bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of different salt concentration on the physical properties of frozen thawed egg yolk
Authors: Hidas Karina Ilona , Németh Csaba , Le Nguyen Lien Phuong , Visy Anna , Tóth Adrienn , Friedrich László , Nyulas-Zeke Ildikó Csilla
Published: August 2021

Freezing can enhance the storage time of liquid egg products, but egg yolk undergoes an irreversible textural and structural change when it is cooled to –6 °C. In this study, the effects of different salt concentrations on the physical properties of frozen-thawed egg yolk were investigated.

The pasteurised liquid egg yolk (LEY) was treated with 4, 5, and 6% of NaCl before freezing and it was stored at –18 °C for 4 weeks. The colour, pH, and rheological characteristics (firmness, consistency, cohesiveness, and index of viscosity) of yolk samples were evaluated before and after freezing.

Salt treatment resulted in preventing gelation, with decreasing firmness, consistency and viscosity compared to control samples. The pH of all yolk samples increased during frozen storage. The lightness value decreased in treated samples and increased in the control sample after freezing.

The results indicated that the applied salt concentrations could inhibit protein aggregation of LEY induced by freezing during the storage period. At least 5% salt concentration could reduce effectively the changes in rheological properties.
Design and characterization of 2D MXene-based electrode with high-rate capability
Authors: Wang Xuehang , Bannenberg Lars
Published: August 2021

MXenes, two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides, are promising materials for electrochemical energy storage application due to their redox-active surface and flexible interlayer space. Among all reported MXene-based electrodes, some have shown significantly better high-rate energy storage capabilities. Hence, it is crucial to have a systematic understanding on the decisive factors of the rate capability in the MXene family. This article discusses the impact of material properties at three levels, including intralayer composition, interlayer space and morphology, on the charge transfer and ion transport, revealing all the possible rate-limiting factors of MXene-based electrodes. We also describe systematic methods to characterize MXene electrodes as a detailed fundamental understanding of the structural and chemical properties, and the charge storage mechanisms crucial for rationally designing MXene-based electrodes.

Graphic abstract
Monitoring spatial-temporal dynamics of small lakes based on SAR Sentinel-1 observations: a case study over Nui Coc Lake (Vietnam)
Authors: Pham Duc Binh , Tong Si Son
Published: August 2021

For the first time, this study estimates the variation of surface water extent of Nui Coc Lake located in Thai Nguyen province in North Vietnam at high spatial (20 m) and temporal resolution (bi-weekly). The classification methodology was developed based on the use of the Otsu threshold algorithm on the histogram of the backscatter coefficient of the SAR Sentinel-1 signal. Totally, more than 150 SAR Sentinel-1 images have been processed for the 2016-2020 period. Except for extreme drought and flood conditions, the average minimum and maximum of the lake’s surface water extent are 17 km2 (in May) and 24 km2 (in September/October), respectively, and Nui Coc Lake’s surface water was stable during the last five years. Classification results are in good agreement with the corresponding surface water extent maps derived from free-cloud Sentinel-2 images, with the occurrence map derived from the Landsat-derived Global Surface Water (GSW) product, and with in situ precipitation data. Compared to Sentinel-2, the lake’s surface water extent detected from Sentinel-1 is 4-4.5% less. The water occurrence is similar between our results and that derived from the GSW product, but Sentinel-1 data provide more details as its spatial resolution is higher than Landsat. This study clearly shows the great potential of SAR Sentinel-1 data for monitoring small lake’s water surface at low costs, especially over tropical regions.
Management of the Forest Soils Fertility Based on Ecological Models in the South-Eastern Part of the Great Caucasus
Authors:   Institute of Soilscience and Agrochemistry, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Ismailova Nazaket
Published: August 2021

The bloks which are a structural part of the ecological fertility model in the mountain-forest brown and mountain-forest brown soils on the south-eastern slope of the Great Caucasus besides an importance of the ecological models composition have been analyzed in the article. By the main purpose of the given investigations a creation of ecological models of fertility was mountain-forest brown soils (middle mountain broken) and mountainforest brown soils (low mountain (mean broken), interrelation and dependence of biocenosis condition on the environment factors are studied a role of the main parameters (climate, relief, soil and etc) is revealed, the real and optimal parameters of the environment are established for the ecological models blocks creation. The model consists of 7 (seven) blocks: agroecological block soil structure block, soil regimes block, soil features block. value block, agromelioration block and forests biometric block. During the model blocks compiling the main diagnostic indiced as a granulometric composition, humus quantity and supply, water suspension pH, NPK, bulky mass, porosity and water-stable aggregates (> 0,25mm and > 1,00mm) in the mountain-forest brown and mountain-forest brown soils have been taken into account. A comparative character of the ecological fertility models in two different soil types which are dominant in forest ecosystems has been given.
Research of the Conditions of Preservation of the Soil Mass During Construction Works
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Trokhimchuk Маrina , Postnova Margarita ,   Volgograd State University, Trokhimchuk Katerina ,   Volgograd State University
Published: August 2021

