bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internationalization and Globalization in Higher Education: A Insight on Effect of Machine Translators on Team Performance among Multicultural Students Working and Studying in Hungary
Authors: Koech Daniel Kibet , Degago Esayas , Kipkorir Chris Simon Sitienei , Chittoo Hemant Birandranath , Szabó Attila Péter , Molnár Edina
Published: August 2024

Language barrier impedes team performance among employees working in a multilingual environment. Guided by the Technology Acceptance Model this study seeks; to determine the effect of machine translators on team efficiency, collaboration, trust building, and training among students on work-study jobs in Hungary. International students (N=105) from the University of Debrecen participated in the study. Findings indicate that machine translators significantly and positively contributed to team performance by boosting efficiency, collaboration, trust, and training. Every unit increase in use of Machine Translators translated to a corresponding increase in team efficiency, collaboration, trust, and training: a significant finding that indicates their instrumental role in breaking the language barrier in a linguistically diverse workplace. This study recommends the full adoption of machine translators to bridge the communication gap arising from language barriers in any multicultural environment consisting of multi-lingual team members
2. USULAN PENERAPAN TOTAL PRODUCTIVE MAINTENANCE PADA TRANSFER CONVEYOR STEEL CORD
Authors: Bahrinudin  , W Tedja Bhirawa  , Karel L Mandagie  , Dikatama T
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengukur OverallEqipment Effectiveness (OEE) mesin Transfer Conveyor Steel Cord, mengidentifikasi danmemverifikasi faktor-faktor kerugian dominan bagi perusahaan berdasarkan six big lossesdengan melakukan Root Cause Analysis serta mengukur total efektivitas performansi darimesin-Transfer Conveyor Steel Cord. (4)Membuat usulan kepada perusahaan untukmeningkatkan produktivitas dan efektivitas dimasa yang akan datang. Penelitian dilaksanakandi PLTU Bukit Asam Sumatera Selatan dengan menggunakan Transfer Conveyor Steel Cord.Pada penelitian ini untuk dapat meningkatkan OEE mesin pada Transfer Conveyor Steel Cord,maka rancangan sistem perawatan yang dibuat dengan menggunakan metode TPM.penerapan TPM yang diperoleh setelah melakukan pengolahan data. Analisis yang dilakukanmeliputi analisis jadwal perawatan, analisis six big losses, analisis nilai OEE, dan analisisrancangan penerapan TPM. Pengukuran tingkat efektivitas Transfer Conveyor Steel Corddengan menggunakan metode OEE diperoleh nilai OEE sebesar 81,1 %. Langkah perbaikanyang perlu dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya breakdown adalah operator melakukanpengecekan mesin sebelum mesin tersebut dioperasikan, sehingga dapat meminimalkanpotensi kerusakan mesin. Memberikan pelatihan secara berkala kepada para operator danmaintenance untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mereka. Penelitian ini dapat dilanjutkandengan perancangan penjadwalan preventive maintenance dan optimalisasi autonomousmaintenance untuk meminimalkan breakdown yang terjadi. Beberapa tindakan PlannedMaintenance diantaranya adalah pemeriksaan alat secara menyeluruh, melakukanpembersihan, dan pelumasan dan penggantian komponen (spare part) dilakukan secaraberkala sesuai prosedur.
3. PEMBERDAYAAN INTERNET UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS HASIL PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Rasiman Yoseph , Muchammad Furqon Muchaddats  , Kurniawan P.Y.  , Tuti Dikatama T
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh manamasyarakat Indonesia sebagaimana tersirat dalam konstitusi kita untuk menciptakan danmembentuk sumberdaya manusia yang berkualitas di masa depan agar tidak tertinggaldari bangsa lain. Hal tersebut dapat diwujudkan melalui penyelenggaraan pendidikanyang tertata dengan baik. Perkembangan teknologi informasi khususnya internet telahmerambah berbagai kehidupan manusia termasuk dunia Pendidikan. Internet saat inimerupakan media multifungsi. Komunikasi menggunakan media Internet dapat dilakukansecara interpesonal atau point-to-point (misal: e-mail atau chat), atau broadcast, yangdikenal one to many communication (misal: mailing lists). Internet juga mampu hadirsecara real-time layaknya seperti metode conventional dengan menggunakan aplikasiteleconference. Pendek kata, teknologi informasi khususnya internet memegangperanan penting dalam menggantikan peran manusia, dalam melakukan tugas sepertiautomatic processing, dan meningkatkan peran manusia, dalam menyajikan informasimelalui tasking atau processing. Oleh karena itu kehadiran internet dalam duniapendidikan merupakan tuntutan zaman, yang tak terhindarkan, khususnya dalammengembangkan proses belajarmengajar yang lebih conducive, dan interactive, effectivedan efficient.
9. KLASIFIKASI PERFORMA TES LARI KADET MAHASISWA UNHAN RI DENGAN NAIVE BAYES
Authors: Lediwara Nadiza , Sembada Denrineksa Bimorogo  , Aulia Khamas Heikmakhtiar  , Tazky Khumaira Tsany  , Zerusealtin David Naibaho
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengklasifikasi apakah kadet mahasiswamemenuhi standar nilai untuk tes kesegaran jasmani (Garjas). Garjas yang difokuskandalam penelitian ini adalah Garjas A (Tes Lari). Dalam pemodelan data mining inimenggunakan algoritma Naïve Bayes. Hasil dari penelitian ini menghasilkan nilai akurasi diatas 90%. Hasil tersebut dapat digunakan untuk pemangku kebijakan melihat secara cepatklasfikasi kadet mahasiswa dari memenuhi atau tidaknya Garjas A.
大型语言模型在学术写作中的应用与挑战：以ChatGPT为例
Authors: 李昌奎
Published: August 2024

