bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimising the Space Utilisation in Real-Time Flash Translation Layer Mapping Scheme
Authors: Bazli Ab. Karim Mohd , Rizaan Rahiman Amir , Latip Rohaya Solid-State Disk (SSD) is a semic , Ibrahim Hamidah
Published: July 2024

Solid-State Disk (SSD) is a semiconductor storage device and it has become a preferred choice for many storage sub-systems solutions to replace the classical hard drives due to its high performance and durability. Moreover, NAND flash memory has become cheaper in costs. However, this flash memory type has its own limitations due to its erase-before-write operations nature. This limitation will cause the memory to wear faster and consuming higher cost when initiating the cleaning process. To overcome the limitation, an address mapping in NAND flash memory namely Flash Translation Layer (FTL) plays important role in handling I/O operations. Several studies on the FTL have been carried out to manage the IO operations in NAND flash device efficiently. This paper proposed an optimized address-mapping scheme called Optimized Real-Time Flash Translation Layer (ORFTL). In order to increase the NAND flash space utilization, the proposed scheme reduces idle buffer blocks and reassigns the blocks as new Logical Block Addressing (LBA) in order to optimize blocks in flash memory for more space utilization. In addition, the scheme introduces a pool of buffer blocks with the same bandwidth throughput size of IO interface that connects the SSD to the host system in order to guarantee available free spaces to serve write operations. By optimizing both types of blocks, the proposed scheme has shown significant increases in the NAND flash memory space utilization as compared to the existing FTL schemes.Â Â Â
Performance Evaluation of Load Balancing Algorithm for Virtual Machine in Data Centre in Cloud Computing
Authors: A/P Parmesivan Yuganes , Hasan Sazlinah , Muhammed Abdullah
Published: July 2024

Cloud computing has become biggest buzz in the computer era these days. It runs entire operating systems on the cloud and do everything on cloud to store data off-site. Cloud computing is primarily based on grid computing, but itâ€™s a new computational model. Cloud computing has emerged into a new opportunity to further enhance way of hosting data centre and provide services. The primary substance of cloud computing is to deal the computing power, storage, different sort of stages and services which assigned to the external users on demand through the internet. Task scheduling in cloud computing is vital role optimisation and effective dynamic resource allocation for load balancing. In cloud, the issue focused is under utilisation and over utilisation of the resources to distribute workload of multiple network links for example, when cloud clients try to access and send request to the same cloud server while the other cloud server remain idle at that moment, leads to the unbalanced of workload on cloud data centers. Thus, load balancing is to assign tasks to the individual cloud data centers of the shared system so that no single cloud data centers is overloaded or under loaded. A Hybrid approach of Honey Bee (HB) and Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) load balancing algorithm is combined in order to get effective response time. The proposed hybrid algorithm has been experimented by using CloudSim simulator. The result shows that the hybrid load balancing algorithm improves the cloud system performance by reducing the response time compared to the Honey Bee (HB) and Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) load balancing algorithm.Â Â
Ilung: Interactive Holographic Medical Application for Lung CT Scans Using Hololens
Authors: Al Khayer Aala , Indriasari Mansor Evi
Published: July 2024

This research aims to design a holographic medical application for lung CT scans using Microsoft HoloLens. iLung application offers users the possibility to interact with the actual lung of a patient in a mixed reality and 3D environment. A prototype of the iLung was developed based on raw CT scans data and converted into 3D model generation. This paper reports the earlier stage in designing the application. Based on the applicationâ€™s overview with a group of users, the findings gathered showed that iLung prototype facilitates interactive manipulation and exploring of the 3D lung object. Feedback and comments were recorded for future improvements such as air taping interaction method and voice command.Â Â Â
Elderly Experience Evaluation through Medication Learning Application with Augmented Reality
Authors: Alnabit Nuha , Indriasari Mansor Evi
Published: July 2024

Technology advancement has been providing innovative solutions to assist elderly to overcome many challenges they face when learning about their medication due to their declining abilities. However, due to the lack of proper understanding of elderly experience and poor representation of their requirements, many of these solutions are rejected.Â  Natural and simple interactions are one of the main features elderly require to adopt technology which can be supported through the integration of augmented reality technology with these solutions. This paper focused on studying elderly interaction with an augmented reality medication learning application and evaluating their experiences as a user from the perspective of visceral, behavioral and reflective levels at an early stage of the development process. The results indicated positive feedbacks with considerations when developing similar application for the future.Â Â Â
Fusion CLAHE-Based Image Enhancement with fuzzy Set Theory on Field Images
Authors: Albahari Elmaliana , Madzin Hizmawati , Roff Mohd Noor Mohamad
Published: July 2024

