bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genomic prediction of celiac disease targeting HLA-positive individuals
Authors: Abraham Gad , Rohmer Alexia , Tye-Din Jason A. , Inouye Michael
Published: July 2015

Background

Genomic prediction aims to leverage genome-wide genetic data towards better disease diagnostics and risk scores. We have previously published a genomic risk score (GRS) for celiac disease (CD), a common and highly heritable autoimmune disease, which differentiates between CD cases and population-based controls at a clinically-relevant predictive level, improving upon other gene-based approaches. HLA risk haplotypes, particularly HLA-DQ2.5, are necessary but not sufficient for CD, with at least one HLA risk haplotype present in up to half of most Caucasian populations. Here, we assess a genomic prediction strategy that specifically targets this common genetic susceptibility subtype, utilizing a supervised learning procedure for CD that leverages known HLA-DQ2.5 risk.

Methods

Using L1/L2-regularized support-vector machines trained on large European case-control datasets, we constructed novel CD GRSs specific to individuals with HLA-DQ2.5 risk haplotypes (GRS-DQ2.5) and compared them with the predictive power of the existing CD GRS (GRS14) as well as two haplotype-based approaches, externally validating the results in a North American case-control study.

Results

Consistent with previous observations, both the existing GRS14 and the GRS-DQ2.5 had better predictive performance than the HLA haplotype approaches. GRS-DQ2.5 models, based on directly genotyped or imputed markers, achieved similar levels of predictive performance (AUC = 0.718-0.73), which were substantially higher than those obtained from the DQ2.5 zygosity alone (AUC = 0.558), the HLA risk haplotype method (AUC = 0.634), or the generic GRS14 (AUC = 0.679). In a screening model of at-risk individuals, the GRS-DQ2.5 lowered the number of unnecessary follow-up tests for CD across most sensitivity levels. Relative to a baseline implicating all DQ2.5-positive individuals for follow-up, the GRS-DQ2.5 resulted in a net saving of 2.2 unnecessary follow-up tests for each justified test while still capturing 90 % of DQ2.5-positive CD cases.

Conclusions

Genomic risk scores for CD that target genetically at-risk sub-groups improve predictive performance beyond traditional approaches and may represent a useful strategy for prioritizing individuals at increased risk of disease, thus potentially reducing unnecessary follow-up diagnostic tests.
A fixed point theorem for Meir-Keeler type contraction via Gupta-Saxena expression
Authors: Redjel Najeh , Dehici Abdelkader , Erhan İnci M
Published: July 2015

In this paper, following the idea of Samet et al. (J. Nonlinear. Sci. Appl. 6:162-169, 2013), we establish a new fixed point theorem for a Meir-Keeler type contraction via Gupta-Saxena rational expression which enables us to extend and generalize their main result (Gupta and Saxena in Math. Stud. 52:156-158, 1984). As an application we derive some fixed points of mappings of integral type.
Rapid and efficient bioconversion of chicory inulin to fructose by immobilized thermostable inulinase from Aspergillus tubingensis CR16
Authors: Trivedi Sneha , Divecha Jyoti , Shah Tapan , Shah Amita
Published: July 2015

Background

Fructose, a monosaccharide, has gained wide applications in food, pharmaceutical and medical industries because of its favourable properties and health benefits. Biocatalytic production of fructose from inulin employing inulinase is the most promising alternative for fructose production. For commercial production, use of immobilized inulinase is advantageous as it offers reutilization of enzyme and increase in stability. In order to meet the demand of concentrated fructose syrup, inulin hydrolysis at high substrate loading is essential.

Results

Inulinase was immobilized on chitosan particles and employed for fructose production by inulin hydrolysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed linkage of inulinase with chitosan particles. Immobilized biocatalyst displayed significant increase in thermostability at 60 and 65 °C. Statistical model was proposed with an objective of optimizing enzymatic inulin hydrolytic process. At high substrate loading (17.5 % inulin), using 9.9 U/g immobilized inulinase at 60 °C in 12 h, maximum sugar yield was 171.1 ± 0.3 mg/ml and productivity was 14.25 g/l/h. Immobilized enzyme was reused for ten cycles. Raw inulin from chicory and asparagus was extracted and supplied in 17.5 % for enzymatic hydrolysis as a replacement of pure inulin. More than 70 % chicory inulin and 85 % asparagus inulin were hydrolyzed under optimized parameters at 60 °C. Results of high performance liquid chromatography confirmed the release of fructose after inulin hydrolysis.

Conclusions

The present findings prove potentiality of immobilized thermostable inulinase from Aspergillus tubingensis CR16 for efficient production of fructose syrup. Successful immobilization of inulinase on chitosan increased its stability and provided the benefit of enzyme reutilization. Box-Behnken design gave a significant model for inulin hydrolysis. Extraction of raw inulin from chicory and asparagus and their enzymatic hydrolysis using immobilized inulinase suggested that it can be a remarkable cost-effective process for large-scale fructose production.
Large-scale forest inventories of the United States and China reveal positive effects of biodiversity on productivity
Authors: Watson James V , Liang Jingjing , Tobin Patrick C , Lei Xiangdong , Rentch James S , Artis Catherine E
Published: July 2015

Background

With the loss of species worldwide due to anthropogenic factors, especially in forested ecosystems, it has become more urgent than ever to understand the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationship (BEFR). BEFR research in forested ecosystems is very limited and thus studies that incorporate greater geographic coverage and structural complexity are needed.

