bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Embodying a Virtual Agent in a Self-Driving Car
Authors: Lawson-Guidigbe Clarisse , Louveton Nicolas , Amokrane-Ferka Kahina , Le Blanc Benoît , André Jean-Marc
Published: September 2023

This article considers the visual appearance of a virtual agent designed to take over the driving task in a highly automated car, to answer the question of which visual appearance is appropriate for a virtual agent in a driving role. The authors first selected five models of visual appearance thanks to a picture sorting procedure (N = 19). Then, they conducted a survey-based study (N = 146) using scales of trust, anthropomorphism, and likability to assess the appropriateness of those five models from an early-prototyping perspective. They found that human and mechanical-human models were more trusted than other selected models in the context of highly automated cars. Instead, animal and mechanical-animal ones appeared to be less suited to the role of a driving assistant. Learnings from the methodology are discussed, and suggestions for further research are proposed.
A Two-Stage Emotion Generation Model Combining CGAN and pix2pix
Authors: Wang Yuanqing , Ghani Dahlan Abdul , Zhou Bingqian
Published: September 2023

Computer vision has made significant advancements in emotional design. Designers can now utilize computer vision to create emotionally captivating designs that deeply resonate with people. This article aims at enhancing emotional design selection by separating appearance and color. A two-stage emotional design method is proposed, which yields significantly better results compared to classical single-stage methods.. In the Radboud face dataset (RaFD), facial expressions primarily rely on appearance, while color plays a relatively smaller role. Therefore, the two-stage model presented in this article can focus on shape design. By utilizing the SSIM image quality evaluation index, our model demonstrates a 31.63% improvement in generation performance compared to the CGAN model. Additionally, the PSNR image quality evaluation index shows a 10.78% enhancement in generation performance. The proposed model achieves superior design results and introduces various design elements.This article exhibits certain improvements in design effectiveness and scalability compared to conventional models.
Pre-germination treatments with plant growth regulators and bioactivators attenuate salt stress in melon: effects on germination and seedling development
Authors: Silva José Eduardo Santos Barboza da , Torres Salvador Barros , Leal Caio César Pereira , Leite Moadir de Sousa , Guirra Keylan Silva , Nogueira Neto Francisco Assis , Dantas Bárbara França
Published: September 2023

The scarcity of surface water has led to the use of underground sources as an alternative for crop irrigation by farmers in semi-arid regions. However, these water sources generally have high salinity, which prevents agricultural production. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of pre-germination treatments with plant growth regulators and bioactivators on melon seeds to attenuate salt stress caused by irrigation water during germination and seedling development. Two trials were carried out separately with the hybrids, Goldex and Grand Prix. The design was completely randomized in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme (four seed treatments and three dilutions of irrigation water). Seeds were treated with salicylic acid and gibberellic acid and the insecticide, thiamethoxam, in addition to the control. Local supply water, artesian well groundwater, and dilution of these waters at a 1:1 ratio were employed for irrigation. Fourteen days after sowing, morphological and physiological analyses were performed, and the material was collected for biochemical determination. The use of saline well water affected the initial development of melon seedlings of the Goldex and Grand Prix hybrids. Pre-germination treatment of Goldex hybrid seeds with gibberellic acid was inefficient at mitigating salt stress. However, the effects of irrigation water salinity on Grand Prix melon seeds pretreated with salicylic acid and thiamethoxam were attenuated.
Fatty acid profile, omegas and lipid quality in commercial cuts of pirarucu (Arapaima gigas Schinz, 1822) cultivated in excavated tanks
Authors: Cavali Jucilene , Dantas Filho Jerônimo Vieira , Nunes Carla Taveira , Ferreira Elvino , Pontuschka Rute Bianchini , Zanella Renato , Souza Maria Luiza Rodrigues de
Published: September 2023

The study aimed to determine the fatty acid profile, omegas and lipid quality indeces in commercial cuts of pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) of the slaughter class 11.1 to 14.0 kg. Sample collections were carried out in two fish processing industries located in Rondônia state, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, with processing performed in triplicate. Data were submitted to ANOVA to assess differences between commercial cuts in chemical compositions. If ANOVA appeared statistically significant (α=0.05), the averages were compared by Tukey's test. In the composition of fatty acids, there was a difference (p <0.05) between cuts. Commercial cuts that expressed the highest percentages of SFAs tail fillet 51.2%, of MUFAs fillet mignon 39.8% and of PUFAs deboned cut 20.7%. The indeces prescribed for lipid quality, ∑PUFAs/∑SFAs, ∑PUFAs (n-6/∑n-3), AI, TI and HH, indicate that commercial cuts have lipid quality. Deboned is the cut with the highest PUFA fatty acid content, with the highest values of Omega 3, 6, 7 and n-9 being also expressed. Nutritional information is important for the processes of conservation and processing, development of new products on the market, as well as guiding the form of preparation, thus providing commercial security for different market niches.
Levels of organochlorine contaminants in natural bovine milk marketed in Mojuí dos Campos and Belterra, Brazil
Authors: Rêgo Isabella Clarissa Vasconcelos , Cardoso Julio César Amaral , Sacramento José Augusto Amorim Silva do , Azevedo Márcia Mourão Ramos , Ribeiro Joseph Simões , Lopes Ruy Bessa , Moura Lucinewton Silva de , Mendes Rosivaldo de Alcântara , Taube Paulo Sérgio
Published: September 2023

