bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Surgical Intervention for Traumatic Injury scale in the pediatric population
Authors: Dornbos David , Monson Christy , CNP  , Look Andrew , Huntoon Kristin , Smith Luke G. F. , Leonard Jeffrey R. , Dhall Sanjay S. , Sribnick Eric A.
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE

While the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) has been effective in describing severity in traumatic brain injury (TBI), there is no current method for communicating the possible need for surgical intervention. This study utilizes a recently developed scoring system, the Surgical Intervention for Traumatic Injury (SITI) scale, which was developed to efficiently communicate the potential need for surgical decompression in adult patients with TBI. The objective of this study was to apply the SITI scale to a pediatric population to provide a tool to increase communication of possible surgical urgency.

METHODS

The SITI scale uses both radiographic and clinical findings, including the GCS score on presentation, pupillary examination, and CT findings. To examine the scale in pediatric TBI, a neurotrauma database at a level 1 pediatric trauma center was retrospectively evaluated, and the SITI score for all patients with an admission diagnosis of TBI between 2010 and 2015 was calculated. The primary endpoint was operative intervention, defined as a craniotomy or craniectomy for decompression, performed within the first 24 hours of admission.

RESULTS

A total of 1524 patients met inclusion criteria for the study during the 5-year span: 1469 (96.4%) were managed nonoperatively and 55 (3.6%) patients underwent emergent operative intervention. The mean SITI score was 4.98 ± 0.31 for patients undergoing surgical intervention and 0.41 ± 0.02 for patients treated nonoperatively (p < 0.0001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was used to examine the diagnostic accuracy of the SITI scale in this pediatric population and was found to be 0.98. Further evaluation of patients presenting with moderate to severe TBI revealed a mean SITI score of 5.51 ± 0.31 in 40 (15.3%) operative patients and 1.55 ± 0.02 in 221 (84.7%) nonoperative patients, with an AUROC curve of 0.95.

CONCLUSIONS

The SITI scale was designed to be a simple, objective communication tool regarding the potential need for surgical decompression after TBI. Application of this scale to a pediatric population reveals that the score correlated with the perceived need for emergent surgical intervention, further suggesting its potential utility in clinical practice.
Clinical predictors of achieving the minimal clinically important difference after surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: an external validation study from the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network
Authors: Evaniew Nathan , Cadotte David W. , Dea Nicolas , Bailey Christopher S. , Christie Sean D. , Fisher Charles G. , Paquet Jerome , Soroceanu Alex , Thomas Kenneth C. , Rampersaud Y. Raja , Manson Neil A. , Johnson Michael , Nataraj Andrew , Hall Hamilton , McIntosh Greg , Jacobs W. Bradley
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE

Recently identified prognostic variables among patients undergoing surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) are limited to two large international data sets. To optimally inform shared clinical decision-making, the authors evaluated which preoperative clinical factors are significantly associated with improvement on the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) scale by at least the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) 12 months after surgery, among patients from the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network (CSORN).

METHODS

The authors performed an observational cohort study with data that were prospectively collected from CSM patients at 7 centers between 2015 and 2017. Candidate variables were tested using univariable and multiple binomial logistic regression, and multiple sensitivity analyses were performed to test assumptions about the nature of the statistical models. Validated mJOA MCIDs were implemented that varied according to baseline CSM severity.

RESULTS

Among 205 patients with CSM, there were 64 (31%) classified as mild, 86 (42%) as moderate, and 55 (27%) as severe. Overall, 52% of patients achieved MCID and the mean change in mJOA score at 12 months after surgery was 1.7 ± 2.6 points (p < 0.01), but the subgroup of patients with mild CSM did not significantly improve (mean change 0.1 ± 1.9 points, p = 0.8). Univariate analyses failed to identify significant associations between achieving MCID and sex, BMI, living status, education, smoking, disability claims, or number of comorbidities. After adjustment for potential confounders, the odds of achieving MCID were significantly reduced with older age (OR 0.7 per decade, 95% CI 0.5–0.9, p < 0.01) and higher baseline mJOA score (OR 0.8 per point, 95% CI 0.7–0.9, p < 0.01). The effects of symptom duration (OR 1.0 per additional month, 95% CI 0.9–1.0, p = 0.2) and smoking (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2–1.0, p = 0.06) were not statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONS

Surgery is effective at halting the progression of functional decline with CSM, and approximately half of all patients achieve the MCID. Data from the CSORN confirmed that older age is independently associated with poorer outcomes, but novel findings include that patients with milder CSM did not experience meaningful improvement, and that symptom duration and smoking were not important. These findings support a nuanced approach to shared decision-making that acknowledges some prognostic uncertainty when weighing the various risks, benefits, and alternatives to surgical treatment.
STRATEGI MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI GURU DALAM MENYUSUN RENCANA PROGRAM PEMBELAJARAN HARIAN MELALUI BIMBINGAN BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Sopiah Yayah
Published: April 2020

Guru merupakan faktor yang paling dominan karena di tangan gurulah keberhasilan pembelajaran dapat dicapai. Kualitas mengajar guru secara langsung maupun tidak langsung dapat mempengaruhi kualitas pembelajaran pada umumnya. Karena itulah diperlukan adanya bimbingan berkelanjutan untuk memastikan kualitas pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan guru sesuai dengan standar yang ditetapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru melalui bimbingan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Taman Kanak-kanak Kusuma Bangsa. Berdasarkan temuan hasil penelitian  diperoleh kesimpulan Bimbingan berkelanjutan dapat meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam menyusun Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Harian. Hal itu dapat dibuktikan  dari hasil observasi /pengamatan yang memperlihatkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan  kompetensi guru dalam menyusun  Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Harian dari siklus ke siklus
PENDEKATAN COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING DALAM VIDEO PROJECT YOUTUBE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Kustini Titin
Published: April 2020

