bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stability and efficiency of coalition governments in Poland and Czech Republic: comparative analysis
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lopata Maryan
Published: July 2023

Government efficiency of coalition governments in Poland and Czech Republic. To evaluate the compiled index of cabinet efficiency we have used data of such scientific institutions as Freedom House, Economist Intelligence Unit and Political Risk Services International Country Risk Guide. Revealed cabinet stability and cabinet efficiency did not always correlate with each other. In general government efficiency was higher in the period before accession to the EU. It is underlined, that the most efficient coalition governments Poland and Czech Republic were minimum-winning coalitions
Towards systematizing and updating the definition and indicators for measuring the stability of governments: theoretical and methodological cut
Authors:   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych Gospodarki Krajowej, Białobłocki Zbigniew
Published: July 2023

The article is dedicated to theoretical and methodological systematizing and updating the definition and indicators for measuring the stability of governments. The researcher examined theoretical, methodological and empirical results that variously describe the fullness and the essence of the concept of “government stability”. For this the author analyzed the essence of the notions of “government,” “governmental cabinet”, “cabinet of ministers” and “stability”. As a result, the researcher highlighted and systematized the indicators and measurement tools for analyzing stability of governments. DOWNLOAD FULL ARTICLE:
Dissident movement as a historical prototype of political opposition: generalization based on the analysis of “real socialism” regimes in Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia.
Authors: Kolcov Vitaliy
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to theoretical and methodological generalization of the phenomenon of dissident movement as a historical prototype of political opposition in the regimes of “real socialism” in Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia. The author identified key types of nonconformist actions that can shear the political opposition, i.e. resistance, disagreement or dissent and opposition. It was generalized that the discovered and determined sequence of nonconformist actions is described with a common root, i.e. protest. However, it was theoretically and methodologically argued that the logical structure of the triad “resistance – dissent – opposition” have to be determined on the basis of social and political importance of a given scientific construct.
Comparative analysis of political cleavages in the countries of east and central Europe
Authors: Slipetska Julija
Published: July 2023

Europe was defined, the main accent made on new lines of political cleavages, that structurize political sphere. Moreover, main theory-methodological approaches to the analyses of political cleavages are provided. Also, the author analyses peculiarities of political cleavages in the East and Central Europe on the examples Hungary, Romania, Czech Republic, Poland and Lithuania.
The models of formation of coalition governments and cooperation of their participants in multiparty conditions: theoretical and practical manifestations
Authors:   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych Gospodarki Krajowej, Białobłocka Sławomira
Published: July 2023

The models of formation of coalition governments and cooperation of their participants in multiparty conditions: theoretical and practical manifestations
Decentralization of local government in Ukraine as a problem of political science: theoretical characteristics of the study, normative-legal basis and influence of other countries experience
Authors: Volskyi Oleg
Published: July 2023

The article deals with the theoretical, methodological and normative principles of the formation of local politics in Ukraine. Conceptual approaches to the definition of the essence of concepts and evolution of local government are revealed. Particular attention is paid to the development of normative and legal sources in the field of local government. The process of decentralization of power as the main factor of changes in the system of local government bodies of Ukraine is determined. It is established that Ukraine has European experience and experience of other countries in the decentralization of the public power due to the processes of reforming and regulatory legal regulation of the system of local government in different EU states. It has been proved that an important key to the success of the decentralization reform in Ukraine is the existing base and the creation of new doctrinal developments.
The stages of formation and features of the administrative and territorial system and the importance of decentralization of power in France
Authors: Diakiw Witalij
Published: July 2023

The article deals with the problems of administrative and territorial system and the processes of decentralization in France. The author examined the system of administrative and territorial structure of France at various stages of its development, in particular from the moment of its formation to the present. In parallel, the article analyzes the significance and influence of the processes of decentralization of power on the administrative and territorial system of the coun- try in general and on administrative reforms in particular. As a result, it is argued that the system of administrative and territorial organization in France is mature and stable, while it is capable of dynamic changes within the system, such as changing the number of its units, etc.
The causes and consequences of emigration and emigration processes in the visegrad group countries: a cross-regional comparative analysis
Authors:   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych Gospodarki Krajowej, Białobłocki Krzysztof
Published: July 2023

