bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond the Ideological Siege: A Critical Reading of Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451
Authors:   Department of English Language, College of Education, Missan University, Iraq, Abass Salim Kadhim , Sandaran  ,   SC, Language Academy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Published: September 2019

The current paper is set to investigate the clash of ideologies and culturesas encoded in the American novel Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury. This qualitative study aims at analysing the narrative text, from Marxist perspective and Foucault’s views on power and knowledge. It is hypothesized that knowledge and anti-knowledge reshape the clash of cultures in human communities. The objectives of this research paper are to investigate the clash of ideologies or, more specifically, the clash of epistemic systems in a dystopian society, as well as to unmask the games played by the political powers to annihilate human awareness and identity to convince the community to practice the culture of bourgeoisie. As a mass consumption community, this anti-intellectual ideology results in the sterility of life. One finding of the study is that the cultural shock experience by, Montag, the protagonist enables him to resist and break the ideological siege which is imposed by power. He became the modern hero of the culture who joined the elite or the sophisticated culture experiences by the Book people or the renegade intellectuals who believe in the progress of mankind through the sophisticated philosophy of loving and reading books.
Perceptions and Challenges of CLT in EFL Classes - Possible Research in Afghan Tertiary EFL Context
Authors:   Department of English, Faculty of Languages and Literature, Ghazni University, Ghazni City, Afghanistan., Takal Ghazi Mohammad , Ibrahim Noor Mala ,   Language Academy, UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
Published: September 2019

A great deal of research has been conducted regarding Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in English as a Second Language (ESL) and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts, including in Afghanistan. However, the real status of CLT employed in Afghan context is vague due to the lack of sufficient studies. The aim of this paper is to present a review on CLT in various EFL contexts in general and on the perceptions and challenges in the implementation of CLT in Afghanistan for the purpose of identifying gap for a subsequent investigation of CLT in the country. The results show that there are still many areas that need to be examined in the Afghan EFL setting to improve the quality of English teaching and learning in Afghan universities.
An Evaluation of Primary School Year 6 (KSSR) English Textbook
Authors:   Balkh University, Kabul, Afghanistan., Momand Muska , Sugunabalan Ambiga ,   Faculty of Social Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia, Ibrahim Said Ahmed Mustafa ,   Faculty of Social Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Alexandria, Egypt., Sandaran  ,   SC Language Academy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Published: September 2019

This study investigates the effectiveness of Malaysian Primary School Year 6 (KSSR) English textbook to determine the extent to which the textbook conforms to the universal characteristics of ESL/EFL textbooks. A modified version of Alamri’s (2008) English as Foreign Language (EFL) textbook evaluation checklist developed by Akef and Moosavi (2014) was distributed along with the textbook to 12 TESL postgraduate students and 18 primary school English Language teachers currently studying at University Technology Malaysia (UTM) for evaluation. The data collected from this study was analysed using descriptive statistical technique which is a quantitative method. The findings highlight some of the weaknesses of the textbook in compliance to the universal characteristics of ELT textbooks. These include lack of supplementary materials and teachers’ dissatisfaction towards language contents and language skills elements. The findings from this study can provide significant feedback for teachers, textbook designers, curriculum developers and policy makers to place more emphasis on textbook evaluation when developing textbooks.
Literature Instructions in Secondary Schools: A Case Study
Authors:   Language Academy, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti  Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Samat Norhanim Binti Abdul , Khaidzir Sarah Nur Ain Binti ,   School of Education, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti  Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor
Published: September 2019

Literature component has been made clear by the Ministry of Education (2012) in Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013-2025 to promote active learning and enhance learning. However, some studies show that learners might not be interested in literature lessons in schools for many different reasons. Their reactions and responses during the literature lessons show their lack of interest. This research was undertaken to investigate learners’ reactions during literature lessons. This qualitative case study was carried out on two mixed ability classes, consisting of 53 high school learners from two schools in Johor Bahru district and four English teachers. Lessons were observed and videotaped, and the participant-teachers were interviewed and audiotaped to seek responses on their learners’ reactions and responses during lessons. This research provides new insights on how learners perceive literature lessons in schools which promotes language learning.
An Evaluation of Sub-Skills (Vocabulary, Grammar and Pronunciation) in the Grade 9 English Textbook of Afghan Secondary Schools
Authors:   Faculty of Education, Department of English, Kandahar University, 3801, Kandahar, Afghanistan, Katawazai Rahmatullah , Haidari Mustafa ,   Faculty of Education, Department of English, Kandahar University, 3801, Kandahar, Afghanistan, Sandaran  ,   SC Language Academy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
Published: September 2019

English language is a part of the school's curriculum in all levels in Afghanistan as a foreign language. Despite it being including for decades, very little research has been done in regard to the quality and evaluation of the ELT English textbooks. The current study investigates and evaluates English Language Sub-skills of the secondary school textbook “Grade 9” to evaluate the effectiveness of the materials for the teaching and learning of the subskills. The Eclectic Checklist of Demir & Ertas (2014) has been selected for evaluating the selected English textbook. The findings indicate that the selected textbook lacks contextualized usage of vocabulary, systematic representation and sufficient explanations of grammatical structures, and appropriate usage of pronunciation activities. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the textbook needs improvements in developing and presenting the sub-skills of English language appropriately, particularly grammar and pronunciation. These findings will be helpful to policy makers and ELT textbooks developers of Afghanistan to represent the contextualized and appropriate usage of the English Language sub-skills in upcoming versions of ELT textbooks.
The Development of Children Attire in Malay Ceremonials in the Context of Malay Socio-Cultural
Authors:   Faculty of Art & Design, University Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Malaysia, Aziz Arba’iyah binti Ab. , Aziz Mohamad Kamal bin Abd ,   Faculty of Art & Design, University Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Malaysia, Mudzafar Nabilah binti ,   Faculty of Art & Design, University Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Malaysia, Ibrahim Nor Idayu binti ,   Faculty of Art & Design, University Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Malaysia
Published: September 2019

