bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS FATWA MAJELIS ULAMA INDONESIA (MUI) DENGAN PENDEKATAN ISTISHAB
Authors: Pahutar Agus Anwar
Published: March 2024

The main issue that is discussed in this paper is istishab. There are two research questions. First, does the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) use istishab in issuing its fatwas? If so, Second, on what issues does the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) use istishab? The research method is with Library Research. The results of this study show several findings, namely: The Indonesian Ulema Council uses istishab in issuing its fatwas. The use of istishab elements in the fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council is in matters of Family Law 1975-2010, there are 10 (ten) fatwas, namely on the issue of mixed marriages, three divorces at once, iddah death, adoption (appointment of children), marriage procedures, Mut'ah marriage, transgender status, inheritance from siblings/brothers with a single daughter, inheritance from different religions, and tourism marriage. Thus, according to the author, the Indonesian Ulema Council still tends to be conservative in issuing its fatwas. This can be seen from the dominance of the istishab method with an attitude that maintains the circumstances, habits and traditions that apply in the past for the present. So, this shows that the influence of the Shafiʻiy school is still very strong in Indonesia. This is evidenced by the fact that when issuing ijtihad in issuing fatwas, the Indonesian Ulema Council still uses istishab as a legal argument or method. Thus, the authors recommend that in issuing fatwas do not tend to be conservative. Because when it dominates, of course it has implications for the development and thinking of Islamic law in general. For example, the thought of Islamic law will find it difficult to move, as if circling in place, in the end Muslims will be considered old-fashioned and backward from other people, because they are considered unable to adapt to the times. Meanwhile, what is expected by the ummah is that MUI can become more innovative on issues that are increasingly complex and global, but without violating the teachings that have been emphasized by the Qur'an and Hadith of the Prophet SAW, in the sense that it must be within the limits set methodologically tolerated, in order to become a bridge for the advancement of the people and nation of Indonesia.
JUSTICE COLLABORATOR DALAM TINDAK PIDANA PEMBUNUHAN PERSPEKTIF MAQASID SYARIAH
Authors: Pane Ismail , Ongku Hsb Mara
Published: March 2024

Crimes such as murder and loss of a person's life are unlawful acts that are very contrary to humanity and justice in the Supreme Court circular letter number 4 of 2011 concerning justice collaborators (actors of witnesses who work together) will get legal remissions which are still limited to cases such as corruption, terrorism, narcotics, money laundering and human trafficking. The research method is a normative juridical descriptive method, namely the object of research related to the applicable laws and policies. The research results in the Supreme Court circular letter no. 4 of 2011 justice collaborators for the crime of murder are not clarified in the circular letter as a guide for judges to decide on a choice of criminal acts of murder while murder cases really need to be resolved with justice collaborators, maqasid sharia hifzul nafs (protecting lives) is a state commitment and Islam forbids killing.
PERUBAHAN BATAS USIA MINIMUM PERKAWINAN SEBAGAI UPAYA MENCEGAH DISKRIMINASI GENDER TERHADAP PEREMPUAN
Authors: Anisa Darania
Published: March 2024

Gender discrimination can be seen from the number of underage marriages by girls which is influenced by society's stigma against women. Their rights as children are difficult to fulfill like boys. The psychological immaturity of children triggers the occurrence of domestic violence. Global data show that girls who marry before the age of 15 experience a 50% increase in the like chilhood of experiencing domestic violence (KDRT). Every child has the right and the right to protection at an early age and treat equally, without discrimination on the basis of sex. Previously, minimum marriage age for women was 16 (sixteen) years old while men's 19 (nineteen) years of age became 19 (nineteen) due to changes in the regulation on Minimum age of marriage in Law No. 16 of 2019 On marriage as an expression of gender equality as an objective of the Sustainable Development Goals agenda.
MEMILIH PEMIMPIN NON MUSLIM : APLIKASI TEORI NEGOTIATION KHALED M. ABOU EL FADL
Authors: Sormin Ihwan
Published: March 2024

This paper explains how the law elects non-Muslim leaders using the authoritative negotiation theory approach of Khaled M Abou El Fadl. This article is motivated by incidents that make surah al-Mā'idah verse 51 the basis for not being able to elect non-Muslim leaders. The methodology used in this study is to use a descriptive analysis method of literature by searching for data from books and libraries. The results of this study are that most interpreters use a conservative view in drawing legal conclusions from this verse, and they do not see the context when this law was derived. Therefore, the author proposes Khaled M Abou El Fadl's authoritative negotiation method to reinterpret the law on electing non-Muslim leaders. The writer's conclusion is that choosing a non-Muslim leader is permissible with certain conditions
SESERAHAN MENURUT AKTIVIS MUHAMMADIYAH: AKULTURASI BUDAYA DALAM PERNIKAHAN ADAT JAWA
Authors: Hariyati Hikmah
Published: March 2024

