bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A molecular switch controls assembly of bacterial focal adhesions
Authors: Attia Bouchra , My Laetitia , Castaing Jean Philippe , Dinet Céline , Le Guenno Hugo , Schmidt Victoria , Espinosa Leon , Anantharaman Vivek , Aravind L. , Sebban-Kreuzer Corinne , Nouailler Matthieu , Bornet Olivier , Viollier Patrick , Elantak Latifa , Mignot Tâm
Published: May 2024

Cell motility universally relies on spatial regulation of focal adhesion complexes (FAs) connecting the substrate to cellular motors. In bacterial FAs, the Adventurous gliding motility machinery (Agl-Glt) assembles at the leading cell pole following a Mutual gliding-motility protein (MglA)–guanosine 5′-triphosphate (GTP) gradient along the cell axis. Here, we show that GltJ, a machinery membrane protein, contains cytosolic motifs binding MglA-GTP and AglZ and recruiting the MreB cytoskeleton to initiate movement toward the lagging cell pole. In addition, MglA-GTP binding triggers a conformational shift in an adjacent GltJ zinc-finger domain, facilitating MglB recruitment near the lagging pole. This prompts GTP hydrolysis by MglA, leading to complex disassembly. The GltJ switch thus serves as a sensor for the MglA-GTP gradient, controlling FA activity spatially.
Treatment-emergent cefiderocol resistance in carbapenem-resistant
Acinetobacter baumannii
is associated with insertion sequence IS
Aba36
in the siderophore receptor
pirA
Authors: Huang En , Thompson Rebekah N. , Moon Sun Hee , Keck Jacob M. , Lowry Michael S. , Melero Joe , Jun Se-Ran , Rosenbaum Eric R. , Dare Ryan K.
Published: May 2024

We report the emergence of cefiderocol resistance in a
bla
OXA-72
carbapenem-resistant
Acinetobacter baumannii
isolate from a sacral decubitus ulcer. Cefiderocol was initially used; however, a newly approved sulbactam-durlobactam therapy with source control and flap coverage was successful in treating the infection. Laboratory investigation revealed cefiderocol resistance mediated by IS
Aba36
insertion into the siderophore receptor
pirA
.
Investigation of the biocontrol mechanism of a novel
Pseudomonas
species against phytopathogenic
Fusarium graminearum
revealed by multi-omics integration analysis
Authors: Dai Jiawei , Xu Zhaofeng , Yang Ning , Tuerxunjiang Hamiguli , Shan Xin , Diao Yuting , Zhao Jiahui , Ma Meiqi , Li Xiang , Xiao Ming , Pei Junmin
Published: May 2024

Phytopathogenic
Fusarium graminearum
poses significant threats to crop health and soil quality. Although our laboratory-cultivated
Pseudomonas
sp. P13 exhibited potential biocontrol capacities, its effectiveness against
F. graminearum
and underlying antifungal mechanisms are still unclear. In light of this, our study investigated a significant inhibitory effect of P13 on
F. graminearum
T1, both
in vitro
and in a soil environment. Conducting genomic, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses of P13, we sought to identify evidence supporting its antagonistic effects on T1. The results revealed the potential of P13, a novel
Pseudomonas
species, to produce active antifungal components, including phenazine-1-carboxylate (PCA), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and siderophores [pyoverdine (Pvd) and histicorrugatin (Hcs)], as well as the dynamic adaptive changes in the metabolic pathways of P13 related to these active ingredients. During the logarithmic growth stage, T1
-
exposed P13 strategically upregulated PCA and HCN biosynthesis, along with transient inhibition of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. However, with growth stabilization, upregulation of PCA and HCN synthesis ceased, whereas the TCA cycle was enhanced, increasing siderophores secretion (Pvd and Hcs), suggesting that this mechanism might have caused continuous inhibition of T1. These findings improved our comprehension of the biocontrol mechanisms of P13 and provided the foundation for potential application of
Pseudomonas
strains in the biocontrol of phytopathogenic
F. graminearum
.

IMPORTANCE

Pseudomonas
spp. produces various antifungal substances, making it an effective natural biocontrol agent against pathogenic fungi. However, the inhibitory effects and the associated antagonistic mechanisms of
Pseudomonas
spp. against
Fusarium
spp. are unclear. Multi-omics integration analyses of the
in vitro
antifungal effects of novel
Pseudomonas
species, P13, against
F. graminearum
T1 revealed the ability of P13 to produce antifungal components (PCA, HCN, Pvd, and Hcs), strategically upregulate PCA and HCN biosynthesis during logarithmic growth phase, and enhance the TCA cycle during stationary growth phase. These findings improved our understanding of the biocontrol mechanisms of P13 and its potential application against pathogenic fungi.
RABV induces biphasic actin cytoskeletal rearrangement through Rac1 activity modulation
Authors: Liu Xiaomin , Xu Jing , Zhang Maolin , Wang Hualei , Guo Xin , Zhao Mingxin , Duan Ming , Guan Zhenhong , Guo Yidi
Published: May 2024

