bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning Traditional Denok Dance With Kinect Game
Authors: Darmawan Dominikus Reynard , Nugroho Erdhi Widyarto , Sanjaya Ridwan
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, culture exchange is so much easier, with the foreign culture walk in to Indonesia, our traditional culture start to be forgotten, one of them is our traditional dance. And also, studying our native culture is considered something outdated.  That why its needed a new media to  make our traditional culture more modern so not become forgotten. One of the media which can be used is a game and a technology called kinect, with both of it, can be made a simulation game of our traditional dance, so it can be a media for introducing our traditional dance or help to train the dancer.
Development of Psychology Based on Online with Edward Personality Preference Schedule and High Level Indonesian Collective Intelligence Test
Authors: Sudarto Richard Juan putra , Nugroho Erdhi Widyarto , Prasetya Hendra
Published: August 2021

Online psychotic are developed to keep up with current technological advancements. Application of Psychotest Development Based on Online with Edward Personality Preference Schedule and High-level Indonesian Collective Intelligence Test, developed for the benefit of the Soegijapranata Center for Applied Psychology. Making the application "Psychotest Development Based on Online with Type of EPPS and High TIKI" is motivated by the director's vision to be able to advance PPT Soegijapranata. In the process of creating an application design, sources were obtained from the director of the Center for Applied Psychology at Uneg Soegijapranata, the design obtained was the number of users, application flow, and mockup design. The goal to be achieved is to change the manual process to use technology. When testing 30 respondents, it was found that the Psychotest Development Application Based Online with EPPS and TIKI Types was quite helpful and made the test process simple.
Educational Game Learning Japanese Language
Authors: Kurniawan Oh Daniel , Prasetya Hendra , Harnadi Bernadinus
Published: August 2021

Language and culture is an applied been possessed by every man since born. Language is a in the form of communication with  each  other.  In daily life, communicate with the family, friend, even work also need good ability. Therefore a  use of language that well and properly should be owned individuals[1]. Nihon-Goo! Is a Game made from computer for the purpose as a medium and facilitate the process increase knowledge and understanding basic vocabulary and culture in japan. After 5 times playing of one each day, game testing was conducted to 40 people and fill the questionnaire. Post-test data result shows that the game makes the player having  difficulty answering  the questions, but still want to play it again and again. So even though they failed to try it, they still tried again and again.
MICHAEL PSELLUS ON PHILOSOPHY AND THEOLOGY
Authors: EDWARDS Mark
Published: August 2021

This paper explores the use of the terms theologia and philosophia in the philosophic opuscula of Michael Psellus, especially those which are dedicated to the Chaldaean Oracles. It begins with a review of previous pagan and Christian usage, the conclusion of which is that Christians rejected the pagan distinction between theologoi, as inspired conduits of divine truth, from philosophers who interpreted such revelations under the rubric of theologia. For Christians Greek theologoi were mere purveyors of myth; theologia was not a branch of philosophy but the exposition of truths revealed in scripture. Since the revealers were already theologians, and the interpreters were theologoi in their own right, the terms became synonymous when applied to Christian practice. Psellus is on the whole faithful to this tradition, reserving the term theologia for Christian teaching in contrast to philosophy, except in one passage that speaks of the "philosophy and theology" of the Chaldaeans. The purpose of this phrase, in which the latter term seems to be epexegetic to the former, is to intimate that even the best theology of the pagans, being ignorant of the biblical revelation, can rise no higher than philosophy.
THE TEACHING OF THE ENERGIES IN “DE OMNIFARIA DOCTRINA” OF MICHAEL PSELLOS
Authors: KAPRIEV Georgi
Published: August 2021

The paper gives an answer to the question if and in what way the doctrine of energies is present in De omnifaria doctrina of Michael Psellos, and compared to the background of self-evidence and even simplification of the doctrine in the twelfth century (using the example of Nicetas from Maroneia). It is mainly represented in the form of a valid element of conventional philosophy and theology. It is pointed out that the only model of this doctrine usually considered is the version promoted by Gregorius Palamas in a systematic form, forming the basic axis of his system of thought, which is to serve as the basis for the explanation of all phenomena that can be an object of philosophical and theological reflection. Psellos’ version shows some differences in comparison with this model. It is proven (using the example of Prochorus Kydones) that even in the course of the Hesychast controversy most of Palamas’ opponents do not question the doctrine. The theory of energy proves to be a philosophical instrument that is valid for all philosophers in Byzantium, regardless of the line of thought they represent. It is a specific feature of philosophy in Byzantium, which characterizes its peculiarity in a comparison with the western medieval philosophical paradigms. It is decidedly emphasized that the theory of energy does not have a clearly defined, “essential” constitution, but rather demonstrates a variety of forms of appropriation and use, so that each philosopher applies it according to the peculiarity of his own philosophy program.
PSELLOS’ COMMENTARY ON THE JESUS PRAYER
Authors: LAURITZEN Frederick
Published: August 2021

The commentary on the Jesus Prayer published by Sinkiewicz in 1987 is a genuine work by Psellos. It is ascribed to him in a number of manuscripts and is not eccentric in relation to his interests. Indeed, he wrote a commentary on the ‘Kyrie Eleison’. Moreover, the theological points in the commentary echo those he described in Poem 4 Westerink. The commentary contains a previously unidentified verse which contains eleventh century expressions. Psellos’ commentary was used by Markos Eugenikos when he wrote his own commentary on the same prayer which was published in the Philocalia. Psellos’ commentary was transmitted in a number of manuscripts preserved today on Mt. Athos also under his name.
ARISTOTELIAN AND NEOPLATONIC ETHICS IN MICHAEL PSELLOS AND JOHN ITALOS
Authors: O’MEARA Dominic J.
Published: August 2021