Methods

We compiled ground-measured data from approx. one half million forest inventory sample plots across the contiguous United States, Alaska, and northeastern China to map tree species richness, forest stocking, and productivity at a continental scale. Based on these data, we investigated the relationship between forest productivity and tree species diversity, using a multiple regression analysis and a non-parametric approach to account for spatial autocorrelation.

Results

In general, forests in the eastern United States consisted of more tree species than any other regions in the country. The highest forest stocking values over the entire study area were concentrated in the western United States and Central Appalachia. Overall, 96.4 % of sample plots (477,281) showed a significant positive effect of species richness on site productivity, and only 3.6 % (17,349) had an insignificant or negative effect.

Conclusions

The large number of ground-measured plots, as well as the magnitude of geographic scale, rendered overwhelming evidence in support of a positive BEFR. This empirical evidence provides insights to forest management and biological conservation across different types of forested ecosystems. Forest timber productivity may be impaired by the loss of species in forests, and biological conservation, due to its potential benefits on maintaining species richness and productivity, can have profound impacts on the functioning and services of forested ecosystems.
INCREASE OF POWER EFFICIENCY OF WOOD MACHINES
Authors: Хахина  , Khakhina A , Никифорова  , Nikiforova A , Рудов  , Rudov M.
Published: July 2015

Manufacturers of wood machines, in struggle for the consumer and new commodity markets of production, do the rate on development of more produc-tive and economic technics. It, first of all, is provided due to increase in the estab-lished capacity of the engine, increase of working and transport speeds, decrease in losses of time for operations.
INFLUENCE OF AERODYNAMICS SAFETY OF OPERATION OF VEHICLES
Authors: Киселева  , Kiseleva Natalya
Published: July 2015

To improve the safety of the transport of passengers and goods by road is necessary to pay attention to aerodynamics capable of providing of pollution re-duction cell vehicles. The article considers ways to prevent the deterioration of visibility from the driver´s car.
Mathematical Substantiation of technological process of separation of forest seed HEAP
Authors: Новиков  , Novikov Artur
Published: July 2015

Оn the basis of the analysis of the interaction between the disk of the work-ing body of the separator with difficult allocated by the seed particles heap soft-wood given mathematical justification of the choice optimal parameters techno-logical process
MANIPULATOR FOR PLASMA SPRAYING COATINGS AND HARDENING OF CYLINDRICAL SURFACES WITH EXCENTRICITY
Authors: Бухтояров  , Bukhtoyarov Vladimir , Будюкин  , Budyukin A , Кадырметов  , Kadyrmetov Anvar , Лихачева  , Likhacheva A
Published: July 2015

The technology of restoration and strengthening of the shafts with the use of plasma spraying, as well as the design of the device for its implementation
A Model of Collective Interpretation
Authors: Gavetti Giovanni , Warglien Massimo
Published: July 2015

We propose a cognitively plausible formal model of collective interpretation. The model represents how members of a collective interact to interpret their environment. Current theories of collective interpretation focus on how heedful communication among members of a collective (i.e., how much individuals pay attention to others’ interpretations) improves interpretive performance; their general assumption is that heed tends to be uniformly beneficial. By unpacking the micromechanisms that underlie such performance, our model reveals a more complex story. Heedfulness can benefit interpretive performance. It can help collectives properly interpret situations that are especially ambiguous, unknown, or novel. Conversely, heedfulness also generates conformity pressures that induce agents to give too much weight to others’ interpretations, even if erroneous, thereby potentially degrading interpretive performance. These two effects join into a nonmonotonic trajectory that represents how heed relates to interpretive performance: due to its beneficial properties, performance increases with heed until it peaks before degrading due to conformity pressures. The form of this nonmonotonic relationship is contingent on the nature of the task: ambiguous situations make collectives vulnerable to too much heed: ambiguity ignites conformism; novel situations make collectives dependent on heed: novelty requires multiple eyes to be seen. In addition to these results, our model offers a flexible platform that future work can use to explore collective interpretation in a variety of organizational and supraorganizational contexts.
Effect of thyroxine on cardiac GLUT4 changes in duced by doxorubicin
Authors: Mandziuk Slawomir , Czubara Urszula , Korga Agnieszka , Madej-Czerwonka Barbara , Cendrowska-Pinkosz Monika , Dudka Jaroslaw ,   Oncological Pneumology and Alergology Department, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland,   Medical Biology Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland,   Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
Published: July 2015

Doxorubicin is an efficient anticancer drug that causes a dose-dependent cumulative cardiotoxicity as one of the most serious side effects. This cardiotoxicity may develop for months or years leading to heart failure that is not curable. It is generally believed that the mechanism of these phenomena is followed by periodical, progressive oxidative damage in mitochondria triggered by doxorubicin. Serious disturbance in mitochondria may activate glycolysis as an alternative pathway to ATP synthesis. The fuel for this process is glucose, which is transported into cells via GLUT4. The objective of this study was to test the thesis that thy roxine modulates changes in cardiac expression of GLUT4 in rats re ceiv ing doxo ru bi cin. Rats were intraperitoneally treated with doxorubicin (1.5 mg/kg) once a week for ten weeks. Apart from doxorubicin, thyroxine was simultaneously given in drinking water (0.2 or 2.0 mg/l) for fourteen weeks. The study confirmed that doxorubicin increases cardiac concentration of mRNA and protein for GLUT4. Thyroxine had no sig nifi cant ef fect on mRNA and protein of GLUT4 changes induced by doxorubicin.
Primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the esophagus
Authors: Lewkowic Dorota , Fronczek Agnieszka , Dąbrowski Andrzej , Szumiło Justyna ,   Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland,   2nd Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
Published: July 2015

Primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the esophagus is a very rare entity characterized by poor prognosis. Two new cases with clinicopathological characteristics are presented. In both female patients aged 62 and 66 who suffered from dysphagia for a few months, subtotal esophagectomy with lymph nodes dissection was performed. The final diagnosis was based on the pathological examination of surgical specimens. The morphology of tumors was typical with additional squamous cell carcinoma component inone case. Characteristic neuroendocrine granules were also revealed in electron microscope. Neoplastic cells were positive forpancytokeratin, chromogranin A and synaptophysin. Infiltration into the esophageal adventitia with vessel invasion andinvolvement of multiple regional lymph nodes was observed. The patients have died respectively nine and four months after the operation.
Dimethicone impact on aeration of suppository mass in Unguator mixing machine
Authors: Winnicki Andrzej Marek , Partyka Danuta , Jachowic Katarzyna , Macherowski Tomasz , Marchwiński Łukasz , Nędza Paulina , Stebnicka Martyna , Sulejewska Joanna ,   Chair of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ludwig Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
Published: July 2015

Suppository mass foaming is an important technological problem when making suppositories in an Unguator mixing machine that has an impact on the final quality and the decreased content of an active ingredient in suppositories. Dimethicone is commonly
used as antifoam reducing the surface tension of liquid, which forms walls of gas bubbles. The study shows that using dimethicone results in the reduction of aeration of the suppository mass from 10.5% to 20.1%.
AC-impedance spectroscopy and caries detection
Authors: Chałas Renata , Piątek Dominika , Wójcik-Chęcińska Ilona , Zubrzycka-Wróbel Joanna , Bachanek Teresa ,   Chair and Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
Published: July 2015

Many studies have shown that the accurate diagnosis before cavitation occurs could reduce need for drilling and filling. Among many techniques, measurement of electrical resistance (impedance) of dental tissues looks promising. The role of AC-impedance spectroscopy in caries detection is discussed and a relatively new device CarieScan PRO™ based on this phenomena is described. Changes in tooth mineral density detected by this tool as numerical and color codes are distinguished.
Bioavailability of surface dissolved organic matter to aphotic bacterial communities in the Amundsen Sea Polynya, Antarctica
Authors: Sipler Rachel E. , Connelly Tara L.
Published: July 2015

Antarctic seas, and particularly the Amundsen Sea Polynya, are some of the most productive oceanic regions on Earth. Ice-algal production during austral spring is followed by open-water pelagic production later in the season. Although ice-free growth accounts for a greater percentage of the annual net primary production, ice algae provide an important source of nutrients to organisms throughout the water column and benthos in areas and seasons when open-water production is insignificant. The objectives of this study were to assess the bioavailability of dissolved organic matter (DOM), sourced from ice algae or the chlorophyll maximum (chl max), to marine bacterioplankton and to determine the fate of carbon within these different DOM pools, including loss to respiration, incorporation into bacterial biomass and retention within the DOM pool itself. Nutrient concentrations and bacterial abundance, production, and cell volume were monitored during a 7-day bioassay study involving four treatments conducted shipboard in the Amundsen Sea Polynya, Antarctica. The greatest response in bacterial abundance and activity was observed when ice-algal meltwater was supplied to aphotic zone bacterioplankton collected from 170-m depth. However, bacterial growth efficiency was higher (24%) when chl max water was supplied to the same aphotic zone bacterial community compared to the bacterial growth efficiency of the ice-algal treatment (15%). Approximately 15% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from the ice-algal source and 18% from the chl max was consumed by aphotic bacterial communities over the relatively short, one-week incubation. In contrast, 65% of the dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) added as an integral part of the ice-algal DOM was consumed, but none of the DON supplied with chl max water was labile. This study underscores the importance of considering DOM sources when investigating or predicting changes in carbon and nitrogen cycling within the Amundsen Sea.
A New Kind of Black Soldier: Performing Revolution in The Spook Who Sat by the Door
Authors: Reich Elizabeth
Published: July 2015

In The Spook Who Sat by the Door (1973), Army veteran and CIA agent Dan Freeman transforms himself from a self-proclaimed Uncle Tom into a black-nationalist revolutionary. His stated aim is to deliver black America into freedom as a new people while forcing the U. S. to stop the war in Vietnam, and his weapon of choice is racial performance. As Freeman trains his army in how to reuse old modalities and iconographies of blackness, Spook also insists that its spectators learn to look at race, racial representation, and racial history anew. Proposing a practice of blackness (and black spectatorship) that, like Jose Esteban Muñoz’s theory of “disidentification,” destabilizes the categories and meanings of race themselves, Spook ’s creators argue for trans-racial, transnational identity no longer rooted in the black American past but rather tied to a post-Watts, post-Vietnam global future, and Third World consciousness.
“Fasten Your Shackles”: Remembering Slavery and Laughing about It in George C. Wolfe’s The Colored Museum
Authors: Knight Christina
Published: July 2015