In this paper, a new fusion of Contrast-Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalisation or CLAHE-based method is proposed to enhance field images. The field images, which are low resolution images, were taken using a camera or other devices such as smartphones with lower quality as compared to the lab images with proper setup. The field images had low contrast and were blurred and unsharp due to inconsistent setting or environment exposures. Image enhancement helps to enrich the perception of images for better quality, reduce impulsive noise, and sharpen the edges with the help of different image enhancement techniques. The main attraction towards the enhancement of this research area is due to the additional knowledge and hidden information provided by the results of this procedure, which will further be used for many different useful purposes. This research proposes a fusion of CLAHE-based with Fuzzy set theory. An optimisation technique was applied to increase the enhancement ratio. The result of the proposed fusion method was compared with the standard method as a benchmark. The obtained value is compared by using image quality measurement techniques. The proposed fusion method produces better quality and enhanced images and required minimum processing time than the other methods.Â
Musafir Ilmu Apps Development Using Mobile Application Development Life Cycle
Authors: Azma Nasruddin Zan , Mazlin Irwan , Abdul Aziz Maslina , Shukor Abd Rahman Mohd , Adilah Wan Adnan Wan
Published: July 2024

The presence of mobile wireless technology has changed the current learning culture environment. Today, smartphone has become an essential device for effective learning. Many mobile apps have been developed coveringÂ digital contents for all sorts of disciplines. This paper presents the development of mobile application for Muslims which is focusing on Hijaiyyah pronunciation.Â Â This application is named Musafir Ilmu Application with aims to help improve the learning process of Hijaiyyah pronounciation. The Mobile Application Development Life Cycle is employed in the development of the apps. This application has been tested on 32 UiTM students by observation method. Performance of the application is measured using Confusion matrix which calculate the precision and recall rates. The results have indicated the app is an effective learning tool.Â Â
Automatic Lexical Alignment between Relational Database and Heterogeneous Big Data Based on NOSQL Systems
Authors: BATOUTA Zouhair IBN , Omar HAJOUI , Mohamed TALEA
Published: July 2024

In the absence of a universal consensus governing the use of models, the IDM has led to the creation of a large number of heterogeneous (distinct) meta-model systems with similar or complementary uses and objectives. To solve this problem of increasing heterogeneity of meta-models, we proposed an approach that we named generative automatic matching GAM. In this approach, we have dealt with the problem of the heterogeneity of meta-models in a new way that uses automatic matching, the alignments found are then took into profit to facilitate generation between source and target models which are conform to the linked meta-models.Â This article presents an application of our GAM approach on a case study composed of heterogeneous meta-models of relational databases and big data, we specially treat the application of lexical automatic matching based on hybrid meta-heuristic. We have selected three types of databases and big data based on NoSql: Key Store, Document Store and Columnar Store; at the end of our article we present an evaluation of the results found based on quality mathematical measurements.Â Â
Multi-Objective Optimization of a Family House Performance and Forecast of its Energy Needs by 2100
Authors: Serbouti Abdelhadi , Rattal Mourad , Boulal Abdellah , Oualim El Mostafa , Mouhsen Azeddine
Published: July 2024

This paper describes a general multi-objective optimization approach of the energy performance of buildings using genetic algorithms, and the forecast of future energy needs according to the IPCC climate change scenarios. To this end, the energy performance of a family house is optimized and the optimal solution is studied in a future context marked by global warming and rise of temperatures.Â Â Â
Social Network Accelerates to Strengthen the Relationship between Teachers and Their Students
Authors: Hachem AlaouiHaroun Moulay , Hachem El-Kaber , Ziti Cherif , Bassiri Mustapha , Lu Joan
Published: July 2024

To make sure that relationship can play an important role in building community as well as knowledge; this article is going to highlight the relationship between teacher-students, teacher-teachers, and student-students by using communitiesâ€™ detection in social network, and this is done by calculating betweenness for all edges and applying the edge removal approach. This paper will make a bridge between the students and the teachers to decide whether this interaction helps to encourage and increase the level of students as well as the teacher performance.Â
The Recommending Courses based on the Similarity of Studentsâ€™ Preferences
Authors: Hachem Alaoui Harouni Moulay , Hachem El-Kaber , Ziti Cherif , Bassiri Mustapha , Lu Joan
Published: July 2024

To keep students in touch, they need to be caught through proposing different courses similar to the ones they are interested in. The present paper is going to discuss the idea of recommending courses and how it will be applied into student profiles as the result of clustering the books or courses as well as the student preferences. It will illustrate the way the item and student profiles enable to recommend courses in our system.Â Â
Determination of the Parameters Controlling Mixed Convection in Double Lid Driven Shallow Rectangular Cavity Uniformly Heated
Authors: Louaraychi A. , Lamsaadi M. , El Harfi H. , Kaddiri M. , NaÃ¯mi M.
Published: July 2024