This paper examines the use made by Michael Psellos and John Italos of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics together with Neoplatonic sources (in particular Porphyry’s Sentences) on the subject of virtue. Examining chapters 66-81 of Psellos’ De omnifaria doctrina and Essays 81 and 63 of Italos’ Problems and Solutions, I argue that both philosophers have a coherent theory of virtue which integrates Aristotelian ethical virtue in the Neoplatonic hierarchy of the virtues.
INCORPOREALS IN THE ONTOLOGY OF CREATED BEINGS IN THE BYZANTINE PHILOSOPHY OF MICHAEL PSELLOS
Authors: WALTER Denis
Published: August 2021

In this contribution I tried to show that Psellos has a complex understanding of the ontology of the being of incorporeal entities that is shaped mainly from a Christian position but also supplemented by the methodological use of positions from ancient philosophy. There is surely a lot more to say about this problem, but I think the classical notions of soul or forms cannot be very easily included into Psellos philosophical framework. His discussion with the pagan philosophy is not only complex but depends also on the circumstance and context of the problems he is discussing in specific texts. Regarding incorporeal beings, he seems to advocate the existence of angels and souls while forms do not seem to have an own ontological realm between God and sensible cosmos. The question of Platonic forms as the thoughts of gods is tricky. On the one side Psellos points to God as direct cause of creation, on the other side he holds back on characterizing God’s thoughts.
Towards a cultural politics of degrowth: prefiguration, popularization and pressure
Authors: Meissner Miriam
Published: August 2021

This article discusses the role of culture in political ecology, with a focus on degrowth. Environmental scientists increasingly consider systemic societal changes such as degrowth as indispensable for the effective tackling of current climate and ecological crises, while
governments and civil society remain skeptical of it. To tackle this challenge, this article argues for the strategic employment of cultural practices, values, narratives and identities within degrowth politics. The majority of existing degrowth scholarship considers cultural politics in terms of prefiguration – the act of performing degrowth futures in the present. Drawing on Stuart Hall's concept of politics as production, Chantal Mouffe's plea for a left populism, John Jordan's practice of artivism and Caroline Levine's notion of strategic formalism, this article advocates an extended understanding of cultural politics. It proposes a conceptual framework and research agenda that considers three dimensions of cultural politics: prefiguration, popularization and pressure. To illustrate these dimensions, it gives examples from contemporary activism and popular culture. The article's scientific goal is to conceptualize the functional and strategic role culture can play as instrument in the campaigning and activist uprising for degrowth. Its practical goal is to offer degrowth advocates and activists insights on how to mobilize various existing and emerging cultural forms towards their end.
Purification of Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 With Use of Differential Centrifugation
Authors: Hodoši R. , Nováková E. , Šupolíková M.
Published: August 2021

The method for separation of viral particles in a concentrated form from the environment is called virus purification. Viruses are required to be purified for a range of studies in which it is necessary to distinguish the properties or structure of a virus from the host cells or culture media, including analysis of viral polypeptide structures and membrane glycoprotein function. Our objective was to purify murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68, MuHV-4) using the centrifuge, equipment and other materials available in our laboratory. After infection of baby hamster kidney 21 (BHK-21) cells with MHV-68 with the multiplicity of infection (MI) of 0.01 and following virus multiplication, we repeatedly froze and thawed the cell culture to disrupt the cells and release the virus particles into the culture medium. We used low-speed centrifugation (3000 rpm at 4°C) to separate the viral particles from cell debris. Subsequently, we transferred the supernatant containing virus particles to a fresh centrifuge tube and centrifuged at a speed of 8000 rpm (8801 g) and 11,000 rpm (=16,639 g) and at 4°C. We tested different centrifugation durations of 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours. To evaluate the quality of the obtained purified MHV-68 virus by this method and compare it to purified MHV-68 sample acquired by conventional ultracentrifugation on sucrose cushion (30%, w/v), we used the SDS-PAGE separation method using a 4%–20% (w/v) and 6%–14% (w/v) gradient gel. We obtained the best results with 6-hour-long centrifugation at 11,000 rpm. In conclusion, we managed to optimise virus purification method using the equipment available in our laboratory and prepared purified MHV-68 virus in sufficient concentration for determination of MHV-68 virus proteins.
RAD PROJEKTNIH TIMOVA U VIRTUELNOM OKRUŽENJU
Authors: Kojić Milan
Published: August 2021

Cilj rada jeste da pruži uvid u trenutno stanje i rad virtuelnih timova u Srbiji sa posebnim akcentom na komunikaciji i poverenju. Istraživanje je sprovedeno na uzorku od 77 ispitanika koji imaju iskustva sa poslovanjem u virtuelnom okruženju.
UTICAJ WORD-OF-MOUTH KOMUNIKACIJE NA IZGRADNJU BRENDA
Authors: Timotić Željka
Published: August 2021

