bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conceptual foundations of trade-export organization management in the context of international business
Authors: Елена Иосифовна Лазарева ,   Южный федеральный университет, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Андрей Владимирович Лесников ,   ООО «МЗК-Экспорт», Ростов-на-Дону, Россия
Published: July 2024

The article studies the conceptual foundations for solving a significant-actual problem – managing a trade-export organization in the context of international business development in an unstable exogenous environment. The purpose of the study is to provide a detailed analysis of the key theoretical-conceptual issues of management and to justify a set of strategic decisions that contribute to the growth of Russian trade-export organizations’ competitiveness in the international market. The system-analytical and comparative theoretical methods, as well as actual works of scientists-economists, revealing some problematic components of managing in trade-export organizations, formed the methodological basis of the research. Both positive and negative experience of strategic planning in trade-export organizations in the context of modern challenges and trends in international business is demonstrated, the stages of strategic planning, the implementation of which ensures the achievement of long-term goals of the organization, are proposed and substantiated. It is shown that in the conditions of increasing competitiveness of the international environment the focus of the concept of increasing the potential of trade-export organization managing is a holistic approach to strategic management, which implies clearly designed and functioning in interaction systems of strategic planning, marketing, logistics and finance, promoting the development of international business.
Transformation of the system of local self government’s aimes and values in the context of the formation of public authority in Russian Federation
Authors: Роман Константинович Овчаренко ,   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Никита Александрович Гречушкин ,   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the transformation of the goals and values of local governments in the context of the formation of public authority in Russian Federation. Within the framework of the study, the issues of the conceptual contradiction between the goals of the activities of local governments and public authorities are addressed. The prospects for the development of the goals of local governments and the emergence of new values in the context of the functioning of the system of public authorities are analyzed. Proposals are made to eliminate conceptual contradictions in the development of the goals and values of local governments and public authorities. The issue of developing the values of local self-government through the institution of territorial public self-government, which acts as a condition for the formation of a civil society with inherent characteristics, is considered.
International trends in the digitization of monetary and financial relations: from globalization to decentralization
Authors: Андрей Борисович Бабанов ,   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия
Published: July 2024

The need for the use of new, digital forms of organization of monetary and financial settlements with foreign partners, as well as the formation of a national system of secure payments. The article presents the result of analysis of motivations of introduction of digital currencies of central banks (positive and negative moments of the considered process). The article gives an overview of existing international payment systems, including the Russian one, and identifies advantages and disadvantages. The main tendencies of the cryptocurrency market as a possible mechanism of formation of decentralized finance are considered.
Modern trends in the development of Russian entrepreneurship: theoretical and practical aspects
Authors: Елена Юрьевна Золочевская ,   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Анастасия Васильевна Скидан , Алина Михайловна Солоцкая ,   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия,   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия
Published: July 2024

Entrepreneurship is a priority area for the development of the Russian economy. Thanks to the functioning and development of small and medium-sized businesses, new jobs are being created, technologies, spheres and industries are developing, the quality of goods and services is improving, and modernization is taking place. The article discusses various approaches to the definition of entrepreneurship as a special type of economic entities and the peculiarities of the development of Russian entrepreneurship, provides statistical data. The authors conclude that creating favorable conditions for the functioning and development of business, financial, tax and other types of state support are significant measures, The Government is committed to the development of the enterprise sector and contributes to the sustainable growth of the country’s economy.
Integrasi Seven Tools dan Quality Function Deployment untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Produk Kain Ecoprint pada UMKM Nurari Ecocraft
Authors: Andrian David , Nurhayati Lilis
Published: July 2024

Indonesia sebagai negara tropis mempunyai keberagaman jenis tanaman yang menghasilkan keunggulan bagi produk ecoprint. Ecoprint, teknik pencetakan motif alam pada berbagai media, seperti kain dan kertas, menjadi daya tarik khusus. Penelitian ini memusatkan perhatian pada UMKM Nurari Ecocraft yang menghasilkan ecoprint pada kain dan kulit untuk industri fashion. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan factor-faktor yang menyebabkan kegagalan dalam peningkatan kualitas produksi kain ecoprint dimana produk yang dihasilkan tidak sesuai harapan pelanggan. Penerapan metode Seven Tools dan QFD digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas produksi kain ecoprint, sehingga dapat diterima oleh pelanggannya. Melalui analisis Seven Tools, terungkap bahwa warna pudar menjadi cacat dominan dengan 33% dari jenis cacat total. Penyebabnya terletak pada ketelitian dan keahlian sumber daya manusia pada tahap pewarnaan, di mana ukuran zat warna alam dan lama pencelupan tidak sesuai ketentuan. Hasil analisis QFD menyarankan peningkatan kualitas kain ecoprint dengan menggunakan bahan baku seperti daun jati dan daun bertanin tinggi untuk mendapatkan warna kontras dan motif yang tajam sehingga dapat mengatasi cacat dominan pada produk ecoprint. Solusi ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan dan daya saing produk di pasar industri tekstil.
Model Konseptual Training Need Analysis Untuk Perusahaan Umum Daerah
Authors: Rahmana Arief , Suyono Annisa Maharani
Published: July 2024

