bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Nuclear Equation of State on Relativistic Turbulence-induced Core-collapse Supernovae
Authors: Boccioli Luca , Mathews Grant J. , Suh In-Saeng , O’Connor Evan P.
Published: February 2022

The nuclear equation of state (EOS) is an important component in the evolution of core-collapse supernovae. In this paper we make a survey of various EOSs in the literature and analyze their effect on spherical core-collapse models in which the effects of three-dimensional turbulence is modeled by a general relativistic formulation of Supernova Turbulence In Reduced-dimensionality (STIR). We show that the viability of the explosion is quite EOS dependent and that it best correlates with the early-time interior entropy density of the proto–neutron star. We check that this result is not progenitor dependent, although the lowest-mass progenitors show different explosion properties, due to the different pre-collapse nuclear composition. Larger central entropies also induce more vigorous proto–neutron star convection in our one-dimensional turbulence model, as well as a wider convective layer.
The MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field Survey: Implications of the Lack of Evolution in the Dust Attenuation–Mass Relation to z ∼ 2*
Authors: Shapley Alice E. , Sanders Ryan L. , Salim Samir , Reddy Naveen A. , Kriek Mariska , Mobasher Bahram , Coil Alison L. , Siana Brian , Price Sedona H. , Shivaei Irene , Dunlop James S. , McLure Ross J. , Cullen Fergus
Published: February 2022

We investigate the relationship between dust attenuation and stellar mass (M
*) in star-forming galaxies over cosmic time. For this analysis, we compare measurements from the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field survey at z ∼ 2.3 and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) at z ∼ 0, augmenting the latter optical data set with both UV Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) and mid-infrared Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) photometry from the GALEX-SDSS-WISE Catalog. We quantify dust attenuation using both spectroscopic measurements of Hα and Hβ emission lines, and photometric measurements of the rest-UV stellar continuum. The Hα/Hβ ratio is used to determine the magnitude of attenuation at the wavelength of Hα, A
Hα
. Rest-UV colors and spectral energy distribution fitting are used to estimate A
1600, the magnitude of attenuation at a rest wavelength of 1600 Å. As in previous work, we find a lack of significant evolution in the relation between dust attenuation and M
* over the redshift range z ∼ 0 to z ∼ 2.3. Folding in the latest estimates of the evolution of M
dust, (M
dust/M
gas), and gas surface density at fixed M
*, we find that the expected M
dust and dust mass surface density are both significantly higher at z ∼ 2.3 than at z ∼ 0. These differences appear at odds with the lack of evolution in dust attenuation. To explain the striking constancy in attenuation versus M
*, it is essential to determine the relationship between metallicity and (M
dust/M
gas), the dust mass absorption coefficient and dust geometry, and the evolution of these relations and quantities from z ∼ 0 to z ∼ 2.3.
The Homogeneity of the Star-forming Environment of the Milky Way Disk over Time
Authors: Ness Melissa K. , Wheeler Adam J. , McKinnon Kevin , Horta Danny , Casey Andrew R. , Cunningham Emily C. , Price-Whelan Adrian M
Published: February 2022

Stellar abundances and ages afford the means to link chemical enrichment to galactic formation. In the Milky Way, individual element abundances show tight correlations with age, which vary in slope across ([Fe/H]–[α/Fe]). Here, we step from characterizing abundances as measures of age, to understanding how abundances trace properties of stellar birth environment in the disk over time. Using measurements from ∼27,000 APOGEE stars (R = 22,500, signal-to-noise ratio > 200), we build simple local linear models to predict a sample of elements (X = Si, O, Ca, Ti, Ni, Al, Mn, Cr) using (Fe, Mg) abundances alone, as fiducial tracers of supernovae production channels. Given [Fe/H] and [Mg/H], we predict these elements, [X/H], to about double the uncertainty of their measurements. The intrinsic dispersion, after subtracting measurement errors in quadrature is ≈0.015–0.04 dex. The residuals of the prediction (measurement − model) for each element demonstrate that each element has an individual link to birth properties at fixed (Fe, Mg). Residuals from primarily massive-star supernovae (i.e., Si, O, Al) partially correlate with guiding radius. Residuals from primarily supernovae Ia (i.e., Mn, Ni) partially correlate with age. A fraction of the intrinsic scatter that persists at fixed (Fe, Mg), however, after accounting for correlations, does not appear to further discriminate between birth properties that can be traced with present-day measurements. Presumably, this is because the residuals are also, in part, a measure of the typical (in)-homogeneity of the disk’s stellar birth environments, previously inferred only using open cluster systems. Our study implies at fixed birth radius and time that there is a median scatter of ≈0.01–0.015 dex in elements generated in supernovae sources.
Evaluation of respiratory anatomical-functional sequelae in patients who recovered from COVID-19
Authors: Martinez-Fierro Margarita de la Luz , Badillo-Almaraz Jose Isaias , Muñoz-Torres Jose Ramon , Cabral Pacheco Griselda Aide , Garza-Veloz Idalia , Gutierrez-Vela Edgar Fernando , Hernandez-Marquez Lucia Socorro , Hernandez-Marquez Lizbeth Areli , Torres-Gaytan Alondra Daniela , Alvarez-Castro Juan Carlos , Caldera-Villalobos Claudia , Delgado-Enciso Ivan , Rodriguez-Sanchez Iram Pablo , Meza-Zavala Oscar Gustavo , Ortiz-Castro Yolanda
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has been a global public health emergency, with 209.89 million cases of infection with SARS-CoV-2 recorded, resulting in 4,401,675 deaths. After recuperation, it is probable that COVID-19 patients have sequelae of the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the respiratory anatomical–functional sequelae in Mexican patients who recovered from COVID-19.

