bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Glagoljične preferencije učenika polaznika izvannastavne aktivnosti mali glagoljaši u razrednoj nastavi
Authors: Runtić Blanka
Published: May 2021

U današnje doba globalizacije i interkulturalne komunikacije nameće se važnost očuvanja glagoljične baštine kao važnog dijela hrvatskog identiteta i kulture. Ona je posljednjih godina prisutna u društvenoj svijesti, znanosti, umjetnosti, poduzetništvu, ali i u djelatnosti odgoja i obrazovanja. Ipak, prema dosadašnjim saznanjima glagoljaške izvannastavne aktivnosti još uvijek su iznimno rijetke među djecom mlađeg školskog uzrasta. Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je utvrditi stavove učenika polaznika izvannastavne aktivnosti Mali glagoljaši u četvrtome razredu osnovne škole prema navedenoj izvannastavnoj aktivnosti i njihove glagoljične preferencije prema nastavnim cjelinama. Utvrđeno je da ispitanici imaju izrazito pozitivan stav prema izvannastavnoj aktivnosti Mali glagoljaši (93%) te da su im omiljene cjeline Igre na glagoljici i Kreativne radionice. Učenici su izrazili pozitivan stav i prema cjelinama Pisanje brojeva i Glagoljska kaligrafija. Nije utvrđen negativan stav prema nijednoj cjelini, ali im se ipak Vježbe čitanja i Uvod u glagoljicu nešto manje sviđaju od ostalih. Rezultati ovog istraživanja postavljaju temelj za opravdanost osnivanja glagoljaških skupina u razrednoj nastavi, ali i uključivanje nekih glagoljičnih nastavnih cjelina ili njihovih dijelova u realizaciju predmetnih kurikuluma i kurikuluma međupredmetnih tema.
Karijerni centri: podrška studentima u upravljanju karijerom
Authors: Kotlar Vilma
Published: May 2021

Osnivanje karijernih centara u javnim visokoobrazovnim ustanovama u Hrvatskoj u značajnom je porastu u proteklih nekoliko godina. Poticaj toj praksi bila je Strategija cjeloživotnoga profesionalnog usmjeravanja (CPU) i razvoja karijere 2016. – 2020., koju je donijela Vlada Republike Hrvatske, kao i razni oblici neformalnog stručnog usavršavanja za karijerne savjetnike, koji su potom uslijedili u organizaciji Agencije za znanost i visoko obrazovanje ili postali dostupni putem Euroguidance mreže (europska mreža nacionalnih centara za podršku profesionalnom usmjeravanju) čiji je član nacionalni Euroguidance centar koji djeluje u okviru hrvatske Agencije za mobilnost i programe Europske unije. Među stručnjacima za pitanja karijere prevladava stajalište da je karijeru potrebno kontinuirano usmjeravati te po potrebi preusmjeravati i nanovo oblikovati. Za upravljanje karijerom potrebne su vještine koje treba stjecati tijekom školovanja, kako bi se nakon završetka školovanja lakše i brže pronalazilo radno mjesto. Međutim, suvremeno dinamično tržište rada, gotovo da više ne poznaje radno mjesto za cijeli život, zbog čega nam je potrebno cjeloživotno profesionalno stručno usavršavanje, a time i kontinuirana podrška i usmjeravanje, koje u sustavu visokog obrazovanju trebaju osigurati karijerni centri. Iz tog razloga potrebno je ojačati postojeće karijerne centre i formirati ih gdje nedostaju, pri čemu je potrebno osigurati stalna radna mjesta jer visoka učilišta ne mogu dugoročno planirati uspostavljanje i razvoj karijernih centara oslanjajući se na volontere i zaposlenike privremeno ili djelomično zaposlenih na projektima.
Dječja poezija u zadarskom dječjem listu prijatelj malenih (1915. – 1917.)
Authors: Bacalja Robert , Katić Mirisa
Published: May 2021

U radu se analizira sadržaj dječjega euharistijskog listića Prijatelj malenih, pokrenut u Zadru ratne 1915. godine koji je izlazio zaključno s 1917. Urednik je bio franjevac Hugolin Didon (u prvom broju podršku mu je dao i zadarski nadbiskup Vinko Pulišić), s nakanom izlaženja „za malene službenike i službenice Presv. Sakramenta, za hrvatsku učeću mladež obojega spola i kršćanske obitelji.“ Interpretiraju se književni prilozi vjerske i poučne tematike koje potpisuju suradnici i suradnice pod pseudonimima: Rosanda, Anjeza, Tiehomir f…, Levina, Karla, Pere Milošev, A. Kontin i drugi. Također se ističe i suradnju Ljubimira Jurića, najprije nadučitelja u Biogradu, a poslije na Voštarnici u Zadru. Bio je stalni i najproduktivniji autor uglavnom prigodne dječje poezije u listu koji je vjerski orijentiran, ali donosi i sadržaje poučnog i zabavnog karaktera. U duhu katoličkog nauka s poukom razmatraju se mnoge teme: Isusov život, životi svetaca, marljivost, nesebičnost, domoljublje, rat, poslušnost i dr.
Žanrovska struktura hrvatske dječje književnosti u desetljeću nakon drugoga svjetskog rata
Authors: Majhut Berislav
Published: May 2021