The article deals with the causes and consequences of emigration and emigration processes in the Visegrad Group countries at different stages of their development after the collapse of the Warsaw Pact, in particular on the basis of a cross-regional comparative analysis. The author stated that the causes and consequences of emigration in the Visegrad Group countries are interrelated. The researcher argued that emigration from the Visegrad Group countries is socio-economically determined, as the movement of emigrants from the region is mainly directed to the countries of Western Europe and North America. At the same time, it was found that emigration from the Visegrad Group countries is socio-economically advantageous for the countries of Western Europe, but not for the analyzed region. Thus, it was generally argued that the causes and consequences of emigration from Visegrad Group countries are predominantly internal and socio-economic.
The features, statistics and varietie of emigration processes in the countries of the Visegrad group
Authors:   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych Gospodarki Krajowej, Białobłocki Krzysztof
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to analyzing the features, statistics and varieties of emigration processes in the countries of Visegrad Group, i.e. in Poland, Slovakia, Hungary and the Czech Republic. The author argued that emigration processes from the countries of the region before and during their integration into the EU were conditioned primarily by differences in social and economic development. It is observed that before and after the collapse of the USSR and changes in the labor markets and societies of the Visegrad countries, they were economically and socially dependent on Western European countries, and therefore key emigration processes were (and still are) directed to them. At the same time, it is motivated that emigration processes from the countries of the region lead to a shortage of labor, but due to the fact that the more educated is a population of a country the higher is an emigration flow from a country. Accordingly, it is recorded that the emigration activity of immigrants from the Visegrad countries changed after their accession to the EU. It is concluded that the countries of the region are summed up by the “liquid” migration in the form of transnationalism and mobility, since emigrants leave the countries not forever and not for a long time, but for a short time. At the same time, it is found that emigration from the countries of the region has both positive and negative consequences for them.
Activities of the civil society organizations in the Czech Republic
Authors: Fedorchak Tetiana
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes the development of civil society in the Czech Republic on the basis of a large number of empirical materials. The author notes that civil society organizations operate within a broad legal framework in the state. It is proved that the Czechs are actively involved in the activities of civil society organizations that are established in various areas of life. The article examines two main types of non-governmental organizations – advocacy groups and service organizations. Legal regulation of the organizational form of non-governmental organizations allows us to study groups and organizations of civil society. Through the civil society organizations the citizens of the Czech Republic show their views and political positions, provide various services to other members of society. Civil society organizations are structured and separated from the state, usually they are not profitable and they have their own autonomy. The author argues that civil society in the Czech Republic is based not only on the activities of formally registered organizations, but also creates a number of informal groups and initiatives that do not always require legal registration. However, they function successfully and bring great benefits to society.
Before the State Police. Formation genesis
Authors:   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych Gospodarki Krajowej, Bartosiak Zbigniew
Published: July 2023

Contemporary Polish Police celebrates its jubilee under the slogan of the 100th anniversary of the establishment of the State Police. This took place on July 24, 1919, when the Legislative Sejm adopted the State Police Act. Before this happened, the evolution of Polish organizations and public order services continued, which resulted in the establishment of the first, after Poland regained independence, a centralized police service. In this work, the author points to the then realities of practical activities of organizations and services working for public security, their mutual relations, official pragmatics against the background of legal and political changes at the turn of 1918/1919. The content based on contemporary publications, but also on numerous sources from the 1920s, such as legal acts, departmental press, journalism records and the police practice of that time, constitute the precursor character of this study. This year Poland’s Police force celebrates the centenary of the founding of the Polish National Police. On July 25, 1919, National Police was called into existence by an Act the Polish Diet. Before the National Police was formed, the law and order organizations kept evolving to result in the formation of a centrally controlled police force. This author discusses the functioning of the organizations and units which maintained public safety under the conditions that prevailed at the time. The paper shows how these different services interacted with each other during the period of 1918/1919 in the context of the political and legal transformations the country was undergoing. The novel character of this presentation lies in its use of contemporary sources, in conjunction with archival documents from the second decade of the 20th century, including laws passed, trade publications, diaries, to study developments in police work.
The framework, way of election, legitimacy and powers of presidents as institutional, procedural, political and behavioral attributes of the European semi-presidentialism
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lytvyn Vitaliy
Published: July 2023