Rabies virus (RABV) is highly lethal and triggers severe neurological symptoms. The neuropathogenic mechanism remains poorly understood. Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) is a Rho-GTPase that is involved in actin remodeling and has been reported to be closely associated with neuronal dysfunction. In this study, by means of a combination of pharmacological inhibitors, small interfering RNA, and specific dominant-negatives, we characterize the crucial roles of dynamic actin and the regulatory function of Rac1 in RABV infection, dominantly in the viral entry phase. The data show that the RABV phosphoprotein interacts with Rac1. RABV phosphoprotein suppress Rac1 activity and impedes downstream Pak1-Limk1-Cofilin1 signaling, leading to the disruption of F-actin-based structure formation. In early viral infection, the EGFR-Rac1-signaling pathway undergoes a biphasic change, which is first upregulated and subsequently downregulated, corresponding to the RABV entry-induced remodeling pattern of F-actin. Taken together, our findings demonstrate for the first time the role played by the Rac1 signaling pathway in RABV infection and may provide a clue for an explanation for the etiology of rabies neurological pathogenesis.

IMPORTANCE

Though neuronal dysfunction is predominant in fatal rabies, the detailed mechanism by which rabies virus (RABV) infection causes neurological symptoms remains in question. The actin cytoskeleton is involved in numerous viruses infection and plays a crucial role in maintaining neurological function. The cytoskeletal disruption is closely associated with abnormal nervous symptoms and induces neurogenic diseases. In this study, we show that RABV infection led to the rearrangement of the cytoskeleton as well as the biphasic kinetics of the Rac1 signal transduction. These results help elucidate the mechanism that causes the aberrant neuronal processes by RABV infection and may shed light on therapeutic development aimed at ameliorating neurological disorders.
CRISPRi functional genomics in bacteria and its application to medical and industrial research
Authors: Enright Amy L. , Heelan William J. , Ward Ryan D. , Peters Jason M.
Published: May 2024

Functional genomics is the use of systematic gene perturbation approaches to determine the contributions of genes under conditions of interest. Although functional genomic strategies have been used in bacteria for decades, recent studies have taken advantage of CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) technologies, such as CRISPRi (CRISPR interference), that are capable of precisely modulating expression of all genes in the genome. Here, we discuss and review the use of CRISPRi and related technologies for bacterial functional genomics. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of CRISPRi as well as design considerations for CRISPRi genetic screens. We also review examples of how CRISPRi screens have defined relevant genetic targets for medical and industrial applications. Finally, we outline a few of the many possible directions that could be pursued using CRISPR-based functional genomics in bacteria. Our view is that the most exciting screens and discoveries are yet to come.
Factors associated with road traffic injury in a high-risk zone of Bangladesh: a mixed-method study
Authors: Rozars Md Faisal Kabir , Ahmed Nawshin , Sultana Naima , Ishtiak A S M , Alam Md. Tohidul , Hossan Md. Elias , Nahar Nazmun , Zaman Shahriar , Naher Hurun , Khan Md Abdullah Saeed , Hawlader Mohmmad Delwer Hossain
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Road traffic injuries are a significant public health issue in low-income and middle-income countries. This study was designed to explore the pattern and factors associated with road traffic injury in a high-risk zone of Bangladesh.

Method

This mixed-method study included a total of 363 road traffic injury victims for the quantitative component, and 10 traffic-related officials and 10 drivers for the qualitative element. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire, key informant interviews and a focus group discussion using a focus group discussion guide. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were done using Stata V.17 and NVivo V.12, respectively.

Results

Most participants were male, illiterate and young (<30 years) with age averaging 31.50±9.16 years. Of all road traffic injury victims, most had mild (45.18%) injuries, and the least had severe (5.79%) injuries, with head being the most common site (34.44%). The highest proportion of injuries were sustained by motor vehicle drivers (57.58%), followed by cyclists/rickshaw pullers (22.59%) and passengers (19.83%). Most vehicles were new (75.21%), and the rest were old (24.79%). Nearly one-third of the participants did not know about driving rules. The presence of knowledge was associated with less severe injury (p=0.031) compared with the absence of knowledge. The qualitative component of the study identified several factors related to road traffic injury, including driver factors (lack of sleep, bad driving habits and lack of helmets), driving activity factors (ignoring rules, overtaking, crossing speed limits and using bright headlights), road-related factors (broken roads, unplanned curves and angles, the need for spacious streets and the lack of appraisal of previous crash records) and traffic control factors (stringent traffic rules, effective implementation and training on using speed guns).

Conclusion

The factors related to road traffic injury identified in this study could be used to plan targeted interventions for road safety improvement.
Occupational particle exposure and chronic kidney disease: a cohort study in Swedish construction workers
Authors: Kilbo Edlund Karl , Andersson Eva M , Andersson Martin , Barregard Lars , Christensson Anders , Johannesson Sandra , Harari Florencia , Murgia Nicola , Torén Kjell , Stockfelt Leo
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Increasing epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests that particle exposure is an environmental risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, only a few case–control studies have investigated this association in an occupational setting. Hence, our objective was to investigate associations between particle exposure and CKD in a large cohort of Swedish construction workers.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cohort study in the Swedish Construction Workers’ Cohort, recruited 1971–1993 (n=286 089). A job-exposure matrix was used to identify workers exposed to nine different particulate exposures, which were combined into three main categories (inorganic dust and fumes, wood dust and fibres). Incident CKD and start of renal replacement therapy (RRT) were obtained from validated national registries until 2021 and analysed using adjusted Cox proportional hazards models.

