bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Machine Learning Techniques to Forecast Mehram Company's Sales: A Case Study
Authors: Soltaninejad Mahsa , Aghazadeh Reyhaneh , Shaghaghi Samin , Zarei Majid
Published: March 2024

Sales forecasting, situated at the intersection of art and science, is critical for inspiring managers toward achieving profitable outcomes. Its precision sustains production levels and capital and plays a pivotal role in the company's and its leaders' overall success and career progression. In the context of Mahram Food Industries, the challenge arises from diverse investor perspectives and the impactful nature of numerous variables. To address this, a new sales forecasting algorithm has been introduced to enhance accuracy. The aim is to predict future sales through a comprehensive approach, leveraging technical analysis, time series modeling, machine learning, neural networks, and random forest techniques. The research methodology integrates various advanced techniques to improve sales forecasting for Mahram Food Industries. Technical analysis, time series modeling, machine learning, neural networks, and random forest methods are combined to create a robust framework. The focus is on predicting sales for a future period within the artificial intelligence-based machine learning domain. The study employs metrics such as Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD), MAD Percentage (MADP), and Mean Squared Error (MSE) to evaluate and compare the performance of the proposed neural network against traditional methods like multiple variable regression and time series modeling. The study's results highlight the superior performance of the neural network in sales forecasting for Mahram Food Industries. The Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) for the neural network is 28.33, outperforming multiple variable regression (28.54) and time series modeling (29.45). Additionally, the neural network demonstrates a better MAD Percentage (MADP) with a value of 10.2%, surpassing the values associated with multiple variable regression (10.35%) and time series modeling (10.30%). The Mean Squared Error (MSE) further confirms the neural network's superiority with a value of 6452 compared to 6472 and 7865 for multiple variable regression and time series modeling, respectively. In conclusion, the study showcases the effectiveness of integrating advanced techniques, particularly the neural network, in enhancing the accuracy of sales forecasting for Mahram Food Industries. The comprehensive approach, combining technical analysis, time series modeling, machine learning, neural networks, and random forest, is a valuable strategy for predicting future sales. The superior performance of the neural network, as evidenced by lower MAD, MADP, and MSE values, suggests its potential for guiding informed decision-making in goal setting, hiring, budgeting, and other critical aspects of business management.
اثر اسلوب المراجعة الذاتية المعززة بجدولة التمرين الثابت والمتغير في تنمية بعض مظاهر الانتباه وتعلم بعض المهارات الاساسية بالكرة الطائرة
Authors: Dr. Amina Karim Hussein  , A. M. Dr. Ali Fattah Rashid  , M. Dr. Saadallah Saeed Majeed
Published: March 2024

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى الكشف عن أثر تعزيز أسلوب مراجعة الذات من خلال ترتيب التمارين الثابتة والمتغيرة المستخدمة في تنمية جوانب معينة من الانتباه في ثلاث مجموعات بحثية. بالإضافة إلى تعزيز تأثير أسلوب المراجعة الذاتية من خلال ترتيب التمرينات الثابتة والمتغيرة والأسلوب المستخدم من قبل مجموعات البحث الثلاث في تعلم الأداء الفني لبعض المهارات الأساسية بالكرة الطائرة.
واستخدم الباحثون المنهج التجريبي بتصميم المجموعات المتكافئة، وقد بلغت عينة البحث (30) طالبا من طلاب المرحلة الاولى في جامعة الموصل في كلية التربية الاساسية قسم التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة/محافظة نينوى،  إذ تم تقسيم العينة إلى (3) مجاميع وبواقع (10) طلاب في كل مجموعة ، يتم تعليم المجموعة التجريبية الأولى على وفق اسلوب المراجعة الذاتية المعززة بجدولة التمرين الثابت ، أما المجموعة التجريبية الثانية فيتم تعليمها على وفق اسلوب المراجعة الذاتية المعززة بجدولة التمرين المتغير ، في حين المجموعة الضابطة يتم تعليمها على وفق أسلوب المدرس المتبع، وقد اشتمل المنهج التعليمي على (24) وحدة تعليمية  بواقع وحدة تعليمية في الأسبوع لكل مجموعة ، زمن الوحدة التعليمية (90) دقيقة . واستنتج الباحثان ما يأتي :اظهرت النتائج تأثيرا ايجابيا لاسلوب المراجعة الذاتية المعززة بجدولة التمرين الثابت والمتغير والأسلوب المتبع في تنمية بعض مظاهر الانتباه. وكذلك تفوقت المجموعتين التجريبيتين (الاولى والثانية) التي استخدمت لاسلوب المراجعة الذاتية المعززة بجدولة الثابت والمتغير على المجموعة الضابطة والتي استخدمت الأسلوب المتبع في تنمية بعض مظاهر الانتباه.
دراسة مقارنة في بعض المتغيرات البايوكيميائية وبعض الصفات البدنية قبل وأثناء الدورة الشهرية لدى لاعبات نادي آكاد بكرة الطائرة
Authors: M. Dr. Zain Bayes Tahir
Published: March 2024

