bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Methodology for Discovering Upstream and Downstream Causal Relationships in Stock Market
Authors:   Department of Computer Science, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telengana State, India., Bhoopathi Harchana , Rama B ,   Department of Computer Science, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telengana State, India.
Published: August 2019

Causal relationships between events pertaining to stock market have potential to influence the stakeholders of the companies associated with those events. Understanding causal relationships in stock markets help in making intelligent decisions. Traditional prediction approaches cannot estimate the upstream and downstream causal relationships. Therefore, it is inevitable to consider portfolios that exhibit causal relationships. Simple correlation between variables may not reflect causal relationships unless there is an event that is the result of occurrence of another event. Finding upstream and downstream causal relationships is challenging. In the literature it is found that inter-transactional details can help in finding causal relationships. Based on this idea, in this paper, we planneda methodology to mine upstream and downstream causal relationships. An algorithm by name Upstream Downstream - Causal Relationship Mining (UD-CRM) is proposed to achieve this. The framework and underlying algorithm produce specific rules that are used to conclude causal relations. Experiments are made with stock dataset using a prototype application built. The experimental results revealed that the proposed framework is useful and performance better than existing approach.
Three Phase 9-Level Hybridised Cascaded Multi-Level Inverter for Use in Smart Grid
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Electrical Engineering, Andhra University College of Engineering (A), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, , India., Arumbakan Joshua , Vaisakh Kanchapogu ,   Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Andhra University College of Engineering (A), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, , India.
Published: August 2019

Smart grid technology can be best utilized by having proper grid supporting equipment. This paper demonstrates the use of a three-phase, 9-level, hybridised cascaded multi-level inverter topology in a smart grid. A pulse width modulation scheme with phase disposition is employed in this inverter to control the firing signals to operate this circuit. These firing signals can be monitored and controlled for optimal usage in smart grid operation. Operational principles with switching equations are described in detail. Crucial voltage identification has been performed by analyzing the THD in output during source shortages by performing Fast Fourier transform analysis. Least THD of 15.82% is attained in the output voltage waveform of the proposed three phase inverter topology.
A Novel Compact Microstrip UWB Rectangular Stair Slot Antenna for the Analysis of Return Losses
Authors:   Department of ECE, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore - 641114, India, Jone A. Amir Anton , Mary T. Anita Jones ,   Department of ECE, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore - 641114, India
Published: August 2019

This article deals with the various designs of a novel compact microstrip fed UWB antenna to investigate the corresponding return losses of different structures. The dimension of the designed antenna is 33 x 19 x 1.9 mm3 with FR4 substrate and it can be operated from 2.846 - 11.7458 GHz. The effects of varying the structure of antenna are to exhibit the investigation of corresponding return losses. Different structures of antenna are simulated in Ansoft HFSS simulator. The results of return losses and radiation patterns are explored with the ultra wide band (UWB) rectangular Stair slot antenna. The modified structure of antenna shows the minimized return loss with an enhanced bandwidth that satisfies good UWB characteristics. Antenna performance can also be explored from the radiation behavior of the antenna which is relatively omni-directional pattern for rectangular Stair slot antenna
CLDC: Efficient Classification of Medical Data Using Class Level Disease Convergence Divergence Measure
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Misrimal Navajee Munoth Jain Engineering College, Chennai, India., Ananthajothi K. , Subramaniam M. ,   Professor, S.A. Engineering College, Chennai, India.
Published: August 2019

The problem of medical data classification is analyzed and the methods of classification are reviewed in various aspects. However, the efficiency of classification algorithms is still under question. With the motivation to leverage the classification performance, a Class Level disease Convergence and Divergence (CLDC) measure based algorithm is presented in this paper. For any dimension of medical data, it convergence or divergence indicates the support for the disease class. Initially, the data set has been preprocessed to remove the noisy data points. Further, the method estimates disease convergence/divergence measure on different dimensions. The convergence measure is computed based on the frequency of dimensional match where the divergence is estimated based on the dimensional match of other classes. Based on the measures a disease support factor is estimated. The value of disease support has been used to classify the data point and improves the classification performance.
Mechanical Behaviour of Self Compacting Concrete by using M-sand & Rice Husk ash
Authors:   HoD & Professor, Department of Civil Engineering. Gokarajur Rangaraju Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, India., Reddy.V Dr.Mallikarjuna , B Bhaskar. ,   M.Tech Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Gokarajur Rangaraju Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, India.
Published: August 2019