In the first “exhibit” of George C. Wolfe’s The Colored Museum (1986), a series of loosely connected vignettes that address American legacies of racism and representation, the audience becomes refigured as conscripts on “Celebrity Slaveship.” Wolfe’s choice to begin the play with imagery from the slave trade suggests that the legacy of slavery connects each of the play’s otherwise disparate moments. This essay uses three exhibits from the play to investigate how Wolfe links the history of slavery to contemporary black experiences. For example, the attendant onboard Celebrity Slaveship presents the audience with a “pat” or glib history of slavery, echoing popular beliefs that slavery was a “means to an end” for both blacks and America more generally. By contrast, Wolfe’s inclusion of Snap! Queen Miss Roj illuminates ongoing distinctions between the self and debased “Other” that link the slave trade with the AIDS crisis. Additionally, in Wolfe’s “colored” country girl Normal Jean, this article interprets the playwright conflates the teen’s painful birth with a middle passage journey in order to engage with Reagan-era pathologization of black women’s bodies. Ultimately, Wolfe returns again and again to the originary moment of the African diaspora in order to reimagine it as a generative myth of contemporary black perseverance in the face of ongoing racial abjection.
“The People Inside My Head, Too”: Madness, Black Womanhood, and the Radical Performance of Lauryn Hill
Authors: Bruce La Marr Jurelle
Published: July 2015

Lauryn Hill was twenty-three years old when her 1998 solo debut album, The
Miseducation of Lauryn Hill , burst upon the global music market and
swiftly became one of the most acclaimed and popular hip hop albums in
history. Heralded by a hip hop beat, crooning love songs and rally cries,
beaming black pride, and clamoring womanist wisdom, Hill scaled the
treacherous summit of global pop stardom and was hailed as genius and
prophetess. However, within four years Hill fell from the favor of much of
the mainstream market. To have many pundits tell it, she veered across the
thin line that supposedly separates genius from madness and prophecy from
lunacy. This essay explores how various publics and pundits impute madness
to Lauryn Hill and--most centrally--how Hill herself produces, mobilizes, and
brandishes madness for radical art-making and self-making. Toward these
aims, I closely examine her 2002 Unplugged 2.0 live album, as well as
other performances, interviews, and media accounts. Her voice tuned to a
mad pitch, Hill speaks truth to power and issues a sound that sometimes
booms, sometimes sputters. Ultimately, this meditation upon Hill's life and
work yields rich insights on black womanhood, performance, protest, and
madness in American popular culture and beyond.
“Another Map of the South Side”: Native Son as Postcolonial Novel
Authors: Reed Anthony
Published: July 2015

“Another Map of the South Side” traces the resonances between Native Son and the film Bigger watches during a pivotal scene to tease out the international and colonial political contexts of Wright’s novel. Reading the film’s references to Trader Horn , this essay argues that Bigger Thomas moves between the positions of native and native informant, without fully achieving the position of explorer himself. Mapping Dark Continent tropes onto Chicago’s mostly black South Side, the novel situates imagined black “otherness” within a global context, establishing synchronisms between U. S. and global forms of economic exploitation, racialized epistemologies, and knowledge production.
Frances E. W. Harper’s Educational Reservations: The Indian Question in Iola Leroy
Authors: Cantiello Jessica Wells
Published: July 2015

This essay reads Frances E. W. Harper’s 1892 novel Iola Leroy, or Shadows Uplifted in the context of discourses and policies around Native Americans in the period. Harper’s allusions to North American Indians and references to civilization and savagery throughout the text position African Americans in opposition to Native Americans. By rhetorically setting the two groups apart, Harper advocates for a different type of education for African Americans instead of the state-sponsored, culture-eradicating boarding school model of Native American education at the time.
If You Look in My Life: Love, Hip-Hop Soul, and Contemporary African American Womanhood
Authors: Lindsey Treva B.
Published: July 2015

This essay reflects upon Mary J. Blige’s lyrical content as an entry point for delving into the relationship between hip-hop soul and contemporary African American womanhood. Hip hop is often viewed as a music-scape predominated by assertions of African American male identities. Hip-hop soul artists such as Blige created a distinct space for explorations of African American womanhood through their crafting and performing of women-centered hip-hop-era narratives. Mary J. Blige’s discography captures a contemporary African American working-class women’s ethos that pivots around the desire for love. Hip hop soul affords a narrative window into the lives, thoughts, and aspirations, of African American women of the hip hop generation. Moving from close readings of Blige’s lyrics from her debut and sophomore albums to critical considerations of Blige’s collaborations with African American male emcees, I situate this hip hop era songstress’s discography within black feminist oral and narrative traditions. Describing Blige’s lyrics as black feminist narratives further expands the parameters of hip-hop feminism and illuminates a viable and dynamic site for contesting both the primacy of masculinist narratives and the limited visibility of women-authored narratives within hip hop.
Hip_Hop Redux: A Plugin with Extensions
Authors: Heath R. Scott
Published: July 2015

