bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adherence to iron and folic acid supplementation during pregnancy among postnatal mothers seeking maternal and child healthcare at Kakamega level 5 hospital in Kenya: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bahati Felix , Kairu-Wanyoike Salome , Nzioki Japheth Mativo
Published: April 2021

Background: Maternal anaemia is a public health problem worldwide, and its aetiology is linked to iron deficiency. The high nutrient demand during pregnancy exacerbates the condition. To meet the increased nutritional demand, supplementation of iron and folic acid (IFA) is key. The supplements are provided freely to pregnant women during antenatal visits at public health facilities, however, their uptake and adherence in Kenya remain unacceptably low.

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study involving 241 postnatal mothers seeking maternal and child healthcare (MCH) care at Kakamega level 5 hospital was conducted. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. Quantitative data were collected from 241 eligible postnatal mothers, while qualitative data were obtained through key informant interviews with community health volunteers and healthcare providers.

Results: There was a moderate adherence to IFA supplementation (60.6%) during pregnancy among postnatal mothers seeking MCH care at Kakamega level 5 hospital. Some of the reasons for non-adherence stated by the respondents included; IFA related side effects (41.3%), forgetfulness (37.3%) and bad smell of the IFA supplements (10.3%). Higher IFA adherence was noted among the primigravida participants (OR=2.704; 95% CI: 1.262, 5.793; p=0.010) compared to multigravida participants, and those with a higher knowledge level of anaemia (OR=3.215; 95% CI: 1.346, 7.68; p=0.009) compared to their counterparts with low anaemia knowledge. Other factors that showed correlation with IFA adherence were: IFA education, pregnancy counselling before conception and the number of antenatal care visits attained.

Conclusion: There is a moderate adherence to IFA supplementation during pregnancy among mothers seeking MCH at Kakamega level 5 hospital. The greatest impediments of IFA compliance during pregnancy are IFA side effects, forgetfulness and the bad smell of the IFA tablets. Therefore, providing IFA education to pregnant mothers incorporated with probable ways of managing the IFA side effects would contribute to IFA supplementation adherence.
Dual Sourcing and Smoothing Under Nonstationary Demand Time Series: Reshoring with SpeedFactories
Authors: Boute Robert N. , Disney Stephen M. , Gijsbrechts Joren , Van Mieghem Jan A.
Published: April 2021

We investigate near-shoring a small part of the global production to local SpeedFactories that serve only the variable demand. The short lead time of the responsive SpeedFactory reduces the risk of making large volumes in advance, yet it does not involve a complete reshoring of demand. Using a break-even analysis, we investigate the lead time, demand, and cost characteristics that make dual sourcing with a SpeedFactory desirable compared with complete off-shoring. Our analysis uses a linear generalization of the celebrated order-up-to inventory policy to settings where capacity costs exist. The policy allows for order smoothing to reduce capacity costs and performs well relative to the (unknown) optimal policy. We highlight the significant impact of auto-correlated and nonstationary demand series, which are prevalent in practice yet challenging to analyze, on the economic benefit of reshoring. Methodologically, we adopt a linear policy and normally distributed demand and use Z–transforms to present exact analyses.

This paper was accepted by Jayashankar Swaminathan, operations management.
Morita equivalence of semirings with local units
Authors:   Jadavpur University, Das Monali , Gupta Sugato ,   Vidyasagar College for Women, Sardar Sujit Kumar ,   Jadavpur University
Published: April 2021

In this paper we study some necessary and sufficient conditions for two semirings with local units to be Morita equivalent. Then we obtain some properties which remain invariant under Morita equivalence.
On invariants of polynomial functions, II
Authors:   Kochi University, Fukuma Yoshiaki
Published: April 2021

Let P be a finite partially ordered set. In our previous paper, we defined the sectional geometric genus gi(P) of P and studied gi(P). In this paper, by using this sectional geometric genus of P, we will give a criterion about the case in which P has no order.
Mappings preserving sum of products a∘b+ba∗ on factor von Neumann algebras
Authors:   Federal University of ABC, Ferreira João Carlos da Motta , Marietto Maria das Graças Bruno ,   Federal University of ABC
Published: April 2021

Let A and B be two factor von Neumann algebras. In this paper, we proved that a bijective mapping Φ:A→B satisfies Φ(a∘b+ba∗)=Φ(a)∘Φ(b)+Φ(b)Φ(a)∗ (where ∘ is the special Jordan product on A and B, respectively), for all elements a,b∈A, if and only if Φ is a ∗-ring isomorphism. In particular, if the von Neumann algebras A and B are type I factors, then Φ is a unitary isomorphism or a conjugate unitary isomorphism.
On the structure of some groups having finite contranormal subgroups
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Kurdachenko L. A. , Semko N. N. ,   University of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine
Published: April 2021

Following J.S. Rose, a subgroup H of the group G is said to be contranormal in G, if G=HG. In a certain sense, contranormal subgroups are antipodes to subnormal subgroups. We study the structure of Abelian-by-nilpotent groups having a finite proper contranormal p-subgroup.
Spectra of locally matrix algebras
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Bezushchak Oksana
Published: April 2021

