bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Μνήμη και λήθη σε α' πρόσωπο
Authors: Μπούτσικος Χρυσοβαλάντης
Published: October 2021

H παρούσα εργασία βασίζεται σε συνδυασμό αρχειακής και προφορικής έρευνας η οποία πραγματοποιήθηκε κατά το διάστημα 2015-2021 στην περιοχή των νομών Αργολίδας και Κορινθίας. Εξετάζονται αναλυτικά επιλεγμένα περιστατικά λευκής τρομοκρατίας, η σύσταση και ανάπτυξη του Δημοκρατικού Στρατού Ελλάδας στην περιοχή, οι κυριότερες στρατιωτικές συγκρούσεις με τις κυβερνητικές δυνάμεις και οι εκκαθαριστικές επιχειρήσεις τον χειμώνα του 1948 – 1949. Ιδιαίτερη έμφαση δίνεται στην καταγραφή και μελέτη της διαδρομής συγκεκριμένων ανθρώπων από τον χώρο του ΕΑΜ κατά τη διάρκεια του εμφυλίου πολέμου, στην ανάδειξη των λειτουργιών της ατομικής και συλλογικής μνήμης και στον τρόπο διαχείρισης του τραύματος.
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children - A resource for COVID-19 research: Antibody testing results, April – June 2021
Authors: Major-Smith Daniel , Matthews Sarah , Breeze Thomas , Crawford Michael , Woodward Hannah , Wells Nicholas , Mitchell Ruth , Molloy Lynn , Northstone Kate , Timpson Nicholas John
Published: October 2021

The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a prospective population-based cohort which recruited pregnant women in 1990-1992 and has followed these women, their partners (Generation 0; G0) and their offspring (Generation 1; G1) ever since. The study reacted rapidly and repeatedly to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, deploying multiple online questionnaires and a previous home-based antibody test in October 2020. A second antibody test, in collaboration with ten other longitudinal population studies, was completed by 4,622 ALSPAC participants between April and June 2021.

Of participants with a valid spike protein antibody test result (4,241; 8.2% void), indicating antibody response to either COVID-19 vaccination or natural infection, 3,172 were positive (74.8%). Generational differences were substantial, with 2,463/2,555 G0 participants classified positive (96.4%) compared to 709/1,686 G1 participants (42.1%). Of participants with a valid nucleocapsid antibody test result (4,199; 9.2% void), suggesting potential and recent natural infection, 493 were positive (11.7%); with 248/2,526 G0 participants (9.8%) and 245/1,673 G1 participants (14.6%) testing positive, respectively. We also compare results for this round of testing to that undertaken in October 2020. Future work will combine these test results with additional sources of data to identify participants’ COVID-19 infection and vaccination status.

These ALSPAC COVID-19 serology data are being complemented with linkage to health records and Public Health England pillar testing results as they become available, in addition to four previous questionnaire waves and a prior antibody test. Data have been released as an update to the previous COVID-19 datasets. These comprise: 1) a standard dataset containing all participant responses to all four previous questionnaires with key sociodemographic factors; and 2) individual participant-specific release files enabling bespoke research across all areas supported by the study. This data note describes the second ALSPAC antibody test and the data obtained from it.
A particular devoção: imaginária, pintura e outros objectos religiosos nos testamentos da aristocracia titular de Lisboa (finais do séc. XVII a finais do séc. XVIII).
Authors: de Vasconcelos e Sousa Gonçalo
Published: October 2021

Los testamentos son una fuente relevante para el estudio de la relación entre la aristocracia de la corte de Lisboa con sus objetos, entre finales del siglo XVII y finales del siglo XVIII. Entre estos, las piezas religiosas son particularmente notables, es decir, referencias a esculturas, pinturas y objetos religiosos. Este análisis constituye un subsidio para la percepción de la devoción, especialmente femenina, en el interior doméstico de este grupo social en la capital portuguesa. Enfatiza el significado y el simbolismo de algunos ejemplos y devociones, evocando gestos de amor expresados en la sucesión de las piezas a las que se hace referencia en esta fuente documental. El origen y la transmisión familiar realizada se cuentan para ciertas piezas.
Time to refocus on the children
Authors: Allingham Sue
Published: October 2021

In the recent months, as the new academic year was being prepared for and then when it started, we were still being sent documents from DfE and Ofsted. Whilst this can be helpful, it is often confusing, and in fact more likely to be unhelpful.
At what cost?
Authors: Cowley Sue
Published: October 2021

With childcare in the UK now being some of the most expensive in the world, questions about the sustainability of settings and the impact of funding on social mobility are at the centre of policy debates. Sue Cowley takes a look at the current situation with government funding and assesses the impact of the 30 hours entitlement.
It's time we reclaim ‘British values’
Authors: Gouldsboro Julia Maria
Published: October 2021

Democracy, rule of law, individual liberty, mutual respect and tolerance are values to nurture in young children, helping them grow into caring, responsible citizens. It needs a whole community to work together for this to happen successfully.
Oral health
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: October 2021

It is vital to start caring for your child's teeth as soon as their first milk tooth starts to break through. There are many reasons for this and ways in which you can ensure your child has good oral health.
Communicating through rhyme
Authors: Harries Judith
Published: October 2021

