bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristic Intensity And pattern Of Staining Of P53 And Ki67 In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Mohammad Dr. Zaheda Jassim
Published: August 2022

To investigate the characteristic intensity and pattern of staining of P53 and Ki67in oral squamous cell carcinoma in different grading of lesions.Thirty patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma were collected and used todetect the intensity and pattern of staining of P53 and ki67 markers byimmunohistochemical method.Immunoreactivity of this study for P53 found that 21 (70%) were positive indifferent grading of disease. Most frequent combination includes strong intensity in11 cases (52%) and diffuse pattern in 15 cases (71%).Immunoreactivity of Ki67 in oral squamous cell carcinoma indifferent gradingwas found positivity for ki67 in 25 cases (83%) and the most frequent pattern ofstaining was the scattered which seen in 20 cases (80%) and 5 cases (20%) had diffusepattern of staining.In conclusion the study revealed that the intensity and pattern of staining of P53and Ki67 correlate with well differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Occurrence of intermediate bifurcational ridges and attached cementicles on furcation area of Iraqi mandibular molars
Authors: Badea Dr. Raed Aziz
Published: August 2022

Successful treatment of molar furcation defects remains a challenge in clinicalpractice. Knowledge of anatomic factors facilitates predictable management offurcation involvement lesions. Intermediate bifurcational ridge (IBRs) andcementicles are of those anatomical variations which considered as problems inprogression treatment of the disease.The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of IBRs andcementicles in Iraqi mandibular molars. The sample used in the study included 498extracted mandibular molars. The results revealed that the prevalence IBRs was306/498 teeth (61.44%), and that for the cementicles was 204/498 teeth (40.96%).The total sample was allocated into two groups:Group 1 included 313 molars (165 mandibular first molar and 148 mandibularsecond molar) , The teeth of group 1 were extracted because of caries andpulpal lesions, whileGroup 2 included 185 mandibular molars ( 98 first molar and 87 second molar).The reason of extraction of the teeth of group 2 was periodontal disease (differentdegrees of furcation involvement). For group 1 the results showed that 111/313(35.46%) of mandibular molars had attached cementicles in furcation area and185/313 (59.10%) were affected by IBRs. While in group 2 the percentage of bothanomalies was higher than that of group 1. In group 2 the results revealed that 93/185(50.27%) of the teeth had cementicles and 121/185 (65.4%) were recorded withIBRs.These results give an indication that the prevalence of cem. and IBRs highenough to be of clinical importance.
Nickel & Chromium Ions Release from Fixed Orthodontic Appliances in Iraqi patients
Authors: Saleem Dr. Alan Essa , Aldaggistany Dr. Marwan Saad , Ahmed Dr. Ammar Shehab
Published: August 2022

Nickel and chromium can cause hypersensitivity in some people , this study wasconducted to investigate the alteration in the nickel and chromium concentrations insaliva of patients with fixed orthodontic appliance.The investigation is comprised of 45 orthodontic patients .The selected sampledivided into 3 groups. The first group consisted of 15 patients with fixed appliancesin their upper & lower arches. The second group consisted of 15 patients with a fixedappliance placed only in the upper arch. The control group consisted of 15 patientswho were not undergoing orthodontic treatment.Nickel and chromium release was quantified with the use of an atomic absorptionspectrophotometr. The analysis of variance was used to determine if differencesexisted between the nickel and chromium release according to time interval. Foursamples of stimulated saliva were collected from each patient before insertion of fixedappliance, 1 week , 1month , and 2month after insertion of the appliance.A considerable variation in the concentrations of both nickel and chromium wasobserved. Significant differences were found between the no-appliance samples andthe samples obtained after insertion of the appliance.Nickel and chromium concentrations of saliva are significantly affected by fixedorthodontic appliances during the first 2 month of treatment.
Salivary Alkaline Phosphatase and Periodontal Disease
Authors: Al- Rawi Dr. Nadia A. , Rashad Dr. Jinan Mohammed , Hussain Dr. Baidaa Hussain
Published: August 2022

Saliva is an easily collected fluid that contains locally and systemically derivedmarkers of periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to compare the level ofsalivary alkaline phosphatase activity in healthy subjects and patients with periodontaldisease (gingivitis and periodontitis), and to evaluate the relationship of this enzymewith different clinical parameters in all patients included in the study.The study included 65 patients referred to Department of Oral Diagnosis, Collegeof Dentistry, University of Baghdad, they were divided into three groups, 20 healthysubjects, 20 subjects with gingivitis and 25 one with periodontitis. The clinicalparameters including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth(PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded and salivary samplescollected for analysis of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels.A highly significant increase in mean values of clinical parameters was found inpatients with periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) compared to healthysubjects, also a highly significant increase in the mean values of alkaline phosphataseactivity was illustrated as the severity of periodontal disease increased. ALP level wasclosely related to the gingival index, probing depth and attachment loss in patientswith periodontal disease, while no relation was shown to plaque index.Salivary alkaline phosphatase could be used as a useful marker for monitoringperiodontal disease.
Influence of Closed Sandwich Technique on Marginal Seal of Class II Restorations with Different Substrates using LED Curing
Authors: Salih Dr. Shatha Abdullah
Published: August 2022

