bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of aerobic exercise training on gene expression of beta3-adrenergic receptor and beta-arrestin2 in inguinal white adipose tissue of mice fed with a high fat diet
Authors: Daneshyar Saeed , Bahmani Mehdi , Fourotan Yazdan
Published: October 2021

Background and aims: Beta-adrenergic signaling deficiency has been established to be related to obesity and related diseases. Beta3- adrenergic receptor (Adrb3) and beta-arrestin2 (Barr2) are pivotal agents in the beta-adrenergic-signaling pathway. This study aimed to investigate the preventive effect of aerobic training on dysregulation of Adrb3 and Barr2 gene expression that was induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in inguinal white adipose tissue of mice. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one C57BL/6 mice were assigned to three groups as follows: 1) control group (n=7), 2) high-fat diet-induced overweight (HFD-OW) (n=7), and 3) high-fat diet with aerobic training (HFD-AT) (n=7). The HFD-OW group were fed with a HFD for 12 weeks. The HFD-AT group had aerobic training for six weeks on a treadmill in addition to feeding with the HFD. The real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used to measure the gene expression of Adrb3 and Barr2 in inguinal white adipose tissue. Results: The gene expression of Adrb3 did not significantly change between groups (P>0.05). However, the expression of Barr2 in HFD-OW group was significantly increased as compared to the control group (1.5-fold: P=0.001). Interestingly, the Barr2 expression in HFD-AT group was significantly lower compared with HFD-OW group (P=0.045). Conclusion: The results indicated that aerobic training could inhibit the upregulation of Barr2 induced by HFD. It seems that a portion of the preventive effect of aerobic training on the development of obesity may be mediated by inhibiting the Barr2 expression in adipose tissue.
Generalidades de las lumbalgias
Authors: Paniagua Gómez Mónica , Rodríguez Rebeca Soto , Watson Hernandez Rebeca
Published: October 2021

La lumbalgia es el dolor de la zona vertebral y paravertebral del área entre las últimas costillas hasta la región sacra. Puede ser aguda o crónica y presenta múltiples etiologías tales como Síndrome de Cauda Equina, fracturas, espondilolistesis, procesos infecciosos, hernias de disco y entre las más frecuentes se encuentran las causas mecánicas por mala postura. Es vital realizar una buena historia clínica y examen físico para descartar las banderas rojas de la lumbalgia. Las banderas rojas se refieren a los signos y síntomas que sugieren etiologías patológicas y graves de la lumbalgia y en caso de estar presentes se deben realizar estudios complementarios. El manejo va dirigido según la causa del dolor.
The Correlation Between the Operating Conditions of an Oil Tanker and Fuel Consumption
Authors: LUPCHIAN Mariana
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a calculation method to determine optimum operating conditions of power plants installations with internal combustion engines used on ships. The scope of this document is to make a minimum fuel consumption calculation using software Engineering Equation Solver. Analysing several operating regimes, the specific consumption of heavy fuel used on the main engine of the oil tanker is calculated. Vessel must operate at the parameters for which it was designed and built, thus satisfying all technical and economic aspects.
HEMŞİRELERDE GECE BESLENME ALIŞKANLIĞI VE UYKU KALİTESİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ; BİR ÜNİVERSİTE HASTANESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Basatemür Meryem , Güneş Gülsen
Published: October 2021

Hemşirelerde gece beslenme alışkanlığı ve uyku kalitesi arasındaki ilişkiyi saptamak, gece beslenme alışkanlığı ile uyku kalitesine etki eden faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılan, kesitsel tipteki bu çalışma, Temmuz 2018-Ocak 2019 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesinde çalışmakta olan 241 hemşire üzerinde yapılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında kişisel bilgi formu, Pittsburgh Uyku Kalite İndeksi ve Gece Yeme Anketi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin istatiksel değerlendirilmesinde frekans, yüzde, bağımsız gruplarda t testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) ve Lojistik Regresyon Analizi kullanılmıştır. Anlamlılık değeri p<0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan kişilerin %75,1’i kadın, %24,9’u erkektir. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 32,68±7,22’dir. Çalışmadaki hemşirelerin % 60,6’sı PUKİ’ den uyku kalitesinin kötü olduğunu gösteren 5 ve daha yüksek puan almış ve %9,1’inde gece yeme alışkanlığı olduğu bulunmuştur. PUKİ ortalama puanı 6,68±3,03 bulunmuştur. Gece yeme alışkanlığı ile uyku kalitesi arasında ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir (r=0,486, p<0,05). Gece yeme alışkanlığının 33-40 yaş arası bireylerde en fazla, 40 yaş üzeri bireyler ile evli bireylerde en az olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Gece nöbeti tutma, sürekli gece veya vardiyalı çalışma, meslekte çalışma süresi (5-15 yıl), alkol kullanımı faktörleri ile gece yeme alışkanlığının arttığı tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Gece nöbeti tutma, sürekli gece veya vardiyalı çalışma, alkol kullanımı ve çay tüketiminin artması gibi durumların uyku kalitesini olumsuz etkilediği bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak çalışmamızdaki hemşirelerin gece yeme alışkanlığı ile uyku kalitesi arasında ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur. Gece yeme alışkanlığını azaltmak ve uyku kalitesini arttırmak için çalışma saatleri ve koşulları düzenlenebilir.
BİR EĞİTİM FAKÜLTESİ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ÇOCUK HAKLARI, ÇOCUK İHMAL VE İSTİSMARI İLE İLGİLİ BİLGİ VE GÖRÜŞLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Çoban Tülin , Doğan Bahar , Kavaklı Duygu , Korkmaz Ali Can , Bahadır Büşra , Has Akdağ Fahriye , Deniz Ayşegül , Banko Bal Çağla , İlhan İyi Tülay , Guler Yıldız Tülin , Turan Figen , Esen Çoban Aysel , Gönen Mübeccel
Published: October 2021

