bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential environmental impact of mycelium composites on African communities
Authors: Akromah Stefania , Chandarana Neha , Rowlandson Jemma L. , Eichhorn Stephen J.
Published: May 2024

The ecological and economic benefits of mycelium composites offer a promising opportunity for supporting sustainable development in Africa. This study focuses on assessing the environmental impact of mycelium composites for building and construction (MCBs) by conducting a life cycle assessment (LCA) in the context of Africa. It is demonstrated that the potential environmental impact of MCBs is substantially influenced by the use and source of electrical power for autoclaves, incubators, and ovens, making the culturing and post-processing phases the major environmental hotspots. The impact of MCB production is also relative to the energy mix of specific countries, being higher in countries that rely on fossil fuel energy (e.g., South Africa) and lower in those that rely more on renewable sources (e.g., Democratic Republic of the Congo, DRC). Furthermore, the impact of MCB production is found to be sensitive to travel distance, suggesting that situating production facilities closer to agricultural, agro-industrial, and/or forestry waste sources could be more beneficial than interregional sourcing, for example. It is also demonstrated that MCBs have the potential to be a more ecologically sustainable alternative to some conventional construction materials (e.g., concrete) over an entire life cycle. Based on the insights obtained from this LCA, some recommendations have been proposed to address potential environmental repercussions pre-emptively and proactively: this is particularly important for nations, mainly in the Global South, that exhibit low resilience to climate change due to limited economic resources. Furthermore, with the rapid expansion of mycelium composite technology, there is a need to increase awareness about its potential environmental impact and, ultimately, to mitigate its potential contribution to pressing environmental concerns (e.g., global warming and climate change). Consequently, this study also adds to the existing body of literature on LCA studies, delineating key factors for consideration in future LCA studies and providing guidance for the sustainable establishment and expansion of this technology.
Collaborative artificial intelligence system for investigation of healthcare claims compliance
Authors: Sbodio Marco Luca , López Vanessa , Hoang Thanh Lam , Brisimi Theodora , Picco Gabriele , Vejsbjerg Inge , Rho Valentina , Mac Aonghusa Pol , Kristiansen Morten , Segrave-Daly John
Published: May 2024

Healthcare fraud, waste and abuse are costly problems that have huge impact on society. Traditional approaches to identify non-compliant claims rely on auditing strategies requiring trained professionals, or on machine learning methods requiring labelled data and possibly lacking interpretability. We present Clais, a collaborative artificial intelligence system for claims analysis. Clais automatically extracts human-interpretable rules from healthcare policy documents (0.72 F1-score), and it enables professionals to edit and validate the extracted rules through an intuitive user interface. Clais executes the rules on claim records to identify non-compliance: on this task Clais significantly outperforms two baseline machine learning models, and its median F1-score is 1.0 (IQR = 0.83 to 1.0) when executing the extracted rules, and 1.0 (IQR = 1.0 to 1.0) when executing the same rules after human curation. Professionals confirm through a user study the usefulness of Clais in making their workflow simpler and more effective.
Analysis of the association between high antioxidant diet and lifestyle habits and diabetic retinopathy based on NHANES cross-sectional study
Authors: Qiao Qincheng , Liu Xingjian , Xue Wen , Chen Li , Hou Xinguo
Published: May 2024

Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in increasing the risk of developing diabetic retinopathy (DR). The oxidative balance score (OBS) and the composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) are two tools for assessing the effects of diet and lifestyle on oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between OBS, CDAI and the occurrence of DR. After controlling for potential confounders, OBS was negatively associated with DR with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.976 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.956–0.996, suggesting that for every unit increase in OBS, the risk of DR was reduced by 2.4%. In contrast, the relationship between OBS and CDAI was not significant (P > 0.05), suggesting that it was OBS, not CDAI, that contributed to the reduced risk of diabetic retinopathy. After adjusting for potential confounders, OBS was negatively associated with DR (OR: 0.976; 95% CI 0.956–0.996), but this association was not found in CDAI (P > 0.05), suggesting that for every one-unit increase in OBS, there was a 2.4% reduction in the risk of developing DR. This study suggests that a diet and lifestyle high in OBS reduces the risk of developing DR, which provides a rationale for nutritional interventions to prevent DR.
Development and validation of a reliable DNA copy-number-based machine learning algorithm (CopyClust) for breast cancer integrative cluster classification
Authors: Young Cameron C. , Eason Katherine , Manzano Garcia Raquel , Moulange Richard , Mukherjee Sach , Chin Suet-Feung , Caldas Carlos , Rueda Oscar M.
Published: May 2024

The Integrative Cluster subtypes (IntClusts) provide a framework for the classification of breast cancer tumors into 10 distinct groups based on copy number and gene expression, each with unique biological drivers of disease and clinical prognoses. Gene expression data is often lacking, and accurate classification of samples into IntClusts with copy number data alone is essential. Current classification methods achieve low accuracy when gene expression data are absent, warranting the development of new approaches to IntClust classification. Copy number data from 1980 breast cancer samples from METABRIC was used to train multiclass XGBoost machine learning algorithms (CopyClust). A piecewise constant fit was applied to the average copy number profile of each IntClust and unique breakpoints across the 10 profiles were identified and converted into ~ 500 genomic regions used as features for CopyClust. These models consisted of two approaches: a 10-class model with the final IntClust label predicted by a single multiclass model and a 6-class model with binary reclassification in which four pairs of IntClusts were combined for initial multiclass classification. Performance was validated on the TCGA dataset, with copy number data generated from both SNP arrays and WES platforms. CopyClust achieved 81% and 79% overall accuracy with the TCGA SNP and WES datasets, respectively, a nine-percentage point or greater improvement in overall IntClust subtype classification accuracy. CopyClust achieves a significant improvement over current methods in classification accuracy of IntClust subtypes for samples without available gene expression data and is an easily implementable algorithm for IntClust classification of breast cancer samples with copy number data.
Dichotomous frequency-dependent phase synchrony in the sensorimotor network characterizes simplistic movement
Authors: Buch Vivek P. , Brandon Cameron , Ramayya Ashwin G. , Lucas Timothy H. , Richardson Andrew G.
Published: May 2024

