bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The nexus between economic policy uncertainty and innovation performance in Visegrad group countries
Authors: Asad Arif Ibne , Popesko Boris , Damborský Milan
Published: October 2024

Research background: Research and development (R&D) spending and innovation initiatives play a crucial role in promoting growth. However, economic policy uncertainty (EPU) is a reality that cannot be avoided when making business decisions. The Visegrad Group (V4), consisting of Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia, is considered a regional alliance of four Central European countries with significant potential for innovation and economic development because these nations’ economies are encountering the so-called ‘middle-income trap’.
Purpose of the article: The paper’s main objective is to examine the impact of economic policy uncertainty on innovation performance and R&D expenditures in the Visegrad Group countries. 
Methods: The study used comparative panel models analysis (fixed effect, random effect, and system generalized method of moments [GMM]) between 2012 and 2021. The models include the lag periods for EPU to provide a better perspective on the short-term impact and even long-term consequences of EPU.
Findings & value added: The directions of innovation output and R&D expenditures are directly related to EPU. In V4 economies, businesses may reduce their spending on R&D and innovation activities when confronted with high EPU; however, over time, the volatility of economic uncertainties is adjusted for. Additionally, the political and economic control variables increase the number of dimensions used in the models, which will motivate additional EPU studies in the field. Although EPU studies are widely accepted, our investigation shows that the topic is still not properly developed for Visegrad Group countries in relation to how EPU affects innovation activity. Another unique feature of the current study is the diversity of variables used, including the EPU lag variables, variables representing essential economic and political issues, as well as control variables, thus incorporating complex panel models.
Industry 4.0, digital transformation and human resource management: Emerging themes and research trends in the context of the Visegrad countries
Authors: Eger Ludvík , Žižka Miroslav
Published: October 2024

Research background: The existing literature provides an incomplete approach to understanding the implications of Industry 4.0 for HRM development. Digitalisation has been shown to influence HR practices and the role of HR managers in various aspects of business operations.
Purpose of the article: The aim of this research is threefold: (i) to identify the main themes and sub-themes discussed that have been under consideration by scholars since 2011; (ii) to analyse the research designs and research methods used; (iii) to propose a future research agenda for this field, all with the focus on research development in the Visegrad countries.
Methods: In this research, a systematic literature review (SLR) using bibliometric analysis through the VOSviewer software, complemented with a thematic analysis, considered 112 articles obtained from the Web of Science (core collection) related to the topic of Industry 4.0 (digital transformation) and human resource management. The results reveal that human resource management is a significant phenomenon in supporting digital transformation. By using bibliometric analysis of the retrieved literature, using the standard created by the PRISMA group, it was possible to uncover the main statistical characteristics of published authors and cooperation networks in this area.
Findings & value added: The results of the analyses show that the main themes of the research are HR trends in the Industry 4.0 era, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HR, employee expectations related to the current development of technologies in Industry 4.0, sustainable HRM practices, development of digital competencies, soft and hard skills, the impact of digitalisation on organisational culture, leadership styles and the environment for innovation. From the research design perspective, quantitative research based on empirical data dominates. Overall, this research contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive overview of the research landscape of digital transformation and human resource development while outlining future research directions.
Long-term dynamics of the spatial distribution of European vendace (Coregonus albula L.) of Lake Vishtynetskoye, Kaliningrad region
Authors: Aldushin Andrey Viktorovich , Deogenova Kseniya Evgen'evna
Published: October 2024

European vendace in the Kaliningrad Region is represented only in Lake Vishtynetskoe. It is a valuable com-mercial species and it was actively used by fishing in the 70-80s of the 20th century. Its annual catch reached 29 tons with an average catch of 16 tons. However, currently catches of this fish do not exceed 2 tons while a recommended volume is 12 tons. Modern studies have shown a decrease in size characteristics and a high vendace population in Lake Vishtynetskoe. In order to increase the efficiency of targeted fishing for this species in a reservoir and determine areas of the water area in which it forms high concentrations, its spatial distribution was studies over the period from 2014 to 2021 by conducting night hydroacoustic surveys. Processing of echograms made it possible to obtain quantitative characteristics of the densities of vendace aggregations along the ship’s route. By using of geographic information systems for each section of lake, for which fishing squares were selected, the average concentration of this species were determined. An average density of aggregations for the considered series of years, amounting to 10,000 specimens/ha, was chosen as a measure of high concentration. The results of the studies showed that in different years high densities of vendace aggregations are formed in different parts of the lake and the number of population does not reliably affect the number of such ar-eas. Spatial analysis showed that during the period under review consistently high concentrations of this species were observed annually in only two fishing squares and its can be recommended for targeted vendace fishing.