随着人工智能技术的迅速发展，ChatGPT等大型语言模型在学术写作中得到了广泛应用。本文通过对ChatGPT在学术型研究生论文写作中的应用进行系统分析，探讨其在提高写作效率、优化语言质量以及遵循学术规范方面的积极作用。同时，本文也指出ChatGPT在降低原创性、增加学术不端风险等方面的挑战。通过案例分析和实验研究，本文提出了如何合理利用大型语言模型以保持学术规范和原创性的建议，为教育者和研究生在使用AI工具时提供有价值的参考。
Edukasi Pencegahan Dampak Negatif Pinjaman Online Ilegal Terhadap Pelaku UMKM Kecamatan Pekalongan Timur, Kota Pekalongan
Authors: Ariyy Bagus , Muhammad Akbar Darmawan  , Bagus Ariyandi  , Rendy Septiyanto  , M. Taufiq Abadi
Published: August 2024

Technological advances in the financial sector are growing rapidly. Technological innovation brings a more practical financial transaction process, one of which is applied to online loans. The implementation of Community Service activities (PkM) is motivated by the rampant illegal online loans offered to the public but not balanced with public knowledge of the online loans themselves. This has caused some MSME players to be trapped in online loan problems. The purpose of the PkM activity is to provide education to the community about digital finance which focuses on online lending material. The implementation of the PkM activity was carried out directly on May 22, 2023 at the culinary market of East Pekalongan District, Pekalongan City. The results of this PkM activity explain that understanding literacy around digital finance, especially on online loans, is very useful for MSME players. This can be seen from the results This service activity has increased participants' awareness of the importance of understanding the legality and risks of online loan fintech.
PANDANGAN SOSIOLOGI HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP TRADISI MAPPATOPO PADA JAMA’AH HAJI SUKU BUGIS PERANTAUAN DI KABUPATEN FAKFAK
Authors: Fajariani Nonik , Maghfurrohman Muhammad , Huda Miftahul
Published: August 2024

The difference traditions from each region in Indonesia makes them unique and has their own characteristics also. One of them comes from the South Sulawesi area, namely the Mappatoppo tradition. In the application of this tradition, there are several different views, therefore the author will explain how this tradition is seen from the perspective of Islamic law. This research uses the field research method, by collecting data based on the results of observations and interviews with some people. The Mappatopo tradition is a tradition of awarding titles Hajj who carried out by the overseas Bugis community in Fakfak Regency after performing the Hajj pilgrimage. The results of this research show that from the perspective of Islamic law, there are several deviations in the implementation of this Mappatopo tradition, namely the pilgrimage procession carried out by someone strange, the use of songko’ haji (head covering) for women who do not cover their private parts completely, and excessive use of jewelry (gold) and excessive decoration (Tabbaruj). According to the limitation theory of Muhammad Syahrur, there is no prohibition on implementing it as long as it can be applied according to limits that are in accordance with the teachings of the Shari'a, neither more nor less than what has been determined by the Shari'a.
Lived Experience of Reformed Children in Conflict with the Law
Authors: Solmayor Jenena , Embornas Amabelle
Published: August 2024

This qualitative study explored the experiences of four reformed children in conflict with the law (CICL) in General Santos City, focusing on their journey through the case management process. The in-depth interviews were conducted with purposefully selected participants while the data were processed and analyzed thematically. The narratives revealed that these CICLs faced various factors that led them to conflict with the law. Their experiences during the diversion and rehabilitation program at Bahay Pag-Asa for Boys showed that the length of their stay depended on the nature of their case and their adherence to the program's terms. The structured daily schedule offered a variety of rehabilitative activities, and the program provided support to help them overcome the various challenges they faced through guidance, acceptance, prayer, and a personal commitment to change. However, the programs offered limited support. They primarily focused on monitoring, home visits, and financial assistance (when funds were available). The participants viewed hope as a crucial factor in their transformation. It motivated them to change, gave them the belief of living a good life, and provided a sense of purpose. The aspirations helped them realize life's meaning, and hope signifies the restoration of order. The case management process aimed to repair the harm caused, and the children's situations were addressed through reintegration (reinstituting them back into society) while ensuring fair treatment. Community-based programs offered during reintegration and aftercare further facilitated the restoration of peace, healing, and reconciliation. Ultimately, the experiences of these reformed CICLs highlight that their success hinged not only on the programs offered but also on their self-determination to make positive life choices.
APRENDIZAGEM CINÉTICA: INTEGRANDO MOVIMENTO NA SALA DE AULA
Authors: Oliveira Alexandre Rosa de , Cardoso Cíntia Pacheco , Saldanha Felipe Ferreira , Schmaedecke Felipe , Rosa Guilherme de Lima , Mendes Guilherme Ortega , Silva Jairo Jesus Nunes da , Colman Kamila Goulart Rodrigues , Lammel Karen , Tittello Maria Cristiane Mocellin , Miranda Micheli da Silveira , Giordani Rogério
Published: August 2024