Analyzing the organochlorine pesticide (OCP) content in milk is relevantbecause it helps evaluate the quality of milk that reaches the consumer's table and also helps identify the geographical areas where there is a high possibility of contamination. Accordingly,thispilot project was aimed at determining the extent of contamination by OCP residues and their metabolites in fresh cow's milk in Mojuí dos Campos and Belterra, Pará, using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography coupled with electron capture detection (GC-ECD). The OCPs evaluated in this study weredichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD)), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) (α, β, γ, and δ), endosulfanα and β, andendosulfansulfate. None of the thirty bovine milk samples analyzedshowed any contamination with OCPs.TheOCP content was within the limit of quantification of the method. The results of this study add to the existing knowledge on the quality ofbovine milk produced in these locations. However, further researchon other environmental matricesis required to confirm the results obtained in this study.
Management of traumatic displacement of LASIK flap
Authors: Shah Sushmita G , Parmar Riddhi , Shah Gaurav Y
Published: September 2023

Background:

Although flap-based laser refractive surgeries are being extensively performed worldwide, complications due to the flap may occur years after the procedure leading to severe vision-threatening complications.

Purpose:

To describe the management of a case of traumatic displacement of a LASIK flap performed 8 years earlier.

Synopsis:

A 42-year-old male presented to us with complaints of decreased vision in his left eye following trauma with a toy gun sustained a day earlier. His best-corrected visual acuity was Counting fingers @ 2 m, and a slit-lamp evaluation revealed a LASIK flap with its temporal edge folded inwards. Flap repositioning was planned. The final surgical plan was interface irrigation with mechanical debridement, alcohol epitheliectomy, fibrin glue application, and bandage contact lens. His uncorrected visual acuity improved to 6/6, N6 at 5 weeks postoperatively, which was maintained at 8 months postoperatively along with a clear interface.

Highlights:

Traumatic displacement of LASIK flap years after the procedure is a known complication. However, simple flap repositioning may lead to various complications like epithelial ingrowth, DLK, astigmatism, etc., This video describes how to achieve anatomical and visual rehabilitation in such eyes without any long-term complications.

Video link:
https://youtu.be/QtWG9hEMsXM

Key words: Epithelial ingrowth, LASIK flap complications, traumatic flap displacement
Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the larynx – Case report
Authors: Gupte Ajinkya , Sasidharan Ajay , Dutta Debnarayan , Anoop R
Published: September 2023

Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the larynx is an extremely rare entity accounting for 0.04–0.45% of malignant tumours of the larynx. The objective of this clinical case report is to highlight the diagnosis and management of a unique case such as this. A 77-year-old gentleman presented with complaints of hoarseness for 1 year. Computed tomography image revealed a soft tissue mass lesion involving the right true vocal cord. Direct laryngoscopic biopsy was performed and subjected to histopathological examination, which showed collection of plasma cells. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of Kappa and Lambda cells. Multiple myeloma (MM) was ruled out. The patient received radical intent radiation therapy using 3DCRT technique with a dose of 50Gy in 25# over 5 weeks. He experienced improvement in hoarseness on subsequent follow-up visits. At 1-year follow up, positron emission tomography computed tomography showed near total resolution of disease with no progression to MM. Radiation therapy alone is known to achieve good local control, recurrence free survival, and organ preservation in such cases.
Potato Leaf Disease Recognition and Prediction using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Ghosh Hritwik , Rahat Irfan Sadiq , Shaik Kareemulla , Khasim Syed , Yesubabu Manava
Published: September 2023

Potato crops are vital to global food security and economy, yet they are vulnerable to a wide range of leaf diseases that can significantly impact yield and quality. Rapid diagnosis and accurate identification of these disorders are critical for effective disease control and prevention. In this research, we offer an extensive evaluation and contrast of three state -of-art CNN models- VGG19, DenseNet121 and ResNet50-in order to identify and forecast potato leaf diseases. Our study employed a sizable dataset of potato leaf images, containing diverse healthy and afflicted specimens, to train and assess the performance of the chosen CNN models. Extensive data augmentation techniques were employed to enhance the dataset’s diversity and generalization capabilities. We evaluated the models considering their accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score and computational efficiency to determine the most fitting model for real-life applications. The results demonstrate that all three CNN models achieved high performance in identifying and predicting potato leaf diseases, with VGG19 emerging as the top performer followed closely by DenseNet121 and ResNet50.Our findings provide valuable insights into the efficacy of DL approaches for potato leaf ailment identification and offer a foundation for future research and deployment of these models in precision agriculture systems. Ultimately, this work aims to support the development of more robust and efficient tools for timely disease diagnosis, enabling farmers and agronomists to make better-informed decisions and safeguard the health and productivity of potato crops worldwide.
A three‐dimensional two‐hemisphere model for unmanned aerial vehicle multiple‐input multiple‐output channels
Authors: Su Zixu , Chen Wei , Li Changzhen , Yu Junyi , Gong Guojiao , Wang Zixin
Published: September 2023