Basically this research is a part of Malay historical research that emphasize on the significance and the beauty of Malay culture. This research is focuses on the Malay children attire in specific ceremonies. Culture is the common way of life of a community or a nationhood that manifest the ideas, custom and social behavior collectively. The cultural activist has divided the human aspect of life into various field. It involves the arts, custom, social habits, economy, language, attires and accessories, courtesy, value system, and neighborhoods. In general culture can be defined as an instruction to the members of a society in a closer way of life (Asmad, 1990). Meanwhile, Zubaidah Sual (2017) has stated that, the annotation of Malay traditional clothe is the style worn by the communal during the specific ceremonies and their daily style. Therefore, this historical research is relatively based on the Mayer Schapiro theory of style in analysing the artefacts. As mentioned by Siti Zainon Ismail (2016), there are two level of Malay cultural manifestation which are; ‘tradisi agung’ and ‘tradisi rakyat’ or the royal and the communal. This research aims to explore on the style and the material use in each of these children attires. Furthermore, it discusses the children customary clothes in three main ceremonies namely head shaving ceremony / cukur jambul, circumcised / berkhatan, and also baby ear piercing / bertindik. In a nutshell, these two different group of Malay tradition maintain the Malay traditional attire style in each of their ceremony. Yet the royals are keen to use Songket and beautiful lavish accessories meanwhile the communal are constantly keep to use the economical materials for their children ceremonial attires. Overall, this study will provide an invaluable source of information about Malay custom and culture. It will be benefited to the Malay royal families, researchers, academicians, scholars, students, cultural archivists, museum curators and public at large in studying and preserving this heritage and tradition.
A Study on Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge among Teacher-Educators in Punjab Region
Authors:   Professor, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara (Punjab), India, Beri Dr. Nimisha , Sharma Lalit ,   Research Scholar, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara (Punjab), India
Published: September 2019

Effective ICT integration requires teachers to gain proficiency in TPACK (knowledge of technology, content, pedagogy, and the intersection of these) (Mishra & Koehler, 2006; Archambault, & Crippen, 2009). TPACK is perceived as a dynamic framework representing the knowledge that teachers must confide on to design and implement curriculum and instruction while guiding their students’ thinking and learning with digital technologies in various subjects. TPACK competencies are very fruitful in making teaching learning process an ecstatic experience as it would make notable changes in the interaction pattern of educators. Even though TPACK is a boon in teaching and learning, it is a fact that the fruits of these skills are not appropriately utilized by the stakeholders. This study was aimed to evaluate the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) competencies among teacher-educators in teaching training colleges in the state of Punjab, (India). A five-point Likert scale constructed and validated by the researchers was used in the present study. Instrumental survey method was practiced as a tool for the present research. 200 teacher-educators working in different teaching-training colleges in the state of Punjab, (India) were selected through random sampling method. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS 22.0 software. The findings of the study show that the technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) competencies have found high in the teacher-educators of Punjab region. The study revealed that there are statistically significant differences in the (TPACK) competencies of teacher-educators with respect to gender, locality of college, stream and type of colleges.
Current Approach towards Dissemination of Ideas and Combating Social Taboos in India
Authors:   Lovely Professional University, India, Arora Dr. Manavpreet Kaur
Published: September 2019

There is a magnanimous change in attitude towards taboo subjects in India which is evident in the attitude adopted by content creators and users. The core concern of this research is to analyse the change in visual strategies adopted in the current decade towards subjects such as gender bias, menstruation and homosexuality. This is a qualitative research where data collection encompasses case study of short films uploaded on You Tube since 2010. Analysis of the visual approach is done on the parameter of appeal adopted, selection of cast, broad societal context represented and its overall aesthetics. The results decipher that more celebrity actors and directors have recently opted for the impudence of short films and a backdrop of a middle class background for maximum reach. The visual approach is a balanced mix of pragmatism and emotions. The count of viewership and outnumbering likes are indicative of change in social attitudes.
Employability: Does University-Industry Linkages Matters?
Authors:   Faculty of Management, UTM, Johor Bahru, Malaysia, Gul Ambreen , Abbasi Bilal A. ,   Faculty of Management, UTM, Johor Bahru, Malaysia, Senin Aslan A. ,   Faculty of Management, UTM, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Published: September 2019

