bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compression therapy in an obese patient
Authors: Thomas S. , Fear M. , Logan R.
Published: December 2016

The use of compression bandages for treating venous leg ulcers in an obese man
From the Journals
Authors: Roberts G. , Jones V. , Banks V.
Published: December 2016

Using growth factor PDGF-BB to treat chronic pressure sores

Controlling scarring in adult wounds

Paget's legacy to pressure area care

Surveying the Pegasus Airwave System
Treating a pressure sore with PEME
Authors: Buswell W.
Published: December 2016

An explanation of pulsed electromagnetic energy therapy and a description of its use in the treatment of an 85-year-old woman's sacral pressure sore
Hydrocolloids
Authors: Thomas S.
Published: December 2016

A guide to the composition, properties and uses of hydrocolloid dressings and the commercial presentations available
Team effort
Authors: Harding K.G.
Published: December 2016

The recognition of wound care as an interesting and important aspect of clinical medicine is still in its infancy. For many years, physicians and surgeons have adopted the attitude that a wound will heal whatever treatment is offered, but that when no progress is achieved someone else is at fault — usually the nurse. Times are changing, albeit slowly, and we have recently seen articles on pressure sores and growth factors appearing in the Lancet1 and editorials on Eusol in the British Medical Journal2. The medical establishment is not known for moving rapidly in response to demands for change and we must not delude ourselves that the battle has been won, but the first steps have been taken and are welcomed.
A trial of a hydrocolloid dressing in the management of indolent ulceration
Authors: Moffett C.J. , Oldroyd M. I. , Dickson D.
Published: December 2016

A report of a randomised, controlled trial of a hydrocolloid dressing used in the treatment of leg ulcers that were failing to heal
The wound-healing matrix
Authors: Harding K.
Published: December 2016

A proposal for an assessment tool to ensure that relevant information is gathered before a decision on treatment is made
Managing a patient's infected wound site after a radical vulvectomy
Authors: Roberts K. J. , Rowland C. M. , Benbow M. E.
Published: December 2016

A study of the treatment of a patient who had undergone extensive surgery for carcinoma of the vulva
Care of a patient's foot after amputation of toes
Authors: Platt L. , Benbow M.
Published: December 2016

A study of the treatment of a patient's foot that had sustained a severe crushing injury
Sutures and staples
Authors: Leaper D.J. , Lucanotti M.E.
Published: December 2016

A guide to the history, properties and uses of sutures and staples
Letters
Authors: Willimott V. , Malloy Evelyn , Pope S. A. , Curry F. , Small J.F. , Morris A.M. , Urquhart C.L. , Hutchinson J.
Published: December 2016

TOPICAL PREPARATIONS

WOUND CARE SOCIETY

PREVENTING PRESSURE SORES AFTER HIP FRACTURES

LEG ULCER CLINIC

DRESSING METHODS AFTER TOENAIL REMOVAL

WOUND CARE IS NOT A GAME

POINT OF STYLE

JOURNAL BINDERS
Palliative care of a patient with terminal nasal carcinoma
Authors: Banks V. , Jones V.
Published: December 2016

The management of a complex nasal wound in a patient with terminal cancer is described
Surgical management of a patient with axillary hidradenitis
Authors: Miller L. , Bale S.
Published: December 2016

A study of the treatment of axillary hidradenitis suppurativa by surgical excision
Reviews
Authors: Benbow M. , Cochran C. L. , Collier M. , Pope S. A.
Published: December 2016

THE ADVANCED WOUND HEALING RESOURCE

A COLOUR ATLAS OF BURN INJURIES
Examining first aid received by burn and scald patients
Authors: Petch N. , Cason C.G.
Published: December 2016

A study of burn injuries in one burns unit showed that many of the patients did not receive effective first aid. Seventy-one patients were asked about the first aid they had received at the time of injury. The results were disappointing: fewer than half the patients had had cold water applied to the injured area at the time of the accident. Cold water is usually available; it is a simple and effective measure and has the twofold effect of lessening both pain and the depth of tissue injury. Children injured at home received better first aid than adults injured either at home or in the workplace. This study indicated that better education and more precise information is required if burn-injured patients are to receive appropriate care at the time of injury
The specialist nurse in wound management
Authors: Hollinworth H.
Published: December 2016

An examination of the arguments for and against the employment of specialist wound care nurses
Letters
Authors: Westwood B.
Published: December 2016

HYPOCHLORITE SOLUTIONS

SKIN CARE IN ELDERLY PEOPLE

CONDUCTING RANDOMISED CLINICAL TRIALS
Dressings for donor sites
Authors: Brotherston T.M. , Lawrence J.C.
Published: December 2016

A comparison of a hydrocolloid dressing and non-medicated tulle gras in the treatment of split-thickness skin graft donor sites
The Charing Cross high compression four-layer bandage system
Authors: Moffatt C.J. , Dickson D.
Published: December 2016

A guide to the uses and contraindications of compression bandaging and an explanation of the Charing Cross System
Assessing nurses' knowledge of bandages and bandaging
Authors: Magazinovic N. , Phillips-Tumer J. , Wilson G.V.
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this research was to assess registered nurse understanding of bandaging principles and the extent of crèpe bandage use. Measurements were made by the use of a self-administered questionnaire designed for the purpose. Results indicated that the principles of bandaging are not well understood and that there is a high reliance placed on the use of crepe bandages. This suggests that the appropriate use of bandages, particularly for compression purposes, is below an acceptable level, which has implications both for nurse education and the availability of products
From the Journals
Authors: Chant D. , Berry D.P. , Evans W. , Banks V. , Bale S.
Published: December 2016

