bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENTROPY PRODUCED IN 35MeV/u40Ar+197Au HEAVY ION REACTIONS
Authors: WEI ZHI-YONG  , DUAN LI-MIN  , WU HE-YU  , JIN GEN-MING  , LI ZU-YU  , ZHU YONG-TAI  , XI HONG-FEI  , SHEN WEN-QING  , XIAO ZHI-GANG  , WANG HONG-WEI  , ZHANG BAO-GUO  , LIU YONG-YING  , WANG SU-FANG  , HU RONG-JIANG  ,   (1)中国科学院近代物理研究所,兰州730000; (2)中国科学院上海原子核研究所,上海201800
Published: December 2020

Light charged particles emitted from the reactions of 35MeV/u 40Ar+197Au are measured experimentally. A new observable,R=d/(d+t+3He+4He), which is defined as the reduced yield of deuterons, has a monotone relation with the entropy and it is independent of the breakup density (ρ/ρ0) and N/Z of the system. The entropy values are extracted by using several methods which use the d/p ratios,dlike/plike ratios, reduced yield of isotope deuterons R and the reduced multiplicity of charged particles Mred, respectively. The entropy values from the reduced yield of isotope deuterons R and the reduced multiplicity of charged particles Mred are nearly the same. These methods can be used in low beam energy heavy ion reactions. The charged particles emitted in rear angles are mainly from an equilibrium-state source with temperature about 4.7±1.2MeV, which are extracted from the double isotope yields ratios, and entropy S/A=2.5±0.5.This implies that the Break-up density is slightly less than 0.1(ρ/ρ0).
CONFIGURATION OF MAGNETIC FIELDS INDUCED BY SUPERTHERMAL ELECTRONS
Authors: CHEN ZHENG-LIN  , ZHANG JIE  ,   中国科学院物理研究所光物理开放实验室,北京100080
Published: December 2020

Charge separation electric fields and magnetic fields induced by superthermal electrons escaped from plasmas have been evaluated using a very simple model. The magnitude and configuration of magnetic fields have been obtained. Generally, the circular-shaped magnetic fields are weak because of the charge separation electric field and the followed finite number of the escaped superthermal electrons, and they are mainly distributed in laser focus near the surface of the plasma because of the transverse motion of the escaped superthermal electrons. Only when the electron current is very strong (about kA through the cross-section with 1μm radius),can a megagauss magnetic field be obtained.
LOCAL STRUCTURES OF MECHANICALLY ALLOYED Fe100-xCux SOLID SOLUTIONS STUDIED BY X-RAY ABSORPTION FINE STRUCTURE
Authors: YAN WEN-SHENG  , FAN JIANG-WEI  , LI YU-ZHI  , CUI HONG-BIN  , LIU WEN-HAN  , ZHANG XIN-YI  , WEI SHI-QIANG  ,   (1)中国科学技术大学国家同步辐射实验室,合肥230029; (2)中国科学技术大学国家同步辐射实验室,合肥230029;中国科学技术大学物理系,天文与应用物理系,合肥230026; (3)中国科学技术大学结构分析开放实验室,合肥230026; (4)中国科学技术大学物理系,天文与应用物理系,合肥230026
Published: December 2020

The local structures of the immiscible Fe100-xCux alloys (x=0,10,20,40,60,80 and 100)produced by mechanical alloying have been investigated by XAFS.For the Fe100-xCux(x≥40) alloys,the local structures around Fe atoms change from bcc structure to fcc one,and the Cu atoms maintain the original coordination geometry after milling for 160 h. On the contrary, the local structures around Cu atoms in both Fe80 Cu20and Fe90 Cu10 alloys appears a transition from fcc to bcc structure.We found that the disorder factor σ(0.0099nm)of fcc Fe—Cu phase is larger than that (0.0081nm) of bcc Fe—Cu phase,and the σ(0.0099nm) around Fe atoms is larger than that (0.0089nm) of Cu in the Fe100-xCux(x≥40) alloys. This suggests that the mechanically alloyed Fe100-xCux alloys is not a homogeneous supersaturated solid solution,but consists of Fe-rich and Cu-rich regions for various compositions.A possible mechanism for bcc-to-fcc and fcc-to-bcc changes in Fe100-xCux alloys is discussed in relation to the interdiffusion and transition induced by the ball milling.
INFRAREDPHOTOCONDUCTIVITYSPECTRAOFDEEPLEVELS IN Zn0.04Cd0.96Te
Authors: YUAN XIAN-ZHANG  , PEI HUI-YUAN  , LU WEI  , LI NING  , SHI GUO-LIANG  , FANG JIA-XIONG  , SHEN XUE-CHU  ,   中国科学院上海技术物理研究所红外物理国家重点实验室,上海200083
Published: December 2020

The infrared photoconductivity spectroscopy has been employed to investigate the deep levels in semi-insulating p-type Zn0.04Cd0.96Te. At the temperature ranging between 4.2 and 165K, photoconductivity peaks at 0.24,0.34,0.38,0.47,0.55 and 0.80eV are observed. In conjunction with the photoluminescence measurement of the sample at 4.2K, the characteristics of the deep levels related to the photoconductivity peaks are discussed.
CONTROL OF THE SURFACE REACTIONS DURING THE LOW-TEMPERATURE GROWTH OF POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON FILMS
Authors: HE DE-YAN  ,   兰州大学物理系,兰州730000
Published: December 2020

Polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) thin films were prepared by a remote microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique at low temperatures using SiF4and H2 as reactive gases.It was found that the impact of the charged particles in the plasma on the growing surface significantly affects the surface reactions and the crystallinity of the resultant films.By applying the bias on the substrates to decelerate the particles,high-quality poly-Si films, with hydrogen content less than 0.9 at% and the FWHM of 520 cm-1 Raman peak as narrow as 4.4 cm-1,have been obtained at a low temperature of 360℃.
STUDY ON α-C∶F FILMS DEPOSITED BY ELECTRON CYCLOTRONRESONANCE PLASMA CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION
Authors: YE CHAO  , NING ZHAO-YUAN  , CHENG SHAN-HUA  , KANG JIAN  ,   苏州大学物理系,苏州215006
Published: December 2020

