bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of tactile floor signs in public buildings
Authors: Semenenko Darya Andreevna , Nazarov Yuri Vladimirovich
Published: May 2022

The infrastructure of modern states and megacities is very complex and extensive, so human orientation in urban space is extremely necessary. This article is devoted to the problem of adapting the surrounding space for blind and visually impaired people, the publication is designed to help solve the problem of orientation in the environment of this group of consumers. After all, despite the seemingly relatively small number of blind and visually impaired people compared to healthy citizens, in reality there are more than 2.2 billion people with visual impairments of varying complexity in the world, who, like ordinary people, should be able to move freely in the surrounding space. В  For a detailed understanding of the stated problem, the authors analyzed the experience of using various means in public buildings, such as tactile floor signs, mnemonic circuits, tactile signs, navigators, as well as mobile applications. Problems of accessibility of the environment for people with disabilities arise everywhere. Understanding the accessibility situation and searching for various solutions that contribute to the adaptation of the environment, as well as describing all kinds of developments related to the field of "affordable design" and presented in this article, will be able to improve the quality of life of blind and visually impaired people in our complex world.
Let’s be FAIR to our students
Authors: Paralikar Swapnil
Published: May 2022

In order that learning of the students is enhanced, it is necessary that teachers practice the FAIR principles. These include: Giving effective feedback to the students regularly, practicing active learning approaches in the classroom, making an endeavor to tailor learning to the needs of individual students, and making the basic sciences relevant. This paper discusses these FAIR principles.
Tension pneumoventricle in a patient with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and an ethmoidal meningoencephalocele
Authors: De Jesus Orlando , Thomas Ricardo J. Fernández-de , Feliciano Caleb
Published: May 2022

Background:

Tension pneumoventricle is a rare, life-threatening complication. It has been rarely described in patients with ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts.

Case Description:

A 28-year-old male patient with a VP shunt became progressively lethargic after falling from his wheelchair. Skull X-rays and head CT scan showed abundant air inside the ventricles. He was taken to the operating room, and the shunt was revised without improvement. Two days later, a frontal external ventricular drain was placed to remove the air. In the investigation toward the etiology of the pneumoventricle, a review of previous head CT scans and brain MRIs showed that the patient had a small left frontonasal meningoencephalocele extending into the ethmoid, which had been unnoticed. He underwent repair of the defect with adequate sealing of the frontal skull base.

Conclusion:

In a shunted patient with moderate or severe symptoms from a tension pneumoventricle, external ventricular drainage is required to remove the air as the shunt is inadequate.
Determination of Environmentally Relevant Compounds Using Fast GC/TOF-MS
Authors: Hirsch Roman , Ternes Thomas A. , Bobeldijk Ivana , Weck Rudolf A.
Published: May 2022

The use of GC/MS techniques is crucial to modern environmental trace analysis. However, due to the slow scanning capabilities of common quadrupole detectors, the implementation of fast gas chromatography is restricted. The now evolving Time-of-Flight mass detectors, have fast scanning
capabilities and thus can provide the data density necessary to accurately define narrow chromatographic peaks typical for accelerated GC methods.The applications described herein demonstrate how the analysis of acidic pesticides and acidic drugs can be easily accelerated by a factor of
5 to 10 simply by using smaller column dimensions and higher helium flow rates. The quantitative data recorded with a Leco Pegasus II TOF system were comparable to the results obtained with the original routine methods. In addition to the fast acquisition, special software features allow peaks
to be found automatically even when they are buried underneath the baseline, thus enabling an additional screening for unknown components besides the target analysis. A spectral deconvolution algorithm separates overlapping mass spectra and thus helps to deal with coeluting signals which can
often be observed using fast GC conditions.
Preparative LC/MS Technology: A Key Component of the Existing High Speed Synthesis Platform at Syngenta
Authors: Diggelmann Martin , Spörri Heinz , Gassmann Ernst
Published: May 2022

Sizable investments in laboratory automation and state-of-the-art purification equipment were made at Syngenta Crop Protection with the objective to increase synthesis capacity and effectively support typical lead optimization activities. The successful implementation of a high-speed-synthesis
platform consisted of the modular assembly of various commercially available liquid-handling workstations in combination with in-house developed parallel synthesis reaction manifolds. Preparative LC/MS technology was identified as a key success factor for optimizing overall throughput
by addressing existing bottlenecks in parallel synthesis such as the fast and unattended isolation of compounds. Automated data analysis is crucial for high-throughput quality control and to allow all compounds of interprets to be sorted rapidly, i.e. those having defined structures
and passing predefined purity criteria. The integrated application of the tools as described is intended to support chemists in their task to derive reliable structure–activity relationships more quickly and hopefully to shorten the time needed to identify innovative drug candidates.
On-line Festphasenextraktion (SPE) für die HPLC
Authors: Obrist Heinrich
Published: May 2022

Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) has rapidly evolved to become one of the most popular methods for sample clean-up today. Based on well-known chromatographic principles, SPE is easily performed, typically provides superior results, and will continue to replace traditional extraction techniques.
SPE can be automated using robotic type sample processors; however, for SPE followed by LC or LC/MS, there is a much more efficient alternative and offers ruggedness, excellent precision and high sample throughput. With the PROSPEKT-System, the purified analytes elute directly from the SPE
column onto the analytical column for LC analysis, eliminating off-line sample transfer including eluate collection, evaporation, reconstituation and injection.
Towards a Total Synthesis of Aminoacylated t-RNAs
Authors: Pitsch Stefan
Published: May 2022