This article is part of a new nursery rhymes series exploring the rich resources of traditional nursery rhymes and encouraging practitioners to use them as inspiration for activities throughout the early years curriculum.
Whizz, Bang, Whoosh!
Authors: Davies Sarah M
Published: October 2021

Fireworks have become a familiar sight in our night skies. The topic and activities surrounding fireworks can help children develop their fine and gross motor skills.
A new species of Coelosis Hope, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Oryctini) from Paraguay
Authors: RATCLIFFE BRETT , CAVE RONALD
Published: October 2021

Coelosis spinophallicus Ratcliffe & Cave is described as a new species from Capiíbary, San Pedro Department, Paraguay. The new species is compared with the sympatric species Coelosis inermis (Sternberg). A description, diagnosis, illustrations, and distribution map are provided for the new species, with a key to the Paraguayan species of Coelosis Hope.
Landau-damping-induced limits to light–matter interactions in sub-10-nm planar plasmonic nanocavities
Authors: Assumpcao Daniel R. , Siddique Radwanul Hasan , Choo Hyuck
Published: October 2021

Landau damping has previously been shown to be the dominant nonlocal effect in sub-10nm plasmonic nanostructures, although its effects on the performance of plasmonic nanocavities are still poorly understood. In this work, the effects of Landau damping in sub-10-nm planar plasmonic nanocavities are analyzed theoretically, and it is shown that while Landau damping does not affect the confinement of the cavity modes, it decreases the quality factor 10-fold due to the introduction of extra loss for sub-10nm gap sizes. As compared to purely classical models, this results in a suppression in the Purcell factor by 10 fold, the spontaneous emission rate by almost two orders of magnitude, and the required oscillator strength to achieve strong light-matter coupling by two orders of magnitude as the gap is reduced to ∼0.5nm. Therefore, it is crucial to consider Landau damping in plasmonic-nanocavity design because it breaks the classical norm of achieving higher light–matter interaction strength in sub-10-nm gap-plasmon nanocavities.
Towards Dynamic Network Reconfigurations for Flexible Optical Network Planning
Authors: Varasteh Amir , Patri Sai Kireet , Autenrieth Achim , Mas-Machuca Carmen
Published: October 2021

We propose a network reconfiguration heuristic, incorporating provisioning, upgrading, and rerouting of lightpaths for multi-period planning. Using the same physical network infrastructure, we achieve up to 33% increase in network throughput compared to the state-of-the-art.
Machine Learning for Failure Management in Optical Networks
Authors: Musumeci Francesco
Published: October 2021

After an overview on main concepts of machine learning, we discuss use cases in optical networks failure management, such as failure detection, root-cause identification and localization. Recent research trends and challenges are also highlighted.
Systematic review of the introduction, early phase study and evaluation of pyrocarbon proximal interphalangeal joint arthroplasty
Authors: Welford Paul , Blencowe Natalie S. , Pardington Emily , Jones Conor S. , Blazeby Jane M. , Main Barry G.
Published: October 2021

Background

In 2002 a pyrocarbon interphalangeal joint implant was granted Food and Drug Administration approval with limited evidence of effectiveness. It is important to understand device use and outcomes since this implant entered clinical practice in order to establish incremental evidence, appropriate study design and reporting. This systematic review summarised and appraised studies reporting pyrocarbon proximal interphalangeal joint arthroplasty.

Methods

Systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, BIOSIS, CINAHL and CENTRAL from inception to November 2020. All study designs reporting pyrocarbon proximal interphalangeal joint arthroplasty in humans were included. Data extracted included information about study characteristics, patient selection, regulatory (gaining research ethics approval) and governance issues (reporting of conflicting interests), operator and centre experience, technique description and outcome reporting. Descriptive and narrative summaries were reported.

Results

From 4316 abstracts, 210 full-text articles were screened. A total of 38 studies and 1434 (1–184) patients were included. These consisted of three case reports, 24 case series, 10 retrospective cohort studies and one randomised trial. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were stated in 25 (66%) studies. Most studies (n = 27, 71%) gained research ethics approval to be conducted. Six studies reported conflicting interests. Experience of operating surgeons was reported in nine (24%) and caseload volume in five studies. There was no consensus about the optimal surgical approach. Technical aspects of implant placement were reported frequently (n = 32) but the detail provided varied widely. Studies reported multiple, heterogenous outcomes. The most commonly reported outcome was range of motion (n = 37).

Conclusions

This systematic review identified inconsistencies in how studies describing the early use and update of an innovative procedure were reported. Incremental evidence was lacking, risking the implant being adopted without robust evaluation. This review adds to evidence highlighting the need for more rigorous evaluation of how implantable medical devices are used in practice following licencing.
Propensity to intentional and unintentional mind-wandering differs in arousal and executive vigilance tasks
Authors: Martínez-Pérez Víctor , Baños Damián , Andreu Almudena , Tortajada Miriam , Palmero Lucía B. , Campoy Guillermo , Fuentes Luis J.
Published: October 2021

