bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
One-dimensional sensor learns to sense three-dimensional space
Authors: Zhu Chen , Gerald II Rex E. , Chen Yizheng , Huang Jie
Published: June 2020

A sensor system with ultra-high sensitivity, high resolution, rapid response time, and a high signal-to-noise ratio can produce raw data that is exceedingly rich in information, including signals that have the appearances of “noise”. The “noise” feature directly correlates to measurands in orthogonal dimensions, and are simply manifestations of the off-diagonal elements of 2nd-order tensors that describe the spatial anisotropy of matter in physical structures and spaces. The use of machine learning techniques to extract useful meanings from the rich information afforded by ultra-sensitive one-dimensional sensors may offer the potential for probing mundane events for novel embedded phenomena. Inspired by our very recent invention of ultra-sensitive optical-based inclinometers, this work aims to answer a transformative question for the first time: can a single-dimension point sensor with ultra-high sensitivity, fidelity, and signal-to-noise ratio identify an arbitrary mechanical impact event in three-dimensional space? This work is expected to inspire researchers in the fields of sensing and measurement to promote the development of a new generation of powerful sensors or sensor networks with expanded functionalities and enhanced intelligence, which may provide rich n-dimensional information, and subsequently, data-driven insights into significant problems.
Single-photon characterization by two-photon spectral interferometry
Authors: Thiel Valérian , Davis Alex O. C. , Sun Ke , D’Ornellas Peru , Jin Xian-Min , Smith Brian J.
Published: June 2020

Single-photon sources are a fundamental resource in quantum optics and quantum information science. Photons with differing spectral and temporal shapes do not interfere well and inhibit the performance of quantum applications such as linear optics quantum computing, boson sampling, and quantum networks. Indistinguishability and purity of photons emitted from different sources are crucial properties for many quantum applications. The ability to determine the state of single-photon sources therefore provides a means to assess their quality, compare different sources, and provide feedback for source tuning. Here, we propose and demonstrate a single-configuration experimental method enabling complete characterization of the spectral-temporal state of a pulsed single-photon source having both pure and mixed states. The method involves interference of the unknown single-photon source with a reference at a balanced beam splitter followed by frequency-resolved coincidence detection at the outputs. Fourier analysis of the joint-spectral two-photon interference pattern reveals the density matrix of the single-photon source in the frequency basis. We present an experimental realization of this method for pure and mixed state pulsed single-photon sources.
Constructive interference atomic clock scheme based on coherent population trapping and an extended optical cavity
Authors: Qu Suping , Cai Dehuan
Published: June 2020

We studied experimentally a left-right circularly polarized light feedback scheme. A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) and partial retroreflector formed an extended cavity, allowing ∼4% of the laser to enter the VCSEL. Such design helped to improve the microwave modulation efficiency. Comparing to the conventional circularly polarized light scheme, the resonance amplitude of this method was doubled while the noise was reduced five times because of the usage of the left-right circularly polarized light, which continuously interacted with atoms. The short-term instability was improved by one order of magnitude. This scheme can be applied to small or chip-scale atomic clocks.
Cultura e prática médica
Authors: Manso Maria Elisa Gonzalez
Published: June 2020

A Antropologia da Saúde busca ampliar a visão que as áreas técnicas têm sobre o processo de adoecimento. O entendimento da influência da cultura, tanto na inserção em uma equipe de trabalho quanto na relação médico-paciente, propicia ao futuro médico um olhar crítico sobre a atual prática clínica tendo como pressupostos a empatia, o vínculo e a integralidade da atenção. Este foi o propósito do oferecimento da disciplina Cultura e Prática Clínica. O objetivo desde relato é apresentar a experiencia de seis anos de oferecimento desta disciplina em um curso de graduação de medicina em um Centro Universitário na cidade [...]. A disciplina é baseada na metodologia da problematização, buscando a influência dos aspectos culturais e as dificuldades trazidas pela forma como o ensino médico ainda se pauta no que tange à hiperespecialização e à visão fragmentada do ser humano em contraste com os princípios do SUS e a proposta de humanização da atenção. Os temas de maior recorrência discutidos ao longo destes anos referem-se aos conflitos entre as diferentes concepções que o médico e o enfermo têm do adoecer, do itinerário terapêutico e da adesão ao tratamento, bem como da visão que os educandos trazem de seu papel enquanto profissional de saúde. A dificuldade encontrada ao longo destes dois anos é o conflito entre a proposta do curso e a visão que o aluno traz do que é ser médico. Apesar das dificuldades de incorporar uma visão diferenciada [...]perante as necessidades das pessoas e do sistema de saúde brasileiro.
O conceito eficiência na gestão da saúde pública brasileira
Authors: Dermindo Mariana Pereira , Guerra Luciane Miranda , Verna Castro Gondinho Brunna
Published: June 2020

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o uso do conceito de eficiência na gestão dos serviços de saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa cujo contexto de estudo foi a gestão em saúde pública, o fenômeno identificado foi a eficiência de gestão e os serviços públicos brasileiros de saúde foram tomados como população. Com o intuito de definir os assuntos e recuperar artigos de interesse utilizou-se uma estratégia de busca com base nos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde nas bases Lilacs e SciELO, foram incluídos 11 artigos. O conceito de eficiência foi apreendido como um esforço dos gestores em realizar suas atribuições com diligência e busca de resultados positivos para o serviço, no que tange a aplicação dos recursos financeiros, e satisfatoriedade na entrega dos serviços necessários à comunidade
Limitações do Estado Social Capitalista Contemporâneo
Authors: Salete Boschetti Ivanete
Published: June 2020