Amorphous fluorinated carbon (α-C∶F) films with F/C ratios between 0.11 and 0.62 are prepared by microwave electron cyclotron resonance plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition using trifluoromethane (CHF3) and benzene (C6H6) as source gases.The effect of microwave input powers on the deposition rates,F/C ratios and the bond configurations of films is analyzed by film thickness measured, Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis.The increase of microwave power results in the increase of deposition rate,the decrease of F/C ratios,and the abundance of CF and CF3 groups of the films.The abundance of CF2 groups almost does not vary as microwave power increases.The films are mainly composed of CF2 groups and CC bonds can be obtained at higher microwave power.The frequency dependence of ε(1×103—1×106Hz) and tan δ(1×102—1×105Hz)all follow a power law.The electron polarization is the main contributor to dielectric polarization of film.
THE CHARACTER AND APPLICATION OF THE SMASHED ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE
Authors: ZHU YONG-QIANG  , WANG YU  , SHEN BIN-BIN  , HONG XIN-FENG  , LIANG ZI-CHANG  ,   复旦大学物理系,上海200433
Published: December 2020

The smashed electromagnetic wave is a new electromagnetic wave, which is transmitted by the transfinite sources with the transfinite phases in a part area. It has a much different character from the general electromagnetic wave, its wave character is nearly disappeared. So its transmission through a conductor almost is enhanced by a hundred times, and this transmission is achieved by particle diffusion. It has a character to keep its initial resting place on the earth, thus its movement willbe in the opposite direction of that of a moving carrier.
ADAPTIVE CONTROL FOR A CLASS OF CHAOTIC SYSTEMS WITH UNCERTAIN PARAMETERS
Authors: LI ZHI  , HAN CHONG-ZHAO  ,   西安交通大学电信学院,西安710049
Published: December 2020

A novel adaptive control method is proposed for a class of chaotic systems with uncertain parameters,based on Lyaponov function.Using the presented method,a controller is developed,which can remove chaos in nonlinear systems and make the system asymptotically stabilizing to any desired smooth orbit.The controller is directly constructed by analytic formula without knowing unknown bounds about uncertain parameters in advance.Computer simulation example is given to validate the proposed approach.
DYNAMIC SCALING OF THE NONLOCAL LAI-DAS SARMA-VILLAIN EQUATION 
Authors: TANG GANG  , MA BEN-KUN  ,   (1)北京师范大学物理系和理论物理研究所,北京100875; (2)北京师范大学物理系和理论物理研究所,北京100875;中国矿业大学物理系,徐州221008
Published: December 2020

The scaling properties of the nonlocal Lai-Das Sarma-Villain equation are studied by using dynamic renormalization-group(DRG) analysis and scaling approach,respectively.The DRG analysis shows that the nonlocal nature of the nonlinear term can produce new fixed points with continuously varying exponents, depending on both the nonlocal interaction parameter ρ and the substrate dimension d.The scaling exponents in both weak- and strong-coupling regions are obtained by scaling approach.The exponents obtained in the weak-coupling region well match the results of the DRG analysis.
LUMPED METHOD FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF LASER ABSORPTANCE OF MATERIALS 
Authors: LIN XIU-CHUAN  , SHAO TIAN-MIN  ,   清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室,北京100084
Published: December 2020

The research for the absorptance of materials is significant to the development of laser material processing.The measurement method is the foundation of the absorptance research.In this paper the lumped method based on heat transfer is established for the absorptance of laser,and the measuring apparatus is also built up.As examples,the absorptance of laser is measured for several ordinary engineering materials.
COLLOIDAL AMORPHOUS CRYSTAL WITH A QUASI-COMPLETE PHOTONIC BAND GAP 
Authors: HE YONG-JUN  , SU HUI-MIN  , TANG FANG-QIONG  , DONG PENG  , WANG HE-ZHOU  ,   (1)石油大学重质油加工国家重点实验室,北京102200; (2)中国科学院感光化学研究所,北京100101; (3)中山大学超快速激光与光谱学国家重点实验室,广州510275; (4)中山大学超快速激光与光谱学国家重点实验室,广州510275;广东省电力集团公司通信中心,广州510600
Published: December 2020

The experimental results demonstrate that an amorphous colloidal crystal possesses a quasi-complete photonic band gap. The bandwidth and the wavelength of the forbidden gap in the amorphous crystal do not change along with the variation of the incident angle. The bandwidth of the stop band is much larger than that in the silica colloidal single crystal. The results also show that quasi-complete photonic band gap can be observed in an amorphous colloidal crystal with a low refractive index. The quasi-complete photonic band gap results from the fact that the symmetry of lattice is decreased in amorphous colloidal crystal.
ANALYTICAL EXPRESSION OF SECOND-ORDER AND THIRD ORDER DISPERSIONS IN THREE-ELEMENT RESONATOR USED FOR KERR LENS MODE-LOCKING 
Authors: ZHANG RUO-BING  , SUN JING-HUA  , PANG DONG-QING  , CHAI LU  , WANG QING-YUE  ,   天津大学精仪学院超快激光研究室,教育部光电信息技术科学重点实验室,天津300072
Published: December 2020

In this paper,we give an analytical expression of second-and third-order dispersions for three-element cavity.The variations of the second- and third-order dispersions owing to the changing of Ti:Al2O3 crystal and prismatic output coupler are calculated.The results provide a theoretical basis for the design of three-element cavity.
STUDY OF ENERGY-TRANSFER INTERACTIONS BETWEEN Eu3+ IONS IN Y2O3 NANOCRYSTALS 
Authors: LI DAN  , Lü SHAO-ZHE  , CHEN BAO-JIU  , WANG HAI-YU  , TANG BO  , ZHANG JIA-HUA  , HOU SHANG-GONG  , HUANG SHI-HUA  ,   (1)中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,长春130021; (2)中国科学院激发态物理开放实验室,长春13002; (3)中国科学院激发态物理开放实验室,长春13002;中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所长春130021; (4)中国科学院激发态物理开放实验室,长春13002;中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所长春130021;北京大学稀土材料化学及应用国家重点实验室,北京100871
Published: December 2020

The exchange interaction is considered to play the dominant role in the quenching of 5D0—7F2 emission of Eu3+ in Y2O3 nanocrystals.Luminescence decay curves of 5D0-7F2 of Eu3+ in two sizes of nanocrystals were measured.We fit the luminescence decay curve by the Inokuti-Hirayama theory.The efficiencies of energy transfer of exchange interaction were calculated.The difference between theoretical and experimental curves of efficiency was analyzed.
DYNAMICAL TRANSITION AND TRICRITICAL POINTS OF 3D KINETIC ISING SPIN SYSTEM 
Authors: SHAO YUAN-ZHI  , LAN TU  , LIN GUANG-MING  ,   中山大学物理系,凝聚态物理研究所,广州510275
Published: December 2020

