bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of serum concentrations between different dosing strategies of posaconazole delayed‐release tablet at a large academic medical centre
Authors: Welch Sarah , Pallotta Andrea , Weber Catherine , Siebenaller Caitlin , Cober Eric , Neuner Elizabeth
Published: December 2016

It is unclear if the prophylaxis dose of 300 mg/day is sufficient for achieving serum concentrations targeting the treatment of invasive fungal infections. To evaluate differences between PCZ serum concentrations in patients receiving the DRT vs the OS and in patients receiving higher doses than 300 mg/day of the DRT, a retrospective review was conducted on inpatients who received PCZ for either treatment or prophylaxis. Baseline demographics including comorbid conditions, indication and dose of therapy were collected. Serum trough concentrations were collected at steady state. Fifty‐seven patients received PCZ during the study period. A total of 35 levels were collected (DRT n = 18, OS n = 17). Patients receiving the DRT had levels >0.7 mcg/mL 100% of the time compared to 58.8% in those receiving the OS. No significant difference was seen in serum concentrations at 300 mg/day (n = 14) vs 400 mg/day (n = 8) of the DRT (1.55 mcg/mL (1.08‐2.50) vs 2.5 mcg/mL (1.85‐2.70), P = .19). The DRT leads to more consistent levels in the therapeutic range than the OS. Standard dosing of 300 mg/day with DRT achieves adequate concentrations for prophylaxis and treatment of IFIs, although further data are needed to determine optimal serum concentrations for treatment.
Tintelnotia, a new genus in Phaeosphaeriaceae harbouring agents of cornea and nail infections in humans
Authors: Ahmed S. A. , Hofmüller W. , Seibold M. , de Hoog G. S. , Harak H. , Tammer I. , van Diepeningen A. D. , Behrens‐Baumann W.
Published: December 2016

Phaeosphaeriaceae is a family in the order Pleosporales containing numerous plant pathogens, endophytes, lichenised fungi, and environmental saprobes. A novel genus, Tintelnotia is introduced containing two species, one of which caused an eye infection and several nail infections in humans. All species of Tintelnotia produce conidia in soft pycnidia with a wide ostiole. The generic type species is T. opuntiae causing necrotic spots on cactus plants. The isolates of the human opportunist T. destructans showed variable susceptibility pattern to a panel of common antifungal agents. The MICs of amphotericin B, voriconazole, posaconazole and itraconazole were 1 μg/mL, complemented by an in vitro MEC of 16 μg/mL against caspofungin; the MIC of terbinafine was 0.125 μg/mL. The latter compound contributed to the successful therapy in the ocular mycosis refractory to standard antifungal therapy, the benefit of terbinafine should be highlighted as a therapeutic option especially in difficult‐to‐treat fungal keratitis.
Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome is characterized by altered functional brain connectivity of the insular cortex: A cross‐comparison with migraine and healthy adults
Authors: Ellingsen D.‐M. , Garcia R. G. , Lee J. , Lin R. L. , Kim J. , Thurler A. H. , Castel S. , Dimisko L. , Rosen B. R. , Hadjikhani N. , Kuo B. , Napadow V.
Published: December 2016

Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome (CVS) has been linked to episodic migraine, yet little is known about the precise brain‐based mechanisms underpinning CVS, and whether these associated conditions share similar pathophysiology. We investigated the functional integrity of salience (SLN) and sensorimotor (SMN) intrinsic connectivity networks in CVS, migraine and healthy controls using brain functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. CVS, relative to both migraine and controls, showed increased SLN connectivity to middle/posterior insula, a key brain region for nausea and viscerosensory processing. In contrast, this same region showed diminished SMN connectivity in both CVS and migraine. These results highlight both unique and potentially shared pathophysiology between these conditions, and suggest a potential target for therapeutics in future studies.
Persistent organic pollutants in adipose tissue should be considered in obesity research
Authors: Lee Y.‐M. , Kim K.‐S. , Jacobs D. R. , Lee D.‐H.
Published: December 2016

Although low doses of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), strong lipophilic chemicals with long half‐lives, have been linked to various endocrine, immune, nervous and reproductive system diseases, few obesity studies have considered adipose tissue as an important POPs exposure source. Because the toxicodynamics of POPs relate directly to the dynamics of adiposity, POPs might explain puzzling findings in obesity research. In two people exposed to the same amounts of environmental POPs, the one having more adipose tissue may be advantaged because POPs storage in adipose tissue can reduce burden on other critical organs. Therefore, adipose tissue can play a protective role against the POPs effects. However, two situations increase the POPs release from adipose tissue into the circulation, thereby increasing the risk that they will reach critical organs: (i) weight loss and (ii) insulin resistance. In contrast, weight gain reduces this possibility. Therefore, avoiding harmful health effects of POPs may mostly contradict conventional judgments about obesity and weight change. These contradictory situations can explain the obesity paradox, the adverse effects of intensive intentional weight loss and the protective effects of obesity against dementia. Future studies should consider that adipose tissue is widely contaminated with POPs in modern society.
Percutaneous Sacroplasty for Painful Bone Metastases: A Case Report
Authors: Yoong Jaclyn , Chandra Ronil Vikesh , William Leeroy , Franco Michael , Goldschlager Tony , Runacres Fiona , Poon Peter
Published: December 2016

Introduction

The occurrence of bone metastases is common in patients with advanced cancer. The literature supports percutaneous vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty as minimally invasive procedures to relieve pain and improve quality of life for selected patients with disabling pain from pathological vertebral fractures secondary to bone metastases.