Enhancing wound healing in animals with interferon

Kératinocyte allografts for chronic venous leg ulcers

Integrin receptors and RGD sequences in healing

Nutrition in patients with spinal cord injuries

Vitamin C deficiency and pressure sores
Wound contraction: a review
Authors: Butterworth R J.
Published: December 2016

A review of research into the role played by contraction in wound healing
Treating a cavity wound in the community
Authors: Todd M.
Published: December 2016

The choice of dressings and treatment regime for the pressure sore of an elderly woman with multiple sclerosis is discussed
The psychological effects of head and neck surgery
Authors: McEleney M.
Published: December 2016

Changed body image after head and neck cancer surgery can cause severe depression. One patient's experience of wound breakdown is discussed
Nutritional intake and wound healing in elderly people
Authors: Lewis B.K. , Harding K.G.
Published: December 2016

A review of the role of nutrients in wound healihg and of the methods used to estimate nutritional intake in elderly people
From the Editor in Chief
Authors: Doğanay Ahmet
Published: December 2016

Dear producers and consumers of knowledge,

 

I would like to share the happiness of being with you again with 6th Volume 4th Issue of Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction (PEGEGOG). I hope you could find time to have a rest after your busy schedule. Initially, I want to thank you for the increasing interest for our journal.

 

As mentioned before, we had applied to many indexes. Our belief in being accepted to these indexes that we are through evaluation process is increasing day by day. I would like to remind that our journal will have English and Turkish full papers from now on to fulfill the conditions of these indexes.

 

We shared with you in previous issues and announcements that our journal got high scores by many indexes. I'm pleased to inform you in this issue that the journal's h-index rose to 9. However, our aim is always to have much higher scores. Therefore, we invite you to share studies comprehensive, built on strong theoretical basis, innovative and bringing a vision on various fields of educational sciences increasing the number of readers.

 

There has been 13 articles sent for publication to our journal. This is good news for our journal and country. On the other hand, I have to indicate that there were critical problems in terms of format within these articles as stated in the previous issue. First of all, unfortunately we had to reject some articles as in many of them there were texts very similar to ones in different articles. At first step, we scan all articles in i-Thenticate program to determine the exact quotations from other resources. After this scan, we reject the articles detected to have exact quotations at a high rate without initiating peer-review process. Apart from that, we also send back the articles not written in an academic format not to disturb our reviewers unnecessarily.

 

One of the problems with the articles submitted to our journal and we had to reject was about data analysis. The data is the raw information collected from related resources through research aims. These should be analyzed in parallel with these aims. It is necessary to analyze them using statistics for quantitative data and methods such as content analysis or descriptive analysis for qualitative data. Analysis provides the data being transformed into findings and make sense. Especially, in some of document analysis and some qualitative studies, it is seen that data are presented as findings. In some others, data are presented being only described. It is essential that the studies are formed in an article format obeying the rules by the journal and presented for publication afterwards.

 

As always, we present the six articles got through peer-review process and given DOI number to you dear producers and consumers of knowledge. I wish these studies conducted in various fields of educational sciences will be useful and contribute to theoretical knowledge within the field. Hope to meet within the next issue.

 

Sincerely yours,
An evaluation on functionality of the workbook for social studies for the 7th graders
Authors: Erol Hüseyin
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study is to examine the 7th graders' perceptions over the workbook for social studies course. Of the qualitative research designs, the phenomenology design was used in the research. The data was collected through the semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher. Within the scope of the research, 93 7th graders from 3 different schools in Adıyaman were interviewed. The working group of the research was determined through the easy accessible case sampling method. The collected data was analyzed through the descriptive analysis technique. In the research most of the students (75.24%) were found out to have negative perspective on the workbook for social studies course for the 7th grade. It was revealed that the students find activities in the workbook boring and do not want to do the activities. It was concluded that activities in the workbook were mostly assigned as homework for the students by their teachers. It can be said that teachers' negative attitudes and statements about workbooks contribute to students' not taking this important course material seriously. It was discovered that the workbooks which should be used with course subjects together in the classroom are used to give performance grades. It can be said that combination of course books and workbooks can increase effectiveness of these books.
RECONSIDERING HOPE
Authors: Blanchet Clément
Published: December 2016

Architektur und Urbanismus können wir als zwei Bereiche beschreiben, die versuchen durch einige ziemlich ernstzunehmende und gefährliche Phänomene immun zu werden, wie sie im folgenden Beitrag beschrieben werden. Die Widerständigkeit, die Nostalgie, der Zufall, das Bild, die Verführung, die Fragmentierung, die Verpflichtung zu Komplexität, das Unbekannte, die Überdosis sind einige der Beispiele, die ich ausführen werde, als mögliche Miszellaneen giftiger Substanzen heutiger Architektur. Einige Projekte versuchen, diese Themen aufzugreifen.