This study was done to evaluate the microleakage at the tooth restoration interfacein different substrates when glass ionomer was used as a base which covered by aveneer of resin composite, as closed sandwich technique, with light -emitting diode(LED) curing.Eighty Class II cavities were prepared in mesial and distal of extracted molars,mesial cavities with gingival margins in enamel (E) and distal cavities with gingivalmargins in dentin(D), were divided into four main groups (G)s, each group wassubdivided into GE and GD of ten cavities for each and filled as follows:GI each cavity of GIE & GID was filled with composite and cured with halogenlight curing unit (H), GII each cavity of GIIE & GIID was filled with glass ionomerlining and composite and cured as GI, Group III each cavity of GIIIE & GIIID wasfilled as GI but cured with LED while Group IV, each cavity of GIVE and GIVDfilled as GII and cured as GIII. After restorations, the teeth were thermocycled 300times, soaked in 0.1% methylene blue for 24 hours, sectioned and microleakage fromthe gingival margin scored. Statistical analysis was performed using t-test.There was no significant difference when use sandwich technique in enamel butThere was significant difference in dentin (p≤0.05), while no significant differencewhen the comparison between enamel and dentin, whether LED or H curing was used.With sandwich technique, the marginal adaptation of enamel margins was notdependent on the restorative technique while marginal adaptation in dentin wassignificantly better. The use of LED had no adverse effect on microleakage.
Oral health status in Najaf City
Authors: Al-Huwaizi Dr. Raed Al-Huwaizi
Published: August 2022

This study assessed the oral hygiene status of teenagers. Three hundred and twoteenagers aged 13-16 years (151 boys and 151 girls) and 291 young adults aged 20-23years (150 males and 141 females) collected from secondary schools and theUniversity of Kufa in Najaf city. Oral hygiene was assessed by three indices (plaque,gingival and calculus indices).Plaque free subjects represented 22.3% of males and 44.2% of females with amean PI of 0.717±0.742 for males and 0.444±0.619 for females. While, gingivitis wasfound in 68.1% of males and 46.6% of females with a mean GI of 0.436±0.526 formales and 0.255±0.447 for females. The majority of the sample was calculus free(91.1% of females and 88.7% of males) with a mean CI of 0.020±0.081 for males and0.014±0.056 for females.Males showed significantly higher mean PI, GI and CI scores than females.Teenagers were found to have significantly higher mean PI and GI than young adults.This indicates that young adults are keener on keeping a good oral hygiene thanteenagers and that males neglect their oral hygiene more than females.
The relationship between the severity of gingival inflammation and the concentration of the gingival fluid proteins
Authors: Al-Safi Dr. Khulood Al-Safi , Al-mosawi Dr. Alaa Omran , Al-Atrooshi Dr. Barzan Al-Atrooshi
Published: August 2022

The gingival fluid flow occur when the gingival tissue and vessels are irritated. Ina chronically inflamed gingiva the blood-tissue barrier is no longer intact, anincreased permeability exists which permits a leakage of plasma protein into theintervascular tissue, the affected blood vessels exhibits qualitative changes of thevascular wall these include the formation of non selective fenestrations which permitexudation of the whole plasma proteins. Most of these proteins are involved in themechanisms initiating and controlling the inflammatory response.The aims of this study is to provide information about some aspect of proteins inthe gingival fluid during inflammation .Seven plasma proteins of different molecularweight chosen for assay: Haptoglobine, alpha-1 glycoprotien, orosomucoid,prealbumin, alpha-1 antitrypsin, IgG, IgA and IgM.Thirty subjects selected for investigation, the gingival fluid collected bymicropipettes from the gingiva adjacent to the upper anterior teeth, clinicalassessment of the gingival condition made according to the gingival index GI of Loeand Silness then the patients divided into three groups. Concentration of the proteinsdetermined by using laser nephelometry.Demonstrate a remarkable difference in the rate of gingival fluid flow with higherflow rate in cases with chronically inflamed gingiva, the concentration of the proteinsincrease with the severity of the gingival inflammation . In conclusion theconcentration of the proteins are not related to their molecular weight and lasernephelometryseems to be a reliable technique for screening studies of gingival fluidproteins.
A lateral cephalometric and arch width Study between class II division 1 malocclusion and Class II division 2 malocclusion (A comparative study)
Authors: Mohammed Dr. Shahba'a A.
Published: August 2022