Rice husk ash (RHA) is an agricultural based pozzolanic material, which contains high amount of silica content. This experimental research was conducted on Self Compaction Concrete (SCC), to generate an economical concrete by using Manufactured Sand (M-sand) and Rice Husk Ash. Natural River sand usage is damaging the river beds, causing the drastic changes in ground water table and cost of river sand increasing day by day. To overcome this problems manufactured sand is used in SCC production. Rice husk Ash is very cheaper when compared to the Cement. It is extracted from Rice Husk which is a waste of Agricultural product. This material can be useful to generate a sustainable construction material. This paper presents the experimental results on development of mechanical properties of SCC with M-sand and Rice Husk Ash. Experiment conducted on 6 different mixes. i.e Partial Replacement with RHA (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%). For each mix Fresh properties (Slump flow & L-Box Test) & mechanical properties (Compressive strength, Split Tensile strength and Flexural strength) for 7days, 28days and 60days along with Density comparisons are compared.
Removal of Initial Phase Transient Current in DC-DC Boost Converter using Modified Switched Inductor
Authors:   Electrical Engineering Department National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research Chandigarh, India., Gupta Preeti , S.L. Shimi ,   Electrical Engineering Department National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research Chandigarh, India.
Published: August 2019

This paper presents the removal of initial phase transient currents in an existing dc-dc boost converter topology with the help of a modified switched inductor cell. In an earlier proposed topology, a novel single switch boost converter was proposed with high voltage gain, which however gave a high initial transient current of the order of 26kA on simulating in MATLAB Simulink environment. This initial phase current was removed by placing a small valued inductor and a freewheeling diode in series with boost capacitor. The inductor is placed in parallel with the diode and creates an open circuit initially, this arrangement limits the current to a bearable value, i.e. approximately 180A, without compromising with the high gain of the cell. The results of the proposed modifications are validated using MATLAB Simulink.
Influence of Lime and Brick Dust on Compaction and Strength Properties of Clay Soil When Mixed With Ldpe
Authors:   MEStudent, Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University Mohali, India, Khaliq Sameer , Malik Mohammad Irshad ,   Assistant Professor ,Department of civil engineering, Chandigarh University Mohali, India., Singh Jagdeep ,   Assistant Professor, Department of civil engineering, Chandigarh University Mohali, India.
Published: August 2019

Soil is an essential part of construction and forms a base for all the essential activities of construction. Soil is not same at all places and sometimes lacks in various properties. So, to improve its various qualities and to meet the engineering requirements like quality, durability, etc., we can achieve it by adding suitable admixtures such as, lime, cement, fly ash, plastic, gypsum etc. This not only improves the properties of soil but also reduces the quantities of waste in the environment. The aim of this study is to experimentally investigate the effects of adding Lime, Brick dust and Plastic and low density polyethylene to Clayey Soil. The low density polyethylene is a vital environmental pollutant and its biodegradation is the focus of the present study. The clay soil used was taken near Baddi, Himachal Pradesh. The optimum contents of Lime, Brick dust and LDPE in the Clay soil was found by Standard Proctor Test and CBR test, and the results showed by adding 20% lime , 8% Brick dust and 1.5% LDPE in the Clay soil, we get the maximum Bearing Capacity of the mixture.
Identification and Classification of Cataract Stages in Old Age People Using Deep Learning Algorithm
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dr.Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India., M Sahana , S Gowrishankar ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dr.Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India.
Published: August 2019

Cataract is a dense cloudy area that forms in a lens of the eye because of which many people are going blind. More than 50% of people in old age suffer due to cataract and will not have a clear vision. In the convolutional neural network, there are many trained models which help in the classification of the object. We use transfer learning technology to train the model for the data set we have. The image feature extraction model with the inception V3 architecture trained on image net. Cataract and normal image dataset are collected. A cataract is further divided into a mature and immature cataract. The result shows whether the image is either a normal eye or cataract eye with the model accuracy being 87.5%. If in the presence of cataract, the model will identify the stage of cataract.
Partial Fingerprint Recognition of Feature Extraction and Improving Accelerated KAZE Feature Matching Algorithm
Authors:   Department of computer Applications ,Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India., Gayathiri P. , Punithavalli M. ,   Department of computer Applications, Bharathiar university,
Published: August 2019

Nowadays for Personal Identification Numbers (PIN) and passwords an efficient and secure alternative has been used which is called e-security. Due to the various computer frauds like identity theft and computer hacking there is a rapid increase in the financial losses of payment. In present day, the banking sector is accepting the payments through credit cards for every on-line as well as offline transaction which actually encourages the cashless payments. It will be the foremost convenient because of do on-line looking out, bills payments etc. Therefore, there is also increase in the fraud risks that area associated with the misuse of the credit cards as a result of technology development. So we go for biometric security to resolve this problem. The aim of our study is to given security through biometric technology of fingerprint recognition. Minutiae extraction and minutiae matching technique of AKAZE to boost the accuracy and high speed computation.
An Experimental Programme on Frc with Opc, Flyash, Ggbs, and Metakaolin
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering Gokaraju Rangaraju institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, India,, Sanjeev Dr.N. , Manoj Katta. ,   Department of Civil Engineering Gokaraju Rangaraju institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, India
Published: August 2019