It is hypothesized that disparate brain regions interact via synchronous activity to control behavior. The nature of these interconnected ensembles remains an area of active investigation, and particularly the role of high frequency synchronous activity in simplistic behavior is not well known. Using intracranial electroencephalography, we explored the spectral dynamics and network connectivity of sensorimotor cortical activity during a simple motor task in seven epilepsy patients. Confirming prior work, we see a “spectral tilt” (increased high-frequency (HF, 70–100 Hz) and decreased low-frequency (LF, 3–33 Hz) broadband oscillatory activity) in motor regions during movement compared to rest, as well as an increase in LF synchrony between these regions using time-resolved phase-locking. We then explored this phenomenon in high frequency and found a robust but opposite effect, where time-resolved HF broadband phase-locking significantly decreased during movement. This “connectivity tilt” (increased LF synchrony and decreased HF synchrony) displayed a graded anatomical dependency, with the most robust pattern occurring in primary sensorimotor cortical interactions and less robust pattern occurring in associative cortical interactions. Connectivity in theta (3–7 Hz) and high beta (23–27 Hz) range had the most prominent low frequency contribution during movement, with theta synchrony building gradually while high beta having the most prominent effect immediately following the cue. There was a relatively sharp, opposite transition point in both the spectral and connectivity tilt at approximately 35 Hz. These findings support the hypothesis that task-relevant high-frequency spectral activity is stochastic and that the decrease in high-frequency synchrony may facilitate enhanced low frequency phase coupling and interregional communication. Thus, the “connectivity tilt” may characterize behaviorally meaningful cortical interactions.
Functional antibody responses targeting the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB.1.5 in elderly nursing home residents following Wuhan-Hu-1-based mRNA booster vaccination
Authors: Sánchez-Simarro Ángela , Fernández-Soto Daniel , Grau Brayan , Albert Eliseo , Giménez Estela , Avilés-Alía Ana Isabel , Gozalbo-Rovira Roberto , Rusu Luciana , Olea Beatriz , Geller Ron , Reyburn Hugh T. , Navarro David
Published: May 2024

The immune effector mechanisms involved in protecting against severe COVID-19 infection in elderly nursing home residents following vaccination or natural infection are not well understood. Here, we measured SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S)-directed functional antibody responses, including neutralizing antibodies (NtAb) and antibody Fc-mediated NK cell activity (degranulation and IFNγ production), against the Wuhan-Hu-1, BA.4/5 (for NtAb), and Omicron XBB.1.5 variants in elderly nursing home residents (n = 39; median age, 91 years) before and following a third (pre- and post-3D) and a fourth (pre- and post-4D) mRNA COVID-19 vaccine dose. Both 3D and 4D boosted NtAb levels against both (sub)variants. Likewise, 3D and 4D increased the ability of sera to trigger both LAMP1- and IFNγ-producing NK cells, in particular against XBB.1.5. In contrast to NtAb titres, the frequencies of LAMP1- and IFNγ-producing NK cells activated by antibodies binding to Wuhan-Hu-1 and Omicron XBB.1.5 S were comparable at all testing times. Stronger functional antibody responses were observed in vaccine-experienced participants compared to vaccine-naïve at some testing times. These findings can contribute to identifying a reliable correlate of protection in elderly nursing home residents against severe COVID-19 and inform future vaccine strategies in this population group.
Tracking the scaling of urban open spaces in China from 1990 to 2020
Authors: Xu Zhibang , Duan Xiaoqi , Lan Ting , Wu Yashi , Wang Cuiping , Zhong Yang , Wang Haowei
Published: May 2024

Urban open spaces (UOS) are crucial for urban life, offering benefits across individual and societal levels. However, the understanding of the systematic dynamic of UOS scaling with city size and its potential non-linear performance remains a limited clarity area. This study bridges this gap by integrating urban scaling laws with remote sensing data from 1990 to 2020, creating a framework to analyze UOS trends in China. Our findings reveal that UOS growth is sub-linear scaling with city size, exhibiting economies of scale with scaling exponents between 0.55 and 0.65 and suggesting potential shortages. The distribution structure of UOS across cities is becoming increasingly balanced, as indicated by the rising Zipf’s slope from 0.66 to 0.88. Southeastern coastal cities outperform, highlighting spatial variations and path dependency in UOS development. Additionally, using metrics of Scale-adjusted metropolitan indicator (SAMI) and the ratio of open space consumption to population growth rates (OCRPGR), we observe a trend towards more coordinated development between UOS and population, with a declining proportion of uncoordinated cities. Our long-term, large sample coverage study of UOS in China may offer positive significance for urban ecological planning and management in similar rapidly urbanizing countries, contributing to critical insights for quantifying and monitoring urban sustainable development.
On-demand photonic Ising machine with simplified Hamiltonian calculation by phase encoding and intensity detection
Authors: Ouyang Jiayi , Liao Yuxuan , Ma Zhiyao , Kong Deyang , Feng Xue , Zhang Xiang , Dong Xiaowen , Cui Kaiyu , Liu Fang , Zhang Wei , Huang Yidong
Published: May 2024

