bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards the Triad of Digital Literacy, Data Literacy and AI Literacy in Teacher Education – A Discussion in Light of the Accessibility of Novel Generative AI
Authors: Kreinsen Moritz , Schulz Sandra
Published: March 2023

The training of future-relevant competencies – so called Future Skills or 21st Century Skills – is currently moving to the center of the educational discourse in light of increasing technological developments and accessibility of AI systems, e.g. ChatGPT. It is our view that bringing together, thinking about and promoting Digital-, Data- and AI literacy in teaching is a major concern of future education. We focus in particular on teacher education, since teachers have a dual role: on the one hand, pre-service teachers are also learners who must first develop the appropriate competencies themselves, and on the other hand, they are multipliers as teachers in schools who must impart the appropriate competencies. Particularly in the context of novel generative AI systems and large language models, it is important to take a holistic and critical-reflective look at them from a technological, socio-cultural and user-oriented perspective.
Concepciones acerca del pensamiento crítico en la enseñanza primaria y secundaria. Una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Uribe-Hincapié Richard , Gutiérrez-Ríos Mirta
Published: March 2023

Introduction: critical thinking has become a fundamental notion of educational policies and discourses, to such an extent that its presence is unquestionable. However, its conception is multifaceted along with its training and evaluation practices. Objective: to analyze various conceptions of critical thinking in primary and secondary education, in order to determine its characteristics, its primordial features and the ways in which it is understood and formed. Methodology: a systematic review was carried out, considering 60 investigations published worldwide between 2017 and 2022, in the Scopus and Dimensions databases, using eligibility criteria whose central search category was critical thinking in relation to primary and secondary education. Results: an education based on critical thinking has a positive impact on school interactions and on student training processes; In addition, the possibility of integrating the conceptions of critical thinking can favor educational processes. Conclusion: the heterogeneous conceptions of critical thinking in primary and secondary education can contribute to its understanding and training and evaluation practices, when thought in situated terms. Training in critical thinking is cardinal today, especially because of its importance in education for the twenty-first century and its possibility to develop both ways of thinking and autonomous, critical and ethical behaviors.
Plagio a la Inteligencia Artificial en estudiantes de bachillerato: un problema real
Authors: Díaz-Arce Dariel
Published: March 2023

The development of artificial intelligence applications is raising alarms in the educational and professional community. Its potential to paraphrase or write texts make it very tempting to commit dishonest actions. Being a relatively current topic, there are no works that investigate the frequency and uses that students give to these tools in the educational field. The objective of this work was to explore the frequency and perceptions of use of this type of software in high school students of an educational institution. The research was non-experimental and of an exploratory-descriptive nature. The sample consisted of 83 high school students. The survey was used as techniques and the questionnaire as instruments. The results show that more than 62.9% of the students have used these tools to paraphrase and 4.8% to write complete essays, during the course. Most of them positively perceive their use, depending on different factors, but especially their lack of knowledge of what plagiarism is, as well as their poor academic writing skills. More in-depth studies are required to investigate the real frequency of this problem and how to prevent or detect it.
Türkiye’de Farklı Gelişmişlik Düzeyine Sahip Kentlerin Döngüsellik Durumu: Katı Atıklar Üzerinden Bir İnceleme
Authors: NEGİZ Nilüfer , YALÇIN Özkan
Published: March 2023

Tarih boyunca sosyal ve ekonomik yapının evrimine bağlı olarak kentler sermaye üretiminin merkezinde yer almışlardır. Ancak kentler, bu üretim bağlantılarını korurken, kapitalizm ve doğrusal ekonomik modelin getirdiği kaynak kullanımı ve atık sorunuyla uğraşmak zorunda kalmışlardır. 1970'lerde çevresel ve ekolojik sorunların artmasıyla birlikte, çevreyi ve doğal kaynakları göz ardı eden, doğrusal ekonomik model yerine ‘yap-kullan-geri kazan’ ilkelerine dayanan daha çevre dostu döngüsel bir ekonomik model geliştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’deki farklı gelişmişlik düzeyine sahip olan kentlerin döngüsellik durumunun tespit edilmesi ve kentlerin gelişmişlik düzeyi ile döngüsellik durumları arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılmasıdır. Henüz genel geçer resmi verilerin bulunmaması, genel kabul görmüş bir metodolojik yöntemin olmaması ve konunun yeni olmasından dolayı çalışma ‘keşfedici araştırma’ olarak tasarlanmış ve derinlemesine istatiksel analizler yapılmamıştır. Çalışmada, uluslararası düzeyde karşılaştırmaya olanak sağlayan nicel araştırma tekniklerini kullanan bir hesaplama yaklaşımı uygulanmıştır. Bu hesaplama yöntemine göre döngüsellik oranı; ilgili ölçüm dönemi içerisinde döngüsel malzemelerin yani geri kazanılmış kaynakların, o yıl ekonomiye giren toplam malzemelere oranıdır. Araştırmanın evreni olarak Türkiye’de doğrusal ekonomik model çerçevesinde üretim ve tüketim ilişkilerini gerçekleştiren herhangi bir kent örnek olarak belirlenip araştırmaya dahil edilebilecek iken; çalışmada ‘amaçlı tabakalı örnekleme’ yöntemi benimsenerek, araştırma konusu açısından farklı gelişmişlik düzeyine sahip İzmir, Aydın, Gaziantep, Malatya, Ordu ve Şanlıurfa kentleri örneklem olarak seçilmiş ve bu kentlerde katı atık için döngüsellik oranları hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda kentlerin döngüsellik oranı İzmir’in %0,76; Aydın’ın %0,41; Gaziantep’in %0,32; Malatya’nın %0,32; Ordu’nun %0,46 ve Şanlıurfa’nın %0,21 olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, kentlerin gelişmişlik düzeyleri ile katı atıkların döngüsellik oranları arasında doğrusal bir ilişkinin olmadığı görülmüştür.
Investigation of the Effect of Long-Term Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution on Deaths in Konya with AirQ+ Software
Authors: FİLİZ Emel
Published: March 2023

