bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
W/C REDUCTION FOR FLEXURAL STRENGTHENING OF R.C BEAMS HAVING PLASTIC AGGREGATE
Authors: Gul Akhtar , Tayyab Saad , Ullah Asad , Shan Kamal , Mehmood Faisal , Haq Fazal
Published: July 2019

Due to the greater availability and low biodegradability plastic waste became a great concern for the researchers worldwide, because this waste is one of the main environmental issues. Nowadays harmful industrial waste can be helpful in place of conventional aggregate in concrete mix, which in turn will also save natural resources. A similar effort has been made in this research study for making concrete having replaced percentage of plastic aggregate along with plasticizer and reduced water cement ratio. Total of fifty-seven concrete cylinders and six beams were cast, and after curing period, these were tested for compression and flexural strength respectively. Compression strength decreases by increasing the percentages of plastic aggregates while reducing the w/c, the compression strength increases. The strength of beams in flexure increases by 57% through reduction of W/C from 0.68 (normal concrete/fc’=3000psi) to 0.3, and with further replacement of 40% plastic aggregate the increase in strength as compared to the normal concrete was still 3%.
Formation of the Upstream Region in HV Gas Blast Interrupters with Synchronous Gas Injection
Authors: Kurakina N. K. , Frolov V. Ya. , Tonkonogov E. N.
Published: July 2019

The problem of a synchronous gas injection at the vicinity of current zero for high voltage gas blast circuit breakers~(GCB) is discussed. The basic aim of the investigation is to improve the efficiency of arc quenching in GCB by increasing interruption ability without changes in drive parameters. The paper reviews the upstream region influence on the interruption capability, gas injection - mass flow interactions at the region between electrical contact and nozzle throat of GCB. Numerical simulation is used to calculate gas--dynamics parameters at the upstream region of mono--flow GCB. The mass discharged as a result of the synchronous gas injection can rapidly modify both the density and pressure at the nozzle throat, regulate flow velocity in the research region. The selected method of the gas injection effects the breaking performance in the arc quenching device strongly. Some calculation results are presented.
Modelling and Experimental Investigations of DC Electric Arcs in Argon and Carbone Dioxide
Authors: Mohsni C. , Baeva M. , Franke S. , Gortschakow S. , Gonzalez D. , Araoud Z. , Charrada K.
Published: July 2019

In this work an arc model is employed along with electric and spectroscopic measurements to study DC electric arcs in Ar and CO2. The model is aimed at describing the arc and the electrodes. Simulation and experimental results are shown for currents between 150 A and 210 A.
Comparative Studies of Low-Intensity Short-Length Arcs
Authors: Baeva M. , Siewert E. , Uhrlandt D.
Published: July 2019

We present results obtained by two non-equilibrium modelling approaches and experiments on low-intensity short-length arcs in argon at atmospheric pressure. The first one considers a quasi-neutral arc column combined with boundary conditions on the electrodes based on the energy balance in the space-charge sheaths. The second approach applies a unified description over the entire gap and solves the Poisson equation for the self-consistent electric field. The experiments provide the arc voltage.
Investigation of the Arc Characteristics of Switching DC Arcs on Hydrogen Containing Gas Mixtures
Authors: Gonzalez D. , Gortschakow S. , Yu S. , Werner F.
Published: July 2019

The characteristics of switching DC current arcs in  hydrogen  containing gas mixtures under pressure were investigated using a model chamber. The switching device consists of an electro-mechanic double breaker unit with copper contacts. High-speed imaging and spectroscopy were used to observe and to characterize the switching arc. The experiments indicate how the dynamic interaction of an external magnetic field with a high-pressure discharge causes an elongation and twisting of the arc-channel and consequently a voltage increase. Comparative measurements with and without external magnetic field indicate a strong influence of this factor. Cu and N lines together with strongly broadened H lines were observed.
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN KELUARGA DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QURAN DAN HADIS
Authors: Labaso Syahrial Iyal
Published: July 2019

Abstract

The role of the family in the educational process, is an inevitable necessity, this is because the important role of the family as the environment of origin, and also the first environment for humans. This shows, the existence of the family is very important, in supporting the achievement of educational goals. Facts and reality in the field show that, the role of the family today, has not shown its maximum effort as the main educational institution, so that there is a practice of violence in the family, both against wife and child, which is certainly very contradictory basic principles in the process of education. The presence of this article, intended to explore the important role of the family, in the educational process based on the perspective of the Qur'an and Hadith. This exploration is intended to gain a fundamental essence in the process of family education, so as to provide a new perspective on the perceiving of the family as an important part of the humanizing process.

Abstrak

Peran keluarga dalam proses pendidikan, adalah suatu keniscayaan yang tidak dapat dielakkan, hal ini sebabkan peran penting keluarga sebagai lingkungan asal, dan sekaligus lingkungan pertama bagi manusia. Hal ini menunjukkan, eksistensi keluarga yang sangat penting artinya, dalam menunjang ketercapain tujuan pendidikan. Berbagai fakta dan realitas dilapangan menunjukkan bahwa, peran keluarga dewasa ini, belum menampilkan usaha maksimalnya sebagai lembaga pendidikan utama, sehingga terjadilah praktik kekerasan dalam keluarga, baik terhadap istri maupun anak, yang tentunya sangat bertentangan prinsip-prinsip dasar dalam proses pendidikan. Hadirnya artikel ini, dimaksudkan untuk mengekslorasi peran penting keluarga, dalam proses pendidikan berdasarkan sudut pandang Al-Qur’an dan Hadis. Pengeksplorasian ini, dimaksudkan untuk mendapatkan esensi mendasar dalam proses pendidikan keluarga, sehingga dapat memberikan sudut pandang baru dalam mempresepsikan keluarga, sebagai bagian penting dari proses pemanusian manusia (humanisasi).
The Outcome of Directive 2009/73/EC Amendment on EU’s Natural Gas Security
Authors: Keypour Javad
Published: July 2019

