bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compositional Associations of Sleep and Activities within the 24-h Cycle with Cardiometabolic Health Markers in Adults
Authors: FARRAHI VAHID , KANGAS MAARIT , WALMSLEY ROSEMARY , NIEMELÄ MAISA , KIVINIEMI ANTTI , PUUKKA KATRI , COLLINGS PAUL J. , KORPELAINEN RAIJA , JÄMSÄ TIMO
Published: August 2020

Purpose

This study aimed to examine how compositions of 24-h time use and time reallocations between movement behaviors are associated with cardiometabolic health in a population-based sample of middle-age Finnish adults.

Methods

Participants were 3443 adults 46 yr of age from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 study. Participants wore a hip-worn accelerometer for 14 d from which time spent in sedentary behavior (SB), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) were determined. These data were combined with self-reported sleep to obtain the 24-h time-use composition. Cardiometabolic outcomes included adiposity markers, blood lipid levels, and markers of glucose control and insulin sensitivity. Multivariable-adjusted regression analysis, using a compositional data analysis approach based on isometric log-ratio transformation, was used to examine associations between movement behaviors with cardiometabolic outcomes.

Results

More daily time in MVPA and LPA, relative to other movement behaviors, was consistently favorably associated with all cardiometabolic outcomes. For example, relative to time spent in other behaviors, 30 min·d−1 more MVPA and LPA were both associated with lower 2-h post–glucose load insulin level (−11.8% and −2.7%, respectively). Relative to other movement behaviors, more daily time in SB was adversely associated with adiposity measures, lipid levels, and markers of insulin sensitivity, and more daily time asleep was adversely associated with adiposity measures, blood lipid, fasting plasma glucose, and 2-h insulin. For example, 60 min·d−1 more SB and sleep relative to the remaining behaviors were both associated with higher 2-h insulin (3.5% and 5.7%, respectively).

Conclusions

Altering daily movement behavior compositions to incorporate more MVPA at the expense of any other movement behavior, or more LPA at the expense of SB or sleep, could help to improve cardiometabolic health in midadulthood.
Time Course of Recovery after Cycling Repeated Sprints
Authors: MILIONI FABIO , AZEVEDO RAFAEL A. , ZAGATTO ALESSANDRO M. , MILLET GUILLAUME Y.
Published: August 2020

Purpose

The present study investigated the recovery of performance and neuromuscular fatigue after cycling repeated sprints.

Methods

Ten participants performed two sessions of repeated sprints (one session: 10 × 10-s sprints, 30-s recovery) separated by 24 h (R24-S1 and R24-S2) and two sessions separated by 48 h (R48-S1 and R48-S2). The recovery condition (i.e., 24 or 48 h) was randomized and separated by 1 wk. All sessions were performed on a recumbent bike, allowing minimal delay between sprints termination and neuromuscular measurements. Neuromuscular function of knee extensors (neuromuscular assessment [NMA]) was assessed before sessions (presession), after the fifth sprint (midsession), and immediately after (postsession). Before sessions, baseline NMA was also carried out on an isometric chair. The NMA (bike and chair) was composed of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of knee extension and peripheral neuromuscular stimulation during the MVC and on relaxed muscle.

Results

The sprints performance was not significantly different between sessions and did not presented significant interaction between recovery conditions. MVC was significantly lower at R24-S2 compared with R24-S1 (−6.5% ± 8.8%, P = 0.038) and R48-S2 (−5.6% ± 8.2%, P = 0.048), whereas resting potentiated high-frequency doublet (Db100) was lower at R24-S2 compared with R24-S1 (−10.4 ± 8.3, P = 0.01) (NMA on chair). There were significant reductions in MVC (>30%, P < 0.001) and Db100 (>38%, P < 0.001) from pre- to postsession in all sessions, without significant interactions between recovery conditions (NMA on bike).

Conclusion

Cycling repeated sprints induce significant fatigue, particularly at the peripheral level, which is fully restored after 48 h, but not 24 h, of recovery. One versus two days of recovery does not affect neuromuscular fatigue appearance during cycling repeated-sprint sessions.
‘It’s more than confusing our b’s and d’s’: a commentary on the lack of understanding of the needs of social work students who have dyslexia
Authors: Hewson Michael , Gant Valerie
Published: August 2020

Drawing on principles of auto-ethnography, this commentary offers for discussion reflections on a personal reaction to some of the struggles experienced when navigating the English social work placement landscape for a student who has a diagnosis (or label) of dyslexia/dyspraxia. Commenting on some of the challenges faced in order to try and survive the placement experience necessary to complete the programme, this account makes recommendations and suggestions for educators in university and in practice.
Impulse measurement of laser induced ablation in a vacuum
Authors: Tsuno Katsuhiko , Wada Satoshi , Ogawa Takayo , Ebisuzaki Toshikazu , Fukushima Tadanori , Hirata Daisuke , Yamada Jun , Itaya Yuki
Published: August 2020

