bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Dynamic Development of Entrepreneurship in the Cross-Border Areas
Authors:   economics and Management, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia., Shumik* Ekaterina G. , Smitskih Ksenia V. ,   economics and Management, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
Published: December 2019

The article deals with the assessment of the dynamic development of entrepreneurship. Based on the conducted analysis of scientific works, it is concluded that currently there are no tools that allow for a comprehensive and systematic assessment. In this regard, the purpose of the present research is to develop a methodology for assessing the dynamic development of entrepreneurship which would include methodological and institutional support, assessment areas, and the algorithm of its implementation, as well as to develop recommendations based on the obtained results, taking into account regional specifics. Currently, the Far Eastern Federal District is becoming an area of implementation of many federal investment projects. Special attention is paid by the authorities to the development of cross-border areas. In this article, the authors have tested the proposed method with respect to SMEs registered in the Far Eastern cross-border regions. It was revealed that the Primorye and Khabarovsk territories were the leading regions. Low results were obtained in the Chukotka Autonomous District and the Jewish Autonomous Region.
CFD Simulation of Knock Onset in a Heavy-Duty Spark Ignition Gas Engine
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Scientific Research Automobile and Automotive Institute NAMI, Moscow, Russia, Kozlov Andrey , Terenchenko Alexey ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Scientific Research Automobile and Automotive Institute NAMI, Moscow, Russia, Zuev Nikita ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Scientific Research Automobile and Automotive Institute NAMI, Moscow, Russia, Zelentsov Andrei ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2019

The paper describes a method for evaluating knocking onset with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical model of the combustion process of spark ignited (SI) gas engine and methods for assessing the probability of knocking combustion based on this model. The probability of knocking combustion, which characterizes the boundary condition between normal combustion and knocking, is determined (8%). An optimization study of the influence of adjustment parameters on the probability of knocking based on a three-dimensional numerical model is carried out. The developed and tested technique allows one to monitor the tendency of the influence of various adjustment parameters on the probability of knocking in a SI gas engine.
Prevention of Session Hijacking and Authentication Providingtothe Session Cookie
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department ofComputer Science and Engineering, KoneruLakshmaiah Educational Foundation, Guntur, A.P, India., Kotturu* Prasuna , Kammula SyamPrajwal ,   Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, KoneruLakshmaiah Educational Foundation, Guntur, A.P, India., Bunga Sai Surya ,   Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, KoneruLakshmaiah Educational Foundation, Guntur, A.P, India., Atluri Praneeth Sai ,   Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, KoneruLakshmaiah Educational Foundation, Guntur, A.P, India.
Published: December 2019

The current world is running around the word “Privacy”. Every individual’s aim is to secure their data and transactions so that no one can access them without proper authentication. In this digital era, all the data stored in the internet protected by a password. The general opinion is that a password can protect the data from being acquired by an unauthorized user. The issue is about what happens subsequently with an authorized login. Once we login into our account, all our actions, state of browser and timestamps are recorded in a simple text file known as “Cookie”. In this paper, we proposed a mechanism which is easy to implement and robust in providing authentication to the session cookie. This obstructs an unauthorized user from getting access to our private data. Our mechanism provides authentication by using the concept of hashing combined with a unique identifier.
Accuracy Invoked Course Recommender System using Collaborative Filtering
Authors:   Information Technology,Easwari Engineering College,Chennai,, Mariappan* A.K. , Surriyan R.Ramana ,   Information Technology,Easwari Engineering College,Chennai,, Shobana E.S. ,   Information Technology, Easwari Engineering College,
Published: December 2019

It is always important that the student should choose the right course. The decision of taking the right course is very important as the student’s future depends on the course they opt to study. Most of the students are not much aware of the courses that are available in their own field of study. Selecting wrong courses might be due to the mismatch between the student’s aptitude, training and mental ability. Thus, the idea is to develop a system for helping the students to choose a course which would be best suited for him/her based on features like previous student selection, interest, languages known etc. Existing research has explored recommender system using content-based filtering but it can only do limited content analysis and the recommendation will not be precise at the end. An attempt is made to improve the performance of this system using Collaborative based filtering techniques which will recommend a ranked list of courses. Under Collaborative filtering techniques, user based collaborative filtering and item based collaborative filtering is used. Sample student datasets from Kaggle, has been used to test the performance of our system.
Design of Sepic Convetrer Controlled Bldc Motor for Electric Vehicle
Authors:   Department of Electronics & Electronics Engineering, M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, India., kumar S.Dinesh , Chockalingam AL. ,   Department of Electronics & Electronics Engineering, M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur, India.
Published: December 2019