Outdoor air pollution is one of the biggest environmental risks to public health and a problem that affects everyone in low-, middle- and high-income countries. Particulate matter (PM) is a common air pollutant consisting of a mixture of solid and liquid particles suspended in the air. PM2.5 and PM10 are the most common and are health related. The World Health Organization declared Particulate Matter (PM) as a carcinogen in 2013. The aim of this study was to calculate how much of the adult deaths aged 30 and over in Konya can be attributed to outdoor air pollution caused by PM2.5 pollutant. AirQ+ software was used to calculate the cases of deaths attributed to PM10 and PM2.5. The results show that 2163 premature deaths in 2017, 1582 in 2018 and 1278 in 2019 from long-term exposure to PM2.5 could be prevented if the PM2.5 concentration in the region does not exceed the recommended threshold of 10 µg/m3. Air pollution level is quite high in Konya. In the calculation made using AirQ+ software, the death rate attributable to air pollution in the population aged 30 and over was high, similar to previous studies in Turkey. The findings show that many premature deaths can be prevented by preventing air pollution.
Literary Traditions and Tricks of Technology: Configuration of Literary
Authors:   جامعة الملك عبد العزيز, zahrani Adel
Published: March 2023

This study attempts to analyze the complex relationship between literary phenomena and products of modern technology; particularly new channels of social media. The mass development of communicational technology has recently provided new and serious challenges to literary arts, which led writers and critics to rethink some of the literary principles and review their writing strategies, to adapt to the nature of technological inventions dominating this era. The research addresses this issue by focusing on social media, Twitter in particular; Twitter is a socio-cultural phenomenon that basically depends on ‘written words’, with new concepts in regard to writing space, styles of presenting texts, and ways of interaction with readers. The study begins by tracing the historical relationship between the machine and literature. This relationship witnessed a dramatic twist in the era of postmodernism where technology plays a central role, especially with the emergence of social media. The paper shows that Twitter adds new dimensions to concepts of writing, text, and literary interaction. It also contributes to literary lexicon, helps to market literature, and encourages people to write and publish literary works. One of this study’s aims is to find out whether it is possible to talk about the birth of a new literary genre called ‘literary Tweetting’, as a result of the relationship between literature, the well-established institution, and Twitter, the widely-expanded and interactive channel.
Pendidikan Multikultural Sebagai Preventif Ideologi Radikalisme di Kalangan Santri Madrasah
Authors: Mahmudah Mahmudah , Noor Tamjid
Published: March 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui model pendidikan, nilai-nilai, dan implementasi nilai-nilai multicultural di kalangan santri di Kalimantan Selatan. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian lapangan (Field Research) dengan memanfaatkan teknik subjektif (kualitatif). Nilai-nilai multikultural yang diinternalisasikan dan diimplementasi di kalangan santri adalah nilai-nilai yang sudah ditanamkan semenjak santri menginjakkan kaki di pondok pesantren, nilai-nilai tersebut adalah: nilai saling menghormati, nilai toleransi, nilai keadilan, nilai solidaritas, serta nilai kekeluargaan. Pendidikan Pesantren di Kalimantan Selatan mengajarkan kepada para santri tingkat madrasah diniyah awal untuk belajar menerima perbedaan yang datang dari luar dengan dikumpulkanya orang-orang dari luar daerah dan berbeda suku ras dan Bahasa dengan mereka dalam satu wadah Pendidikan baik saat kegiatan belajar maupun aktivitas. Pendidikan pesantren juga memunculkan karakter kebhinekaan global yang mencintai tradisi dan budaya tradisional, bisa menghargai tradisi dan budaya orang lain, bisa berkomunikasi dan bekerja sama dengan baik saat berinteraksi dengan orang lain dari tempat atau kalangan mana saja, bisa melakukan permenungan atas perbedaan dan memaknainya secara positif untuk membangun persaudaraan, dan selalu mengupayakan terciptanya perdamaian dan keharmonisan sosial
Analisis Pengembangan Bisnis Model Microgrid untuk Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik dalam Mencapai Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan pada Kawasan Wisata Geopark
Authors: Suryanti Irma , Setiawan Eko Adhi
Published: March 2023

Sebagai salah satu negara yang kaya akan sumber geologi, Indonesia memiliki 6 kawasan UNESCO Global Geopark (UGGp), 16 geopark nasional, dan beberapa wilayah potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai geopark. Sejalan dengan tujuan pengembangan kawasan geopark, penyediaan listrik pada kawasan tersebut juga harus dilakukan memperhatikan sasaran pembangunan berkelanjutan, ramah lingkungan dan keterlibatan masyarakat didalamnya, salah satunya yaitu melalui penyediaan listrik dengan skema microgrid. Dalam pengaplikasian skema microgrid tersebut diperlukan suatu bisnis model dan kebijakan yang mendukung pengembangan, sampai saat ini di Indonesia belum ada bisnis model dan kebijakan yang secara khusus mengatur pengembangan microgrid. Jurnal ini mereview aspek- aspek bisnis model microgrid berdasarkan parameter dan elemen pada bisnis model canvas, yaitu salah satu bisnis model yang banyak digunakan pada pengembangan smartgrid. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukan bahwa terdapat keterlibatan berbagai pihak dalam pengembangan bisnis model microgrid tersebut, seperti pembuat kebijakan, pendanaan, penghasil tenaga listrik, pelaksana operasional dan pemeliharaan, pengelola kawasan geopark/ wisata, serta prosumer.
Reformasi Pendidikan Muhammadiyah di Indonesia
Authors: Khosin Khamam
Published: March 2023

