bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Ways to Assess the Quality of Education in Professional Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Zikirova G. , Akmatkulov A.
Published: August 2020

In this article, the problem of knowledge quality has become a subject of public attention in recent years. The creation of organizational models for quality control of education and the regulatory framework for the national system for evaluating the quality of education is one of the priorities of the educational policy of our Republic. The creation of such a system, on the one hand, forces the need to ensure state guarantees of education, and on the other-stimulates the legitimate interest of clients in quality education. The quality assessment means the evaluation of educational achievements of students, quality of educational programs, implementation of educational process in a particular educational institution, the educational process in the whole country and its territorial systems. The theoretical basis of these sets of core competencies are the provisions formulated in psychology. It is indicated that the subject of human communication, knowledge, work is manifested in the system of human relations to society, to other people, to themselves, to work; human competence has an axiological vector of development; professional competence includes competence.
Scientific and Technical Relations of Uzbekistan With Foreign Countries
Authors: Jahongirov B.
Published: August 2020

Present article deals with the scientific and technical relations of Uzbekistan with foreign countries, in which the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan cooperates with research institutes, research centers, higher educational institutions on the basis of agreements and scientific projects on the development of science. The issues of holding conferences and scientific seminars on the basis of projects, exchange of experience, joint training of scientific personnel, development of mutually beneficial research work in the future were studied.
Üniversitede Çevre Tutum ve Davranış Düzeylerini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Çalışma: Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: ACUNGİL Yavuz
Published: August 2020

Sınırsız tüketim olgusunun zaruri bir durum olarak sunulduğu günümüzde, çevrenin sahip olduğu kaynaklar üzerinde büyük bir baskı bulunmaktadır. Bireylerin hazlarının tatmini için hızla kaynakların tüketildiği ve hızla çevrenin yok edildiği bu çağda, çevreyi korumanın önemi her geçen gün önem kazanmaktadır. Bu bakımdan çevresel konularda bilinç kazanmış, çevresel duyarlılık ve farkındalıkları yüksek bireyler yetiştirmesi önem arz etmektedir. Üniversite öğrencileri, hem geleceğin çeşitli kurumları etkileyecek ve yönlendirecek profesyonel kişileri olarak, hem de yeni nesillerin yetiştirilmesinde önemli görevlere sahip ebeveynleri olarak temiz ve sağlıklı çevrenin sürdürülebilirliğinde etken olacaklardır. Bu bağlamda üniversite öğrencilerinin çevresel konulardaki yaklaşımlarının ne durumda olduğu ve çevresel konularda ne gibi
eksikliklerin olduğunu tespit etmek çevresel konuların çözümünde etken olacaktır. Çalışmada öncelikle çevretoplum, çevre-tüketim kültürü ilişkileri ele alınmış ve çevresel kavramlar açıklanmıştır. Ardından Tokat il merkezinde öğrenim gören üniversite öğrencilerinin çevresel tutum, farkındalık, duyarlılık ve davranış algılarını tespit etmeye yönelik olarak 1457 öğrenciye yönelik bir alan çalışmasına yer verilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular sonuç bölümünde tartışılmıştır.
MYOFACIAL PAIN SYNDROME OF THE UPPER TRAPEZIUS MUSCLE INCIDENTS BASED ON AGE AND LENGTH OF WORK FOR BATIK TULIS WORKERS IN WIRADESA DISTRICT
Authors: Aktifah Nurul
Published: August 2020

Background: Myofascial pain syndrome of the upper trapezius muscle is pain in the muscles that is characterized by trigger points. Work with a statistical position for 8 hours every day can cause the syndrome. Objective: To determine the incidence of Myofascial pain syndrome of the upper trapezius muscle based on age and length of work of batik workers. Research Methods: Descriptive study. Respondents in this study were 25 batik workers using accidental sampling method. The research instrument uses the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: myofascial pain syndrome in upper trapezius muscle category of uncontrolled severe pain experienced by respondents aged 46-60 amounted to 10 respondents (40%) and the length of work less than 10 years were 11 respondents (44%). Conclusion: The results of this study illustrate that age and length of work can be risk factors for myofascial pain syndrome of upper trapezius muscle in batik tulis workers in Wiradesa District.
STUDI KASUS: PROGRAM FISIOTERAPI PADA CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME CASE STUDY: PHYSIOTHERAPY PROGRAMS IN CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
Authors: Rahman Farid
Published: August 2020

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) adalah kelainan nyeri pada ekstremitas atas yang disebabkan oleh kompresi saraf medianus di terowongan karpal, dengan prevalensi berkisar antara 6,3% hingga 11,7%. Ketika terjadi penekanan nervus akan menyebabkan nyeri, gejala neurologis dan penurunan kemampuan fungsional dan dapat menganggu aktivitas pekerjaan. Pengobatan carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) dapat dilakukan dengan medikasi dan program fisioterapi. Program fisioterapi bermanfaat untuk menurunkan nyeri, penguatan otot ekstremitas atas dan wrist dan meningkatkan aktivitas fungsional dan mengurangi resiko disabiltias. Tujuan studi ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas program fisioterapi dengan menggunakan ultrasound, nervus dan tendon gliding terhadap peningkatan aktivitas fungsional pada penederita Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

