bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selenium Biomarkers and Their Relationship to Insulin Resistance in Women With Obesity
Authors: Soares Tamires da Cunha , Cardoso Bruna Emanuele Pereira , Dias Thaline Milany Silva , Morais Jennifer Beatriz Silva , Fontenelle Larissa Cristina , Melo Stéfany Rodrigues Sousa , Santos Loanne Rocha dos , Sousa Thayanne Gabryelle Visgueira , Sousa Mickael Paiva , Oliveira Emyle Horrana Serafim , Oliveira Francisco Erasmo , Henriques Gilberto Simeone , Marreiro Dilina do Nascimento
Published: September 2023

Several studies have shown the importance of selenium in preventing relevant metabolic disorders associated with obesity, such as chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance. However, the results of these studies are still controversial. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate selenium biomarkers and their relationship to insulin resistance in women with obesity. This cross-sectional study included 213 women who were divided in two groups: case group (women with obesity, n = 84) and control group (eutrophic women, n = 129). Selenium intake were obtained from the 3-day food record. Evaluation of selenium in plasma, erythrocyte and urine was performed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Serum glucose concentrations were determined according to the colorimetric enzymatic method. Fasting insulin and glycated hemoglobin were analyzed according to the chemiluminescence method. The mean values of dietary selenium intake (µg/kg/day) by women with obesity were lower than the control group (p < 0.001). Plasma and erythrocyte concentrations had reduced values in the individuals with obesity (p < 0.001), while selenium concentrations found in urine were higher (p < 0.001). There was no statistical difference between the groups regarding glycemic control parameters (p > 0.05). There was a positive correlation between dietary selenium intake (µg/day), fasting insulin, glycated hemoglobin and HOMA-β, as well as between dietary intake (µg/kg/day), fasting insulin and HOMA-β (p < 0.05). The evaluated women with obesity present alterations in the nutritional status regarding selenium. In addition, it evidences a positive relationship between dietary selenium and markers of glycemic control, which may reflect the possible negative action of selenium on insulin action signaling.
Predicting the risk and speed of drug resistance emerging in soil-transmitted helminths during preventive chemotherapy
Authors: Coffeng Luc , Stolk Wilma , de Vlas Sake J.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Control of soil-transmitted helminths (STH) relies heavily on regular large-scale deworming of high-risk groups (e.g., children) with benzimidazole derivatives. Although drug resistance has not yet been documented in human STH, regular deworming of cattle and sheep has led to widespread benzimidazole resistance in veterinary helminths.
METHODS: Using a newly developed individual-based model, we predict the population dynamics of human STH infections and drug resistance during regular preventive chemotherapy (PC). We do this for a 20-year time period, considering different PC strategies and genetic mechanisms behind resistance.
RESULTS: More intense PC strategies increase the prospects of STH elimination, but also increase selective pressure and thus the speed at which drug efficacy declines, especially when implementing community-based PC (population-wide deworming) instead of school-based PC (children only). The risk of resistance is highest when resistance is monogenic, especially with co-dominant or dominant inheritance.
DISCUSSION: Even with the current PC strategy of mainly targeting children in schools, drug resistance may evolve within a decade. More intensive PC strategies would even further increase the risk and speed of resistance emerging. As such, our findings are timely and highlight the need to develop and implement strategies to monitor and mitigate the evolution of benzimidazole resistance.
Impact of Left Ventricular Inflow-Outflow Angle on Heart Failure Readmission Post- Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Tsuda Masaki , Egami Yasuyuki , Kawanami Shodai , Kawamura Akito , Ukita Kohei , Yasumoto Koji , Okamoto Naotaka , Matsunaga-Lee Yasuharu , Yano Masamichi , Nishino Masami
Published: September 2023

Purpose
Heart failure (HF) readmission post-transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is common; however, its anatomical predictors remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the impact of the left ventricular inflow-outflow (LVIO) angle, evaluated using computed tomography, on HF readmission post-TAVI.
Methods
Consecutive patients who underwent transfemoral TAVI for native tricuspid aortic stenosis without histories of valve surgery or bicuspid aortic valve were assessed. The included patients were dichotomized into the small and large LVIO groups based on a mean systolic LVIO angle. The incidence of HF readmission within 1 year post-TAVI was compared between the two groups, in addition to patients’ and procedural characteristics and performance of transcatheter heart valves. Cox regressions were performed to identify predictors of HF readmission.
Results
Of 163 patients, 70 (43%) patients were classified as the small LVIO group. Additionally, 9 (5.5%) were readmitted for HF, and 7 (4.3%) died within 1 year post-TAVI. The small LVIO group had a significantly higher rate of HF readmission within 1 year post-TAVI than the large LVIO group (8 [11.4%] vs. 1 [1.1%], p < 0.01). However, the transvalvular mean gradient and residual aortic regurgitation post-TAVI did not differ between the two groups. Cox proportional hazard regression demonstrated that a small systolic LVIO angle was an independent predictor of HF readmission within 1 year post-TAVI (hazard ratio, 10.70; 95% confidence interval, 1.32–86.87; p = 0.03).
Conclusion
A small systolic LVIO angle was associated with HF readmission within 1 year post-TAVI. Patients with a small systolic LVIO angle may require close follow-up post-TAVI.
Control of Static Friction by Designing Grooves on Friction Surface
Authors: Iwashita Wataru , Matsukawa Hiroshi , Otsuki Michio
Published: September 2023