تكمن أهمية الدراسة الحالية كون القياسات البايوكيميائية والبدنية في المجال الرياضي تلعب دور مهم في التنبؤ بإمكانات الرياضيين وأدائهم الوظيفي والجسمي ومدى تحسنهم إضافة إلى أهمية هذه القياسات في توجيه الفرد للرياضة الأكثر ملائمة لإمكاناته الجسمية وقدراته الوظيفية كما أنها تعتبر مقياسا لمراقبة الأداء للرياضي خلال فترة التدريب. وجاءت مشكلة البحث بضرورة التعرف على مدى معرفة الفروقات البايوكيميائية والبدنية عند لاعبات نادي آكاد بكرة الطائرة خلال واثناء الدورة الشهرية. تم اختيار 8 لاعبات من لاعبات نادي آكاد بكرة الطائرة وتم اختيارهن بالطريقة العشوائية.واستخدم الباحث العديد من الاختبارات منها كريات الدم الحمراء  RBC, كريات الدم البيضاء WBC , الصفائح الدموية  PLT ,نسبة الهيموغلوبين  HGB. نسبة الهيماتوكريت  HCT, سكر الدم  Glucose, الكوليسترول الضار  LDL, الكوليسترول الحميد HDL  , الدهون الثلاثية  Triglyceride , بالإضافة الى الاختبارات البدنية وقد استنتج الباحث وجود فروق واضحة في عدد كريات الدم الحمراء بين القياسين قبل الدورة الشهرية وأثناء الدورة الشهرية لعينة البحث لصالح قياس قبل الدورة الشهرية. لا توجد فروق واضحة في المتغيرات البايوكيميائية بين القياسين قبل الدورة الشهرية وأثناء الدورة الشهرية لعينة البحث المكونة من لاعبات نادي آكاد بكرة الطائرة أثناء الدورة الشهرية.
Impact and utility of follicular lymphoma GELF criteria in routine care: an Australasian Lymphoma Alliance study
Authors: Barraclough Allison , Agrawal Shivam , Talaulikar Dipti , Chong Geoffrey , Yoo Edward , Cheah Chan Y. , Franco Nunzio , Nguyen Bianca , Mutsando Howard , Tahir Fatima , Trotman Judith , Huang Jing , Keane Colm , Lincoln Mitchel , Cochrane Tara , Johnston Anna M. , Dickinson Michael , Opat Stephen , McQuilten Zoe K. , Wood Erica M. , St George Gayathri , Hawkes Eliza A.
Published: March 2024

Follicular lymphoma (FL) treatment initiation is largely determined by tumor burden and symptoms. In the pre-rituximab era, the Group d’Etude des Lymphomes Folliculaires (GELF) developed widely adopted criteria to identify high tumor burden FL patients to harmonize clinical trial populations. The utilization of GELF criteria (GELFc) in routine therapeutic decision- making is poorly described. This multicenter retrospective study evaluated patterns of GELFc at presentation and GELFc utilization in therapeutic decision-making in newly diagnosed, advanced-stage rituximab-era FL. Associations between GELFc, treatment given, and patient survival were analyzed in 300 eligible cases identified between 2002-2019. One hundred and sixty-three (54%) had ≥1 GELFc at diagnosis. The presence or cumulative number of GELFc did not predict progression-free survival in patients undergoing watch-and-wait (W&W) or those receiving systemic treatment. Of interest, in patients with ≥1 GELFc, 16 of 163 (10%) underwent initial W&W (comprising 22% of the W&W cohort). In those receiving systemic therapy +/- radiotherapy, 74 of 215 (34%) met no GELFc. Our data suggest clinicians are using adjunctive measures to make decisions regarding treatment initiation in a significant proportion of patients. By restricting FL clinical trial eligibility only to those meeting GELFc, reported outcomes may not be applicable to a significant proportion of patients treated in routine care settings.
Functional and multi-omics signatures of mitapivat efficacy upon activation of pyruvate kinase in red blood cells from patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: D’Alessandro Angelo , Le Kang , Lundt Maureen , Li Quan , Dunkelberger Emily B. , Cellmer Troy , Worth Andrew J. , Patil Spurthi , Huston Chris , Grier Abby , Dzieciatkowska Monika , Stephenson Daniel , Eaton William A. , Thein Swee Lay
Published: March 2024

Mitapivat, a pyruvate kinase (PK) activator, shows great potential as a sickle cell disease (SCD)- modifying therapy. Safety and efficacy of mitapivat as a long-term maintenance therapy is currently being evaluated in two open-label studies. Here we apply a comprehensive multi-omics approach to investigate the impact of activating PK on red blood cells (RBCs) from 15 SCD patients. HbSS patients were enrolled in one of the open label, extended studies (NCT04610866). Leuko-depleted RBCs obtained from fresh whole blood at baseline (visit 1, V1), prior to drug initiation and longitudinal time points over the course of the study were processed for multiomics through a stepwise extraction of metabolites, lipids and proteins. Mitapivat therapy had significant effects on the metabolome, lipidome and proteome of SCD RBCs. Mitapivat decreased 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG) levels, increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, and improved hematologic and sickling parameters in patients with SCD. Agreement between omics measurements and clinical measurements confirmed the specificity of mitapivat on targeting late glycolysis, with glycolytic metabolites ranking as the top correlates to parameters of hemoglobin S (HbS) oxygen affinity (p50) and sickling kinetics (t50) during treatment. Mitapivat markedly reduced levels of proteins of mitochondrial origin within 2 weeks of initiation of drug treatment, with minimal changes in the reticulocyte counts. The first six months of treatment also witnessed transient elevation of lysophosphatidylcholines and oxylipins with depletion in free fatty acids, suggestive of an effect on membrane lipid remodeling. Multi-omics analysis of RBCs identified benefits for glycolysis, as well as activation of the Lands cycle.
Upgrading TPQ Management Skills for TPQ Teachers in Grogol District, Sukoharjo
Authors: Suratno Suratno , Azizah Karimah Nur , Amanina Syahidah Asma , Putra Sudarmadi
Published: March 2024