Methodology: This study included twenty-four patients who recovered from COVID-19 and eight non-infected patients (controls). Participants were screened for SARS-CoV-2 and the presence of IgM/IgG antibodies. Pulmonary function and lung anatomical abnormalities were evaluated by spirometry and computerized tomography.

Results: A total of 45.8% of the patients had pulmonary function with obstructive patterns: 70.8% of recovered cases had COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) 1, 20.8% CO-RADS 3 and 16.7% CO-RADS 4. A total of 35.3% of patients with CO-RADS 1 also showed bilateral nodal growth; 70.8% of patients tested positive for IgG and 8.4% for IgG/IgM, and 20.8% tested negative for both antibodies.

Conclusions: There were respiratory anatomical and functional sequelae in Mexican patients who recovered from COVID-19, with a high occurrence of pulmonary obstructive patterns in the study population. These observations indicate the importance of the routine evaluation of sequelae in Mexican patients who recovered from COVID-19 and the need for strict follow-up to improve the quality of life of these patients.
Reducing length of hospital stay with colchicine
Authors: Karakaş Özlem , Erden Abdulsamet , Güven Serdar Can , Armağan Berkan , Sahiner Enes Seyda , Kurtipek Ali Can , Inan Osman , Gemcioglu Emin , Ateş İhsan , Omma Ahmet , Küçüksahin Orhan
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Colchicine is an ancient agent with well-known anti-inflammatory effects and commonly used in treatment of hyperinflammatory conditions. It has been argued that colchicine could be an appropriate treatment option in COVID-19 to control hyperinflammatory response. Here in this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of colchicine on outcomes of COVID-19 in our inpatient cohort.

Methodology: In this retrospective cohort study, hospitalized COVID-19 patients were investigated. Demographics, comorbidities, COVID-19 symptoms, laboratory findings on admission and discharge, baseline and seventh day oxygenation status, rates of mortality, intensive care unit admission, administration of other anti-inflammatory treatments and length of hospital stay were compared between patients who received standard of care medications and who received colchicine additionally.

Results: Three hundred and thirty-six patients were included in the study (171 standard of care, 165 standard of care plus colchicine). The median length of hospital stay in colchicine group was significantly shorter. Rates of admission to intensive care unit, anti-inflammatory treatment administration and mortality did not differentiate between standard of care and colchicine groups. However, reduced rates of mortality and ICU admission were observed in patients who received colchicine with a dose of 1 mg/day when compared to patients who received 0.5 mg/day.

Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that COVID-19 patients who received colchicine in addition to standard of care had shorter hospital stay. Our results further support the use of colchicine in treatment of COVID-19, particularly with a dose of 1 mg/day.
A new record of the spiny lobster, Panulirus femoristriga (von Martens, 1872) from the coastal waters of Malaysia, with revision of global distribution
Authors: Ng Wei-Ling , Chen Cheng Ann , Mustafa Saleem , Leaw Chui Pin , Teng Sing Tung , Zakaria Siti Nor Fatihah , Tuzan Audrey , Chan Tin-Yam
Published: February 2022

Spiny lobsters of the family Palinuridae Latreille, 1802 are known to be industrial crustaceans in the global fishing market amongst other crustacean marine species. Panulirus femoristriga has been reported in the Maldives, Japan, Taiwan, Vietnam, the Philippines, Indonesia (Ambon, Irian Jaya, Celebes Island, Seram Island), the Polynesian Islands, Solomon Islands, New Hebrides, Wallis and Futuna and off the coast of northern Australia, but there is uncertainty about their distributions due to the morphological similarity with Panulirus femoristriga, Panulirus longipes bispinosus and Panulirus brunneiflagellum. However, the identification on P. femoristiga can only be confirmed if the morphological descriptions are mentioned in literature.

A specimen of the spiny lobster Panulirus femoristriga Von Martens, 1872 was discovered in Semporna, located on the west coast of Sabah State, Malaysia Borneo. While the status of P. femoristriga has been classified as "least concern" on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List, studies on the species' population size, habitat and distribution are still inadequate. This study adopted both morphological and molecular approaches for species delimitation.The phylogenetic position of the Sabah P. femoristriga was revealed by the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase gene (COI) marker. This represents the first record of the species in the coastal waters of Sabah, despite its wide geographical distribution in the Indo-West Pacific. A revision on the species global distribution was also conducted by harvesting all literature with species named Panulirus longipes femoristriga and Panulirus femoristriga which were available online including those prior to year 2001 before the presence of P. femoristriga is confirmed. Due to the uncertainties on the morphological distribution in previous literature, further studies are required to fill in the missing data for confirmation.
The Korean Severe Asthma Registry (KoSAR): real world research in severe asthma
Authors: Kim Sang-Heon , Lee Hyun , Park So-Young , Park So Young , Song Woo-Jung , Kim Joo-Hee , Park Heung-Woo , Cho You Sook , Yoon Ho Joo ,   on behalf of the KoSAR investigators
Published: February 2022