This study numerically investigated the friction of viscoelastic objects with grooves. A 3D viscoelastic block with grooves on a rigid substrate is slowly pushed from the lateral side under uniform pressure on the top surface. The local friction force at the interface between the block and the substrate obeys Amontons’ law. Numerical results obtained using the finite element method reveal that the static friction coefficient decreases with increasing groove width and depth. The propagation of the precursor slip is observed before bulk sliding. Furthermore, bulk sliding occurs when the area of slow precursor slip reaches a critical value, which decreases with increasing groove size. A theoretical analysis based on a simplified model reveals that the static friction coefficient is related to the critical area of the precursor, which is determined by the instability of the precursor. A scaling law for the critical area is theoretically predicted, and it indicates that the decrease in the effective viscosity due to the formation of the grooves leads to a decrease in the static friction coefficient. The validity of the theoretical prediction is numerically confirmed.
A Local-Global Feature Fusion Model For Aspect-Based Sentiment Classification
Authors: Mao GuoJun , Zhu JunXiong , Wang YongPeng , Jiang ChunMao
Published: September 2023

The goal of aspect-based sentiment analysis is to predict the emotional polarity of a specific aspect within a sentence. However, while most current research in this area focuses on modeling context and extracting features, it often fails to consider the contextual information of aspect words, which can negatively impact the overall classification performance of the model. To address this issue, we propose a new aspect sentiment analysis model called LGFF-BERT, which is based on the fusion of local and global features using BERT. Our model includes a local feature extraction module and a global feature extraction module. We use two masking matrices to extract local contextual information between aspect words and context based on the semantic relevance distance (SRD), and extract global feature information through multi-head attention and point-wise convolution. Additionally, we incorporate an RFF residual module to reduce information loss during feature fusion. We evaluated our model using three common ABSA datasets: the SemEval-2014 laptop and restaurant datasets, as well as the ACL Twitter dataset. Our experimental results show that LGFF-BERT outperforms the baseline model significantly. Furthermore, through ablation experiments and parameter selection, we demonstrate the significance and effectiveness of our model design.
Extraction, Phytochemical profile and Neuroprotective Activity of Phyllanthus emblica Fruit Extract Against Sodium Valproate-Induced Postnatal Autism in BALB/c Mice via modulation of 5-HT1D, 5-HT2A, D2 receptor protein, oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers
Authors: Gouda Balaji , Sinha Sukesh Narayan , Sangaraju Rajendra , Shashikala Patangay , Surekha Venkata Mullapudi , Mungamuri Sathish Kumar , Patil Pradeep B , Chary Periketi Madhusudhana , Sinha Rohan
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction of amla (EAFA) extract against sodium valproate or valproic acid (VPA)-induced autism in postnatal BALB/c mice and explore its mechanism of action on serotonergic and dopaminergic systems as well as oxidative stress. In this in vitro study, EAFA extract had a higher total antioxidant activity than the 70% methanol amla extract by the ferric-reducing antioxidant power test (FRAP), and the EAFA extract showed more potent NO free radical scavenging activity than the 70% methanol amla extract. In this study, phytochemical constituents were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE from the EAFA extract, as a result, major compounds were quantified by using UPLC-MS/MS analysis. In the present in vivo study, treated with EAFA extract 100 mg/kg BW from postnatal day13 (PND13) to PND 40 against VPA-induced postnatal autism (VPA single dose 400 mg/kg BW s.c. PND 14). All experimental groups were subjected to batteries of behavioural parameters from PND 23 to PND 40, and all animals were sacrificed on PND 41. The brain was isolated for further analysis, such as biochemical analysis, pro-inflammatory markers, histopathological analysis, IHC and western blot analysis. The VPA-alone group showed significantly increased the disease hallmarks in autism-like disease markers and pathogenesis compared to the control group. Our study highlights the protective effect of EAFA extract on improving behavioural alterations, significantly restore the anti-oxidative enzymes such as GST, GR and reduced the MDA and NO levels. Furthermore, the EAFA treated group significantly lowering the pro-inflammatory markers (IL-1β and TNF-α), and the expression of up-regulated 5-HT1D, 5-HT2A, and D2 receptor proteins. Based on histopathological studies, the percentage of neuronal injury in the EAFA-treated group was reduced. According to this study's findings, EAFA extract's ameliorating activity is due to its anti-oxidant and neuroprotective efficacy against VPA-induced autism.
Comparative study on the magnetic properties of Fe-substituted Co2Sn1-xFexO4 spinel oxides and its exchange bias effect
Authors: Ali Wajahat , Xinghan Chen , Hongxia Yin , Zhilong Zheng , Songliu Yuan
Published: September 2023