The study “Kinetic Learning: Integrating Movement in the Classroom” investigates the impact of physical movement on students’ learning process within the school environment. By integrating physical activities and body movements into traditional lessons, researchers seek to explore how this approach can improve student engagement and facilitate content retention. The research is based on educational theories that highlight the importance of sensory experience and physical activity in learning. By introducing elements of movement into the classroom, educators aim to meet students’ varied learning needs, providing a more holistic and dynamic approach to education. Preliminary results from the study suggest that kinetic learning can lead to greater information retention, increased motivation, and improvements in students’ concentration and behavior. Furthermore, integrating movement into the classroom can promote a more collaborative and interactive atmosphere, encouraging students’ active participation in the learning process. This innovative approach not only offers tangible benefits for students, but also challenges traditional conventions of education, highlighting the importance of more dynamic and adaptive approaches to meeting individual learning needs. Consequently, the study “Kinetic Learning: Integrating Movement into the Classroom” contributes significantly to the growing body of research on effective and progressive educational practices.
Assessment of Nutritional Status of Children aged 1-5 years attending the Outdoor Patients Department of Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Ghazala Yasmeen , Farooq Hafiz Umer , Jabeen Naila , Cheema Rafay Ur Rehman , Sultan Shazia , Hussain Tariq
Published: August 2024

Background:
Cytochrome P450 enzymes play vital roles in metabolizing drugs, endogenous compounds, and environmental pollutants. Among them, Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2), CYP1A1 and CYP1B are particularly important for activating carcinogens. Computational modeling of CYP1A2 is essential for understanding its interactions with various molecules, substrates, and inhibitors.
Objective: To characterize the structure of CYP1A2 and explore the binding of alpha-naphthoflavone to its active site.
Study Design: In Silico study (Computational modeling).
Place of Study: International Center of Medical Sciences Research (ICMSR), Islamabad, Pakistan.
Material and Methods: Using the Swiss PDB Viewer, the structural features of CYP1A2 were assessed, focusing on key residues, motifs, helices, and conserved regions.
Results:
Our findings identified specific binding sites for Alpha-Naphthoflavone (ANF), highlighting its potential as a potent inhibitor of CYP1A2. This research contributes to our knowledge of the clinical and toxicological implications associated with CYP1A2. Conclusion: Structural differences were found between CYP1A2 and related enzymes, with less than 40% sequence identity compared to several other P450s. The study predominantly compares CYP1A2 with CYP 2A6 and CYP3A4 due to these differences. T he developed structural models offer a fast and precise method for studying CYP1A2, aiding in understanding its role in drug metabolism and toxicology.
Bed occupancy and nosocomial infections in the intensive care unit: A retrospective observational study in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Wilson T , Nolte D , Omar S
Published: August 2024

Background. Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are a major problem globally, contributing to prolonged hospital admissions and poor outcomes.
Objective. To examine HAI incidence and risk factors in an intensive care unit (ICU) during high v. low occupancy periods.
Methods. This retrospective, descriptive analysis investigated HAI incidence among adult patients admitted to the ICU at Chris Hani Baragwanath (CHBH) during a high (H2019) and low (L2020) occupancy. Data were extracted from the clinical records of 440 eligible patients.
Results. We found an increased risk of HAI during H2019 compared with L2020 (relative risk (RR) 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03 - 1.94). The overall frequency density of HAI was 25/1 000 ICU days. There was no difference in the distribution of the site of infection (blood v. other) (p=0.27) or bacterial category (Gram stain) (p=0.62). Five organisms accounted for 89% of pathogens: Klebsiella (26%), Staphylococcus (21%), Acinetobacter (16%), Candida (16%) and Enterobacter (10%). The incidence of multidrug-resistant/extensively drug-resistant (MDR/XDR) organisms was 4.2-fold higher (95% CI 1.3 - 13.4) during H2019 compared with L2020. Logistic regression analysis revealed two independent predictors of nosocomial infection: ICU length of stay (odds ratio (OR) 1.12, 95% CI 1.02 - 1.22) and intercostal drain duration in days (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.09 - 1.47).
Conclusion. High occupancy in the ICU was associated with an increased risk of HAI and a greater incidence of MDR and XDR pathogens. Increasing ICU length of stay and invasive device duration were independent predictors of HAI.
The ORP9-ORP11 dimer promotes sphingomyelin synthesis
Authors: Cabukusta Birol , Borst Pauwels Shalom , Akkermans Jimmy JLL , Blomberg Niek , Mulder Aat A , Koning Roman I , Giera Martin , Neefjes Jacques
Published: August 2024

Numerous lipids are heterogeneously distributed among organelles. Most lipid trafficking between organelles is achieved by a group of lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) that carry lipids using their hydrophobic cavities. The human genome encodes many intracellular LTPs responsible for lipid trafficking and the function of many LTPs in defining cellular lipid levels and distributions is unclear. Here, we created a gene knockout library targeting 90 intracellular LTPs and performed whole-cell lipidomics analysis. This analysis confirmed known lipid disturbances and identified new ones caused by the loss of LTPs. Among these, we found major sphingolipid imbalances in ORP9 and ORP11 knockout cells, two proteins of previously unknown function in sphingolipid metabolism. ORP9 and ORP11 form a heterodimer to localize at the ER-trans-Golgi membrane contact sites, where the dimer exchanges phosphatidylserine (PS) for phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI(4)P) between the two organelles. Consequently, loss of either protein causes phospholipid imbalances in the Golgi apparatus that result in lowered sphingomyelin synthesis at this organelle. Overall, our LTP knockout library toolbox identifies various proteins in control of cellular lipid levels, including the ORP9-ORP11 heterodimer, which exchanges PS and PI(4)P at the ER-Golgi membrane contact site as a critical step in sphingomyelin synthesis in the Golgi apparatus.
Forecasting the spatial spread of an Ebola epidemic in real-time: comparing predictions of mathematical models and experts
Authors: Munday James D , Rosello Alicia , Edmunds W John , Funk Sebastian
Published: August 2024