This paper represents the design and analysis of the Brushless Direct current motor. The usage of brushless motor is increasing day by day in that the design aspects are more important and the customer satisfaction is important. Based upon the rating the needs brushless DC motor is designed. The design has been done with the controllers and the real time applications such as EV, the controllers had been used to get the proper design. The results are analyzed using the MATLAB simulink software.
Optimization Methods to Improve Energy Efficiency of Centrifugal Pumps at Thermal Power Plants
Authors:   National Research University ‘MPEI’ (NRU ‘MPEI’), Moscow,Russia., Vikhlyantsev* A.A. , Naumov A.V. ,   National Research University ‘MPEI’ (NRU ‘MPEI’), Moscow,Russia, Volkov A.V. ,   National Research University ‘MPEI’ (NRU ‘MPEI’), Moscow,Russia., Druzhinin A.A. ,   National Research University ‘MPEI’ (NRU ‘MPEI’), Moscow,Russia., Lyamasov A.K. ,   National Research University ‘MPEI’ (NRU ‘MPEI’), Moscow,Russia., Pankratov S.N. ,   National Research University ‘MPEI’ (NRU ‘MPEI’), Moscow,Russia., Orahelashvily B.M. ,   National Research University ‘MPEI’ (NRU ‘MPEI’), Moscow,Russia.
Published: December 2019

This article considers the application of engineering optimization methods as a way to improve the energy efficiency of centrifugal pumps operated in thermal power plants taking into account the pump load diagram. The authors present an algorithm of engineering optimization of the wetted part of impeller being an individual working body of a centrifugal pump, as well as the results of approbation of the proposed approach for the centrifugal pump KM 65-50-160 designed in two optimized versions taking into account various options of the pump load diagram. It is revealed that the application of engineering optimization methods allows achieving higher energy efficiency indicators even in a significantly simplified formulation of the problem under consideration. According to the calculation results, when the pump operation condition is met, the KM 65-50-160 pump with an optimized wetted part of the impeller designed in two versions has higher average integral efficiency in comparison with its counterpart designed according to classical methods, namely, 52.24% vs. 49.18%, and 57.9% vs. 57.02%, respectively.
Features of the Formation of an Officer of the Armed Forces as the Sole Leader (Manager) of a Military Organization
Authors:   Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Kiev, Ukraine., Bakhov* Ivan S. , Ryzhykov Vadym S. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University, Kiev, Ukraine., Kozyr Alla V. ,   National M. Drahomanov Pedagogical University, Kiev, Ukraine., Yunyk Dmytro G. ,   P. I. Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine., Yunyk Tetiana ,   Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, Ukraine.
Published: December 2019

Purpose: Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate the development of leadership and military management as the basis of effective management of the military organization. Methodology: The methodological basis of the study was the principles of historicism, objectivity and reliability. Main Findings: The authors have suggested three groups of elements of the leader's image in relation to the political leader are outlined, namely, personal characteristics – physical, psycho-physiological features, his character, type of personality, individual style of decision making; social characteristics – the status of a leader associated with the official position, as well as related to the origin, wealth. Applications: The research findings can be used by lecturers and graduate students of universities, military educational institutions and business management institutions. Novelty/Originality: In the paper for the first time it is singled out the main psychological and pedagogical properties of the military commander and his functions in modern military management.
Impact of Micro Finance Through Amhara Credit and Saving Institution on Women Economic Empowerment
Authors:   Addisu holds Master’s Degree in Business Administration (MBA). Currently he is attending his PHD in Punjabi university,, Mengistie* Belay , Singh Dr. Amanpreet ,   Assistant Professor in Punjabi university, School of Management Studies since March
Published: December 2019

Women economic empowerment is one of the strategies aimed at enabling women in decision making, increment in income and asset ownership. The purpose of the study was to analyze the impact of micro finance through Amhara credit and saving institution on women economic empowerment. Qualitative and quantitative research approaches were used to obtain a reliable data. Data were derived from a questionnaire of a sample of 346 women clients of Amhara Credit and Saving Institution. In addition, six focus group discussions were conducted involving 48 women while in depth interviews were carried out with 6 micro finance leaders, and experts. Multiple Regressions, Independent t-test, Analysis of variance were employed for data analysis. The Regression result revealed that age, marital status, education level, credit amount, number of training have significant impact on women’s economic empowerment. However, numbers of household and previous business experience have insignificant impact on women economic empowerment in the study areas. Independent t-test result revealed that Amhara credit and saving institution has significant impact on women’s economic empowerment as measured by the increased participation of women in resource controlling, improved household income, asset possession levels, and saving.
Sizing and Evaluation of Battery Energy Storage Integrated with Photovoltaic Systems.
Authors: Vieira Paulo A. V. , Silva Felipe P. G. , Pinheiro Bruna F. , Bortoni Edson C.
Published: December 2019

This paper provides a review of the most common energy storage technologies and analysis of the impact of battery energy storage (BES) in a distribution network with penetration of photovoltaic. In order to reduce the intermittence impacts caused by solar panels (PV), is proposed the use an energy storage elements to stabilize the energy produced, dependent of the irradiation and temperature. Different storage technologies were considered as a function of the costs. A 100 kW PV system with integration of an energy storage was used for the simulated and analysis.
Tingkat Pengetahuan Petani Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.) Terhadap Pertanian Organik di Desa Manunggal Jaya Kecamatan Tenggarong Seberang
Authors: Lesmana Dina , Margareta Margareta
Published: December 2019