In the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0, religious knowledge is very necessary. This is because humans are spoiled by technological advances that are rational, practical, empirical and material in nature. TPQ is one of the non-formal institutions that can protect the Muslim generation from these dangers. However, in reality, many TPQs in Grogol District, Sukoharjo, are not managed well. The management structure, curriculum, and teaching methods are not well-regulated. Therefore, the STIM Surakarta Community Service Team held a seminar on managing TPQ with the aim of enabling TPQ teachers in the Grogol sub-district to manage TPQ well. This Community Service uses the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method. The stages followed are observation, problem identification, preparation, implementation, evaluation and publication. This community service activity succeeded in providing insight to TPQ teachers about good TPQ management.
Recursos digitales y didácticos para el mejoramiento del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje
Authors: Cobeña-Napa Miguel , Parrales-Mendoza Daniel , Vélez-Falcones Ana , Mendoza-Zambrano María
Published: March 2024

La investigación tiene como objetivo proponer una guía de recursos digitales y didácticos para el mejoramiento del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje dirigido a los  docentes de la Unidad Educativa Técnico Pedernales. El mismo surge por la falta de recursos digitales y didácticos en el proceso de enseñanza.  
El estudio se enmarcó en el diseño de campo no experimental, de tipo cualitativo, es un estudio observacional, mediante la aplicación de una encuesta. La población estuvo compuesta por 80 docentes, y la muestra por  21 docentes de la Unidad Educativa Técnico Pedernales, relacionando de forma directa con la problemática de estudio de la actual investigación bajo criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Para  la recolección de la información se empleó una encuesta, cuyo cuestionario fue validado por juicio de expertos en Educación Básica.  
Como resultados se obtuvo que los docentes muestran interés por investigar sobre los recursos digitales y didácticos, tienen conocimiento de algunos recursos digitales que han podido incorporar en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, así también poseen plena conciencia que para promover el aprendizaje se debe aplicar nuevas técnicas que promuevan el desarrollo de la imaginación y la creatividad. Se concluye que la formación permanente para los docentes en temas concernientes a recursos digitales y didácticos, así como la utilización de nuevas herramientas digitales aporta significativamente al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
Myoglobin Cast Nephropathy, A Series of Five Cases
Authors: Islam Sk Md Jaynul
Published: March 2024

Acute kidney injury is a potential complication of severe rhabdomyolysis, which occur mostly due to excessive release of myoglobin from necrosed muscle cells. The major causes of rhabdomyolysis in Indian subcontinent include wasp sting, snake envenomation, strenuous exercise and seizures, etc. The main pathophysiology of AKI due to tubular obstruction, renal vasoconstriction and tubular damage due to myoglobin casts in the tubular lumen. With raised serum creatinine level these patients also show remarkably high serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK). On light microscopy myoglobin casts present as granular eosinophilic pigment casts, sometimes may mimic haemoglobin casts or bile casts. To differentiate the myoglobin casts from other, immunohistochemistry for myoglobin is used in most of the centers worldwide now days. A good number of patients need haemodialysis and most of them recover well, however early diagnosis and timely intervention is warranted. Here we report five cases of myoglobin cast nephropathy in a year at department of histopathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Dhaka, following different non traumatic causes, diagnosed by immunohistochemistry for myoglobin.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI DAN KEPRIBADIAN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DENGAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASIONAL SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI
Authors: Khusnulailah A'syaroh Insan , Rijanti Tristiana
Published: March 2024

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Fenomena objek dalam penelitian ini adalah kinerja karyawan PT AKAJ. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan serta menganalisis pengaruh kompetensi dan kepribadian terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan komitmen organisasional sebagai variabel moderasi. Populasi kajian terdiri dari karyawan PT AKAJ dengan jumlah 120 responden. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Simple Random Sampling, uji instrument, uji model dan uji hipotesis berdasarkan etiket uji instrument dengan KMO > 0.5, loading factor > 0.4, cornbach alpha 0.7 serta uji R2 dan F. Penelitian menggunakan analisis regresi dan uji-t dengan taraf signifikansi 5% untuk menguji hipotesis. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu kompetensi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan hasil sig 0.0007 < 0.05, kepribadian berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dilihat dari nilai sig 0.000 dibawah 0.05, komitmen organisasional memoderasi pengaruh kompetensi terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan nilai sig 0.000 < 0.05 serta komitmen organisasional memoderasi pengaruh kepribadian ditunjukkan dengan signifikansi 0.002 < 0.05.Kata Kunci:Â  Kompetensi, Kepribadian, Komitmen OrganisasionalÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  The object phenomenon in this study is the performance of PT AKAJ employees. The purpose of this research is to describe and analyze the influence of competence and personality on employee performance with organizational commitment as a moderating variable. The study population consisted of employees of PT AKAJ with a total of 120 respondents. Sampling using Simple Random Sampling, instrument testing, model testing and hypothesis testing based on the etiquette of the instrument test with KMO > 0.5, loading factor > 0.4, cornbach alpha 0.7 and R2 and F tests. The study used regression analysis and t-test with a significance level of 5 % to test the hypothesis. The results obtained are competence has a positive and significant effect on employee performance with the results of sig 0.0007 < 0.05, personality has a positive and significant effect on employee performance seen from the value of sig 0.000 below 0.05, organizational commitment moderates the effect of competence on employee performance with a value of sig 0.000 < 0.05 and organizational commitment moderates the influence of personality indicated by a significance of 0.002 < 0.05.Keywords: Competence, Personality, Organizational Commitment.
Marteilia pararefringens infections are more frequent than revealed by the Norwegian surveillance programme, highlighting the need for its improvement
Authors: Bøgwald M , Mortensen S
Published: March 2024