Die Zukunft der Architektur mag darin liegen, sich gegen ein Gift zu wehren, indem man sich verschiedene toxische Produkte zuführt. Immunität wird durch das wiederholte Einnehmen dieser schädlichen Substanzen und eine ständige Dosissteigerung erlangt.
On Dirichlet problem for fractionalp-Laplacian with singular non-linearity
Authors: Mukherjee Tuhina , Sreenadh Konijeti
Published: December 2016

In this article, we study the following fractionalp-Laplacian equation with critical growth and singular non-linearity:

(-Δp)s⁢u=λ⁢u-q+uα,u>0 in ⁢Ω,u=0 in ⁢ℝn∖Ω,(-\Delta_{p})^{s}u=\lambda u^{-q}+u^{\alpha},\quad u>0\quad\text{in }\Omega,% \qquad u=0\quad\text{in }\mathbb{R}^{n}\setminus\Omega,

where Ω is a bounded domain inℝn{\mathbb{R}^{n}}with smooth boundary∂⁡Ω{\partial\Omega},n>s⁢p{n>sp},s∈(0,1){s\in(0,1)},λ>0{\lambda>0},0<q≤1{0<q\leq 1}and1<p<α+1≤ps*{1<p<\alpha+1\leq p^{*}_{s}}. We use variational methods to show the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions of the above problem with respect to the parameter λ.
Existence via regularity of solutions for elliptic systems and saddle points of functionals of the calculus of variations
Authors: Boccardo Lucio , Orsina Luigi
Published: December 2016

The core of this paper concerns the existence (via regularity) of weak solutions in

W
0

1
,
2

${W_{0}^{1,2}}$

of a class of elliptic systems such as

{

-

div
⁡

(

(

A
+
φ

)

⁢

∇
⁡
u

)

=
f

,

-

div
⁡

(

M
⁢

(
x
)

⁢

∇
⁡
φ

)

=

1
2

⁢

|

∇
⁡
u

|

2

,

$\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle-\operatorname{div}((A+\varphi)\nabla u)&%
\displaystyle=f,\\
\displaystyle-\operatorname{div}(M(x)\nabla\varphi)&\displaystyle=\frac{1}{2}%
\lvert\nabla u\rvert^{2},\end{aligned}\right.$

deriving from saddle points of integral functionals of the type

J
⁢

(
v
,
ψ
)

=

1
2

⁢

∫
Ω

(

A
+

ψ
+

)

⁢

|

∇
⁡
v

|

2

-

1
2

⁢

∫
Ω

M
⁢

(
x
)

⁢

∇
⁡
ψ

⁢

∇
⁡
ψ

-

∫
Ω

f
⁢
v

.

$J(v,\psi)=\frac{1}{2}\int_{\Omega}(A+\psi_{+})\lvert\nabla v\rvert^{2}-\frac{1%
}{2}\int_{\Omega}M(x)\nabla\psi\nabla\psi-\int_{\Omega}fv.$
Was fördert die nachhaltige Integration von Hauptschüler/innen in den Ausbildungsmarkt?
Authors: Kohlrausch Bettina , Richter Maria
Published: December 2016

Hauptschüler/innen haben besonders häufig Probleme damit, den Übergang in eine vollqualifizierende Ausbildung zu meistern. Um den Schüler/innen diesen Übergang zu erleichtern und Kontakte zu den Betrieben herzustellen, wurden in den letzten Jahren vermehrt Maßnahmen durchgeführt, die stärker auf betriebliche Praxiserfahrungen setzen. Im Beitrag wird am Beispiel eines Interventionsprojekts untersucht, wie nachhaltig solche Maßnahmen bezogen auf den Ausbildungsverlauf sind. Die Befunde zeigen, dass Maßnahmen, die darauf zielen, Diskreditierungsprozesse durch direkten und dauerhaften Kontakt zu den Betrieben abzubauen, für Jugendliche mit einem einfachen Hauptschulabschluss ein vielversprechender Weg sind.
From wood to food: Approaching stakeholder integration in forest-based biorefinery development / Vom Holz zum Lebensmittel: Ein Beitrag zur Integration von Stakeholdern bei der Entwicklung von Holz-Bioraffinerien
Authors: Höher Martin , Schwarzbauer Peter , Menrad Klaus , Hedeler Barbara , Peer Michael , Stern Tobias
Published: December 2016

The expansion of existing pulp mills with additional technology processing concepts to forest-based biorefineries implies high risks. A stakeholder-integrated strategy development is therefore more likely to open up such new business opportunities. Therefore, this paper aims to develop and verify a feasible approach. For this purpose, Porter’s deliberate strategy was extended in context of a case study on the production of hemicelluloses for value-added food markets. Considering two different strategies based on technological approaches, the case of pre-extraction can be given preference considering the interests of involved stakeholders regarding food additive marketing. The implementation process of a forest biorefinery remains widely case dependent, but nonetheless this paper provides some guidance concerning realization steps. The study proved that vast concordance between three different stakeholder groups can be achieved in case of two complex options. Hence, coordination of stakeholder interests is feasible in context of technology implementation strategy development.
A Microwave Tunable Bandpass Filter for Liquid Crystal Applications
Authors: Cao Weiping , Jiang Di , Liu Yupeng , Yang Yuanwang , Gan Baichuan
Published: December 2016

In this paper, a novel microwave continuously tunable band-pass filter, based on nematic liquid crystals (LCs), is proposed. It uses liquid crystal (LC) as the electro-optic material to mainly realize frequency shift at microwave band by changing the dielectric anisotropy, when applying the bias voltage. According to simulation results, it achieves 840 MHz offset. Comparing to the existing tunable filter, it has many advantages, such as continuously tunable, miniaturization, low processing costs, low tuning voltage, etc. Thus, it has shown great potentials in frequency domain and practical applications in modern communication.
Body Culture, Play and Identity
Authors: Eichberg Henning , Kosiewicz Jerzy
Published: December 2016

