bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What are students’ learning and experiences in an online learning tool designed for cognitive and metacognitive skill development?
Authors: Visser Rebecca , Flynn Alison B.
Published: June 2018

Organic chemistry has its own representational language and as with any language, any barrier with the language makes understanding the message difficult. In this article, we describe the design of an open education resource that empowers students to master this language, the Organic Mechanisms module in orgchem101.com. We also describe the structure and findings of a pilot study designed to measure students’ learning and experiences using the module, with a focus on principles, structure, and key findings, rather than on the chemistry-specific elements.
O Ressurgimento da Escola Austríaca e a Teoria de Processo de Mercado
Authors: Barbieri Fábio
Published: June 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar algumas contribuições à teoria deprocesso de mercado feitas pelos principais economistas da Escola Austríacadesde o seu ressurgimento na década de setenta do século XX. Inicialmentedefine-se o problema tratado pela teoria de processo, usando o que é conhecidocomo o “problema do conhecimento” de Hayek, derivado de sua crítica aoconceito neoclássico de equilíbrio. A partir disso, estudam-se as contribuiçõesde dois autores principais do ressurgimento da escola, Ludwig Lachmann eIsrael Kirzner. A investigação privilegia o estudo das implicações do subjetivismopara a teoria do processo de mercado do primeiro e a teoria da atividadeempresarial do segundo. Segue-se com o debate ocorrido na década de oitentaque confronta as idéias desses dois autores a respeito da existência de uma tendênciaao equilíbrio de mercado. A obra dos autores, o debate entre eles e ascontribuições posteriores são analisadas sob o ponto de vista da epistemologiaevolucionária de Popper.
Limites ao Desenvolvimento do Estado do Rio de Janeiro: Aspectos Estruturais de seu Processo de Industrialização no período recente
Authors: Sobral Bruno Leonardo Barth
Published: June 2018

Esse artigo visa analisar a evolução recente do processo de industrializaçãodo Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Dessa forma, é apresentada uma avaliação dadinâmica industrial da economia estadual e de sua contribuição para a economiado país. A hipótese que se pretende defender é que o principal motivo de persistiruma base produtiva fragilizada no Estado do Rio de Janeiro seria a carência detransformações estruturais mais profundas que garantissem maior integraçãoe valorização de sinergias internas de modo associado ao aprofundamento desua contribuição na divisão do trabalho inter-regional.
Una visión para América Latina: Dinamismo tecnológico e inclusión social mediante una estrategia basada en los recursos naturales
Authors: Pérez Carlota
Published: June 2018

El presente ensayo examina las tendencias actuales de la globalización y de ladifusión tanto de la revolución de las TIC (Tecnologías de Información yComunicación) como de su paradigma, con el fin de proponer una visión defuturo exitosa y socialmente equitativa para América Latina; una visión basadaen rasgos compartidos y capaz de abarcar al mismo tiempo toda la diversidad desus países. Con ello se espera proporcionar los fundamentos para la realizaciónde investigaciones ulteriores profundas así como promover un debate serio yamplio alrededor del tema.
Os impactos da introdução das energias renováveis variáveis no setor elétrico
Authors: Bicalho Ronaldo
Published: June 2018

O que marca o atual momento do setor elétrico no mundo é o profundo e radical processo de transformação tecnológica, econômica, organizacional, institucional e política que o setor está passando. A explosão da demanda pelos serviços elétricos e a necessidade de mitigar os efeitos da mudança climática colocam o setor no centro das discussões sobre política energética.Atender aos ditames da segurança energética e da redução das emissões de CO2, mediante a ampliação da participação das Energias Renováveis Variáveis (ERVs), constitui o maior desafio do setor elétrico desde o seu nascimento no final do século XIX. Este texto procura avaliar as possibilidades de evolução do setor elétrico a partir da evolução dos atributos técnicos, econômicos e sociais do produto eletricidade e de seus processos, impactados pela introdução das energias renováveis no setor.
Evolução da estrutura e da dinâmica das finanças norte-americanas
Authors: Cintra Marcos Antonio Macedo , Cagnin Rafael Fagundes
Published: June 2018

Este artigo procura analisar as principais tendências e transformaçõesno sistema monetário-financeiro dos Estados Unidos após 1980, tendo comopano de fundo o processo de concorrência entre as instituições financeiras, pormeio de novos instrumentos, bem como a interação com o ambiente institucionale regulatório. O artigo discute a perda relativa de posição do sistema bancárioe a ascensão dos investidores institucionais na estrutura do sistema financeiroamericano, bem como a expansão dos novos instrumentos de dívida e domercado de capitais. O avanço das finanças diretas imprime sua lógica de gestãoda riqueza e do crédito, a partir da diversificação dos portfólios de ativos,aos grandes bancos norte-americanos. Esse processo tem sido acompanhado peloaperfeiçoamento dos modelos e técnicas de monitoramento, mitigação e transferênciade risco. A generalização das formas de gestão de ativos pelos grandes investidores(bancos, corporações, investidores institucionais, hedge funds) e dos modelosde monitoramento de risco resultam em minicrises globais recorrentes.
O DESPERTAR DA CONSCIÊNCIA CRÍTICA NA ALFABETIZAÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS COM O MÉTODO PAULO FREIRE
Authors: Ferreira Juliana Battistus Mateus
Published: June 2018

