bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Interaction between Arachidonic Acid Metabolism and Homocysteine
Authors: Domi Elisa , Hoxha Malvina , Hoxha Bianka , Zappacosta Bruno
Published: September 2020

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) has been considered a risk factor for different diseases,
including cardiovascular disease (CVD), inflammation, neurological diseases, cancer, and many
other pathological conditions. Likewise, arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism is implicated in both
vascular homeostasis and inflammation, as shown by the development of CVD, following the imbalance
of its metabolites. This review summarizes how homocysteine (Hcy) can influence the
metabolism of AA. In silico literature searches were performed on PubMed and Scopus as main
sources. Several studies have shown that altered levels of Hcy, through AA release and
metabolism, can influence the synthesis and the activity of prostaglandins (PGs), prostacyclin
(PGI2), thromboxane (TXA), epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids
(HETEs). It is believed that by targeting Hcy in the AA pathways, novel compounds with better
pharmacological and pharmacodynamics benefits may be obtained and that this information is valuable
for a dietician to manipulate diets to improve health.
Benfotiamine Reduces Dendritic Cell Inflammatory Potency
Authors: Djedovic Neda , Božić Iva , Miljković Đorđe , Lavrnja Irena
Published: September 2020

Background:

Benfotiamine is a synthetic liposoluble derivative of vitamin B1 that has
been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties.

Objective:

To study the effects of benfotiamine on dendritic cells.

Methods:

Dendritic cells were obtained from murine bone marrow precursor cells in the presence
of GM-CSF. Benfotiamine was applied to the cell culture during the process of bone marrow cell
differentiation into dendritic cells. Dendritic cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
and expression of MHC class II molecules and CD86 was determined by flow cytometry, while levels
of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-1β in cell culture supernatants were measured
by ELISA. F-Actin, NF-κB and Nrf2 were visualized by immunofluorescent staining and microscopy.

Results:

Benfotiamine potently reduced LPS-induced expression of MHC class II molecules and
CD86, in addition to suppressing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF and IL-1β. It also
prevented LPS-imposed morphological changes of dendritic cells, i.e. enlargement and intensified
protrusions. The effects were paralleled with the reduction of NF-κB translocation to the nucleus,
but not of Nrf2 activation inhibition.

Conclusion:

Having in mind the importance of dendritic cells for the configuration of the immune
response, our results imply that benfotiamine has the ability to regulate the immune response
through inhibition of inflammatory properties of dendritic cells.
A Nanoparticles based Microbiological Study on the Effect of Rosemary and Ginger Essential Oils against Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Authors: Abozahra Rania , Abdelhamid Sarah M. , Wen Ming Ming , Abdelwahab Ibrahim , Baraka Kholoud
Published: September 2020

Background:

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a nosocomial pathogen in outbreaks of hospital infections. It is one of the major factors for morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients especially those infected with colistin-resistant pathogens. Many plant essential oils have antimicrobial activities and have been investigated as natural sources to combat multiple antibiotic resistances. Moreover, recent advances in phytonanotechnology have created exciting opportunities for the management of many infections.

Objective:

This study aims at investigating the antimicrobial and antibiofilm effect of rosemary and ginger essential oil-based nano-sized formulations on colistin resistant K. pneumonia clinical isolates.

Methods:

Isolation and identification of 30 K. pneumonia isolates from different human samples were done followed by antibiotic susceptibility testing and detection of biofilm gene (mrkD). Examination of the activity of the tested essential oils and their chitosan nanoparticle formulations against the selected isolates was made by determination of their MICs using broth microdilution method followed by biofilm inhibition test and quantitative real-time PCR for the expression of mrkD gene in the presence of the oils and nanoparticles formulations compared to untreated bacterial isolates.

Results:

Our results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration of rosemary and ginger oils was 1250 μg/ml, that of nanostructured lipid carrier-rosemary oil and nanostructured lipid carrier-ginger oil was 625 μg/ml and rosemary oil loaded chitosan nanoparticles and ginger oil loaded chitosan nanoparticles possessed minimum inhibitory concentration of 156 μg/ml. Results also revealed complete (100%) inhibition for mrkD gene expression when compared to untreated K. pneumonia.

Conclusion:

Oil loaded chitosan nanoparticles showed the highest antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity.
Eight Weeks of Interval Training Led to no Improvement in Cardiovascular Variables in the Elderly
Authors: Sant’Ana Leandro de Oliveira , Vianna Jeferson Macedo , dos Reis Natália Rodrigues , de Souza Ribeiro Aline Aparecida , de Oliveira Soares Bruno , da Silva Novaes Jefferson , Scartoni Fabiana Rodrigues , Machado Sérgio
Published: September 2020

Background:

Interval training is a method with high acceptance in prescription to increase health and can be an essential intervener in improving cardiovascular function.

Objective:

This study aimed to verify the effects of eight weeks of interval training with different intensities on hemodynamic and autonomic function, which were assessed through resting heart rate, blood pressure, dual product, and heart rate variability.