The production of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is increasing year by year world over. Further, the production of every tonne of OPC generates one tonne of green house gases, (CO2) which results in Global Warming. Usage of OPC is more in construction industry as it is a major ingredient in Concrete. As the usage of Concrete is increasing year by year, more and more is the OPC production and hence the environment is getting polluted; added to this undesirable scenario, the natural resources like lime stone used to manufacture cement and river sand are getting depleted year by year. In order to prevent the usage of large amounts of OPC in Concrete, mineral admixtures like Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GGBS), Fly Ash and Metakaolin which are pozzolanic and cementitious in nature are adopted to replace certain percentages of OPC. Manufactured Sand (M-sand) is adopted to replace river sand. Experimental investigation is conducted on fiber reinforced concrete with steel fibers @1% of weight of binder by casting requisite number of cubes and cylinders of concrete of grade M25; in these mixes OPC is replaced with GGBS, Fly Ash and Metakaolin up to 45%. Mechanical properties are determined by conducting compressive strength and split tensile strength tests; additionally some of the durability properties are established by conducting Water absorption and Sorptivity tests. Test results are comparable between controlled concrete and innovative concrete of present investigation.
An Effective Software Effort Estimation based on Functional Points using Soft Computing Techniques
Authors:   Dept. of CSE, Aditya Engineering College, JNTUK Kakinada, AP, INDIA., Sree Dr. S. Rama , S.N.S.V.S.C Ramesh ,   Dept. of CSE, Aditya College Of Engineering& Technology, JNTUK Kakinada, AP,INDIA, Rao Ch Prasada ,   Dept. of CSE, Aditya Engineering College, JNTUK Kakinada, AP, INDIA
Published: August 2019

Still in this 21st century, it is a great challenge for the Project Managers to make the software projects successful. The success of software projects relies on how accurately the estimates of effort, cost and duration can be made. Most of the standard surveys stated that only 30-40% of software projects are successful and the remaining are either challenged, cancelled or failed. One of the key reasons for failure of projects is inaccurate estimations. Effort Estimation should be carried out in the early stage of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) and it is an essential activity to establish scope & business case of software project management activities. Over estimation or under estimation leads to failure of the software projects. Many of the stakeholders are expecting the estimation of development effort in early stage for their better bidding. There are many methodologies like KLOC, Use Case Points (UCP), Class Points, Story Points, Test Case Points, Functional Points (FP), etc. to estimate effort in the software development. To estimate the effort in the early stage of software development, UCP, Story Points and FP are more preferable. The methods for estimation may be adopted based on the project complexity, functionality, approaches etc. In order to achieve an efficient and reliable effort estimate and thereby have a proper execution of software development plan, Soft Computing Techniques can be adopted in the various organizations and different research domains. In this paper, Functional Points have been selected for effort estimation and implemented using soft computing techniques like Neural Networks and Neuro Fuzzy techniques. After examination the results are evaluated using different error measures like VAF,MMRE,RAE, RRSE and PRED. Basing on results it is observed that the Neuro Fuzzy techniques provided better effort estimates
Analyze The Effects of Quarantine And Vaccination on Malware Propagation in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors:   Associate Professor in Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Trident Academy of Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha., Biswal Satya Ranjan , Swain Santosh Kumar ,   Professor in department of Computer Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha
Published: August 2019

Malware (worm, virus, malicious signals, etc.) propagation in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is one of the important concern. The WSN becomes unstable due to presence of malicious signals. Vulnerability of WSN is very high because of the structural constraint of sensor nodes. The attackers target a sensor node of WSN for malware attack. A single infected node starts to spread the malware in the entire network through neighbouring nodes. Therefore, for controlling of malware propagation in WSN a mathematical model is developed. The developed model is based on epidemic theory. The developed model consist of five states such as Susceptible-Infectious-Quarantine-Vaccination-Dead (SIQVD). The quarantine is a method through which to cease the infection spread in WSN. And through vaccination eliminate the malware from the network. The combination of quarantine and vaccination technique improves the network stability. This technique prevents malware propagation in WSN. The basic reproduction number ( ) of the model is deduced. The stability of the network depends on the value of basic reproduction number. It is found that if the value of is less than one the network system exist in malware-fee state, otherwise in endemic state. The equilibrium points of the system is obtained. The effects of quarantine and vaccination has been analyzed on system performance. The theoretical findings are verified by simulation results. Attack Epidemic model Equilibrium point Malware propagation Security Wireless Sensor Network
A Novel Algorithm for Soil Image Segmentation using Color and Region Based System
Authors:   Research Associate, School of Information Technology and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India, A Prathik. , J Anuradha. ,   Associate Professor, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India,, K Uma. ,   Associate Professor, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
Published: August 2019

