bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatially engineered nonlinearity in resonant metasurfaces
Authors: Fedotova Anna , Younesi Mohammadreza , Weissflog Maximilian , Arslan Dennis , Pertsch Thomas , Staude Isabelle , Setzpfandt Frank
Published: December 2022

Spatial engineering of the nonlinear susceptibility

χ

(
2
)

in resonant metasurfaces offers a new degree of freedom in the design of the far-field response of second-harmonic generation (SHG). We demonstrate this by applying electric field poling to lithium niobate (LN) thin films, which inverts the spontaneous polarization and thus the sign of

χ

(
2
)

. Metasurfaces fabricated in periodically poled LN films reveal the distinct influence of the

χ

(
2
)

-patterning on the spatial distribution of the second harmonic. This work is a first step toward far-field engineering of SHG in metasurfaces with electric field poling.
Multiplication and division of orbital angular momentum beams by Fermat’s spiral transformation
Authors: Zeng Zishuai , Pang Zihao , Pan Keming , Xu Jia , Zhao Daomu
Published: December 2022

Optical geometrical transformation is a novel and powerful tool to switch orbital angular momentum (OAM) states in modern optics. We demonstrate a scheme to operate multiplication and division in OAM by Fermat’s spiral transformation. The characteristics of the output beams in the case of integer and fraction OAM operations are presented in detail. Additionally, the power weight of the output OAM modes and the interference patterns of the output beams are reported to confirm the expected ability of OAM mode conversion by Fermat’s spiral transformation. We further investigate the evolution of OAM beams in operations theoretically and experimentally. This work provides a practical way to perform an optical transformation mapping on OAM beams. It can find application in optical communications with larger OAM mode numbers as well as quantum information in high-dimensional systems.
Ten simple rules for how you can help make your lab a better place as a graduate student or postdoc
Authors: Rillig Matthias C.
Published: December 2022

Lab teams are dynamic entities in which a lot depends on the principal investigator (PI) and the framework set by them. However, within these parameters, there is a lot of room for lab members to contribute to a happy and productive environment. Often doctoral students or postdocs (or other staff) may underestimate how much of a difference they can really make. Here are 10 simple rules on how to help make a lab a better place; these rules are mostly aimed at building better lab communities, where people help each other, look out for each other, and take an interest in critically questioning the status quo.
E-cigarette use and respiratory symptoms in residents of the United States: A BRFSS report
Authors: Varella Marcia H. , Andrade Olyn A. , Shaffer Sydney M. , Castro Grettel , Rodriguez Pura , Barengo Noël C. , Acuna Juan M.
Published: December 2022

Purpose

E-cigarettes are the most common type of electronic nicotine delivery system in the United States. E-cigarettes contain numerous toxic compounds that has been shown to induce severe structural damage to the airways. The objective of this study is to assess if there is an association between e-cigarette use and respiratory symptoms in adults in the US as reported in the BRFSS.

Methods

We analyzed data from 18,079 adults, 18–44 years, who participated at the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) in the year 2017. E-cigarette smoking status was categorized as current everyday user, current some days user, former smoker, and never smoker. The frequency of any respiratory symptoms (cough, phlegm, or shortness of breath) was compared. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analysis were used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results

The BRFSS reported prevalence of smoking e-cigarettes was 6%. About 28% of the participants reported any of the respiratory symptoms assessed. The frequency of reported respiratory symptoms was highest among current some days e-cigarette users (45%). After adjusting for selected participant’s demographic, socio-economic, and behavioral characteristics, and asthma and COPD status, the odds of reporting respiratory symptoms increased by 49% among those who use e-cigarettes some days (OR 1.49; 95% CI: 1.06–2.11), and by 29% among those who were former users (OR 1.29; 95% CI: 1.07–1.55) compared with those who never used e-cigarettes. No statistically significant association was found for those who used e-cigarettes every day (OR 1.41; 95% CI 0.96–2.08).

Conclusion

E-cigarettes cannot be considered as a safe alternative to aid quitting use of combustible traditional cigarettes. Cohort studies may shed more evidence on the association between e-cigarette use and respiratory diseases.
Satisfaction and continuance intention of blended learning from perspective of junior high school students in the directly-entering-socialism ethnic communities of China
Authors: Li Chunyu , Phongsatha Thanawan
Published: December 2022

Background

Blended learning in DESEC only started after the introduction of the internet in recent 5 years. However, there is still no research paying attention to this region, because the area is remote and research subjects are not easily accessible. This article has potential application value in helping the government and educational institutions to make decisions on blended learning strategies supporting poverty alleviation through education in poor and remote areas and ethnic region. The study will be the first to examine satisfaction and continuance intention of blended learning in the DESEC.

Objective

To identify junior high students’ perception of satisfaction and continuance intention for blended learning in DESEC.

To identify the strongest factors affecting junior high students’ satisfaction and continuance intention of blended learning in DESEC.