We describe spectra of associative (not necessarily unital and not necessarily countable-dimensional) locally matrix algebras. We determine all possible spectra of locally matrix algebras and give a new proof of Dixmier–Baranov Theorem. As an application of our description of spectra, we determine embeddings of locally matrix algebras.
The prime spectrum of the universal enveloping algebra of the 1-spatial ageing algebra and of U(gl2)
Authors:   University of Sheffield, Bavula Volodymyr , Lu Tao ,   Huaqiao University
Published: April 2021

For the algebras in the title, their prime, primitive and maximal spectra are explicitly described. For each prime ideal an explicit set of generators is given. An explicit description of all the containments between primes is obtained.
Optimization of Basecutter Structural Parameters for Under-the-Ground Sugarcane Basecutting
Authors: Wang Fenglei , Ma Shaochun , Ke Wenli , Xing Haonan , Bai Jing , Hu Jiwei , Yang Yezhen , Wei Yi
Published: April 2021

Highlights

An under-the-ground basecutting mode was employed, which is different from the typical above-the-ground basecutting mode.

A series of field experiments were carried out using the response surface methodology (RSM).

The complicated effect of critical parameters on three indicators (stubble breaking index, stubble uprooting index, and power consumption) was explored.

The optimal values of critical parameters were determined using a multi-objective optimization method.

Abstract. Basecutting is an important process in mechanical sugarcane harvesting, thus, it’s necessary to develop a high-efficient basecutter. The previous research about basecutting has mainly focused on the above-the-ground basecutting instead of under-the-ground basecutting. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze how the critical structural parameters, such as blade number (BN), oblique angle and bevel angle of blades (OA, BA), affect the cutting performance of a sugarcane harvester with an under-the-ground basecutting mode. A series of field tests were carried out using Liugong sugarcane harvester. The experimental indexes were determined as stubble breaking index (BI), stubble uprooting index (UI), and power consumption (PC). The ANOVA results indicated that three regression models of indicators were significant, and were in agreement with the test data. Additionally, it was concluded that OA and BN were the two most important factors when optimizing BI, UI, and PC. BA was the last factor to be considered although it had significant effect on BI and UI. The multi-objective optimization results showed that the optimal parameter combination was 3 of BN, 10° of OA, and 20° of BA, and the corresponding BI, UI, and PC reached the minimum. For sugarcane growers, reduced stubble damage and power consumption could increase the sugarcane germination and decrease the harvesting cost, respectively. For sugarcane mills, this cutting mode might cause potential decrease in sugar quality, specifically sediment levels. However, this disadvantage could be overcome by optimizing basecutter parameters. Keywords: Basecutter, Cutting mode, Power consumption, Stubble breaking, Stubble uprooting, Under-the-ground basecutting.
Sugarcane Basecutters: A Critical Review
Authors: Wang Fenglei , Ma Shaochun , Xing Haonan , Bai Jing , Yang Yezhen , Hu Jiwei , Wei Yi
Published: April 2021

Highlights

This article is focused on the technology review of sugarcane basecutters.

Two cutting theories and two cutting modes are briefly reviewed.

Three optimization methods of parameters for the sugarcane basecutter are summarized.

Four potential research interests to improve the basecutting quality are discussed.

Abstract. Basecutter is a core component of a sugarcane harvester, and its performance significantly influences cane yield and harvesting efficiency. Therefore, it is meaningful to conduct a critical review of sugarcane basecutters. In this article, an introduction about basecutter structure was performed first; then two cutting theories (support/free cutting) and two cutting modes (straight/sliding cutting) were briefly reviewed; and the advantages and disadvantages of different cutting modes were summarized. It was followed by a comprehensive introduction of three optimization methods: theoretical analysis and simulation, indoor experiments, and field experiments. Finally, four potential research interests in improving basecutting quality and exploring the stubble damage process were discussed. In this review, the comprehensive, detailed, and accurate information about sugarcane basecutter was expected to provide engineers with a technology reference to improve the basecutting performance. Keywords: Basecutter, Cutting theories and modes, Optimization methods, Potential research interests, Sugarcane harvester.
Application of the Headstock of CNC Boring Machine for Tractor Engine Cylinder Block Based on Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Wang Yahui   , Shi Ling   , Dang Yiqi   , Sun Shengkai   , Zhang Huipeng  
Published: April 2021

Highlights

The headstock of the single-sided horizontal CNC boring machine specializing in processing tractor 6-cylinder engine cylinders is optimized.

The constraint conditions such as tooth width and modulus are constructed. The model is optimized by the NSGA algorithm, and the optimization results are good.

The optimization results of the NSGA algorithm are compared with the results of the weighted sum method and the GA, which highlights the superiority of the NSGA algorithm.