Çocuklarda ihmal-istismar belirtisi olabilecek değişiklikleri fark etme konusunda kritik önemi olan öğretmenlerin bu sorumlulukları yerine getirebilmeleri için bilgi ve risk tanıma düzeylerinin yeterli olması çok önemlidir. Bu çalışma, öğretmen adaylarının çocuk hakları ve çocuk ihmal-istismarı ile ilgili bilgi ve görüşlerini saptamak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya bir eğitim fakültesinde 2017-2018 öğretim yılında okuyan 2.169 öğrenci katılmıştır. Veriler toplam 72 sorudan oluşan bir anket formu aracılığı ile gözlem altında toplanmış, IBM SPSS v24.0 istatistik programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Dağılım ölçütleri, sayı ve yüzde dağılımları verilmiştir. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmalar için değişken türüne göre ki-kare, Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal-Wallis testleri kullanılmıştır. Anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Katılımcıların dörtte üçü Çocuk Hakları Sözleşmesini okumamıştır. İhmal-istismar vakası ile karşılaştığında hangi mercilere başvurması gerektiğini bildiğini belirtenlerin yüzdesi %44,3 olup bu kişilerin en sık verdiği yanıt “kolluk kuvvetleri”dir (%53). Katılımcıların sadece %9,5’i konuyla ilgili yeterli bilgi düzeyine sahip olduklarını düşünmektedir. Çocuk haklarıyla ilgili toplam 19 soruya verilen doğru yanıt ortalaması 14,0±2,0 (en küçük-en büyük=0-19), çocuk ihmal istismarıyla ilgili toplam 25 soruya verilen doğru yanıt ortalaması 14,9±3,5’tir (en küçük-en büyük= 0-24). Kadın katılımcıların ve herhangi bir ihmal-istismar vakasına tanık olanların doğru yanıt sayıları anlamlı şekilde daha yüksektir. Psikolojik Danışmanlık ve Rehberlik Bölümü öğrencilerinin çocuk hakları ile ilgili, Okul Öncesi Öğretmenliği Bölümü öğrencilerinin de çocuk ihmal-istismar ile ilgili doğru yanıt sayıları diğer bölümlerden anlamlı derecede yüksektir (sırasıyla p<0,001; p<0,001). Öğrencilerin bilgi ve farkındalıklarının artırılması için müfredata bu konularla ilgili dersler konmalıdır.
A NEW CONCEPTUAL ORAL HEALTH LITERACY INSTRUMENT IN TURKISH: T-CMOHK
Authors: Ekmekci Güner Özlem , Çilingiroğlu Nesrin
Published: October 2021

Evaluating the oral health literacy (OHL) of individuals with appropriate instruments is necessary for public dental health prevention programs. To our knowledge, there has been no comprehensive OHL instrument in Turkish up to date. This study aimed at the adaptation of the Comprehensive Measure of Oral Health Knowledge (CMOHK) to Turkish and evaluating the OHL of participants. The first stage of this methodological study was the cultural adaptation process with forward and back translations, cognitive interviewing, and pilot test followed by psychometric evaluation. A three-part questionnaire containing sociodemographic questions, oral health behaviors, and Turkish CMOHK (T-CMOHK) was administered among 314 volunteered students in a vocational school in Ankara, in 2019. Validity was evaluated with linguistic, content, and construct validity. Internal consistency coefficients were analyzed. p≤0.05 was considered significant. Back-translation comparisons and content validity index (1.00) were good, cognitive pre-test showed the final translation was suitable and understandable. The mean age of 307 participants included was 20.51±1.49 with a majority of women (62.9%). Cronbach’s alpha (0.70), Kuder-Richardson-20 (0.71) and split-half (0.71) coefficients were satisfactory. Of the group, 38.8% had poor; 33.9% had fair and 27.3% had good OHL (mean score=14.21±3.49). Scores were significantly higher among the participants who visited the dentist in case of a dental problem than those who did not (p=0.022) and who recently visited a dentist than those who never had (p=0.007). T-CMOHK met the reliability and validity criteria for further research of the OHL of adults.
PENGARUH UPAH, MODAL, TEKNOLOGI DAN PRODUKTIVITAS TERHADAP PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA INDUSTRI KECIL PERCETAKAN DI SEBATIK
Authors: Bin Mohd Ali Mohd Syukur , Kusuma Wijayanti Asih
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh upah, modal, teknologi dan produktivitas terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja industri kecil percetakan di Sebatik dalam penelitian ini adalah data kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua usaha percetakan di Sebatik. Jumlah sampel usaha percetakan yang sudah peneliti survei adalah 35 sampel usaha percetakan maka peneliti menggunakan metode sampel jenuh dimana peneliti menentukan semua anggota populasi untuk dijadikan sampel. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upah (X1) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja, dengan nilai t hitung sebesar -0,785 t tabel 2,042 dan tingkat signifikansi 0,439 0,05. Modal (X2)tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja, dengan nilai t hitung sebesar -0,714 t tabel 2,042 dan tingkat signifikansi 0,481 0,05. Teknologi (X3) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja, dengan nilai t hitung sebesar 0,713 t tabel 2,042 dan tingkat signifikansi 0,4810,05. Produktivitas (X4)berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja, dengan nilai t hitung sebesar 2,375 t tabel 2,042 dan tingkat signifikansi 0,024 0,05. Upah, modal, teknologi dan produktivitas tidak berpengaruh yang signifikan secara bersama-sama terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja, dengan nilai F hitung sebesar 1,699 F tabel 2,042 dan tingkat signifikansi 0,176 0,05. Dan diperoleh nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,185 atau 18,5 persen. Nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa 18,5 persen penyerapan tenaga kerja dipengaruhi oleh upah, modal, teknologi, dan produktivitas sedangkan sisanya 81,5 persen dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak dimasukkan dalam model.
KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK MEMODERASI PENGARUH PAJAK DAERAH DAN RETRIBUSI DAERAH TERHADAP PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH
Authors: Ardiansyah Riyans
Published: October 2021