Sistem pertanian organik merupakan suatu sistem yang berpijak pada kesuburan tanah sebagai kunci keberhasilan produksi dengan memperhatikan kemampuan alami dari tanah, tanaman, dan hewan untuk menghasilkan kualitas yang baik hasil pertanian dan lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan petani padi (Oryza sativa L.) sawah terhadap pertanian organik di Desa Manunggal Jaya Kecamatan Tenggarong Seberang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan Mei hingga Juli 2017. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 37 orang. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Metode pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara langsung dengan responden. Analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan petani padi sawah terhadap pertanian organik di Desa Manunggal Jaya Kecamatan Tenggarong Seberang termasuk dalam kategori â€œtinggiâ€, baik pada kelas pemula maupun pada kelas lanjut, namun dalam tahap penerapan petani masih sulit untuk menerapkannya. Kemudian untuk kelas pemula pada kategori pemupukan dan pengendalian OPT masuk dalam kategori â€œsedangâ€.
ОБНОВЛЕНИЕ ОСНОВНЫХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫХ ФОНДОВ КАК КЛЮЧЕВОЙ ФАКТОР ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КОНКУРЕНТНЫХ ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ
Authors: Яндарбаева Луиза , Боташева Фатима
Published: December 2019

Переход на рыночные отношения выявил существенную неприспособленность хозяйствующих субъектов участвовать в конкурентной борьбе. Это не могло не сказаться негативно на социально-экономическом положении россиян - начался тотальный рост безработицы, значимо снизился уровень жизни, в экономике национального хозяйства произошли недопустимые структурные диспропорции... Еще больше негативных последствий имелось в промышленности депрессивных республик Северного Кавказа. Кратное падение объемов промышленного производства, а значит, и доходов, разрыв налаженных межхозяйственных связей, полная остановка предприятий обрабатывающей промышленности и др. нарушили воспроизводство ОПФ и еще более усугубили социально-экономическое положение в этих республиках. На многих промпредприятиях амортизационные средства пришлось иммобилизовать, вследствие чего эти хозяйствующие субъекты лишились основного источника собственных инвестиций, а значит, и возможности, обновить промышленное производство... Все это отягощалось большим физическим и моральным износом, что никак не могло способствовать восстановлению (хотя бы дореформенного уровня) производительности труда. Все вышеизложенное позволяет утверждать, что решение проблем наращивания конкурентных преимуществ состоит, в первую очередь, в обновлении ОПФ, а именно - техническом перевооружении технологических линий промпредприятий. На наш взгляд, такой подход даст возможность задействовать минимальные капиталовложения и не только не остановить производство, но и получить материальный и социальный эффект. Заметим, это имеет исключительную значимость для депрессивных трудоизбыточных и малоземельных республик Северного Кавказа. [4,8,12] Все это говорит об актуальности выбранной нами темы исследования.
ОЦЕНКА ГУМУСНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ПОЧВ ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫХ ЭКОСИСТЕМ ОСНОВНЫХ ПОЧВЕННО-ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ ЗОН КУЗБАССА
Authors: В.П. Середина , С.В. Овсянникова
Published: December 2019

Цель исследований – оценка современного гумусного состояния почв в пределах опорных пунктов (ОП) мониторинга, приуроченных к основным промышленным районам Кузбасса. Задачи: изучение содержания и общих запасов органического вещества, особенностей качественного состава и основных параметров гумусного состояния почв. ОП характеризуют определенную зону: лесостепь Кузнецкой котловины, островную лесостепь, степное ядро Кузнецкой котловины, зону лесостепи предгорий, Мариинско-Ачинский почвенный округ расчлененной лесостепи и лесостепи предгорий. Почвы ОП относятся к отделам текстурно-дифференцированных и аккумулятивно-гумусовых почв постлитогенного ствола. Для исследованных дерново-подзолистых почв, как и для всех западносибирских почв подзолистого ряда, характерно некоторое замедление и нескомпенсированность биологического круговорота веществ и, как следствие, средняя степень гумификации органического вещества (29–30 %), низкие запасы гумуса и низкая обогащенность гумуса азотом. Образование гуминовых кислот выражено слабо, тип гумуса – гуматно-фульватный. Наиболее ценная фракция гумусовых кислот, связанная с кальцием, составляет незначительную часть органического углерода. В составе гумуса значительную долю составляет негидролизуемый остаток. В отличие от аналогичных почв европейской территории России исследованные почвы более гумусированы, гумус их обладает более высокой подвижностью. Процессы гумификации в типе серых и темно-серых почв протекают при более благоприятном гидротермическом режиме, менее кислой реакции среды и более высокой биологической активности. Степень гумификации органического вещества высокая (34–39 %), тип гумуса фульватно-гуматный. По мере перехода от серых к темно-серым почвам и черноземам обогащенность гумуса азотом изменяется от средней до высокой, увеличиваются содержание и запасы гумуса. В составе гумуса возрастает количество гуминовых кислот, доминирующей фракцией являются гуматы кальция, уменьшается подвижность гумуса. Основные показатели интегральной оценки гумусного состояния почв могут служить информативными фоновыми характеристиками, направленными на выявление их изменений в ходе антропедогенеза.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СТИМУЛЯТОРА «ГИПЕРГРИН» ПРИ ВОЗДЕЛЫВАНИИ ЯРОВОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ КРАСНОЯРСКОЙ ЛЕСОСТЕПИ
Authors: Н.Л. Кураченко , А.В. Шаропатова
Published: December 2019