We typically observe a decrement in vigilance with time-on-task, which favors the propensity for mind-wandering, i.e., the shifting of attention from the task at hand to task-unrelated thoughts. Here, we examined participants’ mind-wandering, either intentional or unintentional, while performing vigilance tasks that tap different components of vigilance. Intentional mind-wandering is expected mainly when the arousal component is involved, whereas unintentional mind-wandering is expected mainly in tasks involving the executive component. The Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) assessed the arousal component, whereas the Sustained Attention to Response task (SART) assessed the executive component of vigilance. The two types of mind-wandering were probed throughout task execution. The results showed that the overall rate of mind-wandering was higher in the PVT than in the SART. Intentional mind-wandering was higher with the PVT than with the SART, whereas unintentional mind-wandering was higher with the SART than with the PVT. Regarding mind-wandering as a function of vigilance decrement with time-on-task, unintentional mind-wandering in the PVT increased between blocks 1 and 2 and then stabilized, whereas a progressive increase was observed in the SART. Regarding intentional mind-wandering, a progressive increase was only observed in the SART. The differential patterns of intentional and unintentional mind-wandering in both tasks suggest that, intentional mind wandering occurs mainly in arousal tasks in which propensity to mind-wander has little impact on task performance. However, unintentional mind-wandering occurs mainly in executive tasks as a result of a failure of cognitive control, which promotes attentional resources to be diverted toward mind-wandering. These results are discussed in the context of the resource-control model of mind-wandering.
Quantitative assessment and localization of the hollowing of the temple after craniectomy and cranioplasty–The frontozygomatic shadow
Authors: Kosterhon Michael , Ruegg Eva , Ottenhausen Malte , Kühn Anne , Ringel Florian , Jägersberg Max
Published: October 2021

Background

After cranioplasty, in many cases a not negligible soft tissue defect remains in the temporozygomatical area, also referred to as a hollowing defect of the temple.

Objective

To assess the precise localization and volume of the hollowing defect, to optimize future cranioplasties.

Methods

CT data of patients who received craniectomy and conventional CAD cranioplasty in our institution between 2012 and 2018 were analyzed. CT datasets prior to craniectomy and after cranioplasty were subtracted to quantify the volume and localization of the defect.

Results

Out of 91 patients, 21 had suitable datasets. Five cases had good cosmetic results with no defect visible, 16 patients had an apparent hollowing defect. Their average defect volume was 5.0 cm3 ± 4.5 cm3. The defect localizations were in the area behind the zygomatic process and just below the superior temporal line, covering an area of app. 3x3 cm2. Surgical attempts of temporal muscle restoration were more often found in reports of good results (p<0.01), but also in 50% of reports, whose surgeries resulted in hollowing of the temple. Mean time between the two surgeries was 112 ± 43 days. No significant differences between patients with and without hollowing defect were detected regarding time between the two surgeries, age or performing surgeon.

Conclusion

This work supplies evidence for the indication of a surgical corrective during cranioplasty in the small but cosmetically relevant area of the “frontozygomatic shadow”. Based on our 3D data analysis, future focused surgical strategies may obtain better aesthetical results here.
An Overview on Ethnopharmacology of Different Medicinal
Plants of Odisha State of India in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Rath Deepankar , Pattnaik Gurudutta , Kar Biswakanth
Published: October 2021

Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorder associated with
elevated blood glucose level. World health organization recommended the traditional and herbal
remedies for the diabetic management. The application of herbal remedies is extremely increased
worldwide in the last three decades. Most of the synthetic drugs were discovered from the plant source
out of different regions of the world to meet the demand. Several medicinal plants like Gymnema
sylvestre, Pterocarpus marsupium, Catharanthus roseus, Trigonella foenum, Annona squamosa, Aegle
marmelos, Withania somnifera, Boerhavia diffusa, Boerhavia erecta, Momordica charantia, Cocos
nucifera, Ricinus communis, Azadira chtaindica and Aloe vera have been reported to have varying
level of hypoglycemic property. One of the factors involved in the evolution of diabetic convolutions
is the impairment due to free radicals and hence a compound with antioxidant and antidiabetic potential
would be more effective. The present review article was designed to provide an absolute data on these
medicinal plant based remedies by using the traditional healers of Odisha state, India.
QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF ARTEANNUIN B – A SESQUITERPENE LACTONE FROM ARTEMISIA ANNUA
Authors: Mukhamatkhanova Rimma Fail'yevna , Uzbekov Vyacheslav Vadimovich , Mutalova Dilnoza Karimberdievna , Mamatkhanova Munirakhon Akhmatkhon Kizi , Sham’yanov Il'dar Dzhamil'yevich , Khalilov Ravshanjon Muratjanovich
Published: October 2021

The HPLC (High performance liquid chromatography) method for the determination of arteannuin B in the herb Artemisia annua has been developed. The method is suitable for its validation characteristics, such as specificity parameters (convergence of the retention times of artianuin B in the standard and sample), suitability of the chromatographic system (separation efficiency), linearity (R2 = 0.99929 at y = 9.38x + 245.98), range of application (from 50 to 150%), accuracy in terms of repeatability (RSD = 3.45%) and correctness (Z = 100.36 ± 0.56%), determined experimentally, are within the recommended values. As a marker compound, it was proposed to use a standard sample of arteannuin B. For this, a standard sample of arteannuin B was obtained with a purity of at least 99%, which is confirmed IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR spectral data. Organoleptic and physicochemical parameters were determined. It has been established that the presence of impurities in an amount of not more than 1% is allowed in a standard sample of arteannuin B. It was established that the content of arteannuin B in the raw material should be at least 0.2%. The development and validation HPLC-UV method for the determination of arteannuin B have to used to standardization the herb of Artemisia annua.
Method for identifying a network archetype on the coopetition dynamics
Authors: Chim-Miki Adriana Fumi , da Mata Leal Nara Maria , Farias Moreira Vínicius
Published: October 2021

