bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of a six-month strengthening programme on HbA1c, cholesterol and triglycerides in type II diabetics: A pilot study
Authors: Wenzel Helmut , Unger Edgar
Published: May 2023

Aim: To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of resistance training on glycaemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes, the additional risk factors including low physical activity, measured by HbA1c, body weight, cholesterol and triglycerides.
Methods: We conducted a pilot study as a pre-and-post study with no control group. Participants had to meet the following inclusion criteria: type 2 diabetic person, 45-75 years old, duration of diabetes <10 years, no experience with resistance training within the last ten years, willingness to attend regularly the training sessions (two training units per week, with 45 mi­nutes of duration each). Furthermore, a certificate from the treating physician (diabetologist) was requested, testifying that there were no medical reasons against participation. Patients with severe accompanying diseases, high blood pressure, heart failure (NYHA III), or retinopathy were excluded. Eighteen persons (10 men, 8 women), aged 46-71 years could be included. Due to dropouts, the pre-post-evaluation was based on 13 individuals only. Mean age of this group (6 men, 7 women) was 63.6±5.5 years. Mean body mass index at the beginning was 29.8±4.9. Mean HbA1c was 7.5%±0.6%; the triglycerides were in the range between 134 mg/dl and 335 mg/dl with an average value of 195.8±50.9 mg/dl. Cholesterol level was between 149 mg/dl and 262 mg/dl, which corresponded to an average of 206.6±34.8 mg/dl. The training took place in a fitness centre under the supervision of a certified sports scientist between April 2010 and October 2010 for 28 weeks.  During the training period, the patients were asked to report whether they changed their level of general physical activity during this period, as a potential confounder. Possible treatment adaptations had to be recorded.
Results: At the end of the study, the average HbA1c dropped from 7.5%±0.6% to 7.1%±0.8%.  Mean cholesterol level dropped from 206.6±34.8 mg/dl to 191.3± 30.85 mg/dl. Mean triglycerides were lowered from 195.8±50.9 mg/dl to 144±30 mg/dl. These changes were all statistically significant (P<0.05). The dose-response curve was not significant, probably due to the small number of participants.
Conclusions: There is now suggestive evidence supporting the use of resistance training for improving glycaemic control and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. However, this has not been perceived clearly enough to date. It is also not in the focus of economic evaluations of diabetes preventing strategies. Activating diabetic patients to perform resistance training is an effective and efficient way to reduce the burden of diabetes and, even more, to prevent this disease.
Ten years onwards: Comparison of the South Eastern European regional public health strategy 2004 and the South Eastern European 2020 strategy
Authors: Wiskow Christiane , Ruseva Maria , Laaser Ulrich
Published: May 2023

Aim: Regional collaboration has continuously contributed to the development of public health in the South Eastern Europe (SEE) region since 2000 when the Public Health Collaboration in SEE (PH-SEE) was initiated. This article looks into two frameworks for regional collaboration in the area of public health: a framework developed in 2004 by a network of public health professionals and academics, and another one developed by the SEE Health Network as integral part of the SEE 2020 strategy on Jobs and Prosperity in a European Perspective, adopted in 2013. It compares the commonalities and differences of the two frameworks; considers what is still valid and relevant after ten years and which new features have emerged in the new strategy.
Methods: A literature review was carried out and a qualitative analysis was applied for the comparison of the two frameworks.
Results: Notwithstanding the time gap of nearly ten years, the commonalities between the two regional health strategies are significant. Major consistent goals include: improving equity in health; strengthening human resources for health; improving intersectoral cooperation and governance. The differences between the two regional strategies, including issues around social participation and regional health information systems, are partially due to their different development context. Cross-border policies and quality management have emerged as new or more pronounced topics in the SEE 2020 strategy’s health dimension.
Conclusions: Many aspects addressed in the 2004 framework are pertinent with regard to the SEE 2020 health dimension and remain relevant in the current context. The integration of health as part of the economic SEE 2020 strategy reflects a significant paradigm shift and important step forward for public health
Governance and management of health care institutions in Serbia: An overview of recent developments
Authors: Bjegovic-Mikanovic Vesna
Published: May 2023

In order to promote awareness of factors that affect social services, their quality, effectiveness and coverage, the term “governance” is frequently used. However, there is no agreement on definitions, frameworks and how it relates to the health sector.
In this overview, two interrelated processes in Serbia will be analyzed: governance and management at the macro-, meso-, and micro level.
Key messages are as follows: i) Continue decentralization and support to an effective national decision-making body (Health Council of Serbia) with all relevant stakeholders; ii) Reduce the well-known implementation gap and agree on a binding time frame for reforms, and; iii) Establish obligatory schemes for education and training of managers and support sustainability of state institutional capacity to teach, train and advise on a scientific basis.
First half century of the Association of Schools of Public Health in the European Region
Authors: Levett Jeffrey
Published: May 2023

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Performance of the public health care sector in the Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Mitevska Lolita , Stanculescu Manuela Sofia , Stikova Elisaveta
Published: May 2023

