bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Harnessing Technological Advancements for Enhanced Crop Management: A Study on Capsicum Phenology and Automation in Agriculture
Authors: KM Deepashri , Satheesh Kumar J , KV Santhosh
Published: December 2024

Background Current advancements in communication and information have important impacts on the agricultural sector. Technology has been instrumental in developing innovative approaches to enhancing farming productivity and efficiency while also addressing environmental concerns. With the aid of technology, researchers can collect and analyze vast amounts of agricultural data, enabling a deeper understanding of farming practices and facilitating more informed decision-making through cutting-edge techniques. Methods This study focused on the analysis of key agricultural crop parameters, including temperature, humidity, and soil moisture, across various phenological stages of Capsicum cultivation. Statistical hypothesis tests, including t tests and ANOVA, were conducted to identify significant differences in temperature, humidity, and soil moisture across the phenological stages. Results The results demonstrated substantial variability in these parameters, emphasizing the importance of tailored crop management strategies. Conclusion The insights gained from this statistical analysis can inform the development of autonomous crop management systems that adapt to specific crop needs, thereby enhancing productivity and sustainability in agriculture.
The quality of life of retirees as affected by Socio-economic factors in Southwestern Nigeria: An Interpretative Phenomenology
Authors: Adetunji Aderonke Julienne , Gumede Emelda Zandile
Published: December 2024

Background The importance of quality of life needs to be reviewed critically as the number of elderly people's life expectancy increases with the advances in science. Retirees in developing countries like Nigeria experience dwindling resources, increasing their vulnerability, and decreasing their quality of life. These problems range from reduced monthly pension payout, residential homes, the deteriorating economy of the country, as well as deteriorated health conditions due to ageing. The study aimed to explore retirees’ quality of life as influenced by socio-economic factors, in Southwestern Nigeria. Methods An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) design was used. The study population consisted of healthcare retirees from three purposefully selected states of Southwestern Nigeria. After gaining consent, data was collected through in-depth interviews and focused group discussions (FGDs). Both were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using the IPA procedures. This was then imported into NVivo Version 12. Results Respondents identified factors like social life adjustments and financial illiteracy as the main problem. Social status changes coupled with the inevitable ageing process only need adaptation. Government non-support of the senior citizens in the form of discounted food and medicine exacerbates the problem. The theme of “government support” and subthemes like “housing”, “socio-economic status”, “family responsibility”, and “health status” emerged. Conclusions Retirees cherish social relationships although their participation was limited by financial scarcity and ill-health. Encouraging social activities requires government support, networking, and family participation to improve the quality of life for the elderly.
Applications of GANIL Research Activities and Techniques
Authors: FARGET Fanny , Roussel-Chomaz Patricia , Chevalier François , Dessay Eloïse , Doré Diane , Ducret Jean-Eric , De France Gilles , Frelin Anne-Marie , Grygiel Clara , Guillous Stéphane , Ledoux Xavier , Lemasson Antoine , Ramos Diego
Published: December 2024

Since the first 40Ar beam accelerated 40 years ago at an energy of 44 MeV per nucleon, GANIL has undergone continuous evolution, with some major upgrades, to remain at the forefront of research in accelerator-based science. Because basic science in nuclear physics is closely linked to nuclear industry needs, GANIL can make significant contributions in the knowledge required for improving precision of nuclear data of interest for energy or health applications, as well as in the field of sustainable development. New facility NFS for neutron beams allows high accuracy nuclear data in neutron-induced reactions. Accelerated actinide beams like 238U or 232Th allow new-generation nuclear data in the field of nuclear fission. Heavy-ion beams allow the study of radiation in living organisms as part of the development of new cancer therapy techniques as well as space journeys. The instrumentation developed by GANIL offers modern dosimetry techniques for hadrontherapy. Finally, the irradiation of matter enables the investigation of new materials and more resistant electronic components for nuclear and space industries. Some of these developments are done in collaboration with local or national industries to develop the skills and innovation to meet future challenges
Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST) Science: Planetary and Cometary Atmospheres
Authors: Cordiner Martin , Thelen Alexander , Cavalie Thibault , Cosentino Richard , Fletcher Leigh N. , Gurwell Mark , de Kleer Katherine , Kuan Yi-Jehng , Lellouch Emmanuel , Moullet Arielle , Nixon Conor , de Pater Imke , Teanby Nicholas , Butler Bryan , Charnley Steven , Milam Stefanie , Moreno Raphael , Booth Mark , Klaassen Pamela , Cicone Claudia , Mroczkowski Tony , Di Mascolo Luca , Johnstone Doug , van Kampen Eelco , Lee Minju , Liu Daizhong , Maccarone Thomas , Saintonge Amelie , Smith Matthew , Wedemeyer Sven
Published: December 2024