An impulse measurement system based on a simple pendulum is newly developed. The system has a resolution of 10−7 Ns for ablation events induced by a single laser at a pulse rate of 2 Hz or less. For ablation events at 10 Hz and above, the system can record the impulse as an average force. The impulse generated by a Nd:YAG pulse laser irradiating a 7075 aluminum alloy is investigated in vacuum. The impulse arises at 3 J/cm2 and the momentum coupling factor, C
m
, plateaus at approximately 20 μNs/J over a range of 5 to 50 J/cm2 without producing a plasma shielding effect. C
m
is characterized by only fluence independent of pulse width in the range of 10 to 20 ns. This result indicates that it should be feasible to deorbit a 150 kg abandoned satellite at an altitude of 1200 km using a chaser satellite equipped with a 100 W laser.
Aristotle and Husserl go dancing: Solo improvised dance-making and the noetic cycle
Authors: Wass Andrew
Published: August 2020

This article asserts that the practice of dance improvisation is the embodiment of the noetic cycle, the cyclical relationship of two theories of noesis, Aristotle’s and Husserl’s. Aristotle describes noesis as the thinking and planning of work to be done. Husserl’s noesis describes the reception of sensuous information and the translation of that information into actionable data. Using videos of my solo release-based improvised dancing in the studio, I discuss how each theory of noesis is present in practice. These theories of noesis, when seen as complementary to one another, reveal improvised dance making as arising from the interrelationship of awareness and action. The noetic cycle provides dance makers with more theoretical lenses for researching dance and shows that dance is a testing ground and the means for philosophical inquiry.
edged: Exploring the porous boundaries between teaching philosophy, dance performance and choreographic practice
Authors: Laberge-Côté Louis
Published: August 2020

Over the past four years I have developed The Porous Body, a teaching philosophy that promotes the practice of heightened physical and mental malleability in dance training by following four fundamental guiding principles: flow, playfulness, metaphor and paradox. As my process deepened, I wondered: what would happen if I applied The Porous Body to my choreographic practice? How might this framework prove fruitful during a creative process? What kind of choreographic work would emerge from this experiment? This article is an artist’s reflection on an artistic experiment; it describes the first choreographic process to which I applied The Porous Body’s guiding principles, and which led to the creation and performance of edged, a solo work exploring the porous edges between inner/outer, planned/unplanned, control/surrender, pleasure/struggle and terror/courage.
Subtle, intimate performance in urban space: Ongoing research and notes from Close Distance
Authors: Urso Jen , Standley Eileen
Published: August 2020

This article reflects on an evolving research project entitled Close Distance that takes shape at the intersection of dance and drawing. Close Distance is a durational performance that uses movement and the technique of blind gesture drawings (images created without looking down at the drawing) in public spaces to identify the subtlety, dignity, respect and sensitivity of human beings. With this article, we wish to share our process, lines of inquiry and some of the discoveries resulting from our evolving research practice together. Our continuous exploration through the body and drawing in choreographic relation to public sites, everyday activities and human connection in unconventional spaces introduces the marriage of artistic process between a choreographer/dancer and a visual artist/drawer who think very similarly but use different tools. Our work illuminates the richness of unexpected collaborations performing across media and disciplines in social spaces, as well as a non-invasive approach to social engagement.
Nomadic Making: Enacting difference through collaborative performance practice
Authors: Brown Natalie Garrett
Published: August 2020

This article considers how scored, collaborative performance practice enacts Braidotti’s Nomadic subject and disrupts advanced capitalism’s suture of object and subject formation (Lepecki), thereby offering a means for posthumans to ‘become imperceptible’ (Braidotti after Deleuze). Collaborative performance practice, I argue offers a lived experience of the non-unitary subject and political potential of pure difference. I suggest also that ‘spectator studies’ (Melrose) reconsiders its focus on object over process by arguing that choreographic knowledge resides not in the event or the performance score but the processes of assemblage and in-between relations of people and practices (Manning).
Building Fields of Play: An examination of the use of notational analysis to reinterpret dynamic and sequential movement from Rugby Union to inform the creation of a new dance work
Authors: McLay Grant , McGowan Lee , Moyle Gene , Frossard Laurent
Published: August 2020