Aim: Healthcare authorities constantly search for new approaches of assessing the performance of the health sector. Comparative studies help for improvements in healthcare by learning from each-other. Our aim was to assess the performance of the public healthcare system in the Republic of Macedonia, through the analysis of preparedness of institutions to fulfill the population’s healthcare needs and expectations.
Methods: This study had a regional character. The national research team interviewed 175 randomly selected participants from Macedonia. The research was performed in the period March 2012 – March 2013. For the research purposes there were used especially designed questionnaires for cancer, stroke, myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus and injuries. For assessment of the performances, the appropriate techniques were developed.
Results: Macedonians consider public healthcare system as being medium-good in all aspects: accessibility, availability, quality of health care services and population’s confidence. The knowledgeable observers (N=125) believe that state-of-the-art treatment exist all over the country (“yes”: 33.6% and “rather yes”: 44.8%). They believe that the services are accessible to everybody, free of major charges (“yes”: 31.2% and “rather yes”: 45.6%). The individual witnesses (N=50) argued toward lack of pharmacies and proper medicines in rural areas, with a gap between the availability and quality of services in rural vs. urban areas.
Conclusion: The future goals for Macedonia include better public healthcare financing, cost definition of health packages, improved disease prevention and effective human resources.
Trends and demographic characteristics of hemorrhagic stroke in Albania during the period 2004-2015
Authors: Gjorgji Petrit , Kruja Jera
Published: May 2023

Aim: Our aim was to describe the trend over time and the demographic distribution of hemorrhagic stroke in Albania in the past decade.
Methods: This study included all patients diagnosed with hemorrhagic stroke and admitted during the period 2004-2015 at the University Hospital Center “Mother Teresa” in Tirana (988 cases overall; 34% women; overall mean age: 57.8±19.3 years). Information about selected demographic characteristics was also collected for all study participants.  
Results: The proportion of older patients (≥70 years) was slightly, but not significantly, higher in women than in men (32% vs. 27%, respectively; P=0.163). Furthermore, the proportion of Tirana residents was similar in both sexes (47% in men vs. 45% in women). Overall, there was evidence of a significant linear trend over time (Mann-Kendall test: P<0.01), indicating a gradual increase in the number of hemorrhagic stroke cases in Albania for the period 2004-2015.
Conclusion: This study provides useful information about the increasing trend of hemorrhagic stroke in Albania, a transitional country in Southeastern Europe which is characterized by rapid changes including unhealthy dietary habits.
Correlates of rheumatoid arthritis among women in Albania
Authors: Kollcaku Julia , Kollcaku Artur
Published: May 2023

Aim: Our aim was to assess the association of rheumatoid arthritis with socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle factors among women in transitional Albania.     
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2012-2013 including a sample of 2198 women aged 30 years and above who attended the Rheumatology services at primary health care clinics in Tirana municipality (mean age: 60.2±9.7 years; overall response rate: 95%). The diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis was based on the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) 2010 criteria. In addition, a structured questionnaire was administered to all study participants including information on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and behavioral factors. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association of rheumatoid arthritis with covariates.
Results: Overall, 437 (19.9%) women were diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (both incident and prevalent cases). In multivariable-adjusted models, rheumatoid arthritis was positively and significantly related to older age (OR=1.8, 95%CI=1.3-2.6), a lower educational attainment (OR=1.4, 95%CI=1.1-1.9), smoking (OR=1.5, 95%CI=1.1-2.0), alcohol intake (OR=1.9, 95%CI=1.2-3.1) and overweight and obesity (OR=1.5, 95%CI=1.2-2.0 and OR=1.6, 95%CI=1.2-2.0, respectively).   
Conclusion: This study provides useful evidence about selected correlates of rheumatoid arthritis among women attending specialized primary health care services in Albania. Health professionals and policymakers in Albania should be aware of the magnitude and consequences of this chronic condition in the adult population.
European and North American Schools of Public Health – Establishment, growth, differences and similarities
Authors: Bozikov Jadranka
Published: May 2023

Unlike European Schools of Public Health, whose development was primarily influenced by the medical profession and was linked to the healthcare system, North American Schools of Public Health operate as independent academic institutions engaged in research and education of Public Health specialists.
While Public Health has been recognised as a distinctive profession in USA and Canada for almost a century, in many European countries it is not recognized as such and, accordingly, there are no well-defined job positions for graduates.
Similarities and differences between the European and American Schools of Public Health are reviewed and the importance of classification of core competences, responsibilities and scope of knowledge required for Public Health practice was pointed out as a prerequisite for accreditation of study curricula. For the professionalization of Public Health in Europe further efforts are needed.
Launch of the ‘One Health Global Think-Tank for Sustainable Health & Well-being’ – 2030 (GHW-2030)
Authors: Laaser Ulrich , Lueddeke Dr George , Nurse Dr Joanna
Published: May 2023

