bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interannual variability of winter precipitation linked to upper ocean heat content off the east coast of Korea
Authors: Park JongJin , Nam SungHyun
Published: November 2017

We present a link between highly variable winter precipitation (e.g. occasional heavy snow) in the mountainous cities along the east coast of Korea and upper ocean heat content (OHC) in the western part of the East Sea (Japan Sea). After removing annual climatological cycle, OHC (as well as sea surface temperature, SST) variability coherent with the winter sea surface wind (SSW) is extracted using maximum covariance analysis (MCA). The first‐mode MCA pattern, explaining 68% of the total covariance, indicates that the stronger westerly (easterly) winter SSW links to larger (smaller) OHC in the upper 400 m or higher (lower) SST of the western part of the sea. Time series of the first‐mode MCA are comparable to winter precipitation variability at three local cities along the coast (Gangneung, Donghae, and Uljin) with significantly high correlation coefficients (0.84, 0.68, and 0.56, respectively). The links between OHC and SSW and between SSW and precipitation are discussed because zonal contrast of OHC drives zonal tilt of northerly monsoonal wind in winter by canonical turbulent momentum exchange within the marine planetary boundary layer (MPBL). The momentum exchange within the MPBL yields the interannual variability of SSW and thus, winter precipitation in the coastal cities.
Synovial sarcoma of the shoulder: A series of 14 cases
Authors: Verbeek Bianca M. , Kaiser Courtney L. , Larque Ana B. , Hornicek Francis J. , Raskin Kevin A. , Schwab Joseph H. , Chen Yen‐Lin , Lozano Calderón Santiago A.
Published: November 2017

Background and Objectives

Synovial sarcoma is a rare soft tissue sarcoma with poor long‐term prognosis due to late recurrence and metastasis. Synovial sarcoma arises in less than 6% from the shoulder. As a result, there is limited information in the literature about synovial sarcoma of the shoulder (SSS).

Methods

We included all patients treated for SSS at our institution between 1985 and 2013. Medical charts were retrospectively reviewed to collect demographics, information about the clinical course, and outcome. This subgroup was compared to our institution's entire synovial sarcoma patient cohort and the data in the published literature.

Results

SSS Patients presented most commonly with pain and a growing mass; the majority of tumors were grade 2 and measured greater than 5 cm. 43% (7) of SSS patients developed metastatic disease and 36% (5) had died at a median follow‐up of 64 months (36‐127); SSS 5‐year survival (83.3%) was higher in our series than in the general literature (57‐75%).

Conclusions

We found better prognosis in patients with synovial sarcoma of the shoulder than expected based on the current literature. The clinical behavior of synovial sarcoma in the shoulder is closer to that of synovial sarcoma in the extremities than the trunk.

Level of Evidence

Level IV, Case Series.
Radiation therapy in retroperitoneal sarcoma management
Authors: Haas Rick L. , Baldini Elizabeth H. , Chung Peter W. , van Coevorden Frits , DeLaney Thomas F.
Published: November 2017

Surgery is potentially curative for primary non‐metastatic retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas (RPS), although patients remain at risk for local recurrence. To reduce this risk, the addition of radiotherapy to radical surgery may be considered. Nevertheless, level I evidence to support radiotherapy is currently lacking. The results from the EORTC‐STBSG 62092‐22092 studying this question are awaited. This manuscript addresses issues to consider when radiation‐oncologists engage in a multidisciplinary treatment approach for RPS patients, including radiotherapy.
An adjustable sample average approximation algorithm for the stochastic production‐inventory‐routing problem
Authors: Agra Agostinho , Requejo Cristina , Rodrigues Filipe
Published: November 2017

We consider a stochastic single item production‐inventory‐routing problem with a single producer, multiple clients, and multiple vehicles. At the clients, demand is allowed to be backlogged incurring a penalty cost. Demands are considered uncertain. A recourse model is presented, and valid inequalities are introduced to enhance the model. A new general approach that explores the sample average approximation (SAA) method is introduced. In the sample average approximation method, several sample sets are generated and solved independently in order to obtain a set of candidate solutions. Then, the candidate solutions are tested on a larger sample, and the best solution is selected among the candidates. In contrast to this approach, called static, we propose an adjustable approach that explores the candidate solutions in order to identify common structures. Using that information, part of the first‐stage decision variables is fixed, and the resulting restricted problem is solved for a larger size sample. Several heuristic algorithms based on the mathematical model are considered within each approach. Computational tests based on randomly generated instances are conducted to test several variants of the two approaches. The results show that the new adjustable SAA heuristic performs better than the static one for most of the instances.
Delaminated CoAl‐Layered Double Hydroxide@TiO2 Heterojunction Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Durndell Lee J. , Manayil Jinesh C. , Isaacs Mark A. , Parlett Christopher M. A. , Karthikeyan Sekar , Douthwaite Richard E. , Coulson Ben , Wilson Karen , Lee Adam F.
Published: November 2017