The study of planets and small bodies within our Solar System is fundamental for understanding the formation and evolution of the Earth and other planets. Compositional and meteorological studies of the giant planets provide a foundation for understanding the nature of the most commonly observed exoplanets, while spectroscopic observations of the atmospheres of terrestrial planets, moons, and comets provide insights into the past and present-day habitability of planetary environments, and the availability of the chemical ingredients for life. While prior and existing (sub)millimeter observations have led to major advances in these areas, progress is hindered by limitations in the dynamic range, spatial and temporal coverage, as well as sensitivity of existing telescopes and interferometers. Here, we summarize some of the key planetary science use cases that factor into the design of the Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST), a proposed 50-m class single dish facility: (1) to more fully characterize planetary wind fields and atmospheric thermal structures, (2) to measure the compositions of icy moon atmospheres and plumes, (3) to obtain detections of new, astrobiologically relevant gases and perform isotopic surveys of comets, and (4) to perform synergistic, temporally-resolved measurements in support of dedicated interplanetary space missions. The improved spatial coverage (several arcminutes), resolution (~ 1.2″ − 12″), bandwidth (several tens of GHz), dynamic range (~ 105) and sensitivity (~ 1 mK km s−1) required by these science cases would enable new insights into the chemistry and physics of planetary environments, the origins of prebiotic molecules and the habitability of planetary systems in general.
The world in transition: the evolution of the world order as a challenge for the European Union
Authors: Barburska Olga
Published: December 2024

The objective of this essay is to substantiate the research thesis that one of the most significant challenges facing the European Union (EU) from its international environment is the ongoing transformation of the global order. To support this thesis, it is essential to address two primary research questions: firstly, how these changes are taking place and what are their inherent characteristics, and secondly, to what extent do these changes impact the European Union as a global actor? To investigate this issue, the author employed a research methodology that incorporates the dichotomy between the theories of realism and normativism. This dual-theoretical framework facilitated the drawing of conclusions that substantiate the thesis presented in this work.
Determining the timing and extent of amputation in symmetrical
peripheral gangrene: a report of three cases from Korea
Authors: Deslivia Maria Florencia , Lee Hyun-Joo , Jeon In-Ho , Kochhar Hemanshu , Kim Hyo-Jin , Kim Poong-Taek
Published: December 2024

Symmetrical peripheral gangrene is a severe condition marked by symmetric acral
necrosis without obstruction of the major blood vessels. This case report
examines the critical decisions involved in choosing between early and delayed
amputation, as well as determining the extent of the necessary amputation. We
present three cases: one involving antiphospholipid syndrome, another with
disseminated intravascular coagulation, and a third associated with diabetes
mellitus. All three cases ultimately required amputation due to symmetrical
peripheral gangrene. In the first two cases, amputation was delayed, which is
typically advantageous as it allows for the clear demarcation of necrotic
tissue. However, in the third case, where infection was evident, immediate
amputation was necessary despite the patient's overall poor health.
Balancing Changes. Seventy Years of People’s Republic of China
Authors: Kupś Hanna , Rogacz Dawid , Dahl Michał , Szatkowski Maciej
Published: December 2024

The book offers a comprehensive overview of changes in Chinese society in the last seventy years, since the formation of the People’s Republic of China. Within its pages, several authors focus on Chinese policy, as to how China is perceived, its relations with other countries, and related topics, such as Chinese soft power. There are also valuable chapters that focus on the transformation of language, and the use of classical Chinese in modern society, reflecting aspects of Chinese culture, and in particular the challenges of creating contemporary literature. The book portrays China through an interdisciplinary approach, which is innovative and deserves acclaim. I highly recommend this book to all interested in China, its activity on international arena, its society and culture.

Head of Department of East Asian Studies
Director of Confucius Institute
Comenius University in Bratislava

This important volume makes a significant contribution to our understanding of the political, social, and cultural changes within mainland China since the founding of the People’s Republic seventy years ago. Organized according to four broad thematic categories and focusing on change in its many manifestations, the contributions examine the legacy of Maoism in contemporary China, the transformations of language and literature, and the constant rethinking of art and culture as well as China’s present-day political and economic aspirations. With its focus on macro- and micro-historical and cultural developments along with its inclusion of substantial Chinese-language scholarship, this volume offers a great deal both to sinologists and students alike.

Dr Andreea Chirita
Department of Chinese Studies
University of Bucharest
Просто сосед, паразит или враг-антагонист? Трансформация образа польско-российских отношений в школьных учебниках Российской Империи (1721–1917)
Authors: Boridczenko Stanisław
Published: December 2024

W jaki sposób autorzy podręczników Cesarstwa Rosyjskiego opisywali relacje polsko-rosyjskie? Czy traktowali je jako przejaw odwiecznej rywalizacji dwóch organizmów państwowo-narodowych, czy też patrzyli na nie w sposób bardziej przychylny? A być może w Cesarstwie Rosyjskim nie istniał jeden spójny kanon? Poniższy artykuł stanowi próbę znalezienia odpowiedzi na tak postawione pytanie badawcze w oparciu o szeroko zakrojoną kwerendę źródłową.
Sowiecka kultura wobec rozprzestrzeniania kultury ukraińskiej w świecie w latach dwudziestych XX wieku jako narzędzie wojny przeciwko tożsamości ukraińskiej
Authors: Matiash Iryna
Published: December 2024