Severe asthma constitutes a serious health burden with significant morbidity and socioeconomic costs. The development and introduction of new biologics targeting type 2 inflammation changed the paradigm for management of severe asthma and initiated a biological era. These changes impose a challenge to clinicians in managing difficult-to-treat and severe asthma. To understand the characteristics and heterogeneity of severe asthma and to develop a better strategy to manage it, the Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Working Group on Severe Asthma, has organized the Korean Severe Asthma Registry (KoSAR). In this review, we describe the challenges of severe asthma management regarding diagnosis, disease burden, heterogeneity, guidelines, and organization of severe asthma clinics. This review also examines the current global activities of national and regional registries and study groups. In addition, we present the KoSAR vision and organization and describe the findings of KoSAR in comparison with those of other countries.
La psychologie sociale devrait-elle vraiment en finir avec une analyse en termes de domination masculine ? Un commentaire sur Manuel Tostain (2016)
Authors: Fonte David , Thomazo Andræ , Lelaurain Solveig
Published: February 2022

Ce commentaire entend contester l’idée qu’une analyse en termes de domination masculine ne permettrait plus à la psychologie sociale de comprendre les rapports contemporains entre les sexes. En nous appuyant sur les réflexions matérialistes du féminisme, nous montrons que l’argumentaire mobilisé pour appuyer cette thèse repose sur une utilisation contestable de concepts issus des études de genre. Il en découle une compréhension faussée du fonctionnement des structures patriarcales : réduction de la domination masculine à sa dimension symbolique et psychologique, négligence des pratiques masculines d’oppression et du caractère coercitif du système de genre, restriction de l’hétérosexualité à une orientation sexuelle. De nouvelles perspectives de recherche en psychologie sociale sont alors suggérées, en continuité avec les travaux féministes actuels dans le champ des études de genre.
Fonctionnement cognitif en climat tropical
Authors: Robin Nicolas , Coudevylle Guillaume R.
Published: February 2022

Les réponses physiologiques et psychologiques humaines en environnement chaud sont assez bien documentées. Cependant dès que l’on s’intéresse au climat tropical (CT) on observe que la plupart des travaux portent sur l’activité physique et peu d’entre eux s’intéressent au fonctionnement cognitif. Cet article fait une revue des principales études portant sur les tâches cognitives réalisées en CT en se fondant sur les résultats obtenus en environnement chaud et peu humide. Les différents facteurs qui peuvent influencer les performances cognitives, en CT ou en condition de stress thermique, sont développés, puis un point est fait sur les récentes techniques utilisées afin de tenter de limiter les effets délétères du stress climatique. Enfin, un regard est porté sur les principales théories, telle que la Global Workspace Theory , utilisées pour interpréter les données de la littérature avant de conclure sur des recommandations et pistes de recherches.
L’éthique des petits pas dans le quotidien du travail : approche par une analyse phénoménologique interprétative
Authors: Melou François , Mélou Cécile , Michaël Gilbert
Published: February 2022

L’éthique est au cœur des préoccupations des organisations, des institutions et des professionnels. Elle est mobilisée dans les décisions quotidiennes du travail. Ces choix induisent des fluctuations entre consonance et dissonance en lien avec les valeurs personnelles et professionnelles. Cet article a pour objectif d’explorer le continuum consonance-dissonance éthique dans des situations de travail. Nous avons utilisé une analyse phénoménologique interprétative pour questionner le quotidien de huit travailleuses sociales, conseillères en Économie sociale familiale, intervenant sur le même territoire d’action sociale. Les résultats ont mis en évidence, dans le quotidien du travail, une éthique des petits pas qui induit des variations sur le continuum consonance - dissonance éthique. Ces oscillations quotidiennes entre satisfaction et frustration pourraient être une source de dissonance éthique.
Chez les frères et sœurs d’enfants autistes, peut-on identifier dès 4 mois les bébés à risque grâce à la grille PREAUT ?
Authors: Saint-Georges Catherine , Ouss Lisa
Published: February 2022

Des études récentes montrent qu’une intervention très précoce sur des bébés à risque autistique pourrait transformer le pronostic. La grille préaut est un instrument de détection du risque autistique dès 4 mois. Elle a été validée dans deux études publiées, l’une en population générale, l’autre sur un petit échantillon de bébés à fort risque d’autisme (syndrome de West). Notre projet de recherche prospective a pour but de préciser la valeur de cette grille pour prédire le devenir ( tsa  et/ou retard de développement) sur une population particulière de bébés à risque : les bébés frères et sœurs d’enfants avec tsa . L’enjeu clinique est de pouvoir ultérieurement proposer une prise en charge préventive ultra-précoce des bébés positifs au dépistage, ce qui pourrait modifier considérablement leur devenir.
Provoquer la rencontre : comment la psychanalyse permet d’accompagner les professionnels intervenant à domicile auprès de Kaïs, en situation de polyhandicap et autiste
Authors: Santos Assunção Larissa
Published: February 2022