Results

Exposure to inorganic dust and fumes was associated with an increased risk of CKD and RRT during working age (adjusted HR for CKD at age <65 years 1.15, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.26). The elevated risk did not persist after retirement age. Exposure to cement dust, concrete dust and diesel exhaust was associated with CKD. Elevated HRs were also found for quartz dust and welding fumes.

Conclusions

Workers exposed to inorganic particles seem to be at elevated risk of CKD and RRT. Our results are in line with previous evidence of renal effects of ambient air pollution and warrant further efforts to reduce occupational and ambient particle exposure.
Petrogenesis of a TTG intrusive suite: the La Dauversière pluton, Abitibi greenstone belt, Canada
Authors: Mathieu L. , Leybourne M.
Published: May 2024

Insights into the source and partial melting conditions of tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) intrusive suites provide essential constraints on the tectonic regimes prevailing before 2.5 Ga. As case studies on individual suites increase, the TTG group becomes more heterogeneous, offering detailed insights into the evolution of the Archean crust. This study focuses on the La Dauversière pluton, a TTG suite in the Chibougamau area, Abitibi greenstone belt, Canada, to unravel complex differentiation processes in a pluton with a relatively limited volume. According to whole-rock and zircon chemistry, the La Dauversière pluton is a TTG suite that contains less Na and light rare earth elements (LREE) than other TTG suites of the Abitibi greenstone belt. Whole-rock chemistry and melt inclusions in zircon also point to an atypical fractional crystallization process that favors K enrichment, contrasting with the Na enrichment trends observed in most TTG suites globally. Magma hybridization, with late magma pulses interacting with early phases partially crystallized at depth, likely explains the chemistry of the La Dauversière pluton. The source of these magmas differs from the basaltic source that gave rise to most TTG suites of the Abitibi greenstone belt, possibly because older basement occurs in the Chibougamau area and is lacking in the rest of the greenstone belt. The La Dauversière pluton underscores the importance of interpreting the petrogenesis of individual TTG suites before inferring global source processes and geodynamic settings.
Thermo-convection driven Sodium Alginate-based Darcy–Forchheimer EMHD Williamson hybrid nanofluid flow with varying thermal distribution
Authors: Das Tusar Kanti , Paul Ashish , Nath Jintu Mani
Published: May 2024

A computational investigation is furnished to explore the responses of a Darcy–Forchheimer EMHD Williamson flow of a Sodium Alginate [Formula: see text]-based Ag-Al2O3 hybrid nanofluid passing over a vertically exponentially stretching cylinder emerged through a porous region. The prime focus of this research is to encompass the inclusion of nonlinear variations in heat distribution, Newtonian boundary heating (NBH) effects, and the influence of thermo-convection alongside suction effects. Key parameters, including thermal buoyancy, Darcy porous medium effects, heat source/sink effects, Biot number, variable thermal index, and thermal convection factor, are comprehensively analyzed as these combining factors can play a crucial role in optimizing the efficacy of several systems such as heat exchanger, material processing and geothermal system that involve the concept of thermo-transportation mechanism. The physical flow dynamics are modeled, employing suitable similarity transformations, and subsequently translated into a dimensionless form. The ensuing collection of modified nonlinear ordinary differential equations is solved by employing the Bvp4c solver bundled into the MATLAB program. Several parameters are scrutinized through graphical presentations to elucidate their impacts on the velocity curve, temperature curve, skin friction coefficient, and Nusselt index. It is worth mentioning that the heat distribution profile significantly escalated for the rising values of several factors such as electric field parameter, varying thermal index, Biot number and shape factor, but the reverse is the pattern with suction and thermo-convection effect. Also, the thermal transportation rate at the proximity of the vertical cylindrical wall appears to exhibit an increment of about an average of 47% in SA-based Williamson hybrid nanofluid compared to Williamson fluid for thermo-convective effect, NBH, and thermal buoyancy. Furthermore, the proximate shear stress rate appears to be amplified by approximately 39% in Williamson hybrid nanofluid when contrasted with Williamson fluid for electric field parameter and thermo-convection effect alongside the raised Darcy–Forchheimer factor.
A Two-Step Iterative Method for Absolute Value Equations
Authors: Khan Alamgir , Iqbal Javed
Published: May 2024

This paper presents a new numerical iteration method for solving the absolute value equations. The proposed method uses the generalized Newton method as a predictor step, and the five-point open Newton–Cotes formula is considered the corrector step. The convergence of the proposed method is studied in detail. The proposed method solves large systems effectively due to its simplicity and effectiveness. In this paper, we have solved the beam equation, using the finite difference method to transform it into a system of absolute value equations, and then solved it using the proposed method. Several numerical examples were provided to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the new approach. In addition, the novel approach solves absolute value equations with greater accuracy and precision than other existing methods.
A Novel Approach for Thermoelastic Fracture Simulation in Bimaterials Using Element-Free Galerkin Method with Improved Interface Modeling
Authors: Awasthi Ayush , Pant Mohit
Published: May 2024

