bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol and in vitro cytotoxicity of gold nanoparticle-doped NiAlTi LDH
Authors: Rathee Garima , Chugh Heerak , Kohli Sahil , Gaur Rajesh K. , Chandra Ramesh
Published: March 2023

Nanoparticles have gained significant interest in degradation of pollutants and cancer treatment.
A terahertz metasurface sensor with fingerprint enhancement in a wide spectrum band for thin film detection
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Liu Jianjun , Qin Jianyuan
Published: March 2023

We address the problems of low accuracy and low sensitivity by elucidating a sensing scheme by angle-scanning a THz metasurface structure.
Biocatalytic stereoselective synthesis of pyrrolidine-2,3-diones containing all-carbon quaternary stereocenters
Authors: Shahedi Mansour , Omidi Niloofar , Habibi Zohreh , Yousefi Maryam , Brask Jesper , Notash Behrouz , Mohammadi Mehdi
Published: March 2023

The diastereoselective synthesis of all-carbon benzylic quaternary stereocenters via conjugate addition of pyrrolidinones to ortho-quinones catalyzed by laccase under mild reaction conditions is reported.
Alkali metal carbonate catalyzed copolymerization of anhydrides and epoxides: a simple, efficient and versatile approach to well-defined alternating polyesters
Authors: Xie Hongyan , Zheng Lanlan , Feng Jiabing , Wang Xinyu , Kuang Suping , Zhou Li , Jiang Jia , Xu Yaling , Zhao Yan , Xu Zhiguang
Published: March 2023

Readily available and economical alkali metal carbonates have been utilized to catalyze the ROAC of PA and various epoxides to afford polyesters with perfectly alternating sequence distribution, controlled molar masses, and moderate dispersity.
Halide perovskites and high-pressure technologies: a fruitful encounter
Authors: Xu Fang , Zou Yongtao , Dai Yanmeng , Li Mu , Li Zeren
Published: March 2023

Ultra-strong compression strengthens the optoelectronic properties of halide perovskites with a unique and assuring paradigm.
Enabling the formation of native mAb, Fab′ and Fc-conjugates using a bis-disulfide bridging reagent to achieve tunable payload-to-antibody ratios (PARs)
Authors: Thoreau Fabien , Rochet Léa N. C. , Baker James R. , Chudasama Vijay
Published: March 2023

Using a bis-pyridazinedione-based disulfide rebridging agent, we enable the formation of various mAb, Fab′ and Fc conjugates with the ability to tune payload loading on each construct.
Green synthesis of mesoporous and biodegradable iron silicide nanoparticles for photothermal cancer therapy
Authors: Guo Xutao , Wang Shuxian , Wang Shubin , Wang Jun , Jiang Feng , Liu Yuhan , Storey Catherine J. , Theis Wolfgang , Lu Zhouguang , Li Kai , Canham Leigh T. , Xu Zhenghe
Published: March 2023

We developed a green method for the synthesis of iron silicide nanoparticles as applied to photothermal therapy. The resultant nanoparticles show good photothermal performance and results in cell and animal testing.
Ilmenite and amorphous SnTiO3 as p-type oxide semiconductors
Authors: Hu Yaoqiao , Schlom Darrell , Datta Suman , Cho Kyeongjae
Published: March 2023

A Sn2+ based oxide, SnTiO3, both in the ilmenite and the amorphous phase, is identified as a hole dopable and high mobility p-type oxide.
Structure and interactions of novel ether-functionalised morpholinium and piperidinium ionic liquids with lithium salts
Authors: Warrington Anna , O’Dell Luke A. , Hutt Oliver E. , Forsyth Maria , Pringle Jennifer M.
Published: March 2023

Investigation of the thermodynamic and transport properties of four novel ether-functionalised piperidinium and morpholinium ionic liquids with LiFSI and LiTFSI salts, and Li-ion coordination in ionic liquids.
Highly efficient and well-defined phosphinous acid-ligated Pd(ii) precatalysts for Hirao cross-coupling reaction
Authors: Hong Li-Hui , Feng Wei-Jung , Chen Wei-Chih , Chang Yu-Chang
Published: March 2023

Well-defined Ph3P-PdCl2-PAd2(OH) is a highly efficient precatalyst that catalyses CSP2–P bond formation. The bulky Ad2P(O)H is a good preligand and the less bulky (tolyl)2P(O)H could be the reagent in the reported Hirao coupling.
New nitrosyl ruthenium complexes with combined activities for multiple cardiovascular disorders
Authors: Gouveia Júnior Florêncio Sousa , Silveira João Alison de Moraes , Holanda Thais Muratori , Marinho Aline Diogo , Ridnour Lisa A. , Wink David A. , de Siqueira Rodrigo José Bezerra , Monteiro Helena Serra Azul , Sousa Eduardo Henrique Silva de , Lopes Luiz Gonzaga de França
Published: March 2023

New ruthenium nitrosyl complexes were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques, including X-ray absorption. Under selected conditions, they were able to release NO and HNO, which was demonstrated through in vitro cell assays.
Water-soluble copper(ii) 5-fluorouracil complexes bearing polypyridyl co-ligands: synthesis, structures and anticancer activity
Authors: Icsel Ceyda , Yilmaz Veysel T. , Aygun Muhittin , Erkisa Merve , Ulukaya Engin
Published: March 2023