Hrvatska dječja književnost u jugoslavenskom okviru u desetljeću neposredno nakon 1945. slabo je istražena tako da joj se čak implicite pripisuju žanrovska određenja (naime, to je dio Lovrakova doba koje, prema Milanu Crnkoviću, traje od 1933. do 1956.) poput dominacije proznih vrsta što nikako ne odgovara stvarnome stanju. Jedinstvena povijesna situacija u kojoj se radikalno odbacuje književna tradicija, a s druge strane grozničavo traga za novom dječjom književnošću, koja još vruća mora poslužiti nastanku novog djeteta, djeteta u kojeg je položeno sjeme budućeg novog socijalističkog čovjeka, morala je tražiti svoj izraz u pjesmi, vihoru, poletu. Tek će uvid u žanrovsku strukturu, u kojoj dominira poezija (a prije svega poema kao narativna vrsta i kratke himničke pjesme) te istraživanje uzroka takvog stanja, u književnosti rasvijetliti duboku vezu strukture dječje književnosti te društvenoga i povijesnoga konteksta. Pokazat će se da će vrlo brzo revolucionarni zanos skliznuti u zanatstvo i honorarnu zaradu što će poprimiti takve razmjere da će tu pojavu trebati i zakonski regulirati.
Slika poezije u čitankama
Authors: Grahovac - Pražić Vesna , Vrsaljko Slavica
Published: May 2021

U radu se govori o zastupljenosti poezije u udžbenicima za primarno obrazovanje. Poetski odgoj počinje u predškolskom razdoblju, a sustavno od polaska u prvi razred osnovne škole. Izbor pjesničkih tekstova i odgovarajući metodički instrumentarij značajni su u komunikaciji i recepciji poezije mlađih osnovaca. Udžbenici se promatraju temeljem načela kod izbora tekstova, a to je nacionalni, estetski, pedagoški i recepcijski. Analizom jednog udžbeničkog kompleta, od prvog do četvrtog razreda, za primarno obrazovanje pokazuje se zastupljenost poezije u udžbenicima u odnosu na ostale književne rodove, odnos klasične i suvremene poezije i tematska raznolikost poezije. Analiza je pokazala dobru zastupljenost pjesničkih tekstova. Razvidna je neujednačenost u zastupljenosti nacionalnog i svjetskog kanona. Očekivano je prisutna tematska raznolikost s posebnim položajem tematiziranja svijeta djeteta i djetinjstva.
Nova kontekstualizacija starog vrela – Kasiodorove Variae o kasnoantičkoj Istri
Authors: Gračanin Hrvoje
Published: May 2021

Podaci iz zbirke Različite poslanice (Variae epistulae) italorimskog aristokrata, visokoga ostrogotskog dužnosnika i učenjaka Flavija Magna Aurelija Kasiodora Senatora (5./6. st.), koji govore o prilikama na istočnoj obali Jadrana u prvoj polovici 6. stoljeća već su poznati. Od prve cjelovitije ekonomsko-povijesne analize Kasiodorovih podataka o Istri u hrvatskoj historiografiji u članku Roberta Matijašića iz 1988. godine, „Kasiodorova pisma kao izvor za poznavanje kasnoantičke povijesti Istre (Cass. Var. XII, 22, 23, 24)“, prošlo je već više od tri desetljeća, pa ih je prikladno ponovno razmotriti i nakon što su se njima u međuvremenu bili pozabavili Andrej Novak u knjizi L’Istria nella prima età bizantina objelodanjenoj 2007. godine i, u najnovije vrijeme, Rajko Bratož u članku „La produzione e il consumo di alimenti nella provincia della Venetia et Histria al tempo de Goti orientali“ izišlu 2016. godine. Cilj je ovoga rada podatke iznova kontekstualizirati u širem istočnojadranskom okruženju te problematizirati prethodne zaključke. Polazeći od postojećih rezultata, nakana je stvoriti relevantnu istraživačku sliku koja može pridonijeti boljem razumijevanju ekonomskog stanja u kasnoantičkoj Istri te biti podlogom za razumijevanje srednjovjekovnih prilika.
Analiza utjecaja informacijsko-komunikacijskih tehnologija na inozemni turizam Republike Hrvatske
Authors: Baldigara Tea , Penić Sara
Published: May 2021

U suvremenim uvjetima poslovanja razvoj informacijsko-komunikacijskih tehnologija značajno utječe na turizam. Internet je nedvojbeno najznačajnija svjetska društvena pojava koja danas predstavlja pitanje velikih interesa i istraživanja. Prema statistici o korištenju interneta, u lipnju 2019. godine broj korisnika interneta u svijetu iznosio je više od 4 milijarde. Pretpostavljajući da su uspon interneta kao i razvoj ostalih informacijsko-komunikacijskih tehnologija značajno promijenili i utjecali na suvremene načine komunikacije i poslovanja u turističkom sektoru, njihovo bolje razumijevanje svakako zahtijeva detaljniju i sustavnu kvalitativnu i kvantitativnu analizu. Analiza turističke potražnje koja proizlazi iz korištenja informacijsko-komunikacijskih tehnologija, interneta i društvenih mreža postaje ključan element prognoziranja budućih vrijednosti s obzirom na sve više prisutne nove trendove temeljene na korištenju informacijsko-komunikacijskih tehnologija. Svrha rada je analizirati postojanje utjecaja broja internetskih korisnika u svijetu na inozemni turizam Republike Hrvatske, definiranjem adekvatnoga kvantitativnoga modela, kao matematičke funkcije koja ispituje postojanje povezanosti između broja dolazaka stranih turista u Republiku Hrvatsku i nezavisnih varijabli koje odražavaju potencijalni utjecaj koji informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije imaju na inozemni turizam. Modeliranje je provedeno višestrukom regresijskom analizom, a prognostička moć modela evaluirana je prosječnom apsolutnom postotnom te prosječnom apsolutnom prognostičkom pogreškom. Rezultati istraživanja i provedena ispitivanja pokazala su da postoji značajan pozitivan odnos između odabranih varijabli te da je dizajnirani model adekvatan za opisivanje kretanja odabranih varijabli.
Luksuzni turizam i stavovi dionika – odabrani obalni gradovi Hrvatske
Authors: Gržinić Jasmina , Bobanović Mieta
Published: May 2021