Methods

A subsample of 635 junior high students participated online survey with consent of their parents verbally in computer room in schools under teacher’s instruction. Data was coded and analyzed to generate descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Structural equation model was used to evaluate the model of satisfaction and continuance intention of blended learning.

Results

The level for evaluating students’ agreement on each of item were interpreted “agree” (3.76–3.89). The model explained variances (R2) of Continuance Intention, Satisfaction and Perceived usefulness were 0.665,0.766,0.718 respectively. Information quality, self-efficacy and confirmation directly and indirectly contribute to junior high students’ satisfaction with blended learning, which further confirmed their continuance intention of blended learning.

Conclusion

Information quality was the strongest factor affecting the junior high students’ continuance intention of using blended learning, while confirmation was the strongest factor affecting the junior high students’ satisfaction of using blended learning in DESEC. Junior high students do not have a strong and distinct perception on satisfaction and continuance intention for blended learning in DESEC.
A systematic exclusion induced by institutional ranking in engineering faculty hiring: Introducing a cycle of winners and losers
Authors: Ermagun Alireza , Erinne Jacquelyn
Published: December 2022

This study empirically investigates exclusion induced by institutional ranking in engineering faculty hiring and introduces a cycle of winners and losers formed by privileging graduates of high-ranked institutions in the U.S. higher education system. We analyze and visualize academic origin (i.e., institutions faculty graduated from) and destination (i.e., institutions faculty are hired at) of 5,356 tenure-track faculty in four engineering disciplines of Chemical, Civil, Electrical, and Mechanical at the top 20 and bottom 20 of the top 100 engineering institutions according to the 2022 U.S. News & World Report. Our findings indicate that the hiring of engineering faculty in the U.S. higher education system is skewed in favor of graduates from high-ranked institutions, regardless of the discipline. Concerning each engineering discipline, 78% of electrical, 76% of chemical, 71% of mechanical, and 67% of civil engineering faculty of top 20 ranked institutions have academic origins in the top 20 ranked institutions. This hiring practice fosters inequalities by excluding qualified candidates and cementing the ranking system as the sole factor of academic quality. We bring attention to the pitfalls stemming from the exclusion in the U.S. higher education system, including (1) financial resources, (2) faculty and student resources, (3) selectivity and self-selection, and (4) geography. The cascading effect of the ranking practice is the unintended consequence of inaugurating a virtuous and vicious cycle, which creates a cycle of winners and losers that is difficult to break. High-ranked institutions easily dominate and maintain their ascendancy status in the ranking system as benefactors of the virtuous cycle. Low-ranked institutions are entrapped in the vicious cycle that makes it nearly impossible to (1) attract and retain both students and faculty, (2) secure external funding, (3) obtain resources for new programs, and (4) advance engineering research. Unless the U.S. higher education system is intent on squandering talent, confirming the belief that diversity is symbolic, and cementing the ranking system as the sole factor of academic quality, we recommend faculty hiring beyond the standard sociodemographic indicators and academic origins in hiring decisions. A proactive, open-minded, and neutral approach to the faculty selection process void of decision-making based on affinity should be the central tenet of the selection committee.
Are some interoceptive sensibility components more central than others? Using item pool visualisation to understand the psychometric representation of interoception
Authors: Todd Jennifer , Swami Viren , Aspell Jane E. , Furnham Adrian , Horne George , Stieger Stefan
Published: December 2022

Interoception refers to the processing of stimuli originating within the body and is widely considered a multidimensional construct. However, there remains a lack of consensus regarding the definition and measurement of the subjective, self-reported component, referred to here as interoceptive sensibility. As a contribution to knowledge on the topic, we sought to examine the construct commonality and distinguishability of seven self-report measures of interoceptive sensibility using Item Pool Visualisation (IPV), an illustrative method that locates item pools from within the same dataset and illustrates these in the form of nested radar charts. Adults from the United Kingdom (N = 802) completed seven measures of interoceptive sensibility, and the data were subjected to IPV. Results demonstrated that, of the included measures, the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness-2 provided the closest and most precise measurement of the core interoceptive sensibility construct (i.e., core of the entire investigated item pool). The Body Awareness Questionnaire and the Private Body Consciousness Scale were also centrally located measures, while the Body Perception Questionnaire and the Body Responsiveness Scale appear to tap more distal aspects of the core construct. We discuss implications for interpreting complicated data patterns using measures of interoceptive sensibility and, more generally, for measuring the construct of interoceptive sensibility.
Training load, sports performance, physical and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective cohort of Swiss elite athletes
Authors: Karrer Yannis , Fröhlich Stefan , Iff Samuel , Spörri Jörg , Scherr Johannes , Seifritz Erich , Quednow Boris B. , Claussen Malte Christian
Published: December 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions have led to abrupt changes in the lives of elite athletes.