Indonesia has more than 1,300 tribes with different cultures and of course the wedding procession of each region is also diverse with traditions that have long been maintained until now because of the customs and beliefs they hold. Seserahan is defined as the ability of the prospective husband to the prospective wife in providing physical and spiritual support or some call it a gift for a woman's family. There is no argument that clearly allows or prohibits offerings in the wedding procession because seserahan is a custom that uses 'urf as a benefit which is not legally stipulated in the syara' but is based on the habits of the local community that have been carried out repeatedly. The purpose of this study was to determine the form of cultural acculturation in Javanese traditional weddings in Wates Village, Blitar Regency. This study uses a type of field research (field research) to the community, bride shamans and Muhammadiyah tarjih scholars with a qualitative descriptive approach. The results show that the process that occurs when marriage uses Javanese customs is a result of acculturation of Javanese and Islamic culture in Wates Village, Blitar Regency because there is resistance to local traditions and culture, resulting in Islam versus Kejawen tensions and conflicts. According to activist Muhammadiyah Blitar, there are no problems related to the offering ceremony in Javanese tradition because it is only a symbol to always remember Allah, pray from danger, and the relationship lasts until old age until death picks up. This is all just a form of love for Allah in order to always maintain the marriage relationship.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS PELAKSANAAN ISBAT NIKAH DI PENGADILAN AGAMA LUBUK PAKAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM POSITIF
Authors: Siregar Asrinawati Oktavia , Hadamean Batubara Randi
Published: March 2024

This study examines the phenomenon of Isbat Nikah (legalization) in the Lubuk Pakam Religious Court. Interestingly, the Lubuk Pakam Religious Court experienced problems in implementing Isbat Nikah activities based on PMA Number 1 of 2015. After the enactment of Law / 1/1974 on Marriage, some people did not register their marriages before the Office of Religious Affairs. Not only that, there was also found in the field that lost the Marriage Certificate. This type of research is normative law, which will examine the laws and regulations regarding marriage. While the source of data in this study is positive law in Indonesia. Such as, Law / 1/1974, and KHI. It can be concluded that there are several factors for applying for Isbat Nikah at the Lubuk Pakam Religious Court, including: 1) due to loss of marriage certificate, 2) to arrange divorce, 3) to get married before the enactment of Law / 1/1974. The issue of recognition of having been married under the law can be submitted by filing an application with the Court. One of the reasons the judge decided the Isbat Nikah case at the Lubuk Pakam Religious Court was because it had permanent legal force, namely the applicant who filed the Isbat Nikah case in the Court.
Nuevas lecturas de Marx desde el MEGA
Authors: Heinrich Michael
Published: March 2024

La publicación del proyecto Marx-Engels Gesamtausgabe, las obras completas de Marx y Engels, abrirá a los estudiosos un Marx que ha sido desconocido y permitirá nuevas lecturas de su obra. Lo anterior no solo significará un redescubrimiento de Marx, sino al mismo tiempo una puesta en perspectiva de la lectura de los textos clásicos que ya conocemos. El artículo abordará algunos ejemplos de lo que esto puede significar.
Borrador sobre Friedrich List [Entwurf über Friedrich List]
Authors: Heinrich Michael
Published: March 2024

En la primera mitad del siglo XIX Alemania no era un Estado unificado como Francia o Inglaterra. Se componía de 41 Estados grandes y muy diferentes. Estos Estados disponían de diferentes monedas, diferentes sistemas legales y fiscales y entre ellos existían gran cantidad de aranceles. No había un mercado unificado alemán, lo que impedía un desarrollo capitalista importante. La industria francesa y sobre todo la inglesa estaban mucho más desarrolladas que la alemana, en este sentido, Alemania en lo económico estaba rezagada.
Pengaruh Pola Makan Vegetarian Lakto-Ovo terhadap pH Saliva
Authors: Chairani Shanty , Stefani Vivi , Nasution Nursiah
Published: March 2024

Background: Lacto-ovo vegetarian has been associated with a higher risk of nutritional deficiencies. Some studies have reported that nutritional deficiencies could affect salivary pH. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet on salivary pH differences. Method: This study used an observational analytic study with a cross sectional approach. This study involved 40 healthy subjects aged 17-44 years consisting of 2 groups: lacto-ovo vegetarian (n= 20) for at least 1 year and non vegetarian (n = 20) as a control group. Pregnant women, anticholinergic and alcohol consumption, smoking habits and DMFT > 5 are exclude from this study. The collection of unstimulated saliva was done using the spitting method. Saliva pH was measured using a digital pH meter. The data obtained were statistically tested using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The mean salivary pH values in the lacto-ovo vegetarian diet group were lower than those of the non vegetarian group. There is a significant difference in salivary pH between lacto-ovo and non vegetarian group (p<0,05). Conclusion: Individuals with lacto-ovo vegetarian diet have a low salivary pH which might influence their oral health.
The Best Exercise Modality and Dose for Reducing Pain in Adults With Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review With Model-Based Bayesian Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Liang Zhide , Tian Shudong , Wang Chuanzhi , Zhang Meng , Guo Hengzhi , Yu Yingdanni , Wang Xianliang
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE: To quantify the dose-response relationship between overall and specific exercise modalities and pain, in patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain (LBP).

DESIGN: Systematic review with Bayesian network meta-analysis.

LITERATURE SEARCH: We searched the Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases from inception to June 2023.

STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomized controlled trials of exercise interventions in adults with nonspecific chronic LBP and at least 1 pain outcome reported at the main trial end point.