The paper shows that the fulfillment of construction works influences the level of fine dust content in urban environment. Investigations of fine dust emissions in the zones of earth excavations and soil spoil banks caused by construction works were carried out. The authors conducted an integrated investigation of the physicochemical processes in the surface layer of the atmosphere in the course of construction works, which was based on the field and computational experiments. With the help of a laboratory wind-tunnel plant, it was revealed that the character of dust emission during the development of dispersive massifs depends on the climatic conditions, in particular on the wind velocity and the physical-and-mechanical properties of the rocks (humidity, porosity, plasticity indices). A specific-purpose GIS application has been designed which allows modelling the dynamics of air flows in the territories with anthropogenic development. The application is based on the methods of mathematical and simulation modelling, the methods of visualization and surface plotting as well as the methods of software applications development.
Ecology-Biological Features of the Species of R. Spinosissima L. for Landscaping and Forest Reclamation
Authors:   Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Solomentseva Alexandra
Published: August 2021

The article presents materials of the study of growth, flowering and fruiting of R. spinosissima L. phenology, variability of morphological characteristcs for the purpose of selection for landscaping and forest plantations of the arid zone of Lower Volga region. The data on a wide distribution area and on the basics of laboratory and field studies are given recommendations for use in different areas of the arid zone. The data collected for a long time of landscaping became a base for scientific recommendations High ecological plasticity of R. spinosissima L. as well as its resistance to drought and low temperatures are established and proved. The ability of the studied of R. spinosissima to exist in a certain range of environmental factors is revealed. In the study of the species in field determined its belonging to certain environmental groups, life forms, relative to moisture, light, nutrition. Described the layout of the landscaping areas and methods of planting.
Mammalian Surfactant Protein Homology by Domain Collagen Type IV: Evolutionary and Functional Analysis
Authors:   Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bikmetova Kristina
Published: August 2021

The changes in the primary structures of proteins are strongly character due to evolution process. Some changes are beneficial and remain in the process of evolution, some ones are negatively affected to properties of the protein. Neutral changes in amino acid sequences can also occur, without affecting the protein and the body as a whole. Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active lipoprotein complex (phospho-lipoprotein) formed by type II alveolar cells. The proteins and lipids that make up the surfactant have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. As a medication, pulmonary surfactant is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system. The object of this study is surfactant-associated proteins. The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between the amino acid composition of the protein and its functions. The study of the structure of proteins was carried out using multiple alignment and building a phylogenetic tree. Proteins SP-A and SP-D are members of the C-type collectin family and consist of four domains: N-terminal sequence, collagen-like domain, carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), “neck” between collagen-like and carbohydraterecognizing domains. Functionally, the most important are the C4 and CRD domains. Point mutations in these domains affect the change in the properties of proteins.
Análisis empírico de la MDO en el español: tensión armónica entre iconicidad y economía
Authors: Puentes Stephanie A. , Peña Daniel Eduardo Chaves , Jimenez Sergio
Published: August 2021

La marcación diferencial del objeto es un fenómeno gramatical de varias lenguas como el español, en la cual el morfema ‘a’ aparece ante ciertos objetos directos. La teoría actual plantea que este fenómeno está dominado por la tensión entre: la iconicidad (marcación) y la economía (omisión). Para probar esta hipótesis, se utilizó un corpus de 218 millones de tuits de distintas variedades del español. Se encontraron 4.967 casos de marcación, opcionalidad y omisión de la MDO del español de Colombia que se caracterizaron manualmente con 12 rasgos semánticos binarios y que fueron utilizados para estudiar las demás variedades. El análisis estadístico arrojó que el fenómeno está gobernado por dos fuerzas altamente correlacionadas (r=0,92) que se pueden asociar a la iconicidad (13,47%) y la economía (86,53%). Estas fuerzas no son independientes; están controladas por un factor común, el cual se nombra en este estudio como tensión armónica. Se reporta el grado de importancia de los 12 rasgos para proponer una nueva jerarquía que confirma empíricamente otras antes propuestas. Se concluye que la tensión armónica es un modelo plausible con soporte empírico para modelar el porcentaje de la MDO del español.
Sintomas musculoesqueléticos em catadoras de marisco
Authors: Silva Rafaela Almeida da , Nery Adriana Alves , Pena Paulo Gilvane Lopes , Rios Marcela Andrade , Paula Rafael Pereira de
Published: August 2021

Resumo Objetivo: estimar a prevalência de distúrbios musculoesqueléticos e de seus principais fatores de risco em catadoras de marisco em uma comunidade na Bahia. Métodos: estudo epidemiológico transversal descritivo, com dados coletados em 2017 e análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: foram entrevistadas 139 mulheres, com idade média de 44,3 anos: 66,9% casadas, 89,2% pardas/pretas, 93,5% com filhos, 57,6% com escolaridade até o fundamental incompleto, e com renda mensal média de R$ 234,00 (menos de US$ 60). Predominaram trabalhadoras que exerciam a ocupação por um período ≤30 anos (58,3%), com carga horária diária de até 6 horas (54,0%), sem pausa para almoçar (89,9%), que carregavam até 25 kg em um dia de trabalho (57,6%), por um período ≤60 minutos (73,5%), e que avaliaram as condições de trabalho como muito ruim/ruim (60,4%). Todas relataram dores musculoesqueléticas e as principais queixas foram na região das costas. Evidenciaram-se como fatores de risco: excesso de movimento, muito tempo de trabalho com sobrecarga nos membros superiores, falta de descanso e ritmo de trabalho acelerado. Conclusão: as catadoras de marisco estão expostas a fatores de risco que as predispõem a lesões por esforço repetitivo e doenças relacionadas ao trabalho, o que pode explicar a alta prevalência constatada.
Características das relações interpessoais existentes entre orientadores e orientandos dos cursos de pós-graduação stricto sensu em Ciências Contábeis
Authors: Silva Edleuza Paulina Loures da , Cunha Jacqueline Veneroso Alves da , Barbosa Neto João Estevão
Published: August 2021