Predmet ovog rada jeste istraživane uticaja word-of-mouth komunikacije na izgradnju brenda. Ubrzani razvoj informaciono-komunikacionih tehnologija i sve veća aktivnost potrošača na društvenim mrežama omogućila je potrošačima da za vrlo kratko vreme mogu doći do velikog broja informacija koje ih zanimaju, odnosno mišljenja drugih potrošača, ne samo onih iz okoline ili regiona već iz celog sveta. Pozitivno ili negativno mišljenje samo jednog potrošača, s obzirom na brzinu širenja informacija, može u veoma kratkom roku uticati na potrošačevu percepciju nekog brenda i donošenje kupovnih odluka. Činjenica je da je ovaj način komunikacije sve više popularan i u savremenim uslovima postaje jedno od najjačih marketing oružja, na koje kompanije moraju obratiti pažnju ukoliko žele da  izgrade uspešan brend. Samim tim cilj ovog istraživanja jeste ispitivanje da li i u kojoj meri mišljenja ili iskustva potrošača mogu uticati na doživljaj nekog brenda u njihovoj svakodnevnoj interpersonalnoj komunikaciji.
REORGANIZACIJA RADNIH MESTA U OKVIRU FINANSIJSKE ORGANIZACIJE
Authors: Srdić Dejana , Morača Slobodan
Published: August 2021

Kroz rad je prikazan način relokacije i reorganizacije radnih mesta kao i pripremanje i realizacija novih spratova unutar glavne Upravne zgrade finansijske institucije, kako bi se olakšao rad timova koji rade na unapređenju IT sistema i pravcu digitalizacije što se sprovodi kroz Program i rad preko 200 zaposlenih i više od 10 različitih timova. Cilj istražovanja je da se prikaže primena Projektnog menadžmenta u projektima koji se realizuju u okviru finansijske institucije gde je uzrok problema nepostojanje dovoljno velike Upravne zgrade koja bi po poslovnim potrebama, kapacitetu i prostoru obuhvatila sve sektore na jednom mestu što podrazumeva centralnu zgradu. Kao dalja posledica se javlja udaljenost i nekvalitetan timski rad, nedovoljno prostora za rad i pristupačnost članova. Projektni menadžment i iniciranje projekta pomaže pri realizaciji navedene ideje i rešavanju problema. Projektna metodologija će pomoći u davanju rezultata koji će se kasnije koristiti kroz redovan rad. Fokus je na planiranju i predstavljanju određenih procesa i aktivnosti, izuzev detaljnog procesa budžetiranja, troškova, kvaliteta i nabavke.
SIRMIJUM U TRANZICIJI: PUT KA RAZVOJU ODRŽIVOG KULTURNOG TURIZMA
Authors: Đukić Danica Dragičević
Published: August 2021

Tema rada usmerena je na kulturnu tranziciju Sremske Mitrovice na putu ka razvoju održivog kulturnog turizma. Posebna pažnja posvećuje se strateškom planiranju, participaciji građana, brendiranju grada, obnavljanju plave linije i analizi slučaja arheološkog lokaliteta Žitni trg.
Grinting Fried Onion: Empowerment of Grinting Youth Enterpreneur based Digital Village
Authors: Halim Halim Purnomo , Tumin Tumin , Mansir Firman , Novi Dien Noviany Rahmatika
Published: August 2021

The purpose of devotion is to provide knowledge and skills of online marketing to the younger generation by utilizing e-commerce technology to develop youth Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Grinting Village. The participants consisted of 25 member SMEs of fried onions specifically for the people of Grinting Village. The materials provided include the creation of an online shop account, product uploads, marketing up to the online financial system. This service was carried out in Grinting Village, Bulakamba District, Brebes Regency, Central Java with the target of the community and the younger generation, especially the entire management of Karang Taruna Garuda Jaya Grinting Village. This cooperation is based on the cooperation between Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta and grinting village government. The method used is to provide training materials through presentations accompanied by e-commerce implementation training. The achievement of this devotion is the implementation of the service activities in accordance with the expected number of participants as many as 25 administrators and members of Karangtaruna Garuda Jaya Grinting Village independently can develop SMEs for economic independence. Participants gain knowledge and skills about e-commerce implementation to capture developing and mentoring SMEs in local villages.   

Keywords: SMEs, Grinting, empowerment, e-commerce, training
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s Government Policy in Handling The Aceh Tsunami: a Historical Research
Authors: Agus Danugroho
Published: August 2021

Tsunami Aceh 2004 was one of the natural disasters whose status was designated as a national disaster in Indonesia. The event occurred compilation Indonesia does not yet have a special body and legislation governing natural disaster management. The Aceh tsunami has significant significance for the Indonesian community to the international level. The Aceh tsunami caused many complicated problems that had to be resolved by the Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Government, among others, the regional government was unable to function properly, the disaster management law did not exist, supported international assistance in the military, and the National Budget was not available for the Aceh emergency response. The research objective in this study is about research conducted by the government of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono in the 2004 tsunami in Aceh. The research method uses historical, heuristic, critical, interpretation, and historiographic methods. The results of this study are that the Government of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono can resolve the problem by triggering regulations regarding the Law and the Special Body to handle problems that did not exist before.
GREEN PATTERN CONCEPT FOR ROOFTOP LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE STUDY PROGRAM, TRISAKTI UNIVERSITY JAKARTA, INDONESIA
Authors: Fauzi Reza , Yuslim Silia
Published: August 2021