Esse texto apresenta três ideias: 1) O sentido dos direitos e das políticas sociais na conformação do Estado Social no capitalismo e o crescente aumento da exploração e a pauperização da classe trabalhadora e daqueles que conformam um exército de reserva ou a superpopulação relativa em suas diversas formas, e estão submetidos cotidianamente aos processos de violentas expropriações de direitos; 2) A Condição do Estado Social no Brasil Hoje, nesse contexto de ajuste fiscal permanente, intensificado após o golpe de 2016 e após as eleições de 2018, que vem corroendo os direitos e políticas sociais conquistados em anos recentes, especialmente após a Constituição Federal de 1988; e 3) o sentido e importância da resistência e luta da classe trabalhadora na defesa de direitos, nesse contexto tão bárbaro, que exige que não nos calemos e nem nos curvemos diante das ameaças reacionárias e da imposição do medo
Arap Dilinin Yapısından Kaynaklanan Çeviri Zorlukları
Authors: HACIBEKİROĞLU Abdullah
Published: June 2020

Çeviri, insanlık tarihi boyunca toplumların
bilimsel, kültürel, edebî, diplomatik vs. nedenlerle başvurduğu bir yoldur.
Toplumlar ve diller arasındaki etkileşim, bir topluma veya dile ait zenginliğin
diğerine aktarılması kanalıyla etkin bir şekilde sağlanmıştır. Çeviri eyleminin
kendine has kural ve yöntemleri olmakla beraber birtakım zorlukları da vardır.
Bu çalışmada daha çok çeviri deneyimi çerçevesinde karşılaşılan zorluklar ele
alınmıştır. Çalışmada ele alınan yapısal zorlukların başında okuma zorluğu gelmektedir.
Bilindiği gibi Arap Dilinde hareke kullanımı bazı metinler dışında hemen hemen
yok gibidir. Bu durum sessiz harflerin okunmasını zorlaştırmakta, doğru anlam
ve doğru çevirinin önünde bir engel oluşturmaktadır. Dilbilgisi kaynaklı
zorluklar da çeviri zorluklarına sebebiyet vermektedir. İyi düzeyde gramer
bilgisine sahip olanlar bile dilbilgisi kaynaklı zorluklarla
karşılaşabilmektedir. Arapça i’râb kurallarının teorik düzeyden pratik düzeye
aktarılması ve bol metin deneyimi zorlukların aşılmasına yardımcı olacaktır. Bu zorluklar
örnek cümle ve metinlerle izah edilmiş, söz konusu cümlelerin tercümeleriyle
ilgili öneriler sunulmuştur. Eşdeğer ifadeler bulunmaya çalışılmıştır. Kaynak dil ile hedef dil arasındaki dil yapısı, kültür,
üslup vs. gibi farklılıklar eşdeğer çeviri imkânlarını kısıtlamaktadır. Diller
ve kültürler arasındaki tüm bu farklılıklara rağmen eşdeğer çeviri imkânları
gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Dillerin kendine özgü yapısından, çevirmenin bizzat
kendisinden yahut iki dilin sahip olduğu kültürel farklılıklardan dolayı çeviri
işleminde birtakım zorluklar yaşanabilir. Çevirmen her iki dilin de
özelliklerine son derece hâkim olmalıdır. Böylece çeviri esnasında ortaya çıkan
bu sorunların üstesinden gelecektir.
Bir Fetvâ Emininin Hayratı: Gedizli Mehmed Efendi’nin Vakıf Faaliyetleri
Authors: AYAR Talip
Published: June 2020

