bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breakdown Overpressure in 3-D Poroelastic Inclined Borehole
Authors: Chen Shengli , Han Yanhui , Abousleiman Younane
Published: February 2020

The breakdown pressure is a critical parameter for planning well test, surge and swab operations and/or stimulation jobs. To predict breakdown pressure, the fluid injection volume, formation permeability as well as the time dependency of fluid pressure build-up inside the well, are some of the parameters needed to consider. In this paper, the breakdown pressure from a finite-length interval in an inclined wellbore is solved in the framework of the coupled theory of poroelasticity. The in-situ stresses are transformed into a local borehole coordinate system as the far-field boundary conditions. The finite length packed interval is subjected to an injection fluid volume coupled with the applied in-situ stresses. A dual Laplace-Fourier transform technique is used to obtain time-dependent stresses and formation pressure build-up. To more realistically reflect the fluid pumping conditions involved in the field stimulation of hydraulic fracturing, a ramp-type flux loading boundary condition at the borehole wall is adopted, and the stresses and fluid pore pressure at the wellbore wall and in the formation are calculated. Numerical analyses carried out for the most common wellbore setting in fracturing operations, i.e., horizontal wells, show that both "fracturing stress" – in this case, the tangential stress – and pore pressure increase as time progresses and/or injection interval length decreases. It becomes clearly necessary to consider the impacts of the ratio of the packed interval length to wellbore radius, fluid pumping conditions, formation permeability, in adition to the coupled poroelastic effects when estimating in-situ breakdown pressures. The developed solutions can be used to generate the desired engineering charts as a generic, novel, and efficient tool in the interpretation and/or design of well test and hydraulic fracturing jobs for vertical, horizontal and inclined boreholes.
An Automation Engine to Improve Seismic Operations in Exploration
Authors: Almiyad Mohammed , Alhasan Anas
Published: February 2020

One of the challenges faced in the seismic exploration field is the increasing demand for massive digital storage space and High Performance Computing (HPC) resources. Geoscientists require uninterrupted access to these resources in order to submit jobs that process seismic field data. These jobs are typically batched together using one of many off-the-shelf job scheduling solutions available in the market. In many cases, these jobs consume large amounts of space in a short period of time, potentially causing other jobs to be halted or fail. This paper presents a solution that intelligently monitors these jobs and takes actions when needed to mitigate the risk of job failures.

The solution is an automation engine that is designed and developed in-house. The engine integrates with the job scheduler and the High Performance Storage (HPS) systems. It consists of four modules: Monitoring, Data Gathering, Job State Management, and Notifications. The engine monitors the digital storage space consumed by seismic jobs. When predefined utilization thresholds are breached, it collects and analyzes jobs data stored in the job scheduler. Based on the results of the analysis, appropriate actions are performed to prevent job failures, and concerned parties are notified. The paper will explain each module of the automation engine in detail, and how they work together to achieve the goal of the automation engine.

After deploying the automation engine, response time was reduced by more than 80%. The manual, lengthy and cumbersome process to verify and perform required actions is completely automated. This has led to improved accuracy, eliminated human errors, and resulted in better manpower utilization. Moreover, potential job failures due to slow response times is minimized. This proactive approach of monitoring, alerting, and actioning capabilities has allowed users to free up storage space before reaching a critical state that results in costly job failures and wasted CPU hours.

The automation engine provides new functions that complement the job scheduler without compromising performance. While job schedulers are responsible for assigning jobs to available resources, they still need to perform custom health checks before running the jobs, which can be expensive. The automation engine performs these checks and monitors critical pieces of information in order to take actions accordingly.
H2S Lean Loading, the Balance Between Specifications, Corrosion and Actual Performance
Authors: Alberts Lester , Al-Jebali Faris
Published: February 2020

Saudi Aramco guideline is to maintain a minimum H2S in lean amine as part of the Corrosion Monitoring Program, however, the minimum of 300 ppmw is not always achievable. Gas Operations Technical Support initiated a study to identify the reason for deviations between the guideline and field measurements, finding feed gas H2S/CO2 ratio, Gas Treat unit design, design basis, analytical procedures, and amine type were factors. The findings will be discussed along with examples when low residual H2S is beneficial or detrimental.

The importance of residual H2S in lean amine is that the H2S in the sweet gas or partial pressure is related to the residual H2S in lean amine, with the H2S in sweet gas increasing with increasing lean amine temperatures or residual H2S in lean amine. Lower residual H2S allows operating at higher lean amine temperatures or lower pressures, but can negatively impact corrosion.

Typical control parameters are the lean amine temperature, lean amine flow, regenerator overhead temperature or steam flowrate/gpm amine. Lean amine temperature is significantly impacted by the ambient temperature in Saudi Arabia that reaches 49°C (120°F) during summer, especially for gas treatment units operating with ambient cooling. Regenerator overhead temperatures or steam flow were reduced in a number of plants, to increase the residual H2S in lean amine without significant increases, before causing H2S breakthrough to the sweet gas.
Methods to Establish Energy Performance Targets in a Gas Plant
Authors: Abbas Muhammad
Published: February 2020

Various types of energy Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are used to measure the energy efficiency performance of gas processing facilities. Establishing the appropriate energy KPI targets - long term and short term - is far more challenging than defining the KPIs itself. The objective of this paper is to discuss some practical approaches, based on author's industry experience, to establish energy KPIs’ targets. The associated formulations have also been discussed for easy implementation.

