bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Game-theoretic Approach to Electricity Retail Pricing Design for Demand Response Management in Russian Regions
Authors: Aizenberg Natalia , Stashkevich Elena
Published: November 2020

The paper evaluates present-day retail market electricity rates in Russia from the standpoint of demand response i.e., how they motivate the customers to reduce demand during critical peak periods. For that purpose, the daily payments of different types of customers in RF regions are analyzed. It is shown that not all the retail market rates now in force stimulate the reduction of peak loads. A theoretical game model is proposed for the formation of electrycity rates for different types of consumers that incentivizes the demand response..
Determining the Resource of Safe Operation for Objects by Images
Authors: Andreev Vyacheslav , Andreeva Olga , Gai Vasiliy , Berberova Maria
Published: November 2020

In this paper, a systematic study of the microstructure damage process of metals and alloys was carried out. The main elements of the microstructure surface image, as well as the rules for the formation and interaction of rough slip traces and cracks to determine the model of damage accumulation on the image of the microstructure surface under cyclic loading are determined. A classifier that allows to determine the number of loading cycles before a sample goes out of service is proposed. A modernized structure of the convolutional neural network was developed to classify images of the damaged microstructure of the metals and alloys surface. The proposed classifier for determining the number of loading cycles made it possible to achieve a classification accuracy of 78.43%.
Mathematical modelling of the oxyfuel gasification of pulverized coal fuel
Authors: Donskoy Igor
Published: November 2020

In this work, we studied the efficiency of the coal gasification process under oxyfuel conditions. Using mathematical modelling one-dimensional stationary statement, the optimal parameters of coal processing were determined, air and oxyfuel conditions are compared. The calculated dependences of the characteristics of the gasification process on the stoichiometric ratio at different initial temperatures are constructed. The optimal values of oxygen stoichiometric ratio and the maximum values of cold gas efficiency in the selected range of parameters are determined. The contribution of the thermophysical and reactive properties of the gasification agent to the change in the cold gas efficiency is estimated.
Features of formation and reduction of sulfur dioxide emissions when burning brown coal in boilers with liquid slag removal
Authors: Elsukov Vladimir , Latushkina Svetlana
Published: November 2020

The paper considers the influence of technological factors (design of the boiler-unit, load, air excess, the number of working dust collecting systems) on the formation and reduction of sulfur dioxide emissions in boilers with liquid slag removal. Understanding of this influence can be used both at many operating heat and power sources, and in the development of new combustion technologies. The long-term experience of burning brown coals of the Kansk-Achinsk basin (KAC) at CHPP-6 in Bratsk in boilers of the BKZ-320-140 PT type is studied and analyzed. The analysis uses the results of various thermodynamic and industrial studies of the sulfur dioxide formation during the combustion of KAC, including those carried out by the authors. They identified the temperature and structural zones of the boiler unit, where the resulting reaction of the sulfur dioxide transition to calcium sulfate occurs. It was found that such a zone is the upper part of the cooling chamber, where the indicated transition occurs at temperatures of 1500 ÷ 1400 K. It was found that SO2 emissions rise with an increase in the boiler load and air excess. They also depend on the number of dust systems and their combination (determining the turbulization of combustion processes). A technological mechanism for the sulfur dioxide transition to calcium sulfate for the operation of boilers with liquid slag removal is proposed. Regime and constructive measures are proposed to reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide.
Accounting for variable operation conditions when optimizing cogeneration GTU and CCGT
Authors: Kler Aleksandr M. , Zharkov Pavel V. , Stepanova Elena L. , Potanina Yulia M.
Published: November 2020

The paper deals with a new approach to mathematical modeling and optimization of cogeneration GTU and CCGT, taking into account the variable conditions of their work, developed at the ISEM SB RAS. An analysis was carried out of the features of using this approach in relation to the thermal power plants. According to this approach at mathematical modelling of the plant there are structural optimized parameters (affecting the design of the plant), mode optimized parameters (affecting the operation of the plant in the mode with partial thermal loads) and balancing parameters affecting solution of the system of equations in the nominal mode and in modes at partial loads The connection between the design calculation (at rated loads) and verification calculations (at partial thermal loads) is carried out through the structural characteristics of the plant elements, determined during the design calculation. Taking into account these features, the problem of optimization of continuously changing parameters of cogeneration TPP was formulated, focused on the use of the developed optimization method. New mathematical models of the elements of the thermal power plants have been created. Optimization technical and economic studies of the considered plants were carried out in relation to various climatic conditions.
Numerical modeling of radiation heat exchange in combustion chambers and heat exchangers of power installations
Authors: Moskalenko Nikolay , Dodov Ibragim , Akhmetshin Azat
Published: November 2020