 

Kata kunci:Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS), Aktivitas Fungsional, Terapi Latihan, Electro Physical Agent.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN TOWEL CURL EXERCISE TERHADAP KELINCAHAN ANAK FLAT FOOT USIA 7-9 TAHUN DI MAKASSAR EFFECT OF TOWEL CURL EXERCISE ON THE AGILITY OF FLAT CHILDREN FOOT AGES 7-9 YEARS IN MAKASSAR
Authors: Hardiyanty Nur , Mas'ud Ajeng Kartini , Rini Ita
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAK

 

Anak flat foot usia 7-9 tahun berisiko memiliki gangguan kelincahan dibandingkan anak normal usia 7-9 tahun lainnya. Penelitian ini mengangkat permasalahan pengaruh pemberian towel curl exercise terhadap kelincahan anak flat foot usia 7-9 tahun di makassar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui permasalahan pengaruh pemberian towel curl exercise terhadap kelincahan anak flat foot usia 7-9 tahun di makassar.

Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre-experimental dengan menggunakan desain penelitian one-group pretest posttest design dengan variabel independent adalah towel curl exercise dan variabel dependent adalah kelincahan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 29 orang. Penentuan sampel berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Instrumen atau alat pengambilan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah shuttle run test . Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 5 minggu. 

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 29 responden yang diberikan towel curl exercise dengan frekuensi 3 kali dalam 1 minggu berpengaruh terhadap perubahan kelincahan anak flat foot usia 7-9 tahun di makassar dengan nilai signifikan Uji T berpasangan P = 0.000 (p<0,05). Penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh towel curl exercise terhadap kelincahan anak flat foot usia 7-9 tahun di makassar.

 

Kata Kunci : Towel Curl Exercise, Kelincahan, Flat Foot

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT

Flat foot children aged 7-9 years are at risk of having agility disorders compared to normal children aged 7-9 years. This study raised the issue of the effect of giving curl towel exercise to the agility of flat foot children aged 7-9 years in Makassar. The purpose of this study was to determine the problem of the effect of giving curl towel exercise to the agility of flat foot children aged 7-9 years in Makassar.

The type of research used was pre-experimental using a one-group pretest posttest design design with independent variables being towel curl exercise and the dependent variable was agility. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique with a sample of 29 people. Determination of samples based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The instrument or data collection tool used in this research is shuttle run test. This study was conducted for 5 weeks.

The results showed that 29 respondents who were given curl towel exercise with a frequency of 3 times a week had an effect on changes in agility of flat foot children aged 7-9 years in Makassar with a significant value of paired T Test P = 0.000 (p <0.05). This study showed that there was an effect of towel curl exercise on the agility of flat foot children aged 7-9 years in Makassar.

Keywords: Towel Curl Exercise, Agility, Flat Foot
Detection of Brucellosis in Blood of Cows in Some Farms of Khartoum State
Authors: Khalid Basheir Sara Mohammed Elmahadi , Othman Amira AltoomFuzi , Taher Gorish Babbiker Mohammed
Published: August 2020

Brucellosis is an infectious disease that affect human as well as animals. The disease is caused by exposure to a bacterial species belong to the genus Brucella. Brucellosis has wide distribution in sub-Saharan African countries, including Sudan in which the diagnosis remains a great challenge and basically depend on serology. The present study was carried out on five dairy cattle farms allegedly free from brucellosis, but with sporadic cases of abortion. As well-known Sudan has a many dairy industries with peri‑urban dairy establishments which built in order to improve milk availability to rural communities. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of brucellosis in Sudan, using samples submitted to collect from different farms. Five farms were tested with Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and Enzyme-linked Immune-absorbent Assay (ELISA). Parallel testing was used to determine whether a farm was to be considered positive or not. The result showed that out of 70 cow’s Blood samples examine 22 (31.4%) had positive RBPT results while the rest (68.6%) had Negative RBPT results. Of the Five farms which were examined the positive cows were observed in only 2 farms. The results show the need to carry out surveillance of brucellosis in cattle in Sudan to understand the spatial distribution of the disease in the country. These surveillance could reduce the risk of Brucellosis spreading and consequently improvement will take place in the quality of livestock and their dairy product which consumed by the human in those areas.
Malakoplakia of the Kidney: A Review and Update of the Literature
Authors: Kodzo-Grey Venyo Anthony
Published: August 2020