Subsequent to defining the energy KPIs, performance targets are required to be established to drive the energy efficiency actions. There are multiple ways to identify the energy KPI targets; some employ simplistic approaches while others involve more complex analysis and formulations. This paper describes three energy KPI targeting methodologies that employ distinct basis: (1) organization's past best demonstrated performance (2) industry surveys and benchmarks, and (3) known energy improvement potential or projects.

The paper discusses detailed implementation steps for each of the three targeting methodologies. Field data and examples have been used to demonstrate the application of the approaches. A discussion of pros and cons has also been covered for each method. The analysis reflects that the method of utilizing historical data to develop regression-based equations, and forecasting future energy consumption is the best way to establish energy performance targets. The second method involving industry benchmarking can only be useful if the gap analysis is performed using normalized performance indices. This method involves more rigorous data mining and is relatively complex to comprehend. The industry benchmarking can be applied to identify design efficiency improvements as well as operational energy optimization opportunities. The third method of energy performance targeting takes into account the known energy efficiency improvement potential existing within an organization. The method requires calculation of base energy consumption before applying the projected savings from planned energy efficiency initiatives to determine the forecasted energy demand.

Despite extensive efforts by oil and gas industry to improve energy efficiency performance, there is not much literature available on the subject area covered in this paper. The author recognized the need for sharing his experience for the benefit of industry.
Application of Concurrent Full Waveform Inversion for Elastic Properties Using Rayleigh and Body Waves in Data from the Arid 2D Land Model
Authors: Ren Li , Zhang Houzhu , Liang Hong , Liu Hongwei , McMechan George
Published: February 2020

In areas of complicated near-surface structures, estimation of an accurate near-surface velocity is challenging and this usually results in a distorted image of deeper targets. Surface waves have strong energy and decay exponentially with the depth, but they usually have high signal-to-noise ratios. Surface waves are strongly depending on S-wave velocities and also include information of P-wave velocity, density and attenuation of both P- and S-waves. Conventional inversion based on dispersion curves can only produce 1D S-wave velocity model. Full waveform inversion of surface waves breaks this limitation and can provide 2D or 3D high resolution near surface S-wave velocity, and reasonable P-wave velocity and density as well. Envelope of seismogram contains effective lower frequencies information which usually is not available in the seismogram. Combined with a multi-frequency strategy, cascadeded inversion of envelope-based and waveform-based misfit functions of both Rayleigh and body waves can reduce cycle skipping for FWI and estimate models with high resolution. This is due to the broader frequency bandwidth and composite contributions from Rayleigh waves and body waves. We test this method on the Arid 2D model, a typical near surface structure designed to include challenges in land seismic processing. Due to the high sensitivity to S-wave velocity and strong energy of Rayleigh waves, concurrent FWI of Rayleigh and body waves using cascaded envelope and waveform inversion produces S-wave velocity model with highest resolution. The resolution of P-wave velocity and density is lower than that of S-wave velocity. The small low velocity anomalies and faults at very shallow depths in the P- and S-wave velocity models are clearly defined. The low velocity structures at greater depths are better inverted in the S-wave velocity than in the P-wave velocity.
Electro-Kinetic Induced Wettability Alteration for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Carbonates
Authors: Alghamdi Amani , Ayirala Subhash , Alotaibi Mohammed , Alyousef Ali
Published: February 2020

SmartWater and alkali/surfactant assisted chemical flooding processes are gaining some attention for enhanced oil recovery in carbonate reservoirs. The wettability alteration toward water-wet conditions caused by electro-kinetic induced favorable surface charge alteration is one main mechanism responsible for oil recovery in these methods. In this experimental investigation, the impact of electro-kinetic induced wettability alteration in carbonates was studied by measuring zeta potentials at calcite/brine and crude oil/brine interfaces using phase analysis light scattering technique. Two types of alkalis (NaOH and Na2CO3) were used at a dilute concentration of 0.1 wt%. Four different low salinity water recipes representing SmartWater (10-times reduced ionic strength high salinity brine), NaCl, Na2SO4, and MgSO4 brines were chosen at a fixed salinity. The results showed that alkali can increase the magnitude of zeta potentials at both interfaces towards more negative for Na2SO4 brine. Only a slight increase in negative zeta potentials was observed with NaCl brine. Na2CO3 effects on the zeta potential of calcite is found to be more pronounced when compared to NaOH due to the availability of carbonate ions as potential determining ions. In contrast, NaOH showed an improved effect on the zeta potentials of crude oil as NaOH is a stronger alkali to favorably result in the dissociation of the acids from crude oil. These results indicate that Na2SO4 brine is better suited with alkali whereas NaCl brine and SmartWater can synergistically combine with anionic surfactant to electrokinetically induce wettability alteration in carbonates. This work for the first time evaluated electro- kinetic induced wettability alteration effects in chemical flooding processes by measuring zeta potentials at calcite/brine and oil/brine interfaces. The new knowledge gained from this electro-kinetic study will provide useful practical guidelines on how to select right water chemistries for waterflooding and chemical enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes in carbonate reservoirs.
Case Study: Using Machine Learning and Ultra-Deep-Reading Resistivity for Better Reservoir Delineation
Authors: Wu Hsu-Hsiang Mark , Walmsley Arthur , Pan Li , Dong Weixin , Bittar Michael , Gear Steve
Published: February 2020