This study is aimed at identifying the important university-industry linkages (UILs) activities that can be pivotal in developing self-perceived employability among Pakistani university students. It also examines the relationship between UILs and self-perceived employability. It seeks to answer the question, whether the dimensions of UILs plays any role in self-perceived employability among Pakistani university students? Design/Methodology/Approach: The instrument developed by Ishengoma, and Vaaland (2016) was used to identify the important UILs activities and self-perceived employability among students was measured through Rothwell, Herbert, & Rothwell (2008)’ scale. A sample of 285 university students who are enrolled in 11 federally chartered universities of Islamabad, Pakistan was surveyed via close ended questionnaire through emails and in person. Descriptive statistics and PLS-SEM were applied to tests the hypothesized relationship by using SmartPLS. Finding: The study results reveal that all three dimensions of UILs (1. collaborative training & educational activities, 2. collaborative consulting activities, 3. collaborative research activities) are positively related to self-perceived employability, and hence, supports all three hypotheses. The strong and significant regression results are indicative of this conjecture. The study also reflects the student internship programs and joint projects are most popular UILs activity in Pakistani universities. Implications: The research findings augment our understanding of UILs in Pakistan and how they relate to self-perceived employability. The study findings have implications for universities who are striving for better role in society and for industry, who want to be innovative in order to remain competitive. Lastly it has special implications for students who are about to enter in their professional lives and for policy makers to redefining the role of universities, industry and government to promote employability. Originality/value: This research adds values to existing literature on UILs, as most of previous UILs are descriptive and exploratory in nature. This is a unique explanatory study which relates UILs with employability, particularly in context of a developing country
International Parental Child Abduction In United States Of America And India
Authors:   Asst. Prof. Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, New Law College, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Shaikh Anisa , Khandare Jayashree ,   Asst. Prof. Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, New Law College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Published: September 2019

Intentional community concerns the issue of child parental abduction through its conventions. Total 100 countries across the world have recognized the Hague abduction convention in 2019. India is not a part of Hague Abduction Convention although Indian judiciary applying domestic personal laws and best interest principle in wrongful removal dispute in custody cases. This article gives analytical and explorative view on the issue of child abduction by parents from their habitual residence. Child abduction involves where one parent unilaterally takes the child back to his or her country in disturbed marital relationship. This article examines legal issue and problems in international parental child abduction and also throws light on International Abduction Bill. The Bill has been studied critically and analytically to suggest the recommendation. This article attempts to explain the existing statutory and judicial laws in India regarding parental abduction.
A Critical Analysis Of Rising Intolerance And Growing Polarisation: Lynching
Authors:   Asst. Prof. Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, New Law College, Pune, Maharashtra, India., Dubey Rashmi , Sakhalkar Ujjwala ,   Asst. Prof. Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, New Law College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Published: September 2019

“Fear of law and veneration for the Scommand of the law constitutes the foundation of a civilized society...Lynching is an affront to the rule of law and to the exalted values of the Constitution itself. We may say without any fear of contradiction that lynching by unruly mobs and barbaric violence arising out of incitement and instigation cannot be allowed to become the order of the day.”-Tehseen S.Poonawalav.Union of India The term ‘Law’ do not just have a mere existence rather is being enacted and enforced for the betterment of the public at large. For benefits of the citizens various basic rights has been conferred upon them and accordingly their social behaviour is being regulated. Citizens in return is required to mandatorily abide by the enforced laws. From the era of divinity, the study of various religion has always laid emphasis on to the laid down norms to regulate the human conduct in the society. Law has been the crucial part of this man-made society. The very basic purpose of law is to keep a check upon the actions of the individual and to protect the society from various criminal activities. But Lynching, an act, comprising of violence which sets aside the laid down laws is gradually becoming a fear for the public at large. It signifies that people are seeking for instant justice for any form of crime thereby creating a threat to the existing laws which are meant to preserve and protect the society. Nothing else can define the act of Lynching in a best possible way then this statement given by Mahatma Gandhi: “an eye for an eye can turn the whole world blind.”
Cyber Delinquency: Issues And Challenges Under Indian Legal System
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), New Law College, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Srivastava Astha , Sinha Shivangi ,   Assistant Professor, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), New Law College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Published: September 2019

Children are the shoulders which carry a nation to the future. It is important for a nation to develop that its youth are on the right tracks. But even if sometime a child shows a behavior which is uncalled for a society and delinquent in nature that does not means that he is no longer fit to be a part of the society. Children are a fragile mind and can be put on the right course of development through proper guidance. This paper aims at discussing the reason why minors are more and more involving themselves into committing offences with the aid of technology. Technology which is aimed at their development is in some case proving to be there enemy. The paper further focuses on various types of cyber crimes and how our legal system can control cyber crimes by minors.
Internet Trolling: Analyzing The Legal Myths And Facts
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), New Law College, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Shringarpure Dr. Salil , Dharam Dr. Jyoti ,   Assistant Professor, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), New Law College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Published: September 2019