Elitni turizam pojavljuje se u nizu selektivnih oblika turizma (kulturni, sportski i dr.) i stoga se često pojmovno različito definira (luksuzni, premium, visokokvalitetni, specijalizirani, alternativni, transformativni). Destinacije orijentirane dodanim koristima za klijenta i razvoju partnerstava bolje konkuriraju na tržištu elitnog turizma. U hrvatskom turizmu pojedine se destinacije nazivaju destinacijama elitnog turizma. Međutim, postoje razlike u razvoju hrvatskih obalnih destinacija koje teže visoko kvalitetnom turizmu. Cilj rada je ispitati stavove dionika odabranih obalnih gradova o razini razvoja elitnog turizma. Svrha istraživanja je ukazati na potrebne izmjene modela razvoja turizma (zbog rizika pojave negativnih eksternalija u vidu zagađenja, buke, gužvi, poteškoće prilaza destinaciji, nedostatka ambijentalnosti) koji ne ide u prilog turistima visoke platežne moći već ih usmjerava drugim destinacijama. Ispitani su stavovi dionika obalnih destinacija kombiniranom metodom prikupljanja podataka (metoda anketiranja i dubinski intervju). Rezultati istraživanja upućuju na izostanak uravnoteženog razvoja destinacije u turističkom sustavu. U varijablama destinacijske ponude oko varijable dodane ponude i usluge procjenitelji su bili najmanje ujedinjeni. Doprinos rada su preporuke javnom i privatnom sektoru kao i lokalnom stanovništvu za unaprjeđenje segmenta luksuznih ponuda i razmišljanja o implementacijama inicijativa turizma globalne razine.
Twenty-five years after Dolly – How far have we come?
Authors: Klinger Bernhard , Schnieke Angelika
Published: May 2021

For more than a century the scientific consensus stated that a nucleus from a terminally differentiated cell would not be able to control the development of offspring. This theory was refuted by the birth of Dolly, the first animal generated by nuclear transfer using an adult somatic cell as nuclear donor. Following this paradigm shift, a wide variety of animals has been cloned using somatic cell nuclear transfer. Coupled with modern genome engineering technology somatic cell nuclear transfer has become the method of choice for the generation of genetically modified farm animals. This has opened new opportunities to study the function of genes and has led to the establishment of animal models for a variety of human conditions and diseases or to improve the health of livestock animals.
A Study of the Logistic Exponentiated-Exponential Distribution and Its Applications
Authors: M. Mansoor  , Gauss M. Cordeiro  , M. Zubair
Published: May 2021

The logistic-X (LX) family of distributions based on the logistic random variable was formulated recently by Tahir et al. [1]. We study a new special model of this family called the logistic exponentiated-exponential (LEE) distribution. Its density function can be symmetric, left-skewed, right-skewed, and reversed-J shaped, and its hazard rate can be decreasing and upside-down bathtub shapes. We provide a useful power series for its quantile function and a mixture representation for its density function. The parameters of the LEE model are estimated by maximum likelihood. Three Ozone data sets are modeled to illustrate the applicability of the new model.
Needs of adults education stakeholders
Authors: Kobylarek Aleksander , Jakubowska Luba , Błaszczyński Kamil
Published: May 2021

The presented report contains information about the educational needs and the quantitative evaluation of AE organisations and NGO workers in the consortium countries (Poland, France, Italy and Portugal) and other EU and non-EU countries. The research sample contained 1,176 participants. Importantly, the fact that the research was conducted not only in the consortium countries but also in other countries guarantees that the obtained results are symptomatic for European AE sector.
Potrzeby szkoleniowe w zakresie kompetencji kluczowych osób dorosłych
Authors: Kobylarek Aleksander , Jakubowska Luba , Błaszczyński Kamil
Published: May 2021

Prezentowany raport, zawiera informacje o potrzebach edukacyjnych oraz ilościową ewaluację instytucji zatrudniających edukatorów osób dorosłych oraz pracowników NGO w krajach partnerów projektu (Polska, Francja, Włochy, Portugalia), w innych krajach europejskich i niektórych krajach pozaeuropejskich.W badaniu wzięło udział 1176 ankietowanych. Istotny jest fakt, że badanie było przeprowadzone w różnych krajach – nie tylko w krajach partnerów  realizujących projekt. Stanowi to gwarancję, że uzyskane wyniki, odzwierciedlają sytuację europejskiego sektora edukacji dorosłych.
Transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) e os processos de reconhecimento em contextos educacionais: relações de poder e resistência
Authors: Torres Marco Antonio , Carolina Alves Silva Ana , Da Silva Estevam Vanessa
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo analisou os desafios do desenvolvimento psicossocial no contexto da educação básica, a partir de discursos acerca de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Como metodologia de pesquisa, elegeu-se o levantamento bibliográfico, bem como a entrevista narrativa com uma mãe de duas crianças diagnosticadas com a Síndrome de Asperger, que entendemos dentro do TEA. Utilizamos a noção de reconhecimento a partir de Butler (2015) para dialogar com os objetivos da pesquisa. Os resultados indicaram como os processos de reconhecimento das pessoas com deficiência no contexto escolar ainda são insuficientes, por isso exigem formas de resistências aos discursos de assujeitamento destas pessoas. As investigações também indicaram a importância de cooperação entre familiares e profissionais da educação para o reconhecimento das pessoas com deficiência. Por fim, as análises destacaram a luta de uma mãe, mobilizada pela razão e pelos afetos, nas relações de poder e resistência no contexto de uma educação inclusiva ainda insuficiente.
Referencial curricular gaúcho para o Ensino Médio de 2021: contexto de produção, ciências da natureza e questões étnico-raciais
Authors: Massoni Neusa Teresinha , Alves-Brito Alan , Cunha Alexander Montero
Published: May 2021