In the ribosomal biosynthesis of proteins, the aminoacylated t-RNAs serve as carriers of the amino acids. A total synthesis of these biological key-compounds would allow the site-specific incorporation of modifications within the t-RNA and attachment of any desired amino acid. Such analogues are useful tools for structural and functional studies, and for the incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins.Our retrosynthetic scheme for the preparation of aminoacylated t-RNAs includes the synthesis of truncated t-RNAs, the synthesis of aminoacylated RNA-fragments, and their subsequent ligation. In this article, we present our approaches toward the realization of these three tasks.
Instrumentalanalyse, Automation und Robotics in der Klinischen Chemie
Authors: Vonderschmitt Dieter J.
Published: May 2022

Clinical chemistry is probably the part of analytical chemistry which is under the greatest pressure with respect to productivity. This results in methods completely different from those used in classical analytical chemistry. Separation methods and the determination of the concentrations
of the separated components are usually not possible because of the inherent slowness of the procedures. This is true except in situations where closely related substances that occur as mixtures in biological fluids are to be measured (amino acids, proteins, sugars, fatty acids, drugs and
their metabolites). For these special conditions GC-MS, LC-MS and other instrumental methods can be used. For the bulk of tests, however, chemical (photometric), enzymatic, immunological and genetic methods are applied. The components to be measured are specifically determined within the complex
biological matrix without prior separation. The often complicated reactions lead to products that can be assessed by photometry, turbidometry, nephelometry or fluorometry. Samples (serum, plasma, urine) are processed in automated devices with high test frequency. Characteristic data are: sample
volume 5 to 10 ?l, time of analysis 8 to 10 min, test frequency 200 to 300 tests per hour. For the determination of simple ions ion-selective electrodes are used. Increasingly, robots are engaged for sample preparation, reading of sample identification, centrifugation, decapping of test
tubes, aliquoting and identification of aliquot tubes. Instrumental analysis, automation and robotics would be useless without laboratory information systems. Such systems allow the doctor to order the tests from his office terminal. According to the request, barcodes are printed to identify
the sample tubes. The samples with barcode but without any accompanying form are taken to the laboratory and the reading of the barcode triggers the download of the request into the laboratory system.
Entwicklung einer einfachen biegbaren Vorhangschiene
Authors: Maurer Sabine , Von Arx Urs
Published: May 2022

An investigation of various thermoplasts was carried out in view of producing a pliable curtain track. PVC and PET have the ideal physical properties.
Variations de la représentation des élèves sur le numérique à l'École en fonction des espaces-temps entre 2008 et 2018. Mise en perspective de trois études de cas en France
Authors: Cerisier Jean-François , Merlet-Fortin Sylvie , Pierrot Laëtitia , Solari Landa Melina
Published: May 2022

L’appropriation des techniques numériques à des fins d’apprentissages scolaires constitue l’un des enjeux du numérique pour l’éducation. L’approche techno-pédagogique trouve ses limites pour appréhender la dynamique de ce processus. Des études conduites à plusieurs années d’intervalle montrent un affaiblissement significatif de la place du numérique dans les représentations que les élèves du secondaire se font de l’École. Notre article interroge la façon dont la scolarisation du numérique influence la représentation que les jeunes se construisent du numérique à l’école.
Yachay, uma cidade do conhecimento equatoriana: desdobramentos e implicações do modelo del Buen Vivir
Authors: Celso da Silva Paulo
Published: May 2022

Este artigo apresente os resultados iniciais da pesquisa acerca da Cidade do Conhecimento de Yachay, ubicada na região norte do Ecuador. Proposta a partir do Modelo do Buen Vivir, o projeto, iniciado em 2012, deverá ser concluído em 2040 com a formação da Área Metropolitana de Yachay e promete desenvolver os setores de Inovação, pesquisa e empreendedorismo, contudo, baseado em uma proposta socioética em que pessoas, comunidades, territórios e economia possam ampliar seu potencial em direção aio bem comum. O artigo inicia com uma breve, mas necessária explanação acerca dos conceitos de Cidade do conhecimento e de Smart city, seguido da apresentação do projeto de Yachay, sua localização e características. Com a aprovação do ‘Plan Nacional para el Buen Vivir – PNBV’ e da ‘Ley Orgánica de Educación Superior – LOES’ foram possíveis as mudanças estruturais, necessárias ao desenvolvimento do Ensino Superior visando diretamente Yachay. Em seguida, foram pesquisados dois diários equatorianos, sendo El Comércio da capital Quito e El Norte, de Ibarra na Região Norte. A escolha desses dois diários deveu-se pela diferença ideológica encontrada em suas matérias referentes à Ciudad del Conocimiento de Yachay, sendo o jornal da capital contrário e crítico desde o início do projeto e o Jornal da Região Norte equatoriana, com uma postura mais analítica dos acontecimentos e sua relevância para a população da Região, implicada diretamente nas transformações de seu território vivido. O Projeto de Yachay prossegue, mas certamente já alterou significativamente o desenvolvimento da ciência e tecnologia no Equador.
Por uma ética-fenomenológica do sul em psicologia da saúde
Authors: Castro Gillianno J. M. , Albertini Rafael Z. , Costa Márcio Luis
Published: May 2022