The photonic Ising machine is a new paradigm of optical computing that takes advantage of the unique properties of light wave propagation, parallel processing, and low-loss transmission. Thus, the process of solving combinatorial optimization problems can be accelerated through photonic/optoelectronic devices, but implementing photonic Ising machines that can solve arbitrary large-scale Ising problems with fast speed remains challenging. In this work, we have proposed and demonstrated the Phase Encoding and Intensity Detection Ising Annealer (PEIDIA) capable of solving arbitrary Ising problems on demand. The PEIDIA employs the heuristic algorithm and requires only one step of optical linear transformation with simplified Hamiltonian calculation by encoding the Ising spins on the phase term of the optical field and performing intensity detection during the solving process. As a proof of principle, several 20 and 30-spin Ising problems have been solved with high ground state probability (≥0.97/0.85 for the 20/30-spin Ising model).
Synthesis and spectral characterization of the phenothiazine-thiosemicarbazide probe for the optical solid-state detection of Hg2+ and Cu2+
Authors: Al-Zahrani Fatimah A. M. , Abdel-Lateef Mohamed A.
Published: May 2024

Application of the synthesized phenothiazine-thiosemicarbazide probe for optical solid-state detection of Hg2+ and Cu2+.
Mobility capillary electrophoresis–native mass spectrometry reveals the dynamic conformational equilibrium of calmodulin and its complexes
Authors: Zhao Yi , Zhang Wenjing , Hong Jie , Yang Lei , Wang Yuanyuan , Qu Feng , Xu Wei
Published: May 2024

Instead of possessing a fixed conformation, it is found that a calmodulin molecule actually jumps between two very distinct conformations. The binding of Ca2+ metal ions did not affect the structural dynamics of calmodulin.
Fabrication of a β-CD-functionalized magnetic microporous organic network for effective enrichment and detection of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in water samples
Authors: Cui Hong , Tian Qiuju , Liu Yunfeng , Liu Liangpo , Li Xiangjun , Nie Jisheng , Zhang Ruiping
Published: May 2024

A magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) method based on a carboxylated-β-CD-functionalized magnetic microporous organic network for the enrichment of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in water samples was developed.
Preparation of amphiphilic poly(divinylbenzene-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone)-functionalized polydopamine magnetic nanoadsorbents for enrichment of synthetic cannabinoids in wastewater
Authors: Li Xiuchen , Jiang Le , Di Bin , Hu Chi
Published: May 2024

Novel magnetic nanoadsorbents were synthesized and employed as adsorbents for magnetic solid-phase extraction of SCs from wastewater matrix within 20 min. Coupled with UHPLC-MS/MS method, nine SCs were quantified at trace levels in real wastewater.
Characterization and regulation of 2D–3D convertible lipid membrane transformation
Authors: Zhang Wancheng , Uei Yuta , Matsuura Tomoaki , Maruyama Atsushi
Published: May 2024

We employed flow cytometry to characterize 2D–3D convertible lipid membranes and regulated their folding orientation by covalently binding proteins on the outer leaflet of original giant unilamellar vesicles, ensuring their structure consistency.
Unexpected enrichment of DNA aptamers for Zn2+ ions from an insulin selection
Authors: Liu Yibo , Wang Xiaoqin , Liu Juewen
Published: May 2024

With an effort to select for DNA aptamers that can bind to insulin, Zn2+-binding aptamers were obtained instead. The Zn-1 aptamer showed 450-fold selectivity towards Zn2+ compared to Cd2+.
Modelling the growth reaction pathways of zincone ALD/MLD hybrid thin films: a DFT study
Authors: Mäkinen Mario , Weckman Timo , Laasonen Kari
Published: May 2024

ALD/MLD hybrid thin films can be fabricated by combining atomic layer deposition (ALD) and molecular layer deposition (MLD). The growth reactions of these hybrid thin films were studied using density functional theory (DFT).
Determination of energetic positions of electronic states and the exciton dynamics in a π-expanded N-heterotriangulene derivative adsorbed on Au(111)
Authors: Steidel Jakob , Michalsky Ina , Ajdari Mohsen , Kivala Milan , Tegeder Petra
Published: May 2024

We quantitatively determined the energetic positions of molecular electronic levels, achieved a detailed understanding of the electronic structure and insights into the exciton dynamics using energy- and time-resolved two-photon photoemission.
A chelated borinium cation
Authors: Major Christopher , Lough Alan , Stephan Douglas W.
Published: May 2024

Abstraction of fluoride from [RNSiMe2CH2]2BF (R = Dipp, 1-Ad) (Dipp = C6H3(iPr)2, Ad = C10H15) provides the corresponding chelated borinium salts, [(RNSiMe2CH2)2B][B(C6F5)4].
Lithium salt of a pro-mesogenic [closo-CB11H12]− derivative: anisotropic Li+ ion transport in liquid crystalline electrolytes
Authors: Jacob Litwin , Niedzicki Leszek , Jakubowski Rafał , Pociecha Damian , Kaszyński Piotr
Published: May 2024

Solutions of promesogenic anions derived from [closo-1-CB11H12]− in an aligned liquid crystalline host exhibit anisotropic Li+ ion transport.
Emerging investigator series: photocatalytic treatment of PFAS in a single-step ultrafiltration membrane reactor
Authors: Junker Allyson Leigh , Christensen Frederick Munk S. , Bai Lu , Jørgensen Mads Koustrup , Fojan Peter , Khalil Alaa , Wei Zongsu
Published: May 2024

