bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TOQUE DE AXÉ: UM OLHAR SOBRE AS ESPACIALIDADES UMBANDISTAS
Authors: Pereira Rogério Amaral
Published: August 2019

As manifestações umbandistas assentadas na cidade de Rio Grande-RS são de uma riqueza ímpar. E direcionar o olhar para a devoção é transitar no mundo do sagrado e de suas linguagens espacializadas, as quais compõem as sacralidades urbanas.  Refletir sobre a musicalidade religiosa leva à incidência da existencialidade humana, ou seja, de um encontro preso não só ao caráter institucional, mas ao pertencer do indivíduo praticante religioso como ser capaz na sua forma de relacionar-se com o mundo.  Assim, o presente artigo objetiva a reflexão sobre a espacialidade cultural religiosa e a sua relação com a musicalidade dos praticantes religiosos. Com isto, o estudo é composto pela observação e investigação de três comunidades religiosas umbandistas rio-grandinas: o Centro Espiritualista “Reino de São Jorge”, o Centro Espiritualista “Tenda de São Jorge” e o Centro Espírita de Umbanda “Cristo Redentor”, realizadas entre os anos de 2013 e 2015, as quais compuseram o cabedal de pesquisa de campo. Neste sentido, a pesquisa consiste ainda no diálogo geográfico, pautado na exposição das falas dos praticantes umbandistas entrevistados que permitiram pressupostos para análise das lembranças devocionais e suas espacialidades, na compreensão das manifestações sociais, onde são cultivadas as devoções.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SUPLEMEN KALSIUM DALAM PENCEGAHAN PREEKLAMPSI PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER 2
Authors: Setiawati Iin
Published: August 2019

During pregnancy, the need for increasedcalcium intake. Adequate calcium intake can reducethe risk of preeclampsia. the survey results ofpreliminary studies in Polindes Asemjaran Banyuates over the pastthree months, Found that three pregnant womendetected preeclampsia from a total of 57 pregnantwomen (5.26%). The purpose of the study to analyzethe effectiveness of calcium in pregnant women topreventing preeclampsia in the working area ofPolindes Asemjaran Banyuates. The research design used was QuasiEksperimen with Non Equivalent Control Groupapproach. The independent variable is CalciumSupplementation and dependence is the Occurrenceof Preeclampsi on Trimester 2 Pregnant Woman. Thesample of this study is trimester 2 pregnant womenwho are at risk of experiencing preeclampsia thatmeet the criteria. The instrument was used theobservation sheet, and analyzed using ParametricTest if qualified and non-parameteric test if notqualified with a 0.05. The result of statistical test in both dose group500 mg and 1000 mg with Paired T-Test wasobtained p value (0,941)> α (0,05) in 500 mg dosegroup and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test result p value(0,105) > a ( 0.05) at a dose of 1000 mg the meanings H1 and H2 are rejected, there is no differencebefore and after given calcium supplement dose 500mg or 1000 mg to prevent preeclampsi. While in theposttest test with Mann Whitney Test in both groupsobtained results p Value (0.105)> α (0.05), it can beconcluded that supplementation of calcium dose 500mg and 1000 mg not effective to preventpreeclampsia. Calcium supplementation of 1000 mg and 500mg doses has not been proven statistically effectiven preventing preeclampsia. Further research isrecommended to increase the number of samples, sothat the research results will be visible and can begeneralized to all pregnant women.
Efectos de la introducción progresiva de los inhibidores de la calcineurina en la función renal de una cohorte de pacientes que recibieron trasplante de hígado
Authors: Espinoza Herrera Yeinis Paola , Restrepo Gutiérrez Juan Carlos , Zuleta Tobón John Jairo , Marín Zuluaga Juan Ignacio , Muñoz Maya Octavio Germán , Hoyos Duque Sergio Iván , Guzmán Luna Carlos , Mena Hurtado Álvaro , Correa Arango Gonzalo
Published: August 2019

Introducción: la enfermedad renal aguda (ERA) se presenta en el postrasplante de hígado con una incidencia que varía de 12-64%, con una mortalidad intrahospitalaria asociada de 40-67%. Este estudio utiliza los criterios RIFLE para analizar el efecto del esquema inmunosupresor con inhibidores de la calcineurina en la aparición de ERA en los primeros quince días postrasplante de hígado. También evalúa el protocolo de introducción tardía y progresiva de los medicamentos inhibidores de la calcineurina (CNi) como estrategia para disminuir la incidencia de ERA postrasplante.

Métodos: estudio analítico de cohortes de 163 pacientes con trasplante de hígado.