The dynamic phase transition has been studied in the three-dimensional kinetic Ising model in the presence of a time-varying(sinusoidal)magnetic field by Monte Carlo simulation.The nature of the transition is characterized by studying the distribution of the order parameter.The system is in contact with an isothermal heat bath at temperature T.We varied the magnitude of the magnetic field,keeping the frequency of the magnetic field unchanged.For the lower values of the environment temperature the transition is discontinuous and it is continuous for higher values of the environment temperature,indicating the existence of a tricritical point (TCP) on the phase boundary.The TCP shifts towards higher temperature region with the decrease of frequency.i.e:TTCP=1.33×e(-ω/30.7)
STRUCTURAL TRANSITION IN ORGANIC THIN FILMS FOR NANOMETER SCALE DATA RECORDING
Authors: SHI DONG-XIA  , BA DE-CHUN  , PANG SHI-JIN  , SONG YAN-LIN  , GAO HONG-JUN  ,   (1)东北大学机械工程与自动化学院,沈阳110006; (2)中国科学院化学研究所分子科学中心,北京100080; (3)中国科学院物理研究所和凝聚态物理中心北京真空物理开放实验室,北京100080
Published: December 2020

Nanometer scale data recording has been achieved on p-nitrobenzonitrile thin films using scanning tunneling microscopy.When a series of voltage pulse is applied between the STM tip and the highly ordered pyrolytic graphite substrate, structural transition at molecular scale has been observed directly for PNBN thin films.The recording mechanism is attributed to local structural transition at molecular scale,i.e.,from a crystalline state to a disordered one.The former corresponds to a high electrical resistance,and the latter to a low resistance.
一维无序体系电子跳跃导电研究
Authors: Xu Hui  , Song Wei-Pu  , Li Xin-Mei  ,   中南大学应用物理系,长沙410083;
Published: December 2020

Ａｃｏｎｄｕｃｔａｎｃｅｍｏｄｅｌｏｆｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｔｕｎｎｅｌｉｎｇｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｉｓｓｅｔｕｐ,ａｎｄａｎｅｗＤ .Ｃｃｏｎｄｕｃｔａｎｃｅｆｏｒｍｕｌａｉｎｏｎｅ ｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌｄｉｓｏｒｄｅｒｅｄｓｙｓｔｅｍｉｓｄｅｒｉｖｅｄ .ＢｙｃａｌｃｕｌａｔｉｎｇｔｈｅＤ .Ｃｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ,ｔｈｅｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐａｍｏｎｇｔｈｅｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｆｉｅｌｄ、ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅａｎｄｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｖｉｔｙｉｓａｎａｌｙｚｅｄ ,ａｎｄｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｄｉｓｏｒｄｅｒｅｄｄｅｇｒｅｅｏｎｔｈｅＤ .Ｃｃｏｎｄｕｃｔａｎｃｅｉｓｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄ .Ｔｈｅｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｈｏｗｓｔｈａｔｔｈｅｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｖｉｔｙｏｆａｄｉｓｏｒｄｅｒｅｄｓｙｓｔｅｍｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅｓｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｏｆｄｉｓｏｒｄｅｒｅｄｄｅｇｒｅｅ.Ｗｈｅｎｔｈｅｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｆｉｅｌｄｉｓｗｅａｋ ,ｉｔｓｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｖｉｔｙｉｓｈｉｇｈａｎｄｈａｓａｓｅｒｉｅｓｏｆｐｅａｋｖａｌｕｅｓ.Ｈｅｗｅｖｅｒ,ｗｈｅｎｔｈｅｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｆｉｅｌｄｉｓｓｔｒｏｎｇ,ｉｔｓｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｖｉｔｙｉｓｗｅａｋ.Ｉｎｔｈｅｌｏｗ ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｒｅｇｉｏｎ,ｔｈｅｄｉｓｏｒｄｅｒｅｄｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｈｏｗｓａｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｏｆｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｉａｌｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｃｅｏｆｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅａｎｄｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ.Ｏｎｔｈｅｃｏｎｔｒａｒｙ,ｉｔｓｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｖｉｔｙｄｅｃｒｅａｓｅｓｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｒｉｓｅｏｆｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｉｎｔｈｅｈｉｇｈ ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｒｅｇｉｏｎ.Ｔｈｉｓｒｅｓｕｌｔｉｓｉｎｇｏｏｄａｇｒｅｅｍｅｎｔｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔｓ.
Sb掺杂SrTio3透明导电薄膜的光电子能谱研究
Authors: Cui Da-Fu  , Wang Huan-Hua  , Dao Shou-Yu  , Zhou Yue-Liang  , ＣｈｅｎＺｈｅｎｇ Ｈａｏ  , Yang Guo-Zheng  , Liu Feng-Qin  , Ｋ .Ｉｂｒａｈｉｍ  , Qian  Hai-Jie  ,   (1)中国科学院高能物理研究所北京同步辐射试验室 ,北京　 1 0 0 0 3 9; (2)中国科学院物理研究所与凝聚态物理中心光物理试验室 ,北京　 1 0 0 0 80
Published: December 2020