This is the second article of the cycle of portraits of the members of the Editorial Board and Editorial Advisory Board of the journal Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research, who are eminent social scientists researching the issue of sport. Among them, there are many world-class professors, rectors and deans of excellent universities, founders, presidents and secretaries-general of continental and international scientific societies and editors of high-scoring journals related to social sciences focusing on sport. The journal Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research started its activities in 2008 and gathered many readers, distinguished authors and outstanding reviewers. It is worth taking a moment to present the profiles of the individual editors, thanks to whom the journal keeps getting better and better. The journal is increasingly appreciated internationally particular among the scientists from the humanist and social areas of investigations. The rapidly increasing number of its readers and its surprisingly wide reception, indicated by the number of visits and downloads in English-speaking countries, including hundreds of universities (up to 791 were interested in the content of issue 62 of our magazine), research institutes and related libraries, as well as academics, researchers and students, should be celebrated. These data are derived only from one bibliographic data base (EBSCO). It must be noted that the journal is indexed in 43 bases.
HEPA Promotion in the Environment of Academic Scientists - Preliminary Research
Authors: Cynarski Wojciech J. , Grzywacz Renata , Kubala Krzysztof , Kunysz-Rozborska Magdalena , Podolski Adam , Pawelec Przemysław
Published: December 2016

The theoretical framework for this research is the sociology of leisure and the sociology of health. Because sedentary behaviour (of employees) is a relevant new research area with important health risks, we decided to focus our attention on this subject. Moreover, sedentary behaviour in the workplace seems to be an important topic for the future.

The general aim of the research is to provide a platform for exchange on effective approaches for promoting health-enhancing physical activity among workers, to learn from experiences in different European countries and to promote the most effective approaches across Europe.

Two methods of qualitative research were used. The first was the method of expert judges. By way of direct interview, the statements of nine persons were collected, all of whom were recognised as competent judges. The second method was the analysis of the content of the literature (quality method). Using the computer program Atlas.ti, the respondents and their answers were examined.

Most of the indications (89%) concerned responses indicating physical activity. In general, the experts are quite physically active and keep a healthy (in their opinion) diet. They have both knowledge and appropriate skills in physical education. They point to the growing interest of younger academics in health and fitness, which may be associated with trends in popular culture, such as a sporty lifestyle, the cult of the body, various healthy diets and supplements, etc., that are becoming the universal fashion.

The aim of this work was to provide a platform for exchange on effective approaches to the promotion of health-enhancing physical activity among workers, to learn from experience in different European countries and to promote the most effective approaches across the region. Because the sedentary behaviour of employees is a relevant new research area with important health risks, we decided to focus our attention on this subject.
From Forever Foreigners to Model Minority: Asian American Men in Sports
Authors: Lee Yomee
Published: December 2016

Despite their long history in the United States, relatively little scholarly attention has been paid to Asian Americans and their lived experience in sports. The purpose of this study was to give voices to Asian American men by focusing on their experiences in sports. In particular, this study examined the experiences of East Asian and Southeast Asian American male college students who were often perceived as “foreign” and “pejoratively feminine” racialized minority yet participated in sports that were associated with dominant masculinity in the U.S. The setting of the study was as a predominately White institution located in Upstate New York where Asian Americans make up about one percent of the total student population. Qualitative research method was employed for the study. Six Asian American male students were recruited through snowball and purposeful sampling methods. In-depth interviews were conducted to reveal the rich stories of these Asian American men. The research showed that the stories of Asian American male college students were much nuanced and complicated. Specifically, this study revealed that Asian American men were constantly otherized as “forever foreigners” who did not have a legitimate citizenship in the United States. Also, Asian Americans faced unique ideas about their manhood that either highlighted emasculated and feminized masculinity or hyper-masculinity. In dealing with these situations, Asian American men employed unique cultural strategies to challenge and resist racial stereotypes through sports.
Composite Compost Produced from Organic Waste
Authors: Lăcătuşu Radu , Căpăţână Romeo , Lăcătuşu Anca-Rovena
Published: December 2016

The soil fertilization in ecological agriculture is done mostly using organic fertilizers. Some of them are prepared as compost from waste, but other haven’t, until now, any recycling possibility. In this context, for the preparation of new types of compost, we used three type of waste: sewage sludge from waste water treatment, marine algae and farmyard manure. We have made four different composting variants, each consisting of different proportions of the three waste: equal parts (33.33%) of each waste, 50% of each of the three wastes separately, the difference being made up in equal amounts (25%) of the other two wastes. Composting process was performed in Könemann silos (cubs with side by 1.20m) and lasted 60 days, from July 19 until September 16, when the composted material has passed the stages of reduction and oxidation. During composting process, in the reductive stage the material has reached a temperature up to 63°C Celsius, enough heat for its sterilization. Initial material, semi composted and final composted material were been chemical analyzed, especially in terms of macro- and microelements, analytical results revealing high and normal content of such chemicals. Therefore the achieved compost could be used in organic farming systems.
Recent Mutations in the Spatial Distribution of Forests with the Main Function of Protection in the County of Iasi
Authors: Brodner (Cojinovschi) Alina Daniela , Rusu Eugen
Published: December 2016