Di dalam pendidikan Islam telah menunjukkan kepada kita bahwa sejak perkembangan Islam, pendidikan mendapat prioritas utama masyarakat muslim Indonesia. Hal ini pula yang mendasari dan memotivasi untuk membentuk lembaga atau wadah organisasi keagamaan sebagai upaya untuk melaksanakan ajaran Islam dan mencerdaskan bangsa, serta tetap menjaga loyalitas pada Negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui analisis reformasi pendidikan muhamadiyah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengeksplorasi jurnal, buku dan informasi lain yang relevan dengan kajian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Muhammadiyah merupakan sebuah organisasi sosial keagamaan yang memberikan perhatian pada pendidikan. Muhammadiyah berdiri disebabkan oleh kuatnya ideologi Islam yang dianggap sebagai satu-satunya jalan yang dapat merubah situasi dan kondisi masyarakat Indonesia yang mengalami penjajahan, penyiksaan, penindasan, serta kebodohan. Untuk dapat merubahnya, maka perlu lembaga pendidikan yang dapat menempatkan nilai-nilai agama sebagai sumber utamanya.
Analisis Inflasi dengan Pendekatan Kurva Philips di Provinsi Aceh
Authors: Rahmawati Tri Puspita , Fitrawaty Fitrawaty , Rahmadana Muhammad Fitri
Published: March 2023

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah Pada tahun 2020 saat terjadi gejolak perekonomian global inflasi Indonesia cendrung stabil di bandingkan dengan tingkat inflasi Provinsi yang mengalami peningkatan dan tingkat Pengangguran di provinsi Aceh cendrung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tingkat pengangguran di Indonesia pada priode 2011- 2021. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan trade off antara inflasi dan tingkat pengangguran di Provinsi Aceh serta faktor lain yang mempengaruhi inflasi di Provinsi Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan data time series tahun 1988-2021 dengan model analisis Vector Error Correlation Model (VECM). Hasil penelitian ini adalah Dalam jangka pendek nilai tukar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap inflasi di Provinsi Aceh, tingkat pengangguran, ekspektasi inflasi, jumlah uang beredar, dan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap inflasi di Provinsi Aceh, sedangkan dalam jangka panjang jumlah uang beredar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap inflasi di Provinsi Aceh, tingkat pengangguran dan ekspektasi inflasi berpengarhun negatif dan signifikan terhadap inflasi di Provinsi Aceh, Produk Domestik Regional Bruto dan nilai tukar berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap inflasi di Provinsi Aceh. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah trade off antara tingkat pengangguran terhadap inflasi hanya terjadi pada jangka panjang.
Implementasi Kebijakan Bangga Papua (Bangun Generasi dan Keluarga Papua Sejahtera) di Kabupaten Asmat Provinsi Papua
Authors: Sinurat Halasson Fransisco , Syafri Wirman , Hamdi Muchlis , Achmad Mansyur , Sinurat Marja
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan tentang implementasi kebijakan BANGGA Papua (Bangun Generasi dan Keluarga Papua Sejahtera) di Kabupaten Asmat Provinsi Papua yang belum bisa dikatakan produktif dan juga menemukan model baru dari implementasi kebijakan BANGGA Papua (Bangun Generasi dan Keluarga Papua Sejahtera) di Kabupaten Asmat Provinsi Papua. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori implementasi kebijakan dari Hamdi (2014). Dimana proses implementasi kebijakan ini meliputi dimensi produktivitas, linearitas dan efisiensi. Sedangkan model baru implementasi kebijakan BANGGA Papua (Bangun Generasi dan Keluarga Papua Sejahtera) di Kabupaten Asmat Provinsi Papua adalah LISME (Legalistik, Inovasi, Sinergitas, Modern dan Efisiensi). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan implementasi kebijakan BANGGA Papua (Bangun Generasi dan Keluarga Papua Sejahtera) di Kabupaten Asmat Provinsi Papua, menjelaskan bahwa produktivitas kebijakan BANGGA Papua yang dilihat dari Jumlah Pencapaian Kelompok Sasaran masyarakat penerima manfaat. Kemudian dari dimensi linieritas yang dilihat dari prosedur, waktu, biaya, tempat dan pelaksana. Sedangkan efisiensi kebijakan BANGGA Papua yang dilihat dari asset, dana dan teknologi. Dimana implementasi kebijakan harus berkolaborasi dengan melibatkan berbagai unsur pemerintah, serta tokoh masyarakat, juga masyarakat, untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan perbaikan gizi Anak dan Ibu di Kabupaten Asmat dalam membentuk Generasi Emas Papua.
Development of Cinnarizine Liposome Technology
Authors: Polkovnikova Yulia A.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Liposomal preparations have a number of advantages: they protect the cells of the body from the toxic effects of drugs; prolong the action of the drug introduced into the body; protect medicinal substances from degradation; contribute to the manifestation of targeted specificity due to selective penetration from the blood into tissues; change the pharmacokinetics of drugs, increasing their pharmacological efficacy; allow you to create a water-soluble form of a number of medicinal substances, thereby increasing their bioavailability.