A rápida construção do Referencial Curricular Gaúcho para o Ensino Médio tornou saliente muitos dos contrassensos presentes nas políticas educacionais no Brasil. Neste trabalho discutimos alguns destes contrassensos a partir de um triplo olhar: sobre a participação da academia no contexto de produção, sobre a área de Ciências da Natureza no Ensino Médio e sobre as questões étnico-raciais presentes (ou não) nesta mesma área. Nossa análise mostra uma limitada participação da academia decorrente da forma enrijecida de construção do Referencial Curricular Gaúcho, desenvolvido a partir da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Esta forma enrijecida resultou em um tratamento superficial dos conhecimentos a serem trabalhados nas Ciências da Natureza justificado inadequadamente por uma abordagem interdisciplinar. Resultou também em um afastamento das políticas educacionais em voga até 2015, um reducionismo do direito à educação e uma total falta de discussões étnico-raciais na área de ciências. São resultados que trazem preocupação ao não considerar as complexas relações existentes entre os agentes participativos do sistema educacional brasileiro e gaúcho, o que poderá trazer prejuízos futuros à Educação Científica.
Role of Pediatrician in Early Risk Evaluation, Diagnosis and Management of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Ustinova Nataliya V. , Namazova-Baranova Leyla S.
Published: May 2021

The article discusses recent ideas about autism: classification approaches, incidence, etiology and pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and diagnosis, comorbid medical conditions, early detection approaches and medical care for children with autism spectrum disorders. The focus is on the information needed for pediatricians in their practice to provide effective medical care for children with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Increasing mTORC1 Pathway Activity or Methionine Supplementation during Pregnancy Reverses the Negative Effect of Maternal Malnutrition on the Developing Kidney
Authors: Makayes Yaniv , Resnick Elad , Hinden Liad , Aizenshtein Elina , Shlomi Tomer , Kopan Raphael , Nechama Morris , Volovelsky Oded
Published: May 2021

Significance Statement

Kidney development ceases at the end of the third trimester of pregnancy, with no new nephrons forming after birth even with numerous injuries. Therefore, the intrauterine environment, as the maternal nutritional state, has a high effect on the risk of kidney disease when the fetus reaches adulthood. Impairment of mTOR pathway activity and methionine metabolism in nephron progenitor cells play a pivotal role in mediating the effect of caloric restriction during pregnancy on nephron endowment in a mouse model. Increasing the activity of the mTOR pathway or methionine supplementation during pregnancy reverses the negative effect of maternal malnutrition on the developing kidney. These results highlight new interventions to improve nephrogenesis in high-risk pregnancies.

Background

Low nephron number at birth is associated with a high risk of CKD in adulthood because nephrogenesis is completed in utero. Poor intrauterine environment impairs nephron endowment via an undefined molecular mechanism. A calorie-restricted diet (CRD) mouse model examined the effect of malnutrition during pregnancy on nephron progenitor cells (NPCs).

Methods

Daily caloric intake was reduced by 30% during pregnancy. mRNA expression, the cell cycle, and metabolic activity were evaluated in sorted Six2 NPCs. The results were validated using transgenic mice, oral nutrient supplementation, and organ cultures.

Results

Maternal CRD is associated with low nephron number in offspring, compromising kidney function at an older age. RNA-seq identified cell cycle regulators and the mTORC1 pathway, among other pathways, that maternal malnutrition in NPCs modifies. Metabolomics analysis of NPCs singled out the methionine pathway as crucial for NPC proliferation and maintenance. Methionine deprivation reduced NPC proliferation and lowered NPC number per tip in embryonic kidney cultures, with rescue from methionine metabolite supplementation. Importantly, in vivo, the negative effect of caloric restriction on nephrogenesis was prevented by adding methionine to the otherwise restricted diet during pregnancy or by removing one Tsc1 allele in NPCs.

Conclusions

These findings show that mTORC1 signaling and methionine metabolism are central to the cellular and metabolic effects of malnutrition during pregnancy on NPCs, contributing to nephrogenesis and later, to kidney health in adulthood.
Serum Total Homocysteine and Cardiovascular Disease Occurrence in Chronic, Stable Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: DUCLOUX DIDIER , MOTTE GE[Combining Acute Accent]RARD , CHALLIER BRUNO , GIBEY ROGER , CHALOPIN JEAN-MARC
Published: May 2021

Renal transplant recipients have disproportionately high rates of arteriosclerotic outcomes, and recent studies provided controlled evidence that clinically stable renal transplant recipients have an excess prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia. Few studies suggest that hyperhomocysteinemia may be a cardiovascular risk factor in renal transplant recipients. In the study presented here, the association between atherosclerotic events and homocysteine concentrations was examined in 207 stable renal transplant recipients. The role of hyperhomocysteinemia was analyzed with respect to other known cardio-vascular risk factors. The mean follow-up was 21.2 ± 1.9 mo (range, 14 to 26). Mean total homocysteine (tHcy) was 21.1 ± 9.5 μmol/L and median concentration was 19 μmol/L. Seventy percent of patients (n = 153) were hyperhomocysteinemic (values >15 μmol/L). tHcy correlated negatively with folate concentration (r = -0.3; P <0.01). tHcy was closely related to creatinine concentration (r = 0.54; P < 0.001). Cardiovascular disease events (CVE) including death were observed in 30 patients (14.5%; 7.34 events per 1000 person-months of follow-up). Fasting tHcy values were higher in patients who experienced CVE (31.5 ± 10.3 versus 17.8 ± 7.5; P < 0.001). Cox regression analysis showed that tHcy was a risk factor for cardiovascular complications (relative risk [RR] 1.06; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.04 to 1.09; P < 0.0001). This corresponds to an increase in RR for CVE of 6% per μmol/L increase in tHcy concentration. Age (RR 1.55; 95% CI, 1.09 to 2.19; P < 0.01) and creatinine concentration (RR 1.34; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.66; P < 0.01) were also independent predictor for CVE. This study demonstrates that elevated fasting tHcy is an independent risk factor for the development of CVE in chronic stable renal transplant recipients. Randomized, place-bo-controlled homocysteine studies of the effect of tHcy lowering on CVE rates are urgently required in this patient population.
Novel Mutations in Thiazide-Sensitive Na-Cl Cotransporter Gene of Patients with Gitelman's Syndrome
Authors: MONKAWA TOSHIAKI , KURIHARA ISAO , KOBAYASHI KAZUO , HAYASHI MATSUHIKO , SARUTA TAKAO
Published: May 2021