In the last few years, Romania’s forests have become one of the most interesting and most talked about topics for an increasing number of researchers from the most varied fields, both nationally and internationally. The present study aims at analyzing as accurately as possible the forests of Iasi County, especially forests with primary functions of protection, following the changes occurred after 1990 and the way these affected the functional framing of the forests and their state. This research has been accomplished based on precise statistical data collected from every region (or forestry district), these in turn being matched with maps, satellite images and aerial imagery.
Central European Blocking Anticyclones and the Influences Imprint over the Romania’s Climate
Authors: Andrei Niţă , Liviu Apostol
Published: December 2016

Blocking anticyclonic circulations from Europe are provoking climatic episodes responsible for discomfort, human and financial loses. During the summer, these episodes are known for prolonged droughts and maximum temperatures often exceeding 35 °C to 40 °C. In the cold season, the rainfalls are close to 0 while the daily minimum temperatures are low under the average period. For this study, we used a synoptic classification which is available especially for Central Europe but works similarly for Romanian territory too. We aim to follow what kind of climatic conditions these circulations are producing in Romania during their presence in Europe. ECA&D daily gridded climatic dataset was used in this study. The study period lasts from 1961 to 2012. We used the minimum and maximum daily temperatures as well the rainfall quantities recorded. Since the output volume of data was too high, we aggregated the results into yearly multiseasonal average. In order to classify the synoptic patterns as blocking anticyclones, we used two synoptic situations from Hess-Brezowsky defined as Anticyclone High Central (HM) and High British Isles (HB). We calculated the thermic anomalies as well the rainfall quantities recorded in Romania during the presence of these circulations in central Europe. The results shows a perspective over the synoptic conditions in Romania during the presence of the above mentioned synoptic types in Central Europe.
Wie politische Arbeit Evidenz erzeugt
Authors: Brichzin Jenni
Published: December 2016

Welcher Logik folgt politische Praxis in Parlamenten? Diese Studie setzt an einer Forschungslücke an, die sich an der Schnittstelle zwischen Soziologie und Politikwissenschaft eröffnet und politische Praxis in politischen Institutionen immer noch in großen Teilen als „black box“ erscheinen lässt. Die praxistheoretische Konzeption Pierre Bourdieus hilft, diese black box weiter aufzubrechen: Das politische Feld erscheint als Feld der kulturellen Produktion, die zugehörige Praxis als Form der Aussagearbeit, die gewöhnliche Ideen zu Ideen mit gesellschaftlicher Mobilisierungskraft transformiert. Wie diese Transformation empirisch vonstattengeht, wird anhand einer ethnografischen Studie auf vier parlamentarischen Ebenen herausgearbeitet. Das resultierende Modell politischer Arbeit macht mit den drei zentralen parlamentarischen Arbeitsmodi – politisches Spiel, Themenabfertigung, politische Gestaltung – die produktive Dimension des politischen Umgangs mit Ideen bei der Erzeugung von Evidenz sichtbar.
Wie konzipieren wir Kinderkriegen?
Authors: Heimerl Birgit , Hofmann Peter
Published: December 2016

Wie geht Kinderkriegen? Im Alltag lautet die Antwort Sex – Schwangerschaften resultieren aus Geschlechtsverkehr und Befruchtung. Sozialwissenschaftliche Studien führen sie dagegen auf ein (rationales) Entscheidungshandeln von Paaren zurück. Diesem unterliegen ‚Fertilitätsintentionen‘, denen ein entsprechendes ‚Fertilitätsverhalten‘ korrespondiert. Theoriegrundlage bilden Rational-Choice- und kognitionspsychologische Ansätze. Der Aufsatz wird diese Modellbildung hinterfragen, da sie das Kinderkriegen in seiner lebensweltlichen Komplexität nicht nur empirisch ausklammert, sondern auch normativ idealisiert und dabei dessen sozialen Eigensinn verfehlt. Anhand narrativer Interviews eines ausgewählten Falles stellen wir eine an praxeologischen Prämissen orientierte Analyse vor, die neben Akteuren auch deren Körper und am Geschehen involvierte Artefakte einbezieht. So lässt sich zeigen, wie sich der intime Paardiskurs mit der körperlich-sexuellen Ebene der Paarbeziehung verschränkt, während ihre Teilnehmer sich zunehmend als Eltern antizipieren.
Habenula-Induced Inhibition of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons Is Diminished by Lesions of the Rostromedial Tegmental Nucleus
Authors: Brown P. Leon , Palacorolla Heather , Brady Dana , Riegger Katelyn , Elmer Greg I. , Shepard Paul D.
Published: December 2016