Understanding reservoir fluid and facies distribution is crucial for optimal reservoir development. Ultra-deep, logging-while-drilling (LWD) resistivity measurements with a deep detection range into the formation have started a new chapter of formation evaluation. A hybrid inversion of statistical and deterministic approaches based on ultra-deep measurements has successfully determined formation resistivity profiles more than 100 ft away from drilled wellbores, providing proactive geosteering information for real-time well-placement decisions. However, the inversion sometimes produces artificial geological features because of so-called solution ambiguities attributable to lower measurement sensitivity in certain formation resistivity contrasts and reservoir geometries. Previously, geosteering geologists were trained to recognize such unrealistic geological structures based on multiple sources of information, rather than just the ultra-deep resistivity inversion results.

This paper introduces machine-learning (ML) algorithms to evaluate the sensitivity of individual measurements, as well as to cluster the inverted models to acquire more geologically reasonable models of the surrounding formations. A case study shows significant improvement as a result of the ML algorithm in the structural consistency of the reservoirs. The boundaries were better determined with fine details using the ML algorithm, as compared to results from existing algorithms. The enhanced answer product enabled a better understanding of the formation properties surrounding the wellbore and retrieved several fine features that were not observed previously.
Acid Stimulation Improvement with the use of New Particulate Base Diverter to Improve Zonal Coverage in HPHT Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Moid Farrukh , Rodoplu Rasim , Nutaifi Abdulrahman M. , Kayumov Rifat
Published: February 2020

A novel technique in acid stimulation to attain uniform and effective coverage described in this paper has been adopted to treat large multiple carbonate intervals simultaneously. This technique has been proven to improve efficiency, increase recovery, and sustain production rate. Zones Z1, Z2, and Z3 of gas bearing are targets to be produced comingled in a well. Z2 is capable to produce without stimulation while Z3 is a thick dolomite with perforation interval up to 100+ ft., and Z1 is relatively thin and exhibits tight dolomite lithology. Both matrix acidizing and acid fracturing were developed to treat Z3, but the main challenge was to overcome high permeability contrast in the long interval thereby equally stimulate the entire net pay interval. The acid stimulation method implemented has proven successful providing longer acid penetration, better etching, higher gas production, and better operating efficiency.

Efficient diversion was a key for successful stimulation of Z3. The fiber-based particulate diverter has been utilized in bullhead stimulation treatments to improve zone coverage. The new diversion material comprises of a customized blend of degradable fibers and multimodal particles, designed to provide an effective isolation plug at the perforation as well as at face of the reservoir inside the fracture in a consistent manner, thereby allowing new zones to be stimulated and increase penetration distance. The diversion materials providing such temporary isolation degrades within hours after the treatment. This new diverter has been used for matrix acidizing in wells.

Many conclusions can be made by analyzing the acidizing experience in this field. The new composite diverter improves the diversion process in spite of the smaller volume of diversion material used compared to treatments with only fiber-based diverter. Although the new particulate diverter was initially developed for acid fracturing applications, experience shows its excellent effectiveness in high-rate matrix acidizing treatments.
Corrosion Inhibition Treatment to Extend Electrical Submersible Pump Run Times
Authors: Ramachandran Sunder , Liu Zhengwei , Tsague Thierry
Published: February 2020

Cable failure and corrosion are two important modes of failure for electrical submersible pumps (ESP) especially for ESP working in high temperature, high shear, and saline environments with carbon dioxide . About 5 % of pump failures are attributed due to corrosion . High total dissolved solids (TDS) in the well fluid create conductive and corrosive conditions that can "lead to tubular and structural pitting, scattered pitting and crevice corrosion as often is seen in pulled equipment" . In Algeria, the majority of problems with ESP systems relate to salt deposition, corrosion, and the quality of dilution water. Electrical failures are among the main source of failure in high TDS, H2S environments. In this manuscript, the development and implementation of corrosion inhibitor treatments to prevent two forms of corrosion issues. One form of corrosion is inside of production tubulars under high temperature, high shear saline environments with carbon dioxide. The other form of corrosion issues is outside of production tubulars on external tubing walls and ESP cables armours under high temperature high pressure and possibly oxygen contaminated CO2 environment.

The brines used in this work .

For internal corrosion on tubings and ESP parts, corrosion tests were done using a high temperature small autoclave test and jet impingement. The small autoclave test setup allows measurement of corrosion rate using linear polarization resistance (LPR) method with a three electrode system where the counter and reference electrodes are Hastelloy C276 .
Understanding Fluid Displacement in Extended-Reach Drilled Wells
Authors: Yerubandi Krishna Babu , Hennessy Kathryn , Jogdand Anoop
Published: February 2020

This paper explores the fluid displacement of extended-reach drilled (ERD) wells in relation to density hierarchy. Historically, less emphasis has been placed on the proper density hierarchy for the fluid train in ERD wells because the wells are horizontal. Through sensitivity analysis, the significance of fluid density differences is demonstrated.