In this work, studies were carried out to develop a methodology for determining the degree of inclusion in liposomes from soy lecithin of cinnarizine, which has found wide application as a corrector of cerebral circulation disorders.

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to determine the amount of adsorption of cinnarizine with liposomes from soy lecithin.

Materials and methods. Cinnarizine liposomes from soy lecithin were prepared by the hydration/rehydration method. To study the characteristics of the degree of incorporation of cinnarizine into liposomes, the method of equilibrium dialysis was used. The choice of this method is due to the fact that the quantitative analysis of the equilibrium concentration of cinnarizine in the dispersion medium, which is necessary to determine the amount of adsorption, is hampered by the presence of a dispersed phase, liposomes. A semipermeable membrane with a pore diameter sufficient for the penetration of cinnarizine molecules, but impermeable to liposomes, makes it possible to obtain a cinnarizine solution with a concentration close enough to the concentration in the dispersion medium of liposomes. The solution thus obtained can be subjected to quantitative analysis using spectrophotometry.

Results. A graph of the dependence of the value of adsorption of cinnarizine on liposomes on the equilibrium concentration was plotted. It was found that the value of adsorption of cinnarizine during the treatment of liposomes with ultrasound is less for all the studied concentrations. At an equilibrium concentration of cinnarizine of more than 0.0003 mol/l, the proportion of the prearat associated with liposomes stabilizes. Without sonication at the level of 24.83 ± 1.15%, with sonication at the level of 18.4 ± 1.20%.

Conclusion. It has been established that ultrasonic treatment of liposomes is expedient when cinnarizine is added to a dry lipid film, since it is a factor that increases bioavailability
Study of the Influence of the Additive "Polymateria" on the Ability to Biodegrade Polyethylene Films
Authors: Kirsh Irina A. , Tveritnikova Izabella S. , Beznaeva Olga V. , Gubanova Marina I. , Bannikova Olga A. , Chalykh Tatyana I.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the influence of the "Polymateria" additive on the properties of polyethylene films and their biodegradability. The additive "Polymateria" is presented by the manufacturer as an additive that accelerates the process of biodegradation of polyolefin films. However, studies published in the literature have not previously been presented.

Purpose. Therefore, the purpose of the work is to study polymer films containing the Polymater additive for their performance characteristics and evaluate film samples for biodegradability. In the work, polymer films based on polyethylene and the additive "Polymateria" were obtained by extrusion.

Materials and Methods. The following research methods were used in the work: a method for determining water absorption, a method for determining resistance to chemical media, a method for artificial aging of polymeric materials under the influence of ultraviolet radiation and temperature, a uniaxial tensile test method, comprehensive studies of films for biodegradation by composting, determination of the sanitary and hygienic properties of experimental samples during exposure in simulation environments

Results. In the course of the study, it was found that the physical and mechanical properties under the influence of UV irradiation do not change as intensively as compared with the deformation-strength characteristics of samples that were subjected to artificial aging at temperature. It has been established that within 28 hours of exposure to thermal-oxidative aging, polyethylene films are destroyed and lose their integrity. It has been established that within 28 hours of exposure to thermal-oxidative aging, polyethylene films are destroyed and lose their integrity.

In the process of composting, the relative elongation at break of samples treated with UV decreases by 1.5-2 times compared to the values ​​before composting. When composted for 7 months, the samples did not change their size, and their weight did not change either.

Conclusion. Studies by the sanitary-chemical method made it possible to determine that in the environment of sodium chloride and distilled water after three weeks of exposure to polyethylene films containing the additive, a pungent odor is determined that exceeds the criterion of 2 points. Thus, such films cannot be used for food contact.
Design Strategies in Research Articles Results Section
Authors: Kosycheva Marina A. , Tikhonova Elena V.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The function of the Research Article Results section is to present the data obtained during the research in a systematic, concise, and visualized format. Commenting and discussing the information presented impedes objective perception and may confuse the reader.

The purpose is to present key strategies for writing the Research Article Results section that will help authors deliver their research results properly and avoid common mistakes when writing this section of a research article.

Section construction strategies. Based on the analysis of models for structuring the Research Article Results section from different fields, an efficient pattern of constructing a section is proposed and illustrated using the example from journals on food processing and health-saving technologies. Recommendations for data visualization and their relevant description in the body of the section are given.

Conclusion. The outcomes of this editorial and proposed guidelines for constructing the Results section, are intended to help authors efficiently present the data collected during the study (logically, concisely, transparently, visualized and objectively). Such an approach not only makes it possible to increase the impact of the article on the readership, but also contributes to its visibility in research databases, enhances its significance in the context of global scientific communication.
Gender, Economic Policy, and Domestic Energy Use in Nigeria
Authors: Babawalc Tundc , Odukoya Adclaja
Published: March 2023

Urbanization, as a global phenomenon, has radically transformed modern societies. It has been accelerated by the growth of industrialism and capitalism with attendant consequences for governance and human survival. This paper examines the impact of urbanization all the dynamics of Nigerian politics and the consequences for governance. The assertion is that ill the Nigerian context, urban growth has outstripped economic growth with grave implications for politics and politicking. II is suggested that the development of a good governance compact and the institutionalization of democracy remain the surest means of resolving the crisis of urban governance in Nigeria.
Prices, Quality, and Demand for Modern Health Care Facilities in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ayonrinde Folasade Oluwatomi
Published: March 2023

