bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lymphocyte phenotyping in untreated children patients with chronic allergic asthma
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

This study aimed to isolate and phenotype lymphocytes in untreated children patients with chronic allergic asthma. To reach such aim the study involved (25) patients from children (17 male and 9 female) whom their ages where between (3-10) years, in addition to (15) apparently healthy children (9 male and 6 female) in the same ages involved as control group.
The data demonstrated that there was a significant increase in the mean percentages of T-lymphocytes (CD3+ cells) in the peripheral blood of patients (66.75±0.29)**, in comparison with control group (43.58±0.19), a significant increase in the mean percentages of T-helper lymphocytes (CD4+ cells) in the peripheral blood of patients (51.14±0.55), in comparison with control group (39.17±0.23) and the mean percentages of B-lymphocytes (CD20+ cells) was also increased significantly in the peripheral blood of patients (29.63±0.20) when it compared with the mean percentages of the same cells in control group (18.60±0.80).
Besides a significant decrease in the mean percentages of T-suppressor lymphocytes (CD8+ cells) in the peripheral blood of patients (11.31±0.05), in comparison with control group (16.42±0.15). Finally the results of this study showed a significant increase in the mean percentages of the ratio of (CD4+ cells/CD8+ cells) in the peripheral blood of patients (55.34±0.41), in comparison with control group (31.25±0.09).
Designation Homemade Instrument to Measure Turbidity of Barium Sulphate
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

This research include the designation of newly instrument (Turbidmeter) depending on using photo voltaic detector (8.5mm.*8.5mm.).These dimensions have large area which increases the scattering rays with a variable intensity.
The properties of this design are local mode and the used tools are a available in the local markets as well as its less cost light weight system. It is worth mentioning that the possibility of its application in many fields such as: Clinical, Laboratory, Industrial and Fuel fields. This designation, applied to estimate Barium Sulphate in turbidity method. The analytical results show high accuracy and repetition, also the linearity ranges from (4-180) ppm. At the detection limit (0.05) ppm. With correlation coefficient (0.9992), as well as using volume ratio percents (ethanol-glycerin) equal to (10-90) %.
Structural and Optical Properties of Cobalt-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films Prepared By Spray Pyrolysis Technique
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

Undoped and Co-doped zinc oxide (CZO) thin films have been prepared by spray pyrolysis technique using solution of zinc acetate and cobalt chloride. The effect of Co dopants on structural and optical properties has been investigated. The films were found to exhibit maximum transmittance (~90%) and low absorbance. The structural properties of the deposited films were examined by x-ray diffraction (XRD). These films, deposited on glass substrates at (400? C), have a polycrystalline texture with a wurtzite hexagonal structure, and the grain size was decreased with increasing Co concentration, and no change was observed in lattice constants while the optical band gap decreased from (3.18-3.02) eV for direct allowed transition. Other parameters such as Texture Coefficient (Tc), dislocation density (?) and number of crystals (M) were also calculated .
Study of pollution by heavy elements in some parts of Baghdad
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

The objective of the present work is to measuring the concentration of heavy elements (Pb, Cd, Zn, As) in Baghdad's soil city and indication to the probable sources of pollution as well as comparing the concentration of heavy elements with local and international ranges. The Sampling and analyzing conducted in the present work included ( 15 ) Samples from Baghdad city ( three samples for each location ).The rates of heavy elements in soil samples were as following:.
Pb ( 67.5 ) ppm, Cd ( 4.11 ) ppm , Zn ( 77.9 ) ppm , As ( 4.64 ) ppm. According to the results, we find increasing in the concentrations of the heavy elements ( Pb, Cd, Zn ) in soils and decreasing in ( As ).We conclude that the main reason behind the increasing of the concentrations of heavy elements in Baghdad city's soils is due to the anthropogenic activities like the domestic wastes, the products released from the combustion of fuel containing ( tetraethyl lead ), and the industrial wastes (solid , liquid and gaseous) especially from oil industries. Other important factor that added to the pollution with these heavy elements is the three successive wars that Iraq had subjected. The explosion of rockets and bombs contributed mainly to the pollution of soil.
Influence of Indole acetic acid and Tryptophan on production of Vinblastine and Vincristine of Catharanthus roseous callus cells in the accumulation media of In Vitro tissue culture
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

This study on the plant of Ain –AL Bason Catharanthus roseous showed the ability of callus cells that is produced by In Vitro culture technique and transformed to the accumulated media (MS 40gm/L sucrose ,2gm/L IAA Indole acetic acid , 0.5gm/L Tryptophan) to produce Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds.
Extraction, purification and quantitive determination of Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds using High performance liquid chromatography technique (HPLC)were carried out.
The results showed that the highest concentration of Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds were ( 4.653,12.5 (ppm /0.5 dry Wight respectively from transformed callus cells from MS 40 gm /L sucrose , 2 gm / L NAA Naphthaline acetic acid .
Design and Testing a Neutrons and Gamma-Rays Multilayer Shield Using Different Groups of Cross – Sections
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