The application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has recently attracted considerable interest in various areas. A three‐dimensional multiple‐input multiple‐output concentric two‐hemisphere model is proposed to characterize the scattering environment around a vehicle in an urban UAV‐to‐vehicle communication scenario. Multipath components of the model consisted of line‐of‐sight and single‐bounced components. This study focused on the key parameters that determine the scatterer distribution. A time‐variant process was used to analyze the nonstationarity of the proposed model. Vital statistical properties, such as the space–time–frequency correlation function, Doppler power spectral density, level‐crossing rate, average fade duration, and channel capacity, were derived and analyzed. The results indicated that with an increase in the maximum scatter radius, the time correlation and level‐crossing rate decreased, the frequency correlation function had a faster downward trend, and average fade duration increased. In addition, with the increase of concentration parameter, the time correlation, space correlation, and level‐crossing rate increased, average fade duration decreased, and Doppler power spectral density became flatter. The proposed model was compared with current geometry‐based stochastic models (GBSMs) and showed good consistency. In addition, we verified the nonstationarity in the temporal and spatial domains of the proposed model. These conclusions can be used as references in the design of more reasonable communication systems.
Indocyanine green dye and its application in gastrointestinal surgery: The future is bright green
Authors: Lim Zavier Yongxuan , Mohan Swetha , Balasubramaniam Sunder , Ahmed Saleem , Siew Caroline Ching Hsia , Shelat Vishal G
Published: September 2023

Indocyanine green (ICG) is a water-soluble fluorescent dye that is minimally toxic and widely used in gastrointestinal surgery. ICG facilitates anatomical identification of structures (e.g., ureters), assessment of lymph nodes, biliary mapping, organ perfusion and anastomosis assessment, and aids in determining the adequacy of oncological margins. In addition, ICG can be conjugated to artificially created antibodies for tumour markers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen for colorectal, breast, lung, and gastric cancer, prostate-specific antigen for prostate cancer, and cancer antigen 125 for ovarian cancer. Although ICG has shown promising results, the optimization of patient factors, dye factors, equipment, and the method of assessing fluorescence intensity could further enhance its utility. This review summarizes the clinical application of ICG in gastrointestinal surgery and discusses the emergence of novel dyes such as ZW-800 and VM678 that have demonstrated appropriate pharmacokinetic properties and improved target-to-background ratios in animal studies. With the emergence of robotic technology and the increasing reporting of ICG utility, a comprehensive review of clinical application of ICG in gastrointestinal surgery is timely and this review serves that aim.
Effect of internet multiple linkage mode-based extended care combined with in-hospital comfort care on colorectal cancer patients undergoing colostomy
Authors: Xu Li , Zhou Mei-Zhen
Published: September 2023

Indocyanine green (ICG) is a water-soluble fluorescent dye that is minimally toxic and widely used in gastrointestinal surgery. ICG facilitates anatomical identification of structures (e.g., ureters), assessment of lymph nodes, biliary mapping, organ perfusion and anastomosis assessment, and aids in determining the adequacy of oncological margins. In addition, ICG can be conjugated to artificially created antibodies for tumour markers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen for colorectal, breast, lung, and gastric cancer, prostate-specific antigen for prostate cancer, and cancer antigen 125 for ovarian cancer. Although ICG has shown promising results, the optimization of patient factors, dye factors, equipment, and the method of assessing fluorescence intensity could further enhance its utility. This review summarizes the clinical application of ICG in gastrointestinal surgery and discusses the emergence of novel dyes such as ZW-800 and VM678 that have demonstrated appropriate pharmacokinetic properties and improved target-to-background ratios in animal studies. With the emergence of robotic technology and the increasing reporting of ICG utility, a comprehensive review of clinical application of ICG in gastrointestinal surgery is timely and this review serves that aim.
Letter from the Special Issue Editors
Authors: Mueller Becky , Bautsch Brian , Mansfield Julie
Published: September 2023

Letter from the Special Issue Editors
Impact Area and Speed Effects on Powered Two-Wheeler Crash Fatality and Injury
Risk
Authors: Terranova P. , Guo F. , Perez Miguel A.
Published: September 2023

The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the fatality risk of powered two-wheeler
(PTW) riders across different impact orientations while controlling for different opponent
vehicle (OV) types. For the crash configurations with higher fatality rate, the secondary
objective was to create an initial speed–fatality prediction model specific to the United
States. Data from the NHTSA Crash Reporting Sampling System and the Fatality Analysis Reporting
System from 2017 to 2020 was used to estimate the odds of the different possible vehicle
combinations and orientations in PTW–OV crashes. Binary logistic regression was then used to
model the speed–fatality risk relationship for the configurations with the highest fatality
odds. Results showed that collisions with heavy trucks were more likely to be fatal for PTW
riders than those with other OV types. Additionally, the most dangerous impact orientations
were found to be those where the PTW impacted the OVs front or sides, with fatality odds,
respectively, four and five times higher than when the OV rear-end was impacted. The high
variability in the odds of different crash configurations suggests the importance of
considering the impact orientation factor in future injury prediction models. The
speed–fatality prediction models developed for head-on and side crashes could provide an
initial tool to evaluate the effectiveness of advanced rider assistance systems and other
safety countermeasures in the United States, particularly those that result in speed
reductions.
A Parametric Thoracic Spine Model Accounting for Geometric Variations
by Age, Sex, Stature, and Body Mass Index
Authors: Lian Lihan , Baek Michelle , Ma Sunwoo , Jones Monica , Hu Jingwen
Published: September 2023