ABSTRACT. The tractor is one of the most frequently used equipment in agricultural production, and its mass production is the general trend. With the continuous advancement of the global industrialization process, the importance of Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine in the entire industrial production has become more and more prominent, and the application of CNC machine in tractor manufacturing has greatly improved production efficiency. This article takes the headstock of a single-sided horizontal CNC boring machine dedicated to processing tractor 6-cylinder engine cylinders as the research objective, takes the key parameters of the gear train in the headstock as the optimization design variables, constructs constraints, such as modulus, tooth width, etc., establishes a multi-objective optimization mathematical model, uses the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) to process the model and obtains the Pareto solution set through multiple iterations. The optimization results show that the volume, center distance and the reciprocal of coincidence degree of the main shaft 1 transmission group are reduced in varying degrees. Finally, it is compared with the weighted sum method and genetic algorithm (GA) to highlight the superiority of NSGA-II. Keywords: Headstock, Multi-optimization, Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II, Tractor cylinder.
Sperm chemotaxis in marine species is optimal at physiological flow rates according theory of filament surfing
Authors: Lange Steffen , Friedrich Benjamin M.
Published: April 2021

Sperm of marine invertebrates have to find eggs cells in the ocean. Turbulent flows mix sperm and egg cells up to the millimeter scale; below this, active swimming and chemotaxis become important. Previous work addressed either turbulent mixing or chemotaxis in still water. Here, we present a general theory of sperm chemotaxis inside the smallest eddies of turbulent flow, where signaling molecules released by egg cells are spread into thin concentration filaments. Sperm cells ‘surf’ along these filaments towards the egg. External flows make filaments longer, but also thinner. These opposing effects set an optimal flow strength. The optimum predicted by our theory matches flow measurements in shallow coastal waters. Our theory quantitatively agrees with two previous fertilization experiments in Taylor-Couette chambers and provides a mechanistic understanding of these early experiments. ‘Surfing along concentration filaments’ could be a paradigm for navigation in complex environments in the presence of turbulent flow.
Establishment of reference intervals for Platelet Function Analyzer -100 closure time in Algerian adults
Authors: Belkacemi Malika , Merad Yassine , Merbouh Mohamed Amine
Published: April 2021

Introduction

The Platelet Function Analyzer-100 (PFA-100) is a point of care instrument that simulates plug formation under high shear flow. The PFA-100 measures the time required to occlude the aperture in a biochemically active cartridge and is expressed in a term of closure time (CT). In Algeria, the reference values used in clinical laboratories are of Western origin. However, ethnic, genetic, dietary environmental, and diet differences between populations may affect reference intervals. We established the reference intervals of PFA-100 closure times in healthy Algerian adults according to the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry method, and we compared them with those of Western and Asian countries.

Material and methods

We enrolled 303 healthy blood donors in the study. 218 subjects met inclusion criteria. We analyzed the blood sample on the PFA-100 for CT with both the collagen epinephrine and collagen ADP cartridges.

Results

The reference intervals of PFA-100 collagen epinephrine CT and PFA-100 collagen ADP CT were 91–207 seconds and 71–144 seconds, respectively. Compared to Western and Asian populations, there were significant differences. The upper limits of CTs were higher for Algerians in this study. Our findings show that many healthy Algerians would be incorrectly identified as having a primary hemostasis abnormality according to the reference intervals of the manufacturer and scientific literature.

Conclusion

This report provides the first reference intervals for PFA-100 CTs in healthy Algerian adults. These results improve the accuracy of diagnosis and patient care in Algeria.
Removal of cyanobacteria from a water supply reservoir by sedimentation using flocculants and suspended solids as ballast: Case of Legedadi Reservoir (Ethiopia)
Authors: Habtemariam Hanna , Kifle Demeke , Leta Seyoum , Mucci Maíra , Lürling Miquel
Published: April 2021

The massive growth of potentially toxic cyanobacteria in water supply reservoirs, such as Legedadi Reservoir (Ethiopia), poses a huge burden to water purification units and represents a serious threat to public health. In this study, we evaluated the efficiency of the flocculants/coagulants chitosan, Moringa oleifera seed (MOS), and poly-aluminium chloride (PAC) in settling cyanobacterial species present in the Legedadi Reservoir. We also tested whether coagulant-treated reservoir water promotes cyanobacteria growth. Our data showed that suspended solids in the turbid reservoir acted as ballast, thereby enhancing settling and hence the removal of cyanobacterial species coagulated with chitosan, Moringa oleifera seed, or their combination. Compared to other coagulants, MOS of 30 mg/L concentration, with the removal efficiency of 93.6%, was the most effective in removing cyanobacterial species without causing cell lysis. Contrary to our expectation, PAC was the least effective coagulant. Moreover, reservoir water treated with MOS alone or MOS combined with chitosan did not support any growth of cyanobacteria during the first two weeks of the experiment. Our data indicate that the efficacy of a flocculant/coagulant in the removal of cyanobacteria is influenced by the uniqueness of individual lakes/reservoirs, implying that mitigation methods should consider the unique characteristic of the lake/reservoir.
QuASeR: Quantum Accelerated de novo DNA sequence reconstruction
Authors: Sarkar Aritra , Al-Ars Zaid , Bertels Koen
Published: April 2021

In this article, we present QuASeR, a reference-free DNA sequence reconstruction implementation via de novo assembly on both gate-based and quantum annealing platforms. This is the first time this important application in bioinformatics is modeled using quantum computation. Each one of the four steps of the implementation (TSP, QUBO, Hamiltonians and QAOA) is explained with a proof-of-concept example to target both the genomics research community and quantum application developers in a self-contained manner. The implementation and results on executing the algorithm from a set of DNA reads to a reconstructed sequence, on a gate-based quantum simulator, the D-Wave quantum annealing simulator and hardware are detailed. We also highlight the limitations of current classical simulation and available quantum hardware systems. The implementation is open-source and can be found onhttps://github.com/QE-Lab/QuASeR.
Co-fermentation of agricultural organic waste, main and by-products
Authors: Sallai László
Published: April 2021