Hip_hop as it has been traditionally modeled over the past few decades is broken in several aspects—namely as a nationalist construction, as a productive underground movement, as a barometer of the real, and certainly as an adequate sign for authentic black identity. Hip_hop’s aesthetic character has in many senses outgrown the performative boundaries of its original elements as well as the limitations of its presumed American singularity, anticipating further revisions of conventional representations of blackness and Americanness in public discourse. For this and other reasons, solely text-based readings of hip_hop fail because of their dependence on narratives that have been disrupted and that will continue to evidence its ruptures. Alternatively, hip_hop itself—hip_hop properly built as a way of reading culture (as a theory or a set of theories) rather than hip_hop defined by its text—still has very useful applications.!
“Maybe I’ll Be a Poet, Rapper”: Hip-Hop Feminism and Literary Aesthetics in Push
Authors: Cooper Brittney
Published: July 2015

This article argues that Push is properly read within the tradition of hip-hop feminist literature and aesthetics. The novel’s invocation of hip hop as the cultural backdrop of protagonist Precious’s coming-of-age intervenes in black literary aesthetics in two ways. First, the novel is the first in the tradition of African American women’s literature to offer a protagonist whose primary self-articulation is understood through hip hop, rather than jazz or the blues. Thus I argue that this text both takes up the cultural project of making space for hip-hop music begun in Toni Morrison’s Jazz and acts as a critique of the way that Morrison invokes (or rather doesn’t invoke) hip-hop culture a decade later in Love . Second, however, I contend that this text intervenes in male-centered genealogies of hip-hop aesthetics, arguing for a different set of cultural narratives through which female hip-hop protagonists understand themselves—ultimately that history includes the hip-hop practice of sampling from black women novelists like Alice Walker and Toni Morrison and soul singers like Aretha Franklin. Through the invocation of this black feminist past, Precious begins to articulate her own nascent hip-hop feminist consciousness. Thus, I argue that Push acts as a bridge text between more traditional canonical African American women’s novels by Walker and Morrison and more recent hip-hop, urban, or street novels like those by Sistah Souljah, Nikki Turner, Wahida Clark, and others.
Moving In and Stepping Out: Gwendolyn Brooks’s Children at Midcentury
Authors: Phillips Michelle H.
Published: July 2015

Drawing on archival evidence, “Moving In and Stepping Out” reinterprets Gwendolyn Brooks’s novel Maud Martha , her long poem, “The Life of Lincoln West,” and her volume of poetry for children, Bronzeville Boys and Girls through an intertextual lens. Together, this cluster of texts supports a reassessment of Brooks’s midcentury project, one which suggests a pre-1967 shift toward black aesthetics and a revised vision of that aesthetic to include a particular emphasis on the poetics and geographies of childhood as unsuspected vehicles for stepping outside of established social narratives of race, gender, and age subordination.
Sounds of Sympathy: William Wells Brown’s Anti-Slavery Harp , Abolition, and the Culture of Early and Antebellum American Song
Authors: McClendon Aaron D.
Published: July 2015

In “Sounds of Sympathy,” I contextualize William Wells Brown’s Anti-Slavery Harp (1848) within the eighteenth- and nineteenth-century American hymnodic reforms, the ecstatic singing of the Second Great Awakening, minstrelsy, the rise of the Hutchinson Family Singers, and the culture of antislavery song more generally. Ultimately, I argue that Brown’s songbook—which included two of his own compositions—was Brown’s effort to harness sound as a tool to aid abolition.
“Belch the pity! / Straddle the city!”: Helene Johnson’s Late Poetry and the Rhetoric of Empowerment
Authors: Rutter Emily R.
Published: July 2015

Complementing recent critical efforts to recuperate Helene Johnson as a seminal voice of the 1920s and ’30s, this essay considers her late poems, which have been critically understudied thus far. This essay argues that Johnson continued to revise and rework the rhetoric of empowerment that characterizes her New Negro-era poetry long after she ceased publishing. In particular, she remained in poetic opposition to the Anglo-American male privilege—represented most notably by her allusions to T. S. Eliot’s “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”—that pushed Johnson and her African American feminist perspective to the margins decades before.
“Isn’t This Counterrevolutionary?”: Discourse and Silence in the Erotic Poetry of Nikki Giovanni, Kalamu ya Salaam, and Etheridge Knight
Authors: Esquivel Anna M.
Published: July 2015

This essay revisits the poetry of Nikki Giovanni, Etheridge Knight, and Kalamu ya Salaam in light of radical eroticism. It argues that the structure of these poets’ texts reveals the layered complexities of erotic subjectivity and approximates the sexual becoming of the black revolutionary. As such, these poems radicalize the textual spaces, narratives, and activisms that have dominated the discourse of black sexuality.
Songs of the Righteous Spirit: "Men of High Purpose" and Their Chinese Poetry in Modern Japan
Authors: Fraleigh Matthew
Published: July 2015

Matthew Fraleigh examines how "men of high purpose" ( shishi ), a group of mid-nineteenth-century samurai who embraced nationalist causes, wrote poetry to fashion themselves in the image of heroes and statesmen of Chinese antiquity. Focusing in particular on their creative adaptation and re-envisioning of Wen Tianxiang's "Song of the Righteous Spirit," Fraleigh analyzes how Fujita T?ko, Yoshida Shōin, Takasugi Shinsaku, Saigō Takamori, and others reworked specific Chinese allusions and texts, which in turn circulated as an intertextual currency among the shishi . Through writings thus enriched by a selfreferential intertextuality, shishi forged important social and literary connections among themselves. The process of naturalization, argues Fraleigh, happened not through the de-sinification of the poetic form itself, but rather through the exploitation of an expanding discursive sphere that became increasingly contemporaneous and localized.
Rediscovering Ying Qu and His Poetic Relationship to Tao Qian
Authors: Lin Pauline
Published: July 2015

