bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ФАКТОРНА МОДЕЛЬ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗАКЛАДОМ ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ОСВІТИ ТА ЇЇ ПРАКТИЧНЕ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ
Authors: Калініна Людмила Миколаївна , Топузов Олег Михайлович , Лапінський Віталій Васильович
Published: December 2020

У статті коротко представлено досвід застосування моделі управління закладом загальної середньої освіти та її субмоделей, побудованих з використанням факторно-критеріального підходу, для поліпшення результатів освітньої діяльності. Основним завданням застосування моделі закладу загальної середньої освіти як відкритої керованої системи було суттєве зменшення часу вироблення керуючих впливів шляхом прогностичного використання моделей, побудованих з використанням факторного аналізу. Описані процедури їх формування, зокрема – визначення вагових коефіцієнтів параметрів і перевірки адекватності моделей об'єктам моделювання. На прикладі застосування субмоделі інформаційно-організаційного забезпечення функціонування закладу загальної середньої освіти показана можливість коригування організаційної системи інформаційного забезпечення освітнього процесу шляхом використання результатів моделювання на основі первинних даних. Частково описані процедури, способи і засоби отримання первинних даних щодо інформаційного забезпечення організації діяльності навчального закладу та подальшого формування прогнозу освітньої діяльності, подано відповідні критерії шкалювання. Показано наявність і доступність об'єктивних її характеристик. У рамках запропонованої моделі статистично обґрунтовано можливість і доцільність їх застосування для оцінювання результатів діяльності закладу загальної середньої освіти. Розроблено та апробовано організаційні заходи, які надають можливість максимально уникнути суб'єктивізації отриманих даних і забезпечити їх документальне підтвердження. Показано, що прогностичне застосування факторно-критеріальних моделей функціонування закладу загальної середньої освіти дозволяє прогнозувати динаміку змін результатів освітньої діяльності та оперативно коригувати педагогічні впливи, управлінські рішення та механізми їх здійснення. Запропоновано кілька варіантів організації коригування механізмів управління та наведено приклади їх застосування. Для експериментальних закладів загальної середньої освіти, які брали участь у Всеукраїнському педагогічному експерименті, показана ефективність запропонованого підходу.
ПІДГОТОВКА ВЧИТЕЛІВ ДО ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ІНТЕРАКТИВНИХ КОМП’ЮТЕРНИХ МОДЕЛЕЙ ДЛЯ НАВЧАННЯ УЧНІВ ЧЕРЕЗ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ
Authors: Дементієвська Ніна Петрівна
Published: December 2020

Система підвищення кваліфікації вчителів закладів середньої освіти починає реформуватися. Учителі отримують свободу підвищувати свій фаховий рівень через недержавні організації, прийнятними визнаються різні форми такого навчання. Вимоги нового стандарту природничої освітньої галузі визначають уміння, пов’язані з дослідженнями. У статті описані основні положення навчання, яке отримало назву Inquiry- Based Science Education (навчання природничим наукам, що базується на дослідженнях), обґрунтовано, чому навчання з дослідженнями має стати важливим для освіти вчителів, які викладають предмети природничої освітньої галузі. Виклики, що постають перед учителями відповідно до основних положень НУШ та участі України в міжнародному дослідженні PISA, можуть бути реалізовані завдяки розвитку нових форм підвищення фахового рівня вчителів природничої освітньої галузі. Пропонується проведення тренінгу з формування в учнів і вчителів компетентностей, пов’язаних з навчанням через дослідження з використанням комп’ютерних моделювань. Описана, розроблена і апробована програма навчання вчителів щодо використання інтерактивних моделювань для навчання через дослідження. У статті описані деякі елементи методики проведення тренінгових занять з учителями, що викладають предмети природничої освітньої галузі, зокрема при проведенні фронтальних видів діяльності в класі, при виконанні учнями домашніх завдань та для супроводу практичних і лабораторних робіт. Ці види діяльності обрані з огляду на результати опитування вчителів щодо забезпечення засобами ІКТ в класах, де вони викладають. Тренінгові вправи спираються на особливості проведення занять з учнями. Наведені онлайнові ресурси і приклади вправ, пропонованих на тренінгу вчителів фізики і біології, запропонована послідовність проведення занять з учнями. Обґрунтовані переваги використання сервісу Plickers для отримання і обробки миттєвих відповідей учнів як елементу формувального оцінювання під час проведення фронтальних форм занять з учнями з використанням моделей при вивченні фізики, хімії, біології.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ СУПУТНИКОВИХ ЗНІМКІВ У ДОСЛІДНИЦЬКИХ РОБОТАХ УЧНІВ МАЛОЇ АКАДЕМІЇ НАУК УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Довгий Станіслав Олексійович , Бабійчук Світлана Миколаївна , Юрків Лілія Ярославівна , Кучма Тетяна Леонідівна , Томченко Ольга Володимирівна , Данилов Сергій Олександрович
Published: December 2020