Resultados: ciento sesenta y tres pacientes cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión del estudio con un promedio de edad de 51 (46-56) años. De éstos, sólo 11 (6.74%) presentaron ERA postrasplante. Ciclosporina fue administrada a 126 (77.3%) de los pacientes trasplantados y tacrolimus a 21 (12.88%). Inmediatamente después del trasplante los pacientes fueron clasificados en dos grupos: pacientes con riesgo alto de desarrollar ERA y pacientes sin problemas renales. A los primeros se les inició el CNi a partir del tercer día postrasplante y a los últimos entre seis y 18 horas después del trasplante, a una dosis que se aumentó gradualmente

Conclusiones: la introducción tardía y progresiva de los CNi podría ser una estrategia efectiva para disminuir la incidencia de ERA en el postrasplante de hígado
Biomechanical Comparison of Suture Techniques in Radial Meniscal Tears Using Gap Configuration Analysis
Authors: Lee Sang Soo , Lee Myung Chul , Lee Jun Hyuck , Kim Tae Woo
Published: August 2019

Vertical, horizontal, and cross sutures have not been compared simultaneously in double suture fashion for the repair of radial meniscal tears. This study compared suture strength among these 3 techniques using gap configuration analysis. Biomechanical testing was performed on 60 matched and paired porcine menisci that were repaired with 2 stitches of vertical, horizontal, and cross sutures. The specimens were cyclically loaded 500 times at 5 to 30 N, and central, peripheral, and total gap distance were measured. After completing cyclic load testing, the specimens were loaded to failure. Double vertical sutures demonstrated significantly lower total and central gap displacement than cross and double horizontal sutures (
P
<.05). However, there was no significant difference in peripheral gap formation within each group (
P
=.53). Ultimate failure load and stiffness were significantly greater for double vertical sutures (146.3 N) than for cross (113.8 N) and double horizontal sutures (107.2 N) (
P
<.05). Stiffness also was significantly increased for double vertical sutures (14.6 N/mm) compared with cross (11.3 N/mm) and double horizontal sutures (10.7 N/mm) (
P
<.05). There was no significant difference in biomechanical properties between cross and double horizontal sutures. Double vertical sutures showed superior mechanical properties compared with cross and double horizontal sutures in repair of radial meniscal tears, especially in the central zone. These biomechanical properties should be considered when determining appropriate rehabilitation protocols for each suture technique. [
Orthopedics
. 2019; 42(5):e443–e448.]
Evaluating Social Change Games
Authors: Campbell Laurie O , Gunter Glenda A , Kenny Robert F
Published: August 2019

The RETAIN Model is a game design and evaluation model for serious games. In this study, educators evaluated social change web-based and mobile app games using the RETAIN model rubric. In general, web-based games scored higher on the RETAIN rubric than their mobile app counterparts. In addition, the educators analyzed the social change games for their “hidden curriculum.” In some cases, the rubric and “hidden curriculum” contributed to educators altering the way they used the games they had appraised by supplementing context, incorporating discussion, or not using the games at all. The RETAIN model rubric offered educators a tool to evaluate digital games.
Domain Adaptation for Crisis Data Using Correlation Alignment and Self-Training
Authors: Li Hongmin , Sopova Oleksandra , Caragea Doina , Caragea Cornelia
Published: August 2019

Domain adaptation methods have been introduced for auto-filtering disaster tweets to address the issue of lacking labeled data for an emerging disaster. In this article, the authors present and compare two simple, yet effective approaches for the task of classifying disaster-related tweets. The first approach leverages the unlabeled target disaster data to align the source disaster distribution to the target distribution, and, subsequently, learns a supervised classifier from the modified source data. The second approach uses the strategy of self-training to iteratively label the available unlabeled target data, and then builds a classifier as a weighted combination of source and target-specific classifiers. Experimental results using Naïve Bayes as the base classifier show that both approaches generally improve performance as compared to baseline. Overall, the self-training approach gives better results than the alignment-based approach. Furthermore, combining correlation alignment with self-training leads to better result, but the results of self-training are still better.
A Hybrid Domain Adaptation Approach for Identifying Crisis-Relevant Tweets
Authors: Mazloom Reza , Li Hongmin , Caragea Doina , Caragea Cornelia , Imran Muhammad
Published: August 2019

Huge amounts of data generated on social media during emergency situations is regarded as a trove of critical information. The use of supervised machine learning techniques in the early stages of a crisis is challenged by the lack of labeled data for that event. Furthermore, supervised models trained on labeled data from a prior crisis may not produce accurate results, due to inherent crisis variations. To address these challenges, the authors propose a hybrid feature-instance-parameter adaptation approach based on matrix factorization, k-nearest neighbors, and self-training. The proposed feature-instance adaptation selects a subset of the source crisis data that is representative for the target crisis data. The selected labeled source data, together with unlabeled target data, are used to learn self-training domain adaptation classifiers for the target crisis. Experimental results have shown that overall the hybrid domain adaptation classifiers perform better than the supervised classifiers learned from the original source data.
Orphan Node Connected Management in Multi-Hop Clustering-Based Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Jerbi Wassim , Guermazi Abderrahmen , Trabelsi Hafedh
Published: August 2019

In distributed clustering protocols, the selection of a cluster head CH presents a major constraint to the proper functioning of the network. Generally, the process begins with a random choice of CHs at the time of cluster formation. A selective process is then used based on a probabilistic or iterative calculation in order to choose the different CHs. This approach leads to a non-uniform distribution of the different CHs. Indeed, in some cycles, the CHs may be concentrated in a part of the monitored area, some CH nodes fail to reach its neighbor CH. They are considered as isolated nodes in the network. The major contribution of this article is to propose a solution to maximize the number of nodes connected to the networks, in order to have an improved connectivity. However, the coverage of the entire monitored area can provide persistent information to WSN applications. The work in this paper resulted in the design and development of a new distributed clustering protocol called Orphan_Nodes_Connected (ONC) protocol that significantly improves the connectivity of the monitored area.
Fiber-Optic Based Solutions for Long-Tunnels Radio Coverage and Surveillance
Authors: Nahas Mousaab M.
Published: August 2019

