bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Gender, Change of Base of Support, and Visual Deprivation on Postural Balance Control in Young, Healthy Subjects
Authors: Ghram Amine , Abidi Sirine , Ben Abdessamie Amal , Weiss Katja , Dammak Mohamed , Jribi Salma , Yahia Abdelmoneem , Ghroubi Sameh , Elleuch Mohamed Habib , Knechtle Beat
Published: May 2022

Background: Vision, vestibular sense, proprioception and muscle strength are required to maintain balance. However, gender could also play a crucial role in postural sway. Objectives: This study was used to examine (i) the impact of gender, surface type, and vision on postural sway; (ii) the effects of gender and vision on the limb symmetry of postural sway; and (iii) to understand the effects of gender, stance, surface type and vision on the alterations of dynamic postural sway alterations. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in which young, healthy men (n = 15) and women (n = 12) underwent a balance control assessment using a force plate (SATEL, 40 Hz). Postural stances were evaluated in different conditions: Opened eyes (EO) and closed eyes (EC), on different surface foam vs. firm, a dominant leg stance (DL) vs. a non-dominant leg stance (NDL), and a mediolateral stance (ML) vs. an anteroposterior stance (AP). The mediolateral sway (ML sway), anteroposterior sway (AP sway), and sway area were calculated from the centre of pressure displacements. Results: ML sway, AP sway and sway area increased when eyes were closed (P < 0.000). Foam surface perturbs balance control more than firm surface under EO and EC conditions for both genders, as observed in the AP sway curve (P < 0.000). A functional symmetry exists between the DL and NDL for all sway parameters: The ML sway, AP sway, and sway area (P = 0.720; P = 0.292; P = 0.954). The AP stance is more stable for the ML sway than the ML stance for both genders (P < 0.001). For the AP sway, the ML stance is more stable than the AP sway AP direction stance for both genders (P < 0.001). Women were significantly more stable than men in the ML stance when vision was absent (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Postural sway was altered more significantly on a foam surface than on a firm surface and symmetry between the DL and NDL was observed. Furthermore, we concluded that women have better dynamic balance control than men.
Evaluation of Formulated Herbal Syrup (Containing Fennel, Anise, and Celery) on the Letrozole-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Model
Authors: Khosrowpour Zeynab , Fahimi Shirin , Faizi Mehrdad , Shaaban Zahra , Tansaz Mojgan , Sahranavard Shamim
Published: May 2022

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder associated with irregular menstrual cycles, hyperandrogenism, obesity, and reduced fertility. Objectives: The present study aimed to formulate herbal syrup based on Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) and evaluate its effect on the letrozole-induced PCOS model in female rats. Methods: The herbal syrup contains anise, fennel, and celery seed extracts. Five different formulations were made with different percentages of additive components. Quality control and stability tests were performed on the selected formulation. During the in vivo step, 6 groups of rats were evaluated: The control group (received carboxymethyl cellulose 1% as a vehicle) and the other 5 groups (received letrozole 1 mg/kg orally for 21 days). During 21 days, daily vaginal smears were examined to detect irregularities of the estrous cycle. After induction of PCOS, rats were orally administered with herbal syrup (1, 2, 4 mL/kg) or metformin (200 mg/kg) for 28 days. Moreover, body and ovarian weights, serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone were measured. Finally, ovarian tissues were isolated for histological examination. Results: The best formulation of the syrup contained the plant extract (totally 10%), sugar (50%), sodium benzoate (0.1%), and potassium sorbate (0.1%). Body weight was significantly increased in all groups compared to the control group, and after treatment, a significant weight reduction was seen in the metformin and 1-mL/kg dose group. Following PCOS induction, ovary weight was significantly increased, while after treatment, it showed a significant decrease. After 21 days of letrozole administration, induction of PCOS was confirmed by the irregularities in estrous cycles and an increase in testosterone and LH levels. After treatments with the syrup, LH levels significantly decreased in all groups (P < 0.05), and serum testosterone and FSH levels significantly decreased in the 2-mL/kg dose group compared to the PCOS group (P < 0.05). Estradiol and progesterone levels significantly increased in the treatment groups in a dose-dependent manner. Histological studies of metformin and herbal syrup groups exhibited normal follicular development with fewer and smaller cystic follicles compared to the PCOS group. Conclusions: The herbal syrup made from anise, fennel, and celery seed extracts improved serum levels of sex hormones, recovered the ovarian morphology in PCOS-induced rats, and can be a good candidate for further clinical trials.
Workforce framework for cybersecurity (NICE Framework) (Ukranian translation)
Authors: Petersen Rodney , Santos Danielle , Smith Matthew C , Wetzel Karen A , Witte Greg
Published: May 2022

This publication describes the National Initiative for Cybersecurity Education (NICE) Cybersecurity Workforce Framework (NICE Framework), a reference structure that describes the interdisciplinary nature of the cybersecurity work. It serves as a fundamental reference resource for describing and sharing information about cybersecurity work and the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) needed to complete tasks that can strengthen the cybersecurity posture of an organization. As a common, consistent lexicon that categorizes and describes cybersecurity work, the NICE Framework improves communication about how to identify, recruit, develop, and retain cybersecurity talent. The NICE Framework is a reference source from which organizations or sectors can develop additional publications or tools that meet their needs to define or provide guidance on different aspects of cybersecurity workforce development, planning, training, and education.
Perspectiva histórica de los estudios de la traducción de la literatura para niños y jóvenes
Authors: Marcelo Wirnitzer Gisela , Pascua Febles Isabel
Published: May 2022