A copper(ii) complex of 5-fluorouracil with 1,10-phenanthroline is selectively cytotoxic against human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT116).
Electron exchange capacity of pyrogenic dissolved organic matter (pyDOM): complementarity of square-wave voltammetry in DMSO and mediated chronoamperometry in water
Authors: Cao Han , Pavitt Ania S. , Hudson Jeffrey M. , Tratnyek Paul G. , Xu Wenqing
Published: March 2023

Comparison of new (SWV) and established (MCA) electrochemical methods for characterization of redox activity of pyrogenic dissolved organic matter and natural organic matter.
Synthesis of fused bis-indazoles/indazoles via a one-pot sequential strategy
Authors: Gugulothu Kishan , Jatoth Ramanna , Edukondalu Peramalla , Vanga Anusha , Matta Raghavender , Shiva Kumar K.
Published: March 2023

An unprecedented protocol has been developed for the synthesis of fused bis-indazoles/indazoles via a one-pot sequential strategy.
Cyclodextrin functionalization enhancement in a CA-β-CD/g-C3N4/Ag2CO3 Z-type heterojunction towards efficient photodegradation of organic pollutants
Authors: Tu Zhuo , Tian Fei , Li Xue , Tian Duoduo , Li Runze , Wu Zhansheng
Published: March 2023

More free radicals can be produced quickly by CA-β-CD/CN/Ag2CO3, leading to more effective and stable photocatalytic activity. The interfacial charge separation has been improved by the CA-β-CD modified CN/Ag2CO3 heterojunction.
Photophysics of the red-form Kaede chromophore
Authors: Addison Kiri , Roy Palas , Bressan Giovanni , Skudaite Karolina , Robb Josh , Bulman Page Philip C. , Ashworth Eleanor K. , Bull James N. , Meech Stephen R.
Published: March 2023

The chromophore responsible for colour switching in the optical highlighting protein Kaede has unexpectedly complicated excited state dynamics, which are measured and analysed here. This will inform the development of new imaging proteins.
Correction: Isolation of C1 through C4 derivatives from CO using heteroleptic uranium(iii) metallocene aryloxide complexes
Authors: Ward Robert J. , Rosal Iker del , Kelley Steven P. , Maron Laurent , Walensky Justin R.
Published: March 2023

Correction for ‘Isolation of C1 through C4 derivatives from CO using heteroleptic uranium(iii) metallocene aryloxide complexes’ by Robert J. Ward et al., Chem. Sci., 2023, 14, 2024–2032, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC06375A.
Realization of high-performance room temperature solid state Li-metal batteries using a LiF/PVDF-HFP composite membrane for protecting an LATP ceramic electrolyte
Authors: Ghafari Mahmoud , Sanaee Zeinab , Babaei Alireza , Mohajerzadeh Shams
Published: March 2023

A highly efficient protective membrane based on PVDF-HFP/LiF for protecting an LATP solid-state electrolyte from lithium metal anodes.
Correction: Restoring the electrical microenvironment using ferroelectric nanocomposite membranes to enhance alveolar ridge regeneration in a mini-pig preclinical model
Authors: Li Yiping , Meng Yanze , Bai Yunyang , Wang Yijun , Wang Jiaqi , Heng Boon Chin , Wei Jinqi , Jiang Xi , Gao Min , Zheng Xiaona , Zhang Xuehui , Deng Xuliang
Published: March 2023

Correction for ‘Restoring the electrical microenvironment using ferroelectric nanocomposite membranes to enhance alveolar ridge regeneration in a mini-pig preclinical model’ by Yiping Li et al., J. Mater. Chem. B, 2023, 11, 985–997, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2TB02054H.
Motivation in Aphasia Treatment: Self-Determination Theory Applied to the FOURC Model
Authors: Biel Michael , Haley Katarina L.
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

Although the importance of motivation to successful rehabilitation is frequently acknowledged in the aphasia literature, little evidence-based guidance has been provided on how to support it. The purpose of this tutorial is to introduce a well-validated theory of motivation, self-determination theory (SDT); explain its role as the foundation for the FOURC model of collaborative goal setting and treatment planning; and explain how it may be applied during rehabilitation to support the motivation of people with aphasia.

Method:

We provide an overview of SDT, explore the link between motivation and psychological wellness, and discuss how psychological needs are addressed in SDT and the FOURC model. Concrete examples from aphasia therapy are used to illustrate main concepts.

Conclusions:

SDT offers tangible guidance for supporting motivation and wellness. SDT-based practices support positive forms of motivation, which is one of the targets of FOURC. An understanding of SDT's theoretical foundation will help clinicians maximize the impact of collaborative goal setting and aphasia therapy more generally.
Optimal placement of STATCOM using a reduced computational burden by minimum number of monitoring units based on area of vulnerability
Authors: Jalalat Hamed , Liasi Sahand , Bina Mohammad Tavakoli , Shahirinia Amir
Published: March 2023