Malakoplakia of kidney (MOK) is a very uncommon disease. Various internet data bases were searched to review the literature on MOK. Results obtained from reported cases and discussions relating to MOK did reveal the ensuing: MOK is a rare chronic inflammatory disease; MOK can affect kidneys in adults and children including transplanted kidneys and the immunosuppressed. MOK often tends to be associated with chronic / long term urinary tract infections especially coliforms. The manifestation of MOK is non-specific including fever, lethargy, loin pain, haematuria and loss of weight plus other non-specific symptoms. The radiology imaging appearances tend to be non-specific (normal, mimicking abscess or renal carcinoma or other chronic inflammations of kidney.  Diagnosis of MOK has been established through histological examination of biopsy specimen of the lesion, FNA, or nephrectomy specimens by presence of histiocytes with Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. PCR may also be used to identify E coli in kidney tissue. MOK can be successfully treated by utilizing antibiotics (quinolones) but nephrectomy has been undertaken because of the lesion mimicking renal carcinoma.  MOK does tend to be associated with coliform infections, the immunosuppressed and may mimic malignancy of the kidney. If a lesion in the kidney is associated with recurrent coliform infection / immunosuppression, MOK should be suspected and radiology imaging biopsy of the suspected renal lesion should be undertaken for the diagnosis to avoid unnecessary nephrectomy. Nevertheless, some complicated cases of MOK do need to be effectively treated by means of neohrectomy.
Study the Anatomy and Physiology of Body's Urinary System and Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) for the Design an Intelligent Alarm System for Monitoring of FMS
Authors: Shirzadfar Hamidreza , Gordoghli Narsis
Published: August 2020

In recent years, chronic medical problems have become increasingly prevalent. Chronic ‎illnesses challenge the view of life as a regular and continuous process, a challenge that has ‎important psychological consequences. The long duration of people suffering from these ‎diseases, the long process of treatment and the fact that there is no proper and definitive ‎treatment for most of these diseases and their associated complications have made chronic ‎diseases a detrimental factor in public health. According to the World Health Organization ‎‎(2006), the prevalence of chronic and non-communicable diseases is increasing in all countries, ‎especially developing countries, so that the major challenge for the health system in the present ‎century, is not living people, but better adapted to chronic illnesses and maintaining their ‎mental and social health and well-being Ed's life-threatening chronic physical illness.‎ Chronic pain is a pain that lasts longer than usual, and according to the criteria of the ‎International Association of Pain, this time is defined as at least 3 months to 6 months. Chronic ‎pain is such that not only faced the sick person whit the pressure of the pain but also with many ‎other pressure that affect different parts of her life. Fibromyalgia is one of the most rheumatologic disorders and one of the most resistant chronic ‎pain syndromes. Fibromyalgia is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in adults ‎and chronic pain is one of the most common complaints in this group of patients.
Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and associated factors towards Self-Insulin Administration among Diabetic Patients in Hawassa Referral Hospital, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Getachew Fikreselassie , Solomon Damtew
Published: August 2020

Diabetes Mellitus which is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome secondary to defects in insulin secretions recognized as one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Knowledge about Diabetes Mellitus is a prerequisite for individuals and communities to take action for control the diabetes, but there is inadequate knowledge and poor practice level on insulin self-administration among Diabetes Mellitus patients. To assess the knowledge, Attitude and practice of self-insulin administration and associated factors among diabetic patient in Hawassa referral hospital. Institutional based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 180 diabetic patients by systematic random sampling technique, in Hawassa referral hospital. Structured and pre tested questionnaire was used to collect the data. The collected data was processed and analyzed using manual and computer software. Chi square test was done between two variables and P-value less than 0.05 were taken as statistically significant. A total of 180 people were included in the study of which the majority 107(59%) were men and in the age group of 35-44 years (23.9%).One hundred twenty-seven (70.6%) of the participant were married followed by single 40(22.2%).As to their occupation government employee accounts (25%) and above half (52.8%) of the respondents gets >1200 birr per month. One hundred twenty eight (71.1%) participants had favorable attitude. Literacy and marital status were significantly associated with good knowledge with p-value of 0.001, 0.011 and x2= 10.401, 6.467 respectively. The current study was identified the gap in knowledge regarding diabetes. The gap might be due to high illiteracy rate of the study participants, less devoted time by physicians to the patients, and less participation of media and Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) in awareness creation about diabetes in our setting.
PREWILTED SILAGE IS AN ENSILED GRASS FODDER OF TOP PRIORITY
Authors: Popov Vladimir
Published: August 2020

Article is devoted quality, production and use of prewilted silage as a best kind of ensilage forage. In a review the forage names are considered. According to the theory of operationalism in 60s years of last century there was introduced a term “haylage”, and in 2010 and 2014 in Belarus (СТБ 1223), and then in the Russian Federation (ГОСТ Р 55986) the term “prewilted silage”. In Germany the prewilted silage (“Spitzensilage”, “Topsilage”) is considerd as a main kind of forage for cows, yielding 10000 L milk pro year. Now the annual volume of prewilted silage production in the Russian Federation exceeds 10 million tons. In some books published last years the information on a chemical composition and nutritive value of prewilted silage produced in the Vologda region and Udmurtiya Republic is reported. Mainly the article is devoted analysis of these data, examples of different quality prewilted silage are given, progressive methods for preparation of a highly nourishing forage are recommended. Foreign and domestic prices on fodder analyses are pointed out. It is recommended to improve system of a forage quality evaluation and use in an animal feeding formula.
WHITE MUSTARD — MEANING, APPLICATION
Authors: Volovik Valentina
Published: August 2020

