bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of the eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases gaming disorder criteria to treatment-seeking patients: Comparison with the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Internet gaming disorder criteria
Authors: Higuchi Susumu , Nakayama Hideki , Matsuzaki Takanobu , Mihara Satoko , Kitayuguchi Takashi
Published: February 2021

Background and aims

The World Health Organization included gaming disorder (GD) in the eleventh revision of International Classification of Diseases in 2019. Due to the lack of diagnostic tools for GD, a definition has not been adequately applied. Therefore, this study aimed to apply an operationalized definition of GD to treatment-seekers. The relationship between the diagnoses of GD and Internet gaming disorder (IGD) in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders was also examined. Methods: Study participants comprised 241 treatment-seekers who had engaged in excessive gaming and experienced related problems. Psychiatrists applied the GD diagnostic criteria to the participants using a diagnostic form developed for this study. Information on gaming behavior and functional impairment was obtained through face-to-face interviews conducted by clinical psychologists. Results: In total, 78.4 and 83.0% of the participants fulfilled the GD and IGD diagnostic criteria, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of GD diagnosis were both high when the IGD diagnosis was used as the gold standard. Participants with GD preferred online PC and console games, spent significantly more time gaming, and showed a higher level of functional impairment compared to those who did not fulfill the GD diagnostic criteria. Discussion and Conclusion: The definition of GD can be successfully applied to treatment-seekers with excessive gaming and related problems. A high concordance of GD and IGD diagnoses was found in those participants with relatively severe symptoms. The development and validation of a diagnostic tool for GD should be explored in future studies.
Classification Methods for EEG Patterns of Imaginary Movements
Authors: Kapralov Nikolai , Nagornova Zhanna , Shemyakina Natalia
Published: February 2021

The review focuses on the most promising methods for classifying EEG signals for non-invasive BCIs and theoretical approaches for the successful classification of EEG patterns. The paper provides an overview of articles using Riemannian geometry, deep learning methods and various options for preprocessing and "clustering" EEG signals, for example, common-spatial pattern (CSP). Among other approaches, pre-processing of EEG signals using CSP is often used, both offline and online. The combination of CSP, linear discriminant analysis, support vector machine and neural network (BPNN) made it possible to achieve 91% accuracy for binary classification with exoskeleton control as a feedback. There is very little work on the use of Riemannian geometry online and the best accuracy achieved so far for a binary classification problem is 69.3% in the work. At the same time, in offline testing, the average percentage of correct classification in the considered articles for approaches with CSP – 77.5 ± 5.8%, deep learning networks – 81.7 ± 4.7%, Riemannian geometry – 90.2 ± 6.6%. Due to nonlinear transformations, Riemannian geometry-based approaches and complex deep neural networks provide higher accuracy and better extract of useful information from raw EEG recordings rather than linear CSP transformation. However, in real-time setup, not only accuracy is important, but also a minimum time delay. Therefore, approaches using the CSP transformation and Riemannian geometry with a time delay of less than 500 ms may be in the future advantage.
Implications of Covid-19 on the management of school financial resources in quintile 5 public schools
Authors: du Plessis Pierre
Published: February 2021

With the promulgation of the South African Schools Act, public education in South Africa was decentralised and communities were made responsible for the governance of public schools. White Paper 1 on Education and Training confirmed the inability of the state to meet the financial requirements of public education. Despite the fact that school governing bodies are responsible for raising substantial funding, their ability to appropriate school funds is limited by legislation, irrespective of the origin of the funds or assets in question. These restrictions have a substantial impact on the way financing is structured and managed by public schools. In 2020 schools were closed for more than 2 months due to the Covid-19 lockdown, and many parents were left questioning why they should pay for services not rendered. Using a qualitative research approach, we aimed to determine the impact of Covid-19 on the management of school fees and resources in public schools. The findings reveal that Covid-19 has had an impact on school budgets, teaching posts and fundraising activities, as well as on the day-to-day running of schools.
Financing primary and secondary education in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review of literature
Authors: Chikoko Vitallis , Mthembu Pinkie
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we review literature on the financing of primary and secondary education in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) with a view to contributing some insights about the extent to which the region can achieve the United Nations’ (UN) Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4). At the heart of SDG 4 of the UN 2030 Agenda is the desire to achieve equity in education provision to the extent that no one is left behind. Leaving no one behind in this context suggests a pro-poor approach to educational financing. The SSA region lags behind other developing regions regarding investing in education and is, therefore, under threat of failing to meet the very ambitious aims of SDG 4, hence this focus. We examine the literature through a three-pronged conceptual framework, including public, external aid, and private education financing. Findings show that, ceteris paribus, SSA will not have adequate financial resources to meet SDG 4 requirements. Public education financing, which remains the major source, needs to increase significantly. For this to happen, SSA countries’ economies must necessarily grow.
Influence of mentalis muscle relaxation on oronasal breathing
Authors: Gobbis Mara Letícia , Borges Bruno Luis Amoroso , Tramonti Karina Aparecida , Silva Cynthia Lopes da , Nagae Mirian Hideko
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: to investigate the existence of changes in the electromyographic patterns of the mentalis and inferior orbicularis oris muscles in oronasal breathers, submitted to massage therapy on the mentalis muscle. Methods: a controlled blind placebo experiment, with a sample of 19 oronasal breathers (1 man and 18 women), mean age (standard deviation) 22.3 (2.63) years, randomly divided into control and experimental groups, respectively with 7 and 12 volunteers. The experimental group alone underwent myotherapy with massages for 3 months, while electromyographic data were collected from both groups at the beginning and end of the treatment, both at rest and when swallowing water. The analysis of variance was conducted to test the existence of differences between the means; the 5% significance level was used. Results: the analysis of variance revealed signs of interaction between the group and phase effects when analyzing the root mean square values of both the inferior orbicularis oris and the mentalis muscles. As expected, no signs of significant differences were found between the means of the phases in the control group. On the other hand, signs of significant difference were found in the experimental group, with reduced root mean square values in both muscles. The inferior orbicularis oris muscle, which in the pre-phase had a mean (standard deviation) of 202.10 (161.47) µV, had, in the post-phase, values of 131.49 (159.18) µV. The mentalis muscle, in its turn, had in the pre- and post-phase, respectively, a mean (standard deviation) of 199.31 (279.77) µV and 114.58 (253.56) µV. Conclusion: given that no effect was detected in the control group, the decrease in the root mean square values of the mentalis and inferior orbicularis oris muscles in oronasal breathers was attributed to the massage therapy on the mentalis muscle.
Isolation and phenotypic characterization of antibiotic resistant E.coli and Salmonella from food animal feces v1
Authors: Manishimwe Rosine , M. Moncada Paola , Bugarel Marie , Morgan Scott H. , H. Loneragan Guy
Published: February 2021

