bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Open educational resources on preservation: An overview
Authors: Milošević Marija , Horvat Ines , Hasenay Damir
Published: February 2024

In the last decade there have been many initiatives and projects that have dealt with open educational resources with the goal of making education more available and also of improving formal educational practices. The Erasmus+ project Digital Education for Crisis Situations: Times When There Is No Alternative is such an initiative and one of its planned intellectual outputs is to produce a new open educational resource on the preservation of analogue and digital materials. Planning and creating an open educational resource on preservation needs to be based on an understanding of the content that comprises the complex field of preservation. This also provides the basis for conducting research on the available open educational resources in this field. This article aims to provide an overview of the available open educational resources on preservation through an investigation of open educational resource platforms, finding open educational resources on preservation, and analysing them according to the theoretical background on preservation. This provides an understanding of what kinds of open educational resources exist in the field of preservation and also informs the way a new open educational resource should be created.
Experimental and numerical investigation of a single-tree fire
Authors: Accary Gilbert , Darido Joseph , Morvan Dominique , Schneider Leo , Betting Benjamin , Frangieh Nicolas , Meradji Sofiane , Simeoni Albert
Published: February 2024

The physics and the dynamics of static fires were studied numerically and experimentally by burning single Douglas fir trees. The mass loss rate was recorded, as well as the radiative heat flux and temperature at different positions. The numerical simulations were carried out using a fully physical CFD code (FireStar3D), and two levels of description were considered: in the first one, the vegetation was represented using a single fuel-type; in the second, four fuel-types were considered. The numerical results were compared to the experimental data for fuel moisture content of 14% and 50%. The results clearly show the advantage of considering several fuel-types to represent the tree; nevertheless, compared to the experiments, faster tree burning dynamics is obtained by simulation. The role played by the ignition process was also analysed numerically, highlighting the sensitivity of the tree burning dynamics to the ignition protocol.
Ethnic preferences, domestic audiences and military coalition formation
Authors: Hlatky Roman , Landry Joshua
Published: February 2024

Ethnically motivated domestic pressure can incentivize leaders to support co-ethnics via military cooperation during international crises. When a leader requires the support of an ethnic group to retain office, she may face pressure to support foreign co-ethnics involved in an international crisis. Supporting co-ethnics can bolster a leader domestically, but constraints on the executive limit a leader's ability to respond to ethnically motivated pressure. Using data on 257 international crises from 1949–2001 and two case studies, we find robust evidence for the conditional relationship between co-ethnicity, the domestic political salience of ethnicity, executive constraints, and the likelihood of military coalition formation.
Sedimentary and stratigraphic architecture in the geoarchaeological context of Late-Holocene deposits in the eastern coastal plain of Belgium: Zwin region – Hoeke
Authors: Bogemans Frieda , De Clercq Wim , Poulain Maxime , Trachet Jan , Verhegge Jeroen , Heyvaert Vanessa
Published: February 2024

A sedimentary investigation was carried out into the rise and fall of mediaeval Bruges’ maritime access. Because the mediaeval metropolis had no direct connection with the North Sea, its maritime connectivity during the High- and Late-Middle Ages depended on a tidal channel, known as the ‘Zwin’. In order to reconstruct the mediaeval physical environmental situation correctly, the entire Holocene sedimentary record was studied through undisturbed mechanically-drilled cores and electrical cone penetration tests (CPT-e). A detailed sedimentary analysis was complemented with radiocarbon dating and datable archaeological finds to resolve a timeframe for the sedimentary evolution. Tidal channel systems with diverse morphologic and sedimentologic characteristics prevail and cover a period from at least the Roman period till the Late-Middle Ages. The presence of a single peat layer directly on top of the Pleistocene substrate and the stratigraphic position of the tidal channel deposits relative to this peat layer, proves that no seawater entered this part of the Belgian coastal plain before the Late-Holocene. The tidal channel system that was active during the heydays of Bruges (the Zwin) was the last natural one. It silted up due to a further reduction of the accommodation space as a consequence of new embankments, possibly expedited by storms.
“Special Newborn Care Unit” Quality Care Assessment Using SNCU Quality of Care Indices (SQCIs) at Aspirational Districts, Odisha, 2020-2022
Authors: Sahu Dayasis , Sahu Smitamayee , Godara Naresh R. , Subbarayalu Yayathee
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Special newborn care unit (SNCU) Quality of Care Indices (SQCIs) are specific indicators that help in assessing and evaluating the quality of care provided to newborns in SNCUs.

Aims and Objectives

The study described the quality of care at SNCUs in aspirational districts of Odisha by using 7 quality of care indices, 2020-2022.

Materials and Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study on all newborns who received care at SNCUs of 10 aspirational districts in Odisha using the data from the SNCU online database for 2020-2022. Every quarter of the year, all the parameters were extracted and entered into an already designed spreadsheet. The 7 indices generated the SQCI score. We used MS Excel (2021) for data analysis.