Los Estudios de Traducción de Literatura para Niños y Jóvenes han experimentado una clara evolución desde sus planteamientos iniciales y han ofrecido múltiples estudios centrados especialmente en el destinatario de la traducción, en su pertenencia a sistemas literarios rígidos, en las diferencias culturales entre los sistemas originales y meta, etc., así como en problemas de traducción concretos que se suman a la rápida evolución y diversificación del sistema literario infantil en muchos países que ofrecen nuevas opciones de estudio. Por estas razones, esta introducción ofrece una visión panorámica de los planteamientos y aspectos más relevantes que han marcado el desarrollo de estos estudios.
Visualizing Chinese nursery rhymes in contemporary picturebooks: a multimodal perspective
Authors: Chen Xi
Published: May 2022

This study investigates how Chinese nursery rhymes are visualized in contemporary picturebooks from a multimodal perspective. The data for case analysis are selected from three Chinese rhyming picturebooks. Based on Jakobson’s (1959) typology of translation, this study regards picturebooks as multimodal texts and examines the adaptation of Chinese nursery rhymes into contemporary picturebooks as a process of intralingual and intersemiotic translations. It first analyzes the modern adaptations of traditional Chinese nursery rhymes in the verbal texts and then discusses the text-image interactions in picturebooks to explore the intersemiotic translation from the verbal to the visual. The research results indicate that the didactical function or political implication of traditional Chinese nursery rhymes is usually weakened or omitted in the intralingual translation, while more creative and amusing narrative rhymes are adapted to tailor for contemporary children’s hobbies and lifestyle. Besides, in the intersemiotic translation between texts and images in picturebooks, flexible and varied methods are employed according to different text-image interplays.
Islám: hledání cesty k zítřku
Authors:   Univerzita Karlova, Husitská teologická fakulta, Katedra religionistiky, Pacovská 350/4, 140 21 Praha 4., Kropáček Luboš
Published: May 2022

Since the mid-20th century, the spectacular population growth and social changes in Asian and African countries have comprised rising efforts in their Muslim communities to take an active and beneficial part in the ongoing or intended transformations. Without omitting negative features, our essay tries to comprehend main trends in thoughts and social activities of contemporary Muslims. Mentions are made of the role of the OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation, 57 Member States) and various international initiatives. In special chapters, most attention is paid to the present-day situation and differences in the Arab countries (in particular in Saudi Arabia and in Qatar). As more open and kind religious approaches than what the Saudis call „soft“, our essay mentions Indonesian Nahdatul Ulama or, in the interreligious perspective, the dialogue between current Grand Imam of Al-Azhar Sheikh Ahmad Al-Tayyib and Pope Francis.
Asimilační politika Číny v ujgurské oblasti Sin-ťiang (China’s Assimilation Policy in the Uyghur Region of Xinjiang)
Authors:   Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., United States ICC – Edward B. Bunn S. J. Intercultural Center 610, Millward James A.
Published: May 2022

The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) policies in Xinjiang since 2017 have imprisoned some 300,000 and interned approximately a million more indigenous non-Han central Asians in educational transformation camps; razed or damaged thousands of mosques, shrines, and old neighborhoods; actively suppressed indigenous birth rates far below Han levels; illegalized core elements of Uyghur and Islamic culture; and pushed tens of thousands of non-Han adults into forced factory labor and children into state institutions. The revelation of these policies has contributed to the worst crisis for foreign policy in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) since 1989. Moreover, because the CCP requires declarations of loyal support from citizens and officials for its Xinjiang policies, this also comprises a Cultural Revolution–type domestic crisis in which no one can say no to a dictatorial leader despite the clearly destructive nature of that leader’s policies.
Has Mexico drained the swamp?
Authors: Camps Salvador Peniche
Published: May 2022

In the second decade of the 21st century, Mexico has found itself at a crucial juncture. The challenges faced by the nation, both in domestic and international contexts present a unique historical moment requiring innovative ideas on how to respond to issues such as the economic disaster
and the socioenvironmental crisis. The objective of this article is to provide an interpretation of the Mexican government’s program (the 4th transformation or IVT), two years after the electoral victory of President Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO).
Postcards That Tell a Story: Life Routines at the Lodz Ghetto, Poland
Authors: Ben Yishai Shlomit , Davidovitch Nitza , Dorot Ruth
Published: May 2022