The central mission of the GHW-2030 multi-sectoral think tank is to contribute to the implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by working toward achieving the education and health goals in cooperation with the Commonwealth Secretariat using an international interdisciplinary/multidisciplinary/transdisciplinary global One Health approach. A major focus of the think tank will be on the health and well-being – physical, emotional, aspirational – of children and young people particularly as these relate to their personal security, physical and emotional well-being, education and employment and the sustainability of life on the planet.
Trajectories of life satisfaction during one-year period among university students: Relations with measures of achievement strategies and perception of criteria for adulthood
Authors: Piumatti Giovanni
Published: May 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine how university students’ achievement strategies in an academic context and perceptions of criteria for adulthood relate to life satisfaction trajectories across one year.
Methods: A convenience sample of 143 young adults 18-28 years (mean age: 20.9±2.7 years; 109 females and 34 males) attending the University of Turin in northwest Italy completed questionnaires at three points with a six-month interval between each measurement. Latent Growth Curve Modelling and Latent Class Growth Analysis were used to assess longitudinal changes in life satisfaction and the related heterogeneity within the current sample.
Results: Three trajectories of life satisfaction emerged: high stable (37%), moderate decreasing (57%), and low stable (6%). At every time point high success expectations were related to a high stable life satisfaction trajectory. In turn, those adopting achievement avoidance strategies were more likely to have low-stable or moderately decreasing life satisfaction trajectories. The perception of the criteria deemed important to be defined as adults did not change across time points or across life satisfaction trajectories’ groups.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that self-reported measures of achievement strategies among university students relate longitudinally to life satisfaction levels. Positive and optimistic dimensions of personal striving may be protective factors against the risk of decrease of life satisfaction among university students.
The Impact of Blockchain Technology on Integrated Green Supply Chain Management in China: A Conceptual Study
Authors: Wei Guo
Published: May 2023

Blockchain technology has gained significant attention for its potential to transform various industries, including supply chain management. In the context of integrated green supply chain management in China, this conceptual study explores the implications and potential benefits of blockchain technology. The study focuses on key aspects such as traceability and transparency, carbon footprint reduction and emissions tracking, smart contracts and automated compliance, and stakeholder collaboration and trust-building. Additionally, the study discusses the challenges and barriers to the implementation of blockchain in green supply chains, including technological challenges, legal and regulatory considerations, and adoption barriers. Future research directions, including empirical studies, comparative analysis, and policy implications, are also highlighted. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the potential impact of blockchain technology on integrated green supply chain management in China.
Mosquito Diversity In Livestock Cages
Authors: Herry Hermansyah  , Erwin Edyansyah  , Refai  , Fandianta  , Karneli
Published: May 2023

Diseases transmitted by mosquitoes are still a health problem in Indonesia, including in Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra Province. Among the various types of mosquitoes that are vectors of the disease, some prefer animal blood. Research on the diversity of mosquitoes has been carried out in the village of Gasing. The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of the distribution of mosquito diversity in cattle pens and goat pens. The study was conducted with free collection, namely catching mosquitoes that perch in the cage and outside the catching cage starting from 18.00 to 24.00 WIB. Distribution of the diversity of mosquitoes around the cattle pens in six locations obtained 3 genera and 8 species of mosquitoes from a total of 745 mosquitoes caught. Culex gellidus was the most common mosquito found 291 individuals (39.06%). Meanwhile, there were only 10 Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (1.34%) followed by Mansonia Indiana with 11 (1.47%). Based on the time of catching, it was found at 19.01-20.00 WIB as many as 180 fish (24.16%) which began to increase starting at 18.00 WIB. There are fewer cages in a wet environment than in a dry environment. Suggestions for starting a fire around the cage need to be continued and try to keep the cage dry.
The Effect of Yoga Asanas on Dysmenorrhea Pain
Authors: Prahardian Putri  , Ratna Ningsih  , Rehana  , Atika Suri
Published: May 2023

Background: Dysmenorrhea is pain, often very severe pain, felt in the lower abdomen during menstruation. Menstrual pain often lasts till the conclusion of the menstrual cycle and can be disruptive to daily activities. There are both pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological ways to treat dysmenorrhea pain. Yoga asanas are one non-pharmacological method of pain management. This study sought to ascertain how yoga asanas affected the pain associated with dysmenorrhea. This study used an incidental sampling technique along with a one-group pre-and post-test design and a quasi-experimental sampling strategy. The population of this study consisted of all dysmenorrheic grade 11 pupils. This study was conducted using a quasi-experimental methodology using a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The study's sample size was 19 samples, including 8 samples from the control group and 11 samples from the intervention group, as determined by the Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon t-Independent Sample tests. It can be concluded that yoga asanas do not affect dysmenorrhea in 11th-grade students based on the findings of this study, which revealed no difference in dysmenorrhea pain between the p values for the intervention and control groups of (0.373) and (0.915), as well as no difference between the two groups pre- and post-test dysmenorrhea pain with p values of (0.102) and (0.317).
Insecure In Adolescent : Study Literature
Authors: Shobur Sherly
Published: May 2023