Administrative control by legality notary activity
Authors: Dzhuga M. V.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the disclosure of the concept and essence of administrative control over notarial activity. It is noted that administrative control is a type of external control performed by other bodies in relation to notaries (persons authorized to perform notarial acts). Along with judicial control, it acts as an element of state regulation of notarial activity in order to verify whether the notary himself complies with the rules established by the state.
Based on the analysis of the Law of Ukraine «On Notaries», four objects of administrative control by the justice authorities over public and private notaries are distinguished: the organization of the notary, the organization of notarial activities, the procedure for performing notarial acts and the rules of notarial administration. The procedure for performing notarial acts is an object of administrative control, which is directly related to the verification of the legality of notarial activities, since the judicial authorities must check the procedural actions of public and private notaries accompanying the performance of notarial acts. The legality of notarial activity is determined not only by the compliance of the notarial act with acts of material legislation or an international agreement, but also «procedural», i.e. notarial, which determines the general and special procedure for performing notarial acts or refusing to perform them. Instead, the compliance of the notarial act with the requirements of substantive legislation (international treaty) or the legality of the refusal to perform a notarial act is checked by the court.
It is noted that the administrative control over notarial activity carried out by the judicial authorities has a peculiar subject matter (only the legality of the procedure for performing the notarial act is checked, i.e. the procedural actions of the notary that accompanied the performance of the notarial act), can be based not on complaints of individuals and legal entities, but on scheduled inspections, characterized by the absence of a properly regulated procedure for checking the legality of the order of the notarial act. The latter allows the justice authorities to abuse their powers in practice and not take into account the interests of the persons who applied for the execution of a notarial act.
Peculiarities of characteristics of land legal relations within the limits of their administrative and legal regulation
Authors: Zapototska O. V. , Pustovit Yu. Yu.
Published: October 2024

In the article, the authors made a thorough description of administrative and legal regulation in the field of land relations. They characterized the concepts of «regulation», «legal regulation» and «land relations». It is substantiated that land relations are one of the largest massifs of public relations regulated by legal norms, in which the absolute majority of both private and public legal entities are involved. But due to the diversity of such subjects and the differences in their legal status, the legal regulation of land relations uses methods characteristic of both civil and administrative law. In addition, within the limits of land law, the existence of its own method of legal regulation is emphasized. It was determined that «legal regulation» can be considered an institution of a general type, which includes specific characteristics that give rise to administrative and legal regulation. The formulated author’s definition of «administrative-legal regulation» as a type of sectoral legal regulation, which is based on the direct effect of the norms of administrative law and is an administrative-legal instrument that affects social relations arising in the field of public administration. taking into account the peculiarities of the legislative definition of the concept of «land relations», for the purposes of scientific research it is more correct to use the term «administrative-legal regulation in the field of land relations» as opposed to the term «administrative-legal regulation of land relations». In our opinion, the term «sphere of land relations» should be understood as a set of relations, which, in addition to land relations, include relations arising in connection with the exercise of power by public administration bodies in relation to land management. The objects of these relations are land, land plots, rights to them, as well as goods and objects derived from them. «Administrative and legal regulation in the field of land legal relations» should be understood as a type of sectoral legal regulation, which is based on the direct effect of the norms of administrative, civil and land law and is a legal instrument that affects public land legal relations arising in the field of public land management affairs.
Mechanism of administrative legal regulation and its constituent elements
Authors: Cantor N. Yu.
Published: October 2024

It is indicated that a mandatory prerequisite for a high level of fundamental scientific research on issues of administrative law, as well as the possibility of the science of administrative law to serve as a progressive theoretical and legal basis for the understanding and improvement of phenomena and processes that occur during the implementation of the norms of administrative law, is the achievement of the correct understanding of the fundamental theoretical constructions of administrative law. One of them, which is in great demand among the scientific and professional community in their activities, is the mechanism of administrative and legal regulation. This key constituent element of the conceptual-categorical apparatus of administrative law is an administrative-legal variation of the legal mechanism, ideas about which are developed within the framework of legal theory.