ＯｐｔｉｃａｌｌｙｔｒａｎｓｐａｒｅｎｔＳｂ ｄｏｐｅｄＳｒＴｉＯ3 (SrTi1-xSbxO3 )ｔｈｉｎｆｉｌｍｓｗｉｔｈａｔｒａｎｓｍｉｔｔａｎｃｅｈｉｇｈｅｒｔｈａｎ 90 %ｉｎｖｉｓｉｂｌｅｒｅｇｉｏｎ
ｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｇｒｏｗｎｏｎＳｒＴｉＯ3 (0 0 1 )ｓｕｂｓｔｒａｔｅｓｂｙｐｕｌｓｅｄｌａｓｅｒｄｅｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｍｅｔｈｏｄｕｓｉｎｇａｎＸｅＣｌｌａｓｅｒｕｎｄｅｒｏｘｙｇｅｎｐａｒｔｉａｌｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅｏｆ2 0Ｐａ.ＴｈｅｔｈｉｎｆｉｌｍｗｉｔｈＳｂｄｏｐｉｎｇｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆｘ=0 .0 5ｓｈｏｗｓｍｅｔａｌｌｉｃ ｌｉｋｅｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｖｉｔｙｗｉｔｈａｒｅｓｉｓｔｉｖｉｔｙρ～ 6.99×1 0 -3 Ω·ｃｍａｔｒｏｏｍｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ.ＸＰＳａｎｄｓｙｎｃｈｒｏｔｒｏｎｒａｄｉａｔｉｏｎｐｈｏｔｏｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｓｐｅｃｔｒｏｓｃｏｐｙ (ＳＲ ＰＥＳ)ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔｆｒｏｍｔｈｅＳｒＴｉ0 . 95Ｓｂ0 .0 5Ｏ3 ｔｈｉｎｆｉｌｍｒｅｖｅａｌｓｔｈａｔｔｈｅｓｈａｌｌｏｗａｎｄｄｅｅｐｉｍｐｕｒｉｔｙｄｏｎｏｒｌｅｖｅｌｓｗｉｔｈｉｎｔｈｅｂａｎｄｇａｐｏｆｔｈｅｐａｒｅｎｔｃｏｍｐｏｕｎｄＳｒＴｉＯ3 ａｒｅｉｎｄｕｃｅｄｂｙｔｈｅＳｂｄｏｐｉｎｇ.ＴｈｅｄｅｌｏｃａｌｉｚｅｄｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｓｗｉｔｈｉｎｔｈｅｓｈａｌｌｏｗｌｅｖｅｌｓｎｅａｒｔｈｅＦｅｒｍｉｌｅｖｅｌｃａｎｂｅｅｘｃｉｔｅｄｔｏｔｈｅｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｂａｎｄａｓｆｒｅｅｃａｒｒｉｅｒｓｆｏｒｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃａｌｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｂｙｔｈｅｒｍａｌｉｏｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎ.Ｔｈｅｗｉｄｅｂａｎｄｇａｐ ,ｓｍａｌｌｔｒａｎｓｉｔｉｏｎｐｒｏｂａｂｉｌｉｔｙａｎｄｗｅａｋａｂｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎｄｕｅｔｏｔｈｅｌｏｗｄｅｎｓｉｔｙｏｆｓｔａｔｅｓｉｎｔｈｅｉｍｐｕｒｉｔｙｌｅｖｅｌｓｒｅｓｕｌｔｉｎｔｈｅｏｐｔｉｃａｌｔｒａｎｓｐａｒｅｎｃｙｏｆｔｈｅｆｉｌｍ .
均匀密度零压星的完整的引力解
Authors: Chen Guang  ,   汕头大学工学院,汕头515063
Published: December 2020

ＴｈｅｃｏｌｌａｐｓｅｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｆａｓｔａｒｗｉｔｈｕｎｉｆｏｒｍｄｅｎｓｉｔｙａｎｄｚｅｒｏｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅｇｉｖｅｎｉｎｔｈｅｃｌａｓｓｉｃｐａｐｅｒｏｆＯｐｐｅｎｈｅｉｍｅｒａｎｄＳｎｙｄｅｒｉｓｐｒｏｖｅｄｔｏｂｅｉｎｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅ;ｉｔｃａｎｎｏｔｃｏｒｒｅｃｔｌｙｃｏｎｎｅｃｔｔｈｅＦｒｉｅｄｍａｎｎａｎｄＳｃｈｗａｒｚｓｃｈｉｌｄｍｅｔｒｉｃｓａｓｔｈｅｉｎｔｅｒｉｏｒａｎｄｅｘｔｅｒｉｏｒｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｓ.Ｂｙｔｈｅｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｏｎｏｆｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｉｎｔｈｅｄｉｓｃｒｅｔｅｓｐａｃｅｔｉｍｅ,ｗｅｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔａｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅｇｒａｖｉｔａｔｉｏｎａｌｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ ,ｗｈｉｃｈｃｏｕｌｄｍａｋｅａｎｅｑｕｉｖａｌｅｎｃｅｃｏｎｎｅｃｔｉｏｎｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｔｈｅＦｒｉｅｄｍａｎｎａｎｄＳｃｈｗａｒｚｓｃｈｉｌｄｍｅｔｒｉｃｓａｎｄｉｓｐｒｏｖｅｓｔｏｂｅｓｉｎｇｕｌａｒｉｔｙ ｆｒｅｅ.Ｔｈｅｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｓｈｏｗｓｔｈａｔｔｈｅｒｅｅｘｉｓｔｓａｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐａｍｏｎｇｍａｔｔｅｒ,ｇｒａｖｉｔａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｄｉｓｃｒｅｔｅｓｐａｃｅｔｉｍｅｃｏｎｆｉｇｕｒａｔｉｏｎ .
冷凝器滴状冷凝的动态描述及接触角的选择
Authors: Cao Zhi-Jue  ,   湖南师范大学物理系,长沙410081;中南大学应用物理与热能工程系,长沙410083
Published: December 2020

Ｄｙｎａｍｉｃｄｅｓｃｒｉｐｔｉｏｎｉｓｇｉｖｅｎｏｆｔｈｅｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａｏｆｄｒｏｐｌｅｔｃｏｎｄｅｎｓａｔｉｏｎ .Ｔｈｅｃｈａｎｇｅｏｆｔｈｅｃｈｅｍｉｃｌｐｏｌｅｎｔｉａｌｉｓｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄｆｏｒｔｗｏｔｙｐｅｓｏｆｌｉｑｕｉｄｄｒｏｐｌｅｔｓ.ＴｈｅｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｆｏｒｔｈｅＢｒｏｗｎａｇｇｒｅｇａｔｉｏｎｔｏｏｃｃｕｒｉｓａｌｓｏｏｂｔａｉｎｅｄ .Ｃｏｍｂｉｎｉｎｇａｌｌｔｈｅｓｅｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｄｒｏｐｏｆｆｒａｄｉｕｓ,ｔｈｅｏｐｔｉｍａｌｃｏｍｔａｃｔａｎｇｌｅｃａｎｔｈｅｎｂｅｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｄ.
Conversion method between port field and internal field of electromagnetic device based on time-reversal technique
Authors: Chen Chuan-Sheng , Wang Bing-Zhong , Wang Ren ,   Institute of Applied Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
Published: December 2020

With the integration of electromagnetic devices, the modules that make up into the devices and the functions that the devices needed to achieve are becoming more and more diverse. The coupling between the modules is difficult to ignore, the difficulty in designing increases sharply, and the traditional design methods gradually become incompetent. It is urgent to find a new comprehensive electromagnetic design method. This paper is to use the spatiotemporally synchronous focusing characteristics of time-reversed electromagnetic waves to explore the possibility of applying time-reversal technique to device design. First, based on the general device inverse design process, using the time-reversal technique, dyadic Green's function and basic principle of electromagnetics, a method of converting the port field distribution into the internal field distribution of the device is proposed. It is also proved that the continuous equivalent source obtained by the time-reversed field at a certain position in space can produce a field distribution close to the desired field at the port. In the single frequency inverse design process, only the tangential component of the electric field or magnetic field of the port is needed to be known. Then, with the help of the reciprocity of Green's function, the above theory is transformed to facilitate the numerical simulation. This numerical simulation realizes the reconstruction of the amplitude distribution source and the phase distribution source. It should be noted that the amplitude distribution source and phase distribution source are both randomly constructed. The numerical simulation verification is completed in two different cases and a variety of different initial conditions. All the simulation results are consistent with the theoretical results, which proves that it is feasible to apply time-reversal technique to the inverse design of electromagnetic devices.
Early life stress causes sex-specific changes in adult fronto-limbic connectivity that differentially drive learning
Authors: White Jordon D , Arefin Tanzil M , Pugliese Alexa , Lee Choong H , Gassen Jeff , Zhang Jiangyang , Kaffman Arie
Published: December 2020