Background: the purpose of this retrospective study was to compare somecraniofacral cephalometric measurements and arch width dimensions betweensubjects with class II division 1 and class II division 2 malocclusion in Iraqipopulation.Materials and methods: 60 digital true lateral cephalometric radiographs 30 for classII division 1 and 30 for class II division 2 subjects (15 males, 15 females for eachgroup ) were selected from the files of the patients attending the orthodontic clinicin the college of dentistry, university of Baghdad with an over jet more than 6 mmand class II molar and canine relation. Also for each group a study model weretake to measure the arch width for both upper and lower arches. The inter molar,inter premolar and inter canine measurements were carried out on study models.The radio graphs were digitized by using the Auto CAD program in the personalcomputer all the data compared by independent t- test.Results and conclusions: For the dental arch width measurements the statisticallysignificant difference was found between the mandibular inter canine width andmaxillary inter molar width. The cephalometric results that class II division 1showed a retrognathic mandible, and this due to the difference in SNB anglebetween the two groups, the class II division 2 subjects had anterior position of themandible relative to the cranial base, more concave profile, great posterior faceheight, horizontal growth, the mandibular inclination is interiorly, more deep bite,and reduction in the mandibular inter canine width and maxillary inter molarwidth .
Effect of certain disinfecting solutions and surfactant on the wettability of silicone rubber impression materials
Authors: Khalaf Dr. Hanan Abdul-Rahman , Hussein Dr. Basima M. Ali
Published: August 2022

Back ground: All dental impressions should be disinfected before pouring to controlcross contamination but disinfection may affect impression wettability. This studyevaluated the effect of disinfection and the use of surfactant agent on thewettability of some silicone impression materials by contact angle registration ofthe gypsum slurry on flat surfaces of the impressions.Materials and methods: addition silicone regular body –automixing type- andcondensation silicone (light body)with two types of disinfecting solutions 0.2%chlorhexidine gluconate and 1% povidone iodine for two disinfecting times andone surfactant agent (soap) were used in this study. Three treatment regimes wereinvestigated: The first group of impression materials specimens was exposed tosaliva for 5 minutes (control group). Second group of specimens was exposed tosaliva then to disinfectant agents, and third group of specimens was exposed tosaliva, disinfectants and surfactant agent (experimental groups), a computerizedphotographic procedure was used to measure the wettability of the specimens.Statistical analysis was performed by using t-est at p<0.05.Results: the results revealed that treatment with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate as adisinfectant alone or when tested with the surfactant improved the wettability ofaddition and condensation silicones at 30min. disinfection time ,but surfactantcoating of disinfected condensation silicone produced a significant increase of themean values at 60min. disinfection time. While treatment with 1% povidoneiodine disinfectant increased the mean contact angles for both addition andcondensation silicones significantly. Same result was seen when povidone iodinewas used in combination with the surfactant.Conclusion: disinfection with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate produced a high-energyimpression surfaces for both addition and condensation silicones.
Assessment of anesthetic efficacy of 4%articaine and 2%Lidocaine during implant pilot hole preparation in the mandibular posterior region infiltration
Authors: Kareem Dr. Jabbar J.
Published: August 2022

Aim.The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the anesthetic efficacy of 4%articaine and 2% lidocaine (both with 1:100,000 epinepherine) for buccal andlingual infiltration in patients need implant placement.Materials and methods.Forty patients have edentulus regions posterier to mentalforamen were divided into 4 study groups and received buccal and lingualinfiltration of either 4% articaine or 2% lidocaine. Surgical procedure was begun5 minutes after solution deposition. Success was defined as no or milddiscomfort (VAS recordings) during during pilot hole drill.Results.The success rate for mandibular infiltration to produce anesthesia usingarticaine was 100% in premolar and molar area for the articaine solution andsuccess rate was 80% in preamolar and 30% in molar area. There was highsignificant difference between the articaine and lidocaine solutions (ANOVA P< 0.001).Conclusion. The efficacy of 4% articaine was superior to 2% lidocaine formandibular posterior regoin.
Alpha – amylase enzyme evaluation In Saliva of acutely stressed student
Authors: Abed Assist Prof. Dr. Hayder Hamed
Published: August 2022

Alpha - amylase is one of the major protein components of saliva. The mainfunction of salivary alpha-amylase is the enzymatic digestion of carbohydrates, but itis also important for mucosal immunity in the oral cavity. The salivary enzyme alphaamylasehas been proposed as a marker for stress-induced activity of the sympatheticnervous system. In the growing field of amylase research, recent studies haveunderscored the usefulness of salivary alpha-amylase in this regard.Fifteen Iraqi male students were considered in this study with mean age of 19.0years old during examination period as stress students, another fifteen studentswithout examination were considered as .control. α-Amylase assay were achieved byusing colorimetric photometry method.The collected data predicted elevation of amylase level from 2354.260 ± 379.757to 2817.977 ± 125.375 IU/L with a significant change. Positive correlationwas recorded when plotted the correlations values of stress and no stress individual's.In Conclusion we found that acute stress caused by examination associated withelevation of amylase in saliva significantly, however one of the main causes ofacademic stress is test anxiety for Undergraduate students seem to be moreemotionally vulnerable due to examinations.
Cpitn in Iraqi Females with Thyroid Dysfunction
Authors: Hanau Dr. Kadhim Jawad , Naoom Dr. Enas razzoqi , Mahammed Dr. Hussain Owaid
Published: August 2022