My research work proposes the study of the impact of the biogas production by co-fermentation of agricultural products. The basic substance is the dangerous liquid pig manure of the concentrated stock of big pig farms. The utilization of these materials as an energy source spells large income for the agricultural enterprises, saving the replacement of plant nutrition utilization of bio-manure, to increase the performance of the plant production, making harmless the dung which means a big environmental load. Because of the profitability of bioenergy utilization depends on the local conditions it is necessary to do experiments to try the available composition of organic wastes in the ratio of the production in advance. We measured the quantity and the methane and CO2 content of the biogas released from the substrate. The experiment simulated real biogas plant conditions, in mesophile temperature, in continuous biodegradation process. It can be considered, as a semi-industrial size.
Antioxidant properties of different apple cultivars
Authors: Krisch Judit , Vucseta Kristóf
Published: April 2021

Dietary antioxidants can be an important part of the healthy diet. Polyphenols from the commonly consumed apple can be possible sources of intake of these phytochemicals.

In our study, the antioxidant properties of six apple cultivars (Golden Delicious, Granny Smiths, Idared, Jonagold, Jonagored and Mutsu) harvested at commercial maturity were examined. Flesh and skin were separated and total phenolics by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and radical scavenging activities using DPPH method were determined for each. For all apples, polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of the skin were significantly higher than that of the flesh showing that apple peel is a valuable part of the fruit. There was a good linear correlation between the polyphenol content and FRAP showing that mainly polyphenols are responsible for this type of antioxidant reaction. Regarding the cultivars, there was an obvious difference between the antioxidant activities of the examined apples. The green variety Granny Smith showed the best results followed by the red-skin apples while yellow-skin apples had the lowest activity.
Advantageous traits of hungarian tomato accessions for future utilization
Authors: Csambalik László , Ladányi Márta , Tóth Eszter , Divéky-Ertsey Anna
Published: April 2021

Due to its production and consumption volume, tomato is one of the most important vegetable of the World. Extensive efforts have been made to overcome genotypic difficulties that decelerated gradual increase of yield. Throughout this improvement, plant genetic resources (PGRs) with unfavorable vegetative and generative characteristics together with possibly valuable traits (e.g. rich flavor, outstanding nutritional content, uncommon fruit size, color, and shape, high adaptation to environmental extremities) have been lost. The side-effects of modern breeding progress, such as loss of flavor, lower nutritional content are measurable now in modern varieties. Tomato PGRs collected by gene banks are available for screening and for re-use of advantageous genes; for this, accession-level testing has to be executed.

The hypothesis of the present study was that the selected Hungarian tomato accessions have valuable yield characteristics, which can be utilized in future breeding programs.

In a three year (2012-2014) open field trial, four PGRs with pepper-shaped fruits were grown together with San Marzano variety as a reference point. The PGRs were the followings (place of origin in brackets): RCAT030271 (Kozárd), RCAT031255 (Soltvadkert), RCAT031257 (Gyöngyös), and RCAT060349 (Nagykáta). The location was the certified organic land of SZIE Soroksár Experimental and Educational Station, Hungary. The propagation material was provided by Research Centre for Agrobiodiversity (NöDiK), Tápiószele. Weight of weekly yield was measured; the fruits were separated to three fractions, i.e. intact, cracked, and infected fractions. Coherences with weather parameters were also investigated.

The potential yield (summary of all fractions) of PGRs were comparable with that of San Marzano variety in 2012, however, the cracked fraction of PGRs were significantly higher. The arid weather of 2013 reduced the ratio of cracked fractions in the case of all PGRs and the variety. The extremely humid season of 2014 was favorable especially for RCAT031257, the intact fraction of which was significantly higher than those of San Marzano. The potential yield of PGRs, with the exception of RCAT060349, was two-fold higher than the value of San Marzano. It was concluded, that scanning Hungarian tomato PGRs for useful traits (e.g. high yield in weather extremities, novel fruit color and shape) is reasonable; these characteristics can possibly be utilized by future breeding efforts.
Mycorrhizal inoculation of onion (Allium cepa l.) in the early developement stages
Authors: Fekete Katalin , Honfi Renáta , Pap Zoltán
Published: April 2021

The onion (Allium cepa) is one of the most widely cultivated vegetables. As a food item, it is usually served cooked, as a vegetable or part of a prepared savoury dish, but can also be eaten raw or used to make pickles or chutneys.

Mycorrhiza fungi are special fungi, which live in connection with plant roots. These are symbiotic fungi which have three main types: arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), ectomycorrhiza and ectendomycorrhiza. AM are probably the most widespread plant symbionts and are formed by 80–90% of land plant species. Crops inoculated with AM have higher yield and quality, and those plants react to stress factors better (e.g. drought, high temperature). Several Allium spp. responded with growth promotion on AM inoculation. According to studies AM fungi also has a positive effect on nutrient content.

The aim of our experiment was to find an appropriate method for inoculation of onion seedlings, and define the minimum time for the appearance of symbiosis under greenhouse conditions.