В полевом опыте в условиях Красноярской лесостепи дана оценка эффективности биологического стимулятора «Гипергрин» при возделывании яровой пшеницы сорта Новосибирская 15. Биологический стимулятор «Гипергрин» применялся в комплексной защите яровой пшеницы, где он использовался в качестве протравителя семян и в баковых смесях по вегетирующим растениям с гербицидами, фунгицидами и инсектицидами. Исследованиями показано, что эффективность применения препарата на посевах яровой пшеницы определяется погодными условиями. В условиях хорошей влагообеспеченности 2016 года биологический стимулятор при его использовании совместно с химическим протравителем и в баковых смесях по вегетирующим растениям способствует повышению урожайности яровой пшеницы на 10 ц/га (p = 0,02). Уровень рентабельности производства зерна яровой пшеницы при этом достигает 167 %. Биологическая стимуляция роста и развития растений яровой пшеницы в условия дефицита влаги (2017–2018 гг.) определяет повышение урожайности зерна пшеницы на 1–4 ц/га. Технология возделывания яровой пшеницы с применением «Гипергрина» совместно с протравителем и в баковых смесях по вегетирующим растениям в среднем за период испытаний определяет минимальную себестоимость продукции (514 руб/ц), максимальную прибыль (317 руб/ц) и рентабельность (62 %). Способ применения биологического стимулятора «Гипергрин» в комплексной защите яровой пшеницы обусловливает структуру урожая культуры. Использование препарата для обработки семян в качестве протравителя и по вегетирующим растениям способствует повышению выживаемости растений к уборке на 11 %. Совместное использование биологического стимулятора с химическим протравителем и обработка посевов яровой пшеницы приводят к увеличению высоты растений на 4 см, количества колосков в колосе на 3 шт. по сравнению с контролем.
APPLYING SIMULTANEOUS ROUNDTABLE TO IMPROVE GENRE-BASED PARAGRAPH WRITING ABILITY
Authors: Budiarta I Komang
Published: December 2019

To write an ‘attention grabbing’ paragraph, the students should do a lot of practices in writing. However, the fact showed that writing skill was frightening and boring skill to learn as lecturers applied boring and monotonous teaching technique. Thus, the present research was mainly intended to answer the following questions: how effective is simultaneous roundtable in improving the students’ genre-based paragraph writing ability? and how do the students respond the application of simultaneous roundtable in teaching genre-based paragraph writing? The subjects of this research were two classes of the second semester students of English Education Study Program Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Mahasaraswati Denpasar University which consisted of 62 students altogether. The design of the present study was classroom action research which were carried out in three cycles. The progressing results of the pre-test, post-test 1, 2 and 3 confirmed that simultaneous roundtable was effective in improving genre-based paragraph writing ability. In addition, the results of the questionnaire showed that most of the subjects agreed on the application of simultaneous roundtable in teaching genre-based paragraph writing.
PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN DAHSYAT “POWER TEACHING”
Authors: Suwirya I Wayan , Astawa I Nengah
Published: December 2019

This article will discuss the Power Teaching Learning method which is more recently known as the Whole Brain Teaching method, which has the same concept as Brain Based Teaching. Power Teaching, in Indonesian can be said   "awesome learning"! While the phrase "whole brain teaching" - learning with the whole brain - implies that this learning optimizes the work of the brain of students, left brain, right brain, brain. In other languages, it might be said that this learning involves the aspects of students with 'high impact': cognitive, affective and psychomotor. How effective is this "whole-brain" learning? The writer has tried to apply this method in Public and Private Junior high schools Schools in Denpasar. The results are very encouraging and satisfactory to be able to increase the efficiency, effectiveness and learning outcomes of students. This method is a learning model that is able to focus students' attention on learning through varied activities by combining visual, verbal and kinesthetic aspects
IMPLEMENTASI MULTIPLE INSIDE-OUTSIDE CIRCLE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA
Authors: Murtini Ni Made Wersi , Krismayani Ni Wayan
Published: December 2019

This study was designed as a classroom action research (CAR). This study was conducted in some cycles consisted of two sessions in each cycle: Planning, Action, Observation, and Reflection. This study is conducted to the students of Germania Class Airport Handling Management Bali Aviation Training Center Denpasar (BATC) which consisted of 22 students (6 male and 16 female) who had low ability in speaking English. It  was proven by the average score of pre-test which was 66,59. To solve the problem, the researcher used Multiple Inside-Outside Circle. The data collected  from this research were obtained from pre-test, post-test, and questionnaire. The data were analyzed by analysis statistial desriptive. The first finding of this study was there was a significant improvement on students’ speaking skill after the use of Multiple Inside-Outside Circle which can be seen from the average score of pre-test, cycle I and cycle II. The second finding showed that the subjects showed positive respond to the implementation of the Multiple Inside-Outside Circle.
CHARACTER BUILDING IN THE APPLICATION OF COLABORATIVE STRATEGIC READING IN READING CLASS
Authors: Dharmayanti Putu Ayu Paramita
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT

This research used descriptive qualitative design that aimed at describing character education values that were built in the application of Collaborative Strategic Reading. As the focus of this study was third grade university students who took Intermediate Reading lecture in English Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training, Mahasaraswati Denpasar University. The data obtained in this study are qualitative data. The qualitative data were collected by observation, open questionnaire and guided interview. Data were collected by using researcher as the key instrument and some research instruments such as, field note, list of open questionnaire questions, and list of guided interview questions. The result of observation, open questionnaire and guided interview were analyzed descriptively using Interactive Model. The result of the study concluded that directly application of Collaborative Strategic Reading could build some values of character education, such as curiosity, creativity, communicative, responsible, hard work, love reading, discipline, and democratic but indirectly application of Collaborative Strategic Reading could build all values of character education through the moral value inserted in each text read by the reader.
Community engagement in global health education supports equity and advances local priorities: an eight year Ecuador-Canada partnership
Authors: Misra Shivali , Doucet Alison , Morales Juana , Andersson Neil , Macaulay Ann , Evans Andrea
Published: December 2019

Background: Global health education initiatives inconsistently balance trainee growth and benefits to host communities. This report describes a global health elective for medical trainees that focuses on community engagement and participatory research to provide mutually beneficial outcomes for the communities and trainees.Methods: An eight-year university–community partnership, the Chilcapamba to Montreal Global Health Elective is a two-month shared decision-making research and clinical observership experience in rural Ecuador for medical trainees at McGill University, Canada. Research topics are set by matching community-identified priorities with skillsets and interests of trainees, taking into consideration local potential impact.Results: Community outcomes included development of a Community Health Worker program, new collaborations with local organizations, community identification of health priorities, and generation of health improvement recommendations. Collaborative academic outputs included multiple bursary awards, conference presentations and published manuscripts.  Conclusion: This medical global health elective engages communities using participatory research to prioritise socially responsible and locally beneficial outcomes.
Characterizing a community health partnership in Dominican Republic: Network mapping and analysis of stakeholder perceptions
Authors: Yiu Kristy , Dimaras Helen , Valdman Olga , Franklin Bido , Prochaska John , Loh Lawrence
Published: December 2019

Background: Medical trainees complete learning experiences abroad to fulfil global health curricular elements, but this participation has been steadily criticized as fulfilling learner objectives at the cost of host communities. This study uses network and qualitative analyses in characterizing a community coalition in order to better understand its various dimensions and to explore the perceived benefits it provided towards optimizing community outcomes.Methods: Data from a semi-structured survey was used for network and qualitative analyses. Partner linkages were assessed using network analysis tool UCINET 6 (version 6.6). Thematic analysis was conducted on qualitative responses around the perceived coalition strengths and weaknesses.Results: Network analysis confirmed that local member organizations were key network influencers based on reported formal agreements, general interactions, and information shared. While sharing of resources was rare, qualitative analysis suggested that information sharing contributed to engagement, enthusiasm, and communication that allowed visiting partners to expand their understanding of community needs and shift their focus beyond learner objectives.Conclusion: Global health programs for medical students should consider the use of community health coalitions to optimally align the work undertaken by learners on global health experiences abroad. Network mapping can help educators and coalition partners visualize interactions and identify value.
How research-based theatre is a solution for community engagement and advocacy at regional medical campuses: The Health and Equity through Advocacy, Research, and Theatre (HEART) program
Authors: Brown Allison , Ramsay Natalie , Milo Michael , Moore Mo , Hossain Rahat
Published: December 2019

Background: Regional medical campuses are often located in geographic regions that have different populations than the main campus, and are well-positioned to advocate for the health needs of their local community to promote social accountability within the medical school.Methods: At the Niagara Regional Campus of McMaster University, medical students developed a framework which combined research, advocacy, and theatre to advocate for the needs of the local population of the regional campus to which they were assigned. This involved a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with homeless individuals to explore their experience accessing the healthcare system and using a transformative framework to identify barriers to receiving quality healthcare services. Findings from the qualitative study informed a play script that presented the experiences of homeless individuals in the local health system, which was presented to health sciences learners and practicing health professionals. Participants completed two instruments to examine the utility of this framework.Results: Research-based theatre was a useful intervention to educate current and future health professionals about the challenges faced by homeless individuals in the region. Participants from both shows felt the framework of research-based theatre was an effective strategy to promote change and advocate for marginalized populations.Conclusion: Research-based theatre is an innovative approach which can be utilized to promote social accountability at regional medical campuses, advocating for the health needs of the communities in which they are located, with the added bonus of educating current and future health professionals.
Creating a community-based teaching clinic to support undergraduate and postgraduate medical education
Authors: Wooster Elizabeth , Wooster Douglas , Pellerin Axelle , Seth Rishie , Maniate Jerry
Published: December 2019