This article offers an examination of a research process that used elements taken from an elite sporting competition, in this case an international Rugby Union match, to develop choreographic thinking tools to create a new contemporary dance work. One goal of this practice-led research was to create a vehicle for penetrating the physicality and unpacking the bodily configurations created in a rugby match. Data derived from a frame-by-frame analysis of a recorded match allowed for the identification and deconstruction of sequential movement to be converted into set representational, abstract choreographic tools named movement signatures and blocks. Through this research, the main physical traits identified were entanglement, directional changeability and interlocking struggle. Subsequently, these choreographic stimuli were used in the formation of movement scores and an abstract movement vocabulary to inform the creation and performance of a non-traditional research output, Fields of Play (2015). Furthermore, this practice-led study utilized elements of Laban Movement Analysis and sports movement analysis to develop an experimental approach to movement annotation and the development of a choreographic process. Through witnessing this hybrid movement vocabulary evolve, the research revealed qualities of de-centred logic, interruption of flow and the potential for a game dramaturgy to emerge.
Methanol leaf extract of Momordica charantia protects alloxan-induced hepatopathy through modulation of caspase-9 and interleukin-1β signaling pathways in rats
Authors: Ofuegbe Sunday Oluwaseun , Oyagbemi Ademola Adetokunbo , Omobowale Temidayo Olutayo , Adedapo Aduragbenro Deborah , Ayodele Abiodun Emmanuel , Yakubu Momoh Audu , Oguntibeju Oluwafemi O. , Adedapo Adeolu Alex
Published: August 2020

Background and Aim: Momordica charantia is a highly valued plant, widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions. The plant is reported to have a wide range of medicinal uses. This study was designed to explore the ameliorative potential of M. charantia methanol leaf extract in alloxan-induced diabetic animal model with a particular focus on the liver. Materials and Methods: Hepatoprotective effect of methanol leaf extract of M. charantia was assessed in alloxan-induced toxicity in 50 rats divided into five groups (A-E) (n=10). Group A normal control, Group B was toxicant group, and Group C animals received glibenclamide treatment while Groups D and E received extracts at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses, respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days. Histopathological changes, blood glucose level, and serum enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase, oxidative status and caspase-9, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were evaluated. Results: Extract-treatment caused a decreased blood glucose level, markers of oxidative stress such as malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Treatment of rats with leaf extract of M. charantia resulted in increased levels and activities of protein thiols, non-protein thiols, glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase indicating its antioxidant potential. The liver section revealed mild distortion of the hepatic architecture compared to the toxicant group, while decreased expressions of caspase-9 and IL-1β in extract-treated groups was observed. Conclusion: The plant extract exhibited antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects, thus showing its hepatoprotective property.
REFERENCE ERROR IN BOOK MANUSCRIPT FROM LIPI: HOW GOOD OUR SCIENTISTS ARE IN COMPOSING REFERENCES
Authors: Helmiawan Martinus
Published: August 2020

Reference lists from 13 book manuscripts that were submitted to LIPI Press in 2018 written by the writers from LIPI were examined. In total, there were 879 reference list entries, and the accuracy of each citation was examined. The examination was conducted by firstly determining the type of error and reference style used for cross-checking. Afterwards, each entry was thoroughly checked for errors. Found errors were grouped into each type of error. The result, only 100 entries were error-free, and from the 779 entries that contain errors, 3,651 errors were found. The errors were categorized into 1,576 punctuation errors; 396 capitalization errors; 338 italicization errors, 206 spelling and word choice errors; 126 syntax errors; 642 spacing errors; 46 extraneous information errors; and 321 missing data errors. From that result, error rate of 4.15 was achieved. This paper concluded that the overall huge error rate found shows the negligence of the writers in composing references.
Compensated Cirrhosis and 20 mm Hg: A Point of No Return?
Authors: Reverter Enric , Ott Peter
Published: August 2020

This editorial comments on the findings from the study by Jindal et al. recently published in The American Journal of Gastroenterology. Weaknesses and strengths of the study are presented, and potential therapeutic strategies for compensated cirrhotic patients with an HVPG ≥20 mm Hg are proposed.
Hyponatremia in Cirrhosis: An Update
Authors: Alukal Joseph J. , John Savio , Thuluvath Paul J.
Published: August 2020

Hyponatremia is frequently seen in patients with ascites secondary to advanced cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Although not apparent in the early stages of cirrhosis, the progression of cirrhosis and portal hypertension leads to splanchnic vasodilation, and this leads to the activation of compensatory mechanisms such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), sympathetic nervous system, and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) to ameliorate low circulatory volume. The net effect is the avid retention of sodium and water to compensate for the low effective circulatory volume, resulting in the development of ascites. These compensatory mechanisms lead to impairment of the kidneys to eliminate solute-free water in decompensated cirrhosis. Nonosmotic secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as arginine vasopressin, further worsens excess water retention and thereby hyponatremia. The management of hyponatremia in this setting is a challenge as conventional therapies for hyponatremia including fluid restriction and correction of hypokalemia are frequently inefficacious. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology, complications, and various treatment modalities, including albumin infusion, selective vasopressin receptor antagonists, or hypertonic saline for patients with severe hyponatremia and those awaiting liver transplantation.
Treatment for the Transmission of Coronavirus Disease 2019 from Human to Human by Hand as Divine Creators Code 19
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Abul
Published: August 2020