Exploring literary connections between Tao Qian (365-427) and Ying Qu (190-252), P AULINE L IN reevaluates the originality of Tao's poems. She revisits the claim of Zhong Rong (469?-518)-which has been dismissed by most commentators since the Song dynasty-that Ying Qu influenced Tao Qian. Drawing upon Ying Qu's little-read but oncefamous epistles, she notes marked literary similarities between the two poets. Further drawing evidence from the works of minor Eastern Jin poets, she suggests that idioms for the recluse gentleman, which critics had strongly associated with Tao Qian, actually circulated widely. Considering matters of transmission and preservation, Lin investigates why Tao Qian became a forceful poetic voice whereas Ying Qu is less well known; and why Tao Qian's connection to Ying Qu and the minor poets has been underplayed, if not forgotten.
Self-Struggles of a Martyr: Memories, Dreams, and Obsessions in the Extant Diary of Huang Chunyao
Authors: Struve Lynn A.
Published: July 2015

Historians have long ascribed the self-martyrdom of Huang Chunyao during the Manchu-Qing seizure of Jiading City in 1645 to his stringent cultivation of Confucian principles. Informed by findings from contemporary psychology, memory studies, and research on dreaming, L ynn A. S truve brings to light dimensions of Huang’s fraught consciousness that traditional biographical sources tend to obscure. Using to advantage the diary that Huang kept in the spring of 1644 (little known until the twentieth century), she delves deeply into Huang’s mental state—including his immersion in Chan Buddhism—during the Ming dynastic collapse. She thereby shows that individual temperament, no less than factors of creed, culture, and social status, illuminates why certain people respond more radically than others to conditions that impinge on all.
Tradition and Individuality in Wang Anshi's Tang bai jia shixuan
Authors: Yang Xiaoshan
Published: July 2015

Xiaoshan Yang examines the controversy concerning why Wang Anshi (1021-1086) should have omitted many canonical poets, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, and Han Yu, when compiling his anthology, Tang bai jia shixuan -the largest anthology of Tang poetry up to its time. Yang argues that Wang's anthology is not as idiosyncratic as many commentators contended but is instead derivative of a tradition that started in the Tang itself and would endure throughout the Yuan period. In this tradition, major Tang poets were routinely underrepresented or even excluded. Noting the discordance between anthology compilation and canon formation, Yang cautions us against assuming that anthologies played a crucial role in shaping Tang poetic canons as we know them today, especially when we are dealing with the tradition prior to the Ming period.
A Utopia of Self-Help: Imagining Rural Japan in the Meiji-Era Novels of Ambition
Authors: Van Compernolle Timothy J.
Published: July 2015

Timothy Van Compernolle examines the bestselling "novels of ambition" ( risshi shōsetsu ) that appeared at the end of the Meiji era-just when the school system had become so rigid as to narrow opportunities in the metropolis for social advancement. Focusing on the works of the now forgotten author Horiuchi Shensen (1873-?), who was a staff writer for the magazine Seikō (Success), Van Compernolle argues that these novels created an imaginative literary space in which a rural society under siege from both capitalism and urbanization was symbolically rejuvenated and then made the only authentic and meaningful place for rising in the world and achieving success. He further demonstrates how this subgenre of the modern novel, in mapping out a particular social topography, engaged with early-twentieth-century debates over the relationship between the country, city, and nation in a rapidly modernizing Japan.
Chang'an and Narratives of Experience in Tang Tales
Authors: Feng Linda Rui
Published: July 2015

Linda Rui Feng examines "Li Wa zhuan" 李娃傳 (The Tale of Li Wa), by Bai Xingjian 白行簡 (776-826), and several lesser-known Tang-dynasty anecdotes to bring to light a perception of the capital of Chang'an that is based on narratives of the experiences of examinees who congregated there annually to compete for the jinshi degree. In contrast to the widely accepted view of Chang'an as divided into tightly regulated wards, these narratives recapture the newcomers' nonlinear view of urban space, a view that reflects their meandering itineraries. Analyzing how these tales represent the liminal, probationary phase in the lives of fledgling literati as they adjust to the urban milieu, Feng shows that Chang'an's spaces served as arenas for disseminating information, gossip, and opinions, as well as for forging the identities of Chang'an's newest denizens.
Howling Plants and Animals: Kim Suyŏng's Sovereign Language and Rereading "Grasses"
Authors: Lee Young-Jun
Published: July 2015

Young Jun Lee analyzes the poetry of the modern Korean writer Kim Suyŏng (1921-1968) in the context of the turbulent social-historical transformations involving Korea's loss of sovereignty, threats to individual life, and the disruption of a sense of belonging to the larger secular and sacred orders. Lee argues that Kim, in response to his times, questioned, and reduced to a state of silence the received meanings of language, and that from this liminal state of silence, or "speechless words," he produced new meanings. Kim Suyŏng located the lyric self in liminal positions, between the North and the South, night and day, transcendental heaven and immanent earth. Through his poetry he thus tried to transcend the sorrowful reality of a confrontational world and to retrieve the sovereign subjectivity of the modern Korean language.
Обратная задача для одного нелинейного уравнения в частных производных восьмого порядка
Authors: Юлдашев Турсун Камалдинович , Yuldashev Tursun Kamaldinivich
Published: July 2015