This protocol was designed to help researchers with limited laboratory resources to generate valuable information on the status of antibiotic resistance among indicator E.coli and pathogenic Salmonella from food producing animals. The protocol uses less technology intensive methods such the disk diffusion and the combination disk test to estimate isolate- and sample-level prevalence of E.coli and Salmonella resistance to most critical important antibiotics. In this protocol, agar-based media without antibiotic-supplements are used to isolate E. coli and Salmonella from fecal samples. Besides, agar-based media supplemented with antibiotics are used to screen for E. coli and Salmonella resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and to screen for E. coli and Salmonella with low susceptibility to quinolones. Furthermore, all bacterial isolates are tested for their susceptibility to a panel of twelve antibiotic disks using the disk diffusion. Finally, the combination disk test is used to test for phenotypic production of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) or AmpC among all bacterial isolates resistant to third-generation cephalosporins using a second panel of 12 antibiotic disks.
La enseñanza de la escritura en la educación superior: una experiencia didáctica en torno al macrogénero “Descripción de Flujograma"
Authors: Serpa Cecilia
Published: February 2021

Este artículo presenta evidencias a favor de la enseñanza de la escritura a través del currículum, siguiendo una didáctica explícita basada en el género, bajo el modelo de docente asociado. Para ello, expone una experiencia que se llevó a cabo con estudiantes del curso Herramientas Computacionales y Programación para la Ingeniería y la Ciencia, en una universidad en la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, en torno a la elaboración de un macrogénero: la Descripción de Flujograma. En este marco, se realiza una caracterización del macrogénero desde la perspectiva de la lingüística sistémico-funcional, en particular, de la Escuela de Sídney, la cual permitió delimitar con precisión el objeto de enseñanza. Luego, se exponen los fundamentos de la tarea docente. En tercer lugar, se presentan los resultados obtenidos mediante la implementación de una rúbrica o matriz de evaluación, la cual permitió ponderar el desempeño de los sujetos tanto en la producción de la primera versión del texto como en su versión editada. Por último, se argumenta a favor de las opciones teóricas, metodológicas y didácticas que sustentan la propuesta de enseñanza de la escritura que actualmente se lleva a cabo en la universidad, sin dejar de lado la revisión de los puntos que deberían ser atendidos de cara a experiencias futuras.
Reading to Learn and EFL Students’ Construction of Spoken Biographical Recounts
Authors: Herazo Rivera Jose David , Becerra Tatiana , García-Montes Paula , Sagre Barbosa Anamaría , Anaya Camila , Pastrana Juliana
Published: February 2021

Reading to Learn (R2L) is a genre-based pedagogical model that has been used worldwide for promoting student literacy in L1 and L2 contexts. Despite its increasing popularity, very few studies have reported how R2L can be used to support learners’ spoken communication in foreign language classrooms. This article reports the results of a qualitative study that explored how a rural-school teacher of efl used this model to support ninth graders’ understanding and production of spoken biographical recounts. Findings revealed that learners’ spoken meaningmaking potential increased during the R2L lessons, both in terms of the amount of new content students conveyed throughout the stages and phases of the genre and in connection with the variety of lexico-grammatical resources learners used. Findings also revealed that the teacher’s use of metalanguage, both verbally and represented in a diagram, became a key scaffold in students’ independent construction of biographical recounts. The study underscores the value of this pedagogy for promoting spoken discourse in efl classrooms.
Genre-Based Pedagogy in Paulo Freire’s Country: Teaching Brazilian Students to Write Essays for the National High School Exam
Authors: Vian Junior Orlando , Dalben de Faria Fabiane
Published: February 2021