Fluid displacement in ERD wells is different from conventional wells. Various factors influence fluid displacement in primary cementing, including rheology and density differences between fluids. Rheological differences affect fluid displacement by changing the fluid velocity profile in the mixed zone, whereas density differences affect fluid displacement through additional gravitational force on the fluids. Gravity does not affect the way rheological differences impact the fluid profiles. Unlike rheological differences, the direction of gravitational forces with reference to the flow direction is perpendicular for an ERD well compared to a conventional well (vertical or deviated); thus, the resulting flow pattern exclusively resulting from density differences is not similar between the two well configurations.

A new finite-volume-based three-dimensional (3D) displacement model was used to understand the effect of the key characteristic (density) of fluid displacement in ERD wells. The model is capable of accurately capturing the rheological behavior of the fluids using a best-fit rheological model and features time-dependent fluid evolution in both the pipe and annulus under the influence of pipe rotation and reciprocation. This work presents a comprehensive sensitivity analysis for the effects of density differences between successive fluids in ERD well configurations and their interaction with other parameters, such as rheology differences, fluid velocities, and pipe movement.

This paper augments the current industry understanding of density hierarchy in ERD well scenarios and also includes case studies comparing predicted cement placement to that of cement bond logs (CBLs) in ERD wells.
Prospects for the development of legal regulation of the crypto currency market in Russia
Authors: Larina O. I.
Published: February 2020

An accomplished fact is the development of the cryptocurrency market, including in Russia. At the same time, the Russian legal regulation mechanism has not yet been formed, and the existing draft law on the circulation of digital financial assets has not yet been agreed. Growing demand for cryptocurrencies from investors carries systemic risks, as well as threats of using digital financial assets for illegal purposes. In this regard, regulators in different countries are forced to take measures to legislate the circulation of such assets. At the same time, such measures can be quite different: from simply informing subjects about possible risks to the adoption of detailed laws establishing the rules for the circulation of such assets, the rights and obligations of subjects. At the same time, country approaches not only to regulation, but also to the definition of the essence of cryptocurrencies (money, assets, rights) differ greatly.

The purpose of the article is to form recommendations on possible development of directions of Russian regulation of the cryptocurrency market. International approaches to the regulation of digital currencies, the practice and features of their application, as well as the proposed legal norms of the Russian bill on the use of digital financial assets in civil circulation have been analyzed in the article. As the research methodology, legal and comparative analysis of Russian and foreign practice has been used. Recommendations for making amendments to the current financial legislation and emerging digital legislation have been given. According to the author, the development of the cryptocurrency market in Russia in the near future will be influenced by the following facts: the adoption of digital legislation, international experience and practice of using cryptocurrencies, technological changes.
Car in the modern world
Authors: Sakulyeva T. N.
Published: February 2020

Car stands idle in the parking lot for most of its “life”. Natural solution is to change the form of ownership – one car must serve as many people as possible. Solution to the problem is achieved by the emergence of non-existing technologies. Digital technologies allow us to take a slightly different look at the situation and make possible approaches that have not previously been possible to implement. This study is aimed at the application of different concepts of car use to improve vehicle use efficiency.

Car sharing is the use of the same car by different people. First attempts to implement car sharing were made as early as 1948 in Zurich. However, the concept did not go further. First implementation of car sharing projects occurred only in the 1970s. A new era in car sharing was opened in the 2000s. Success of car sharing was facilitated by high level of urbanization and low incomes, in which buying and maintaining a personal car can be difficult. Car sharing becomes an integral part of the city network. Ride sharing is guaranteed to reduce traffic, help offload roads during rush hours and reduce the harmful environmental impact of car emissions. Ride sourcing in today ‘s world is one of the most recognizable and common forms of mobility. How quickly and successfully digital technologies will be introduced, when using various concepts of car use, the speed of the emergence of truly unmanned vehicles on the street and road network of cities, the presence of a competent information policy, that popularizes the departure from traditional ways of owning a car, and most importantly, increasing public confidence, that after the mass rejection of personal cars, the cost of using services will not increase significantly, defines the role of various forms of car use in the future transport system of the world’s cities.
Accessing Tunable Afterglows from Highly Twisted Organic AIEgens via Effective Through-Space Conjugation
Authors: Zheng Shuyuan , Zhu Tianwen , Wang Yunzhong , Yang Tianjia , Yuan Wang Zhang
Published: February 2020

Nonaromatic, cross-conjugated, and highly twisted luminogens consisting of acylated succinimides demonstrate aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics and tunable multicolor photoluminescence and afterglows in their single crystals. Effective through-space conjugation among different moieties bearing n/π electrons promote the SOC and ISC transitions and lead to diverse emissive clusters with concurrently rigidified conformations, thus allowing readily tunable emissions. Derived from it, the proof of concept application for advanced anti-counterfeiting is illustrated. These results should spur the rational design of novel nonaromatic AIEgens, and moreover advance the understanding of the origin of tunable multicolor afterglows.
H–Abstraction from Dimethyl Sulfide in the Presence of an Excess of Hydroxyl Radicals. A Quantum Chemical Evaluation of Thermochemical and Kinetic Parameters Unveil an Alternative Pathway to Dimethyl Sulfoxide.
Authors: Salta Zoi , Lupi Jacopo , Barone Vincenzo , Ventura Oscar
Published: February 2020