Various Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices are used to improve the power quality and reliability of power system. In addition to the technical constraints, the installation and maintenance costs limit the exploitation of such devices. To maximize the efficiency of FACTS, the least possible number of devices must be placed optimally in the network. In this vein, many types of research have been conducted to offer optimal placement solutions. Although these methods lead to optimal placement, they usually suffer from a huge amount of computational burden. Therefore, here, an intelligent optimal placement approach is presented, focusing on reducing computational volume. For this aim in the suggested method, the monitoring buses are limited, while monitoring other buses is carried out using an estimation approach. To avoid increasing calculations for this selection, applying the worst fault condition instead of all fault types, the least number of monitoring buses are selected. Moreover, high‐risk zones are indicated for each monitoring bus so that by applying different fault conditions in only these areas, the study is conducted, which results in an additional decrement in computational burden. Finally, the optimal placement problem is solved by employing the genetic algorithm.
Characterisation of stellar activity of M dwarfs
Authors: Mignon L. , Meunier N. , Delfosse X. , Bonfils X. , Santos N. C. , Forveille T. , Gaisné G. , Astudillo-Defru N. , Lovis C. , Udry S.
Published: March 2023

Context. M dwarfs are active stars that exhibit variability in chromospheric emission and photometry at short and long timescales, including long cycles that are related to dynamo processes. This activity also impacts the search for exoplanets because it affects the radial velocities.

Aims. We analysed a large sample of 177 M dwarfs observed with HARPS during the period 2003-2020 in order to characterise the long-term variability of these stars. We compared the variability obtained in three chromospheric activity indices (Ca II H & K, the Na D doublet, and Hα) and with ASAS photometry.

Methods. We focused on the detailed analysis of the chromospheric emission based on linear, quadratic, and sinusoidal models. We used various tools to estimate the significance of the variability and to quantify the improvement brought by the models. In addition, we analysed complementary photometric time series for the most variable stars to be able to provide a broader view of the long-term variability in M dwarfs.

Results. We find that most stars are significantly variable, even the quietest stars. Most stars in our sample (75%) exhibit a long-term variability, which manifests itself mostly through linear or quadratic variability, although the true behaviour may be more complex. We found significant variability with estimated timescales for 24 stars, and estimated the lower limit for a possible cycle period for an additional 9 stars that were not previously published. We found evidence of complex variability because more than one long-term timescale may be present for at least 12 stars, together with significant differences between the behaviour of the three activity indices. This complexity may also be the source of the discrepancies observed between previous publications.

Conclusions. We conclude that long-term variability is present for all spectral types and activity level in M dwarfs, without a significant trend with spectral type or mean activity level.
Muons in the aftermath of neutron star mergers and their impact on trapped neutrinos
Authors: Loffredo Eleonora , Perego Albino , Logoteta Domenico , Branchesi Marica
Published: March 2023

Context. In the upcoming years, present and next-generation gravitational wave observatories will detect a larger number of binary neutron star (BNS) mergers with increasing accuracy. In this context, improving BNS merger numerical simulations is crucial to correctly interpret the data and constrain the equation of state (EOS) of neutron stars (NSs).

Aims. State-of-the-art simulations of BNS mergers do not include muons. However, muons are known to be relevant in the microphysics of cold NSs and are expected to have a significant role in mergers, where the typical thermodynamic conditions favour their production. Our work is aimed at investigating the impact of muons on the merger remnant.

Methods. We post-process the outcome of four numerical relativity simulations of BNS mergers performed with three different baryonic EOSs and two mass ratios considering the first 15 milliseconds after merger. We compute the abundance of muons in the remnant and analyse how muons affect the trapped neutrino component and the fluid pressure.

Results. We find that depending on the baryonic EOS, the net fraction of muons is between 30% and 70% the net fraction of electrons. Muons change the flavour hierarchy of trapped (anti-)neutrinos such that deep inside the remnant, muon anti-neutrinos are the most abundant, followed by electron anti-neutrinos. Finally, muons and trapped neutrinos modify the neutron-to-proton ratio, affecting the remnant pressure by up to 7% when compared with calculations neglecting them.

Conclusions. This work demonstrates that muons have a non-negligible effect on the outcome of BNS merger simulations, and they should be included to improve the accuracy of a simulation.
Advanced Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease and Lung Transplantation in the Era of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Modulators
Authors: O'Carroll Mark
Published: March 2023

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators have changed the clinical landscape of cystic fibrosis (CF) by improving clinically significant outcome measures and quality of life of people with CF (pwCF). There are now long-term data showing improved 5-year survival with the use of ivacaftor, and the field continues to evolve at a rapid pace with the continued development of highly effective CFTR modulators. While the randomized controlled trials of CFTR modulators excluded patients with severe lung disease (forced expiratory volume in 1 second <40% predicted), observational data based on case reports and registry data show similar benefits in those with advanced lung disease. This has altered clinical practice particularly as it pertains to the role of lung transplantation in CF. This article describes the impact of highly effective modulator therapy (HEMT) on the natural history of CF and the influence on the timing of referral and consideration of listing for lung transplantation. CF clinicians play a pivotal role to ensure that the impetus of the CF foundation consensus guidelines to facilitate timely referral for lung transplantation is not lost among the excitement of anticipated sustained benefit from HEMT. While the widespread availability of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor over the past 2 years has been associated with a sharp drop in the number of people referred for consideration for lung transplantation and the number of people wait-listed for lung transplantation, it is difficult to accurately determine the true impact due to the confounding effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. It is expected that lung transplantation will remain an important treatment for a smaller number of pwCF. Lung transplantation offers survival benefits in CF, and there remains an imperative to ensure timely consideration of lung transplantation in patients with advanced disease to further reduce the number of pwCF dying without consideration of lung transplant.
Low-threshold visible InP quantum dot and InGaP quantum well lasers grown by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Dhingra Pankul , Muhowski Aaron J. , Li Brian D. , Sun Yukun , Hool Ryan D. , Wasserman Daniel , Lee Minjoo Larry
Published: March 2023