The application of numerical modeling is considered to solve the problems of radiation heat exchange in structurally inhomogeneous two-phase media which are realized during the combustion of fuel in boiler units atmospheric emissions from air carriers when they move at supersonic speeds. The optically active ingredients of the gas phase of the combustion products have a sharp selection of spectral absorption lines (radiation) which causes a difference in the spectral transmission functions for selective radiation from the spectral transmission functions for non-selective radiation (gray body). In the presence of a dispersed phase of the combustion products acute selection is subjected to such a parameter of the radiation propagation medium as the probability of quantum survival. The number of spectral lines determining the spectral transmission functions increases with temperature and is determined by hundreds of thousands of lines at high temperatures. In this paper we consider a closed simulation of radiation heat transfer in combustion chambers when the temperature field in the combustion chambers is calculated first and then the flux of thermal radiation to the tube heat-receiving surfaces.
An experimental study of combined operation of energy storage system and gas engine power plant in off-grid power system
Authors: Nesterenko Gleb , Prankevich Gleb , Savitskiy Aleksey , Gladkov Dmitriy , Zyryanov Vyacheslav , Kuchak Sergey , Mokrousova Julia
Published: November 2020

Test results of the main industrial prototype of energy storage system (ESS-10-1200-400) of nominal power 1200 kVA, energy capacity 400 kWh and voltage 10 kV based on lithium-ion batteries when operating in combination with gas engine generators (GEG) as a part of experimental power system with active abrupt variable load are given. Its structure, components and parameters, as well as the components and parameters of ESS are described. Tests have shown high operation capacity of the prototype tested, high efficiency of the implemented algorithms and confirmed the expediency of the use of ESS for smoothing power surges/sheddings in the GEG, thus preventing their emergency shutdown resulted from the power surge.
A technique for determining a relationship between the prices of heat and electricity generated by CHP
Authors: Stepanova Elena , Zharkov Pavel
Published: November 2020

A technique was developed to optimize operations of a combined heat and power (CHP) plant taking into account changes in thermal loads. The technique is based on determining the relationship between changes in the price of electricity and changes in the price of heat. The price range is determined, on the basis of which the Pareto-optimal set of decisions is built. This set of solutions helps to find options for technical solutions that ensure the competitiveness of CHP plant relative to single-product heat and power generating plants and the most effective option to choose. It is required to solve three optimization problems to construct a Pareto-optimal set of solutions: the problem of minimizing the price of electricity for a given heat price and the rate of return on investment, the problem of minimizing the energy price to determine the maximum heat price, and the problem of minimizing the exergy price to find the minimum boundary of the heat price range. The technique was tested on the example of a cogeneration gas turbine plant. The cogeneration gas turbine plant has a waste-heat boiler and a contact heat exchanger for heating the make-up network water. The heat price range for the investigated a cogeneration gas turbine plant has been determined. Optimization studies of the operating modes of a cogeneration gas turbine plant were carried out in this range with a certain step. The results obtained can be used to select the optimal technical solutions, select the optimal combination of circuit-parametric solutions that ensure the competitiveness of the products of a cogeneration gas turbine plant.
Using of Viola and Jones Method to Localize Objects in Multispectral Aerospace Images based on Multichannel Features
Authors: Usilin Sergey , Slavin Oleg
Published: November 2020

A new algorithm for localizing engineering objects on multispectral images based on the Viola and Jones method has been developed. The proposed algorithm uses multichannel features allowing to construct classifiers that are sensitive to features of joint brightness distribution and the brightness distribution in different channels. The algorithm described in the paper provides a precision value of 0.96 and a recall value of 0.99 in the problem of localizing oil storage tank images in a set of aerospace images. The proposed algorithm can be used for visual analytics and automatic detection of various critical objects in aerospace images.
Russia’s electric power reintegration with Central Asia and Caucasus and entering South Asia and Middle East electricity markets
Authors: Belyaev Lev , Chudinova Lyudmila , Podkovalnikov Sergei
Published: November 2020

Results of the next round of studies on Russian interstate electric ties are described. A part of the Eurasian region including European and Siberian part of Russia and countries of Central Asia, Caucasus, Southern Asia and Middle East is considered for 2040 target year. Great effectiveness of creation of interstate power grid in this region is shown.
State-private partnership - the growth factor of gasification of Russian region
Authors: Filimonova Irina , Komarova Anna , Nemov Vasily , Provornaya Irina , Dzyuba Yuri
Published: November 2020