Objectives

The objective of this prospective cohort study was to examine training load, subjective sports performance, physical and mental health among Swiss elite athletes during a 6-month follow-up period starting with the first Swiss lockdown.

Methods

Swiss elite athletes (n = 203) participated in a repeated online survey evaluating health, training, and performance related metrics. After the first assessment during the first lockdown between April and May 2020, there were monthly follow-ups over 6 months.

Results

Out of 203 athletes completing the first survey during the first lockdown, 73 athletes (36%) completed all assessments during the entire 6-month follow-up period. Sports performance and training load decreased during the first lockdown and increased again at the beginning of the second lockdown in October 2020, while symptoms of depression and financial fears showed only a transient increase during the first lockdown. Self-reported injuries and illnesses did not change significantly at any timepoint in the study. Stricter COVID-19 restrictions, as measured by the Government Stringency Index (GSI), were associated with reduced subjective sports performance, as well as lower training intensity, increased financial fears, poorer coping with restrictions, and more depressive symptoms, as measured by the 9-item module of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).

Conclusion

This study revealed a negative impact of the COVID-19 restrictions on sports performance, training load and mental health among Swiss elite athletes, while the rate of self-reported injuries and illnesses remained unaffected.
Evaluation of the acute oral toxicity and antipsychotic activity of a dual inhibitor of PDE1B and PDE10A in rat model of schizophrenia
Authors: Al-Nema Mayasah , Gaurav Anand , Lee Ming Tatt , Okechukwu Patrick , Nimmanpipug Piyarat , Lee Vannajan Sanghiran
Published: December 2022

Phosphodiesterase 1B (PDE1B) and PDE10A are dual-specificity PDEs that hydrolyse both cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate, and are highly expressed in the striatum. Several reports have suggested that PDE10A inhibitors may present a promising approach for the treatment of positive symptoms of schizophrenia, whereas PDE1B inhibitors may present a novel mechanism to modulate cognitive deficits. Previously, we have reported a novel dual inhibitor of PDE1B and PDE10A, compound 2 [(3-fluorophenyl)(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-4-yl)methanone] which has shown inhibitory activity for human recombinant PDE1B and PDE10Ain vitro. In the present study, the safety profile of compound 2 has been evaluated in rats in the acute oral toxicity study, as well as; the antipsychotic-like effects in the rat model of schizophrenia. Compound 2 was tolerated up to 1 g/kg when administered at a single oral dose. Additionally, compound 2 has strongly suppressed ketamine-induced hyperlocomotion, which presented a model for the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. It has also shown an ability to attenuate social isolation induced by chronic administration of ketamine and enhanced recognition memory of rats ​in the novel object recognition test. Altogether, our results suggest that compound 2 represents a promising therapy for the treatment of the three symptomatic domains of schizophrenia.
Medication related problems among ambulatory patients with chronic kidney disease at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Legesse Eshetu Shiferaw , Muhammed Oumer Sada , Hamza Leja , Nasir Beshir Bedru , Nedi Teshome
Published: December 2022

Background

Medication related problem (MRP) is an event occurring, as a result, the medication therapy that actually or potentially interferes with desired health outcomes. Evidences reported that the prevalence of MRPs may result in a high burden of morbidity and decrease patients’ quality of life. The problem is more significant among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) as a decline in kidney function and increase number of medications required to treat kidney disease and its complications. Thus, this study aimed to assess MRPs and its associated factors among patients with chronic kidney disease.

Method

Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 248 adult ambulatory patients with CKD (stage 1–4) at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College. Data were collected through patient interview and medical chart review from 1st of June to 30th of August 2019. MRPs were identified based on the standard treatment guidelines. Cipolle MRPs classification was used to classify the MRPs and Micromedex® was used as drug interaction checker. Binary logistic regression was utilized to identify the associated factors and p value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Result

A total of 325 MRPs were identified from 204 (82.3%) study participants giving 1.6 MRPs per participant. One MRP was identified among 114 (55.9%) patients while two MRPs were identified among 64 (31.4%). The most common class of MRPs were need additional drugs 114 (35.1%) followed by non-compliance 54 (16.6%), unnecessary drug therapy 46 (14.2%) and dose too low 46 (14.2%). The two most common reasons for non-compliance were unaffordability of drugs 26(48.1%) and the lack of patient understanding about drug taking instruction 10 (18.5%). The study showed that only occupation (AOR = 5.2, 95% CI: 1.292–21.288, P = 0.020) and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor use (AOR = 6.6, 95% CI: 2.202–19.634, P = 0.001) had an association with the occurrence of MRPs.