The European Commission has proposed an amendment on the Gas Directive 2009/73/EC to broaden the applicability of the Directive to all gas pipelines from/to the EU including Nord Stream 2. This research focuses on the question of whether the amendment can really boost EU’s natural gas security, by hindering Nord Stream 2. Thematic analysis has been employed as the methodology for analyzing collected data from primary and secondary sources, and relying on a legal and political analysis. The research findings show that although the amendment hinders Nord Stream 2, it also affects the operation of the existing interconnectors adversely. It also declines investors’ tendency for planned pipelines, which lowers EU’s energy security. Moreover, empowerment of the Commission in the proposed amendment curtails Member States’ plans to enhance their energy security. In addition, the security analysis of the research shows that Moscow’s ability to take advantage of its “energy weapon” is being defied because of dependence on European technology and finance, particularly under the sanction condition. Therefore, restraining Russian gas in the European market will not result in a higher level of energy security since reliable and affordable alternatives are not so available. Hence, all four elements of energy security—that is, affordability, availability, accessibility, and acceptability—are jeopardized by the proposed amendment. The current study concludes that although the amendment is expected to boost the energy security of the Union, it may now turn into a threat per se.
Optical Networks Performance Optimization Based on Hybrid Configurations of Optical Fiber Amplifiers and Optical Receivers
Authors: Amiri I. S. , Mohammed Aref Mahmoud Houssien Fatma , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki , Mohammed Abd El-Naser A.
Published: July 2019

The 16-channels dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems have been optimized by utilizing hybrid configurations of conventional optical fiber amplifiers (EDFA, RAMAN and SOA) and optical photodetectors (PIN, APD(Si) and APD(InGaAs)). The DWDM systems were implemented for 5 Gb/s channel speed using one of these configurations with 100 GHz channel spacing and 25 km amplifying section. The hybrid configurations are the combinations of (PIN + EDFA), (PIN + RAMAN), (PIN + SOA), (APD(Si) + EDFA), (APD(Si) + RAMAN), (APD(Si) + SOA), (APD(InGaAs) + EDFA), (APD(InGaAs) + RAMAN) and (APD(InGaAs) + SOA). Based on BER, Q-factor and eye diagrams, the performance was compared for these configurations under influences of various thermal noise levels of photodetectors over different fiber lengths ranging from 25 km up to 150 km. The results revealed that both APD structures give optimum performance at input power P
in = 5 dBm due to high internal avalanche gain. EDFA outperforms RAMAN and SOA amplifiers. SOA amplifier shows degraded performance because of nonlinearity effects induced. RAMAN amplifier seems to be the best alternative for long reach DWDM systems because it minimizes the effects of fiber nonlinearities. The configuration (APD(Si) + EDFA) is the most efficient and recommended to be used for transmission distance beyond 100 km due to its larger Q-factor.
The level of extracellular superoxide dismutase in the first week of life in very and extremely low birth weight infants and the risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Kicinski Przemyslaw , Malachowska Beata , Wyka Krystyna , Gach Agnieszka , Jakubowski Lucjusz , Gulczynska Ewa
Published: July 2019

Background

Antioxidant enzymes may play a significant role in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the level of extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) in the serum at days 1 and 7 of life and the risk of developing BPD.

Methods

The study comprised 103 neonates born before 32 weeks’ gestation with a birth weight of ≤1500 g.

Results

In the investigated group, the median serum SOD3 level at day 1 of life was 4.01 ng/mL [interquartile range (IQR) 2.59–5.09 ng/mL] and at day 7 of life 3.13 ng/mL (IQR 2.49–4.34 ng/mL). A statistically significant decrease in the serum SOD3 level was found in the first week of life, P < 0.0001. No correlation was found between the serum SOD3 level at day 1 of life and gestational age R = 0.07, P = 0.4543 and birth weight R = 0.10, P = 0.3083. No statistically significant correlation was found between the dynamics of change in the SOD3 level in serum at days 1 and 7 of life and the risk of BPD development for the definition of BPD at day 28 of life, P = 0.8764 nor at 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age, P = 0.6598.

Conclusion

The study revealed a statistically significant decrease in the serum SOD3 level in the first week of life in very and extremely low birth weight infants born before 32 weeks of gestation. In the clinical setting, no relationship was observed between the level of SOD3 in serum and the risk of developing BPD.
Influence of shrinkage of polymer on the stationarity of propagation of frontal polymerization heat waves
Authors: Tonoyan Anahit O. , Minasyan Aram H. , Varderesyan Anahit Z. , Ketyan Armenuhi G. , Davtyan Sevan P.
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this work was to study the causes of the formation of nonlinear and spin modes in the process of frontal polymerization (FP). The latter is an autowave process of the propagation of polymerization heat waves, and is a nontraditional method for the synthesis of various polymers and polymeric composites. Monomers of metal-complexes of acrylamide with and without additions of inert and nano-fillers were chosen as objects of study. Research data on dilatometric analysis, as well as on kinetics and macrokinetics of the polymerization processes of the monomers in frontal mode are presented. On the basis of the results obtained, a conclusion was drawn on the stability loss and transition boundary from a stationary mode to nonstationary one during FP. It was shown that, during the polymerization processes, shrinkage of the resulting polymer composites occurs, commensurate with the phase of the heat wave oscillations, which disturbs the propagating heat waves from layer to layer and violates the stationarity of the process. This, in turn, results in the formation of spin-like rings and a nonstationary mode of FP.
The Order of Enclitic Personal Pronouns in Hittite
Authors: Sideltsev Andrei
Published: July 2019

The paper explores the position of Hittite enclitic personal pronouns within the enclitic chain. It is suggested that the placement variation was much wider spread than is standardly acknowledged and is not parallel for plural and singular dative pronouns.