A review of the literature on the significance, biological features, and use of white mustard is presented. White mustard is one of the most precocious crops of the cabbage family. It is used as a forage and sideral crop. It has a large yield of green mass, is unpretentious in cultivation, it can be used from early spring to late autumn. When sown as an intermediate crop, white mustard plants in the early flowering phase contain 21–25% protein, 24–27% fiber in the dry matter; the nutritional value of 1 kg of dry matter is 0.7–0.8 feed units. Great preceding crop, phytomeliorant and phytoremediate soil, improves the physical properties of soils. It is used in multicomponent mixtures for green fodder and as a supporting crop in mixed agrocenoses with legumes, and is increasingly used as a cover crop for perennial grasses. The oil is used in the food industry and for biofuel production. Seeds, cake and meal are used in the medical, cosmetic, food, chemical industries, have herbicidal and insecticidal properties when used in biological agriculture. White mustard is characterized by such positive economic signs, as the resistance to cracking of pods, the early blight, heat stress, insect pests and nematodes; used in distant hybridization with rapeseed spring with the aim of improving rapeseed on a number of sings. For 2020, 19 varieties of white mustard are allowed to be used, 4 of them are foreign, and 5 varieties are declared as non-erucic. The variety of white mustard Lugovskaya, created in the Federal Research Center "VIK named after V.R. Williams", is used for forage and sideration purposes both in the main and in intermediate crops. The vegetation period in the Center Non-Chernozem zone is from 78 to 92 days. Seed yield from 1.94 to 2.35 t/ha, yield of green mass when sown in spring from 19.9 to 23.4 t/ha, dry matter – from 2.5 to 3.9 t/ha.
Extra anpassningar i skolan ur speciallärares och specialpedagogers perspektiv
Authors: Westerholm Kristin , Mattsson Tove , Lindqvist Henrik
Published: August 2020

Extra anpassningar ska kopplas till lärares ordinarie undervisning i klassrummet, snarare än till ett specialiserat och exkluderat särskilt stöd. Speciallärare och specialpedagoger är nyckelpersoner i arbetet med extra anpassningar, både i arbetet direkt med elever men också indirekt, genom stöd till lärare. I denna studie har vi uppmärksammat speciallärares och specialpedagogers specifika erfaren­heter av arbete med extra anpassningar. Det som framkommer är att extra anpassningar är en insats som deltagarna har tilltro till. Samtidigt framställs arbetet med extra anpassningar som komplext att tolka och att ge lärare stöd i. Ett möjligt sätt att tydliggöra specialfunktionens arbete är att använda sig av den organisatoriska stödstrukturen Respons To Intervention (RTI) som ramverk.
PENDEKATAN FENOMENOLOGI DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM PERSPEKTIF RICHARD C. MARTIN
Authors: ALFIAN MUHAMMAD , HERNINGRUM INDAH , BAHRI MUHAMMAD FAJRUL
Published: August 2020

This article aimed to study one of the phenomenological approaches proposed by Richard C. Martin. Religion is a complicated thing to be studied. Since Islam as a multi-dimensional religion requires a comprehensive study through methods and approaches. Generally, Richard C. Martin stated that religion is a social phenomenon that arises or is intentionally raised to regulate the goodness of human life. Commonly, this kind of approach is still unacceptable, but it should be considered as a research object for academics (khawas). Especially in Islamic education academics. The authors employed library research method to further elaborate on Richard C. Martin's thought in his phenomenological approach. The approach used is a descriptive qualitative approach.
Pavement Defect Segmentation in Orthoframes with a Pipeline of Three Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Lõuk Roland , Riid Andri , Pihlak René , Tepljakov Aleksei
Published: August 2020

In the manuscript, the issue of detecting and segmenting out pavement defects on highway roads is addressed. Specifically, computer vision (CV) methods are developed and applied to the problem based on deep learning of convolutional neural networks (ConvNets). A novel neural network structure is considered, based on a pipeline of three ConvNets and endowed with the capacity for context awareness, which improves grid-based search for defects on orthoframes by considering the surrounding image content—an approach, which essentially draws inspiration from how humans tend to solve the task of image segmentation. Also, methods for assessing the quality of segmentation are discussed. The contribution also describes the complete procedure of working with pavement defects in an industrial setting, involving the workcycle of defect annotation, ConvNet training and validation. The results of ConvNet evaluation provided in the paper hint at a successful implementation of the proposed technique.
Long-Term Control of Hedge Bindweed (Calystegia sepium L.) with Single, Tank Mixture, and Sequential Applications of Glyphosate, 2,4-D, and Dicamba
Authors: Kolmanič Aleš , Leskovšek Robert , Lešnik Mario
Published: August 2020