This study explores postcards written in the Lodz Ghetto, which serve as a source of knowledge about their historical context. The postcards, by their very nature, reflect the social, demographic, and psychological processes among the ghetto inhabitants during their years of forced
habitation. Postcards were found to be a primary source of information and an outstanding historical testament to that which occurred, moment by moment, at the time they were written. The study charts them by means of two extensive catalogues: The first is the “Catalogue of years”,
which examines the historical events in the Lodz Ghetto from 1940-1945, as they appear in “The Chronicle of the Lodz Ghetto” versus their reflection or lack of reflection in the postcards. The second catalogue is the “Catalogue of postcards”, which presents a wide and
detailed review of all the topics emerging from the postcards, relating to events in the ghetto by the chronological order in which they were written and sent, as a point of departure for their analysis. It is evident from the research findings that the postcards constitute, on one hand, an
authentic and reliable source of information, while on the other they also present personal aspects, as much as permitted and possible. As a result, and through that written on them, it is possible to glean additional primary information on events in the ghetto in those days, in addition to
the testimonies provided by letters and diaries. In this study, the life and conduct of the ghetto inhabitants are revealed through the most concise means ‐ the postcard, where that inscribed exposes us to human conduct conveying feelings, concerns, longing that emerged together with
the need for the human existence and survival of people, their family, and community, in grave and fateful times. The research findings might have practical implications for commemoration of the Holocaust, for teaching, guidance, and learning, and for exposing mediators of the Holocaust to
this unique cognitive, emotional, and ethical authentic source of knowledge. The postcards serve as an educational tool for preserving and imparting historical memory.
Neurolinguistics
Authors: Baggio Giosuè
Published: May 2022

An accessible introduction to the study of language in the brain, covering language processing, language acquisition, literacy, and language disorders.

Neurolinguistics, the study of language in the brain, describes the anatomical structures (networks of neurons in the brain) and physiological processes (ways for these networks to be active) that allow humans to learn and use one or more languages. It draws on neuroscience, linguistics—particularly theoretical linguistics—and other disciplines. In this volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series, Giosuè Baggio offers an accessible introduction to the fundamentals of neurolinguistics, covering language processing, language acquisition, literacy, and speech and language disorders.

Baggio first surveys the evolution of the field, describing discoveries by Paul Broca, Carl Wernicke, Noam Chomsky, and others. He discusses mapping language in “brain time” and “brain space” and the constraints of neurolinguistic models. Considering language acquisition, he explains that a child is never a “blank slate”: infants and young children are only able to acquire specific aspects of language in specific stages of cognitive development. He addresses the neural consequences of bilingualism; literacy, discussing how forms of visual language in the brain differ from forms of auditory language; aphasia and the need to understand language disorders in behavioral, functional, and neuroanatomical terms; neurogenetics of language; and the neuroethology of language, tracing the origins of the neural and behavioral building blocks of human linguistic communication to the evolution of avian, mammalian, and primate brains.
Rescue of behavioral and electrophysiological phenotypes in a Pitt-Hopkins syndrome mouse model by genetic restoration of Tcf4 expression
Authors: Kim Hyojin , Gao Eric B , Draper Adam , Berens Noah C , Vihma Hanna , Zhang Xinyuan , Higashi-Howard Alexandra , Ritola Kimberly D , Simon Jeremy M , Kennedy Andrew J , Philpot Benjamin D
Published: May 2022

Pitt-Hopkins syndrome (PTHS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by monoallelic mutation or deletion in the transcription factor 4 (TCF4) gene. Individuals with PTHS typically present in the first year of life with developmental delay and exhibit intellectual disability, lack of speech, and motor incoordination. There are no effective treatments available for PTHS, but the root cause of the disorder, TCF4 haploinsufficiency, suggests that it could be treated by normalizing TCF4 gene expression. Here, we performed proof-of-concept viral gene therapy experiments using a conditional Tcf4 mouse model of PTHS and found that postnatally reinstating Tcf4 expression in neurons improved anxiety-like behavior, activity levels, innate behaviors, and memory. Postnatal reinstatement also partially corrected EEG abnormalities, which we characterized here for the first time, and the expression of key TCF4-regulated genes. Our results support a genetic normalization approach as a treatment strategy for PTHS, and possibly other TCF4-linked disorders.
Inflammatory response in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells triggered by activating SHP2 mutations evokes blood defects
Authors: Solman Maja , Blokzijl-Franke Sasja , Piques Florian , Yan Chuan , Yang Qiqi , Strullu Marion , Kamel Sarah M , Ak Pakize , Bakkers Jeroen , Langenau David M , Cavé Hélène , den Hertog Jeroen
Published: May 2022

Gain-of-function mutations in the protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 are the most frequently occurring mutations in sporadic juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) and JMML-like myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) associated with Noonan syndrome (NS). Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are the disease propagating cells of JMML. Here, we explored transcriptomes of HSPCs with SHP2 mutations derived from JMML patients and a novel NS zebrafish model. In addition to major NS traits, CRISPR/Cas9 knock-in Shp2D61G mutant zebrafish recapitulated a JMML-like MPN phenotype, including myeloid lineage hyperproliferation, ex vivo growth of myeloid colonies, and in vivo transplantability of HSPCs. Single-cell mRNA sequencing of HSPCs from Shp2D61G zebrafish embryos and bulk sequencing of HSPCs from JMML patients revealed an overlapping inflammatory gene expression pattern. Strikingly, an anti-inflammatory agent rescued JMML-like MPN in Shp2D61G zebrafish embryos. Our results indicate that a common inflammatory response was triggered in the HSPCs from sporadic JMML patients and syndromic NS zebrafish, which potentiated MPN and may represent a future target for JMML therapies.
An epithelial signalling centre in sharks supports homology of tooth morphogenesis in vertebrates
Authors: Thiery Alexandre P , Standing Ariane SI , Cooper Rory L , Fraser Gareth J
Published: May 2022

