bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysing Dutch Science Cafés to better understand the science-society relationship
Authors: Dijkstra Anne
Published: August 2018

Science cafés offer a place for information and discussion for all who are interested in science and its broader implications for society. In this paper, science cafés are explored as a means of informal science dialogue in order to gain more understanding of the science-society relationship. Perspectives of visitors, organisers and moderators of science cafés were analysed. Findings show that science cafés stimulate discussion and engagement via informal learning processes. Visitors come to broaden their knowledge in an informal ambiance. Organisers and moderators hope to enhance understanding of science and confidence of people to participate in debates.
Spotlighting shared goals for science education and communication
Authors: Fogg-Rogers Laura
Published: August 2018

van den Sanden and Vries curate reflections and insights about the shared goals, practices and processes which bring together academics and practitioners in science education and communication. The book spotlights areas of productive overlap but is just the beginning for meaningful collaboration.
The shift from public science communication to public relations. The Vaxxed case
Authors: Bennato Davide
Published: August 2018

Social media is restructuring the dynamics of science communication processes inside and outside the scientific world. As concerns science communication addressed to the general public, we are witnessing the advent of communication practices that are more similar to public relations than to the traditional processes of the Public Understanding of Science. By analysing the digital communication strategies implemented for the anti-vaccination documentary Vaxxed, the paper illustrates these new communication dynamics, that are both social and computational.
Old media and new opportunities for a computational social science on PCST
Authors: Neresini Federico
Published: August 2018

Although with some reluctance, social sciences now seem to have accepted the challenge deriving from the growing digitisation of communication and the consequent flow of data on the web. There are actually various empirical studies that use the digital traces left by the myriads of interactions that occur through social media and e-commerce platforms, and this trend also concerns the research in the PCST field. However, the opportunity offered by the digitisation of traditional mass media communication — the newspapers in particular — is much less exploited. Building on the experience of the TIPS project, this paper discusses the advantages and the limits of computational social science on PCST using newspapers as the main source of data. Some methodological issues are also addressed, in order to suggest a more aware use of such data and the several computational tools available for analysing them.
Computer-aided text analysis: an open-aired laboratory for social sciences
Authors: Castelfranchi Yuri
Published: August 2018

Thanks, on the one hand, to the extraordinary availability of colossal textual archives and, on the other hand, to advances in computational possibilities, today the social scientist has at their disposal an extraordinary laboratory, made of millions of interacting subjects and billions of texts. An unprecedented, yet challenging, opportunity for science. How to test, corroborate models? How to control, interpret and validate Big Data? What is the role of theory in the universe of patterns and statistical correlations? In this article, we will show some general characteristics of the use of computational tools for the analysis of texts, and some applications in the areas of public communication of S&T and Science and Technology Studies (STS), also showing some of their limitations and pitfalls.
Making citizen science newsworthy in the era of big data
Authors: Allan Stuart , Redden Joanna
Published: August 2018

This article examines certain guiding tenets of science journalism in the era of big data by focusing on its engagement with citizen science. Having placed citizen science in historical context, it highlights early interventions intended to help establish the basis for an alternative epistemological ethos recognising the scientist as citizen and the citizen as scientist. Next, the article assesses further implications for science journalism by examining the challenges posed by big data in the realm of citizen science. Pertinent issues include potential risks associated with data quality, access dynamics, the difficulty investigating algorithms, and concerns about certain constraints impacting on transparency and accountability.
Addressing the impact of the media on the gender gap in science: 2nd Commemoration of the International Day of Women and Girls in Science conference review
Authors: Neenan Emer Emily , O'Neill Áine
Published: August 2018

This is a conference review of the 2nd Commemoration of the International Day of Women and Girls in Science, which had the theme Gender, Science and Sustainable Development: The Impact of Media. It was held in United Nations Headquarters, New York City, U.S.A., and a parallel event was held simultaneously in Valetta, Malta. There were 45 listed speakers from 24 countries, with a gender ratio of 2:1 in favour of women. The contribution of the media to socio-cultural barriers facing girls and women in STEM was well-illustrated. However, few actionable solutions were proposed.
The emergence of modern science communication in Australia
Authors: Gascoigne Toss , Metcalfe Jennifer
Published: August 2018

Modern science communication has emerged over the last 60 years as a field of study, a body of practice and a profession. This period has seen the birth of interactive science centres, the first university courses to teach the theory and practice of science communication, the first university departments conducting research into science communication, and a sharp growth in employment of science communicators by research institutions, universities, museums, science centres and industry. This chapter charts the emergence of modern science communication in Australia, against an international background.
Beyond propaganda: science coverage in Soviet Estonian media
Authors: Olesk Arko
Published: August 2018