This article proposes fiber-optic based solutions for radio coverage and surveillance inside long road tunnels. The study is suitable for application in areas where many long mountain tunnels exist such as the well-known city of Mecca and its surrounding pilgrimage places. These particular tunnels accommodate plenty of vehicles and pedestrians during the pilgrimage period while the wireless coverage inside the tunnels is at risk and is totally lost far from the tunnel entrances. This in turn hinders emergency communications during the rush times. This research discusses ways to enhance the communication and surveillance ability inside such tunnels so that risks and accidents can be prevented, thus large number of pilgrims can be saved.
Improving Park Maintenance Efficiency Using a Mobile Application
Authors: Trenholm Ryan , Lawrence Ramon
Published: August 2019

This article describes the construction and evaluation of a mobile application for use by park maintenance personnel that features an interactive map allowing for real time positioning of the user in relation to equipment locations, and the ability to create, view, and edit maintenance logs. The application was evaluated by the Park Services department of the City of Kelowna in Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada. The results of the study demonstrate that numerous tasks, especially locating equipment and logging maintenance, can be more efficient using mobile technology. Further, technicians are receptive to the introduction of technology in their work schedules and find it easy to integrate into their routines. An analysis of the time savings shows that the technology may save technicians 15 to 50 minutes daily which translates to thousands of dollars annually in savings per technician and increased productivity rates.
Women in STEM Workplaces and Computer-Mediated Communication
Authors: Burleson Seterra D. , Tyler Whitney A. , Major Debra A. , Reynoldson Katelyn R.
Published: August 2019

As women have the potential to bring unique perspectives to the workplace, the under-representation of women in STEM occupations is a severe limitation to global advancement through research and innovation. Workplace utilization of computer-mediated communication (CMC) may impact common barriers faced by women in STEM, such as stereotypes, a “chilly” workplace climate, lack of social support and mentorship opportunities, and work-family conflict. As organizations shift further into the use of virtual communication, it is essential to take advantage of CMC as a way to facilitate gender equality in the workplace while simultaneously mitigating barriers workplace CMC may present for women in STEM. The potential implications of workplace virtual communication, virtual teams, e-mentoring, cyber incivility, and telecommuting for women in STEM careers are discussed.
Ensuring Privacy of Participants Recruited via Social Media
Authors: Unnithan Chandana , Swatman Paula M , Kelder Jo-Anne
Published: August 2019

Researchers worldwide are increasingly looking to recruit research participants via social media (particularly @Facebook and @Twitter) because they appear to offer access to a wider range of research participants and afford inherently convenient tools for recruitment. In Australia, the National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research, together with the federal Privacy law and a number of state-based privacy statutes, provide support and guidance for this novel approach. This article offers a preliminary analysis and discussion of this trend from an Australian perspective, illustrated by an enquiry into the ethical challenges posed by social media-based recruitment, conducted in an Australian university in 2015. Leximancer™ was used as an analytical tool and the content from social media sites used for a small number of research studies conducted up to 2015, taken in conjunction with the various national human research ethics guidelines, offered a means of understanding how ethical challenges of privacy and anonymity can be addressed for responsible social media-based research.
Dotação: o que a teoria histórico-cultural tem a dizer
Authors: Fuhr Ingrid Lilian , Ximenes Penélope
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir as concepções do diagnóstico de dotação, referido na literatura brasileira pelos termos "superdotação/altas habilidades", em contraponto ao entendimento deste conceito na teoria história-cultural de Vigotski. Concorda-se com o entendimento expresso por Gagné (2009) de que mundialmente existe um caos conceitual em relação ao termo dotação. Para a elaboração do texto utilizou-se como referência os documentos institucionais das políticas de estado brasileiro, os principais autores que discutem sobre a temática, as concepções da teoria histórico-cultural sobre o assunto e um breve relato de dois casos clínicos de crianças com o diagnóstico de dotação. As reflexões ensejadas pelo texto apontam carência de clareza quanto ao termo dotação, exacerbada pela legislação brasileira que criou termos como “superdotação/altas habilidades", tomando por base o sucesso escolar/acadêmico. A concepção histórico-cultural traz um novo olhar sobre os estudos na área da dotação.Palavras-chave: Dotação. Diagnóstico. Teoria histórico-cultural.
Teoria da brincadeira na psicologia histórico-cultural
Authors: Smirnova Elena , Riabkova Irina
Published: August 2019