Results

A total of 50,226 admissions were registered. Perinatal asphyxia caused the significant morbidity (14,421, 29%). Throughout the 12 quarters, composite SQCI showed satisfactory performance (0.59-0.66). Rational admission of all units was good, and their scores were 0.71 to 0.87. Mortality in normal weight babies showed good performance. The Low Birth Weight Admission Index score ranged from 0.22 to 0.30, that is, unsatisfactory performance. During 2020 to 2022, the overall composite SQCI score of the 10 SNCUs corresponded to satisfactory care (0.56-0.68).

Conclusion

SQCI is an essential tool for assessing the SNCU quality evaluation. It should be regularly used at the district level to enhance quality care. Health facilities’ preparedness for managing perinatal asphyxia is to be studied.
Leading the Horse to Water? Investigating the Impact of Ride-Hailing Services on Hate Crimes
Authors: Qiu Lin , Qiao Dandan , Tan Bernard C Y , Whinston Andrew B
Published: February 2024

Hate crimes, which stem from prejudiced attitudes, have a distributionally detrimental impact on societal stability. Although inter-group contacts are potentially an effective means for reducing prejudice and subsequently decreasing the number of hate crimes, scholars have recently recognized the possibility of negative contacts that might actually amplify prejudice. As a result, the question of whether intergroup contacts truly possess the ability to effectively decrease hate crime numbers remains inconclusive. In addition, prior contact research primarily relies on laboratory experiments because the establishment of intergroup contacts in a field setting is challenging. Examination of the effectiveness of intergroup contacts hence merits further investigation in a real-world setting. In this article, we propose that ride-hailing services, which naturally connect individuals from different backgrounds, offer an avenue to facilitate intergroup contacts in practice, which could potentially reduce prejudice and the volume of hate crimes. Leveraging the staggered introduction of this technology into counties in the United States, we conducted a series of analyses to empirically evaluate the contact effects in the open field. Our analysis reveals a notable decrease in the number of hate crimes (particularly a 5.75% reduction in racial hate crimes) after the introduction of ride-hailing services. These findings remained consistent across various robustness tests. Additional moderation analysis suggests that the increased interaction between different groups, facilitated by ride-hailing services, is the most likely explanation for the observed decrease in hate crimes. We further conducted an extensive survey involving real ride-hailing drivers and passengers. The results from our survey provide direct evidence that ride-hailing services create natural and constructive environments where positive interactions and mutual understanding can develop among diverse groups of people. This, in turn, helps mitigate prejudice and hate crimes within society, as observed in our analysis. This study not only extends the existing body of literature on contact theory but also sheds light on how modern technologies can play a pivotal role in curtailing hate crime, yielding both theoretical and practical implications.
Determinants of Operations Management Faculty Salary: Is Publishing in “A” Journals the “Bottom Line”?
Authors: Metters Richard , Ketzenberg Michael , Abbey James
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the determinants of salary for operations management scholars. Is it as some opine that the only thing that matters is the publication count in “A” journals? How do the full range of activities: research, teaching, service, and administration, affect salary? The present research seeks to shed light on these questions and is predicated on a data set that consists of the research, teaching, and service outcomes, along with salary, for a full census of operations management faculty at 22 public universities (227 faculty) for base, 9-month salary and a subset of 15 universities (150 faculty) for total annual compensation. The results demonstrate partial support for the hypotheses that only “A” publications are financially rewarded, with publications in Production and Operations Management having the highest correlation with salary. The salary reward for publishing in “A” journals is unaffected by number of coauthors. Publications in other academic journals, top-tier practitioner journals, and top journals in sister-fields, and measures of impact, such as citations, H-index, and research awards provide no additional explanatory value of salary. Likewise, service and teaching awards do not add explanatory value. Female Full Professors are paid roughly $23,000 less in base salary than their male counterparts. Non-publishing factors that significantly contribute to salary include changing university affiliations (only for Associate and Full Professors), taking on administrative duties, as well as certain qualitative measures such as achieving Fellow status at the Production and Operations Management Society.
Modeling Operational Flow Capacity and Evaluating Disaster Interventions for Fuel Distribution
Authors: Rana Shraddha , Russell Timothy , Boutilier Justin J , Goentzel Jarrod
Published: February 2024

Fuel is an essential commodity in society with an amplified role during disasters. Disasters often cause a spike in demand for fuel and impose physical and operational constraints on fuel distribution. Accordingly, public and private sector stakeholders seek disaster preparedness and response interventions to ensure an adequate supply of fuel for emergency activities. We develop models to quantify downstream operational flow capacity, i.e., the volume of fuel that can be distributed from bulk storage terminals to retail gas stations via tanker trucks. We do this for both steady state conditions and nonsteady state conditions during disasters. The operational flow capacity measures can serve as inputs to optimal relief distribution and resource allocation problems, as well as enable a cost-benefit assessment of interventions aimed at increasing system capacity. We identify the best interventions for each type of bulk storage terminal structure and determine how to prioritize bulk storage terminals for each type of intervention when resources are limited. As the downstream fuel distribution system from bulk storage terminals to retail gas stations is similar across regions, our methodology and insights are generalizable not only within the US but also in countries with comparable distribution systems. To demonstrate impact on practice, we present a case study drawn from the application of our methodology to support US federal disaster preparedness. More generally, we contribute to system level understanding of multiserver tandem cyclic queues with time-limited customers found in relief distribution systems, which is often overlooked in the disaster management literature.
Succinate Dehydrogenase Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma With Sarcomatoid and Rhabdoid Features—A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Ajmal Namra , Lallas Costas D. , McCue Peter , Li Li
Published: February 2024

Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-deficient renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a rare epithelial tumor with a biallelic mutation involving any subunit of the SDH complex. Mostly, it has low-grade morphology and a favorable prognosis. We present a case of a 36-year-old woman with weight loss, night sweats, and symptomatic anemia. Her imaging showed a hypo-enhancing heterogeneous right renal mass with invasion of the renal vein and inferior vena cava. Microscopically, the tumor had focal low-grade areas (5%) and extensive areas with high-grade features, including rhabdoid (85%) and sarcomatoid (10%) dedifferentiation. Cytoplasmic inclusions, foci of extracellular mucin, coagulative necrosis, and inflammatory infiltrate were present. The tumor cells, including rhabdoid differentiated, were focally positive for AE1/AE3. Tumor cells showed loss of SDHB immunostaining, consistent with diagnosis. Genetics testing was recommended, but the patient expired due to metastatic carcinoma. Prior studies suggest that sarcomatoid transformation and coagulative necrosis increase the risk of metastasis by up to 70% in SDH-deficient RCC. Follow-up with surveillance for other SDH-deficient neoplasms is recommended in cases of germline mutation. Here, we report the first case of SDH-deficient RCC with concomitant rhabdoid and sarcomatoid features and a detailed review of diagnostic difficulties associated with high-grade tumors.
Effects of Patiromer and Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate on Blood Pressure in Rats with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Li Lingyun , Budden Jeff , Quinn Carol Moreno , Bushinsky David
Published: February 2024

Background

Potassium-binders patiromer and sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) are approved to treat hyperkalaemia, which is frequently observed in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Elevated blood pressure (BP) is common in CKD, due in part to impaired sodium excretion. The effect of patiromer, which exchanges calcium for potassium and SZC, which exchanges sodium or hydrogen for potassium, on BP was assessed in a CKD rat model.

Methods

Thirty-six Sprague Dawley rats with 5/6 nephrectomy were randomised to three groups (n = 12/group) to receive 4 g/kg/day patiromer or SZC, or vehicle treatment, for 8 weeks. BP was determined by radiotelemetry and urinary protein and electrolytes were measured.

Results

At Week 8, systolic BP (sBP) increased in all groups; however, patiromer led to a lower mean (standard deviation) sBP than vehicle or SZC (141 [2.9] vs 158 [5.2] or 162 [6.1] mm Hg, respectively, both p < 0.001), with no difference in sBP between vehicle and SZC ( p = 0.08). Similar results were observed for diastolic BP. Serum potassium levels fell with SZC ( p < 0.02), but not vehicle or patiromer. Urine potassium decreased with both patiromer and SZC versus vehicle ( p < 0.01); urine sodium increased with SZC ( p < 0.01); and urine calcium increased with patiromer ( p < 0.01). Urine phosphorus decreased with patiromer ( p < 0.01) but increased with SZC ( p < 0.01). Patiromer resulted in less proteinuria than vehicle or SZC (both p < 0.017).

Conclusions

After 8 weeks, treatment with patiromer resulted in lower BP in rats than vehicle or SZC. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanism of the differential effect of potassium binders on rat BP.
“Gender-Based Water Violence”: Cross-Cultural Evidence for Severe Harm Associated With Water Insecurity for Women and Girls
Authors: Tallman Paula Skye , Salmon-Mulanovich Gabriela , Archdeacon Natalie , Kothadia Aman , Lopez Flores Lucia , Castañeda Karina , Collins Shalean , Rusyidi Binahayati , Cole Stroma
Published: February 2024

We examined how study participants in Indonesia and Peru viewed the relationship between water insecurity and women's health via thematic analysis of interviews and focus groups. Participants reported that water insecurity led to vaginal infections, miscarriage, premature births, uterine prolapse, poor nutrition, restricted economic opportunities, and intergenerational cycles of poverty. Participants in both countries stated that extreme burdens associated with water insecurity should be categorized as violence. Based on these findings, we developed the concept of “gender-based water violence,” defined as the spectrum of stressors associated with water insecurity that are so severe as to threaten human health and well-being, particularly that of women and girls.
Digitalization of Smart City—Sine Qua Non or an Option for Those Interested?
Authors: Szpak Agnieszka , Modrzyńska Joanna , Dahl Michał
Published: February 2024