RESUMO: Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar as características das relações interpessoais existentes entre orientadores e orientandos dos cursos de pós-graduação stricto sensu em Ciências Contábeis no Brasil, na percepção dos discentes. A relevância da pesquisa respalda-se, principalmente, na importância do vínculo construído entre orientadores e orientandos durante o mestrado ou doutorado. As características dessa relação podem ser determinantes para a qualidade da dissertação ou tese, bem como para a formação profissional do indivíduo. A amostra foi composta por 309 discentes de pós-graduação stricto sensu da área contábil, sendo que 65% correspondem a alunos de mestrado acadêmico, 31,72% a alunos de doutorado acadêmico e 2,91% a alunos de mestrado profissional. As percepções dos alunos sobre a relação de orientação foram capturadas por meio do Questionnaire on Supervisor–doctoral Student Interaction (QSDI na literatura internacional) adaptado por Mainhard, Rijst, Tartwijk e Wubbel (2009), cujo Alpha de Cronbach foi de 0,9424. A partir da análise descritiva das respostas, constatou-se que os alunos, ao pensarem e tratarem da relação de orientação, priorizam aspectos relacionados à figura do orientador como pessoa e pouco detalharam sobre as características do processo de orientação e desenvolvimento do trabalho. Esse achado reitera a conclusão de que os alunos indiretamente escolhem seus orientadores e os analisam adotando como critério os traços de personalidade como mais relevantes em detrimento da formação técnica.
Preferred Site Selection Using GIS and AHP: Case Study in Bangka Island NPP Site
Authors: Nugroho Ari , Kusratmoko Eko , Indra Tito L.
Published: August 2021

PREFERRED SITE SELECTION USING GIS AND AHP: CASE STUDY IN BANGKA ISLAND NPP SITE. Industrial growth affects the increasing demand for electricity in various places, this also occurs on the island of Bangka. So far, electricity supply has only been obtained from fossil fuel power plants with inadequate capacity, unstable flow and depending on fuel supplies from outside the island. For this reason, it is necessary to build a Nuclear Power Plant (PLTN) which is believed to be reliable and able to overcome these problems. In order to prepare a safe and economical nuclear power plant site, influential parameters such as population density, cooling system, land clearing, cut and fill, and granite for the foundation have been analyzed. The novelty of this analysis lies in 2 methods which gradually used before come up with a final decision, namely spatial analysis and pairwise comparison using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), respectively. The scope of study area is based on the site vicinity (1:5.000) scale, located in the districts of West and South Bangka. The siting process refers to the rules set by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Based on the final results of the analysis using the expert choice program, the numerical weights for West Bangka and South Bangka were 0.709 and 0.291, respectively, with a consistency value of 0.03.
SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ TIP FAKÜLTESİ TIP TARİHİ GÖRSELLERİ
Authors: İNCE Fuat , KOLCU Giray
Published: August 2021

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi 2016

yılından itibaren mezuniyet öncesi tıp eğitimi programının

akreditasyonu sürecine girerek tıp eğitimi kalitesini

daha da artırmayı amaçlamıştır. Bu kapsamda

mevcut imkân ve kabiliyetlere yenilerinin eklenmesi

ve var olanların da geliştirilmesi için çeşitli çalışmalar

başlatılmıştır.

Akreditasyon faaliyetlerini tamamlayıcı mahiyetteki bu

çalışmada Tıp Fakültesi Dekanlık Binası’nın tıp tarihi

görselleri ile donatılması amaçlanmaktadır.

Görseller birbirlerini tamamlayan üç farklı konseptle

yerleştirilmiştir. Bunlardan ilki; Dekanlık Binası’nın

hemen girişine yerleştirilen, ilk girişte öğrencileri ve

Dekanlık Binası’na giren diğer kişileri karşılayan iki

görseldir. İkinci konsept görsellerinde yine ilk olarak

üç büyük hekimin (Hipokrat, Galen ve İbn-i Sina) görseline

yer verilmiştir. Üçüncü grup görseller ise modern

tıbbın gelişimine büyük katkı sağlamış hekimler

ve diğer bilim insanları ile tıpta yaşanan önemli gelişmelerle

ilgilidir.

Fakülte girişinden itibaren yeni dersliklere (amfilere)

giden geniş, aydınlık ve ferah koridorun ve hemen alt

katında yer alan öğrenci dolaplarının bulunduğu geniş

salona giden koridorun tıp tarihi görselleri ile donatılması

tamamlanmıştır.