Training Need Analysis (TNA) merupakan tahap yang sangat penting bagi perusahaan guna mengenali kebutuhan pelatihan. Hal ini bertujuan untuk memastikan bahwa program pelatihan yang diselenggarakan dapat berjalan efektif. Persoalan medasar di perumda adalah TNA belum dilaksanakan secara komprehensif, yang menyebabkan persentase peningkatan kompetensi masih relatif rendah dengan rata-rata 28,2%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah model konseptual TNA yang dapat menjadi panduan bagi Perumda dalam menentukan kebutuhan pelatihan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan organisasi, pekerjaan, dan individu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka dan wawancara dengan para ahli. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan ahli yang berpengalaman dalam model TNA yang efektif dan efisien. Sementara itu, data sekunder berasal dari berbagai sumber seperti data perusahaan, artikel jurnal, prosiding konferensi, berita online, dan situs resmi yang berkaitan dengan topik penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model konseptual TNA di Perumda dibangun berdasarkan tiga tingkat, yaitu: organisasi dan departemen, pekerjaan, dan individu. Berdasarkan identifikasi kebutuhan pelatihan pada ketiga tingkat tersebut, dirancang rencana pelatihan baik jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang dengan mengklasifikasikan tingkat kesulitan menjadi basic, intermdediate, dan advanced
La flexibilización del derecho penal frente al derecho administrativo disciplinario en México
Authors: Noriega-Zamudio José Jafet
Published: July 2024

El derecho penal ha sido concebido históricamente como aquella rama de la ciencia jurídica que debe aplicarse en los casos más delicados que han puesto en peligro o dañado a los bienes más preciados para la sociedad, en un tiempo y lugar determinado. Incluso, persiste la noción pública de que es la parte más reactiva de la ciencia jurídica, al ejercer el poder coercitivo del Estado, comprendiendo la restricción de libertad o imponiendo sanciones de carácter pecuniario; sin embargo, dentro del orden jurídico constitucional mexicano, se ha otorgado la posibilidad de que en el ámbito penal se privilegien mecanismos alternativos de solución de controversias que han flexibilizado su esencia, viendo más reactivo ahora al derecho administrativo disciplinario. En esa medida, el objetivo del presente trabajo es proponer algunas líneas que ofrezcan una postura sobre esta desnaturalización del derecho penal; o bien, sobre su reconfiguración contemporánea, para lo que se emplea una metodología basada en la exégesis constitucional y legal en un estudio comparativo con la doctrina cuyas conclusiones permiten determinar el aumento en el rigor, al menos en el derecho positivo vigente, del derecho administrativo que ha sido potenciado en el sistema anticorrupción mexicano, atenuando con ello, la idea del derecho penal como última intervención del sistema jurídico en la regulación de la conducta humana.
Implementation of a high dose routine dosimetry in a self-shielded irradiator
Authors: Vargas-Segura Walter , Rojas-Rojas Laura
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Ionizing radiation is applied in various fields, and dosimetric control guarantees the quality and safety of products during the irradiation process. There is a need for dosimetric calibration procedures in industrial irradiation plants, specifically for self-shielded irradiation systems. Objective: To implement high dose dosimetry in the routine control of irradiated materials within a self-shielded irradiator. Methods: We worked with 32 dosimeters; we divided the dose range used into 8 points and used four RED Perspex dosimeters per point. We measured the specific absorbance for each dosimeter; plotted these values against dose and produced a third-degree polynomial fit as a calibration curve. Results: We obtained the calibration curve with an r2 of 0,9997. The uncertainties due to the dispersion of the dosimeters and the calibration curve were 1,39% and 0,22%, respectively, for a total uncertainty of 4,80%. This uncertainty includes dose determination with a factor coverage (k) equal to 2 for a 95% confidence interval. Conclusion: Perspex RED dosimeters can be used for routine control of irradiated products in a self-shielded irradiator system.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SAVI (SOMATIS, AUDITORI, VISUAL, INTELEKTUAL) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING UNTUK MENGUKUR KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PADA SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Indriani Rian , Rabbani Sylvia , Pratama Deri Fadly
Published: July 2024