III-V lasers based on self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) have attracted widespread interest due to their unique characteristics, including low threshold current density (Jth), low sensitivity to backreflections, and resistance to threading dislocations. While most work to date has focused on 1.3 μm InAs/GaAs QDs, InP QDs have also aroused interest in lasers emitting at visible wavelengths. Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) enables the growth of high-density InP/AlGaInP QDs on exact (001)-oriented GaAs substrates but requires a relatively low substrate temperature of <500 °C. The low substrate temperature used for phosphide growth in MBE leads to degraded optical properties and makes post-growth annealing a crucial step to improve the optical quality. Here, we report the exceptional thermal stability of InP/AlGaInP QDs grown using MBE, with up to 50× improvement in room temperature photoluminescence intensity with the optimization of annealing temperature and time. We also demonstrate the room temperature pulsed operation of InP multiple quantum dot (MQD) lasers on GaAs (001) emitting close to 735 nm with Jth values of 499 A/cm2 after annealing, a factor of 6 lower than their as-grown counterparts and comparable to such devices grown by MOCVD. In0.6Ga0.4P single quantum well (SQW) lasers on GaAs (001) also exhibit a substantial reduction in Jth from 340 A/cm2 as-grown to 200 A/cm2 after annealing, emitting at 680 nm under pulsed operation conditions. This work shows that post-growth annealing is essential for realizing record-performance phosphide lasers on GaAs grown by MBE for applications in visible photonics.
High selectivity and compact tunable bandpass filter using YIG material
Authors: Du Shanshan , Yang Qing-Hui , Fan Xinan , Zhang Huaiwu
Published: March 2023

This paper presents a novel highly selectivity tunable filter with transmission zero. Yttrium iron garnet/gadolinium gallium garnet layer structures are added to the filter structure as bandstop units to achieve transmission zero. CST Studio Suite simulates and optimizes the filter structural parameters. Transmission zero and filter passband are tuned simultaneously. Skirt selectivity can be significantly increased by placing the transmission zero at the lower side of the filter passband. The parasitic response can be suppressed by about 20 dBc when the transmission zero is located on the upper side of the filter passband. With the magnetic field shifted from 3250 to 5005 Oe, the filter tuning range is 11–16 GHz with an insertion loss of about 3.5 dB. The addition of transmission zero enhances filter selectivity and provides more flexibility in suppressing interfering signals that vary in frequency or parasitic responses at specific frequencies. This method presents an approach for designing wide tuning range filters with transmission zeros.
RNA interference is essential to modulating the pathogenesis of mosquito-borne viruses in the yellow fever mosquito
Aedes aegypti
Authors: Samuel Glady Hazitha , Pohlenz Tyler , Dong Yuemei , Coskun Nese , Adelman Zach N. , Dimopoulos George , Myles Kevin M.
Published: March 2023

While it has long been known that the transmission of mosquito-borne viruses depends on the establishment of persistent and nonlethal infections in the invertebrate host, specific roles for the insects’ antiviral immune pathways in modulating the pathogenesis of viral infections is the subject of speculation and debate. Here, we show that a loss-of-function mutation in the
Aedes aegypti
Dicer-2
(
Dcr-2
) gene renders the insect acutely susceptible to a disease phenotype upon infection with pathogens in multiple virus families associated with important human diseases. Additional interrogation of the disease phenotype demonstrated that the virus-induced pathology is controlled through a canonical RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, which functions as a resistance mechanism. These results suggest comparatively modest contributions of proposed tolerance mechanisms to the fitness of
A. aegypti
infected with these pathogens. Similarly, the production of virus-derived piwi-interacting RNAs (vpiRNAs) was not sufficient to prevent the pathology associated with viral infections in
Dcr-2
null mutants, also suggesting a less critical, or potentially secondary, role for vpiRNAs in antiviral immunity. These findings have important implications for understanding the ecological and evolutionary interactions occurring between
A. aegypti
and the pathogens they transmit to human and animal hosts.
Lysosome-targeted multifunctional lipid probes reveal the sterol transporter NPC1 as a sphingosine interactor
Authors: Altuzar Janathan , Notbohm Judith , Stein Frank , Haberkant Per , Hempelmann Pia , Heybrock Saskia , Worsch Jutta , Saftig Paul , Höglinger Doris
Published: March 2023

Lysosomes are catabolic organelles involved in macromolecular digestion, and their dysfunction is associated with pathologies ranging from lysosomal storage disorders to common neurodegenerative diseases, many of which have lipid accumulation phenotypes. The mechanism of lipid efflux from lysosomes is well understood for cholesterol, while the export of other lipids, particularly sphingosine, is less well studied. To overcome this knowledge gap, we have developed functionalized sphingosine and cholesterol probes that allow us to follow their metabolism, protein interactions, and their subcellular localization. These probes feature a modified cage group for lysosomal targeting and controlled release of the active lipids with high temporal precision. An additional photocrosslinkable group allowed for the discovery of lysosomal interactors for both sphingosine and cholesterol. In this way, we found that two lysosomal cholesterol transporters, NPC1 and to a lesser extent LIMP-2/SCARB2, bind to sphingosine and showed that their absence leads to lysosomal sphingosine accumulation which hints at a sphingosine transport role of both proteins. Furthermore, artificial elevation of lysosomal sphingosine levels impaired cholesterol efflux, consistent with sphingosine and cholesterol sharing a common export mechanism.
Visualizing cell–cell communication using synthetic notch activated MRI
Authors: Wang TianDuo , Chen Yuanxin , Nystrom Nivin N. , Liu Shirley , Fu Yanghao , Martinez Francisco M. , Scholl Timothy J. , Ronald John A.
Published: March 2023

