bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategies to Inhibit Hepatitis B Virus at the Transcript Level
Authors: Qu Bingqian , Brown Richard J. P.
Published: July 2021

Approximately 240 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), despite four decades of effective HBV vaccination. During chronic infection, HBV forms two distinct templates responsible for viral transcription: (1) episomal covalently closed circular (ccc)DNA and (2) host genome-integrated viral templates. Multiple ubiquitous and liver-specific transcription factors are recruited onto these templates and modulate viral gene transcription. This review details the latest developments in antivirals that inhibit HBV gene transcription or destabilize viral transcripts. Notably, nuclear receptor agonists exhibit potent inhibition of viral gene transcription from cccDNA. Small molecule inhibitors repress HBV X protein-mediated transcription from cccDNA, while small interfering RNAs and single-stranded oligonucleotides result in transcript degradation from both cccDNA and integrated templates. These antivirals mediate their effects by reducing viral transcripts abundance, some leading to a loss of surface antigen expression, and they can potentially be added to the arsenal of drugs with demonstrable anti-HBV activity. Thus, these candidates deserve special attention for future repurposing or further development as anti-HBV therapeutics.
Intranasal Administration of RBD Nanoparticles Confers Induction of Mucosal and Systemic Immunity against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Jearanaiwitayakul Tuksin , Seesen Mathurin , Chawengkirttikul Runglawan , Limthongkul Jitra , Apichirapokey Suttikarn , Sapsutthipas Sompong , Phumiamorn Supaporn , Sunintaboon Panya , Ubol Sukathida
Published: July 2021

Mucosal immunity plays a significant role in host defense against viruses in the respiratory tract. Because the upper respiratory airway is a primary site of SARS-CoV-2 entry, immunization at the mucosa via the intranasal route could potentially lead to induction of local sterilizing immunity that protects against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, we evaluated the immunogenicity of a receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein loaded into N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (RBD-TMC NPs). We showed that intranasal delivery of RBD-TMC NPs into mice induced robust local mucosal immunity, as evidenced by the presence of IgG and IgA responses in BALs and the lungs of immunized mice. Furthermore, mice intranasally administered with this platform of immunogens developed robust systemic antibody responses including serum IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, IgA and neutralizing antibodies. In addition, these immunized mice had significantly higher levels of activated splenic CD4+ and CD8+ cells compared with those that were administered with soluble RBD immunogen. Collectively, these findings shed light on an alternative route of vaccination that mimics the natural route of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This route of administration stimulated not only local mucosal responses but also the systemic compartment of the immune system.
Seasonal and Age-Associated Pathogen Distribution in Newborn Calves with Diarrhea Admitted to ICU
Authors: Berber Engin , Çanakoğlu Nurettin , Sözdutmaz İbrahim , Simsek Emrah , Sursal Neslihan , Ekinci Gencay , Kökkaya Serkan , Arıkan Ebru , Ambarcıoğlu Pınar , Göksu Ayşe , Keleş İhsan
Published: July 2021

Calf mortality constitutes a substantial loss for agriculture economy-based countries and is also a significant herd problem in developed countries. However, the occurrence and frequency of responsible gastro-intestinal (GI) pathogens in severe newborn diarrhea is still not well known. We aimed to determine the seasonal and age-associated pathogen distribution of severe diarrhea in newborn calves admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Erciyes University animal hospital over a year. Fecal samples were collected during the ICU admissions, and specimens were subjected to a diarrheal pathogen screening panel that included bovine coronavirus (BCoV), Cryptosporidium spp., ETEC K99+, and bovine rotavirus, using RT-PCR and conventional PCR methods. Further isolation experiments were performed with permissive cell cultures and bacterial enrichment methods to identify the clinical importance of infectious pathogen shedding in the ICU. Among the hospitalized calves aged less than 45 days old, the majority of calves originated from small farms (85.9%). The pathogen that most frequently occurred was Cryptosporidium spp. (61.5%) followed by rotavirus (56.4%). The frequency of animal admission to ICU and GI pathogen identification was higher during the winter season (44.9%) when compared to other seasons. Most calves included in the study were 1–6 days old (44.9%). Lastly, co-infection with rotavirus and Cryptosporidium spp. occurred more frequently than other dual or multi-infection events. This study was the first to define severe diarrhea—causing GI pathogens from ICU admitted newborn calves in Turkey.
Accommodative Response in Patients with Central Field Loss: A Matched Case-Control Study
Authors: Alsaqr Ali Mazyed , AlShareef Hisham , Alhajri Faisal , Abusharha Ali , Fagehi Raied , Alharbi Ahmad , Alanazi Saud
Published: July 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the accommodative response in young participants with visual impairment in comparison with visually normal participants. Methods: Fifteen participants with confirmed visual impairment and 30 visually normal participants aged 12–15 years were recruited. Accommodative response was measured using autorefractor (Grand Seiko WV500) at distances of accommodative demand of 33, 25, and 20 cm. The targets were one-line-above participant threshold acuity. The participants’ accommodative responses were compared between both groups after calibration for refractive errors and the vertex distance of the glasses. Visual acuity and refractive status were also assessed. Results: The age was not significantly different between both participant groups. The visual acuity of visually impaired patients was 6/30 to 6/240, and that of visually normal participants was 6/7.5 or better. Ten of the visually impaired patients and 29 of visually normal participants were myopic. In total, 61–73% of visually impaired patients showed an accommodative lead. Five subtypes of accommodative response were observed. In general, the accommodative inaccuracy increased with increasing accommodative demand. However, the visually normal participants largely exhibited an accommodative lag. A mild-to-moderate relationship was observed between visual acuity and accommodative response (r = 0.3–0.5, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Accommodative response in young visually impaired patients can be variable and on an individual basis. Low vision specialists should anticipate accommodative response outside the normal range. Therefore, we shall consider evaluating each patient’s accommodative response before prescribing any near addition lenses. Accommodation inaccuracy is often more complex than predicted due to increased depth of focus caused by reduced visual acuity.
Origin of Drusy Dolomite Cement in Permo-Triassic Dolostones, Northern United Arab Emirates
Authors: Mansurbeg Howri , Alsuwaidi Mohammad , Dong Shijun , Shahrokhi Salahadin , Morad Sadoon
Published: July 2021