У статті висвітлено застосування супутникових знімків в освітньому процесі Малої академії наук України (далі – МАНУ). Описано роль методів дистанційного зондування Землі (далі – ДЗЗ) у науковій освіті МАНУ – освітній концепції, що має на меті сформувати в учня науковий тип мислення через здійснення системних досліджень. Описано навички, які формуються в учнів завдяки застосуванню супутникових знімків у дослідницьких роботах і є особливо важливими в контексті індустрії 4.0: критичне мислення, креативність, здатність логічно обґрунтовувати власну позицію, уміння вирішувати поставлені завдання, оцінювати ризики та приймати рішення, здатність співпрацювати в команді. Наведено приклади компетентностей Нової української школи, що формуються в учнів у процесі здійснення дослідницької діяльності з використанням ДЗЗ. Проаналізовано результати 390 дослідницьких робіт учнів, зокрема поданих на Всеукраїнський конкурс-захист науково-дослідницьких робіт учнів – членів МАНУ в секції «ГІС та ДЗЗ» відділення наук про Землю Київського територіального відділення МАНУ, Всеукраїнський конкурс екологічних проєктів «Еко-погляд», Міжнародну літню школу з основ дистанційного зондування Землі МАНУ. Описано, як за допомогою пошуку, обробки й аналізу супутникових знімків в учнів розвивається науковий тип мислення. Наведено приклади того, як застосування ДЗЗ в учнівських дослідженнях дає змогу: опрацьовувати інформацію з першоджерела (супутникові знімки), перевіряти інформацію зі ЗМІ/соціальних мереж тощо, підтверджувати/спростовувати свою гіпотезу, проводити дослідження віддалених територій. Застосування ДЗЗ як інструменту освіти є особливо актуальним у час пандемії COVID-19, оскільки дає можливість ознайомитись зі станом території, не виходячи з дому, і проводити дослідження через комбінації спектральних каналів знімків, використання тематичних скриптів тощо будь-якої території лише за допомогою комп’ютера та доступу до мережі Інтернет.
PROGNOSTIC ASPECT OF EDUCATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN DIGITAL SOCIETY
Authors: Ничкало Нелля Григорівна , Муранова Наталія Петрівна , Волярська Олена Станіславівна , Пазюра Наталія Валентинівна
Published: December 2020

The issue of the use of educational communications in university students’ training and prospects of their development in the digital society have been analyzed. The methodological basis for the study of prognostic aspects of modernization of educational communications is the combination of systematic, axiological, cultural and individual-oriented approaches. The aim of the paper is to carry out theoretical analysis of the issue and experimentally confirm the effectiveness of educational communications in psychological, pedagogical, social, economic and technological aspects. The analysis of modern philosophic and pedagogical studies of Ukrainian and foreign scholars demonstrated that the development and innovative use of educational communications is influenced by globalization and integrative processes, dynamic changes on international, national and regional labour markets, intensive implementation of informational support, rapid development of commercial activity and the sphere of educational services, including online services. The pedagogical experiment carried out at the National Aviation University, Ukraine, has verified the effectiveness of integrated use of educational communications in distant education. The result of the study proved that the development, modernization and use of educational communications are determined by the following factors: flexibility of educational communications and their orientation towards society requirements; their forward-looking character and focus on dynamic changes in all social, economic and industrial spheres, taking into account digitalization and new educational requirements of different segments of population connected with it; modernization of teaching content, forms, technologies and methods in different educational subsystems; equal access to quality education for all segments of population in the country. The approaches to pedagogical forecasting, development, modernization and the use of educational communications on national, regional and field levels have been offered. It has been found out that upgrading educational communications in the digitized society requires modernization of legislation in view of foreign and domestic innovative experience, increasing demands of employers, educational establishments of different levels of accreditation, state employment service and educational requirements of different segments of population.
The Significance of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Acute Low Tone Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Kim Keon-Ho , Kim Byung Hun , Lee Seungyeol , Chung Jae Ho , Byun Hayoung , Lee Seung Hwan
Published: December 2020

Background and Objectives Acute low tone sensorineural hearing loss (ALHL), an acuteonset hearing loss limited to low tone, was thought to be a subtype of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) but also considered as new disease entity because it shows quite different symptoms, progress, and prognosis. More recently, however, it is thought that SSNHL results from chronic inflammation and thrombosis. Some studies have reported that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were high in SSNHL patients, and that they were significant as prognostic factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of NLR and PLR in ALHL.Subjects and Method From January 2009 to June 2019, we retrospectively studied 58 patients who were diagnosed with ALHL. Characteristics of patients such as sex, age, symptoms and signs, the results of serologic test and pure tone audiometry were evaluated for recovery and for recurrence. Also, we selected 58 people with the same age as control group.Results A total of 167 patients were identified, of whom a half was diagnosed with ALHL and the other half with were the control group. Among the 58 patients, the mean age was 38.0±14.5 years old, and 10 (17.2%) patients were male and 48 (82.8%) patients were female. Among the patients, 35 (60.3%) were hospitalized and 23 (39.7%) were outpatients. For recovery, 38 (65.5%) patients fully recovered while 11 (19.0%) partially recovered, and 9 (15.5%) did not recover. Additionally, 16 (27.6%) patients recurred later with similar symptoms. Between the patient group and control group, there were significant differences in the total white blood cell count, neutrophil count, NLR and PLR (p=0.015, 0.001, 0.002, and 0.025), but there was no significant differences between the recovery group and non-recovery group in any laboratory findings. Also, NLR and PLR showed no significant differences between the recurred group and non-recurred group.Conclusion NLR and PLR in ALHL patients were relatively high compared to the control group, but there were no significant differences between the recovery group and non-recovery group. Furthermore, there was no correlation between NLR and PLR with recurrence. High NLR and PLR values in ALHL patients might reflect its inflammatory etiology, but there is lack evidence for them to serve as prognostic factors.
Risk Factors for Iatrogenic Vocal Fold Palsy during Thyroid Surgery: A Single Institutional Experience Over 10 Years
Authors: Jeong Yeong Wook , Han Young Seok , Lee Hyoung Shin , Kim Sung Won , Lee Kang Dae
Published: December 2020