Model pembelajaran SAVI (Somatis, Visual, Auditori dan Intelektual) adalah pembelajaran yang menggabungkan gerakan fisik dengan aktifitas intelektual serta penggunaan semua indera dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep pembelajaran rangka dengan model pembelajaran SAVI (Somatis, Auditori, Visual dan Intelektual) dan untuk mengetahui relevansi model pembelajaran SAVI dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru tidak berpusat pada siswa. Pada saat guru melakukan evaluasi sebagaian siswa tidak dapat menjawab soal evaluasi sehingga hasilnya tidak sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Pada kegiatan belajar khususnya IPA di sekolah dasar, diharapkan guru dapat menggunakan model pembelajaran yang tepat agar konsep yang disampaikan dapat tercapai. Siswa aktif mencari pengetahuan baru dan fasilitator atau mediator dalam pembelajaran. Guru harus terampil merancang aktivitas yang beragam dan memungkinkan siswa terlibat secara penuh dalam pembelajaran. Guru dengan teliti memilih model pembelajaran sebagai kerangka dasar pembelajaran agar tujuan pembelajaran tercapai. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan kualitatif deskriptif karena menggambarkan upaya yang dilakukan oleh guru dalam memperbaiki kualitas pembelajaran gaya dan gerak dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran SAVI.Â  Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SD 179 Sarijadi di Kota Bandung yang berjumlah 25 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan SAVI dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA materi rangka manusia bagi siswa kelas IIV semester II SDN 179 Sarijadi. Persentase peningkatan hasil belajar IPA pada siswa kelas IV semester IIÂ  pada prasiklus hanya 4 siswa atau sebesar 16%, siklus I sebanyak 12 siswa atau sebesar 48%, siklus II sebanyak 20 siswa atau sebesar 80% dan siklus III sebanyak 23 siswa atau sebesar 92%. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar IPA sebanyak 19 siswa atau sebesar 76%.Â  Pendekatan SAVI dapat memenuhi target pencapaian KKM mata pelajaran IPA materi rangka manusia. Dapat dilihat dari rata-rata pra siklus 44,4, siklus I sebesar 61,4, siklus II sebesarÂ  73,4, dan siklus III sebesar 84,6. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa pendekatan SAIVI dapat melampaui KKM sebesar 65. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil tersebut menunjukkan penerapan pendekatan SAVI telah mencapai tujuan penelitian. Sehingga penelitian ini dapat dikatakan berhasil.
Analisis kebutuhan RPP bahasa Indonesia bermuatan literasi emosi untuk peserta didik SD
Authors: Hanipah Ani , Apriliya Seni , Putri Agnestasia Ramadhani
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi minimnya perangkat pembelajaran terutama RPP yang dapat memfasilitasi literasi emosi peserta didik. Salah satu pelajaran yang dapat menunjang penanaman literasi emosi adalah pelajaran bahasa Indonesia pada pembelajaran apresiasi sastra. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan kebutuhan RPP bahasa Indonesia bermuatan literasi emosi untuk peserta didik SD. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan Kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2023 di tiga SD Negeri kota Tasikmalaya. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara. Teknik analisis data yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa guru belum memahami literasi emosi dengan baik dan belum pernah merancang RPP bermuatan literasi emosi terutama dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Dengan demikian, disimpulkan bahwa belum tersedia RPP bahasa Indonesia bermuatan literasi emosi untuk peserta didik di SD. Implikasinya perlu dikembangkan RPP bahasa Indonesia bermuatan literasi emosi. Rekomendasi yang diberikan guru terhadap RPP bahasa Indonesia bermuatan literasi emosi yaitu memuat komponen RPP sesuai Permendikbud no 81A tahun 2013 dan Permendiknas no 41 tahun 2017 serta memuat komponen literasi emosi.
O Antropoceno nos nossos apartamentos
Authors: Oliveira Junior Ribamar José de
Published: July 2024

Por uma “erótica da planetária”, Emanuele Coccia recusa a ideia de uma ecologia do planeta para pensar por meio de uma Amazônia sensível. Publicada no ano de 2023 pela Editora Cultura e Barbárie, a obra Amazônia sensível não busca descrever ou explicar a Amazônia, mas olhá-la como uma comunidade de sonhos. Da palestra que o autor realizou na residência artística Labverde22 – Art Immersion Program in the Amazon na cidade de Manaus, Amazonas, no dia 22 de outubro de 2022, o texto se organiza como uma longa fala sobre o Antropoceno dos nossos apartamentos e as espécies que temos de estimação. Para ele, a natureza pode ser vista como um museu de arte contemporânea e cada espécie como uma forma de bioperformance na floresta. Como seria o mundo se, ao invés de nos identificarmos com pai e/ou mãe, tivéssemos nos identificado com uma planta? Comecei a pensar sobre tudo isso quando roubei uma muda do Jardim Botânico do Rio e iniciei uma outra genealogia.
Ozualdo Candeias, um cinema da miséria
Authors: Pôssa de Carvalho Beatriz , De Lima Manoel Ricardo
Published: July 2024

O ensaio trata de uma relação do cinema de Ozualdo Candeias com o surgimento do Cinema Marginal brasileiro e a sua proposição anárquica como política e, ao mesmo tempo, como há uma conversa impensada e perto do impossível com algo da literatura brasileira, desde a ideia de Limite, de Mário Peixoto, entre o filme e o poema, até a escritura da miséria de João Antônio.
Toda Nudez Será Castigada (Arnaldo Jabor, 1972) para além de Nelson Rodrigues um encontro com O Último Tango em Paris (Bernardo Bertolucci, 1972)
Authors: Marques Fernandes Gabriel
Published: July 2024