Elucidation of the oxidation mechanism of naturally emitted reduced sulfur compounds, especially dimethyl sulfide, plays a central role in understanding background acid precipitation in the natural environment. Most frequently, theoretical studies of the addition and H-elimination reactions of dimethyl sulfide with hydroxyl radicals are studied considering the presence of oxygen that further reacts with the radicals formed in the initial steps. Although the reaction of intermediate species with additional hydroxyl radicals has been considered as part of the global mechanism of oxidation, few if any attention has been dedicated to the possibility of reactions of the initial radicals with a second •OH molecule. In this work we performed a computational study using quantum-chemical methods, of the mechanism of H-abstraction from dimethyl sulfide under normal atmospheric conditions and in reaction chambers at different O2 partial pressure, including complete absence of oxygen. Additionally, important rate coefficients were computed using canonical and variational transition state theory. The rate coefficient for abstraction affords a 4.72 x 10-12 cm3 molecule1 s-1 value, very close to the most recent experimental one (4.13 x 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1). According to our best results, the initial methyl thiomethyl radical was obtained at -25.2 kcal/mol (experimentally -22.4 kcal/mol), and four important paths were identified on the potential energy surface. From the interplay of thermochemical and kinetic arguments, it was possible to demonstrate that the preferred product of the reaction of dimethyl sulfide with two hydroxyl radicals, is actually dimethyl sulfoxide.
Synthesis, Characterisation and Cytotoxic Activity Evaluation of New Metalsalen Complexes Based on the 1,2-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane Bridge
Authors: Milbeo Pierre , Quintin François , Moulat Laure , Didierjean Claude , Martinez Jean , Bantreil Xavier , Calmès Monique , Lamaty Frédéric
Published: February 2020

Diaminobicyclo[2.2.2]octane was used as starting material for the preparation, in solution or in a ball-mill, of a salen ligand. Five metal salen complexes were prepared in high yield and their cytotoxic activities were evaluated against HCT116 cell lines. Original manganese salen complex displayed the highest activity with a potency 16 fold higher than the one of cisplatin, demonstrating the benefit of the bridging backbone, compared to other salen systems. An alternative preparation route for this complex by mechanochemistry was also performed.
Konstruksi Pengetahuan dan Kesadaran Aktor Untuk Wisata Budaya Berbasis Komunitas (Studi Pada Dusun Wisata Budaya Tlogorejo, Desa Bumiaji, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu)
Authors: Susilo Rachmad K Dwi
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menjelaskan konsep pengetahuan “terkonstruksi” pada pelaku pariwisata berbasis komunitas (community based tourism) dan mendesain Dusun Wisata Budaya Tlogorejo berbasis pengetahuan masyarakat lokal. Sementara itu, target khusus yang akan dicapai  yakni secara teoritis berkontribusi pada pengembangan sosiologi kepariwisataan, sedangkan secara praktis yakni 1). mendorong partisipasi masyarakat lokal dalam kepariwisataan berbasis komunitas, 2). menemukan model pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam bidang kepariwisataan dan 3). menemukan model dusun wisata yang sesuai dengan kultur masyarakat Kota Batu dan  berkelanjutan, dan 4). mengusulkan rekomendasi dan langkah-langkah “eksekusi” untuk realisasikan Dusun Wisata BudayaMetode penelitian untuk mencapai tujuan yakni penelitian PAR (participatory action research) mengingat penelitian tidak hanya bertujuan pada deskripsi fenomena tetapi berkontribusi pada perubahan situasi, peningkatan pengetahuan dan kemampuan para aktor untuk melihat dan mengubah situasi mereka.Hasil penelitian menyatakan konstruksi pengetahuan untuk mendesain dusun wisata dilakukan dengan wawancara dan dua tiga kali FGD untuk semua pelaku wisata. Akibatnya, peneliti mengetahui kondisi pengetahuan aktor yang berkontribusi pada tidak berkembangnya wisata komunitas. Kemudian dengan FGD secara bertahap,  aktor-aktor memperoleh wawasan yang akan memperkuat kesadaran tentang wisata komunitas. Kelebihan penelitian ini yaitu membuka ruang dialog yang lebar untuk semua aktor wisata komunitas.  Sayangnya, penelitian ini belum sampai tahap menginisiasi kegiatan baru dikarenakan kendala kultural dan struktural yang belum teratasi. Kondis kultural yakni rendahnya kemauan aktor-aktor dusun untuk mengembangkan wisata budaya dan structural yakni pemerintah yang mempercayakan eksekusi dusun wisata pada konsultan,  Akibatnya, desain konsep belum bisa dilaksanakan sampai penelitian ini berakhir.
Pola Penyelesaian Konflik Rekognisi Hak Masyarakat Adat Di Kabupaten Sumbawa
Authors: Dianto Dianto
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola penyelesaian konflik rekognisi hak masyarakat adat di Kabupaten Sumbawa dengan metode penelitian empiris dan analisis induktif deduktif  dengan hasil penelitian bahwa  Faktor terjadinya konflik rekognisi hak masyarakat adat di kabupaten sumbawa antara lain Pertama, adanya perbedaan penafsiran tentang Perda Kabupaten Sumbawa Nomor 9 Tahun 2015 Tentang Lembaga Adat Tana Samawa yang substansinya mengatur kesultanan sumbawa sesuai dengan amanat konstitusi pasal 18b (1), sedangkan rekognisi hak masyarakat adat diatur dalam konstitusi pasal 18b (2). Kedua, Kepala Daerah Tidak Melakukan Verifikasi keberdaan masyarakat adat di kabupaten Sumbawa sebagaimana amanat permendagri nomor 52 tahun 2014 Tentang Pedoman Pengakuan dan Perlindungan hak Masyarakat Hukum adat. Dalam penyelesaian konflik rekognisi hak masyarakat adat di kabupaten Sumbawa  dengan cara antara lain, Pertama, Penyatuan Pemahaman Perda Kabupaten Sumbawa Nomor 9 Tahun 2015 Tentang Lembaga Adat Tana Samawa dan kedua, kepala Daerah segera melakukan verifikasi keberdaaan Hak masyarakat adat di kabupaten Sumbawa.
Hubungan Penguatan Modal Sosial, Mitigasi Bencana Banjir dan Peningkatan Produksi Pertanian
Authors: Sudirah Sudirah , Susanto Agus , Sumartono Sumartono , Syukur Muhammad
Published: February 2020