Methods:

The sample consisted of 24 older men (age: 68.8 ± 6.8 years, body mass: 74.4 ± 18.1 kg, height: 1.70 ± 0.8 m; BMI: 25.1 ± 2, 2) who were physically active. Participants were randomized into 3 experimental groups: training group A (TGA, n = 8), training group B (TGB, n = 8) and control group (CG, n = 8). For trained groups, interventions were developed twice a week for eight weeks, with an interval of 48 hours between the sessions. The evaluations were carried out at the pre (baseline) and after the eighth week of intervention. The control group did not perform any intervention. The variables were analyzed for 10 minutes with subjects at rest in the sitting position before and after the intervention. Statistics with a significance level of p <0.05 were applied.

Results:

After the intervention, no statistically significant results were found in the variables assessed (p> 0.05).

Conclusion:

The intervention was not sufficient to promote statistical differences in hemodynamic and autonomic variables.
The Effect of Counseling on Stress in Infertile Women Admitted to an Infertility Center in Hamadan City, Iran
Authors: Khodakarami Batul , Masoumi Seyedeh Zahra , Shayan Arezoo , Ahmadnia Hasan , Dastgerdian Fatemeh , Rabiei Sogra
Published: September 2020

Background:

Infertility can result in many problems for couples. In most cases, the stress and anxiety of treating infertility can reduce fertility and affect marital disputes. The provision of counseling and informing can reduce stress and improve couples’ relationships and positively influence infertility treatment in many cases. The present study, therefore, was conducted to evaluate the effect of counseling on the stress of infertile women admitted to an infertility center in Hamadan City, Iran.

Methods:

The present study was performed as a two-group randomized clinical trial with two pretest and posttest stages on 104 eligible women admitted to Fatemieh Hospital in Hamadan during 2017-18. Members of the intervention group received group counseling with a cognitive-behavioral approach to stress reduction in four 1-h sessions during the 4 weeks. Data were obtained using demographic characteristics and Harry’s Stress Assessment questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software, paired and independent t-test, and analysis of covariance at a significance level of < 0.05.

Results:

Mean stress scores were 181.82 ± 15.9 and 189.11 ± 2.1 in the pre-intervention stage, and 174.6 ± 29.6 and in the test group 78.10 ± 1.3 in the post-intervention phase in the test and control groups, respectively. High-stress levels were observed in both groups before the intervention. Independent t-test revealed that mean stress scores were significantly different in the two groups at both pre- and post-intervention stages (P < 0.05). The paired t-test indicated a significantly reduced stress score in the intervention group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Stress management counseling in infertile women can play a positive and effective role in stress mitigation and promotion of their mental health. Therefore, the effect of this counseling can be more reliably emphasized on improving the effectiveness of infertility treatment.
IoT Enabled Crop Prediction and Irrigation Automation System Using
Machine Learning
Authors: Kumar Raj , Singhal Vivek
Published: September 2020

Aim:

India, an agriculture country with more than 50% population depends on agriculture as the main source of
income. With increasing population and shrinking agricultural land and fragmentation may create severe challenges to
food safety in India. Therefore, there is an intense need for the application of technological innovations in the agriculture
sector to improve its growth.

Objectives:

The objective of the study is to design and develop an automated crop yield maximization system with an
irrigation automation process using the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine learning. The proposed study focuses on the
maximization of crop yield and profits of the farmer using crop prediction and automation of the irrigation process leading
to water conservation.

Methods:

The proposed system firstly rolls around making the irrigation system automated to ease the burden of getting
water for the plants when they need it. In automatic irrigation system, data sensed by temperature sensor and soil sensor in
real-time are sent to microcontroller board and based on the values received, it will instruct the relay to turn on/off the
water pump and thus automate the irrigation process. Secondly, it involves to predicting suitable crop types using soil
parameters and weather conditions that may be implanted by the farmers, using machine learning techniques, displayed on
an android based application.

Results:

The system proposed in this work recommends suitable crop as per the current weather and soil conditions in a
particular geographical area by applying XGBoost classifier with the automation of the irrigation process. The study also
does a comparative performance analysis of XGBoost classifier based on F1 Score and Accuracy.

Conclusion:

The study proposed a micro-controller-based model for crop maximization and irrigation automation. The
system mainly fulfills two major objectives of agriculture-maximization of crop yield and farmer's profit using crop
prediction and automation of irrigation process leads to water conservation.
Compatibility Study of Installation of an Operating System with Boot Modes and Partitioning Styles Configuration
Authors: Tuli Sandeep , Jain Nitin
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

This manuscript is explicating the mutual compatibility of boot modes in a
computer system and partitioning styles of Hard Disk Drive. Most of us are familiar with these terms
and know a little about these.

Methods:

This manuscript contains ample information about the boot modes of a computer system
and partitioning styles of Hard Disk Drive (HDD) and their related configuration through which we
get to know about their configuration and endurability. It also contains some practically verified case
studies of the problems which occur due to the wrong configuration of boot modes and partitioning
styles, though there are a lot more, the most common ones are discussed along with their solutions.