Herein, we report the Fe-substituted Co2Sn1 − xFexO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) inverse spinel’s oxide using the solid-state reaction method. X-ray reveals the single-phase cubic structure with space group Fd3m. With increasing Fe in Co2Sn1 − xFexO4 spinel oxide, the transition temperature rise. The ac susceptibility at different frequencies also confirms a spin-glassy state at lower temperatures. The strong exchange bias effect appears in the sample having Fe substitution (x = 0.2) under the presence of constant temperature ~ 10 K. The high-temperature susceptibility of Curie-Wise fitting shows that the system changes from antiferromagnetic exchange (x < 0.2) to ferromagnetic exchange (x > 0.2).
Paremia: Proverb Geocoding and Linguistic Path Mining
Authors: Pavlopoulos John , Louridas Panos
Published: September 2023

Proverbs carry wisdom transferred orally from generation to generation. Based on the place they were recorded, this study organised more than one hundred thousand Greek proverbs into a machine-actionable dataset, which we analysed using linguistic distance as our lens. By focusing on the most widespread proverbs, our analysis showed that proverbs transferred not only over time but also spatially, existing exactly the same in different, far away locations. In order to study the travels of proverbs, we devised an algorithm based on the shortest linguistic path and the reverse triangular inequality, which we applied to the most widespread proverb, discussing our findings. By focusing on the least widespread proverbs, we benchmarked geographical attribution, using text classification and text geocoding. Our classification results showed that although this is a challenging task (33% in macro-averaged F1), proverbs of specific areas can be attributed with more than 80% F1. They also showed that in this task, transformer-based transfer learning can be outperformed by standard machine learning on top of frequency-based features. The same finding stands for the relatively easier latitudinal prediction in proverb geocoding. Finally, by using important features as a means, we presented words moving our regression predictions toward the east, west, south, and north.
Beds in Health Facilities in the Italian Regions: A Socio-Economic Approach
Authors: Leogrande Angelo , Costantiello Alberto , Leogrande Domenico , Anobile Fabio
Published: September 2023

In this article, we consider the determinants of the beds in healthcare facilities-BEDS in the Italian regions between 2004 and 2022. We use the ISTAT-BES database. We use different econometric techniques i.e.: Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, Pooled Ordinary Least Squares-OLS, Weighted Least Squares-WLS, and Dynamic Panel at 1 Stage. The results show that the level of BEDS is positively associated, among others, to "General Doctors with a Number of Clients over the Threshold" and "Life Satisfaction", and negatively associated among others, to "Trust in Parties" and "Positive Judgment on Future Prospects". Furthermore, we apply a clusterization with the k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette Coefficient and we find the presence of two clusters in terms of BEDS. Finally, we make a confrontation among eight machine-learning algorithms and we find that the best predictor is the ANN-Artificial Neural Network.
JEL CODE: I11, I12, I13, I14, I15, I18
Attenuating dynamics of strongly interacting fermionic superfluids in SYK solvable models
Authors: Zhou Tian-Gang , Zhang Pengfei
Published: September 2023

Quench dynamics of fermionic superfluids are an active topic both experimentally and theoretically. Using the BCS theory, such non-equilibrium problems can be reduced to nearly independent spin dynamics, only with a time-dependent mean-field pairing term. This results in persisting oscillations of the pairing strength in certain parameter regimes. However, experiments have observed that the oscillations decay rapidly when the interaction becomes strong, such as in the unitary Fermi gas [Phys. Rev. Res. 3, 023205 (2021)]. Theoretical analysis on this matter is still absent. In this work, we construct an SYK-like model to analyze the effect of strong interactions in a one-dimensional BCS system. We employ the large-NN approximation and a Green’s function-based technique to solve the equilibrium problem and quench dynamics. Our findings reveal that a strong SYK interaction suppresses the pairing order. Additionally, we verify that the system quickly thermalizes with SYK interactions, whether it involves intrinsic pairing order or proximity effect, resulting in a rapid decay of the oscillation strength. The decay rates exhibit different scaling laws against SYK interaction, which can be understood in terms of the Boltzmann equation. This work represents a first step towards understanding the attenuating dynamics of strongly interacting fermionic superfluids.
Evaluation of the sustainability of groundwater irrigation development in Tejakula and Kubu Districts
Authors: Susrusa Ketut Budi , Widhianthini Widhianthini , Wijayanti Putu Udayani , Yuliadhi Ketut Ayu
Published: September 2023

The Sustainable Agricultural Irrigation Development Project in Buleleng and Karangasem (SDIABKA) is project activities aim to increase community access to irrigation infrastructure and facilities needed to support increased agricultural productivity and food subregional security in north-east Bali. Institutional developmentof tubwell users group (TUG) have been carried out which in turn will be able to support the management of efficient and sustainable groundwater irrigation facilities both economically and environmentally.It is very important to be known the sustainability of the project such as: Financial independence of the irrigation system, irrigation water supply, and the sustainability status. This valuable experience of developing groundwater irrigation is useful for lesson learned. The target population in this study is 24 SDIABKA TUGs. The TUGs located is in 9 villages in Tejakula and 3 villages in Kubu District.
Effects of Embodiment in Virtual Reality for Treatment of Chronic Pain: Pilot Open-Label Study
Authors: Saby Adam , Alvarez Anthony , Smolins David , Petros James , Nguyen Lincoln , Trujillo Michael , Aygün Oytun
Published: September 2023

Background

Chronic pain has long been a major health burden that has been addressed through numerous forms of pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment. One of the tenets of modern medicine is to minimize risk while providing efficacy. Further, because of its noninvasive nature, virtual reality (VR) provides an attractive platform for potentially developing novel therapeutic modalities.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of a novel VR-based digital therapy for the treatment of chronic pain.