Case

We describe a case of a 71‐year‐old patient with castrate‐resistant metastatic prostate cancer who underwent sacroplasty for painful sacral metastases. The patient had previously been treated with maximally tolerated analgesics and anticancer therapies including systemic anticancer treatments and local radiotherapy. After sacroplasty, he experienced significant pain reduction and improvement in mobility and function.

Conclusion

This case and recent literature demonstrate positive outcomes of sacroplasty in terms of pain reduction and improved mobility. Further research is warranted to establish the role of such minimally invasive percutaneous procedures for pain management in cancer patients.
A Computed Tomography‐Guided Demonstration of the Unilateral Distribution of Low‐Volume Epidural Injectate
Authors: Gungor Semih , Aiyer Rohit
Published: December 2016

Objectives

The primary objective of this case report was to demonstrate the unilateral distribution of the low volume injectate given in the epidural space when paramedian interlaminar approach is utilized under computed tomography guidance.

Methods

This was a case report on a single patient with history of unilateral epidural contrast distribution under fluoroscopy views, who presented with bilateral lumbar radicular symptoms, and underwent epidural injections via bilateral paramedian interlaminar approach under computed tomography guidance. Multiple‐level computed tomography scans were obtained for demonstration purposes.

Results

There was primarily unilateral distribution of low–volume injectate in the epidural space when paramedian interlaminar approach is utilized.
Content Validity of the Credibility and Expectancy Questionnaire in a Pain Rehabilitation Setting
Authors: Mertens Vera‐Christina , Moser Albine , Verbunt Jeanine , Smeets Rob , Goossens Mariëlle
Published: December 2016

Background

Content validity, the proper reflection of the concept to be measured, is yet unknown for the Credibility and Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ). It is frequently used in pain rehabilitation because treatment expectancy is influential on the outcome.

Objective

To test and improve the content validity of the CEQ in a sample of patients with chronic pain in different phases of their treatment.

Methods

A qualitative observational study design using the Three‐Step Test‐Interview method was used. Therein, data collection, analyses, and adaptations occur iteratively.

Results

Seventeen patients with chronic pain in different stages of treatment participated through convenience sampling from the mother sample of a randomized controlled trial. The main study parameter is content validity, which is defined as (1) interpretations and responses of the participants and (2) the identification of response problems operationalized, and resulting in changes in the CEQ. For patients waiting for treatment, the written instruction of the CEQ allowed different interpretations. After changing the instructions, the CEQ became an easy‐to‐understand and content‐valid questionnaire. For patients who had already undergone treatment, changes regarding time frame and recall period were necessary to overcome interpretation and response problems to the CEQ.

Discussion

After small changes, the CEQ appeared to be a content‐valid measurement instrument for patients waiting for treatment. However, for patients who had already undergone treatment, the content validity of the CEQ was less, and considerable changes were necessary.
Faster (or slower) developers have a shorter (or longer) circadian period in Bactrocera cucurbitae
Authors: Miyatake Takahisa
Published: December 2016

A clock controlling circadian rhythm may relate to another clock controlling development time. The relationship between the two clocks remains open to discussion. Genetic correlation between developmental and circadian periods is observed in two Dipteran species (Bactrocera cucurbitae and Drosophila melanogaster), whereas it is not observed in a Coleopteran species (Callosobruchus chinensis). No studies, however, are available that report on the phenotypic correlation between the two traits. In the present study, free‐running circadian periods are compared between individuals that develop fastest and slowest within a population of B. cucurbitae. The measurement of circadian periods is replicated using five populations of B. cucurbitae with different geographical and rearing histories. The results demonstrate that the flies developing more slowly have significantly longer circadian periods compared with the flies developing more quickly in two of five populations examined in B. cucurbitae, and thus the phenotypic correlation is dependent on population.
Happily Religious: The Surprising Sources of Happiness Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Adults
Authors: Barringer M. N. , Gay David A.
Published: December 2016

This article analyzes the impact of religion on reported levels of subjective well‐being (general happiness) among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) adults. Although previous studies find religious affiliation to be a significant predictor of subjective well‐being among the general population in the United States, limited quantitative research investigates general happiness among sexual and gender minorities. This study augments the existing literature by using a national survey of LGBT adults conducted by the Pew Research Center in 2013. The results show that religious affiliation is a significant predictor of LGBT individuals’ happiness. LGBT individuals who identify as Catholic, agnostic or atheist, or with no particular religious affiliation report lower levels of happiness compared to mainline Protestants. Surprisingly, no significant differences are found between mainline Protestants (whose church doctrine often accepts same‐sex relations) and evangelical Protestants (whose church doctrine often condemns same‐sex relations). In addition, income is the only control variable that affects general happiness. Our analysis reveals interesting differences in the determinants of subjective well‐being between the LGBT and general population.
Clinical significance of pre‐transplant circulating CD3+CD4+CD161+ cell frequency on the occurrence of neutropenic infections after allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Kim Tae Woo , Lee Sung‐Eun , Lim Ji‐Young , Ryu Da‐Bin , Jeon Young‐Woo , Yoon Jae‐Ho , Cho Byung‐Sik , Eom Ki‐Seong , Kim Yoo‐Jin , Kim Hee‐Je , Lee Seok , Cho Seok‐Goo , Kim Dong‐Wook , Lee Jong Wook , Min Woo‐Sung , Min Chang‐Ki
Published: December 2016

Background

Few studies have been performed to identify factors that are associated with an increased risk of infections during the neutropenic period in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT). The aim of this study was to identify the host immune cells responsible for infections before engraftment.