Background and Objectives Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy is a critical complication of thyroid surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of iatrogenic temporary or permanent RLN palsy and to determine the surgeon’s experience factor for iatrogenic RLN palsy.Subjects and Method We retrospectively reviewed 3404 patients, who underwent thyroidectomy between 2010 and 2019, to identify the surgeon’s experience factor for iatrogenic RLN palsy. Information about patient demographics, surgeon factor, whether or not intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) were used, and the postoperative status of RLN were collected. The incidence of RLN injury was analyzed according to the surgeon experience, surgery for thyroid cancer, effect of IONM and the extent of surgery.Results A total of 4479 RLNs were at risk in 3094 thyroidectomies in this study. There were 34 (1.10%) postoperative vocal cord palsy (VCP) cases after thyroidectomy. All patients with RLN palsy showed a unilateral type. VCP was temporary in 26 (0.84%) cases and permanent in 8 (0.26%) cases. Using the nerve at risk (NAR) method, we found that there were 34 NAR palsy out of the total (4479) NAR (0.76%), 26 NAR temporary palsy (0.58%), and 8 NAR permanent palsy (0.18%). The mean recovery time after temporary VCP ranged between 2-180 days (50.6 days in average). The incidence of permanent RLN injury was higher in surgery conducted by less experienced surgeon (1.71% in less experienced vs. 0.05% in experienced surgeon, odds ratio 35.991, p<0.001). Application of IONM had no impact on incidence of iatrogenic RLN injury.Conclusion The present study demonstrated that less experienced surgeon is associated with an increased risk of iatrogenic permanent RLN palsy after thyroidectomy.
Complete Restored Hearing Loss after Excessive Nose Blowing with Various CT Findings
Authors: Koh Ji Hoon , Lee Eun Jung
Published: December 2020

A perilymphatic fistula (PLF) is defined as leakage of perilymph with several possible causes such as superior canal dehiscence through trauma, temporal bone fracture, or sudden pressure change (e.g., skydiving or scuba diving). Pneumolabyrinth can result from temporal bone fracture after trauma, or sudden pressure change in the middle ear or cerebrospinal fluid, such as excessive nose blowing or Valsalva maneuver. A PLF and pneumolabyrinth may occur without trauma, associated with a sudden pressure change in the middle ear. We report two cases of PLF followed by pneumolabyrinth and one case of suspicious PLF without pneumolabyrinth after excessive nose blowing. All three cases were diagnosed as having sensorineural hearing loss and the patients recovered completely after conservative treatment. We report various CT findings of pneumolabyrinth and PLF, from normal CT findings to air pockets in the labyrinth and soft tissue density around the stapes.
Therapeutic Efficacy of Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Ototoxic Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Kim Subin , Kwon Yoon Hee , Kim In Beom , Seo Young Jun , Han Jae Sang , Seo Jae-Hyun , Lee Hyun Jin , Park Kyoung Ho
Published: December 2020

Background and Objectives Ototoxic sensorineural hearing loss causes permanent hearing loss in most cases. Recently there have been many reports describing cell base therapy with stem cells that has some effect on hearing recovery. We evaluated the efficacy of clinical grade, pre-made, human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in ototoxic deaf animal model.Materials and Method BM-MSCs were cultured in a clinical grade laboratory. The animals were divided into 2 groups as follows: a saline injected control group and a stem cell injected group (MSC-group). Cultured MSCs were transplanted into the brachial vein of the deaf mice model. We recorded auditory brainstem response (ABR) and conducted immunohistochemistry at 1, 3, and 5 weeks.Results After the transplantation of MSC, a significant improvement in the hearing threshold of ABR was observed in the MSC transplanted group. Five weeks after transplantation of MSCs, hair cell regeneration was confirmed from the basal to the apex of the cochlea in fluorescent dyed image under the microscope compared to the control group.Conclusion BM-MSCs were effective in an acute ototoxic deaf animal model. These results show that stem cell transplantation mediate inner ear regeneration.
Pathophysiology of Upper Airway Collapse
Authors: Cho Ki Ju , Kim Sang-Wook
Published: December 2020

Previous pathophysiologic studies have revealed that the upper airway dimension reaches a minimal value at the end of expiration, and pharyngeal negative pressure is not an essential prerequisite for upper airway collapse. Furthermore, pharyngeal collapse occurs in spite of increased activity of upper airway dilator muscles in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) compared with normal subjects. Pharyngeal sensory threshold is elevated in patients with OSA, which contributes to inadequate activity of upper airway dilator muscles. Pharyngeal narrowing results in several types of airflow limitation, of whom the mechanisms are mainly explained using Starling resistor model and negative effort dependence. Several studies have been conducted over the past years to validate polysomnographic surrogate markers which indicate specific pathophysiologic phenotypes, and such attempts may be able to lead us to personalized treatment for OSA.
Stage 3 Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ): successful conservative treatment with ozone therapy
Authors: Lima Livia Bonjardim , Paulo Luiz Fernando Barbosa de , Silva Cláudia Jordão , Filice Letícia de Souza Castro , Barbosa Gabriella Lopes de Rezende
Published: December 2020