Development of tooth shape is regulated by the enamel knot signalling centre, at least in mammals. Fgf signalling regulates differential proliferation between the enamel knot and adjacent dental epithelia during tooth development, leading to formation of the dental cusp. The presence of an enamel knot in non-mammalian vertebrates is debated given differences in signalling. Here, we show the conservation and restriction of fgf3, fgf10, and shh to the sites of future dental cusps in the shark (Scyliorhinus canicula), whilst also highlighting striking differences between the shark and mouse. We reveal shifts in tooth size, shape, and cusp number following small molecule perturbations of canonical Wnt signalling. Resulting tooth phenotypes mirror observed effects in mammals, where canonical Wnt has been implicated as an upstream regulator of enamel knot signalling. In silico modelling of shark dental morphogenesis demonstrates how subtle changes in activatory and inhibitory signals can alter tooth shape, resembling developmental phenotypes and cusp shapes observed following experimental Wnt perturbation. Our results support the functional conservation of an enamel knot-like signalling centre throughout vertebrates and suggest that varied tooth types from sharks to mammals follow a similar developmental bauplan. Lineage-specific differences in signalling are not sufficient in refuting homology of this signalling centre, which is likely older than teeth themselves.
History-dependent physiological adaptation to lethal genetic modification under antibiotic exposure
Authors: Koganezawa Yuta , Umetani Miki , Sato Moritoshi , Wakamoto Yuichi
Published: May 2022

Genetic modifications, such as gene deletion and mutations, could lead to significant changes in physiological states or even cell death. Bacterial cells can adapt to diverse external stresses, such as antibiotic exposure, but can they also adapt to detrimental genetic modification? To address this issue, we visualized the response of individual Escherichia coli cells to deletion of the antibiotic resistance gene under chloramphenicol (Cp) exposure, combining the light-inducible genetic recombination and microfluidic long-term single-cell tracking. We found that a significant fraction (∼40%) of resistance-gene-deleted cells demonstrated a gradual restoration of growth and stably proliferated under continuous Cp exposure without the resistance gene. Such physiological adaptation to genetic modification was not observed when the deletion was introduced in 10 hr or more advance before Cp exposure. Resistance gene deletion under Cp exposure disrupted the stoichiometric balance of ribosomal large and small subunit proteins (RplS and RpsB). However, the balance was gradually recovered in the cell lineages with restored growth. These results demonstrate that bacterial cells can adapt even to lethal genetic modifications by plastically gaining physiological resistance. However, the access to the resistance states is limited by the environmental histories and the timings of genetic modification.
Role of anterior insula cortex in context-induced relapse of nicotine-seeking
Authors: Ghareh Hussein , Alonso-Lozares Isis , Schetters Dustin , Herman Rae J , Heistek Tim S , Van Mourik Yvar , Jean-Richard-dit-Bressel Philip , Zernig Gerald , Mansvelder Huibert D , De Vries Taco J , Marchant Nathan J
Published: May 2022

Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide, and relapse during abstinence remains the critical barrier to successful treatment of tobacco addiction. During abstinence, environmental contexts associated with nicotine use can induce craving and contribute to relapse. The insular cortex (IC) is thought to be a critical substrate of nicotine addiction and relapse. However, its specific role in context-induced relapse of nicotine-seeking is not fully known. In this study, we report a novel rodent model of context-induced relapse to nicotine-seeking after punishment-imposed abstinence, which models self-imposed abstinence through increasing negative consequences of excessive drug use. Using the neuronal activity marker Fos we find that the anterior (aIC), but not the middle or posterior IC, shows increased activity during context-induced relapse. Combining Fos with retrograde labeling of aIC inputs, we show projections to aIC from contralateral aIC and basolateral amygdala exhibit increased activity during context-induced relapse. Next, we used fiber photometry in aIC and observed phasic increases in aIC activity around nicotine-seeking responses during self-administration, punishment, and the context-induced relapse tests. Next, we used chemogenetic inhibition in both male and female rats to determine whether activity in aIC is necessary for context-induced relapse. We found that chemogenetic inhibition of aIC decreased context-induced nicotine-seeking after either punishment- or extinction-imposed abstinence. These findings highlight the critical role nicotine-associated contexts play in promoting relapse, and they show that aIC activity is critical for this context-induced relapse following both punishment and extinction-imposed abstinence.
IRimage: open source software for processing images from infrared thermal cameras
Authors: Pereyra Irujo Gustavo
Published: May 2022