Previous studies have concluded that science coverage in Soviet countries was determined by the ideological function of the media. This paper analyses the science coverage in Soviet Estonian publications Rahva Hääl and Horisont in 1960/1967 and 1980 and demonstrates that the popularization of science existed as an independent function of articles. This suggests that the parallel developments in science communication on both sides of the Iron Curtain deserve further study.
La Ciencia Recreativa and the popularisation of science in Mexico in the 19th century
Authors: Fróes da Fonseca Maria Rachel
Published: August 2018

In the last decades of the 19th century education played a major role in Mexican society, when efforts were being made to restructure it based on the objective teaching of sciences, which was regarded as the driving force behind the change needed in various sectors such as industry and public health. In this context, the so-called science disseminators aimed to communicate their knowledge to the general public, mainly to the working classes and the children. Journalism grew and reached a wide range of themes and audiences. They believed in the idea of a science for all and that sciences were an instrument to know the new nations and educate the population. It is worth mentioning La ciencia recreativa, a publication dedicated to children and working classes. Between 1871 and 1879 it was edited by the topographical engineer and surveyor José Joaquín Arriaga (1831–1896), who aimed to generalise the scientific knowledge of cosmography, mineralogy, meteorology, physics, botany, zoology, descriptive geography and industrial agriculture.
Toward a history of explanation in science communication: the case of Madame Wu experiment on parity violation
Authors: Bertozzi Eugenio
Published: August 2018

By focusing on a specific episode of 20th Century physics — the discovery of parity violation in 1957 — the paper presents a study of the types of explanations of the crucial experiment as they are found in different editorial categories: a peer-review journal, a popular science book, an encyclopedia and a newspaper articles. The study provides a fine-grained description of the mechanism of the explanation as elaborated in non-specialist accounts of the experiment and identifies original, key-explanatory elements which characterize them. In so doing, the paper presents a reflection on the processes of transformation and adaptation implied by the circulation of knowledge — which features as a productive process in its own right — and shows which further insights a focus on explanation can offer to the current historical researches on science communication.
Are audiences receptive to humour in popular science articles? An exploratory study using articles on environmental issues
Authors: Pinto Bruno , Riesch Hauke
Published: August 2018

This study aims to test the perceptions of audiences to positive and non-aggressive humour in two popular articles. The themes were the effects of climate change on biodiversity and the over-exploitation of species. Both articles were published on-line at a Portuguese environmental site, and readers were asked to answer to an on-line survey. A total of 159 participants submitted their answers concerning their receptiveness to the humour, demographic information and comments. Results showed that the use of humour in popular articles is considered valuable for the majority of these readers, but different degrees of receptiveness suggest caution in its use.
Deflection, disassociation, & acknowledgement: a content analysis of the 2011–2014 media framing of hydraulic fracturing and Oklahoma earthquakes
Authors: Mason Alicia , Hooey Catherine , Triplett James , Pogue Joey
Published: August 2018

In June of 2014, geologists reported that, for the first time, more earthquakes greater than magnitude 3.0 occurred in Oklahoma than in California [Terry-Cobo, 2014]. In Oklahoma, the frequency of earthquakes that are strong enough to be felt has increased 44 times in recent years and this has been correlated to a dramatic increase in high-volume, horizontal hydraulic fracturing (HVHHF) operations [Hume, 2014]. The aims of this study are: (1) to determine how hydraulic fracturing, commonly called fracking, and Oklahoma earthquakes are framed by print-based media at the local, national, and international levels; (2) to understand how the association between these factors has evolved over time; and (3) to further analyze the differences between experts on the subjects of causality and threat characterization (e.g., severity). A total of 169 print news reports were included for analysis: 48 local/Oklahoma reports (28% of total sample), 72 national reports (42% of total sample) and 49 international news reports (30% of total sample). The findings reveal significant differences in the frame techniques, sources of information, and the foci of subject matter between three different media scales in print based media. Results, discussion and implications are provided.
Robots, AI, and the question of ‘e-persons’ ― a panel at the 2017 Science in Public conference, 10–12 July 2017
Authors: Szollosy Michael
Published: August 2018

In response to EU draft legislation on robots and artificial intelligence ― which included the headline-grabbing proposals to introduce rights for ‘e-persons’ and necessitating that robots come equipped with a ‘kill switch’ ― a diverse group of experts and academics gathered in Sheffield as part of the Science in Public 2017 conference. Panellists and the audience discussed the origins and implications of the ideas behind the EU initiative, and more specifically, whether robots or artificial intelligence qualifies for right as ‘persons’, and how the EU proposal imagines robots and artificial intelligence in particular, historically-contingent ways that influence or distort our present discussions and attempts to legislate on the future use and development of technology.
Science fiction and science futures: considering the role of fictions in public engagement and science communication work
Authors: Reinsborough Michael
Published: August 2018