Gitelman's syndrome (GS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypocalciuria that has recently been reported to be linked to thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter (TSC) gene mutations. In this study, possible mutations in the TSC gene of six Japanese patients clinically diagnosed with GS were investigated. Twenty-six exons encoding TSC were amplified by PCR and then completely sequenced by the direct sequencing method. Patient A showed a missense mutation of Arg 642 to Cys on the paternal allele and a missense mutation of Val 578 to Met and a 2-bp deletion (nucleotide 2543-2544) on the maternal allele. This deletion results in a frameshift that alters codon 837 to encode a stop signal rather than phenylalanine, and it is predicted to lead to loss of the latter half of the intracellular carboxy terminus. In the second family, two affected sisters, patients B and C, had a homozygous missense mutation of Thr 180 to Lys. Both of their parents, who are consanguineously married, have a heterozygous Thr180Lys mutation. Patient D has a homozygous mutation Thr180Lys, which is the same as the second family. Haplotype analysis indicates that patients B and C are not related to patient D. In patients E and F, we could identify only one mutant allele; Ala569Glu and Leu849His, respectively. All of the mutations identified are novel except for the Arg642Cys mutation, which has been found in a Japanese GS patient. Although further in vitro study is required to prove that the mutations are responsible for GS, it is possible that Thr180Lys and Arg642Cys mutations might be common mutations in Japanese GS.
Lovastatin Inhibits Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Expression in Diabetic Rat Glomeruli and Cultured Rat Mesangial Cells
Authors: KIM SUNG IL , HAN DONG CHEOL , LEE HI BAHL
Published: May 2021

Diabetic nephropathy is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease and is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the glomeruli. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is the major mediator of excessive accumulation of ECM proteins in diabetic nephropathy through upregulation of genes encoding ECM proteins as well as downregulation of genes for ECM-degrading enzymes. It has been shown that lovastatin, an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase, delays the onset and progression of different models of experimental nephropathy. To evaluate the effect of lovastatin on the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy, streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were studied for 12 mo. In untreated diabetic rats, there were significant increases in blood glucose, urine albumin excretion, kidney weight, glomerular volume, and TGF-β1 mRNA expression in the glomeruli compared with normal control rats treated with citrate buffer only. Treatment with lovastatin in diabetic rats significantly suppressed the increase in urine albumin excretion, kidney weight, glomerular volume, and TGF-β1 mRNA expression despite high blood glucose levels. To elucidate the mechanisms of the renal effects of lovastatin, rat mesangial cells were cultured under control (5.5 mM) or high (30 mM) glucose with lovastatin alone, mevalonate alone, or with both. Under high glucose, TGF-β1 and fibronectin mRNA and proteins were upregulated. These high glucose-induced changes were suppressed by lovastatin (10 μM) and nearly completely restored by mevalonate (100 μM). These results suggest that lovastatin has a direct cellular effect independent of a cholesterol-lowering effect and delays the onset and progression of diabetic nephropathy, at least in part, through suppression of glomerular expression of TGF-β1.
Electrophysiologic Characterization of an Organic Anion Transporter Cloned from Winter Flounder Kidney (fROAT)
Authors: BURCKHARDT BIRGITTA CHRISTINA , WOLFF NATASCHA A. , BURCKHARDT GERHARD
Published: May 2021

The two-electrode voltage clamp technique was used to demonstrate translocation of p-aminohippurate (PAH) and related compounds such as loop diuretics in Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing the renal organic anion transporter from winter flounder kidney (fROAT). In fROAT-expressing oocytes, PAH (0.1 mM) induced a depolarization of 4.2 ± 0.4 mV and at a holding potential of -60 mV an inward current of -22.6 ± 3.5 nA. PAH-induced current and the current calculated from [3H]-PAH uptake were of similar magnitude. Depolarization, inward current, and current-to-uptake relation indicated exchange of the monovalent PAH with a divalent anion, possibly α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), causing net efflux of one negative charge. The kinetic analysis of PAH-induced currents revealed that translocation is dependent on membrane potential, saturable with an apparent K
m of 58 ± 8 μM, and sensitive to probenecid and furosemide. In contrast to probenecid and furosemide, the loop diuretics bumetanide, ethacrynic acid, and tienilic acid and the nephrotoxic mycotoxin ochratoxin A elicited inward currents indicating translocation through fROAT. Substrate-dependent currents provide a tool to elucidate the structure/function relationship of the renal organic anion transporter.
Influence of Dental Treatment on Outcome of Graves’ Disease Treated with Anti-Thyroid Drug
Authors: T Yamamoto
Published: May 2021

Purpose: The relations between Time Courses (TCs) of anti-TSH receptor auto-antibodies (TRAb) during Anti-Thyroid Drug (ATD) treatment and the outcome of Graves’ Disease (GD) were sought in relation to dental treatment.
Elevated Liver Enzymes and its Association with Type Two Diabetes Mellitus: The Occurrence in Yemeni Population
Authors: LSB Dahman , MA Humam , NS Musiaan , AM Daakik , MA Balfas
Published: May 2021