O artigo expõe a teoria da brincadeira infantil de L. S. Vigotski de acordo com a qual o principal indício da brincadeira é a criação da situação imaginária e a substituição de objetos e personagens reais por imaginários. O texto mostra que a existência da brincadeira está ligada ao surgimento de afetos generalizados que fazem emergir a realização imaginária dos desejos infantis, ou seja, a unidade afeto e intelecto. Analisamos o papel da brincadeira com roteiro e a de papéis, de D. B. Elkonin - aluno e seguidor de Vigotski. São apresentados tipos de brincadeiras com roteiros (processuais, com papéis, dirigidas, de acontecimentos). Na parte final do artigo, são analisadas as principais diferenças dos estudos sobre a brincadeira entre a psicologia russa e a ocidental.Palavras-chave: Psicologia Histórico-Cultural. Brincadeira. Imaginação.
Intencionalidade e organização na Educação Infantil: possibilidades para desenvolvimento da imaginação na infância
Authors: Chaves Marta , Stein Vinícius , Bezerra Janaína Pereira Duarte
Published: August 2019

Neste texto propomos uma reflexão sobre as intervenções pedagógicas na Educação Infantil que possam favorecer o desenvolvimento das funções psicológicas superiores das crianças, em especial a imaginação. Nosso objetivo foi compreender como ocorre o desenvolvimento da imaginação. A concepção de desenvolvimento humano exposta é amparada por estudos dos pressupostos da Ciência da História e da Teoria Histórico-Cultural. Na pesquisa, com delineamento bibliográfico, priorizamos o texto “Imaginação e Criação na Infância” refletindo sobre as proposições apresentadas nele por Lev Semionovich Vigotski (1896-1934). Entendemos que o estudo do referido texto pode contribuir para a formação de professores, seja inicial ou contínua, mediante a compreensão científica do desenvolvimento da imaginação de crianças.Palavras-Chave: Teoria Histórico-Cultural, Educação Infantil, Imaginação.
Resenha: Sete aulas de L.S. Vigotski sobre os fundamentos da pedologia
Authors: Stein Vinicius , Nunes Elizane Assis
Published: August 2019

VIGOTSKI, L.S. Sete aulas de L. S. Vigotski sobre os fundamentos da pedologia. Organização [e tradução] Zoia Prestes, Elizabeth Tunes; tradução Claudia da Costa Guimarães Santana. - 1. ed. - Rio de Janeiro: E-Papers, 2018.
Resenha: A pedologia Histórico-Cultural de Vigotski
Authors: Garcia Avany Aparecida , Nunes Elizane Assis , Guimarães Estela Maris
Published: August 2019

SANTANA, C. C. G. A pedologia Histórico-Cultural de Vigotski. São Carlos: Pedro e João Editores, 2016. 254p.
A radiographic criteria checklist to determine reasons for errors, resulting in sub-optimal routine shoulder projections
Authors: Sebelego Ida-Keshia , Van der Merwe Belinda , Du Plessis Jeanette
Published: August 2019

Background: Optimal shoulder images must adhere to specific radiographic criteria before they are sent to the radiologist for reporting. Repeat x-rays of the shoulder may increase radiation exposure to the patient.Aim: The aims of this study were to determine whether images adhered to the required radiographic criteria for routine shoulder imaging and to identify possible reasons for non-adherence.Setting: The study was conducted at an imaging department at a tertiary academic hospital in Bloemfontein, South Africa.Methods: A criteria checklist compiled from literature was used to evaluate 578 routine shoulder images including anteroposterior (AP) with external rotation and lateral-Y (LAT-Y) projections. The checklist determined whether the shoulder images adhered to the criteria with regard to the anatomy included, positioning and technical factors, such as inclusion of the correct anatomical lead marker. Data were analysed using SAS Version 9.2 statistical software.Results: More than 80% of the AP external rotation images included unnecessary anatomical structures owing to incorrect centring. In four out of seven criteria pertaining to positioning for AP external rotation imaging, at least 70% of images were performed incorrectly. Four-sided collimation was not present in more than 50% of both AP external rotation and LAT-Y images because of incorrect centring, while more than 30% of shoulder images presented with anatomical digital markers.Conclusion: The application of criteria required for shoulder imaging must be addressed at the participating imaging department to improve overall patient care. An in-service training session is recommended to enhance the radiographic technique with regard to routine shoulder projections.
Diagnostic accuracy of tri-ponderal mass index and body mass index in estimating overweight and obesity in South African children
Authors: Moselakgomo Violet K. , Van Staden Marlise
Published: August 2019

Background: Prevalence of obesity in youths has drastically increased in both industrialised and non-industrialised countries, and this transition resulted in an increased prevalence of chronic diseases.Aim: The study aimed to comparatively examine prevalence of overweight and obesity status based on tri-ponderal mass index and body mass index in estimating body fat levels in South African children.Setting: The study was conducted in Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa.Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 1361 (boys: n = 678; girls: n = 683) children aged 9–13 years was undertaken. The children’s age and sex-related measurements of body weight, waist-to-height ratio, waist-to-hip ratio, triceps skinfold, subscapular skinfolds and sum of skinfold were taken using the International Society for Advancement of Kinanthropometry protocol. TMI and BMI calculations classified children according to weight and age categories. Descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlations and multiple linear regression analyses were set at ≤ 0.05.Results: Obesity classifications on TMI and BMI among children were as follows: Boys: 7.3%, 2.6%; 2.2%, 0.7%; Girls: 4.0%, 1.0%; 1.8%, 0.6%. Body weight, WHtR, WHpR, TSKF, SSKF and ΣSKF significantly correlated with TMI (r = 0.40, p 0.001; r = 0.73, p 0.001; r = −0.09, p 0.001; r = 0.50, p 0.001; r = 0.51, p 0.001 and r = 0.52, p 0.001) and BMI (r = 0.81, p 0.001; r = 0.59, p 0.001; r = −0.22, p 0.001; r = 0.63, p 0.001; r = 0.67, p 0.001 and r = 0.66, p 0.001). Regression analysis revealed that body weight, WHtR, WHpR, TSKF, SSKF and ΣSKF accounted for 65% and 85% of variance in children’s TMI (R2 = 0.647, F[6 1354] = 413.977, p 0.001) and BMI (R2 = 0.851, F[6 1354] = 1288.218, p 0.001).Conclusion: TMI revealed strikingly higher incidence of overweight and obesity in South African boys and girls than BMI. Future studies are needed to clarify sensitivity of TMI over BMI in quantifying obesity prevalence in children and adolescents.
Perceptions and expectations of corporate social responsibility: Theoretical issues and empirical findings
Authors: Coldwell D. A.L.
Published: August 2019