Layered materials play a crucial role in numerous essential structures, including adhesive connections, composite laminates, and various electronic components. This work focuses on proposing a novel framework of algorithms to improve the adaptability of element-free Galerkin method for modeling fracture in bimaterials exposed to thermoelastic loads. A bimaterial fracture problem is modeled as a combination of both weak and strong discontinuities — strong discontinuity owing to the presence of crack and weak discontinuity due to inherent material discontinuities. Initially, three distinct methods, comprising domain partitioning, lagrange multiplier, and jump function have been employed for interface crack modeling and error norm is used as an indicator to select the optimum one. Second, a novel interface enrichment algorithm has been introduced to effectively model the interface with limited computational costs with higher accuracy. Owing to the applicability of bimaterials in numerous applications under a combination of thermal/mechanical loads, the proposed formulation has been utilized for modeling and simulating a diverse bimaterial thermoelastic fracture problems using the proposed framework. The mixed mode (complex) stress intensity factors (SIFs) are numerically examined using modified domain form of interaction integral. A good agreement of results with available results from literature extends the computational prowess of the proposed framework in modeling a variety of thermoelastic bimaterial problems accurately and swiftly as compared to conventional EFGM.
No more doubts about four NH-tautomers formation: 5,10-diaryl-corroles case theoretical study
Authors: Kruk Mikalai M. , Gladkov Lev L. , Klenitsky Dmitry V.
Published: May 2024

The possibility of four NH-tautomers formation in asymmetrically substituted 5,10-diaryl-corrole free bases has been studied. The molecular conformation optimization has been carried out for four NH-tautomers in both the ground singlet S0 and the lowest excited triplet T1 states with the density functional theory, and the sets of integral and local structure parameters have been evaluated. The results unambiguously demonstrate that each of the four NH-tautomers has its unique molecular conformation. However, the ground state energies of the NH-tautomers were found to differ strongly as a function of the rotation degree of freedom of aryl substituents. Almost the same ground state energies of all NH-tautomers have been found for the substitution with sterically constrained mesityl groups. In contrast, a large energy gap has been revealed between two pairs of NH-tautomers in case of substitution with freely rotating phenyl groups. Therefore, in the former case, the relative populations of all four NH-tautomers are of the same order of magnitude and all four NH-tautomers coexist, but only two NH-tautomers are expected in the latter at room temperatures. The aromaticity degree and the [Formula: see text]-conjugation pathways have been evaluated for each of four NH-tautomers in both ground S0 and lowest excited triplet T1 states, and similar behavior was found for the pairs of NH-tautomers those protons are localized either in the dipyrromethene fragment or in the dipyrrole fragment of the macrocycle. All NH-tautomers were found to be aromatic in the ground state, but the inversion of aromaticity takes place in the lowest triplet T1 state for all of them. Finally, the energies of the four frontier molecular orbitals have been compared and analyzed in the framework of possible spectral differences between the NH-tautomers.
Epidemiological and Molecular Characteristics of Piroplasmids and Anaplasma spp. in Tan Sheep, Ningxia, Northwest China
Authors: Zhou Jiali , Li Zhixin , Zhou Zicheng , Ma Yue , Hu Junhao , Dan Xingang , Zhao Hongxi
Published: May 2024

Piroplasmosis and anaplasmosis are important zoonotic diseases of animal origin, which can be transmitted by ticks to infect animals. However, there is limited information on the infection of piroplasmosis and anaplasmosis in Tan sheep in Ningxia, China. In order to understand the prevalence of piroplasmosis and anaplasmosis in Tan sheep in Ningxia, 150 blood samples of Tan sheep from farms in five urban areas of Ningxia were detected by PCR, and some positive samples were sequenced to establish a phylogenetic tree. PCR revealed that the prevalence of Anaplasma spp. in Tan sheep in Ningxia was 28.0%. The overall prevalence of Piroplasmids was 33.3%, of which Theileria spp. and Babesia spp. were 20.7% and 12.7%, respectively. Among the samples of different ages, the highest detection rates of Piroplasmids and Anaplasma spp. were found in Tan sheep aged 20–30 months, and the detection rate of Theileria spp., Babesia spp., and Anaplasma spp. were 25.4%, 23.6%, and 36.3%, respectively. In this study, one Theileria species was identified as Theileria uilenbergi, two Babesia species were identified as Babesia molasi and Babesia ovis, and two Anaplasma species were identified as Anaplasma ovis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and the dominant species were A. ovis and T. uilenbergi. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report detailing the infection rate and genotype of Piroplasmids and Anaplasma spp. in Tan sheep in Ningxia, China. The results of this study provide valuable data for understanding the epidemiology of tick‐borne disease in Tan sheep in Ningxia, China, and lay a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of piroplasmosis and anaplasmosis in Tan sheep in Ningxia, northwest China.
Microbial Pattern of Neonatal Sepsis in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of dr. Ramelan Navy Central Hospital
Authors: Miranda Stefani , Harahap Aminuddin , Husada Dominicus , Faramarisa Fara Nayo
Published: May 2024