Cet article décrit le travail du psychologue en sessad et le soutien qu’il propose aux professionnels qui vont au domicile auprès ­d’enfants en situation de polyhandicap et parfois, avec des troubles du spectre autistique. Par le biais de l’orientation analytique, il est proposé aux professionnels une manière de penser et de se positionner face à l’enfant qui permet une véritable rencontre alors que ses troubles du comportement peuvent empêcher toute construction de réciprocité sociale. Il s’agit de ne pas vouloir être pour l’enfant, celui qui va « lui apprendre quelque chose » mais aller à sa rencontre en étant attentif à tout ce qu’il manifeste. Accuser réception de tout énoncé de la part de l’enfant, en le rendant partageable et en lui donnant du sens pour que cela soit intégré dans sa représentation. Par le biais de l’imitation, de « la technique d’approche analytique des troubles autistiques » et de la théorique du Moi Corporel, une rencontre fut possible.
Pluralité des bénévolats, conflits des légitimités et gouvernance associative : le cas d’un club de volley-ball professionnel féminin
Authors: Gontier Camille
Published: February 2022

Issu d’une enquête menée au sein d’un club de volley-ball professionnel, notre article montre comment la sociologie permet d’éclairer le processus de professionnalisation d’une activité sportive à l’origine amateur et les difficultés organisationnelles qu’il induit. L’enquête conduite auprès des bénévoles et des dirigeants donne à voir comment ces derniers mobilisent différents capitaux culturels, sociaux et symboliques afin de produire et d’affirmer des légitimités d’engagement distinctes et garantes autant des cultures amateurs que des logiques du sport de compétition. Nous montrons ainsi comment la cohabitation des bénévolats implique une organisation instable et une gouvernance éloignée des pratiques de la démocratie associative. Cette approche structurelle permet de nuancer l’importance des causes purement systémiques et relationnelles dans l’explication des dysfonctionnements du club et montre l’importance des déterminants culturels dans la construction d’une organisation.
La Casa de Papel : révolution masquée ou mascarade de révolution ?
Authors: Doucet Laurence
Published: February 2022

La Casa de Papel est une série télévisée espagnole qui a eu un succès retentissant lors de sa diffusion, entraînant un engouement à la fois imprévu et compréhensible pour le personnage du Professeur et ses acolytes. Le principe de la série télé se prête à merveille pour la narration de l’histoire qui se joue du temps et des narrateurs. Dans un premier temps, la question du « masque » et du secret qui entoure les protagonistes sera abordée : à quelle forme d’imaginaire nous renvoient ces vêtements et ces masques ? Le spectateur s’est-il identifié à un masque d’un peintre génial et hors du commun (Salvador Dali) ou aux cambrioleurs qui s’en servent pour tromper la police ? Ensuite, la question de la révolution : est-elle une résurgence de récits antérieurs qui propose un changement initié par des personnages à la fois hors du commun et proche de notre quotidien ?
The Handmaid’s Tale et l’anticipation des futurs dystopiques
Authors: Koch Felipe
Published: February 2022

Penser les futurs en tant que scénarios dystopiques nous conditionne à utiliser des mécanismes d’anticipation pour nous préparer à la contingence. Cela influence le présent, puisque les actions sont prises maintenant, et inhibe l’avènement des futurs alternatifs issus du processus d’anticipation pour l’émergence de la nouveauté. À travers l’exemple de la série The Handmaid’s Tale ( La Servante écarlate ) nous voulons montrer comment libérer nos visions des futurs. La nouveauté de notre travail réside dans la mise en collaboration de la sociologie de l’imaginaire et des futures studies dans ce que nous avons appelé une « sociologie des futurs ».
L’évanouissement de la mémoire. Le fantôme comme enregistrement dans The Haunting of Bly Manor
Authors: Sanchez Medina Daniel
Published: February 2022

Utilisée d’une manière plus ou moins métaphorique, l’image de l’enregistrement, de la trace de mémoire sur un support , a été récurrente pour expliquer les apparitions fantomatiques dans la fiction. The Haunting of Bly Manor nous propose de suivre l’évanouissement de cette trace. La série nous montre l’érosion produite par le temps sur le fantôme, allant d’un être unique, possédant un visage et une individualité, vers une sorte de marionnette sans visage répétant en boucle des actions dont elle a oublié le but. Le fantôme n’est plus un être individuel (le fantôme de quelqu’un), il se fond dans un amas avec d’autres fantômes sans visage et tous ensemble deviennent la hantise d’une maison.
Sex and the City entre mode, métropole et éros : une analyse sociologique
Authors: Amendola Alfonso , Grillo Michelle
Published: February 2022

Nous examinerons dans cet article la série télévisée Sex and the City dans sa relation avec le système de la mode. La question étudiée concerne trois thèmes fondamentaux : la séduction/l’érotisme, la mode et la métropole. Avec cette réflexion, nous souhaitons reprendre des catégories théoriques du XX e  siècle : Simmel (la mode dans son nœud existentiel) ; Baudrillard et Bataille (le thème de la séduction et de l’érotisme) ; Benjamin (le devenir de la métropole), renouvelées au prisme de notre contemporanéité, dans le cadre de la pop culture. L’envie de parler de nouveau de Sex and the City nous est venue en apprenant que la série télévisée reprendra en 2021. La réflexion présentée ici a un double objectif : reconstruire l’imaginaire audiovisuel, expressif et productif de la série en l’identifiant comme une matrice et source génératrice d’autres productions en série.
Un regard historique sur le travail indépendant des femmes en France à l’aube de la crise sanitaire du Covid-19
Authors: Richomme-Huet Katia
Published: February 2022