The work was supported by grant RSF 17–18–01184.
Scott, Tom, The Survival of Serfdom in Western Europe
Authors: Scott Tom
Published: July 2019

Apart from the survival of serfdom in western Germany, the perpetuation of unfreedom elsewhere in western Europe has frequently been overlooked. Recent research on France, especially its eastern districts, has shown how specific forms of feudal dues, such as the heriot, evolved into a general status of subjection akin to citizenship, just as occurred in the west German lands. In Scandinavia, harsh forms of personal and tenurial unfreedom yielded over time to the state's need for a free peasantry bound only by its duty of military service. In the Mediterranean lands the spread of sharecropping could subject the peasantry to quasiservile dependence.
Petit Calvo, Carlos, Handelsrecht und Rechtsgeschichte. Mit einem Vorwort von Joachim Rückert
Authors: Petit Carlos
Published: July 2019

Commercial Law and Legal History This invited article summarizes the main points of my recent book 'Historia del Derecho Mercantil' from the commercial culture of the Ancien Régime to the legal culture of the legislative State (2016), adding one additional finding by Paolo Prodi.

Inhalt: Präsentation. (1) ius mercatorum als Handelskultur. (2) Recht und Kultur. (3) Verdächtige, aber notwendige und legitime Aktivitäten. (4) Strukturen des ius mercatorum (5) Handelsregeln und ökonomische Macht der Monarchie. (6) „Non rubare" ein bedauerliches Versäumnis. (7) Beschreibung des Handelsrechts. (8) Die Kodifizierung des Handels. (9) Das Spanische Handelsgesetzbuch und sein Ruhm. (10) Territorialer Widerstand. (11) Der Código de comercio und allgemeines Privatrecht. (12) Die Aktiengesellschaft. (13) Die Handelsgerichtsbarkeit im Staat. (14) Recht (und Nicht-Recht) des Handels im liberalen Jahrhundert. (15) Abschließende Überlegungen
Anesthesia Related Complications of Gastrointestinal Endoscopies; A Retrospective Descriptive Study
Authors: Hormati Ahmad , Mohammadbeigi Abolfazl , Mousavi Seyed Mojtaba , Saeidi Mohammad , Shafiee Hamed , Aminnejad Reza
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures are widely used for diagnostic and therapeutic measures. Analgesia and sedation/anesthesia are inseparable parts of these studies and their related complications are inevitable. METHODS In a retrograde descriptive study in Shahid Beheshti Hospital, affiliated to Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran from March 2013 to March 2017, we gathered information regarding common anesthesia related complications and analyzed them. RESULTS 44659 procedures were performed during the study period and records of 21342 men (47.79%) and 23317 women (52.21%) were evaluated. Hemodynamic instability (9998; 22.39%), dysrhythmia (1600; 3.58%), desaturation (608; 1.36%), prolonged apnea (34; 0.08%), aspiration (43; 0.10%), postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) (636; 1.42%), headache (106; 0.24%), delirium (51; 0.11%), aphasia (1; 0.00%), masseter muscle spasm (1; 0.01%), myocardial infarction (2; 0.00%), and death (5; 0.01%) were seen in the patients. CONCLUSION Sedation/anesthesia is enough safe in gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures to enhance the patients’ satisfaction and cooperation. If anesthesia with spontaneous breathing and unsecure airway is selected for this purpose, vigilance of anesthesia provider will be the key element of uneventful and safe procedure.
Defense Mechanisms in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Their Relationship with Symptom Severity and Quality of Life
Authors: Saeed Fahimeh , Salehi Mansour , Alavi Kaveh , Ajdarkosh Hossein , Kashaninasab Fatemeh , Nasr Esfahani Farnaz
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND Despite the fact that there is theoretical evidence about the association between unconscious defense mechanisms and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), experimental evidence in this regard is limited. The aim of the present study was to compare the defense mechanisms used by the patients with IBS and a control group, and to investigate the relationship between these mechanisms with the severity of the disease and patients’ quality of life. METHODS Fourty-five patients with IBS (mean age of 37.1 years; 14 males) and 45 controls (mean age of 38.0 years; 13 males) were evaluated. IBS diagnosis was determined based on Rome III criteria and the predominant pattern of the disease was determined based on the patient’s history (13 diarrheapredominant, 16 constipation-predominant, and 16 alternating IBS). Defense Style Questionnaire-40, IBS Severity Scale, and IBS-Quality of Life questionnaire were used. RESULTS The mean scores of projection, acting-out, somatization, autistic fantasy, passive-aggression, and reaction formation in the IBS group were significantly higher than the control group and the mean scores of humor and anticipation mechanisms were higher in the control group. There was no significant correlation between the score of defense mechanisms and the severity of IBS and the patients’ quality of life. CONCLUSION The severity of immature defenses in the IBS group was significantly higher, whereas the severity of mature defenses was higher in the control group. These defenses were not correlated with the severity of IBS. Considering the limited sample size, these relationships need to be more investigated.
Blue Light Promotes Neurite Outgrowth of Retinal Explants in Postnatal ChR2 Mice
Authors: Lin Chin-I , Chiao Chuan-Chin
Published: July 2019