It is currently unclear whether early life stress (ELS) affects males and females differently. However, a growing body of work has shown that sex moderates responses to stress and injury, with important insights into sex-specific mechanisms provided by work in rodents. Unfortunately, most of the ELS studies in rodents were conducted only in males, a bias that is particularly notable in translational work that has used human imaging. Here we examine the effects of unpredictable postnatal stress (UPS), a mouse model of complex ELS, using high resolution diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. We show that UPS induces several neuroanatomical alterations that were seen in both sexes and resemble those reported in humans. In contrast, exposure to UPS induced fronto-limbic hyper-connectivity in males, but either no change or hypoconnectivity in females. Moderated-mediation analysis found that these sex-specific changes are likely to alter contextual freezing behavior in males but not in females.
Small molecule cognitive enhancer reverses age-related memory decline in mice
Authors: Krukowski Karen , Nolan Amber , Frias Elma S , Boone Morgane , Ureta Gonzalo , Grue Katherine , Paladini Maria-Serena , Elizarraras Edward , Delgado Luz , Bernales Sebastian , Walter Peter , Rosi Susanna
Published: December 2020

With increased life expectancy, age-associated cognitive decline becomes a growing concern, even in the absence of recognizable neurodegenerative disease. The integrated stress response (ISR) is activated during aging and contributes to age-related brain phenotypes. We demonstrate that treatment with the drug-like small-molecule ISR inhibitor ISRIB reverses ISR activation in the brain, as indicated by decreased levels of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2. Furthermore, ISRIB treatment reverses spatial memory deficits and ameliorates working memory in old mice. At the cellular level in the hippocampus, ISR inhibition (i) rescues intrinsic neuronal electrophysiological properties, (ii) restores spine density and (iii) reduces immune profiles, specifically interferon and T cell-mediated responses. Thus, pharmacological interference with the ISR emerges as a promising intervention strategy for combating age-related cognitive decline in otherwise healthy individuals.
Productivity loss associated with functional disability in a contemporary small-scale subsistence population
Authors: Stieglitz Jonathan , Hooper Paul L , Trumble Benjamin C , Kaplan Hillard , Gurven Michael D
Published: December 2020

In comparative cross-species perspective, humans experience unique physical impairments with potentially large consequences. Quantifying the burden of impairment in subsistence populations is critical for understanding selection pressures underlying strategies that minimize risk of production deficits. We examine among forager-horticulturalists whether compromised bone strength (indicated by fracture and lower bone mineral density, BMD) is associated with subsistence task cessation. We also estimate the magnitude of productivity losses associated with compromised bone strength. Fracture is associated with cessation of hunting, tree chopping, and walking long distances, but not tool manufacture. Age-specific productivity losses from hunting cessation associated with fracture and lower BMD are substantial: ~397 lost kcals/day, with expected future losses of up to 1.9 million kcals (22% of expected production). Productivity loss is thus substantial for high strength and endurance tasks. Determining the extent to which impairment obstructs productivity in contemporary subsistence populations improves our ability to infer past consequences of impairment.
Comprehensive pathway-related genes signature for prognosis and recurrence of ovarian cancer
Authors: Zhao Xinnan , He Miao
Published: December 2020

Background

Ovarian cancer (OC) is a highly malignant disease with a poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. At present, there is no accurate strategy to predict the prognosis and recurrence of OC. The aim of this study was to identify gene-based signatures to predict OC prognosis and recurrence.

Methods

mRNA expression profiles and corresponding clinical information regarding OC were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and LASSO analysis were performed, and Kaplan–Meier curves, time-dependent ROC curves, and nomograms were constructed using R software and GraphPad Prism7.

Results

We first identified several key signalling pathways that affected ovarian tumorigenesis by GSEA. We then established a nine-gene-based signature for overall survival (OS) and a five-gene-based-signature for relapse-free survival (RFS) using LASSO Cox regression analysis of the TCGA dataset and validated the prognostic value of these signatures in independent GEO datasets. We also confirmed that these signatures were independent risk factors for OS and RFS by multivariate Cox analysis. Time-dependent ROC analysis showed that the AUC values for OS and RFS were 0.640, 0.663, 0.758, and 0.891, and 0.638, 0.722, 0.813, and 0.972 at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years, respectively. The results of the nomogram analysis demonstrated that combining two signatures with the TNM staging system and tumour status yielded better predictive ability.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the two-gene-based signatures established in this study may serve as novel and independent prognostic indicators for OS and RFS.
Factors Influencing Compliance in Intravenous Practice for Infection Prevention among Nurses in Small and Medium Hospitals
Authors: Choi Sung Ae , Jeong Sun Young
Published: December 2020

Purpose: This study was done to investigate knowledge of intravenous practice for infection prevention and compliance, empowerment, and organizational culture awareness regarding infection control, and to identify influencing effects regarding compliance with intravenous practice for infection prevention among nurses working in small and medium-sized hospitals.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted with a sample of 136 nurses working in small and medium-sized hospitals. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlations and a stepwise multiple regression were performed using IBM SPSS 23.0.Results: There was a significant correlation between compliance with intravenous practice for infection prevention and knowledge (r=.34, p<.001), and between compliance with intravenous practice for infection prevention and organizational culture awareness of infection control (r=.41, p<.001). Moreover, the factors influencing compliance with intravenous practice for infection prevention were organizational culture awareness of infection control (β=.35, p<.001) and knowledge of intravenous practice for infection prevention (β=.27, p=.001). These variables explained 22.7% of compliance with intravenous practice for infection prevention.Conclusion: It is necessary to an organizational culture that emphasizes infection prevention through regular monitoring and feedback and to develop regular education and training programs based on current guidelines.
Compensación económica para el cónyuge o conviviente civil: Una mirada desde el análisis económico del Derecho
Authors: Palavecino Cáceres Adriana
Published: December 2020