In the recent research era data mining is a very essential research domain. The data mining techniques are used to extract significant knowledge in agriculture management. These techniques are time consuming and less expensive than the statistical techniques. Many Researchers develop efficient techniques to improve the productivity of agriculture. This paper developed a new segment method to segment the soil region from other information. This research introduced Color and Region Based segment method to separate the soil region from its background. To evaluate the proposed segmentation the five metrics are used dice coefficient, jaccard index, Sensitivity, Specificity and Precision. The new approach produced 98% accuracy, 98% Sensitivity and 98% Specificity.
Multi Spectral Coding in RADAR Signal Conditioning using Recurrent Spectral Mapping
Authors:   Research Scholar, Dept.of ECE, Jawaharlal Nehru Technical University, Hyderabad, India., Babu K. Satish , Sarma P. S. ,   Retd. Professor, Aurora's technological and Research Institute, Hyderabad, India., Madhaveelatha Y. ,   Professor, Dept. of ECE, Mallareddy college of engineering for women, Hyderabad, India
Published: August 2019

Observed varying interference in radar signal processing limits the accuracy of target detection. Signal processing approaches using spectral coding are used in computing the Doppler. The spectral processing are however computationally slower due to large processing coefficients. In this paper, a new selective process for spectral bands is proposed using recurrent band mapping to derive a scale level selection in radar processing. A stopping criterion developed, limits the additional computation overhead in radar signal processing, and reduces the delay in computation of decision making. The simulation of the proposed approach validates the Doppler profile and delay parameter under different data rate and fractional order of receiving signal.
Influence of Gr, MoS2 and BN on the Hardness and Wear resistance of AA2014 Hybrid Composite after Artificial Aging
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, Amrita VishwaVidyapeetham, India., Murali Sachin K , Shanmugasundaram A ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, Amrita VishwaVidyapeetham, India.
Published: August 2019

The main objective of this research work is to study the effect of tribological behaviors and mechanical properties of Aluminium alloy 2014 (AA2014) hybrid composite reinforced with Boron Nitride (BN), Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and graphite (Gr). Stir casting technique is used for the fabrication of this composite material. The composite is subjected to three step ageing process which consists of solution heat treatment, quenching and aging. The base alloy was reinforced with 4 wt.% of BN, 4wt.% MoS2 and 4, 6, 8 wt.% of Gr. The hardness of the composite steadily increased up to 6 wt. % of graphite and further increase in graphite decreases the hardness. The sample with Graphite of 4 wt. % resulted in maximum hardness of 192 HV with respect to AA2014 base hardness. Addition of graphite up to 6% resulted in lower wear rate when compared to the base metal. The wear rate of sample with Graphite of 4 wt. % is reduced by 49 % from that of the base metal at maximum wear condition. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were used for the characterization of composite.
Substation Maintenance Optimization By Considering Ageing Equipment
Authors:   BHEL, Corporate Research & Development, Hyderabad, India., Prasad N.V.P.R. Durga , Radhakrishna Dr. C. ,   His Department Jawaharlal Nehru Technolgical Unviersity Hyderabad, India,
Published: August 2019

Distribution utilities are facing multitude of challenges like cost optimization, profit maximization, increasing customer satisfaction, government subsidies and changing technology. These myriad of goals are making the utilities to treat the operating and maintaining substations and their assets as a business process and it goal is to maximize the Return On Investment (ROI) on each asset. This is achieved by maintaining each asset at its optimal condition with minimum maintenance cost so as to yield more revenue per asset. Maintenance is a core process and a tweaking parameter in the asset management. Well optimized maintenance management along with the structured life cycle asset management will guarantee the overall performance. Maintenance optimization is carried out using the equipment models considering the effect of maintenance and deterioration due to aging. Objective function for Optimization is minimizing the maintenance cost and cost due to interruptions.
Reduced Complexity Trellis for Coded Modulation on Channels Subjected to ISI
Authors:   department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, CMR Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India., Shivakumar Vanaja
Published: August 2019

The objective in this paper is to analyze the structural complexity of the non-binary coded modulation schemes for transmission over the digital communication channels which are band-limited and subjected to Intersymbol Interference (ISI). The design of reduced complexity M-QAM Coded Modulation schemes are analyzed algebraically. The performance is demonstrated through simulation.
Artificial Intelligence based Human Facial Action Recognition by Deep Learning Neural Network
Authors:   Computer Science and Engineering, PDACE, Kalaburgi, India, Nandyal Dr.Suvarna , Lakshmi  ,   Computer Science and Engineering, PDACE, Kalaburgi, India,
Published: August 2019

