bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The greater role of Southern Ocean warming compared to Arctic warming in shifting future tropical rainfall patterns
Authors: Park Hyo-Seok , Jeong Hyein , Kang Sarah , Chung Eui-Seok
Published: October 2024

The recent rapid decline in Antarctic sea ice highlights the growing influence of rising Southern Ocean surface temperatures on global climate. While Arctic warming has been extensively studied, the importance of Southern Ocean warming is emerging only now. Multi-model simulations indicate that over 1.5°C of Southern Ocean surface warming can counteract the projected northward shift in zonal-mean precipitation over the tropics by the mid-21st century. SST nudging experiments suggest that a 1.0°C warming in the Southern Ocean could impact tropical precipitation as significantly as a 1.5°C warming in the Arctic. Regionally, Southern Ocean warming increases rainfall in northeastern Brazil while heightening drought risks in the Sahel. These effects are more pronounced than those from a weakening Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. Thus, Southern Ocean warming may play a more crucial role than Arctic warming in shaping tropical climate patterns in the coming decades.
Predicting IVF live birth probabilities using machine learning, center-specific models: validation results and potential benefits over national registry-based models.
Authors: Yao Mylene , Nguyen Elizabeth , Retzloff Matthew , Gago L. , Nichols John , Payne John , Ripps Barry , Opsahl Michael , Groll Jeremy , Beesley Ronald , Neal Gregory , Adams Jaye , Nowak Lorie , Swanson Trevor , Chen Xiaocong
Published: October 2024

Ongoing improvement of pretreatment live birth prognostication for in vitro fertilization (IVF) is critical for informing fertility patients' treatment decisions, advocating for IVF coverage and supporting value-based IVF care. The US national registry Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) IVF live birth prediction (LBP) model (SART model) has been widely adopted for its prognostic support without external validation or utilization studies. We conducted a retrospective model validation study to compare the IVF LBP performance of machine learning, center-specific (MLCS) models versus the SART model in 6 unrelated US fertility centers using their respective center-specific test sets comprising an aggregate of 4,635 patients' first-IVF cycle data. Compared to the SART model, MLCS2 showed higher median Precision Recall AUC at 0.75 (IQR 0.73, 0.77) vs. 0.69 (IQR 0.68, 0.71), p<0.05 and higher median F1 Score across LBP thresholds. Further, MLCS1 showed no evidence of data drift when validated using out-of-time test data from a later period. Reclassification analysis showed that MLCS2 models assigned more appropriate and higher IVF LBPs compared to the SART model, which underestimated patient prognoses (continuous net reclassification index: 18.3%, p<0.0001). Overall, MLCS2 and SART models assigned 30% of patients to differential prognostic groups, with MLCS2 assigning 26% of patients to a higher LBP category compared to the SART model. Importantly, MLCS2 models identified 11% of patients to have LBP ≥ 75%, whereas the SART model detected none. This group had a live birth rate of 81%. We recommend testing a larger sample of fertility centers to further evaluate MLCS model benefits and limitations.
Synthesis of Ti4Au3C3 and its derivative trilayer goldene through chemical exfoliation
Authors: Hultman Lars , Shi Yuchen , Kashiwaya Shun , Lu Jun , Dahlqvist Martin , Sangiovanni Davide , Rogoz Vladyslav , Magnuson Martin , Greczynski Grzegorz , Andersson Mike , Rosen Johanna
Published: October 2024

Achieving large two-dimensional (2D) sheets of any metal is challenging due to their tendency to coalescence or cluster into 3D shapes. Recently, single-atom-thick gold sheets, termed goldene, was reported1. Here, we raise the question if goldene can be extended to include multiple layers? The answer is yes, and trilayer goldene is the magic number, for reasons of electronegativity. Experiments are made to synthesize the atomically laminated phase Ti4Au3C3 through substitutional intercalation of Si layers in Ti4SiC3 for Au. Density functional theory calculations suggest that it is energetically favorable to insert three layers of Au into Ti4SiC3, compared to inserting a monolayer, bilayer or more than three layers. Isolated trilayer goldene sheets, ~ 100 nm wide and 6.7 Å thick, were obtained by chemically etching the Ti4C3 layers from Ti4Au3C3 nanolaminate templates. Furthermore, trilayer goldene is found in both hcp and fcc forms, where the hcp is ~ 50 meV/atom more stable at room temperature from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations.
Testing resistance of Daphnia magna in various environments
Authors: Ankous Hadil katrennada , grimes Samir
Published: October 2024