Background: Changes in thyroid function have significant health consequences onhuman beings. Women's risk of developing thyroid problems is seven times thatof men. The associations between periodontal diseases and thyroid dysfunctionhad received great attention in periodontal literature in last few decades. In theonly few studies that conducted in Iraq, the concentration was primarily directedtoward oral health status and dental treatment needs while the periodontaltreatment needs have been omitted. This omission is definitely due to absence ofimplementation of CPITN in these studies.Aim of the study: to estimate the periodontal health status and periodontal treatmentneed among Iraqi females with thyroid dysfunction.Material and methods: sample of this study consist of 225 adult Iraqi femalesallocated into three comparable groups. Group A (patients with hypothyroidism),Group B (patients with hyperthyroidism) and Group C (control group). CPITN,CAL & TN indices were recorded and the data were analyzed statistically usingSPSS program.Results: generally, healthy women found to have better periodontal health and lessclinical attachment loss compared to those with thyroid dysfunction but theseresults was not significant for all CPITN scores. On the other hand all populationsample were found to need periodontal treatment in different levels.Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction in its both types (hypothyroidism &hyperthyroidism) has its impact on periodontal health status, but this impact stillin need of more extensive researches to expand our knowledge about this vitalsubject.
A clinical Study of Complete and Partial Denture Fracture at Four Hospitals in Iraq
Authors: Abdul-Razaq Dr. Sahar Abdul-Razaq
Published: August 2022

Objective: To analyzes and determines the prevalence of type of denture fracture infour hospitals.Method: Data were collected from patients who attended prosthodontic clinics fordenture repairs at four hospitals. For each patient requiring of a fractured completeand partial denture, the variables were recorded: causes of denture fracture, thetype of fracture and the history of previous recurrent fractures.Results: Of 560 repaired denture 330 (59%) were complete dentures, 160 (30%) wereremovable partial denture, which were excluded from the study, and 70(10%) involved replacement of the teeth that had debonded from the denturebases. The ratio of upper to lower complete denture fractures was approximately2:1, most of the fractured dentures (65%) were those of males.Poor fit appeared to be the main cause of denture fracture 120 (20%), and poorocclusion was the second most common case recorded 50 (8%) .Midline fracturewas the most common type of fracture during the period of study 210(40%). Mostof fracture the fractured dentures 180 (32%) had previously been repaired once ormore.Conclusion: The total number of complete denture fractures was considerablyenhanced by repetitive fractures, which can be reduced by the application ofprosthetic principles in constructing and maintaining dentures particular during thelaboratory stages.Improvements in the processing techniques and the type of resin can reduce theincidence of denture fracture .Various polymers have been developed for use asdenture base resins to overcome some of the mechanical deficiencies ofpolymethylmethacrylate .
Special Spirals are Produced by the ROTASE Galactic Spiral Equations with the Sequential Prime Numbers
Authors: Pan Hongjun
Published: August 2022

In this paper, the sequential prime numbers are used as variables for the galactic spiral equations which were developed from the ROTASE model. Special spiral patterns are produced when prime numbers are treated with the unit of radian. The special spiral patterns produced with the first 1000 prime numbers have 20 spirals arranged in two groups. The two groups have perfect central symmetry with each other and are separated with two spiral gaps. The special spiral pattern produced with natural numbers from 1 to 7919 shows 6 spirals in the central area and 44 spirals in the outer area. The whole 7919 spiral points can be plotted with either 6-spiral pattern or 44-spiral pattern. The special spiral pattern is well explained with careful analysis, it is concluded that all prime numbers greater than 3 must meet one of the equations:
P1 = 1 + 6 * n (n > 0, n is an integer)
P5 = 5 + 6 * m (m ≥ 0, m is an integer)
Matching one of the equations is a necessary condition for a number to be a prime number, not a sufficient condition. Twin prime numbers can only be formed between P1 and P5 prime numbers, n must be 1 greater than m. The largest prime number is known at the moment 2^(82,589,933) – 1 is a P1 prime number.
Potential Effects of Wild Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum L.) Seed Extract Intervention on Oxidative Stress Induced by Busulfan Drug in Different Organs of Rats
Authors: Abd Elalal Nahed S. , Elsemelawy Samah A. , Elhassaneen Yousif A.
Published: August 2022