A preventing shield for neutrons and gamma rays was designed using alternate layers of water and iron with pre-fixed dimensions in order to study the possibility of attenuating both neutrons and gamma-rays.
ANISN CODE was prepared and adapted for the shield calculation using radiation doses calculation: Two groups of cross-section were used for each of neutrons and gamma-rays that rely on the one – dimensional transport equation using discrete ordinate's method, and through transforming cross-section values to values that are independent on the number of groups. The memory size required for the applied code was reduced and the results obtained were in agreement with those of standard acceptable document samples of cross –section, this assists the possibility of using this program for calculation of shields and adopting the shield design shield in this research for shielding from neutron and gamma-rays because the calculation of this designed proved the possibility of efficient attenuation of both of these kinds of radiations through from this theoritical study.
The susceptibility test of vaginal yeasts and their relationship with the age in Iraqi women
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

This study aims to isolate the pathogenic yeasts from genital tract and investigate their relationship with the age .The results clarified that the most pathogenic yeast isolated from genital tract was Candida albicans , also the results of C.albicanas isolates susceptibility test, to different antifungal revealed that they were sensitive to Miconazole, Ketoconazole and Clotrimazol and were resistant to Nystatin and Grisofulvin. The study of relationship of vaginal infection with the age showed that the incidence of infection with Candida was high among females age group (19-39 years).
Some blood parameters study in albino female mice orally given crude aqueous soy bean (Glycine max) seeds extract
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

The possible effect of the crude aqueous extract of soy bean seeds on some blood parameters (total count of red blood cells, white blood cell , (total and differential) blood platelates, packed cell volume and concentration of blood hemoglobin) was studied in 20 albino female mice which were allocated in four experimental groups (5 mice/group). The first group was orally treated with distilled water (control group) while the second, third and fourth group were given a concentration of 4%, 6% and 8% of the extract, respectively.
At the end of the daily gavaging, which lasted for 4 weeks, the animals were killed, after recording their life body weight, and blood samples were collected from each mice to study the effect of the extract on the above mentioned parameters.
Some of the active ingredients in the soy bean seeds extract were analytically tested. This test showed that the extract contained flavonoids and saponins.
The effect of the extract on the studied blood parameters is reflected by the following results:
1) Significant (P
Using of Rustumiya sewage water for irrigation:1- its effect on some soil properties and corn growth
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

This study is conducted to investigate the validity of using different levels of Rustumiya sewage water for irrigation and their effects on corn growth and some of the chemical properties of the soil such as electrical conductivity and soil pH in extract soil paste , the micro nutrient content in soil and plant which are ( Fe , Mn , Zn , Cu , Cd , Pb ). Three levels of sewage water ( 0 , 50 , 100 )% in two stages were used ,the three levels of wastewater ( without soil fertilization ) were used in the first stage , Where 80 Kg N /D+50Kg P2O5 /D was added to the soil as fertilizer in the control (0%) treatment and 40 Kg N/D+25Kg P2O5/D were added to 50 and 100% levels in the second stage .Corn seeds were planted in 12kg plastic pots in Completely Randomized Block Design in three replicates .
The results show a high significant increase in plant height , fresh and dry weight for all treatments in comparison with control treatment . The low added level of sewagewater in both stages gave a significant increase of plant height and fresh and dry weight . The results showed a high increased of electrical conductivity for 50 , 100% wastewater added levels for both stages compared with control treatment , The high added level 100% gave high significant increase in electrical conductivity compared with the low level of the sewagewater .Whereas the values of soil PHwere close to the neutral for all treatment.The results showed a significant increase in micro nutrients content ( which include Fe , Mn , Zn , Cu , Cd , Pb ) in soil and plant for all treatments compared with control treatment . This increase was continued with the increase of additional level of sewagewater . However all the micro nutrient were within the allowable natural limits and not reached the toxic limits in soil and plant .
Population Dynamics of the Terrestrial - Isopod species Armadillidium vulgare Latrielle , 1804 in AL - Jadriyia District -Baghdad - Iarq .
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

The Present Work includes the study of the population dynamics of Armadillidium vulgare in AL- Jadiriya region in Baghdad. Monthly samples were collected using a quadrat 0.0625 m2 from November 2007 to November 2008.. The population density of A.vulgare, ranged from 880 ind/m2 in May to251 ind/m2 in January respectively. This species showed high aggregation dispersion in the study area. The sex ratio showed that the number of females were more than that of males and significantly differd (P < 0.05) during the reproductive months. Furthermore, it was found that the juveniles of species were present at most time of the year, But the large sized groups have been observed during summer and spring. And showed a positive linear correlations between the size of ovigerous females and the number of eggs and The incubation period ranged from 30 to 50 day in this species, The number of eggs per brood ranged between 9- 32 egg in this species. The cohort analysis of the populations showed that A.vulgare had three generations during the study period .The life table analysis results showed that the expected life for this species was six months. And this species had single breeding season started from April to September
The study of antibacterial activity of some plant extracts against causes of pneumonia
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

