 or 2TCID50) of SIVmac251.Results: In contrast to our previous study, the SAdV-7 vaccine regimen did not induce detectable mucosal CD4+ T cell activation at the time points assessed in animals obtained from a different vendor and housed in a different facility. Within the power of the study, we did not observe significantly increased SIV acquisition in SAdV-7-vaccinated (5/10) versus placebo-vaccinated (3/10) macaques after repeated low-dose intra-rectal SIVmac251 challenge (P <  0.2).Conclusions: These results lay groundwork for future experiments to assess vaccine-induced SIV susceptibility in rhesus macaques. Further larger-scale studies are necessary to confirm the AdV-vector vaccination associated trend towards increased SIV/HIV acquisition and clarify associated mechanisms.Keywords: vaccine; HIV; CD4; susceptibility
A novel energy optimization approach for electrical vehicles in a smart city
Authors: AYMEN FLAH , mahmoudi chokri , sbita lassaad
Published: January 2019

Smart cities and smart technologies have been incorporated into several axes to increase the comfort of life. The connected building's concept was introduced for this reason. However, it was utilized in power management for better organizing, greater buildings management, and monetary savings. Cars technologies and the number of vehicles are also involved; Nowadays, each house has at least one car. Technological evolution helped to make those cars intelligent and connected. In the latest versions, the majority of those cars were equipped with several sensors, several communication protocols and a principal electrical control unit (ECU), especially for the electric vehicle model. This type of architecture was an essential element in a smart city, thus, it helps to manage power and decide when a vehicle needs to be charged. Based on the smart city concept and using possible network communication between buildings and vehicles, EVs can share their own information related to the powerful experience on a specific path. This information can be gathered in a gigantic database and used for managing the power inside these vehicles. In this field, we propose in this paper a new approach for power management inside an electric vehicle based on bi-communication between vehicles and buildings. The proposed approach is founded on two essential parts; the first is related to vehicles’ classification and buildings’ recommendation according to different car positions. Two algorithms, related to the SVC and neural network was employed in this work for implementing the final process. Different possibilities and situations were discussed for this approach. The proposed method was tested and validated using Simulink/Matlab application. The state of charge of the used battery was compared at the end of this work, for two specified cases, for showing the contribution of this approach.
GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND INCIDENCE OF SKELETAL ANOMALIES IN PACU LARVAE UNDER DIFFERENT WEANING PROTOCOLS
Authors: Mendes de Freitas Thiago , Guidini Lopes Ivã , Da Silva Lopes Taís , Buzollo Hellen , Portella Maria Célia
Published: January 2019

The inadequate supply of food during a fishââ‚¬â„¢s larval stage, in addition to impairing growth and survival, may lead to the emergence of skeletal anomalies, since essential nutrients are involved in the osteogenic process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two weaning periods on growth, survival and incidence of skeletal anomalies in pacu larvae (Piaractus mesopotamicus) during its initial development. The larvae (5 dph) were placed in 100L tanks at a density of 12 larvae L-1, during 42 days. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four feeding treatments: (A) larvae fed only Artemia nauplii; (D) larvae fed only formulated diet; and two treatments with different weaning periods, early at six (W6) and late, at twelve days of feeding (W12). Higher growth indexes and survival rates were observed in A and W12, in comparison to W6 and D. At the end of the experiment, larvae fed Artemia nauplii and subjected to late weaning (W12) presented higher mass gain and survival, in comparison to W6 and D, however the incidence of skeletal anomalies was similar among treatments. It was concluded that the emergence of skeletal anomalies in P. mesopotamicus larvae was not associated to the weaning protocols used in this study and late weaning, at 12 days of feeding, did not impair growth and survival of these larvae.
Content of Hindi and English Television News Channels: The Journalists’ Perspective
Authors: Kumar Amit , Gaur Poonam
Published: January 2019

The news is not just an ordinary media product, especially in a democracy. It plays a very crucial role in engaging common people in democratic processes. Television news media plays a vital role in shaping the public opinion which is very important in any democracy. As a result, the content of television news channels has been the topic of serious discussion and research among journalists and academics. This study employed a qualitative approach to reveal the perspectives of working journalists on the different aspects of the content of Hindi and English television news channels.