Sudirah. Sejak Orde Baru hingga era reformasi ini pembangunan pedesaan berkelanjutan terus dilakukan salah satunya adalah hubungan antara penguatan modal sosial dan mitigasi bencana banjir, melalui kajian dari perspektif sosiologi dan penyuluhan pembangunan. Penelitian dilakukan di desa Kertawinangun, Soge, dan Ilir, kabupaten Indramayu, Jawa Barat. Pada umumnya musim tanam padi dilakukan pada musim rendeng dan sadon. Namun musim tanam padi di ketiga desa tersebut hanya dapat dilakukan pada musim rendeng. Itupun sering mengalami gagal panen (puso), akibat banjir pada musim hujan dan kekeringan pada musim kemarau. Solusi gagal panen padi tersebut adalah membangun bendung Kali Perawan. Pembangunan bendung perlu modal finansial dan modal sosial. Modal sosial merupakan perekat hubungan sosial masyarakat berupa aspek-aspek: kearifan budaya, tata nilai, gotong royong, kepercayaan, dan jejaring sosial. Penguatan modal sosial difasilitasi Kepala Desa, Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD), dan tokoh-tokoh masyarakat. Metode penelitian ini adalah diskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpalan data melalui observasi, dokumen, dan wawancara terhadap informan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penguatan modal sosial mampu merekatkan hubungan sosial masyarakat, mengatasi mitigasi bencana banjir, dan meningkatkan usaha pertanian, sehingga petani padi sawah menikmati hasil panen 2 sampai 3 kali setahun. Selain itu, dapat melakukan usaha diversifikasi pertanian dengan menanam palawija, usaha pertambakan ikan, dan pembuatan garam, yang akhirnya mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani. Kata Kunci: Modal Sosial, Mitigasi Bencana Banjir, Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Petani
ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSOR FOR BRCA1 GENE AND TAMOXIFEN INTERACTION
Authors: YANIK Suzan , ÖZKAN-ARIKSOYSAL Dilşat , YILMAZ Selehattin
Published: February 2020

The electrochemical nanobiosensor was designed for the determination of specific DNA sequences related to breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) gene and interaction between Anticancer Drug Tamoxifen (TAM) and related DNA sequences by using pencil graphite electrode (PGE), bare and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) contained screen printed carbon electrodes (SPEs) for the first time. Here, biomolecular interaction between TAM and DNA was investigated differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) based on not only guanine signal but also TAM oxidation response. It was obtained that the guanine signal at about +1.00V obtained from probe DNA or hybrid DNA shows a remerkable increase after the interaction with TAM. Additionally, it was found that TAM interact with guanine bases and TAM signal which is near the guanine oxidation area also increase after the interaction with DNA. Consequently, the prepared biosensor offer suitable platform for the analysis of DNA hybridization and TAM-DNA interaction sensitively.
ON GENERALIZED SIXTH-ORDER PELL SEQENCES
Authors: SOYKAN Yüksel
Published: February 2020

In this paper, we investigate the generalized sixth order Pell sequences and we deal with, in detail, three special cases which we call them as sixth order Pell, sixth order Pell-Lucas and modified sixth order Pell sequences.
GROWING POSSIBILITIES OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS IN GREENHOUSES CLIMATIZED BY BIOGAS POTENTIAL IN TEKIRDAĞ REGION
Authors: ÖZOCAK Murat
Published: February 2020