Neurons in the lateral habenula (LHb) are transiently activated by aversive events and have been implicated in associative learning. Functional changes associated with tonic and phasic activation of the LHb are often attributed to a corresponding inhibition of midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons. Activation of GABAergic neurons in the rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg), a region that receives dense projections from the LHb and projects strongly to midbrain monoaminergic nuclei, is believed to underlie the transient inhibition of DA neurons attributed to activation of the LHb. To test this premise, the effects of axon-sparing lesions of the RMTg were assessed on LHb-induced inhibition of midbrain DA cell firing in anesthetized rats. Quinolinic acid lesions decreased the number of NeuN-positive neurons in the RMTg significantly while largely sparing cells in neighboring regions. Lesions of the RMTg reduced both the number of DA neurons inhibited by, and the duration of inhibition resulting from, LHb stimulation. Although the firing rate was not altered, the regularity of DA cell firing was increased in RMTg-lesioned rats. Locomotor activity in an open field was also elevated. These results are the first to show that RMTg neurons contribute directly to LHb-induced inhibition of DA cell activity and support the widely held proposition that GABAergic neurons in the mesopontine tegmentum are an important component of a pathway that enables midbrain DA neurons to encode the negative valence associated with failed expectations and aversive stimuli.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPhasic changes in the activity of midbrain dopamine cells motivate and guide future behavior. Activation of the lateral habenula by aversive events inhibits dopamine neurons transiently, providing a neurobiological representation of learning models that incorporate negative reward prediction errors. Anatomical evidence suggests that this inhibition occurs via the rostromedial tegmental nucleus, but this hypothesis has yet to be tested directly. Here, we show that axon-sparing lesions of the rostromedial tegmentum attenuate habenula-induced inhibition of dopamine neurons significantly. These data support a substantial role for the rostromedial tegmentum in habenula-induced feedforward inhibition of dopamine neurons.
Reversible Disruption of Neuronal Mitochondria by Ischemic and Traumatic Injury Revealed by Quantitative Two-Photon Imaging in the Neocortex of Anesthetized Mice
Authors: Kislin Mikhail , Sword Jeremy , Fomitcheva Ioulia V. , Croom Deborah , Pryazhnikov Evgeny , Lihavainen Eero , Toptunov Dmytro , Rauvala Heikki , Ribeiro Andre S. , Khiroug Leonard , Kirov Sergei A.
Published: December 2016

Mitochondria play a variety of functional roles in cortical neurons, from metabolic support and neuroprotection to the release of cytokines that trigger apoptosis. In dendrites, mitochondrial structure is closely linked to their function, and fragmentation (fission) of the normally elongated mitochondria indicates loss of their function under pathological conditions, such as stroke and brain trauma. Usingin vivotwo-photon microscopy in mouse brain, we quantified mitochondrial fragmentation in a full spectrum of cortical injuries, ranging from severe to mild. Severe global ischemic injury was induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion, whereas severe focal stroke injury was induced by Rose Bengal photosensitization. The moderate and mild traumatic injury was inflicted by focal laser lesion and by mild photo-damage, respectively. Dendritic and mitochondrial structural changes were tracked longitudinally using transgenic mice expressing fluorescent proteins localized either in cytosol or in mitochondrial matrix. In response to severe injury, mitochondrial fragmentation developed in parallel with dendritic damage signified by dendritic beading. Reconstruction from serial section electron microscopy confirmed mitochondrial fragmentation. Unlike dendritic beading, fragmentation spread beyond the injury core in focal stroke and focal laser lesion models. In moderate and mild injury, mitochondrial fragmentation was reversible with full recovery of structural integrity after 1–2 weeks. The transient fragmentation observed in the mild photo-damage model was associated with changes in dendritic spine density without any signs of dendritic damage. Our findings indicate that alterations in neuronal mitochondria structure are very sensitive to the tissue damage and can be reversible in ischemic and traumatic injuries.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDuring ischemic stroke or brain trauma, mitochondria can either protect neurons by supplying ATP and adsorbing excessive Ca2+, or kill neurons by releasing proapoptotic factors. Mitochondrial function is tightly linked to their morphology: healthy mitochondria are thin and long; dysfunctional mitochondria are thick (swollen) and short (fragmented). To date, fragmentation of mitochondria was studied either in dissociated cultured neurons or in brain slices, but not in the intact living brain. Using real-timein vivotwo-photon microscopy, we quantified mitochondrial fragmentation during acute pathological conditions that mimic severe, moderate, and mild brain injury. We demonstrated that alterations in neuronal mitochondria structural integrity can be reversible in traumatic and ischemic injuries, highlighting mitochondria as a potential target for therapeutic interventions.
Dynamic Shifts in Large-Scale Brain Network Balance As a Function of Arousal
Authors: Young Christina B. , Raz Gal , Everaerd Daphne , Beckmann Christian F. , Tendolkar Indira , Hendler Talma , Fernández Guillén , Hermans Erno J.
Published: December 2016