The imagination of possible scientific futures has a colourful history of interaction with scientific research agendas and public expectations. The 2017 annual UK Science in Public conference included a panel discussing this. Emphasizing fiction as a method for engaging with and mapping the influence of possible futures, this panel discussed the role of science fiction historically, the role of science fiction in public attitudes to artificial intelligence, and its potential as a method for engagement between scientific researchers and publics. Science communication for creating mutually responsive dialogue between research communities and publics about setting scientific research agendas should consider the role of fictions in understanding how futures are imagined by all parties.
The influence of temperature on #ClimateChange and #GlobalWarming discourses on Twitter
Authors: Yeo Sara K. , Handlos Zachary , Karambelas Alexandra , Su Leona Yi-Fan , Rose Kathleen M. , Brossard Dominique , Griffin Kyle
Published: August 2018

Research suggests non-experts associate different content with the terms “global warming” and “climate change.” We test this claim with Twitter content using supervised learning software to categorize tweets by topic and explore differences between content using “global warming” and “climate change” between 1 January 2012 and 31 March 2014. Twitter data were combined with temperature records to observe the extent to which temperature was associated with Twitter discussions. We then used two case studies to examine the relationship between extreme temperature events and Twitter content. Our findings underscore the importance of considering climate change communication on social media.
Capturing the many faces of an exploded star: communicating complex and evolving astronomical data
Authors: Smith Lisa , Arcand Kimberly , Smith Randall , Bookbinder Jay , Smith Jeffrey
Published: August 2018

This study explored how different presentations of an object in deep space affect understanding, engagement, and aesthetic appreciation. A total of n = 2,502 respondents to an online survey were randomly assigned to one of 11 versions of Cassiopeia A, comprising 6 images and 5 videos ranging from 3s to approximately 1min. Participants responded to intial items regarding what the image looked like, the aesthetic appeal of the image, perceptions of understanding, and how much the participant wanted to learn more. After the image was identified, participants indicated the extent to which the label increased understanding and how well the image represented the object. A final item asked for questions about the image for an atronomer. Results suggest that alternative types of images can and should be used, provided they are accompanied by explanations. Qualitative data indicated that explanations should include information about colors used, size, scale, and location of the object. The results are discussed in terms of science communication to the public in the face of increasing use of technology.
Science communication practices at the National Autonomous University of Mexico
Authors: Nepote Ana Claudia , Reynoso-Haynes Elaine
Published: August 2018

The National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) is one of the world's single largest employers of science communicators, with over 350,000 students and 40,000 staff. Its science communication activities include five museums (Universum, Museo de la Luz, the Geology Museum, Museo de la Medicina Mexicana and Musem of Geophysics), botanical gardens, as well as a wide range of cultural and outreach activities. It has several programmes for training professional science communicators. The science communication staff are spread across the campuses in Mexico City and four other cities, including writers, explainers, researchers, evaluators, who produce exhibitions, magazines, books, theatre, screenings and science cafés. This activity is diverse and sometimes operates to different agendas.
Considering what works: experiments in science communication
Authors: Weitkamp Emma
Published: August 2018

This issue of JCOM explores the question ‘what works in science communication?’ from a variety of angles, as well as focusing on the politically sensitive topic of climate change. In addition, the issue contains a set of commentaries that explore the sometimes conflicting roles of universities in science communication.
RedPop 2017, a meeting point of cultures and innovations
Authors: Almeida Carla
Published: August 2018

Marked by the diversity of initiatives linking science and art and by new presentation formats, the 15th Congress of the Network for Popularisation of Science and Technology in Latin America and the Caribbean (RedPOP) saw heated debates on science, culture, politics and society. Between 21st and 25th August, it brought together in Buenos Aires (Argentina) about 400 participants from 14 countries in order to share new visions, initiatives and research work in science communication. During the event, which included a vast cultural programme, a series of challenges were raised for the future development of the field.
Creative Research Communication — Theory and Practice
Authors: Massarani Luisa
Published: August 2018

This article aims to present a critical analysis of the book entitled “Creative Research Communication ― Theory and Practice”, written by Clare Wilkinson and Emma Weitkamp (Manchester University Press, 2016). We aim to present the structure of the book, highlighting its strengths and successes. Although some chapters focus on the UK, the book offers a wide range of examples of practical activities for the communication of research of global interest and provides very useful tips. Ethical issues and the importance of evaluation, of how to do carry out such evaluation and dissemination, are also presented in an inspiring way. Well-written and objective, the book is a must-read for anyone who works, or aspires to work, in the field of public engagement with research.
Avaliação da Gestão de Custos Interorganizacionais em Função de seus Fatores Condicionantes: um Estudo em uma Empresa de Serviços Arquitetônicos
Authors: Horn Bernardo , Bonfatti Talitha Roberta , Raupp Fabiano Maury
Published: August 2018