La pandémie de Covid-19 a impacté sanitairement, économiquement et socialement les individus dans tous les pays du monde. Les conséquences liées aux mesures prophylactiques ont ralenti ou arrêté l’économie mondiale, les marchés du travail nationaux et, in fine, la condition des femmes. Dans un contexte national moins favorable aux femmes, il leur est toujours difficile d’obtenir une double indépendance familiale et professionnelle. Être conjoint-collaborateur, aide familiale, micro-entrepreneuse, pluriactive, travailleuse indépendante, chef d’entreprise, voire employeuse ne donne pas le même statut social et économique. La disparité entre les genres dans les sphères privées et professionnelles se ressent davantage dans un environnement inédit de restrictions des possibles. Contrairement aux précédentes crises économiques, la crise sanitaire a touché massivement des secteurs féminins, impactant plus les femmes, malgré les politiques publiques d’aides financières. Les femmes ont été davantage en première ligne dans les activités de soin (care) professionnel, mais également de soin (care) privé, en supportant une charge domestique encore plus élevée. Le travail indépendant n’est pas la solution miraculeuse, qu’il soit complet ou d’appoint, même s’il peut donner l’illusion d’une autonomie financière et d’une émancipation familiale.
Une brève histoire de l’entrepreneur et de l’entreprise
Authors: Le Gauyer Thiphaine , Lacan Arnaud
Published: February 2022

Alors que les concepts « d’entrepreneur » et « d’entreprise » nous viennent du fin fond de l’histoire, ils ne sont pas toujours bien clairs pour tous et pas nécessairement bien compris aujourd’hui. Cette imprécision et cette confusion dans les termes peuvent devenir une difficulté pour appréhender l’entreprise et plus globalement le domaine économique. L’entrepreneuriat n’a jamais été aussi prisé, valorisé par les business School et aussi cité en référence, notamment par les plus jeunes générations qui adhèrent en majorité au concept. C’est pourquoi un éclairage sur l’évolution sémantique du concept d’entrepreneur peut nous aider à comprendre la réalité de l’entreprise aujourd’hui. À travers différentes périodes de notre histoire générale et économique, cet article retrace la longue et riche histoire de ces concepts en les mettant en perspectives avec leur période contextuelle pour arriver jusqu’aux temps contemporains et l’émergence du travail indépendant. Du Moyen-Âge au 21 ième siècle, de l’entrepreneur épique à l’entrepreneur de crise, cet article propose de balayer des siècles d’évolution de l’entrepreneuriat pour mieux éclairer sa réalité contemporaine. Cela permet enfin d’aborder la nécessaire question du risque et du rapport que les entrepreneurs entretiennent avec cette difficile incertitude tout en évoquant les nouvelles mutations de l’entrepreneuriat et notamment l’entrepreneuriat individuel et le travail indépendant. Pour comprendre l’entrepreneuriat de demain, pour pouvoir l’articuler avec les évolutions des modèles de travail, le regard historique s’avère précieux et permet une projection riche sur la base d’un passé connu.
Le discours responsabiliste des dirigeants : une critique anthropologique de la rhétorique entrepreneuriale et managériale
Authors: Malherbe Denis
Published: February 2022

Qu’elle soit entrepreneuriale ou managériale, la responsabilité est un thème fréquemment évoqué dans les médias par les dirigeants des grands groupes. Dans leurs propos, l’intention du «  bien faire  » peut sembler équivaloir à la volonté de «  faire le bien  ». S’inscrivant dans la perspective d’une réflexion éthique sur la responsabilité managériale, l’article déconstruit ce discours à partir d’une analyse rhétorique de onze entretiens accordés par des dirigeants à des médias accessibles au grand public. Pour interroger les dits et non-dits du discours responsabiliste, elle prend appui sur une approche interdisciplinaire qui fait dialoguer la recherche critique en Sciences de Gestion avec la philosophie classique d’Aristote, mais aussi plusieurs contributions contemporaines de la sociologie, de la psychanalyse et des Sciences des Religions.
Le rapport au risque des entrepreneurs : un éclairage sur les tendances sociétales entrepreneuriales
Authors: Lacan Arnaud
Published: February 2022