Este artigo problematiza o império interpretativo de Nelson Rodrigues sobre Toda Nudez Será Castigada (Arnaldo Jabor, 1972). Considerando, junto de Robert Stam (2008 [2005]), que a ideia de fidelidade de uma adaptação cinematográfica é uma estratégia retórico-publicitária, a intriga que este texto busca solucionar é: existe uma possível leitura de Toda Nudez Será Castigada para além de Nelson Rodrigues? Para dar conta de responder a essa questão, Toda Nudez foi investigada em seu processo histórico, questionando, como destaca Rosangela Patriota (2018), acrescida de Pascal Ory (2015) e Walter Benjamin (1984), o processo de memorização da obra durante a investigação das fontes de época, publicadas na imprensa, e pesquisas acadêmicas; indagando, então, a cristalização da representação rodrigueana ao explorar, com ajuda da leitura de Paulo Roberto Monteiro de Araujo (2016) de Georges Didi-Huberman, as relações fantasmáticas entre as experiências da narrativa de Jabor com Último Tango em Paris (Bernardo Bertolucci, 1972); e seguindo a pista de comparação feita por diversos críticos que, ao longo do tempo, foram negligenciados pela herança de Rodrigues/Jabor sobre o filme. O texto, diante disso, é dividido em dois momentos: “O império representacional de Nelson Rodrigues”, em que é demonstrada a cristalização da interpretação da linhagem da representação de Nelson Rodrigues sobre o filme Toda Nudez Será Castigada e, em seguida, “As tensões entre Toda Nudez e Último Tango”, em que as narrativas das obras são analisadas. Através dessa incursão, entende-se que Último Tango amplifica os horizontes interpretativos de Toda Nudez para além de Nelson Rodrigues, propondo que o leitor pense, de forma preliminar, nas distinções entre modernização e modernidade na formação da humanidade – ancorado, teoricamente, em Ernst Cassirer (2001) e Hannah Arendt (2011) – em diferentes culturas.
Analyzing efficiency of ventilation elements used in protective clothing with simplified model
Authors: Vejanand Sanjay-Rajni , Janushevskis Alexander , Vaicis Ivo
Published: July 2024

Applications of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) extend to a wide range of academic disciplines, research studies, and industries. The importance of CFD validation and verification is growing as ventilation and fluid flow interaction problems are more complex and difficult to solve. Such problems usually take large computational time to provide solution depending on complexity of the model. Some problem depending on its definition can be simplified to reduce the high computation time. This study involves the simulation of two different models, referred as case 1 and case 2, in order to evaluate the efficiency of two distinct ventilation elements, E1 and E2, with different shapes. The first model is a simplified elliptical shape of the human body with a protective jacket that is 500 millimetres in height and consists of ten outlets and a single inlet. In the second case, this model is simplified by having a considerably smaller area; it is composed of two square plates with dimensions of 40×40 mm. In this case, one plate is a representation of a jacket surface that has a single inlet, and the other plate represents a human body. SolidWorks Flow Simulation is used to simulate both models individually to compare efficiency of ventilation elements E1 and E2. The flow simulation results in the first case do not provide sensitive values for the comparison, while in the second case sensitivity of results increases and it shows that the element E1 provides better cooling efficiency than E2. The results also indicate that computational time in the second case is reduced 15 times.
Evaluating influence of CFD mesh on flow characteristics of pneumatic brake valve differential section
Authors: Kisiel Marcin , Szpica Dariusz
Published: July 2024