Gedizli Mehmed Efendi (ö. 1253/1837), ilmiyeye mensup bir ailede dünyaya
gelmiştir. Küçük yaştan itibaren eğitim hayatına özen göstermiş ve tahsil
süreçlerini başarıyla tamamladıktan sonra Osmanlı ilmiye sahasında farklı
görevler üstlenmiştir. Üstlendiği görevler arasında müderrislik, nâiblik,
kadılık ve fetvâ eminliği yer almaktadır. Ayrıca Mehmed Efendi’nin kendi
yazdığı ve istinsah ettiği çok sayıda eseri bulunmaktadır. Mehmed Efendi,
ilmiye alanında sergilediği çabanın benzerini hayır ve iyilik faaliyetlerinde
de göstermiştir. Kurumsal anlamda ilk hayrî faaliyetini, kurmuş olduğu vakıfla
hayata geçirmiştir. Bu bağlamda doğup büyüdüğü Gediz kasabasında medrese inşâ
ettirdiği ve vakfa gelir getirici bir takım kaynaklar vakfettiği 1212/1797
tarihli esas vakfiyesinden öğrenilmektedir. Mehmed Efendi, hayırsever
tavrını hayatının son anına kadar sürdürmüştür. Zira o, hayır yapma imkân ve
gücüne sahip olduğu her fırsatta, kurduğu vakfı zenginleştirmeye çalışmıştır. Esas
vakfiyeye ek olarak hazırlanan 1245/1830, 1247/1832 ve 1249/1833 tarihli zeyl
vakfiyelerde bu durum açıkça görülmektedir. Nitekim inşâ ettirdiği
medreseye ilave olarak, eklentileri ve arsasıyla birlikte evini vakfa dâhil
etmiştir. Ardından nakit birikimini vakfetmiştir. Bunlarla da yetinmeyen Mehmed
Efendi bu kez, daha önce yaptırmış olduğu medresenin alanını genişleterek
kütüphane yaptırmış ve kitap vakfetmek sûretiyle hayır faaliyetlerini
sürdürmüştür. Bu itibarla çalışmada, Mehmed Efendi vakfının kapsam ve içeriği
ele alınacaktır. Vakfa ait dört adet vakfiye esas alınıp Mehmed Efendi’nin
hayır ve iyilik faaliyetleri incelenecektir.
Kemalpaşazâde’ye Göre Müşâkele Sanatı (Problemler ve Eleştirler)
Authors: ÇİFÇİ Mehmet Faruk
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışma Kemalpaşazâde’nin müşâkele hakkındaki değerlendirme ve
eleştirilerini konu edinmiş, bunlar üzerinden onun müşâkelenin teorisi ve
uygulanması noktasındaki görüşlerine ulaşmayı hedeflemiştir. Zira edebî sanat
olmasının yanında tefsir ve kelam gibi ilim dallarını da ilgilendiren
müşâkeleye tüm bu alanlara hâkim bir âlim olan Kemalpaşazâde’nin bakış açışı
kanaatimizce önemlidir. Arap dili belâgatında kısaca bir mânayı ona işaret eden
bir lafızla değil de söz içinde geçen başka bir lafızla ifade etme şeklinde
tarif edilmesi mümkün olan müşâkele sanatı yapısı ve örnekleri itibariyle
birçok tartışmayı beraberinde getirmiştir. Şöyle ki bu sanatta aynı söz içinde
ikinci kez gelen lafzın mecazlığı, bu mecazı sahih hale getiren alâkanın ne
olduğu ve bu alâkanın mahiyeti konusu hep tartışılmıştır. Bu noktada Osmanlı
Şeyhülislâmı Kemalpaşazâde de müşâkele sanatına dair düşüncelerini açık ve net
olarak ifade etmemiş ancak onun kelimelerin medlüllerinin müsâhabetine
istinaden bir mecaz türü olduğu görüşüne meyletmiştir. Zira Arap dili belâgatı
literatüründe geçen birçok müşâkele örneğini o, müşâkeleyi telaffuz etmeden
farklı şekillerde tahlil etmiştir. Haliyle onun tefsirinde de müşâkele sanatı,
hakikî mânaya hiçbir şekilde gidilemeyen ve istiare gibi muhkem edebi
sanatların söz konusu olmadığı yerlerde başvurulacak son bir izah yolu olarak
kalmıştır. Tabiri
yerindeyse Kemalpaşazâde mecâzi ve hakikî anlam arasındaki alâkanın bu denli
tartışmalı olduğu bir mecaz türünü Kur’ân âyetlerinin tefsirine yaklaştırmama
eğilimindedir. Diğer yandan onun
müşâkelenin alâkası, tarifi ve bazı örnekleri üzerinden Molla el-Fenârî, Ebû Yaʿkûb es-Sekkâkî ve Seyyid Şerif el-Cürcânî’ye yönelttiği sert eleştirilere Mısırlı âlim Seriyyüddîn ed-Derûrî
aynı ton ve sertlikte ve argümanlarını sağlam temeller üzerine kurarak karşılık
vermeye çalışmıştır.
PERAN AKAL DALAM MEMAHAMI PENGETAHUAN LADUNI (TELAAH KITAB RISALAH AL-LADUNIYYAH AL GHAZALI)
Authors: Nisa Azizatun
Published: June 2020

This research is a qualitative research. The aim is finding out the role of reason in understanding laduni knowledge. In this case laduni knowledge is the same as intuition. The relationship of reason and intuition which is essentially always in an interactive condition, first seeing the types of knowledge that can be captured by humans. According to al-Ghazali there are four kinds of levels of existence (being). First. The metaphysical form, according to him, is summarized in the Mahfudh letter. Second, empirical forms in the concrete world (alam syahadah). Third, imaginary (imaginative), and fourth, rational form (al-ma’qulat). The relationship of reason and intuition, al-Ghazali made a parable of people who gained knowledge with reason likened to a child and those who obtained knowledge with intuition were likened to (al-mumayyiz). The parable above implies the existence of a level between the two and does not mean there is a separation between each. If this is related to the theory of the human ratio (al- nafs al-natiqoh) after being able to capture a priori or dharuriyyat knowledge, in turn it shows two abilities, namely, the ability to produce knowledge through understanding (through) feeling . The first is creative-methodical-systematic, while the second is creative-non-systematic-systematic. Thus, it is clear that the nature of both knowledge comes from the same source as the derivative of the soul and therefore both are contained in human intellectuality.
Using the sun in own favor: a study about energy efficiency in a chemical industry
Authors: Badico Gustavo Brito , Abdala Etienne Cardoso , Stocco Lucas Conde , Donega André Selistre , Cezarino Luciana Oranges
Published: June 2020

Goal: This paper aims to analyze the economic feasibility of the inclusion of solar energy boiler in the production process in a chemical industry.

Design/Methodology/ Approach: The research method used was documentary analysis in organizational reports, interviews with suppliers and observation. For the feasibility analysis of the solar energy inclusion project, Payback, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Net Present Value (NPV) calculations were performed.

Results: Results show that the adequacy of the production system from the use of solar energy contributes to the three areas of the Triple Bottom Line (TBL), that is, economical because its contributions to the organization's long-term cost reduction, social by ensuring greater safety to workers around the boiler and environmental by reducing the rate of greenhouse gases emissions from burning fossil fuels.

Limitations of the investigation: The paper limitations are related to the fact that the study was made from data collected in a single organization from chemical industry sector to trace the feasibility of the project, this fact does not allow us to assume generalizations to other companies in the sector.

Practical implications: The study shows the importance of adopting new production systems based on cleaner energies and what contributions can be achieved on sustainability by organizations, society and the environment.