Background. The morbidity and mortality rates from neonatal sepsis remain high. However, there is limited information about the microbial pattern of neonatal sepsis in Indonesia. Microbial patterns can give an overview of the hygiene of an environment and act as a determinant for choosing definitive antibiotic treatment in neonatal sepsis patients. The organisms that cause neonatal sepsis differ from unit to unit and from time to time within the same unit. Objectives. This study is aimed at discovering the microbial pattern of neonatal sepsis in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), dr. Ramelan Navy Central Hospital, in 2021–2022. Methods. This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study that takes secondary data from the NICU and clinical microbiology department of dr. Ramelan Navy Central Hospital. Data that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria available between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2022, were collected. Patients whose blood cultures were positive for bacterial growth and diagnosed with sepsis were selected as the study sample. Results. Out of 174 samples, 93 (53.4%) were found positive for bacterial infection and diagnosed as neonatal sepsis. Gram-negative isolates (96.8%) were predominant. Sixty-point-two percent of Klebsiella pneumoniae XDR, 19.4% of Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL, and 8.6% of Burkholderia cepacia XDR were identified. The gram-positive isolates found in this study were only 3 samples (3.2%). Two-point-one percent of MRSA and 1.1% of Staphylococcus haemolyticus MDR were identified. Conclusion. The most common microorganisms causing neonatal sepsis in our NICU were gram-negative bacteria, particularly Klebsiella pneumoniae XDR. Following the recommended infection control procedures, practicing good hand hygiene, and having access to basic supplies and equipment are important to prevent and reduce the incidence of sepsis.
The Key to Increase Immunogenicity of Next‐Generation COVID‐19 Vaccines Lies in the Inclusion of the SARS‐CoV‐2 Nucleocapsid Protein
Authors: Mendoza-Ramírez Noe Juvenal , García-Cordero Julio , Shrivastava Gaurav , Cedillo-Barrón Leticia
Published: May 2024

Vaccination is one of the most effective prophylactic public health interventions for the prevention of infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease (COVID‐19). Considering the ongoing need for new COVID‐19 vaccines, it is crucial to modify our approach and incorporate more conserved regions of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) to effectively address emerging viral variants. The nucleocapsid protein is a structural protein of SARS‐CoV‐2 that is involved in replication and immune responses. Furthermore, this protein offers significant advantages owing to the minimal accumulation of mutations over time and the inclusion of key T‐cell epitopes critical for SARS‐CoV‐2 immunity. A novel strategy that may be suitable for the new generation of vaccines against COVID‐19 is to use a combination of antigens, including the spike and nucleocapsid proteins, to elicit robust humoral and potent cellular immune responses, along with long‐lasting immunity. The strategic use of multiple antigens aims to enhance vaccine efficacy and broaden protection against viruses, including their variants. The immune response against the nucleocapsid protein from other coronavirus is long‐lasting, and it can persist up to 11 years post‐infection. Thus, the incorporation of nucleocapsids (N) into vaccine design adds an important dimension to vaccination efforts and holds promise for bolstering the ability to combat COVID‐19 effectively. In this review, we summarize the preclinical studies that evaluated the use of the nucleocapsid protein as antigen. This study discusses the use of nucleocapsid alone and its combination with spike protein or other proteins of SARS‐CoV‐2.
Association Between Dietary Phytochemical Index and Neonatal Thyroid Function
Authors: Hashemi Dehkordi Vida , Khoshhali Mehri , Heidari-Beni Motahar , Hashemi Dehkordi Elham , Hashemipour Mahin , Mostofizadeh Neda , Daniali Seyede Shahrbanoo , Kelishadi Roya
Published: May 2024