Motivasi belajar terkorelasi erat dengan peningkatan prestasi belajar bahasa Inggris. Karena pentingnya motivasi bagi peningkatan belajar siswa maka perlu terus dicari cara yang dirasakan tepat bagi siswa. Keaktifan siswa dalam menggunakan bahasa Inggris dapat ditingkatkan dengan menggunakan pendekatan Communicative Language Teaching (CLT). Tujuan dari CLT adalah pengajaran kompetensi berbahasa komunikatif. Di samping itu kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan khususnya internet dan teknologi informasi dalam hal ini media sosial termasuk Youtube yang telah menjadi bagian keseharian generasi muda sekarang ini, bisa menjadi alternatif cara meningkatkan motivasi siswa dalam belajar bahasa Inggris. Penugasan membuat video project yang  kemudian  diupload  ke  Youtube  diharapkan  bisa  meningkatkan  motivasi  siswa  belajar bahasa Inggris dan sekaligus merangsang kreatifitas siswa agar tidak hanya menjadi penonton tetapi bisa memetik manfaat dari adanya Youtube. Manfaat pertama yang diharapkan adalah meningkatnya motivasi siswa untuk mempelajari bahasa Inggris ketika video mereka di Youtube ditonton  oleh  banyak  viewers.  Manfaat  kedua  adalah  menumbuhkan  jiwa  wirausaha  siswa dengan menjadikan Youtube sebagai salah satu alternatif yang bisa mendatangkan keuntungan ekonomis. Metode yang digunakan dalam peneliti ini adalah kualitatif. Penelitian kualitatif merupakan upaya untuk memperoleh data berupa deskripsi tentang hal-hal yang diamati. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penugasan video project dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa sehingga meningkatkan prestasi belajar bahasa Inggris namun tidak mampu menjadi salah satu alternatif cara mendatangkan keuntungan ekonomis karena mereka menemui banyak hambatan dalam mencari jumlah viewers yang signifikan terkait kondisi mayoritas siswa yang berasal dari kalangan ekonomi menengah ke bawah
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TGT (TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENTS) DALAM MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Sobandi Sobandi
Published: April 2020

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa Kelas V SDN Wangkelang I pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam.  Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada program pengajaran tahun 2016/2017 di SDN Wangkelang I, dengan subyek penelitian siswa kelas V Semester 1 sebanyak 30 siswa, kondisi kekhususan siswa ini memungkinkan tingkat kemampuan dan daya serap siswa tersebut sangat bervariasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil belajar siswa Kelas V SDN Wangkelang I Kecamatan Banjaran pada kompetensi dasar tentang Mengartikan QS Al Lahab dan Al Kafirun mengalami peningkatan yang cukup signifikan setelah diterapkan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe TGT (Teams Games Tournaments). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe TGT (Teams Games Tournaments) dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa kelas V SDN Wangkelang I.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI PENDEKATAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES
Authors: Bidayah Ii
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini  berawal dari permasalahan yang dirasakan peneliti bahwa selama ini pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar (SD) pada umumnya masih menekankan pada pengembangan aspek kognitif. Siswa dituntut untuk menguasai bahan ajar yang disampaikan oleh guru tanpa diberi kesempatan untuk mengembangan aspek lainnya. Akibat dari gaya belajar seperti ini membuat siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam belajar dan prestasi belajar siswa masih ditentukan oleh penguasaan materi yang disampaikan tanpa memperhatikan aspek lainnya (afektif dan psikomotor). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yaitu suatu tindakan untuk memperbaiki dan meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi dan tes hasil belajar. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dan kuantitatif deskriptif. Peningkatan kinerja guru dalam merancang pembelajaran secara berturut-turut meningkat dari siklus I hingga siklus II, begitu kinerja guru dalam menerapkan pendekatan keterampilan proses sains. Peningkatan tersebut berdampak pula pada peningkatan kemampuan belajar siswa
Psychometric Properties of the Smartphone Addiction Scale – Short Version (SAS-SV) in a Sample of Iranian Adolescents
Authors: Fallahtafti Sadeq , Ghanbaripirkashani Nikzad , Alizadeh Seyed Shahram , Rovoshi Ramin Safiyari
Published: April 2020

Smartphone addiction among adolescents has become a major concern. The present study aims to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian Smartphone Addiction Scale – Short Version (SAS-SV). A sample of 398 adolescents (52% girls and 48% boys) completed the SAS-SV, the Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale (KADS), and the Young Internet Addiction Test (IAT). Factor analysis showed that the Persian SAS-SV consisted of one factor and is a reliable (Cronbach’s α= 0.82) and valid (CFA model fit: RMSEA = 0.7, CFI = .95, AGFI = .92) measure. Strong correlations with depressive symptoms ( r = 0.41) and internet addiction scores ( r = 0.57) were also found. A high prevalence of smartphone addiction in adolescents and the correlation with depression and internet addiction signals that more attention should be given to this issue. The Persian SAS-SV is a valid and reliable scale to be used for Persian speaking samples.
Effect of the magnetic induction on the peristaltic Eyring–Prandtl nanofluid through porous medium
Authors: Eldabe Nabil Tawfik , Moatimid Galal M. , Sayed Aya
Published: April 2020