Result:

In order to achieve the compatibility, it might require to convert the primary HDD into either GPT or MBR
partitioning schemes. It should be marked that this interconversion wipes data on HDD, so cautiously the data on the hard
drive must be backed-up before any conversion process.

Discussion:

This is helpful when the system is equipped with the latest configuration, i.e., UEFI,
and if there is a need to install an older operating system that does not support UEFI boot mode (for
example, Windows XP), then CSM can help. In addition, some graphics cards (for example, GTX
680) do not support UEFI and hence, require CSM to boot. This means that the CSM can help as a
runner for all that hardware configuration (in an updated system with new configuration), which can
run only through legacy BIOS configuration.

Conclusion:

The information contained had been practically verified and is helpful in coping with the newer technology
trends which contains more features along with backward compatibility.
A Study of Cognitive Radio Sensing Techniques for Optimum Spectrum
Utilization
Authors: A. Darwin Nesakumar , T.M. Inbamalar
Published: September 2020

Background:

The spectrum scarcity plays a vital role in wireless communications. We are in the situation to
use it through an efficient methodology.

Objective:

To identify the holes in the spectrum through an efficient spectrum sensing and to allocate the bands to the
unlicensed users (Secondary Users- SU).

Methods:

It has been proposed to make a comparative study among the existing spectrum sensing methods based on the
following parameters such as Probability detection (Pd) measurement, Algorithm, Decision fusion method, Network
model.

Results:

Comparative study has been made to find the pros and cons of the existing techniques with their limitations and
the field of application. CSS (Cooperative Spectrum Sensing) technique significantly consumes less energy and reporting
time to FC (Fusion Centre) since it utilizes LLR (Log Likelihood Ratio) Method to find the Probability of detection using
Chair-varshney rule in local sensing with parallel report approach in the cluster based network.

Conclusion:

Through the study and the comparison of parameters in literature, it is found that CSS provide better
detection. Therefore, this technique can be considered as an efficient technique to find the holes and to share the
frequency with SU’s.
An Enhanced Approach for Number Plate Detection and Recognition
Authors: Ansari Mohd. A. , Kurchaniya Diksha , Patel Durga
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

The number of vehicles is increasing day by day in our life. The vehicle may violate traffic rules
and cause accidents. The automatic number plate detection system (ANPR) plays a significant role to identify these
vehicles. Number plate detection is very difficult sometimes because each country has its own format for representing the
number plate and font types and sizes may also vary for different vehicles. The number of ANPR systems is available
nowadays but still, it is a big problem to detect the number plate correctly in various scenarios like high-speed vehicle,
number plate language, etc.

Methods:

In the development of this method, we mainly used wiener filter for noise removal, morphological operations
for number plate localization, connected component algorithm for character segmentation, and template based matching
for character recognition.

Results:

Our proposed methodology is providing promising results in terms of detection accuracy.

Discussion:

The automatic number plate detection system (ANPR) has wide range of applications because the license
number is the crucial, commonly putative and essential identifier of motor vehicles. These applications include ticketless
parking fee management, parking access automation, car theft prevention, security guide assistance, Motorway Road
Tolling, Border Control, Journey Time Measurement, Law Enforcement and many more.

Conclusion:

In this paper, an enhanced approach of automatic number plate detection system is proposed using some
different techniques which not only detect the number plate of the vehicle but also recognize each character present in the
detected number plate image.
Plant Leaf Classification using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Yadav Jay K.P.S. , Nidhi
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

Convolutional Neural Network (CNNet) has proven the indispensable system in order to perform
the recognition and classification tasks in different computer vision applications. The purpose of this study is to exploit
the marvelous learning ability of CNNet in the image classification field.

Method:

In order to circumvent the overfitting issues and to enhance the generalization potential of the proposed
FLCNNet, augmentation has been performed on the Flavia dataset that impose translation and rotation techniques to
perform the augmentation with the transformed leaves having the same labels as the original ones. Both the classification
models executed using; one without augmentation and one with the augmentation data are compared to check the
effectiveness of the augmentation hence the aim of the proposed work. Moreover, Edge detection technique has been
applied to extract the shape of the leaf images, in order to classify them accordingly. Thereafter, the FLCNNet is trained
and tested for the dataset, with and without augmentation.

Results:

The results are gathered in terms of accuracy and training time for both datasets. The Augmented dataset (dataset
2) has been found effective and more feasible for classification without misguiding the network to learn (avoid
overfitting) as compared to the dataset without augmentation (dataset 1).

Conclusion:

This paper proposed the Five Layer Convolution Neural Network (FLCNNet) method to classify plant leaves
based on their shape. This approach can classify 8 types of leaves using automatic feature extraction, by utilizing their
shape characteristics. To avoid the overfitting condition and make the performance better. We aimed to perform the
classification of the augmented leaf dataset.