Combining ultrafiltration and advanced oxidation processes, a single-step reactor removes aqueous PFAS and destroys them in situ, allowing long-term reuse of the effective photocatalyst.
Demystifying the recent photochemical and electrochemical strategies in installing the magic methyl group: a comprehensive overview
Authors: Liao Feiyang , Wei Zenghui , Guan Yunhao , Zhuang Zhe , Xu Kun , Tan Jiajing
Published: May 2024

The strategic installation of the “magic methyl” group has become highly desirable for drug discovery. This review summarized the recent photochemical and electrochemical strategies in installing the methyl group.
Electrochemical allylation of aldehydes and ketones with allylic alcohols
Authors: Zhang Jiatai , Zhang Lanlan , Xie Wei , Chen Meng , Zhang Chao , Qin Yali , Zhao Jianyou , Wang Fan , Liu Zhong-Quan
Published: May 2024

We disclose herein an electrochemical allylation of unactivated aldehydes and ketones with allylic alcohols. Various homoallylic alcohols can be obtained by treatment of aldehydes/ketones with allyl alcohols in a simple undivided cell.
Three component superlattice enhanced stability for photovoltaic applications: a first principles study
Authors: Liu Amanda , Luo Xuan
Published: May 2024

The use of superlattices is an attractive method to improve the stability and optoelectronic properties for enhanced photovoltaic performance.
What makes cements bind?—A proposal for a universal factor
Authors: Nguyen Hoang , Kinnunen Paivo
Published: May 2024

We discuss how the amorphicity of cement reaction products can enable a scientifically-guided strategy to design and realize novel cements.
A facile auto-combustion pathway for creating Mn- and Fe-doped TiO2 nanostructures and their photocatalytic activity
Authors: Meselhy Gharieb M. , Nassar Mostafa Y. , Seda Sabry H.
Published: May 2024

Using a combination of two fuels, an auto-combustion method was used to synthesize pure TiO2 and doped TiO2 with different concentrations of iron(iii) (Fe) and manganese(ii) (Mn) (1, 3, 5, and 7 mol%).
Medicinal plant resin natural products: structural diversity and biological activities
Authors: Sura Madhu Babu , Cheng Yong-Xian
Published: May 2024

This review explores medicinal plant resin natural products from six genera, encompassing 1115 structures and their biological activities, offering insights into the chemical and biological profiling of plant resins produced under various stress.
Deformation induced evolution of plasmonic responses in polymer grafted nanoparticle thin films
Authors: Roy Talem Rebeda , Dutta-Gupta Shourya , Iyer Balaji V. S.
Published: May 2024

Deformation induced modification of SERS response in polymer grafted plasmonic nanoparticle thin films yields insights into structure-function relationships in plasmonic networks.
A natural killer T cell nanoagonist-initiated immune cascade for hepatocellular carcinoma synergistic immunotherapy
Authors: Luo Ting , Tan Xiaoqiong , Qing Guangchao , Yu Jie , Liang Xing-Jie , Liang Ping
Published: May 2024

The hyaluronic acid modified zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 encapsulating α-galactosylceramide and doxorubicin, can effectively trigger NKT cell-mediated immune responses along with antitumor chemotoxicity.
A suitably fabricated ternary nanocomposite (Cu-CuO@rGO-SiO2) as a sustainable and common heterogeneous catalyst for C–S, C–O and C–N coupling reactions
Authors: Choudhury Prasun , Ghosh Sujit , Biswas Kinkar , Basu Basudeb
Published: May 2024

A unique nanocomposite, Cu-CuO@rGO-SiO2, exhibits enhanced catalytic activity in C–X (X = S, N, O) coupling reactions. The high performance presumably originates from synergism of different co-existing copper species spread over rGO-SiO2 matrices.
Magnetic nanoparticles for magnetic particle imaging (MPI): design and applications
Authors: Rezaei Bahareh , Tay Zhi Wei , Mostufa Shahriar , Manzari Omid Nejati , Azizi Ebrahim , Ciannella Stefano , Moni Hur-E-Jannat , Li Changzhi , Zeng Minxiang , Gómez-Pastora Jenifer , Wu Kai
Published: May 2024

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is an advancing technique with significant potential for medical diagnostics and therapeutics. It detects magnetic signals from tracers with superior sensitivity and quantifiability than traditional methods.
Ultrasound-responsive gallium protoporphyrin and oxygen loaded perfluoropentane nanodroplets for effective sonodynamic therapy of implant infections
Authors: Yang Kaili , Chen Xiaolong , Li Jianguang , Xiu Weijun , Yuwen Lihui , Shan Jingyang , Dong Heng , Su Shao , Wang Lianhui
Published: May 2024

Multifunctional nanodroplets were prepared to enhance the antibiofilm effect of SDT by breaking the EPS barrier and alleviating the hypoxic microenvironment within the biofilm.
Valley polarization and magnetic anisotropy of two-dimensional Ni2Cl3I3/MoSe2 heterostructures
Authors: Chen Bo , Zhou Baozeng , Wang Xiaocha
Published: May 2024

Two-dimensional (2D) Janus trihalides have attracted widespread attention due to their potential applications in spintronics.
NIR-emissive carbon nanodots as a tool to mark ribosomal RNA and nucleolus components using super-resolution microscopy
Authors: Lamba Rohan , Salam Abdul , Anjum Farhan , Yadav Aditya , Garg Richa , Kaushik Kush , Sharma Shagun , Nandi Chayan Kanti
Published: May 2024