In this study, a parametric thoracic spine (T-spine) model was developed to
account for morphological variations among the adult population. A total of 84
CT scans were collected, and the subjects were evenly distributed among age
groups and both sexes. CT segmentation, landmarking, and mesh morphing were
performed to map a template mesh onto the T-spine vertebrae for each sampled
subject. Generalized procrustes analysis (GPA), principal component analysis
(PCA), and linear regression analysis were then performed to investigate the
morphological variations and develop prediction models. A total of 13
statistical models, including 12 T-spine vertebrae and a spinal curvature model,
were combined to predict a full T-spine 3D geometry with any combination of age,
sex, stature, and body mass index (BMI). A leave-one-out root mean square error
(RMSE) analysis was conducted for each node of the mesh predicted by the
statistical model for every T-spine vertebra. Most of the RMSEs were less than 2
mm across the 12 vertebral levels, indicating good accuracy. The presented
parametric T-spine model can serve as a geometry basis for parametric human
modeling or future crash test dummy designs to better assess T-spine injuries
accounting for human diversity.
Comparison of the Knee–Thigh–Hip Response in Small Female ATDs with
Female PMHS
Authors: Carpenter Randolff L. , Berthelson Parker R. , Donlon John-Paul , Forman Jason L.
Published: September 2023

Bilateral knee impacts were conducted on Hybrid III and THOR 5th percentile
female anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs), and the results were compared to
previously reported female PMHS data. Each ATD was impacted at velocities of
2.5, 3.5, and 4.9 m/s. Knee–thigh–hip (KTH) loading data, obtained either via
direct measurement or through exercising a one-dimensional lumped parameter
model (LPM), was analyzed for differences in loading characteristics including
the maximum force, time to maximum force, loading rate, and loading duration. In
general, the Hybrid III had the highest loading rate and maximum force, and the
lowest loading duration and time to peak force for each point along KTH.
Conversely, the PMHS generally had the lowest loading rate and maximum force,
and the highest loading duration and time to peak force for each point along
KTH. The force transfer from the knee to the femur was 79.2 ± 0.3% for the
Hybrid III 5th female, 82.7 ± 0.4% for the THOR-05F, and 70.6 ± 1.7% for the
PMHS. The force transfer from the knee to the hip was 60.6 ± 0.5% for the Hybrid
III 5th female, 41.4 ± 0.4% for the THOR-05F, and 57.0 ± 3.0% for the PMHS.
While the Hybrid III aligned more with the PMHS force transfer ratios, the
loading characteristics of the THOR-05F were more similar to the PMHS.
Rentabilité économique de différentes longueurs de poquets de zaï rectangulaire sous culture de Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench dans les zones sahélienne et soudano-sahélienne du Burkina Faso
Authors: Dabre Abdoulaye , Savadogo Patrice , Sanou Lassina , Nacro Hassan Bismarck
Published: September 2023

L’étude a évaluée la rentabilité économique de 4 longueurs de poquets du zaï rectangulaire (ZR) à Kiembara et à Arbollé au Burkina Faso.  4 longueurs (30-35-40-45 cm) du ZR et du Z, ont été soumis à 4 types d’amendements : Sans apport (S), compost (C), engrais NPK  (N) et compost associé au NPK (CN) dans un dispositif expérimental split plot à 2 facteurs à 4 répétitions. Les charges et les ventes des  récoltes ont permis de calculer le bénéfice net et le ratio bénéfice sur coût. Les résultats montrent que le ZR30CN a la charge la plus importante à Arbollé (1 206 032 F.CFA.ha-1 ). Le produit a été plus élevé au cours de l’étude (365 643 F.CFA.ha1 en 2019 et 332 080  F.CFA.ha-1 en 2020) sous ZR45 par rapport à celui noté sous Z (196 075 F.CFA.ha-1 en 2019 et 151 926 F.CFA.ha-1 en 2020). Seul, l’apport  du NPK dans ces poquets a été bénéfique (136 502 F.CFA.ha-1 ) en première année. Dès lors, le ZR45CN à Kiembara semble  significativement plus rentable (RBC=19,22) que ZR45C (12,71) et de ZR45CN (12,71). Ces résultats pourront convaincre les agriculteurs et   décideurs à adopter cette technique comme bonne pratique de restauration des sols.

 

English title: Economic profitability of different lengths of rectangular zaï pits under Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench cultivation in the  Sahelian and Sudano-Sahelian zones of Burkina Faso

 

The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic profitability of 4 lengths of rectangular zaï pits (ZR) in Kiembara and Arbollé in  Burkina Faso. 4 lengths (30-35-40-45 cm) of ZR and Z, were subjected to 4 types of amendments: Without input (S), compost (C), NPK  fertilizer (N) and compost associated with NPK (CN) in a 2-factor split plot experimental design with 4 replicates. Crop loads and sales  were used to calculate the net profit and the benefit to cost ratio. The results show that the ZR30CN has the highest load in Arbollé (1,206,032 F.CFA.ha-1 ). The product was higher during the study (365,643 F.CFA.ha-1 in 2019 and 332,080 F.CFA.ha-1 in 2020) under ZR45  compared to that noted under Z (196,075 F.CFA.ha-1 in 2019 and 151,926 F.CFA.ha-1 in 2020). Only the contribution of NPK in these pits  was beneficial (136,502 F.CFA.ha-1 ) in the first year. Therefore, ZR45CN at Kiembara seems significantly more profitable (RBC=19.22) than  ZR45C (12.71) and ZR45CN (12.71). These results could convince farmers and decision makers to adopt this technique as a good soil  restoration practice.
The Betrayal of the French Civil Code: A Tragedy in Three Acts
Authors: Gordley James
Published: September 2023