On 11 February 2020, the WHO declared the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a new pandemic defined as the illness caused by a novel coronavirus now called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which was first identified amid an outbreak of respiratory illness cases in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.  It has not been previously identified in humans but WHO mentioned the virus, SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted from human to human by hand. The COVID-19 has been spreading rapidly across the world, affecting more than 185 countries. Up to 11 May 2020, over four million people are infected and over one fourth of million individuals around the world have died from the COVID-19. Till now, there is no approved medicine to prevent COVID-19 infection. WHO said, it is one year away to receive COVID-19 vaccine. The above panic situation and global pandemic insists me to consider, it is the Third World War of Divine Creator, Allah by Bio-weapon due to Human’s recent activity against the Creator such as modification of the Holy Qur’an, insulting the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), etc. This paper presents the evidence of the involvement of Divine Creator in this pandemic, and the transmission of COVID-19 by human hand is simulated with the Divine Creator’s Code “19”. Based on the simulation, a probable treatment process is proposed to immediate relief of mankind from COVID-19. Again, evaluated by Divine Creator’s Code 19, it is suggested that the vaccine mRNA-1273, developed at the biotechnology company Moderna in Massachusetts, could be applicable (2-dose schedule at Day 57) to prevent infection with SARS-CoV-2 causes the disease COVID-19 but it is taking time for testing of safe and effectiveness which is going on in the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research Center in the United States of America.
Extracting Value from Unstructured Data – Implementing Text Analytics on the Voice of Student
Authors: Wang Jiangping
Published: August 2020

Unstructured data is chaotic and messy with little or no metadata and lacks of traditional organization structure. However, same as any structured data, unstructured data is also part of valuable business asset. Many times, it is text heavy and needs extensive preprocessing before data mining algorithm can apply for building models in order to reveal value hidden in the data. Text as a form of data is widely used in business operations as a major way of communication, generating increasing volumes of data. Text data in its raw form is relatively dirty. The embedded business value can be extracted through approaches in text mining and text analytics. This paper presents a case study in this general process of revealing value in unstructured data and applying on data collected to support online learning and student assistance.
A Survey of Challenges Facing Streaming Data
Authors: Bagui Sikha , Jin Katie
Published: August 2020

This survey performs a thorough enumeration and analysis of existing methods for data stream processing. It is a survey of the challenges facing streaming data. The challenges addressed are preprocessing of streaming data, detection and dealing with concept drifts in streaming data, data reduction in the face of data streams, approximate queries and blocking operations in streaming data.
Multimodal Interventions Including Rehabilitation Exercise for Older Adults With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Kechichian Amélie , Lafrance Simon , Matifat Eveline , Dubé François , Lussier David , Benhaim Patrick , Perreault Kadija , Filiatrault Johanne , Rainville Pierre , Higgins Johanne , Rousseau Jacqueline , Masse Julie , Desmeules François
Published: August 2020

Background and Purpose:

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSKDs) are the most common causes of disabilities for older adults. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the effectiveness of multimodal interventions including exercise rehabilitation for older adults with chronic MSKDs.

Methods:

A literature search was conducted up to February 2019 in 5 bibliographical databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared multimodal interventions including exercise rehabilitation with usual medical care or no intervention. Randomized controlled trials were assessed with the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Meta-analyses were performed and pooled mean differences (MDs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated.

Results:

Sixteen RCTs (n = 2322 participants) were included. One RCT was considered at low risk of bias, 8 had some concerns of bias, and 7 had a high risk of bias. Participants suffered from hip or knee osteoarthritis (OA) (n = 12 RCTs), low back pain (LBP) (n = 2 RCTs) and generalized chronic pain (GCP) (n = 2 RCTs). Multimodal interventions were significantly more effective than usual care to decrease pain (visual analog scale, out of 10 points) in the short term, MD: −0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI] −1.08 to −0.34, n = 900), and in the long term: MD: −0.52 (95% CI −0.98 to −0.05, n = 575), but these differences are not considered clinically important. In terms of disabilities, multimodal interventions were also significantly more effective than usual care. The SMDs were −0.47 (95% CI −0.61 to −0.34, n = 903) and −0.29 (95% CI −0.46 to −0.13, n = 568) for OA trials in the short and long terms, respectively, and −0.47 (95% CI −0.81 to −0.12, n = 211) for LBP and GCP trials in the short term. The magnitude of these effects may be considered as small to moderate.