Eighty five samples were taken from patients suffering from pneumonia. Seventy-eight isolates were diagnosed as following:
Staphylococcus aureus (23), klebsiella pneumoniae (29), Streptococcus pneumoniae (15), Serratia sp. (4), Haemophilus influenzae (4) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3). The clinical isolates were tested for antibiotics sensitivity.
They appeared highly resistance to penicillin G and Ampicillin at percentage 89.7 and 84.6% respectly while the results showed highly sensitivity to streptomycin at percentege of (12.8%).
To study the antibacterial activity of Alium sativum, Eucalyptus microtheca leaves and Cydonia oblonga seeds extracts, five multi resistant strains were used by using agar well diffusion and disk methods at concentrations of (24, 12, 6, 3)%. The agar well diffusion was prefered for both of Alium sativum and Eucalyptus microthesca extracts while both methods were prefered for Cydonia oblonga extract by measuring inhibition zones .The results showed antibacterial activity of Alium sativum on S.aureus and S. pneumoniae at concentration 3-24 % and for klebsiella pneumoniae at concentration of 6-24%While it was 12-24%for Serratia sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Eucalyptus microtheca extracts showed antibacterial at concentration of 24-3%for S.aureus, S. pneumoniae and Ps. aeruginosa. While K. pneumoniae and Serratia sp sensitive at concartatins of 24%.
The ethanol and oil extracts of Cydonia oblonga seeds had anti bacterial activity at all concentrations for all strains except Serratia sp. showed sensitivity at concentrations of 24-6%for both extracts.
Magnetic Deflection Coefficient Investigation for Low Energy Particles
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

In this research we solved numerically Boltzmann transport equation in order to calculate the transport parameters, such as, drift velocity, W, D/? (ratio of diffusion coefficient to the mobility) and momentum transfer collision frequency ?m, for purpose of determination of magnetic drift velocity WM and magnetic deflection coefficient ? for low energy electrons, that moves in the electric field E, crossed with magnetic field B, i.e; E×B, in the nitrogen, Argon, Helium and it's gases mixtures as a function of: E/N (ratio of electric field strength to the number density of gas), E/P300 (ratio of electric field strength to the gas pressure) and D/? which covered a different ranges for E/P300 at temperatures 300°k (Kelvin).
The results showed had been tabulated and graphically represented as functions of their variables. These results a satisfactory agreement between experimental values and theoretical data given in the literature showed.
Hybrid(Luminescent and Fresnel ) Concentrators to Improve Solar Panel Conversion Efficiency
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

The spectral response of the Si solar cell does not coincidence with the sun irradiance spectrum, so the efficiency of the Si solar cell is not high. To improve the Si solar cell one try to make use of most region of the sun spectrum by using dyes which absorb un useful wavelengths and radiate at useful region of spectrum (by stock shift). Fluorescence's dye is used as luminescent concentrator to increase the efficiency of the solar cell. The results show that the performance efficiency and out power for crystalline silicon solar cells are improved.
Effect of Magnetic Treatment of water for irrigation and seed Qualities of the Plant vegetative growth corundum oriandrum sativum of
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

Cultured fruits of theCorundum Coriandrum sativum were sown On 11/11 / 2008 in basins containing 15 kg of soil (Silty Loam) .Fruits were divided into two parts the first was soaked in normanl water and the second was magnetized for a period of 24 hours Irrigation was up to (75% of capacity field.Two types of water (normal water and magnetized water)with three repetitions were used the access to magnetic water was supplied from a special electric device. Recorded measurements were plant height the number of stems / plant, weight of plant, number of flowers, 1000 seed weight) during the cultivation period, which ended on 11/5/2009.
Results indicated the absence of any effect of magnetic water on plant growth of Fenugreek while seeds treated with a magnetic water showed significantly different characteristics.
C-Reactive Protein and Cholesterol level In Male Type 2 Diabetic Patients.
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

Elevated C-Reactive Protein (CRP) level in serum is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes ,this relationship is likely to be the cause it means elevated CRP leads to T2D in future . Our objective was to examine CRP in male Type 2 Diabetes(T2D) patients in different age ,we studied 120 male subjects divided to two groups according to their age. First group A age (31 - 40) year old ,60 person )30 control & 30 T2D patients(,3 person for each same age: second group B age (41 – 50) years old ,60 person )30 control & 30 T2D patients(,3 person for each same age. We examined blood sugar ,cholesterol and CRP in each group. and we toke the mean of samples in the same age in each data in all the 4 groups. Our data shows that CRP raised significantly P?0.05 in group A(T2D) and in group B(T2D) comparing with control group of each .And cholesterol levels, and sugar levels raised significantly P?0.05 in group A(T2D) and in group B(T2D) comparing with control group of each. CRP ,Cholesterol and sugar are higher in group B(T2D) than in group A(T2D),and in group B (control) than in group A (control). CRP level can predict diabetes but not causal, diabetes may cause a kind of inflammation (showed by high CRP) by its effect on body and this effect (inflammation) may cause rising CRP level.
Levels of Elements in Milk and Yoghurt
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