French jurists have thought that their Civil Code expresses an individualism characteristic of the ideals of the French Revolution and the principles of liberalism. Property was regarded as a right of the owner that was unlimited in principle. Contract was defined in terms of the will of the parties to contract on whatever terms they chose. The drafters of the Code, however, were among the last adherents of an older natural law tradition in which the rights of an owner were limited by the purposes for which property rights were created, and the terms of a contract must be just. This article describes the drafter’s debt to that tradition and how it was ignored by jurists in the 19th century.
Realizacja postanowień Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 17 marca 1921 roku w zakresie wymiaru sprawiedliwości
Authors: Jastrzębski Robert
Published: September 2023

The article – divided into four sections – is centered around the implementation of the provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 17 March 1921 in the area of the administration of justice. The first section discusses the work on a draft constitution carried out between 1917 and 1921, with particular focus on the judiciary. The second analyses the content of the provisions of the Constitution referring to the administration of justice. The third deals with the judicature. In this section, the author discusses the organisation and work of, among others: the State Tribunal, the Supreme Administrative Tribunal, the Competence Tribunal, and courts of common pleas, paying particular attention to the unimplemented norms of the Constitution – mainly the failure to establish administrative courts of different instances with the participation of citizens, and the absence of citizens serving as justices of the peace or jurors. Two issues played important roles in the implementation of constitutional norms regarding the administration of justice. The first was the political situation in Poland after the 1926 May Coup. The second was the amendments to the Constitution introduced in connection with the entry into force of the 1926 “August Amendment”, that gave the President of the Republic of Poland the power to promulgate ordinances having the legal effect of legislative acts. This allowed the Polish government of that time to carry out, to a great extent, a standardisation of the courts of common pleas, which was accomplished by promulgation of the Ordinance of the President of the Republic of Poland of 6 February 1928 – the Act on the Organisation of Courts of Common Pleas. Additionally, between 1929 and 1932 the government embarked on an extensive program of dismissing existing judges and appointing new ones. Importantly, this was accompanied by a change in the line of jurisprudence of the Supreme Court and the Supreme Administrative Tribunal, according to which courts lost their authority to examine the constitutionality of ordinances promulgated by the President of the Republic of Poland. In the final section of the article – the summary – the author notes that the implementation of the norms of the Constitution concerning the administration of justice was, to a great extent, non-existent, given the political situation after the May Coup. It further points out that the same was also true in the period between 1944 and 1952, during which the basic principles of the Constitution of 17 March 1921 applied.
Nowelizacja Kodeksu pracy wdrażająca dyrektywę 2019/1152 w sprawie przejrzystych i przewidywalnych warunków pracy w Unii Europejskiej – analiza i ocena regulacji
Authors: Daniluk Paulina
Published: September 2023

The article aims to analyze the changes introduced on April 26, 2023, to the Polish Labor Code, adapting its regulations to the Directive (EU) 2019/1152 of the European Parliament and of the Council of June 20, 2019, on transparent and predictable working conditions in the Euro- pean Union. The objective scope of the article includes the obligation to provide information by the employer, parallel employment, the rules for concluding an employment contract for a probationary period, the request for a form of employment with more predictable and secure working conditions, and the requirements for terminating employment contracts. An attempt is also made to assess new regulations in terms of their compliance, accuracy and purposefulness with the recommendations of the Directive 2019/1152. In addition, attention was paid to the need for the introduction of an additional change in Polish regulations.
Wynagrodzenie według stawek godzinowych – wytyczne dla radców prawnych świadczących pomoc prawną konsumentom na kanwie wyroku Trybunału Sprawiedliwości z dnia 12 stycznia 2023 r. (C-395/21)
Authors: Sołtys Bogusław
Published: September 2023

The article addresses the issue of the legal qualification of various defects in contractual provisions concerning remuneration for the provision of legal assistance to consumers. The impetus for bringing this issue closer is the recent judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union of January 12, 2023, (case file no. C-395/21) which took interest in the area of rules for the exercise of legal professional activity. This is because, from the perspective of the EU law, it contains an assessment of the legal consequences of the lack of transparency of provisions shaping contractual remuneration based on hourly rates for services provided to consumers by the Lithuanian attorneys. The purpose of this article is not only to present the assumptions of this ruling, but also, taking them into account, to formulate conclusions that, in light of the Polish law, should be addressed at attorneys-at-law and other Polish service providers, both operating in the regulated and unregulated legal services market.
Przegląd orzecznictwa Sądu
Authors: Milkowski Kacper
Published: September 2023