O cunho conscientizador do pensamento pedagógico de Paulo Freire justifica sua aplicação no ensino de crianças, pois, ao analisar a prática pedagógica freireana, percebe-se que ela se desenvolve basicamente por meio do diálogo e da ação reflexiva, ferramentas de ensino perfeitamente cabíveis aos processos educativos de alfabetização de todas as faixas etárias. Portanto, a pesquisa teórica aqui desenvolvida tece relações com a pesquisa prática, a fim de pensar na eficácia desse pensamento pedagógico no processo alfabetizador do infante, usando elementos teóricos e práticos e recursos didáticos que favoreçam a aproximação da realidade do educando com o processo de ensino, num ambiente escolar cujo objetivo seja de alfabetizar conscientizando. Para isso, parte-se da premissa de que a conscientização não é um conteúdo a ser ensinado, portanto, não se restringe a determinada faixa etária, mas é um modo de ensinar, reflexo de uma concepção de mundo, de indivíduo e de sociedade. Palavras-chave: Pensamento pedagógico de Paulo Freire. Alfabetização de crianças. Conscientização.
The determinants of dividend policy in Euronext 100
Authors: Ahmad Nádia Genebra , Barros Victor , Sarmento Joaquim Miranda
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of firms’ dividend policy, measured by dividend yield, using a sample of firms that belong to the Euronext 100 index for a period between 2007 and 2016. We used OLS regression with the dividend yield as the dependent variable and a number of explanatory variables at the firm level. Results show that the dividend yield in this paper is not associated with firms’ profitability, although both higher growth expectations by investors and larger size of firms negatively influence firms’ dividend yield. We found some evidence that leverage is indirectly related to more dividends. An important additional finding of this paper is that the level of leverage shapes dividend yields differently in the presence of stable payouts and stable dividends per share. Furthermore, the dividend yield reflects a positive valuation of investors if the growth in dividends is linked to the growth in earnings for firms with higher growth expectations, as a policy of a stable payout appears to be viewed by investors as not jeopardizing future growth. As dividend policy is a key part of Finance research, our study contributes to the theory twofold. First, by focusing on a specific niche not developed by literature, and second by examining the indirect effects of the traditional determinants of dividend policy.
Stock price response to earnings announcements: Developed versus emerging economies
Authors: Al-Baidhani Ahmed M.
Published: June 2018

This study aims to evaluate the usefulness and relevance of accounting earnings disclosures, as the key determinant of stock price changes. The main objective is to examine whether earnings response coefficient (ERC) behaviour could explain more fully the stock price changes, as to the reason why the stock price change is not equal to the number of announced earnings. The study is done with data sets from five countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) group and Malaysia. The analysis is then grouped into developed markets: Japan, UK, Sweden, and Switzerland; and emerging markets: Malaysia and Mexico, for the period 2001-2014. Two measures of abnormal returns are regressed against the size of the announced earnings. The first regression uses measures from individual events. The second regression uses a new measure; that is, from portfolios made out of all observations sorted by size of earnings into ten portfolios for each country and combination of countries. The portfolio method used was aimed at controlling possible idiosyncratic-errors-in-variables problem using individual event measures. The results using individual-event measures resulted in reasonable ERC sizes with high R2 explanatory power, a little higher than those reported in prior studies on other countries. Importantly, portfolio-based ERC is very close to the magnitude of the earnings in some tests, which supports the famous value relevance theory in accounting. This finding is new to this literature.
Estimation of Height from Foot Dimensions
Authors: Sah Sanjay Kumar , Karki Naresh , Jeelani Bashir Ahmed
Published: June 2018

Introduction: Height determination by measuring various body parts is of value in medicolegal investigations as well as in anthropology. The current study was conducted to analyze interrelation between foot dimensions and stature, and to predict stature from foot dimensions.

Methods: The study was done in medical students where stature, foot length, and foot breadth were quantified using standard instruments. We calculated correlations between variables with correlation test and predicted stature from foot length and foot breadth using linear regression.

Results: The correlation between foot length and stature, and foot breadth and stature were statistically significant in both gender (p < 0.05). Greater correlation coefficient between foot length and stature than that for foot breadth and stature indicated stronger correlation between foot length and stature. Separate formulae were drawn for calculation of stature from foot breadth and foot length by regression analysis.

Conclusion: Both foot breadth and foot length were correlated with stature. Foot length was found to be a better predictor of stature.
In what sense exactly are human beings more political according to Aristotle?
Authors: Güremen Refik
Published: June 2018

According to Aristotle, human beings are by nature political animals. It is
now common knowledge that being political is not a human privilege for him:
bees, wasps, ants and cranes are other political species. Although they are
not the only political animals, human beings, for Aristotle, are still more
political than the other political animals. The present article investigates
the precise sense of this comparison; and it claims that the higher degree
of human politicalness is not to be explained by reference to those
exclusively human features like having capacity for speech and moral
perception. It is claimed that human beings are more political rather
because they live in a multiplicity of communities differing in form.
On the blinding clarity of property rights: Seven fragments of reductionism in the theory of property
Authors: Stojanovic Aleksandar
Published: June 2018