El análisis económico del derecho (AED) constituye una metodología que aplica a cuestiones de carácter jurídico, principios y conceptos de orden económico. Es una perspectiva de análisis de las instituciones jurídicas partiendo del supuesto que éstas tienen un carácter teleológico, están al servicio de los particulares, por lo tanto, su diseño, interpretación y aplicación, deben hacerse tratando de potenciar el bienestar de la sociedad en su conjunto.La compensación económica es una figura reciente en el Derecho de Familia chileno, la doctrina nacional le ha dado diversa calificación jurídica y todavía es objeto de análisis dogmático, por ello, estimamos que puede resultar interesante una aproximación desde la perspectiva del análisis económico del Derecho, intentando responder a las interrogantes típicas de este enfoque, a saber, ¿Si es eficiente la asignación de recursos o responsabilidades en su regulación por la ley de matrimonio civil? O en otras palabras, ¿Si la regulación de esta figura en  favor del cónyuge más débil generará mayor satisfacción individual y social?
Los derechos fundamentales en la reforma o cambio constitucional
Authors: Díaz García Iván
Published: December 2020

Editorial
ANALISIS CRITICO DE LA LEY 20.609, QUE ESTABLECE MEDIDAS CONTRA LA DISCRIMINACION, A LA LUZ DEL DERECHO INTERNACIONAL DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS Y LAS CONVENCIONES DE LA OEA SOBRE DISCRIMINACION DE 2013.
Authors: Gauché Marchetti Ximena Andrea
Published: December 2020

El 24 de julio de 2012 fue publicada la Ley 20.609, que establece medidas contra la discriminación, luego de años de tramitación legislativa y del impulso mediático que tuvo por acción de organizaciones de la sociedad civil tras la trágica muerte de Daniel Zamudio y la condena por discriminación de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos a Chile en el caso Atala. Su publicación fue celebrada y considerada un avance importante en materia de derechos humanos y claramente puede ser vista así. Sin embargo, en cuanto aporte decisivo frente a situaciones de discriminación, existen claras insuficiencias que se han ido levantando por la doctrina nacional. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo exponer el contenido y algunos antecedentes de esta ley de forma crítica a la luz del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos y las convenciones de la OEA aprobadas en 2013, tomando posición a favor de una reforma al cuerpo legal citado. Para ese propósito el trabajo se estructura en tres apartados que dan cuenta de los desarrollos internacionales; los antecedentes y contenido de la Ley 20.609 y, a modo de conclusiones, algunos de los cambios que se estiman deberían introducirse a la legislación nacional.
De la discusión sobre jerarquía de los tratados internacionales a la idea de pluralismo constitucional
Authors: Beca Frei Juan Pablo
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo revisa la discusión sobre la jerarquía de los tratados internacionales y la actitud que frente a la misma ha tenido el Tribunal Constitucional, destacando que más allá de su postura formal sobre el tema, utiliza tratados internacionales en sus sentencias. En un ambiente de interdependencia el recurso de fuentes no nacionales de derecho se hace cada vez más usual, lo que puede entenderse a la luz del concepto de pluralismo constitucional, como una forma de superar la discusión sobre la jerarquía de los tratados internacionales sobre derechos humanos.
La ciudadanía en el escenario de la globalización
Authors: Santiago Juárez Rodrigo
Published: December 2020

En el contexto de la globalización, y tomando en consideración las múltiples tensiones que dicho escenario impone sobre el concepto de ciudadanía, es necesario cuestionar aquellos elementos que bajo una lectura clásica de la misma, impiden su ejercicio fuera de los márgenes del Estado. Por ello, en este artículo se analizan elementos como el patriotismo y la nacionalidad, así como las repercusiones que tiene la inmigración en dicho concepto, con el fin de hacer una propuesta más dinámica de la ciudadanía, acorde con la realidad contemporánea.
Hobbes: El absolutismo como consecuencia del pesimismo antropológico
Authors: Cruz Augusto Wiegand
Published: December 2020

El conjunto del pensamiento de Hobbes rompe radicalmente con la tradición filosófica. Dentro de aquel se inscribe su teoría del conocimiento de corte empirista. A pesar que el empirismo se ha identificado con las corrientes políticas democráticas, y que algunos de los postulados de Hobbes contienen gérmenes del posterior liberalismo, Hobbes es un absolutista político. Este artículo revisa los fundamentos antropológicos y filosóficos de la teoría política de Hobbes y propone que ésta se encuentra determinada, en último término, por su visión de la naturaleza del hombre.
El debate sobre la noción de Path Dependence y su conciliación en un modelo dinámico de análisis institucional
Authors: Trigo Luis Gonzalo
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo se encuentra estructurado en dos partes, la primera, intenta identificar el debate actual sobre la noción de Path Dependence en la literatura académica, evidenciando sus posibles limitaciones y potencialidades definicionales. A  partir de lo anterior, la segunda parte, busca establecer una conciliación de las distintas conceptualizaciones, de manera tal, apostar por un modelo dinámico de análisis institucional basado en una visión integral de Path Dependence. Entonces, un Modelo Dinámico de Path Dependence implica otorgarle un rol específico a cada conceptualización del debate en una estructura analítica general. En este sentido, la integración de las distintas conceptualizaciones del debate en un solo modelo dinámico permitiría considerar que el nodo central del análisis del desarrollo institucional pasa por la observación de las relaciones micro-causales de una o varias secuencias de tiempo las cuales pueden auto-reforzarse o terminar en ruptura, es decir, una dinámica de cierre y apertura institucional que determina la continuidad y el cambio.
Nutrient Analysis and Antimicrobial Activities of the Leaves and Fruit Pulp Extracts of Tetrapluera tetraptera on Clinical Bacteria Isolates
Authors: Ebana R. U. B. , Edet U. O. , Andy I. E. , Etok C. A. , Etim V. J. , Anosike K. I.
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Plants are known to contain numerous phytochemicals with potential antimicrobial activity.

Aim: Nutritional, phytochemical and antimicrobial activities of the leaves and the fruit pulp extracts of Tetrapluera tetraptera was carried out.

Methodology: Collection and identification of isolates and plants parts, and preparation of extracts and nutrient (proximate, vitamins and minerals and anti-nutrients) evaluations were all done using standard protocols previously reported. Evaluations of phytochemicals were carried out using crude screening, quantification and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrophotometer for a              robust analysis. Antimicrobial activities were evaluated using the standard disc method and chloramphenicol as control.

