bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ferramenta gerencial para integração dos serviços de saúde na gestão de riscos de desastres: o caso de Blumenau, SC
Authors: Moura Sherelee Ribeiro Spindola de , Moura João Marcos Bosi Mendonça de , Vieira Rafaela
Published: July 2021

RESUMO No âmbito dos desastres, os planos de contingência em saúde costumam limitar-se aos aspectos de resposta e emergência. Propõe-se que, em uma perspectiva holística, os municípios formulem planos que contemplem também aspectos de prevenção e redução de riscos. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se desenvolver e aplicar um instrumento técnico para a formulação de um plano de ação dos serviços da saúde voltado à Gestão de Riscos de Desastres (GRD). As bases conceituais apresentadas fundamentaram a elaboração do instrumento levando-se em conta uma gestão integral, integrada e participativa. Programas, projetos, ações, agentes e instrumentos jurídicos são descritos a partir dos diversos processos da GRD do município de Blumenau, Santa Catarina. Os resultados revelaram um diagnóstico das políticas do município. As ações existentes concentram-se em processos de preparação e resposta. O Programa Vigidesastres não se encontra operante. Novas ações também são propostas com o intuito de fortalecer ações de prevenção e redução de riscos. Espera-se que o estudo possa subsidiar políticas públicas que considerem os serviços de saúde sob uma perspectiva integral, reduzindo as vulnerabilidades sociais e promovendo a saúde da população.
O rejeito e suas diversas marcas: saúde dos trabalhadores da Defesa Civil no rompimento da barragem de Fundão
Authors: Rezende Eduardo de Andrade , Portella Sergio , Oliveira Simone Santos
Published: July 2021

RESUMO A partir do desastre socioambiental ocorrido em Mariana (MG), em 5 de novembro de 2015, o estudo buscou compreender a atividade dos técnicos da Defesa Civil que atuaram no desastre. A reflexão que aqui se desenvolve parte do esforço de dar visibilidade à atividade desses profissionais que atuam em condições permeadas de imprevisibilidades e pressões. O estudo tem como referenciais os aportes do campo da Saúde do Trabalhador e da ergologia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa empírica, de abordagem qualitativa, realizada por meio de observação direta e entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas com trabalhadores da Defesa Civil. A análise dos resultados foi organizada em duas grandes seções com os seus respectivos desdobramentos: a primeira traz uma contextualização do desastre narrada pelos diversificados profissionais que atuaram; a segunda evidencia desafios e perspectivas que os agentes de defesa civil puderam tirar da catástrofe. Diante da complexidade das situações e da dimensão imprevisível do risco, os agentes de defesa civil são constantemente convocados a ‘renormatizar’ e a operar escolhas a partir de sua história e de seus valores para lidar com as infidelidades do meio.
Mudanças na exposição da população à fumaça gerada por incêndios florestais na Amazônia: o que dizem os dados sobre desastres e qualidade do ar?
Authors: Anderson Liana , Marchezini Victor
Published: July 2021

RESUMO O uso do fogo e seus impactos são crescentes na Amazônia. Neste estudo, avaliou-se a problemática das queimadas e incêndios florestais no contexto da proteção e defesa civil objetivando avaliar o número de registros de situação de emergência ou estado de calamidade pública declarados ante o aumento da ocorrência de queimadas e incêndios florestais na Amazônia. Fez-se uma análise histórica para quantificar mudança na exposição da população a queimadas, incêndios florestais e qualidade do ar. Em seguida, uma visão da crise dos incêndios florestais na Amazônia em 2019, em que um dos principais impactos imediatos foi baixa qualidade do ar associada a esses eventos é apresentada. As análises sugerem que existe um negligenciamento em registrar oficialmente situações de emergência e calamidade pública associados à baixa qualidade do ar, oriundos de queimadas e incêndios florestais, principalmente na região norte do País. Mediante acompanhamento da crise entre os meses de julho e agosto de 2019, devido à situação crítica da ocorrência de queimadas e incêndios florestais reportados até o final de 2019 no sudoeste da Amazônia, entende-se que há possibilidade desse quadro ser considerado um desastre.
Vigilância em saúde e desastres de origem natural: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Santos Rhavena , Menezes Júlia Alves , Souza Carina Margonari de , Confalonieri Ulisses , Freitas Carlos Machado de
Published: July 2021

RESUMO As projeções climáticas para o final do século XXI sugerem a intensificação de eventos extremos que podem causar danos diretos e indiretos à saúde pública e impactar, em diferentes proporções, as populações vulneráveis. Nesse âmbito, destaca-se a vigilância em saúde por suas relevantes ações em todas as etapas de gestão de risco dos desastres. O objetivo deste artigo foi realizar uma revisão da literatura científica sobre a vigilância em saúde e desastres de origem natural, com intuito de descrever as principais abordagens desses temas. Observou-se que as publicações têm como assunto central os efeitos dos desastres sobre a saúde; as ações do setor saúde em desastres, o sistema/fluxo de informação em saúde e as condições de vulnerabilidade aos desastres. Os dois primeiros tópicos são mais prevalentes na literatura e permitem o compartilhamento das lições aprendidas ao longo dos anos. Embora em menor número, os dois últimos temas apresentam discussões relevantes para a temática da gestão de risco de desastres e têm muito a contribuir para o avanço da cultura de risco no País, para uma melhor compreensão da realidade e para a resiliência tanto populacional quanto institucional. Nesse sentido, ressalta-se a importância de mais estudos sobre essas temáticas.
A vigilância em saúde ambiental como resposta ao desastre do rompimento da barragem de rejeitos em Brumadinho
Authors: Carvalho Ana Paula Mendes , Marques Gabriela Lopes , Cunha Joice Rodrigues da , Pereira Rosiane Aparecida , Oliveira Talita Silva de
Published: July 2021