The manuscript examines the motion of an Eyring–Prandtl nanofluid inside a horizontal asymmetric peristaltic nonuniform channel. A normal variable magnetic field affects the channel. The slip boundary-conditions are taken into consideration. The boundary-value problem involves the energy as well as the concentration equations. The viscous dissipation of the thermal equation is considered. The flow is immersed in a porous medium. The governing equations of motion are solved by means of the Homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The distributions of the various functions are analytically obtained. The influences of the different parameters are authenticated throughout a set of diagrams. It is found that thermal-diffusion (Soret), diffusion-thermo (Dufour), Lorentz resisting force and induced magnetic have active effects on the distributions of the nano-particle; such as, concentration volume, temperature, and flow characteristics.
A new framework for privacy-preserving biometric-based remote user authentication
Authors: Tian Yangguang , Li Yingjiu , Deng Robert H. , Li Nan , Wu Pengfei , Liu Anyi
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we introduce the first general framework for strong privacy-preserving biometric-based remote user authentication based on oblivious RAM (ORAM) protocol and computational fuzzy extractors. We define formal security models for the general framework, and we prove that it can achieve user authenticity and strong privacy. In particular, the general framework ensures that: (1) a strong privacy and a log-linear time-complexity are achieved by using a new tree-based ORAM protocol; (2) a constant bandwidth cost is achieved by exploiting computational fuzzy extractors in the challenge-response phase of remote user authentications.
State primary measurement standard of ultrasound power unit in water GET 169-2019
Authors: Еnyakov Аlexander М. , Kuznetsov Sergey I. , Lukin Georgiy S.
Published: April 2020

Results of works on improvement of the state primary special measurement standard of ultrasound power unit in water GET 169-2005 are given. As a result of the inclusion of two new reference ultrasound power meters in the standard, the frequency and dynamic ranges of reproduction and transmission of the power unit to lower-level measuring instruments were expanded using absorbing targets for measuring the radiation effect of the ultrasonic wave and the absorbed ultrasonic energy. That is very important for metrological support of modern high-tech medical ultrasound equipment, including focused high-intensity ultrasound beams for the treatment of cancer. The automation of the measurement process used in the updated standard has reduced significantly the complexity of verification procedures increasing the accuracy of measurements.
Experimental verification of a mathematical model of a computer effusion decreasing discharge pressure gas density analyzer
Authors: Zhigulin Stanislav Yu. , Iliasov Leonid V.
Published: April 2020

The article presents the results of checking mathematical model of the created decreasing pressure effusion computer gas density analyzer. Operating principle of a decreasing pressure effusion gas density analyzers is based on measuring the outflow time of the analyzed gas certain volume through a microdiaphragm. A generalized scheme of such analyzers and their operation are described in article. Initial equations of the mathematical model, the assumptions and the results of the development of the mathematical model are presented. The created experimental setup for testing the developed mathematical model and its operation also are described. The mathematical model was tested in the course of numerous experiments on this facility for a number of gases. Studies have also been performed to assess the effect of temperature on the measurement result. The results of the mathematical model test are presented in the article. The results of experimental studies were compared with the calculated data obtained on the basis of a mathematical model. As a result, the error of the mathematical model of the decreasing pressure effusion gas density analyzers was determined and conclusions were made about its adequacy and possible further use for designing and calculating decreasing pressure effusion gas density analyzers.
Problems of ensuring metrological traceability of measurement results of indicators of quality for food products and food raw materials
Authors: Medvedevskikh Mariya Y. , Sergeeva Anna S.
Published: April 2020

The article raises the problem of ensuring metrological traceability of the measurement results of indicators of quality and nutritional value for food products and food raw materials: water (moisture), nitrogen (protein, crude protein), fat, ash and carbohydrates. The problem under consideration can be solved by applying reference materials of food composition, traceable to state primary measurement standards GET 173-2017 and GET 176-2019 and primary reference measurement procedures (PRMP), for attestation of measurement procedures and accuracy checking of measurement results. The article discusses the results of the PRMP development of mass fraction of fat, ash and carbohydrates in food products and food raw materials, as well as mass fraction of crude fat (oil content) in oil crops seeds and products based on them. The paper also presents metrological characteristics of reference materials of composition of dry dairy products, grain-milk dry porridges for nutrition of babies, grain dry porridges for nutrition of babies, egg powder, freeze-dried meat products, animal feed. The results of the work allow for building a chain of metrological traceability from GET 173-2017, GET 176-2019 and PRMP to routine measurement procedures, thereby ensuring the uniformity of measurements of nutritional value of food products.
试析水利施工管理中存在的问题及改进措施
Authors: 张 尧 , 晏 宁
Published: April 2020

目前水利工程建设阶段仍存在很多问题需要解决,管理就是其中较为重要的一项,本文对水利工程施工管理中存在的问题进行了分析探讨,并结合笔者自身经验提出相应的改进措施,以提升水利工程质量。
如何做好灌区水利工程运行管理安全工作
Authors: 赵 新萍
Published: April 2020