O artigo apresenta os resultados do estudo que teve por objetivo identificar as circunstâncias que favorecem ou inibem a prática da gestão de custos interorganizacionais em uma empresa que desenvolve projetos arquitetônicos. A pesquisa é descritiva e qualitativa, realizada por meio de um estudo de caso. Para a coleta de dados, realizou-se uma entrevista semiestruturada com o sócio-fundador da empresa e atual sócio-diretor, cujo roteiro baseou-se no estudo de Campos et al. (2016). Em relação aos aspectos gerais para a GCi, foram identificadas circunstâncias favoráveis à sua adoção, especialmente se considerar as empresas parceiras que desenvolvem projetos que, junto com os projetos arquitetônicos, visam atender à demanda dos clientes. Em relação aos fatores condicionantes, a pesquisa revelou que a margem de lucratividade dos projetos encontra-se próximo do esperado, não sendo possível identificar a variável funcionalidades. Também verificou-se que as transações com fornecedores são mínimas, embora importantes (possíveis características do setor de serviços). As variáveis de relacionamento analisadas a partir da entrevista semiestruturada indicaram possibilidades para a empresa trabalhar a GCi com seus parceiros de negócio, especialmente com as empresas que desenvolvem os projetos complementares aos de arquitetura. Entre as características citadas na literatura, puderam ser identificadas a existência de relacionamentos fortes, principalmente estabilidade de relações, cooperação e confiança entre as partes.
Relação do Desempenho Acadêmico com Características Observáveis e Experiências Estudantis de Discentes de Ciências Contábeis
Authors: Meurer Alison Martins , Pedersini Daiana Rafaela , Antonelli Ricardo Adriano , Lopes Iago França , Musial Nayane Thais Krespi
Published: August 2018

Este estudo verifica a relação do desempenho acadêmico com as características observáveis e experiências estudantis dos alunos de Contabilidade de uma instituição de ensino superior pública no Sul do Brasil. A coleta de dados deu-se a partir de fonte primária, instrumentalizada por meio questionário, e secundária, com informações solicitadas junto à coordenação do curso. Destarte, para a análise dos dados foi utilizada a técnica de regressão múltipla. Os resultados indicaram que dos 14 preditores explicativos incluídos no modelo, quatro apresentaram relação significante com o desempenho acadêmico. As quatro variáveis com relação significativa foram:  reprovação em disciplina, horas de estudos extraclasse, o fato da disciplina preferida pertencer ao grupo de matérias específicas da Contabilidade e nota obtida no ENEM. Conclui-se que as características observáveis dos alunos da instituição de ensino superior e as experiências estudantis possuem capacidade para influenciar o desempenho dos alunos da amostra. Tais resultados implicam no aperfeiçoamento e no planejamento das práticas de ensino. Por fim, esta investigação contribui com as pesquisas realizadas na área temática e fornece introspecções à realização de estudos futuros.
Avaliação do Sistema de Informação dos Programas de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
Authors: Machado Antonio Marcos , Jacobsen Alessandra De Linhares , Rissi Mauricio
Published: August 2018

Este artigo tem por objetivo avaliar o sistema Controle Acadêmico de Pós-Graduação (CAPG) utilizado pelos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como aplicada, descritiva, bibliográfica e documental, com abordagem quantitativa. A pesquisa documental possibilitou a descrição das principais funcionalidades do CAPG. Um questionário on-line foi aplicado aos usuários do CAPG o qual abordou 5 dimensões de análise. Os resultados ressaltam que as dimensões conteúdo, formato e facilidade de uso apresentam concordância em relação aos questionamentos, entretanto, necessitam de alterações de modo a torná-las mais adequadas ao usuário. As dimensões produtividade e qualidade da informação precisam de modificações substanciais face às discordâncias apuradas. Constatou-se ainda a necessidade de treinamento aos usuários e o aprimoramento da funcionalidade destinada à emissão de relatórios.
Mineração de dados das fichas da Avaliação Quadrienal da Capes dos Programas da área Interdisciplinar: Engenharia, Tecnologia e Gestão
Authors: Gualhano Mariana Abreu , Salles Sérgio Augusto Faria , Da Hora Henrique Rego Monteiro
Published: August 2018