DATA SYNTHESIS: A random-effects network meta-analysis was conducted. We assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0, and used the GRADE approach to judge the certainty of evidence for each outcome.

RESULTS: Eighty-two trials were included (n = 5033 participants). We found a nonlinear dose-response relationship between total exercise and pain in patients with nonspecific chronic LBP. The maximum significant response was observed at 920 MET minutes (standardized mean difference = −1.74; 95% credible intervals: −2.43, −1.04). The minimal clinically important difference for achieving meaningful pain improvement was 520 MET minutes per week. The dose to achieve minimal clinically important difference varied by type of exercise; Pilates was the most effective. The certainty of the evidence was very low to moderate for all outcomes.

CONCLUSION: The dose-response relationship of different exercise modalities to improve pain in patients with nonspecific chronic LBP had a U-shaped trajectory and low- to moderate-certainty evidence. The clinical effect was most pronounced with Pilates exercise. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2024;54(5):315-327. Epub 8 March 2024. doi:10.2519/jospt.2024.12153
Impacto da Síndrome do Impostor no âmbito acadêmico e profissional
Authors: Pereira Larissa Mirelle de Oliveira , Silva Douglas Roberto Guimarães , Silva Henrique Alvarenga da , Barros Luana Gimenes de Campos , Nunes Filho Jonkelion Dourado
Published: March 2024

Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência, os determinantes e as estratégias de manejo da Síndrome do Impostor (SI) entre estudantes e profissionais, com foco especial nas implicações acadêmicas e na saúde mental. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura que incorpora uma gama interdisciplinar de estudos, englobando análise de dados, estudos transversais, clínicos randomizados e entrevistas. Foram selecionados estudos significativos conduzidos em diversos contextos geográficos e linguísticos, resultando em uma amostra representativa de pesquisas publicadas em português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados: Os estudos apontam para uma alta incidência de SI, com variabilidade conforme fatores como gênero, idade, estágio de carreira e contexto cultural. As estratégias de coping, o mindfulness e os grupos de apoio mostraram-se relevantes na prevenção e recuperação da SI, enquanto programas motivacionais foram essenciais para melhorar o desempenho acadêmico e as habilidades de liderança dos estudantes. Considerações finais: A SI apresenta-se como um fenômeno psicológico complexo que demanda abordagens multidisciplinares para seu manejo. Intervenções psicoeducacionais e o desenvolvimento de políticas institucionais inclusivas são imperativos para a mitigação do impostorismo e para o fortalecimento da resiliência e bem-estar nos contextos acadêmico e profissional.
Surgical management of intramedullary cervical spinal sarcoidosis complicated by transient unilateral weakness: A case report
Authors: Saade Aziz , Denwood Hayley M. , Tannoury Tony , Tannoury Chadi
Published: March 2024

Background:

Sarcoidosis, a multisystem inflammatory non-caseating granulomatous disease, can present with neurologic lesions in up to 10% of patients.

Case Description:

A 57-year-old male presented with three months of worsening upper extremity radicular pain associated with dysmetria, hyperreflexia, bilateral Hoffman’s, and positive Babinski signs. The contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a diffuse T2 signal hyperintensity and T1-enhancing 2.5 cm lesion extending sagittally between C4 and C6. The cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed a high protein level and lymphocytic pleocytosis. A cardiac positron emission tomography scan was consistent with the diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis. With the diagnosis of multisystemic/probable neurosarcoidosis, the patient was unsuccessfully treated with intravenous methylprednisolone, followed by infliximab. Due to severe cord compression/myelopathy, a C3–C6 laminectomy and C3–C7 posterior spinal fusion were performed. Postoperatively, the patient developed a transient right-sided hemiparesis. Over nine postoperative months, the patient had four relapses of transient repeated episodes of paresis, although follow-up cervical MRI scans revealed adequate cord decompression with a stable intramedullary hyperintense lesion.

Conclusion:

Patients with neurosarcoidosis respond unpredictably to surgical decompression and require prolonged medical care, which is often unsuccessful.
Gamma Knife radiosurgery for the management of glomus jugulare tumors: A systematic review and report of the experience of a radioneurosurgery unit in Latin America
Authors: Molina-Romero Oscar I. , Fonnegra-Caballero Andrés , Diez-Palma Juan Carlos , Segura-Hernández Andrés , Rodriguez-Noreña Valentina , Segura-Hernández Gloria , Corredor-Torres Valentina , Rojas-Ortiz María Clara , Useche-Aroca Diana , Fonnegra-Pardo Julio R.
Published: March 2024

Background:

Glomus jugulare tumors (GJTs) are rare and mainly affect women between the 5th and 6th decades of life. Its localization and anatomic relationships make conventional surgical treatment difficult and with a considerable risk of complications. This manuscript aims to describe the results of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKR) in patients with GJT treated in a single center in Latin America, as well as to systematically review the literature to determine the clinical and radiological effectiveness of this technique.

Methods:

A search of information from January 1995 to June 2023 was performed. Twenty-two articles reporting 721 GJT patients treated with GKR were included in the study. Variables such as symptomatic control, control of tumor size, and complications were evaluated. These variables were described using measures of central tendency and proportions. For the institutional experience, 77 patients with GJT tumors were included in the study. Pre-treatment clinical variables and follow-up data were collected from medical charts and phone interviews. The Short Form-36 scale was applied to assess the quality of life. The data were analyzed using the statistical program STATA17.0.