This paper focuses on the issue of differences in individual perceptions and expectations of corporate social performance (CSP). Business research has indicated, somewhat equivocally, that there is evidence to support possible causal relationships between CSP, corporate reputation (CR) and financial performance (CFP). The paper analyses these relationships with regard to various causal explanatory models delineated by Carroll and Buchholtz (2000). Specifically, the paper considers the theoretical possibility of CR being a moderating variable in the relationship between CSP and CFP.The paper reports the findings of an empirical study of University students’ perceptions regarding CSP in South Africa, which show that significant differences between black and white student expectations of CSP exist. The findings are discussed with regard to building a tentative theoretical model of CR.
Due diligence neglected: managing human resources and organisational culture in mergers and acquisitions
Authors: Horwitz F. M. , Anderssen K. , Bezuidenhout A. , Cohen S. , Kirsten F. , Mosoeunyane K. , Smith N. , Thole K. , Van Heerden A.
Published: August 2019

The aim of this article is to identify attributes of organisational culture and human resource practices required for successful transitions in mergers and acquisitions. Using primary data from five case studies on mergers and acquisitions, findings show that where neglect of two key ‘soft’ due diligence factors of cultural and human resource compatibility occurs, transition and effective integration of the new entity is hampered. The need for a coherent integration plan including joint teams, effective communication and other appropriate human resource practices is considered vital for successful acculturation. A model for both managerial policy and further research is proposed.
Implied volatility and warrant issuing strategies: Some evidence from the Johannesburg Stock Exchange
Authors: Koorts T. T. , Smit E. V.D.M.
Published: August 2019

Financial institutions have extended their competitive realm through issuing warrants as retail products. By comparing products from different financial institutions which are similar in all respects, but are differently priced through different implied volatilities, market inefficiencies are demonstrated. Competition between issuers lead to clearly identifiable market strategies. It is further argued that issuers, by providing less than complete market information, have developed a position of relative strength, compared to the buyers of warrants.
Employer-of-choice branding for knowledge workers
Authors: Sutherland M. M. , Torricelli D. G. , Karg R. F.
Published: August 2019

Attracting knowledge workers is recognised as a critical success factor by organisations. In order to succeed in the war for talent many organisations realise they need to brand themselves as employers of choice. This research established the factors knowledge workers regard as important organisational attributes when seeking an employer and what communication channels signal these attributes to knowledge workers.This was a two-phase study involving 274 knowledge workers. Qualitative research identified the organisational attributes desired and the communication channels used. Quantitative research using Factor Analysis, Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U tests established the underlying factors, their order of importance and the significant differences in the target market segmentation.The findings show 11 underlying factors, with career growth and challenging work opportunities being the most desired attributes. Word of mouth and/or current employees are the most used communication channels. Differences in the target market were noted by gender, age and cultural groupings. Recommendations are offered for organisations seeking to become employers of choice.
Measuring cash flow flexibility of companies: The cumulative index-difference
Authors: Steyn B. W. , Hamman W. D. , Smit E. V.D.M.
Published: August 2019

Cash is king. Even a highly profitable company can find itself in search of financing due to a lack of cash to honour its obligations. If this situation is only temporary and external sources of finance are freely available, this cash flow obstacle does not have to be detrimental to the stakeholders of the company.However, if the poor cash position of a company is not temporary, but rather an integral part of its structure and a result of its strategy, stakeholder interest may be at risk. Although insolvency is seldom the outcome, such companies find themselves struggling because of their cash flow inflexibility.The cumulative index-difference aims to identify companies that are cash flow inflexible, in order to enable stakeholders to take timely measures to prevent a negative outcome. With adjustments in strategy and preventative measures taken, the cash flow positions can be improved to prevent a disaster.
Do managers of South African manufacturing firms make optimal capital investment decisions?
Authors: Gilbert E.
Published: August 2019