The modern era of digital devices which will be equipped with the dedicated machine will have the built in features to perform the special needs of the human. The mobile devices comes with the special cameras which will produces the high quality images. Human face and the facial expression system has been in the interesting field due to the great level of application it possesses. The face unlock, face detection in security areas and also the facial expression recognition has been in demand of development. The human exhibits the multiple type of expressions anger, sad, surprise, happy and many more. These expressions have special notation based on the human feelings and scenario. The Digital image processing technology has provided the tools to work with the images and will use the edge features, skin mapping and supervised knowledge based classifier to recognize the expressions posed by the human to assist the need.
Classification of Landsat-8 Imagery Based On Pca And Ndvi Methods
Authors:   Research Scholar, Dept of ECE, JNTUA, Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh., Dasu M Venkata , Reddy Dr P V N ,   Principal, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Balaji Nagar, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, Reddy Dr S Chandra Mohan ,   Associate Professor, Dept of ECE JNTUA, Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh.
Published: August 2019

Remote sensing is an important issue in satellite image classification. In developing a significant sustainable system in agriculture farming, the major concern for remote sensing applications is the crop classification mechanism. The other important application in remote sensing is urban classification which gives the information about houses, roads, buildings, vegetation etc. A superior indicator for the presence of vegetation can be computed from the vegetation indices of a satellite image. This indicator supports in describing the health of vegetation through the image attributes like greenness and density. The other parameter in detecting objects or region of interest is an image is the texture. A satellite image contains spectral information and can be represented by more spectral bands and classification is very tough task. Generally, Classification of individual pixels in satellite images is based on the spectral information. In this research paper Principle component analysis and combination of PCA and NDVI classification methods are applied on Landsat-8 images. These images are acquired from USGS. The performance of these methods is compared in statistical parameters such as Kappa coefficient, overall accuracy, user’s accuracy, precision accuracy and F1 accuracy. In this work existing method is PCA and proposed method is PCA+NDVI. Experimental results shows that the proposed method has better statistical values compared to existing method.
Design of Te21 Mode Coupler in Ka Band for Antenna Feeds
Authors:   Electronics and communication engineering, CVR College of Engineering, Hyderabad, India., Ruqiya  , Krishna CHVRS Gopala ,   Electronics and communication engineering, CVR College of Engineering, Hyderabad, India., Rao L. Nageswara ,   Electronics and communication engineering, CVR College of Engineering, Hyderabad, India.
Published: August 2019

In this paper, a compact TE21 mode coupler is designed for tracking Low Earth Orbit Satellites. The tracking feed has to be employed to provide the error signal to servo systems feedback mechanism. The design incorporates the circular and eight rectangular waveguides with 13 asymmetric circular apertures on a single rectangular arm. The arrangement is small in size provides good return loss and VSWR The designed configuration presents return loss is better than -30dB and VSWR around 1.06 for frequency range of 25.5-27GHz. The designed model is simulated and analysed using CST.
Egg Productivity in the Quails Fed on the Extract of Calendula Officinalis
Authors:   Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy, Russia., Bagno Olga , Shevchenko Sergey ,   Gorno-Altai State University, Russia., Shevchenko Antonina ,   Gorno-Altai State University, Russia., Izhmulkina Ekaterina ,   Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy, Russia., Prokhorov Oleg ,   Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy, Russia., Petruchenko Alina ,   Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy, Russia.
Published: August 2019

In the last decades, in the majority of the developed countries of the world, one of the trends in obtaining food products, including those of animal origin, has been obtaining organic products that do not contain artificial ingredients: antibiotics, growth promoters, GMOs, or any other biologically active substances of other than the natural origin. Currently, phytobiotics, i.e., active components of various plants are successfully used as their substitutes for preserving the health of animals and poultry, and for improving their productivity. The authors have studied the effect of the extract of Calendula Officinalis obtained at the Agroecology scientific laboratory of the Kemerovo SAI using the method of water-ethanol extraction followed by low temperature drying on the egg productivity of Manchurian quails. It has been found that out of the three dosages of the preparation used in the experiment (800 mg, 1,600 mg and 2,400 mg per 1 kg of feed) the maximum positive effect on the studied parameters (egg production, morphological and chemical composition of eggs, feed used for the production of 10 eggs, poultry preservation rate) was observed for the dosage of Calendula Officinalis being equal to 800 mg/kg of feed.
Gaussian Energy Distribution of a RC-Circuit Based Single Discharge Pulse in Micro-EDM
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, NITTTR, Chandigarh, Bhanu Vishwa , Rao Dr. P. Sudhakar ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, NITTTR, Chandigarh.
Published: August 2019