Background: The medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws is an uncommon severe complication following utilization of certain drugs, but its occurrence has great impact on the patient’s quality of life. Various treatment modalities are used to manage the lesions, including conservative and surgical procedures. Ozone (O3) therapy emerges as an alternative of non-invasive therapy that can benefit the affected patient without surgical risks, due to the potential of stimulate the activation and migration of fibroblasts in an injured area. Case presentation: This article reports the conservative treatment of a maxillary stage 3 medication-related osteonecrosis, in a partial edentulous patient previously treated with intravenous bisphosphonate for multiple myeloma, who had previous cardiac illness. Conclusion: The stage 3 medication-related osteonecrosis was successfully treated with ozone (O3) gas injection and irrigation with ozonated water, with full coverage of the bone and no suppuration or pain at the end of the treatment. No recurrence was seen after twelve months of follow-up.
Analisis Deskriptif Strategi Komunikasi Hotel Sakura Syariah
Authors: Nazwirman Nazwirman , Zein Efendy
Published: December 2020

The research objective describes an integrated marketing communication strategy in developing Sakura Syariah Hotel to see a comprehensive marketing communication strategy. Hotel Sakura Syariah is a 3-star syariah concept hotel which has 70 rooms. The analytical method uses the 7P (marketing mix) approach. The research results to increase the number of guests staying the strategy consisted of products, which offer a sharia concept with various types of representative rooms. Pricing, using the appropriate price preferences. Place, hotel location that is close to the center of the district capital and easy access. Promotion, with direct selling in accordance with local government and private selling by participating in various marketing events, sales proposals and advertising. People, conduct trainings to improve human resource capabilities. Physical evidence, a physical building that has Sharia characters and is supported by fairly good technology. Process, reservation service is quite fast and excellent. The development of this Sayriah hotel must be supported by related parties, especially the local government in order to increase the number of hotel guests
Подходы Республики Беларусь к институциональной реформе Генеральной Ассамблеи ООН в 2005-2020 гг.
Authors: Лузан Д. В. , Свилас С. Ф.
Published: December 2020

Уже более 20 лет мировое сообщество находится в активном поиске решения проблемы реформирования Организации Объединенных Наций, однако консенсус так и не достигнут. В этой связи детальный анализ позиций отдельных государств является значительным шагом на пути к достижению согласия, позволяя найти точки соприкосновения в проектах реформы. В статье на основе анализа текстов выступлений белорусских дипломатов с трибуны ООН и посредством междисциплинарной методологии определены цели, принципы, направления участия белорусской дипломатии в процессе модернизации ООН, содержатся характеристика и комплексная оценка подходов Республики Беларусь к институциональной реформе Генеральной Ассамблеи. Выделены три пика внешнеполитической активности республики в указанной области, раскрыто их содержание. Особое внимание уделено таким направлениям, как эффективность дискуссий, правовое сопровождение модернизации, система финансирования, повестка дня ГА. Подчеркнута важность расширения практики проведения тематических дебатов по ключевым проблемам современности, повышения эффективности взаимодействия Генеральной Ассамблеи с Советом Безопасности, развития сотрудничества с гражданским обществом. Белорусская дипломатия исходит из необходимости укрепления роли ГА как главного представительного и совещательного органа ООН, усиления позиции Ассамблеи, ее Председателя и его Канцелярии при избрании Генерального секретаря, но без ущемления полномочий Совета Безопасности. Обоснован вывод о том, что в отношении институциональной реформы Генеральной Ассамблеи Беларусь занимает «центристскую» позицию. Предложения белорусской дипломатии направлены главным образом на корректировку работы этого органа без изменения его места и роли в системе Организации. Исследование призвано восполнить существующий в научной и публицистической литературе пробел в изучении проблематики реформирования Генеральной Ассамблеи с позиции Республики Беларусь
Dampak Penggunaan Gadget Pada Anak Usia Dini Pada Kelurahan Kumbe Kota Bima
Authors: Waluyati Ida
Published: December 2020

Penggunaan gadget pada anak tanpa adanya pengawasan orang dewasa cenderung menimbulkan dampak negatif. Anak akan lebih mudah mengakses berbagai konten pornografi dari gadget yang dimiliki karena lebih mudah dan praktis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dampak edukatif dan psikologis penggunaan gadget pada anak usia dini di Kelurahan Kumbe Kota Bima. Penelitianinimenggunakanjenisdeskriptifkualitatif.Subjekpenelitianadalahanak usia dini dan orang tua. Instrumenpengumpulan data berupapedomanwawancaradanobservasi.Teknikanalisis data penelitianmenggunakantahapreduksi, display, sertaverifikasi data.Pengujiankeabsahan data menggunakantrianggulasisumberdanteknik.Hasilpenelitianmenunjukkanbahwa dampak penggunaan gadget pada anak usia dini di Kelurahan Kumbe Kota Bima meliputi: (1) dampak edukatif dari penggunaan gadget lebih cenderung banyak dirasakan oleh orang tua yaitu lebih mudah untuk memantau dan mengatur anak, sedangkan penggunaan gadget bagi anak usia dini hanya untuk hiburan semata dan memacu kegiatan belajar anak, (2) dampak psikologis dari penggunaan gadget adalah anak cenderung bersikap individualis yaitu susah bergaul, kecanduan dan sulit berkembang.
PENINGKATAN KREATIVITAS KERJA MELALUI PENGUATAN KEPRIBADIAN DAN IKLIM ORGANISASI PADA GURU HONORER DI SMA NEGERI
Authors: . Mulyadi , Laihad Griet Helena , Muharam Hari
Published: December 2020