Este artigo pretende apresentar uma reflexão sobre as eticidades operantes nas pesquisas em Psicologia da Saúde e os efeitos ou modelos de mundo que deles decorrem. Em primeiro lugar, faz-se uma diferenciação entre os pressupostos de eticidade presente nas práticas de pesquisa com inspiração nas Ciências Naturais e, posteriormente, sobre uma proposta de prática ética-fenomenológica do Sul. Para tanto, constrói-se uma reflexão teórica, bibliográfica e transversal. Como resultados, é possível destacar: (i) o abandono do modelo lógico-formal das Ciências da Natureza e a distinção entre o horizontes de operação delas em relação ao das Ciências Humanas; (ii) a delimitação do ego não como fundamento, mas sim como uma posição e um exercício de poder; (iii) a proposta de se pensar o espaço de pesquisa ético como um locus implicativo e vital marcado por influências e decisões de caráter político, social e cultural; (iv) a possibilidade de proposição de um modelo de eticidade inclusivo.
Saúde, ética no cuidado e a política nacional de atenção integral à saúde do homem
Authors: Espíndola Fontoura Junior Eduardo , Medeiros Márcia Maria de , Aparecida Piccoli Fontoura Flaviany
Published: May 2022

Questões que afetam a saúde do homem têm crescido exponencialmente no cenário mundial. Isso se deve, em parte, ao fato de se construir a ideia de masculinidade, que estabelece normas e padrões de comportamento enraizados no modo como essa população pensa o "ser homem", impedindo-o de compreender a importância de cuidar de si mesmo. O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre os eixos centrais da Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem (PNAISH), observando suas interfaces com as questões referentes à ética no cuidado e às questões de gênero, bem como buscar a relação da PNAISH com o contexto social, histórico e cultural que constrói a ideia de masculinidade. Trata-se de um ensaio de natureza crítico-reflexiva, com base na PNAISH e seus eixos centrais. Conclui-se que são necessárias discussões que promovam a saúde do homem, uma vez que as ações que envolvem esse processo avançam lentamente, devido à dificuldade de reflexão sobre as práticas de saúde que tem o homem como protagonista e à conjuntura histórica que toca as questões de gênero, distanciando este assunto das premissas necessárias ao seu cuidado.
Direitos humanos e o refúgio: direito fundamental à saúde sob à ótica do sistema único de saúde do Brasil
Authors: Giuliano Soares Karen , Giuliano Soares Karine
Published: May 2022

Os refugiados deixam o seu país de origem por diferentes circunstâncias e, seguem para outros territórios em busca de segurança, proteção, saúde e até mesmo da própria sobrevivência. A saúde dos refugiados pode se encontrar fragilizada devido aos traumas enfrentados no país de origem, como também em decorrência de todo o processo de refúgio e chegada no país de destino, sendo de extrema importância que o país possa acolher a essas pessoas de maneira adequada. O estudo possui como objetivo investigar a forma de acesso do refugiado à saúde e o direito fundamental do mesmo sob a ótica do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). O estudo apresentado possui como metodologia as pesquisas bibliográficas de publicações cientificas disponíveis e se apresenta de forma qualitativa por se tratar de uma pesquisa teórica. No Brasil, o número de refugiados vem crescendo, e o país possui um sistema de saúde público, o qual sua centralidade está na universalidade, na integralidade e na equidade do atendimento. Deste modo, destaca-se a importância de se possuir um sistema de saúde que atenda essas pessoas de maneira equitativa, respeitando os direitos e a dignidade humana. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o SUS ainda tem muito a avançar para atender a todos em igualdade de condições, para promover melhorias na saúde e diminuição de agravos a mesma. Espera-se com este estudo, apresentar questões que possam ampliar a visão da população em relação ao tema proposto, a fim de, buscar medidas de melhoria para o atendimento dos refugiados pelo SUS no Brasil.
Relações entre migrações internacionais e empregabilidade no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul-Brasil
Authors: de Souza Sales Gabriel , Torres Ituassu Camila
Published: May 2022

O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar e discutir as relações de trabalho de migrantes internacionais no Brasil, mais especificamente no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, a partir da perspectiva da Psicologia Sócio-Histórica. A metodologia é constituída pela coleta de dados a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica. Os movimentos migratórios acontecem a todo o momento, principalmente para países com fronteiras abertas e com leis para regulamentar a situação destes. Quando chegam ao Brasil, os migrantes trazem consigo sua cultura e a saudade de sua terra natal e de quem ficou para trás, além de enfrentarem barreiras para conseguirem ascender no novo lar. Mato Grosso do Sul, por fazer fronteira com dois países, Bolívia e Paraguai, é uma das importantes portas de entrada para nossos vizinhos, que, ao chegar, se instalam no estado ou seguem para outros estados. Um dos principais motivos dos movimentos migratórios são as crises financeiras, o excedente de mão-de-obra e a pobreza, principalmente em países designados como “subdesenvolvidos”. Desta forma, um dos aspectos prioritários dos migrantes é a conquista de um trabalho, como forma de se estabelecer no país de chegada, garantindo a permanência ou saída destas pessoas em seu novo país.
La experiencia de los niños indígenas jornaleros agrícolas migrantes en el noroeste de México
Authors: Vera Noriega José Ángel , Durazo Salas Francisco Fernando
Published: May 2022