This study aimed to know the concentration of elements content in dairy products. Nine samples collected from the local market in Baghdad, two samples of milk and seven of yoghurt.The results were followed:
The ratio of Aluminum In Aluminum cans That is used for storage milk and industrialize yoghurt is about 95.5% ,this ratio is against [1] which said that pureness of Aluminum used in Aluminum cans should not be less than 98-99% . and the ratio of Cadmium reached to 0.001% which is also against [1] which assure that the Aluminum cans should be clean from that element, mean while the concentration of Iron, Copper and Zinc were within the standard level.
The highest concentration of Iron was in treatment B2(canon yoghurt)it was 9.95 mg/L while the lowest concentration 4.1 mg/L was in treatment B1 (lab yoghurt). The highest concentration of Copper appeared in treatment B5 it was 4.63 mg/L while the lowest concentration 0.21 mg/L was in treatment B7. The results of this study illustrate that the increase of Zinc in all treatments. The highest level reached to 17.27 mg/L in B3 treatment (Al-washash yoghurt) and 5.18 mg/L as a lowest concentration in B1 treatment (lab yoghurt). The analytic results showed that all of the treatments were cleaned from lead.
The highest concentration of Cadmium reached to 0.070 mg/L in B5 treatment (dragh yoghurt) and the lowest concentration reached to 0.023 mg/L was in B4 (Arbeel yoghurt) while treatment B1(lab yoghurt) and B7(kadmiaa yoghurt) were clean from Cadmium concentration when receipt.
Study of Cytotoxic Effect of Aqueous Extract Fenugreek(Trigonella Foenum Graecum L.S) Seeds and The New Complexes of Rh (?) and Pd (?) on Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

The effect of the aqueous extract of fenugreek seeds (Trigonella Foenum Graecum L.), Rhodium complex (?) with formula [RhL2CLH2O].1 1/2 ETOH and palladium (?) [pdl2].2ETOH,where L=2-hydroxy phenyl piperonalidine was studied on two cancer cell lines. The first cell line was intestine cancer of female albino mice (L20B), the second one was Rhabdomysarcomas (RD)cell line in human. The activity of the new complexes and the aqueous extract was compared to the well-known anticancer drug (cis-platin) by utilizing the in vitro system. The cell lines were treated with four concentrations of cis-platin 31.25,62.5,125 and 250 ?g/ml for 72 hour exposure time. The same concentrations were used with extract and the new complexes. This study showed that the aqueous extract, Rhodium (?) and palladium (?) complexes have a promising anticancer cell activity as noticed from their effect on inhibition of the cancer cells . Inhibition rate was increased with concentration for the three treatments and it was found to be significant differences (p
Applications Aspects of the Diffusion of Slow Electrons in the Ionospheric Gases
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

The paper presents the results of precise of the calculations of the diffusion of slow electrons in ionospheric gases, such as, (Argon – Hydrogen mixture, pure Nitrogen and Argon – Helium – Nitrogen) in the presence of a uniform electric field and temperature 300 Kelvin. Such calculations lead to the value Townsend's energy coefficient (KT) as a function of E/P (electric field strength/gas pressure), electric field (E), electric drift velocity (Vd), momentum transfer collision frequency ( ), energy exchange collision frequency ( ) and characteristic energy (D/?).
The following physical quantities are deduced as function s E/P: mean free path of the electrons at unit pressure, mean energy lost by an electron per collision, mean velocity of agitation and the collisional cross-section of the molecules. The results are presented graphically and in tabular form. This results appeared a good agreement with the experimental data.
Evaluation of bread wheat Triticum aestivum L. callus genotypes for water stress tolerance using Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

A fixed callus weight of 150 mg was induced from immature embryos of three bread wheat Triticum aestivum L. genotypes (Tamos 2, El-izz and Mutant 1) cultured on nutrient medium {MS) containing Polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) supplemented with concentrations (0.0, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0 or 12.0%) to evaluate their tolerance to water stress. Cultures were incubated in darkness at temperature of 25?1 ?C. Callus fresh and dry weights were recorded and soluble Carbohydrate and the amino acid Proline concentrations were determined. Results showed that there were significant differences in studied parameters among bread wheat genotypes of which Tamos 2 was higher in callus average fresh and dry weights which gave 353.33 and 38.46 mg/cultured tube respectively. Tamos 2 was also higher in soluble Carbohydrate and Proline concentrations which gave 189.84 and 12.30 mg/g respectively. Results also showed that there was significant reduction in callus average fresh and dry weights and soluble Carbohydrates concentration as concentrations of PEG increased in cultured medium, whereas average Proline concentration increased as PEG concentrations increased. The results also revealed significant interactions among the genotypes and PEG concentrations in all studied parameters. It can be concluded thatTamos 2 genotype showed better tolerance to drought than the other two genotypes
Bacterial contamination of AL-Habania and AL-Tharthar reservoirs
Authors: Journal Baghdad Science
Published: March 2019