Discussion:

We proposed a five Layer CNNet (FLCNNet) to classify the leaf image data into different classes or labels
based on the shape characteristics of the leaves.
Performance Analysis of Hybrid Protocol Under Distributed Denial of
Service Attack in Remote Healthcare Systems
Authors: Gautam Ashu , Mahajan Rashima , Zafar Sherin
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

The future of healthcare systems relies on faster communication between sensors and smart
devices, which can assist in taking decisions for betterment of patients. The responsiveness of wireless health care system
in case of medical urgencies is crucial factor for survival of patient’s life. The routing protocol of infrastructure less based
are playing key role in sending the information in such medical related emergencies. Therefore, it is important to study and
identify the best routing protocol in wireless healthcare based system using Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANETS).

Methods:

MANET routing protocols such as Ad-hoc On Demand Vector (AODV), Secure AODV (SAODV) and Hybrid
Wireless Mesh Protocol (HWMP) through their routing environment are simulated through this research study. It is essential
to highlight the effect of various attacks affecting the routing methodology of these protocols. Since Distributed Denial of
Service (DDoS) attack is popularly talked about and is most vulnerable attack present in MANET environment, so this
research study analyses AODV, SAODV and HWMP under DDoS attacks through various simulation parameters.

Results:

In this research study, most suitable routing protocols to handle DDoS attacks are simulated and estimated in terms
of delay and packet delivery ratio in the scenario of changing nodes. This aids in providing implications to enhance existing
protocols and alleviate the consequences of DDoS investigation by such attacks.

Discussion:

For ensuring the optimized routing, privacy and security of patient’s data during transmission in healthcare
sector, MANET could be used as one of the important technology combined with IoT. For dealing with end to end data
transmission of patient's sensitive data, MANET protocol plays a vital role in sending the information securely.

Conclusion:

The performance of AODV, SAODV and HWMP (Hybrid Wireless Mesh Protocol) are compared and
tabularized which are the most popularly utilized protocols in healthcare environment. The simulation results shows that
the HWMP out performed than AODV and SAODV routing protocol, in terms of evaluation metrics namely end-to-end
delay and Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and could be considered as much less vulnerable against DDoS attacks prevailing
in wireless healthcare sector using MANET.
Prediction of Cardiovascular Risk Using Extreme Learning Machine-Tree
Classifier on Apache Spark Cluster
Authors: S. Venkatramaphanikumar , A Jaya Lakshmi , Kolli Venkata K. K.
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

In the recent scenario, machine learning is considered a prevailing area in the diverse fields of science and
technology include image processing, automobiles, banking, finance, etc. The availability of data and adverse
improvements over machine learning techniques have become more feasible to understand and to work on various
channels of real-time health analytics.

Method:

In this paper, a health status prediction system is proposed to detect cardiovascular diseases through patients’
tweets. Further, analytics will be carried on a distributed Apache Spark framework to reduce the time taken for both
training and testing when compared with regular standalone machines.

Results:

Performance of the proposed framework with Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) - Tree classifier is evaluated on
two different corpora, and which outperforms other classifiers such as Decision Trees, Naïve Bayes, and Linear SVC,
DNN, etc. in both accuracy and time.

Discussion:

Social media streaming data is considered as one of the major sources for data in the proposed system. Based
on the model, the attributes of the incoming user tweets are analyzed, and accordingly cardiovascular risk is predicted.
Further, current health status is tweeted back as a reply to the respective user along with a copy to the family and
caretakers.

Conclusion:

This proposed work provides the development of the alert-based system for heart status prediction by adding
some additional features impacting the accuracy besides reducing the response time by using Big data Apache Spark
Distributed Framework.
Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Techniques Using Predictive
Modeling
Authors: Goyal Hemlata , Khandelwal Ritu , Shekhawat Rajveer Singh
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

Machine learning is an intelligent technology that works as a bridge between businesses and data science.
With the involvement of data science, the business goal focuses on findings to get valuable insights on available data. The
large part of Indian Cinema is Bollywood which is a multi-million dollar industry. This paper attempts to predict whether
the upcoming Bollywood Movie would be Blockbuster, Superhit, Hit, Average or Flop. For this Machine Learning
techniques (classification and prediction) will be applied. To make classifier or prediction model first step is the learning
stage in which we need to give the training data set to train the model by applying some technique or algorithm and after
that different rules are generated which helps to make a model and predict future trends in different types of organizations.

Methods:

All the techniques related to classification and Prediction such as Support Vector Machine(SVM), Random
Forest, Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes, Logistic Regression, Adaboost, and KNN will be applied and try to find out efficient
and effective results. All these functionalities can be applied with GUI Based workflows available with various categories
such as data, Visualize, Model, and Evaluate.

Result:

To make classifier or prediction model first step is learning stage in which we need to give the training data set to
train the model by applying some technique or algorithm and after that different rules are generated which helps to make a
model and predict future trends in different types of organizations

Conclusion:

This paper focuses on Comparative Analysis that would be performed based on different parameters such as
Accuracy, Confusion Matrix to identify the best possible model for predicting the movie Success. By using Advertisement
Propaganda, they can plan for the best time to release the movie according to the predicted success rate to gain higher
benefits.