Ebola virus disease outbreaks can often be controlled, but require rapid response efforts frequently with profound operational complexities. Mathematical models can be used to support response planning, but it is unclear if models improve the prior understanding of experts.We performed repeated surveys of Ebola response experts during an outbreak. From each expert we elicited the probability of cases exceeding four thresholds between two and 20 cases in a set of small geographical areas in the following calendar month. We compared the predictive performance of these forecasts to those of two mathematical models with different spatial interaction components.An ensemble combining the forecasts of all experts performed similarly to the two models. Experts showed stronger bias than models forecasting two-case threshold exceedance. Experts and models both performed better when predicting exceedance of higher thresholds. The models also tended to be better at risk-ranking areas than experts.Our results support the use of models in outbreak contexts, offering a convenient and scalable route to a quantified situational awareness, which can provide confidence in or to call into question existing advice of experts. There could be value in combining expert opinion and modelled forecasts to support the response to future outbreaks.
Early-life stress induces persistent astrocyte dysfunction resulting in fear generalisation
Authors: Guayasamin Mathias , Depaauw-Holt Lewis R , Adedipe Ifeoluwa I , Ghenissa Ossama , Vaugeois Juliette , Duquenne Manon , Rogers Benjamin , Latraverse-Arquilla Jade , Peyrard Sarah , Bosson Anthony , Murphy-Royal Ciaran
Published: August 2024

Early-life stress can have lifelong consequences, enhancing stress susceptibility and resulting in behavioral and cognitive deficits. While the effects of early-life stress on neuronal function have been well-described, we still know very little about the contribution of non-neuronal brain cells. Investigating the complex interactions between distinct brain cell types is critical to fully understand how cellular changes manifest as behavioral deficits following early-life stress. Here, using male and female mice we report that early-life stress induces anxiety-like behavior and fear generalisation in an amygdala-dependent learning and memory task. These behavioral changes were associated with impaired synaptic plasticity, increased neural excitability, and astrocyte dysfunction. Genetic perturbation of amygdala astrocyte function by either silencing these cells or reducing astrocyte network function was sufficient to replicate cellular, synaptic, and fear memory changes associated with early-life stress. These data provide mechanistic links between early-life stress and astrocyte dysfunction. Our data reveal a role of astrocytes in tuning emotionally salient memory with astrocyte dysfunction resulting in fear generalisation. Further understanding of how astrocytes are affected by stress might offer new insights into the long-term impact of early-life stress on affective states.
Chemical composition and egg production capacity throughout bloom development of ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in the northern Adriatic Sea
Authors: Rečnik Kevin , Klun Katja , Lipej Lovrenc , Malej Alenka , Tinta Tinkara
Published: August 2024

High abundances of gelatinous zooplankton (GZ) can significantly impact marine ecosystem by acting as both sink and source of organic matter (OM) and nutrients. The decay of GZ bloom can introduce significant amount of OM to the ocean interior, with its variability influenced by GZ life traits and environmental factors, impacting microbial communities vital to marine biogeochemical cycles. The invasive ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi has formed massive blooms in the northern Adriatic Sea since 2016. However, the variability in the chemical composition and egg production of blooming populations, as well as the role of environmental factors in governing this variability, remains largely unknown. Our analysis of biometry, chemical composition, and fecundity of M. leidyi sampled in the Gulf of Trieste in 2021 revealed stable carbon and nitrogen content throughout bloom development, with no significant correlation with seawater temperature, salinity, oxygen, and chlorophyll a concentration. Although the studied population exhibited homogeneity in terms of biometry and chemical composition, the number of produced eggs varied substantially, showing no clear correlation with environmental variables and being somewhat lower than previously reported for the study area and other Mediterranean areas. We observed a positive correlation between the wet weight of individuals and the percentage of hatched eggs, as well as a significant positive correlation between the percentage of hatched eggs and ambient seawater temperature. Additionally, we noted that the speed of hatching decreased with decreasing seawater temperature in autumn, corresponding to the end of M. leidyi bloom.
Associations of 24-hour movement guidelines adherence with fruit and vegetable intake in university students
Authors: Zhang Yao , Yang Xingyi , Yang Zhen , Chi Xinli , Chen Sitong
Published: August 2024

Background

Unhealthy eating habits, such as low vegetable and fruit intake, are associated with many health problems. 24-h movement behaviors have been reported to be positively associated with numerous health-related outcomes. Despite the importance of these two modifiable lifestyle behaviors in building healthy habits in university students, there is a paucity of relevant research in this population. Therefore, this study aims to examine the correlation between compliance with 24-h movement guideline (24-h MG) and intake of fruits and vegetables (IFV) in Chinese university students.

Methods

This study investigated the relationship between the compliance with 24-h MG and IFV in 1,793 Chinese university students using a convenience sampling method online. Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) were assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, while sleep was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The Chinese version of the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II was used to measure IFV. Generalized linear models were applied to examine the correlation between compliance with the 24-h MG and eating habits.