 
From the Outside In: Biological Mechanisms Linking Social and Environmental Exposures to Chronic Disease and to Health Disparities
Authors: Bagby Susan P. , Martin Damali , Chung Stephanie T. , Rajapakse Nishadi
Published: January 2019

The ongoing epidemic of chronic diseases involves a spectrum of clinical entities now understood to represent late manifestations of progressive metabolic dysfunction initiated in early life. These diseases disproportionately affect disadvantaged populations, exacerbating health disparities that persist despite public health efforts.

Excessive exposure to stressful psychosocial and environmental forces is 1 factor known to contribute to population-level disparities in at-risk settings. Yet increasing evidence reveals that even a single adverse environmental exposure—especially during very early developmental years—can become literally biologically embedded, inducing long-lasting disease-promoting pathways that amplify responses (e.g., cortisol, immune, inflammatory) to all future adverse stressors, thus enhancing their disease-promoting impacts. The same pathways may also interact with ancestrally linked genetic variants to modify chronic disease risk.

We address how, in at-risk populations, environmentally activated disease-promoting pathways can contribute to a biologically based disease-susceptible phenotype; this is likely to be uniquely damaging in populations with multiple adverse exposures and is capable of cross-generational transmission. Intended to complement existing models, this biological perspective highlights key research opportunities and life-stage priorities with potential to enhance the reduction of health disparities.
Building the Evidence Base to Inform Planned Intervention Adaptations by Practitioners Serving Health Disparity Populations
Authors: Alvidrez Jennifer , Nápoles Anna María , Bernal Guillermo , Lloyd Jacqueline , Cargill Victoria , Godette Dionne , Cooper Lisa , Horse Brave Heart Maria Yellow , Das Rina , Farhat Tilda
Published: January 2019

Many evidence-based interventions (EBIs) have been developed to prevent or treat major health conditions. However, many EBIs have exhibited limited adoption, reach, and sustainability when implemented in diverse community settings. This limitation is especially pronounced in low-resource settings that serve health disparity populations.

Often, practitioners identify problems with existing EBIs originally developed and tested with populations different from their target population and introduce needed adaptations to make the intervention more suitable. Although some EBIs have been extensively adapted for diverse populations and evaluated, most local adaptations to improve fit for health disparity populations are not well documented or evaluated. As a result, empirical evidence is often lacking regarding the potential effectiveness of specific adaptations practitioners may be considering.

We advocate an expansion in the emphasis of adaptation research from researcher-led interventions to research that informs practitioner-led adaptations. By presenting a research vision and strategies needed to build this area of science, we aim to inform research that facilitates successful adaptation and equitable implementation and delivery of EBIs that reduce health disparities.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Evidence-Based Medicine in Practice
Authors: Hutyra Carolyn A. , Streufert Benjamin , Politzer Cary S. , Agaba Perez , Rubin Elka , Orlando Lori A. , Taylor Dean C. , Mather Richard C.
Published: January 2019

Background:

The dissemination of evidence-based information into medical practice is essential to provide patients with optimal care and realize society’s substantial investments in medical research. Effective information delivery and treatment utilization may lead to improvements in patient outcome, reductions in cost, and an overall lower burden on the health-care system. This study examines the dissemination of medical evidence following a first-time anterior shoulder dislocation (FTASD) and assesses the impact of potential dissemination strategies.

Methods:

The state of evidence dissemination into clinical practice for FTASD was evaluated with use of the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. The treatment pathway for patients with FTASDs was mapped and evaluated using data that were collected through an orthopaedic shoulder-specialist survey and with review of a claims database.