Conclusion:

Multimodal intervention including exercise rehabilitation combined with usual medical care is an efficacious therapeutic option to reduce disabilities in older adults with chronic MSKDs. A significant but not clinically important effect was observed for pain. The most beneficial component of the multimodal interventions in terms of education, exercises, or medication remains to be determined.
A Proposal of the Crack Tip Opening Displacement Calculation Formula and Its Conversion Factor to J-Integral in C(T) Specimens
Authors: Kawabata Tomoya , Kayamori Yoichi , Tagawa Tetsuya
Published: August 2020

The crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) concept describing cleavage embrittlement failure proposed by Wells is an important technology supporting the reliability of steel structures around the world. In 2002, ASTM E1290, Standard Test Method for Crack-Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) Fracture Toughness Measurement, proposed a CTOD calculation formula based on a J-integral different from the previous integral that reflected the work-hardening characteristics and was triggered by the appearance of a case where evaluation values significantly different from the conventional British Standard (BS) formula are given. The authors attempted to construct an accurate CTOD calculation formula by performing actual measurements in CTOD experiments and systematic numerical analyses. Detailed observation of the plastic deformation mode in the ligament demonstrates the validity of the plastic hinge model that BS has adopted to date. In 2016, it was possible to propose a highly accurate formula that considers the work-hardening characteristics for edge-cracked bending test piece specimens and is adopted into the Japanese and ISO standard. Here, the outline of the CTOD calculation formula for the compact specimen (denoted as C(T)) constructed in the same manner will be described. The authors also suggested that the CTOD and J-integral conversion factor can be expressed in a simpler form than the form indicated by ASTM E1820, Test Method for Measurement of Fracture Toughness. In this study, we discovered that the same conversion factor can be applied to a compact specimen, which is quite reasonable considering the energy release rate of the J value.
Development and Implementation of a Framework for Adaptive Undergraduate Curricula in Manufacturing Engineering
Authors: Raoufi Kamyar , Paul Brian K. , Haapala Karl R.
Published: August 2020

Advanced manufacturing, through the application of science and technology, compels an expanded view of the role of engineers in driving innovation. Advanced manufacturing requires engineers to imagine new ways of making products for smart, rapid, flexible, sustainable, and competitive production. Such manufacturing innovation is driving operational, tactical, and strategic advantages for industry while also creating a demand for a dynamic global workforce and market. The work herein supports the preparation of next-generation engineers for careers in academia and industry by developing and implementing a framework for adaptive manufacturing engineering curricula. The framework is founded upon a benchmarking study that applied the Society of Manufacturing Engineers Four Pillars of Manufacturing Knowledge Model to examine Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, Inc.–accredited undergraduate manufacturing engineering programs in the United States. Results of this work will enable universities, along with their industry partners, to identify topics that have garnered the attention of other curriculum developers and define opportunities for improvement. Thus, the adaptive framework can serve as a basis for defining how individual undergraduate programs can best meet the human resource needs of affiliated advanced manufacturing industry. To illustrate, a resulting revision to the manufacturing engineering curriculum at Oregon State University is described. The curriculum consists of a set of foundational courses and supporting thrusts in manufacturing systems and product development. The framework enables keystone options addressing needs for educating students in manufacturing systems, product development, smart manufacturing, and sustainable manufacturing. The framework supports local industry needs while taking advantage of faculty expertise. Initial implementation has demonstrated a positive student reception of the revised program, which also facilitates dual majors with industrial and mechanical engineering.
Pitfalls or Windfalls in China’s Belt and Road Economic Outreach?
Authors: Jain Romi
Published: August 2020

In just over six years, China’s Belt and Road Initiative has swiftly expanded to vast swaths of the globe, with as many as 138 countries signing on. In 2017, President Xi Jinping’s signature project was incorporated into the Chinese constitution, assuming extraordinary significance as the “project of the century.” China has couched the program in multilateral terms, with a promise of shared benefits through road and maritime connectivity projects, reviving the ancient Silk Road and revivifying the spirit of commercial, cultural and academic exchange. Cooperation among member countries is envisaged in policy coordination, facilities connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration, and people-to-people bonds. However, an active debate has ensued surrounding China’s motivations and the initiative’s potential outcomes for the host countries. Against this backdrop, I examine the economic implications for host countries and regions, using a geo-economic analytical framework.
Functional Divergence of Mammalian TFAP2a and TFAP2b Transcription Factors for Bidirectional Sleep Control
Authors: Hu Yang , Korovaichuk Alejandra , Astiz Mariana , Schroeder Henning , Islam Rezaul , Barrenetxea Jon , Fischer Andre , Oster Henrik , Bringmann Henrik
Published: August 2020

Here, Hu et al. show that AP-2 transcription factors have diverged to take on bidirectional control of sleep in mammals. This is the first instance where a sleep gene is shown to have diversified in evolution .....
Dem. In Aristog. I 40: Una Metafora Platonica?
Authors: Giaquinta Irene
Published: August 2020

In or. 25 Demosthenes compares Aristogeiton to a watchdog who, instead of defending the sheeps, attacks and tears them to pieces. This picture seems not to be common in Attic rhetoric, but is occurs in Plat. Rep. 416a, where Socrates warns about the danger that the most popular orators, in betrayal of their former task, assault the demos and eventually become tyrants. This platonic passage confers a new meaning to the Demosthenic statement and suggests the possibility that Aristogeiton aimed at tyranny. Hence the nomos, which only can control physis, protects society from the worst human vices (poneria, hybris and anaideia), and represents the most effective defence of democracy.
Locus/Forum Regit Actum – a Dual Principle in Transnational Criminal Matters
Authors: Karsai Krisztina
Published: August 2020