Изучены вопросы разрешимости обратной задачи для нелинейного уравнения в частных производных восьмого порядка, левая часть которого является суперпозицией псевдопараболического и псевдогиперболического операторов четвертого порядка. Обоснована применимость метода Фурье разделения переменных при изучении смешанной и обратной задач для нелинейного уравнения в частных производных восьмого порядка. С помощью метода разделения переменных смешанная задача сведена к изучению счетной системы нелинейных интегральных уравнений Вольтерра второго рода. Использование заданного интегрального условия привело к изучению нелинейного интегрального уравнения Вольтерра первого рода относительно второй неизвестной функции (относительно функции восстановления). С помощью неклассического интегрального преобразования однозначное восстановление второй неизвестной функции сведено к изучению однозначной разрешимости нелинейного интегрального уравнения Вольтерра второго рода. В результате получена система из двух нелинейных интегральных уравнений Вольтерра второго рода относительно двух неизвестных функций. Эта система однозначно разрешена с помощью метода последовательных приближений. Далее изучена устойчивость решений смешанной и обратной задач относительно начальных и дополнительно заданных функций.
Бигравитация в гамильтоновом формализме
Authors: Соловьев Владимир Олегович , Soloviev Vladimir Olegovich
Published: July 2015

Одним из путей решения проблемы темной энергии Вселенной является теория бигравитации, содержащая два метрических тензора, каждый из которых минимально взаимодействует со своим набором полей материи. Лагранжиан бигравитации является суммой двух лагранжианов общей теории относительности с разными гравитационными постоянными и разными наборами полей материи, а также потенциала взаимодействия двух метрик, не содержащего производных. В общем случае такая теория содержит 8 гравитационных степеней свободы: безмассовый гравитон, массивный гравитон и дух. Специальный выбор потенциала, предложенный де Рам, Габададзе и Толи (dRGT), позволяет избавиться от духовой степени свободы. Однако потенциал dRGT построен с помощью матричного квадратного корня и не является явной функцией от компонент двух метрик. Одним из путей обхода этой трудности является использование тетрадных переменных. В докладе рассмотрен альтернативный подход, в котором предполагается существование потенциала, выраженного дифференцируемой функцией компонент $(3+1)$-разложения двух метрик, затем выводятся свойства этой функции, необходимые и достаточные для исключения духовой степени свободы. Результаты получены с помощью анализа уравнений связи, возникающих в бигравитации, путем вычисления скобок Пуассона между связями и гамильтонианом. Основными гравитационными переменными являются две индуцированные на гиперповерхностях пространства метрики и сопряженные им импульсы, кроме того, в формализме в качестве вспомогательных переменных присутствуют функции смещения и сдвига обеих метрик. После этого исключения 3-х вспомогательных переменных остается набор из 4-х связей первого рода, порождающих диффеоморфизмы пространства-времени, относительно которых бигравитация инвариантна, и 2-х связей второго рода, исключающих духовую степень свободы. Получены следующие требования к потенциалу: потенциал удовлетворяет системе линейных дифференциальных уравнений первого порядка относительно всех своих аргументов; потенциал удовлетворяет однородному уравнению Монжа-Ампера относительно 4-х вспомогательных переменных; гессиан потенциала относительно 3-х вспомогательных переменных не вырожден.
Гиперболические теории и задачи механики континуума
Authors: Радаев Юрий Николаевич , Radayev Yuri Nikolaevich , Ковалeв Владимир Александрович , Kovalev Vladimir Aleksandrovich
Published: July 2015

Рассматриваются теории и задачи той части термомеханики континуума, которая не может быть корректно
сформулирована вне рамок гиперболических уравнений и систем таких уравнений. При этом
внимание сфокусировано на двух относительно новых гиперболических
теориях: теории трeхмерного идеально пластического течения и теории микрополярной термоупругости
второго типа (type-II thermoelasticity). Исследуются трeхмерные статические и кинематические уравнения теории идеальной
пластичности Ишлинского-Ивлева с точки зрения их аналитической классификации,
определения характеристических направлений и возможных подходов к построению интегрируемых соотношений.
Новые подходы к гиперболическим формулировкам связываются с введением дополнительных
базисных переменных, когда допустимыми признаются не только термодинамические переменные состояния
(так называемые «медленные переменные»), ассоциированные с термическими и микроструктурными
свойствами континуума, но и их референциальные градиенты («быстрые переменные»).
Развивается гиперболическая термомеханика микрополярных термоупругих сред на основе
теоретико-полевой схемы и с помощью вариационного функционала действия и принципа наименьшего
действия.
Robust stability of a class of uncertain fractional order linear systems with pure delay
Authors: Busłowicz Mikołaj , Ruszewski Andrzej
Published: July 2015