NIR emissive CDNs efficiently staining rRNA at its various locations.
Improved thermoset materials derived from biobased terpene macromolecules via photo-crosslinking
Authors: Skoulas Dimitrios , Bravo Fernando , Kleij Arjan W.
Published: May 2024

New hybrid and biobased cross-linked materials are presented through photo-catalysis of poly(limonene carbonate) based mixtures.
Coumarin derivatives as dual photo/thermal initiators for free radical polymerization and 3D printing
Authors: Gao Tong , Morlet-Savary Fabrice , Graff Bernadette , Dumur Frédéric , Zhang Jing , Xiao Pu , Lalevée Jacques
Published: May 2024

In this study, five coumarin derivatives were developed and synthesized to serve as visible light photoinitiators for the free radical photopolymerization of acrylates upon near-UV or visible light.
Design of fluorine-substituted high-entropy phosphates as cathode materials towards high-performance Na-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Qi , Zhao Man , Yu Hai-tao , Xie Ying , Yi Ting-Feng
Published: May 2024

F-doping and high-entropy strategies were coupled to construct novel fluorine-substituted phosphate cathodes, which show excellent Na+ storage performance and cycling performance.
Integrin αvβ3-targeted engineered carbon dots for efficacious sonodynamic therapy and fluorescence navigation surgery against gliomas
Authors: Ren Xueli , Shi Yu , Yang Yanxi , Liu Zhe
Published: May 2024

A type of engineered carbon dots has been synthesized for tumor sonodynamic therapy, and the outstanding fluorescence properties enable them with broad potentials as imaging agents for fluorescence navigation surgery.
Synthesis of 2-substituted 3-trifluoromethylselenoindoles via a SeCF3 migration reaction
Authors: Huang Yangjie , Zhang Zipeng , Wang Hui , Weng Zhiqiang
Published: May 2024

The synthesis of 2-substituted 3-trifluoromethylselenoindoles via a zinc-mediated SeCF3 migration is reported.
Structure-dependent detection of polyphenols using crown ether-immobilized gold nanoparticles
Authors: Yamaki Yuto , Seo Hiroki , Hatano Akihiko , Suzuki Manabu , Niikura Kenichi
Published: May 2024

The 18-crown-6-ether-functionalized gold nanoparticles are an excellent sensor element for detecting polyphenols in beverages.
Similarity based functionalization for enumeration of synthetically plausible chemical libraries surrounding a target
Authors: Sankaranarayanan Karthik , Jensen Klavs F.
Published: May 2024

Given a late-stage reactive intermediate as input, the algorithm, enabled by a large corpus of organic reactions, identifies different reactive sites within the molecule and proposes suitable transformations for diversification at every site.
Anticancer approach by targeted activation of a global inhibitor of sialyltransferases with acrolein
Authors: Kasahara Takatsugu , Chang Tsung-Che , Yoshioka Hiromasa , Urano Sayaka , Egawa Yasuko , Inoue Michiko , Tahara Tsuyoshi , Morimoto Koji , Pradipta Ambara R. , Tanaka Katsunori
Published: May 2024

Chemical regulation of glycan synthesis at the targeted cancer cell surface in mice leading to significant anticancer effects without side effects.
Recommendations for life-cycle assessment of recyclable plastics in a circular economy
Authors: Nordahl Sarah L. , Scown Corinne D.
Published: May 2024

Life-cycle assessment can better capture the impacts of plastics recycling by expanding beyond greenhouse gases to include fossil carbon balances, net diversion of waste from landfill, and avoided release of plastic pollution to the environment.
Aqueous photo-RAFT polymerization under ambient conditions: synthesis of protein–polymer hybrids in open air
Authors: Jazani Arman Moini , Murata Hironobu , Cvek Martin , Lewandowska-Andralojc Anna , Bernat Roksana , Kapil Kriti , Hu Xiaolei , De Luca Bossa Ferdinando , Szczepaniak Grzegorz , Matyjaszewski Krzysztof
Published: May 2024

A photoinduced reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (photo-RAFT) polymerization technique in the presence of sodium pyruvate (SP) and pyruvic acid derivatives was developed.
Synthesis of NiII porphyrin—NiII 5,15-diazaporphyrin hybrid tapes
Authors: Wang Lina , Liao Zian , Lin Peng , Jia Yingying , Liu Le , Xu Ling , Zhou Mingbo , Yin Bangshao , Rao Yutao , Nakai Akito , Tanaka Takayuki , Shimizu Daiki , Osuka Atsuhiro , Song Jianxin
Published: May 2024

Porphyrin-diazaporphyrin hetero oligomers were constructed through a Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. Hetero nanotapes exhibiting strong NIR absorption were obtained via further oxidation of these hetero oligomers.
The slow photo-induced CO2 release of N-phthaloylglycine
Authors: Haselbach Wiebke , Nolden Oliver , Blaise Nadine , Förster Tom , Gindorf Mick , Kippes Mathieu , Rademacher Michelle P. , Jantz Matthias , van Wilderen Luuk J. G. W. , Bredenbeck Jens , Wachtveitl Josef , Gilch Peter
Published: May 2024

As time-resolved infrared spectroscopy shows, the title compound undergoes photo-induced CO2 release within microseconds – orders of magnitudes longer than anticipated.
Generic and facile mechanochemical access to versatile lattice-confined Pd(ii)-based heterometallic sites
Authors: Tegudeer Zhuorigebatu , Moon Jisue , Wright Joshua , Das Milton , Rubasinghege Gayan , Xu Wenqian , Gao Wen-Yang
Published: May 2024