Medicinal and aromatic plants that are generally grown in natural environment and obtained by collection from these natural environments cannot meet the need.In this respect, it is possible to increase the possibility of growing medicinal and aromatic plants by providing the necessary climatic conditions especially with greenhouse systems. In the greenhouse, the highest cost is the provision of air conditioning. In this respect, greenhouse air conditioning system can be provided with renewable energy or waste materials. In this study, information on some medicinal and aromatic plants that can be grown in greenhouses conditioned by biogas which can be produced from wastes of bovine and ovine animal production structures in Tekirdağ region where agriculture and animal husbandry are carried out intensively in our country and waste evaluation can be obtained without being subject to low cost medical and aromatic plants. intended. For this purpose, biogas potential and energy production opportunities of each district of Tekirdağ were determined and medicinal and aromatic plants that can be grown by providing greenhouse air conditioning were determined. As a result of the research, Capers (Capparis spinosa) (Barbera and Lorenzo, 1984), Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) (Ayanoğlu et al., 2016), Poppy (Papaver somniferum linnaeus) (Erdurmuş and Öneş, 1990), Mint (Mentha piperita) (Anonim, 2019), which can be easily provided with biogas production potential in Tekirdağ region and which have high economic returns with demand. Medicinal Sage (Salvia officinalis) (Bağdat, 2008), Gojiberry (Lycium barbarum) (Anonim, 2015a; Anonim 2015b), St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) (Bayram ve ark., 2002), Lemon Balm  (Melissa officinalis) (Anonim,2019)  has been concluded that medicinal and aromatic plants such as can be grown.
Sosyal Girişimciliğin Sürdürülebilirliğini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci Yöntemi ile Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KAÇAROĞLU M. Onur , ORGAN Arzu
Published: February 2020

Girişimcilik kavramı genel olarak ticari faaliyetleri düşündürüyor olsa da, günümüzde bu kavrama geleneksel anlamından farklı bir boyut kazandıran sosyal girişimcilik kavramı ön plana çıkmıştır. Sosyal girişimcilik, kalıcı değişim sağlama amacındadır ve bu yönü ile hayırseverlikten ayrılmaktadır. Kamu kurumları, özel kurumlar ve kişiler çeşitli alanlarda sosyal girişimci sıfatıyla faaliyette bulunabilmektedirler. Yoksullukla mücadele, çevre sorunları, sanatsal ve sportif faaliyetler gibi konularda sosyal girişimcilik örneklerine sıklıkla rastlanabilmektedir. Sosyal girişimcilikte temel amaç sosyal değer yaratıp bunu sürdürülebilir kılmaktır. Bu sürdürülebilirliğin önüne ekonomik, sosyal, yasal veya yapısal bazı engeller çıkabilmektedir. Çalışmada sosyal girişimciliğin önündeki engeller alt faktörleri ile birlikte değerlendirilerek, sosyal girişimciliğin sürdürülebilirliğinin önündeki riskler belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Sosyal girişimciliğin sürdürülmesinde engel olabilecek önemli faktörlerin belirlenmesi için Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHS) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sosyal girişimciliğin sürdürülebilirliği ile ilgili faktörler yönetimle ilgili faktörler, kaynak ve uzmanlıkla ilgili faktörler, devlet desteği ve politikalar ile ilgili faktörler ve paydaşlarla ilgili faktörler olmak üzere dört başlık altında değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda yönetimle ilgili olan faktörlerin ağırlık olarak diğerlerine göre daha yüksek bir değere sahip olduğu saptanmıştır.
SOLUTION OF EQUATIONS OF MOTION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL WATER FLOW
Authors: Kochanenko Viktor , Kelekhsaev Dmitry , Kondratenko Anatolij , Evtushenko Sergey
Published: February 2020

The paper studies a two-dimensional water flow that flows from a non-pressure rectangular or round pipe into a wide horizontal channel. To simplify the problem, the real three-dimensional flow is modeled as a two-dimensional zone by eliminating the velocities and accelerations of liquid particles in the direction perpendicular to the flow zone. To describe the law of motion of the water flow, the equations of L. Euler for the ideal fluid are used, taking into account the continuity equations and the Bernoulli equation. Models of two-dimensional flow in the spreading zone with the degree of adequacy sufficient for practice describe the movement of water flows arising in the lower races of road drainage systems, systems of Liman irrigation, small bridges, channels of volley of water, various culverts and water-crossing facilities. The obtained dependences of the velocity distribution, depth and water flow geometry give an accuracy exceeding that known by the previously used methods both by the velocity values and by the geometry of the boundary current lines.
Utilización de fibra de avena con diferente tamaño de partícula en panificación: efecto reológico y textural
Authors: Cordero Fernández Diana Laura , Granados Nevárez María del Carmen , Islas Rubio Alma Rosa , Verdú Amat Samuel , Ramírez-Wong Benjamín , Vasquez Lara Francisco
Published: February 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la sustitución de harina de trigo (HT) con harina de fibra de avena (HFA) con diferente tamaño de partícula sobre las propiedades reológicas, texturales y de panificación. El tamaño de partícula obtenido después de la molienda de la fibra de avena fue de 250 y 177 µm (micrones). Los porcentajes de sustitución utilizados fueron de 10, 20 ó 30%. A las mezclas de harinas se les determinó color, capacidad de retención de agua (CRA) y perfil de viscosidad. A las masas se les midió fuerza y extensibilidad por la prueba de Kieffer, mientras que al pan se le midió volumen específico, actividad de agua y perfil de textura. Los resultados mostraron incrementos de fuerza en la masa cuando se utilizaron las dos fracciones de HFA (250 o 177 µm) en la sustitución de HT con respeto a la obtenida de HT (0.25 N). En extensibilidad, los incrementos más importantes fueron observados cuando se utilizó HFA de 177 µm. El volumen específico del pan se vio favorecido cuando se utilizó 10 o 20% de HFA (177 µm) observándose valores muy parecidos entre ellos (4.54 y 4.56 cm3 g-1, respectivamente), sin mostrar diferencias significativas al obtenido de HT (4.57 cm3 g-1). El perfil de textura mostró la obtención de panes más blandos cuando se utilizó HFA (177 µm), en sus tres diferentes porcentajes de sustitución (4.86, 4.71 y 7.05 N), incluso mejoró al medido en HT (7.84 N).
Mejorando rasgos biométricos de plántulas de trigo con la inoculación de un consorcio nativo de Bacillus
Authors: Robles Montoya Rosa Icela , Chaparro Encinas Luis Abraham , Parra Cota Fannie Isela , De los Santos Villalobos Sergio
Published: February 2020