The study assessed the impact of user fees on demand for health care facilities, and examined the relationship between quality of service and utilization of modern health facilities in the country. The data were collected from 388 individuals ill 1999 from the five health zones ill Oyo State. To analyse the determinants of health facility utilization, information was elicited on individuals’ choice of health care Treatment. Using the Multinomial logit model and analysing with the revealed preference principle that permits the nature of consumers’ preferences to be deduced from observed choices, the results revealed user fees, gender, and distance as significant determinants of demand for health facilities and indicated the clear preference of respondents for private health care providers over public health providers. The policy implications emanating from the study suggest that the distance of public health facilities from patients and waiting Time need to be reduced to increase the rate of utilization. This call be done by government providing more health facilities in all local government areas and these should be within the reach of household members.
The Open Access Movement: Interrogating its potential for inserting Africa in the global scientific information chain
Authors: Nwagwu Williams E.
Published: March 2023

At present, Africa is at the margin of the global scientific information chain, with a little world science flowing in, and little African science flowing out. This article examines this observation, and reviews the Open Access (OA) movement and related initiatives with a view to showing that these initiatives would ease the flow of scientific publications in and out of Africa. It shows that the expectation that the Internet would facilitate scientific information [low does not seem to be realizable owing to observed low quality of those publications that are deposited all the Net at no cost, the restrictive subscription fees of the high quality sources, in addition to the beleaguering inequity in access and use of the Internet and other ICT resources. Finally, the slow advancement 0f The OA movement ill Africa, the nonchalance of African scientists towards the movement, the non-expression of concern by policy makers, among others, in addition to their implications for scientific activities ill Africa, are discussed.
Nigeria’s 1991 Census in Retrospect: Fieldworkers’ assessment
Authors: Nclsou-Twakor E.N
Published: March 2023

This study is borne out of the need to address the long-standing concern about the inadequacy of population data for development planning in Nigeria. In spite of the efforts of past governments, the population data available from various sources for planning and monitoring Nigeria’s development process remain highly unsatisfactory in terms of adequacy and reliability, The situation is attributable in part to the irregular conduct of the census in the country and other associated problems. To achieve improvements in the quality of data obtained from censuses in the country, a critical evaluation of the administrative cum organizational aspects of the census is essential and the role of fieldworkers in this regard, cannot be underplayed. It is in this light that this study focuses on the 1991 census through the lens of the fieldworkers. In-depth interviews were used to obtain information from enumerators, supervisors and other functionaries involved in the 1991 census. The survey of census functionaries served to validate the report of the fieldworkers. The study sheds light on the appropriateness of some of the census strategies and administrative processes. The results will be of importance to census organizers and academics in their efforts at improving the quality of the data collection process and of data obtainable from censuses.
Federalism and State Capacity in Nigeria
Authors: Onyeoziri Fred
Published: March 2023

Building on an existing theoretical formulation which states that the efficacy of federalism depends 0n the character of the state, this article proceed, to conceptualize and operationalize the concept of state capacity in a Nigerian case study that shows that the weak capacity of the Nigerian State has been operating to den)’ the realization of the benefits of federalism in the Nigerian political system.
Human Capital, Capabilities and Poverty in Rural Nigeria
Authors: Olaniyan Olanrewaju , Bankole Abiodun S.
Published: March 2023

Earlier studies in investigating the determinants of poverty in Nigeria have n0t explicitly considered the importance of capabilities as determinants of poverty despite the fact that capabilities dictate the state of deprivation and poverty among households. This paper examines the link between human capitol, capabilities, and poverty in the rural sector of the Nigerian economy. The study uses data from the 1996 General Household Survey (GHS) conducted by the Federal Office of Statistics, The analysis indicates that poverty is widespread in rural Nigeria and probit regression estimates emphasize the significant effects of human capital and capabilities in determining poverty status of rural households in Nigeria. These findings, therefore, suggest the need for a conscious effort at the policy level to redress poverty by increasing the human capital of individuals through provision of adequate education and other social sector services to individuals especially in rural areas.
Infant and Child Health: Evidence From Four Sub-Saharan African Countries
Authors: Tawiah E.O.
Published: March 2023

This paper examines infant and child health inequalities in Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya, and Tanzania using data from three Demographic and health surveys (DHS) conducted in Ghana (1998), Nigeria (1999), and Kenya (1998), and the 1999 Tanzania Reproductive and Child Health Survey. Childhood vaccination coverage varies across countries. In Ghana, Kenya, and Tanzania more than 60% of children aged between 12 and 23 months have been fully vaccinated. Immunization rates are particularly low in Nigeria (16.8% fully vaccinated). Girls are slightly less likely to be immunized than boys except in Nigeria. Breastfeeding is almost universal in the four countries. The median duration of any breastfeeding among children under three years varies from 18. 5 months in Nigeria to 21.5 months in Ghana. It is 20.9 months in Kenya and Tanzania. There is considerable chronic malnutrition among children in the four countries. The prevalence of acute respiratory infection was much higher in Kenya (20.1 %) than in Nigeria (13.1%), Ghana (13.8%), and Tanzania (13.9%). There is not much difference by sex. In Ghana and Tanzania, male children are more likely to be taken to a health facility or provider for treatment than female children, while in Nigeria and Kenya the boot is on the other foot. The percentage of children with fever is also highest in Kenya (42.3%), followed by Tanzania (35.1%), Nigeria (30.2), and Ghana (26.8%). Ghana has the highest prevalence rate of diarrhea (17.9%), while Tanzania has the lowest (12.4%). The corresponding percentages are 17.1 and 15.3 for Kenya and Nigeria, respectively. The predictors of receiving medical treatment jar diarrhea in Nigeria are region of residence and level of education. Region of residence emerges as the 1I10Stimportant predictor in both Ghana and Kenya, while it is birth order in Tanzania. Two policy implications have been highlighted.
The Universalistic and Contextualizing Movements in Geography
Authors: Okafor S.l.
Published: March 2023