Methods

An open-label study assessed the feasibility of using virtual embodiment in VR to treat chronic pain. In total, 24 patients with chronic pain were recruited from local pain clinics and completed 8 sessions of a novel digital therapeutic that combines virtual embodiment with graded motor imagery to deliver functional rehabilitation exercises over the course of 4 weeks. Pain intensity as measured by a visual analog scale before and after each virtual embodiment training session was used as the primary outcome measure. Additionally, a battery of patient-reported pain questionnaires (Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire) were administered before and after 8 sessions of virtual embodiment training as exploratory outcome measures to assess if the measures are appropriate and warrant a larger randomized controlled trial.

Results

A 2-way ANOVA on session × pre- versus postvirtual embodiment training revealed that individual virtual embodiment training sessions significantly reduced the intensity of pain as measured by the visual analog scale (P<.001). Perceived disability due to lower back pain as measured by the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire significantly improved (P=.003) over the 4-week course of virtual embodiment regimen. Improvement was also observed on the helplessness subscale of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (P=.02).

Conclusions

This study provides evidence that functional rehabilitation exercises delivered in VR are safe and may have positive effects on alleviating the symptoms of chronic pain. Additionally, the virtual embodiment intervention may improve perceived disability and helplessness of patients with chronic pain after 8 sessions. The results support the justification for a larger randomized controlled trial to assess the extent to which virtual embodiment training can exert an effect on symptoms associated with chronic pain.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04060875; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04060875
Predicting the Risk of Sleep Disorders Using a Machine Learning–Based Simple Questionnaire: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Ha Seokmin , Choi Su Jung , Lee Sujin , Wijaya Reinatt Hansel , Kim Jee Hyun , Joo Eun Yeon , Kim Jae Kyoung
Published: September 2023

Background

Sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea (COMISA), and insomnia are common and can have serious health consequences. However, accurately diagnosing these conditions can be challenging as a result of the underrecognition of these diseases, the time-intensive nature of sleep monitoring necessary for a proper diagnosis, and patients’ hesitancy to undergo demanding and costly overnight polysomnography tests.

Objective

We aim to develop a machine learning algorithm that can accurately predict the risk of OSA, COMISA, and insomnia with a simple set of questions, without the need for a polysomnography test.

Methods

We applied extreme gradient boosting to the data from 2 medical centers (n=4257 from Samsung Medical Center and n=365 from Ewha Womans University Medical Center Seoul Hospital). Features were selected based on feature importance calculated by the Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) method. We applied extreme gradient boosting using selected features to develop a simple questionnaire predicting sleep disorders (SLEEPS). The accuracy of the algorithm was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve.

Results

In total, 9 features were selected to construct SLEEPS. SLEEPS showed high accuracy, with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of greater than 0.897 for all 3 sleep disorders, and consistent performance across both sets of data. We found that the distinction between COMISA and OSA was critical for accurate prediction. A publicly accessible website was created based on the algorithm that provides predictions for the risk of the 3 sleep disorders and shows how the risk changes with changes in weight or age.

Conclusions

SLEEPS has the potential to improve the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders by providing more accessibility and convenience. The creation of a publicly accessible website based on the algorithm provides a user-friendly tool for assessing the risk of OSA, COMISA, and insomnia.
Movement Component Analysis of Reaching Strategies in Individuals With Stroke: Preliminary Study
Authors: Ota Hirofumi , Mukaino Masahiko , Inoue Yukari , Matsuura Shoh , Yagi Senju , Kanada Yoshikiyo , Saitoh Eiichi , Otaka Yohei
Published: September 2023

Background

Upper limb motor paresis is a major symptom of stroke, which limits activities of daily living and compromises the quality of life. Kinematic analysis offers an in-depth and objective means to evaluate poststroke upper limb paresis, with anticipation for its effective application in clinical settings.

Objective

This study aims to compare the movement strategies of patients with hemiparesis due to stroke and healthy individuals in forward reach and hand-to-mouth reach, using a simple methodology designed to quantify the contribution of various movement components to the reaching action.

Methods

A 3D motion analysis was conducted, using a simplified marker set (placed at the mandible, the seventh cervical vertebra, acromion, lateral epicondyle of the humerus, metacarpophalangeal [MP] joint of the index finger, and greater trochanter of the femur). For the forward reach task, we measured the distance the index finger’s MP joint traveled from its starting position to the forward target location on the anterior-posterior axis. For the hand-to-mouth reach task, the shortening of the vertical distance between the index finger MP joint and the position of the chin at the start of the measurement was measured. For both measurements, the contributions of relevant upper limb and trunk movements were calculated.