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh pajak daerah dan retribusidaerah terhadap pendapatan asli daerah dengan kepatuhan wajib pajak sebagai variabelmoderasi. Pendapatan asli daerah merupakan indikator yang sangat penting dalam menilaikemandirian daerah. Jumlah pendapatan asli daerah dipengaruhi oleh pajak daerah,retribusi daerah dan kepatuhan wajib pajak. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pemerintahkotamadya Tarakan. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif denganmenggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) WarpPLS. Hasil Penelitian menunjukanbahwa pajak daerah berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan asli daerah.Namun retribusi daerah tidak berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan asli daerah. Kepatuhanwajib pajak tidak memoderasi hubungan pajak daerah terhadap pendapatan asli daerah,tetapi kepatuhan memoderasi hubungan retribusi daerah dan pendapatan asli daerah.
ANALISIS DETERMINAN PENGANGGURAN DI KABUPATEN NUNUKAN
Authors: Hermawan Andi , Wijayanti Asih Kusuma
Published: October 2021

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk Menganalisis hubungan antara pendidikan, pertumbuhan penduduk, dan Upah Minimum Kota (UMK) dengan pengangguran di Kabupaten Nunukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif,Jenis data yang digunakan yaitu data sekunder, berupa data angka pengangguran, pendidikan, pertumbuhan penduduk, dan upah minimum kota yang diambil dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Kabupaten Nunukan. Data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan aplikasi EViews versi 8.0. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan korelasi maka diperoleh hasil hubungan antara pendidikan pada tahun 2008-2015 di Kabupaten Nunukan dengan tingkat pengangguran tahun 2008-2015 di Kabupaten Nunukan adalah -0.473394 dengan tingkat keeratan hubungan kategori cukup dan bentuk hubungannya adalah linier negatif. Hubungan antara pertumbuhan penduduk pada tahun 2008-2015 di Kabupaten Nunukan dengan tingkat pengangguran tahun 2008-2015 di Kabupaten Nunukan adalah -0.280480 dengan tingkat keeratan hubungan kategori lemah dan bentuk hubungannya adalah linier negatif. Hubungan antara Upah Minimum Kota pada tahun 2008-2015 di Kabupaten Nunukan dengan tingkat pengangguran tahun 2008-2015 di Kabupaten Nunukan adalah -0.685944 dengan tingkat keeratan hubungan kategori kuat dan bentuk hubungannya adalah linier negatif.
PENGARUH BRAND EQUITY TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN MEMBELI TEH GELAS DI KABUPATEN MUSI BANYUASIN
Authors: Tores Ropal
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  bagaimana Pengaruh Brand Equity Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Membeli The Gelas Di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Penelitian lapangan, dimana peneliti mengunjungi Pelanggan Membeli The Gelas Di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin dengan mengadakan tanya jawab secara langsung kepada karyawan yang memiliki wewenang untuk memberikan data dan informasi yang diperlukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada bagaimana Pengaruh Brand Equity Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Membeli The Gelas Di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Studi ini memberikan bukti terbaru mengenai Pengaruh Brand Equity Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Membeli The Gelas Di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin.
PENGARUH STRES KERJA, KEPUASAN KERJA DAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL TERHADAP KINERJA PERAWAT DI PUSKESMAS SEBATIK
Authors: Rahmawati Meylin , Irwana Irwana
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) pengaruh Stres Kerjaterhadap kinerja perawat Puskesmas Sebatik, (2) pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Kinerja perawat Puskesmas Sebatik dan (3) pengaruh Dukungan Sosial terhadap Kinerja perawat Puskesmas Sebatik. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perawat puskesmas Sungai Nyamuk dan puskesmas Aji Kuning. Teknik Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan non probability sampling dengan metode sampling jenuh. Data penelitian berasal dari kuesioner yang di buat dengan skala likert dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan regresi linier berganda.Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa Stres kerja berpengaruh negatif dansignifikan terhadap Kinerja perawat dengan nilai thitung sebesar 2,991, ttabel sebesar 1,69389 dan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,005, maka dapat di simpulkan bahwa thitung ttabel dan nilai signifikan lebih kecil dari 0,05. Kepuasan Kerja tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap Kinerja perawat, dengan nilai thitung sebesar 1,390, ttabel sebesar 1,69389 dan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,174, maka dapat di simpulkan bahwa thitung ttabel dan nilai signifikan lebih besar dari 0,05. Dukungan Sosial berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap Kinerja perawat, dengan nilai thitung sebesar 1,992, ttabel sebesar 1,69389 dan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,055, maka dapat di simpulkan bahwa thitung ttabel dan nilai signifikan lebih besar dari 0,05.
ANALISIS MATRIKS BCG (BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP) DALAM STRATEGI MEMPERTAHANKAN PANGSA PASAR PADA SMARTPHONE MEREK SAMSUNG (STUDI KASUS PADA PT. SAMSUNG ELEKTRONIK INDONESIA TAHUN 2019)
Authors: Maristia Kiki
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this research itself is to determine the market position PT Samsung Elektronik Indonesia in the BCG matrix (Boston Consulting Group) and formulating strategies to maintain market share. This type of research used in this research is to use descriptive methods. While this research data collection technique uses secondary data based on written documents in the form of sales results and market share PT Samsung Elektronik Indonesia. The calculation result of BCG Matrix owned by PT Samsung Elektronik Indonesia shows that the company is in the position of Cash Cows where the position has a medium market growth with high market share. Thus the company can formulate strategies in the form of product development and diversification. Keywords: BCG (Boston Consulting Group Matrix), Implementation of Strategies, Market Share Defense
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN, BIAYA DAN KEUNTUNGAN PADA USAHA ANYAMAN DAUN PANDAN DI KECAMATAN KOTA WAINGAPU, SUMBA TIMUR
Authors: Aji Margareta Hada , Adindarena Vindya Donna
Published: October 2021