Managing the deployment of a firm’s assets in the form of capital goods is a vital determinant of a firm’s ability to successfully compete over time. Corporate finance theory clearly prescribes a rule to ensure the optimality of these decisions: all capital investment decisions should be evaluated through the use of the net present value (NPV) rule while project specific risk should be incorporated through the adjustment of the discount rate used in the NPV analysis.This paper presents the results of a survey of the capital investment evaluation practices of South African manufacturing firms. The results indicate that the majority of firms surveyed do not use the NPV evaluation technique when making their capital investment decisions. Furthermore, those firms that do use this technique use it in combination with other, theoretically deficient (and redundant) techniques. Finally, they do not adjust for project specific risk as prescribed.
Changes in the provision of health care in South Africa
Authors: Luiz J. , Wessels M.
Published: August 2019

Health care in South Africa is undergoing substantial changes with rising pressure on both the public and private sectors. Medical inflation has been soaring rendering healthcare increasingly unaffordable and medical schemes have had to adapt their traditional business models. This paper looks at the current structure of the healthcare market; it examines the new legislation introduced by government, and assesses future directions of healthcare in South Africa.
Are some fund managers better than others? Manager characteristics and fund performance
Authors: Friis L. B. , Smit E. V.D.M.
Published: August 2019

The research objective has been to find out whether fund manager characteristics help explain fund performance and propensity to risk taking. Eight independent variables; manager age, tenure of the manager with the fund, years of education, whether the manager holds a MBA or CA/CFA qualification, management team size, fund age and fund objective are regressed on measures of fund performance and riskiness.The findings of the study are highly significant and show that fund performance and riskiness are impacted upon by managers’ qualifications. One can expect better risk-adjusted performance from a fund manager who holds a CA/CFA qualification. Results show that these managers outperform managers without these qualifications, while taking on less risk than managers with MBA qualifications.
Fundamental concepts: The solution to contemporary management problems – A sine qua non or non sequitur?
Authors: Naidoo K. K.
Published: August 2019

The last quarter of the 20th century, particularly the last decade - with the advent of more sophisticated technology, rising educational levels amongst workers and globalisation - saw the arrival of a plethora of management tools and theories; and notwithstanding the sometimes their contradictory nature; an even stronger and louder message being spread viz. that management in the 21st century would have a different face from that worn in the 20th century. This paper raises various questions: Is contemporary management theory nothing more than an accumulation of contradictory fads? Can universal management principles be extracted from the accumulated mass of information? Do the classical writers have words of wisdom to impart to the manager of the 21st century? In so doing, this paper traces a trajectory of management thought by examining the place of the seminal work of Chester I Barnard of the classical school of thought, in the light of contemporary trends and problems; and debates the currency of fundamental management principles.
Value chain deconstruction in the United Kingdom retail life insurance industry and resulting strategic options for new entrants to the market
Authors: Dommisse W. R. , Oosthuizen H.
Published: August 2019

Porter coined the term ‘value chain’ in 1985. Since then the concept has found general acceptance within the strategic planning realm. In order to explain changes occurring in industries affected by increased volatility, a thesis of the deconstruction of the value chain is gaining acceptance. This concept is investigated by means of a literature review. The theory is then tested in the turbulent United Kingdom (UK) retail life insurance industry to see if an application can be found. This industry is briefly analysed and the main environmental factors affecting it are investigated. These are a £27 billion per annum savings gap, under-performing equity markets, regulatory influences of depolarisation, stakeholder’s pensions and technological developments mainly as a result of the Internet. The conclusion reached is that the changes are creating at least partial deconstruction. Within this framework the strategic options for new entrants into the UK retail life insurance market are explored.
The syndication of private equity investments in South Africa
Authors: Bent N. , Williams K. , Gilbert E.
Published: August 2019

This paper examines the syndication behaviour of South African private equity and venture capital firms. Three possible rationales for syndication are tested: risk reduction through portfolio diversification (finance rationale), accessing the skills of other firms (resource-based rationale) and improved access to future investment opportunities (deal flow rationale). The finance-based rationale and deal flow rationales are found to be more important than the resource-based rationale. A number of firms additionally list Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) as an additional important reason for syndication. The reasons for syndication behaviour did not vary when small and large firms were considered separately. While firms taking part in start-up investments were more likely to syndicate, their reasons for doing so were not different from those who invest later in the investment life-cycle.While there is currently a low level of syndication of private equity investments in South Africa compared to Europe and the US, most SA firms regard syndication as beneficial and are more likely to syndicate in the future.
The implications of the behaviour of patients in the illness-role on the psychosocial relationship of physiotherapists with their patients
Authors: Van Rooijen A. J.
Published: August 2019

In order for the physiotherapist to adopt a holistic approach in the treatment of her patients, it is necessary for her to bear in mind the patient’s previous experience of the illness-role. This experience will influence the patient’s behaviour in any subsequent illness-role and thus his interpretation of the role of the physiotherapist in the total treatment plan. It follows then that the physiotherapist should critically evaluate the behaviour of her patient in the illness-role while also evaluating the influence of her own behaviour on the patient in order to make treatment effective.
Role of ultrasound in the imaging of parotid swellings
Authors: Wang W. T. , Ahuja A. T. , Metreweli C.
Published: August 2019