The article is dedicated to analyzing and comparing the president’s institution under the European semi-presidentialism, in particular in theoretical and empirical contexts. Based on the meth- odology of new institutionalism and behaviorism, the author researched the arbitrary nature and framework of the president’s institution in the European semi-presidentialism, in particular in historical, theoretical and methodological cuts. Special attention was paid to the problems of ways, features and consequences of presidential elections under the European semi-presidentialism. The study is also devoted to the issues of electoral and institutional specifics and logics of popular presidential legitimacy under the European semi-presidentialism. Finally, the article appeals to institutional, procedural, political and behavioral parameters of formal and actual powers and activism of presidents in the European semi-presidentialism. Generally, the scientist developed a complete and systematic view of the president’s institution under the European semi-presidentialism and argued the constant feasibility of the typology of the latter.
Political, social and economic dimensions of government stability: a theoretical and methodological perspective
Authors:   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych Gospodarki Krajowej, Białobłocki Zbigniew
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to theoretical and methodological analyzing political, social and economic dimensions of government stability. It is stated that being determined politically and institutionally the stability of governments is theorized and constructed from the concept of the paradigm of quality and effective governance in society, and therefore it affects various spheres of public life. Generally, it has been proven that government stability is a category that depends on both political and non-political factors. The researcher found that government stability is a complex problem, which is defined as a multidimensional and multifactorial interrelation of the activities of governmental cabinets and economic, social, legal, cultural, political and other factors of public life. Moreover, the influence of such factors can be traced either in the form of institutional levers, or in the form of contextual features of social, economic and political system of a particular state.
The history of socio-political forms of subjectivation and politicization of the Russian ethnic community in Crimea before its annexation by Russia (1989–2013)
Authors:   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych Gospodarki Krajowej, Białobłocki Tomasz
Published: July 2023

The article is dedicated to analyzing the history, prerequisites and peculiarities of socio-political forms of subjectivation and politicization of the Russian ethnic community in Crimea before its annexation by Russia, in particular in the period of 1989–2013. The author found that the dawning of the subjectivation and politicization of the Russian ethnic community in Crimea and consequently the peculiar preparation for annexation of the peninsula were noticeable throughout the “twilight” period of the USSR and the post-Soviet development of Ukraine. They were mainly manifested in socio-political form, in particular in the design and development of public (non-governmental) organizations, which were engaged not only in social, historical, cultural and human rights character, but also in politics, and thus formed certain strategies for the attitude of a large part of the Crimean population (and in some places of the official institutions of Crimea) to the state authorities in Ukraine. It was revealed that Russian organizations of Crimea used a wide range of different approaches in cooperation with the Ukrainian authorities during the period up to 2013. On the one hand, almost all organizations remained in the legal field of Ukraine. Nevertheless, on the other hand, by 2013 and even earlier in Crimea there was a process of politicization of Russian ethnicity, even in the programs of activities of Russian organizations and communities of Crimea, since political motives prevailed over national and cultural ones. Therefore, different parties and organizations ideologically were ready to change the status of Crimea and received support for this in 2013–2014.
The peculiarities of hybrid institutionalization and prospects for democratization of political system of Ukraine
Authors: Haponenko Vira
Published: July 2023

The aim of this research is to study the peculiarities of hybrid institutionalization in the context of prospects for further democratization of political system in Ukraine. The tasks of the research are to clarify the concept of democratization, to distinguish it from such terms as institutionalization and transformation; to establish the criteria for differentiating between hybrid and democratic institutionalization; to define the opportunities for the Ukrainian political system to get out of the institutional trap. The results of the research testify to the hybrid nature of the political regime and institutional changes, contradictions between formal and informal institutions that obstruct democratization of the political system, highlight the prospects for institutionalization of democratic institutions by providing alternatives or assigning formal characteristics to authoritarian practice
The features of minority governments through the prism of party systems of the European parliamentary democracies
Authors:   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych Gospodarki Krajowej, Panczak-Białobłocka Nadija
Published: July 2023

The article is dedicated to analyzing the peculiarities of minority governments through the prism of the party systems of the European parliamentary democracies. The researcher noted that it is exactly the characteristics of party systems in the vast majority of the European parliamentary democracies that are decisive factors that influence the government-formation process and the functioning and accountability of governments, including minority governments. It was determined that of all the characteristics of party systems that influence the structuring of minority governments in parliamentary democracies, it is advisable to distinguish between different quantitative and ideological dimensions of explanations. The author found that it is the quantitative and ideological determinants that influence the particularities of the formation, functioning and responsibility of minority governments, in particular at the example of the European parliamentary democracies.
Lisbon Treaty (2009-2019) on the Journey to Achieve the European Union as an Effective Global Actor
Authors: Krzymowski Adam , Krzymowska Kinga
Published: July 2023