RESUMO A saúde ambiental se constitui o campo da saúde pública responsável pelas políticas públicas relacionadas com a interação entre a saúde humana e os fatores do meio ambiente. A gestão de risco de desastres envolve um processo de antecipação, planejamento e preparação para resposta, com atuação de diferentes áreas de governo, como o setor saúde. Este relato de experiência teve o objetivo de descrever as ações desenvolvidas pela vigilância em saúde ambiental da Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais em resposta ao rompimento da barragem B1 em Brumadinho. Entre as ações desenvolvidas, destacam-se o monitoramento da qualidade da água para consumo humano nos municípios atingidos, a participação em reuniões em espaços de decisão e deliberação e a produção de documentos técnicos. As experiências vivenciadas pela equipe, durante as ações de resposta ao desastre, motivaram reflexões sobre a necessidade de fortalecer o desenvolvimento das ações de forma intra e intersetorial e a importância de qualificação dos dados registrados nos sistemas de informação e de conhecimento das informações locais de cada território, a fim de subsidiar a atuação do setor saúde de modo oportuno em situações de desastre.
Fluorescent polarization assay, two versions of indirect and competitive enzyme- linked immunoassay for brucellosis diagnosis in vaccinated buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
Authors: Martinez Diana Elina , Aguirre Nerina , Galarza María Fabiana Cipolini , Echaide Susana Marta Torioni de
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: The fluorescence polarization assay (FPA), two variants (V) of the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) and the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA) were evaluated in buffaloes to detect antibodies against Brucella spp. The V1 of I-ELISA identifies them through the monoclonal (M23) anti-bovine IgG (I-ELISAM23) and the V2 through the ProteinA / G (I-ELISA-A/G). Serum samples of 862 buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from the Northeast of Argentina (NEA) were analyzed using the complement fixation test (CFT) as the reference. Receiving Operator Characteristic (ROC) analysis defined for the area under the curve (AUC) determined the cutoff points, sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) for each test. CFT identified 107 positive and 755 negative sera. The best AUC (0.986), Concordance with CFT (96.3%) and kappa value (0.843) was obtained by I-ELISA A/G test. This assay showed the highest Se (95.33%) and C-ELISA the highest Sp (97%). FPA failed to measure the antibodies in 23 (2.65%) serum samples due to unsuccessful reading. I-ELISA M23 proved to be ineffective to diagnose brucellosis in bubaline sera. The four serological tests showed cutoff points lower than those standardized for bovines. As conclusion, I-ELISA A/G, C-ELISA and FPA with its limitations would be effective techniques for the diagnosis of brucellosis in buffaloes in the NEA, requiring an appropriate cut-off point to guarantee their maximum performance in this species.
Tuberculosis outbreak in intensive swine farming from southern Brazil
Authors: Lopes Bruna Correa , Vidaletti Marina Roth , Soares Daniel Holanda , Argenta Fernando Froner , Mello Lauren Santos de , Pavarini Saulo Petinatti , Mayer Fabiana Quoos , Driemeier David
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis is the etiologic agent of animal tuberculosis (aTB), a neglected zoonotic disease. Animal tuberculosis can affect many species, including swine. aTB-consistent granulomas in these animals lead to carcass disposal, generating economic losses and posing risks to human health. In the present study, an aTB outbreak was identified at an intensive swine farming operation in Southern Brazil. Inspection during swine slaughter revealed aTB-suspected lesions, which were collected for diagnosis by histology, PCR, and bacterial isolation. The animals had no clinical signs of tuberculosis. Granulomatous lesions were identified in 0.73% (59/8,071) of the slaughtered swine, and were confirmed by histology. Nine samples were further examined by PCR and bacterial isolation, with 44.4% and 55.5% positive results, respectively. Data from abattoirs subjected to federal surveillance show an aTB prevalence in Brazil of <0.001%. The present data thus indicate a swine aTB outbreak in intensive breeding. Swine infection can be related to exposure to infected animals or to contaminated food or environment. Biosecurity measures must be taken to avoid aTB transmission. Although certified swine breeding farms adopt such measures, this report indicates that constant monitoring is crucial, and greater control in swine breeding and finishing units is required to prevent outbreaks and spread of tuberculosis.
Mathematical models to adjust the parameters of in vitro cumulative gas production of diets containing preserved Gliricidia
Authors: Gurgel Antonio Leandro Chaves , Morais Jucileia Aparecida da Silva , Santana Juliana Caroline Santos , Difante Gelson dos Santos , Emerenciano Neto João Virgínio , Ítavo Luís Carlos Vinhas , Ítavo Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira , Oliveira Vinícius da Silva , Rodrigues Maria Juciara Silva Teles
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: This study examined the use of the Gompertz, Groot, monomolecular, Richards and two-compartment-logistic mathematical models to investigate the kinetics of in vitro gas production of diets composed of combinations of Gliricidia hay or silage. In addition, the effects of Gliricidia hay or silage inclusion on the in vitro cumulative gas production of these diets were evaluated. Rumen fermentation kinetics were analyzed by the in vitro cumulative gas production methodology. The model parameters were estimated using the Gauss Newton method, with the exception of the Richards model, which was used by Marquardt’s algorithm. Model fit was assessed using the determination coefficient, F test for parameters identity, concordance correlation coefficient, root mean square error of prediction, and decomposition of mean square error of prediction into mean error, systematic bias and random error. The models were compared for accuracy (pairwise mean square error of prediction) and precision (delta Akaike’s information criterion). All model evaluation and comparison statistics were calculated using Model Evaluation System software version 3.2.2. The Groot and Richards models did not differ from each other (P>0.05) and were the most precise and accurate (P<0.05). Therefore, the Groot model was selected due to its better accuracy and precision and easier access to the parameters. The inclusion of Gliricidia silage in the diet resulted in an increase in the time to obtain the maximum rate of degradation and in the time after incubation when half of the asymptotic level was reached. The Groot model is recommended to estimate the average curve. Dietary inclusion of Gliricidia silage alters the gas production curve due to the longer time required for the diet to reach the maximum rate of degradation, this can increase the time the diet remains in rumen and promote a reduction in the consumption.
Biometric characterization and tetrazolium test in Campomanesia phaea O. Berg. Landrum seeds
Authors: Silva Aparecida Leonir da , Forte Mariane Jeronimo , Jacomino Angelo Pedro , Forti Victor Augusto , Silva Simone Rodrigues da
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: Campomanesia phaea has commercial interest because its fruits are used in the manufacture of several products, besides its high nutritional potential. Nevertheless, it has low germination potential and there is not much information in the literature. The aim of this study was to perform a biometric characterization and to establish the tetrazolium test for cambuci seeds. Seeds obtained from two collection periods were subjected to biometric evaluations (seed length, thickness, width and mass), water content, determination of the soaking curve and tetrazolium test. The soaking curve was performed with non-scarified seeds and seeds subjected to two scarification methods, mechanical and chemical. The tetrazolium test was performed soaking the seeds in a solution of 2, 3, 5 triphenyl tetrazolium chloride salt at 0.75, 1.00 and 1.50% for 4, 8 and 12 hours. After this period, the seeds were categorized as viable and non-viable. It was concluded that the cambuci seeds presented biometric differences between the two collection periods, because of the different water contents. There was no difference in the soaking curve among the three treatments tested and the solution of 0.75% for four hours in a water bath at 38 oC was considered the best for performing the tetrazolium test.
Protocolo de evaluación y valores de referencia de la ganancia del reflejo vestíbulo-ocular (RVO) en el plano horizontal registrado mediante el video-Head Impulse Test (v-HIT) en población pediátrica
Authors: Retamal Sebastián Rivera , Díaz Patricia Oyarzún , Fernández Anthony Marcotti , Muñoz Camila Gallardo , Espinoza Melissa Richard , Araya Valeria Sepúlveda , Rivera Javiera Tapia
Published: July 2021