The internet and social media is bringing the world closer. It keeps us connected as it is not possible for people to carry any social visits personally due to their hectic schedule. However trolling is a menace in the age of internet and social media. Some people with malicious intentions tend to misuse the social media platforms and thereby cause trouble to other innocent users. Therefore a person who opens an account on social media shall behave in a civilized way and use the social media in decent way so that there is no trouble caused to other social media users.
PERBANDINGAN EFEKTIVITAS ONDANSETRON DAN TRAMADOL INTRAVENA DALAM MENCEGAH MENGGIGIL PASCA ANESTESI UMUM
Authors: Arifin Johan , Sanjaya Yosie Arif
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Menggigil pasca anestesi merupakan komplikasi yang cukup sering terjadi, menimbulkan keadaan yang tidak nyaman dan menimbulkan berbagai resiko. Selama ini obat yang digunakan untuk mencegah atau mengatasi menggigil mempunyai efek samping mual, muntah, sedasi dan depresi napas. Tujuan penelitian adalah membuktikan pemberian ondansetron 0,1 mg/kgBB intra vena sebelum induksi anestesi lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan pemberian tramadol 2 mg/kgBB intra vena sebelum induksi anestesi dalam mencegah menggigil pasca anestesi umum.Metode : Penelitian eksperimental "randomized post test only controlled group" pada 72 pasien usia 16-40 tahun yang menjalani operasi selama 1-2 jam dengan anestesi umum. Tanda vital (tekanan darah, laju jantung, saturasi oksigen serta suhu tubuh aksila) diukur 5 menit sebelum induksi dilanjutkan randomisasi. Pasien dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok : Kelompok O mendapatkan ondansetron 0,1 mg/kgBB, kelompok T mendapatkan tramadol 2 mg/kgBB dan kelompok K mendapatkan NaCl 0,9%. Setelah perlakuan dilakukan induksi anestesi sesuai dengan standar. Tanda vital diukur segera setelah ekstubasi dan tiap lima menit selama 15 menit. Uji statistik dengan One-way Anova dan Kruskal Wallis dengan derajat kemaknaan p < 0,05.Hasil : Kejadian menggigil pada kelompok tramadol terjadi pada 5 pasien (20,8%), pada kelompok ondansentron 4 pasien (16,7%), (p=0,482). Sedangkan antara kelompok ondansentron dan tramadol dengan kelompok kontrol, menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna (p < 0,05). Perbedaan suhu tubuh kelompok ondansetron dan tramadol tidak bermakna. Lima pasien (20,8%) pada kelompok tramadol mengalami mual muntah sedangkan kelompok ondansetron tidak didapatkan efek samping (p < 0,05).Kesimpulan : Ondansetron 0,1 mg/kgBB dan tramadol 2 mg/kgBB intra vena mempunyai efektifitas yang sama dalam mencegah menggigil pasca anestesi umum, tetapi ondansetron mempunyai efek samping yang lebih sedikit dibandingkan tramadol.Kata kunci: menggigil pasca anestesi, ondansetron, tramadol.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Vitamin C dan D Dosis Tinggi Terhadap System Hemopoetik Penderita Kanker Kepala Leher yang Mendapat Kemoterapi Cisplatin
Authors: Aminullah Yusuf , - Wiratno , Susilaningsih Neni
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Cisplatin dapat menyebabkan penurunan sistem hemopoetik akibat Radical oxygen spesies (ROS) pada penderita kanker kepala dan leher (KKL). Kombinasi vitamin C dan E dosis tinggi sebagai antioksidan dari luar diperlukan untuk menetralisir ROS. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuktikan bahwa kombinasi vitamin C dan E dosis tinggi dapat mengurangi penurunan sistem hemopoetik penderita KKL akibat cisplatin.

Metode : Penelitian eksperimental pre-post test design. Subyek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dari klinik dan bangsal THT-KL RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang dilakukan randomisasi blok, kemudian dibagi menjadi dua kelompok; kelompok perlakuan diberikan kombinasi vitamin C 1000 mg dan E 400 mg dan kelompok kontrol diberikan vitamin C 2x50 mg selama 5 minggu. Analisis data dengan chi square, paired t-test dan independent t-test.

Hasil : Empat puluh delapan subyek memenuhi kriteria inklusi, usia terbanyak 50–59 tahun yaitu 35,6%, laki-laki dan perempuan 3 : 1, KNF 32(71,1%), stadium IV 27(60%). Terdapat penurunan hemoglobin dan lekosit yang bermakna antara kedua kelompok (p<0,05), sedangkan penurunan eritrosit dan trombosit tidak berbeda bermakna (p>0,05)

Simpulan : Kombinasi vitamin C dan E dosis tinggi dapat mengurangi penurunan kadar hemoglobin dan jumlah lekosit penderita KKL akibat cisplatin.

Kata kunci: Kombinasi vitamin C dan E dosis tinggi, cisplatin, sistem hemopoetik.
Aspek Biomolekuler Apoptosis, Caspase-3 & RAK pada Pemberian Morinda Citrifolia L (Mengkudu) Tikus Sprague Dawley Diabetes Nefropati yang Diinduksi Streptocotocin (STZ)
Authors: KS Indranila
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Nefropati diabetes (ND) adalah salah satu bentuk komplikasi mikrovaskuler yang sering dijumpai pada penderita diabetes mellitus (DM). Morinda citrifolia L (Mengkudu) memiliki komponen zat bioaktif bersifat imunomodulator, imunosupresif, anti inflamasi dan antiapoptosis, diharapkan dapat memperbaiki fungsi ginjal dengan pengukuran biomarker RAK, indeks apoptosis, dan caspase-3.

Tujuan penelitian : Membuktikan peran Morinda citrifolia L(MC) dalam memperbaiki fungsi ginjal ND  pada tikus SD yang diinduksi STZ.

Metode penelitian :The post test only control group desain. Tiga puluh enam ekor tikus Sprague Dawley dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok : 2 kelompok kontrol, dan 4 kelompok perlakuan. Tikus diinduksi STZ dosisi 40 mg/kgBB selama 8 minggu, kemudian di beri MC dosis 10,20,40,80mg/dL selama 2 minggu. Pada akhir penelitian tikus diperiksa RAK, indeks apoptosis, caspase-3. Data dianalisis menggunakan Mann Whitney dan regresi linier berganda. dengan tingkat kemaknaan p<0,05.

Hasil dan pembahasan :Pada penelitian ini digunakan 36 ekor tikus SD yang dikelompokkan menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu kelompok 1 mendapat kelompok STZ + MC 10 mg, 1 kelompok mendapat  kelompok STZ + MC 20 mg,1 kelompok STZ + MC 40 mg, 1kelompok STZ + MC 80 mg,1 kelompok STZ / kontrol (+ ) dan 1 kelompok kelompok kontrol (-).  Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan RAK urin kelompok MC 20 mg adalah lebih rendah secara bermakna dibanding kelompok kontrol (+) dengan nilai p=0,04. Indeks apoptosis kelompok MC 20 mg adalah lebih rendah secara bermakna dibanding kontrol (+) dengan p=0,002. Ekspresi caspase-3 jaringan glomerulus yang tertinggi adalah pada kelompok yang mendapat STZ dan MC  yang paling rendah adalah pada kelompok yang mendapat MC 20 mg. Korelasi antara ekspresi caspase-3 dengan indeks apoptosis pada jaringan glomerulus dan tubulus ginjal menunjukkan adanya korelasi positip kuat  (p<0,001) Hal ini secara tidak langsung  dapat menjelaskan apotosis yang terjadi pada jaringan nefron ginjal adalah melalui jalur caspase.            