Results

A total of 20 healthy individuals and 10 patients with stroke participated in this study. In the forward reach task, the contribution of shoulder or elbow flexion was significantly smaller in participants with stroke than in healthy participants (mean 52.5%, SD 24.5% vs mean 85.2%, SD 4.5%; P<.001), whereas the contribution of trunk flexion was significantly larger in stroke participants than in healthy participants (mean 34.0%, SD 28.5% vs mean 3.0%, SD 2.8%; P<.001). In the hand-to-mouth reach task, the contribution of shoulder or elbow flexion was significantly smaller in participants with stroke than in healthy participants (mean 71.8%, SD 23.7% vs mean 90.7%, SD 11.8%; P=.009), whereas shoulder girdle elevation and shoulder abduction were significantly larger in participants with stroke than in healthy participants (mean 10.5%, SD 5.7% vs mean 6.5%, SD 3.0%; P=.02 and mean 16.5%, SD 18.7% vs mean 3.0%, SD 10.4%; P=.02, respectively).

Conclusions

Compared with healthy participants, participants with stroke achieved a significantly greater distance via trunk flexion in the forward reach task and shoulder abduction and shoulder girdle elevation in the hand-to-mouth reach task, both of these differences are regarded as compensatory movements. Understanding the characteristics of individual motor strategies, such as dependence on compensatory movements, may contribute to tailored goal setting in stroke rehabilitation.
The Significance of Hematuria in Podocytopathies
Authors: Marchel Dorota , Trachtman Howard , Larkina Maria , Helmuth Margaret , Lai Yee Jennifer Y. , Fermin Damian , Bomback Andrew S. , Canetta Pietro A. , Gipson Debbie S. , Mottl Amy K. , Parekh Rulan S. , Saha Manish K. , Sampson Matthew G. , Lafayette Richard A. , Mariani Laura H. ,   Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network (NEPTUNE) and Cure Glomerulonephropathy (CureGN)
Published: September 2023

Background

Hematuria is frequently present in podocytopathies, but its significance and prognostic value is not well described in these proteinuric kidney diseases. This study describes the prevalence and association between hematuria and kidney-related outcomes in these disorders.

Methods

Hematuria was assessed at the initial urinalysis in participants with the following podocytopathies—membranous nephropathy, minimal change disease, and FSGS—in the Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network and Cure Glomerulonephropathy cohorts with >24 months of follow-up. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were fit for time to composite outcome (kidney failure or 40% decline in eGFR and eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and proteinuria remission (urine protein-to-creatinine ratio [UPCR] <0.3 mg/mg).

Results

Among the 1516 adults and children in the study, 528 participants (35%) had FSGS, 499 (33%) had minimal change disease, and 489 (32%) had membranous nephropathy. Median (interquartile range) time from biopsy until the initial study urinalysis was 260 (49–750) days, and 498 participants (33%) were positive for hematuria. Participants with hematuria compared with those without were older (37 [16–55] versus 33 [12–55] years), more likely to have an underlying diagnosis of membranous nephropathy (44% versus 27%), had shorter time since biopsy (139 [27–477] versus 325 [89–878] days), and had higher UPCR (3.8 [1.4–8.0] versus 0.9 [0.1–3.1] g/g). After adjusting for diagnosis, age, sex, UPCR, eGFR, time since biopsy, and study cohort, hematuria was associated with a higher risk of reaching the composite outcome (hazard ratio, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 1.65; P value, 0.02) and lower rate of reaching proteinuria remission (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.65 to 0.98; P value, 0.03).

Conclusions

Hematuria is prevalent among participants with the three podocytopathies and is significantly and independently associated with worse kidney-related outcomes, including both progressive loss of kidney function and remission of proteinuria.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ERECTOR SPINAE PLANE BLOCK VERSUS SYSTEMIC ANALGESIA FOR INTERLOCKING NAIL IN INTERTROCHANTERIC FRACTURE OF FEMUR: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED INTERVENTIONAL STUDY
Authors: MANGAL VANDANA , MEENA KHUSHBOO , MEENA CHANDRASHEKAR , MISTRY TUHIN
Published: September 2023

Objective: The geriatric population is prone to multiple comorbidities, and their fragile bones and unsteadiness make them susceptible to fractures, commonly observed in the wrist and proximal end of the femur. Internal fixation of fractures under central neuraxial block allows for early mobilization. However, the presence of comorbidities in elderly patients puts them at higher risk for anesthesia and surgery.

Methods: To manage postoperative pain following surgery for proximal femur fracture, opioid-sparing multimodal analgesia techniques are employed. Regional anesthesia techniques such as fascia iliaca block, femoral nerve block, and quadratuslumborum block are utilized as part of a multimodal approach. Pain is subjective, and the inability to communicate does not negate the need for appropriate pain relief.

Results: Postoperative pain, if poorly managed, can result in complications, prolonged recovery, and chronic pain with reduced quality of life. Effective pain relief enhances patient satisfaction, reduces hospital stays and costs. Inadequate pain control activates the sympathetic nervous system, increases hormonal response, and contributes to adverse events. Opioids, though common, pose risks and adverse effects.