Methods

A total of 282 patients who underwent allo‐SCT were enrolled. Peripheral blood samples were collected before conditioning therapy. Expression of CD161‐expressing T cells, natural killer cells, and immature myeloid cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Microbially and clinically defined infections and fevers of unknown origin as proposed by the Immunocompromised Host Society were included in this study.

Results

The median age was 45 years (range, 16‐68 years). Patients had various hematologic disorders and were transplanted from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐matched siblings, unrelated donors, and familial HLA‐mismatched donors. In univariate analysis, younger age and a familial HLA‐mismatched donor were risk factors for the occurrence of infections. After adjusting for potential variables in univariate analysis, multivariate analyses revealed that a lower frequency of CD3+CD4+CD161+ cells was significantly associated with the occurrence of neutropenic infections. An age of 35 years or younger and allografting from familial HLA‐mismatched donors showed a trend toward higher infection rates.

Conclusion

Our data indicated that a lower frequency of CD3+CD4+CD161+ T cells in peripheral blood before conditioning therapy was associated with a higher incidence of infection during the neutropenic period. These results suggest that recipient innate T cells with expression of C‐type lectin CD161 can guard against infections before engraftment.
Ureteral stent duration and the risk of BK polyomavirus viremia or bacteriuria after kidney transplantation
Authors: Wingate Jonathan T. , Brandenberger Jared , Weiss Andrew , Scovel Lauren G. , Kuhr Christian S.
Published: December 2016

Objectives

Ureteral stents are used in kidney transplantation (KTX) to decrease post‐operative complications, but they are associated with BK polyomavirus viremia (BKV). Our primary outcome was to determine the association between ureteral stent duration and BKV. Secondary outcome measures were the association between bacteriuria and stent duration or use of ureteral stent strings.

Methods

Between January 2010 and January 2015, 403 patients underwent KTX at the Virginia Mason Medical Center and met inclusion criteria. Stent duration was classified as short (<3 weeks) or long (>3 weeks). Multivariate logistic regression models were created to assess for factors associated with BKV. The covariates in the BKV model were chosen a priori based on stent duration and risk factors previously described in the literature.

Results

Ureteral stents were placed in 304 (75.4%) transplants. Stent strings were left attached in 166 (54.6%) patients. On multivariate analyses, long stent duration was significantly associated with increased risk of BKV compared with no stent (odds ratio [OR] 1.92, P=.044, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04‐3.74). Short stent duration was not associated with BKV. Sixty‐two (15.4%) patients had bacteriuria. Bacteriuria was associated with female gender (OR 2.77, P<.001, 95% CI 1.58‐4.95), and there was a dose‐dependent effect with stent duration compared with no stent—short duration (OR 2.46, P=.049, 95% CI 1.05‐6.49) and long duration (OR 3.58, P=.004, 95% CI 1.58‐9.25). Stent strings were not associated with either complication.

Conclusions

The association between ureteral stents and BKV may be dose dependent.
The Indonesian approach to reduce maternal mortality
Authors: Soedarmono Y. S. M.
Published: December 2016

Background

Blood transfusions are an important part of health care in Indonesia where the maternal mortality is 370. Haemorrhage (30·3%), hypertension (27·1%) and infection (7·3%) are the main causes of maternal mortality, with 78% of deaths occurring within 48 h after delivery. Unavailability of blood contributes to 9% of maternal deaths.

Aims

To describe the national strategy for ensuring availability of safe blood as a means to reduce maternal mortality. The Ministry of Health Decree on collaboration between the Primary Health Centre (PHC) and Blood Centre (BC) on Blood Services was issued in 2015 to increase people's awareness in donating blood for every pregnant woman in the village. The PHC will do donor recruitment and selection, blood group and haemoglobin test, and physical check of the donor. Four eligible donors for every pregnant woman will be requested to donate blood at the BCs on 7–10 days before the childbirth time. The excess donated blood that is not used by intended pregnant woman will increase the availability of blood at the BC for other patients.

Conclusion

Indonesia has high maternal mortality that mostly due to haemorrhage. The unavailability of blood contributes to maternal mortality. Increasing people's awareness and willingness to donating blood voluntarily is expected to increase blood supply and improve management of postnatal haemorrhage.
Impact of Rabies Vaccination History on Attainment of an Adequate Antibody Titre Among Dogs Tested for International Travel Certification, Israel – 2010–2014
Authors: Yakobson B. , Taylor N. , Dveres N. , Rotblat S. , Spero Ż. , Lankau E. W. , Maki J.
Published: December 2016