Sonuç olarak tıp tarihi ve tıp eğitimi açısından görsel

farkındalık oluşturan, öğrencilerin dikkatini tıp tarihine

çeken bu görseller Tıp Fakültesi Dekanlık Binası’nın

görünümünü zenginleştirmiş ve tıbbın tarihsel gelişim

sürecine verilen önemin bir göstergesi olarak var olan

kurum kimliği değerini ve kültürünü yansıtmaktadırlar.
Measuring non-healthcare occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2 across occupational groups in the United States v1
Authors: Walsh Michael
Published: August 2021

This protocol explains how to characterize non-healthcare occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2 across occupational groups in the United States using the SARS-CoV-2 Occupational Exposure Matrix (SOEM).
Proof of Concept: The Effectiveness of Disinfectant Tunnel as Potential Measure against COVID-19
Authors: Mohtar Noratiqah , Md. Hanafiah Nur Hafzan , Ng Sui Yee , Mohd Gazzali Amirah , Parumasivam Thaigarajan
Published: August 2021

Disinfectant tunnels have attracted attention as a potential measure to prevent the spread of COVID-19, but their safety and effectiveness are questionable. Disinfectants such as sodium hypochlorite were used, yet no scientific evidence is available on its effectiveness to eliminate SARS-CoV-2 on the human body through spraying, although this chemical is effective in the elimination of the virus on inanimate surfaces. Since safety issues are of importance, countries have halted the operation of these tunnels. Available literature has suggested several effective disinfectants against SARS-CoV-2, including iodine-based solution, such as povidone-iodine (PVP-I). This report describes the evaluation of the bactericidal activity of PVP-I in comparison to sodium hypochlorite, both in vitro and following spraying under a model tunnel. Two bacteria strains (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 12600) were used as model microorganisms. The spraying pattern and droplets distribution from the tunnel are also being described and were correlated with the effectiveness of the disinfectant droplets to eliminate the model bacteria. Results showed that 0.5 % v/v PVP-I and 0.5% v/v sodium hypochlorite are bactericidal (> 5 log10 reduction) in vitro. However, sprayed disinfectants did not show similar activity. Bacterial growth was seen in all cloth samples for 0.5% v/v PVP-I and all cloth samples except right shoulder for 0.5 % v/v sodium hypochlorite. Hence, the design of any disinfectant tunnel is important, and with an effective disinfectant to justify its efficacy.
Perspectiva de género en la educación universitaria: el caso de los grados en turismo en Cataluña
Authors: NOGUER-JUNCÀ ESTER , Crespi-Vallbona Montserrat
Published: August 2021

Como recoge el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) número 5, diferentes normativas y la literatura científica, la formación de los directivos en perspectiva de género es necesidad y requisito para conseguir unas organizaciones que eliminen las normas masculinas invisibles y transformen las relaciones tradicionales de género. Así, uno de los desafíos que afronta la sociedad actual es formar y concienciar a los futuros ejecutivos en la relevancia de la igualdad de género en las estructuras organizativas venideras. En este sentido, el presente artículo tiene como objetivos analizar el diseño de las asignaturas y la asimilación de contenidos por parte del alumnado universitario del Grado en Turismo y del Grado en Gestión Hotelera y Turística de Cataluña acerca de la implantación de las políticas institucionales y de las iniciativas privadas en igualdad de género. Para ello, se realiza una revisión de los planes docentes de las distintas universidades públicas y privadas y se recogen datos acerca del conocimiento del estudiantado a través de un cuestionario dicotómico. Los resultados indican que, a pesar de que la perspectiva de género se está incorporando lentamente en la docencia universitaria de los grados en turismo, todavía queda un largo recorrido. Consecuentemente, los conocimientos que manifiesta tener el estudiantado acerca de esta temática son todavía mínimos.
Classification of Urease Activity in Full-Fat Soybean Production by Extrusion Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: ÖZER İlyas
Published: August 2021

Soybean is an important food source that is frequently preferred in animal feeds with its high protein value. However, soybeans contain many bioactive compounds that are antinutritional and/or poisonous. Urease is one of the most important of these. Processes such as extrusion is used to reduce these components' effect. Here, factors such as steam pressure and temperature affect the cooking level of the product. In the case of undercooked soybeans, components that harm animal health preserve their effect, while their nutritional value decreases in case of overcooking. The urease test has been used for many years to evaluate the cooking level of soybean. Here, according to the color change on the product as a result of the test, the cooking level is evaluated by an expert. This process is mostly done manually and is dependent on expert judgment. In this study, a machine learning-based approach has been proposed to evaluate the images of urease test results. Accordingly, samples were taken from the extruder during the processing of full-fat soybean. A data set consisting of over-cooked, well-cooked and undercooked sample images was prepared by performing the urease test. A binary classification process as cooked and undercooked and a classification process with three classes was carried out with four different machine learning models on the data set. In this way, it is aimed to both automate the process and minimize the problems that may arise from expert errors. Classification achievements of 96.57% and 90.29% were achieved, respectively, for two and three class tests with the CNN-LSTM model in 10-fold cross-validation tests.
COVID 19 hastalarında karaciğer fonksiyon bozukluğu ve prognoz ile ilişkisi
Authors: ERDAL Harun , BAKIR Ayfer , SAVAŞÇI Ümit , AYAZ Tunahan , İŞİKAN Hilal , FİLİZ Mine , ARSLAN Yakup , FİDAN Gonca , KARA Umut , YILMAZ Gülden , DOĞAN Deniz , BAŞGÖZ Bilgin , TAŞKIN Gürhan , ŞENKAL Serkan , TAŞÇI Cantürk , YAMANEL Levent , UYGUN Ahmet , GÜLŞEN Mustafa
Published: August 2021