From the perspective of the appraisal system, this article discusses how 60 high school students from two private Brazilian schools align with their readers in texts written as preparation for the Brazilian National High School Exam. Adopting a mixed methodology, a corpus of 301 texts produced by the students was analyzed. Results showed that students' commitment to proposals for social intervention increased throughout the analyzed course, which meant that students started to adopt more critical and proactive stances in their essays. In addition, results showed how students align with their readers, confirming the paramount importance of mastering written language for the development of school literacies, as suggested by Halliday (1996). In terms of implications for pedagogy, the experience brought about new insights for course design and improvements in students’ writing, as well as a better understanding of the role of language in literacy projects. Finally, it confirmed the possibility of building an interface between a genre-based pedagogy and Paulo Freire’s critical pedagogy.
Pre-Service EFL Teachers’ Responses to a Systemic Functional Linguistics Pedagogical Unit: An Experience in a Public University in Colombia
Authors: Chavarría Yenny , Correa Doris
Published: February 2021

Acknowledging the need for pre-service teachers to learn about language structures, many teacher preparation programs have incorporated grammar courses into their curriculum. Recently, there has been a push from Systemic Functional Linguistic (SFL) scholars to switch to more functional views of grammar in these courses. Such a switch, scholars claim, can better prepare pre-service teachers (PST) for writing across the curriculum and for teaching writing to their prospective students. Despite the potential benefits, many efl teacher preparation programs are still cautious about providing instruction on SFL. This has created a gap in terms of how pre-service teachers would respond to this type of instruction. Considering this gap, scholars from a university in Medellín, Colombia implemented a three-month pedagogical unit within a grammar course, which intended to move pre-service teachers from traditional to functional views of grammar. As they did this, they conducted a case study which explored how psts responded to the implementation of this unit. Data analysis shows that psts’ responses do not always move in a straight line, that is, from resistance, to caution, to openness, but may very well vary depending on the sfl concept or premise that is being taught. The results suggest that English grammar courses offered in teacher preparation programs can have traditional grammar as a starting point and then move PSTs towards more functional and critical views. They also suggest the need to identify some strategies that could be used with PSTs who show either caution or resistance.
EFFECTS OF TURMERIC RESIDUE ON HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS, NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF HYBRID CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus × Heterobranchus bidorsalis)
Authors: Nguyen Phuc Hung , Do Thi Nguyen , Nguyen Mai Phuong
Published: February 2021

Turmeric residue (TR), which is obtained from the extraction process of curcuminoids, may remain biological active compounds. This study was conducted to examine the effects of the TR on hematological parameters, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance in hybrid catfish (Clarias gariepinus × Heterobranchus bidorsalis). Three experimental diets were formulated denoted as follows: BD (Basal diet), BTR1D (BD plus 1% TR powder), and BTR2D (BD plus 2% TR powder). Twelve juvenile hybrid catfish with an initial body weight of 180 g were allocated to each of the 6 concrete tanks (350-L holding capacity), resulting in two replicate tanks per dietary treatment. For 4 weeks, the fish were hand-fed the experimental diets to apparent satiation twice daily. The results showed that the final body weight and weight gain tended to increase in fish fed TR-supplemented diets, and significant differences were recorded in the BTR2D group as compared to the BD group (P < 0.05). In contrast, FCR values were decreased in fish fed BTR1D and BTR2D in comparison with those fed BD, and the FCR value of the BTR2D group was significantly lower than that of the BD group (P < 0.05). Hemoglobin concentration, white blood cell count and protein and lipid apparent digestibility coefficients were higher in fish fed TR-supplemented diets than those fed BD. These results indicated that dietary supplementation of the TR was beneficial to hematological parameters, nutrient digestibility, growth performance, and feed utilization in hybrid catfish. The positive effects of the BTR2D on fish performances in the present study suggest that supplementation of the TR at the ratio of 2% in the diet may be necessary for hybrid catfish practical culture.
STUDY ON QUALITY OF DOMESTIC TOURISM PROGRAMS IN HA NAM
Authors: Nguyen Thi Phuong Nga
Published: February 2021

Tourism programs are typical products and services of the travel industry. The quality of a travel program reflects the quality of tourism in a destination. This study evaluates the quality of tourism programs using the IPA model, analyzes the importance and level of performance of the tourism program quality criteria: the attractiveness of resources; quality of infrastructure; quality of accommodation and catering services; service attitude of staff; price of the program; brand destination. Surveying 185 reviews of tourists on the quality of tourism programs in Ha Nam shows that the quality of tourism programs in Ha Nam depends primarily on the brand of the whore coming, the quality of service tourism program; factors of attraction of the destination, service attitude, price affecting tourists' needs.
A randomized prospective study to compare the efficacy and safety of budesonide plus formoterol and tiotropium plus formoterol in patients having mild to moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Singh Chandra Veer , Gautam Aditya Kumar , Dixit Alok , Singh Amit Vikram , Singh Sandeep Kumar
Published: February 2021