This paper presents a historical commentary on arguments in theory of
property that reinforce the vision of strong and clear property rights
dominant in developmental policy today. Building upon the article from
Duncan Kennedy in 2013 that analyses this vision, this paper tackles
additional issues in emergence of the vision. In doing that the paper relies
on broadly genealogical approach to focus on a binary opposition that has
been present in the theory of property almost since its historical
establishment in Western thought. This methodology allows us to
conceptualize the problem in more substantive terms than Kennedy does and
show how radical shift is necessary to overcome the problems that the vision
entails.
Reason without feelings? Emotions in the history of western philosophy
Authors: Kisjuhas Aleksej
Published: June 2018

The paper critically analyzes the interplay between reason and emotions in
the history of Western philosophy, as an inadequately ambivalent
interrelationship of contrast, control and conflict. After the analysis of
the philosophies of emotions and passion amongst the most important
philosophers and philosophical works of classical antiquity and the Middle
Ages, the paper presents ideas on this interrelationship within the
framework of modern philosophy, or during the so-called Age of Reason.
Finally, the paper analyzes the character of emotions in the contemporary
philosophy, while examining possibilities for the history of (philosophy of)
emotions and feelings, but also the possibilities for overcoming the undue
opposition of reason and emotions, which was present in the dominant Western
philosophical tradition.
Quantitative analysis for measuring and suppressing bullwhip effect
Authors: Jaggi Chandra , Verma Mona , Jain Reena
Published: June 2018

The increasing competition in the market generally leads to uctuations in the products demand. Such uctuations pose a serious concern for the decision maker at each stage of the supply chain. Moreover, the capacity constraint at any level of the supply chain would make the situation more critical by elevating the bullwhip effect. The present article introduces a new allocation mechanism, i.e. Iterative Proportional Allocation (IPA), which instead of elevating, discourages the bullwhip effect. A comparative analysis of the proposed allocation mechanism with the policies defined in Jaggi et. al(2010) has been provided to explain the bottlenecks of existing policies. It has been established numerically, that application of IPA is beneficial for both retailers as well as suppliers, as the combined profit (loss) of all the retailers increases (decreases) and subsequently, minimizes the bullwhip effect of the supplier. We have incorporated the concept of Product Fill Rate (PFR) through which it is shown that IPA gives better results as compared to other allocation mechanisms.
An Experiential Investigation of Tax Professionals' Contentious Interactions with Clients
Authors: Bobek Donna D. , Dalton Derek W. , Hageman Amy M. , Radtke Robin R.
Published: June 2018

This paper is a descriptive exploration of the under-researched area of contentious interactions between tax professionals in public accounting and their clients. We collect data in two waves. First, we employ an experiential questionnaire (EQ) to obtain rich, detailed data about actual contentious client interactions experienced by tax professionals. Second, we conduct a follow-up survey based on the results of the EQ to provide additional insight. We find that tax professionals often employ arguments relating to possible taxing authority (e.g., Internal Revenue Service) actions and the technical merits of the tax position to persuade their clients. We also provide additional details about the types of contentious issues tax professionals experience and how these issues are resolved. Importantly, our results point to a need for more training on how to deal with contentious issues, as most professionals strongly believe training is needed, even though few have actually received training.

Data Availability: Contact authors.
ESCRITA DE SINAIS: UMA PROPOSTA PARA O LETRAMENTO DE SURDOS EM L1
Authors: Francisco de Lima Marleide , Oliveira Alves Edneia de , Rossi Stumpf Marianne
Published: June 2018

Este artigo apresenta dados de uma investigação sobre a aprendizagem da Escrita de Sinais por surdos como proposta de letramento como L1. A pesquisa foi necessária pois muitos surdos, embora tenham contato com Língua de Sinais, ainda passam pelo processo de alfabetização em língua portuguesa, mas, os surdos precisam da escrita da Libras como L1 para ter uma aprendizagem significativa. A pesquisa apresentou caráter exploratório de natureza qualitativa, seu delineamento se constituiu em um estudo de caso com uma adolescente surda e a análise empregada foi a microgenética. Os dados obtidos apontam que é necessário que o surdo aproprie-se da escrita de sua Língua, pois assim produzirá sentidos para sua aprendizagem, que a participante conseguiu alcançar o objetivo de visualizar de maneira significativa a relação da sinalização com a escrita de sinais. Assim, os dados indicaram que a escrita de sinais pode contribuir para a aquisição da escrita por adolescentes surdos que se encontram em distorção idade/série.
JOGO DE MÍMICA PARA O ENSINO DE PROPAGAÇÃO DO CALOR: CONDUÇÃO, CONVECÇÃO E IRRADIAÇÃO
Authors: Alves de Amorim Aline Mariane , Santos dos Reis Joisilany , Morais Oliveira Victoria Cristina , Martins Santos Bianca
Published: June 2018