A common feature of numerous definitions of “smart city” is the skilfull use of digitalization tools aimed at achieving the goals of urban policy based on the principles of sustainable development. Digitalization is, therefore, the foundation of a smart city, however, there are no uniform standards for digital solutions that city authorities could implement. This article aims to analyze digitalization solutions understood as processes implemented in the cities ranked in the first five positions of the latest Smart City Index report for 2021—Singapore, Zurich, Oslo, Taipei City, and Lausanne. The authors show whether—and to what extent—digitalization of smart cities is a defining condition for their status and to what extent it is optional. The study showed that various digitalization solutions and paths were implemented, however, their scope and goals differ depending on the specificity of each city and the municipal strategy implemented.
Debonding of an elastic layer with a cavity from a rigid substrate caused by rotation of a bonded rigid cylinder
Authors: Malits Pinchas
Published: February 2024

Debonding of an elastic layer with a circular cylindrical cavity [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], from a rigid substrate under action of a rigid cylinder is the object of this study. The annular debonding zone [Formula: see text] is caused by rotation of a cylinder bonded to the cavity surface. The problem is reformulated as dual integral equations with Weber integral transforms kernels. A Volterra operator transforming a Weber transforms kernel into a Bessel function of the first kind and Hankel integral transforms allow us to reduce dual equations to a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind and then, by some transformation, to another Fredholm integral equation which is more suitable for approximate methods. As [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], a highly accurate analytic approximate solution of the problem is suggested. The asymptotic solution of the problem is obtained as the width of debonding zone is very small while the thickness is not small. When the thickness is small, the Fredholm integral equations are computationally inefficient. A new method based on an operator transforming a Bessel function of the first kind into the kernel of Mehler–Fock integral transforms enabled us to convert one of the above-mentioned Fredholm equations into an equivalent Fredholm integral equation of the second kind that is effective for a small thickness. The asymptotic solution of the problem is obtained when both the layer thickness and the debonding zone width are small. Accurate mathematical methods, in particular investigations, and transformations of equations, developed in this study can be interesting to researchers employing dual integral equations technique in problems of mechanics and mathematical physics with mixed boundary conditions.
On Personality Measures and Their Data: A Classification of Measurement Approaches and Their Recommended Uses
Authors: Mayer John D. , Bryan Victoria M.
Published: February 2024

We employ a new approach for classifying methods of personality measurement such as self-judgment, mental ability, and lifespace measures and the data they produce. We divide these measures into two fundamental groups: personal-source data, which arise from the target person’s own reports, and external-source data, which derive from the areas surrounding the person. These two broad classes are then further divided according to what they target and the response processes that produce them. We use the model to organize roughly a dozen kinds of data currently employed in the field. With this classification system in hand, we describe how much we might expect two types of measures of the same attribute to converge—and explain why methods often yield somewhat different results. Given that each measurement method has its own strengths and weaknesses, we examine the pros and cons of selecting a given type of measure to assess a specific area of personality.
The Implication of Growth Arrest-Specific 5 rs145204276 Polymorphism and Serum Expression of Sirtuin 1, Transforming Growth Factor-Beta, and microRNA-182 in Breast Cancer
Authors: Hasona Nabil A , Elsabahy Mahmoud , Shaker Olfat G , Zaki Othman , Ayeldeen Ghada
Published: February 2024

Background:

Breast cancer (BC) patients have a higher chance of survival if it is diagnosed at an early stage, which is essential for efficient treatment of the condition. The results of an elevated risk of cancer, including BC, previously associated with the ins/del polymorphism rs145204276 in the promoter region of growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) are still up for debate. Thus, this study aimed to appraise the frequency of the GAS5 rs145204276 variant with BC risk and demonstrate the potential impact of the sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and microRNA-182 (miR-182) expression and their diagnostic value in BC.

Methods:

Blood samples of 155 patients with BC and fibroadenoma and 80 healthy controls were analyzed for GAS5 rs145204276 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), SIRT-1, TGF-β, and miRNA-182 expression levels.

Results:

Ins/ins genotype and ins allele frequencies for GAS5 rs145204276 were considerably higher in BC patients compared with controls. Patients with BC had significantly greater serum levels of TGF-β, miR-182, and SIRT-1 expression.

Conclusions:

The SIRT-1, TGF-β, and miR-182 genes provide novel, noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for BC.
Risk Factors for Distant Metastasis in T3 T4 Rectal Cancer
Authors: Tang Cui , Xu Jinming , Lin Moubin , Qiu Shixiong , Wang Huan , Zuo Xiaoming , Liu Mengxiao , Wang Peijun
Published: February 2024

Background:

Distant metastasis is the leading cause of death in patients with rectal cancer. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the risk factors of distant metastasis in T3 T4 rectal cancer using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), pathological features, and serum indicators.

Methods:

The clinicopathological data of 146 cases of T3 T4 rectal cancer after radical resection from January 2015 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Pre- and postoperative follow-up data of all cases were collected to screen for distant metastatic lesions. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression methods were used to analyze the relationship between MRI features, pathological results, serum test indexes, and distant metastasis.