Background: Adolescents are a vulnerable group who often experience feelings of insecurity or insecurity. Insecurity can have a negative impact on the psychological and social well-being of adolescents, such as decreasing the quality of interpersonal relationships, decreasing academic performance, and the emergence of mental health problems such as depression and anxiety. Therefore, it is important to understand what factors influence the level of insecurity in adolescents and strategies that can help them overcome this insecurity. Objective: The aim of this literature study is to identify factors that influence the level of insecurity in adolescents and strategies that can help them overcome this insecurity. Method: The method used in this literature study is literature search from various sources, such as academic journals, books, and online articles. A literature search was carried out using keywords related to insecurity and youth. Results: This literature study is expected to provide a better understanding of what factors influence the level of insecurity in adolescents and strategies that can help them overcome this insecurity. The results of this literature study are also expected to provide suggestions for parents, teachers, and mental health professionals in helping adolescents overcome insecurity and improve their psychological and social well-being.
Örgütsel Çatışmanın Sebepleri ve Çatışma Yönetim Stillerinin Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi Yöntemiyle Değerlendirilmesi: Bankacılık Sektöründe Bir Uygulama
Authors: HANCIOĞLU BAŞKÖY Yasemin , ŞİMŞEK Mustafa Onur
Published: May 2023

Günümüzde faaliyet gösteren birçok işletme işgören maliyetlerini en az düzeye indirip, verimliliği en üst düzeye çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda örgütlerde yaşanan çatışmalar, işletmelerin istemediği bir durum olmasının yanında işletmelerde verimliliğin düşmesine neden olan en büyük etkenlerden de bir tanesi olarak görülmektedir. Verimliliğin düşmesini ve akabinde yaşanacak olumsuz durumları yaşamak istemeyen işletmeler, çatışma yönetim stillerini kullanarak örgütte yaşanan çatışmalara çözüm bulmaya çalışmalıdırlar. Çalışmanın amacı, bankacılık sektöründe çalışan üst düzey yöneticilere göre örgütsel çatışmanın sebeplerinin ve çatışma yönetim stillerinin karşılaştırmalı önem düzeylerinin belirlenmesidir. Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi yöntemi sonuçlarına göre, bankacılık sektöründe çatışmaya sebep olan en önemli faktör iletişim noksanlıklarıdır. Diğer faktörler ise sırasıyla; amaç, çıkar ve değer farklılıkları, algılama farklılıkları, örgüt içi güç mücadelesi, kişilik farklılıkları, statü farklılıkları, örgütsel görev ve sorumluluklarda karışıklıklar, kaynakların tahsisinin etkin şekilde gerçekleştirilememesi ve denetim biçimidir. Bankacılık sektöründeki çatışma yönetim stillerinden en çok tercih edilen faktör çatışmanın kaynağının ortadan kaldırılmasıdır. Diğer faktörler ise sırasıyla; problem çözme yaklaşımı, güç kullanma, çatışmaya taraf olan kişileri değiştirme, oylama yöntemi, şikâyet prosedürleri, ortak katılımcı yönetişim, yumuşatma ve meşgul etme yöntemidir. Bu faktörlerin önem düzeylerinin belirlenmesi, bankacılık sektöründe yaşanabilecek çatışma türleri ve yönetim stilleri açısından üst düzey yöneticilere bir bakış açısı kazandırabilecektir.
Hábitos de proteção solar de pacientes atendidos em uma unidade de saúde na Região Sul do Brasil
Authors: Faccenda Pedro Henrique , Freitas Cristiane da Silva , Marcon Carline Letícia Volpato
Published: May 2023

Introdução: O câncer de pele é o câncer mais prevalente no Brasil, principalmente na Região Sul. Apesar da alta prevalência, é uma comorbidade potencialmente prevenível com medidas de fotoproteção. Objetivo: Analisar os hábitos de proteção solar em pacientes no âmbito da atenção primária. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa e fins analítico-descritivos, com uma amostra de 374 pacientes acima de 18 anos selecionados de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde na Região Sul do Brasil. Como instrumentos, foram utilizados o questionário Sun Exposure Protection Index e um questionário sociodemográfico formulado para este estudo. Resultados: Verificou-se que grande parcela dos entrevistados está em alto risco com relação à exposição solar. Praticamente metade não utiliza protetor solar e a maioria não adota métodos de barreira física para se proteger do sol. O risco decorrente da exposição ao sol foi maior em homens (p=0,007), em pessoas com tonalidade de pele mais escura (p=0,033) e em indivíduos com menor escolaridade (p=0,037). A propensão a melhorar os hábitos de fotoproteção foi menor em pessoas com pele de tonalidade mais escura (p=0,010) e em indivíduos com menor escolaridade (p=0,019). De forma geral, verificou-se que, quanto maior é o risco do indivíduo, pior é a propensão a diminuí-lo com medidas de fotoproteção (p<0,001). Conclusões: Grande parcela dos entrevistados está em alto risco com relação à exposição solar. Cabe aos profissionais de saúde promover a conscientização sobre os riscos da exposição inadvertida ao sol e orientar sobre condutas saudáveis em fotoproteção.
Comparison of indirect treatment methods in migraine prevention to address differences in mode of administration
Authors: Fawsitt Christopher G , Thom Howard , Regnier Stephane A , Lee Xin Ying , Kymes Steven , Vase Lene
Published: May 2023