Usaha kerajinan anyaman daun pandan masyarakat Desa Mbatakapidu Kecamatan Kota Waingapu, dapat meningkatkan pendapatan serta membuka lapangan pekerjaan dimana dengan menganyaman daun pandan dapat menjadi peluang usaha yang bagus bagi masyarakat setempat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis besarnya pendapatan serta keuntungan yang diperoleh para pengrajin anyaman daun pandan di Desa Mbatakapidu Kecamatan Kota Waingapu. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Dalam penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa : (1) Rata-rata pendapatan per bulan usaha pengrajin anyaman daun pandan di Desa Mbatakapidu, sebesar Rp. 1,776,722. (2) Rata-rata dari biaya yang dikeluarkan oleh keseluruhan pengrajin anyaman daun pandan di Desa Mbatakapidu sebesar Rp. 570.267. (3) Rata-rata besarnya keuntungan per bulan oleh usaha pengrajin anyaman daun pandan di Desa Mbatakapidu sebesar Rp. 953.022  per bulan.
NILAI EKONOMI TRANSPORTASI UMUM BAGI MASYARAKAT PERKOTAAN
Authors: Pratiwi Sulistya Rini , Rahmawati Meylin , Nainggolan Yohanna Thresia , Junaid M Tharmizi , Malik Aan Digita
Published: October 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis nilai kemampuan membayar (Ability To Pay/ ATP) dan kesedian membayar (Willingness To Pay/WTP) masyarakat dalam hal ini pengguna untuk membayar jasa layanan angkutan umum, dengan menggunakan contingent valuation method. Dan mengidentifikasi variable yang berpengaruh terhadap ATP, WTP dan Pendapatan penyedia angkutan umum, menggunakan ordinary least square method. Hasil menunjukkan WTP atau tingkat kemauan membayar rata-rata tertinggi adalah responden yang mempunyai jenis pekerjaan PNS/TNI/POLRI, yaitu Rp.6.834,-. Selain itu juga memiliki wtp rata-rata yang lebih tinggi (Rp.6.834,-) daripada wtp total (Rp. 5.540,39). Sedangkan nilai wtp terendah ada pada responden yang memiliki jenis pekerjaan sebagai pelajar/mahasiswa, yaitu Rp.4.250,-. Sedangkan ATP atau tingkat kemampuan membayar rata-rata tertinggi adalah responden yang telah pensiun, yaitu Rp.5.834,-. Dan yang paling rendah adalah Rp.2.262,- ada pada responden yang memiliki jenis pekerjaan sebagai wiraswasta. Pendapatan (INC) berpengaruh positif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap WTP, sedangkan Biaya Transportasi (COST) untuk angkutan umum berpengaruh negative signifikan terhadap WTP. Untuk model ATP, Pendapatan dan Biaya Transportasi berpengaruh positif tidak signifikan. Banyaknya penumpang dan jumlah jam kerja pengemudi berpengaruh positif terhadap tingkat pendapatan pengemudi. Namun hanya jumlah jam kerja yang signifikan, sedangkan jumlah penumpang tidak signifikan.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA TUTOR DI UPBJJ TARAKAN DITINJAU DARI FAKTOR PENGHASILAN, KEAMANAN KERJA, KONDISI KERJA DAN FASILITAS
Authors: Simbolon Andre Suandi , Robiansyah Anton , Ginting Andi Lopa , Batti Steviani
Published: October 2021

Tutorial merupakan salah satu bentuk layanan akademik Universitas Terbuka untuk membantu mahasiswa dalam proses belajarnya. Kinerja tutor mencerminkan rasa tanggung jawab dalam menyelenggarakan tugas yang diberikan, yang tentunya akan mendorong gairah kerja, semangat kerja, dan motivasi kerja serta kepuasan kerja. Pengumpulan data melalui metode observasi, wawancara dan penyebaran kuesioner kepada responden yang berupa google form dan pertanyaan secara tertulis untuk mendapatkan data untuk diproses. Sehingga sumber data dalam penelitian ini merupakan data primer yang diperoleh secara langsung dari objek penelitian. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah Partial Least Square (PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara signifikan yang berpengaruh terhadap kinerja tutor adalah kepuasan kerja.
strategi peningkatan kualitas pengelolaan kawasan wisata pantai amal kota tarakan sebagai daya tarik ekowisata
Authors: Nurdin Nurdin , Yuliawati Witri
Published: October 2021