Neurons in the adult mammalian CNS fails to regenerate after severe injury. However, it is known that an increase in neural activity occurs in mouse retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) after extrinsic stimulation and this can induce axon growth. In the present study, we applied an optogenetic approach using a mouse model, specifically involving channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) expression in RGCs. We investigated whether modulation of RGC neural activity exclusively by blue light stimulation is able to promote neurite outgrowth of postnatal retinal explants. The results showed that activation of RGCs expressing ChR2 by 20 Hz blue light for 1 h is a most effective way of enhancing neurite outgrowth in postnatal retinas. This is achieved via gap junctions that spread neural activity across the whole retina. Moreover, we found that activation of intrinsic photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs) by blue light also contributes significantly to the promotion of neurite outgrowth in the same postnatal retinal explants. Our findings not only demonstrate that a short-term increase in RGC neural activity is sufficient to facilitate the neurite outgrowth of retinal explants, but also highlight the fact that the temporal pattern of neural activity in RGCs is a critical factor in regulating axon regeneration.
Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) as a Practical Lens to Guide Classroom Action Research in the Biology Classroom
Authors: De Beer Josef
Published: July 2019

Classroom action research (CAR) represents a midpoint between teacher reflection at one end and traditional educational research at the other. CAR is a process in which a teacher identifies problems in the context of his or her own classroom and then engages in investigative methods to address the problems. Teachers sometimes shy away from CAR, due to their lack of training in research methodology, time constraints, and the fact that not all schools value or support such a scholarship of teaching and learning. I show how cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) could be used as a practical lens when engaging in CAR, and how this could help biology teachers become more reflective practitioners by using a rigorous tool to analyze data. Third-generation CHAT is explained and the reader is shown, through a practical example, how research findings could be analyzed and interpreted through a CHAT lens.
Hands-on Research Reaching across Disciplines
Authors: Wahrman Miryam Z. , Basch Corey H.
Published: July 2019

We describe an interdisciplinary research project for undergraduate students involving microbiology and public health. Students designed and carried out two research studies on hand hygiene and the use of gloves by mobile food vendors in New York City and in a New Jersey mall. Students received training in aseptic techniques and survey methodology to carry out the multifaceted study. We discuss the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and research in the context of its value in preparing professionals in the fields of biology and public health.
Learning the Improvisation of Empathy through a Series of Car Accidents
Authors: Sloane Heather M.
Published: July 2019

In this article, I analyze self-disclosure in autoethnography and the various degrees of risk experienced by researchers based on social position. I use autoethnography to consider the possibility of researcher empathy that relies on sensory connection between self and other. I use my personal experience with car accidents to analyze cultures of empathy and caregiving. Connections among self-disclosure, empathy, and social action are explored. In autoethnography, the researcher takes on the risk of being subject as well as observer and self-discloses personal information as a way to make clear possible bias and awareness of the partial and political aspects of research observation. I use autoethnography to consider the political hope of feminist research to raise consciousness of injustice and encourage new emotional awareness (empathy) on the part of the community as catalyst for social change.
A Series of Staggering Heartbreaks
Authors: Nicosia Matthew
Published: July 2019

Typically, the narrative surrounding intimate partner violence (IPV) involves men as perpetrators not victims. This is in part due to both low reporting from men and heteronormative expectations of masculinity. Furthermore, gay male victims are even less frequently discussed. In this autoethnographic article, I reflect on the power structure within violent same-sex relationships and the resulting loss of agency, self-worth, and personal identity victims experience. Because the conversation regarding IPV is often focused on the perpetrator rather than the victim, I intentionally leave the perpetrators anonymous and these experiences vague to instead focus attention on the trauma experienced by gay men. It is my hope this approach will render more intelligible the negotiations of agency, silence, and the performance of queer masculinity that victims experience. This article is neither about the act nor the perpetrator; rather it is about the response by and to the victim.
Effects of Raschig Ring Packing Patterns on Pressure Drop, Heat Transfer, Methane Conversion, and Coke Deposition on a Semi-pilot-scale Packed Bed Reformer
Authors: Chutichairattanaphum Nattaporn , Pana-Suppamassadu Karn , Wattanathana Worawat , Chotiwan Siwaruk , Prapainainar Chaiwat , Tungkamani Sabaithip , Narataruksa Phavanee
Published: July 2019

The effects of Raschig ring packing patterns on the efficiency of dry methane reforming reactions were investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The present study aims to understand the behavior of fluid flow in packed bed reactors, especially under low reactor-to-ring ratios between 4 and 8. Three packing patterns were studied: vertical staggered (VS), chessboard staggered (CS), and reciprocal staggered (RS). It was determined that packing pattern notably affected pressure drop across the reactor length. The VS pattern produced the lowest pressure drop of 223 mPa, while the CS and RS patterns produced pressure drops of 228 mPa and 308 mPa, respectively. The values of methane conversion can be increased by ca. 2 % by selecting a more suitable packing pattern (i.e., 76 % for the VS pattern and 74 % for the CS and RS patterns).
Особливості проявів стресових станів сучасних студентів закладів вищої та професійної освіти
Authors: Дубчак Галина
Published: July 2019