Photocatalytic reduction offers an attractive route for CO2 utilization as a chemical feedstock for solar fuels production but remains challenging due to the poor efficiency, instability, and/or toxicity of current catalyst systems. Delaminated CoAl‐layered double hydroxide nanosheets (LDH‐DS) combined with TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) or nanoparticles (NPs) are promising nanocomposite photocatalysts for CO2 reduction. Heterojunction formation between visible light absorbing delaminated CoAl nanosheets and UV light absorbing TiO2 nanotubes greatly enhances interfacial contact between both high aspect ratio components relative to their bulk counterparts. The resulting synergic interaction confers a significant improvement in photoinduced charge carrier separation, and concomitant aqueous phase CO2 photocatalytic reduction, in the absence of a sacrificial hole acceptor. CO productivity for a 3 wt% LDH‐DS@TiO2‐NT nanocomposite of 4.57 µmol gcat‐1 h‐1 exhibits a tenfold and fivefold increase over that obtained for individual TiO2 NT and delaminated CoAl‐LDH components respectively and is double that obtained for 3 wt% bulk‐LDH@TiO2‐NT and 3 wt% LDH‐DS@TiO2‐NP catalysts. Synthesis of delaminated LDH and metal oxide nanocomposites represents a cost‐effective strategy for aqueous phase CO2 reduction.
Improving failures prediction by exploring weighted shape‐based time‐series clustering
Authors: Wang Xin , Wu Ji , Liu Chao , Wang Senzhang , Wang Tingshu , Niu Wensheng
Published: November 2017

Because of the significant industrial demands towards quality and safety of system, reliability prediction with historical failures data has generated broad interest. Particularly, for system‐oriented failures time‐series data, although the hybridization strategy has been exploited to separately predict the feature components extracted from the original data and achieved noteworthy performance, a convictive method for effectively extracting these feature components has not been explored. In this paper, we introduce weighted shape‐based time‐series clustering to improve the hybrid modeling and prediction, in which a novel distance metric named as w_SBD (ie, weighted shape‐based distance) is devised by fully considering the shapes of time series and the characteristics of failures prediction. Moreover, we further develop a flexible framework to extract and validate the feature components (named as FF_EVFC). In the framework, besides w_SBD, 3 kinds of validations for the extracted feature components are also involved. To demonstrate the robustness of w_SBD and FF_EVFC, we perform extensive experimental evaluations with different clustering and prediction methods. The results show a competitive performance of w_SBD against other common distance metrics and verify the effectiveness of FF_EVFC on the improvement of failures prediction.
Identification of pyridoxal phosphate‐modified proteins using mass spectrometry
Authors: Wu Yue , Chen Jin , Liu Zheyi , Wang Fangjun
Published: November 2017

Rationale

Pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate (PLP) cooperates with a variety of enzymes in all organisms for many important biological processes. The development of mass spectrometry‐based methodology for high‐throughput modification analyses could provide an alternative way for PLP identification. The present study aims to identify PLP modification.

Methods

More PLP site‐determining information was obtained by introducing multistage activation (MSA)‐assisted collision‐induced dissociation (CID). We then utilized immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) with Ti4+ to enrich the PLP peptides. In addition, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was used to remove the phosphoryl group and further confirm the PLP modification site.

Results

MSA was able to greatly enhance the identification and localization of PLP modification. We applied this strategy to analyze PLP‐modified proteins in Escherichia coli samples and accurately determine PLP site K270 in tryptophanase.

Conclusions

MSA‐assisted CID was used to provide better identification of PLP‐modified peptides. Furthermore, tryptophanase with PLP modification at K270 in E. coli was identified with Ti4+‐IMAC enrichment followed by ALP treatment. This method provides a promising alternative for investigating biological functions of PLP‐modified proteins.
Adaptive decentralized finite‐time output tracking control for MIMO interconnected nonlinear systems with output constraints and actuator faults
Authors: Jin Xu
Published: November 2017

In this work, we present a novel adaptive decentralized finite‐time fault‐tolerant control algorithm for a class of multi‐input–multi‐output interconnected nonlinear systems with output constraint requirements for each vertex. The actuator for each system can be subject to unknown multiplicative and additive faults. Parametric system uncertainties that model the system dynamics for each vertex can be effectively dealt with by the proposed control scheme. The control input gain functions of the nonlinear systems can be not fully known and state dependent. Backstepping design with a tan‐type barrier Lyapunov function and a new structure of stabilizing function is presented. We show that under the proposed control scheme, with the use of graph theory, finite‐time convergence of the system output tracking error into a small set around zero is guaranteed for each vertex, while the time‐varying constraint requirement on the system output tracking error for each vertex will not be violated during operation. An illustrative example on 2 interacting 2‐degree‐of‐freedom robot manipulators is presented in the end to further demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
On the max‐cut of sparse random graphs
Authors: Gamarnik David , Li Quan
Published: November 2017