Rabies is endemic in wildlife or domestic carnivore populations globally. Infection of domestic dogs is of particular concern in many areas. In regions where domestic animals are at risk of exposure to rabies virus, dogs should be routinely vaccinated against rabies to protect both pet and human populations. Many countries require demonstration of an adequate level of serum rabies neutralizing antibodies to permit entry of dogs during international travel. We analysed rabies titres of dogs seeking travel certification in Israel to assess demographic and vaccine history factors associated with antibody titres below the acceptable threshold for travel certification. Having received only one previous rabies vaccination and a longer duration since the most recent vaccination was received were primary risk factors for not achieving an adequate rabies virus neutralizing antibody titre for travel certification. These risk factors had stronger effects in younger animals, but were consistent for dogs of all ages. In particular, these findings reiterate the importance of administering at least two rabies vaccinations (the primo vaccination and subsequent booster) to ensure population‐level protection against rabies in dogs globally.
Cálculo de un índice de pérdidas por catástrofes desencadenante de los Insurance-linked securities, ILS. Revisión de los modelos precedentes y propuesta de un modelo continuo alternativo
Authors: Perez Fructuoso María José
Published: December 2016

Este artículo propone un modelo continuo para determinar el índice de pérdidas aseguradas desencadenante de los Insurance-Linked Securities, ILS. Para ello, se considera que la cuantía total de la catástrofe cubierta en la emisión, está formada por la suma de dos variables aleatorias, la cuantía declarada de siniestros y la cuantía de siniestros pendiente de declarar. La hipótesis central del modelo se basa en suponer un decrecimiento temporal de esta última cuantía, proporcional a una función exponencial, que denominamos tasa de declaración de siniestros asintótica. La dinámica de este decrecimiento la representamos a través de un movimiento browniano geométrico y la cuantía declarada de siniestros, numerador de la ratio de pérdidas que se quiere determinar, se obtiene por diferencia entre la cuantía de siniestros pendiente de declarar
y la cuantía total de la catástrofe.
Legitimación del cónyuge sobreviviente y de los herederos con ocasión de los contratos de seguros de vida grupo deudores
Authors: Ramírez Gómez José Fernando
Published: December 2016

A partir de la concepción procesal del presupuesto de la legitimación se aborda el estudio, teniendo como referente la casuística de la jurisprudencia, de la concreta legitimación de los herederos y del cónyuge sobreviviente con ocasión de la ocurrencia del riesgo de muerte de un específico deudor en el contrato de seguro de vida tomado por una entidad financiera  con el fin de cubrir frente al señalado riesgo el saldo insoluto de las obligaciones de un grupo de personas deudoras respecto de un mismo acreedor, que lo es la entidad financiera o banco tomador.
Prohibición al asegurado de reconocer su responsabilidad y realizar acuerdos con terceros en el seguro de responsabilidad civil
Authors: Correa Valenzuela Gustavo Andrés
Published: December 2016

El estudio abarca genéricamente los deberes del asegurado como contexto del análisis de la prohibición al asegurado en el seguro de responsabilidad civil de no reconocer su responsabilidad ni efectuar acuerdos con terceros. Se estudia el régimen general de los distintos deberes del asegurado en la celebración y la ejecución del contrato de seguro, con mención especial al contrato de seguro de responsabilidad civil por ser en este en el que se contempla la prohibición.

Se analiza la forma en que los deberes del asegurado desarrollan principios rectores del contrato de seguro como la buena fe y el principio indemnizatorio, identificando así su naturaleza y su consecuencia jurídica. Se identifican tres distintas especies de deberes a cargo del asegurado en el contrato de seguro que se distinguen a partir del estado temporal del riesgo en el contrato de seguro, bien sea: i) al momento de transferirse al asegurador, ii) siendo asumido por parte del asegurador, y iii) habiéndose realizado estando a cargo del asegurador.

El riesgo es el elemento aleatorio del contrato de seguro que le da el carácter de ser de tracto sucesivo, de manera que el estado temporal del riesgo determina la conducta que deben asumir los intervinientes en el contrato de seguro durante su celebración y ejecución, analizándose puntualmente la conducta que debe asumir el asegurado por ser quien él para quien se establece la prohibición objeto de estudio.

En algunas legislaciones latinoamericanas se observan distintas consecuencias al incumplimiento de esta prohibición. A nivel nacional, es común la asignación de la consecuencia jurídica de pérdida del derecho a la indemnización como también se observa que se establece la prohibición sin contemplar consecuencia jurídica a su incumplimiento. Este estudio plantea que en nuestro ordenamiento esta consecuencia
se da como sanción a la mala fe en la reclamación y no es adecuada para el incumplimiento de la prohibición objeto de estudio.

Se analizan los efectos del incumplimiento del reconocimiento de responsabilidad por parte del asegurado y del acuerdo entre este y terceros, proponiendo la consecuencia que se considera jurídicamente adecuada en razón de la naturaleza de la prohibición al asegurado.
La responsabilidad civil y los seguros en la construcción de inmuebles: una aproximación comparativa entre el derecho colombiano y francés
Authors: Tamayo Jaramillo Javier , Ossa Gómez Daniel
Published: December 2016

El colapso del edificio Space en Medellín puso de presente las limitaciones existentes en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano para lograr una pronta y eficiente indemnización de las víctimas de la indebida construcción en el país. Tras dos años de ocurrido el evento, el presente artículo pretende analizar, desde una perspectiva comparada entre el derecho colombiano y francés, las normas existentes frente a la responsabilidad civil de los constructores y su aseguramiento, con la finalidad de aportar al debate sobre el rumbo que debería tomar al respecto, el ordenamiento jurídico patrio.
Análisis Técnico-Jurídico de la modalidad de cobertura por reclamación o “Claims Made” en los seguros de responsabilidad civil a la luz del ordenamiento jurídico colombiano
Authors: Uribe Lozada Nicolas
Published: December 2016

El presente escrito pretende realizar un análisis, tanto técnico como jurídico, fundado en la experiencia del mercado de seguros colombiano, las posiciones sentadas por la doctrina y la jurisprudencia y, particularmente el texto de los clausulados actualmente dispuestos por las compañías de seguros, de la operatividad del sistema de cobertura por reclamación hecha o “claims made”, identificando sus falencias, sus bondades y sus elementos fundamentales, sin caer en la tentación de entrar en apasionamientos o posiciones radicales, que busquen defenderlo o atacarlo.