Giriş ve Amaç: COVID-19’da karaciğer hasarının ana mekanizmasının, şiddetli akut solunum sendromu koronavirüs-2'nin safra kanalı hücrelerinde yüksek oranda eksprese edilen anjiyotensin dönüştürücü enzim 2 reseptörüne bağlanması olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada COVID-19 tanısı ile yatırılarak takip ve tedavi edilen hastaların, komorbid karaciğer hastalıklarının araştırılması, yatış gününde anormal karaciğer biyokimyasal test sonuçları sıklığının değerlendirilerek hastalığın seyri ve prognozu ile ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: COVID-19 tanısı ile yatırılarak tedavi edilen 18 yaşından büyük hastalara ait veriler retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Hastaların aspartat aminotransferaz, alanin aminotransferaz, alkalen fosfataz, gama glutamil transferaz, total bilirübin değerleri ile hastanede kalış süreleri, yoğun bakım ünitesi ihtiyacı, mortalite arasındaki ilişki araştırıldı. Bulgular: COVID-19 tanısı revers transkripsiyon polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu ile doğrulanmış 795 hastadan 113’ünde (%14.2) yüksek karaciğer enzim (alanin aminotransferaz ve/veya aspartat aminotransferaz) prevalansı saptandı. COVID-19’lu olgularda yüksek alanin aminotransferaz prevalansı %11.1 iken aspartat aminotransferaz prevalansı ise %9.6 idi. Alanin aminotransferaz yüksekliği en fazla 71 yaş ve üstünde (%17.4), aspartat aminotransferaz yüksekliği ise en fazla 51-70 yaş grubunda (%14.8) bulundu. Alanin aminotransferaz ve/veya aspartat aminotransferaz yüksekliği saptanan ve saptanmayan hastalar arasında, hastalığın seyri, hastanede ve yoğun bakımda yatış süresi ve mortalite açısından anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmedi. Ayrıca, aspartat aminotransferaz ve alanin aminotransferaz yüksekliğinin sağ kalım zamanında anlamlı bir fark oluşturmadığı saptandı. Sonuç: COVID-19 hastalarında anormal karaciğer fonksiyon testleri tespit edilebilir. Ancak bunun sebepleri ve prognoza etkileri konusunda yeterli bilgiye sahip olmak için daha geniş popülasyonu içeren prospektif çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Strategi pemuda Gang Tato Desa Kemantren Kabupaten Malang melawan stigma sosial
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Malang, Ahmad Risdawati , Hesti Gita Purwasih Joan , Irawan Irawan
Published: August 2021

This thesis attempts to review how the Young People of Tattoo Alley interpret tattoos and social movements carried out to fight stigma. The process of extracting data is done through a qualitative approach. This study uses data collection techniques such as observation, interviews and documentation. The research location is in Tattoo Alley, Kemantren Village, Malang Regency. The process of data analysis is done through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Meanwhile, the validity of the data was examined using source triangulation techniques. The results of this study indicate that: First, there are two types of meaning of tattoos that are distinguished by phase, namely the first phase of meaning of tattoos tends to be negative, while the second phase of tattoos is more positively interpreted. Second, forms of social movements undertaken by Tattoo Alley Young People to fight stigma and discrimination include: conducting tutoring, training in mask craft, training in traditional musical instruments, and implementing teaching programs conducted by thugs.
Pengembangan augmented reality book berbasis situs peninggalan kebudayaan sebagai sumber belajar sejarah
Authors:   IKIP Budi Utomo Malang, Bashofi Ferdinan
Published: August 2021

Augmented Reality Book is the development of a book inspired by the development of Augmented Reality technology. A book that is developed combining books in the form of literacy works with the findings of archaeological relics created in 3D images to be displayed in books with the help of an android application. This research adheres to the development theory made by Plomp which consists of 1) Initial Phase, 2) Design Phase, 3) Product realization or manufacture stage, 4) Testing, assessment, and improvement phase, 5) Product testing phase. From the data on the results of filling in the research instrument in the form of a questionnaire, it was obtained that 80% of the student's response value or the percentage showed a positive value, as the assessment indicators were in good criteria, so a conclusion could be drawn that students were motivated by the use of learning resources Augmented Reality Book.
Pola penanganan korban perilaku perundungan (bullying) pada siswa SMPN Kecamatan Kediri Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors:   Universitas Mataram, Mabrur Haslan Muhammad , Fauzan Ahmad , Agus Tripayana I Nengah
Published: August 2021