While the characteristics and origin of drusy calcite cement in carbonate deposits is well constrained in the literature, little attention is paid to drusy dolomite cement. Petrographic observations, stable isotopes, and fluid-inclusion microthermometry suggest that drusy dolomite cement in Permo-Triassic conglomerate/breccia dolostone beds in northern United Arab Emirates has precipitated as cement and not by dolomitization of drusy calcite cement. The low δ18OVPDB (−9.4‰ to −6.2‰) and high homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in drusy dolomite (Th = 73–233 °C) suggest that dolomitization was caused by hot basinal brines (salinity = 23.4 wt% NaCl eq.). The δ13CVPDB values (+0.18‰ to +1.6‰) and 87Sr/86Sr ratio (0.708106 to 0.708147) indicate that carbon and strontium were derived from the host marine Permo-Triassic carbonates. Following this dolomitization event, blocky calcite (Th = 148 °C; salinity = 20.8 wt% NaCl eq.) precipitated from the hot basinal brines. Unravelling the origin of drusy dolomite cement has important implications for accurate construction of paragenetic sequences in carbonate rocks and decipher the origin and chemistry of diagenetic waters in sedimentary basins.
Leakage Management and Pipe System Efficiency. Its Influence in the Improvement of the Efficiency Indexes
Authors: Ávila Carlos Andrés Macías , Sánchez-Romero Francisco-Javier , López-Jiménez P. Amparo , Pérez-Sánchez Modesto
Published: July 2021

Water is one of the most valuable resources for humans. Worldwide, leakage levels in water distribution systems oscillate between 10% and 55%. This causes the need for constant repairs, economic losses, and risk to the health of users due to possible pathogenic intrusion. There are different methods for estimating the level of leakage in a network, depending on parameters such as service pressure, orifice size, age and pipe material. Sixty-two water distribution networks were analyzed to determine the leakage method used, the calibration method, and the percentage of existing leaks. Different efficiency indicators were proposed and evaluated using this database. Several cases of installation of pumps working as turbines (PATs) in water distribution networks were analyzed in which the use of these recovery systems caused a pressure drop, reducing the level of leaks and recovering energy.
Dependence of Long-Term Dynamics of Zooplankton in the Ob River on Interannual Changes in Hydrological and Hydrochemical Parameters
Authors: Yermolaeva Nadezhda , Dvurechenskaya Serafima , Kirillov Vladimir , Puzanov Aleksandr
Published: July 2021

Here we summarize a long-term study on qualitative and quantitative composition of zooplankton (Cladocera, Copepoda, Rotifera) in the Ob River. We carried out these investigations at 13 sampling stations of the Middle and Low Ob in the years 1994, 1996, 1999, 2001, 2002 and 2009. It was found that the species richness of all zooplankton and abundance of cladocerans and rotifers is significantly determined by the temperature conditions of the month preceding sampling. In contrast, among other factors, we revealed that pH decreases as well as phosphate and nitrate concentrations increase zooplankton abundance. Dissolved oxygen and oxidizable organic substances (BOD5) were positively correlated to copepod population levels (according to abundance and biomass); on the other hand, an increase in difficult-to-oxidize substances (COD) inhibited their development. During this study, we found that high water levels had a positive influence on zooplankton richness in river itself probably due to being downstream from Ob River floodplain lakes.
Enhancing the Power Quality of the Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic-Electric Vehicle System
Authors: Irfan Md Mujahid , S. Rangarajan Shriram , Collins E. Randolph , Senjyu Tomonobu
Published: July 2021

Grid interactive solar photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems are the emerging technologies nowadays, mainly due to energy cost reduction and minimization of emission levels. Various research surveys have presented the effect of grid integration of PVs and EVs in an isolated way. However, it is worth accepting that with the continuous emergence of PVs and EVs, the power grid is experiencing the combined effect of PV–EV integration. The distribution system network of EVs impacts the power quality of the grid. In this paper, shunt active power filter is modelled using neuro-fuzzy control technique for the mitigation of harmonics using MATLAB. The improvement in the system performance is analyzed and compared with the traditional compensation techniques.
Methodological approaches to determining the consumer motivation of children regarding nutrition in educational institutions
Authors: Konovalenko Anastasiia
Published: July 2021