Discussion:

Data Mining is the process of discovering different patterns from large data sets and from that various
relationships are also discovered to solve various problems that come in business and helps to predict the forthcoming
trends. This Prediction can help Production Houses for Advertisement Propaganda and also they can plan their costs and
by assuring these factors they can make the movie more profitable.
Effect of Human Errors on an Inventory Model Under Two Warehouse Environments
Authors: Panwar Aastha , Mittal Mandeep , Pareek Sarla
Published: September 2020

Background:

The surety of production of all the goods in the standard inventory model
to be of good quality comes out to be an impractical assumption. Though, the observation in
the practical environment shows the possibility of occurrence of errors in the controlled batch.
The collection of these items is generally done at the time of the process of selection and selling
is done in a single batch when the process of selection ends. Consideration of human errors of
Type I and Type II , in this model, is done when the inspector shows tiredness and ignorance at
the time of the process of inspection.

Objective:

The objective of this article is to carry out the evaluation of the storage value and inventory
decision, which results in higher profit. In this paper, the effect of human errors has been
considered under the two-warehouse environments.

Methods:

It is also assumed that the cost of a stock rent warehouse is greater than own warehouse
because of the better preservation facilities in RW. The validation of results has been done
by utilizing numerical based examples. The sensitivity analysis has also been presented.

Result & Conclusion:

As per the results, it is clear that as the percentage of error increases, the
expected total profit decreases with respect to time.
Withdrawal Notice: Design and Analysis of Optimization and Tuning in Data Warehouses Using Bitmap Indexes
Authors: Dadheech Pankaj , Goyal Dinesh , Kumar Ankit , Gupta Amit Kumar
Published: September 2020

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the author of the journal Recent Advances in Computer Science and
Communications due to incoherent content.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php

Bentham Science Disclaimer:

It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously
submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published elsewhere
must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting
the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the
authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright
of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions are Measures to Control Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) Transmission in India
Authors: Vijayaraghavan Ponnuswamy , Sriramkumar Srikrishnan Rajendran
Published: September 2020

The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a pathogenic and transmittable viral disease
caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and this disease emerged in
December 2019 in Wuhan, China. It was later spread across the world, including the United States,
Great Britain, Brazil, Russia, Germany, Spain, Italy, Iran, Pakistan, India and other countries. The whole
genome of SARS-CoV-2 shared some similarity with the SARS virus, hence bat was a suspected source
of the spread of this virus in China. However, human to human transfer was reported. In India, more
than 300 COVID-19 cases were reported on March 21, 2020, and these numbers were increased as
892551 on July 13, 2020. These numbers of COVID-19 cases were detected from a total of 11806256
samples according to the report given by the Government of India. On July 13, Maharashtra state of India
recorded a total of 254427 cases and 10289 deaths were registered. Tamilnadu was another state that
screened more number of COVID-19 cases, followed by Maharashtra. On July 6, 114978 COVID-19
cases were reported in Tamilnadu and 1571 deaths were recorded. In Tamilnadu alone, over 3000
COVID-19 cases were reported daily from July first week to the second week and total cases were
142798 on July 13, 2020. Among these cases, 78573 COVID-19 cases were detected in Chennai city
alone accounted for about 62% of total COVID-19 cases. It was earlier believed that patients over aged
60 and less than 10 were highly vulnerable to this disease. However, this disease affected all age groups.
To prevent COVID-19, no approved antiviral vaccine or drug has yet been discovered. COVID-19 is
transmitted through droplets during coughing and sneezing by symptomatic and asymptomatic carriers.
Non-pharmaceutical interventions such as washing hands and social distancing are effective measures to
control COVID-19 transmission in India. The present study was designed to analyze the control measures
of COVID-19 infection and ground reality to control the COVID-19 outbreak.
A Comparative Study of SARS, MERS with COVID-19
Authors: Mohan Chandra , Kumar Vinod
Published: September 2020

Background:

B814, now’s called Coronavirus first identified by Tyrrell and Bynoe in 1965
from the respiratory tract (embryonic tracheal) of an adult and later on during working on National Institutes
of Health Robert Chanock used the term “OC” for same virus strain. After several years researchers
reported that coronaviruses were caused disease in rats, mice, chickens, turkeys, calves, dogs, cats,
rabbits etc. after effecting the enormous variety of animal, in year 2002-2003 it caused new respiratory
disease named severe acute respiratory syndrome, (SARS) in southern China.

Objective:

The main objective of this article is to compare the status of various previous pandemics (i.e.,
SARS, MERS) with the current COVID-19 pandemic in terms of the life cycle, diagnosis process and
prevention.

Results:

On 31st December 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) office in China received information
regarding pneumonia cases of unknown etiology from the Wuhan district in central China.
Subsequently, this new disease spread to China, and from there, to the rest of the world. By the end of
March 2020, more than 2 million cases were confirmed of this new disease, with over 70000 deaths
worldwide. After some time, researchers have identified that this new disease is caused by a novel beta-
Coronavirus (virus SARS-CoV-2) and the new disease was named COVID-19. Since then, the Ministry
of Health of various countries and WHO have been fighting this health emergency, which has not only
affected public health, but also affected various economic sectors.