Mechanochemistry enables sustainable and facile synthesis of challenging atomistically precise heterobimetallic Pd(ii)-based metal–organic frameworks.
Step-induced double-row pattern of interfacial water on rutile TiO2(110) under electrochemical conditions
Authors: Sun Yan , Wu Cheng-Rong , Wang Feng , Bi Rui-Hao , Zhuang Yong-Bin , Liu Shuai , Chen Ming-Shu , Zhang Kelvin H.-L. , Yan Jia-Wei , Mao Bing-Wei , Tian Zhong-Qun , Cheng Jun
Published: May 2024

Unraveling the interfacial structure on aqueous stepped TiO2 surface by combing electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy and machine learning accelerated molecular dynamics.
Difluorenoheteroles: topological control of π conjugation in diradicaloids and mixed-valence radical ions
Authors: Prajapati Bibek , Kwenda Tendai , Lis Tadeusz , Chmielewski Piotr J. , Gómez-García Carlos J. , Majewski Marcin A. , Stępień Marcin
Published: May 2024

Linking and fusion of triphenylmethyl radicals produces isomeric difluorenoheterole diradicaloids, with heteroatom-dependent paths for spin–spin interactions.
A single-electrode mode triboelectric nanogenerator based on natural leaves for harvesting energy
Authors: Zhang Peng , Bu Xiaofei , Huang Liangsong , Li Yuxia , Zhao Zhongkai , Yang Ranran , Yang Liqun , Zhang Kun
Published: May 2024

This work reports a single-electrode mode triboelectric nanogenerator (G-TENG) based on natural leaf as the friction layer for application in the field of outdoor self-power supply.
Engineering modulated microscale assembly of MOF derived iron/nickel selenide for optimizing the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Guo Wenhao , Pang Huaipeng , Yang Xinyu , Li Lin , Peng Jinxiang , Zhao Meiqi , Hou Chunchao , Zhu Yunhai , Meng Fanlu
Published: May 2024

The macropores within carbon skeleton-supported FeSe2/NiSe2 derived from MOF assemblies are meticulously engineered at the micrometer scale and the OER electrocatalytic performance exhibits a significant dependence on the micrometer-scale dimensions.
Modulation of lithium iron phosphate electrode architecture by magnetic ordering for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Kim Wontak , Hwang Chihyun , Kim Yong Min , Yu Ji-Sang , Kim Young-Jun , Kim Ki Jae , Kim Hyun-seung
Published: May 2024

Magnetic ordering of lithium iron phosphate (LFP) electrode highly improves power performances of LFP batteries by modulating the electrode architecture.
Halide-dependent humidity sensing of Cs2SnX6 (X = Cl, Br, I) perovskites for real-time human physiological moisture detection
Authors: Guo Chen-Chen , Wang Chao-Jie , Zhang Le-Xi , Qiu Qi-Da , Zhu Meng-Ya , Yin Jing , Bie Li-Jian
Published: May 2024

Lead-free halide perovskites Cs2SnX6 (X = Cl, Br, I) exhibit favorable humidity sensing with a response sequence of Cs2SnCl6 > Cs2SnBr6 > Cs2SnI6, enabling great potential for real-time non-contact human breath and finger monitoring.
Auditory Processing but Not Peripheral Hearing Differs Between Older Adults With and Without Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Lister Jennifer Jones , Carmenate-Nichols Raiza , Hudak Elizabeth M. , O'Brien Jennifer L. , Edwards Jerri D.
Published: May 2024

Purpose:

Impairments of hearing and auditory processing (AP) have been indicated as risk factors for dementia, but it remains unclear if persons with clinically diagnosed mild cognitive impairment (MCI) show such impairments. The objective of these analyses was to compare AP between those with and without a clinical diagnosis of MCI using a battery of AP measures.

Method:

Data from 274 older adults from the Keys to Staying Sharp randomized clinical trial (NCT03528486) were analyzed. A battery of AP measures in which three domains (temporal processing, binaural processing, and degraded speech understanding) were addressed by six tests was administered. Analyses were registered at
https://osf.io/nga4v
.

Results:

Those with and without a clinical diagnosis of MCI differed significantly in age,
p
= .002; pure-tone hearing in the left ear,
p
= .007; sex,
p
= .015; and race,
p
< .001. These covariates were included in multivariate analysis of covariance, which indicated significant differences between persons with and without MCI on measures of binaural processing (
p
s
≤
.006), but not on measures of temporal processing or degraded speech (
p
s ≥ .093). Pure-tone hearing averages did not significantly differ among those with or without MCI after adjusting for age, sex, and race (
p
s ≥ .292).

Conclusions:

AP in the binaural domain is impaired in MCI, but peripheral hearing did not significantly differ between those with and without MCI. Poor performance on AP measures of binaural processing may reflect problems dividing attention and may be indicative of dementia risk. Results have clinical implications for early detection of and intervention for cognitive impairment.
Sentence Repetition as a Diagnostic Tool for Developmental Language Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ward Leah , Polišenská Kamila , Bannard Colin
Published: May 2024

Purpose:

This systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis examines the accuracy of sentence repetition (SR) tasks in distinguishing between typically developing (TD) children and children with developmental language disorder (DLD). It explores variation in the way that SR tasks are administered and/or evaluated and examines whether variability in the reported ability of SR to detect DLD is related to these differences.

Method:

Four databases were searched to identify studies that had used an SR task on groups of monolingual children with DLD and TD children. Searches produced 3,459 articles, of which, after screening, 66 were included in the systematic review. A multilevel meta-analysis was then conducted using 46 of these studies. Multiple preregistered subgroup analyses were conducted in order to explore the sources of heterogeneity.