W artykule przeanalizowano formy reprezentacji kultury ukraińskiej w obcych krajach w latach dwudziestych XX w. Barierą wejścia kultury ukraińskiej na światowy rynek sztuki była kontrola sowiecka, dążąca do pozbawienia kultury ukraińskiej cech i tradycji narodowych, narzucająca kulturze ukraińskiej nowe wartości państwa totalitarnego ZSRR. Do głównych narzędzi tej kontroli należały: regulowanie kontaktów artystów ukraińskich z zagranicą, łączenie promocji kultury ukraińskiej z promocją kultury rosyjskiej oraz nadzór sowieckich misji dyplomatycznych nad wyjazdami ludzi kultury z Ukrainy. Tak toczyła się ukryta wojna z tożsamością ukraińską, która na początku lat trzydziestych przybrała formę otwartego terroru wobec inteligencji ukraińskiej.
Działalność statutowa oddziałów żeńskich Łemko-Sojuzu w Kanadzie (1935–1939). Wybrane aspekty
Authors: Moklak Jarosław
Published: December 2024

W latach trzydziestych XX w. Łemkowie utworzyli w Kanadzie kilkanaście oddziałów i grup Związku Łemkowskiego w prowincjach: Ontario (Toronto, Hamilton, Windsor, Fort William, Port Arthur), Quebec (Montreal, Arvida, Val-d’Or), Alberta (Edmonton, Edson) i Manitoba (Winnipeg). W tekście przedstawiono wybrane aspekty działalności oddziałów żeńskich w Toronto (nr 8) i Montrealu (nr 11) na tle działalności oddziałów męskich i koedukacyjnych. Artykuł zawiera m.in. dane statystyczne dotyczące funduszy zbieranych na cele statutowe przez oddziały żeńskie.
Molinos harineros en el reino de Aragón (siglos XIV-XVI).
Authors: Navarro Espinach Germán
Published: December 2024

Los estudios de caso significativos sobre la explotación de recursos naturales y la organización de actividades productivas en los espacios interiores de la Corona de Aragón en los siglos XIV-XVI constituyen un reto de
investigación prioritario en los últimos años. Por esa razón, este artículo plantea
un estado de la cuestión con algunos documentos inéditos sobre las instalaciones
industriales más importantes que hubo en época medieval: los molinos harineros.
El análisis llevado a cabo se concentra en el territorio específico del antiguo reino
de Aragón y aborda cuestiones como el número de molinos que había, su localización, la tipología que tenían, cómo era la organización del trabajo en su ámbito,
qué ordenanzas municipales se aprobaron al respecto, las formas de gestión o los
ritmos de producción. El objetivo es seleccionar cuáles son los ejemplos mejor
documentados para profundizar en ellos en perspectiva comparada con otros estudios similares
La alimentación en La Isabela, ciudad fundada por Cristóbal Colón (1494-1498).
Authors: Sánchez de Mora Antonio
Published: December 2024

La primera comunidad hispana en las Antillas, establecida en la
nueva ciudad de La Isabela, se enfrentó a al reto de sobrevivir y, al mismo tiempo,
a un primer encuentro entre las gastronomías hispana y americana. Pese a su corta
existencia, representa una etapa decisiva y necesaria para el devenir de la colonia.
Las dificultades inherentes a la conquista, con el consiguiente choque cultural
y biológico y sus dramáticas consecuencias para los nativos, no impidieron una
transformación de aquellas sociedades desde la perspectiva alimentaria, realidad
que se puede observar a través de lo sucedido en aquella población.
Cautivos cristianos en Vélez-Málaga en época de los Reyes Católicos.
Authors: González Arévalo Raúl
Published: December 2024

A falta de protocolos notariales, el presente artículo aborda el cautiverio en Vélez-Málaga a partir de los Libros del Repartimiento. Se trata de una
información muy útil para el estudio del fenómeno, evidenciando su evolución en
tres fases decisivas: los últimos años de dominio musulmán, el final de la Guerra
de Granada y el comienzo de la frontera de allende. Los datos recabados, inéditos,
se encuadran en la dinámica observada para el resto de la costa del reino de Granada en la transición de la Edad Media a la Edad Moderna.
Los estudios organizacionales en Colombia: una mirada al avance alcanzado y al camino en construcción
Authors: Sanabria Mauricio , Saavedra Mayorga Juan Javier , Gonzales Miranda Diego René , Montoya Restrepo Iván Alonso , Montoya Restrepo Luz Alexandra , Anzola Morales Olga Lucía , Ocampo Salazar Carmen Alejandra
Published: December 2024

El capítulo que aquí se presenta, el cual fue elaborado por un equipo de académicos pertenecientes a esta red, tiene como objetivo comprender los principales antecedentes, el desarrollo, el estado actual y algunas perspectivas del campo de los estudios administrativos y organizacionales en Colombia. Con esta investigación se busca dar cuenta de aspectos destacados de la realidad colombiana en lo que se refiere a este campo de conocimiento, así como articular algunos de los trabajos e iniciativas más relevantes desarrollados en el país a las conversaciones que están permitiendo generar una comunidad académica en América Latina alrededor de la Red de Estudios Organizacionales de Latinoamérica (REOL).
The Crowdfunding Effects on Venture Capital Investment
Authors: Hu Ming , Jin Yannan , Keppo Jussi
Published: December 2024