We consider the problem of estimating the size of a maximum cut (Max‐Cut problem) in a random Erdős‐Rényi graph on n nodes and edges. It is shown in Coppersmith et al. that the size of the maximum cut in this graph normalized by the number of nodes belongs to the asymptotic region with high probability (w.h.p.) as n increases, for all sufficiently large c. The upper bound was obtained by application of the first moment method, and the lower bound was obtained by constructing algorithmically a cut which achieves the stated lower bound. In this paper, we improve both upper and lower bounds by introducing a novel bounding technique. Specifically, we establish that the size of the maximum cut normalized by the number of nodes belongs to the interval w.h.p. as n increases, for all sufficiently large c. Instead of considering the expected number of cuts achieving a particular value as is done in the application of the first moment method, we observe that every maximum size cut satisfies a certain local optimality property, and we compute the expected number of cuts with a given value satisfying this local optimality property. Estimating this expectation amounts to solving a rather involved two dimensional large deviations problem. We solve this underlying large deviation problem asymptotically as c increases and use it to obtain an improved upper bound on the Max‐Cut value. The lower bound is obtained by application of the second moment method, coupled with the same local optimality constraint, and is shown to work up to the stated lower bound value . It is worth noting that both bounds are stronger than the ones obtained by standard first and second moment methods. Finally, we also obtain an improved lower bound of on the Max‐Cut for the random cubic graph or any cubic graph with large girth, improving the previous best bound of .
Recent Advances in Flexible/Stretchable Supercapacitors for Wearable Electronics
Authors: Li La , Lou Zheng , Chen Di , Jiang Kai , Han Wei , Shen Guozhen
Published: November 2017

The popularization of personalized wearable devices has accelerated the development of flexible/stretchable supercapacitors (SCs) that possess remarkable features of miniaturization, high security, and easy integration to build an all‐in‐one integrated system, and realize the functions of comfortable, noninvasive and continuous health monitoring, motion records, and information acquisition, etc. This Review presents a brief phylogeny of flexible/stretchable SCs, represented by planar micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs) and 1D fibrous SCs. The latest progress and advantages of different flexible/stretchable/self‐healing substrate, solid‐state electrolyte and electrode materials for the fabrication of wearable SCs devices are summarized. The various configurations used in planar MSCs and 1D fibrous SCs aiming at the improvement of performance are also discussed. In addition, from the viewpoint of practical value and large‐scale production, a survey of integrated systems, from different types of SC powered wearable sensing (gas, pressure, tactile…) systems, wearable all‐in‐one systems (including energy harvest, storage, and functional groups), to device packaging is presented. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives of wearable SCs are also considered.
Foreign subsidiaries' status: Distinctive determinants and implications for subsidiary performance
Authors: Li Anran
Published: November 2017

The purpose of this article is to develop a theoretical framework for understanding what determines foreign subsidiaries' status, and how status affects their performance. The basic argument is that foreign subsidiaries have several unique characteristics that distinguish them from local firms in terms of the factors determining organizational status and the implications status has for subsidiaries' performance. This conceptual article first reviews the three existing determinants of organizational status as theorized by existing status research and makes the case for an extension of the three determinants to account for the special situation of foreign subsidiaries. Having examined the determinants of subsidiary status, this study explores the effect of organizational status on firm performance, and finds that it reduces the liability of foreignness (LoF) that foreign subsidiaries encounter. The study contributes to multiple research streams, including organizational status, LoF, country of origin (CoO), and the international business literature in general. Practically, this study highlights the importance of obtaining high organizational status and provides valuable suggestions for multinational managers in general and subsidiary managers in particular.
Congenital heart defects in IVF/ICSI pregnancy: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Giorgione V. , Parazzini F. , Fesslova V. , Cipriani S. , Candiani M. , Inversetti A. , Sigismondi C. , Tiberio F. , Cavoretto P.
Published: November 2017

Objective

There is no consensus in current practice guidelines on whether conception by in-vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) techniques is an indication for performing a fetal echocardiogram. The aim of the study was to assess whether congenital heart defects (CHD) occur more often in pregnancies conceived after IVF/ICSI as compared with those conceived spontaneously.

Methods

A systematic search for studies was conducted of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Scopus from inception to September 2017. The search included the following medical subject heading (MeSH) terms alone or in different combinations: ‘IVF’, ‘IVF/ICSI’, ‘ART pregnancy’, ‘assisted conception’, ‘birth defect’, ‘congenital heart defects’ and ‘congenital malformation or abnormalities’. Studies comparing neonatal incidence of CHD in pregnancies conceived after IVF/ICSI and those conceived spontaneously were included. Studies reporting on other types of assisted reproductive technology (ART) or lacking information concerning termination of pregnancy were excluded. Chromosomal abnormalities were excluded in all analyzed studies. A meta‐analysis of selected cohort studies was conducted to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI using a random‐effects model. Statistical heterogeneity among the studies was evaluated with the I2 statistic and Q‐test.