O trabalho apresenta resultados para o uso de recursos didáticos diferenciados para o ensino de física, com o objetivo de facilitar o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. A aula proposta inclui a apresentação teórica dos conteúdos, especificamente sobre, calor sensível, calor latente e os processos de transmissão de calor: condução, convecção e irradiação. Além disso, a metodologia inclui o uso de um experimento de baixo custo, a resolução de exercícios, a execução do jogo “Gesticulando a Física”, e ao final, a aplicação do questionário investigativo sobre o recurso utilizado. A dinâmica proposta é mímica, inspirado no jogo “Imagem e Ação”, no qual um dos jogadores da equipe deve fazer mímica para o restante, de fenômenos físicos sobre situações do cotidiano. O restante do grupo deve descobrir a situação representada e qual o processo de transmissão de calor envolvido. Os Bolsistas do Programa Institucional de Iniciação à Docência da área de Física (PIBID/Física) da Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC) ministraram a aula à estudantes do 3° ano do Ensino Médio em uma escola pública de Rio Branco-AC, dentro do projeto de extensão “Ciências na Escola: Experimentação e Teoria”. Os resultados mostram que a utilização da sequência didática proposta estimulou aos alunos à compreensão e fixação do conteúdo de forma facilitada e divertida. Além disso, a dinâmica proposta revelou ser um recurso promissor para o ensino de física.
DA SALA DE AULA AO CAMPO: LEVANTAMENTO RÁPIDO PARA AMOSTRAGEM DA DIVERSIDADE FLORÍSTICA DE ÁREA VERDE EM SORRISO, ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO
Authors: Cristine Belló Grösz Liandra , Aparecida dos Santos Regiane
Published: June 2018

A partir das aulas de Botânica e Morfologia Vegetal, fomentou-se a ideia de pesquisar sobre a riqueza e composição das espécies vasculares vegetais em área verde central do município de Sorriso, norte do estado de Mato Grosso. Pelo método do levantamento rápido – LR registrou-se, em intervalos de cinco minutos, a presença das espécies inéditas que foram encontradas. Identificaram-se 47 espécies, sendo o de maior número de representantes as pertencentes à família Fabaceae, seguida das Arecaceae. O LR é indicado para a informação florística de qualidade sobre a vegetação, por ser importante ferramenta auxiliar no conhecimento da flora e contribuir para que futuros projetos de gestão ambiental, planos de manejo e restauração de áreas degradadas possam ser pensados para a implantação de políticas públicas de conservação das comunidades vegetais da cidade.
O PLANETÁRIO COMO RECURSO METODOLÓGICO PARA FACILITAR O ENSINO DE FÍSICA POR MEIO DA RUPTURA ENTRE O CONHECIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E O CONHECIMENTO COMUM
Authors: Damasceno Júnior José Ademir , Cavalcante Romeu Mairton
Published: June 2018

No Brasil o ensino de Astronomia ainda apresenta muitas limitações. Muitas pesquisas apontam a má formação inicial dos professores e concepções alternativas verificadas facilmente em alunos como sendo umas das principais dificuldades encontradas. Essas concepções alternativas apresentam-se como obstáculos epistemológicos. Portanto, levantou-se o questionamento: como o Planetário poderá contribuir para que sejam superados obstáculos epistemológicos no ensino de Física? Este trabalho, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, tomando por base documentos oficiais nacionais e resultados de pesquisas anteriores descritos em revistas, artigos, dissertações e teses, teve como objetivo investigar acerca do Planetário como recurso metodológico para facilitar o ensino de Física, através da ruptura entre o conhecimento científico e o conhecimento comum. Como resultado, acredita-se que o Planetário possibilita um novo olhar do indivíduo, dele questionar suas primeiras observações, muitas vezes ingênuas, melhorar a compreensão da composição espacial dos astros e de como se relacionam através dos fenômenos. As conclusões deste estudo revelam que o Planetário poderá promover a superação de obstáculos epistemológicos e, assim, facilitar o ensino de Física, desde que o professor realize uma abordagem teórica e metodológica para a sua utilização.
O DESAFIO DE TRANSFORMAR EXPERIÊNCIAS INDIVIDUAIS EM PRÁTICAS COLETIVAS: PERSPECTIVAS PARA A EFETIVA INCLUSÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Luzia de Almeida Miranda Fernanda , Pino José Cláudio Del
Published: June 2018

O presente artigo contempla uma reflexão sobre as perspectivas de efetivação de uma educação inclusiva no contexto do Ensino Médio Integrado (EMI), decorrentes sobretudo das práticas individuais auxiliares na tomada de determinadas decisões docentes diante do imperativo legal da inclusão. O trabalho tem por objetivo tecer uma análise de discursos de alguns docentes do EMI sobre a importância da socialização dessas experiências para se pensar em práticas coletivas, instigando uma formação continuada colaborativa com foco na educação inclusiva. A abordagem é qualitativa e na análise do corpus foi utilizado o procedimento metodológico da Análise de Discurso Francesa. Identificaram-se como principais resultados a necessidade de se revisar conceitos como os de diferença, igualdade e inclusão escolar, o percurso para a efetivação de práticas inclusivas, bem como de um maior envolvimento da gestão e da equipe multiprofissional para a elaboração e execução de políticas de formação continuada colaborativa.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE TEORIA E PRÁTICA NO PROCESSO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO PROFISSIONAL DOCENTE: O CASO DA ESCOLA LUIZA NUNES BEZERRA
Authors: Rodrigues Trevisan Andreia Cristina , Paulo Trevisan Eberson , Ferreira Ribeiro Katia Dias
Published: June 2018