The gasification of Russian regions is one of the most important problems for the national economy. The development of the gas supply system contributes to the socio-economic development of the regional economy, to the increase increasing the level and quality of life, and to the solution of the key environmental issues. The Krasnoyarskiy Kray is the only region in the east of the country that has a significant resource potential of natural gas but at the same time, it can’t be connected to the trunk gas pipeline in the short and long term perspective. The purpose of the study is to assess the efficiency of investments in the construction of gas supply facilities, gasification, and their exploitation in the southern and central regions of the Krasnoyarskiy Kray. In this study authors solved the following objectives: we systematized information about the current state of the Krasnoyarskiy Kray gasification and the prerequisites for its development (resource base and transport infrastructure); we assessed economic efficiency of the investments in the construction, gasification, and exploitation of gas supply facilities in the southern and central regions of the Krasnoyarskiy Kray; we formulated proposals to ensure economic efficiency using the mechanism of public-private partnership. The authors recommend an option according to which federal budget investments will amount to 70% of their total investment in the Krasnoyarskiy Kray gasification program. Under this option, the selling price of gas will drop to 4708 rubles per 1000 cubic meters of natural gas excluding VAT. Organization of production, preparation for transport, and transportation of natural gas in the central regions of the Krasnoyarskiy Kray will create new highly paid jobs, significantly increase the GRP, and improve the demographic situation.
Analysis of foreign experience in implementing state policies to ensure energy supply to remote areas
Authors: Gubanov Maxim , Morkovkin Dmitry , Gibadullin Arthur , Dontsova Olesya , Gavel Olga , Sadriddinov Manuchehr
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the problems of providing consumers of electric energy in the decentralized energy supply zone by the example of economically developed countries with territories at the level of the Arctic Circle. An increase in the share of renewable energy sources in the energy balance of many fears as the main direction of regional energy development is shown. The energy policy of most Scandinavian states has a pronounced focus towards the maximum use of renewable energy sources along with the implementation of measures to save energy and increase energy efficiency. The provision on the priority use in the countries of the Arctic region of locally available energy sources, which include all types of renewable sources, as well as local hydrocarbons, is justified in order to ensure independence from external fuel supplies.
Prospects for the use of coal of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for energy needs
Authors: Pavlov Nikita , Takaishvili Liudmila , Zakharov Vasiliy
Published: November 2020

The Republic has significant resources for the development of mining, export and domestic consumption, including the energy needs of the republic and neighboring regions. The article provides a retrospective analysis of the supply of Yakut coal for energy needs and the structure of capacities by energy resources. The estimation of power-generating coal resources, including low-grade products of coking coal processing of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), is given. Characteristics of coal deposits are presented, which are useful for energy needs. Projects for the development of coal-fired energy in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are presented. The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has significant coal resources for the development of coal-fired power plants. Coal power facilities play a closing role in meeting the demand for electricity and heat. The use of coal for the development of coal-fired energy in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) can be determined by the development of mining industry, the construction of power plants of small capacity in isolated areas, as well as the possibility of exporting coal-fired power plants.
Conceptual Approaches in the Regional Segment Assessment the Energy Security State of Decentralized Territories of the Northeast of Russia
Authors: Reev Stepan , Kiushkina Violetta , Lukutin Boris
Published: November 2020

In order to timely identify threats and risks to energy security and promptly respond to them and the dynamics of their change, the Energy Security Doctrine provides for the formation of a risk management system. The significant heterogeneity of the regions of the Russian Federation, including with a special specificity of the territories of the North and the Arctic zones and the predominance of decentralized energy supply in them, justifies the need for the formation of a regional segment of the assessment that provides for and takes into account these differences in detailing the sphere and the monitoring process itself. The paper presents proposals on the formation of the structure of a separate module of the regional segment for assessing the energy security of isolated areas, separate research modules and indicators for assessing decentralized power supply systems from the standpoint of ensuring energy security. One of the approaches to the formation of the structure of a single information space of the regional segment of the risk management system is proposed.
Hydro Power Plants in the Interconnected Power System of Siberia: Trends and Problems
Authors: Nikitin V.M. , Malinovskaya E.N.
Published: November 2020

The paper discusses the trends, features, and current problems of the operation of hydro power plants in the interconnected power system (IPS) of Siberia. The main feature of the IPS of Siberia is a high proportion of hydro power plants and, as a result, a strong dependence of power generation on the natural fluctuations of water inflows into reservoirs. The problems affecting the power system efficiency arise when the inflows deviate from normal and close-to-normal values. The study indicates the need to improve the current system of managing and planning the operation of hydro power plants. The important factor that can increase the efficiency and reliability of the power system operation is bringing the permissible ranges of variations in reservoir levels in compliance with the design values. Planning the long-term power balances and increasing their validity should involve predictive scenarios of water inflows into reservoirs.
Analysis of Economic-Technical Potential of Renewable Power Sources for the Establishment of National Renewable Energy Center in Ninh Thuan Province, Vietnam
Authors: Phap Vu Minh , Van Binh Doan , Nam Nguyen Hoai , Edelev A. V. , Marchenko M. A.
Published: November 2020