Simpulan dan saran : Pemberian Morinda citrifolia L dosis 10,20,40,80mg/dL dapat menurunkan status albuminuri berdasarkan pengukuran RAK, indeks apoptosis glomerulus, ekspresi caspase-3. Pemberian ekstrak Morinda citrifolia L  dapat memperbaiki  fungsi  ginjal paling  bermakna pada konsentrasi  20 mg/dL,dan berpengaruh paling kuat untuk perbaikan ND melalui apoptosis glomerulus terhadap penurunan status albuminuria (RAK).Perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan pada manusia, dengan dosis 100mg/kgBB, yang merupakan hasil konversi dosis 20mg/dL pada tikus.

 Kata kunci : nefropati diabetes,  morinda citrifolia L, tikus SD, STZ, apoptosis, caspase-3, RAK
Karakteristik Pasien HIV/AIDS dengan Kandidiasis Orofaringeal di RSUP Dr . Kariadi Semarang
Authors: Sofro Muchlis , Angita Innes , Isbandrio Bambang
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Epidemi HIV/AIDS di Indonesia merupakan salah satu yang paling cepat di Asia. Penelitian di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang menunjukkan bahwa infeksi oportunistik yang tersering pada pasien HIV/AIDS adalah kandidiasis orofaringeal sebesar 79%. Kandidiasis orofaringeal merupakan infeksi oportunistik mukosa yang banyak disebabkan oleh jamur Candida albicans, tetapi dapat disebabkan oleh spesies lain seperti Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis dan Candida krusei. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui karakteristik dan jenis kandida pasien HIV/AIDS dengan kandidiasis orofaringeal di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang.

Metode : Penelitian deskriptif observasional pada pasien HIV/AIDS dengan kandidiasis orofaringeal yang dirawat di Bangsal Penyakit Dalam RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang pada Desember 2010–Mei 2011. Kriteria diagnosis melalui identifikasi mikrobiologi (pengecatan gram, kultur, germ tube dan fermentasi)

Hasil : Total 42 Pasien HIV/AIDS dengan kandidiasis orofaringeal terdapat 29 laki-laki (69%), rentang usia terbanyak 30–39 tahun, pekerjaan buruh dan pegawai swasta (21,43%), pasien sudah menikah (88,09%), underweight (52,38%), berasal dari Semarang (33,33%), CD4 <50 sel/µl (78,57%). Hasil kultur mikrobiologi 40 sampel tumbuh koloni kandida, 75% tumbuh >300 koloni kandida, jenis spesies kandida 55% non C. albicans yang terdiri dari C. stellatoidea 15%, C. tropicalis 15%, C. parapsilosis 12,5%, C. krusei 7,5%, C. glabrata 2,5%, C. guilliermondia 2,5%.

Simpulan : Pasien HIV/AIDS yang menderita kandidiasis orofaringeal sebagian besar mempunyai CD4 <50 sel/µl, didapatkan koloni kandida pada kultur mikrobiologi dengan 55% diantaranya jenis non C. albicans.

Kata kunci : Kandidiasis orofaringeal, HIV/AIDS
Pengaruh Pemberian Monosodium Glutamat peroral terhadap Degenerasi Neuron Piramidal CA1 Hipokampus pada Tikus Wistar
Authors: Simon Halomoan , Muhartomo Hexanto , Pudjonarko Dwi
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Monosodium glutamat (MSG) adalah garam sodium dari asam amino asam glutamat digunakan luas di masyarakat sebagai penyedap rasa. Pemakaian MSG dalam dosis tepat relatif aman. Penggunaan MSG dalam dosis tinggi dan berlangsung lama menyebabkan gangguan neuroendokrin dan degenerasi neuron, sehingga muncul pertanyaan seberapa jauh MSG peroral berpengaruh terhadap degenerasi neuron piramidal di regio CA1 hipokampus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuktikan pengaruh pemberian MSG peroral terhadap degenerasi neuron piramidal di regio CA1 hipokampus pada tikus Wistar.

Metode: Penelitian eksperimental laboratorik dengan 30 tikus Wistar jantan usia 8 minggu, berat 200 gram dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok (1 kelompok kontrol, 4 kelompok perlakuan) diberikan MSG secara oral dosis 5 mg/grBB/hr dan 10 mg/grBB/hr selama 4 minggu. Setelah 2 minggu dan 4 minggu perlakuan dilakukan pemeriksaan patologi anatomi di jaringan hipokampus dan rerata jumlah sel piramidal yang berdegenerasi pada CA1 hipokampus dianalisa dengan Uji ANOVA dilanjutkan Post Hoc, Kruskal Wallis Test dilanjutkan Mann-Whitney Test, uji Paired T-Test dan Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Analisa data menggunakan program SPSS versi 17.0.

Hasil: Ada perbedaan bermakna pada rerata jumlah neuron piramidal yang berdegenerasi di regio CA1 hipokampus antara kelompok penelitian setelah 2 minggu dan 4 minggu perlakuan (p=0,0001).