RESUMEN Objetivo Elaborar un protocolo de evaluación y establecer valores de referencia de las ganancias del reflejo vestíbulo-ocular del canal semicircular horizontal obtenidas con el v-HIT en población pediátrica sin alteraciones vestibulares. Método Estudio cuantitativo, analítico, no experimental con muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se seleccionaron 39 sujetos entre 5 a 17 años, los cuales cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Resultados El promedio de la ganancia obtenida para el conducto semicircular horizontal derecho fue de 0,93 y para el conducto semicircular izquierdo fue de 1,08. Existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre oídos. No existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los subgrupos de 5 a 10 años y 11 a 17 años. Conclusión La ganancia del reflejo vestíbulo-ocular en población pediátrica se acerca a los valores encontrados en la literatura científica internacional y de la población adulta. El protocolo confeccionado puede orientar a profesionales que están comenzando en la evaluación otoneurológica de esta población.
Lesão com infecção secundária e sequelas graves causadas por um peixe-robalo (Centropomus spp.) em um pescador
Authors: Carvalho Ingredy Eylanne Monroe , Silva Guilherme Vidigal Fernandes da , Haddad Junior Vidal , Wosnick Natascha , Nunes Jorge Luiz Silva
Published: July 2021

Resumo Introdução: ferimentos causados por peixes são comuns entre pescadores e, se não forem adequadamente assistidos, podem levar a complicações significativas. Objetivo: reportar o caso de um pescador que se acidentou com um camurim/robalo (Centropomus spp.) e apresentou infecção secundária com sequelas graves. Métodos: as informações foram obtidas por meio de revisão de prontuários, entrevista com o paciente e registro fotográfico. Resultados: um pescador de 48 anos se acidentou, com a espícula da base da nadadeira do peixe, na falange do quinto quirodáctilo da mão esquerda, apresentando sinais flogísticos em todo o membro. O serviço de saúde não dispunha de condições para identificar o agente da infecção e diferentes antibióticos foram administrados. Sem resultados expressivos, a terapia antibiótica foi suspensa e foi adotado tratamento sintomático. Após 32 dias de hospitalização, o paciente teve alta. No entanto, dois meses após o acidente, a vítima desenvolveu abscesso do membro com limitação de movimentos dos quirodáctilos, necessitando de procedimento cirúrgico. Após o controle da infecção, apresentou sequelas como atrofia muscular, perda parcial de movimento, redução da capacidade motora, sensibilidade local e aparência da mão em garra. Conclusão: lesões causadas por peixes em pescadores podem resultar em consequências graves e irreversíveis e mais atenção deve ser dada ao tema.
Fatores associados ao sofrimento psíquico de agentes penitenciários do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Bezerra Claudia de Magalhães , Assis Simone Gonçalves de , Constantino Patricia , Pires Thiago Oliveira
Published: July 2021

Resumo Objetivos: analisar o sofrimento psíquico de agentes penitenciários do estado do Rio de Janeiro e apontar os fatores a ele associados no âmbito social, destacando o ambiente de trabalho. Métodos: estudo quantitativo e qualitativo. As unidades prisionais foram selecionadas por meio da amostragem estratificada. Utilizou-se a escala de sofrimento psíquico Self-Reported Questionnaire (SRQ20) e uma escala de apoio social. Variáveis explicativas foram relacionadas tanto ao perfil profissional como aos fatores de âmbito social e do trabalho e foram utilizados modelos de regressão logística (stepwise). Resultados: participaram 217 homens e 100 mulheres, em nove unidades prisionais femininas e masculinas. A prevalência de sofrimento psíquico foi de 27,7%, sem diferenças segundo o gênero. Os sintomas mais frequentes foram: dormir mal (53,0%) e sentir-se nervoso, tenso ou agitado (52,0%). Entre os possíveis fatores que propiciam o sofrimento psíquico, estão: relacionamento interpessoal entre agentes e presos; ameaças constantes; superlotação; poucos profissionais e sobrecarga de trabalho. E entre os possíveis fatores protetores, estão: praticar alguma religião; ter apoio social; contar com a compreensão dos colegas; ter o reconhecimento de seu trabalho e relacionar-se bem com superiores. Conclusão: a superlotação e a insalubridade do ambiente trazem consequências negativas para a saúde mental dos trabalhadores; no entanto, formas de apoio social e valorização profissional podem protegê-los.
Prótese auditiva ancorada ao osso percutânea: benefícios auditivos
Authors: Catalani Brenda , Sassi Tyuana Sandim da Silveira , Bucuvic Érika Cristina , Lourençone Luiz Fernando Manzoni , Alvarenga Kátia de Freitas , Brito Neto Rubens Vuono de