Owing to the non-isoenergetic nature of discharge pulses in resistance-capacitance (RC) based micro-EDM (μEDM), the volume of micro-crater generated by each pulse varies significantly. This fact has driven the researchers in this work to propose an electrothermal principle-based analytical model to approximate dimensional (diameter and depth) accuracies of such micro-craters. An investigation has been done to robustly apprehend the nature of energy distribution during single discharge micromachining in μEDM. The study gradually substantiates the theoretical nature of energy distribution during a single discharge. The predicted nature of energy distribution helps in comprehending the volume removed from the workpiece, energy loss, and machining efficiency.
Watershed Management using Remote Sensing and Gis of Maheshwaram Watershed
Authors:   Accociate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Malla Reddy Institute of Technology, Maisammaguda, Dhulapally Hyderabad,, Singh Dr. Kavita , Kumar B Naveen ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Malla Reddy Institute of Technology, Maisammaguda, Dhulapally Hyderabad., Reddy Dr. M. Anji ,   Professor and Directorate of Research and Development Cell, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Kukatpally
Published: August 2019

Conservation of integrated watershed management essential resources plays an active role in reduction of unfavorable effects like soil erosion, production of food determining the exact water potential zones etc. Land potential is the main basis of managing watershed. Watershed management studies demand is increasing in the recent years. The study is not limited to drought prone areas, but also in humid and semi humid areas in order to maintain the survival of the crops in critical stages. The main objective of the current study area is management of Maheshwaram Watershed based on the rainfall data. In the study area the rainfall data is collected for the 10 years span (2006-2015) from ARI (Agricultural Research Institute) from Rajendra Nagar Hyderabad. Topographic maps are collected from Survey of India in order to prepare base map, digital elevation model (DEM), contour map, drainage map. The Second main objective of the study area is approximation on annual and monthly run-off by using rainfall data. Further Base map, DEM(Digital Elevation Model), contour map, drainage map, slope map, land use and Land cover map, TIN(Triangulated Irregular Network) maps were generated by Survey of India toposheet maps to prepare maps by using ArcGIS Software. Analysis of the study helps the decision makers to provide sustainable planning of the environment and economy in the future.
Virtual Reconstruction of Historical Architectural Monuments: Methods and Technologies
Authors:   Kazakh Leading Academy of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Nabiev Abdulkhalyk Sadykhozhaevich , Nurkusheva Lyazzat Tuleuvna ,   Kazakh Leading Academy of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Suleimenova Kymbat Kasymovna ,   Kazakh Leading Academy of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Sadvokasova Gaukhar Kasenovna ,   Kazakh Leading Academy of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Imanbaeva Zhanerke Askhatovna ,   Kazakh Leading Academy of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Published: August 2019

The paper examines and shows the relevance of the reconstruction of architectural monuments at the present stage. Moreover, methodological techniques of historical heritage reconstruction, including using computer technology, are thoroughly analyzed. Scientific publications and data on the topic of virtual reconstruction of architectural monuments are closely studied. The role of literary and documentary descriptions of historical monuments is defined as the main method used in virtual reconstruction. As a result of an in-depth analysis of the issue, it is predicted that the virtual method of reconstruction will become the leading scientific and research system for the restoration of historical and cultural heritage. It enhances the level of scientific research by involving more researchers in the study of architectural monuments of the past. Conceptual methods and the possibility of their introduction into programs of educational institutions of the architectural profile are considered. Technical accessibility and availability of the results of academic research will provide one with an opportunity to become familiar with the architectural monuments of other countries. Moreover, virtual reconstruction creates the basis for the formation of virtual museum spaces, which contributes to the enhancement of the intellectual and educational process on the global level.
FPGA Based Engine Control Module for Fuel Injection System
Authors:   School of Electronics and Telecommunication, Maharashtra Institute of Technology World Peace University (MIT-WPU), Pune , India, Ghatole Surabhi , Zodpe Harshali ,   School of Electronics and Telecommunication, Maharashtra Institute of Technology World Peace University (MIT-WPU), Pune , India
Published: August 2019