农业是我国经济发展的重要基石,而农业的健康发展也与农田水利的灌溉有着直接的关系,也是促进农业经济发展的核心内容。所以,做好灌区水利工程运行管理安全工作十分重要,能够为当地农业与经济的可持续发展提供先决条件。本文从当前灌区水利工程运行管理安全工作存在的主要问题进行探究,并提出提升运行管理安全意识、建立安全管理体系、适当增加水利设施建设资金投入等几个方面的措施,希望为相关人士提供参考。
水电厂发电机变压器保护原理及继电保护措施
Authors: 李 阳
Published: April 2020

随着我国当前经济与社会的快速发展,水电厂电力发电工作也在随之不断前进发展。通过了解水电厂发电机变压器保护原理以及合理分析继电保护措施,相关工作人员在一定程度上提高了当前社会的电力设备运行效率。与此同时,我国电力设备运行效率的提升也在一定程度上满足于当前日益增长电力能源的实际需求。
浅谈RTK技术在灌区管理中的应用
Authors: 刘 亚斌
Published: April 2020

随着我国城镇化建设的不断发展,居民用水与农业生产用水的需求量逐年增长,如何提高水利灌区管理能力已经成为有关单位十分重要的研究课题。因此,本文详细介绍了基于RTK技术的新型水利灌区管理策略,并提出了相关技术解决方案。
Імплементація міжнародно-правових норм Ради Європи щодо охорони культурної спадщини у законодавство України
Authors: Mazur T. V.
Published: April 2020

Україна стала членом Ради Європи в 1995 році, взявши на себе зобов’язання дотримуватися основоположних принципів діяльності організації. У сфері культурної політики наша держава активно впроваджує основні положення Ради Європи в національне законодавство.
Метою статті є аналіз основних міжнародно-правових пам’яткоохоронних актів Ради Європи та імплементації їх норм у законодавство України у контексті сучасних викликів і загроз національній культурній спадщині.
Наукова новизна статті полягає в аналізі міжнародно-правових норм Ради Європи щодо захисту культурних цінностей і відповідності національного законодавства України цим нормам, а також тим викликам і загрозам, які постали перед Україною та її культурними цінностями після окупації Росією Криму й початку збройного конфлікту на Донбасі.
Висновки. Україна активно співпрацює з Радою Європи у сфері захисту культурних цінностей та є учасницею основних міжнародних конвенцій, прийнятих цією організацією. Наша держава ратифікувала Європейську культурну конвенцію 1954 р., Конвенцію про охорону архітектурної спадщини Європи 1985 р., Європейську конвенцію про охорону археологічної спадщини (переглянуту) 1992 р., Рамкову конвенцію про захист національних меншин 1995 р., Рамкову Конвенцію Ради Європи про значення культурної спадщини для суспільства 2005 р. тощо.
Водночас українське законодавство потребує подальших змін у зв’язку з розвитком міжнародного права охорони культурної спадщини та з метою протидії руйнуванню, викраденням і знищенню об’єктів культурної спадщини в окупованому Криму та зоні збройного конфлікту на Донбасі. Серед документів Ради Європи у цьому контексті важливою є Конвенція про правопорушення, пов’язані з культурними цінностями 2017 р., яка підписана нашою державою, однак ще не ратифікована. Так само важливими для України є й документи Ради Європи рекомендаційного характеру, положення яких варто враховувати під час внесення змін до національного пам’яткоохоронного законодавства.
Adaptive management approach development of sea ports
Authors: Diachenko O. P. , Gab O. G. , Marchuk P. V.
Published: April 2020

Статтю присвячено опрацюванню процесу розробки відповідних механізмів адаптування системи управління розвитком морських портів. Тенденції, які відбуваються в системі розвитку вітчизняної морської портової інфраструктури, впливають на комплементарний зв’язок між виробничою та організаційною підсистемами управління її підрозділами. Це вимагає створення систем адаптивного управління діяльністю морських портів, враховуючи специфіку розвитку на сучасному етапі національної морської індустрії.
Метою статті є розробка та запровадження адаптивного підходу до управління розвитком морських портів, використання якого підвищить можливість підприємств своєчасно впроваджувати ефективні адаптивні заходи до кризових явищ зовнішнього та внутрішнього бізнес-оточення.
Наукова новизна. Дослідивши ключову ціль та напрямки використання адаптивного підходу до управління розвитку морських портів, визначено таку відповідність:
– за умов перебування у фазі глибокої кризи морського порту, стан розвитку якого визначається як неплатоспроможний, перевага надається використанню саме організаційно-правового інструментарію, ціль використання якого криється у виведенні морського порту з кризи та створенні умов для його сталого розвитку;
– за умов, коли фактичний стан розвитку морського порту характеризується, як задовільний, але при цьому перспектива його подальшого функціонування є непередбачуваною, перевага надається використанню саме техніко-технологічного чи управлінського інструментарію, ціллю використання яких є відновлення стану платоспроможності морського порту та підвищення рівня його конкурентоспроможності;
– техніко-технологічний та управлінський інструментарій також використовується у разі перебування морських портів у стані розвитку, який характеризується як успішний, з метою посилення ринкових позицій підприємства на ринку морських транспортних послуг.
Висновки. Відповідно до проведеного дослідження нами обґрунтовано актуальність застосування адаптивного підходу до управління розвитком морських портів, визначено напрямки введення відповідних трансформаційних змін із використанням набору конкретного інструментарію. На основі означених домінант виокремлено концепт «адаптивний підхід до управління розвитком морського порту» як комплекс адаптивних заходів управління, орієнтованих на розв’язання двох ключових проблем: забезпечення виживання порту в умовах дії кризових явищ шляхом запровадження необхідних захисних реакцій; у разі потреби оновлення чи удосконалення процесу адаптації порту з метою забезпечення реалізації стратегії його розвитку.
Мовний менеджмент як механізм реалізації державної мовної політики
Authors: Kovalyova T. V.
Published: April 2020