Nuestro artículo tiene como objetivo describir la forma de vida de niñas y niños indígenas jornaleros agrícolas migrantes, así como las particularidades de la migración interna indígena en el noroeste de México. En este marco, los procesos de ajuste de las políticas al campo destruyeron la capacidad económica de los campesinos en favor de un modelo neoliberal e incrementaron los flujos migratorios de las regiones deprimidas (sur-sureste) a las regiones agrícolas desarrolladas del país (noroeste). La migración se ha convertido en una característica inherente a los pueblos indígenas y jornaleros agrícolas; los cambios sociales, culturales, económicos y otros, los han colocado en una situación que los somete a procesos de explotación laboral y a una constante discriminación. La movilidad y el trabajo como condiciones de vida obligan a familias enteras a contratarse como jornaleros en los campos agroindustriales, en este contexto, la incorporación de niños y niñas indígenas migrantes en actividades del mercado agrícola implica que abandonen la escuela y vayan esporádicamente a la escuela para niños migrantes. Adicionalmente, están expuestos a problemas de salud relacionados con la intensa jornada de trabajo, las condiciones en las que lo realizan, los riesgos de la propia actividad laboral, los accidentes durante los traslados al campo, entre otros.
Corrupción y desigualdad social: sendas de la antidemocracia
Authors: Fariñas Dulce María José , Ferlin D’Ambroso Marcelo José
Published: May 2022

El artículo describe las relaciones ambiguas entre el poder económico y el Estado, y analiza cómo el discurso anticorrupción puede ser usado para ocultar prácticas de corrupción política, que seguirán impunes en perpetuación de un sistema corrompido. Además, relaciona la desigualdad social a la corrupción por el poder económico, desde un punto de vista crítico, mostrando que la corrupción no impide el crecimiento económico, pero sí profundiza la desigualdad social, capturando las personas en un círculo vicioso que genera la pérdida de la cultura de lo común, lo colectivo, lo público, comprometiendo de esta manera a las democracias liberales.
Maestras y maestros de los territorios populares. De las condiciones de posibilidad de la descolonización académica
Authors: Fernández Mouján Inés , Palumbo María Mercedes
Published: May 2022

Este ensayo propone tematizar las condiciones de posibilidad de la descolonización de nuestras teorías-prácticas académicas, especialmente en lo referido a la concepción de los sujetos como productores de saberes y su validación. El significante maestro se extiende para incluir no sólo a aquellos propios de la academia sino también a maestras y maestros de los territorios populares. Esta ampliación implica otorgar dignidad, reconocimiento y validez a una serie extensa y heterogénea de saberes populares que emergen de las prácticas sociales y se entrelazan con nuestros saberes académicos. La consideración anterior plantea la necesidad de avanzar hacia una radicalización de la crítica epistemológica y de las epistemologías críticas, desafiando los cánones de la ciencia moderna/colonial-empirista-positivista. Para ello, nos valemos de los aportes de las teorías críticas periféricas, con particular énfasis en el giro decolonial.
El conflicto colombiano: el peligro de conocer solo una versión de la historia
Authors: Galeano Freddy
Published: May 2022

A la pregunta sobre las razones por las que el pueblo colombiano no se ha dejado seducir por el actual proceso de paz con las guerrillas de las Farc y el Eln, habría que cuestionarse ¿qué intereses hay detrás? y ¿quién ha contado las versiones de la historia de esa dramática realidad social que ha pervivido en Colombia por más de 50 años?El conocer y tratar de entender los diferentes prismas de la realidad social, puede empezar por decodificar dispositivos de discriminación e indolencia que, en suma, son obstáculos para comprender que lo que en apariencia consideramos “otras” realidades sociales, son también nuestras. Si se logra ver esas conexiones sociales, existe la posibilidad de reescribir esa historia única que se ha difundido bajo el agravante de inducir a pensar como “única verdad”, y abrir una oportunidad de conexión responsable como ciudadanos de un mismo país en aras de fortalecer la opinión pública ante los discursos maniqueístas que dificultan la comprensión real de los hechos.
Naître et non-être à Ravensbrück. Une expérience extrême de la maternité à travers Kinderzimmer de Valentine Goby
Authors: Raoult Marie-Gersande
Published: May 2022

Donner la vie dans un camp de la mort. Le roman Kinderzimmer de Valentine Goby nous livre une expérience à la fois traumatisante et sublimée de la grossesse et de la maternité vécues entre les murs du camp de Ravensbrück. Si le texte nous permet de saisir toute la déréliction dont les déportées sont victimes, il est aussi un puissant témoignage d’acte de résistance émanant du plus profond des entrailles d’une femme. A travers ce texte, nous nous proposons d’analyser l’état de conscience modifié que génère l’univers concentrationnaire et d’interroger le rapport que la vie in utero entretient avec la machine exterminatrice nazie. Autrement dire comment extraire la vie de ce cercueil en béton armé.
L’adaptation de la répression de la délinquance au vieillissement. A-t-on peur de la fin de l’image fantasmée du « grand âge » : celle de personnes fragiles, vulnérables, sans défense… ?
Authors: LAPLAUD Ambre
Published: May 2022

Les prisonniers de plus de 50 ans, considérés comme la population âgée en détention, sont de plus en plus nombreux. Le vieillissement de la population carcérale conduit les acteurs du médico-social en milieu pénitentiaire à prendre en charge des détenus de plus en plus âgés et dépendants. Pour garantir le droit à la dignité, les institutions et les professionnels tentent d’adapter leurs pratiques et leur organisation. Par ailleurs, dans les établissements spécialisés pour les personnes âgées dépendantes, ces dernières bénéficient d'un personnel formé qui assure leurs soins. En prison, les détenus dépendants se retrouvent dans des situations très précaires qui accentuent le phénomène du vieillissement. Si la loi ne considère pas que l’âge avancé est incompatible, par principe, avec l’incarcération, il appartient aux autorités françaises de s’assurer d’une prise en charge conforme aux fonctions de la peine et respectueuse des droits fondamentaux des personnes détenues âgées. Quels sont les défis pour l'administration pénitentiaire et nos politiques pénales pour adapter la répression de la délinquance au vieillissement de la population carcérale ? Il appartient au législateur d’élaborer une nouvelle procédure plus complète qu’une simple nouvelle voie de recours, pouvant donner lieu à des contrôles systématiques par le juge - JAP ou JLD en fonction du champ de compétence du magistrat - afin de conférer davantage d'effectivité aux droits des détenus âgés dépendants et de s’assurer de l’adaptation constante des conditions de détention à l’état de santé du détenu.
“Enseñando a mis abuelos”: didáctica y creatividad abrazando generaciones
Authors: Tornero Tarragó Marina
Published: May 2022