Currently, Vietnam‘s energy source structure is being changed by which renewable energy sources play more important role to meet the electricity demand and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from fossil energy sources. Vietnam’s energy development strategy determines to build some renewable energy centers, of which Ninh Thuan is the first province designated to become a national renewable energy center. This is based on Ninh Thuan’s endowment as a province having the largest renewable energy potential in Vietnam. Development of a large renewable energy center allows power system planners to overcome the mismatch in timescales associated with developing transmission power grid and renewable energy generation. Besides, renewable energy center can facilitate a significant pipeline of large-scale renewable energy and storage projects. However, Ninh Thuan province is far away from the major load centers of Vietnam so the calculation and analysis of economic indicators need to be studied. This paper will present the results of the analysis of economic indicators of major renewable electricity sources in Ninh Thuan (onshore wind power, offshore wind power, solar power) to provide scientific arguments for developing a renewable energy center in Vietnam. Also the paper addresses the problem of the large-scale penetration of renewable energy into the power system of Vietnam. The proposed approach presents the optimization of operational decisions in different power generation technologies as a Markov decision process. It uses a stochastic base model that optimizes a deterministic lookahead model. The first model applies the stochastic search to optimize the operation of power sources. The second model captures hourly variations of renewable energy over a year. The approach helps to find the optimal generation configuration under different market conditions.
Analysis of perspective technical solutions for the implementation of integrated heat and cooling systems in a harsh continental climate
Authors: Vasilev Semen
Published: November 2020

The possibility of introducing the technology of integrated heat and cold supply in a sharply continental climate is considered on the example of a specific district of the city of Yakutsk, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Russia. In this paper is analysed the possibility of district cooling system based on absorption for one district. The characteristics of specific cold consumers are analysed. Various options for district cooling technologies for the conditions of the North are compared. Calculations of cold consumption for buildings of series 1-464A are made. The analysis of the composition of the equipment, technical solutions, reconstruction of buildings, etc. A comparison of the financial and economic efficiency of the chiller-fan coil system and local split systems for a specific consumer is made.
Flicker control in mains with distributed generation plants
Authors: Bulatov Yuri , Kryukov Andrey , Van Huan Nguyen
Published: November 2020

The use of distributed generation (DG) plants in power supply systems is a rapid development line. However, the impact of DG on power quality is multivalued. On the one hand, the presence of DG allows to reduce voltage losses. On the other hand, a phenomenon called flicker and associated with rapid voltage fluctuations is possible. This effect is usually manifested at an abrupt voltage drop in the DG generator connection unit. The processes taking place in the network when flicker occurs in networks with DG have not been sufficiently studied. The article presents results of the flicker modeling in a network equipped with DG plants, implemented on the basis of synchronous generators. The results obtained indicated that with sharp disturbances caused by switching on and off an additional load, flicker is observed in networks with unregulated generators, accompanied by voltage and frequency fluctuations. Based on the wavelet transformation and spectral analysis methods, it was found that the power spectral density of the generated flicker-noise is inversely proportional to the frequency. The use of look-ahead control algorithms to control the excitation and rotors rotational speed of the DG plants generators, as well as concordant adjustment of their controllers, increases stability and removes flicker completely.
Estimation of Power Losses Caused by Supraharmonics
Authors: Novitskiy Alexander , Schlegel Steffen , Westermann Dirk
Published: November 2020

Nowadays increases the number of power electronic devices in distribution electrical networks rapidly. Modern generation and consumption units use high switching frequency power converters for the network connection and therefore cause the voltage and current distortion in the frequency range over 2 kHz (so-called “supraharmonics”) in addition to conventional harmonics. Supraharmonics cause additional power losses in electrical equipment. The goal of the offered paper is the estimation of power losses caused by supraharmonics. The estimation is based on the measurement results obtained in a real MV/LV network in Germany.
Optimization of Short-term Modes of Hydrothermal Power System
Authors: Gayibov Tulkin , Pulatov Bekzod
Published: November 2020

Optimal planning of short-term modes of power systems is a complex nonlinear programming problem with many simple, functional and integral constraints in the form of equalities and inequalities. Especially, the presence of integral constraints causes significant difficulties in solving of such problem. Since, under such constraints, the modes of power system in separate time intervals of the considered planning period become dependent on the values of the parameters in other intervals. Accordingly, it becomes impossible to obtain the optimal mode plan as the results of separate optimization for individual time intervals of the period under consideration. And the simultaneous solution of the problem for all time intervals of the planning period in the conditions of large power systems is associated with additional difficulties in ensuring the reliability of convergence of the iterative computational process. In this regard, the issues of improving the methods and algorithms for optimization of short-term modes of power systems containing thermal and large hydroelectric power plants with reservoirs, in which water consumption is regulated in the short-term planning period, remains as an important task.

In this paper, we propose the effective algorithm for solving the problem under consideration, which makes it possible to quickly and reliably determine the optimal operating modes of the power system for the planned period. The results of research of effectiveness of this algorithm are presented on the example of optimal planning of daily mode of the power system, which contains two thermal and three hydraulic power plants..
Existing Condition and Prospects of Making Power Balance and Managing Load of Electric Consumers in Uzbek Power System
Authors: Reymov K M , Rafikova G R , L A Nematov , Esemuratova Sh
Published: November 2020