IMPROVING STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL HONORARY TEACHERS CREATIVITY THROUGH PERSONALITY STRENGTHENNING AND ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATEThe creativity of teachers is one important aspect that determines the success of achieving goal of education that is for the building up the intellectual life of the nation. The study is intended to find out the efforts needed to improve the creativity of teachers through personality and climate of the organization of honorary teachers of SMA Negeri at Cibinong, Bogor District. This research is utilizing correlation methods of research, where the first phase of the research was carried out by using a method of quantitative and the data collected through the deployment of questionnaires, and then analyzed by using regression and supported by the description of the statistics. Population of the research were 174 honorary teachers of SMA negeri at Cibinong district. The sample study as many as 122 respondents were determined by the Taro Yamane formula that using the method of proportional random sampling. The results of the quantitative study revealed that personality which emphasizes the stability of emotions (emotional stability), openness (extroversion), easily agreed (agreeableness), can be relied upon (conscientiousness) and openness to experience may contribute to improve creativity. While organizational climate that emphasizes the responsibility of a member, the structure of the organization, award, standards of performance and working environment can contribute to improve creativity. Based on the findings, it is concluded that the stronger of personality and organizational climate, the higher creativity will be.
Clinical, morphological and biochemical signs of polymycotoxicosis in highly productive cows
Authors:   Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Center of the Ural Branch of RAS, Shkuratova Irina A. , Drozdova Lyudmila I. , Belousov Aleksander I. ,   Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Center of the Ural Branch of RAS
Published: December 2020

Mycotoxicological monitoring of forages shows that the problem of mycotoxicosis has been relevant for several decades. Minimal doses of mycotoxins in feed lead to a decrease in milk productivity, increased sensitivity to infectious and non-infectious diseases. When several mycotoxins enter the body simultaneously, a synergistic effect develops, causing a significant increase in toxicity. Feed contaminated with several types of fungi and their toxins is dangerous for dairy cattle. It was found that the feed mixture contained the types of associations of Aspergillus spp. fungi + Fusarium; Aspergillus spp. + Penicillium spp. + Mucor spp; Fusarium + Penicillium; Mucor spp. + Fusarium + Ustilaginales. Pathogenetic features of metabolic and morphological changes in highly productive cows with polymycotoxicosis were studied. Feeding food contaminated with various metabolites of mold fungi leads to the development of signs of chronic toxemia in animals. Clinical manifestations are the development of diarrhea and dehydration, with a decrease in milk productivity. Metabolic disorders feature the development of an inflammatory process, metabolic acidosis, hyperfermentonemia, with an increase in the amount of creatinine and urea in the blood serum. Metabolic signs indicate the development of hepatorenal syndrome due to structural disorders of the liver and kidneys. Histological signs of polymicotoxicosis are intracapillary and hemorrhagic glomerulonephritis, hepatocyte micronecrosis, and proliferation of connective tissue stroma cells, which leads to the development of atrophic cirrhosis in the interstitial and circular phases.
Prospects for the application of lignin containing sorbents in veterinary medicine
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Moroz Anastasiya A. , Schislenko Svetlana A. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University
Published: December 2020

Vaccines against colibacillosis are mainly used, containing only one specific variant of pathogenic E. coli with a preventive purpose among the livestock of stationary dysfunctional farms in conditions of Krasnoyarsk region. For therapeutic purposes, veterinarians usually use wide range of antimicrobial preparations to combat outbreaks of gastrointestinal infections. Many researchers point to the high variability of E. coli bacteria. Use of such preparations, in addition to the formation of high resistance in opportunistic microorganisms to the latter, provoke the accumulation of antibacterial drugs in animal products. Authors conducted studies of the possibility of the practical use of lignin-containing sorbents for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes in field of veterinary medicine in the period from 2001 to 2020. Authors proposed to use the residues after extraction, formed during the complex processing of larch bark, as an enterosorbent. Authors studied the therapeutic and prophylactic effect of enterosorbent from larch bark in case of gastrointestinal infections in experiments in vivo. It was found that the use of the sorbent for therapeutic purposes for 2 days ensured the safety of laboratory animals in the acute form of colibacillosis infection. Preservation was ensured by preventing the penetration of microbial toxins into the tissues of the gastrointestinal tract. The prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of the investigated type of enterosorbent is associated with angioprotective, antitoxic effects due to the high sorption capacity of the drugs.
Registration of animal rabies in Krasnodar region
Authors:   Kropotkin regional veterinary laboratory, Chernykh Oleg Yu. , Bobrov Vadim A. , Zabashta Sergey N. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Krivonos Roman A. ,   Veterinary Department of Krasnodar region, Chernov Albert N. ,   Krasnodar regional Institute of Agribusiness
Published: December 2020