El año 2020 fue excepcional en términos de incertidumbre y aislamiento para todos, pero ha sido aún más difícil para las personas mayores. En una sociedad que tiende a idealizar la juventud e infravalorar la tercera edad, la irrupción de una enfermedad que afectó especialmente a los más mayores los apartó aún más, precisamente como mecanismo de protección. De acuerdo con Cherian:Los ancianos son propensos al aislamiento social incluso en circunstancias normales, y este problema se ha ampliado aún más en el clima actual (….) Tristemente, es un símbolo de los tiempos que no visitar a parientes mayores con la intención de no exponerles a la infección se haya convertido en una muestra de amor. Ni que decir tiene que la falta de interacción social puede precipitar o empeorar el estado de ánimo y los problemas de ansiedad en los ancianos (2020).Por eso decidí poner en marcha un proyecto en el grado de Educación Primaria Bilingüe para que los estudiantes enseñaran inglés (aspectos lingüísticos y/o culturales) a una persona de más de 65 años de su entorno utilizando llamadas, video conferencias, mensajes de WhatsApp…. El resultado fue un aumento en el tiempo que los chicos pasaron con sus mayores, aprendiendo vocabulario, pronunciación, situando ciudades en mapas…, a la vez que aumentaba su autoestima, estimulaban su creatividad y afianzaban sus enlaces afectivos (Ortiz J, Castro M, 2009). Después, algunas de estas experiencias fueron reflejadas en un perfil de Instagram creado para el proyecto llamado “teaching_my_grandparents”, lo que dio lugar a la reflexión de cómo las redes sociales pueden y deben ofrecer visibilidad a todas las generaciones.
The conditions of human behaviour in the process of changes
Authors: Ścibiorek Zbigniew
Published: May 2022

The article deals with various issues related to changes, mainly resistance to them. Basic premises of transformations and doubts that may appear among the organization’s personnel have been discussed. Not only the issues concerning the resistance itself have been included, but also the reasons that determine its intensity and several methods that may be used in practice have been mentioned as well. The study is the result of materials analysis on the aspects of changes determinants and resistance to transformations that are permanently integrated into the functioning of each organization, also strongly hierarchical, which is the army.
Retrospective Analysis of Ukrainian Air Transport Activity
Authors: Bugayko Dmytro , Antonova Anna , Shevchenko Olga , Shevchuk Dmytro
Published: May 2022

Ukraine is an aviation state that has a full cycle of development and serial production of aircraft, commercial operation of civil aviation, training and retraining of professionals for the industry. The level of development of air transport determines not only the country's image, but also the sustainable development of its national economy. The article presents a structural analysis of the trends in the development of world aviation transport, as well as the economic development of aviation transport in Ukraine and its infrastructure. The authors pay special attention to the study of the factors of the seasonality of air transportation and their influence on the results of the operational activities of air transport in Ukraine.
The Key Role of the Dimensions of Supply Chain Management on the Success of the Project Completion Process
Authors: Rifai Firas , Yousef Suzan , Yousif Abdelsatar
Published: May 2022

From studies, reports, and information, we can see that the Supply Chain Management System (SCMS) has a major impact on project success. The Supply Chain Management (SCM) plays an important role in achieving potential cross-company success because the SCMS allows us to control the development, design, management and identification of the most effective and efficient inputs, information and other resources required to complete the project. An effective SCMS is of essential importance for the strength of the competition and for the success of the entire organization. Therefore, the competitive advantage in this new environment no longer depends on the company's performance, but also on the entire supply chain partners, including competitors. The main objective of this research is to conduct the relationship between the supply chain management system, project success, project performance, to identify, and to determine the potential impact of SCM on project completion and success. In this study, a random sample was drawn from a population made up exclusively of construction companies, and project departments from other companies in Amman, the capital of Jordan. As a tool for data collection, we chose a questionnaire. Based on this, many statistical analyzes were carried out and the hypotheses of this study were tested. As a result of this test, we found out that in general there is a clear and positive relationship between supply chain management and project completion. The dimensions of supply chain management (knowledge, skills, and tools) have different effects on the project closure process. The knowledge dimension has the strongest effect.
Uncovering the Structure of Heterogeneous Catalysts Using Atomic Pair Distribution Function Analysis
Authors: Zimmerli Nora , Müller Christoph R. , Abdala Paula
Published: May 2022

Heterogeneous catalysts are complex materials, often containing multiple atomic species and phases with various degrees of structural order. The identification of structure – performance relationships that rely on the availability of advanced structural characterization tools, is key for a rational catalyst design. Structural descriptors in catalysts can be defined over different length scales from several Å up to several nanometers (crystalline structure), requiring structural characterization techniques covering these different length scales. Pair distribution function (PDF) analysis is a powerful method to extract structural information spanning from the atomic to the nanoscale under in situ or operando conditions. We discuss recent advances using PDF to provide insight into the atomic-to-nanoscale structure of heterogeneous catalysts.
ELECTRON TRANSFER NETWORKS
Authors: Gray Harry
Published: May 2022