Results:

Of the 146 included patients, synchronous or metachronous distance metastasis was confirmed in 43 (29.4%) cases. The patients’ baseline data and univariate analysis showed that mrEMVI, maximum tumor diameter, mr T Stage, pathological N stage, number of lymph node metastasis, cancer nodules, preoperative serum CEA, (Carcinoembryonic antigen) and CA199 were associated with distant metastasis. In the multiple logistic regression model, mrEMVI, pathological N stage, number of lymph node metastasis, maximum tumor diameter, and preoperative serum CEA were identified as independent risk factors for distant metastasis: mrEMVI [odds ratio (OR) = 3.06], pathological N stage (OR = 6.52 for N1 vs N0; OR = 63.47 for N2 vs N0), preoperative serum CEA (OR = 0.27), tumor maximum diameter (OR = 1.03), number of lymph nodes metastasis (OR = 0.62). And, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted and the area under the curve was calculated (area under the curve [AUC) = 0.817, 95% CI = 0.744-0.890, P < .001].

Conclusions:

mrEMVI, pathological N stage, number of lymph node metastasis, maximum tumor diameter and preoperative serum CEA are the independent risk factors for distant metastasis in T3 T4 rectal cancer. A comprehensive analysis of the risk factors for distant metastasis in rectal cancer can provide a reliable basis for formulating individualized treatment strategies, follow-up plans, and evaluating prognosis.
Secularity and Urban Gentrification: A Spatial Analysis of Downtown Buddhist Temples in Shanghai
Authors: Huang Weishan
Published: February 2024

This essay examines the process of revival of Han Buddhist communities since 1978 under the state-planned acceleration of urban gentrification in Shanghai. After examining data from 120 temples together with ethnographic research in two downtown temples, the author finds two key changes in urban Buddhism: First, political constructions cause an increasing divide between the city center and suburban areas in the religious spaces of Buddhism. The mainstreaming of Buddhism in the downtown areas has appeared under a new drive of economic and cultural gentrification that has generated different physical and social neighborhoods. Second, not confined to being iconized as tourist sites, temple-centered Buddhism led by abbots is engaged in “niche-switching” between attracting commuters and visitors and attending to temple-based devotees, thereby negotiating their social positions in the commercial zones. The results indicate how the neighborhood has become less important once temples extend their membership’s non-geographic ties.
Multi-objective optimization of surface texture shape in fluid mechanical face seals using mass-conserving cavitation boundary condition
Authors: Li Yulong , He Yongyong , Luo Jianbin
Published: February 2024

Surface texture shape significantly influences the tribological and sealing properties of fluid mechanical face seals. Considering that it is a contradiction to simultaneously improve load capacity and reduce leakage, a numerical multi-objective optimization model is proposed herein to improve the load-carrying capacity while reducing the volume leakage rate via texture shape optimization. The mass-conserving cavitating boundary condition and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II are employed for the optimization. The numerical results indicate that the optimal texture shape is spiral-like under the lowest volume leakage rate, which becomes an asymmetric flat-front chevron with increasing load-carrying capacity and volume leakage rate. The optimal shape outperforms four regular shapes (all obtained by multi-objective optimization) at different rotation speeds and sealing pressures. The cavitation within the optimal shape ensures zero leakage in fluid face seals. The comprehensive performance of the texture shape obtained by multi-objective optimization is superior to that obtained by single-objective optimization.
Effectiveness of immunotherapies in relapsing myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease
Authors: Bilodeau Philippe Antoine , Vishnevetsky Anastasia , Molazadeh Negar , Lotan Itay , Anderson Monique , Romanow Gabriela , Salky Rebecca , Healy Brian C , Matiello Marcelo , Chitnis Tanuja , Levy Michael
Published: February 2024

Background:

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) can cause optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). Immunotherapy is often used for relapsing disease, but there is variability in treatment decisions.

Objective:

The objective was to determine the annualized relapse rates (ARRs) and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) compared to pre-treatment and relapse-freedom probabilities among patients receiving steroids, B-cell depletion (BCD), intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF).

Methods:

Retrospective cohort study of patients with relapsing MOGAD treated at Mass General Brigham. ARRs and IRRs compared to pre-treatment, and relapse-freedom probability and odds ratio for relapse-freedom compared to prednisone were calculated.

Results:

A total of 88 patients met the inclusion criteria. The ARR on IVIG was 0.13 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.06–0.27) and the relapse-freedom probability after at least 6 months of therapy was 72%. The ARR on BCD was 0.51 (95% CI = 0.34–0.77), and the relapse-freedom probability was 33%. The ARR on MMF was 0.32 (95% CI = 0.19–0.53) and the relapse-freedom probability was 49%. In pediatric-onset disease, MMF had the lowest ARRs (0.15, 95% CI = 0.07–0.33).