A garden is an outdoor relaxation area, set aside for the display of plants and other natural habitats solitary to human life. However, due to the reduced open space in urban areas, turning parks into gardens has become common. Therefore, a roof garden is an attractive option because it is private, and accessible to only certain people. Presently, the Study Program Landscape Architecture Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia, has a roof garden used to support certain subjects' practical activities.  However, the concept of a green pattern applied to the roof garden of this institution is not optimal. Therefore, this study aims to determine the design principles that have not been maximized in the roof garden of Study Program Landscape Architecture due to inaccuracy in the arrangement of the green pattern. This is descriptive research intended to describe and examine the characteristics, relationships, similarities, and differences of green patterns in the roof garden with other phenomena.
Semiotic Limitations in the Modernization of Old Translations of the Bible
Authors: Duda H.
Published: August 2021

The most important translations of the Bible into Polish, i.e. the Catholic Jakub Wujek Bible (1599) and the Protestant Gdańsk Bible (1632) were written at the end of the reformation period and were renewed and used in catholic churches and protestant communities until the first half of the 20 th century. The reprints were systematically updated. In the 20 th century the need to translate again the Holy Scripture into Polish was recognized. There were a few attempts at that in the second half of the previous century. They were always accompanied by heated debates which referred to the need of new translations as well the ways translators adopted to render in Polish selected books, sentences or even words. A religious text functions in a specific system of a higher level, i.e. religion. Religion is understood here as a culture text according to the Tartu-Moscow Semiotic School. Owing to this interpretation, religion has its own language built onto natural language. Text in natural language constitutes only a fragment of a bigger sign entity. To put it most simply, since a natural text is a subcomponent of a semiotic religious text, any change introduced in the former disrupts the coherence of cultural meaning on a higher level. Because of “a secondary modeling system” (a term coined by Yuri M. Lotman) the language of religious texts is always a bit archaic. This very modeling system prevents the propellers of modernization from a more thorough linguistic update of old biblical translations in Poland and, more often than not, does not let translators depart too far from the translation tradition.
Corpora with Special Markup for Studying Concept Statistics
Authors: Lin Jinfeng , Semyonova D. M. , Pushchin S. L. , Petrov T. G. , Babariko M. N. , Chebanov S. V.
Published: August 2021

Изучение статистики концептов предполагает работу с размеченными корпусами. В принципе, такая разметка может быть только ручной на основе экспертных оценок с привлечением нескольких экспертов. Однако в ряде случаев такая возможность исключена, и разметка делается одним разметчиком – автором исследования. Экспликация принципов разметки и воспроизводимые количественные закономерности (покрытие 80 % использования концептов 7 ± 2 из них), полученные на материале русского, китайского, французского, английского языков семью разметчиками (6 русскими и 1 китаянкой, 6 девушками и 1 юношей), дают основание считать такую разметку удовлетворительной.
Yu. S. Stepanov’s Method of Ascension and Cognitive-Semiotic Dimensions of Optimal Linguistic Creativity
Authors: Kiose M. I.
Published: August 2021

In the study the method of ascension developed by Ju.S. Stepanov to explore the modifications in logical and philosophical dimensions of language is applied to explore cognitive-semiotic dimensions of optimal linguistic creativity. Following the system of linguistic creativity dimensions offered by O. K. Iriskhanova, which are formal, cognitive and ontologic, we study the balance of Fixed and Extending creativity (the concept introduced by T. Hoffmann) representing optimal creativity in each of them. To conduct the research, we contrast the values of linguistic creativity parameters in terms of cognitive construal mechanisms in children’s prose discourse, thus detecting the specifics in Fixed and Extending creativity in the cognitivesemiotic dimensions of linguistic creativity as well as the specifics in categorial representation of optimal linguistic creativity.
Hérnia de Richter em portal de laparoscopia: relato de caso
Authors: Pereira Laura Dias , Monteiro Antonio Goulart , Tolentino Nataly Gomes , Nunes Nathalia Ferreira
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Apresentação de quadro clínico de uma paciente que apresentou Hérnia de Richter, uma condição rara. Detalhamento do caso: Paciente, 64 anos, apresentou quadro de dor e distensão abdominal, náuseas e vômitos, 15 dias após cirurgia videolaparoscópica, após exames de imagem, foi identificado encarceramento da borda antimesentérica intestinal por meio da incisão de um dos portais laparoscópicos. Realizada ressecção do segmento de delgado com endogrampeador e realizada anastomose entero-entero, latero-lateral com endogrampeador, paciente evoluiu bem em pós-operatório. A hérnia de Richter é definida por um tipo raro de hérnia na parede abdominal em que apenas uma parte da alça intestinal, a borda antimesentérica, fica presa no orifício herniário, podendo ser estrangulada. Essas hérnias podem ocorrer em incisões anteriores e se apresentam com clínica de dor abdominal, náusea, vômitos e raramente apresentam sintomas obstrutivos, assim tendem a progredir mais rapidamente para gangrena. O tratamento geralmente é cirúrgico. Considerações finais: Ainda que seja uma condição médica rara, deve-se ter um alto índice de suspeição, principalmente em pós-operatório laparoscópico e em pacientes com quadro clínico abdominal vago.
C-reactive Protein Levels in Plasma and Chronic Venous Ulcer Exudate of Persons Who Inject Drugs: A Pilot Study
Authors: Paul Julia , Templin Thomas , Carruthers Nicholas , Burghardt Paul , Ivanics Ciara , Stemmer Paul , Pieper Barbara
Published: August 2021