Rabies remains a constant threat to humanity in many parts of the world. At the same time, scientifically grounded antiepizootic measures should be based on the peculiarities of the regional epizootology of this zooanthroponosis. The authors studied the epizootological and statistical reporting data of the Kropotkin Regional Veterinary Laboratory, presented an analysis of the registration of rabies in animals in Krasnodar region. From the obtained data, it should be noted that despite the wide range of animals involved in the epizootic process of rabies infection in Krasnodar region, dogs, cats and foxes play a major role in the reservation and spread of infection, which account for 78.6. Of the total number of registered cases, 15.5% falls on foxes, that indicates the natural focus of the disease, along with the manifestation of the disease in an urban form. At the same time, stray and neglected dogs and cats, which occupy a significant place among the total number of sick animals, are also sources and spread of the infection. Thus farm animals (8.3% of the total number of infected animals) are a biological dead end for the infection. Isolated cases of the disease were noted in muskrat, donkey, raccoon, raccoon dog, marten, ferret and jackal. The authors also established the specific morbidity of various animal species with rabies infection, that is an important aspect in the development and implementation of antiepizootic measures complex
A Major QTL for Resistance to Vibrio anguillarum in Rainbow Trout
Authors: Karami Asma M. , Ødegård Jørgen , Marana Moonika H. , Zuo Shaozhi , Jaafar Rzgar , Mathiessen Heidi , von Gersdorff Jørgensen Louise , Kania Per W. , Dalsgaard Inger , Nielsen Torben , Buchmann Kurt
Published: December 2020

Genetic selection of disease resistant fish is a major strategy to improve health, welfare and sustainability in aquaculture. Mapping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the fish genome may be a fruitful tool to define relevant quantitative trait loci (QTL) and we here show its use for characterization of Vibrio anguillarum resistant rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fingerlings were exposed to the pathogen V. anguillarum serotype O1 in a solution of 1.5 × 107 cfu/ml and observed for 14 days. Disease signs appeared 3 days post exposure (dpe) whereafter mortality progressed exponentially until 6 dpe reaching a total mortality of 55% within 11 days. DNA was sampled from all fish – including survivors – and analyzed on a 57 k Affymetrix SNP platform whereby it was shown that disease resistance was associated with a major QTL on chromosome 21 (Omy 21). Gene expression analyses showed that diseased fish activated genes associated with innate and adaptive immune responses. The possible genes associated with resistance are discussed.
A Multidisciplinary Approach to Investigate Deep-Pelagic Ecosystem Dynamics in the Gulf of Mexico Following Deepwater Horizon
Authors: Cook April B. , Bernard Andrea M. , Boswell Kevin M. , Bracken-Grissom Heather , D’Elia Marta , deRada Sergio , Easson Cole G. , English David , Eytan Ron I. , Frank Tamara , Hu Chuanmin , Johnston Matthew W. , Judkins Heather , Lembke Chad , Lopez Jose V. , Milligan Rosanna J. , Moore Jon A. , Penta Bradley , Pruzinsky Nina M. , Quinlan John A. , Richards Travis M. , Romero Isabel C. , Shivji Mahmood S. , Vecchione Michael , Weber Max D. , Wells R. J. David , Sutton Tracey T.
Published: December 2020

The pelagic Gulf of Mexico (GoM) is a complex system of dynamic physical oceanography (western boundary current, mesoscale eddies), high biological diversity, and community integration via diel vertical migration and lateral advection. Humans also heavily utilize this system, including its deep-sea components, for resource extraction, shipping, tourism, and other commercial activity. This utilization has had impacts, some with disastrous consequences. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill (DWHOS) occurred at a depth of ∼1500 m (Macondo wellhead), creating a persistent and toxic mixture of hydrocarbons and dispersant in the deep-pelagic (water column below 200 m depth) habitat. In order to assess the impacts of the DWHOS on this habitat, two large-scale research programs, described herein, were designed and executed. These programs, ONSAP and DEEPEND, aimed to quantitatively characterize the oceanic ecosystem of the northern GoM and to establish a time-series with which natural and anthropogenic changes could be detected. The approach was multi-disciplinary in nature and included in situ sampling, acoustic sensing, water column profiling and sampling, satellite remote sensing, AUV sensing, numerical modeling, genetic sequencing, and biogeochemical analyses. The synergy of these methodologies has provided new and unprecedented perspectives of an oceanic ecosystem with respect to composition, connectivity, drivers, and variability.
The Association Between Age and Prognosis in Patients Under 45 Years of Age With Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis
Authors: Sun Yueqian , Ren Guoping , Ren Jiechuan , Shan Wei , Han Xiong , Lian Yajun , Wang Tiancheng , Wang Qun
Published: December 2020