We examine the impact of crowdfunding on venture capital (VC) investments in the presence of competition among VC firms. Our economic model comprises a startup, a crowdfunding platform, and two VC firms, each with its own perception of the startup’s potential. The startup seeks equity funding from the VC firms and decides on the size of its equity offer. If the VC firms decline to invest, the startup pivots to crowdfunding. Following the crowdfunding campaign, all firms update their beliefs about the startup’s likelihood of success based on the crowdfunding outcome, prompting the VC firms to revisit their investment decisions, now with a reduced equity offer if the crowdfunding outcome was positive. This study provides theoretical underpinnings at the firm level for the observed aggregate-level empirical relationships, both positive and negative, between crowdfunding and VC investments. Specifically, based on our model, the positive relationship, where increased crowdfunding activity leads to a rise in subsequent VC investments, is attributed to startups that fail to secure VC funding in the absence of a crowdfunding platform but succeed in attracting VC attention after a successful crowdfunding campaign. In contrast, the negative relationship is attributed to highly valued startups that could have secured VC funding without crowdfunding, but with crowdfunding, VC firms choose to defer their investment decision until after the crowdfunding campaign’s result is known; on the one hand, a successful crowdfunding outcome lowers their post-crowdfunding VC investment demand, and on the other hand, an unsuccessful outcome deters potential VC investors. Besides these relationships, we also identify another dynamic, where the option of accessing crowdfunding raises VC investment, even if the startup does not actually launch a crowdfunding campaign.

This paper was accepted by Sridhar Tayur, entrepreneurship and innovation.

Funding: This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [Grants RGPIN-2015-06757 and RGPIN-2021-04295] and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 71901135].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.00994 .
A CADAVERIC STUDY ASSESSING SAFETY PROFILE FOR USING ANTEROLATERAL (PROXIMAL, MID AND DISTAL) AND POSTEROLATERAL PORTAL IN ELBOW ARTHROSCOPY AND EVALUATING VARIATIONS IN THE COURSE OF VITAL SURROUNDING NERVES
Authors: Sharma Amit , Kalra Mukesh , Rajneesh  , Agarwal Sneh
Published: December 2024

Objective

Neurological injuries are most common complication, which has refrained many surgeons from opting elbow arthroscopy for indicated surgeries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of anterolateral (AL) and posterolateral (PL) portals and chances of injury to the radial nerve and posterior interosseous nerve around the elbow joint during elbow arthroscopy.

Material & Methods

A cadaveric study was conducted on 16 non dissected cadavers (32 elbow specimens) between the period of January 2021 to June 2022. Four portals were established using 4 mm Steinmann pins which are Proximal AL Portal, Mid-AL Portal, Distal AL Portal and PL Portal. The measurements of each portal were taken for each nerve and compared with each other.

Results

In our study, the mean age was 56.5 years. Proximal AL Portal was found to be at an average distance of 12.03 mm from radial nerve, 9.48 mm from the PIN and 9.35 mm from the PACN (Posterior Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve). Distal AL Portal was at an average distance of 7.95 mm away from the radial nerve which closest to radial nerve amongst all portals. The radial nerve had the most risk of being injured out of all the nerves in the AL and PL portals followed by PIN and PACN in AL portal. Ulnar nerve was found safe in the PL portal.

Conclusion

The PL portal was safer than the AL portal for conducting elbow arthroscopy. Care should be taken specially to protect radial nerve while performing elbow arthroscopy.
OUTCOMES OF SACROILIAC JOINT FUSION
Authors: Drake B , Purushothaman B
Published: December 2024

Objectives

Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is a degenerative condition that can result in low back pain and is likely underdiagnosed. Diagnosis is made clinically with the patient experiencing pain in the sacroiliac joint region. Initial management is non-operative with pain management, physiotherapy, injections, and rhizolysis. If these fail then surgical management, by sacroiliac joint fusion, can be considered. The aim of this study was to review the outcomes of all patients who underwent sacroiliac joint fusion by a single surgeon in a large district general hospital between April 2018 and April 2023.

Design and Methods

A retrospective review of all patients who underwent sacroiliac joint fusion between April 2018 and April 2023 was conducted. Data was collected from clinical letters, operative notes, and the British Spinal Registry. Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for back and leg pain were recorded as well as any post-operative complications.

Results

In total 19 patients underwent sacroiliac joint fusion. Mean age was 47 years (range 27 – 69 years). Nine were right sided procedures and ten were left. The mean BMI was 32.3. ODI improved from a mean of 55 pre-operative to 26 at one year and 15 at two years post-operative. VAS for back pain improved from a mean of six pre-operative to three at one year and one at two years post-operative. VAS for leg pain improved from a mean of five pre-operative to four at one year and zero at two years post-operative. There were no surgical site complications. One patient developed trochanteric bursitis post-operatively. Two patients have since undergone sacroiliac joint fusion on the contralateral side with a further patient awaiting contralateral surgery.