Abstrak : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merumuskan strategi dalam meningkatkan kualitas pengelolaan kawasan wisata Pantai Amal dan penentuan strategi alternatif yang menjadi prioritas dalam mengoptimalkan peningkatan kualitas pengelolaan kawasan wisata Pantai Amal. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis deskriptif pertama yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan potensi dan kendala yang ada di objek wisata pantai Amal, yang kedua menggunakan analisis SWOT untuk merumuskan strategi dalam meningkatkan pengelolaan pariwisata Pantai Amal. area dan yang ketiga menggunakan metode AHP dalam memprioritaskan strategi yang telah dirumuskan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi dalam meningkatkan kualitas pengelolaan kawasan wisata Pantai Amal sebagai daya tarik ekowisata adalah strategi SO (kekuatan-peluang). Strategi prioritas pertama dari aspek manajemen adalah meningkatkan manajemen pengelolaan Pantai Amal, kemudian mengoptimalkan pengelolaan objek wisata, melatih / membina kerajinan rakyat berdasarkan potensi yang ada, mengembangkan objek wisata yang berbeda dengan pesaing dan belajar membandingkan dengan yang lain objek wisata. Kedua aspek infrastruktur, yaitu dengan melengkapi sarana dan prasarana dasar, meningkatkan pengelolaan informasi wisata Pantai Amal, melakukan standarisasi keamanan dan pemeliharaan secara berkala. Ketiga dari aspek ekonomi, yaitu dengan pengembangan objek wisata sebagai daya tarik ekowisata, menciptakan iklim investasi dan mengembangkan serta menghadirkan produk-produk baru khas wisata Pantai Amal. Keempat aspek sosial budaya, yaitu diversifikasi kegiatan wisata atau objek wisata baru, pengadaan kegiatan artistik multiguna, pengadaan kegiatan budaya tradisional khas Kota Tarakan dan sosialisasi pengawasan dan perawatan kawasan objek wisata.
valuasi ekonomi nilai guna langsung kawasan wisata alam bantimurung bulusaraung di kawasan karst maros-pangkep (KKMP)
Authors: Hatta Djuanda
Published: October 2021

Abstrak : Kawasan Karst Maros-Pangkep memiliki banyak fungsi baik ekologis maupun sosial-ekonomi, namun pengelolaan dan pemanfaatannya mesti dilakukan secara optimal khusunya aspek wisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai guna langsung kawasan wisata alam Bantimurung-Bulusaraung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kawasan wisata alam Bantimurung-Bulusaraung yang ada di kawasan karst Maros-Pangkep (KKMP) pada bulan Juli sampai September 2016. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah survei dan kuesioner. Sampel wisatawan dipilih secara purposif. Untuk menganalisis nilai ekowisata kawasan wisata alam Bantimurung-Bulusaraung digunakan analisis dengan metode biaya perjalanan (Travel Cost Method), data dianalisis dengan menentukan fungsi permitaan sehingga dari fungsi permintaan tersebut diintegralkan dengan batas bawah, y=0 dan batas atas, y rata-rata sehingga diperoleh nilai kesediaan membayar, nilai yang dibayarkan serta surplus konsumen. Estimasi Nilai guna langsung berupa kesediaan membayar kawasan wisata alam Bantimurung Bulusaraung adalah sebesar Rp. 203,819,165,356.75,- per tahun, nilai yang dibayarkan Rp. 134,705,358,710.00,- per tahun dan nilai surplus konsumen sebesar Rp. 69,113,806,646.75,- per tahun atau sebesar  Rp. 158,971.85,- per individu. Nilai tersebut sekaligus menunjukan opportunity cost atau biaya korbanan yang harus ditanggung masyarakat apabila kawasan wisata alam Bantimurung-Bulusaraung mengalami kerusakan ekosistem dan kehilangan daya tarik wisatanya, oleh karena itu pihak terkait perlu meningkatkan intensitas wisatawan dengan menjaka kelestarian Kawasan Karst Maros Pangkep (KKMP) yang banyak menopang kelangsungan wisata dan memberikan nilai ekonomi.
Pengaruh Terapi Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) Terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Tidur pada Lansia di Desa Gondoriyo Kecamatan Bergas Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Arnata Anggi Prasetia , Rosalina Rosalina , Lestari Puji
Published: October 2021

Lansia merupakan tahap akhir proses perkembangan. Lansia mengalami proses kemunduran baik dari aspek psikologis dan aspek fisiologis. Salah satu bentuk kemunduran yang terjadi adalah kualitas tidur. Ada dua jenis penatalaksanaan yang bisa dilakukan yaitu penatalaksanaan farmakologi dan non-farmakologi, penatalaksanaan non-farmakologi salah satunya adalah terapi Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique(SEFT). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa pengaruh terapi  SEFT  terhadap  peningkatan kualitas  tidur.  Desain  penelitian  ini  adalah Quasi-eksperimental dengan pendekatan Nonequivalent Control with Pretest and Posttest Design, populasi sebanyak 96 lansia dan jumlah sampel adalah 34 responden pada kelompok kontrol dan intervensi dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan  Instrumen Pittburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Analisis data menggunakan Independent t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh terapi SEFT terhadap peningkatan kualitas tidur pre test dan post test pada kelompok intervensi dengan nilai p value 0,000, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol tidak ada perbedaan dengan nilai p value 0,188. Berdasarakan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, diharapkan masyarakat menjadikan terapi SEFT sebagai penatalaksanaan non-farmakologi untuk meningkatkan kualitas tidur.
Hubungan Status Imunisasi Campak Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Anak Usia 12-59 Bulan
Authors: Susilowati Latifah , Hutasoit Masta
Published: October 2021

Diarrhea is the second leading cause of infant mortality worldwide. InIndonesia, diarrhea is among the top 10 diseases handled in the Puskesmasand the top 10 inpatient diseases at regional hospitals. Measlesimmunization is recommended by the world health organization as aprevention and health care effort for children including prevention of theincidence of diarrhea. The general objective of this study was to determinethe relationship between measles immunization status and the incidenceof diarrhea in toddler in the work area of Kasihan Bantul Health Center.This study uses a case control research design with a retrospectiveapproach. Data collection began with data collection ages 12 - 59 monthssuffering from diarrhea in the last 6 months at the Kasihan Bantul HealthCenter. Then the researcher conducted homevisit to ask about the historyof measles immunization in children. The number of samples in thecontrol group was 44 children and the case group was 44 children. Theresults showed that there was no statistically significant relationshipbetween measles status and the incidence of diarrhea in children aged 12-59 months at the Kasihan Bantul Health Center. Health centers and healthworkers need to increase public awareness of the importance of measlesimmunization in infants as a form of support for government programs toprevent the occurrence of diarrhea.
Pengaruh Kompres Kubis Terhadap Breast Engorgement Ibu Postpartum Sectio Caesarea
Authors: Astuti Yuni , Anggarawati Tuti
Published: October 2021