Las bacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal (BPCV) representan una alternativa para la disminución del uso de fertilizantes químicos y la mejora del aprovechamiento de estos por los cultivos agrícolas. En el estudio se determinó la capacidad de un consorcio bacteriano nativo del género Bacillus para promover el crecimiento de plántulas de trigo (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) bajo condiciones controladas, a los 30 días después de su inoculación. El consorcio se integró por las cepas TRQ8, TE3T, TRQ65 y TSO9. La identificación molecular (basada en el gen 16S RNAr) de dichas cepas reveló su afiliación taxonómica a Bacillus megaterium TRQ8, B. cabrialesii TE3T, B. paralicheniformis TRQ65 y B. subtilis TSO9. Dichas cepas mostraron la capacidad de sintetizar sideróforos, indoles, y solubilización de fosfatos, así como tolerancia a estrés térmico (43.5 °C), hídrico (PEG 10%) y salino (NaCl 5%). La inoculación (4x107 UFC) de dicho consorcio bacteriano a plántulas de trigo mostró un incremento significativo (comparado con las plántulas no inoculadas) en la longitud de la parte aérea (28%), longitud de raíz (25%), longitud total (28%), diámetro de tallo (46%), circunferencia (50%), peso seco de la parte aérea (72%) y el índice de biovolumen (57%). Lo anterior, evidencia la capacidad promotora del crecimiento vegetal de dicho consorcio bacteriano; por lo cual, el desarrollo de futuros ensayos bajo condiciones de campo es determinante para conocer la factibilidad del diseño de un biofertilizante que contenga las cepas estudio para su uso en la agricultura actual y futura.
Identificación de elementos discriminatorios para caracterizar el Coffea arabica L. empleando componentes principales
Authors: Buendía-Espinoza Julio Cesar , Maldonado-Torres Ranferi , Amador-Atlahua Luisa , Álvarez-Sánchez María Edna
Published: February 2020

La evaluación de la calidad en taza en agrosistemas de Coffea arabica L. es necesaria para generar alternativas que aseguren la calidad y diferenciación del café en Coatepec, Veracruz, México. El presente estudio se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar la calidad física y sensorial de las variedades Typica y Mundo Novo a través del análisis de componentes principales, durante el período 2017-2018, para identificar las variables que se asocian a la calidad en taza de las variedades. Once muestras de café cereza se procesaron con beneficio húmedo para evaluar sus características físicas y sensoriales. Las particularidades físicas fueron evaluadas conforme a las normas internacionales de la Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA). De acuerdo con la prueba t de student, los resultados indican, que no existen diferencias significativas entre variedades respecto a la calidad física definidas por tamaño, forma y defectos del grano. Las propiedades sensoriales se analizaron mediante la técnica de componentes principales. Los resultados muestran que dos de los siete componentes explican 73.67% de variabilidad total. El primero refiere 47.24% y se correlaciona negativamente con las variables sabor, sabor residual, acidez y apreciación global. Mientras que, el segundo explica 26.43% y se correlaciona positivamente con las variables cuerpo y balance. Finalmente, los resultados indican que no hubo diferencias significativas en relación con la calidad física del grano y en taza entre variedades, ya que ambas obtuvieron 80 puntos y se consideran cafés de muy buena calidad.
Diagnóstico del uso del suelo y vegetación en la microcuenca Tula, México
Authors: Zamora Elizalde Mayra Clementina , Buendía Espinoza Julio Cesar , Martínez Hernández Pedro Arturo , García Nuñez Rosa María
Published: February 2020

Los cambios en el uso de suelo y la cobertura vegetal son el componente principal en el deterioro a escala global, regional y local, y han sido documentados como el segundo problema ambiental a nivel global. En México, hay pocas políticas de planificación en el desarrollo territorial de los municipios y una deficiente toma de decisiones en el manejo de los recursos naturales, ejemplo de ello es la microcuenca Tula. El trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo, diagnosticar la situación actual y los cambios en la cobertura y uso de suelo de la microcuenca Tula, México por medio del análisis espacial, para conocer sus principales procesos de cambio, con el propósito de diseñar estrategias que permitan un manejo sustentable de sus recursos naturales. El análisis espacial se realizó, a partir de imágenes satelitales Landsat (1992, 2000 y 2017) mediante sistemas de información geográfica. Para identificar los cambios se aplicaron tabulaciones cruzadas y se estimaron las tasas de cambio. En el periodo analizado (25 años), el área agrícola se incrementó 33% y una pérdida de superficie forestal de 22%. Las tasas de cambio y probabilidad de permanencia indicaron que de continuar con la tendencia actual seguirán incrementándose las áreas agrícolas y los cuerpos de agua, así como el abandono de algunas superficies debido a su baja productividad.