Background. Persons who inject drugs (PWID) in the groin, legs, and/or feet are at high risk for chronic venous ulcers (CVUs). The plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) level is a marker of systemic inflammation. Objective. This pilot study examined CRP levels in plasma and CVU exudate of PWID. The aims were to (1) compare levels of CRP in plasma and exudate; (2) examine if the CRP level in exudate changed over 4 weeks with wound treatment; and (3) examine the relationship of the exudate CRP level with CVU area, CVU age, number of CVUs, and number of comorbidities. Materials and Methods. Persons who inject drugs seeking wound care were enrolled in this Institutional Review Board approved prospective, longitudinal, descriptive study. A blood sample was collected on the first visit (week 1); the plasma was then separated. Wound exudate was collected on swabs during the first visit (week 1) and 4 weeks later (week 4). All samples were stored at -80° C. Samples were eluted from swabs using mass spectrometry grade water then aliquoted for CRP analysis. Results. The participants of the study included 14 PWID (mean age, 62.14 ± 4.52 years; mean number of comorbidities, 5.71 ± 1.90; and mean number of ulcers 2.07 ± 1.07 that were present for a mean of 7.96 ± 11.91 years without healing). C-reactive protein level in plasma was a mean of 6.47 ± 8.56 mg/L, with lower levels found in wound exudate but highly correlated (rho = .925). Exudate CRP levels decreased from week 1 to week 4, and the 2 were highly correlated (rho = .895). Exudate CRP level week 1 was not significantly related to wound area, wound age, number of ulcers, or number of comorbidities. Conclusions. Plasma and exudate CRP levels were highly correlated. Exudate CRP levels decreased across time. Future large-scale wound healing studies should examine CRP levels over a longer duration and as they correlate to wound healing.
The Use of Cellular- and/or Tissue-Based Therapy for the Management of Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Chan Mabel , James Crystal , Patel Munir , Ellis Scott , Lantis III John
Published: August 2021

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an uncommon inflammatory neutrophilic disorder with a spectrum of clinical presentations with variable courses. Most cases are associated with an autoimmune disorder and manifest in middle-aged adults as a painful lesion that progresses to painful necrotizing ulcers of the lower extremity. Owing to its variability, clinical diagnosis remains difficult and many patients are often misdiagnosed, with resulting delay in treatment. While early immunosuppressant therapy is key to preventing progression of PG, surgical treatment has been met with criticism because of the risk of potentiating pathergy, an exaggerated skin reaction due to trauma. This article presents a case series in which 3 patients with PG lesions underwent different treatment methods, including surgical debridement and use of fetal bovine dermis (FBD). The use of FBD in conjunction with medical treatment provided pain relief and wound coverage as well as encouraged growth of granulation tissue and long-term stability. Commercial cellular and tissue-based products used to aid in accelerating PG wound closure are also reviewed.
Patentes: flexibilidades del ADPIC como respuesta a la pandemia del COVID-19. Lecciones aprendidas y perspectivas de una política futura
Authors: Contardi Magali , Vidal Elisabet
Published: August 2021

La emergencia sanitaria causada por la pandemia del COVID-19 ha dado lugar a un intenso debate sobre el rol de los derechos de propiedad industrial (PI) entre quienes sostienen que estos derechos pueden obstaculizar el desarrollo, la fabricación y la distribución de productos esenciales para contrarrestar los efectos de la pandemia y quienes, en sentido opuesto, argumentan que la protección de los derechos de PI es fundamental para el incentivo de la innovación y la transferencia de tecnología. En este contexto, el presente artículo, evidenciando ejemplos concretos referidos a la actual pandemia y otros ejemplos del pasado, tiene como objetivo analizar la manifestada colisión entre los derechos exclusivos de quienes son titulares de las patentes y el interés general de la sociedad en la disponibilidad y efectivo acceso en forma igualitaria a medicamentos esenciales en relación con las distintas medidas disponibles a nivel legislativo e internacional, y con las distintas iniciativas, como la propuesta de renuncia transitoria de los derechos de PI presentada a la Organización Mundial del Comercio por algunos países, actualmente en el debate internacional. Se concluye que la búsqueda del equilibrio debe pasar por la cooperación internacional, que establezca un delicado balance para satisfacer el interés por el acceso a tecnologías esenciales para contrarrestar la pandemia, salvaguardando los incentivos a la innovación y, a la vez, contribuyendo a delinear un cuadro reglamentario para hacerles frente a posibles crisis sanitarias futuras. El artículo está organizado del siguiente modo: la primera parte contextualiza el actual debate; la segunda analiza, desde una perspectiva histórica, la colisión entre derechos de PI y salud pública, evidenciando las flexibilidades proporcionadas por el ADPIC, como así también casos concretos de aplicación de licencias obligatorias. La tercera parte, partiendo de casos ocurridos durante la pandemia y que han dado lugar a debate público, estudia las flexibilidades del ADPIC, en particular las licencias obligatorias como medida de respuesta al COVID-19, describiendo las principales medidas adoptadas por algunos Estados, como así también iniciativas de tipo voluntario. La cuarta parte indaga las distintas posiciones en relación con el debate actual sobre las dos propuestas de suspensión generalizada de los derechos de PI en tiempos de pandemia. Por último, se delinean las conclusiones.
COVID-19 y suspensión de patentes. Entre la fábula y la historia
Authors: Rapela Miguel A.
Published: August 2021