Hedge bindweed (Calystegia sepium L.) is a widespread troublesome perennial weed species that has strong rhizome regenerative capacity. Four pot trials with randomised, complete block designs were conducted in 2015 to evaluate long-term control of hedge bindweed using individual, tank mixture, and sequential applications of selected herbicides. Two different formulations of N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine (glyphosate; isopropylamine, trimesium salts) were applied at 2000 g active ingredient (a.i.) ha−1. Additionally, two synthetic auxins were applied as 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba) at 500 g a.i. ha−1 and the dimethylamine salt of (2,4 dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D) at 1000 g a.i. ha−1. Tank mixtures and sequential applications (12/24 h separation) of these different herbicides were also included. Long-term control of hedge bindweed, Calystegia sepium L., growth was evaluated 8 months after treatments, as comparisons of shoot and rhizome growth (biomass) between untreated and treated plants. There were no differences between the two formulations of glyphosate alone, with shoot and rhizome biomass reductions of 83% and 42%, respectively. Dicamba alone inhibited shoot and rhizome biomass by 86% and 67%, respectively. By itself, 2,4-D provided the greatest reductions in shoot and rhizome biomasses, 93% and 79%, respectively. Antagonism was seen in the tank mixtures of glyphosate and dicamba or 2,4-D. Tank mixtures were generally comparable to treatments of glyphosate alone, and were less effective compared to dicamba or 2,4-D alone. The greatest reduction of bindweed rhizome biomass was for sequential glyphosate trimesium salt followed by 2,4-D 12 h later, thus showing significantly greater efficacy over glyphosate isopropylamine salt (94% vs. 84%; p ≤ 0.05). These data for reductions of the growth of the rhizome biomass show that the sequential application of glyphosate followed by 2,4-D significantly improves long-term control of hedge bindweed.
Revamping of Cotton Breeding Programs for Efficient Use of Genetic Resources under Changing Climate
Authors: Mubarik Muhammad Salman , Ma Chenhui , Majeed Sajid , Du Xiongming , Azhar Muhammad Tehseen
Published: August 2020

Empirical cotton breeding was based upon the concept of selecting single and best high-yielding progeny from the segregating populations to develop a cultivar. It helped in releasing of high yielding varieties with superior fibre quality through conventional breeding. Though the production of cotton has been increased manifold in the last decades, but it has also seen enormous ebb and flow of yield uncertainties during the past several years. Therefore, the development of climatic resilient cotton ideotypes through the introduction of wild alleles and using contemporary genetic markers have become inevitable. Emerging genome engineering technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 system can also potentially exploited to edit the disease susceptible and negative regulators of yield related genes in cotton. In the present review we concentrate on accomplishments and forthcoming of plant breeding and biotechnology to facelift the cotton breeding programs.
Genetics of Height and Branching in Faba Bean (Vicia faba)
Authors: Hughes Jessa , Khazaei Hamid , Vandenberg Albert
Published: August 2020

A better understanding of the genetics of plant architecture, including height and branching, could improve faba bean breeding for varieties with better fit into specific cropping systems. This study aimed to determine the inheritance and genetic interactions of the sources of the dwarf gene (dwf1) and semi-dwarf gene (dwarf1), and to investigate the genetics of branching in the faba bean. We chose inbred lines IG 12658 (dwarf, carrying dwf1) and Rinrei (semi-dwarf, carrying dwarf1) along with Aurora/2 and IG 114476 as sources of non-dwarf faba bean genotypes and crossed them (Aurora/2 × IG 12658, IG 114476 × IG 12658, Rinrei × IG 12658, IG 114476 × Rinrei, and Rinrei × Aurora/2). IG 114476 was also used as a genetic source of a highly branching phenotype and crossed with IG 12658, Rinrei, and Aurora/2 to study the genetics of branching. Parental lines, F1s, and F2 populations were evaluated under growth chamber and field conditions in 2018. The segregating F2 populations were tested for 3:1 single recessive gene inheritance using Chi-square tests. Both dwarfing/semi-dwarfing genes fit 3:1 recessive, and 15:1 for double recessive. Rinrei was not a true dwarf, and the gene creating the dwarf appearance reduced the initial growth rate, but this corrected over time. Multiple F2 populations were also tested for a 3:1 single dominant gene hypothesis for highly branched phenotypes. These populations showed a bell-shaped phenotypic distribution for branch number, with no discernable classes, and revealed that branching was likely quantitatively controlled. In conclusion, dwarfism and branching in faba bean were controlled qualitatively and quantitatively, respectively.
How Film Mulch Increases the Corn Yield by Improving the Soil Moisture and Temperature in the Early Growing Period in a Cool, Semi-Arid Area
Authors: Kong Meng , Jia Yu , Gu Yan-Jie , Han Cheng-Long , Song Xin , Shi Xiao-Yan , Siddique Kadambot H.M. , Zdruli Pandi , Zhang Feng , Li Feng-Min
Published: August 2020

Film mulch increases the crop grain yield via topsoil moisture and temperature improvement in cool, semi-arid areas, but little is known about the role of the hydrological and thermic relationship between early and later crop growth seasons in the improving grain yield. We conducted a field experiment to compare polyethylene film mulching (PM) with no mulching (CK) in 2014 and 2015 on the semi-arid Loess Plateau of China. Compared to CK, PM decreased evapotranspiration before the twelve-leaf stage (V12), but increased evapotranspiration after the V12 stage, and significantly increased the topsoil temperature before the six-leaf stage (V6) and the accumulation of soil growing degree days. Corn plants with PM treatment reached the V6 stage earlier, significantly enhancing the contemporary dry matter accumulation. The harvest index, 100-grain weight, and grain yield significantly increased in PM relative to CK in both years. The growing period to the whole growing season evapotranspiration ratio had a negative correlation with the grain yield before the V12 stage, but a positive correlation after the V12 stage. The grain yield had a negative correlation with the air growing degree days (GDDair) before the V6 stage, but positive correlation from silking to harvest. Conclusively, film mulch promoted the early development of maize via an increased soil temperature before the V6 stage, saved soil water before the V12 stage, resulted in a longer grain-filling period, and increased the GDDair and evapotranspiration during the grain-filling period, which is key to increasing the maize yield.
Effective Treatment for Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections with Oral Fosfomycin, Single Center Four Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Fajfr Miroslav , Balik Michal , Cermakova Eva , Bostik Pavel
Published: August 2020