Environmental pollution is a critical threat to aquatic ecosystems, particularly in regions subjected to industrial and urban pressures. This study examines the application of Daphnia magna as a bio-indicator species for detecting pollution in various Algerian water sources, including desalination water, wastewater, oueds, and industrial effluents. The primary objective is to assess water quality at these key locations by analyzing the effects of different effluents on the life history traits of Daphnia magna. This research is essential for advancing environmental monitoring and pollution assessment, especially as anthropogenic impacts on aquatic ecosystems intensify. Addressing existing knowledge gaps, the study focuses on specific pollutants in Algerian waters and their impact on Daphnia magna. The methodology involves chronic and acute toxicity tests, offering a thorough evaluation of water quality through multiple exposure scenarios. Key findings reveal significant adverse effects of effluents, such as reduced size at first reproduction, decreased longevity, and altered reproductive parameters. These results underscore the pronounced sensitivity of Daphnia magna to pollution, reinforcing its effectiveness in environmental monitoring. The implications suggest that water quality at the studied sites is compromised, with potential consequences for broader aquatic ecosystems, emphasizing the necessity for ongoing, systematic monitoring and intervention.
Enhanced Algorithmic Convergence Analysis for Federated Low-Rank Matrix Completion
Authors: Li Chris Junchi
Published: October 2024

In this work, we explore the low-rank matrix completion (LRMC) problem, which is crucial for data science and machine learning applications. We develop and analyze a Gradient Descent-based solution, termed Alternating GD and Minimization (AltGDmin), aimed at efficiently recovering an $n \times q$ rank-$r$ matrix $\Xstar$ from a subset of its entries, particularly when $r \ll \min (n, q)$. Our theoretical guarantees, including iteration and sample complexity bounds, demonstrate that AltGDmin is not only the most communication-efficient solution in a federated setting but also one of the fastest methods available, achieving the second-best sample complexity among all iterative solutions to LRMC. Furthermore, we establish convergence results for noisy LRMC and highlight how our lemmas improve the sample complexity guarantee for AltMin, the fastest centralized solution. Overall, our findings emphasize the importance of leveraging the low-dimensional structure of data to recover missing entries and enhance predictive capabilities in matrix completion.
A Novel Unit Distribution Named As Median Based Unit Rayleigh (MBUR): Properties and Estimations
Authors: Attia Iman Mohammed
Published: October 2024

the importance of continuously emerging new distribution is a mandate to understand the world and environment surrounding us. In this paper, the author will discuss a new distribution defined on the interval (0,1) as regards the methodology of deducing its PDF, some of its properties and related functions. A simulation and real data analysis will be highlighted.
Austerity and Its Effects on Investments, Consumption, and Wages: An Analysis of Germany (2010–2014)
Authors: Houssam BOUGHABI
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates the economic impact of austerity measures in Germany during Angela Merkel's chancellorship from 2010 to 2014, focusing on their effects on public expenditures, investments, and consumption patterns. Austerity policies, implemented in response to fiscal imbalances following the global financial and Eurozone debt crises, aimed to restore economic stability. However, the contractionary effects of these measures on growth and employment have been widely debated. This study addresses a key gap in the literature by examining how austerity affected investment volatility and wage dynamics in Germany. Using an econometric model that incorporates long-memory processes and fractional integration, the paper explores the relationship between public expenditures, shrinking consumption, and wage support, and considers the role of debt financing in maintaining economic balance. The findings offer a detailed understanding of the long-term economic consequences of austerity policies, contributing to the broader discussion on fiscal consolidation and economic recovery.
JEL Classification. E62, H63, H68, C58, G32
Floods and Public Health Concerns in Uyo LGA, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Umoh Justin Imeh , Brendan Michael Peter
Published: October 2024