Bacterial contamination of AL-Habania and AL-Tharthar reservoirs were studied during the period from February 2001 to January 2002, samples were collected from four stations in AL-Habania reservoir (AL-Warrar, AL-Theban regulator, middle of the reservoir and the fourth was towards AL-Razzaza reservoir) and from two stations at AL-Tharthar reservoir (Ein AL-Hilwa and the middle of the reservoir). Coliform bacteria, faecal Coliforms, Streptococci, faecal Streptococci and total count of bacteria were used as parameters of bacterial contamination in waters of both reservoirs through calculating the most probable number.
Highest count of Coliform bacteria (15000 cell/100ml) was recorded at Ein AL-Hilwa and lowest count at AL-Theban regulator and middle of AL-Tharthar reservoirs and reached (400 cell/100ml), faecal Coliform bacteria ranged between less than (300 cell/100ml) to (2300 cell/100ml). Total Streptococci ranged between less than (300 cell/100ml) to (24000 cell/100ml), faecal Streptococci ranged between less than (300 cell/100ml) to (900 cell/100ml). Total bacterial count showed variable values due to ecological changes at the stations of study which reached (3980 cell/ml) in the forth station towards AL-Razzaza reservoir and was declined to (580 cell/ml) at the middle of AL-Tharthar reservoir. Results were discussed in the research text.
The Role of Social Parameters in the Choice of Address Forms used in Kinship domain in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Ramsha Ana , Hidayat Samrah
Published: March 2019

This study examines the role of social parameters in the choice of address forms used in kinship domain in Punjab, Pakistan. The study targeted 140 respondents in order to test the impact of social factors along with the regional differences in the choices of address forms in kinship domain. Statistical analyses are done by applying t-test for gender in relation to choices of address forms and ANOVA for age, income, education and social class. The study finds out that there is a strong connection of different social parameters not only with language use and practice but also in choices and use of address forms especially in kinship relationships.  Moreover, it is highlighted that gender does not influence in the choices of address forms, even the participants belonging to young and middle categories show no significant difference with regard to the choices of address form despite the fact that all the factors and parameters exert influence on the choices of address forms. Hence address forms as being one of the major traits of language and society is affected by all the social factors around and regional differences are also most important as they give identity and ethnicity to the society.
Toward a comprehensive explanatory model of reliance on alternatives to the tap: evidence from California's retail water stores
Authors: Pierce Gregory , Lai Larry
Published: March 2019

Building on a recent increase in scholarly attention to the problem of tap water mistrust and resulting negative health impacts, we examine the relationship between neighborhood reliance on tap water alternatives and a range of explanatory factors. We model retail water store locations as a proxy for reliance on tap water alternatives in urbanized neighborhoods across California. Our study is unique in its inclusion of variables representing both compliance with primary and secondary water quality standards by publicly regulated drinking water systems serving particular neighborhoods, other water system attributes and the socioeconomic characteristics of neighborhoods. The location of retail water stores in urbanized neighborhoods does not appear strongly related to observed measures of water quality. Secondary contamination shows a weak relationship to tap alternative reliance, and primary contamination was not correlated with higher levels of tap alternative reliance. On the other hand, our research suggests that other socioeconomic factors, particularly country of birth, are associated with the prevalence of more water stores. Increasing reliance on tap water likely requires measuring and addressing secondary contamination found in distributional systems and premise plumbing, and more aggressive public education campaigns.
Pica: A Common Condition that is Commonly Missed - An Update Review
Authors: Leung Alexander K.C. , Hon Kam Lun
Published: March 2019

Background:

Pica is a common condition in childhood that is commonly missed.

Objective:

To familiarize physicians with the clinical evaluation and management of children with pica.

Methods:

A PubMed search was completed in Clinical Queries using the key term "pica" OR “dirteating”. The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews. Only papers published in English literature were included in this review. The information retrieved from the above search was used in the compilation of the present article.

Results:

Pica refers to the persistent, compulsive craving for and the ingestion of substances usually considered inedible and the behavior is discordant with cultural practices and continues beyond the normal developmental phase of occasional indiscriminate and experimental mouthing and swallowing over a period of at least one month. The condition is more common among children in lower socioeconomic classes and those who are mentally handicapped or emotionally deprived. Pica is a significant cause of anemia and lead poisoning. Pica generally resolves in children of normal intelligence after they have been trained to discriminate between edible and inedible items and proper supervision is provided. While relief of family economic and housing difficulties is an adjunct, attention to the individual’s emotional needs and stresses is of paramount importance. Children with iron deficiency anemia should be treated with iron replacement therapy. Complications such as gastrointestinal obstruction and lead poisoning should be promptly recognized and treated.

Conclusion:

Pica is often an overlooked phenomenon and its association with iron deficiency and lead poisoning has been known for centuries. The underlying cause and complications should be treated if possible. Primary care physicians should be aware of pica and proactively seek information about pica in patients that belong to the high-risk groups.
Synergistic Effect of Epigenetic Inhibitors Decitabine and Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid on Colorectal Cancer In vitro
Authors: Najem Sonia Abou , Khawaja Ghada , Hodroj Mohammad Hassan , Rizk Sandra
Published: March 2019

Background:

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is a common cause of oncological deaths worldwide. Alterations of the epigenetic landscape constitute a well-documented hallmark of CRC phenotype. The accumulation of aberrant DNA methylation and histone acetylation plays a major role in altering gene activity and driving tumor onset, progression and metastasis.