Originality/Value: By analyzing the feasibility of adapting a production system to a chemical industry, the study contributes to the field of research on environmental management and sustainability.
Comparative Analysis of Russian and Foreign Experience in Managing Enterprises' Intellectual Property
Authors: BYKOVA Olga Nicolaevna , GARNOV Andrey Petrovich , MORKOVKIN Dmitry Evgenievich , STROEV Pavel Victorovich , RUDENKO Lyudmila Gennadievna , ZONOVA Alevtina V. , LIVANOVА Rimma V. , ISAICHYKOVA Natalia Ivanovna
Published: June 2020

The objective of the research is to study Russian and foreign experience in managing intellectual property in the authorized capital, as well as to develop ways to improve the approaches to the capitalization of an enterprise’s intellectual property.

Methods: The role and quantity of the results of intellectual activity as a company's competitive advantage are increasing in the modern world. Intellectual capital is the main resource for a company. In Russian practice, there is a lack of awareness about the proper maintenance of accounting and effective management of intellectual property. Therefore, the authors, first, conducted a comparative analysis of Russian and foreign practices and identified the ways and areas for improvement. Second, the authors considered the specifics of creating an intellectual property management system at an enterprise. Third, they developed the methods for adapting foreign experience to the Russian economy. Fourth, the prospects for accounting the intellectual property items in the authorized capital of enterprises were considered.

Recommendations were made for accounting and tax accounting. In cases when intangible assets are included in the turnover, an acceptable cost should be guaranteed, and the maximum value should be set for the commercialization of intellectual property. Second, special attention should be paid to the development of recommendations aimed at improving the results of the use of intellectual property and intellectual rights, which will lead to an increase in productivity and speed of work. The study results will allow improving the financial condition of a company through the capitalization of an organization’s intellectual property from the perspective of foreign experience. The proposed methods will help organizations to improve their financial condition through the capitalization of their intellectual property items.
Clustering as a Mechanism of Kazakhstan Agro-industrial Complex Economic Growth
Authors: ANOKHINA Marina Y. , DARIBAYEVA Elmira B. , JOLDASBAYEVA Gulnar K.
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the study is to develop the mechanism of clustering the agrarian economy of Kazakhstan as the basis for ensuring the economic growth of the agro-industrial complex (AIC) of the country. The methodology of the research is based on the author's concept of managing the economic growth of agro-industrial production and determining the role of clustering in ensuring its sustainability. In contrast to the previously developed approaches to the management of economic dynamics processes of the industrial complex, the identification of quantitative, qualitative and reproductive components is proposed. The influence of cluster technologies on reproductive dynamics of agro-industrial complex, the level of which determines opportunities and sustainability of economic growth of Kazakhstan agro-industrial production, is substantiated. The result of the research is the proposed algorithm of agrarian cluster establishment taking into account regional peculiarities of Kazakhstan, forming the basis of country agrarian economy clustering and ensuring the economic dynamics of agro-industrial production at a new qualitative level.
Educational Process Quality from the Viewpoint of Future Innovators and Engineers
Authors: NADTOCHIY Yuliya
Published: June 2020

A concept of ‘innovation’ is commonly used in today's world. Innovations have been created in all areas of life of society and often make our life comfortable. The innovator profession becomes relevant. Innovation is an area of specialization in the Russian educational institutions of higher education in which such specialists are trained. Engineer is another profession required to create (develop, design, etc.) various innovative technologies. The article examines the factors that influence the quality of modern educational process in the training of future innovators and engineers, based on the analysis of the results obtained during the student survey.
Den Prozess vom Ende her denken – Digitalisierung von Film zur Sicherung und Zugänglichmachung
Authors: Heftberger Adelheid
Published: June 2020

Die Digitalisierung von analogem Film und die Archivierung der Digitalisate ist eine komplexe Aufgabe und erfordert neben technischen Entscheidungen auch eine Diskussion darüber, wie die entstandenen Digitalisate zugänglich gemacht werden können. In diesem Beitrag wird einleitend der Begriff der Sicherung für Film umrissen und dann der aktuelle Stand der Langzeitsicherung von audiovisuellen Medien vorgestellt. Ferner wird über die Digitalisierung von analogen Filmen gesprochen, mit Fokus auf die technischen Unterschiede zwischen der Digitalisierung für Sicherung einerseits und dem Zugang andererseits.
Information Integrity in the Era of Fake News
Authors: Rügenhagen Melanie , Beck Thorsten Stephan , Sartorius Emily Joan
Published: June 2020

In this article we report on an experiment that tested how useful library-based guidelines are for measuring the integrity of information in the era of fake news. We found that the usefulness of these guidelines depends on at least three factors: weighting indicators (criteria), clear instructions, and context-specificity.
Performance Signature Qualification for Additively Manufactured Parts under Conditions Emulating In-Service Loading
Authors: Michopoulos John G. , Steuben John C. , Iliopoulos Athanasios P. , Nguyen Trung , Phan Nam
Published: June 2020

The micro- and meso-scale material morphologies generated by additive manufacturing (AM) processes can differ remarkably from those arising from conventional manufacturing (CM) methods. A consequence of this fact is the substandard functional performance of the produced parts that can limit the use of AM in some applications. In the present work, a rapid functional qualification methodology for AM-produced parts is presented. This method is based on a concept defined as absolute and differential performance signature qualification. The concept of performance signature (PerSig) is introduced both as a vector of featured quantities of interest (QoIs) and as a graphic representation in the form of radar or spider graph, representing the QoIs associated with the performance of relevant parts. The PerSigs are defined for both the prequalified CM parts and the AM-produced parts. Comparison measures are defined and enable the construction of differential PerSigs (dPerSig) in a manner that captures the differential performance of the AM part versus the prequalified CM one. The dPerSigs enable AM part qualification based on how their PerSigs are different from those of prequalified CM parts. After defining the steps of the proposed methodology, a description of its application is given for a part of an aircraft landing gear assembly and demonstrate its feasibility for the case of static loads. Furthermore, the extension of this methodology is introduced for a multiaxial loading environment intended to reproduce the proper loading conditions of more complex structures, by using the custom-designed six degrees of freedom testing frames.
Elucidating the Impact of Processing Parameters of Additive Manufactured Materials Using Microscale Tensile Samples
Authors: Duffy Michael , Nimer Salahudin , Zupan Marc , Storck Steven
Published: June 2020