The resolution of the panel of seven judges of the Polish Supreme Court of June 21, 2023 (case file no. III CZP 94/22) is of utmost importance for legal practice. In the resolution, the Polish Supreme Court assumed that Article 2 of the Act of July 6, 2001 on preserving the national character of the country’s strategic natural resources does not exclude the possibility of usucaption of real estate constituting a state forest. Another important resolution of the Polish Supreme Court is the resolution of the panel of seven judges of June 14, 2023 (case file no. III CZP 84/22). As indicated by the Supreme Court, declaring the debtor’s bankruptcy does not cause the creditor’s loss of legitimacy to bring an action to declare the debtor’s legal act ineffective under Art. 527 of the Civil Code.
McDonaldization of archives (an introduction to discussion)
Authors: Ciechanowski Hadrian
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the development of archives through the lens of the McDonaldization created by Georg Ritzer. Since archives, like libraries, are deeply rooted in society, they can be analyzed from the perspective of ongoing social change. Referring to the various dimensions of McDonaldization – predictability, efficiency, calculability, and control – the author points to selected aspects of archival reality that exhibit the characteristics identified by Ritzer. Ritzer also pointed out that rationalized systems generate irrationalities and mention contrary tendencies that go (often intentionally) against the tide of the changes taking place. These two phenomena can also be found in the archival field. The article concludes that archives have undergone at least a partial McDonaldization. Nevertheless, the degree of change that has taken place in archives varies between the analyzed aspects. The article is based on an analysis of Polish and foreign literature, as well as the author’s observation of archives (mainly Polish). For this reason, the study uses a comparative, bibliographic, and observational method.
Ochrona infrastruktury krytycznej z wykorzystaniem teorii gier, technik optymalizacji i algorytmów sztucznej inteligencji
Authors: Michalak Tomasz P. , Godziszewski Michał T. , Nagórko Andrzej
Published: September 2023

Aktualna sytuacja geopolityczna doprowadziła do wzrostu zagrożeń, z jakimi muszą się mierzyć podmioty odpowiedzialne za bezpieczeństwo w Polsce i Europie. Jednak pomimo zwiększenia czujności, poziomu nakładów i inwestycji zasoby ochrony wciąż pozostają ograniczone w stosunku do dynamicznie rosnących potrzeb. Taka sytuacja sprawia, że stała ochrona każdego potencjalnego celu ataku jest po prostu nieosiągalna. Kluczowe staje się zatem efektywne wykorzystanie już istniejących zasobów ochrony. Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest omówienie zaawansowanych metod, które ułatwiają zautomatyzowane podejmowanie decyzji w zakresie alokacji zasobów bezpieczeństwa. Tego rodzaju metody obejmują wykorzystanie sztucznej inteligencji teorii gier oraz technik optymalizacji. Wdrożenia podobnych rozwiązań w zakresie ochrony wybranych obiektów infrastruktury krytycznej w Stanach Zjednoczonych Ameryki dowodzą ich skuteczności. W artykule został przedstawiony również skrócony przegląd tego obszaru badań oraz rozwiązania i oprogramowanie opracowane przez zespół „AI dla bezpieczeństwa” utworzony w ramach instytutu badawczego IDEAS NCBR w celu ochrony infrastruktury krytycznej w Polsce i Europie.
Recenzja książki: Marta Sara Stempień, Boko Haram 2002–2020. Czarne flagi nad Nigerią
Authors: Izak Krzysztof
Published: September 2023

M.S. Stempień, Boko Haram 2002–2020. Czarne flagi nad Nigerią, Warszawa–Siedlce 2020, Rytm, 206 s.
Recenzja książki: Legal aspects of the European intelligence services’ activities pod red. dr. Piotra Burczaniuka
Authors: Wielec Marcin
Published: September 2023

Legal aspects of the European intelligence services’ activities, P. Burczaniuk (red. nauk.), Warszawa 2022, Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego.
Skuteczność wybranych modeli AI w predykcji ofiar ataków terrorystycznych
Authors: Tuszyński Jakub
Published: September 2023

W artykule porównano skuteczność wybranych algorytmów uczenia maszynowego w predykcji ofiar ataków terrorystycznych. Celem autora było udzielenie odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy mogą one posłużyć jako jedno z narzędzi antyterrorystycznych. Dokonano eksploracyjnej analizy danych, omówiono wybrane trendy i charakterystykę za-machów terrorystycznych. Przedstawiono niektóre miary oceny algorytmów klasyfikacyjnych użytych w badaniu oraz wskazano potencjalne kierunki dalszych badań.
Zwischen Mündigkeit, Kritik und Identität
Authors: Wolfgang Sander
Published: September 2023

Wie ist Mündigkeit heute zu verstehen? Was heißt Kritik in der politischen Bildung? Wie kann politische Bildung mit der ‚Wokeness‘-Bewegung umgehen? Was bedeutet kulturelle Identität für die Aufgaben politischer Bildung? Wo gibt es Grenzen der Kontroversität und was bedeutet das für Lehrerhandeln?
Wolfgang Sander bezieht die didaktischen Grundlagen aus seinem Buch „Politik entdecken - Freiheit leben“ auf diese neuen Herausforderungen für politische Bildung in den Krisen und Konflikten unserer Zeit. Dabei plädiert er, nach dem Auslaufen der Kompetenzorientierung, für eine Neubesinnung auf den Begriff der Bildung als Leitidee politischer Bildung.
An objective structured practical examination for laboratory skills in a pharmacy technician programme
Authors: McPherson Peter A C , Johnston Ben
Published: September 2023

Background: Pharmacy technician education is typically at the pre-degree level and comprises instruction in scientific and clinical disciplines. The assessment of practical laboratory skills often utilises attainment-referenced methods, which are not always appropriate for vocationally-focused programmes.
Methods: An objective structured practical examination (OSPE) was introduced to assess student competency in three key areas (accurate weighing, calibrating a pH meter and performing a dilution). Students were assessed using weighted criterion-based assessment criteria and an overall global performance rating, which allowed cut scores to be determined using a borderline regression method. Student opinions were collected using online questionnaires on a five-point Likert scale.
Results: The move to OSPEs did not significantly alter the distribution of student results from previous years (mean ± SD, OSPE vs legacy: 77 ± 19% vs 73 ± 21%), suggesting that academic integrity was maintained. There was a high level of consistency in Likert score responses (Cronbach’s α = 0.823), with students clearly favouring the OSPE approach.   
Conclusion: The move to an OSPE-based assessment was successful and provided a basis for the development of similar assessment strategies in the pharmacy technician programme.
Perceptions of academic staff on pharmacist preceptor roles, skills, attributes and training requirements: A qualitative report
Authors: Knott Gillian Jane , Mylrea Martina F , Glass Beverley D
Published: September 2023