Fosfomycin represents a relatively old antibiotic, but it is experiencing a comeback in recent years. According to some studies, the increasing therapeutic use of this drug led to a rapid increase in the levels of resistance in bacteria causing urinary tract infection. In the presented study, levels of resistance to fosfomycin in more than 3500 bacterial isolates before and after fosfomycin introduction into therapeutic use in the Czech Republic and the clinical efficacy of treatment in 300 patients using this drug were assessed. The results show that the resistance levels to fosfomycin in Escherichia coli isolates before and after the drug registration were not significantly different (3.4% and 4.4%, respectively). In some other Gram-negative rods, such as otherwise susceptible Enterobacter, resistance to fosfomycin increased significantly from 45.6% to 76.6%. Fosfomycin treatment of urinary tract infections showed an excellent seven-day clinical efficacy (79.7%). However, when used to treat recurrent or complicated urinary tract infections, fosfomycin treatment was associated with high levels of infection relapse, leading to relapse in a total of 20.4% of patients during the first two months. This indicates that fosfomycin exhibits good efficacy only for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections
A Trypsin Inhibitor from Moringa oleifera Flowers Modulates the Immune Response In Vitro of Trypanosoma cruzi-Infected Human Cells
Authors: Nova Isabella Coimbra Vila , Moreira Leyllane Rafael , Torres Diego José Lira , Oliveira Kamila Kássia dos Santos , Patriota Leydianne Leite de Siqueira , Coelho Luana Cassandra Breitenbach Barroso , Paiva Patrícia Maria Guedes , Napoleão Thiago Henrique , Lorena Virgínia Maria Barros de , Pontual Emmanuel Viana
Published: August 2020

Trypanosoma cruzi causes the lethal Chagas disease, which is endemic in Latin America. Flowers of Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) express a trypsin inhibitor (MoFTI) whose toxicity to T. cruzi trypomastigotes was previously reported. Here, we studied the effects of MoFTI on the viability of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as well as on the production of cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) by T. cruzi-infected PBMCs. Incubation with MoFTI (trypsin inhibitory activity: 62 U/mg) led to lysis of trypomastigotes (LC50 of 43.5 µg/mL) but did not affect the viability of PBMCs when tested at concentrations up to 500 µg/mL. A selectivity index > 11.48 was determined. When T. cruzi-infected PBMCs were treated with MoFTI (43.5 or 87.0 µg/mL), the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and INF-γ, as well as of NO, was stimulated. The release of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 also increased. In conclusion, the toxicity to T. cruzi and the production of IL-10 by infected PBMCs treated with MoFTI suggest that this molecule may be able to control parasitemia while regulating the inflammation, preventing the progress of Chagas disease. The data reported here stimulate future investigations concerning the in vivo effects of MoFTI on immune response in Chagas disease.
In Vitro Activities of Colistin and Sitafloxacin Combinations against Multidrug-, Carbapenem-, and Colistin-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Using the Broth Microdilution Checkerboard and Time-Kill Methods
Authors: Rodjun Vipavee , Houngsaitong Jantana , Montakantikul Preecha , Paiboonvong Taniya , Khuntayaporn Piyatip , Yanyongchaikit Pattareeya , Sriyant Pusana
Published: August 2020

Drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) infections are a critical global problem, with limited treatment choices. This study aims to determine the in vitro activities of colistin–sitafloxacin combinations against multidrug-, carbapenem- and colistin-resistant A. baumannii (MDR-AB, CRAB, CoR-AB, respectively) clinical isolates from tertiary care hospitals. We used the broth microdilution checkerboard and time-kill methods in this study. Synergy was found using both methods. The colistin–sitafloxacin combination showed synergy in MDR-AB, CRAB, and CoR-AB isolates (3.4%, 3.1%, and 20.9%, respectively). No antagonism was found in any type of drug-resistant isolate. The majority of CoR-AB isolates became susceptible to colistin (95.4%). The time-kill method also showed that this combination could suppress regrowth back to the initial inocula of all representative isolates. Our results demonstrated that the colistin–sitafloxacin combination might be an interesting option for the treatment of drug-resistant A. baumannii. However, further in vivo and clinical studies are required.
Condition Monitoring of Industrial Equipment Based on Multi-Variables State Estimate Technique
Authors: Long Dongteng , Zheng Heng , Hong Feng
Published: August 2020

Unexpected failures commonly occur in industrial equipment, and condition monitoring could significantly improve the efficiency of maintenance and failure of early alarm. A condition monitoring method using multi-variables state estimate technique (MSET) is proposed, and an improved multi-variables memory matrix construction method is employed, furthermore, an analysis of comprehensive similarity index that considering variable weights is accomplished, and incipient failure alarm thresholds are determined, which lead to effective early detection of failure. The method proposed in this paper is validated using actual data for blower fan in a thermal power plant, and the simulation and comparison results are discussed. The verification results reveal that the proposed method is effective for failure monitoring modeling and achieve a superior accuracy, and incipient failure could be accurately detected.
Outdoor Testing to Compare the Technical and Economic Aspects of Single-and Dual-Fluid Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) Systems
Authors: Hussain Muhammad Imtiaz , Kim Jun-Tae
Published: August 2020