Results:

A total of 721 patients were considered. The median of patients included in these studies was 18.5. The mean age was 58.4 years. The median of symptom control was 89%, and the median of imaging control was 95.7%. In our institution, 77 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 53.2 years. The median hospital stay was 4.92 hours. For the clinical follow-up, information on 47 patients was obtained. An improvement in pre-treatment symptoms was described in 58%, with general symptomatic control of 97%. The tumor-control rate was 95%, and there were statistically significant differences in six of the nine Short Form-36 scale domains.

Conclusion:

GKR is an effective, safe, and cost-effective technique that offers a high degree of symptomatic and tumor size control in patients with GJT.
Ion exchange and Thermal Studies on n-butyl acetate zirconium(IV) phosphate: A Novel Hybrid Cation exchanger
Authors: Somya Amita , Upadhyay Vibha , Peter Anjali
Published: March 2024

n-butyl acetate zirconium (IV) phosphate has been reported as a novel hybrid ion exchanger, namely an organic-based hybrid ion exchanger. This newly reported material has been characterized by a number of physico-chemical characterization techniques including FTIR analysis, SEM study, UV-Vis spectrophotometry and elemental analysis. In addition to describing its method of synthesis, this research also reports on the characterization of its ion exchange properties such as its ion exchange capacity, concentration study, elution study and recycling study. Thermal behavior of the reported exchanger has also been explored at various temperatures revealing 91.4% of retention in ion exchange capacity on heating upto 2000C and 74.5% upto 4000C which exhibits the way to explore its applications in higher temperature ranges.
“Quantum-Chemoinformatics” for Design and Discovery of New Molecules and Reactions
Authors: Satoh Hiroko , Steiner Vincenz-Maria , Hutter Jürg
Published: March 2024

We give an overview of the role of “quantum-chemoinformatics” in drug development. Quantum- chemoinformatics is a data-driven chemistry using descriptors on the basis of theoretical chemistry, especially quantum chemistry (QC) and ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We focus especially on quantum-chemoinformatics for chemical reaction design and prediction, which is one of the important processes in basic research of drug development. We start with a brief historical overview and then introduces two projects of quantum-cheminformatics. The RMap project uses QC-based chemical reaction route networks for discovery and design of new molecules and reactions. The other project is related to environmental pollution by drug molecules, a property which should be taken into account in drug design and evaluation. The last section describes our recent attempt to accelerate QC-data acquisition by utilizing a limited amount of experimental data and machine learning (ML) technology.
RNA-directed Peptide Synthesis Across a Nicked Loop
Authors: Su Meng , Roberts Samuel , Sutherland John
Published: March 2024

Ribosomal translation at the origin of life requires controlled aminoacylation to produce mono-aminoacyl esters of tRNAs. Herein, we show that transient annealing of short RNA oligo:amino acid mixed anhydrides to an acceptor strand enables the sequential transfer of aminoacyl residues to the diol of an overhang, first forming aminoacyl esters then peptidyl esters. Using N-protected of aminoacyl esters prevents unwanted peptidyl ester formation in this manner. However, N-acylaminoacyl transfer is not stereospecific.
The Exotic Quasisolidity and Supersolidity of Water
Authors: Sun Changqing
Published: March 2024

Water is ubiquitously important but least known. This perspective features the latest finding of two exotic forms of water called quasisolid and supersolid phases due to the cooperativity and disparity of the O:H-O bond in its segmental length, energy, and specific heat when subjected to thermal, electric, and undercoordination perturbation. The quasisolid (QS) phase only appears at temperatures between melting and ice nucleation, regardless of sample size, and this phase has a negative thermal expansivity (NTE). However, polarization or molecular undercoordination creates the supersolid phase in skins of water and ice, droplets, ionic hydration cells, and volumetric water with a current flow or under a 106 eV/cm electric bias. This phase is characterized by ~10% H-O bond contraction and vibrating at ~3450 cm-1. The supersolid has unique properties such as high elasticity, mechanical strength, optical reflectivity, structure order, thermal stability, diffusivity, catalytic activity, and chemical reactivity. Liquid-QS-Ice transition with QS phase energy absorption occurs for water due to H-O bond contraction during thermal decay but not for the supersolid phase of saturated NaCl solution. The NTE of the QS fosters ice buoyancy and the supersolidity endows ice slipperiness, supercooling, superheating, premelting, low-temperature fiber elasticity, water bridge, and warm water fast cooling, as well as on water chemistry.
HCl trimer: HCl-stretch excited intramolecular and intermolecular vibrational states from 12D fully coupled quantum calculations employing contracted intra- and intermolecular bases
Authors: Simkó Irén , Felker Peter M. , Bačić Zlatko
Published: March 2024