Este artigo propôs uma escala para identificação de arquétipo de redetestando-a na estrutura de produção e comercialização da goma de mandiocae determinando se o arquétipo dominante é no padrão Comunidade,Consórcio, Federação ou Hierarquia. Adicionalmente, verificou as relaçõesde cooperação e competição dentro da rede, identificando a dinâmica decoopetição como o comportamento híbrido característico das redes interoganizacionais. A metodologia foi quantitativa descritiva, sendo umapesquisa exploratória que utilizou dados coletados com uma amostra de 59empresas participantes do setor produtivo de goma de mandioca na regiãode Campina Grande – PB, Brasil. As evidências encontradas permitiramconcluir que na rede analisada prevalece o padrão de Comunidade, compoucos vínculos entre os participantes, domínio de algumas organizações euma tipologia de relações de coopetição baseadas em competição. Além disso,o método proposto se mostrou eficaz para a avaliação desses arquétipos.
Entrepreneurship from contemporary feminist discursive practices
Authors: Zambrano Vargas Sandra Milena , Urbiola Solís Alejandra Elizabeth , Vázquez García Angel Wilhelm
Published: October 2021

Los estudios feministas críticos analizan el emprendimiento y el género como prácticas de construcción social entrelazadas a través del lenguaje. A partir de las prácticas discursivas más comunes entre los estudios sobre este problema, se analizaron las de un grupo de emprendedores del municipio de Sogamoso (Colombia). La metodología del artículo es cualitativa, a partir de un estudio fenomenológico que incluyó 18 entrevistas durante 2018; se analizó el discurso y la construcción subjetiva del “ser” empresario desde el “ser” mujer o el “ser” hombre. Entre los principales resultados, se encontró que existen barreras por género, que, aunque son invisibles, marcan a las mujeres y les impiden obtener mejores resultados en sus empresas, principalmente porque los roles asignados socialmente por género entran en contradicción con el hecho de “ser” empresarias.
Role of ethnomarketing in the sustainable commercialization of small producers
Authors: Cuevas Albarrán Valeria Betzabé
Published: October 2021

A partir de una propuesta conceptual que integra al etnomarketing, se consideraron 25 variables del canal de comercialización que usan pequeños productores en el estado de Quintana Roo, México, y se aplicó el método Fuzzy Delphi como técnica prospectiva de consulta a expertos para determinar los factores de sostenibilidad comercial de su producción. Se implementaron las siguientes fases 1) formulación del problema, 2) elección de los expertos, 3) elaboración del cuestionario (paralelo a la fase 2), 4) lanzamiento de los cuestionarios (desarrollo práctico) y 5) análisis de los resultados. Tres de las variables estudiadas fueron consensadas con el 100% de los expertos: a) Identificar las preferencias de consumo; b) Pagar al productor un precio justo por el producto; y c) La participación de los productores de las comunidades locales en la comercialización. Las otras 20 variables, tales como el factor cultura, distancia del punto de producción al consumo, sistema de producción, entre otros, recibieron el consenso del 95% de los expertos. Los resultados sugieren que los modelos de comercialización sostenible para los pequeños productores en Quintana Roo, México, deben tomar en cuenta que se lleva a cabo en una sociedad multicultural, incorporar conocimiento local y símbolos presentes en las culturas participantes. Para ello es importante promover el involucramiento de organizaciones de la sociedad civil, el sector público y privado e instituciones de investigación, en el proceso.
Emotion and consumption
Authors: Páramo Morales Dagoberto
Published: October 2021

Las emociones han sido utilizadas por los investigadores de las ciencias sociales y humanas, particularmente desde la administración. La intensidad de su uso ha inducido el desarrollo de estrategias sustentadas en las reacciones emocionales de consumidores, compradores y clientes. Estas han sido consideradas en múltiples y diversos momentos. Tanto en los esfuerzos desplegados para comprender al consumidor como para la implementación de mensajes publicitarios en busca de posicionamiento y persuasión, las emociones (principalmente desde la teoría cognoscitiva y un poco menos desde la teoría de las emociones de base) se han convertido en una herramienta eficaz y de gran impacto en la conquista y conservación de los mercados actuales (Páramo y Ramírez, 2017).
Two decades of research in Electronic Word of Mouth: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Rodríguez Orejuela Augusto , Osorio Andrade Carlos Fernando , Peláez Muñoz Jenny
Published: October 2021