Aim:
Indirect treatment comparisons (ITCs) are anchored on a placebo comparator, and the placebo response may vary according to drug administration route. Migraine preventive treatment studies were used to evaluate ITCs and determine whether mode of administration influences placebo response and the overall study findings.
Materials & methods:
Change from baseline in monthly migraine days produced by monoclonal antibody treatments (subcutaneous, intravenous) was compared using fixed-effects Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA), network meta-regression (NMR), and unanchored simulated treatment comparison (STC).
Results:
NMA and NMR provide mixed, rarely differentiated results between treatments, whereas unanchored STC strongly favors eptinezumab over other preventive treatments.
Conclusion:
Further investigations are needed to determine which ITC best reflects the impact of mode of administration on placebo.
Nachrichtendienstforschung: Einleitung zum Forum
Authors: Hoffmann Sophia
Published: May 2023

Die Nachrichtendienstforschung in Deutschland gewinnt an Dynamik, unter maßgeblicher Beteiligung von IB Wissenschaftler*innen. Zu dieser Entwicklung möchte das vorliegende Forum beitragen. Die wissenschaftliche Literatur zu Nachrichtendiensten spielt sich vor allem in zwei eng verwandten Sub-Disziplinen ab: der historischen ‚Intelligence History‘ und den zeitgenössischen ‚Intelligence Studies‘. Gleichzeitig lässt sich seit wenigen Jahren die Entstehung einer neuen Denkschule beobachten, die sich auf der Basis methodologischer Innovation grundlegenden Fragen zur Funktionsweise von Nachrichtendiensten und ihrer Beziehung zu Staatlichkeit widmet. Das vorliegende Forum knüpft an diese jüngsten Dynamiken an und vertieft ausgewählte Forschungsstränge der jüngeren Intelligence Studies. Insgesamt verfolgt das Forum über diese Vorgehensweise drei Ziele: erstens möchten wir die deutschsprachige IB Gemeinschaft auf die aktuellen und wichtigen Dynamiken in der Nachrichtendienstforschung, die derzeit insbesondere auch in Deutschland zu beobachten sind, aufmerksam machen. Zweitens soll das Forum die Nachrichtendienstforschung als einen wichtigen Aspekt der IB verankern und weitere Forschung in diesem Bereich ermuntern. Drittens greift das Forum die theoretischen und methodologischen Neuerungen, die sich derzeit innerhalb der internationalen Nachrichtendienstforschung abzeichnen, auf und trägt zu dieser Debatte bei.
Investigations on Rare Earth Elements in Sediments from South Vellar Estuary along Bay of Bengal and Palk Strait, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Mookkan Velmurugan Puliyakurichi , Vijayaprabhakaran Krishnan , Thangappan Devika Periyathambi , Suhail Meer Mohammad
Published: May 2023

The rare earth elements (REEs) in the sediments of the South Vellar estuary on the eastern coast of India were measured using thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS). Lanthanides (La-Lu) and a number of other elements (Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb, Ag, Co, Cd, and V) were studied in bed sediment samples. The estuary’s total REE content (REE) ranges from 73.30 to 360.50 g/g. Continental weathering has a substantial impact on the distribution of REEs. Using factor analysis on the elemental data, two important groups of elements were identified: (a) LREEs, HREEs, Pb, Ag, and Cd, revealing an association with river detritals; and (b) Co, Ni, Zn, Cr, and V, indicating complex estuary processes. Because of the silicate weathering of crustal materials and the resultant increase in LREEs in detritals, LREEs are more enriched than HREEs. We get to the conclusion that 30% of HREE flux and 70% of LREE flux to the Bay of Bengal are provided by the estuarine system.
The Investigation of the Antibacterial Activity of Eryngium caucasicum trautv, Saponaria officinalis, Froriepia subpinnata, Malva sylvestris, and Urtica dioica
Authors: Fazeli-Nasab Bahman , Malayeri Fardin Ali , Rouhani Reza , Saeidi Saeide
Published: May 2023

Background: Regarding the increasing resistance of bacteria against antibiotics and the existence of antibacterial compounds in plants, we here investigated the antimicrobial effects of the methanolic extracts of several plants on pathogenic bacteria. Methods: Ten grams of the dry ingredients of Eryngium caucasicum trautv (leaf), Saponaria officinalis (flower), Froriepia subpinnata (leaf), Malva sylvestris (leaf), and Urtica dioica (leaf) was poured in 100 mL of methanol and shaken for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the extracts were strained and dried in the oven, and their antimicrobial activity at the 100 mg/mL concentration was evaluated against the mentioned bacteria using the sinkhole method. Results: The plant extracts inhibited the growth of all bacteria in various degrees. Among all the plant extracts used, that of F. subpinnata delivered the largest diameter of growth inhibition zone (6 mm) against S. dysenteriae, and the extracts of E. caucasicum and F. subpinnata showed the largest diameter of inhibition zone against Xanthomonas translucens. Also, the extract of M. sylvestris delivered the largest inhibition zone diameter (8 mm) against E. coli. Conclusions: Our results showed that the methanolic extract of E. caucasicum was the most effective plant extract against S. dysenteriae, Rathayibacter tritici, and L. monocytogenes, but M. sylvestris extract revealed the greatest impact on E. coli. It is recommended to further investigate the antibacterial compounds of these plants as potential treatments for bacterial infections.
Amphotericin B Pharmacokinetics: Inter-strain Differences in Rats Following Intravenous Administration of the Most Commonly Marketed Formulations of the Drug
Authors: Abdollahizad Erfan , Dadashzadeh Simin , Bahri Shima , Abbasian Zahra , Rezaee Elham
Published: May 2023