Cell–cell communication plays a fundamental role in multicellular organisms. Cell-based cancer immunotherapies rely on the ability of innate or engineered receptors on immune cells to engage specific antigens on cancer cells to induce tumor kill. To improve the development and translation of these therapies, imaging tools capable of noninvasively and spatiotemporally visualizing immune-cancer cell interactions would be highly valuable. Using the synthetic Notch (SynNotch) system, we engineered T cells that upon interaction with a chosen antigen (CD19) on neighboring cancer cells induce the expression of optical reporter genes and the human-derived, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reporter gene organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (OATP1B3). Administration of engineered T cells induced the antigen-dependent expression of all our reporter genes in mice bearing CD19-positive tumors but not CD19-negative tumors. Notably, due to the high spatial resolution and tomographic nature of MRI, contrast-enhanced foci within CD19-positive tumors representing OATP1B3-expressing T cells were clearly visible and their distribution was readily mapped. We then extended this technology onto human natural killer-92 (NK-92) cells, observing similar CD19-dependent reporter activity in tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, we show that when delivered intravenously, engineered NK-92 cells can be detected via bioluminescence imaging in a systemic cancer model. With continued work, this highly modular imaging strategy could aid in the monitoring of cell therapies in patients and, beyond this, augment our understanding of how different cell populations interact within the body during normal physiology or disease.
The
Coxiella burnetii
effector EmcB is a deubiquitinase that inhibits RIG-I signaling
Authors: Duncan-Lowey Jeffrey , Crabill Emerson , Jarret Abigail , Reed Shawna C. O. , Roy Craig R.
Published: March 2023

Eukaryotes have cytosolic surveillance systems to detect invading microorganisms and initiate protective immune responses. In turn, host-adapted pathogens have evolved strategies to modulate these surveillance systems, which can promote dissemination and persistence in the host. The obligate intracellular pathogen
Coxiella burnetii
infects mammalian hosts without activating many innate immune sensors. The Defect in Organelle Trafficking/Intracellular Multiplication (Dot/Icm) protein secretion system is necessary for
C. burnetii
to establish a vacuolar niche inside of host cells, which sequesters these bacteria in a specialized organelle that could evade host surveillance systems. However, bacterial secretion systems often introduce agonists of immune sensors into the host cytosol during infection. For instance, nucleic acids are introduced to the host cytosol by the Dot/Icm system of
Legionella pneumophila
, which results in type I interferon production. Despite host infection requiring a homologous Dot/Icm system,
C. burnetii
does not induce type I interferon production during infection. Here, it was found that type I interferons are detrimental to
C. burnetii
infection and that
C. burnetii
blocks type I interferon production mediated by retionic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) signaling. Two Dot/Icm effector proteins, EmcA and EmcB, are required for
C. burnetii
inhibition of RIG-I signaling. EmcB is sufficient to block RIG-I signaling and is a ubiquitin-specific cysteine protease capable of deconjugating ubiquitin chains from RIG-I that are necessary for signaling. EmcB preferentially cleaves K63-linked ubiquitin chains of three or more monomers, which represent ubiquitin chains that potently activate RIG-I signaling. Identification of a deubiquitinase encoded by
C. burnetii
provides insights into how a host-adapted pathogen antagonizes immune surveillance.
KMT2D acetylation by CREBBP reveals a cooperative functional interaction at enhancers in normal and malignant germinal center B cells
Authors: Vlasevska Sofija , Garcia-Ibanez Laura , Duval Romain , Holmes Antony B. , Jahan Rahat , Cai Bowen , Kim Andrew , Mo Tongwei , Basso Katia , Soni Rajesh K. , Bhagat Govind , Dalla-Favera Riccardo , Pasqualucci Laura
Published: March 2023

Heterozygous inactivating mutations of the KMT2D methyltransferase and the CREBBP acetyltransferase are among the most common genetic alterations in B cell lymphoma and co-occur in 40 to 60% of follicular lymphoma (FL) and 30% of EZB/C3 diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cases, suggesting they may be coselected. Here, we show that combined germinal center (GC)–specific haploinsufficiency of
Crebbp
and
Kmt2d
synergizes in vivo to promote the expansion of abnormally polarized GCs, a common preneoplastic event. These enzymes form a biochemical complex on select enhancers/superenhancers that are critical for the delivery of immune signals in the GC light zone and are only corrupted upon dual
Crebbp
/
Kmt2d
loss, both in mouse GC B cells and in human DLBCL. Moreover, CREBBP directly acetylates KMT2D in GC-derived B cells, and, consistently, its inactivation by FL/DLBCL-associated mutations abrogates its ability to catalyze KMT2D acetylation. Genetic and pharmacologic loss of CREBBP and the consequent decrease in KMT2D acetylation lead to reduced levels of H3K4me1, supporting a role for this posttranslational modification in modulating KMT2D activity. Our data identify a direct biochemical and functional interaction between CREBBP and KMT2D in the GC, with implications for their role as tumor suppressors in FL/DLBCL and for the development of precision medicine approaches targeting enhancer defects induced by their combined loss.
A macrocyclic peptide inhibitor traps MRP1 in a catalytically incompetent conformation
Authors: Pietz Harlan L. , Abbas Ata , Johnson Zachary Lee , Oldham Michael L. , Suga Hiroaki , Chen Jue
Published: March 2023

Adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, such as multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1), protect against cellular toxicity by exporting xenobiotic compounds across the plasma membrane. However, constitutive MRP1 function hinders drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier, and MRP1 overexpression in certain cancers leads to acquired multidrug resistance and chemotherapy failure. Small-molecule inhibitors have the potential to block substrate transport, but few show specificity for MRP1. Here we identify a macrocyclic peptide, named CPI1, which inhibits MRP1 with nanomolar potency but shows minimal inhibition of a related multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein. A cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure at 3.27 Å resolution shows that CPI1 binds MRP1 at the same location as the physiological substrate leukotriene C4 (LTC
4
). Residues that interact with both ligands contain large, flexible sidechains that can form a variety of interactions, revealing how MRP1 recognizes multiple structurally unrelated molecules. CPI1 binding prevents the conformational changes necessary for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis and substrate transport, suggesting it may have potential as a therapeutic candidate.
The anatomy of Chinese Superlative Modifiers
Authors: Chen Yi-Hsun
Published: March 2023

This paper studies the morpho-semantics of a particular class of scalar focus adverbs called Superlative Modifiers
(SMs). One key feature of these scalar focus adverbs is that they bear degree morphology, along with gradable adjectives involved.
Most analyses of SMs in the market do not take into consideration the semantic contributions of their morphology. However, the
cross-linguistic facts strongly suggest that the morphological makeup of SMs cannot simply be a linguistic coincidence. Thus, SMs
have posed a long-standing and intriguing morpho-semantic puzzle: Why do SMs morphologically involve a quantity adjective
(Q-adjective) and the superlative morpheme? What is the role of Q-adjectives and the superlative morpheme inside SMs? How are
these morphological pieces of SMs connected with their semantics? This paper is dedicated to these questions by focusing on two
expressions of Mandarin SMs, zui-duo and zui-shao (which morphologically consist of only the
superlative morpheme zui and a quantity adjective duo ‘many/much’ or shao
‘few/little’), and presents a decompositional analysis of both expressions as modified superlatives.

If the proposed analysis is on the right track, it shows that insights and tools developed in studies on
gradability (Kennedy 1999) can be applied to those on scalarity. Recently, Greenberg
(2016; 2017) has argued for a
gradability-based semantics of English even. This paper contributes to this growing research agenda, through a
detailed case study of SMs, a class of scalar focus adverbs but bearing degree morphology and gradable adjectives. Moreover, this
paper also deepens our understanding of the semantics of Q-adjectives. By studying SMs, this paper shows that the measured domain
of Q-adjectives need not be structured by the part-of relation, but rather the natural ordering on the relevant domain. Crucially,
this updated view on Wellwood’s (2014; 2015)
semantics of Q-adjectives leads us to their differential uses and ultimately a unified account of Q-adjectives.
Gser-Rdo
Authors: Sun Jackson T.-S.
Published: March 2023

Gserskad and Rdoskad are two recently uncovered Tibetic dialect chains spoken on the northern border of Rngaba (Aba) and Dkarmdzes (Ganzi) Prefectures in northwestern Sichuan. Despite their many points of difference and only partial intelligibility, Gserskad and Rdoskad show a special affinity to each other, as suggested inSun (2006). The further idiosyncratic common lexical, phonological, and particularly morphological evidence highlighted in this article vindicate the close ties shared by Gserskad and Rdoskad as a distinct Tibetic language on a par with Amdo.
Neural blind deconvolution with Poisson data
Authors: Benfenati A , Catozzi A , Ruggiero V
Published: March 2023

Blind Deconvolution problem is a challenging task in several scientific imaging domains, such as Microscopy, Medicine and Astronomy. The Point Spread Function inducing the blur effect on the acquired image can be solely approximately known, or just a mathematical model may be available. Blind deconvolution aims to reconstruct the image when only the recorded data is available. In the last years, among the standard variational approaches, Deep Learning techniques have gained interest thanks to their impressive performances. The Deep Image Prior framework has been employed for solving this task, giving rise to the so-called neural blind deconvolution (NBD), where the unknown blur and image are estimated via two different neural networks. In this paper, we consider microscopy images, where the predominant noise is of Poisson type, hence signal-dependent: this leads to consider the generalized Kullback–Leibler as loss function and to couple it with regularization terms on both the blur operator and on the image. Furthermore, we propose to modify the standard NBD formulation problem, by including for the blur kernel an upper bound which depends on the optical instrument. A numerical solution is obtained by an alternating Proximal Gradient Descent-Ascent procedure, which results in the Double Deep Image Prior for Poisson noise algorithm. We evaluate the proposed strategy on both synthetic and real-world images, achieving promising results and proving that the correct choice of the loss and regularization functions strongly depends on the application at hand.
A Gaussian process guided super resolution sampling strategy for the efficient recovery of complex surfaces
Authors: Sun Lijian , Zhang Wenguang , Ren Jieji , Xu Xiaogang
Published: March 2023