Conclusion

In patients with sacroiliac joint pain where non-operative measures have failed to control symptoms sacroiliac joint fusion is a reliable and effective surgical option.
Wall-to-wall worker organizing in the university: the Coalition of Rutgers Unions
Authors: Gray Paul Christopher , House Jordan
Published: December 2024

Workers at Rutgers University, the state university of New Jersey, US, have formed the Coalition of Rutgers Unions (CRU). This workplace-based union coalition engages in wall-to-wall organizing, which seeks to include every Rutgers worker, irrespective of occupation, status, or union affiliation. This form of coalition creatively retains the benefits of certified unions while navigating the sectionalism encouraged by American labour laws. CRU’s recovery of traditional organizing principles amid neoliberal conditions is a new industrial unionism. It is thereby an example of the union renewal affirmed by proponents of social movement unionism. CRU is also an organizational model for workers in large, complex, heterogeneous workplaces with multiple existing unions. This article draws from qualitative interviews with CRU activists to discuss its participants, structure, activities, and its role in a victorious 2023 strike at Rutgers University.
From dispersed practices to radical socio-technical imaginaries: the role of action labs for supporting collective energy citizenship
Authors: Sahakian Marlyne , Zhan Mallory , Epp Julia , Liste Lucia , Nilsen Berit T. , Schibel Karl-Ludwig , Reusswig Fritz , Aalto Pasi , Haider Julia , Kirchler Benjamin , Kollmann Andrea
Published: December 2024

How to engage diverse groups of people in the energy transition in Europe is a pressing issue, one that requires grappling with the role of collectivities and social change dynamics. Based on the results of multi-form Citizen Action Labs (CAL) in four European cities, this article details the different ways in which energy citizenship was practised, drawing from an analysis of survey and workshop data, national reports, and exchanges between research team members. From tiny houses in Overhalla, renewable energy production in Berlin and citizen-led action plans for the climate in both Città di Castello and Geneva, the CALs had different objectives, but all revealed how citizens, research teams and local partners engage with technical solutions, as an established socio-technical imaginary, as well as sufficiency measures and collective political action, as emerging and more radical socio-technical imaginaries. We introduce ‘dispersed’ practices, such as planning and imagining, as central to collective forms of action, and differentiate individual action from collective action in relation to complexity, defined as increased coordination. We demonstrate how citizen collectives are limited by more complex dynamics, such as existing infrastructures or regulations. In the conclusion, we highlight what measures could be taken to further support collective energy citizenship in the future.
A Spectrum of Violence: The Intersection of Antemortem and Postmortem Embodiment in Migrant Death Investigation at the US-Mexico Border
Authors: Kaplan Molly , Znachko Caroline
Published: December 2024

The objective of this literature review is to examine how the humanitarian crisis of migrant death at the US-Mexico border epitomizes the antemortem and postmortem dimensions of structural violence and the lasting effects it can have on the human body. The review aims to expose biological scientists to applied embodiment research in the US-Mexico border context and to further dialogues on the utility of embodiment in medicolegal spheres. After describing the ongoing migrant death crisis, the article reviews embodiment constructs in biological anthropology pertaining to structural violence and marginalization across the life course. It then surveys studies examining skeletal and dental biomarkers of structural violence as embodied in migrant populations, including oral pathology, dental modifications, porotic
hyperostosis, cribra orbitalia, enamel hypoplasia, cranial fluctuating asymmetry, vertebral neural canal size, and stature. These studies, conducted in forensic institutions with data collected through casework, provide evidence of structural vulnerabilities faced by different migrant groups and demonstrate that the migrant lived experience is not uniform. After death, the bodies and material artifacts of those who perish while migrating further embody structural violence by reflecting the arduousness of the journey, undergoing taphonomic changes, and receiving treatment that often leads to further erasure. While many migrant decedents disappear in desert and ranchland environments, those who are found are often trapped in the medicolegal system, either undergoing further bodily destruction for the purpose of identification or being buried in unmarked graves without proper investigation. To exemplify the various postmortem trajectories of migrant individuals, the authors describe the investigative experiences of Operation Identification (OpID), a humanitarian forensic initiative in Texas, highlighting the realities of how embodiment principles are incorporated into migrant death casework. Throughout forensic exhumations and the identification process, OpID regularly encounters the biological and circumstantial evidence of violence reviewed throughout the article. The authors concludes by discussing future directions for integrating embodiment frameworks into death investigation around the country.
Optimized alkali atom cooling scheme using a transmission-grating-based magneto-optical trap
Authors: Liu Zheyu , Li Muming , Wei Shiming , Zhan Zhiming , Zhu Xiaolong , Liu Xiaochi
Published: December 2024

Traditional magneto-optical traps are often bulky and complex, which limits their application in portable and scalable technologies. In this study, we propose a method for generating cold atoms using a transmission-grating-based magneto-optical trap (TGMOT). This approach addresses the limitations of traditional magneto-optical traps using a transmission-grating design that simplifies the optical configuration, allowing for efficient atom capture with a single incident beam. Our theoretical model demonstrates that the TGMOT maintains balanced forces on the trapped atoms, thereby enhancing cooling and capture efficiency compared to existing grating-based systems. Experimental results indicate that the TGMOT has a high atom-capture rate and capacity. The proposed TGMOT scheme represents a promising avenue for developing miniaturized portable quantum sensing devices, atomic clocks, and other compact quantum technologies.
Optimization analysis for the maximum pairing length of mode-pairing quantum key distribution
Authors: Zhou Xing-Yu , Hu Jia-Rui , Zhang Chun-Hui , Wang Qin
Published: December 2024