The possibilities and the effectiveness of using various methods of controlling the loads of electric consumers are determined with the conditions of the balance of capacities and electricity in the power system. In this regard, the article analyzes the current state and assesses the immediate prospects for ensuring a balance of capacities and electricity in the energy system of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Development of an Algorithm for Evaluating the Dominant Factors that have the Greatest Impact on the Energy Intensity of Products
Authors: Rakhmonov I U , F A Hoshimov
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the assessment of the dominant factors that have the greatest impact on the energy intensity of products. A method is proposed that makes it possible to single out the most significant factors from all the variety of factors affecting energy indicators and to give an appropriate assessment to each of them. Methods and mathematical models are proposed that can be used for current and medium-term forecasting of electricity consumption. The analysis is carried out and the energy characteristics of production units are developed, depending on the reduced and total volume of manufactured products. Using linear programming methods, the energy intensity coefficients of the entire range of products manufactured by individual production units are obtained.
Optical bistability in two-dimensional nonlinear composites of coated cylinders with nonlinear core and graded shell
Authors: Wu Ya M. , Chen Guo Q. , Wu Wen C. , Wang Yi X. , Huang Yang
Published: November 2020

The intrinsic optical bistability of the nonlinear composite consisting of coated cylinders with nonlinear core and graded Drude shell is investigated with self-consistent mean-field approximation. We derive the nonlinear equation of near field for such graded composite in the quasistatic limit. We demonstrate that the bistability threshold and the bistable width are highly dependent on the core radius, the incident frequency, and the graded coefficient of the coated cylinder inclusion. It is found that the optical bistability appears only when the core radius and the incident frequency satisfy some specific conditions. Therefore, the optical bistability for nonlinear composite materials may be optimized by the suitable adjustment of the physical and geometrical parameters. Our results may be helpful for the design of the nonlinear device with appropriate bistability.
Hungary: a European hotspot of non-native crayfish biodiversity
Authors: Weiperth András , Bláha Martin , Szajbert Bettina , Seprős Richárd , Bányai Zsombor , Patoka Jiří , Kouba Antonín
Published: November 2020

There is a long history of crayfish introductions in Europe and numbers keep increasing. In Hungary, spiny-cheek crayfish Faxonius limosus, signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus, red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii, marbled crayfish P. virginalis and Mexican dwarf crayfish Cambarellus patzcuarensis have become established. Here we report on monitoring at two localities with novel crayfish assemblages closely linked to releases associated with the pet trade. Florida crayfish Procambarus alleni were recorded from the Gombás brook near Vác living in syntopy with the established spiny-cheek crayfish. Dozens of Florida crayfish individuals including egg-carrying females have been detected. The short lifespan of this species and its documented presence including two overwintering in at least two years suggests possible establishment. However, the lack of juvenile records calls for further monitoring as long-term propagule pressure cannot be ruled out. We also identified a single marbled crayfish in the Danube floodplain at the end of the monitoring campaign. The second locality (Városliget thermal pond in Budapest) harbours an even more diverse crayfish assemblage. Here, we identified numerous red swamp and marbled crayfish in syntopy with dozens of monitored redclaws Cherax quadricarinatus and seven individuals of New Guinean Cherax species − C. holthuisi, C. snowden, as well as two scientifically undescribed species. These findings clearly indicate the attractiveness of urban and, especially, thermal waters for the release of even expensive aquatic pets and highlight the hitherto poorly known biodiversity of New Guinean crayfish species.
Solving methods for the quay crane scheduling problem at port of Tripoli-Lebanon
Authors: Skaf Ali , Lamrous Sid , Hammoudan Zakaria , Manier Marie-Ange
Published: November 2020

The quay crane scheduling problem (QCSP) is a global problem and all ports around the world seek to solve it, to get an acceptable time of unloading containers from the vessels or loading containers to the vessels and therefore reducing the docking time in the terminal. This paper proposes three solutions for the QCSP in port of Tripoli-Lebanon, two exact methods which are the mixed integer linear programming and the dynamic programming algorithm, to obtain the optimal solution and one heuristic method which is the genetic algorithm, to obtain near optimal solution within an acceptable CPU time. The main objective of these methods is to minimize the unloading or the loading time of the containers and therefore reduce the waiting time of the vessels in the terminals. We tested and validated our methods for small and large random instances. Finally, we compared the results obtained with these methods for some real instances in the port of Tripoli-Lebanon.
Therapie mit transmaskulinen Klienten
Authors: Budge Stephanie L. , Lee Joonwoo , Lindley Louis
Published: November 2020

Psychotherapie mit transmaskulinen Personen kann ein wichtiges Hilfsmittel sein, um sie bei einer Vielzahl von Anliegen zu unterstützen. Dabei liegen Themen wie Identitätsentwicklung, geschlechtsspezifische traumatisierende Erlebnisse und verinnerlichte Transnegativität (Stigma) im Fokus sowie die Bewältigung belastender Emotionen und Hilfestellungen bei einer Geschlechtsumwandlung.
Männer und psychische Gesundheit – Angebote aus dem Internet
Authors: Schultheis Daniela
Published: November 2020