Objective:

In this study, we evaluated the effect of Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid (SAHA), a panhistone deacetylase inhibitor, and Decitabine (DAC), a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, either alone or in combination, on Caco-2 human colon cancer cell line in vitro.

Results:

Our results showed that SAHA and DAC, separately, significantly decreased cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of Caco-2 cell line. On the other hand, the sequential treatment of Caco-2 cells, first with DAC and then with SAHA, induced a synergistic anti-tumor effect with a significant enhancement of growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in Caco-2 cell line as compared to cells treated with either drug alone. Furthermore, the combination therapy upregulates protein expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, p53 and cytochrome c, downregulates the expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein and increases the cleavage of procaspases 8 and 9; this suggests that the combination activates apoptosis via both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that the synergistic anti-neoplastic activity of combined SAHA and DAC involves an effect on PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, our results provide evidence for the profound anti-tumorigenic effect of sequentially combined SAHA and DAC in the CRC cell line and offer new insights into the corresponding underlined molecular mechanism.
TheKLF6Super Enhancer Modulates Cell ProliferationviaMiR-1301 in Human Hepatoma Cells
Authors: Ri KumChol , Kim Chol , Pak CholJin , Ri PhyongChol , Om HyonChol
Published: March 2019

Background:

Recent studies have attempted to elucidate the function of super enhancers by means of microRNAs. Although the functional outcomes of miR-1301 have become clearer, the pathways that regulate the expressions of miR-1301 remain unclear.

Objective:

The objective of this paper was to consider the pathway regulating expression of miR- 1301 and miR-1301 signaling pathways with the inhibition of cell proliferation.

Methods:

In this study, we prepared the cell clones that the KLF6 super enhancer was deleted by means of the CRISPR/Cas9 system-mediated genetic engineering. Changes in miR-1301 expression after the deletion of the KLF6 super enhancer were evaluated by RT-PCR analysis, and the signal pathway of miR-1301 with inhibition of the cell proliferation was examined using RNA interference technology.

Results:

The results showed that miR-1301 expression was significantly increased after the deletion of the KLF6 super enhancer. Over-expression of miR-1301 induced by deletion of the KLF6 super enhancer also regulated the expression of p21 and p53 in human hepatoma cells. functional modeling of findings using siRNA specific to miR-1301 showed that expression level changes had direct biological effects on cellular proliferation in Human hepatoma cells. Furthermore, cellular proliferation assay was shown to be directly associated with miR-1301 levels.

Conclusion:

As a result, it was demonstrated that the over-expression of miR-1301 induced by the disruption of the KLF6 super enhancer leads to a significant inhibition of proliferation in HepG2 cells. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the KLF6 super enhancer regulates the cell-proliferative effects which are mediated, at least in part, by the induction of p21and p53 in a p53-dependent manner. Our results provide the functional significance of miR-1301 in understanding the transcriptional regulation mechanism of the KLF6 super enhancer.
PVT Aware Design of a Dead-zone Free High Speed Phase Frequency Detector in 90nm CMOS
Authors: Saw Suraj K. , Maiti Madhusudan , Meher Preetisudha , Majumder Alak
Published: March 2019

Background & Introduction:

With the advent of technology, though the literature highlights
many designs of Phase Frequency Detector (PFD), there remains some challenges like area
overhead, switching noise near frequency lock point and fast, accurate response to mitigate dead
zone and output errors.

Methods:

In this article, we have unearthed a low power, high speed and dead zone free PFD,
which eliminates the switching noise near that lock-in node. This simple design uses lesser number
of transistors to obtain smaller estimated layout area of 0.748mm2 and low power of 496.12μW,
when operated at 10 GHz frequency at a power supply of 1.8V in 90nm CMOS technology.

Results:

The simulation reads a phase noise and output noise of -113.142dBc/Hz and -180.712dB
at 1MHz offset. The circuit not only runs at a frequency as high as 40GHz, but also compatible to
be operated at a power supply of as small as 0.9V.

Conclusion:

Process Variation analysis performed proves the robustness of the proposed circuit at
all process corners. Also, the design gets validated at lower process nodes like 28nm UMC.
Polymeric Nanomicelles of Soluplus® as a Strategy for Enhancing the Solubility, Bioavailability and Efficacy of Poorly Soluble Active Compounds
Authors: Pignatello Rosario , Corsaro Roberta
Published: March 2019

:

Soluplus® is a commercially available graft amphipathic copolymer consisting
of polyvinyl caprolactam, polyvinyl acetate, and polyethyleneglycol (13% PEG
6000/57% vinyl caprolactam/30% vinyl acetate). Among the various applications of this
solubilizer excipient, produced by BASF, such as the production of amorphous solid dispersions
of insoluble drugs, Soluplus® has shown to be able to form nano-sized micelles
in water or other aqueous solutions, characterized by a very small diameter and an exceptionally
narrow size distribution. These formulations allow to improve the solubility and
physical stability in aqueous media of poorly soluble drugs. This review summarizes the
recent data from literature on the methods of production and characterization of drugloaded
nanomicelles based on Soluplus®, highlighting the potential fields of therapeutic
application.
Het Staatse ambassadegebouw in de zeventiende eeuw. Het logement van Hendrick van Reede van Renswoude in Madrid, 1656-1669
Authors: Ebben Maurits
Published: March 2019

Even though Dutch historians have been investigating seventeenth-century material culture with regard to lifestyle and home furnishing extensively since the early 1980s, no such research has been done on the material world of the United Provinces’ diplomats abroad. This article seeks to provide insights into the main material cultural aspects of the seventeenth-century Dutch embassy: the building’s exterior, lay-out, and furnishing. A detailed inventory of Baron Hendrick van Reede van Renswoude’s movables, the first ambassador of the Lords States General to the Spanish court (1656-1669), is the main source for a detailed case study on the accommodations of the Dutch ambassador. His residence in Madrid, its indoor and outdoor spaces were equipped with the customary attributes of an early modern European diplomat. Although less lavish, opulent and refined than the French or Spanish, the Dutch diplomat’s material cultural world fitted in with the general diplomatic culture, which was increasingly influenced by the ethos of the nobility across Europe in the seventeenth century. At the same time, local conditions and lifestyle conventions shaped the ambassadorial building’s exterior and interior. The fact that Dutch diplomats, like almost all European diplomats,took residence in rented furnished local houses, undermined the implicit separateness of the embassy as a distinctly national space that reflected a typical lifestyle, a political or religious message.
Capital humano e innovación en el proceso de integración del aprovechamiento forestal maderable en el ejido Gómez Tepeteno, Tlatlauquitepec, Puebla
Authors: Sánchez-Vidaña Diana Lorena , Valtierra-Pacheco Esteban , González-Guillén Manuel de Jesús , León-Merino Aurelio
Published: March 2019

El ejido Gómez Tepeteno tomó control del uso y manejo de sus recursos forestales maderables y no maderables en la década de 1970. Uno de los procesos más importantes al que ha tenido que poner atención es el desarrollo de capacidades del personal que participa en el aprovechamiento e industrialización de la madera y, más recientemente, en la adopción de procesos de innovación tecnológica. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el proceso de innovación y formación de capital humano en la integración de la cadena de valor maderable del ejido. La investigación se realizó a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas dirigidas a actores clave, encuestas estructuradas a trabajadores de la industria forestal y observación directa de todas las fases productivas. Los resultados muestran que el ejido ha hecho avances importantes en el desarrollo del capital humano en las innovaciones siguientes: 1) uso de la forcípula electrónica para el cálculo de la cubicación y la documentación de madera en rollo, 2) aplicación de un sistema de control contable y financiero, 3) producción de madera estufada, tanto de madera aserrada propia como de maquila y 4) integración de un modelo de cadena de valor maderable. El ejido Gómez Tepeteno ha entendido que para el mejor aprovechamiento maderable debe generar sistemas permanentes de innovación tecnológica de procesos de corte e industrialización que implican inversión y capitalización en el corto, mediano y largo plazos.
Evaluating the Relationship of Animal Temperament to Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality
Authors: Yang Famous L. , Anschutz Karen S. , Ball Jase J. , Hornsby Pete , Reynolds Jana L. , Pohlman Fred W.
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare meat quality and sensory characteristics of steaks from longissimus dorsi of steers with different temperaments. Calves (n = 49; 314kg) were processed and scored for temperament according to Beef Improvement Federation Guidelines and divided into three groups: Docile (D), Restless (R) and Nervous-Flighty (NF). Steers were housed with access to pasture then transferred to a research feedlot until harvest and processed with carcass data recorded. Striploins were wet-aged for 14 d before, frozen and were then cut into 2.54 cm steaks, and individually vacuum packed. Instrumental color was measured on thawed and tray overwrapped steaks on d 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 of simulated retail display. The CIE L*, a*, and b* color values were collected and oxymyoglobin, hue angle and saturation index values were calculated. A 7-member trained sensory panel evaluated steak samples for myofibrillar tenderness, connective tissue amount, overall tenderness, juiciness, and beef flavor intensity. The NF group had reduced (P < 0.05) hot carcass weight compared to the other groups. The D and R groups were lighter (L*; P < 0.05), and R group yellower (b*; P < 0.05) and greater (P < 0.05) in hue angle than the other groups. No difference (P > 0.05) between groups for redness (a*), saturation index, and oxymyoglobin ratio were observed. Display time affected color with d 0 being redder (a*; P < 0.05), yellower (b*; P < 0.05), greater (P < 0.05) saturation index, and greater (P < 0.05) oxymyoglobin ratio than d 7. Steaks from D and R groups were more tender (P < 0.05) in myofibrillar tenderness, had less (P < 0.05) perceived connective tissue, were overall more tender (P < 0.05), and more (P < 0.05) juicy than steaks from the NF group. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in off-flavor between the temperament groups. Temperament had minimal effect on carcass characteristics except hot carcass weight. Sensory panelists detected differences between temperament groups.
Editorial
Authors: Hall-Lew Lauren
Published: March 2019