Results:

A total of 1,755 patients with an FTASD were identified through a national claims database; 50% of patients followed up with a care provider within 30 days after an emergency department (ED) or urgent care visit. Based on shoulder-specialist survey data, physician estimates of the risk of redislocation within a 2-year window aligned with medical evidence 59% of the time. Only 29% of patients obtained information for FTASD that aligns with high-level medical evidence.

Conclusions:

There are gaps and deficiencies in the dissemination and application of evidence in the treatment of FTASDs. Specifically, patients have limited exposure to health-care encounters where appropriate information related to low rates of follow-up following ED or urgent care visits may be communicated. Evaluating the current state of practice and identifying areas of improvement for the dissemination of evidence regarding FTASDs can be achieved through application of the RE-AIM framework. Greater consideration and resourcing of dissemination and implementation strategies may improve the dissemination and the impact of existing medical evidence.
Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization (FISH) for the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Surgical Tissues
Authors: Lippmann Torsten , Braubach Peter , Ettinger Max , Kuehnel Mark , Laenger Florian , Jonigk Danny
Published: January 2019

Background:

As the number of arthroplasties performed increases, periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) represents a common and challenging problem. The Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) recommends diagnosing PJI according to its guidelines. The aim of the current study was to assess whether fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded periprosthetic membranes can successfully improve the diagnosis of infection in patients with orthopaedic implants.

Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed 88 periprosthetic membranes of joint prostheses using FISH analysis according to a standard protocol, with a probe targeting a sequence found in most bacteria. We compared the results with routine clinical classification according to the guidelines of the MSIS, microbiological culture, and histopathological classification according to Morawietz and Krenn. We additionally performed FISH analysis using 2 species-specific probes for several culture-positive cases.

Results:

FISH successfully detected bacteria in 38 (95%) of 40 periprosthetic membranes that were rated positive by clinical classification. FISH results compared with clinical classification demonstrated a sensitivity of 95% (95% confidence interval [CI], 83.08% to 99.39%), a specificity of 85.42% (95% CI, 72.24% to 93.93%), a positive predictive value of 84.44% (95% CI, 70.55% to 93.50%), and a negative predictive value of 95.35% (95% CI, 84.19% to 99.43%). FISH results compared with histopathological classification demonstrated a sensitivity of 95.12% (95% CI, 83.47% to 99.40%), a specificity of 87.23% (95% CI, 74.26% to 95.17%), a positive predictive value of 86.67% (95% CI, 73.21% to 94.95%), and a negative predictive value of 95.35% (95% CI, 84.19% to 99.43%). We successfully detected Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with species-specific FISH probes in all cases that were positive for these respective bacteria by microbiological culture.

Conclusions:

FISH-based diagnosis of PJI is feasible and can be used as an additional diagnostic criterion. FISH not only can detect bacteria in periprosthetic membranes but can also differentiate pathogens at the species level. FISH represents a fast and reliable tool for detecting PJI in periprosthetic membranes, especially in combination with clinical and histopathological classification.

Level of Evidence:

Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Comparison of Infection Risk with Corticosteroid or Hyaluronic Acid Injection Prior to Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Richardson Shawn S. , Schairer William W. , Sculco Thomas P. , Sculco Peter K.
Published: January 2019

Background:

Recent studies have shown that intra-articular injections ≤3 months before total knee arthroplasty increase the risk of periprosthetic joint infection. We are aware of no previous study that has differentiated the risk of periprosthetic joint infection on the basis of the type of medication injected. In addition, we are aware of no prior study that has evaluated whether hyaluronic acid injections increase the risk of infection after total knee arthroplasty. In this study, we utilized pharmaceutical data to compare patients who received preoperative corticosteroid or hyaluronic acid injections and to determine whether a specific injection type increased the risk of periprosthetic joint infection.