Este trabalho é fruto de uma pesquisa que foi realizada entre os anos de 2015 e 2017, em que se buscou investigar práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas em uma escola pública do município de Juara (MT). Essa escola é considerada bem conceituada em relação à gestão e ao Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB). Nosso objetivo neste trabalho é refletir sobre o processo de formação e profissionalização docente, com vistas a compreender a relação entre teoria e prática, no contexto desta escola. Abordamos a prática a partir das experiências vivenciadas e narradas por professores desta escola.  Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, em que utilizamos as narrativas docentes como forma de produção de dados. Foi possível identificar que há uma significativa preocupação dos docentes da escola com a formação continuada e com o desenvolvimento de projetos que envolvam todos os professores, de forma a indicar que o trabalho coletivo e a estreita relação entre a teoria e a prática têm possibilitado o desenvolvimento de práticas pedagógicas que podem ser consideradas bem-sucedidas e até mesmo inovadoras.
FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA: UMA PROPOSTA DE PRÁTICA INVESTIGATIVA E INTERDISCIPLINAR PARA O ENSINO DE GEOMETRIA PLANA
Authors: Caires de Oliveira Fabio , Tavares Buchardt Arlete
Published: June 2018

A formação continuada tem se tornado imprescindível para suprir as fragilidades evidenciadas no processo de ensino de diferentes áreas. Para isso o professor necessita se atualizar continuamente e buscar novas estratégias didático-metodológicas que possam favorecer o ensino e a aprendizagem do estudante contemporâneo. Assim, pretende-se, neste trabalho, analisar os saberes docentes mobilizados, mediante o desenvolvimento de uma atividade investigativa, inicialmente proposta para o ensino de Matemática e Língua Portuguesa, junto a um grupo de docentes de uma escola urbana da rede estadual de Mato Grosso. Para tal recorremos a Ponte, Brocardo e Oliveira (2006); Smole e Diniz (2012). A metodologia adotada situa-se dentro do paradigma qualitativo caracterizado como uma pesquisa participante. Os dados foram produzidos por meio da observação participante, relato oral e escrito, áudio e fotos coletadas durante a realização da oficina. Os resultados indicaram que o uso de materiais manipulativos, associado a atividades investigativas, constitui-se como alternativa metodológica em potencial para o ensino e aprendizagem de Matemática, amplia as possibilidades de trabalho interdisciplinar facilitando o envolvimento e a construção de conhecimentos matemáticos e linguísticos de forma lúdica e agradável, repercutindo na formação docente dos profissionais da unidade escolar.
O ENSINO DE FRAÇÃO POR MEIO DO TANGRAM: UMA PROPOSTA DE SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA
Authors: Silva Cardoso Letícia , Evangelista Costa Dailson , Ferreira de Moraes Mônica Suelen
Published: June 2018

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo propor uma sequência didática para o ensino de Frações no 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental utilizando como material didático concreto e manipulável o Tangram. Para tanto, definimos, assim, a pergunta de pesquisa: De que maneira o professor pode construir uma sequência didática para o ensino de Fração no 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental por meio do material didático Tangram? A construção da sequência didática foi iniciada na disciplina de Laboratório de Ensino de Matemática (LEM II), no curso de Licenciatura em Matemática, da Universidade Federal do Tocantins, no Câmpus de Arraias, para ser desenvolvida nas turmas do 6º ano do ensino fundamental e com ênfase nos conteúdos de frações. Escolhemos como material didático concreto e manipulável o Tangram. Acreditamos que o uso da sequência didática com o auxílio deste recurso didático tornará as aulas diversificadas, motivadoras e despertará o interesse dos alunos pela matemática e, consequentemente, os mesmos terão melhores rendimentos nos conteúdos ministrados.
Financial and Qualitative Determinants of Voluntary Environmental/sustainability Reporting in the Canadian Mining Sector
Authors: Leonard Glenn
Published: June 2018

The ever increasing attention given to the environmental threats facing the planet have permeated almost all areas of human endeavor. Accounting and corporate reporting has not been immune to this effect and is a key area of interest. Much of the environmental damage and the public costs associated with its clean-up is a result of commercial activity. Captured under the headings of social responsibility accounting, environmental accounting, integrated reporting or sustainability accounting, there are only limited mechanisms in accounting standards that directly address environmental issues and the associated costs and benefits. The majority of reporting mechanisms over the last three decades are largely voluntary so companies can choose whether or not to provide this type of information to users of financial statements. The existing literature in this area has focused on how these disclosures (voluntary or otherwise) have affected user decision making, primarily investors and creditors, and shareholder value.

What factors lead to a decision to do voluntary reporting with respect to environmental issues? This research focusses on the Canadian mining sector (exclusive of oil and gas) and examines the financial and qualitative characteristics of companies and their respective reporting methods to build a generic profile of a company that would most likely to provide such voluntary reporting. Analysis of annual reports and the associated audited financial statements of companies in the sector will provide the raw data to build this generic profile.

We can infer that companies that are inclined to report on environmental issues, beyond their regulatory responsibilities, are likely to be better environmental stewards. Understanding the financial and qualitative characteristics and having a profile can aid in regulatory decision making and provide potential and current investors an additional analytical tool for assessing corporate social responsibility with regard to environmental and sustainability issues.
A Study of Three Sectors Employment Effects Resulting from Foreign Direct Investment- Empirical Analysis on the Data from Shanghai
Authors: Po-Sheng Ko , Cheng-Chung Wu , Ying-Shih Mai , Zhongrong Xu
Published: June 2018