Fuel injection system is an indispensible part of the present day automobiles. The depletion of the fuels along with continuous surge in the fuel prices has made it imperative to use fuel economically and restricting the wastage to a minimum. Contrary to the carburetor, using predefined amount of fuel irrespective of the environment, Fuel Injection System uses just the required amount of fuel based on the operating conditions as sensed by the Engine Control Module (ECM). Numerous parameters are required to be sensed by the ECM to achieve optimum efficiency of the engine. To handle the processing of such large number of parameters, a robust architecture is required. This paper presents the design and implementation of ECM utilized in Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) system on a Field Programmable Gate Array. The ECM architecture discussed in the proposed system is computationally efficient enough to fulfill ever-increasing functionalities of the ECM. The main objective of this research is to sense the parameters required for the ECM analysis and to interpret and analyze this data and accordingly control the solenoid (actuator). The CAN controller is also deployed in an FPGA to facilitate the communication between ECM and Human Machine Interface (HMI) to indicate the parameters sensed by the sensor on the LCD. The target device (FPGA) for this work is Xilinx Spartan 3E and the design tool is Xilinx ISE 14.7 with the ECM and CAN controller being modeled in Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL).
A Security Framework for A Sustainable Smart Ecosystem using Permissioned Blockchain: Performance Evaluation
Authors:   Department of Information Technology, St. Joseph’s College, Trichy, India., Richard Roy George Gabriel , Kumar Dr. S. Britto Ramesh ,   (Research Supervisor), Department of Computer Science, St. Joseph’s College, Trichy, India.
Published: August 2019

This world always revolves around technology. There is always some disruptive technology that topples down any technology that people normally consider as a de-facto standard or norm. The Internet was one of these disruptive technologies which turned the whole way of how people were communicating with each other. It has revolutionized computing and communication. After a few decades of disruption, today people have accustomed to make their jobs easier with automation, remote control over the Internet, unsupervised actuation etc., This is all feasible with the advent of Internet of Things (IoT). IoT is one of the disruptive technologies of this era. Consumers of IoT are of different sorts ranging from, normal home automation to space engineering. These consumers share important details in these IoT networks which are susceptible to attacks from intruders who abuse the flaws of the IoT network for their own benefit. IoT security is one of the major concerns among all the issues of implementing an IoT based solution. Blockchain another disruptive technology is amalgamated to form a robust secure Smart Home Ecosystem. An Ecosystem is designed to incorporate IoT and Blockchain seamlessly. Where services could be automated and operated in a secure manner. This paper proposes the performance results of a Security framework for a Sustainable Smart Ecosystem using permissioned Blockchain.
Implementation of FFT Architecture using Various Adders
Authors:   Electronics and Communication, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India., Verma Mallika , Bhardwaj Ankur ,   Electronics and Communication, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: August 2019

In 1965 a technique called Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) was invented to find the Fourier Transform. This paper compares three architectures, the basic architecture/ non-reduced architecture of FFT, decomposed FFT architecture without retiming and decomposed FFT architecture with retiming. In each case, the adder used will be Ripple Carry Adder (RCA) and Carry Save Adder (CSA). A fast Fourier transform (FFT) calculates the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) or the inverse (IDFT) of a sequence. Fourier analysis transforms a signal from time to frequency domain or vice versa. One of the most burgeoning use of FFT is in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) used by most cell phones, followed by the use in image processing. The synthesis has been carried out on Xilinx ISE Design Suite 14.7. There is a decrease in delay of 0.824% in Ripple Carry Adder and 6.869% in Carry Save Adder, further the reduced architecture for both the RCA and CSA architectures shows significant area optimization (approximately 20%) from the non-reduced counterparts of the FFT implementation.
Effects of Forced Cooling In Laser Forming
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering (Manufacturing Technology), National Institute of Technical Teachers Training & Research, Chandigarh, India., Kumar Sachin , Dhami Sukhdeep Singh ,   Mechanical Engineering (Head of Department), National Institute of Technical Teachers Training & Research, Chandigarh, India.
Published: August 2019

This paper presents the numerical bending studies of the alloy sheet of Magnesium M1A to achieve the bigger bending angle in a single laser forming process. A three-dimensional model of finite elements was created and different simulations were performed for sheet laser bending. Magnesium alloys are difficult-to-form yet have huge applications in automobile and aerospace industries because of its high strength to weight ratio. To study the sheet bending method and effect of various process parameters including laser scanning velocity, beam diameter and laser power, a three-dimensional numerical model was developed. The developed numerical model was designed with ABAQUS Simulia and validated with the published numerical model. On the validated numerical model, a further number of simulations were performed to understand the effects of forced cooling conditions in single scan laser forming process. This research work concluded that forced cooling conditions in laser forming can be used to increase the bend angle in a single scan.
Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Based Reactive Power Optimization in Distribution Network
Authors:   student of University Institute of Technology, Rajiv Gandhi Prodyogiki Vishwavidyalaya Bhopal Madhya Pradesh, Patel Amar Nath , Jain Mrs. Shobhna ,   assistant professor in department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering of University Institute of technology, Rajiv Gandhi Prodyogiki Vishwavidyalaya Bhopal.
Published: August 2019