Además de revisar la configuración del siniestro y el cómputo del término de prescripción, se hace un sucinto repaso de sus antecedentes históricos de este sistema y, sus diferentes tipologías, haciendo igualmente, mención a algunos puntos polémicos como, la desprotección del asegurado, y la declaración del estado del riesgo, particularmente en tratándose de seguros colectivos o de grupo.

 
Modelo discreto cierto (y simple) para determinar una ratio de pérdidas por catástrofes subyacente de los derivados sobre seguros (insurance-linked derivatives, ils)
Authors: Pérez-Fructuoso María José
Published: December 2016

En este artículo se desarrolla un modelo discreto simple para determinar un índice de pérdidas por catástrofes que pueda utilizarse como subyacente de los derivados vinculados a seguros (insurance-linked derivatives). Para ello se considera que en cada periodo únicamente puede producirse una catástrofe cuya cuantía total está formada por la suma de dos variables: la cuantía de siniestros pendiente de declarar y la cuantía declarada de siniestros. Como hipótesis central del modelo se supone que la cuantía de siniestros pendiente de declarar decrece proporcionalmente en el tiempo a razón de una tasa constante, denominada ''tasa nominal de declaración de siniestros'', que, en el caso de periodos unitarios, coincide con la tasa efectiva de declaración de siniestros y que funciona como una tasa nominal de descuento.
A dimensão missionária da eucaristia
Authors: Nef Ulloa Boris Agustín , Ribeiro Graciani Ma. Regina
Published: December 2016

O mistério da eucaristia constitui a raiz e a fonte da vida cristã e, portanto, da Igreja. É o meio encontrado por Cristo para cumprir sua promessa de “estar conosco todos os dias até o fim dos tempos” (Mt 28,20). Por meio da ceia eucarística entra-se em comunhão com Cristo e participa-se do divino projeto salvífico universal. A proposta deste artigo é sublinhar o quanto a dimensão missionária da eucaristia é ontológica e determinante para a vida cristã (AG 2). E como afirma Francisco: “A ação missionária é o paradigma de toda a obra da Igreja” (EG 15).
Encuentro entre dos hijos, el “hijo de Timeo” y el “hijo de David” Aproximación exegética al relato de la curación de Bar Timeo (Mc 10,46-52)
Authors: Casas Ramírez Juan Alberto
Published: December 2016

La perícopa de la curación/vocación del ciego “hijo de Timeo” por aquel a quién él llama “Hijo de David” constituye un punto climático de la trama narrativa del Evangelio según Marcos. Es un relato de carácter eminentemente discipular que desarrolla la forma literaria de milagro y de vocación. Como relato de milagro propone un contraste entre la ceguera y la incomprensión discipular que se ha incrementado a lo largo de la “sección del camino” (Mc 8,27–10,45) y no ha podido ser sanada. Como relato de vocación expresa el paradigma discipular del seguimiento incondicional del Señor a lo largo del camino hacia la cruz, que contrasta con la resistencia de los discípulos a asumir lo que implica dicho camino.
Pertinencia del análisis pragmalingüístico en la teología bíblica latinoamericana
Authors: Jiménez Romero Juan Carlos
Published: December 2016

El análisis pragmalingüístico es uno de los más recientes métodos de interpretación bíblica. Recoge los valiosos aportes de los métodos precedentes, ampliando su horizonte de comprensión hacia las consecuencias pragmáticas que por naturaleza tienen los escritos bíblicos, en cuanto comunicación de algo, para alguien, en un contexto determinado y con intencionalidad precisa. Confrontado con el método de ver-juzgar-actuar asumido particularmente por la teología y la pastoral de América Latina, se percibe que, por su cercanía, afinidad y complementariedad, resulta pertinente para las investigaciones hechas desde el continente, en el campo específico de la teología bíblica.
“Tinieblas del tiempo” El fin de la noche y de la temporalidad a partir de interpretaciones medievales del Apocalipsis
Authors: Salgado Gontijo Clovis
Published: December 2016

El Apocalipsis describe el “Paraíso definitivo” como un ambiente del cual estarán del todo suprimidas ciertas “realidades” que integran la existencia presente. Entre ellas se encuentra el periodo nocturno, cuya abolición ha sido conectada, a lo largo de la Edad Media, con la supresión del tiempo, inferida de cierta interpretación del Ap 10,6. Al partir de la recepción medieval del Apocalipsis, este artículo pretende analizar en qué medida los supuestos fines de la noche y del tiempo pueden asociarse, sea por elementos presentes en las propias fuentes bíblicas, sea por estructuras comunes del imaginario y de la percepción.
Compressive spherical beamforming for localization of incipient tip vortex cavitation
Authors: Choo Youngmin , Seong Woojae
Published: December 2016