The article considers approaches to the analysis of consumer motivation as a factor that affects on the model of consumer behavior. General scientific methods of cognition and special methods were used: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, grouping, a survey method for collecting primary data, methods of statistical analysis of the results obtained, a graphical method for visualizing the data obtained, a matrix method for assessing the source and reference point of motivation. The proposed methodological approach to the definition of consumer motivation as an internal factor of consumer behavior is described, which involves the determination of the importance of individual factors of motivation based on the respondents' indication of their priority; characteristics of these motives, taking into account the source of occurrence (external stimulus / internal motives) and the orientation of motivation (fears / striving for achievement); grouping of motivation factors by belonging to the source of motivation and its reference point in the form of the «Source-reference point of motivation» matrix, which provides for the determination of the total value of the frequency of mention; building the consumer's motivational field on the basis of the «Source-benchmark of motivation» matrix, which characterizes the key vector of consumer motivation and serves as a guide for business entities to develop a strategy for marketing activities in the market segment. Based on the proposed approach, an analysis of the motivation of school-age children in the market of food products and services was carried out on the results of the survey. Changes in the child’s motivation in the process of growing up have been proven. These results indicate that children weigh their desire to enjoy food with other values, often not understanding what they can oppose to their own desire to enjoy food. The priority vector of children psychological motivation direction is a reference to internal fears and their own desire for achievement. Based on the results of the research of children consumer behavior in the market of food and food services in educational institutions, a methodology for determining the key characteristics of consumer motivation in the consumer goods market by assessing the source and reference point of motivation and building a motivational field was substantiated.  It is advisable to use the proposed methodological approach to characterize the motivation of individual segments of consumers in the consumer goods market in order to further planing the marketing activities of business entities.
Features of the development of public-private partnership forms in the tourism industry in Ukraine
Authors: Martynova Natalia , Nazarenko Olga
Published: July 2021

The article substantiates the feasibility of an innovative educational environment forming as a form of public-private partnership for the tourism industry development in Ukraine on the principles of social partnership. Domestic and foreign experience of specialized higher educational institutions cooperation with the labor market in the tourism sphere is summarized. The main provisions regarding the concept of «social partnership» in education, including, in the professional training of future specialists in the tourism sphere, are formulated. The main problems in the strategic development of social partnership in tourism education in Ukraine and the ways to overcome them, taking into account the advanced world experience, are determined. It is proved that the state plays a decisive role in creating an effective system of social partnership in the tourism sphere and tourism education. This role will be to develop and implement a strategic concept for the social partnership development and support the specific programs of cooperation between its subjects. It is substantiated that one of the directions of development of social partnership at the level of higher educational institutions in the training of personnel for the tourism industry of Ukraine can be creation of an innovative educational environment integrated into the future professional sphere. The main provisions of theoretical developments and practical experience in the formation and functioning of the educational and production team as a necessary condition for effective cooperation between representatives of education and business in training personnel for the tourism industry are given. Essential conditions for the development of partnership programs with a professional environment are proposed, based on the experience of training specialists for the tourism industry on the basis of the Tourism and Hotel and Restaurant Business Department of Odessa National Economic University.
Prevalência de não adesão à medicação anti-hipertensiva em uma amostra do município de Juiz de Fora – MG
Authors: Chehuen Neto José Antônio , Erothildes Ferreira Renato , Barbosa Ázar André Luis , Oliveira Duarte João Henrique , De Paula Souza João Pedro , De Almeida Lucas Alves
Published: July 2021

Introdução: A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS), no Brasil, é prevalente em 23,9% dos indivíduos de 18 anos ou mais. Estudos internacionais apontam que a adesão é prevalente em aproximadamente 50% dos pacientes portadores de HAS, enquanto no Brasil as taxas de adesão variam entre 23% e 62,1%.  O grande prejuízo para os pacientes e os extensos gastos em saúde pública com o tratamento de suas complicações tornam o tema de suma importância. Objetivos: Determinar as principais causas da não adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso à HAS. Material e Métodos: Estudo descritivo, transversal, de caráter quantitativo, realizado com 396 portadores de HAS, selecionados nos serviços de atenção primária à saúde (APS) e no serviço para hipertensos na cidade de Juiz de Fora: Serviço de Controle de Hipertensão, Diabetes e Obesidade (SCHDO). Os dados foram coletados entre outubro de 2018 e janeiro de 2019, utilizando o teste de Morisky-Green (TMG) e perguntas adicionadas pelos pesquisadores para complementação à interpretação dos resultados. Resultados: Observou-se que 279 (70,5%) dos entrevistados não são aderentes ao tratamento e grande parte deles já foi alguma vez descuidado com o horário de tomar o fármaco (51%). Na análise multivariada, observou-se que a raça é significativa para influenciar a adesão à medicação (OR=1,683; IC 1,072-2,643; p=0,024); o percentual de indivíduos não aderentes brancos, pardos e pretos é de respectivamente 40,5%, 29,4 e 30,1%; 29,5% dos entrevistados referem ser corretos no tratamento. Conclusão: As principais causas modificáveis que resultam na baixa adesão estão relacionadas ao esquecimento e ao descuido. A ausência de adesão não se relaciona com preço do medicamento.
Disfunção cognitiva em doença renal crônica pré-dialítica: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Pires Leopoldo Antônio , Bumgratz de Paula Rogério , Guedes Andrade Ezequiel Danielle , Fernandes Natalia Maria da Silva
Published: July 2021