The aim of the paper is to introduce and analyse the binary code of the main principle applied in legal assistance procedures in international criminal matters – the locus regit actum and the forum regit actum sub-principles are characterized by different dynamics and have different legal consequences. While locus regit actum requires the application of the procedural rules of the state that has been addressed with the legal assistance request, the forum regit actum principle asks for application of the requesting state’s rules on the given procedure. The result of the legal assistance procedure is the evidence assumed to be used in the criminal procedure to be carried out in the requesting state. The different concepts have very distinguished consequences in the scope of admissibility of the evidence and regarding the legal remedies against obtaining the evidence. Within the European Union, the related developments show a double paradigm shift in this regard – the initial followed locus regit actum was abandoned in 2000 in favour of the forum regit actum, but then in 2017, the member states of the EU opted once again for locus regit actum with the new regime of the European Investigation Order. Finally, the paper highlights the main issues of the concept of the free movement of evidence and shares in addition to positive evaluation, criticism on the subject as well.
Chernobyl − Experience and Perspectives of International Cooperation and Environmental Protection
Authors: Tamburelli Gianfranco , Kovalenko Tetiana Olexandrivna
Published: August 2020

The article analyses various stages of the subsequent development of the international cooperation and of Ukrainian legislation aimed at facing the consequences of the explosion at Chernobyl nuclear power plant, on April 26, 1986. It is aimed to assess the impact of Chernobyl accident on law and policies in the field of environmental protection. The reaction to the Chernobyl accident gave in fact a boost to the evolution of international treaty law in various sectors (nuclear safety, emergency preparedness and response, environmental law) and, according to the Authors, contributed to the assertion in general international law of the right to environmental information.

More than a thousand legal acts have been adopted in the Ukraine aimed at determining the safe management of the territories affected by Chernobyl accident. Notwithstanding the resulting nuclear contamination from Chernobyl accident still is a priority environmental problem. In this context, the Authors highlight the exceptional interest of the prospect opened by the Presidential Decrees of 2018 and 2019 on the rehabilitation of the territories affected by radioactive contamination. They represent a further important step towards the effective establishment of a biosphere reserve, in the perspective of the creation of a transboundary protected area with Belarus.
An Optimality Theoretic account of verbal pattern-root consonant assimilation in Modern Standard Arabic
Authors: Aljeradaat Hamed
Published: August 2020

The goal of this study is to propose an Optimality-Theoretic (OT) account of the assimilation that arises from adjacency between root and pattern consonants in the two verbal patterns “ɪn-a-a-” and “ɪ-ta-a” in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). As for the pattern of “ɪn-a-a-”, ranking syntagmatic constraints higher than the faithfulness constraint of the root explains why the nasal /n/ agrees with the first radical in place features. In the second pattern (“ɪ-ta-a-”), ranking syntagmatic constraints higher than the faithfulness constraints correctly predicts the change of the pattern affix /t/ to [d] provided that it follows a voiced coronal consonant. This ranking also successfully explains why /t/ becomes emphatic (i.e., [tˤ]) when it occurs after an emphatic radical. Some constraints are posited in order to account for the change of pattern /t/ into /w/ when the latter comes after the vowel /ɪ/.
Optimization and comparison of different standards for compressed welded box columns
Authors: Jármai Károly , Petrik Máté
Published: August 2020

Stability is one of the most critical problems in the design of welded metal structures, since in many cases instability causes failure or collapse of the structures. The present study aims to show the minimum mass design procedure for welded steel box columns loaded by a compression force. The normal stresses and overall stability are calculated for pinned columns. The dimensions of the box columns are optimized by using constraints on global stability, local buckling of webs and flanges. Different design rules and standards are compared: Eurocode 3, Japan Railroad Association, American Petroleum Institute, and American Institute of Steel Construction. The calculations are made for different loadings, column length and steel grades. The yield stress varies between 235 and 690 MPa. Optimization is carried out using the generalized reduced gradient method in Excel solver. Cost calculations and comparisons show the most economical structure.
Sizing of a decentralized wastewater treatment unit supported by biokinetic modeling
Authors: Bába Barnabás , Karches Tamás
Published: August 2020

Decentralized wastewater systems treat, dispose and reuse the wastewater in the vicinity of source, reducing the sewage transportation cost to minimal. As an alternative to centralized systems it can function as a satellite system or an individual wastewater treatment unit. Design an onsite facility applies the same sizing procedure compared the conventional large scale systems, whereas the input flow data and its variability, the model parameters could differ. In this study a small size treatment unit was designed by biokinetic modeling, where the model parameters were estimated using analytical methods. As a result of the calculation the biomass build-up and the quality of the treated effluent was predicted and the operation parameters were determined in summer and winter operation.
Determination of SCS-CN initial abstraction ratio in a catchment prone to flash floods
Authors: Caletka Martin , Šulc Michalková Monika
Published: August 2020