Methods:

Patients undergoing unilateral primary total knee arthroplasty were selected from a nationwide private insurer database. Ipsilateral preoperative injections were identified and were grouped by medication codes for corticosteroid or hyaluronic acid. Patients who had received both types of injections ≤1 year before total knee arthroplasty were excluded. The outcome of interest was periprosthetic joint infection that occurred ≤6 months following the total knee arthroplasty. The risk of periprosthetic joint infection was compared between groups (no injection, corticosteroid, hyaluronic acid) and between patients who received single or multiple injections. Statistical comparisons were performed using logistic regression controlling for age, sex, and comorbidities.

Results:

A total of 58,337 patients underwent total knee arthroplasty during the study period; 3,249 patients (5.6%) received hyaluronic acid and 16,656 patients (28.6%) received corticosteroid ≤1 year before total knee arthroplasty. The overall infection rate was 2.74% in the no-injection group. Multivariable logistic regression showed independent periprosthetic joint infection risk for both corticosteroid (odds ratio [OR], 1.21; p = 0.014) and hyaluronic acid (OR, 1.55; p = 0.029) given ≤3 months before total knee arthroplasty. There was no increased risk with injections >3 months prior to total knee arthroplasty. Direct comparison of corticosteroid and hyaluronic acid showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) between medications or between single and multiple injections.

Conclusions:

Preoperative corticosteroid or hyaluronic acid injection ≤3 months before total knee arthroplasty increased the risk of periprosthetic joint infection. There was no difference in infection risk between medications or between multiple and single injections. On the basis of these data, we recommend avoiding both injection types in the 3 months prior to total knee arthroplasty.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Spinal Tuberculosis
Authors: Ali Ahmed , Musbahi Omar , White Veronica L.C. , Montgomery Alexander Sheriff
Published: January 2019

* Spinal tuberculosis (STB) is a common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB), accounting for 3.7% of TB cases in the United States.

* The most common presentation is chronic back pain, for which the diagnosis of STB can be easily overlooked, leading to the development of neurological deficits and osseous deformities of the spine.

* The risk of TB is increasing as a result of multidrug-resistant TB strains.

* The first line of treatment is antitubercular medical therapy, with surgical intervention being indicated for decompression of neurological elements that have been unresponsive to medical therapy, the restoration of spinal stability, and the correction of deformity.

* Early diagnosis and treatment improve the prognosis.

* This review of the current literature on STB offers an insight into our experience on STB treatment at a western STB specialist hospital.
Modeling velocity distributions in small streams using different neuro-fuzzy and neural computing techniques
Authors: Genc Onur , Kisi Ozgur , Ardiclioglu Mehmet
Published: January 2019

Accurate estimation of velocity distribution in open channels or streams (especially in turbulent flow conditions) is very important and its measurement is very difficult because of spatio-temporal variation in velocity vectors. In the present study, velocity distribution in streams was estimated by two different artificial neural networks (ANN), ANN with conjugate gradient (ANN-CG) and ANN with Levenberg–Marquardt (ANN-LM), and two different adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS), ANFIS with grid partition (ANFIS-GP) and ANFIS with subtractive clustering (ANFIS-SC). The performance of the proposed models was compared with the multiple-linear regression (MLR) model. The comparison results revealed that the ANN-CG, ANN-LM, ANFIS-GP, and ANFIS-SC models performed better than the MLR model in estimating velocity distribution. Among the soft computing methods, the ANFIS-GP was observed to be better than the ANN-CG, ANN-LM, and ANFIS-SC models. The root mean square errors (RMSE) and mean absolute errors (MAE) of the MLR model were reduced by 69% and 72%, respectively, using the ANFIS-GP model to estimate velocity distribution in the test period.
Electro-oxidation of landfill leachate using boron-doped diamond: role of current density, pH and ions
Authors: Agustina F. , Bagastyo A. Y. , Nurhayati E.
Published: January 2019