У статті представлені результати емпіричного дослідження особливостей стресових реакцій, які проявляються в навчальній діяльності сучасних студентів, що навчаються в за­кладах вищої та професійної освіти. Виявлено, що за останнє десятиліття в загальній картині стресу зросла значущість проблем пов’язаних з навчальною діяльністю та повсяк­денним функціонуванням студентів. Найбільш вираженими проявами навчальних стресів сучасних українських студентів є поведінкові, найменш вираженими – фізіологічні. Рівень екзаменаційного стресу студентів закладів вищої та професійної освіти є істотно вищим, ніж десятиліття тому (дослідження Ю.В. Щербатих, 2006) рівень стресового наван­таження студентів закладів вищої освіти є значно вищим, ніж в учнів професійних училищ.
QTG-Finder: A Machine-Learning Based Algorithm To Prioritize Causal Genes of Quantitative Trait Loci in Arabidopsis and Rice
Authors: Lin Fan , Fan Jue , Rhee Seung Y
Published: July 2019

Linkage mapping is one of the most commonly used methods to identify genetic loci that determine a trait. However, the loci identified by linkage mapping may contain hundreds of candidate genes and require a time-consuming and labor-intensive fine mapping process to find the causal gene controlling the trait. With the availability of a rich assortment of genomic and functional genomic data, it is possible to develop a computational method to facilitate faster identification of causal genes. We developed QTG-Finder, a machine learning based algorithm to prioritize causal genes by ranking genes within a quantitative trait locus (QTL). Two predictive models were trained separately based on known causal genes in Arabidopsis and rice. An independent validation analysis showed that the models could recall about 64% of Arabidopsis and 79% of rice causal genes when the top 20% ranked genes were considered. The top 20% ranked genes can range from 10 to 100 genes, depending on the size of a QTL. The models can prioritize different types of traits though at different efficiency. We also identified several important features of causal genes including paralog copy number, being a transporter, being a transcription factor, and containing SNPs that cause premature stop codon. This work lays the foundation for systematically understanding characteristics of causal genes and establishes a pipeline to predict causal genes based on public data.
En el corazón mismo de la colonialidad. Poder, totalidad social y heterogeneidad en las primeras obras sociológicas de Aníbal Quijano (1962-1966)
Authors: Assis Clímaco Danilo , Gómez Yuri
Published: July 2019

La capacidad que tuvo Aníbal Quijano de mantenerse como un autor referencial por más de cuatro décadas en el debate latinoamericano no se debía a un estilo camaleónico, sino más bien a un conjunto de ejes significativamente sólidos desde los cuales percibía e indagaba las transformaciones de lo social y de los debates intelectuales. El texto busca mostrar que algunos de los términos que habitan en lo que Quijano cierta vez denominó como “el corazón mismo epistémico de la idea de colonialidad del poder” (2013): poder, totalidad social y heterogeneidad, se encuentran ya en sus primeros trabajos, constituyendo una forma de indagar la realidad sumamente fértil.
STRATEGI BISNIS KOPI MEREK COFFESSO PT DAVID ROY INDONESIA
Authors: Rienaya Cindya , Najamuddin Mudatsir , Mahbubi Akhmad
Published: July 2019

This study aims to determine suitable business strategies for PT. David Roy Indonesia. IFE matrices, EFE, SWOT, and QSPM were employed to analyze the data. Results from IFE matrices indicated that the company's main strength is the vision of company with a score of 0.486 and the main drawback is the location of the plant with a score of 0.280. In addition, results from EFE matrices indicated that the main opportunity is government policies related to the export of coffee beans with a score of 0.397, and the main threat is government policy related to the import of processed coffee with a score of 0.266. The SWOT analysis results several alternative strategies and QSP matrices indicated that resources differentiation strategy getting the highest priority of all
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI IMPOR BERAS DI INDONESIA
Authors: Namira Yona , Nuhung Iskandar Andi , Najamuddin Mudatsir
Published: July 2019

This study aims to 1) identify factors that affect the import of rice in Indonesia 2) analyze the influence of these factors on imports of rice in Indonesia. The data used in this research are time series data from 1994 to 2013 from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Commerce, National Logistics Agency (Bulog), and Bank Indonesia. Multiple linear regression through SPSS software version 21 was employed to analyze the data. The test results together indicated the variables of productions, consumptions, stocks of rice, domestic rice prices, international rice prices and the rupiah against the US dollar affect the imports of rice in Indonesia.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MAHASISWA UNTUK BERWIRAUSAHA (Studi Kasus Mahasiswa AgribisnisUIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta)
Authors: Yasmin Aditiya , Najamuddin Mudatsir , Puspita Sari Rizki Adi
Published: July 2019

Entrepreneurship is the potential for development, both in number and quality of entrepreneurship itself. Indonesia faces the reality that the number of entrepreneurs is still small, at around 1,65% (Source: Berita Kementrian Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah, March 2015)), whereas it takes at least 2% of entrepreneurs to enable a prosperous country.This research was conducted by incorporating three factors that drive an action (Theory of Planned Behavior) which implemented as a supporting factor of entrepreneurship action; attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. The type of method used a quantitative analysis. Data was collected through questionnaires and documentation. Analysis technique used is multiple linear regression and using Likert scale for measurement. The population was a student of Agribusiness UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta from 2008, 2009, 2010,2011, and 2012. The sampling is using proportionate stratified random sampling. There are 80 respondents.This research has R square = 0,412. The results of the study showed: (1) attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control is influencing simultaneously to encourage students for being an entrepreneur (p < 0,05) (2) There was a positive influence (partially) in each factors: attitude (p < 0,05), subjective norms (p < 0,05), and perceived behavioral control (p < 0,05) to affect students in entrepreneurship.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PEMBENTUKAN HARGA BERAS DI INDONESIA
Authors: Setiawati Desi , Daris Edmon , Najamuddin Mudatsir
Published: July 2019