With the development of China's reform policy, China's economy has integrating into the global economy. As a result, more and more foreign capital continues to flow into China. Since 1990, foreign direct investment (FDI) was mainly concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta region, and Shanghai enjoyed strong economic strength, thanks to its abundant human resources and convenient transportation network; as these are excellent qualities for attracting foreign investment, Shanghai became one of the major cities attracting FDI. FDI has had a tremendous impact on many aspects in Shanghai, including employment. Therefore, Shanghai was chosen as the research object of this paper. This paper is organized as follows. Firstly, a theoretical analysis of the employment effects of FDI is presented. Secondly, after combining the actual utilization of FDI and employment in Shanghai, an empirical analysis of the effects of FDI on employment's quantity, employment's distribution and employment quality is carried out by collecting relevant data and establishing regression models. This study finds that while FDI does exert a positive influence on the quantity of employment in Shanghai's tertiary industry, it is not conducive to primary and secondary industries. In addition, FDI has shown positive and negative impacts on the quality of employment. Lastly, some suggestions are proposed to enhance the positive role of FDI on employment.
Time to Attrition and Factors Associated among Adults enrolled in Pre-Anti- Retroviral Therapy Care in Tepi General Hospital, Ethiopia
Authors: Shaweno Adewo Tamrat , Asefa Henok , Abrha Gesesew Hailay
Published: June 2018

Pre-antiretroviral therapy (Pre-ART) patient attrition is a growing concern in Ethiopia. Nevertheless, there is little information that assesses the magnitude and its related factors. This study assessed time to attrition and factors associated among adults enrolled in pre ART care at Tepi General Hospital in South West Ethiopia. Records of adult pre-ART patients enrolled at Tepi General Hospital from October 2010 to September 2013 were reviewed to find factors linked with time to attrition. We defined time to attrition as the period a patient was enrolled in pre-ART service till attrition. We Used Kaplan Meir curve to estimate survival time, and log-rank test to compare the time to attrition among different categories of patients. We used Cox hazard model to assess factors related with time to attrition. We followed 652 pre-ART patients for 337.6 person years of follow-up from start up to pre-ART outcomes. Of these, 179 patients were lost to follow up and 37 patients died, contributing to an overall attrition of 33.13%. During the early six months the attrition rate was 89.8%. Not starting cotrimoxazole prophylaxis (AHR=1.51, 95% CI, 1.02-2.25), being co-infected with tuberculosis (TB) (AHR=2.16, 95%CI, 1.35-3.45), living further than 10 km away from the hospital (AHR=1.44, 95%CI, 1.07-2.0), and not disclosed status of HIV(AHR=3.04) were factors significantly associated with time to attrition.

Pre-ART patient attrition rate was high among clients not using cotrimoxazole prophylaxis, TB/HIV co-infected, living > 10 km from a health care facility and with undisclosed HIV status. Close follow-up of clients during the early months' follow-up period is greatly recommended.
Loas, encomios, jácaras y otros textos autógrafos de Pérez de la Fuente, en náhuatl y español (a propósito también de la loa infantil de sor Juana, que sigue perdida)
Authors: Zugasti Miguel
Published: June 2018

El artículo reivindica la figura de Joseph Antonio Pérez de la Fuente a partir del hallazgo de un manuscrito autógrafo suyo que contiene más de veinte piezas teatrales breves, junto a varias traducciones. Este desconocido dramaturgo, que vivió en la Nueva España de los siglos xvii y xviii, escribió su obra combinando el náhuatl con el español. Pieza segura suya, de indisputable autoría, es cierta Loa satírica que en 2001 se atribuyó a sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, error que gozó de gran predicamento y que urge desterrar del panorama crítico.
José María Micó, Para entender a Góngora. El Acantilado, Barcelona, 2015; 381 pp.
Authors: Delgadillo Martínez Emiliano
Published: June 2018

El filólogo José María Micó decidió reunir en un volumen sus estudios esenciales de la obra de Luis de Góngora y Argote, con el fin de ofrecer a un amplio público una guía para comprender y disfrutar de mejor forma su poesía...
Juan Pablo Gil-Osle, Los cigarrales de la privanza y mecenazgo en Tirso de Molina. Universidad de Navarra-Iberoamericana-Vervuert, Madrid-Frankfurt/M., 2016; 196 pp. (Biblioteca Áurea Hispánica, 110).
Authors: Restrepo-Gautier Pablo
Published: June 2018

Gil-Osle ejerce como Associate Professor en la Arizona State University y cuenta con otro libro publicado (2013) y con numerosos artículos en revistas indexadas sobre temas que van desde estudios chicanos hasta estudios sobre Boccaccio. Dentro de esta amplia gama de intereses...
Byzantine Musical Theory (Harmonics)
Authors: BENAKIS Linos G.
Published: June 2018

Harmonics was one of the four mathematical sciences in the Byzantine higher education curriculum, together with Arithmetic, Geometry, and Astronomy (what was called quadrivium in the Latin West). Our knowledge of Byzantine harmonics is rather limited, as only two or three of the relevant treatises have been published in new editions. In this paper a systematic approach is attempted, while, at the same time, keeping distances from the well-studied practical aspect of Byzantine music, i.e. ecclesiastical music. Furthermore, the tradition of Greek musical theory (both Pythagorean and Aristoxenian), which the Byzantines developed further from a dual, both textual and educational, interest, presenting us at the same time with some original contributions.
Determination of minimum alveolar concentration and cardiovascular effects of desflurane in positive-pressure ventilated sheep
Authors: Columbano Nicolò , Duffee Lauren R. , Melosu Valentino , Scanu Antonio , Dore Simone , Sotgiu Giovanni , Driessen Bernd , Careddu Giovanni M.
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE To determine the minimum alveolar concentration of desflurane (MACDES) and effects on cardiovascular variables in positive-pressure ventilated sheep.