Results

The proportion of participants who routinely consumed vegetables and fruits was 24.6% and 43.1%, respectively, while the proportion of meeting the three 24-h MG and a combination of any two guidelines was 27.8% and 40.1%, respectively. Meeting all three guidelines was associated with a greater IFV intake compared to not meeting either guideline. Meeting all three guidelines (OR = 2.42 [1.63, 3.58]) and the combination of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) and sleep (OR = 2.06 [1.37, 3.10]) were positively associated with the frequency of vegetable consumption (p < 0.05). As well, meeting all three guidelines (OR = 2.06 [1.37, 3.10]), the combination of MVPA and sleep (OR = 1.72 [1.04, 2.84]), and sleep only (OR = 1.88 [1.21, 2.92]) were positively associated with fruits consumption (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Almost a third of the university students met the three 24-h MG, and compliance with all three guidelines was associated with a higher frequency of IFV. Furthermore, meeting the sleep guideline alone or in conjunction with the PA, and meeting the entire 24-h MG was associated with greater consumption of fruits.
A Bibliometric Analysis: The Influence of Service Profit Chain (SPC) on the Hospitality Industry
Authors: Alam Khayrul
Published: August 2024

In the hospitality industry, the service-profit chain establishes relationships between profitability, customer loyalty, employee satisfaction, loyalty, and productivity. It shows that focusing on employee engagement and customer satisfaction might boost a company's financial performance. This relates to how well the company supports and assists its employees. Several studies have empirically investigated the relationship between practices in the service profit chain and their impact on the tourism and hospitality industries. The service profit chain is based on the premise that market leadership requires an emphasis on managing value drivers that are the most important determinants of success: employee retention, employee satisfaction, and employee productivity, which have the greatest impact on success and provide the most benefit to customers. Bibliometric studies that organize production in this field, however, are still scarce. The study's goal is to analyze the influence of service profit chain practices in hospitality industry using VOSviewer software that is related to marketing. This will be achieved by analyzing articles published on the SCOPUS platform to determine state-of-the-art trends and other relevant indicators. Researcher obtained a sample of 57 materials for analysis. The author processed the data and used the VOSviewer software to graphically illustrate the results. The study examines country-wise productivity, most productive source titles, most-cited sources on the topic, top-most keyword occurrences, and yearly productivity research output trends in this area. The study findings indicate that the United States, China, Australia, Germany, India, Egypt, Malaysia, and Brazil are the most productive countries in the field of research output on the topic. The investigation also reveals that the top-most source title on the topic is “International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,” and frequently used keywords are "articles,” “customer satisfaction,” and “service profit chain." On this topic, the USA is the leading country. However, research on the service profit chain and hospitality in Asia has shown that South Korea and China are the most successful countries in this field. Only the SCOPUS database contains the study's findings. The study's findings are useful for academicians, researchers, and policymakers looking for answers to the topic.
Design and Development of a Microcontroller-based Weight Measurement System for Liquid Agriculture Produce
Authors: B. A Anand , H S. Kathyayini , J Divya
Published: August 2024

This research presents the development of a microcontroller-based weight measurement system tailored for liquid agricultural products. The system addresses the limitations of traditional manual weighing methods by incorporating a load cell, ADC, microcontroller, LCD, and Bluetooth module. The load cell converts weight into an electrical signal, processed by the microcontroller and displayed on the LCD. Calibration ensures accurate weight measurements. The system's portability, cost-effectiveness, and user-friendly interface make it a promising solution for agricultural applications. Quantitative aspects include the precise weight measurement enabled by the load cell and ADC, with calibration enhancing accuracy. Qualitative aspects encompass the system's ease of use, portability, and potential for integration into broader agricultural management systems. Future enhancements include additional sensors for comprehensive product analysis, cellular communication for remote data transmission, and data logging capabilities. This research contributes to the automation and efficiency of liquid weight measurement in agriculture, potentially improving resource utilization and crop yields.
Osmanlı’da Erkek Giyiminde Kürk Kullanımı ve Kürk Çeşitleri: Tokat Örneği (1771-1830)
Authors: Açıkel Ali , Alkoç Şule Sema
Published: August 2024

Kürk, tarihsel süreç içerisinde hep değer verilen ve talep gören bir giysi olmuştur. Tarihi kürk yolu üzerinden Orta Asya ve Rus steplerinden İran, Orta Doğu, Anadolu ve Avrupa’ya ticareti yapılmıştır. Kürk, insanlığın ilk dönemlerinde avcı toplum düzeninde avlanan hayvanların derilerinden imal edilen ilk giysi tasarımıdır. Zaman içerisinde gereksinimin devam etmesi ile beraber süsü, değeri ve statüyü gösteren kıyafetlerden biri olmuştur. Mevcut literatürde eski Türk devletlerinde ve Osmanlılarda kürk kullanımı ve kürk çeşitleri hakkında bazı çalışmalar yer almaktadır. Osmanlılar döneminde taşra şehirlerinde kürk kullanımına dair müstakil bir çalışmaya rastlanmamaktadır. Tokat şehri ile ilgili giyim kuşam incelemelerinde kürklerden çok az bahsedilmektedir. Bu nedenle 1771-1830 yılları arası dönemde Tokat Şer'iyye Sicillerindeki miras kayıtları çerçevesinde erkeklerin kullanmış oldukları kürk çeşitleri ve kürklerin kaplandıkları kumaş çeşitleri inceleme konusu yapılmıştır. İnceleme neticesinde Tokatlı erkeklerin kullanmış oldukları toplam yirmi bir kürk çeşidine ulaşılmıştır. Makalenin amacı, Osmanlı toplumunun bir parçası olan Tokat şehrinde, erkek giyim kuşamının vazgeçilmez kıyafeti kürk üzerinden giyim alışkanlıklarını değerlendirmektir.
Haçlı İdeasında Tanrı Tasavvuru ve Haçlı Seferlerine Tesiri
Authors: Çekiç Ayşe
Published: August 2024