This study aims (1) to describe the pattern of handling victims of bullying in SMP Negeri Kediri District, West Lombok Regency (2) to identify obstacles in the handling of victims of bullying in SMP Negeri students in Kediri District, Regency. West Lombok. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach. The research location was carried out in SMPs throughout Kediri District, West Lombok Regency. Determination of informants using snowball sampling. Data collection methods are depth interviews), observation and documentation. The Research Result have been analyzed so that it is obtained: (1) conducting information selection (supporting network). (2) conducting the mentoring or peer monitoring stage. (3) make use of peer group or peer befriending. (4) conduct counseling and mediation. (5) conduct socialization and control, namely efforts to provide the understanding and continuous monitoring of victims of bullying.
Una olimpíada desigual: la equidad de género en las empresas latinoamericanas y del Caribe
Authors: Basco Ana Inés , Barral Verna Ángeles , Monje Silva Andrea , Barafani Magdalena , Sant Anna Torres Natalia , Oueda Cruz Stephanie
Published: August 2021

Este estudio busca entender si existen brechas de género al interior de las firmas latinoamericanas y del Caribe en función de su perfil exportador y analiza en qué medida las características de las empresas, así como también los aspectos vinculados a la estructura económica y social de los países pueden influir en la desigualdad de género en las empresas de la región. El informe refleja la existencia de segregación vertical y horizontal en las empresas de la región y muestra cuáles son los determinantes de la equidad de género intrafirma. La existencia de mujeres en posiciones altas de decisión potencia a las mujeres en la empresa a crecer profesionalmente y acceder a mejores posiciones. También se comprobó que las capacitaciones a la fuerza laboral, el trabajo con tecnologías avanzadas y la cultura empresarial favorece también a la mujer como trabajadora. Finalmente, brinda recomendaciones de política.
El BID: Vol. 23, no. 4, abril 1996
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

EL BID informa sobre el desarrollo económico y social de América Latina y el Caribe y sobre las actividades del Banco. Se publica 10 veces al año en ingles, español, portugués y francés.
Accesibilidad al Ferrocarril Roca: análisis de datos masivos para la identificación de corredores con potencial de micromovilidad
Authors: González Felipe , Anapolsky Sebastián
Published: August 2021

El principal potencial de la micromovilidad en el contexto urbano radica en resolver el problema de la primera y última milla mejorando el acceso al transporte público y, por lo tanto, aumentando el acceso a servicios y oportunidades. Asimismo, la micromovilidad puede contribuir a cambios en los patrones y comportamientos de movilidad, disminuyendo la movilidad centrada en el automóvil. El uso de la micromovilidad en combinación con el transporte público masivo se basa en la sinergia producto de la complementariedad entre ambos modos, mientras que la micromovilidad ofrece flexibilidad y accesibilidad puerta a puerta de modo eficiente, el transporte público se caracteriza por una mayor velocidad y cobertura espacial. Esta sinergia posibilita un nivel de accesibilidad, velocidad y comodidad que puede competir con los atributos de los modos privados motorizados, contribuyendo en el desarrollo de ciudades más habitables, con menores niveles de congestión, contaminación atmosférica y acústica, un uso más eficiente del espacio, y menor cantidad de accidentes de tránsito. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es la identificación de corredores de alta densidad de viajes para poder informar decisiones sobre políticas o inversiones relacionadas con la movilidad sustentable y el uso de modos alternativos de transporte. Se analizan datos de la tarjeta del Sistema único de Boleto Electrónico (SUBE) utilizada por el transporte público en la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires para identificar corredores con alta densidad de viajes cortos haciendo foco en la zona de influencia de las estaciones del Ferrocarril Roca. El interés en analizar los viajes cortos surge de poder identificar zonas donde hay alta demanda de viajes de corta distancia ya que es factible suponer que estos corredores tienen alto potencial para el uso de la bicicleta o sistemas de micromovilidad.
Considerações jurídicas, éticas e médico-legais sobre a reprodução post mortem em alguns países da Ibero-América
Authors: Guzmán Lozano Jorge Armando , Takitane Juliana
Published: August 2021

A aplicação das técnicas de reprodução humana assistida após a morte de um dos genitores é uma realidade que vai ganhando relevância e apoio entre juízes e doutrinários, mas que ainda encontra uma ampla rejeição social, principalmente em face dos sérios conflitos morais, éticos e religiosos. Vários países da região vêm discutindo a adaptação de suas leis diante do crescimento da casuística. Neste estudo, é realizada uma análise comparativa da esfera jurídica, ética e médico-legal dos países ibero-americanos, por meio de uma revisão integrativa. Foram recuperados 21 estudos primários que abordam a situação normativa da Argentina, do Brasil, da Colômbia, da Espanha, do Peru, de Portugal e do Uruguai. Do conjunto, unicamente o Uruguai e a Espanha têm normatização permissiva para a reprodução post mortem. O primeiro de forma expressa e o último de forma im- plícita. A legislação de Portugal é proibitiva para a maioria das técnicas, à exceção da transferência póstuma de embriões. A Argentina, a Colômbia e o Peru estão desregulamentados. O Brasil encontra-se numa situação especial, pois, embora inexista regulamentação específica, debate-se o caráter vinculante de algumas normativas. Ainda, é discutido o papel da medicina legal ante os novos desafios bioéticos e biojurídicos, em termos práticos e teóricos, propondo uma participação no debate que antecede toda possível autorização.
End-of-life Decision-making and Religious Beliefs
Authors: Cruz Esquivel Juan , Irrazábal Gabriela
Published: August 2021