Electro-oxidation using a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode can be used as an alternative to leachate treatment. Aside from the hydroxyl radical, BDDs are capable of generating chloride and sulfate radical species that play significant roles in the oxidation of pollutants. This research investigated the role of Cl−:SO42− ions at molar ratios of 237:1, 4:1 and 18:1, and the influence of applied current density (i.e. 50, 75 and 100 mA cm−2) on the removal of organic and ammonium contaminants. The results show that current density had considerable effects on chemical oxygen demand (COD) and colour removal, while ion composition of Cl−:SO42− at pH 3, 5 and 8.5 (original pH) gave different effects on COD and ammonium removal. The pH had a significant effect on the COD removal at the ratio of 237:1, but showed no dramatic effect at the ratio of 18:1, giving ∼40% of COD removal at all pHs tested. This indicates that electro-oxidation at the ratio of 18:1 could be effectively conducted at a wide range of pH. Furthermore, the optimum ammonium removal was obtained at pH 8.5 with the ratio of 237:1. This process was found to be ineffective in increasing the biodegradability index of the leachate; instead, it exhibited mineralization of organic content.
OsmiR528 Enhances Cold Stress Tolerance by Repressing Expression of Stress Response-related Transcription Factor Genes in Plant Cells
Authors: Tang Wei , Thompson Wells A.
Published: January 2019

Background:

MicroRNAs participate in many molecular mechanisms and signaling transduction
pathways that are associated with plant stress tolerance by repressing expression of their target genes. However,
how microRNAs enhance tolerance to low temperature stress in plant cells remains elusive.

Objective:

In this investigation, we demonstrated that overexpression of the rice microRNA528 (OsmiR528)
increases cell viability, growth rate, antioxidants content, ascorbate peroxidase (APOX) activity,
and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and decreases ion leakage rate and thiobarbituric acid
reactive substances (TBARS) under low temperature stress in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana),
pine (Pinus elliottii), and rice (Oryza sativa).

Methods:

To investigate the potential mechanism of OsmiR528 in increasing cold stress tolerance, we
examined expression of stress-associated MYB transcription factors OsGAMYB-like1, OsMYBS3,
OsMYB4, OsMYB3R-2, OsMYB5, OsMYB59, OsMYB30, OsMYB1R, and OsMYB20 in rice cells
by qRT-PCR.

Results:

Our experiments demonstrated that OsmiR528 decreases expression of transcription factor
OsMYB30 by targeting a F-box domain containing protein gene (Os06g06050), which is a positive
regulator of OsMYB30. In OsmiR528 transgenic rice, reduced OsMYB30 expression results in increased
expression of BMY genes OsBMY2, OsBMY6, and OsBMY10. The transcript levels of the
OsBMY2, OsBMY6, and OsBMY10 were elevated by OsMYB30 knockdown, but decreased by Os-
MYB30 overexpression in OsmiR528 transgenic cell lines, suggesting that OsmiR528 increases low
temperature tolerance by modulating expression of stress response-related transcription factor.

Conclusion:

Our experiments provide novel information in increasing our understanding in molecular
mechanisms of microRNAs-associated low temperature tolerance and are valuable in plant molecular
breeding from monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous, and gymnosperm plants.
A Comparative Study on Transformation of UML/OCL to Other Specifications
Authors: Thangaraj Jagadeeswaran , Ulaganathan Senthilkumaran
Published: January 2019

Background:

Static verification is a sound programming methodology that permits automated
reasoning about the correctness of an implementation with respect to its formal specification
before its execution. Unified Modelling Language is most commonly used modelling language
which describes the client’s requirement. Object Constraint Language is a formal language which
allows users to express textual constraints regarding the UML model. Therefore, UML/OCL express
formal specification and helps the developers to implement the code according to the client’s requirement
through software design.

Objective:

This paper aims to compare the existing approaches generating Java, C++, C# code or
JML, Spec# specifications from UML/OCL.