Gesundheitsberichte zeigen: Männer nehmen ihre Gesundheit weniger ernst als Frauen – dies gilt insbesondere für psychische Erkrankungen. Die Hemmschwelle, sich als Mann die eigene Verletzlichkeit einzugestehen und gar professionelle Hilfe zu suchen, ist hoch. Das Internet bietet daher für Männer eine niedrigschwellige Möglichkeit, sich erste Informationen und Beratung zu beschaffen. Der Beitrag stellt einige qualifizierte Webseiten vor.
Sexuelle Gesundheit bei Männern
Authors: Ahlers Christoph Joseph
Published: November 2020

Um in der Psychotherapie Anliegen bezüglich der sexuellen Gesundheit behandeln zu können, ist es wichtig, das Zusammenspiel körperlicher, seelischer, sozialer und gesellschaftlicher Faktoren zu berücksichtigen. Mit diesem Hintergrundwissen kann ein besseres Verständnis für sexuelle Funktionsstörungen erreicht werden, aus dem sich individuelle Behandlungsansätze ableiten lassen.
Essstörungen bei Männern
Authors: Rubo Marius , Forrer Felicitas , Munsch Simone
Published: November 2020

Essstörungen treten bei Frauen häufiger auf als bei Männern. Jedoch wird der Anteil an Männern in dieser Patientengruppe vermutlich unterschätzt, da Messinstrumente oft anhand von Daten weiblicher Betroffener entwickelt werden. In Symptomatik und Ätiologie zeigen sich zwischen den Geschlechtern mehr Gemeinsamkeiten als Unterschiede. Im Gegensatz zum Streben nach schlankem Körper ist für Männer aber ein Streben nach einem muskulösem Körper typisch.
Akupunktur und Triggerpunkttherapie bei Kopfschmerzen durch Nervenengpasssyndrome
Authors: T. Peuker Elmar
Published: November 2020

Nervenengpasssyndrome sind eine häufige Ursache peripherer Neuropathien und stellen in der Praxis eine besondere diagnostische und therapeutische Herausforderung dar. Auch im Kopfbereich gibt es einige Bereiche, in denen Nerven hinsichtlich einer möglichen Einengung kritische Verläufe nehmen. Häufig finden sich frontal, temporal und okzipital Triggerareale, an denen durch Druckausübung Kopfschmerzen ausgelöst bzw. reproduziert werden können und über die eine therapeutische Beeinflussung möglich ist. Diese kann über eine Nadelung mit der ohne medikamentöse Applikation erreicht werden. Die Nervenengpässe überlappen sich im Kopfbereich mit wichtigen Akupunkturpunkten sowie Triggerpunkten der lokalen Muskeln.
Anatomische und neurophysiologische Grundlagen von Kopfschmerzen
Authors: Peuker Elmar T.
Published: November 2020

Der N. trigeminus mit seinen Anteilen ist maßgeblich an der Innervation der Gesichtsregion beteiligt. Der vordere und seitliche Halsbereich sowie die Haut im Bereich der Ohrmuschel werden größtenteils durch ventrale Äste des Plexus cervicalis versorgt, die am Erb-Punkt am Hinterrand des M. sternocleidomastoideus an die Oberfläche gelangen. Die Innervation des hinteren Hals- und Hinterkopfbereichs erfolgt überwiegend aus dorsalen Ästen der Zervikalsegmente. Die Innervation der Dura erfolgt zum größten Teil aus Trigeminusanteilen, im Bereich der hinteren Schädelgrube überwiegend aus den oberen Zervikalsegmenten. Die Schmerzwahrnehmung der Kopf- und Gesichtsregion erfolgt einerseits über Hirnnerven, andererseits aus Spinalnerven. Beteiligt ist ebenfalls das vegetative Nervensystem. Es bestehen zahlreiche interossäre nervale Verbindungen zwischen dem Schädelinneren und dem Perikranium, deren Kenntnis für das Verständnis verschiedener Kopfschmerzerkrankungen und deren Therapie wichtig ist.
Gestörtes Essverhalten und Essstörungen bei Menschen mit Diabetes mellitus
Authors: Krichbaum Michael , Priesterroth Lilli
Published: November 2020

Das Essverhalten spielt beim Diabetes mellitus eine wesentliche Rolle – sowohl für die Entstehung als auch für den Verlauf und die Prognose der Erkrankung. Das Spektrum eines gestörten Essverhaltens reicht dabei von Essproblemen über auffälliges Essverhalten (subklinische Essstörungen) bis hin zu klinischen Essstörungen. Auch wenn es keine belastbaren Hinweise darauf gibt, dass Essstörungen bei Menschen mit Diabetes im Vergleich zu stoffwechselgesunden Menschen gehäuft auftreten, stellen ein gestörtes Essverhalten und manifeste Essstörungen bei Diabetes einen Risikofaktor für eine erhöhte Morbidität und Mortalität dar. In den vergangenen Jahren lag der Fokus der Forschung auf dem Binge Eating und den sog. „nicht näher bezeichneten Essstörungen“, wie dem nächtlichen Essen (Night-Eating-Syndrom).
Indwelling double-pigtail plastic stents for treating disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome-associated peripancreatic fluid collections: long-term safety and efficacy
Authors: Gkolfakis Paraskevas , Bourguignon Arnaud , Arvanitakis Marianna , Baudewyns Arthur , Eisendrath Pierre , Blero Daniel , Lemmers Arnaud , Delhaye Myriam , Devière Jacques
Published: November 2020

Background Long-term transmural double-pigtail stent (DPS) placement is recommended for patients with disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome (DPDS) and peripancreatic fluid collections (peri-PFCs). The long-term safety and efficacy of indwelling DPSs were evaluated.