Objective: To investigate the perceptions of academic staff at a regional Australian university of the role and ideal skills and attributes of pharmacist preceptors and the requirements for their training.
Methods: Nine semi-structured interviews were conducted using a purposive sample of academic staff. Opinions on preceptor roles, skills and attributes, and training requirements were sought. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed.
Results: Academic staff perceived the need for training to be based on preceptor core competencies and individual preceptor needs and to be delivered online in a flexible format. Training content was recommended to include an overview of the pharmacy curriculum and university expectations, clinical teaching strategies, managing students, and providing feedback. Mandatory training was recommended to facilitate communication and promote consistency in the placement experience.
Conclusion: Academic staff have highlighted that flexible, competency-based preceptor training tailored to the individual preceptor will deliver on the university’s expectations to optimise the experiential learning of pharmacy students.
GERAÇÃO SCREENAGERS E O FUTURO DA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Magalhães Márcio Santana , Rodrigues Fábio Feitosa , Pullen Flaviani Costa dos Santos , Figueirôa Lindalva Mendonça de , Santos Silvana Maria Aparecida Viana
Published: September 2023

‘Screenagers’ é um termo usado para descrever o ato de preferir ler, interagir com pessoas e com o mundo, utilizando-se de uma tela. A expansão das tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs) modificaram a forma como os alunos interagem e aprendem. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente artigo foi fazer uma reflexão sobre quem são os screenagers, os impactos do uso das tecnologias no desenvolvimento desses indivíduos na educação e os desafios enfrentados por professores e escolas para a implantação das TICs na educação. Foi conduzida uma revisão da literatura publicada nas bases de dados Google Acadêmico e Scielo, utilizando os termos “screenagers”, “educação”, “educação na modernidade” e “novas tecnologias na educação”, no mês de junho e julho de 2023. Os jovens atuais vivem em um mundo misto do real e do virtual e, por isso, apresentam características únicas de comportamento, como o fato de serem multitarefas, gostarem de experiências personalizadas, leituras não lineares, preferirem imagens sobre palavras, além de não terem paciência e gostarem das respostas e informações instantâneas. Nesse sentido, é importante repensar o modelo tradicional de ensino e inserir novas tecnologias no processo de ensino aprendizagem. No entanto, a ausência de equipamentos adequados em quantidade e qualidade nas escolas, além do despreparo dos professores para o uso das tecnologias dificultam essa inserção. Por isso, é necessário que a implantação das TICs seja prevista no currículo escolar e que haja incentivo político e/ou econômico.
O CURRÍCULO BRASILEIRO E A BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR
Authors: Neves Ana Rodrigues , Cruz Anderson Junior da Silva , Arseno Elaine Fatima , Esposito Geli Eliane , Burin Geliane Regina Esposito
Published: September 2023

O currículo é o documento orientador das práticas docentes e de todo o cotidiano escolar. Compreendemos então sua grande importância para a escola pública hoje, visando garantir a aprendizagem dos alunos. Com a publicação da tão esperada Base Nacional Comum Curricular em 2018, novas orientações e diretrizes são estabelecidas para o currículo escolar brasileiro, em consonância com o que estabelece a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional de 1996. Diante disso, esse paper tem como objetivo de pesquisa compreender a relação entre a BNCC e o currículo brasileiro hoje, investigando sobre as características, mas também buscando entender potencialidades e desafios que se apresentam ao trabalho do professor. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi utilizada como metodologia para cumprir o almejado. Os resultados obtidos após a realização do estudo indicam que as novas, mas não tão novas, perspectivas que a BNCC traz para o currículo escolar têm sido alvo de duras críticas, principalmente com a flexibilização e mudanças que isso acarretou para o Ensino Médio Brasileiro, resultando no conhecido Novo Ensino Médio que, no momento, encontra-se suspenso para que mais debates sejam realizados.
A INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL INTEGRADA NA EVOLUÇÃO DO ENSINO A DISTÂNCIA
Authors: Silva Fabrício Cardoso da , Silva Liliane Inácia da , Carvalho Fabrísia Maria da Silva
Published: September 2023

A inteligência artificial - IA representa um avanço na área da robótica e automação, devido às suas versatilidade e aplicabilidade. Porém, a inteligência artificial substituirá o ser humano ou criará novos campos de trabalho dentro da educação a distância? A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo geral mostrar as razões que levam a IA a alavancar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem na modalidade a distância. Neste sentido, passa a ocupar papel de destaque, uma vez que as construções das plataformas digitais buscam um ambiente virtual mais humanizado na promoção da aprendizagem. E, para o alcance de tal objetivo se faz necessário os objetivos específicos que procuram esclarecer a função da IA na aprendizagem a distância; discorrer a respeito das vantagens e desvantagens da aplicação da IA na modalidade de ensino a distância; entender a funcionalidade e desafios da inteligência artificial. A metodologia aplicada foi pesquisa bibliográfica, por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, a partir de autores que abordam a inteligência artificial no processo de aprendizagem. Para tanto, vale-se de uma abordagem sobre a inteligência artificial, por fim, uma aplicação prática da IA no ensino a distância. Na sociedade atual é essencial praticidade, rapidez, abrangência e a profundidade das mudanças que nela ocorrem. Assim, no transcorrer do trabalho foi apresentado razões importantes que explicam a relevância que a inteligência artificial integrada na evolução do ensino a distância possui hoje e, para as próximas gerações.
MATRIZ SWOT COMO FERRAMENTA NA PRÁTICA EDUCACIONAL
Authors: Meroto Monique Bolonha das Neves , Dieterich Daniela , Batista Klener , Alves Renata Camargo Costa , Trentin Tamara
Published: September 2023