Methods:

Nowadays, software system is developed via automatic code generation from software design
to implementation when using formal specification and static analysis. In this paper, the study
considers transformation from design to implementation and vice versa using model transformation,
code generation or other techniques.

Results:

The related tools, which generate codes, do not support verification at the implementation
phase. On the other hand, the specification generation tools do not generate all the required properties
which are needed for verification at the implementation phase.

Conclusion:

If the generated system supports the verification with all required properties, code developer
needs less efforts to produce correct software system. Therefore, this study recommends introducing
a new framework which can act as an interface between design and implementation to
generate verified software systems.
Comparison of Regulatory Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceutical Drugs in Asean and GCC Regions
Authors: Mohit  , Deep Aakash , Khurana Gaurav , Kumar Jagdeep , Monga Akshay
Published: January 2019

Background:

The product registration in rest of the world is a challenging task because
they are not harmonized. ASEAN and GCC regions come under semi-regulated market. These regions
have somewhat harmonized their regulatory organization. The significance of an emerging
market is increasing globally. It is important for pharmaceutical companies to be up-to-date with
the latest regulatory development. ASEAN used ACTD format and GCC used ICH CTD format
for drug product Registration. ASEAN includes a group of countries like Singapore, Philippines
etc. Whereas GCC includes Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and UAE.

Conclusion:

This review article focuses on general regulatory requirements of registration of
pharmaceuticals in ASEAN and GCC region.
Implementation Considerations for Blockchain in Healthcare Institutions (Preprint)
Authors: Paranjape Ketan , Car Josip , Parker Mitchell , Houlding David
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND

Healthcare is undergoing a transformation worldwide1. In many developed countries, mature but antiqued national healthcare services are being burdened with a growing aging population, changes in payment reforms, worker shortage and rising costs2. Combined with a surge in innovative technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI)3 and blockchain4 which can help with automating medical record mining to provide a more accurate diagnosis5 or reduce errors in medical practice6 by providing accurate and tailored treatment while reducing the financial burden, today’s healthcare systems are ready for change.

After success in industries like financial services7 and retail8, if blockchain can be scaled and moved into the mainstream in healthcare, it can help alleviate the many concerns with security and privacy of health data and help stitch together a longitudinal history of health data that is fragmented and locked away in multiple silos today.

Sophisticated use of blockchain technology will contribute to improving health outcomes, improved health care quality, and lower health care costs – the three overarching aims that the U.S. is striving to achieve (also known as the “Triple aim”)9.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aims to provide a primer on blockchain technology, and implementation considerations for blockchain at healthcare institutions.

METHODS

Systematic literature survey, conversation with experts.

RESULTS

After extensive research and interviews, we developed a primer and high level implementation guide for healthcare systems exploring the use of blockchain technology.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of blockchain technology in healthcare is at a promising stage in development but Blockchain-based applications are yet to be demonstrated as a viable platform for exchanging and reviewing information. Healthcare systems should be cautiously optimistic regarding the potential of blockchain and do a thorough business and technical diligence that is driven by targeted use cases (s) to be successful.
Study on Growth Mechanism of Cu Nanowires and Its Application as Transparent Conducting Electrode
Authors: Mardiansyah Dedi , Triyana Kuwat , Harsojo Harsojo
Published: January 2019

Cu nanowires (CuNWs) were synthesized in an aqueous solution at low temperature using ethylenediamine (EDA) as a capping agent and hydrazine as a reducing agent. This study investigated the growth of mechanism CuNWs and fabricated the transparent conducting electrode. For the growth mechanism of CuNWs, the study was conducted with an optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The performance of the transparent conducting electrode was studied with UV-Vis spectrometer and IV meters. CuNWs growth from Cu nanoparticles (CuNPs) in the solution. Transparent conducting electrode gave a sheet resistance of 48.8 Ohm/sq and the transmittance of 52.63%. The understanding of the growing mechanism of Cu nanowires is important for the development of CuNWs for alternative application as a transparent conducting electrode.