Noises by incipient propeller tip vortex cavitation (TVC) are generally generated at regions near the propeller tip. Localization of these sparse noises is performed using compressive sensing (CS) with measurement data from cavitation tunnel experiments. Since initial TVC sound radiates in all directions as a monopole source, a sensing matrix for CS is formulated by adopting spherical beamforming. CS localization is examined with known source acoustic measurements, where the CS estimated source position coincides with the known source position. Afterwards, CS is applied to initial cavitation noise cases. The result of cavitation localization was detected near the upper downstream area of the propeller and showed less ambiguity compared to Bartlett spherical beamforming. Standard constraint in CS was modified by exploiting the physical features of cavitation to suppress remaining ambiguity. CS localization of TVC using the modified constraint is shown according to cavitation numbers and compared to high-speed camera images.
Translational termination without a stop codon
Authors: James Nathan R. , Brown Alan , Gordiyenko Yuliya , Ramakrishnan V.
Published: December 2016

Rescuing stalled ribosomes

A small percentage of bacterial mRNAs lack a stop codon. Ribosomes stall at the end of such mRNAs, and the buildup of stalled ribosomes can be lethal. The primary rescue mechanism, in which translation continues on a piece of RNA that contains a stop codon, is a drug target. However, bacteria have another backup plan. James
et al.
present structures that show that ArfA (alternative rescue factor A) substitutes for a stop codon by binding in the ribosomal mRNA channel and recruiting RF2 (release factor 2). It mediates conformational changes required for RF2 to catalyze peptide release.

Science
, this issue p.
1437
Draft Anaplasma phagocytophilum Genome Sequences from Five Cows, Two Horses, and One Roe Deer Collected in Europe
Authors: Dugat Thibaud , Rossignol Marie-Noëlle , Rué Olivier , Loux Valentin , Marthey Sylvain , Moroldo Marco , Silaghi Cornelia , Höper Dirk , Fröhlich Julia , Pfeffer Martin , Zweygarth Erich , Lagrée Anne-Claire , Boulouis Henri-Jean , Haddad Nadia
Published: December 2016

Anaplasma phagocytophilum
is a zoonotic tick-borne intracellular bacterium responsible for granulocytic anaplasmosis. As it is difficult to isolate and cultivate, only 20
A. phagocytophilum
genomes have been sequenced to date. Here, we present eight
A. phagocytophilum
genome sequences obtained using alternative approaches based on sequence capture technology.
Draft Genome Sequences of Three Clinical Isolates of Tannerella forsythia Isolated from Subgingival Plaque from Periodontitis Patients in the United States
Authors: Stafford Graham P. , Chaudhuri Roy R. , Haraszthy Violet , Friedrich Valentin , Schäffer Christina , Ruscitto Angela , Honma Kiyonobu , Sharma Ashu
Published: December 2016

We report the genome sequences of three clinical isolates of
Tannerella forsythia
from the subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients attending clinics at the School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo. The availability of these genome sequences will aid the understanding of the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
Genome Sequence of the Fish Pathogen Yersinia ruckeri Strain 150, Isolated from Diseased Rainbow Trout
Authors: Cascales Desirée , Guijarro José A. , Reimundo Pilar , García-Torrico Ana I. , Méndez Jessica
Published: December 2016

We present here the draft genome of a pathogenic
Yersinia ruckeri
strain, isolated from rainbow trout (
Oncorhynchus mykiss
) affected by enteric redmouth disease. The chromosome has 3,826,775 bp, a GC content of 46.88%, and is predicted to contain 3,538 coding sequences. The data will be useful for comparative pathogenicity studies.
First Complete Genome Sequence of a Simian Foamy Virus Isolate from a Cynomolgus Macaque
Authors: Sakai Koji , Ami Yasushi , Suzaki Yuriko , Matano Tetsuro
Published: December 2016

We report here the first complete proviral genome sequence (DDBJ/ENA/GenBank accession no. LC094267) of a simian foamy virus, SFVmfa/Cy5061, isolated from a cynomolgus macaque (
Macaca fascicularis
). This proviral genome consists of 12,965 nucleotides and has five open reading frames,
gag
,
pol
,
env
,
tas
, and
bet
, as with other foamy viruses.
Genome Sequence of the Acetogenic Bacterium
Butyribacterium methylotrophicum
DSM 3468
T
Authors: Bengelsdorf Frank R. , Poehlein Anja , Schiel-Bengelsdorf Bettina , Daniel Rolf , Dürre Peter
Published: December 2016

Butyribacterium methylotrophicum
DSM 3468
T
is an acetogenic methylotrophic, anaerobic, carbon monoxide–oxidizing bacterium that produces acetate, butyrate, and butanol. The genome consists of a single chromosome (4.3 Mb) and harbors 3,989 predicted protein-encoding genes.
Gene cluster of Pseudomonas syringae pv. "phaseolicola" controls pathogenicity of bean plants and hypersensitivity of nonhost plants
Authors: Lindgren P B , Peet R C , Panopoulos N J
Published: December 2016