This pictorial essay details anatomy of the normal parotid as well as a spectrum of intra- and extraparotid pathology. Extraparotid lesions which mimic aparotid swelling are well characterised on ultrasound.  In addition, sonographic features of intraparotid neoplasms, inflammation and infection are also illustrated. We recommend ultrasound as a useful first line approach in the evaluation of parotid disease, and also as an aid to guide biopsy of both intra- and extraparotid masses.
Multimedia in radiology education
Authors: Beningfield S. J.
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Radiological intervention and the Budd-Chiari syndrome
Authors: Griffith J. F. , Olliff S. P.
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Capitation of radiology practice in a managed care environment in the USA and South Africa: Johannesburg seminar 2-3 March 1996
Authors: Gross Paul F.
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Telemedicine Forum being established
Authors: Lots J. , Beningfield S. J.
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Intravascular approach to the treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations and dural arteriovenous fistulae
Authors: Fourie Pieter
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Don't start the revolution without us!
Authors: Whitehorn Russell
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
1997: Global links, world wide web and much more!
Authors: Corr Peter
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Diagnosis of Paget's disease from chest radiographs: The "dense coracoid sign"
Authors: Van Gelderen W. F.C.
Published: August 2019

Incidental Paget's disease of the shoulder as detected on chest radiographs is considered. Five patients demonstrated typical proximal humeral pagetoid involvement, but involvement of the acromiocoracoid or glenocoracoid parts of the scapula was twice as frequent. The dense coracoid was a constant feature and this sign should be sought on chest radiographs especially in the older patient.
The use of metallic endoprostheses in interventional radiology
Authors: Warwick R. J. , Watkinson A. F.
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Thyroid/salivary gland ratio for improvement of Tc-99m thyroid uptake as a test of thyroid function
Authors: Sathekge M. M. , Baetens J. , Maes A. , De Roo M.
Published: August 2019

No abstract available.
Utility of FET-PET in detecting high-grade gliomas presenting with equivocal MR imaging features
Authors: Puranik Ameya D. , Boon Mathew , Purandare Nilendu , Rangarajan Venkatesh , Gupta Tejpal , Moiyadi Aliasgar , Shetty Prakash , Sridhar Epari , Agrawal Archi , Dev Indraja , Shah Sneha
Published: August 2019

High-grade gliomas, metastases, and primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) are common high-grade brain lesions, which may have overlapping features on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Our objective was to assess the utility of 18-fluoride-fluoro-ethyl-tyrosine positron emission tomography (FET-PET) in reliably differentiating between these lesions, by studying their metabolic characteristics. Patients with high-grade brain lesions suspicious for glioma, with overlapping features for metastases and PCNSL were referred for FET-PET by Neuroradiologists from Multidisciplinary Neuro-Oncology Joint Clinic. Tumor-to-contralateral white mater ratio (T/Wm) at 5 and 20 min was derived and compared to histopathology. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to find the optimal T/Wm cutoff to differentiate between the tumor types. T/Wm was higher for glial tumors compared to nonglial tumors (metastases, PCNSL, tuberculoma, and anaplastic meningioma). A cutoff of 1.9 was derived to reliably diagnose a tumor of glial origin with a sensitivity and specificity of 93.8% and 91%, respectively. FET-PET can be used to diagnose glial tumors presenting as high-grade brain lesions when MR findings show overlapping features for other common high-grade lesions.
Youtubers y estrategias de gestión de comunidades
Authors: Tur-Viñes Victoria , González-Río María José
Published: August 2019

Introducción: El objetivo planteado es identificar los indicadores que promueven la creación, el mantenimiento y el crecimiento de una comunidad de usuarios en torno a los canales de youtubers. Metodología: Se plantea un análisis de contenido de carácter exploratorio sobre una muestra de 100 vídeos, 10 de cada uno de los 10 canales con más suscriptores del ranking Socialblade en el período comprendido entre el 14 de septiembre de 2018 al 22 de febrero de 2019. Resultados: El estudio permite identificar cuatro estrategias de gestión de comunidades desplegadas por los youtubers: fidelización de la audiencia, ampliación de comunidad, generación de expectación sobre futuros contenidos y la gestión particular de la pestaña Comunidad del canal. Discusión y conclusiones: Se revelan indicadores y prácticas válidas para comprender el fenómeno de las comunidades de youtubers, un fenómeno de masas con tan solo 15 años de existencia y un crecimiento imparable.
First Molecular Report of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis in Paraguayan Inhabitants Using High-Resolution Melt-PCR
Authors: Salvioni Recalde Oscar Daniel , Pereira Brunelli José , Rolon Miriam Soledad , Rojas de Arias Antonieta , Aldama Olga , Gómez Celeste Vega
Published: August 2019