ANIMALS 13 adult female sheep.

PROCEDURES Anesthesia was induced with desflurane. After a 30-minute equilibration at an end-tidal concentration of desflurane (etDES) of 10.5%, an electrical stimulus (5 Hz/ms and 50 mA) was applied for 1 minute or until gross purposeful movement occurred. The etDES was then changed by 0.5% (modified up-down method), depending on whether a positive motor response had been elicited, and stimulation was repeated. The MACDES was the etDES midway between a positive and negative response. After MACDES was determined, etDES was increased to 1.3 and 1.6 MACDES. Animals were allowed to equilibrate for 15 minutes, and cardiovascular, blood gas, acid-base, and hematologic variables were measured. Times to induction of anesthesia, extubation, attainment of sternal position, and standing and duration of anesthesia were recorded.

RESULTS Mean ± SD MACDES was 9.81 ± 0.79%. Times to intubation, extubation, and standing were 4.81 ± 2.21 minutes, 14.09 ± 4.05 minutes, and 32.4 ± 12.5 minutes, respectively. Duration of anesthesia was 226 ± 22 minutes. Heart rate increased significantly at induction of anesthesia but otherwise remained at preanesthetic rates. Arterial blood pressures progressively decreased with increasing etDES; pressures increased slightly only in response to noxious stimulation.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The MACDES determined here compared favorably with that determined for other sheep populations and indicated similar anesthetic potency as in other species. Desflurane caused dose-dependent arterial hypotension, which indicated the need for careful blood pressure monitoring.
Comparison of field surveillance methods for and assessment of factors potentially associated with the presence of free-roaming cats in a mixed-urban environment
Authors: Vincent Emily C. , Yoak Andrew J. , O'Quin Jeanette , Garabed Rebecca B.
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE To evaluate 2 methods of surveying free-roaming cats (Felis catus) and identify factors potentially associated with the presence of such cats in a mixed-urban environment.

ANIMALS Free-roaming cats on and near The Ohio State University campus.

PROCEDURES The university campus and surrounding areas were divided into zones classified by land-use category; 100 zones were selected for surveillance of free-roaming cats by the line-transect method (with visual observation). Twenty-three of the 100 zones were selected for surveillance by the trail-camera method (motion-triggered still photography). Food resources in the study site were mapped, and the presence of other animal species was recorded with trail cameras. Potential associations between the number of cat sightings and variables of interest were assessed by statistical methods,

RESULTS There were 6 cat sightings in 5 zones and 92 cat sightings in 9 zones with the line-transect and trail-camera methods, respectively. Cats were most frequently detected off campus and in urban land-use zones. The number of cat sightings with trail cameras was significantly correlated with the density of food resources but not wildlife sightings in the area and was significantly greater at night than during the day.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The number of sightings with the trail-camera method was substantially higher than that obtained with the line-transect method; however, identification of individual cats was generally not possible, and population size could not be estimated with these methods. Communities considering population control for free-roaming cats should consider the use of trail cameras to identify areas with high free-roaming cat activity and observation at night to gather baseline data. Easily accessible food waste may attract free-roaming cats.
Evaluation of topical ophthalmic ganciclovir gel for the treatment of dogs with experimentally induced ocular canine herpesvirus-1 infection
Authors: Ledbetter Eric C. , Nicklin Amanda M. , Spertus Chloe B. , Pennington Matthew R. , Van de Walle Gerlinde R. , Mohammed Hussni O.
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE To determine the in vitro half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of ganciclovir for canine herpesvirus-1 (CHV-1) and to evaluate the efficacy of ganciclovir ophthalmic gel in dogs with experimentally induced ocular CHV-1 infection.

ANIMALS 10 specific pathogen–free adult Beagles.

PROCEDURES Cytotoxicity and EC50 of ganciclovir for CHV-1 were determined during in vitro experiments. During an in vivo experiment, dogs with experimentally induced ocular CHV-1 infections received 1 drop of 0.15% ganciclovir (ganciclovir group; n = 5) or artificial tear (control group; 5) ophthalmic gel in both eyes 5 times daily for 7 days, then 3 times daily for 7 days. For each dog, ophthalmic and confocal microscopic examinations were performed at predetermined times to determine severity of ocular disease and inflammation. Conjunctival swab specimens were collected at predetermined times for PCR assay analysis to determine CHV-1 shedding.

RESULTS No in vitro cytotoxic effects were observed for ganciclovir concentrations ≤ 500μM. The EC50 of ganciclovir for CHV-1 was 37.7μM. No adverse effects associated with ganciclovir were observed during the in vivo experiment. Mean ocular disease and inflammation scores for the ganciclovir group were significantly lower than those for the control group. Mean duration of CHV-1 shedding for the ganciclovir group (0.4 days) was significantly shorter than that for the control group (6.2 days).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Topical administration of 0.15% ganciclovir ophthalmic gel was well tolerated and effective in decreasing clinical disease scores, ocular tissue inflammation, and duration of viral shedding in dogs with experimentally induced ocular CHV-1 infection.
Effects of grape seed extract, lutein, and fish oil on responses of canine lens epithelial cells in vitro
Authors: Miller Eric J. , Gemensky-Metzler Anne J. , Wilkie David A. , Wynne Rachel M. , Curto Elizabeth M. , Chandler Heather L.
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of grape seed extract (GSE), lutein, and fish oil containing omega-3 fatty acids on oxidative stress, migration, proliferation, and viability of lens epithelial cells (LECs).