Having regard to the views expressed by legal theorists and representatives of the science of administrative law on the essence of the mechanism of administrative legal regulation, the author came to the conclusion that the mechanism of administrative legal regulation is an ordered set of legal means, which in their interrelationship ensure the proper functioning of the state and local self-government with the aim of satisfying to the greatest extent the legitimate interests of private persons and civil society as well as of achieving other goals of administrative law in the relevant sphere of public law relations. Nevertheless, the statement that the mechanism of administrative legal regulation governs social relations seems unfounded, because it artificially narrows the structure of this type of legal mechanism to the norms of the law, while to ensure the implementation of the regulatory influence of the law, it includes other elements necessary for this. Moreover, it could be considered wrong from the point of view of formal logic to encompass the its goal by the definition of the mechanism of administrative legal regulation, because if the mechanism of administrative legal regulation itself is meant, then it is automatically aimed at realizing the goal of administrative-legal regulation, which excludes the need for its duplication in its definition.
The system of legal means that form the mechanism of administrative and legal regulation includes norms of administrative law and acts of their official interpretation, administrative legal relations (including relevant legal facts and factual structures), acts of fulfillment of rights and duties in these legal relations (including, acts of application of legal norms), as well as legal awareness of participants in administrative legal relations (as an optional element).
Legal support for electronic document management
Authors: Kapitanenko N.
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes the legal support for electronic document management in Ukraine. It is determined that the introduction of innovative transformations in Ukraine in the context of information technology development involves the use of modern forms and methods of work based on electronic information exchange. Numerous forms and methods that have been used for decades in the field of information and communication relations for information processing have proven to be unjustified and ineffective in the new social and information and innovative realities. Electronic document management has replaced paper document management.
The study found that the electronic document management system in Ukraine is undergoing a long path of development and formation. The introduction of electronic document management contributes to the digital modernization of Ukraine. The availability of reformed legislation is important for carrying out qualitative changes, which generates legal certainty of the status of subjects of the process of significant transformations. The electronic form of documents provides the necessary level of information security for participants in legal relations, since the exchange of documents occurs in encrypted form using a qualified electronic signature. It has been established that there is a saving of human and material resources that were previously used for printing, sending and storing documents. Remote advantages provide mobility and convenience of document transfer via electronic document management platforms or e-mail. The implementation of this document management system allows creating electronic archives for more efficient document storage.
It has been established that the main effect of introducing electronic document management is resource-based. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the risks of introducing electronic document management by both state and local government bodies and business entities.
The state of electronic document management in Ukraine in the field of public administration has been analyzed and ways of its further development have been identified. It has been established that the legal support for electronic document management requires further development, updating, balance, harmonization with international legal norms and standards. Implementation of high-quality legal, institutional, organizational, and managerial transformations in the sphere of public administration in the context of European integration requirements based on the recognition of a person as the highest social value is an urgent vital necessity, which will contribute to the development of Ukraine as a competitive state with a strong economy and advanced technologies.
Concepts and features of state-service relations in law enforcement agencies
Authors: Prysiazhnyuk O. A.
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes and reveals the concept of state-official legal relations in state authorities in general, and law enforcement agencies in particular, it is emphasized that these legal relations are characterized by specificity and have a direct impact on the development and functioning of the state apparatus, as well as create the basis for the effective implementation by public servants of their direct powers and functions that were delegated to them by society and the state.
It is emphasized that in modern legal science, the essence of the definition of «legal relations» lies in the understanding of relations between natural persons, which embody the legal reflection of social, political, economic, family, in some cases, moral, as well as other social relations, which sublimate the process of emergence, change and termination of a social relationship based on legal norms, the participants of which have legal rights and obligations, the observance of which is guaranteed by the state.
It was established that there are no clear criteria for belonging of the phenomenon of state-service relations to a specific group of legal norms in the modern legal system.
It was established that state-official legal relations are governed by the norms of labor and administrative law according to the main criteria.