Additive manufacturing (AM) using laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF) techniques results in a highly unique processing of material with complex, location-dependent thermal histories. The resulting microstructure and mechanical properties are highly dependent on the associated AM processing parameters and part geometry. To understand the property variation related to varying thermal profiles, a novel microscale testing technique was used to derive mechanical properties allowing for location- and orientation-specific characterization of the material that otherwise is masked with standard macroscale testing methods. Microtensile specimens with a footprint of 1 mm × 3 mm and a gauge section of 250 μm × 250 μm were extracted from part geometries designed to impart various thermal histories. The effects of build direction, sample orientation, and AM processing parameters also were studied. The utility of small-scale testing enabled characterization of properties of thin structural walls not measurable with conventional samples. A link between sample strength and build geometry, such as angle and wall thickness, was observed. The results are crucial to accurately design the AM process and to provide insight into the local mechanical performance of AM components.
Role of Post-Fabrication Heat Treatment on the Low-Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Electron Beam Melted Inconel 718 Superalloy
Authors: Wegener Thomas , Günther Johannes , Brenne Florian , Niendorf Thomas
Published: June 2020

Inconel 718 (In 718) specimens were fabricated by electron beam melting (EBM) additive manufacturing technique. The performance under monotonic and cyclic loading in the low-cycle fatigue regime at ambient temperature was studied. Two different conditions were considered: as-built and solution-treated and aged. All investigations were carried out on samples with machined and ground surfaces. The results revealed microstructures containing large elongated grains with a strong fiber texture 〈001〉 || BD for both conditions. Generally, the EBM Inconel 718 is characterized by high hardness and strength in the as-built state, whereas the post-process heat treatment results in a slight increase in hardness. Mechanical properties can be correlated to the fraction of strengthening phases. In terms of stress amplitudes and fatigue lives, the cyclic deformation response for both conditions is similar. Fracture surface analysis revealed crack initiation in the direct vicinity of the surfaces of the fatigued samples. The results of the current study indicate that the characteristics of the EBM process—that is, high-process temperatures and intrinsic heat treatment—potentially could pave the way for an elimination of any resource intensive post-processing treatment of Inconel 718, even in the case of cyclically loaded components.
Fatigue Behavior of Laser Metal Deposited 17-4 PH Stainless Steel
Authors: Vendra Lakshmi J. , Achanta Anjani , Sullivan Eric
Published: June 2020

As additive manufacturing (AM) technology has evolved, its use has been extended to address more challenging service loading and environmental applications. To ensure broader acceptance of AM technology and to justify its use in routine production, there is a need to characterize the mechanical properties of AM parts. Laser metal deposition (LMD) or laser-directed energy deposition is an AM process in which focused thermal energy (laser) is used to fuse material, typically powder, as it is being deposited. LMD is used for repair, feature addition, rapid prototyping, and low-volume part fabrication and has great potential for producing components with composition gradients or hybrid structures. Specifically, the current work focuses on developing basic fatigue performance data for 17-4 PH stainless steel deposits made using the LMD process. Fatigue behavior for laser powder bed fusion (PBF) parts has been documented in some detail; however, the current understanding of fatigue behavior of LMD parts is limited. It is reasonable to assume that the fatigue behavior of LMD deposits is influenced by a variety of parameters, such as processing conditions, material defects, surface treatments, build orientation, and heat treatment. This paper researched the effect of heat treatment on fatigue performance; the remaining effects were held constant. Stress amplitude–number of cycles (S-N) curves—were generated to report fatigue strength and life of the deposits. Fracture surfaces were examined using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The fatigue and fracture behavior was significantly influenced by the selected parameters.
Early impact of liraglutide in routine clinical use (ABCD nationwide liraglutide audit) on cardiovascular risk (UKPDS risk engine)
Authors: Walton Chris , Kassim Saiful , Harper Roy , McDonald Paula , Brennan Ursula , Harding Janet , Htay Thein , Nayar Rahul , Pernet Andrew , Rowles Susannah , Adamson Karen , Thong Ken Y , Ryder Robert E J , Nationwide liraglutide audit contributors On behalf of ABCD
Published: June 2020

Aims: Liraglutide has been shown to reduce cardiovascular mortality in a cardiovascular safety study, but it is not known to what extent these results will be replicated in real practice with people with diabetes treated with liraglutide in the UK. We wished to explore the likely cardiovascular benefits by modelling 10-year reduction in cardiovascular events and mortality using data from the ABCD liraglutide audit database.Methods: The UKPDS risk engine 2.0 was applied to data collected in the ABCD liraglutide audit database before and at the earliest return to clinic between 3 and 9 months after commencing liraglutide, using the 747 of 6,959 records where all factors used by the risk engine were completely recorded.Results: There were significant falls in all factors used in the UKPDS cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment other than HDL cholesterol which was unchanged. The UKPDS risk engine mean±SD 10-year coronary heart disease (CHD) risk fell by 2.7±7.6% from 18.7±13.0% to 16.1±11.6% (p<0.001). The 10-year fatal CHD risk fell by 2.3±6.5% from 13.7±11.1% to 11.4±9.8% (p<0.001). The 10-year stroke risk fell by 0.3±2.8% from 7.9±8.7% to 7.6±8.3% (p=0.003). The 10-year fatal stroke risk fell by 0.1±0.7% from 1.2±1.4% to 1.1±1.3% (p=0.001).Conclusion: Starting liraglutide reduced 10-year CVD risk. These data suggest that liraglutide used in routine clinical care in 100 patients could prevent three events of CHD or stroke and save two or more lives over the next 10 years.
Percepciones estudiantiles sobre seguridad universitaria: El caso de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica
Authors: Alfaro Salas Marly Yisette , Salas Ocampo Luis Diego
Published: June 2020