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever os benefícios nos limiares auditivos e no desempenho de reconhecimento de sentenças no silêncio e no ruído em indivíduos com a adaptação unilateral do Sistema Ponto®. Métodos Estudo observacional, retrospectivo, de seguimento longitudinal. A casuística foi composta por fontes de dados secundários de dez indivíduos com perda auditiva condutiva ou mista, que foram submetidos à cirurgia com o Sistema Ponto®. Os resultados foram analisados nas seguintes condições: a) pré-cirúrgicas: sem AASI; com AASI por condução aérea ou óssea e com o processador Ponto Pro® acoplado a uma banda elástica; b) pós-cirúrgicas: na ativação e após seis meses de uso. Resultados Os limiares da audiometria tonal por conduções aérea e óssea mantiveram-se estáveis após a cirurgia, enquanto os limiares auditivos em campo livre e o reconhecimento de fala no silêncio e no ruído foram estatisticamente melhores na ativação e após seis meses de uso do Sistema Ponto®. Não houve diferença nos resultados com os indivíduos utilizando o Sistema Ponto® com a banda elástica e após a cirurgia. Conclusão O Sistema Ponto® propiciou benefício nas habilidades auditivas de detecção em todas as frequências testadas, assim como no reconhecimento de sentenças no silêncio e no ruído.
Implicações da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem na prática profissional brasileira
Authors: Santos George Luiz Alves , Sousa Anderson Reis de , Félix Nuno Damácio de Carvalho , Cavalcante Lorena Buti , Valadares Glaucia Valente
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Analisar as implicações da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem na prática profissional brasileira. Estudo teórico e de caráter reflexivo, que elencou como categorias analíticas o marco regulador da sistematização, as implicações na prática profissional, os limites e as possibilidades. Identificou-se nos marcos legais uma evolução da compreensão sobre a Sistematização, o que resultou em atualização na resolução que trata da temática. Ressalta-se que as implicações na prática profissional podem ser elucidadas quando forem melhor compreendidos os conceitos de método, pessoal e instrumentos, os três pilares da Sistematização, uma vez que eles não possuem definições conceituais e operacionais na atual resolução. A falta de clareza conceitual acerca do termo, bem como a escassez de definições conceituais e operacionais de seus pilares e de elementos constituintes, têm dificultado a compreensão da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem, impactando na percepção de sua contribuição à prática profissional, visto que não raramente é utilizada como sinônimo de Processo de Enfermagem. A produção de conhecimento acerca da Sistematização deve considerar seus limites e possibilidades. Dessa forma, contribuindo para a demarcação da produção de conhecimento que seja representativa desse objeto epistemológico.
O acesso à saúde pela população em situação de rua da Avenida Paulista: barreiras e percepções
Authors: Oliveira Micael Almeida de , Boska Gabriella de Andrade , Oliveira Márcia Aparecida Ferreira de , Barbosa Guilherme Correa
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever a percepção de pessoas em situação de rua que permanecem na Avenida Paulista da cidade de São Paulo em relação ao acesso aos dispositivos de saúde da região. Método Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, realizada com 10 pessoas que se encontravam em situação de rua na Avenida Paulista em janeiro de 2019. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, e a análise dos achados se deu pela hermenêutica–dialética. Criaram-se duas categorias de resultados: Serviços de saúde acessados na região pela população em situação de rua; Barreiras de acesso à saúde pela PSR da Avenida Paulista de São Paulo. Este estudo obteve aprovação ética. Resultados A procura por serviços de emergência se dá como a principal porta de entrada para as pessoas em situação de rua da região, e entre as barreiras enfrentadas, o preconceito é colocado como o principal fenômeno. Conclusão É preciso considerar as especificidades dessa população, compreender suas concepções do processo de saúde-doença e suas trajetórias, para que, dessa forma, possa-se aprimorar os serviços e garantir o acesso à saúde deste grupo vulnerável e em crescimento.
Tecnologias para educação em saúde sobre obstrução das vias aéreas por corpo estranho: revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Fabiana Laranjeira da , Galindo Neto Nelson Miguel , Sá Guilherme Guarino de Moura , França Michelline Santos de , Oliveira Paula Marciana Pinheiro de , Grimaldi Monaliza Ribeiro Mariano
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar as tecnologias desenvolvidas para educação em saúde sobre obstrução das vias aéreas. Método Revisão integrativa realizada mediante busca nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science e Scopus. Selecionaram-se estudos originais, sem restrições de tempo e idioma. Os dados foram extraídos por dois pesquisadores independentes e organizados em quadros sinópticos. A integração dos resultados fundamentou-se no método de redução de dados. Resultados Foram incluídos oito artigos, publicados em periódicos nacionais e internacionais, com predominância de estudos metodológicos. As tecnologias evidenciadas foram dos tipos aplicativos, cursos online, animação 3D, cartilha e website. A temática foi abordada entre os conteúdos do Suporte Básico de Vida. Observou-se ausência de tecnologias que abordassem o tema com acessibilidade. Conclusão As tecnologias identificadas eram no formato digital e impresso e possuíam validade de conteúdo e efetividade para utilização na educação e saúde. Ainda assim, há lacuna de estudos que evidenciem tecnologias educacionais específicas sobre obstrução das vias aéreas.
Properties of recycled aggregates from different composition and its influence on concrete strength
Authors: Salgado Fernanda de Andrade , Silva Flávio de Andrade
Published: July 2021