Developed in this article is the electron transfer network, a graph structure whose adjacent nodes are reversibly coupled chemically reactive species whose forward and reverse rate constants are calculated by semiclassical electron transfer theory. These ET networks resemble electric circuits containing branches, series, and parallel connections, and are analyzed in order to understand the hopping advantage (i.e., reduction in electron transport time) gained by including additional electron carriers acting as relays in the path from source (donor) to sink (acceptor). The matrix exponential method as implemented in MATLAB is used to solve the time-dependent charge concentrations of nodes contained in these ET networks, which are modeled as systems of linear first-order differential equations. Electron transfer networks confirm the expected formation of both kinetic (i.e., temporary) and equilibrium (i.e., infinite time) reaction products.
Direct Photochemical Route for Amine- and Catalyst-Free Synthesis of Azoxybenzene and Functional Azoxy Derivatives via Accessible Nitroarene Homocoupling under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Yaghoubian Ali , Hodgson Gregory , Adler Marc , Impellizzeri Stefania
Published: May 2022

We report on a direct photochemical method for the one-pot, catalyst- and additive-free synthesis of azoxybenzene and substituted azoxy derivatives from nitrobenzene building blocks. This reaction is conducted at room temperature and under air, and can be applied to substrates with a wide range of substituents. Yields of products derived from para- and meta-substituted nitrobenzenes are typically good, while sterically encumbered ortho-substituted substrates are not as fruitful. Photochemical Wallach rearrangement of generated azoxybenzenes to ortho-hydroxyazoxybenzenes was observed in some cases, most markedly in selected ortho-halogenated nitrobenzenes. Overall, this method provides an efficient, green pathway to highly value-added azoxybenzene products.
Identification of chitin allomorphs in poorly crystalline samples based on the complexation with ethylenediamine
Authors: Isobe Noriyuki , Kaku Yuto , Okada Satoshi , Kawada Sachiko , Tanaka Keiko , Fujiwara Yoshihiro , Chen Chong
Published: May 2022

Chitin is a key component of hard parts in many organisms, but the biosynthesis of the two distinctive chitin allomorphs, α- and β-chitin, is not well-understood. The accurate determination of chitin allomorphs in natural biomaterials is vital. Many chitin-secreting living organisms, however, produce poorly crystalline chitin which leads to spectrums with only broad lines and imprecise peak positions under conventional analytical methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), resulting in inconclusive identification of chitin allomorphs. Here, we developed a novel method for discerning chitin allomorphs based on their different complexation capacity and guest selectivity, using ethylenediamine (EDA) as a complexing agent. From the peak shift observed in XRD profiles of the chitin/EDA complex, the chitin allomorphs can be clearly discerned. By testing this method on a series of samples with different chitin allomorphs and crystallinity, we show that the sensitivity is sufficiently high to detect the chitin allomorphs even in poorly crystalline samples. This is a powerful tool for determining the chitin allomorphs in phylogenetically important chitin-producing organisms and will pave the way to clarify the evolution and mechanism of chitin biosynthesis.
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Based Label-Free Immunosensors
Authors: Robinson Caoimhe , JUSKA VUSLAT B. , O'Riordan Alan
Published: May 2022

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is a surface sensitive technique which examines the impedance of an electrochemical cell over a range of frequencies. By immobilising an antigen or antibody to the electrode surface, EIS shows potential for highly specific and sensitive immunosensor performance. Following an introduction into antibodies and EIS, this review presents immobilisation techniques for an immunosensor’s bioreceptor. It highlights electrode modifications such as self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), polymers and nanostructures for anchoring the bioreceptor to the surface. Stable immobilisation directly to these modifications is not always possible. Immobilisation techniques to these modified surfaces are explored including cross-linking and controlled orientation. EIS allows for label-free detection by monitoring the change in charge-transfer resistance or capacitance caused by changes in the electrode surface. Label-free immunosensors are the focus of this paper as they show potential for point-of-care (POC) devices.
Fluorescent labeling of an analog showing activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Authors: Williams Jacob , Long Toby , Overton Alexis , Easdon Jerry
Published: May 2022

Mycobacteria tuberculosis is the bacteria responsible for the infectious disease known as Tuberculosis (TB). TB results in over a million deaths annually worldwide with millions more being affected by the disease.1 Research in this area has potential to improve the lives of millions of people and is in line with the World Health Organization’s goal to intensify research and innovation in the treatment and cures for tuberculosis.2 SLU 2345 has demonstrated activity against TB and further re-search is necessary to characterize the binding site and investigate its mode of action on the target. This research is focused on fluorescent labeling of SLU 2345 via click chemistry and other known synthetic methods. Progress on the synthesis of the tagged analogs is currently underway.
Dynamics and biomedical application of novel superparamagnetic helical nanorobots
Authors: Laha Suvra S. , Dasgupta Debayan , V. R. Reshma , Bhat Ramray , Saini Deepak K. , Ghosh Ambarish
Published: May 2022