Chemotherapeutic agent, busulfan, induce oxidative stress as a mechanism to kill cancer cells, however, it may also cause oxidative stress in non-target tissues and thereby lead to normal tissue injury. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) has been used for centuries as a herbal drug. The present study was carried out to investigate the potential effects of wild Silybum marianum seed ethanol extract (SMSEE) intervention on oxidative stress induced by busulfan drug in different organs of Rats. For the study 42 rats were prepared and fed with special ration, then they were divided to 7 groups with 6 rats in each group: group 1, Normal control: healthy rats without intervention; group 2.control SMSEE, 400 mg/kg/day SMSEE; group 3, positive control group received 20 mg/kg/day busulfan, group 4, treated group received 20 mg/kg/day busulfan + 200 mg/kg/day SMSEE; group 5, treated group received 20 mg/kg/day busulfan+ 400 mg/kg/day SMSEE; group 6, treated group received 20 mg/kg/day busulfan + 600 mg/kg/day SMSEE; group 7, treated group received 20 mg/kg/day busulfan + 800 mg/kg/day SMSEE. The amount of oxidative stress parameters (ROS and MDA), glutathione fractions (GSH and GSSG), and antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px, GSH-Rd, SOD and CAT) in the different tissue extracts (liver, kidneys, heart, spleen, pancreas and testes) were measured. The results of this study showed that after busulfan treatment the levels of ROS and MDA were significantly (p≤0.05) increased and GSH, GSSG, GSH-Px, GSH-Rd, SOD and CAT were decreased in all studied organs. Treatment of busulfan administration rats with SMSEE leads to the opposite direction by different rates. In conclusion, the use of busulfan in rats administration induce oxidative stress in different organs and SMSEE had an preventive role through decreasing the ROS and the lipid peroxidation, and improvement the oxidative defense system. These results provide a basis for the use of Silybum marianum extracts as promising tools in the future for many important nutritional and therapeutic applications.
Das demandas formativas de docentes da educação básica ao compromisso da pesquisa com intervenção do mestrado profissional
Authors: Zwierewicz Marlene , Junges Lucineia Kotelak , Kampmann Marilise Edinéia dos Anjos Berres , González Velasco Juan Miguel
Published: August 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar se as atuais demandas formativas de docentes do Ensino Fundamental de municípios de Santa Catarina e do Paraná têm sido contempladas em pesquisas desenvolvidas no Mestrado Profissional em Educação Básica (PPGEB), em Caçador - SC. Com base na pesquisa comparativa e apoio nas pesquisas exploratória e bibliográfica e nas abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa, o estudo contou com a participação de 41 docentes atuantes nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental de quatro escolas públicas dos municípios de Rio do Oeste e Porto União (Santa Catarina) e União da Vitória (Paraná). Os resultados revelam que as pesquisas com intervenção analisadas se aproximam de demandas formativas dos participantes ao promover a participação e estimular o interesse dos estudantes, o trabalho colaborativo e o desenvolvimento de estratégias de inclusão. No entanto, observou-se a necessidade de fortalecer nas formações atividades que ampliem o uso de tecnologias digitais na educação.
Theoretical approaches to the study of the problem of self-development of future specialists
Authors: Pisarevskiy Konstantin , Kalney Valentina , Shishov Sergey
Published: August 2022

The problem of a person's creative self-realization, in the context of professional self-development, becomes more and more urgent every year, due to which the study of the concept of self-development, professional self-development is given great importance at the present time. This topic is represented by a wide range of multi-vector research, both fundamental and applied. Fundamental research is aimed at revealing the theoretical provisions and features of the process of professional self-development, at the same time, applied provisions provide specific practical tools that help a person realize their inner potential. In this regard, the problem of professional self-development is actualized, which manifests itself, on the one hand, in the integration of the individual into the system of professional relations, and on the other hand, in the implementation of professional functions, the formation of an individual professional style, and the search for ways of professional growth.
Educação emocional, formação humana e espiritualidade
Authors: Possebon Fabrício , Gonsalves  Possebon Elisa  Pereira , Dantas Taísa  Caldas
Published: August 2022

O objetivo do artigo é compreender as percepções dos docentes que integram a rede municipal de Queimadas-PB, sobre os impactos e mudanças na vida pessoal e profissional após terem participado da formação em Educação Emocional. A investigação está centrada na emergência de habilidades emocionais a partir da referida formação, buscando identificar possíveis relações entre Educação Emocional e Espiritualidade. A partir da abordagem qualitativa com enfoque fenomenológico, pode-se concluir que a formação em Educação Emocional causou efeitos positivos na vida dos sujeitos da pesquisa, especificamente no que se refere ao desenvolvimento de cinco habilidades: perceber as emoções sentidas; adquirir capacidade de diferenciar as emoções; desenvolver a reflexão crítica sobre as emoções; adquirir capacidade de pensar estrategicamente sobre as emoções visando o bem estar; e desenvolver a capacidade de vivenciar as emoções de forma saudável. Registrou-se que o desenvolvimento de tais habilidades também está relacionado com a dimensão espiritual dos sujeitos.
Developing awareness needs for students in universities in the process of implementing the "learning citizen" model in the context of globalization
Authors: Buithithu Hien
Published: August 2022