The soil conservation service - curve number method is a globally used approach to simulations of surface runoff for its simplicity and applicability. Nevertheless, relevant simulations require proper setting of the model's components. This work focuses on optimization of initial abstraction ratio λ in the Husí potok sub-catchments in Czech Republic. Due to favorable morphology, the watershed is prone to flash floods and accurate modeling of surface runoff is of high interest. The analysis was conducted using pairs of discharge and rainfall measurements. The results outline that the traditional value λ= 0.2 is too high in this watershed and should be reduced.
Tools and methodologies of 3D model-based building survey
Authors: Máder Patrik Márk , Szilágyi Dorottya , Rák Olivér
Published: August 2020

Information-based modeling technology is supported by advanced information technology solutions in the building industry. The integration of its methodology into construction and design processes is already going on. However, many areas still have development possibilities; for instance, building surveys belong to these fields. Countless survey tools and methodologies endeavor to support and ease the work of professionals in design and construction, yet there is a need for comprehensive collaboration. This could be promoted by creating a direct link between survey tools and architectural design software.

This article demonstrates a tool under development that intends to provide a solution to this issue.
Construction project management through BIM and knowledge technology
Authors: Mandičák Tomáš , Mesároš Peter , Tkáč Matúš
Published: August 2020

Construction project management is difficult process and important part of efficiency and productivity in construction industry. Currently, construction industry is increasing demands on technology, environmental and social construction parameters in the context of maintaining the balance of economic efficiency and sustainability of the construction and realization of buildings. Progressive technology as knowledge systems and building information modeling are the supporting tool for achieving this. Building information modeling is a progressive intelligent 3D model-based process that gives architecture, engineering, and construction professionals the insight and tools to more efficiently in planning, designing and buildings and infrastructure managing. Knowledge and building information modeling technology include a lot of functions and opportunities for better and easier way to achieve project goal and affect to construction project management process. Research discusses the issue of construction project management trough building information modeling and knowledge technology. The main aim of the paper is to analyze impact of these technologies on efficiency in construction project management.
New structure in the historical context case study: contemporary shopping mall in the historic center of Prizren
Authors: Jagxhiu Besa
Published: August 2020

The historic centers to retain their liveliness and vibrancy should be able to grow and change. It is a big challenge for the contemporary architecture to balance the socio-economic needs of the city and its community in one hand, and protection of the cultural heritage on the other. The aim of this study is to analyze the incorporation of the new structures in the historical context. How can the new structures harmoniously be incorporated in the historic centers without endangering their cultural heritage values? The paper discusses how to design a new contemporary shopping mall in the Historic Center of Prizren in order to create an attractive area and at the same time avoiding deterioration of the historical place.
Experimental study of railway ballast consolidation inhomogeneity under vibration loading
Authors: Sysyn Mykola , Kovalchuk Vitalii , Gerber Ulf , Nabochenko Olga , Pentsak Andriy
Published: August 2020

Railway ballast tamping is one of the cost-expensive renewal and maintenance works of railway superstructure. The quality of ballast consolidation influences its resistance to residual deformations and long-term deterioration of track geometry. The process of ballast compaction along the sleeper under the vibration loading is complex and depends on many factors. The ballast flow processes under the vibration loading can produce both consolidation and un-consolidation of ballast material. The present study is devoted to the experimental investigation of ballast consolidation inhomogeneity. The method of ballast local consolidation measurement is proposed. The method is based on the velocity of impact wave propagation that is measured with device. The application of modern microcontroller and sensor techniques provided simple and reliable multi-point velocity measurements in a ballast layer. That enables well enough spatial resolution of ballast consolidation inhomogeneity. The measurement analysis has shown more than 4 times higher consolidation under the sleeper center than for unconsolidated ballast.
Influence of the distribution of the shear walls on the seismic response of the buildings
Authors: Echebba El Mehdi , Boubel Hasnae , Elmrabet Oumnia , Rougui Mohamed
Published: August 2020

In this paper, an evaluation was tried for the impact of structural design on structural response. Several situations are foreseen as the possibilities of changing the distribution of the structural elements (sails, columns, etc.), the width of the structure and the number of floors indicates the adapted type of bracing for a given structure by referring only to its Geometric dimensions.