Lisbon Treaty (2009-2019) on the Journey to Achieve the European Union as an Effective Global Actor
Influence of external and internal factors on the information space of modern-day Ukraine
Authors: Matvіienkіv Svіtlana , Anisimovych-Shevchuk Olha
Published: July 2023

The article considers the importance of information space as a component of national security of each state. The authors state that the information space of Ukraine contributes to the formation of the consolidated Ukrainian society and is part of the European and global information space. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence its functioning in modern-day Ukraine. The following objectives are set: to analyze the main approaches to defining the concepts of “information” and “information space”; to consider the external and internal factors that make it vulnerable: destructive influence of the Internet, presence of foreign media, information and psychological war, etc. The authors have come to conclusion that establishing the national concept of national information policy can help to strengthen and protect the information space of modern-day Ukraine.
Party and ideological polarization, proximity and convergence: theorization in a two-party and multi- party electoral and government competition
Authors:   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych Gospodarki Krajowej, Moszczyńska Aneta
Published: July 2023

The article is dedicated to analyzing the logics and models of party and ideological polarization, proximity and convergence, in particular from a theoretical point of view for the conditions of bipartisan and multi-party electoral and government competition. It was stated that political parties, based on the constructions of their formation and functioning (in the struggle for power and being in power), are variational, since they are determined by different ideological positions in the left-right spectrum. Therefore, they are naturally characterized by covariance (coalitions) or opposition, which are tangential to such categories as party polarization, proximity and convergence. It is argued that it is always advisable to understand the expected number of parties in legislature and their ideological positioning in the left-right spectrum when assessing party competition. The relevance of this conclusion is enhanced from bipartism to multipartism, as well as from majoritarian electoral systems to proportional electoral systems, but in general it is reduced to the statement that the more parties are in party system, the greater is the expected ideological range of their party and ideological positioning in the left-right spectrum.
The concept of “local democracy” within the framework of the deployment of institutional and legal forms of local self-government: correlation, formalization and schematization of the main concepts
Authors: Bula Switlana , Hnatiuk Solodymyr
Published: July 2023

This article analyzes the basic categories of the democratic processes in the local space, correlativeness in its framework and defined their basic parameters. According to this were considered works of the native scientists in aspect of the defined scientific problem in accordance with the global trend of its evolution. Processed the legal base of its regulation and defined the specificity of institutionalization in differentiated forms. Suggested the look at the formalization of these concepts, as well as attempt to their schematization as the general vector of human development which intend its immediate realization in practice in a local context.
The features of the method and methodology of studying the stability and efficiency of governments in comparative political science: theoretical cut
Authors:   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych Gospodarki Krajowej, Białobłocki Zbigniew
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to systematization and generalization of the peculiarities of method and methodology of studying stability and efficiency of governments in comparative Political Science. It is based on an appeal to available studies of stability and efficiency of governments that do apply different methodological approaches. It was argued that the problems of stability and efficiency of governments were reflected on the basis of the use of methods and methodology of not only Political Science, but also of Law, Sociology, History, Economics, etc. Nevertheless, it was stated that the problems of stability and efficiency of governments are primarily an interest, which is solved by methods and methodology of comparative Political Science, and thus a comparative method of research. In general, the author found that the issues of stability and efficiency of governments are interdisciplinary, and therefore there is a need for a comprehensive disclosure due to the methods of comparative analysis.
Shift in Electoral Support at the 2019 Presidential and SnapParliamentary Elections in Ukraine
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Romanyuk Anatoliy ,   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych Gospodarki Krajowej
Published: July 2023