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading respiratory illness affecting the quality of lives around the world. The present study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of combination of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and long acting β2 agonist (LABA) with long acting β2 agonist and long acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) in treatment of mild to moderate COPD in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: Total 132 patients with COPD were recruited on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria for 8 weeks study from outpatient clinic. A complete pulmonary examination including spirometry examination was done to rule out severe and very severe forms of COPD. Spirometry was performed at the time of recruitment for evaluation of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and measurement of SpO2 at the time of recruitment at 2 weeks and 8 weeks. Appropriate statistical methods were used to compare the qualitative and quantitative primary and secondary efficacy end points, p value <0.05 was considered significant.Results: On analysis, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in FEV1 and SpO2 from baseline in ICS plus LABA group (n=66). A similarly significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in LABA and LAMA group (n=66). On comparison between ICS plus LABA and LABA plus LAMA no significant difference in FEV1 and SpO2 was observed between the two groups.  More adverse drug reactions were observed in ICS plus LABA group than LAMA plus LABA group.Conclusions: Combination of ICS and LABA combination is as effective as combination of LABA and LAMA in patients having mild to moderate COPD. However, LABA and LAMA combination is preferable because it is associated with fewer side effects.
Acute appendiceal diverticulitis diagnosed in the postoperative context of appendectomy
Authors: Frade Sofia M. , Andrade Ana K. , Pimentel João S. , Moniz Luis M. , Viegas Helder J.
Published: February 2021

Acute appendiceal diverticulitis is a rare cause of acute abdomen that is commonly interpreted as acute appendicitis until definitive histological result. We herein present two cases of patients of distinct age groups and gender who presented to the emergency department with right lower quadrant abdominal pain. Laboratory and imaging studies led to the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. In both cases, intraoperative findings were compatible with the initial diagnosis and therefore appendectomy was performed. Later pathological exam showed diverticulitis of the vermiform appendix. Although appendiceal diverticulitis is associated with a higher risk of perforation and neoplasms, both patients had linear postoperative period, without complications or dysplastic findings. Despite its similarities to the acute appendicitis, appendiceal diverticulitis presents itself as a distinct entity and should be suspected in patients with right lower abdominal pain in older age and with longer duration of symptoms.
MATEUS 15,21-28: UMA ANÁLISE NARRATIVA E DE GÊNERO
Authors: Souza Carolina Bezerra de , Schmitt Flávio
Published: February 2021

Este artigo busca fazer uma análise exegética e de gênero de Mt 15,21-28 em comparação com a perícope paralela em Mc 7,24-30, utilizando métodos diacrônicos e sincrônicos, neste último caso, a análise da narrativa, como ferramentas para descortinar o protagonismo feminino e a modificação do papel das mulheres entre as tradições. O evangelho de Mateus se distingue dos demais sinóticos em vários aspectos. Particularmente chama atenção o papel dos estrangeiros na relação com Jesus. Entre os muitos textos que tratam desta relação, está o texto de Mateus 15,21-28, que une a questão da etnia com a questão de gênero sob a questão da fé. Nesta perícope, Jesus e uma mulher cananeia são apresentados na narrativa.
A TEOLOGIA IMAGINATIVA DE C. S. LEWIS: O SOBRINHO DO MAGO E A VISÃO LEWISIANA DA CRIAÇÃO
Authors: Caldas Filho Carlos , Lima Evane Adegundes Soares
Published: February 2021

“O sobrinho do mago” faz parte da série de sete livros que compõem ‘As Crônicas de Nárnia’, do escritor irlandês C. S. Lewis, professor de Literatura Medieval e Renascentista nas universidades de Oxford e, posteriormente, Cambridge. Este artigo tem como meta demonstrar que o livro “O sobrinho do mago” pode ser interpretado como um recontar imaginativo da narrativa da criação registrada na Bíblia, especificamente no livro de Gênesis. Como base teórica busca-se compreender a interpretação e recepção da obra de arte, assim como a aplicabilidade do gênero fantasia.
DA AFLIÇÃO À SALVAÇÃO: PERCURSOS EXISTENCIAIS DE USUÁRIOS DA SAÚDE MENTAL
Authors: Oliveira Stephan Malta , Peixoto Mônica Monteiro , Serpa Jr. Octavio Domont de
Published: February 2021

O objetivo do presente artigo consistiu em extrair implicações teológico-existenciais de uma pesquisa de campo sobre a relação entre a religiosidade e experiências de sofrimento mental. A fundamentação teórica se deu nas Ciências da Religião, em autores como Santo Agostinho e Mestre Eckhart, e no existencialismo de Kierkegaard. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com usuários da rede pública de assistência, que frequentam regularmente uma religião. Três categorias de análise foram construídas: experiências de sofrimento, estratégias de enfrentamento e experiências de superação do sofrimento, as quais apontam para os diferentes caminhos traçados pelos participantes, desde a aflição até a cura/salvação.
“UM OLHAR SOBRE VÁRIOS OLHARES”: ESTADO DA ARTE DA PESQUISA SOBRE A PASTORAL DA JUVENTUDE NA ÁREA CIÊNCIAS DA RELIGIÃO E TEOLOGIA
Authors: Toledo Joilson De Souza
Published: February 2021