Minimization of power loss is the first priority of the power companies. Generally power loss is directly proportional to the reactive power demand and minimization of this is known as reactive power optimization (RPO). In this paper we are trying to minimize the reactive power loss with help of distributed generation. Distributed generation provides active as well as reactive power locally so, there is no need of taking the reactive power from the generator consequently reactive power loss minimizes. Now problem arises that where to place the distributed generation to have minimum power loss. To find the optimal location of the distributed generation, we have used particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO). For that we have defined the fitness function as well as constraints. Constraints limits the value of variable within the defined range. Fitness function is sum of real power loss index, reactive power loss index and voltage deviation index. We have also used genetic algorithm just to compare the results and to find which one is better out of genetic algorithm and PSO. RPO increases the power transfer capability, reduces the line loss and boost the system stability therefore it can be applied in the distribution network.
050419-OA- Spinal-Beena
Authors: Khan Tariq H
Published: August 2019

Background: Spinal anaesthesia is a reliable and safe technique for infra-umbilical surgeries. Preservative-free 2-chloroprocaine has re-emerged for use in spinal anaesthesia. We compared onset and duration of sensory block with intrathecal use of 1% 2-Chloroprocaine (30 mg) or 0.5% Hyperbaric Bupivacaine (15 mg) as primary objective. Secondary objectives being onset and duration of motor block, duration of analgesia, time to return of voiding function, hemodynamic parameters and side effects.

Materials and Methods: 90 patients of age group 18-60 years, either sex, belonging to ASA physical status I/II undergoing infra-umbilical surgeries were randomly divided into two groups, 1% 2-chloroprocaine Group A (n=45) and 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine Group B (n=45). Each group received intrathecally either 30 mg of 2-Chloroprocaine or 15 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine 15 mg. For statistical analysis unpaired-t-test and chi-square test were used.

 Results: Earlier onset and shorter duration of sensory block were observed in Group A as compared to Group B respectively (p < 0.001). Similarly, onset was earlier and duration of motor block, duration of analgesia and time to return of voiding function were shorter in Group A as compared to Group B respectively (p < 0.001). Hemodynamic parameters (HR, MAP) were comparable in both groups.

Conclusion: Intrathecal 1% 2-Chloroprocaine 30 mg provides spinal anaesthesia of adequate duration for infra-umbilical surgeries with the advantage of earlier onset and faster regression of spinal block resulting in earlier voiding with stable hemodynamics as compared to 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 15 mg.

Keywords: Infra-umbilical surgeries, 2- chloroprocaine, Bupivacaine, Spinal Anaesthesia, Sensory Block, Motor Block.
Introduction 1-1
Authors: Raza Syed Sami
Published: August 2019

In early 2015 I began to think of starting a research journal in the field of human rights in Pakistan. There were three impetuses to start this initiative: first, the fact of matter that there was no research journal in the field of human rights published from Pakistan by then; second, the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan was financially supporting such initiatives; and third, my academic background in constitutional theory and politics that made me feel that I could start this initiative. However, it took more than three years to finally see the initiative taking off the ground (-this introduction is written at the end of 2018).
Implementation of Network Motion Systemusing RTEX Network for XY Gantry
Authors: Kim Byounghee , Song Sinwoo , Hwang Euicheong , Rho Kyoungdyuk , Lee Jonghyo
Published: August 2019

Recently, the weapon systems are more and more complex and the demands for handling and maintaining these complex systems effectively are increased. For this reason, industrial control network had been developed for many years and the needs for the development of a totally networked automation environment are raised. To meet these requirements, networked motion control systems tend more and more to replace the traditional solutions. In this paper, the XY platform motion control system employing RTEX (Real Time Express) network which is one of the Ethernet based vender-oriented industrial networks is tackled. The network motion controller which generates motion profile and outputs the pulse train is implemented and is applied to XY platform. As results, it is shown that the proposed network motion controller works properly to control the XY platform and monitors the system easily through network.
Correlation of Simulated Results with Experimental Modal Analysis for
an Asymmetric Structure
Authors: Shah Mitul , Karnik M. G.
Published: August 2019

The aim of this study is to investigate the reasons of the discrepancies in results of modal analysis due to Finite Element (FE) simulation and inaccuracies in Experimental Modal Analysis (EMA) for an asymmetric structure. An asymmetric structure with 87 stitch welds is simulated, tested and correlated. As the initial FE-EMA correlation showed frequency differences of over 24%, an optimization model is developed for the model to bring FE results close to EMA. FE optimization is performed with each weld modeled as a separate component which led to FE-EMA frequency difference reduced from over 24% to about 10%. The sources of error in FEA were identified as non-incorporation of manufacturing deviations such as efficacy of the welds, changes in stiffness due to changes in microstructure of Heat Affected Zone (HAZ), dimensional tolerances of components
in assembly and variation of sheet thickness across the model.