We present fully coupled, full-dimensional quantum calculations of the inter- and intramolecular vibrational states of HCl trimer, a paradigmatic hydrogen-bonded molecular trimer. They are performed utilizing the recently developed methodology for rigorous 12D quantum treatment of the vibrations of the noncovalently bound trimers of flexible diatomic molecules [P. M. Felker and Z. Bačić, J. Chem. Phys. 158, 234109 (2023)], that was previously applied by us to HF trimer. In this work, the many-body 12D potential energy surface (PES) of (HCl)3 [J. S. Mancini and J. M. Bowman, J. Phys. Chem. A 118, 7367 (2014)] is employed. The calculations extend to the intramolecular HCl-stretch excited vibrational states of the trimer with one- and two-quanta, together with the low-energy intermolecular vibrational states in the two excited v = 1 intramolecular vibrational manifolds. They reveal significant coupling between the intra- and intermolecular vibrational modes. The 12D calculations also show that the frequencies of the v = 1 HCl stretching states of HCl trimer are significantly redshifted relative to those of the isolated HCl monomer. Detailed comparison is made between the results of the 12D calculations on the 2-body PES, obtained by removing the 3-body term from the original 2+3-body PES, and those computed on the 2+3-body PES. It demonstrates that the 3-body interactions have a strong effect on the trimer binding energy as well as on its intra- and intermolecular vibrational energy levels. Comparison with the available spectroscopic data shows that good agreement with experiment is achieved only if the 3-body interactions are included. Some low-energy vibrational states localized in a secondary minimum of the PES are characterized as well.
An automated learning method of semantic segmentation for train autonomous driving environment understanding
Authors: Wang Yang , Chen Yihao , Yuan Hao , Wu Cheng
Published: March 2024

One of the major reasons for the explosion of autonomous driving in recent years is the great development of computer vision. As one of the most fundamental and challenging problems in autonomous driving, environment understanding has been widely studied. It directly determines whether the entire in-vehicle system can effectively identify surrounding objects of vehicles and make correct path planning. Semantic segmentation is the most important means of environment understanding among the many image recognition algorithms used in autonomous driving. However, the success of semantic segmentation models is highly dependent on human expertise in data preparation and hyperparameter optimization, and the tedious process of training is repeated over and over for each new scene. Automated machine learning (AutoML) is a research area for this problem that aims to automate the development of end-to-end ML models. In this paper, we propose an automatic learning method for semantic segmentation based on reinforcement learning (RL), which can realize automatic selection of training data and guide automatic training of semantic segmentation. The results show that our scheme converges faster and has higher accuracy than researchers manually training semantic segmentation models, while requiring no human involvement.
Multimodal biometrics system with face, ear, and foot fusion techniques
Authors: Snehlata Barde
Published: March 2024

Biometrics, as an identification method, is used for various applications, particularly in security technologies. The integration of multiple biometric sources aims to overcome limitations observed in unimodal systems, enhancing recognition accuracy. Fusion techniques, categorized into sensor level, feature level, matching score level, decision level, and rank level, are explored to optimize the combination of information from different modalities. Various fusion schemes, such as feature-level fusion, decision-level fusion, and hybrid systems, are investigated for their effectiveness in integrating diverse biometric traits. This paper details the fusion schemes at different levels, including sensor, feature extraction, matching score, and decision levels. Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed multimodal biometric system. The Equal Error Rate (EER) is analyzed to evaluate system accuracy, with weights assigned to each modality based on their performance. Normalization techniques and fusion rules are applied to combine modalities, resulting in enhanced matching scores. The analysis of results showcases the performance of the system across various fusion combinations. Notably, the combination of ear and foot modalities yields the highest matching score, demonstrating the effectiveness of fusion techniques in multimodal biometrics.
Analysis of the influence of groove welds of oxy-acetylene welding joints on tensile strength and microstructure on steel ST 37
Authors: Nugroho Fajar , Muga Yohanes Fernando Leo , Setiabudi Dedet Hermawan , Sudarmanto Sudarmanto
Published: March 2024

In this study, the authors conducted a study on the analysis of the effect of oxy-acetylene welding joints on tensile strength and microstructure in the HAZ and weld metal areas on st 37 steel plates. The results of this study indicate that the average value of the highest tensile strength value is at V groove weld with the average strength of the welded joint is 4.796 kgf/mm2. While the lowest tensile stress is on the I groove weld of 4.674 kgf/mm2. Meanwhile, from the microstructure test, it can be seen that in the HAZ area each groove. Microstructure in the HAZ area shows that the double V groove  weld types are fine ferrite, coarse pearlite and martensite. In type V groove  weld the structures formed are ferrite, coarse pearlite and martensite. In type I groove  weld the structures formed are ferrite, grain boundary ferrite and fine pearlite. Whereas in the weld metal area, and the results of the microstructure test of the weld area on the V seam, it shows a dense microstructure arrangement, the arrangement is identical to pearlite (dark color) so that the specimen is harder.
Approach towards psoas syndrome risk modeling in preoperative planning for THA
Authors: Berger Luisa , Tokunaga Kunihiko , Radermacher Klaus
Published: March 2024

Psoas syndrome after THA has received much attention in recent years. In some cases, the cause of pain cannot be found in a critical overhang of the implant cup, but is mainly unknown. We developed an approximation of modeling the medial part of the tendon of m. iliacus in 201 THA patients. We found length changes of the tendon of 7,73 mm ± 8,55 mm (range: -26,37 mm to 30,30 mm) and angular changes at the PSIS of 2,58 ° ± 1,72 ° (range: 0 to 7,91 °) and at the lesser trochanter of 10,53 ° ± 7,70 ° (range: 0,27 ° to 41,19 °). Furthermore, we identified 19 cases in whom the tendon wrapped over different bony structures than the acetabular region.