Results:

The systematic review found a great deal of methodological variation, with studies spanning 19 languages, 39 SR tasks, and four main methods of production scoring. There was also variation in study design, with different sampling (clinical and population sampling) and matching (age and language matching) methods. The overall meta-analysis found that, on average, TD children outperformed children with DLD on the SR tasks by 2.08SDs. Subgroup analyses found that effect size only varied as a function of the matching method and language of the task.

Conclusions:

Our results indicate that SR tasks can distinguish children with DLD from both age- and language-matched samples of TD children. The usefulness of SR appears robust to most kinds of task and study variation.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25864405
The Not-So-Slight Perceptual Consequences of Slight Hearing Loss in School-Age Children: A Scoping Review
Authors: Patro Chhayakanta , Mishra Srikanta Kumar
Published: May 2024

Purpose:

This study aimed to conduct a scoping review of research exploring the effects of slight hearing loss on auditory and speech perception in children.

Method:

A comprehensive search conducted in August 2023 identified a total of 402 potential articles sourced from eight prominent bibliographic databases. These articles were subjected to rigorous evaluation for inclusion criteria, specifically focusing on their reporting of speech or auditory perception using psychoacoustic tasks. The selected studies exclusively examined school-age children, encompassing those between 5 and 18 years of age. Following rigorous evaluation, 10 articles meeting these criteria were selected for inclusion in the review.

Results:

The analysis of included articles consistently shows that even slight hearing loss in school-age children significantly affects their speech and auditory perception. Notably, most of the included articles highlighted a common trend, demonstrating that perceptual deficits originating due to slight hearing loss in children are particularly observable under challenging experimental conditions and/or in cognitively demanding listening tasks. Recent evidence further underscores that the negative impacts of slight hearing loss in school-age children cannot be solely predicted by their pure-tone thresholds alone. However, there is limited evidence concerning the effect of slight hearing loss on the segregation of competing speech, which may be a better representation of listening in the classroom.

Conclusion:

This scoping review discusses the perceptual consequences of slight hearing loss in school-age children and provides insights into an array of methodological issues associated with studying perceptual skills in school-age children with slight hearing losses, offering guidance for future research endeavors.
Enhancing the biological functionality of poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) cage‐like structures through surface modification with micro‐ and nano‐sized hydroxyapatite particles
Authors: Chang Dongbiao , Li Siyu , Bai Zhenfan , You Jing , Cao Lili , Li Qingcao , Tan Huan , Zheng Yan , Ye Feilun , Weng Jie
Published: May 2024

Biomaterials with exceptional performance are crucial for addressing the challenges of complex bone regeneration. Compared with traditional three‐dimensional scaffolds, injectable microspheres enable new strategies for the treatment of irregular bone defects. Biodegradable poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) has found widespread applications as microcarriers of drugs, proteins, and other active macromolecules. Applied to the surface of poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) cage‐like structures (PLGA‐CAS), hydroxyapatite (HA) effectively reduces inflammation while enhancing biological effects. In this study, we loaded the surface of PLGA‐CAS with micro‐ and nano‐hydroxyapatite particles, referred to as μHA/PLGA‐CAS and nHA/PLGA‐CAS, respectively. Subsequently, their material characteristics and biological effects were assessed. The incorporation of hydroxyapatite onto PLGA‐CAS resulted in enhanced surface roughness and hydrophilicity, coupled with improved thermal stability and delayed degradation. Furthermore, μHA/PLGA‐CAS induced osteogenic differentiation of osteoblast precursor cells, while nHA/PLGA‐CAS improved endothelial cell adhesion and stimulated angiogenic differentiation in vitro. Collectively, these findings suggest that μHA/PLGA‐CAS and nHA/PLGA‐CAS, each with distinct characteristics, hold significant potential for application as microcarriers in various biomedical contexts.
Clustered DTN routing based on sensing node relationship strength
Authors: Chen Hongsheng , Wu Chunhui
Published: May 2024

Delay tolerant networks (DTNs) is a network evolved from mobile networks. Differing from the traditional network, which has a stable end‐to‐end transmission path, DTNs are sparse and intermittently connected mobile ad hoc network, which are widely used in harsh environments, such as battlefields, seabed, space communication networks, and so on. In DTNs, intermittent connectivity, partitioned network, long delays and node mobility characteristics make the network fail to communicate frequently, therefore, how to successfully forward the message is of extreme importance. Up to now, almost all the traditional models in DTNs use the store‐carry‐forward method. This paper proposes a novel clustered DTN routing model based on sensing node relationship strength. The routing mechanism takes advantage of the number of other nodes encountered by the nodes in the process of movement and the changes in the number of nodes to calculate the strength of the relationship between nodes, and clusters DTN routing according to the strength of the relationship between nodes. Moreover, the relationship between nodes in a cluster and other clusters is used to transmit messages between clusters, and messages are transmitted within clusters according to the strength of the relationship between nodes. Simulation results show that the routing mechanism not only increases the success rate of message transmission, but also reduces the transmission delay of messages and improves network performance.
ER‐Mapping: An extrinsic robust coloured mapping system using residual evaluation and selection
Authors: Jiang Changjian , Wan Zeyu , Gao Ruilan , Zhang Yu
Published: May 2024