This study aims to evaluate the association between age and prognosis in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (anti-NMDARE) under the age of 45 years. A retrospective study was conducted in patients younger than 45 years diagnosed as anti-NMDARE in four hospitals in China. Age at admission was divided into four categories: <15, 15–24, 25–34, 35–45 years. Neurological prognosis was evaluated using modified Rankin Scale. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of prognosis in anti-NMDARE across the categories of age were as follows: in males, 1.00 (reference), 4.76 (0.39–58.76), 13.50 (0.79–230.40), and 8.81 (0.36–218.39) (P for trend = 0.171); in females, 1.00 (reference), 7.27 (0.36–146.19), 20.08 (1.09–370.39), and 54.41 (1.60–1,849.10) (P for trend = 0.01). We concluded that the increasing age was associated with a poorer prognosis of anti-NMDARE in females but not males.
Measuring Peripheral Chemoreflex Hypersensitivity in Heart Failure
Authors: Keir Daniel A. , Duffin James , Floras John S.
Published: December 2020

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) induces chronic sympathetic activation. This disturbance is a consequence of both compensatory reflex disinhibition in response to lower cardiac output and patient-specific activation of one or more excitatory stimuli. The result is the net adrenergic output that exceeds homeostatic need, which compromises cardiac, renal, and vascular function and foreshortens lifespan. One such sympatho-excitatory mechanism, evident in ~40–45% of those with HFrEF, is the augmentation of carotid (peripheral) chemoreflex ventilatory and sympathetic responsiveness to reductions in arterial oxygen tension and acidosis. Recognition of the contribution of increased chemoreflex gain to the pathophysiology of HFrEF and to patients’ prognosis has focused attention on targeting the carotid body to attenuate sympathetic drive, alleviate heart failure symptoms, and prolong life. The current challenge is to identify those patients most likely to benefit from such interventions. Two assumptions underlying contemporary test protocols are that the ventilatory response to acute hypoxic exposure quantifies accurately peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity and that the unmeasured sympathetic response mirrors the determined ventilatory response. This Perspective questions both assumptions, illustrates the limitations of conventional transient hypoxic tests for assessing peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity and demonstrates how a modified rebreathing test capable of comprehensively quantifying both the ventilatory and sympathoneural efferent responses to peripheral chemoreflex perturbation, including their sensitivities and recruitment thresholds, can better identify individuals most likely to benefit from carotid body intervention.
The Impact of a Flipped Classroom on the Creativity of Students in a Cake Decorating Art Club
Authors: Tien Li-Chu , Lin Shih-Yen , Yin Hsiang , Chang Jen-Chia
Published: December 2020

This study explored the effect of learning strategies in a student organization on cake art creativity. The participants were 27 student members of a cake decorating art club from one central university in Taiwan. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was adopted, with 90 h of experimental teaching over 16 weeks. The results, which included the use of a questionnaire, classroom observation, and in-depth interviews, suggest that in terms of creativity, the group participating in flipped classroom learning significantly outperformed the group using traditional learning strategies. Furthermore, flipped classroom learning promoted learner motivation and satisfaction.
The Sources of Knowledge of the Economic and Social Value in Sport Industry Research: A Co-citation Analysis
Authors: Torres-Pruñonosa Jose , Plaza-Navas Miquel Angel , Díez-Martín Francisco , Prado-Roman Camilo
Published: December 2020

The aim of this article is to map the intellectual structure of scholarship on economic and social value in the sport industry. Given that bibliometric techniques are specially appropriate for identifying the intellectual structures of a field of knowledge and complement traditional literature reviews, a co-citation bibliometric analysis has been applied. This kind of analysis identifies networks of interconnections. Therefore, we aim to detect both the most and the least active research areas in this field, as well as their sub-disciplinary composition. There is an abundance of literature on sport efficiency and economic efficiency in the sport industry, our main conclusion is the identification of a literature gap in regard to social value in sport organisations, which is expected to be a research opportunity for scholars. This is in line with the lack of standardisation in the measurement for social value in sport organisations. In fact, similar to analysis undertaken in the past few decades of other industries with contributions to stakeholders and the multi-fiduciary theory of stakeholders, both the creation of social value indicators for sport entities and the empirical analysis of social efficiency in sport institutions, are identified and outlined as future areas of research. Therefore, this bibliometric analysis will contribute to determine the future challenges that this area of research will face in the following years so as to fill the literature gap identified.
Habilidades del pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de educación secundaria de Lima, Perú
Authors: Álvarez Huari María Ysabel , Menacho Vargas Isabel , Esquiagola Aranda Estrella Azucena , Camarena Mucha José Luis
Published: December 2020

En un mundo globalizado, donde la tecnología se desarrolla aceleradamente, es fundamental que los estudiantes de los diferentes niveles educativos desarrollen habilidades del pensamiento crítico como el razonamiento, análisis, síntesis, evaluación y toma de decisiones adecuadas para la solución de diferentes problemas, asimismo será de capaz de responder con éxito a los retos que plantea el siglo XXI. Frente a lo expuesto surge la necesidad de investigar sobre esta variable, de ahí que el objetivo del presente estudio fue describir los niveles de las habilidades del pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de Lima Metropolitana. La investigación fue desarrollada dentro del enfoque cuantitativo, tipo de investigación básica, diseño no experimental de carácter descriptivo, se trabajó con una muestra intencionada de 110 estudiantes de educación secundaria de la ciudad de Lima, Perú. Se recogió la información con el instrumento de pensamiento crítico basado en los planteamientos teóricos de Priestley (2015), el cual se dividió en veinte ítems, tres dimensiones, quince indicadores y un puntaje vigesimal. Los resultados descriptivos indicaron que el 80,0% de participantes se ubicaron en el nivel de inicio y proceso, es decir en camino de desarrollar las habilidades cognitivas del pensamiento crítico y un 20,0% logró aplicar de manera satisfactoria y destacada las capacidades propias de este tipo de pensamiento.
Los factores que afectan a los emprendimientos en el Ecuador
Authors: Vizueta Tomalá Victor Hugo
Published: December 2020