Flooding is a recurrent natural hazard with significant environmental and human health consequences (Afangide et al., 2018). Rising global temperatures contribute to increased heavy rainfall events, leading to overflows of rivers and inundation of land (Ekong, 2019). Floods not only damage infrastructure and displace communities but also contaminate water sources and create breeding grounds for disease vectors (Adewale, 2020).
Uyo, the capital city of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, experiences frequent flooding due to a combination of factors. Rapid urbanisation with inadequate drainage systems, coupled with poor waste disposal practices, exacerbates the problem (Adewale, 2020). The 2022 flood season in Uyo highlighted the city's vulnerability, with major roads submerged despite government interventions (AKSMH, 2022).
This study investigates the health implications of floods in Uyo LGA. We focus on the most flood-prone areas and assess the likelihood of flood-related diseases among residents. Our objectives are to identify the streets most affected by flooding in Uyo LGA and evaluate the potential for flood-induced illnesses in these streets. analyse the health impacts of flooding on residents and recommend strategies to mitigate the health consequences of floods.
The Impact of the Crisis and Sanctions on the Development of the Retail Lending Market
Authors:   Ural State University of Economics, Prokofieva Elena N. , zmaiylov Aleksey D. ,   Ural Bank for Reconstruction and Development
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of trends in the development of the retail lending market in Russia in the context of a sharp deterioration in international economic and political relations and aggravation of problems in various sectors of the financial market. The subject of the study is the economic relations arising in the process of functioning of the retail lending market. The object of research in the article is not randomly selected banking sector of the retail lending market. For decades, economists in Russia and the world have emphasized the significant socio-economic role of the retail lending market. However, at the same time, it has been repeatedly noted at various levels that an increase in the volume of lending to the population can have both positive and negative consequences. The positive aspects are the expansion of effective demand and the improvement of the quality of life of citizens. Negative results are seen in a possible decline in the standard of living of the population, due to the growth of expenses related to debt servicing. This contradiction is particularly acute in the conditions of the economic crisis. This determines the relevance of the study. The purpose of the article is to assess the factors influencing the dynamics and structure of the banking sector of the retail lending market. Based on this, the objectives of the study are not only to systematize and analyze trends in the development of the retail lending market, but also to assess the actions of the Bank of Russia in the current situation in the credit market. The correctness of the decisions taken by the banking community and the Bank of Russia, which allowed to prepare for the crisis to a certain extent and minimize the consequences of increased credit and interest rate risks, is emphasized. Assumptions are made on the nature of the functioning of the retail lending market in the short term.The study is based on a comparison of indicators of retail lending market development during periods of certain stability and sanctions. The article focuses on the effectiveness of the Bank of Russia’s application of monetary regulation methods characteristic of Keynesian theory.
In the Context of the Current Crisis in the European Security Framework: the Necessity to Redefine the Concept of International Terrorism
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Zihao Zhang
Published: October 2024

For decades, religious terrorism has been one of the most widespread forms of international terrorism and has brought countless pains to the common innocents, as well as an unprecedented challenge to the international security system. However, the nature of terrorism may change once again in the background of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict and might also raise a new shape. The new shape of terrorism is perhaps largely different from the characteristics of Islamic terrorism. It should be emphasized that in a situation where the Ukrainian government may be involved in such attacks, any counterterrorism policy in the regular sense cannot be smoothly and effectively implemented. The relevance of the research problem in this article to the issue mentioned above is greatly remarkable. The article examines the redefinition of the concept of terrorism in the context of the current crisis in the European security architecture. The current regional security crisis in Europe and the hostilities in Ukraine seem to create new forms of activity that could be considered as terrorist acts. The object of research is the concept of terrorism. The subject of the study is the impact of the redefining the notion of the term “terrorism” on the national security of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to understand whether the concept of terrorism should be adjusted or reconstructed at the present time in accordance with specific security threats or events during the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, as well as to consider options for possible conceptual reconstruction. Research methods. The author has used conceptual analysis, document analysis, and case studies for his research. As a result of the study, it is revealed that it is necessary to remake the notion of the term “terrorism” for Russia since Kiev’s actions in the Russian-Ukrainian conflict have changed the prevalently known form of terrorist activity. This requires a great number of arguments to prove that Kiev’s extreme behaviors relate to terrorist acts. The reason is that at the current stage, the difference between terrorist incident, armed conflict, and war has become extremely blurred. Thus, in the face of the current security situation, Russia is urgently needed to carefully and timely remake the concept of terrorism in the field of international security studies.
Results of the use of Geophysical Data to Search for Promising Areas of Fossil Fuel Resources on the Territory of the East Siberian Giant Mantle Plume
Authors:   Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation of RAS, Kharitonov Andrei L.
Published: October 2024

The object of research of the article is the territory of the East Siberian geocon. The subject of the article is deposits of combustible minerals. The purpose of the article is to show the presence of a certain spatial relationship in the location of oil, gas, and coal deposits with the location of tectonic concentric structures fixed on the Earth’s surface by satellite data on the territory of the East Siberian region (East Siberian Geocon). A separate task of the article is an attempt to separate all tectonic concentric structures by diametrical dimensions, geological age of formation of rocks of their crystalline basement and the relationship of these structures with deposits of combustible minerals. As methods, methods of decoding satellite images and aeromagnetic methods were used to isolate tectonic concentric structures in the relief of surface and deeper layers of the Earth. The methodology of the search for deposits of combustible minerals is associated with the spatial and deep interrelation of tectonic concentric structures and the ancient mantle plumes forming them – sources of degassing of hydrocarbon fluids. As a result, a system of classification of spatial dimensions of all major types of tectonic concentric structures was developed based on numerous statistical measurements. In particular, it has been revealed that certain types of mineral deposits are confined to tectonic concentric structures. As an area of application, it can be assumed that the peripheral spatial location of large oil, gas, bitumen, and coal deposits is predicted relative to the central part of the Precambrian mantle plumes of the East Siberian region, forming tectonic concentric structures similar to the Kureyskoy and Enisey-Khatangskoy tectonic concentric structures, where oil and gas fields are concentrated and the Nizhne-Tungusskoy tectonic concentric structure, where coal deposits are concentrated.
Digital ineQuality in the EU Through the Prism of EU Member States’ Strategies and Their Position in International Rankings
Authors:   Russian Peoples’ Friendship University, Tislenko Maria I. , Kholina Veronika N. ,   Russian Peoples’ Friendship University
Published: October 2024