Nos últimos anos, no Brasil, tem crescido a produção acadêmica sobre grupos juvenis, em especial em relação aos grupos juvenis católicos. Sobre a Pastoral da Juventude (PJ), segmento de juventudes alinhado ao Cristianismo da Libertação (SOFIATI, 2012b) tem crescido substancialmente. O aumento dessas pesquisas no âmbito do mestrado (dissertações) e doutorado (teses) possibilita/demanda a realização de um balanço do que já foi produzido. Há artigos que intentaram um levantamento sobre a relação: juventudes e religião (TAVARES; CAMURÇA, 2004; RODRIGUES, 2012). Iniciamos, neste ano, uma pesquisa sobre o Estado da Arte da pesquisa sobre a PJ no ensino superior. O presente artigo insere-se neste processo e se detém especificamente à área de Ciências da Religião e Teologia onde encontramos ao todo quatorze dissertações e uma tese defendidas entre os anos de 1996 a 2017, em 9 dos 21 Programas de Pós-Graduação da área.
VIDA E OBRA DE CORA CORALINA
Authors: Richter Reimer Ivoni , Siqueira Ebe Lima
Published: February 2021

Entrevista realizada por Ivoni Richter Reimer com profa. Dra. Ebe Lima Siqueira, especialista da poetisa e contista goiana Cora Coralina. Apresenta dados biográficos e histórico-culturais, bem como parte da obra de Anna Lins dos Guimarães Peixoto Brêtas = Cora Coralina.
RELIGIÃO, LITERATURA E ARTE: UMA APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Rita Annabela , Richter Reimer Ivoni , Blasi Marcia , Silva Valmor Da
Published: February 2021

Apresentação do Dossiê Temático "Religião, Literatura e Arte" para v. 18, n. 3, 2020.
PEDRO RIBEIRO DE OLIVEIRA: UMA TRAJETÓRIA DE FÉ E POLÍTICA
Authors: Procópio Carlos Eduardo Pinto
Published: February 2021

Resenha do Livro: OLIVEIRA, Pedro Ribeiro. Fé e Política: uma trajetória. Vila Velha: Quatro Irmãos, 2018, 183 pp.
DISSERTAÇÕES DO PPGCR 2019-2020
Authors: Richter Reimer Ivoni
Published: February 2021

Apresentação de autoria e título das dissertações em Ciências da Religião,
Análisis estructural del sistema superconductor RE3Ba5Cu8O18 (RE = Dy, Gd, Ho, Sm, Y, Yb)
Authors: Parra Vargas Carlos A. , Canaría-Camargo Cesar Camilo , Roa-Rojas Jairo , Albino-Aguiar José
Published: February 2021

En este artículo reportamos la síntesis y caracterización estructural del sistema RE3Ba5Cu8O18 (RE = Dy, Gd, Ho, Sm, Y, Yb), lo que viene a complementar lo ya reportado por Aliabadi, et al., quienes lograron una temperatura crítica (TC) de ∼ 100 K para el sistema superconductor Y3Ba5Cu8O18, y evaluó la respuesta estructural en una muestra. El nuevo sistema RE3Ba5Cu8O18 se obtuvo utilizando el método de reacción de estado sólido seguido de un proceso térmico similar al empleado para el superconductor RE: 123. Asimismo, los resultados experimentales obtenidos mediante la técnica de difracción de rayos X y el análisis de Rietveld evidenciaron que estas muestras tenían la estructura cristalina esperada; sin embargo, fue obvio que la presencia de fases no superconductoras no afectó la temperatura de transición superconductora. Además, los estudios magnéticos revelaron que las muestras de RE3Ba5Cu8O18 registraban una transición superconductora en el rango de 80 a 93 K dependiendo de la tierra rara.
Respuesta del perejil crespo a diferentes densidades de población de Meloidogyne arenaria
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa,  Arequipa, Perú, Lozada-Villanueva Leslie Sharon , Casa-Ruiz Teodocia Gloria ,   Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa,  Arequipa, Perú, Bellé Cristiano ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria,  Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
Published: February 2021

The effect of initial population density (Pi) of the peanut root-knot nematode, Melodoigyne arenaria, on curly leaf parsley growth was assessed in this study. The population densities of M. arenaria ranged from 0 to 64 eggs + second-stage juveniles (J2)/cm3 soil in sterile sandbags. The root gall index (RGI), reproduction factor (RF), fresh leaf weight (FLW), dry leaf weight (DLW), root fresh weight (RFW), root length (RL), leaf height (LH), and chlorophyll index (SPAD) were determined at 90 days after inoculation. FLW, DLW, RFW, LH, and SPAD data were fitted to the Seinhorst equation, y = m + (1 - m) zPi-T, to determine the tolerance limit T = 0.25 eggs +J2/cm3 soil for FLW, DLW, RFW, and LH, with relative means (m) of 0.52, 0.24, 0.22, and 0.4 respectively; conversely, the T value for SPAD was 0.125 eggs + J2/cm3 soil and with a m of 0.26. All biometric variables decreased with an increase in the initial population density (Pi). Nevertheless, the highest RF of M. arenaria in parsley was 78.92 for a Pi = 8 eggs + J2/cm3 soil, with an RGI value of 5 from Pi = 1 eggs + J2/cm3. Curly leaf parsley growth decreased with an increase in Pi of M. arenaria.
Aguas residuales de industria láctea como alternativa sostenible para aumentar la productividad del maíz en Perú
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa Perú, Del Carpio Salas Miguel Angel , Ancco Midwar ,   Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa Perú, Linares Flores Castro Antonio Erick ,   Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa Perú, Ancco-Loza Rodolfo ,   Universidad Nacional del Altiplano Puno, Perú., Jimenez Pacheco Hugo Guillermo ,   Universidad Católica de Santa María, Arequipa Perú
Published: February 2021