Simpulan: Pemberian MSG per oral dosis 5 mg/grBB/hr dan

10 mg/grBB/hr selama 2 minggu dan 4 minggu terbukti berpengaruh terhadap rerata jumlah neuron piramidal yang berdegenerasi di region CA1 hipokampus tikus Wistar.

Kata kunci: Monosodium glutamat, degenerasi neuron piramidal CA1 hipokampus.
Faktor Risiko Hiperbilirubinemia pada Neonatus
Authors: Putri Rizky , Mexitalia Maria , Rini Arsita , Sulistyowati Endang
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Hiperbilirubinemia merupakan salah satu fenomena klinis yang paling sering ditemukan pada bayi baru lahir yang dapat terjadi secara fisiologis maupun patologis. Penyebab hiperbilirubinemia adalah multifaktorial yaitu faktor ibu, bayi atau lingkungan lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan beberapa faktor seperti pemberian ASI, ketuban pecah dini, infeksi pada ibu dan air ketuban keruh sebagai risiko hiperbilirubinemia pada neonatus aterm yang vigorous(bugar)
Faktor Risiko yang Mempengaruhi Hasil Emisi Otoacustic Refer atau Gagal pada Neonatus
Authors: Irawan Gatot , Muyassaroh Muyassaroh , Nidiawati Tety
Published: September 2019

Latar Belakang : Skrining pendengaran neonatal sangat penting. Bayi lahir risiko tinggi lebih sering mengalami refer atau gagal pada pemeriksaaan skrining pendengaran dibanding bayi lahir tanpa risiko. Banyak faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi hasil skrining pendengaran ini terutama pada bayi yang lahir risiko tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi hasil Emisi Otoakustik (EOA) gagal atau refer bila emisi atau respon terhadap stimulasi akustik tidak ada/berkurang pada naonatus.Metode : Dilakukan penelitian retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medik neonatus yang dirawat ruang Perawatan Bayi Risiko Tinggi (PBRT) RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang selama periode 1 Januari â€“ 31 Desember 2013. EOA dilakukan satu hari sebelum neonatus pulang dari Rumah Sakit. Faktor risiko yang dianalisis antara lain jenis kelamin, prematuritas (usia kehamilan <37 minggu), bayi berat lahir rendah (<2500 gram), asfiksia, bayi baru lahir secara bedah sesar, hiperbilirubinemia. Analisis dengan uji regresi multivariat.Hasil : Didapatkan 857 sampel. Hasil yang menyatakan refer pada pemeriksaan EOA 249 (29%), pass 608 (71%). Neonatus laki-laki secara signifikan merupakan faktor risiko mengalami refer (OR 1,49; 95% CI 1,11-2,02, p=0,008), usia kehamilan <37 minggu (OR 4,72; 95% CI 2,75-8,09, p=0,000), berat lahir < 2500 gram (OR 5,88; 95% CI 3,98-8,69, p=0,000). Sedangkan neonatal asfiksia (OR 1,57; 95% CI 0,93-2,70, p=0,10), neonatal yang lahir secara bedah sesar (OR 1,45; 95% CI 0,65-3,22, p=0,35), neonatal hiperbilirubinemia (OR 0,95; 95% CI 0,54-1,68, p=0,86), neonatal sepsis (OR 4,91; 95% CI 0,44-54,45, p=0,20) tidak merupakan faktor risiko mengalami refer pada pemeriksaan EOA.Simpulan : Jenis kelamin laki-laki, berat lahir rendah dan prematuritas merupakan faktor risiko terhadap terjadinya refer pada Skrining EOA
Hubungan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Partisipasi Pemilik Anjing Terhadap Pencegahan Penyakit Rabies di Dusun Dauh Pangkung Jangu, Desa Pohsanten, Mendoyo, Jembrana
Authors: Sinta Paramita Gusti Ayu Putu , Wijaya I Putu Artha
Published: September 2019

Salah satu penyakit yang dapat menyebabkan kematian adalah virus. Virus yang harus kita waspadai

adalah rabies. Beberapa hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rabies merupakan penyakit yang sangat berbahaya  yang  di  akibatkan  oleh  partisipasi  masyarakat  yang  kurang.  Kasus  rabies  mendapat peringkat nasional tertinggi dari tahun 2009-2013 adalah Provinsi Bali. Kasus rabies meningkat pada tahun 2010-2011 di beberapa Kabupaten di Bali, Kabupaten tertinggi adalah Jembrana sebanyak 52%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah   untuk mengetahui Hubungan Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Partisipasi Pemilik Anjing Terhadap Pencegahan Penyakit Rabies Di Dusun Dauh Pangkung Jangu, Desa Pohsanten, Mendoyo, Jembrana. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dan rancangan yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional teknik sampling jenis non probability sampling yaitu dengan   purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 174 orang. Data analisis menggunakan uji statistik Mann Whitney untuk variabel umur, Chi Square untuk variabel pendapatan dan Rank Spearman untuk variabel pendidikan, pengetahuan dan sikap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel umur didapatkan hasil analisis p value = 0,001, varibel pendidikan p value = 0,003, variabel pendapatan p value = 0,029, variabel pengetahuan p value

= 0,004 dan variabel sikap p value = 0,006 yang artinya bahwa p value < 0,05, sehingga dapat disimpulkan  bahwa  hipotesa  dalam  penelitian  ini  diterima,  dimana  secara  statistik  berarti  ada hubungan yang signifikan antara umur, pendidikan, pendapatan, pengetahuan dan sikap dengan partisipasi pemilik anjing terhadap pencegahan penyakit rabies di Dusun Dauh Pangkung Jangu, Desa Pohsanten, Mendoyo, Jembrana.
Kunjungan Ibu dengan Status Gizi Balita di Desa Ketapang Raya Lombok Timur
Authors: Muklis Muklis , Wasliah Indah , Utami Kusniyati
Published: September 2019