This case-control study was aimed to investigate the association between elevated liver enzymes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Yemeni patients. This present study comprising 142 T2D patients and 142 healthy control subjects were recruited from the diabetic outpatient clinic of Ibn-Sina Hospital in Mukalla during the period from 1st January to 30th May 2020. Serum fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were analyzed using the Cobas Integra Plus 400 autoanalyzer. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were taken from each participant. T2D patients had significantly higher FBG (P ≤ 0.0001), total cholesterol (P ≤ 0.0001), LDL-C (P ≤ 0.0001), and GGT (P ≤ 0.0001) while, HDL-C was significantly lower in T2D patients (P= 0.021). Serum ALT and GGT levels were significantly associated with increased incident T2D risk (P= 0.006 for ALT and 0.022 for GGT), and the odds ratios at 95% CI comparing the highest versus lower tertiles of ALT and GGT were 2.75(2.01-3.48) and 1.17(1.83-6.42) respectively. In conclusion, markedly elevated ALT and GGT are positively associated with increased blood glucose levels and are used as predictive biomarkers for developing a higher risk of diabetes. Thus, routine screening of ALT and GGT in T2D patients is recommended for the early detection of liver disorders.
Roman bronze gladiators: A new figurine of a murmillo from Brigetio
Authors: Bartus Dávid
Published: May 2021

In summer 2019 a bronze figurine of a gladiator came to light during the excavations in the praetentura of the legionary fortress of Brigetio. This paper will briefly review all known bronze gladiator figurines from Brigetio, as well as the representations of gladiators in Roman art.
The brick architecture of the governor’s palace in Aquincum
Authors: Havas Zoltán
Published: May 2021

Abstract of PhD thesis submitted in 2019 to the Archaeology Doctoral Programme, Doctoral School of History, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest under the supervision of Dénes Gabler.
Test excavation of the “pseudo-ditch” system of the Late Neolithic settlement complex at Öcsöd-Kováshalom on the Great Hungarian Plain
Authors: Füzesi András , Rassmann Knut , Bánffy Eszter , Hoehler-Brockmann Hajo , Kalla Gábor , Szabó Nóra , Szilágyi Márton , Raczky Pál
Published: May 2021

In 2018, the RGK’s research team led by Knut Rassmann undertook the magnetometer survey of the Late Neolithic site of Öcsöd-Kováshalom over a roughly 65 ha large area. An enclosure system of three concentric semi-circular ditches was detected around the tell-like mound that formed the core of the settlement. In order to resolve these issues, we organised a small field school excavation with the support of the RGK and with the participation of the archaeology students of the ELTE Institute of Archaeological Sciences between July 13 and 25, 2020. We opened an 8×2 m trial trench across the north-eastern part of the innermost ditch appearing on the magnetogram. We uncovered a ditch segment with a V-shaped cross-section, a width of 315 cm and a depth of 295 cm. We recovered a total of 17,430 finds with a weight of 194.4 kg (pottery sherds, daub, animal bones, bone tools, chipped and polished stone implements, quern stones, mussels, and ochre). In our preliminary report, we made a reconstruction of infilling process based on the quantitative distribution of the finds (frequency and weight data) and the different characteristics of the fill layers.
Human remains unearthed in settlement context from the Late Bronze Age – Early Iron Age (Reinecke BD–HaB3) Northeastern Hungary
Authors: Király Ágnes
Published: May 2021

Abstract of PhD thesis submitted in 2020 to the Archaeology Doctoral Programme, Doctoral School of History, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest under the supervision of Gábor V. Szabó.
Czajlik, Z. – Črešnar, M. – Doneus, M. – Fera, M. – Hellmith Kramberger, A. – Mele, M. (eds): Researching Archaelogical Landscapes Across Borders – Strategies, Methods and Decisions for the 21th Century. Archaeolingua, Graz–Budapest, 2019.
Authors: Mesterházy Gábor
Published: May 2021

The reviewed volume is one output of the Interreg DTP Monumentalized Early Iron Age Landscapes in the Danube river basin (acronym Iron-Age-Danube) program, which involved professionals from Austria, Croatia, Hungary, Slovakia and Slovenia.
Human Islet Quantification and Purity Assessment v3
Authors: Lyon James , F Spigelman Aliya , E Manning Fox Jocelyn , E Macdonald Patrick
Published: May 2021

This protocol describes the Quantification and Purity of Assessment of human islets, as performed by the Alberta Diabetes Institute IsletCore. www.bcell.org/adi-isletcore
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinde Ruhsal Sağlık, Yorgunluk ve Uyku Kalitesi Arasındaki İlişki: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Authors: NAZİK Feyza , DİŞLİ Faruk
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışma hemşirelik öğrencilerinin ruhsal sağlık, yorgunlukve uyku kaliteleri arasındaki ilişkiyi ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacı ile yapılmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel olarak yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın evreni 247 hemşirelik öğrencisidir. Örneklem 230 öğrencidir. Verilerin toplanmasında sosyo-demografik özellikler, Genel Sağlık Anketi, Yorgunluk Şiddet Ölçeği ve ve Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin

analizinde Mann-Whitney U testi, Kruskal-Wallis ve Spearman korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalamaları 21.4±3.6 idi. Yüzde 9.6’sının kronik hastalığı bulunmaktaydı. Hiç sigara içmeyen öğrenci oranı %52.6; uyku düzeni olmayan öğrenci oranı ise % 52.2 idi. Kronik hastalığı olan ve düzensiz uykusu olan öğrencilerin genel sağlık ölçeği puan ortalaması anlamlı olarak yüksekti

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Inspired to Adopt: The Role of Social Norms in Media Inspiration
Authors: Kryston Kevin , Fitzgerald Kaitlin
Published: May 2021