Mixed convection, in double-lid driven horizontal rectangular cavity filled with a Newtonian fluid and subjected to uniform heat flux along the vertical walls, has been studied numerically, via the finite volume method, and analytically, by using the parallel flow concept. A good agreement has been found between the results of the two approaches. The frontiers of transition from one regime to another of convection (forced-mixed and mixed-natural) were determined by a modified Richardson Number. Moreover, it has been found that the parameter which specifies the natural and the forced convection regime is Gr/Re3.Â
Low-cost Smart Architecture for Classroom Response System Using Raspberry: RaspCRS
Authors: Moulay Taj A. , Abouhilal A. , Taifi N. , Antari J. , Malaoui A.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this paper is to present a low-cost architecture based on embedded systems for the operation of a Classroom Response System (CRS). In order to validate the proposed architecture, various tests were conducted with 30 students enrolled in a renewable energy master. As part of this study, a mobile-based CRS has been developed using web-based technologies that makes the system very easy to use in educational environments. It allows the teacher to interview students using multiple-choice questions, in order to test their understanding of a concept discussed in class, the results of a question are displayed in real time on the mobile of the teacher. This tool has a strategic character because it allows improving the image of our university, pursuing the paths of smart cities. The results of test show the advantages and limitations of this architecture.Â Â Â
Laser Technology of Optical Meta-Materials
Authors: D. Volpyan O. , I. Kuzmichev A. , A. Obod Yu. , S. Sigov A.
Published: July 2024

The basic methods of laser technology used to obtain 2D and 3D meta-materials are considered. The main attention is paid to the methods of forming submicron and nanometer structures using the two-photon polymerization effect and various types of laser interference lithography. It is shown that these technological methods, being planar and scalable, are promising for use in industrial optical production due to their potentially high productivity and low cost compared to many other methods of nanotechnology, in particular, with electronic lithography and processing with focused ion beams.Â Â
Methodology for Analysis of Financial and Economic Security: Management of Capital Flows
Authors: Ye. Likhtenshteina V. , P. Losâ€™a V. , V. Rossb G. , D. Tyshuk E.
Published: July 2024

A methodology which is based on the theory of equilibrium random processes based on the evolutionary-simulation model and Decision instrumental system is proposed. The main stages of capital flow modeling are proposed. This is an analysis of the situation in which it can be interpreted. The structure of the flow of water and the market mechanism were determined. Themainstagesofcapitalflowmodelingareproposed.Â
The Process of Working with Claims in The Quality Management System of An Enterprise of The Radio-Electronic Industry.
Authors: Yu. Cheremukhina Yu. , A. Baranova I. , V. Muravev V. , V. Kurenkov V. , V. Myskov D.
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the requirements of the quality standard GOST R ISO 9001-2015 to work with claims in the radio electronic industry. Reclamation management as a quality management system process is the key to a successful transition to the new version of GOST R ISO 9001-2015. The main stages of the complaint handling process and the indicators for evaluating its effectiveness have been determined. Â
Prospects for The Use of Nanotechnology for The Manufacture of Optical Meta-Materials.
Authors: D. Volpyan O. , I. Kuzmichev. A. , A. Obod Yu. , S. Sigov A.
Published: July 2024

Nanotechnology methods for obtaining 2D and 3D meta-materials are considered. The main attention is paid to the methods of forming submicron and nanometer structures using nanotechnology methods, first of all laser methods. It is shown that these technological methods, being planar and scalable, are promising for use in industrial optical production due to their potentially high productivity and low cost compared to many other methods of nanotechnology, in particular, with electronic lithography and processing with focused ion beams.Â Â
Combination of Technology Blockchain and Multiversion Concurrency Control for Developing Database with Peer-to-Peer Atomic Safe Transactions
Authors: A. Ivanova I. , D. Kotilevets I. , S. Karbova E. , A. Pavelyev S.
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the mechanisms of consensus algorithms used in a blockchain without connection with crypto-currencies, compares with the functionality of competitive access control technology to the database, and combines the functions of blockcahin and MultiVersion Concurrency Control in databases to obtain peer-to-peer atomic safe transactions of strictly defined "facts", written down in an irrefutable audit journal.Â Â
An Approach to Emergency Situation Forecasting in the Field of Road Maintenance Based on Big data Analysis
Authors: M. Mikliaev E. , I. Antonova I. , V. Nikonov V. , G. Magomedov S.
Published: July 2024

The article considers the approach to forecasting emergency situations in the field of road maintenance by the example of bituminous concrete pavement, the wear of bituminous concrete pavement is calculated, dependences on temperature and humidity are determined, a mathematical model and algorithm are proposed, and an information system for forecasting emergency situations is developed.Â
Modeling of Fast Neutral Atoms Flow Generation in Channel Rays of Glow Discharge
Authors: D. Volpian O. , I. Kuzmichev A. , A. Obod Yu. , S. Sigov A.
Published: July 2024

A physical-kinetic approach has been used for modeling of fast neutral atoms flow generation in the channel rays of abnormal glow discharge. The fast atoms are generated due to charge exchange of ions accelerated by voltage drop on the cathode layer of positive space charge. The limits of applicability of the created model and the range of operating parameters of the fast atom source are established for the Ar (gas) â€“ Ta (cathode) pair. The work is directed towards implementation of the beam processing of dielectric optical nanostructured metamaterials with help of fast neutral atoms.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
Temperature Deformation of Cylinder-Piston Group Parts of Uprated Diesels and Gas Engines for Kamaz Vehicles
Authors: A. Nikitin D. , D. Mezhetsky G. , S. Denisov A. , N. Baskov V. , V. Chekmarev V.
Published: July 2024