Results

Forty‐one studies were identified for review including six case–control and 35 cohort studies. Data of eight selected cohort studies were used for meta‐analysis. A total of 25 856 children conceived from IVF/ICSI techniques and 287 995 children conceived spontaneously, involving both singleton and multiple gestations, were included in the analysis. Total CHD events were 337/25 856 (1.30%) and 1952/287 995 (0.68%) in the IVF/ICSI and spontaneous conception groups, respectively. The risk of CHD was significantly increased in the IVF/ICSI group as compared with the spontaneous conception group (pooled OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.20–1.76; P = 0.0001; I2 = 44%; P = 0.08). In the subgroup of singleton IVF pregnancies, a significant difference was also obtained (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.21–1.99; P = 0.0005; I2 = 36%; P = 0.18) and also multiple confounding factors adjusted ORs showed statistical significance (pooled OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.03–1.60; P = 0.02; I2 = 0%; P = 0.43).

Conclusion

Fetuses conceived with IVF/ICSI methods are at an increased risk of developing CHD compared with those conceived spontaneously. However, this finding deserves further investigation due to heterogeneity of both ART procedures and cardiac defects. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
A Series of New Eu/Tb Mixed MOFs with Tunable Color Luminescence
Authors: Luo Ximing , He Xingxiang , Shi Jie , Cui Chenhui , Xu Yan
Published: November 2017

Two isostructural lanthanide metal‐organic frameworks [Ln‐MOFs, Ln = Tb (1), Eu (8)] containing oxalic acid ligand with green, red luminescence were solvothermally synthesized. A series of Eu/Tb mixed MOFs (2–7), (C5H6N)2[EuxTb2–x(H2O)2(C2O4)4]·2H2O, were designed and obtained, which displayed highly tunable luminescence color by adjusting the excitation wavelength. Complexes 1–8 were characterized by IR, elemental analysis, ICP, powder XRD, and TG measurements. The quantum yields of the complexes 1–8 range from 6.89 to 4.15 %, whereas the fluorescence lifetime of 1–8 varies between 1.12 and 0.87 ms. Therefore, with the increase of the molar ratio of Eu, the quantum yields and fluorescence lifetime of the complexes 1–8 gradually decrease.
NLO QCD+EW predictions for 2ℓ2ν diboson signatures at the LHC
Authors: Kallweit S. , Lindert J. M. , Pozzorini S. , Schönherr M.
Published: November 2017

Abstract

We present next-to-leading order (NLO) calculations including QCD and electroweak (EW) corrections for 2ℓ2ν diboson signatures with two opposite-charge leptons and two neutrinos. Specifically, we study the processes

$$ pp\to {e}^{+}{\mu}^{-}{\nu}_e{\overline{\nu}}_{\mu } $$

pp
→

e
+

μ
−

ν
e

ν
¯

μ

and

$$ pp\to {e}^{+}{e}^{-}\nu \overline{\nu} $$

pp
→

e
+

e
−

ν

ν
¯

, including all relevant off-shell diboson channels, W
+
W
−, ZZ, γZ, as well as non-resonant contributions. Photon-induced processes are computed at NLO EW, and we discuss subtle differences related to the definition and the renormalisation of the coupling α for processes with initial- and final-state photons. All calculations are performed within the automated Munich/Sherpa+OpenLoops frameworks, and we provide numerical predictions for the LHC at 13 TeV. The behaviour of the corrections is investigated with emphasis on the high-energy regime, where NLO EW effects can amount to tens of percent due to large Sudakov logarithms. The interplay between W W and ZZ contributions to the same-flavour channel,

$$ pp\to {e}^{+}{e}^{-}\nu \overline{\nu} $$

pp
→

e
+

e
−

ν

ν
¯

, is discussed in detail, and a quantitative analysis of photon-induced contributions is presented. Finally, we consider approximations that account for all sources of large logarithms, at high and low energy, by combining virtual EW corrections with a YFS soft-photon resummation or a QED parton shower.
Exotic matter on singular divisors in F-theory
Authors: Klevers Denis , Morrison David R. , Raghuram Nikhil , Taylor Washington
Published: November 2017

Abstract

We analyze exotic matter representations that arise on singular seven-brane configurations in F-theory. We develop a general framework for analyzing such representations, and work out explicit descriptions for models with matter in the 2-index and 3-index symmetric representations of SU(N) and SU(2) respectively, associated with double and triple point singularities in the seven-brane locus. These matter representations are associated with Weierstrass models whose discriminants vanish to high order thanks to nontrivial cancellations possible only in the presence of a non-UFD algebraic structure. This structure can be described using the normalization of the ring of intrinsic local functions on a singular divisor. We consider the connection between geometric constraints on singular curves and corresponding constraints on the low-energy spectrum of 6D theories, identifying some new examples of apparent “swampland” theories that cannot be realized in F-theory but have no apparent low-energy inconsistency.
Vacuum degeneracy and Conformal Mass in Lovelock AdS gravity
Authors: Arenas-Henriquez Gabriel , Miskovic Olivera , Olea Rodrigo
Published: November 2017