It was noted that the genesis of public-service legal relations lies in the synthesis of social relations regulated by the current legislation, which are formed with the participation of the state in the personification of its bodies and relevant officials on the one hand, and civil servants - on the other, which are implemented in order to fulfill the tasks and functions of the state services
It is emphasized that state-official legal relations, including in law enforcement agencies, are a phenomenon inherent not only in the field of civil service, the main principles of which are regulated by the Law of Ukraine «On Civil Service», the process of serving in the Armed Forces of Ukraine should also be considered as such , the National Guard of Ukraine, the National Police of Ukraine, the Security Service of Ukraine, the Prosecutor’s Office and other law enforcement and human rights protection bodies.
Activities of public service centers: problematic issues and ways to solve them
Authors: Bubleynyk V. A.
Published: October 2024

The article covers the activities of administrative service centers: problematic issues and ways to solve them. Among the problems in the activities of public service centers are the following: 1) the lack of alternative ways to apply to administrative service centers for a certain type of public service, which makes the subjects directly dependent on the officials who provide them; 2) lack of appropriate conditions for waiting for the subjects of treatment, especially for people with disabilities, when the premises of public administration entities do not have basic chairs and tables for filling out forms, documents, applications, etc., there are no means for easy access to the offices objects of public administration of subjects of treatment with special needs; 3) lack and / or limited access to information on administrative procedures for the provision of public services in the activities of the CNAP; delays by local government officials, including administrative service centers and executive authorities, in the timing of many public services; 4) too huge «live» queues in the executive and local governments, including public service centers; 5) inconvenient mode of operation of administrative service centers providing public services, which often coincides with the usual schedule of most of the subjects of appeals and causes certain inconveniences primarily for consumers who are forced to apply for public services; 6) violation of the terms of consideration by the employees of the CNAP regarding the decision on the merits of providing a certain type of public service; 7) intermediate decisions and approvals among the subjects of public administration, which in turn are located in different parts of settlements; 8) the complexity of public service delivery procedures, the essence of which is that consumers of public services must collect a significant number of documents in the form of certificates, copies, etc. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the establishment of administrative service centers should be the alternative that will significantly improve the quality of service to the subjects of treatment and help prevent corruption risks in the activities of the CNAP.
It is proved that the Law of Ukraine «On Administrative Services» provided for the establishment of such centers primarily in those subjects of public administration, where the maximum number of public services is provided by their structural units, in particular, in the executive committees of city councils. In addition, the Law of Ukraine «On Administrative Services» provides for measures to decentralize the provision of basic public services, related to the need to transfer authority to receive documents in the field of public services and issue their results from territorial units of central executive bodies to relevant local governments and / or local district state administrations, including CNAP.
Multiple citizenship according to the modern legislation of Ukraine
Authors: Fenych Y. V.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the legal regulation of multiple citizenship under the modern legislation of Ukraine. Within the framework of the article, the author tries to analyze the current state of enshrining the right to citizenship in the legislation of Ukraine and the degree of the regulation of multiple citizenship. The possibility of introducing the multiple citizenship in Ukraine has been clarified and its necessity has been established. The announced changes to the legislation on citizenship were analyzed.
The author put an emphasis on the relevance of issues of multiple citizenship, caused by the emigration of Ukrainians, by the large Ukrainian diaspora in the foreign countries as well as by the numerous representatives of national minorities who live in our country. In the context of the article, the importance of solving multiple citizenship issues at the legislative level and developing a clear state policy in this area are emphasized. Since enshrining in the legislation the so-called principle of «non-recognition of multiple citizenship» means only the non-recognition of its legal consequences.
An intermediate conclusion about the significant gaps in the legislation of Ukraine about multiple citizenship based on the results of the analysis of normative-legal base was made. The author is convinced that the multiple citizenship in Ukraine come of conscious activity of the legislator and the need to solve the issues of multiple citizenship in Ukraine is extremely high.
The theoretical and legal foundations of understanding the actual concept of citizenship and the concept of the right to citizenship by the legislation of Ukraine were analyzed. The multiple citizenship as a special legal position of a person who at one time is in the citizenship of two or more states was established. The author put an emphasis on the fact of absence of the concept of bipatrism in the law of Ukraine “On citizenship” and on the absence of the principle of inadmissibility of cases of multiple citizenship among the principles of state policy in the field of citizenship.
It was concluded that the draft laws introduced by the President of Ukraine are directed towards changing the ordinary, not the constitutional, legislation on citizenship. That is why the opinion regarding the expediency of changing the legislation on citizenship in order to solve the problems of the outdated migration policy and satisfy the interests of a large part of Ukrainians was expressed.