Les entreprises comme les entrepreneurs sont sous les feux de la rampe. Plus que jamais ils sont au cœur de nos préoccupations et de nos observations. La montée en puissance de la microentreprise, le charme de la « start-up nation », l’attirance des jeunes générations pour l’entrepreneuriat… tout nous indique un véritable attrait croissant pour la création ou la reprise d’entreprise plutôt qu’un rêve de salariat. Pour autant, l’aventure entrepreneuriale n’est pas sans porter quelques écueils. La démarche entrepreneuriale pourrait peut-être même se caractériser par le lien que le futur entrepreneur entretient avec le risque. C’est pourquoi, dans cet esprit de décryptage des tendances sociétales, le rapport au risque que nourrissent les entrepreneurs mérite d’être analysé. En effet, ce dernier révèle les motivations et les modalités de la démarche entrepreneuriale ainsi que les tendances sociétales de la création des entreprises. Afin de comprendre au mieux ce lien, nous avons pu bénéficier d’une étude mettant à jour les grandes lignes de ce rapport risque - entreprises sondées auprès de plus de 800 chefs d’entreprise. L’analyse des résultats de cette étude nous amène à proposer le désir d’indépendance et d’autonomie comme motivation principale à la création d’entreprise tout en soulignant aussi l’émergence des problématiques de protection sociale. Deux tendances lourdes de l’entrepreneuriat qu’il faudra assez vite traduire en réponses opérationnelles pour soutenir et entretenir cet élan.
Stochastic persistence in degenerate stochastic Lotka-Volterra food chains
Authors: Benaïm Michel , Bourquin Antoine , Nguyen Dang H.
Published: February 2022

We consider a Lotka-Volterra food chain model with possibly intra-specific competition in a stochastic environment represented by stochastic differential equations. In the non-degenerate setting, this model has already been studied by A. Hening and D. Nguyen in [9, 10] where they provided conditions for stochastic persistence and extinction. In this paper, we extend their results to the degenerate situation in which the top or the bottom species is subject to random perturbations. Under the persistence condition, there exists a unique invariant probability measure supported by the interior of \begin{document}$ {{\mathbb R}}_+^n $\end{document} having a smooth density.

Moreover, we study a more general model, in which we give new conditions which make it possible to characterize the convergence of the semi-group towards the unique invariant probability measure either at an exponential rate or at a polynomial one. This will be used in the stochastic Lotka-Volterra food chain to see that if intra-specific competition occurs for all species, the rate of convergence is exponential while in the other cases it is polynomial.
On pole assignment of high-order discrete-time linear systems with multiple state and input delays
Authors: Zhang Lixuan , Yang Xuefei
Published: February 2022

This paper studies the problem of pole assignment for high-order discrete-time linear systems with multiple state and input delays. When the number of state delays is larger than or equal to that of input delays, an effective predictor feedback controller is proposed based on the augmented technique, and the design process for the feedback gain is also presented. In addition, it is proved that the pole assignment problem is solvable if and only if the solutions to a linear matrix equation are such that a matrix is nonsingular. When the number of state delays is smaller than that of input delays, the original system is first transformed into a delay-free system with keeping the system controllability invariant, and then, the corresponding controller with designable feedback gain is established. To characterize all of the feedback gains, a factorization approach is introduced which can provide full degree of freedom. Numerical examples are employed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.
Exponential stability and stabilization of fractional stochastic degenerate evolution equations in a Hilbert space: Subordination principle
Authors: Ahmadova Arzu , Mahmudov Nazim I. , Nieto Juan J.
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we obtain a closed-form representation of a mild solution to the fractional stochastic degenerate evolution equation in a Hilbert space using the subordination principle and semigroup theory. We study aforesaid abstract fractional stochastic Cauchy problem with nonlinear state-dependent terms and show that if the Sobolev type resolvent families describing the linear part of the model are exponentially stable, then the whole system retains this property under some Lipschitz continuity assumptions for nonlinearity. We also establish conditions for stabilizability and prove that the stochastic nonlinear fractional Cauchy problem is exponentially stabilizable when the stabilizer acts linearly on the control systems. Finally, we provide applications to show the validity of our theory.
Information Needs for an Online Resource for LGBTQ+ Young People: Mental Health, Sexual Health, and Navigating Services
Authors: Haimson Oliver L. , Delmonaco Daniel , Harper Gary , Hughson Amber , Jadwin-Cakmak Laura , Popoff Elliot , Paneda Christian , Li Shannon
Published: February 2022

 
Managing programmatic trade-offs for centers of teaching and learning: Applying a segmentation, targeting, and positioning approach to pedagogical offerings
Authors: Chen Christopher V.H.-H. , Althouse Ian G. , DeClercq Caitlin P. , Phillipson Mark L.
Published: February 2022

The demands of current instructional realities for moving to completely online formats have led to dramatic changes in the ways that centers for teaching and learning serve their communities. Pedagogical programs have been adapted, invented, and reimagined for online modalities. In this article, we share an approach borrowed from marketing—segmentation, targeting, and positioning (STP)—and describe three cases showing the application of STP in our center’s work with instructors. This approach has helped us clarify and target our pedagogical priorities, allowing us to make appropriate trade-offs to produce more focused educational development programming that better meets our audience’s needs, constraints, and contexts.
Financial Assessment Model for Energy Streams
Authors: Naik S. Jithender Kumar , Hassanpour Malek
Published: February 2022

The energy assessment in any industrial/engineering project is an important aspect of project identification in the environmental impact assessment (EIA) plan. It figures out the efficiency of projects through data envelopment analysis (DEA) in comparison with revenue, prior to the establishment of full-scale industries. This study assessed eight groups of Iranian small and medium-sized industries (ISMSI) for the energy stream/revenue. The DEA model is supported by weighing systems of Friedman test, criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC), analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and entropy Shannon to assess the efficiency of industries. Four weighing systems of the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model revealed no significant differences among findings of industrial groups, keeping in view the sensitivity analysis conducted and good reliability of Cronbach's Alpha (α = 0.858). Therefore, the application of the DEA model is highly recommended for managing energy streams in the EIA plan.
Corporate Integrated Reporting
Authors: Vinsalek Stipic Valentina
Published: February 2022