El propósito de este documento consiste en analizar la literatura desarrollada alrededor del voz a voz electrónico (eWOM), en dos décadas, identificando la evolución del campo, autores principales, afiliación institucional, países de mayor producción, conceptos clave y futuras líneas de investigación. Se emplea un análisis bibliométrico de 811 artículos publicados en Web of Science, se identifican dos corrientes de investigación en el área, una enfocada en analizar antecedentes del eWOM y la otra en estudiar el comportamiento eWOM en el contexto de la industria de la hotelería y el turismo. Se identifican también, los términos más recurrentes estudiados en este campo. Los resultados reflejan que la investigación en eWOM ha crecido de manera sostenida en los últimos años, sin embargo, el estudio de este fenómeno en América Latina continua en una etapa incipiente de desarrollo. Se proponen como futuras líneas de investigación, relacionar el eWOM con variables poco exploradas, como la calidad del producto y del servicio, el capital social y la equidad de marca. También considerar abordar metodologías novedosas para su estudio, como el análisis de sentimientos mediante machine learning. Esta investigación aporta al campo de investigación en eWOM ya que presenta indicadores científicos mediante el uso de técnicas bibliométricas que hasta el momento, no han sido utilizadas para revisar la literatura alrededor de este concepto.
Gestión del manejo de residuos sólidos:un problema ambiental en la universidad
Authors: Vélez Diego Andrés , Vargas Restrepo Carlos Mario , Gutiérrez Monsalve Jaime Andrés , Gómez Betancur Milany Andrea , Aguirre Cardona Diego Andrés , Quintero Osorio Luz Adriana , Franco Montoya Juan Carlos
Published: October 2021

Se presentan los resultados del Plan de Gestión Ambiental y Educativo de una universidad privada de Colombia como estudio de caso desde la perspectiva de la Responsabilidad Ambiental Universitaria. Se analizó la problemática de los residuos sólidos y su manejo durante el año 2019 en el campus universitario, desde un enfoque mixto a partir de una metodología de alcance descriptivo con sustento en las técnicas de revisión documental, foto narrativas, matriz categoríal, focus group y encuestas. Se destaca que, aunque la universidad ha implementado el sistema de gestión ambiental bajo la norma ISO 14001, la forma como se lleva a cabo dicho proceso por parte de los actores muestra falencias en su implementación y la necesidad de fortalecerlo mediante procesos formativos, manejo de residuos sólidos maximizando su aprovechamiento e implementando estrategias respecto de su disposición
Dampak Abrasi Terhadap Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Kecamatan Kedung, Jepara
Authors: Ismiyanti Desy , Buchori Imam
Published: October 2021

All the time the coastline has always changes, the change is abrasion or accretion. Changes in the coastline not only have an impact on physical conditions but also affect the socio-economic conditions of the community. This study aims to determine the impact of abrasion on the socio-economic conditions of the community in Kedung District, Jepara. The method used is the descriptive quantitative, a combination of LVI (Livelihood Vulnerability Index) and LVI-IPCC (Livelihood Vulnerability Index - Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change).  The data used is the result of questionnaires distributed to household. The results of this study indicate that the most influential social impact is the emergence of anxiety and can affect social conditions between communities. While the impact on the economy can be seen in the value of LVI 0.28 which means it is quite vulnerable, and the value of LVI-IPCC 0.037 which means quite vulnerable.  Many of community who choose to have side jobs to fulfill their daily needs, even changing their livelihoods from the coastal sector to non-coastal sectors such as trading, labor, and etc.
Asymptotic behavior of solution of Whitham–Broer–Kaup type equations with negative dispersion
Authors: Bedjaoui Nabil , Kumar Rajesh , Mammeri Youcef
Published: October 2021

In this work, we discuss the long time behavior of solutions
of the Whitham–Broer–Kaup system with Lipschitz nonlinearity and negative dispersion term. We prove the global well-posedness when

α
+

β
2

<
0

{\alpha+\beta^{2}<0}

as well as the convergence to 0 of small solutions at rate

𝒪
⁢

(

t

-

1
/
2

)

{\mathcal{O}(t^{-1/2})}

.
A pápaság és a béke a középkorban
Authors: Zey Claudia
Published: October 2021

A tanulmány a középkori pápaság és a béke kapcsolódási pontjainak komplex elemzését kínálja. A vizsgálódás elsősorban arra a kérdésre fókuszál, hogy a béke megteremtése és megóvása milyen jelentőséggel bírt a középkori pápák hivatalgyakorlása szempontjából. E mellett arra a kérdésre is választ kíván adni, hogy a béke milyen felfogásai vezették az egyházfőket, amikor az egyes helyzetekre reagáltak. A megfogalmazott kérdéseket a szerző négy, elsősorban az érett középkorból válogatott témakör segítségével tárgyalja: elsőként az Isten békéje és a keresztes hadjáratok, utána a pápai-császári konfliktusok és a pápai állam, majd az igazságszolgáltatás, végül negyediként a döntőbíráskodás és a közvetítés szemszögéből.
„super hiis inquiratis diligenter rei veritatem”
Authors: Gábor Barabás
Published: October 2021