The experiment took place at Szent István University Faculty of Horticultural Science, at the experimental glasshouse of the Department of Vegetable and Mushroom growing, from 11th September 2017. We used Daytona F1 onion seeds, the media was Latagro KB2 type peat and two types of mycorrhizal products: MycoGrow and Aegis Irriga. The experiment was made with 12 treatments with 30-30 seeds per each treatment. During the experiment, chemically treated and non-treated seeds were used. The seedlings were sampled 5, 7 and 14 weeks after sowing, 5-5 seedlings from each treatment per time. Altogether 96 painted and prepared samples were checked, each with 3-3 roots with a Zeiss Axio Imager A2 microscope.

The results showed the appearance of mycorrhizal fungi in a few treatments. In our examination not only typical AM fungi were found, but also in a treatment we found hyphaes with big amount of septas.

The results show opportunity of artificially infecting transplants after a few weeks with mycorrhizal products. However, continuing the experiment is necessary with some modification of the factors, to make the procedure more effective.
Research of midseason potato varieties suitable for organic growing
Authors: Papp Orsolya , Jung Timea , Drexler Dora
Published: April 2021

An essential issue in organic potato production is choosing the right varieties, because varieties grown under conventional conditions may not always be suitable for organic production. The choice of variety was based solely on farmers’ experience, as research results were not available. Because of the lack of reliable information, ÖMKi initiated an on-farm research program for organic potato production in 2012.

13 mid-season potato varieties with certain degree of resistance to relevant diseases or abiotic stresses were tested on 22 organic farms (2012-2015) in close cooperation with the growers. Quantitative and qualitative parameters were assessed at harvest. The average yield was 2.19-3.45 kg/m² (21-34 t/ha). Among seven qualitative parameters the most relevant quality problems were: Streptomyces and Rhizoctonia infection and damage by insect pests. No significant differences could be shown among the varieties regarding the assessed parameters, but disease resistance often differed compared to the descriptions provided by the seed tuber distributors.

Besides summarizing and sharing research results, regular meetings and field trips were arranged for farmers. As an indirect result of the on-farm research program the communication was highly improved among the participants and a well-working organic potato workgroup was formed.
The effect of different weed control technologies on yield of maize and profitability of maize production
Authors: Kristó István , Vaczkó Gábor , Tar Melinda , Jakab Péter , Hódi László
Published: April 2021

In our investigation, we used different weed control technologies in the different phenology states of the maize. The farm experiment has been carried out in 2017, in Hungary, Kunágota, on good quality chernozem soil, on 20 x 50 m plots. The experiment can be regarded as 9 weed-control strategies where, in addition to the untreated control, two chemicals are applied (Laudis, Capreno) in different doses, two mechanical weed-control technologies, and two combination of chemicals and mechanical weed-control technologies were used. Mechanical weed-control was connected to the herbicide treatments in different times: until 4-6-leaves age weedless, in 4-6-leaves age hoed once, in 4-6-leaves age cultivation once. In our farm experiment, there were assessed the number of plants, length of plants, leaf number of maize, corncob-number, corncob-length, line number of corncob, thousand seed weight yield and profitability of maize production.

Our results were evaluated by a one-factor analysis of variance. Our one-year weed control experiment show that Capreno performed better, than Laudis with respect of plant height, number of leaves, length of corn-cob, number of lines of corn-cob, thousand seed weight and yield. By increasing the dose of Capreno, all the tested values of crop elements degraded except for plant height, so the crop yield also decreased.
Relationships between reproduction parameters in dairy cows
Authors: Bakos Gábor , Béki Szabina , Pócza Szabolcs , Nagy Ádám , Tóth Szandra , Szabari Miklós , Stefler József
Published: April 2021

The aim of the reproductive management of dairy farms is to keep low the days in milk (DIM). Milk production can be profitable only in that case. Calvings make only low DIM. From the economic point of view, to evaluate the amount of the calving is not simple because in many cases the insemination and the calving are not in the same year. We wanted to find a reproduction parameter, which is easy to record, available real time, and corrrelate well with other parameters. We collected reproduction data from 21 farms from 2016. Average numbers of cows, number of the ai (artificial insemination) in cows, number of cows pregnancies, open days (OD), service period (SP), time of first ai (TFAI), conception rate of first ai (CRFAI), conception rate of all ai (CRSAI) were collected. The number of the pregnant cows were grouped, pregancies under 120 days after calving -U120- and pregnancies above 200 -A200- days after calving. The economical effect of open days are well-known. OD correlated with the rate of the pregnancies under 120 days after calving (r = -0.802; P ≤ 0.001). The open days correlated with the rate of the pregnancis above 200 days after calving (r = 0.889; P ≤ 0.001). If the rate of U120 is high, the rate of pregnant cows (ROPC) will be high too (r = 0.611; P = 0.003). A200 is in negative relation with ROPC (r = -0.525; P = 0.015). OD correlated with TFAI (r = 0.562; P = 0.008). ROPC correlated with TFAI (r = -0.457; P = 0.037). OD correlated with SP (r = 0.778; P ≤ 0.001). SP is in negative correlation with CRFAI and CRSAI (r = - 0.577, P = 0.006; r = - 0.773, P ≤ 0.001). SP correlated with U120 and A200 (r= - 0.572, P = 0.007; r = 0.788 P ≤ 0.001). Our study shows that the rate of the pregnant cows are stasistically correlated with many important reproduction parameters. The measurement of the number of pregnant cows is easy, available real time and it has important economical effect on milk production. In summary, the number of pregnant cows is a useful parameter to evaluate the reproductive performance and current status of the farms.
Certain parasitosis of the wild boar and their importance in wildlife management in Hungary and in certain hunting regions of Heves county
Authors: Molnár Lajos
Published: April 2021

The authors examined coccidia infection of fecal of wild boars shot in the south region of Mátra in Hungary. All animals were harvested in the 2009-2011 hunting season.