The paper describes the effect of temperature on the deformation of cylinder-piston group parts of uprated diesel engines and gas engines of the KAMAZ family. Based on the 3-D model with the use of the finite element method, the hypothesis proposed by the authors on the necessity to change a number of limiting dimensions of the cylinder-piston group parts is confirmed. The purpose is to ensure their performance at elevated temperatures in comparison with the basic engines. It is also shown that the design model is adequate to the actual operating conditions of the engines under consideration.Â Â
Investigating the Signal Strength in Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting Network: A case study in Ashanti Region
Authors: A. Dotche K. , Sibiri Bayor W-N. , K. Ofosu Willie , Diawuo. K
Published: July 2024

This paper presents an investigation on the distribution of the signal strength in digital terrestrial television broadcasting network in Ashanti region. The work intends to identify the feasibility limits of implementing the mobile digital television (DTT) network. A review on signals measurement both on small and large scale fading models used in the design are given in addition to the theory of signal distribution characteristics. It proceeds on signal characteristics using the distribution functions methods in order to predict the type of small-scale fading distributions that could characterize a given digital TV signal. The signal strength was obtained through measurement using a field strength meter. The Matlab software was used to analyse the data for the analysis.The obtained results are much mitigated, but though they agree with some similar results obtained in the sub-region. We strongly believe that data span over large length would ultimately lift the clear picture of the small-scale fading distribution characteristics and the proposition to improve the theoretical model.Â
A Survey on Clustering Density Based Data Stream algorithms
Authors: Aljibawi Mayas , Zakree Ahmed Nazri Mohd , Othman Zalinda
Published: July 2024

With the rapid evolution of technology, data size has increased as well. Thus, open the door to a new challenge of finding patterns such as the limitation of memory and time and the one pass to the whole data. Many clustering techniques has been developed to overcome these issues. Streaming data evolve with time, and that makes it almost impossible to define clusters number in that data. Density-based algorithm is one of the significant data clustering class to overcome this issue due to it doesnâ€™t require an advance knowledge about the number of clusters. This paper reviewed some of the existing density-based clustering algorithms for the data stream with the measurement used to evaluate the algorithm.Â Â
Evaluating the Performance of Machine Learning Techniques in the Classification of Wisconsin Breast Cancer
Authors: Ibrahim Obaid Omar , Abed Mohammed Mazin , Khanapi Abd Ghani Mohd , A. Mostafa Salama , Taha AL-Dhief Fahad
Published: July 2024

Breast cancer is a considerable problem among the women and causes death around the world. This disease can be detected by distinguishing malignant and benign tumors. Hence, doctors require trustworthy diagnosing process in order to differentiate between malignant and benign tumors. Therefore, the automation of this process is required to recognize tumors. Numerous research works have tried to apply the algorithms of machine learning for classifying breast cancer and it was proven by many researchers that machine learning algorithms act preferable in the diagnosing process. In this paper, three machine-learning algorithms (Support Vector Machine, K-nearest neighbors, and Decision tree) have been used and the performance of these classifiers has been compared in order to detect which classifier works better in the classification of breast cancer. Furthermore, the dataset of Â Â Wisconsin Breast Cancer (Diagnostic) has been used in this study. The main aim of this work is to make comparison among several classifiers and find the best classifier which gives better accuracy. The outcomes of this study have revealed that quadratic support vector machine grants the largest accuracy of (98.1%) with lowest false discovery rates. The experiments of this study have been carried out and managed in Matlab which has a special toolbox for machine learning algorithms.Â Â Â
Performance Comparison between TCP and UDP Protocols in Different Simulation Scenarios
Authors: Taha AL-Dhief Fahad , Sabri Naseer , M. Abdul Latiff N. , Noordini Nik Abd. Malik Nik , Abbas Abbood Albader Musatafa , Abed Mohammed Mazin , Noori AL-Haddad Rami , Dawood Salman Yasir , Khanapi Abd Ghani Mohd , Ibrahim Obaid Omar
Published: July 2024

User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) are a transportation layer routing protocols which are considered of the core protocols of the internet protocol suite. The behaviour of these routing protocols with different network metrics and scenarios is still not very clear. Therefore, this paper presents a comparison of the performance of both TCP and UDP to precisely determine which of these protocols is better. Network Simulator version 2.35 (NS2) is utilized to analyse and evaluate the performance for both TCP and UDP protocols varying in the packet size and the bandwidth. In this study, we have used two scenarios, in the first scenario the bandwidth has been changed with fixed packet size and in the second scenario the packet size has been changed with fixed bandwidth to precisely verify the performance of these protocols. These protocols were examined in terms of the rate end-to-end delay, rate throughput, packet delivery ratio, and packet loss ratioÂ Â
Financial Performance - A Study on Indian Banks
Authors: Bala Mohana Krishna I. , K.S.Sekhara Rao Dr. , . .
Published: July 2024