Organizational and legal principles of countering drug crime: international aspect
Authors: Matat Yu. I. , Shevchuk O. M.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the peculiarities of the theoretical and practical problems of the organizational and legal foundations of combating drug crime in the international aspect. It is suggested that the organizational and legal principles of countering drug crime should be understood as a system of normative and legal acts, which consist of administrative and legal norms and regulate the most important aspects of the organization and functioning of its subjects of countering in compliance with legislation in the field of countering drug crime. The approaches of the draft Strategy of the State Policy of Ukraine for the period until 2030 in the context of the requirements of European integration, taking into account the provisions of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU of 2014, are indicated, and the priority areas of the EU Drug Strategy for 2021–2025 are highlighted. The EU Drugs Strategy 2021–2025 is set to protect and improve societal and individual well-being, protect and strengthen public health, offer a high level of safety and well-being for the general public, and increase health literacy. It is established that the policies of the EU Drug Strategy for 2021–2025 are announced in three areas, namely: (1) reducing the supply of drugs and strengthening security; (2) reducing the demand for drugs (prevention, treatment and care services); (3) addressing drug-related harm, and includes: (a) international cooperation, (b) research, innovation and forecasting; (c) coordination, management and implementation. It is indicated that one of the important strategic priorities of the EU Drug Strategy for 2021–2025 is to ensure access to treatment and care services, which involves voluntary and non-discriminatory access to a wide range of effective services based on evidence, including professional counseling, psychosocial, behavioral and drug treatment, including targeted opioid replacement therapy programs, rehabilitation, social reintegration, and recovery support programs.
Legal principles of attracting budget funds and EU funds for the implementation of the «green» transition of the energy sector of the economy and the implementation of projects (programs) in the field of energy efficiency
Authors: Yakymchuk N. Ya. , Zhytnyk Yu. V. , Savenkova V. G.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the issues of the legal basis of attracting funds from the State Budget of Ukraine, local budgets and EU funds for the implementation of the «green» transition of the energy sector of the economy and the implementation of projects (programs) in the field of energy efficiency. The article found out that the budget legislation of Ukraine enshrines a number of instruments that make it possible to attract budget funds for the implementation of measures and investment projects in the energy sector, namely: A) for the implementation of state investment projects (programs) and other investment projects in the energy sector the following are carried out: 1) budget expenditures directed to the purpose of state investment in state-owned objects using state capital investments; 2) crediting the budget for the implementation of investment projects implemented through state investment; 3) provision of state or local guarantees for the implementation of investment projects in the field of energy provided with budgetary funds of the relevant budget; B) to provide state financial support to participants in the electricity market, who are entrusted with special duties to ensure an increase in the share of electricity production from alternative energy sources (SE «Guaranteed Buyer»), State Budget expenditures are made; C) for the implementation of «green» transition measures implemented at the expense of the State Budget of Ukraine by the Energy Efficiency Fund, according to the relevant budget programs, in the budget program «State Fund for Decarbonization and Energy Efficient Transformation», programs of the Energy Efficiency Fund; D) to realize, at the expense of State and local budgets, long- term obligations for energy service in accordance with energy service contracts concluded by managers of budget funds to improve the energy efficiency of state and communal property; D) to implement at the expense of EU funds in accordance with the Ukraine Facility the measures provided for in the Plan of Ukraine 2024-2027, in the form of expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine (Component I), and lending to selected investment projects (Component II), the «visibility» of using which Ukraine has to provide It was noted that the budgetary legislation of Ukraine needs to be supplemented in terms of establishing the legal regime of budgetary investment, which has distinct features from spending and lending, establishing the obligation to ensure the «visibility» of the use of EU funds involved in the relevant budgets, carrying out transactions with them, as well as establishing the concept of «EU funds», as it occurs in the budgetary law of the EU member states.
Threats to critical infrastructure objects of Ukraine under martial law
Authors: Herasymenko O. M.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to analyzing threats to Ukraine’s critical infrastructure. The relevance of the study is driven by the dangerous dynamics of threat levels that affect national security and the socio-economic stability of the state under martial law. A review of the scientific literature revealed that there is currently no unified approach to the classification and assessment of such threats. Therefore, the article aims to analyze existing classifications of threats to critical infrastructure and propose an original classification of their manifestations on critical infrastructure objects under martial law, considering both international and national experiences.