A avaliação de um programa de pós-graduação é realizada através de etapas, que são destinadas a averiguação de critérios específicos. Esse artigo tem como objetivo utilizar técnicas de mineração de dados para extrair conhecimento da avaliação quadrienal 2013-2016 e identificar os principais critérios na avaliação dos programas. Para isso, foram coletados dados de avaliações do SUCUPIRA e realizado o tratamento dessas informações, utilizando o software Weka e o método de classificação J48. Buscou-se diagnosticar três desfechos: nota final, evolução da nota e situação do programa. De acordo com as árvores geradas pelo método proposto, foi possível identificar que o critério Produção Intelectual obteve maior preeminência dentre os itens avaliados. Os resultados foram considerados satisfatórios, pois permitiram realizar a classificação dos programas quanto ao desempenho nos itens de avaliação da CAPES, e a identificação dos critérios de avaliação com maior impacto nos desfechos analisados.
Pressupostos Epistemológicos da Complexidade: Reflexões Sobre a Avaliação da Aprendizagem
Authors: De Pinho Maria José , Castro Vidal Rita de Cássia , Leite da Silva Bruno
Published: August 2018

Esse trabalho trata-se de um estudo inicial acerca da avaliação da aprendizagem escolar envolta num contexto de transformações e mudanças que emergem no seio de uma transição de paradigmas. Urge superar a visão mecânica e reducionista tanto da vida quanto das práticas pedagógicas oriundas do paradigma conservador que, pautado na lógica clássica do terceiro excluído, contribuiu para a fragmentação do conhecimento, da vida e das relações sociais. Para tanto, propõe-se uma mudança ativa de postura diante da vida, da educação e da avaliação, baseada na intenção de restabelecer a solidariedade de modo a nos religar uns aos outros e à natureza, que nos desperte a responsabilidade por nossa terra-pátria, posto que somos parte de um grande todo interligado e, ao enxergarmos o ser humano em sua multiplicidade, preocupando-nos em promover o diálogo e a compreensão, pode-se proceder rumo a uma civilização consolidada na ética e não na barbárie.
Outcome of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Horseshoe Kidneys
Authors: Dongol Udaya Man Singh , Bohora Sandeep
Published: August 2018

Introduction: The horseshoe kidney is extremely rare, the incidence being one in every 400 - 800 patients. In a recent review of more than 15000 radiographic imaging studies, the incidence was one in every 666 patients. The renal stone formation in horseshoe kidney is around 20-80%. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is the most accepted modality of treatment . This study was carried out to find the outcome of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in horseshoe kidneys.

Methods: Between May 2013 and November 2017, 11 adult patients(12 renal units) with stones in horseshoe kidneys underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the department of urosurgery, Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital and were evaluated for the operating time, stone free rate , complications and hospital stay. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social sciences (SPSS) Version 20. Categorical data were analysed by using Fisher exact test.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 30.9 years (SD = 10.3) and the mean stone burden was 385.83 mm2 (SD = 331.3). The overall stone free rate was 83.33%. The two patients with residual stones when counselled for Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, refused for it and decided to be on follow up. No auxiliary procedure was done. The complications noted were of Clavien-Dindo grade I and II. No pleural or bowel injury was seen. One patient needed blood transfusion.

Conclusions: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is safe and effective in the management of stones in horseshoe kidneys. It does not carry increased risk than reported in normal kidneys.
Podocyte-Specific Loss of Krüppel-Like Factor 6 Increases Mitochondrial Injury in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Horne Sylvia J. , Vasquez Jessica M. , Guo Yiqing , Ly Victoria , Piret Sian E. , Leonardo Alexandra R. , Ling Jason , Revelo Monica P. , Bogenhagen Daniel , Yang Vincent W. , He John C. , Mallipattu Sandeep K.
Published: August 2018

Mitochondrial injury is uniformly observed in several murine models as well as in individuals with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Although emerging evidence has highlighted the role of key transcriptional regulators in mitochondrial biogenesis, little is known about the regulation of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase assembly in the podocyte under diabetic conditions. We recently reported a critical role of the zinc finger Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) in maintaining mitochondrial function and preventing apoptosis in a proteinuric murine model. In this study, we report that podocyte-specific knockdown of Klf6 increased the susceptibility to streptozotocin-induced DKD in the resistant C57BL/6 mouse strain. We observed that the loss of KLF6 in podocytes reduced the expression of synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase 2 with resultant increased mitochondrial injury, leading to activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway under diabetic conditions. Conversely, mitochondrial injury and apoptosis were significantly attenuated with overexpression of KLF6 in cultured human podocytes under hyperglycemic conditions. Finally, we observed a significant reduction in glomerular and podocyte-specific expression of KLF6 in human kidney biopsies with progression of DKD. Collectively, these data suggest that podocyte-specific KLF6 is critical to preventing mitochondrial injury and apoptosis under diabetic conditions.
Parental mental health and risk of poor mental health and death by suicide in offspring
Authors: Maguire Aideen , Tseliou Foteini , O'Reilly Dermot
Published: August 2018

BackgroundSuicide is a major public health concern. Identifying those most at risk is vital for effective targeting of interventions. Mental health (MH) has a genetic component and parental MH is associated with child’s MH. However, little is known onthe effect of parental MH on a child’s risk of death by suicide.