Welcome to the second issue of the fourth volume of Lifespans & Styles, which features three papers that continue the journal’s mission of showcasing excellence in undergraduate research in sociolinguistics.
Keeping up with Hollywood’s Valley Girls
Authors: Bakker Iris
Published: March 2019

This paper looks at traditional and non-traditional (stigmatised) variations of like through a 10-year longitudinal panel study using readily available speech of reality stars Kim, Khloe, and Kourtney Kardashian. With this unique dataset, this paper compares their use of traditional and non-traditional likes and looks at possible patterns to further understand age-based correlations of these features. An analysis of the data shows a relatively stable trend in their use of non-traditional likes, supporting theories that suggest the feature is not subject to the lifespan change associated with age grading. Speech accommodation theory is proposed as an explanation for the patterns found.
“One belt, one road” initiative as a new cooperation model of the PRC with Russia and Central Asia countries
Authors: Li Na
Published: March 2019

The Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Route established China’s new external strategy basis for the near-term historical perspective. The implementation of these projects, which were united under the common name “One belt, one road”, will become one of the most important tasks of Beijing to optimize the spatial structure of the entire Eurasian region economic development. Russia and Central Asian countries take a prominent place in the process of implementing this initiative. China actively cooperates with these countries. All parties receive great benefi ts of this comprehensive cooperation. The purpose of this article is to determine the role of Russia and Central Asian countries in the implementation of the Chinese initiative “One belt, one road”. In accordance with the purpose, the following tasks were set: to study the main types and directions of China’s cooperation with Russia and the Central Asian republics within the framework of the initiative, to analyze the specifi cs of this cooperation, and to consider the aspects of interaction between the parties. The problem-chronological approach was used as a methodological basis, it allows to study certain aspects of interaction, international relations subjects. Based on the results of the analysis, the author concludes that Russia and the Central Asian republics take a key place in the implementation of the Chinese initiative “One belt, one road”.
Construções com tema marcado e máximas conversacionais no desenvolvimento de tópicos discursivos (Marked theme constructions and conversational maxims in the development of discourse topics)
Authors: Burgo Vanessa Hagemeyer , Douran Carmen Lucia Milito
Published: March 2019

Este estudo busca analisar o modo como os interlocutores desenvolvem os tópicos discursivos por meio de construções com tema marcado, observando o papel das máximas conversacionais na organização dos assuntos. O arcabouço teórico está fundamentado nos conceitos da Análise da Conversação, e o corpus é formado de uma entrevista com o Governador do Estado de São Paulo Geraldo Alckmin, exibida no programa De frente com Gabi, transmitida pelo Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão - SBT. Trata-se de estratégias eficientes na progressão temática e que contribuem para assinalar a aceitação ou recusa de determinados tópicos por parte dos falantes e seus objetivos.
Interações polêmicas na internet e as máximas conversacionais: limites entre o dissenso e o protesto (Polemical interactions on the internet and the conversational maxims: limits between dissension and protest)
Authors: Guaranha Manoel Francisco , Cabral Ana Lúcia Tinoco
Published: March 2019

Este artigo analisa linguisticamente postagens feitas por leitores na Internet comentando uma notícia de jornal e destaca as implicaturas das quebras das máximas conversacionais estudadas por Grice (1991) na construção da polêmica, compreendida enquanto modalidade argumentativa (AMOSSY, 2017), no sentido de evidenciar como materializa-se discursivamente uma das funções que essa modalidade tem assumido na Internet: a de protesto. Nesse sentido, o trabalho sugere que uma avaliação da quebra das máximas conversacionais pode constituir um critério para traçar limites entre a polêmica como modalidade argumentativa e a violência verbal.
Nós e a gente: breve estudo da saliência fônica em variedades populares do português brasileiro e europeu (Nós and a gente: brief study of phonics overhang in popular varieties of brazilian portuguese and european portuguese)
Authors: Namiuti Cristiane , Jesus Josany Maria
Published: March 2019

Não é novidade que ambos os pronomes “nós” e “a gente” são bastante utilizados nas variedades populares do Português Brasileiro (PB) e do Português Europeu (PE), contudo existem diferenças no uso desses pronomes que podem ajudar a diferenciar uma e outra gramática. Analisamos amostras de fala retirada de corporade variedades populares do PB e do PE. Como recorte, nesse trabalho, apresentaremos o resultado da descrição e análise da variável saliência fônica, uma vez que este se mostrou relevante, pois sua forma esdrúxula P4 foi atestada apenas nos dados do PE. Tal resultado pode vir a somar e corroborar a hipótese de gramáticas distintas que subjazem os fatos atestados nas variedades PB e PE.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: “Nós”; “a gente”; saliência fônica; língua portuguesa.