During the research, several tasks were accomplished: the essence of the term «threat to critical infrastructure» was defined; an analysis of legal documents related to the protection of critical infrastructure was conducted; domestic and international experiences in threat classification were studied; principles underlying both domestic and foreign classifications were reviewed and their effectiveness was assessed; and an original classification of threats to critical infrastructure for Ukraine was developed.
The results of the study revealed that there are various classifications of threats to critical infrastructure today. However, in our opinion, the most effective classification that meets modern challenges is one that considers all forms of their manifestations: physical assaults, cyberattacks, economic sabotage, terrorist actions, and assaults using climate weapons. This classification of threats to Ukraine’s critical infrastructure is developed based on international and domestic experience and is of great importance for enhancing national security, as its value lies in the systematization of theoretical knowledge and a deep analysis of modern threats facing the state. The main scientific value of the proposed classification lies in its ability to integrate different aspects of threats into a single classification that takes into account both internal and external factors. This allows for a more accurate risk assessment and the implementation of appropriate measures to protect national critical infrastructure objects.
Problem issues of criminal responsibility for forced disappearance
Authors: Korchak S. P.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to some problematic issues of prosecution for enforced disappearance. It is noted that the analysis of reports on criminal offenses posted on the website of the Office of the Prosecutor General, which contain information on the number of registered facts of crimes under Art. 146-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, showed the dynamics that during the first one and a half years of this article, no criminal proceedings were registered. In the following years, the number of recorded cases of enforced disappearances began to increase, and a significant jump occurred at the beginning of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine. However, today’s rates of registration of such crimes are significantly lower compared to 2022. Official statistics on crimes under Art. 146-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine probably does not reflect the real situation, since the detection and recording of such cases are complicated due to wartime and the occupation of the relevant territories of Ukraine. It has been studied that the term «enforced disappearance» was first used by non-governmental organizations in Latin America in the 1960s and is a literal translation of the Spanish phrase «disaparacion forzada», which reveals the concept of enforced disappearance as a brutal violation of human rights and a crime committed directly or indirectly with the support state authorities in order to eliminate political opponents.
It was analyzed that the composition of enforced disappearance, provided for in Part 1 of Art. 146-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, is formal and material, and Part 2 of this Art. – formal on the objective side.
The author concluded that the criminalization of enforced disappearance in our country was necessary to counteract this particularly serious violation of human rights, since other provisions of the current criminal legislation do not reflect the complex nature of the damage that enforced disappearance causes (or may cause in the future).
In addition, the specific legal nature of the investigated criminal offense makes it possible to distinguish it from similar crimes. In particular, this includes the presence of its special subject and such a mandatory feature as the subsequent refusal to recognize the fact of the arrest, detention or deprivation of liberty of a person in any other form or concealment of information about the fate or location of this person.
Anti-corruption mechanisms in public administration as a tool for combating organized crime in the economic sector
Authors: Bilenets D. , Vozniakovska K. , Marchuk V.
Published: October 2024

The article examines anti-corruption mechanisms within the public administration system as one of the most important tools in combating organized crime in the economic sector. Corruption and organized crime pose a serious threat to the stability and sustainable development of the state, as they undermine public trust in government institutions, create unfavorable conditions for business, and hinder economic progress. In a context where organized criminal groups are actively infiltrating various sectors of the economy, especially in the field of economic law, the implementation of effective anti-corruption mechanisms becomes extremely relevant and necessary to ensure the economic security of the country.
The analysis of legal norms and institutional frameworks indicates that the modern system of anti-corruption measures in Ukraine is aimed at ensuring maximum transparency and accountability in the activities of public authorities. The National Agency on Corruption Prevention (NACP) and the National Anti-Corruption Bureau of Ukraine (NABU) play a key role in monitoring compliance with anti-corruption legislation and investigating the most complex and significant corruption cases that have a substantial impact on economic and social stability. The Specialized Anti-Corruption Prosecutor’s Office (SAPO) provides the necessary procedural oversight and supports the prosecution in corruption cases, enabling the effective implementation of anti-corruption policies at all levels of government.