The paper discusses a special aspect of the papal-Hungarian relations, namely the operation of the delegated jurisdiction in the second half of the 13th century, from the Mongol invasion of 1241–42 to the death of the last Árpádian king, Andrew III in 1301. The focus of the study is on the cases, in which the judges-delegate appointed by the pontiffs had to face questions of ecclesiastical hierarchy or church-discipline. It is to be determined, when (and partially: why) members of the Hungarian Church turned to the Holy See to make use of the delegation of papal judges. Furthermore, it is to be examined, what was the effect of the authorizations, and if so, under which circumstances did the popes want to intervene in Hungarian matters by using one of their universal tool to shape the regions of Western Christianity, their delegated jurisdiction. The issue of the Bosnian bishopric, the quarrel over the borders between the dioceses of Kalocsa and Pécs, or the allegations and the procedure against Bishop Job of Pécs are all helping to fi nd answers to those questions.
Miles tutus fuit – Venator interiit
Authors: Zoltán Gőzsy , Gergely Tóth , Zsolt Tóth
Published: October 2021

The study deals with the history of a tombstone found at the archaeological excavations in the Franciscan church of Szigetvár in the winter of 2020. Th e archaeological find is remarkable in several respects. Its unique character is provided by the fact that its upper surface is covered not only with a coat of arms, but also with a lengthy Latin text. An investigation of the inscription revealed that the deceased, a certain Major (Supremus Vigiliarum Praefectus) Johann Collet, died in 1703 during a hunt in the vicinity of Szigetvár. The study briefly presents the historical context of the case: the situation of Szigetvár in the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries, the use of the church by the Franciscan order, as well as the most important moments of the 2020 archeological excavation.
How You Read Madame Bovary
Authors: Lucey Michael
Published: October 2021

Prompted by the prior work of critics like Ross Chambers and sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, this article pursues the possibility that there would be a way of reading Madame Bovary that is not just about learning to be a sophisticated and refined enough reader of Gustave Flaubert to appreciate all that he managed to achieve in that novel. Rather, while sophistication and refinement may constitute a typical first step in becoming a reader of Flaubert’s novel, the novel also, from a different perspective, offers a critical experience of the symbolic violence of a cultural universe structured by hierarchies of sophistication, potentially leaving you wondering what your fought-for sophistication is really worth. While pursuing this possibility, I examine how Madame Bovary continually figures acts of reading such as the one it is offering its readers, how a sensibility to free indirect style can be considered an index of sophistication, and how Flaubert uses figural language and certain prosodic effects to create collisions of registers of diction that destabilize any secure sense of linguistic sophistication.
Review of microbiological sampling in diabetic foot disease
Authors: Travers Hannah C , Dawson Jonathon , Muthusami Anitha , Wall Michael L
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Foot-related complications affect 2–2.5% of people with diabetes. There is significant variation in outcomes for patients with diabetic foot disease within the UK. The multidisciplinary approach to diabetic foot disease is well publicised and protocols, guidance and consensus approaches exist for most components of the management of diabetic foot disease. Antimicrobial therapy to treat diabetic foot infections based on microbiological sampling and culture is well documented, but no consensus exists on how these samples should be obtained, processed and reported.
Methods: A literature review was undertaken to establish the reporting of techniques used in obtaining and processing microbiological samples in diabetic foot disease to establish if consensus exists in the methodologies used with a view to develop best practice guidelines.
Results: Six out of 102 papers reported all processes in obtaining and processing microbiological samples.
Conclusion: No gold standard consensus exists for microbiological sampling of diabetic foot infections, preventing optimisation of this aspect of management of diabetic foot disease and ultimately potentially adversely affecting the outcomes of this growing patient cohort.
Investigation of the Effect of External Local Sealing Loads on the Well Support
Authors: Shemelina O.N. , Ovchinnikov V.P. , Pavelyeva Y.N. , Shemelin S.S.
Published: October 2021

The article presents the definition of problems in the well support from external local sealing loads. The conditions of local sealing loads are identified. The calculations were carried out according to the equations. A model of the stress-strain state in the well support has been created. The parameters of the effect of compression on the absolute value of strength are determined.
Choice of the Fractal Method For Visualization of Input Data While Designing Support Systems for Decision-Making by Navigator
Authors: Appazov Eduard , Krugliy Dmytro , Zinchenko Serhii , Nosov Pavlo
Published: October 2021

Introduction. The constant increase in the amount and intensity of traffic requires organization and precise management.Problem Statement. In the present-day conditions, when the number of vessels engaged on internal and external routes has been growing, without the vessel driver/navigator all alone are not physically able to assess the navigation situation and to make the right decision how to operate his vessel. The need to develop and to implement algorithms that help address the issue of navigation safety is an important task, especially when it comes to the management of groups of vessels. The main approaches that allow generalizing the information flows to ensure continuous and safe navigation are the formation of a structured system of processing and evaluation of input factors and related output parameters. This enables controlling the ergatic system of vessel, given a significant number of factors.Purpose. The purpose of this research is to create new approaches to controlling the vessel ergatic system for making an optimal and timely decision.Materials and Methods. Fractal methods for representation of the primary information and applied computer programs of mathematical simulation have been used.Results. The proposed model of information processing as part of the vessel ergatic system is designed to comp­rehensively ensure the safety of vessels, while providing control and optimization of both operational and organizational parameters and diagnostic functions, with the ability to predict and to prevent failures of the vessel engineering system.Conclusions. The applicability of general algorithms for the processing of information and its structuring according to the degree of impact has been shown. The application of these approaches solves the problem of overloading the navigator with excessive navigational information and reduces decision-making time. The developedalgorithm allows creating an automatic control system for groups of vessels in real conditions of difficult navigation environment.
Surrogacy milieu in India: a legislative vacuum
Authors: Dogra Yogita , Chawla Hitesh
Published: October 2021