Hence, we think that the m. iliacus tendon should be considered for analysis of risk factors in the preoperative planning process for THA.
Automated analysis of femoral over-/underhang and bone coverage of OTS TKA implants
Authors: Grothues Sonja , Radermacher Klaus
Published: March 2024

Implant overhang in total knee arthroplasty is associated with adverse effects with regard to postoperative pain and function, whereas implant underhang or bone undercoverage has been linked to increased risk of bleeding and osteolysis. To determine the suitability of different standard implant systems for a certain population, an automated analysis of overhang, underhang and coverage would be favorable. Therefore, we developed an automated framework for femoral implant interface fit evaluation. To evaluate this framework, we used surface models of 433 cadaver knees and of one specific femoral implant size. An analysis of the bone-implant interface fit was performed for all knees for which the available implant size was selected on the basis of the knee’s size. The analysis involved the orientation of bone and implant via reference points, the virtual resection of the bone, and the derivation and comparison of bone-implant interface contours. Implant over-/underhang was evaluated for the entire contour and in specific zones (defined in the literature). Bone coverage was calculated for the entire interface. A good agreement with the literature with regard to mean values and ranges of over-/underhang was found. Limitations include the restriction to one specific implant system and size. Future analyses should focus on different implant sizes and systems as well as on the assessment of the tibial component.
Measured Resection and Gap Balancing Techniques Result in Similar Femoral Component Rotations Regardless of Preoperative Coronal Deformity: A Database Analysis of 3922 Cases
Authors: Hickey Matthew , Khan Asim , Baines Joseph , Allen David J , Welsh Findlay , Deep Kamal , Ewen Alistair , Leitner François , Hodgson Antony J. , Picard Frederic
Published: March 2024

A common goal in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is to obtain collateral ligament balance in both flexion and extension while maintaining neutral overall coronal alignment. Femoral component rotation is a key variable in achieving this goal. There are two prominent techniques used in TKA to determine implant orientation, measured resection and gap balancing, but there is some controversy over which technique is superior. At our institution, we regularly use both techniques over a wide range of patients with varying degrees of preoperative coronal deformity. We therefore asked, using intraoperative measurements from a surgical navigation system, can we detect significant differences in external rotation of the femoral component between measured resection and gap balancing techniques, and do any such differences occur more frequently or at higher levels at particular values of preoperative coronal deformity?

We analysed 3922 navigated TKA cases undertaken at our institution which had complete measurements of preoperative overall coronal alignment and external rotation of the femoral component relative to the dorsal condyles line. We then compared cases using measured resection to those using the gap balancing technique, stratifying patients by degree of preoperative coronal deformity and applying a two-sample t-test.

A total of 1969 cases that used measured resection and 1953 cases that used the gap balancing techniques were identified. We found no significant differences between the two techniques across most of the preoperative coronal deformity groupings, though small differences were detected in two specific subgroups: the femoral component was slightly more externally rotated in the measured resection cohort when the preoperative coronal deformity was between neutral and 50 valgus (mean ± standard deviation - measured resection: 3.60 ± 1.10, gap balancing: 3.00 ± 1.10, p < 0.00625) and between 50 valgus and 100 valgus (measured resection: 4.30 ± 1.40, gap balancing: 3.70 ± 1.30, p < 0.00625).

This study has shown that there were essentially no substantial differences between the external rotation of the femoral component between the gap balancing and measured resection techniques regardless of the degree of preoperative coronal deformity. Overall, we feel that surgical decisions regarding which technique to use should be based more on any correlations with other patient outcome measures that may be better elucidated in future studies.
Automatic Glenoid Bone Loss Detection and Quantification in Shoulder CT Scans
Authors: Haimi Avichai , Safran Ori , Beyth Shaul , Joskowicz Leo
Published: March 2024

Estimation of glenoid bone loss following shoulder dislocation in a CT scan is often required to determine the appropriate surgery needed to restore shoulder stability [1]. Currently, the best method for measuring glenoid bone loss has not been universally defined, so various methods have been proposed [2,3]. They can be grouped into linear-based (most methods) and area-based measurement methods, without (standalone) or with a comparison with the healthy contralateral glenoid, which is not always included in the CT scan. In all cases, the measurements are performed manually, which is time-consuming, requires expertise, and is subject to observer variability.

This paper presents a novel automatic standalone linear-based method for glenoid bone loss quantification in shoulder CT scans.
Can thigh circumference predict thigh muscle volume? -Analysis using deep learning-
Authors: Kono Sotaro , Uemura Keisuke , Mazen Soufi , Iwasa Makoto , Takashima Kazuma , Hamada Hidetoshi , Otake Yoshito , Takao Masaki , Sato Yoshinobu , Okada Seiji , Sugano Nobuhiko
Published: March 2024

Atrophy of thigh muscles significantly affects patients with hip diseases, thus quantifying the muscle volume can play an important role. Thigh circumference measurement has been used to predict thigh muscle volumes and atrophy. However, the validity of the measurement level, impact of error, and the relationship between each thigh muscle volumes at each measurement level remain not fully evaluated. In this study, we aimed to clarify the relationship between thigh circumference and the cross-sectional area (CSA) of each muscles using the deep learning model for automatic segmentation of the skin and muscles from CT images.