Conclusion: The erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is a safe and easy-to-perform technique for postoperative pain management. It involves ultrasound-guided deposition of local anesthetic, allowing effective spread. Previous studies have shown its effectiveness for thoracic pain relief. This study evaluated lumbar ESPB and compared it with systemic analgesics in terms of ease of positioning and postoperative pain control.
COMPARISION OF AUTOLOGOUS PLATELET GEL AND CONVENTIONAL DRESSING IN THE HEALING OF CHRONIC WOUNDS
Authors: REDDY D. VENKATESHWAR , TEJASWI CHADA
Published: September 2023

Objective: The aim of the present research is to compare the effectiveness of autologous platelet gel with conventional technique for epithelialization and wound reduction in chronic wounds.
Methods: The out-patient who attended on regular basis for the treatment or those who were admitted as inpatients for the management of chronic wounds in a tertiary care teaching hospital from October 2019 to October 2021 were included in the study. A total of 120 patients were examined; 60 cases received betadine dressing for chronic wounds and 60 cases were randomly selected for investigation with autologous platelet gel.
Results: Autologous platelet gel demonstrated quicker and better rates of healing in the present study. In the study group, the mean area wound reduction was statistically significant. The study group has no negative side effects or responses from using autologous platelet gel.
Conclusion: This study provided solid evidence that autologous platelet gel dressings are a safe and affordable way to speed up the healing of chronic wounds while lowering hospital costs and morbidity.
CORRELATION OF N-TERMINAL PRO-BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE (NT PRO BNP) WITH SERUM FERRITIN AND NUMBER OF BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS IN THALASSEMIA PATIENTS-A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: DUTT APARNA , KARIYAPPA MALLESH , RANGEGOWDA RAVICHANDRA KOTHUR
Published: September 2023

Objective: Thalassemia is a genetic disorder of globin chain production in which there is an imbalance between alpha globin and beta globin chain production. Thalassemia patients require frequent blood transfusions to maintain adequate tissue oxygenation, which can cause a state of iron overload. NT pro BNP is a sensitive biomarker to detect cardiac iron overload. Our objective of this study was to estimate the level of NTproBNP in beta-thalassemia patients and to find out the correlation of NT pro BNP with serum ferritin levels and the number of blood transfusions.Methods: 50 thalassemic patients aged below 18 y with no known cardiac comorbidities were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The correlation between the levels of NT-pro BNP with serum ferritin and number of blood transfusions and chelation therapy was measured.Results: This study demonstrated that the levels of NT Pro BNP were elevated in thalassemia patients with a positive correlation with serum ferritin values and the number of blood transfusions which the patients received.Conclusion: This Study also concluded that NT Pro BNP can be used as a biochemical marker used to detect early stages of cardiac failure and also to identify patients going for heart failure, especially in resource-limited settings.
Detección de COVID-19 en radiografías de tórax mediante aprendizaje profundo
Authors: Gómez Macedo Mauricio , Olveres Montiel Jimena , Fuentes Pineda Gibran , Escalante Ramírez Boris , Arámbula Cosio Fernando
Published: September 2023

La pandemia por la COVID-19 generó una gran cantidad de adelantos computacionales para el área médica, en especial en su modalidad a distancia. Por estas razones, los algoritmos computacionales han tenido una gran incidencia, en especial aquellos que pertenecen al área de inteligencia artificial (IA), siendo un ejemplo representativo las redes neuronales convolucionales (siglas en inglés CNN, Convolutional Neural Networks).
Este trabajo muestra el desarrollo de un sistema que apoya al diagnóstico de las enfermedades pulmonares generadas tanto por la COVID-19 como por la neumonía, mediante la implementación de una arquitectura de redes neuronales convolucionales aplicadas a imágenes de rayos X. El algoritmo que se presenta es capaz de distinguir si los pulmones se encuentran sanos o padecen alguna enfermedad como COVID-19 y neumonía.
La preeclampsia, el sistema inmune y la placenta
Authors: Fortoul van der Goes Teresa I.
Published: September 2023

The miracle of life is a topic that has been approached from different perspectives. Although budding human life is complex, perfect in its development program, it may go unnoticed by many. During medical practice there is an opportunity to care for and protect her. The recent knowledge about the early evolutionary stages of embryonic human life is astonishing. However, it is at this vulnerable stage of life that problems arise that can make the difference between life and death. Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy with deadly consequences for the mother and baby.
Oclusión Intestinal en paciente Renal Crónico secundario a Bezoar de Telas. Reporte de un Caso Clínico.
Authors: Valencia Martínez Jesús Gerardo , Ochoa Arias Pricila Viridiana , Espinoza Anguiano Walther , Reynoso González Ricardo , Ángeles Santillán Mariana , Aja Sixto Viridiana
Published: September 2023