The paper considers the robust stability problem of uncertain continuous-time fractional order linear systems with pure delay in the following two cases: a) the state matrix is a linear convex combination of two known constant matrices, b) the state matrix is an interval matrix. It is shown that the system is robustly stable if and only if all the eigenvalues of the state matrix multiplied by delay in power equal to fractional order are located in the open stability region in the complex plane. Parametric description of boundary of this region is derived. In the case a) the necessary and sufficient computational condition for robust stability is established. This condition is given in terms of eigenvalue-loci of the state matrix, fractional order and time delay. In the case b) the method for determining the rectangle with sides parallel to the axes of the complex plane in which all the eigenvalues of interval matrix are located is given and the sufficient condition for robust stability is proposed. This condition is satisfied if the rectangle multiplied by delay in power equal to fractional order lie in the stability region. The considerations are illustrated by numerical examples.
Permutation, no-wait, no-idle flow shop problems
Authors: Makuchowski Mariusz
Published: July 2015

The paper compares the schedules of different variants of the flow shop problem, i.e. permutation, no waiting and no idle flow shop problems. It is assessed the impact of the constraints on the extension of the schedules and correlations of the length of the schedules for these variants. It is also examined the effectiveness of a set of insert type algorithms. The efficiency of the algorithms is tested on well-known literature benchmarks.
Descriptor standard and positive discrete-time nonlinear systems
Authors: Kaczorek Tadeusz
Published: July 2015

A method of analysis of descriptor nonlinear discrete-time systems with regular pencils of linear part is proposed. The method is based on the Weierstrass-Kronecker decomposition of the pencils. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the positivity of the nonlinear systems are established. A procedure for computing the solution to the equations describing the nonlinear systems are proposed and demonstrated on numerical examples.
Dynamic Properties of Concrete Composite Panels under Eccentric Compression Loading Tests
Authors: de Castro Magalhaes Max , da Silva Roberto M.
Published: July 2015

The main aim of this paper is to examine the variability of some dynamic properties of concrete composite panels to in-plane eccentric compression loads via static and dynamic impact testing. First, experimental tests were performed in order to obtain the dynamic and static properties of concrete composite panels. In-plane eccentric loads were statically applied to a couple of panels in ten uniform steps. For each step, dynamic impact testing was performed and the modal damping, peak amplitude and natural frequencies obtained. Second, a ‘hybrid’ model, based on the concepts of modal analysis and the Finite Element Method, was developed in order to obtain the natural frequencies and corresponding normal modes of the composite panels within the frequency range 0–200 Hz. For this model, an initial warp of the panel middle surface was incorporated into the formulation in order to represent the applied flexural moment provoked by the eccentric in-plane loads. The accuracy of the ‘hybrid’ model was verified by comparison with the experimental results. Third, comparison is made between predictions (using on the ‘hybrid’ model) and experimental results.
Be-nign Shmuel-bukh: On the Melody (or Melodies) Mentioned in Old-Yiddish Epics
Authors: Roman Oren
Published: July 2015

Die meisten altjiddischen Bibeldichtungen verwenden ebenso wie auch einige andere altjiddische Texte die gleiche, aus vier Versen bestehende Strophenform. Diese Struktur wird oft
Use of (R)-Mandelic Acid as Chiral Co-Catalyst in the Michael Addition Reaction Organocatalyzed by (1S,4S)-2-Tosyl-2,5-diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane under Solvent-Free Conditions
Authors: Ávila-Ortiz C. Gabriela , López-Ortiz Manuel , Vega-Peñaloza Alberto , Regla Ignacio , Juaristi Eusebio
Published: July 2015

This article describes a study on the Michael addition reaction of cyclohexanone to nitroolefins catalyzed by the chiral secondary amine (1S,4S)-2-tosyl- 2,5-diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane. Reactions were carried out under solvent-free conditions to make them more environmentally friendly. Initially, the observed diastereoand enantioselectivities were moderate to good, but were significantly improved by lowering the reaction temperature. Furthermore, a variety of chiral acids were also tested as co-catalysts in both of their enantiomeric forms, which revealed that (R)-mandelic acid affords excellent results in terms of yield and stereoselectivity. Monitoring the reaction by MS-TOF allowed for the detection of key reaction intermediates, and a reasonable reaction mechanism in which both catalysts are involved is proposed.
How image and text semantic analysis systems can be applied for educational and teaching purposes
Authors: Stašák Jozef
Published: July 2015

This contribution deals with algorithm closely related to design and implementation of simple database conceptual models based on terms and principles concerned to image and text semantic analysis, while the term deterministic image is being postulated and introduced and its structure elements are described. On the other hand, the presented contribution contains a set of adequate information, how that algorithm may be applied in teaching concerned to simple database conceptual model.
Karl Krumbacher and the history of Byzantine literature
Authors: Agapitos Panagiotis A.
Published: July 2015

The paper (structured in five parts) examines how Karl Krumbacher (1856-1909) formulated his major concepts about Byzantine literature and its history. After a brief look at Krumbacher’s formation as scholar, the main part of the paper examines the “history” of the writing of the Geschichte der byzantinischen Litteratur in its two editions, as well as the now forgotten Die griechische Litteratur des Mittelalters (1905), a chapter written for a popularizing volume on Greek and Latin literature. The main aim of the paper is to show which exactly were Krumbacher’s concepts on periodization, literature, language and culture in Byzantine times, and how these concepts influenced the way in which Byzantine and Early Modern Greek was viewed and studied until very recently.