American tegumentary leishmaniasis is an endemic anthropozoonosis undergoing expansion on the American continent. The disease is caused by several Leishmania species and it is manifested as cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. In this study, we evaluate the viability of high-resolution melt polymerase chain reaction (HRM-PCR) analysis to differentiate four closely related Leishmania species as a routine tool for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis. For this purpose, biopsy specimens from cutaneous and mucocutaneous lesions were taken from 132 individuals from endemic and non-endemic areas for leishmaniasis. Each sample was processed for parasitological, histopathological, and molecular analysis. Positive biopsy samples were analyzed by HRM-PCR of a 144-bp heat-shock protein (hsp70) gene fragment, and new cases were confirmed by sequencing. Of the 132 samples analyzed, 36 (27%) were positive for Leishmania spp., of which 86% were from cutaneous lesions and 14% from mucocutaneous lesions. We identified Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (84%), Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum (13%), and Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis (3%) in cutaneous lesions, and L. (V.) braziliensis (40%), L. (L.) infantum (20%), L. (L.) amazonensis (20%), and Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis (20%) in mucocutaneous lesions. The main purpose of this research was to report for the first time in Paraguay the presence of L. (L.) amazonensis and L. (V.) guyanensis in patients with cutaneous and mucocutaneous lesions, using the HRM-PCR technique. In addition, we report the presence of additional new cases of L. (L.) infantum in cutaneous lesions.
Prevalence and Molecular Epidemiology of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 among Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ngoma Alain M. , Mutombo Paulin B. , Omokoko Magot D. , Mvika Eddy S. , Nollet Kenneth E. , Ohto Hitoshi
Published: August 2019

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) imposes a substantial disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which is arguably the world’s largest endemic area for HTLV-1. Evidence that mother-to-child transmission persists as a major mode of transmission in SSA prompted us to estimate the pooled prevalence of HTLV-1 among pregnant women throughout the region. We systematically reviewed databases including EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews from their inception to November 2018. We selected studies with data on HTLV-1 prevalence among pregnant women in SSA. A random effect meta-analysis was conducted on all eligible data and heterogeneity was assessed through subgroup analyses. A total of 18 studies, covering 14,079 pregnant women, were selected. The evidence base was high to moderate in quality. The pooled prevalence, per 100 women, of the 18 studies that screened HTLV-1 was 1.67 (95% CI: 1.00–2.50), a figure that masks regional variations. In Western, Central, Southern, and Eastern Africa, the numbers were 2.34 (1.68–3.09), 2.00 (0.75–3.79), 0.30 (0.10–0.57), and 0.00 (0.00–0.21), respectively. The prevalence of HTLV-1 infection among pregnant women in SSA, especially in Western and Central Africa, strengthens the case for action to implement routine screening of pregnant women for HTLV-1. Rigorous studies using confirmatory testing and molecular analysis would characterize more accurately the prevalence of this infection, consolidate the evidence base, and further guide beneficial interventions.
Antibiotic Prescription Practices for Surgical Prophylaxis in India: An Observational Study
Authors: Anand Sanu , Raman Dileep , Shetty Divya , Joshi Dhruv , Hamsaveni C. G. , Unnikrishnan Dileep C.
Published: August 2019

Perioperative prophylactic antibiotics following surgeries have been shown to reduce surgical site infections, and their administration is common practice. Despite clear guidelines regarding this being set forth by the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA), adherence to them is yet to translate to common practice in many parts of the world. A retrospective chart review of 409 patients who underwent elective surgeries over a period of 7 months at three different hospitals in India was performed. In-hospital antibiotic prescriptions of these patients were examined for any apparent inappropriateness (use of antibiotics with coverage broader than the target microbes and use of antibiotics with overlapping spectrum of target microbes). Four hundred ninety-five (48.9%) of the 1,012 patient intensive care unit (ICU) days had apparent inappropriateness in the choice of their prophylactic antibiotics and only 3.2% of the antibiotic units used were in accordance with the present IDSA guidelines. Injudicious use of broad-spectrum antibiotics for surgical prophylaxis is prevalent in low- and middle-income countries such as India. This poses the risk of emergence of resistant microorganisms in these areas and their potential spread across the borders. There is an acute need for diligent antibiotic stewardship programs in these areas to curb such practices.
Decanethiol as a Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steels Exposed to Aqueous CO2
Authors: Belarbi Z. , Dominguez Olivo J.M. , Farelas F. , Singer M. , Young D. , Nešić S.
Published: August 2019

Carbon dioxide (CO2) corrosion mitigation is a challenge in the oil and gas industry. In order to decrease the severity of CO2 corrosion of carbon steel pipelines and equipment, different mitigation practices are recommended. One such strategy is the application of surface-active chemical inhibitors. The aim of this research was to evaluate the inhibition effectiveness of decanethiol in a CO2-saturated aqueous electrolyte (1 wt% NaCl). The inhibition properties of decanethiol were evaluated by electrochemical measurements (linear polarization resistance, potentiodynamic sweeps, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) and the steel surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The obtained data show that decanethiol can successfully prevent corrosion of carbon steels in a CO2 environment. An inhibition mechanism was also proposed based on adsorption characteristics and inhibitor film formation.
Kashmir as a Borderland. The Politics of Space and Belonging across the Line of Control
Authors: Mato Bouzas Antía
Published: August 2019

*Kashmir as a Borderland: The Politics of Space and Belonging across the Line of Control* examines the Kashmir dispute from both sides of the Line of Control (LoC) and within the theoretical frame of border studies. It draws on the experiences of those living in these territories such as divided families, traders, cultural and social activists. Kashmir is a borderland, that is, a context for spatial transformations, where the resulting interactions can be read as a process of ‘becoming’ rather than of ‘being’. The analysis of this borderland shows how the conflict is manifested in territory, in specific locations with a geopolitical meaning, evidencing the discrepancy between ‘representation’ and the ‘living’. The author puts forward the concept of belonging as a useful category for investigating more inclusive political spaces.