Background: Amphotericin B (AmB) is the first-line drug to treat invasive fungal infections. However, its delivery to the body and clinical use faces many challenges because of its poor solubility, poor pharmacokinetics, and severe nephrotoxicity. Objectives: Due to the necessity for designing safer and more effective nanocarriers for AmB and the importance of preclinical pharmacokinetic studies in evaluating these novel drug delivery systems, the present study was framed to explore the influence of rat strain on the pharmacokinetic profile of this drug. Methods: Twenty-four Wistar and Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were intravenously injected with 1 mg/kg AmB as Fungizone or AmBisome, which are the two most commonly marketed formulations of the drug. Blood samples were collected before and at regular intervals up to 24 h after administration. Drug concentration was analyzed by a validated HPLC method, and pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by the non-compartmental method. Results: Irrespective of the type of formulation, the AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ values were significantly higher (P < 0.001), and Cl as an important PK parameter was markedly lower (P < 0.001) in SD rats compared to the Wistar strain. For Fungizone, the mean Cl values in SD and Wistar rats were 206.90 and 462.95 mL/h/kg (P < 0.001), respectively. The apparent volume of distribution (Vss) was also lower in SD rats compared to Wistar; however, for AmBisome, the difference in Vss was not statistically significant. Our further investigation suggested that the higher amount of total protein in the SD strain may justify the higher plasma concentrations and lower Cl and Vss of amphotericin B in this strain compared to the Wistar strain. Conclusions: Overall, following intravenous administration of AmB, there were significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters of the drug between two rat strains for both formulations. The obtained data is important for correctly interpreting experimental data from different research groups.
Effect of Reference Reflector Orientation for Ultrasonic Inspection of Piping Welds
Authors:   Holloway NDT & Engineering Inc., Holloway Paul ,   University of Waterloo, Ginzel Edward
Published: May 2023

In this paper, the sensitivity responses from both axial and circumferential notches on piping calibration blocks are compared and their uses discussed when performing ultrasonic inspection of piping welds.
Contribución de la ganadería mexicana a la seguridad alimentaria nacional, a tres sexenios del TLCAN
Authors: Amaya Padilla Jesús Alfredo , Salas González José María
Published: May 2023

En las últimas décadas la Seguridad Alimentaria (SA) se ha convertido en un tema de interés mundial, siendo la escasez de alimentos y las dietas deficitarias en los hogares, un grave problema confrontado por la humanidad. Se tuvo como objetivo, analizar el papel de la ganadería en la SA de México, periodo 1994-2012, con el fin de evaluar y contrastar, la producción pecuaria y la disponibilidad de alimentos para la población nacional. Se efectuó un análisis descriptivo y comparativo de tipo multidimensional con estadísticas de fuentes oficiales, encontrándose un aumento significativo en el volumen de producción pecuaria, un alza significativa de precios y una balanza comercial sostenidamente deficitaria. Por tanto, la ganadería muestra un aporte significativo en la SA mexicana, suministrando con producción nacional los requerimientos nutricionales establecidos por el Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social (CONEVAL) para una dieta balanceada y sana.
Manual para la aplicación de la norma IATF 16949-2016 en departamentos de producción y mantenimiento
Authors: Franco Baltazar Angel Adad , Becerra Rodríguez María Blanca , Hernández Hernández Arturo , López Navarro Isabel Ernestina , Zea Pérez José Marcos
Published: May 2023

El propósito de este manual fue implementar la norma IATF16949-2016, en los departamentos de producción y mantenimiento en una empresa de botas de hule, con el fin de realizar una mejora continua y sistemática en la calidad   del área de producción y de mantenimiento, además de aumentar la eficiencia en el proceso productivo; disminuyendo los desperdicios y defectos. Para llevar a cabo esto, se requiere la constante capacitación de las herramientas de CORE TOOLS, cuyo propósito es exigir la mayor calidad dentro del proceso para evitar rechazos por parte de los clientes. Algunos resultados obtenidos en las áreas de producción y mantenimiento fueron la diversidad de artículos como cámaras de llantas y tapetes para automóviles, en el área de mantenimiento se logró mantener los equipos en óptimas condiciones de funcionamiento. Como conclusión con este manual de la norma IATF 16949-2016 la empresa consiguió ingresar al sector del mercado automotriz
ACTIVITY OF TRIPANOSOMAL ANTIGEN IN VARIOUS SEROLOGICAL REACTIONS
Authors: Ilgekbayeva G. D. , Usenova T. A. , Kudaibergenova K. N.
Published: May 2023

dourine is diagnosed using serological tests such as the classical complement fixation test (CFT), the horse complement fixation test (HCFT). We have recently developed a long-term variant of HCFT - horse complement long fixation (HCLFT). The main component that directly affects the sensitivity of the above tests is the trypanosomal antigen. From the correct definition of the working titer of the latter depends on the clarity of setting and the course of reactions. The aim of our work was to determine the working titer of the trypanosomal antigen in CFT, HCFT and HCLFT. The working antigen titer for each serological reaction remains stable after its determination. This indicator was determined by the checkerboard method of titration of the antigen and positive serum. We have established the working titer of the antigen in the antigenic unit (AU). At the same time, we took 1,5 AU for the working titer of the trypanosome antigen. It was 1:20 in CFT, 1:100 in HCFT and 1:150 in HCLFT. It is these dilutions of the antigen that we will use when setting up the above tests.
Conceptualising Transnationalism Through Life Histories
Authors: Báthory Dalia , Bosomitu Ștefan ,   Zeta Books
Published: May 2023