The goal of every company should not be profit exclusively but also public welfare and social responsibility. Traditional financial reporting of companies was not sufficient to monitor the sustainable development of companies and their impact on the wider community. The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) was introduced to provide global guidelines to report social and environmental information. The emphasis is on reporting and measuring the level of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Reporting on CSR is necessary because companies need to be responsible for the implementation of its principles, aimed at protecting the interests of stakeholders. Mandatory GRI reporting increases social responsibility due to reduced business risk and enhanced business performance.
Economic Growth, Energy Consumption, and Carbon Emissions
Authors: Olayungbo David Oluseun , Faiyetole Ayodele Adekunle , Olayungbo Adenike Anike
Published: February 2022

This chapter examines the interactions among energy consumption, economic growth, and carbon emissions in Nigeria for the period 1971-2018. The study adopts time-varying parameter vector auto regression (TVP-VAR) to explore the dynamic effects among the variables of interest. After analyzing the statistical properties of the data with Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), a causal relationship between energy consumption and economic growth was found. It is also found that the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis is valid for Nigeria. It implies that as the economy of Nigeria grew, emissions were reduced. It is recommended that the Nigerian government should continue pursuing emissions reduction policies, such as the nationally determined contributions (NDCs), and should also ensure the appropriate energy mix to enhance industrialization drive and improve environmental quality.
Conflicts in the Modern World and Their Impact on International Security
Authors: Chakhava Ketevan
Published: February 2022

The central problem of the theory of international relations is the problem of international conflicts. And this is quite justified, if we bear in mind the goal that has been objectively facing all of humanity in recent decades – this is survival, the prevention of a global thermonuclear catastrophe. Since any armed clash is only an extreme expression of a political conflict, its highest stage, insofar as the study of the causes of conflicts and methods of their settlement, especially at those stages when it is still relatively easy to carry out, has not only theoretical but also great practical importance. An international conflict is a direct or indirect clash of interests of two or more parties (states, groups of states, peoples, political movements) based on the contradictions of an objective or subjective nature between them. By their origin, these contradictions and the problems they generate in relations between states can be territorial, national, religious, economic, military-strategic, scientific and technical, etc.
Negative Effects of Corruption on the Global Level
Authors: Kervalishvili Irakli
Published: February 2022

Corruption is a form of dishonesty or criminal offense undertaken by a person or organization entrusted with a position of authority to acquire illicit benefit or abuse power for one's private gain. Corruption may include many activities including bribery and embezzlement, though it may also involve practices that are legal in many countries. Political corruption occurs when an officeholder or other governmental employee acts in an official capacity for personal gain. Corruption is most commonplace in kleptocracies, oligarchies, narco-states, and mafia states. Corruption can occur on different scales. Corruption ranges from small favors between a small number of people (petty corruption) to corruption that affects the government on a large scale (grand corruption) and corruption that is so prevalent that it is part of the everyday structure of society, including corruption as one of the symptoms of organized crime.
Main Characters of Globalization in the 21st Century
Authors: Kervalishvili Irakli
Published: February 2022

The aim of this chapter is analysis of the main aspects of globalization, which are interrelated to the political, economic, information, cultural, etc. aspects of the global processes, and discussion about main characters of globalization, main approaches to the globalization problems, manifestations of globalization, development of new technologies, leading factors of the globalization process, ambiguity and non-equality of the globalization processes, and in general, about the main positive and negative sides of globalization.
The Interplay Between Territorial Control and Violent Non-State Actors (VNSAs)
Authors: Karakuş Muhammed
Published: February 2022

The conundrum of the violent non-state actors (VNSAs) became the center of gravity in global politico-military settings especially after the disappearance of “patron-proxy” relationships. The threat to the authority of the central administration in internationally recognized boundaries by both deploying an assortment of tactics and more sophisticated structural stand points strengthened their competence. On the other side, social, economic, religious, environmental, and demographic conditions of the current century also contributed minacious divaricated frondeurs to sprout up. This chapter examines the interplay between territorial control and VNSA. There are empirical case studies related to the position of the VNSAs in the relevant literature, but little is known about the interplay between them that leads to governance functions and even foreign policy. The intention is to substantiate how these actors created legitimacy that ended up in almost all state activities although they are not recognized internationally.
Geopolitics, Governance, and AI
Authors: Pastor Jose Manuel Azcona , González Fernando Gil
Published: February 2022

This chapter explores the global context of the deformation of political reality in relation to artificial intelligence (AI). The chapter discusses the need to understand the importance of geopolitics for good governance. Likewise, the chapter examines, from a historical perspective, the planetary governance structures that have been characterized through the following three fundamental pillars: (1) the exercise of power over a specific territory, (2) the inequality between the central executive and administered regional structures, and finally, (3) the implementation of a political project through various forms of influence from the political, economic, institutional, social, ideological, and technological perspectives. The chapter concludes with an analysis of the future of AI in public governance practices and processes.
A Policy Framework Towards the Use of Artificial Intelligence by Public Institutions
Authors: Patnaik Priyadarsini
Published: February 2022