The ability to temporarily prioritize rapid and vigilant reactions over slower higher-order cognitive functions is essential for adaptive responding to threat. This reprioritization is believed to reflect shifts in resource allocation between large-scale brain networks that support these cognitive functions, including the salience and executive control networks. However, how changes in communication within and between such networks dynamically unfold as a function of threat-related arousal remains unknown. To address this issue, we collected functional MRI data and continuously assessed the heart rate from 120 healthy human adults as they viewed emotionally arousing and ecologically valid cinematographic material. We then developed an analysis method that tracks dynamic changes in large-scale network cohesion by quantifying the level of within-network and between-network interaction. We found a monotonically increasing relationship between heart rate, a physiological index of arousal, and within-network cohesion in the salience network, indicating that coordination of activity within the salience network dynamically tracks arousal. Strikingly, salience–executive control between-network cohesion peaked at moderate arousal. These findings indicate that at moderate arousal, which has been associated with optimal noradrenergic signaling, the salience network is optimally able to engage the executive control network to coordinate cognitive activity, but is unable to do so at tonically elevated noradrenergic levels associated with acute stress. Our findings extend neurophysiological models of the effects of stress-related neuromodulatory signaling at the cellular level to large-scale neural systems, and thereby explain shifts in cognitive functioning during acute stress, which may play an important role in the development and maintenance of stress-related mental disorders.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHow does brain functioning change in arousing or stressful situations? Extant literature suggests that through global projections, arousal-related neuromodulatory changes can rapidly alter coordination of neural activity across brain-wide neural systems or large-scale networks. Since it is unknown how such processes unfold, we developed a method to dynamically track levels of within-network and between-network interaction. We applied this technique to human neuroimaging data acquired while participants watched realistic and emotionally arousing cinematographic material. Results demonstrate that cohesion within the salience network monotonically increases with arousal, while cohesion of this network with the executive control network peaks at moderate arousal. Our findings explain how cognitive performance shifts as a function of arousal, and provide new insights into vulnerability for stress-related psychopathology.
Loss of Plasticity in the D2-Accumbens Pallidal Pathway Promotes Cocaine Seeking
Authors: Heinsbroek Jasper A. , Neuhofer Daniela N. , Griffin William C. , Siegel Griffin S. , Bobadilla Ana-Clara , Kupchik Yonatan M. , Kalivas Peter W.
Published: December 2016

Distinct populations of D1- and D2-dopamine receptor-expressing medium spiny neurons (D1-/D2-MSNs) comprise the nucleus accumbens, and activity in D1-MSNs promotes, whereas activity in D2-MSNs inhibits, motivated behaviors. We used chemogenetics to extend D1-/D2-MSN cell specific regulation to cue-reinstated cocaine seeking in a mouse model of self-administration and relapse, and found that either increasing activity in D1-MSNs or decreasing activity in D2-MSNs augmented cue-induced reinstatement. Both D1- and D2-MSNs provide substantial GABAergic innervation to the ventral pallidum, and chemogenetic inhibition of ventral pallidal neurons blocked the augmented reinstatement elicited by chemogenetic regulation of either D1- or D2-MSNs. Because D1- and D2-MSNs innervate overlapping populations of ventral pallidal neurons, we next used optogenetics to examine whether changes in synaptic plasticity in D1- versus D2-MSN GABAergic synapses in the ventral pallidum could explain the differential regulation of VP activity. In mice trained to self-administer cocaine, GABAergic LTD was abolished in D2-, but not in D1-MSN synapses. A μ opioid receptor antagonist restored GABA currents in D2-, but not D1-MSN synapses of cocaine-trained mice, indicating that increased enkephalin tone on presynaptic μ opioid receptors was responsible for occluding the LTD. These results identify a behavioral function for D1-MSN innervation of the ventral pallidum, and suggest that losing LTDGABAin D2-MSN, but not D1-MSN input to ventral pallidum may promote cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMore than 90% of ventral striatum is composed of two cell types, those expressing dopamine D1 or D2 receptors, which exert opposing roles on motivated behavior. Both cell types send GABAergic projections to the ventral pallidum and were found to differentially promote cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking via the ventral pallidum. Furthermore, after cocaine self-administration, synaptic plasticity was selectively lost in D2, but not D1 inputs to the ventral pallidum. The selective impairment in D2 afferents may promote the influence of D1 inputs to drive relapse to cocaine seeking.
Excitatory Hindbrain–Forebrain Communication Is Required for Cisplatin-Induced Anorexia and Weight Loss
Authors: Alhadeff Amber L. , Holland Ruby A. , Zheng Huiyuan , Rinaman Linda , Grill Harvey J. , De Jonghe Bart C.
Published: December 2016

Cisplatin chemotherapy is commonly used to treat cancer despite severe energy balance side effects. In rats, cisplatin activates nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) projections to the lateral parabrachial nucleus (lPBN) and calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP) projections from the lPBN to the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA). We demonstrated previously that CeA glutamate receptor signaling mediates cisplatin-induced anorexia and body weight loss. Here, we used neuroanatomical tracing, immunofluorescence, and confocal imaging to demonstrate that virtually all NTS→lPBN and lPBN→CeA CGRP projections coexpress vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2), providing evidence that excitatory projections mediate cisplatin-induced energy balance dysregulation. To test whether lPBN→CeA projection neurons are required for cisplatin-induced anorexia and weight loss, we inhibited these neurons chemogenetically using a retrograde Cre-recombinase-expressing canine adenovirus-2 in combination with Cre-dependent inhibitory Designer Receptors Exclusive Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs) before cisplatin treatment. Inhibition of lPBN→CeA neurons attenuated cisplatin-induced anorexia and body weight loss significantly. Using a similar approach, we additionally demonstrated that inhibition of NTS→lPBN neurons attenuated cisplatin-induced anorexia and body weight loss significantly. Together, our data support the view that excitatory hindbrain–forebrain projections are necessary for cisplatin's untoward effects on energy intake, elucidating a key neuroanatomical circuit driving pathological anorexia and weight loss that accompanies chemotherapy treatment.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTChemotherapy treatments are commonly used to treat cancers despite accompanying anorexia and weight loss that may limit treatment adherence and reduce patient quality of life. Strikingly, we lack a neural understanding of, and effective treatments for, chemotherapy-induced anorexia and weight loss. The current data characterize the excitatory nature of neural projections activated by cisplatin in rats and reveal the necessity of specific hindbrain–forebrain projections for cisplatin-induced anorexia and weight loss. Together, these findings help to characterize the neural mechanisms mediating cisplatin-induced anorexia, advancing opportunities to develop better-tolerated chemotherapies and adjuvant therapies to prevent anorexia and concurrent nutritional deficiencies during cancer treatment.
A crítica de Nietzsche à cultura de massas
Authors: Kellner Douglas
Published: December 2016