A pesar de que la respuesta del sistema científico público y privado mundial a la necesidad de desarrollar vacunas contra la virosis de la COVID-19 ha sido extraordinaria y que los derechos de propiedad intelectual han jugado un papel fundamental en estos desarrollos, algunos Gobiernos y organizaciones no gubernamentales han presentado propuestas y pedidos para limitar, suspender y hasta prohibir estos derechos relacionados con vacunas para la COVID-19. Una parte significativa de estas argumentaciones se ha basado en citar, como ejemplos proverbiales, los casos de las vacunas para erradicar la poliomielitis y la invención de los anticuerpos monoclonales, sosteniendo que los desarrolladores se rehusaron a patentar estas invenciones como gesto altruista para beneficio de la humanidad, garantizando amplio acceso y bajo costo. Sin embargo, la revisión histórica de los desarrollos científicos de Jonas Salk y de Albert Sabin para las vacunas de la poliomielitis y de César Milstein (junto a Georges Köhler) para la invención de los anticuerpos monoclonales y su relación con las respectivas solicitudes de patentes no permite identificar voluntad de no patentar en dos casos ni una relación de causa-efecto en los tres casos. Justificar el pedido para limitar las patentes sobre vacunas para COVID-19 en estos tres casos históricos no solo carece de fundamento, sino que además omite que la falta de patentamiento provocó que dichas invenciones quedaran en el dominio público, siendo las compañías farmacéuticas y no las instituciones académicas las principales beneficiadas en términos económicos. La existencia de patentes sobre estas invenciones, por el contrario, les habría asegurado a sus desarrolladores derechos exclusivos para controlar las variables del mercado, incluyendo el precio de los productos, licenciar sus invenciones a quienes quisieran y aplicar mínimas regalías para redireccionarlas a círculos virtuosos de invención, desarrollo e innovación.
Taller de diseño editorial bajo una estrategia didáctica basada en las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación
Authors: Gaona-Franco Martha Elena , Alonso-Lavernia María de los Ángeles , Castillo-Pérez Iliana , Muñoz-Sánchez Yira
Published: August 2021

Actualmente, las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación están cambiando los paradigmas educativos debido a que posibilitan replantear los procesos tradicionales de enseñanza y aprendizaje, al mismo tiempo que proponen nuevos roles para los estudiantes y los docentes. En la enseñanza a nivel superior, se hace patente la necesidad de desarrollar estrategias didácticas acordes con el contexto y los avances tecnológicos, en las cuales los estudiantes requieren ser autónomos y activos por medio de un proceso de aprendizaje integral que les permita adquirir competencias profesionales. Se presenta el desarrollo de una estrategia didáctica basada en las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones para la asignatura de Taller de Diseño Editorial que se imparte en la Licenciatura en Diseño Gráfico de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, la cual fue implementada en la plataforma educativa Schoology y validada con estudiantes del periodo escolar 2019, obteniendo muy buenos resultados en cuanto a la valoración de los materiales didácticos, misma que ayudó a comprobar su eficacia dentro del proceso de aprendizaje y su pertinencia para la enseñanza de los contenidos de la asignatura.
ANALISIS POTENSI FINANCIAL DISTRESS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ALTMAN Z SCORE PADA PERUSAHAN PENERBANGAN (DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 DENGAN PENUTUPAN OBJEK WISATA DAN PSBB)
Authors: Affandi Muhammad Rizal , Meutia Rita
Published: August 2021

This study aims to identify and analyze the potential for financial distress in airlines at Indonesia. The object of this research is the airlines listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI), namely PT. Garuda Indonesia Tbk and PT. AirAsia Indonesia Tbk. The data used is in the form of financial reports that have been published on the Indonesia Stock Exchange through the website (www.idx.co.id) in the first quarter of 2020 – third quarter of 2020. The data analysis technique uses the Altman Z Score in predicting potential financial distress. The results of the study found that PT Garuda Indonesia Tbk and PT AirAsia Indonesia Tbk were in financial distress or in an unhealthy financial condition, and were classified as companies that have the potential to experience bankruptcy. Research shows that PT AirAsia Indonesia Tbk has a higher potential for bankruptcy than PT Garuda Indonesia Tbk.
Harmonic and Anharmonic Oscillator Models for Pure Vibrational Infrared Spectroscopy of Diatomic Molecules
Authors: Singh Rohit
Published: August 2021

In molecular vibrational infrared spectroscopy, absorption spectra arise from molecular vibration and correspond to transitions between the vibrational energy levels associated with a given electronic state of the molecule. The vibrational transitions, which fall in the near infrared region, are induced through the interaction of the molecular electric dipole with the electric vector of the electromagnetic radiation. The near infrared region extends roughly from 1?m to ?10?^2 ?m. The article explains the pure vibrational absorption spectra of diatomic molecules such as HCl, HBr, HI, CO, … etc. In order to explain the vibrational spectra, diatomic molecules are treated as harmonic oscillator and anharmonic oscillator. In the harmonic oscillator model, we get only one absorption band at the wavenumber value? ?_osc corresponding to frequency of oscillation?_osc while in the actual experimental data, there are many absorption bands corresponding to wave numbers slightly lesser than ? ?_osc, 2? ?_osc, 3? ?_osc, ……..The occurrence of these additional bandsis attributed to the selection rule ?v=±2, ±3, ±4, ……The additional bands are having lesser intensity and are called overtone bands.
INOVASI PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH BATANG PISANG MENJADI CAMILAN “KEDEBONG TARO” BERNILAI EKONOMIS DI DESA BAGIK POLAK BARAT
Authors: Hiden Hiden , Ningsih Verawati
Published: August 2021