The universalistic and contextualizing movements are the dominant epistemological Traditions in geography, especially human geography. Contextuulization is an approach that regards time-space settings as important ill the production of landscapes of human activity and in the past this approach focused on the description 0f places. On the other hand, the universalistic movement took geography away from its earlier concern with the description of places into attempts at uncovering universal laws of spatial organization, in keeping with the scientific method. This movement led to the devaluation of place in geographical analysis. The failings and unfulfilled expectations 0f the universalistic movement led to a return to contextualization as a result of which greater attention is again being paid to local milieu in accounting for spatial variations of human activities. The new emphasis on diversity and difference which the contextualizing movement makes possible provides an opportunity for addressing specifically African issues in spite 0/ the hegemony 0/ Western intellectual traditions.
The International Political Economy of Oil and its Implications for the Niger Delta Crisis
Authors: Garba Abdul-Ganiyu
Published: March 2023

The paper analyzes the international political economy of oil and deduces implications for the Niger Delta crisis. The economic analysis focuses 0n the essential nature of oil, key players, and the organization of the global industry while the analysis of the international politics of oil focuses Oil the institutions, incentives, and the dynamic games of oil. The main conclusions are that the international political economy of oil is willfully designed by established global players to guarantee a stable outflow of cheap oil to fuel a wide range of economic, social. and political activities ill rich countries. Therefore, the contest for control over the economic rents from oil cannot be domesticated and in the absence of a strong and developmental state, the social costs for oil communities would tend to grow beyond the thresholds for open conflict, yet open conflicts will not achieve the desires of the population in the Niger Delta.
Women in Informal Long-Distance Trade: The Family and the Rural-Urban Market Nexus in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Olutayo Olanrewaju A.
Published: March 2023

Entrepreneurial development has, for some time now, been seen as a major factor in development. Its relevance has, however; been encumbered by the unnecessary importance attached to its formalization and the predominance of informal structures in most third world nations. In the process of encouraging formalization, the social structures that gave rise to the informal trading system have not been well studied. This is particularly manifest among women in long-distance trade. The study, therefore, attempts to examine the role of women in rural-urban, long-distance informal trade. Through a combination 0f qualitative research methods, the paper exposes how the structural dependency that dominates in any formal capitalist economy is engendered in the socio-relations characterizing informal long-distance trade. This is explicated through the poverty in rural areas, which necessitated the trade such that women in rural areas have to “abandon” their “expected” motherly roles and encourage other wives (polygyny) to take care of their children. Also, the rural=urban nexus portrayed the domination of the former by the latter and, by implication, the domination of the rural women in long-distance informal trade by the urban market being controlled by men. It is concluded that, in so far as the structure and culture of poverty continues to exist and, through this, the perpetuation of informal relations at the market place, the exploitation and oppression of the poor and powerless would persist.
Gender Differences in Experience of Sexual Coercion, HIV Risky Sexual Practices, and Knowledge of Aids among Fresh Undergraduates at a Nigerian University
Authors: Olley B.D.
Published: March 2023

The study examined gender differences in knowledge about HIVIAIDS, sexual violation, and risk)’ sexual practices among new undergraduates of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. One hundred and eighty sexually-active fresh undergraduates, who attended a routine orientation program for new entrants participated. They were assessed using a 93-item questionnaire on sexual violation: rape or child sexual abuse (CSA), past and recent sexual practices, and knowledge of HIV/AIDS. Results showed that 65.5% of males and 34.5% of females were sexually active. The lifetime prevalence of rape and CSA was 18.9% and 10%, respectively. In addition, female students were significantly more likely to have had history of rape and CSA with a non-family member than male students. In addition, CSA was more likely to have been perpetrated by a family member in male students. While males were more likely not to have used a condom at the last sex, females were significantly more likely to have exchanged sex for drugs and a place to stay. Male students reported significantly better HIV knowledge relating to precautionary measures (e.g., condom use) than females. The results suggest that although many new students were sexually naïve, substantial proportions. who were sexually active engaged in unsafe sex, The potential role of CSA in risky sexual practices among females, in particular; should be noted. It is suggested that sex education should be a critical component of an orientation program for new university students.
Soziolinguistik der deutschen Sprache
Authors: Neuland Eva
Published: March 2023