Introdução. No Brasil, a população com mais de 65 anos pode chegar a 25,5%, em 2060. Com o envelhecimento populacional ocorre um aumento da prevalência das doenças degenerativas, dentre as quais o comprometimento cognitivo (CC). Impacto semelhante é observado na doença renal crônica (DRC). Existem fatores fisiopatológicos comuns entre a DRC e o CC. Dentre pacientes com DRC, até 38% apresentam CC. Em relação à fisiopatologia das alterações cognitivas na DRC, os achados são controversos. Objetivo. Avaliar os estudos relacionados à disfunção cognitiva na população com DRC pré-dialítica. Método. Utilizamos as estratégias PRISMA. Selecionamos os unitermos “renal insufficiency, chronic” and “cognitive disfunction”, realizamos a revisão sistemática e não meta-análise dada a disparidade dos estudos. Utilizamos as bases de dados disponíveis de forma gratuita: PubMed, Scielo. A seleção dos artigos foi realizada por dois pesquisadores. Critérios de inclusão: apresentar resumo em língua portuguesa, inglesa, espanhola ou francesa; incluir pacientes em pré-diálise; utilizar avaliações clínicas e/ou laboratoriais e/ou de imagens. Resultados. Encontramos 116 artigos e avaliamos 51. Conclusão. O CC é frequente na DRC e a etiologia permanece em discussão. A maioria dos estudos é derivada de dados secundários de grandes coortes ou estudos transversais. Os instrumentos clínicos mais utilizados são o MEEM e o MoCA e de neuroimagem, a ressonância magnética. Poucos estudos avaliam a inflamação e as toxinas urêmicas. Os mecanismos do CC na DRC são diversos, nem sempre correlacionados, existindo uma grande lacuna no melhor entendimento da associação fisiopatológica destas duas importantes morbidades.
À propos de thṅe en vieux khmer et de ses équivalents en khmer moderne Quand les dialectes confirment les inscriptions
Authors: Antelme Michel
Published: July 2021

Des mots en vieux khmer résistent à l’interprétation quand on les croit disparus en moderne, même si recourir à d’autres langues a permis de retrouver le sens de plusieurs d’entre eux. Si, d’après certains auteurs, le khmer connaît une uniformité assez remarquable au sein du Cambodge moderne grâce à un continuum linguistique certain, il apparaît, néanmoins, utile de reconnaître l’existence de différences dialectales à l’intérieur du Cambodge actuel comme sur ses marges. Tel est le cas de thṅe. Si son sens — à savoir une nuance sombre — a été connu assez tôt par les khmérologues grâce à deux inscriptions écrites en sanskrit et en khmer et si l’on a pensé qu’il aurait pu subsister sous forme de vestige dans des noms de plantes, il a été trop vite déclaré disparu en khmer moderne, car il semble toujours présent sous les formes traṅae, dans des parlers du Nord-Ouest, et sraṅae, dans des parlers de l’Est et du Sud-Est. Se baser sur le seul parler de Phnom Penh pour analyser le khmer ancien peut donc être réducteur. Ainsi, une étude dialectologique de toute l’aire khmérophone est nécessaire pour une meilleure compréhension de l’épigraphie en vieux khmer.
Spécificités du catholicisme vietnamien
Authors: Henry Alain
Published: July 2021

À l’occasion de la publication d’un ouvrage sociologique sur les catholiques vietnamiens, l’article montre comment celui-ci donne à voir la double image de la ferveur de ces croyants et leurs spécificités vietnamiennes. Les témoignages présentés montrent en particulier la vigueur singulière qu’y a le culte des ancêtres — par-delà deux siècles d’interdiction par Rome — signalant ainsi la marque d’une spécificité culturelle. Le culte de piété filiale donne notamment un relief particulier à la pratique des rites, à l’expression des sentiments, et au devoir moral. Le sentiment religieux semble reposer ici sur cette voie qui unit les rituels, les sentiments et les règles. Ce faisant, le culte des ancêtres dessine en filigrane une logique séculière du salut, qui mêle sa marque au message chrétien. L’harmonie de la voie désigne la figure d’un salut séculier, s’opposant à une figure de l’inhumain. L’analyse présentée met en lumière la façon dont le message de l’Église et une culture singulière peuvent concrètement s’influencer. Le premier agit à la manière d’un révélateur : il fait apparaître la trace d’une empreinte culturelle vietnamienne.
La stèle inscrite K. 1320. Note sur une nouvelle découverte archéologique à Vat Phu
Authors: Hawixbrock Christine
Published: July 2021

Une nouvelle stèle inscrite vient d’être mise au jour il y a quelques mois dans le temple khmer de Vat Phu (Sud Laos) par l’Archaeological Survey of India. Datée du

début du Xe siècle, l’inscription sanskrite (K. 1320) est en cours de traduction sous la direction de Claude Jacques (EPHE) et Dominic Goodall (EFEO). Cette note présente

le contexte archéologique exceptionnel dans lequel elle a été découverte — dont

l’étude nous a été confiée par les autorités lao compétentes — et les hypothèses que

l’on peut en déduire.
Silom et Pradiphat. Deux rues pour (commencer à) déchiffrer la formation et les transformations de Bangkok
Authors: Baffie Jean
Published: July 2021