Mode-pairing quantum key distribution (MP-QKD) circumvents the need for phase locking through post-selection pairing, still allowing it to surpass the repeaterless rate-transmittance limit. This protocol, therefore, presents a promising approach for practical QKD implementation. Without phase locking and tracking, the performance of the laser, channel, and detector critically affects the determination of the maximum pairing length l in pairing strategies. However, previous studies have typically set l based on empirical data without conducting a thorough analysis. In this study, to more accurately reflect real-world conditions, we consider fiber fluctuations, laser linewidth, laser frequency offset, and after-pulse effect to quantify the systematic misalignment determined by l. We employ the three-intensity decoy-state method, accounting for the finite data-size effect, to evaluate the impact of l in practical scenarios. Our simulation results demonstrate significant enhancements achievable through the optimal selection of l. Therefore, this study provides valuable insights for the advancement of future MP-QKD experiments and applications.
Electronic and structural characteristics of a polycrystalline IrO2:Li/(100)-oriented Si pn heterojunction
Authors: Alquwayzani Abdullah , Braic Laurentiu , Hassine Mohamed Ben , Hedhili Mohamed N. , Al Ibrahim Redha H. , Anjum Dalaver H. , Ng Tien Khee , Alfaraj Nasir , Ooi Boon S.
Published: December 2024

Achieving optimal band alignment and efficient p-type conductivity is a critical challenge for the heterogeneous integration of wide bandgap materials onto silicon (Si), a key step in revolutionizing next-generation integrated circuits (ICs). In this work, we report what we believe to be the first investigation of the heterojunction formed by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) growth of lithium-doped iridium oxide (IrO2:Li) on (100)-oriented Si. The IrO2:Li films exhibit a polycrystalline structure with a preferred (200) out-of-plane orientation, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Monochromated electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) measurements revealed an electronic bandgap of 2.90 eV for the IrO2:Li film, which is corroborated by photoluminescence (PL) measurements and consistent with prior work on undoped IrO2. Electrical characterization demonstrated p-type conductivity with a high carrier concentration, comparable to that of epitaxial IrO2 films. The valence and conduction band offsets at the IrO2:Li/Si heterointerface were determined to be 0.76 ± 0.10 and 2.54 ± 0.10 eV, respectively, using high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HRXPS), indicating a type-II (staggered) band alignment. The combination of wide bandgap, p-type conductivity, and favorable band alignment with Si makes PLD-grown IrO2:Li a promising candidate for future optoelectronic and power devices integrated with Si technology.
Using knowledge translation to support the use of evaluation findings: A case study of the linda mama free maternity program in Kenya
Authors: Guleid Fatuma H. , Orangi Stacey , Kairu Angela , Arwa Brian , Keru Janet , Musuva Anne , Vilcu Ileana , Pattnaik Anooj , Ravishankar Nirmala , Barasa Edwine
Published: December 2024

Using program evaluation findings is crucial in improving health programs and realising the program’s benefits. In this article, we report on how a knowledge translation (KT) approach supported the use of evaluation findings to improve the Linda Mama free maternity program in Kenya. We used a case study design employing qualitative approaches to describe our KT strategy and its impact on evaluation use. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews of participants (n = 25) in three Kenyan counties following dissemination of the evaluation findings and co-production of action plans based on the evaluation. The findings suggest modest improvements in the implementation of Linda Mama in 3 Kenyan counties facilitated by application of the evaluation findings. However, these improvements were not uniform across and within the counties. Challenges such as the COVID-19 restrictions, lack of infrastructure and delayed reimbursement of funds hindered the full implementation of the action plans. The KT strategy was a key facilitator for the improvements. The dissemination and deliberation workshops provided learning spaces for stakeholders, ensuring that each perspective was considered. The participatory method used in developing the action plans also improved communication between stakeholder groups. Participants reported that this approach made aware them of the gaps in implementation and motivated them to realise the full potential of the Linda Mama program. Using KT, especially when evaluating and refining the implementation of complex health programs with multiple stakeholders, is useful in improving the uptake of evaluation findings. However, it can be challenging to sustain such engagement with stakeholders. In addition, contextual factors that affect uptake need to be considered and navigated. Finally, significant investment (both in human resource and financial) in such approaches is required if KT is to be successful.
Advancing food security: Rice yield estimation framework using time-series satellite data & machine learning
Authors: Tiwari Varun , Thorp Kelly , Tulbure Mirela G. , Gray Joshua , Kamruzzaman Mohammad , Krupnik Timothy J. , Sankarasubramanian A. , Ardon Marcelo
Published: December 2024

Timely and accurately estimating rice yields is crucial for supporting food security management, agricultural policy development, and climate change adaptation in rice-producing countries such as Bangladesh. To address this need, this study introduced a workflow to enable timely and precise rice yield estimation at a sub-district scale (1,000-meter spatial resolution). However, a significant gap exists in the application of remote sensing methods for government-reported rice yield estimation for food security management at high spatial resolution. Current methods are limited to specific regions and primarily used for research, lacking integration into national reporting systems. Additionally, there is no consistent yearly boro rice yield map at a sub-district scale, hindering localized agricultural decision-making. This workflow leveraged MODIS and annual district-level yield data to train a random forest model for estimating boro rice yields at a 1,000-meter resolution from 2002 to 2021. The results revealed a mean percentage root mean square error (RMSE) of 8.07% and 12.96% when validation was conducted using reported district yields and crop-cut yield data, respectively. Additionally, the estimated yield of boro rice varies with an uncertainty range between 0.40 and 0.45 tons per hectare across Bangladesh. Furthermore, a trend analysis was performed on the estimated boro rice yield data from 2002 to 2021 using the modified Mann-Kendall trend test with a 95% confidence interval (p < 0.05). In Bangladesh, 23% of the rice area exhibits an increasing trend in boro rice yield, 0.11% shows a decreasing trend, and 76.51% of the area demonstrates no trend in rice yield. Given that this is the first attempt to estimate boro rice yield at 1,000-meter spatial resolution over two decades in Bangladesh, the estimated mid-season boro rice yield estimates are scalable across space and time, offering significant potential for strengthening food security management in Bangladesh. Furthermore, the proposed workflow can be easily applied to estimate rice yields in other regions worldwide.
Phosphorus-independent role of FGF23 in erythropoiesis and iron homeostasis
Authors: Park Min Young , Agoro Rafiou , Jankauskas Stanislovas S. , Le Henaff Carole , Sitara Despina
Published: December 2024