Banks play an active role in the financial growth of kingdom. Their capacity to make a affirmative involvement in igniting the method of increase calculate on the valuable banking scheme. Banking coordination is an significant ingredient of the in general money-making system. It plays a major role in mobilizing the nationâ€™s savings and in channelizing them into high speculation priorities plus better consumption of presented possessions. The present examination endeavors to dissect budgetary execution of Six chose Indian Public segment banks and private area Banks like Vijaya bank, Dena bank, Syndicate bank, Yes Bank, Dhanlaxmi bank, City Union bank. This investigation inspects and assesses the simultaneous execution of picked few noteworthy Indian banks amid 2017-2011. With the end goal to pass judgment on their execution, the present investigation thinks about the money related position of different open and private area Banks. Furthermore, to demonstrate this practicality, utilized the considerations â”€ Return on Asset, come again on Equity and Net attention Margin, working interest edge, Interest salary/add up to resources, ROI, Net benefit. Besides, his investigation finds out through quantitative research utilizing Analysis of combined T test.Â Â
A Comprehensive Parametric Analysis of Vertical Handoff using Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: Sivvam Sandeep , Neeraja S. , Dharma Raj C.
Published: July 2024

With the development of 4G mobile telecommunication systems, providing users with the convenience of a seamless continuous connection is not enough anymore. With best Quality of Service (QoS) users want to be connected to the best available network. Hence, it is necessary to have good decision making algorithm that will decide whether to perform handoff to another network, the best network to vertically perform handoff to, and the right time to initiate the handover. The key aspects leading to deployment of extensive array of wireless and mobile networks are advances in miniaturization, circuit design with low power and development in radio access technologies and demand for high speed internet access increase in user. The choice of parameters plays significant role in the decision of vertical handoff. Parameters like power consumption, bandwidth, velocity, signal strength, cost, throughput, user preferences and load falling on network are considered during vertical handoff. Optimization helps in using these available resources in best possible manner as in many cases vertical handoff takes place in situations where the resources are very limited. In this paper only the parameter Power is taken into consideration and Ant colony optimization technique is applied and the comparison for power before and after optimization is plotted.Â Â Â
Multi-band hybrid fractal shape antenna for X and K band applications
Authors: Nadal Shareef Ammar , Abdulhussein Mohammed Abbas , Basim Shaalan Amer
Published: July 2024

Fractal shapes has unusual properties. These unique features will affect antenna parameters when designed in fractal shapes. Two fractal shapes combined together to generate new fractal shape dipole antenna. Seirpinski and modified Koch fractal shapes allow this antenna to operate at too far apart frequencies lies in X and K band. Fractal dimension of modified Koch is found to be 1.08 which led the antenna to be electrically small. This is explaining the resonant points at higher frequencies. Uniting X and K band in single antenna will make the possibility of combining the applications of these two bands in one device. Good results have been obtained from calculating antenna parameters.
Technology and Architecture for a System of High-Speed Sensor Data Stream Collection and Processing
Authors: V. Kopytov Vladimir , V. Kharechki Pavel , V. Naumenko Vladimir , V. Savartsov Aleksey , V. Dorofeyev Oleg , V. Batashan Mikhail
Published: July 2024

Objective: The objective is to address the challenges of monitoring process facility and environmental parameters, which can be analyzed to anticipate dangerous and critical conditions.Methodology/approach: This article proposes the technology and architecture for a system of high-speed stream data collection and processing, which combines the advantages of both the cloud and fog computing models for data collection, storage and processing.Conclusion: The proposed technology and architecture for a system of high-speed stream data collection and processing make it possible to adapt to various monitoring and situation control challenges and can be used to set up centers for processing monitoring data of different levels.Originality/value: The originality of the proposed technology and architecture consists in the application of a set of universal programming solutions aiming to set up a data processing center. Such a center would require a minimum amount of work related to designing an automated data collection system and to developing additional software. Furthermore, it will provide ample opportunities for further scaling and expanding its functionality.Â Â
The Effect of Hidden Time Loss Measures Components from Aspect of Assembly Features Perspective in Automotive Industry
Authors: Rasib A. H. Abdul , Rafaai Z.F Mohamad , . .
Published: July 2024