The test results obtained a value of adjusted Rsquare of 90.76%. These results indicate that the formation of rice prices in Indonesia can be explained by the independent variables used in the model is the production of rice, rice consumption, the price of imported rice, and the exchange rate of rupiah against the US dollar by 90.76%. While the remaining 9.24% is explained by other variables outside this research model. The joined test results indicate variables of domestic rice production, domestic rice consumption, the price of imported rice, and the exchange rate against the US dollar affect the formation of prices of rice in Indonesia with a value of F (42.77) is greater than F table (3.18 ) or probability value is 0.000000 <0.05. Partial test results found that the variable domestic rice production, domestic rice consumption, and the rupiah against the US dollar respectively significantly affect the domestic rice price variables at α = 0.05, whereas the variable import prices did not significantly affect variable domestic rice prices.
PENGARUH KESADARAN, PERSEPSI DAN PREFERENSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP PERILAKU KONSUMEN DALAM MENGKONSUMSI BUAH LOKAL DI KAWASAN PERPASARAN JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Murod Nailul , Rochaeni Siti , Ichdayati Lilis Imamah
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of consciousnesses, perceptions, and consumer preferences on consumer behaviors in consuming local fruits. The research was conducted in Slipi, Hypermart Puri Indah, Supermarket Kebon Jeruk, Minimarket in Kembangan area, and Specialty Stores of Rezeky Fresh Fruit Center. A total of 100 respondents were interviewed by using accidental sampling technique. Analysis descriptions and multiple regression analysis were employed to analyze the data. The results showed that the variables of consciousnesses, perceptions and customer preferences significantly affect consumer behavior in consuming local fruit.
ANALISIS PENGARUH CITRA MEREK, KUALITAS PRODUK, HARGA DAN DIFERENSIASI PRODUK TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PIZZA HUT DI JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Sabrina Nur Annisa Putri , E Elpawati , Nugraha Achmad Tjachja
Published: July 2019

The development of science and technology causing the rapid economic sectors and culture also affected. The development in culture sectors also can’t be avoided, one example of the development in this sectors is a lot of fast food are sold in Indonesia. According to the new survey of Master Card (titled Consumer Purchasing Priorities) contained in Suara Pembaharuan 2016, 805 Indonesian’s people prefer to eat on the fast food outlet, in the second rank are food court with 615, and in the third rank are middle class restaurant or cafe with 225. Meanwhile, there is 1% Indonesian’s people who choose to come to restaurant for fine dining. Pizza Hut is the first fast food in Indonesia which serve pizza as a main dish. Consumer’s behaviour is the most to be considered remember all of that company did constituted by the market demands. Purpose of this research are to (1) know the characteristic of Pizza Hut consumer in West Jakarta; (2) know the influence of brand image to decision purchase of Pizza Hut in West Jakarta; (3) know the influence of product quality to decision purchase of Pizza Hut in West Jakarta; (4) know the influence of prices to decision purchase of Pizza Hut in West Jakarta; and (5) know the influence of product diferentiation to purhase decision of Pizza Hut in West Jakarta. Based on result in this research, characteristic of Pizza Hut consumer are consumer with the age range of the 20-30 years, women, with employment status is student or college student, know about pizza hut product from banner or commercial advertisement and buy pizza hut just one time in a month. Result of regression multiple linear analysis are brand image, product quality and product diferentiation are not significant influence to purhase decision of pizza hut in trust rate of 95%. Although of that, prices is significant influence to purchase decision of Pizza Hut product in West Jakarta.
ANALISIS EFISIENSI TEKNIS USAHATANI PADI DI JAWA BARAT INDONESIA
Authors: Tinaprilla Netti , Kusnadi N. , Sanim B. , Hakim D. B.
Published: July 2019

Pada dasarnya penelitian ini mengkaji upaya peningkatan produksi padi melalui efisiensi teknis usahatani di Jawa Barat sebagai sentra produksi padi. Secara khusus tujuan operasionalnya yaitu : (1) Menentukan fungsi produksi stochastic frontier dan menganalisis faktor-faktornya, (2) Menentukan fungsi inefisiensi stochastic frontier dan menganalisis faktor-faktornya. Data yang digunakan adalah data PATANAS 2010 di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Pemilihan desa berdasarkan sebaran jumlah tipe desa sawah irigasi berbasis padi (tipe desa 1) menurut provinsi di Jawa Barat; Desa Tugu Kabupaten Indramayu, Desa Simpar Kabupaten Subang, dan Desa Sindang Sari Kabupaten Karawang dengan total 160 observasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan model produksi frontier parametric stokastik yang dirancang untuk mengatasi masalah error pada frontier parametric deterministik. Model disebut stokastik karena output yang diamati dibatasi oleh variabel stokastik (ß xi + vi). Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini Implikasinya adalah jika pemerintah hendak meningkatkan produksi padi, maka variabel lahan lah yang seharusnya menjadi perhatian utama dengan potensi lahan di Indonesia cukup besar terutama lahan kering. Selain lahan, variable bibit dan pupuk KCL  juga  signifikan  berpengaruh terhadap produksi. Masih kurangnya penggunaan kedua input ini dikarenakan harganya yang mahal. Selama ini subsidi lebih kepada pupuk urea sehingga implikasinya pemerintah perlu mendukung pengadaan benih dan pupuk KCL dengan harga yang terjangkau.  Rata-rata efisiensi teknis usahatani padi di Jawa Barat lebih dari 70% yaitu 74.22%  yang berarti kondisi usahatani padi di Jawa Barat telah efisien. Petani paling efisien memiliki nilai efisiensi teknis 96.34% dan yang paling rendah 40.125%. Variabel yang signifikan mempengaruhi inefisiensi yaitu mutu benih, intensitas penanaman padi (IP) dan musim.
STRATEGI PENGENDALIAN IMPOR HORTIKULTURA
Authors: Nuhung Iskandar Andi
Published: July 2019