This article analyzes the spatial aspects of the digital inequality in the EU and its impact on the competitiveness of its members. The object of the study is the strategic planning documents of the EU countries in the context of the digital inclusion/inclusion stimulation agenda. The subject of the research is the digital inequality of the EU countries through the prism of their positions in the international ratings of digitalization and competitiveness. The aim of the study is to assess the relationship between the target indicators of digitalization level in the national strategies of the EU countries (in the aspect of reducing the digital divide between countries) and their competitiveness, which is assessed through the positions of countries in the international rankings of the World Economic Forum and the Institute for Management Development. The objectives of the study included the development of criteria and approaches for the analysis of strategic planning documents of EU countries; analysis of digital transformation strategies and economic recovery and resilience plans of EU countries for the place of the agenda to combat the digital divide / stimulate digital equality, as well as comparing the obtained evaluations of strategies with international benchmarks of competitiveness and digital transformation. The results of the study showed that the digital divide agenda has the highest priority in Ireland, Luxembourg and France. In addition, the author’s classification of the digital competitiveness of the EU countries, considering the policies to promote digital equality, was formed, according to which the most competitive countries in terms of digitalization are Denmark, the Netherlands and Ireland, and the least competitive are Slovakia, Hungary and Croatia. Thus, the hypothesis was confirmed: the more competitive EU countries prioritize the agenda of combating the digital divide more than the “catching up” EU members in terms of competitiveness. Moreover, the four groups of countries in the EU identified according to the classification confirm the idea of imbalances within the EU along the north-west-south-east lines, with the exceptions being Austria, Portugal and Estonia.
Experience and Significance of the System Analysis in Identifying and Solving Problems of Retail Trade Development in the Sverdlovsk Region
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Voronov Nikita D. , Baranova Olga A. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: October 2024

The state of retail trade, including the current level and dynamics of prices, the structure and abundance of the assortment, the territorial proximity of retail outlets to customers and the quality of the products offered, determines the availability of consumer goods for the population, having a huge impact on the standard of living of citizens. The territorial security of the population with trade enterprises and the optimal ratio of the cost of goods to the level of income of buyers are one of the fundamental conditions for socio-political stability and sustainable economic development of any region. The article is devoted to the study of the retail trade features in the Sverdlovsk region and the identification of trends in its development in the context of import substitution and restructuring of logistics supply chains. The study substantiates the possibility of using system analysis in studying the development trends of the retail market in a particular region, which differs in features of economic development, geographical location, and volatile consumer behavior. The use of this method has made it possible to solve the tasks set (identifying the key components of the retail trade system; determining the regional retail trade factors and their significance; identifying the prospects for the development of the regional retail trade market) and presenting the retail trade of the Sverdlovsk region as a system of many structural elements, management levels, internal and external relationships. The article contains a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the parameters of the retail trade development in the Sverdlovsk region and the internal and external factors affecting it. The current development trends and directions of retail transformation, their impact on the market of the Sverdlovsk region are analyzed, taking into account regional specifics. The key problems of the retail trade development in the Sverdlovsk region are formulated and highlighted: territorial differentiation of retail chains, pressure from federal retail chains and a reduction in trade carried out by local small and medium-sized businesses, a shortage of personnel, poor quality of retail space, etc.
Formation of Iron Metallurgy of the Baikal Region on the Basis of Innovative Solutions
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Rogov Viktor Yu.
Published: October 2024