Conclusion:

The current outbreak SARS-CoV-2 phylogenetically resembled to Bat SARS, which was
previously identified in year 2002 and 2012 having low mortality rate than MERS and SARS. However,
SARS-CoV-2 and MERS having high virological similarity but both use different receptors to take entry
in to the host cell via ACE-2 and DPP-4 respectively. Unfortunately, currently there is no approved
treatment available worldwide. Currently, we can hope that together we will recover from this public
health emergency very soon.
Impacts and Consequences of COVID-19 Epidemic on Global Economy
Authors: Nayak Pallavi , Mishra Vijay , Singh Manvendra , Tambuwala Murtaza M.
Published: September 2020

Background:

Since Coronavirus (COVID-19) is increasing its influence from China and
spreading its reservoir to neighboring areas and other nations, expanded national and foreign efforts are
being made to control this epidemic.

Methods:

This review incorporated the information depicting the effect of COVID-19 on different
industrial sectors.

Results:

According to the World Health Organization, the outbreak was first identified in the Chinese
city of Wuhan in December 2019 and has affected more than 17660523 people (confirmed cases)
worldwide, and more than 680894 people have died. In addition to its alarming impact on human health,
the novel strain of COVID-19 has dramatically slowed down not just the Chinese economy but also the
world economy. The increased uncertainty has led to financial market volatility.

Conclusion:

Some firm decisions and policies must be framed out to stabilize the world economy so
that threatening socio-economic impact cannot be sustained for a longer period of time for the welfare of
humankind.
A Brief Outlook on Possible Available Solutions, Therapies and Suggestions for COVID-19
Authors: Pal Rashmi Saxena , Pal Yogendra , Wal Pranay , Wal Ankita , Saraswat Nikita
Published: September 2020

Background:

The WHO has declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic. New cases are being added every day, as the case count in the United States is increasing to the maximum. No drugs or biologics are yet found to be effective for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19.

Objective:

To discuss the possibilities of available treatments.

Materials & Methods:

Brief out-look is undertaken over the past issues available over the similar situations occurred with respect to the current scenario and prospectives.

Results:

There can be various possibilities in the form of convalescent plasma therapy. The known drugs such as HIV drugs, anti-malarial medicines, and antiviral compounds can serve as a suggestive option.

Conclusion:

Until a validated medicine or vaccine is sorted out for Covid-19, we need to take natural immune-boosters, along with precautionary steps, social distancing, and other preventions as instructed for the benefit of everyone with an optimistic mind and attitude.
COVID-19 Pandemic: Age and Temperature Related Effects
Authors: Kaur Gursharan , Singh Amandeep , Narang Raj Kumar , Singh Gurmeet
Published: September 2020

Background:

Coronavirus belongs to the phylum Incertaesedis, Nidovirales order, Orthocononaviridae
subfamily. and spring up from the family of viruses that can cause the common cold,
fever, shortness of breath, aches, chills, loss of smell, etc.

Objective:

As we all know; coronavirus has affected the whole world, and many patients died due to it.
As the prevalence of this disease has risen, many myths have also originated like the effect of temperature
on the virus; is this virus surely killed by the effect of temperature? Is the effect of this virus is more
on the old age patients? In the presented compilation, we have tried to exposé the actual reality behind
these myths and also tried to find the morphological alteration of coronavirus from the other viruses.

Methods:

The recent updates on this virus have been obtained from search engines like Pub med and
Google scholar, by using COVID-19, coronavirus, Pandemic corona keywords.

Results:

After a huge search on the temperature effect on this disease, it was evident that there is no effect
of temperature on the coronavirus. Due to the immunity factor, it showed its worst effect on old age
people in many countries.

Conclusion:

The structure, symptoms and incubation period of coronavirus have been described in this
review article. We have summarized how the coronavirus is different from others, and the effects of
temperature and old age have also been discussed.
Caracterización fenotípica y genotípica de cultivares de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) de Dibulla, La Guajira, Colombia
Authors: Ramos Ospino Angélica , Gómez Alvaréz Margarita , Machado-Sierra Elwi , Aranguren Yani
Published: September 2020