Conclusion: No significant relationship between maternal DPI with cord serum TSH and FT4 levels was shown. Limited experience exists about the effect of maternal diet quality indices on neonatal thyroid function, and further studies are needed in this regard.
Supplemental Figure 2 from Efficacy and Safety of Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab in Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hornstein Nicholas J. , Zeineddine Mohammad A. , Gunes Betul B. , Pellatt Andrew J. , Knafl Mark , Zhu Haifeng , Willett Anneleis F. , Yousef Abdelrahman , Liu Suyu , Sun Ryan , Futreal Andrew , Woodman Scott E. , Taggart Melissa W. , Overman Michael J. , Halperin Daniel M. , Raghav Kanwal P. , Shen John Paul
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure 2: Representative Pathology Images A,B: Representative images from patient tumor biopsies large mucin deposits and minimal cellularity. Infiltrating lymphocytes are notable in both images.
Supplemental Figure 1 from Efficacy and Safety of Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab in Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hornstein Nicholas J. , Zeineddine Mohammad A. , Gunes Betul B. , Pellatt Andrew J. , Knafl Mark , Zhu Haifeng , Willett Anneleis F. , Yousef Abdelrahman , Liu Suyu , Sun Ryan , Futreal Andrew , Woodman Scott E. , Taggart Melissa W. , Overman Michael J. , Halperin Daniel M. , Raghav Kanwal P. , Shen John Paul
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure 1: Consort Diagram Trial consort diagram
Data from Efficacy and Safety of Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab in Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hornstein Nicholas J. , Zeineddine Mohammad A. , Gunes Betul B. , Pellatt Andrew J. , Knafl Mark , Zhu Haifeng , Willett Anneleis F. , Yousef Abdelrahman , Liu Suyu , Sun Ryan , Futreal Andrew , Woodman Scott E. , Taggart Melissa W. , Overman Michael J. , Halperin Daniel M. , Raghav Kanwal P. , Shen John Paul
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurpose:
Appendiceal adenocarcinoma (AA) remains an orphan disease with limited treatment options for patients unable to undergo surgical resection. Evidence supporting the efficacy of combined VEGF and PD-1 inhibition in other tumor types provided a compelling rationale for investigating this combination in AA, where immune checkpoint inhibitors have not been explored previously.
Experimental Design:
We conducted a prospective, single-arm phase II study evaluating efficacy and safety of atezolizumab in conjunction with bevacizumab (Atezo+Bev) in advanced, unresectable AA.
Results:
Patients treated with the Atezo+Bev combination had 100% disease control rate (1 partial response, 15 stable disease) with progression-free survival (PFS) of 18.3 months and overall survival not-yet-reached with median duration of follow-up of 40 months. These survival intervals were significantly longer relative to a clinically and molecularly matched synthetic control cohort treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy designed for colorectal cancer (PFS of 4.4 months, P = 0.041).
Conclusions:
In light of recent data demonstrating a lack of efficacy of 5-fluorouracil–based chemotherapy, Atezo+Bev is a promising treatment option for patients with low-grade unresectable AA; further study is warranted.
Significance:
AA remains an orphan disease with limited systemic therapy options for patients who are not candidates for surgical resection. These data suggest activity from combined VEGF and PD-L1 inhibition that warrants further study.
Relação terapêutica no processo de trabalho de enfermeiros de Centros de Atenção Psicossocial
Authors: Sebastião Marcela Aparecida Guerra , Delfini Giulia , Weber Aldair , Toledo Vanessa Pellegrino , Garcia Ana Paula Rigon Francischetti
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: conocer de qué manera los enfermeros perciben la relación terapéutica en su proceso de trabajo en los Centros de Atención Psicosocial. Metodología: estudio cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio, basado en el enfoque del materialismo histórico dialéctico. Los datos se recolectaron través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, basadas en análisis de contenido en conjunto con análisis temático y se los discutió por medio de la dialéctica entre trabajo muerto y trabajo vivo en acción. Resultados: participaron diez enfermeros. La relación terapéutica surgió de la tensión dialéctica entre el trabajo muerto, considerado como trabajo anterior y enajenado, y el trabajo vivo en acción, que es el lugar de la relación terapéutica. Conclusión: el trabajo muerto se evidenció en la reproducción del modelo de atención en el que el trabajo burocrático es asumido por los enfermeros y se deslegitima el rol de los pacientes. El trabajo vivo en acción se identificó por el establecimiento de la relación terapéutica, desarrollada a través de la convivencia, en los intercambios de confianza, a través de talleres, en el rol de referencia y a través de la relación como experiencia definitoria de la trayectoria profesional. La tensión dialéctica se convierte en un proceso rico en consumo de tecnologías ligeras, que ayuda al enfermero a reconocer su rol en el nuevo modelo de atención a la salud mental, en el que la praxis se convierte en un camino posible en el contexto de su trabajo.
Há diferença entre os fumantes e os não fumantes internados em um hospital psiquiátrico?
Authors: Oliveira Renata Marques de , Santos Jair Lício Ferreira , Furegato Antonia Regina Ferreira
Published: May 2024

Objective: comparing the clinical profile, hospital indicators and psychiatric complications between smokers and non-smokers admitted to a psychiatric hospital. Methodology: this was a cross-sectional epidemiological study of the medical records of 573 patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital that complied with the smokefree law. Descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact test and Mann-Whitney test was used. Results: of the 573 participants, 48% were smokers. The average age was 42.7 years. Smoking was more prevalent among those diagnosed with psychotic disorders (48.4%), those who used only first-generation antipsychotics (49.4%) and higher dosages of psychotropic drugs. The highest proportions of involuntary or court-ordered admissions occurred among smokers. The average number of attempted escapes, episodes of aggression and procedures to manage them was not high (ranging from 0.2 to 1.3 among smokers and from 0.1 to 0.9 among non-smokers). Conclusion: the data showed that smokers were more resistant to being hospitalized in a smoke-free environment. Although smoking cessation in this population is a challenge, neglecting it means devaluing the lives of people with mental disorders. Nurses and other professionals should be encouraged to discuss the scientific evidence about smoking in the psychiatric population.
Glotopolítica e crítica genética
Authors: Kurz Giovani T.
Published: May 2024

From plurilingualism to the gesture of translation, this essay proposes a comprehensive reading of distinct glotopolitical crossings in literary writing. I revisit the works of writers whose practice is structured by a linguistic overlapping, as well as by the political consciousness of the colonial hierarchies to which they are subject. Through essays by Jacques Derrida and Sylvia Molloy, I foreground the compositional processes of Latin American writers Copi and Alejandra Pizarnik as unavoidable landmarks of this creative in-between. From the transit between languages, I draw axes capable of guiding a systematization of these glotopolitical dimensions in literary creation.
Intervenções críticas na/da escrita de Moreno. Caderno de bitácora
Authors: Gárate Miriam V.
Published: May 2024

O artigo busca examinar alguns procedimentos relacionados a práticas de descoleção cultural e usos do arquivo nos textos de María Moreno, em especial, em dois deles, mais recentes, nos quais a “imaginação íntima” (Link) e a intervenção crítica se revezam e interagem: Black out, de 2016 e Oración. Carta a Vicki y otras elegías políticas, de 2018.  Inicialmente apresentam-se alguns traços recorrentes da escrita de Moreno: o “cartonerismo epistemológico”, a bricolagem  de textos e teorias, a heterogeneidade de registros discursivos, a ênfase na voz e na escuta, a fragmentariedade, o autoplagio. Em um segundo momento, ensaia-se a leitura de algumas passagens que inscrevem novos/outros sentidos nos arquivos manipulados nos dois textos.
"Porque desde aquella primavera, nunca más estuvimos solos": modos de cooperação cartonera como política da escrita
Authors: Lisboa Frederico Ranck , Jácome Phellipy
Published: May 2024