Masa balita periode dua tahun pertama kehidupan merupakan periode emas (golden age) sekaligus kritis bagi seorang balita karena mengalami tugas pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang sangat pesat. Gangguan gizi di masa tersebut dapat bersifat permanen dan tidak dapat pulih kembali walaupun kebutuhan gizi di masa selanjutnya terpenuhi. Masalah gizi kurang pada balita dibedakan menjadi dua, faktor langsung dan faktor tidak langsung. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis Hubungan Antara Kunjungan Ibu Peserta Posyandu Terhadap Status Gizi Balita di Desa Ketapang Raya, Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Metode penelitian bersifat deskriptif analitik, studi korelasional ini menggunakan pendekatan crosssectional. Jumlah populasi 110 dengan besar sampel 86 orang tua dan balita. Teknik sampling adalah non probability sampling dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil uji statistic dengan tingkat kemaknaan α = 0,05 didapatkan hasil p – value 0,838, didapatkan p>α sehingga disimpulkan tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara kunjungan ibu ke posyandu dengan status gizi balita. Kesimpulan, tidak ada hubungan antara kunjungan ibu ke posyandu dengan status gizi balita dengan tingkat korelasi p=0,022 atau lebih besar dari tingkat kesalahan 0,05. Ibu diharapkan lebih memahami dan mengerti tujuan dan manfaat posyandu sehingga ibu aktif dan rajin mengunjungi posyandu demi kesehatan bayi dan balita mereka.
Perbedaan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Ibu Hamil antara Preeklampsia Ringan dan Preeklampsia Berat
Authors: Astuti Wuri Widi , Suparni Ita Eko
Published: September 2019

Preeklampsia merupakan gangguan kesehatan yang terjadi khusus pada kehamilan yang dapat memengaruhi kesejahteraan ibu dan janin. Preeklampsia dapat berkembang menjadi kondisi yang mengancam jiwa dengan hemolisis umum, peningkatan enzim hati, jumlah trombosit yang rendah, dan peningkatan kadar hemoglobin (Hb) bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar hemoglobin pada ibu hamil dengan preeklampsia ringan dan preeklampsia berat di RSUD Kabupaten Kediri. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik sampling yang digunakan yaitu simple random sampling. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil dengan pre eklampsia di RSUD Kabupaten Kediri periode Januari-Agustus 2018 sebanyak 30 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan September menggunakan data rekam medis. Analisa data menggunakan uji independent t-test didapatkan rata-rata kadar hemoglobin pada ibu dengan preeklampsia ringan adalah 12,600 g/dL, sedangkan preeklampsia berat mencapai 13,188 g/dL dengan p>0,05 (0,102). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar hemoglobin pada ibu hamil dengan preeklampsia ringan dan preeklampsia berat. Penting bagi bidan dan tenaga kesehatan untuk selalu melakukan pemantauan secara rutin terhadap kadar hemoglobin ibu hamil.
Envelope Convection, Surface Magnetism, and Spots in A and Late B-type Stars
Authors: Cantiello Matteo , Braithwaite Jonathan
Published: September 2019

Weak magnetic fields have recently been detected in a number of A-type stars, including Vega and Sirius. At the same time, space photometry observations of A and late B-type stars from Kepler and TESS have highlighted the existence of rotational modulation of surface features akin to stellar spots. Here we explore the possibility that surface magnetic spots might be caused by the presence of small envelope convective layers at or just below the stellar surface, caused by recombination of H and He. Using 1D stellar evolution calculations and assuming an equipartition dynamo, we make simple estimates of field strength at the photosphere. For most models, the largest effects are caused by a convective layer driven by second helium ionization. While it is difficult to predict the geometry of the magnetic field, we conclude that the majority of intermediate-mass stars should have dynamo-generated magnetic fields of order a few Gauss at the surface. These magnetic fields can appear at the surface as bright spots and cause photometric variability via rotational modulation, which could also be widespread in A-stars. The amplitude of surface magnetic fields and their associated photometric variability are expected to decrease with increasing stellar mass and surface temperature, so that magnetic spots and their observational effects should be much harder to detect in late B-type stars.
New Spatially Resolved Imaging of the SR 21 Transition Disk and Constraints on the Small-grain Disk Geometry
Authors: Sallum S. , Skemer A. J. , Eisner J. A. , van der Marel N. , Sheehan P. D. , Close L. M. , Ireland M. J. , Males J. M. , Morzinski K. M. , Bailey V. P. , Briguglio R. , Puglisi A.
Published: September 2019

We present new 0.6–4 μm imaging of the SR 21 transition disk from Keck/NIRC2 and Magellan/MagAO. The protoplanetary disk around SR 21 has a large (∼30–40 au) clearing first inferred from its spectral energy distribution and later detected in submillimeter imaging. Both the gas and small dust grains are known to have a different morphology, with an inner truncation in CO at ∼7 au, and micron-sized dust detected within the millimeter clearing. Previous near-infrared imaging could not distinguish between an inner dust disk with a truncation at ∼7 au or one that extended to the sublimation radius. The imaging data presented here require an inner dust disk radius of a few au, and complex structure such as a warp or spiral. We present a parametric warped disk model that can reproduce the observations. Reconciling the images with the spectral energy distribution gathered from the literature suggests grain growth to ≳2–5 μm within the submillimeter clearing. The complex disk structure and possible grain growth can be connected to dynamical shaping by a giant-planet-mass companion, a scenario supported by previous observational and theoretical studies.
A new species of Petrolisthes (Crustacea, Anomura, Porcellanidae) inhabiting vermetid formations (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Vermetidae) in the southern Caribbean Sea
Authors: Hiller Alexandra , Werding Bernd
Published: September 2019