The selection of the nozzle diameter of the differential section of the trailer air brake valve is crucial for two-range operation of the system adopted by the designers. Using CFD tools, it is possible to determine the flow characteristics of the components with reference to the mode of operation and the valve switching times from tracking to accelerating function. Taking into account the shape of the working chambers of the differential section of the conceptual brake valve and the small effective flow area resulting from the nozzle diameter, assessment of the influence of the mesh on the flow characteristics was carried out. The use of different meshes can be a cause in the discrepancies between the results obtained. The selection of a suitable mesh can reduce computation time and provide flow characteristics comparable to the results determined on a laboratory bench. For different nozzle diameters, both in SolidWorks Flow Simulation and Ansys Fluent, the influence of variable mesh parameters - element shape and number of nodes, on the flow characteristics is compared. The influence of the mesh was assessed on the orthogonal mesh in SolidWorks and on the different types of mesh available in Fluent. Evaluation of the quality of all finite element mesh variants considered was carried out using basic statistical indicators. The determined flow characteristics will allow evaluation of the influence of the nozzle diameter on MFR (mass flow rate) of the differential section, resulting in the selection of a nozzle that meets the design and functional objectives. The selection of an appropriate finite element mesh will enable further extension of the model to include the main and auxiliary feeders, taking into account the movement of the elements (dynamic mesh), resulting in a complete numerical model of the valve, ensuring a reduction in the response time of the system to the operator’s excitation in relation to solutions available on the market.
Formation of professional competence of future agricultural engineering specialists studying discipline ""Maintenance of machinery and equipment"
Authors: Bulgakova Oksana , Savytska Inna , Zbaravska Lesya , Dukulis Ilmars , Torchuk Mykhailo , Rucins Adolfs , Zakhutska Oksana
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the development problem of the professional competence of the future agricultural engineering specialists when studying the discipline “Maintenance of Machinery and Equipment.” The proposed model is based on the requirements of a social order of the society and stakeholders of the agricultural industry for highly qualified specialists who stand out by professional responsibility and readiness to efficiently and creatively perform their professional duties. The input element of our research is the goal of professional training at educational institutions of the future agricultural engineering specialists for the maintenance of machinery and equipment in accordance with the current and future needs of economic sectors and the state in the context of globalization in accordance with international requirements of technical regulation. The basis of the research are the theoretical (comparative analysis of scientific, methodological and pedagogical literature) and the empirical (observation, analysis and generalization of pedagogical learning experience) methods. There are determined and theoretically substantiated the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the implementation of the developed models in the process of studying these disciplines. The efficiency of the developed logical models, and their impact upon the components of professional competence, carried out through the use of approaches to the acquisition of scientific knowledge, the use of integrative learning technologies, as well as increasing cognitive activity, motivates students to study the discipline of maintenance of machines and equipment.
Ecological and economic assessment of effectiveness of disturbed land reclamation in Ukraine
Authors: Koshel Anton , Kolhanova Iryna , Tykhenko Ruslan , Openko Ivan
Published: July 2024

The environmental and economic assessment of the effectiveness of land management projects for the reclamation of disturbed lands in Ukraine is a topical issue in the context of preserving ecological balance and restoring natural resources. This article is aimed at analysing the impact of land management projects on the ecological state of disturbed lands and their economic feasibility for Ukrainian society. Given the huge ploughing of the territory of Ukraine, especially its steppe and forest-steppe parts, attention should be paid to the use of reclaimed areas as a reserve that ensures the preservation of the gene pool of natural flora and fauna. Focusing on reclamation methods and their impact on the natural environment, the article examines the cost and efficiency of such projects in the context of restoring soil fertility, reducing soil and water pollution, and improving the quality of the natural environment. The results of the study will contribute to the formation of reclamation strategies that will be effective from both an ecological and an economic point of view for Ukraine, especially in the post-war period.
Justification of measures to improve stability of gas distribution networks
Authors: Franchuk Yurii , Konovaliuk Viktoriia , Kyrychenko Mykhailo , Liubarets Oleksandr
Published: July 2024

During the operation of gas distribution networks, there have been changes in concentrated loads, gas flow intensity, and the values of the standard pressure in front of the burners of appliances. The internal cross-section of gas pipelines has decreased, and internal stresses have arisen. The current regulatory framework has significantly increased the requirements for gas quality, composition and supply parameters. Currently, gas supply systems are considering the possibility of transporting gas mixtures with the addition of biomethane or hydrogen to natural gas. The physical and chemical characteristics of mixtures of natural gas with hydrogen of various concentrations are being studied. To meet the established regulatory requirements for gas quality, in particular, for the calorific value, the hydrogen concentration in the mixture should not exceed 7%. In this case, the pressure before the burners of gas appliances must be increased by 4%. The efficiency of using household gas appliances, depending on the gas pressure on the burners, was studied. Measures have been proposed to modernize gas supply networks. For example, ensuring optimal pressure in front of any gas device by the nominal pressure specified in the device passport. Recalculation of the system throughput is based on the higher calorific value of gas. It is recommended to ensure optimum pressure by placing gas-reducing devices as close to the consumer as possible and then adjusting the pressure with gas stabilisers. An important aspect is the cost of gas and the environmental impact of its combustion products. To ensure stable operation of the pressure regulator equipment, an alternative way to increase the gas temperature without burning is proposed. The use of the Rank-Hilsh effect is suggested. This will reduce gas consumption and avoid open flames, which will increase operational safety and reduce emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere.
Effects of vermicompost application on growth and yield of hot pepper (Capsicum frutescens)
Authors: Atilgan Atilgan , Arslan Firat , Saltuk Burak , Kociecka Joanna , Jotautiene Egle , Juostas Antanas
Published: July 2024