MethodsData from 2011 Northern Ireland Census was linked to 5 years’ death records (2011-2015) to construct multi-level regression models to determine if children living with parents with poor self-rated MH are at an increased risk of poor MH themselves and an increased risk of death by suicide.

Results618,970 individuals live with their parents; with almost 1 in 7 (13.7%) living with parents with poor MH and 225 (0.1%) dying by suicide during follow-up. Interim results suggest after full adjustment, children with 2 parents with poor MH were5 times more likely to have poor MH themselves (OR=5.30, 95% CI 4.62,6.09), and children with 1 parent with poor MH were 67% more likely to die by suicide compared to children of parents with good MH (OR=1.67, 95%CI 1.19, 2.33).

ConclusionsParental MH is associated with child suicide risk even after adjustment for their own MH status.
Permanently Progressing? Building Secure Futures for Children in Scotland: Linking two national datasets about looked after children in Scotland to enhance understanding of pathways to permanence
Authors: Hooper Jade , Cusworth Linda , Whincup Helen
Published: August 2018

BackgroundPermanently Progressing? is the first cohort study in Scotland aimed at understanding the factors associated with achieving settled and secure permanent homes for children. One part of this study involves analysing the national Children Looked After Statistics (CLAS) collected by the Scottish Government, to follow a group of children who became ‘looked after’ or ‘looked after and accommodated’ aged five or under. However, important decisions about these children are made at Children’s Hearings and the information about these decisions is stored in a database collated by the Scottish Children’s Reporters Administration (SCRA).

ObjectivesAs these two datasets have never before been linked, the researchers aim to test the feasibility and success of this linkage. In addition, analysis of the linked dataset will allow both a description of the pathways of children who became looked after in 2012-13, and a comparison of the pathways for children who have achieved permanence at the end of year 4 to those who are on a pathway to permanence, and those still accommodated with no evident permanence plan.

MethodsIn this project, the anonymised CLAS data obtained from the Scottish Government are being brought together with anonymised data held by SCRA, using probabilistic linkage methodologies.

FindingsThe linkage and analysis of this data is currently underway and will be discussed during this presentation.

ConclusionsIf successful, this linkage will serve as a pilot study for future research, help inform policy and practice, and enable the researchers to gain a more in-depth picture of a child’s journey through the system and the factors associated with children achieving permanence. The success of this linkage and challenges encountered will be discussed.
New Technologies in Training Programming PLC
Authors: Novozhilov B. M.
Published: August 2018

It is noted that the effective application of programmable logic controllers in automated control systems in launching complexes is closely linked to the training of specialists, capable to carry out the development of application software. In connection with complexity of debugging of the developed programs on real process equipment an analysis of the possible variants of simulation of control processes is performed and effectiveness of virtualization of control objects on computers is noted. The developed applications of Real Games-company to create virtual control objects using 3D-graphics for training to usage of programmable logic controllers in industrial control systems are considered. The perspectives for the application software of Real Games-company in the training of specialists for automation systems of technological equipment in launching complexes are evaluated.
A Mathematical "Screw-Nut" Connection Model for the Universal Software to Analyse Dynamical Systems
Authors: Martynyuk V. A. , Trudonoshin V. A. , Fedoruk V. G.
Published: August 2018

The article deals with a mathematical model of the "screw-nut" connection adapted for using in universal software systems to analyse dynamic characteristics. This article is sequel to a number of earlier authors-written articles devoted to object simulation of 3D mechanics. Such a model available in the library of mathematical models of the modelling system will significantly extend the list of simulated mechanisms. The mathematical model of "screw-nut" connection suggests such a connection between absolutely rigid bodies. The "screw-nut" connection parameters are the following:

thread pitch by the radian of the angle of pitch;

coordinates of the point on the axis of the screw in the local coordinate system of the body 1;

direction cosines of the screw axis in the local coordinate system of the body 1.

Note that the connection parameters have constant values. Two drawbacks of this model should be noted.

1. Some expressions of the mathematical model involve dividing by direction cosine  of the screw axis thereby eliminating "division by zero" when the axis of the screw is perpendicular to the x-axis of the global coordinate system. The software-based way allows eliminating this shortcoming.

2. The model does not include coordinates of mass centres of bodies tied by connection. This can lead to a significant "mismatch" in the position of the bodies in modelling of multi- periodic transient processes. However, adding an elastic model to the mathematical model can eliminate this drawback.