Genderlekt? Dialekt? Soziolekt? – Eine Einführung in die Vielfalt der deutschen Sprache
Dieser Band bietet einen Überblick über Geschichte, Theorien und Richtungen sowie Forschungsmethoden der Soziolinguistik der deutschen Sprache.
Dabei werden zentrale soziale Faktoren (u.a. soziale und regionale Herkunft, Gender, Generation, soziale Gruppe) und Prozesse (v.a. Migration, Mehrsprachigkeit, Sprachwandel) in ihrem Einfluss auf den Sprachgebrauch im Deutschen, vor allem der Gegenwart, berücksichtigt.
Auch subjektive Faktoren von Sprachbewertungen und Spracheinstellungen sowie die Einflüsse der Soziolinguistik auf Schule und Sprachunterricht werden einbezogen.
Der Band ist genau auf ein zentrales Thema germanistischer Prüfungs- und Studienordnungen zugeschnitten und eignet sich hervorragend zur selbstständigen Erschließung dieses spannenden Forschungsgebietes.
Lobbyismus? Frag doch einfach!
Authors: Spohr Florian
Published: March 2023

Inwieweit beeinflussen Lobbyist:innen in Deutschland die Politik? Was unterscheidet Lobbyismus von Korruption? Sind Nebentätigkeiten von Abgeordneten problematisch?
Diese und weitere Fragen beantwortet Florian Spohr in seinem Buch. Er stellt die vielfältigen Akteur:innen und ihre Strategien in diesem Feld vor und erklärt, weshalb Lobbyismus sowohl notwendig als auch bedrohlich für demokratisches Regieren und das Allgemeinwohl ist. Daneben verrät er, wie Lobbyismus effektiv reguliert werden kann und welche NGOs und Websites zur Transparenz von Lobbyismus beitragen.
Frag doch einfach! Die utb-Reihe geht zahlreichen spannenden Themen im Frage-Antwort-Stil auf den Grund. Ein Must-have für alle, die mehr wissen und verstehen wollen.
Religionsökonomie
Authors: Freudenberg Maren , Rezania Kianoosh
Published: March 2023

Die vielfältigen Zusammenhänge zwischen Religion und Wirtschaft verstehen
Religion und Wirtschaft stehen seit jeher in einer engen Wechselbeziehung. Diese beleuchten Maren Freudenberg und Kianoosh Rezania detailliert aus religionswissenschaftlicher und ökonomischer Perspektive: Sie zeigen theoretische Ansätze und empirische Forschungsmethoden auf, die eine Brücke zwischen den beiden Disziplinen schlagen. Besonders gehen sie auf religiöse ökonomische Ethiken und deren sozioökonomische Auswirkungen, auf Religionen als ökonomische Akteure und auf neuere Weiterentwicklungen theoretischer Ansätze ein. Zahlreiche Leitfragen, Definitionen und Diskussionsfragen helfen beim Verständnis.
Das Buch richtet sich an Studierende und Dozierende der Religionswissenschaft und der Wirtschafts- sowie Sozialwissenschaften.
Richterliche Urteilsfindung
Authors: Strauch Hans-Joachim
Published: March 2023

Welche Methoden und Praktiken führen zur richterlichen Urteilsfindung?
Dieses Lehrbuch ist nicht primär durch den akademischen Blickwinkel, sondern durch Fragestellungen aus der richterlichen Praxis geprägt. Dabei wendet sich der Autor nicht nur an Richterinnen und Richter, sondern insbesondere an Referendare und Referendarinnen.
Das Ziel ist, den Prozess der Urteilsfindung in allen seinen Stationen, gerade in denen der Sachverhaltsermittlung, zu verstehen und so das eigene praktische Arbeiten besser zu strukturieren und verständlicher zu kommunizieren.
Grundkurs Sozialverwaltungsrecht für die Soziale Arbeit
Authors: Reinhardt Jörg
Published: March 2023

Das Sozialverwaltungsrecht spielt für die Praxis der Sozialen Arbeit eine wichtige Rolle: Von der Begleitung Arbeitssuchender über die Jugendhilfe bis zur Tätigkeit im ASD überlagern behördliche Zuständigkeiten, Verfahrensfragen und Rechtsschutzmöglichkeiten immer wieder fachlich-inhaltliche Aspekte. Die Kenntnis des Sozialverwaltungsrechts ist hier und in vielen anderen Bereichen der Sozialen Arbeit unverzichtbar. Der Grundkurs erleichtert den Einstieg in das Recht für die Soziale Arbeit mit vielen Beispielen, v. a. aus der Jugendhilfe. Eine umfassende Einführung in das Sozialverwaltungsrecht für die Soziale Arbeit.
Für die 3. Auflage wurden alle Kapitel auf den aktuellen Stand gebracht. Mit zahlreichen Übersichten, Fällen und Musterlösungen!
Autokratien politökonomisch erklärt
Authors: Voss Rödiger
Published: March 2023

Eigenschaften und Strategien von Autokratien verstehen
Weltweit werden über drei Milliarden Menschen autokratisch regiert. Autokratien sind auf dem Vormarsch, auch wenn sie die Freiheit der Bürger:innen massiv beschneiden. Rödiger Voss geht dem Phänomen politökonomisch auf den Grund. Er zeigt, welche Autokratieformen existieren und welche Eigenschaften und Strategien die Systeme haben. Auf die Risiken für Demokratien geht er ein, ebenso auf die große Rolle von Interessengruppen. Zahlreiche Beispiele illustrieren den Stoff. Wissensboxen vertiefen zudem das Verständnis.
Das Buch richtet sich an (angehende) Wirtschafts-, Politik- und Sozialwissenschaftler:innen. Es ist zudem für Journalist:innen, Politiker:innen und politisch Interessierte eine spannende Lektüre.
Die Aufklärung
Authors: Tricoire Damien
Published: March 2023