The magnetic nanorobots, primarily composed of ferromagnetic materials, have been extensively investigated for their potential applications in cellular diagnostics and therapy. However, because of the substantial magnetic remanence exhibited by ferromagnetic materials, the magnetic stability of these nanorobots is a matter of serious concern. Here, we have designed and developed superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles’(SPIONs) functionalized nanorobots (SPIONs-NR), a unique system that is highly stable against magnetic agglomeration. This kind of arrangement of random magnetic moments adhering to the nanorobot’s surface is relatively new and has not been previously explored in terms of fundamental physics and biomedical applications. We have carefully analyzed the various dynamical aspects of these functionalized nanorobots by studying their precession angle as a function of applied frequency at different magnetic fields. Furthermore, these functionalized nanorobots can be controllably maneuvered in the extracellular matrix by the application of rotating magnetic fields of comparatively lower magnitudes (usually < 50 G) to selectively target and annihilate malignant tissues via magnetic hyperthermia-induced localized heating, and therefore, making SPIONs-NR promising candidates in modernizing advanced nanomedicine research.
C9ORF72-derived poly-GA DPRs undergo endocytic uptake in iAstrocytes and spread to motor neurons
Authors: Marchi Paolo M , Marrone Lara , Brasseur Laurent , Coens Audrey , Webster Christopher P , Bousset Luc , Destro Marco , Smith Emma F , Walther Christa G , Alfred Victor , Marroccella Raffaele , Graves Emily J , Robinson Darren , Shaw Allan C , Wan Lai Mei , Grierson Andrew J , Ebbens Stephen J , De Vos Kurt J , Hautbergue Guillaume M , Ferraiuolo Laura , Melki Ronald , Azzouz Mimoun
Published: May 2022

Dipeptide repeat (DPR) proteins are aggregation-prone polypeptides encoded by the pathogenic GGGGCC repeat expansion in the C9ORF72 gene, the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. In this study, we focus on the role of poly-GA DPRs in disease spread. We demonstrate that recombinant poly-GA oligomers can directly convert into solid-like aggregates and form characteristic β-sheet fibrils in vitro. To dissect the process of cell-to-cell DPR transmission, we closely follow the fate of poly-GA DPRs in either their oligomeric or fibrillized form after administration in the cell culture medium. We observe that poly-GA DPRs are taken up via dynamin-dependent and -independent endocytosis, eventually converging at the lysosomal compartment and leading to axonal swellings in neurons. We then use a co-culture system to demonstrate astrocyte-to-motor neuron DPR propagation, showing that astrocytes may internalise and release aberrant peptides in disease pathogenesis. Overall, our results shed light on the mechanisms of poly-GA cellular uptake and propagation, suggesting lysosomal impairment as a possible feature underlying the cellular pathogenicity of these DPR species.
The HDL particle composition determines its antitumor activity in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Oberle Raimund , Kührer Kristina , Österreicher Tamina , Weber Florian , Steinbauer Stefanie , Udonta Florian , Wroblewski Mark , Ben-Batalla Isabel , Hassl Ingrid , Körbelin Jakob , Unseld Matthias , Jauhiainen Matti , Plochberger Birgit , Röhrl Clemens , Hengstschläger Markus , Loges Sonja , Stangl Herbert
Published: May 2022

Despite enormous efforts to improve therapeutic options, pancreatic cancer remains a fatal disease and is expected to become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the next decade. Previous research identified lipid metabolic pathways to be highly enriched in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. Thereby, cholesterol uptake and synthesis promotes growth advantage to and chemotherapy resistance for PDAC tumor cells. Here, we demonstrate that high-density lipoprotein (HDL)–mediated efficient cholesterol removal from cancer cells results in PDAC cell growth reduction and induction of apoptosis in vitro. This effect is driven by an HDL particle composition–dependent interaction with SR-B1 and ABCA1 on cancer cells. AAV-mediated overexpression of APOA1 and rHDL injections decreased PDAC tumor development in vivo. Interestingly, plasma samples from pancreatic-cancer patients displayed a significantly reduced APOA1-to-SAA1 ratio and a reduced cholesterol efflux capacity compared with healthy donors. We conclude that efficient, HDL-mediated cholesterol depletion represents an interesting strategy to interfere with the aggressive growth characteristics of PDAC.
水利压裂在工作面出切眼期间顶板控制中的应用
Authors: 小涛 郝
Published: May 2022

芦岭煤矿为了解决工作面初采期间顶板管理困难问题，芦岭煤矿结合现有技术摒弃传统的放炮工艺。通过施工顶板水力压裂钻孔—人工增加坚硬顶板中裂隙数目，在坚硬顶板中形成复杂水压裂缝网络，破坏其整体性，从而改变坚硬顶板在此支撑点的约束条件和断裂特性，促使采空区悬顶及时垮落，实现了工作面出切眼期间顶板精准控制，确保了安全生产。
重载铁路翻浆冒泥地段病害及整治措施
Authors: 建青 邸
Published: May 2022

朔黄铁路原平分公司属于山区和平原过渡地段铁路，多为高填方的路堤或半路堤地段，小半径曲线和桥梁多，线路坡度大，自然环境和线路条件加大了对线路养护维修工作量。由于受地理环境及整体排水系统等因素影响，路基翻浆冒泥病害突出，导致设备变化频繁、状态不良，检修工作量增加，给设备运行安全带来不利影响。论文在探求路基翻浆冒泥的机理的基础上，对现有病害探测和维修检测的方法进行了分析，并对现有路基基床翻浆冒泥整治技术进行了对比研究。在突出分析路基翻浆冒泥成因的基础上，提出了综合整治翻浆冒泥的有效措施，重点阐述了整治措施，并描述了综合整治后的效果。
关于公路桥梁施工中钻孔灌注桩技术的应用分析
Authors: 辉 陈 , 彦杰 蔡 , 莲 余 , 爽 束
Published: May 2022

在工作的开展过程中，为了给中国交通行业提供更大的帮助，中国公路建造技术也在不断地提升，为进一步加强公路的施工质量奠定了基础。一般情况下，中国使用的是钻孔灌注桩技术运用到施工过程中，使用这种技术可以为公路建设提供更多的帮助，逐步地为中国公路桥梁的建设工作打好基础。
浅谈建筑智能化施工管理现状与相关方法
Authors: 阐 胡
Published: May 2022