This paper analyzes the opinions on and attitudes towards the end of life among the population residing in Argentina. The data presented are taken from the Second National Survey of Religious Beliefs and Attitudes in Argentina, which was conducted on a multi-stage sample of 2421 cases in 89 districts throughout the country. Opinions about the end of life include positions in favor of euthanasia, requesting life extension through life support technologies, and leaving death to God’s will. Religious beliefs and affiliations prove to be determining variables in the positions taken by Argentine citizens regarding the end of life, death, and euthanasia. Furthermore, among those without any religious affiliation, some positions of autonomy over their bodies stand out: prolonging life and bringing life to an end, which means that their support for euthanasia can be assumed. The data presented here intend to contribute to planning health policies about the end-of-life process. The different views on this process or, in other words, the beliefs, values, and needs of patients and their families have a unique relevance that must be considered in the organization of care settings in end-of-life contexts.
Why Using Religious Arguments in the Euthanasia Discussion is Problematic
Authors: Boer Theodoor A.
Published: August 2021

In discussions about assisted dying (euthanasia, assisted suicide), those who argue ‘against’ legalisation often reason from a religious angle, whereas those ‘in favour’ adopt a secular stance. The Dutch experience is more nuanced: here, euthanasia advocacy largely originated from protestant religious believers. In this contribution, I criticise the use of religious arguments favouring any specific position. Religion may provide a heuristic context to explore norms relevant in the discussion, and religion may help us formulate our personal stance. But when it comes to societal debates (often focusing on whether or not to legalise euthanasia), we should concentrate on legal, societal, empirical, and ethical arguments that are understandable to all.
On criminal law approaches to the assessment of «friendly fire»
Authors: Ovcharov A.V.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the consideration of the phenomenon of «friendly fire» in modern military conflicts and the development of general criminal-legal approaches to its assessment. The article analyzes the causes of «friendly fire», discusses its types and provides the most famous cases of «fire on their own» in military history. Еhe article contains recommendations for determining the guilt of persons who committed cases of «friendly fire» and compares the phenomenon under consideration with the criminal-legal category of extreme necessity
Assessment of Psychomotor Recovery after Etomidate and Propofol Induction: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial
Authors: Kale Jyoti , Panse Neha , Maske Ketki , Nighukar Pranali
Published: August 2021

Background: The very idea of faster recovery and early ambulation has prompted patients to opt for day care surgeries. The concept of ERAS (enhanced recovery after surgery) is the backbone to achieve this goal. We conducted this study with primary objective to compare the post-operative recovery with etomidate and propofol in terms of early recovery (awakening), intermediate recovery (psychomotor and cognitive recovery) and ambulation “home readiness” and secondary objective to study the adverse effects.
Methods: 60 eligible patients scheduled for day care gynaecological procedures were randomised in two groups of 30 each. Group E received etomidate 0.2mg/kg and group P received propofol 2mg/kg. Early, intermediate and late postoperative recovery (ambulation) was studied in both groups.
Results: Demography between the groups were comparable while hemodynamic fluctuations were more with propofol (p>0.05), early recovery was faster with etomidate (p = 0.07), psychomotor tests revealed better alertness with etomidate (p= 0.1) and patient could ambulate earlier in etomidate group.
Conclusion: Both propofol and Etomidate facilitate early recovery but etomidate provides hemodynamic stability with early awakening, more alert patients and better ambulation and was found to be superior for day care surgeries.
Newer Airway Gadgets: Rescuers in Difficult Airway Scenarios
Authors: Deshpande Jyoti , Sadafule Namrata , Jacob Merlin Elizabeth
Published: August 2021

Background: As anaesthetists, we may constantly be in the learning curve of the management of difficult airway scenario. It can have a disastrous outcome if one is not adequately prepared with the right equipment. Over time there has been multiple ways to tackle difficult airway scenarios. Needless to say, appropriate airway gadgets are carefully chosen according to the surgery and patient characteristics. But what if these certain techniques fail? Then, what next? The inability to efficiently manage a difficult airway is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in anaesthetic practice. Here, we discuss 4 different case scenarios of difficult airway management.
case reports:Case 1 was a pediatric patient with TMJ ankylosis, with mouth opening 4mm, in whom we used the fibreoptic technique. Case 2- A failed fibreoptic attempt in a case of recurrent Ca oral cavity where we secured the airway using Airtraq videolaryngoscope. Case 3- A patient with post burn contracture over front of neck and anterior shoulder where we decided to use intubating laryngeal mask airway for securing airway and Case 4- An obese female patient posted for hysterolaparoscopy where we used the Laryngeal Mask Airway Supreme.
Conclusion: Effective usage of newer drugs, equipment and airway gadgets by technically skilled personnel, with sound clinical judgement are essential factors in reducing airway related adverse scenario and it is of utmost importance to keep these alternate gadgets handy and to be proficient with its usage.
Psychological Problems Among Patients With Chronic Medical Disorders During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Asadi-Pooya Ali Akbar , Nabavizadeh Seyed Ali , Sadeghian Saeid , Shahisavandi Mina , Barzegar Zohreh , Nezafat Abdullah , Ashjazadeh Nahid , Bazrafshan Drissi Hamed , Sahraian Ali
Published: August 2021