Integration of a dual-fluid heat exchanger with a photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system has become increasingly important because it not only significantly reduces the photovoltaic (PV) solar cells’ temperature but also produces additional thermal energy. In this study, energy, exergy, and economic analyses of a dual-fluid (water/air) PV/T system are performed in comparison with a reference PV module and single-fluid PV/T systems for the climate of Cheonan, South Korea. Daily and yearly performance evaluations of all of the aforementioned PV/T systems were carried out through experimentation. Based on the experimental findings, the economic feasibility of the dual-fluid PV/T system is assessed in the context of its financial benefits over both a shorter and longer period of time. Results show that the energy and exergy efficiencies of the dual-fluid PV/T system are significantly higher than those of single-fluid PV/T systems, by 20% and 11%, respectively. In addition, relevant to local domestic electricity price, the cost of energy is reduced by 80%, 60%, and 45% with the dual-fluid PV/T system and water and air type PV/T systems, respectively. Furthermore, using the dual-fluid PV/T system, extra revenue is generated through carbon credit by mitigating CO2 emissions into the atmosphere.
Stochastic Extreme Wind Speed Modeling and Bayes Estimation under the Inverse Rayleigh Distribution
Authors: Chiodo Elio , Noia Luigi Pio Di
Published: August 2020

Inverse Rayleigh probability distribution is shown in this paper to constitute a valid model for characterization and estimation of extreme values of wind speed, thus constituting a useful tool of wind power production evaluation and mechanical safety of installations. The first part of this paper illustrates such a model and its validity to interpret real wind speed field data. The inverse Rayleigh model is then adopted as the parent distribution for assessment of a dynamical “risk index” defined in terms of a stochastic Poisson process, based upon crossing a given value with part of the maximum value of wind speed on a certain time horizon. Then, a novel Bayes approach for the estimation of such an index under the above model is proposed. The method is based upon assessment of prior information in a novel way which should be easily feasible for a system engineer, being based upon a model quantile (e.g., the median value) or, alternatively, on the probability that the wind speed is greater than a given value. The results of a large set of numerical simulation—based upon typical values of wind-speed parameters—are reported to illustrate the efficiency and the precision of the proposed method, also with hints to its robustness. The validity of the approach is also verified with respect to the two different methods of assessing the prior information.
On Modeling and Simulation of Resource Allocation Policies in Cloud Computing Using Colored Petri Nets
Authors: Souravlas Stavros , Katsavounis Stefanos , Anastasiadou Sofia
Published: August 2020

The Petri net (PN) formalism is a suitable tool for modeling parallel systems due to its basic characteristics, such as synchronization. The extension of PN, the Colored Petri Nets (CPN) allows the incorporation of more details of the real system into the model (for example, contention for shared resources). The CPNs have been widely used in a variety of fields to produce suitable models. One of their biggest strengths is that their overall philosophy is quite similar to the philosophy of the object-oriented paradigm. In this regard, the CPN models can be used to implement simulators in a rather straightforward way. In this paper, the CPN framework is employed to implement a new resource allocation simulator, which is used to verify the performance of our previous work, where we proposed a fair resource allocation scheme with flow control and maximum utilization of the system’s resources.
Numerical Simulation of the Oil Droplet Size Distribution Considering Coalescence and Breakup in Aero-Engine Bearing Chamber
Authors: Wang Fei , Wang Lin , Chen Guoding , Zhu Donglei
Published: August 2020

In order to improve the inadequacy of the current research on oil droplet size distribution in aero-engine bearing chamber, the influence of oil droplet size distribution with the oil droplets coalescence and breakup is analyzed by using the computational fluid dynamics-population balance model (CFD-PBM). The Euler–Euler equation and population balance equation are solved in Fluent software. The distribution of the gas phase velocity field and the volume fraction of different oil droplet diameter at different time are obtained in the bearing chamber. Then, the influence of different initial oil droplet diameter, air, and oil mass flow on oil droplet size distribution is discussed. The result of numerical analysis is compared with the experiment in the literature to verify the feasibility and validity. The main results provide the following conclusions. At the initial stage, the coalescence of oil droplets plays a dominant role. Then, the breakup of larger diameter oil droplet appears. Finally, the oil droplet size distribution tends to be stable. The coalescence and breakup of oil droplet increases with the initial diameter of oil droplet and the air mass flow increasing, and the oil droplet size distribution changes significantly. With the oil mass flow increasing, the coalescence and breakup of oil droplet has little change and the variation of oil droplet size distribution is not obvious.
Microgrid Cyber-Security: Review and Challenges toward Resilience
Authors: Canaan Bushra , Colicchio Bruno , Ould Abdeslam Djaffar
Published: August 2020