Norway had historically been considered free of marteiliosis in bivalves since the disease surveillance programme began in 1995. However, in 2016, Marteilia pararefringens, a protistan parasite of mussels Mytilus spp., was described in a heliothermic lagoon—a poll—previously used to produce flat oyster spat. To study whether the parasite was introduced, and possibly spread, via the historical flat oyster networks on the south and west coast, we sampled aquaculture polls that were part of different networks of farmers and wild, natural polls with no aquaculture activity. Additionally, we sampled mussel banks influenced by polls and sheltered bays that could have a similar environment to that of polls. We identified 7 sites with M. pararefringens-infected mussel populations: 5 were polls used in flat oyster production and 2 were in fjord areas with no known connection to any bivalve aquaculture. Prevalence ranged between 2 and 88%. At one site, Trysfjorden, we found M. pararefringens in atypical organs, including the gills, mantle, and intestine. Marteilia-like cells were also observed in the epithelium, lumen, and surrounding connective tissue of metanephridia and in the sinus of the anterior retractor muscle. Our results demonstrate that the parasite is more widespread than previously thought and is neither isolated to polls nor connected directly to aquaculture activity. Lastly, our findings highlight the need for an improved sampling strategy in surveillance programmes to detect marteiliosis in mussels.
ANALISIS KORUPSI DAN UPAYA MEWUJUDKAN GOOD GOVERNANCE DI INDONESIA
Authors: Arti Neova Derenov Budhi , Rizky Ratih Yanuar
Published: March 2024

Sistem pemerintahan di Indonesia senantiasa berbenah waktu ke waktu demi mewujudkan pemerintahan yang baik bagi seluruh masyarakat Indonesia. Upaya mewujudkan Good Governance telah dilakukan pemerintah melalui pengambilan kebijakan-kebijakan. Good governance dengan berbagai alasan dinilai sebagai konsep pemerintahan yang ideal untuk diterapkan di Indonesua. Penekanan terhadap partisipasi masyarakat dalam pemerintahan sejalan dengan sistem demokrasi yang ditrapkan di Indonesia. Kontribusi masyarakat dalam pemerintahan tentu akan memberikan dampak yang bai terhadap pemerintahan itu sendiri. Pengembanagn Good Governance telah dimuali saat reformasi Bangsa Indonesia namun hingga saat ini, good governance belum bisa dikatakan berhasil diterapkan di Indonesia. Berbagai permasalahan masih sering dihadapi oleh Bangsa Indonesia dalam upayanya mewujuudkan Good Governance
A Renewed Commitment to Life: A Grounded Theory Study of Suicide Attempts in Badakhshan, Tajikistan
Authors: Savani Shahnaz
Published: March 2024

Suicide is a serious and complex problem. The majority of suicides occur in low and middle-income countries. Also, suicide presents differently in different parts of the world and needs to be studied in its socio-cultural-religious context. Research on suicide in Central Asian countries, which are majority Muslim countries is limited. This study focuses on lived experiences of suicide in Badakhshan, Tajikistan; a remote Muslim province in Central Asia using the constructivist grounded theory methodology. This study also attempts to identify factors associated with suicide in this region. Twelve participants who identified as Muslim and made a suicide attempt were interviewed face-to-face in Tajikistan. Data from the interviews, including field notes, were analyzed using the constructivist grounded theory method to form a mid-range theory on the experience of suicide in Badakhshan. Findings include the development of a mid-range theory of suicide attempts in Badakhshan, Tajikistan and include the core categories of experiencing extreme hardship, seeking or not seeking help and the factors associated with suicide in the province. Findings that shed light on the lived experiences of suicide in this province its social, cultural, religious and political context.
Preparing for a Bsal invasion into North America has improved multi-sector readiness
Authors: Olson Deanna H. , Grant Evan H. Campbell , Bletz Molly , Piovia-Scott Jonah , Lesbarrères David , Kerby Jacob L. , Adams Michael J. , Breitman Maria Florencia , Christman Michelle R. , Forzán María J. , Gray Matthew J. , Hill Aubree J. , Koo Michelle S. , Milenkaya Olga , Rebollar Eria A. , Rollins-Smith Louise A. , Serr Megan , Shepack Alexander , Shirose Leonard , Sprague Laura , Walke Jenifer B. , Warwick Alexa R. , Mosher Brittany A.
Published: March 2024