Abstract

It is shown that the notion of Conformal Mass can be defined within a given anti-de Sitter (AdS) branch of a Lovelock gravity theory as long as the corresponding vacuum is not degenerate. Indeed, conserved charges obtained by the addition of Kounterterms to the bulk action turn out to be proportional to the electric part of the Weyl tensor, when the fall-off of a generic solution in that AdS branch is considered. The factor of proportionality is the degeneracy condition for the vacua in the particular Lovelock AdS theory under study. This last feature explains the obstruction to define Conformal Mass in the degenerate case.
Global orientifolded quivers with inflation
Authors: Cicoli Michele , García-Etxebarria Iñaki , Mayrhofer Christoph , Quevedo Fernando , Shukla Pramod , Valandro Roberto
Published: November 2017

Abstract

We describe global embeddings of fractional D3 branes at orientifolded singularities in type IIB flux compactifications. We present an explicit Calabi-Yau example where the chiral visible sector lives on a local orientifolded quiver while non-perturbative effects, α′ corrections and a T-brane hidden sector lead to full closed string moduli stabilisation in a de Sitter vacuum. The same model can also successfully give rise to inflation driven by a del Pezzo divisor. Our model represents the first explicit Calabi-Yau example featuring both an inflationary and a chiral visible sector.
Analysis of the adiabatic piston problem via methods of continuum mechanics
Authors: Nečasová Šárka , Tucsnak Marius , Feireisl Eduard , Mácha Václav
Published: November 2017

We consider a system modelling the motion of a piston in a cylinder filled by a viscous heat conducting gas. The piston is moving longitudinally without friction under the influence of the forces exerted by the gas. In addition, the piston is supposed to be thermally insulating (adiabatic piston). This fact raises several challenges which received a considerable attention, essentially in the statistical physics literature. We study the problem via the methods of continuum mechanics, specifically, the motion of the gas is described by means of the Navier–Stokes–Fourier system in one space dimension, coupled with Newton's second law governing the motion of the piston. We establish global in time existence of strong solutions and show that the system stabilizes to an equilibrium state for

t\rightarrow \infty

.
Voice of a “Seasoned” OB Professor
Authors: Luthans Fred
Published: November 2017

I will be making some highly personalized comments on the Aguinis et al. (2017) focal article concerning rigor versus relevance, renaming/rebranding industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology, and I-O psychology versus business school organizational behavior (OB). Before commenting, however, I feel compelled to briefly frame my remarks from the perspective of my 50-year academic career. For example, I think it is important to note that I go back to the early 1960s at the University of Iowa, College of Business. I was studying for my PhD in the just emerging field of management and organizations (nothing was offered called organizational behavior or strategic management). However, and very unusual for the times for management majors, I also took a minor in the psychology department concentrating on social and I-O psychology. Also, after receiving my PhD in 1965, for my 2-year military obligation, after infantry officer training I was assigned to West Point and taught cadets the required psychology course and military leadership. This background had a formative and lasting impact on my thinking about OB and I-O psychology.
“This Is Our House!” Why Are I-O Psychologists Losing at the Gender Disparity Game?
Authors: Huffman Ann Hergatt , Howes Satoris S. , Olson Kristine J.
Published: November 2017

Aguinis et al. (2017) highlighted the gender disparity in authorship of publications within the field of industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology. We agree with the authors that this is a troubling finding and think that this gender disparity within our field is the most critical implication of the focal article. I-O psychologists are specifically trained to address employment issues, including gender disparities at work. To see such disconcerting findings in our area of expertise is akin to a sports team losing to a competitor when they have the home court advantage. Namely, we are left feeling deflated and asking ourselves, “What went wrong?”
The Authors Speak: Six I-O Psychology Textbook Authors Discuss How They Decide What to Cite
Authors: Aamodt Michael G. , Conte Jeffrey M. , Howes Satoris S. , Levy Paul E. , Riggio Ronald E. , Spector Paul E.
Published: November 2017

In their focal article, Aguinis et al. (2017) provided a bibliometric analysis of our six industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology textbooks, noting among other things the sources, articles, and authors we collectively cited the most. Their analysis provides information about what we cited but not why. In this commentary on their article, our goal is to provide some insights into our process in deciding what sources to include and what not to include in our textbooks. Although each of us has our own way of deciding on the content of our books, there is enough commonality that we decided to write this commentary together.
From the Editor
Authors: Scott John C. , Poteet Mark L.
Published: November 2017

The goal of focal articles in Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice is to present new ideas or different takes on existing ideas and stimulate a conversation in the form of comment articles that extend the arguments in the focal article or that present new ideas stimulated by those articles. The two focal articles in this issue stimulated a wide range of reactions and a good deal of constructive input.
I-O Psychology and Technology: Why Reinvent the Wheel?
Authors: Howard Matt C. , Travers Steven D. , Marshall Chad J. , Cogswell Joshua E.
Published: November 2017