Selama ini konsumsi  hortikultura masyarakat Indonesia relatif masih rendah jika dibandinggan negara Asean lainnya apalagi jika dibanding dengan negara maju seperti AS,Eropa dan Jepang. Sehingga dengan kenaikan pendapatan masyarakat mereka meningkatkan konsumsi produk hortikultura (dalam teori ekonomi disebut marginal propensity to consume =MPC masyarakat meningkat). Komoditi hortikultura buah dan sayuran yang memiliki elastisitas permintaan  cukup tinggi, mengisyaratkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat pendapatan seseorang maka permintaan akan barang tersebut akan semakin naik pula. Oleh karena itu adalah suatu hal yang normal dan  alami jika terjadi impor hortikultura ketika laju pertumbuhan permintaan lebih besar dari laju pertumbuhan suply dari produksi dalam negeri.  Indonesia sebagai negara tropis dan agraris, meskipun memiliki potensi sumber daya alam dan kekayaan genetik yang besar, namun tetap saja harus mengimpor produk pertanian tertentu termasuk produk hortikultura untuk memenuhi kebutuhan permintaan dalam negeri. Dalam era globalisasi saat ini, perdagangan barang dan jasa termasuk produk hortikultura, dihadapkan pada tantangan untuk menghadapi persaingan yang semakin ketat. Bagi negara berkembang seperti Indonesia yang memiliki potensi sumber daya alam yang besar untuk pengembangan hortikultura,dituntut untuk membangun dan mengembangkan strategi untuk mengendalikan impor produk-produk hortikultura, untuk memberi ruang gerak yang leluasa bagi produk dalam negeri untuk menjadi pemain utama di pasar domestik, baik karena pertimbangan ekonomi, sosial, dan kemandirian bangsa. Strategi promosi dan proteksi yang disederhanakan menjadi lima upaya pengendalian impor hortikultura perlu dirumuskan aplikasi dan operasionalisasinya, yang dipedomani oleh semua pihak di pusat dan daerah. Melalui strategi tersebut diharapkan produk hortikultura nasional dapat menjadi tuan dirumah sendiri, karena memiliki kemampuan bersaing yang tinggi.
BUDIDAYA PADI (Oryza sativa) DALAM WADAH DENGAN BERBAGAI JENIS PUPUK PADA SISTEM TANAM BERBEDA
Authors: Humaerah Armaeni Dwi
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh system tanam (hidroponik dan non hidroponik), ukuran wadah (pot)  dan pupuk majemuk terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam bentuk  percobaan, menggunakan rancangan petak-petak terbagi (split-split plot design). Petak utama adalah sistem budidaya (S), terdiri atas dua perlakuan yaitu sistem non-hidroponik (s1) dan hidroponik (s2).  Sebagai anak petak adalah diameter wadah tanam (pot)  (W), terdiri atas dua taraf, yakni pot berdiameter 30 cm (w1) dan pot berdiameter 40 cm (w2), sedangkan  anak-anak petaknya adalah jenis pupuk majemuk (P) dengan tiga perlakuan yakni pupuk organik cair Super V3 Hartani  (p1), pupuk hyponex (p2) dan pupuk AB mix (p3). Setiap perlakuan dikombinasikan dan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 36 unit perlakuan. Masing-masing unit perlakuan terdiri terdiri atas 2 tanaman sehingga keseluruhan terdapat 72 tanaman. Hasil pengamatan dan pengukuran dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam  (ANOVA) dan bila ada perlakuan yang berpengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT pada taraf alpha  0,05. Adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah Sistem tanam konvensional dapat memberikan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman padi yang lebih tinggi dari pada sistem hidroponik. Namun demikian, sistem hidroponik dapat memberikan hasil yang cukup layak untuk dikembangkan.  Diameter pot mempengaruhi  jumlah malai yang dihasilkan tanaman padi. Diameter 40 cm lebih menghasilkan malai yang lebih banyak daripada pot berdiameter 30 cm. Pupuk Super V3 Hartani, Hyponex  dan AB mix tidak memberikan pengaruh berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman padi. Tidak ada interaksi antara sistem tanam, diameter pot dan jenis pupuk dalam memperngaruhi pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman padi.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHATANI SAYURAN DI KELOMPOK TANI JAYA, DESA CIARUTEUN ILIR, KECAMATAN CIBUNGBULANG, KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Normansyah Dodi , Rochaeni Siti , Humaerah Armaeni Dwi
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis tingkat pendapatan dan efisiensi dari usahatani sayuran di kelompok Tani Jaya Desa Ciaruteun Ilir, adapun jenis sayuran yang menjadi fokus dalam penelitian ini adalah bayam, kangkung, dan caisim. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis pendapatan usahatani, analisis R/C ratio (Return Ana Cost ratio) yaitu analisis perbandingan antara penerimaan dan pengeluaran usahatani, analisis B/C ratio (Benefit and Cost ratio) yaitu analisis tingkat keuntungan dibandingkan dengan biaya usahatani, serta analisis BEP (Break Even Point) yaitu analisis titik impas. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian didapatkan dari wawancara langsung kepada petani yang tergabung dalam kelompok tani Jaya Desa Ciaruteum Ilir dan ditambahkan dengan data pendukung lain yang dapat menunjang dari studi literatur dan pustaka. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan usahatani dari kelompok tani Jaya Desa Ciaruteum Ilir sebesar Rp. 3.649.993/Ha/tahun/petani dan usahatani sayuran ini dinilai layak untuk dijalankan dan berprospek bagus untuk dikembangkan. Saran yang bisa diajukan setelah dilakukan penelitian ini adalah: 1) Data hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usahatani sayuran di kelompok Tani Jaya ini sangat menguntungkan dan efektif, hal tersebut juga menunjukkan bahwa usahatani sayuran ini mempunyai prospek yang bagus untuk dikembangkan dengan cara penambahan luas area tanam. Dengan bertambahnya luas areal serta pengelolaan yang bagus akan meningkatkan produksi dan diikuti dengan bertambahnya pendapatan petani. 2) Disarankan ada pelatihan manajemen yang baik terhadap para anggota kelompok tani. Baik itu pelatihan mengenai teknis usahatani maupun non teknis seperti pelatihan menganalisis usahatani dengan baik. Hasil analisis ini bisa dimanfaatkan untuk pengembangan usahatani terutama untuk mendapatkan pembiayaan dari lembaga peminjam modal.
ANALISIS EFISIENSI SALURAN PEMASARAN IKAN BANDENG DESA TAMBAK SARI, KECAMATAN TIRTAJAYA, KABUPATEN KARAWANG
Authors: Elpawati E, , Budiyanto Teguh , Zulmanery Z,
Published: July 2019