Accurate recovery of complex surfaces of manufactured artefacts frequently requires intensive sampling, resulting in inefficient measurements for some point-by-point probe instruments. To tackle this problem, we fully exploit Gaussian process (GP) to guide the super resolution (SR) model to perform efficient and accurate sampling. The model makes use of a kernel-based GP method to model these low-frequency geometric features, while a pretrained SR method with multiple residual attention blocks is used to focus on the high-frequency features and further improve the details of the surface. In addition to geometric errors and distance information, global uncertainty from the statistical properties of the GP and an additional feature error from the SR are combined as critical criteria to select the most informative points of the surface. The effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated through several experiments on synthetic and real-world data, showing that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance for pointwise measurements.
Directional emission of nanoscale chiral sources modified by gap plasmons
Authors: Lin Hai , Wen Te , Tang Jinglin , Ye Lulu , Zhang Guanyu , Zhang Weidong , Gu Ying , Gong Qihuang , Lu Guowei
Published: March 2023

Efficient manipulation of the emission direction of a chiral nanoscale light source is significant for information transmission and on-chip information processing. Here, we propose a scheme to control the directionality of nanoscale chiral light sources based on gap plasmons. The gap plasmon mode formed by a gold nanorod and a silver nanowire realizes the highly directional emission of chiral light sources. Based on the optical spin-locked light propagation, the hybrid structure enables the directional coupling of chiral emission to achieve a contrast ratio of 99.5%. The emission direction can be manipulated by tailoring the configuration of the structure, such as the positions, aspect ratios, and orientation of the nanorod. Besides, a great local field enhancement exists for highly enhanced emission rates within the nanogap. This chiral nanoscale light source manipulation scheme provides a way for chiral valleytronics and integrated photonics.
Towards a biomechanical breast model to simulate and investigate breast compression and its effects in mammography and tomosynthesis
Authors: Hertel Madeleine , Makvandi Resam , Kappler Steffen , Nanke Ralf , Bildhauer Petra , Saalfeld Sylvia , Radicke Marcus , Juhre Daniel , Rose Georg
Published: March 2023

Objective. In mammography, breast compression forms an essential part of the examination and is achieved by lowering a compression paddle on the breast. Compression force is mainly used as parameter to estimate the degree of compression. As the force does not consider variations of breast size or tissue composition, over- and undercompression are a frequent result. This causes a highly varying perception of discomfort or even pain in the case of overcompression during the procedure. To develop a holistic, patient specific workflow, as a first step, breast compression needs to be thoroughly understood. The aim is to develop a biomechanical finite element breast model that accurately replicates breast compression in mammography and tomosynthesis and allows in-depth investigation. The current work focuses thereby, as a first step, to replicate especially the correct breast thickness under compression. Approach. A dedicated method for acquiring ground truth data of uncompressed and compressed breasts within magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is introduced and transferred to the compression within x-ray mammography. Additionally, we created a simulation framework where individual breast models were generated based on MR images. Main results. By fitting the finite element model to the results of the ground truth images, a universal set of material parameters for fat and fibroglandular tissue could be determined. Overall, the breast models showed high agreement in compression thickness with a deviation of less than ten percent from the ground truth. Significance. The introduced breast models show a huge potential for a better understanding of the breast compression process.
Divertor power spreading in the Divertor Tokamak Test facility for a full power scenario with Ar and Ne seeding
Authors: Ivanova-Stanik I , Chmielewski P , Day Ch , Innocente P , Zagórski R
Published: March 2023

This work describes integrated numerical modelling applied to Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) scenarios with tungsten wall and divertor in single null configuration using the COREDIV code, which self-consistently solves 1D radial transport equations of plasma and impurities in the core region and 2D multi-fluid transport in the scrape-off layer (SOL). COREDIV code simulations have been performed and compared to the already published solutions from JETTO for DTT full power discharges with Ar seeding. The influence of the particle transport on the fuelling and flux to the plate is analysed. The main conclusion from the performed simulations is that Ne and Ar radiate effectively in the SOL and no difference was found in the fuelling properties between them. The fuelling increases with increase in radial transport in the core region. It has been found that the rise in the diffusion in the core plasma has a small influence on several global plasma parameters, such as plasma radiation, impurity concentration and fluxes to the divertor plate, but has a strong effect on the fuelling. The fuelling and deuterium flux to the plate decrease almost linearly with decreasing plasma density, keeping

⟨

n

e

⟩

/

n

e

s
e
p

= constant.
Effective implementation of nonadiabatic geometric quantum gates of cat-state qubits using an auxiliary qutrit
Authors: Kang Yi-Hao , Xiao Yang , Shi Zhi-Cheng , Wang Yu , Yang Jian-Qun , Song Jie , Xia Yan
Published: March 2023

We propose an effective protocol for the implementation of nonadiabatic geometric quantum gates of cat-state qubits in Kerr-nonlinear resonators driven by two-photon squeezing drives. Coupling the Kerr-nonlinear resonators with an auxiliary qutrit with proper coupling strengths, the selective transition of the auxiliary qutrit is realized. The selective transition can be exploited in the implementation of a set of useful quantum gates, including the phase gates, the NOT gates, the controlled-phase gates, the controlled NOT gates, and the Toffoli gates. Numerical simulations show the implementations of different types of gates are robust against systematic errors, random noise, and decoherence. Therefore, the protocol may be helpful for robust and scalable quantum computation based on cat-state qubits.
Ultralow lattice thermal conductivity, negative thermal expansion, elastic and thermoelectric properties of Lanthanum Nitride: Insights from first-principle calculations
Authors: Ray Banik Rati , Ghosh Swarup , Chowdhury Joydeep
Published: March 2023