Methods Medical files of patients treated with DPS for DPDS-associated peri-PFC and with a follow-up ≥ 48 months were reviewed. Early ( < 30 days) and late complications of DPS placement were evaluated and the primary endpoint, i. e., incidence of late complications per 100 patient-years of follow-up, was calculated. Short- and long-term success rates of endoscopic treatment and rate of peri-PFC recurrence were among secondary endpoints.

Results From 2002 to 2014 we identified 116 patients, with mean (SD) follow-up of 80.6 (34.4) months. Among early complications (n = 20), 6 occurred peri-interventionally. Late complications (n = 17) were mainly pain due to DPS-induced ulcer or erosion (n = 10) and 14 of these were treated conservatively or by stent removal; 2 gastro-pancreatico-colo-cutaneous fistulas and 1 persisting bleed required surgical intervention. No DPS-related deaths were recorded. The incidence rate (95 %CI) of late complications was 2.18 (1.27–3.49) per 100 patient-years of follow-up. Short- and long-term success rates (with 95 %CI) of endoscopic treatment were 97.4 % (94.5 %–100 %) and 94 % (89.6 %–98.3 %), respectively. The peri-PFC recurrence rate was 28 % (20.1 %–35.9 %), and 92.3 % of these occurred within the first 2 years. Stent migration, chronic pancreatitis, and length of stent (> 6 cm) were independently associated with higher rates of peri-PFC recurrence.

Conclusions Long-term transmural drainage with DPS is a safe and effective treatment for DPDS-associated peri-PFCs. However, about one quarter of peri-PFCs will recur.
Aging and Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Maeso-Díaz Raquel , Gracia-Sancho Jordi
Published: November 2020

Aging increases the incidence of chronic liver disease (CLD), worsens its prognosis, and represents the predominant risk factor for its development at all different stages. The hepatic sinusoid, which is fundamental for maintaining liver homeostasis, is composed by hepatocytes, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, hepatic stellate cells, and hepatic macrophages. During CLD progression, hepatic cells suffer deregulations in their phenotype, which ultimately lead to disease development. The effects of aging on the hepatic sinusoid phenotype and function are not well understood, nevertheless, studies performed in experimental models of liver diseases and aging demonstrate alterations in all hepatic sinusoidal cells. This review provides an updated description of age-related changes in the hepatic sinusoid and discusses the implications for CLD development and treatment. Lastly, we propose aging as a novel therapeutic target to treat liver diseases and summarize the most promising therapies to prevent or improve CLD and extend healthspan.
Exercise Echocardiography following Septal Myectomy for Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Novén Johan , Stagmo Martin , Wierup Per , Nozohoor Shahab , Bjursten Henrik , Sjögren Johan , Zindovic Igor , Ragnarsson Sigurdur
Published: November 2020

Objectives To investigate outcome after septal myectomy and to evaluate long-term hemodynamics with exercise echocardiography.

Methods This study included 40 consecutive patients operated with septal myectomy for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy from January 1998 to August 2017 at Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. Perioperative clinical data and echocardiography measurements were reviewed retrospectively. Patients (n = 36) who were alive and living in Sweden were invited for exercise echocardiography to evaluate exercise capacity and hemodynamics, of whom 19 patients performed exercise echocardiography.

Results Overall survival was 100% at 1 year and 96% at 5 years following surgery. Preoperative median resting peak LVOT (left ventricular outflow tract) gradient was 80 mm Hg. Septum thickness was reduced from 22 ± 4 mm preoperatively to 16 ± 3 mm postoperatively (p < 0.001). During exercise echocardiography, the peak LVOT gradient was 8 mm Hg at rest, and increased to 13 mm Hg during exercise echocardiography (p = 0.002). None of the patients had dynamic LVOT obstruction during exercise echocardiography, and there was no clinically significant systolic anterior motion or severe mitral insufficiency during exercise.