Using 3D models, the thigh circumference and the CSAs of each muscle were measured at 0 cm to 20 cm above the superior aspect of the patella with 1 cm increment. evaluate the correlation between thigh circumference and CSAs.

Thigh circumference tends to increase from distal to proximal, and for muscle’s CSA to increase as well. A strong correlation between muscle CSA and thigh circumference was observed above 5-10 cm, with a maximum correlation observed with the entire thigh muscle at 12 cm. Similar correlations were also observed around the level of maximum correlation. The correlation coefficients suggest that the measurement level should be adjusted for individual muscles. The correlation coefficients near the level of maximum correlation were almost equal, indicating that the influence of measurement level error is likely minimal.
Improved Prediction of Postoperative Knee Function Using Preoperative Patient Factors and Intraoperative Measures of Bony Resection, Ligament Release, and Implant Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Database Analysis of 363 Cases
Authors: Hickey Matthew D , Khan Asim , Baines Joseph , Allen David , Welsh Findlay , Deep Kamal , Ewen Alistair , Leitner François , Hodgson Antony J , Picard Frederic
Published: March 2024

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common approach to treating end-stage osteoarthritis of the knee while relieving pain and restoring joint function. However, the procedure has produced variations in postoperative outcomes, with up to 20% of patients left dissatisfied. Therefore, it is important to understand the preoperative and intraoperative factors that drive knee function post-TKA. Using intraoperative data acquired from a surgical navigation system and matched with patient pre- and postoperative data, this study aimed to identify preoperative and intraoperative predictors of PROMs measured using the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) at 1-year follow-up.

We analysed 363 cases of navigated TKA at our institution and matched them to preoperative and postoperative patient clinical records including age at index surgery, BMI, sex, presence of co-morbidities, EQ5D anxiety/depression score, and preoperative and postoperative OKS. Starting with a base model of 26 predictor variables, a linear regression model with backward elimination was used to identify predictors of postoperative OKS on a training set of 290 patients. 73 patients (20%) were randomly set aside to use as validation. We then used the remaining predictor variables to train two additional regression models: a Support Vector Machine (SVM) and a Boosted Decision Tree then calculated the coefficient of determination (R2) and percent of patients that where the postoperative OKS was correctly identified within the minimally important clinical difference of 4.9 when the models were applied to the validation set.

Of the 26 predictor variables, 10 predictors remained in the final model following backwards elimination, including four that were directly under the control of the surgeon. The R2 of the linear regression, SVM, and XGBoost models were 0.37, 0.30, and 0.29 respectively within the validation set. Percentages of patients with correctly predicted OKS within the MICD ranged from 52% to 57% (linear regression to SVM).

In this study, we identified sets of preoperative and intraoperative factors which are partially predictive of postoperative OKS at 1-year follow-up. Post-operative prediction models such as the models presented here will help to guide continued research into which intraoperative variables, including bony resection depths, implant alignment, and whether to do ligament releases in surgery, most affect implant function post-TKA and to inform patients and clinicians of possible clinical outcomes.
Las comunidades indígenas de Hidalgo. Ixmiquilpan Volumen I
Authors: Quezada Ramírez María Félix
Published: March 2024

Como resultado del proyecto catálogo de pueblos y comunidades indígenas del Estado de Hidalgo, este documento reúne las monografías de algunas localidades de Ixmiquilpan que fueron visitadas entre marzo a septiembre de 2013.
Implementasi Manajamen Pembiayaan Pendidikan dalam Mengembangkan Sarana dan Prasarana di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Ikhlas Jakarta Selatan
Authors: Khoiriyah Haniatul , Ratnaningsih Sita
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis bagaimana penerapan manajemen keuangan pendidikan yang berkontribusi pada pengembangan sarana dan prasarana di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Ikhlas. Studi ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan metode deksriptif. Subjek utama penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah. Dalam penelitian ini, observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Perencanaan pembiayaan di MTs Al-Ikhlas dilakukan dengan rapat bersama para stakeholders dengan mempertimbangkan ketersediaan dana, hasil evaluasi sarana-prasarana, dan skala prioritas. Penyusunan RAPBM melibatkan identifikasi sumber dana dan evaluasi keuangan untuk menentukan prioritas pemenuhan sarana dan prasarana. Penetapan anggaran pengembangan sarana prasarana di MTs Al-Ikhlas dengan menguraikan per item dalam kesepakatan bersama antara yayasan, sekolah, dan komite. Pertanggungjawaban pengembangan sarana dan prasarana di MTs Al-Ikhlas dilakukan secara per bulan dan per semester, mencakup sumber dana dari SPP dan BOS. Laporan keuangan yang diserahkan kepada pihak terkait, seperti Dinas Pendidikan dan Badan Administrasi Keuangan Daerah, sesuai dengan prinsip akuntabilitas dalam pengelolaan keuangan sekolah.
EKSPLORASI AGEN ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK SPONS LAUT YANG DIAMBIL DARI PERAIRAN SEKITAR PLTU PAITON PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Maisaroh Dian Sari , Sa'adah Nor , Sakhi Hermalita Azkiyah
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari spons laut yang diambil dari Perairan PLTU Paiton terhadap bakteri patogen Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli dan Escherichia coli MDR (Multi Drug Resistant). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode experimental laboratory. Sampel yang ditemukan berjumlah 3 spons dan dimaserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol dengan pengulangan 3 kali. Hasil pasta ekstrak spons diujikan dengan metode difusi cakram terhadap bakteri patogen S. aureus, V. parahaemolyticus, E. coli dan E. coli MDR. Uji antibakteri menggunakan konsentrasi 10 mg/ml dengan pengulangan 2 kali. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa PPJT05 menghasilkan zona hambat lebih dari 2,4 mm pada keempat bakteri patogen yang diujikan. Ekstrak PPJT02 menghasilkan zona hambat tertinggi terhadap bakteri V. parahaemolyticus. Aktivitas antibakteri S. aureus tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh ekstrak PPJT05. Aktivitas antibakteri E. coli tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh ekstrak PPJT05. Aktivitas antibakteri E. coli MDR tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh ekstrak PPJT05. Ekstrak PPJT03 tidak menunjukkan keaktifan terhadap bakteri E. coli MDR meskipun ekstrak ini aktif terhadap bakteri lainnya. Ekstrak PPJT02, PPJT03 dan PPJT05 memiliki senyawa antibakteri berspektrum luas ditandai dengan kemampuan zona hambat terhadap bakteri gram positif dan gram negatif.