Conclusion:

IVIG had the lowest ARRs and IRRs compared to pre-treatment and the highest relapse-freedom odds ratio compared to prednisone, while BCD had the lowest. In pediatric-onset MOGAD, MMF had the lowest ARRs.
Can mindfulness facilitate posttraumatic growth in breast cancer patients? The mediating role of illness perceptions and positive emotions
Authors: Dahabre Rawan , Bentley Gabriella , Poikonen-Saksela Paula , Mazzocco Ketti , Sousa Berta , Pat-Horenczyk Ruth
Published: February 2024

The current observational study aimed to examine the relationship between mindfulness and posttraumatic growth (PTG) among patients with breast cancer. Additionally, it explores the mediating role of illness perceptions and positive emotions. A total of 697 women with breast cancer were recruited from four clinical sites as part of the Bounce project in Finland, Portugal, Italy, and Israel. The study measures were mindfulness (MAAS), illness perceptions (IPQ), positive affect (PANAS), and post-traumatic growth (PTGI) at three time points: near the time of diagnosis, 6 months, and 12 months post-diagnosis. A higher level of mindfulness was associated with perceptions of the illness as less chronic. Specifically, the perception of a limited timeline of breast cancer was associated with positive emotions, thus leading to enhanced PTG. Emphasis should be placed on promoting mindfulness, elaborating on illness perceptions, and maintaining positive affect as part of clinical interventions for PTG among breast cancer patients.
Assessment of adjacent building vibrations induced by metro with a multigrid fully coupled method
Authors: Wang Qihao , Cai Xiaopei , Qi Yanli , Zhang Qian , Tang Xueyang
Published: February 2024

The vibrations generated by metro operations can cause structural damage and discomfort to occupants adjacent to the metro lines. In this study, a multigrid fully coupled method of metro vehicle-track-station-soil-building systems is proposed to predict and assess building vibrations before construction. This approach facilitates the efficient calculation of the fully coupled system, while ensuring precise simulations through the utilization of multigrid techniques for wheel-rail contact, track, station, soil, and building components. Using the newly built opera theatre along Beijing metro line 4 as a case, the study demonstrates that the multigrid fully coupled model can predict the dynamics characteristics of metro-induced vibrations and distribution with high accuracy compared with the field tests. Specifically, it was found that metro operations could result in vibrations exceeding specified limits in the opera theatre, particularly at 10∼40 Hz (the building’s natural frequency) and 60∼80 Hz (the main frequency band of vibration caused by the metro). Finally, the mechanism of excessive vibration and the effectiveness of targeted vibration mitigation measures were analyzed with the proposed method. These findings have promising implications for wider applications in environmental assessments and control strategies for new metro lines or vibration-sensitive buildings.
‘The window area shall be at least one-tenth of the area of the room’: The origins of a daylight (and ventilation) requirement in modern building codes
Authors: Isaacs N P
Published: February 2024

Current New Zealand (New Zealand Building Code), Australian (National Construction Code) and American (International Building Code) building codes include deemed-to-satisfy requirements for a given proportion of a house’s floor area (e.g. 10%) to be in windows. These, plus the current English Building Regulations, also require a proportion of windows to be openable (e.g. one-half or 5% of the floor area). A detailed summary table supported by code extracts is used to trace the evolution of these requirements. Even the architects of antiquity provided only rules for window proportions but not for window area or size based on room dimensions. The paper demonstrates the evolution of this 21st century requirement follows a direct line to the English 1859 model ‘ Byelaws as to New Streets and Buildings’. Prior to that date, only two rules from 1842 (room volume based) and 1734 (height and volume based) have been found which gave a required window area based on room size. It is hypothesised that one of these led to the current rules. Although the current proportion rules may be appropriate, no empirical research-based origin has been identified.
Protect and Provide: Perceptions of Manhood and Masculinities Among Disabled Violently Injured Black Men in a Hospital-Based Violence Intervention Program
Authors: Baker Nazsa S. , VanHook Cortney , Ricks Tiffany , Vil Christopher St. , Lassiter Teri , Bonne Stephanie
Published: February 2024

Exploring the post-injury lives of those who have survived gunshot wounds is essential to understanding the entire scope of firearm violence. The lives of Black male firearm violence survivors are transformed in various ways due to their injuries both visible and invisible. This study explored how Black men who suffer from disabilities via a firearm negotiated their masculine identities. Semi-structured, qualitative interviews were conducted with 10 violently injured Black men participating in a hospital-based violence intervention program. Survivors expressed their thoughts on how their injuries impacted their manhood and masculinities. Three themes emerged: (1) perceptions of manhood, (2) loss of independence and burden on others, and (3) and mobility. These themes highlighted and described how their lives were impacted post-injury and characterized their psychological and physical experience of recovery. The research findings suggest the need for more qualitative studies to further explore the relationship between firearm injury, Black masculinity, and perceptions of manhood. While Black men are understudied in health research and invisible in disability research, they continue to be hyper-invisible when discussing violently acquired disabilities.
Documenting prison therapy: Insider audience perspectives on The Work (2017)
Authors: Bennett Jamie , Smith Millie E
Published: February 2024