Western palearctic salamander susceptibility to the skin disease caused by the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) was recognized in 2014, eliciting concerns for a potential novel wave of amphibian declines following the B. dendrobatidis (Bd) chytridiomycosis global pandemic. Although Bsal had not been detected in North America, initial experimental trials supported the heightened susceptibility of caudate amphibians to Bsal chytridiomycosis, recognizing the critical threat this pathogen poses to the North American salamander biodiversity hotspot. Here, we take stock of 10 years of research, collaboration, engagement, and outreach by the North American Bsal Task Force. We summarize main knowledge and conservation actions to both forestall and respond to Bsal invasion into North America. We address the questions: what have we learned; what are current challenges; and are we ready for a more effective reaction to Bsal’s eventual detection? We expect that the many contributions to preemptive planning accrued over the past decade will pay dividends in amphibian conservation effectiveness and can inform future responses to other novel wildlife diseases and extreme threats.
Towards the development of legislative framework for solar neighborhoods
Authors: Hachem Vermette Caroline , Yadav Somil , Brozovsky Johannes , Croce Silvia , Desthieux Gilles , Formolli Matteo , Grewal Kuljeet Singh , Kanters Jouri , Lobaccaro Gabriele , Manni Mattia , Wall Maria
Published: March 2024

The growing implementation of sustainable urban infrastructure, utilizing solar energy for heat and power generation, daylighting, and thermal comfort, has intensified the focus on sustainability standards and guidelines. Nevertheless, a noticeable deficiency persists in regulations that specifically address solar energy access and protection, posing a barrier to the diffusion of solar-centric neighborhoods. This paper examines the traditional urban regulatory frameworks and the state of solar energy regulations and practices within five countries (i.e., Canada, Italy, Norway, Sweden, and Switzerland). The aim of the study is to (i) identify gaps in existing regulations, standards, and codes, (ii) highlight the need for future regulations to protect solar access and rights, and (iii) support the deployment of solar technologies on a large scale. The results underline that climate-related regulations often fall short of specificity tailored to regional and local climates, relying on generalized climate considerations. Solar energy legislation is generally scarce and lacks comprehensive planning. Finally, despite various financial incentives for the installation of active solar strategies, their impact remains limited, impeding the wide spread of solar technology as a primary source of energy production in urban environment.
Rapid, simple, and simultaneous electrochemical determination of cadmium, copper, and lead in Baijiu using a novel covalent organic framework based nanocomposite
Authors: Yu Liangyun , Zhang Jingjing , Li Jiajun , Sun Liangju , Zhang Qi , Yang Bairen , Huang Mingquan , Xu Baocai
Published: March 2024

It is of great significance to develop a simple and rapid electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of heavy metal ions (HMIs) in Baijiu by using new nanomaterials. Here, graphene (GR) was utilized to combine with covalent organic frameworks (COFs) that was synthesized via the aldehyde-amine condensation between 2, 5-dimethoxyterephthalaldehyde (DMTP) and 1, 3, 5-tris(4-aminophenyl) benzene (TAPB) to prepare a new GR/COFDPTB/GCE sensor for electrochemical sensing multiple HMIs. Compared with the glass carbon electrode (GCE), GR/GCE and COFDPTB/GCE, the developed sensor exhibited excellent electrochemical analysis ability for the simultaneous detection of Cd2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+ owing to the synergistically increased the specific surface area, the periodic porous network and plenty of effective binding sites, as well as the enhanced conductivity. Under the optimized experimental parameters, the proposed sensor showed good linearity range of 0.1–25 μM for Cd2+, and both 0.1–11 μM for Pb2+ and Cu2+ with the detection limits of Cd2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+ being 0.011 μM, 8.747 nM, and 6.373 nM, respectively. Besides, the designed sensor was successfully applied to the simultaneous detection of the three HMIs in Baijiu samples, suggesting its good practical application performance and a new method for the rapid detection of HMIs being expended.
Tweet tweet tick: a quantitative content analysis of risk communication about ticks on Twitter
Authors: Yang Cheng-Xian , Baker Lauri M. , McLeod-Morin Ashley
Published: March 2024

Introduction

This study determined what information presented on Twitter (X) on tickborne diseases and their prevention and investigated the relationships between content information and engagement rate. The escalating incidence of vectorborne diseases, particularly those transmitted by ticks, has emerged as a significant public health concern. Communicating tick risks effectively to the public has become an urgent issue.

Methods

A quantitative content analysis was used to examine tick-related contents to understand how this infectious disease was framed on social media, with 340 tweets comprising the final sample for this study.

Results

In Twitter communication about tick risks, over half (55.3%) of the tweets lacked any visual content. Among the tweets with visuals, static photographs and illustrations/rendered images were the most commonly employed forms. Individual persons, news, and health/governmental organizations are the main tweeters. Additionally, most tweets use situational awareness, tool acquisition, and research frames and are in loss-frame. Approximately half (48.8%) of the tweets highlight adverse consequences or frame risk preparedness in negative terms. Tweets with visual aids have higher engagement rates, while those with URLs do not. Finally, tweets use different preparedness response frames and tend to use different gain-/ loss-frames. Specifically, tweets emphasizing situational awareness to alert the public about ticks and tickborne diseases predominantly utilize loss-frames, emphasizing higher risks than tool acquisition or research frames.