В Україні прийнято закон «Про забезпечення функціонування української мови як державної», який потребує механізму його виконання. Закон поширюється на всі галузі публічного життя, у той же час він був неоднозначно прийнятий суспільством. Напруження на мовному ґрунті залишається, особливо у сферах обслуговування, освіті. Через це є потреба у мовному менеджменті державної мовної політики для її успішної реалізації та запобігання мовним конфліктам у суспільстві.
Поняття мовного менеджменту в дискурсі державного управління відносно нове, кількість наукових публікацій, присвячених цій темі, незначна, теоретична база дослідження мовного менеджменту, в основному, представлена зарубіжними авторами.
Мета статті – дослідити наукові підходи до визначення поняття «мовний менеджмент», сформулювати дефініцію мовного менеджменту як складника механізму державної мовної політики, розглянути суб’єктів мовного менеджменту в Україні.
Наукова новизна. У статті було розглянуто наукові підходи до визначення поняття «мовний менеджмент», його співвідношення з мовним плануванням, сформульовано дефініцію «мовний менеджмент» як складник механізму реалізації державної мовної політики. Окрему увагу приділено вивченню учасників мовного менеджменту та визначено систему суб’єктів мовного менеджменту в Україні.
Висновки. Запропоновано визначення мовного менеджменту як виду управлінської діяльності, який включає планування, організацію, приведення в дію державної мовної політики та контроль за цими процесами з метою координації інституційних, правових, інформаційних, людських, економічних та інших ресурсів, необхідних для її ефективної реалізації.
Суб’єктами мовного менеджменту в Україні виступають Верховна Рада України, Конституційний Суд України та суди загальної юрисдикції, Кабінет Міністрів України, Національна комісія зі стандартів державної мови, Уповноважений із захисту державної мови, районні державні адміністрації, органи місцевого самоврядування, громадськість в особі громадських об’єднань, рухів, мовних активістів.
З метою уникнення правової невизначеності та дотримання законодавства України необхідно уточнити правовий статус таких органів, як Національна комісія зі стандартів державної мови, Уповноважений із захисту державної мови.
Precision COVID-19 Vaccine with Companion Diagnostics
Authors: Lisziewicz Julianna , Lori Franco
Published: April 2020

Although disease enhancement by antibodies has been described for corona and other viruses, nobody can predict whether such antibodies induced by the vaccine will not be harmful, especially after reinfection with a different strain. Alternative vaccines could induce memory T-cell responses, in the absence of antibodies, to kill newly infected cells. Preclinical testing of such precision vaccines is performed in silico without animal experiments since epitopes predicted to bind to three HLA class I molecules of a subject activate cytotoxic T-cell response with more than 80% probability. Data science can be utilized to select the immunogenic vaccine peptides from the coronavirus replicase protein and estimate the immune response rate in an HLA-genotyped population. Employing accessible platform technologies, a set of precision vaccines could be co-developed with an HLA-genotype based companion diagnostic to identify the vaccine that most likely induces responses in the subject. The goal of precision vaccination is to convert the deadly COVID-19 into asymptomatic disease and to avoid the potential risk of disease enhancement.

READ ARTICLE (https://precisionnanomedicine.com/article/12561)
Soft‐tissue sarcoma in adults: An update on the current state of histiotype‐specific management in an era of personalized medicine
Authors: Gamboa Adriana C. , Gronchi Alessandro , Cardona Kenneth
Published: April 2020

Soft‐tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare tumors that account for 1% of all adult malignancies, with over 100 different histologic subtypes occurring predominately in the trunk, extremity, and retroperitoneum. This low incidence is further complicated by their variable presentation, behavior, and long‐term outcomes, which emphasize the importance of centralized care in specialized centers with a multidisciplinary team approach. In the last decade, there has been an effort to improve the quality of care for patients with STS based on anatomic site and histology, and multiple ongoing clinical trials are focusing on tailoring therapy to histologic subtype. This report summarizes the latest evidence guiding the histiotype‐specific management of extremity/truncal and retroperitoneal STS with regard to surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.
Ciência e obscurantismo em contexto de crise: a superação do capitalismo como uma vela na escuridão
Authors: Costa Frederico Jorge Ferreira , Pereira Karla Raphaella Costa , De Paula Alisson Slider do Nascimento
Published: April 2020

O texto trata do antagonismo entre ciência e anticiência no contexto da crise do capitalismo das últimas décadas. É síntese de pesquisa teórico-bibliográfica. Indicam-se os fundamentos ontológicos da ciência na práxis fundante do ser social, o trabalho. Abordam-se os contornos epistemológicos-ontológicos da práxis científica, partindo de uma análise histórico-sistemática. Apresentam-se alguns nexos entre o capitalismo atual e os ataques sistemáticos nos últimos tempos ao pensamento crítico e à ciência. Destaca-se que os ataques ao caráter emancipador da práxis desantropomorfizadora da ciência situam-se num contexto de contradições entre o desenvolvimento das forças produtivas e as coercitivas relações de produção capitalistas.
Agrobacterium rhizogenes Mediated Transformation of the Critically Endangered Species, Swertia chirayita
Authors: Samaddar Tapojita , Sarkar Sayantika , Jha Sumita
Published: April 2020

Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated genetic transformation for the establishment of root culture lines was developed successfully in the critically endangered medicinal plant Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) H. Karst. The key factor for the successfull development of hairy root culture lines was the use of whole micropropagated plants as excised explants of any type did not show any response following infection with A. rhizogenes strains. Maximum root induction frequency (25 ± 4.4%) with 2 - 9 roots per node/intermodal cut site was obtained following infection with A. rhizogenes strain LBA9402. Spontaneous regeneration of shoot buds was observed in six 9402-transformed root lines maintained in phytohormone free N/5 basal medium. The shoot buds developed for regenerating whole rooted Ri-transformed plants in phytohormone free basal medium. Integration of rolA, rolB, rolC and rolD genes of TL-DNA was confirmed in Ri-transformed root lines and plants by PCR analysis. Ten fast growing Ri-transformed root lines were screened for production of principal secoiridoids, characteristics of the parent plants. The swertiamerin content varied from 0.042 to 0.207% in the transformed root lines after 4 weeks of culture in N/5 basal medium. Ri-transformed plants showed enhanced accumulation of swertiamerin as compared to non-transformed plants of similar age. This is the first report of swertiamerin production in hairy root cultures and transformed plants of S. chirayita thereby providing new avenue for large-scale production of secondary metabolites of S. chirayita.
Dopamine 2 and Somatostatin 1-5 Receptors Coexpression in Clinically Non-Functioning Pituitary Adenomas
Authors: GABALEC F. , DRASTIKOVA M. , CESAK T. , NETUKA D. , MASOPUST V. , MACHAC J. , MAREK J. , CAP J. , BERANEK M.
Published: April 2020

This study investigated quantitated expression of dopamine 2 receptor (D2R) and somatostatin receptors of the five types (SSTR1-SSTR5) in a large series of clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas (CNFAs). Co-expression of these receptors in individual adenomas was studied as well as correlation between receptor types. Adenoma tissue from 198 patients who underwent surgery for CNFAs was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR. D2R and SSTR1-3 mRNA was expressed in all 198 adenomas. SSTR4 and SSTR5 were detectable in 85 % and 61 % of adenomas, respectively. Expression of D2R was significantly higher than that of the somatostatin receptors. The median relative expressions were as follows from highest D2R >> SSTR3 > SSTR2 > SSTR1 > SSTR5 > SSTR4. High relative expression (ratio to β-glucuronidase mRNA > 1) of D2R was found in 60 % of tumors, high expression of SSTR1 in 7.5 %, SSTR2 in 7 %, SSTR3 in 4 % and SSTR5 in 0.5 %. The quantity of D2R correlated positively with expression of SSTR2 and SSTR3, and negatively with SSTR1 and SSTR5. Among histological adenoma types, SSTR1 was significantly higher in null-cell adenomas and SSTR3 was lower in silent corticotroph adenomas. In conclusions, in CNFAs, high expression of somatostatin receptors is much less common than that of D2R, and co-expression of both these receptors is exceptional. D2R and SSTR3 seem to be the most promising targets for pharmacological treatment.
Exercise Training Attenuates Sympathetic Activation and Oxidative Stress in Diet-Induced Obesity
Authors: LI G. , LIU J.-Y. , ZHANG H.-X. , LI Q. , ZHANG S.-W.
Published: April 2020

It is known that excessive sympathetic activity and oxidative stress are enhanced in obesity. This study aimed to clarify whether exercise training (ET) attenuates sympathetic activation and oxidative stress in obesity. The obesity was induced by high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to four groups: regular diet (RD) plus sedentary (RD-S), RD plus ET (RD-ET), HFD plus sedentary (HFD-S), and HFD plus ET (HFD-ET). The rats in RD-ET and HFD-ET groups were trained on a motorized treadmill for 60 min/day, five days/week for 8 weeks. The sympathetic activity was evaluated by the plasma norepinephrine (NE) level. The superoxide anion, malondialdehyde and F2-isoprostanes levels in serum and muscles were measured to evaluate oxidative stress. The ET prevented the increases in the body weight, arterial pressure and white adipose tissue mass in HFD rats. The NE level in plasma and oxidative stress related parameters got lower in HFD-ET group compared with HFD-S group. We have found decreased mRNA and protein levels of toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 and TLR-4 by ET in HFD rats. These findings suggest that ET may be effective for attenuating sympathetic activation and oxidative stress in diet-induced obesity.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR TEKS SURAT BERDASARKAN SURAT PRIBADI DAN SURAT DINAS DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DI SMP
Authors: Wiguno Panji Setyo , Jaja Jaja
Published: April 2020

This study aims to develop teaching materials for letter texts based on personal letters and letters from agencies in Brebes Regency. This research was carried out because there were still limited effective letter text textbooks that were developed and used in learning for VII graders in junior high school. The purpose of this research is to produce teaching material designs, obtain information about the feasibility of textbooks, and the effectiveness of the use of teaching materials in class VII SMP, and produce the final product of textbooks. To achieve this goal, the Research and Development (R&D) research method is used by using the ADDIE research model. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out it can be seen that the textbooks developed are very feasible and can be effectively used in learning for VII grade students in junior high schools.
Heat and mass transfer at condensate–vapor interfaces
Authors: Kryukov P , Levashov V Yu , Zhakhovskii V V , Anisimov S I
Published: April 2020