The article contemplates universal tendency in regard of a significant increase in electoral volatility peculiar for developed democratic countries. The present study proposes a methodological toolkit for measuring shifts in electoral support, as well as the correctness of its application to the behavior of Ukrainian voters, comparing and correlating electoral volatility indicators for all election cycles. The reasons for a high level of M.Pedersen index in the recent snap parliamentary elections, as well as peculiarities of volatility at the regional level have been analyzed. The present article elucidates the velocity of electoral support shift along with the influence of population paternalism on the change of political agents support as based on the analysis of the results of a sociological survey.
The evolution, logics, variations and improving of the actual (political and behavioral) typology of semi- presidentialism: the organization and manifestations on the example of the European countries
Authors: Lytvyn Vitaliy
Published: July 2023

Semi-presidentialism is a very common and heterogeneous system of government, since it can be typified both formally (institutionally and procedurally) and actually (politically and behaviorally), but the dynamics of semi-presidentialism is less dependent on institutional and constitutional normsthan on political and behavioral factors. These typological factors (in particular, the dualism, legitimacy, party affiliation and responsibility of the executive and the compositions of legislatures) create the grounds for the mediation of semi-presidentialism on the basis of political and behavioral models of the evaluation of norms and manifestations. Therefore, the study primarily focuses on the updated and expanded theorization of the actual (political and behavioral) typology of semi-presidentialism and on the practical consequences, risks and prospects for its operationalization within the framework of the European cases (from the moment of semi-presidentialism’s introduction and as of December 2017). As a result, it is argued that semi-presidentialism (based on a presidential party positioning against the types of cabinets and the parameters of inter-party and intra-party relations) should be alternatively typified on the fully or partly unified majority systems, fully or partly unified minority systems, divided majority systems and divided minority systems, which provide various political implications.
Impact of European integration on the transformation of the media of the Republic of Bulgaria
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Burdiak Vira
Published: July 2023

The author analyzes the present day media of the Republic of Bulgaria and studies the changes they underwent during the period of preparation for accession and its membership in the European Union. The author expresses the important role that the media played in the European integration process, reflecting its impact on social and political life of the state. The democratization of the society has contributed to a significant transformation of the media system and methods of its management. Bulgaria was able to synchronize its media legislation with European norms and standards, which led to a positive dynamics in the development of the media market, TV and radio broadcasting in particular. Bulgaria’s EU integration led to positive transformation of the media policy and media legislation improvement. The European integration process is currently the main priority of Bulgaria’s foreign policy. The EU membership gave Bulgaria the opportunities to develop democratic institutions, including the media system, which in turn allowed Bulgaria to achieve greater internal stability. The Republic of Bulgaria has not yet reached the standards of the European information policy in the field of ethnic issues, but after joining the EU there are tangible positive changes in the improvement of this sphere.
Legal basis for regulating migration and migration processes in the European union on the eve of the European “migration crisis”
Authors:   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych Gospodarki Krajowej, Białobłocki Krzysztof
Published: July 2023

The article deals with analyses and structuration of the legal framework for regulating migration and migration processes in the European Union on the eve of the European “migration crisis”. This is researched in view of the fact that the migration processes in the region have intensified and began to manifest themselves in an extraordinary variety of forms dur- ing the recent decades. The author found that the legal framework for regulating migration and migration processes in the European Union, in particular in retrospective and prognostic sections and mainly on the eve of the European “migration crisis” (i.e. until 2014–2015), was mostly gradually liberalized and simplified, although it provided for greater responsibility. Accondignly, the legal or political and legal specifics of the regulation of migration and migration processes in the EU were one of the factors that contributed or did not prevent the beginning and intensification of the European “migration crisis” in 2014–2015.
Theoretical and Methodological principles of studying the party spectrum of Ukraine
Authors: Semotiuk Orest
Published: July 2023

The article describes key approaches to understanding the concept of a political party, points to the peculiarities of electoral parties and emphasizes the importance of studying the program positions of the party in order to identify its ideological affiliation. The main purpose of the article is to analyze the programs of political parties in Ukraine to determine the party spectrum of political parties that formed parliament in 2019. The results of the study indicate a weak ideological articulation of parliamentary parties in Ukraine, a tendency to centrism. The author of the article also concludes that on a number of formal grounds, most parliamentary parties in Ukraine can be described as electoral, and in general, the Ukrainian party system – as a system of «moderate pluralism.»
Social factors and consequences of covid-19 morbidity and counteraction in the countries of central-eastern, south-eastern and eastern Europe: regional comparison as of 2020–2021
Authors:   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych Gospodarki Krajowej, Panczak-Białobłocka Nadija
Published: July 2023