Sectio caesarea is a delivery by making an incision in uterus through the frontwall of the abdomen. Sectio caesarea actions cause pain due to surgery. She also had pain, fatigue and prolonged labor process can cause breast engorgement. Engorgement is a condition where the breasts become full due to static ASI lymphatic flow, increased congestion and vascularity, and can lead toaccumulation of intra-caudal pressure that will affect the segment of the breast so that the whole pressure increased breast. Non-pharmacological management used to overcome this problem is to use cabbage compresses. Cabbage leaves contain an amino acid that is believed to reduce the breast engorgement. This study aims to determine the effect of cabbage compress to decrease breast engorgement scale of post partum section caesarea. This study used a quasi-experimental research design with a one group pre-post test design. Sampling technique with consecutive sampling. Population in this study were post partum section caesarea with breast engorgement in Rumkit Bhakti Wira Tamtama from June to August 2017. The analysis using the Wilcoxon test. Results has difference in scale breast engorgement before and after cabbage compress on postpartum maternal section caesarea with p value 0,001 (<0,05). Conclusion there are significant cabbage compress to decrease postpartum sectio caesarea with breast engorgement after compresses cabbage. This intervention is recommended to increase the comfort of post partum sectio caesarea with breast engorgement.
Perbedaan Pemberian Jus Tomat Dan Jus Wortel Terhadap Tekanan Darah Lansia Penderita Hipertensi Kecamatan Bawen
Authors: Nugraha Blessa Adhy , Suwanti Suwanti , Aniroh Umi
Published: October 2021

Hypertension is the most common disease in the elderly and causes death worldwide every year. Hypertension disease can be controlled non pharmacologically such us using tomato juice and carrot juice. To know the different effect of carrot juice and tomato juice to blood pressure of elderly hypertension patients in Lemahireng Village, Bawen Sub-district, Semarang Regency. This type of research was Quasy Experiment using Two - Group Pre Post Test Design. The samples in this study were 30 people with 15 samples of carrot juice group and 15 samples of tomato juice. Blood pressure was measured using a sphygmomanometer. Data analysis used dependent t-test and independen tt-test (α = 0,05).  In the carrot juice group, the average systole before administering carrot juice was 165.73mmHg and after it was 149.87 mmHg, while diastole before   administering carrot juice was 95.33 and after it was 88.73 mmHg. In the tomato juice group, the average systole before administering tomato juice was 164.47 and after it was 150.53 mmHg, whereas diastole before administering tomato juice was 93.00 and 85.53 mmHg afterwards. There is no significant difference in the effect of administering carrot juice and tomato juice to lower blood pressure. Carrot juice or tomato juice can be used as a non-pharmacological treatment for hypertensive patients.Key words: Hypertension, Carrot juice, Tomato juice
Pengaruh Metode SPEOS (Stimulasi Pijat Endorfin Oksitosin Suggestif) Terhadap Produksi ASI Pada Ibu Nifas
Authors: Elisa Elisa , Septiariani Latifah Lely , Lestari Kurniati Puji
Published: October 2021

Health profile of Semarang in 2018, the exclusive feeding of the exclusive breast milk in the age of 0-6 months of 65.57%. It’s still far from Central Java target of 80%. This problem of breastfeeding influenced by reduced stimulation of oxytocin hormones, while physical and psychological changes can affect the lactation process. One of the efforts to increase the breast milk production with SPEOS (Suggestive Endorphin Oxytocin Massage Stimulation). The SPEOS method can help nifas mother to facilitate the expenditure of breast milk. To know the effect of the SPEOS method (Suggestive Endorfin Oxytocin Massage Stimulation) on Breast Milk Production in Nifas Mothers. The research design used quasy experiment with one group pre-post test. Sample in this study was nifas mother with spontaneous childbirth amounted to 27 people. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling. Breastfeeding production before mothers performed SPEOS method on average was 3.70 ml with standard deviation of 5,113. Breast milk production after mother performed SPEOS method on average was 129,63 ml with standard deviation 11,001. There was an influence of SPEOS method to breast milk production on nifas mother at Maternity Hospital of Mardi Rahayu Semarang (p-value = 0,000). Stimulation Massage Endorphin Oxytocin SuggestifBreastmilk Production,Nifas Mother
Pengelolaan Ketidakefektifan Perfusi Jaringan Perifer Pada Pasien Post ORIF Hari Ke-3 Atas Indikasi Fraktur Femur Dextra 1/3 Distal Di RSUD Ungaran
Authors: Agustina Anggi , Musta'in Mukhamad , Maksum Maksum
Published: October 2021

Fracture is the broken continuity of the bone. Based on type and size of the bone, bone can break when it is not strong enough to withstand the pressure applied to the bone. The purpose of this research was to determine the management of the ineffectiveness of peripheral tissue perfusion in Mrs.S suffering from third-day post ORIF with the indication of femur 1/3 distal dextra fracture in Cempaka room, Ungaran Regional Hospital. Management results obtained swollen femur on the third-day post ORIF. It can cause complications due to the ineffectiveness of peripheral tissue perfusion in the patient. A suggestion for nurses in the hospital is to be able to carry out routine observations in post-operative ORIF patients that might experience changing condition. Key words:ROM Exercise, Ineffective Peripheral Tissue Perfusion, Post ORIF
Gambaran Kualitas Hidup Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA)
Authors: Liyanovitasari Liyanovitasari
Published: October 2021