The greatest revolution in technology to date is artificial intelligence (AI). With rapid technological advances, government agencies, business, and academia are looking for guidance and standards around artificial intelligence. Several of the AI applications can be viewed as algorithms that make decisions, raising the question of when society will attempt to delegate decision making processes to computers. A crucial practical application should be in mind while creating a theoretical taxonomy about decisions and their context, in terms of norms, laws, and policies. Using artificial intelligence (AI), this study proposes a policy framework for the country by analysing FATE (fairness, accountability, transparency, and explainability). This study examines three core areas, namely public policy, artificial intelligence (AI), and decision making. As a means to better understand public policy, a description of how decision-making processes are based on the concept of artificial intelligence is presented.
The Dark Side of Progress
Authors: Pérez-Martínez José Emilio
Published: February 2022

This chapter deals with one of the hottest issues in recent years: the application of artificial intelligence to surveillance systems and the movements against this type of surveillance in Spain. The authors show how, in the face of the advance of facial recognition technologies in more and more aspects of our lives in Spain and around the world, movements of response and rejection to this new model of society are being organised. The cases of UNIR and Mercadona are analysed in this text as representative of the state of these debates in the Spanish public sphere.
The Application of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) in Accounting
Authors: Edghiem Farag , Hariri Noha , Alkhalifah Eman S.
Published: February 2022

The Lebanese economy has been experiencing dramatic changes marking political and financial waves of reform and turmoil over the last decade, and specifically after the latest consecutive recessions. All sectors of the local economy had been substantially affected by the economic recession. The accounting system which is directly connected with business sectors was hindered by the economic crisis developments where the compliance of business entities that are on the verge of collapse with IPSASs (International Public Sector Accounting Standards) became extremely problematic. This chapter explores robotic process automation (RPA) in the accounting domain from the perspective of the Lebanese economic crisis.
Management, Performance, and Measurement of Organizational Resilience
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: February 2022

The aim of this paper is to analyze the different implications between management, performance, and measurement of organizational resilience from the different ontologies and methodologies emerging to protect organizations against disturbances, disruptions, and disasters such as risk and crisis management and continuity management. The underlying assumptions are based on the lack of clarification of the relationships among these concepts despite the strong background in various disciplines, as well as the required assessment of unknown threats, assuming measures of a general resilience to enhance abilities to face unanticipated and unexpected events and disasters. The method employed is the analytical reflective of theoretical and empirical literature review sustained in a holistic approach. It is concluded that each discipline based on its own ontology provides concepts, methodologies, and tools to implement and measure organizational resilience management performance linked to organizational levels and offering solutions.
Comitati di bioetica in tema di procreazione artificiale
Authors: Spagnolo Antonio G.
Published: February 2022

Il dibattito pubblico relativo agli aspetti etici delle nuove tecnologie riproduttive è stato iniziato dagli stessi scienziati coinvolti nelle ricerche in questo campo. Successivamente, sin dalla metà degli anni '70 il ricorso a comitati o commissioni etiche è emerso come una modalità estremamente importante di analisi dei problemi in questo campo anche al fine delle successive decisioni di politica pubblica. L'autore fa una revisione dei pareri di Comitati etici nazionali nel campo delle tecnologie riproduttive considerando tre punti principali: a) i problemi dell'applicazione clinica della fecondazione in vitro; b) il problema della maternità surrogata; c) il problema della ricerca sull'embrione umano. Egli considera, quindi, alcune linee-guida relative al funzionamento dei Comitati Etici all'interno dei servizi di procreazione assistita. Infine, auspica che vengano definite da ogni comitato alcune procedure operative standard pubblicamente accettate che impegnino il comitato stesso a fornire il loro parere secondo alcuni criteri razionali.
Thulium laser enucleation of prostate
Authors: Kant Shahil , Chaudhari Rajeev R , Gupta Aman , Shah Bonny , Sharma Satyadev
Published: February 2022

Background:

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) has been the undisputed gold standard treatment for benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). However, morbidity after TURP remains significant with increased risk of bleeding and TUR syndrome. In recent years, the role of laser technology in endoscopic prostatic surgery has gradually increased. In our study, we evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel technique of Thulium laser enucleation of prostate (THULEP) in the treatment of BPE.

Materials and Methods:

Five hundred and thirty-six patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were treated with THULEP. The inclusion criteria were acute retention of urine with the failure of trial without catheter, dissatisfaction with medical treatment, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) <15 ml/s, and International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) >15. Patients were evaluated by Digital rectal examination (DRE), uroflowmetry, IPSS, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), blood and urine routine tests, abdominal ultrasonography, and trans-rectal ultrasonography (TRUS).

Results:

The efficacy of THULEP was assessed by comparing preoperative variables with postoperative data. IPSS score got reduced from 24 to 3.5, quality of life score improved to 0–1 from 4–5. Qmax improved from mean 7 to 20 ml/s, Postvoid residue reduced from a mean of 110 to 12 ml. Hospital stay was < 36 h in the majority of patients. The average operative time was 45 min. No postoperative blood transfusion was required.

Conclusion:

THULEP is a safe procedure and has a lesser number of complications. THULEP can replace monopolar TURP as a gold standard for the treatment of BPH.