Discussion

The study’s findings underscore the importance of strategic communication in public health messaging on social media. By understanding the types of content that generate higher engagement and the framing that resonates with audiences, health organizations and other stakeholders can tailor their communications better to inform the public about tick risks and prevention strategies. This could lead to more effective disease prevention efforts and a better-informed public ready to take appropriate actions to protect themselves from tickborne diseases.
Toward mechanistic medical digital twins: some use cases in immunology
Authors: Laubenbacher Reinhard , Adler Fred , An Gary , Castiglione Filippo , Eubank Stephen , Fonseca Luis L. , Glazier James , Helikar Tomas , Jett-Tilton Marti , Kirschner Denise , Macklin Paul , Mehrad Borna , Moore Beth , Pasour Virginia , Shmulevich Ilya , Smith Amber , Voigt Isabel , Yankeelov Thomas E. , Ziemssen Tjalf
Published: March 2024

A fundamental challenge for personalized medicine is to capture enough of the complexity of an individual patient to determine an optimal way to keep them healthy or restore their health. This will require personalized computational models of sufficient resolution and with enough mechanistic information to provide actionable information to the clinician. Such personalized models are increasingly referred to as medical digital twins. Digital twin technology for health applications is still in its infancy, and extensive research and development is required. This article focuses on several projects in different stages of development that can lead to specific—and practical–medical digital twins or digital twin modeling platforms. It emerged from a two-day forum on problems related to medical digital twins, particularly those involving an immune system component. Open access video recordings of the forum discussions are available.
Stress disturbance around Xianshuihe fault zone in the eastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and implication for fault stability
Authors: Guo Songfeng , Li Jinxuan , Qi Shengwen , Zheng Bowen , Zhang Yaguo , Zou Yu , Zhu Weiwei , Waqar Faisal Muhammad , Zada Khan
Published: March 2024

The Xianshuihe fault zone in the eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau is an important active tectonic boundary. Understanding its stress state is important for characterizing the dynamic evolution of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and the mechanism of the frequent occurrence of large earthquakes. Using 30 years of in-situ stress data from the Xianshuihe active fault zone, we statistically analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of the stress in the region. The study area is generally characterized by a strike-slip stress field. Nevertheless, the stress state is vulnerable to topography and shows high spatial variation near the Earth’s surface at a depth of 0–400 m. The local stress near the fault zone varies from the far-field stress. The orientations of the maximum horizontal principal stress possess an elliptical shape around the fault zone, while its magnitudes become hump-like as the distance increases from the fault. The large difference in properties between the fault zone and its adjacent rocks contributes to the differentiation of the direction of the local stress field near the fault. The results allow us to formulate a preliminary hypothesis that a rigid lateral extrusion model may control the nonuniformity of the local stress field in the Xianshuihe fault zone and preferentially interpret the tectonic uplift of the southeastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Further, the stress accumulation in the shallow crustal regions of the Xianshuihe fault zone is relatively high, indicating that some segments of the fault zone are critically unstable. Kangding area (the Zheduotang segment and the Yalahe segment) and Luhuo segment hold relatively high potential for large earthquakes. The results of this study are of great significance for revealing the mechanism of fault–stress field interactions and for understanding the dynamic evolution mechanism of the uplift of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau.
The role of adipokines in osteoporosis management: a mini review
Authors: Patil Jayaditya Devpal , Fredericks Salim
Published: March 2024

The prevalence of osteoporosis has been on the rise globally. With ageing populations, research has sought therapeutic solutions in novel areas. One such area is that of the adipokines. Current literature points to an important role for these chemical mediators in relation to bone metabolism. Well-established adipokines have been broadly reported upon. These include adiponectin and leptin. However, other novel adipokines such as visfatin, nesfatin-1, meteorin-like protein (Metrnl), apelin and lipocalin-2 are starting to be addressed pre-clinically and clinically. Adipokines hold pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties that influence the pathophysiology of various bone diseases. Omentin-1 and vaspin, two novel adipokines, share cardioprotective effects and play essential roles in bone metabolism. Studies have reported bone-protective effects of omentin-1, whilst others report negative associations between omentin-1 and bone mineral density. Lipocalin-2 is linked to poor bone microarchitecture in mice and is even suggested to mediate osteoporosis development from prolonged disuse. Nesfatin-1, an anorexigenic adipokine, has been known to preserve bone density. Animal studies have demonstrated that nesfatin-1 treatment limits bone loss and increases bone strength, suggesting exogenous use as a potential treatment for osteopenic disorders. Pre-clinical studies have shown adipokine apelin to have a role in bone metabolism, mediated by the enhancement of osteoblast genesis and the inhibition of programmed cell death. Although many investigations have reported conflicting findings, sufficient literature supports the notion that adipokines have a significant influence on the metabolism of bone. This review aims at highlighting the role of novel adipokines in osteoporosis while also discussing their potential for treating osteoporosis.
Examining the links between household livelihood resilience and vulnerability: disaster resettlement experience from rural China
Authors: Liu Wei , Liu Jiayi , Xu Jie , Li Jie , Feldman Marcus
Published: March 2024