The colour‐enhanced point cloud map is increasingly being employed in fields such as robotics, 3D reconstruction and virtual reality. The authors propose ER‐Mapping (Extrinsic Robust coloured Mapping system using residual evaluation and selection). ER‐Mapping consists of two components: the simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) subsystem and the colouring subsystem. The SLAM subsystem reconstructs the geometric structure, where it employs a dynamic threshold‐based residual selection in LiDAR‐inertial odometry to improve mapping accuracy. On the other hand, the colouring subsystem focuses on recovering texture information from input images and innovatively utilises 3D–2D feature selection and optimisation methods, eliminating the need for strict hardware time synchronisation and highly accurate extrinsic parameters. Experiments were conducted in both indoor and outdoor environments. The results demonstrate that our system can enhance accuracy, reduce computational costs and achieve extrinsic robustness.
Smart resilience through IoT‐enabled natural disaster management: A COVID‐19 response in São Paulo state
Authors: Santos Alessandro S. , Goncales Icaro , Silva Angelina , Neves Rodrigo , Teixeira Igor , Barbosa Eder , Gava Vagner , Yoshida Olga
Published: May 2024

Natural disaster management approach establishes stages of prevention, preparation, response, and recovery. With the Internet of Things (IoT), Bigdata, Business Intelligence, and other Information Communication Technologies, data can be gathered to support decisions in stages of the response to natural disaster events. In biological natural disasters, the ICTs can also support efforts to promote social distancing, public health, and economic monitoring to face the threads. São Paulo state used IoT in scenarios to face COVID‐19, such as monitoring vehicular interurban mobility, social distancing, and economic activity. Frameworks, strategies, data views, and use cases are presented to support the decision‐making process to face this biological natural disaster. The data‐driven approach supports several purposes, including the communication of social distancing indices, economic recovery, the progression of contagion, and deaths. It also played a pivotal role in fostering transparency initiatives for society and supporting the crisis committee by facilitating situational analyses, and this approach became standard practice for pandemic response. Studies and innovative visualisation perspectives have produced positive outcomes, guiding the decision‐making process through data analysis. Noteworthy use cases were interurban traffic fence monitoring; mapping of virus spreading; tracking the economic impact concerning recovery plans; and, evaluating the effectiveness of public policies.
Rotation periods of asteroids from light curves of TESS data
Authors: Vavilov D. E. , Carry B.
Published: May 2024

Context. Understanding the dynamical evolution of asteroids through the secular Yarkovsky effect requires the determination of many physical properties, including the rotation period.

Aims. We propose a method aimed at obtaining a robust determination of the rotation period of asteroids, while avoiding the pitfalls of aliases. We applied this approach to thousands of asteroid light curves measured by the NASA TESS mission.

Methods. We developed a robust period-analysis algorithm based on a Fourier series. Our approach includes a comparison of the results from multiple orders and tests on the number of extremes to identify and reject potential aliases. We also provide the uncertainty interval for the result as well as additional periods that may be plausible.

Results. We report the rotation period for 4521 asteroids within a precision of 10%. A comparison with the literature (whenever available) reveals a very good agreement and validates the approach presented here. Our approach also highlights cases for which the determination of the period should be considered invalid. The dataset presented here confirms the apparent small number of asteroids with a rotation between 50 and 100 h and correlated with diameter. The amplitude of the light curves is found to increase toward smaller diameters, as asteroids become less and less spherical. Finally, there is a systematic difference between the broad C and S complex in the amplitude-period, revealing the statistically lower density of C-types compared to S-type asteroids.

Conclusions. Our approach to the determination of asteroid rotation period is based on simple concepts, yet it is nonetheless robust. It can be applied to large corpora of time series photometry, such as those extracted from exoplanet transit surveys.
Safeguarding Tomato Cultivation: Challenges and Integrated Pest Management Strategies in North India
Authors: Khokhar Harsh , Kumar Chitranjan
Published: May 2024

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), crucial for global nutritional security, faces pests and diseases, leading to excessive use of chemical pesticides by farmers due to climate variability and cropping patterns.Integrated pest management (IPM) practices can help reduce over-reliance on pesticides and align with Good Agriculture Practices (GAP) standards. Understanding the distribution, prevalence, and factors influencing insect pest severity is crucial for developing tailored management strategies. IPM is becoming an emerging sustainable approach to pest management, utilizing viable strategies such as biological control, cultural practices, host plant resistance, and mechanical/physical control measures; however, challenges like limited farmer knowledge and resources hinder widespread adoption. Climate change and extreme weather events are causing significant impacts on crop production and agricultural pests, particularly in small-scale farms. These changes can expand insect range, increase overwintering survival, and increase the risk of invasive species and diseases. Implementing IPM in small-scale production requires adapting to different scales, identifying potential approaches, and addressing knowledge gaps. Integrated approaches, intercropping, cover cropping, and legume crop rotation are essential for developing agroecosystems and minimizing damage. Opportunities lie in digital technologies, precision agriculture, biotechnological innovations, and climate-resilient strategies. Strengthened farmer training, public-private collaborations, and informed decisionmaking are essential for IPM’s success.
Enhancing Soil Health through Organic Inputs to Sustain Tomato Production under Saline Conditions
Authors: Verma Shiv Bhushan , Kumar Chitranjan , Narayan Raghvendra Pratap
Published: May 2024

The study investigates the impact of organic amendments on tomato plant growth, yield, biochemical composition, and defense mechanisms. Results show that integrated application of various organic amendments (mustard cake, goat manure, poultry manure, farmyard manure, vermicompost, neem cake, Azotobacter, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria), and reduced levels of fertilizers (14.3% of the recommended dose) significantly impacts plant growth and yield, balance C/N ration and N-metabolism, and maintains antioxidant levels and defense mechanisms in plants; however, saline water negatively affects nitrogen and phosphorus availability, affecting tomato production. The authors suggest that organic amendments from locally available sources improve tomato productivity, reduce salt stress, and sustain production.