This article is an audience ethnography, focusing on the documentary The Work (dir Jairus McLeary and Gethin Aldous, US, 2017), which depicts a four-day therapeutic programme involving men from the community and men from a high security prison. The film was screened to audiences of people who live and work in an English prison-based therapeutic community. Previous prison-based audience studies have highlighted the significance of the media text and the characteristics and experiences of the audience, but have not specifically addressed the salience of the context in which the media is consumed. By conducting the research in an atypical penal environment, the intention is to illuminate how consumption is affected by different penal contexts. The audience offered macro, meso and micro level responses to the documentary. At a macro level, they recognised the reforming intentions of the film, but also revealed the limitations of popular culture, with its emphasis on spectacle. At a meso level, the audience offered a sophisticated and expert analysis of the content and omissions of the film’s representation of therapeutic processes and cultures. At a micro level, those serving prison sentences used the content of film as therapeutic material, reflecting on their own emotions and experiences, while the prison staff used the content to explore their professional identities. The audiences viewed the film through a therapeutic habitus, and media consumption was a way of enacting and reinforcing the expectations and practices of therapeutic community life. By highlighting the salience and variability of penal contexts, the study extends prison-based audience scholarship, but also highlights a factor that should be considered in the planning and design of media and arts programmes in prison.
Reliability of the serial reaction time task: If at first you don’t succeed, try, try, try again
Authors: Oliveira Cátia M , Hayiou-Thomas Marianna E , Henderson Lisa M
Published: February 2024

Procedural memory is involved in the acquisition and control of skills and habits that underlie rule and procedural learning, including the acquisition of grammar and phonology. The serial reaction time task (SRTT), commonly used to assess procedural learning, has been shown to have poor stability (test–retest reliability). We investigated factors that may affect the stability of the SRTT in adults. Experiment 1 examined whether the similarity of sequences learned in two sessions would impact stability: test–retest correlations were low regardless of sequence similarity ( r < .31). Experiment 2 added a third session to examine whether individual differences in learning would stabilise with further training. There was a small (but nonsignificant) improvement in stability for later sessions (Sessions 1 and 2: r = .42; Sessions 2 and 3: r = .60). Stability of procedural learning on the SRTT remained suboptimal in all conditions, posing a serious obstacle to the use of this task as a sensitive predictor of individual differences and ultimately theoretical advance.
Throwing it out there: Grip on multidimensional performance characteristics of judoka – a systematic review
Authors: Schoof Suzan , Sliedrecht Froukje , Elferink-Gemser Marije T.
Published: February 2024

Judo is a dynamic and complex sport, and therefore talent programs may benefit from a multidimensional approach to identify clear and reliable performance characteristics in order to monitor and train athletes. However, from both a practical and theoretical point of view, understanding on this topic is limited. This systematic review therefore aimed to (1) identify which multidimensional performance characteristics can discriminate between different performance levels of judoka and (2) find the gaps in literature. To categorize the findings the Groningen Sport Talent Model (GSTM) was applied. A systematic search of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. In total 23 studies with good to excellent methodological quality were included. All performance characteristics of the GSTM (anthropometrical, physiological, technical, tactical, and psychological) were represented in the included studies. There is strong evidence to suggest that a broad set of physiological characteristics is needed to manage the demands of judo combats. Additionally, there is strong evidence that performance characteristics related to grip fighting discriminate between judoka of different performance levels and higher performance level judoka are characterized by the ability to throw their opponent and to variate in technique. The findings of this review can be used as a basis for talent development and identification in judo, and to optimize training programs. Future research should focus on increasing the understanding of psychological characteristics of judoka and the multidimensional talent trajectory by conducting longitudinal studies.
Complications after total wrist arthroplasty
Authors: Boeckstyns Michel E. H. , Herzberg Guillaume
Published: February 2024

We reviewed the incidence and management of complications after total wrist arthroplasty, as reported in the literature, with so-called fourth-generation implants and other recent designs. While early intraoperative and postoperative complications, including fractures, tendon lacerations, infection, nerve compression, tendonitis, stiffness and chronic regional pain syndrome, had an acceptable incidence, late complications, such as periprosthetic osteolysis and implant loosening, occurred more frequently. Implant survival at 10 years was in the range of 70%–80% in most publications. Several of the implants have been modified or withdrawn. Instability and dislocation were frequent after a pyrocarbon spacer. Failed arthroplasties can be salvaged by revision arthroplasty or total wrist arthrodesis. Revision arthroplasty has a lower survival rate than primary arthroplasty and does not clearly offer important significant advantages over total wrist arthrodesis in terms of patient-reported outcome measures. Further development of prosthetic design, new materials and more knowledge on patient-related risk factors are needed.
You are worth it: Social support buffered the relation between impostor syndrome and suicidal ideation
Authors: Wei Ziyi , Li Yifan , Liu Luming , Wu Xinchun , Qiao Zhihong , Wang Wenchao
Published: February 2024