Conclusion

The prevalence of MRPs among ambulatory patients with CKD was high and need of additional drug therapy was the commonest MRPs.
YAP inhibits HCMV replication by impairing STING-mediated nuclear transport of the viral genome
Authors: Lee Ju Hyun , Kwon Mookwang , Lim Woo Young , Yoo Chae Rin , Yoon Youngik , Han Dasol , Ahn Jin-Hyun , Yoon Keejung
Published: December 2022

YES-associated protein (YAP), a critical actor of the mammalian Hippo signaling pathway involved in diverse biological events, has gained increased recognition as a cellular factor regulated by viral infections, but very few studies have investigated their relationship vice versa. In this study, we show that YAP impairs HCMV replication as assessed by viral gene expression analysis and progeny assays, and that this inhibition occurs at the immediate-early stages of the viral life cycle, at the latest. Using YAP mutants lacking key functional domains and shRNA against TEAD, we show that the inhibitory effects of YAP on HCMV replication are nuclear localization- and TEAD cofactor-dependent. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and subcellular fractionation analyses reveal that YAP does not interfere with the viral entry process but inhibits transport of the HCMV genome into the nucleus. Most importantly, we show that the expression of stimulator of interferon genes (STING), recently identified as an important component for nuclear delivery of the herpesvirus genome, is severely downregulated by YAP at the level of gene transcription. The functional importance of STING is further confirmed by the observation that STING expression restores YAP-attenuated nuclear transport of the HCMV genome, viral gene expression, and progeny virus production. We also show that HCMV-upregulated YAP reduces expression of STING. Taken together, these findings indicate that YAP possesses both direct and indirect regulatory roles in HCMV replication at different infection stages.
On the literariness of working-class literature
Authors: Nilsson Magnus
Published: December 2022

This article argues that even if working-class literature has often been marginalized within literary studies, scholars interested in it – including scholars within the field of working-class studies – should not alienate themselves from that discipline. Instead, they should claim a space for the study of working-class literature within it. The main reason for this is that the insistence on working-class literature’s literariness will contribute to a more solid theorizing of it, which will also benefit its study within other contexts, such as working-class studies. The argument is based on a discussion of Swedish working-class poet Stig Sjödin (1917–93) and his reception by literary historians. Sjödin was active both on the book market and within the labour movement. However, the latter part of his oeuvre has been largely ignored within literary studies, which illustrates the narrow understanding of literature within the discipline. Drawing on theories put forward by Marjorie Perloff and Rita Felski, the article argues that the study of working-class and labour movement literature can function as a catalyst for challenging this understanding and for promoting a more inclusive conceptualization of literature and literary aesthetics.
Opening rehearsal rooms as a way of broadening access, demystifying the process and breaking barriers
Authors: Daly Dermot
Published: December 2022

Access to the theatre industry is often frustrated through lack of experience. Many theatre companies have a stated aim to widen participation in order to fully represent the communities and society that they work in. This study assesses how opening up access to the rehearsal room can embolden and accelerate change as well as encourage a multiplicity of routinely marginalized voices to speak and be heard. It seeks to ask whether opening access to the rehearsal room has benefits for participants, companies and the industry at large. In this context, opening the rehearsal room means to facilitate observation access for those not directly involved in the production. After a nascent, small-scale version of the observation offer, a questionnaire was circulated to those who were invited and/or actively participated in the observation offer with conclusions drawn from responses and other related contextualizing literature. The results suggest that the offer can help to increase participation, with suggestions as to how it can be fine-tuned in further, future iterations.
A cost of living: Dialectics of the Necrocene and securing the means of resistance
Authors: McIlroy Damian , McGeown Calum , Park Jaeim
Published: December 2022

This article introduces a new dialectical framework of the Necrocene, which presents a binary choice between two possible futures, immediate catastrophe or imminent utopias. The first future, immediate catastrophe, is post-capitalist and post-human underpinned by an adherence to business-as-usual capitalism. The second proposition imminent utopia is imagined as a post-capitalist and post-growth future defined by economics that are eco-socially balanced. Therefore, while the political status quo is predominantly concerned with scrambling to save capitalism and peddling the myth of green growth these dialectics quickly direct us to a profoundly different path. A path defined by a particular eco-socialist perspective on the need to transcend capitalism and its ecocidal growth imperative as a revolutionary necessity. Although this position is not in itself novel to radical socialist and ecological politics, the article finds that an intellectual preoccupation with distant utopias significantly outweighs the practical strategic considerations relating to the messy and uncertain but essential work of anti-capitalist struggle in the here and now. To this end, it argues for imminent utopias to be enacted through a revolutionary praxis of prefiguration, embracing the uncertainty of the current historical moment, as an opportunity to actively forge post-capitalist relations that prioritizes economies of care, eco-social balance and collective flourishing.
El silencio resistente
Authors: Galletero-Campos Belén , Saiz Echezarreta Vanesa
Published: December 2022