The aim of the current study was to investigate the rates of stress, anxiety, and depression among people in south Iran (a group from the general population without a history of any chronic medical problems, and cohorts of patients were recruited from epilepsy, diabetes, and cardiac disease clinics). We surveyed a sample of people during September 2020: a group of the general population without a history of any chronic medical problems, people with epilepsy, people with diabetes mellitus (DM), and people with cardiac problems. The survey included four general questions and two COVID-19 specific questions [contracting COVID-19, relatives with COVID-19]. Furthermore, the survey included the DASS (Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale)-21 questionnaire. 487 people were surveyed (154 people with epilepsy, 127 patients with DM, 98 people with cardiac problems, and 108 healthy individuals). Among people without a history of any chronic medical illnesses, 14% had any psychological problems. The highest rates of depression and anxiety were observed among patients with DM (52% and 57%, respectively), and the highest rate of increased stress was observed among people with cardiac problems (40%). The existence of any underlying medical problem was significantly associated with higher rates of depression, anxiety, and stress among the participants. While many patients with underlying chronic medical conditions suffer from depression, anxiety, and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic, we cannot establish a cause and effect relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and increased psychological problems among these patients.
Insomnia and Its Related Factors in Elderly Population of Tehran, Iran
Authors: Hassani Somayeh , Adimi Naghan Parisa , Sadr Makan , Malekmohammad Majid , Setareh Javad , Seyedmehdi Seyed Mohammad
Published: August 2021

Background and Objective: The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of insomnia and its related factors among elderly population of Tehran, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Data were collected by a three-part questionnaire. The first part included demographic information; the second part contained data on weight, height, neck circumference, menstruation status, diabetes, hypertension (HTN), and heart disease. The third part contained questions about Insomnia Screening Questionnaire (ISQ). Cluster sampling was used and 651 samples were selected for the present study.
Results: The prevalence of insomnia was significantly higher in female, single, and illiterate subjects and also in subjects with chronic diseases, psychological disorders, circadian rhythm disorder, restless legs syndrome (RLS), parasomnia, and sleep apnea.
Conclusion: According to this study, insomnia is common among elderly population of Tehran, and there is a relationship between this disorder and chronic diseases, psychological disorders, and sleep disorders.
Caracterización de la tipología familiar en los funcionarios de la Policía Nacional
Authors: Hernández González Ángel Uriel , Cortés Olarte Gonzalo Andrés
Published: August 2021

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo, describir y caracterizar la estructura y tipología familiar de los funcionarios que hacen parte de la Policía Nacional. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo, con alcance descriptivo. En el estudio se analizaron los datos de 152.186 funcionarios, los cuales fueron extraídos del Sistema de Información para la Administración del Talento Humano “SIATH”. Los resultados indican una diversificación de tipologías familiares, dentro de las cuales se evidencia mayor prevalencia de familias nucleares biparentales y familias unipersonales. Así mismo se evidenció una alta tasa de familias monoparentales en comparación con el resultado obtenido en la población colombiana según la Encuesta Nacional de Demografía y Salud ENDS 2015.
Implicaciones de la conurbación en el sentido de comunidad y el apoyo social de la comunidad de Jongovito (San Juan de Pasto)
Authors: Ruano Bermúdez Freddy Arley , Quiroz Tepud Angela Jessica , Narváez Burbano Jonnathan Harvey
Published: August 2021

El acelerado crecimiento de las ciudades en Latinoamérica ha permitido el desarrollo de fenómenos sociales como la conurbación, donde las nuevas dinámicas afectan la salud mental de los habitantes; de esta manera, el objetivo es analizar las implicaciones de la conurbación en el sentido de comunidad y el apoyo social. El estudio se desarrolló a través de la metodología cualitativa, el enfoque histórico hermenéutico y el tipo de estudio microetnografía, usando las técnicas observación participante, grupo focal y mapa parlante. Los resultados evidencian que existe una afectación en los componentes, expresados en la pérdida de valores e identidad, las dificultades en las relaciones sociales, problemas de salud pública y redes de apoyo, permitiendo analizar a profundidad las transformaciones psicosociales que han experimentado los habitantes de la comunidad a raíz del crecimiento urbano y la importancia que representan los factores psicosociales como determinantes de la salud mental comunitaria.
Bienestar psicológico y virtud del coraje en adolescentes tardíos
Authors: José Soler María , García Álvarez Diego
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el bienestar psicológico y la virtud del coraje en la adolescencia tardía, sus posibles relaciones y su diferenciación por sexo. Metodológicamente obedece a un diseño no experimental, transeccional correlacional, con una muestra de 345 adolescentes. Para la recolección de datos se emplearon escalas psicológicas para medir las variables de bienestar psicológico y virtud del coraje, los mismos fueron analizados a través de estadística inferencial no paramétrica. Los resultados son: a) niveles medios de bienestar y virtud del coraje en adolescentes, b) no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en bienestar y la virtud del coraje de acuerdo al sexo, y c) correlaciones positivas estadísticamente significativas entre la virtud del coraje y el bienestar psicológico con cada una de sus dimensiones. Los resultados son discutidos desde la perspectiva de la psicología evolutiva de la adolescencia y la psicología positiva.