Morelli, Potosky, Arthur, and Tippins (2017) make a timely and appropriate call for authors to create conceptual models of technology in industrial-organizational (I-O) psychology. We agree with their call, but we believe that Morelli et al. overlooked the contributions of related fields that conduct research on technology in the workplace that are already consistent with their call. For this reason, we briefly detail other fields that commonly study the dynamics of technology and its influence on the workplace, followed by a discussion regarding the place of I-O psychology in the broader scheme of technology research. This discussion can aid future authors in conceptualizing appropriate contributions to the study of technology in I-O psychology as well as identifying whether these contributions benefit other fields. Perhaps more importantly, this discussion can help identify where I-O psychology fits in the broader scheme of technology research and which associated fields may be most readily available to aid in the creation of new models—two questions that currently seem unanswered.
Integrating Technology Into Models of Response Behavior
Authors: Dalal Dev K. , Randall Jason G.
Published: November 2017

Morelli, Potosky, Arthur, and Tippins (2017) are correct in calling for more conceptual models explicitly linking technology to industrial-organizational (I-O) psychology. As these authors note, in the absence of models and theories of technology to guide the research and practice of I-O psychology, the field runs the risk of chasing the impacts of specific technological innovations and devices rather than guiding organizations on best practices regarding the use of technology. Building theories and models that directly involve technology and placing them within individual psychological and larger organizational processes provides researchers with a way to stay ahead of the fast pace of technological innovation and anticipate its effects on measurement and prediction. Moreover, there are aspects to the use of technology that I-O psychologists are uniquely qualified to consider, including legal considerations (e.g., accessibility concerns), ethical questions (e.g., access in disadvantaged communities), practical concerns (e.g., user and target reactions), and measurement issues (e.g., construct irrelevant variance). In this commentary, we present two main points of consideration that demonstrate how I-O psychologists might use and create technology to improve assessment. First, we argue that technology can improve the measurement of psychological variables if we critically consider how technology can positively influence various parts of response behavior. Additionally, we encourage future research to consider the effects of technology in I-O psychology more comprehensively by extending the emphasis on psychological processes beyond cognition and behavior to include affect and motivation.
The Development, Validation, and Practical Application of an Employee Agility and Resilience Measure to Facilitate Organizational Change
Authors: Braun Thomas J. , Hayes Bryan C. , DeMuth Rachel L. Frautschy , Taran Olya A.
Published: November 2017

Traditional change management approaches that focus on linear models and top-down control have proved less than adequate in addressing organizational change within the complexity and speed of today's unprecedented change. Researchers have suggested that by developing greater workforce agility, companies may be better positioned to manage or moderate rapid change and use this capability as a competitive advantage. Complementing current strategies with a different approach to managing change focused on individual agility and resilience may be a first step. This article focuses on the development, validation, and practical application of an employee agility and resilience measurement scale as part of a program in support of an alternative approach to managing organizational change. Results indicate that focusing on individual agility and resilience can prepare employees to handle uncertainty more successfully by adapting to change quicker and managing stress more effectively.
Early life stress, FK506 binding protein 5 gene (FKBP5) methylation, and inhibition-related prefrontal function: A prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Harms Madeline B. , Birn Rasmus , Provencal Nadine , Wiechmann Tobias , Binder Elisabeth B. , Giakas Sebastian W. , Roeber Barbara J. , Pollak Seth D.
Published: November 2017

Individuals who have experienced high levels of childhood stress are at increased risk for a wide range of behavioral problems that persist into adulthood, yet the neurobiological and molecular mechanisms underlying these associations remain poorly understood. Many of the difficulties observed in stress-exposed children involve problems with learning and inhibitory control. This experiment was designed to test individuals' ability to learn to inhibit responding during a laboratory task. To do so, we measured stress exposure among a community sample of school-aged children, and then followed these children for a decade. Those from the highest and lowest quintiles of childhood stress exposure were invited to return to our laboratory as young adults. At that time, we reassessed their life stress exposure, acquired functional magnetic resonance imaging data during an inhibitory control task, and assayed these individuals' levels of methylation in the FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5) gene. We found that individuals who experienced high levels of stress in childhood showed less differentiation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex between error and correct trials during inhibition. This effect was associated only with childhood stress exposure and not by current levels of stress in adulthood. In addition, FKBP5 methylation mediated the association between early life stress and inhibition-related prefrontal activity. These findings are discussed in terms of using multiple levels of analyses to understand the ways in which adversity in early development may affect adult behavioral adaptation.
Preventive Trichuris suis ova (TSO) treatment protects immunocompetent rabbits from DSS colitis but may be detrimental under conditions of immunosuppression
Authors: Leonardi Irina , Gerstgrasser Alexandra , Schmidt Thomas S. B. , Nicholls Flora , Tewes Bernhard , Greinwald Roland , von Mering Christian , Rogler Gerhard , Frey-Wagner Isabelle
Published: November 2017