The importance of looking into microgrid security is getting more crucial due to the cyber vulnerabilities introduced by digitalization and the increasing dependency on information and communication technology (ICT) systems. Especially with a current academic unanimity on the incremental significance of the microgrid’s role in building the future smart grid, this article addresses the existing approaches attending to cyber-physical security in power systems from a microgrid-oriented perspective. First, we start with a brief descriptive review of the most commonly used terms in the latest relevant literature, followed by a comprehensive presentation of the recent efforts explored in a manner that helps the reader to choose the appropriate future research direction among several fields.
Effects of Biochar and Clinoptilolite on Composition and Gaseous Emissions during the Storage of Separated Liquid Fraction of Pig Slurry
Authors: Pereira José L. S. , Figueiredo Vitor , Pinto António F. M. A. , Silva Maria E. F. , Brás Isabel , Perdigão Adelaide , Wessel Dulcineia F.
Published: August 2020

The storage of animal manure is a major source of gaseous emissions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of biochar and clinoptilolite on the composition and gaseous emissions during the storage of separated liquid fraction of pig slurry. The experiment was carried out using containers with 6 L of pig slurry each. The additives biochar and clinoptilolite were added alone and mixed to the pig slurry at a rate of 2.5% each, in a total of four treatments with three replicates including the control. Gaseous emissions were monitored by a photoacoustic multigas monitor, and slurry samples were collected at 0 and 85 days and their composition assessed. Results showed that the addition of biochar could modify the physicochemical properties of the slurry. The addition of biochar did not reduce the E. coli during the experiment while clinoptilolite decreased its prevalence. The addition of biochar or clinoptilolite reduced significantly the NH3 emission during the storage of slurry, but no advantages were gained with their combination. The addition of biochar significantly reduced the CO2 and CH4 emissions relative to clinoptilolite, however N2O emissions and global warming potential did not differ among the additives. We conclude that the biochar and clinoptilolite are recommended as a mitigation measure to reduce gaseous emissions and preserve the fertiliser value at slurry storage.
Isomass and Probability Maps of Ash Fallout Due to Vulcanian Eruptions at Tungurahua Volcano (Ecuador) Deduced from Historical Forecasting
Authors: Parra René , Cadena Eliana , Paz Joselyne , Medina Diana
Published: August 2020

Since April of 2015, the ash dispersion and ash fallout due to Vulcanian eruptions at Tungurahua, one of the most active volcanoes in Ecuador, have been forecasted daily. For this purpose, our forecasting system uses the meteorological Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) and the FALL3D models. Previously, and based on field data, laboratory, and numerical studies, corresponding eruption source parameters (ESP) have been defined. We analyzed the historically forecasted results of the ash fallout quantities over four years (April 2015 to March 2019), in order to obtain the average isomass and probability maps for three-month periods: February–March–April (FMA), May–June–July (MJJ), August–September–October (ASO), and November–December–January (NDJ). Our results indicate similar ash fallout shapes during MJJ and ASO, with a clear and defined tendency toward the west of the volcano; this tendency is less defined during NDJ and FMA. The proximal region west of the volcano (about 100 km to the west) has the highest probability (>70%) of being affected by ash fallout. The distant region to the west (more than 100 km west) presented low to medium probabilities (10%–70%) of ash fallout. The cities of Guaranda (W, 60% to 90%), Riobamba (SW, 70%), and Ambato (NW, 50% to 60%) have the highest probabilities of being affected by ash fallout. Among the large Ecuadorian cities, Guayaquil (SW, 10% to 30%) has low probability, and Quito (N, ≤5%) and Cuenca (SSE, <5%) have very low probabilities of being affected by ash fallout. High ash clouds can move in different directions, compared to wind transport near the surface. Therefore, it is possible to detect ash clouds by remote sensing which, in Ecuador, is limited to the layers over the meteorological clouds, which move in a different direction than low wind; the latter produces ash fallout over regions in different directions compared to the detected ash clouds. In addition to the isomass/probability maps and detected ash clouds, forecasting is permanently required in Ecuador.
Influence of Bone Definition and Finite Element Parameters in Bone and Dental Implants Stress: A Literature Review
Authors: Prados-Privado María , Martínez-Martínez Carlos , Gehrke Sergio A. , Prados-Frutos Juan Carlos
Published: August 2020

Bone plays an important role in dental implant treatment success. The goal of this literature review is to analyze the influence of bone definition and finite element parameters on stress in dental implants and bone in numerical studies. A search was conducted of Pubmed, Science Direct and LILACS, and two independent reviewers performed the data extraction. The quality of the selected studies was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook tool for clinical trials. Seventeen studies were included. Titanium was the most commonly-used material in dental implants. The magnitude of the applied loads varied from 15 to 300 N with a mean of 182 N. Complete osseointegration was the most common boundary condition. Evidence from this review suggests that bone is commonly defined as an isotropic material, despite being an anisotropic tissue, and that it is analyzed as a ductile material, instead of as a fragile material. In addition, and in view of the data analyzed in this review, it can be concluded that there is no standardization for conducting finite element studies in the field of dentistry. Convergence criteria are only detailed in two of the studies included in this review, although they are a key factor in obtaining accurate results in numerical studies. It is therefore necessary to implement a methodology that indicates which parameters a numerical simulation must include, as well as how the results should be analyzed.