abstract: As a solution to the high depletion of natural resources and huge waste generated by the construction industry, the use of coarse recycled aggregate has become a trend in many countries. The construction and demolition waste is heterogeneous and mostly composed of concrete and masonry debris. The recycling process usually involves not only crushing and screening but also advanced techniques to separate these two fractions. These processes are costly and most frequently ineffective. Although most studies and international standards focused only on recycled concrete aggregate for structural use, it is possible to achieve similar characteristics with mixed recycled aggregates that have a ceramic fraction of up to 20%. This initiative can decrease recycling costs and make it more feasible. Therefore, this work presents an experimental investigation of a Brazilian recycled aggregate, which was separated into three fractions: mixed, concrete, and masonry aggregates. The analyses showed that the mixed recycled aggregate displayed geometric, physical, and mechanical properties similar to the recycled concrete aggregate. In addition, concrete made with 20% of mixed recycled aggregate presented a reduction of only 0.6% in maximum compressive strength and 36.8% in the modulus of elasticity compared with concrete made with the same amount of recycled concrete aggregate.
Pore-size evolution of a hydraulically deposited silty sand due to drying and rewetting
Authors: Hadsari V. , Russell A.R.
Published: July 2021

This study investigates the effects of drying and rewetting on the pore-size distribution in a silty sand. It is shown that drying reduces the void ratio and at the same time alters the pore-size distribution although not with all sizes of pores reducing in volume. As the extent of drying increased the volume fraction of the larger pores increased while the volume fraction of the smaller pores decreased. Subsequent rewetting does not alter or reverse the pore rearrangement in a significant way. Inferred and directly measured soil−water characteristic curves are characterised using fractal theory. Increased drying increases the slopes of scanning curves and reduces air entry and air expulsion suctions. There is no significant change to the fractal dimension of the pore-size distribution. In practice, the drying-induced pore rearrangement could lead to a stability concern, especially for marginally stable soil deposits, as larger pores become greater in number, a change not erased by rewetting, likely making the soil more prone to collapse or liquefaction.
Modeling of the Electromagnetic Characteristics of the Inductor of an Electric Vortex Apparatus in the Comsol Multiphysics Environment
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Lavrentyev Anatoly , Limarenko Nikolay ,   Don State Technical University, Khohlova Christina ,   Don State Technical University
Published: July 2021