The university is a specialized center in education and human resource development, so it is necessary to create conditions for students to become regular learners, lifelong learners by developing their needs and motivations for learning and obtaining knowledge and skills for self-study. Developing awareness needs and forming self-study skills for students in universities is one of the most important conditions to contribute to building and deploying the "learning citizen" model. On the basis of practical assessment, consultation with experts, and study of guiding documents of the State, this study focuses on clarifying the need to develop cognitive needs for students in the field of education in universities to deploy and build a model of "learning citizen" in the context of globalization, that is formation, development of motivation, learning needs, individual cognitive needs, skills self-study, etc. From there, recommend solutions to develop this model in the future.
Serum vascular endothelial growth factor is associated with cardiovascular involvement and response to therapy in Erdheim-Chester disease
Authors: Roeser Anais , Bravetti Marine , Dong Lida , Azoulay Levi-Dan , Charlotte Frederic , Miyara Makoto , Ghillani-Dalbin Pascale , Emile Jean-Francois , El Kouari Fadwa , Ouni Hamza , Lacorte Jean-Marc , Brocheriou Isabelle , Amoura Zahir , Cohen-Aubart Fleur , Haroche Julien
Published: August 2022

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare histiocytosis, considered to be an inflammatory myeloid neoplasm. Tropism for specific involvements of the disease remains unexplained. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF) is implicated in cancer pathophysiology and mutations of the RAS oncogene have been shown to induce upregulation of VEGF gene expression. We therefore hypothesized that VEGF might play a particular role in ECD pathophysiology. We conducted a retrospective, single-center study to assess serum VEGF (sVEGF) concentrations and determine whether they were associated with the characteristics of ECD patients, and to determine whether VEGF was expressed by histiocytes. We evaluated 247 ECD patients, 53.4% of whom had sVEGF levels above the normal range (>500 pg/mL). Patients with high sVEGF levels more frequently had cardiac and vascular involvement (58.3% vs. 41.4%, P=0.008 and 70.5% vs. 48.3%, P=0.0004, respectively). In treatment-naïve patients (n=135), the association of C-reactive protein >5 mg/L and sVEGF >500 pg/mL was strongly associated with vascular involvement (odds ratio=5.54 [95% confidence interval: 2.39-13.62], P<0.001), and independently associated with cardiac involvement (odds ratio=3.18 [95% confidence interval: 1.34-7.83], P=0.010) after adjustment for the presence of the BRAF V600E mutation. Changes in sVEGF concentration on treatment were associated with a response of cardiac involvement on consecutive cardiac magnetic resonance images. All histological samples analyzed (n=24) displayed histiocytes with intracytoplasmic expression of VEGF, which was moderate to high in more than 90% of cases. Our study suggests a role for VEGF in cardiac and vascular involvement in ECD.
Signal peptide-CUB-EGF-like repeat-containing protein 1-promoted FLT3 signaling is critical for the initiation and maintenance of MLL-rearranged acute leukemia
Authors: Sahoo Binay K. , Lin Yuh-Charn , Tu Cheng-Fen , Lin Chien-Chin , Liao Wei-Ju , Li Fu-An , Li Ling-Hui , Mou Kurt Yun , Roffler Steve R. , Wang Shu-Ping , Yeh Chi-Tai , Yao Chi-Yuan , Hou Hsin-An , Chou Wen-Chien , Tien Hwei-Fang , Yang Ruey-Bing
Published: August 2022

A hallmark of mixed lineage leukemia gene-rearranged (MLL-r) acute myeloid leukemia that offers an opportunity for targeted therapy is addiction to protein tyrosine kinase signaling. One such signal is the receptor tyrosine kinase Fms-like receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) upregulated by cooperation of the transcription factors homeobox A9 (HOXA9) and Meis homeobox 1 (MEIS1). Signal peptide-CUB-EGF-like repeat-containing protein (SCUBE) family proteins have previously been shown to act as a co-receptor for augmenting signaling activity of a receptor tyrosine kinase (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor receptor). However, whether SCUBE1 is involved in the pathological activation of FLT3 during MLL-r leukemogenesis remains unknown. Here we first show that SCUBE1 is a direct target of HOXA9/MEIS1 that is highly expressed on the MLL-r cell surface and predicts poor prognosis in de novo acute myeloid leukemia. We further demonstrate, by using a conditional knockout mouse model, that Scube1 is required for both the initiation and maintenance of MLL-AF9-induced leukemogenesis in vivo. Further proteomic, molecular and biochemical analyses revealed that the membrane-tethered SCUBE1 binds to the FLT3 ligand and the extracellular ligand-binding domains of FLT3, thus facilitating activation of the signal axis FLT3-LYN (a non-receptor tyrosine kinase) to initiate leukemic growth and survival signals. Importantly, targeting surface SCUBE1 by an anti-SCUBE1 monomethyl auristatin E antibody-drug conjugate led to significantly decreased cell viability specifically in MLL-r leukemia. Our study indicates a novel function of SCUBE1 in leukemia and unravels the molecular mechanism of SCUBE1 in MLL-r acute myeloid leukemia. Thus, SCUBE1 is a potential therapeutic target for treating leukemia caused by MLL rearrangements.
The implementation of the integrated performance assessment (IPA) model to improve English students' speaking skills
Authors: Kurniawan Ildi , Sabaruddin Syafrizal , Lubis Azhar Aziz
Published: August 2022