IRimage aims at increasing throughput, accuracy and reproducibility of results obtained from thermal images, especially those produced with affordable, consumer-oriented cameras. IRimage processes thermal images, extracting raw data and calculating temperature values with an open and fully documented algorithm, making this data available for further processing using image analysis software. It also allows the making of reproducible measurements of the temperature of objects in a series of images, and produce visual outputs (images and videos) suitable for scientific reporting. IRimage is implemented in a scripting language of the scientific image analysis software ImageJ, allowing its use through a graphical user interface and also allowing for an easy modification or expansion of its functionality. IRimage’s results were consistent with those of standard software for 15 camera models of the most widely used brand. An example use case is also presented, in which IRimage was used to efficiently process hundreds of thermal images to reveal subtle differences in the daily pattern of leaf temperature of plants subjected to different soil water contents. IRimage’s functionalities make it better suited for research purposes than many currently available alternatives, and could contribute to making affordable consumer-grade thermal cameras useful for reproducible research.
Effects of fire disturbance on species and functional compositions vary with tree sizes in a tropical dry forest
Authors: Kaewsong Kanokporn , Chang-Yang Chia-Hao , Bunyavejchewin Sarayudh , Kraichak Ekaphan , Yang Jie , Sun Zhenhua , Zhang Caicai , Li Wenfei , Lin Luxiang , Sun I-Fang
Published: May 2022

Background

Disturbances are crucial in determining forest biodiversity, dynamics, and ecosystem functions. Surface fire is a significant disturbance in tropical forests, but research on the effect of surface fire on structuring species and functional composition in a community through time remains scarce. Using a 20-year dataset of tree demography in a seasonal evergreen tropical forest in Thailand, we specifically addressed two essential questions: (1) What is the pattern of temporal turnover in species and functional composition in a community with frequent fire disturbance? (2) How did the temporal turnover vary with tree size?

Methods

We analyzed species compositional and functional temporal turnovers in four different tree size classes among five tree censuses. We quantified species turnover by calculating Bray-Curtis dissimilarity, and investigated its underlying mechanisms by comparing pairwise dissimilarity of functional traits with simulations from null models. If fire disturbances contribute more to a stochastic process, the functional composition would display a random pattern. However, if they contribute more towards a deterministic process, the functional composition should reveal a non-random pattern.

Results

Over 20 years (1994–2014), we observed changes in species composition, whereas functional composition remained relatively stable. The temporal turnover patterns of species and functional compositions varied with tree sizes. In particular, temporal functional turnover shifted very little for large trees, suggesting that changes in species composition of larger trees are contributed by species with similar functional traits through time. The temporal functional composition turnovers of smaller trees (DBH ≤ 5 cm) were mostly at random. We detected a higher functional turnover than expected by null models in some quadrats throughout the 50-ha study plot, and their observed turnover varied with diameter classes.

Conclusions

Species compositional changes were caused by changes in the abundance of species with similar functional traits through time. Temporal functional turnover in small trees was random in most quadrats, suggesting that the recruits came from the equal proportions of surviving trees and new individuals of fast-growing species, which increased rapidly after fires. On the other hand, functional composition in big trees was more likely determined by surviving trees which maintained higher functional similarities than small trees through time. Fire disturbance is important for ecosystem functions, as changing forest fire frequency may alter forest turnover, particularly in functional composition in the new recruits of this forest.
Evaluating acoustic signals to reduce avian collision risk
Authors: Thady Robin G. , Emerson Lauren C. , Swaddle John P.
Published: May 2022

Collisions with human-made structures are responsible for billions of bird deaths each year, resulting in ecological damage as well as regulatory and financial burdens to many industries. Acoustic signals can alert birds to obstacles in their flight paths in order to mitigate collisions, but these signals should be tailored to the sensory ecology of birds in flight as the effectiveness of various acoustic signals potentially depends on the influence of background noise and the relative ability of various sound types to propagate within a landscape. We measured changes in flight behaviors from zebra finches released into a flight corridor containing a physical obstacle, either in no-additional-sound control conditions or when exposed to one of four acoustic signals. We selected signals to test two frequency ranges (4–6 kHz or 6–8 kHz) and two temporal modulation patterns (broadband or frequency-modulated oscillating) to determine whether any particular combination of sound attributes elicited the strongest collision avoidance behaviors. We found that, relative to control flights, all sound treatments caused birds to maintain a greater distance from hazards and to adjust their flight trajectories before coming close to obstacles. There were no statistical differences among different sound treatments, but consistent trends within the data suggest that the 4–6 kHz frequency-modulated oscillating signal elicited the strongest avoidance behaviors. We conclude that a variety of acoustic signals can be effective as avian collision deterrents, at least in the context in which we tested these birds. These results may be most directly applicable in scenarios when birds are at risk of collisions with solid structures, such as wind turbines and communication towers, as opposed to window collisions or collisions involving artificial lighting. We recommend the incorporation of acoustic signals into multimodal collision deterrents and demonstrate the value of using behavioral data to assess collision risk.
Different pruning level effects on flowering period and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum
Authors: Zhang Damao , Cai Wenqi , Zhang Xia , Li Weidong , Zhou Yi , Chen Yaqian , Mi Qiulin , Jin Lanting , Xu Lu , Yu Xiaoying , Li Yanlin
Published: May 2022