The article also discusses the implementation of an electronic declaration system that ensures the transparency of financial transactions of public officials and allows for the identification of possible cases of illicit enrichment, which is one of the most serious corruption offenses. Additionally, the ProZorro system, which ensures openness and transparency in the public procurement process, plays a key role in reducing corruption risks in the public sector. Special attention is also given to the use of blockchain technologies in financial monitoring, which can significantly increase trust in public finances and complicate the possibility of manipulation and abuse in this area.
Regarding the relationship between the concepts of disclosure and investigation of criminal offenses
Authors: Lukyanchikov E. , Lukyanchikov B. , Mykytenko O.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the correlation between the concepts of detection and investigation of criminal offenses which are widely used in legislation and theory of criminal procedure, operational and investigative activities, and forensics. The author draws attention to the fact that the current CPC of Ukraine introduces the concepts of investigation and trial instead of detecting crimes to determine the tasks of criminal proceedings.
The article provides information about the authors who have devoted their research to the analysis of the concepts of detection and investigation of criminal offences. It is noted that in some cases, discussions among scholars arise due to ambiguous understanding and interpretation of the essence and content of these concepts.
The purpose of the study is to analyse the provisions of current legislation which regulate the issues of combating crime and the use of the concepts of detection and investigation of criminal offences, as well as the works of scholars who have analysed these issues and substantiated their personal vision of their solution.
The analysis of the publications of scientists who tried to formulate the definition of the concepts of detection and investigation of crimes, reveal the essence and show their importance for the theory and practice of law enforcement during the evaluation of the effectiveness of their work in combating crime was carried out.
It is proved that the concept of criminal offences detection has the right to be used in rule-making and theoretical developments. To reduce contradictions, it should be considered in three senses: as a task of criminal proceedings; as a special type of law enforcement activity aimed at detecting criminal offences and their perpetrators and proving the circumstances which are the subject of proof for making a correct court decision; and as a result of such activity. The author proposes to define the moment when it is appropriate to consider a criminal offence to be solved.
The conclusions contain proposals regarding the practicality of using the phrase «detection of criminal offences», which covers misdemeanours and crimes when formulating the tasks of criminal proceedings and stating in the article on clarification of terms that detection of crimes as an activity includes detection of signs of a criminal offence and its investigation.
Implementation of the EU acts in the field of capital markets into Ukrainian legislation: international legal framework and priority areas
Authors: Koval Y.O.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the process of implementation of the European Union (EU) acts in the field of capital markets into Ukrainian legislation. The author examines the international legal basis of this process and describes the main stages of Ukraine’s relations with the EU in relation to the approximation of Ukrainian legislation to the EU acquis. The author also examines the key documents that define the relations between Ukraine and the EU in the context of European integration, including the 1994 EU-Ukraine Partnership and Cooperation Agreement and the 2014 EU- Ukraine Association Agreement. The article analyses in detail the reports of the European Commission on Ukraine’s progress in approximating its legislation to the EU acquis in the field of capital markets. The main achievements and areas requiring further improvement are highlighted. In particular, the author examines the issues of capital market supervision, rating of financial instruments, and such mechanisms for raising funds as securitisation and covered bonds. The author examines the internal aspects of bringing Ukrainian legislation in line with EU requirements, including legislative plans and current draft laws. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of recently adopted laws aimed at bringing Ukrainian legislation closer to the EU acquis in the field of capital markets. The article also examines the priority areas for further work on the implementation of EU acts, including improving legislation on combating capital market abuse, creating a mechanism for compensation to investors in securities, strengthening the supervisory powers of the National Securities and Stock Market Commission, and introducing certain types of collective investment institutions that operate in the EU but are not currently provided for in Ukrainian legislation, such as European long-term investment funds, venture capital funds, and other types of collective investment institutions. Based on the analysis, the author formulates recommendations for improving the implementation process, including strengthening coordination between various government agencies, attracting international technical assistance and holding broad consultations with market participants.
The concept, characteristics and types of environmental crimes in international law
Authors: Syroid T.L.