A ferramenta SWOT é excelente e com possibilidade de ampliar o autoconhecimento de uma empresa, analisando os fatores internos e externos, possíveis de comprometer o negócio. Torna-se possível com a aplicação dessa ferramenta, descobrir pontos positivos e negativos, as possibilidades de avanços ou estagnação de instituições e a partir daí, traçar estratégias para agir ou se ajustar. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a Matriz SWOT como uma ferramenta estratégica possível de potencializar a qualidade educacional e por esse motivo, é válido ressaltar a grande importância que possui para as instituições escolares. A discussão se inicia pelas categorias iniciais do problema, perpassando a discussão de suas ideias centrais. A técnica de revisão da literatura permitiu uma releitura de suas ideias e a organização de um material capaz de mostrar a importância da ferramenta e sua utilização em meio aos agentes envolvidos. A conclusão do trabalho demonstra que os objetivos foram alcançados nesta pesquisa indicando soluções e sugerindo melhoramentos adequados. Foram apresentados as fraquezas, pontos fortes, ameaças e oportunidades da ferramenta Matriz SWOT na prática educacional. Espera-se com este trabalho que as instituições escolares compreendam a importância de tal ferramenta e que a utilizem para a melhoraria de seus resultados e objetivos na busca de ofertar cada vez mais um ensino de qualidade.
OS DESAFIOS DA REALIZAÇÃO DE AULAS ON-LINE E A PLATAFORMA MICROSOFT TEAMS COMO RECURSO DE AULA REMOTA
Authors: Gaspar Alexandre Paiva , Caciatori Amneris Ribeiro , Cabral Marcio da Veiga , Ferrari Renata Fermino , Teracin Vera Cristina Souza
Published: September 2023

A pandemia Covid-19 que assolou o mundo, obrigou o professor a se (re) inventar e adotar uma postura inovadora para ministrar aulas no ambiente virtual e superar os inúmeros desafios impostos por essa nova realidade. Para refletir sobre o tema, o presente paper, realizado a partir de revisão bibliográfica, pretende apresentar os desafios, as tecnologias e ferramentas utilizadas pelos docentes durante o preparo das aulas remotas, assim como apresentar a plataforma microsoft teams como ambiente virtual de aula utilizada por docentes do Centro Paula Souza. A partir das reflexões realizadas, conclui-se que os professores tiveram de se (re) inventar para poder fazer frente aos desafios impostos pela situação vivida durante a pandemia da Covid-19, ficando evidente a capacidade de superação e resiliência destes profissionais, e que tiveram a tecnologia e as diversas plataformas e softwares disponíveis, como recursos que se mostraram importantes aliados durante o preparo e a realização das aulas remotas. Conclui-se, também, que a integração de todas elas puderam promover a reflexão e a mudança de postura docente, que pôde então perceber que o ensino híbrido veio para ficar, e é um caminho que não tem mais volta. Concluiu-se, ainda, que a plataforma microsoft teams, utilizada pelos docentes do Centro Paula Souza, foi de extrema importância durante as aulas remotas, pois suas ferramentas e funcionalidades puderam proporcionar a interação docente/discente, assim como integrar as diversas tecnologias, softwares e recursos disponíveis, proporcionando uma experiência significativa e funcional neste novo jeito de ensinar e aprender.
TAXONOMIA DE BLOOM E A APRENDIZAGEM COLABORATIVA
Authors: Beck Viviane Aparecida Damian , Costa João Elias Ferreira da , Meroto Monique Bolonha das Neves , Oliveira Rebeca Maria de , Santos Silvana Maria Aparecida Viana
Published: September 2023

Com a Taxonomia de Bloom compreendeu-se a importância da criação de um sistema de classificação de objetivos nas avaliações. Pensar o ensino-aprendizagem por habilidades é entender que o alunato precisa realizar com êxito as resoluções de problemas, sejam eles simples ou complexos e em todas as áreas sociais. Assim, pode-se afirmar que a utilização da taxonomia nos objetivos educacionais e em avaliações, representa um ótimo instrumento para o desenvolvimento de avaliações com foco na aprendizagem significativa e formação integral, proporcionando, além da criação de situações problemas para os alunos, informações para trabalhar de forma formativa, de modo que o professor possa acompanhar e traçar objetivos e estratégias para o ensino-aprendizagem. Este trabalho foi efetuado com uma pesquisa qualitativa por meio de material bibliográfico e embasado nos teóricos Bloom et al (1979), Morris (1997), Luckesi (2011), Ferraz e Belhot (2010), Moran (2009) e Lessing (1999) e tem como objetivo enfatizar a importância e a contribuição da Taxonomia de Bloom e aprendizagem colaborativa no ambiente escolar.