Evaporation and condensation processes are intensely used in various fields of technology. Efforts to understand the features of film boiling of various liquids, primarily superfluid helium, inevitably lead to studying the strongly nonequilibrium processes of heat transfer from the heating surface through the vapor to the condensed phase. Theoretical studies of evaporation and condensation of single-component substances are briefly reviewed. Corresponding experimental data are analyzed and compared with calculations. We explore the important, yet unresolved and actively studied problems of condensation from vapor–gas media, the formulation of boundary conditions, and the application of molecular dynamics and kinetic theory methods to the study of heat and mass transfer at phase interfaces.
ERGENLERDE İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞININ ÖZ-YETERLİĞE ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: PINARBAŞI ERKİŞİ Esma , SAĞLAM Mehmet
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırma, ergenlerde internet bağımlılığının öz-yeterliğe etkisinin incelenmesi amacıyla planlanmıştır. Araştırma 10.05.2018-08.06.2018 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 15-18 yaş aralığındaki 202 ergen oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplanmasında, Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Çocuklar İçin Öz-yeterlik Ölçeği ve İnternet Bağımlılığı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler, frekans ve yüzde dağılımı, Kolmogorov-Smirnov testi, Shapiro-Wilks testi, Anova testi, Tukey testi, Mann-Whitney U testi, Kruskal-Wallis testi, ve korelasyon analizi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Öğrencilerin %63,4’ü kız, %36,6’sının erkek, %57,4’ünün evinde internet varken, %42,6’sının evinde internet olmadığı, %68,3’ünün akıllı telefonu olduğunu %31,7’sinin ise olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin okul türü, cinsiyeti, yaşları, devam ettikleri okul, internet bulunma durumu, akıllı telefona sahip olma, kendisine ait bir bilgisayar bulunma, Facebook hesabı olup olmama durumları ile öz-yeterlik ve öz-yeterliğin akademik, sosyal ve duygusal alt boyut ölçeği puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmamıştır. Öğrencilerin cinsiyeti ve Twitter hesabı olanlar ve olmayanlar ile duygusal puanı arasında, İnstagram hesabı olanlar ile olmayanlar arasında sosyal alt boyut arasında, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmıştır. İnternet bağımlılığı ile öz-yeterlik arasında istatistiksel olarak bir ilişki saptanmazken, internet bağımlılığı ile kontrol kaybı ve daha fazla online kalma isteği, sosyal ilişkilerde olumsuzluk alt boyutları arasında pozitif yönlü ve çok kuvvetli bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir.
VESTIBULAR NEURONITIS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: CENGİZ Deniz Uğur , TAN Mehmet , SAĞLAM Zeynep , BAYINDIR Tuba
Published: April 2020

Vestibular neuronitis (VN) is a selective, acute or subacute inflammation of the vestibular nerve. The typical VN clinical picture is generally characterized by signs of isolated vestibular syndrome following a previous upper respiratory tract infection and does not present acoustic symptoms or signs such as hearing impairment or tinnitus at this stage. Patients may also complain of oscillopsia and imbalance. The clinical picture peaks within 1–2 days and resolves in a few weeks. It is the 3rd common cause of peripheral vertigo after benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and Meniere’s disease. It constitutes about 7–10% of all vertigo cases.
EVALUASI SIFAT FISIK SEDIAAN SHAMPO EKSTRAK DAUN KATUK (Sauropus androgynus (L) Merr) DENGAN BERBAGAI VARIASI VISCOSITY AGENT
Authors: Rashati Dewi , Eryani Mikhania Christiningtyas
Published: April 2020

Sauropus androgynus (L) Merr leaf in Indonesia called katuk have strong antioxidant activity with IC50 80,01 ppm. The aims of this research is want to know physical properties of katuk leaf shampo which is formulated in various formulas. In this research katuk was formulated in shampoo with viscocity agent (HPMC, sodium CMC and Carbopol) in various concentration. The result showed that all shampoo formulas had low jasmine smell, but had different in form and colour. Shampoo viscocity increased with increased viscocity agent. The highest viscocity showed by F7 with 0,5% carbopol concentration. pH test showed that the shampoo with HPMC and sodium CMC had pH value 6. pH value of shampoo with carbopol was 5. All of pH formulas meet the requirement of SNI standard. Statistical result showed that the physical properties of foam high, viscocity and pH all formulas had significant difference.
FORMULASI DAN UJI SIFAT FISIK MASKER ANTIJERAWAT DARI EKSTRAK SABUT KELAPA ( Cocos nucifera L)
Authors: Fauziah Fauziah , Marwarni Rima , Adriani Azmalina
Published: April 2020

Coconut is a multipurpose tree for people in the tropics. Almost all parts can be used such as leaves, fruit, stems, and roots. Besides having many benefits of coconut, it also produces waste from its fruit, namely coconut fiber. Coconut coir has a very high tannin content. In general, tannin compounds can be indicated as anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial. The purpose of this study was to formulate the anti-acne mask from coconut coir extract and to test its physical properties. This study uses an experimental research method, in which three mask formulas are made with variations in the concentration of active substances and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). In this study the active substance used was coconut coir extract. The formulas used are formulas A, B, and C with the concentration of active substances successively as follows: 1%, 2%, 4%. The results of research that have been carried out that the mask formula that has the best physical properties is formula B, because it fulfills the physical properties provisions of the peel off face mask including organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, dispersal power, and drying time.
Endodontic management of mandibular canine with two roots and two canals: A case report
Authors: Balachandran Janani , Kotwal Shruti
Published: April 2020

Root canal treatment in mandibular canine with two canals in one root.