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SnCl4-catalyzed solvent-free acetolysis of 2,7-anhydrosialic acid derivatives
Authors: Asressu Kesatebrhan Haile , Wang Cheng-Chung
Published: December 2019

Sialic acid-containing glycans are found in different sialic acid forms and a variety of glycosidic linkages in biologically active glycoconjugates. Hence, the preparation of suitably protected sialyl building blocks requires high attention in order to access glycans in a pure form. In line with this, various C-5-substituted 2,7-anhydrosialic acid derivatives bearing both electron-donating and -withdrawing protecting groups were synthesized and subjected to different Lewis acid-catalyzed solvent-free ring-opening reactions at room temperature in the presence of acetic anhydride. Among the various Lewis acids tested, the desired acetolysis products were obtained in moderate yields under tin(IV) chloride catalysis. Our methodology could be extended to regioselective protecting group installations and manipulations towards a number of thiosialoside and halide donors.
NETWORK ANALYSIS OF PAKISTAN STOCK MARKET DURING THE TURBULENCE OF ECONOMIC CRISIS
Authors: Memon Bilal Ahmed , Yao Hongxing , Aslam Faheem , Tahir Rabia
Published: December 2019

Purpose – the purpose of this study is to analyse the impact of the recent economic crisis on the network topology structure of Pakistan stock market. Since stock market is considered a core financial market for the development of an economy, it is often used as benchmark to measure a country`s progress. Policymakers often forecast tendency of share prices, that is dependent on several foreign and local macroeconomic factors. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate how rising inflation, higher interest rates, and trade and budgetary deficits affect the network structure of blue-chip 96 companies listed on the Karachi stock exchange (KSE-100) index of Pakistan stock market.

Research methodology – this study follows the methodology proposed by Mantegna and Stanley and uses cross-correlation in the daily closing price of KSE 100 Index companies to compute Minimum spanning tree (MST) structures. Additionally, we also apply time-varying topological property of average tree length to extract dynamic features of the MST networks.

Findings – we construct eight monthly MSTs that show the instability of the network structure and significant differences in the topological characteristics due to economic crisis of Pakistan. Furthermore, the time-varying topological property of average tree length reveals contraction of the networks due to tight correlation among stocks.

Research limitations – this study focuses on correlation-based network construction of MST. The scope of the study can be widened by constructing partial correlation-based MSTs and comparison of different networks structures accordingly.

Practical implications – the network properties and findings of this paper will help policymakers and regulators in setting right policies, regulatory framework, and risk management for the stock market.

Originality/Value – no previous studies have performed MST based network analysis examining macroeconomic events. Therefore, we fill the research gap and thoroughly analyse structural change and dynamics of Pakistan stock market during the turbulence of current economic crisis of Pakistan.
Chemical Properties of Two Dense Cores in a Planck Galactic Cold Clump G168.72-15.48
Authors: Tang Mengyao , Ge J. X. , Qin Sheng-Li , Liu Tie , Wu Yuefang , Kim Kee-Tae , Liu Sheng-Yuan , Zhang Chao , He J. H. , Ju Bing-Gang , Fang Xinhe
Published: December 2019

To deepen our understanding of the chemical properties of the Planck Galactic Cold Clump (PGCC) G168.72-15.48, we performed observations of nine molecular species, namely, c-C3H, H2CO, HC5N, HC7N, SO, CCH, N2H+, CH3OH, and CH3CCH, toward two dense cores in PGCC G168.72-15.48 using the Tianma Radio Telescope and Purple Mountain Observatory Telescope. We detected c-C3H, H2CO, HC5N, N2H+, CCH, and CH3OH in both G168-H1 and G168-H2 cores, whereas HC7N and CH3CCH were detected only in G168-H1 and SO was detected only in G168-H2. Mapping observations reveal that the CCH, N2H+, CH3OH, and CH3CCH emissions are well coupled with the dust emission in G168-H1. Additionally, N2H+ exhibits an exceptionally weak emission in the denser and more evolved G168-H2 core, which may be attributed to the N2H+ depletion. We suggest that the N2H+ depletion in G168-H2 is dominated by N2 depletion, rather than the destruction by CO. The local thermodynamic equilibrium calculations indicate that the carbon-chain molecules of CCH, HC5N, HC7N, and CH3CCH are more abundant in the younger G168-H1 core. We found that starless core G168-H1 may have the properties of cold dark clouds based on its abundances of carbon-chain molecules. While, the prestellar core G168-H2 exhibits lower carbon-chain molecular abundances than the general cold dark clouds. With our gas-grain astrochemical model calculations, we attribute the observed chemical differences between G168-H1 and G168-H2 to their different gas densities and different evolutionary stages.
Local Metallicity Distribution Function Derived from Galactic Large-scale Radial Iron Pattern Modeling
Authors: Mishurov Yu. N. , Tkachenko R. V.
Published: December 2019