This was done by studying the effect of the technical design of the building on the natural frequency of the structure with the study of the influence of the distribution of the structural elements on the seismic response of the building, taking into account of the requirements of the Moroccan earthquake regulations 2000/2011 and using the ANSYS APDL and Robot Structural Analysis software.
Fire performance of concrete sandwich panel under axial load
Authors: Sajadian Behnam , Ashrafi Hamidreza
Published: August 2020

In the present study, the performance of concrete sandwich panel against fire and axial load has been considered. A finite element model of a sandwich wall is presented and evaluated the performance under different temperature (200, 400, 600 °C. The ratio of width, thickness and length of wall are constant and the axial load enters on the top of wall. The maximum displacement and stress in different models shows the capacity of wall is increased at high temperature. The displacement has dramatically increased at temperature loading of 800 °C and it has gained which shows poor efficiency of wall at high temperatures.
Effect of structures density and tunnel depth on the tunnel-soil-structures dynamical interaction
Authors: Achouri Abderrahim , Amrane Mohamed Nadir
Published: August 2020

This paper studies the presence effects of two or more adjacent structures on the tunnel responses and vice versa due to surface and underground traffic loads. The study is numerically carried out by using Finite element Plaxis2D software©. The obtained results demonstrate that the dynamical interaction between the tunnel and the structures is significantly influenced by varying the number and distance between the adjacent structures, the depth of the tunnel and the location of the traffic load. These results can be considered and used in realistic and practical cases and also to help build efficient and more comfortable construction projects.
Effective volume rendering on mobile and standalone VR headsets by means of a hybrid method
Authors: Tukora Balázs
Published: August 2020

Numerous volume rendering techniques are available to display 3D datasets on desktop computers and virtual reality devices. Recently the spreading of mobile and standalone virtual reality headsets has brought the need for volume visualization on these platforms too. However, the volume rendering techniques that show good performance in desktop environment underachieve on these devices, due to the special hardware conditions and visualization requirements. To speed up the volumetric rendering to an accessible level a hybrid technique is introduced, a mix of the ray casting and 3D texture mapping methods. This technique increases 2-4 times the frame rate of displaying volumetric data on mobile and standalone virtual reality headsets as compared to the original methods. The new technique was created primarily to display medical images but it is not limited only to this type of volumetric data.
Estimation of capillary rise in unsaturated gypseous sand soils
Authors: Alsamia Shaymaa , Mahmood Mohammed Sh. , Akhtarpour Ali
Published: August 2020

The phenomenon of capillary rise happens in soils, and it has a crucial effect on many engineering applications. Many researchers have concluded several experimental equations to estimate this height. This paper presents a comparative and practical study of the three most important equations used in most researches, which are Lane and Washburn, Fetter, and P-K equations. The estimated heights by these three equations were compared with the experimental tests on sand samples taken from Al-Adalah, Al-Furat, and Al-Jameah districts located in Al-Najaf city in the southwest of Iraq. The percentage change for each equation compared with the experimental work. The results illustrated that the Fetter equation is the closest equation to experimental height and gives moderate values, unlike the Lane and Washburn and P-K equations, to save estimation of the pollutants penetration in unsaturated soils.
Enhance thermal efficiency of parabolic trough collector using Tungsten oxide/Syltherm 800 nanofluid
Authors: Al-Oran Otabeh , Lezsovits Ferenc
Published: August 2020

Development of thermal efficiency of the concentrated solar energy especially parabolic trough collector using various nanofluids types has a taken high interest in recent years. In this article enhancement thermal performance inside the heating collecting element of trough collector type LS-2 was simulated and improved using nanofluid consist of Tungsten Oxide WO3 inserting in Syltherm 800. Nanofluid effect was examined by solving the energy balance equation using MATLAB Software to cover wide range concentration volume 1-5% and inlet temperatures ranging from 350-650 K for the turbulent flow. The heat transfer performance and thermal efficiency were improved based on the results, and a notable increase was obtained when volume concentration had been increased compared with base fluid.
Graph approximation on similarity based rough sets
Authors: Nagy Dávid , Mihálydeák Tamás , Aszalós László
Published: August 2020

Correlation clustering is a widely used technique in data mining. The clusters contain objects, which are typically similar to one another and different from objects from other groups. In the authors previous works the possible usage of correlation in rough set theory were investigated. In rough set theory, two objects are treated as indiscernible if all of their attribute values are the same. A base set contains those objects that are indiscernible from one another. The partition, gained from the correlation clustering, can be understood as the system of base sets, as the clusters contain the typically similar objects (not just to a distinguished member) and it considers the real similarity among the objects. In this work the extension of this study is presented, using the method to approximate graphs representing similarity relations.
Comparative case study on system-integrated measurement technologies
Authors: Tóth János , Kocsi Balázs
Published: August 2020

The aim of the research is to make a comparison between system integrated measurement technologies in the field of engineering education in order to the students getting more detailed knowledge about the high level problem solving. A comparative case study was conducted with 3 different types of systems, as follows: Beckhoff, National Instruments, and HBM. The criteria of the systems are determined based on experience and the importance level of them was calculated by preference matrix. The ranks of the alternatives are calculated by Kesselring method, which provides the effectiveness value of the systems compared to the benchmark. The result of the paper shows a suitable method for selecting engineering systems.