Seventy one (43.82%) positive results were found out of 162 wild boars tested for coccidia oocyst. The Eimeria spp. were indentified in 44 cases and Eimeria perminuta in 41 cases (93.18%), E. debliecki 21 cases (47.72%), E. scabra 11 cases (25.0%), E. neodebliecki 6 cases (13.63%) were found. In case of the wild boars that were younger than 1-year-old 21 positive samples (29.57%) were found and in case of older than 1-year-old wild boars, 50 (70.42%) animals were tested positively. The coccidia oocyst infection occoured more frequently in case of males- 42 (59.16%) were tested positivley- as for the females 29 (40.84%) positive samples were found. Based on the results, even co-infection between Eimerias and helminths can be assumed.
Obesity Primer for the Practicing Gastroenterologist
Authors: Jirapinyo Pichamol , Thompson Christopher C.
Published: April 2021

With worsening of the obesity pandemic, gastroenterologists will see more patients with this chronic disease. Given the association between obesity and several gastrointestinal conditions and the interplay between obesity pathophysiology and gut hormones, gastroenterologists can play an important role in the management of this disease. Furthermore, because more patients undergo bariatric surgery, an understanding of postsurgical anatomy and medical and endoscopic management of bariatric surgical complications is essential. This article provides clinical tools for the assessment and management of obesity for the general gastroenterologist. Tables containing high-yield practical information are also provided for quick reference.
Adverse Event Profile During the Treatment of Helicobacter pylori: A Real-World Experience of 22,000 Patients From the European Registry on H. pylori Management (Hp-EuReg)
Authors: Nyssen Olga P. , Perez-Aisa Angeles , Tepes Bojan , Castro-Fernandez Manuel , Kupcinskas Juozas , Jonaitis Laimas , Bujanda Luis , Lucendo Alfredo , Jurecic Natasa Brglez , Perez-Lasala Jorge , Shvets Oleg , Fadeenko Galina , Huguet Jose M. , Kikec Zdenki , Bordin Dmitry , Voynovan Irina , Leja Marcis , Machado Jose Carlos , Areia Miguel , Fernandez-Salazar Luis , Rodrigo Luis , Alekseenko Sergey , Barrio Jesus , Ortuño Juan , Perona Monica , Vologzhanina Liudmila , Romero Pilar Mata , Zaytsev Oleg , Rokkas Theodore , Georgopoulos Sotirios , Pellicano Rinaldo , Buzas Gyorgy M. , Modolell Ines , Gomez Rodriguez Blas Jose , Simsek Ilkay , Simsek Cem , Lafuente Marina Roldan , Ilchishina Tatiana , Camarero Judith Gomez , Dominguez-Cajal Manuel , Ntouli Vassiliki , Dekhnich Natalia Nikolaevna , Phull Perminder , Nuñez Oscar , Lerang Frode , Venerito Marino , Heluwaert Frederic , Tonkic Ante , Caldas Maria , Puig Ignasi , Megraud Francis , O'Morain Colm , Gisbert Javier P. ,   On behalf of the Hp-EuReg Investigators
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCTION:

The safety of Helicobacter pylori eradication treatments and to what extent adverse events (AEs) influence therapeutic compliance in clinical practice are hardly known. Our aim was to assess the frequency, type, intensity, and duration of AEs, and their impact on compliance, for the most frequently used treatments in the “European Registry on Helicobacter pylori management.”

METHODS:

Systematic prospective noninterventional registry of the clinical practice of European gastroenterologists (27 countries, 300 investigators) on the management of H. pylori infection in routine clinical practice. All prescribed eradication treatments and their corresponding safety profile were recorded. AEs were classified depending on the intensity of symptoms as mild/moderate/severe and as serious AEs. All data were subject to quality control.

RESULTS:

The different treatments prescribed to 22,492 patients caused at least 1 AE in 23% of the cases; the classic bismuth-based quadruple therapy was the worst tolerated (37% of AEs). Taste disturbance (7%), diarrhea (7%), nausea (6%), and abdominal pain (3%) were the most frequent AEs. The majority of AEs were mild (57%), 6% were severe, and only 0.08% were serious, with an average duration of 7 days. The treatment compliance rate was 97%. Only 1.3% of the patients discontinued treatment due to AEs. Longer treatment durations were significantly associated with a higher incidence of AEs in standard triple, concomitant, bismuth quadruple, and levofloxacin triple or quadruple therapies.