Corn (Zea Mays) is the most cultivated cereal in the world and this is a staple food for human beings that is why in recent years they are looking for alternatives to improve their production. On the other hand, whey is a residual effluent from the dairy industry generally eliminated in sewage, however, due to its high organic load it can be used to produce different biofertilizers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect on the production of the corn crop when applying a biofertilizer obtained by anaerobic fermentation of whey and bovine manure. The study was conducted between October 2018 and February 2019, in the experimental area of the Calaspam association, located in Majes, Arequipa-Peru. A complete randomized block experimental design was used in a 2×4 factorial scheme composed by three biofertilizer treatments (6.9 and 12 LBF/water) and a control treatment with three replicates applied with an average flow rate of 1.5 Lha-1. Morphological, post-harvest and economic indicators were determined, as well as the chlorophyll content. Results indicate that biofertilizer treatments improved the indicators studied. The third treatment shows higher values in all the indicators compared to the other treatments, being the values of yield (79,29±7,33 103 kgha-1) and marginal return rate (85,73%) the most outstanding. It is concluded that the biofertilizer obtained from bovine manure and whey has a positive effect on corn production and its application is economically viable.
The Meaning of Value Symbols in the Novel Api Tauhid by Habiburahman El Shirazy: Charles Sanders Pierce's Semiotic Study
Authors: Asmanijar Wiya , J. Waluyo Herman , Rohmadi Muhammad
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to describe how to analyze the meaning of religious value symbolsthat existed in the main character (Fahmi) in Novel Api Tauhid by Habiburahman El Shirazy. The method used in this research was a qualitative narrative with Charles Sanders Pierce's semiotic approach. The data of this research was the result of studying the meaning of religious value symbols in the novel with Pierce's semiotic approach and the data source was Novel Api Tauhid by Habiburahman El Shirazy. The data collection technique used in this study was document analysis. The validity of the data used was theoretical triangulation. The results of this research described the study of the meaning of religious values symbols in Novel Api Tauhid with Pierce's semiotic approach.
The Effect of Job Satisfaction, Leader Member Exchange to Change Commitment with Work Motivation as Mediator
Authors: Prasetyo Catur , Verawati Lora Januarita , Murti Tri Ratna
Published: February 2021

This study aims to obtain a model of the structural relationship between change commitment, work motivation, job satisfaction and leader member exchange in BPJS Health Jakarta. The variables in this study are exogenous variables consisting of job satisfaction and leader member exchange, the mediator variable is work motivation and the endogenous variable is change commitment. As a hypothesis in this study is a theoretical model of the effect of job satisfaction and leader member exchange on change commitment with work motivation as mediator match (fit) with empirical data on BPJS Health employees in Jakarta. The research subjects were 250 BPJS Health employees in Jakarta. The data collection technique was carried out with the Hersovitch and Meyer's Commitment for Organizational Change Scale, the work motivation scale constructed by the author, the Job Satisfaction Scale from Janićijević, Kovačević and Petrović, and the LMX Scale from Greguras and Ford. The data analysis technique was carried out using SEM (Structural Equation Model) which processing was carried out using the Lisrel (Linear Structural Relationship) program. The results showed that the theoretical model of the effect of job satisfaction, leader member exchange to change commitment with work motivation as mediator matched (fit) with empirical data, with NFI values of 0.97, CFI of 0.98 and RFI of 0.96.
Perennial Philosophy in the Intellectual Foundations of Seyyed Hossein Nasr and Titus Burckhardt
Authors: Davar Mohamad M , Mohamadi Salamian Fatemeh
Published: February 2021

Perennial philosophy holds that there is something hidden in all transcendent matters that does not belong to a particular period of history and to a particular geographical location. Rather, it exists at all times and is transferred from one period to another as a tradition. Therefore, the term tradition in Perennial philosophy is the same as the sacred intellect that lies in the institution of all these transcendent affairs. Among the thinkers who sought to discover the foundations of Perennial philosophy were Seyyed Hossein Nasr and Titus Burckhardt. Perennial philosophy and traditionalist views have always formed the main and deep theories of these two thinkers. It can also be argued that the traditionalist view of the world has influenced all of Nasr and Burckhardt’s scientific theories. What has been studied in this article is the study and analysis of the views and opinions of Seyyed Hossein Nasr and Titus Burckhardt about Perennial philosophy, and the purpose of this research is to extract the basics of Perennial philosophy based on the views of these two thinkers among their works.
The Use of Student Worksheets Based on a Science Approach in Internalizing the Attitudes and Character of Elementary School Students
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Astuti Nelly , Utami Ningtias Ika Wulandari , Izzatika Amrina
Published: February 2021