The “bezoar” are conglomerates of inedible materials ingest¬ed voluntarily or involuntarily, which are not digested and are unable to pass through the intestinal tract. They mainly affect young women or adolescents who present the phenomenon called “pica”, despite the fact that a high prevalence of this phenomenon of “pica” has been registered in patients with chronic kidney disease, it has been little studied.
Clinical case: A 35-year-old male with CKD KDIGO-5 under¬going peritoneal dialysis treatment, which was found to have a transoperative “plastic bezoar” (laparotomy for intestinal occlusion) 10 cm from the ileocecal valve. The patient died due to complications of his pathology. Discussion: the clinical case raises the need to search for behaviors such as pica in patients with CKD, as well as to develop the suspicion to the surgeon, since patients generally hide or ignore reporting foreign material phagia.
Keywords: Plastic Bezoar, Intestinal Occlusion, Chronic Kidney Disease, pica, dialysis
Development of Pervious Paver Block Using Sugarcane Bagasse Ash & RAP Aggregates
Authors: Chauhan Shivam , Trivedi Dr. M. K.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This particular kind of concrete is distinguished by its interconnected pore structure and significant void content or porosity, which typically varies from 15 to 35% by volume. Pervious concrete may lower the danger of flooding, diminish stormwater runoff, reduce noise when in contact with automobile tires, and avoid glare and skidding during rainy seasons by allowing water to easily infiltrate through its pores and replenish the ground water table. Considering the condition of the neighboring roadways, a modest effort is undertaken to construct the least amount of porous paver concrete. For the planned Mix proportions, compression strength, void ratio, and infiltration tests were conducted. In the current study, 60mm thick pervious paver blocks for medium traffic with different RAP aggregate percentages and sugarcane bag ash are cast. This improves the compressive strength. RAP aggregates are a suitable material that may be utilized in place of natural and artificial aggregates in construction projects. The thesis shows how discarded sugarcane ash may be used again. Several experiments were conducted to evaluate the compressive strength, density test, porosity, and permeability of the planned paver block as well as its durability.
Polymeric Fiber based Composite Coatings
Authors: Pawar Sarika P. , Mahanwar Prof. Dr. P. A.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Environmental friendly products are becoming popular and acceptable in industries due to the global limitation to the amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released into the atmosphere. Low VOC compounds and technologies are also becoming a choice in the coatings and paint industry. Coatings can be made from water or solvent. In coatings from water, we use water as the solvent, therefore coating called waterbased coating and in the case of solvent-borne coatings, we used organic or inorganic compounds as solvents, therefore this coating called as solvent borne coating. Among all different types of solvents water is the greatest choice among these low VOC technologies for usage as a solvent to manufacture chemical compounds and Paints and coatings. because water is often recognized as a low-cost, safe, non-toxic, easily availabl sand ecologically friendly solvent. Also nanomaterials is new field in research and development of material science field. Materials can be one dimensional such as small paricles, materilas can be two dimensional such as fibers. Therefore in two-dimensional materials such as fibers ( micro and nanofibers) use in many different applications such as medical, composites, aerospace, Bulding constructions etc. Nanofiber has the advantage of high surface area to volume ratio hence to decrease the coating defects. micro and nanofibers should be incorporated inside the coating matrix. This way one can improve the properties of waterbased coatings. Hence low VOC solvent water with high surface area fiber is becoming a trend in composite coating and nanotechnology in fibers. This review provides information on Composite coatings, distinct fibers used in coatings and their applications, effects of different sizes of fibers such as micro and nanofibers on coatings
Multicollinearity in Multiple Linear Regression: Detection, Consequences, and Remedies
Authors: Upendra Siddamsetty , Abbaiah Dr. R. , Balasiddamuni Dr. P.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Multiple linear regression is a widely used statistical tool for modeling relationships between a dependent variable and multiple explanatory variables. However, it assumes that these explanatory variables are independent, which is not always the case in practical scenarios, leading to a phenomenon known as multicollinearity. Multicollinearity occurs when explanatory variables in a regression model are strongly correlated with each other, causing several issues in regression analysis. This paper discusses the detection and remedies for multicollinearity in detail. Detection methods include examining the determinant of the correlation matrix, inspecting correlation coefficients, using partial regression coefficients, calculating Variance Inflation Factors (VIFs), and assessing the condition number and condition index. These techniques help researchers identify the presence and severity of multicollinearity in their dataset. To address multicollinearity, several remedies are proposed, including obtaining more data, dropping collinear variables, using relevant prior information, employing generalized inverses, and employing principal component regression. Ridge regression, which introduces bias to reduce variance, is also discussed as an effective technique to combat multicollinearity. Understanding multicollinearity and employing appropriate detection and remediation strategies is crucial for obtaining reliable and meaningful results from multiple linear regression models
Validity of teaching modules based on local wisdom of macroscopic fungi and PjBL-oriented to improve scientific attitudes and science literacy
Authors: Sary Asti Lovina , Isnawati I. , Asri Mahanani Tri
Published: September 2023