Conclusions Long-term survival following septal myectomy is very good. At long-term follow-up, LVOT gradients were low and exercise echocardiography demonstrated good hemodynamics.
A Theoretical Study on the Macrocyclic Strain of Zigzag Molecular Belts
Authors: Shi Tan-Hao , Tong Shuo , Jiao Lei , Wang Mei-Xiang
Published: November 2020

Zigzag molecular belts have captured the imagination of scientists for over a half century because of their aesthetically appealing structures and tantalizing properties. One of the formidable challenges in synthesis is to circumvent the energy accumulated in the construction of strained structures. Reported herein is our theoretical study to quantify the molecular strain energies. A general exponential function equation E
strain = a·n·e
−n/b
was obtained to estimate strain energies of both conjugated and partially hydrogenated hydrocarbon belts and their heteroatom-embedded analogs. The deformation of aromatic rings from planarity was revealed to contribute dominantly to the high strain energies. The method enabled the convenient quantification of the energetics of aromatization processes from partially hydrogenated double-stranded macrocycles, and facilitated the design and optimization of practical routes to synthesize the long-awaited zigzag molecular belts.
Employment Responses to EU Food Safety Regulations: A Gendered Perspective
Authors: Kareem Fatima Olanike , Kareem Olayinka Idowu
Published: November 2020

In many developing countries, women constitute the bulk of agricultural sector’s workers and might be susceptible to job loss or gain in the presence of regulations among which are food safety regulations. Thus, this study investigates the gender implications of EU food safety regulations on agricultural labour market between 1995 and 2012 using a panel data of 90 developing countries. In addition, it also investigates how the existing gender-specific obstacles and opportunities affect women’s ability to engage effectively in the agricultural sector and benefit from such regulations. Our results show that in many of the countries considered, women are disproportionately disadvantaged in the agricultural sector not only because of the effect of the food regulations but also because of their unequal access to opportunities such as gender inequality in both secondary and tertiary schooling as well as low quality of time-saving infrastructure which make them less available for gainful employment. However, the near gender parity achieved in primary education increases their agricultural employment share. Thus, investment in infrastructure that reduces women care burden, and building the educational capacity of women could work to remove these gender-specific obstacles and enable women to respond to employment opportunities.
Single-photon quantum imaging via single-photon illumination
Authors: Yang Jia-Zhi , Li Ming-Fei , Chen Xiao-Xiao , Yu Wen-Kai , Zhang An-Ning
Published: November 2020

Quantum imaging based on entangled light, laser light, and thermal light has been extensively studied. However, single-photon quantum imaging is still in its infancy. In this paper, we perform quantum imaging using heralded single-photon sources and achieve single-photon illumination computational ghost imaging and single-photon illumination single-pixel camera imaging.
Comparison of different multi-parameters probability density models for wind resources assessment
Authors: Gugliani Gaurav Kumar
Published: November 2020

Accurate wind resource assessment lies on the precise information provided by a probability distribution function (PDF). Therefore, it is an essential prerequisite to find the most appropriate PDF to model the wind speed data at the planning stage. Earlier, researchers have compared several distributions of 1, 2-parameters such as Rayleigh, Gamma, Exponential, Normal family, Weibull distributions, etc. Among these, 2-paramters Weibull distribution was a widely acceptable distribution for wind speed data modeling. However, its comparison with a multi-parameter (3 and 4 parameters) distribution has rarely been studied. In this paper, the Weibull distribution has been compared with four new distributions, which have rarely been studied for wind speed data modeling previously. They are 2-parameter Nakagami and Rician distribution, 4-parameter Johnson SB distribution, and 5-parameter Generalized Hyperbolic distribution. The sites selected for the case study are Trivandrum, Ahmedabad, Calcutta, Jaipur, New Delhi, and Port Blair of India. The result indicates that the Generalized Hyperbolic and Johnson distributions are ranked 1st and 2nd; Weibull and Nakagami distributions perform equally well and are ranked 3rd and 4th among the five compared distributions for five Indian stations. However, for one station (Ahmedabad), which is less skewed and has low kurtosis, the performance of Weibull distribution is better than those of the other distributions. The achieved results reveal that the skewness and kurtosis are equally important as the mean and standard deviation of wind speed data, which may influence the accuracy of the distribution. Wind behavior is stochastic, and a single distribution cannot be accepted as a universally accepted distribution for all locations of India.
Thermodynamic study on the magnetic transition and structural phase transition in [(CH3)2NH2][Na0.5Fe0.5(HCOO)3] by using the Landau phenomenological model
Authors: Yurtseven H. , Tari O.
Published: November 2020

In this study, we apply the Landau phenomenological model to describe magnetic transition and structural phase transition in a metal formate framework (MOF) of the ferromagnetic [(CH3)2NH2][Na0.5Fe0.5(HCOO)3], namely, DMNaFe. By using the observed data from the literature for the magnetization, the excess heat capacity (ΔCP), and the dielectric constant (ε), we predict some thermodynamic quantities as a function of temperature close to the magnetic transition (TM=8.5K) and structural (Tc=170.8K) phase transition in [(CH3)2NH2][Na0.5Fe0.5(HCOO)3]. The thermodynamic quantities predicted from the Landau mean field model indicate that the multiferroics and ferromagnetic [(CH3)2NH2][Na0.5Fe0.5(HCOO)3]) undergo a weakly first order (or nearly second order) magnetic transition. Structural phase transition in [(CH3)2NH2][Na0.5Fe0.5(HCOO)3] is of a first order, as observed experimentally. The thermodynamic model studied here describes the observed behavior in most cases of [(CH3)2NH2][Na0.5Fe0.5(HCOO)3], and it can be applied to some other MOFs.