The term transnationalism has developed into a concept with a broad meaning, defining anything having to do with transgressing the national boundaries. There are limits to it: it has more to do with non-statal actors, it relates to trans-border cultural, political and economic spaces, and it follows identity-defining experiences of individuals who have lived a complex, international life. The current issue of History of Communism in Europe is entitled Transnational Biographies. Destinies at the Crossroads before and after the Cold War and deals especially with the latter situation. The volume comprises a rich diversity of articles that explore adventurous biographies, enriching the studies of transnationalism.
PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN FOSFAT DAN KALIUM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL GABAH PADI HITAM DI SAWAH TADAH HUJAN
Authors: Kurnia Nyemas Heny , Wasian Wasian , Sasli Iwan
Published: May 2023

Black rice (Oriza sativa.L) is one of the local varieties that has a high anthocyanin content within the pericarp layer of the seed, which contains nutritions that are important to health. Local black rice seed frequently  empty with grain, caused by ineffective manure, especially potassium and phosphate. Utilization of rainfed areas for black rice cultivation can be done with balanced fertilization. This study aims to determine the effect of phosphate and potassium fertilization on the growth and production of black rice grain in rainfed areas. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) model with two factors, i.e KCl fertilizer factor consisting of four levels namely k0 without treatment, k1 = 20 g / plot, k2 = 40 g / plot, k3 = 60g / plot and the second factor was phosphate consisting of the four levels, i.e p0 without treatment, p1 = 20 g / plot, p2 = 40 g / plot, p3 = 60g / plot. Each treatment was repeated three times so that there were 48 experimental plot units. The results showed that there was an interaction between the treatments on the weight of 1000 grains while the application of potassium fertilizer significantly affected the number of productive tillers, harvested unhusked rice, milled unhusked rice and the weight of 1000 grains. The application of phosphate fertilizer only significantly affected the number of productive tillers with recommended doses 40g / plot because it gives a higher yield compared to the others in the number of 17.95 productive tillers
Keywords: Black Rice, Potassium, Phosphate.
Financial Literacy in the Millenial Workforce Padang
Authors: Putri Annisa Nabila , Friyatmi Friyatmi
Published: May 2023

Financial management behavior millenial workforce Kota Padang is still relatively low. The lack of ability to set aside some of his income for savings and also the low ability to make budgets and expenditures are the causes. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of Financial Literacy on the Financial Management Behavior of millennial workforce Padang. Type of quantitative research with causative research design. Primary data was obtained through the distribution of online questionnaires using google form to research samples. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling techniques and with the slovin formula  gets a sample of 100 respondents. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with the help of the SPSS 26 program. The results revealed that  Financial Literacy has a positive and significant effect on the Financial Management Behavior of  millennial workforce Padang. If someone has a high level of financial literacy,  Financial Management Behavior will also be high.
Analisis Kebutuhan Pembelajaran Tematik di SDN Kalideres 06 Pagi
Authors: Magdalena Ina , Sartika Devi , Humaerah Humaerah , Agusta Farhan Ardhya
Published: May 2023

Needs Analysis is a method used to identify the needs needed by students so that educators are able to meet these needs. Through the right steps, problems that cover the thematic learning will be resolved. This study aims to determine the needs of educators and students, especially elementary schools in thematic learning. This is a survey research using descriptive methods to collect data. The results showed that students' needs related to learning methods and media were very much needed, if a teacher did not pay attention to the needs of students in learning, students would feel bored and have no clear learning goals, so that teaching and learning activities were not optimal. With this research, it is hoped that teachers will be able to analyze learning needs before teaching and learning activities are held, this is to minimize the occurrence of problems in learning elementary schools.
Implementasi Metode Pembelajaran Demonstrasi Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa Kelas VI Materi Tata Surya di MI NU Tamrinus Shibyan Pladen
Authors: Nuryana Salma , Syifa Layyinatus , Farah Aliyya Ishlah , Hanik Elya Umi
Published: May 2023

This study aims to improve learning outcomes in class VI MI NU Tamrinush Shibyan Pladen by applying the demonstration method in science learning about the solar system material. The research is Classroom Action Research, which is carried out in one cycle through the stages of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The subject of the study was a class VI MI NU Tamrinush Shibyan Pladen student. Data collection techniques consisted of interviews, observations, assessment rubrics, evaluation tests, and documentation. The test data were analyzed using the average grade and the percentage of student learning completeness. The results achieved in this study are in the first cycle the learning has been going well with the acquisition of an average grade of 83.3 with student learning completeness of 100%. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the application of the demonstration method to the science subjects of the solar system material could improve learning outcomes in class VI MI NU Tamrinush Shibyan Pladen.
Manajemen Pengembangan Kurikulum Jurusan Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) di Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Tarbiyah Palapa Nusantara Lombok Timur
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah
Published: May 2023