Hidden Time Loss (HTL) usually effect on productivity during the production processes. Normally, top performance measurement tool is used in the production assembly line such as Overall Equipment Efficiency (OEE). In order to provide HTL, equipment performance as one of the measure components of OEE is used in order to provide HTL. In scope of assembly process especially the manual and the semi-auto in the assembly process, OEE does not suitable in measuring those operation performance. There should be the value of HTL have happened during the manual and semi-auto processes that become serious while related to aspect assembly features such as left and right components, product type/variety, model type/variety, and rear & front component in one production line. In this regards, the objective of this study is to present the Hidden Time Loss Measures (HTLM) components and itsâ€™ effect to HTL based on the aspect of assembly features. The structure of HTLM components are designed through a detail literature review on production assembly line and its performance measures. The case study at five automotive manufacturing assembly companies in Malaysia is used to validate the HTLM components structure. The outcomes show that there is significant effect of HTLM components on production productive time in the aspects of assembly features.Â Â
Sensitivity Improvement And Optomechanical Analysis Of Composite Material Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Optomechanical Analysis of Composite Material Using Fibre Bragg Grating Sensor
Authors: Jahan M.A Ibrar , Rajini V Honnungar Dr. , M Upadhyaya Anup
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the design and simulation of FBG as a pressure sensor. Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) coated with different materials and their sensitivity has been investigated. Using optomechanical equations strain and shift in wavelength values are calculatedÂ  for a bare FBG and FBG coated with PMMA, polystyrene and aluminium. Bragg wavelength/center wavelength shifts when there is perturbation on the fiber gratings due to pressure or any external change. Design parameter is achieved by FBG spectral characterization. Using R-soft and Grating â€“Mod tool box grating length, modulation depth, grating pitch and other physical parameters are changed and simulation is carried out. In literature various methods are proposed for sensitivity improvement. In this work from the simulation results and sensitivity calculation it was noted that FBG coated with PMMA offers good sensitivity of 1.17Âµm/ÂµÉ›. Â Optomechanical simulation in Comsol multiphysics has also been investigated to obtain mechanical stress and strain with optical spectral response Â for metal embedded FBG sensor.Remarkable shift in wavelength is observed during the analysis. Linear displacement of fibre found with respect to arc length.Â  Metal embedded FBG sensor is having tremendous application in aviation, automobiles,machine tools.Â Â Â
Epileptic Seizure Detection from Eeg Signals by Adaptive Wavelets and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Venkateshkanna T. , K Punithavathy , R Vallikannu
Published: July 2024

Recent advances in computer technologies help to diagnose various disorders of the brain using Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The importance of a diagnostic application is to reduce the False Positive (FP) cases. To achieve this, an efficient approach for epileptic seizure classification is proposed using adaptive wavelets called Empirical Wavelet Transform (EWT).Â  The different modes of EEG signals are extracted using EWT and then features from the different modes are extracted. Then, classification is done by a typical machine learning technique, Support Vector Machine (SVM). The performance of EWT-SVM system is evaluated using confusion matrix. From the confusion matrix, sensitivity and specificity are computed. In this paper, an efficient approach for the diagnosis of epileptic seizure using EEG signals is designed. At first, the given EEG signal is decomposed using EWT to extract the information of all components. The EWT energy features are extracted from the EEG signals which are used for training the SVM classifier. Results show that EWT-SVM system reduces the FP cases with 100% of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity which indicates that no misclassification occurs.Â Â Â
Study of Factors Affecting the Dielectric Strength of [Ep/ZrO2 â€“ y2O3] Nanocomposites
Authors: H.M. Alfalahi Ahmad , . .
Published: July 2024

A nanocomposite material was prepared from epoxy resin reinforced by nanoceramic powder [Nano Zirconia â€“ Yttria, (ZrO2 â€“ y2O3) (70-80nm)], with several weight ratios (1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 Wt%), the research samples were prepared according to the standard specifications in different thicknesses (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5mm). The effect of addition rate (Wt%) was studied in addition to Â the thickness, number of cycles, and average of voltage increase, on the dielectric strength (Ebr) for the composites before immersion, then, the effects of immersing the composite material in distilled waterÂ  were observed also in NaOH and HCL diluted solutions (0.5 N) Â were observed .The test results revealed an increase in( Ebr) with increasing the addition of (ZrO2 â€“ y2O3) [( from 27.8 kv/mm for a ratio of 1.5 Wt% to 33.4 kv/mm for a ratio of 4.5Wt% at the average of voltage increase 0.5 kv/s) (and from 31.4 kv/mm for a ratio of 1.5Wt% to 36.7 kv/mm for a ratio of 4.5Wt% at the average of voltage increase of 5kv/s)], and with increasing average voltage increase, on the contrary,( Ebr) decreases with increasing the sample thickness, number of cycles, and immersion in distilled water and chemical solutions (with immersion period) noticing that the chemical solutions effect was greater than that of the distilled water.Â Â
Development and Experimental Study of a Small-Scale Energy Harvester for Domestic Usage
Authors: Muzaffar Abdul Kadir Ahmad , Norhisyam Abd Rashid Wan , Saat Shahrizal , Wafi Ab Aziz Ab
Published: July 2024

Energy harvester is the system which gather energy from the external environment sources such as radio waves, air flow, water flow, solar energy, wind energy and kinetic energy and specially used to power or recharge small electronic devices. One of the biggest potential which can be utilized to generate energy is the water flow in the home water pipes. Instead of letting the water flow through the pipe, a small water turbine is fixed on the pipe to let the water flow through the pipe and at the same time it will generate electricity to charge a battery. This complete system is installed at the water tank on the roof. A battery monitoring system is developed to monitor the performance of the small energy harvester system. The complete system consists of converter, generator and a monitoring system. To determine the state of charge of the 12V lead-acid battery, a monitoring system that manipulate signal from the signal conditioning system which acquire signal from the DC-DC booster will be converted by using Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) and then transferred to smartphone through Bluetooth Module to monitor the status of battery.Â
A Circularly Polarized Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna Excited by E-Shaped Feed
Authors: Iqba J. , Illahi U. , I. Sulaiman M. , Alam M. , Mazliham MS.
Published: July 2024