Published: October 2024

The article focuses on the definition of the concept of environmental crimes, it is noted that there is no single normative instrument in international law that contains a definition of such a concept. It is stated that international institutions, in particular: United Nations Environment Programme, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, European Commission, Europol, etc. provide different interpretations of these unlawful acts. And universal and regional international acts criminalising illegal acts in the environmental sphere (the Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques (1976), Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May Be Deemed to Be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects (1980) and its Additional Protocols, Lusaka Agreement on Co-operative Enforcement Operations Directed at Illegal Trade in Wild Fauna and Flora (1994), Directive (EU) 2024/1203 on the protection of the environment through criminal law and replacing Directives 2008/99/ EC and 2009/123/EC, etc.), mainly contain a list of offences, obligations to criminalise them by the parties to the relevant international agreements, to impose sanctions, to cooperate, etc.
It is noted that the factors that increase the danger to natural objects and the survival of humanity as a whole are the ways of committing illegal acts (e.g., destruction, large-scale uncontrolled fishing, chemical pollution of water and land, large-scale uncontrolled and irreversible deforestation, etc.). There is also a combination of different forms of crime, namely, crimes committed by transnational organised groups, the use of administrative resources, corruption schemes, money laundering, etc., which facilitate the commission of crimes, increase the level of latency, etc. Another negative trend is the close connection of environmental crime with international conflicts, which increase the danger to all environmental objects and individuals.
The subjects of illegal acts include individuals, companies, governments, informal criminal networks and organised criminal groups. The victims of environmental crimes are individuals, communities and the population of the state.
The article classifies environmental crimes on the basis of the objects of encroachment and the methods of committing the illegal acts, and accordingly proposes to distinguish between such types as: fisheries crime, forestry crime, pollution crimes, illicit trade in natural resources and wildlife crime. Conclusions and recommendations are made.
Conservation of the soil particles by the working organs of the vibromachine
Authors: Arhipenko A.V.
Published: October 2024

It is shown that in the modes of motion ”without tossing” the coefficient of friction of the material on the load-carrying surface of the working body and the angle of vibrations have a significant impact on the efficiency of vibrotransportation. The transfer coefficient of the horizontal component of the vibration velocity at a constant the value of the operating mode coefficient first increases with an increase in the friction coefficient, reaching a maximum at a certain ratio of the coefficient of friction and the angle of vibration, and then gradually decreases.
Self-similar homogeneous Lorentzian manifold of Lie group Se(2) × r+
Authors: Podoksenov M.N. , Shpakova Yu.A.
Published: October 2024

We consider the four-dimensional Lie group 𝐺4 = 𝑆𝐸(2) R+, where 𝑆𝐸(2) is the connected group of motions of the Euclidean plane that preserve the orientation of the plane, and R+ is the multiplicative group of positive real numbers.A unique class of left-invariant Lorentzian metrics is found for which the given Lie group is a self-similar manifold. Formulas are obtained that describe the action of an essential one-parameter similarity group with respect to natural coordinates. This group is generated by the one-parameter autosimilarity group of the corresponding Lie algebra equipped with the Lorentz scalar product.
Mathematical modeling of geochemical transformation of the soil and vegetation cover in post-spirogenous zones of different burning intensity
Authors: Guts A.K. , Zaharihina L.V. , Vinitskaya E.A. , Chernenko S.P. , Kerimzade V.V.
Published: October 2024

A mathematical model is proposed that describes the situation the success of the first stage of succession for mosses in the zone of maximum according to the intensity of the fire in comparison with the course of succession in the zone low-intensity combustion.
Animal as a participant in veterinary communication (based on published stories and memoirs of veterinarians)
Authors: Abrosimova Ekaterina Alekseevna
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the communication between humans and animals in veterinary discourse with focus on changing ethical standards. The purpose of the article is to systematize speech situations related to interspecies veterinary communication. The objectives are to consider pragmatic diversity of interspecies communication, and describe the specific speech situations characteristic of the veterinary sphere. The material of the study were memoirs in Russian, where veterinarians describe stories related to the treatment of animals. Speech situations presented in these works are analyzed. The main components of speech situations are considered: participants, their roles, features of verbal and non-verbal communication. A review of published studies has shown that interspecies communication can also be understood as one-sided, that is when a person creates an image of an animal as interlocutor, speaking for it; and as two-sided, with mutual interpretation of communicative signs. Speech situations in veterinary communication are systematized according to the approaches based on the communicative roles of the participants and the semiotic system. Conclusions are drawn about the diversity of speech situations in veterinary communication, the image of the doctor as translator created in the memoir literature, which interacts not only with an animal patient, but also acts as a mediator between an animal and its owner.