Actualmente los emprendedores se enfrentan a grandes oportunidades, y a la vez, a grandes retos y dificultades, como la degradación del medio ambiente y sus consecuencias en la producción, la crisis económica mundial y local, la proliferación de la administración autocrática de los detentores de poder en las empresas, la protesta social a causa de la insatisfacción política, social y económica del pueblo, bajo nivel de innovación disruptiva que no solo afecta a la producción sino también a la baja calidad de los bienes y servicios que se ofertan. Este artículo tiene como objetivo reconocer los factores que en la actualidad afectan los emprendimientos en el Ecuador, mediante 7 aspectos que afectan a las corporaciones establecidos por Diana Rivenburgh  en su libro, The New Corporate Facts of Life. Según los resultados de Global Innovation Index 2019 (Índice de Innovación Global 2019), el Ecuador se ubica en el puesto 99 entre de 129 países y economías de todo el mundo, en desempeño en materia de innovación, esto, contrastado por el crecimiento económico negativo del país, con valores de alrededor de -7.3% proyectado por el Fondo Monetario Internacional para el 2020 y a la inestabilidad económica producida por las protestas sociales de octubre de 2019 y los efectos de la crisis sanitaria de la pandemia COVID-19 a nivel global, en la que tienen que ver la globalización, el deterioro del medio ambiente, y la falta de liderazgo empresarial para dar respuesta y soluciones a los retos y oportunidades que se presentan.
Reactivación vs turistificación: los retos de las ciudades frente al turismo post pandemia
Authors: Guerra Luzuriaga Priscila
Published: December 2020

El turismo se ha convertido en el mayor fenómeno social del mundo moderno, ha sido también el responsable de grandes transformaciones a nivel global, globalización y turismo han ido de la mano en los últimos años, sin embargo, el excesivo “éxito” del turismo, ha generado también grandes impactos. La gentrificación, la turistificación y más recientemente el overtourism, son efectos directos de lo que no se debe buscar cuando los países y regiones apuestan por el turismo como alternativa de desarrollo. La crisis sanitaria ocasionada por el Covid-19, mostró la fragilidad del sector turístico a escala global, siendo los grandes destinos turísticos los más afectados. Para el caso del Ecuador, al ser un destino emergente, también se ha visto afectado por la paralización total del sector turístico, frente a esta crisis el repensar que tipo de turismo deben plantearse las ciudades es clave. El presente trabajo parte de una revisión de literatura, que busca identificar la evolución de la turistificación en espacios históricos-patrimoniales, durante los últimos veinte años, al tratarse de una investigación de tipo exploratoria, con un enfoque cualitativo, se sustentó en un análisis histórico comparado, para ello, se analizaron destinos tanto de Latinoamérica como de Europa, en los cuales los efectos de la turistificación son por demás notorios y para el caso del Ecuador se tomó como referencia al barrio La Ronda en el Centro Histórico de Quito. Con los resultados obtenidos, se plantean una serie de orientaciones a partir de las cuales se debería repensar el proceso de reactivación turística, de manera particular aquellas ciudades en donde el impacto del turismo ha sido aún incipiente.
Investigation of a Haptic Actuator Made with Magneto-Rheological Fluids for Haptic Shoes Applications
Authors: Heo Yong Hae , Byeon Sangkyu , Kim Tae-Hoon , Yun In-Ho , Kim Jin Ryong , Kim Sang-Youn
Published: December 2020

This paper presents a magneto-rheological (MR) actuator that can be easily inserted into haptic shoes and can haptically simulate the material properties of the ground. To increase the resistive force of the proposed actuator, we designed a movable piston having multiple operation modes of MR fluids. Further, the design of a solenoid coil was optimized to maximize the resistive force in a limited-sized MR actuator. Simulations were conducted to predict the actuation performance and to show that the magnetic flux flows well by forming a closed loop in the proposed actuator. The quantitative evaluation of the proposed actuator was investigated by measuring the resistive force as a function of the input current and its pressed depth. From the result, we found that the proposed actuator can create over 600 N by adjusting the input current.
Target Tracking Enhancement by Three-Dimensional Cooperative Guidance Law Imposing Relative Interception Geometry
Authors: Liu Xiaoma , Han Yang , Li Peng , Guo Hongwu , Wu Wenqi
Published: December 2020

The problem that two cooperative missiles intercept a maneuvering target while imposing a desired relative geometry is investigated in the paper. Firstly, a three-dimensional (3D) estimation model for cooperative target tracking is proposed and the observability of the missile-target range measurement is analyzed. In order to enhance the estimation performance, a two-level cooperative interception guidance architecture is proposed which combines a coordination algorithm with a novel 3D fixed-time convergent guidance law considering line of sight (LOS) angle constraints, such that the desired relative geometry can be imposed quickly and steadily by a dynamic strategy. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed guidance law is evidenced through the numerical simulations comparing with other guidance laws.