Avaliando a contribuição nietzscheana ao desenrolar do debate sobre a cultura de massa, o artigo sublinha seus vários aspectos do ponto de vista histórico-valorativo, situando as idéias do autor no movimento de avanço da modernidade a partir de uma perspectiva dialética.
A crítica nietzscheana da subjetividade
Authors: Haar Michel
Published: December 2016

O ensaio destaca a ruptura com os conceitos modernos de sujeito e indivíduo que, defende, põe em ação o pensamento nietzscheano. O filósofo não somente consagra o primado do corpo sobre a mente mas o do gregarismo vital sobre o individualismo ocidental. O resultado é a geração de uma nova visão de mundo, na qual o social passa a ser visto a partir do cosmos em sua totalidade.
O ciberepaço como um passo metaevolutivo
Authors: Lévy Pierre
Published: December 2016

Neste artigo o autor defende a idéia de que está ocorrendo uma evolução cultural da humanidade, paralela à evolução biológica, e que a etapa mais recente dessa evolução cultural/biológica se manifesta no recente desenvolvimento do ciberespaço, que também será a base de futuras evoluções.
Design gráfico & pós-modernidade
Authors: Cauduro Flávio V.
Published: December 2016

Neste artigo é feita uma breve recapitulação das origens e desdobramentos da estética modernista nas artes visuais e no design para ser esboçado após um pequeno histórico do design pós-moderno. Observa-se então que um estilo muito utilizado no design atual lembra a estética visual do palimpsesto, pela sobreposição deliberada de várias camadas semi-transparentes de elementos visuais. A intenção dos designers parece ser a de querer pluralizar cada vez mais a leitura de suas peças, propondo a significação como um jogo de ilimitadas possibilidades de realização.
Uma agenda para o século XXI
Authors: Krohling Peruzzo Cicilia M.
Published: December 2016

Este artigo procura analisar o perfil atual das relações públicas com a comunidade. Utiliza como quadro de referência as transformações na sociedade, que acabam trazendo uma revalorização de princípios de responsabilidade social das empresas. Empresas, privadas e públicas, passam a desenvolver uma série de programas de cunho social tendo como base estratégias de marketing voltadas para o futuro, mas altamente centradas no interesse imediato de corresponder às expectativas e anseios do mercado consumidor. Apresenta também uma breve análise de conceitos de comunidade, público comunitário e responsabilidade social, além de discutir as diferenças entre programas compromissados com a realidade social e com aqueles mais preocupados em pintarem-se de verde ou de comunitários.
O mal-estar da teoria: demissão intelectual na aurora da cibercultura
Authors: Trivinho Eugênio
Published: December 2016

O presente trabalho trata da crise que atinge a teoria social no referente à reflexão sobre a lógica da civilização produzida pelas tecnologias digitais e do virtual. De acordo com o autor, a teoria social contemporânea perdeu a capacidade de apreender a lógica das coisas, bem como a natureza e os rumos da nova sociedade tecnológica.
Genoma gaúcho
Authors: Kopp Rudinei
Published: December 2016

Como parte das tantas indagações que alimentamos sobre nossa identidade, este artigo lança/resgata mais um ponto de vista sobre a questão da identidade gaúcha. Ancorado em referências que têm contribuído para este tema, faz-se uma análise crítica a partir da argumentação que a identidade é construída sobre imagens, sobre representações que desejamos glorificar ou encontrar. A identidade gaúcha apresenta-se muito mais como um querer ser do que como um fato histórico ou “real” .
Roland Barthes: semiologia, mídia e fait divers
Authors: Ramos Roberto
Published: December 2016

A Semiologia, segundo Roland Barthes, é povoada por traços particulares. Não se empareda no escaninho lingüístico. Reivindica outros contornos. Persegue o translingüístico. Nessa paisagem, o papel da Mídia doa-se como objeto de suas pesquisas semiológicas. No diagrama de suas limitações, o presente ensaio se agenciará nas relações entre a Semiologia barthesiana e a Mídia. Refletirá sobre algumas categorias básicas, que as simbiotizam.
Bourdieu, o arbitrário cultural e a televisão
Authors: Garnham Nicholas
Published: December 2016

A proposta central deste ensaio é levantar o questionamento das implicações da teoria de Bourdieu para o desenvolvimento de um projeto político na prática. Ao examinar esta questão, o autor utiliza a teledifusão (tv broadcasting), como um campo de prática cultural, e a política desse campo como exemplo. Ele questiona se os desenvolvimentos neste campo central da prática cultural contemporânea são congruentes com a análise geral de Bourdieu da prática cultural. E se alguém pode estabelecer, nessa análise, uma resposta política apropria da aos atuais desenvolvimentos em televisão no Reino Unido e na Europa.
A difícil arte de falar com a boca cheia e a cabeça vazia
Authors: Parente André
Published: December 2016

O presente texto responde aos pontos levantados por Carlos Gerbase no seu ensaio A digitalidade e a narrativa audiovisual, publicado na edição número 14 da Revista Famecos.