In parallel with the increase in the world population, healthy nutrition becomes more important for people every day. However, Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) are also gaining importance. The main goal of our study is to reduce the level of inorganic fertilizer use. The experimental area where the study was conducted is located at 36° 31` 21`` north latitude and 32° 05` 07`` east longitude. In this study, 2 m high, 12 m long and 3 m wide plastic greenhouses with arc roofs were used. The greenhouses are naturally ventilated, unheated tunnel type greenhouses. UV-added plastic cover material was used as the cover material in the greenhouse. Hot pepper was chosen as the material. In the research, the development parameters of the hot pepper plant were examined by using different doses of one organic and one inorganic fertilizer type. Vermicompost (VC) was applied at a rate of 2,500 and 5,000 kg per hectare and inorganic fertilizer was used at a rate of 60-100-160 and 30-50-80 kg per hectare. Nine applications were carried out, including different doses of these two fertilizers, their combined use, and a control group. Plant heights, SPAD (Spectrum Authorized Dealer) values, plant diameters and yield values were measured weekly from the date the seedlings were planted in the experimental greenhouses until the end of harvest. The parameters found to be important in the variance analysis results of the data obtained from the trial subjects were compared with the Student’s t test, and the application groups were determined and interpreted statistically. As a result, the effects of VC and inorganic fertilizer values on the development parameters and yield values of the pepper plant were determined. It has been determined that the plant growth parameters and productivity are higher, especially when 5000 kg of organic fertilizer and 5000+60-100-160 mixed fertilizer are used per hectare. Therefore, good agricultural practices include reducing the use of inorganic fertilizers.
Strength analysis of subsoiler tooth
Authors: Caban Jacek , Nieoczym Aleksander , Krzywonos Leszek
Published: July 2024

Working with a subsoiler is an agro-amelioration procedure consisting in loosening the soil without turning it over, at a depth greater than the depth of plowing with a traditional plow. Subsoiling is intended to loosen excessively compacted layers of the soil profile in order to rebuild its porous structure ensuring proper circulation of water and air in the soil. The operation of agricultural machines for field tasks, including soil loosening and plowing, involves wear and tear of the main working elements. The wear mechanism depends on the loads, the working environment, including the type of soil and possible contamination, e.g. in the form of stones. The article presents solid models and strength analyses using the finite element method. The aim was to compare the influence of the tooth shape: an arched tooth shape and an intermediate tooth shape combining the features of an arched tooth with a flat tooth. Simulations of the working environment concerned loads when loosening light and heavy soil and when hitting a non-deformable element. The issue of the influence of the tooth shape on its strength was solved during the simulation of the operation of the subsoiler. In an arched tooth and a tooth with the characteristics of an arched and straight tooth, stresses of similar values are generated. Differences appear on surfaces with geometric notch features. The greatest differences were noted when simulating a tooth hitting a stone, in which case the arch tooth would be damaged.
Preliminary study of the starting system through the electrical parameters of the start-up process of the diesel engine
Authors: Caban Jacek , Senko Jaroslaw , Slowik Tomasz , Dowkontt Szymon
Published: July 2024

Despite continuous scientific and research work on new power systems for motor vehicles, machines and various devices, the combustion engine is still the dominant power supply system for this type of technical objects. The operation of a compression-ignition piston engine is initiated during the starting process and uses various starting devices and systems for this purpose. Currently, the most popular starting system for a piston combustion engine is the use of a system based on an electric starter. In general, the starting process of a compression-ignition piston engine depends on the following factors: technical condition of the starting system, technical condition of the engine, battery charge level, lubricating properties, engine standstill time, engine and ambient temperature, type of fuel, etc. The article presents research on the electrical parameters of the start-up process of a single-cylinder compression-ignition engine with variable fuel injection parameters and ambient temperature conditions. The increased fuel dose had a positive effect on engine starting and reduced load on the starting system. Knowledge of the values of the electrical parameters of the starting process is important not only for the user (vehicle driver, agricultural machine operator, etc.), but primarily for designers of modern starting systems for combustion engines and service personnel. The obtained results of testing the electrical parameters of an internal combustion engine during start-up may be helpful in designing new drive systems supported by a compression-ignition internal combustion engine.
Sensor network application for studying modal properties of turbomachine
Authors: Mironov Aleksej , Doronkin Pavel , Kuzmickis Vitalijs , Safonovs Aleksejs
Published: July 2024

Vibration techniques become most useful for diagnostic and monitoring of operating turbomachine technical condition. One of the actual areas of diagnostics and monitoring to be developed is the detection of foreign objects entering the intake duct of running engines. When foreign objects impact the surfaces of the engine, this is reflected in its modal properties changing. Modeling the response to foreign objects entering into the inlet of a running engine, the modal properties of its casing parts have to be known. The paper presents FE modeling and the experimental study of the sensor network application to determine the modal properties of turbomachine casings. The study of modal properties was carried out using the technique of Operational Modal Analysis. A comparative analysis of simulated and experimentally determined modal parameters was performed. The conclusion was made about the possibility of using piezoelectric films as sensors for studying the modal properties of engine body parts in a wide frequency range. Analysis of the test results showed a high order of vibration modes due to the complex configuration of the housing parts.
Lateral sway motion of vehicle and trailer
Authors: Beresnevich Vitalijs , Viba Janis , Kovals Edgars , Irbe Martins , Eiduks Maris
Published: July 2024