According to WHO data in 2017, 36.9 million people were living with HIV and 59% were receiving antiretroviral treatment. HIV / AIDS is an infectious disease caused by infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. HIV / AIDS creates a variety of very complex problems so that HIV patients is required to be able to face problems that impact on their quality of life. The purpose of this study was to describe the quality of life of HIV patients. This type of research is analytical survey research. The approach used is a descriptive approach. The population in this study were all people with HIV / AIDS who were gathered in the Holy Love Peer Support Group, Central Java with a total of 129 members. Sample of 57 people with purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire for quality of life. Univariate analysis using frequency distribution and percentage. The results showed that most of the respondents had a moderate quality of life, namely as many as 39 respondents (68.4%). This research is expected that HIV patients will be able to recognize and develop their abilities so that they can improve the quality of life of HIV patients.Key words:Quality of lifeHIV/AIDS patients
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Jigsaw Sebagai Sarana Untuk Problem Solving Bagi Mahasiswa Pada Mata Kuliah Ilmu Pendidikan
Authors: Munir Muhammad Misbahul , Afrianingsih Anita
Published: October 2021

The objectives of this study are: 1) to know the implementation of the Jigsaw learning model that is used as a means for problem solving for students in educational science courses, 2) To measure the success rate of implementing the Jigsaw learning model that is used as a means for problem solving education science courses, 3) To find out student responses related to the implementation of the Jigsaw learning model that is used as a means for problem solving for students in educational science courses. This research method applies an experimental method with a type of non-equivalent control group design in answering the research problem formulation. The research location was at the Nahdlatul Ulama Islamic University of Jepara, with a population of 30 students. Data analysis techniques used to calculate the results of research using t-test (paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test). Instruments for collecting data using observation and questionnaires. The results of this study include: 1) the continued impact of this is a different level of understanding between active students and students who are passive in completing tasks / problems. active students will of course be better able to master the material, whereas students who are passive will find it difficult to carry out the material by using learning models like this (problem solving). This is indicated by the value of learning outcomes, observation sheet data problem solving process shows that 71% of students in meetings II and II, and 76% of students at meetings IV and V can attend learning well; 2) Based on the statistical data generated, it can be concluded that the initial capability data of the 3 classes of 2PGSD A.1 has identical means (not significantly different) because Sig. (0.232)> 0.05, and F count (1.479) < T table (3,072); and 3) students taught by using the Jigsaw learning model that is used as a means for problem solving for students in Educational Sciences courses can be setup cooperatively to provide higher learning outcomes compared to students taught with classical learning models as a means for problem solving that is set individually. This proves that the Jigsaw learning model through problem solving activities can provide strength that is able to support the improvement of learning outcomes and critical thinking skills and build an active role for student learning.
PENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA MATERI SIFAT-SIFAT CAHAYA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN VISUAL AUDITORI KINETIK (VAK) PADA SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI REMBES 02 KECAMATAN BRINGIN KABUPATEN SEMARANG TAHUN PELAJARAN 2016/2017
Authors: Harsiti Harsiti
Published: October 2021

This research is an effort to improve student learning outcomes in the material properties of light in science subjects through the Kinesthetic Virtual Auditory learning model (VAK). Classroom action research was carried out on fifth grade students of SD Negeri Rembes 02, Bringin District, Semarang Regency, 2016/2017 academic year. This research was motivated by the learning outcomes of many students who were still below the KKM in science lessons, of the 24 students who scored the Minimum Completeness Criteria were 10 students or 41.67%. The improvement of learning outcomes can be seen from the results of classroom action research in cycles I and II. In the first cycle students who completed with the minimum completeness criteria were 16 students or 66.67%. In cycle II students who completed with KKM 70 were 21 students or 87.5%, an increase of 20.83% from cycle I. While the student activity process also increased, where in cycle I only reached 67% or 16 students reached classical ketutansan. But in cycle II there was a very significant increase reaching 92% or 22 students played an active role in participating in the learning process.
STRESS AND ANXIETY IN GENERAL POPULATION IN ROMANIA DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Silistraru Ioana , Cozmanciuc Gabriela , Roșca Ștefan , Bulgaru-Iliescu Diana , Damian Simona Irina , Ciureanu Ioan-Adrian
Published: October 2021

The mental health challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic overwhelmingly affect the general population. Stress and health anxiety, the risk of losing a job and working at home, online education for children, and isolation have a devastating cumulative effect. This study aims to achieve the following: i) to identify the epidemiological specifics of the perceived stress levels in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic; ii) to evaluate the correlation between socioeconomic factors and the level of perceived stress and anxiety; iii) to analyze the correlation between the perceived stress scores and the anxiety scores in the general population. We applied Perceived Stress Score (PSS) validated questionnaire and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) online to a group of respondents (N=1.362), profiling the data based on demographics: age, sex, COVID-19 infection, behavior compliance to sanitary limitations, socioeconomic status, and pre-existing health issues. Results show differentiation of PSS values in female and male respondents; occupation significantly influences the perceived stress score among COVID-19 positive respondents. Educational level and income significantly influence the perceived stress score. Low educational level and low income increase the perceived stress score among negative COVID-19 respondents. Subsequent research is needed to clarify other correlations between the perceived stress levels and general population well-being. While certain life conditions enhance the perception of stress, others could provide protective value to demographic groups. Therefore, we suggest further studies and qualitative approaches to general population stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Personalized and adaptive learning
Authors: Soler Costa Rebeca , Tan Qing , Pivot Frédérique , Zhang Xiaokun , Wang Harris
Published: October 2021