A number of studies have reported an association between phosphorus, red blood cell (RBC) production, and iron metabolism. However, it is difficult to distinguish whether the effect of phosphorus is direct or through the actions of FGF23, and it is not clear whether phosphorus is positively or negatively associated with RBC production. In the present study, we investigated the effects of a) increased phosphorus load and b) phosphorus deficiency on erythropoiesis and iron metabolism in association with FGF23. Mice were fed either a 1.2% or 1.65% phosphorus diet and compared to mice fed a control diet containing 0.6% of phosphorus. Moreover, we used two mouse models of hypophosphatemia—induced either by dietary intervention in the form of a low phosphorus (LP) diet (0.02% of Pi) or genetically in a mouse model of X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH)–that had opposite FGF23 levels. Phosphorus supplementation appropriately increased FGF23 levels leading to excretion of excess phosphorus and normalization of serum phosphorus levels. We also found that a phosphorus-rich diet results in inflammation-induced hypoferremia associated with reduced iron export leading to tissue iron overload. Moreover, high phosphorus intake results in ineffective erythropoiesis caused by decreased production (decreased RBCs, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythroid progenitors in the bone marrow) and increased destruction of RBCs, leading to anemia despite increased EPO secretion. These complications occur through the actions of elevated FGF23 in the presence of normophosphatemia. Our data also show that LP diet induces a decrease in the serum concentrations of phosphorus and FGF23, resulting in increased RBC counts, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit compared to mice fed normal diet. Moreover, serum iron and transferrin saturation were increased and positively correlated with serum ferritin, liver ferritin protein and mRNA expression in mice fed LP diet. However, hyp mice, the murine model of XLH, exhibit hypophosphatemia and high serum FGF23 levels, along with low number of circulating RBCs, hemoglobin, and hematocrit compared to wild-type mice. In the bone marrow, hyp mice showed reduced number of erythroid progenitors and formed significantly less BFU-E colonies compared to control mice. Serum iron levels and transferrin saturation were also decreased in hyp mice in comparison to control mice. Taken together, our data show that FGF23 acts independent of phosphorus levels to regulate erythropoiesis and iron homeostasis.
Cell number regulation occurs during the pre-gastrulation period of postimplantation development in double chimeric mouse embryos
Authors: Krawczyk Katarzyna , Oślislok Magdalena , Gałązkiewicz Anna , Szpila Marcin , Maleszewski Marek
Published: December 2024

Aggregates of two mouse embryos produce viable offspring of normal size, indicating that there are mechanisms in the embryo that can downregulate their size to the size of the corresponding normal (single) embryos. Very little is known about the mechanisms controlling compensation for increased preimplantation size. Also, it is still elusive when exactly during development chimeric embryos regulate their size. Here, we determined the exact period of size regulation in chimeras. Using a chimeric embryo produced by aggregating two 8-cell stage embryos, we revealed that size regulation initiates shortly after implantation (E5.5) and ends with the start of gastrulation (E7.5). Importantly, processes that regulate cell number in chimeric embryos do not disturb morphogenesis, so that the formation of the proamniotic cavity occurs in parallel with size regulation.
El maestro (1921-1923): tentativas literarias en la propuesta cultural vasconcelista
Authors: Navarro Zárate Raúl , Lovato Sagrado Antonio
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo se propone analizar, en clave pedagógica, la propuesta literaria de El Maestro, Revista de Cultura Nacional, que fue publicada desde el año 1921 al 1923 y representa uno de los hitos de la propuesta cultural vasconcelista. Para ello, primero, se aborda la autobiografía de José Vasconcelos en su vinculación con los libros como parte decisiva para confeccionar toda una política vinculada a la lectura, por alta estima hacia el libro y la biblioteca. En segundo lugar, se explora la revista, sus aspiraciones educativas y su composición como objeto cultural del México posrevolucionario. Finalmente, se aborda la propuesta literaria para –a través de pequeñas historias, cuentos o fábulas– repensar la figura del maestro, las enseñanzas y las experiencias educativas que en el acto de lectura se producen.
An improved working definition of truth
Authors: Cop Christophe
Published: December 2024

The concept of truth has long been a subject of philosophical debate. This paper proposes a probabilistic approach to defining truth by extending the concept of truth value from a binary to a continuous variable. Truth value is defined as the degree of correspondence between a statement and what it refers to. A simple mathematical formulation is offered and compared to a Bayesian approach.