Las evidencias científicas han corroborado una subrepresentación de las mujeres en el periodismo de opinión, en línea con el patrón de exclusión de la voz de las mujeres en el espacio público. Este trabajo explora dicho fenómeno desde el periodismo local: cuantifica la producción de piezas de opinión durante dos semanas en 53 medios locales de la comunidad autónoma de Castilla-La Mancha, analiza las piezas (n=662) y observa los factores que indicen en el desequilibrio mediante seis entrevistas con mujeres opinadoras. Los datos se interpretan a partir de la reflexión sobre cómo las lógicas periodísticas legitiman como voces autorizadas aquellas que se presentan con confianza, carisma y seguridad, reforzando las condiciones estructurales de privilegio de los varones. La solución no reside en favorecer la incorporación de mujeres excepcionales como oradoras, sino en repensar qué adoptan los medios como discurso legítimo, y los modos en que promover la justicia comunicativa.
Modified Cap-Assisted Endoscopic Mucosal Resection Versus Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for the Treatment of Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumors ≤10 mm: A Randomized Noninferiority Trial
Authors: Gao Xuelian , Huang Shaohui , Wang Yusi , Peng Qun , Li Weixin , Zou Yingying , Han Zelong , Cai Jianqun , Luo Yuchen , Ye Yaping , Li Aimin , Bai Yang , Chen Ye , Liu Side , Li Yue
Published: December 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Although recent guidelines recommend endoscopic resection of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NET) ≤10 mm, there is no consensus on which endoscopic modality should be performed. We aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of modified cap-assisted endoscopic mucosal resection (mEMR-C) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) methods for the treatment of rectal NET ≤10 mm.

METHODS:

A randomized noninferiority trial comparing mEMR-C and ESD was conducted. The primary outcome was the histological complete resection rate; the secondary outcomes included en bloc resection rate, operation time, complications, and so on. Subgroup analyses and follow-up were also performed.

RESULTS:

Ninety patients were enrolled, and 79 patients with pathologically confirmed rectal NET were finally analyzed, including 38 cases of mEMR-C and 41 cases of ESD. Histological complete resection rate was 97.4% in the mEMR-C group and 92.7% in the ESD group. The noninferiority of mEMR-C compared with that of ESD was confirmed because the absolute difference was 4.7% (2-sided 90% confidence interval, −3.3% to 12.2%; P = 0.616). En bloc resection and successful removal of rectal NET were achieved in all patients. Advantages of mEMR-C over ESD included shorter operation time (8.89 ± 4.58 vs 24.8 ± 9.14 minutes, P < 0.05) and lower hospitalization cost ($2,233.76 ± $717.70 vs $2,987.27 ± $871.81, P < 0.05). Postoperative complications were recorded in 4 patients who received mEMR-C and 2 patients in the ESD group (11.5% vs 4.9%, P = 0.509), which were all well managed using endoscopy. Similar findings were observed when subgroup analysis was performed.

DISCUSSION:

mEMR-C is noninferior to ESD with a similar complete resection rate. In addition, mEMR-C had shorter procedure duration time and lower hospitalization costs.

TRIAL REGISTRATION:

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03982264.
Continuing Medical Education Questions: December 2022
Authors: Bushyhead Daniel W.
Published: December 2022

Article Title: Early Liver Transplantation for Severe Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis and a History of Prior Liver Decompensation
La emigración rural de los productores familiares en la Región Noreste del Uruguay (2000-2018)
Authors: Childe Pereira Rodrigo Luan , Achkar Marcel , De David Cesar
Published: December 2022

La distribución de la población rural en el territorio uruguayo ha generado una preocupación persistente, desde la geografía agraria se analiza la disminución de los productores familiares (PF) ya que esta población se relaciona a una forma específica de uso, gestión y apropiación de los bienes de la naturaleza como estructura base que hace del campo un lugar de vida, trabajo y reproducción y por lo tanto contribuye con una forma específica de cultura rural. Se busca una aproximación de la temática desde la visión de los PF y la percepción sobre el territorio rural de la Región Noreste (RNE) de Uruguay. Los resultados muestran la complejidad de la migración rural, emergente de un problema histórico, donde la interacción entre cinco aspectos principales: dinámica cultural del campo, rentabilidad, falta de relevo generacional, disponibilidad de servicios e infraestructura y la expansión del agronegocio, constituyen los factores principales que condicionan los procesos migratorios de los productores familiares, interactuando con otros factores: políticas públicas, falta de alternativas, falta de capacitación y limitada asociatividad.
Preface to the Special Issue
Authors: R. Nelson Richard
Published: December 2022

Preface to the Special Issue
An implementation on Python of the Classical Nelson and Winter Models
Authors: Do Nascimento Clementino José Bruno , Harry Vargas Barrenechea Martin
Published: December 2022

This paper addresses the computational implementation in Python of the family of classical Schumpeterian Competition models developed by Nelson and Winter. A simple one-shot model is presented as a seed for the development of evolutionary dynamic models. Then, a parallel development between theory and computational implementation using the inheritance capabilities present in Python is done, in order to contemplate innovation, system dynamics, adaptive innovation policies and patents. The results of the original work are compared to the results found throughout the development of this work.
Mapping of Fire Detection Using Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Satellite Imagery to Reduce the Risk of Environmental Damage
Authors: KUMALAWATI Rosalina , DEWI Avela , YULIARTI Astinana , ANGGRAINI Rizky Nurita , MURLIAWAN Karnanto Hendra
Published: December 2022

The frequency of fires increases and triggers environmental damage, so it needs detection to minimize negative impacts. Fire detection using S-NPP VIIRS satellite imagery. Based on the background, research was conducted with the title "Mapping of Fire Detection Using Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Satellite Imagery to Reduce the Risk of Environmental Damage".