We develop an approach for fitting the results of modeling a wriggling radial large-scale iron pattern along the Galactic disk, derived over young (high-mass) Cepheids, with the metallicity distribution obtained using low-mass long-living dwarf stars in the close solar vicinity. For this purpose, during the step at which the theoretical abundance distribution over low-mass stars in the solar vicinity is computed, we propose the redefinition of the initial mass function so that the resulting theoretical stellar distribution over masses would be close to the distribution in the observed sample. By means of the above algorithm and subsequent corrections of the theoretical metallicity distribution function (MDF), as described in the literature, we have achieved fairly good agreement between the theoretical and observed MDFs for low-mass stars in the local solar vicinity.
Resolving the Metallicity Distribution of the Stellar Halo with the H3 Survey
Authors: Conroy Charlie , Naidu Rohan P. , Zaritsky Dennis , Bonaca Ana , Cargile Phillip , Johnson Benjamin D. , Caldwell Nelson
Published: December 2019

The Galactic stellar halo is predicted to have formed at least partially from the tidal disruption of accreted dwarf galaxies. This assembly history should be detectable in the orbital and chemical properties of stars. The H3 Survey is obtaining spectra for 200,000 stars and, when combined with Gaia data, is providing detailed orbital and chemical properties of Galactic halo stars. Unlike previous surveys of the halo, the H3 target selection is based solely on magnitude and Gaia parallax; the survey therefore provides a nearly unbiased view of the entire stellar halo at high latitudes. In this paper we present the distribution of stellar metallicities as a function of Galactocentric distance and orbital properties for a sample of 4232 kinematically selected halo giants to 100 kpc. The stellar halo is relatively metal-rich,

, and there is no discernible metallicity gradient over the range 6 < R
gal < 100 kpc. However, the halo metallicity distribution is highly structured, including distinct metal-rich and metal-poor components at R
gal < 10 kpc and R
gal > 30 kpc, respectively. The Sagittarius stream dominates the metallicity distribution at 20–40 kpc for stars on prograde orbits. The Gaia–Enceladus merger remnant dominates the metallicity distribution for radial orbits to ≈30 kpc. Metal-poor stars with [Fe/H] < −2 are a small population of the halo at all distances and orbital categories. We associate the “in situ” stellar halo with stars displaying thick disk chemistry on halo-like orbits; such stars are confined to

. The majority of the stellar halo is resolved into discrete features in chemical–orbital space, suggesting that the bulk of the stellar halo formed from the accretion and tidal disruption of dwarf galaxies. The relatively high metallicity of the halo derived in this work is a consequence of the unbiased selection function of halo stars and, in combination with the recent upward revision of the total stellar halo mass, implies a Galactic halo metallicity that is typical for its mass.
Automated Mining of the ALMA Archive in the COSMOS Field (A3COSMOS). II. Cold Molecular Gas Evolution out to Redshift 6
Authors: Liu Daizhong , Schinnerer E. , Groves B. , Magnelli B. , Lang P. , Leslie S. , Jiménez-Andrade E. , Riechers D. A. , Popping G. , Magdis Georgios E. , Daddi E. , Sargent M. , Gao Yu , Fudamoto Y. , Oesch P. A. , Bertoldi F.
Published: December 2019

We present new measurements of the cosmic cold molecular gas evolution out to redshift 6 based on systematic mining of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) public archive in the COSMOS deep field (A3COSMOS). Our A3COSMOS data set contains ∼700 galaxies (0.3 ≲ z ≲ 6) with high-confidence ALMA detections in the (sub)millimeter continuum and multiwavelength spectral energy distributions. Multiple gas mass calibration methods are compared, and biases in band conversions (from observed ALMA wavelength to rest-frame Rayleigh–Jeans tail continuum) have been tested. Combining our A3COSMOS sample with ∼1000 CO-observed galaxies at 0 ≲ z ≲ 4 (75% at z < 0.1), we parameterize galaxies’ molecular gas depletion time (

) and molecular gas to stellar mass ratio (

) each as a function of the stellar mass (

), offset from the star-forming main sequence (

) and cosmic age (or redshift). Our proposed functional form provides a statistically better fit to current data (than functional forms in the literature) and implies a “downsizing” effect (i.e., more-massive galaxies evolve earlier than less-massive ones) and “mass quenching” (gas consumption slows down with cosmic time for massive galaxies but speeds up for low-mass ones). Adopting galaxy stellar mass functions and applying our

function for gas mass calculation, we for the first time infer the cosmic cold molecular gas density evolution out to redshift 6 and find agreement with CO blind surveys as well as semianalytic modeling. These together provide a coherent picture of cold molecular gas, star formation rate, and stellar mass evolution in galaxies across cosmic time.
On the Expansion, Age, and Origin of the Puzzling Shell/Pulsar-wind Nebula G310.6–1.6
Authors: Reynolds Stephen P. , Borkowski Kazimierz J.
Published: December 2019