Education Technology advances many aspects of learning. More and more learning is taking place online. Learners’ learning behaviors, style, and performance can be easily profiled through learning analytics which collects their online learning footage. It enables and encourages educational research, learning software application development, and online education practices towards personalized and adaptive learning. As we continue to see personalized and adaptive learning progress, we must also pay attention to the negative impacts that feed into our research. In this paper, we will present our introspection of personalized and adaptive learning and argue that it is the social and moral responsibility of educators and institutions to apply personalized and adaptive learning wisely in their education practice. Educators and institutions should also recognize the realistic diversities of individual students’ learning styles and variable learning progress, contextually dependent learning accessibility, and their correspondent support needs for the fine-grained learning activities. We argue that the strategically balanced practices and innovated learning technology are crucial towards an optimized learning experience for the learners.
Pre-service Teachers’ perceptions on instant messaging and orthographic competence
Authors: Núñez-Román Francisco , Gómez-Camacho Alejandro , Errázuriz-Cruz María Constanza , Núñez-Cortés Juan Antonio
Published: October 2021

This work examines the perception held by pre-service teachers of Spanish in Chile and Argentina of the digital written norm in IM, together with their opinion regarding the influence of textisms on secondary students’ acquisition of orthographic competence. The study uses a transactional approach based on surveys and uses and applies a descriptive non-experimental design. Results, when compared with studies for the European Spanish variant, showed that pre-service teachers in Chile and Argentina considered use of textisms as harmful to secondary students’ development of orthographic competence, despite their own frequent use of textisms. However, one of the main findings is a certain degree of tolerance of specific types of textisms in digital writing, as was a more integrative approach to those written variables on the part of participants in Argentina.
Pengembangan Bahasa Anak Usia Dini Melalui Metode Bercerita dengan Boneka Tangan
Authors: Zahro Mar’atul Fatimatuz , Fiorentisa Iklila Febrianti , Fatini Aisyaroh
Published: October 2021

Language is one of the important development aspects to be developed in early childhood, because language is the main communication media so that children can become part of their social groups. The Storytelling Method is one of the giving learning experiences for early childhood by telling stories to children orally. Hand puppets are one of the games favored by early childhood, because through this game children learn to communicate, imagine, express their feelings and increase their confidence. The purpose of making this article is to discuss language development in early childhood through theories from various figures. Therefore, to develop language in children, parents and teachers can use the method of telling stories with a hand puppet.
Bahasa adalah salah satu aspek perkembangan yang penting untuk dikembangkan pada anak usia dini, karena bahasa merupakan media komunikasi  utama agar anak dapat menjadi bagian dari kelompok sosialnya. Metode Bercerita merupakan salah satu pemberian pengalaman belajar bagi anak usia dini dengan membawakan cerita kepada anak secara lisan. Boneka tangan merupakan salah satu permainan yang digemari oleh anak usia dini, karena melalui permainan ini anak belajar berkomunikasi, berimajinasi, mengespresikan perasaannya dan meningkatkan kepercayaan dirinya. Tujuan dari pembuatan artikel ini untuk membahas mengenai perkembangan bahasa terhadap anak usia dini melalui teori dari berbagai tokoh. Oleh karena itu untuk menembangkan bahasa pada anak, orang tua dan guru dapat menggunakan metode bercerita dengan boneka tangan.
Kata kunci: perkembangan bahasa, metode bercerita, dan boneka tangan.
Analisis Persepsi Guru dan Siswa Kelas X SMA dalam Mengimplementasikan Video Materi Daur Ulang Limbah Plastik Menggunakan Sparkol Videoscribe
Authors: Wicaksana Ervan Johan , Atmadja Pramana
Published: October 2021

Penggunaan video pembelajaran sebagai media pembelajaran diharapkan dapat membantu siswa dalam memahami materi, khususnya daur ulang limbah plastik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 6 Kota Jambi pada bulan Mei 2019. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian analisis deskriptif dengan metode kuantitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat persepsi guru dan persepsi siswa dalam mengimplementasikan video pembelajaran biologi pada materi daur ulang limbah plastik menggunakan sparkol videoscribe. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan cara menyebar angket kepada siswa dan guru. Selanjutnya uji coba produk dilakukan pada 6 orang kelompok kecil, 26 orang siswa kelompok besar dan satu guru mata pelajaran biologi, sebelumnya dilakukan validasi media oleh ahli materi dan ahli media. Hasil validasi oleh ahli materi dengan persentase 81,25% dengan kategori “Sangat Baik” sedangan hasil validasi ahli media 93,75% dengan kategori “Sangat Baik”. Pada uji coba kelompok kecil memperoleh tanggapan 92,5% dengan kategori “sangat baik” sedangkan pada uji coba kelompok besar memperoleh tanggapan 87,2%. Persepsi guru bidang studi biologi memperoleh tanggapan 87,5% dengan kategori “sangat baik“ berdasarkan hal tersebut media layak digunakan.
Kata Kunci: daur ulang limbah plastik, sparkol videoscribe, video pembelajaran
The use of instructional videos as learning media is expected to help students understand the material, especially recycling plastic waste. This research was conducted at the 6th High School of Jambi City in May 2019. This type of research is a descriptive analysis research with quantitative methods. This study aims to look at teacher perceptions and student perceptions in implementing biology learning videos on plastic waste recycling material using sparkol videoscribe. Research data was obtained by distributing questionnaires to students and teachers. Furthermore, the product trial was conducted on 6 small group people, 26 large group students, and one biology subject teacher, before the media validation was done by the material expert and the media expert. The results of the validation by material experts with a percentage of 81.25% with the category "Very Good" while the results of the validation of the media experts 93.75% with the category "Very Good". In the small group trials, it received 92.5% responses in the "very good" category while in the large group trials it got 87.2% responses. Teachers' perceptions in the field of biological studies received 87.5% responses in the category of "very good" based on that the media was appropriate to use.