In everyday life, the joint movement of a vehicle and trailer is widespread. Accordingly, when towing a trailer, due to road irregularities, potholes and the influence of side wind, a lateral swaying movement may occur. Under certain conditions, the swinging movement can increase, even ending with the overturning of a vehicle or a trailer. It is influenced by the mass of the vehicle and the trailer, as well as the initial conditions for the movement. This article discusses how to prevent such unwanted motion modes with active motion control. Movement on a horizontal road of the vehicle and trailer mutually connected with a non-deformable coupling is studied. The case is analysed when the towing vehicle moves without slipping, but the trailer can start to slide sideways. Using the technique of classical mechanics, the differential equations of the system motion were drawn up, in which a combined model of sliding and rolling resistance was used. The equations also include adaptive control of sway damping. One of the adaptive sway damping models is created as a moment of internal forces in the coupling joint. This torque control is programmed as a function with feedback from the trailer turning angle and angular velocity. The turning on of the control moment takes place against the direction of the angular velocity, observing the turning off in the range of relatively small turning angles. The second sway damping control model was created as a supplement to the towing car drive power. Also in this model, the feedback reacts to high values of the trailer turning angle and angular velocity. The motions of the vehicle and the trailer are analysed by computer simulation, in which the sway motion is induced by crosswind interaction. For all studied cases, computer simulation results are presented graphically in the form of time histories and phase diagrams. In general, the results obtained can be used in some other similar dynamic applications.
Energy conversion of biomass from fast-growing plants for heat production
Authors: Kukharets Savelii , Jasinskas Algirdas , Sukmaniuk Olena , Kukharets Mykolai
Published: July 2024

In the realm of sustainable energy production, converting biomass from fast-growing plants into thermal energy stands out as a promising avenue. To actualize this concept, we propose the utilization of a top-fired boiler that incorporates innovative features to enhance its performance. This boiler comprises two distinct working areas, namely the combustible gas formation area and the combustible gas combustion area. The segregation of these zones facilitates a more controlled and efficient biomass-to-energy conversion process. Central to the improved efficiency of this proposed boiler is the incorporation of an air distributor in its design. This crucial element optimizes the combustion process by facilitating air distribution within the system. The air distributor plays a pivotal role in enabling the boiler to operate in the biomass gasification mode. This mode allows for efficient burning of the resulting combustible gas, thereby maximizing the energy output and minimizing waste. During the course of experimental investigations, several key parameters were explored to evaluate the performance of the boiler. One such parameter was the size of fuel pieces fed into the boiler. The size of fuel pieces was found to have a little effect on the overall efficiency of the system. Additionally, the air supply to the boiler furnace was identified as another critical factor influencing efficiency. Proper control and management of the air supply contribute to the combustion process, impacting the overall efficiency of the boiler as well as the level of harmful gas emissions.
Protective coatings for construction ceramics as factor of increasing energy efficiency and operational properties of products
Authors: Khomenko Olena , Ivchenko Viktoriia , Boginska Ludmyla , Fomenko Galina
Published: July 2024

The production of building materials is important for any sector of economy, as they are widely used to create residential, commercial and industrial structures. This is especially true for products such as ceramic bricks, as their environmental friendliness and energy efficiency make them virtually indispensable. However, the higher the energy efficiency of ceramic bricks, the lower their strength and durability. This is due to the porous structure of the material ( water gets into the open pores, which causes gradual destruction as a result of freezing and thawing and changes in volume. To reduce the destruction of the outer layer, decorative and protective engobe coatings have been developed that help seal the outer surface of products and prevent moisture from seeping inside. The compositions, rheological and technological as well as physical and mechanical properties of engobe coatings for ceramic bricks with a firing temperature of 950 °C are presented. It is established that the presence of engobe on the surface of the brick, with its rather porous internal structure, allows to reduce water absorption from 14.8 to 3.2% and increase the frost resistance of products from 15 to 65 cycles. The coating opens up the possibility of significantly extending the service life of the brick.
Transport sector technological shifts and intersectoral linkages in Latvia
Authors: Auzina-Emsina Astra , Jurgelane-Kaldava Inguna , Batenko Agnese , Kelle Linda
Published: July 2024

The rapid changes in the transport and logistics sector in connection with various major global events have shown the strengths and weaknesses of each country’s economy. The study uses general scientific research methods (analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction). The paper is based on principles of generalization, concretization and abstraction. The input-output model together with other methods are applied to identify current and model future trends. Technological shifts in land transport (NACE H49) and warehousing and support services (H52) are examined and modelled, as well as the cross-sectoral impact and overall economic performance. The results argue that due to the replacement of technologies and external factors, land transport has increased value added per unit produced in 2010-2020. Findings justify the claim that land transport has the potential to apply more efficient technologies to increase wages and use additional profit for investments demanded by the EU Green Deal. However, the warehousing and support services have relatively lower value added per unit produced, and due to external shocks and global events, no notable improvements have been identified. Policymakers are recommended to elaborate more focused policy activities to ensure that sustainable solutions result in a competitive transport sector.
Modification of cutting tool surfaces with ion implantation
Authors: Morozow Dmitrij
Published: July 2024