Streets are a rather new phenomenon in Thai culture and their appearance and development in Bangkok took place rather gradually at first in parallel with the decline of canals, which used to be the standard means of transport. This paper focuses on the genesis of two rather dissimilar streets, Silom and Pradiphat and the specific dynamics behind their respective development. Located south of Chinatown, Silom was first inhabited by Westerners and their protégés, then by Thai noblemen and princes, before becoming a new residential neighbourhood for rich Chinese, particularly those who made their fortune in the provinces. Now a street of banks, Silom is sometimes called ‘ the Wall Street of Bangkok’. Conversely, the development of Pradiphat — located much further north — is linked to the growing power and wealth of the military after the 1932 coup and the strong presence of the Railway Authority in this part of Bangkok. But the popularity of Pradiphat really started in the 1960s with the strong presence of US servicemen during the Vietnam War. The two streets differ greatly : The first is one of the oldest and most opulent streets in the city, while the other is basically a working-class street with some of the largest slums in Bangkok. However, common points should not be disregarded, such as the high number of brothels, the lack of tourist places, and the significant scarcity of religious — particularly Buddhist — places. In short, Silom bears the hallmark of colonialism, absolute monarchy, and Thai-Chinese business while Pradiphat is more a product of the democratic movement and the post-1932 empowerment of the military.
La littérature des « avantages » (ānisans) dans les bibliothèques monastiques du Cambodge
Authors: Bernon Olivier de
Published: July 2021

In Cambodia, Laos and Thailand, ‘ benefit’ (ānisaṅs) texts represent one of the most prolific religious literary genres and constitutes a major part of the texts kept in monastery libraries. Dating back to the sixteenth century, this genre is still alive and keeps producing new texts which tell much about the present sociological framework within which local Buddhist practice takes place. The study of these texts allows us to comprehend such everyday practices in their ritual, organisational and material dimensions, while also throwing light on some ideological aspects of Buddhism in Southeast Asia.
Les rituels accompagnant les prédications dans le bouddhisme traditionnel des Khmers
Authors: Sopheap Kun
Published: July 2021

In Khmer Buddhism, listening to the Dhamma is considered the ultimate merit making activity. This paper describes the different predication rituals that can be arranged, their general organization, the specific patterns and various steps that they follow, and the different kinds of texts that are read in the predication.
Marionnettes i-pok et marionnettes kabong. Création et tradition dans l’art des marionnettes au Laos
Authors: Jacob de Lavenère Véronique
Published: July 2021

Depuis la fin des années 1990, on assiste à un certain renouveau de l’art des marionnettes au Laos. D’une part, à Luang Prabang, deux troupes travaillent à la résurgence de l’art traditionnel local des marionnettes i-pok. La troupe de Vat Xieng Thong, sous l’égide du maître Ouane Phothiphanya puis du maître Houm Phian, tente de réaffirmer telle quelle la tradition dont elle se considère comme le dépositaire. La troupe No Phao, animée par Chao Somsanith Nithakhong, quant à elle, tente à la fois de transmettre le savoir-faire lié à ces marionnettes et de sensibiliser à cet art un nouveau public. D’autre part, à Vientiane, la troupe de Leuth Many cherche à acclimater un nouveau style de marionnettes, relevant de ce qu’il est convenu d’appeler en Occident le théâtre d’objets. Dans le présent article, nous essayons de cerner ce qui fait la spécificité de ces différentes approches, la manière dont elles s’inscrivent dans les traditions locales et régionales et, le cas échéant, la manière dont elles s’en démarquent.
Interwrapping Distinct Metal-Organic Frameworks in Dual-MOFs for the Creation of Unique Composite Catalysts
Authors: Ling Jia-Long , Chen Kai , Wu Chuan-De
Published: July 2021