“Pruning” is a simple and efficient way to control the flowering period, but it is rarely used in perennial woody ornamental plants. In this paper, Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum was pruned in different degrees, and the relationship between pruning intensity and flowering number, and flowering time and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were compared. After statistics, it was found that pruning could advance blossoms of L. chinense var. rubrum; also, light and heavy cutting could both obtain a larger number of flowers. In addition, through correlation analysis, it was found that during the flowering period, the Rfd parameter of the unpruned treatment had a very significant positive correlation with the number of flowers FN, which was 0.81. In other pruning treatment groups, Rfd and FN also presented a certain positive correlation, indicating that the Rfd parameter can be used to predict the number of flowers during the flowering process of L. chinense var. rubrum. The research results provided a new idea for the regulation of the flowering period of L. chinense var. rubrum and other woody ornamental plants and laid the foundation for the diversified application of L. chinense var. rubrum.
According to the Theorists, The Depic of the Kürdîlihicazkâr Maqam and the Analysis of the Saz Works Composed in This Maqam
Authors: Nevra KÖROĞLU Gamze , KULA Arda
Published: May 2022

Çalışmanın konusunu 19, 20 ve 21. yüzyıllar arasında yaşamış olan Türk Müziği kuramcılarının nazariyat kitaplarında yer verdikleri Kürdîlihicazkâr makamı tarifleri ile yine aynı yüzyıllar gözetilerek Kürdîlihicazkâr makamında bestelenmiş
olan peşrevlerin karşılaştırmalı analizi oluşturmaktadır. Bu amaçla T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı Güzel Sanatlar Genel Müdürlüğü Cumhurbaşkanlığı Klasik Türk Müziği Korosu nota arşivinde yer alan 13 adet peşrevin birinci hane
ve teslim bölümleri örneklem olarak seçilmiş ve Mus2 nota yazım programı kullanılarak notaya alınmıştır. Örneklem kapsamına alınan peşrevlerin birinci hane ve teslim bölümlerinin değerlendirilmesi; makamın dizisi ve seyir anlayışı
göz önüne alınarak yapılmıştır. Bu anlamda yapılan içerik analizlerinde eserler ölçü bazında incelenerek müzik cümlesi oluşturacak şekilde ele alınmış ardından bu cümleler içerisinde yer alan makam dizisi, çeşni ve çeşnisiz asma
kalışlar belirlenmiş ve Kürdîlihicazkâr makamının birinci hane ve teslimlerdeki işlenişi ile Türk müziği kuramcılarının ifade ettiği Kürdîlihicazkâr makamı tarifleri ile karşılaştırılarak benzer ve farklı yönleri tespit edilmeye
çalışılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre; Kürdîlihicazkâr makamına yönelik üç ana görüş ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunlar; arazbarlı dizi (Yakup Fikret Kutluğ ve İsmail Hakkı Özkan), hicazkarlı dizi ya da hicazkar kürdi (Tanburi
Cemil Bey, Rauf Yekta, Suphi Ezgi Ekrem Karadeniz, Yakup Fikret Kutluğ) ve rast perdesinde kürdi şeddi (Suphi Ezgi, Hüseyin Saadettin Arel ve İsmail Hakkı Özkan) olan dizilerdir.
Are Remittances of Migrants from Rural Households Improving Investment in Agriculture: Empirical Evidences from Tamil Nadu State of India
Authors: Bhuvaneshwari M. , Ramasubramanian M. , Prathap D. Puthira , Anandaraja N. , Senthilkumar M.
Published: May 2022

A study was conducted in seven villages of Peddanayakenpalayam block of Salem district in Tamil Nadu to understand the impact of remittances of migrants on the Agricultural Well being of their families. The sample size consisted of 100 migrant farm families and the respondents were selected using proportionate random sampling method. A vast majority (87%) of respondents of this study replied that using the remittances of their migrant family members they could able to purchase cows, goats and chicks. Another conspicuous impact on agriculture due to remittances of migrant family members were purchase of new agriculture field/ land and laying of irrigation channels/pipe lines. Nearly three – fifth (59%) of respondents told that they brought un cultivated land to in cultivation using the remittances of their migrated family members. Type of family duration of migration and average pay per month had shown a positive significant contribution for impact of remittances of migrant family members on agricultural well-being at one Percent level of probability. Multiple regression analysis was resorted to find out the contribution of Independent variables on the dependent variable, Impact of Remittances on Agricultural Well-being of Migrant Househols. Working Conditions was found to significantly contributing to impact of remittance of migrant family members on agricultural well-being at five Percent level of probability. Number of destination was found to have a negative significant contribution towards the impact of remittance on agricultural well-being at one Percent level of probability
Microsculpture and Male Genitalia for Some Species of Rove Beetles Family (Staphylinidae) in Diyala Province
Authors: Ismail S. I. , Hadi K. A.
Published: May 2022

The research study description Microsculipture of elytron pit and male Genitalia for Five Species of rove beetles statement and the differences between them and reinforced studies pictures and illustrations qualities. Back to subfamilies   Tachyporinae, staphylininae.
Evaluation of Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Air Pollution in Selected Plant Species around Industrial Premises of Malappuram District, Kerala
Authors: Athira E. , Harsha K. H. , Athira K. , Jithinsha C. , Mridula K. , Faseela P.
Published: May 2022