The paper presents some recent achievements on ion implantation enhancement of tool materials. Due to high mechanical, chemical, and thermal loads, materials for cutting tools must exhibit very differentiated properties. Implementation of the ion implantation technique for the tool surface engineering seems to be increasing in the last decades. This way not only the surface of the core material of carbides or ceramics is modified, but also the additional hard surface layers (TiN, TiC, Al2O3) undergo ion implantation. In the presented research, ions of rhenium (Re+), and yttrium (Y+) were used in the ion implantation process of the Si3N4 ceramic cutting tools. After the modification, both the structure and chemical composition of the surface layer are changed. Formation of the defected and amorphous layers is possible, which ensures completely different characteristics than that of a substrate. Among them, enhanced hardness and wear resistance can be named, which resulted with reduced friction forces during the cutting tests, and respectively longer time before the critical wear threshold was reached. In the paper, the results of the tribological tests and the cutting tests are presented together with wear analysis after cutting. From this perspective, the tested ceramic implanted with higher dose 2×10 17 ions per cm2 of yttrium exhibited better performance than those of other tested materials. It should be noted that the wear resistance of the cutting tool resulted with better quality of the machined surface. The results presented and discussed in the paper demonstrate feasibility of the ion implantation process for cutting tool surface modification, which is more effective in the case of the hard-to-machine materials and finishing cutting operations. Prolonged service time of the cutting tools and improved machined surface integrity contribute to greener and sustainable manufacturing.
Precision air seeder for hemp - control system simulation
Authors: Samociuk Waldemar , Staczek Pawel
Published: July 2024

Hemp is useful in many aspects of human life: medicine, nutrition, industry, construction, etc., that is why hemp cultivation in Europe is increasing. Various techniques are used to sow hemp. The University of Life Sciences in Lublin conducts research on the use of the precision air seeder for hemp. The paper presents simulation tests of the control of the DC (Direct Current) motor used in this type of seeders. A method for selecting PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) of DC motor frequency is presented.
Profitability of sugar beet production in 2023/2024 campaign on example of Lublin voivodeship
Authors: Krzysiak Zbigniew
Published: July 2024

The work presents a complex analysis and cost accounting of sugar beet cultivation in the 2023/2024 campaign for individual farms of the Lublin region. The economic results obtained by the producers are mainly affected by indirect cost accounting. Within this group of costs, the major components are sowing service, harvest and soil liming operations. Sugar beet production in the analysed years was profitable, with the profitability index about 1.26 and the production cost was 48.64 EUR·t-1. Sugar beet growing is considered one of the most profit-making activities in agricultural production, even though it is characterized by the high overall production costs. However, the incomes are different in particular years. The main factor affecting the income from sugar beet cultivation was the price for the raw material, which increased by only 9.5 EUR in the considered marketing year compared to the previous season. The limitation of the presented analysis of the costs of cultivation and profitability of sugar beet production is its preparation for a model farm with specific criteria. Further research should be carried out taking into account the classification of the analysed farms into groups with different criteria. This will allow for a better approximation of the performed analyses of cultivation costs to the actual conditions. A good direction for the development of individual farms is to combine science with practice in the pursuit of cooperation between growers and scientists indicating the economics of sugar beet production.
Biomethane production from pellets of horse manure and litter mixture
Authors: Dubrovskis Vilis , Plume Imants
Published: July 2024

Climate change caused by global warming forces more and more attention to the use of renewable energy resources. Biogas production from organic waste is considered one of the most correct and environmentally friendly technologies. Various organic wastes are used as raw materials. If this waste has to be transported over longer distances, it is advantageous to granulate it. It has been proven that more gas can be obtained from granules than from non-granulated raw materials during anaerobic fermentation. In this study, it was determined how much biogas (biomethane) can be obtained from pellets of horse manure and three different bedding mixtures. The amount of biogas (biomethane) production was studied in a laboratory device with 16 bioreactors. Their volume was 0.75 liters each. Three different mixtures of horse manure and litter were prepared: a) with fine sawdust (<1 mm) and hay and straw residues (M1) b) with a large amount of hay and straw (also long) (M2) c) with coarse sawdust and hay and straw residues (M3). The bioreactors were placed in a thermostat and the operating temperature was set to 38°C. The study lasted for 30 days. The following results were obtained: 0.451 (0.203) L·g-1DOM of biogas (biomethane) was obtained from mixture M1; mixture M2 yielded 0.494 (0.212) L·g-1DOM of biogas (biomethane) and mixture M3 yielded 0.468 (0.253) L·g-1DOM of biogas (biomethane). In two bioreactors with M3 mixture pellets the enzyme concentrate Metha Plus was added. Its addition improved biogas (biomethane) production: 0.497 (0.278) L·g-1DOM. The study showed that all three mixtures are well suited for biogas (biomethane) production.