The article provides a regional comparison of social, political and economic factors and consequences of morbidity and counteraction to COVID-19 in the countries of Central-Eastern, South-Eastern and Eastern Europe during the 2020–2021 period. To do this, there have been made correlations between the morbidity and counteraction to COVID-19 in the analyzed regions and its individual countries with such indicators as the dynamics of political regimes change, human development, equality or inequality of resource allocation, GDP per capita, governance efficiency, etc. Some of the correlations have been shown to be positive and some of them to be negative ones. Most importantly is, however, that the situation with COVID-19 has an extremely negative impact on the dynamics of political regimes in the analyzed regions, in particular on the “erosion” of democracy and autocratization.
Theoretical and Methodological principles of studying the party spectrum of Ukraine
Authors: Slipetska Julija
Published: July 2023

The article describes key approaches to understanding the concept of a political party, points to the peculiarities of electoral parties and emphasizes the importance of studying the program positions of the party in order to identify its ideological affiliation. The main purpose of the article is to analyze the programs of political parties in Ukraine to determine the party spectrum of political parties that formed parliament in 2019. The results of the study indicate a weak ideological articulation of parliamentary parties in Ukraine, a tendency to centrism. The author of the article also concludes that on a number of formal grounds, most parliamentary parties in Ukraine can be described as electoral, and in general, the Ukrainian party system – as a system of «moderate pluralism.»
Transformation of the Czech armed forces under the auspices of NATO
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Burdiak Vira , Fedorchuk Tetiana ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University
Published: July 2023

The authors argue that the Czech Republic’s integration into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization has become an important factor in shaping the security system of Central and Eastern Europe and is a part of the vital interests of NATO candidate states and Washington’s policy on the European continent. The asymmetry of potentials and the lack of formation of the Czech security sector, as well as the other CEE states, allowed Washington to fill the niche of the so-called “security guarantor” and create an image of a long-term strategic partnership, strong ties between NATO and the United States who were the world leaders at the time. Guarantees of the collective security system of all members of the Alliance, according to Art. 5 of the Washington Treaty, were “attractive” to a post-communist state that distrusted its Western partners (in connection with the events of 1938 and 1968) and did not have sufficient resources and defense capabilities to build security on its own. We believe that in terms of the security policy of the Czech Republic, the partnership and cooperation with the United States in the transition phase has created the conditions and tools for the integration of the Czech Republic into the European and transatlantic security system.
Features of the formation and current state of development and management of cultural and social diversity in the United Kingdom
Authors: Fylyk Oleg
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to analyzing the peculiarities of the formation, management and current state of development of cultural and social diversity, including through the policy of multiculturalism, in the United Kingdom or, in particular, in Great Britain. This issue has been systematized due to the author’s own reflections and taking into account some corrections at the background of the political process in the United Kingdom both before and after the disintegration of the country from the European Union. As a result, the researcher clarified the parameters of cultural and social diversity evolution at the background of the stages of formation and development of the phenomenon and policy of multiculturalism in the United Kingdom. It has been found that both civil society and, at most, political actors in the United Kingdom both simultaneously reject and support cultural diversity as a political goal and set of practices. As a result, the rhetoric of mobilized or politicized, limited or defective and inclusive or integrative, but not polycentric multiculturalism takes shape in the country. However, in contrast, there has been theorized and reflected the irreconcilable and antagonistic opposition of multiculturalism to multiculture (social and cultural diversity), which inevitably contributes to the politicization of this issue in the United Kingdom.
The peculiarities of membership in political parties of Ukraine through the focus of regional party organizations of Lviv region
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Romanyuk Anatoliy ,   Akademia Nauk Stosowanych Gospodarki Krajowej
Published: July 2023

The level of studying the issue of party membership by Ukrainian and foreign scholars has been analyzed. Different options for presenting information on the number of party members at the national and regional levels have been considered. Expert estimates on the number of party organizations in Lviv region and indicators of the ratio of members and non-partisans among candidates for regional and city councils during the 2020 local elections in Lviv region have been considered. The main groups of party membership have been singled out. The motivation of participation and non-participation in the work of party organizations has been considered. The tendency of low level of party participation and further reduction of the number of party members in all regional party structures has been stated.
Insurance Company Financial Performance Analysis
Authors: Rasyid Abdul
Published: July 2023