Haçlı seferleri tarih yazımı, Batı Avrupa’nın kendi ideal tarihine ulaşma arzusunun bir uzantısıdır. Roma’nın yıkılması akabinde oluşan otorite boşluğu Katolik dünyanın kendisine yeni bir dünya nizamı ihdas etme sürecini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Dini referanslı çıkış noktasıyla Haçlı seferleri Tanrı’nın Haçlılara kurtuluş ve zafer vaadini sunmaktadır. Haçlı düşüncesine göre Tanrı’nın eli Haçlılar kanalıyla yeryüzüne iltica edecek ve Tanrı devleti Haçlı seferleriyle Kudüs’te kurulmuş olacaktır. Haçlı ideası bu fikriyatla kendisine yeni bir dünya nizamı ihdas ederken, Tanrı’yı da bu nizamın en tepesine yerleştirmiştir. Bu makalenin amacı Haçlı düşüncesinde Tanrı tasavvurunun nasıl ve ne şekilde ele alındığını incelemektir. Literatürde Haçlı kaynaklarına dayanarak böyle bir çalışmanın olmayışı makalenin önemini ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Haçlı kaynaklarının yöntemsel analizi sayesinde Haçlı düşüncesindeki Tanrı tasavvuru ve yansımaları anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuç itibariyle Haçlıların Tanrı’yı kendilerini harekete geçirici bir mevkide konumlandırması Haçlıların özerk Tanrısını icat edip Tanrı Devleti’ni kurmalarına yardımcı olurken; Haçlıların Tanrı tarafından seçilip yüceltilen bir millete dönüşmesine de dayanak teşkil etmiştir.
The association of micro‐earthquake clusters with mapped faults in the Dead Sea basin
Authors: Wetzler Nadav , Sagy Amir , Marco Shmuel
Published: September 2014

About 1100 micro‐earthquakes that occurred along the Dead Sea basin during the past 25 years express ongoing seismic activity along mostly obscured fault segments. We apply seismological and statistical methods in order to associate seismic activity with geological and geophysical data and to locate and characterize active fault segments in the basin; three regional 1‐D velocity models and the double‐difference method were used for the relocation of seismic events. Geostatistical analysis shows that in first order the micro‐earthquakes reflect faulting along segments of the main longitudinal fault while seismic quiescence along historically active zones indicates locked segments and stress concentration. Based on waveform similarity, spatial and temporal proximity, we define earthquake clusters that comprise about 30% of the relocated seismicity and two thirds of the total seismic moment. About 80% of the clusters are associated with N‐S trending faults. In two cases the clusters indicate a migration of the seismicity in time and space, one of which preceded the largest earthquake in our catalog (M5.2). In addition to the associated longitudinal activity, several clusters appear to represent faulting in east‐west orientation which is interpreted here as a secondary fault system.
Local feedback mechanisms of the shallow water region around the Maritime Continent
Authors: Xue Pengfei , Eltahir Elfatih A. B. , Malanotte‐Rizzoli Paola , Wei Jun
Published: September 2014

The focus of this study is the local‐scale air‐sea feedback mechanisms over the shallow shelf water region (water depth <200 m) of the Maritime Continent (MC). MC was selected as a pilot study site for its extensive shallow water coverage, geographic complexity, and importance in the global climate system. To identify the local‐scale air‐sea feedback processes, we ran numerical experiments with perturbed surface layer water temperature using a coupled ocean‐atmosphere model and an uncoupled ocean model. By examining the responses of the coupled and uncoupled models to the water temperature perturbation, we identify that, at a local‐scale, a negative feedback process through the coupled dynamics that tends to restore the SST from its perturbation could dominate the shallow water region of the MC at a short time scale of several days. The energy budget shows that 38% of initial perturbation‐induced heat energy was adjusted through the air‐sea feedback mechanisms within 2 weeks, of which 58% is directly transferred into the atmosphere by the adjustment of latent heat flux due to the evaporative cooling mechanism. The increased inputs of heat and moisture into the lower atmosphere then modifies its thermal structure and increases the formation of low‐level clouds, which act as a shield preventing incoming solar radiation from reaching the sea surface, accounts for 38% of the total adjustment of surface heat fluxes, serving as the second mechanism for the negative feedback process. The adjustment of sensible heat flux and net longwave radiation play a secondary role. The response of the coupled system to the SST perturbation suggests a response time scale of the coupled feedback process of about 3–5 days. The two‐way air‐sea feedback tightly links the surface heat fluxes, clouds and SST, and can play an important role in regulating the short‐term variability of the SST over the shallow shelf water regions.
Predictions of the effects of Mars's encounter with comet C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring) upon metal species in its ionosphere
Authors: Withers Paul
Published: September 2014