This research article present designing and analysis of a novel E shaped feed, which is consisted of seven optimized metallic strips that have been used to excite Rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) and generate wideband circular polarization. The novel feed has provided a 10-dB impedance matching bandwidth of ~ 7.85% and 3-dB Axial-ratio (AR) bandwidth of ~8.12 % in the broadside direction.The proposed DRA attained high gain and beam width i.e. 5.4 dB and 45Â° respectively over the same frequency range. The model has been simulated in computer simulation technology (CST) software by using the transient solver, based on the finite integration technique (FIT) and thoroughly validated through another computational technique i.e. finite element method (FEM), where a significant trend resemblance can be seen between the results of both solvers.Â Â Â
A Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna with a Wideband Circular Polarization excited by an H-Shaped Conformal Metal Strip
Authors: Illahi U. , Iqbal J. , I. Sulaiman M. , Alam M. , S. Mazliham M.
Published: July 2024

A unique conformal H-shaped metal strip has been used to excite a rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (DRA). By using this proposed single feeding technique, a broadband circular polarization has been produced. A circular polarization bandwidth of ~17.6% and an impedance-matching bandwidth of ~21.6% with a useful overlap of ~14.4% has been achieved. The Computer simulation technology (CST), a 3D simulation tool has been used to design and simulate the antenna prototype. The design has been successfully built and simulated using Finite Integration Technique (FIT). The results of FIT has been validated by Finite Element Method (FEM) i.e. another simulation technique available in CST. A great resemblance between the results from FIT and FEM has been observed.Â Â
Preliminary Investigation of Formulated Two in One Filter Aids Material as VOC Adsorbent
Authors: Masdiana N. , Rashid M. , Hajar S. , NorRuwaida J. , R.Ammar M.
Published: July 2024

Continuous adsorption of toluene gas onto newly formulated filter aids was studied in packed-bed column. Two different ratios of formulated filter aids prekotAC (prekotAC 5:95 and prekotAC 10:90) Â which is a mixture between pre-coating material of PreKotâ„¢ and activated carbon was experimentally adsorbed toluene gas (100 ppm) at constant temperature (25oC) and flow rate (0.55 lpm) onto two different amount of adsorbents (5 and 10 mg) and the experimental breakthrough curve was obtained. The results showed that, bu using 10 mg samples, prekotAC 10:90 had longer time (28 min) to reach equilibrium point compared to prekotAC 5:95 (22 min) and the amount of adsorbent used significantly affect the adsorption performance where adsorption performance was directly proportional to the amount of adsorbent used.Â
Pretreatment of Sugarcane Bagasse by Hot Compressed Water In The Presences of Acid and Alkaline Promoters
Authors: Weerasai Khatiya , Laosiripojana Navadol , Champreda Verawat
Published: July 2024

Continual rise in utilization of the depleting fossil fuel leads to environmental concerns related to greenhouse gas release which makes finding sustainable alternative platform industry for the production of fuels, commodity chemicals, and materials from renewable plant biomass of great interest. Pretreatment of the starting biomass is a pre-requisite in sugar platform biorefinery in order to increase enzymatic digestibility of the recalcitrant lignocellulosic materials. In this work, pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse was studied under hot compressed water condition in the presence of several acid/alkali promoters (1.5% H2SO4, 5% NaOH) or alternatively in weak acid (acetic acid) or base (triethylamine (TEA) as the sole reaction medium under low reaction temperatures (80 to 120 Â°C) for 30 min with pressurized nitrogen gas at 20 bar with continuous stirring at 100 rpm. It was found that the use of base promoters strong base NaOH are efficient in pretreatment under the low temperature in experimental conditions enhancing biomass pretreatment efficiency with high delignification efficiency and high cellulose recovery.Â Â
A Review of Solid State Processes in Manufacture of Functionally Graded Materials
Authors: Tripathy Aravind , Kumar Sarangi Saroj , Kumar Chaubey Anil
Published: July 2024

The demand for materials exhibiting multiple functionalities & having greater relevance to aerospace & other similar applications have led researchers to develop such materials named Functionally Graded Materials, having properties that may be tailored for a definite application. Better stiffness-to-weight ratio characteristic of such material is the main reason of their popularity today. Efforts are also directed to produce such materials in bulks and in a cost-effective manner. An overview of fabrication methods such as Powder metallurgy, Solid Freeform Fabrication, Laser cladding, Selective Laser Sintering, 3-D Printing and Selective Laser Melting etc. are deliberated here. The quality of FGM produced with better awareness, research and patronization at the state level is a continuous process, hence a review of solid state processes in manufacture of Functionally Graded Materials is the need of the hour.Â
Phase-Fast Estimation Algorithm Using PLL and Feed-Forward
Authors: Kim Kuk-Hyeon , Park Jin-Wook , Park Seong-Mi , Park Sung-Jun
Published: July 2024