The implementation of the 2013 Curriculum is a real step for the Indonesian government in improving the quality of human resources in the era of globalization. The curriculum has the concept of an integrated learning system between spiritual attitudes, social attitudes, skills and knowledge. However, in its implementation in the classroom, there are many inconsistencies in the learning concept with the curriculum, especially in the application of attitude and character learning. For that we need a media that can support the implementation of the internalization of students' attitudes and characters in learning, one of which is student worksheets based on a scientific approach. This study aims to determine the effect of using scientific approach-based student worksheets on the internalization of students' attitudes and character. Participants involved in this study were 54 elementary school students in Metro City, Lampung Province, Indonesia. The research was conducted with a mix method, through direct observation and tests. The results showed that there were attitudes and characters that emerged during the learning process using student worksheets based on a scientific approach at the stages of observing, asking questions, collecting information, analyzing data, and communicating the results of data analysis. Meanwhile, quantitative analysis using the Chi Square Test shows that there are significant differences in learning outcomes when using student worksheets based on a scientific approach. Based on these results, student worksheets based on a scientific approach can be used to internalize the attitudes and character of students.
Character Education in Novel Mendayung Impian and Chiangmai by Reyhan M Abdurrohman
Authors: Mar'ah Tahrirul , Waluyo Herman J , Suhita Raheni
Published: February 2021

This study aims to describe the character education in the novel Mendayung Impian and Chiang Mai. The novel Mendayung Impian contains the persistence of a character to achieve goals, while the Chiang Mai novel contains the search for the identity of a young man in facing life. The method used in this research is qualitative research. The validity of the data is in the form of theoretical triangulation. The results of this study are that there are three values of character education that stand out, namely hard work, social care, and being friendly.
Study of Changes in Geospatial Based Land Use in Ambarawa District, Pringsewu Regency
Authors: Miswar Dedy , Halengkara Listumbinang , Sugiyanta I Gede , Al Azhari Ahmad Sahid
Published: February 2021

Ambarawa District has allegedly experienced many changes in land use. Changes in land use in Ambarawa District are dominated by changes in agricultural land to non-agricultural land. This is because the land in Ambarawa District is influenced by the role of its inhabitatns in utilizing the land so that it has an impact on land use change. This study aims to determine changes in land use, the factors that influence land use changes, the direction of development and what types of use changes are most dominant in Ambarawa District, Pringsewu Regency. The method used in this research is survei and image interpretation by looking at changes in land use in each area. The population used in this study were all villages in Ambarawa District, totaling 8 villages which were suspected of experiencing changes in land use. Collecting data in this study is a descriptive geospatial approach through the overlay technique of land use spatial data. The results showed that there was a change in land use in Ambarawa District year 2014-2019 covering an area of 2.195,8 ha (70,83%), which was caused by social and economic factors, namely the increase in population and workers and the direction of land use changes to the west and east.
Effects of a national policy advocating rational drug use on decreases in outpatient antibiotic prescribing rates in Thailand
Authors: Waleekhachonloet Onanong , Rattanachotphanit Thananan , Limwattananon Chulaporn , Thammatacharee Noppakun , Limwattananon Supon
Published: February 2021

Objective: This study examined the effects of a national policy advocating rational drug use (RDU), namely, the ‘RDU Service Plan’, starting in fiscal year 2017 and implemented by the Thai Ministry of Public Health (MOPH), on trends in antibiotic prescribing rates for outpatients. The policy was implemented subsequent to a voluntary campaign involving 136 hospitals, namely, the ‘RDU Hospital Project’, which was implemented during fiscal years 2014-2016.

Methods: Hospital-level antibiotic prescribing rates in fiscal years 2014-2019 for respiratory infections, acute diarrhea, and fresh wounds were aggregated for two hospital groups using equally weighted averages: early adopters of RDU activities through the RDU Hospital Project and late adopters under the RDU Service Plan. Pre-/post-policy annual changes in the prescribing levels and trends were compared between the two groups using an interrupted time-series analysis.

Results: In fiscal years 2014-2016, decreases in antibiotic prescribing rates for respiratory infections and acute diarrhea in both groups reflected a trend that existed before the RDU Service Plan was implemented. The immediate effect of the RDU Service Plan policy occurred in fiscal year 2017, when the prescribing level among the late adopters dropped abruptly for all three conditions with a greater magnitude than in the decrease among the early adopters, despite nonsignificant differences. The medium-term effect of the RDU Service Plan was identified through a further decreasing trend during fiscal years 2017-2019 for all conditions in both groups, except for acute diarrhea among the early adopters.