The infall of dust from the coma of comet C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring) and its subsequent ablation in the atmosphere of Mars has the potential to affect the abundances of metal species in the atmosphere and ionosphere. We develop relationships between properties of the dust population in the coma and densities of metal species in the atmosphere and ionosphere. These can be used to predict the abundances of metal species in the atmosphere and ionosphere during the encounter. Given postencounter observations of the atmosphere and ionosphere, they can also be used to infer relevant cometary properties. Although current predictions suggest that the influx of cometary dust will be comparable to the sporadic background, the higher entry speed involved, which leads to a greater production rate of ions during ablation, means that metal ion abundances may be enhanced during and after the encounter.
Interactions of energetic electrons with ULF waves triggered by interplanetary shock: Van Allen Probes observations in the magnetotail
Authors: Hao Y. X. , Zong Q.‐G. , Wang Y. F. , Zhou X.‐Z. , Zhang Hui , Fu S. Y. , Pu Z. Y. , Spence H. E. , Blake J. B. , Bonnell J. , Wygant J. R. , Kletzing C. A.
Published: September 2014

We present in situ observations of a shock‐induced substorm‐like event on 13 April 2013 observed by the newly launched Van Allen twin probes. Substorm‐like electron injections with energy of 30–500 keV were observed in the region from L∼5.2 to 5.5 immediately after the shock arrival (followed by energetic electron drift echoes). Meanwhile, the electron flux was clearly and strongly varying on the ULF wave time scale. It is found that both toroidal and poloidal mode ULF waves with a period of 150 s emerged following the magnetotail magnetic field reconfiguration after the interplanetary (IP) shock passage. The poloidal mode is more intense than the toroidal mode. The 90° phase shift between the poloidal mode Br and Ea suggests the standing poloidal waves in the Northern Hemisphere. Furthermore, the energetic electron flux modulations indicate that the azimuthal wave number is ∼14. Direct evidence of drift resonance between the injected electrons and the excited poloidal ULF wave has been obtained. The resonant energy is estimated to be between 150 keV and 230 keV. Two possible scenaria on ULF wave triggering are discussed: vortex‐like flow structure‐driven field line resonance and ULF wave growth through drift resonance. It is found that the IP shock may trigger intense ULF wave and energetic electron behavior at L∼3 to 6 on the nightside, while the time profile of the wave is different from dayside cases.
Perturbation electric fields and disturbance currents investigated during the 25 September 1998 great storm
Authors: Horvath Ildiko , Lovell Brian C.
Published: September 2014

This study investigates the ionosphere's response to the 25 September 1998 great storm and utilizes multi‐instrument observations covering the Australian (140°E; geographic) and Indian (75°E) longitude sectors. Results show the domination of eastward (westward) electrojet at 140°E (75°E). Its causative net eastward (westward) perturbation electric (E) field drove the forward (reverse) plasma fountain, caused the presence (absence) of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA). These strong longitudinal differences were due to a combination of various LT‐dependent, E field‐driven, and competing mechanisms. Perturbation E fields are identified as prompt penetration E field (PPEF) and disturbance dynamo E field (DDEF). Due to the later (earlier) local time at 140°E (75°E), the undershielding PPEF was eastward (westward) directed early in the main phase. A series of periodic substorms occurred during the recovery phase. The substorm‐related eastward PPEFs became overpowered by westward DDEFs over India but remained dominant in the Australian sector. Thus, eastward PPEFs (westward DDEFs) dominated at 140°E (75°E). At 140°E these eastward PPEFs exhibited a strong positive correlation with the variations of both the cross polar cap potential drop and the asymmetric ring current, significantly increased the net equatorial upward E × B drift and thus caused EIA development with plasma bubbles scintillating GPS signals. Based on the strong and independent correlation of these asymmetric ring current events with both the EIA development and the scintillation activity, we propose that the ASY‐H index could provide a natural tool for modeling EIA development and scintillation episodes during severe storms characterized by periodic substorm‐related eastward PPEFs.
Average QLg, QSn, and observation of Lg blockage in the Continental Margin of Nova Scotia
Authors: Mousavi S. Mostafa , Cramer Chris H. , Langston Charles A.
Published: September 2014

The term “Lg blockage” refers to the sudden disappearance of the Lg phase along a particular propagation path which is commonly seen at continental‐oceanic transition zones. In this paper we present observational evidence of Lg blockage across the continental margin of Nova Scotia in eastern Canada. Regional Lg and Sn spectra from 91 events with epicentral distances between 100 and 1200 km and magnitudes between 2.5 and 4.7 are inverted simultaneously for the source spectrum, site amplification, and average attenuation. The vertical displacement spectra were estimated between 0.9 and 10.75 Hz. The assumptions include a fixed frequency‐independent geometric spreading rate for Lg and a frequency‐dependent spreading model for the Sn. Estimates for the apparent regional attenuations are QLg (f) = 615(±25) f0.35(±0.04) and QSn (f) = 404(±23) f0.45(±0.03). Results from this study provide an accurate parameterization of observed amplitude spectra and are valuable for representing wave propagation in the region. Based on the observation of a strong trade‐off between Sn and Lg amplitudes which have different attenuation characteristics, we conclude any attenuation study based on measuring amplitude of a package of several different phases, without taking into consideration the propagation characteristics of individual waveforms at the region of study, may bias the estimation of average regional Q.
Sulfoxylic and Thiosulfurous Acids and their Dialkoxy Derivatives
Authors: Makarov Sergei V. , Makarova Anna S. , Silaghi‐Dumitrescu Radu
Published: September 2014

Being potent reductants, sulfoxylic acid S(OH)2and its salts (sulfoxylates) are intermediates in many reactions of important industrial chemicals, such as sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate (rongalite) and thiourea dioxide. Sulfoxylates contain the ‐O‐S‐O‐ moiety, which is isoelectronic to trioxides, ‐O‐O‐O‐. However, the apparent structural and valence electron count similarity may be contrasted to significant differences in reactivity.