This study intends to examine the financial performance of insurance companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2016 and 2019. This study employs the liquidity ratio, the profitability ratio, and the solvency ratio as indicators of financial performance. The sample comprises of thirteen insurance companies that are listed on the IDX and go public. The results revealed multiple findings. First, the liquidity ratio, which consists of the current ratio and the fast ratio, demonstrates fluctuations, particularly in the calculation of the current ratio. The maximum value for insurance companies with the AHAP code is 772 percent, which is included in the excellent criteria. In contrast, the insurance company with the code AMAG has the lowest value, 2%, which falls under the unfavorable criteria. The fast ratio also demonstrates positive results, with insurance companies having values greater than 1, indicating the availability of current assets to cover liabilities. The second variable is the solvency ratio, which comprises the total debt to equity ratio and the total debt to asset ratio. The insurance companies with the ASDM code have the highest total debt to equity ratio, which is 50%, indicating a solid equity-based return rate. Meanwhile, insurance companies with the AHAP code have the lowest value, 2%, indicating a weak equity-based return rate. The total debt to asset ratio is unfavorable, with insurance companies with the ASDM code having the highest value (83%) and insurance companies with the AHAP code having the lowest value (4%). Thirdly, return on assets (ROA) is used to compute the profitability ratio. ROA also fluctuates. Insurance companies with the AHAP code have the highest value, 5403%, which demonstrates the company's ability to generate exceptional returns on total assets. In contrast, insurance companies with the codes ABDA, AHAP, and AMAG have the lowest value, 6%, indicating a healthy rate of return on profits based on total assets.
BRIEF REVIEW ON ALGAE BASED BIOFUEL
Authors: Islam Mafiqul
Published: July 2023

This Utilization of algae as a sustainable biofuel source is summarized in this critical assessment. Biohydrogen is a third generation feedstock for the manufacture of biofuels(bioethanol,biodiesel,or biogas)biofuel made from gas cannot reach its maximum potential because of the higher Costs of farming, reaping, extraction other stages. Consequently, this evaluationgrants Deriving biofuels starting from algae biomass is explained in great detail systems such as raceway ponds and photo bioreactors along with their bottlenecks. Evolution of biofuel The first section of this manuscript addressed feedstock’s, from edible oils to algae. Here are some insights into the various generation of biofuels. Ultimately, Algal cultivation pretreatments and future dimensions .These steps were explained in detail in order to make carefullypractical algal biofuel.
Performance of parasitoid Bracon hebetor (Say.) (Hymenoptera
Authors: Saba Sohana , Islam Md.Mafiqul
Published: July 2023

Harbobracon hebetor say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a gregarious larval ectoparasitoid of several species of Lepidoptera that are associated with stored products. The present study addresses the effect of photoperiod of H.Hebetor reared on the host C. cephalonica. The results revealed that the effect of photoperiod of H. hebetor reared host in C. cepholonica was not significantly varied. The highest percentage of parasitism (98.553%) was recorded in 08L:16D followed by 91.110% in 24L:00D photoperiod. 86.667% in 00L:24D respectively. However the photoperiod 12L:12D showed the lowest percentage 82.223% of parasitism. The highest percent of pupae formed and adult emergence of parasitoid H. hebetor was achieved (98.045%) for 00L: 24D and (98.923%) for 08L:16D photoperiod when reared on C.cephalonica. The highest number of larval production (86.33) was recorded for 00L:24 photoperiod and lowest was 20.67 for 12L:12D photoperiod. The result showed the highest adult male and female body, head width and wing span length in 08L:16D photoperiod when reared on the host C. cepholonica.
Climate Change and Environmental Security in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Md. Toufik , Islam Md.Mafiqul , Rana Md. Shohel
Published: July 2023