Surrogacy gives hope to couples who are unable to carry child on their own. Single men, women and same-sex couples can also opt surrogacy to have their own genetic child. Surrogacy has adjourned the practice of adoption by childless couples who can bear the cost of surrogacy. Recent past has witnessed the blooming of surrogacy clinics all over the world. Eligibility of surrogates, process, legality and expenses, involved in surrogacy, differ from country to country. Most of the countries do not have surrogacy regulating legislation in force. Few countries prohibit surrogacy, while some ban commercial surrogacy and permits altruistic one. Even international surrogacy is not allowed in some jurisdictions. Easy availability and low costs of surrogacy procedures in developing countries have made surrogacy a lucrative business. India developed into a hub of commercial surrogacy with no harsh laws, regulating surrogacy clinics. Even though commercial surrogacy has been banned, still lack stringent laws, governing surrogacy clinics in the country, creating a legislative vacuum. Legal and ethical issues surrounding the surrogacy are also complex, thereby making it difficult to differentiate whether surrogacy is a boon or bane. The need of the hour is to legalize altruistic surrogacy and prohibit commercial one. Till laws being enacted and appropriate monitoring authorities are instituted, one has to assess with his/her conscience what is right and where wrong begins
Peculiarities of ensuring the rights of the person during the pre-trial investigation of criminal offenses under the legislation of countries with Anglo-Saxon law
Authors: Bozhik Valerij
Published: October 2021

A review of the status of ensuring the rights of the individual during pre-trial investigations of criminal offences under foreign law has been carried out. It has been specified, that successful implementation of the model of the criminal offences optimum for Ukraine is possible on condition of detailed study of the foreign experience of functioning of this institution.
An analysis was made of legislation and its application in the area of human rights during pre-trial investigations of minor criminal offences in countries with an Anglo-Saxon legal system. Attention was drawn to the fact that they differentiate between general and minor offences under the criminal law system. For minor offences, the so-called summary procedure is used. The main criterion for allocating proceedings for consideration by a court in summary proceedings is the degree of criminal risk of offences.
It has been noted, that pre-trial investigations of minor offences in the United States follow the general procedure whereby an officer of the investigating authority makes an application for a warrant for the arrest of a person or for the search of the premises occupied by him/her, if there are grounds for doing so. The said statement is subject to verification and confirmation in the manner, on which the court may issue a warrant of arrest or search, which is in fact an indictment record of the commencement of official proceedings.
Attention is drawn to the fact that, in cases, involving minor offences, arrest is generally not carried out - the accused is usually served with a summons to appear in court. Emphasised on the positive experience of England in the sphere of ensuring the rights of the individual in the proceedings of «non-arrest crime» by establishing in the law the grounds for detention of a person by the police without the order of a judge.
Rainfall trend analysis
Authors: Barai Virendra N. , Kalunge Rohini M.
Published: October 2021

This article aims to review studies pertaining to trends in rainfall, rainy days over India. Non-parametric tests such as Sen’s Slope were used as estimator of trend magnitude which was supported by Mann-Kendall test. The findings of various studies indicate variance with respect to the rainfall rate, which contributes to an uncertain picture of the rainfall trend. In the study of monsoon of different locations in India some places showed increasing trends however, there is signifying decrease in trend all over India. It was also mentioned that analysis can vary from for a location if done using different source or types of collection of data. Spatial units range from station results and sub-division to sub-basin/river basins for trend analysis. The outcomes of the different experiments vary and a simple and reliable picture of the trend of rainfall has not appeared. While there can be a non-zero slope value for the multiple units (sub-basins or sub-divisions), few values are statistically important. In a basin-wise trend analysis report, some basins had a declining annual rainfall trend; at a 95 per cent confidence stage, only one basin showed a strong decreasing trend. Out of the six basins exhibiting a rising trend saw a major positive trend in one basin. Many of the basins have the same pattern direction on the annual and seasonal scale for rainfall and rainy days.
Mycelial biomass production of medicinal mushroom Ganoderma P. Karst.
Authors: Suansia Anjali , John Priya
Published: October 2021

The fruiting body, mycelia and spores of Ganoderma contain approximately 400 different bioactive compounds. At present, the demand for natural products with pharmacological activity and medicinal uses is markedly increasing and the submerged culture offer faster production of mycelia biomass with high nutrients and exopolysaccharide of medicinal importance in shorter period of time within reduced space and gets lesser chances of contamination with consistent quality. Mycelial biomass production of Ganoderma was carried out using five different liquid media viz., Glucose aspargine media (GLM), Hwang liquid media (HLM), Potato dextrose broth (PDB), Yeast wine media (YWM) and Glucose peptone liquid media (GPM). The highest dry weight was observed in yeast wine media (1.08g/300ml).
Screening of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes for shattering resistance
Authors: Job Anju M. , Biju S. , Keerthyraj B.
Published: October 2021