The development of the Baikal region as an economic system involves the formation of a machine-building complex with developed cooperation. The purpose of the study is to determine the stages of evolution and territorial structure of the metallurgical complex of the Baikal region. The objectives of the study are to determine the modern directions of development of non–domed technologies in relation to the resource and transport – spatial features of the Baikal region; to identify priority areas (projects) for the creation of metallurgical industries, taking into account the prospects for the construction of railway tracks to the deposits; determination of basic approaches to changing the institutional and economic mechanisms for the development of iron ore resources and the formation of a regional metallurgical complex. Taking into account the remoteness of the region from metallurgical bases and the dispersal of industrial centers, it is necessary to create our own metallurgical base from several enterprises based on the resources of large and unique deposits of iron ore and coal. The most effective from an economic and environmental point of view are blast-furnace technologies for producing pig iron, without the use of expensive coke. In the city of Petrovsk-Zabaikalsky, it is advisable to recreate the production of steel using the resources of magnetite concentrate obtained at the Bystrinsky mining and processing plant, magnetite ores from Eastern Buryatia and coal from the Zashulanskoye deposit. Based on the resources of the Berezovsky deposit of siderites and coals of the South Argun coal-bearing region, it is necessary to organize metallurgical production near the deposit. In the Irkutsk region, near the city of Bratsk, on brown coal of the Abanskoye deposit of the Kansk-Achinsk basin, imported magnetite ore of the Chara group of deposits and/or the largest in Siberia Chineyskoye titanium magnetite deposit, it is possible to create a powerful metallurgical complex, including the production of ferroalloys and steel-rolling production; in the area of the city of Ust-Ilimsk – on the basis of the resources of magnetites of the Angara-Kat group and coals of the Zheronsky deposit; in the Tulunsky region – on the basis of a large Ishideysky coal deposit and the Beloziminsky occurrence of magnetites alloyed with niobium and tantalum.
Extraction of Gold and Silver from the Charge of Mining Waste
Authors:   Transbaikal  State  University, Shumilova Lidiya V. , Khatkova lisa N. ,   Transbaikal  State  University, Razmakhnin Konstantin K. ,   Transbaikal  State  University, Prostakishin Mikhail F. ,   Transbaikal  State  University
Published: October 2024

The development of cryogeotechnology for heap leaching of gold from waste from mining and mining processing enterprises in order to control the movement of mineral mass at all stages of the life cycle of the enterprise is an urgent scientific task. The purpose of the study is to develop a technology for year-round processing of man-made waste from a mining enterprise with the use of intensification methods. Research objectives are as follows: 1) chemical analysis of the initial sample charge consisting of off-balance ore from the “Talatuy” deposit (TP sample-1-22-H) and ZIF tails (TP test-2-22- X) by size classes; 2) selection of the optimal fraction of the charge of TP samples-1-22- Z and TP-2-22; 3) testing in a percolation column (the classic KV method); 4) chemical analysis of leaching cakes of the charge of TP samples-1-22-Z and TP-2-22-X by size classes; 5) development and testing in laboratory conditions of the technological scheme of year-round extraction of gold from the charge of mining waste mining and processing enterprises using intensive methods. The study has been carried out in two stages: the first stage is the classical method of KV granules obtained as a result of pelletizing off–balance ore and stale tailings (an analogue for comparison); the second stage is the method of KV granules, using the processes of disintegration of sulfide minerals with encapsulated inclusions of gold by fine grinding and oxidation. A technological scheme for extracting gold from the waste charge of mining and processing enterprises has been developed and tested in laboratory conditions, consisting of the following operations: grinding of stale tailings up to 90 % of class minus 0.071 mm with the addition of lead gleta as an oxidizer; 2) preparation (activation) of a leaching solution of NaCN + ozone; 3) pelletizing of granules consisting of from the charge (20 % off-balance ore and 80 % of stale tailings); 4) leaching of gold by cyanidation in a percolation column. The developed technology makes it possible to carry out leaching year-round, increase gold extraction by 9.3 % (from 75.1 to 84.4 %), gradually reduce the sources of man-made hazards and solve the problems of the gold mining industry.
TRANSFORMER BASED ATTENTION GUIDED NETWORK FOR SEGMENTATION AND HYBRID NETWORK FOR CLASSIFICATION OF LIVER TUMOR FROM CT SCAN IMAGES
Authors: Stephe S. , Kumar Santosh B , Thirumalraj Arunadevi , Dzhyvak Volodymyr
Published: October 2024

When a liver disease causes changes in the image's pixel quality, an ultrasonic filter can identify these changes as potential indicators of cancer. An ultrasonic filter may detect changes in the quality of an image's pixels based on the state of the liver, which are indicators of the closeness of malignant development. It is possible that alcohol, rather than liver disease, is the cause of cirrhosis because such alterations are more prevalent in alcoholic liver diseases. Current 2D ultrasound data sets have an accuracy degree of 85.9%, whereas a 2D CT data set has an accuracy rating of 91.02%.
This work presents TAGN, a new Transformer-based Attention Guided Network that aims to improve the semantical segmentation architecture's performance through a combination of multi-level assembly. In order to efficiently learn the non-local interactions among encoder characteristics, TAGN incorporates the self-aware attention (SAA) element with Transformer Self Attention (TSA) besides Global Spatial Attention (GSA), which are inspired by Transformer. In addition, the work aggregates the upsampled features with distinct semantic scales by using extra multi-scale skip connections across decoder blocks. By doing so, the capacity to produce discriminative features from multi-scale context information is enhanced.
For the purpose of reliable and accurate liver tumor classification using segmented pictures, this study suggests a system that integrates a Vision with a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). By analyzing the input image, the ViT finds important characteristics, and the GRU finds obvious relationships between them. Іn the experimental analysis of the projected ViT-GRU model achieved a recall rate of 95.21, accuracy as a 97.57, precision of 95.62, specificity of 98.33, and an f-score of 95.88. Based on segmentation and classification analyses performed on publically accessible datasets, the suggested classifier achieved a total accuracy of 98.79% in the experiments. When used optimally, the suggested strategy improves the accuracy of liver tumor diagnoses by medical professionals.
Automatic Optimal Design Method for Minimum Total Resistance Hull Based on Enhanced FFD Method
Authors:   College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, 201306, China, Guo Shuhui , Zhang Baoji , Tian Zheng , Liu Jie , Tang Hailin ,   Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, 201306, China
Published: October 2024