We present a 142 ks Chandra observation of the enigmatic combination supernova remnant G310.6–1.6 consisting of a bright pulsar-wind nebula driven by an energetic pulsar, surrounded by a highly circular, very faint shell with a featureless, probably synchrotron, spectrum. Comparison with an observation 6 yr earlier shows no measurable expansion of the shell, though some features in the pulsar-wind nebula have moved. We find an expansion age of at least 2500 yr, implying a current shock velocity less than about 1000 km s−1. We place severe upper limits on thermal emission from the shell; if the shell locates the blast wave, a Sedov interpretation would require the remnant to be very young, about 1000 yr, and to have resulted from a dramatically sub-energetic supernova, ejecting ≪0.02M
⊙ with energy E ≲ 3 × 1047 erg. Even a merger-induced collapse of a white dwarf to a neutron star, with a low-energy explosion, is unlikely to produce such an event. Other explanations seem equally unlikely.
ROME (Radio Observations of Magnetized Exoplanets). II. HD 189733 Does Not Accrete Significant Material from Its Exoplanet Like a T Tauri Star from a Disk
Authors: Route Matthew , Looney Leslie W.
Published: December 2019

It has been asserted that the primary star in the HD 189733 system steadily accretes evaporated exospheric gases from its “hot Jupiter” companion, rather like a T Tauri star accreting from a disk. We conduct statistical and periodogram analyses of the photometric time series of the primary, as acquired by the automated photoelectric telescope, Microvariability and Oscillations of Stars, and Wise Observatory, to investigate this claim with the goal of revealing the presence of accretion shocks or photospheric accretion hotspots as are found in T Tauri systems such as AA Tau. None of the anticipated features were found. We re-analyze existing radio, optical, ultraviolet, and X-ray data within the framework of accreting T Tauri systems to determine physical quantities such as plasma density and temperature, accretion rate, and flare lengths. We find that with an accretion rate of

–1011 g s−1, the star is more similar to a system that intermittently absorbs gas from sungrazing comets in outburst than classical T Tauri systems, which have accretion rates at least two orders of magnitude larger. If such accretion exists, it would result in undetectably low activity at all wavelengths. Alternatively, all of the emission properties observed thus far are in agreement with stellar activity from a magnetically active star.
Modeling the Thermal Bulge of a Hot Jupiter with the Two-stream Approximation
Authors: Gu Pin-Gao , Peng Da-Kai , Yen Chien-Chang
Published: December 2019

We revisit the problem of the thermal bulge of asynchronous hot Jupiters using HD 209458 b as a fiducial study. We improve upon previous works by using a double-gray atmosphere model and interior structure from MESA as the background state and then solve for the thermal bulge in response to the semidiurnal component of stellar insolation. The atmosphere model is based on the radiative transfer with Eddington’s two-stream approximation. Two opacity cases are considered: the first introduces a greenhouse effect, and the second exhibits a strong temperature inversion. We find that for the predominant thermal bulges excited by g-modes of lower orders, our results are qualitatively similar to the adiabatic results from Arras & Socrates. It arises because the perturbed heating due to self-absorption of thermal emissions can be significant (i.e., greenhouse effect) against Newtonian damping, thereby leading to almost undamped thermal bulges. We also find that the contribution to the thermal bulge from the evanescent waves in the convective zone is not negligible, implying that the thermal bulge is not merely confined in the atmosphere and radiative envelope. Assuming the torque balance between the thermal and gravitational bulges, we estimate the tidal quality factor of the planet for gravitational tides to match the observed radius. The limitations of our model are also briefly discussed.
Elevated Risk of Viral Rebound on ART in Migrants Living in France: Role of Socioeconomic Factors
Authors:   the ANRS CO9-COPANA study, Abgrall Sophie , Raho-Moussa Mariem , Seng Rémonie , Ghislain Mathilde , Matheron Sophie , Pialoux Gilles , Goujard Cécile , Meyer Laurence
Published: December 2019

Background

In Western countries, viral rebound on antiretroviral therapy (ART) appears to occur more frequently in migrants. We aimed to assess the respective roles of socioeconomic factors and migration on viral rebound in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in France.

Methods

We included PLHIV in France, enrolled from 2004 to 2008 in the French ANRS-COPANA cohort, who started a first ART and achieved undetectability (<50 copies/ml) within 1 year. Determinants of viral rebound were assessed using Cox models including geographical origin, HIV transmission group, and clinicobiological and sociodemographic data.

Results

Of 499 included individuals, 288 were born in France, 158 in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and 53 in another country. Kaplan–Meier probabilities of viral rebound-free survival were similar for men having sex with men (MSM) and heterosexuals born in France, and lower in migrants from SSA or other countries ( P<0.001). The crude hazard ratio (HR) of viral rebound was 2.49 (95% CI, 1.59, 3.90) in migrants from SSA and 1.78 (0.94, 3.88) in migrants from other countries compared with MSM born in France. Educational level, financial difficulties and HIV status disclosure had the biggest impact on the difference between the crude and adjusted HRs for viral rebound in migrants. In multivariable analysis, viral rebound was no longer associated with geographical origin, but with protease inhibitor-containing ART, a VACS index ≥35 as a potential indicator of frailty, poor financial status (difficulties or debts) and non-disclosure to friend(s).

Conclusions

Socioeconomic factors affect outcomes on ART, even in the context of free access to HIV care and treatment. Patient-centred strategies should be encouraged with the intervention of social workers to address basic needs and promote social support for more socially vulnerable individuals.