Research in Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan Province. Hotspot data from S-NPP VIIRS satellite image recording in 2012-2021. Data analysis is descriptive qualitative (describes the distribution of hotspots) and quantitatively (maps the frequency and distribution of hotspots) as the first step in detecting fires to reduce the risk of environmental damage. The risk of environmental damage is known using a questionnaire.

The results of the study revealed that the highest number of hotspots and nominal and high confidence levels were in September (1370) and October (1050). The greater the number of hotspots with a nominal confidence level and high the potential for fires and environmental damage the higher. Environmental damage in the study area is quite high (>75%). Research findings show that fire detection results can be used as a strategy to reduce the risk of environmental damage and minimize negative impacts.
Solid Waste Collection Service Satisfaction in Non-Service Area of Jigawa State, Nigeria
Authors: AMINU Mansur , MANAF Latifah Abd , SHARAAI Amir Hamzah , ZAINORDIN Nazatul Syadia
Published: December 2022

The absence of a sound solid waste collection services poses a major challenge for the residents and local authority in Jigawa State. Providing solid waste collection services remain a distant hope, mainly because local authority could not provide the services to the region. Solid waste collection is concentrated only in the capital Dutse, where other local authority areas are without collection services, therefore, the risk of the region to uncontrolled waste disposal is high. The objective of the study is to examine the satisfaction with solid waste collection service in non-service areas of Jigawa State, Nigeria.  Quantitative technique was used in data collection, and the questionnaire was designed based on a 5-Likert scale to study solid waste collection service satisfaction among the resident’s. The instrument was validated by 8 panel of experts selectively drawn from academia and local authority with the reliability of the instrument standing at 0.846, which is worthy enough for the instrument to be accepted.and simple random sampling method were used to select respondents. With population of 37,281 households, the recommended sample is 394 at a 95% confidence level. In addition, 10% of the calculated sample was added to round it up to 433 households selected for the study, where the multistage sampling technique was used to administer the questionnaires to the respondents. The data was analyze using SPSS (IBM 25 version), descriptive statistics with frequency and percentage, then illustrated and interpreted. The findings revealed that 283 (74%) of the respondents were satisfied with the level of household participation in solid waste collection, 248 (65%) of the respondents reported being satisfied with the cleanliness of the non-service area done by the non-residents. 231 (60%) were satisfied with collection frequency. On the other hand, 219 (57%) were not satisfied with the absence of waste collection service, a weak percentage 10 (3%) of the respondents were very not satisfied with the collection services by the non-residents. The study suggest that although solid waste collection services provided by the non-residents are somewhat acceptable, there is much room for improvement on the part of the local authority to enhance the system. Planning and policy implementation as well as institutional and legal framework is required for optimum integration of non-residents in to formal waste collection, this is very crucial to ensure efficient service delivery and satisfaction to non-service areas.
Public-and-Private Partnership Institutionalization of Ukrainian Natural Resource Potential Capitalization in Decentralization
Authors: YUKHYMENKO Petro , SOKOLSKA Tetyana , GRINCHUK Julia , ZUBCHENKO Victoria , KHAKHULA Bohdan , DZHEGUR Gennadii , LOBACHOVA Svitlana
Published: December 2022

The paper studies the process of using natural resource potential in a new decentralized environment considering its variability and problems of national economy and rural areas, exacerbation of exogenous threats to economic self-sufficiency and economic security of the country as well as local self-government reforms on the sample of Ukraine. The necessity of forming a perfect institutional environment that improves the investment climate of rural areas, opens opportunities for accelerated capitalization of natural resource potential of newly created communities and the development of private-public partnership between the state and business structures. The formation of a new institutional environment for the development of public-private partnership and management decentralization will contribute to the capitalization of natural and economic assets owned by state and rural communities. The necessity of normative-legal expansion of the list of spheres of application of public-private partnership agreements is substantiated and the expediency of clear identification of all possible forms of relations between state and private partners based on the implementation of positive foreign experience is emphasized. The necessity of public-private partnership agreements as a factor of strengthening economic and financial self-sufficiency of newly created territorial communities in the conditions of decentralization of power strengthening and local self-government reformation is proved.
Is Mandatory Ecological Information Disclosure Linked with Real Ecological Performance? Evidence from Gauteng Local Government, South Africa
Authors: NYAHUNA Thomas , DOORASAMY Mishelle
Published: December 2022