Este artigo propõe uma análise do aparecimento de Eloísa Cartonera para compreender como experiências cartoneras atuam por uma reconfiguração do sensível (Rancière, 2017) ao inscreverem-se em uma disputa material e simbólica, utilizando-se da escrita como política de vida (Anzaldúa, 2000). O corpus em questão é formado por discursos autorreferentes e entrevistas coletadas que tratam de diversas experiências cartoneras — propostas editoriais alternativas que confeccionam livros em capas de papelão. Para nosso trabalho, recuperamos uma dimensão historicizante dessas práticas para contextualizar suas formas de questionamento e atuação. Empreendemos nossa pesquisa no sentido de entender como as cartoneras parceiras fazem, a partir de suas publicações, gestos políticos para poder dizer, ser e se fazer ver.
O latino-americanismo e a Crítica Literária no Século XXI: algumas perspectivas
Authors: Perez Diego Cardoso
Published: May 2024

El presente trabajo es, a la vez, un breve recorrido y comentario sobre la situación actual del latinoamericanismo en el siglo XXI. En este escenario, se puede notar una diferencia muy clara de las corrientes provenientes principalmente de los Estados Unidos, pero también de Europa, que se multiplicaron en una serie de teorías especializadas, especialmente deudoras de los estudios culturales y estudios subalternos desarrollados en la década de 1990. La crítica literaria hecha al interior de América Latina parece resistir, en cierta medida, los avances de los "giros" provenientes de las "metrópolis" y evidencia una doble tendencia a replantear los estudios decoloniales -a veces presentándose como descoloniales- o a avanzar en la dirección historiográfica. que tiene como objetivo investigar los procesos e impactos literarios de la dictadura y posdictadura del Cono Sur en la segunda mitad del siglo XX.
Sínteses de evidências para apoio à tomada de decisões relacionadas à pandemia de covid-19
Authors: Andrade Keitty Regina Cordeiro de , Carvalho Viviane Karoline da Silva , Silva Roberta Borges , Luquine Junior Cézar D. , Farinasso Cecília Menezes , Oliveira Cintia de Freitas , Mascarenhas Fabiana , Paula Gabriel Antônio Rezende de , Toledo Isabela Porto de , Marinho Marina Arruda Melo , Wachira Virginia Kagure , Siqueira Alessandra de Sá Earp , Araújo Denizar Vianna , Sachetti Camile Giaretta , Rêgo Daniela Fortunato
Published: May 2024

A pandemia de covid-19 gerou um numeroso volume de produções científicas com diferentes níveis de qualidade. A velocidade com que o conhecimento era produzido e compartilhado a nível mundial impôs à gestão em saúde o desafio de buscar meios de identificar as melhores evidências disponíveis para subsidiar suas decisões. Em resposta a este desafio, o Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil estabeleceu um serviço para elaborar e disponibilizar conhecimento científico abordando questões prioritárias de saúde pública no cenário da pandemia. Entre os temas abordados estão tratamentos medicamentosos, medidas não farmacológicas, testagem, reinfecção e resposta imunológica, imunização, fisiopatologia, síndrome pós-covid e eventos adversos. Neste artigo, discute-se os pontos fortes e lições aprendidas, bem como os desafios e perspectivas que fornecem um exemplo real sobre como disponibilizar as melhores evidências científicas, em tempo hábil e de forma oportuna, para auxiliar o processo decisório durante uma emergência em saúde pública.
Permissible Boycotting, Liability, and Intention
Authors: Betz Adam
Published: May 2024

Philosophers have begun exploring justifications, such as liability and lesser-evil justifications, for consumer boycotting that are rooted in just war theory. The libertarian challenge holds that even morally objectionable consumer boycotts are nonetheless morally permissible in the sense that doing their constituent acts violates no rights or duties: consumer choice, information sharing, and advocacy are already permissible actions; boycotters do not acquire any special permissions that they did not already possess. I argue that even if consumers’ activities are generally permissible, they can become impermissible when done with certain intentions. Liability-based accounts of permissible boycotting should accept the view that intention is relevant to permissibility. Accepting this view marks a discontinuity between mere consumer choice and boycotting, and a discontinuity between permissible and impermissible boycotting, strengthening the argument that liability-based and lesser evil principles may sometimes be necessary for the permissibility of some consumer boycotts.
Nymphanthus namkadingensis, a new species of Phyllanthaceae from Laos
Authors: YAMAMOTO TAKENORI , SOULADETH PHETLASY , PHONEPASEUTH PHONGPHAYBOUN , KONGXAISAVATH DEUANTA , VONGTHAVONE THYRAPHON , BA VUONG TRUONG , QUOC TRONG PHAM , SOUVANNAKHOUMMANE KEOOUDONE , TAGANE SHUICHIRO
Published: May 2024