Desa Bagik Polak Barat terletak di Kecamatan Labuapi, Lombok Barat. Populasinya terdiri dari 50% petani, 30% pengusaha rumahan, dan 20% profesi lainnya. Salah satu potensi yang ada di Desa Bagik Polak Barat adalah tanaman pisang. Tanaman pisang banyak dibudidayakan oleh masyarakat di kebun, sawah dan pekarangan. Pemanfaatan tanaman pisang belum maksimal, hanya buahnya diambil sedangkan batangnya dibuang saja. Batang pisang dapat dimanfaatkan dengan sedikit sentuhan inovasi untuk menjadi produk yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Hasil yang diperoleh komunitas mitra melalui kegiatan inovasi tersebut adalah keterampilan, Mitra telah memanfaatkan inovasi dan optimalisasi produk. Kegiatan ini telah berjalan dengan baik dan sesuai ekspektasi berkat kerjasama yang baik dengan mitra kerja dan kontribusinya selama kegiatan berlangsung. Jajanan Kedebong Taro yang inovatif ini dipasarkan dengan dua cara yaitu dijual kepada masyarakat sekitar baik melalui pasar maupun dengan menitipkannya ke warung-warung. Kedua, melalui E-commerce, agar pemasaran menjadi lebih global. Dengan demikian diharapkan melalui produk ini perekonomian masyarakat menjadi salah satu makanan andalan pulau Lombok yang berasal dari Desa Bagek Polak Barat.
Lack of agency and sexual behaviors among married women: a study of population-based HIV impact assessment (PHIA) surveys in Malawi, Tanzania and Zambia
Authors: Sherafat-Kazemzadeh Roya , Gaumer Gary , Crown William , Daniels Elad , Brown Jessica , Newaz Fairooz , Nandakumar Allyala
Published: August 2021

Background

Educational campaigns to prevent HIV/AIDS have shown mixed success in Africa. We hypothesized that women’s lack of agency in decision-making and taking discernible actions reduces the beneficial impact of HIV-related knowledge.

Methods

We used data from Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (PHIA) surveys in Malawi, Tanzania and Zambia. A subsample of surveys that were completed by married adult women were selected for the HIV knowledge module which included responses for household decision-making questions. We created a binary variable for agency (ability to participate in decision-making about household matters, health, and sex), and scalar variables for HIV-related knowledge and sexual behaviors. We used regression analysis using survey weights with the behaviors as dependent variables.

Results

We pooled survey results from 16,822 women (63% from Tanzania, 19% from Malawi and 18% from Zambia). Altogether, 13.5% of women (17% of those 15-24 years old) exhibited poor agency. Those with a higher degree of agency had higher education, were working, and were wealthier. Women lacking agency were significantly less likely to use condoms (4.7% vs. 6.2%, P=0.022). Approximately 95% reported having a single partner over past 12 months, while Zambian women with no agency showed significantly lower rate of 92% (odds ratio, OR=0.66, 95% confidence interval, CI=0.45-0.95, P=0.027). The rate of HIV testing across the three countries was 83%-92%. In Tanzania, presence of good knowledge and agency together increased the odds of HIV testing by 60% (interaction term). However, among those with good knowledge yet reporting poor agency, the likelihood of HIV testing decreased by 65%, nullifying knowledge impact. We did not observe similar associations in Malawi. Among women with poor knowledge, lack of agency reduced the odds of condom use by 50% compared to those with agency. Alternatively, for women who exhibited good knowledge without agency, the odds of condom use was more than double compared to women with some agency (OR=2.14, 95% CI=1.07-4.27, P=0.032)).

Conclusions

We detected a moderating effect for agency on knowledge-driven behavior. Results on different behaviors and across individual countries are mixed and suggest caution to derive definitive conclusions. Despite limitations, these findings indicate that policies that increase women’s agency may help anti-HIV programs’ success.
Mechanical effect of an electric field on nanostructure elements
Authors:   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Babaev V. P. , Zaitsev S. V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Inshakova K. A. ,   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Shaykin A. N. ,   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia
Published: August 2021

A computational and experimental estimation of the magnitude of forces acting in a high-intensity electric field on elements of nanoconstructions with a high surface curvature is made. Depending on the magnitude of the electric potential and vacuum conditions, these forces can vary both in magnitude and direction over a wide range. They can cause structural damage, as well as provoke unwanted electrical discharges. The possibilities of useful application of these effects are analyzed.
Pertumbuhan dan produksi beberapa mutan kedelai Kipas Merah generasi ke lima di kebun percobaan Lampahan Bener Meriah
Authors: Fahmil Huda  , Ainun Marliah  , Erita Hayati  , Hasanuddin  , Zuyasna Zuyasna
Published: August 2021