Este trabajo busca establecer una línea base de la percepción de seguridad del sector estudiantil en la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica. Trabaja con una muestra de n= 954 casos del campus Omar Dengo y la sede Benjamín Núñez. Se utilizó un desarrollo propio con escalonamiento Likert de 94 ítems y el alfa de Cronbach de .650. Existen amenazas de seguridad de corte político y cultural que se expresan en desconocimiento profundo de la materia, inexistencia de una relación de comunicación entre oficiales de seguridad de la institución y el sector estudiantil y una baja legitimidad de los funcionarios que laboran en ese campo. Se concluye que la Universidad tiene una ventana de oportunidad importante para ser gestora de la seguridad integral universitaria en conjunto con otros actores locales como las comunidades y los negocios.
Estudio comparativo radiológico de los parámetros cardiacos entre imágenes alineadas y con desviación en la vista dorsoventral del tórax
Authors: Baldi Aste Bianca M. , Chilón Jesús , Chipayo Isaac , Díaz C. Diego
Published: June 2020

El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar los parámetros cardiacos de radiografías de tórax de vista dorsoventral alineada con los de vista dorsoventral girada de un mismo paciente para determinar el grado de giro aceptable para dicha vista. Se utilizaron 53 placas dorsoventrales giradas de 32 pacientes caninos y se compararon los parámetros de dichas placas con sus respectivas muestras control o placas dorsoventrales alineadas. Para ello, se usaron las pruebas de analogía del reloj y relación cardio-torácica y complementadas con su respectiva vista latero-lateral derecha, permitiendo la obtención del ángulo de giro. Los resultados de las muestras giradas fueron asignadas a un grupo de 0.1º a 6º de giro y a otro de 6º a 12º de giro. Cada cámara cardiaca fue evaluada con su respectiva placa control mediante la prueba de McNemar. El grupo de 0.1º a 6º de giro presenta un valor de probabilidad de 0.1025 al evaluar la aurícula derecha, 0.6547 para la aurícula izquierda, 0.1573 para el ventrículo derecho y 0.3173 para el ventrículo izquierdo, siendo válido para diagnóstico; a diferencia del grupo de 6º a 12º de giro que obtuvo 0.0196 para la aurícula derecha, 0.0578 para la aurícula izquierda, 0.0114 para el ventrículo derecho y 0.0126 para el ventrículo izquierdo, no siendo aceptables para diagnóstico.
Contribución al conocimiento de los moluscos dulceacuícolas de importancia médico-veterinaria en Villa Clara, Cuba
Authors: Armiñana García Rafael , Fimia Duarte Rigoberto , Olivera Bacallao Damaris , Iannacone José , Argota Pérez George , Alarcón-Elbal Pedro María
Published: June 2020

La investigación ofrece una encuesta malacológica de los moluscos dulceacuícolas de importancia médico-veterinaria presentes en la provincia Villa Clara, Cuba. Se combinaron métodos propios de las investigaciones socio culturales, con métodos y técnicas que se utilizan en el trabajo de laboratorio y de campo. En tal sentido se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico (histórico-lógico, analítico-sintético, e inductivo-deductivo) y de nivel empírico (la encuesta, entrevista y análisis documental). La metodología permitió constatar las carencias existentes sobre el conocimiento de las especies de moluscos dulceacuícolas de importancia médica. La colecta de los moluscos dulceacuícolas se efectuó de modo manual, mediante un colador de mano de 1 mm de abertura de malla y mango de 2 m de longitud durante 10 minutos en los depósitos con agua. El aspecto novedoso de esta investigación es que se vinculan alumnos y profesores de diferentes Escuelas Secundarias Básicas Urbanas (ESBU) de varios municipios de la provincia de Villa Clara, Cuba, y se propone un sistema de talleres para contribuir a la divulgación de estos moluscos, desde el proyecto educativo de la escuela.
Evidencia hematológica de dismegacariocitopoyesis selectiva en un perro con ehrlichiosis canina
Authors: Vásquez Y. Alvaro , Li E. Olga , Cervantes S. Miguel , Masgo C. Deysi , Zavaleta C. Iran , Hoyos S. Luis
Published: June 2020

Se describe el caso de una perra Ovejero Inglés de dos años que fue llevada a consulta a la Clínica de Animales Menores de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos por presentar letargia reciente. Los exámenes sanguíneos en la paciente revelaron pancitopenia, presencia de mórulas compatibles con Ehrlichia spp en leucocitos, disproteinemia y seropositividad frente a E. canis / E. ewingii. Se pudo observar en los extendidos de Buffy coat la presencia de múltiples megacariocitos displásicos, los cuales exhibieron alteraciones tales como asincronía de maduración nuclear, núcleos no lobulados a hipolobulados, aspecto pseudoarticulado del núcleo y emperipolesis megacariocitica de neutrófilos, sin observarse alteraciones mielodisplásicas en los restantes linajes celulares. Las características descritas en su conjunto representan la primera evidencia hematológica de dismegacariocitopoyesis selectiva en un perro con ehrlichiosis canina en el Perú.
Efecto repelente del aceite de neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) contra zancudos (Anophelex spp) en lechones
Authors: Llanos Gonzáles Andrea , Sánchez Suárez Héctor , Ochoa Mogollón Gloria , Peralta Ortiz Tessy , Ordinola-Zapata Alberto
Published: June 2020