Electric vortex devices are a promising solution for intensifying a large number of technological influ-ences. However, depending on the area of application, the efficiency of use depends on a large number of fac-tors which are often difficult to optimize without a simulation model. The article discusses the possibility of modeling of the electromagnetic characteristics of the inductor of a vortex electric apparatus in the Comsol Multiphysics environment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the distribution of magnetic flux in the inductor of a vortex electric apparatus depending on the type of geometry and the level of occupancy of the technologi-cal zone. The object of study is the inductor of a vortex electric apparatus with an unmatched moving part, the subject is the distribution of magnetic flux depending on the type of geometry of working bodies and the level of their occupancy of the technological zone. The simulation of the distribution of the magnetic flux in the in-ductor, depending on the type of the used geometry of the working bodies, as well as the level of their filling of the technological zone was carried out. It was found that the most promising from the energy point of view is the use of spherical working bodies which is explained by the most preferable mass inertial characteristics rela-tive to rod working bodies with displaced centers of mass. The obtained results can represent the initial data for the development of elements of digitalization of the energy characteristics of vortex electrical devices dur-ing their operation in various industries, as well as when creating their simulation models.
Solution of Topical Issues in Theory of Transformers
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk Institute of Railway Transport, Plotnikov Sergey , Kolmakov Оleg ,   Krasnoyarsk Institute of Railway Transport
Published: July 2021

In the article, the authors summarized their experience in solving some controversial issues in the theory of transformers, and briefly outlined the essence of their developments. For power transformers of the TM series, the presence of an excess of the active resistance of the primary winding relative to the reduced active re-sistance of the secondary winding was established. The obtained correction factors, taking into account the electrical skin effect in the windings and their heating, can be used to calculate short-circuit currents and heat distribution in other types of transformers. An expression is given that makes it possible to correct the transfor-mation ratio of one of the transformers connected to parallel operation in such a way that it becomes possible to fully load both devices, despite their different short-circuit voltages. Expressions are presented that make it possible to reveal the ratio of hysteresis and eddy-current losses in the magnetic circuit of a particular trans-former, as well as the exponent with which the losses in the magnetic circuit depend on the frequency of mag-netization reversal. A method is proposed for determining the three components of losses in a magnetic circuit, based on an idle experiment at three frequencies. A method is described for determining the thickness of sheets of a magnetic circuit, at which the total losses in it are minimal, and a method for determining the heating time constant of dry transformers is presented, which makes it possible to accelerate their thermal tests.
Computer Models of Pem Fuel Cells for the Study of Transient Modes in Electrical Power Supply Complexes
Authors:   Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Vasyukov Ivan
Published: July 2021

Static and dynamic computer models of fuel cells are considered. A static model is determined that most ac-curately reproduces the current-voltage characteristic of a real fuel cell. A method for tuning it according to the experimental I - V characteristic by the least squares method is proposed. A method for its adjustment ac-cording to the experimental I - V characteristic by the method of gradient descent is proposed. A modified elec-trical equivalent circuit of a fuel cell has been developed, which simulates its dynamic response, taking into ac-count the damping effect of eddy currents during operation of a stack of fuel cells on a pulse voltage converter. A method is proposed for determining the parameters of the model from the experimental oscillograms of the current and voltage of the stack. A universal model of a stack of fuel cells in LTspice has been developed, which makes it possible to simulate a dynamic response and, if necessary, simulate a real static I – V characteristic of the stack.
COVID-19: Communication Strategies during the Pandemic
Authors:   University of Florence, Italy, Crocchi Serena Camilla
Published: July 2021

The profound cultural and communicational changes brought by internet and social media platforms in the last two decades have had major repercussion in the conceptualization of the world of information and many of its dynamics. In the last decade we have a conspicuous crescent amount of scientific literature focused on social media environments and, consequently, many new fields of application and research studies have spread. Social media platforms possess an accessible democratic nature that opens to everyone the territories once controlled by the mass media, official sources of political parties, organizations, and governmental institutions. In this article we will explore some of these peculiar dynamics and phenomena examining how social media have been involved by and have contributed to constructing the social imaginary and the conceptual frame of the current global pandemic caused by Coronavirus. We will also analyze the use of the war metaphor made by many politicians referring to COVID-19 in order to shape public understanding. We also aim to demonstrate that structural changes in communication, made possible by the digital dimension of social media together with the narrative-subjective approach to the facts have undermined the epistemological basis of truth as a realistic representation of the world. Keywords: communication, COVID-19, fake news, infodemic, post-truth
Policies and Practices of Virtual Communication during Social Isolation of COVID-19
Authors:   The St. Kliment Ohridski Sofia University, Bulgaria, Raycheva Lilia , Velinova Neli ,   The St. Kliment Ohridski Sofia University, Bulgaria, Miteva Nadezhda ,   The St. Kliment Ohridski Sofia University, Bulgaria, Tomov Mariyan ,   The St. Kliment Ohridski Sofia University, Bulgaria
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to drastic changes in people’s lifestyle around the world, incl. those related to the natural way in which individuals interact and communicate. The topic of virtual communication in the context of social isolation during the spread of the new corona virus strain (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated disease COVID-19 is an extremely important scientific problem with paradigmatic dimensions and fundamental consequences for society. As a technologically mediated way of communication, it proved that during a pandemic, the virtual communication is the only alternative to traditional face-to-face communication, and its use was inevitable to partially or completely overcome the social restrictions imposed. In order to examine some of the effects of virtual communication during the social isolation, an academic research team from the Faculty of Journalism and Mass Communication at The St. Kliment Ohridsky Sofia University of Bulgaria undertook a study in the declared two month’s period (13.03.–13.05.2020) of the state of national emergency in the country. The researchers conducted a three-folded study: on the sociological polls and the media coverage during the pandemics; on the impacts of virtual communication during the social isolation; and on the activities of the telecommunication industry in Bulgaria. The results of the effects of virtual communication in social isolation were indicative. Keywords: COVID-19, virtual communication, social isolation, media, telecommunications
How to Decode Gestures and Facial Expressions in Thai TV Drama for Audio Description
Authors:   University of York, UK, Sueroj Kulnaree
Published: July 2021