Results: The results revealed varying amounts of proximate nutrients (ash, fibre, moisture, carbohydrate, protein and fat) in both samples. Vitamin analysis showed the presence of vitamin A, total and soluble vitamin C, niacin, riboflavin and thiamin in both samples. Furthermore, both samples had minerals such as Na, K, CA, P, Mg, Zn, Fe, and Cu, and K, Na, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Zn and Cu in order of decreasing abundance in the fruit pulp and leaves, respectively. Both samples showed the presence of permissible levels of anti-nutrients compared to edible vegetables. Using all three methods, several phytochemicals such as terpenes, alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenol, organic and fatty acids, amongst other in various amounts were obtained in the samples. Antimicrobial activities against identified clinical isolates used in this study which were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus spp with both extracts ranged from 12.78±0.03 to 17.34±0.34 mm.

Conclusion: Given the rising cases of antimicrobial resistance and absence of newer antibiotics, the antimicrobial activity of our study plant is worth further evaluations.
Investigating the Growth and Yield of Upland Rice Using Application of Trichocompost and NPK Fertilizers at Dry Land
Authors: Novriani . , Gribaldi . , Nurlaili . , Dewi Nurmala , Sakalena Firnawati
Published: December 2020

Upland rice production at South Sumatra is still low compared to national average production level due to low soil fertility. Therefore, effort to increase soil fertility level is needed such as through application of Trichocompost and NPK fertilizers at dry land area. This research objective was to determine the application effect of Trichocompost produced from rice straw and NPK fertilizers on the growth and yield of upland rice crop of henic strain at dry land area. The methods used in this research was a 2 by 3 Factorial in Completely Randomized Design with two treatment factors and three replications for each treatment. Trichocompost fertilizer treatments (T) were consisted of: T0 (without Trichocompost: 0 ton/ha; T1: 10 ton/ha Trichocompost; T2: 20 ton/ha Trichocompost and T3: 30 ton/ha Trichocompost, whereas NPK fertilizer treatments (P) were consisted of: P1: 200 kg NPK/ha; P2: 300 kg NPK/ha and P3: 400 kg NPK/ha. All data from this research was analyzed using Analysis of Variance to determine the given treatment effect by using SPSS 17.0 software.  The results showed that application of Trichocompost produced from rice straw and NPK fertilizers had effect on the growth and yield of upland rice of henic strain at dry land area. Application of Trichocompost fertilizer produced from rice straw at dose of 30 ton/ha and NPK fertilizer at dose of 400 kg/ha tend to produce higher rice yield with magnitude of 4.6 kg/plot than that of other treatments.
Viability and Vigor of Bacaba Seed (Oenocarpus bacaba) in Different Substrates
Authors: Barros Daniella Inácio , Nunes Helber Veras , Silva Camila Torres da , Nunes Bruno Henrique di Napoli , Oliveira Rodrigo Silva de , Lima Laysla Soares de Souza , Silva Calebe Oliveira Crispim da , Reis Ariadyla Fernanda Paixão dos , Carvalho Lorrany Fernandes , Cavalcante Mayck Alexsander Lima , Sena David Martins de , Andrade Felix Antônio Coelho de
Published: December 2020

The Bacaba (Oenocarpus bacaba) belongs to the Arecaceae family, is a palm tree native to the Amazon, in which it is distributed throughout the Amazon basin, mainly in the regions of Pará, Tocantins, Acre, and in southern Maranhão, having as habitat the high virgin forest. The production of quality seedlings depends on several factors, and the composition of substrates is a major factor, because seed germination, root initiation, and rooting are directly linked to the chemical, physical and biological characteristics of the substrate. The experiment was carried out at the Federal Institute of Education - IFTO, Sciences, and Technology of Tocantins, in the city of Gurupi - TO, between September 5, 2018, and December 30, 2018. For the realization of the same, Bacaba seeds (Oenocarpus bacaba) were used, which were purchased at the street fair in the municipality of Gurupi - TO. Root and shoot length, number of leaves, root and shoot dry mass, first emergency count and seedling emergence were evaluated. The substrates: Washed Sand, Commercial Substrate, Pinus Bark + Sawdust Powder + Commercial Substrate, and Worm Humus + Coconut Shell + Commercial Substrate + Sawdust Powder provided the highest values of viability and vigor in Bacaba seeds.
Low Cost Tissue Culture Technologies in Vegetables: A Review
Authors: Naik Reshav , Bhushan Anil , Gupta R. K. , Walia Anamika , Gaur Anshika
Published: December 2020

The demand of vegetable crops is increasing day by day due to changes in consumption patterns, so the need of the hour is to develop technologies that enhance the vegetable production at a rapid rate. Plant Tissue culture is one such remarkable biotechnological tool that has its application in vegetable propagation and improvement, disease elimination, herbicide resistance, salinity tolerance, incorporation of high nutrient content, genetically improved plants and conservation of endangered plant species and in the near future usage of this technology is going to increase further manifold. It is used for production of disease free quality planting material and development of varieties through direct regeneration, anther/ovule culture, somatic embryogenesis etc. or for creation of new variation (organogenesis via callus formation, soma-clonal variation and in vitro mutagenesis). In spite of being a very important and viable non-conventional biotechnological tool, high cost of production of seedlings in vitro remains a major impediment in popularization of this technology. High cost of producing seedlings is due to availability of limited resources, high recurrent costs of consumables for media and lack of awareness, which limits its application only to a few institutions and rich farmers especially in developing countries. Therefore, in order to make this technology a successful and viable option for the farmers, future thrust must be on cost reduction of in vitro seedlings. The components of tissue culture technology such as culture media components, glassware, lighting and water for media preparation can be replaced with low cost alternatives to reduce the overall cost of tissue culture. The usage of alternatives for gelling agent’s like isabgol (potato, tomato, cassava, turmeric, ginger), sago (potato, tomato, turmeric, ginger) cassava starch (potato, cassava, sweet potato) barley starch, phytagel etc. and for carbon sources like table sugar (potato, turmeric, ginger), jaggery, sugarcane juice, cube sugar (bittergord), brown sugar etc have already been documented worldwide. The present paper reviews the work done by researchers around the globe in developing various low cost alternative technologies with focus on vegetable crops.
Trends Analysis of Stream Flow at Different Gauging Stations in Upper Jhelum River
Authors: Pandey Yogesh , Mishra A. K. , Sarangi A. , Singh D. K. , Sahoo R. N. , Sarkar S.
Published: December 2020