Conclusions: The national policy on rational drug use effectively reduced antibiotic prescribing for common but questionable outpatient conditions.
Aprendizaje y legitimación: sobre fe y conocimiento en También una historia de la filosofía de Jürgen Habermas
Authors: Fonti Diego
Published: February 2021

El último libro de Habermas, Auch eine Geschichte der Philosophie (2019), se propone reconstruir la genealogía histórica del pensamiento postmetafísico desde una perspectiva notable: la relación de creencia y conocimiento. En este trabajo se exponen dos elementos centrales de esta relación. En primer lugar, se analiza la noción de “proceso de aprendizaje”, su modo de operar en la historia del pensamiento y las instituciones, la progresiva “lingüistificación” de los contenidos de fe, las influencias de la interrelación de fe y conocimiento en los procesos de aprendizaje, y el rol de la filosofía en esa historia. Habermas muestra cómo este proceso caracteriza la actividad que dio lugar al pensamiento postmetafísico, excede los límites europeos de su origen, y al mismo tiempo deviene operativo para pensar toda relación en un contexto postsecular. En segundo lugar, se presenta un aspecto particular vinculado con la filosofía práctica: los procesos de legitimación de las normas, instituciones y decisiones. En este sentido, se analiza el paso que la relación de creencia y conocimiento permitió en los problemas de legitimación política, moral y legal. Se mostrarán los principales hitos de los tres campos, su interrelación, y los paradigmas que fundamentaron las posiciones. Se mostrará cómo Habermas encuentra el origen de su posición universalista y procedimental en un recorrido donde la reflexión teológica sobre la experiencia religiosa es imprescindible. A lo largo de este recorrido se muestra el rol que Habermas considera todavía válido para el discurso religioso en el contexto secular. Finalmente se ofrecerá una breve reflexión crítica.
Healing potentials of Marigold flower (Tagetes erecta) on full thickness dermal wound in caprine model
Authors: SULTANA Ajmary , HASAN Mahadi , RAHMAN Marzia , ALAM Md. Mahmudul
Published: February 2021

Objectives: In the modern days multiple drug resistance has been developed against many microbes due to the random use of existing antimicrobial drugs in the treatment of infectious diseases. This paves the way for reconsidering traditional medicine; hence we have carried out to evaluate the wound healing potentials of Marigold flower (Tagetes erecta) in the surgical wound model in black Bengal goats.
Methods: A total of sixteen surgical wounds were made in eight goats under proper restraint and analgesia. Wounds were topically treated with Marigold flower paste (Group A) and normal saline (Group B, control). Post-treatment information was recorded from day 1 to day 21. Planimetric features such as swelling of the wound area, elevation of suture line, and length of the wound were monitored. Histopathological and in vivo anti-microbial studies were also investigated.
Results: Results revealed that aqueous paste of Tagetes erecta flower modulated inflammation and promoted wound contraction leading to earlier healing than those with saline. Histological findings highlighted the normal cutaneous architecture of the marigold treated wound more than that appeared in the saline-treated wound. The antibacterial study revealed that the aqueous paste of marigold flower was highly effective against Staphylococcus aureus which is the ubiquitous bacterial pathogen both in humans and animals.
Conclusions: These results, thus, demonstrate that the aqueous paste of Tagetes erecta flower possesses wound healing activities and it could be a potential candidate for the treatment of dermal wounds by topical application.
Ethnobotanic of Pest Preventing Plants Oryza sativa L. by The Baduy Tribe Community in Leuwidamar District, Lebak Banten, Indonesia
Authors: Alwi Akhmad Bashori , Minarno Eko Budi , Rahmah Azizatur , Shonhaji Achmad , Adawiyah Robiatul
Published: February 2021

Baduy people have local wisdom about the use of plants, among others, as ingredients to prevent the presence of rice pests (Oryza sativa L.). the importance of these pest-preventing plants to produce allelopathy in order to prevent rice pests (Oryza sativa L.). To find out what plants are used by Baduy people, this research is necessary. Exploration of pest control plants is carried out using the PEA (Participatory Ethnobotanical Appraisal) approach, besides that it also uses survey methods and open interview techniques. The results of the survey were 21 non-key informants and 5 key-informants from the Outer Baduy community and 12 non-key informants and 1 key informant from the Inner Baduy community, 35 species from 22 plant families were used in all rituals to prevent the presence of rice pests. . Plants that have similarities in usage by the Outer Baduy and Inner Baduy are Bamboo Wuluh leaves (Schyzostachyum iraten), Noni leaves (Morinda citrifolia), Bemban (Donax canniformis), Walang leaves (Achasma walang Val.) And Langge leaves (Homalomena cordata) . The percentages of plant organs used to prevent the presence of rice pests are leaves (77%), stems (17%) and fruit (6%). The method of processing plants as raw material for rice pest prevention ingredients is to cut them in small volumes / chop (39.74%), pound (52.56%), ferment (3.85%) and burn (3.85%). Baduy rituals in preventing the presence of rice pests include 5 types namely Ngubaran Samara Pungpuhunan ("Treatment" of Main Plants), Ngubaran Cangkudu ("Treatment" of Noni), Ngubaran Bangban ("Treatment" of Bemban / Donax canniformis), Fumigation, and Leuit Susumpingan (Lumbung offerings)