Die Aufklärung ist für das Selbstverständnis der liberalen Demokratie zentral. Dieses Buch bietet eine grundlegend neue Erzählung der Aufklärungsgeschichte, die sowohl in berühmte Werke (von Leibniz, Voltaire, Rousseau, Kant oder auch Adam Smith) und klassische Themenfelder (politische Theorie, Theologie, Toleranz) als auch in neue Fragenkomplexe (Gender, Rassismus, Kolonialismus) einführt. Kunst- und ideengeschichtliche Aspekte kommen hierbei ebenso zur Geltung wie Fragen der Politik- und Sozialgeschichte, die die Aufklärung als europäisches wie globales Phänomen fassbar werden lassen.
Das Ergebnis ist überraschend: Anstatt die geistige Wiege der säkularen und liberalen Moderne zu sein, stand die Aufklärung in der Kontinuität mit der religiösen mittelalterlichen Gedankenwelt.
Grundkurs Familienrecht für die Soziale Arbeit
Authors: Wabnitz Reinhard J.
Published: March 2023

Wie sind Familienrecht und Kinder- und Jugendhilferecht im deutschen Grundgesetz verankert? Was sollte man über elterliche Sorge und Vormundschaft wissen? Reinhard Wabnitz beantwortet diese und weitere Fragen und vermittelt das relevante Basiswissen des Familienrechts. Systematisch und leicht verständlich werden die wichtigsten Regelungen z. B. zu Eheschließung und nicht ehelichen Lebensgemeinschaften, elterlicher Sorge, Scheidung und Unterhalt, Adoption, Vormundschaft und Pflegschaft dargestellt.
Die 6. Auflage wurde auf den aktuellen Stand von Gesetzgebung, Rechtsprechung und Literatur gebracht. Mit Fallbeispielen, Prüfungsfragen, Musterlösungen und einem ausführlichen Literaturverzeichnis. Ein Muss für Studierende der Sozialen Arbeit.
Ergänzend zum Lehrbuch sind Lernkarten in drei Ausgabeformen verfügbar:
- Digitale Lernkarten für die kostenlose Lernsoftware Brainyoo (ISBN 978-3-8463-0267-5)
- Digitale Lernkarten für die kostenlose Lernsoftware Brainyoo mit integriertem E-Book „Grundkurs Familienrecht für die Soziale Arbeit (5. Aufl. 2019)“ (ISBN 978-3-8463-0268-2)
- Print-Lernkarten (ISBN 978-3-8252-5497-1)
Extraction of Transformer Parameters from FEMM Simulations and Automated Creation of a Transformer SPICE Model Using a Scripting Language
Authors: ZAIKIN DENYS
Published: March 2023

This study presents a method for extracting transformer parameters using simulations in the Finite Element Method Magnetics (FEMM) electromagnetic solver. The extracted parameters represent a full model of a linear transformer and can be used in Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE) simulations. A model of the two-winding transformer is presented in three variants, for which different approaches were used in the transformer simulation in the SPICE program, all yielding the same simulation results. A three-winding transformer T-model extraction is also developed in the study. A method for extracting transformer parameters from FEMM is proposed, along with an automated tool based on a scripting language built into the FEMM software.
HLA-DRB1typing among Type I Diabetic Patients and their First Degree relatives in a Comparative Study
Authors: Aleqabi Hussein Adnan , Al-Kaabi Kareem Thamir , Al-Mousawi Jaafar Kadem , Al-Kabe Mohammed Ali S.
Published: March 2023

Background: The genetic susceptibility to IDDM maps to the MHC class II region, thus one approach to investigating the immunopathogenesis of diabetes is to study first degree relatives of affected individuals.
Objectives: To detect the inherited relationship between (HLA-DRB1) allels and type one Diabetic mellitus.
Methodology: A case-control study was performed on 90 persons, they divided into three group which are diabetic, siblings and control (30 persons in each group), who attended to Al Zahraa Teaching Hospital /Diabetic Center in Al Kut/Iraq between the period of April; 2012 till April; 2013.data was analyzed by using SPSS 16th version. Distribution of HLA-DRB1 loci among the study groups (type 1 Diabetic patients, Siblings and Control group) were performed using MR.SPOT ROBOTING system.
Results: results showed that the frequencies of HLA-DRB1*3,*4 {25 (69.4%)} among Diabetic group were Significant (P value = 0.002), in compare to the corresponding frequencies among control group {11 (30.6%)}, in compare to the frequencies of other HLA-DRB1 loci in both Diabetic group and Control group { 15 (34.1%), 29 (65.9%)} respectively. Meanwhile results have showed that there were no Significant (P value = 0.116), in the frequencies of HLA-DRB1*3,*4 {25 (58.1%)} among Diabetic group in compare to the frequencies of HLA-DRB1*3,*4 {18 (41.9%)} among Siblings group, in compare to the frequencies of other HLA-DRB1 loci among Diabetic group and Sibling group {15 (40.5%), 22 (59.5%)} respectively, also results have showed that there were no Significant (P value = 0.104), in the frequencies of HLA-DRB1*3,*4 {18 (62.1%)} among Sibling group in compare to the frequencies of HLA-DRB1*3,*4 {11 (37.9%)} among Control group, in compare to the frequencies of other HLA-DRB1 loci among Sibling group and Control group {22 (43.1%), 29 (56.9%)} respectively.
conclusion: In conclusion there were a genetic predisposition of diabetic Siblings for development of Diabetes since, both Diabetic group and Sibling group showing the highest frequencies of HLA-DRB1 *3,*4, in compare to Control group.
Recommendation: larger sample group are required to include other allels