A new species of Nymphanthus (Phyllanthaceae), N. namkadingensis from Bolikhamxai Province, central Laos, is described and illustrated, along with its vernacular name and preliminary conservation status. The new species is similar to N. rubescens, but distinguished by having larger stipules, longer pedicels, and connate annular disc glands (vs. free disc glands) of pistillate flowers.
Multiple evidence reveals a new species of Neocucurbitaria (Cucurbitariaceae, Pleosporales) from China
Authors: XU RONG , SU WENXIN , LI YU , LI XIAO , LI CHANGTIAN
Published: May 2024

Xanthoceras sorbifolium (yellowhorn) is an endemic edible oil crop in China. A novel Neocucurbitaria species associated with dead stems of yellowhorn in Jilin Province (northeast China) is described and illustrated. It is characterized by stromata with 1–5 locules and a subhyaline pycnidial wall under the inner layer. Full morphological details and a comparison with closely related species are also provided. The new species differs from the closely related species N. ribicola, N. rhamni, N. rhamnicola and N. rhamnioides by its distinct conidiogenous cells and conidia. Phylogenetic analysis (maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference method) of combined ITS, LSU, rpb2, tef1-α and tub2 sequence data reveal that two strains of the fungus differ from all other species of Neocucurbitaria (Cucurbitariaceae). Therefore, we introduce N. subribicola as a new species, and this is the first report of the asexual morph of Neocucurbitaria in China
Confirmation of Acer campestre (Sapindaceae) presence in Algeria and new sites records
Authors: CHIKHAOUI ZAKIA , SAID SAMIR AIT , LAIDI KEYSSA , KROUCHI FAZIA
Published: May 2024

The presence of Acer campestre in Algeria is confirmed and its distribution updated by recording five new occurrences. A morphological description of leaves, shoots, and samaras is provided, based on samples collected from several occurrence sites.
9. Local Pioneers and the Beginnings of Western Music in Sendai
Authors: Mehl Margaret
Published: May 2024

Nevertheless, as Chapter 9, ‘Local Pioneers’, demonstrates, the decisive initiatives to promote music in general, and to disseminate Western music in particular came from determined individuals, including Shikama Totsuji and his brother Jinji. Having received a minimum of musical training in the capital, they taught music, wrote songs, helped establish local associations for the promotion of music, and organized concerts. The early concerts featured predominantly Japanese music. Concerts of Western music did not happen regularly until after the founding of a music club at the Second High School in 1902.
Incipient Intracholecystic Papillary Neoplasm of the Gallbladder Without Dysplasia
Authors: Lim Joseph S. , Dominguez Alejandra , Kidd Nathaniel , Mudaliar Kumaran , Buell Joseph F. , Jeyarajah Dhiresh Rohan , Osman Houssam
Published: May 2024

Intracholecystic papillary neoplasm (ICPN) of the gallbladder is a rare tumor described as a mucosal exophytic neoplastic lesion that projects into the gallbladder lumen. In regards to the size, lesions that did not make the arbitrary 1cm cutoff are described as “incipient” ICPN. Not much is known about these incipient ICPNs, as they are often excluded in ICPN studies, given the attempted adherence to the traditional 1cm cutoff. We present the youngest reported case of incipient, non-mucinous gastric-pylorus type ICPN who underwent cholecystectomy. Resection with negative margin for ICPN appears to be sufficient treatment and post resection imaging surveillance could be of value but further studies are required.
Impact of a Medication Reconciliation Improvement Package on Adherence to Medication Reconciliation Among Internal Medicine Physicians: A Quality Improvement Project in a Lower-Middle Income Country
Authors: Mahmood Saad Bin Zafar , Rehman Fazal , Jamal Aisha , Meghani Naureen Ali , Iqbal Madiha , Amirali Ambreen , Almas Aysha
Published: May 2024

Background: Medication reconciliation is one of the best measures to prevent medication-related errors at the time of admission and discharge of patients. We conducted a quasi-experimental study to evaluate the impact of a Medication reconciliation improvement package (intervention) on adherence to medication reconciliation at the time of admission in Department of Internal Medicine. The study included all adult patients admitted to internal medicine from August 2019 to December 2020. Pre-intervention data on adherence to medication reconciliation was less than 50%. The study involved creation of a quality improvement team to conduct a root-cause analysis which identified the need to target physician related issues and hence drafted a medication reconciliation improvement package which included meetings with physicians on the internal medicine floor, dedicated WhatsApp groups for repeated reminders, and appreciation messages for timely adherence. We used the Chi Square test to check the association between adherence to medication reconciliation and physicians and acuity level. Findings: We included 7914 records of patients, in which 4471 participants (56.4%) were from pre-intervention phase and 3443 (43.5%) were from intervention groups. The overall adherence to medication reconciliation was 54.3% (4297/7914). Adherence of medication reconciliation increased from 44.4% (1983/4471) in the pre-intervention phase to 67.2% (2314/3443) in the intervention phase ( P < .001). Improvement was observed in adherence of medication reconciliation done by residents and in low acuity areas ( P < .005). Conclusion: The Medical reconciliation improvement package is a simple low-cost intervention that resulted in improvement in adherence to medication reconciliation but needs further studies to assess its sustainability. However, it awaits to be seen if the same improvement can also be replicated to qualitative medication errors and clinical outcomes respectively.