The article demonstrates the "screw-nut" connection model to simulate a jack using the PA8 system and comparing its results with those obtained with help of the NX10 complex. Gives, in addition, the results of influence in terms of dry friction in the "screw-nut" connection. Taking into consideration the dry friction allows us to reflect the effect of "self-stopping" in the jack.
Choosing a 3D Printer with Parallel Kinematics for Independent Student Work
Authors: Samoylov V. B.
Published: August 2018

Currently, there are a lot of offers of 3D printers on the market, which are used for educational purposes, but in the independent work of students (CDS) it is important not only the availability of bulk printing technologies, but also the visibility of these processes and the ability to directly influence them when working independently .

The main criteria for choosing such devices are cost, openness of software and hardware, the possibility of modernization and repair, ease of maintenance and the minimum price of consumables, provided there is a sufficient level of reliable and accurate operation. The article analyzes seventeen models of 3D printers with parallel kinematics that meet the specified requirements, taking into account the technical specifications declared by the manufacturers. The design decisions of both individual units and devices as a whole are considered, the estimation of technological properties for use in the educational process is given, the methodology and actual recommendations for selecting a 3D printer are proposed.
The Choice Gas Turbine Engine Parameters Used to Drive the Oil Pump
Authors: Brycheva A. Yu. , Molyakov V. D.
Published: August 2018

The article considers capabilities of the gas turbine engine to be used as a drive of the crude oil pump. It is noted that the gas turbine drive proves to be more advantageous than the electric motor when there is no external power supply or building periods of power transmission lines are significantly long, as well as quantities of oil products pumped are often changed.

The main objective of this work is to select the optimum engine cycle parameters for a particular pump model, which oil pumping stations use. As an object of research, a crude oil pump of the НМ 10000 / 1.25-210 brand was chosen. The paper presents technical characteristics of the HM 10000 / 1.25-210 centrifugal pump and experimental values of head, power, and efficiency of the pump for a number of feeds. To obtain the pressure and power characteristics of a centrifugal pump for different rotational speeds of the rotor the similarity formulas are used.

As the centrifugal pump drive, the paper considers a two-shaft plant with the free power turbine. This scheme was chosen in accordance with the features of the gas turbine pump unit at the oil pumping station. It is noted that the free power turbine scheme allows us to bring into accordance the characteristics of a gas turbine engine and an oil pump in abnormal modes, since there is no mechanical connection between high and low pressure turbines.

The paper presents the calculated parameters of the gas turbine engine cycle with power Ne = 8 MW. The graphs show dependence of the airflow rate GB, the specific fuel consumption Ce and the efficiency ηe on the degree of pressure increase πk in the compressor. In accordance with the graphs, the optimum value of the degree of pressure increase πk = 15 in the compressor  is adopted. With πk = 15, the specific fuel consumption in the gas turbine engine with power Ne = 8 MW is equal to Ce = 0,22 kg/kW*h and the airflow rate is GB = 20,5kg/s. The efficiency of the engine with the selected parameters is ηe = 38,4%.

It is noted that in order to ensure the most economical gas turbine engine operation, it is necessary to select the optimal control program, which is determined taking into account the load characteristics, in this case the characteristics of the pump.
Diode Circuit-based Glass Plasma-Chemical Etching Capabilities
Authors: Bugorkov K. N. , Saghatelyan H. R.
Published: August 2018

The paper discusses technological capabilities to improve a plasma-chemical etching (PCE) rate of the silicate glasses through a chromium mask in the equipment with a planar inductor located outside, which forms a high-frequency diode system. Suggests a case when the inductor in the form of a planar spiral antenna is above the work-piece.

The PCE process stages were analytically studied and the limiting effects of each step that affect the etching rate and the quality of the treated surface were determined. The paper shows that for the type of equipment under consideration the stage of removing etch products from the work-piece is a quality-limiting factor for the PCE-exposed surface while the limiting factor for the etching rate is the stage of formation of chemically active particles (CAP) in plasma.

The comparison of analytical results with the experimental data shows that in the considered case plasma of low density and high pressure is formed. The experimentation was aimed at studying the impact of the surface position under treatment and the working pressure in the chamber on the etching rate and the peculiarities of the etched surface formation. As a treated material, the blanks of the photomasks for integrated circuits made from Cr-covered silicate glass were considered.  The electron beam lithography method was used to create a mask for the PCE process.

It was experimentally found that when a treating surface of the work-piece in plasma is “downward” the etching depth is by 5-10% more than   the etching depth of the “upward” surface. Another finding was that with raising gas flow the etching depth was twice increased as well.

Optical-microscopic examinations of the etched surfaces of work-pieces have shown that there are areas with green or brown coating. Supposedly, this is due to the effect of the reverse deposition of the mask material as in the form of CrF3, CrF4 compounds that reinforce the need to look for a replacement of the chrome mask.