Trichuris suis ova (TSO) have been tested for therapeutic application in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) yet understanding of the underlying mechanisms and safety in an immunocompromised host is limited due to lack of a suitable animal model. We used a recently established rabbit model of dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) induced colitis to study the efficacy, mechanisms and safety of TSO therapy in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed animals. TSO treatment prevented the DSS induced weight loss, delayed the onset of DSS induced symptoms by 2 days and significantly reduced the disease activity (DAI). TSO treatment protected caecal histology and prevented the colitis-associated loss in faecal microbiota diversity. Mainly the transcriptome of lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC) was affected by TSO treatment, showing dampened innate and adaptive inflammatory responses. The protective effect of TSO was lost in immunosuppressed rabbits, where TSO exacerbated colitis. Our data show that preventive TSO treatment ameliorates colitis severity in immunocompetent rabbits, modulates LPMC immune responses and reduces faecal dysbiosis. In contrast, the same TSO treatment exacerbates colitis in immunosuppressed animals. Our data provide further evidence for a therapeutic effect of TSO in IBD, yet caution is required with regard to TSO treatment in immunosuppressed patients.
Virus-host protein-protein interactions of mycobacteriophage Giles
Authors: Mehla Jitender , Dedrick Rebekah M. , Caufield J. Harry , Wagemans Jeroen , Sakhawalkar Neha , Johnson Allison , Hatfull Graham F. , Uetz Peter
Published: November 2017

Mycobacteriophage are viruses that infect mycobacteria. More than 1,400 mycobacteriophage genomes have been sequenced, coding for over one hundred thousand proteins of unknown functions. Here we investigate mycobacteriophage Giles-host protein-protein interactions (PPIs) using yeast two-hybrid screening (Y2H). A total of 25 reproducible PPIs were found for a selected set of 10 Giles proteins, including a putative virion assembly protein (gp17), the phage integrase (gp29), the endolysin (gp31), the phage repressor (gp47), and six proteins of unknown function (gp34, gp35, gp54, gp56, gp64, and gp65). We note that overexpression of the proteins is toxic to M. smegmatis, although whether this toxicity and the associated changes in cellular morphology are related to the putative interactions revealed in the Y2H screen is unclear.
2D/3D Microanalysis by Energy Dispersive X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Tomography
Authors: Sanchez Dario Ferreira , Simionovici Alexandre S. , Lemelle Laurence , Cuartero Vera , Mathon Olivier , Pascarelli Sakura , Bonnin Anne , Shapiro Russell , Konhauser Kurt , Grolimund Daniel , Bleuet Pierre
Published: November 2017

X-ray spectroscopic techniques have proven to be particularly useful in elucidating the molecular and electronic structural information of chemically heterogeneous and complex micro- and nano-structured materials. However, spatially resolved chemical characterization at the micrometre scale remains a challenge. Here, we report the novel hyperspectral technique of micro Energy Dispersive X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (μED-XAS) tomography which can resolve in both 2D and 3D the spatial distribution of chemical species through the reconstruction of XANES spectra. To document the capability of the technique in resolving chemical species, we first analyse a sample containing 2–30 μm grains of various ferrous- and ferric-iron containing minerals, including hypersthene, magnetite and hematite, distributed in a light matrix of a resin. We accurately obtain the XANES spectra at the Fe K-edge of these four standards, with spatial resolution of 3 μm. Subsequently, a sample of ~1.9 billion-year-old microfossil from the Gunflint Formation in Canada is investigated, and for the first time ever, we are able to locally identify the oxidation state of iron compounds encrusting the 5 to 10 μm microfossils. Our results highlight the potential for attaining new insights into Precambrian ecosystems and the composition of Earth’s earliest life forms.
Deciphering how Cpl-7 cell wall-binding repeats recognize the bacterial peptidoglycan
Authors: Bustamante Noemí , Iglesias-Bexiga Manuel , Bernardo-García Noelia , Silva-Martín Noella , García Guadalupe , Campanero-Rhodes María A. , García Esther , Usón Isabel , Buey Rubén M. , García Pedro , Hermoso Juan A. , Bruix Marta , Menéndez Margarita
Published: November 2017

Endolysins, the cell wall lytic enzymes encoded by bacteriophages to release the phage progeny, are among the top alternatives to fight against multiresistant pathogenic bacteria; one of the current biggest challenges to global health. Their narrow range of susceptible bacteria relies, primarily, on targeting specific cell-wall receptors through specialized modules. The cell wall-binding domain of Cpl-7 endolysin, made of three CW_7 repeats, accounts for its extended-range of substrates. Using as model system the cell wall-binding domain of Cpl-7, here we describe the molecular basis for the bacterial cell wall recognition by the CW_7 motif, which is widely represented in sequences of cell wall hydrolases. We report the crystal and solution structure of the full-length domain, identifyN-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-(β1,4)-N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (GMDP) as the peptidoglycan (PG) target recognized by the CW_7 motifs, and characterize feasible GMDP-CW_7 contacts. Our data suggest that Cpl-7 cell wall-binding domain might simultaneously bind to three PG chains, and also highlight the potential use of CW_7-containing lysins as novel anti-infectives.
Bacterial alterations in salivary microbiota and their association in oral cancer
Authors: Lee Wei-Hsiang , Chen Hui-Mei , Yang Shun-Fa , Liang Chao , Peng Chih-Yu , Lin Feng-Mao , Tsai Lo-Lin , Wu Buor-Chang , Hsin Chung-Han , Chuang Chun-Yi , Yang Ting , Yang Tzu-Ling , Ho Shinn-Ying , Chen Wen-Liang , Ueng Kwo-Chang , Huang Hsien-Da , Huang Chien-Ning , Jong Yuh-Jyh
Published: November 2017