Suicide has become one of the most important causes of death among college students, and thus it is essential to explore its risk factors and interventions. In this study, we investigated the effect of impostor syndrome on suicidal ideation and its mechanisms. A sample of 1,897 Chinese college students participated in the study (57.1% females; Mage = 19.92; SD = 1.50) and completed a series of related questionnaires at two time points with a six-month interval in the context of COVID-19. The results showed that impostor syndrome positively predicted suicidal ideation, and depressive symptoms mediated this effect. In addition, both family support and friend support weakened the prediction of depressive symptoms by impostor syndrome, but only family support weakened the prediction of suicidal ideation by depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that impostor syndrome may lead to serious consequences, but social support could be an effective intervention.
Radiographic outcome after greater trochanteric epiphysiodesis in patients with Perthes disease
Authors: Osterholt Ann-Carolin , Bittersohl Bernd , Westhoff Bettina
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease often leads to greater trochanteric overgrowth, which negatively affects the biomechanics of the hip joint. This study aimed to evaluate the physiologic growth of the greater trochanter and the effectiveness of greater trochanteric epiphysiodesis radiographically.

Methods:

Retrospectively, 46 children (33 male, average age at greater trochanteric epiphysiodesis 8 ± 1.3 years) with unilateral Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease undergoing greater trochanteric epiphysiodesis with screws and curettage of the epiphysis were included. On radiographs of the pelvis pre- and postoperatively (mean follow-up 3.5 years), trochanteric height, articulotrochanteric distance, and center–trochanter distance were determined and compared to the unaffected side. Reference values for the physiological development of trochanteric height, articulotrochanteric distance, and center–trochanter distance over time were established.

Results:

Greater trochanteric epiphysiodesis reduced trochanteric growth by 29% measured by trochanteric height, but only statistically significant in the group “<8 years” (p = 0.02). Regression analysis revealed inhibition of trochanteric growth of 0.92 mm/year. Both articulotrochanteric distance and center–trochanter distance of the affected and unaffected side converged during the follow-up period: articulotrochanteric distance of the affected hip increased (preop: 11.2 ± 7 mm, maturity: 18.5 ± 10 mm; p < 0.01) compared to no change on the unaffected side (preop: 19.3 ± 5 mm, maturity: 18 ± 6 mm; p = 0.69). Center–trochanter distance of the affected hip stayed unchanged (preop: (−7.9) ± 7 mm, maturity: (−7.8) ± 9 mm; p = 0.13). On the unaffected side, center–trochanter distance became negative (preop: 0.9 ± 6 mm, maturity: (−6.5) ± 5 mm; p < 0.001). Measured by articulotrochanteric distance and center–trochanter distance, 31.8% achieved an optimal result.

Conclusion:

Greater trochanteric epiphysiodesis has a positive effect on greater trochanter growth and therefore on hip anatomy. Further studies must show whether these positive effects also result in biomechanical and functional benefits.

Level of evidence:

level III.
Acceptability of Performing Resistance Exercise Breaks in the Workplace to Break Up Prolonged Sedentary Time: A Randomized Control Trial in U.S. Office Workers and Students
Authors: Rogers Emily M. , Banks Nile F. , Trachta Emma R. , Barone Gibbs Bethany , Carr Lucas J. , Jenkins Nathaniel D. M.
Published: February 2024

We investigated the acceptability of bodyweight resistance exercise breaks (REB) to disrupt prolonged sedentary behavior in the workplace. Twenty-nine individuals completed a REB, where they performed 3-min REB 4, 8, and 16 times on days 1–2, 3–4, and 5 of the workweek, respectively, and a control condition (i.e., SIT). Productivity was assessed on days 1 and 5 each week. The acceptability of each REB frequency was assessed. When asked to complete 4, 8, and 16 REB, participants completed (mean values) 3.2, 6.2, and 9.2 REB/day, respectively. Moreover, 88%, 40%, and 9% of participants expressed that the 4-, 8-, and 16-REB frequencies were acceptable, respectively. Decision-making ability and concentration levels increased from day 1–5 of the REB week (p=0.048) but were stable during SIT. REB (4/day) are highly acceptable and could be a promising intervention strategy for reducing occupational sitting, thus decreasing sedentary-behavior-induced risk.
Factors Influencing Behavioral Intentions to Use Digital Lending: An Extension of TAM Model
Authors: Yadav Milan , Shanmugam Subramanian
Published: February 2024

This study aims to examine the factors influencing the intention to use digital lending among users by extending the technology acceptance model (TAM) framework. Specifically, the study focuses on the perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use of the TAM model with the addition of perceived security and perceived risk as the key factors influencing the intention to use digital lending. The study uses a quantitative research design and collects data from a sample of mobile banking users who are willing to borrow through an online survey. The researcher analyzed the data with a structural equation model using Smart PLS 4.0 to test the hypotheses, including the relationships of all latent variables. The findings suggest that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived security influence are positively associated with the adoption of digital lending. In contrast, perceived risk was found to be an insignificant predictor in this area. The study also provides insights for bankers and policymakers to design effective strategies to boost the adoption of their services.