Incorporating metal nanoparticles (MNPs) inside metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) demonstrates superior catalytic properties in numerous reactions; however, the size and distribution of MNPs could not be well controlled, resulting in low product selectivity in catalysis by undergoing different catalytic reaction pathways. We report herein a facile strategy for integrating lattice-mismatched MOFs together to fabricate homogeneously distributed “dual-MOFs,” which are the ideal precursors for the preparation of MNPs@MOFs with unique catalytic properties. As a proof of concept, we successfully synthesize a dual-MOF HKUST-1/ZIF-8 for in situ creation of redox-active Cu NPs inside hierarchical porous ZIF-8 under controlled pyrolytic conditions. Combining the advantages of size-tunable Cu NPs in the molecular sieving matrix of ZIF-8, Cu@ZIF-8 demonstrates high activity and selectivity for transformation of alkynes into alkenes without overhydrogenation, which surpasses most of the catalysts in the literature. Therefore, this work paves a new pathway for developing highly efficient and selective heterogeneous catalysts to produce highly value-added chemicals.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN BADAN USAHA MILIK (BUM) DESA MENUJU KAWASAN BISNIS PARIWISATA TERPADU DI DESA KARANG TENGAH
Authors:   Universitas Pakuan, Oktora Kiki , Firmansyah Dicky , Rima Anita Ira
Published: July 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan merumuskan strategi yang tepat bagi pengembangan BUM Desa dalam kerangka kawasan pariwisata terpadu di Desa Karang Tengah, Kecamatan Babakan Madang, Kabupaten Bogor. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan tujuan memperoleh jawaban terhadap pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang menyangkut permasalahan dalam objek penelitian. Sumber data diperoleh dari data primer dan data sekunder yaitu dari literatur dan hasil Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Data diolah dan dikategorikan menggunakan NVivo. Hasil penelitian ini mengidentifikasi beberapa strategi yang dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan kawasan wisata, salah satunya adalah dengan difersifikasi lini usaha dan pembangunan infrastruktur penunjang wisata. Strategi yang berbentuk strategi BMC (Business Model Canvas) diharapkan dapat menjadi rujukan bagi BUM Desa untuk meningkatkan daya saing usahanya serta menjadi percontohan bagi BUM Desa lain dengan unit usaha yang sejenis. Abstract: This study aims to identify and formulate the right strategy for the development of BUM Desa within the framework of an integrated tourism area in Karang Tengah Village, Babakan Madang District, Bogor Regency. The method used is descriptive qualitative with the aim of obtaining answers to questions concerning the problems in the research object. Sources of data obtained from primary data and secondary data, namely the literature and the results of Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The data is processed and categorized using NVivo. The results of this study identify several strategies that can be used to develop tourist areas, one of which is to diversify business lines and develop tourism supporting infrastructure. The strategy in the form of a BMC (Business Model Canvas) strategy is expected to be a reference for BUM Desa to improve its business competitiveness and become a model for other BUM Desa with similar business units.
KEBIJAKAN UTANG PERUSAHAAN TAMBANG YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors:   Universitas Presiden, Adi Cakranegara Pandu , Susilowati Etty , Sukma Deti Dian
Published: July 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perusahaan pertambangan mengelola kebijakan pendanaannya dengan menggunakan kebijakan utang jangka pendek dan jangka panjang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode regresi linier berganda. Dalam penelitian ini dibangun dua model yaitu model utang jangka pendek dan model utang jangka panjang. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah metode purposive sampling. Data yang digunakan adalah data panel, yaitu data berbagai variabel perusahaan dari tahun 2014 hingga 2019. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada ilmu keuangan terutama yang berkaitan dengan struktur modal yaitu pemilihan kebijakan utang. Model yang lebih mampu memberikan penjelasan tentang kemampuan berutang manajemen adalah model utang jangka pendek. Faktor profitabilitas dan likuiditas yang menjadi pendorong manajemen untuk melakukan utang jangka pendek. Ketika perusahaan memiliki profitabilitas dan likuiditas yang tinggi maka manajemen akan lebih yakin untuk mengambil utang jangka pendek. Sementara itu faktor yang mempengaruhi utang jangka panjang adalah kemampuan manajemen untuk membayar bunga utang. Abstract: This study aims to find out how mining companies manage their funding policies using short-term and long-term debt policies. This research is a quantitative research using multiple linear regression method. In this study, two models were built, namely the short-term debt model and the long-term debt model. The sampling method used is purposive sampling method. The data used is panel data, namely data on various company variables from 2014 to 2019. This research contributes to financial science, especially those related to capital structure, namely the selection of debt policies. The model that is more capable of providing an explanation of management's debt capability is the short-term debt model. Profitability and liquidity factors are the driving force for management to undertake short-term debt. When the company has high profitability and liquidity, management will be more confident to take on short-term debt. Meanwhile, the factor that affects long-term debt is the management's ability to pay interest on the debt.
FINANCIAL DISTRESS AND EARNINGS MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA: THE ROLE OF INDEPENDENT COMMISSIONERS
Authors:   President University, Agatha Rusci Vania , Santosa Setyarini ,   President University, Elisa Fitriana Vita ,   President University
Published: July 2021

Abstract: This research aims to find out whether the presence of independent commissioner can restrict the manipulation of earnings by management in financially distressed companies. Earning management used in this research is accrual as well as real earning management. This research employs quantitative method with data panel regression model. The sample used in this study is secondary data obtained from consumer goods industry listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2015 until 2019. The result of this study revealed that both accrual earnings management and real earnings management are significantly influenced by financial distress. However, independent commissioner fails to moderate the relationship of financial distress with both accrual earnings management and real earnings management. This research gives an insight and input to the management as the evaluation material, so that the earnings manipulation could be reduced or even not carried out. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah keberadaan komisaris independen dapat membatasi manipulasi laba oleh manajemen pada perusahaan yang mengalami financial distress. Manajemen laba yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah manajemen laba akrual dan manajemen laba riil. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan model regresi data panel. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari industri barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode 2015 hingga 2019. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa baik manajemen laba akrual maupun manajemen laba riil dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh financial distress. Namun, komisaris independen gagal memoderasi hubungan financial distress dengan manajemen laba akrual dan manajemen laba riil. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan dan masukan kepada pihak manajemen sebagai bahan evaluasi, sehingga manipulasi laba dapat dikurangi atau bahkan tidak dilakukan.
INFLUENCE OF PARAMETERS OF PUNCH OF STEP FORMING PRESS ON STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF PIPE BILLET
Authors: Gurevich L. M. , Danenko V. F. , Pisarev S. P. , Abo-Shakra V. , Shagoyan D. V.
Published: July 2021