Thiosulfurous acid H2S2O2is a primary product of reaction between hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide. Despite the central role of the S‐S bond in organic, inorganic and biological chemistry, thiosulfurous acid remains one of the least studied sulfur acids together with its one sulfur counterpart–sulfoxylic acid. Here we present the first special review describing the structure, stability and reactivity of these acids and their anions.

Organic derivatives of sulfoxylic and thiosulfurous acids are much more studied than the acids themselves. In this review, organic derivatives of sulfoxylic and thiosulfurous acids (dialkoxy sulfoxylates (R‐O‐S‐O‐R) and dialkoxy disulfides (R‐O‐S‐S‐O‐R), which are isoelectronic to organic trioxides and tetroxides), as well as organic trisulfanes R‐S‐S‐S‐R and tetrasulfanes R‐S‐S‐S‐S‐R, respectively, are also briefly discussed.
The characteristic and kinetic studies on the enantioselective hydrolysis of (R, S)‐α‐ethyl‐2‐oxo‐1‐pyrrolidine acetic acid ethyl ester catalyzed by Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens E105‐derived hydrolase
Authors: Huang Jin , Yan Ren , Shi Haifang , Wang Pu , He Junyao
Published: September 2014

As a key chiral intermediate of Levetiracetam, (S)‐α‐ethyl‐2‐oxo‐1‐pyrrolidine acetic acid can be produced by ester hydrolase‐catalyzed hydrolysis of (R, S)‐α‐ethyl‐2‐oxo‐1‐pyrrolidine acetic acid ethyl ester. In this paper, the characteristics and kinetics of such hydrolysis were investigated using ester hydrolase derived from soil bacterium Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens E105. Effects of different parameters were systematically investigated to reveal the primary factors that determine the performance of the enantioselective hydrolysis. The optimal reaction conditions were found to be as follows: temperature, 30 °C; pH, 7.0; potassium phosphate buffer, 0.5 mol/L; and 9.2 mmol/L of substrate. Under the optimum conditions, a substrate inhibition kinetic model based on Michaelis–Menten was proposed and verified with experimental data. Moreover, the obtained kinetic constants were Km = 6.73 mmol/L, Vmax = 18.9 × 10−3 mmol/L/min and Ksi = 23.7 mmol/L. This model can be used to predict the ester hydrolase‐catalyzed hydrolysis of (R, S)‐α‐ethyl‐2‐oxo‐1‐pyrrolidine acetic acid ethyl ester and will be advantageous to the industrial application of this process. © 2014 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brain‐Derived Neurotrofic Factor and its Receptor TrkB are Present, but Segregated, Within Mature Cutaneous Pacinian Corpuscles of Macaca fascicularis
Authors: Cabo R. , Alonso P. , José I. San , Vázquez G. , Pastor J.F. , Germanà A. , Vega J.A. , García‐Suárez O.
Published: September 2014

Some mechanoreceptors in mammals depend totally or in part on the neurotrophins brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin‐4 (NT‐4), and their receptor TrkB, for development and maintenance. These actions are presumably exerced regulating the survival of discrete sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia which form mechanoreceptors at the periphery. In addition, the cells forming the mechanoreceptors also express both neurotrophins and their receptors although large differences have been described among species. Pacinian corpuscles are rapidly adapting low‐threshold mechanoreceptors whose dependence from neurotrophins is not known. In the present study, we analyzed expression of TrkB and their ligands BDNF and NT‐4 in the cutaneous Pacinian corpuscles of Macaca fascicularis using immunohistochemistry and fluorescent microscopy. TrkB immunoreactivity was found in Pacinian corpuscles where it co‐localized with neuron‐specific enolase, and occasionally with S100 protein, thus suggesting that TrkB expression is primarily into axons but also in the lamellar cells and even in the outer core. On the other hand, BDNF immunoreactivity was found the inner core cells where it co‐localized with S100 protein but also in the innermost layers of the outer core; NT‐4 immunostaining was not detected. These results describe for the first time the expression and distribution of a full neurotrophin system in the axon‐inner core complex of mature Pacinian corpuscles. The data support previous findings demonstrating large differences in the expression of BDNF‐TrkB in mammalian mechanoreceptors, and also suggest the existence of a retrograde trophic signaling mechanism to maintain morphological and functional integrity of sensory neurons supplying Pacinian corpuscles. Anat Rec, 298:624–629, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Oligostilbenoids from the Heartwood of N. Heimii: Role of Non‐Covalent Association in their Biogenesis
Authors: Bayach Imene , Manshoor Nurhuda , Sancho‐García Juan Carlo , Choudhary Muhammad Iqbal , Trouillas Patrick , Weber Jean‐Frédéric Faizal
Published: September 2014

Four new oligostilbenes, including one dimer and three tetramers of resveratrol, that is, heimiols B–E (1–4) were isolated from the heartwood of Neobalanocarpus heimii (Dipterocarpaceae), together with thirteen known resveratrol oligomers (5–17). Examination of the structural diversity of the isolated oligostilbenes led to hypothesis of their biogenetic origin through a small number of versatile chemical pathways. These hypotheses are strongly supported by computational calculations (based on the density functional theory, DFT) that were performed to rationalize conformational re‐arrangements and thus provide insights into the mechanism of oligostilbenoid biosynthesis. Non‐covalent complexes are believed to drive the regio‐ and stereoselectivity of the oligomerization reactions.