The present investigation on screening rice genotypes for shattering resistance was done involving twenty five rice genotypes. Among these lines Aiswarya and Aathira were taken as susceptible and resistant checks, respectively. Seeds were collected from Rice Research Stations of Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Selected lines comprising both traditional and high yielding varieties were evaluated in augmented design and shattering was measured by Induced Random Impact (IRI) method using a force gauge apparatus. Fourteen characters were evaluated along with seed shattering and yield. Wide variability was found to exist among the tested genotypes for yield and most yield attributes. High phenotypic and genotypic co-efficient of variance (PCV and GCV) estimates were recorded for seed yield and shattering per cent indicating wide variability among genotypes for these traits and the possibility of improvement through selection. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance which indicate the influence of additive gene action in trait expression were observed for characters viz., days to fifty per cent flowering, length and width of flag leaf, number of panicles per plant, seed yield and shattering per cent. Substantial improvement in the expression of these characters over base population can be expected through simple selection.
Effect of different sources of zinc on the activities of plant and soil enzymes
Authors: Aparna B. , Gladis R. , Gowripriya  , Aswathy U. A.
Published: October 2021

The present investigation was conducted to study the effect of zinc fertilization on major biomeric characteristics, yield and post-harvest soil nutrient status. The experiment was carried out at college of Agriculture, Vellayani during 2017 - 2019. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with eight treatments and three replications. The treatments were Absolute control (T1), N, P, K as per POP- 75:45:25 kg ha-1 (T2), N, P, K+ Soil application of Zn as ZnSO4- 10 kg ha-1 (T3), N, P, K+ Foliar application of Zn as 0.5 per cent ZnSO4 (T4), N, P, K+ Zn as Zn EDTA-18 kg ha-1 (T5), N, P, K+ Zn solubilizer -5 per cent (T6), N, P, K+ Zn Humate- 44 kg ha-1 (T7), N, P, K+ K solubilizer 5 per cent (T8). From the study, it was observed that the treatment T7 with the application of N, P, K+ Zn Humate (44 kg ha-1) recorded the highest for enzymes such as carbonic anhydrase, peroxidase and catalase viz., 910 EU g-1, 48.17 activity min-1 g-1 and 27.06x103 units ml-1, respectively. An incubation study was carried out to assess the trend os activity of the enzymes and the results revealed peroxidase and carbonic anhydrase showed an increasing trend in activitfy while peroxidase registered a decreasing trend. Treatment T4 with the application of Soil + Zn as 1.5 ppm ZnSO4 registered the highest value for peroxidase (11.98 activity min-1 g-1) and carbonic anhydrase activity (385 EU g-1) in the incubation study.
Effect of inoculum density of Aspergillus niger on quality of acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia swingle) during storage
Authors: Majumdar Niren , Mandal Nakul Chandra
Published: October 2021

Acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia swingle) is available year the round either to use as fresh, stored for a short duration or in the preparation of pickles or other value added products to be consumed for a longer period. It is highly rich in vitamin C as antioxidant. It is infected by different fungal pathogens during transit and storage causing enormous loss both in quality and quantity. Aspergillus niger, an wound pathogen infect lime during storage. Inoculum density of a pathogen is critical for any successful infection and subsequent progression affecting fast deterioration in the quality of fruits. Eight different inoculum densities from 101 to 108 per ml of spore suspension were tested. Inoculum density determined the incubation period as revealed by 72 hours at 101 conc. and 48 hours at 102 conc. however, no discernible symptom appeared before 48 hours of incubation. Therefore, critical threshold limits for infection is below 101 spore conc. per ml. The loss in physical weight, vitamin C content, Titrable acidity and TSS of fruit juice reduced along with increased conc. of in inoculums load with maximum at 106 but with an obvious pH increase.
Self-rating of depression in elderly prisoners in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Authors: Verhülsdonk S , Dietrich K , Folkerts AK , Christl J , Höft B , Supprian T , Kalbe E
Published: October 2021

Aim: Against the background of the rising number of elderly people being incarcerated and the rare data on this special subgroup, the aim of our study was to collect first empirical data on the affective state of elderly prisoners in North Rhine Westphalia, Germany. Methods: Data were collected in nine German prisons. We included elderly prisoners from pretrial prevention, penal sentences, open enforcement, preventive detention and from special detention units for elderly inmates. For the evaluation of the affective state, we used the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Sociodemographic and crime-related characteristics were documented. Findings: In total, n=116 prisoners (91.4% male) were included. The age ranged from 53 to 91 years (65.6±6.3 years). In our sample, 48% reported at least mild depressive symptoms, which is a significantly higher prevalence of depressive symptomatology than in the general population aged 60 years and older. Differences were found with regard to the type of detention, as prisoners in open enforcement showed significantly less symptoms compared to those in pretrial prevention and preventive detention. The participants reported in general more somatic symptoms as sleep disturbances and fatigue compared to mood items as feelings of sadness. Originality: It is the first study assessing the affective state of older prisoners in Germany. The high rate of depressive symptoms in our sample is in line with findings from international studies underlining the need for adequate diagnostics and therapy. In addition, in a previous study depression was indirectly linked with a greater risk of re-incarceration, fortifying the need for successful treatment of depression in prison both for the individuum and for society.