Hull optimization plays a crucial role in enhancing ship performance and efficiency. This study aimed to improve ship performance, particularly by reducing total resistance, through automated optimization methods. To this end, an integrated, fully automated optimization program was developed based on Python, incorporating Enhanced Free-Form Deformation (FFD) technology, scripted CFD numerical evaluation, and the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. This program allowed precise control of hull form, improving efficiency while reducing costs. The KCS hull, known for its excellent resistance performance, was chosen as the optimization target, with the goal of minimizing total resistance by adjusting the bulbous bow line plan. The research results indicated that the optimized scheme exhibited lower resistance characteristics compared to the original design while satisfying design constraints. This study not only provides a new optimization strategy for ship design but also lays a foundation for future hull optimization research.
Developing Data Mining Prediction System for Health Center Medicine Inventory using Naïve Bayes Classifier Algorithm
Authors: Roziana Roziana , Widodo Aris Puji , Wibowo Adi
Published: October 2024

Public health centers mostly use conventional methods in managing drug supply, usage, and demand data, without a system that can predict the number of drug requests. This research aims to develop a data mining solution by implementing a prediction system using the Naïve Bayes Classifier algorithm to predict drug supplies from the Koni Health Center, Jambi, to the Health Office Pharmacy Installation. The method applied in this research is a quantitative approach through the experimental method. The research data includes inventory, usage, and remaining stock of various types of drugs from 2017 to 2021 which are divided into four quarters. The results of this study show that the classification system using the Naïve Bayes Classifier method is able to classify data quickly and efficiently according to drug supply. The system test results show an accuracy of 73.91%, recall of 85.71%, and precision of 54.54%. These findings can help Puskesmas in optimizing drug inventory management, reducing errors in inventory estimates, and increasing accuracy in meeting patient drug requests.
Evaluasi Pengalaman Pengguna Pada Learning Management System Menggunakan Metode User Experience Questionnaire
Authors: Leandros Riyan , Wijanarko Bambang Dwi , Murad Dina Ftiria
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to conduct a survey to assess the performance of the Learning Management System (LMS). This is done related to the need to evaluate its use by users. This study used the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) method regarding (1) attractiveness, (2) clarity, (3) efficiency, (4) reliability, (5) stimulation, and (6) novelty. The survey was conducted online via a Google form and had 164 participants. The benchmark results show that all criteria are above the average, but the UEQ scale for novelty is the lowest at 0.87, while attractiveness is 1.44, pragmatic quality is 1.37, and hedonic quality is 1.05. Therefore, it is suggested that the learning management system be improved through interactive learning styles, such as live discussions in LMS, integration with other technologies, updating artificial intelligence and big data-based technologies, and adapting to the metaverse, while maintaining the attractiveness and identity of the platform through design. rework color schemes, content, including engaging videos and gamification, and implement live chat with lecturers to overcome time constraints during video conferencing.
About the portrait of an unknown officer from the collection of the State Historical Museum
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Matrosov Alexander E. , Metelkin Evgeniy N. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2024

The study of history, as you know, involves turning to narrative sources — folklore, chronicles, memoirs, etc. Such sources are taken into account and serve, as a rule, as additional material, since they are not free from a subjective view. Thus, artistic images have not only cultural value, but can also act as a narrative source, since they carry a significant part of the conventions (transmission of shapes, colors, detail). The author of the portrait, like the writer, invests the subjective, but at the same time he impartially transfers to the canvas what helps careful research to see in minor details the origins of important consequences. The appearance of photography has significantly reduced the subjective in the image. The photographer is deprived (for the most part) of the opportunity to add something from himself, he only chooses the moment, becomes an intermediary, a guide to the past. A sufficient number of photographic images have come down to our days, and a significant part of them carries a story that only needs to be solved. The article is devoted to the study of a photo portrait depicting a previously unknown officer. Based on the principles of a systematic approach and a historical-subject method, the authors carried out the attribution of the portrait of an unknown oberst-lieutenant from the collection of the State Historical Museum. In the article, the authors have established an approximate period of time for the creation of the studied photoportrait, created in the period from 1878 to 1882. The result of the study was the introduction into scientific circulation of a previously unknown photo portrait of cavalry General Friedrich Eugen Johan, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. The authors’ reading of each element of the portrait helped to choose the right direction of research, in which each element became the key to successful attribution. The authors note that the full name and identity of the identified officer can be verified on the basis of a portrait stored in the collection of images of the World Biographical Encyclopedia.
Museum as a transmedia instrument
Authors:   Center for System Analysis and Strategic Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Krasnova Evgenia L.
Published: October 2024