建筑智能化是信息化时代下建筑发展的重要趋势，在城市中开展智能化建筑建设，可实现节能环保高效城市建设的建设目标，以实现对城市健康可持续发展的有效保证。基于此，相关建筑工程部门应注重对建筑智能化的管理，制定科学合理的施工管理工作措施，以保障建筑智能化的施工质量，使其能被安全和高效地运用到社会之中，促使城市的智能化发展。
建筑工程中混凝土建筑施工技术应用解析
Authors: 博 李
Published: May 2022

建筑工程是指围绕建筑开展的一系列房屋兴建、设备安装、管道施工等工程活动，混凝土则是建筑工程施工过程中需求最大的重要原料。因此，应当加强对混凝土建筑施工技术的研究，增加建筑结构的安全性与稳定性，有效降低建筑物的质量 风险。
浅谈超高钢管桩支架变形量控制
Authors: 殿 申
Published: May 2022

针对地形复杂的特殊超高现浇桥梁，钢管桩支架体系具有结构形式简单、承载力高、支撑可靠等优点，是高大现浇结构的首选平台。同时，采用钢管桩支架体系在材料使用量、安装效率和工期控制、地形适应性上更适合施工需求。而在超高支架中，其体系单元件的变形量是首要控制目标。
民用建筑设计中建筑防火技术探微
Authors: 李洪 曾
Published: May 2022

随着中国人口数量的不断增加，城市化建设取得迅速发展，很多高层建设项目的出现，虽能够缓解土地资源紧张局面，但在使用过程中，仍存在较多问题，而火灾问题对居民生活产生严重威胁。在高层建筑工程中，一旦遇到火灾，极易引发蔓延，不仅对周边建筑物造成直接威胁，还会对周边居民生命财产安全产生重要影响。因此，在民用建筑设计过程中，重视建筑防火技术。
Sepsis en la Etapa Pediátrica
Authors: Vintimilla González Diana Beatriz , Vicuña Yumbla Andrés Martin , Ruiz Abad Gina María , Palomeque Molina Josué Miguel , González Matute Víctor Andrés
Published: May 2022

La sepsis es la principal causa de muerte entre los niños en todo el mundo y consume grandes cantidades de recursos sanitarios. En la actualidad la sepsis en la etapa pediátrica se puede definir como una disfunción orgánica grave, causada como una respuesta a una infección. Está disfunción orgánica debe ser valorada mediante scores como SOFA adaptado para los pacientes pediátricos. Dado que el diagnóstico de sepsis depende, por tanto, de parámetros clínicos y analíticos, en la práctica se deberá establecer la sospecha clínica de sepsis en todo paciente con fiebre y alteración del triángulo de evaluación pediátrica, especialmente si está alterado el lado circulatorio o el de la apariencia.
Intra-Study Matching Considerations When Using Mixed Methods-Based Research Approaches: A Critical Dialectical Pluralistic Approach
Authors: Onwuegbuzie Anthony J. , Corrigan Julie A.
Published: May 2022

The step of obtaining a sample(s) (i.e., sampling) in mixed methods-based research studies likely represents the least developed step in the research process, with only 21 Scopus-indexed works published on the topic to date. Consequently, the time is rife for mixed methods-based researchers to develop sampling designs that are more TREEful—that is, transparent, rigorous, equitable, and ethical—especially when sampling among/between phases/components. Because, more than the other 13 mixed methods-based research philosophies, critical dialectical pluralism especially is concerned with the welfare of research participants, and because the sampling step is subject to misuse and abuse of participants, the use of a critical dialectical pluralist lens to ensure that mixed methods-based sampling designs are as TREEful as possible has logical appeal. Therefore, in this editorial, we have provided a meta-framework,1 via a critical dialectical pluralism lens, for selecting samples for each of the following four types of relationships among/between phases/components identified by Onwuegbuzie and Collins (2007), namely, identical samples, parallel samples, nested samples, and multilevel samples. This lens has led to the identification of several options for minimizing, or at least reducing, what we refer to as identical sampling bias, parallel sampling bias, nested sampling bias, and multilevel sampling bias such that samples are optimally matched within a single mixed methods-based research study. In the context of mixed methods-based research, matching refers to the process of forming groups to make them as similar as possible with respect to extraneous or confounding factors (e.g., demographic variables [e.g., gender, age]; personality variables [e.g., resilience]; affective variables [e.g., motivation]). In particular, we outline the use of several matching techniques—specifically, exact matching, greedy matching, optimal matching, propensity score matching, subclassification, and magnitude coding—for addressing these different forms of bias. We encourage mixed methods-based researchers to explore using one or more of these matching techniques, whenever appropriate, regardless of their philosophical stance, in order to avoid researcher participants from being misrepresented.
Enfermedades emergentes transmitidas por el mosquito Aedes aegypti entre la población maya de Yucatán: vulnerabilidad, percepción del riesgo y modelos de atención
Authors: Peniche Paola , Cortés Inés
Published: May 2022

Analizando etnográficamente los brotes epidémicos de dos enfermedades vectoriales emergentes (chikungunya y zika) entre la población maya del oriente de Yucatán durante los años 2015 a 2017, indagamos la influencia de dos variables (percepción del riesgo y modelos de atención) en la vulnerabilidad de esta población a dichas enfermedades. Concluimos que la vulnerabilidad fue resultado de que los riesgos percibidos por los mayas, al no ser reconocidos ni atendidos por el sistema de salud, fueron resueltos por ellos mismos a través de los medios a su alcance, principalmente un precario sistema de autoatención.