Ultralow lattice thermal conductivity, negative thermal expansion and thermoelectric properties for the face centered cubic phase of lanthanum nitride (LaN) have been explored for the first time from first-principle density functional theory and ab-initio molecular dynamics calculations. The elastic constants, phonon dispersion relations, mode Grüneisen parameter, phonon group velocity and phonon-phonon scattering rates have been studied to unveil the ultralow lattice thermal conductivity (

κ

l

 = 1.08 Wm−1K−1) of the compound at room temperature (T = 300 K). The negative thermal expansion of LaN has been estimated from the mode Grüneisen parameter. The electronic band structure, hole-electron effective masses and the thermoelectric properties including the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, electronic thermal conductivity and thermoelectric power factor have been investigated to estimate the high thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT ∼ 0.98) of the system at room temperature. We believe that the present study will help to unfold LaN for its applications in thermoelectric power generators, fibre-optic communications, fuel cells and in clean and global energy conservation.
A hemispherical helical water antenna array for directional high-gain radiation
Authors: Yang Yuejie , Yang Helin , Li Shangru , Wu Jiong , Cheng Houyuan , Li Yujun
Published: March 2023

This letter proposed a water antenna with a novel shape of a hemispherical helix made of pure water. A plastic water pipe is bent into a hemispherical helix and filled with water to form the helical arm of the antenna. The water arm acts as a director, which enables the antenna to obtain wide-angle radiation characteristic in the axial direction with a beam width of 95.5°. The impedance bandwidth of the antenna (S11 < −10 dB) is 1.30–1.89 GHz. Based on this antenna, a four-element antenna array is also designed. A quasi-Butler matrix is used to feed this antenna array to achieve a reconfigurable pattern. The antenna array can achieve directional high-gain radiation in five directions, covering a total range of 66°. The maximum gain of the array in the effective frequency band can reach 13.8 dBi.
A charged particle driven by an electromagnetic wave in crossed electric and magnetic fields
Authors: Shaar Yahya N , Rizcallah Joseph A , Karnilovich Sergey P
Published: March 2023

We investigate the motion of a charged particle in the field of a plane electromagnetic wave propagating perpendicular to a static crossed configuration of uniform electric and magnetic fields. The relativistic equations of motion are stated and integrated in a special case taking advantage of the existence of a constant of motion. The obtained solutions are analyzed for various polarizations of the electromagnetic wave.
Research on new ceramic debinding technology with low energy consumption via dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Huang Yimeng , Liu Yong , Yan Nianping , Zhao Xuetong , Zhao Xinhao , Li Yueji , Wang Xilin , Jia Zhidong
Published: March 2023

To combat the issue of global warming, we must conserve energy and reduce carbon emissions from energy production and use. Industrial process electrification can greatly save energy and minimize carbon emissions. The energy consumption of debinding and drying in the ceramic industry accounts for about 20%. The conventional thermal debinding method is energy-intensive and time-consuming. It is critical to develop green debinding techniques that are energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. Based on the dielectric barrier discharge measurements, the impacts of various voltages(Upp 16–22 kV), frequencies(9–12 kHz), air gap widths(0–3 mm), and treatment time(0–60 min) on the debinding efficiency are investigated in this work for the ZnO ceramic system. Dielectric barrier discharge debinding time and energy consumption per unit volume of sample can be reduced to 5% and 10% of conventional debinding, respectively, which is a potential method to realize electrical energy replacement in the ceramic debinding process.
Uncertainties in measuring the dark matter signal from Milky Way satellites using Cherenkov telescopes
Authors: Kherlakian Maria , Viana Aion , de Souza Vitor
Published: March 2023

In this work, we present a modelling of the galactic sub-clumps based on statistical estimations of the full Milky Way satellite population. We introduce 10 substructure modellings (SM
i
, i ∈ {1, … , 10}) with the following varying parameters: a) subhalos inner profile, b) spatial distribution of subhalos, c) mass distribution of subhalos, d) total number of subhalos and e) concentration parameter. The sensitivity curves of CTA for sources in each model are calculated for the τ
+
τ
- and bb̅ decay channels. With both detection of a signal (5σ) with the CTA and no signal observation, no model was effective in accessing the thermal values of 〈σv〉. We analyse the systematic effect introduced by the substructures models.
Near-future discovery of point sources of ultra-high-energy neutrinos
Authors: Fiorillo Damiano F.G. , Bustamante Mauricio , Valera Victor B.
Published: March 2023

Upcoming neutrino telescopes may discover ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic neutrinos, with
energies beyond 100 PeV, in the next 10–20 years. Finding their sources would identify
guaranteed sites of interaction of UHE cosmic rays, whose origin is unknown. We search for
sources by looking for multiplets of UHE neutrinos arriving from similar directions. Our
forecasts are state-of-the-art, geared at neutrino radio-detection in IceCube-Gen2. They account
for detector energy and angular response, and for critical, but uncertain backgrounds. Sources at
declination of -45° to 0° will be easiest to discover. Discovering even one
steady-state source in 10 years would imply that the source has an UHE neutrino luminosity at
least larger than about 1043 erg/s (depending on the source redshift evolution). Discovering
no transient source would disfavor transient sources brighter than 1053 erg as dominant. Our
results aim to inform the design of upcoming detectors.