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la eficacia repelente para zancudos (Anophelex spp) de tres dosis de aceite de neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) en cerdos bajo condiciones de campo. La investigación se realizó en una época del año de abundancia de zancudos en Tumbes, Perú. Se trabajó con 40 lechones recién destetados, 10 por tratamiento, mantenidos en jaulas bajo techo protegidas contra zancudos. Para la prueba de campo se expusieron, en forma aleatoria, cuatro lechones por día en jaulas externas sin protección al zancudo (un animal diferente por cada tratamiento por día) durante 14 días en un periodo de dos meses. El aceite de neem se extrajo con el equipo soxhlet y la fórmula incluyó 30% de glicerina, 1, 2 o 3% de aceite de neem (T1, T2, T3, respectivamente), y llevado al 100% con alcohol farmacéutico. Se aplicó 50 ml/lechón distribuido en todo el cuerpo. Las picaduras y el número de zancudos fueron evaluados en cuatro ocasiones de 15 minutos durante tres horas por día (06:15, 07:00, 07:45, 08:30) con intervalos de 30 minutos de protección a los lechones. Los zancudos que picaban a los lechones (abdomen rojo) fueron colectados mediante aspiradoras manuales. El rendimiento de aceite de neem fue de 43.25 ± 1.64%. El porcentaje de repelencia fue de 88.74 ± 37.8, 75.66 ± 122.8 y 52.27 ± 164.6% para T1, T2 y T3, respectivamente (p<0.05). El porcentaje de protección (eficiencia del repelente) fue de 93.92 ± 125.3, 85.71 ± 56.8 y 67.78 ± 13.4% para T1, T2 y T3, respectivamente (p<0.05). El número promedio de picaduras de zancudo en el grupo testigo T0 (sin dosis de repelente) fue de 365.54 ± 418 386 picaduras/día, siendo diferente (p<0.05) a los grupos tratados T1, T2 y T3 (49.98 ± 7940.15; 113.82 ± 40 382; 19.52 ± 1184 picaduras/día, respectivamente, y sin diferencia significativa entre los grupos tratados. El Índice de Repelencia (IR) para T1, T2 y T3 fue de 0.47; 0.24 y 0.10, respectivamente, lo cual demuestra que el repelente utilizado en T3 mostró mayor nivel de repelencia y eficacia contra los zancudos.
Rural Green Tourism: Current Trends and Development Prospects
Authors: Gutkevych Svitlana , Haba Myroslava
Published: June 2020

The article determines that in the current conditions of development of the economy of Ukraine the structure of the tourism industry is changing due to the development of perspective types of tourism, including rural green tourism. The purpose of the article is to identify the features, trends and prospects of rural green tourism development. Results. One of the newest forms of tourism is rural green tourism - a priority area in the tourism industry, which opens opportunities for solving a number of problems of rural development. Rural green tourism is a specific form of recreation in the countryside, which has ample opportunity to use the natural, material and cultural potential of certain regions. In the structure of the tourist complex of Ukraine of recent years rural green tourism has become one of the leading and most attractive types of tourism specialization, which requires increase its effective development and management. The analysis of the activity of rural green tourism objects will make it possible to increase the attractiveness of rural green tourism. The development of rural green tourism in the regions of Ukraine every year becomes more powerful and one of the perspective ways of solving social issues regarding employment in all regions and their socio - economic development. The directions of rural green tourism development affect its development prospects. Value/originality. Rural green tourism is viewed from two sides: first, as a promising and attractive destination in the tourism industry, and second, as an object that will increase the potential and potential of rural areas. In the course of the study, the motivational content of rural green tourism was identified as an opportunity to extend the tourist appeal of specialized tourism. For the developing of green tourism in Ukraine promotes the study of international experience of tourism.
Recovery of Iron Stores After Adolescents Donate Blood
Authors: Vassallo Ralph R. , Hilton Joan F. , Bravo Marjorie D. , Vittinghoff Eric , Custer Brian , Kamel Hany
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND:

Teenagers aged 16 to 18 are at increased risk for iron deficiency, exacerbated by losses with whole blood (WB) or double red blood cell (2RBC) donations. Required 56-day (WB) or 112-day (2RBC) interdonation intervals (IDIs) are too short for many to replace lost iron without supplements.

METHODS:

Teenagers donating WB or 2RBCs at Vitalant, a national blood provider, had serum ferritin measured at their first and immediately subsequent successful donation from December 2016 to 2018. We modeled postindex log-ferritin as a function of IDI to estimate the shortest intervals that corresponded with 50% to 95% prevalence of adequate donor iron stores (ferritin ≥20 ng/mL female donors, ≥30 ng/mL male donors) at the subsequent donation.

RESULTS:

Among 30 806 teenagers, 11.4% of female and 9.7% of male donors had inadequate iron stores at index donation. Overall, 92.6% had follow-up ferritin values within 13 months. Approximately 12 months after WB index donations, >60% of female and >80% of male donors had adequate iron stores (>50% and >70% after 2RBC donations). Follow-up–donation iron stores were highly dependent on index ferritin. Less than half of WB donors with low ferritin at index achieved adequate stores within 12 months. Achieving a ≥90% prevalence of adequate ferritin at 12 months required index values >50 ng/mL.