One of the government's efforts to improve the quality of education in Indonesia is through curriculum changes. The independent curriculum prioritizes learning related to local wisdom. However, many teachers still need to implement learning in schools linked to the local wisdom of the area around students. This research aims to produce and validate a teaching module based on the local wisdom of macroscopic fungi at TAHURA Mojokerto with a Project-Based Learning (PjBL) orientation to improve scientific attitudes and science literacy. This development research was carried out using a 4D Thiagarajan Model. The analysis was carried out using a quantitative descriptive analysis technique. The data comes from the validation process by two expert lecturers. The results of the validity test of the learning plan obtained an average score of 3.56; the results of the validity test of learning media in the form of a macroscopic fungi herbarium, teaching materials "Kingdom Fungi", the Edible Mushroom booklet obtained an average score of 3.72; student worksheet validity test results received an average score of 3.52. The results of the recapitulation of validity data show a total score of 3.6 with a very valid category. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that teaching modules based on macroscopic fungi local wisdom at TAHURA Mojokerto are PjBL-oriented to improve scientific attitudes and science literacy worthy of being applied in Biology learning at school.
CENTRAL DE INFORMAÇÕES SOBRE A COVID-19 VIA WHATSAPP®: um relato de experiência
Authors: Santana Francisco Mariano Ramos
Published: September 2023

Objectives: To report the experience of participating as a volunteer in the extension project “Information Center on COVID-19 via WhatsApp®”, created with the aim of meeting the information demands of the population (health professionals and the community in general). Using the most popular social network among individuals of all ages as a tool to combat misinformation, due to the social network's wide reach, without carrying out any type of disclosure of personal data or the content of the participants' conversations. Experience Report: The project had a great social role by disseminating scientifically based information in an accessible way to residents of several municipalities in the state of Sergipe and other states and regions, providing guidance, clarifying doubts about how to deal with the health situation, inform about the epidemiological data of the pandemic (numbers of deaths and infected). Conclusion: Participating as a volunteer in the information center contributed to the development of leadership skills, interaction with the public, skills in using google drive and scientific research, in addition to adding knowledge about SARS-CoV-2 and the epidemiology of COVID -19. In addition, it was possible to help the community, contributing to the best popular information and combating the pandemic.
Effectiveness of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulations Oral Exercise in Hypo Salivation Among Type II Diabetic Patients Over Submandibular Glands
Authors: Kirupa K. , Divyamary S.M. , Nisha R. Nithya , Saraswath K , Kaviya , D.P. , Aishwarya B. , Lakshmi N. Nimisha , Swetha K.
Published: September 2023

This study was conducted to improve the patient's oral function, especially dry mouth (xerostomia) and infection. The aim of this study is to analyse the effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation vs. oral exercise in reducing hypo salivation among type II diabetic patients over the submandibular glands. The secretion of saliva is critical for oral health, digestion, prevention of infections, and the healing process. Hypo salivation is defined as a decrease in saliva in the mouth. It is the most common type II diabetic problem among adults and older people. It is estimated to occur in 10 of every 35 adults. Because of hypo salivation, Type II diabetic adults may experience infection, cavities, soreness, ulcers, a decrease in taste sensation, and difficulty in water balance. Hypo salivation leads to many complications that make the condition of the diabetic patient even worse. Hence, there is a wide need for treatment techniques to be searched for, and they must be applicable to all communities. There are various therapies to improve the salivary rate, but there is a need to analyse the technique that gives better outcomes with a short intervention with easy accessibility. The materials and method of this study follow a simple method and are evidenced with a noninvasive diagnostic tool. Saliometry by the low-spitting method was used to measure the salivary flow rate. The methodology was a comparative study design with a pre-post-test. Samples were selected from 40 volunteers based on inclusion criteria. Group A: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation, 8 sessions, 20 minutes each, twice a week for 4 weeks. Group B: Oral exercise, 16 sessions, 2 minutes each, in 3 sets for 4 weeks. At the end of 30 days of sessions, the salivary flow rate has increased from 0.36 to 1.03 ml/min and the SD from 0.12 to 0.91 for Group A, and from 0.34 to 0.56 ml/min and the SD from 0.2 to 0.4. The result concludes that both groups showed improvement, while group A, which received transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, was comparatively better than group B, which received oral exercise
Territórios em engendramento na Amazônia Brasileira: Resex Marinhas rumo ao “terrestre”
Authors: Teisserenc Maria José da SIlva Aquino , Teisserenc Pierre
Published: September 2023

Neste artigo são consideradas as reflexões sobre o “terrestre” como ator político em Latour (2017), sobre a ambientalização a partir de Leite Lopes (2006) e sobre a democracia para pensar a política em Lefort (1986), para analisar a situação dos municípios costeiros do estado do Pará - Curuçá e São João da Ponta - onde foram implantadas Reservas Extrativistas Marinhas em 2002. Com os dados levantados através de observações diretas, análise documental e entrevistas, procura-se então demonstrar como as mudanças trazidas pelas Resex podem ser relevantes em uma dinâmica de engendramento ilustrativa do envolvimento nesses processos de atores diversos, inclusive não humanos. As mudanças observadas resultaram da disponibilidade de instrumentos de ação pública - como o Plano de Manejo e o Conselho Deliberativo – apropriados coletivamente por técnicos, políticos e grupos locais, e da politização produzida no Conselho Deliberativo orientada pelo compromisso entre as comunidades usuárias da Resex, os técnicos e os políticos em ações participantes da emergência de novos territórios.