We consider the potential for inspirational media content (inspiring videos about dogs) and injunctive norms (social media comments on the videos) to motivate dog adoption behaviors and intentions. In an online experiment, participants were exposed to pretested inspiring (or non-inspiring) videos and social norms cues and were given an opportunity to browse among a series of dogs on a mock adoption website. Participants also indicated their intention to adopt a dog and completed a series of socio-demographic measures. Results indicated that, although both the inspiring videos and the norm cues successfully induced inspiration and perceived injunctive norms, only injunctive norms significantly affected intention to adopt. The effect of norms remained significant when controlling for barriers to adoption such as financial, time, and space considerations. Discussion focuses on implications for inspiring entertainment and social norms theories, and implications for adoptions and other prosocial behaviors.
The Bright and Dark Side of Eudaimonic Emotions: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Landmann Helen
Published: May 2021

Based on a review of eudaimonic emotion concepts, definitional and empirical overlaps between the concepts are identified and a framework of eudaimonic emotions is developed. The framework proposes that feelings of elevation, awe, tenderness, and being moved can be differentiated based on their feeling components, thus constituting the feeling-specific types of eudaimonic emotions. A variety of other emotion concepts rely on reference to their elicitors, such as moral elevation (i.e., being moved by moral virtue), aesthetic awe (i.e., being moved by beauty), kama muta (i.e., being moved by communal sharing) and admiration (i.e., being moved by achievements), thus constituting elicitor-specific types of eudaimonic emotions. Structuring eudaimonic emotions along these lines allows for integrating research on these emotions. This integration leads to the proposition of general eudaimonic effects and value-specific effects of positive eudaimonic emotions on behaviour. Considering these effects can enhance understanding of how positive eudaimonic emotions affect pro-social intentions—the bright side of being moved—as well as the manipulating effects of propaganda—the dark side of being moved.
Histórias de vida de mulheres em situação de aprisionamento
Authors: Ribeiro Fernanda Silva de Assis , Godinho Letícia
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho narra histórias de mulheres encarceradas, contadas por elas, para ajudar a compreender quem são as pessoas por trás dos números. Recontadas suas trajetórias, são evidenciadas, em contexto, as diferentes dimensões de opressão que vivenciam. Para além do gênero, a dimensão da raça e da classe social, a presença de drogas ilegais no contexto familiar, a violência e a relação com o sistema de justiça marcam seus percursos de vida. As entrevistas, realizadas em uma unidade prisional feminina comum, uma unidade prisional para gestantes e lactantes e uma unidade da Associação de Proteção e Assistência aos Condenados, são aqui “transcriadas” e analisadas.
Nem tudo é o que parece: A disputa semântica sobre a tortura no sistema de justiça criminal
Authors: Jesus Maria Gorete Marques , Gomes Mayara De Souza
Published: May 2021

O artigo analisa de que maneira a lei no 9455/97 tem sido aplicada pelo sistema de justiça criminal. A partir da seleção de pesquisas e trabalhos desenvolvidos entre 2008 a 2018, buscamos ressaltar as principais contribuições analíticas realizadas, bem como formular, a partir destes trabalhos, considerações a respeito do tratamento dado à apuração e ao processamento de crimes de tortura pelo sistema de justiça criminal. Nosso argumento é: os atores jurídicos têm pautado a apuração desse crime a partir de fatores alheios à dinâmica delitiva, afetando significativamente a compreensão do que é tortura, bem como ações para seu enfrentamento.
Modern aspects of targeted prostate biopsy
Authors: Popov S. V. , Orlov I. N. , Malevich S. M. , Sushina I. V. , Grin’ E. A. , Gulko A. M. , Topuzov T. M. , Vyazovtsev P. V. , Chernysheva D. Yu. , Neradovskiy V. A.
Published: May 2021

Prostate cancer (PCa) is in second place in oncological morbidity in males and is the fifth leading cause of death among the world's population. According to current world statistics, over the past 20 years there has been an increase in primary morbidity, as well as mortality from PCa. The key to diagnosing PCa is a prostate biopsy. Nevertheless, a systemic biopsy under transrectal ultrasound control is the subject of discussion and debate in oncourology, as it has significant drawbacks that affect the qualitative result of the diagnosis of PCa. Given the importance of adequate and staged PCa, various methods of targeted biopsy under magnetic resonance control have been proposed.

This review will examine the main features and significance of targeted prostate biopsy, as well as the role of magnetic resonance imaging in the early diagnosis of PCa. The method of targeted biopsy of the prostate gland can improve the detection of PCa in relation to clinically significant forms. In addition, this method is extremely promising and requires further study to further improve the quality of early diagnosis of PCa, especially when selecting patients for radical surgical treatment.
Carcinosarcoma of the prostate: a clinical case
Authors: Protoshchak V. V. , Solov'ev I. A. , Chirskiy V. S. , Vasilchenko M. V. , Sinelnikov L. M. , Paronnikov M. V. , Karpushchenko E. G. , Erokhina A. A. , Alentiev S. A. , Lazutkin M. V.
Published: May 2021

Carcinosarcoma is an exceedingly rare and highly aggressive malignant tumor. Some patients with carcinosarcoma have normal levels of prostate specific antigen; therefore, digital rectal examination is the only method of early diagnosis in them. In this article, we report a case of prostate carcinosarcoma and describe its diagnosis and treatment.
An original surgical method for the formation of fascial duplication in the elimination of damage to the anterior rectal wall during prostatectomy
Authors: Yurgel Yu. N. , Alekseev B. Ya. , Kopyltsov E. I. , Leonov O. V. , Sikhvardt I. A. , Leonova A. O. , Vodolazskiy V. A. , Durnev I. A. , Yurgel N. Yu.
Published: May 2021

Background. Intraoperative rectal injury in patients undergoing prostatectomy is a severe complication, worsens the quality of life and leads to social maladjustment.