Livelihood status of rural households is the focus of disaster resettlement research. Influenced by various factors, rural households face multiple environmental and social pressures after relocation, and the study of livelihood resilience and vulnerability provides a new framework for research into the livelihoods of relocated households. There has been a call for more quantitative evidence about the links between livelihood resilience and livelihood vulnerability in the context of disaster resettlement. This study uses data from a sample of 657 individuals from the relocation area of Ankang prefecture in southern Shaanxi, China. The resilience of rural household livelihood systems is quantified in terms of two dimensions of general resilience and specific resilience using the spatial vector method from systems engineering. The IPCC framework was used to measure three dimensions of livelihood vulnerability: exposure, sensitivity, and adaptability, and a threshold regression model was applied to investigate the impacts of livelihood resilience on livelihood vulnerability. Results show that: (i) livelihood vulnerability of relocated households (−0.042) was significantly lower than that of local households (0.091), while relocated households in the process of livelihood reconstruction had a certain degree of vulnerability risk. (ii) there is a significant threshold effect of livelihood resilience on livelihood vulnerability of rural households. (iii) increasing livelihood resilience significantly reduced the degree of vulnerability of rural households, and the marginal effect of general resilience on livelihood vulnerability shows a decreasing trend. Specific resilience has a positive influence on livelihood vulnerability before it exceeds the threshold, but the effect disappears above the threshold of resilience. (iv) The threshold value of livelihood resilience of local households (0.5039) is generally lower than that of relocated households (0.6548), and relocation does improve the ability of rural households to resist uncertainty risks. It is necessary for local governments to formulate more targeted policies to reduce the livelihood vulnerability of rural households and thereby promote sustainable livelihood development.
Capturing accurate kelp canopy extent: integrating tides, currents, and species-level morphology in kelp remote sensing
Authors: Timmer Brian , Reshitnyk Luba Y. , Hessing-Lewis Margot , Juanes Francis , Gendall Lianna , Costa Maycira
Published: March 2024

Surface-canopy forming kelps (Macrocystis pyriferaandNereocystis luetkeana) can be monitored along the Northeast Pacific coast using remote sensing. These kelp canopies can be submerged by tides and currents, making it difficult to accurately determine their extent with remote sensing techniques. Further, both species have morphologically distinct canopies, each made up of structures with differing buoyancies, and it is not well understood whether the differing buoyancies between these species’ canopies affects their detectability with remote sensing technologies. Here, we collectedin situabove-water spectral signatures for the surface-canopies ofNereocystisandMacrocystis, providing the first direct hyperspectral comparison between the structures that make up the canopies of these species. Additionally, we compare the strength of their red-edge and near-infrared band signals, as well as the normalized difference red-edge (NDRE) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values. At the bed level, we compare detection of kelp canopy extent using both NDRE and NDVI classified unoccupied aerial vehicle imagery. We also characterized how changing tides and currents submerge the canopies of both species, providing insights that will allow remote sensors to more accurately determine the extent of kelp canopy in remote sensing imagery. Observations of canopy structures paired within situhyperspectral data and simulated multispectral data showed that more buoyant kelp structures had higher reflectance in the near-infrared wavelengths, but even slightly submerged canopy structures had a higher reflectance in the red-edge rather than the near-infrared. The higher red-edge signal was also evident at the bed level in the UAV imagery, resulting in 18.0% more canopy classified with NDRE than with NDVI. The area of detected canopy extent decreased by an average of 22.5% per meter of tidal increase at low current speeds (<10 cm/s), regardless of the species present. However, at higher current speeds (up to 19 cm/s),Nereocystiscanopy decreased at nearly twice the average rate of kelp beds in low-current conditions. Apart from the strong differences in high-current regions, a robust linear relationship exists between kelp canopy extent and tidal height, which can aid in understanding the errors associated with remote sensing imagery collected at different tidal heights.
Timeseries partitioning of ecosystem respiration components in seasonal, non-tropical forests; comparing literature derived coefficients with evaluation at two contrasting UK forest sites
Authors: McCalmont Jon , Heinemeyer Andreas , Morison James , Xenakis Georgios , Bell Michael , Wilkinson Matthew , Hastings Astley
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Understanding carbon flows within ecosystems is key to quantifying the impacts of land-use change in the climate. However, while the net exchange of CO2 between the ecosystem and atmosphere indicates global warming potentials, partitioning into individual flux components is needed to understand sinks and sources, residence times, and sensitivities to land-use impacts. Scaling from research site to region requires modelling evaluated against in situ measurements, but there is often a mismatch between outputs of process models (e.g., soil heterotrophic respiration (Rh)) and site-measured parameters (e.g., total soil surface respiration (Rs) or whole ecosystem respiration (Re)).

Methods

This study took a literature review approach to determine fractional coefficients for estimating Rh from Re or Rs and considered whether these fractions differed across a year in seasonal forests, where relative contributions of root respiration might be expected to vary between growing and dormant seasons. Compiled timeseries data were grouped by forest type (broadleaf, needleleaf, and mixed), and coefficients for a fraction of each component (Rs or Re) that Rh represented were calculated using two approaches, namely a simple annual mean value over all months and individual monthly means. These coefficients were then used to estimate Rh separately from higher-level fluxes (Re from eddy covariance and Rs from soil chambers), measured concurrently at two UK forest sites, and compared to Rh estimated from the same datasets using previously published generic coefficients as well as to concurrently measured Rh and Re.

Results

Both approaches resulted in much closer convergence of the two separate estimates of Rh (derived from Re or Rs) than previously published coefficients, particularly for Rh/Re coefficients that had previously been measured under peatland blanket bog rather than forest.