Air pollution impact on various physiological and biochemical parameters of fifteen plant species around industrial premises of Malappuram district, Kerala were investigated. The present study has been carried out with the aim of analyzing the air pollution tolerance mechanisms in the selected fifteen plant species collected from the nearby areas of these two textile and PVC industries and to screen the most tolerant plant species based on the air pollution tolerance index of selected plants and can provide a cost effective and eco-friendly technique to mitigate air pollution. The air pollution caused a lower value of leaf extract pH, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in selected plant species. The increased level of ROS in plants due to exposure to air pollution damages the biomolecules such as lipids and results in MDA formation. Moreover, antioxidants like proline, ascorbate, soluble sugar and phenolics work hand in hand to scavenge toxic ROS produced under air pollution in all plants and thus prevent the oxidation of vital components in the plant cells. However, the accumulation of antioxidants in selected plant species was varied in response to air pollution. The air pollution tolerance index (APTI) has been used for identifying tolerance levels of plant species and to rank plant species in their order of tolerance to air pollution. APTI of T. grandis, H. brasiliensis, A. occidentale and P. pinnata and the present study indicated that these four plant species are most suitable sink for air pollution, which can be utilized for green belt development in industrial area for reduction of the level of the air pollution. Moreover, lowest APTI was recorded in G. floribunda, P. emblica and M. oleifera, can be used for the biomonitoring of air pollution.
Association between Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Infection by Human Papillomavirus Genotype-18 in Women Aged 40-44 Years Old
Authors: Lopez-Hernandez Daniel , Castillo-Cruz Tania , Brito-Aranda Leticia , Beltran-Lagunes Luis , Orozco-Campos Nadhyieli , Melgarejo-Estefan Emanuel
Published: May 2022

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and incidence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and its possible association with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Exposure was HPV-infection.

Results: 13234 females were analyzed [median of age=46], 1215 cases of diabetes (median of age=53) and 12019 cases without diabetes (median of age=45). There were 1495 (11.3%; 95%CI 10.8–11.8) new cases of HPV infection by any genotype, 234 (1.8%; 95%CI 1.5–2.0) by genotype-16, 102 (0.8%; 95%CI 0.8–0.8) by genotype-18, and 1279 (9.7%; 95%CI 9.2–10.1) by high risk (HR) genotypes. The global crude-prevalence by any genotype, and HR-genotypes was significantly lower (p=0.008) in subjects with diabetes compared with their counterparts without diabetes. The mean duration of follow-up was 1.1 years. The global crude-incidence rate of HPV-infection per 1000 person-years by any genotype, and genotypes-16, - 18, and -HR was 99.36, 15.55, 6.78, and 85.01, respectively. The crude hazard ratio of infection by HPV-18 genotype was higher in women with diabetes and age between 20-24y (HR=36.611; 95%CI 4.009-334.303, p=0.001), and 40-44y (HR=3.947; 95%CI 1.124-13.857, p=0.032) compared with their counterparts without diabetes.

Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of infection by HPV-genotype-18 in young adult woman.
Three-way Complex Variant Translocation Involving Long Arm of Chromosome 1 in a Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patient
Authors: Zehra Syeda Ambareen , Mushtaq Mamona , Ahmed Azfar , Mansoor Neelum
Published: May 2022

Clinical presentation of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with classic translocation is similar to those with variant translocations. However, the disease course, outcome and prognosis differs to a large extent. Therefore, it is important to identify and report variant cytogenetic findings. The case is being reported to improve awareness regarding such cases.

Case Presentation: Herein we present a case study of 55-year-old male who presented with abdominal pain and fever. The initial complete blood count showed hyperleukocytosis with features suggestive of chronic myeloproliferative leukemia (CML). Bone marrow biopsy and cytogenetic studies were performed for confirmation. Cytogenetic analysis showed presence of complex, three-way (1;9;22)(q12;q34;q11.2) translocation involving chromosomes 1, 9 and 22. The Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies further confirmed BCR-ABL fusion gene and its atypical pattern was in concordance with aberrations observed in karyotype. The variant translocation we reported herein is unique and rarely reported in literature.

Discussion: We presented a complex variant case of three-way translocation with characteristic hematological and immunophenotypic findings of CML in chronic phase. To the best of our knowledge, only few cases have been documented so far involving such complex translocation. The initial response to cytoreduction was encouraging while imatinib response has to be followed in present case.

Conclusion: It is important to highlight the variant translocations since such findings may influence the disease course hence play a significant role to predict outcome.
Changes in Teak Germination and Seedling Growth Induced by Pre-Sowing Seed Treatment with Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Radiation
Authors: Venkatesan Subramanian , Masilamani Poomaruthai , Eevera Tamilmani , Janaki Ponnusamy , Sundareswaran Sendrayaperumal , Rajkumar Perumal
Published: May 2022

Aims: The effect of teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f) drupes treatment with electromagnetic field and microwave radiation on germination and seedling growth were studied.

Study Design:  Completely randomized block design.