The influence of the dimensions of the punch of a step-forming press on the stress-strain state in a pipe billet of longitudinal welded pipes of large diameter has been studied by the methods of finite element simulate. Pipes are made of steel X70. The kinetics of changes in the magnitude of deformations and stresses during one step of forming has been determined.
INCREASING THE INFILTRATION ABILITY OF ALUMINUM ALLOY FOR IMPREGNATION IN A NON-AUTOCLAVE METHOD
Authors: Gulevsky V. A. , Miroshkin N. Yu. , Tsurikhin S. N. , Kidalov N. A.
Published: July 2021

An increase in the efficiency of gas-free impregnation of a porous carbon-graphite frame to aluminum alloys by applying thin electroplated metal alloying coatings to the surface of the pores of a carbon-graphite sample by electrochemical method is investigated. It is shown that the preliminary deposition of such coatings makes it possible to obtain alloying with highly pure elements, increasing the filling of pores with matrix melt at impregnation temperature (800 ° C).
DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL LEGISLATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION ESTABLISHMENT MANAGEMENT
Authors: Verbovskyi I. , Novitska I.
Published: July 2021

The article studies the main stages of development of national legislation regulating the management of a higher education establishment. It conducts the analysis of the works of modern scientists having dealt with the issues of regulating the activities of a higher education establishment in various aspects, issues of management information defining and systematizing, problems of legal regulation in the higher education establishment management and certain aspects of its statutory and regulatory support by international and foreign legislation, theoretical and practical aspects of administrative and legal regulation in Ukrainian education in the context of European integration.

The paper analyzes and highlights three main periods of national legislation development on the higher education establishment management. The first stage of development of legislation on the higher education establishments management (XIX – 1920) is associated with the adoption of the Provisional rules about the higher education establishments management of the Ministry of public education of August 27, 1905 and legislative acts regulating the higher education establishments management.

The second stage of development of legislation on higher education (1920-1990) is associated with the fact that during the existence of the USSR, the management of higher education had its own peculiarities, as far as the political system of Soviet government and the state apparatus differed from the modern state democratic structure, and on its territory there were state bodies that existed only under the communist regime. Higher education management was carried out centrally by legislative acts of both the republican and all-union levels, in the complete absence of autonomy of higher education establishments. Third stage of development of the national legislation on higher education management is characterized by the reform of the higher education system on the basis of adopted legislative and bylaws, especially, Ukraine’s Higher Education Act of 2014, the creation of conditions for the autonomy of the higher education establishment management, the introduction of bodies and institutions for monitoring the higher education quality standards and recommendations of the European Union.
Populism and Secularism in Turkey
Authors: Tatari Eren
Published: July 2021

This article analyzes the impact of two key components of Kemalist ideology, populism and secularism, on the policymaking process of modern Turkey by utilizing historical institutionalism and the political-cultural approach. The Headscarf Ban Policy, which has been implemented discretionarily since 1981 and intensively since 1997, provides an illustrative case study of the broader debates over freedom of religion, secularism, and democracy, and helps to uncover the influence of populism and secularism, as well as the interaction between these two principles. The analysis reveals the principle of populism, which has been much overlooked in the literature, as a key determinant of state-centric reforms as well as a method of legitimizing the undemocratic version of secularism advocated by the state.
Communication and the Rise of Early Islamic Civilization (570-632)
Authors: Dakroury Aliaa Ibrahim
Published: July 2021

The rise of early Islamic civilization suggests a position that contradicts Harold Innis’ theory of the bias of communication, in which his dominant group is empowered by a monopoly of the communication resources during a given time and space. This paper argues that the communication methods used by Prophet Muhammad’s alternative social force during the early seventh century were, in fact, the main tool that organized Islamic society, helped develop its ideals, and aided the expansion and formation of one of the world’s great civilizations. This paper discusses and analyzes the reasons behind the Prophet’s communication methods and the subsequent the rise of early Islamic civilization.
The Cham Muslims of Cambodia
Authors: Bruckmayr Philipp
Published: July 2021

The Cham Muslims of Cambodia are descendents of Champa, a once-powerful Hindu-Buddhist kingdom located in modern-day central and southern Vietnam. Champa existed from the second century CE until its complete annexation by its long-time rival, the Dai Viet, in 1832.1 Its gradual loss of territory caused several waves of immigration to Cambodia between the crucial dates of 1471 and 1835 (the start of violent repression against the Cham in their last, and finally also annexed, principality: Panduranga).2 It seems that the first wave allied itself with Cambodia’s Malay community, with whom the Cham share ethno-linguistic (as both groups are speakers of Austronesian languages) and cultural (e.g., matrilinear customs) heritage, as well as their status as foreign immigrants. Through this contact, they were Islamized. This article presents an overview of the religious and political development of Cambodia’s Cham Muslims, most of whom are Sunnis, from the days of French colonialism up to the present, and shows how this formerly neglected minority became a showcase of Islamic internationalism. Contact persons or interviewees were recommended to me by Dr. Sos Mousine (CMDF, CAMSA, and the Ministry of Agriculture), Set Muhammadsis (CAMSA, CMDF) or Dato Hajji Alwi Muhammad (MAI Terengganu), or were sought out by myself. As I was mainly interested in religious change and the rebuilding of religious infrastructure, I visited many mosques and schools for interviews, which were conducted in English, Arabic, or with a Khmer or Cham translator.
Islamicjerusalem
Authors: Abu-Munshar Maher
Published: July 2021