The aim is to highlight the anatomical variation in the mandibular canine.
This case report is presented to illustrate the anatomical variation in the human mandibular canine. Endodontic treatment may sometimes fail because morphological features of the tooth adversely affect the treatment procedures. Many investigators have reported the anatomical variations associated with the mandibular canines. This paper describes a mandibular canine with one root and two canals.

KEY WORDS:
Canine, canals, anatomy, two canals, endodontics.
Paediatric Dentistry: From Paediatrician`s Perspective
Authors: Taha Ayesha , Chakrabarty Dibyendu
Published: April 2020

Repeated efforts in the form of educational programmes and surveys have been made time and again to enhance the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of paediatricians regarding paediatric dentistry. However, it is unfortunate to conceive that there is still a huge need to bridge the gap. This review is yet another effort to detect the loopholes so that henceforth in future a better rapport and a better consultation programme can be established between paediatricians and pedodontists. The need of the hour is to improve the communication between the two fraternities. Key Words:Pedodontics, Paediatricians, Inter disciplinary
A New Analytical Approach for Nonlinear Global Buckling of Spiral Corrugated FG-CNTRC Cylindrical Shells Subjected to Radial Loads
Authors: Vu Tho Hung , Vu Hoai Nam , Dang Thuy Dong , Le Ngoc Ly , Nguyen Thi Thanh Xuan , Trung Nguyen-Thoi , Nguyen Thi Phuong
Published: April 2020

The present paper deals with a new analytical approach of nonlinear global buckling of spiral corrugated functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) cylindrical shells subjected to radial loads. The equilibrium equation system is formulated by using the Donnell shell theory with the von Karman’s nonlinearity and an improved homogenization model for spiral corrugated structure. The obtained governing equations can be used to research the nonlinear postbuckling of mentioned above structures. By using the Galerkin method and a three term solution of deflection, an approximated analytical solution for the nonlinear stability problem of cylindrical shells is performed. The linear critical buckling loads and postbuckling strength of shells under radial loads are numerically investigated. Effectiveness of spiral corrugation in enhancing the global stability of spiral corrugated FG-CNTRC cylindrical shells is investigated.
A Fault Feature Extraction Method Based on Second-Order Coupled Step-Varying Stochastic Resonance for Rolling Bearings
Authors: Lu Lu , Yuan Yu , Chen Chen , Deng Wu
Published: April 2020

In mechanical equipment, rolling bearings analyze and monitor their fault based on their vibration signals. Vibration signals obtained are usually weak because the machine works in a noisy background that makes it very difficult to extract its feature. To address this problem, a second-order coupled step-varying stochastic resonance (SCSSR) system is proposed. The system couples two second-order stochastic resonance (SR) systems into a multistable system, one of which is a controlled system and the other of which is a controlling system that uses the output of one system to adjust the output of the other system to enhance the weak signal. In this method, we apply the seeker optimization algorithm (SOA), which uses the output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as the estimating function and combines the twice-sampling technology to adaptively select the parameters of the coupled SR system to achieve feature enhancement and collection of the weak periodic signal. The simulation and real fault data of a bearing prove that this method has better results in detecting weak signals, and the system output SNR is higher than the traditional SR method.
Modification of Vegetable Proteins to Release Bioactive Peptides Able to Treat Metabolic Syndrome—In Silico Assessment
Authors: Maldonado-Torres Diego Armando , Fernández-Velasco D. Alejandro , Morales-Olán Gema , Rosas-Cárdenas Flor de Fátima , Luna-Suárez Silvia
Published: April 2020

Metabolic syndrome comprises a cluster of diseases like hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance, among others. Its treatment is based on lifestyle modification; however, this treatment often fails to improve metabolic syndrome indicators over the long term. In this work, sequences of some representative vegetable proteins were explored to find bioactive peptides with activity toward metabolic disorders of metabolic syndrome. Five proteins, i.e., legumin (chickpea), glutelin type A-2 (chickpea), glutelin type B-2 (rice), prolamin PPROL 17 (maize), and glutelin (rice) revealed a high potential to be effective against metabolic syndrome. We designed and evaluated in silico modifications to their amino acid sequence to release bioactive peptides after simulating gastrointestinal digestion (SGD). The approach presented here allows the design of proteins that could combat metabolic syndrome, for later production and study. In the future, these proteins can be used as functional foods.
Bifunctional Non-Canonical Amino Acids: Combining Photo-Crosslinking with Click Chemistry
Authors: Hoffmann Jan-Erik
Published: April 2020

Genetic code expansion is a powerful tool for the study of protein interactions, as it allows for the site-specific incorporation of a photoreactive group via non-canonical amino acids. Recently, several groups have published bifunctional amino acids that carry a handle for click chemistry in addition to the photo-crosslinker. This allows for the specific labeling of crosslinked proteins and therefore the pulldown of peptides for further analysis. This review describes the properties and advantages of different bifunctional amino acids, and gives an overview about current and future applications.