En la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta los cultivos de cacao están conformados mayoritariamente por cultivares híbridos comerciales y, aunque se encuentran cacaos nativos, estos son poco cultivados. Dada la necesidad de verificar si estos cultivares de cacao encontrados en la Sierra pertenecen al grupo genético tipo Criollo, se realizó una caracterización fenotípica y genotípica de cacaos del municipio Dibulla, La Guajira. Para esto, se muestrearon 11 cultivares en Mingueo. Los rasgos fenotípicos se evaluaron empleando descriptores UPOV para cacao. Los parámetros cualitativos y cuantitativos se cotejaron por análisis de conglomerado y análisis de componentes principales (ACP), y las variables cuantitativas se compararon a través de la prueba no paramétrica test de Mann-Whitney. Para evaluar las relaciones genéticas, se estandarizaron protocolos de biología molecular y se secuenció la región ITS. A partir de las secuencias, se realizaron agrupamientos por métodos de distancia y filogenéticos. Finalmente, se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las semillas (p = 0,01), y resalta la coloración blanca del cotiledón de los criollos en contraste con la coloración púrpura oscura de los híbridos. Asimismo, los análisis de conglomerados, ACP y los análisis de secuencias demostraron diferencias entre el grupo de los cacaos nativos y los híbridos comerciales cultivados; además, los cacaos nativos se emparentan con el grupo de cacao tipo Criollo.
Integration of Online Treatment Into the “New Normal” in Mental Health Care in Post–COVID-19 Times: Exploratory Qualitative Study
Authors: Bierbooms Joyce J P A , van Haaren Monique , IJsselsteijn Wijnand A , de Kort Yvonne A W , Feijt Milou , Bongers Inge M B
Published: September 2020

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated an immediate and large-scale uptake of online treatment for mental health care. However, there is uncertainty about what the “new normal” in mental health care will be like in post–COVID-19 times. To what extent will the experiences gained during the pandemic influence a sustainable adoption and implementation of online mental health care treatment in the future?

Objective

In this paper, we aim to formulate expectations with regard to the sustainability of online mental health care after COVID-19.

Methods

In an interview study, 11 mental health care professionals were asked about their experiences and expectations for the future. Participants were recruited from a mental health care organization in the Netherlands. The interviews took place between April 7-30, 2020, at the peak of the COVID-19 crisis in the Netherlands. The data were analyzed using a thematic coding method.

Results

From the interviews, we learn that the new normal in mental health care will most likely consist of more blended treatments. Due to skill enhancement and (unexpected) positive experiences with online treatment, an increase in adoption is likely to take place. However, not all experiences promise a successful and sustainable upscaling of online treatment in the future. Mental health care professionals are learning that not all clients are able to benefit from this type of treatment.

Conclusions

Sustainable upscaling of online mental health care requires customized solutions, investments in technology, and flexibility of mental health care providers. Online treatment could work for those who are open to it, but many factors influence whether it will work in specific situations. There is work to be done before online treatment is inherently part of mental health care.
The Effect on Learning Objectives and Outcomes of Students’ Inability to Develop Language Competencies for Appropriate Communication at the Undergraduate Level
Authors: Adjoe Casimir , Kimani Rosemary
Published: September 2020

The ability to communicate is a skill needed for beneficial learning outcomes. It is likewise needed for functioning in our connected world and spaces. However, undergraduate writing still gives the impression of poor English writing skills and inadequate communication. The paper takes a linguistic ethnography approach to examine the effects of poor English writing skills on the learning objectives and communication of undergraduate students. Using a random sampling of 37 examination scripts of Communication Studies students and their analysis through a revised version of Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives, the study suggests that poor English writing skills and the inability to communicate are likely among the effects of the inability of undergraduate students to acquire competence at the comprehension, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation tasks needed to enable them compose knowledge and meaningful messages as well as to communicate them. The study, therefore, suggests the need for investigating practical steps that can be taken to assist students with poor English writing competencies and skills to access knowledge and be able to produce knowledge in their learning situations, and further still, be able to communicate their knowledge as competently as possible without an overemphasis on grammatical correctness as the goal.
The Unspoken Shaken Baby Lie Detector Algorithm—An Analysis of Diagnostic Procedures in Cases of Allegedly Abusive Head Trauma without External Signs of Trauma
Authors: Lynøe Niels , Eriksson Anders
Published: September 2020

Various algorithms have been developed for diagnosis of Abusive Head Trauma (AHT); however, there is no explicit algorithm for the 1/3 of alleged AHT cases which present with findings restricted to subdural and retinal hemorrhages, with or without encephalopathy—i.e., isolated triad cases. Moreover, such cases have been lumped together with AHT cases with external sign of trauma and all diagnosed as AHT despite those we are focusing on lack signs of trauma. It is therefore relevant to analyze how this diagnosis can be reached in the absence of unequivocal trauma. Our analysis indicates that with respect to isolated triad cases, a two-step algorithm seems to be in use—but unspoken. The first step concerns a ruling out diagnostic process and the second step addresses the veracity of the caregivers’ narrative. Both steps are based on the traditional AHT mechanism theories and ten tacitly applied auxiliary hypotheses which are, however, questionable or incorrect. If the traditional AHT mechanism theories and necessary auxiliary hypotheses are not valid, then neither is the two-step algorithm. Accordingly, we propose that in alleged AHT cases with no external signs of trauma, the two-step algorithm—here referred to as the unspoken shaken baby lie detector algorithm—should be abandoned.
Diario de pandemia
Authors: Priani Ernesto
Published: September 2020