This paper examines the extent to which `Umar ibn al-Khattab and Salah al-Din adhered to the Islamic vision toward non- Muslims and determines whether they established a multicultural society in Islamicjerusalem after the city’s first and second conquests. In addition, it provides a historical perspective to these two important events, focuses on their attitudes toward Islamicjerusalem’s non-Muslims inhabitants, and investigates whether the Muslims’ understanding of other religions is possible and whether it is an integral part of a pluralist, multicultural society.
Reconstrucción mandibular con implante hecho a medida de polieteretercetona
Authors: Oré-Acevedo Juan Francisco , Castillo-Chávez Katerin , Huaranga-Bustamante Walter
Published: July 2021

Se describe el caso de un varón de 21 años, que ingresa a emergencia por sufrir un traumatismo, por arma de fuego de alta velocidad. El área comprometida es el tercio inferior facial, con extensión a las regiones submentoniana y submandibulares. El paciente presentó una fractura conminuta en la mitad inferior mandibular y dos fracturas con desplazamiento en la mitad superior mandibular, sin pérdida ni compromiso de piezas dentarias. Posterior a la reducción cruenta y osteosíntesis con alambre quirúrgico realizada en emergencia, en la reconstrucción se utilizó un implante hecho a medida basado en imágenes tomográficas. El implante de polieteretercetona (PEEK) fue seleccionado  para reemplazar la pérdida ósea y para restaurar la anatomía facial. Los implantes de PEEK son actualmente  una nueva opción biocompatible, simple y versátil parareconstrucciones mandibulares complejas Se presentan las imágenes tomográficas antes y después del implante, imágenes del paciente antes y después del implante y el proceso quirúrgico de implante.
Factores relacionados a la metaplasia intestinal en un hospital público en Huánuco
Authors: Raraz-Vidal Jarvis , Raraz-Vidal Omar , Damaso-Mata Bernardo , Cáceres-Collque Elías , Allpas-Gómez Henry Lowell
Published: July 2021

Introducción. La metaplasia intestinal es considerada una lesión premaligna. Objetivo. Determinar los factores relacionadas a la metaplasia intestinal en los estudios anatomopatológicos de exámenes endoscópicos, durante 2010 a 2011. Material y método. Estudio de caso-control, retrospectivo, en un hospital público de Huánuco, de 2010 a 2011. Se utilizó resultados de biopsias gastroduodenales, seleccionados aleatoriamente, según los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se obtuvo, 284 biopsias (142 casos y 142 controles). Se empleó una ficha de recolección validada. Se recolectó durante cuatro meses. Se realizó el análisis descriptivo; para el análisis inferencial se usó la prueba ji cuadrado con una significancia del 95%. Se empleó el paquete estadístico SPSS y Microsoft Excel. Resultados. Las metaplasias predominaron en el género masculino con 50,5% y con una edad promedio de 56,39 (+12,28) ños. En el análisis bivariado, se encontró asociación ignificativa con gastritis crónica atrófica (OR = 4,04; IC95%: 1,35-12,50), gastritis crónica superficial (OR = 6,50; IC95%: 3,04-13,87), presencia de gastritis multifocal de antro y cuerpo (OR = 2,61; IC95%: 1,29-5,32), hiperplasia folicular (OR = 6,01; IC95%: 1,10-33,95), la densidad de H. pylori mayor a 3 cruces (OR = 2,05; IC95%: 1,13-3,77) y la edad mayor a 58 años (OR = 1,67; IC95%: 1,03-2,65). Conclusión. En el estudio, las personas con gastritis crónica atrófica, gastritis crónica superficial, gastritis multifocal de antro y cuerpo, hiperplasia folicular, H. pylori mayor detres cruces y edad mayor a 58 años tuvieron mayor riesgo de presentar o desarrollar metaplasia intestinal.
Balanitis de Zoon
Authors: Del Castillo-Cabrera Soky , Escalante-Jibaja Emma
Published: July 2021

Balanitis de Zoon
Aborto terapéutico: ¿realmente existe?
Authors: Pacora-Portella Percy
Published: July 2021

A propósito de la reciente promulgación de la Resolución Ministerial N.º 486-2014/Minsa, que aprueba la guía técnica nacional para el aborto terapéutico, se ha generado un gran debate al respecto. Como un aporte a la discusión, se presenta una revisión sobre las definiciones y tipos de aborto, para luego centrarse en el denominado ‘aborto terapéutico’ y explorar las  dificultades que existen para definirlo. Finalmente, sepresentan algunas observaciones a esta Guía técnica emitida por el Minsa. Se concluye que el término ‘aborto terapéutico’ es anacrónico y contradictorio porque el aborto no es un tratamiento que asegure mejorar la salud de la mujer ni la del niño. El término apropiado debería ser ‘interrupción del embarazo por razones médicas’.
Síndrome de burnout en internos de medicina: un problema urgente
Authors: Munayco-Guillén Fernando , Cámara-Reyes Anaís
Published: July 2021

Síndrome de burnout en internos de medicina: un problema urgente