CONCLUSIONS:

These findings suggest that postdonation low-dose iron supplements should be strongly encouraged in teenagers with borderline or low iron stores to permit donation without increased risk for symptoms of mild iron depletion. Increasing the minimum recommended IDI to allow time for replacing donation-related iron losses may be desirable for teenagers.
The incidence of anaerobic bacteria in adult patients with chronic sinusitis: A prospective, single-centre microbiological study
Authors: Urbán Edit , Gajdács Márió , Torkos Attila
Published: June 2020

Introduction

Chronic sinusitis caused by anaerobes is a particular concern clinically, because many of the complications are associated with infections caused by these organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of anaerobic bacteria in chronic sinusitis in adults as a part of a prospective microbiological study.

Materials and methods

Over a one-year period, aspirations of maxillary sinus secretions and/or ethmoid cavities were derived in n = 79 adult patients with chronic sinusitis by endoscopy in a tertiary-care teaching hospital in Hungary. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the total cultivable aerobic and anaerobic bacterial and fungal flora cultured on the samples were compared. Correct anaerobic species level identifications were carried out according to standard methods.

Results

Bacteria were recovered for all of the 79 aspirates and the numbers of the significant cultured isolates (with colony forming units ≥103) were between 1 and 10. A total of 206 isolates, 106 anaerobic and 100 aerobic or facultative-anaerobic strains were isolated. The most common aerobic bacteria were Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 40), Haemophilus influenzae (n = 29), Moraxella catarrhalis (n = 6), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 7) and Streptococcus pyogenes (n = 6). The anaerobic bacteria included black-pigmented Prevotella spp. and Porphyromonas spp. (n = 27), Actinomyces spp. (n = 13), Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (n = 16), Fusobacterium spp. (n = 19) and Cutibacterium acnes (n = 8).

Conclusions

This study illustrates the microbial dynamics in which anaerobic and aerobic bacteria prevail and highlights the importance of obtaining cultures from patients with chronic sinusitis for guidance in selection of proper antimicrobial therapy.
Habib Dan Pengembangan Keagamaan Masyarakat Perkotaan (Peran dan fungsi Habib Syarif Muhammad Al-‘Aydrus di Kota Bandung)
Authors: Saepudin Ahmad
Published: June 2020

The purpose of writing this article is to describe the social role of Habib's diversity in the dynamics of the diversity of urban communities, especially in Bandung. Through descriptive methods, analysis of data obtained from interviews and observations has shown that when identity is able to enter the realm of religion, based on the strength of religious roles, it is able to deliver to a very strong position. The style of the role run by Habib Syarif as a research subject shows a moderate religious role, besides being able to maintain local Islamic traditions. In addition, Habib has a meaning and a clan that is quite strong in the eyes of the clergy and the community. This is an attraction for pilgrims to get involved and participate in religious activities in urban areas.
Nilai-Nilai Perdamaian Pada Masyarakat Multikultural
Authors: Feriyanto F.
Published: June 2020

This article intends to describe a necessity for the presence of peace amidst the diversity of society. This diversity is now an inevitable, especially the depletion of cultural boundaries, and ethnic identity which fuses in the context of globalization. One of the potentials in this diversity is the emergence of conflicts of interest and conflicts in the name of primordial identity. The offer of a multicultural approach will recognize the potential and legitimacy of diversity and socio-cultural differences of each ethnic group. In this view both individuals and groups of various ethnicities can join the community, engage in societal cohesion without having to lose their ethnic and cultural identity, while at the same time still obtaining their rights to participate fully in various fields of community activities.
Gerakan Sosial Baru di Ruang Publik Virtual
Authors: Fuadi Abdulloh , Tasmin Tasmin
Published: June 2020

The era of information technology that has developed dynamically in recent years has brought significant changes in the way to communicate and mobilize the masses. Public spaces that were once confined to a certain space and time, are now eliminated by the latest technology, to give birth to unlimited public space and can be accessed by anyone, anywhere and anytime. Public space is called virtual public space. The sophistication and effectiveness of this virtual public space is increasingly apparent when a new social movement is able to use it. One of the new social movements was called the National Movement for Guards Fatwa (GNPF) of the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI) which was born around the end of 2016. This paper tried to examine the MUI GNPF as a new social movement that managed to make maximum use of virtual public space. Felt until now, a year later. In general, this paper is divided into two. The first part discusses the actions of the MUI's GNPF and a series of Islamic Defending Action. The second part discusses virtual public space which is used as the main means for the GNPF MUI in its movement to mobilize the masses.
History of the Study of Apocrypha in Early Medieval England
Authors: Hawk Brandon W.
Published: June 2020

Literature written in England between about 500 and 1100 CE attests to a wide range of traditions, although it is clear that Christian sources were the most influential. Biblical apocrypha feature prominently across this corpus of literature, as early English authors clearly relied on a range of extra-biblical texts and traditions related to works under the umbrella of what have been called “Old Testament Pseudepigrapha” and “New Testament/Christian Apocrypha." While scholars of pseudepigrapha and apocrypha have long trained their eyes upon literature from the first few centuries of early Judaism and early Christianity, the medieval period has much to offer. This article presents a survey of significant developments and key threads in the history of scholarship on apocrypha in early medieval England. My purpose is not to offer a comprehensive bibliography, but to highlight major studies that have focused on the transmission of specific apocrypha, contributed to knowledge about medieval uses of apocrypha, and shaped the field from the nineteenth century up to the present. Bringing together major publications on the subject presents a striking picture of the state of the field as well as future directions.