El video muestra la situación que el doctor Ernesto Priani enfrentó al dar su clase de filosofía en la modalidad que se ha llamado educación remota de emergencia. Relata los esfuerzos y preocupaciones que tuvo en el semestre y comparte una herramienta que le fue útil para reflexionar y encontrar soluciones para atender mejor a sus estudiantes: el diario de pandemia. Video disponible: https://youtu.be/WisOwrolFCg
La experiencia de la Escuela Nacional Preparatoria frente a la pandemia de COVID-19: retos, desafíos y perspectivas para la educación en el bachillerato
Authors: Valle Martínez María Dolores , Basilio Rivera Rafael
Published: September 2020

La pandemia COVID-19 representa una oportunidad de integrar las tecnologías para la educación y los recursos digitales en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje no solo como herramientas complementarias. La pandemia develó problemáticas de acceso, conocimientos, habilidades y manejo de tecnologías digitales. La nueva normalidad constituye una oportunidad de aprovecharlas en el marco de la innovación educativa.
Pensamiento matemático en el bachillerato. Entrevista al Dr. Keith Devlin
Authors: Vadillo Guadalupe
Published: September 2020

En esta entrevista, el Dr. Keith Devlin, quien ha formado a miles de estudiantes en la Universidad de Stanford y a través de Coursera, plantea la importancia del desarrollo del pensamiento matemático en los estudiantes. Señala que, debido a la existencia actual de tecnología capaz de realizar los cálculos que antes ellos tenían que dominar, es posible que el docente se concentre en que el estudiante cuente con este tipo de pensamiento. Una herramienta para desarrollarlo es el videojuego que tiene dicho propósito y que involucra al estudiante en el reto de una situación compleja. Aborda también la necesidad de hacer una planeación cuidadosa de los cursos en línea, que durante la pandemia COVID-19 se han tenido que generar, para prever, igual que en los videojuegos, situaciones y necesidades que pudiera enfrentar el aprendiz.A continuación, presentamos la transcripción de la entrevista y en esta liga se encuentra el video: https://youtu.be/sm999wdcdy8
Las instituciones de la RED ante la pandemia
Authors: Carreto Arellano Chadwick , Torres Chávez Verónica Fabiola , Bonilla Gómez Felicidad del Socorro , López Martínez Ángel , Cavazos Salazar Rosario Lucero , García Trigos Rafael Oliver , Pastor Angulo Martín , Torres Domínguez Araceli , Rivera Martínez Lucila , Hernández Pérez Rommy Florencia , Díaz Barahona María Edith , Torres Gutiérrez Alberto , Bucio García Jackeline , Barrientos Reyes Ana Gabriela , Ramírez Torres Fátima
Published: September 2020

Las nueve instituciones de la Red de Bachilleratos Universitarios Públicos a distancia presentan las acciones que desde sus áreas de educación a distancia se diseñaron e implementaron en los primeros meses de la pandemia COVID-19 para apoyar a los respectivos programas académicos de modalidad presencial. Se detallan acciones, programas y estrategias, así como resultados hasta julio de 2020.
Bachillerato General a Distancia por Competencias UDEMEX
Authors: Cervantes Bello Gabriel
Published: September 2020

El Bachillerato general a distancia por competencias forma parte de los programas ofrecidos por la Universidad Digital del Estado de México. Se basa en el desarrollo de competencias que el estudiante adquiere y refuerza durante sus estudios de bachillerato. El gobierno del Estado de México  ofrece, de esta manera, una opción educativa en línea que permita llegar a un mayor número de estudiantes potenciales, así como un programa de becas como apoyo a la población.
Estrategias de educación a distancia implementadas en el nivel medio superior en Guanajuato durante la pandemia de COVID-19 Entrevista a la doctora Yoloxóchitl Bustamante Diez, secretaria de Educación de Guanajuato
Authors: Valenzuela Ríos Guadalupe , Villarreal Segoviano Francisco Javier , Ramírez Juárez Oliverio
Published: September 2020

La Revista Mexicana de Bachillerato a Distancia, preocupada y ocupada de todo lo que acontece en el nivel medio superior a distancia en México, platicó con la Dra. Yoloxóchitl Bustamante Diez, Secretaria de Educación de Guanajuato sobre cómo la educación a distancia ha ayudado a la educación presencial en esta contingencia sanitaria que ha afectado a todo el país.Nos comenta que se partió de la capacitación a docentes y directivos, en los subsistemas se diseñaron actividades que permitieran el aprendizaje de los estudiantes de una forma autónoma con la guía del cuerpo docente de cada institución de EMS, utilizando recursos digitales y plataformas para este fin.Durante la entrevista, la doctora Bustamante invita a reflexionar dos aspectos, el primero es el impacto que ha tenido la pandemia en los estudiantes, ellos han perdido espacios de convivencia y la relación con pares y docentes que forman parte de su formación académica y personal; segundo, la necesidad de girar el aprendizaje a la luz de las tecnologías, así como la búsqueda de formas de trabajo inclusivas y equitativas para todos. Video disponible en: https://youtu.be/FCisys75L-s