This paper establishes the degree of mandatory ecological information disclosure of eight municipalities in Gauteng province, South Africa and investigates whether greater environmental performers with higher deviation levels reveal additional information regarding their ecological performance. To get a good understanding of the degree of environmental information disclosures of sampled municipalities, a content analysis index grounded on the conservation segment of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) procedures was constructed. The findings show a poor degree of ecological disclosure among municipalities in Gauteng, with a mean total of 14.67 out of 100. Additionally, the outcomes divulge a favourable link between ecological disclosure and basic ecological performance, as projected by the stakeholder theory.
Mapping Analysis of the Research Trends on Digital Technologies and Circular Economy in Tourism
Authors: NASSANBEKOVA Samalgul , YESHENKULOVA Gaukhar
Published: December 2022

Tourism as an industry, which is interdependent and influences several sectors of the economy, has the potential significantly to enhance global sustainability. One of the new paradigm of sustainable development is a circular economy. Circular economy principles include repurposing business for the benefit of society and the environment, replacing materials with renewable and natural resources, producing value from "waste," and using energy and resources efficiently. Digital technologies are considered as a catalyst and important supporter of movement to circularity.

To find relationship between digital technologies and circular tourism a bibliometric analysis of scientific literature has been conducted in this study. For counting and visualization the authors, keywords and text in the abstracts co-occurrence we have used VOSviewer software.

The findings shown tight links in the studies between two concepts and how they are interrelated. In this study, we defined the term “circular economy”, the most perspective digital solutions for creation circular tourism, and aspects pertaining to social effect, institutional reforms, and defining the role of the non-profit sector should not be disregarded in the development of circular tourism.

In the drawn conclusion stated, that more empirical investigations are required to collaborate theories, models, and frameworks that have been produced, since the majority of studies are grounded in theory.
Socializing at the Shopping Mall: A Review of Literature to Reassess the Social Value of the American Mall
Authors: Peterson Eliza K. , Urban Andrew
Published: December 2022

The shopping mall was not just a monument to consumption, as it is often framed, but also a place where American suburbanites could find community. The American shopping mall was pioneered in the 1950s, partially as a way to fix the social gaps that are present in a suburban environment and rose to its heyday in the 1980s and 1990s. During this time, the mall became a place for suburban residents to socialize, as illustrated by the phenomena of “mall rats” and mall walkers. Despite this social significance, the mall was typically only seen as a place to fulfill consumer needs rather than social needs. I will survey the literature surrounding the social legacy of malls in an effort to reframe the legacy of the institution, in light of the benefits provided by hindsight. Shopping malls should be recognized for their ability to facilitate social connections and community during the late 20th century in a space as atomized as the suburbs.
Is It All in Our Heads? An Investigation into American and Historical Legacies of Racism and Social Frameworks that Perpetuate Racial Inequalities in Twenty-First Century Healthcare Systems
Authors: Nampally Meghana
Published: December 2022

Racial bias in the healthcare system, originating from the eminent founders of science and medicine, has numerous adverse effects on black populations and continues to have harmful consequences today (Byrd and Clayton, 2001). From poor clinical decision-making to preventing people of color from entering prominent fields in medicine, racism is ubiquitous in medicine and healthcare (Byrd and Clayton, 2001). The impact of racial bias on patient care is of great interest with many studies illustrating the detrimental impacts of bias on minority groups, specifically in black communities. However, there is additional research that concludes racial bias does not play a role in patient care or in medicine (Dehon et al., 2017). The lack of acknowledgment within academia concerning racial disparities in healthcare and science further oppresses black voices. With my research, I investigate the extent to which various biased social frameworks in healthcare, medicine, and science negatively impact black individuals. I also address major historical events during the creation of the modern-day healthcare system and how these events perpetuate racism today. Focusing on the twenty-first century, I demonstrate that systemic historical and social events during this period eternalize racism in the modern-day American healthcare system.
Evolutionary game analysis of company collaborative strategy in cloud manufacturing platform environment
Authors: Xiao M. , Tian Z.Y
Published: December 2022

The collaboration between manufacturing companies and demand companies is the focus of effective operation of cloud manufacturing platform. The evolutionary game model of manufacturing company, demand company and cloud platform was established, and the strategy stability of the three parties was analyzed in this paper. Based on Lyapunov discrimination method, the equilibrium points of the system were explored, and the simulation was applied to analyze the influence of key factors in the evolution process by MATLAB2021a. The results show that: (1) The evolution of company collaborative cooperation strategies in the cloud platform environment is staged; (2) The collaborative subsidy to the manufacturing company and the demand company by the cloud platform, the collaborative effort degree of the manufacturing company and the demand company, the value-added profits of the manufacturing company, the penalties and profits of the manufacturing company's speculation behavior, the loss of information leakage of demand company, and the government's subsidy for cloud platform supervision are important factors that affect the strategies of each subject; (3) The establishment of the cloud platform supervision mechanism can promote collaboration between the manufacturing company and the demand company. The results of the study can provide a beneficial strategic decision guidance for the development of the cloud manufacturing platform.
Alexander the Great on Late Romancontorniates: religion, magic or history?
Authors: Sánchez Vendramini Darío N.
Published: December 2022