DISCUSSION:

Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment frequently induces AEs, although they are usually mild and of limited duration. Their appearance does not interfere significantly with treatment compliance.
Apontamentos sobre o testemunho infantil na historiografia da Educação (Brasil, Séculos 19 e 20)
Authors: Anjos Juarez José Tuchinski dos
Published: April 2021

Em se tratando de tentar ouvir a voz da criança do passado, a que tipos de testemunhos infantis têm recorrido os historiadores e historiadoras da educação brasileira? Oferecer alguns apontamentos em torno dessa questão é o objetivo deste artigo. O recorte cronológico adotado transita entre os séculos 20 e 19. Em termos metodológicos, visita três campos historiográficos, entre os quais há intersecção e cruzamento de interesses em torno da criança no passado: o da historiografia da infância, o da historiografia da cultura sobre o Brasil e o da historiografia da educação propriamente dita. As conclusões apontam que, a depender do período estudado, variam as fontes disponíveis. Para o século 20 têm sido utilizadas, recentemente, escritas infantis, documentos produzidos pela própria criança (cadernos escolares ou correspondências). Já para o século 19, os egodocumentos são as fontes que, mesmo indiretas, permitem acessar as experiências da criança brasileira daquela época.
Industriar o professor: uma cartografia dos cinematógrafos no Brasil (1910 a 1930)
Authors: Souza Luani de Liz , Silva Vera Lucia Gaspar da
Published: April 2021

Este texto apresenta dados que caracterizam a presença (física e retórica) e a circulação do cinematógrafo na escola brasileira. A documentação consultada permite construir (ou reconstruir) parte de uma narrativa que enaltece a modernidade e o progresso na educação através da invenção, fabricação e comercialização de um conjunto de artefatos, entre eles o cinematógrafo. Da narrativa da modernidade, fomentada pelas Exposições Universais, às alianças entre o setor educativo e a indústria que descobre na escola um grande mercado, vai-se construindo um mapa que retrata a presença de indústrias e representantes comerciais bem como, do próprio objeto na escola. Não menos importante é a formulação do Instituto de Cinema Educativo, suas funções e atividades e às relações comerciais estabelecidas com as indústrias internacionais de cinematografia. A narrativa dos conteúdos escolares estaria assim balizada por interesses da indústria e seus aliados e porta-vozes que irão defender a necessidade de industriar o professor.
The Influence of Severity Violation, Demographic Factors and Organizational Factors on Whistleblowing Intention
Authors: Alamsyah Chandra , Ismawan Dwi Putra
Published: April 2021

One of the factors that motivate someone to become a whistleblower is demographic factors such as gender and ethnicity. Another factor that can motivate someone's intention to do whistleblowing is managerial status. High-level managers, have positive perceptions about whistleblowing and may do whistleblowing, so the authors are interested in examining the influence of the seriousness of violations, demographic factors and organizational factors on whistleblowing intentions. The sample in this study is the financial section of the Central Java Regional OJK Work Unit. The number of samples in this study were 86 respondents because they felt they could represent the total number of accountants. Based on the discussion in this study, the researcher concludes that several results of the study stated that the saverity of the violation had a significant positive effect on whisteblowing intention, That is, if the level of severity is more serious, then one's intention to do whistleblowing will increase.
MSMEs Competitiveness and Potential Capital Improvement Through Improving The Financial Statement Quality
Authors: Senjani Yayu Putri
Published: April 2021

The development of MSMEs started to contribute to the country's economy requires an increase in resources. The resources consist of human resources and assets in the form of funds. There are two options for adding funds, namely through loans and issuing shares. This study aimed to analyze the competitiveness of MSMEs in relation to the Capital Improvement Potential through Quality Improvement of Financial Statements. This research is a quantitative descriptive study. Data is distributed using a questionnaire aimed at Investors with the Convenience Random Sampling method and conducting a related literature review. Simple statistical data processing using Ms. Excel. The results showed that MSMEs have the opportunity to obtain capital from investors. MSMEs capital improvement opportunities can be achieved by improving the quality of financial reporting. Capital obtained from MSMEs can improve the competitiveness of MSMEs
Does Financial Ratios and Company Size Affect Dividend Payout Ratio?
Authors: Nuriatullah Nuriatullah
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Growth, Return On Assets (ROA), and Firm Size have an effect on the Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR). The data used in this research is secondary data in the form of banking financial performance data, and is obtained from the Annual Financial Statements of Commercial Banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2015-2018. Banking used is 30 companies with a total sample of 120. The data is pooled data. The data were analyzed by using the multiple linear regression method with the SPSS analysis tool. LDR has a significant positive effect on the DPR, DER has a significant negative effect on the DPR, Growth has a significant negative effect on the DPR, Return on Assets (ROA) has a significant positive effect on the DPR, Bank Size has a significant positive effect on the DPR. Overall, the independent variables together have a significant effect on the DPR.
Sharia Hybrid Contract Compliance of Islamic Microfinance Institutions in Jepara Regency
Authors: Sa’diyah Mahmudatus , Gumilar Asep Gugun , Susilo Edi
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the sharia compliance of the Hybrid Contract of the Syriah Microfinance Institution (LKMS) in Jepara Regency. This type of research is a Field Research, using a content analysis approach; to interpret data not as a series of physical events, but as symbolic symptoms to reveal the meaning contained in a text, and the understanding of the message presented. The research object selected was BMT in Jepara Regency which applies contract and unique hybrid products, namely BMT Mitra Muamalah (Mitramu) which has the product "Gold Pawn" and BMT Harapan Bersama (HARBER) which has a Musyarakah Mutanaqishah (MMq) product. The results showed that the Musyarakah Mutanaqishah (MMq) financing agreement at BMT Harapan Bersama (HARBER) Jepara was in accordance with the DSN-MUI fatwa NO: 73 / DSN-MUI / XI / 2008. Rahn's contract which is run by BMT Mitra Muamalah Jepara is in accordance with the DSN-MUI Fatwa Number: 25 / DSN-MUI / III / 2002, and Fatwa DSN-MUI Number: 26 / DSN-MUI / III / 2002.. Weak internal and external supervision at Cooperative entities, the implementation of hybrid contracts in the field is prone to deviations and falling to "Riba".
Effect of Profitability, Leverage, Liquidity and Activity Against Financial Distress Conditions
Authors: Sugiarto Sugiarto , Mahanani Setyo
Published: April 2021