Climate change is a major non-traditional Security (NTS) issue which poses a massive threat to global environmental security. Climate change is still occurring, manifested in rising temperatures, increased river and coastal flooding and erosion, rising sea levels, increasing salinity, and more frequent, severe weather events. It is evident that men and women are affected differently by the environmental consequences of climate change. Women become more vulnerable to climate change impacts and environmental disasters. The paper aims to show the interrelationship of climate change, environmental security and gender in Bangladesh. Moreover, the paper examines the impacts of climate change in environmental security from the gender perspective exploring the condition of women during disasters and their vulnerabilities under climate change scenario in Bangladesh. Secondary data have been used and analyzed to identify the overall condition of women during hazardous situations in Bangladesh. Available data reveal that a number of climate-induced hazards are already affecting many women especially in the coastal zone, low-lying areas and north- west part of the country. The paper finds that climate change has disproportionate impacts on women in Bangladesh affecting their food security, water security, health security, economic livelihood as well as internal migration. Finally, the paper provides policy recommendations dealing with the gender differentiated climate change vulnerabilities experienced by Bangladesh.
CONTAMINANT IDENTIFICATION IN WATER BY MICROBIAL BIOSENSORS
Authors: Islam Mafiqul , Rana Md. Shohel
Published: July 2023

The various micro-organisms are used to identify contaminated water. By the help of biosensors, drinking water pollution can be estimated. Rising environmental pollution is badly affecting water. Drinking contaminated water causes serious diseases in human beings as well as in animals.

Microorganism in contaminated water can spread serious diseases. Biosensors are genetically modified to identify the occurrence of heavy metals, chemicals and toxins in contaminated water. Different microbes are used as biosensors such as Escherichia coli, Algae, Fungi and Clostridium etc. All these biosensors help to detect water pollution by different ways. For example, algae can detect water contamination by fluorescence during photosynthesis. Most rural areas are being affected by contaminated water. Most of the people living in rural areas are being affected by the polluted water as clean water is not available in these areas. People living in rural areas use water that looks clear but contains micro-pathogens that can cause dangerous diseases. Biosensors are important for identifying contamination, Due biosensor, can easily deduct pollution. Water is very important for the survival.

Drinking contaminated water can cause serious illness. Therefore, clean water is very important.
Current trends of library automation Academic library in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Mafiqul
Published: July 2023

This research focuses on current trends of library automation in Rajshahi University Central Library. This research try to find out RUCL various work sections and services present status. The work is confined on one university library in Bangladesh. It try to investigate on different aspects and function. Finally the work find out some problems and suggestions on rajshahi university central library automation system.

This study provides a bird’s eye on automation system rajshahi university central library view but don’t give a total idea on library automation system in Bangladesh
THE FOOTPRINT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS REPERCUSSION ON INTERNATIONAL TAX
Authors: Adesegun Adepeju Omotoyosi , Sánchez Sánchez Eva María
Published: July 2023

At present, we are immersed in the development and evolution of tax law, where enhanced
relationships now predominate over aggressive planning. In this context,
Application of artificial intelligence technologies in historical education
Authors: Oskin Arkadzi
Published: July 2023

The possibilities of using artificial intelligence technologies in the training of future historians are considered. As you know, the most popular AI chatbot currently is the ChatGPT application. Unfortunately, access to this service for users from Russia and Belarus is currently limited. However, there are many third–party applications that are free from such restrictions that use the ChatGPT API and perform similar tasks. The article analyzes three of the most interesting and useful of these services: Phind.com, Talkai.info, Explainlikeimfive.io. A detailed overview of each application and possible options for its use in the educational process are offered.
The use of topic modeling to optimize the process of searching for relevant historical documents (on the example of the stock exchange press of the early 20th century)
Authors: Galushko Ilia Nikolaevich
Published: July 2023

The key task of the presented article is to test how we can analyze the information potential of a historical sources collection by using thematic modeling. Some modern collections of digitized historical materials number tens of thousands of documents, and at the level of an individual researcher, it is difficult to cover available funds. Following a number of researchers, we suggest that thematic modeling can become a convenient tool for preliminary assessment of the content of a collection of historical documents; can become a tool for selecting only those documents that contain information relevant to the research tasks. In our case, the Birzhevye Vedomosti newspaper was chosen as one of the main collection of historical documents. At this stage, we can confirm that in our study, the use of topic modeling proved to be a productive solution for optimizing the process of searching for historical documents in a large collection of digitized historical materials. At the same time, it should be emphasized that in our work topic modeling was used exclusively as an applied tool for primary assessment of the information potential of a documents collection through the analysis of selected topics. Our experience has shown that, at least for Birzhevye Vedomosti, topic modeling with LDA does not allow us to draw conclusions from the standpoint of our content analysis methodology. The data of our models are too fragmentary, it can only be used for the initial assessment of the topics describing the information contained in the source.