The concept of transmedia has gradually “merged” into the modern cultural space and the field of other industries, expanding the possibilities for generating and broadcasting public content. Every day, hundreds of publications are created on various channels that carry a lot of meanings, gaining thousands of likes and views, plunging into the minds of their users and forcing them to follow the story and its heroes. The modern museum is not only actively involved in the process of broadcasting information through various media, but has also become an independent tool of the transmedia world. The purpose of this article is to define the museum as one of the possible media channels or tools for the transfer of historical knowledge, popularization of digital heritage, communication, on the one hand, and an independent object that uses a variety of formats and resources to create and broadcast its own content, on the other. It is appropriate to mention such a concept as “museum storytelling”, which is seen as the art of captivating storytelling using various techniques used in museum practice with the help of special media. In this regard, we identify several components of museum storytelling: first, the presence of a narrative, which becomes the core of the interaction between the museum and its audience; second, the use of a variety of formats, means, channels and forms for the creation and broadcasting of museum narrative; and the third is the participation of the audience in the process of creating and broadcasting media content. Thus, the museum acquires the role of an intermediary, a mediator of socially significant contexts, including them in everyday life and human interests, modeling historical reality and broadcasting new accents of mass culture.
diablo en sus infiernos
Authors: Sánchez Godínez Jesús Antonio
Published: October 2024

El diablo en sus infiernos es una obra coordinada por María Jesús Zamora Calvo, la cual nos lleva a explorar la evolución del Diablo en la cultura occidental, particularmente en el contexto hispano, a través de representaciones medievales, modernas y contemporáneas. Reúne los ensayos de catorce investigadores que analizan la presencia del demonio en un infierno que se extiende a terrenos legales, artísticos, históricos, antropológicos y fílmicos; convirtiéndose de esta manera, en varios infiernos.
Effect of ammonia gas on poultry litter contaminated with Eimeria spp.
Authors: da Rosa Cássio , Pinheiro do Nascimento Vladimir , Variani Pasqualotto Cristiane , Beatriz Rodrigues Laura , Daroit Luciane , Pilotto Fernando
Published: October 2024

Avian coccidiosis is a common disease that affects poultry worldwide. The practices used to control this pathology in poultry are based mainly on the use of antimicrobials, which have generated increased resistance of Eimeria and other microorganisms. Research is therefore needed to devise new control models and strategies. The objective of our research was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of ammonia gas on poultry litter artificially contaminated with unsporulated Eimeria spp. oocysts. Samples of sterilized poultry litter were placed in containers artificially contaminated with unsporulated Eimeria spp. oocysts. Samples were placed in plastic bags and ammonia gas was injected in concentrations of 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8%, 1% and 1.2%. The tested dosages of ammonia gas inhibited the sporulation of oocysts in poultry litter by 100%. Our study indicates that ammonia gas is efficient in eliminating Eimeria spp. in poultry litter at concentrations equal to or higher than 0.2% after one hour of exposure. These results are promising because, through the use of the bedding disinfection method (shallow fermentation with ammonia injection) it will be possible to eliminate field oocysts, improving the result of coccidiosis vaccines.
Eco-friendly synthesis of silica nanoparticles and their applications
Authors: Ostapchuk Gabriel O.
Published: October 2024

Since their discovery, silica nanoparticles have become valuable materials with wide-ranging applications in biomedicine, catalysis, and environmental remediation. Their properties, including high surface area, variable pore size, surface reactivity, stability, and low toxicity, make them attractive for several fields. Methods such as laser ablation and sol-gel synthesis, which encompass both physical and chemical processes, can be employed for their synthesis. However, these conventional approaches have drawbacks, including the use of dangerous chemical and costly procedures, which can lead to biological and environmental concerns. Growing demand has been observed in recent years for eco-friendly synthesis of silica nanoparticles which is economically-viable, safe, reliable, scalable, and enables control over particle size distribution. Green synthesis methods have gained importance owing to their ability to minimize the adverse effects associated with conventional approaches. The key advantage of these sustainable strategies is the absence of harmful byproducts throughout the synthesis. Utilizing biological, renewable, and sustainable resources, green strategies offer simple and cost-effective routes for producing silica nanoparticles, removing or decreasing the need for complex and time-consuming procedures. This chapter discusses various green synthesis approaches for obtaining silica nanoparticles and explores their applications. The utilization of green methods promotes the sustainable production of silica nanoparticles and advances the field of green nanotechnology.
Ti-based nanomaterials and their potent applications
Authors: Shrivastava Alpa
Published: October 2024