The Thai Audio Description (AD) Policy for television was officially published in 2016, but its practical implementation has been slow. A salient limitation is the lack of knowledge and research feeding into the creation of AD guidelines. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to focus on the AD strategies for television drama by studying how to communicate the meaning of gestures and facial expressions of characters to visually impaired audiences. Most of the themes in the television drama relate to human emotions, and people express their emotions through gestures and facial expressions. The difficulties of describing gestures and facial expressions audially are due to the complexities of cluster of physical actions. The concept of creating a character, the functional discourse of AD and the concept of gestures and facial expressions are applied to the textual analysis of the sample clips and their scripts. The methods used include three steps to decode gestures and facial expressions in order to select the key visuals to be described in the AD scripts. The first step is that, the entire scene must be divided into small parts, taking emotional changes into account. Secondly, to identify the functions of the audio description and finally to analyse the sequences of physical actions of the gestures and facial expressions, which represent the intent of the communication. These results suggest that the audio describer should not use a single strategy for all cases and the selection strategy of AD depends on four key conditions which were: 1. the sound gap length; 2. the appropriate position for the insertion of the AD; 3. the number of words used in AD writing must not affect the optimal speed of the description; and 4. the genre of the TV drama. Further research should study on how Thais people with visual impairment perceive gestures and facial expressions. Keywords: audio description, gestures, facial expressions, emotions, television drama, sight loss, disability, accessibility
“Hush, Girl! Don’t Share Your Family Troubles with the Outside World”
Authors:   Gen. Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Sri Lanka, Ranmuthugala M. E. P.
Published: July 2021

Domestic abuse is a significant problem in Sri Lanka with government statistics showing that 17% of ever-married women between the ages of 15 to 49 have experienced some form of domestic abuse. However, this number could be higher in reality, given the prevalence of physical and emotional abuse in situations where partners live together without being married, in situations where the woman is under 15 years of age (Sri Lanka has a 2% child marriage rate), and due to low self-reportage. Although Sri Lankans can only be married after they reach 18 years of age, the war and economic conditions have resulted in a high number of child marriages in recent times. In this paper, I look at two main questions: What is the correlation between child marriage and the beginning of abuse? What is the correlation between pregnancy and the beginning of abuse? The paper draws from desk research. The paper looks only at physical abuse: It is acknowledged that the arena of emotional abuse was recognized only in 2005 after the Prevention of Domestic Violence Act was introduced in 2005 and that even now, such abuse is not given the prominence it deserves in conversations on domestic abuse. However, it was not possible in this research to examine emotional abuse due to time and resource constraints and also because even today the aspect of domestic physical abuse is also not accepted as a problem in Sri Lanka. Keywords: Domestic abuse; intimate partner violence; silencing women in intimate partnerships, child marriages, marital rape
Effect of Anthropogenic Factors on the Ecosystem of the Yenisei River Anabranch within the City of Krasnoyarsk
Authors: Kravchuk Elena S.
Published: July 2021

In recent decades, freshwater ecosystems have regularly experienced blooms of green algae (green tides), causing environmental and economic damage. Blooms of green alga Spirogyra sp. occur in the ‘Abakanskaya’ anabranch of the Yenisei River in summer months. The anabranch is influenced by several anthropogenic factors: construction of a dam in the upper reaches; heated water discharge from a thermal power plant; fish farming. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of anthropogenic factors on the ecosystem of the Abakanskaya anabranch and to identify the main factors favoring Spirogyra sp. blooms. Samples were taken in May-September 2018-2019 at four sites: 1 – upstream of the dam (control), 2 – downstream of the dam, 3 – near the point of heated water discharge, 4 – downstream of the fish farm. Physical and chemical parameters, biomass and species composition of phytoplankton, phytoperiphyton, zooplankton, zoobenthos, and higher water plants, gross primary production (GPP), nitrogen content in biomass of periphyton, higher plants, and zoobenthos were studied. The main factor that caused changes in the community was that there was no water flow in the anabranch because of the low capacity of the dam drainage pipes. While upstream of the dam most ecosystem features were within the limits typical for this part of the Yenisei River, downstream of the dam, the system seemed to change from lotic to lentic: percentage of motile forms of phytoplankton, biomass of zooplankton, percentage of true zooplankton species, taxon number and taxonomic diversity of zooplankton and zoobenthos became higher; phytoperiphyton primary production rose (because of Spirogyra sp. bloom); higher water plants thrived. The other investigated factors, namely, thermal, nutrient, and organic pollution evidently produced combined effect on the ecosystem because of the absence of water flow, and their specific effects were not obvious
Rheological Properties of PVDF Solutions
Authors: Damdinov Bair B.
Published: July 2021