This research aims to determine the effect of profitability, leverage, liquidity and activity on financial distress. The research period is 2018. The approach in this study is quantitative research with all manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2018 as the population, which were then selected by purposive sampling method to obtain samples. This research uses logistic regression analysis method. The results of the study indicate that profitability has a negative effect on financial distress as indicated by the regression coefficient of -0.40732. and the prob value. 0.0097 is less than 0.05. Leverage has a positif effect on financial distress. This refers to the regression coefficient of 0.090522 and the prob value. 0.0353<0.05. Liquidity has no effect on financial distress conditions. This refers to the regression coefficient of 0.003604 and the resulting significance value is greater than the required level of significance, namely 0.503> 0.05. Activity has negative effect on financial distress. This refers to the regression coefficient of -0.09906 and the resulting significance value is less than required, namely  0.0047<0.05.
Incidencia de la segregación escolar por nivel socioeconómico en el rendimiento académico. Un estudio desde Perú
Authors: Murillo F. Javier , Carrillo Sandra
Published: April 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue estimar la incidencia de la segregación por nivel socioeconómico escolar en el rendimiento de los alumnos. Se realizó una explotación de los datos de la Evaluación Censal de Estudiantes (ECE) del Ministerio de Educación de Perú, a través de Modelos Multinivel con tres niveles de análisis (región, escuela y estudiante). Para estimar la magnitud de la segregación en cada escuela se utilizó el índice de Raíz Cuadrada de Hutchens. La muestra estuvo conformada por los 502.521 estudiantes de 2º de Secundaria de 12.862 escuelas del país. Los resultados evidencian que la segregación escolar incide de forma clara, directa y medible al rendimiento en las tres áreas analizadas, e incluso contribuye a explicar en mayor medida que el nivel socioeconómico promedio de la escuela. Asimismo, la concentración de estudiantes con familias de menor nivel socioeconómico en la escuela hace que el rendimiento sea menor en las tres áreas; mientras que la concentración de estudiantes con familias de mayor nivel socioeconómico hace que el rendimiento mejore, también en las tres áreas. Este estudio aporta sólidas evidencias de cómo la segregación socioeconómica escolar afecta la eficiencia del sistema educativo, así como la igualdad de oportunidades educativas para todos.
Supracricoid partial laryngectomy with crico-hyoido-epiglottopexy for glottic carcinoma with anterior commissure involvement
Authors: Atallah I. , Berta E. , Coffre A. , Villa J. , Reyt E. , Righini C.A.
Published: April 2021

I tumori della glottide scoperti in fase precoce (T1-T2) possono essere trattati sia con la radioterapia, sia mediante un intervento chirurgico. Lo scopo del nostro studio è stato quello di analizzare la sopravvivenza ed i risultati funzionali della laringectomia parziale sopracricoidea con crico-ioido-epiglotto-pessia per trattare il carcinoma della glottide con coinvolgimento della commissura anteriore. Abbiamo condotto uno studio retrospettivo (1996-2013), che includeva pazienti sottoposti a laringectomia parziale sopracricoidea con crico-ioidoepiglotto- pessia per un carcinoma a cellule squamose della glottide coinvolgente la commissura anteriore. Prima dellintervento è stato inoltre effettuato uno staging completo con TC del collo e del torace, nonché una laringoscopia diretta in sospensione in anestesia generale. 53 pazienti sono stati inclusi nel nostro studio. Il periodo mediano di follow-up è stato di 124 mesi. La resezione tumorale è stata completa nel 96,2% dei casi. I tassi di sopravvivenza, specifica e senza recidiva, a 5 anni sono stati rispettivamente 93,7%, 95,6 e 87,7%. Il periodo medio di ricovero è stato di 18 giorni. I tempi medi trascorsi prima del decannulamento e prima della ripresa dellalimentazione per os sono stati rispettivamente 15 e 18 giorni. La laringectomia parziale sopracricoidea con crico-ioido-epiglotto-pessia è unopzione importante per la conservazione chirurgica della laringe. Tale approccio consente un adeguato controllo della malattia e buoni risultati funzionali, purchè le indicazioni siano seguite pedissequamente e la tecnica chirurgica sia perfetta.