Background/Objectives: In order to compensate the fluctuation of the generator frequency when the load of the generator suddenly changed, the control system by the mechanical time constant is operated through the governor control.Methods/Statistical analysis: In this paper, we propose an algorithm to detect the active power of the generator momentarily and to perform feedforward control using it to reduce frequency fluctuation when the load suddenly changed. A high - speed PLL algorithm for grid linkage by phase estimation is also proposed in the case of phase topologyFindings: In order to compensate the instability of the phase information obtained from the two-phase stationary coordinate system, the proposed high-speed PLL algorithm implements an algorithm for estimating the phase angle robust to the disturbance as a result of using the phase information on the stationary coordinate system using the low.Improvements/Applications: As a result of the use of the proposed algorithm through the PSIM simulation, a highly interlaced phase angle test was implemented and applied to the coupled inverter.Â
Design and Development of Small Chamber-Type Low-pressure Plasma Surface Treatment Equipment to Improve the Shear Bond Strength of Materials for Dental Prostheses
Authors: Moon Byung-Kwon , Ko Kyoung-Tag , Lee Jong-Tak , Ji Min-Kyung , Bang Jun-Ho , Ryu In-Ho
Published: July 2024

Background/Objectives: This study was to design a small chamber-type equipment by investigating the influence of dental prostheses treatment on the shear bond strength.Methods/Statistical analysis: The equipment was designed for the requirement of dental prostheses surface treatment. Two groups of zirconia disks were treated with low-pressure plasma (LP) by the prepared equipment (13.7 mA, 625V, 8.6W and minimum vacuum degree) and atmospheric plasma jet (AP), individually. In addition, untreated disks were regarded as the control. One-way ANOVA analysis was used to compare different surface treating groups.Findings: The output of power supply graph indicated the equipment was obtained the steady power(48kHz). On comparison, it existed a statistically significant different between the LP group and the control group (p<0.05). However, the results of the LP group and AP group were similar. Among the all, the highest shear bone strength value was found in the LP group (8.50Â±2.87MPa) and the lowest in the control group (5.57Â±3.28MPa). The low-pressure plasma surface treatment seems to have a better ability than other types of surface treatment (atmospheric plasma jet, etc.). Moreover, it is expected to be utilized in treating the surface of dental prostheses with plasma.Improvements/Applications: This LP surface treatment equipment for dental prostheses was found to function better than other surface treatment equipments. It is optimal to develop in the dental prostheses modified field.Â
Image Enhancement by Unsharp Mask Filtering Based on Detrending Method
Authors: Kim Jeong-Hwan , Lee Kang-Hwi , Lee Jeong-Whan , Kim Kyeong-Seop
Published: July 2024

Background/Objectives: Unsharp Masking (UM) technique has been widely used to enhance high-frequency details such as edges by subtracting its local blurriness involved in pre-fixed low-pass filter mask operations and adding high-frequency weighting elements toÂ  original image. However, UM process has a major drawback: it estimates only local blurriness by performing convolution operation involved with the pixels in the limited spatial scope. With this aim, we present a new UM method by detrending analysis where overall blurriness in a given image is estimated in terms of a slow and non-stationary global tendency that is resultant of merging adjacent local trends.Methods/Statistical analysis: In our study, global non-stationary trend was estimated by applying detrending method that was originally developed based on smoothness priors approach to estimate slow and non-stationary trend in Heart Rate Variability (HRV) analysis. In our study, non-stationary trend was resolved by merging subsequent local trends due to the limitations in inverse-matrix computations and this global tendency was interpreted as non-stationary part for applying detrending analysis.Findings: Our test results reveal that the suggested UM approach can efficiently estimate the global trend of an image and subsequently it can be utilized to improve the sharpness and contrast of an image.Improvements/Applications: In this study, zigzag-scanning algorithm was used to convert two-dimensional image data into one-dimensional vector form to estimate non-stationary trend of an image based on detrending analysis. In the future study, it might need to explore the role of specific scanning-order how this factor affects the performance of estimating local blurriness of an image.Â
High Performance Controller for 100HP Grade Agricultural Vehicles
Authors: Suh Ki-Bum , . .
Published: July 2024

Background/Objectives: In this paper, the high performance controller design which can handle all the electric components in agricultural vehicle is proposed and implemented.Methods/Statistical analysis: To test the controller, we made the environment for testing the developed controller and monitored the responses using CAN Bus.Findings: By introducing RTOS, simultaneous response of all 12 inputs is possible. By introducing the power management module, standby current is maintained in the unit of uA.Improvements/Applications: It can be used for agricultural tractor for any vendor.Â
Robust Fault Diagnosis for a Quadrotor with Actuator Fault
Authors: P. Nguyen N. , K. Hong S.
Published: July 2024

Background/Objectives: Fault diagnosis (FD) is a main role in active fault tolerant control system. It can not only determine the location but also estimate the magnitude of fault.Methods/Statistical analysis: This article presents an adaptive fault diagnosis approach for a quadrotor with a simulated actuator fault. Firstly, the dynamics of the quadrotor are considered as a state space model. The magnitude of fault is identified through an adaptive law. Designed matrices and parameters are solving by linear matrix inequalities (LMI).Findings: Unlike previous studies, the present method can determine time-varying actuator faults with disturbances consideration.Improvements/Applications: Simulation results demonstrate that proposed method can estimate time-varying faults with high accuracy.Â Â