Nanoparticles (NPs) have become center point of interest for researchers all over the world because of its enthralling properties and wide range of application in various fields such as chemical energy, healthcare industry, cosmetic industry etc. Titanium is a transition metal which is non-toxic, economical, biologically inactive, chemically inert, having large surface area, good catalytic activity and great absorption capacity in the near-IR region. Therefore, areas of applications and new possibilities are increasing. At nanoscale we can exploit physical properties different than macroscale Titanium. Green synthesized Ti-based NPs research is gaining momentum as better pollution free alternative. This review will focus on methods of preparation, characteristics, application, benefits and challenges in use of Ti-based NMs in different fields.
Bioinspired zinc-based nanomaterials: Synthesis, biomedical, environmental and agricultural applications
Authors: Bhilkar P.R.
Published: October 2024

Metal-based nanomaterials play a vital role in the progress of solid-state nanomaterial science as they have numerous benefits in various areas of human life from health sciences to nanotechnology. Specially, Zinc-based nanomaterials (Zn-based NMs) drawn the attention worldwide due to their biocompatible, sustainable, and economical nature. Zn-based NMs have been widely used in various sectors viz., biomedical, clinical, semiconductors, photoluminescence, photocatalysis, agriculture, water treatment and many more because of their high surface area, excellent porosity, stability, scaffold morphology, good optical and electrochemical property. Because of this they can emerge as potential material in a variety of potential fields such as optics, biomedicine and environment. Since, many conventional routes have been used to synthesize Zn-based NMs, however, biogenic approaches are widely employed recently. By keeping this scenario in mind, the present chapter focuses on biogenic synthesis of Zn-based NMs with their excellent properties and its utility in biomedical, environmental and agriculture sector.
Synthesis and applications of nickel-based nanomaterials
Authors: Dhakal Chiranjibi
Published: October 2024

Nanoparticles (NPs), due to their small size, exhibit unique and enhanced properties compared to bulk materials possessing potential applications in energy conversion technology, catalysis, environmental remediation, technological advancements, medicine, etc. In this chapter, we discuss the synthesis process of Nickel NPs (Ni-NPs) and nickel-based nanomaterials. The basic synthetic technique considering the bottom-up approach and top-down approach are discussed. ‘Green’ synthesis of Ni-NPs production is the central focus of the study because it promotes sustainability, enhances biocompatibility, and supports safer and more cost-effective methods. The extracts obtained from different parts of plants (such as Ocimum sanctum, Medicago sativa, Azadirachta Psidium guajava, etc.) are used for the biosynthesis of nickel-based NMs. It has been found that biosynthesized Ni-NPs constitute a broad spectrum of applications in antimicrobial, antileishmanial, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic activity, drug delivery, battery electrodes, wastewater management, and biosensors. Strategies are still to be developed to overcome the issues of disparity in particle size, stability, shapes, and nanoparticle yield.
GO/rGO doped metal chalcogenide (CoSe, NiSe, and MnSe) nanocomposites for symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitors for energy storage applications
Authors: Ramesh V.
Published: October 2024

The scientific community is continually focusing on creating suitable energy storage devices and renewable energy conversion methods due to the growing demand for energy and the quick depletion of fossil fuels. Supercapacitors (SCs) are appealing energy storage devices with high power-density (Pd), good reversibility, and great cycle stability. They are a promising technology. Carbon-based materials like graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanosheets, carbon aerogel, and activated nanoporous carbon are used in these capacitors to store energy appropriately. Moreover, the metal chalcogenides (MCs) are a class of semiconducting materials that exhibit excellent electrical conductivity and possess a high theoretical specific capacitance. Because of their electrical and size-tuneable qualities throughout the manufacturing process, they have drawn the interest of researchers trying to increase electrochemical performance. Due to their distinct physical and chemical features, metal chalcogenides (MCs), sulfides, and selenides are highly regarded as promising candidates.
Recent advances in the electrode materials for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reactions
Authors: Bavani Thirugnanam
Published: October 2024

The innovative design of electrodes has had a profound impact on the improvement of electrocatalysts for water splitting, paving the way for feasible energy production and hydrogen creation through direct water electrolysis. Electrochemical hydrogen evolution is pivotal for efficient, cost-effective hydrogen generation, yet attaining highly active catalysts with low overpotential (OVP) using affordable materials remains challenging. This chapter assesses diverse electrode materials' influence and delves into current HER process understanding. It also discusses general electrocatalyst design concepts and compiles recent advances in HER electrocatalyst development. Finally, the chapter offers perspectives on potential directions for future research in this field.