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity and the fourth leading malignancy and cause of cancer-related death in the male population of Taiwan. Most cases are detected at advanced stages, resulting in poor prognosis. Therefore, improved detection of early oral health disorders is indispensable. The involvement of oral bacteria in inflammation and their association with OSCC progression provide a feasible target for diagnosis. Due to the nature of oral neoplasms, the diagnosis of epithelial precursor lesions is relatively easy compared with that of other types of cancer. However, the transition from an epithelial precursor lesion to cancer is slow and requires further and continuous follow-up. In this study, we investigated microbiota differences between normal individuals, epithelial precursor lesion patients, and cancer patients with different lifestyle habits, such as betel chewing and smoking, using next-generation sequencing. Overall, the oral microbiome compositions of five genera, Bacillus, Enterococcus, Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus, and Slackia, revealed significant differences between epithelial precursor lesion and cancer patients and correlated with their classification into two clusters. These composition changes might have the potential to constitute a biomarker to help in monitoring the oral carcinogenesis transition from epithelial precursor lesion to cancer.
Quantitative, in situ analysis of mRNAs and proteins with subcellular resolution
Authors: Kwon Sunjong , Chin Koei , Nederlof Michel , Gray Joe W.
Published: November 2017

We describe here a method, termed immunoFISH, for simultaneous in situ analysis of the composition and distribution of proteins and individual RNA transcripts in single cells. Individual RNA molecules are labeled by hybridization and target proteins are concurrently stained using immunofluorescence. Multicolor fluorescence images are acquired and analyzed to determine the abundance, composition, and distribution of hybridized probes and immunofluorescence. We assessed the ability of immunoFISH to simultaneous quantify protein and transcript levels and distribution in cultured HER2 positive breast cancer cells and human breast tumor samples. We demonstrated the utility of this assay in several applications including demonstration of the existence of a layer of normal myoepithelial KRT14 expressing cells that separate HER2+ cancer cells from the stromal and immune microenvironment in HER2+ invasive breast cancer. Our studies show that immunoFISH provides quantitative information about the spatial heterogeneity in transcriptional and proteomic features that exist between and within cells.
Dynamics of Intact MexAB-OprM Efflux Pump: Focusing on the MexA-OprM Interface
Authors: López Cesar A. , Travers Timothy , Pos Klaas M. , Zgurskaya Helen I. , Gnanakaran S.
Published: November 2017

Antibiotic efflux is one of the most critical mechanisms leading to bacterial multidrug resistance. Antibiotics are effluxed out of the bacterial cell by a tripartite efflux pump, a complex machinery comprised of outer membrane, periplasmic adaptor, and inner membrane protein components. Understanding the mechanism of efflux pump assembly and its dynamics could facilitate discovery of novel approaches to counteract antibiotic resistance in bacteria. We built here an intact atomistic model of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa MexAB-OprM pump in a Gram-negative membrane model that contained both inner and outer membranes separated by a periplasmic space. All-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations confirm that the fully assembled pump is stable in the microsecond timescale. Using a combination of all-atom and coarse-grained MD simulations and sequence covariation analysis, we characterized the interface between MexA and OprM in the context of the entire efflux pump. These analyses suggest a plausible mechanism by which OprM is activated via opening of its periplasmic aperture through a concerted interaction with MexA.
Circularly-polarized, semitransparent and double-sided holograms based on helical photonic structures
Authors: Kobashi Junji , Yoshida Hiroyuki , Ozaki Masanori
Published: November 2017

Recent advances in nanofabrication techniques are opening new frontiers in holographic devices, with the capability to integrate various optical functions in a single device. However, while most efficient holograms are achieved in reflection-mode configurations, they are in general opaque because of the reflective substrate that must be used, and therefore, have limited applicability. Here, we present a semi-transparent, reflective computer-generated hologram that is circularly-polarization dependent, and reconstructs different wavefronts when viewed from different sides. The integrated functionality is realized using a single thin-film of liquid crystal with a self-organized helical structure that Bragg reflects circularly-polarized light over a certain band of wavelengths. Asymmetry depending on the viewing side is achieved by exploiting the limited penetration depth of light in the helical structure as well as the nature of liquid crystals to conform to different orientational patterns imprinted on the two substrates sandwiching the material. Also, because the operation wavelength is determined by the reflection band position, pseudo-color holograms can be made by simply stacking layers with different designs. The unique characteristics of this hologram may find applications in polarization-encoded security holograms and see-through holographic signage where different information need to be displayed depending on the viewing direction.