This study aims to analyze the extent to which the application of the IPA model could improve Indonesian students’ speaking skill, especially speaking skills for discussion course. It was classroom action research in which the stages of its activities include planning, implementation, evaluation, and reflection. This research’s subjects were the third semester English Department University of Bengkulu.  The researchers only took four cycles as the data of the research. Qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed to find a valid conclusion. The results show that the application of the IPA model improved the basic skills of students’ speaking skills in class.  It can be seen from the improvement in almost every cycle. The mean score in cycle 1 was 80, followed by 80.3 in cycle 2, but slightly decreased in cycle 3 with a mean score of 79.6 and got higher again in cycle 4 with a mean score of 82. Internal and external factors also contribute to the students’ speaking skills.
Self-control as an important factor affecting the online learning readiness of Vietnamese medical and health students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a network analysis
Authors: Nguyen Minh Tu , Tran Binh Thang , Nguyen Thanh Gia , Phan Minh Tri , Luong Thi Thu Tham , Le Dinh Duong
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The current study aimed to use network analysis to investigate medical and health students’ readiness for online learning during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University.Methods: A questionnaire survey on the students’ readiness for online learning was performed using a Google Form from May 13 to June 22, 2021. In total, 1,377 completed responses were eligible for analysis out of 1,411 participants. The network structure was estimated for readiness scales with 6 factors: computer skills, internet skills, online communication, motivation, self-control, and self-learning. Data were fitted using a Gaussian graphical model with the extended Bayesian information criterion.Results: In 1,377 students, a network structure was identified with 6 nodes and no isolated nodes. The top 3 partial correlations were similar in networks for the overall sample and subgroups of gender and grade levels. The self-control node was the strongest for the connection to others, with the highest nodal strength. The change of nodal strength was greatest in online communication for both gender and grade levels. The correlation stability coefficient for nodal strength was achieved for all networks.Conclusion: These findings indicated that self-control was the most important factor in students’ readiness network structures for online learning. Therefore, self-control needs to be encouraged during online learning to improve the effectiveness of achieving online learning outcomes for students.
Investigation of turbulence production and dissipation due to isotropic and anisotropic roughness components on real surfaces
Authors: Ahrens Jan , Kurth Sebastian , Cengiz Kenan , Wein Lars , Seume Joerg
Published: August 2022

Roughness generally consists of structures that are either oriented anisotropic in directions tangential to the surface or isotropic, or a superposition of both components. Interactions between the roughness elements exert a significant influence on the fluid mechanical losses. Cost-effective maintenance of the functionality of the surfaces of aerodynamically relevant components such as blades requires the quantitative prediction of the influence on the flow, which can be achieved through Reynolds-Averaged-Navier-Stokes Simulations (RANS). An established roughness parameter used to model the influence on the flow is the equivalent sand grain roughness ks. By contrast, the research presented here employs Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) with Immersed Boundary Method (IBM) of channel flows over anisotropic, isotropic, and superimposed surfaces in order to investigate the aerodynamic losses, for example, due to turbulent production and dissipation. The simulation results show that the equivalent sand grain roughness does not correctly predict flow losses from anisotropic and superimposed surfaces, because in reality, the “angle of attack” with respect to the anisotropic structures changes the turbulence due to altered turbulent production and dissipation. A non-linear relationship between the flow resistance and this angle of attack is a result of local changes in pressure gradients.
Excise taxation of energy products and electricity: practice and challenges of war
Authors:   West Ukrainian National University, GERCHAKIVSKY Sviatoslav
Published: August 2022

The peculiarities of legal support of excise taxation of energy products in the EU and Ukraine are investigated, in particular, the basic Directives of the Council of the EU in the field of specific excise taxation: Council Directive 2008/118/EC on the general excise duty regime Council Directive 2011/64/EU on the structure and rates of excise duty on tobacco products Council Directive 92/83/EEC on the harmonisation of excise duty structures on alcohol and alcoholic beverages; Council Directive 2003/96/EC on the restructuring of the Community system on the taxation of energy and electricity products and the Tax Code of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine “On the Electricity Market”. A comparative analysis of the excise tax rates on some energy products for the period before the termination or cancellation of martial law in the territory of Ukraine and those that were in effect before the introduction of martial law has been carried out. Attention is focused on the legislative peculiarities of the introduction of excise taxation of electricity in Ukraine and the fulfillment of Ukraine's obligations under the Treaty establishing the Energy Community and the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU on the implementation of acts of energy community legislation in the field of energy. The practice of collecting excise tax on electricity has been characterized, according to which during 2018-2020 the state budget received about UAH 13 billion of excise tax on electricity. The results of the activities of controlling bodies to ensure the completeness and timeliness of excise tax revenues on electricity have been analyzed, it was clarified that the work on providing explanations to taxpayers on the correctness of tax reporting (excise tax declarations) was not ensured. The factors influencing the implementation of Council Directive No. 2003/96/EC in Ukraine under martial law and post-war recovery are identified, in particular, the priority of protecting the Ukrainian energy market and minimizing the provision of energy products from the aggressor countries – the Russian Federation and Belarus; the need to expand energy and resource efficient technologies in the context of joining the European energy system ENTSO-E; postwar restoration of power grids etc. The problematic aspects and directions of ensuring harmonization of tax legislation of the EU and Ukraine in the field of excise taxation of energy products and electricity, which included mental, political, socio-economic, institutional and taxation, are outlined.
Single electronic format of non-financial reporting
Authors:   SESE “The Academy of Financial Management”, KORNIEIEVA Iuliia
Published: August 2022