This paper illustrates the use of this definition using some simple examples such as the shape of the Earth. A brief discussion on how this definition can impact different fields is provided, along with potential applications.
A FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DO PROFESSOR DE GEOGRAFIA E AS MUDANÇAS EM PERCURSO: COMPREESÃO CRÍTICA PARA LECIONAR NO ENSINO HÍBRIDO
Authors: Silva Maria Edwirges Gomes da , Melo Josandra Araújo Barreto de
Published: December 2024

Objetivando favorecer a reflexão dos professores acerca do seu papel crítico diante das mudanças educacionais que estão sendo apresentadas como indispensáveis, discutiremos neste trabalho a formação inicial do professor de geografia e as perspectivas para o trabalho com o ensino híbrido na educação básica com uma perspectiva crítica em relação às reformas curriculares de orientação neoliberal. Para tanto, realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa, na modalidade colaborativa, com 16 licenciandos do curso de Geografia da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba - UEPB, com o intuito de não apenas investigar as suas concepções quanto ao objeto investigado, mas, sobretudo, refleti-las e construir novas possibilidades para o ensino. Fizemos a aplicação de questionário, desenvolvimento de oficinas formativas, elaboração de planos de aula e contínuas discussões. Vimos que os modelos híbridos de ensino se encontram intimamente relacionados aos interesses neoliberais de redução de custos da educação pública e manutenção de um projeto de educação nacional alinhada ao perfil do mercado. A pesquisa pôde ampliar os horizontes para a formação de professores de Geografia, colaborando com estratégias para a prática de hibridização do ensino de forma crítica.
APRENDIZAGEM BASEADA EM PROJETOS (ABP): PROPOSTA DIDÁTICA NO ENSINO REMOTO DE GEOGRAFIA
Authors: Ferreira Kalina Fernanda Cavalcanti , Melo Josandra Araújo Barreto de
Published: December 2024

A Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos (ABP) é uma metodologia ativa, que permite a problematização da realidade, na qual os alunos buscam, de forma cooperativa, soluções para os problemas do mundo real, proporcionando a formação de cidadãos crítico-reflexivos. Nesse contexto, a ABP no ensino de Geografia possibilita a construção dos conhecimentos geográficos, permitindo que o aluno aprenda a partir de sua realidade, se tornando protagonista de seu próprio conhecimento. Assim, o objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi investigar a utilização da Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos (ABP) como proposta didática para a construção de conhecimentos geográficos significativos no 6⁰ ano, numa escola pública no município de Sumé/PB, no contexto do ensino remoto. A pesquisa é qualitativa e exploratória, do tipo pesquisa colaborativa. Para a sua execução, ocorreu a aplicação de um plano de trabalho da ABP na turma. Como resultados, verificou-se que a utilização da ABP promoveu a educação geográfica, sendo possível desenvolver o pensamento espacial, estimulando o raciocínio geográfico.
Respuesta de clones de caoba (Swietenia macrophylla King) a la fertilización química en invernadero
Authors: Ávila Arias Carlos , Chinchilla Mora Orlando , Meza Picado Víctor , Fonseca González William , Arias Aguilar Dagoberto
Published: December 2024

Los sistemas de producción forestal aportan bienes y servicios para el bienestar de la humanidad, así como para la mitigación del cambio climático. Esta investigación evaluó el crecimiento inicial de caoba clonal (Swietenia macrophylla) en invernadero como respuesta a la fertilización química. Se estableció un ensayo de bloques completos al azar con seis tratamientos y cinco repeticiones. Los elementos nutricionales fueron N, B, Ca, Zn y Mg, y cada tratamiento correspondió a la ausencia de uno de estos elementos. Se calculó el incremento en el diámetro a la base y la altura total durante siete meses. No se registraron diferencias estadísticas significativas entre tratamientos. No obstante, el peso del efecto de cada tratamiento fue diferenciado. Los resultados señalan que la ausencia de N > Zn > Mg fue la más limitante para el desarrollo de las plantas. Por tal motivo, dichos elementos deben estar presentes en la fertilización de clones de caoba en invernadero.
Descripción de la remoción de material particulado por una barrera arbórea en un entorno urbano
Authors: Rey Guerra Carlos Vicente , Monroy Rodríguez Laura julieth , Lozano Benavides Luisa Fernanda , Ramirez Omar , Quirama Aguilar Miguel
Published: December 2024

El crecimiento y la densificación de las ciudades plantean importantes retos relacionados con la contaminación del aire. En este estudio se analizó la capacidad de una barrera arbórea modelo cercana a dos vías con alto tráfico vehicular para reducir la concentración de material particulado suspendido (PM10 y PM2.5) en un entorno urbano. Se realizó el inventario forestal de la barrera y, mediante el software i-Tree Eco, se estimó su capacidad de remoción de PM, obteniendo una remoción anual de 61.1 kg, de los cuales 15.4 kg corresponden a PM2.5 y 45.7 kg a PM10. En este caso específico, se identificó que las especies exóticas presentan una mayor remoción que las nativas. Estos hallazgos son importantes para determinar los beneficios del arbolado urbano en materia de calidad del aire y para generar lineamientos de diseño de barreras arbóreas que amortigüen la exposición poblacional a PM urbano.