Analysis of stream flow trends plays a significant role in the flood forecasting and hydrologic drought assessment related investigations besides study of water resource management In this study, the long-term stream flow data recorded at different gauging stations in Upper Jhelum River (UJR) in Jammu and Kashmir (J &K) state basin were estimated using the Modified Mann-Kendall Test (MMKT)  and Sen’s Slope Estimator (SSE).Long term time series data of ten gauging stations used for trend analysis were annual maximum and monthly maximum stream flows for the years (1980-2016) for the months of occurrence of flood in UJRB. It was observed that six gauging stations out of the ten showed a significant decreasing trend in discharge and depth of flow in the UJRB at 0.05 probability level of significance. However the results of the monthly and seasonal maximum stream flow analysis showed that during spring season (March to May) about 90% of the gauging stations depicted downward trends in the summer season (Jun to Aug) all the gauging stations showed downward stream flow trends and approximately 60% of the gauging stations showed downward trends in the month of September (first month of autumn). This analysis resulted into quantification of flood magnitudes and its periodicity of occurrences to develop flood mitigation strategies. Nonetheless, such investigation of water flow in the river would also assist in regional hydrologic studies besides occurrence of flood and hydrologic droughts.
A Geographical Analysis of Challakere Amrit Mahal Kaval Grasslands. Using Remote Sensing and GIS Technologies
Authors: Ashwatha K. N.
Published: December 2020

The Amrit Mahal Kaval grassland is a protected area dedicated to conservation of Amrit Mahal, an endangered breed of cattle that originated from the erstwhile state of Mysore in Karnataka. Nearly 14519 acres of grassland is reserved which is enriched with biodiversity and grassland ecosystem as well and with over 450 years of history. Thus, such kind of research on grasslands is important and also inevitable. Another important point to be noticed is that, this area was portrayed as barren land and in the year 2007, a report was prepared and submitted to the state government permitting Defense and other departments to use these 11400 acres of Amrit Mahal Kaval Grasslands which led to several impact on the biodiversity in this area. Remote sensing and GIS technologies were used to study the impact on grasslands in terms of Social, Cultural, Economic and Environmental changes between 2009 to 2019. By looking at the statistics of the Challakere Amrit Mahal Kaval grasslands it is evident that the developmental work carried out here has led to the loss of 4.59% of the vegetation area, 0.29% of the water sources and 24.6% of the pasture land. The Study focuses not only on the impact of biodiversity in that area but also on the social life of people. In today’s condition both development and ecological balance are important but at the same time it is really hazardous to suppress ecology in the name of development. Compromising ecology for development is proven inimical. It is the need of the hour to protect Amrit Mahal Kaval grasslands as it provides an important habitat for many endangered species like the Great Indian Bustard and Amrit Mahal cattle breed.
The Prevalence of Bacteremia among Patients Admitted to a Military Hospital in Alkharj
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. , Mahmoud Salwa , Menshawy Menshawy A.
Published: December 2020

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of bacteremia among patients admitted to a military hospital in Alkharj and to know the causative organisms.

Methodology: Bacteria culture results were collected from the laboratory of the military hospital after the approval of the study by IRB ethical committee. The data were collected and analyzed using Excel spreadsheet 2016 and the descriptive data were represented as frequencies (n) and percentages (%).

Results: The total number of positive blood culture were 131 cultures, about 53.44% of the causative bacteria were gram positive bacteria. Generally, a high percentage of bacteremia was caused by Staphylococcus species, especially Coagulase-negative staphylococcus (25.19%) and Staphylococcus aureus (22.90%).

Conclusion: It can be concluded that the incidence of bloodstream infection in the present study is high and that the most common causative pathogens were Coagulase-negative staphylococcus and Staphylococcus aureus. It is important to know the incidence of bloodstream infection and to know the causative organisms both for clinical practice, especially to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions and also for research activities.
Preferential in vitro interaction of fibronectin with histone H2A + H3
Authors: Furukawa Kiyoshi , Bhavanandan V.P.
Published: July 2002

The interactions of fibronectin with unfractionated histone and histone subfractions (H1, H2A + H3, H2B and H4) were studied under physiological conditions by laser nephelometry. It was found that fibronectin interacted preferentially with histone H2A + H3. Due to self‐aggregation, fibronectin showed a very low relative light scattering.
Compartmentalization of seed reserve proteins
Authors: Adeli Khosrow , Altosaar Illimar
Published: July 2002

Two types of storage pathways are proposed for the synthesis and Compartmentalization of seed reserve globulins and prolamins. A discussion of the regulatory mechanisms in reserve protein topogenesis reveals that certain factors such as solubility characteristics of the protein molecule and/or specific sorting sequences may underline the discrimination in deposition of globulins and prolamins. Finally, a hypothetical relationship between the type of storage pathway and the seed protein concentration is briefly discussed.
Phytoalexin synthesis in soybean (Glycine max)
Authors: Schmelzer Elmon , Börner Helga , Grisebach Hans , Ebel Jürgen , Hahlbrock Klaus
Published: July 2002

Rapid, transient increases in mRNA activities related to phytoalexin synthesis were observed after inoculation of soybean seedlings (Glycine max) with the fungus, Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea, or treatment of cultured soybean cells with an elicitor preparation from the same fungus. The time courses of changes in activity were similar for mRNAs coding for enzymes of general phenylpropanoid metabolism and for chalcone synthase mRNA in both systems. Cloned cDNA was used to demonstrate that the induced changes in chalcone synthase mRNA activity coincided with changes in amount of mRNA. The results suggest that phytoalexin synthesis, one mechanism of induced resistance of plants to pathogens, is regulated by temporary gene activation.
Identification of acrylate, the product of the dehydration of (R)‐lactate catalysed by cell‐free extracts from Clostridium propionicum
Authors: Schweiger Georg , Buckel Wolfgang
Published: July 2002

(R)‐Lactate
Dehydration
Acrylate p‐Bromophenacyl ester
Oxygen inactivation Clostridium propionicum
A polypeptide toxin from the coral Goniopora
Authors: Qar Janti , Schweitz Hugues , Schmid Annie , Lazdunski Michel
Published: July 2002

A polypeptide toxin has been isolated from Goniopora coral with an M
r of 19000. Goniopora toxin has the following properties: (i) it induces contraction of guinea pig ileum and this contraction is prevented by Ca2+‐channel blockers; (ii) it stimulates 45Ca2+ influx in cardiac cells in culture and this stimulation is abolished by Ca2+‐channel blockers; (iii) it prevents binding of (+)‐[3H]PN 200‐110 to the Ca2+‐channel protein of skeletal muscle T‐tubule membranes. All these results taken together suggest that Goniopora toxin is a Ca2+‐channel activator.
Mutations in the guinea pig preproglucagon gene are restricted to a specific portion of the prohormone sequence
Authors: Seino S. , Welsh M. , Bell G.I. , Chan S.J. , Steiner D.F.
Published: July 2002

Glucagon
Evolution
Hystricomorph
cDNA
Glycogenolytic hormone