The article highlights the EU experience on gradual introduction of a non-financial reporting system in a single electronic format. The article analyzes the processes of transformation of disclosure requirements in the field of environmental and social impact of economic entities, as well as corporate governance (Environmental Social Governance, ESG), enshrined in the Non-Financial Reporting Directive 2014/95/EU (NFRD) and presented in the draft of the new Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD). The author describes advantages and disadvantages, strengths and weaknesses of the process of forming the modern architecture of ESG reporting in the EU, which is based on the requirement to transmit information in electronic format XHTML (eXtensibleBusiness Reporting Language) in accordance with the regulations of the EuropeanSingle Electronic Format (ESEF). The main advantages of CSRD are defined as follows :1) mandatory reporting - as common reporting structure for non-financial data is established at the legislative level so the data manipulation and use of SDG-washing and Cherry-picking practices will be reduced; 2) sustainability-related data disclosure on regular basis – strict requirement for annual reporting; 3) accuracy and completeness of sustainability-related information disclosure - bridging gaps in non-financial reporting; 4) saving company time and resources needed to be spend on reporting - reduction of the number of indicators, deduplication and unification of reporting forms. It is substantiated that the transition to a single electronic format of non-financial reporting over time willexpand Ukraine's investment potential during the postwar recovery.
Conceptual problems of non-financial reporting in science
Authors:   SESE “The Academy of Financial Management”, KUKOBA Andriy , SHUMEYKO Olena ,   SESE “The Academy of Financial Management”
Published: August 2022

In any research, the most important is the formation of a logical and grounded theoretical basis, which uses a clear understanding apparatus. This also applies to the research of the processes of non-financial reporting of different participants of public relations, which is a subject not only for the current, but also for many other studies. It has been found that among a large number of scientific publications concerning the preparation of non-financial reports a significant share of the author’s interpretation of the concept of “non-financial reporting” is given. At the same time, they have all the essence mainly related to such synonyms as: corporate social reporting, socially responsible reporting, social reporting, social environmental reporting, etc. In this context, the analysis of a large number of information sources concluded that the concept of “non-financial reporting”, which actualizes research and development on this problem, is essentially fragmented in the definitions. A significant conceptual apparatus gap causes many misunderstandings and problems that are not always possible to solve by means of contextual analysis. The expediency of the conceptual clarification of the concept of "non-financial reporting" is substantiated through the etymological analysis of the used word combinations and their reconstruction and separation of similar concepts from each other. In addition to the need to conceptualize conceptual apparatus, it is determined that it is appropriate to develop a methodology for recording the results of scientific institutions’ activities, which would take into account data that can be used for the calculation of GRI indicators. These indicators are necessary for the preparation of reports on the sustainable development of scientific institutions for their use in order to increase transparency of the activities of these institutions, as well as increase the inflow of investments while increasing the level of trust and positive attitude of interested persons.
EVALUATION OF IN VITRO EFFECTIVENESS OF SELECTED FUNGICIDES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF EARLY BLIGHT OF TOMATO CAUSED BY ALTERNARIA SOLANI IN ETHIOPIA
Authors: Ayana Getachew , Gabrekiristos Endriyas
Published: August 2022

Tomato is one of the most popular vegetables grown throughout the world in general and in Ethiopia in particular. Production of the crop is constrained by different diseases and the disease caused by the early blight pathogen, Alternaria solani, is among the major ones. Early blight has been considered as commonly occurring and causing a significant economic impact on the yield and quality of the crops. Major tomato diseases in general and early blight, in particular, could be best managed by integrating a number of control practices and the application of fungicides. The application of fungicides is the most convenient and predominant way for disease control in the absence of resistant varieties. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of some selected fungicides with the objectives to assess in vitro efficacy of fungicides on the growth and sensitivity of pathogens, in vitro tolerance of pathogens to fungicides, and their effectiveness as potential foliar sprays against A. solani. A. solani was isolated from tomatoes showing typical early blight symptoms. Five fungicides viz. URGI 75% WP, Carbancholar 50%, Orozole 25 EC, Agro Laxyl MZ 63.5 WP, and Mancodex Super 72 WP were tested against the pathogen using poisoned food technique. The highest percentage reduction in the growth of A. solani was recorded with Orozole 25 EC followed by Agro Laxyl MZ 63.5 WP resulting in 100% and 56.5% inhibition in mycelial growth respectively. On the other hand, Carbancholar 50% was found the least effective in reducing the mycelial growth of A. Solani. Fungicides that showed better in vitro efficacy could be further tested for their efficacies under field conditions and can be verified for economic validity. The study also showed the potential effectiveness of fungicides for the management of early blight on tomatoes.