Petrolisthes virgiliussp. nov. from the Caribbean Sea of Colombia is described. The new species resembles P. tonsorius morphologically but differs from it principally by its color and habitat. Petrolisthes tonsorius is brown or blueish brown and occurs under intertidal boulders strongly exposed to water movement. Petrolisthes virgiliussp. nov. is pale brown to beige and lives exclusively in intertidal areas dominated by vermetid snails, exposed to heavy wave action. The entangled tubular shells of vermetids are cemented to each other and to a hard substrate like beach rock, forming a microhabitat for the new crab species and other porcellanids of the genera Neopisosoma and Clastotoechus. Large genetic distances between DNA sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rDNA gene from P. virgiliussp. nov. and P. tonsorius confirmed that they comprise different species. Petrolisthes virgiliussp. nov. is the 53rd member of the West Atlantic porcellanid fauna.
Conflicting Views About Conflict Resolution
Authors: Hardenbrook Lisa M.
Published: September 2019

CONFLICTING VIEWS ABOUT CONFLICT RESOLUTION (with reply)

To the Editor:

I am writing to comment on the article, “Conflict Resolution Styles: A Comparison of Assisted Living and Nursing Home Facilities” by Jeff A. Small, PhD, and Julian Montoro-Rodriguez, PhD in the January 2006 issue of the Journal of Gerontological Nursing (Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 39-45). I applaud the authors’ investigation of conflict resolution styles by staff and residents in both nursing homes and assisted living facilities. The article states, “The staff in each facility included Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs), Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) and Activity Directors” (p. 42). Staffing regulations vary by state, although in the majority of states, including Georgia where the research was conducted, assisted living facilities employ unlicensed personal caregivers, not CNAs.
Wavefront Optimized Versus Custom-Q Treatments in Surface Ablation for Myopic Astigmatism With the WaveLight ALLEGRETTO Laser
Authors: Stojanovic Aleksandar , Wang Ling , Jankov Mirko R. , Nitter Tore A. , Wang Qinmei
Published: September 2019

Purpose

To compare treatments with wavefront optimized and custom-Q ablations.

Methods

Two consecutive groups of eyes were treated for myopia and astigmatism with surface ablation. One group was treated with wavefront optimized ablation and the second group was treated with custom-Q ablation. Preoperative and 3-month postoperative Q-values, higher order aberrations, low contrast visual acuity, and classic outcome parameters were analyzed.

Results

The wavefront optimized ablation group was comprised of 46 eyes of 23 patients with a mean spherical equivalent refraction (SE) of −3.64 diopters (D) (range: −1.15 to −8.25 D); mean Q-value changed from −0.33 preoperatively to 0.06 postoperatively. The custom-Q ablation group was comprised of 42 eyes of 21 patients with a mean SE of −3.24 D (range: −1.47 to −8.00 D); mean Q-value changed from −0.36 preoperatively to −0.03 postoperatively. A statistically significant difference in postoperative change in Q-values (
P
=.049) between the two groups was noted, but there was no such difference in higher order aberrations, low contrast visual acuity, or classic outcome parameters.

Conclusions

Custom-Q ablation resulted in a mean postoperative asphericity that was closer to preoperative compared to wavefront optimized ablation, whereas the other outcome parameters showed no statistically significant differences. [
J Refract Surg.
2008;24:779–789.]
Effectiveness of m-Learning Applications for Design and Technology Subject
Authors: A. Shah , Suhailiezana Suhailiezana , Che Kob Che Ghani , M Khairudin
Published: September 2019

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching aids using M-Learning application for Design and Technology Subjects. A total of 30 students Design and Technology subjects Form 1 of Kubang Kerian High School, Kelantan have answered the questionnaire. This questionnaire consists of five constructs namely Information design, Interaction design, showcase design and Training design (Sketch).This app was developed using ADDIE model. The overall findings of the research showed that the students were difficult to understand the topic of Pictorial Sketch was 2.45 at moderate level. After the study was conducted with the application of EZ Pictorial, the overall study findings rose at a high level of 4.64. This app enhances the level of understanding of the students and provides students with a fun learning situation.It is believed that this app will encourage student to learn difficult subject thus increase the performance of student achievement.
ISTE Standards for Students, Digital Learners, and Online Learning
Authors: Fuller Mila Thomas
Published: September 2019

As perceptions toward online learning shift, more educators/students are embracing and enrolling in degree programs that are offered online. As a result, colleges and universities are increasingly introducing online learning as a valued approach to delivering education to learners (Parker, Lenhart, & Moore, 2011). This paper will outline the Performance Indicators of the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) Standards for Students (ISTE, 2016). It will discuss the characteristics of digital learners and examples of strategies that educators can use to meet these performance goals. Experts in the field, recognize that there are still underlying concerns about online learning in relation to what constitutes the design, delivery, and assessment of effective and meaningful content that utilizes current and emerging technologies (Magda, 2018). Moreover, while there is an understanding amongst researchers and practitioners that online learning is more than just creating a digital version of a paper syllabus, more research is needed to move from theory to practice and to further explore effective learning with digital tools.