The etching rates of 45-90 nm/min are obtained for the silicate glass, which is close in composition to the optical glass of K8 grade. This allows using the PCE in the equipment with a planar inductor located outside the chamber and realizing a high-frequency diode circuit to produce diffraction and hologram optical elements with a depth of the surface relief up to 400-500 nm.
Multiple-criteria Decision-making Support Based on the Multi-Indicator Evaluation of the Pareto-Approximation Quality
Authors: Groshev S. V. , Karpenko A. P.
Published: August 2018

The paper considers a problem, which is defined as multi-indicator finding the "best" algorithm to solve a multiple-criteria optimization (MCO) problem. Of a large number of known algorithms for solving the MCO, we deal with the algorithms based on the preliminary construction of its Pareto front (set) approximation and called P-algorithms.

Because of a large number of P-algorithms, a problem of choosing the "best" algorithm for the given MCO problem (and / or this class of these problems) arises, i.e. a meta-optimization problem. We pose the problem of structural meta-optimization of P-algorithms, which suggests a simultaneous P-approximation construction and optimization of this approximation according to one or several P-indicators.

The paper presents basic MCO-problem formulation and describes used P-approximation quality indicators. Considers several methods to choose the "best" P-algorithm such as a method based on using one or another method to visualize multi-indicator estimates of P-approximation quality, a method based on the scalar convolution of P-approximation quality indicators, chosen by a decision-maker (DM), and an author's automated method that supposes a preliminary approximation of the function of preference. Provides mathematical description, considers advantages and disadvantages, as well as shows the ways to overcome these shortcomings.

The main research result involves a development of the original PREF-I method to solve the MCO problem based on identification of so-called DM’s function of preference. This method may be thought as evolution of the PREF method aimed at solving the initial MCO problem.
Performance Evaluation of the Vehicle Vibration Safety in the Frequency Domain
Authors: Zheglov L. F. , Fominykh A. B.
Published: August 2018

The article deals with mathematical modelling of the nonlinear system of vehicle vibration isolation. It is known that this problem can be solved both in the frequency and in the time domains. To assess the adequacy of the results obtained, a computation algorithm for evaluated performances in the frequency domain is considered at the first stage of the study. In this case, a statistical linearization procedure is used through the example of a spatial dynamic model equivalent to the primary and secondary vibration isolation systems of a two-axle vehicle (a dynamical system with seventeen degrees of freedom). A matrix method for determining the frequency characteristics of a given dynamical system is used, and the adaptation features of four known methods of statistical linearization are shown. The article focuses attention on advantages of the system frequency representation when testing it and determining the main parameters. In order to generalize the conclusions when comparing the calculation results in the frequency and time domains, computations were performed for two variations of the intensity of the disturbing action. Such a "hard-line" approach enables us to determine the impact of the nonlinear characteristics of the vibration isolation system components on the output integral and separate-frequency performance estimates, taking into account a vehicle's safety criterion.

The simulation results of this system show different values of the integral and separate-frequency estimates for all four methods of statistical linearization, regardless of the intensity of disturbing action and the loss probability of contact between the tire and the wearing surface from 5% to 30%. The calculation data obtained allow comparing with the mathematical modelling results of the given dynamical system in the time domain and defining position according to recommendation of the statistical linearization method.
The Outgoing and Incoming Network Packets Intercepting Method
Authors: Filippov M. V. , Ryazanova N. Yu. , Ryazantsev B. I.
Published: August 2018

In connexion with the rapidly growing computer network information capacities, information security of local networks connected with global networks becomes a critical challenge. One of the information security aspects is to control and filter the network traffic by intercepting the incoming and outgoing network packets. This is accomplished owing to firewalls. The Linux kernel 2.4.x included the Netfilter firewall and the iptables utility, which allow us to analyse only the packets headers and their pertaining to specific network connections. In addition, the practice of rewriting the Linux kernel codes complicates the maintenance of the software targeting for this firewall.

The article proposes a network packet intercepting method based directly on the structures and functions of the kernel, so it has no restrictions associated with the inherent Netfilter/iptables functionality. To provide intercepting, are used the struct net_device structure of the kernel that describes a network device and the struct net_device_ops structure that lists operations possible on the network device and two functions: ndo_start_xmit and rx_handler used to process outgoing and incoming packets, respectively. These functions are rewritten in order to include new functionality into the kernel to meet the users’ requests. The use of the structures and functions of the kernel provides desirable stability, versatility, and adaptive capability of the developed software for users’ requests such as content analysis of data transmitted in packets, their encryption and decryption. The proposed method can be used to create firewalls of the next-generation to implement technology of deep packet inspection, as well as a complement to the available firewalls.