Discussion/Conclusion

This result suggests that land cover is an important factor in determining the relative contribution of heterotrophic respiration to higher-level fluxes and that the coefficients used would ideally be derived from studies on similar ecosystems.
Genome editing in macroalgae: advances and challenges
Authors: De Saeger Jonas , Coulembier Vandelannoote Emma , Lee Hojun , Park Jihae , Blomme Jonas
Published: March 2024

This minireview examines the current state and challenges of genome editing in macroalgae. Despite the ecological and economic significance of this group of organisms, genome editing has seen limited applications. While CRISPR functionality has been established in two brown (Ectocarpus species 7 and Saccharina japonica) and one green seaweed (Ulva prolifera), these studies are limited to proof-of-concept demonstrations. All studies also (co)-targeted ADENINE PHOSPHORIBOSYL TRANSFERASE to enrich for mutants, due to the relatively low editing efficiencies. To advance the field, there should be a focus on advancing auxiliary technologies, particularly stable transformation, so that novel editing reagents can be screened for their efficiency. More work is also needed on understanding DNA repair in these organisms, as this is tightly linked with the editing outcomes. Developing efficient genome editing tools for macroalgae will unlock the ability to characterize their genes, which is largely uncharted terrain. Moreover, given their economic importance, genome editing will also impact breeding campaigns to develop strains that have better yields, produce more commercially valuable compounds, and show improved resilience to the impacts of global change.
Seasonal variability of Red Sea mixed layer depth: the influence of atmospheric buoyancy and momentum forcing
Authors: Krokos George , Cerovečki Ivana , Papadopoulos Vassilis P. , Zhan Peng , Hendershott Myrl C. , Hoteit Ibrahim
Published: March 2024

The seasonal and spatial evolution of the mixed layer (ML) in the Red Sea (RS) and the influence of atmospheric buoyancy and momentum forcing are analyzed for the 2001–2015 period using a high-resolution (1/100°, 50 vertical layers) ocean circulation model. The simulation reveals a strong spatiotemporal variability reflecting the complex patterns associated with the air–sea buoyancy flux and wind forcing, as well as the significant impact of the basin’s general and mesoscale circulation. During the spring and summer months, buoyancy forcing intensifies stratification, resulting in a generally shallow ML throughout the basin. Nevertheless, the results reveal local maxima associated with the influence of mesoscale circulation and regular wind induced mixing. Under the influence of surface buoyancy loss, the process of deepening of the ML commences in early September, reaching its maximum depth in January and February. The northern Gulf of Aqaba and the western parts of the northern RS, exhibit the deepest ML, with a gradual shoaling toward the south, primarily due to the surface advection of relatively fresh water that enters the basin from the Gulf of Aden. The mixed layer depth (MLD) variability is primarily driven by atmospheric buoyancy forcing, especially its heat flux component. Although evaporative fluxes dominate the annually averaged surface buoyancy forcing, they exhibit weak seasonal and spatial variability. Wind induced mixing exerts a significant impact on the MLD only locally, especially during summer. Of particular importance are strong winds channeled by topography, such as those in the vicinity of the Strait of Bab-Al-Mandeb and the straits connecting the two gulfs in the north, as well as lateral jets venting through mountain gaps, such as the Tokar Jet in the central RS. The analysis highlights the complex patterns of air-sea interactions, thermohaline circulation, and mesoscale activity, all of them strongly imprinted on the MLD distribution.
Effects of different treatments on metabolic syndrome in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Jianing , Xu Jiahuan , Guan Shibo , Wang Wei
Published: March 2024

Background

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) often coexist, and the causal relationship between them is not yet clear; treatments for OSA include continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), mandibular advancement device (MAD), surgery, and lifestyle intervention and so on. However, the effects of different treatments on metabolic syndrome in OSA patients are still under debate.

Objectives

Review the effects of different treatments on metabolic syndrome in OSA patients by meta-analysis.

Methods

we searched articles in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, and Wanfang data from database construction to Feb. 2024.RevMan5.4 and Stata software were used to conduct a meta-analysis of 22 articles.

Results

A total of 22 articles were finally included. The results showed that CPAP treatment could reduce the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in OSA patients in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (RR = 0.82 [95% CI, 0.75 to 0.90]; p < 0.01) and single-arm studies (RR = 0.73 [95% CI, 0.63 to 0.84]; p < 0.01). As for metabolic syndrome components, CPAP treatment reduces blood pressure, fasting glucose (FG), triglycerides (TG), and waist circumference (WC) but can’t affect high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Lifestyle intervention could significantly reduce the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in OSA patients (RR = 0.60 [95% CI, 0.48 to 0.74]; p < 0.01) and can lower blood pressure, fasting glucose, and waist circumference but can’t affect the lipid metabolism of OSA patients. Upper airway surgery can only reduce TG levels in OSA patients (MD = −0.74 [95% CI, −1.35 to −0.13]; p = 0.02) and does not affect other components of metabolic syndrome. There is currently no report on the impact of upper airway surgery on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. No study has reported the effect of MAD on metabolic syndrome in OSA patients.

Conclusion

We confirmed that both CPAP and lifestyle intervention can reduce the prevalence of MetS in OSA patients. CPAP treatment can lower blood pressure, fasting glucose, waist circumference, and triglyceride levels in OSA patients. Lifestyle intervention can lower blood pressure, fasting glucose, and waist circumference in OSA patients. Upper airway surgery can only reduce TG levels in OSA patients.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022326857.