Objective. To develop, substantiate the reproducibility and safety of the technique for the formation of fascial duplication in the elimination of damage to the anterior rectal wall during prostatectomy.

Materials and methods. The authors present a description of the technique and their own experience of retropubic prostatectomy with the formation of fascial duplication in the elimination of damage to the anterior rectal wall in 2 patients with prostate cancer. Patients with intermediate risk of recurrence and progression according to the D'Amico index. The observation period is 6 and 11 months.

Results. Prostatectomy revealed damage to the anterior rectal wall and destruction of the external longitudinal muscular layer of the rectum. The rectal defect was eliminated according to the original method. The duration of the operation is 160 and 140 min. Intraoperative blood loss 350 and 150 ml. The first bowel movement on the 5th day. Removal of the urethral catheter on day 10. The period of hospitalization was 11 and 14 days, no postoperative mortality was noted. No lethal outcomes were noted.

Conclusion. A constructively simple surgical technique for the formation of fascial duplication by local tissues in case of intraoperative injury of the rectum during prostatectomy has been developed and implemented into clinical practice.
FGFR3, TERT, ТР53 mutations and the FGFR3 gene expression in bladder cancer as prognostic markers
Authors: Mikhaylenko D. S. , Sergienko S. A. , Kuznetsova E. B. , Zaborsky I. N. , Martynov M. I. , Loran O. B. , Efremov G. D. , Samoylova S. A. , Alekseev B. Ya. , Musatova V. V. , Bure I. V. , Nemtsova M. V.
Published: May 2021

Background. Bladder cancer (BC) is a common urological cancer, 75 % of which are non-muscle invasive BC. After removal of the primary tumor, the adequate classification of malignancy and the defining of tumor progression risk remains an important issue, since it is associated with frequency of cystoscopy and choice of the BCG- or chemotherapy management.

Objective: improve the algorithms of prognosis in intermediate-risk patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer with the consideration of molecular characteristics of the primary tumor.

Materials and methods. We studied 125 BC samples; mutations in the FGFR3, PIK3CA, TERT, and TP53 genes were determined by polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing, as well as the expression of the FGFR3, EGFR, ERBB2, FOXA1, and GATA3 genes using realtime polymerase chain reaction.

Results. Somatic mutations in the studied loci were detected in 65.6 % of the samples, five new mutations were identified. A decrease of the mutation frequency in the FGFR3 and TERT genes was shown, an increase — TP53 in order (Ta—T1/low G) > (T1/high G) > (>T2/any G). The largest area under the ROC curve (0.807 ± 0.092, р = 0.004) was demonstratedfor the prognostic classifier with the independent variables: mutation in FGFR3 and/or TERT; mutation TP53; overexpression of the FGFR3 gene. The FGFR3, TERT mutations and/or FGFR3 overexpression in the absence of TP53 mutation indicates minimally invasive primary tumor. On the contrary, harboring TP53 mutation indicate the features of muscle-invasive BC at the genetic level. Using this algorithm, we reclassified 21 of T1G3 BC cases as having characteristics associated with non-invasive tumor in 43 %, and invasive BC in 57 % of patients.

Conclusion. The aforementioned prognostic model could be used as additional laboratory test in assessing the malignancy and progression risk of non-muscle invasive BC.
THE MAIN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITALIZATION
Authors: Odintsov V. O. , Volkov L. V.
Published: May 2021

The modern economy is undergoing a major transformation associated with the digitalization of all spheres of life. The purpose of the article is to show the main trends in the development of the digitalization of the economy and their impact on changes in government policy at the macro level and the behavior of businesses and citizens (both consumers and employees) at the micro level. The influence of digitalization and robotization on changes in the forms of employment of employees is also shown.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF MEDICAL INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES
Authors: Bogdanova M. P.
Published: May 2021

This article examines the problems faced by medical industry enterprises in the course of digitalization of their activities. The level of use and development of information technologies in the Russian spheres of medicine and health care has been revealed. Conclusions are formulated about the prospects for digital transformation of enterprises in the medical industry of the Russian Federation.
Frequency of Pathogenic Microorganisms in Removable Orthodontic Appliances and Oral Mucosa in Children
Authors: Rodríguez-Rentería Marisela , Márquez-Preciado Raúl , Ortiz-Magdaleno Marine , Bermeo-Escalona Josué , Sánchez-Vargas Luis Octavio
Published: May 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida species in removable orthodontic appliances (ROA) and the support oral mucosa in children. Study design: The study participants comprised 55 patients aged 6–12 years requiring ROA. The samples of biofilm colonization from the support oral mucosa and the ROA were taken prior to the use of the ROA (T0) and 4 weeks (T1) after ROA placement. The biofilm samples were seeded on chromogenic culture plates and incubated for 24–48 h. Results: The microbial species evaluated were not present in either the support oral mucosa nor in the ROA at T0. After 4 weeks, P. aeruginosa was found in the support oral mucosa with a frequency of 60%, Candida spp. with 30.9% and S. aureus with 89.09%; in the ROA, P. aeruginosa with 67.7%, Candida spp. with 32.7%, while S. aureus with 90.9%. In the ROA were found C. glabrata in 15 cases, C. albicans in 14 cases, C. tropicalis in two cases, and C. krusei in one case. In the oral mucosa there were 10 cases of C. glabrata, 14 cases of C. albicans, one case of C. tropicalis, and 0 cases of C. krusei. Conclusions: The frequency of S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and Candida spp. increased after the orthodontic treatment in either the ROA and or in the support oral mucosa. There is a direct relation between the use of the ROA and the increase of periodontal-pathogenic microorganisms.