SAMPLE Lens capsules or cultured LECs obtained from canine cadavers.

PROCEDURES An antioxidant reductive capacity assay was used to determine reducing capability of each substance. The LECs were cultured and incubated with various substances, including N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), when appropriate, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as positive and vehicle control substances, respectively. A dichlorofluorescein assay was used to evaluate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used to determine cell viability. Ex vivo posterior capsule opacification (PCO) was used to evaluate LEC migration and proliferation.

RESULTS Antioxidant reductive effects of GSE surpassed those of NAC, lutein, and fish oil containing omega-3 fatty acids. The GSE reduced ROS production in LECs, compared with the DMSO vehicle control, whereas lutein was pro-oxidative. All test substances reduced cell viability. Ex vivo PCO was not altered by GSE, was decreased by lutein, and was increased by fish oil containing omega-3 fatty acids, compared with results for the DMSO vehicle control.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Only GSE had significant antioxidant capabilities and reduced ROS production; however, no effect on ex vivo PCO was detected. Fish oil containing omega-3 fatty acids increased ex vivo PCO. No conclusions could be made regarding antioxidant effects of these substances on LECs. These findings suggested that the substances will not decrease PCO.
Transit Points in "Syrian" Migration (1880–1914)—Transit at the Heart of Migration History
Authors: Regnard Céline
Published: June 2018

La recherche présentée ici vise à compléter les connaissances actuelles sur la migration syrienne entre le Liban et les Etats-Unis à la fin du XIXe siècle et au début du XXe siècle. En particulier, elle propose de porter l’accent sur les phases de transit entre deux étapes du voyage dans des villes françaises (Marseille, Le Havre) et Américaines (New York). Dans une perspective comparatiste, l’accent est porté sur le développement d’une économie du transit, sur les diverses formes d’accueil dans ces villes et bien sûr sur les risques encourus par les migrants lors de ces séjours. Mais le questionnement s’élargit plus généralement à l’idée de la construction de savoir-faire individuels, familiaux ou collectifs face à ces risques.
The research presented here is intended to complement current knowledge about "Syrian" migration between Lebanon and the United States in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. In particular, it focuses on transit cities in the journey to the US: two are French (Marseille and Le Havre) and one is American (New York). Using a comparative approach, the research examines the development of an economy of passage, the various ways immigrants were received in these cities, and the risks incurred by migrants during these transitory stays. More generally, this research explores how individuals and families build collective knowledge in the face of such risks
Endemic Vascular Plants of Marble and Serpentine Parent Materials in Semiarid Grassland
Authors: Dölarslan Melda , Gül Ebru , Erşahin Sabit
Published: June 2018

Endemism is an important criterion for identification of floristic regions and determination of floristic properties of these regions. Turkey is one of the world‘s major countries in terms of endemism over 3.000 endemic plant species. This study was carried out in order to determine the floristic composition and endemic plant species on the serpentine and marble (metamorphic rocks) parent material in semi-arid garssland in Çankırı-Eldivan. For this reason plant samples were collected in different growing season in 2014 (month of between April- September), approximately 4ha (Marble, 3.88 ha; Serpentine, 0.08 ha) area in Çankırı-Eldivan. Study area is located A4 square according to the grid system of P.H. Davis (1965-1988) and Irano-Turanian region in phytogeographic respect. As a result of the plant sampling carried out in the area; 16 families, 27 genera, 31 species determined in serpentine parent material. Among of these plants 9 of them are endemic plant. Endemism rate of the serpentine area is 29%. In addition, 20 families, 58 genera, 72 species of plants have been identified in marble parent material and 14 plant taxa of these species endemic. Endemism ratio is 19%. Results of this study showed that parent material effects of plant diversity and endemism ratio.
Modelling Energy Consumption, Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Economic Growth Nexus in Ethiopia: Evidence from Cointegration and Causality Analysis
Authors: Hundie Shemelis Kebede
Published: June 2018

Policy makers need to know the relationship among energy use, economic growth and environmental quality in order to formulate rigorous policy for economic growth and environmental sustainability. This study analyzes the nexus among energy consumption, affluence, financial development, trade openness, urbanization, population and CO2 emissions in Ethiopia using data from 1970–2014. The ARDL cointegration results show that cointegration exists among the variables. Energy consumption, population, trade openness and economic growth have positive impact on CO2 in the long-run while economic growth squared reduces CO2 emissions which confirms that the EKC hypothesis holds in Ethiopia. In the short-run urbanization and energy consumption intensify environmental degradation. Toda-Yamamoto granger causality results indicate the bi-directional causality between energy consumption and CO2 emissions, CO2 emissions and urbanization. Financial development, population and urbanization cause economic growth while economic growth causes CO2 emissions. Causality runs from energy consumption to financial development, urbanization and population which in turn cause economic growth. From the result, CO2 emissions extenuation policy in Ethiopia should focus on environmentally friendly growth, enhancing consumption of cleaner energy, incorporating the impact of population, urbanization, trade and financial development.