The rheological properties of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solutions in Nmethylpyrrolidone were studied using the rheometric method. It was shown that the viscosity of polymer solutions decreases non-linearly with increasing temperature. The viscosity of the N-methylpyrrolidone used as solvent remains practically unchanged. It was shown that solutions exhibit Newtonian behaviour at concentrations less than 7 wt.%. At higher concentrations, solutions exhibit properties of pseudoplastic fluid
Delta-extremal Functions in Cn
Authors: Narzillaev Nurbek Kh.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to properties of a weighted Green function. We study the (δ, ψ)- extremal Green function V ∗ δ (z,K, ψ) defined by the class Lδ = { u(z) ∈ psh(Cn) : u(z) 6 Cu + δ ln+ |z|, z ∈ Cn} , δ > 0. We see that the notion of regularity of points with respect to different numbers δ differ from each other. Nevertheless, we prove that if a compact set K ⊂ Cn is regular, then δ-extremal function is continuous in the whole space Cn
Heat Pipe System as a Component of Spacecraft Electronics
Authors: Sokolov Nikita Yu. , Kulagin Vladimir A. , Nesterov Dmitry A.
Published: July 2021

We report on the results of optimizing a single flat heat pipe into an arrangement of heat pipes. A comparison is drawn at the same temperatures and occupied volumes and for a specific maximum temperature of radio-electronic devices. The end result of our studies is that the limiting heat transfer capacity has been found for a single heat pipe and two- and three-level heat pipe assemblies with various heat transfer media. Versatility of the mathematical model enhanced by the optimization method has been proved
Hydraulic Calculations of Earthen Channels for Reconstruction
Authors: Khazratov Alisher N.
Published: July 2021

The problems in the design, operation, and reconstruction of earthen channels analyzed on the example of Mirishkor canal. The need for a new approach to the reconstruction have been defined using the results of field study and HEC-RAS modelling software. Recommendations are given for improving the hydraulic calculation of irrigation canals
Operational tests of an electrostatic precipitator reducing low dust Indexed by: emission from solid fuels combustion
Authors: Machnik Ryszard , Więckowski Łukasz
Published: July 2021

The article presents the continuation of the research aimed at designing, manufacturing and selecting the operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator for household applications. The tests were carried out in the laboratory and real conditions. The object of the
research was a pre-production prototype of the electrostatic precipitator installed in the flue gas duct of a single-family building. The source of exhaust gases was a coal-fired, low-temperature water heating boiler with a nominal power of 21 kW (old generation boiler-year of production: 2007). The obtained results showed that the adopted design of the electrostatic precipitator enables the reduction of dust emissions generated in the combustion of solid fuels in households at relatively low operating costs.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Tükenmişlik ve Yaşam Tatmini: KSÜ Öğrencileri Üzerine bir Çalışma
Authors: MACİT Mustafa
Published: July 2021

Toplumun bütün kesimleri gibi üniversite öğrencileri de tükenmişlik problemine maruz kalmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin tükenmişlik ve yaşam tatmin düzeylerini ve aralarındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymaktır. Kesitsel olarak tasarlanan bu çalışmaya 475 üniversite öğrencisi katkıda bulunmuşlardır. Analizler öğrencilerin tükenmişlik algılarının yüksek buna karşın yaşam tatmin düzeylerinin düşük olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmanın temel bulgusu öğrencilerin tükenme ve duyarsızlaşma algılarının yaşam tatmini ile negatif yönlü anlamlı, buna karşın yetkinlik algılarının yaşam tatmini ile pozitif yönlü olduğu ilişkisidir. Ayrıca son sınıf öğrencilerinin algıladıkları tükenmişlik düzeyinin yüksekliği, yine anne ve babanın eğitim düzeylerinin yükselmesi ile yaşam tatminin olumlu etkilendiği diğer önemli bir bulgular arasındadır. Sonuçlar literatür bağlamında yorumlanmış ve araştırmanın kısıtları ve önerilere değinilerek çalışma sonuçlandırılmıştır.
Stochastic Comparisons of the Smallest Claim Amounts from Two Sets of Independent Portfolios
Authors: Nadeb Hossein , Torabi Hamzeh
Published: July 2021

The aim of this paper is detecting the ordering properties of the smallest claim amounts arising from two sets of independent heterogeneous portfolios in insurance. First, we prove a general theorem that it presents some sufficient conditions in the sense of the hazard rate ordering to compare the smallest claim amounts from two batches of independent heterogeneous portfolios. Then, we show that the exponentiated scale model as a famous model and the Harris family satisfy the sufficient conditions of the proven general theorem. Also, to illustrate our results, some used models in actuary are numerically applied.