Study this aim for know and analyze management development curriculum Major PAI in College of Science Tarbiyah Palapa Nusantara (STITPN) East Lombok, namely ; Study this use approach qualitative with method studies case . As for the procedure data collection is done with observation , interview and study documentation . And for data analysis performed with using an interactive model . .Results study show that ; First , planning curriculum arranged with use approach consolidation and solution problem with take into account internal and external factors , future developments as well as factor not always sure _ attached to every change . Second , organizing curriculum arranged based on decision Minister of National Education No. 232 of 2000 which consists of from : Subject Development Personality (MPK), subjects expertise and knowledge (MKK), subjects Skill Works (MKB), Subjects Behavior Works (MPB), and Subjects alive Community (MBB). Third , implementation is factor most important from development curriculum , for that arranged a number of stages and steps strategic for success implementation in the field , including : (1) program socialization ; (2) compose teaching team ,; (3) develop atmosphere academic ; (4) development of learning strategies and models ; (5) development study quality ; (6) monitoring system , evaluation curriculum conducted by continuous and comprehensive start from content , input , process, and product (CIPP) . as for stages evaluation covers formative , summative and workshop
Hukum Tata Negara tentang Pemerintah dan Otonomi Daerah
Authors: Fitriani Hellen Last , Nurhadi Nurhadi
Published: May 2023

State Philosophy Officially explaining the 1945 Constitution, in general, regarding the main idea in the preamble of the 1945 Constitution, it is said that "a state that has sovereignty over the people based on democracy and deliberation of representatives". So the state will not run well without regional or autonomous administrators. Therefore, it is necessary to know what local government is, the principles, the relationship between the center and the regions, authority, council representation, systematics for forming regional and autonomous governments? Furthermore, it can be explained that according to Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government, regional government is the implementation of government affairs by regional governments and the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD) using the principle of autonomy and co-administration with the principle of autonomy as wide as possible in the system and principles of the State. The Unity of the Republic of Indonesia as referred to in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The relationship between the central and local governments by Clarke and Stewart is conceptualized in three forms, namely: The Relative Autonomy Model, The Agency Model and The Interaction Model. Local government powers include: Externalities; Accountability and Efficiency. The legislation in question includes: (i) Law no. 18 of 1965 concerning the Principles of Regional Government (hereinafter referred to as Law 18/1965), (ii) Law no. 5 of 1974 concerning the Principles of Regional Government (hereinafter referred to as Law 5/1974), (iii) Law no. 22 of 1999 concerning Regional Government (hereinafter referred to as Law 22/1999), (iv) Law no. 32 of 2004 concerning Regional Government (hereinafter referred to as Law 32/2004), (v) PERPPU No. 3 of 2005 concerning Amendments to Law no. 32 of 2004 concerning Regional Government (hereinafter referred to as PERPPU 3/2005), (vi) Law no. 8 of 2005 concerning Stipulation as Law on PERPPU No. 3 of 2005 concerning Amendments to Law no. 32 of 2004 concerning Regional Government (hereinafter referred to as Law 8/2005), and (vii) Law no. 12 of 2008 concerning the Second Amendment to Law no. 32 of 2004 concerning Regional Government (hereinafter referred to as Law 12/2008). . In the general explanation of Law Number 32 of 2004 it is stated that the formation of regions is basically intended to improve public services in order to accelerate the realization of community welfare as well as as a means of political education at the local level.
Pembelajaran Tell Me What You See (Lihat Ucap) dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menceritakan Tokoh Idola pada Siswa Kelas VII SMPN 1 Kediri Tahun Pelajaran 2022
Authors: Haeri Zul , Yunus Muhamad
Published: May 2023

Learning to tell me what you see (see word) aims to provide opportunities for students to develop existing abilities by giving freedom of imagination in telling about idol figures. Based on the results of the documentation obtained information that from 26 students of class VII such as class VII C the average score obtained is only 7.03, while the maximum classical completeness score (KKM) determined by the teacher is 7.0. The data collection instruments in this study were test, documentation, and observation techniques. The data analysis used in this research is descriptive quantitative. From the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that individually in the learning process telling about idol figures has not been satisfactory, the highest score is 80 and the lowest score is 56. If categorized, 17 students with high ability or 61.54%, moderate ability will be obtained. as many as 9 people or 38.46% and those with low abilities did not exist or 0%. In the group (GPA) including Normal with a value of 68.31. In the first cycle, it was quite satisfactory, namely the highest score was 80 and the lowest score was 64. If categorized, it would be obtained students who have high abilities as many as 24 people or 92.31%, moderate abilities 2 people or 7.69% and those with low abilities do not exist or 0 %. In the group (GPA) Normal with a value of 73.23. While in the second cycle it is very satisfying, namely the highest score is 84 and the lowest score is 64. If categorized, it will be obtained students who have high ability as many as 25 people or 96.15%, moderate ability 1 person or 3.85% and low ability none or 0%. In the group (GPA) High with a value of 76.31.