In this paper, I want to focus on a specific set of numismatic images of Alexander the Great, which has received less attention than comparable ones: the depictions on the Late Roman medallions known ascontorniates. First, in two introductory sections, I connect the tradition of Alexander's numismatic imagery with thecontorniatesand present the general characteristics of these medallions. Next, I offer a detailed analysis of the different depictions of Alexander oncontorniates. Thirdly, I briefly summarise the discussion of the functions of thecontorniatesand, on this basis, question the interpretations of them as pagan symbols and amulets proposed by Alföldi and Mittag. Finally, based on the critique of these interpretations, I argue that the Alexandercontorniatesreflect an interest in the historical figure of the great conqueror and the quasi-fictional hero of theAlexander Romance. If this Alexander was a symbol, it was of Greco-Roman patriotism and the empire's ability to prevail over its barbarian enemies.
Similatives are Manners, comparatives are Quantities (except when they aren’t)
Authors: Giomi Riccardo
Published: December 2022

This article proposes a fine-grained semantic analysis of similative and comparative constructions within the framework of Functional Discourse Grammar (FDG). The core idea is that, when used in their prototypical modifying functions, the two types of constructions are built upon two semantic frames that share an identical structure but differ as regards the semantic category that underlies the whole modifying expression – whence the title of the article: similatives are Manners and comparatives are Quantities. At the same time, I argue that similatives can also be put to modifying and predicative uses in which they do not express a Manner but a Configurational Property (i.e., a “nuclear predication”) and that comparatives do not express a Quantity when occurring as arguments of lexical(ized) ditransitive predicates like prefer or would rather, nor when the two terms of the comparison are introduced by a specific type of temporal expression. Finally, the paper refines previous FDG approaches to the alternation between analytic and synthetic expression of comparison in such languages as English and Latin, proposing that the English comparative suffix -er is liable to being modified by narrow-scope measure expressions and is therefore a partly lexical element and not a fully grammaticalized marker of comparison.
Mild acute stress prevents the memory impairment induced by long-term isoflurane anesthesia
Authors: Liu Tiantian , Dai Yutong , Xu Minhui , Chen Ying , Xia Tianjiao , Zhao Xin
Published: December 2022

Objectives

Long-term isoflurane anesthesia exposure could result in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Preoperative stress is also reported to be a risk factor of POCD. However, it is unknown whether acute stress could impair memory after long-term isoflurane anesthesia.

Methods

In this study, we categorized the mice with acute stress into mild (30 min restraint stress), moderate (60 min restraint stress), and severe (120 min restraint stress) stress groups and then we used Open-Field Test (OFT) to detect whether different scales of acute restraint stress successfully induced acute stress in mice. The memory performance of mice was measured using contextual and cued memory test, and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein levels of hippocampus was detected by Western blot.

Results

We verified that mild stress has pro-cognitive effect, but severe stress has amnestic effect. Moreover, we found that mild and moderate other than severe acute stress could partially attenuate the memory impairment induced by long-term isoflurane anesthesia.

Conclusion

Mild and moderate acute stress could partially attenuate the memory impairment induced by long-term isoflurane anesthesia.
El auge de los emprendedores. Análisis de su presencia en prensa en 2011-2013 y en redes sociales
Authors: Fernández Trigueros Félix , Fernández Castaño Félix
Published: December 2022

El objeto de estudio de esta investigación será la repercusión mediática del emprendimiento tanto en medios especializados económicos como en medios generalistas en prensa del año 2011 y 2013 y las consecuentes variaciones en ese periodo, así como la influencia de las redes sociales en el “auge” de los emprendedores.El emprendimiento, que se entiende en este estudio, como el proceso de creación de empresas hasta su estabilización es el eje de la investigación. Asimismo, se tendrá en cuenta la aportación de las redes sociales, que es clave para las startups (empresas emergentes), como una herramienta útil de comunicación y marketing y la influencia de éstas para la consecución de los objetivos de los nuevos emprendedores. La ilimitada información que admite Internet, ha permitido que este tema candente haya obtenido más trascendencia en la red que en los soportes tradicionales; siendo éste otro de los objetivos de investigación de este estudio. La mediatización del emprendimiento, a simple vista, debido a la actual crisis económica, se ha visto incrementada por la aprobación de la Ley 11/2013 de 26 de julio de “Medidas de apoyo al emprendedor y de estímulo de crecimiento y de la creación de empleo” y el debate político y social que se ha creado en torno a esta norma.