Place and Duration of Study: Division of Seed Science and Technology, Central Institute for Cotton Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu and Seed Science and Technology laboratory, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, TNAU, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu.

Methodology: Teak drupes have been exposed to the electromagnetic field of 750nt 5 hrs. per day for 15 days, 1500nt 5 hrs. per day for 15 days and 750 + 1500nt each 5 hrs. per day for 15 days and microwave radiation of 2450 MHz for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 sec. The treated and control drupes were placed for germination in the sand filled earthen pots.

Results: At 28 days after sowing the results revealed that electromagnetic treatment 1500nt 5 hrs. per day for 15 days recorded highest germination of 28.4 %, number of seedlings/100 drupes (32), minimum days required for initial emergence (13 days), root length of 8.3 cm, shoot length of 7.1 cm, dry matter production (49 mg) and vigour index (437). Microwave radiation of 2450 MHz for 30 sec recorded highest germination of 25.2 %, number of seedlings/100 drupes (30), minimum days required for initial emergence (12 days), root length of 8.5 cm, dry matter production (47 mg) and vigour index (373).

Conclusion: It is concluded that, electromagnetic field and microwave radiation treatments may be considered as an alternative method to enhance germination of fresh teak drupes.
LIM protein Ajuba promotes liver cell proliferation through its involvement in DNA replication and DNA damage control
Authors: Dommann Noëlle , Gavini Jacopo , Sánchez‐Taltavull Daniel , Baier Felix Alexander , Birrer Fabienne , Loforese Giulio , Candinas Daniel , Stroka Deborah
Published: May 2022

The LIM‐domain protein Ajuba is associated with cell proliferation, a fundamental process of tissue regeneration and cancer. We report that in the liver, Ajuba expression is increased during regeneration and in tumour cells and tissues. Knockout of Ajuba using CRISPR/Cas9 is embryonic lethal in mice. shRNA targeting of Ajuba reduces cell proliferation, delays cell entry into S‐phase, reduces cell survival and tumour growth in vivo and increases expression of the DNA damage marker γH2AX. Ajuba binding partners include proteins involved in DNA replication and damage, such as SKP2, MCM2, MCM7 and RPA70. Taken together, our data support that Ajuba promotes liver cell proliferation associated with development, regeneration and tumour growth and is involved in DNA replication and damage repair.
When do expert decision makers trust their intuition?
Authors: Medvegy Zoltán , Raab Markus , Tóth Kata , Csurilla Gergely , Sterbenz Tamás
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to explore when experts trust their intuition. The Take‐The‐First heuristic suggests that experts generate a few options based on option validity that match the current situation and probably pick the first one they generated. In chess, the rated quality of moves can be used to analyze fast and slow decisions. We provided players with strategic (long‐term) and tactical (short‐term) situations and asked for fast choices, further candidate moves, and the best choice. We divided the participants into three groups based on expertise. Results indicate that chess players at lower skill levels were more vulnerable in tactics than in strategy, especially under time pressure. Masters scored better than near‐experts on intuitive and final decisions, and whereas near‐experts profited from more time, the masters did not. This finding implies that Take‐The‐First is both boundedly and ecologically rational. Conclusions are made regarding trusting the intuitions of experts.
Comparison of Web‐Based Advertising and a Social Media Platform as Recruitment Tools for Underserved and Hard‐to‐Reach Populations in Rheumatology Clinical Research
Authors: Tsaltskan Vladislav , Nguyen Katherine , Eaglin Christina , Holers V. Michael , Deane Kevin D. , Firestein Gary S.
Published: May 2022

Objective

Traditional nondigital methods of participant recruitment for clinical research studies in rheumatology can be costly and inefficient, particularly for recruitment of underserved populations. We aimed to address this need by evaluating two methods of online recruitment to an observational cohort of individuals at risk for rheumatoid arthritis, namely web and Facebook advertisements.

Methods

A 3‐month countywide web‐based recruitment campaign was conducted consisting of text and image‐based advertisements. Similar advertisements were subsequently displayed on Facebook, initially in English for 5 months and later in Spanish for an additional 3 months. Individuals who clicked on advertisements were directed to a website landing page containing study information and could contact study personnel to schedule testing for anti‐cyclic citrullinated peptide‐3 (CCP3). The primary outcome measure for each campaign was the click‐through rate.

Results

During the web campaign, 413,289 advertisement impressions were displayed, resulting in 428 clicks (click‐through rate 0.10%) and only one screened participant. During the English Facebook campaign, 724,815 advertisements were displayed with 6765 clicks (click‐through rate 0.93%) and 43 screened participants, significantly greater than the web campaign (P < 0.001). During the Spanish advertisement campaign, 255,730 Spanish advertisements were displayed, resulting in a click‐through rate of 2.09% and 24 screened participants, a significantly higher rate than English advertisements. Of participants recruited through social media, 94% were female and 29.8% were Spanish speakers.

Conclusion

Facebook advertisements were superior to web advertisements for participant recruitment. Spanish Facebook advertisements had a greater click‐through rate than English Facebook advertisements. Facebook was an effective recruitment method, particularly for Spanish speakers.