Tujuan penelitian yang  dicapai yaitu : (1) Menganalisis saluran pemasaran ikan bandeng yang terjadi di Desa Tambak Sari, Kecamatan Tirtajaya, Kabupaten Karawang, Jawa Barat. (2) Menganalisis efisiensi saluran pemasaran ikan bandeng dengan analisis margin pemasaran, rasio keuntungan dan biaya serta  farmer’sshare. Analisis perilaku pasar digunakan untuk meliput kegiatan yang tercipta diantara lembaga-lembaga pemasaran. Analisis perilaku pasar tersebut meliputi praktek lembaga-lembaga pemasaran. Analisis margin pemasaran digunakan untuk melihat tingkat efisiensi teknis ikan bandeng. Margin pemasaran merupakan perbedaan harga yanga terjadi di tingkat produsen (harga jual) dengan harga ditingkat konsumen (harga beli). Margin pemasaran dihitung berdasarkan hasil pengurangan harga penjualan dengan harga pembelian pada setiap lembaga pemasaran.Hasil penelitian didapatkan adalah 1. Pemasaran ikan bandeng di Desa Tambak Sari, Kecamatan Tirtajaya, Kabupaten Karawang terdapat tiga pola saluran yaitu :Saluran I:Petambak, Pedagang Pengecer, Konsumen. Saluran II:  Petambak,Pedagang Besar, Pedagang Pengecer,Konsumen. Saluran III:  Petambak, Pedagang Pengumpul,Pedagang Besar,Pedagang Pengecer,Konsumen. Efisiensi Pemasaran Berdasarkan hasil penghitungan bahwa saluran pemasaran yang efisien adalah saluran pemasaran (I), menggunakan konsep biaya pemasaran yang dilakukan dengan biaya terendah untuk komoditas ikan bandeng yaitu Rp 1.335 dan B/C Rasio besar yaitu 22,45. Berdasarkan perhitungan efisiensi pemasaran menggunakan konsep mampu mengadakan pembagian yang adil dari keseluruhan harga yang dibayar konsumen terakhir kepada semua pihak yang ikut serta di dalam kegiatan produksi dan pemasaran untuk komoditas ikan bandeng bahwa saluran pemasaran ikan bandeng yang efisien adalah saluran pemasaran (III). Keuntungan yang diterima lembaga pemasaran hampir merata yaitu, keuntungan petambak Rp 4.000, pedagang pengumpul Rp 760, pedagang besar Rp 1.010, Pedagang pengecer Rp 2.920.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI SUKROSA PADA INDUKSI EMBRIO SOMATIK DUA KULTIVAR KACANG TANAH (Arachis hypogaea L.) SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Inayah Titik
Published: July 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi sukrosa terhadap induksi embrio somatik kacang tanah pada setiap kultivar kacang tanah yang diuji dan mencari konsentrasi sukrosa yang paling baik untuk menginduksi embrio somatik pada setiap kultivar kacang tanah yang dicoba. Percobaan dilakukan pada dua kultivar kacang tanah, yaitu kacang tanah Jerapah dan kacang tanah Sima, percobaan ini dilaksanakan dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 10 ulangan. Setiap satuan percobaan terdiri dari 1 botol yang berisi 5 eksplan leaflet kacang tanah. Perlakuan yang diterapkan pada setiap kultivar dengan menggunakan berbagai konsentrasi sukrosa yaitu 0, 10, 20, 30, dan 40 g/l. Untuk variabel jumlah embrio, homogenitas ragam diuji dengan uji Bartlett. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan sidik ragam. Perbedaan nilai tengah perlakuan diuji dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf nyata 5%. Dari hasil penelitian dan pengamatan yang telah dilakukan, maka dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut yaitu, 1) Pada kultivar Jerapah, konsentrasi sukrosa berpengaruh terhadap rata-rata jumlah embrio somatik per eksplan dan persentase kalus embriogenik. Konsentrasi sukrosa dalam media yang baik dalam menghasilkan rata-rata embrio somatik per eksplan adalah 20 g/l. konsentrasi sukrosa dalam media yang optimum dalam menghasilkan pesentase kalus embriogenik adalah 10 dan 20 g/l. 2)Pada kultivar Sima, konsentrasi sukrosa dalam media yang baik dalam menghasilkan rata-rata embrio somatik per eksplan adalah 30 g/l. konsentrasi sukrosa dalam media yang optimum dalam menghasilkan persentase kalus embriogenik adalah 40 g/l.