The research objective was to determine the growth and production of the fifth generation mutant soybean (M5) at the Lampahan Bener Meriah University Farm. This study used a non-factorial randomized block design (RBD) with three replications, where four genotypes of Kipas Merah mutants were tested and compared with Kipas Merah (their parents) and Grobogan variety (large seeds). The variables observed were plant height, number of branches, number of productive branches, days of flowering, number of pods, number of pithy pods, number of seeds, weight of seeds per plant and weight of 100 seeds. The results of this study indicate that the M5 mutant soybean genotype has no significant different on plant height at age 4, 6, 8 WAP, number of branches per plant aged 6, 8 WAP, number of pods, and number of productive branches per plant. The highest average plant height and the highest number of productive branches found in Kipas Merah (G0) varieties. Mutant soybean genotype M5 had a very significant effect on flowering age and seed weight per plot. The fastest flowering was Kipas Merah (G0) and the latest flowering was A11 (G4) and A14 (G5) mutants. The highest weight of 100 seeds found in mutant A11 (G4) about 18.585 g and no significant different with Grobogan variety (18.827 g). The highest seed weight per plot found in mutant A11 (G4) about 169.35g. Based on the results of this study, mutant A11 (G4) was the best growth and production of the tested M5 genotypes.
Laser Technology Applications in Critical Sectors: Military and Medical
Authors:   Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Nafisah Suratun , Tukiran Zarina ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Wei Sheng Lau ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Rohim Siti Nabilah ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Ing Teck Vincent Sia ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Razali Nur Liyana ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Morsin Marlia ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: August 2021

This study aims to observe laser technology applications in two critical sectors which are military and medical. These two crucial sectors required a technology that is compatible with the nature of the field; safe, precise and fast (time –saving). A laser is defined as a device that emits a focused beam of light by stimulating the emission of electromagnetic radiation. The characteristics of lasers; coherence, directionality, monochromatic and high intensity are very suitable to be used in the critical sectors. In the military sector, the implementation of laser is commonly used in various types of weapons manufacturing. In this paper, three different military weapon systems namely weapon simulator, laser anti-missile system and navy ship laser weapon system were studied. Meanwhile, in the medical sector, the laser is widely implemented in medical equipment especially in dentistry, surgery and skin treatment. The capability of laser technology to be adapted in the critical sectors can be further investigated and enhanced for future discovery.
Configure and Monitor the Networking using EIGRP Protocol
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Azman Anis Zahirah , Mahamad Abd Kadir ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Saon Sharifah ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Hamzah Shipun Anuar ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Md Noor Danial ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: August 2021

In this modern internet generation, routing protocol plays an important role. The Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is an advanced protocol for distance-vector routing used on a computer network to simplify routing and configuration decisions. Data packets are transmitted from router to router via internet networks before they reach their destination device on the Internet. The main objective of this paper is to configure and monitor the network by the provider. The protocol implemented, EIGRP is analyzed using the GNS3 software. In GNS3 software, the setup that includes routers and hosts is simulated to display a network that consists of three areas. It analyzed the ping test, display neighbours and topology table, and the number packet received and sent. As a result, the simulated protocol, EIGRP show acceptable performance with hellos sent/received packets are 3544/1766, 144/143 and 6383/2107 of a router; R1, R2, and R3 respectively. In conclusion, EIGRP is the best in routing protocol and it provides excellent internetworking.
El Periodismo como materia de enseñanza
Authors: Barga Corpus
Published: August 2021

Muchos periodistas, sobre todo en Europa, creen que el periodismo no se puede enseñar. Ninguno, claro está, cree que no se puede aprender. Creen, por lo tanto, que solo puede uno aprenderlo por sí mismo. Si esto fuera cierto, sería una enseñanza, la del periodismo, original, exclusivamente autodidacta. Es verdad que el último acento del periodista, su personalidad, no se la puede dar nadie. Pero, lo mismo ocurre en las actividades intelectuales más racionalizadas.
Teoría de la forma
Authors: Muelle Jorge C.
Published: August 2021

Con el propósito de enriquecer las experiencias del arqueólogo, algunos etnólogos han dedicado en los últimos tiempos una atención especial a los objetos artificiales y sus complicaciones espirituales. El hecho de no tratar "fósiles" sino una cultura viviente les permitió conocer mucho de los impulsos del artista, de las dificultades que debía vencer, etc. Estas últimas no eran simplemente de carácter técnico: las encuestas revelaron que había siempre una lucha entre los problemas meramente tecnológicos y el gusto tradicional, que no siempre se acomodaba a los recursos en uso. El trabajo de Ruth Btinzel es de los más ilustrativos sobre el particular. Esta investigadora tuvo la oportunidad de interrogar a los alfareros zuñí respecto a lo que consideraban bello y feo, al porqué de lo que rechazaban o aceptaban en un motivo extranjero, y a otras condiciones de sus gustos.
Sobre la jerarquía axiológica
Authors: Salazar Bondy Augusto
Published: August 2021

El tema de la jerarquía axiológica encierra múltiples y complejos problemas, derivados en parte del asunto mismo y en parte de la variedad de las posiciones teóricas desde las que se le aborda. En lo que sigue, queremos presentar el tratamiento de dicho tema tal como, a nuestro juicio, es exigido por una teoría del valor como cumplimiento del ser. Según ella, el valor no es una instancia con contenido óntico propio, ni independiente de los entes valiosos, sean cuales íueren sus modos de constitución y sea cual fuere la región del ser a la que pertenecen, sino justamente la realización, el acabamiento ontológico de tales entes, variable de acuerdo a su constitución propia.