Loss of the ability of Pseudomonas syringae pv. "phaseolicola" NPS3121 to elicit a hypersensitive response on tobacco and other nonhost plants was associated with loss of pathogenicity on the susceptible host bean. Eight independent, prototrophic transposon Tn5 insertion mutants which had lost the ability to elicit a hypersensitive response on tobacco plants were identified. Six of these mutants no longer produced disease lesions on primary leaves of the susceptible bean cultivar Red Kidney and failed to elicit a hypersensitive response on the resistant bean cultivar Red Mexican and on the nonhost plants tomato, cowpea, and soybean. The two remaining mutants had reduced pathogenicity on Red Kidney bean and elicited variable hypersensitive responses on the other plants tested. Southern blot analysis indicated that each mutant carried a single independent Tn5 insertion in one of three EcoRI fragments of about 17, 7, and 5 kilobases. Marker exchange mutagenesis further supported the conclusion that the pleiotropic mutant phenotype was not associated with multiple Tn5 insertions. A genomic library of the wild-type strain was constructed in the cosmid vector pLAFR3. A recombinant plasmid, designated pPL6, that carried P. syringae pv. "phaseolicola" genomic sequences was identified by colony hybridization. This plasmid restored the wild-type phenotype to all but one mutant, suggesting that genes affected by the insertions were clustered. Structural analysis of pPL6 and the wild-type genome indicated that the 17- and 5-kilobase EcoRI fragments were contiguous in the strain NPS3121 genome.
Wartime toxin exposure: recognising the silent killer
Authors: Khan Kamran , Wozniak Susan E , Coleman JoAnn , Didolkar Mukund S
Published: December 2016

Wartime toxin exposures have been implicated in the genesis of malignancy in war veterans. Agent Orange, one toxin among many, has been linked to malignancy and the subcomponent phenoxyacetic acid has been associated with soft tissue sarcomas (STSs). This case demonstrates the association between a wartime toxin exposure (Agent Orange) and subsequent cancer development. Ultimately, we aim to highlight the importance of simple, specific questions in the patient history to account for previous wartime toxin exposures.
Development of a quantitative real-time PCR assay for sapovirus in children under 5-years-old in Regina Margherita Hospital of Turin, Italy
Authors: Bergallo Massimiliano , Galliano Ilaria , Montanari Paola , Brusin Martina Rosa , Finotti Serena , Paderi Giulia , Gabiano Clara
Published: December 2016

Gastroenteritis is a common disease in children. It is characterized by diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. Sapovirus (SaV) is a causative agent of acute gastroenteritis, but it causes milder illness than do rotavirus and norovirus. There is high variability in the analytical performance of quantitative PCR-based assays among clinical laboratories. This study developed a reverse transcription real-time PCR method to detect SaV in fecal specimens collected from children under 5-years-old with acute gastroenteritis. Of 137 episodes of acute gastroenteritis, 15 (10.9%) were associated with SaV genomic detection, with a median viral load of 6.6(log10) ± 7.1(log10) genomes/mg fecal specimens. There was a significant difference in detection rate between males and females (9.48% (13/15) vs. 1.46% (2/15), p = 0.0232). Among the 15 SaV-positive cases, 6 were also positive for rotavirus. Viral RNA recovery rate ranged from 46% to 77% in the manual RNAzol protocol and from 31% to 90% in the automated Maxwell protocol. We also studied whether human genomic DNA influences the sensitivity of the assay: its presence caused a decrease in PCR sensitivity. The development of a laboratory-designed real-time PCR TaqMan assay for quantitative detection of SaV and the optimization and standardization of this assay, using stools of children with acute gastroenteritis, are described.
Dark energy and collapsing axial system
Authors: Sharif M. , Manzoor Rubab
Published: December 2016

This paper investigates the effects of dark source term on the dissipative axially symmetric collapse by taking self-interacting Brans–Dicke (SBD) gravity as a dark energy (DE) candidate. We discuss physically feasible energy source of the model and formulate all the dynamical variables as well as structure scalars. It is found that the dark source term is one of the source of anisotropy and dissipation in the system. Further, we obtain structure scalars in this background. In order to discuss factors describing dissipative collapse, we develop equations related to the evolution of dynamical variables, heat transport equation as well as super-Poynting vector. We conclude that the thermodynamics of the collapse, evolution of kinematical terms (like expansion scalar, shear and vorticity) and inhomogeneity are affected by dark source term. Finally, we study the existence of radiation having repulsive gravitational nature in this collapse scenario.
Some aspects of nonminimal inflation driven by a superpotential
Authors: Nozari Kourosh , Rashidi Narges
Published: December 2016

We study a nonminimal inflation which is driven by a superpotential. By adopting the Arnowitt–Deser–Misner formalism, we explore the primordial perturbations and its non-Gaussianity in this framework. By expanding the action up to the second-order in perturbations, we seek the scalar spectral index, its running and the tensor-to-scalar ratio. In this regard, we find the ranges of the nonminimal coupling and superpotential parameters which lead to the observationally viable perturbations parameters. The non-Gaussian feature in both the equilateral and orthogonal configurations in this setup, is studied by exploring the third-order action. We show that in some ranges of the nonminimal and superpotential parameters, the model predicts large non-Gaussianity. By comparing the numerical results with Planck2015 data, we test the viability of the model and find some constraints on the model’s parameters space.
Synthesis of meta-methoxyphenyl substituted tetraazaporphyrin and corrolazine phosphorus(V) complexes
Authors: Furuyama Taniyuki , Sugiyab Yusuke , Yoshidab Takuya , Kobayashi Nagao
Published: December 2016