Kata Kunci: Antibakteri, Spons, S. aureus, V. parahaemolyticus, PLTU Paiton.
KARAKTERISTIK FISIK DAN KOMPOSISI KIMIA KIMA PASIR (Hippopus hippopus) SEGAR DAN OLAHAN DARI PERAIRAN SAWAI MALUKU TENGAH
Authors: Silaban Bernita
Published: March 2024

Kima pasir merupakan salah satu jenis kima yang masih dikonsumsi sampai saat ini oleh masyarakat pesisir di Negeri Sawai, dimakan segar maupun diolah lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisik dan komposisi kimia kima pasir segar dan olahan dari perairan Sawai Kecamatan Seram Utara, Maluku Tengah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode observasi terstruktur, mengamati setiap tahapan proses, mengambil sampel dan mengukur mutunya di laboratorium. Parameter fisik yang dianalisa meliputi pengukuran morfometrik. Parameter lingkungan berupa: suhu, pH dan salinitas. Komposisi kimia yang dianalisa meliputi kadar air, protein, lemak, abu karbohidrat dan susut bobot pada kima pasir segar dan kima pasir yang diolah dengan cara: kukus, goreng dan dikeringkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerang kima pasir dari perairan Sawai memiliki diameter 11- 36 cm dan berat 0,24-3,6 kg. Suhu air berkisar 29-30ºC, pH 7,5-7,8 dan salinitas 32-33 ppt. Rata-rata kadar protein, abu dan lemak daging kima pasir yang diolah dengan cara kukus, goreng, dan dikeringkan menjadi lebih tinggi dari daging kima segar sedangkan kadar air daging kima setelah kukus, goreng dan dikeringkan menjadi lebih rendah. Daging kima yang telah diolah juga mengalami penyusutan bobot dari bahan segarnya. Kadar protein dan abu tertinggi terdapat pada kima pasir yang dikeringkan sebesar 44,8% dan 4,83%, kadar lemak tertinggi pada kima pasir goreng sebesar 13,67%, dan kadar air terendah terendah pada kima pasir yang dikeringkan sebesar 45,02%, sedangkan susut bobot tertinggi terdapat pada kima yang dikeringkan dengan penyusutan sebesar 71,79% dan terendah pada kima goreng sebesar 46,21%.
Incorporating Cultural Background in Teaching EFL Writing in Libyan: A Critical Literature Review
Authors: Fathia Baresh Eman
Published: March 2024

This study explores the crucial influence of cultural background on the writing performance of English as a Second Language (ESL) and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students, focusing specifically on the Libyan context. The impact of cultural background is observed across various dimensions of writing, encompassing content, organization, style, language, and conventions. Additionally, cultural backgrounds shape the writing strategies adopted by EFL and ESL learners. Considering the significance of this influence, the paper advocates for awareness among EFL and ESL teachers regarding the cultural backgrounds of learners when designing or adopting instructional techniques for teaching EFL writing. The literature review critically examined the roles played by learners' cultural backgrounds in shaping their writing skills. It explores the role of the English language in Libya and assesses the current practices in teaching EFL writing within the Libyan educational landscape. The study discovered that very few studies have been conducted concerning EFL and cultural background in the Libyan context. Thus, it identifies challenges faced by Libyan undergraduates in EFL writing due to their different cultural and linguistic backgrounds, which differ from that of the English language. In conclusion, this study offers valuable insights into the complex relationship between cultural background and EFL writing performance. The paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by Libyan students and provides practical recommendations for instructors. Furthermore, the study identifies potential avenues for future research in the dynamic field of EFL writing instruction.