Octa-(meta-methoxyphenyl) substituted tetraazaporphyrin (TAP, 1) and corrolazine (Cor, 4) phosphorus(V) complexes have been synthesized and characterized. 1 has a blue-shifted, small charge transfer (CT) band while para-methoxyphenyl substituted PTAP 2 has a red-shifted, intense CT band. The difference could be interpreted as an inductive effect of the meta-methoxy groups. The position and intensity of the absorption bands of 1 are well matched to the trend of para-substituted PTAPs. The synthesis of PCor from free-base TAP was also investigated. The PCor was not generated directly but from a PTAP intermediate
Porphycene dimer-based non-fullerene acceptor for organic solar cell
Authors: Okabe Takuya , Kuzuhara Daiki , Suzuki Mitsuharu , Aratani Naoki , Yamada Hiroko
Published: December 2016

Porphycene dimers connected by [Formula: see text]-phenylene (DPc– m P) and 2,5-thienylene (DPc–T) linkages have been synthesized from 2,7,12,17-tetrahexyl-3-iodoporphycene by palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings. The crystal structures of porphycene dimers revealed that meta-phenylene linkage provides a highly twisted structure with the dihedral angel of 103° between two porphycene units, while thienylene linkage provides a nearly planar structure of two porphycene units. These porphycene dimers showed strong absorption thorough the visible to NIR regions and HOMO and LUMO energy levels of them are suitable as [Formula: see text]-type materials of organic solar cells (OSCs) in combination with P3HT as a [Formula: see text]-type material. The hole and electron mobilities of the blended films of the porphycene dimers and P3HT obtained by space-charge-limited-current (SCLC) method were 3.7 × 10[Formula: see text] and 0.26 × 10[Formula: see text] cm2.V[Formula: see text].s[Formula: see text] for DPc– m P :P3HT, and 3.2 × 10[Formula: see text] and 0.027 × 10[Formula: see text] cm2.V[Formula: see text].s[Formula: see text] for DPc–T :P3HT. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and thin-film X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) measurements indicated that the blended films of the porphycene dimers and P3HT formed amorphous films with smooth and low-roughness surfaces, whereas the blended film of porphycene monomer and P3HT created the highly crystalline film with huge domain structures. The OSCs composed of porphycene dimers and P3HT showed power conversion efficiencies of 0.08% was twice as high as that of monomer-based OSC.
Non-covalent incorporation of some substituted metal phthalocyanines into different gel networks and the effects on the gel properties
Authors: Keseberg Pia , Bachl Jürgen , Díaz David Díaz
Published: December 2016

The use of metallo-phthalocyanines (MPcs) in many technological applications requires the development of specific methods for flexible thin film fabrication. An interesting and simple strategy is the physical encapsulation of MPcs within viscoelastic gel scaffolds. However, non-covalent incorporation of large external molecules into gel networks is a challenge because the balance between dissolution and crystallization in metastable gel phases is likely to be altered changing the properties and/or stability of the material and, therefore, threatening its functionality. In this work, we report preliminary results regarding non-covalent inclusion of MPcs into different gel networks and the effects on their thermal, morphological and mechanical properties. In general, slight variations on the [Formula: see text]were observed for most combinations prepared at well-defined concentrations in the presence of suitable MPcs, except for the organogel made of peracetylated [Formula: see text]-cyclodextrin and the hydrogel made of a bile acid-based gelator. These gels experienced a remarkable enhancement of the [Formula: see text] of ca. 20°C with respect to the pristine gels. Moreover, preservation of monomeric dye species and reduced photodegradation was also observed in some hybrid gels. Relative correlations between thermal stability, morphological features and mechanical properties were also drawn during the study. Maintenance of the catalytic activity of a CuPc immobilized in a supramolecular gel network was also demonstrated by the aerobic oxidation of benzhydrol to benzophenone at room temperature.
Group III perfluoroalkyl perfluoro phthalocyanines
Authors: Pelmuş Marius , Carrión Erik N. , Colomier Christopher , Santiago Jenyffer , Gorun Sergiu M.
Published: December 2016

We report the synthesis, redox and photo-physical properties, as well as singlet oxygen reactivity of the first representatives of Group III perfluoroalkyl perfluoro metal phthalocyanines, gallium and indium complexes. Microwave-assisted synthesis was used to produce F[Formula: see text]PcM, M [Formula: see text] Ga, In in reasonable yields. Both Ga and In complexes exhibit high thermal and chemical stability properties, attributed to the perfluoroalkyl perfluoro phthalocyanine ligand. Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical measurements show reversible redox processes for both compounds, including spontaneous re-oxidations following electrochemical or photochemical reductions. No electrochemical or chemical oxidations of the neutral complexes are observed. Photo-hydroperoxidation of ([Formula: see text]-(-)-citronellol occurs with rates of 13.5 and 1.7 [Formula: see text]mol O2 min[Formula: see text] mol[Formula: see text] Pc and substrate turnovers of 225 and 28.2 mmol ([Formula: see text]-Cit s[Formula: see text] mol[Formula: see text] Pc for the In and Ga complexes, respectively. The solid state materials are stable and can be sublimed at temperatures higher than 380°C. Related complexes are candidates for similar chemistry and photophysics based on the observation that the fluorinated ligand determines most of the favorable properties.